bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical approach to recurrent secondary aortoenteric fistulas: A case report
Authors: Zarbaliyev Elbrus , Konukoğlu Oğuz , Çağlıkülekçi Mehmet , Mansuroğlu Denyan , Baş Serap , Kilercik Hakan
Published: September 2021

The increasing number of abdominal aortic grafts due to abdominal aortic aneurysms has caused secondary aortoenteric fistulas to be seen more frequently as a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. High index of suspicion plays a significant role in the diagnosis in patients having clinical symptoms ranging from fecal occult blood to massive gastrointestinal bleeding, accompanied by hemorrhagic shock. A 65-year-old male patient developed two secondary aortoenteric fistulas consecutively. The first one was aortic graft-jejunal and the second one was aortic graft-duodenal in a short period. Secondary aortoenteric fistula developed after aortobifemoral bypass. The patient underwent graft revision and jejunal repair. He was reoperated three months later due to the newly developed aortic graft-duodenal fistula. The duodenal defect was closed, and an extra-anatomic aortoiliac bypass was performed to avoid graft-related enteric fistula. The patient was discharged uneventfully and was free from any complication at nine months after surgery.
Delayed presentation of bone cement implantation syndrome requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support
Authors: Kumbasar Ulaş , Bonde Pramod
Published: September 2021

Bone cement implantation syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal complication which may occur following cemented bone surgery. Herein, we present a case of delayed and fatal presentation of bone cement implantation syndrome following cemented spinal surgery, despite mechanical support with extracorporeal mechanical oxygenation.
Bosna i Hercegovina u antičko doba u kontekstu zapadnobalkanske historiografije u prve dvije decenije 21. stoljeća
Authors: Šačić Beća Amra
Published: September 2021

Zbog ratnih dešavanja u periodu 1992–1995. došlo je do primjetne stagnacije u procesu arheoloških i historijskih istraživanja rimskog razdoblja bosanskohercegovačke historije. Međutim, u posljednje dvije decenije u regiji je objavljen značajan broj radova koji se bave problematikom peregrinskih civitates, municipalnih jedinica, te romanizacijom i urbanizacijom prostora današnje Bosne i Hercegovine. Autori poput Borisa Olujića, Alke Kunić Domić, Siniše Dujmušića-Bilića, Danijela Džine, Snežane Ferjančić, Svetlane Lome, Dragane Grbić (Nikolić), Domagoja Tončinića, Marina Zaninovića i Radmile Zotović svoju naučnu pažnju su u najvećoj mjeri usmjerili na pojedinačne indigene zajednice, vojna pitanja i municipalnu organizaciju. Kada je riječ o naučnicima koji se pišući u širem kontekstu o Dalmaciji, odnosno Panoniji, dotiču problematike administrativnog uređenja na prostoru današnje Bosne i Hercegovine, posebno treba istaći radove slovenske naučnice Marjete Šašel Kos. U kontekstu hronologije jasno se uočava da se najveći broj radova koji su objavljeni u posljednje dvije decenije bavi temama iz perioda Augustove i Tiberijeve vladavine. Akcenat je na izučavanju položaja indigenih zajednica u periodu vojnih sukoba s Rimom, dok je problematika njihovog razvoja nakon Bellum Batonianum (6–9. god.) dosta zanemarena. Također, može se primijetiti da nema revizije ranijih mišljenja u vezi s nastankom i razvojem municipalnih jedinica. To je rezultiralo time da gotovo uopće nema radova koji obrađuju administrativne teme koje se odnose na drugo i treće stoljeće nove ere. U radovima koji se odnose na period kasne antike uočava se prisustvo određenih, savremenih političkih ideologija karakterističnih za devedesete godine prošlog stoljeća. U zapadnobalkanskoj historiografiji u prve dvije decenije 21. stoljeća prvi put se rimski utjecaj na tlu savremene Bosne i Hercegovine počinje izučavati primjenom naučnih metoda anglosaksonske klasične škole. Postprocesualisti i strukturalisti s prostora bivše Jugoslavije odbacuju ranija viđenja pojmova pleme, romanizacija i Ilirik te ih vide kao produkt imperijalističke historiografije.
Interpretativne aporije bosanskohercegovačke historiografije
Authors: Džaja Srećko Mato
Published: September 2021

Na dosadašnjim konferencijama u Sarajevu o BiH u historiografiji, uz case studies, prisutna je i tema interpretiranja BiH kao jedne cjeline. Pri tome se interpretacije bošnjačke, hrvatske i srpske historiografije međusobno toliko razlikuju da predstavljaju prave interpretativne aporije, posebno kada je u pitanju kontinuitet sa srednjim vijekom. Pripadnici bošnjačke historiografske tradicije rado govore o BiH kao državi i historijskom identitetu BiH u jednini, više posvećuju pozornosti onome što smatraju zajedničkim za cjelokupno bh. pučanstvo, a međusobne razlike pokušavaju interpretirati kao sekundarne, odnosno manje relevantne pojave. U srpskom nacionalnom narativu BiH nije cjelina za sebe nego samo dio srpskog političkog i kulturološkog prostora odnosno samo jedna od srpskih zemalja. Slično je BiH pozicionirana i u hrvatskom nacionalnom narativu, dakako s hrvatskim političkim i kulturološkim predznakom. Uz to treba primijetiti da je hrvatski narativ pod udarom povijesnih zbivanja izgubio na rezolutnosti u proglašavanju BiH hrvatskom zemljom i da je u historiografiji bosanskih franjevaca prisutna svijest o dvojnosti identiteta bh. Hrvata, naime svijest o BiH kao vlastitoj izvornoj domovini i svijest o istodobnoj pripadnosti hrvatskoj kulturi. Da bi se prevladale te aporije i otvorio put prema historiografskom znanstvenom diskursu u svom prilogu autor naglašava potrebu sustavnog istraživanja bosanskoga srednjovjekovlja i uspoređivanje bosanske srednjovjekovne paradigme s osmanskom paradigmom na institucionalnoj, demografskoj i kulturološkoj razini. Dosadašnji istraživački pristupi još su uvijek parcijalni a interpretacije opterećene pretjeranim spekulacijama.
Historiografski radovi o Bosni i Hercegovini u vrijeme austrougarske uprave (1878–1918) objavljeni u zemlji u vremenskom okviru od 2001. do 2017. godine
Authors: Šehić Zijad
Published: September 2021

