bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspirin use during pregnancy and placental pathology in obese women in a large prospective cohort study
Authors: Jing Shiwen , Ye Jiangfeng , Lu Danni , Xie Hehui , Feng Liping , Xie Zhifang , Zhang Jun
Published: May 2022

Background: The placenta plays a critical role in the development of preeclampsia. Low-dose aspirin can prevent preeclampsia in high-risk women, but the mechanisms are unclear. We examined the association between aspirin use during pregnancy and the placental pathology in obese women to better understand how aspirin may work. Methods: Data were taken from the U.S. Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP), a large prospective cohort study conducted at 12 centers from 1959 to 1976. Live singleton pregnancies (n=42,308) with information on placental pathology and aspirin exposure during pregnancy were included. Pre-pregnancy BMI >= 30.0 kg/m2 and 25.0 kg/m2 <= BMI < 30.0 kg/m2 were defined as obese (n=2,286) and overweight (n=5,673), respectively. Placental pathology examinations were performed by a team of trained pathologists according to a standard protocol. We further divided the placental pathology into three clusters: hypoxia-related, inflammation-related, and hemorrhage-related placental indicators. Generalized estimating equation was used to examine the association between aspirin use during pregnancy and placental pathological changes adjusting for potential confounders.Results: Among obese women, aspirin use in one, two and three trimesters during pregnancy tended to have lower risks of hypoxia-related placental pathologic changes (OR=0.99, 95% CI: 0.70-1.39; OR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.48-1.24; OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.91, respectively) and hemorrhage-related placental pathologic changes (OR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.60-1.32; OR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.28-0.89; OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.21-1.19, respectively) compared to women who did not use aspirin during pregnancy. In addition, aspirin use in all three trimesters may have a protective effect on inflammation-related placental pathologic changes (OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.15-1.25). The positive association was not as prominent in overweight women. Aspirin use was associated with lower risks of thrombus, calcification, cysts, fibrin deposition, syncytium-nuclear clumping, necrosis, macrophage, and neutrophilic infiltration in the placentae.Conclusions: Our study suggests that aspirin use during pregnancy was associated with a decreased risk of placental pathological changes in obese women. The positive association increase with the duration of use.
How do South African newspapers frame schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders?
Authors: Masinga Nombuso , Nyamaruze Patrick , Akintola Olagoke
Published: May 2022

Background: The way schizophrenia is portrayed in the media contributes to the dissemination of misinformation about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of the mental disorder. The framing of news stories has the potential to perpetuate or mitigate the stigmatization of schizophrenia. While research on the news media’s role in exacerbating or mitigating the stigmatization of schizophrenia has been conducted widely in other contexts, our search did not yield any study on media framing of schizophrenia in South Africa. Therefore, this study uses the framing theory to investigate the media framing of schizophrenia in the South African context. Methods: We examined 216 news stories that covered the schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders from 20 South African newspapers retrieved from the SABINET – SA Media online archive over a 10-year period (2004–2014). Thematic analysis was used to analyse the news stories.Results: The findings show that most of the news stories had problems as their main frame. These were followed by stories framed to diagnose the causes of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders; and stories that made moral judgements about issues around the schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Stories that were classified as suggesting remedies were relatively less frequent. Problems and causes were the dominant frames each year for the 11year period. Suggested remedies were shown to be the least reported each year. Nonetheless we observed fluctuations across the years of analysis.Conclusions: The study underscores the potential role of media analyses in framing schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. We found that using the framing perspective as a way of identifying the primary themes or ideas presented in print media was very useful. Our findings highlight the need for collaboration between researchers and the media to enhance opportunities for improved and more nuanced reporting of mental health issues.
A novel single TCR gamma chain fused with antibody-based binding domain facilitates T cell cytotoxicity for potent anti-tumor response without forming TCR-CD3 complex
Authors: Lin Changyou , Pei Hong , Yuan Xiaomei , Xu Jia , Zou Mingwei , Chen Zhao , Fossier Amber , Liu Meizhu , Goo Seungah , Ying Ge , Tang Chunyi , Lei Lei , Zhang Wenying , Wang Zhenping , Hu Yue , Wang Zhihao , Zhao Ying , Hu Qidong , Ji Henry , Chen Runqiang
Published: May 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have shown potent clinical efficacy in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies. However, much less has been achieved in solid tumors, in part due to the CAR-T cell exhaustion caused by inhibitory molecules in the tumor microenvironment. Given that PD-L1 is widely expressed in various tumor types and the PD1/PD-L1 axis plays a pivotal role in T cell exhaustion, we developed a novel platform using a single chain variable fragment (scFv) γδ-based TCR to target PD-L1 expressing tumors. We edited the TRAC locus in T cells and expressed an anti-PD-L1 scFv fused to the constant region of either the TCRδ or γ chain. We showed that the reconfigured γδ TCRs were capable of transducing signals once PD-L1 antigen was engaged by the scFv, leading to production of inflammatory cytokines, degranulation, and potent tumor killing activity both in vitro and in various xenograft solid tumor models. Surprisingly, we discovered that a new form of TCR, generated by fusing an scFv coding region to that of a single TCRγ chain, is sufficient to activate T cells and direct T cell functional activity. Moreover, in contrast to the classic TCRγδ, this new synthetic TCR appeared to transduce signals without complexing with endogenous CD3, which represents a new platform of cancer therapeutics.
Fuzzy transform based approximation method for solving fractional semi-explicit differential-algebraic equations
Authors: Bahrami Fariba , Mirzajani Saeedeh , Shahmorad Sedaghat
Published: May 2022

