bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends of Using Contraceptive Methods among Married Females of Reproductive Age Group in Village Mangokivirkan, District Gujranwala, Pakistan
Authors: Shahzad Saadia , Maqsood Anjum
Published: August 2021

Background: Use of contraceptives in developing countries is very low, particularly in Pakistan it is 34%.
Objective: To study trends of contraceptive use among married females of reproductive age group in a rural area ofPakistan and to identify possible risk factors influencing the use of contraceptives among the sample population.
Methods: It was a descriptive cross sectional study. A total of 213 married females of reproductive age wereincluded in the study and multistage cluster sampling technique was applied. Study variables included sociodemographic variables along with knowledge and practice of respondents regarding the use of contraceptives. Datacollection instrument was a self-developed questionnaire and data was collected from 220 females.
Results: Mean age was 29.6±6.19 and only 38% were using contraceptive method and 62% were not using anycontraceptive method. Among the respondents 40% were counseled for Family Planning (FP) by some source.Highly significant association was found between contraceptive use and duration of marriage, decision making,family type, desired number of children, counseling for FP, in favor of FP, and number of children alive. Probableinfluencing predictors were found to be decision making of females, type of family, desired number of children,counseling for FP, and in favor of FP.
Conclusion: FP counseling needs to be enhanced on war footing at all levels with due cooperation of communityparticipation.
Developing professional communication skills: Perceptions and reflections of domestic and international graduates
Authors: Sonnenschein Katrine , Ferguson Janet
Published: August 2021

Communication is considered a crucial skill set by employers who require universities to develop students’ communication skills, to meet their requirements in the workplace. This study focuses on graduates’ perceptions of their skill in professional communication; its development during their studies; and its value when making the transition to employment. The paper is based on two studies undertaken in Australia with interviews with graduates. The graduates are both of Australian and Chinese origin working in Australia and China across various industries. Presentation skills, writing, and intercultural skills were considered most important. Although most participants were satisfied with the way they had developed these skills at the Australian university, some international graduates needed more help from university to attain these skills. Recommendations regarding structured interventions for intercultural communication, work-integrated learning, and professional training of academic staff were provided.
Building Professional Competencies Through a Service Learning ‘Gallery Walk’ in Primary School Teacher Education
Authors: Ramsaroop Sarita , Petersen Nadine
Published: August 2021

This article reports on a service learning project in a South African primary school teacher education programme, as experiential and practice-based pedagogy in a social studies methods course. We aimed to broaden understanding of service learning as a form of non-placement work-integrated learning for the development of teacher professional competencies. Student teachers drew on topics in the middle school social studies curriculum and incorporated Indigenous geographical elements with local community history in the design of a service learning ‘gallery walk’ for Grade 5 learners. Using a generic qualitative design, data were generated from students’ and teachers’ reflective journals, lesson plans, photographs and video recordings. It was analysed for common content themes and prominent discourse markers of students’ developing professional knowledge and competencies. The findings provide evidence of deepened student learning, particularly on the influence of context and curriculum differentiation and how their struggles with group work enabled the development of collaboration and co-operation required by professionals. In addition, the service learning prompted changing notions of citizenship and reciprocity of learning.
The Impact of Prior Work-Experience on Student Learning Outcomes in Simulated Internships
Authors: Bayerlein Leopold
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the extent to which a compulsory non-placement work-integrated learning (WIL) activity, in the form of a simulated internship, in an Australian undergraduate accounting program, created learning outcomes for students with different levels of prior work-experience is assessed. The paper extends prior, theoretically based literature by providing an exploratory evaluation of the experiences of students undertaking a specific simulated internship. This evaluation is important because it enables students and higher education providers to evaluate the extent to which a simulation is likely to meet the learning needs and expectations of individual students and student groups. Despite the critical importance of such an evaluation, prior literature has thus far focused on theoretically based evaluations and comparisons of simulated internships, with empirical evidence being largely absent from the literature. Using a series of semi-structured interviews with students, the current paper shows that the evaluated simulation was generally able to develop cognitive, skill-based, and affective learning outcomes, and that students’ learning outcomes were strongly influenced by their prior real-world work-experience. In addition, the paper also shows that the lived experiences of students within the simulation were much more multifaceted and diverse than anticipated in the prior literature. The findings of this paper are relevant for higher education providers and students planning to undertake a simulated internship, or other non-placement WIL activity. Potential challenges and opportunities for different groups of students arising in the analysed simulation are identified and discussed.
Evaluating Alternative Work-Integrated Learning Opportunities: Student Perceptions of Interdisciplinary Industry-Based Projects
Authors: Hayes Melanie , Cejnar Leela
Published: August 2021

