bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Perturbed Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrovascular Reactivity on Structural MRI and Behavioral Readouts in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Long Justin A , Watts Lora T , Li Wei , Shen Qiang , Muir Eric R , Huang Shiliang , Boggs Robert C , Suri Abhinav , Duong Timothy Q
Published: June 2015

This study investigated the effects of perturbed cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CR) on relaxation time constant (T2), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), and behavioral scores at 1 and 3 hours, 2, 7, and 14 days after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Open-skull TBI was induced over the left primary forelimb somatosensory cortex ( N = 8 and 3 sham). We found the abnormal areas of CBF and CR on days 0 and 2 were larger than those of the T2, ADC, and FA abnormalities. In the impact core, CBF was reduced on day 0, increased to 2.5 times of normal on day 2, and returned toward normal by day 14, whereas in the tissue surrounding the impact, hypoperfusion was observed on days 0 and 2. CR in the impact core was negative, most severe on day 2 but gradually returned toward normal. T2, ADC, and FA abnormalities in the impact core were detected on day 0, peaked on day 2, and pseudonormalized by day 14. Lesion volumes peaked on day 2 and were temporally correlated with forelimb asymmetry and foot-fault scores. This study quantified the effects of perturbed CBF and CR on structural magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral readouts.
Metabolic Changes in Early Poststatus Epilepticus Measured by MR Spectroscopy in Rats
Authors: Wu Yijen , Pearce Patrice S , Rapuano Amedeo , Hitchens T Kevin , Lanerolle Nihal C de , Pan Jullie W
Published: June 2015

There is little experimental in vivo data on how differences in seizure duration in experimental status epilepticus influence metabolic injury. This is of interest given that in humans, status duration is a factor that influences the probability of subsequent development of epilepsy. This question is studied using 7-T magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, T2 relaxometry in the incremented kainate rodent model of temporal lobe epilepsy, using two durations of status epilepticus, 1.5 and 3 hours. Histologic evaluation was performed in a subset of animals. Three days after status, single-voxel (8 mm3) point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) MR spectroscopic measurements were acquired at 7 T to assess the cerebral metabolites measured as a ratio to total creatine (tCr). The status injury resulted in decreased N-acetylaspartate NAA/tCr, increased myo-inositol/tCr and glutamine/tCr, increased T2, and significant declines in NeuN-stained neuronal counts in both status groups. Regressions were identified in the status groups that provide evidence for neuronal injury and astrocytic reaction after status in both the short and long status duration groups. The long status group displays changes in glutathione/tCr that are not identified in the short status group, this difference possibly representing a maturation of injury and antioxidant response that occurs in synchrony with glutamatergic injury and glial activation.
Orbital reconstruction in nonpolar tetravalent transition-metal oxide layers
Authors: Bogdanov Nikolay A. , Katukuri Vamshi M. , Romhányi Judit , Yushankhai Viktor , Kataev Vladislav , Büchner Bernd , van den Brink Jeroen , Hozoi Liviu
Published: June 2015

A promising route to tailoring the electronic properties of quantum materials and devices rests on the idea of orbital engineering in multilayered oxide heterostructures. Here we show that the interplay of interlayer charge imbalance and ligand distortions provides a knob for tuning the sequence of electronic levels even in intrinsically stacked oxides. We resolve in this regard the d-level structure of layered Sr2IrO4 by electron spin resonance. While canonical ligand-field theory predicts g||-factors less than 2 for positive tetragonal distortions as present in Sr2IrO4, the experiment indicates g|| is greater than 2. This implies that the iridium d levels are inverted with respect to their normal ordering. State-of-the-art electronic-structure calculations confirm the level switching in Sr2IrO4, whereas we find them in Ba2IrO4 to be instead normally ordered. Given the nonpolar character of the metal-oxygen layers, our findings highlight the tetravalent transition-metal 214 oxides as ideal platforms to explore d-orbital reconstruction in the context of oxide electronics.
Ultralow noise miniature external cavity semiconductor laser
Authors: Liang W. , Ilchenko V. S. , Eliyahu D. , Savchenkov A. A. , Matsko A. B. , Seidel D. , Maleki L.
Published: June 2015

Advanced applications in optical metrology demand improved lasers with high spectral purity, in form factors that are small and insensitive to environmental perturbations. While laboratory-scale lasers with extraordinarily high stability and low noise have been reported, all-integrated chip-scale devices with sub-100 Hz linewidth have not been previously demonstrated. Lasers integrated with optical microresonators as external cavities have the potential for substantial reduction of noise. However, stability and spectral purity improvements of these lasers have only been validated with rack-mounted support equipment, assembled with fibre lasers to marginally improve their noise performance. In this work we report on a realization of a heterogeneously integrated, chip-scale semiconductor laser featuring 30-Hz integral linewidth as well as sub-Hz instantaneous linewidth.
Disruption of p21-activated kinase 1 gene diminishes atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
Authors: Singh Nikhlesh K. , Kotla Sivareddy , Dyukova Elena , Traylor James G. , Orr A. Wayne , Chernoff Jonathan , Marion Tony N. , Rao Gadiparthi N.
Published: June 2015

