bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microblogging Design for Education in Visual Message
Authors: Mahdalena Vina , Handayani Lusia , Uljanatunnisa Uljanatunnisa
Published: May 2023

The highest increase in social media users reached 34.2% in 2017. Meanwhile, Whatsapp is the most widely used social media in Indonesia. The percentage record at 88.7%. After that, there are Instagram and Facebook, with percentages of 84.8% and 81.3%. Microblogging on Instagram feature is usually for marketing and promotion, but content creators use it as a medium of education in today's society. This medium stimulates teachers to take advantage of Microblog for learning media. This study aimed to test the feasibility of microblogging design concerning the development of learning media in designing visual messages on social media and analyzing microblogs used for education. These research methods are development design and qualitative research. Researchers use experts to assess the microblogging design and collect data by interviewing experts regarding microblogging as an educational medium. The study's result in the form of a Microblog design considers that several categories still need to reach the media feasibility test. Some categories that still need to be feasible are form (element), line, and space. Revision is needed because it will affect the effectiveness of Microblog as a learning medium for students. Microblog for collaborative learning is needed for andragogy learning methods needed by adults. Another unique finding is educational microblogs which present picture stories and are more popular than images. The researcher designed Microblog by paying attention to visual communication to provide education.
Sexual Health Education Among Autism Adolescents in Special Schools
Authors: Fauziyah Luluk , Yusuf Munawir , Yuwono Joko
Published: May 2023

Every learner, including those with autism, must be taught about sexual health education. Teachers have a crucial role to play in educating autistic adolescents about sexual health while they are in school. However, many teachers face confusion while teaching sexual education to autistic adolescent students. This research aims to describe the problem of sexual health education in autistic adolescents and the need for learning media to teach sexual health education to autistic adolescents in Special Schools. This study used a qualitative approach. Data was collected through interviews with teachers of autistic students in Special Schools. This research was conducted in 3 (three) special schools in Solo Raya, Indonesia: SLB A, SLB B, and SLB C. The subjects in this study were three teachers of autistic students. The research instrument used interviews with teachers regarding sexual health education issues and the need for instructional media to teach sexual education. The results of the study show that there was a main problem regarding teaching sexual education for autistic students; teachers with autistic adolescents experience confusion in teaching sexual education for autistic adolescents because there are no props or media that are suitable for autistic characteristics. Autism students more easily accept learning using visual-based media. This research's limitation is the sample, which only uses a small sample. This research was only conducted on teachers of autistic students in the Special Schools setting. Based on previous research on sexual education aimed at students with disabilities in general, the novelty of this study is to describe the problems of sexual education in autism students in the adolescent age category.
Inflasi Dan Pengangguran Dalam Islam
Authors: AR Ashra
Published: May 2023

Inflasi merupakan salah satu dari sekian masalah ekonomi yang cukup banyak mendapatkan perhatian dari para ekonom. Inflasi adalah gejala ekonomi yang menunjukkan naiknya suatu harga secara umum yang berkesinambungan. Inflasi merupakan permasalahan kronis di hampir setiap negara terutama di negara- negara berkembang.
Anthropogenic effects on animal cultures
Authors: Gruber Thibaud
Published: May 2023

Recent decades have seen a steady increase in studies looking at the impact of human activities on wild animals. Many describe behavioural changes that concern traits that have been considered, or have the potential to be considered, as cultural, leading to the question of whether we are witnessing cultural evolution in other animals as a direct result of our own activities. Results indicate that human activities influence animal cultural repertoires through a variety of mechanisms: they can lead to the modification and, in extreme cases, the disappearance of existing cultural traits, but they can also foster the invention of novel traditions that have themselves the potential to become cultural. These examples are often found in the domain of food acquisition, where animals modify their diet to include new resources, adopt novel foraging strategies to avoid or, in contrast, establish long-lasting relationships with humans or human products or artifacts. Understanding these new cultural patterns in relation to humans is crucial for two reasons: as wildlife is increasingly exposed to humans and their activities, studying how animal cultures are impacted and change in response to anthropogenic factors is important for conservation purposes. Second, the current resulting situation for other animals, with drastic environmental changes in a short amount of time leading to behaviour change, may reflect past ecological pressures on human cultures and hence be informative to models of cultural evolution.
CITY OF HOPE SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CHSDRI)
Authors: Alves Ventura R
Published: May 2023

In this essay, the ideal scientific research utopia institute is represented by a futuristic science city.The city of hope scientific development and research institute.(CHSDRI) As such. The main targets of scientific research, addressing modern society problems, like cancer,virus or antiaging. Are Positively resolved in a simplified way.
Looping Statement
Authors: suardi citra , Syariati Kasmir
Published: May 2023

