bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring reliability heterogeneity with multiverse analyses: Data processing decisions unpredictably influence measurement reliability
Authors: Parsons Sam
Published: November 2022

Analytic flexibility is known to influence the results of statistical tests, e.g. effect sizes and p-values. Yet, the degree to which flexibility in data processing decisions influences measurement reliability is unknown. In this paper I attempt to address this question using a series of 36 reliability multiverse analyses, each with 288 data processing specifications, including accuracy and response time cut-offs. I used data from a Stroop task and Flanker task at two time points, as well as a Dot Probe task across three stimuli conditions and three timepoints. This allowed for broad overview of internal consistency reliability and test-retest estimates across a multiverse of data processing specifications. Largely arbitrary decisions in data processing led to differences between the highest and lowest reliability estimate of at least 0.2, but potentially exceeding 0.7. Importantly, there was no consistent pattern in reliability estimates resulting from the data processing specifications, across time as well as tasks. Together, data processing decisions are highly influential, and largely unpredictable, on measure reliability. I discuss actions researchers could take to mitigate some of the influence of reliability heterogeneity, including adopting hierarchical modelling approaches. Yet, there are no approaches that can completely save us from measurement error. Measurement matters and I call on readers to help us move from what could be a measurement crisis towards a measurement revolution.
The association of eye movements and performance accuracy in a novel sight-reading task
Authors: Lörch Lucas
Published: November 2022

The present study investigated how eye movements were associated with performance accuracy during sight-reading. Participants performed a complex span task in which sequences of single quarter note symbols that either enabled chunking or did not enable chunking were presented for subsequent serial recall. In between the presentation of each note, participants sight-read a notated melody on an electric piano in the tempo of 70 bpm. All melodies were unique but contained four types of note pairs: eighth-eighth, eighth-quarter, quarter-eighth, quarter-quarter. Analyses revealed that reading with fewer fixations was associated with a more accurate note onset. Fewer fixations might be advantageous for sight-reading as fewer saccades have to be planned and less information has to be integrated. Moreover, the quarter-quarter note pair was read with a larger number of fixations and the eighth-quarter note pair was read with a longer gaze duration. This suggests that when rhythm is processed, additional beats might trigger re-fixations and unconventional rhythmical patterns might trigger longer gazes. Neither recall accuracy nor chunking processes were found to explain additional variance in the eye movement data.
Visual scanpath training to emotional faces following severe traumatic brain injury: A single case design
Authors: Vassallo Suzane , Douglas Jacinta
Published: November 2022

The visual scanpath to emotional facial expressions was recorded in BR, a 35-year-old male with chronic severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), both before and after he underwent intervention. The novel intervention paradigm combined visual scanpath training with verbal feedback and was implemented over a 3-month period using a single case design (AB) with one follow up session. At baseline BR’s scanpath was restricted, characterised by gaze allocation primarily to salient facial features on the right side of the face stimulus. Following intervention his visual scanpath became more lateralised, although he continued to demonstrate an attentional bias to the right side of the face stimulus. This study is the first to demonstrate change in both the pattern and the position of the visual scanpath to emotional faces following intervention in a person with chronic severe TBI. In addition, these findings extend upon our previous work to suggest that modification of the visual scanpath through targeted facial feature training can support improved facial recognition performance in a person with severe TBI.
Visual strategies of young soccer players during a passing test – A pilot study
Authors: Vansteenkiste Pieter , Lenoir Matthieu , Krejtz Izabela , Krejtz Krzysztof
Published: November 2022

In sports, studies on visual behavior have mostly focused on expert-novice differences during decision making tasks and during aiming tasks. How visual behavior changes during the early stages of skill acquisition however, has hardly been documented. The current study investigated gaze behavior of young soccer players during the execution of a soccer passing task. Gaze behavior of eleven 8- to 10-year-old soccer players was recorded while they performed the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test. Based on their score, participants were then divided into a high performance group (N=5), and a low performance group (N=6). Results showed that the low performance group tended to look more at the ball while they were handling it. These findings suggest that gaze strategies develop alongside technical skills. More insights in the interplay between technical skills and gaze strategies during skill acquisition could lead to improved training methods for young soccer players.
Characterising eye movement events with an unsupervised hidden markov model
Authors: Lüken Malte , Kucharský Šimon , Visser Ingmar
Published: November 2022

