bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Cluster-Level Factor Models with lavaan and Mplus
Authors: Jak Suzanne , Jorgensen Terrence D. , Rosseel Yves
Published: June 2021

Background: Researchers frequently use the responses of individuals in clusters to measure cluster-level constructs. Examples are the use of student evaluations to measure teaching quality, or the use of employee ratings of organizational climate. In earlier research, Stapleton and Johnson (2019) provided advice for measuring cluster-level constructs based on a simulation study with inadvertently confounded design factors. We extended their simulation study using both Mplus and lavaan to reveal how their conclusions were dependent on their study conditions. Methods: We generated data sets from the so-called configural model and the simultaneous shared-and-configural model, both with and without nonzero residual variances at the cluster level. We fitted models to these data sets using different maximum likelihood estimation algorithms. Results: Stapleton and Johnson’s results were highly contingent on their confounded design factors. Convergence rates could be very different across algorithms, depending on whether between-level residual variances were zero in the population or in the fitted model. We discovered a worrying convergence issue with the default settings in Mplus, resulting in seemingly converged solutions that are actually not. Rejection rates of the normal-theory test statistic were as expected, while rejection rates of the scaled test statistic were seriously inflated in several conditions. Conclusions: The defaults in Mplus carry specific risks that are easily checked but not well advertised. Our results also shine a different light on earlier advice on the use of measurement models for shared factors.
Tracking Historical Wetland Changes in the China Side of the Amur River Basin Based on Landsat Imagery and Training Samples Migration
Authors: Zhu Qiande , Wang Yining , Liu Jinxia , Li Xuechun , Pan Hairong , Jia Mingming
Published: June 2021

In the recent decades, development of agricultural and human settlements have severely affected wetlands on the China-side of the Amur River Basin (CARB). A long-term holistic view of spatio-temporal variations of the wetlands on the CARB is essential for supporting sustainable conservation of wetlands in this region. In this study, a training sample migration method along with Random Forest classifier were adopted to map wetland and other land covers from two key seasons image collections. The proposed classification method was applied to Landsat images, and a 30-m resolution dataset was obtained, which reflected the dynamic changes of historical wetland distribution on the CARB region from 1990 to 2010. As the accuracy assessments showed, land cover maps of the CARB had high accuracies. The classification results indicated that the wetland area decreased from 89,432 km2 to 75,061 km2 between 1990 and 2010, with a net loss of 16%, which was mainly converted to paddy field and dry farmland, and the changes were most obvious in Sanjiang Plain and Songnen Plain. This suggests that agricultural activities are the main cause of wetland loss. The results can provide reliable information for the research on wetland management and sustainable development of the society and economy in the CARB.
Fractional Vegetation Cover Estimation Algorithm for FY-3B Reflectance Data Based on Random Forest Regression Method
Authors: Liu Duanyang , Jia Kun , Jiang Haiying , Xia Mu , Tao Guofeng , Wang Bing , Chen Zhulin , Yuan Bo , Li Jie
Published: June 2021

As an important land surface vegetation parameter, fractional vegetation cover (FVC) has been widely used in many Earth system ecological and climate models. In particular, high-quality and reliable FVC products on the global scale are important for the Earth surface process simulation and global change studies. Recently, the FengYun-3 (FY-3) series satellites, which are the second generation of Chinese meteorological satellites, launched with the polar orbit and provide continuous land surface observations on a global scale. However, there is rare studying on the FVC estimation using FY-3 reflectance data. Therefore, the FY-3B reflectance data were selected as the representative data to develop a FVC estimation algorithm in this study, which would investigate the capability of the FY-3 reflectance data on the global FVC estimation. The spatial–temporal validation over the regional area indicated that the FVC estimations generated by the proposed algorithm had reliable continuities. Furthermore, a satisfactory accuracy performance (R2 = 0.7336, RMSE = 0.1288) was achieved for the proposed algorithm based on the Earth Observation LABoratory (EOLAB) reference FVC data, which provided further evidence on the reliability and robustness of the proposed algorithm. All these results indicated that the FY-3 reflectance data were capable of generating a FVC estimation with reliable spatial–temporal continuities and accuracy.
Modelling of Cross-Organisational Cooperation for Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Pachura Aneta
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The objective of the study is to advance the conceptualisation of social entrepreneurship and report the results of empirical research related to the identification of the architecture of the model of interorganisational collaboration for the growth of social entrepreneurship potential at the local level. Research Design and Methods: The research presented in the article is based on a case study performed on an example of the Polish institutional landscape. Multidimensional empirical research methodology was applied in the form of participant observation, analysis of focus group results and business modelling techniques. The literature review contains an analysis of reports from the area of social economy and related fields. Findings: The result of the conducted research is the discovery of primary dimensions of effective interorganisational cooperation in the form of an analogue-representational model. Implication/Recommendations: In the process of strengthening the potential of social entrepreneurship, the cooperation of actors from different organisational fields is a key factor. An appropriate level of social capital is an essential requirement for effective cooperation. Contribution/Value Added: The developed model of cooperation for social entrepreneurship is based on an initiative that is unique and innovative on a national scale and is the result of empirical research. It also seems that the approach presented may be universal and could be extrapolated to other regions and cultural contexts. Article Classification: Research article.
“I Will Not Be Dona Maria”: Rethinking Exploitation and Objectification in the Context of Work and Sex Work
Authors: Blanchette Thaddeus , Da Silva Ana Paula , Camargo Gustavo
Published: June 2021

