bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AGRO-ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN.
Authors: Занилов Амиран , Zanilov Amiran , Адаев Ахмед , Adaev Ahmed , Мууев Амир , Muuev Amir
Published: January 2019

Producers of agricultural plant products are increasingly reporting a decrease in the responsiveness of cultivated plants to the mineral fertilizers applied to the soil. The explanation of this phenomenon can be the shift of limiting factors that determine the yield from the mineral components in the soil to substances of organic and biological origin. In the present work, comparative data are presented on the influence of mineral and organic fertilizer systems on the main biological indicators of the soil - nitrogen transforming groups of microorganisms, total microbial number (TMM), soil respiration. The change in total and mineral nitrogen in the soil is assessed. The novelty of the study is that organic fertilizers are used in amounts comparable to the doses of mineral fertilizers in physical weight - 200 kg per hectare. The application is carried out locally simultaneously with the seeding. As a result of the analysis, it was found that in soil with organic fertilizers under all crops (corn, sunflower, soybeans, sugar beets), ammonificators (20.0-45%) numerically dominate, nitrifiers (30.0-46.7% ), the total microbial number is higher by 24.6-48.3%. The intensity of carbon dioxide emissions (soil respiration) is also higher by 19.0-45.6%. The intensity of biogeochemical processes in the soil and the associated transformations of mineral nutrients, respectively, and the provision of plants with them closely correlates with the number of agronomically valuable groups of microorganisms. The correlation coefficient between the number of ammonifiers and nitrifiers with the total nitrogen content in the soil under all the studied crops on an organic fertilizer system is r = 0.93.
PROTECTIVE FOREST STRIPS ALONG AUTOMOTIVE ROADS
Authors: Кулакова Екатерина , Kulakova Ekaterina , Штепа Алексей , Shtepa Aleksey , Чернодубов Алексей , Chernodubov Aleksey
Published: January 2019

Despite the economic transformation in Russia, and the decline in the development of certain industries, the stability of the existence and development of social and economic relations depends on the freight and passenger turnover of the country. Shipping and passengers on public roads tends to increase, which leads to an increase in the proportion of all types of road transport on the road network. Transport, in addition to the positive aspects for the social and economic sphere, also has negative sides, in the form of a large number of traffic accidents, congestion situations and environmental pollution. At the present stage of the study of these negative aspects, ecology plays a special, important role, protecting the environment from the negative impact of transport. There is a need to protect the roadside area, which is able to provide cut-off of emissions of polluted substances into the air and a kind of noise and vibration protection near the road. This problem can be solved by creating protective plantings, since green plantings are the best are the best natural (inartificial) means of protection against air pollution, snow and sand drifts, noise and vibration, they provide architectural and artistic design along the roads. And, in addition to performing their main function - protection, they are of great practical importance along the regional and federal highways, since they have a beneficial effect on the growth conditions of agricultural crops, blocking the way for hot dry winds.
CONNECTION OF FRUITS OF CHAENOMELES JAPONICA IN CONDITIONS WITH SOUTH FOREST-STEPPE OF THE ZONE OF OMSK REGION AND INFLUENT FACTORS
Authors: Кумпан Владимир , Kumpan Vladimir , Сухоцкая Светлана , Suhockaya Svetlana
Published: January 2019

When introduced into the culture of new breeds, to which the Chaenomeles japonica belongs, the study of their ability to set fruit in this zone is of particular importance. The purpose of the research is to determine the fruit set in the Chaenomeles japonica during natural pollination in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk Region and to identify the factors influencing the process. The objects of the research were the forms of the Chaenomeles japonica 1-2, 1-3, 3-4, 4-24, selected among seedlings in the garden of Omsk State Agrarian University. As a result of research, the variation in the viability of pollen over the years for the same form was determined from 34.7 to 93.4%. A strong direct correlation dependence of pollen viability on the sum of effective temperatures and relative air humidity (r = + 0.99 and + 0.86) has been established. An ambiguous effect was revealed on the subsidence of flowers and ovaries in different forms of henomeles, both external factors (precipitation, average daily air temperature, the sum of effective temperatures during the flowering period) and biological properties (pollen viability, degree of flowering, length of shoots) and their combinations in different years. Depending on the biological properties of plants, the complex of external factors and their combinations in different years, the fruit set in the Chaenomeles japonica varies in the conditions of this zone within 20.0-85.7%.
OPTIMAL METHODS OF FORAGE CROPS OF CROPS ON THE CALCULATED BACKGROUND OF MINERAL NUTRITION IN THE SOIL-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA
Authors: Сафин Радик , Safin Radik , Амиров Марат , Amirov Marat , Сулейманов Салават , Suleymanov Salavat , Гилязов Миннегали , Gilyazov Minnegali
Published: January 2019

