bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and characteristics of cough headache in a Chinese respiratory clinic
Authors: Zhang Yimo , Zhao Xin , Wang Yan , Dong Zhao , Yu Shengyuan
Published: November 2020

Background

To evaluate the prevalence, predictive factors and clinical characteristics of cough headache in our respiratory clinic and to investigate the coexistence between cough headache, migraine and tension-type headache.

Method

We consecutively investigated patients referred to our respiratory clinic with complaints of cough and selected patients with cough headaches to complete a structured interview and examination.

Results

Six hundred and seventy-nine patients with cough were studied and 122 patients were diagnosed with cough headache. The prevalence of cough headache was 18.0% in these coughing patients. According to multivariate analysis, being of an age between 31–50 years was a risk factor for cough headache (OR 2.0). Cough headache was associated with cough severity: Compared with the mild group, the moderate group (OR 2.3) and the severe group (OR 3.3) were more vulnerable to cough headache. Headache severity had a positive correlation with cough severity (ρ = 0.301, p = 0.028), age (ρ = 0.199, p = 0.029), and headache duration (ρ = 0.242, p = 0.008). In cough headache patients, 30.3% had tension-type headache and 10.7% had migraine in the preceding year.

Conclusions

Cough headache is not rare in respiratory clinics and the characteristics are somewhat different from those in headache clinics. An age of between 31–50 years and cough severity were risk factors for cough headache. Headache severity was related to cough severity, age and headache duration.
Techniques and Forces and the Communicative Constitution of Organization: A Deleuzian Approach to Organizational (In)Stability and Power
Authors: Mease Jennifer J.
Published: November 2020

This article introduces five principles of Deleuzian ontology and the conceptual framework of techniques and forces into emerging CCO scholarship addressing (dis)organization and power. By introducing Deleuzian concepts of (1) the virtual, (2) mutual (in)stability of meaning and materiality, (3) forces (and techniques), (4) communication, and (5) power, this essay builds a relational ontology that centers communication, speaks across existing theories of CCO, and offers a more detailed emphasis on power. In doing so, it enhances the explanatory power of CCO in general, as a set of theories useful for describing how organizational constitution and power play out in an increasingly (dis)organized world where the prevalence of bounded stable organizations can no longer be taken for granted.
Dialogue Orientations in Workplace Meetings
Authors: Cionea Ioana A. , Kavya Pavitra , Wyant Mizuki H.
Published: November 2020

This study examined conversation preferences in workplace meetings via a cross-sectional survey of working adults ( N = 217). Dialogue orientations from the argumentation literature were employed in conjunction with a typology of meetings proposed by the authors to examine communication and satisfaction in various types of meetings. Results revealed that three dialogue orientations (negotiation, information-giving, and eristic) predicted meeting satisfaction to a moderate degree. In addition, the use of several dialogue orientations differed depending on meeting type and an individual’s supervisory role. We discuss how these results can inform our understanding of dialogue opportunities and constraints during meetings, and recommend ways for improving meetings. These results are discussed in the context of organizational communication, including practical recommendations and theoretical implications.
Behavior of the average-log-ratio ALR gear-damage detection algorithm in cases of a single damage form
Authors: Mark William D
Published: November 2020

A mathematical model of static-transmission-error frequency-domain contributions caused by a single generic form of gear-tooth damage is used to explain observed behavior of the average-log-ratio (ALR) gear-damage detection algorithm applied to a case of tooth-bending-fatigue damage. The periodic behavior of rotational-harmonic frequency spectra resulting from tooth damage is explained and experimentally verified. Monotonic increases in ALR contributions in the rotational-harmonic region below the tooth-meshing fundamental harmonic are unambiguously related to increasing gear damage by use of Parseval’s theorem for the discrete Fourier transform. Computation of ALR using rotational-harmonic bands between adjacent tooth-meshing harmonics is suggested for early detection of gear damage. Large high-frequency ALR contributions are explained by transmission-error jump (step) discontinuities caused by large tooth-pair deformations, indicating a severe state of damage.
Comparison of surface integrity of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy manufactured by laser deposition and traditional method after end milling
Authors: Wang Ben , Zhang Qi , Wang Minghai , Zheng Yaohui , Kong Xianjun
Published: November 2020

Ti alloy has been widely applied in aerospace due to its high strength, good corrosion resistance, and excellent high-temperature performances. The quality and usability of Ti alloy parts are closely related to surface integrity. In this study, a comparative analysis of the milling surface integrity between laser deposition manufacturing and traditional Ti6Al4V samples was conducted. End milling surfaces of additive and traditional Ti6Al4V samples were observed with an orthogonal experiment under different milling parameters from the perspectives of cutting force, surface morphology, surface roughness, subsurface damages, and microhardness. Results demonstrate that the additive Ti6Al4V sample has a slightly higher cutting force and surface roughness relative to traditional Ti6Al4V. This is related to the higher hardness and plasticity of the additive Ti6Al4V sample. There are unmelted powder particle defects on the milling surface of the additive Ti6Al4V sample and serious cracking defects on the subsurface of the additive Ti6Al4V sample. The microhardness of the work hardening layer and base of the additive Ti6Al4V sample is higher than that of traditional Ti6Al4V. Moreover, the additive Ti6Al4V sample presents higher work hardening and a larger depth of the hardening layer. These findings demonstrate that material properties and manufacturing processes can influence surface integrity significantly.
Glaucocalyxin A Protects H9c2 Cells Against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Injury Through the Activation of Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
Authors: Peng Zhuo , Zhang Rui , Pan Longfei , Pei Honghong , Niu Zequn , Wang Hai , Lv Junhua , Dang Xiaoyan
Published: November 2020