In many feminist and sociological accounts of sex work, the concept of exploitation resides on the subjacent notion of objectification, codified in the omnipresent belief that the sex worker sells their body. Sexual objectification supposedly indicates the peculiar and particular effect that sex work is supposed to have on the bodies of human beings involved in this form of toil, being one of the keystones for the belief that sex work is inherently exploitative. In the present article, we intend to investigate the canonical concept of objectification and its (ab)uses in the light of a comparative ethnographic study of sex work and other jobs in the service economy in the cities of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) and New Orleans (USA). Our argument is that the concept of sexual objectification has its roots in pre-capitalist morality, encoded in Kantian philosophy, that is hardly applicable to real life in the 21st century. A more general and intersectional understanding of objectification and agency in the broader field of engendered labor relations is necessary for us to understand why people choose to engage in sex work, why laws which see sex work as synonymous with exploitation and slavery must be rethought, and how they might be rethought.
Air Ventilation Performance of School Classrooms with Respect to the Installation Positions of Return Duct
Authors: Son Sungwan , Jang Choon-Man
Published: June 2021

For students, who spend most of their time in school classrooms, it is important to maintain indoor air quality (IAQ) to ensure a comfortable and healthy life. Recently, the ventilation performance for indoor air quality in elementary schools has emerged as an important social issue due to the increase in the number of days of continuous high concentrations of particulate matter. Three-dimensional numerical analysis has been introduced to evaluate the indoor airflow according to the installation location of return diffusers. Considering the possibility of the cross-infection of infectious diseases between students due to the direction of airflow in the classroom, the airflow angles of the average respiratory height range of elementary school students, between 1.0 and 1.5 m, are analyzed. Throughout the numerical analysis inside the classroom, it is found that the floor return system reduces the indoor horizontal airflow that causes cross-infection among students by 20% compared to the upper return systems. Air ventilation performance is also analyzed in detail using the results of numerical simulation, including streamlines, temperature and the age of air.
Infrastructure Public–Private Partnership (PPP) Investment and Government Fiscal Expenditure on Science and Technology from the Perspective of Sustainability
Authors: Liu Chang
Published: June 2021

In the environment of the continuous development of the Public–Private Partnership (PPP) model, China’s “dual circulation” development pattern orientation and “new normal” economic development reform provide the foundation for the development of the PPP model in the field of infrastructure. A good government investment structure and governance environment will help to improve the financial sustainability of infrastructure investment. This paper studies the mechanism of the relationship between fiscal expenditure on science and technology and the development of infrastructure PPP models based on the data of provincial PPP projects in the World Bank database and carries out an empirical analysis. The results show that the positive effect of government fiscal expenditure on science and technology and the development of the infrastructure PPP model in local regions is significant. In addition, intergovernmental competition within the political system of China will have a restraining effect on this relationship. This has certain theoretical and practical significance for the construction and implementation of the mechanism underlying intergovernmental behavior and the infrastructure PPP model.
Smart Lighting Application for Energy Saving and User Well-Being in the Residential Environment
Authors: Soheilian Moe , Fischl Géza , Aries Myriam
Published: June 2021

The idea of smart lighting has emerged over the years in commercial and industrial environments, with a focus on energy saving. With the advancement in technology, smart lighting can now offer opportunities in addition to energy saving to users in home environments for the provision of a comfortable atmosphere and the maintenance of user well-being. Currently, research in the smart lighting field is predominantly dedicated to energy saving in non-residential environments; meanwhile, the residential environments have not been explored. Therefore, a literature review was conducted to provide an overview of smart lighting systems’ effect on energy and well-being in the residential environment. Current research is mostly limited to designing and developing a smart lighting system in a controlled environment, with a limited evaluation of well-being and comfort. The review shows that residential smart lighting application possibilities and opportunities are not widely and thoroughly explored.
Value-Based Building Maintenance Practices for Public Hospitals in Malaysia
Authors: Wong Wai Fang , Olanrewaju AbdulLateef , Lim Poh Im
Published: June 2021

