bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA methylation profiling in MEN1-related pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors reveals a potential epigenetic target for treatment
Authors: Conemans E B , Lodewijk L , Moelans C B , Offerhaus G J A , Pieterman C R C , Morsink F H , Dekkers O M , de Herder W W , Hermus A R , van der Horst-Schrivers A N , Drent M L , Bisschop P H , Havekes B , Brosens L A A , Dreijerink K M A , Borel Rinkes I H M , Timmers H Th M , Valk G D , Vriens M R
Published: June 2018

Objective

Epigenetic changes contribute to pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET) development. Hypermethylation of promoter DNA as a cause of tumor suppressor gene silencing is a well-established oncogenic mechanism that is potentially reversible and therefore an interesting therapeutic target. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is the most frequent cause of inherited PanNETs. The aim of this study was to determine promoter methylation profiles in MEN1-related PanNETs.

Design and methods

Methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was used to assess promoter methylation of 56 tumor suppressor genes in MEN1-related (n = 61) and sporadic (n = 34) PanNETs. Differences in cumulative methylation index (CMI), individual methylation percentages and frequency of promoter hypermethylation between subgroups were analyzed.

Results

We found promoter methylation of a large number of potential tumor suppressor genes. CMI (median CMI: 912 vs 876,P = 0.207) was the same in MEN1-related and sporadic PanNETs. We found higher methylation percentages ofCASP8in MEN1-related PanNETs (median: 59% vs 16.5%,P = 0.002). In MEN1-related non-functioning PanNETs, the CMI was higher in larger PanNETs (>2 cm) (median: 969.5 vs 838.5;P = 0.021) and in PanNETs with liver metastases (median: 1036 vs 869;P = 0.013). Hypermethylation ofMGMT2was more frequent in non-functioning PanNETs compared to insulinomas (median: 44.7% vs 8.3%;P = 0.022). Hypermethylation of the Von Hippel–Lindau gene promoter was observed in one MEN1-related PanNET and was associated with loss of protein expression.

Conclusion

Promoter hypermethylation is a frequent event in MEN1-related and sporadic PanNETs. Targeting DNA methylation could be of therapeutic value in MEN1 patients with advanced PanNETs.
Topiramate for Seizures in Preterm Infants and the Development of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Courchia Benjamin , Kurtom Waleed , Pensirikul Alyssa , Del-Moral Teresa , Buch Maria
Published: June 2018

Neonatal seizures represent a significant health burden on the term and preterm neonatal population and are linked to poor long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Currently, there are no US Food and Drug Administration–approved antiepileptic drugs for neonates, and authors of the medical literature have yet to reach a consensus on the most adequate approach to neonatal seizures. Topiramate is readily used in the adult and older pediatric population for the management of migraines and partial-onset seizures. Topiramate continues to gain favor among pediatric neurologists who often recommend this medication as a third-line treatment of neonatal seizures. We report our recent experience with 4 preterm neonates, born between 2015 and 2017, who developed radiographic signs of necrotizing enterocolitis after receiving topiramate for seizures. Each was given oral topiramate for the treatment of electrographic and clinical seizures and developed the subsequent diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis, with abdominal distention, hemoccult-positive stools, and radiographic signs of intestinal distention and pneumatosis. More research regarding the risk factors of topiramate use in premature infants is needed.
Purulent pericarditis as a complication of pneumonia in an infant. Clinical case report
Authors: Lozano Espinosa Diego Alejandro , Castiblanco Rubio Olga Yamile , Bustos Acosta Juan Carlos , Sanguino Lobo Roy , Camacho Moreno Germán , Rojas Soto Edgar Hernando
Published: June 2018

Introducción. La pericarditis purulenta es un proceso inflamatorio del pericardio producto de una infección bacteriana. De no lograrse un diagnóstico oportuno, se convierte en una patología con alta mortalidad en la infancia.Presentación del caso. Lactante de 10 meses de edad que ingresó a un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad en Bogotá D.C., Colombia, por un cuadro clínico dado por tos, dificultad respiratoria y fiebre. Se tomó una radiografía de tórax donde se observó cardiomegalia y compromiso neumónico multilobar. El ecocardiograma mostró un derrame pericárdico global que requirió pericardiotomía, en la cual se obtuvo 50 mL de líquido turbio con membranas blanquecinas. En la prueba citoquímica se encontraron 2 600mm3 leucocitos, polimorfonucleares del 90% y elevación de proteínas. Con los hallazgos de imagenología y laboratorio se hizo el diagnóstico de pericarditis purulenta, por lo que se inició tratamiento con ceftriaxona y clindamicina por 4 semanas, obteniendo una resolución clínica y ecocardiográfica efectiva.Discusión. La presentación clínica y los hallazgos imagenológicos, paraclínicos y electrocardiográficos sugirieron como primera posibilidad pericarditis purulenta, lo cual se confirmó por las características de líquido pericárdico, que era compatible con un exudado. La resolución clínica, apoyada por el manejo antibiótico y a pesar de no obtener aislamiento microbiológico en los cultivos, corroboró el diagnóstico.Conclusiones. La pericarditis purulenta es una enfermedad poco frecuente en pediatría pero con alta mortalidad. Realizar un diagnóstico oportuno sumado a un tratamiento tempano se relaciona con un mejor pronóstico de esta patología.
Recurrent neurocysticercosis of the frontal lobe. Case report
Authors: Medina Ortega Angela , López Valencia David , Vásquez Arteaga Luis Reinel
Published: June 2018

