bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experience in Organizin IPMITE events in the Conditions of Distance Learning
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Dobryninа Tatiana Nikolaevna , Zhuikova Larisa Petrovna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: March 2022

The article discusses the features of the organization of the educational process of students of a pedagogical university during the period of distance learning. The difficulties and limitations faced by the teachers are considered. The tasks of the implementation of the educational process in a pedagogical university in this period are presented. The purpose of the article is to present the experience of teaching and educating students, taking into account the possibilities and limitations of distance technologies at the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, from the position of a systematic approach. Methodology. The research was carried out within the framework of the implementation of pedagogical years of practice and the organization of educational online events for graduates of IPMITE. We have identified the problems of students: educational level related to the level of mastering the disciplines of the psychological and pedagogical block and general cultural disciplines; insufficient integration of interdisciplinary connections among students; problems of a personal nature: students’ lack of confidence in their own pedagogical powers and creativity, a tendency to algorithmization; problems of self-discipline and activity. In conclusion, it is concluded that the current stage of training future teachers requires the creation of integrated courses for students, for testing and updating digital technologies in the educational process of the university; to reveal the problems of using psychological and pedagogical tools in a virtual environment, problems of psychological and pedagogical safety support.
PR-Message Analysis as a New Method for the Quantitative and Qualitative Communication Campaign Study
Authors: Zakharchenko Artem
Published: March 2022

Communication practitioners often seek fast quantitative and qualitative analysis of the information campaign outcomes in the media space. Such analysis is required by PR departments of commercial brands, by political technologists, and by experts in information wars and ideology.

A new approach for the analysis of information campaign outcomes is introduced in this paper. Using PR messages as a category for analysis of media coverage of information campaigns provides a framework for credible efficiency evaluation, as well as for the deep analysis of the factors contributing to achievements or failures. This method allows the campaign organizers to understand what message it is better to disseminate in the media. In other words, through the messages of what kind the opinion of the campaign initiator or their opponents is conveyed to the media audience more effectively.

We consider a message to be a judgment in which an object or predicate relates to the substance of the information campaign. Using it as a category for analysis and several types of the message as subcategories of analysis allows us to combine qualitative and quantitative approaches and, at the same time, avoid many restrictions of content analysis, discourse analysis, and narrative analysis.

We show how the method works on the example of the failed information campaign that promoted a lobbyist and populist bill in the Ukrainian parliament. We showed that only our method could explain the reasons for its failure and provide the best way to improve the communication.
THE BIBLICAL INTERTEXTUALITY OF THE EPIGRAPH TO F. M. DOSTOEVSKY’S NOVEL “THE BROTHERS KARAMAZOV”
Authors: Kroó Katalin
Published: March 2022

The problem of biblical citation posed in this article relates to a well-known field of research in Dostoevsky studies, in which there are outstanding achievements. A peculiar approach to the proposed topic is offered within the framework of this paper. The subject of the study is the epigraph to the novel “The Brothers Karamazov”. The first special feature of the interpretation of its biblical intertextuality is connected with the clarification of the multidimensional function of Dostoevsky’s introduction to the said novel. The three key “hermeneutic” motifs of “The Grand Inquisitor”, namely, Mistery, Miracle and Authority, are revealed in the author’s preface. They allow to see the complexity of the “prophecy,” a premonition that concerns the future of the novel, its main character and the reader's reception. The semanticization of time within the limits of “pre-” and “post-” determines the interpretation of the biblical intertextuality of the epigraph, the idea of which in its first discursive appearance is integrated with the author’s preface, rather than with the novel in its entirety. The “pre-word” and “post-word” in the epigraph also act as metatextual motifs, due to the fact that not only certain passages from the New Testament are parallelized in the biblical intertextual space, but they are also linked with the Old Testament. The second characteristic feature of understanding the epigraph’s biblical citation is the unification of different components of the created intertextual space. The main object of study is the motif of word; a wide range of its semantics is examined, i.e., in the context of adoring praise and glorification, in the light of successive mutual transformations of auditory and visual elements of communication, perception of the world and shifts of subjects, in the perspective of the chronotopic systematicity of prophecy, in the projection of the word on the time axis as the first and repeated word (in the “pre” and “post” positions). The aspects of initiation, mediation and continuation of the word, as well as the problem of changing the status of primacy and secondariness, are emphasized in the interpretation of time. As a result, the biblical intertextuality in the epigraph, together with the author’s preface, lead to the ontologization of time both in the personal plot (a person’s inner growth) and in the metaphysical (faith-related) meaning, and, not least, in Dostoevsky’s conceptualization of textual self-reflexivity in the Bible.
THE CONCEPT OF LOVE AND THE FORMS OF ITS EMBODIMENT IN THE NOVEL BY F. M. DOSTOEVSKY “THE IDIOT”
Authors: Skulkin Artyom
Published: March 2022