Public hospital buildings in Malaysia have been facing problems and have become subjects of public criticisms due to poor building maintenance practices. A value-based approach which integrates and assimilates the concepts of value can be applied to mitigate maintenance problems in hospital buildings. This study evaluated the causal relationships between value factors and value outcomes of building maintenance in public hospitals in Malaysia. A total of 66 samples were collected via an online questionnaire survey. Analysis was performed using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Our results reveal that value-adding practices and value co-creation have a positive influence on value outcomes in hospitals. The findings, however, do not support the relationships between factors of user involvement and value outcomes, which merit further investigation. This study concludes that value-adding practice has the strongest impact on value outcomes. Thus, maintenance service providers should assimilate these practices in their services to enhance performance. In addition, the findings also justify the requirement for collaborative working arrangements for value co-creation of building maintenance.
Development and Validation of User Experience-Based E-Learning Acceptance Model for Sustainable Higher Education
Authors: Zardari Baqar Ali , Hussain Zahid , Arain Aijaz Ahmed , Rizvi Wajid H. , Vighio Muhammad Saleem
Published: June 2021

E-learning is a convenient way of learning through a portal. E-learning is being increasingly adopted in the world; however, the factors that influence the intention of users for accepting the e-learning technology have not been sufficiently explored, particularly in developing countries. Although many e-learning acceptance models do exist, the research on a user experience (UX)-based e-learning acceptance model is still lacking. As UX is one of the crucial factors for the acceptance of an e-learning portal, this research study aims to develop and validate a UX-based e-learning acceptance framework for sustainable higher education. In this connection, a web-based responsive e-learning portal for university students has been developed. The portal can be accessed from anywhere, at any time, and on any device, making the learning sustainable. The UX-based e-learning acceptance framework is developed by integrating the selected constructs of a widely accepted UX model, technology acceptance model (TAM), and four well-known constructs from various technology acceptance models. The constructs are appeal, pleasure, satisfaction, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, information quality, self-efficacy, social influence, benefits, and behavioral intention, which can predict the intentions of the students for acceptance of the e-learning portal. The data were collected from 650 university students using online and manual questionnaires. After data screening, 513 valid responses were further analyzed using structural equation modeling. According to the results, the framework fits the data well. The constructs satisfaction, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, information quality, self-efficacy, social influence, and benefits have a statistically significant effect on the behavioral intention of the students regarding the acceptance of the e-learning portal. The construct perceived ease of use has a statistical significant impact on perceived usefulness and pleasure. The construct appeal has a statistical significant impact on pleasure and satisfaction. Similarly, the construct pleasure has also a positive statistical significant impact on satisfaction. This research study contributes to the e-learning acceptance models by developing and validating the UX-based e-learning acceptance framework for sustainable higher education. The framework provides important insights for the acceptance of university based e-learning portals in the context of developing countries.
Assessment of the Retromolar Canal in Taiwan Subpopulation: A Cross-Sectional Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study in a Medical Center
Authors: Shen Yen-Wen , Chang Wan-Chun , Huang Heng-Li , Tsai Ming-Tzu , Fuh Lih-Jyh , Hsu Jui-Ting
Published: June 2021

The retromolar canal is an anatomical variation that occurs in the mandibular bone. The retromolar canal typically originates in the mandibular canal on the distal side of the third molar and extends forward and upward to the retromolar foramen (RMF), which contains the neurovascular bundle. Accidentally damaging the neurovascular bundle in the retromolar canal during the extraction of the third molar, dental implant surgery, or maxillofacial orthognathic surgery may lead to subsequent complications such as incomplete local anesthesia, paresthesia, and bleeding during operation. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the RMF in the Taiwanese population in a medical center by using dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to identify the position of the RMF in the mandibular bone. The dental CBCT images for the mandibular bone of 68 hemi-mandible were uploaded to the medical imaging software Mimics 15.1 to determine the prevalence of the RMF in the Taiwanese population and the three positional parameters of the RMF in the mandibular bone: (1) The diameter of the RMF, (2) the horizontal distance from the midpoint of the RMF to the distal cementoenamel junction of the second molar, and (3) the vertical distance from the midpoint of the RMF to the upper border of the mandibular canal. Seven RMFs were observed in the 68 hemi-mandibles. Thus, the RMF prevalence was 10.3%. In addition, the diameter of the RMF was 1.41 ± 0.30 mm (mean ± standard deviation), the horizontal distance from the midpoint of the RMF to the distal cementoenamel junction of the the second molar was 12.93 ± 2.87 mm, and the vertical distance from the midpoint of the RMF to the upper border of the mandibular canal below second molar was 13.62 ± 1.3487 mm. This study determined the prevalence of the RMF in the Taiwanese population in a medical center and its relative position in the mandibular bone. This information can provide clinicians with a reference for posterior mandible anesthesia and surgery to ensure medical safety.
Possibilities for an Aerial Biosphere in Temperate Sub Neptune-Sized Exoplanet Atmospheres
Authors: Seager Sara , Petkowski Janusz , Günther Maximilian , Bains William , Mikal-Evans Thomas , Deming Drake
Published: June 2021