Period austrougarske uprave u Bosni i Hercegovini (1878–1918) imao je značajne posljedice za njen politički, privredni i kulturni razvoj, što je u velikoj mjeri utjecalo na povećani naučni interes za proučavanje i interpretiranje problematike iz tog razdoblja. Iako se taj period smatra jednim od bolje obrađenih razdoblja bosanskohercegovačke prošlosti, nekoliko faktora je utjecalo na znatno manji obim historijskih istraživanja tog razdoblja: manji broj istraživača, skromnija sredstva, kao i uopće status historijske nauke u društvu. Autor u radu analizira historiografske radove o Bosni i Hercegovini publicirane u vremenskom periodu od 2001. do 2017. godine, stavljajući u fokus aktuelnosti tema, tematsku zastupljenost i stručnu interpretaciju radova, posebno ukazujući na činjenicu da u razmatranju problema historiografije treba insistirati na analizama historijskih izvora i naučno utemeljenim interpretacijama razmatranih tema. Na osnovu ocjena publiciranih radova autor daje neposredan uvid u težište istraživanja, vrši valorizaciju njihove vrijednosti te sugerira pravac budućih istraživanja, posebno marginalno zastupljenih tema u bosanskohercegovačkoj historiografiji.
Historiografija i pitanje karaktera rata u Bosni i Hercegovini 1992–1995.
Authors: Šadinlija Mesud
Published: September 2021

Autor se bavi pristupima i rezultatima istraživanja fenomena agresije na Republiku Bosnu i Hercegovinu u toku 1992–1995. godine, njegovim razumijevanjem i upotrebom u diskursu historijske nauke, kao i u različitim javnim diskursima u Bosni i Hercegovini, Srbiji i Hrvatskoj, odnosno unutar bosanskohercegovačkog, srpskog i hrvatskog identitetskog okvira
Локалне монографије у дијелу Босанске Крајине и Посавине (2001–2017)
Authors: Смиљанић Аранђел
Published: September 2021

У посматраном периоду објављен је велики број локалних монографија у нашој земљи. У раду ће бити обрађене само монографије које се односе на села и градове, и то на простору Босанске Крајине и Посавине. Илузорно је очекивати да би се могло доћи до свих локалних монографија и извршити њихова анализа, прије свега због временске ограничености. Највећи дио рада биће посвећен навођењу локалних монографија и њиховој анализи, како појединачној тако и уопштеној (њихове заједничке карактеристике). Завршни дио рада садржаће навођење добрих страна локалних монографија, али и њихових недостатака, пропуста и мањкавости. Поред тога, биће наведене препоруке на који начин би требало писати локалне монографије (истраживачки рад и садржај) како би оне имале већу научну вриједност у односу на оне из ранијег периода. У том дијелу саопштићу свој приједлог о ангажовању незапослених историчара на пројектима писања локалних монографија, као и начину њиховог финансирања. На крају ће бити изнијета идеја о коришћењу локалних монографија у основним и средњим школама како би ученици широм наше земље познавали своју локалну историју боље него што је то до сада био случај.
O papel da cartografia na formação inicial do docente, seus limites e possibilidades na licenciatura em geografia
Authors: Cruz Dayana Aparecida Marques de Oliveira , Ferreira Mariana da Silva
Published: September 2021

Este artigo discute o papel da linguagem cartográfica na formação inicial do docente, destacando limites e possibilidades. O fazer cartográfico mesmo estando ligado historicamente às classes dominantes se apresenta como possibilidade de ler e interpretar o mundo em seus diversos cenários cotidianos. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica o estudo corrobora para apresentar caminhos que possibilitem romper os limites impostos à Cartografia e apreendê-la como linguagem cuja contribuição para o ensino de Geografia corrobore para a formação do indivíduo com vistas a uma formação cidadã.  Consideramos que os limites na formação do docente em Geografia quanto à linguagem cartográfica são impostos por uma prática que necessita de reflexão. Refletir sobre essa prática pedagógica passa por pensar a educação para a formação cidadã, em como a cartografia se apresenta na formação inicial do docente em Geografia e em metodologias da linguagem cartográfica que contribuam para fazer esse fim.
Evaluating the Effect of Positive Touch on Moods of Mothers of Premature Infants Hospitalized in NICU: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Alijanzadeh Zaferani Seyedeh Fahimeh , Zabihi Ali , Jafarian-Amiri Seyedeh Roghayeh , Akbarian-Rad Zahra , Hajian Karim' Allah
Published: September 2021

