bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SAÚDE MENTAL DE MULHERES DIAGNOSTICADAS COM FIBROMIALGIA: Uma revisão
integrativa da literatura
Authors: Rodrigues Dágila Vasconcelos , Aragão Heliandra Linhares , Maia Rodrigo da Silva , Rocha André Sousa
Published: April 2024

Fibromyalgia is a chronic rheumatological condition that is manifested by widespread pain throughout the body, especially in tendons and joints, but without evidence of inflammation at the sites of pain. The literature also points to the existence of psychological symptoms that may be present in this diagnosis, such as: intense mood swings and high levels of anxiety and depression. Fibromyalgia mainly affects adult women, making it necessary to investigate how the diagnosis influences their daily lives and self-perception. Thus, this study aims to understand how Fibromyalgia affects the mental health of women diagnosed, according to the works of the last five years available in full. An Integrative Literature Review was performed, using the following descriptors in the searches: Fibromyalgia and Mental Health. All accompanied by the Boolean operator AND. The literature bases consulted were: Periódico Capes and Virtual Health Library of the Ministry of Health (BVS). 17 works were identified, among which 6 were selected to compose this study. The works pointed out how much the overload of working hours that are linked to the female figure, generate consequences for the mental health of women diagnosed with Fibromyalgia, generating feelings of guilt, incapacity and anguish. In addition, there are also impacts on social and loving relationships, self-esteem and the ability to self-manage pain. Thus, it is notable that the consequences of Fibromyalgia intensify when we reflect on the social roles assigned to the female gender.
MEMÓRIA ESPACIAL: Quais são suas características e como estudá-la em modelo animal
Authors: Silva Anne Caroline Rodrigues , Gomes Evelyn Cristina Conceição , Romano Isabela Cristina Sena , Silva Victor Gabriel dos Santos , Oliveira Andrick Alexandre de , Costa Izabelly dos Santos , Luque Ana Gabriela Alvarez , Lacerda Rogério de Freitas
Published: April 2024

The term memory has been described since the time of Platão, and during all these years it has undergone modifications and improvements. Today the term is based on processed and stored information, divided mainly into short-term memories (STM) and long-term memories (LTM). STM is associated with brain structures such as the prefrontal cortex and defined as working or operational memories. While LTM, processed mainly by the hippocampus and classified as declarative (or explicit) memories and non-declarative (or implicit) memories. Past events and retained experiences are examples of declarative memories. Motor skills are examples of non-declarative memories. To study both learning and stored memories, numerous tests have been created. Most of the tests used make use of labyrinths. Among the main ones used are aquatic and non-aquatic. Open mazes with multiple routes, such as the Barnes Maze – LB; Morris Water Maze – LAM are an example of aquatics. They have the advantage of not leaving clues between one test and another, but they work with aversive stimuli to the animals, which can generate some stress. For non-aquatics, we have the Object Recognition Test, the “Y” maze and the Lashley III maze. Depending on the cleaning between each test, these may interfere with the data collected in sequence. However, they have the advantage of using situations and inherent characteristics of the animal. Each has its advantages and disadvantages in applicability and obtaining data for scientific research.
RISCO PSICOSSOCIAL E DISTRESS EM CUIDADORES DE CRIANÇAS COM CÂNCER
Authors: Leal Marina Gaio dos Santos , Motta Alessandra Brunoro , Bortolini Tania Mara Lopes Bitti
Published: April 2024

Family members experience challenging situations in the diagnosis/treatment of childhood cancer. The illness can affect the family adjustment and adherence to the child/adolescent's care, reflecting on routines and relationships (family, marital, work and social). Cancer can reach high levels of distress in caregivers. The aim of this research was to investigate the relationships between indicators of psychosocial risk and distress in caregivers of children/adolescents with cancer. Fourteen caregivers answered the instruments on: socioeconomic characteristics (Brazil Economic Classification Criterion [CCEB]); psychosocial risk assessment (Psychosocial Assessment Tool [PAT 2.0]); and distress (Distress Thermometer). The data were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. It was found that most families presented a "target" classification of psychosocial risk and distress (e.g., worry, nervousness and pain). Inferential analyses did not confirm the hypothesis of a correlation between the level of distress and the total PAT score. However, positive correlations were observed between the domains of the scales, such as: positive correlation between the level of distress and problems with patients; and between partner distress and sibling problems, caregivers' problems, and caregivers' stress reactions. Negative correlations between physical and emotional distress symptoms and PAT domains were also observed. Caregiver distress may represent limitations to treatment, as it impacts emotional well-being and psychosocial functioning, especially in vulnerable families. Further studies are suggested to consider clinical and sociodemographic characteristics in order to understand the relationships between psychosocial variables involved. The need for systematic psychosocial assessment for pediatric oncology care is reinforced.
A PESSOA EM CRISE SUICIDA DÁ SINAIS? Reflexões a partir da série “os 13 porquês”
Authors: Nunes Sylvia da Silveira
Published: April 2024

