bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
English Teacher Motivation and Students’ Perspectives in Japanese Secondary Schools
Authors: Suemori Saki
Published: August 2022

An important finding in motivation research is that teachers greatly influence students (e.g., Kikuchi & Sakai, 2016). As studies focusing on language teacher psychology have increased (e.g., Haukås & Mercer, 2021), more have examined teacher motivation, including what motivates and demotivates teachers (e.g., Kassabgy et al., 2001). However, these studies have focused on the teachers’ perspectives, and few have examined how teachers interact with students in the classroom. This study fills this gap through semi-structured interviews with teachers, classroom observations, and focus group interviews with students, with all data collected longitudinally over one academic year. The findings indicate that teachers had clear goals, and their teaching was based on these objectives. Students also had positive attitudes toward their teachers and classes, and reported that their teachers had a positive influence on their learning.

これまでの動機づけ研究によって、教師が学習者に対して多いに影響を与えることが明らかになりつつある（例： Kikuchi & Sakai, 2016）。その結果として、教師の心理に焦点を置く研究が増加しており（例：Haukås & Mercer, 2021）、教師の動機づけ研究も行われつつある。例えば、何によって教師の動機づけが増大、減退するのかが調査されている（例：Kassabgy et al., 2001）。しかしながら、これまでの研究は教師の視点に焦点を置くものが中心であり、教師が実際どのように教え、また学習者に影響を与えているかについて調査している研究は限られている。よって、本研究は、教師対象の半構造化インタビュー、授業観察、生徒対象のフォーカスグループインタビューを1年間にわたって実施した。結果として、今回の参加者である教師は明確な目標を持ち、それに基づいて教えていることが明らかとなった。生徒は教師や授業に対して肯定的であり、良い影響を受けているようであった。
Looking Back, Thinking Forward: Literature in Language Teaching Forum
Authors: McIlroy Tara
Published: August 2022

This paper reports on a SIG forum at the JALT conference that featured six presentations on topics related to literature and creative writing in the language classroom. All of the presentations had practical applications and each section of this paper gives a short summary of the presentation and justification for the approaches used. The six projects described in this paper are: pandemic reading, using non-canonical literature, Japanese literature, poetry writing, translingual creative writing, and students publishing literary works. In the forum, the presenters reflected on the benefits of literature during the 2020 academic year, along with describing new and innovative practices for using literature for language learning. The forum themes were discussed further in the Q & A session at the end of the session, and the paper concludes with some reflections on these emerging themes.

本稿では、JALTのSIGフォーラムにおいて、言語クラスにおける文学と創作に関連するトピックについて6つのプレゼンテーションを行ったことについて、その内容を報告するものである。行われたすべてのプレゼンテーションは実用的なものであり、本論文の各セクションにおいて、発表の簡単な要約と使用されたアプローチの正当性を述べている。本稿で紹介するのは、パンデミック・リーディング、非正典文学の利用、日本文学、詩作、トランスリンガル創作、生徒による作品発表の6つのプロジェクトである。フォーラムでは、発表者が2020年度の文学の効用を振り返るとともに、文学を言語学習に活用するための新しい革新的な実践について説明した。フォーラムのテーマは、セッションの最後に行われた質疑応答でさらに議論され、本稿はこれらの新たなテーマについての考察で締めくくられている。
Using Technology to Assess Interactive Skills in a Speaking Test
Authors: Petersen Jacob
Published: August 2022

A pilot test was created to measure Japanese student English conversation abilities through a grant-funded study. One of the goals of this project was supporting the administration and scoring of the test through the innovative use of technology. We describe how the test was developed using backward design, the use of multimedia in the test questions, and how assessment was conducted by watching recordings of student tests. The future direction of the project goals are also explained.
日本人の英会話能力を測定するための試行テストが、助成金を受けた研究によって作成された。このプロジェクトの目標の一つは、テクノロジーの革新的な利用によって、テストの実施と採点を支援することである。本論文では、バックワードデザインを用いたテストの開発方法、テスト問題へのマルチメディアの利用、録画された学生のテストの視聴による評価の実施方法について説明する。また、プロジェクト目標の今後の方向性について説明する。
Benefits of SEL in a Foreign Language and Exam Preparation Class
Authors: Hashimoto Natasha
Published: August 2022

This paper describes the classroom context and challenges that led me to include social-emotional learning (SEL) in my teaching in the English as a foreign language learning context in a Japanese university. I discuss specific strategies and activities I utilized in an online course with a group of English language majors and share some, largely positive, outcomes of the approach. The SEL practices are known to include strategies that allow learners to increase their social awareness and self-awareness, participate in responsible decision making, self-manage, and manage their relationships with others. However, unlike in typically implemented school-wide SEL curricula and programs (CASEL, n.d.; Elias et al., 1997), the approach I utilized meant introducing only a handful of activities and strategies in the classroom. Nevertheless, the findings show that most students found the strategies beneficial.   
本稿は、私が日本の大学で英語を教える際に、社会性と情動の学習方法（SEL）を取り入れるに至った背景と課題について述べる。また、英語専攻の大学生を対象としたオンラインコースで私が活用した具体的な戦略とアクティビティについて述べ、そのアプローチによるいくつかの、主に肯定的な結果について共有する。SELの実践には、学習者が社会性や自己認識力を高め、責任ある意思決定に参加し、自己管理し、他者との関係を管理するための戦略が含まれている。基本的に、SELプログラムは全校規模で実施されるもの（CASEL, n.d.; Elias et al., 1997）であるが、今回はそのうち一部の活動や戦略のみを教室で導入した。それにもかかわらずほとんどの学生が当該ストラテジーを有益だと感じていることがわかった。
Using Transcription and Conversation Analysis for
a Learner of Japanese
Authors: Martin Jeffrey
Published: August 2022

