bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MECHANISM OF THE ENHANCEMENT OF NEUTRON DIFFRACTION FROM KDP AND TGS CRYSTALS UNDER THE ACTION OF AN ELECTROSTATIC FIELD
Authors: XU ZHENG-YI  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this article, the mechanism of the enhancement of neutron diffraction from KDP and TGS crystals under the action of an electrostatic field is proposed. KDP and TGS are both proton conducting crystals. In the presence of an applied static voltage, an electric field is set up within the crystal with a certain spatial distribution. Because of the piezoelectric effect, the spacing of the reflecting crystallographic planes depends upon the spatial coordinates, thus the restriction for the angular range of neutron diffraction should be relaxed, and enhancement of neutron diffraction results. Treating the spacings of the crystallographie planes as a function of spatial coordinates, we have derived expressions for the neutron diffraction intensity in both the laue case and the Bragg case, and estimated the order of magnitude of enhancement of the neutron diffraction resulted from inhomogeneous piezoelectric effects. Good agreement with experiment is found. New experiments for further verification of this mechanism are suggested. By the way, we remark that the above mentioned mechanism is not the dominant one responsible for neutron diffraction enhancement observed in a-LiIO3 under the action of an electrostatic field. A possible micro-mechanism for a-LiIO3 may be that under the action of an inhomogeneous field, the defects assume a spatial distribution which results in inhomogeneity of spacing between the crystallographic planes and hence enhancement of neutron diffraction.
A SUGGESTION ON THE HIGH Tc PROBLEM
Authors: WU HANG-SHENG  , JI GUANG-DA
Published: November 2020

We suggest that the superconductors should be divided into two types, type A and type B, for the former, λΛ. The meaning of Λ is given in this paper. Our analysis shows that the influence of effective phonon spectrum on the transition temperature of these two type superconductors are different and the ways for raising their transition temperature are different also. For type A superconductors, the most effective way for raising Tc is to increase λ, whereas for type B superconductors, is to increase λ (ω2).
MESON STRUCTURE WAVE FUNCTIONS IN THE RELATIVISTIC STRATON MODEL
Authors: XIAN DING-CHANG  , ZHENG XI-TE  , WANG MING-ZHONG  , WANG KE-LIN  , ZHANG ZHENG-GANG  ,   (1)成都地质学院; (2)成都工学院; (3)中国科学院高能物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The Bethe-Salpeter equation for bound states of a spinor straton-antistraton pair is discussed under the assumption that the interaction between the straton-antistraton pair is purely scalar and may be described by a relativistically covariant v-potential. The structure wave function of the meson is expanded according to the O(4) group, and solved numerically first by keeping the lowest partial waves, and then the in-fluence of the higher partial waves are considered. Numerical results of the wave functions are given both in the momentum space and configuration space, and the mean square radius of the meson is evaluated. It is shown that the low partial wave-large component approximation is valid for tightly bound systems. As a comparison, the loosely bound systems are also discussed.
ON THE NYQUIST CRITERIONS OF CYCLOTRON INSTABILITIES CAUSED BY PLASMA STREAMS
Authors: LU QUAN-KANG  ,   复旦大学
Published: November 2020

In this paper, Nyquist diagrams of cyelotron instabilities caused by plasma streams are analysed. The calculation method on instability criterions of ns(the electron density of plasma stream), n0(the electron density of static plasma), B(the applied magnetie field strength), h(the wave number), V(the stream velocity) and T(the temperature) are developed. The numerical results of hydrogen plasma are given. Finally, the cyclotron and electrostatic instabilities caused by two plasma streams are also analysed.
THE SPATIAL FILTERING OF INCOHERENT IMAGING SYSTEM
Authors: LI ZHENG-MIN  ,   浙江大学
Published: November 2020

The physical behaviour of an incoherent-light illuminated optical imaging system is investigated. The result obtained is that there is a coherent region in the reference spherical surface of entrance or emergent pupil which is corresponding to a certain spatial frequency. The author explained the physical characteristics of incoherent optical transfer function sufficently, and suggested a possibility which may vary the transfer function curves of the system, thus permits a normal optical imaging system to have the ability of processing input signals in the frequency region.
AN APPROACH TO THE NONLINEARITY OF IONIZATION VACUUM GAUGE AT UPPER PRESSURE LIMIT
Authors: GUO YUAN-HENG  , WU SI-CHENG  ,   北京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

Beyond the upper limit of the linear region of an ionization gauge, there is a falloff in the ion current with the increase of the measured pressure. This nonlinear behavior is to be expected by the theory of non-self-sutaining discharge, from which it follows that the pressure corresponding to the maxium of ion current may be expressed as p=E/C, where E is the field strength between the electrodes and C is a constant. Thus the upper limit, of the linear region will be extended as E increases.Four versions of gauge-electrodes configuration capable of giving higher field strength as well as maintaining lower sensitivity have been under test, leading to the result that the upper limit of linearity have extended from 10-1 Torr ab originc up to 1 Torr, 2 Torr, 6 Torr and 10 Torr, respeetively. There is satisfactory agreement between these experimental data and the calculated values based on the above theory.
ON REDUCTION OF THE HIGH ORDER TWINNING IN FCC STRUCTURE TO A SINGLE ROTATION RELATIONSHIP
Authors: ZOU BEN-SAN  , YE HENG-QIANG  , WU YU-KUN  , GUO KE-XIN  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

