bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Near-Infrared Photothermal Conversion by Isocorrole and Phlorin Derivatives
Authors: Caine Jana , Larsen Simon , Ghosh Abhik , Hudson Zachary
Published: November 2024

Photothermal therapy is a promising strategy for treating tumours and bacterial infections by using light irradiation to locally heat tissues. Metalloisoporphyrinoid materials have been investigated for their use as singlet oxygen photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy but remain underexplored as photothermal agents. Recently, two metallophlorin and two metalloisocorrole materials were found to have strong near-infrared absorbance, with low photoluminescent quantum yields, suggesting high rates of non-radiative decay. Here we demonstrate that when encapsulated into aggregated organic nanoparticles (a-Odots) these materials show high photothermal conversion efficiencies between 67.3 ± 8.4 to 75.9 ± 4.1 %. When considered alongside their ability to generate singlet oxygen, these materials may show promise as agents for dual photothermal and photodynamic therapy.
Monitoring Radical Intermediates in Photoactivated Palladium-Catalysed Coupling of Aryl Halides to Arenes by an Aryl Radical Assay
Authors: Tyerman Seb , MacKay Donald , Clark Kenneth , Kennedy Alan , Robertson Craig , Evans Laura , Edkins Robert , Murphy John
Published: November 2024

An aryl radical assay is used to provide information about the formation of aryl radicals from aryl halides in coupling reactions to arenes in the presence of palladium sources and under LED irradiation (lambda = 456 nm). The assay uses 2-haloxylenes as substrates. Aryl radical formation is indicated both by a defined product composition and by signature deuterium isotope effects. Comparison with recently published results for corresponding ground state palladium-catalysed reactions shows three principal differences: (i) in the photoactivated reactions, evidence supports the formation of aryl radical intermediates with all the phosphine ligands tested, in contrast to thermal ground-state chemistry where only specific ligands had encouraged this pathway, while others had promoted a non-radical coupling mechanism; (ii) oxidative addition complexes that are formed from reaction of Pd(0) sources with aryl halides reacted under photoactivation to form biaryl coupled products through radical intermediates, in contrast to their behaviour under thermal activation;. (iii) the photoreactions work well with mild bases like Cs2CO3, while the thermal reactions required KOtBu as base due to the different roles for base under the thermal versus photochemical mechanisms.
A comparative Study between Thiol-ene and Acrylate Photocrosslinkable Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel inks for Digital Light Processing
Authors: Steudter Therese , Lam Tobias , Pirmahboub Hamidreza , Stoppel Christian , Kloke Lutz , Pearson Samuel , del Campo Aránzazu
Published: November 2024

Photopolymerizable formulations based on the thiol-ene crosslinking are considered better alternatives than methacrylated counterparts for light-based fabrication processes. The thiol-ene photoreaction requires lower light doses for polymerization and leads to networks with lower molecular heterogeneity. For hydrogels at low polymer concentrations as used in bioinks (<8 wt%), faster polymerization rates and higher conversion of the crosslinking reaction have been reported in thiol-ene systems. Here we quantify further differences between thiol-ene and methacrylated crosslinked hydrogels for HA functionalized with norbornene, allyl ether or methacrylate groups. We show storage stability of the thiol-ene hydrogel precursors over 15 months, 3.8 times higher than the methacrylated derivative. Photorheology experiments demonstrated up to 4.7-times faster photocrosslinking. Network formation in photoinitiated thiol-ene HA crosslinking allows higher temporal control than in methacrylated HA, which shows long post-illumination hardening. Using digital light processing, 4% w/v HA hydrogels polymerized with a dithiol crosslinker allowed printing of 13.5x4x1 mm3 layers with holes of 100 µm resolution within 2 s. Considering that ene-derivatized hydrogel precursors are less commercially available than methacrylated counterparts, our results are important to estimate the extent to which the synthetic effort of introducing –ene functions can pay off in the printing step.
Stereoselective peptide synthesis in alkaline hydrothermal vent conditions
Authors: Molland Daniel P , Rhyu Isabella B , Wade Jon , Schnell Jason R.
Published: November 2024