Background: The birth and hospitalization of a premature infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can cause mood swings in mothers. Improving these mothers’ moods and reducing their stress is a care priority, which can be achieved by applying some innovative = strategies like using positive touch. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of positive touch on mood states of mothers of premature infants hospitalized in the NICU. Methods: The present randomized clinical trial was conducted on 80 mothers whose premature infants were hospitalized in the NICU of two hospitals in northern Iran in 2018. The participants were divided into two equal groups (n = 40) of experimental and control. All participants received a Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire both at the time of admission and discharge. The experimental group received positive touch from the beginning of admission to the NICU until the time of discharge, while the control group only received the routine care. Results: The mean and standard deviation of mothers’ mood scores before the intervention (74.35 ± 36.27) were significantly higher compared to after the intervention (48.63 ± 16.02) (P = 0.001). Moreover, the mean and standard deviation for the sub-components were as follows: (1) tension before intervention (13.6 ± 7.49) vs. after intervention (7.45 ± 4.107) (P < 0.001); (2) depression before intervention (15.73 ± 13.11) vs. after intervention (7.5 ± 8.85) (P < 0.001); (3) fatigue before intervention (7.5 ± 6.47) vs. after intervention (3.95 ± 2.88) (P < 0.001); (4) confusion before intervention (9.63 ± 4.65) vs. after intervention (6.73 ± 2.42) (P < 0.001); (5) anger before intervention (12.97 ± 9.58) vs. after intervention (6.07 ± 4.42) (P < 0.001); and (6) vigor before intervention (14.93 ± 4.59) vs. after intervention (16.93 ± 3.21) (P = 0.001). As the figures show, there were significant differences in all of the sub-components before and after the intervention. Conclusions: It is recommended that mothers be given more opportunities in the NICU to employ positive touch and establish a closer interaction with their infants.
O sonhar emancipatório e a educação
Authors: Lopes Eduardo Simonini
Published: September 2021

O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo problematizar o conceito de emancipação, especialmente sua apropriação pelo campo educacional. O referido conceito foi muito incorporado a discursos revolucionários – principalmente a partir do movimento iluminista no Século XVIII – para indicar a busca por uma vida mais livre, mais esclarecida e também mais feliz, trazendo, nesta perspectiva, orientações teleológicas que nutriram muitos sonhos político-ideológico-teológicos a promulgarem a possibilidade de se alcançar – pelas mais diferentes formas de lutas – instâncias de salvação coletiva e, ou bem-aventurança individual. A educação, quando significada como emancipatória, tendeu a fomentar propostas e práticas que muitas vezes se encontravam atreladas ao cultivo de ideais de progresso, desalienação ou empreendedorismo. Porém, acredita-se haver outras significações para o conceito de educação emancipatória, principalmente quando se aborda a emancipação não pela perspectiva do progresso ou da evolução, mas por uma orientação que se apóia em políticas de invenção, promotoras de crises, rupturas e movimentos que possam fazer nascer maneiras de pensar-agir não mapeadas e passíveis de criação de novas sensibilidades. Palavras-chave: Emancipação. Educação. Invenção.
A escola como lugar da cultura mais elaborada
Authors: Mello Suely Amaral , Farias Maria Auxiliadora
Published: September 2021

Por meio deste artigo, queremos refletir sobre os processos que medeiam a relação entre teoria e prática educativa na escola de Educação Infantil. Entendendo que o meio constituído pela herança cultural da humanidade é a fonte das máximas qualidades humanas postas como possibilidade de apropriação para as novas gerações em cada momento histórico, procuramos formas de promover a concretização deste pressuposto nas experiências oferecidas às crianças de uma escola infantil na periferia de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. Nossa hipótese inicial, orientada pelo enfoque histórico-cultural do desenvolvimento humano, defendida por Vigotski nos textos que fundamentam este artigo, era de que as qualidades humanas específicas que quiséssemos ver desenvolvidas nas crianças ao final do processo de educação deveriam estar presentes já no início de seu desenvolvimento, orientando esse desenvolvimento. Dessa forma, a convivência das formas iniciais de objetivação da criança com as formas mais elaboradas da objetivação humana deveria promover, no desenvolvimento das formas culturais de objetivação das crianças, saltos qualitativos significativos em direção ao mais elaborado. Para isso, acompanhamos a atividade das crianças de uma turma de cinco anos em uma unidade pública de Educação Infantil onde uma das autoras é coordenadora pedagógica, procurando observar as linguagens por meio das quais as crianças se objetivavam. A partir daí, procuramos ampliar o universo de referência das crianças, inserindo sua experiência cotidiana no seio da cultura mais elaborada. O resultado observado foi a promoção de saltos de qualidade na objetivação das crianças em direção às formas mais elaboradas a que passaram a ter acesso, demonstrando a apropriação que realizaram, tendo a cultura elaborada como fonte de sua humanização.Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil. Relação teoria e prática. Teoria histórico-cultural. Escola infantil e cultura.
Os bebês interrogam o currículo: as múltiplas linguagens na creche
Authors: Richter Sandra Regina Simonis , Barbosa Maria Carmen Silveira
Published: September 2021