By following the relationship of correspondanee between twinning geometry and the rotation matrices, and the combination theorems of rotation operation, it is always possible to reduce the multiple twinning operation of the high order twin to single rotation operations. In this article, we calculated the rotation axis [uvw] and rotation angle φ 's, by which the reduction of 1-5 order twinning in the fee structure to single rotation operations can be accomplished. In addition, we also give the computing procedure which is appropriate for the automatic analysis of electron diffraction pattern of high order twins by means of a computer.
A THREE-PHOTON VECTOR MODEL
Authors: YE PEI-XIAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

It is shown that the optical Eabi precession model developed by Feynman, Vernon and Hellwarth for two-level systems can be extended not only to discuss the two-photon resonant coherent interaction, but also to the case of three photons. Using this model and the adiabatic following approximation, the third-order polarization expression in an intense and (or) resonant optical field is obtained, which differs from that obtained by perturbation theory. The saturation phenomena in the third-order resonant non-linear effects are also discussed.
LINE WIDTHS AND ENERGY SHIFTS OF SPONTANEOUS EMISSION
Authors: DENG CONG-HAO  ,   山东大学光学系
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we carry out the theoretical calculation of line widths and energy shifts of spontaneous emission, the decaying oscillating field is taken instead of the free field as the action field. In the calculation the self consistent requirement is imposed.The method of calculation is rigorous but different from the previous workers. No divergence difficulties are encountered in the calculation.We think this method of avoiding divergence difficulties may be useful in the theoretical calculation of inelastic scattering cross sections in elementary particle physics.
THE EFFECT OF THE LATTICE VIBRATION ON THE EXCITON MOTION
Authors: GU SHI-WEI  ,   内蒙古大学
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the effect of the lattice vibration on the exeiton motion is discussed by a perturbation method that was developed to investigate the problem of plarons by Haga. Our previous work is generalized to the case that the electron mass and the hole mass are not equal. When we neglect the interaction between phonons of different wave vector in the recoil process, the ground state energy, effeetive mass, reduced mass and inner potential energy are derived. It is shown that the effective mass of the exeiton depends on the interaction between the electron, hole and the phonons reduced mass of the exciton not only depends on the interaction between the electron. Hole and the phonons, but also on the electron and hole mass ratio; the formation of a self trapping exciton is not determined by the magnitude of the interaction between the electron, hole and the phnon, but by the electron and hole mass ratio. A exciton is self trapping when the electron and hole mass ratio is in the range 0.261 e/μh<3.83.
ON OVERLAPPING OF ELECTRON DIFFRACTION PATTERNS FROM TWO CRYSTALS WITH A SIMPLE ORIENTATION RELATIONSHIP
Authors: YE HENG-QIANG  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