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most serious cardiovascular diseases associated with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) is a biologically active ent-kauranoid diterpenoid that has been found to ameliorate myocardial I/R injury in mice. However, the mechanism has not been fully investigated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of GLA on rat cardiomyocytes H9c2 cells exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). The results showed that GLA treatment improved cell viability of H/R-stimulated H9c2 cells. Administration with GLA suppressed the H/R-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in H9c2 cells. GLA also elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in H/R-stimulated H9c2 cells. Moreover, GLA prevented H/R-stimulated cell apoptosis in H9c2 cells, as evidenced by increased bcl-2 expression, decreased bax expression, as well as reduced caspase-3 activity. Furthermore, GLA enhanced the activation of protein kinase B (Akt)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway in H9c2 cells exposed to H/R. Additionally, treatment with LY294002 reserved the protective effects of GLA on H/R-stimulated oxidative injury in H9c2 cells. In conclusion, these findings suggested that GLA protected H9c2 cells from H/R-stimulated oxidative damage, which was mediated by the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Thus, GLA might be a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of myocardial I/R.
Comparison of the Effects of Liraglutide on Islet Graft Survival Between Local and Systemic Delivery
Authors: Lee Song Mi , Kim Donghee , Kwak Kyung Min , Khin Phyu Phyu , Lim Oh Kyung , Kim Kwang-Won , Kim Byung-Joon , Jun Hee-Sook
Published: November 2020

Islet transplantation has emerged as a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, protects beta cells after islet transplantation by improving glycemic control through several mechanisms. In this study, we compared the effects of local pretreatment and systemic treatment with liraglutide on islet transplantation in a diabetic mouse model. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice were transplanted with syngeneic islets under the kidney capsule. Isolated islets were either locally treated with liraglutide before transplantation or mice were treated systemically by intraperitoneal injection after islet transplantation. Local pretreatment of islets with liraglutide was more effective in increasing body weight, decreasing hemoglobin A1c levels, and lowering blood glucose levels in STZ-diabetic mice transplanted with islets. Local pretreatment was also more effective in increasing insulin secretion and islet survival in STZ-diabetic mice. Histological analysis of the transplantation site revealed fewer apoptotic cells following local pretreatment compared with systemic injection of liraglutide. These findings indicate that liraglutide administered once locally before transplantation might have superior effects on islet preservation than systemic administration.
Surgical Management Evolution Between 2 Massive Burn Cases at 17-Year Interval: Contribution of Cell Therapies in Improving the Surgical Care
Authors: Monnier Sandra , Abdel-Sayed Philippe , Roessingh Anthony de Buys , Hirt-Burri Nathalie , Chemali Michèle , Applegate Lee Ann , Raffoul Wassim
Published: November 2020

We report the cases of 2 patients admitted to our hospital at a 17-year interval, both with 90% total body surface area (TBSA) burns. These two young patients were in good health before their accident, but major differences in time of intensive care and hospitalization were observed: 162 versus 76 days in intensive care unit and 18 versus 9.5 months for hospitalization, respectively. We have analyzed the different parameters side-by-side during their medical care and we have identified that the overall improved outcomes are mainly due to a better adapted fluid reanimation in combination with the evolution of the surgical management to encompass allogenic cellular therapy (Biological Bandages). Indeed, autologous cell therapy using keratinocytes has been used for over 30 years in our hospital with the same technical specifications; however, we have integrated the Biological Bandages and routinely used them for burn patients to replace cadaver skin since the past 15 years. Thus, patient 1 versus patient 2 had, respectively, 83% versus 80% TBSA for autologous cells, and 0% versus 189% for allogenic cells. Notably, it was possible that patient 2 was able to recover ∼6% TBSA with the use of Biological Bandages, by stimulating intermediate burn zones toward a spontaneous healing without requiring further skin grafting (on abdomen and thighs). The body zones where Biological Bandages were not applied, such as the buttocks, progressed to deeper-stage burns. Despite inherent differences to patients at their admission and the complexity of severe burn care, the results of these two case reports suggest that integration of innovative allogenic cell therapies in the surgical care of burn patients could have major implications in the final outcome.
Investigation of mechanical properties of jute epoxy composite with fruit waste (Citrullus vulgaris peel) filler for automotive applications
Authors: Balakrishnan S , Krishnaraj C , Raajeshkrishna CR , Sivapandi P , Natrayan M
Published: November 2020

