bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lewis acid Sn-Beta catalysts for the cycloaddition of isoprene and methyl acrylate: a greener route to bio-derived monomers
Authors: Treu Philipp , Huber Philipp , Plessow Philipp N. , Studt Felix , Saraçi Erisa
Published: November 2022

Framework-Sn sites in Sn-Beta zeolites provide the required Lewis acidity to selectively catalyze the Diels–Alder cycloaddition between methyl acrylate and isoprene, affording a precursor to bio-terephthalic acid.
Bayesian optimization in continuous spaces via virtual process embeddings
Authors: Valleti Mani , Vasudevan Rama K. , Ziatdinov Maxim A. , Kalinin Sergei V.
Published: November 2022

Process optimization in the latent space of functions via variational autoencoder (VAE) and Bayesian Optimization (BO). We demonstrate this to optimize the curl of a kinetic ferroelectric model.
Two-dimensional porous CeO2@Co3O4 sheet-like heterostructures for high-performance aqueous hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Guiyuan , Cheng Qihui , Liao Fangfang , Mao Lei , Zhao Xun , Chen Lingyun
Published: November 2022

In this work, we have propose a simple and facile hydrothermal method for the synthesis of 2D porous CeO2@Co3O4 sheet-like heterostructures with superior supercapacitor performance.
Palladium hydrazonato complexes and their role in the Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of hydrazones as carbene precursors
Authors: Villalba Francisco , Albéniz Ana C.
Published: November 2022

Strongly coordinating, hydrazonates easily bind to palladium and the complexes formed are likely predominant in the speciation of the metal. The decomposition to diazoalkanes occurs outside the coordination sphere of the metal.
Realizing record-high output power in flexible gelatin/GTA-KCl-FeCN4−/3− ionic thermoelectric cells enabled by extending the working temperature range
Authors: Li Yuchen , Li Qikai , Zhang Xinbo , Zhang Jiajia , Wang Shuaihua , Lai Liuqin , Zhu Kang , Liu Weishu
Published: November 2022

Record-high power and energy density are achieved in gelatin/GTA-KCl-FeCN4−/3− i-TE cells by extending the working temperature range.
Daphnetin contributes to allergen-induced Th2 cytokine expression and type 2-immune responses in atopic dermatitis and asthma
Authors: Zhang Yi , Qu Lu , Sun Yun , Lin YuPing , Zeng Jing , He LiXia , Li Xiucun , Gu Wen , Nie Jian , Yu Xiaoling , Tong XiaoYun , Huang Feng
Published: November 2022

Daphnetin reduced atopic dermatitis, asthma and PCA symptom. Daphnetin inhibited activation of mast cell. Daphnetin might be a candidate for the treatment of AD.
A photobasic D–A fluorophore with a high intramolecular charge-transfer as a model strategy for designing organic proton-coupled electron-transfer modulators: an analysis based on steady-state fluorescence, isotopic effect and theoretical study
Authors: Romero Angel H. , Romero Ivan E. , Gotopo Lourdes , Cabrera Gustavo , Cerecetto Hugo
Published: November 2022

A high-CT organic fluorophore featuring an internal weak basic moiety to promote a selectively diverse PCET mechanism upon excitation.
Double spiral chip-embedded micro-trapezoid filters (SMT filters) for the sensitive isolation of CTCs of prostate cancer by spectral detection
Authors: Chen Hongmei , Li Qingli , Hu Qinghai , Jiao Xiaodong , Ren Wenjie , Wang Shuangshou , Peng Guosheng
Published: November 2022

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that are released from the original tumor and circulate in the blood vessels, carrying greatly similar constituents as the original tumor.
A dual-response drug delivery system with X-ray and ROS to boost the anti-tumor efficiency of TPZ via enhancement of tumor hypoxia levels
Authors: Han Panli , Zhang Lianxue , Fu Yaqi , Fu Youyu , Huang Jianxiang , He Jinlin , Ni Peihong , Khan Taimoor , Jiao Yang , Yang Zaixing , Zhou Ruhong
Published: November 2022

The selective anti-tumor activity and less toxic nature of hypoxia-activated prodrugs including tirapazamine (TPZ) are harbored by hypoxia levels in tumors, the inadequacy of which leads to failure in clinical trials.
A cerium vanadate/S heterostructure for a long-life zinc-ion battery: efficient electron transfer by the anchored sulfur
Authors: Li Yuan , Li Kai , Liu Yang , Gong Yun
Published: November 2022

Ce0.3V2O5(H2O)·H2O (CeVO)/S exhibits a high capacity and an ultralong lifespan due to the conversion between S and vanadium sulfide, in which S transfers electrons to maintain the crystallinity and stability of CeVO.
Impacts of noncovalent interactions involving sulfur atoms on protein stability, structure, folding, and bioactivity
Authors: Kojasoy Volga , Tantillo Dean J.
Published: November 2022

This review discusses the various types of noncovalent interactions in which sulfur atoms participate and their effects on protein stability, structure, folding and bioactivity.
The substrate scope of dehydratases in antibiotic biosynthesis and their application in kinetic resolutions
Authors: Yin Zhiyong , Bär Daniel , Gust Bertolt , Dickschat Jeroen S.
Published: November 2022