Introducción. La neurocisticercosis (NCC) es causada por la ingesta de huevos de la tenia del cerdo (Taenia solium) provenientes de un individuo con teniosis (complejo teniasis-cisticercosis). Esta enfermedad produce la mayor morbimortalidad por sus efectos dañinos sobre el sistema nervioso central. El 80% de los casos pueden ser asintomáticos y el 20% restante presenta manifestaciones clínicas que son inespecíficas.Presentación del caso. Paciente con cefalea, tendencia dromomaníaca, síndrome de hipertensión intracraneal, deterioro cognitivo y alteración de la marcha. Se realizó una tomografía computarizada que reveló un quiste subcortical frontal derecho y calcificaciones frontoparietales bilaterales. Como diagnóstico principal se sospechó NCC del lóbulo frontal por su cuadro clínico, anamnesis y epidemiología regional.Discusión. Se sospecha que el paciente cursaba con reinfección por T. solium en el lóbulo frontal derecho por la presencia de edema perilesional, los nódulos calcificados distribuidos aleatoriamente en la imagen y la información suministrada por sus familiares durante la anamnesis. Los signos y síntomas de la NCC dependen de la ubicación, el número, las dimensiones, los estadios del cisticerco (vesicular, coloidal, granular-nodular y nódulo calcificado), el genotipo y el estado inmune del hospedero. El 60-90% de los cisticercos se ubican en el parénquima cerebral, siendo menos frecuentes las ubicaciones ventricular, subaracnoidea, ocular, meníngea y medular.Conclusiones. Es importante educar a la comunidad, por un lado, sobre el ciclo de vida del parásito T. solium y su epidemiología y, por el otro, acerca de las medidas de prevención y las manifestaciones clínicas de la NCC, esto con el fin de realizar un diagnóstico oportuno y un manejo efectivo.
Estudio del efecto fisiológico del consumo de arepas enriquecidas con pectina extraída de la cáscara de curuba (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima)
Authors: Ortiz Quintero Blanca Laura , Anzola Velasco Cecilia
Published: June 2018

Se evaluó el efecto fisiológico del consumo de arepas de maíz enriquecidas con 10% (p/p) de pectina extraída de cáscara de curuba sobre los niveles séricos de glucosa y lípidos en adultos voluntarios. La pectina se extrajo con ácido clorhídrico y se precipitó con etanol del 96% (v/v). En primer lugar, los voluntarios consumieron arepa sin pectina por siete días; después, arepa con 10% (p/p) de pectina cítrica comercial por 20 días y, finalmente, arepa con 10% de pectina de curuba por 20 días. Al mismo tiempo, se realizó un análisis sensorial de aceptación. Los resultados mostraron que, al consumir arepa con pectina de curuba, los niveles séricos de glucosa disminuyeron significativamente (5,88% (p = 0,023)), mientras que el perfil lipídico no se afectó. La arepa con pectina de curuba mostró mayor porcentaje de fibra dietética soluble, insoluble y total, así como menor porcentaje de carbohidratos disponibles, respecto a las otras arepas analizadas. El panel sensorial dictaminó baja aceptación en sabor y textura para las arepas con pectina cítrica comercial y con pectina de curuba. Se concluyó que la pectina de curuba puede aprovecharse para la formulación de arepas ya que ofrece a los consumidores un alimento benéfico para reducir los niveles de glucosa en la sangre.
Structural analysis of adsorption processes of 5FU and imiquimodon hydrogels using AMBER/PM3 hybrid model
Authors: Rangel-Vázquez Norma Aurea , Villanueva-García Dulce Nallely , Kalla Jonathan
Published: June 2018

El modelo hibrido AMBER/PM3permitió determinar las propiedades estructurales del 5FU e imiquimod individualmente y después de la adsorción en hidrogeles de quitosano entrecruzados con genipina, respectivamente. Se observó que la energía libre de Gibbs (ΔG) disminuye con la adsorción, sin embargo, en ambos procesos se encontró estabilidad termodinámica y espontaneidad; ΔG fue verificado mediante el incremento en los momentos dipolares. Por otro lado, el coeficiente de partición estableció el carácter hidrofìlico con respecto al agua presente en el hidrogel, el cual aumenta con la adsorción. El FTIR evidenció que existen desplazamientos en las señales. Se observaron las bandas de puente de hidrógeno, atribuidas a la formación de enlaces, para realizar la adsorción de los fármacos. La adsorción fue verificada mediante los MESP y los análisis de superficie, en donde se apreció la distribución de zonas nucleofílicas y electrofílicas.
Carcinoma mioepitelial cutáneo: reporte de caso.
Authors: Cob Guillén Esteban , Cohen-Rosenstock Stephanie , Chaves Lavagni Mónica , Peña Llach Luis , Zúñiga Zúñiga José Pablo
Published: June 2018

Las neoplasias mioepiteliales, tanto benignas como malignas son entidades clinicopatológicas muy raras. En su gran mayoría se desarrollan en glándulas salivales, tejido mamario y pulmonar. En casos muy aislados se presentan pacientes con afectación cutánea con compromiso de glándulas ecrinas y apocrinas.El carcinoma mioepitelial cutáneo es extremadamenteinfrecuente. La literatura aún consiste únicamente eninformes de casos y, en consecuencia, muchas de sus características clínicas y estrategias de tratamientosiguen siendo desconocidas.Se presenta el caso de un paciente con una neoformación cutánea en la cara interna del codo izquierdo, la cual por medio de biopsia e inmunohistoquímica se demostró la presencia de un mioepitelioma maligno cutáneo, el cual se resecó sin complicaciones y se dio adecuado tratamiento y seguimiento
Síndrome de Sézary asociado a Eritrodermia
Authors: Chin Cheng Roxanna , Quirós Marín José Daniel , Barquero Bárcenas Laura
Published: June 2018

Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 46 años, con antecedente de liquen plano, queconsulta por un cuadro agudo de eritrodermia exfoliativa y adenopatías. Se le realizan estudiosde laboratorio y gabinete, documentándose en el frotis de sangre periférica y la citometría de flujo un Síndrome de Sézary
Discursos filosóficos políticos sobre las personas jóvenes: aproximaciones en la historia
Authors: Arce Sancho Johanna Astrid
Published: June 2018

El objetivo principal de este análisis busca lograr una aproximación  a  los discursos  que han estado presentes en diferentes momentos de la historia en los cuales se aborda  a las personas jóvenes.La juventud ha sido utilizada como una categoría  para segmentar a la población en términos basados principalmente en la edad cronológica, asignándose características y tareas evolutivas  que la persona debe cumplir.Partiendo de la concepción histórica  sobre las personas jóvenes, así la sociedad plantea un “proyecto” que engloba las acciones que la sociedad, la familia y  la institucionalidad estructuran, con el fin de establecer un recorrido de formación de las personas jóvenes, de cara a la concepción  de persona adulta en la que se convertiría a futuro. Dependiendo de la concepción existente sobre las juventudes así será los niveles y mecanismos de participación y exigibilidad de derechos con los que cuente este sector de la población.Juventud, juventudes, jóvenes, adolescencia son conceptos que han sido utilizados en la historia, presentándose debates  en su  aplicación literaria, filosófica y análisis psicológico. La identificación de estos discursos rinda elementos para determinar a concepción de persona joven que se maneja en cierto contexto y así poder reconocer cual es la respuesta de la sociedad ante  esta población.
Characteristics and Socio Economic Activities of Local Communities Living Along the Nguru Wetlands, Yobe State, Nigeria
Authors: Babagana M. , Adamu A. , D. D. Usman , H. A. Amma , Ado G. , Yakubu M. , I.U. Zungum
Published: June 2018

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Information reception and processing in purchasing a comparison of public and private sector purchasing
Authors: Vörösmarty Gyöngyi , Tátrai Tünde
Published: June 2018

Among the required skills of purchasers, communication is one of the most frequently mentioned ones. Information reception and processing are important elements of this skill. This paper focuses on how and through what channels purchasers process inputs and how they understand them. The literature revealed that there are differences in tasks between the two sectors, but differences in communication have not yet been addressed. Based on a survey among purchasers, the paper fi nds private sector purchasers tend to be more creative, more open to teamwork and more visual, while public purchasers tend to focus on facts and on proved solutions. Furthermore, they are more verbal than private sector purchasers. The results indicate that differences between private and public purchasing cultures stem from the task features of the two sectors, and from different personal skill sets. The results have strong relevance for organisations focusing on the training of
purchasers.
Social network influence on new drug diffusion: Can the data-driven approach provide practical benefits?
Authors: Lublóy Ágnes , Keresztúri Judit Lilla , Benedek Gábor
Published: June 2018

This article studies the determinants of pharmaceutical innovation diffusion among specialists. To this end, it investigates the infl uences of six categories of factors—social embeddedness, socio-demography, scientifi c orientation, prescribing patterns, practice characteristics, and patient panel composition—on the use of 11 new drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hungary. The Cox proportional hazards model identifi es three determinants—social contagion (in the social embeddedness category) and prescribing portfolio and insulin prescribing ratio (in the prescribing pattern category). First, social contagion has a positive effect among geographically close colleagues—the higher the adoption ratio, the higher the likelihood of early adoption—but no infl uence among former classmates and scientifi c collaborators. Second, the wider the prescribing portfolio, the earlier the new drug uptake. Third, the lower the insulin prescribing ratio, the earlier the new drug uptake—physicians’ therapeutic convictions and patients’ socioeconomic statuses act as underlying infl uencers. However, this fi nding does not extend to opinion-leading physicians such as scientifi c leaders and hospital department and outpatient center managers. This article concludes by arguing that healthcare policy strategists and pharmaceutical companies may rely exclusively on practice location and prescription data to perfect interventions and optimize budgets.
Consumption, preferences and habits of purchasing consumers of peaches and nectarines
Authors: Penso Gener Augusto , Santos Carlos Eduardo Magalhães Dos , Bruckner Cláudio Horst , Costa Jussara Cristina Firmino da , Citadin Idemir
Published: June 2018