O cotidiano das escolas de Educação Infantil evidencia que as propostas curriculares, na especificidade da creche, se concretizam através de três modalidades. Essas modalidades apontam para pedagogias adultocêntricas e “esco-larizadas” nas quais os bebês e as crianças pequenas não são reconhecidos como seres linguageiros, ativos e interativos em suas primeiras aprendizagens de convivência no e com o mundo. O poder delas de aprender a apropriar-se de significados através da inserção gradual em um conjunto de relações e processos constituem um sistema de sentido. A função docente, como co-produtora de currículo, efetiva-se na construção de um espaço educacional que favoreça, através da interlocução com as crianças e as famílias, experiências nas diferentes linguagens e nas práticas sociais e culturais de cada comunidade. Os bebês, em seu humano poder de interagir, interrogam esses modelos curriculares ao afirmarem, nas suas ações cotidianas, a interseção do lúdico com o cognitivo nas diferentes linguagens: a conciliação entre imaginação e raciocínio, entre corpo e pensamento, movimento e mundo, em seus processos corporais de aprender a operar linguagens e narrativas. Palavras-chave: Currículo. Múltiplas linguagens. Educação de bebês.
Editorial – Revista Educação
Authors: Bellochio Cláudia Ribeiro
Published: September 2021

Editorial
Costurando histórias: histórias de vida e suas contribuições na educação
Authors: Espindola Claiton Rosa , Vasconcellos Vanessa Alves Da Silveira de
Published: September 2021

Construímos este artigo analisando alguns aspectos do filme Colcha de Retalhos (1995), que é uma produção cinematográfica, que foi proposta para que assistíssemos e, posteriormente, refletíssemos em uma de nossas aulas do Seminário temático da Linha de Pesquisa 1: Memória, Formação e Histórias de vida , disciplina ofertada pelo Programa de Pós-graduação do curso de Mestrado em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. O filme enfoca as histórias de vida de um grupo de mulheres, tendo a colcha de retalhos como mediadora de suas relações sociais, bem como um suporte de comunicação para seus sentimentos e emoções, a partir das várias histórias, símbolos, figuras e desenhos que são apresentados nos bordados nesta “colcha de memórias”. Procuramos também fazer uma relação do filme com a metodologia História de Vida, e como esta se mostra rica nas pesquisas no campo educacional, proporcionando processo de autoformação aos sujeitos sociais envolvidos, à medida que o esforço pessoal de explicitação de uma dada trajetória de vida obriga a uma grande implicação e contribui para uma tomada de consciência individual e coletiva. Palavras-chave: História de vida; Formação; Subjetividade.
Educação em tempos de COVID: o que as instituições de ensino estão fazendo de acordo com a mídia online
Authors: Celestino Eduardo Henrique , Viana Adriana Backx Noronha
Published: September 2021

A situação vivenciada com a pandemia da Covid-19 no primeiro semestre de 2020 no mundo impactou praticamente todas as atividades humanas, inclusive a educação, que em sua modalidade presencial se tornou inviável. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental nas mídias online em jornais, revistas e portais de notícias com o objetivo de verificar se o que está sendo implementado pelas instituições de ensino no Brasil, em meio à pandemia, condiz com as etapas sugeridas pela literatura, sendo elas: a análise da organização, o diagnóstico do público-alvo, a definição do projeto pretendido, a elaboração dos materiais didáticos, a preparação do ambiente virtual, e o controle e a avaliação da experiência por parte dos alunos e docentes. Além disso, verificou-se também se as dificuldades enfrentadas estão presentes em outros estudos. Observou-se que as etapas necessárias para a implementação da educação a distância (EaD) presentes na literatura não estão sendo seguidas em sua totalidade (com foco na criação de materiais didáticos) e que as dificuldades enfrentadas mais citadas também são distintas: preocupação com os alunos mais pobres, mais jovens e adaptação por parte dos pais. Por fim, uma matriz tendo como eixos preparo/antecedentes com EaD vs. a complexidade do processo de ensino-aprendizagem é apresentada direcionando para possíveis estratégias de ensino.
Is serum fibroblast growth factor 21 associated with the severity or presence of coronary artery disease?
Authors: Nar Gokay , Cetin Sanlialp , Nar Rukiye , Kilic Oguz , Furkan Ozen , Gunver Guven , Ilyas Sevgican
Published: September 2021

Background: Recent studies have shown that increased circulating concentrations of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are associated with obesity, metabolic disorder, and atherosclerosis. However the relationship between FGF21 and coronary artery disease (CAD) is controversial This study was planned to investigate the role of FGF21 in CAD development and CAD severity. Methods: Seventy-eight patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) (lesion positive) and 40 control patients (lesion negative) with similar cardiovascular risk factors were included in the study. Serum FGF21 levels were measured by ELISA method. CAD severity was evaluated by using SYNTAX and GENSINI risk scores. Results: FGF21 concentrations were found significantly higher in the SAP group than in the control group. [101.18 ± 141.62 vs. 47.93 ± 58.74 pg/mL; p = 0.03], no correlation was found between the SYNTAX (r = 0.146 and p = 0.134) and GENSINI (r = 0.211 and p = 0.084) scores with serum FGF21 levels. There was a negative relationship between serum FGF21 and serum HDL-C levels in correlation analysis (r = - 0.272; p = 0.026). Conclusions: The serum FGF21 levels are different between SAP and control patients. FGF21 is a marker for CAD diagnosis, but not for the evaluation of CAD severity.
Research of the influence of spare parts quality on the work of a repair diesel engine
Authors: Krstić Vojislav , Krstić Božidar
Published: September 2021