For two phases having a simple orientation relationship, some of the reciprocal points coincide in the reciprocal space. The electron diffraction pattern corresponding to the reciprocal planes consisting of common reciprocal points only will superpose on the matrix spots. In this paper, a simple method is established to identify the indices of zone axis which give the second phase electron diffraction pattern superimposed on the matrix spots. The method is applied to examine the cases of the overlapping of cubic matrix pattern with that of the twin crystal, the hexagonal close packed structure, the hexagonal ω-phase, etc.
THE PRESENCE OF Si-H BONDS IN Si SINGLE CRYSTALS AND ITS INFLUENCES
Authors: CUI SHU-FAN  , GE PEI-WEN  , ZHAO YA-QIN  , WU LAN-SHENG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The presence of Si-H bonds in hydrogen FZ silicon single crystals was confirmed by measurements of infrared absorption spectrum. Three characteristic absorption peaks were found at 4.51, 4.68 and 5.13 μm. By analysing theoretical calculations, it is believed that hydrogen atoms in silicon lattice are situated on several interstitial sites. Investigation showed that the Si-H bonds formed in crystal growth influences implicitly on the crystal perfection, and it was discovered that there exists a close relationship between the production, of defects by hydrogen and the breakdown of hydrogen-associated bonds at high temperature.
THE MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRON TEMPERATURE OF PLASMA BY LASER SCATTERING AND THE ENERGY LOSS OF θ-PINCH PLASMA
Authors: YAO XIN-ZI  , ZU QIN-XIN  , XU YAO  , GAO PENG  , HU FENG-JIE  , LI BAO-HUAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the measurement of electron temperature of the θ-pinch plasma by means of Thomson scattering of ruby laser is described. The experimental data of clectron temperature in θ-coil midplane are analysed using the one-fluid model. The experimental results show that the electron temperature is much less than the theoretical value in the ease of adiabatic compression, and the experimental data are in good agreement with the theory when the loss of the electron thermal conduction is considered. The conduction coefficient calculated according to the one-fluid model is larger than the Spitzer's classical value by a factor of 2-3. After about 3 μs, the electron temperature dropped sharply, the thermal conduction theory holds no longer. A possible explaination is that the end loss becomes dominant, and thus the plasma collapses rapidly.
APPLICATIONS OF THE SERIES FORMULA OF SUPERCON-DUCTING CRITICAL TEMPERATURE
Authors: JI GUANG-DA  , CAI JUN-DAO  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Using the series formula of superconducting critical temperature (1), we have obtained an expression of isotope effect for B-type superconductors. In both cases of μ*= 0 and μ*≠0, we have obtained a series expression for the upper limit of Tc. The agreement between the results of series formula and numerical solution is quite good. Finally, with μ*= 0, we have discussed the relation between Tc and various spectrum parameters. It is apparent from the series expression that when fixing different parameters the behaviour of Tc is completely different, hence we have made a general interpretation for the different conclusions of other authors about the effect of phonon spectrum on Tc. We emphasize that, in most cases, the series formula (1), which we took up to first two terms only, can be used as a good approximation for numerical solution,so that the series formula is simplified greatly. It may be predicted that by using this simplified formula we can investigate many other problems.
A NEW TYPE OF CONTINUOUS SOLID SOLUTIONS ——THE VARIATION OF CRYSTAL STRUCTURE TYPES OF Mgx/2Li1-xIO3 WITH COMPOSITION
Authors: LIANG JING-KUI  , ZHANG YU-LING  , LIU HONG-BIN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The variation of crystal structure types of Mgx/2Li1-xIO3 with composition and temperature has been investigated by the methods of DTA and X-ray powder diffraction both at high and room temperatures. A new type of continuous solid solutions has been found in the entire region of the binary system Mg(IIO3)2·LiIO3.For the solid solutions rich in LilO3, the crystal lattice is distorted in the x-y plane with the increasing concentration of Mg(IO3)2, While the space group changes from P63 to P1121. At the composition 3Mg(IO3)2·7LiIO3, the lattice distortion reaches a maximum,γ=120o22′. With further increasing of the concentration of Mg(IO3)2, the lattice distortion is reduced, and at the composition Mg(IO3)2·LiIO3) the space group turns back again to P63.For the solid solution rich in Mg(IO3)2, the lattice is distorted along the z axis, and has been found to be made of unit cells of heterogeneous parameters c (the effect is most prominent at the composition about 20-30mol% LiIO3). But with increasing temperature, the crystal lattice gradually changes back to unit cells with a uniform parameter.It seems probable that the lattice distortions in the solid solutions are caused by vacancies. The heterogeneous distribution of vacancies results in inhomogeneous parameters c, and it is also due to the presence of vacancies that alters the crystal fields around the anion group, causing the displacement and rotation of IO3- with the result that the lattice is distorted along x-y plane.
QUANTUM MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF A DAMPED HARMONIC OSCILLATOR
Authors: PENG HUAN-WU  ,   中国科学院理论物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Assuming a damping force proportional to the velocity, it is shown that the usual quantum condition between the physical variables, namely the displacement and the momentum, has to be modified by the damping. However, it is possible to change to new variables which are canonical. Then we can apply the usual quantum mechanics and use the usual physical interpretation through the statistical average values. The case of a one-dimensional damped harmonic oscillator under the action of an arbitrary external force has been worked out as an example. No difficulty arises and the results are reasonable.
MECHANISM OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION OF α-LiIO3 SINGLE CRYSTAL AND ITS ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY AT LOW TEMPERATURES
Authors: ZHANG AN-DONG  , ZHAO SHI-PU  , XIE AN-YUN  , XU ZHENG-YI  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we have proposed a simple method to determine what charges the carriers in ionic conductor possess by analysing the relation of voltages between middle point of the sample and its two terminal surface electrodes. By using this method and considering that α-LiIO3 single crystal can be regarded as a quasi 1-dimension conductor, it has been found that there are two kinds of carriers in α-LiIO3 single crystal. One of them is the interstitial Li ion which hops among the intersites in a zigzag channel along c-axis. The other is the Li vacancy which exchanges positions with Li ions at lattice sites also along c-axis. We have measured the electrica conduction properties from -100℃ up to room temperature. The results are analogous to those obtained above room temperature.
A NEW PHENOMENON ABOUT THE {111} PLANAR PARTICLES BLOCKING DIP IN SINGLE CRYSTAL Si
Authors: WEI CHENG-LIAN  , DONG YU-LAN  , GAO ZHI-WEI  ,   中国科学院高能物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A new phenomenon about {111} planar particles blocking dip in Si has been found. Between the {111} planes in single crystal Si there are two interplanar spacings, d(111)(a) and d(111)(b), but there is only one interplanar spacing d(110) between Si{110} planes, so that their blocking dips would be different. We have observed this difference from the experiments of a particle and proton blocking effect in single crystal Si. We have also estimated the 2ψ1/2 angles from planar particles blocking dips with d(111)(a), d(111)(b) and d(110) in Si respectively. According to the author's knowledge, up to the present, this phenomenon has not yet been discovered at home and abroad. This new phenomenon will promote the study of complex crystals using the blocking and channeling effects.
UNITARY TRANSFORMATION AND GENERAL LINEAR TRANSFORMATION BY THE OPTICAL METHOD (Ⅳ)——THE PATTERN RECOGNITION AND PROJECTION OPERATOR
Authors: HUO YU-PING  ,   中国科学院等离子体研究所
Published: November 2020

In this article, it has been pointed out that the pattern recognition is the representation transformation in pattern space. As it is well known, in Hilbert space, the representation transformation is realized by the unitary operator, so it is more suitable to use the optical method for pattern recognition. Further more, we have discussed the method with which one can construct the optical system only from the characteristic patterns, In reality, this problem is to realize the projector by optical method. We also have advanced the optimization method in [3].
DETERMINATION OF THE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS BY MEANS OF MEASUREMENT OF OPTICAL ATTENUATION
Authors: TAO RONG-JIA
Published: November 2020

In this article we made a theoretical investigation on determination of size distribution of atmospheric aerosoils by means of measurement of optical attenuation. We showed that the Predholm integral equation of the first kind has only one solution when attenuation cross-section is given by Van de Hulst approximate equation. We thus proved that remote sensing of atmospheric aerosoils by variation of optical wave lengths is possible. We also studied the problems of inversion computation, analyses of errors, effective information and selection of the optimal optical wave lengths associated with this remote sensing process.
AN ELECTRON TRANSPORT THEORY OF THE CAVITY IONIZATION
Authors: LOU ZHENG-MING
Published: November 2020