In the article, the concept of love, embodied in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Idiot,” is considered from the point of view of three religious and philosophical types of love identified by V. S. Solovyov, namely, ascending love (amor ascendens), descending love (amor descendens) and balanced love (amor aequalis). This approach allows not only to conceptualize the forms of manifestation of love in “The Idiot” in the context of V. S. Solovyov’s thoughts, but also to identify the readers’ tradition of adequate perception of Dostoevsky's work, associated with the mental and spiritual atmosphere of the era. Seeing the meanings of the novel through the “eyes” of V. S. Solovyov allows to outline the national value code of reading. Each type of love designated by the philosopher in Dostoevsky's novel corresponds to descending love (amor descendens), embodied in parental love (Lizaveta Prokofievna and Ardalion Alexandrovich), sacrificial love (Nastasya Filippovna Barashkina) and Christian love (Lev Nikolaevich Myshkin). The manifestations of selfless children's love (Swiss children) and passionate love (Parfyon Rogozhin) became forms of embodiment of ascending love (amor ascendens). The forms of embodiment of balanced love (amor aequalis) include “brotherly” love (Epanchiny sisters: Aglaya, Adelaide, Anastasia). However, the love of God is the highest form of love in hierarchy (which includes all others), the effective power of which begins with faith: therefore, it is no coincidence that the episode with the painting by Hans Holbein the Younger “Dead Christ in the Tomb” becomes the meaning-generating theoanthropic center of “The Idiot.”
Safety Assessment of Questionable Food Additives in the Halal Food Certification: A Review
Authors: Mariyam Siti , Bilgic Huseyin , Rietjens Ivonne M.C.M. , Susanti Devi Yuni
Published: March 2022

Food additive demand was increased due to the higher need for long-lasting and ready-to-eat food. Some food ingredients are concerned about their halal status due to the source of ingredients and technology processes. Halal is not only related to the religious motif but also the food’s integrity. This research aims to describe the scientific relevance of some questionable food additives in halal food certification in HFFIA (Halal Feed and Food Inspection Authority). The ingredients of food that have unclear halal status were subjected in this study. Literature reviews from some scientific sources for relevant papers in English were used to understand the suspected food additive. Food safety is included of certification process; it is essential for certificate application and verification procedures requirement. Food additives are used at food industry to enhance food quality. Some food additives have questionable halal status because of their principal ingredients. According to this study, those food additives were found in the screening process. The plant-based ingredients are good alternatives to ensure the halal status of those food additives. Also, the use of raw materials and processing aids from halal-approved origins and suitable processing technologies will provide the halal status and give the trustworthy among consumers. This review may serve as a basis for using food additives considering halal not only for further research but also for food industry.
Sustainability of Cultural Identity of Ex-Adherents Kawula Warga Naluri of 1966-1971 in Banjarnegara, Indonesia
Authors: Sulani Puji , Wibowo Priyanto , Muas Tuty Nur Mutia Enoch
Published: March 2022

This article describes the interaction between the structure and agency of ex-adherent of Kawula Warga Naluri in Banjarnegara District to maintain cultural identity and fight against the stereotype of "belum beragama" (does not belong to any religion) after the September 30th Movement incident in 1965. This article is a study of social history carried out through stages according to the rules of the historical method. The historical sources used are oral, namely historical actors and witnesses combined with written sources. Data obtained were analysed and interpreted using the structuration theory adopted from Giddens. This article produces an explanation of the reciprocal relationship between the structure of religious rules and socio-political conditions with the choice of Buddha Dharma as the religion of ex-adherent of Kawula Warga Naluri. The choice of Buddha Dharma is a form of rejection of the stereotype of "belum beragama" adherence to religious rules and persistence of cultural identity. In adapting to the Buddha Dharma, the ex-adherent of Kawula Warga Naluri face suspicious attitudes from the local government. The ex-adherent of Kawula Warga Naluri responds to this attitude in an accommodative and moderate manner. This article concludes that there is an interaction between structure and the act of disbanding, application of religious obligations, and the defense of cultural identity through Buddha Dharma by ex-adherent of Kawula Warga Naluri.
The Ulama’s Classical Works in Six Pesantren in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Yani Zulkarnain , Hakam Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Ulama have a big role in the life of a plural society. In their efforts, achievements in education, politics, socio-economy, and others have been completed. These attainments were not separate from the role of ulama or kyai who wrote books or kitab to be used as teaching materials in Islamic boarding schools, pesantren, or religious assembly, teaching, in the community. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach and data were collected using documentation studies and interviews. This study was conducted in six pesantren in Bandung. There are 39 works of the pesantren ulama with various studies such as Islamic jurisprudence, Sufism, theology, Arabic grammar, hadith, Arabic morphology, astronomy, and Sufi path. The results are hoped to enrich the knowledge and literature about the various works of pesantren ulama in Bandung area from the 19th – 20th century which have not been known by the public so far and to give characteristic that is specific to the knowledge in the pesantren. In addition, this article can be an entry point for other researchers to conduct a more in-depth study of the contents of the ulama’s works.
Development of mathematical description of mechanical characteristics of integrated multi-motor electric drive for drying plant
Authors: Issenov Sultanbek , Iskakov Ruslan , Tergemes Kazhybek , Issenov Zhanat
Published: March 2022