A powerful factor in increasing the yield of feed mixtures is the use of mineral fertilizers. On average, over 4 years of research, the yield of green mass increases from 13.8 tons per hectare at the control (without fertilizers) to 27.4 tons per hectare (almost 2 times). However, the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers depends on how the sunflower and annual herbs are placed in space. Thus, on all backgrounds of mineral nutrition, the highest yield of green mass was obtained by sowing sunflower and annual herbs in separate strips with strip widths of 180 cm: N85P38K46 - 28.2 tons per hectare; N99P44K54 - 32.9 tons per hectare; N113P51K61 - 34.2 tons per hectare. In the same conditions, both narrowing the bands to 90 cm and expanding to 360 cm reduce the yield of the object of study. Mineral fertilizers also have a great influence on the gross yield of raw fat (an increase of 2.8 times), feed units - from 2,562 to 3,904, crude protein - 1.9 times, exchange energy - 2.4 times. As a result, the payback of each ruble of the cost of mineral fertilizers provides for the production of 1.5 rubles, and the bioenergy coefficient increases to 4.4, versus 2.2 for mixed sowing of sunflower and annual herbs.
INFLUENCE OF AGRO-TECHNICS METHODS ON THE CROP AND QUALITY OF GRAIN OF PELABA WHEAT (EMMER) UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE KAMA REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Шайхутдинов Фарит , Shaykhutdinov Farit , Сержанов Игорь , Serzhanov Igor , Ибятов Равиль , Ibyatov Ravil , Зиннатуллин Дамир , Zinnatullin Damir , Гараев Разиль , Garaev Razil , Аксакова Венера , Aksakova Venera , Валиев Абдулсамад , Valiev Abdulsamad
Published: January 2019

This article presents the results of three summer (2016-2018) studies to determine the response of individual agrotechnological methods to the harvest and grain quality of spelled wheat in a gray forest soil of Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan. In 2016-2018 field studies were conducted on the experimental field of the agronomic faculty of Kazan State Agrarian University. The soil is gray forest medium loamy with the following indicators: humus content (according to Tyurin) - 2.9-3.2%, the amount of absorbed bases - 27 mg.eq. per 100 g of soil, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen - 79.0 - 110 (according to Corinfield) , mobile phosphorus - 105-184, exchangeable potassium (according to Kirsanov) - 79-149 mg. per 1000 g of soil, Ph-salt - 5.6-5.7. The object of research is emmer (polba) of the variety Srednevolzhskaya. Conducted observations, counts and analyzes during the growing season 2016, 2017 and 2018, it is showed that food backgrounds and predecessors had no effect on the timing of emergence of shoots. The duration of the emergence of wheat shoots of the dwarf (spelled) was determined by the conditions of thermal and water regimes of air and soil. With more optimal and stable thermal conditions with sufficient moisture supply during the years of research, seedlings appeared in 13-15 days on both food backgrounds and all predecessors, in the second period - 12 days and the latest date - 10-11 days. On the basis of the research conducted, it was established that the best one as a predecessor for all sowing dates and nutritional backgrounds for wheat spelled is a one-year clover and a vico-oat mixture for green fodder.
RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS OF NEW HYBRIDES OF CORN IN EXTREME CONDITIONS OF 2017
Authors: Шайтанов Олег , Shaytanov Oleg , Тагиров Марсель , Tagirov Marsel , Каримов Ханиф , Karimov Khanif
Published: January 2019

Evaluation of new breeding samples of early ripening corn hybrids of All-Russian Research Institute was carried out on typical for the Republic of Tatarstan gray forest loamy soils. Unusual climatic conditions for the XXI century of the growing season of 2017 allowed us to make the most rigorous selection among the studied hybrids. At the time of harvesting a sample was detected with grain moisture 33.0 (control 34.6%), starch content in grain 58.8% (control 49.2%), grain productivity in terms of moisture 14.0% - 5.17 tons per hectare (control 4.73 tons per hectare). Also, two samples with grain moisture content of 38.4-38.7% were selected, which surpassed the control by 33.8-39.1%, with an equal starch content. The results of phenological observations of the growth and development of early maturing corn hybrids over 12 years were analyzed. A close negative correlation (r = -0.933) was established between the average daily air temperature and the duration of sprouting of the early ripe maize hybrids. A regression equation was derived, according to which a decrease in average daily air temperature by 1°C increases the duration of emergence of seedlings of early ripe maize hybrids in Tatarstan by 1 day.
Territorial autonomies in foreign unitary and regionalist States of Europe and Asia (constitutional and legal research)
Authors: Ирхин Игорь , Irkhin Igor
Published: January 2019

This monograph is one of the first works in the domestic jurisprudence, which comprehensively investigated the constitutional and legal status of territorial autonomies of foreign unitary and regionalist States of Europe and Asia.
Special attention is paid to the regionalist States (on the materials of Spain and Italy). The Institute of functional autonomies is analyzed on the example of mount Athos and Western Thrace.
Indian reservations (settlements) in the USA and Canada, unincorporated territories of the USA, overseas territories of France and great Britain, Corsica are also studied in the context of the Institute of territorial autonomy.
Territories with special status within Federal States (constitutional and legal research)
Authors: Ирхин Игорь , Irkhin Igor
Published: January 2019

This monograph comprehensively examines the constitutional and legal status of territories with a special status within the Federal States in the context of the Institute of territorial autonomy.
The study is based on the experience of constitutional and legal regulation of the status of Autonomous districts in the "composite subjects" of the Russian Federation, administrative-territorial units with a special status in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, Autonomous districts in India, Nunavut territory in Canada, unincorporated territories of the United States
This monograph is one of the first works in the domestic jurisprudence, in which the study was conducted from the perspective of territorial autonomy.
The publication is intended for researchers, postgraduates and students, all readers interested in constitutional (public) law, theory of state and law.
On the Relationship Between Quantity Precommitment and Cournot Games
Authors: Farahat Amr , Huh Woonghee Tim , Li Hongmin
Published: January 2019