Modern proteins are composed exclusively of L-amino acids but the origin of L-stereospecificity is unresolved. Carbonaceous meteorites were a significant source of organic matter on early Earth and commonly contain ten proteogenic amino acids in racemic mixtures. In conditions relevant to early Earth hydrothermal vents, surface-catalyzed peptide syntheses of these proteogenic mixtures show modest reaction rates and no significant stereoselectivity. However, we show that the presence of cysteine significantly increases peptide synthesis yields in the presence of silicate surfaces, with synthetic yields displaying a strong stereoselective bias towards L-cysteine. In a hydrothermal vent solvent model, L-cysteine doubles the increase in peptide synthetic yields compared to D-cysteine, as indicated by UV absorption, NMR, and mass spectrometry. Solid state NMR confirms that cysteine associates with silicates at alkaline pH via both carboxylate and sulfur groups. This adsorption results in a stereospecific orientation of the reactive amino group for surface-adsorbed bivalently charged amino acids detectable by Polarization-Resolved IRRAS. This stereospecific amino group reorientation provides a novel mechanism for abiotic peptide synthesis favoring L-amino acids on achiral surfaces, which is applicable to any bivalently charged amino acid at alkaline pH. Our findings here, that cysteine is incorporated stereoselectively in surface-catalyzed peptide synthesis, combined with the metal-binding capability of abiotically synthesized cysteine-bearing peptides, emphasizes the potential benefits of amino acids with sulfur functional groups to fundamental processes in early life and the potential usefulness of such amino acids as biosignatures.
Electrifying P(V): Access to Polar and Radical Reactivity
Authors: Jafarzadeh Mahdi , Nassir Molhm , Gherardi Luca , Raheja Nicholas , Kawamata Yu , S. Baran Phil
Published: November 2024

Electrochemical, fully stereoselective P(V)-radical hydrophosphorylation of olefins and carbonyl compounds using a P(V) reagent is disclosed. By strategically selecting the anode material, radical reactivity is accessible for alkene hy-drophosphorylation whereas a polar pathway operates for ketone hydrophosphorylation. The mechanistic intricacies of these chemoselective transformations was explored in-depth
Direct Chiroptical Correlation of Dissymmetric Crystal Morphologies
Authors: Wen Qiang , Tan Melissa , Eisenberg Ofir , Nasi Hadar , Brumfeld Vlad , Tiwari Akash , Ye Hai-Mu , Kahr Bart , Shimon Linda J. W. , Lahav Michal , van der Boom Milko E.
Published: November 2024

The link between molecular chirality and crystal shape has been studied since Pasteur correlated macroscopic and microscopic chirality by dissolving dissymmetric tartrate salt crystals and measuring the optical activity of the solutions. Here, we show a direct correlation between enantiomorphous metal-organic framework (MOF) crystals and the chirality of the molecular structure. The geometry of the habits are correlated with single crystal optical activity along the accessible low symmetry directions. Moreover, the bipyridimal crystals show unusual dissymmetry between the upper and lower regions. Weak X-ray scattering from small crystals were consistent with a hexagonal, enantiomorphous space group. However, the heterochirality of the mirror image forms could not be established with X-rays, necessitating a different approach. The optical circular birefringence of the enantiomorphs as evidenced by chiroptical imaging with a complete polarimetric microscope was used to correlate optical and morphological chirality.
A Review of an Effective Deep Learning Network for Estimating COVID-19 severity from chest X-ray Imagery: Co Severity-Net
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous),  Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, Sathik Muhammadu , S Irfan ,   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous),  Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, K Jaganathan ,   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics,  Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, K Prathap ,   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: November 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has become an integral part of our existence and shows no signs of abating. In 2020, the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic, and its effects have impacted our lives in myriad ways. To detect COVID-19 from Chest X-Ray images, researchers have developed deep learning techniques. Given the severity of the disease, scoring the level of COVID-19 infection can aid in determining the optimal course of treatment and care for patients, as not all COVID-19 positive patients require specialized medical attention. However, the limited availability of a large-scale dataset has resulted in few studies being conducted to estimate the severity of the disease from Chest X-Ray images. Consequently, we propose CoV Severity-Net, a deep learning-based architecture trained on a public COVID-19 dataset curated by experienced radiologists for severity estimation. Our proposal is based on a review of 18 papers from reputable sources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct.
AI-Driven Cardiomegaly Detection Using Cutting-Edge Chest X–ray imagery
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, Sathik Muhammadu , R Balamurugan ,   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous),  Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, S Gowtham ,   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, S Raffi ,   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: November 2024

This project aims to develop an innovative approach for detecting cardiomegaly, a condition characterized by an enlarged heart, using machine learning techniques, specifically Support Vector Machines (SVM), and state-of-the-art chest X-ray imagery. Cardiomegaly serves as a significant indicator of various cardiac diseases, and early detection through accurate imaging analysis can lead to timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. The proposed machine learning solution utilizes SVM algorithms trained on a diverse dataset of chest X-ray images to automatically identify signs of cardiomegaly with high precision and reliability. By harnessing the power of SVM, this system offers a non-invasive and cost-effective method for screening large populations for cardiac abnormalities, facilitating early diagnosis and appropriate medical management. Key features of the developed solution include robust feature extraction techniques, real-time analysis, and integration with existing healthcare infrastructure for seamless implementation in clinical settings. Moreover, the system prioritizes patient privacy and data security by adhering to relevant regulations and standards governing medical imaging and information management. Overall, this project represents a significant advancement in the field of cardiac health monitoring, providing healthcare professionals with a valuable tool for early detection and management of cardiomegaly, ultimately improving patient care and reducing the burden of cardio vascular disease
Paediatric palliative care in Aotearoa New Zealand—current state and future direction
Authors: Aburn Gemma , Gott Merryn , Moeke-Maxwell Tess , Drake Ross
Published: November 2024