In the present paper, the electron transport equation has been applied to study the phenomena of cavity ionization. It has been shown that the effect of the cavity on the energy spectrum of electron inside it can be attributed to an equivalent electron source uniformly distributed in the cavity. A formula for the energy spectrum of the equivalent electron source is obtained. The deposited energy of the equivalent electron source in the cavity of a plate chamber has been calculated. As compared with the Spencer-Attix theory, the present theory is shown to be in better agreement with experiment for describing phenomena of the cavity ionization.
THE LONGITUDINAL RESISTIVITY OF A MAGNETIZED PLASMA
Authors: CAI SHI-DONG  , WU JING-SHENG  ,   (1)美国马利兰大学物理科学与技术研究所; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Longitudinal electric resistivities of magnetized and unmagnetized plasmas are discussed based on appropriate kinetic equations. It is found that (1) for an isotropic plasma the resistivity calculated based on the kinetic equation including magnetization is about 1.5 time greater than that obtained in the theory without including magnetization, and (2) for an anisotropic plasma, the magnetized resisitivity is proportional to Te⊥Te‖-5/2 whereas the unmagnetized resistivity is proportional to Te⊥-1Te‖-1/2. The discrepancy is mainly due to the effect of the ambient magnetic field on the electron trajectory. It is also argued that the effect of dynamic shielding can be neglected in comparison with static shielding. A qualitative explanataion is given.
THE SLOWING DOWN-DIFFUSION OF α PARTICLES IN FUSION PLASMA
Authors: HUO YU-KUN  ,   郑州大学物理系
Published: November 2020

This article discusses the distribution of α particles in fusion reactor. We divide these particles into two parts: i.e., a high energy part and a thermolized part, and introduce the concept of slowing down density. A set of slowing down-diffusion equations satisfied by distribution function of α particles are then obtained. For the parameters of typical tokamak fusion reactor, the set of equations are solved analytically with simplified conditions. Thus the distribution of a particles and the rate of self heating are obtained. Finally,, the results computed by using different diffusion coeffecients are compared.
X-RAY TOPOGRAPHIC STUDY OF DISLOCATIONS AND STACKING FAULTS IN SILICON WEB DENDRITES
Authors: YANG CHUAN-ZHENG  , JIANG XIAO-LONG  , XU SHUN-SHENG  ,   中国科学院上海冶金研究所
Published: November 2020

Dislocations and stacking faults in silicon webs were observed and analysed by means of X-ray projection topographic method. Large area stacking faults parallel to the web surface have been found in as-grown specimens. In addition to the edge-, screw-, and 60°-type total dislocations with Burgers vector 1/2, and edge-type Shockley partial dislocations with Burgers vector 1/6, 30°- and 60°-type Shockley partial dislocations with Burgers vector 1/6 have also been discovered in the webs. These total dislocations move during heat treating at high temperatures and interact with other ones to form nearly hexagonal dislocation networks. Several dislocation reactions in a single slip plane have been found. The configuration and contrast of stacking faults in as-grown webs were changed by high temperature annealing. That can be explained by the moving of extended dislocation pairs, and the overlapping of stacking faults with each other in different layers. The extinction rule of image of Shockley partial dislocations was invalidated by the presence of impurity segregations. Dislocations within the stacking fault image were also observed. The experimentally observed results were analysed and discussed briefly.
THE INTERNAL BIAS FIELD OF TGS SINGLE CRYSTAL
Authors: ZHU ZHONG-QUAN  , LU HUI-XIU  ,   中国科学院上海技术物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The correctness of the thermodynamic treatment of the internal bias field of the TGS crystal is demonstrated experimentally. The causes of the difference between the Eb-T relations of irradiated pure TGS and LATGS crystals are analyzed. The annealing effects on the improved properties of irradiated TGS crystals are also discussed.
INTERACTION OF HIGH INTENSITY CO2 PULSED LASER WITH TARGET IN AIR
Authors: FU YU-SHOU  , XIA SHENG-JIE  , WANG CHUN-KUI  , WU BAO-GEN  ,   中国科学院力学研究所
Published: November 2020

Experimental observations of the high energy pulsed CO2 Laser-target interaction were made by high-speed interference photography and high-speed shadowgra-phy to reveal various effects in front of the surface as well as the reflection and diffraction of a shock wave. Brief analyses are presented.
STUDY OF DISLOCATION ETCH PITS ON PbFe12O19 SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: LIU JI-ZHE  ,   南京大学固体物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Using 50% HCI as etchant, we studied the morphology of dislocation etch pits on cleavaged (0001) basal faces of PbFe12O19 single crystals grown by the fluxed method. Three kinds of etch pits are found and two of them correspond to {1010} and {1011} types of dislocations, respectively. The third kind of etch pits is related to the presence of screw dislocations which are responsible for growth mechanism. Dislocation etch pits arrays observed on (0001) faces are interpreted by applying the mechanism proposed by Matthews et al.
MOTION OF ISOLATED DISLOCATIONS IN SILICON CRYSTALS
Authors: BA TU  , HE YI-ZHEN  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

Chemical etching method was used to measure the velocity of isolated dislocations in silican crystals for temperatures in the range of 400-900℃ and under stresses in the range of 0.35-13kg·mm-2. Dislocation Velocity v(τ, T) as a function of temperature (T) and stress (τ) satisfies the following equation v(τ,T)=Aτme-Q/(KT) where m = 1.02-1.49, Q = 1.96-2.07eV. Finally, the experimental results obtained on the motion of dislocations in silican single crystals were compared with those derived from the kink model of extended dislocation.
A STATISTICAL THEORY OF BRITTLE FRACTURE
Authors: XING XIU-SAN  ,   中国科学院原子能研究所
Published: November 2020