We present an efficient numerical method to approximate the solution of a system of fractional-order linear semi-explicit differential-algebraic equations with variable coefficients. The method is based on the use of the direct and inverse fuzzy transforms (F-transforms). By employing this method, we obtain an analytical approximate solution to the main problem in terms of flexible basic functions. The nonlocal property of fuzzy transforms helps us to have an efficient method for problems involving non-singular kernels. The error analysis and convergence evaluation of the method is demonstrated in detail. We give some examples to illustrate the significant features of the method.
RIG-I and TLR-7/8 agonists as combination adjuvant shape unique antibody and cellular vaccine responses to seasonal influenza vaccine
Authors: Schotsaert Michael , Jangra Sonia , Laghlali Gabriel , Choi Angela , Rathnasinghe Raveen , Chen Yong , Yildiz Soner , Coughlan Lynda , De Geest Bruno , Garcia-Sastre Adolfo
Published: May 2022

Influenza vaccine effectiveness could be improved by combination with an adjuvant with the potential to enhance the host-vaccine response both quantitatively and qualitatively. The goal of this study was to explore a RIG-I agonist (SDI-nanogel) and a TLR7/8 agonist (Imidazoquinoline (IMDQ)‐PEG‐Chol) as adjuvants, when co-administered with a licensed quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (QIV), and to determine the role of these adjuvants in directing helper T (Th) cell responses for their role in the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching. Administration of QIV with the two adjuvants, individually or combined, resulted in enhanced HA-specific serum ELISA IgG titers, serum hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers and splenic T cell responses as examined by IFN-γ and IL-4 enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays, 4-weeks post-prime and post-boost vaccination in BALB/c mice. While QIV+SDI-nanogel largely induced antigen-specific IgG1 responses, QIV+IMDQ-PEG-Chol predominantly induced IgG2a antibody isotypes post-prime vaccination, suggesting efficient induction of Th2 (IL-4) and Th1 (IFN-γ) responses, respectively. Combination of the two adjuvants not only skewed the response completely towards IgG2a, but also resulted in induction of HAI titers that outperformed groups that received single adjuvant. Moreover, enhanced IgG2a titers correlate with antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) that targets both the highly conserved H1 hemagglutination (HA) stalk domain and N1 neuraminidase (NA). A booster vaccination with QIV+IMDQ-PEG-Chol resulted in a more balanced IgG1/IgG2a response in animals primed with QIV+IMDQ-PEG-Chol but increased only IgG2a titers in animals that received the combination adjuvant during prime vaccination, suggesting that class switching events in germinal centres during the prime vaccination contribute to the outcome of booster vaccination. Importantly, IMDQ-PEG-Chol, alone or in combination, always outperformed the oil-in-water control adjuvant Addavax. Vaccine-induced antibody and T cell responses correlated with protection against lethal influenza virus infection. This study details the benefit of adjuvants that target multiple innate immune receptors to shape the host vaccine response.
Simultaneous Determination of Cis- and Trans-palmitoleic Acid in Rat Serum by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: huang wenwen , zhang yiping , Zhong Liping , sun chunlong
Published: May 2022

Background: Cis-palmitoleic acid (cPOA) and trans-palmitoleic acid (tPOA) are isomers of palmitoleic acid, which are monounsaturated fatty acids, affecting glucose and lipid metabolism, and reducing insulin resistance. tPOA was better than cPOA in regulating lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice, but the pharmacokinetic, metabolic transformation and structure-activity relationship have not been reported. Method: A precise and accurate ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC–MS/MS) method was developed to determine cPOA and tPOA simultaneously. cPOA and tPOA were administered i.g. (intragastric gavage) to rats at 75 mg/kg, serum samples were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS on a reverse-phase BDS C18 column equilibrated and eluted with water (A) and acetonitrile (B) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Results: The calibration curves for cPOA and tPOA were linear over the range 0.1~12 μg/mL. Analytes were monitored by selected-reaction monitoring in negative electrospray ionization mode. The Tmax of cPOA was 0.94±0.44 h and the Cmax 8.17±1.97 μg/L, and the Tmax of tPOA was 1.50±0.98 h and the Cmax 14.77±11.91 μg/L. AUC0-24h of cPOA and tPOA were 59.45±29.83 and 113.88±72.25 mg/L*h. Conclusions: The method was applied in pharmacokinetic study of cPOA and tPOA in rat serum successfully. Besides, it’s found the concentration of cPOA and tPOA fluctuated in serum of rats with the consistent trend, which may be reciprocal bio-convert in the body.
Integrated analysis of clinical, bioelectrical and functional variables in newly diagnosed lung cancer adult patients: Pilot study
Authors: Regüeiferos Justa Carmen Justa Carmen Columbié , Luna Taira Teresa Batista , Brooks Soraida Cándida Acosta , Rodriguez Maylet Planas , Matamoros Larisa Zamora , Rodríguez Beatríz Legrá , Fernández Arnolis Poll , Bello José Luis García , Pedrón Arquímedes Montoya , González Maraelys Morales , Garcia Julio Cesar Núñez , Fonseca Esmirna Cascaret , Cabrales Luis Enrique Bergues
Published: May 2022