In the current investigation, the mechanical behavior of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) peel nano debris (described as a fruit filler) with different weight composition (0 wt. %, 1 wt. %, 2 wt. %, 2.5 wt. %, 5 wt. %, 7.5 wt. % and 10 wt. %) is reinforced with jute fabric in an epoxy matrix. The effect of filler concentration on tensile, hardness, flexural and impact strength are investigated as per ASTM standards. The findings indicate that the addition of fruit filler improves the mechanical property of jute composite. It is found that the presence of 2.5 wt. % filler in the nanocomposite records the highest value of tensile strength, flexural strength, and hardness of the jute epoxy composite and the 10 wt. % filler nanocomposites achieve a noticeable projection in impact strength. The fracture surfaces are examined for the fiber alignment, fiber-matrix adhesion, voids, filler agglomeration, and fiber fracture. Furthermore, a glass visor was developed to show the best mechanical performing potential and analyzed for deformation behavior and modal analysis using ANSYS.
Does the Implementation of Reference Pricing Result in Reduced Utilization? Evidence From Inpatient and Outpatient Procedures
Authors: Elser Holly , Lin Wei , Catalano Ralph A. , Brown Timothy T.
Published: November 2020

Reference pricing (RP) is an insurance design that can be used to incentivize patients to use low-price settings. While RP is not intended to affect overall utilization, it could unintentionally reduce utilization. We examined whether utilization was reduced when a large employer adopted RP for selected elective surgeries, including inpatient joint replacement surgery and outpatient cataract surgery, colonoscopy, and arthroscopic surgery. Data included a treatment group subject to RP implementation and a comparison group that was not. We applied autoregressive integrated moving average analysis as comparison-population interrupted time-series analysis to determine whether there were procedure reductions following RP implementation. We find no evidence of short-term decreases (within 3 months of RP implementation). However, we find very modest declines of approximately 14 (20%) fewer arthroscopic knee surgeries 6 months after RP implementation and 129 (17.2%) fewer colonoscopies 8 months after RP implementation. There were no declines in the other procedures examined.
The evaluation of von Mises stress field in bonded tiling ceramics as function of the elastic modulus of the tile-adhesive and joint grout mortars
Authors: Silva Luis , Sequeira Pedro , Melo Francisco , Lopes Carla V
Published: November 2020

The application of ceramic elements in exterior environments such as facades and floors is a common practice, even when more compliant supports are applied. Such conditions naturally conduct to significant stress increase at the level of the system bonding of ceramic elements. For example, thermal differential expansions in the different materials as result of the temperature gradient from the external surface up to internal layers can build-up stresses at the interfaces, in a magnitude level in excess of the bonding stresses binding them. A proposed finite element modeling was applied in previous works, in which the temperature field distribution from the origin of the thermal source induces a temperature variation carried out incrementally in the simulation. A temperature gradient is assumed from the exposed face, through the elements interfaces until the internal ceramic-adhesive mass. Using the same numerical model, this research led to the evaluation of the equivalent von Mises thermal stress criterion. Adopting different elastic modulus combinations for the tile adhesive and the joint grout, it is recognized how much this property can impact the final stresses and contribute to the best option about the field of application. In fact, independently from the adopted conditions, it is shown that best joint performance is particularly achieved when elastic modulus of the joint grout has lower values, such as 0.1 GPa. On another hand, other key parameters are also very relevant, as the case of the joint width and the support rigidity level.
Silencing of SPP1 Suppresses Progression of Tongue Cancer by Mediating the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Qiaoli , Li Lifeng , Lai Yueli , Zhao Tong
Published: November 2020

Background:

In the present study, we aimed to find an effective target for the treatment of tongue cancer using gene chip screening and signal pathway research.

Methods:

We used microarray screening and gene expression profile analyses to find important differentially expressed genes in tongue cancer. We constructed a protein-protein interaction network, and used enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes to screen for important genes. We then silenced the genes of interest in SCC154 cells to study the relationship with the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signal pathway. Western blot analyses, the 3-(4,5Dimethylthiazol-yl)-2,5Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, and immunofluorescence assays were used to compare the expression levels of Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signal pathway-related proteins, cell viability, and cell proliferation ability in normal SCC154 cells, Si-RNA SCC154 cells, and gene-silenced SCC154 cells. The scratch test, Transwell test, and western blotting were used to determine migration, invasion, and carcinogenesis.

Results:

Using GSE9844, GSE13601, and GSE31056 gene chips, we identified 93 upregulated genes and 76 downregulated genes in tongue cancer. Using the protein-protein interaction network and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses, we further identified 47 differentially expressed genes. Using Kaplan-Meier plotter online tools, we also identified 3 genes (SPP1, Recombinant Human Secreted Phosphoprotein 1; PLAU, plasminogen activator urinary; and APP, amyloid precursor protein). Compared with normal SCC154 cells and Si-RNA control SCC154 cells, the expressions of Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway proteins in si-SPP1 SCC154 cells were significantly decreased (*P < 0.05), and the protein activities and proliferation abilities were also significantly decreased (*P < 0.05), while the migration ability, invasion ability, and cancer forming ability were significantly increased (*P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Inhibition of the SPP1 gene may have a therapeutic effect on tongue cancer, and could be an effective target for the treatment of this disorder.
Three-Dimensionally-Precise Breast Conformal Device for IMRT in Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Breast-Conserving Surgery—A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: He Chunbo , Zhang Shilin , Shi Lei
Published: November 2020

Objective:

To examine the accuracy and efficiency of breast radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery of a novel 3-dimensional (3D) printing tissue compensator technology, the 3D-precise breast conformer, compared with a usual compensator and an unstructured compensator.