Eye-tracking allows researchers to infer cognitive processes from eye movements that are classified into distinct events. Parsing the events is typically done by algorithms. Here we aim at developing an unsupervised, generative model that can be fitted to eye-movement data using maximum likelihood estimation. This approach allows hypothesis testing about fitted models, next to being a method for classification. We developed gazeHMM, an algorithm that uses a hidden Markov model as a generative model, has few critical parameters to be set by users, and does not require human coded data as input. The algorithm classifies gaze data into fixations, saccades, and optionally postsaccadic oscillations and smooth pursuits. We evaluated gazeHMM’s performance in a simulation study, showing that it successfully recovered hidden Markov model parameters and hidden states. Parameters were less well recovered when we included a smooth pursuit state and/or added even small noise to simulated data. We applied generative models with different numbers of events to benchmark data. Comparing them indicated that hidden Markov models with more events than expected had most likely generated the data. We also applied the full algorithm to benchmark data and assessed its similarity to human coding and other algorithms. For static stimuli, gazeHMM showed high similarity and outperformed other algorithms in this regard. For dynamic stimuli, gazeHMM tended to rapidly switch between fixations and smooth pursuits but still displayed higher similarity than most other algorithms. Concluding that gazeHMM can be used in practice, we recommend parsing smooth pursuits only for exploratory purposes. Future hidden Markov model algorithms could use covariates to better capture eye movement processes and explicitly model event durations to classify smooth pursuits more accurately.
Investigating non-visual eye movements non-intrusively: Comparing manual and automatic annotation styles
Authors: Stüber Jeremias , Junctorius Lina , Hohenberger Annette
Published: November 2022

Non-visual eye-movements (NVEMs) are eye movements that do not serve the provision of visual information. As of yet, their cognitive origins and meaning remain under-explored in eye-movement research. The first problem presenting itself in pursuit of their study is one of annotation: in virtue of their being non-visual, they are not necessarily bound to a specific surface or object of interest, rendering conventional eye-trackers nonideal for their study. This, however, makes it potentially viable to investigate them without requiring high resolution data. In this report, we present two approaches to annotating NVEM data – one of them grid-based, involving manual annotation in ELAN (Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics: The Language Archive, 2019), the other one Cartesian coordinate-based, derived algorithmically through OpenFace (Baltrušaitis et al., 2018). We evaluated a) the two approaches in themselves, e.g. in terms of consistency, as well as b) their compatibility, i.e. the possibilities of mapping one to the other. In the case of a), we found good overall consistency in both approaches, in the case of b), there is evidence for the eventual possibility of mapping the OpenFace gaze estimations onto the manual coding grid.
Smooth-pursuit performance during eye-typing from memory indicates mental fatigue
Authors: Bafna-Rührer Tanya , Bækgaard Per , Hansen John Paulin
Published: November 2022

Mental fatigue is known to occur as a result of activities related to e.g. transportation, health-care and military operations. Gaze tracking has wide-ranging applications, with the technology becoming more compact and processing power reducing. Though numerous techniques have been applied to measure mental fatigue using gaze tracking, smooth-pursuit movement, a natural eye movement generated when following a moving object with gaze, has not been explored with relation to mental fatigue. In this paper, we report the results from a smooth-pursuit movement based eye-typing experiment with varying task difficulty to generate cognitive load, performed in the morning and afternoon by 36 participants. We have investigated the effects of time-on-task and time of day on mental fatigue using self-reported questionnaires and smooth-pursuit performance, extracted from the gaze data. The self-reported mental fatigue increased due to time-on-task, but the time of day did not have an effect. The results illustrate that smooth-pursuit movement performance declined with time-on-task, with increased error in the gaze position and an inability to match the speed of the moving object. The findings exhibit the feasibility of mental fatigue detection using smooth-pursuit movements during an eye-interactive task of eye-typing.
Influence of eye movements on academic performance: A bibliometric and citation network analysis
Authors: Salgado-Fernández Adrián , Vázquez-Amor Ana , Alvarez-Peregrina Cristina , Martinez-Perez Clara , Villa-Collar Cesar , Sánchez-Tena Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2022

Background: For many years it has been studied how eye movements influence reading and learning ability. The objective of this study is to determine the relationships between the different publications and authors. As well as to identify the different areas of research ocular movement.; Methods: Web of Science was the database for the search of publications for the period 1900 to May 2021, using the terms: “Eye movement" AND “Academic achiev*”. The analysis of the publication was performed using the CitNetExplorer, VOSviewer and CiteSpace software.; Results: 4391 publications and 11033 citation networks were found. The year with the most publications is 2018, a total of 318 publications and 10 citation networks. The most cited publication was "Saccade target selection and object recognition: evidence for a common attentional mechanism." published by Deubel et al. in 1999, with a citation index of 214. Using the Clustering function, nine groups were found that cover the main research areas in this field: neurological, age, perceptual attention, visual disturbances, sports, driving, sleep, vision therapy and academic performance.; Conclusion: Even being a multidisciplinary field of study, the topic with the most publications to date is the visual search procedure at the neurological level.
Programme of the 21st European Conference on Eye Movements
Authors: McGowan Victoria , Pagán Ascensión , Paterson Kevin B. , Souto David , Groner Rudolf
Published: November 2022

About ECEM ECEM was initiated by Rudolf Groner (Bern), Dieter Heller (Bayreuth at the time) and Henk Breimer (Tilburg) in the 198 to provide a forum for an interdisciplinary group of scientists interested in eye movements. Since the inaugural meeting in Bern, the conference has been held every two years in different venues across Europe until 2021, when it was planned to take place in Leicester but was cancelled due to the COVID pandemic. It was decided to hold the meeting in Leicester in August 2022 instead, and as an in person meeting rather than an online or hybrid event. Incidentally, the present meeting is the third time the conference has come to the English East Midlands, now in Leicester following previous meetings in the neighbouring cities of Derby and Nottingham.
The sites of previous ECEMs and webpages can be found here.
Book of Abstracts of the 21th European Conference on Eye Movements in Leicester 2022
Authors: McGowan Victoria , Pagán Ascensión , Paterson Kevin B. , Souto David , Groner Rudolf
Published: November 2022