Conversation analysis (CA) is used by a growing number of SLA researchers for tracing L2 interaction. But an opportune benefit to L2 learners would be to present CA-inspired notation of L2 interaction back to them for their own learning. This paper details learning opportunities that occurred within a process centered on interactions between one speaker of Japanese as a second language (JSL) and two native Japanese interlocutors; these interactions were transcribed, analyzed, and then later discussed to check interpretation. Emergent findings included marked divergences of mutual understanding that continued in parallel between the interactants. The characteristic of dropping reference markers in Japanese became salient, and the JSL speaker reported using this awareness to refine his sensitivity for anticipating them during conversation. The outcomes of the study provide support for CA-inspired pedagogic strategies, such as having L2 learners analyze their own L2 interaction and discuss what emerges with peers.
会話分析（CA）は、L2の相互作用を見極めるためにますます多くのSLA研究者によって使用されている。一方で、L2学習者にCAからの調査結果を提示することでL2上達を促すという利点もある。本研究では、第二言語としての日本語（JSL）話者一名と日本語母語話者二名との対話の相互作用についてのCAを詳述した。相互作用の抜粋は、その後のディスカッションで使用するためにCAの書き起こしを介して提示した。分析された会話から浮かび上がった点は、当該話者間で並行して続いた相互理解の著しい相違である。その主な原因として、日本語は主語を省略できるという特徴が考えられる。JSLの話者は、日本語の会話の中で省略されている主語を予測するための感度を向上させるのに、CAの書き起こしが役立ったと報告した。本研究はより広い意味で、L2学習者にとって書き起こしを使用する学習方法が有効であることを裏付けた。
Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading
Authors: Weiss Agnes-Valencia , Schorr Daniel , Metz Julia K , Yildirim Metin , Khan Saeed Ahmad , Schneider Marc
Published: August 2022

Tuning the elastic properties of nanoparticles intended to be used in drug delivery is of great interest. To this end, different potential formulations are developed since the particle elasticity is affecting the in vitro and in vivo performance of the nanoparticles. Here we present a method to determine the elasticity of single gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs). Furthermore, we introduce the possibility of tuning the elastic properties of gelatin nanoparticles during their preparation through crosslinking time. Young’s moduli from 5.48 to 14.26 MPa have been obtained. Additionally, the possibility to measure the elasticity of single nanoparticles revealed the influence of loading a macromolecular model drug (FITC-dextran) on the mechanical properties, which decreased with raising amounts of loaded drug. Loaded particles were significantly softer, with Young’s moduli between 1.06 and 5.79 MPa for the same crosslinking time, than the blank GNPs. In contrast to this, lysozyme as a crosslinkable macromolecule did not influence the mechanical properties. A good in vitro cell compatibility was found investigating blank GNPs and FITC-dextran-loaded GNPs in viability assays with the cancer cell line A549 and the human primary cell-derived hAELVi cell line.
Diet, Muscle Protein Synthesis and Autophagy Relationships in Cancer: An Attempt to Understand Where Are We Going, and Why
Authors: Dioguardi Francesco Saverio , Chen-Scarabelli Carol , Pasini Evasio , Corsetti Giovanni , M Scarabelli Tiziano
Published: August 2022

Protein-based structures are indispensable to maintain life, so identification and removal of worn out structures achieved through proteostasis, the sum of micro and macro-autophagy (autophagy) plus ubiquitin-proteasome system, must balance renewal by new synthesis. Many of the elements controlling dynamically equilibria between protein synthesis and protein degradation have been identified and modalities of activation actively studied, still we are quite far from mastering how this balance is ruled. Failure to maintain a positive balance between protein synthesis and protein degradation would result in sarcopenia, defined as the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, a major clinical problem frequently accompanying chronic illnesses, but peculiarly spotted in cancer and in elderly patients. Also, how cancer is fed, and how nutrition in cancer patients may affect evolution and therapy effectiveness is another field of opinions and uncertainty. On the other hand, exercise and nutrition tailored to provide adequate amounts of amino acids are widely considered a necessary strategy for prevention and treatment of protein synthetic deficits in muscles. This paper will synthetically review how different nutritional strategies and energy production may interconnect efficiently synthesis and scavenging of aged and overused protein molecules by autophagy. Finally, since energy availability rules life and death of cells and organisms, an hypothesis predicting how energy may control the ratios among protein synthesis and autophagy is proposed: in normal conditions, protein syntheses have a key role in autophagy activation by consuming large amounts of energy when forming peptidic bonds, that is adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) is consumed to mono-phospahate (AMP), thus decreasing ATP to AMP ratios. Conversely, both protein syntheses and autophagy may be scarcely activated when low availability of ATP would result also in lowest concentrations of AMP. In this peculiar setting, reduced rates of both protein syntheses and autophagy would be observed, resulting in worsening of protein balance and functions.
Effect of hyperthyroidism treatments on heart rate variability: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000, France, Brusseau Valentin , Tauveron I , Bagheri R , Ugbolue U , Magnon V , Bouillon-Minois J.B , Navel V , Dutheil F
Published: August 2022