When a suicide or attempted suicide happens, many people wonder if any signs of the crisis were overlooked. Do all people who go into a suicidal crisis show signs? What signs would those be? This article addresses this issue through an analysis of the series “The 13 Whys” which deals with several controversial topics, including the justifications for young Hannah's suicide. From the series, is it possible to identify signs that someone is in a suicidal crisis? Is this series a form of suicide prevention? Or, on the contrary, can it even stimulate it? Through the analysis of scenes and dialogues from the series in the light of Jungian psychology and other references in suicidology, we present reflections relevant to the topic. Our analysis allows us to conclude that the series enabled in-depth reflections on the topic of suicide from several aspects, including the issue of signs, which usually make sense after the attempt. However, its format can also bring the romanticization of suicide, as well as being a stimulus for some spectator in a suicidal crisis.
Bargaining Sectoral Standards: Towards Canadian Fair Pay Agreement Legislation
Authors: Slinn Sara , Rowlinson Mark
Published: April 2024

In response to the need for more inclusive collective bargaining legislation to combat inequality and improve conditions in the workplace, this paper considers the recently introduced New Zealand Fair Pay Agreement [FPA] sectoral bargaining framework and offers a preliminary series of ideas and proposals setting out how an FPA model for bargaining sectoral standards could work in Canada. It is intended as the beginning of a more detailed discussion on the development of an FPA regime culminating in model legislation that could be adapted to different Canadian jurisdictions. Guided by principles of accountability, integration, and inclusivity, this proposal is intended to apply to all workers in an employment relationship – including dependent contractors and gig and platform workers. The proposed system is to be structured as a new, stand-alone statute, drawing upon existing institutions administering collective bargaining legislation, incorporating some familiar collective bargaining concepts: good faith bargaining, dues check-off, and unfair labour practice protection. It is intended to preserve existing collective bargaining arrangements by excluding specified sectors with existing high union density or existing sectoral bargaining. However, it is also intended to offer a new, sectoral bargaining option based on industry or occupation sectors, producing FPA “sector agreements” containing minimum standards applying to all employees and employers in the sector. This proposed framework would operate in parallel and in conjunction with the existing enterprise-level collective bargaining system.
Tracing Colonial Entrenchments in the Development of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Authors: Senthe Shanthi E.
Published: April 2024

Sri Lanka’s recent tumultuous economic crisis has generated grave uncertainty in the global financial ecosystem. Sri Lanka’s fiscal demise, described as the “canary in the coalmine”, has served as a glaring cautionary tale for financial regulators. The International Financial Institutions continue to warn of subsequent economic fallouts as global debt issues simmer to the surface. Sri Lanka’s economic fallout serves as a story besieged by colonial, political and current geopolitical conditions, which are further compounded by the end of the brutal civil war, foreign debt and post Covid-19 consequences. This paper, however, explores the cracks in the economic foundation using historical moments that paved the legal framework for the emergence of a centralized banking institution. This historical inquiry includes the origins of the financial inclusion discourse in Sri Lanka, which encompasses both colonial and post-colonial temporalities. As a result of Sri Lanka’s fiscal collapse, the Central Bank of Sri Lanka’s role has been under scrutiny. The economic crisis began in 2019, yet the financial regulator’s failure to engage in mitigating tactics to combat the rapid decrease in foreign reserves, rise in sovereign debt, financial mismanagement and political interference is underexplored. In order to further understand how the CBSL, the country’s first financial steward and custodian of fiscal stability, became ineffective, a closer examination of its genesis is made. This paper serves to examine the formation of centralized banking through a particular conceptual goal of ‘financial inclusion’, which catalyzed the establishment of the current central bank structure in Sri Lanka. As such, the financial policies designed and developed crafted by the financial regulator are explored through the lens of financial inclusion.
PERBANDINGAN HUKUM PERKAWINAN SUDAN DAN HUKUM PERKAWINAN INDONESIA
Authors: Aini Sarina , Hasan Maisyarah Rahmi
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Sudan is a power that enforces Islamic Law as a statutory principle of unity. Sudan also a country consisting of various ethnicities and religions. Likewise, Indonesia consists of various tribes, cultures and nations and their religious diversity. Sudan and Indonesia are countries that have renewed Islamic law In the field of marriage, both Sudan and Indonesia have their own legal stipulations in this field. In this study, the author will describe the differences between Sudanese marriage law and Indonesian marriage law.

Keywords : Comparison, Islamic Family Law, Marriage Law.