The dehydratase BorDH2 from borrelidin biosynthesis was found to have a wide substrate tolerance in the dehydration of 3D alcohols and was applied in kinetic resolutions.
Tailoring lixiviant properties to optimise selectivity in E-waste recycling
Authors: Hartley Jennifer M. , Scott Sean , Marin Rivera Rodolfo , Hunt Phil , Lucio Anthony J. , Bird Philip , Harris Robert , Jenkin Gawen R. T. , Abbott Andrew P.
Published: November 2022

The presence of water in a DES imparts selectivity to metal etching via the formation of passivation layers.
Dose rate dependent cation & anion radiation enhanced diffusion in hematite
Authors: Yano Kayla H. , Kohnert Aaron A. , Kaspar Tiffany C. , Taylor Sandra D. , Spurgeon Steven R. , Kim Hyosim , Wang Yongqiang , Uberuaga Blas P. , Schreiber Daniel K.
Published: November 2022

Irradiation induced non-equilibrium point defect populations influence mass transport in oxides, which in turn affects their stability and performance in hostile environments. In this study a strong dose rate dependence is observed.
Equilibrating the key parameters of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters towards efficient red/near-infrared OLEDs
Authors: Fan Jinming , Xu Yulin , Li Nengquan , Miao Jingsheng , Zhou Changjiang , Liu Tengxiao , Zhu Minrong , Yin Xiaojun
Published: November 2022

Precisely regulating the key parameters associated with the thermally activated delayed fluorescence process is accomplished with optimized π-bridges or end-groups, affording improved maximum external quantum efficiencies of 18.9% (@630 nm).
Synthesis, characterization, and semiconducting properties of π-conjugated polymers containing hydrogen-bonded bis-pyridine-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene moieties
Authors: Zhang Bo , Ge Congwu , Xie Cong , Lin Kaiwen , Yang Wei , Liu Bingyong , Gao Xike , Zhou Yinhua , Zhang Qing
Published: November 2022

A hydrogen bonded pyridine-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-pyridine type building block TTPY has been synthesized for π-conjugated polymers and their application in organic electronic devices.
One-to-One or One
Too Many
? Linking Sound-to-Letter Mappings to Speech Sound Perception and Production in Early Readers
Authors: Jevtović Mina , Stoehr Antje , Klimovich-Gray Anastasia , Antzaka Alexia , Martin Clara D.
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Effects related to literacy acquisition have been observed at different levels of speech processing. This study investigated the link between orthographic knowledge and children's perception and production of specific speech sounds.

Method:

Sixty Spanish-speaking second graders, differing in their phonological decoding skills, completed a speech perception and a production task. In the perception task, a behavioral adaptation of the oddball paradigm was used. Children had to detect orthographically consistent /t/, which has a unique orthographic representation (〈t〉), and inconsistent /k/, which maps onto three different graphemes (〈c〉, 〈qu〉, and 〈k〉), both appearing infrequently within a repetitive auditory sequence. In the production task, children produced these same sounds in meaningless syllables.

Results:

Perception results show that all children were faster at detecting consistent than inconsistent sounds regardless of their decoding skills. In the production task, however, the same facilitation for consistent sounds was linked to better decoding skills.

Conclusions:

These findings demonstrate differences in speech sound processing related to literacy acquisition. Literacy acquisition may therefore affect already-formed speech sound representations. Crucially, the strength of this link in production is modulated by individual decoding skills.
Discovery of a probable very fast extragalactic nova in a symbiotic binary
Authors: Modiano David , Wijnands Rudy
Published: November 2022

Very fast novae are novae that evolve exceptionally quickly (on timescales of only days). Due to their rapid evolution, very fast novae are challenging to detect and study, especially at early times. Here we report the discovery, made as part of our Transient UV Objects project, of a probable very fast nova in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 300. We detected the rise to the peak (which are rarely observed for very fast novae) in the near-ultraviolet (NUV), with the first detection just ∼2 h after the eruption started. The peak and early stages of the decay were also observed in UV and optical bands. The source rapidly decayed (two NUV magnitudes within 3.5 days), making it one of the fastest novae known. In addition, a likely quiescent counterpart was found in archival near-infrared Spitzer and VIRCAM images, but not in any deep optical and UV observations, indicating a very red spectral shape in quiescence. The outburst and quiescence properties suggest that the system is likely a symbiotic binary. We discuss this new transient in the context of very fast novae in general and specifically as a promising supernova Type Ia progenitor candidate, due to its very high inferred WD mass (∼1.35 M⊙; determined by comparing this source to other very fast novae).
Seasonal Variability of Resuspension
Authors: Linda Jakub , Köbölová Klaudia , Uhlík Ondřej , Pospíšil Jiří , Apeltauer Tomáš
Published: November 2022

