bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Administração Pública digital e a problemática da desigualdade no acesso à tecnologia
Authors: Schiefler Eduardo André Carvalho , Cristóvam José Sérgio da Silva , Sousa Thanderson Pereira de
Published: November 2020

As transformações tecnológicas ocorridas desde o final do século XX redimensionaram as esferas econômica, social e política, interligando-as de forma intensa, continuamente, e transformando as relações estabelecidas na sociedade em rede. Da mesma forma, a Administração Pública passa a estar num contexto digital e é impelida a reestruturar e repensar seu relacionamento com os cidadãos. Nesse sentido, o estudo tem por objetivo analisar a Administração Pública do século XXI – mais digitalizada. Aborda problemática em torno da atualização da Administração, no paradigma do Direito Administrativo contemporâneo, seus processos e o desafio que a desigualdade digital representa para a democracia. Metodologicamente adota-se abordagem dedutiva, apoiada nas técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Conclui-se que as novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação influenciaram no processo de digitalização da Administração Pública, sobretudo com a necessidade e adoção de processos administrativos eletrônicos e serviços públicos digitais. Em que pese a contribuição positiva das tecnologias e a revolução na gestão pública, é relevante destacar que este fenômeno não deve constituir obstáculo para a democracia, particularmente considerando grupos excluídos digitalmente. É necessário reflexão e elaboração de políticas públicas de inclusão digital para maximização democrática e não simbolização do modelo de Administração Pública digital.
Asistencia virtual automatizada e inclusiva para optimizar la relación de la ciudadanía con la Administración Pública
Authors: Stringhini Antonella
Published: November 2020

El objetivo del artículo es analizar el rol que desempeña la inteligencia artificial – IA en la relación ciudadanos/as-Administración Pública. En concreto, el potencial de la asistencia virtual automatizada para facilitar, simplificar y optimizar la relación de la ciudadanía con las autoridades estatales. Para ello, se hará especial referencia a que la incorporación de esta técnica de IA debe realizarse desde un enfoque inclusivo para no dejar a nadie atrás.
Regulação de novas tecnologias e novas tecnologias na regulação
Authors: Marrara Thiago , Gil Gasiola Gustavo
Published: November 2020

O artigo trata das novas tecnologias e sua relação com o direito administrativo, especialmente no campo da regulação estatal. Inicialmente, apresentam-se as tecnologias por uma classificação setorial. Em seguida, abordam-se as tecnologias como objeto de estímulo, de demanda, de controle e de uso pela Administração Pública. Finalmente, abordam-se dois casos exemplificativos: o das tecnologias como objeto de uso dos reguladores no monitoramento de medicamentos e o das tecnologias utilizadas pelas fintechs como objeto de controle estatal.
Innovation a Key Towards Employee Engagement
Authors: V.T. Shailashri , Shenoy Sureka
Published: November 2020

Every company wants to succeed in capturing the market and maximizing the profit. With the changes in technology and increase in globalization the world has become a village which leads to high competition and complexity in performance of work. If an organization has to sustain in business they need to change according to times and become proactive. To meet the pace of change in the society the organization should create a atmosphere of innovation in the organization. Innovation comes when there is freedom of thought, and constant encouragement from the top management. As companies are not only competing with domestic companies but with companies all over the world, this is when innovation is need in a company. How can a company be different from others? Innovation can only be achieved when there are talented human resource and good H R practices in the company. The HR practices of the company should foster better thinking and involvement every individual in the organization. Innovation in companies is through talented minds in the company. Company has to acquire, develop and retain these people. When individuals get opportunities to innovate they tend to be engaged in the organization. Employee engagement is a key driving factor to the success of any organization. This paper is a case study of the Tata consultancy services TCS. Secondary data is used to identify how TCS manages to retain and engage the best talented workforce. The HRM practices of TCS are understood in depth and a linkage between HR practices and innovative talented and employee engagement is drawn.
Quality of Life of the Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing’s Personnel
Authors: VESAMAVIBOOL Suwapak
Published: November 2020

This was a descriptive research aiming at investigating the quality of life of the Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing’s (RTNCN) personnel. There were 325 samples which were from the executives, nursing instructors, supporting staff and nursing students in the academic year 2014. The research tool was the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL - BRIEF - THAI) and the reliability of which was tested using the Cronbach’s Alpha with the result at 0.91. The statistics applied in this study were descriptive statistic. The results were as follows: 1) The Quality of Life in the aspects of physical health, psychological state, environment and overview of Quality of Life were mainly at moderate level (66.77, 54.77, 45.54, 75.38 and 57.85 percent respectively); and 2) Analyzing the Mean, it was found that QOL in all aspects of the personnel was at moderate level.
Cytoprotective and Anti-genotoxic Effects of Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia mangostana Against H2O2 Induced PBMC Cell and Blood Leukocytes Damage of Normal and Type 2 Diabetes Volunteers
Authors: KARIM Naymul , CHANUDOM Lanchakon , TANGPONG Jitbanjong
Published: November 2020