Abstrak: Sudan adalah negara kekuasaan yang memberlakukan Hukum Islam sebagai asas perundang-undangan dalam persatuan dan kesatuan. Di sisi lain Sudan juga merupakan negara yang terdiri dari bermacam-macam etnis dan agama. Demikian juga halnya dengan Indonesia yang terdiri dari berbagai suku, budaya dan bangsa dan keragaman agamanya. Sudan dan Indonesia adalah negara yang melakukan pembaharuan hukum Islam Di bidang perkawinan, baik Sudan maupun Indonesia memiliki penetapan hukum tersendiri di bidang tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan menguraikan perbedaan hukum perkawinan Sudan dan hukum perkawinan Indonesia.

Kata Kunci: Perbandingan, Hukum Keluarga Islam, Hukum Perkawinan.
The Juridical Nature of the Right to Favorable Environment: Principle vs Norm of Law
Authors: Bakhilina A. K.
Published: April 2024

The article aims to test the author’s hypothesis that the right to favorable environment by its legal nature is rather closer to a principle than to a legal norm. The theoretical basis of the distinction between principle and norm of law is considered, special attention is paid to the study of the theory of the American lawyer and philosopher Ronald Dworkin. Relying on the concept of Dworkin, the author by the method of analogy provides arguments in support of his hypothesis. The confirmation of the proposed idea is also found in the decisions of international courts. Serious analysis of the legal framework, doctrinal sources and judicial practice was conducted in the course of writing the article.
Enterprise as an Object of Civil Rights: Basics of the Concept Definition
Authors: Baygusheva Yu. V.
Published: April 2024

The article highlights points that are essential for defining the concept of an enterprise as an object of civil rights: features of the composition of the enterprise, the factor of combining its elements, as well as the main specifics of concluding and executing transactions regarding the enterprise. Using comparative legal analysis, the author criticizes the interpretation of an enterprise as an immovable property contained in the Civil Code.
VITAMIN E ACTION ON BONE SIGNALING PATHWAYS, RANKL/RANK/OPG IN A RAT MODEL OF BREAST CANCER-INDUCED BONE PAIN
Authors: Baharuddin Nur Saeida , Syifaa Nasir Nurnabiha , Mansor Mohd Syahir , Mohd Shahpudin Siti Nurfatimah , Saifuddin Siti Nazmin , Mohamad Sharlina
Published: April 2024

Cancer-induced bone pain is currently facing inadequate pain management due to unwanted side effects and relative ineffectiveness. The search for alternative therapy to alleviate pain and target a few mechanism pathways might improve survival in metastatic patients. Vitamin E which has been promoted as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-metastatic were chosen in this study to potentiate its capability in a cancer-induced bone pain rat model. Rats were randomly grouped into five groups, and a breast cancer cell line was induced into the left femur of four groups: Negative Control (NC), Alpha Tocopherol (ATF), Tocotrienol Rich Fraction (TRF) and Zoledronic Acid (ZA), whereas Sham group as healthy subjects induced with supplementary media. Pain assessment tests were carried out at four days intervals. The animals were sacrificed after 21 days following SPECT/CT imaging. Bone specimens were analyzed for ELISA and gene expression studies. The results showed that the animal model was successfully validated via the presence of abnormal uptake of the skeletal system. Pain assessment tests demonstrated that vitamin E, specifically TRF significantly alleviate pain compared to the NC group. Biomarker activity illustrated that the TRF supplement group was able to regulate the bone turnover activity comparable to the ZA treatment group. Gene expression studies signify the role of TRF supplement comparable to the ZA group in the ability to regulate osteoclastogenesis, osteoclast activation, and regulating the secretion of metastatic cancer cytokine. This finding addressed the beneficial potency of TRF compared to ATF as a therapeutic option in the management of cancer-induced bone pain.
Board-related processes and innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises: A continuum logic and configurational approach
Authors: Belkacemi Ramzi , Veilleux Sophie , Roy Marie-Josee , Tremblay Maripier
Published: April 2024