This paper seeks to explore the current state of paediatric palliative care in Aotearoa New Zealand. The low priority afforded to paediatric palliative care for more than 2 decades has had a significant impact on service provision, education and research within this specialty. As a result, provision of specialist paediatric palliative care to children with serious illness and their whānau (family, including extended family) is inequitable and vastly inadequate. This paper considers the consequences of having limited access to specialist palliative care for children and whānau, and outlines what is required for both service development and current priorities for research.
The Impact of Teacher Attitudes and Beliefs on the Integration of Gamified Learning: A Study of Key Attitudinal Variables
Authors: Khasawneh Yusra Jadallah Abed , Khasawneh Mohamad Ahmad Saleem
Published: November 2024

The present study aims to explore the perspectives of educators in Saudi Arabia regarding the implementation of gamified learning approaches and their impact on the incorporation of gamified elements within educational environments, specifically emphasizing student engagement. A comprehensive dataset was obtained from a heterogeneous sample of educators hailing from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) by employing a rigorous quantitative research methodology. The study used a questionnaire survey to collect data from 100 teachers. The findings of this study unveiled an encouraging inclination among these teachers toward adopting gamified pedagogical techniques as an effective means of instruction. This study elucidated a robust association between positive teacher attitudes and the successful incorporation of gamified elements within instructional frameworks, leading to heightened levels of student involvement. While the experience of teachers certainly plays a role, it is important to acknowledge that the influence of positive attitudes towards gamification outweighs this factor. The results of this study highlighted the profound impact that gamified learning can have on promoting student engagement, underscoring its potential to bring about transformative changes in the educational landscape. Furthermore, these findings emphasized the critical role of cultivating positive teacher attitudes in ensuring the successful integration of gamified learning strategies.
Examining the Effect of Resource Constraints on Teaching and Learning of Grade 12 Mathematics in Gauteng Community Learning Centres
Authors: Tibane Carlit Casey , Neo Mafa-Theledi Olivia , Phanuel Masebe Tshediso , Peter Mathye
Published: November 2024

The study focused on the effects of resource constraints on the teaching and learning of Grade 12 Mathematics in Gauteng Community Learning Centres (CLCs) in South Africa. It highlighted the historical and socio-economic context of apartheid and its enduring effects on educational inequalities. The lack of resources in CLCs, including substandard facilities, scarcity of teaching materials, and under-resourced teachers, was identified as a persistent issue. Grade 12 Mathematics is a vital subject for higher education and career paths, and proposed solutions include using deliverology and implementation science to mitigate these challenges.The methodology involved a multiple-case study design, with semi-structured interviews conducted with Grade 12 Mathematics teachers in CLCs in the Gauteng North region. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data gathered from the interviews. The findings highlighted a severe lack of resources in CLCs, reliance on out-dated and borrowed materials, and a heavy burden on teachers to supply resources. Challenges included limited access to basic materials, financial and logistical strains on teachers, and a negative impact on teaching quality. Furthermore, the implications of these findings suggest that addressing resource constraints through these frameworks could significantly enhance the quality of Mathematics education in CLCs. The study recommends a strategic approach using deliverology and implementation science, focusing on structured goal setting, capacity building, stakeholder engagement, continuous improvement, policy advocacy, and technology integration to improve Grade 12 Mathematics delivery. These recommendations are aimed at mitigating the adverse effects of resource constraints and improving the teaching and learning of Grade 12 Mathematics in CLCs.
Reading Automated Feedback (RAF) in English for Nursing: Augmenting Perceptions and Reading Ability
Authors: Wardhono Agus , Asari Slamet , Kalista Anggia , Dumiyati Dumiyati , Anwar Khoirul
Published: November 2024

Despite adopting a variety of tactics, nursing students struggle to grasp main ideas, read and skim, and acquire specialist vocabulary. Reading automated feedback (RAF) can help by providing contextual information and dynamic vocabulary guidance, and assisting with summarizing and reflecting on content. The primary objective of this study was to thoroughly examine the effects of RAF on the reading abilities of second-year university students who participated in a English for Nursing course in their third semester, and to examine their perspectives regarding the incorporation of RAF in the education setting. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods to assess the impact of RAF. The quantitative methods were an intervention for 60 students who had been sampled purposively and separated into experimental and control groups (30 students each), and a survey, and the qualitative method involved interviews. The data show that implementing RAF significantly improved nursing students’ reading abilities, particularly comprehension, scanning and skimming, identifying main ideas, summarizing, and vocabulary development, while also fostering a highly positive classroom environment. In short, implementing RAF could bring about significant gains in nursing students’ reading abilities and promote a positive teaching environment. Ongoing examinations and comprehensive reviews of the long-term impacts of RAF are projected to result in major education gains.
Bioassays and virtual screening to identify potent natural antifouling compounds from the brown macroalga Dictyota dichotoma
Authors: Ba-akdah Mohammad Abdulaziz , Satheesh Sathianeson
Published: November 2024