Contents
   Keynotes:
Iain Gilchrist: Integrative Active Vision p 5
Ziad Hafed: A Vision for orienting in Primate Oculomotor Control Circuitry p 6
Fatema Ghasia: Miniscule Eye Movements Play a Major Role in Binocular Vision Disorders p.7
Miriam Spering: Eye Movements as a Window into Human Decision-Making p.8
Monica S. Castelhano: Explorations of how Scene Context and Previous Experience Dynamically Influence Attention and Eye Movement Guidance p.9
 
   Symposia:
Eye Tracking and the Visual Arts p.19
Eye Movements during Text Processing and Multiline Reading p.23
Unstable Fixation and Nystagmus with a Focus on the Next Generation of Researchers p.84
Eye Movements as a measure of Higher-Level Text Processing p.97
Eye Movements in Memory Processes Between Working Memory and Long-Term Memory p.178
Symposium to Honour Alexander Pollatsek’s Legacy to Eye Movement Research p.204
 
   Talks:
Reading p.30
Parafoveal Processing p.36
Cinical and Applied p.39
Visual Search p.92
Eye Movement Control in Reading I & II p.104 & 116 & 225
Reading Development p.110
Decision-Making   p.122
Eye-tracking Methods p.128
Real World and Virtual Reality p.134
Chinese Reading p.185
Special Populations p.191
Visuo-motor p.195
Bilingual Reading p.201 & 217
Reading Comprehension p.219
Pupillometry p.235
 
   Poster sessions:
Attention p.44 & 139
Cognition p. 49
Visuo-Motor p.62
Memory p.145
Methods p.150
Reading p. 57 & 155
Real World p.169
Social Cognition p.173
Confined to Care: Reading Autofiction During the Danish Covid-19 Lockdowns
Authors: Lupton Christina , Schmidt Johanne Gormsen
Published: November 2022

This article draws on a study conducted in the last half of 2020, into the ways in which pandemic has affected the habits of Danish Readers.  Here we focus on just one phenomenon to emerge from that study:  the popularity amongst parents of autofictions that address and enact the ‘sticky’ temporality of care.  With the recent Danish novel, Olga Ravn’s Mit Arbejde  in focus, we suggest that this literary representation of a new mother’s cyclical and ‘stuck’ relation to time has helped readers process their own lockdown experience.  Our case rests, however, less on the mimetic relation of the novel to life, than on the point that even when the subject of the novel suggests this correspondence, reading itself involves a certain forward movement, as well as the making of time for oneself.   
The effectiveness of sustainable tourism education for tourism-specialized high school students
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Huh Dong-geun , Kim Ree-Jung , Kim Hany
Published: November 2022

Continuing efforts are being made to contribute to sustainable development in the tourism industry, and numerous researchers have emphasized the significance of education. However, the number of studies on sustainable tourism education was extremely limited, and the primary research subjects were limited to university tourism majors. This study examined the dimensions of perception, knowledge, attitude, and behavioral intention for sustainable tourism among tourism-specialized high school students, who can be considered the future leaders of the tourism industry, in order to overcome this limitation. In addition, three types of educational materials, including handouts, card news, and videos, were provided to students using a scenario-based design, and the response results of each group were compared to determine the efficacy of each type of educational material provision. Consequently, education improved the overall level of perception, knowledge, attitude, and behavioral intentions; however, there was no significant relationship between the effectiveness of each group's education and any of the variables measured. This study targeted tourism-specialized high school students, which had never been done before in the context of sustainable tourism education, and the results of this study have both theoretical and practical implications for sustainable tourism education.
Efectos del cambio climático en la etnia de los quillacingas
Authors: Quijano Vodniza Armando José , García García Luz Elena
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo realizar una lectura etnográfica de las estrategias comunitarias que los cabildos indígenas quillacingas del municipio de Pasto han implementado para adaptarse y mitigar los efectos nocivos generados por el cambio climático sobre el paisaje cultural (geografía sagrada). El texto se enfoca en los efectos de este fenómeno sobre el buen vivir y el etnodesarrollo.

La investigación adelantada corresponde al enfoque cualitativo de carácter hermenéutico, en donde se aplicó el método etnográfico, utilizándose las siguientes técnicas de recolección de la información: la entrevista, el taller y la observación participante. La unidad de trabajo estuvo conformada por doce integrantes de los cuatro cabildos quillacingas, para un total de cuarenta y ocho participantes entre miembros, líderes y personas mayores de 40 años que por su conocimiento del medio ambiente local se consideraron como informantes clave.