Industry and Community Project Units (ICPU) are a work-integrated learning (WIL) initiative designed to provide an interdisciplinary, project-based experience for students based on real-world industry problems. With any new program, reflecting on the course delivery is essential for future quality improvement. Brookfield (2017) has suggested many student-centred approaches through which we can reflect on teaching practice, including Letters to Successors, whereby current students reflect on their experience and provide guidance for surviving and thriving the course, in a letter to future students. This study aimed to analyse the anonymous Letters to Successors penned by four separate ICPU cohorts, to understand students’ perceptions of undertaking interdisciplinary, industry-based projects. The text within the Letters to Successors was analysed adopting a thematic analysis, using a realist and inductive approach. Four key themes were identified in the letters: working with others, focusing on tasks, having fun, and the unique experience. The students were overwhelmingly positive in describing their experience and were grateful for the opportunity to participate in a unit unlike others in their degree programs. Many of the skills and behaviours the students attributed to success align with the transferable skills required to develop their employability; this demonstrates the value of this non-placement WIL initiative as an alternative for traditionally lengthy placements or internships that can be burdensome for both student and industry. Further research to expand our findings, or to alternatively explore the views of staff and industry partners, would be valuable in ongoing evaluations of interdisciplinary, industry-based projects as an alternative model of WIL.
Choosing Challenge
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   Character Lab
Published: August 2021

If you've ever copied text and pasted it elsewhere, or used the find-and-replace function, you owe a debt to Larry Tesler.

Tesler passed away earlier this year, and I learned in his obituary how his remarkable innovations helped simplify the everyday lives of millions of people, including mine.

Before Tesler, word processing programs had different modes, and the user had to memorize multiple sets of keystroke combinations and how they worked across modes. This complexity always tripped him up, Tesler later recalled, so he set out to create a simpler way to interact with computerized text. It would become his lifelong passion to make computers “user-friendly,” to use the phrase Tesler helped coin.

Tesler embodied what developmental psychologists call mastery behaviors—the inclination to seek out challenges, invest effort in learning, persist when difficulty mounts, and rebound from failure.
Environments, Past and Present
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   Character Lab
Published: August 2021

For more than a century, scientists have known that acute stress activates the fight-or-flight response. When your life is on the line, your body reacts instantly: your heart races, your breath quickens, and a cascade of hormones sets off physiological changes that collectively improve your odds of survival.

More recently, scientists have come to understand that the fight-or-flight response takes a toll on the brain and the body—particularly when stress is chronic rather than acute. Systems designed to handle transient threats also react to stress that occurs again and again, for weeks, months, or years.

It turns out that poverty, abuse, and other forms of adversity repeatedly activate the fight-or-flight response, leading to long-term effects on the immune system and brain, which in turn increase the risk for an array of illnesses, including asthma, diabetes, arthritis, depression, and cardiovascular disease. Pioneering neuroscientist Bruce McEwen called this burden of chronic stress “allostatic load.”
Making Kindness Common
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   Character Lab
Published: August 2021

Unlike Rich Maiore, my girls Amanda and Lucy had the good fortune of learning about Alex Scott when they were very young.

Like many schools in the neighborhood—just a few miles from the Scott family home—our local preschool held an Alex's Lemonade Stand each summer.

In preparation, Amanda and Lucy and all their classmates made signs,
checked their supplies, and urged parents, grandparents, and anyone
who'd listen to stop by.

On the big day, my husband Jason and I took time off from work and
stood in line and bought glasses of lemonade. We bought yellow bracelets
that said “One Cup at a Time.” And we listened as these children,
including our own, retold the story of a little girl just about their
age who had a terrible disease and a big heart.

We watched, and they watched, a whole neighborhood of families stop
what they were doing and, for a moment, let themselves be inspired by a
single act of kindness that grew larger than anyone could have ever
dreamed.

What happens when we see other people act generously?
Meaning Is Subjective
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   Character Lab
Published: August 2021

Objectively speaking, there's nothing cool about sleep deprivation.

But when I was younger, the early-to-bed-early-to-rise lifestyle seemed lame.
In my teens, I thought it was cool to stay up watching late-night talk
shows. In my twenties, as a management consultant, I took a perverse
pride in getting to the office before dawn and working late into the
evening.

Likewise, according to my teenage daughters, there's a certain cachet
to staying up too late and arriving to school with a large coffee in
hand.

If you have teenagers in the house, ask them how they feel about an
earlier bedtime. Perhaps you'll arrive at the same conclusion as a
recent study that systematically probed the issue with focus groups of adolescents.
Practice Makes Perseverance
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   Character Lab
Published: August 2021

Why do parents encourage their children to play baseball, soccer, or
any other sport? Why, for years, did my husband drive our daughter Lucy
to viola lessons? 

We know that most kids won't grow up to go pro or make their living
playing in an orchestra. Bill Fitzsimmons, dean of admissions at
Harvard, tells me that most of the very serious athletes and musicians
whom he admits each year develop new passions once they come to campus. 

So why, as a scientist, do I believe these endeavors matter? It's not
easy to do random-assignment studies of sports, music, or any other
extracurricular activity. Ethically, you can't force kids into a
pursuit, or prevent them from doing what they love, in the name of
science.
Reserve Judgment
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   Character Lab
Published: August 2021

My dad taught me how to think.

Not what to think—but how.

