bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Null Mutation of the Fascin2 Gene by TALEN Leading to Progressive Hearing Loss and Retinal Degeneration in C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Liu Xiang , Zhao Mengmeng , Xie Yi , Li Ping , Wang Oumei , Zhou Bingxin , Yang Linlin , Nie Yao , Cheng Lin , Song Xicheng , Jin Changzhu , Han Fengchan
Published: October 2018

Fascin2 (FSCN2) is an actin cross-linking protein that is mainly localized in retinas and in the stereocilia of hair cells. Earlier studies showed that a deletion mutation in human FASCIN2 (FSCN2) gene could cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. Recent studies have indicated that a missense mutation in mouse Fscn2 gene (R109H) can contribute to the early onset of hearing loss in DBA/2J mice. To explore the function of the gene, Fscn2 was knocked out using TALEN (transcription activator-like effector nucleases) on the C57BL/6J background. Four mouse strains with deletions of 1, 4, 5, and 41 nucleotides in the target region of Fscn2 were developed. F1 heterozygous (Fscn2+/−) mice carrying the same deletion of 41 nucleotides were mated to generate the Fscn2−/− mice. As a result, the Fscn2−/− mice showed progressive hearing loss, as measured in the elevation of auditory brainstem-response thresholds. The hearing impairment began at age 3 weeks at high-stimulus frequencies and became most severe at age 24 weeks. Moreover, degeneration of hair cells and loss of stereocilia were remarkable in Fscn2−/− mice, as revealed by F-actin staining and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, compared to the controls, the Fscn2−/− mice displayed significantly lower electroretinogram amplitudes and thinner retinas at 8, 16, and 24 weeks. These results demonstrate that, in C57BL/6Jmice, Fscn2 is essential for maintaining ear and eye function and that a null mutation of Fscn2 leads to progressive hearing loss and retinal degeneration.
Double Selection Enhances the Efficiency of Target-AID and Cas9-Based Genome Editing in Yeast
Authors: Després Philippe C , Dubé Alexandre K , Nielly-Thibault Lou , Yachie Nozomu , Landry Christian R
Published: October 2018

CRISPR-Cas9 loss of function (LOF) and base editing screens are powerful tools in genetics and genomics. Yeast is one of the main models in these fields, but has only recently started to adopt this new toolkit for high throughput experiments. We developed a double selection strategy based on co-selection that increases LOF mutation rates using the Target-AID base editor. We constructed the pDYSCKO vector, which is amenable to high throughput double selection experiments, and show that the improvement in Target-AID efficiency generalizes across loci. Using modeling, we show that this improvement in efficiency provides the required increased in detection power to measure the fitness effects of thousands of mutations in typical yeast pooled screens. We show that double selection can also improve Cas9 mediated LOF rates, but that this multiplex genome editing causes programmable chromosomal translocations at high frequency. This suggests that multiplex LOF editing should be performed with caution and that base-editors could be preferable tools for some screens in yeast. Base editing using double selection is simple and straightforward and provides an alternative to homology directed repair based high throughput variant strain construction methods.
Coping-Style Behavior Identified by a Survey of Parent-of-Origin Effects in the Rat
Authors: Mont Carme , Hernandez-Pliego Polinka , Cañete Toni , Oliveras Ignasi , Río-Álamos Cristóbal , Blázquez Gloria , López-Aumatell Regina , Martínez-Membrives Esther , Tobeña Adolf , Flint Jonathan , Fernández-Teruel Alberto , Mott Richard
Published: October 2018

In this study we investigate the effects of parent of origin on complex traits in the laboratory rat, with a focus on coping style behavior in stressful situations. We develop theory, based on earlier work, to partition heritability into a component due to a combination of parent of origin, maternal, paternal and shared environment, and another component that estimates classical additive genetic variance. We use this theory to investigate the effects on heritability of the parental origin of alleles in 798 outbred heterogeneous stock rats across 199 complex traits. Parent-of-origin-like heritability was on average 2.7fold larger than classical additive heritability. Among the phenotypes with the most enhanced parent-of-origin heritability were 10 coping style behaviors, with average 3.2 fold heritability enrichment. To confirm these findings on coping behavior, and to eliminate the possibility that the parent of origin effects are due to confounding with shared environment, we performed a reciprocal F1 cross between the behaviorally divergent RHA and RLA rat strains. We observed parent-of-origin effects on F1 rat anxiety/coping-related behavior in the Elevated Zero Maze test. Our study is the first to assess genetic parent-of-origin effects in rats, and confirm earlier findings in mice that such effects influence coping and impulsive behavior, and suggest these effects might be significant in other mammals, including humans.
Viable Triploid Honey Bees (Apis mellifera capensis) Are Reliably Produced in the Progeny of CO2 Narcotised Queens
Authors: Oldroyd Benjamin P , Aamidor Sarah E , Buchmann Gabriele , Allsopp Michael H , Remnant Emily J , Kao Fan F , Reid Rebecca J , Beekman Madeleine
Published: October 2018