Methods:

This novel device is patented in China (patent No.: ZL2015 2 0259472.9). Thirty patients with breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery were randomly divided into 2 control groups (no compensator, NST group, and usual compensator, ST group) and 1 study group (3D-precise breast conformer, 3D-BCT group) (n = 10/group). Before radiotherapy, all patients were scanned in the same CT positioning conditions to prepare the treatment plans.

Results:

The 3D-BCT showed the best homogeneity index (HI) (0.08 ± 0.03) and conformity index (CI) (0.95 ± 0.03), while the NST group showed the worst HI (0.34 ± 0.07) and CI (0.78 ± 0.06), with the ST group between the 2 (HI: 0.15 ± 0.05; CI: 0.87 ± 0.04) (all P < 0.01). The common tissue compensation membrane could lead to 95-100% of the prescription dose covering 85-95% of the target volume, and the uniformity and conformability of the target dose were improved overall compared with the NST group. In the 3D-BCT group, 100% of the prescription dose covered the target volume of 95-100%.

Conclusion:

The 3D-precision breast conformal device had the highest individualization, uniformity, and conformity. The V95, V98, CI, and HI of PTV were optimal in the 3D-BCT group, and an ideal isodose curve distribution of the breast and clavicle upper and lower target areas was achieved. This device could improve the surface dose and the efficacy of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery.
Correlation Between Patients With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Nares Colonization and MRSA Diabetic Foot Infections
Authors: Brondo Jacquelyn , Morneau Kathleen , Hopkins Teri , Yang Linda , Cadena-Zuluaga Jose , Walter Elizabeth
Published: November 2020

Infectious Diseases Society of America diabetic foot infection (DFI) guidelines indicate empiric methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) coverage for patients with a history of MRSA infection, when local prevalence of MRSA is high, or infection is clinically severe. These recommendations may lead to overutilization of empiric MRSA coverage, which can result in serious consequences. A strong negative predictive value (NPV) has been reported in literature for pneumonia, and recently, for all anatomical sites of infection. While these findings are promising, further validation is needed before clinicians may confidently use MRSA nares to guide empiric therapy for DFIs. A retrospective electronic medical record review was completed between October 1, 2013 and October 1, 2019. Patients met inclusion criteria if they were at least 18, admitted with a DFI, had MRSA nares test results, and DFI cultures. Patients were excluded if pregnant or MRSA infection within 1 year prior to index admission for DFI. A total of 200 patients met inclusion criteria. The majority of study participants were male with a mean age of 63. NPV of MRSA nares for MRSA DFIs was determined to be 94% and positive predictive value 58%. Sensitivity and specificity were 56% and 94%, respectively. Results of this study are consistent with prior literature supporting strong correlation of NPV for MRSA nares. The DFIs evaluated suggest a strong NPV of MRSA nares for MRSA DFIs, which may allow for faster de-escalation of empiric anti-MRSA antibiotic therapy and lower risk of adverse events associated with anti-MRSA therapy.
Prognostic Indicators of Wound Healing in Atypical Wounds: A Case Series
Authors: Janowska Agata , Romanelli Marco , Oranges Teresa , Davini Giulia , Iannone Michela , Dini Valentina
Published: November 2020

Healing rate is the most accurate method to predict healing; however, there are no data in atypical ulcers. We retrospectively analyzed clinical features, associated comorbidities, and therapies of 159 patients with atypical ulcers. In a subgroup of 59 patients, we analyzed the areas, perimeters, and the healing rate (mm/d) as prognostic indicators of wound healing. Atypical ulcers were more frequent among women (n = 98) with an average age of 76 years. Confirmed by biopsy, the etiologies were as follows: inflammatory diseases (38%), neoplastic ulcers (29%), vasculitis (21%), drug-induced ulcers (7%), and infectious ulcers (4%). Systemic therapies were applied based on the different etiologies. Wound bed preparation principles guided the local treatment. The average reduction of the area during the observation interval was 36%, while the average reduction in the perimeter was 41%. Overall, 51 ulcers showed a reduction in wound size and 8 ulcers showed an increase. Neoplastic ulcers were the group with the fastest healing rate, with an average speed of 0.24 mm/d. The slowest healing occurred in the inflammatory group with an average healing rate of 0.032 mm/d. The initial area and perimeters influenced wound healing; however, ulcer etiology and comorbidities significantly altered the healing rate.
Positive Childhood Experiences (PCE): Cumulative Resiliency in the Face of Adverse Childhood Experiences
Authors: Baglivio Michael T. , Wolff Kevin T.
Published: November 2020