I was in seventh grade when we started a ritual of sneaking out of
the house early on Saturday mornings, letting my mom sleep late, and
walking 10 blocks to the neighborhood diner. We'd settle into a booth
and order our usual (two eggs, over easy, with home fries and bacon). 

Eating always took less time than the walk there and back. For one
thing, my dad walked ponderously, as if thinking took so much attention
that only a very little bit was left over to direct his feet to keep
moving forward. For another, Dad would come to a full stop whenever he
thought especially hard about what we were discussing. It could take
forever to get to breakfast.

Often, we'd talk about whatever was on Dad's mind—thermodynamics, the
economy, his work. Wherever our conversations started, their
destinations were, unlike the diner, neither planned nor foreseen at the
start.
Step Back
Authors: Leonard Julia ,   Yale University
Published: August 2021

“It's not working! I'm just no good at science.” 

“Oh no!” I thought. This reaction was exactly what I was trying to
prevent. I was teaching third through fifth graders about potential and
kinetic energy, and they were using pipe insulation and other
recyclables to build roller coasters for marbles. 

I hurried over to the student's table and lifted up the beginning of
her roller coaster to give the marble more potential energy—enough to
get it through the first and second loop. It worked! She was gleeful at
the success, and I had time to move on and help the next student. 

Ten years later, I now realize I had done the wrong thing.
Summer Is for Sampling
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   Character Lab
Published: August 2021

I spend a lot of time studying women and men at the pinnacle of their
fields. The interest they take in their work is so intense as to border
on obsession.

As legendary football coach Bill Walsh described it, “you're up at 3
a.m. every night talking into a tape recorder and writing notes on
scraps of paper…”

A lot of ambitious young adults I meet have no fear of a life like
that. In fact, what they fear is the opposite: a kind of aimless
wandering from one interest to another, always searching but never
finding a home. Likewise, many parents ask me for advice on how to get
their kids to stick to one thing for years and years like the paragons
of grit I study.

I can empathize. In the decade of adult life it took me to commit to
becoming a psychologist, I was desperate for direction to match my
determination.
Talking to Yourself
Authors: Kross Ethan ,   University of Michigan
Published: August 2021

In 2012, a 14-year-old Pakistani girl received one of the most
frightening messages imaginable: a terrorist group was plotting to kill
her.

Her name was Malala Yousafzai, and two years later, after recovering
from a gunshot wound to the face, she would become the youngest Nobel
Peace Prize Laureate. But in that initial moment, when she had just
heard about the threat against her life, she found herself focusing
inward trying to make sense of her situation. 

When we're stressed, turning inward is a common response—but it often backfires. Instead of making us feel better, it leads us to experience chatter.

Chatter is the cycle of negative thoughts and feelings that turn our
capacity for introspection into a vulnerability rather than a
strength—we worry, ruminate, and catastrophize rather than come up with
clear solutions for how to improve our circumstances. And chatter is
even more common now, given the turbulence of a once-in-a-century
pandemic, a racial reckoning, and extreme political polarization.
Tell Me Something Funny
Authors: Falk Emily
Published: August 2021

My grandmother always opens our conversations with “So, tell me something!” 

When I was a teenager, I often felt paralyzed, thinking, “What do you want to know?”  

But then I discovered a trick: I loved watching late-night parodies of the news like Saturday Night Live and The Daily Show,
and I would repurpose their jokes to make her laugh. That motivated me
to watch more carefully, so I could remember the details to share
later—and even to consult other news sources for context. 

Although some might consider watching comedy shows to be “wasting time,” recent research
shows their value: humor helps people remember information and makes
them want to talk about it. When shown policy-related news with a
punchline, young adults recalled the facts better and were more
interested in sharing the information compared to those presented with
straight news.
Temptation Bundling
Authors: Milkman Katy ,   University of Pennsylvania
Published: August 2021

When I was an engineering graduate student, I regularly disappointed myself. 

Rather than get my schoolwork done, I'd crawl under a blanket with a
juicy novel or thriller. Later, after I finally turned to studying and
finished my problem sets, I couldn't get myself to exercise.

Then one day it hit me: What if I only let myself enjoy page-turners while working out? 

I tried it, and practically overnight, I stopped wasting time when I
should have been studying. Instead, I started craving trips to the gym
to discover what would happen next in whatever novel had me engrossed.
Not only that, I enjoyed the novels and workouts more combined—I didn't
feel guilty reading, and time flew at the gym.
The Element of Surprise
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   Character Lab
Published: August 2021

“Cows don't get cavities.”

“Really?” 

“Nope. They don't. Surprising, right? They eat all day long. And obviously, they're not brushing their teeth.”

Mark was getting excited now. 

And so was I. It wasn't that I had strong preexisting convictions
about cows and cavities. But nonetheless, I leaned forward, eyes wide,
eager to know more.

“Neither do horses,” Mark continued. “Unless you feed them sugar cubes, of course.”