Review question / Objective: The reversibility of HRV abnormalities in hyperthyroidism remains contradictory. The purpose of the study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of antithyroid treatments on HRV in hyperthyroidism. Population: Untreated hyperthyroid patients Intervention: Antithyroid treatment Control: Controls without hyperthyroidism Outcomes: Reversibility of heart rate variability abnormalities in hyperthyroidism Study design: Systematic review. Information sources: All studies that addressed the effect of hyperthyroidism treatment on HRV were reviewed. Studies were searched electronically through the major article databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar) with the following keywords: ("hyperthyroidism" OR "hyperthyroid") AND ("heart rate variability" OR "HRV") until April 4, 2022.
Exploring the Compton Scattering Phenomenon with Virtual Learning Under Project Based Learning Model (PjBL)
Authors: Swandi Ahmad , Rahmadhanningsih Sri , Yusuf Irfan , Widyaningsih Sri Wahyu
Published: August 2022

In physics learning, some concepts cannot be explored through experimentation and direct observation, especially abstract concepts. One of the efforts made to overcome this problem is to use interactive visualization through the Project Based Learning model. This study aims to examine the effect of using visualization / virtual media on the Compton Scattering phenomenon through Project Based Learning on students' conceptual understanding. This research is a quasi-experimental study using a non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design pattern. The research instrument uses a concept understanding test that has been validated by experts. Hypothesis testing using the t-polled variant test. Improved understanding of the concept is determined based on the results of the N-gain test. The results showed an increase in students' understanding of concepts in both classes. The experimental class experienced a higher understanding of the concept than the control class with N-Gain 55.79% and 12.84%, respectively. Therefore, there is a positive and significant influence on the use of virtual media with the PjBL model on Compton's Scattering material.
Hybrid Learning Model: Its Impact on Mastery of Concepts and Self-Regulation in Newton's Second Law Material
Authors: Sulman Fauzan , Yuliati Lia , Kusairi Sentot , Hidayat Arif
Published: August 2022

This study examines the impact of the Hybrid Learning Model on concept mastery and self-regulation. The research method uses a 2x3 factorial design. After that, data collection used multiple-choice tests for concept mastery and questionnaires for self-regulation. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA with SPSS software. The study results indicate that there is an effect of mastery of concepts using Hybrid Learning and without Hybrid Learning, where the Hybrid Learning model is better than non-Hybrid learning. With students' concept mastery in Newton's Law II material, self-regulation ability is in line and mutually reinforcing. The high concept mastery ability is better than students in the medium and low self-regulation categories. The concept mastery ability in the medium concept mastery category is better than low self-regulation students in the medium concept mastery category. The results also show an influence between the Hybrid learning model and students' self-regulation abilities in the high, medium, and low categories on the ability to understand concepts.
FATORES DE INFLUÊNCIA: O COMPORTAMENTO DO CONSUMIDOR, DO VENDEDOR SOB A LUZ DA NEUROCIÊNCIA
Authors: De Abreu Agrela Rodrigues Fabiano , Antonio de Souza Campos Eduardo , Aline Silva de Paula Jennifer
Published: August 2022

A profissão de vendedor, nos moldes atuais, nasceu durante a revolução industrial inglesa. Surgiram diversas teorias sobre comportamento do consumidor, leis, regras. Porém, antes do surgimento da ciência neurológica, pouco evoluiu esta área do conhecimento. Dentro de neurociências temos neurosales, que estuda o comportamento humano e cérebro no contexto de vendas. Este artigo de revisão bibliográfica tem por objetivo dar visibilidade a conceitos desconhecidos, como a influência do ambiente externo no estímulo a vendas, o modo como a tríade: sons, cores e iluminação podem influenciar uma decisão. Aspectos regionais e de crenças. A pesquisa descobriu novas abordagens, como a utilização da antiga maiêutica socrática, de modo a fazer perguntas, obter respostas, criando empatiae entendendo os anseios do consumidor. Também foi possível mapear a personalidade de um vendedor potencial através do teste de Myers-Briggs, sendo a personalidade de Cônsul a mais desejável.
The Extended Self: Youth’s Identity in the Music Consumption of Indonesian Spotify Users
Authors: Rahmasari Khairunnisa , Purwaningtyas Mashita Phitaloka Fandia
Published: August 2022

The music streaming service provider app, Spotify, accommodates users to customize their music consumption to suit their needs. Not only for listening to music, but Spotify also allows users to show off their musical tastes through other social media channels. The process of music consumption in Spotify becomes a tool of identity construction as well as distinguishing individuals by their social circle, and makes individuals feel that they are part of a particular group. This study examined the process of constructing user’s identity through music consumption on Spotify, where there is a process of extended self into the social media sphere. This research was conducted with virtual ethnographic method towards Indonesian Spotify users. The results indicated that informants used music consumption in Spotify as a way to construct an extended self in the digital space, primarily through ownership of Spotify profiles and music preferences.
A STUDY ON THE SOLUTIONS OF NOTABLE ENGINEERING MODELS
Authors: Younis Mudasir , Singh Deepak , Chen Lili , Metwali Mohamed
Published: August 2022