Macroalgae are one of the potential natural sources for the isolation of novel eco-friendly antifouling compounds. In this study, the antifouling activity of an extract of the brown macroalga Dictyota dichotoma collected from the Red Sea was tested against bacteria isolated from the marine biofilm and larval forms of the barnacle. A maximum inhibition of barnacle larval settlement of 89.36% was observed in 25 µg ml-1 extract concentration at 24 h treatment. The secondary metabolite composition of the extract was analyzed by GC-MS and compounds were used as ligands for molecular docking with barnacle cement protein. The toxicity profile of secondary metabolites present in the extract was predicted through in silico analysis. The results indicate that the crude extract of the alga inhibited the biofilm formation by the bacteria and significantly reduced the settlement of the barnacle larvae. GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed the presence of five metabolites, including two fatty acids. All metabolites showed higher binding affinity with barnacle cement than the reference compound, copper. Among the secondary metabolites detected in the algal extract, the cholestane derivative exhibited maximum binding affinity (–14.2 kcal mol-1) with barnacle cement. The metabolites also showed positive for crustacean and fish toxicity in toxicity prediction using an in silico method.
Commodity risk assessment of Betula pendula and Betula pubescens plants from the UK
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Plant Health (PLH), Civera Antonio Vicent , Baptista Paula , Berlin Anna , Chatzivassiliou Elisavet , Cubero Jaime , Cunniffe Nik , de la Peña Eduardo , Desneux Nicolas , Di Serio Francesco , Filipiak Anna , Hasiów‐Jaroszewska Beata , Jactel Hervé , Landa Blanca B. , Maistrello Lara , Makowski David , Milonas Panagiotis , Papadopulos Nikos T. , Potting Roel , Susi Hanna , Van Der Gaag Dirk Jan , Battisti Andrea , Mas Hugo , Rigling Daniel , Faccoli Massimo , Mikulová Alžběta , Stergulc Fabio , Christoph Eugen , Mosbach‐Schulz Olaf , Streissl Franz , Gonthier Paolo
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as ‘High risk plants, plant products and other objects’. This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by plants of Betula pendula and B. pubescens imported from the United Kingdom (UK) taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by the UK. The commodities were grouped in the risk assessment as (a) bundles of 10–20 graftwood/budwood (up to 1‐year‐old), (b) bare root plants which include bundles of 25 or 50 seedlings or transplants (1–2 years‐old), bundles of 5, 10 or 15 whips (1–2 years‐old) and single bare root plants (1–7 years‐old), (c) plants in pots which include bundles of 5 and 10 cell‐grown plants (1–2 years‐old) and rooted plants in pots (1–7 years‐old), and (d) large specimen trees up to 15‐years‐old. All pests associated with the commodities were evaluated against specific criteria for their relevance for this opinion. Two EU quarantine pests i.e. Meloidogyne fallax and Phytophthora ramorum (non‐EU isolates) and two protected zone quarantine pests i.e. Entoleuca mammata and Thaumetopoea processionea fulfilled all relevant criteria and were selected for further evaluation. For the selected pests, the risk mitigation measures described in the technical dossier from the UK were evaluated considering the possible limiting factors. For these pests an expert judgement is given on the likelihood of pest freedom taking into consideration the risk mitigation measures acting on the pest, including uncertainties associated with the assessment. In the assessment of risk, the age of the plants was considered, as larger trees are more likely to be infested mainly due to longer time grown in the field. In addition, larger canopies and root systems are more difficult to inspect, thereby making the detection of pests more challenging on large trees. The likelihood of pest freedom varies among the pests evaluated, with M. fallax being the pest most frequently expected on the imported plants. The Expert Knowledge Elicitation (EKE) indicated with 95% certainty that between 9735 and 10,000 per 10,000 large specimen trees will be free from M. fallax.
AESTHETIC AND ARTISTIC APPRECIATION OF B-40
Authors: Batlawala Dipti Ashok kumar
Published: November 2024

Janamsakhi manuscript deals with the first Guru of Sikhs, Nanak Dev. Janamsakhi is birth stories of Guru Nanak. The sakhis (stories) in Janamsakhi manuscripts were like an artistic instrument to spread and share the teachings of the Gurus more effectively with the help of visuals as these facilitated the understanding of thought and helped the people to relate to the age and the legend. The popularity of Janamsakhis in the society increased due to their usefulness. Most of the people were illiterate at that time, so these paintings in Janamsakhi were a cagiest way to teach the doctrines of Sikhism to the people. These paintings upheld the Sikh aesthetics to reinforce spirit of the Janamsakhi tradition.
ACUTE EFFECT OF CONTINUOUS RUNNING ON WHITE BLOOD CELL (WBC) AMONG PHYSICALLY TRAINED BOYS
Authors: Ghosh Arnab
Published: November 2024