Mark Wolff is the dean of Penn Dental Medicine. He has known for a
long time that refined sugar is a massively important cause of
cavities—much more important than I'd realized.
The Power of Proactivity
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   Character Lab
Published: August 2021

Ten years ago, this thought went through Alex Freid's head as he
watched the sofas and microwave ovens, the dinner plates and coffee
mugs, the refrigerators and rugs piling up and around the dumpsters on
his college campus. Graduation was around the corner, and hundreds of
seniors were busy purging their apartments and dorms.

So much waste, Alex thought to himself. Only a few months
later, hundreds of first-year students would be arriving and, almost
immediately, going out to buy new versions of what today was being
carted off as trash.

Somebody ought to store all this stuff over the summer, Alex thought. And then sell it back cheap to the new students come fall.

In a flash, Alex realized that he was the “someone” who should do something about the heartbreaking waste.

Taking action is what turns well-meaning bystanders into inspiring heroes.
Under the Influence
Authors: Zaki Jamil ,   Stanford University
Published: August 2021

If imitation is the sincerest form of flattery, my three-year-old
really lays it on thick for her big sister. She wears the same clothes,
reads the same books, sings the same songs, and even tries to finish her
sister's sentences. I often try to convince my younger kid to think for
herself—and she often does—but recently, I stopped myself, realizing
how lucky she is to have a kind, compassionate, creative big sibling to
walk alongside.

Conformity gets a bad rap. It conjures up images of peer pressure and
bullying, driven by our unscratchable itch to fit in. Yet there's
almost nothing more human. We are a herd species, and throughout our
history, societies have succeeded by cooperating and coordinating. As
such, one of our most powerful instincts is to be part of something
greater than ourselves—to find where others are and join in.
Analisis backswing dan release ketepatan shooting dalam olahraga petanque
Authors: Ardhiyanto Sigit , Widiyatmoko Fajar Ari , Zahraini Dian Ayu
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Petanque throwing technique in UKM UPGRIS. The method used in this research uses quantitative research methods with a comparative approach and is assisted by the Kinovea software application version 0.9.3 which is used to measure. Kinovea is one of the software used to analyze motion, using this application we can play the captured video for analysis. The results of this study concluded that based on the analysis of several samples, the athlete's height and arm length affected the size of the backswing and release angles. There are differences in backswing and release angles based on the hypothesis test for the distance of 6 backswing 68-113, an average of 95.33 and 52-96 releases, an average of 66.83, a distance of 7 backswing 67-113, an average of 103.18 and a 52-89 release, average 75.27 average, 8 backswing distance 78-119, 106.27 average and 58-90 release, 77.90 average, and 9 backswing distance 78-140, average 111.45 and 60-91 release, average 79.81. There is no significant difference in the type of shooting, because a significant value <0.05, H0 is accepted. The conclusion of this study is that the taller the athlete's body and arm length, the smaller the backswing and release angle used and vice versa. There are differences in backswing and release angles at shooting distances of 6 meters, 7 meters, 8 meters and 9 meters. There is no difference in backswing and release angles to the accuracy of shooting carreau, reussi, and touche types.
Modifikasi alat cakram untuk proses pembelajaran
Authors: Kinanti Laras Gita , Hinda Zhannisa Utvi , Herlambang Tubagus
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to modify a simple disc device for learning physical education. The research method used was the development of Borg & Gall, namely (1) collecting information, (2) developing the initial form (in the form of a disc tool model), (3) expert validation testing, namely using 1 validation of athletic experts and one physical education learning expert, and small-scale trials using questionnaires and analysis, (4) revision of the first product design, based on the results of experts and small-scale trials (20 students), (5) field trials (48 students), (6) final product revision, (7) the final result of the modification produced through revision of field trials.The results of expert validation were carried out by 2 validities, namely validation in the field of athletic experts and validation of physical education material experts, and the results obtained in each validity were the first for the validation results in the field of athletic experts getting a percentage of 87.6% calcification (Good) , the second for the validation results in the field of Physical Education material experts got a percentage of 83.0% with the classification (Good). The results of the student questionnaire on a small scale test got a percentage of 86.6% (good). the results of the questionnaire on large-scale test students got a percentage of 81.8% (good).The conclusion and advice is that the development of a modified model of disc throwing tools with iron plate waste media can be used as an alternative to discus throwing. With the modification of disc throwing, teachers and students can be helped in learning discusses, students are interested and more active and excited in learning throw the disc.
Tierras indígenas y servicios militares en la frontera sur de Cuyo, siglos XVII-XIX
Authors: Escolar Diego
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo analiza cómo los indígenas del centro de Cuyo obtuvierron y defendieron el reconocimiento de tierras y liderazgos en las lagunas de Guanacache y Corocorto desde fines del siglo XVII hasta principios del XIX. La hipótesis principal es que la necesidad de los españoles de proteger la frontera con pueblos mapuche abrió un espacio para la obtención de esos derechos para los indios tempranamente colonizados al interior del territorio de dominio colonial, a cambio de su presencia militar defensiva y servicios militares en la frontera.
Los procesos de institucionalización del agua en la Provincia de Salta. El caso de Cerrillos (Provincia de Salta) entre 1901 y 1921
Authors: Ontivero Daniel Medardo
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es estudiar el proceso de institucionalización del agua dado entre 1901 hasta 1921 en el Departamento de Cerrillos, para lo cual se avanzará con el análisis del marco regulatorio dado en dicho período, teniendo en cuenta las dinámicas locales en relación con la aplicación del mismo. Ello, nos permitirá interiorizarnos en las diferentes acciones llevadas a cabo por el estado provincial respecto al manejo del agua, aportando referencias sobre un período que se caracteriza por un vacío historiográfico. Por otra parte, nos centraremos en un enfoque regional con perspectiva local, permitiendo comprender las razones por las que, si bien dicho proceso se inició a principios del siglo XX, recién pudo concluirse con el Código de Aguas provincial (1946).
El pasado reciente de Argentina en el cruce de temporalidades múltiples. Una reflexión situada en dos experiencias de investigación microsociales
Authors: Rodríguez Andrea Belén , Seitz Ana Inés
Published: August 2021