When repairing the internal combustion Diesel engine, a set of spare parts was installed: crankshaft-flywheel. After the overhauol, the engine was tested on a test bench. After a very short time of operation, an engine failure occurred. Re-overhaul was started, with another set of spare parts: crankshaft-flywheel. After a short time of operation, there were recurrences of engine failures, according to the same mechanisms of occurrence.
Keanekaragaman laba-laba pada perkebunan kelapa sawit yang berbatasan dengan hutan
Authors:   PT. Tolan Tiga Indonesia (SIPEF GROUP), Asih Ulka Sri , Yaherwandi Yaherwandi ,   Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, Efendi Siska ,   Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Jurusan Budidaya Perkebunan, Fakultas Pertanian, Kampus III Universitas Andalas Dharmasraya
Published: September 2021

Oil palm plantations bordering forests were thought to affect the biotic components that make up the diversity of ecosystems, especially species with high mobilization and adaptability, such as spiders. This study aims to identify spiders found in oil palm plantations and analyzing diversity and evenness at various distances of oil palm plantations from the forest. Observations of spiders were carried out on oil palm plantations bordered by forests in Nagari Gunung Selasih and Sungai Kambut, Pulau Punjung District, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province. In oil palm plantations, a one km long transect line was made from the forest edge. In the sample plots, spiders were observed using a pitfall trap, knockdown, and hand collecting. Data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity and evenness index. The highest spider species diversity index was found at a distance of 100–300 m from the forest, respectively 3.06, 3.05, and 3.11. The same is true for the highest evenness index at a distance of 100–300 m from the forest, respectively, namely 0.94, 0.94, and 0.95. In general, the results of this study indicate that the presence of forest bordering the forest is thought to affect spiders in oil palm plantations.
Oração para pedir a Deus o bom uso das doenças
Authors: Pascal Blaise
Published: September 2021

"Senhor, como no momento da minha morte, me encontrarei separado do mundo, nu de todas as coisas, apenas diante de vossa Presença, para responder à vossa Justiça por todos os movimentos do meu coração, fazei-me considerar nesta doença como uma espécie de morte, separada do mundo, nua de todos os objetos de meus apegos, somente diante de sua presença para implorar de sua misericórdia a conversão do meu coração; E que eu tenha extrema consolação por Vós" (III). É assim que o filósofo Blaise Pascal, em estado de enfermidade, se dirige a Deus em sua Prière pour demander à Dieu le bon usage des maladies, agora traduzida para o Português pelo Instituto Ciência e Fé PUCPR. Esta pequena, mas profunda oração, feita por este pensador no século XVII nos demonstra que podemos fazer o bom uso inclusive das enfermidades.
Mundo 'hacker' y diseño (II): jaquear es diseñar en abierto
Authors: Foglia Efraín
Published: September 2021

El hacking y el open design (diseñar con protocolos abiertos) tienen mucho en común. Estas dos prácticas están ligadas en el ámbito filosófico y en la praxis. El open design es una tendencia que nace bajo la influencia del movimiento de software libre en la cuna del movimiento hacker. En este caso, el open design aplica los postulados de dicho movimiento a la práctica del diseño industrial.
УМЈЕТНИЧКО РУКОВОЂЕЊЕ ПОЗОРИШТИМА У БАЊАЛУЦИ: критеријуми при избору аутора и промишљање будућности позоришта Републике Српске или
Authors: Дамјанац Горан
Published: September 2021

У самом наслову и уводном цитату, покушао сам синтетизовати форму излагања, као и став који презентујем. Уз велики ризик, да се замјерим локалним умјетничким руководиоцима, ипак ми савјест није дала мира, те сам одлучио искористити јединствену прилику да јавно проговорим о проблемима бањолучких театара. Присјећајући се естетско-етичких принципа великана свјетског театра, све ми говори да сам на правом путу и да овим чином испуњавам своју театарску етичку обавезу. Да ли ћу овим постићи нешто – нисам сигуран, али ми је намјера да подстакнем размишљања и расправу о овој теми, јер је мој утисак да су позоришта опасана високим бедемима сујете, зависти, ароганције, самољубља и ситносопственичких интереса, што нас нагони на детаљну анализу, критичко разматрање и предузимање активности да се оваквог стање промијени.
КУЛТУРА ‒ РЕПУТАЦИЈА ГРАДОВА
Authors: Брадић Небојша
Published: September 2021

Нико не жели да живи у градовима без културе, нити да посећује места у којима нема уметничких садржаја. Многи градови који уживају креативни и економски успех поентирају присуством културне инфраструктуре и уметничког доприноса као важног дела њихове успешне приче. Да би развили такве наративе, градови оснажују везе између уметничких организација и културних институција. Политички, културни и бизнис лидери разумеју да инвестирање које су предузели у област културе даје добит у репутацији места.
Russia and the peculiarities of settling international conflicts in the XXI century
Authors: Iakovlev Egor Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2021