More than 60 % of electric energy in industry and agriculture is consumed by an electric drive. In a number of production mechanisms, machines and aggregates of various industries, synchronous rotation of several electric motors connected to each other mechanically, electrically or technologically is needed. This requires the use of more complex methods of controlling electromechanical systems, since two or more electric motors must work in concert for one load, which, in turn, entails the use of a new element base, power and control, allowing to implement these technological cycles of work.
The object of research is a three-motor electromechanical system interconnected and operating according to the “electric working shaft” (EWS) system. The main fundamental difference from earlier works is that they consider a system of coordinated rotation of only two asynchronous motors, respectively, only one misalignment angle between two asynchronous motors was taken into account. At the same time, the conclusions of the moments and currents of the motors were significantly simplified.
In the proposed study, the number of consistently (synchronously) rotating motors from three and above is taken into consideration. In this case, the number of misalignment angles is assumed to be equal to the number of engines, that is, three involved in rotation.
The analytical expressions of the basic electromechanical relations of the “electric working shaft” system with the regulation of the supply voltage are developed. A method is proposed for calculating the statistical characteristics of the regulated EWS system, which is easy to use and allows calculations in a wide range of rotor misalignment angles at various engine loads
Deep learning-based iraqi banknotes classification system for blind people
Authors: Awad Sohaib Rajab , Sharef Baraa T. , Salih Abdulkreem M. , Malallah Fahad Layth
Published: March 2022

Modern systems have been focusing on improving the quality of life for people. Hence, new technologies and systems are currently utilized extensively in different sectors of our societies, such as education and medicine. One of the medical applications is using computer vision technology to help blind people in their daily endeavors and reduce their frequent dependence on their close people and also create a state of independence for visually impaired people in conducting daily financial operations. Motivated by this fact, the work concentrates on assisting the visually impaired to distinguish among Iraqi banknotes. In essence, we employ computer vision in conjunction with Deep Learning algorithms to build a multiclass classification model for classifying the banknotes. This system will produce specific vocal commands that are equivalent to the categorized banknote image, and then inform the visually impaired people of the denomination of each banknote. To classify the Iraqi banknotes, it is important to know that they have two sides: the Arabic side and the English side, which is considered one of the important issues for human-computer interaction (HCI) in constructing the classification model. In this paper, we use a database, which comprises 3,961 image samples of the seven Iraqi paper currency categories. Furthermore, a nineteen layers Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is trained using this database in order to distinguish among the denominations of the banknotes. Finally, the developed system has exhibited an accuracy of 98.6 %, which proves the feasibility of the proposed model.
Devising a method for the interactive arrangement of structural elements of men’s jacket models
Authors: Slavinska Alla , Matiukh Serhii , Mytsa Viktoriia , Syrotenko Oksana , Dombrovska Oksana
Published: March 2022

This paper has established that one of the directions to correct a designer’s idea is the close relationship between the metric characteristics of a model and the dynamics of updating the shape structure. The need to convolute information about model varieties of a men’s jacket is due to the cyclical nature of fashion. Regression analysis of this study’s results has confirmed the impact of the accumulation of quantitative changes in style attributes on the transition to qualitative changes in shape over 15 years. The periodic repeatability of the five-seam design of a men’s jacket as a typical representative indicates the possibility of using clusters of standard elements. Correlation analysis of the update of mobile attributes (an increase along the waistline and the lapel width) confirms a high level of connection with the silhouette characteristic.
Information and analytical material for encoding classification features of the functional components of model designs for an industrial product range collection has been formed. A variant for convoluting the sets of classification features in the process of sampling sorting relative to the basic list of functional nodes has been proposed. The 24×24 compatibility matrix built makes it possible to apply the morphological box method to compare sample sets. The presence of uniformity of the average value of accumulated frequencies Kc.u.=0.72, Kt.u.=0.69 confirms the membership of the sample in the typological series. Having a common encoding system simplifies the selection of models from the internet-based product range collections.
The method of sorting the models-proposals of the resulting layout set has been confirmed by the validity coefficient Kv=0.71, which makes it possible to verify the perception of a jacket design as a typical representative of modern structure.
Practical recommendations have been compiled on grouping the records of industrial product range collection model codes into industrial series, which enable control over the launch of articles within the manufacturing process.
Establishing the influence of technical and technological parameters of milking equipment on the efficiency of machine milking
Authors: Aliiev Elchyn , Paliy Andriy , Kis Viktor , Paliy Anatoliy , Petrov Roman , Plyuta Larysa , Chekan Oleksandr , Musiienko Oleksii , Ukhovskyi Vitalii , Korniienko Leonid
Published: March 2022