Looping statement, yang merupakan konsep dasar dalam algoritma pemrograman. Konsep ini sangat penting karena sering digunakan dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak. Modul ini akan membahas jenis-jenis looping statement, seperti for loop, while loop, dan do-while loop, serta cara penggunaannya dalam pemrograman.Selain itu, modul ini juga akan membahas tentang perbedaan dan keuntungan dari masing-masing jenis looping statement, serta bagaimana menghindari kesalahan umum dalam penggunaannya. Modul ini akan memberikan contoh nyata dan latihan praktis untuk membantu mahasiswa memahami konsep ini dengan lebih baik.
Physical Equations Relating Extract and Relative Density
Authors: Buhl Josh
Published: May 2023

Equations for converting between relative density and percent by mass extract based upon physically meaningful values (rather than fitted parameters) are derived from physical principles. An exact equation and two approximate formulas using one resp. two physically meaningful parameters are given based on the partial specific volumes of sucrose and water in solution, which are calculated for sucrose concentrations varying between 0 and 20 percent by mass fraction. The predictions of these equations are compared to the ASBC tables and the accuracy of the predicted values is analysed. The root mean squared error over the entire range of the ASBC tables of the approximate formula with two parameters is less than 0.016°P and that of the formula using only one parameter is less than 0.023°P. The approximate formula with one parameter provides a simple and easily remembered but nevertheless highly exact means for any brewer to calculate extract without specialized analytical devices.
Exploring the Critical Listening Assessment Conundrum on Pre-Sessional EAP Programmes in Higher Education
Authors: Bannister Peter
Published: May 2023

Critical listening is a key component of international student study success in Higher Education (Field, 2011). Going somewhat against their remit to help students ‘…to understand their disciplines, to establish their careers or to successfully navigate their learning’ (Hyland, 2018, p. 383), the use of discreet-item listening comprehension tests on PSE courses has been found to fall short on many counts (Buck, 2001; Pearson, 2020). Critical listening assessment alternatives were sought in extant literature and professional guidance documentation (BALEAP, 2013; QAA, 2014) but no solace was found. This dissertation aspired to address these incongruences by elaborating an alternative assessment instrument, and so, the development of a critical listening assessment checklist prototype began. Building on the wisdom-of-(expert)-crowds (Surowiecki, 2005), an exploratory international Delphi method was used as a means of idea building, expert opinion aggregation, and consensus consolidation on potential assessment criteria and analytical descriptors for the assessment checklist. This novel application of the mixed-methods approach in EAP combined three iterative Delphi questionnaire rounds and two interjacent online focus group sessions with a panel of five international experts. Numerical and narrative data were gathered and analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis, respectively. The Critical Listening Competency Assessment Checklist was the outcome of this process and achieved expert consensus (100%) on all counts. This prototype, and the ensuing elaboration of the original tentative practice-informed theoretical definition of applied doctoral critical listening competency, are further novel contributions which take a step towards addressing the ambiguities and gaps in both critical listening assessment extant literature and praxis.
Pengantar Ekonomi Makro Syariah
Authors: AR Ashra
Published: May 2023

Pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional pada kuartal I-2020 hanya 2,97% atau terkontraksi 2,41% dibandingkan kuartal IV-2019. Itu artinya roda ekonomi Indonesia melambat di 3 bulan pertama tahun ini.
Analisis Permintaan Dan Penawaran Agregatif
Authors: AR Ashra
Published: May 2023

Dalam ekonomi makro, permintaan agregat adalah jumlah total pembelanjaan oleh rumah tangga konsumen, perusahaan dan pemerintah pada berbagai tingkat harga.
Exclusive Breastfeeding Coverage Increase Using Breastfeeding Readiness Scale
Authors: Harsanti Intaglia , Delilah Susan , Ridayani
Published: May 2023

Exclusive breastfeeding is an indispensable need for baby. However, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding still becomes an issue. This study aims to develop self-efficacy measurement tools for breastfeeding mothers in Central Bangka Regency, Indonesia. This study was a mixed method research with a total of 72 test respondents. The research was started from June to November 2021. The process and analysis used alpha Cronbach and SPSS application version 24. Based on the results of the CVR (Content Validity Ratio) test, all 20 items are considered to have a CVR above 0.8. The results of the item discrimination test on the breastfeeding readiness scale show 19 items had good discriminatory power and 1 item failed. The reliability coefficient on the prosocial behavior scale has high value consistency and stability. The early breastfeeding readiness scale can be used to assess the level of readiness of mothers in the breastfeeding process. This scale is practicable for all mothers, both those who have had children/given birth and those who are still in the pregnancy.
Effects of supplemental instruction on grades, mental well-being, and belonging: A field experiment
Authors: Dekker Izaak , Luberti Merel , Stam Jantien
Published: May 2023