The maltreatment-offending relationship has been well elucidated. Less examined are protective factors that effectively serve to mitigate offending among ACE-exposed youth. The current study examines whether cumulative positive childhood experiences (PCEs) are themselves associated with a reduction in recidivism among juvenile justice-involved adolescents, and the ability of cumulative PCE to moderate the ACE-recidivism relationship. Results demonstrate, among over 28,000 juvenile offenders, high ACE scores were associated with increased reoffending, and high PCE scores were associated with decreased recidivism, as measured by both rearrest and reconviction. Further, among juveniles with four or more ACEs who have six or more PCEs, reconviction was 23% lower and rearrest 22% lower when compared to those youth with four or more ACEs and less than six PCEs, controlling for a host of demographic and criminal history measures. Findings indicate that among youth with high PCE scores the positive association between ACEs and recidivism is no longer significant. Implications for juvenile justice practice and policy are discussed.
Simultaneous Electroencephalographic and Electocorticographic Recordings of Lateralized Periodic Discharges in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Sakata Ayumi , Mukae Nobutaka , Morioka Takato , Tanaka Shunya , Shimogawa Takafumi , Shigeto Hiroshi , Hotta Taeko , Kang Dongchong , Mizoguchi Masahiro
Published: November 2020

Objective

Lateralized periodic discharges (LPDs), which constitute an abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern, are most often observed in critically ill patients with acute pathological conditions, and are less frequently observed in chronic conditions such as focal epilepsies, including temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Here we aim to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of LPD in TLE.

Methods

We retrospectively selected 3 patients with drug-resistant TLE who simultaneously underwent EEG and electrocorticography (ECoG) and demonstrated LPDs. We analyzed the correlation between the EEG and ECoG findings.

Results

In patients 1 and 2, LPDs were recorded in the temporal region of the scalp during the interictal periods, when repeated spikes followed by slow waves (spike-and-wave complexes; SWs) and periodic discharges (PDs) with amplitudes of >600 to 800 µV appeared in the lateral temporal lobe over a cortical area of >10 cm2. In patient 3, when the ictal discharges persisted and were confined to the medial temporal lobe, repeated SWs were provoked on the lateral temporal lobe. When repeated SWs with amplitudes of >800 µV appeared in an area of the lateral temporal lobe of >10 cm2, the corresponding EEG discharges appeared on the temporal scalp.

Conclusions

LPDs in patients with TLE originate from repeated SWs and PDs of the lateral temporal lobe, which might represent a highly irritable state of the lateral temporal cortex during both interictal and ictal periods.
Recruitment of Men Into a Pragmatic Rural Primary Care Weight Loss Trial
Authors: Punt Stephanie E. , Kurz Daniel L. , Befort Christie A.
Published: November 2020

Men remain underrepresented in behavioral weight loss trials and are more difficult to recruit compared to women. We describe recruitment response of men and women into a mixed-gender behavioral weight loss trial conducted within 36 rural primary care clinics. Participants were recruited through primary care clinics via direct mailings ( n = 15,076) and in-clinic referrals by their primary care provider (PCP). Gender differences were examined in response rate to direct mailings, study referral source, and rates of proceeding to study screening, being eligible, and enrolling. Men had a lower response rate to direct mailings than women (7.8% vs. 17.7%, p < .001). Men (vs. women) responding to the mailing were more likely to respond by opt-in postcard (64.6% vs. 56.8%) and less likely to respond by phone (33.9% vs. 39.6%), p = .002. Among potential participants contacting the study ( n = 2413), men were less likely to report being referred by PCPs (15.2% vs. 21.6%; p < .001), but were just as likely to proceed to screening, be eligible, and enroll. Men and women were more likely to proceed to screening when referred by PCPs (93.3% vs. 95.4%) compared to direct mailings (74.2% vs. 73.9%). Enrolled men were older ( p < .001), more likely to be married ( p = .04), and had higher levels of education ( p = .01). Men were less likely than women to respond to direct mailings and to be referred by their PCP, but after contacting the study, had similar screening, eligibility, and enrollment rates. Encouraging and training providers to refer men during clinic visits may help recruit more men into primary care-based weight loss trials.
Transradial access for embolization of cerebral aneurysms with the woven EndoBridge device: Case series and review of the literature
Authors: Son Colin , Tavakoli-Sabour Samon
Published: November 2020

Background

Transradial access is an increasingly utilized route for neurointerventions with benefits of lower rates of access site complications, earlier patient mobilization and increased patient satisfaction over transfemoral interventions. There is limited data on deployment of the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) via transradial access. We report a case series of consecutive patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm embolization with the WEB device via transradial biaxial access.

Methods

A database of neuroendovascular procedures was queried for consecutive aneurysm embolization procedures involving the WEB device and intended via the transradial approach between August 2019 and July 2020. Patient demographics, radiological aneurysm characteristics and procedure details were recorded and statistically evaluated. Google Scholar and Pubmed were searched for previous reports of transradial WEB embolization.

Results

Ten aneurysms were treated in ten patients. All aneurysms were treated with successful WEB deployment. Nine of the ten aneurysms were successfully treated via transradial biaxial access. One aneurysm required conversion to transfemoral access. There were no clinical complications and no morbidity or mortality.