El estudio permitió establecer que el cambio climático está generando efectos adversos sobre el buen vivir en la etnia de los quillacingas, especialmente debido a las alteraciones en la concepción del tiempo y en el manejo del territorio respecto a los ciclos de producción agrícola, los ritos estacionales, las labores tradicionales y las prácticas comunitarias, así como el consecuente desplazamiento de algunos miembros de la familia hacia las ciudades en búsqueda de oportunidades de vida que son esquivas para ellos. Todo esto ha contribuido a aumentar la pobreza y la miseria, la desprotección, la inseguridad y la violencia, el desarraigo hacia sus territorios y la pérdida de identidad cultural.
Eficacia del material didáctico ‘agroforestería’ para agricultores de tres zonas del departamento de Nariño
Authors: Yaqueno Ortega Ana Rocío , Luna Cabrera Gloria Cristina , Leonel Hugo Ferney
Published: November 2022

La inserción de las tecnologías de información y comunicación ―TIC― en la educación ha generado diversidad de materiales educativos didácticos con estructuras complejas y difusión masiva. Sin embargo la evaluación de la pertinencia de dichos materiales en la adquisición de conocimientos es incipiente; por ello el objetivo fue evaluar el material didáctico ‘Agroforestería’ en el aprendizaje de agricultores de tres zonas del departamento de Nariño. Mediante investigación acción participativa se realizó talleres de capacitación en agroforestería. Se trabajó con el modelo Stufflebeam con dos test y una encuesta informal (variables cualitativas sobre diseño del material); los datos se analizaron a través de un diseño experimental de dos factores (f1 material didáctico y f2 tiempo) con el programa SPSS versión 22.0; se construyó un modelo lineal general con medidas repetidas (ANOVA mixto). Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en participantes del grupo control en la prueba intrasujetos y en el grupo experimental en la prueba intersujetos; además, con el equipo técnico interdisciplinario, se identificó la necesidad de realizar algunos ajustes al material en cuanto a imágenes, ideas clave, forma y tamaño. Se concluye que la aplicación de materiales didácticos facilitó el aprendizaje significativo en los agricultores dado que el conocimiento adquirido se mantuvo en el tiempo, lo que evidencia que al integrar gráficos y textos contextualizados en los juegos y al desarrollarlos en un ambiente lúdico se genera una mayor compresión y se estimula la apropiación social del conocimiento.
Evaluación de la sustentabilidad cultural y ambiental de la minería tradicional en Quinchía, Risaralda. Caso de estudio corporación área de reserva especial minera (Corpoare)
Authors: Salazar Duque Yuliana
Published: November 2022

La minería tradicional constituye una de las principales actividades económicas del municipio de Quinchía, localizado en el departamento de Risaralda. El municipio con una riqueza mineral en el 60 % de su territorio alberga 13 asociaciones mineras que, bajo la perspectiva neoliberal reflejada en aspectos como el neoextractivismo, han sido señaladas como insostenibles por sus efectos sobre los ecosistemas y los deficientes aportes a la economía nacional. Este es el contexto territorial que condujo a la investigación: “Evaluación de la sustentabilidad cultural y ambiental de la minería tradicional en Quinchía, Risaralda. Caso de estudio Corporación Área de Reserva Especial Minera (CORPOARE)”.

La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la minería tradicional del municipio de Quinchía hacia la evaluación de la sustentabilidad cultural y ambiental de la actividad. Para tal fin se definieron trece indicadores culturales y ambientales, nueve de ellos orientados a evaluar la sustentabilidad cultural y ambiental de la minería tradicional desarrollada por CORPOARE; una organización agrominera, conformada por 83 mineros tradicionales, localizada en un área de 584 hectáreas del municipio de Quinchía. Estos indicadores, orientados por el referente teórico sustentabilidad cultural y ambiental, permitieron concluir que la actividad minera desarrollada por CORPOARE en el contexto del desarrollo local es sustentable en los aspectos culturales, sociales y ambientales.
Valoración actitudinal proambiental: un análisis global en estudiantes de enseñanza primaria, secundaria y terciaria
Authors: Fuentealba Cruz Marta
Published: November 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar y comprender la forma en que la valoración condiciona los elementos tanto cognitivos como afectivos (de los ámbitos contextual y personal) en la conducta de los estudiantes de enseñanza primaria, secundaria y terciaria con el entorno. Las preguntas orientadoras fueron ¿cuál es la valoración que los estudiantes de diferentes niveles de enseñanza otorgan a temas ambientales? ¿Existe diferencia en la valoración de los estudiantes entre el ámbito personal y el ámbito contextual al interior de las variables actitudinales? ¿Existe diferencia en la valoración de los estudiantes entre el ámbito de contaminación y el ámbito de conservación al interior de las variables ambientales? Para el análisis actitudinal se aplicó la escala de actitudes ambientales de Moreno et al. (2005) a 367 estudiantes. Se confirmó una adecuada consistencia interna de la escala, α Cronbach = 0,776. Se detectó que las mayores diferencias ocurrieron en las variables actitudinales correspondientes al marco personal y las menores diferencias se presentaron en las variables del ámbito contextual. Los resultados fueron relevantes debido a que indicaron que las variables pertenecientes al ámbito contextual son las que se deben reforzar, lo que puede materializarse robusteciendo el currículum a través del fortalecimiento de la educación ambiental. Las mayores valoraciones de las variables ambientales ocurrieron diferencialmente en los estudiantes de enseñanza terciaria, secundaria y primaria respectivamente; igual tendencia se dio en las variables actitudinales, detectándose en su interior que el ámbito contextual obtenía la menor valoración en los tres niveles educativos.
Towards a generalizable project readiness assessment methodology for the mining industry: A literature review
Authors: Mulder H. , Bekker M.C.
Published: November 2022