Supply-then-price competition is common in settings in which capacity commitments precede pricing decisions. We provide a characterization of when and why equilibria of such games clear the market at the Cournot outcomes. The paper extends the seminal work of Kreps and Scheinkman (1983) to differentiated product settings with an arbitrary number of firms and general demand and spill functions. We identify two new fundamental properties that drive the result: independence from irrelevant supply and spill inertia. These properties are satisfied by common demand and spill models. Our result provides a shortcut approach to analyzing supply-then-price games and highlights the importance of demand specification, compared with spill specification, in determining the outcome of such games.
Control of Energy Storage with Market Impact: Lagrangian Approach and Horizons
Authors: Cruise James , Flatley Lisa , Gibbens Richard , Zachary Stan
Published: January 2019

Electricity storage is likely to play a significant role in balancing future energy systems. Often, much of the value of large-scale storage (e.g., pumped storage and hydro) may be captured in price arbitrage. In “Control of Energy Storage with Market Impact: Lagrangian Approach and Horizons,” J. Cruise, L. Flatley, R. Gibbens, and S. Zachary study the optimal control of storage that is sufficiently large as to impact on the market in which it operates and that seeks to maximize the profit that can be made by buying and selling over time. They develop the associated strong Lagrangian theory, which is of economic significance when storage is embedded in wider systems, and provide forecast and decision horizons for the optimal control, together with an algorithm suitable for control over an indefinite time period.
The Inclusion of Social Issues in the Curricula Adopted at the Elementary Education Level in Turkey
Authors: Ozen Fatmanur , Topal Temel
Published: January 2019

In Turkey, as in all countries of the world, education is regarded as the sole means of modernization, progress, civilization, productivity, and sustainability of all these things. The aim of the Turkish education system is to raise students with the national, moral and cultural values of the Turkish nation, to educate them as citizens of a social law state, and solve the existing or potential problems that may arise in the future. The most important document that shows how this aim will be achieved in the country is the curriculum. The purpose of this study is to reveal the frequency of the social issues included in the current curriculum at the elementary education level. Within the scope of the study, social issues presented by sociologists were established through e-Delphi panels, coded under seven titles by researchers, those who were thought to bring solutions to these problems were counted by descriptive analysis method in the specific aims, themes and achievements of the curriculum used at elementary level. Results show that curriculum adopted at the elementary education level include mostly issues related to individual life and individualization, socialization, democratic life and democratization while economic issues, and issues related to family, environment and urbanization are emphasized less. These findings are discussed with other research results.
Comparative study on board structure and performance between domestic and foreign banks in Malaysia
Authors: Ibrahim Haslindar , Xiang Ng Yi , Nik Azman Nik Hadiyan , Zulkafli Abdul Hadi
Published: January 2019

This study examines the performance of domestic and foreign banks with regards to the relationship between the board structure and their financial performance in Malaysia. The sample consists of 8 domestic banks and 16 foreign banks in Malaysia from 2012 to 2016.The board structures are board size (BS) and proportion of independent director (ID) as an independent variables and firm size as the control variable. Meanwhile, the performance is measured by four ratios, liquidity (current ratio), profitability (return on assets), risk and solvency (loan to deposit ratio) and efficiency performance (asset utilization ratio). The findings reveal that the board size is proved to be significant relationship with return on assets (ROA) as well as loan to deposit ratio (LDR) for both domestic and foreign banks but insignificant with the other ratios of both the domestic and foreign banks. Apart from that, independent director proportion showed an insignificant influence on financial performance with four financial ratios for both domestic and foreign banks. This study suggests that both domestic and foreign banks do have difference in terms of financial performance, domestic banks perform better than foreign banks in terms of generating good return on assets and loan to deposits ratio however foreign banks perform far better in terms of level of liquidity of the banks as compared to domestic banks.
Key marketing tools formation and application in business management
Authors: Orlova Kateryna
Published: January 2019

The key marketing tools in business management have been identified. It has been proven that marketing plays an extremely important role in providing the effectiveness of enterprises’ functioning. Marketing has been considered as an activity which is aimed at identification and satisfaction of consumers’ needs. It has been stated that the rational use and combination of marketing tools form an important prerequisite for the sustainable and effective functioning of business subject. The key marketing tools have been defined and grouped according to their spheres of use. Three main groups of marketing tools have been proposed: market and environment of functioning analysis tools; tools for formation of activity strategy; formation of a communication policy tools. The brief description of the main marketing tools has been provided. The importance of the rational and efficient use and combination of marketing tools has been proven.
Characterizing the school-to-work transitions of young men and women in Tunisia
Authors: Kriaa Farouk , Bouhari Mohamed
Published: January 2019