Particulate air pollution in cities is caused by a variety of sources. One of the less-studied contributors is wind-induced particle resuspension. As the wind speed increases, particles are removed from surfaces. These particles cause an increase in the total concentration in the air. It is known that particles of 10-2.5 μm in size can be resuspended (PM10-2,5). Modern emission monitoring in cities also allows the monitoring of fine particles of 10, 2.5 and 1 μm in size. The size fractions can then be sorted into PM10-2,5, PM2,5-1 and PM1. When breathed in, particles of different sizes cause various serious health risks. This paper focuses on the identification of the resuspension process of different particle size fractions by a data processing method. Data measured by automatic emission monitoring are used. It is confirmed that the concentration increase can be dominated by the fraction PM10-2,5. However, a concentration increase of fractions PM2,5-1 and PM1 is also evident with increasing wind speed. Although the increase in the PM1 fraction is smaller than PM10-2,5, it is more severe due to the respiratory deposition dose. The resuspension of particles of different fractions has different behaviours during the year. PM10-2,5 particles are dominantly resuspended in the summer months. In winter, on the other hand, the proportion of PM2.5-1 and PM1 particles increases, which may be related to the heating season
Vaginal Birth at Term – Part 1. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S3-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/083, December 2020)
Authors: Abou-Dakn Michael , Schäfers Rainhild , Peterwerth Nina , Asmushen Kirsten , Bässler-Weber Susanne , Boes Ulrike , Bosch Andrea , Ehm David , Fischer Thorsten , Greening Monika , Hartmann Katharina , Heller Günther , Kapp Claudia , von Kaisenberg Constantin , Kayer Beate , Kranke Peter , Lawrenz Burkhard , Louwen Frank , Loytved Christine , Lütje Wolf , Mattern Elke , Nielsen Renate , Reister Frank , Schlösser Rolf , Schwarz Christiane , Stephan Volker , Kalberer Barbara Stocker , Valet Axel , Wenk Manuel , Kehl Sven
Published: November 2022

Purpose This guideline aims to summarize the current state of knowledge about vaginal birth at term. The guideline focuses on definitions of the physiological stages of labor as well as differentiating between various pathological developments and conditions. It also assesses the need for intervention and the options to avoid interventions. This first part presents recommendations and statements about patient information and counselling, general patient care, monitoring of patients, pain management and quality control measures for vaginal birth.

Methods The German recommendations largely reproduce the recommendations of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) CG 190 guideline “Intrapartum care for healthy women and babies”. Other international guidelines were also consulted in specific cases when compiling this guideline. In addition, a systematic search and analysis of the literature was carried out using PICO questions, if this was considered necessary, and other systematic reviews and individual studies were taken into account. For easier comprehension, the assessment tools of the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) were used to evaluate the quality of the additionally consulted studies. Otherwise, the GRADE system was used for the NICE guideline and the evidence reports of the IQWiG were used to evaluate the quality of the evidence.

Recommendations Recommendations and statements were formulated based on identified evidence and/or a structured consensus.
The Evolution of Pelvic Pouch Surgery: Optimal Pouch Design for an Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis
Authors: Miller-Ocuin Jennifer L. , Dietz David W.
Published: November 2022

The history of pouch surgery is rooted in surgical innovation to improve quality of life in patients requiring surgical extirpation of the colon and rectum. From the early straight ileoanal anastomosis to the continent ileostomy to the modern ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA), techniques have evolved in response to pitfalls in design. Optimal IPAA design and construction have changed in response to functional outcomes. Nowadays, restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA is the optimal treatment for patients with ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis. The J-pouch with stapled anastomosis has become the preferred procedure. Historical configurations and technical pearls, as described in this article, should be considered by surgeons who regularly care for patients requiring ileal pouch surgery.
A new approach for accurate determination of particle sizes in microfluidic impedance cytometry
Authors: Priyadarshi N. , Abbasi U. , Kumaran V. , Chowdhury P.
Published: November 2022

In microfluidic impedance cytometry, the change in impedance is recorded as an individual cell passes through a channel between electrodes deposited on its walls, and the particle size is inferred from the amplitude of the impedance signal using calibration. However, because the current density is nonuniform between electrodes of finite width, there could be an error in the particle size measurement because of uncertainty about the location of the particle in the channel cross section. Here, a correlation is developed relating the particle size to the signal amplitude and the velocity of the particle through the channel. The latter is inferred from the time interval between the two extrema in the impedance curve as the particle passes through a channel with cross-sectional dimensions of 50 μm (width) × 30 μm (height) with two pairs of parallel facing electrodes. The change in impedance is predicted using 3D COMSOL finite-element simulations, and a theoretical correlation that is independent of particle size is formulated to correct the particle diameter for variations in the cross-sectional location. With this correlation, the standard deviation in the experimental data is reduced by a factor of two to close to the standard deviation reported in the manufacturer specifications.
Research on extraction method of tunnel magnetic resonance detection signal based on collaborative filtering
Authors: Diao Shu , Shi Bori , Xu Aoshu
Published: November 2022