The search for signs of life through the detection of exoplanet atmosphere biosignature gases is gaining momentum. Yet, only a handful of rocky exoplanet atmospheres are suitable for observation with planned next-generation telescopes. To broaden prospects, we describe the possibilities for an aerial, liquid water cloud-based biosphere in the atmospheres of sub Neptune-sized temperate exoplanets, those receiving Earth-like irradiation from their host stars. One such planet is known (K2-18b) and other candidates are being followed up. Sub Neptunes are common and easier to study observationally than rocky exoplanets because of their larger sizes, lower densities, and extended atmospheres or envelopes. Yet, sub Neptunes lack any solid surface as we know it, so it is worthwhile considering whether their atmospheres can support an aerial biosphere. We review, synthesize, and build upon existing research. Passive microbial-like life particles must persist aloft in a region with liquid water clouds for long enough to metabolize, reproduce, and spread before downward transport to lower altitudes that may be too hot for life of any kind to survive. Dynamical studies are needed to flesh out quantitative details of life particle residence times. A sub Neptune would need to be a part of a planetary system with an unstable asteroid belt in order for meteoritic material to provide nutrients, though life would also need to efficiently reuse and recycle metals. The origin of life may be the most severe limiting challenge. Regardless of the uncertainties, we can keep an open mind to the search for biosignature gases as a part of general observational studies of sub Neptune exoplanets.
Different Non-Structural Carbohydrates/Crude Proteins (NCS/CP) Ratios in Diet Shape the Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Water Buffalo
Authors: Paradiso Rubina , Borriello Giorgia , Bolletti Censi Sergio , Salzano Angela , Cimmino Roberta , Galiero Giorgio , Fusco Giovanna , De Carlo Esterina , Campanile Giuseppe
Published: June 2021

The microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are crucial for host health and production efficiency in ruminants. Its microbial composition can be influenced by several endogenous and exogenous factors. In the beef and dairy industry, the possibility to manipulate gut microbiota by diet and management can have important health and economic implications. The aims of this study were to characterize the different GIT site microbiota in water buffalo and evaluate the influence of diet on GIT microbiota in this animal species. We characterized and compared the microbiota of the rumen, large intestine and feces of water buffaloes fed two different diets with different non-structural carbohydrates/crude proteins (NSC/CP) ratios. Our results indicated that Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the most abundant phyla in all the GIT sites, with significant differences in microbiota composition between body sites both within and between groups. This result was particularly evident in the large intestine, where beta diversity analysis displayed clear clustering of samples depending on the diet. Moreover, we found a difference in diet digestibility linked to microbiota modification at the GIT level conditioned by NSC/CP levels. Diet strongly influences GIT microbiota and can therefore modulate specific GIT microorganisms able to affect the health status and performance efficiency of adult animals.
Nonlinear Sorption of Organic Contaminant during Two-Dimensional Transport in Saturated Sand
Authors: Lee Sang-Gil , Lee Soonjae , Choi Jae-Woo
Published: June 2021

Multi-dimensional transport studies are necessary in order to better explain the fate of contaminants in groundwater. In this study, a two-dimensional transport experiment with organic contaminants in saturated sand was conducted to investigate the migration of the organic contaminant plume in multi-dimensional flow conditions. The transport test was conducted using toluene as a model organic contaminant in a saturated sand box under steady flow conditions. The initial plume was generated via injection at a point source. After 24 h, the plume distribution was delineated by interpolating toluene concentrations in the porewater samples. The mass centers of the toluene and the conservative tracer were almost coincident, but the size of the toluene plume was significantly reduced in longitudinal as well as transversal directions. The appropriateness of several types of sorption models were compared to describe the toluene sorption in two-dimensional transport system using numerical modeling. Among the sorption models, the Langmuir model was found to be the most appropriate to describe the sorption of toluene during two-dimensional transport. The results showed that two-dimensional experiments are better than one-dimensional column experiments in identifying the adsorption characteristics that occur during transport in saturated aquifers.
Size Spectra of Pelagic Fish Populations in a Deep Lake—Methodological Comparison between Hydroacoustics and Midwater Trawling
Authors: Braun Lisa-Marie , Mehner Thomas
Published: June 2021

Net sampling by trawling and hydroacoustics was used to methodologically compare size spectra (SS) of the pelagic fish community in a deep lake across 12 years of sampling. Hydroacoustic SS were generated based on either single-echo detections (SEDs) or tracked-echo groups (TEGs) from 20 cross-lake transects. Trawl SS were obtained by a midwater trawl in four pelagic depth layers. All SS were derived from maximum likelihood estimations of exponent b of a continuous fish body mass distribution. The arithmetic mean exponent b was similar for all methods, and there were no significant differences of b among the three methods across years. However, visual inspection indicated that the SS differed considerably between trawling and hydroacoustics in some of the years, primarily when high densities of 0+ coregonid fishes were strongly spatially aggregated and hence caught by the trawl. Accordingly, there was no correlation between SS generated by trawling and hydroacoustics. In contrast, SS generated by SEDs and TEGs were significantly correlated, indicating reliability and reproducibility of obtaining SS by hydroacoustics. The SS estimated by TEGs revealed a positive trend of exponent b over the years since 2005, potentially reflecting the recent eutrophication of Lake Stechlin, which may lead to higher fish growth rates. We conclude that hydroacoustics may help to generate more precise SS of the pelagic fish community in our study lake than midwater trawling. However, the truthfulness of SS estimates cannot be evaluated because of the inherent difficulty in determining the true densities and sizes of fishes in lakes.
Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources of the Largest Hydropower Plant Reservoir in Southeast Brazil
Authors: Mello Carlos R. , Vieira Nayara P. A. , Guzman Jorge A. , Viola Marcelo R. , Beskow Samuel , Alvarenga Lívia A.
Published: June 2021

