bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aproximações à compreensão da (...) e seus possíveis vínculos com a filosofia
Authors: Burgos Jorge Ordóñez
Published: June 2018

O pensamento dos povos da Antiguidade é composto de linguagens, sistemas de valores e proposições que escapam não só aos convencionalismos linguísticos atuais, mas também se distanciam das categorias próprias da filosofia, da religião e até mesmo da mitologia. Um caso ilustrativo é a (...) egípcia, cuja tradução nas línguas contemporâneas é magia, magic, Zauber e Magie; nessa tradução, vincula-se uma série de conotações próprias da mentalidade judaico-cristã e evolucionista. Uma simples magia, fruto do homem crédulo, supersticioso e detentor de uma mente preguiçosa. Tal simplificação, entretanto, não se preocupa em estudar aspectos de grande relevância como o processo de transmissão que a palavra sofreu ao longo dos séculos, omitindo o papel desempenhado pela magia persa no interior da reflexão de filósofos, historiadores e poetas da Hélade. A (...)foi uma forma de conceber o universo que não pode se limitar somente a crenças pseudo-religiosas; foi uma sofisticada estrutura para entender as coisas que, simplesmente, não conhecemos. Este artigo é um convite a uma revisão dos produtos culturais de séculos distantes, sem perder de vista que a incompreensão não se localiza exclusivamente nesse distante, mas nas próprias entranhas do nosso tempo.
Hippocrates Invented Nothing: Popular Therapies in Healing Inscriptions
Authors: Prêtre Clarisse
Published: June 2018

It has long been thought that the Hippocratic medicine in the Antiquity was opposed to the divine medicine: one was rational, the other was a mixture of superstition and religion. This article attempts to show by some examples from ancient Greek text sources that both medicines, one of the gods and one of the men, have exploited the same empirical funds from traditional care techniques. So we must now nuance the too schematic division between the two medicines.
Prefácio de Alexander Pope à sua tradução da Ilíada de Homero (1715-1720)
Authors: Zanon Camila Aline
Published: June 2018

A tradução que o poeta inglês Alexander Pope fez da Ilíada é um marco para a história dos épicos homéricos no mundo anglófono. A qualidade poética da tradução associada ao pioneirismo comercial da publicação por assinatura possibilitou ao jovem de 27 anos viver de seu próprio ofício como poeta, contribuindo para que ele se tornasse um dos mais proeminentes de sua época. O prefácio que acompanha o primeiro volume de sua tradução faz uma apologia de Homero, comparando-o com Virgílio quanto aos recursos poéticos e à capacidade de invenção e de julgamento. Nele, é possível observar os critérios poéticos que pautam o juízo de valor que Pope faz de um e de outro poeta antigo.
Pedro Paulo A. Funari e a Anforologia
Authors: Sarian Haiganuch
Published: June 2018

Homenagem a Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari
Obra científica y honestidad intelectual: un comentario (y homenaje) a la obra de Pedro Pablo Abreu Funari
Authors: Calvo Victor Revilla
Published: June 2018

Homenagem a Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari
Contribuições para uma arqueologia de Roma pós-colonial: ligando Brasil e Grã-Bretanha
Authors: Hingley Richard
Published: June 2018

Homenagem a Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari
Uma história escrita a quatro mãos
Authors: Rodrigues Renata Cardoso Belleboni
Published: June 2018

Homenagem a Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari
Os mesopotâmicos tinham fome de quê? Literatura, cultura material e outras histórias
Authors: Pozzer Kátia Maria Paim
Published: June 2018

As análises sobre a significação simbólica dos alimentos, os hábitos culinários e o comportamento à mesa foram impulsionadas pela Nova História Cultural e favoreceram os estudos sobre as relações entre alimentação, cultura e estrutura social. Assim, neste artigo pretendemos discutir o banquete mesopotâmico, suas raízes sagradas, os mitos de criação dos alimentos, a cultura material e a rica iconografia existente sobre o tema.
The Mesopotamians hungered for what? Literature, material culture, and other histories
Authors: Pozzer Kátia Maria Paim
Published: June 2018

The analyzes of the symbolic meaning of food, the culinary habits and the behavior at the table were stimulated by the New Cultural History and favored the studies on the relations between food, culture and social structure. Thus, in this article we intend to discuss the Mesopotamian banquet, its sacred roots, the myths of food creation, the material culture and the rich iconography on the subject.
Indivíduos, cidadãos e o coletivo na poesia de Arquíloco
Authors: Corrêa Paula da Cunha
Published: June 2018

Neste trabalho são examinados os conceitos e as expressões para os indivíduos (nomes próprios e gentílicos), os cidadãos (astoí, polítai), e a coletividade (dēmos, gentílicos) nos fragmentos de Arquíloco.
Os espaços geográficos marítimos de Atenas ao Mar Negro
Authors: Cândido Maria Regina
Published: June 2018