Magnetic resonance detection of tunnel as a non-invasive, direct and quantitative geophysical method for detecting groundwater has attracted much attention in the research of tunnel water hazard early warning. In view of the complex environment where the magnetic resonance detection signal is only nanovolt and the tunnel space, the peak noise and environmental noise are much greater than those of ground magnetic resonance detection. In this paper, we propose a peak noise suppression method based on collaborative filtering to suppress the peak noise of tunnel magnetic resonance rotation detection. In this method, the co-filtering parameters are calculated by using the data without peak noise, and then the peak noise suppression of rotation detection is realized. Through simulation, this method can effectively suppress the peak noise in the tunnel rotation detection magnetic resonance signal and improve the signal quality without changing the relaxation and attenuation characteristics of the tunnel magnetic resonance detection signal. The noise reduction effect of peak noise suppression method based on collaborative filtering is compared and analyzed when the amplitude and quantity of peak noise are different. The influence of this method on the peak noise suppression effect under different Gaussian noise levels is discussed. It is concluded that collaborative filtering can suppress the peak and part of Gaussian noise well without losing the effective magnetic resonance signal.
Current-induced enhancement of photo-response in graphene THz radiation detectors
Authors: Indykiewicz K. , Bray C. , Consejo C. , Teppe F. , Danilov S. , Ganichev S. D. , Yurgens A.
Published: November 2022

Thermoelectric readout in a graphene terahertz (THz) radiation detector requires a p-n junction across the graphene channel. Even without an intentional p-n junction, two latent junctions can exist in the vicinity of the electrodes/antennas through the proximity to the metal. In a symmetrical structure, these junctions are connected back-to-back and therefore counterbalance each other with regard to rectification of the ac signal. Because of the Peltier effect, a small dc current results in additional heating in one and cooling in another p-n junction, thereby breaking the symmetry. The p-n junctions then no longer cancel, resulting in a greatly enhanced rectified signal. This allows simplifying the design and controlling the sensitivity of THz radiation detectors.
Remaining useful life prediction for equipment based on RF-BiLSTM
Authors: Wu Zhiqiang , Wang Zhenxi , Wei Huihui , Ren Jianji , Yuan Yongliang , Wang Taijie , Duan Wenxian , Wei Hefan , Wang Shukai
Published: November 2022

The prediction technology of remaining useful life has received a lot attention to ensure the reliability and stability of complex mechanical equipment. Due to the large-scale, non-linear, and high-dimensional characteristics of monitoring data, machine learning does not need an exact physical model and prior expert knowledge. It has robust data processing ability, which shows a broad prospect in the field of life prediction of complex mechanical and electrical equipment. Therefore, a remaining useful life prediction algorithm based on Random Forest and Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (RF-BiLSTM) is proposed. In the RF-BiLSTM algorithm, RF is utilized to extract health indicators that reflect the life of the equipment. On this basis, a BiLSTM neural network is used to predict the residual life of the device. The effectiveness and advanced performance of RF-BiLSTM are verified in commercial modular aviation propulsion system datasets. The experimental results show that the RMSE of the RF-BiLSTM is 0.3892, which is 47.96%, 84.81%, 38.89%, and 86.53% lower than that of LSTM, SVR, XGBoost, and AdaBoost, respectively. It is verified that RF-BiLSTM can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of the remaining useful life of complex mechanical and electrical equipment, and it has certain application value.
A review on the active thermal management researches of epidermal electronic devices
Authors: Cui Yun , Zhang Haochi , Zhao Zhao , Shi Yingli
Published: November 2022

As a representative of flexible electronics, epidermal electronic devices (EEDs) are extremely suitable for integration with biological tissues, such as human epidermis benefiting from the advantages of ultrathin, stretchability, and perfectly conformal attachment. Considering the low thermal conductivity of the EEDs polymer material, a large amount of undesired heat accumulation is prone to occur at the EEDs/skin interface, which brings challenges to the thermal management of the EEDs/skin system. The sharp temperature increment caused by ungratified heat dissipation will lead to thermal comfort issues, such as damage to biological tissues and also device failure, which will limit the application and promotion of EEDs to a large extent. A growing quantity of interesting and fruitful literature are addressing this conundrum. In this review, we comb and review the research of EEDs active thermal management, which mainly summarizes the strategies of heat flow regulation, phase change energy storage, and heating mode design. This review aims to provide the overall advances and reference source for future innovative research directions.
Spatially structured brown-headed cowbird control measures and their effects on Kirtland’s warbler long-term population sustainability
Authors: Margenau Eric L. , Cooper Nathan W. , Brown Donald J. , Donner Deahn M. , Marra Peter P. , Ryan Pat
Published: November 2022

Context Brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater), through brood parasitism, can exert extrinsic population growth pressures on North American songbirds. Cowbird removal programs may reduce parasitism rates on host species but can be expensive and difficult to implement throughout a host species’ breeding range. Aim We estimated cowbird abundance and nest parasitism rates within Kirtland’s warbler (Setophaga kirtlandii) primary breeding range in Michigan, USA, and determined the maximum sustainable parasitism rate for Kirtland’s warblers under several spatially structured cowbird removal designs. Methods We conducted point counts to estimate cowbird abundance and monitored nests to quantify nest parasitism rates during 2019–2021. We used the modelling software STELLA to determine the maximum sustainable parasitism rate for Kirtland’s warblers under different spatially structured cowbird removal scenarios (complete, core-only, and no removal). Key results Cowbird abundance and parasitism rates remained low following cowbird trap closures in 2018. In the simulation study, complete removal was the most robust scenario with no replications having <1000 Kirtland’s warbler males. The core-only removal scenario had a substantially higher sustainable parasitism rate in the peripheral breeding area than the no removal scenario. Assumed hatch-year dispersal distance had the greatest impact on the maximum sustainable parasitism rate in the core-only scenario. Conclusions Low cowbird abundance and nest parasitism following suspension of cowbird removal efforts showed resuming the removal program may not be required in the short-term. If cowbird abundance increases, however, adaptive cowbird removal programs can be used to sustain Kirtland’s warbler populations long-term. Implications Our results indicate that incorporating spatial structure of host species’ habitat into designing cowbird removal programs may minimise costs of cowbird management while sustaining populations of Kirtland’s warbler and possibly other host species that are affected by brood parasitism.
Interpreting idioms in a second language
Authors: van Dijk Demi , Vogels Jorrig , de Vries Mark
Published: November 2022