This paper investigates the characteristics and determinants of the transition of young men and women from education (dropping out) to work in Tunisia, using data from the Panel Study of Tunisia Labor Market 2014 (TLMPS 2014). One of the main findings is that 17 per cent of the 15 to 35 years old population remains in transition. One - third had completed the transition. The remaining (55 per cent) had not started transition. The transited category is strongly male-dominated while young females face a particularly difficult time. Youths who were still in transition were largely unemployed. Econometric method (Kaplan-Meier or product limit estimator) is used to analyze the determinants of unemployment duration. Results point to differences between men and women in the difficulty of getting a decent job. They confirm that individual characteristics (gender, area of residence and level of education…) influence the length of transition from school to the labor market. Indeed, we found the following. First, for most youth, the school-to-work transition is not long to a first job, but it takes on average more five years to complete the transition to a stable or satisfactory job. One third of young males and females found a first job through contact with employers. Second, transition period decreases substantially as education level increases. Third, the rural – urban gap continues to be significant. Fourth, the probability of longer unemployment is found to be considerably higher among women and lower education. The study offers some recommendations in terms of economic policy on the insertion of young people.
Institutional forms of industrial safety of the state
Authors: Klimuk Vladimir
Published: January 2019

In this article, the state of Russian industry for 2014-2017 is analyzed. The system of basic indicators for assessing the level of industrial security based on the structure of national institutions is proposed. The role of the institutional environment in ensuring the industrial security of the country is presented and the principles for building an effective institutional platform are defined. The structure of the institutional mechanism for the development of the industry is proposed on the basis of a system of form-building components: regulatory, financial, social, foreign economic. As the basic methods are used the method of comparative analysis, the method of factor analysis, econometric modeling, matrix modeling. For each component, a number of quantitative indicators have been identified for the evaluation and analysis of the level of industrial development. Quantitative assessment allows us to present the qualitative side of the process of institutionalization in the relevant branch – industry. The basic algorithm of calculation is a process of three stages: the calculation of specific (share) indicators, intensive (tempo) and integral. The integrated indicator serves as a general indicator of the level of effectiveness of the institutional system of industrial security of the country. Based on the analysis of the development of the industry, a mechanism is proposed for the institutional functioning of the country's industry.
Empirical testing of inventories applying on-board measurements of exhaust emissions at port and at sea
Authors: Jahangiri Sanaz , Nikolova Natalia , Tenekedjiev Kiril
Published: January 2019

We present a comprehensive case study to identify the best vessel-specific inventory family that predicts the primary emissions from an ocean-going vessel when at berth, while maneuvering and while cruising. The main purpose of the paper is to generalize the implication of the case study by advising a novel policy, which will allow different authorities to estimate the shipping emissions in a cost-effective and reliable way. The emissions rates of nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and particulate matter from the main engine and from the auxiliary engines are measured for different modes of ship operations in an on-board experiment campaign. The measured total emission amounts were predicted with 13 families of emission inventories and prediction deviations have been calculated. A procedure was advised for estimating the prediction inventory deviations of the combined hourly emission amounts from the main engine plus the auxiliary engines. Each inventory family has been formalized as a six-dimensional vector of prediction deviations for any mode of operation. The best vessel-specific inventory families were identified using the minimal mean absolute deviation criteria. A more rational procedure to rank inventories is considered, which treats the missing value problem and constructs a six-attribute value function. The use of preferential analysis and value functions further clarifies the recommended choice of inventory method. In this case study we demonstrated that the most suitable inventory families will provide reliable predictions with acceptable deviations from the measured emissions. At berth and for maneuvering, the best inventory family turned out to be MOPSEA (with 32.2% and 39.6% mean absolute deviations respectively). For cruising, the most precise inventory family is MEET (with 59.2% mean absolute deviation), whereas MOPSEA being the third best. However, some of the other inventories produce unacceptably high deviation, well above 100%. The practical implication is that while inventory methods can produce precise and cost-effective predictions, they should never be used without experimental verification. That is why, we provide an algorithm to use on-board experimental measurements to identify the best vessel-specific inventory family, which predicts the primary emission of a ship at a given mode of operation. The proposed algorithm and the implications of the case study are utilized to motivate a proposal for a novel future policy for a cost-effective and reliable emission estimation from shipping.
Critical factors for organisational effectiveness: The case of Saudi Arabian seaports
Authors: Alghaffari Shadi Najeeb , Nguyen Hong-Oanh , Chen Peggy Shu-Ling
Published: January 2019

Seaport management environment has continually changed over the last few decades due to increasing external pressure for seaports to be more competitive, active, dynamic and growing sustainably. These changes have created the need to manage organisational effectiveness in order to monitor port performance and achieve organisational objectives. While organisational effectiveness has been well known in organisational management and important in port management, its application to the seaport sector is limited. This paper presents exploratory research into critical factors of Saudi Arabian seaports’ organisational effectiveness. A Delphi method was applied. Data were collected from a two-round survey of the Saudi Arabian seaports, and interviews of 43 senior staff from Saudi Arabian seaports. A mixed method combining quantitative and qualitative analysis was conducted. A total of thirty-one (31) factors from six different dimensions, namely human resource management, customer service, finance, operation, marketing, research & development, were identified to be influential to OE. The gathered data are no doubt important to seaports because only limited research has been conducted on the application of the organisational effectiveness concept to the seaport sector. Findings of this research regarding selecting and evaluating the most influential factors of OE are relevant to decision makers in managing seaport organisations.
Intelligent cost optimized central warehouse and redistribution root plan with truck allocation system in Colombo region for Lion Brewery Ceylon PLC
Authors: Ganepola Dilan Dhanushka , Jayarathna Nuwan Dhammika , Madhushani Ganga
Published: January 2019