Através do espaço geográfico marítimo que os gregos efetivaram o processo de migração para as diferentes regiões banhadas pelo mar Egeu, Mediterrâneo e Mar Negro, fundaram novas poleis, efetivaram uma identidade compartilhada, transferiram seus cultos e deuses, produziram artefatos de cerâmica e metais formando a rede de conectividade marítima através de emporium e apoikias.
Roman and Briton women from Britannia
Authors: Bélo Tais Pagoto
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this article is to reflect on women from the ancient society and their studies, especially from Britannia. This work is made up of Romans and Britons women, who composed different costumes, which interspersed, which lived there and which were in some way evidenced by written and/or material vestiges. This was not a homogenous group, both for the population that had already lodged there and for the one that came later, there was a great variety of ideas about their status and how they should lead their lives. Materials on Roman and Briton have already been found epigraphically, on altars, tombstones and burials. However, this work will compare these first sources with the work of Tacitus, Annals, since this author always seems to place women with pejorative characteristics, very different from the loving and amorous words given to them in these places of death.
A política por trás de um nome: considerações sobre terminologia, de arqueologia bíblica até arqueologia do Oriente Próximo
Authors: Rodrigues Gabriella
Published: June 2018

Este artigo examina as tendências em terminologia para a prática arqueológica em Israel e na Palestina ao longo do tempo. A adoção de termos como “Arqueologia Bíblica” até a arqueologia de um período determinado numa região geográfica específica reflete não apenas o escopo da pesquisa, mas principalmente sua agenda política. Após uma apresentação dos termos mais comumente empregados na literatura, este texto discute como o nome da disciplina pode afetar a prática arqueológica no Oriente Próximo, ao mesmo tempo em que faz um apelo aos praticantes da disciplina que considerem a importância da discussão teórica.
Uma morte muito exagerada: Robin G. Collingwood e a "romanização" da Bretanha romana
Authors: Pinto Renato
Published: June 2018

Robin G. Collingwood é considerado o grande pesquisador dos estudos romano-bretões no período entreguerras. Suas contribuições neste campo, ainda que menos famosas do que seus trabalhos na Filosofia da História, lograram inserir a Bretanha Romana na história Britânica, e trouxeram, a reboque, uma abordagem interpretativa única que alinhavava conceitos filosóficos e históricos às suas pesquisas arqueológicas sobre o fenômeno da “Romanização” das províncias romanas. Sua crença na inevitabilidade do preconceito do estudioso ao se aproximar de seu objeto e na necessidade e possibilidade deste de recriar o passado em sua mente, no presente, rendeu-lhe uma espécie de renascença bibliográfica na produção arqueológica pós-processual. De alguma forma conectada a isso, sua concepção da “Romanização”, ainda que rígida, mostra-se indelével à crítica epistemológica do termo no pós-colonialismo britânico. O legado de Robin Collingwood costuma oscilar entre o reverencial e o ridículo, algo que só reforça a importância de tais movimentos tão longevos.
A death greatly exaggerated: Robin G. Collingwood and the "Romanisation" of Romain Britain
Authors: Pinto Renato
Published: June 2018

Robin G. Collingwood is considered the great researcher of RomanoBritish studies in the interbellum period. His contributions in this field, although less famous than his works in the Philosophy of History, succeeded in inserting Roman Britain into British history, and brought in tow a unique interpretative approach that weaves philosophical and historical concepts with his archaeological research on the phenomenon of the "Romanisation" of the Roman provinces. His belief in the inevitability of the scholar's prejudice in approaching his object and in his/her need and possibility to recreate the past in his/her own mind, in the present, has given Collingwood a kind of bibliographic renaissance in post-processual archaeological production. Somehow connected to this, his conception of "Romanisation," however rigid, is indelible to the epistemological critique of the term in British postcolonialism. Collingwood’s legacy usually oscillates between the reverential and the ridiculous, something that only reinforces the importance of such longlived movements.
Quando a "décima musa" inspira raps e tambores: dos usos políticos da figura de Safo por vozes lésbicas e feministas no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Rodrigues Leite Lettícia Batista
Published: June 2018

QUANDO A “DÉCIMA MUSA” INSPIRA RAPS E TAMBORES: DOS USOS POLÍTICOS DA FIGURA DE SAFO POR VOZES LÉSBICAS E FEMINISTAS NO BRASIL CONTEMPORÂNE
Pedro Funari y la transmisión del conocimiento
Authors: Díaz-Andreu Margarita
Published: June 2018

Special Issue in honor to Professor Pedro Paulo Funari
A tribute to Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari
Authors: Feitosa Lourdes Madalena Gazarini Conde
Published: June 2018

Special Issue in honor to Professor Pedro Paulo Funari
Shaping the future with ever-evolving representations of the past
Authors: Silberman Neil Asher
Published: June 2018

Special Issue in honor to Professor Pedro Paulo Funari
Pedro Paulo, Egyptomania and me
Authors: Bakos Margaret Marchiori
Published: June 2018

Special issue in honour to Professor Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari
Espelhos eróticos. Erótica no espelho. Uma iconografia amorosa da Hélade (séc. V-IV a.C.)
Authors: Cerqueira Fábio Vergara
Published: June 2018