This article identifies configurations in terms of original board-related processes (i.e., establishment, integration, centralization, and bureaucracy) that can stimulate innovation. A singular theorization is developed around a continuum logic and various theoretical postulates. Its experimentation via a configurational approach (Fiss, 2011; Furnari et al., 2021; Misangyi et al., 2017) has been applied to data collected through a survey of 300 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Ultimately, the results show that innovation may result from complex combined effects between four board-related processes that occur at different times (i.e., upstream, midstream, and downstream) and evolve according to SMEs’ bi-dimensional level of growth (i.e., size and age). Thus, this study notably goes beyond the simplistic view that currently prevails in the literature regarding the hypothesis of linear links between the board of directors (BoD) and innovation. By the same token, this work emancipates itself from the tendency to establish hierarchies implying that certain isolated elements would necessarily be pre-eminent regarding innovation. These findings, which integrate the necessary nuanced approach when studying such a complex phenomenon, have made it possible to generate multiple contributions, both theoretical and practical.
Firm life cycle, profitability and the impact of financial crisis: Evidence from developing market
Authors: Mohammad Suleiman Jamal , Aldaas Abdullah Ahmed , Al Jundi Nawaf Abdullah , Alkhateeb Nadia Ahmad
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the effect of the 2007–2009 financial crisis on the profitability of companies in selected companies in Jordan using a cash flow-based, firm life cycle approach which Dickinson (2008) developed. The study includes five stages of a company including introduction, growth, maturity, shake-out, and decline stages. Annual data is used for Jordanian firms for the time period 2000–2018. Following the Dickinson (2008) model, panel data regression has been used as the anchor technique for analysis. The results of the study indicate that the return on net worth significantly explains the profitability of firms and that the fixed effects in panel regressions are more appropriate for such a study. The maximum impact of the financial crisis on the profitability of firms was found for the firms in the introduction stage. The estimated model for growth stage firms can be used to forecast the profitability of firms during a financial crisis and hence will help companies in financial planning and performance management.
Root cortical senescence enhances drought tolerance in cotton
Authors: Liu Liantao , Guo Congcong , Zhang Ke , Sun Hongchun , Zhu Lingxiao , Zhang Yongjiang , Wang Guiyan , Li Anchang , Bai Zhiying , Li Cundong
Published: April 2024

The root cortex is an important anatomical phenes, and root cortical
senescence (RCS) is closely associated with root absorptive function.
However, characteristics and responses of RCS to drought stress in
cotton have received little attention. This study subjected the
drought-tolerant cotton variety “Guoxin 02” and the drought-sensitive
variety “Ji 228” to drought stress (8% PEF6000) and no-stress (0%
PEG6000) treatments to determine the characteristics and responses of
cotton RCS to drought stress. The results showed that the RCS of the two
varieties was significantly promoted under drought stress. The greater
the distance from the root tip, the more severe the RCS occurrence under
drought stress compared with non-stress treatment. The occurrence of RCS
in “Guoxin 02” highered by 14.03%-20.18% compared to “Ji 228”
under drought stress. Moreover, the RCS was significantly negatively
correlated with root respiration but significantly positively correlated
with total root length and leaf water potential ( p <
0.05). Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content increased, while abscisic acid
(ABA) content decreased as the RCS increased. In summary, endogenous
hormones regulated the occurrence of RCS, which reduced the root
metabolic costs and seemingly achieved more resource redistribution to
new roots, thereby expanding the water absorption capacity of roots to
fully utilize deep water resources. Thus, the study demonstrates the
potential of RCS in improving the drought stress tolerance of cotton.
Snow depth distribution in canopy gaps over heterogeneous forest structure in the Central Pyrenees
Authors: Rojas-Heredia F. , Revuelto Jesus , C. Deschamps-Berger , Alonso-González Esteban , Domínguez-Aguilar P. , García J. , Pérez-Cabello F. , Lopez-Moreno Ignacio
Published: April 2024

This research analyses the snow depth distribution in canopy gaps across
two plots in Central Pyrenees, to improve understanding of snow–forest
and topography interactions. Snow depth maps, forest structure–canopy
gap (FSCG) characteristics and topographic variables were generated by
applying Structure from Motion algorithms (SfM) to images
acquired from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Six flights were
conducted under different snowpack conditions in 2021, 2022 and 2023.
Firstly, the snow depth database was analyzed in terms of the ratio
between the radius of the canopy gap and the maximum height of the
surrounding trees ( r/ h), in order to classify the gaps
as small-size, medium-size, large-size or
open areas at both sites independently. Then the Kendall
correlation coefficients between the snow depth, FSCG and topographic
variables were computed, and a Random Forest (RF) model for each survey
day was implemented, to determine the influence of these variables for
explaining snow depth patterns. The results demonstrate the high
reliability of the UAV SfM photogrammetry approach for measuring
snowpack dynamics at fine scale in canopy gaps and open areas. At site
1, the larger the r/ h observed, the greater was the snow
depth obtained. This pattern was not evident at site 2, which presented
high variability related to the survey dates and categories,
highlighting the relevance of topography for determining optimum snow
accumulation in forested areas. Slope systematically exhibited a
negative and significant correlation with snow depth, and was
consistently the highest-ranked variable for explaining snow
distribution at both sites according to the RF models. Distance to
the Canopy Edge also presented high influence, especially at site 1.
The findings suggest differences in the main drivers throughout each
site and survey of the topographic and FSCG variables are needed to
understand snow depth distribution over heterogeneous mountain forest
domains.
Nanopore direct RNA sequencing provides additional insight into transcriptome differentiation during transition to the aquatic environment of amphibious liverwort Riccia fluitans L. (Marchantiales)
Authors: Sawicki Jakub , Maździarz Mateusz , Krawczyk Katarzyna , Kurzyński Mateusz , Paukszto Łukasz , Szablińska-Piernik Joanna , Szczecińska Monika , Sulima Paweł
Published: April 2024