One of the tasks that imply increasing the milk productivity of cows is to create optimal maintenance conditions that ensure the increased use of the genetic potential of cattle based on the implementation of engineering and technological solutions.
A mathematical model has been built that links the technical and technological parameters of the vacuum system of milking equipment, namely, the value of the working vacuum P, the pulsation frequency n, the ratio of pulsation cycles, and the tension strength of milking rubber FH to cows’ milk yield rate V. The range of milking plant operating parameters for milking in the milk line has been determined, at which the milk yield rate is maximum: P=52 kPa, n=57.6–58.8 min–1, δ=0.59–0.64, FH=59.3–60.4 H. Under these parameters, the milk yield rate is V=1.48–1.53 l/min.
The results of the multifactor experiment have helped construct an adequate mathematical model of the second order, which confirms the theoretical dependence of the influence of the technical and technological parameters of the vacuum system of milking equipment on milk yield rate and the air flow of the milking machine. Analysis of the mathematical model has made it possible to establish the rational structural and technological parameters for the vacuum system of a milking machine: the value of the working vacuum, P=50.6 kPa; pulsation frequency, n=55.9 min–1, the ratio of pulsation cycles and the tension force of milking rubber FH=64.8 H. Under these parameters, the milk yield rate is maximum: V=1.47–1.52 l/min; the air flow consumption of the milking machine is Q=2.19 m3/h.
The mathematical model built fully reveals the influence of technical and technological parameters of milking equipment on the efficiency of machine milking. Owing to this, the issue related to the rational choice of equipment is resolved.
Determining the effect of reinforcing a cement-concrete coating of bridges on the stressed-strained state of structures
Authors: Gameliak Igor , Dmytrychenko Andrew , Tsybulskyi Vitalii , Kharchenko Anna
Published: March 2022

This paper reports a study of the cement-concrete coating on bridges using FRP reinforcement. That has made it possible to design optimal structures by selecting the height for reinforcement arrangement in the layers of a roadbed in order to ensure strength characteristics.
An engineering method for calculating a hard roadbed with composite reinforcement has been devised, which makes it possible to take into consideration its work both in a joint package of the structure with a slab and separately – when it exfoliates from the slab of the bridge's span structure. Underlying this research are effort-determining methods, estimation dependences from the theory of bending layered structures, as well as dependences from elasticity theory to assess the strength of materials for a roadbed. The consideration of shear strains when designing slabs has helped establish that the deflections according to the devises method were 1.4 times larger than those in the classical approach.
The method was tested by a numerical experiment, which confirmed the need to use composite reinforcement in the upper layers of a road surface on bridges, which improves its durability by 1.2 times. The results of the numerical experiment indicate that the equivalent stresses in the lower layers of a free-moving roadbed were 2.91 MPa, and, when operating in a joint assembly with a slab, they took a negative value (–0.2 MPa).
Practical application of the devised calculation method makes it possible to determine the refined normal stresses in the layers of a roadbed, taking into consideration the characteristics of structure operation. Owing to this, additional opportunities open up for calculating the roadbeds of bridges whose design utilizes the most common types of span structures in the bridge industry.
Analyzing the accuracy of detecting steganograms formed by adaptive steganographic methods when using artificial neural networks
Authors: Progonov Dmytro , Yarysh Mariia
Published: March 2022