Pak1 plays an important role in various cellular processes, including cell motility, polarity, survival and proliferation. To date, its role in atherogenesis has not been explored. Here we report the effect of Pak1 on atherogenesis using atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice as a model. Disruption of Pak1 in ApoE−/− mice results in reduced plaque burden, significantly attenuates circulating IL-6 and MCP-1 levels, limits the expression of adhesion molecules and diminishes the macrophage content in the aortic root of ApoE−/− mice. We also observed reduced oxidized LDL uptake and increased cholesterol efflux by macrophages and smooth muscle cells of ApoE−/−:Pak1−/− mice as compared with ApoE−/− mice. In addition, we detect increased Pak1 phosphorylation in human atherosclerotic arteries, suggesting its role in human atherogenesis. Altogether, these results identify Pak1 as an important factor in the initiation and progression of atherogenesis.
The immunomodulating V and W proteins of Nipah virus determine disease course
Authors: Satterfield Benjamin A. , Cross Robert W. , Fenton Karla A. , Agans Krystle N. , Basler Christopher F. , Geisbert Thomas W. , Mire Chad E.
Published: June 2015

The viral determinants that contribute to Nipah virus (NiV)-mediated disease are poorly understood compared with other paramyxoviruses. Here we use recombinant NiVs (rNiVs) to examine the contributions of the NiV V and W proteins to NiV pathogenesis in a ferret model. We show that a V-deficient rNiV is susceptible to the innate immune response in vitro and behaves as a replicating non-lethal virus in vivo. Remarkably, rNiV lacking W expression results in a delayed and altered disease course with decreased respiratory disease and increased terminal neurological disease associated with altered in vitro inflammatory cytokine production. This study confirms the V protein as the major determinant of pathogenesis, also being the first in vivo study to show that the W protein modulates the inflammatory host immune response in a manner that determines the disease course.
A genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci for variation in human ear morphology
Authors: Adhikari Kaustubh , Reales Guillermo , Smith Andrew J. P. , Konka Esra , Palmen Jutta , Quinto-Sanchez Mirsha , Acuña-Alonzo Victor , Jaramillo Claudia , Arias William , Fuentes Macarena , Pizarro María , Barquera Lozano Rodrigo , Macín Pérez Gastón , Gómez-Valdés Jorge , Villamil-Ramírez Hugo , Hunemeier Tábita , Ramallo Virginia , Silva de Cerqueira Caio C. , Hurtado Malena , Villegas Valeria , Granja Vanessa , Gallo Carla , Poletti Giovanni , Schuler-Faccini Lavinia , Salzano Francisco M. , Bortolini Maria- Cátira , Canizales-Quinteros Samuel , Rothhammer Francisco , Bedoya Gabriel , Calderón Rosario , Rosique Javier , Cheeseman Michael , Bhutta Mahmood F. , Humphries Steve E. , Gonzalez-José Rolando , Headon Denis , Balding David , Ruiz-Linares Andrés
Published: June 2015

Here we report a genome-wide association study for non-pathological pinna morphology in over 5,000 Latin Americans. We find genome-wide significant association at seven genomic regions affecting: lobe size and attachment, folding of antihelix, helix rolling, ear protrusion and antitragus size (linear regressionPvalues 2 × 10−8to 3 × 10−14). Four traits are associated with a functional variant in the Ectodysplasin A receptor (EDAR) gene, a key regulator of embryonic skin appendage development. We confirm expression ofEdarin the developing mouse ear and thatEdar-deficient mice have an abnormally shaped pinna. Two traits are associated with SNPs in a region overlapping the T-Box Protein 15 (TBX15) gene, a major determinant of mouse skeletal development. Strongest association in this region is observed for SNP rs17023457 located in an evolutionarily conserved binding site for the transcription factor Cartilage paired-class homeoprotein 1 (CART1), and we confirm that rs17023457 altersin vitrobinding ofCART1.
Haploinsufficiency for BRCA1 leads to cell-type-specific genomic instability and premature senescence
Authors: Sedic Maja , Skibinski Adam , Brown Nelson , Gallardo Mercedes , Mulligan Peter , Martinez Paula , Keller Patricia J. , Glover Eugene , Richardson Andrea L. , Cowan Janet , Toland Amanda E. , Ravichandran Krithika , Riethman Harold , Naber Stephen P. , Näär Anders M. , Blasco Maria A. , Hinds Philip W. , Kuperwasser Charlotte
Published: June 2015

Although BRCA1 function is essential for maintaining genomic integrity in all cell types, it is unclear why increased risk of cancer in individuals harbouring deleterious mutations in BRCA1 is restricted to only a select few tissues. Here we show that human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) from BRCA1-mutation carriers (BRCA1mut/+) exhibit increased genomic instability and rapid telomere erosion in the absence of tumour-suppressor loss. Furthermore, we uncover a novel form of haploinsufficiency-induced senescence (HIS) specific to epithelial cells, which is triggered by pRb pathway activation rather than p53 induction. HIS and telomere erosion in HMECs correlate with misregulation of SIRT1 leading to increased levels of acetylated pRb as well as acetylated H4K16 both globally and at telomeric regions. These results identify a novel form of cellular senescence and provide a potential molecular basis for the rapid cell- and tissue- specific predisposition of breast cancer development associated with BRCA1 haploinsufficiency.
Caspase-8 scaffolding function and MLKL regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation downstream of TLR3
Authors: Kang Seokwon , Fernandes-Alnemri Teresa , Rogers Corey , Mayes Lindsey , Wang Ying , Dillon Christopher , Roback Linda , Kaiser William , Oberst Andrew , Sagara Junji , Fitzgerald Katherine A. , Green Douglas R. , Zhang Jianke , Mocarski Edward S. , Alnemri Emad S.
Published: June 2015