Conclusions

Transradial embolization of cerebral aneurysms with the WEB device is safe and feasible with low rates of access failure or complications.
Aneurysm of the anterior tibial artery as a complication of infectious endocarditis
Authors: Terranella Samantha L , Deal Rebecca A , Farlow Erin C , Keen Richard R , Sheng Neha
Published: November 2020

Objective

Mycotic aneurysms of the infrapopliteal vessels are rare, with few cases reported in the literature. Management strategies are diverse and should be tailored to the patient’s presentation.

Methods

We describe the case of a 40-year-old male who presented with a painful left leg mass in the setting of bacteremia and infective endocarditis. Imaging revealed an aneurysm of the anterior tibial artery.

Results

The patient was treated with antibiotics and open surgical repair with excision of the aneurysmal sac, ligation of the anterior tibial artery, and primary repair of the popliteal artery and tibioperoneal trunk.

Conclusion

The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical management of infrapopliteal aneurysms are briefly reviewed in this case study.
Examining school leadership in a transitional context: A mixed-methods study of leadership practices and school cultures as mechanisms of educational change
Authors: Kovačević Jasna , Mujkić Alisa , Kapo Amra
Published: November 2020

This research presents the results of studies designed to observe the effects of school leadership and school culture as mechanisms of change in the context of a large-scale educational reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A mixed-methods approach was employed to illuminate how institutional context either activates or deactivates leadership and school cultures as mechanisms that influence teacher efficacy beliefs in times of large-scale educational reform. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed through three independent studies. Quantitative procedures included measurement model analysis, structural equation modeling and a non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test. The qualitative analytic approach encompassed procedures of content analysis and quantification of qualitative data from reform documents and semi-structured interviews in the form of hierarchical clustering and multidimensional scaling. The triangulation of findings occurred in the interpretation phase, characterized by the development of meta-inferences that go beyond the findings from each study.
The “cheerleader effect” in facial and bodily attractiveness: A result of memory bias and not perceptual encoding
Authors: Hsieh Jean YJ , Gwinn O Scott , Brooks Kevin R , Stephen Ian D , Carragher Daniel J , Nicholls Michael ER
Published: November 2020

Individual faces are rated as more attractive when presented in a group compared with when presented individually; a finding dubbed the “cheerleader effect.” As a relatively recent discovery, the conditions necessary to observe the effect are not clearly understood. We sought to better define these conditions by examining two parameters associated with the effect. Our first aim was to determine whether the effect is specific to faces or occurs also for human bodies. Both face and body images were rated as being more attractive when presented in groups than when presented in isolation, demonstrating that the cheerleader effect is not restricted to faces. Furthermore, the effect was significantly larger for bodies than faces. Our second aim was to determine whether the cheerleader effect originates from a bias in memory or occurs during perceptual encoding. Participants in the “memory” condition provided attractiveness ratings after images had been removed from the testing screen, whereas participants in the “perceptual” condition provided ratings while the images remained visible, thereby eliminating the memory components of the paradigm. Significant cheerleader effects were only observed in the memory condition. We conclude that the cheerleader effect for faces and bodies is due to a bias in memory and does not occur at an initial stage of perceptual encoding.
Of Sound and Flavour – Revisiting the Notion of Material for the Cultural Sociological Analysis of Art Domains
Authors: Darmon Isabelle
Published: November 2020

This article proposes a possible path for a materialist cultural sociology of art, focusing on the dynamics of art(s) domains and harnessing Adorno’s dialectical notion of material anew. I seek to establish links between dynamics of the arts domains and the fostering of specific modes of engagement with them – and, potentially, stances in other domains of life. I argue that a return to Adorno’s notion of (musical) material allows for such connections to be made: the ‘material’ is where the dynamics of the specific arts domains are inscribed; but it is also what is engaged with – by composers and artists as well as by interpreters, performers and publics. A dialectical material lens seems well suited for the critical study of the dynamic of arts domains in the 20th and 21st centuries, given the multiple artistic ‘breaks’ proclaimed. Focusing on some well-known movements in music and cuisine which sought to ‘emancipate’, ‘democratise’, and ‘diversify’ sounds and flavours, I analyse the processes through which they produced sound and flavour anew. I suggest that sounds and flavours themselves have become the carriers of logics relevant to music and cuisine, and that they have come to imperiously command modes of commitment (from composers and chefs, performers, listeners and diners alike) that evince specific stances. Through this necessarily sketchy survey, I provide indications that broader, cross-cutting cultural dynamics may be at stake. Overall, I seek to make clear what theoretical steps are afforded by the joint attention to materiality and the dynamic of art domains.
Adhesions as a component of the trigger finger: a dynamic sonographic study
Authors: Ling Chuang Xue , McGrouther Duncan A.
Published: November 2020

We performed a detailed dynamic high-resolution ultrasound examination of the flexor tendons in trigger fingers and compared this with normal contralateral digits. There was a loss of defined linear tendon margins and/or traction of the flexor tendons on the surrounding soft tissue during passive flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint in 17 out of 20 trigger fingers, which indicated adherence to the surrounding tissues. The differential motion between the flexor digitorum profundus tendon and the flexor digitorum superficialis tendons was also lost in ten trigger fingers, which suggested adherence between the tendons. No signs of peritendinous or intertendinous adhesions were found in the healthy control fingers. We conclude that tendon adhesions are present in the majority of trigger fingers. We could not determine a relationship between the severity of triggering and the presence of adherence due to limited sample size.