A statistical approach is proposed in order to establish a connection between microscopic process and macroscopic process of brittle fracture, and an attempt is made to base the theory of brittle fracture on the statistical foundation of micro-crack kinetics.The brittle fracture is described as a non-equilibrium process in which micro-cracks nucleate and grow, and the single main crack propagates under very small plastic deformation.A differential-integral equation describing this non-equilibrium process is derived. The micro-crack kinetics is studied from the dislocation mechanism. The statistical distribution function of micro-cracks and the fracture probability of metal sample are obtained, and thus the elongation, brittle strength, ductile work, fracture toughness, critical crack length, ductile-brittle transition temperature and their statistical deviation are all deduced theoretically.
AN APPROXIMATE Tc FORMULA OF TYPE A SUPERCONDUCTORS (Ⅱ)——IN CASE OFμ*≠0
Authors: Wang Zhong-yan  , Zhou Zi-fang  , Mao De-qiang  , Zhang Xi-xiang  , Wu Hang-sheng  ,   中国科学技术大学
Published: November 2020

In the present paper, the analyses for the numerical solution of the Eliashberg equation and the Tc formula of Type A superconductor, which were presented in the previous paper of this series, are extended to the case of μ*≠0.
PARAMETRIC INSTABILITIES WITH WELL SEPARATED FREQUENCIES IN MAGNETIZED PLASMA
Authors: ZHOU YU-MEI  , CAI SHI-DONG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A nonlinear dispersion relation is derived for the homogeneous, magnetized plasmas by the conventional "ponderomotive force" method. By using this unified dispersion relation, various parametric instabilities (stimulated anomalous absorptions and scatterings) are discussed. The results are compared with those obtained by other authors in detail. In the validity region of this model ωidler《 ωpump), the results derived by previous authors can be recovered. In addition to obtaining a few instabilities which have not been appeared in literature, we also find that in general:1. the "dipole approximation" can give the right results for the stimulated anomalous absorption problems,2. the magnetic field may enhance the plasma stability.
THE CERENKOV LINE RADIATION AND THE EMISSION-LINE SPECTRA OF QSOs
Authors: YOU JUN-HAN  , CHENG FU-HUA  ,   中国科学技术大学天体物理研究室
Published: November 2020

Cerenkov effect in gas medium is discussed. It is pointed out that the relativistic electrons with isotropic distribution of velocity, when moving through a dense gas, will produce the broad atomic emission-lines with a remarkably asymmetric profile, the continuum slope on its long wave side being quite flat and that on the short wave side very steep.Calculation for the hydrogen atom shows that the width of Lα line may be larger than 60? as the gas density reaches N = 5×1020cm-3. According to this radiation mec-. hanism, the emission-line spectra of QSOs can be interpreted satisfactorily.
PERFORMANCE OF LEVEL SLICING USING FILM NONLINEARITY
Authors: Zhang Hong-jun  , Dai Jian-hua  , Lu Nai-guang  ,   (1)华中工学院光学工程系; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A new method for level slicing operation of optical images, utilizing the nonlinear characteristics of photographic film and the complementary properties of the positive-negative is described. The mathematical model of the characteristics curve is proposed, and the relation between the contrast of level slicing, the γ value and the exposure is discussed. The experimental results are presented. The advantage of this method is that it employs noncoherent source and is very simple.
THE RADIATION DAMPING ON BIBARY STARS DUE TO EMISSION OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVES
Authors: HU NING  , ZHANG DE-HAI  , DING HAO-GANG  ,   北京大学
Published: November 2020

According to the general theory of relativity, The force is not an covariant quantity under general coordinate transformations. Different coordinate conditions will lead to different damping forces. It will be convenent to find out the physical coordinate system in which the calculated value of the damping effect is the same as or nearest to that observed on earth. We expect that this physical coordinate system should be free from spurious non-transverse gravitational waves at infinity. In this coordinates the change of orbital period P due to emission of gravitational waves is given by P=-6.5×10-12(m1m2)/M⊙2((m1+m2)/m⊙)-1/3.
SYSTEMATIC VARIATION OF LINE-SHIFT OF Kα RADIATION FROM ATOMIC IONS
Authors: LI JIA-MING  , ZHAO ZHONG-XIN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

We present here a preliminary theoretical study on the lineshift of the Kα radiation from atomic ions. The systematic variation of the Kα radiation shift on the degree of ionization as well as the atomic number is examined up to the intermediate-Z element Mo. We also argued that measurements on such Kα spectra are relevant to impurity diagnostics in plasmas.
A THEORY OF COHERENT PROPAGATION OF LIGHT WAVE IN SEMICONDUCTORS (Ⅲ)
Authors: GAN ZI-ZHAO  , YANG GUO-ZHEN  ,   (1)北京大学物理系; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

This paper is the third part of a theory of the coherent propagation of light in semiconductors. Based on the previous papers (Ⅰ) and (Ⅱ), the Maxwell-Bloch equation describing the coherent propagation of light in semiconductors is derived; the equation is then used to discuss a number of possible effects of coherent propagation in both interband transitions and exciton transitions. In particular, the phenomena of self-induced transparency are analysed, and it is shown that the phenomena may occur in the above two transitions.
GREEN'S FUNCTION METHOD FOR ENERGY BAND CALCULATIONS IN THE SCALAR RELATIVISTIC APPROXIMATION (SRA-KKR)
Authors: ZHANG LI-YUAN  ,   北京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

In this paper, a Scalar Eelativiatic Green's Function method ( SRA-KKR) neglecting spin-orbit coupling effect has been proposed for the energy band calculation. With this method, only a few modifications to the Non-Relativistic Green's Function method would be needed in order to obtain the relativiatic effect on the electronic band structure of solid.
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PICRIAFELTARRAGENIN EPOXY COMPOUND
Authors: HAN FU-SEN  , ZHENG QI-TAI  , FAN HAI-FU  ,   中国科学院
Published: November 2020