The principal objective of this investigation was to conduct a thorough literature review on the status of project readiness mechanisms, tools, techniques, and frameworks for mining projects. The review aimed at identifying common readiness evaluation criteria as well as potential shortcomings that prevent the establishment of a generalizable project readiness index. The literature review included a general overview of capital project performances and the importance of project readiness assessments to improve project delivery success. The study then progressed towards literature involving mining projects and how this differs from infrastructure and industrial project assessments. The paper concludes by summarizing the current state of mining project readiness assessments, the unique and differentiating factors to be considered, and suggests recommendations towards the development of generalizable readiness assessment criteria for mining projects.
Inhibitory Effect of Nimbolide on Mast Cell Degranulation and Allergic Asthma in Mice
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Lee Jung-Eun , Im Dong-Soon
Published: November 2022

The Indian neem tree has been used for treating several medical conditions. Nimbolide, an active compound present in the leaves of the Indian neem tree, has shown anti-inflammatory effects in several animal models. However, its efficacy against allergic asthma has not been examined. Therefore, we investigated the effects of nimbolide on mast cell degranulation and ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma in mice. Nimbolide administration inhibited antigen-induced degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and reduced the immune cell numbers by suppressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-13, IFN-γ, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histological studies also demonstrated the in vivo efficacy of nimbolide, evident from the reduced number of periodic acid-Schiff-stained cells and inflammatory scores in the lungs. Furthermore, nimbolide administration inhibited the increase of IL-13 levels, but not that of serum IgE levels. These results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of nimbolide against allergic asthma.
Experience and Perception of Immigrants on Drug Use and Services of Pharmacists
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Cho Hyemin , Lee Yumin , Jang Sunmee
Published: November 2022

Pharmacy utilization among immigrants in Korea is increasing amid the rapidly rising number of immigrants living in the country. However, few studies have investigated immigrants’ pharmacy utilization. This qualitative study used group interviews to explore immigrants’ experiences and perceptions of drug use and pharmacist services in Korea. The study participants consisted of 30 immigrants who had lived in Incheon and Gyeonggi for at least one year and had used pharmacies. The analysis results are grouped under three themes: “Reasons for visiting and selecting a pharmacy,” “Experience and perception of pharmacy and pharmacists’ services,” and “Experience and perception of taking medicine.” Our study shows that immigrants in Korea face language barriers when visiting pharmacies and struggle with Korea’s prescription-dispensing systems, forcing them to rely on their home country communities. However, immigrants who build a relationship of trust with a certain pharmacy tend to visit it regularly. Therefore, Korean pharmacists must strive to build good relationships with immigrants in order to help them adapt to Korea’s healthcare system.
Evaluation of Anti-cancer Efficacy of Potassium Usnate using NIR Imaging of Orthotopic Breast Cancer Mouse Model
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Son Yeseon , Lee Changwook , Yu In Tag , Lee Mijin , Kim Hangun
Published: November 2022

Mouse cancer models are useful tools for evaluating in vivo tumor growth and metastasis, providing valuable information for preclinical testing. In this process, optical imaging enables the mouse models to easily identify the progress of disease in a non-invasive way. Here, we established an experimental bioimaging animal model of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence by using a fluorescence-labeled organism bioimaging instrument (FOBI) and evaluated the anti-cancer effect of potassium usnate (KU) in an orthotopic breast cancer model. The cell viability assay revealed that KU had cytotoxicity with half maximal inhibitory concentration of approximately 138.57, 167.69, and 144.17 μM in 4T1-Fluc-Neo/iRFP-Puro (4T1-iRFP), MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cells, respectively. The measurement of NIR fluorescence from the 4T1-iRFP cells in a microtube via FOBI exhibited a strong correlation between cell number and fluorescence intensity, and the minimal detection limit was 10⁵ cells. Accordingly, NIR imaging was performed on the orthotopic breast cancer mouse model by using FOBI, and regression of tumor progression through intraperitoneal KU administration was successfully monitored. Our results demonstrated the establishment of NIR imaging in the orthotopic breast cancer animal model for evaluating the anti-cancer effect of KU.
Perceived success factors in an outstanding school serving vulnerable students: Case-study of a Chilean public school
Authors: Celedon Gamboa Cristian , Vanderhoven Ellen , Proestakis Maturana Alejandro
Published: November 2022