Level of evidence: II
Embracing Weakness: An Investigation of the Role of Weakness in Spiritual Growth
Authors: Burns Scott
Published: November 2020

Adversity awakens people to the value of weakness and its role in spiritual growth. Qualitative research was conducted to ascertain ways in which adversity impacts spiritual growth. Semi-structured interviews exploring the lives of 12 mature Christians examined how God worked through adversity to bring depth. Three primary categories of spiritual transformation emerged: (1) Awareness of self, humanity, God, and God’s grace; (2) Openness to engage tension as a catalyst of growth, in accepting and extending grace to others, and in partnering with God; and (3) Realism about the time, process, and pain involved in spiritual growth. Through crises, patterns of self-reliance fail and are exposed, awakening believers to the limits and fallenness of human life in such a way that they gain a greater appreciation for the role weakness plays in catalyzing dependence on God in everyday life leading to deeper spiritual maturity.
Changes in Primary Care Visits in the 24 Weeks After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders Relative to the Comparable Time Period in 2019 in Metropolitan Chicago and Northern Illinois
Authors: Macy Michelle L. , Huetteman Patricia , Kan Kristin
Published: November 2020

Objective

In this brief report, we characterize pediatric primary care service utilization in metropolitan Chicago over the first 24 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic response in relation to the comparable time period in 2019.

Methods

We examined retrospective visit and billing data, regardless of payer, from 16 independent pediatric practices that utilize a common electronic medical record platform within an Accountable Care Organization of 252 pediatricians in 71 offices throughout metropolitan Chicago. We categorized visits as Well-Child and Immunization-Only (WC-IO) or Other types and identified visits with a telemedicine billing modifier. Diagnoses for Other visits were tallied and categorized using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Clinical Classification System. We summarized counts of visits and the proportion of visits with a telemedicine billing modifier in one-week epochs for 2020 compared with 2019.

Results

There were 102 942 total visits (72 030 WC-IO; 30 912 Other) in 2020 and 144 672 visits (80 578 WC-IO; 64 094 Other) in 2019. WC-IO visits in 2020 were half of 2019 visits at the start of the Illinois Stay-at-Home Order and returned greater than 90% of 2019 visits in 8 weeks. Other visit types have remained below 70% of 2019 visits. A telemedicine billing modifier peaked in mid-April (21% of all visits) and declined to <10% of all visits in June (Phase 2 reopening). The top 10 most common diagnoses differed between years.

Conclusions

Recovery of well child and immunization visits suggests that practice-level efforts and policy change can ensure children receive recommended care as the pandemic evolves.
Use of a 3D Virtually Reconstructed Patient-Specific Model to Examine the Effect of Acetabular Labral Interference on Hip Range of Motion
Authors: Higashihira Shota , Kobayashi Naomi , Choe Hyonmin , Sumi Kosuke , Inaba Yutaka
Published: November 2020

Background:

The labrum is likely to influence impingement, which may also depend on acetabular coverage. Simulating impingement using 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) is a potential solution to evaluating range of motion (ROM); however, it is based on bony structures rather than on soft tissue.

Purpose:

To examine ROM when the labrum is considered in a 3D dynamic simulation. A particular focus was evaluation of maximum flexion and internal rotation angles before occurrence of impingement, comparing them in cases of cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (BDDH).

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT scans of 40 hips (20 with cam-type FAI and 20 with BDDH) were reviewed retrospectively. The thickness and width of the labrum were measured on MRI scans. A virtual labrum was reconstructed based on patient-specific sizes measured on MRI scans. The impingement point was identified using 3D dynamic simulation and was compared with the internal rotation angle before and after labral reconstruction.

Results:

The thickness and width of the labrum were significantly larger in BDDH than in FAI ( P < .001). In FAI, the maximum internal rotation angles without the labrum were 30.3° at 90° of flexion and 56.9° at 45° of flexion, with these values decreasing to 18.7° and 41.4°, respectively, after labral reconstruction ( P < .001). In BDDH, the maximum internal rotation angles were 48.0° at 90° of flexion and 76.7° at 45° of flexion without the labrum, decreasing to 31.1° and 55.3°, respectively, after labral reconstruction ( P < .001). The differences in the angles before and after labral reconstruction were larger in BDDH than in FAI (90° of flexion, P = .03; 45° of flexion, P = .01).

Conclusion:

As the labrum was significantly more hypertrophic in BDDH than in FAI, the virtual labral model revealed that the labrum’s interference with the maximum internal rotation angle was also significantly larger in BDDH.