Single crystals of picriafeltarragenin epoxy compound, C30H44O6, belong to space group P(212121) with lattice parameters a =28.373 (9)?, b=10.667 (5)?, c = 9.115 (4)? and 4 molecules in the unit cell. The intensities of 2890 independent reflectionsau collected using the PW-1100 fourcircle diffractometer. The structure was solved with MULTAN 78 program and refined to a final R = 0.084 by block diagonal least square method. Positions of all the hydrogen atoms were obtained from the difference Fourier synthesis. The shortest distance between two molecules is 3.5?.
CLOSED-FORM APPROXIMATION FOR THE 3-DIMENSIONAL ISING MODEL (Ⅲ)——THE POSSIBILITY OF IMPROVING THE NUMERICAL RESULTS WITH HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER SYSTEMS
Authors: SHI HE  , HAO BAI-LIN  ,   中国科学院
Published: November 2020

Possible properties of the analytic expression for the partition function are analyzed on the basis of 2-dimensional rigorous solution and the 3-dimensional Q-approximation for the Ising model. The possibility to improve the numerical results by using high order hypercomplex numbers is disciissed to get ready for deriving an interpolation formula for the partition function between low and high temperature limits.
A METHOD OF INCREASING THE DIFFRACTION EFFICIENCY OF HOLOGRAM
Authors: ZHAO LIN  , YAN SHU-QIN  , WANG DAN-LIAN  , XIAO JING-XIAO  , ZHANG HONG-JUN  , DAI JIAN-HUA  ,   (1)中国科学院计算技术研究所; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A method of increasing the diffraction efficiency of hologram by using dilute deve-lopment is presented. Characteristic curve of dilute development, relation between the de-veloping time, the exposure and the diffraction efficiency are given. The high diffraction efficiency of three kinds of holographic plates have been obtained.
NO-STANDARDS QUANTITATIVE EDS ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTITUENTS OF BINARY ALLOYS CONTAINING LIGHT ELEMENTS
Authors: ZHANG REN-JI  , GE SEN-LIN  , WU ZI-QIN  ,   北京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

In this article, the no-standards quantitative analysis method using the ratios of the X-ray intensities of the elements in the samples has been improved. The "full diffusion" model of the electron scattering has been properly modified and simplified and a stepped depth distribution curve of the X ray has been obtained. From this distribution curve, the quantitative relationship between the constituents of samples and the intensities of the characteristic X-rays has been determined. The analysed values of the Cu-Si, FeS2 NaCl and GaAs are coincident with the actual values. Our results are better in some extent than the results of Russ's method which used the calculated X-ray intensity factors of pure elements and the routine ZAF correction. The calculation procedure of our method is also simpler than the procedure of the latter method.
DETERMINATION OF ISOSARMENTOSIN CRYSTAL STRUCTURE (I)
Authors: ZHENG CHAO-DE  , QIAN JIN-ZI  , GU YUAN-XIN  , ZHENG QI-TAI  ,   (1)中国科学院生物物理研究所; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The Isosarmentosim crystal C11H17O7N belongs to monoclinic system. The space group is C22 -P21. The crystal parametera are a = 12.185 (±0.005)?, b = 10.318 (±0.005)?,c = 4.853 (±0.004)?, β = 98.80 (±0.08) °. Two molecules are contained in a unit cell, c = 2. The diffraction data has been collected bylusing PW-1100 four-circle diffra-ctomter, the total number of independent diffractions amounts to 1139. The crystal structure has been determined by direct method (MULTAN-78), and structure parameter has been refined by means of block matrix least-squares method, R= 0.058. The difference Fourier syntheses gives out all the hydrogen position. Between the molecules there exist hydrogen-bonds, the avarage length of which are 2.869?.
HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN METALLIC HYDROGEN
Authors: ZHU ZAI-WAN  , JIANG WEN-ZHI  ,   延边大学物理系
Published: November 2020

The present paper gives an expression of the effective phonon spectrum a2F(ω),spectrum area λ/2 and electron-phonon coupling constant A of the metal with valence Z in terms of a few parameters, such as average electronic radius rs, Ion mass M and sound velocity vj. Using the formula of Dynes, we have calculated the superconducting transition temperature Tc for matalic hydrogen, lead and niobium. It is shown that matalic hydrogen has λ = 2.55 and Tc = 162 K at zero pressure.
THE Tc-λ CURVE
Authors: ZHOU ZI-FANG  , GU YI-MING  , MAO DE-QIANG  , WU HANG-SHENG
Published: November 2020