O presente texto consiste em um ensaio interpretativo sobre o(s) sentido(s) do objeto espelho na Grécia egeia (em contraste à Grécia ocidental/colonial), com base na iconografia, levando em consideração dois repertórios imagéticos distintos: a pintura dos vasos áticos (final do sexto a início do quarto século) e a decoração figurada dos espelhos em si, em relevo e gravada por incisão (final do quinto a início do terceiro século). O foco central de análise é a iconografia registrada nos espelhos produzidos nos quatro principais centros da indústria grega de espelhos (Atenas, Corinto, Cálcis, Jônia). Dentre os três tipos de espelho produzidos, quais sejam, espelho de mão, espelho de mesa e espelho de caixa, é fundamentalmente o terceiro tipo que contribui para este estudo. Os espelhos de caixa podem portar iconografia em sua cobertura dobrável, em relevo na superfície externa e gravada por incisão na superfície interna. Em contraste com a iconografia de vasos da Magna Grécia, em que o componente místico se sobressai entre vários simbolismos, no caso da iconografia do/no espelho produzida na Grécia egeia prevalece o simbolismo erótico e a ligação com Afrodite, por meio de cuja proteção se acolhem todas as categorias de mulheres (hetairas, “mulheres-cidadãs” casadas ou noivas) e todos as modalidades de amores – o poder simbólico do espelho estaria relacionado a um erótica inclusiva, que une sob a égide do amor e desejo aquilo que a sociedade separa.
Heródoto e as mulheres egípcias: a construção dos comportamentos femininos no segundo logos das Histórias
Authors: Junqueira Nathália Monseff
Published: June 2018

Com o objetivo de apresentar novas possibilidades de se estudar as mulheres na Antiguidade Clássica, englobando as discussões da História Cultural, estudos de gênero, identidade e subjetividade dos sujeitos históricos, escolhemos como fonte para esse artigo a obra do historiador grego Heródoto de Halicarnasso, que escreveu Histórias no V a.C. Nossa intenção é a de analisar as passagens que selecionamos no Livro II em que as mulheres egípcias são relatadas em diversas situações, procurando evidências de que esse historiador compartilharia de um ideal de mulher que poderia fazer parte do imaginário de uma parcela da população masculina ateniense. Assim, demonstramos a maneira como esse padrão de comportamento feminino aparece na nossa fonte e como outras práticas sociais femininas poderiam habitar o mesmo mundo imaginado para as mulheres no mundo antigo.
Herodotus and Egyptian women: the construction of female behaviors in the second logos of Histories
Authors: Junqueira Nathalia Monseff
Published: June 2018

Aiming at the presentation of new possibilities in studying the women in the Classical Antiquity involving the discussions of the Cultural History, gender studies, identity and subjectivity of the historical subjects, we have chosen as a source of such article the work of Herodotus from Halicarnassus, the Greek historian, who wrote Histories in the fifth century B.C. Our intention is to analyze the selected passages in Book II in which the Egyptian women are presented in several situations, searching for evidences that this historian would support an ideal of a woman which could be part of the imaginary of a great deal of the Greek male population. Thus, we intend to demonstrate the way female behavior is represented in our source and how varied feminist social practices could be present in the same imagined would for women in ancient world.
Rome models: between history and representations
Authors: Rocha Ivan Esperança
Published: June 2018

Considered a millenarian art, the construction of models has gained in the last decades a special impulse using electronic supports in the area of archeology as well of architecture and engineering. In this text, will be presented and discussed the original and current role of the models in the historical-architectural reconstruction of the city of Rome, especially those created in the first decades of the 20th century by Giuseppe Marcelliani, Paul Bigot and Italo Gismondi.
Importações de ânforas de azeite na Bretanha romana: 20 anos depois
Authors: Monfort Cèsar Carreras
Published: June 2018

Pedro Paulo A. Funari realizou pesquisas em anforologia na Bretanha romana no final da década de 1980 e início da década de 1990. Ele estava interessado na epigrafia (inscrições pintadas e selos) da ânfora mais comum nas ilhas, que era a Dressel 20 bética. Seu conhecimento supunha uma mudança importante na forma como as ânforas foram estudadas no Reino Unido e influenciaram os estudiosos e pesquisas posteriores. O presente trabalho tenta mostrar a sua contribuição na pesquisa de ânforas na Bretanha romana e como esses estudos evoluíram nos últimos 20 anos. Claro, existem novos dados disponíveis, mas também abordagens alternativas em termos de metodologia e interpretação.
Family, memory and death in the tomb inscriptions of Mediolanum (I-II AD)
Authors: De Omena Luciane Munhoz , De Carvalho Margarida Maria
Published: June 2018

Considering contemporary studies on attitudes towards death and the dead, we will consider, given the documentary, thematic and historical relevance, some epitaphs for females present in the region of Mediolanum, the modern city of Milan. We know that, although we do not have remains of necropolises, as in Isola Sacra, the mortuary evidences present at Civico Museo Archeologico di Milano exhibit a wide range of stone stelae, lastras of funeral monuments with stone garlands, marble funeral altars and urns, highlighting the richness of a region known, at the time of 49 BC, as municipium ciuium romanorum. In this respect, it becomes relevant to analyze, for example, a gorgeous stela, dated between the last years of the second century AD, as a rare testimony of a woman who, undoubtedly, with a strong personality, commissions the funeral monument to her relatives. Thenceforth, we understand that the epitaphs immortalized the deceased as well as stimulated the pietas of their relatives. Thus, in referring to the sepulchral epigraphy, we emphasize the connections and symbology between written and spoken words, for, thus conceived, ritual repetition evoked the memory of the deceased.
Lucernas norte-africanas tardias de terra sigillata: curadoria de coleções museológicas e pesquisas arqueológicas
Authors: Fleming Maria Isabel D'Agostino
Published: June 2018