Riccia fluitans, an amphibious liverwort, exhibits a fascinating
adaptation mechanism to transition between terrestrial and aquatic
environments. Utilizing nanopore direct RNA sequencing, we try to
capture the complex epitranscriptomic changes undergo in response to
land-water transition. A significant finding is the identification of 45
differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with a split of 33 downregulated
in terrestrial forms and 12 upregulated in aquatic forms, indicating a
robust transcriptional response to environmental changes. Analysis of
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications revealed 173 m6A sites in aquatic
and only 27 sites in the terrestrial forms, indicating a significant
increase in methylation in the former, which could facilitate rapid
adaptation to changing environments. The aquatic form showed a global
elongation bias in poly(A) tails, which is associated with increased
mRNA stability and efficient translation, enhancing the plant’s
resilience to water stress. Significant differences in polyadenylation
signals were observed between the two forms, with nine transcripts
showing notable changes in tail length, suggesting an adaptive mechanism
to modulate mRNA stability and translational efficiency in response to
environmental conditions. This differential methylation and
polyadenylation underline a sophisticated layer of post-transcriptional
regulation, enabling Riccia fluitans to fine-tune gene expression
in response to its living conditions. These insights into transcriptome
dynamics offer a deeper understanding of plant adaptation strategies at
the molecular level, contributing to the broader knowledge of plant
biology and evolution.These findings underscore the sophisticated
post-transcriptional regulatory strategies Riccia fluitans
employs to navigate the challenges of aquatic versus terrestrial living,
highlighting the plant’s dynamic adaptation to environmental stresses
and its utility as a model for studying adaptation mechanisms in
amphibious plants.
Enablers and obstacles for designing and implementing intersectoral policies: lessons from Mexico
Authors: Valle Adolfo Martinez , Figueroa-Lara Alejandro
Published: April 2024

This study analyzes how national intersectoral public policy experiences
have been adopted and implemented using a Health in All Policies (HiAP)
approach in the past two decades. It seeks to provide evidence on
enabling factors that triggered three effective intersectoral public
policies to improve population health in Mexico by improving
nutritional, educational, and healthcare access conditions, reducing
road traffic injuries, and addressing obesogenic feeding practices. We
followed a qualitative approach to analyze the three intersectoral
public policies selected as case studies. First, we designed an
analytical framework to assess how intersectoral public policies are
adopted, implemented, and sustained. The proposed framework is based on
peer-reviewed articles and grey public policy literature. Second, we
used information from eleven semi-structured interviews to key
stakeholders conducted in previous research to identify more specific
enablers and barriers of the three intersectoral policies selected
according to predefined analytical categories used in the questionnaire.
The analysis showed three overall key findings. First, sound empirical
evidence is essential for adopting a HiAP approach. Second effective
intersectoral mechanisms enhance implementation feasibility. Third,
results-based monitoring and evaluation contribute to the continuity of
the analyzed intersectoral public policies. Finally, political support
is needed throughout the policy process to maintain governance capacity
and deliver results. Finally, we drew five global policy lessons that
may be applicable in similar public policy settings in other countries.
First, both technical and political enablers help set the intersectoral
agenda. Second, effective communication is instrumental in convincing
all stakeholders to address public health-related policy issues. Third,
political support at the highest level possible and the federal
government’s capacity are essential to implement sound policies. Fourth,
several enablers exist for enhancing collaboration between ministries
during implementation. Finally, monitoring and evaluation results are
necessary for sustaining intersectoral policies beyond administrations.
Case Report: Subsequent hypopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma accompanied by synchronous esophageal carcinoma following previous squamous cell carcinoma in hypopharynx
Authors: Jia Ning , Chen Yu , Pan Boju , Bai Chunmei , Zhu Yingying
Published: April 2024

Background: The adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) barely arises in
sites other than the salivary glands. Its presentation in the
hypopharynx previously diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is
entirely unexpected. Case Presentation: A man was presented
with a hypopharyngeal mass revealed by electronic laryngoscopy. Multiple
biopsies pathologically showed well to moderately differentiated SCC.
Six months after definitive concurrent chemoradiation, his endoscopy
showed a recurrent mass in the same region before and pathology of
gastroscopic biopsy showed moderately differentiated SCC of esophagus.
The mass was removed after radical dissection. Histologic examination
showed sheets and cords of tumor cells with basophilic matrix in
hypopharynx known as ACC and moderately differentiated esophageal SCC.
Conclusion: The documentation of metachronous ACC arising in
hypopharynx following previous SCC would further supports the concern
about multicomponent tumors in hypopharynx which is crucial in clinical
practice.
Oral misoprostol alone compared to oral misoprostol followed by oxytocin in India: a multicentre randomised trial in women induced for hypertension of pregnancy.
Authors: Weeks Andrew D , S Mundle , K Lightly , Durocher Jill , Bracken Hillary , Parpillewar Moushmi , Parvekar Seema , Shivkumar Poonam Verma , Faragher Brian , Easterling Thomas , Leigh Simon , Turner Mark , Alfirevic Zarko , Winikoff Beverly
Published: April 2024