The haplodiploid system of sex determination of Hymenoptera acts as an exaptation for species to evolve novel forms of asexual reproduction including thelytoky (clonal offspring of the mother). During normal reproduction in Hymenoptera, three of the four products of meiosis that are present in newly-laid eggs are lost as polar bodies, while the remaining pronucleus either develops as a haploid male or fuses with a sperm nucleus to produce a diploid zygote. In contrast, in thelytokous reproduction, which is uncommon but taxonomically widespread, two of the four products of meiosis fuse, as if one acted as a sperm. Queenless workers of Apis mellifera capensis, a subspecies of honey bee from South Africa, routinely reproduce thelytokously. Unmated A. m. capensis queens can also be induced to lay thelytokously by narcosis with carbon dioxide, but mated queens are never thelytokous. We artificially inseminated A. m. capensis queens using CO2 narcosis. Up to 1/3 of offspring workers carried two maternal alleles and an allele of one father whereas no three-allele progeny were seen in control queens of the arrhenotokous (unfertilized eggs result in males) subspecies A. m. scutellata. Flow cytometry of three-allele individuals revealed that they were triploid and arose from the fertilization of a thelytokous fusion nucleus. We then reared six queens from a narcotized A. m. capensis queen and determined the ploidy of the offspring queens based on microsatellites. One of the five daughters was triploid. Following artificial insemination, this queen produced unfertilized thelytokous diploid eggs at high frequency, and unfertilized triploid eggs at much lower frequency. If fertilized, thelytokous diploid eggs were non-viable, even though triploidy in itself does not impede normal development. In contrast, when the rarer triploid eggs were fertilized, a proportion developed into viable tetraploids. Our study highlights the extraordinary developmental flexibility of haplo-diploid systems.
A Novel Mutation in Brain Tumor Causes Both Neural Over-Proliferation and Neurodegeneration in AdultDrosophila
Authors: Loewen Carin , Boekhoff-Falk Grace , Ganetzky Barry , Chtarbanova Stanislava
Published: October 2018

A screen for neuroprotective genes in Drosophila melanogaster led to the identification of a mutation that causes extreme, progressive loss of adult brain neuropil in conjunction with massive brain overgrowth. We mapped the mutation to the brain tumor (brat) locus, which encodes a tripartite motif-NCL-1, HT2A, and LIN-41 (TRIM-NHL) RNA-binding protein with established roles limiting stem cell proliferation in developing brain and ovary. However, a neuroprotective role for brat in the adult Drosophila brain has not been described previously. The new allele, bratcheesehead (bratchs), carries a mutation in the coiled-coil domain of the TRIM motif, and is temperature-sensitive. We demonstrate that mRNA and protein levels of neural stem cell genes are increased in heads of adult bratchs mutants and that the over-proliferation phenotype initiates prior to adult eclosion. We also report that disruption of an uncharacterized gene coding for a presumptive prolyl-4-hydroxylase strongly enhances the over-proliferation and neurodegeneration phenotypes. Together, our results reveal an unexpected role for brat that could be relevant to human cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
Early Diverging Insect-Pathogenic Fungi of the Order Entomophthorales Possess Diverse and Unique Subtilisin-Like Serine Proteases
Authors: Arnesen Jonathan A , Małagocka Joanna , Gryganskyi Andrii , Grigoriev Igor V , Voigt Kerstin , Stajich Jason E , De Fine Licht Henrik H
Published: October 2018

Insect-pathogenic fungi use subtilisin-like serine proteases (SLSPs) to degrade chitin-associated proteins in the insect procuticle. Most insect-pathogenic fungi in the order Hypocreales (Ascomycota) are generalist species with a broad host-range, and most species possess a high number of SLSPs. The other major clade of insect-pathogenic fungi is part of the subphylum Entomophthoromycotina (Zoopagomycota, formerly Zygomycota) which consists of high host-specificity insect-pathogenic fungi that naturally only infect a single or very few host species. The extent to which insect-pathogenic fungi in the order Entomophthorales rely on SLSPs is unknown. Here we take advantage of recently available transcriptomic and genomic datasets from four genera within Entomophthoromycotina: the saprobic or opportunistic pathogens Basidiobolus meristosporus, Conidiobolus coronatus, C. thromboides, C. incongruus, and the host-specific insect pathogens Entomophthora muscae and Pandora formicae, specific pathogens of house flies (Muscae domestica) and wood ants (Formica polyctena), respectively. In total 154 SLSP from six fungi in the subphylum Entomophthoromycotina were identified: E. muscae (n = 22), P. formicae (n = 6), B. meristosporus (n = 60), C. thromboides (n = 18), C. coronatus (n = 36), and C. incongruus (n = 12). A unique group of 11 SLSPs was discovered in the genomes of the obligate biotrophic fungi E. muscae, P. formicae and the saprobic human pathogen C. incongruus that loosely resembles bacillopeptidase F-like SLSPs. Phylogenetics and protein domain analysis show this class represents a unique group of SLSPs so far only observed among Bacteria, Oomycetes and early diverging fungi such as Cryptomycota, Microsporidia, and Entomophthoromycotina. This group of SLSPs is missing in the sister fungal lineages of Kickxellomycotina and the fungal phyla Mucoromyocta, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi suggesting interesting gene loss patterns.
La educación religiosa: su aporte a la convivencia social y a la cultura de paz
Authors: Montoya Hernández María Auxiliadora
Published: October 2018

La ponencia propone que desde la educación religiosa se puede dar un aporte importante para la construcción de la convivencia y la cultura de paz. Se hace énfasis en el cambio que debe introducirse en la educación religiosa a partir del lenguaje teológicoreligioso que forma parte del discurso actual, esto para establecer posibles diálogos entre personas de diferentes religiones y culturas. La dimensión simbólica del lenguaje religioso cumple un papel fundamental en la forma en cómo las personas se relacionan y construyen comunidad; y tiene una incidencia fundamental en el diálogo y conflicto intercultural.
Análisis y consecuencias curriculares del pronunciamiento N°2023-2010 de la Sala Constitucional acerca de la Educación Religiosa en Costa Rica
Authors: Jiménez Porras Jonathan
Published: October 2018