Clinical Relevance:

The labrum has a significant effect on impingement; this is more significant for BDDH than for FAI.
A Strongly Inherited Familial Symphalangism of All the Proximal Interphalangeal Joints
Authors: Nightingale Craig , Kyprianou Katerina , Syed Mobin
Published: November 2020

Symphalangism is a rare congenital condition resulting in ankylosis of the interphalangeal joints to a varying degree. This can lead to significantly reduced function of the hand. The condition is difficult to assess in infants due to lack of radiographical evidence, and as such thorough history and examination is crucial. Treatment options include conservative and surgical management. It is difficult to achieve full range of movement in more advanced cases, but significant improvements have been noted in less severe cases. Best results are seen when patients are treated before the age of 2 years. This is a case of a inherited symphalangism with a strong family history, and their decision to manage this problem conservatively. In these cases, a strong input from physiotherapy and occupational therapy is the mainstay of management.
Ewing Sarcoma With Emphasis on Extra-skeletal Ewing Sarcoma: A Decade’s Experience From a Single Centre in India
Authors: Murthy Sudha S , Challa S , Raju KVVN , Rajappa SJ , Fonseca D , Gundimeda SD , Rao BV , Ahmed F , Kodandapani S , Nambaru L , Mundada MC , Sharma R , Mallavarapu KM , Koppula VC , Rao TS
Published: November 2020

Introduction:

The diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma family of tumours (ESFT) is challenging, especially in adults and in extra-skeletal or visceral location. Several morphologic mimics with varied treatment options and prognosis confer diagnostic dilemmas. Application of ancillary diagnostic modalities in surgical pathology in clinical routine has enabled accurate diagnosis of ESFT in bone, soft tissues, and viscera.

Aim:

The study aims to assess the clinicopathological features including molecular test results of ESFT with emphasis on sex, age, and location, especially extra-skeletal soft tissue and visceral location.

Material and Methods:

Data of clinicopathological, molecular tests (wherever performed), diagnosis rendered in 302 ESFT over a decade from our centre were reviewed. Statistical comparison of skeletal and extra-skeletal tumours with reference to age and sex was done using SPSS package. The P value of <.05 was considered significant.

Results:

The cohort included 302 ESFTs with 49% skeletal and 51% extra-skeletal tumours. Thigh was most common site among skeletal tumours; chest wall, paraspinal location, and retroperitoneum among soft tissues (39.4%); and kidney, ovary, and cervix among visceral tumours (11.3%). Fluorescence in situ hybridisation for EWSR1 gene rearrangement was positive in 54 patients and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in 19 patients. Predominance of male sex, younger age and location in extremities among skeletal tumours and lack of gender predilection, higher age and axial location in extra-skeletal tumours were noted, which were statistically significant. Molecular tests were performed more frequently in extra-skeletal tumours, especially in visceral tumours to establish the diagnosis.

Conclusions:

The study showed statistically significant differences in the age, sex, and location between skeletal and extra-skeletal ESFT. The increased percentage of extra-skeletal tumours especially in viscera was attributed to the increased awareness and availability of ancillary techniques.
Dentate Gyrus Proliferative Responses After Traumatic Brain Injury and Binge Alcohol in Adult Rats
Authors: Ton Son T , Adamczyk Natalie S , Gerling Jack P , Vaagenes Ian C , Wu Joanna Y , Hsu Kevin , O’Brien Timothy E , Tsai Shih-Yen , Kartje Gwendolyn L
Published: November 2020

Background:

Traumatic brain injury is a significant public health issue that results in serious disability in survivors. Traumatic brain injury patients are often intoxicated with alcohol when admitted to the hospital; however, it is not clear how acute intoxication affects recovery from a traumatic brain injury. Our group has previously shown that binge alcohol prior to traumatic brain injury resulted in long-term impairment in a fine sensorimotor task that was correlated with a decreased proliferative and neuroblast response from the subventricular zone. However, whether binge alcohol prior to traumatic brain injury affects the proliferative response in the hippocampal dentate gyrus is not yet known.

Methods:

Male rats underwent binge alcohol (3 g/kg/day) by gastric gavage for 3 days prior to traumatic brain injury. Cell proliferation was labeled by BrdU injections following traumatic brain injury. Stereological quantification and immunofluorescence confocal analysis of BrdU+ cells in the hippocampal dorsal dentate gyrus was performed at 24 hours, 1 week and 6 weeks post traumatic brain injury.

Results:

We found that either traumatic brain injury alone or binge alcohol alone significantly increased dentate gyrus proliferation at 24 hours and 1 week. However, a combined binge alcohol and traumatic brain injury regimen resulted in decreased dentate gyrus proliferation at 24 hours post-traumatic brain injury. At the 6 week time point, binge alcohol overall reduced the number of BrdU+ cells. Furthermore, more BrdU+ cells were found in the dentate hilar region of alcohol traumatic brain injury compared to vehicle traumatic brain injury groups. The location and double-labeling of these mismigrated BrdU+ cells was consistent with hilar ectopic granule cells.

Conclusion:

The results from this study showed that pre-traumatic brain injury binge alcohol impacts the injury-induced proliferative response in the dentate gyrus in the short-term and may affect the distribution of newly generated cells in the dentate gyrus in the long-term.