As lucernas norte-africanas tardias de Terra Sigillata (African Red Slip Ware-ARS) formam uma categoria de objetos que, ao lado das vasilhas de mesa, adquiriram uma importância particular, não só pelo volume de sua produção, mas pelas suas implicações econômicas e comerciais, iconográficas e histórico-religiosas. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento de pesquisas fundamentais para o conhecimento sobre a produção e circulação da ARS e em particular as lucernas, tomando como exemplos diálogos profícuos entre os estudos curatoriais de coleções museológicas e pesquisas arqueológicas que apontam os limites dos modelos clássicos de estudo da cerâmica africana e realizam revisões acuradas de datações, origens e conteúdos das vasilhas, especialmente com métodos arqueométricos.
Uma homenagem a Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari
Authors: Feitosa Lourdes Madalena Gazarini Conde
Published: June 2018

Homenagem a Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari
Education and Change in the Late Ottoman Empire and Turkey
Authors: Fortna Benjamin C.
Published: June 2018

This article addresses the interrelated changes taking place in education
during the transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey in the
late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In particular, it focuses on the ways
in which schools altered their approach to space, time, and economic priorities in
order to align themselves with the shifting conditions of the period. It proceeds
by examining a series of tensions between the desiderata of state and society, the
collective and the individual, the secular and the religious, the national and the
supranational, before assessing the diverse range of responses they elicited.
Imperialism and Nationhood in Children’s Books in Colonial Bengal
Authors: Gangopadhyay Gargi
Published: June 2018

This article examines perceptions of colonial modernity as experienced
by middle-class Bengali children in Calcutta at the turn of the twentieth century.
This was the time in which the foundations of modern Calcutta and modern Bengali
childhood were laid, and in which urban cultures of education and entertainment
gradually replaced precolonial patterns of childhood. This article examines these
transformations and assesses their role in the formation of new social norms that
were to define middle-class Bengali childhood until the end of the twentieth
century.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antitumour Activity of 4-(3-Amino-4-Morpholino-1H-Indazole-1-Carbonyl)Benzonitrile
Authors: Lu Jiu-fu , Jin Ling-xia , Ge Hong-guang , Song Juan , Zhao Cai-bin , Guo Xiao-hua , Yue Si-yu , Li Li
Published: June 2018

The title compound, 4-(3-amino-4-morpholino-1 H-indazole-1-carbonyl)benzonitrile was synthesised by condensation of 4-cyanobenzoic acid with 4-morpholino-1 H-indazol-3-amine, which was prepared from 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile by amination with morpholine and then cyclisation with hydrazine hydrate. The crystal structure of the title compound was determined and the crystals belong to the monoclinic system, space group P21/ c. In addition, the compound showed some inhibition of the proliferation of some cancer cell lines.
Direct Synthesis of Xanthenes from Benzyl Alcohols using Choline Peroxydisulfate Ionic Liquid as a Reagent under Otherwise Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Soleimani Omid , Hosseinian Asghar
Published: June 2018

14-Aryl-14 H-dibenzo[ a,j]xanthenes and 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes were synthesised directly from benzyl alcohols by a tandem catalytic process using choline peroxydisulfate (ChPS). The synthesis proceeds through two steps: an oxidation of the benzyl alcohol to the corresponding benzaldehyde followed by condensation with 2-naphthol (or dimedone) to form the products. Choline bisulfate, generated in situ from ChPS, catalyses the product formation.
Dimeria kalerii (Poaceae: Panicoideae), A new species from northern Kerala, India
Authors: Biju P. , Josekutty E.J. , Jomy Augustine
Published: June 2018

Dimeria kalerii, a new species collected from the lateritic plateaus of NorthernKerala, India is described and illustrated. It is allied to Dimeria gracilis in robust habit, densely bearded nodes, lax racemes, long clavate pedicels with cupuliform apex but differs in ciliate apex of ligules, numerous racemes on the peduncles (7-32), hairy pedicels, smaller spikelets (3.8–4.2 mm), shorter cilia on the upper and lower glume, long bristly hairs at the apex of upper glume, hairy column of awns and smaller anthers (1.8–2.0 mm).Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(1): 13-18, 2018 (June)
Notes on the genus Tylophora R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) of India
Authors: Rasingam L. , Swamy J. , Nagaraju S.
Published: June 2018

A new subspecies, Tylophora perakensis King & Gamble subsp. andamanica isdescribed and illustrated from Little Andaman Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. A new combination, Tylophora hookeriana is proposed and the distributional status of T. indica Merr. var. intermedia M.A. Rahman & Wilcock is also discussed based on the fresh collections from Andaman Islands. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(1): 51-56, 2018 (June)
New records of three species and a genus of the Euphorbiaceae for Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin M. Nazim , Rahman M. Oliur , Rahman M. Atiqur
Published: June 2018