In the commenced work, we establish some novel results concerning graph contractions in a more generalized setting. Furthermore, we deliver some examples to elaborate and explain the usability of the attained results. By virtue of nontrivial examples, we show our results improve, extend, generalize, and unify several noteworthy results in the existing state-of-art. We adopt computer simulation validating our results. To arouse further interest in the subject and to show its efficacy, we devote this work to recent applications which emphasize primarily the applications for the existence of the solution of various models related to engineering problems viz. fourth-order two-point boundary value problems describing deformations of an elastic beam, ascending motion of a rocket, and a class of integral equations. This approach is entirely new and will open up some new directions in the underlying graph structure.
The Evolution of Lyα Emitter Line Widths from z = 5.7 to z = 6.6
Authors: Songaila A. , Barger A. J. , Cowie L. L. , Hu E. M. , Taylor A. J.
Published: August 2022

Recent evidence suggests that high-redshift Lyα emitting galaxies (LAEs) with

log
L
(
Ly
α
)
>
43.5

erg

s

−
1

, referred to as ultraluminous LAEs (ULLAEs), may show less evolution than lower-luminosity LAEs in the redshift range z = 5.7–6.6. Here we explore the redshift evolution of the velocity widths of the Lyα emission lines in LAEs over this redshift interval. We use new wide-field, narrowband observations from Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam to provide a sample of 24 z = 6.6 and 12 z = 5.7 LAEs with

log
L
(
Ly
α
)
>
43

erg

s

−
1

, all of which have follow-up spectroscopy from Keck/DEIMOS. Combining with archival lower-luminosity data, we find a significant narrowing of the Lyα lines in LAEs at

log
L
(
Ly
α
)
<
43.25

erg

s

−
1

—somewhat lower than the usual ULLAE definition—at z = 6.6 relative to those at z = 5.7, but we do not see this in higher-luminosity LAEs. As we move to higher redshifts, the increasing neutrality of the intergalactic medium should increase the scattering of the Lyα lines, making them narrower. The absence of this effect in the higher-luminosity LAEs suggests they may lie in more highly ionized regions, self-shielding from the scattering effects of the intergalactic medium.
Influence of Industrial Factors on Cytomorphological Indicators of Phagocytic Cells
Authors: Tussupbekova Gulmira , Rakhmetova Anar , Alshynbekova Gulnaziya , Bakirova Ryszhan , Kuandykov Y. , Molsadykkyzy Madina , Amanbay Balgyn , Kudaibergenkyzy Asan Gulmira , Beisenova Aizhan , Moldakaryzova Aizhan
Published: August 2022

AIM: The article has researched cell morphological changes of phagocytic system’s cell of experimented animals by influence of cool-rock dust phisical loading basis.
METHODS: The phagocytic activity in combined operation of destructive changes in the cells and the lowering of vital capacity was investigated.
RESULTS: The taken results let cosider the structure-functional condition of the phagocytal system’s cell in operation of unfavorable and industrial factors.
CONCLUSION: Experimental animals with intratracheal administration of CRD have pronounced changes in phagocytic activity in AML, RBM and PA as compared with the control group.
The Risk Factors of Neonatal Mortality in Pekanbaru City, Indonesia
Authors: Putri Anelda Wati Syah , Harahap Heryudarini , Harnani Yessi , Rany Novita , Syafrani Syafrani
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Neonatal mortality is death during the first 28 days of life, expressed per 1000 live births. In 2020, there was an increase in the number of neonatal mortality from 50 infant to 115 infant in Pekanbaru City, Indonesia.

AIM: The study objective was to analyze factors associated with neonatal mortality in the Pekanbaru City, Indonesia.

METHODS: The sample was 220, consisting of 110 case and 110 control samples. The total sampling technique was used for case and systematic sampling for control samples. The variables analyzed were mother’s age, mother’s education, parity, birth spacing, gestational age, birth weight, and antenatal care. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regressions.

RESULTS: The results showed that the risk factors for neonatal mortality were antenatal care < 4 times (OR = 8.2; 95% CI = 4.0−17.1), gestational age < 35 weeks (OR = 5.5; 95% CI = 2.2–14.0), mother’s < 20 years or > 35 years (OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.3−7.1), and birth spacing < 2 years (OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.2−5.7).

CONCLUSION: The antenatal care, gestational age, mother’s age, and birth spacing are preventable or possibly preventable risk factors. As a recommendation, the Health Office of Pekanbaru and Community Health Service should increase promotion of antenatal care for pregnant women and family planning to preserve birth spacing for women of childbearing age.
Analysis of the Content of Escherichia Coli in Public Bathing Pools Before and After Using Visitors
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Syahrizal Syahrizal , Kartini Kartini
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli is a bacterium that commonly causes diarrhea almost all over the world. E. coli can grow well on almost all media commonly used to isolate enteric bacteria. E. coli bacteria are organisms that generally live in the human digestive tract. E. coli bacteria are commonly found in polluted swimming pools, causing its users.

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the difference in E. coli content in swimming pool water in public baths.

METHODS: The method in this study uses a descriptive survey method. The research location is at the Poltekkes Laboratory of the Ministry of Health, Aceh, October to December 2021. Sampling is at one of the natural attractions used for public baths in the Aceh Besar area. The subject of this research is swimming pool water in public baths for children as much as 5 points of 5 L/point, and adults 5 points of 5 L/point; all water taken is 50 L.