El trabajo analiza las potencialidades que emergen del abordaje del estudio de ciertos acontecimientos y procesos del pasado reciente de Argentina desde escalas temporales múltiples. El punto de partida de esta reflexión lo constituyen nuestras investigaciones que se centran en el estudio de las subjetividades, vivencias y representaciones de diversos actores sociales en la última dictadura militar argentina (1976-1983) y en el marco del Conflicto del Atlántico Sur (1982) desde una perspectiva microanalítica. En el artículo, pues, exploramos distintas formas en que el cruce entre diversas temporalidades es fundamental para enriquecer la comprensión situada e histórica de las experiencias y percepciones de los sujetos estudiados.

El trabajo está organizado en torno a tres momentos. En el primero, realizamos un recorrido sobre el uso de distintas escalas temporales en la historiografía de las actitudes sociales en la última dictadura militar y en la guerra de Malvinas. A partir de este examen, abordamos las potencialidades del cruce de distintas duraciones para comprender las experiencias, prácticas y representaciones de los actores. Finalmente, reflexionamos sobre la necesidad que tienen en común nuestras investigaciones de considerar determinadas variables y contextos que se insertan en temporalidades múltiples, así como los efectos de este análisis en la comprensión histórica de ambos objetos de indagación.
Carlos Pastore y el Instituto Histórico y Geográfico del Uruguay: redes intelectuales y homenajes en el Centenario de Artigas
Authors: Borba Eguren Matías
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo analiza la participación de Carlos Pastore – intelectual y político paraguayo, exiliado en Montevideo en 1942 – en los homenajes a Artigas, realizados por el Instituto Histórico y Geográfico del Uruguay en 1950. Se busca establecer su papel como articulador entre el Instituto y otros paraguayos – en su mayoría exiliados –, aplicando técnicas del social network analysis y de text mining, para graficar la red político-historiográfica a su alrededor. Se pretende señalar cómo los homenajes a Artigas fueron una oportunidad para los exiliados paraguayos de utilizar el pasado como herramienta de militancia contra la situación política de Paraguay.
A Framework for Increasing Sustainability in Affordable Housing: Case Studies in Turkey
Authors: Paşalar Çelen , Demir Özlem , Hallowell George
Published: August 2021

The concentration of city populations profoundly impacts the environment and human well-being, posing massive sustainability challenges related to affordable housing and its infrastructure. Turkish cities are part of this global trend resulting in new aspirations for affordable and rapidly built public housing, including those created since 2003 by the Mass Housing Development Administration (TOKI).

A major challenge for affordable housing in developing countries, such as Turkey, is the lack of a holistic and viable sustainability framework for use in their creation. Currently, empirical case studies of successful housing projects and city design and planning literature provide a rich source of background data on affordable housing strategies, yet a detailed set of urban sustainability indicators are neither well defined nor integrated. The primary goal of this article is to articulate the components of economic, environmental, and social sustainability (e.g. land-use, energy use, design process, accessibility, density, affordability), while outlining a set of guidelines for affordable housing that can be operationalized by agencies fostering a more sustainable quality of life, such as TOKI. The article begins with a review of literature to identify sustainability indicators applicable to low-income residential environments, then examines two TOKI housing projects in Turkish cities, Bursa and Amasya.
The Changing Landscapes of Ankara: A Critical Ground for Integrative Urban and Landscape Development
Authors: Çavdar Sert Selin , Baş Bütüner Funda
Published: August 2021