Approximately 70% of all the electric energy produced in Brazil comes from hydropower plants. In this context, the Grande River Basin (GRB) stands out in Brazil. Some studies have been carried out to investigate the impacts of climate change in tropical regions to support water resources’ management and planning. This study aims to project the changes in the runoff that feed the Furnas Hydropower Plant (FHP) reservoir (GRB-Furnas basin), the largest and most important facility in Southeast Brazil. The lavras simulation of hydrology model (LASH) was used to project the impacts on runoff and hydrological droughts over the century in GRB-Furnas. The regional climate models (RCMs) Eta-HadGEM-ES, Eta-MIROC5, and Eta-CanESM2 forced the LASH model from 2007 to 2099, taking the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. LASH simulated the runoff adequately for the baseline period (1961–2005) using the RCMs’ outputs. A noticeable reduction in precipitation was identified in the wet season, especially in the 2007–2040 period for RCP4.5 and in the 2071–2099 period for RCP8.5. As a result, a significant reduction in the runoff, mainly in the baseflow, and an increase in droughts’ severity were projected throughout the XXI Century, which may compromise the water security to the FHP reservoir.
The role of the nurse in providing practice medical care in pancreatitis
Authors: GARANINA Lilia Andreevna , NAZAROV Artem Aleksandrovich
Published: June 2021

The article presents data showing that the number of patients with chronic gastroenterological diseases is growing every year. Only 40 % of patients manage to achieve complete disappearance of symptoms and the onset of recovery. In 60 % of patients, drug therapy can temporarily weaken the manifestations of the disease. Often the consequence of the transition of the disease into a chronic form is self-medication, which only aggravates the course of the disease, bringing only a temporary improvement in the patient’s condition. Modern diagnostic methods in gastroenterology (ultrasound diagnostics, esophagoscopy, gastroscopy, laparoscopy, rectoscopy, radiological examinations, a large number of laboratory techniques, and others) make it possible to identify diseases of the digestive system in the early stages and to carry out effective prevention and treatment.
Formação profissional: cuidado ao paciente oncológico sem possibilidade terapêutica na Atenção Básica
Authors: Flores Thamires Graciela , Silva Kauana Flores da , Giaretton Daynah Waihrich Leal , Weiller Teresinha Heck , Pucci Vanessa Rodrigues
Published: June 2021

Objeto: formação profissional para o cuidado ao paciente sem possibilidade terapêutica na atenção básica. Objetivo: O presente estudo objetivou discutir a formação de profissionais da rede de Atenção Básica na atuação com pacientes oncológicos sem possibilidades terapêuticas, tendo em vista a demanda apresentada no campo da saúde em relação a esses pacientes e o desafio da estruturação de uma linha de cuidado que proporcione a integralidade da atenção aos mesmos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio de entrevistas com profissionais de saúde da região oeste de Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul e Unidade de Pronto de Atendimento e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 85 profissionais de saúde e observou-se que os profissionais da rede de Atenção Básica não se sentem qualificados para atender os pacientes oncológicos sem possibilidades terapêuticas, devido à formação profissional e a qualificação para o trabalho não atenderem esta demanda. Conclusão: Os cursos de graduação e de formação de profissional da área da saúde, bem como os gestores através das capacitações na rede de Atenção Básica, devem atentar para essa nova necessidade no campo da saúde.

Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde, Saúde Pública, Oncologia, Cuidados Paliativos.
Grupo de autocuidado em hanseníase: benefícios na participação e resistências na adesão
Authors: Barbosa Samara de Oliveira , Medina Flávia Santos
Published: June 2021

Objetivos: Descrever a limitação de atividades e a participação social de indivíduos com hanseníase antes e após participação em grupo de autocuidado, bem como os benefícios obtidos na participação no grupo e analisar a não adesão dos demais pacientes. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com abordagem quanti-qualitativa com 18 pacientes em tratamento para hanseníase, atendidos e acompanhados em um centro de saúde em Palmas – Tocantins. Os dados foram coletados no período de março a dezembro de 2018 por meio do Questionário de Identificação, Escalas SALSA e Participação Social, e Entrevista Semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa Statistical Package For Social Sciences (SPSS) e as entrevistas por meio de Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: Embora a adesão ao grupo de autocuidado tenha sido baixa, a participação no mesmo contribuiu para redução dos escores das escalas Salsa e Participação Social e proporcionou aos pacientes conhecimento sobre a doença, troca de saberes, socialização, criação de vínculo, melhora da autonomia, do autocuidado e dos fatores emocionais. Conclusão: A limitação de atividades e a participação social dos pacientes podem ser prejudicadas pela hanseníase, entretanto, o grupo de autocuidado auxilia o paciente a lidar melhor com a doença.
Study of changes in the strength of connection between grey cattle cows and their offspring after weaning
Authors: Lenner Ádám , Ragán Péter , Komlósi István
Published: June 2021