Supplemental Instruction (SI) is a form of structured peer guidance attached to a specific course, provided by an experienced and trained student to a group of students. Previous studies show a positive effect of SI on learning outcomes, some found effects on well-being, and sense of belonging. However, literature on SI lacks randomized controlled trials and does not fully address the risk of self-selection bias. The current study tested whether SI has an effect on grades, mental well-being, and sense of belonging with a pre-registered randomized field experiment and a sample of 493 Dutch first-year students. Students who were offered SI obtained significantly higher grades (d = 0.26) but did not score significantly different on mental well-being or belonging.
UKRN Open Research Training Resources and Priorities Working Paper
Authors: Network Reproducibility , Grange James A.
Published: May 2023

UKRN Open Research Programme has released its first working paper about training priorities and resources aimed at accelerating the uptake of high quality open research practices.
Ensuring ethical animal welfare research: Are more ethics review committees the solution?
Authors: Nielsen Birte L , Golledge Huw D. R. , Chou Jen-Yun , Camerlink Irene , Pongrácz Péter , Ceballos Maria Camila , Whittaker Alexandra Louise , Olsson I. Anna S.
Published: May 2023

In this Opinion Paper, we aim to highlight the inherent challenges to ethics review of animal (welfare) science research, especially the differences between different countries and jurisdictions which can give rise to inequalities as articles are reviewed internationally. The article is meant as a debate starter, and we hope that some of the issues raised will inspire animal researchers, journals, and reviewers to improve the process, even though we do not have all the answers.
Analisis Pendapatan Nasional Dalam Ekonomi Islam
Authors: AR Ashra
Published: May 2023

Menurut Ani Susanti (2017) definisi dari perekonomian dua sektor dapat diartikan sebagai perekonomian tertutup yang hanya mencakup sector perusahaan (business) dengan sector rumah tangga (house hold).
Meandering Sobriety: a collection of thought-provoking short stories by author Vuong Quan Hoang
Authors: TV SNN
Published: May 2023

A scientist by day and writer by night, Vuong Quan Hoang spins enigmatic tales of laughter and introspection in his new nonfiction, Meandering Sobriety.Vuong Quan Hoang utilised his years of experience as a scientist to combine philosophical and scientific schools of thought. He has released Meandering Sobriety, a medley of humorous and reflective stories.SNNTV (May 5, 2023); https://www.snntv.com/story/48862054/meandering-sobriety-a-collection-of-thoughtprovoking-short-stories-by-author-vuong-quan-hoang
Marinus Becichemus and the Dubrovnik manuscripts of the Heroides
Authors: Jovanovic Neven
Published: May 2023

The humanist Marinus Becichemus (born in Shkoder, probably in 1468, and died in Padua in 1526) was a pupil of Giovanni Calfurnio and Cristofor Barzizza in Brescia in about 1484, and from 1500 was a teacher in Venice, Padua, Brescia. Before that, from 1492 to 1496 (and afterwards, from 1508 to 1510), Becichemus was a teacher at the Dubrovnik humanist school. On May 1495, he dedicated to the Dubrovnik Senate the philological treatise Ovidianae annotationes, published three decades later in P. Ouidii Nasonis Heroides, ed. Nicolaus Scoelsius, Venetiis: Ioannis Tacuini de Tridino, 1525. In this treatise he notes in some twenty-five places lectiones variantes of the text of Ovid’s Heroides, which are provided (so he says) by “ancient” manuscripts (antiquissimi codices) in the possession of “the poet Ivan Gučetić”, “the poet Ilija Crijević” and a certain “Menčetić”. Becichemus compares the readings provided by codices Ragusini with readings of the codices owned by a colleague of Brescia (qui Brixiae profitentur). These philological notes witness to the manuscript culture of humanist Dubrovnik, confirming that at least three Dubrovnik patricians in about 1495 possessed rather old codices of Ovid’s Heroides, and enable the consideration of the place of these codices in the transmission of the text of the Heroides.
Who's Afraid of Policy Experiments?
Authors: Dur Robert , Non Arjan , Prottung Paul , Ricci Benedetta
Published: May 2023

In many public policy areas, randomized policy experiments can greatly contribute to our knowledge of the effects of policies and can thus help to improve public policy. However, policy experiments are not very common. This paper studies whether a lack of appreciation of policy experiments among voters may be the reason for this. Using unique survey data representative of the Dutch electorate, we find clear evidence contradicting this view. Voters strongly support policy experimentation and, in line with theory, particularly so when they do not hold a strong opinion about the policy. In a subsequent survey experiment among Dutch politicians, we find that politicians conform their expressed opinion about policy experiments to what we tell them the actual opinion of voters is. We conclude that voters are not afraid of policy experiments and neither are politicians when we tell them that voters are not.
Konsep dan Teori Uang Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: AR Ashra
Published: May 2023

Uang secara global merupakan alat pembayaran atau sering disebut alat tukar. Uang dijadikan tolak ukur atau alat ukur untuk menilai harga dari suatu barang atau jasa.
A new sample size planning approach for the VAR(1) model: Predictive Accuracy Analysis
Authors: Revol Jordan , Lafit Ginette , Ceulemans Eva
Published: May 2023