Introduction: In this research, the examination of the acute effect of continuous running on the white blood cell status of physically trained boys has been aimed.
Methods: Ten (10) physical education male students with an average age of 23.16±1.85 years participated in this study voluntarily. The white blood cell status (WBC) of the students was analyzed before running (BR) and just after 35 minutes of continuous running (AR).
To determine White blood cell status (WBC), blood samples with 5 ml EDTA were taken from the forearm ante-cubical area before and after resistance exercise, and analyzed in the laboratory using an auto-analyzer (Sysmex XP- 100).
Result: Measurement results were presented as average and standard deviation. Student T-test for dependant samples was used to make a comparison between BR and AR values. P<-0.01 value was considered to be significant. The result of the study revealed that, the increase in AR than BR values for White blood cell status (WBC) was significant.
Conclusion: Conclusively White blood cell status (WBC) displayed significant incensement in relation to acute continuous running.
Az epitheton ornansok Petőfi Sándor A helység kalapácsa című művében és fordításaiban
Authors: Lőrincz Julianna
Published: November 2024

Observing literary names and fictional name translations is essential in applied onomastics, contrastive stylistics and literary comparatistics. This paper examines the significance and characteristic function of the proper names and epitheta ornantia in the mock epic poem entitled A helység kalapácsa [‘The Hammer of the Village’], both in the source language text and in the Russian and English translations of the poem. The Petőfi text contains a multitude of epitheta ornantia, either in conjunction with proper names in fixed noun constructions or dispersed throughout the text. The latter adjectives serve as substitutes for proper names. The Russian and English versions of the proper names with epitheta ornantia are mainly equivalent to the source language versions. The proper names are primarily unaltered. In Russian, they are either transliterated or translated in meaning. The epitheta ornantia are usually word-by-word translations, sometimes with additions or omissions.
Személynevek és földrajzi nevek A Pál utcai fiúk fordításaiban
Authors: Sasvári Anna
Published: November 2024

This paper presents decisions taken by translators concerning names in the novel A Pál utcai fiúk [‘The Paul Street Boys’]. It examines the extent to which the target language texts retain or domesticate the Hungarian names and explores the implications of these strategies. The central question is, what translation decisions are given preference in the rendition of a Hungarian work when translated into the language of a central culture? This analysis forms part of a broader research project in which the translation choices under investigation concern textual elements (e.g., sociopragmatic elements, realia and onomastic elements) that bear the spatial and temporal imprint of a particular period and culture.
„Hál’ Istennek abban a könyvben, amibe belekezdtem, nincs Rezeda Kázmér...”
Authors: Pethő József
Published: November 2024

Functional cognitive linguistics and cognitive stylistics provide the linguistic background and methodological foundations of this paper. The most significant tenet of cognitive stylistics is the proposition that the formation of linguistic structures does not function merely as stylistic embellishments; instead, style represents an integral aspect of textual meaning. Names created by literary naming can be interpreted and analysed as defining elements of style. Following an introduction to the theory of language and style, the paper examines the fundamental issues of translating literary proper names. The most relevant question is whether it is necessary or possible to translate proper names in literary works. The following section presents an analysis of the significance of naming in Krúdy’s prose, followed by an examination of the main types of Krúdy’s names with ironic stylistic purpose. The third section analyses the German translations of Krúdy’s ironic names. In conclusion, it can be stated that the appropriate reproduction of Krúdy’s ironic names, which reflects the stylistic effect and meaning formation of the source language, is a particularly challenging task for translators. It is not uncommon to observe that connotational meanings and shades of meaning present in source language texts are not fully conveyed in translation. In certain instances, pre-existing linguistic coincidences (e.g., Hungarian Rezeda ‘reseda’ – German Reseda ‘reseda’) can assist in the translation process. In other cases, however, the translator’s professionalism, linguistic sophistication, and creativity are crucial to ensure such names’ accurate and effective translation.
Peran Aksi Kolektif untuk Mitigasi Bencana dalam Resiliensi Komunitas Menghadapi Tanah Longsor
Authors: Lubis Indri Wardiah Abriana , Pandjaitan Nurmala Katrina
Published: November 2024