It is important to minimize stress for cattle because of animal welfare and profitability. This study aims to reveal how long after abrupt weaning the cow and her offspring show a need to rebuild the connection if physical barriers are removed and distances disappear. The research was carried out on Szamárhát Farm owned by the Tiszatáj Foundation, Hungary. In the autumn of 2019, thirty-one calves were weaned, randomly selected from 81 grey cattle cows’ offspring. The oldest calf was 10 months old, while the youngest one was 6 months old on the day of weaning. They were divided into three groups and reunited with the cows during the first, third, and fifth weeks after weaning. Each reunion happened in the early afternoon and the cow and her offspring spent 24 hours together again. The formation and the strength of the connection were recorded for an hour three times during this period, first in the afternoon, then in the morning, and the next afternoon. It can be seen that both parties showed the need to form the connection during the first week after weaning because the bond made between them was obvious in a short time. The connections proved to be strong. However, neither the cows nor their offsprings showed any intention to form strong connections in the third and fifth weeks. In the majority of the cases, no connection was formed.
Examination of the effect of pelleted poultry manure products on a sunflower test plant in a laboratory model experiment
Authors: Gorliczay Edit , Szöllősi Nikolett , Kiss Nikolett Éva , Tóth Florence , Tamás János , Nagy Péter Tamás
Published: June 2021

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the most important oil plants in Hungary, with a sown area of more than 627.000 ha in 2019. Sunflower cultivation is primarily important for use in the oil industry, but its role in feed and beekeeping cannot be neglected either. Sunflower adapts well to different production areas in terms of soil demand, yet, as important fact, it must be grown on soils with poorer conditions with intensive nutrient replenishment. From the agri-environmental point of view, in addition to the use of pelleted poultry manure products, which are also new to the consumer market, is of paramount importance. Their advantages include a wide range of nutrients as well as a soil structure improving effect.
In our research, we investigated the starter effect of pelleted poultry manure products applied at different doses (200 kg ha-1 and 400 kg ha-1) on sandy soil with humus using a sunflower plant. The aim of our research to investigate the effect of using pelleted fertilizer products as starter fertilizers on sunflower plant germination, and investigate the effect of poultry manure products on soils.
Based on our results, it can be stated that the pigment content (chlorophyll and carotenoid content) was positively influenced by the higher dose treatments (400 kg ha-1), thus increasing the photosynthetically active leaf area. Compared to the control, the carotenoid content in the test plants of the treatments increased, and the differences of this treatment proved to be significant (p<0.05). Our experiments supported the beneficial effect of pelleted poultry manure-based products in the soil-plant system.
effect of dissolved oxygen on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and basil (Ocimum basilicum) in the aquaponics system
Authors: Homoki Dávid , Odunayo Toviho , Minya Dániel , Kovács László , Lelesz Judit , Bársony Péter , Fehér Milán , Kövics György , Stündl László
Published: June 2021

Aquaponics is an integrated system that combines fish farming (aquaculture) and hydroponic plant production. The objective of this study was to examine how the level of dissolved oxygen with or without an air pump affects water quality, fish output and plant growth parameters for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and basil (Ocimum basilicum).
Ebb – and flood aquaponics systems (with automatic syphon) was used. Two treatments were set in this experiment, one of which was the aquaponics system without air pump (unit I), where water of the plant bed was pumped two directions, one falling back to the fish tank oxygenating the water the other was pumped to the hydroponics unit. The other system (unit II) was designed with an air pump.
In the course of the study, water quality parameters, such as oxygen saturation, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC) and nitrite were significantly different (p<0.05). Total basil biomass was higher in unit II. (5367.41 g). The final biomass of common carp were 2829.45 g ± 79.24 and 2980.6 g ± 64.13 g in unit I and unit II respectively. Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) showed no significant differences (p>0.05) between the treatments.
A review on the trend of livestock breeds in Laos
Authors: Xayalath Somsy , Mujitaba Malam Abulbashar , Ortega Art David Sol Valmoria , Rátky József
Published: June 2021