Researchers increasingly study short-term dynamic processes that evolve within single individuals using N=1 studies. The processes of interest are typically captured by fitting a VAR(1) model to the resulting data. A crucial question is how to perform sample size planning and thus decide on the number of measurement occasions needed. The most popular approach is to perform power analysis, which focuses on detecting the effects of interest. We argue that performing sample size planning based on out-of-sample predictive accuracy yields additional important information regarding potential overfitting of the model. Predictive accuracy quantifies how well the estimated VAR(1) model will allow to predict unseen data from the same individual. We propose a new simulation-based sample size planning method, called Predictive Accuracy Analysis (PAA), and an associated Shiny App. This approach makes use of a novel predictive accuracy metric that accounts for the multivariate nature of the prediction problem. We showcase how the values of the different VAR(1) model parameters impact power and predictive accuracy-based sample size recommendations using simulated data sets and real data applications. The range of recommended sample sizes is smaller for predictive accuracy analysis than for power analysis.
Hypnotic Suggestibility enhances with Online Harvard Group Scale
Authors: Brann Elisa , walsh Eamonn , Terhune Devin B , Deeley Quinton
Published: May 2023

The scientific study of hypnosis, in particular its use within experimental paradigms, has steadily increased in recent years. Such studies often recruit highly suggestible individuals identified via extensive screening procedures. Recently, new online hypnotic suggestibility screening techniques have been developed, however no study has yet measured the most widely used suggestibility scale, the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility (Harvard) online.In this study we recruited seventy-five participants to take part in both an offline and online Harvard screening. A within-group comparison of objective Harvard scores for each subscale (ideomotor, challenge, cognitive) was conducted between offline and online sessions, using a repeated measures factorial test.Results showed a small but significant increase in suggestibility (5.8%) during the online session compared to the offline session, which was driven by response to ideomotor suggestions. Further correlation analyses ruled out that this difference was due to the duration of the interval between first (offline) and second (online) screening, and time of day at which participants took part. Online screening for suggestibility using the Harvard is feasible and marginally enhanced. Screening groups rather than individuals online using the Harvard should be explored in future studies. Online screening using the Harvard has the potential to broaden participation in experimental hypnosis studies thereby increasing its efficacy as a research tool.
Modeling the effect of psycho-socio-economic consequences of COVID-19 on life satisfaction: The role of deviation from a balanced time perspective
Authors: Fedáková Denisa , Adamkovic Matus , Loziak Alexander , Kačmár Pavol
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to study the role of deviation from a balanced time perspective in the broader context of COVID-19-related variables. We examined a structural model that depicted how the difficulty with adhering to COVID-19 restrictions and their psycho-socio-economic consequences were related to life satisfaction in a sample of 1423 participants. The results suggest that the difficulty with adhering to the anti-pandemic measures was associated with increased loneliness, decreased contentment with the authorities’ management of the pandemic situation and a worsened personal economic situation. These factors were related to higher levels of COVID-19-related stress and anxiety and lower levels of life satisfaction. Importantly, deviation from the balanced time perspective was one of the strongest predictors of overall life satisfaction within the model.
Demographic differences in hearing thresholds compared to suprathreshold measures
Authors: Gibbs Bobby , Anderson Samira , Gordon-Salant Sandra
Published: May 2023

African American race and female sex are identified as protective for hearing sensitivity. The mechanisms supporting this protection are not fully understood and it is unclear whether similar mechanisms explain suprathreshold processing. Using robust linear and linear mixed-effect models, the best predictors of hearing sensitivity were contrasted with the best predictors of suprathreshold measures in younger and older listeners. The listeners (N=121) had thresholds <25 dB HL up to 3 kHz. Self-identified race (African American or Caucasian) and sex were hypothesized to moderate outcomes on hearing sensitivity, time-compressed speech recognition, pulse rate discrimination and auditory brainstem responses. Support for the hypotheses occurred if race and sex were among the predictors resulting in the models with lowest mean absolute error. The hypotheses were partially supported. However, confounding factors included 3 kHz hearing sensitivity (which moderated the association between sex, race, and Wave V latency) and episodic memory (which moderated the association between processing speed, sex, and pulse rate discrimination). Moreover, the hearing sensitivity benefit associated with African American listeners did not extend to suprathreshold measures. The biological mechanisms associated with race and sex, thought to underly differences in hearing sensitivity, may be inadequate to explain differences in auditory temporal processing.
Widespread but limited in context: Absolute tuning judgments are disrupted by relative pitch cues
Authors: Van Hedger Stephen Charles , Bongiovanni Noah
Published: May 2023