Hyperglycemia is well-known for inducing cellular oxidative damage in type II diabetes (T2D) patients. This research addressed the cytoprotective and anti-genotoxic effect of xanthone derivatives from Garcinia mangostana against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and blood leukocytes damage of the normal and T2D volunteers. The cytoprotective effects of an aqueous extract of xanthone (100 and 200 µg/mL) was assessed on cell viability and free radical scavenging activity using the trypan blue exclusion method on PBMC cells. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were measured as cellular oxidative damage markers and estimated from culture medium of PBMCs of normal and T2D volunteers. The anti-genotoxicity was assessed as the protective effect of xanthone against H2O2-induce DNA damage of blood leukocytes of the normal volunteers following comet assay technique. Xanthone and Gallic acid (control) concentrations 100, 200 and 100 µg/mL significantly (P < 0.05) protected from H2O2 (20 mM)-induced oxidative damage of PBMCs. It was confirmed by increased cell viability and free radical scavenging activity coupled with the decreased MDA and LDH levels in cell culture medium compared to H2O2 (20 mM)-treated group. In H2O2 (40 mM)-induced blood leukocytes of normal volunteers, different concentration xanthone (50 - 500 µg/mL) significantly (P < 0.05) improved the anti-genotoxicity effect compared to negative/positive control group by lowering comet formation. Xanthone treatments on PBMCs and blood leukocytes of the normal and T2D volunteers could attenuate the H2O2-induced cellular oxidative damage and cell death via exhibiting antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.
Desain Banyumas Smart City Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) Menggunakan Fog Computing Architecture
Authors: Bayu Prastyo  , Faiz Syaikhoni Aziz  , Wahyu Pribadi  , A.N. Afandi
Published: November 2020

Internet use in Banyumas Regency is now increasingly diverse according to the demands of the needs. The development of communication technology raises various aspects that also develop. For example, the use of the internet for a traffic light control system so that it can be adjusted according to the settings and can be monitored in real time. In the development of communication technology, the term Internet of Things (IoT) emerged as the concept of extending the benefits of internet communication systems to give impulses to other systems. In other words, IoT is used as a communication for remote control and monitoring by utilizing an internet connection. The Internet of Things in the era is now being developed to create an intelligent system for the purposes of controlling various public needs until the concept of the smart city emerges. Basically, smart cities utilize internet connections for many purposes such as controlling CCTV, traffic lights, controlling arm robots in the industry and storing data in hospitals. If the system is carried out directly from the device to the central server, there will be a very long queue of data while the system created requires speed and accuracy of time so that a system is needed that allows sufficient data control and processing to be carried out on network edge users. Then fog Computing is used with the hope that the smart city system can work with small latency values ​​so that the system is more real-time in sending or receiving data
The RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGAMAN SEPEDA MOTOR MENGGUNAKAN GPS BERBASIS IOT
Authors: Hilal Indra Ramadhan Hilal
Published: November 2020

Perkembangan teknologi telah merambah ke berbagai bidang termasuk pada pengaman motor. Sistem penguncian standar pabrikan dinilai tidak cukup untuk melindungi kendaraan bermotor dari pencurian. Dibutuhkan kombinasi antara perangkat lunak dan perangkat keras dalam menciptakan system keamanan tambahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk merancang bangun alat Pengaman Sepeda Motor Menggunakan GPS Berbasis IoT. Sistem yang dirancang pada saat terjadi perampasan yang dapat mematikan mesin, membunyikan klakson, dan mendeteksi lokasi sepeda motor yang dikendalikan melalui smartphone dengan aplikasi Blynk. Rancang bangun alat menggunakan sensor optocoupler untuk mengirim notifikasi ke aplikasi Blynk pada saat motor sedang dicuri. Menggunakan sensor GPS Neo6mv2 sebagai sensor koordinat, menggunakan Mikrokontroler NodeMCU V3 sebagai pengolah data dan komunikasi dengan modem WiFi, lalu menggunakan modem WiFi merk Bolt sebagai penghubung ke jaringan internet, dan menggunakan Relay sebagai tombol yang dikendalikan lewat aplikasi Blynk untuk menyalakan atau mematikan mesin, klakson, dan lampu sein. Semua komponen membutuhkan supply tegangan sebesar 5V yang dihasilkan dari Accu motor 12V yang diturunkan jadi 5V dengan modul LM2596.
LIDERANDO EQUIPES À DISTÂNCIA UMA CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO NECESSÁRIA SOBRE LIDERANÇA REMOTA E EQUIPES VIRTUAIS
Authors: Pereira Ricardo , Cunha Cristiano José Castro de Almeida
Published: November 2020

A crise causada pelo coronavirus acentuou uma tendência que já vinha ocorrendo há alguns anos: a adoção do trabalho remoto. Nos últimos meses, muitas empresas aderiram a este novo modelo que usa as tecnologias da informação e comunicação como meio para conectar líderes e liderados nas equipes virtuais. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar os desafios dos líderes e os estilos de liderança mais adequados para manter o bom desempenho de uma equipe virtual. A pesquisa foi realizada utilizando-se o método da revisão integrativa da literatura e foram analisados artigos coletados nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science. O estudo revelou que os principais desafios dos líderes de equipes virtuais estão relacionados com: comunicação, cooperação, estabelecimento de normas de trabalho e acompanhamento do trabalho da equipe. Além disso, a literatura não aponta um estilo ideal de liderança, mas sugere que os lideres transformacionais têm maior probabilidade de sucesso nas equipes virtuais.
PROPOSTA DE UM FRAMEWORK A PARTIR DE UM MODELO GENÉRICO DE GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO PARA A ÁREA DE ENSINO DE UM CENTRO DE TECNOLOGIA DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO FEDERAL
Authors: Torres José belo torres belo , Varvakis Gregório
Published: November 2020