Abstract In Brazil, there are few studies and information available on consumer preferences for peaches and nectarines. This lack of information, has hindered some aspects of the production chain, as the choice and exploitation of more appropriate cultivars, offer periods, adoption of marketing and marketing strategies, consequently affecting the availability and commercialization of fruits. This study aimed to analyze the consumer preference of peaches and nectarines, evaluate the traits observed for their acquisition, and the marketplace where they are preferably purchased. The research was carried out from November 2016 to February 2017, using the descriptive research methodology, by Survey method and Web 2.0. A structured questionnaire was applied with closed questions. An online form questionnaire was prepared using the Google docs application and also distributed online, through the internet social Medias. 610 people participated in the survey, with predominance of consumers living in the South and Southeast regions of the country, in the age groups of 21 to 30 years old, with a predominance of female participants. Consumption is mainly in the in natura form, and often predominates certain times a year. Consumers buy these fruits mainly in the supermarkets/hypermarkets. The consumers of peaches and nectarines in Brazil have a higher preference for fruits with yellow flesh and red epidermis, followed by fruits with white flesh and intense red epidermis, both preferably with free stone. The main criteria for the acquisition of peaches and nectarines in Brazil are fruit appearance (presence and/or absence of defects, bruises, etc.); followed by price, color of epidermis and fruit size.
EFFECTS OF HIGH-DOSE VITAMIN C AND HYALURONIC ACID ON TENDON HEALING
Authors: DINCEL YASAR MAHSUT , ADANIR OKTAY , ARIKAN YAVUZ , CAGLAR AYSEL KARA , DOGRU SUZAN CANSEL , ARSLAN YUNUS ZIYA
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the histopathologic and biomechanical effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) and high-dose vitamin C (VC) on rat Achilles tendon healing. Methods: Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to HA and VC and control groups with equal numbers. Each group was further divided into two subgroups to be sacrificed on Day 15 (n=8) and Day 30 (n=8). The Achilles tendons were cut and repaired. While the control rats remained untreated, HA and VC were administered after repair. The repaired tendons were removed for biomechanical and histopathologic analyses. In the biomechanical tests, the tendons were stretched to failure and maximum forces were measured. For histopathologic examination, the specimens were interpreted semiquantitatively using Movin’s grading scale and Bonar scores. Results: The highest mean forces were obtained in the HA group on Day 15 and in the VC group on Day 30, with a significant difference between HA and VC on Day 15 between control and VC on Day 30 (p<0.05). Histological examination showed both Movin and Bonar scores decreased in all groups on Day 30, with significant improvements in the HA and VC groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that both VC and HA had therapeutic effects on tendon healing, especially in the late phase. Level of Evidence I; High quality randomized trial with statistically significant difference.
O cru, o cozido e o policial: entrevista a Rodolfo Pérez Valero
Authors: Gallardo-Saborido Emilio J.
Published: June 2018

Resumo: A figura de Rodolfo Pérez Valero (Guanabacoa, Cuba, 1947) é fundamental para conhecer o desenvolvimento da literatura policial cubana, dada sua extensa e destacada dedicação ao gênero como criador, mas também por sua faceta de agitador e gestor cultural. Nesta entrevista, Pérez Valero reflete, entre outras questões, sobre as relações entre o poder político cultural e a literatura policial na Cuba das décadas de 1970 e 1980.
El neopolicial cubano desciende a los infiernos: la pentalogía de Amir Valle
Authors: González Carlos Uxó
Published: June 2018

Resumen: Entre los años 2001 y 2008 el escritor cubano Amir Valle publicó las cinco novelas de la serie “El descenso a los infiernos”, con la cual se convertía en uno de los narradores de novela negra más célebres de las últimas décadas en Cuba. Escrita, en cierto modo, como continuación narrativa de su controvertido Habana Babilonia, la serie continúa su acercamiento al mundo de la marginalidad habanera, con el propósito de denunciar lo que el autor considera es el fracaso revolucionario. El artículo examina hasta qué punto el proyecto de Amir Valle resulta exitoso, señalando al mismo tiempo problemas como la representación racial o cierta tendencia a la politización excesiva del discurso.
Josely Vianna Baptista: uma poética xamânica da tradução e da tradição
Authors: Pedrosa Celia
Published: June 2018