Most listeners exhibit absolute pitch memory for familiar pitched sounds, ranging from simple tones (e.g., the censor “bleep”) to rich, polyphonic melodies (e.g., excerpts from popular songs). Given that relative pitch is the predominant means of processing music for most listeners, this observed absolute pitch memory suggests that most listeners have hybrid representations, containing both absolute and relative pitch cues. The present experiment assesses how relative pitch cues influence absolute pitch memory in a variety of listening contexts, varying in terms of ecological validity. Participants were asked to explicitly judge different musical sounds (isolated notes, chords, scales, and short excerpts), varying in complexity, in terms of absolute tuning (i.e., whether the sound was “in tune” or “out of tune”). Listeners showed robust above-chance performance in judging absolute tuning when the to-be-judged sounds did not contain relative pitch changes (i.e., isolated notes and chords), replicating prior work. Critically, however, performance was significantly reduced and was not statistically different from chance when the musical sounds contained relative pitch changes (scales and short excerpts). Taken together, the results suggest that most listeners possess some long-term memory for absolute tuning, but this ability has limited generalizability to more ecologically valid musical contexts that contain relative pitch changes.
Effects of (non)deceptive placebos on reported sleep quality and food cue reactivity
Authors: Potthoff Jonas , Schienle Anne
Published: May 2023

Background: A lack of sleep can increase appetite, particularly for high-calorie food. The current study tested the effects of an open-label placebo (OLP) for improving sleep quality and reducing food cue reactivity. In OLP interventions, placebo recipients are informed that they are receiving a placebo without a pharmacologically active substance.Method: Participants (n = 150) were randomly allocated to one of three groups that received either an OLP to improve sleep quality, a deceptive placebo ('melatonin'), or no placebo. The placebo was administered daily before bedtime for one week. Sleep quality and reactivity to high-calorie food cues (appetite, visual attention to food images) were assessed.Results: The deceptive placebo (but not the OLP) reduced reported sleep onset latency. The OLP had none of the intended effects and even undesireable effects on sleep duration and sleep efficiency. The placebo interventions did not affect food cue reactivity.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that OLPs do not present an alternative to deceptive placebos for improving sleep quality. The undesirable OLP effects found warrant further exploration.
Taking algorithmic (vs. human) advice reveals different goals to others
Authors: Efendic Emir , van de Calseyde Philippe , Bahník Štěpán , Vranka Marek Albert
Published: May 2023

People are increasingly likely to obtain advice from algorithms. But what does taking advice from an algorithm (as opposed to a human) reveal to others about the advice seekers’ goals? In five studies (total N = 1927), we find that observers attribute the primary goal that an algorithm is designed to pursue in a situation to advice seekers. As a result, when explaining advice seekers’ subsequent behaviors and decisions, primarily this goal is taken into account, leaving less room for other possible motives that could account for people's actions. Such secondary goals are, however, more readily taken into account when (the same) advice comes from human advisors, leading to different judgments about advice seekers’ motives. Specifically, advice seekers’ goals were perceived differently in terms of fairness, profit-seeking, and prosociality depending on whether the obtained advice came from an algorithm or another human. We find that these differences are in part guided by the different expectations people have of the type of information that algorithmic- vs. human advisors take into account when making their recommendations. The presented work has implications for (algorithmic) fairness perceptions and human-computer interaction.
Psychoeducation Tensor as Cognitive Architecture for RDoC
Authors: Sheppard Joseph Zalman
Published: May 2023

This is a companion poster for the preprint article entitled "Psychoeducation Tensor Framework as a Cognitive Architecture for the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Framework." Article Abstract: The psychoeducation tensor (PET) framework integrates a thorough array of cognitive theoretical models into a single minimalist 4x4 matrix essential symmetry of cognition that internally mirrors the Metric tensor. The PET framework was developed as a core organizational cognitive architecture for the National Institute of Mental Health’s (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) nosology framework. Therefore, PET framework was designed to help reduce psychological distress and mental perplexity via psychoeducation. This article describes clinical conditions associated with the DSM-5 TR with the use of non-deficit language to minimize stigmatizing language.
Talking to friends: Quality of the conversations, laughter, and wellbeing in students of Latinx and European Heritage
Authors: Ramirez-Esparza Nairan , Jiang Shu , Skoe Erika , Garcia-Sierra Adrian
Published: May 2023

In this investigation we extend and replicate previous findings from Author and colleagues (2019) that mothers of Latinx heritage laugh more than mothers of European heritage during their interactions, especially when they have conversations of quality. The authors argued that having conversations of quality may contribute to Latinx’s overall wellbeing. The current study aimed to empirically test this idea. Specifically, we expand upon previous findings by answering the questions: Does a higher proportion of Latinx’s laughter reflect a higher subjective wellbeing? Is there a relation between the quality of Latinx’ conversations and subjective wellbeing? Students of Latinx heritage (SLH: N = 31) and a comparison group of students of European heritage (SEH: N = 43) wore the LENA digital recorder for two days. Laughter and the quality of conversations (substantive vs. small talk) with friends were identified from the recordings. Participants reported their levels of satisfaction with life and depressive symptoms. No statistically significant association was found between laughter and subjective wellbeing for either group. Furthermore, for SEH, having proportionally more small talk with friends was associated with better wellbeing, whereas, for SLH, small talk with friends was negatively associated with wellbeing. Our study replicated previous findings that having substantive conversations with friends mediate the association between being Latinx and laughter, such that having more substantive conversations with friends led to more laughter. Finally, no differences in ethnicity were found for wellbeing. Findings are discussed through the lens of cultural frameworks.
Resource-rational contractualism: A triple theory of moral cognition
Authors: Levine Sydney , Chater Nick , Tenenbaum Joshua , Cushman Fiery Andrews
Published: May 2023