This research is a case study based on Lion Brewery Ceylon PLC, Biyagama, which is a famous beer company and the market leader in Sri Lanka. Researcher identifies that, currently Company outbound logistics is consisted with a decentralized distribution and a redistribution process for bottles and cans in Colombo region, and an extra cost is being spent for that unnecessarily. The main objective of this research is to build a cost minimized model for distributing Bottles and Cans for the region. For that, all demand regions in Colombo region was divided in to main 6 sub clusters. Then a centralized Warehouse and an optimal path which joins each sub cluster has been determined.  The gravity model (By using excel solver) was used to find a centralized warehouse that can easily be connected with each sub cluster. The optimal path was determined through Hamiltanian cycle by using the lingo software. Finally, the milk run was completed with determining a cost optimized truck allocation system through linear programming model. At the end result proved that, the proposed model saves the monthly cost of bottles distribution by 17.2% and monthly cost of cans distribution by 11.6%.
The Virtual Container Yard: A complimentary tool to optimize consolidation in shipping
Authors: Edirisinghe Lalith
Published: January 2019

Unlike in other ship types, the container ships cannot offer their services without containers and the shipping space become ineffective. Therefore, containers and slots are complimentary and indispensable service component in liner container shipping. The virtual container yard (VCY) is a modern concept and an effective CIM solution that underpins the collaboration between carriers. Carriers already have common platforms to interchange slots thus it is just one fine step away from implementing the similar strategy for containers. It is, through these findings, expected to change the carriers’ myopic view about the container interchange. The actual container statistics in Sri Lanka was extracted from the industry as the source of input for the study. The paper reveals that the VCY could reduce the inventory management cost by 19 percent. Carriers opted to interchange the container slots in cellular ships more than three decades ago. This paved the way for strong collaboration between carriers and provided many financial advantages. It helped in securing economic advantages through scale of economies in highly completive shipping industry. This paper provides empirical evidences of the financial savings of container interchange under different container sizes and types.
Investigating the next generation of managers – the ecomanagers
Authors: Dragomir Cristina , Lau Yui Yip
Published: January 2019

The next generation of managers emerges as a consequence of the environmental changes that affect the world economies. In this paper is presented the profile of the new type of manager adjusted to the current world trends: the ecomanager. While ecomanagement refers to strategies implemented to minimize or eliminate the adverse effects of human activities on the environment, ecomanagers are those develop and implement environmental policies in all the management activities and in the entire workflow of the organization. In this paper is presented an example of implementing ecomanagement in a Korean shipping company and there are presented specific ecomanagement strategies and actions regarding both onshore and offshore activities.
Il racconto della quotidianità nella genesi del tempo.
Authors: Pelillo-Hestermeyer Giulia
Published: January 2019

Nel diario al centro del saggio la registrazione del quotidiano si estende per un arco di tempo di trenta anni, dal 1959 al 1989. La scrittura registra in modo particolare la “normalità” della quotidianità, piuttosto che gli eventi eccezionali, introducendo il lettore in un lungo spaccato di vita dello scrivente. Nel descrivere ed analizzare questo testo il saggio parte dal dato linguistico, mostrando come il linguaggio, insieme ai contenuti espressi, si faccia testimone di un periodo storico e di un programma (oltre che di una storia) di vita allo stesso tempo. La tesi di fondo è che in un diario giornaliero la scrittura non sia soltanto uno strumento di registrazione, ma anche di ri-costruzione dell’esperienza.
Archivi orali, memoria, migrazione
Authors: Calamai Silvia , Biliotti Francesca
Published: January 2019

Il progetto Grammo-foni. Le soffitte della voce (Gra.fo, grafo.sns.it ; Scuola Normale Superiore & Università di Siena, Regione Toscana PAR-FAS 2007-13) ha scoperto, digitalizzato, catalogato e reso fruibili attraverso un portale online quasi 3000 ore di registrazioni orali provenienti da circa 30 archivi orali di area toscana raccolti da studiosi e appassionati di cultura e tradizioni popolari. Data la vastità e l’eterogeneità del materiale conservato (es. biografie, etnotesti, questionari linguistici, letteratura orale), Gra.fo costituisce un archivio preziosissimo della memoria toscana e restituisce una documentazione di prima mano delle varietà linguistiche toscane dai primi anni ‘60 in poi. L’articolo fa uso di questo materiale per un’analisi sociolinguistica incentrata sulla costruzione del racconto orale e su alcuni aspetti della morfologia verbale (l’uso del passato remoto e la variazione tra forme standard e dialettali di passato remoto e imperfetto). Lo studio di caso riguarda l’Archivio ‘Dina Dini’ (Pieve Santo Stefano, Arezzo), che contiene interviste su esperienze di emigrazione all’estero negli anni 1955-1987.
Tra pubblico e privato.
Authors: Rainone Alfonso
Published: January 2019

Il contributo utilizza scritture di repertorio, carte d’archivio, ovvero testimonianze, racconti e scritti ufficiali in parte sconosciuti o dimenticati, oscillanti tra l’annotazione e il racconto, tra il pubblico e il privato, tra il detto e il non-detto, che riportano al di là e all’interno delle formule stereotipate e fisse delle registrazioni alcune noto autobiografiche.
Si tratta in particolare di atti ufficiali, ma anche di testi, che afferiscono alla sfera del sé (glosse di tipo personale, pagine di almanacco), posti all’interno di registri, la cui lettura rende possibile la ricostruzione della storia di un individuo e della comunità di cui è membro.
L' écriture de soi et l'expérience d'entendre une voix 'autre'
Authors: Viennet Denis
Published: January 2019