O avanço científico e tecnológico de um país depende de políticas estruturais de desenvolvimento com foco em conhecimento, mas, a Gestão do Conhecimento – GC é, muitas vezes, negligenciada e às vezes até desconhecida em muitas organizações. Os modelos de GC são uma representação simplificada da realidade, mas, podem ser mais abrangentes com a incorporação de um framework. Este framework deve ser constituído de um conjunto de questões e ações de apoio na solução de situação-problema. Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor um framework a partir de um modelo genérico de GC para a área de ensino de uma instituição de ensino federal. Espera-se como resultado, um conjunto de questões fundamentadas, principalmente, no modelo SECI e no contexto capacitante – ba para os processos de criação, armazenamento, compartilhamento e uso do conhecimento.
UTILIZAÇÃO PRÁTICA DE WORD EMBEDDING APLICADA À CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE TEXTO
Authors: Souza Luiz Fernando Spillere de , Leopoldo Gonçalves Alexandre
Published: November 2020

Text classification aims to extract knowledge from unstructured text patterns. The concept of word incorporation is a representation technique that allows words with similar meanings to have a similar representation, in order to incorporate reasoning characteristics about their use and meaning. The aim of this article is to analyze the work already published on the use of embedded words applied to the classification of texts, to propose a practical application that demonstrates its effectiveness. This study contributes to proving the effectiveness of the use of word incorporation applied to text classification, having reached an accuracy rate of around 73%.
QUALIDADE DO MOBILE BANKING NA PERSPECTIVA DOS USUÁRIOS
Authors: LEONARDI DE AGUIAR JAIRO , Capa Bataglin Jaiarys
Published: November 2020

O presente estudo buscou avaliar a qualidade dos serviços via Mobile Banking, na perspectiva dos usuários, por meio da relação entre importância e desempenho dos serviços bancários. A metodologia da pesquisa segue uma abordagem quantitativa, com característica descritiva, junto a uma amostra de 95 entrevistados. Os dados foram coletados de forma não probabilística e por conveniência. O instrumento de pesquisa foi adaptado do modelo SERVQUAL, desenvolvido por Parasuraman, Zeithaml e Berry (1988). A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de técnicas estatísticas descritivas (frequência e média), com o auxílio do software estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 20.0. Os resultados indicam que a importância na percepção da qualidade  atribuída pelos usuários é maior do que o desempenho do serviço prestado, em todas as dimensões do modelo, com os maiores gaps nas dimensões Empatia (-1,02), Confiabilidade (-1,01) e Responsividade (-1,00).
GESTÃO DO CAPITAL RELACIONAL NA LÓGICA DOMINANTE DE SERVIÇO EM EMPRESAS INTENSIVAS EM CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Da Silva Zanuzzi Cinthya Mônica , Potrich Lídia Neumann , Balconi Mandelli Patsy Geraldine , Selig Paulo Maurício , Varvakis Gregório
Published: November 2020

Na SDL (Service Dominant Logic) o serviço é caracterizado como objetivo central da troca econômica e o seu valor nasce das interações dos atores, que ativam e integram suas competências e capacidades, no processo de cocriação. Já o Capital Relacional (CR) diz respeito ao conhecimento existente na relação empresa e cliente, e seu valor relevante. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo é compreender como a gestão do CR pode impulsionar a SDL, de empresas intensivas em conhecimentos. Para tanto, adotou-se como abordagem metodológica a pesquisa qualitativa, através do estudo de casos múltiplo. A coleta de dados aconteceu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com 6 CEOs das empresas. Os resultados demonstram que as a gestão do CR pode contribuir para a cocriação de valor do serviço, na perpectiva da SDL.
CAPACIDADES DINÂMICAS PARA AUXILIAR A TRANSFORMAÇÃO DIGITAL DAS ORGANIZAÇÕES INTENSIVAS DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Duarte  Ferreira Eliane
Published: November 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar como as capacidades dinâmicas podem auxiliar as organizações no processo de transformação digital. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, a partir da base de dados Scopus e WOS, publicadas nos últimos 05 anos utilizando os descritores Dynamic capabilities OR absorptive capacity AND digital transformation. A investigação buscou identificar estudos de caso com evidências empíricas sobre o tema pesquisado. Os principais resultados apontam que as capacidades dinâmicas podem apoiar as organizações em processo de transformação digital uma vez que permitem adaptação aos ecossistemas de negócios, moldá-los por intermédio da inovação e da colaboração com outras instituições e na própria transformação organizacional.
Ação, ordem e cultura: fundamentos de um programa de pesquisa weberiano
Authors: Schluchter Wolfgang
Published: November 2020