It is widely agreed upon that morality guides people with conflicting interests towards agreements of mutual benefit. We therefore might expect numerous proposals for organizing human moral cognition around the logic of bargaining, negotiation, and agreement. Yet, while “contractualist” ideas play an important role in moral philosophy, they are starkly underrepresented in the field of moral psychology. From a contractualist perspective, ideal moral judgments are those that would be agreed to by rational bargaining agents—an idea with wide-spread support in philosophy, psychology, economics, biology, and cultural evolution. As a practical matter, however, investing time and effort in negotiating every interpersonal interaction is unfeasible. Instead, we propose, people use abstractions and heuristics to efficiently identify mutually beneficial arrangements. We argue that many well-studied elements of our moral minds, such as reasoning about others’ utilities (“consequentialist” reasoning) or evaluating intrinsic ethical properties of certain actions (“deontological” reasoning), can be naturally understood as resource-rational approximations of a contractualist ideal. Moreover, this view explains the flexibility of our moral minds—how our moral rules and standards get created, updated and overridden and how we deal with novel cases we have never seen before. Thus, the apparently fragmentary nature of our moral psychology—commonly described in terms of systems in conflict—can be largely unified around the principle of finding mutually beneficial agreements under resource constraint. Our resulting “triple theory” of moral cognition naturally integrates contractualist, consequentialist and deontological concerns.
The use of pupillometry to study mental demand during speech production in noise
Authors: Ishikawa Keiko , Coster Elisabeth , Li Hannah , Orbelo Diana
Published: May 2023

Understanding the cognitive demand required for implementing speech therapy techniques in real-world environments has significant clinical implications. This study used self-rating and pupillometry to investigate the mental demand associated with speaking differently in various noise conditions. Five speakers with healthy voices read aloud in casual and clear speech in quiet conditions and while listening to multi-talker (MT) noise, reversed two-talker (RevMT) noise, and speech-shaped (SS) noise. The speakers rated their perceived mental demand after each task using a modified NASA-TLX scale, while the change in their pupil size was monitored using an eye tracker. The results of this self-rating revealed that mental demand was highest in the MT noise condition, followed by RevMT noise. In contrast, SS noise did not significantly increase mental demand. Pupillometry data showed that the pupil dilation was greatest for the MT noise, for both casual and clear speech, corroborating the self-rating data. Interestingly, the dilation for clear speech was greater than for casual speech in quiet, but less in RevMT and SS noises. These findings illustrate a complex interaction between speech modification and acoustic environments and suggest the potential of pupillometry as an objective measure for quantifying mental demand in speech production.
Arbeiten mit Endometriose
Authors: Cook Alexandra , Zill Alexander
Published: May 2023

Der folgende Bericht fasst die Ergebnisse einer querschnittlichen Online-Fragebogenstudie unter 467 deutschen Arbeitnehmer*innen mit chronischen Erkrankungen aus dem Jahr 2023 zusammen. Der Fokus lag auf der Analyse der Unterschiede zwischen Arbeitnehmer*innen mit einer Endometriose-Diagnose (N = 190) und Arbeitnehmer*innen mit anderen (physischen und psychischen) chronischen Erkrankungen (N = 277). Wir fanden keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede bezüglich der wahrgenommenen Arbeitsanforderungen, der persönlichen Ressourcen, (arbeitsbezogene Selbstwirksamkeit), der wahrgenommenen Führungsqualität der/des Vorgesetzten oder der erlebten Stigmatisierung am Arbeitsplatz. Arbeitnehmer*innen mit Endometriose nahmen geringere arbeitsbezogene Ressourcen (organisationale Unterstützung, Entscheidungsspielraum bzgl. Pausen), geringere Erkrankungsorientierung ihrer Führungskraft, geringere Vereinbarkeit von Arbeit und Privatleben bzw. Erkrankungsmanagement war. Teilnehmende mit Endometriose berichteten von signifikant höherer antizipierten Stigmatisierung, gaben signifikant mehr Präsentismus an, und zeigten mehr Burnout, Probleme bei der Erholung von der Arbeit, und geringere Arbeitszufriedenheit. Zusätzlich fanden wir Unterschiede in der Wahrnehmung spezifischer organisationaler Unterstützung für Mitarbeitende mit chronischen Erkrankungen. Teilnehmende mit Endometriose berichteten von signifikant weniger Angeboten, Rücksichtnahme auf die Bedürfnisse von Mitarbeitenden mit chronischen Erkrankungen und spezifischen Fortbildungen für Führungskräfte.
The Relationship Between Music Preferences and Adolescent Social Relationships: A Correlational Study
Authors: Francesca
Published: May 2023