El ensayo consiste en un análisis del pronunciamiento Nº 2023-2010 de la Sala constitucional y sus implicaciones curriculares. En el año 2010 tal documento marcó un hito en la Educación Religiosa en Costa Rica, por cuanto por primera vez se planteaba de manera oficial la neutralidad religiosa del Estado en asuntos de educación. Según esta perspectiva, sus consecuencias no son aún implementadas completamente en el Sistema Educativo.
Cambios en las creencias religiosas en Costa Rica
Authors: Altamirano-Martínez Héctor
Published: October 2018

Seminario Internacional: América Latina: Sociedades en cambio. Retos a las religiones y a las teologías. Universidad Nacional 5, 6, 7 de agosto de 2014
La cultura funeraria de las comunidades indígenas de México y el imaginario religioso mesoamericano
Authors: Barbosa Sánchez Alma Patricia
Published: October 2018

No obstante el embate histórico de la cultura occidental y de la evangelización católica, las comunidades indígenas de México preservaron, en su tradición oral y en su cultura funeraria, dos premisas básicas del imaginario religioso mesoamericano: la concepción de la dualidad vida/ muerte y de la dualidad cuerpo/ánima. Periódicamente y al margen de la liturgia católica, llevan a cabo sui géneris rituales, donde instituyen una comunicación y colaboración con los difuntos. Los testimonios orales exponen la concepción del mundo sobrenatural y la existencia de los difuntos, dentro de las premisas básica del imaginario religioso mesoamericano.
Para uma cultura de paz. Uma contribuição ao debate
Authors: Delgado-Rojas Jaime
Published: October 2018

En este ensayo, la Cantata de Santa Ma­ría de Iquique sirve como marco a la reflexión sobre la paz y la alteridad. Plantea que el derecho a la paz es parte integrante de la ética jurídica y política que implica a los “otros” hacia quienes supone, no simplemente tolerancia, sino respeto a las diferencias y con­vivialidad. El abanico de relaciones con el otro se constituye en enjambre de posibilidades éticas, estimulante y provocador, que nos ubica en el plano de la cultura de paz y en el compromiso de impulsar una educación para la paz y una democracia sustancial.
Variation in Use by NICU Types in the United States
Authors: Edwards Erika M. , Horbar Jeffrey D.
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND:

Increased admissions of higher birth weight and less acutely ill infants to NICUs suggests that intensive care may be used inappropriately in these populations. We describe variation in use of NICU services by gestational age and NICU type.

METHODS:

Using the Vermont Oxford Network database of all NICU admissions, we assessed variation within predefined gestational age categories in the following proportions: admissions, initial NICU hospitalization days, high-acuity cases ≥34 weeks’ gestation, and short-stay cases ≥34 weeks’ gestation. High acuity was defined as follows: death, intubated assisted ventilation for ≥4 hours, early bacterial sepsis, major surgery requiring anesthesia, acute transport to another center, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy or a 5-minute Apgar score ≤3, or therapeutic hypothermia. Short stay was defined as an inborn infant staying 1 to 3 days with discharge from the hospital.

RESULTS:

From 2014 to 2016, 486 741 infants were hospitalized 9 657 508 days at 381 NICUs in the United States. The median proportions of admissions, initial hospitalized days, high-acuity cases, and short stays varied significantly by NICU types in almost all gestational age categories. Fifteen percent of the infants ≥34 weeks were high acuity, and 10% had short stays.

CONCLUSIONS:

There is substantial variation in use among NICUs. A campaign to focus neonatal care teams on using the NICU wisely that addresses the appropriate use of intensive care for newborn infants and accounts for local context and the needs of families is needed.
Problematizing Ideas of Purity and Timelessness in the Conservation Narratives of Sacred Groves in Xishuangbanna, China
Authors: Zeng Lily
Published: October 2018

The recent promotion of sacred groves in conservation often assumes four problematic narratives of nature and culture based on ideas of purity and timelessness: (1) sacred groves are remnants of pristine forests; (2) nature is made sacred through the absence of human activity; (3) sacred groves are a-historical; and (4) sacred groves are removed from modernity. I problematize these narratives using ethnographic analyses of sacred groves protected by ethnic minority Dai communities in Xishuangbanna, a region containing China's richest biodiversity. I argue that the nature-culture divide inherent in conservation literature poorly describes sacred groves, which are dynamic entities integrated into modern Dai communities. Moreover, I contend that these narratives persist because they are deployed for political agendas by various outside actors (e.g., government, conservationists, tourism developers) and occasionally by Dai communities themselves during the co-production of landscapes, livelihoods, and identity corresponding to times of rapid transformation in a modern world.
Avaliação da estrutura fatorial do Body Shape Questionnaire: análise fatorial exploratória ou confirmatória?
Authors: Silva Wanderson Roberto da , Marôco João , Campos Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivo: Conduzir uma discussão sobre as estratégias adotadas para avaliação da estrutura fatorial de instrumentos psicométricos utilizando como exemplo os modelos fatoriais do Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). Métodos: Foram avaliados sete modelos fatoriais diferentes do BSQ, que foram obtidos por meio de análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) e estão apresentados na literatura. A análise fatorial confirmatória desses modelos foi realizada para a amostra de estudo utilizando-se aos índices qui-quadrado pelos graus de liberdade (χ2/gl), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) e Weighted Root Mean Square Residual (WRMR). As validades convergente e discriminante foram avaliadas a partir da variância extraída média e do coeficiente de determinação entre os fatores do BSQ, respectivamente. A confiabilidade dos modelos foi avaliada a partir da confiabilidade composta e do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: Participaram 739 universitárias com média de idade de 20,4 (desvio-padrão = 2,4) anos. Todos os modelos apresentaram adequado ajustamento para a amostra de estudo, contudo a validade discriminante esteve comprometida neles. A confiabilidade dos modelos também foi adequada. Conclusão: Apesar de todos os modelos testados do BSQ apresentarem bons indicadores psicométricos, salienta-se que eles foram obtidos em amostras diferentes utilizando-se AFE e sem justificativa teórica plausível para a construção dos fatores, o que pode dificultar a escolha de um modelo para utilização em ambiente clínico. Assim, diante da importância de preservação do conceito teórico durante o desenvolvimento do instrumento, sugere-se cautela na utilização de modelos sem sustentação teórica.
Survival of Acidovorax citrulli in infected melon tissues and in different edafoclimatic conditions
Authors: Alves Aldenir Oliveira , Xavier André da Silva , Conceição Claudeana Souza da , Mariano Rosa de Lima Ramos , Souza Elineide Barbosa de
Published: October 2018