RESULTS: The results showed that before visitors bathed in the swimming pool, the number of E. coli colonies had a minimal average (12.1) with a deviation of 4.977. The distribution of the number of E. coli colonies after 9 h was used by visitors, which had an average E. coli colony of 190.9 with a deviation of 30.490 MPN, who received that the intervention also showed that the number of E. coli colonies after 9 h was very high, with an average of 159.4 and a deviation of 32.898 MPN.

CONCLUSION: There is a difference in the average content of E. coli before and after using public baths by visitors. The number of users of public baths affects the number of microorganisms in the water, such as E. coli and Enterococci.
Physical Rehabilitation Therapy for Long COVID-19 Patient with Respiratory Sequelae: A Systematic Review
Authors: Prabawa I Made Yoga , Silakarma Dedi , Prabawa I Putu Yuda , Manuaba Ida Bagus Amertha Putra
Published: August 2022

Background. Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection has been a global pandemic since late 2019. Clinical manifestation ranges from mild to severe. Even though most COVID-19 patients recover fully from the disease, approximately 5–10% experience prolonged symptoms for several months following the acute COVID-19 phase, defined as long COVID-19 syndrome. Rehabilitation therapy is needed for them to overcome their symptoms and improve their functional capacity. This systematic review aims to discuss rehabilitation therapy for a patient with long COVID-19 syndrome.   Method. A systematic review using PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted based on PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were study about rehabilitation therapy for long COVID-19 patients. Exclusion criteria were letters to the editor, editorial or commentary reports, and studies not available in full-text and not in English or Bahasa.  Result. Nine studies are included in this systematic review consisting of two consensus statements or recommendations, one cohort retrospective study, two case studies or case reports, one review and three experimental studies. The recommended rehabilitation program pathway using a three-tier model depends on the severity of the disease. Several rehabilitation exercises for long COVID patients include cardiorespiratory rehabilitation, breathing exercise, therapeutic exercise, and even traditional Chinese fitness models such as Liuzijue exercise.     Conclusion. Rehabilitation therapy exercise helps to improve the patient's breathing effort, improving dyspnea and muscle strength.  Keywords: long COVID-19 syndrome, physical rehabilitation, post-COVID-19 infection, rehabilitation therapy
An Ex vivo Apoptotic and Cytotoxic Effects of Frankincense on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line
Authors: Mostafa Sarah , El-Bolok Amr Helmy Moustafa , Fahmi Ahmed Nabil , Alaaeldin Enas
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is accounting for almost 90% of oropharyngeal cancer diagnoses. Natural herbal medicine can use as an alternative, or complementary, or adjunctive for cancer treatment. Frankincense and its combination with myrrh have anticancer effects on different cancer types.
METHODS: In this research, aqueous and methanolic extracts of frankincense and the combination of aqueous extract of frankincense and myrrh were applied on tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line to study their cytotoxic and apoptotic effect by the assessment of cell viability and cytotoxicity, caspase 3 and 8 activation, reactive oxygen species activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, morphological changes, and nuclear area factor measurements.
RESULTS: The result showed that aqueous and methanolic extracts of frankincense have cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 21.05 ± 1.27 μM for aqueous extract, 36.72 ± 2.07 μM for methanolic extract, and IC50 value of 1.31 ± 0.04 μM for combination of aqueous extract of frankincense and myrrh extract after 24 h.
CONCLUSION: Different extracts of frankincense and the combination of aqueous extract of frankincense and myrrh extract exhibited cytotoxic and apoptotic effects by reducing the cell viability and activating caspases 3 and 8 causing intrinsic- and extrinsic-mediated apoptosis pathways activation with the involvement of oxidative stress that was conceivable with cytonuclear morphological alterations results.
Le colbertisme d’hier et d’aujourd’hui
Authors: Méreaux Jean-Paul , Seiffert Marc-Daniel
Published: August 2022

Du 17 e  siècle au 21 e  siècle, le colbertisme a connu des hauts et des bas. C’est lui qui, depuis la Libération, a inspiré le capitalisme à la française. Or, à partir des années 1970, s’est imposé un capitalisme de plus en plus libéral. Conséquence de cette nouvelle politique, notre pays a connu la désindustrialisation la plus forte de l’Europe continentale. Ceux qui s’inquiétaient de la perte de notre souveraineté économique n’ont pas été écoutés jusqu’à ce que pandémie et guerre en Ukraine confirment ces craintes. La crise sanitaire a montré les limites de l’approche libérale et mis en évidence la dépendance de la France dans de nombreux secteurs. Dans le cadre des débats actuels sur une nouvelle politique économique, les principes du colbertisme peuvent-ils être une source d’inspiration ?
Consumers' stance on food waste in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia
Authors: Hazuchová Naďa , Stávková Jana , Siedlecka Agnieszka , Nagyová Ľudmila
Published: August 2022