This article offers a critical reading of the changing landscapes of Ankara, exposing the still existing potential for framing integrative urban strategy-making. Ankara has undergone intense urban expansion since the 1950s, and like other cities, it is still dealing with large scale construction/destruction engendering dramatic landscape loss in various contexts and scales. Although change in the landscape is typical of urbanization, nature and landscape were largely undervalued in the implementation of urban development strategies in Ankara. Contradicting per capita green space policies, the well-structured urban landscape, including both natural and planned/designed landscapes from the Republican Period were fragmented and reduced. Valleys creating corridors for fresh air and offering a reserve for agriculture were engulfed by squatter houses, then by new housing projects; streams, defining a blue infrastructure accompanied by fertile lands were partially covered over or canalized. Furthermore, the landscape heritage of the early Republican Period, which played a key role in the modernization of societal and urban life, was also undervalued, while the urban park system has been diminished. This article identifies representative examples of fragmentation and loss of the landscape fabric, as well as the latent potential of the landscape to articulate a sustainability agenda for Ankara
Spatial Characteristics of Urban Waterfronts: Evaluations on the Historical Waterfronts of Istanbul
Authors: Seçmen Serengül , Turkoğlu Handan
Published: August 2021

In the second half of the 20th century, urban waterfront development began in North America and spread around the world. During the development process, urban waterfronts were assigned various functions, however following their spatial transformation, various problems such as weak interaction with water, weak physical accessibility, and the loss of historical identity have occurred directly affecting open spaces. Since the 19th century, the transformation of Istanbul waterfronts has occurred in parallel to the urban development process but without being a part of holistic planning approach. In time, the loss of open spaces, the lack of qualities such as the spatial interaction with water, the weak accessibility by public transportation and the lack of diversity for recreational activities have grown into common problems. This article discusses the results of a study focused on the spatial characteristics of open spaces especially referring to historical waterfronts (Eminönü, Karaköy, Kadıköy, Üsküdar, Beşiktaş) in consideration with the qualities of ‘water-based environment’, ‘connectivity and continuity’, ‘imageability’, ‘compatibility’ and ‘looseness’.
Guest Editorial
Authors: Oktay Derya
Published: August 2021

In the last century, Turkey has encountered many urban issues as a consequence of an increasingly urban population characterized by its heterogeneity (diversity). Expansion of urban areas, intensification of developments within existing cities and towns, and the continued proliferation of high-rise and other intensive building types have resulted in the deterioration of the overall character of cities, and the ongoing loss of natural and socio-cultural resources. A multiplicity of design and planning issues is currently to be found in Turkish cities which also face an array of complex challenges in different domains. This complex and challenging situation prompted us to compose this special issue, which marks the return of the Ekistics journal following a pause of thirteen years. I am delighted to have put together the first issue of the journal in its renewed form with an updated title: Ekistics and the New Habitat.
Physiological Acclimation of Dicranostigma henanensis to Soil Drought Stress and Rewatering
Authors: Wang Ning , Chen Hao , Wang Lei
Published: August 2021

The adaptability of plants to drought not only includes their ability to resist drought stress, but also their ability to recover after stress is relieved. In this study, a weighting method was used to control the soil water content to produce a soil water stress gradient. The effects of drought and rewatering on the changes in osmotic adjustment substance content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and photosynthetic characteristics of potted
Dicranostigma henanensis
seedlings were measured on Day 28 after the imposition of watering treatments and Day 7 after rewatering. During the drought stress process, the relative electrical conductivity, thiobarbituric acid, water use efficiency, and proline content displayed a continuously increasing trend. Further, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate constantly decreased, while the chlorophyll content first increased and then decreased. After rehydration, superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activity and photosynthetic parameters quickly recovered to the CK level (soil moisture is 75%–80% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field), indicating that
D. henanensis
plants have a strong ability to repair the damage caused by drought stress. In particular, the photosynthetic machinery may have sophisticated regulation and repair mechanisms, which may be associated with its stable photosystem. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the
D. henanensis
plant has a strong ability to adapt to arid environments, and therefore could be an excellent ornamental flower for landscaping in arid and semiarid areas.
All That Is Unwritten in the Poetry of Tadeusz Różewicz
Authors: Banaszak-Jankowska Lidia
Published: August 2021

The article presents Tadeusz Różewicz’s ideas for texts which he didn’t fi nally write but he mentioned
them in his authorial comments and interviews. This leads to the discussion of the category
of the ‘unwritten’ in reference to the author’s biography as well as to the features of his poetics (fragments,
deletions), especially the functions of silence. The gesture of putting down the pen, which
appears in some of Różewicz’s poems, is a point of departure for refl ections about his resignation
from creative acts, which emerges as a crucial aspect of his poetry.
Stupidity in the Media and the Poet’s Silence:
Tadeusz Różewicz’s Play with Journalism and Journalists
Authors: Cieślak Robert
Published: August 2021

Media and communication, journalistic professionalism, the language of the media, the effectiveness
of communication and its limitations, the importance of the press for the creative process,
attitude towards journalists and journalism (including journalistic professionalism) are among
the issues that inform Tadeusz Różewicz’s output as a poet, playwright, prose writer and reporter.
The article presents examples of intertextual relations between literature and the formally developed
and historically and systemically variable sphere of media, mediatization and the journalistic profession.
The problem of the misunderstanding of the professional strategies of journalists and/or
of the social crisis in media communication has also been addressed. Różewicz frames the abovementioned
issues through references to philosophy and theories of communication.
„Negative criticism” in Leopold Staff’s Early Epistolography
Authors: Kowalczuk Urszula
Published: August 2021