How do people understand figurative speech in a foreign language? What strategies do they use? By means of an
online questionnaire, this study investigated to what extent contextual information and transfer play a role in the interpretation
of idioms in a second language, controlling for familiarity. Sixty-one native speakers of Dutch were asked to guess the correct
interpretation of English idioms with and without a Dutch equivalent, presented with and without context, out of four answer
options. The results showed that correctly interpreting an idiom depends on both the presence of context and the possibility of
transfer. More correct interpretations were given when an idiom was presented in a context, but only for English idioms without an
equivalent in the native language. English idioms with an equivalent in Dutch, often rated as familiar, were mostly understood
correctly. We interpret this result as the involvement of transfer from the native language.
The use of the Dutch discourse particle eigenlijk by native and non-native speakers
Authors: van Rossem Naomi , Hogeweg Lotte , de Hoop Helen , Hubers Ferdy
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we investigate whether non-native speakers of Dutch use the interpersonal discourse particle
eigenlijk differently than native speakers of Dutch. Particles such as eigenlijk are considered to be very difficult to learn for
non-native speakers. Eigenlijk might be even more difficult to learn than other particles, because of its complex effect on the
discourse. We tested whether non-native speakers of Dutch used eigenlijk differently than native speakers of Dutch by means of an
online cloze test in which native speakers (control group, N = 109) and non-native speakers
(N = 73) had to choose between eigenlijk and an adverb in a variety of contexts. Results indicated that
non-native speakers used eigenlijk differently than native speakers, but non-native speakers did somewhat understand that
eigenlijk marks a contrast with a contextually raised expectation. Moreover, more proficient native speakers were more similar to
native speakers in their use of eigenlijk than less proficient native speakers.
Multimodality as civic participation
Authors: de Groot Freek Olaf , Jocuns Andrew
Published: November 2022

In October 2018, a collaboration between young rap artists in Thailand’s Indy rap scene, Rap Against Dictatorship (RAD), launched a video criticizing the ruling Junta that went viral within days of publication. The Junta soon after released its own video as a response to RAD. The production and publication of both videos are what Scollon (2001) calls social actions mediated by a distinct cultural toolkit. This study analyzed how modes such as music, text, color, camera angle, gestures, voice, image and iconicity emerged in both videos to realize scalar differences in civic participation. The Junta’s video represents a high sociolinguistic scale, whereas RAD realizes a lower scale. In a time of political unrest in Thailand, sociolinguistic scale and the semiotic resources that people employ to realize scales are a lens to analyze how different stakeholders address various perspectives of the political situation and appeal to different levels of civic participation.
Visions of the good future
Authors: Friberg Anna
Published: November 2022

The relationship between time and politics is complex and multilayered, especially in issues such as global
warming. This facilitates political playing with and about time; political actors use and frame time in various ways. Drawing upon
the work of Reinhart Koselleck, this article examines temporal statements about the environment and the climate in Swedish
election campaigns 1988 to 2018 and shows how political rhetoric has been constituted by several competing modalities of time.
However, these modalities can become problematic for political thinking about the future. To resolve the climate crisis, we need a
politics that acknowledges both historical and political contingency. Engaging with the past, without seeking to extrapolate a
unified narrative of historical progress, explores the past from various perspectives and shows how the present is contingent.
This could enable a renegotiation of possible futures and a politics for the future that facilitates both understanding and
action.
Is it Possible to Use the HCR-20 V2 to Assess the Risk of Violent Recidivism of French Offenders?
Authors: Bertsch Ingrid , Courtois Robert , Gallard Elodie , Réveillère Christian , Pham Thierry H.
Published: November 2022

The Historical-Clinical-Risk Management Scale 20 (HCR-20) is a structured tool to assess the risk of violence and assist in its management. French professionals are reluctant to use it because only a few studies have shown its psychometric qualities with French samples. The objective of this study is to test the psychometric qualities of the HCR-20 with samples of violent detainees in France. The HCR-20 and Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (LS/CMI) were administered to 128 violent offenders with an average age of (44.16±12.30) years. We evaluated the reliability, internal consistency and validity of the HCR-20 and conducted an exploratory factor analysis. The results show that the HCR-20 has good psychometric qualities with a sample of French prisoners. Only the Risk domain presents weak results due to the data collection locations and the participants’ age. Correlations were observed between certain factors. The exploratory factor analysis shows four factors explaining 44% of the variance. The continuation of this work will enable French professionals to use sound tools to assess the risk of recidivism.
Recovering the fragmentation rate in the growth-fragmentation equation
Authors: Almeida Gomez Alvaro , Zubelli Jorge P
Published: November 2022