This study explores the potential correlation between adolescent social relationships and music preferences. The research aims to examine whether certain types of music preferences are associated with different social relationships during adolescence. To achieve this, a survey was conducted among a sample of adolescents aged between 13 to 18 years old. The results of the study suggest that there is a significant correlation between music preferences and social relationships among adolescents. These findings have important implications for understanding the role of music in adolescent social development and could be used to inform music-based interventions aimed at promoting positive social relationships among adolescents.
Revitalization at a Distance: Engaging Digital Archives for Language Reclamation
Authors: Bowern Claire
Published: May 2023

Many languages of the world are endangered, and many communities are interested in language work with linguists. What types of projects can be done with remote collaboration? How can remote collaborations benefit both communities and linguists? And, since remote collaborations cannot ever replace in person language reclamation and revitalization, how can remote collaborations proceed without taking time away from the vital work that is done in person?In this chapter, we describe collaborative work in progress on reclamation projects between Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Australia and the Chirila project. These projects were created in response to a need for language work that was responsive to community needs in different regions of Australia, but where the work could also be done remotely: that is, aiding reclamation work without taking attention away from local collaborations within families or schools. Such work does not in any way replace language work on the ground, and community–internal language work, but it can augment existing projects and continue connections while we cannot meet in person, as well as provide undergraduate linguistics students with in-depth training in language documentation.
Decolonizing Historical Linguistics in the Classroom and Beyond
Authors: Bowern Claire , Dockum Rikker
Published: May 2023

The study of language variation and change is both one of the oldest areas of the scientific study of language, and one of the most global. Its origins (in European traditions) are steeped in Empire and colonialism. Yet it is also an important way to study relationships and dynamics between language and society. It also contributes crucial insights from linguistics towards an understanding of how racialist attitudes have been developed and justified by language.In this chapter, we discuss our experiences in decolonizing our historical and introductory linguistics classes, as white instructors at two predominantly white institutions (PWIs) on the USA’s East Coast, and we give examples of some activities that we used. We use this as a case of how (and why) to improve the teaching of disciplines which have been thought to be “too hard” to decolonize, and as a chance to think through issues and approaches.
Step-gap in Upward Support Regarding Biological Relatedness and Childhood Co-residence Duration
Authors: Hämäläinen Hans , Tanskanen Antti O , Pettay Jenni , Danielsbacka Mirkka
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesThis study investigated the differences between the biological and stepfamily members (step-gap) regarding upward support from adult children to their biological parents and stepparents. We examined (i) whether adult children provide more support to their biological than stepparents, (ii) whether the childhood co-residence duration is associated with the support given to stepparents, and (iii) whether increased length of co-residence diminishes the step-gap in the provided support. MethodsThe data was drawn from the second wave of German Family Panel (pairfam). Upward support was indicated by using three different measures, namely, financial, practical, and emotional support provided by adult children to their biological parents and stepparents. A multiple regression with multiple responses analyses was conducted to detect the potential differences regarding upward support.ResultsMore support was channeled toward the biological parents than the stepparents. Moreover, the childhood and adolescence co-residence duration was positively associated with the frequency of support provided toward the stepparents. Finally, an increased childhood co-residence duration decreased the step-gap in upward support; nevertheless, this was not fully eliminated.DiscussionThe findings showed that stepparents are in a more disadvantaged position than the biological ones regarding receiving support from their adult children. In the context of a high old-age dependency ratio, it is important to recognize that stepparents may not have the opportunity to receive adequate support from their families as compared to individuals with biological children.
Early versus late decompressive craniectomy in large middle cerebral arterial infarct- A stitch in time saves nine
Authors: Degaonkar Amol Vijay , Gupta Vijay Kumar , Carvalho Ajay Sebastian , Sareen Rateesh
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The etiology of malignant MCA infarctions is mostly due to thrombosis or embolic occlusion of either the internal carotid artery or the proximal MCA. The cornerstone of ischemic stroke diagnosis remains the history and neurological examination. A prospective study to compare outcome of early verses late decompression craniotomy was done at a tertiary care hospital in India.
Materials and methods: A prospective observational study in the neurosurgical department of a tertiary care hospital of India, for a period of 3 years from 2018-2021. A total of 30 patients (15 each for early and late decompressive craniectomy respectively) were included in study after fulfilling inclusion criteria. The patients were followed up for next 6 months with  neuro examination and score making  done after every 1 month, 3 months and 6 months of-decompressive craniotomy. To find the significance between early and late group of patients we have used 2 independent sample t-test for age. For MRS and Barthal index at 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month, Hospital stay we have used Mann-Whitney U test (Non-parametric test) because the data type is ordinal or not following normal  Distribution/ skewed. All statistical test performed at 5% level of significance so the p-value < 0.05 considered as significant.
Results: The majority of patients were male in both the groups – early group 9 (60%) and late group 12 (80%). The mean age group for early and late groups was 44.07 and 42.87 years respectively. The comparison of MRS score in early and late group was not statistically significant at 1st month of follow up, however it showed significant difference at 2nd and 6th month respectively. MRS score with respect to affected side, in both the early and late group showed statistically significant difference at 6 months of follow up respectively. The Barthel index with respect to affected side showed significant difference in early group whereas in the late group significant difference was seen at 6th month of follow up only. The outcome of patients was not affected by side of involvement in both groups early as well as late. The mean hospital stay in early group was 14.8 days in comparison to late group where it was 42.47 days.
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that early surgical intervention for decompression craniectomy in cases of MCA infarct have better outcome than late intervention with shorter hospital stay better functional outcome at discharge and 6 months post discharge.
Copyright Protection of Podcast-Based Audiobooks Adapted by Third Party Without Permission on Digital Platform Based on Indonesian Positive Law
Authors: Khairunnisa Salma Alifya , Permata Rika Ratna , Sudaryat Sudaryat
Published: May 2023