This research analyses, using a case-study approach, the perceived success factors in an outstanding Chilean public school serving socioeconomically vulnerable students. This qualitative study draws on qualitative interviews with school staff and class observations, using the Instructional Core model as an analytical framework. Analysis revealed that the beliefs and structural cultural values shared by the school community where more relevant to explaining school success than concrete practices, and highlighted the importance of the interrelation among success factors for understanding their impact on school effectiveness. Additionally, elements such as the ongoing and changing nature of success factors, the strong influence of leadership and internal relationships and the use of professional judgement and situated knowledge by teachers were also identified as key to understanding effectiveness. Lastly, the unintended consequences apparent in this case-study are discussed, as the school under study confronts the hostile and inequitable Chilean education policy context. Keywords: school effectiveness, vulnerable students, Chile, public school, thematic analysis.
El Impacto de los Cuentos Motores en el Desarrollo de las Habilidades Fundamentales en Niños con Capacidades Diversas en Educación Infantil
Authors: Gómez Domí­nguez Ma Teresa , Mora Ana Ma Moral , Ros Ros Concepción , Gómez Domínguez Valentina
Published: November 2022

El objeto de este estudio es constatar los efectos de la implementación de cuentos motores en el desarrollo de las habilidades fundamentales: adaptativa, motora, cognitiva y personal-social en un aula inclusiva de Educación Infantil con niños con capacidades diversas. Para ello se ha procedido a la adaptación de un cuestionario ad hoc proveniente del Inventario de desarrollo Battelle.Â  Los Ítems contenidos en el mismo se adecuan a acciones elegidas e introducidas en los cuentos motores y que, a su vez, permiten la observación de su consecución.
Â La muestra está conformada por 20 niños, con y sin diversidad funcional, a los cuales se les evaluaran mediante el cuestionario adaptado ad-hoc, seguido de la intervención, consistente en la implementación de 45 sesiones de cuentos motores, y finalizando con la nueva aplicación de este (pre y postest).
De los análisis realizados se desprende que el cuento motor resulta un recurso lúdico, flexible, motivador y fuente de aprendizaje significativo para los niños con y sin diversidad funcional; es una herramienta sencilla para valorar las capacidades de los niños y su adaptabilidad a la individualidad del alumnado lo convierte en un instrumento adecuado e inclusivo para su utilización en un aula de infantil.
Narrativas y didáctica de las ciencias sociales: el pensamiento histórico del futuro profesorado en Educación Primaria
Authors: López Serrano Miguel Jesús , García-Morís Roberto , López Fernández José Antonio , Medina Quintana Silvia
Published: November 2022

La presente investigación pretende acercarse al pensamiento histórico del profesorado en formación, dada la complejidad para abordar las nociones temporales con niños y niñas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la historia. Para ello, se han analizado diversas narrativas (entrevistas, diarios y cuentos) realizadas por el alumnado del Grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de ANÓNIMO entre los cursos 2015-2016 y 2018-2019, dentro de la asignatura de Didáctica de las Ciencias sociales. El análisis de las diferentes propuestas se sitúa dentro de una metodología cualitativa, empleando cuatro dimensiones: perspectiva histórica, comprensión histórica, procesos de causa/consecuencia y empatía histórica. Los resultados muestran que el profesorado en formación no presenta un nivel alto de pensamiento histórico, lo que indica la necesidad de abordar de una forma compleja su formación en el Grado. En este sentido, nuestra investigación se enmarca en una línea de estudios previos sobre la formación del profesorado desde la perspectiva de la didáctica de las ciencias sociales.
Cuando la innovación docente despierta vocaciones. Efectos del aprendizaje colaborativo en estudiantes universitarios de Comunicación Organizacional
Authors: Martínez-Sanz Raquel
Published: November 2022

La Universidad del siglo XXI apuesta por fomentar la empleabilidad de sus alumnos y para ello potencia el desarrollo de competencias profesionales y de habilidades sociales. A través de la innovación docente y de las metodologías activas es posible implicar al alumno y formarle en el buen hacer; responsabilidad indispensable en el ejercicio profesional de la Comunicación Organizacional, una especialidad caracterizada por tender puentes comunicativos y de confianza entre la organización y sus públicos. Este artículo presenta un doble objetivo, por un lado sistematizar las experiencias derivadas del Proyecto de Innovación Docente “Hazte donante” que, basándose en el aprendizaje colaborativo, involucra  a los alumnos en la creación una campaña de concienciación transmedia para atraer a jóvenes donantes de sangre. Y por otro lado, se comprueba la evolución de los intereses de los participantes (n=80) respecto de la materia y su satisfacción con el proyecto y la metodología empleada. Para alcanzar tales objetivos se recurre a la observación participante, el diario de campo y la encuesta. El estudio demuestra las posibilidades del aprendizaje colaborativo por proyectos para afianzar contenidos, simular el ejercicio profesional y despertar vocaciones.
Learning Online amid COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring students' lived experiences
Authors: CHIKASHA JUBILEE
Published: November 2022