Being one of the world's leading powers the Russian Federation is the “constructor” of the modern world order, as well as the beneficiary of the modern system of international relations; therefore, peacekeeping holds the key position in foreign policy of the Russian Federation. Russia's contribution to the development of peacekeeping activity and settlement of military conflicts not only designates the role of the Russian Federation in international relations, but also characterizes the capability of the entire international system to face against military conflicts. This substantiates the relevance of studying the degree of participation of the Russian Federation in peacekeeping operations and settling military conflicts. Comprehensive analysis is conducted on the actions of the Russian Federation aimed at settling military conflicts. The conclusion is made that the Russian Federation can be engaged in settling military conflicts using traditional combat operations in most escalated part of the conflict. The capabilities and restrictions of the state form the role of the Russian Federation in settling military conflicts as traditional powerful, which in fact does not allow acting autonomously to the exclusion of other states or as a part of coalition to avoid severe diplomatic and reputational losses. Such narrow focus is justified by the current state of affairs and is not a constant at all times. For more active and full participation of the Russian Federation in settling international conflicts, it is feasible to develop the soft power components of peacekeeping activity, as well as evade the attempts of conduct peacekeeping operations outside of large intergovernmental coalitions.
An adaptive hybrid XdeepFM based deep Interest network model for click-through rate prediction system
Authors: Lu Qiao , Li Silin , Yang Tuo , Xu Chenheng
Published: September 2021

Recent advances in communication enable individuals to use phones and computers to access information on the web. E-commerce has seen rapid development, e.g., Alibaba has nearly 12 hundred million customers in China. Click-Through Rate (CTR) forecasting is a primary task in the e-commerce advertisement system. From the traditional Logistic Regression algorithm to the latest popular deep neural network methods that follow a similar embedding and MLP, several algorithms are used to predict CTR. This research proposes a hybrid model combining the Deep Interest Network (DIN) and eXtreme Deep Factorization Machine (xDeepFM) to perform CTR prediction robustly. The cores of DIN and xDeepFM are attention and feature cross, respectively. DIN follows an adaptive local activation unit that incorporates the attention mechanism to adaptively learn user interest from historical behaviors related to specific advertisements. xDeepFM further includes a critical part, a Compressed Interactions Network (CIN), aiming to generate feature interactions at a vectorwise level implicitly. Furthermore, a CIN, plain DNN, and a linear part are combined into one unified model to form xDeepFM. The proposed end-to-end hybrid model is a parallel ensemble of models via multilayer perceptron. CIN and xDeepFM are trained in parallel, and their output is fed into a multilayer perceptron. We used the e-commerce Alibaba dataset with the focal loss as the loss function for experimental evaluation through online complex example mining (OHEM) in the training process. The experimental result indicates that the proposed hybrid model has better performance than other models.
Effectiveness, tolerability and safety of Direct Acting Antivirals in Mexican individuals with Hepatitis C virus genotype-1 and previous pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy
Authors: Melendez-Mena Daniel , Mendoza-Torres Miguel Angel , Sedeño-Monge Virginia , García y García Víctor Hugo , Rivera-García Elain , Sánchez-Reza Laura , Baxin Domínguez María del Carmen , Guzmán-Flores Belinda , Martinez-Laguna Ygnacio , Coronel Espinoza José Manuel , Galindo-Santiago Iván , Flores-Alonso Juan Carlos , Vallejo-Ruiz Verónica , Cortes-Hernandez Paulina , Reyes-Leyva Julio , Sosa-Jurado Francisca , Santos-López Gerardo
Published: September 2021

Background

Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) represent a large improvement in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, resulting in <90% sustained virological response (SVR). There are no reports on the real-world DAA response for Mexico and few reports exist for Latin America. The aim of the study was to report SVR, and immediate benefits with the DAA treatments sofosbuvir, ledispavir, with/without ribavirin (SOF/LDV ± RBV) and ombitasvir, paritaprevir, ritonavir, dasabuvir with/without RBV (OBV/PTV/r/DSV ± RBV) in patients with viral genotype 1a or 1b, and who did not respond to previous peginterferon/ribavirin (PegIFNα2a+RBV) therapy.

Methods

A descriptive, ambispective, longitudinal study was conducted. A cohort of 261 adult patients received PegIFNα2a+RBV therapy before 2014; 167 (64%) did not respond, 83 of these were subsequently treated with SOF/LDV ± RBV or OBV/PTV/r/DSV ± RBV. Child-Pugh-Score (CPS), Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) were evaluated before and after treatment.

Results

SVR with PegIFNα2a+RBV was 36%, and 97.5% with DAAs. CPS, FIB-4 and APRI improved significantly after DAA treatment, mainly because of liver transaminase reduction.

Conclusions

DAA treatment showed excellent SVR rates in Mexican patients who had not responded to PegIFNα2a+RBV therapy. Improvement in CPS, FIB-4 and APRI without improvement in fibrosis was observed in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, as well as considerable reduction in liver transaminases, which suggests a reduction in hepatic necroinflammation.
Drug Interaction Management in Critically Ill Patient
Authors: Rajput Hemraj Singh , Shah Nirmal V.
Published: September 2021

Drug interaction in critically ill patient is very common and affecting patients Physically, Mentally and Financially. There are various measures which has been taken to minimize this burden on patient, such as books being prepared which include various drug interaction, maintain websites and database that provides information regarding drug interactions. With the use of these website and databases the drug interaction can be managed. It is common practice that side effects of drug interaction are being managed by additional drugs, the main reason behind it could be non-availability of alternative drugs or costlier alternative. These factors remain the main cause of treatment failure in majority of patients leading to prolong. The current study was performed for the duration of 12 months, from this study it was identified that 113 types of major drug interactions commonly found in total 250 prescriptions which were evaluated and managed accordingly. Suggestions being prescribed by various sites were, avoid concomitant use of drug, use alternative therapy, and monitor closely for any adverse effect. During suggestion made by the Clinical Pharmacist, for the same drug interactions it was identified that more of drug therapy adjustment can be done then provided by the online database. The parameter on which the drug interactions management are being suggested were focused on just type of drug interaction and its effect, it does not include the actual pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic changes in therapy. The suggestion made by the clinical pharmacist were includes drug removal, drug dosage changes, alternative therapy, alternative route of administration, change in time interval etc. From this study it was concluded that the drug interaction management can be done at various stages of treatment with proper therapy modification by the clinical pharmacist, and if done properly it will improve the overall outcome of patient health care.
Amines By Reduction
Authors: Natte Kishore , Jagadeesh Rajenahally V.
Published: September 2021