TLR2 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation via an early MyD88-IRAK1-dependent pathway that provides a priming signal (signal 1) necessary for activation of the inflammasome by a second potassium-depleting signal (signal 2). Here we show that TLR3 binding to dsRNA promotes post-translational inflammasome activation through intermediate and late TRIF/RIPK1/FADD-dependent pathways. Both pathways require the scaffolding but not the catalytic function of caspase-8 or RIPK1. Only the late pathway requires kinase competent RIPK3 and MLKL function. Mechanistically, FADD/caspase-8 scaffolding function provides a post-translational signal 1 in the intermediate pathway, whereas in the late pathway it helps the oligomerization of RIPK3, which together with MLKL provides both signal 1 and 2 for inflammasome assembly. Cytoplasmic dsRNA activates NLRP3 independent of TRIF, RIPK1, RIPK3 or mitochondrial DRP1, but requires FADD/caspase-8 in wildtype macrophages to remove RIPK3 inhibition. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of pathways that lead to NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to dsRNA.
Membranes with artificial free-volume for biofuel production
Authors: Petzetakis Nikos , Doherty Cara M. , Thornton Aaron W. , Chen X. Chelsea , Cotanda Pepa , Hill Anita J. , Balsara Nitash P.
Published: June 2015

Free-volume of polymers governs transport of penetrants through polymeric films. Control over free-volume is thus important for the development of better membranes for a wide variety of applications such as gas separations, pharmaceutical purifications and energy storage. To date, methodologies used to create materials with different amounts of free-volume are based primarily on chemical synthesis of new polymers. Here we report a simple methodology for generating free-volume based on the self-assembly of polyethylene-b-polydimethylsiloxane-b-polyethylene triblock copolymers. We have used this method to fabricate a series of membranes with identical compositions but with different amounts of free-volume. We use the term artificial free-volume to refer to the additional free-volume created by self-assembly. The effect of artificial free-volume on selective transport through the membranes was tested using butanol/water and ethanol/water mixtures due to their importance in biofuel production. We found that the introduction of artificial free-volume improves both alcohol permeability and selectivity.
Characterization of molecular and cellular phenotypes associated with a heterozygous CNTNAP2 deletion using patient-derived hiPSC neural cells
Authors: Lee Inkyu S , Carvalho Claudia M B , Douvaras Panagiotis , Ho Seok-Man , Hartley Brigham J , Zuccherato Luciana W , Ladran Ian G , Siegel Arthur J , McCarthy Shane , Malhotra Dheeraj , Sebat Jonathan , Rapoport Judith , Fossati Valentina , Lupski James R , Levy Deborah L , Brennand Kristen J
Published: June 2015

Neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia, are complex disorders with a high degree of heritability. Genetic studies have identified several candidate genes associated with these disorders, including contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2). Traditionally, in animal models or in vitro, CNTNAP2 has been studied by genetic deletion or transcriptional knockdown, which reduces the expression of the entire gene; however, it remains unclear whether the mutations identified in clinical settings are sufficient to alter CNTNAP2 expression in human neurons. Here, using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from two individuals with a large (289 kb) heterozygous deletion in CNTNAP2 (affecting exons 14–15) and discordant clinical outcomes, we have characterized CNTNAP2 expression patterns in hiPSC neural progenitor cells, two independent populations of hiPSC-derived neurons and hiPSC-derived oligodendrocyte precursor cells. First, we observed exon-specific changes in CNTNAP2 expression in both carriers; although the expression of exons 14–15 is significantly decreased, the expression of other exons is upregulated. Second, we observed significant differences in patterns of allele-specific expression in CNTNAP2 carriers that were consistent with the clinical outcome. Third, we observed a robust neural migration phenotype that correlated with diagnosis and exon- and allele-specific CNTNAP2 expression patterns, but not with genotype. In all, our data highlight the importance of considering the nature, location, and regulation of mutated alleles when attempting to connect genome wide association studies to gene function.
Prediction of structural features and application to outer membrane protein identification
Authors: Yan Renxiang , Wang Xiaofeng , Huang Lanqing , Yan Feidi , Xue Xiaoyu , Cai Weiwen
Published: June 2015

Protein three-dimensional (3D) structures provide insightful information in many fields of biology. One-dimensional properties derived from 3D structures such as secondary structure, residue solvent accessibility, residue depth and backbone torsion angles are helpful to protein function prediction, fold recognition and ab initio folding. Here, we predict various structural features with the assistance of neural network learning. Based on an independent test dataset, protein secondary structure prediction generates an overall Q3 accuracy of ~80%. Meanwhile, the prediction of relative solvent accessibility obtains the highest mean absolute error of 0.164 and prediction of residue depth achieves the lowest mean absolute error of 0.062. We further improve the outer membrane protein identification by including the predicted structural features in a scoring function using a simple profile-to-profile alignment. The results demonstrate that the accuracy of outer membrane protein identification can be improved by ~3% at a 1% false positive level when structural features are incorporated. Finally, our methods are available as two convenient and easy-to-use programs. One is PSSM-2-Features for predicting secondary structure, relative solvent accessibility, residue depth and backbone torsion angles, the other is PPA-OMP for identifying outer membrane proteins from proteomes.
DNA/protein binding, DNA cleavage, cytotoxicity, superoxide radical scavenging and molecular docking studies of copper(ii) complexes containing N-benzyl-N′-aryl-N′′-benzoylguanidine ligands
Authors: Jeyalakshmi Kumaramangalam , Arun Yuvaraj , Bhuvanesh Nattamai S. P. , Perumal Paramasivan Thirumalai , Sreekanth Anandaram , Karvembu Ramasamy
Published: June 2015

Copper(ii) complexes containing trisubstituted guanidine ligands were prepared, characterized and evaluated for their biological applications.
Phosphorylation-regulated crosslinking of gold nanoparticles: a new strategy for colorimetric detection of protein kinase activity
Authors: Sun Sujuan , Shen Haixia , Liu Chenghui , Li Zhengping
Published: June 2015