This paper explores the lived experiences of online learning by 2020 first year students in institutions of higher education in South Africa, students with no prior experience of online learning before COVID-19. Using a qualitative approach, a sample of 50 students was interviewed. Findings indicate that students’ online experiences were impacted upon by various factors which resulted in both positive and negative experiences. Factors that impacted learners’ online experiences include those linked both directly and indirectly to technology and learning online. Such factors include online preparedness, lecturer support, student-to-student engagement, flexible learning pathways, connectivity, learning technologies, digital literacy and self-management skills. Generally, students who received proper induction and support from their lecturers and institutions experienced online learning in a positive manner. Some institutions were not prepared for online learning and offered less support to students which affected students’ experiences of online learning. The paper thus argues that there is need for institutions to invest in online learning technologies, for Government to address issues of digital literacy and readiness and ensure that the right infrastructure is available. With the fourth industrial revolution having been fast-tracked by COVID-19, it is prudent to ensure that learners are technologically savvy.
Comparison of fragment analysis and PCR electrophoresis methods for the detection of FLT3‑ITD mutations in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Maslyukova I. E. , Kurochkin D. V. , Martynova E. V. , Bakhtina V. I. , Subbotina T. N.
Published: November 2022

Background. The presence of the FLT3-ITD mutations in patients with AML serves as a marker of poor prognosis, which is included in the ELN 2017 risk stratification guideline. The main criterion for dividing patients into groups according to the predicted outcomes was the allelic ratio (AR) with a cutoff of 0.5: an AR value <0.5 is considered low, and ≥0.5 is considered high. At the same time, if the importance of AR determination is beyond doubt, the value of information about the length of the repeat and localization is still controversial. There are two common approaches for FLT3-ITD screening. The first, more accessible and cheaper method is the method of pCR electrophoresis and the second, more expensive and requiring special equipment, is the fragment analysis method, which allows not only to detect a mutation and determine the repeat length, but also to quantify or calculate AR.Aim. To compare fragment analysis and pCR electrophoresis in the search for the FLT3-ITD mutations in dNA samples from AML patients.Materials and methods. for the period of 2020–2022 fragment analysis and pCR electrophoresis were used to analyze blood and/or bone marrow samples taken from 45 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of AML who were treated at the Regional Clinical Hospital (Krasnoyarsk). Confirmation and identification of the FLT3-ITD mutations was performed by means of Sanger sequencing.Results. both methods revealed the FLT3-ITD mutations in 11 (24.45 %) patients among the 45 patients studied. According to the results of fragment analysis, the median repeat length was 42.70 base pairs (range 26.01–99.84 base pairs), AR was 0.532 (0.027–3.328), and the allelic frequency (Af) was 34.71 (2.67–76.90) %. Three different ITds were identified in one sample. Sanger sequencing identified mutations in 9 of 11 patients.Conclusion. fragment analysis and pCR electrophoresis showed similar results when analyzing samples with different ITd lengths and with different allelic ratios. but it can be assumed that in the case of a small ITd and low AR and Af values, when using pCR electrophoresis, the mutant allele will not be visualized, which can lead to a false negative result. The disadvantage of using the pCR electrophoresis method is also that without the use of special programs that allow determining the size and intensity of the band corresponding to the mutant allele, it is impossible to determine the AR value, which is important for AML risk stratification. Thus, for detection of the FLT3-ITD we recommend using the fragment analysis method.
Molecular genetic abnormalities in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a literature review
Authors: Vasileva A. N. , Aleshina O. A. , Biderman B. V. , Sudarikov A. B.
Published: November 2022

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological disease. Modern polychemotherapy protocols allow achieving a 5-year overall survival of 60–90 % in different age groups, however, relapses and refractory forms of T-ALL remain incurable. Over the past decades, the pathogenesis of this variant of leukemia has been studied in many trials, and it has been found that various signaling pathways are involved in the multi-step process of leukemogenesis. This opens the way for targeted therapy.In this review, we provide an update on the pathogenesis of T-ALL, opportunities for introducing targeted therapies, and issues that remain to be addressed.
Resolution of the Expert Council on the issues of diagnosis and treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms, existing standards and the possibility of their implementation in real clinical practice in Russia
Authors: Melikyan A. L. , Subortseva I. N.
Published: November 2022

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Multiple myeloma with extramedullary plasmacytoma: pathogenesis and clinical case
Authors: Firsova M. V. , Risinskaya N. V. , Solovev M. V. , Obukhova T. N. , Kislitsyna M. A. , Nikulina E. E. , Yakutik I. A. , Abramova T. V. , Sudarikov A. B. , Kovrigina A. M. , Mendeleeva L. P.
Published: November 2022

Background. Multiple myeloma complicated by extramedullary plasmacytoma is an unfavorable variant of the disease. It remains unknown what triggers tumor transformation. The review presents literature data on the pathogenesis of extramedullary disease, as well as a clinical example of a comprehensive study of the tumor substrate.

Aim. To study the molecular and biological characteristics of the tumor substrate of the bone marrow and extramedullary plasmacytoma using various research methods.

Materials and methods. A 55-year-old patient was admitted to National Medical Research Center for Hematology with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma occurring with extramedullary plasmacytoma of the retroperitoneal space. dNA was isolated from samples of different localization (blood plasma, Cd138+ bone marrow cells, plasmacytoma and buccal epithelial cells). The profile of short tandem dNA repeats (STR) from the obtained samples was studied by multiplex polymerase chain reaction followed by fragment analysis. fluorescent in situ hybridization (fISH) of bone marrow Cd138+ cells was performed using various dNA probes. Comparative genomic hybridization on a microarray (arrayCGH) plasmacytoma dNA was also performed. The mutation profile of the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF genes was studied by Sanger sequencing in tumor samples of various localizations.