Abstract The survival of Acidovorax citrulli Aac1Rif was accessed in infected melon tissues (fruits and leaves) incorporated to the soil at 0, 5, 10 and 15 cm depth, in seven different types of soil, at temperatures 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ºC and moisture field capacity of 50 and 100% in the absence of the host plant. Aac1Rif was detected in melon tissues at 0, 5 and 10 cm until 21 days and at 15 cm until 14 days. The highest and lowest relative extinction rate of the population (RERP) for Aac1Rif occurred respectively in fruit tissues and leaf tissues at depths of 0 and 5 cm. Aac1Rif survived in seven types of soil only for three days. The lowest RERP occurred at 10 or 15 ºC and the highest at 30 or 35 ºC. Greater concentrations of Na+, silt, and greater populations of actinomycetes and Trichoderma were correlated with highest RERP of the Aac1Rif in the soil. There was significant difference between RERP at 100% and 50% of field capacity. The soil was not considered potential primary source of A. citrulli inoculum. Infected melon fruits and leaves in soil were considered as such sources, at least for 21 days.
Associations among production and physicochemicalquality fruit traits in Passion fruit populations subjected to three cycles of intrapopulation recurrent selection
Authors: Cavalcante Natan Ramos , Viana Alexandre Pio , Santos Paulo Ricardo dos , Preisigke Sandra da Costa , Ribeiro Rodrigo Moreira , Tofanelli Evillyn Jacinto
Published: October 2018

Abstract The present study was developed to identify the direct and indirect effects of fruit production traits in passion fruit on traits of agronomic interest as well as determine possible changes in associations between the characters after three cycles of recurrent selection. Twenty three half-sibling progenies were evaluated for the characteristics number of fruits per plant; fruit mass per plant (g); pulp percentage (%); fruit length and diameter (mm); peel thickness (mm); total soluble solids content (ºBrix); pH; and yield per plant (kg). Fruit production per plant was considered the main variable, while the others were considered explanatory variables. Within-family heritability (h2ad) values were lower than the mean heritability of the progeny (h2mp). Path analysis revealed that the direct selection of genotypes with higher number of fruits or fruit average mass results in increased production per plant; however, indirect selection is inefficient in providing simultaneous gains. Therefore, by observing the correlations throughout selection cycles, it can be stated that although production per plant is the most important variable, preference should be given to the use of selection indices, as there are better chances of obtaining gains for fruit quality and production traits in selection across half-sibling passion fruit progenies.
Post-harvest quality of bananas Prata-anã and Nanica after application of exogenous ethylene in maturation
Authors: Nobre Regina Célia Gomes Garcia , Lucena Eliseu Marlônio Pereira de , Gomes Josivanda Palmeira , Araújo Dyalla Ribeiro de , Quirino Dannaya Julliethy Gomes
Published: October 2018