This paper reports a comparative analysis of accuracy in the detection of steganograms formed according to adaptive steganographic methods, using steganography detectors based on common and specialized types of artificial neural networks. The results of the review of modern convolutional neural networks applied for the tasks of digital image stegoanalysis have established that the accuracy of operating the steganography detectors based on these networks is significantly compromised when processing image packets characterized by a significant variability of statistical parameters.
The performance accuracy of steganography detectors based on the modern statistical model of container images maxSRMd2 has been investigated, as well as on the latest convolutional and «hybrid» artificial neural networks, in particular, GB-Ras and ASSAF networks, when detecting steganograms formed according to the adaptive steganographic methods HUGO and MiPOD. It was established that the use of the statistical model maxSRMd2 makes it possible to significantly (up to 30 %) improve the accuracy of steganogram detection in the case of analyzing those images that are characterized by a high level of natural noise. It was found that the use of the ASSAF network makes it possible to significantly (up to 35 %) reduce an error of steganogram detection compared to current steganography detectors based on the GB-Ras network and the maxSRMd2 statistical model. It was determined that the high accuracy of the ASSAF network-based steganography detector is maintained even in the most difficult case of image processing with high noise and poor filling of the container image with stegodata (less than 10 %).
The results reported here are of theoretical interest for designing high-precision steganography detectors capable of working under conditions of high variability in image parameters.
Development of compression algorithms for hyperspectral aerospace images based on discrete orthogonal transformations
Authors: Sarinova Assiya , Dunayev Pavel , Bekbayeva Aigul , Mekhtiyev Ali , Sarsikeyev Yermek
Published: March 2022

The work is devoted to the description of the development of compression algorithms for hyperspectral aerospace images based on discrete orthogonal transformations for the purpose of subsequent compression in Earth remote sensing systems. As compression algorithms necessary to reduce the amount of transmitted information, it is proposed to use the developed compression methods based on Walsh-Hadamard transformations and discrete-cosine transformation. The paper considers a methodology for developing lossy and high-quality compression algorithms during recovery of 85 % or more, taking into account which an adaptive algorithm for compressing hyperspectral AI and the generated quantization table have been developed. The existing solutions to the lossless compression problem for hyperspectral aerospace images are analyzed. Based on them, a compression algorithm is proposed taking into account inter-channel correlation and the Walsh-Hadamard transformation, characterized by data transformation with a decrease in the range of the initial values by forming a set of channel groups [10–15] with high intra-group correlation [0.9–1] of the corresponding pairs with the selection of optimal parameters. The results obtained in the course of the research allow us to determine the optimal parameters for compression: the results of the compression ratio indicators were improved by more than 30 % with an increase in the size of the parameter channels. This is due to the fact that the more values to be converted, the fewer bits are required to store them. The best values of the compression ratio [8–12] are achieved by choosing the number of channels in an ordered group with high correlation.
Improvement of refrigerating machine energy efficiency through radiative removal of condensation heat
Authors: Tsoy Alexandr , Titlov Oleksandr , Granovskiy Alexandr , Koretskiy Dmitriy , Vorobyova Olga , Tsoy Diana , Jamasheva Rita
Published: March 2022

In regions with a continental climate, refrigerators with air-cooled condensers operate at high condensation pressures during the summer season which reduces their efficiency and accelerates the wear of compressors. To reduce condensation pressure, it was proposed to use radiative cooling which is a way of heat removal through the planet's atmosphere to outer space in a form of infrared radiation. A refrigerating machine with an assembly of condensation heat removal including air and liquid cooling condensers connected in series has been developed. To reduce the condensation temperature, a pre-cooled heat-transfer agent is fed to the liquid cooling condenser during the day hours at high atmospheric temperatures. At night, the heat-transfer agent is cooled by radiative cooling.
An experimental study of the operation of a 600 W refrigerating machine including a sealed piston compressor was conducted. R134a refrigerant was used. Supply of pre-cooled heat-transfer agent at +33.1 °С has provided a reduction of condensation temperature from +47.0 to +39.1 °С. The study was conducted at an atmospheric air temperature of +38.0 °С. The degree of pressure growth was decreased by 30 %. The refrigeration coefficient was increased by 11 %. In comparison with the conventional scheme with an air-cooled condenser, energy consumption by the system did not change in the daytime.
The offered scheme of condensation heat removal reduces the pressure of condensation and provides stability for refrigerating machine operation. It can be used in stationary refrigerating machines at high daytime temperatures.
Exploratory study on innovation management in startups, an attempt to design it through the business model
Authors: Ousghir Sara , Daoud Miloud
Published: March 2022

Startups operate in markets where uncertainty is high. As a consequence, they must constantly adapt their Business Model (BM) to the needs and requirements of their stakeholders, leading to the adoption of more reactive and flexible management methods.
Innovation is predefined by the process of implementing the invention in the market. This requires the integration of: resources, competences, partners, tools and management methods allowing to create, propose and share value from an innovative BM.
This paper aims at citing the different methods of innovation management in startups in order to develop a combinatorial model linking the three approaches: Lean Startup, Effectuation and Design Thinking. By adopting an exploratory approach, we have designed this model that calls upon the different innovation management approaches that allow the successful creation, development and growth of startups.
Our empirical study focuses on the innovation management process in Moroccan startups. Thanks to the LaFactoryStartup incubator, we were able to select radically innovative startups. Four out of seven companies responded favorably to our request. For confidentiality reasons, we finally conducted interviews with four startups.
The four innovation phases developed (Idealization, Startup Product Design, Product Launch and Testing, Business Growth) are the main coding categories. We then defined sub-categories of coding resulting from an inductive mode of reflection from the empirical data collected.
Thanks to the inter-case and intra-case analysis, we were able to build a model of innovation management in startups integrating the three innovation methods: lean startup, effectuation and design thinking.
Optimization of garbage removal within a territorial community
Authors: Bihun Roman , Lytvyn Vasyl
Published: March 2022