The article examines Leopold Staff’s early epistolography in order to show various aspects
of the poet’s „negative criticism” understood as a form of discourse as well as a cognitive and
artistic attitude which the poet juxtaposed with melancholy. It argues that Staff’s opinions about
modernity (based on irony, derision, parody, exaggeration) and their aesthetic code can be situated
across a range of contexts, e.g. the work of the Płanetnicy, the style of Nietzschean culture criticism,
the work of French caricaturists.
CONHECIMENTO DE ENFERMEIROS SOBRE GENÉTICA E GENÔMICA APLICADO AO CÂNCER DE MAMA
Authors: Aben-Athar Cintia Yolette Urbano Pauxis , Sousa Michele Monteiro , Costa Marta Solange Camarinha Ramos , Ueno Thalyta Mariany Rêgo Lopes , Sousa Fabianne de Jesus Dias de , Ferreira Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff , Ramos Aline Maria Pereira Cruz
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento de enfermeiros em genética e genômica aplicado ao câncer de mama. Método: estudo transversal com a aplicação de um questionário desenvolvido pelos autores a enfermeiros assistenciais, maiores de 18 anos, atuantes na atenção secundária e terciária, no município de Belém do Pará, região Norte do Brasil. Realizada técnica de amostragem por conveniência em relação aos locais de coleta e amostragem aleatória simples para o número amostral mínimo de 71 participantes. Resultados: foram abordados 80 enfermeiros com idade média de 42 anos, sendo a maior parte de especialistas. Verificaram-se diferenças entre o nível da atenção em que os enfermeiros atuam e o primeiro contato com genética e/ou genômica (p
FAKE NEWS E INFODEMIA EM TEMPOS DE COVID-19 NO BRASIL: INDICADORES DO MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE
Authors: Ross José de Ribamar , Safádi Marco Aurélio Palazzi , Marinelli Natália Pereira , Albuquerque Layana Pachêco de Araújo , Batista Francisca Miriane de Araújo , Rodrigues Malvina Thais Pacheco
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar e descrever as fake news e a infodemia divulgadas no Brasil em tempos de pandemia por COVID-19. Materiais e métodos: estudo exploratório descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado a partir do levantamento de dados e de informações relacionadas à pandemia da COVID-19 na plataforma “Saúde sem Fake News”. O acesso à plataforma foi realizado por meio dos canais oficiais do Ministério da Saúde e a busca totalizou 85 registros que foram encaminhados, analisados e divulgados, visando à comprovação ou não da veracidade dos dados. A análise e síntese dos resultados foram realizadas de forma descritiva. Resultados: verificou-se a difusão e veiculação de informações em redes e mídias sociais. Dentre os registros identificados, 94,1% foram classificados como fake news, envolvendo diferentes categorias, como medidas de prevenção, métodos terapêuticos e cura, que se destacaram por predominar nesta investigação. Apesar da maior concentração de informações no mês de fevereiro, a redução do número de publicações foi verificada diante do progresso da doença no país. Outros desfechos avaliados envolveram a origem, os mecanismos de transmissão e a relação com outras condições clínicas. Conclusão: diante do cenário incerto, as fake news e a infodemia constituem uma segunda pandemia vivenciada no cenário brasileiro, capaz de impactar negativamente nas medidas de prevenção e controle da COVID-19. Diante disso, destaca-se a necessidade de investimentos em recursos tecnológicos para proteger a sociedade da disseminação de informações falsas, assim como para a conscientização popular em buscar esclarecimentos oficiais, antes de compartilhar notícias sem verificar a veracidade das notícias.
ANSIEDADE, DEPRESSÃO, ESTRESSE E BEM-ESTAR EM CUIDADORES DE PESSOAS COM SEQUELAS DE ACIDENTE VASCULAR ENCEFÁLICO
Authors: Costa Tatiana Ferreira da , Viana Lia Raquel de Carvalho , Silva Cleane Rosa Ribeiro da , Bezerra Thaíse Alves , Pimenta Cláudia Jeane Lopes , Ferreira Gerlania Rodrigues Salviano , Santos Erica Maria Belmiro dos , Costa Kátia Neyla de Freitas Macedo
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: correlacionar a ansiedade, a depressão e o estresse com o bem-estar em cuidadores de pessoas com sequelas de acidente vascular encefálico. Método: estudo transversal e quantitativo realizado com 151 cuidadores informais primários de pessoas com sequela de acidente vascular encefálico. Dados coletados por meio de entrevistas realizadas em domicílios, utilizando-se instrumento estruturado para levantamento de informações sociodemográficas e as Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Estresse-21 e Bem-Estar Subjetivo. Realizou-se análise descritiva e inferencial com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: a maioria dos cuidadores apresentou níveis normais de ansiedade (n=115), depressão (n=116) e estresse (n=120). A maior média de bem-estar subjetivo foi sobre as experiências negativas, refletindo bem-estar total negativo. Observaram-se correlações significativas (p≤0,05) entre o bem-estar subjetivo positivo e negativo e a ansiedade, depressão e o estresse. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que o bem-estar subjetivo dos cuidadores analisados apresentou correlação com os estados emocionais de ansiedade, depressão e estresse.
Association Between Chronologic Age and Geriatric Assessment–Identified Impairments: Findings From the CARE Registry
Authors: Giri Smith , Al-Obaidi Mustafa , Weaver Alice , Kenzik Kelly M. , McDonald Andrew , Clark Deanna , Young-Smith Crystal , Paluri Ravi , Nandagopal Lakshmin , Gbolahan Olumide , Pergolotti Mackenzi , Bhatia Smita , Williams Grant R.
Published: August 2021