Objective: To assess whether, in those requiring ongoing
uterine stimulation after cervical ripening with oral misoprostol and
membrane rupture, augmentation with low dose oral misoprostol is
superior to intravenous oxytocin. Design: Open-label,
superiority randomised trial Setting: Government hospitals in
India Population: Women induced with oral misoprostol for
hypertensive disease in pregnancy and requiring ongoing induction after
membrane rupture Methods: Participants received misoprostol
(25mcg orally two hourly) or titrated oxytocin through an infusion pump.
Main Outcome Measure: Caesarean birth Results: 520
women were randomised and the baseline characteristics were comparable
between the groups. The caesarean section rate was not reduced by the
use of misoprostol (misoprostol 32.3% vs oxytocin 27.3%; adjusted odds
ratio 1.226 (95% CI 0.81-1.85, p=0.33)). There were no differences in
rates of hyperstimulation, fetal heart rate abnormalities, or maternal
side effects, although the geometric mean time from randomisation to
birth was 31 minutes longer with misoprostol. Fewer babies in the
misoprostol arm were admitted to the special care unit (10 vs 21 in the
oxytocin group) and there were no neonatal deaths in the misoprostol
group, compared to 3 in the oxytocin arm. Women’s acceptability ratings
were high in both study groups. Conclusion: Following cervical
preparation with oral misoprostol and membrane rupture, the use of
ongoing oral misoprostol for augmentation did not significantly reduce
caesarean rates compared to oxytocin. The method, however, was safe for
both mother and baby.
Global warming and equatorial Atlantic paleoceanographic changes during early Eocene carbon cycle perturbation V
Authors: Kegel Anne H. , Fokkema Chris Daniël , Brinkhuis Henk , Röhl Ursula , Westerhold Thomas , Agnini Claudia , Bijl Peter Kristian , Peterse Francien , Sluijs Appy
Published: April 2024

A series of transient global warming events (“hyperthermals”) in the
early Eocene is marked by massive environmental and carbon cycle change.
Among these events, the impacts of the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum
(~56 Ma), Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (~54
Ma) and Eocene Thermal Maximum 3 (~53 Ma) are relatively
well documented, but much less is known on the many later hyperthermals
that apparently occurred on orbital eccentricity maxima until at least
the end of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO;
~53­–49 Ma). Here, at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site
959 (Equatorial Atlantic Ocean), we report a large negative carbon
isotope excursion (CIE) in both organic and carbonate substrates that we
correlate to the “V” event sensu Lauretano et al. (2016) (or C22nH1
sensu Sexton et al. (2011)) at ~49.7 Ma, following
combined bio- and chemostratigraphic constraints. Through TEX86
paleothermometry, we reconstruct a sea surface temperature rise of
1.1–1.9 ºC associated with this CIE, which, combined with evidence for
warming from the deep sea, implies that this event indeed represents a
transient global warming episode like the earlier hyperthermals. Organic
walled dinoflagellate cyst assemblages indicate a productive
paleoceanographic background setting, likely through regional upwelling,
which alternated with episodes of stratification. Warming reconstructed
across V at Site 959 is relatively similar to the
higher-latitude-derived deep ocean reconstructions. However, the
presence of upwelling and its variable intensity across the event
compromises the use of the reconstructed warming as an estimate for the
complete tropical band.
Influence of the Madagascar Ridge on Eddy Variability in the Agulhas Current System: A Modelling Study
Authors: Halo Issufo , Raj Roshin Pappukutty , Penven Pierrick , Lamont Tarron , Ansorge Isabelle , Johannessen Johnny A.
Published: April 2024

A regional ocean model was used to study the influence of the Madagascar
Ridge on the circulation and eddy variability in the Agulhas Current
system. In the control experiment, the model was run with a realistic
bathymetry, whereas in the idealized run the bathymetry was modified by
flattening Madagascar Ridge. When the Ridge was suppressed, no obvious
changes were observed in the large-scale circulation. However,
integrated transports revealed an excess of about 10 Sv (1 Sv = 106
m3s-1) in the recirculation of the greater Agulhas Current system.
Dynamic and statistically (p < 0.05) significant changes were
observed at the mesoscale variability. Composite analysis of the radial
distribution of the eddy azimuthal velocity, surface height, and
relative vorticity within the Ridge domain in the experiments revealed
that the presence of the Madagascar Ridge determines the emergence of a
secondary class of large anticyclonic eddy types in the region, the
“Madagascar rings”.
The Role of PLC in Automation, Industry and Education Purpose: A Review
Authors: Koondhar Mohsin Ali , Kaloi Ghulam Sarwar , Junejo Abdul Khalique , Soomro Abdul Hameed , Chandio Sadullah , Ali Majid
Published: April 2024