This paper proposes an algorithm for optimizing the garbage collection route in a local community (or a separate settlement). The study was conducted for one garbage truck. To achieve the maximum efficiency of the algorithm, it has been assumed that the points of discharge of collected waste by a garbage truck could be arranged along the way between the proposed clusters of garbage collection points. The optimization of the built routes has been proven, taking into consideration the above assumptions. The study's results could be used to reduce the budget expenditures by territorial community authorities for the collection and disposal of waste. The reported solutions could significantly shorten the garbage collection time, which would improve the environmental and aesthetic situation within the study area. The use of a new algorithm makes it possible to display the results both in quantitative and qualitative forms.
An improved k-means algorithm with a maximum cluster size was selected for clustering. Each cluster was built on the basis of the maximal value of garbage truck tonnage. That means that the size of the cluster would be determined by the value of the maximum amount of waste that can be removed by a garbage truck in one run.
A task of the traveling salesman was applied to find the shortest path between representatives of one cluster (garbage collection points) calling at all its points and to establish the optimal path between all the clusters formed for a territorial community.
The issue related to efficient waste disposal in local communities tends to aggravate rapidly while the task to optimize garbage collection and removal is becoming increasingly acute. This is because at present, along with the increase in the global population, all types of production are increasing their volumes, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the amount of waste, in particular, household.
Optimizing the operation of charging self-generating resonant inverters
Authors: Pavlov Gennadiy , Obrubov Andrey , Vinnichenko Irina
Published: March 2022

This paper reports a study of the electromagnetic processes in self-generating resonant inverters, as well as the derivation of analytical dependences of their operating frequency on the parameters of the resonance circuit and positive feedback circuits, in order to expand the range of their output power and optimize their operation. The object of research is electromagnetic processes in resonant inverters, in which autogeneration of resonant current oscillations is carried out in the process of operation. The results of studying the electromagnetic processes in sequential self-generating resonant inverters based on the characteristics of the resonant circuit are presented. The operating modes of the inverters have been optimized by setting certain ratios between the operating and resonant frequencies at unstable circuit parameters. The ratio of operating and resonant frequencies is set through the use of phase-shifting filters in a positive feedback loop along the circuit current and correspond to the autogenerator mode. The conditions of self-generation in converters with a sequential resonant circuit have been determined. Mathematical expressions have been built for determining the coefficients of positive feedback on the current and voltage of the resonant circuit, which made it possible to derive target analytical dependences. Analytical dependences of the established operating frequency on the parameters of the circuit and phase-shifting filters have been established. Based on the obtained dependences, the parameters of the positive feedback circuits have been determined in order to ensure a wide range of output power of the converters. The resulting dependences make it possible to carry out theoretical calculations whose results repeat the results of model experiments. Phase characteristics of the resonance circuit and various phase-shifting filters, which can be part of a serial resonant converter, have been constructed. The results of the analysis reported here could be used in the design of resonant inverters with unstable circuit parameters, in particular in inductive chargers.
Optimization of resource-intensive dynamic systems with a continuous supply of raw materials according to the criterion of minimum use of reserves
Authors: Lutsenko Igor , Koval Svetlana , Oksanych Iryna , Shevchenko Igor
Published: March 2022

Optimization of production processes has always been one of the cornerstones for industrial enterprises seeking to improve productivity while minimizing the costs involved. A particularly difficult situation is when it is necessary to manage the process of the entire production chain with a continuous supply of raw materials. It is necessary to keep under control the actual production data, current production requirements, and adhere to the international strategy of energy saving.
This paper reports a devised optimal dynamic system with a continuous supply of raw materials, which automatically changes the control trajectory in order to reduce the amount of resources used. The theoretical scientific component is represented in the form of an interface model of the system, and the research results are represented in the form of time diagrams that show the verification of the proposed model.
The model provides for the interconnection of the chain of such developed dynamical systems, in which the continuity of the process is ensured by buffering systems, and the optimality of operation is enabled by adaptation mechanisms.
The time diagrams can demonstrate the interaction of systems and mechanisms that generate information signals through the port sections. At each subsequent control action, the process parameter changes were made within a set range. As a result of a targeted search for permissible controls, the system, driven by the adaptation mechanism, enabled a gradual reduction in the consumption of the energy product and stabilized the intensity of the target product being processed, which made it possible to subsequently avoid shutdowns and restarts of the production line and reduce overall production costs.
Improving the efficiency of finishing-hardening treatment of gas turbine engine blades
Authors: Pavlenko Dmytro , Kondratiuk Eduard , Torba Yuriy , Vyshnepolskyi Yevhen , Stepanov Dmytro
Published: March 2022