Existe um paradigma Weber? E, se ele existe, quais suas características? Minhas observações sobre este tema estão divididas em duas partes. Começarei com duas observações preliminares, seguidos pela explicação de dez conceitos chaves a partir das quais devem ficar claros os fundamentos de um programa de investigação weberiano, tal como traduzo o “paradigma Weber”; também se poderia falar de uma sociologia compreensiva e empírica da ação, da ordem e da cultura. Em seguida, subdivido estes conceitos em duas partes que correspondem à estrutura dos Soziologische Grundbegriffe [Conceitos Sociológicos Fundamentais] de Max Weber: “I. Fundamentos metodológicos, II. Conceitos de ação social”, como ali afirmado. Como é conhecido, entre parágrafos 2 a 17, Weber emprega o conceito de ação social como ponto de partida para conduzir o leitor da ação e da ação social até a associação, passando pela relação social e pela ordem, elaborando conceitos específicos para cada um destes níveis de análise que, por sinal, não são desdobrados de modo genético, mas lógico. Não trato aqui de sua arquitetura, exposta em Schluchter (2000), bem como renuncio a tarefa de aprofundar com mais detalhes cada um destes conceitos. O que busco é retomar sua linha argumentativa através dos conceitos de ação, ordem e cultura. Exponho, portanto, minha versão dos  Soziologische Grundbegriffe que, não obstante, busca conectar-se com aquela de Weber.
A sociologia da educação de Max Weber: o Clinamen na prática pedagógica
Authors: Carvalho Alonso Bezerra
Published: November 2020

Este artigo consiste, fundamentalmente, em uma análise do pensamento de Max Weber, de maneira a buscar uma possível contribuição ao campo da educação na atualidade. Ao expor sua compreensão sobre o processo de racionalização, tendo na burocracia uma de suas manifestações mais contundentes, Weber compreende as ações humanas como constituídas de uma tensão permanente. Não haveria no mundo um sentido, com validade universal, que orientasse a existência. Neste aspecto, a educação precisa adquirir um outro significado, isto é, uma educação que faça o clinamen surgir e ressurgir, introduzindo no mecanismo determinista o espaço de libertação, que consiste em romper o determinismo inerente a qualquer situação objetiva e, de forma desviante, abrir espaço para o exercício da autonomia. Se ao professor cumpre fornecer alguma esperança para a vida de seus alunos, esta deve ser estabelecida a partir do reconhecimento do caráter agonístico da existência. Agir assim é garantir a integridade e a liberdade intelectual.
Auto-organização social no mundo do trabalho e produção: notas para uma crítica à economia solidária
Authors: Brancaleone Cassio
Published: November 2020

O debate contemporâneo sobre experiências alternativas de organização do trabalho e da produção se encontra no Brasil dominado pela chamada “economia solidária”. Disseminadamente conhecidas como “cooperativas” ou “fábricas e empresas recuperadas”, muitas dessas experiências evidentemente não são novas, remontando às primeiras práticas de resistência e de auto-organização social protagonizadas pela classe trabalhadora. Ao mesmo tempo, sua condição e potencial de “alternativa” societária em variadas circunstâncias são minimizados e mesmo colocados em xeque pelo modo como estas se inserem no âmbito de relações de subordinação e dependência com agências, mecanismos e operadores do Estado e do mercado capitalista. O artigo em questão pretende apresentar um suscinto balanço crítico do repertório teórico mobilizado por expoentes da economia solidária à luz de perspectivas oriundas do campo anarquista e marxista heterodoxo, relacionando-o com a proposta da “economia participativa” (PARECON). Dessa forma, espera-se contribuir com uma crítica a este marco teórico através da recuperação do sentido antissistêmico do conceito de autogestão, subsidiando a reflexão e análise relativas a tais experiências
Dilemas ideológicos y vida cotidiana: Una mirada cualitativa sobre las mujeres que teletrabajan en España
Authors: Gálvez Mozo Ana , Tirado Serrano Francisco
Published: November 2020

Nuestro estudio propone los dilemas ideológicos como herramienta conceptual y de investigación para examinar las tensiones y contradicciones que definen nuestra vida cotidiana. En ese sentido, presentamos una investigación cualitativa y cuyo objeto de análisis es la experiencia laboral cotidiana de mujeres españolas teletrabajadoras que tienen a su cargo personas dependientes. El artículo señala que las contradicciones, paradojas y tensiones entre la esfera laboral y la de los cuidados constituyen la base discursiva que permite comprender cómo funciona y se desarrolla la naturaleza de la relación entre el teletrabajo y la conciliación. Del mismo modo, pone de relieve el carácter dilemático del teletrabajo y cómo este no es más que la amplificación de las tensiones relacionadas con la situación de la mujer en el mercado laboral. Estas tensiones están fundamentadas en lo que hemos denominado "flexi-patriarcado". La investigación subraya que los dilemas ideológicos no constituyen encrucijadas que obligan a las teletrabajadoras a escoger entre opciones o alternativas enfrentadas ni son una especie de acertijos con el imperativo de ser resueltos. Por el contrario, los dilemas tienen un valor en sí mismos y se despliegan y mantienen como recursos explicativos y valoraciones axiológicas que evidencian y denuncian una situación de tensión concreta.
Trabajos en la caña de azúcar ¿La cotidianidad de lo precario o la precariedad de lo cotidiano?
Authors: Bedoya-Dorado Cristian , Maca-Urbano Deidi
Published: November 2020