Landslide disasters cause various impacts such as damage to facilities and infrastructure, loss of housing, too many casualties as well as providing psychological impacts that affect the social life of the community. The negative impact of disasters can be reduced by mitigating so that communities can survive. Muara 1 Village, Cibunian Village has carried out mitigation activities both structural and non-structural. Collective action by communities can achieve resilience if communities take collective action. The research method uses a quantitative approach through questionnaires and a qualitative approach with in-depth observation and interviews. Respondents in this study amounted to 80 respondents. Quantitative data was processed using Microsoft Excel 365 application and IBM SPSS Statistic 24 application. This study uses simple statistical analysis supported by qualitative data to see collective action variables with community resilience in facing landslide disasters. The results showed that collective action is still top down and not yet fully the community of Kampung Muara 1 is said to be resilient.
ZİYARET FENOMENİ BAĞLAMINDA KOLEKTİF EĞLENCE KÜLTÜRÜ: ZÊW
Authors: Kızmaz Öztürk Nuran
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada, Güneydoğu Anadolu’da karnaval, şenlik veya festival olarak adlandırabileceğimiz zêwin toplumda dayanışma ve bütünleşmenin inşasındaki rolü ve işlevine değinilmektedir. Aynı zamanda zêwin sosyo-kültürel açıdan anlamı ve toplumsal bazda ürettikleri ele alınmıştır. Bireyler ata topraklarına gelerek, kabirler etrafında birlik ve beraberlik içerisinde şenlikler düzenleyip ziyafetler vermektedir. Farklı aşiretler ve köyler arasında çatışma olmaksızın gerçekleştirilen bu etkinlikler, toplumda dayanışmayı ve bütünleşmeyi güçlendiren önemli işlevlerler taşımaktadır.
Zêwler dayanışmanın, bütünlüğün ve birliğin tahsis edilmesi ve toplum tarafından üretilmesi için önemli etkinlikler arasındadır. Araştırmamızda Güneydoğu Anadolu’da kadim ve kutsal bir bölge olan Turabdin yer alan etkinlikler ele alınacaktır. Ziyaret fenomeninde hem kutsal ile manevi bir bağlantı hem de toplumsal düzlemde kolektif eğlence kültürüne işaret eden ritüeller yapılmaktadır. Zêw şenliklerinde ataları anma, manevi tatmin, dua, adak adama ve dilek dileme gibi kutsal birtakım ritüeller gerçekleştirilir. Bunlara ek olarak zêw sırasında potlaca benzeyen ziyafetler
düzenlenmektedir. Zêw sırasında sergilenen etkinlikler, bölgenin yerel kültürü ile şekillenen eğlence biçimleri olan cirit oyunu, mıtırpların çalgı çengisi ve kilometrelerce uzanan halay kültürü de aynı mekânda senkretik bir nitelik sergilemektedir. Çalışmada farklı tarih ve mekanlarda yapılan zêw şenliklerinin en meşhurlarından olan Seyyid Bilal ve Şeyh Hasan Zêw’leri ele alınacaktır. Bölgede zêwlerin ekonomik, politik, sosyo-psikolojik, kültürel ve tarihsel işlevleri ortaya konulmuştur. Bu bağlamda 20 katılımcı ile derinlemesine mülakat yapılarak elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç kısmında elde edilen veriler ritüel, sembol ve inanç üzerinden ele alınarak tartışılacaktır.
The expression of TAM and EPHA2 genes in breast cancer
Authors: Ferreira Filho Darley de Lima , Aguiar Amanda , Ferreira Nancy Cristina Ferraz de Lucena , Leitao Glauber , Martins Danyelly Bruneska Gondim , Borba Maria , Alberto Luiz
Published: November 2024