The present letter shows that the Tc-λ curve is composed of three parts with entirely different properties, namely, "McMillan region", "λ1.55 region" and "series solution region".
SUPER KILLING EQUATION AND SUPERSYM-METRY TRANSFORMATION
Authors: ZHANG LI-NING  ,   中国科学院理论物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In super space (x, θ), as the metric tensor field GAB(x, θ) is given, we calculated the Riemann curvature tensor RDABC of fourth rank and its generalized cyclicity.The equation that must be satisfied by isometry in the super space, i.e. super Killing equation: ξA:B+ηabξB:A=0, is deduced.In flat super space with zero curvature tensor, we have obtained the general solu-tions of the super Killing equation and the commutation relations of the corresponding generators. In the case of constant curvature, we have obtained a special solution of the super Killing equation.
ON THE STABILITY OF A WANNIER EXCITON IN A POLAR CRYSTAL
Authors: GU SHI-WEI  , LIANG XI-XIA  ,   内蒙古大学
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the ground state energy of a wannier exciton is calculated by means of the effective Hamiltonian obtained by one of the authors. It is shown that there is a range of values of the electron-tohole mass ratio a, for which the exciton. is stable with respect to dissociation into a free electron and a free hole.
THE PREPARATION OF TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE SPECIMEN BY ELECTROLYTIC POLISHING METHOD
Authors: CHENG PENG-ZHU  , MA XIAO-HUA  , LUO QI-GUANG  , YANG DA-YU  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The transmitting and reflecting optical microscopy has been used in the electrolytic polishing process for monitoring the polished specimen to obtain the optimum polishing condition. The intermittent current device has been employed in the electric circuit so that the control of the polishing condition becomes more feasible. The efficiency and reproducibility of specieen preparation have been improved. The transmission electron microscopy specimen of some superconducting and amorphous materials have been pre-pared by this technique and the electron microscopy and selected area electron diffrac-tion observations have been made.
A PROPOSAL OF FREEZING TOROIDAL MAGNETIC FIELD WITH THE SECTIONS OF SUPERCONDUCTING HOLLOWED CYLLINDER IN TOKAMAK APPARATUS
Authors: ZHANG YU-HENG  , CAO XIAO-WEN  ,   (1)中国科学技术大学物理系; (2)中国科学院等离子体物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In the paper, we suggest a proposal that if n sections of the superconducting hollowed cyllinder which has been longitudinally cut are put into n longitudinal field coils for Tokamak apparatus, electric power of longitudinal field coils can be reduced to 2/n by sectional freezing of toroidal field,It is well known that freezing field Hfj of Superconducting material may be expressed approximately by the following equation: Hfj(r,T)=/Hfj(r, 0)[1-(T/Tc)2] Consequently, if we select that T = T1, the critical field will be reached at the internal wall of the superconducting hollowed cyllinder and magnetic field will go into it when the magnetic field reaches Hin≥ Hfj(r,T1). Then the magnetic field H will decrease to zero and the temperature will also decease to T2 which is far below the temperature T1. Thus this hollowed cyllinder can't be effected when magnetic field is being freezed in the neighbonring superconducting hollow cyllinder.Since electric power required is decreased by 2/n times, the power supply of middle sized apparetus operating at present is sufficient to provide power reactor.Since superconducting hollowed cyllinders with freezed magnetic field Hfj(r, T1) are put at temperature T2, after plasma is built it also can well equilibrate and stabilize plasma together with equilibrating field and feed backing field. Not only the role of Copper shells for equilibrating and stabizing plasma may be largely expanded by the combination of sections of the superconducting hollow cyllinder and copper shells with toroidal cuts in the internal wall, but also the thickness of copper shell can be decreased.Although electric power required for freezing toroidal field is greater than the power required by superconducting solenoidal magnet, however the local rise of temperature caused by the small mechanical movement of conductor due to the much large electromagnetic force in the superconducting magnet can be avoided.
THE EXTENSION OF THE NEW GRAPHIC METHOD FOR INDEXING DEBYE-SCHERRER PHOTOGRAPHS TO ORTHORHOMBIC AND MONOCLINIC SYSTEMS
Authors: LU XUE-SHAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The new graphic method of indexing Debye-Scherrer photographs has been extended to orthorhombic and monoclinic crystals. Line coordinates are amply utilized. Thus the condition that the solution of a series of Diophantine simultaneous linear equations is represented by the interception of a series of conditional lines is replaced by a series of conditional points that passes through a common straight line, the reciprocal intercepts of which on the coordinate axes represent the common solution.Only special cases have been considered. For the orthorhombic system, it is supposed that among the observed lines, there exists a series of reflexions belonging to(1)(hi,0,0),(0,ki,0),(0,0,li);(2)(hi,ki,0),(0,ki,li),(hi,0,li);(3)(hi,k,l), (h,ki,l),(h,k,li) or (4)(hi,ki,l),(h,ki,li),(hi,k,li). And for the monoclinic system, it is supposed that there exists a series of reflexions belonging to (l)(hi,0,0,0),(0,ki,0),(0, 0,li);(2) (hi,ki,0), (0,ki,li); (3) (h,ki,l); (4) (hi,k,l), (h,k,li) or (5) (hi,ki, li)(hi,ki,li),(hi,ki,li),(hi,ki,li). Here the index without a subscript indicates that it remains unchanged in the family of reflexions.A novel feature in this work is that the concept of quadratic difference △isn2θij = sin2θj-sin2θi has been introduced into the graphic method. Thus if there is a set of reflexions in the monoclinic system belonging to the family (hi, k, l), and if we plot (△h2ij/△sin2θij, l△hji/△sin2θij) as conditional points, and if there exists a straight line connecting three or more conditional points arising from different △sin2θij then the reciprocal intercepts of the straight line on the coordinate axes will give A2 and 2AC cosβ, where A=λ/2a sinβ and C=λ/2c sinβ.
ON THE AMPLITUDE-PHASE RETRIEVAL PROBLEM IN OPTICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: YANG GUO-ZHEN  , GU BEN-YUAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper we propose a general description of the amplitude-phase retrieval problem. A set of equations for the determination of amplitude-phase based on rigorous mathematical derivation is established. Using these equations and the iteration computing method, a variety of reconstruction problems can be solved.
THE THEORETICAL ANLYSIS AND CALCULATION ON THE PARAMETERS OF MAGNETIC DEFLECTION FIELDS
Authors: DING SHOU-QIAN  ,   南开大学物理系
Published: November 2020