La precariedad constituye una experiencia de incertidumbre y exposición al peligro, que abarca la totalidad de la existencia de los cuerpos y los modos de subjetivación. Esta condición supone una cotidianidad, es decir, un modo de vivir con lo imprevisible y la contingencia, que se estabiliza temporalmente y bajo múltiples relaciones. Basados en los aportes teóricos de los Estudios de Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad (CTS), rastreamos los actores que se han ensamblado para producir la precariedad como condición cotidiana en trabajadores agrícolas de la caña de azúcar en el área geográfica del Valle del Río Cauca en Colombia. A partir de elementos etnográficos describimos cómo estas entidades sociotécnicas sostienen efectos políticos, sociales, económicos y subjetivos que recrean la condición precaria e instauran diversas prácticas que dan cuenta de un cotidiano.
Aerosols from anthropogenic and biogenic sources and their
interactions: modeling aerosol formation, optical properties and
impacts over the central Amazon Basin
Authors: Nascimento Janaína P. , Bela Megan M. , Meller Bruno , Banducci Alessandro L. , Rizzo Luciana V. , Vara-Vela Angel Liduvino , Barbosa Henrique M. J. , Gomes Helber , Rafee Sameh A. A. , Franco Marco A. , Carbone Samara , Cirino Glauber G. , Souza Rodrigo A. F. , McKeen Stuart A. , Artaxo Paulo
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The Green Ocean Amazon experiment – GoAmazon2014/5 explored the interactions between natural biogenic forest emissions from Central Amazonia and urban air pollution from Manaus. Previous GoAmazon2014/5 studies showed that nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) and sulfur oxides (SOx) emissions from Manaus strongly interact with biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), affecting secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. In previous studies, ground based and aircraft measurements provided evidence of SOA formation and strong changes in aerosol composition and properties. Aerosol optical properties also evolve, and their impacts on the Amazonian ecosystem can be significant. As particles age, some processes such as SOA production, black carbon (BC) deposition, particle growth, and the BC lensing effect change the aerosol optical properties, affecting the solar radiation flux at the surface. This study analyzes data and models SOA formation using the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model to assess the spatial variability of aerosol optical properties as the Manaus plumes interact with the natural atmosphere. The following aerosol optical properties are investigated: single scattering albedo (SSA), asymmetry parameter (gaer), absorption Ångström exponent (AAE), and scattering Ångström exponent (SAE). These simulations were validated using ground based measurements at three experimental sites: Amazon Tall Tower Observatory – ATTO (T0a), downtown Manaus (T1), Tiwa Hotel (T2) and Manacapuru (T3), as well as the G1 aircraft flights. WRF-Chem simulations were performed over seven days during March 2014. Results show a mean biogenic SOA (BSOA) mass enrichment of 512 % at the T1 site, 450 % in regions downwind of Manaus such as the T3 site and 850 % in areas north of the T3 site in simulations with anthropogenic emissions. The SOA formation is rather fast, with about 80 % of the SOA mass produced in 3–4 hours. Comparing the plume from simulations with and without anthropogenic emissions, SSA shows a downwind reduction of approximately 10 %, 11 % and 6 % at the T1, T2 and T3 sites, respectively. Other regions, such as those further downwind of the T3 site, are also affected. Gaer values increased from 0.62 to 0.74 at the T1 site and from 0.67 to 0.72 at the T3 site when anthropogenic emissions are active. During the Manaus plume aging process, a plume tracking analysis shows an increase in SSA from 0.91 close to Manaus to 0.98 160 km downwind of Manaus as a result of SOA production and BC deposition.
Calibrating large-ensemble European climate projections using observational data
Authors: O'Reilly Christopher H. , Befort Daniel J. , Weisheimer Antje
Published: November 2020