Results. The induction therapy (vCd (bortezomib + cyclophosphamide + dexamethasone), vRd (bortezomib + lenalidomide + dexamethasone), daratumumab therapy) was ineffective, death occurred 4 months after the first clinical manifestations appeared. Comparison of STR markers of circulating cell-free tumor dNA (cfdNA), Cd138+ bone marrow cells, and plasmacytoma revealed the largest number of involved loci exactly in plasmacytoma’ dNA. A mutation in the NRAS gene was found only in plasmacytoma’ dNA. This indicates the presence of another clone of tumor cells in the extra-medullary plasmacytoma. Molecular karyotyping of plasmacytoma using the arrayCGH method revealed rearrangements of many chromosomes. 1p32.3 bi-allelic deletion, amplification of 1q21, 8q24/MyC rearrangements and del17p13 were confirmed by arrayCGH molecular karyotyping and fISH studies in bone marrow and plasmacytoma.

Conclusion. A comprehensive molecular genetic study of the extramedullary plasmacytoma’ substrate is necessary to understand the pathogenesis mechanisms and, on this basis, to develop differentiated therapeutic approaches.
Diagnosis of acute myelomonocytic leukemia in a patient with extramedullary testicular lesion
Authors: Guskova N. K. , Selyutina O. N. , Lysenko I. B. , Guskova E. A. , Donskaya A. K. , Samaneva N. Yu. , Kapuza E. A. , Pushkareva T. F.
Published: November 2022

A complex clinical case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia with extramedullary lesion of the testis is presented. patient yu., born in 1968, applied to the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology (Rostov-on-don) after an injury to the inguinal region. ultrasound was performed: in the right testicle in the middle third, a mass of 30 × 23 × 16 mm was revealed. A biopsy was performed: the morphological picture is characteristic of a typical seminoma. Orchofuniculectomy was performed on the right. Histopathological conclusion: the morphological picture is more characteristic of a typical seminoma, but does not allow excluding lymphoma. In order to differentiate between a germ cell tumor and a lymphoproliferative disease, an immunohistochemical study of the tumor tissue, a morphological and immunophenotypic study of the bone marrow were performed. According to the immunohistochemical data, the morphological picture and immunophenotype of tumor cells are characteristic of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of the testis with Cd4 co-expression. However, according to the myelogram data, 20 % of morphologically heterogeneous blast cells were found: with round or bean-shaped nuclei, delicate mesh structure of chromatin, 1–2 nucleoli and a monocytoid form of nuclei with indistinct nucleoli. The cytoplasm of varying basophilia degrees, vacuolized, with delicate azurophilic granularity. The content of the monocytoid population was increased (19 %), represented mainly by promonocytes, which corresponds to acute myelomonocytic leukemia. According to flow cytometry, the immunophenotype of blast cells corresponds to acute myeloid leukemia with Cd56 co-expression. In connection with the new data obtained, the histological preparation was revised again with the expansion of the immunohistochemical study. Result: morphological picture and immunophenotype of tumor cells are characteristic of acute myelomonocytic leukemia with extramedullary lesions of the right testicular tissue. final diagnosis: acute myelomonocytic leukemia with extramedullary lesion of the right testicle, with Cd56 co-expression. The presented clinical case showed the need to use a wide range of diagnostic techniques to determine the nature of the disease. The results of morphological and cytometric studies of the bone marrow were decisive in establishing the diagnosis of M4 acute myeloid leukemia with extramedullary lesions of the right testicle in this patient.
Protection of cultural heritage during wartime in Ukraine: legislation and practical aspects of implementation
Authors:   Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, Okhrimenko Maryna
Published: November 2022

The article discusses the legal basis in the field of cultural heritage protection in Ukraine, the powers of cultural heritage protection bodies and the central executive body - the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine on cultural heritage protection, general issues regarding the evacuation of cultural values. The author analyses the international legislation in the field of cultural heritage protection and international aid and support to Ukraine in wartime, including the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The article determines the efforts of state authorities, entrepreneurs, the public, and activists to preserve cultural heritage, in particular regarding the protection of immovable monuments and monuments in the largest Ukrainian cities (Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa). The author characterises the destruction of objects of cultural heritage and the documentation of war crimes against humanity and objects of cultural heritage committed by the Russian occupying forces on the territory of Ukraine. Brief statistics of episodes of Russian war crimes against Ukrainian cultural heritage (by regions, types of cultural heritage objects, etc.) are provided. It discloses the aspects of de-Russification, decommunization in the field of cultural heritage protection in Ukraine since the beginning of the war and the powers of state authorities regarding the dismantling of monuments that do not have the status of objects of cultural heritage or are not registered, removal, de-registration and relocation of objects of cultural heritage. The author raises the need of updating the information on the library collections in connection with the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. It indicates the peculiarities of the protection of intangible cultural heritage in Ukraine and its role during armed conflicts and emergency situations. The author also shows the further measures for the reconstruction of Ukraine and the preparation of a plan for the restoration of Ukraine.