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-harvest quality of bananas (Musa x paradisiaca L.) Prata-anã and Nanica after application of exogenous ethylene (C2H4) during maturation. Bananas of Prata-anã cultivar were harvested 18 weeks after the anthesis (WAA) and those of Nanica cultivar with 13 WAA. After harvest, the fruits were submitted to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 applications of 15 mL of ethyl-5/m3 in refrigeration chambers at 15ºC and later stored at room temperature (24 to 28ºC) and refrigerated at 15°C for 10 days. Peel color, fresh weight loss, firmness, total soluble solids, total bark chlorophyll, total bark and pulp carotenoids were evaluated at 0, 3, 4, 7 and 10 days after harvest (DAH). The Assistat program was used in statistical analysis. Among the storage conditions, fruits kept under refrigeration had a longer shelf life. The Prata-anã cultivar was superior to Nanica, presenting maturation indexes ideal for transport and commercialization, evaluated for the interactions of storage temperature, ethylene (C2H4) applications and storage time. It was concluded that the banana Prata-anã requires 3 and Nanica 4 applications of ethyl, for the harvest with 18 and 13 weeks, respectively, in order to promote a fast and uniform maturation.
Trauma cardíaco fatal na cidade de Manaus/AM, Brasil.
Authors: Araújo Antônio Oliveira de , Westphal Fernando Luiz , Lima Luiz Carlos de , Correia Jéssica de Oliveira , Gomes Pedro Henrique , Costa Emanoel Nascimento , Salomão Luciana Macedo Level , Costa Cleinaldo Nascimento
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar o índice de trauma cardíaco fatal na cidade de Manaus e esclarecer os mecanismos de trauma e de morte, o tratamento hospitalar prévio, assim como as lesões associadas ao trauma cardíaco. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo, observacional, transversal, que revisou os laudos de necropsias do Instituto Médico Legal de Manaus entre novembro de 2015 e outubro de 2016, cuja causa mortis foi lesão cardíaca. Resultados: o índice de trauma cardíaco foi de 5,98% (138 casos) dentre 2306 necropsias realizadas no período do estudo. Homens foram afetados em 92%. A mediana de idade foi de 27 anos (14 a 83). A arma de fogo foi o mecanismo de trauma em 62,3% e a arma branca em 29,7%. A exsanguinação foi responsável pela maioria das mortes e o tamponamento cardíaco esteve presente em segundo lugar. Óbito no local ocorreu em 86,2%. Os ventrículos foram as câmaras mais lesionadas. O hemotórax foi descrito em 90,6%. Apenas 23 (16,7%) doentes foram removidos até o pronto socorro, porém seis deles (26,2%) não foram submetidos à toracotomia, apenas à drenagem de tórax. O pulmão foi acometido em 57% unilateralmente e 43% bilateralmente. Conclusão: o trauma cardíaco fatal representou um índice de 5,98% na cidade de Manaus. A maioria dos doentes morre na cena do trauma, geralmente devido à exsanguinação causada por ferimento de arma de fogo. Cerca de um quarto dos pacientes que chegaram ao pronto socorro e morreram, não foram diagnosticados com trauma cardíaco em tempo hábil.
Análise comparativa das normas de gestão de responsabilidade social e sua abrangência
Authors: Andrade Valdelis Fernandes de , Bizzo Waldir Antonio
Published: October 2018

Resumo Os modelos de sistemas de gestão de responsabilidade social foram desenvolvidos para atender às demandas de organizações na implantação de práticas de gestão que sejam efetivas nas melhorias das relações com as partes interessadas, na melhoria da performance organizacional na dimensão da responsabilidade social e na promoção da sustentabilidade organizacional. Neste trabalho são analisados os principais modelos de gestão de responsabilidade social, desenvolvidos na forma de normas, certificáveis ou não, que foram comparadas quanto a origens, objetivos e conteúdo, incluindo uma análise da contribuição destas na melhoria da qualidade de vida no trabalho.
Argamassas com resíduos para revestimento isolante térmico de parede pré-moldada de concreto
Authors: Passos P. M. , Carasek H.
Published: October 2018

Resumo Inserido em contexto de preocupações com desempenho térmico e sustentabilidade na construção civil, este trabalho visou desenvolver argamassas com propriedades isolantes térmicas para revestimento de paredes pré-moldadas de concreto. O programa experimental avaliou três dosagens de argamassa com resíduo de poliestireno expandido (EPS) e resíduo da produção de placas isolantes termoacústicas (contendo fibras de lã de rocha, lã de vidro e vermiculita expandida), e uma dosagem de referência. Caracterizou-se o resíduo por meio de MEV, DRX, FRX e picnometria a gás hélio. Efetuaram-se ensaios das argamassas (estado fresco e endurecido), do revestimento aplicado (resistência de aderência e permeabilidade à água) e avaliação do desempenho térmico do sistema de vedação. Os resultados demonstraram potencial das argamassas com resíduos como revestimento isolante (valores de condutividade térmica até quatro vezes inferiores aos de referência). A inserção do resíduo com fibras otimizou propriedades mecânicas das argamassas e do revestimento (resistência à tração e de aderência).
Effect of carbon nanotubes reinforcement on the mechanical properties of alumina and ZTA composites for ballistic application
Authors: Couto C. A. de O. , Ribeiro S. , Passador F. R.
Published: October 2018

Abstract Toughened and hardened alumina/carbon nanotubes and zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA)/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites were developed by conventional ceramics route using pressureless sintering for the ballistic application. The multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNT) were functionalized with nitric acid oxidation reaction. Moreover, the surfactants sodium dodecyl sulphate and gum arabic were used to promote a homogeneous distribution of CNT in the ceramic matrix. Ceramic powders were prepared with pure alumina, alumina with the addition of 20 wt% of tetragonal zirconia/yttria, alumina/CNT and ZTA/CNT with the addition of 0.1 and 0.5 wt% of CNT. The morphology of nanocomposites was characterized by SEM-FEG. The mechanical properties of sintered samples were evaluated by flexural bending, Vickers microhardness and fracture toughness by SEVNB method. The addition of CNT in the ceramic and composite caused a general increase in densification, hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness. ZTA composite with the addition of 0.1 wt% of CNT yielded the best results.
Influence of the diameter of ground date pits on the technological properties of clay bricks
Authors: Djafri G. , Chelouah N.
Published: October 2018

Abstract The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diameter of ground date pits (GDP) on the technological properties of a clay brick. For this purpose, increasing amounts of GDP (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%) with different diameters were mixed with a clay to produce clay bricks by pressing, drying and then firing at 900 °C. The GDP diameter and content changed the water requirement for plasticity. The shrinkage, water absorption and apparent porosity of fired clay brick increased with the content and diameter of GDP. The compressive strength, apparent density and thermal conductivity of the samples decreased with the increase in diameter and content of GDP. With the help of SEM micrographs, it was observed that the combustion of added GDP in the mixture led to a reduction in the diameter of pores formed in the fired clay brick samples.
Synthesis of novel red phosphate pigments from manganese carbonate to imitate natrophilite
Authors: Onoda H. , Fujikado S.
Published: October 2018