A facile colorimetric protein kinase assay has been developed based on the peptide phosphorylation-tuned crosslinking and aggregation of gold nanoparticles.
Bisphosphonate-functionalized hyaluronic acid showing selective affinity for osteoclasts as a potential treatment for osteoporosis
Authors: Kootala Sujit , Ossipov Dmitri , van den Beucken Jeroen JJP , Leeuwenburgh Sander , Hilborn Jöns
Published: June 2015

Bisphosphonate-functionalized hyaluronic can potentially reduce long-term administration of high doses of BPs.
Glycosyldiselenides as lectin ligands detectable by NMR in biofluids
Authors: Pérez-Victoria Ignacio , Boutureira Omar , Claridge Tim D. W. , Davis Benjamin G.
Published: June 2015

The ability of glycosyldiselenides to act as lectin ligands and their selective detection in plasma by 77Se NMR is reported.
Shape effect of Ag–Ni binary nanoparticles on catalytic hydrogenation aided by surface plasmons
Authors: Kim Chanyeon , Kwon Yongwoo , Lee Hyunjoo
Published: June 2015

Ag–Ni binary nanoparticles with different shapes (snowman and core–shell) were synthesized by modulating the lattice strain and used as plasmonic catalyst for hydrogenation.
Experiments and analysis of the two-step growth of InGaAs on GaAs substrate
Authors: Li Jinping , Miao Guoqing , Zhang Zhiwei , Zeng Yugang
Published: June 2015

In this highlight, a mechanism has been proposed to explain the dislocation density reduction in the epitaxial layer by a LT-buffer.
Excess electron interaction with radiosensitive 5-bromopyrimidine in aqueous solution: a combined ab initio molecular dynamics and time-dependent wave-packet study
Authors: Zhang Changzhe , Bu Yuxiang
Published: June 2015

Radiation-generated secondary electrons can induce resonance processes in a target molecule and fragment it via different pathways.
Synthetic chemistry with nitrous oxide
Authors: Severin Kay
Published: June 2015

Nitrous oxide (N2O, ‘laughing gas’) is a very inert molecule. Still, it can be used as a reagent in synthetic organic and inorganic chemistry, serving as O-atom donor, as N-atom donor, or as a oxidant in metal-catalyzed reactions.
Imaging agents
Authors: Chang Christopher J. , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur , James Tony D.
Published: June 2015

Guest editors Christopher J. Chang, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson and Tony D. James introduce the Imaging Agents issue of Chemical Society Reviews
Molecular Pac-Man and Tacos: layered Cu(ii) cages from ligands with high binding site concentrations
Authors: McDonald Cecelia , Williams David W. , Comar Priyanka , Coles Simon J. , Keene Tony D. , Pitak Mateusz B. , Brechin Euan K. , Jones Leigh F.
Published: June 2015

Sheet Metal: The deliberate in situ Schiff base condensation of two organic subunits (hydroxamic acid and phenolic aldehyde) leads to polydentate ligands capable of forming large Cu(ii) cages of nuclearities ranging from [Cu10] to [Cu30].
Group 1 and 2 cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene complexes
Authors: Turner Zoë R. , Buffet Jean-Charles
Published: June 2015

The first examples of cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) ligands bound to electropositive metal centres (K, Mg, Sr and Ba) have been isolated and characterised.
Modelling the interaction processes between nanoparticles and biomacromolecules of variable hydrophobicity: Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Carnal Fabrice , Clavier Arnaud , Stoll Serge
Published: June 2015

The conformational properties and formation of a complex between a weak flexible biomacromolecule chain of variable hydrophobicity and one negatively charged nanoparticle in the presence of explicit counterions are investigated here using Monte Carlo simulations.
Considerations of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry techniques for characterizing the dissolution of metal-based nanomaterials in biological tissues
Authors: Su Cheng-Kuan , Sun Yuh-Chang
Published: June 2015

Dissolution of metal-based nanomaterials (MNMs) leads to the release of metal ion species; this phenomenon is a major concern affecting the widespread application of MNMs because it can affect their subsequent biodistribution patterns and toxic responses toward living biological systems.
Synthesis and structural characterization of amido heteroscorpionate rare-earth metal complexes and hydroamination of aminoalkenes
Authors: Otero Antonio , Lara-Sánchez Agustín , Castro-Osma José A. , Márquez-Segovia Isabel , Alonso-Moreno Carlos , Fernández-Baeza Juan , Sánchez-Barba Luis F. , Rodríguez Ana M.
Published: June 2015

New amide heteroscorpionate rare-earth complexes were developed and used as efficient catalysts for the intramolecular hydroamination of aminoalkenes.
Mussel-inspired one-step modification of a porous structured surface with self-cleaning properties for oil sorption
Authors: Si Pengxiang , Wang Jikui , Guo Jiahong , Li Shenzhe , Cai Wanping , Xu Heng
Published: June 2015

Surface wettability switched after abrasion/healing cycle treatment.
Pathways for oxygen-isotope exchange in two model oxide clusters
Authors: Casey William H. , Rustad James R.
Published: June 2015

Coupled dynamic simulation and isotope-exchange studies of polyoxometalate ions stress the importance of metastable structural states.
Multifunctional superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for combined chemotherapy and hyperthermia cancer treatment
Authors: Quinto Christopher A. , Mohindra Priya , Tong Sheng , Bao Gang
Published: June 2015

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles optimized with a phospholipid-PEG coating achieve high Doxorubicin loading and heat generation for an enhanced multimodal cancer treatment.
A frozen matrix hybrid optical nonlinear system enhanced by a particle lens
Authors: Chen Lianwei , Zheng Xiaorui , Du Zheren , Jia Baohua , Gu Min , Hong Minghui
Published: June 2015