Programmable logic controller (PLC) plays a significant role in every era, either it is in field of automation, industry or educational purposes. As the demand for automation grows exponentially, control systems need to be easy to program, flexible, reliable, and cost-effective. This article provides an overview of PLC implementation in automation, industry, and education. This article reviews an investigation into the role of PLC in automation, industrial, and educational goals. PLC has its own limitations, but research shows that it has more benefits than limitations. After survey it will see that the PLC can be used in any application, either it is simple or complex control systems. The analysis conducted and focuses on the concept, operation, advantages and practical applications of PLC, as well as comparison with other control systems.
Finite sums involving trigonometric functions and special polynomials: Analysis of generating functions and p-adic integrals
Authors: Kilar Neslihan , Bayad Abdelmejid , Simsek Yilmaz
Published: April 2024

By using trigonometric and generating functions, some formulas and relations
involving sums of powers of consecutive positive integers and certain
combinatorial sums are derived. By applying the derivative operator to some
certain families of special functions and finite sums involving
trigonometric functions, many novel relations related to the special numbers
and polynomials are obtained. Moreover, by applying p-adic integrals to
these finite sums, some p-adic integral representations of trigonometric
functions are found.
Comparison of effects of two analgesia methods on surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children
Authors: Peng Bing , Zhang Xifeng , Li Gu , Jiang Wenxu
Published: April 2024

Background/Aim. Surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) often needs acetabuloplasty and femoral osteotomy. This type of operation is characterized by long duration, major trauma, and severe postoperative pain. The aim of the study was to compare the analgesic effects of the caudal block (CB) and epidural block (EB) on the DDH surgery in children. Methods. A total of 100 children undergoing DDH surgery in our hospital from May 2018 to December 2021 were selected and randomly divided into two groups: an ultrasound-guided CB group and an EB group (each group consisting of 50 children). The dosage of ropivacaine, changes in blood pressure, heart rate, and intraoperative dosage of fentanyl were recorded. In addition, we recorded the values of several parameters after the surgery: the modified Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) scale score at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hrs after surgery; the time point of first-time request for aceta-minophen and proportion of patients using pethidine; the sedation degree within 12 hrs after the operation (assessed using the Ramsay Sedation Scale ? RSS); the incidence of nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention; the satisfaction degree of family members with the applied methods of post-operative analgesia in children. Results. The ropivacaine dosage used in the CB group exceeded that of the EB group (p < 0.05). The CB group had lower FLACC scores 12 and 24 hrs after the operation and a longer postoperative time until the first-time request for acetaminophen than the EB group (p < 0.05). No block-related complications occurred; the two groups had similar incidence rates of nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention. The RSS score within 12 hrs after operation was higher in the CB group than in the EB group, and the family members of the children in the CB group were more satisfied (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Both CB and EB can provide satisfactory intraoperative and postoperative analgesia for pediatric hip surgery. However, CB pro-vides effective analgesia for 24 hrs after the operation and lasts longer than that accomplished by the EB.
Leveraging Silicon Carbide Power Semiconductor Devices for Renewable Energy Applications
Authors: B Poobalan
Published: April 2024

The distinct characteristics of silicon carbide (SiC) power semiconductor devices allow for significant advancements over conventional power conversion methods. SiC power semiconductor devices provide reduced switching and conduction losses, increasing the efficiency of the converter. By using this material, it is anticipated to lower the weight and cost of the conversion system due to its fast-switching speed. These developments will allow solar energy to become more affordable than conventional sources of power. This wide-band-gap transistor developments are expected to drive the rapid development of renewable energy generation systems. Hence, this article discusses the benefits of SiC power semiconductor devices, their application, challenges, and future prospects in diverse fields, including renewable energy.
The effect of climatic variables on the demography and behaviours of banded mongooses (Mungos mungo)
Authors:   , Khera Monil
Published: April 2024