Background
Many variables have been studied in cancer patients. Nevertheless, an study that analyzes simultaneously physical, functional and biological variables in they from clinical, physical and statistical points of views is not reported in the literature. The aim of this study is to propose an integrated analysis of clinical, bioelectrical and functional variables in newly diagnosed lung cancer adult patients for the integral evaluation and possible prognostic of them.
Methods
This Pilot study was retrospective and cross-sectional and 23 patients aged 53–82 years participated in it. The electrical resistance and capacitive electrical reactance were measured with the Bodystat Quadscan® 4000 analyzer. The electrical impedance modulus and the phase angle were calculated. The serum concentrations of epidermal growth factor, CYFRA21-1 and CA 72 − 4 were quantified. Correlations/associations among variables and the principal component analysis were suggested.
Results
The majority of patients had tumor markers, electrical resistance and the phase angle in their respective normal ranges. The capacitive electrical resistance was below its normal range. Minimum, low and moderate grades of linear correlation/association prevailed among studied variables. The principal components I and II were interpreted as prognosis and body energetic reserve of the patient, respectively.
Conclusions
It is concluded that the clinical, bioelectrical and functional variables allow the integral analysis and possible prognosis of newly diagnosed lung cancer adult patients. The decrease of the capacitive electrical reactance is the most influence to the loss of the body energetic reserve that leads to alterations of the overall health, tiredness and decrease of weight and body mass index of these patients.
Assessment of Possible HPV Association in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Khan Saifullah , Hayat Azam , Khan Ibrar , Rehman Mujaddad
Published: May 2022

Purpose of current study was to investigate HPV role in colorectal cancer development. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted viruses, and its link to cancers of the cervix, penis, vulva, vagina, anus, and oropharynx has been well reported. Persistent infections can lead to premalignant and malignant tumours and HPV infection is responsible for about 4.8 percent of all malignancies worldwide. During this study a total of 135 histopathologically confirmed cancer paraffin embedded biopsy specimens were collected from different hospitals of Hazara division. These specimens were re-examined in histopathology lab for confirmation. Majority of samples were confirmed as Adenocarcinoma in various colon locations, rectal squamous carcinoma and colon adenoma.10 normal biopsy specimens without any abnormality was taken as controls. These specimens were processed in Abbot lab and after treating with liquid nitrogen specimens were subjected to GeneXpert PCR system for the detection of HPV DNA along with high risk genotypes (HPV-16, 18 and 45) of HPV DNA. There was no HPV DNA detection in all control specimens. Out of 135 specimens 85 (62%) were detected with HPV DNA 37 (43%) with HPV-16, 25(29%) with HPV-18 and 16(19%) with HPV-45 genotype. Seven specimens were detected with low risk genotypes
Life-threatening event after injection laryngoplasty in a patient with chemotherapy-induced vocal-fold motion impairment: A case report
Authors: Jeon Seung Yeon , Gong Soo Jung , Yoon Ra Gyoung , Jung Ah Ra
Published: May 2022

Background: Although chemotherapy-induced vocal-fold motion impairment was first reported in 1971, there are few reports. Herein, we describe a case in which life-threatening side effects occurred after injection laryngoplasty for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced vocal-fold motion impairment accompanied by dysphonia and aspiration in a patient with lymphoma.Case presentation: An 86-year-old woman with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma developed left vocal fold immobility with dysphonia and aspiration after six cycles of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) therapy. The patient underwent injection laryngoplasty to prevent aspiration pneumonia approximately 5 h after the 7th cycle of chemotherapy. On the 3rd day after the procedure, she visited the emergency room with swelling of the anterior neck and dyspnea with stridor, which had gradually worsened since the previous day, and emergency hematoma removal was performed. On the 14th day after injection laryngoplasty, laryngeal examination performed to observe the vocal cord bruises revealed improvement of edema. Dyspnea and dysphonia observed before emergency surgery resolved completely one month after the operation.Conclusions: It is important to promptly evaluate patients with symptoms such as dyspnea and stridor after injection laryngoplasty and select a safe procedure time for patients receiving chemotherapy to avoid serious complications, such as hematomas.
Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: integral model of pathogenesis and therapy options
Authors: Doroshenko Oleksii
Published: May 2022