This work focuses on the area of food waste from the subjective perspective of the consumers themselves. The key source of data is a questionnaire survey with a sample selection of 3,429 respondents from the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia, which are countries with historical and cultural ties. This survey was orchestrated in 2019 and it aimed to uncover the consumers' stances on this area. For every country involved, the results proved that the most common reason for food waste is that the food spoils when stored. One's stance on food waste is influenced by identifiers such as age, education, economic activity, and perceived income. A significant difference between the surveyed countries can be seen in the fact that Poles have over a 10× greater chance of wasting the smallest amount of food. Descriptive statistics, contingency analysis, and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. It is evident that subsequent research is necessary in this area, ideally with a united methodology for every country in the European Union.
Reconstructing invisible deviating events: A conformance checking approach for recurring events
Authors: Grüger Joscha , Kuhn Martin , Bergmann Ralph
Published: August 2022

Conformance checking enables organizations to determine whether their executed processes are compliant with the intended process. However, if the processes contain recurring activities, state-of-the-art approaches unfortunately have difficulties calculating the conformance. The occurrence of complex temporal rules can further increase the complexity of the problem. Identifying this limitation, this paper presents a novel approach towards dealing with recurring activities in conformance checking. The core idea of the approach is to reconstruct the missing events in the event log using defined rules while incorporating specified temporal event characteristics. This approach then enables the use of native conformance checking algorithms. The paper illustrates the algorithmic approach and defines the required temporal event characteristics. Furthermore, the approach is applied and evaluated in a case study on an event log for melanoma surveillance.
The Digital Transformation of Rural Agricultural Business Management
Authors: Yu Poshan , Chen Jiai , Sampat Michael , Misuko Nyaribo
Published: August 2022

This chapter aims to study the development of futuristic e-commerce systems in rural China. This chapter will explore the current situation of the whole industrial chain in rural small and medium enterprises and their developing trends in B2C model. Why are rural agricultural small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) developing rapidly in China? What is the digital context for the development of rural SMEs in the agricultural sector? What digital transformations have rural SMEs experienced in terms of business models, especially in less developed areas, such as Tier 4 and Tier 5 areas, compared with international ones? Compared with the previous rural e-commerce, what are the advantages of optimizing the new system? This chapter will use CiteSpace to perform statistical and correlation analysis on Chinese agricultural e-commerce system, including the Web of Science (WOS) database and CSSCI database. Cases from China will be used for comparison. This chapter will provide suggestions for the development of futuristic e-commerce system in emerging economies.
Fractional Order PID Controller for Tracking Control of SCARA Robot
Authors: Samadder Sreejita , Dave Samriddhi , Mohan Vijay , Sharma Bharat Bhushan
Published: August 2022

E-commerce packaging has unique needs, and new robot technology is meeting those needs. These needs include handling mixed pallet loads, workforce problems, and a range of secondary packaging types. This chapter presents the trajectory tracking control of an industrial SCARA robot in a realistic simulated environment with the help of fractional order PID (FOPID) and PID controller. FOPID controller has two extra degrees of freedom, thereby providing added flexibility to the design over the PID scheme. The optimum parameters of these controllers are obtained using the genetic algorithm (GA) by minimizing a weighted sum of absolute errors as an objective. Further, a comparative study of the controllers is performed for set-point tracking and model parameter uncertainty based on settling time, rise time, overshoot, and integral absolute error (IAE). The results have proved that FOPID outperforms its integer-order counterpart under a variety of operating conditions.
Integrating Cycle of Prochaska and DiClemente With Ethically Responsible Behavior Theory for Social Change Management
Authors: Abbas Ansar , Ekowati Dian , Suhariadi Fendy , Fenitra Rakotoarisoa Maminirina , Fahlevi Mochammad
Published: August 2022

Humans could never have predicted what would happen as a result of COVID-19. Indeed, such foresight was not expected. It can also be stated that planning to combat COVID-19 was beyond human capacity. However, the future may be foretold by seeing many aspects that we have experienced. Current values, styles of working, social systems, organizational transformations, and human behavior have all been altered due to the epidemic. Those changes will sustain the anticipated direction. This chapter goes into change cycle theory and how COVID-19 affected current social norms. Initially, the idea was integrated with social norms, but social cognition impacts were analogized as they progressed. It is interwoven with the goal that ethically social responsibility developments will assist in the design of a post-COVID-19 society approach. It is expected that we would be able to strategically carry some of the benefits of social awareness gained during COVID-19 for a brighter future in the post-COVID-19 age.
Investigation of Human Resource Management Practices After COVID-19
Authors: Agarwal Shivani , Aggarwal Shubham , Tyagi Anshika
Published: August 2022

The economy of every country relies on its human resources. COVID-19 has impacted human life, socio-economic development, and national relations. The worldwide economy has been ferociously crushed by the coronavirus pandemic. It barrels all organizations, making a complicated and tough setting for managers in the domain of human resource management. International agencies need to facilitate their employees to wear down this extraordinary crisis. The type of work, worker enlisting and choice, worker coaching, performance management, and compensation management have been modified fully. In the study, COVID-19 crisis's impact on HRM is investigated. It points out the prospects that have arisen from the pandemic, and it presents apprehension for managers in the domain of human resource management. The study advocated the adoption of e-HRM to reduce employee physical interactions.
DFT Calculations Using Quantum ESPRESSO for Optical and Electronic Properties of Si Crystal
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Hassan , Sohail Muhammad , Ul Hassan Syed Mujtaba , Nawaz Tayyaba
Published: August 2022