The electron optical properties of magnetic deflection systems are generally described in terms of the parameters H0, H2 and H4. In this paper, basing on the Biot-Savart's law, we derive the analytical formulas for the flaring saddle coil with a single turn. And then using the method of Fourier harmonic anlysis we obtain the field-para-meters experssions for the different winding distributions. So the relations between the field-parameters and the harmonics and some useful results are obtained. These formulae are useful for designers of deflection systems in television tubes, kinescopes, radars, scanning electron microscopes and electron beam exposure equipments.
EQUILIBRIUM THEORY AND ADIABATIC COMPRESSION THEORY OF TOKAMAKS WITH AN ELLIPTIC CROSS SECTION WITH SOME TRIANGULAR DEFORMATION
Authors: SHAO MAO-LIANG  , MA TENG-CAI  ,   中国西南物理研究所
Published: November 2020

MHD equilibria of tokamaks with a droplet-shaped cross section (an elliptic cross section with some triangular deformation) have been dealt with in this paper, all equilibrium solution and the current distribution in external coils required by producing the appropriate configuration are presented. The problem of heating the plasma with such configuration by adiabatic compression is discussed, the variation of all the equilibrium configuration with time during the compression is given. Calculations of the equilibrium configurations and the variations in configuration and in pressure during the adiabatic compression have been carried out for several giving current density profiles, some numerical computations are shown in figures.
THE ALGORISM AND COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR INDEXING HEXAGONAL AND TETRAGONAL DEBYE-SCHERRER PHOTOGRAPHS
Authors: LU XUE-SHAN  , LUO SHOU-MIN  ,   (1)北京航空学院; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The algorism of indexing hexagoanal and tetragonal Debye-Scherrer photographs has been thoroughly discussed. It is pointed out that the procedure of finding a common solution for a series of Diophantine linear simultaneous equations, even for the low angle diffraction lines, seems to be untenable, because the solution is not unique.It is proposed that by adopting the same principle used in the new graphic method suggested by one of the authors, one may utilize three independent low angle sin2θ's and the density of the crystal, and form a series of conditional linear equations together with a series of equations representing equiatomic curves, a unique solution may be obtained which is the intersection of three conditional lines arising from different sin2θ's and one equiatomic curve. This gives the primary translations of the unit cell, and simultaneously the number of formula weight units contained therein.A computer program in FORTRAN has been written, the identification of which is POWDBX-HT. The time required to index one photograph is less than one minute.
DYNAMIC REFLECTION PROPERTY OF ION-IMPLANTED Si BY CW CO2 LASER ANNEALING
Authors: LI YUAN-HENG  ,   中国科学院力学研究所
Published: November 2020

The change of reflectivity of P-implanted Si with time under high power CW CO2 laser irradiation has been measured by infrared detector. We discover that the reflectivity increases irreversibly in both the laser heating and cooling processes. This means that the surface carrier concentration of ion-implanted Si would change similarly.
CONDITION FOR THE FORMATION OF ACOUSTIC PLASMONS IN METALS
Authors: REN YAN-RU  , YIN DAO-LE  ,   北京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

By analysing the dielectric function of an interacting Bloch electron gas, the condition for the formation of acoustic plasmons (AP) as well-defined quasiparticles in metals has been derived. Discussions are given on whether this condition is satisfied for A-15 compounds, with the conclusion that the evidence for the existence of AP as a kind of quasiparticle in these compounds is insufficient until now.
THE STRUCTURE OF Li2K(IO3)3 AND Li2NH4(IO3)3 CRYSTALS
Authors: LIANG JING-KUI  , WANG CHAO-GUO  , CHE GUANG-CAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The crystal structure and the atomic parameters of Li2K(IO3)3 and Li2NH4(IO3)3 have been determined by means of the X-ray powder diffraction method. The Li2K(IO3)3 and Li2NH4(IO3)3 are isomorphic with Li2Rb(IO3)3. The unit cell is monoclinic. The space group is P21/α. There are four formula units per unit cell. Lattice parameters are α= 11.198?, b = 11.046?, c = 8.254?, β= 111.53° and α =11.327?, b = 11.078?, c = 8.341?,β = 111.87° respectively. The relation between formation of Li2M(IO3)3 compounds and Mionic radius has been discussed.
A POLYCHROMATIC PROCESSING TECHNIQUE FOR COLOR IMAGE TRANSPARENCIES
Authors: F. T. S. YU  , S. L. ZHUANQ  , T. H. CHAO  ,   (1)Pennsylvania State University; (2)Pennsylvania State University,U.S.A; (3)上海光学仪器研究所,现在Pennsylvania State University作访问研究
Published: November 2020

A technique of spatial encoding color photographic image in a black and white tran-sparency for coherent polychromatic processing is presented. The applications of this technique to color image signal detection, restoration of color blurred images, and color image addition and subtraction are provided. We note that this polychromatic processing technique is capable of processing color images similar to monochromatic coherent pro-cessing technique. Although there is a disadvantage of this technique, it requires an en-coding step for image processing, however this technique may open a new dimension in color image processing. We also note that the application of this technique is not res-tricted only to color images, it may apply to some problems in gray level transparencies.
MULTIPHONON RELAXATION OF 4F3/2 STATES AND ELECTRON-PHONON INTERACTION IN Nd3+-GLASSES
Authors: CHEN SHU-CHUN  , DAI FENG-MEI  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

Temperature dependences of multiphonon relaxation rates for 4F3/2 states in Nd3+-glasses were determined by measuring fluorescence intensity and lifetime in the range of 300-600 K. According to the theory of multiphonon relaxation and vibrational spectrum we made a theoretical fitting of curves. Multiphonone processes of 4F3/2 states have been investigated in five Nd3+-glasses. The phonon energy and number involved in the process were determined and the relation between matrix property and phonon relaxation was analysed. Further examination of multiphonon relaxation theory was conducted in this material.