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive central nervous system degenerative disease, in most cases within 2–3 years inevitably leading to mixed tetraplegia and subsequent death from diaphragmatic paralysis. While for almost half of hereditary cases, mutations are identified as the cause of the disease, the sporadic form of ALS (sALS), due to the polymorphism and complexity of the putative developmental mechanisms raises a lot of questions. To date, there are no sufficiently effective pathogenetic methods for the disease treatment. All the above mentioned makes ALS one of the most relevant and, at the same time, unexplored topics in neurology. In this review, the author combines the most important, in our opinion, currently known factors of sALS pathogenesis, including Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) – the infection, TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathology, human endogenous retrovirus-K (HERV-K) reactivation, RNA-specific editase 1 (ADAR2) dysfunction and oxidative stress (OS) into a unified illustrative model. The author is suggesting a probable sequence of pathogenetic links, based on data regarding the presence of pathophysiological links between them and their ability to cause the typical for sALS histochemical pattern. Simultaneously, the author makes assumptions about the developmental mechanisms for some secondary disorders typical for sALS. In conclusion, in accordance with the derived model, the author conducts a review of possible pharmacological interventions of pathogenetic and etiotropic therapy. The author describes both clinically proven effective drugs, and previously unstudied, but extremely promising compounds that require further testing.
Hsa-miR-1248 suppressed the proliferation, invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells via inhibiting PSMD10
Authors: Wang Chengxing , Wang Bin , Liang Weijun , Zhou Chaorong , Lin Weixing , Meng Zijie , Wu Wanting , Wu Meimei , Liao Yuehua , Li Xiaoping , Zhao Jinglin , He Yaoming
Published: May 2022

Background.
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a critical event during the colorectal cancer (CRC) development and is indicative of poor prognosis. Identification of molecular markers of LNM may facilitate better therapeutic decision-making.
Methods.
Six pairs of CRC tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues [3 pairs diagnosed as pT1N0M0 (M_Low group) and 3 pairs diagnosed as pT4N2M0 (M_High group)] collected from CRC patients who underwent surgical resection were used. MicroRNA sequencing was performed to screen differential microRNAs involved in CRC LNM. The selected microRNAs were validated in CRC tissue and cell lines using qRT-PCR. The functions of candidate miR-1248 were evaluated by CCK-8, colony formation, and Transwell assay. The binding of miR-1248 with its target PSMD10 was confirmed by luciferase activity assay, and the expression of PSMD10 in tissues was detected by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction.
Results.
Ninety-five miRNAs were downregulated in carcinoma tissue (M_Low and M_high groups) compared with Normal group. Their expression in M_High group was significantly lower compared with M_Low group. The top3 were hsa-miR-635, hsa-miR-1248, and hsa-miR-668-3p. After validation in tissues/cell lines, only hsa-miR-1248 was decreased in high metastatic tissues or SW620 cells compared to low metastatic tissues or SW480 cells. hsa-miR-1248 was found to inhibit CRC cell viability, proliferation, invasion, and migration. The tumor suppressor effect of miR-1248 in CRC cells was attenuated or enhanced by up-regulating or down-regulating PSMD10, respectively.
Conclusion.
miR-1248 may act as a tumor suppressor gene in CRC by targeting and inhibiting PSMD10, which provides a clue for CRC treatment.
Changes of autonomic nervous system activity on idiopathic premature ventricular complexes after radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Ding Bing , Dai Yunlang , Zhang Fangfang , Hui Jie , Chen Yunhu , He Linyan , Xie Liqian
Published: May 2022

Objective Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is a standard treatment for idiopathic premature ventricular complexes (PVCs). This study was aimed to determine autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in patients with low, medium and high PVC burdens pre- and pro-RFCA. Methods We retrospectively analyzed a total of 200 patients underwent radiofrequency ablation surgery for idiopathic PVCS from June 2017 to March 2021. The procedural ablation success was achieved in 179 of the 200 (89.5%). Patients had success ablation was classified into low burden PVC group (PVCs/min ≤15%), medium burden PVC group (15%> PVCs/min <25%) and high burden PVC group (PVCs/min ≥25%). We assessed the clinical data, time and frequency-domain variables, heart rate turbulence(HRV) and deceleration capacity of rate of patients with different PVC burdens and various ablation site. Spearman correlation analysis was performed.Results High burden PVCs had higher mean HR, SDANN, SDNN index, standard deviation of normal to normal intervals (SDNN), root-mean square successive differences (rMSSD), pNN50 and lower ratio of low-frequency (LF)/ high-frequency (HF), compared to low burden PVCs. After ablation, SDNN, SDNN index, SDANN, rMSSD, pNN50, TS (turbulence slope) and DC (deceleration capacity) were significantly decreased (P<0.01), while LF/HF and TO was significantly increased (P<0.01). The burden of preoperative PVCs was positively correlated with LVD, mean HR, SDNN index, SDANN, rMSSD and pNN50, but negatively correlated with TC, LDL-C, LVEF and LF/HF. Regression analysis showed that the burden of PVCs was positively correlated with mean HR (P=0.000), SDANN (P=0.000) and rMSSD (P=0.000).Conclusion With the increase of PVCS burden, both sympathetic and vagus nerve activities are enhanced. The numbers of PVCS may be related to impaired autonomic nerve balance regulation. RFCA reduced parasympathetic activity and sympathetic activity after eradication of PVCS.
Effect of irrigation water level and Frequency on Tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum) in lowland area of Ethiopia
Authors: Nigatu Belihu , Getu Demisew , Getachew Tsegaye , Getaneh Biruk
Published: May 2022