We consider the inverse problem of determining the fragmentation rate from noisy measurements in the growth-fragmentation equation. We use Fourier transform theory on locally compact groups to treat this problem for general fragmentation probabilities. We develop a regularization method based on spectral filtering, which allows us to deal with the inverse problem in weighted

L

2

spaces. As a result, we obtain a regularization method with error of order

O
(

ε

2
m

2
m
+
1

)

, where ɛ is the noise level and m > 0 is the a priori regularity order of the fragmentation rate.
A test of spatial coincidence between CHIME FRBs and IceCube TeV energy neutrinos
Authors: Desai Shantanu
Published: November 2022

We search for a spatial association between the Canadian Hydrogen Mapping Intensity Experiment (CHIME) FRBs and IceCube neutrinos detected in the TeV energy range, by counting the total number of neutrino-FRB pairs with angular separations of <3 degrees, as well as within the observed neutrino error circle. This number constitutes the total signal events, which is then compared to the total background, corresponding to the null hypothesis of no spatial association. The background was obtained from the total neutrino-FRB matches in off-source angular windows with the same solid angle as the signal window. We do not find any statistically significant excess compared to the background. Therefore, we conclude that there is no evidence for an angular correlation between the IceCube neutrinos in the TeV energy range and CHIME FRBs. For each of these searches, we report 90% Bayesian credible interval upper limits on the observed FRB-induced neutrinos.
Multi-aperture optical flow estimation for artificial compound eye using non-subsampled contourlet transform and guided filter
Authors: Zhao Xin , Wang Chenguang , Liu Wancheng , Zhao Donghua , Cao Huiliang , Tang Jun , Shen Chong , Liu Jun
Published: November 2022

A multi-scale optical flow estimation for the image captured by artificial compound eye (ACE) is investigated in this article. The optical flow estimation of ACE must be adapted by designing algorithms according to its unique multi-aperture characteristics. A more general filter for the regularization term, rather than a single iterative solution in the traditional variational model, is devised using the non-subsampled contourlet transform to enforce band decomposition and estimate the optical flow field. To circumvent the spillover and error of the single-aperture fringe flow field, a flow gradient weight is introduced to suppress it and enhance motion details. Furthermore, low-pass subbands adopt the Bayes threshold with the advantage of efficiently eliminating outliers. More high-pass subbands adopt guided filter with the benefit of separating important details from outliers. The prominent feature of the proposed method is that the accuracy of optical flow estimation is improved effectively by eliminating outliers. Finally, experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the examined optical flow estimation.
Phase-field modeling of nanostructural evolution in physical vapor deposited phase-separating ternary alloy films
Authors: Raghavan Rahul , Wu Peichen , Ankit Kumar
Published: November 2022

Self-assembly by spinodal decomposition is known to be a viable route for synthesizing nanoscaled interfaces in a variety of materials, including metamaterials. In order to tune the response of these specialized materials to external stimuli, knowledge of processing-nanostructure correlations is required. Such an understanding is more challenging to obtain purely by experimental means due to complexity of multicomponent atomic diffusion mechanisms that govern the nanostructural self-assembly. In this work, we introduce a phase-field modeling approach which is capable of simulating the nanostructural evolution in ternary alloy films that are typically synthesized using physical vapor deposition. Based on an extensive parametric study, we analyze the role of the deposition rate and alloy composition on the nanostructural self-assembly in ternary alloy films. The simulated nanostructures are categorized on the basis of nanostructured morphology and mapped over a compositional space to correlate the processing conditions with the film nanostructures. The morphology maps reveal that while deposition rate governs the nanostructural evolution at around equi-molar compositions, the impact of composition on nanostructuring is more pronounced when the atomic ratios of alloying elements are skewed.
Analytic approach to the formation of a three-dimensional black string from a dust cloud
Authors: Eom Hwajin , Kim Wontae
Published: November 2022

In three-dimensional low-energy string theory,
we study the formation of a black string from a dust cloud.
We analytically obtain two distinct classes of exact solutions with arbitrary functions
responsible for mass distributions of
the dust cloud. The first and second kinds of solutions may describe collapsing dusts but
the first kind is only for inhomogeneous dust distribution while the second kind has a homogeneous limit.
The finite collapse time and the Israel junction conditions tell us that
the first kind solution describes
a desired collapsing phenomenon, whereas
the scale factor in the inner spacetime for the second kind
turns out to be trivial.
In the first kind solution, specific collapsing models can be realized by choosing an
appropriate inhomogeneous
dust distribution consistent with the Israel junction conditions.
Consequently, the inhomogeneous dust cloud eventually collapses to the
black string although the homogeneous dust cloud
does not guarantee the formation of the black string in our setting.
The space-like curvature singularities occur at the finite collapse time and
they can be cloaked by the horizon of the black string.
Convection in future winter storms over Northern Europe
Authors: Berthou Ségolène , J Roberts Malcolm , Vannière Benoît , Ban Nikolina , Belušić Danijel , Caillaud Cécile , Crocker Thomas , de Vries Hylke , Dobler Andreas , Harris Dan , J Kendon Elizabeth , Landgren Oskar , Manning Colin
Published: November 2022