The DFT calculations were performed to study the structural, electronic and optical properties of Si. The open source computer code, Quantum ESPRESSO used is for first-principles electronic structure modeling based on density functional theory. The optimized crystal lattice constant, band gap, density of states (DOS) and band structure were calculated. The calculated value of lattice constant was in good agreement with reported value. The band gap was calculated using three different pseudo potentials. The HSE hybrid functional provided best agreement of band gap calculations with literature values. The pseudo-dielectric functions was also calculated to estimate the optical properties including refractive indices, extinction coefficients, reflectivities and absorption coefficients in the spectral energy ranges from 0 eV to 10 eV.
Abnormal Longitudinal Strain Reduction of Basal Left Ventricular Segments in Patients Recovered of COVID-19
Authors: Cotella Juan I. , Hasbani Javier , Hasbani Eduardo , Prado Aldo
Published: August 2022

Background:

The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is the pathogen that causes COVID-19. Cardiovascular (CV) involvement during this infection, has been related to adverse outcomes. Interestingly, some patients may remain symptomatic beyond the first 14 days of disease diagnosis. Although a particular reduction on left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) in basal segments has been recently described in patients hospitalized with diagnosis of COVID-19, the correlation of these findings with the persistence of symptoms has not been determined.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to describe echocardiographic findings in patients recovered from COVID-19 and to determine its association with persistent dyspnea.

Methods:

Seventy-six patients were analyzed. Forty-six were asymptomatic (group N°1) and 30 referred persistent dyspnea at the time of examination (group N°2), and a cohort of 25 healthy individuals was included as a control group. Total LV GLS, average basal LV GLS, and average mid-apical LV GLS were assessed. Basal-mid-apical index (BMAI) was calculated. A difference in BMAI bigger than 15% between both groups was stablished as cutoff point.

Results:

Nonsignificative differences on standard echocardiographic measurements were found between the analyzed groups. When compared to the control group, there was nonsignificative reduction on basal LV GLS values in patients with persistent dyspnea. However, BMAI values were bigger than 15% in 70% of patients from group N°2 but in none of the patients from the control group (= 0.0002).

Conclusions:

This new index allowed to identify an abnormal relation in LV GLS values between basal and medium-apical segments among patients recovered from COVID-19 and persistent dyspnea.
Isolated Pulmonic Valve Endocarditis
Authors: Parato Vito Maurizio , Di Geso Luca , Pelliccioni Simona , Parato Andrea Giovanni , Di Eusanio Marco
Published: August 2022

Isolated pulmonic valve infective endocarditis (PV-IE) is a rare form of endocarditis. The authors report a case of giant vegetations detected by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) on PV in a young patient, 33-year-old, with drug abuse history. The patient underwent surgical intervention by pulmonary valved bioconduit implantation. After operation, a pulmonary embolism episode was treated by a direct oral anticoagulant. The final outcome was favorable. The difficulty in diagnosing PV-IE is due to the inability to properly visualize the PV by echocardiography. In this case, with such large vegetations, TTE allowed a correct diagnosis and an effective surgical planning, confirming its importance as a diagnostic tool.
Effect of Coronavirus Disease-2019 Infection on Left Atrial Functions
Authors: Ergül Elif , Özyildiz Ali Gökhan , Emlek Nadir , Özyildiz Afag , Duman Hakan , Çetin Mustafa
Published: August 2022

Objective:

Left atrial (LA) dysfunction is a crucial risk factor for cardiovascular events, and various pathologies may affect LA function. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic causing morbidity and mortality. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate LA functions in patients who recovered from COVID-19.

Methods:

Sixty consecutive patients recovered from COVID-19 and 60 healthy individuals as a control group were included in the study. Blood samples and echocardiography measurements were obtained from each subject. The two groups were compared in terms of demographic and echocardiographic characteristics.

Results:

In the COVİD-19 group, LA maximum volume (LAVmax) (P = 0.040), LA pre-A volume (LAVpre-A) (P = 0.014), and LA active emptying fraction (P = 0.027) were higher, while LA passive emptying fraction (P = 0.035) was lower. In addition, left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.006) and isovolumetric relaxation time (P = 0.008) were decreased in this group. Although LA volume index was higher in the COVID-19 group, it does not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion:

LA functions may be impaired in patients recovered from COVID-19 infection.
An Adolescent with Ileum Herniation Through Foramen of Winslow
Authors: Huang Y , Qin L , Wu L , Huang Q
Published: August 2022

Background:

Herniation through foramen of Winslow is a relatively rare group of hernias characterized by protrusion of the abdominal contents into the lesser sac. To our knowledge, this is the youngest and the only reported case related to adolescents in the last five years.

Case Presentation:

A 15-year-old male patient presented to our emergency department after experiencing 4 hours of acute dull upper abdominal pain. We diagnosed the patient with herniation through foramen of Winslow by computed tomography (CT) and other complementary diagnostic methods. After a 3-trocar laparoscopic procedure, the hernia was successfully repositioned and no bowel resection was required. The patient was discharged on the fourth postoperative day without complications. He was no recurrence six months after operation.