Irrigation water level and frequency for crops is vital for irrigation water management and planning. Irrigation regime is planning when and how much water to apply to maintain healthy plant growth during the growing season. However, in the study area the amount of irrigation and frequency application is not properly determine and the farmers has lacked knowledge how much water applied to tomato crops in the lowland area of north shewa. Therefore, this study is to determine the irrigation level and frequency for tomato vegetable. The experiment was conducted in a randomly completed block design with three replication using 15 treatments where 150%Etc, 125%Etc, 100%Etc, 75%Etc, and 50%Etc water level and three irrigation interval. The results indicated that marketable fruit yield, total fruit yield, water use efficiency and plant height were significant (P < 0.05) affected by irrigation regime. The highest yield was 54.49 t/ha while the lowest was 37.89 t/ha. Statically 48.5 t/ha yield in the amount of irrigation water 376.71 mm depth with the water use efficiency 10.79 kg/m 3 and safe 3127.33m3 water from one hectare and get 0.59 ha additional irrigation land. The application of water in each stage was initial 33.64 mm with 5 days interval, development-one 60.54 mm with 9 days interval, development-two 94.18 mm, mid 94.18 mm and late 94.18 mm with 14 days interval water application used. Therefore, the total depth of the water during the growth period of tomato at the study area is applied 4431.94m3/ha to get 48.95t/ha tomato yield gave an additional irrigation land.
Preparation of bio-based adsorbent from waste tomato stem and used as photocatalyst for Basic Red 2 photocatalysis
Authors: Eskikaya Ozan , Arslan Hudaverdi , Gun Melis , Bouras Hadj Daoud , Dizge Nadir
Published: May 2022

Many natural substances contain calcium oxide (CaO), which is found in their basic structure. Due to its excellent structure and non-toxic properties, it is a potential element in the field of environmental management. The photocatalytic activity of bio-based catalyst synthesized from waste tomato stem (WTS) containing CaO (WTS-CaO) was examined in this study. This study is unique in that it uses a photocatalyst made from waste tomato stems to remove dye in a photocatalytic system. Characterizations of WTS-CaO were obtained using FTIR, XRF, SEM, and EDX analyses methods. In photocatalytic tests, the effects of light source, photocatalyst dosage, pH, and dye concentrations on dye removal efficiency was investigated at 90 min. In addition, the samples were subjected to sintering operations at temperatures of 900oC in order to examine the synthesis of CaO from waste tomato stem. Basic Red 2 (Safranin) which is a cationic dye was used in the photocatalytic experiments. The above parameters were determined to be optimal for photocatalytic studies done: 0.5 g/L catalyst dosage, 5 mg/L dye concentration, reuse of catalyst, amount of H2O2 and original solution pH under visible light.
Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma after breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy for breast cancer: A case report and literature review
Authors: Hoshina Hideko , Kubouchi Kouichi , Tsutsumi Yutaka , Takei Hiroyuki
Published: May 2022

Background
Radiation-induced sarcoma (RIS) has a 10-year incidence of 0.2–0.27% and a poor prognosis. In particular, radiation-induced fibrosarcoma has been rarer, and its incidence is 2.6–3.7% of RIS.
Case presentation:
A 43-year-old woman with pT1N1M0 breast cancer underwent breast-conserving surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy eight years ago, and continued hormonal therapy. She complained of a hard mass palpated in her right axillary breast. Although we suspected local recurrence, core needle biopsy revealed atypical spindled tumor cells without mammary or epithelial markers. A diagnosis of fibrosarcoma was made via tumorectomy. She underwent additional enlarged surgery.
Conclusions
We report a rare case of fibrosarcoma after breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy. Fibrosarcoma after radiation therapy for breast cancer has been reported in 30 cases, including the present case. The dead and alive cases were not significantly different in terms of age, primary breast cancer, radiation dose, and following months. Patients with breast masses after radiation therapy should be suspected local recurrence and RIS.
Design, synthesis of Dioxopiperidinamide derivatives by amide coupling reaction and study of their biological activity
Authors: Kaliraj S , Jeyalakshmi R
Published: May 2022

A series of fifteen dioxopiperidinamide derivatives synthesized and their spectra chemical data were reported. An alternative amide coupling reaction has been followed by using 3-aminopiperidine-2,6-dione through amide bond functionalization between N-Ethyl-N′-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC.HCl) and Hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt). All the designed compounds were docked in to the active sites of 2A73: Human Complement Component C3. All the docked compounds is favorable to make both hydrogen and hydrophobic interaction with amino acids located at the binding site. The most of potential compounds 4g, 4h and 7 studied for their anticancer activity on the THP-1 cancer cells line. It was also further established their Anti-inflammatory activity and Antioxidant activity with the comparable efficiency against those of clinically used drugs.
High Stability of Ti3C2Tx MXene in PDLC-Based Energy Efficient Smart-Windows
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Park Hyun Min , Nguyen Huy , Kim Minwook , Nasir Naila , Kumar Manjeet , Seo Yongho
Published: May 2022