Three species belonging to two genera of the family Euphorbiaceae are beingreported here as new records for Bangladesh, viz., Cleidiocarpon laurinum Airy Shaw, Euphorbia pycnostegia Boiss. and Euphorbia repens K. Koch. The genus Cleidiocarpon Airy Shaw is also a new generic record for Bangladesh. One cultivated species, Acalypha wilkesiana Muell.-Arg., is reported as addition to the account of the Euphorbiaceae of Bangladesh. Description and photographs of these species are provided.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(1): 93-99, 2018 (June)
Drechslera dematioidea (Bubbák & Wróblewski) Subram. & Jain, A new fungal record for Bangladesh
Authors: Momtaz Mst. Selina , Shamsi Shamim , Dey Tapan Kumar
Published: June 2018

Not available.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(1): 119-121, 2018 (June)
Impacts of Trace Element Addition on Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) Agronomy
Authors: Islam Md. Moshiul , Karim Md. Razaul , Oliver Md. Moinul Hosain , Urmi Tahmina Akter , Hossain Md. Ashraf , Haque M. Moynul
Published: June 2018

Adequate supply of micronutrients is important for the proper growth and yield of lentil, particularly in poorly fertile soil. This study was carried out to understand the effects of zinc (Zn), boron (B), and molybdenum (Mo) on the growth and yield of lentil, and how these elements can help manage soil fertility issues. In this regard, the morpho-physiological traits of lentils (BARI Masur-7) were collected from two experiments receiving the same treatments carried out during consecutive rabi seasons of 2015–2016 and 2016–2017. The experiments were laid out with a randomized complete block design having eight treatments, and was replicated thrice. The treatments were T1 (Control), T2 (Zn2.0 kg ha−1), T3 (B1.5 kg ha−1), T4 (Mo1.0 kg ha−1), T5 (Zn2.0B1.5 kg ha−1), T6 (Zn2.0Mo1.0 kg ha−1), T7 (B1.5Mo1.0 kg ha−1), and T8 (Zn2.0B1.5Mo1.0 kg ha−1). The results revealed that the application of micronutrients either singly or in combination had significant effects on the plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand seed weight, and the seed yield of lentil. The maximum seed production was, however, observed in plots receiving treatment T8, i.e., the combined application of Zn, B, and Mo. Agronomic biofortification also had significantly increased protein content of lentil seeds while affecting the macro and micronutrient content of lentil seed. These results suggest that any micronutrient deficiencies might lead to a yield loss of lentil, and such a scenario could be avoided by a combined application of micronutrients at a proportionate level.
Cognitive Bias in Zoo Animals: An Optimistic Outlook for Welfare Assessment
Authors: Clegg Isabella L. K.
Published: June 2018

Cognitive bias testing measures how emotional states can affect cognitive processes, often described using the “glass half-full/half-empty” paradigm. Classical or operant conditioning is used to measure responses to ambiguous cues, and it has been reported across many species and contexts that an animal’s cognitive bias can be directly linked to welfare state, e.g., those in better welfare make more optimistic judgements. Cognitive bias testing has only recently been applied to animals and represents a key milestone in welfare science: it is currently one of the only accurate methods available to measure welfare. The tests have been conducted on many farm, laboratory, and companion animal species, but have only been carried out in zoo settings a handful of times. The aims of this review are to evaluate the feasibility of cognitive bias testing in zoos and its potential as a tool for studying zoo animal welfare. The few existing zoo cognitive bias studies are reviewed, as well as those conducted on similar, non-domesticated species. This work is then used to discuss how tests could be successfully designed and executed in zoo settings, which types of tests are most appropriate in different contexts, and how the data could be used to improve animal welfare. The review closely examines the many variables are present in the zoo which cannot be controlled as in other settings, termed here the Zoo Environment (ZE) Variables. It is recommended that tests are developed after consideration of each of the ZE Variables, and through strong collaboration between zookeepers, managers, and academic institutions. There is much unexplored potential of cognitive bias testing in the zoo setting, not least its use in investigating animal welfare in zoos. It is hoped that this review will stimulate increased interest in this topic from zoo managers, scientists, and industry regulators alike.
Leader–Follower Formation Maneuvers for Multi-Robot Systems via Derivative and Integral Terminal Sliding Mode
Authors: Qian Dianwei , Xi Yafei
Published: June 2018

This paper investigates the formation problem of multiple robots based on the leader–follower mechanism. At first, the dynamics of such a leader–follower framework are modeled. The input–output equations are depicted by calculating the relative degree of a leader–follower formation system. Furthermore, the derivative and integral terminal sliding mode controller is designed based on the relative degree. Since the formation system suffers from uncertainties, the nonlinear disturbance observer is adopted to deal with the uncertainties. The stability of the closed-loop control system is proven in the sense of Lyapunov. Finally, some numerical simulations are displayed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness by the designed controller and observer.
Enhancing Prediction Performance of Landslide Susceptibility Model Using Hybrid Machine Learning Approach of Bagging Ensemble and Logistic Model Tree
Authors: Truong Xuan Luan , Mitamura Muneki , Kono Yasuyuki , Raghavan Venkatesh , Yonezawa Go , Truong Xuan Quang , Do Thi Hang , Tien Bui Dieu , Lee Saro
Published: June 2018