When the livestock sector is considered an essential role in farmers' livelihood, and local breeds are still the critical component of animal breeding in Laos. Thus, there is a need to review the previous, current situation and prospects for Laos' livestock production. It aimed to study the different traits among the existing dominant local and improved livestock breeds (cattle, pig, and goat) and a more in-depth study on the livestock sector's previous evolving and prospects. Our findings revealed that the general trend of livestock population in Laos increased year-by-year for over 45 years, except for 1995 to 2000. It was decreased by almost 22% due to the new national strategy on economic revolution.  The first foreign breeds were introduced into Laos, i.e., Large White, Landrace, and Duroc in 1980, Red Sindhi bulls in 1998, the frozen semen of Red Brahman 2003, and Bach Thao goats between 2001 to 2003. Unfortunately, many data are still not precise for introducing other foreign breeds like Boer goats, Thai Grey and Red Brahman. There were many missing data on the improvement of livestock breeds in Laos, including the local and improved breeds' reproductive and productive performance, which needs more study and research. We conclude that the semi-complex farm operation should be applied to improve livestock breeding and their productions in Laos.
A pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil favoreceu o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados? / COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil favored the consumption of ultra-processed foods?
Authors: Raphaelli Chirle Oliveira , De Figueiredo Marta Figueiredo , Pereira Elisa dos Santos , Granada Graziele Guimarães
Published: June 2021

Com todas as restrições impostas pela pandemia de COVID-19 à população brasileira, é esperado que muitos comportamentos de saúde se modifiquem, incluindo hábitos relacionados à alimentação. Entretanto, não se sabe ao certo se a maior permanência da população em casa possibilitou a melhora ou piora dos hábitos alimentares. Assim, objetiva-se investigar o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados por brasileiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Este estudo investigou o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura com busca eletrônica no PubMed, Lilacs e SciELO e com aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão. A busca resultou em 96 artigos e após seleções, 7 artigos foram selecionados para inclusão na revisão sendo, 6 transversais e 1 coorte. Os estudos transversais demonstraram alto consumo de AUP ou aumento neste consumo durante a pandemia, especialmente em adolescentes, residentes nas regiões Norte e Nordeste do país por pessoas com menor escolaridade. Este estudo evidenciou aumento no consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados pelo brasileiro durante o período da quarentena devido ao isolamento, para evitar o contágio da COVID-19.
A eficácia da acupuntura no tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica: ensaio clínico randomizado/ The effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of systemic arterial hypertension: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rochadel Daniel Ullmann , Barbisan Juarez Neuhaus , Goldmeier Silvia
Published: June 2021

A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) reconhece a acupuntura como intervenção terapêutica em seres humanos em algumas condições clínicas e já é comprovada como no tratamento da dor. Porém, em algumas patologias, como a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, ainda necessita de evidências científicas. Objetivos: Verificar a eficácia de uma técnica de acupuntura em pacientes hipertensos. Material e Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado controlado por placebo realizado no período de abril de 2018 a outubro de 2018. Pacientes hipertensos, conforme critério da Sociedade Brasileiros de Cardiologia, foram randomizados para o grupo controle acupuntura (grupo 1) e acupuntura sham - placebo (grupo 2). Na intervenção foi usada a Acupuntura Tradicional Chinesa com 9 agulhas, nos pontos IG4, Pc6, C7, F3 e VG20. O grupo 2 - Acupuntura sham (placebo) as agulhas foram inseridas em regiões que não apresentam pontos regulares definidos nos meridianos. A Monitorização Ambulatorial de Pressão Arterial foi utilizada para monitorar a PA e avaliar o efeito da sessão de acupuntura em 3, 6 e 24 horas. As variáveis foram expressas em percentual ou valor absoluto; as contínuas como média ± desvio padrão ou mediana e intervalo interquartil e análise de variância será utilizado. Resultados: Cem pacientes ingressaram no estudo. 86 pacientes que concluíram. A média de idade 59(± 10.10) anos de idade. 65(75,5%) mulheres, sendo 46 (54%) do grupo intervenção (verun). Observou-se PAS do grupo intervenção nas horas de  análises foram em 3, 6 e 24 horas, respectivamente reduzindo a PAS em 1,64 mmHg; 9,55mmHg; 6,24mmHg mais baixo que o grupo controle com “p” significativo nas horas 3,6 e 24, enquanto a PAD do grupo intervenção reduziu em 3, 6 e 24 horas, respectivamente 3,98mmHg, 10,23mmHg, 6,7mmHg mais baixo também relação ao grupo controle com “p” significativo nas horas 6 e 24. Conclusões: Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que a acupuntura pode diminuir a pressão arterial em pacientes com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica. Foi estatisticamente significativa nos grupos de intervenção na sexta hora até a vigésima quarta hora.
Revisão integrativa da literatura sobre o aumento no consumo de psicotrópicos em transtornos mentais como a depressão / Integrative review of the literature on the increase in consumption of psychotropics in mental disorders like depression
Authors: Quemel Gleicy Kelly China , Da Silva Erociara Pinheiro , Conceição Wellington Rocha , Gomes Maurício Ferreira , Rivera Juan Gonzalo Bardalez , Quemel Glenda Keyla China
Published: June 2021