Precipitation within extratropical cyclones is very likely to increase towards the end of the century in a business-as-usual scenario. We investigate hourly precipitation changes in end-of-century winter storms with the first km-scale model ensemble covering northwest Europe and the Baltic region. This is an ensemble that explicitly represents convection (convection permitting models (CPMs)). Models agree that future winter storms will bring 10%–50% more precipitation, with the same level of light precipitation but more moderate and heavy precipitation, together with less frequent frozen precipitation. The warm sector precipitation rates will get closer (up to similar) to those in present-day autumn storms, along with higher convective available potential energy and convective inhibition, suggesting more convection embedded in storms. To the first order, mean hourly precipitation changes in winter storms are driven by temperature increase (with little relative humidity changes) and storm dynamical intensity (more uncertain), both captured by regional climate models (RCMs). The CPMs agree with this, and in addition, most CPMs show more increase in intense precipitation in the warm sector of storms compared to their parent RCM.
Sorption studies of Pb(II) onto montmorillonite clay
Authors: Chuang Yuting , Chen Jiajun , Lu Jianzun , Su Lingcheng , Jiang Sabrina Yanan , Zhao Yijia , Lee Chiu Hong , Wu Zhihui , Ruan Huada Daniel
Published: November 2022

In this research, the lead (Pb(II)) removal rate of montmorillonite (Mt) was studied in aqueous solution. The adsorption conditions (contact time, pH, and temperature) were adjusted to study the effect of those factors on the removal rate of Pb(II) adsorption by Mt. The results indicated that the effect of temperature on the Pb(II) removal rate of Mt was not significant. The Pb(II) removal rate was found to be pH-dependent, improving with increasing pH in the range of 3 to 7. The equilibrium time of adsorption was attained after around 1 hour. The adsorption kinetics were analyzed by fitting to three models (pseudo-first-order (PFO) kinetic model, pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model and intraparticle diffusion model. In comparison, R2 value (0.9952) of PSO kinetic model is better than PFO (0.9718), supposing that the adsorption process of Pb(II) onto Mt was chemisorption. The intraparticle diffusion model fitting showed that the Pb(II) adsorption process by Mt was controlled by three steps. Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson and Sips isotherm models were used to describe the adsorption mechanism of Pb(II) adsorbed onto Mt. The experiment results showed the adsorption isotherms are a perfect fit to the Sips model, indicating both homogeneous monolayer adsorption and heterogeneous multilayer adsorption were occurred in the Pb(II) adsorption process by Mt, and the adsorption was mainly controlled by heterogeneous multilayer adsorption.
Electrochemical determination of formamide for EVA splicing mats using activated CPE
Authors: Zhong Wenhan , Lin Lei , Yin Zhiyuan , Li Yan , Du Xiubing , Yang Yi
Published: November 2022

Electrochemical properties of formamide were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) on an activated carbon paste electrode (CPE). A distinct oxidation peak was at 0.51 V in light of the electrochemical behaviour of formamide-KCl. This indicates an improved current response towards the electrooxidation of formamide due to the high charge-transfer ability of carbon paste. The LSV presented a linear dependence on the concentration of formamide-KCl in the range of 5–110 μM whose limit of detection was 0.16 μM. In addition, this dependable method can be explicitly designed to fit with formamide detection in EVA splicing mats.
Apoptosis of NG108-15 cells induced by fluorine combined with aluminum exposure and the effect of curcumin intervention
Authors: Yang Xuemei , Wang Xingang , Zhang Dandan , Zhang Yue , Tao Dan , Xie Chun
Published: November 2022

The mechanism by which the combination of fluorine and aluminum (FA) cause learning and memory impairment is still unclear. Curcumin is a yellow polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of the plant curcuma longa linn, which has anti-apoptotic and antioxidant functions; studies have shown that the PKC-NMDAR pathway plays an important role in the process of cell apoptosis. Based on the above, we designed an in vitro study on the role of curcumin in cell apoptosis caused by coexistence of FA. In this study, the cell viability of NG108-15 cell was detected by CCK-8; cell apoptosis was detected by AO/EB dual fluorescence staining kit; mRNA expressions of PKC and NMDAR were evaluated by qRT-PCR and protein expressions of caspase3, Bax, Bcl-2, PKC and NMDAR were evaluated by WB. Our results showed that curcumin alleviated FA-induced apoptosis of NG108-15 cells, possibly by inhibiting the increase of caspase3 protein and Bax protein, and the decrease of Bcl-2 protein, thereby upregulating the expression of PKC and NMDAR to exert neuroprotective effect.
Effects of organic matter on the distribution pattern of bacterial community in Zaohe River
Authors: Wang Zhihan , Wang Yuanjie , Han Ke , Liu Yuan , Zuo Mingbo , Li Guangwen , Zhang Hao , Zhao Youyi , Tai Xisheng , Gao Tianpeng
Published: November 2022