The objective of this research is introduce a new machine learning ensemble approach that is a hybridization of Bagging ensemble (BE) and Logistic Model Trees (LMTree), named as BE-LMtree, for improving the performance of the landslide susceptibility model. The LMTree is a relatively new machine learning algorithm that was rarely explored for landslide study, whereas BE is an ensemble framework that has proven highly efficient for landslide modeling. Upper Reaches Area of Red River Basin (URRB) in Northwest region of Viet Nam was employed as a case study. For this work, a GIS database for the URRB area has been established, which contains a total of 255 landslide polygons and eight predisposing factors i.e., slope, aspect, elevation, land cover, soil type, lithology, distance to fault, and distance to river. The database was then used to construct and validate the proposed BE-LMTree model. Quality of the final BE-LMTree model was checked using confusion matrix and a set of statistical measures. The result showed that the performance of the proposed BE-LMTree model is high with the classification accuracy is 93.81% on the training dataset and the prediction capability is 83.4% on the on the validation dataset. When compared to the support vector machine model and the LMTree model, the proposed BE-LMTree model performs better; therefore, we concluded that the BE-LMTree could prove to be a new efficient tool that should be used for landslide modeling. This research could provide useful results for landslide modeling in landslide prone areas.
The Simulation of an Automotive Air Spring Suspension Using a Pseudo-Dynamic Procedure
Authors: De Melo Francisco J. M. Q. , Pereira António B. , Morais Alfredo B.
Published: June 2018

This paper describes a numerical solution to characterize the deformation of a bellows-type air spring for automotive suspensions. In a first step, the shell structure is modeled as a practically inextensible membrane that has virtually no bending stiffness; the structure has only a pneumatic-elastic deformation due to the compressibility of the pressurized air. In a second step, a finite element modeling of the device using a commercial code is carried out in order to validate the first model. Complementing this work, an experimental procedure based on a pseudo-dynamic technique was implemented to simulate the behavior of the pneumatic suspension bellows subjected to dynamic loads. The method consists of a combined numeric/experimental procedure simulating a suddenly applied load.
Neutralization Dynamics of Slow Highly Charged Ions in 2D Materials
Authors: Wilhelm Richard A. , Gruber Elisabeth , Schwestka Janine , Heller René , Fascko Stefan , Aumayr Friedrich
Published: June 2018

We review experimental and theoretical work on the interaction of slow highly charged ions with two-dimensional materials. Earlier work in the field is summarized and more recent studies on 1 nm thick amorphous carbon nanomembranes and freestanding single layer graphene by the authors are reviewed. To explain the findings, models for energy loss determination as well as qualitative model descriptions for the observed ultrafast neutralization dynamics are discussed. The results shown in this paper will be put into context with findings of nanostructure formation on two-dimensional materials, both freestanding and on substrate, as well as on surfaces of bulk insulators.
Building a Taiwan Law Ontology Based on Automatic Legal Definition Extraction
Authors: Hwang Ren-Hung , Hsueh Yu-Ling , Chang Yu-Ting
Published: June 2018

Term extraction is an important task that automatically extracts relative terms from the texts in a given domain. A significant number of web applications need to model information for specific topics. In particular, we have explored a Taiwan government website that maintains the Laws & Regulations Database of the Republic of China (R.O.C) to provide the current Chinese law text to the public. However, the main issue is that there is no efficient structured method to handle such a large number of law texts. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel approach to extract legal as well as domain-relative terms, and then build a law ontology. We used the current Chinese law text from the Laws & Regulations Database as the data source. We then utilized natural language processing tools and data mining techniques to extract legal keywords and their definitions automatically. Subsequently, we constructed a Taiwan law ontology with the legal keywords and relative definitions. We have extracted 1114 legal keywords with definitions. With the characteristics of an ontology, users can view one keyword with its information and the associated keywords. Furthermore, we provide a service, which includes both the graphical and text interfaces to users on the web, such that a user can readily access the legal information on the Internet.
Role of p53 in the Regulation of the Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor Suppression
Authors: Uehara Ikuno , Tanaka Nobuyuki
Published: June 2018

p53 has functional roles in tumor suppression as a guardian of the genome, surveillant of oncogenic cell transformation, and as recently demonstrated, a regulator of intracellular metabolism. Accumulating evidence has shown that the tumor microenvironment, accompanied by inflammation and tissue remodeling, is important for cancer proliferation, metastasis, and maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that self-renew and generate the diverse cells comprising the tumor. Furthermore, p53 has been demonstrated to inhibit inflammatory responses, and functional loss of p53 causes excessive inflammatory reactions. Moreover, the generation and maintenance of CSCs are supported by the inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Considering that the functions of p53 inhibit reprogramming of somatic cells to stem cells, p53 may have a major role in the inflammatory microenvironment as a tumor suppressor. Here, we review our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the roles of p53 in regulation of the inflammatory microenvironment, tumor microenvironment, and tumor suppression.
Methadone for Analgesia in Children with Life-Limiting Illness: Experience from a Tertiary Children’s Health Service
Authors: Mott Christine , Sarpal Amrita , Moss Krista , Herbert Anthony
Published: June 2018