En partant d’une caractérisation du récit comme temporalisation de soi, on examine la notion d’« entendre » : hypothèse de la lecture-écriture comme exercice où l’on essaie de saisir le « ton juste », qui réside dans les mots et parfois à l’insu de ce qui est dit ou écrit. Sorte de tonalité affective, inconsciente, qui serait en dette d’une voix, de la musicalité d’une voix (pour Proust, la voix de la mère dans la scène originaire de la lecture), voix incorporée, entendue « de l’intérieur », et qui resterait en nous comme l’« enfance » d’un passé qui n’est pas passé, un reste de temps perdu résistant au passage du temps, surgissant en nous dans le hasard de l’existence. L’écriture du soi resterait alors secrètement accordée à l’unisson avec cette voix première, archaïque, voix autre que la nôtre dans la nôtre, étrangère à nous quoiqu’en nous, laquelle viendrait complexifier et troubler un soi non-figé, non-homogène, et dont la constitution relèverait essentiellement d’un possible et incertain à-venir.
Mots ouïs, mots inouïs.
Authors: Paulet Dubois Françoise
Published: January 2019

Après quelques considérations étymologiques et sémantiques sur les verbes écouter, entendre et ouïr, on présentera brièvement les deux écrivains français Fouchet et Gresset ainsi que leurs œuvres, que l’on situera par rapport au sujet proposé. Le récit du premier, intitulé L’usage de la parole, est un texte de fiction rédigé à la première personne (ce qui autorise l’hypothèse du récit autobiographique) où l’on focalisera sur tout ce qui relève de l’auditif, examiné d’un point de vue lexicosémantique et stylistique, puis on étudiera les rapports entre le narrateur et ce qu’il entend. Ensuite on établira un parallèle avec le long poème héroïcomique de Gresset qui porte le nom de son personnage principal, Ver-Vert. On l’analysera sous l’angle des expressions auditives et de l’effet produit sur l’entendeur par les mots entendus
Renaud Camus : réécrire le destin
Authors: Scigala Valérie
Published: January 2019

Les hommes décident-ils du cours de leur vie ou sont-ils ballottés au gré des événements, soumis à des dieux aveugles ? Le cas de Renaud Camus, reconnu par des universitaires de différents pays mais ignoré du grand public français, est exemplaire pour tenter de démêler la part de la volonté humaine et la part de l’inéluctable. Ce manque de succès provient-il d’une malédiction initiale ou d’une stratégie délibérée ? Si Camus impute son échec littéraire à son amour de l’amour, une analyse plus précise montre que se serait surtout la conséquence du choix de dire sa vérité, quel qu’en soit le prix. Une autre explication serait que l’échec viendrait du nom de Camus, nom trop connu d’un écrivain trop fameux. Comment échapper au nom et à la généalogie tout en restant fidèle à l’origine ? Renaud Camus a inventé une solution dans et par la littérature.
Le costruzioni autobiografiche di Dante tra teleologia e « forza di destino »
Authors: Lucarelli Massimo
Published: January 2019

In apertura del Convivio, Dante giustifica il fatto che parlerà di se stesso in base a due ragioni: una di tipo pedagogico, sul modello agostiniano delle Confessiones; l’altra di tipo apologetico, sul modello del De consolatione philosophiae, composto da Boezio affinché «escusasse la perpetuale infamia del suo essilio». Il riferimento a Boezio permette all’Alighieri di introdurre il tema del proprio ingiusto esilio e di definirlo come «piaga della fortuna», congiungendo in tal modo scrittura autobiografica e problematica del destino (inteso in senso pagano). Recuperando pienamente una dimensione telelologica del racconto di sé già parzialmente emersa nella Vita nova, risemantizzando in senso cristiano il concetto di Fortuna e applicandolo al leitmotiv dell’esilio, la Commedia riformulerà su uno sfondo escatologico il nesso tra costruzione autobiografica e destino (coincidente ormai, quest’ultimo, con la divina Provvidenza).
La legge della memoria
Authors: Caffarena Fabio
Published: January 2019

Tra il 1948 e il 1949 un lucidatore di mobili di Rieti, rinchiuso nelle carceri giudiziarie di Pordenone, scrive una particolare memoria autobiografica: un'autodifesa da presentare al locale Tribunale per respingere l'accusa di false generalità e appropriazione indebita. Reati – secondo il protagonista – indotti dalle circostanze che dopo l'8 settembre 1943 gli avevano consentito di evadere dalla Casa di lavoro di Finale Ligure, dove era rinchiuso per una lunga serie di furti. Catturato dai tedeschi dopo l'evasione e caricato su un treno diretto ai campi di concentramento, riuscirà a scappare, ma si troverà nella necessità di re-inventarsi una nuova vita ed una nuova/falsa identità. Il documento è una sorta di autobiografia della leggera ed è stato ritrovato presso l'Archivio di Stato di Savona, all'interno del Fondo Casa di lavoro di Finale Ligure, dove la leggera verrà rispedita per scontare la sua pena fino al 1950, nonostante l'agguerrita autodifesa
L’ uomo che uccise la principessa, Lucheno e la scrittura di sé
Authors: Lo Russo Michelantonio
Published: January 2019