Abstract A novel red pigment, sodium manganese phosphate (NaMnPO4), imitating natrophilite, was synthesized from manganese carbonate by heating under various conditions. The powders obtained were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible reflectance spectroscopy, and L*a*b* color space. Samples synthesized at 500-800 °C presented XRD patterns associated with NaMnPO4. By heating at a higher temperature, the samples exhibited lighter color. The sample synthesized at 700 °C indicated the highest a* value. Furthermore, the effects of varying relative amounts of constituents were also studied. The temperature and period of heating, volume of water, and phosphate content affected the color phase of the pigments.
Rubus sellowii Cham. & Schlitdl. (Rosaceae) fruit nutritional potential characterization
Authors: Teixeira M. , Altmayer T. , Bruxel F. , Orlandi C. R. , Moura N. F. de , Afonso C. N. , Ethur E. M. , Hoehne L. , Freitas E. M. de
Published: October 2018

Abstract The aim of this study was to know the physical, chemical and nutritional characteristics of Rubus sellowii (Rosaceae) fruits, known as blackberry, native plant mainly to Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), Brazil. For this, three different populations of this plant were selected and the fruits were analyzed through moisture, ash, titratable acidity, pH, lipids, fibers, carbohydrates, proteins, carotenoids, lycopene, ascorbic acid, aminogram and in vitro digestibility. Fruits showed high acidity (3.28 percent), ash and protein (1.02 and 0.93 percent) and higher ascorbic acid (38.43 mg per 100 g) if compared to Rubus cultivars. Due to Rubus sellowii nutritional properties, they provide benefits to human health.
Electroretinography in eight species of neotropical deer
Authors: Crivelaro R.M. , Thiesen R. , Aldrovani M. , Lima T.B. , Ortêncio K.P. , Padua I.R.M. , Duarte J.M.B. , Laus J.L.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to establish normal baseline ERG values of 23 anesthetized deer belonging to 8 neotropical species (Mazama americana, Mazama nemorivaga, Mazama gouazoubira, Mazama nana, Mazama bororo, Ozotocerus bezoarticus, Odocoileus virginianus and Blastocerus dichotomus). Only right eyes were studied. Chemical restraint was performed using xylazine associated with ketamine, IM, for M. americana, M. gouazoubira, M. nemorivaga, M. nana, M. bororo, O. bezoarticus and O. virginianus. A combination of tiletamine/zolazepam diluted in xylazine 2% was used for B. dichotomus individuals. After 20min of dark adaptation, electroretinograms were obtained using a handheld electroretinography (ERG) machine using the QuickRetCheck Protocol at three different light intensities: 0.01cd.s/m2, 3cd.s/m2, and 10cd.s/m2. After light adaptation, photopic phase was recorded. A-wave amplitude recorded during pattern mixed rod/cone response in M. americana was significantly lower when compared to B. dichotomus. No other differences were observed between the species studied. ERG in Neotropical deer is applicable using a portable ERG system and did not show differences among species in relation to the retinal response at different light intensities. Therefore, the lifestyle of the species is more dictated by the selection pressure of the environment than by physiological factors.
Use of EDTA in the treatment of local tissue damage caused by the Bothrops alternatus venom
Authors: Silva-Neto A.V. , Santos W.G. , Botelho A.F.M. , Diamantino G.M.L. , Soto-Blanco B. , Melo M.M.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Twelve adult rabbits were distributed in three groups and received on the femoral biceps region, via intradermal injection (ID), 25µg of Bothrops alternatus venom dissolved in NaCl 0.9% and diluted in 0.25mL of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Thirty minutes later, the group G1 received 0.25mL of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) ID while to G2 and G3 25mg of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) dissolved in 0.25mL of PBS were administered via intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) injection, respectively. Evaluations included local lesion and blood profile of all animals, before (time zero) and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, 18 and 24h after venom administration. All animal treated with PBS (G1) and EDTA IV (G3) presented increase of nociceptive stimuli at the site of inoculation of the venom, followed by moderate edema that persisted for 24h. Animals treated with IM EDTA (G2) only manifested increase of nociceptive stimuli at the site of injection 1h after treatment with discrete local edema between 12 and 24h. In relation to the local hemorrhagic halo no differences were found amongst the studied groups. Blood profile revealed significant decrease of segmented neutrophils in all groups. There was also increase in triglycerides and decrease in total protein and albumin in all groups. The local lesion was not altered by the treatments.
Refrigeração do sêmen da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus
Authors: Silva F.C. , Kuhnen V.V. , Sanches E.G.
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Foram estudados diferentes diluentes no processo de refrigeração do sêmen da garoupa-verdadeira. Inicialmente, a taxa e a duração da motilidade e a concentração espermática foram avaliadas, caracterizando a qualidade do sêmen fresco. Para os testes de refrigeração a 4ºC, diferentes diluentes foram testados em atmosfera normal e modificada (100% oxigênio). O sêmen fresco apresentou concentração espermática de 3,1±0,2 x 109 células mL-1, motilidade média de 90%, permanecendo móvel, em média, por 3.060 segundos. No experimento de refrigeração, a taxa e a duração média da motilidade foram mantidas adequadas durante 144 horas para o diluente A (70%; 3100 segundos) em atmosfera normal. Na atmosfera modificada, a qualidade do sêmen caiu drasticamente durante as primeiras 24 horas, independentemente do diluente empregado, não propiciando vantagem em sua utilização. A refrigeração do sêmen da garoupa-verdadeira permite manter por até 144 horas uma apropriada qualidade espermática.
Psittacara leucophthalmus (Aves: Psittacidae) como um novo hospedeiro de Paratanaisia bragai (Trematoda: Eucotylidae) no Brasil: achados clínicos e patológicos: relato de caso
Authors: Teodoro T.G.W. , Oliveira Junior I.M. , Lima H.C. , Reis M.O. , Miranda J.L. , Favoretto S.M. , Pinto H.A. , Lacreta Júnior A.C.C. , Wouters A.T.B. , Varaschin M.S.
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Paratanaisia bragai é um trematódeo que parasita rins e ureteres de aves domésticas e selvagens. Apesar de considerado pouco patogênico pode levar a complicações clínicas e morte em infecções severas. No presente estudo, um caso de parasitismo fatal em maritaca (Psittacara leucophthalmus) por P. bragai é relatado. A ave, oriunda da área urbana do município de Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil, teve manifestações clínicas de apatia, desidratação, dispneia e veio a óbito. Na necropsia foram observados rins aumentados de volume, pálidos, com superfície irregular e nodulações esbranquiçadas. Ao corte verificaram-se parasitos nos rins, que foram processados para montagem de lâminas permanentes e identificados segundo técnica de rotina como P. bragai. No exame histopatológico dos rins foram constatados infiltrado inflamatório linfoplasmocítico multifocal moderado, dilatação de túbulos e focos de regeneração tubular, associados a fibrose intersticial moderada no córtex renal. Na medula renal havia infiltrado de macrófagos, heterófilos, eosinófilos e células gigantes multinucleadas associado a parasitos em ductos coletores dilatados. O parasitismo de P. leucophthalmus por P. bragai é relatado pela primeira vez. A importância de se considerar este parasito entre as possibilidades diagnósticas em aves com insuficiência renal é brevemente discutida.
Histomorphologic characterization of the hepatopancreas of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879)
Authors: Silva M.A.S. , Almeida Neto M.E. , Ramiro B.O. , Santos I.T.F. , Guerra R.R.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT This study aimed to describe the Macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas histomorphology. The hepatopancreas is constituted by a set of blind end tubules, divided into proximal, middle, and distal regions, with the epithelium formed by E, F, B, R, and M cells differently of other species. Measurements of the length and width of the tubules were 419.64+69.09µm and 117.42+16.99µm, respectively. The percentage of each cell type per region was: proximal region (40%B, 20%F, 6.7%M, 33.3%R), middle region (45.4%B, 18.2%F, 9.1%M, and 27.3%R) and distal region (36.4%E, 27.2%B, 18.2%F, 9.1%M, 9.1%R). Cell B that stores glycogen and lipids, is the most commonly found cell in proximal and middle regions. In the distal region, the E, responsible for the mitosis, is the most prominent. M, responsible by nutrient storage, is numerically constant among the portions differently in the Macrobrachium amazonicum. The study for the first time also suggests that in addition to digestive enzymes, the F cell produces protective mucus. The present study generated for the first time a morphometric profile of M. rosenbergii hepatopancreas, demonstrating differences from other species, and can be an important tool for new studies in nutrition, reproduction, and production with the species.
Estresse oxidativo em cães com doença periodontal: comparação dos biomarcadores plasmáticos e salivares
Authors: Silva M.R. , Matono D. , Bosco A.M. , Baptistiolli L. , Torrecilha R.B.P. , Ciarlini P.C.
Published: October 2018