Conclusions:

Through the review of the literature, it is clear that herniation through foramen of Winslow (HFW) is a more challenging condition to diagnose preoperatively, which can be achieved with the help of complementary diagnostics especially CT. As a category of diseases with a very low postoperative recurrence rate, clinical experience tells us that only three-trocar laparoscopic surgery can successfully return HFW.
Role of Local Treatment for Oligometastasis: A Comparability Based Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rim Chai Hong , Cho Won Kyung , Lee Jong Hoon , Kim Young Seok , Suh Yang-Gun , Kim Kyung Hwan , Chie Eui Kyu , Ahn Yong Chan ,   The Oligometastasis Working Group, Korea Cancer Association
Published: August 2022

Purpose We intend to investigate the oncological efficacy and feasibility of local consolidative therapy (LCT) through a meta-analysis method.Materials and Methods Four databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched. Target studies are controlled trials comparing outcomes of LCT versus a control group. Primary endpoints are overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).Results A total of 54 studies involving 7,242 patients were included. Pooled analyses showed that the LCT arm could achieve improved OS with pooled odds ratio of 2.896 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.377 to 3.528; p < 0.001). Regarding PFS, pooled analyses showed pooled odds ratio of 3.045 (95% CI, 2.356 to 3.937; p < 0.001) in favor of the LCT arm. In the subgroup analyses including the studies with reliable comparability (e.g. randomized studies or intentionally matched studies without significant favorable prognosticator in LCT arms), pooled odds ratio was 2.548 (95% CI, 1.808 to 3.591; p < 0.001) favoring the LCT arm regarding OS. Regarding PFS, pooled OR was 2.656 (95% CI, 1.713 to 4.120; p < 0.001) which also favored the LCT arm. Subgroup analyses limited to the randomized controlled trials (RCT) were also performed and pooled odds ratios on OS and PFS were 1.535 (95% CI, 1.082 to 2.177; p=0.016) and 1.668 (95% CI, 1.187 to 2.344; p=0.003). The rates of grade ≥ 3 complications related to LCT was mostly low (< 10%) and not significantly higher compared to the control arm.Conclusion Pooled analyses results of all included studies, selected studies with reliable comparability, and RCT’s demonstrated the survival benefit of LCT. These consistent results suggest that LCT was beneficial to the patients with oligometastasis.
Attempts to Codify Personal Matrimony Law in the Second Polish Republic. A Fiasco or Perhaps a Success?
Authors: Zarzycki Zdzisław
Published: August 2022

After regaining independence in 1918, Poland inherited five different post-partition legal orders from the 19th century, regulating personal matrimony law on its territory, i.e. Prussian, Austrian, Hungarian, Russian and Polish from the times of the Kingdom of Poland. This situation required urgent reform and taking codification steps. The codification task was entrusted to the Codification Commission, established in 1919. Its result was the governmental matrimony law Project adopted in 1929, known as Lutostański’s Project. Unfortunately, it was not passed by the Sejm. It happened because of the opposition of the Catholic Church and other conservative forces. The reasons for this state of affairs were too modern, for those times, legal solutions contained therein, and above all, the possibility of obtaining a divorce. Many legal solutions included in this project can be found in modern matrimony law, i.e. almost a hundred years later. Nevertheless, the very idea of codification and the adopted main principles of matrimony law should be considered a success of Polish legal thought. The more so because many of these solutions were used in post-war Poland in the Decree on matrimony law in 1945 and are known in contemporary matrimony law.
Jury Courts in Interwar Poland
Authors: Maziarz Jakob
Published: August 2022

Jury courts existed in all the partitioning countries, and after 1918 they were to operate in all parts of the reborn Polish state. Their activities were suspended indefinitely in the former Prussian and Russian partitions. Only the former Austrian partition operated until 1938, when the Sanacja authorities liquidated them. Jury courts adjudicated only criminal cases –concerning the most severe crimes and political crimes. Recently, more attention has been devoted to jury courts and the participation of the social factor in the judiciary in Polish science, but so far, no publications in English have appeared on this subject. In the article, the author presents a short description of the jury’s activity in Poland and discusses three hypotheses about the activity of the jury in Polish science.
Adoption (Successful Unification of Adoption Law in Interwar Czechoslovakia)
Authors: Laclavíková Miriam , Tomin Michal
Published: August 2022

The study analyses the Hungarian and Austrian adoption laws that inspired lawmakers of the Czechoslovak Act No. 56 of 1928 Coll. As the Hungarian and Austrian laws, the Czechoslovak Act of 1928 on Adoption recognised adoption as a contract to ensure an heir. It advocated compliance with the principle adoptio naturam imitatur. Therefore, it helped to improve the social and legal position of abandoned and neglected children. For lawmakers, the primary inspiration source was the Austrian General Civil Code (ABGB). Nonetheless, several provisions of the ABGB were identical with the Hungarian customary law, court practice, and office practice. Adopters had to be childless, older than forty years of age, and a minimum of eighteen years older than the adoptees. Married persons could adopt only with the consent of their spouses (in this, the influence of the ABGB was the strongest). Contrary to ABGB, but under the Hungarian court practice, was the possibility for a man to adopt his illegitimate biological child. It was possible to adopt majors as a limitation to the principle adoptio naturam imitatur. Adoption was a contractual relationship. It established a relation only between the adopter and adoptee, while the relationships of the adoptee with the birth family continued. For instance, if the adopter failed in his duty to aliment the adoptee, the biological father had a supportive legal obligation to pay alimony. The main goal of the adoption process was to produce an heir. For this reason, we can conclude that the interests of adopters prevailed over the interests of adoptees. It changed radically after 1949, and the most important in the adoption process has become the best interest of the child.