RESUMO Análise da relação entre procedimentos de tradução e criação poéticas na produção de Josely Vianna Baptista, nela enfatizando o convívio entre diferentes tradições culturais e o consequente desmonte da dicotomia entre mítico e histórico, primitivo e civilizado, próprio e estrangeiro. Aponta-se ainda como esse convívio e esse desmonte implicam a desestabilização da concepção representativa da linguagem, atualizando o vínculo entre étnico, ético e político, em prol de um pensamento singularizante sobre a vida coletiva.
Population structure and reproductive biology of Haemulopsis corvinaeformis (Perciformes, Haemulidae) in the south coast of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Eduardo Leandro N. , Lira Alex S. , Frédou Thierry , Frédou Flavia Lucena
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: Roughneck Grunt (Haemulopsis corvinaeformis Steindachner, 1868) is the second most important species caught as bycatch of the shrimp fishery in Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. However, the population dynamic of this species is poorly known in the region. The aim of this study was to describe aspects of the population structure and reproductive biology of the H. corvinaeformis, providing important information for the development of sustainable management practices. Specimens were collected monthly from August 2011 to July 2012 and quarterly from October 2012 to June 2014. A total of 1,140 individuals was collected; 340 males (29.8%), 391 females (34.3%), and 409 were immature and could not be sexed (35.9%). Total length ranged from 7 to 25 cm. In general, total length of females [12.85 ± 2.49 cm (mean± SD)] and males [12.72 ± 2.46 cm (mean ± SD)] were similar (p > 0.05). The proportion of males and females was similar along the year, except in March. The relationship between total length and total weight was statistically significant (p< 0.05), showing an isometric growth. The (GSI) coupled with the distribution of maturational stages suggests that females reproduce all year around, with a peak during October-November. The length at first maturity (L50) was estimated at 11.88 cm for females and 11 cm for males.
Description of the postembryonic stages of Boeckella poopoensis (Crustacea, Copepoda, Centropagidae)
Authors: Cabrera Gabriela C. , Vignatti Alicia M. , Echaniz Santiago A. , Escalante Alicia H.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Boeckella poopoensis Marsh, 1906 is one of the most common copepods in the saline lakes of South America, where generally is the species that greater contributes to the zooplankton community biomass. Despite of its wide geographic distribution and ecological importance, the characteristics of the postembryonic stages are unknown, which prevents a detailed understanding of the structure and dynamics of natural populations. The objective of this work was to describe the morphology of the postembryonic stages and to compare it with other species of Centropagidae. The specimens were obtained from a monospecific culture acclimatized in the laboratory. The lineage comes from El Carancho shallow lake (65°03’W, 37°27’S). The identification of the postembryonic stages was performed according to the characteristics established for copepod calanoids. Based in all developing stages, some characteristics that distinguish B. poopoensis from another species of the genus are: lobes of nauplii with the same number of setae of equal length; beginning of body segmentation from nauplii III; sexual dimorphism from copepodite IV (although only evident in the V leg); the endopod of the V leg of copepodites V males and females are biarticulate, but while females endopod add setae respect to the previous stage, males endopod lose them and remain glabrous as in the adults. Copepodites V do not present characteristics typical of adults, such as, the most developed thoracic left wing of females and in the geniculate right antenna of males. All stages of B. poopoensis are larger than those corresponding to other species of centropagids, and in the immature stages, the appendages show their own patterns of setae and have a slightly smaller number of setae than that of the other species of the family.
Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Authors: Kiffer Jr. Walace P. , Giuberti Thaís Z. , Serpa Karoline V. , Mendes Flávio , Moretti Marcelo S.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: We evaluated the growth of periphyton and colonization of sterilized cobbles by invertebrates in three coastal streams of the Atlantic Forest (Southeast Brazil) that differ in the conservation level of riparian zones. Because of differences in light availability and water temperature, we hypothesized the growth of periphytic algae would be higher in the most altered stream. Consequently, invertebrate assemblages would differ among streams. Cobbles with similar sizes were ashed and incubated for 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days in the studied streams. Despite periphyton growth was faster in the most altered stream, contents of chlorophyll-a did not differ among streams. A total of 954 individuals (98% insects) belonging to 36 taxa was found. Invertebrate density was higher and increased throughout the experiment in the preserved stream, while invertebrate biomass was higher on the initial sampling intervals (7 and 15 days). A stream effect on invertebrate assemblages was observed after the 15th day and 17 taxa were found only in the preserved stream. Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera), Hydroptilidae, Helichopsychidae, Leptoceridae (Trichoptera) and Orthocladiinae (Diptera) showed specificities with the assemblages found in the preserved stream and no taxa proved to be an indicator of the assemblages found in the altered streams. These results showed that changes in the riparian zones of Atlantic Forest streams did not affect the content of chlorophyll-a on rocky substrates, but the growth of periphyton influenced the density and structural composition of invertebrate assemblages. Our findings partially support the proposed hypothesis and conform to the notion of the importance of periphyton community for the colonization of exposed substrates by invertebrates and for evaluating the consequences of anthropogenic changes in ecosystem functioning and aquatic communities.
Atividade antimicrobiana in vitro do extrato etanólico bruto da folha da Hymenaea martiana Hayne frente às Staphylococcus spp. e avaliação de seu potencial como desinfetante em cabras
Authors: Vieira Dielson S. , Peixoto Rodolfo M. , Costa Mateus M. , Freire Davi P. , Silva Telma Maria G. , Silva Tania Maria S.
Published: June 2018