RESUMO A doença periodontal (DP) é a enfermidade inflamatória mais comum da cavidade oral dos cães. A quantificação de biomarcadores do plasma e da saliva tem sido utilizada para avaliar o estresse oxidativo sistêmico (EOS) e local (EOL) da DP humana. Na DP canina, os mecanismos do estresse oxidativo não estão bem caracterizados e estabelecidos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a hipótese de que o EOS ocorre na DP canina e de que a saliva pode ser utilizada para avaliar o EOL. Analisou-se, também, a hipótese de que a ativação do metabolismo oxidativo dos neutrófilos contribui para EOS na DP dos cães. Para tal, foram selecionados 20 cães adultos portadores de DP, agrupados de acordo com o grau de lesão: gengivite (n=6), periodontites leve (n=8) e avançada (n=6). O grupo controle foi composto pelos mesmos 20 cães, 30 dias após o tratamento periodontal. Para avaliar o metabolismo oxidativo dos neutrófilos circulantes foi quantificada a produção de superóxido pelo teste de redução do tetrazólio nitroazul (NBT). As concentrações de oxidante total (TOC) e de espécies reativas ao ácido tiobartbitúrico (TBARS) no plasma foram quantificadas para avaliar o EOS. Para a avaliação do estresse oxidativo local, foi quantificado o TOC salivar e a concentração dos principais antioxidantes da saliva (albumina, ácido úrico e bilirrubina total). O EOS na DP foi confirmado pelo aumento da produção de superóxido dos neutrófilos circulantes, TOC e TBARS plasmático. Foi possível quantificar todos os biomarcadores na saliva de cães, porém nenhum foi capaz de expressar o EOL da DP canina. Esta é uma das primeiras evidências de que o EOS ocorre em cães com DP e que a ativação do metabolismo oxidativo dos neutrófilos pode contribuir para desequilíbrio entre antioxidantes e oxidantes. Este estudo ressalta a importância da higiene bucal dos cães para a prevenção da DP e de lesões degenerativas crônicas de diversos tecidos causadas pelo EOS.
Placement of vertebral screws for spinal stabilization and distraction in a dog with disc-associate cervical spondylomyelopathy: case report
Authors: Marinho P.V.T. , Macedo A.S. , Ferrigno C.R.A. , Dal-Bó I.S. , Paes F. , Bregadioli T.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT A 10-year-old male Rottweiler was evaluated for a 2-month history of recurrent forelimb weakness. Neurologic examination revealed proprioceptive ataxia, tetraparesis and moderate cervical pain. Disk-associated cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM) with static lesion at C3-4 was diagnosed based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The dog was surgically treated by a ventral slot procedure and distraction-stabilization of the vertebral bodies through insertion of vertebral screws with transverse connective bars. The patient had favorable clinical outcome. Neurologic assessment performed 120 days after surgery showed absence of neurologic defects. Radiographic assessment performed at the same time indicated adequate spinal cord decompression although vertebral fusion was not achieved. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case of distraction-stabilization with vertebral (pedicle) screws to treat CSM in a dog. The treatment was well tolerated with no complications and excellent outcome and can be a viable option for this condition.
Surgical sponge associated with platelets rich plasma in skin mesh grafts and layer in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Pazzini J.M. , Serafim E.L. , Uscategui R.R.A. , Almeida V.T. , Oliva C.A.C. , Gärtner F. , Amorim I. , Faria F. , Rêma A. , Reis Filho N.P. , Ferreira M.G.P.A. , Silva A.C. , Huppes R.R. , Moraes P.C. , Oliveira J.A. , Nardi A.B.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate of the efficacy of PRP employment associated with surgical sponges to improve the integration of the graft in the recipient bed. It was held at the Veterinary Hospital UNESP, Campus of Jaboticabal - SP, a study of 64 rabbits, divided into eight groups with eight animals. The groups were divided in control with saline solution 0,9%, control with PRP both without the sponge, surgical sponge with PRP, surgical sponge without PRP, and were used mesh and layer grafts in the respective groups. The data were submitted to statistical analysis (paired t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, with subsequent use of the multiple comparison tests of Dunn, analysis of variance (F) test, Tukey test, P< 0.05). Edema and exudate with 3 and 3 and 7 days (P= 0,03 e P= 0,0049); coloring on the 14th day (P= 0,0001); cosmetic appearance on the 7th and 14th day (P= 0,0026 and P= 0,0001); mononuclear cells (P= 0,01) and polymorphonuclear (P= 0,01); fibroblast proliferation (P= 0,01); collagenous (P= 0,05); hemorrhage (P-007); necrosis and re-epithelialization (P= 0,2928 and P= 0,1). We concluded that the use of Platelet Rich Plasma Gel on skin grafts associated with a sponge as a compressive dressing promote the skin graft survival without a previous granulation tissue.
Técnicas de citologia aspirativa, biópsia e citobloco de medula óssea para identificação e determinação de intensidade parasitária na leishmaniose visceral canina
Authors: Antunes T.R. , Godoy K.C.S. , Oliveira G.G. , Silveira A.W. , Ramos C.A.N.R. , Souza A.I.
Published: October 2018