Questo contributo si propone di mostrare come l’autobiografia del ribelle possa essere considerata parte di una strategia più ampia, quella del desiderio di riconoscimento. Il lavoro ruota attorno alla vicenda di Luigi Lucheni, l’assassino di “Sissi”, l’imperatrice Elisabetta d’Austria-Ungheria. Lucheni diventa oggetto di studio per psichiatri e giuristi. Le perizie fanno emergere un ‘personaggio’. Il delitto manca di un motivo preciso e retrocede sullo sfondo, lasciando il campo al modo di essere, quello del deviante. Si profila così il mostro morale, il degenerato mosso da insane passioni. Il soggetto è indagato a fondo e la biografia diventa arma per normalizzare, rinchiudere, correggere, strategia del potere che produce sapere, cioè controstrategie. E infatti Lucheni non solo prende posizione contro la perizia di Lombroso. Inizia a scrivere un’autobiografia per mostrare che ribelli non si nasce, ma lo si diventa a causa della miseria, la stessa che spinge le madri ad abbandonare i propri bambini. Il trovatello Lucheni indaga se stesso e finisce con il riabilitare la madre, chiedendo forse ai lettori della sua autobiografia che venga fatto lo stesso con lui.
Apologia di un matematico.
Authors: Porretta Alessio
Published: January 2019

Apologia di un matematico. La difesa di G.H. Hardy – resa spontaneamente. Nel 1940, al crepuscolo della sua vita, il celebre matematico inglese G. H. Hardy scrive. Apologia di un matematico, un breve saggio nel quale espone una difesa della matematica e, insieme, di una esistenza interamente dedicata ad essa. Alla ricerca di un senso che riscatti insieme il soggetto e l’oggetto di questa pratica, Hardy affronta in modo appassionato i temi dell’utilità e della bellezza, invocando infine la stessa assoluzione che per ogni artista creativo. In questo articolo, rivisitiamo il pathos e l’ethos della sua arringa difensiva, e la visione che egli offer della matematica nel suo carattere reale e ideale insieme, partecipe degli attributi della scienza e dell’arte. Il confine al quale la sua indagine si arresta, il mistero dell’origine di un pensiero creativo, offre lo spunto per una riflessione sul linguaggio e sulla natura dell’intuizione matematica.
L’ethos fragmentaire
Authors: Narayana Valérie
Published: January 2019

Les textes autobiographiques du naturaliste français Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) s’écartent de la convention voulant que l’écrit personnel manifeste une plus grande subjectivité que le texte scientifique proprement dit. Ce travail examine les Mémoires du savant ainsi que les textes préfaciels de ses Recherches sur les ossements fossiles des quadrupèdes. L’analyse souligne le fait étrange que les passages à la première personne compris dans les Recherches (texte à portée censément scientifique) livrent plus d’épanchements que les sobres Mémoires. Cette particularité est alors liée au flou méthodologique entourant le discours taxonomique ambiant. C’est cette équivoque que tentera de surmonter l’ethos cuviérien. Ces mêmes ambiguïtés sont parodiées dans un texte d’Honoré de Balzac, Le Guide-âne des animaux voulant parvenir aux honneurs (1842). Une analyse de ce conte satirique permet de mieux appréhender la réception possible des écrits de Cuvier, réflexion permettant ainsi de confronter la construction du sujet énonçant aux attentes génériques ciblées.
‘Fukushima mon amour’
Authors: Trovato Loredana
Published: January 2019

Cet article vise à analyser le discours sur la science dans la presse française en ligne après les événements de Fukushima, suite au terrible tremblement de terre qui a dévasté le Japon en 2011. Parodiant le titre d’une œuvre de Marguerite Duras, on veut poser l’attention sur les effets soit catastrophiques, soit bénéfiques de ce discours à travers la mise en place d’un modèle sémio-linguistique qui reprend le carré sémiotique de Greimas et qui voit le jeu de composition/structuration/déstructuration de quatre éléments de base : logos, éthos, éros, thanatos. Il s’agira d’analyser du point de vue linguistique et, en particulier, de la linguistique énonciative, de l’analyse du discours, de la pragmatique et de la rhétorique aussi tout témoignage sur Fukushima à travers le ‘je’ des protagonistes de cette tragédie, ainsi qu’à travers les affirmations des hommes et des femmes de science.
La rhétorique disculpatoire de Cagliostro dans les mémoires judiciaires de l’affaire du collier
Authors: Leterrier Étienne
Published: January 2019