Podcasts are basically digital audio content that is much loved by the public and audiobooks become one of the contents that have recently been incorporated into podcast content on a digital platform. The presence of this podcast-based audiobook raises a new problem in copyright related to its adaptation. This study aims to examine legal protection regarding podcast-based audiobooks from the perspective of copyright based on Indonesian Copyright Law and ITE Law. Furthermore, this study was also conducted to analyze the act of adapting books into podcast-based audiobooks on a digital platform carried out by content creators without the permission of the creators or copyright holders. This study uses normative juridical approach with descriptive specifications. The normative juridical approach is carried out by exploring legal theories and principles as well as applicable laws and regulations. This study describes legal problems that occur in society and is analyzed based on the applicable laws and regulations. The result of the study shows that copyright protection for podcast-based audiobook content has been regulated in several articles in the Copyright Law, including Article 40 paragraph (1) and Article 9 paragraph (1) regarding the right to adapt a creation. In addition, the act of adapting and uploading without permits made by content creators on a digital platform is considered to have violated the provisions of Article 9 of the Copyright Law and Article 25 of the ITE Law.
Investigating Students’ Understanding of Complex Number and Its Relation to Algebraic Group Using and APOS Theory
Authors: Longe Idowu Oluwaseun , Maharaj Aneshkumar
Published: May 2023

This study focused on students’ inability to correctly use psychometric tests applied for complex numbers in the context of generating an Algebraic abelian group (closure, commutative, associatively, inverse, and identity). This was done using a psychometric test (Kuder and Richardson formula) and APOS Theory after they had been taught the relevant content. The 41 participants were second-year students in the Department of Statistics at the Federal Polytechnic Ile-Oluji. They were given a class test comprising eleven (11) objective questions, and 4 questions relating to group theory were extracted for this analysis. After that, six (6) students were interviewed to gain insight into their perspectives. It was observed that most of the students had difficulty understanding the concept of algebraic groups about complex numbers, founded on not seeing the relevance in the prerequisite knowledge of an algebraic group. Also, if the reliability test of the question is unacceptable, then a good percentage of the participant lacked the mental construction relating to APOS to answer such a question.  

Keywords: Complex Number, Algebraic group, Prerequisite, Difficulty, Discrimination index, Psychometrics.
Rheumatic Carditis Presented with Only Palpitation
Authors: ASLAN Eyüp , KARADENİZ Cem
Published: May 2023

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) remains a serious problem for public health, and it is common in developing countries. It has a wide range of presentation and in some settings it can appear a dramatic event. Various rhythm problems such as first, second and third-degree atrioventricular blocks, premature contractions, accelerated junctional rhythm, ventricular tachycardia, and Torsades de pointes may occur during the acute stage of the disease.

We report a case of narrow QRS tachycardia in whom a palpitation was the only symptom of rheumatic carditis. The tachycardia returns to normal after the disease becomes inactive with acetylsalicylic acid treatment.
DAKWAH STRATEGY IN SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Adisaputro Sony Eko , Sutamaji Sutamaji
Published: May 2023

Da'wah is the obligation of every Muslim that must be carried out continuously, with the ultimate aim of changing human behavior based on correct knowledge and attitudes. Starting from the presence of the Prophet Muhammad SAW who was sent to earth and began his preaching for the first time. Until now, da'wah activities are still being carried out, because da'wah is a mandate for every Muslim in continuing the noble duties of the Prophet Muhammad. Da'wah activities are often interpreted in a narrow sense. Along with the times, in the 21st century there has been a globalization syndrome. The first is marked by the entry of technology which is then followed by the use of the internet and its various applications. Social media (social network) is a continuation of the flow of globalization that entered the virtual world.