This paper considers the influence of the technology to finish and strengthen compressor blade tips made of EP718-ID alloy on the characteristics of the surface quality, surface layer, and bearing capacity. Taking into consideration the special role of the finishing-strengthening treatment in the formation of the quality of the surface layer, various options for blade tip processing were investigated. The blade tips were shaped by high-speed line milling. The finishing-strengthening stage of tip machining included manual polishing and ultrasonic hardening operations with steel balls in various combinations.
The basic regularities have been established in the formation of the roughness of tip surfaces, the maximum height of micro-irregularities, the surface microhardness, and the propagation depth of the hardened layer, depending on the combination of finishing-strengthening machining techniques. The results of tests are given for multi-cycle fatigue of blade batches treated according to various variants of the technological process. The efficiency of polishing the surface of the tip after strengthening treatment has been established. To restore the quality characteristics of the surface layer after polishing, it is proposed to perform repeated strengthening treatment. It is shown that the use of double deformation hardening technology with intermediate polishing at the finishing-strengthening stage of blade manufacturing makes it possible to increase the endurance limit from 320 MPa to 400 MPa while increasing durability. Technology for the finishing-strengthening stage of machining blades made from nickel alloys, characterized by significant viscosity, has been devised. It is shown that based on the criteria of minimum labor intensity of machining and maximum endurance of blades, it is effective to use double deformation hardening with steel balls in an ultrasonic field with intermediate polishing.
Coagulation treatment of effluent from milk-processing enterprises with waste FeSO4
Authors: Kurylets Oksana , Helesh Andriy , Vasiichuk Viktor , Znak Zenoviy , Romaniv Anna
Published: March 2022

As the world's population grows, the problem of food shortages becomes global, and, for human survival, it is necessary to significantly increase food production, which may increase environmental pollution.
This paper has theoretically and practically substantiated the expediency of coagulation treatment of wastewater from milk-processing enterprises. The coagulant proposed to use is a multi-tonnage waste from industrial enterprises, specifically technical ferrous sulfate.
It is shown that it is advisable to use the dairy effluent imitations based on milk powder for experimental studies.
The potentiometric titration of dairy effluent imitations has established the presence of two points (pH=4.2 and 8.3), which characterize the boundaries of the buffering capacity of solutions. The expediency of carrying out the process of coagulation of dairy effluents in a weakly alkaline environment at pH≥8.3 has been substantiated, and, for the starting effluent to reach such a pH value, a 10-% suspension of Са(ОН)2 should be used. The effectiveness of reagent treatment of dairy effluents has been experimentally confirmed, subject to the alternate introduction of a coagulant (technical FeSO4) and flocculant (polyacrylamide) in the quantities of 120 and 40 mg/dm3, respectively; the degree of clarification of dairy effluents is 90 % while the residual COC value is 76 mgO2/dm3.
It has been shown that when ultrasound was applied, it was possible to significantly reduce the interaction time and the amount of Са(ОН)2 suspension necessary to achieve pH≥8.3.
Thus, there are grounds to assert the prospects for devising highly effective technology for the coagulation treatment of wastewater from milk-processing enterprises; the results and conclusions reported here about the technological feasibility of using technical FeSO4 as a coagulant could be practically applied for other technologies of coagulation wastewater treatment, provided that its pH value is brought to 8.3.
Revealing the features of the composition of the walnut shell from the point of view of the possibility of its use in the food industry
Authors: Kizatova Marzhan , Sultanova Madina , Baikenov Alibek , Saduakas Aigerim , Akzhanov Nurtore
Published: March 2022