In this work, a Graphene Oxide (GO) nano-sheet and SiO2 micro-bead hybrid system based on a frozen matrix was investigated for its enhanced optical nonlinear performance.
Catalytic polymeric nanocomposites via cucurbit[n]uril host–guest interactions
Authors: Wu Yuchao , Lan Yang , Liu Ji , Scherman Oren A.
Published: June 2015

Polymeric nanocomposites were prepared by using cucurbit[7]uril as a ‘supramolecular anchor’, as well as stabilising ligand to immobilise catalytic transition-metal nanoparticles on the surface of methyl viologen-bearing polymeric colloids. The small metallic nanoparticles impart the nanocomposites with great potential in catalysis.
Accurate ab initio calculations of O–H⋯O and O–H⋯−O proton chemical shifts: towards elucidation of the nature of the hydrogen bond and prediction of hydrogen bond distances
Authors: Siskos Michael G. , Tzakos Andreas G. , Gerothanassis Ioannis P.
Published: June 2015

Ab initiocalculations of O–H⋯O and O–H⋯−O1H chemical shifts provide accurate electronic description of hydrogen bonding and sensitive measure of hydrogen bond lengths.
An investigation of nitrile transforming enzymes in the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of the taxol sidechain
Authors: Wilding Birgit , Veselá Alicja B. , Perry Justin J. B. , Black Gary W. , Zhang Meng , Martínková Ludmila , Klempier Norbert
Published: June 2015

Nitrile transforming enzymes, namely nitrilases and nitrile hydratases, are investigated for the enzymatic hydrolysis of two taxol sidechain precursors, an openchain α-hydroxy-β-amino nitrile and a cyanodihydrooxazole.
Chemical doping enhances electronic transport in networks of hexabenzocoronenes assembled in non-aqueous electrolyte
Authors: Gerber Laura C. H. , Frischmann Peter D. , Williams Teresa E. , Tichelaar Martijn , Tsai Erica Y. , Liu Yi-Sheng , Guo Jinghua , Pemmaraju C. D. , Prendergast David , Helms Brett A.
Published: June 2015

The electronic transport properties of HBC networks in non-aqueous electrolyte are tailored using synthetic chemistry and supramolecular design principles.
Tunable light harvesting properties of a highly crystalline alternating terpolymer for high-performing solar cells
Authors: Kim Aesun , Lee Dae Hee , Um Hyun Ah , Shin Jicheol , Cho Min Ju , Choi Dong Hoon
Published: June 2015

To investigate the influence of a polymer structure on photovoltaic performances, an A–D1–A–D2 type terpolymer system of PDPPPyT was synthesized and characterized.
Polyanhydride nanoparticles by ‘click’ thiol–ene polymerization
Authors: Poetz Katie L. , Durham Olivia Z. , Shipp Devon A.
Published: June 2015

The production of degradable polyanhydride-based nanoparticles using thiol–ene ‘click’ polymerizations is described.
Lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LSMO) nanoparticles: a versatile platform for anticancer therapy
Authors: Kulkarni Vaishnavi M. , Bodas Dhananjay , Paknikar Kishore M.
Published: June 2015

Multiple uses of LSMO nanoparticles in anticancer therapy.
Recent developments in honey characterization
Authors: Consonni Roberto , Cagliani Laura Ruth
Published: June 2015

Advanced analytical techniques in honey characterization.
Synthesis of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil using waste eggshell and study of its fuel properties
Authors: Chavan Supriya B. , Kumbhar Rajendra R. , Madhu D. , Singh Bhaskar , Sharma Yogesh C.
Published: June 2015

High purity calcium oxide (CaO) was prepared from eggshell and was used as a catalyst for the production of biodiesel.
Understanding empirical powder flowability criteria scaled by Hausner ratio or Carr index with the analogous viscosity concept
Authors: Hao Tian
Published: June 2015

The viscosity concept is introduced to granular powders after the analogous granular temperature is defined, and the viscosity equations are derived with the Eyring's rate process theory and free volume concept.
Integrative investigation of Semen Strychni nephrotoxicity and the protective effect of Radix Glycyrrhizae by a UPLC-MS/MS method based cell metabolomics strategy in HEK 293t cell lysates
Authors: Gu Liqiang , Li Shujuan , Zhang Ruowen , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Xiaofan , Zhang Kexia , Liu Ziying , Bi Kaishun , Chen Xiaohui
Published: June 2015

Scheme of the cell metabolomics strategy workflow.
Novel tunable composites based on bentonite and modified tragacanth gum for removal of acid dyes from aqueous solutions
Authors: Sadeghi Susan , Moghaddam Ali Zeraatkar , Massinaei Mohammad
Published: June 2015

A series of new adsorbents derived from tragacanth gum-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate) and bentonite (TG-g-PMMA/B) were synthesized.
Electrochemical sensors of octylphenol based on molecularly imprinted poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene–gold nanoparticles)
Authors: Pan Yanhui , Zhao Faqiong , Zeng Baizhao
Published: June 2015

Two molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors are fabricated by using EDOT and EDOT–AuNPs as monomers, respectively. The sensors show good analytical performance for OP sensing. Note: graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), 4-tert-octyl-phenol (OP).
Dye–collagen interactions. Mechanism, kinetic and thermodynamic analysis
Authors: Tuttolomondo Maria Victoria , Galdopórpora Juan Manuel , Trichet Lea , Voisin Hugo , Coradin Thibaud , Desimone Martin Federico
Published: June 2015