O uso de psicotrópicos é um tema que preocupa a maioria dos profissionais da área da saúde e das autoridades sanitárias, pois o consumo vem aumentando gradativamente nos últimos tempos. A importância de estudos que abrangem essa temática justifica-se pela possibilidade dos pacientes serem orientados não só a respeito da melhor modalidade terapêutica para seu caso, mas também em relação à correta utilização destes medicamentos, visto que o uso mal orientado de psicofármacos envolve sérios riscos de agravos além da dependência. Dentro desse contexto o presente estudo objetiva realizar uma revisão integrativa da com apoio da análise documental de Bardin, cuja pergunta norteadora foi “Quais os motivos do consumo de Psicotrópicos em doenças como a Depressão?”. A busca pelas literaturas se deu na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, na biblioteca eletrônica do SCIELO e na base de dados MEDLINE. Os descritores utilizados, indexados no DeCS, foram :[psicotrópicos], [depressão], [antidepressivos] e [Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias]. Os critérios de inclusão foram: literaturas completas e disponíveis nos idiomas inglês e português no período de 2015 a abril de 2021, e exclusas literaturas duplicadas e pagas. A seleção resultou no total de 25 literaturas, em 56% abordaram sobre farmacologia dos medicamentos psicotrópicos; interações medicamentosas envolvendo medicamentos sujeitos a controle especial pela portaria 344/98 da ANVISA, depressão e o aumento de diagnósticos significativos nos últimos anos, 12% a sobre o novo Corona Vírus, e 32% retratam possíveis comorbidades associadas a depressão. Com base no que foi analisado neste estudo pode-se perceber a relevância dos medicamentos psicotrópicos para o tratamento dos pacientes portadores de transtorno mental como a depressão, um mal que atinge o ser humano independente de raça, cor, gênero, sexo, idade e classe econômica, assim como o aumento do consumo dessa classe de medicamentos, que podem causar dependência química e efeitos colaterais. Portanto, é necessário um cuidado especial aos pacientes que usam os psicotrópicos, a fim de que a terapia medicamentosa oferecida seja segura e racional.
A relevância do Telemonitoramento para hipertensos: uma revisão integrativa/ The relevance of Telemonitoring for hypertensive patients: an integrative review
Authors: Costa Kalliza Kary Rodrigues da , Correia Dayse Mary da Silva
Published: June 2021

A hipertensão arterial representa um importante problema de saúde pública, culminando em um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. O uso do telemonitoramento se enquadra como um importante direcionamento e ferramenta a ser inserido nos programas e políticas de saúde no contexto da hipertensão arterial, visando o controle da pressão arterial e consequentemente a diminuição de desfechos adversos. Portanto, o objetivo foi analisar evidências científicas acerca da relevância e barreiras no telemonitoramento de hipertensos. Método: revisão integrativa, realizada em fevereiro de 2021. Para tal, utilizou-se os descritores em português, inglês e espanhol pra “hipertensão” e “telemonitoramento”, nas bases de dados, LILACS, MEDILINE e SCOPUS. Resultados: dos 139 artigos selecionados, foram incluídos 10 estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Na análise foram agrupados em dois eixos “A relevância do telemonitoramento para o grupo de hipertensos” e as “Barreiras que dificultam o telemonitoramento”. Considerações Finais: o telemonitoramento se faz como uma abordagem promissora não limitada ao gerenciamento da doença, mas do indivíduo em si, especialmente àqueles em situações de alto risco de descompensação.
Researchers’ and Research Users’ Experiences With and Reasons for Working Together in Spinal Cord Injury Research Partnerships: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hoekstra Femke , Schaefer Lee , Athanasopoulos Peter , Gainforth Heather L.
Published: June 2021

Background: Research partnership approaches are becoming popular within spinal cord injury (SCI) health research system, providing opportunities to explore experiences of and learn from SCI research partnership champions. This study aimed to explore and describe SCI researchers’ and research users’ (RU’) experiences with and reasons for conducting and/or disseminating (health) research in partnership in order to gain more insight into potentially ways to build capacity for and foster change to support research partnerships within a health research system. Methods: Underpinned by a pragmatic perspective, ten semi-structured timeline interviews were conducted with researchers and RU who have experiences with SCI research partnerships. Interviews focused on experiences in participants’ lives that have led them to become a person who conducts and/or disseminates research in partnership. Data were analysed using narrative thematic analysis. Results: We identified three threads from participants’ stories: (1) seeing and valuing different perspectives, (2) inspirational role models, and (3) relational and personal aspect of research partnerships. We identified sub-threads related to experiences that participants draw on how they came to be a person who engage in (health) research partnerships, and sub-threads related to participants’ reasons for engaging in research partnerships. While most sub-threads were identified from both researchers’ and RU’ perspectives (eg, partnership successes and failures), some were unique for researchers (morally the right thing to do) or RU (advocating). Conclusion: Using a narrative and pragmatic approach, this study provided a new understanding of SCI researchers’ and RU’ partnership experiences over time. We found that participants’ research partnership experiences and motivations align with components of leadership theories. The findings from this study may be used to inform strategies and policy programs to build capacity for conducting and disseminating (health) research in partnership, within and beyond SCI research.