This paper considers ways of using walnut shells for food products. The study is based on three varieties of walnut as raw materials. Such physicochemical indicators as the shape, mass, thickness, kernel yield, fat, protein, ash, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and bioflavonoids have been investigated. The results showed that the walnut shell has a large, rounded, and round-ovoid shape. The weight of the shell ranges from 11.7 to 14.1 g, the thickness ‒ from 1.5 to 1.6 mm, the kernel yield ‒ from 45.7 to 48.8 %. The fat content ranges from 0.7 to 0.9 %, the protein content ‒ 2.4 to 2.5 %, the ash content ‒ from 1.6 to 1.7 %. The study of vitamins in the walnut shell showed that vitamin A is absent in the shell of all varieties of walnut. The content of the vitamin E ranges from 8.59 mg to 9.53 mg, the content of the vitamin C ‒ from 9.31 mg to 15.0 mg, and the content of β, carotene, ‒ from 0.053 to 0.070 mg. The studies have also shown a fairly rich amino acid composition of walnut shells. The results demonstrated that the shell of walnut contains a sufficient amount of daily intake of vitamins. The results of investigating mineral substances showed that the iodine content ranges from 5.52 μg to 14.81 μg, iron ‒ from 3.33 mg to 7.39 mg, and zinc ‒ from 3.1 mg to 6.9 mg. The content of quercetin in the shell of a walnut ranges from 0.945 mg to 1.51 mg, catechin ‒ from 2.46 mg to 12.07 mg, tannins ‒ from 611.32 mg to 805.62 mg. Based on the results of the analysis, it is planned in the future to devise technology for obtaining an extract that could be used as a food additive in a soft drink, enriching it with the missing nutritional components.
Investigation of the appearance and elimination of pinking coloration in white wines
Authors: Bilko Marina , Gunko Sergiy , Babych Iryna , Naumenko Oksana , Mukoid Roman , Ischenko Mykola , Doboniy Inna , Danylenko Svetlana , Bovkun Alla , Stotska Olena
Published: March 2022

Investigation of the appearance and elimination of “pinking” phenomenon in white wines is presented in the paper. Several factors that can cause pinking were analyzed: the degree of grapes ripeness and enzymatic treatment. The effect of fining agents based on polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) on the elimination of “pinking” was determined. It was proved that pinking in wines decreases with an increase in the sugar content in grape. This is explained by a decrease in the content of anthocyanins at the end of technical ripeness of grape. Experimental studies  confirmed that the use of pectolytic enzymes with cellulase, hemicellulase, β-glucanase activities increases the intensity of straw color and the appearance of body tones, but does not affect pinking. Such treatment contributed to a slight increase in the content of phenolic compounds in wine materials, but did not affect the content of anthocyanins and  “pinking” susceptibility. Treatment of wine materials with complex PVPP-based agents including sorbents and flocculants, is an effective way to eliminate the “pinking” phenomenon. This reduces “pinking” in wine materials from 70…90 % to 1…2 %. This is due to the presence of sorbents and flocculants in the fining agents, which react with phenolic substances that cause “pinking” in white wines, and remove them from the system. So, there are reasons to argue that processing grape at the end of technical ripeness will contribute to a lower “pinking” susceptibility of wine materials; pectolytic enzymes did not affect the appearance of this phenomenon in white wines, and PVPP-based fining agents together with bentonite, activated carbon, gelatin or casein, are an effective way to reduce the “pinking” susceptibility of wine.
Improving the accuracy and performance speed of the digital spectral-correlation method for measuring delay in radio signals and direction finding
Authors: Sabibolda Akezhan , Tsyporenko Vitaliy , Tsyporenko Valentyn , Smailov Nurzhigit , Zhunussov Kanat , Abdykadyrov Askar , Baigulbayeva Moldir , Duisenov Nurzak
Published: March 2022

A promising direction for the development of passive radar monitoring stations is to improve their efficiency by increasing their speed of performance. For the digital spectral-correlation method for determining the delay of radio signals and direction finding, analytical expressions have been derived for a variance of the estimation of the delay in receiving a signal by radio channels and directions to the source of radio emission. A feature of the method reported in this study is the use of two-stage temporal and spatial spectral analysis of the mutual spectrum, a single-iteration correlation analysis.
The duration of estimating the direction finding has been evaluated through the total number of multiplication operations with accumulation. The proposed method, while providing for a gain of 27 times in terms of performance speed, demonstrated a slight decrease in accuracy compared to the optimal one due to energy signal loss.
The result of the simulation has established the dependences of the standard deviation in the direction finding and delay estimates on the signal-to-noise ratio, the type of spectral analysis window, and the size of the antenna base.
The standard deviation of the direction-finding estimate depends on the signal-to-noise ratio and varies over the range of values [0.08; 0.034]° with a change in the signal/noise ratio [−10; 40] dB. As the signal/noise ratio increases, the error decreases in line with a hyperbolic dependence. The standard deviation of the delay estimate depends on the signal-to-noise ratio and varies similarly to the error of the directional estimate, and is in the range of values [18.176; 1.56] ns, which corresponds to an error of [0.637; 0.055] %. The error of direction-finding estimation, depending on the size of the antenna base, decreases in the exponent within [1.6; 0.03]° with an increase in the antenna base in the range from 200 to 7,500 m.
The results reported here could be used for the parametric optimization of spectral-correlation radio direction finders at passive radar monitoring stations.