Dye–collagen interactions. Mechanism, kinetic and thermodynamic analysis.
Nanocomposite Li3V2(PO4)3/carbon as a cathode material with high rate performance and long-term cycling stability in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Xiong Peixun , Zeng Lingxing , Li Huan , Zheng Cheng , Wei Mingdeng
Published: June 2015

Li3V2(PO4)3/carbon nanocomposite with high electrochemical performance has been successfully synthesized by combining sol–gel method and nanocasting route.
One-step fabrication of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane modified silica and investigation of fluorinated polyacrylate/silica nanocomposite films
Authors: Yang Wei , Zhu Liqun , Chen Yichi
Published: June 2015

One-step synthesis of MPS-functionalized silica and preparation of film forming fluorinated polyacrylate/silica nanocomposite particles.
Palladium catalyzed oxidation of renewable terpenes with molecular oxygen: oxidation of α-bisabolol under chloride-free nonacidic conditions
Authors: Parreira Luciana A. , da Cunha Andressa M. , Menini Luciano , Gusevskaya Elena V.
Published: June 2015

A novel selective palladium catalyzed oxidation of α-bisabolol by molecular oxygen under chloride-free nonacidic conditions has been developed.
Ni nanoparticles supported on mesoporous silica (2D, 3D) architectures: highly efficient catalysts for the hydrocyclization of biomass-derived levulinic acid
Authors: Varkolu Mohan , Velpula Venkateshwarlu , Ganji Saidulu , Burri David Raju , Rao Kamaraju Seetha Rama
Published: June 2015

Ni nanoparticles supported on various mesoporous silicas with 2D (COK-12) and 3D architectures (KIT-6 and SBA-16) exhibited superior catalytic performance in the vapor-phase hydrocyclization of biomass-derived levulinic acid at atmospheric pressure.
Ultrasound-assisted removal of Al3+ ions and Alizarin red S by activated carbon engrafted with Ag nanoparticles: central composite design and genetic algorithm optimization
Authors: Jamshidi Mahdi , Ghaedi Mehrorang , Dashtian Kheibar , Hajati Shaaker , Bazrafshan Aliakbar
Published: June 2015

In this study, activated carbon engrafted with Ag nanoparticles (Ag-NPs–AC) was prepared and applied for ultrasonic assisted simultaneous removal of aluminum (Al3+) ions and Alizarin red S (ARS) dye from an aqueous medium.
Reaction of a diaryldigermyne with ethylene
Authors: Sasamori Takahiro , Sugahara Tomohiro , Agou Tomohiro , Sugamata Koh , Guo Jing-Dong , Nagase Shigeru , Tokitoh Norihiro
Published: June 2015

Reaction of a stable digermyne with ethylene afforded the corresponding 1,2-digermacyclobutene. Depending on the reaction conditions applied, further reaction of this 1,2-digermacyclobutene with ethylene furnished two different reaction products: a 1,4-digerma-bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane or a bis(germiranyl)ethane.
Terpyridine–Cu(ii) targeting human telomeric DNA to produce highly stereospecific G-quadruplex DNA metalloenzyme
Authors: Li Yinghao , Cheng Mingpan , Hao Jingya , Wang Changhao , Jia Guoqing , Li Can
Published: June 2015

A highly stereospecific G-quadruplex DNA metalloenzyme was found by exploring the G-quadruplex targeting ligand pool.
Chemical selectivity of nucleobase adduction relative to in vivo mutation sites on exon 7 fragment of p53 tumor suppressor gene
Authors: Malla Spundana , Kadimisetty Karteek , Fu You-Jun , Choudhary Dharamainder , Jansson Ingela , Schenkman John B. , Rusling James F.
Published: June 2015

A 32-bp fragment of P53 gene reacted with benzo[a]pyrene metabolite BPDE was analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Chemically reactive sites were similar to frequently mutated codons in tumors.
Detection of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in DNA via host–guest interactions inside α-hemolysin nanopores
Authors: Zeng Tao , Liu Lei , Li Ting , Li Yuru , Gao Juan , Zhao Yuliang , Wu Hai-Chen
Published: June 2015

After selective modification with a host–guest complex, 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in ssDNA can be unambiguously detected by the generation of characteristic current events during the translocation of the modified DNA through α-hemolysin nanopores.
Gold(i)-catalyzed cycloisomerization of vinylidenecyclopropane-enes via carbene or non-carbene processes
Authors: Li De-Yao , Wei Yin , Marek Ilan , Tang Xiang-Ying , Shi Min
Published: June 2015

Gold catalyzed cycloisomerization of aromatic ring tethered vinylidenecyclopropane-enes provides a divergent synthetic protocol for the construction of O-containing fused heterocycles through controllable carbene or non-carbene related processes.
From ribbons to tubules: a computational study of the polymorphism in aggregation of helical filaments
Authors: Gruziel Magdalena , Szymczak Piotr
Published: June 2015

Transformation between helicoidal and tubular morphology of fibrous aggregates.
Molecular cobalt–salen complexes as novel cocatalysts for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production over a CdS nanorod photosensitizer under visible light
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Sun Zijun , Ye Sheng , Lu Dapeng , Du Pingwu
Published: June 2015

The present study reports an efficient photocatalytic system for hydrogen production based on CdS nanorods photosensitizer and a cobalt–salen complex as the cocatalyst.
Defect- and S-rich ultrathin MoS2nanosheet embedded N-doped carbon nanofibers for efficient hydrogen evolution
Authors: Guo Yaxiao , Zhang Xiaoyan , Zhang Xueping , You Tianyan
Published: June 2015