Methadone has the potential to assist in the management of pain in children with life-limiting illness, but its use is limited by its complex pharmacokinetic profile and limited research on its use in children. This is a retrospective review of the use of methadone as an analgesic in 16 children with life-limiting illness. Efficacy, dosing and side effect profile were analysed. Fifteen (94%) patients had improvements in their analgesia with minimal observed adverse effects. Patients were either rapidly converted from a prior opioid in one change or received methadone as an adjunct medication. Conversions were calculated using ratios frequently in the range of 10:1 to 20:1 from the oral morphine equivalent total daily dose (MEDD). Adjunct initial dosing was a low dose trial, often beginning with 1 mg at night. Only two patients required a dose adjustment due to side effects attributed to methadone. This was despite the cohort having significant underlying illnesses, extensive concurrent medications, and high methadone dosing where needed. Analysis of dosing and ratios indicates that an individualised approach is required. Based on this and on the infrequency of methadone use in this population, specialist assistance with dosing is recommended. Further research, including prospective and pharmacokinetic studies, is recommended.
ASIR: Application-Specific Instruction-Set Router for NoC-Based MPSoCs
Authors: Rettkowski Jens , Göhringer Diana
Published: June 2018

The end of Dennard scaling led to the use of heterogeneous multi-processor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs). Heterogeneous MPSoCs provide a high efficiency in terms of energy and performance due to the fact that each processing element can be optimized for an application task. However, the evolution of MPSoCs shows a growing number of processing elements (PEs), which leads to tremendous communication costs, tending to become the performance bottleneck. Networks-on-chip (NoCs) are a promising and scalable intra-chip communication technology for MPSoCs. However, these technological advances require novel and effective programming methodologies to efficiently exploit them. This work presents a novel router architecture called application-specific instruction-set router (ASIR) for field-programmable-gate-arrays (FPGA)-based MPSoCs. It combines data transfers with application-specific processing by adding high-level synthesized processing units to routers of the NoC. The execution of application-specific operations during data exchange between PEs exploits efficiently the transmission time. Furthermore, the processing units can be programmed in C/C++ using high-level synthesis, and accordingly, they can be specifically optimized for an application. This approach enables transferred data to be processed by a processing element, such as a MicroBlaze processor, before the transmission or by a router during the transmission. Moreover, a static mapping algorithm for applications modeled by a Kahn process network-based graph is introduced that maps tasks to the MicroBlaze processors and processing units. The mapping algorithm optimizes the communication cost by allocating tasks to nearest neighboring PEs. This complete methodology significantly simplifies the design and programming of ASIR-based MPSoCs. Furthermore, it efficiently exploits the heterogeneity of processing capabilities inside the routers and MicroBlaze processors.
Li and Co Ordering in the Nitridocobaltate(I) SrLi2{Li[CoN2]}
Authors: Clark William P. , Niewa Rainer
Published: June 2018

SrLi2{Li[CoN2]}, an isostructural variant of Li4SrN2, has been synthesised as black single crystals from a reaction between Li2[(Li,Co)N] and Sr2N, at 973 K using a Li flux in a sealed tantalum ampoule. Single crystal diffraction refinements gave a tetragonal unit cell, which upon closer inspection showed a monoclinic supercell. This supercell allowed, for the first time, the refinement of the occupation of metal atoms along the infinite chains in the structure, resulting in the chemical formula SrLi2{Li0.65Co0.35[Co0.65Li0.35N2]}. This revealed a clear preference for the Li and Co atoms to alternate along the chains. Magnetic measurements showed the sample to be a Curie paramagnet, with Co(I) being in a high-spin S = 1 configuration.
Optical Satellite Image Geo-Positioning with Weak Convergence Geometry
Authors: Wu Yang , Zhang Yongsheng , Wang Donghong , Mo Delin
Published: June 2018

High-resolution optical satellites are widely used in environmental monitoring. With the aim to observe the largest possible coverage, the overlapping areas and intersection angles of respective optical satellite images are usually small. However, the conventional bundle adjustment method leads to erroneous results or even failure under conditions of weak geometric convergence. By transforming the traditional stereo adjustment to a planar adjustment and combining it with linear programming (LP) theory, a new method that can solve the bias compensation parameters of all satellite images is proposed in this paper. With the support of freely available open source digital elevation models (DEMs) and sparse ground control points (GCPs), the method can not only ensure the consistent inner precision of all images, but also the absolute geolocation accuracy of the ground points. Tests of the two data sets covering different landscapes validated the effectiveness and feasibility of the method. The results showed that the geo-positioning performance of the method was better in regions of smaller topographic relief or for satellite images with a larger imaging altitude angle. The best accuracy of image geolocation with weak convergence geometry was as high as to 3.693 m in the horizontal direction and 6.510 m in the vertical direction, which is a level of accuracy equal to that of images with good intersection conditions.
Ex Post Impact Assessment of Master Plans—The Case of Shenzhen in Shaping a Polycentric Urban Structure
Authors: Xie Xiaoping , Hou Wei , Herold Hendrik
Published: June 2018