Among different kinds of chemicals, amines represent essential compounds widely used as fine and bulk chemicals, which serve as key intermediates and central precursors in chemical, pharmaceuticals, agrochemical, and materials industries. Moreover, amine functionalities constitute important motifs presented in a large of number of life science molecules, which play vital roles in their activities and functions. For the synthesis of amines, catalytic reduction of nitro compounds and nitriles and reductive aminations are widely used to produce primary, secondary, and tertiary amines as well as drug targets. In this article, we discuss the recent developments on reduction of nitro compounds, nitriles, and reductive aminations using mainly nonnoble metal‐based catalysts in the presence of molecular hydrogen to access different kinds of amines.
Size Reduction
Authors: Liu Gary
Published: September 2021

Size reduction is an extremely important unit operation, whereby materials are subjected to stress in order to reduce the size of individual pieces. The stress is applied by transmitting mechanical force to the solid.

A significant goal of size reduction processes is to improve overall efficiency. This goal of size reduction varies depending on the final application of the product but typically is covered by preparation of naturally occurring raw materials for subsequent separation processes, for example, ore preparation to allow concentration of the valuable fraction; preparation of raw materials for subsequent chemically or physically reactive processes, for example, enlargement of the surface area to promote reactivity or to develop the coloring properties of pigments; production of a defined particle‐size distribution necessary for a final application, for example, fillers for plastics, rubber, and paint; and preparation of waste materials for recycling, for example, shredding of old tires and waste plastic granulation.

Size reduction of solids is an extremely energy‐intensive operation, with estimates of the total U.S. electricity production that is consumed by the process ranging around 2%. Minerals processing accounts for over 50% of this usage, and cement production accounts for about 25%. Only a small fraction, often below 1% of this energy, is used efficiently for size reduction, with the remainder being converted mainly into heat. This article gives an overview of the mechanics of size reduction and the equipment available. However, the science still relies heavily on experience, and it is important that requirements be discussed extensively with equipment manufacturers and large‐scale test work carried out prior to decisions being made on the most suitable methods to achieve a given requirement.
Mechanical Solid–Liquid Separation
Authors: Anlauf Harald
Published: September 2021

The separation of a suspension into its continuous liquid and disperse solid phase can be realized principally by thermal or mechanical means, whereby the emphasis is put here on the mechanical separation methods. Mechanical solid–liquid separation represents a cross‐sectional technology and is relevant for a range of particle sizes from some millimeters down to some nanometers. One can distinguish systematically into density separation processes, such as sedimentation and flotation; filtration processes, such as depth filtration, cake, cross‐flow, and sieve/blocking filtration; and processes that are using electric or magnetic properties of the particles. The huge variety of solid–liquid separation apparatuses and machines can be classified clearly by a physically based scheme. Various special tasks can be in the center of interest, such as thickening, clarification, deliquoring, washing, three‐phase separation and extraction, sorting, and classification. Several measures are available to enhance the basic separation processes, such as mechanical–thermal hybrid processes, batchwise or continuously operating processes, apparatus combinations, and slurry pretreatment. Last but not least, far important aspects of progress in solid–liquid separation technology can be summed up under the keyword digitalization and simulation. Most modern methods of numerical simulation enable to create digital twins of separation apparatuses, which can be used in many different ways.
Enantioselective Hydroformylation
Authors: Tazawa Toshiki , Phanopoulos Andreas , Nozaki Kyoko
Published: September 2021

Hydroformylation is powerful catalytic reaction capable of converting alkenes directly into aldehydes by addition of a formyl group and hydrogen across the double bond. Installation of the formyl group at an internal carbon establishes a chiral center, and a variety of chiral ligands may be employed to direct the enantioselectivity of the reaction. The alkene substrates are easily accessed, and the resultant aldehydes are common precursors for diverse synthetic manipulations.

This chapter covers enantioselective hydroformylation from its inception, presents the most common metal precursors and ligands, and includes all examples that produce aldehydes with yields above 20% and enantioselectivity above 60:40 er. The initial discussion focuses on the mechanism and stereochemistry, and on the regio‐ and enantioselectivity‐determining steps in particular, as these are crucial for overall yield. The “Scope and Limitations” section is divided by substrate type and offers examples of exceptional catalytic systems that have been reported for each. The application of enantioselective hydroformylation to synthetic procedures is discussed by highlighting some reported examples, comparing it to other protocols that also afford chiral aldehydes, and exploring the standard experimental conditions.