Defect- and S-rich ultrathin MoS2nanosheet embedded N-doped carbon nanofiber composites (MoS2/NCNFs) exhibit outstanding HER electrocatalytic activity.
The study of polythiophene/water interfaces by sum-frequency generation spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Bellani S. , Porro M. , Caddeo C. , Saba M. I. , Miranda P. B. , Mattoni A. , Lanzani G. , Antognazza M. R.
Published: June 2015

Polythiophene/water interfaces are investigated by sum frequency generation spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, showing a preferential edge-on molecular orientation.
Metallic nanoparticles as synthetic building blocks for cancer diagnostics: from materials design to molecular imaging applications
Authors: Mirabello Vincenzo , Calatayud David G. , Arrowsmith Rory L. , Ge Haobo , Pascu Sofia I.
Published: June 2015

New perspectives on the efficiency of metallic nanoparticles as synthetic scaffolds for molecular imaging probe design and their use in medical diagnosis of degenerative diseases such as cancer.
Transistors fabricated using the single crystals of [8]phenacene
Authors: Shimo Yuma , Mikami Takahiro , Murakami Hiroto T. , Hamao Shino , Goto Hidenori , Okamoto Hideki , Gohda Shin , Sato Kaori , Cassinese Antonio , Hayashi Yasuhiko , Kubozono Yoshihiro
Published: June 2015

Field-effect transistors have been fabricated using [8]phenacene single-crystals, showing the maximumμvalue of 8.2 cm2V−1s−1. The CMOS inverter circuit has also been fabricated.
The cellular toxicology of mitragynine, the dominant alkaloid of the narcotic-like herb, Mitragyna speciosa Korth
Authors: Saidin Nor Aini , Holmes Elaine , Takayama Hiromitsu , Gooderham Nigel J.
Published: June 2015

The cytotoxicity of mitragynine, the dominant alkaloid of the narcotic-like herb,Mitragyna speciosaKorth (Kratom) involves cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and opiate receptors.
Relationship between transport properties and band diagrams in InAsxSb1−x/Al0.1In0.9Sb quantum wells
Authors: Manago Takashi , Ishida Shuichi , Geka Hirotaka , Shibasaki Ichiro
Published: June 2015

The resistivity of InAs0.1Sb0.9/Al0.1In0.9Sb quantum wells (QWs) is much lower than that of InSb/Al0.1In0.9Sb QWs, staying low resistivity even at low temperature. Fundamental difference in low temperature transport properties between InSb/Al0.1In0.9Sb and InAs0.1Sb0.9/Al0.1In0.9Sb QWs was revealed, based on the band diagram calculations of these QWs. Band diagrams of InAsxSb1−x/Al0.1In0.9Sb QWs showed that the energy band of the InAsxSb1−x layer moves downward with increasing As content x. The QW is type I at x equal to 0, becomes type II at x equal to 0.1. The Fermi level (EF) of the InSb QWs lies in the band gap and below apart from the bottom of the conduction band, while EF of the InAs0.1Sb0.9 QWs is above the bottom of the conduction band of the well. The calculated sheet carrier densities are in good agreement with the experimental results. It well explains that the sheet carrier density difference between InSb and InAs0.1Sb0.9 QWs mainly originates from this band diagram difference and the position of EF.
Wettability of water droplet on misoriented graphene bilayer sructure: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Liu Qingchang , Xu Baoxing
Published: June 2015

Graphene continues to attract growing attention with its exceptional physical and mechanical properties, and more than one layer graphene structure with an orientation mismatch is often involved in practice. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we report the wettability of water droplet on a misoriented graphene bilayer structure. The contact angle of water droplet will change with the interlayer orientation of bilayer graphene structure, and reaches a maximum of 97.97 ± 1.15° at orientation mismatch of 40°. Comprehensive understanding on density profile and hydrogen bonding of water molecules and water-carbon interactive energy is explored to reveal the molecular mechanism.
Improving microwave antenna gain and bandwidth with phase compensation metasurface
Authors: Chen Ke , Yang Zhongjie , Feng Yijun , Zhu Bo , Zhao Junming , Jiang Tian
Published: June 2015

Metasurface, as a planar version of artificial metamaterial, provide an effective way to manipulate electromagnetic wave propagation. Here, we present a transparent metasurface for compensating the out-of-phase radiation from a microstrip patch antenna to improve its radiation gain and bandwidth. Based on the equivalence principle of Huygens’ surface, we propose metasurface composed of both inductive and capacitive resonant elements which could produce high transmission with variable phase characteristics. Such metasurface mounted on a patch antenna can transform the spherical-like phase profile generated from the patch into an in-phase planar one. A prototype antenna has been fabricated and validated the squeezed radiation pattern with suppressed sidelobes as well as enhanced impedance bandwidth due to strong near-field coupling. As operating at around 5.7 GHz, the proposed antenna may have potential application in wireless communication systems especially for point-to-point data transmission. It is believed that the design methodology could also be scaled to other frequency bands such as millimeter or terahertz wave.
Combined application of silica and nitrogen alleviates the damage of flooding stress in rice
Authors: Lal B. , Gautam Priyanka , Mohanty S. , Raja R. , Tripathi R. , Shahid M. , Panda B. B. , Baig M. J. , Rath Liza , Bhattacharyya P. , Nayak A. K.
Published: June 2015