Abstract. This study examines methods of calibrating projections of future
regional climate for the next 40–50 years using large single-model
ensembles (the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Large Ensemble and Max Planck Institute (MPI) Grand Ensemble), applied
over Europe. The three calibration methods tested here are more
commonly used for initialised forecasts from weeks up to seasonal
timescales. The calibration techniques are applied to ensemble climate
projections, fitting seasonal ensemble data to observations over a
reference period (1920–2016). The calibration methods were tested and
verified using an “imperfect model” approach using the
historical/representative concentration
pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5
(CMIP5) archive. All the
calibration methods exhibit a similar performance, generally improving
the out-of-sample projections in comparison to the uncalibrated
(bias-corrected) ensemble. The calibration methods give results that
are largely indistinguishable from one another, so the simplest of
these methods, namely homogeneous Gaussian regression (HGR), is used
for the subsequent analysis. As an extension to the HGR calibration
method it is applied to dynamically decomposed data, in which the
underlying data are separated into dynamical and residual components
(HGR-decomp). Based on the verification results obtained using the
imperfect model approach, the HGR-decomp method is found to produce
more reliable and accurate projections than the uncalibrated ensemble
for future climate over Europe. The calibrated projections for
temperature demonstrate a particular improvement, whereas the
projections for changes in precipitation generally remain fairly
unreliable. When the two large ensembles are calibrated using
observational data, the climate projections for Europe are far more
consistent between the two ensembles, with both projecting a reduction
in warming but a general increase in the uncertainty of the projected
changes.
The African Database of Hydrometric Indices (ADHI)
Authors: Tramblay Yves , Rouché Nathalie , Paturel Jean-Emmanuel , Mahé Gil , Boyer Jean-François , Amoussou Ernest , Bodian Ansoumana , Dacosta Honoré , Dakhlaoui Hamouda , Dezetter Alain , Hughes Denis , Hanich Lahoucine , Peugeot Christophe , Tshimanga Raphael , Lachassagne Patrick
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The African continent is probably the one with the lowest density of hydrometric stations currently measuring river discharge, despite the fact that the number of operating stations was quite important until the 70s. This new African Database of Hydrometric Indices (ADHI) is compiling data from different sources carefully checked for quality control. It includes about 1500 stations with at least 10 years of daily discharge data over the period 1950–2018. The average record length is 19 years and for over 100 stations complete records are available over 50 years. With this dataset spanning most regions of the African continent, several hydrometric indices have been computed, representing mean flow characteristics and extremes (low flows and floods), and are made accessible to the scientific community. The database will be updated on a regular basis to include more hydrometric stations and longer time series of river discharge. The ADHI database is available for download at: https://doi.org/10.23708/LXGXQ9 (Tramblay and Rouché, 2020).
Are researchers following best storage practices for measuring soil
biochemical properties?
Authors: Rhymes Jennifer M. , Cordero Irene , Chomel Mathilde , Lavallee Jocelyn M. , Straathof Angela L. , Ashworth Deborah , Langridge Holly , Semchenko Marina , de Vries Franciska T. , Johnson David , Bardgett Richard D.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. It is widely accepted that the measurement of organic and inorganic forms of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in soils should be performed on fresh extracts taken from fresh soil samples. However, this is often not possible, and it is common practice to store samples (soils and/or extracts), despite a lack of guidance on best practice. Here, we demonstrate how differences in soil and/or soil extract storage can compromise sample integrity for the quantification of soil dissolved organic C and N, extractable inorganic nitrogen (NH4+ and NO3−), and microbial biomass C and N. We discuss and provide the appropriate tools that will ensure researchers consider best storage practice methods when designing and organising ecological research involving assessments of soil properties related to C and N cycling. We encourage researchers to use standardised methods where possible and to report their storage treatment (i.e. temperature, duration) when publishing findings on aspects of soil and ecosystem functioning. In the absence of published storage recommendations for a given soil type, we encourage researchers to conduct a pilot study and publish their findings.
Did Holocene climate changes drive West Antarctic grounding line
retreat and re-advance?
Authors: Neuhaus Sarah U. , Tulaczyk Slawek M. , Stansell Nathan D. , Coenen Jason J. , Scherer Reed P. , Mikucki Jill A. , Powell Ross D.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Knowledge of past ice sheet configurations is useful for informing projections of future ice sheet dynamics and for calibrating ice sheet models. The topology of grounding line retreat in the Ross Sea Sector of Antarctica has been much debated, but it has generally been assumed that the modern ice sheet is as small as it has been for more than 100,000 years (Conway et al., 1999; Lee et al., 2017; Lowry et al., 2019; McKay et al., 2016; Scherer et al., 1998). Recent findings suggest that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) grounding line retreated beyond its current location earlier in the Holocene and subsequently re-advanced to reach its modern position (Bradley et al., 2015; Kingslake et al., 2018). Here, we further constrain the post-LGM grounding line retreat and re-advance in the Ross Sea Sector using a two-phase model of radiocarbon input and decay in subglacial sediments from six sub-ice sampling locations. In addition, we reinterpret high basal temperature gradients, measured previously at three sites in this region (Engelhardt, 2004), which we explain as resulting from recent ice shelf re-grounding accompanying grounding line re-advance. At one location – Subglacial Lake Whillans (SLW) – for which a sediment porewater chemistry profile is known, we estimate the grounding line re-advance by simulating ionic diffusion. Collectively, our analyses indicate that the grounding line retreated over SLW ca. 4000 years ago, and over sites on Whillans Ice Stream (WIS), Kamb Ice Stream (KIS), and Bindschadler Ice Stream (BIS) ca. 4500, ca. 2000, and ca. 2000 years ago respectively. The grounding line only recently re-advanced back over those sites ca. 1000, ca. 1100, ca. 500, and ca. 500 years ago for SLW, WIS, KIS, and BIS respectively. The timing of grounding line retreat coincided with a warm period in the mid- to late-Holocene. Conversely, grounding line re-advance is coincident with climate cooling in the last 1000–2000 years. Our estimates for the timing of grounding line retreat and re-advance are also consistent with relatively low carbon-to-nitrogen ratios measured in our subglacial sediment samples (suggesting a marine source of organic matter) and with the lack of grounding-zone wedges in front of modern grounding lines. Based on these results, we propose that the Siple Coast grounding line motions in the mid- to late-Holocene were driven by relatively modest changes in regional climate, rather than by ice sheet dynamics and glacioisostatic rebound, as hypothesized previously (Kingslake et al., 2018).
Offshore and onshore ground-generation airborne wind energy
power curve characterization
Authors: Sommerfeld Markus , Dörenkämper Martin , De Schutter Jochem , Crawford Curran
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Airborne wind energy systems (AWESs) aim to operate at altitudes well above conventional wind turbines (WTs) and harvest energy from stronger winds aloft. While multiple AWES concepts compete for entry into the market, this study focuses on ground-generation AWES. Various companies and researchers proposed power curve characterizations for AWES, but no consensus for an industry-wide standard has been reached. An universal description of a ground-generation AWES power curve is difficult to define because of complex tether and drag losses as well as alternating flight paths over changing wind conditions with altitude, as compared to conventional WT with winds at fixed hub height and rotor area normalization. Therefore, this study determines AWES power and annual energy prediction (AEP) based on the awenox optimal control model for two AWES sizes, driven by representative 10-minute onshore and offshore mesoscale WRF wind data. The wind resource is analyzed with respect to atmospheric stability as well as annual and diurnal variation. The wind data is categorized using k-means clustering, to reduce the computational cost. The impact of changing wind conditions on AWES trajectory and power cycle is investigated. Optimal operating heights are below 400 m onshore and below 200 m offshore. Efforts are made to derive AWES power coefficients similar to conventional WT to enable a simple power and AEP estimation for a given site and system. This AWES power coefficient decreases up to rated power due to the increasing tether length with wind speed and the accompanying tether losses. A comparison between different AEP estimation methods shows that a low number of clusters with three representative wind profiles within the clusters yields the highest AEP, as other wind models average out high wind speeds which are responsible for a high percentage of the overall AEP.
Cosí parlar conviensi al vostro ingegno: la dimensión alegórica de la Comedia de Dante”
Authors: Varo Zafra Juan
Published: November 2020