Among recently discovered MXenes, Ti3C2Tx MXene is the most popular candidate. But despite having many unique properties, its stability against oxidation is a major hurdle in its applications as it is easily oxidized under ambient conditions. To exploit the Ti3C2Tx MXene applicability, the stability against oxidation needs to be improved. In this study, we have found an application of Ti3C2Tx MXene in polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) based smart-windows which do not require additional treatment to MXene for preventing its oxidation. Before this application, the MXene surface passivation by a thin layer of UV-curable polymer NOA65 was also studied for long-term stability against oxidation. After polymer passivation, the stability of MXene was found to improve significantly as compared to the non-passivated MXene. In polymer passivated MXene, the sheet resistance increases by just 20% as compared to 800% in case of non-passivated counterpart as studied up to 180 days. During this period, the transmittance of polymer passivated MXene film remains almost the same. These results encouraged the use of MXene-coated glass substrates in PDLC-based smart-window applications. The polymer used in smart-windows fabrication not only encapsulates the liquid crystals, but it also preserves the MXene without any additional treatment to MXene surface. The conducting MXene electrode and PDLC-based smart-windows maintain high transmittance of around 71% after 180 days as compared to 74% on day 1 at a voltage of 50 V. The switch-ON time of the fabricated smart-window is <1 microsecond.
The analysis of body shape and application in Caenorhabditis elegans behavior and state classification
Authors: Li Ning , Chen Weiyang
Published: May 2022

Background：The changes of motor behavior of worms largely reflect the internal activities of the nervous system. At present, the automatic analysis of worm’s movement is a rapidly developing field. A new method is needed to parameterize the shape of worm, so as to digitally describe and reconstruct the shape of worm body in low dimensional space, and better analyze the differences of worm’s movement and behavior.Results: This paper presents a new method of worm shape representation, extraction and reconstruction based on video sequence data. Firstly, the head position is recognized according to the morphological characteristics of worms, and the head position information is saved in the matrix; Secondly, according to the principle of equal division of arc length, the nematode is divided into 60 equal parts, and the angle between each arc length and the horizontal plane is calculated to form a mathematical vector of shape; Thirdly, the shape of worms in each frame is reconstructed according to the angle vector, distributed and stacked on the time axis to form the analysis model of worm behavior. It is proved that the algorithm has great advantages in shape extraction and reconstruction. In addition, the angle vector of continuous time series was used as the behavior characteristics of worms, combined with the traditional motion characteristics to analyze and identify the motion differences between different strains of C.elegans .Conclusions: The algorithm can represent the shape of the worm trunk extracted from the motion video. Moreover, each frame image in the video was distributed and stacked on the time axis to form the motion behavior analysis model of model organisms. It can be used to compare and analyze the changes of worm behavior and body posture, to analyze different strains of worms and classify worm's state. The code is freely available at: https://github.com/stone00stone/worm-analysis.
Centre of pressure during walking after unilateral transfemoral amputation
Authors: Ichimura Daisuke , Hisano Genki , Murata Hiroto , Kobayashi Toshiki , Hobara Hiroaki
Published: May 2022

Lower-limb amputation imposes a health burden on amputees; thus, gait assessments are required prophylactically and clinically, particularly for individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation (UTFA). The centre of pressure (COP) during walking is one of the most useful parameters for evaluating gait. Although superimposed COP trajectories reflect the gait characteristics of individuals with neurological disorders, the quantitative characteristics based on the COP trajectories of individuals with UTFA remain unclear. Thus, these COP trajectories were investigated across a range of walking speeds in this study. The COP trajectories were recorded on a split-belt force-instrumented treadmill at eight walking speeds. Asymmetry and variability parameters were compared based on the COP trajectories of 25 individuals with UTFA and 25 able-bodied controls. The COP trajectories of the individuals with UTFA were significantly larger in lateral asymmetry and variability but did not show significant differences in anterior–posterior variability compared with those of the able-bodied controls. Further, the individuals with UTFA demonstrated larger lateral asymmetry at lower speeds. These results suggest that (1) individuals with UTFA adopt orientation-specific balance control strategies during gait and (2) individuals with UTFA could also be exposed to a higher risk of falling at lower walk speeds.
Revisiting ecohydrological separation
Authors: Zhao Ying , Orlowski Natalie , Wang Yi , Liu Jinzhao
Published: May 2022

The ecohydrological separation (EHS) paradigm, frequently compared with the translatory flow (HH), opens up a new understanding of terrestrial water cycles. Recent finding of cryogenic vacuum extraction (CVE) bias and associated correction no longer supports the EHS but goes back to HH. However, we found systematic similarities in plant and soil water lines for a global database, whereby the CVE-bias correction may not shift the EHS and/or HH.
Face-to-Face Assessment of Basic Life Support Knowledge: A Prospective Study
Authors: Daou Rafi , Abillama Fayez , Tanios Alain , Estephan Michelle , Nakhle Ramzi , Khoury Vanessa , Boulos Rasha
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Basic Life Support (BLS) is the rapid detection of cardiac arrest and the initial adequate response to maintain adequate ventilation and circulation. Multiple studies around the world have shown that when used infrequently, BLS skills will deteriorate within 3 to 6 months after training, even though the theoretical knowledge was retained longer. We aim to identify differences in training and knowledge among different physician populations according to their age, specialty, and area of practice and provide areas of improvements. Methods: A multi-center prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 institutions around all areas of Lebanon from January 2017 to December 2019. A structured questionnaire adapted from pretest questionnaire that has been previously used in similar studies was implemented. Data Analysis was performed using the R software version 3.5.1. We used graphical boxplot representation of the data to demonstrate the distribution of our results. Results: 201 responses from randomly chosen physicians were collected. Out of these 201 physicians, ten physicians answered all questions correctly and twelve others only answered two questions correctly. Only 39.80% (80) of physicians achieved “sufficient knowledge” level. Conclusion: This present study highlights the need for BLS course to be implemented and given to all physicians and the importance of a refreshment course to all physicians.
Treatment of Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Rectum with Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Fan Ling , Fu Yan , Liu Yi , Huang Hua
Published: May 2022