Flooding is the major abiotic stress in flood-prone rice ecosystems, where duration, severity and turbidity of flooding are the factors negatively affecting survival and crop growth worldwide. Advances in physiology, genetics, and molecular biology have greatly improved our understanding of plant responses to stresses, but nutrient-management options are still lacking. This study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of silica (Si), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) with Sub1 and non-Sub1 cultivars of rice under clear and turbid water submergence. Submergence tolerance effects on allometry, metabolic changes, photosynthetic rate and ethylene accumulation were evaluated. Application of Si reduced elongation, lodging and leaf senescence, with more prominent effects when applied with basal P. Combined effect of Si, N and P significantly improved, growth, photosynthetic rate, concentrations of chlorophyll and soluble sugars of rice after flood recovery, which led to higher plant survival. The findings of the study suggest that combined application of Si, N and P can significantly contribute to higher survival of rice seedlings and establishment thereafter in flash-flood prone areas.
Antifungal activity of plant extracts against Embellisia astragali, the fungal causal agent of yellow dwarf and root-rot disease of standing milkvetch
Authors: Zeng Cuiyun , Zhu Xiaoyu , Cui Zhen , Li Yanzhong
Published: June 2015

In an attempt to find biological fungicides, we screened 18 medicinal plants used in Chinese traditional medicine for their activity against Embellisia astragali, the causative fungus of yellow dwarf and root-rot disease in standing milkvetch (Astragalus adsurgens Pall.). The antifungal eﬃcacy of ethanolic extracts of these plants was tested in vitro. Our results show that among the 18 plants tested, the ethanolic extracts of Saposhnikovia divaricata, Allium sativum and Juglans regia totally inhibited mycelial growth of E. astragali. These three extracts also significantly inhibited spore germination of E. astragali, with inhibition rates ranging from 86% to 88%. In addition, the same extract from the same plant part indicated the strongest antifungal activity against E. astragali, with a minimal inhibitory concentration value of 50 mg mL–1. These results demonstrate that plant-derived products have a high potential to control yellow dwarf and root-rot disease in standing milkvetch.
Platelet microparticles are internalized in neutrophils via the concerted activity of 12-lipoxygenase and secreted phospholipase A
2
-IIA
Authors: Duchez Anne-Claire , Boudreau Luc H. , Naika Gajendra S. , Bollinger James , Belleannée Clémence , Cloutier Nathalie , Laffont Benoit , Mendoza-Villarroel Raifish E. , Lévesque Tania , Rollet-Labelle Emmanuelle , Rousseau Matthieu , Allaeys Isabelle , Tremblay Jacques J. , Poubelle Patrice E. , Lambeau Gérard , Pouliot Marc , Provost Patrick , Soulet Denis , Gelb Michael H. , Boilard Eric
Published: June 2015

Significance

On activation, blood platelets package components from their cytoplasm into microparticles (MPs), tiny vesicles released by cytoplasmic membrane budding and shedding. Given that MPs can impact other cellular lineages on internalization, we aimed to decipher the mechanisms promoting MP internalization by cellular recipients. We modeled MP internalization by neutrophils and identified a predominant lipid, 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetranoic acid, as a mediator critical for the promotion of MP internalization. MPs were found inside neutrophils from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis, and their presence in neutrophils in the joints of mice treated with arthritogenic serum is dependent on the expression of enzymes implicated in the generation of 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetranoic acid. These findings reveal a unique molecular mechanism implicated in MP internalization relevant to inflammatory processes.
Evidence for the negative impact of reward on self-regulated learning
Authors: Wehe Hillary S. , Rhodes Matthew G. , Seger Carol A.
Published: June 2015

The undermining effect refers to the detrimental impact rewards can have on intrinsic motivation to engage in a behaviour. The current study tested the hypothesis that participants’ self-regulated learning behaviours are susceptible to the undermining effect. Participants were assigned to learn a set of Swahili–English word pairs. Half of the participants were offered a reward for performance, and half were not offered a reward. After the initial study phase, participants were permitted to continue studying the words during a free period. The results were consistent with an undermining effect: Participants who were not offered a reward spent more time studying the words during the free period. The results suggest that rewards may negatively impact self-regulated learning behaviours and provide support for the encouragement of intrinsic motivation.
Convergence of flux-splitting finite volume schemes for hyperbolic scalar conservation laws with a multiplicative stochastic perturbation
Authors: Bauzet C. , Charrier J. , Gallouët T.
Published: June 2015

Here, we study explicit flux-splitting finite volume discretizations of multi-dimensional nonlinear scalar conservation laws perturbed by a multiplicative noise with a given initial data inL2(Rd)L^{2}(\mathbb {R}^d). Under a stability condition on the time step, we prove the convergence of the finite volume approximation towards the unique stochastic entropy solution of the equation.
On the 𝐿^{𝑞}-spectrum of planar self-affine measures
Authors: Fraser Jonathan
Published: June 2015

We study the dimension theory of a class of planar self-affine multifractal measures. These measures are the Bernoulli measures supported on box-like self-affine sets, introduced by the author, which are the attractors of iterated function systems consisting of contracting affine maps which take the unit square to rectangles with sides parallel to the axes. This class contains the self-affine measures recently considered by Feng and Wang as well as many other measures. In particular, we allow the defining maps to have non-trivial rotational and reflectional components. Assuming the rectangular open set condition, we compute the

L
q

L^q

-spectrum by means of a

q
q

-modified singular value function.

A key application of our results is a closed form expression for the

L
q

L^q

-spectrum in the case where there are no mappings that switch the coordinate axes. This is useful for computational purposes and also allows us to prove differentiability of the

L
q

L^q

-spectrum at

q
=
1

q=1

in the more difficult ‘non-multiplicative’ situation. This has applications concerning the Hausdorff, packing and entropy dimension of the measure as well as the Hausdorff and packing dimension of the support. Due to the possible inclusion of axis reversing maps, we are led to extend some results of Peres and Solomyak on the existence of the

L
q

L^q

-spectrum of self-similar measures to the graph-directed case.