This study of ex post impact assessment aims to review the lessons learned from the implementation of previous master plans in the case study city of Shenzhen (China) in order to provide evidence-based input for the possible integration of impact assessment in future master planning in Shenzhen and other world cities, particularly in developing and emerging countries. The paper uses GIS data to derive maps for the visualization of spatial developmental patterns with complementary quantitative analysis for the spatial-temporal impact assessment. The ex post impact assessment shows that the master plans of Shenzhen have successfully guided urban development towards a polycentric spatial structure. Regarding the data used in the study, Global Human Settlement Layer (GSHL) is a valuable dataset that is generally suited to assessing the urban development pattern. The time series mapping of growth in built-up areas as well as population and built-up intensity mapping based on time specific categorization supplemented by the quantitative assessment of high urban concentrations (hUCs) based on time specific thresholding allows the identification of development patterns over a long period of time.
Thickness of cerebral cortex measured using anatomical mesoscopic imaging and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Janauskaitë Liuda , Kaèerauskienë Justina , Jaðinskaitë Ugnë , Gedrimas Vytautas , Stropus Rimvydas
Published: June 2018

Objective. Magnetic resonance imaging method opened up the possibility for in vivo examination of the anatomy of human brain. For this reason it is interesting and relevant to compare the knowledge accumulated over a number of years during the examination of the composition of dead brain to that obtained from magnetic resonance images. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the thickness of cerebral cortex in human of different age and sex, measured in different sites of the hemispheres when applying anatomical mesoscopic imaging and magnetic resonance imaging. Material and methods. The thickness of cerebral cortex was measured in symmetrical Brodmann’s areas of both hemispheres. The anatomical mesoscopic imaging technique was used for the examination of 2×2-cm cortex samples obtained during autopsy and fixed for 4 weeks in 10% paraformaldehyde. In these samples, cortex thickness was measured in sections perpendicular to the convolution, using an operative microscope, in a mesoscopic image at ×16 magnification and with an accuracy of 0.01 mm. Using cerebral magnetic resonance imaging, the thickness of cerebral cortex in live subjects was measured on T1-weighted images of patients examined at the Clinic of Radiology, Kaunas University of Medicine Hospital. The measured cortical field image was magnified to the smallest element of digital image – the pixel – and measured with an accuracy of 0.01 mm. Each of the two techniques was applied for the examination of 20 men and women who were divided into age groups of 20–60 years (n=10) and older than 60 years (n=10). Results and conclusions. Both examination methods yielded a statistically significant difference in the thickness of cerebral cortex between Brodmann’s areas 1, 4, and 19. No significant difference in cortex thickness was found between different age and sex groups; however, the findings showed that the difference in cortex thickness between the different age male groups was 4.6% and female – 1.6%. No significant difference using different techniques was found, but the cortex thickness in the fixed samples was reduced by 0.5 cm on average.
Microbiological and biochemical characteristics of inflammatory tissues in the periodontium
Authors: Šurna Algimantas , Sakalauskienė Jurgina , Vitkauskienė Astra , Šaferis Viktoras
Published: June 2018

Objective. To investigate bacterial populations in subgingival and supragingival plaque samples of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases and activities of the lysosomal enzymes – lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, and b-glucuronidase – in peripheral venous blood, in gingival crevicular fluid, and mixed nonstimulated saliva. Methods and materials. The study included 60 patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases without any internal pathology and 24 periodontally healthy subjects. Molecular genetic assay (Micro-IDent plus, Germany) for complex identification of additional six periodontopathic bacteria was applied. The activity of lysozyme was determined turbidimetrically, the activity of alkaline phosphatase – spectrophotometrically with a “Monarch” biochemical analyzer, the activity b-glucuronidase – according to the method described by Mead et al. and modified by Strachunskii. Results. A statistically significant association between clinical and bacteriological data was found in the following cases: gingival bleeding in the presence of Eubacterium nodatum, Eikenella corrodens, Capnocytophaga spp. (P<0.01); pathological periodontal pockets in the presence of Peptostreptococcus micros (α≤0.05 and β≤0.2), Fusobacterium nucleatum (α≤0.05 and β≤0.2), Campylobacter rectus (α≤0.05 and β≤0.2), and Capnocytophaga spp. (P<0.05); and satisfactory oral hygiene in the presence of all microorganisms investigated (P<0.05). The activity of lysozyme in gingival crevicular fluid and mixed nonstimulated saliva indicates the severity of periodontal inflammation. Based on clinical data, in assessing the amount of lysozyme in mixed nonstimulated saliva, sensitivity and specificity of 100% was found. Increased activities of lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, and b-glucuronidase were found in peripheral venous blood of patients with inflammatory periodontal disease as compared to control group. Conclusions. The main principles of the treatment of periodontal inflammatory diseases should be based on microorganism elimination, creation of individual treatment means affecting microflora in the mouth and immune system of macroorganisms.