Objective: Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are involved in cell growth, motility, and differentiation. Deregulation of RTK signaling is associated with tumor development and therapy resistance. Potential RTKs such as TAM (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK), RON, EPH, and MET have been evaluated in many cancers such as lung, prostate, and colorectal, but less is known in breast tumors. In this study, 51 luminal breast cancer tissue and 8 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes were evaluated by qPfor the expression of TAM, RON, EPHA2, and MET genes. Methodology: The study was carried out with women assisted at Hospital Barão de Lucena – Recife (PE), enrolling 59 women, aged from 32 to 100 years, divided into two groups: 51 patients diagnosed with luminal breast cancer and 8 patients diagnosed with TNBC. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Pernambuco (CAAE: 47869315 0 00005208). Results: Among the 59 patients, 21 had luminal A-like, 30 had lumina B-like, and 8 had TNBC. The median age at diagnosis of breast cancer was 56 years, and patients were divided into four groups: 10.34% of patients 30–40 years; 22.41% of patients 41–50 years; 32.75% of patients 51–60 years, and 34.4% of patients over 60 years. Parity was reported by 89.83%, smoking habit was reported by 22.03%, and obesity was observed in 37.29% of patients. Luminal breast cancer was the most prevalent subtype, accounting for 86.44% of patients, of which 58.82% were luminal B-like. Regarding tumor staging, 11.86% of tumors were in stage I, 42.37% of tumors were in stage II, and 44.06% of tumors were in stage III. Conclusion: The TAM receptors show potential for targeting therapy once the expression of the three genes coding for the trimer is related to breast cancer subtypes and influenced by the patient’s aging and habits, besides, the crosstalk between TAM and other RTKs like MET and EPH receptors.
Nursing team interventions in the early diagnosis of breast cancer
Authors: Rocha Marina Elias , Oliveira Éllyda Vanessa Leonel , Santos Jaziane Gonçalves , Machado Geffson Damaceno
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to identify nursing interventions in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Methodology: An integrative literature review was carried out from 2017 to 2024, using the PubMed, MEDLINE, and SciELO databases. Results: The cancer panorama is constantly changing, and given this current scenario, breast cancer has become the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, surpassing lung cancer. Given this problem, analyzing the importance of the nursing team’s role in Early identification becomes vital, considering that it is the main form of prevention and premature treatment of the disease. It was analyzed that having continuous knowledge about the topic is essential for these professionals to maintain the effectiveness of their main duties. The following interventions were identified that the nursing team must be able to carry out: participating in ongoing education on the subject, carrying out the appropriate nursing consultation, according to the clinical condition and age group, carrying out a clinical breast examination correctly, evaluating symptoms and signs related to neoplasia, requesting and forwarding exams according to the standard operating procedure of each institution, and monitoring the diagnosis and treatment of each client. All of this allows treatment to be started in advance, preventing the progression of this cancer to more advanced stages and consequently death. Conclusion: Therefore, the nursing team plays an important role in carrying out this identification through their respective duties, as they work directly in the primary health care stage, having constant updating of their knowledge in relation to the topic brings better performance to these professionals, which is essential in relation to their role as a nurse, which involves both the physical and emotional aspects that are related to the health-disease process.
Mastectomy and conservative treatment: finding balance between therapeutic efficiency and quality of life
Authors: Rocha Marina Elias , Costa Giovanna Sant’Anna da , Imbrozio Alessandro Magno Teixeira , Damasceno Beatriz Curado , Silva Dener Cleiton Souza e , Costa Carla Danielle Dias
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to describe the points of balance between the approaches of conservative surgery and radical mastectomy in the treatment of breast cancer, based on treatment and quality of life. Methodology: This is a narrative review of the literature in which studies were selected from the PubMed, Scielo, and Virtual Health Library databases. We used the descriptors: mastectomy, breast cancer, Halsten mastectomy, conservative surgeries, associated with Boolean operators, and that helped in expanding the research. Results: There are several mechanisms available for the treatment of breast cancer, depending on the stage of the disease and the patient’s condition, requiring individualized assessment of the patient to obtain a better prognosis. Thus, the radical mastectomy proposed by Halsten, its modified versions, and conservative treatments stand out. In relation to radical mastectomy, which is more aggressive but eligible in advanced diseases, there is resection of the breast, including skin and glands, pectoral muscles, and axillary lymph nodes, while conservative surgery removes only part of the mammary gland that contains the tumor. With regard to conservative surgery, even if there is no mutilation of the organ, it was analyzed that there is an increase in the rates of local recurrence of the tumor when compared with mastectomized patients. When evaluating impacts on a woman’s quality of life (QL), mastectomy presents numerous problems mainly due to the imagery aspect, which leads to depressive conditions, resulting in lower biopsychosocial functioning. Conclusion: The treatment of breast cancer must be individualized, taking into account the possibility of recurrence, QoL, and the staging of the neoplasm. Mastectomy reduces the chance of recurrence. However, it has a greater chance of generating grief related to the loss of the breast, reducing QoL. On the contrary, conservative surgery has a better biopsychosocial aspect, but recurrences are more common.
The importance of primary care in the prevention of breast cancer in Brazil
Authors: Rocha Marina Elias , Tavares Yasmin Silva , Moreira Samara Benites , Oliveira Daiane de Sena de , Signor Júlia Sanches , Lima Isabela Garcia , Costa Carla Danielle Dias
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to present the importance of actions to promote, prevent, and protect women’s health in preventing breast cancer in Brazil. Methodology: This is a narrative review of the literature, using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using the descriptors “breast cancer prevention” and “primary care.” Inclusion criteria were articles published in Portuguese, available online, and free of charge. Exclusion criteria were articles not available in full and repeated. The initial sample identified 516 studies, of which 5 were selected for the construction of this study. Results: The results indicate that effective primary care performance is correlated with earlier diagnoses of breast cancer, through campaigns encouraging self-care, healthy eating, and physical activity. In addition, carrying out a physical examination during consultations and health literacy actions in basic health units regarding measures to reduce the chance of developing breast cancer, enabling more effective treatments, and increasing survival rates, therefore, suggest an integrated approach between primary care services and specialized oncology and mastology services. Conclusion: Therefore, primary care is an important tool in the early detection of this cancer, having a significant impact on the good prognosis of patients and offering well-being and quality of life for these women.