Comment singulariser l’ethos scientifique construit par le charlatan ? Accusé dans l’affaire du collier de la reine, en 1785, le célèbre charlatan Cagliostro (1743-1795) se défend des accusations de vol par un discours d’autolégitimation en tant qu’homme de science qui puise ses sources dans le rousseauisme, le discours anti-médical ou encore l’égyptomanie, tout en mettant en scène l’imaginaire encore attaché, en cette fin de XVIIIe siècle, aux sciences de la nature. Or, dans la construction de cet ethos, c’est surtout la radicalisation des codes éthiques qui transparaît : sans jamais définir son savoir, Cagliostro souligne sa générosité, son désintéressement, son altruisme ou son statut d’innocent accusé. Plus encore, il se prévaut d’une science extraordinaire qui rompt avec les institutions et les paradigmes de l’époque et qui justifie l’écriture des mémoires. Ce faisant, Cagliostro va jusqu’à créer une autofiction, un mythe Cagliostro qui aura après lui de nombreux continuateurs.
Matematica e cinema
Authors: Emmer Michele
Published: January 2019

La matematica come fonte di ispirazione per raccontare, per visualizzare, immaginare altri mondi. E di cosa tratta il cinema sin dai suoi esordi ? L’idea è uella di mostrare quali sono i ruoli privilegiati dei matematici nel cinema, dalla storia alla investigazione e di serial killer a quelle di matematici realmente esistiti. Alle volte pieni di problemi che sconfinano nella pazzia alle volte introversi ed isolati, ma in ogni caso sempre geniali e imprevedibili.
Goffredo Parise, ‘figlio del peccato’ senza Chiesa
Authors: Carton Jessy
Published: January 2019

Il contributo mira a chiarire le trasposizioni metaforiche dell’identità di figlio illegittimo nelle opere dello scrittore-giornalista Goffredo Parise (1929-1986). Questa condizione, considerata imbarazzante nel Veneto cattolico degli anni ’30, viene anche trasformata in una metafora con cui l’autore evidenzia la sua diversità nel campo letterario e intellettuale del secondo dopoguerra. Parise insinua per esempio che la sua identità di “figlio del peccato” gli impedisce di appartenere a una “Chiesa”, termine con cui si riferisce tanto alla religione cattolica quanto all’ideologia comunista, o asserisce di essere senza genealogia nella grande “famiglia” letteraria italiana. L’autoritratto parisiano come figlio di n.n. viene preso in esame nel bestseller Il prete bello, nel racconto incompiuto Arsenico e nel materiale raccolto negli Archivi Parise a Ponte di Piave e a Roma, che include articoli pubblicati sul “Corriere della Sera” e il romanzo inedito La Politica.
Identidad, autonarración y performatividad en “La hija del Ganges” de Asha Miró
Authors: Bettaglio Marina
Published: January 2019

La hija del Ganges (2003) de la escritora india-catalana Asha Miró es un texto autobiográfico que refleja las inquietudes típicas de las historias de adopción : el trauma del abandono, la pérdida de la familia de origen, la necesidad de entender las circunstancias de su nacimiento y, sobre todo, de aclarar los motivos que llevaron a sus padres biológicos a deshacerse de ella. La elaboración textual de su periplo vital revela la importancia del acto performativo en la escritura autobiográfica en cuanto

« creation and recreation of the self at the time of writing » (Laureiro 1). Este artículo analiza la construcción identitaria de la escritura autobiográfica a partir de la teoría de la narración de la filósofa italiana Adriana Cavarero. Asimismo la teoría de la performatividad de Judith Butler ayudará a entender la adquisición de una identidad híbrida a partir de elementos culturales y biológicos.
Descartes et l’événement onirique
Authors: Schiro Enrico
Published: January 2019

Dans la deuxième partie du Discours de la méthode, Descartes présente une narration autobiographique de l'origine de l’idée de méthode. Imitant un célèbre topos littéraire, cette scène méditative décrit le philosophe comme un esprit serein et équilibré, capable de produire librement ses propres pensées et réflexions. Même un rêve ne pourrait perturber une philosophie à l’œuvre. De quelle manière cette narration s’adapte-t-elle à l’ontologie cartésienne des idées ? Descartes définit en effet les idées, prises en tant que représentations mentales, en fonction de leur origine et en distingue trois typologies, innatæ, factæ, ou adventitiæ. En confrontant l’auto-narration cartésienne avec la biographie d’Adrien Baillet, l’objectif de ce travail est de mettre en discussion la narration autobiographique présentée dans le Discours et de porter à la lumière les conséquences ontologiques de ces deux différentes narrations de l’origine, définissant également les éléments d'une ontologie onirique cartésienne.
A not so common idea
Authors: Lechner Elsa
Published: January 2019

This article focuses on autobiographies of Portuguese emigrants in the USA published outside the literary circuits (A different and longer version of this analysis will be published by The Journal of Lusophone Studies in October 2016). The analysis draws from material collected during fieldwork in New Jersey, where a surprising number of migrant’s written self-portraits were found. The paper examines such works as an expression of self and social (biopolitical) empowerment in contrast with the established negative image associated to the figure of the Portuguese emigrant. The four considered authors emigrated in different periods of the 20th Century marked by continuous Portuguese emigration flows. Escaping misery, poverty, the colonial war, or lack of perspectives, these e/immigrants were improbable authors from the outset, yet, motivated writers of their memories and life experiences. The analysis highlights the heuristic value and social relevance of such autobiographies both in their socio-anthropological meaning, and as historical portraits of Portugal and the Portuguese emigration.

[Project funded by the Fulbright Commission/Camões Institute and hosted by the Department of Portuguese and Brazilian Studies, Brown University, and the Department of Spanish and Portuguese, Rutgers University, under the 2013 Fulbright Program for PhD researchers and professors].