RESUMO: Este estudo objetivou avaliar a ação antimicrobiana e antisséptica do extrato etanólico bruto da folha da Hymenaea martiana (Jatobá). O estudo foi realizado no Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia da UNIVASF, na cidade de Petrolina-PE. Os extratos foram preparados utilizando diferentes diluentes, sendo estes: álcool etílico absoluto e a água destilada. Em seguida, foi empregada a técnica da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (MIC) e da Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM). Todos os ensaios foram realizados em triplicata. A CBM média do extrato diluído em etanol foi de 358μg/μL e do extrato diluído em água destilada foi igual a 520,82μg/mL. Não houve diferença (P<0,05) quanto à inibição bacteriana para o extrato diluído em álcool etílico absoluto ou água destilada autoclavada. Ao comparar a atividade do extrato diluído em álcool etílico absoluto e a relação com a presença do gene blaZ, observou-se que os isolados negativos para o gene pesquisado apresentaram uma CBM igual a 412,3μg/mL, e, quando comparadas aos que foram positivos para o gene blaZ, que foi de 308,80μg/mL, contudo sem diferença estatística. Quanto à inibição das bactérias utilizando extrato aquoso, a atividade foi igual para as bactérias com ou sem o gene (520,82μg/mL). Desse modo, tanto o extrato diluído em álcool etílico absoluto quanto em agua destilada autoclavada demonstrou atividade antimicrobiana, sugerindo que ocorreu extração de substâncias bioativas. Em relação ao potencial antisséptico, H. martiana teve ação pareada com o cloro, contudo aquele agiu mais rapidamente, enquanto o cloro agiu de modo ideal uma hora após a aplicação; ambos os resultados destacam que o extrato etanólico bruto das folhas de H. martiana possui potencial de combate à proliferação de bactérias ambientais e infecciosas, surgindo como uma forma de prevenir a mastite.
Placental lesions associated with abortion and stillbirth in goats naturally infected by Neospora caninum
Authors: Mesquita Leonardo P. , Costa Rafael C. , Nogueira Clayton I. , Abreu Camila C. , Orlando Débora R. , Ascari Junior Ivan , Peconick Ana Paula , Varaschin Mary S.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: Neospora caninum has been described as a parasite that sporadically causes reproductive problems in goats. Several aspects of the pathogenesis of neosporosis in naturally infected goats remain to be established. The aims of the present study were to characterize the placental lesions in goats naturally infected by N. caninum and to evaluate several diagnostic techniques for effective detection of this protozoan in the goat placenta. Some placentas in this study originated from abortion and stillbirth in which there were severe lesions. The lesions were characterized mainly by necrosis involving the mesenchyme of the chorionic villi and trophoblast cells often alongside mononuclear inflammation and in some cases with neutrophilic infiltration. N. caninum DNA was detected in these placentas, but parasite structures were not visualized through immunohistochemistry (IHC). However, five of 11 placentas from N. caninum-infected goats that gave birth to healthy kids had histological lesions characterized by mononuclear inflammation. Of these 11 placentas, N. caninum DNA was detected in seven, and N. caninum tachyzoites were detected in only one of these seven placentas using IHC. The present study demonstrates that severe lesions in the placenta are associated with abortion and stillbirth in caprine neosporosis and the placental alterations are likely involved in abortion pathogenesis. Moreover, the results highlight the importance of using more than one diagnostic technique for the detection of the protozoan in placentas because N. caninum cannot be reliably detected by histological and immunohistochemical tests.
Isolation and molecular characterization of Arcobacter butzleri and Arcobacter cryaerophilus from the pork production chain in Brazil
Authors: Gobbi Débora D.S. , Spindola Maria G. , Moreno Luisa Z. , Matajira Carlos E.C. , Oliveira Maria G.X. , Paixão Renata , Ferreira Thais S.P. , Moreno Andrea M.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: Arcobacter is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, and the major transmission routes to humans are the handling or consumption of contaminated raw/undercooked food products of animal origin, water and seafood. The isolation and identification of Arcobacter species are not routine in clinical laboratories; therefore, its true incidence in human infections may be underestimated. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize Arcobacter from carcasses and fecal samples collected at swine slaughterhouses and from meat markets in São Paulo State, Brazil. The isolates were identified using multiplex-PCR to differentiate the species and analyzed by single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP). Arcobacter spp. were isolated from 73.0% of swine carcasses, 4% of fecal samples and 10% of pork samples. A. butzleri was the most prevalent species identified, followed by A. cryaerophilus. Interestingly, the carcasses presented higher frequency of A. butzleri isolation, whereas only A. cryaerophilus was isolated from fecal samples. SE-AFLP enabled the characterization of A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus into 51 and 63 profiles, respectively. The great genetic heterogeneity observed for both species corroborates previous reports. This study confirms the necessity for a standard isolation protocol and the improvement of molecular tools to further elucidate Arcobacter epidemiology.
Weight and morphometric growth of Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), Tambaqui (Colossoma macropumum) and their hybrids from spring to winter
Authors: Mourad Natália M.N. , Costa Adriano C. , Freitas Rilke T.F. , Serafini Moacyr A. , Reis Neto Rafael V. , Felizardo Viviane O.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate weight and morphometric growth of the products of the complete diallel cross-breeding between pacu and tambaqui during the period from the end of spring to the beginning of winter. Was used 400 pacu, tambaqui, tambacu and paqui. 20 fish from each group were collected, weighed and submitted to morphometric evaluation every 28 days. The Logistic function adjusted better to describe the growth in body weight and the morphometric measures for age on all the genetic groups. The studied groups presented similar behavior of growth for body weight and morphometric measures. There were significant differences between the genetic groups regarding parameters A (asymptotic value) and B (integration constant) for body weight and for all the morphometric measures evaluated. For the parameter K (maturity rate), there were significant difference between groups for body weight, head length and body height. The groups possibly were affected the decrease of temperature. The Tambacu was superior to the Paqui in all the variables evaluated for the parameter A, and was also superior to the pure breed, except for head length and body width.
Aspectos clínicos e histológicos da demodicose canina localizada e generalizada
Authors: Gasparetto Naiani D. , Bezerra Kalinne S. , Soares Luciana M.C. , Makino Hérica , Oliveira Anderson C.S. , Colodel Edson M. , Almeida Arleana B.P.F. , Sousa Valéria R.F
Published: June 2018