El problema de la alegoría en la Comedia es uno de los más debatidos entre los dantistas. Este trabajo se propone analizar la cuestión a partir de los siguientes presupuestos: el examen del contexto intelectual y teológico de la exégesis alegórica desde el siglo XII al XIV; la relación entre la poesía y la historia a través de su conexión con la verdad en el ámbito de la lectura medieval y sus diferencias con el concepto actual de ficción; los testimonios aparentemente contradictorios de Dante en torno a la figura de la alegoría; la apreciación crítica de la alegoría en la investigación del siglo XX, cuando se hicieron las aportaciones más importantes en esta materia; y, finalmente, el examen de algunos de los más relevantes pasajes del poema.
Gallarín, Consuelo: Pierre-Henri Billy y Sébastien Nadiras, Les Noms de lieux et de personnes en France. Guide bibliographique, Paris, Le Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques, 2019, pp. 773.
Authors: García Gallarín Consuelo
Published: November 2020

Reseña del libro de Pierre-Henri Billy y Sébastien Nadiras, Les Noms de lieux et de personnes en France. Guide bibliographique, Paris, Le Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques, 2019, pp. 773.
Gratitude to Beautiful Objects: On Nietzsche's Claim That the Beautiful “Promises Happiness”
Authors: Fox Joshua Isaac
Published: November 2020

Nietzsche suggests that part of what it is to experience something as beautiful is to experience it as beneficial in the highest degree. He defends this claim by suggesting that it alone captures the experience of beauty typical of artists. I argue that this is best understood as pointing to an explanatory argument: Nietzsche takes his view to make sense of an effect beautiful objects have on artists. This effect is, I suggest, gratitude. Beautiful objects inspire feelings of gratitude within artists, moving them to create works of art celebrating those objects as a form of thanksgiving. Insofar as gratitude is typically generated by objects viewed as beneficial, Nietzsche's view of beauty is well-positioned to explain this effect.
UPGRADING OF MAGMATIC SULFIDES, REVISITED
Authors: Mungall James E. , Christopher Jenkins M. , Robb Samuel J. , Yao Zhuosen , Brenan James M.
Published: November 2020

There has been vigorous debate for several decades about whether the extreme enrichments of platinum group elements (PGEs) in some magmatic sulfide deposits could have resulted from simple equilibration of sulfide liquid with silicate melt. Key examples include the Ni-Cu-Pd mineralization in the Norilsk mining camp, the UG2 and Merensky reef Pt-Pd deposits in the Bushveld Complex, the Pd-rich J-M reef of the Stillwater Complex, and the Skaergaard Pd-Au mineralization. It was argued historically that the observed PGE tenors in these latter deposits are too high to be consistent with simple equilibration of sulfide and silicate melt. A commonly cited mechanism for increasing PGE tenor in magmatic sulfide is the upgrading of initially low tenor sulfide by allowing a small volume of sulfide to react with successive batches of fresh, previously undepleted silicate magma. Here we review several previous models for sulfide upgrading in light of recent changes in accepted values of the partition coefficients governing PGE exchange between sulfide and silicate, and we critically examine the physical scenarios implicit in each previous model. We show that, although sulfide upgrading may occur in natural settings such as fractional melting of the mantle, during the formation of sulfide accumulations from magmas it is unlikely to have effects that can be distinguished from simple one-stage batch equilibration. Even the most PGE-rich deposits currently known have compositions that can easily be accounted for by the simple one-stage batch process, with the possible exception of the Skaergaard Pd mineralization. It is generally not possible to use the measured composition of accumulations of magmatic sulfide to infer that sulfide upgrading has or has not occurred.
Genesis of As-Pb-Rich Supergene Mineralization: The Tazalaght and Agoujgal Cu Deposits (Moroccan Anti-Atlas Copperbelt)
Authors: Verhaert Michèle , Madi Atman , El Basbas Abdelaziz , Elharkaty Mohamed , Oummouch Abdellah , Oumohou Lahcen , Malfliet Annelies , Maacha Lhou , Yans Johan
Published: November 2020