Background: Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is an unusual plasma cell disease. The diagnosis of EMP requires biopsy-proven monoclonal plasma cell infiltration of a single lesion, and the exclusion of multiple myeloma, which can be challenging. EMP most commonly occurs in the head and neck, with the gastrointestinal tract rarely involved. The clinical suspicion of gastrointestinal EMP is infrequent owing to its location and nonspecific manifestations. EMP localized in the rectal is extremely rare, Only 13 cases have been reported in the English-language literature as far as we know. We report a case of EMP arising in the rectum, which is fully removed using endoscopic mucosal resection.Case presentation: A 64-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with recurrent diarrhea for longer than half a month. She underwent colonoscopy which revealed a polypoid lesion of rectum, the lesion was fully excised using endoscopic mucosal resection. The pathology specimens showed massive infiltration of tumour plasma cells, and the immunohistochemical staining showed that: CD38 (+), CD79a (+), Mum - 1 (+), IgG (+), kappa (+), whereas the CD20 (-), CD3 (-), CD5 (-), lambda (-). The histopathological examination coupled with immunohistochemistry of the endoscopic biopsy confirmed a primary EMP of rectum after excluding multiple myeloma. She did not receive radiotherapy or chemotherapy after being diagnosed with EMP and experienced no recurrence or progression during the 6-month follow-up period.Conclusions:Rectal EMP is an extremely rare clinical entity, a definitive diagnosis relies on histopathological analysis, which usually obtained following endoscopy with biopsy or surgical resection of the tumor. Although rectal EMP has an indolent course and favorable prognosis, long-term follow-up is recommended due to the possibility of relapse or progression to multiple myeloma. We hope that the endoscopic and histopathological findings and treatment of solitary rectal EMP we present will be valuable for the management of similar manifestations of EMP in other patients.
Evaluation of the metabolomic profile through ¹H-NMR spectroscopy in ewes affected by hyperketonemia
Authors: Lisuzzo Anastasia , Laghi Luca , Fiore Filippo , Harvatine Kevin , Mazzotta Elisa , Faillace Vanessa , Spissu Nicoletta , Zhu Chenglin , Moscati Livia , Fiore Enrico
Published: May 2022

Ketosis is one of the most important health problems in dairy sheep. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic alterations in hyperketonemic ewes. Forty-six adult Sardinian ewes were enrolled between 7 ± 3 days after partum. Blood samples were collected in Venosafe tubes containing clot activator from jugular vein after clinical examination. The β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) was evaluated on serum and used to divide ewes into two groups: Group H (serum BHB < 0.86 mmol/L) and Group K (serum BHB ≥ 0.86 mmol/L). Animal data and biochemical parameters of groups were examined with one-way ANOVA, whereas the metabolite significant differences were examined by t-test. A robust principal component analysis model and a heatmap were used to highlight possible common trends among metabolites. Over-representation analysis was performed to investigate metabolic pathways potentially altered in connection with the studied BHB alterations. The metabolomic analysis identified 54 metabolites and 14 were significant. These metabolites indicate altered ruminal microbial populations and fermentations; an interruption of the tricarboxylic acid cycle; initial lack of glucogenic substrates; mobilization of body reserves; the potential alteration of electron transport chain; influence on urea synthesis; alteration of nervous system, inflammatory response, and immune cell function.
A Secure Lightweight Mutual Authentication Scheme in Social Industrial IoT Environment
Authors: Amor Arij Ben , Jebri Sarra , Abid Mohamed , Meddeb Aref
Published: May 2022

The Social Industrial Internet of Things (SIIoT) is a new paradigm that integrates social networking features into the Industrial IoT (IIoT) environment to enforce efficient and effective service discovery and collaboration between smart IoT objects in a friendly and scalable way. Therefore, in such environment, the establishment of secure and trust communication scheme is a crucial need between peer IoT devices having similar social profiles. In addition, the limited resource constrained IoT devices are unable to deal with huge computational overheads. To address these issues, we propose a novel solution offering secure Fog-based Social Industrial IoT (Fog-SIIoT) scheme. Fog-SIIoT guarantees mutual authentication, anonymity, and secure communication through a trust key agreement between social smart things. The proposed scheme is suitable for the social resource constrained IIoT as it only uses hash function, bitwise XOR operation, and symmetric cryptography. Comparing to correlative schemes, our solution presents many advantages in terms of security aspects, efficiency, social-awareness, and reduced computation overheads. Besides, the security analysis indicates that our scheme can withstand many known attacks.
Cellular mechanisms and effects of interleukin-4 receptor alpha blockade in a novel murine model of conjunctivitis evoked by skin inflammation
Authors: Han Hongwei , Cummings Sheila , Shade Kai-Ting C , Johnson Jennifer , Qian George , Gans Joseph , Shankara Srinivas , Escobedo Javier , Zarazinski Erik , Bodinizzo Renee , Bryce Paul , Hicks Alexandra
Published: May 2022