This study revealed the bacterial community structure and the effects of carbon and nitrogen on the distribution pattern of bacterial community in the sediments of the Chang’an section of the Zao River in Xi’an. And we expect to provide a theoretical basis for the biological monitoring and bioremediation of the Zao River by this study. Therefore, based on 16SrRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, we analyzed the characteristics of carbon, nitrogen and bacterial community structure in Chang’an section of Zaohe River. The results showed that in the Chang’an section of Zaohe River Basin, Proteus and firmicum were tolerant bacteria, and the dominant bacteria were Proteus (24%∼45%). At the gate level, the difference of bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with pH, TN, NO2
− and TOC.
Nitrogen and phosphorus load estimation of inflow rivers to Yuqiao Reservoir based on GWLF model
Authors: Li Zeli , Gao Kai , Gu Xiaochao , Mei Pengyu , Zhang Zhen , Wang Yuqiu
Published: November 2022

Watershed model technology was an important tool for non-point source pollution prevention and control. In order to figure out the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) load of inflow rivers to Yuqiao Reservoir in 2021, GWLF model was used to simulate the hydrologic process in its sub-basin. Firstly, the hydrological parameters of the model were determined by the measured meteorological and hydrological data. Secondly, the hydrological parameters were extended to the whole basin, and the three main river inflows to Yuqiao Reservoir were simulated in 2021. Lastly, the nutrient loads were estimated by multiplying the simulated inflow as mentioned above by the observed TN and TP concentration data at the same site. The results showed that the TN and TP load of inflow rivers was 7 106.9 t and 80.0 t, respectively, of which the flood period from July to August contributed 55.3% and 69.3%, respectively. GWLF model was effective in simulating hydrological processes in the study area. The Nash efficiency coefficients of the calibration and the validation period were 0.89 and 0.91, respectively. GWLF model was suitable for hydrological simulation and estimation of non-point source pollution load in small and medium-sized basins.
On the Legal Mechanism of Nuclear Safety in China under the Background of Environmental Protection
Authors: Liu Jiu , Shen Le
Published: November 2022

Background: Peaceful use of nuclear energy is of great significance for ensuring energy security, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and achieving sustainable development environmental-friendly. Nuclear safety is the premise and foundation for the development of civil nuclear power industry. As a country with the largest scale of nuclear power plants under construction, preventing accidents properly is the best way to ensure nuclear safety. However, under the background of environmental protection nowadays, China has only officially implemented two laws related to nuclear safety - the Law on Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution and Nuclear Safety Law. It cannot fully meet the needs of nuclear safety supervision in China.

Methods: To highlight the problems in the current legal system pertaining to nuclear safety, a legislation study is used to analyze the current content of related legislation and regulations. Comparative methodology is also adopted in this paper to analyze the legislative and administrative experience of other countries with or without nuclear power industry and summarize the problems in the current legal system in China.

Result: Currently, the development of nuclear safety law system reflects the historical process of the development and application of nuclear technology in China. China’s nuclear safety-related legislation closely fits the strategy of China’s nuclear technology development and application under the background of environmental protection. Even though, there are still deficiencies about China’s nuclear safety legal system now, for example: the atomic energy law is still absent in China, so pertaining measures must be taken to develop and improve the nuclear safety legal system in China as for not only promoting the development of nuclear industry but also avoiding radioactive pollution incidents and protecting environment. Moreover, there is a conflict between the concept of “nuclear safety” in the Nuclear Safety Law and its content.
An investigation of past and present stormwater management practices within the City of Johannesburg
Authors: Qumba B. , Nkhonjera G.K. , Alowo R.
Published: November 2022

The City of Johannesburg (CoJ) has implemented a new stormwater design manual which aims at treating stormwater as a resource and to render urban spaces usable for urban environment through design networks that convey stormwater safely to the environment. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), SWATCup, and Rational Method, were used to investigate and assess the past (1886 to 1900) and present (1990 to 2016) stormwater management practices within the City of Johannesburg. The current stormwater management infrastructures were investigated as green and grey, with a focus on the benefits of green infrastructure. The study showed a lower simulated quantity of runoff in the pre-development era and higher simulated quantity of runoff in the post-development era, with varying land use land cover percentages. The post-development time shows that 35% of land use land cover is used for settlements and 65% is for open fields and other uses. However, in the pre-development time, only 10% of this land was used for urban settlement while 90% was dedicated to farmland. Pre-development condition also showed an annual precipitation of 757 mm of which 28% ended up as surface runoff while 45% was lost due to evaporation and transpiration. On the other hand, the post-development time showed 772 mm of annual precipitation with 29% of this precipitation resulting in surface runoff and 50% lost due to evaporation and transpiration. This study also confirms that indeed the LULC changes over the years have affected the quantity of runoff in CoJ. This paper is essential in assisting CoJ in determining the practicality of utilising the new stormwater design manual.
Towards mesoscale ensemble prediction for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: Hon Kai-kwong
Published: November 2022

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is amongst the most economically vibrant regions in China. Situated along the southern coast of China, the GBA region is susceptible to a variety of synoptic and mesoscale weather systems originating from the mid-latitudes or the tropical oceans, which are capable of bringing significant impact to the livelihood and economic activities of this densely populated area. This paper presents a first study on the development of mesoscale ensemble prediction capabilities aimed at providing probabilistic forecast support of high-impact weather over the GBA.