In the Moroccan Anti-Atlas, sulfide deposits hosted by Neoproterozoic to Cambrian formations underwent significant weathering, leading to the formation of supergene profiles. In the Tazalaght Cu-As deposit, three mineralogical steps are distinguished: (1) the replacement of hypogene sulfides (chalcopyrite, pyrite, tennantite) by supergene sulfides (bornite, chalcocite) in the large cementation zone; (2) the formation of oxidized minerals (malachite, azurite, olivenite, and chenevixite, mainly) in a more oxidizing and neutral environment; and (3) the precipitation of goethite, hematite, and quartz in the gossan. In the Cu-As-Pb-V deposit of Agoujgal, the mineralogical units are spatially less confined than at Tazalaght. The narrow cementation zone hosts chalcocite, resulting from the weathering of hypogene chalcopyrite, pyrite, tennantite and galena, while the much more extended and diversified oxidized zone is rich in Cu and Pb carbonates, arsenates, sulfates, phosphates, vanadates, and oxides. Goethite, hematite, mottramite, and late calcite occur in the gossan. Both deposits are characterized by As-rich secondary ores that were formed through similar processes, despite some mineralogical and chemical variations highlighting the influence of the host rocks on weathering. The restricted oxidized mineralization at Tazalaght and the Agoujgal cementation zone most likely arise from the contrasting omnipresence of quartzite at Tazalaght that could not enable a fast and effective neutralization of the fluid’s acidity, and the large amounts of dolomitic host rocks that could be dissolved at Agoujgal. At both sites, the weathering of tennantite through a boxwork texture records the transition from the cementation zone (chalcocite), the oxidized zone (arsenates), and the gossan, and reflects the fluids evolution with time.
Season of Migration to Remote Language Learning Platforms: Voices from EFL University Learners
Authors: Salih Abdelrahman Abdalla , Omar Lamis Ismail
Published: November 2020

The abrupt disruption of the traditional face-to-face language instruction due to the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has forced many schools and higher learning institutions in Oman and around the globe to establish a virtual learning environment. This crisis-prompted remote learning has been a new experience for most teachers and students alike, a variable that may affect students' learning. Thus, it is significant to understand the students' experience with online teaching and learning. This study explicitly examines online teaching and learning as perceived by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students of a higher learning institution in Oman. A total number of (112) undergraduate students in Oman acted as a data source by responding to a computer-assisted survey questionnaire. The survey focused on the following themes: overall first-time online language learning experience; online courses; online learning mode and attainment of graduate attributes; effectiveness of online teaching and delivery; utilization and usefulness of electronic learning devices; and e-learning language skills. The findings highlight the significance of exploring learners' online learning experience and its implications for planning, implementing, teaching, and assessing online language education.
An update to seismic hazard levels and PSHA for Lombok and surrounding islands after earthquakes in 2018
Authors: Agustawijaya Didi S , Taruna Rian M , Agustawijaya Ausa R
Published: November 2020

A series of earthquakes occurred at the northern part of Lombok Island during July–September 2018 with the highest Mw7.0 5th August 2018 that caused the death of hundreds of people and ruined thousands of buildings. The earthquakes were triggered on the Flores Thrust located at the back arc zone and at only 50 km distance from the island, leading to multiple seismic hazards to Lombok and surrounding islands. The thrust could possibly be the dominant current seismic sources; however, the megathrust sources also contributed to the hazards due to the subduction between the Indo-Australia and Eurasia tectonic plates in the Nusa Tenggara region. An updated probabilistic seismic hazard analysis was, therefore, conducted on recent seismicity, detailed tectonic background, and suitable ground motion prediction equations, to determine higher seismic parameter values than the 2017 models. This means that Lombok and surrounding islands exposed to higher seismic hazards than those predicted before the earthquake events in 2018.
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Cascade Heat Pump Incorporated in High-Temperature Heating System
Authors: Rudonja Nedžad , Gojak Milan , Zlatanović Ivan , Todorović Ružica
Published: November 2020

In this article is presented a thermodynamic analysis of a cascade heat pump system designed for using in high-temperature heating systems. The own thermodynamic model was built by using properties of working fluids from the CoolProp base. The cascade heat pump was designed to use ambient air as heat source with temperature t_amb= –20 °C and for heating water in the high-temperature heating system up to 70 °C. The projected heating capacity of the cascade heat pump was 100 kW. The coefficient of performance (COP) of the cascade heat pump system due to use of different working mediums combinations in cycles of the cascade heat pump was investigated. For the best combination of working fluids (mediums) sub-cooling, super-heating, pressure loss in compressor’s suction line, as well as exergy efficiency of the heat pump were analysed as a function of the mean temperature of the cascade heat exchanger.
The new international restorative justice framework: reviewing three years of progress and efforts to promote access to services and cultural change
Authors: Marder Ian D.
Published: November 2020

The new international restorative justice framework: reviewing three years of progress and efforts to promote access to services and cultural change

The years 2018-2020 saw a number of new international legal instruments and guidelines relating to restorative justice. In 2018, a landmark Recommendation adopted by the Council of Europe and a Resolution by the Organization of American States encouraged its use in their regions. In 2019, the Milquet Report proposed amending a European Union Directive to promote restorative justice as a diversion from court, while in 2020, the European Union adopted a new Victims’ Strategy, and the United Nations published a revised Handbook on Restorative Justice Programmes. This article identifies and analyses the principal developments in this new international framework. It demonstrates the growing consensus on the potential applicability of restorative justice for all types of offences, and the emerging recognition that restorative justice should aim to satisfy the needs of all participants. It also explores statements endorsing the use of restorative justice beyond the criminal procedure and advising criminal justice institutions to utilise restorative principles to inform cultural change. The paper concludes that implementing international policies domestically requires justice reform advocates to build strong, trusting relationships, and organise inclusive partnerships, with all those who hold a stake in the development of restorative justice.