Therapeutic approaches in pregnant women with breast cancer
Authors: Rocha Marina Elias , Cardoso Wadyla Thaís Oliveira , Cintra Ana Carolina Daniel , Costa Giovanna Sant’Anna da , Reis Amanda de Borba , Lima Isabela Garcia , Perillo Lara Cardoso , Costa Carla Danielle Dias
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to understand the therapeutic approaches recommended for pregnant women with breast cancer (BC). Methodology: This narrative review used PubMed, Scielo, and Virtual Health Library as databases, with the descriptors: “breast cancer,” “Pregnant woman at risk,” and “Therapeutic indication.” Results: BC is considered a risk factor during pregnancy when the diagnosis occurs during or after 1 year of pregnancy. At this stage, there is greater vascularization and density of the breast parenchyma, intensified during the lactation period. These physiological changes in the pregnancy cycle make early diagnosis by mammography difficult and, consequently, lead to a higher frequency of cases of breast CA in advanced stages. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma corresponds to the majority of BCs in pregnant women; for this, the most indicated treatment, in most cases, is surgery. However, radiotherapy is contraindicated, as chemotherapy is only used in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. The survival of pregnant women with breast CA and non-pregnant women presents little difference, but the clinical control of the patient must be multidisciplinary with an obstetrician, oncologist, nutritionist, and psychologist to confirm both the state and the gestational time, which are necessary for safe therapeutic decisions for mother and fetus. Conclusion: Therapeutic strategies bring several benefits in the treatment of BC in pregnant women, especially infants. Furthermore, it is important to highlight the importance of the multidisciplinary team in the treatment of BC, taking into account the benefits and risks presented for each patient; therefore, the assessment must be analyzed and individualized for each patient and the specificity of BC, all with the aim of the best treatment of the mother, ensuring the benefits of her relationship with her child and ensuring a healthy and safe motherhood.
Radio-induced breast angiosarcoma: case report
Authors: Paula Maria Luiza Bessa de , Silveira Júnior Luiz de Paula , Silveira Neto Luiz de Paula , Pinto Sebastião Alves
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to describe a case of radio-induced angiosarcoma after conservative surgery of the right breast, as, due to the low incidence of this neoplasm, experience in the different services is limited. Therefore, the authors call for strict follow-up, especially due to the appearance of skin changes after radiotherapy, with the aim of making an early diagnosis of the disease. Methodology: To write the following case report, the authors carried out a literature review in the following databases: PubMed, LILACS, VHL, NICE, Cochrane Library, and Scielo. Results: The authors describe the case of a 79-year-old female patient with a history of the appearance 2 months ago of an erythematous-violaceous spot, with a brownish halo, painless, measuring approximately 1.5×2.0 cm in its largest axes, with irregular edges and hardened consistency, located at the junction of the upper quadrants of the right breast and over the surgical scar. The aforementioned patient had undergone quadrantectomy and study of the sentinel lymph node (negative) 20 years ago for invasive ductal carcinoma, followed by 30 sessions of radiotherapy (5040 cGy) and endocrinotherapy with tamoxifen citrate (5 years) and letrozole (1 year). Conclusion: After incisional biopsy, the pathological anatomy revealed that it was an atypical vascular lesion. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positivity for antigens related to CD31 and CD34, the absence of estrogen receptors, and amplification of the C-MYC oncogene, which confirmed the diagnosis of radiotherapy-induced angiosarcoma, in addition to grade III anaplasia. The mammogram only demonstrated skin thickening in the upper quadrants of the right breast (BI-RADS 2) and the breast ultrasound showed well-defined subcutaneous nodular formations, parallel to the skin, with parietal calcifications suggestive of steatonecrosis (BI-RADS 3). Subsequently, the patient underwent a modified Madden radical mastectomy and a study of the thoracic-lateral sentinel and parasentinel lymph nodes, which were negative for malignancy. The patient is well and is being followed up.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: case report of a rare tumor with a good prognosis
Authors: Toledo Fernanda José de , Gabriel Augusto Ribeiro , Perilo Deborah Branco Ferreira , Mesquita Felipe Santa Cruz , Kaluf Mariana Abrahão Helou , Gabriel Marilia Bittencourt , Quinan Paulo Victor Monteiro , Araujo Neto Augusto Rodrigues de
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to report a case of a rare breast cancer subtype. Methodology: This is a case report. Results: This is a case of a patient diagnosed with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the right breast in June 2007, at 38 years of age. She underwent a quadrantectomy with right axillary lymph node dissection on September 14, 2007, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, and remained under follow-up. In April 2019, probable recurrence was evidenced in the bone (L1) and lung. Bone biopsy in April 2019 did not show malignancy. Lobectomy in August 2019 confirmed metastasis of adenoid cystic carcinoma to the lung, with clear margins. She was referred for radiotherapy in L1 – 10 fractions were performed. In 2020, a nodule was found in the left kidney. A follow-up was proposed. In February 2021, there was new bone progression (osteolytic lesion in L1 and D6 with pathological fracture and pain). She was evaluated by neurosurgery, without surgical intervention. New radiotherapy was recommended. She underwent a video-assisted partial nephrectomy in October 2021, confirming adenoid cystic carcinoma. The patient is currently under follow-up and without evidence of oncologic disease. Conclusion: Therefore, this patient was diagnosed with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the right breast in 2007 (17 years of follow-up) and experienced disease recurrence in 2019. Metastasectomies of pulmonary and renal nodules were performed, as well as radiotherapy for bone metastases. She is currently under clinical follow-up with no signs of new lesions or indication for systemic treatment. The patient is asymptomatic with preserved functionality and quality of life.