The intention of this review is to demonstrate the power and scope of enantioselective hydroformylation to researchers, and to provide a suitable starting point for those interested in its application to their own synthetic strategies.
Invasive Species
Authors: Meentemeyer Ross , Walden‐Schreiner Chelsey , Saffer Ariel , Jones Chris
Published: September 2021

Invasive species are organisms like plants, animals, or microbes (e.g., fungi, bacteria, viruses) that are introduced to areas outside their historical or current distributions, most often through human‐mediated activity, and successfully establish populations that continue to reproduce and spread quickly. Collectively, invasive species are recognized as a major driver of global change that can pose a significant threat to ecosystems, economies, and human health. Concerns about invasive species are growing as new introductions are accelerating worldwide and show no signs of slowing. The study and management of invasive species is primarily oriented toward preventing further spread and successfully controlling or eradicating existing invasive populations. This drives a need for geographic approaches to detection, mapping, and modeling that describe species distributions and impacts, and contribute to better understanding the drivers and pathways that influence spread. Emerging techniques range from DNA sequencing to satellite remote sensing, static environmental models to dynamic forecasts, and rely on knowledge from domains as diverse as ecology, epidemiology, geography, and sociology. These interdisciplinary approaches are opening the door for near real‐time geospatial decision analytics tools and insights necessary for understanding and managing the significant and growing threat invasive species present to human wellbeing and the environment.
Cartograms
Authors: Hennig Benjamin D.
Published: September 2021

A cartogram is a map that is transformed on a scale other than a true scale. In a cartogram, geographic areas are therefore shown proportional to a variable of interest. Historically, and still occasionally today, a cartogram can also refer to a map displaying quantitative information through statistical visualization. This entry focuses on the narrower meaning of cartograms as statistically distorted maps, sometimes also referred to as diagrammatic maps, value‐by‐area maps, or anamorphated maps.
Regionalization: from the Region to the Macroregion
Authors: Mareï Nora , Richard Yann
Published: September 2021

Regionalization is a fundamental process and an essential approach for geographers; however, the notion of regionalization itself appears undermined. First of all, it is impacted by many criticisms directed at the notion of region with which it is associated, due to the emergence of other competing notions, such as those of territory, space, and place. Second, one could ask whether regionalization is still relevant in the era of globalization, world metropolises, transnational networks, and generalized worldwide connections. To better understand the evolution of the notion in the discipline of geography, two ways of defining it will be shown, one at the intrastate level, where it can be used for purposes of action or knowledge development, and the other on the global scale (macroregional integration).
GeoAI and Deep Learning
Authors: Li Wenwen
Published: September 2021

This entry introduces the concept of GeoAI, or geospatial artificial intelligence. GeoAI is an emerging research area which combines artificial intelligence (AI), geospatial big data, and parallel computing for geospatial problem‐solving. The entry presents a brief history of AI in geography and the recent evolutional development of GeoAI (especially with deep learning and the knowledge graph), as well as their applications. Discussions highlight remaining challenges of GeoAI and its future research and educational directions.
Spatial Inequality
Authors: Gyuris Ferenc
Published: September 2021

Spatial inequalities are the geographical projection of social inequalities. Their analysis lends a visibility to certain aspects of social inequalities. Spatial inequality is a multiscalar phenomenon that occurs in bordered and territorialized topographical entities as well as in topological flows and networks. It is often considered a matter of distribution, although various approaches differ in interpreting distribution either as an arrangement, or a participative process, or a product of production determined by the relations of production. Spatial inequality is a highly political issue and the scientific tradition of investigating it has always been part of a political discourse. Related concepts have thus been embedded into their historical and geographical contexts and have reflected the specific interests of those who formulated them – from nineteenth‐century “moral statistics” approaches to geopolitical concepts during the Cold War to more recent Marxist, feminist, humanist, and ecological concepts.
Stochastic analysis of the diffusion least mean square and normalized least mean square algorithms for cyclostationary white Gaussian and non‐Gaussian inputs
Authors: Eweda Eweda , Bershad Neil J. , Bermudez Jose C. M.
Published: September 2021

The diffusion least mean square (DLMS) and the diffusion normalized least mean square (DNLMS) algorithms are analyzed for a network having a fusion center. This structure reduces the dimensionality of the resulting stochastic models while preserving important diffusion properties. The analysis is done in a system identification framework for cyclostationary white nodal inputs. The system parameters vary according to a random walk model. The cyclostationarity is modeled by periodic time variations of the nodal input powers. The analysis holds for all types of nodal input distributions except for distributions with infinite variance. The derived models consist of simple scalar recursions. These recursions facilitate the understanding of the network mean and mean‐square dependence upon the 1) nodal weighting coefficients, 2) nodal input kurtosis and cyclostationarities, 3) nodal noise powers, and 4) the unknown system mean‐square parameter increments. Optimization of the node weighting coefficients is studied. Also investigated is the stability dependence of the two algorithms upon the nodal input kurtosis and weighting coefficients. Significant differences are found between the behaviors of the DLMS and DNLMS algorithms for non‐Gaussian nodal inputs. Simulations provide strong support for the theory.
On practical solutions of series elastic actuator control in the context of active disturbance rejection
Authors: Chen Jinfeng , Hu Yu , Gao Zhiqiang
Published: September 2021

In this paper, customized series elastic actuator (SEA) force and position control solutions are proposed to achieve high performance while keeping the bandwidth low. In the context of active disturbance rejection, the higher the bandwidth of extended state observer, the more robust and accurate the closed‐loop performance. However, high bandwidth requires high sampling frequency and low measurement noise, leading to higher cost in practice. It is shown in this paper that the bandwidth can be lowered without sacrificing performance by incorporating additional information into the design, including not only the entire known SEA model information but also angle measurements of both the motor and the load. In addition, this allows both matched and mismatched disturbances, at the motor and the load side respectively, to be estimated and mitigated in real time, thus making the design more robust. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.