RESUMO O objetivo com este estudo foi comparar as técnicas de citologia aspirativa, biópsia e citobloco para identificação e quantificação parasitológica de Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi em medula óssea de cães. Amostras de tecido medular de 26 animais, em diferentes estágios clínico-laboratoriais da doença, foram estudadas obedecendo-se os mesmos critérios de investigação nas técnicas de citologia aspirativa, biópsia e citobloco. O menor número de campos para a confirmação parasitológica foi constatado no esfregaço direto obtido por citologia aspirativa. O estágio clínico-laboratorial não influenciou no número de campos necessários para a primeira visualização do agente em nenhuma das técnicas (p>0,05), e menor intensidade parasitária foi observada nas lâminas de citobloco. As técnicas de citologia aspirativa e biópsia concordaram na estimativa do coeficiente de infectividade no tecido estudado (p<0,05). Apesar de a técnica de citobloco permitir a concentração de células e o melhor reaproveitamento de amostras, não demonstrou ser um método adequado para rápida identificação e quantificação parasitológica na leishmaniose visceral canina. Considerando-se suas vantagens, a citologia aspirativa foi o melhor método para detecção microscópica do parasito e determinação do nível de intensidade parasitária no tecido estudado.
Laryngeal Rhabdomyosarcoma in a dog: case report
Authors: Dias F.G.G. , Cintra P.P. , Calazans S.G. , Jorge A.T. , Pereira L.F. , Dias L.G.G.G. , Olivio M.B. , Magalhães G.M.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The larynx is part of the upper respiratory tract and is responsible for phonation. It allows air to pass between the pharynx and the trachea, but prevents food from entering the airways. Laryngeal neoplasms, including rhabdomyosarcomas, are uncommon in dogs. However, these tumors can trigger numerous progressive clinical signs related to respiratory difficulty and altered phonation. The diagnosis of laryngeal cancer should be made based on the history and symptoms of the patient, combined with complementary tests. The treatment of choice is surgical excision, combined or not with chemotherapy. In view of the low incidence of laryngeal cancer, the objective of the present work was to describe a case of laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma detected during necropsy of an adult dog and diagnosed by histopathology, in addition to raising awareness about the importance of the diagnosis and early therapy for the quality of life and survival of affected patients. The results showed that the location of the tumor impaired its early diagnosis. Although malignant, the animal did not develop metastases as has been described in the literature.