Background: The NCCN Guidelines for Older Adult Oncology recommend that, when possible, older adults with cancer undergo a geriatric assessment (GA) to provide a comprehensive health appraisal to guide interventions and appropriate treatment selection. However, the association of age with GA-identified impairments (GA impairments) remains understudied and the appropriate age cutoff for using the GA remains unknown. Patients and Methods: We designed a cross-sectional study using the Cancer and Aging Resilience Evaluation (CARE) registry of older adults with cancer. We included adults aged ≥60 years diagnosed with gastrointestinal malignancy who underwent a patient-reported GA prior to their initial consultation at the gastrointestinal oncology clinic. We noted the presence of GA impairments and frailty using Rockwood’s deficit accumulation approach. We studied the relation between chronologic age and GA impairments/frailty using Spearman rank correlation and chi-square tests of trend. Results: We identified 455 eligible older adults aged ≥60 years with gastrointestinal malignancies; the median age was 68 years (range, 64–74 years) and colorectal (33%) and pancreatic (24%) cancers were the most common cancer type. The correlation between chronologic age and number of geriatric impairments was weak and did not reach statistical significance (Spearman ρ, 0.07; P=.16). Furthermore, the prevalence of domain-specific impairments or frailty was comparable across the 3 age groups (60–64 years, 65–74 years, ≥75 years) with the exception of comorbidity burden. Notably, 61% of patients aged 60 to 64 years had ≥2 GA impairments and 35% had evidence of frailty, which was comparable to patients aged 65 to 74 years (66% and 36%, respectively) and ≥75 years (70% and 40%, respectively). Conclusions: Using chronologic age alone to identify which patients may benefit from GA is problematic. Future studies should identify screening tools that may identify patients at high risk of frailty and GA impairments.
"Den herligste Tidsfordriv"
Authors: Baunvig Katrine Frøkjær
Published: August 2021

I denne artikel viser jeg mhp. en analyse af H.V. Kaalunds og J.Th. Lundbyes Fabler for Børn (1845), hvorledes dyr i 1800-tallet blev garanter for børns særstatus som naturlige og uskyldige. Jeg viser, hvorledes ‘barnlige’ evner som fantasi blev forudsætningen for tre typer af ’genfortryllelse’ af de fremvoksne sociale domæner kernefamilien og nationalstaten samt den religiøse sfære. Jeg argumenterer for, at man bør opfatte disse genfortryllelser som systematiske bekræftelser af Philippe Descolas ontologitypologi beskrevet i Beyond Nature and Culture (2013).
Coupling of Power and Heating Sector – Opportunity for Heating Sector Development
Authors:   , Grāvelsiņš Armands
Published: August 2021

European Union has set ambitious decarbonization goals under Green Deal, therefore, Latvia needs to search for solutions on how to move towards reaching the said goals. Although renewable energy share in Latvia is one of the highest among the European Union countries, it is mostly due to historic heritage, not as the result of implementing meaningful policies. Essential high renewable energy share in power sector comes from three large hydroelectric stations on Daugava, which is heritage from the Soviet Union times. Steady increase in renewable energy share can be observed in District Heating, however it is based on increased utilization of biomass, and that most likely is not a sustainable solution. Considering that bioeconomy will experience significant growth in the future, utilization of wood resource for production of products with low added value will steadily phase out. For energy sector it means the necessity to look for other alternatives to replace fossil fuels. If in other European countries (Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Lithuania, Estonia, et al.) solar and wind technology capacity have significantly increased over last decade, in Latvia this increase is negligible. Only in the last few years significant increase in installed solar capacities can be observed, but total capacity is still low. Latvia needs to seek solutions on how to increase the introduction rate of renewable energy technologies in order to move towards carbon neutrality in 2050. The aim of the Thesis is to develop a comprehensive system dynamics model which can be used to analyze energy sector at both national and local scale. It should include both heating and power sectors and be able to evaluate the possibility of sector coupling and its influence on the total system. Specific objectives are set to reach the aim: to develop a system dynamics model structure for heating system development; to analyze the heating system at local and national scale; to assess the importance of power sector flexibility on system development; to implement the elements of sector coupling in energy system; to analyze sector coupling as a flexibility increase measure for national scale and local systems.