Ocular surface diseases, including conjunctivitis, are recognized as a common comorbidity in atopic dermatitis (AD) and also occur at an increased frequency in AD patients treated with biologics targeting interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Ra) or IL-13. However, the inflammatory mechanisms underlying this pathology are unknown. Here, we developed a novel mouse model of skin inflammation-evoked conjunctivitis and showed that it is dependent on CD4+ T cells and basophils. Blockade of IL-4Ra partially attenuated conjunctivitis development, downregulated basophil activation and led to a reduction in expression of genes related to type 2 cytokine responses. Together, these data suggest that an IL-4Ra-basophil axis plays a role in the development of murine allergic conjunctivitis. Interestingly, we found a significant augmentation of a number of genes that encode tear proteins and enzymes in anti-IL-4Ra-treated mice, which may underlie the partial efficacy in this model and may represent candidate mediators of the increased frequency of conjunctivitis following dupilumab in AD patients.
Sports Participation and Obesity in Children with Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Authors: Baleilevuka-Hart Marica E. , Khader Ayesha , Cesar Gonzalez de Alba , Holmes Kathryn W. , Huang Jennifer
Published: May 2022

Children with congenital heart disease (CHD), including bicuspid aortc valve (BAV) are at an increased risk of obesity and sedentary behaviors. These factors track strongly into adulthood, and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to describe predictors of obesity and sports participation in children with BAV. We performed a cross sectional study of children between the ages of 8 and 17 years with isolated BAV at Oregon Health & Science University. We excluded those with other CHD, genetic conditions, prior aortic valve or ascending aortic replacement and inability to ambulate independently. Parents were contacted to complete a phone survey examining level of daily activity and participation in competitive sports. Demographic information including gender, age and body mass index were collected from the electronic medical record. Controlling for age, logistic regression was performed with obesity as an independent variable. In total, 110 individuals participated in telephone surveys. The prevalence of obesity was 17% compared to state reported prevalence of 12.9%. The prevalence of obesity amongst athletes was 9% compared to 28% in non-athletes. In adjusted univariate analysis, participation in competitive sports was associated with decreased likelihood of obesity (OR 0.24, CI 0.078-0.74). There were no adverse events. Sports participation in children with BAV is associated with decreased obesity. Pediatric cardiologists should encourage sports participation rather than restrict in.
Research on Factors Influencing the Non-suicidal Self-injury Behaviors among Adolescents in China based on the DEMATEL-TAISM Method
Authors: Lan Zhensong , Pau Kee , Yu Hapsah Md , Huang Xuefang
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To analyze the influencing factors of adolescent NSSI behavior and their interrelationships, and to establish a total influencing factor model. Methods: Through literature review, semi-structured interview and expert consultation, the influencing factors of adolescent NSSI behavior in Guangxi, China were identified, and a total adversarial multi-level interpretive structure model of influencing factors of adolescent NSSI behavior was constructed based on DEMATEL-TAISM methods.Results: This paper intuitively shows the influencing factors and action paths of adolescents' NSSI behavior, and analyzes the system logic of the elements, as well as the relationship between the elements of the model. At last, some suggestions are put forward to provide ideas for the intervention service of adolescent NSSI behavior in Guangxi Province, China.
Time-dependent numerical methods for the quantum hydrodynamic model for semiconductor devices
Authors: Gardner Carl L.
Published: May 2022

Numerical methods are developed for the time-dependent smooth quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model for semiconductor devices by solving the underlying hyperbolic gas dynamical part of the transport equations with a third-order WENO method, treating the quantum mechanical terms as source terms; the parabolic heat conduction term using the TRBDF2 method; and the elliptic Poisson equation using PCG. These are the first time-dependent simulations of the smooth QHD model, and the first time-dependent simulations of any QHD model at 300 K. Time-dependent simulations of the resonant tunneling diode to steady state are presented, which show realistic negative differential resistance (the experimental signal of quantum resonance) in the current-voltage curve.
Analysis of spatial and temporal impact differences of birth rate in mainland China
Authors: Zhang Jinwei , Ding Shuzhen , Hu Xijian
Published: May 2022

The continuing decline in the birth rate has led to a serious problems, such as the disproportion population structure, severe aging population, which has restricted the country’s economic development. To understand more deeply the geographical differences and influencing factors of the birth rate, this paper collects and organizes the birth population data of 31 provinces in mainland China from 2014 to 2019. The national region is divided into seven natural geographical regions to obtain the spatial hierarchy, and a hierarchical Bayesian spatio-temporal model is established. The model parameters are estimated by the INLA algorithm. The results show that there are significant spatial and temporal differences in birth rates in mainland China, which are reflected mainly in the combination of economic, spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal interaction effects. With the increase of per capita disposable income, population’s fertility intention decreases, but regional GDP still has a high positive impact on the local birth rate. The spatial and temporal pattern of the birth rate is the remaining explanation. In spatial dimension, the northeast is low, the northwest and southwest are high, and the birth rate has an upward trend from east to west. These trends are caused by unbalanced economic development, different fertility attitudes and differences in fertility security, reflecting regional differences in spatial effects. In the time dimension, from 2014 to 2019, China’s birth rate showed an overall downward trend. However, all regions except the northeast saw a significant but temporary increase in birth rates in 2016 and 2017, reflecting the time effect difference in birth rates.