RESUMO: Demodicose é uma afecção cutânea causada pelo ácaro Demodex sp. diagnosticada com frequência na rotina clínica veterinária. Objetivou-se descrever as manifestações clínicas e histológicas de cães com demodicose nas formas localizada e generalizada, relacionando a quantidade de ácaros e os achados microscópicos ao quadro clínico. Foram estudados 46 cães, sendo 28 com demodicose generalizada e 18 com a forma localizada da doença, dos quais todos possuíam raspados de pele positivo. Destes caninos foram anotados dados de lesões macroscópicas em ficha dermatológica e coletaram-se amostras de pele para estudo microscópico. A análise histológica foi realizada por três avaliadores e os dados registrados sem comunicação entre os mesmos, sendo considerado o resultado que mais ocorreu. Alopecia, descamação, eritema e crostas foram lesões clínicas comuns às duas formas de apresentação da doença que mais ocorreram. Inflamação histológica dermal grave ocorreu especialmente nos cães com doença localizada e generalizada que possuíam piodermite concomitante e ácaros Demodex sp. foram visualizados com intensidade entre moderada e acentuada na maioria dos cães com ambas as formas da enfermidade. Perifoliculite foi a alteração folicular microscópica mais evidenciada nos caninos deste estudo, seguida por foliculite mural e furunculose que tiveram maior ocorrência relativa nos cães com demodicose localizada. De acordo com os resultados obtidos verificou-se que a gravidade das lesões histológicas não corresponde necessariamente à forma de apresentação clínica da enfermidade, além disso, a quantidade de ácaros não demonstrou ser indicativa de lesões clínicas localizadas ou generalizadas, bem como não é possível diferenciar a doença clínica através do exame histopatológico.
Early parenteral nutrition in enterectomized dogs
Authors: Patricio Geni C.F. , Eyherabide Ana R. , Dias Ricardo A. , Tannuri Uenis , Brunetto Marcio A. , Cortopassi Silvia R.G.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to explore the role of early central parenteral nutrition support with and without lipid emulsion in enterectomized dogs undergoing small bowel partial resection. Enterectomized dogs often cannot be fed properly via an oral or enteral route immediately post-surgery. After enterectomy, the animals received parenteral nutrition or crystalloid solution until they were able to voluntarily take in an oral diet. All dogs were recruited at the University of Sao Paulo veterinary teaching hospital. Eighteen dogs with intussusception, a foreign intestinal body, linear foreign intestinal body, or intussusception associated with a foreign intestinal body underwent enterectomy surgery and were randomly assigned to receive one of three treatments: crystalloid solution (CS group), parenteral nutrition with a mix of glucose and amino acids (GA group) or parenteral nutrition with a mix of glucose, amino acids and lipids (GAL group). A serum chemistry panel and complete blood count were collected prior to surgery and at the end of the study. Albumin increased in the GA and GAL group (p=0.042 and p=0.038 respectively) after hospitalization, but no significant differences were identified among the groups. Body weight decreased by 4.9% (p=0.042) in the CS group, but there were no significant changes in the GAL and GA groups. There was a significant decrease in the recovery scores in the GA and GAL groups during hospitalization (p=0.039 in both groups). Early parenteral nutrition was beneficial for patient recovery in post-surgical small bowel partial resection, indicating better quality, and no major complications or side effects were observed during the hospitalization period in the studied dogs.
Prospective study of ocular and periocular diseases in animals: 188 cases
Authors: Moreira Matheus V.L. , Teixeira Neto Rachel L.A.L. , Langohr Ingeborg M. , Ecco Roselene
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: Histopathology of the ocular and periocular tissues submitted for diagnosis and research is still incipient in Brazil, in contrast to veterinary clinical ophthalmology. In this study, ocular and periocular tissues from domestic and wild animal species, mainly from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, were evaluated between February 2012 and September 2015. The samples were analyzed grossly and microscopically. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry were performed on some of the samples. The frequency, type of ocular alteration, affected animal species, and affected ocular or periocular tissues were recorded. One hundred eighty-eight ocular and periocular tissues from domestic and, occasionally, wild animals were examined. Nine animals presented two concurrent alterations, adding up to 197 alterations. Proliferative lesions were the most frequent (92), followed by traumatic (43), inflammatory (37), degenerative (18), developmental (4) and vascular/hemorrhagic diseases (3). The globe was the most affected structure (112), followed by eyelids (52), third eyelid (17), bulbar conjunctiva (14) and retrobulbar region (2). Neoplasms arising from periocular tissues were the most frequent alteration (60), possibly related to a more active surgical service and histopathologic evaluation request. Many animals presented ocular lesions that reflected systemic diseases, which were diagnosed by necropsy and examination of other organs. Particularly in cases of neoplasia, early detection and surgical treatment can prevent systemic involvement. Ocular histopathologic evaluation can provide better characterization and prognosis of the clinical-pathological condition of the patient as well.
Occurrence of ticks in dogs in a hospital population in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil
Authors: Vieira Fernanda T. , Labruna Marcelo B. , Barbosa Anna Claudia M.S. , Aguiar Anderson R. , Acosta Igor C.L. , Martins Thiago F. , Dietze Reynaldo , Braga Fabio R.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: Ticks, along with fleas, are considered the main ectoparasites affecting dogs in Brazil. The literature is rich in reports on the occurrence of ticks, which are vectors of diseases in both dogs and humans. The study of the epidemiology of these arthropods provides important data that can help control the infestation in residential areas where dogs are present. Thus, the study of their occurrence in urban areas and veterinary services is very important. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of ticks in dogs in a veterinary hospital population in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Over a one-year period (July 2012 to July 2013), 1483 dogs brought to veterinary services in south-eastern Brazil were examined. Among the dogs examined, 8.97% presented tick infestation, of which 100% were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. Given that this species of tick acts as a vector for diseases, it is important that the official health services monitor the occurrence of infestation in dogs and humans, in order to identify diseases transmitted by these ticks in this region.
Soroprevalência de Toxoplasma gondii em equídeos do Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Guerra Neurisvan R. , Almeida Jonatas C. , Silva Elâine L. , Silva Edson M. , Santos José A.M. , Lepold Raphael , Mota Rinaldo A. , Alves Leucio C.
Published: June 2018

RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a soroprevalência da toxoplasmose em equídeos mantidos em diferentes formas de manejo no estado de Pernambuco. Para tanto, um total de 400 amostras de soro sanguíneo de equídeos clinicamente saudáveis foram analisados através do teste de aglutinação modificado (MAT) considerando-se cut-off de 1:25. Dados referentes às características dos animais e dos rebanhos, sistema de criação, presença de outros animais, idade, sexo, raça, aptidão, condição física foram coletados por meio de questionários investigativos. Anticorpos IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii foram detectados em 12,5% (50/400) dos animais analisados. Dos 12 municípios estudados, houve positividade em 91,67% (11/12) com variação entre 4,4% e 33,3%. Quando avaliados os fatores de risco, apenas o fator mesorregião (p=0,029) apresentou associação com a infecção, particularmente Zona da Mata (OR=3), seguida de Região Metropolitana do Recife (OR=2,2), Agreste (OR=1,7) e Sertão (OR=1). Os resultados revelam a presença do parasito na área estudada, o que pode representar um elo na cadeia de transmissão da toxoplasmose a qual tem repercussão em saúde pública tendo em vista que o Brasil é o oitavo maior exportador de carne equina do mundo.
Intoxicação por etanol em bovinos alimentados com bagaço de malte acrescido de levedura de cerveja
Authors: Trujillo Janzel G. , Teixeira Maria Audiléia S. , Lima Adrielli Heloise A. , Montão Daniele P. , Ross Talita B. , Riet-Correa Gabriela , Cerqueira Valíria D. , Bezerra Júnior Pedro S.
Published: June 2018

RESUMO: O presente trabalho descreve um surto de intoxicação por etanol que afetou um rebanho bovino de aptidão leiteira alimentado com o subproduto de cervejaria denominado bagaço de malte, resíduo úmido de cervejaria (RUC), resíduo de cevada maltada ou simplesmente “cevada”. O surto iniciou cerca de 24 horas após ao fornecimento de uma nova partida do subproduto que apresentava odor alcoólico. Análise cromatográfica e microbiológica de amostra deste subproduto confirmou a presença de etanol e Saccharomyces spp., respectivamente, indicando a adição de outro subproduto de cervejaria, a levedura de cerveja ou levedo. Os principais sinais clínicos observados foram diarreia, salivação, andar cambaleante e decúbito. A morbidade foi de 12,2% (5/41) e mortalidade de 2,4% (1/41). Uma vaca que morreu após um curso clínico de 3 dias foi necropsiada. Não foram observadas lesões macroscópicas significativas, mas na histopatologia havia rumenite necrosupurativa aguda, multifocal, moderada, com colonização bacteriana e fúngica secundária, indicando acidose ruminal concomitante. Em análise cromatográfica de amostras de conteúdo ruminal e fígado deste bovino foram detectadas quantidades variáveis de etanol. Os dados do presente estudo indicam que a possibilidade de intoxicação por etanol deve ser considerada em bovinos com sinais neurológicos e digestivos alimentados com RUC quando a este acrescentado levedura de cerveja.
Bacterial pathogens of the lower respiratory tract of calves from Brazilian rural settlement herds and their association with clinical signs of bovine respiratory disease
Authors: Gaeta Natália C. , Ribeiro Bruno L.M. , Alemán Mario A.R. , Yoshihara Eidi , Nassar Alessandra F.C. , Marques Lucas M. , Timenetsky Jorge , Gregory Lilian
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is considered the major cause of economic losses in dairy and beef cattle production. The study aimed to detect the most important bacteria related to respiratory disease in tracheobronchial fluid samples of healthy and dairy calves with clinical signs of BRD in Brazilian rural settlements. Hundred and forty-one mongrel dairy calves were randomly selected from 42 family farm dairy herds from Brazilian settlements. Physical examination was performed and calves were classified as healthy (n=100) and BRD (n=41). Tracheobronchial fluid samples were collected. Isolation and molecular detection of Mycoplasma dispar, M. bovis and M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC besides isolation of other aerobic bacteria were performed. Abnormal lung sounds (crackle/snoring/whistle), mucopurulent/purulent nasal discharge, body temperature >39.5°C and respiratory rate >40 breaths/min were higher in BRD calves compared to healthy calves (P<0.05). Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus intermedius and non-fermentative Gram-negative were the most prevalent bacteria isolated. Non-identified species from Enterobacteriaceae family was higher in BRD calves compared to healthy calves (P<0.05). Mollicutes were isolated in 7.4% of samples and only M. dispar was detected. Mollicutes was associated with purulent/mucopurulent nasal discharge (P=0.017). Pantoea agglomerans was associated to tachypnea (P=0.020), and Streptococcus spp. was associated with hyperthermia. Statistical tendencies were observed to M. dispar and tachypnea (P=0.066), and P. agglomerans and tachycardia (P=0.066). The obtained results describe the microorganisms found in tracheobronchial fluid of calves with BRD in some herds of Brazilian family farming and their relation to clinical signs of BRD.
Chemical composition and hypocholesterolemic effect of milk kefir and water kefir in Wistar rats
Authors: ROCHA-GOMES Arthur , ESCOBAR Amanda , SOARES Jéssica Silva , SILVA Alexandre Alves da , DESSIMONI-PINTO Nísia Andrade Villela , RIUL Tania Regina
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Objective To compare the effects of fermented kefir on the nutritional, physiological, and biochemical parameters of rats. Methods Grains of milk kefir (whole and skimmed) and water kefir (brown sugar) were used. The chemical composition analysis was performed on substrates and fermented beverages. The rats were evaluated for weight gain, body mass index, as well as their food, water, kefir, and calorie intake. We also evaluated their energy efficiency coefficient, weight of organs, in addition to their serum, and hepatic biochemistry. Results Fermentation increased the acid content index owing to degradation of lactose and brown sugar. The animals consumed more kefir, reducing the intake of chow and water. Kefir did not alter body and organ weight, while improving the lipid profile. Conclusion Water kefir with brown sugar was more effective in improving the lipid profile.