Human-induced climate change negatively affects animal reproduction and survival. Understanding vulnerability to climate change requires knowledge on how animals respond to changes in environmental conditions. Here, I used a long-term (>20 years) dataset of climatic, life-history and behavioural data on a wild population of banded mongooses to investigate how environmental change will affect this cooperatively breeding equatorial mammal. Using time series decomposition, I show how reproduction and early-life survival is affected by rainfall and temperature at varying timescales (seasonal, long-term trends, and short-term variation). Births occur year-round, but reproduction is usually timed so that females either conceive or give birth during the wet seasons where food is most plentiful (Chapter 2). Next, I used structural equation modelling to investigate both direct effects of environmental conditions on early-life survival and indirect impacts via changes to cooperative behaviour (Chapter 3). High levels of rainfall boosted helping effort, which in turn increased pup survival, but high temperatures had both direct and indirect negative effects on survival. I found no evidence for a buffering effect of cooperative social groups on harsh environmental conditions, which has been previously suggested for other species. Chapter 4 presents support for high temperatures limiting offspring growth via the heat dissipation limit hypothesis, which predicts that high temperatures limit metabolic expensive processes such as lactation, due to inability to disseminate the additional heat produced. Finally, banded mongooses behaviourally thermoregulate by resting more and foraging less under high temperatures (Chapter 5). However, this is insufficient to mitigate increases in body surface temperatures. Overall, my results suggest that banded mongooses should suffer from rising temperatures with limited or no relief via behavioural adjustments or social buffering. However, predicted increases in rainfall may partially mitigate these impacts, highlighting the challenging complexity in predicting overall effects of climate change on wild animal populations.
Local Wisdom-Based Pictorial Teaching Materials: A Strategy for Boosting Ecoliteracy in Elementary School Students
Authors: Yonanda Devi Afriyuni , Haryanti Yuyun Dwi , Kurino Yeni Dwi , Rosidah Ani , Sofiasyari Irma
Published: April 2024

The pervasive influence of various advertisements across multiple media platforms, promoting instant and packaged food and beverages, has contributed to the unhealthy lifestyle habits of learners. Examples include the consumption of foods or beverages detrimental to health. Non-environmentally friendly materials can also have a negative impact on the environment. Consequently, there is a need for individuals to understand and recognise the importance of consuming healthy and environmentally friendly local food. This research examined the validity of pictorial teaching materials based on the local wisdom of Indramayu, aimed at enhancing learners' eco-literacy skills. The study was conducted among fourth-grade students at Public Primary School A and B in Indramayu. The research model applied was Borg & Gall's model. The researchers validated the product based on content, language, and graphic reliability. The validation process involved three experts and two practitioners. The data validity test incorporated interviews, observations, and documentation. The results demonstrated that the content reliability was 87.50%, language validity was 89.16%, and graphic validity was 91.66%. These results indicated a category of high validity. The findings suggested that the pictorial teaching material, grounded in Indramayu local wisdom, was beneficial for further learning. Future researchers could extend this research by developing other forms of teaching materials
Framed Uncertainty
Authors: Haarløv Rasmus , Bille Mikkel
Published: April 2024

Residential wood stoves are often highlighted as the worst pollution source of PM2.5 air pollution in Denmark, accounting for 52 percent of national emissions. This unambiguous number implies accuracy, and that researchers know how much PM2.5 pollution can be attributed to residential wood stoves with precision. But we demonstrate in this article that emissions from wood stoves are notoriously uncertain and key parameters largely unknown. While the problem of wood stove emissions is often tied to the stove itself, this article illuminates the socio-technical assemblage surrounding wood stoves as an often overlooked aspect. Drawing upon discussions of uncertainty, we first show how knowledge about the socio-technical assemblage is constructed based on assumptions that emerge from domains of imperceptibility. Second, we argue that kindling practices can be understood as a kind of uncertainty which cannot be known with any degree of probability. To make better sense of wood stove emissions in public policy, we propose a ‘framed uncertainty’ lens to highlight the particular kind of uncertainty associated with key parameters in the socio-technical wood stove assemblage. Finally, we discuss the implications of changing the policy frame towards the socio-technical assemblage surrounding wood stoves in terms of reducing emissions.
Safety of Off-Label Use of Anticancer Drugs in Oncology
Authors: Karabina E. V. , Sakaeva D. D. , Lipatov O. N.
Published: April 2024

Safety is recognized as a crucial issue of off-label use of anticancer drugs. The potential benefits of such prescriptions in oncology are associated with prevailing the expected clinical benefits over the risks of complications. However, in certain clinical situations with uncertain benefit/risk ratio, an off-label use of drugs may threaten the life and health of the patient. The present paper explores the safety of off-label anticancer drug therapy in real clinical practice. Health care and routine clinical practice are given particular emphasis on systematic recording and careful monitoring of adverse events associated with the off-label use of medicinal products. The creation of a unified registration system for off-label use of drug therapy in oncology along with the creation of large databases (on the sites of institutions with an option to combine the data obtained at the level of districts, regions and the country) enables a significant amount of information on the safety and effectiveness of this approach to be gathered. As a result, a predictable nature of treatment and manageable toxic effects are potentially provided. The study into reasons behind off-label use of drugs in oncology, as well as the study into spectrum and severity of adverse events resulting from the implementation of these prescriptions, will provide detailed information on the safety of off-label use of anticancer agents in patients with malignant neoplasms at different stages of oncological treatment.
Synthesis and characterization nitrogen-doped carbon dots from candlenut shells using hydrothermal and solvothermal methods
Authors: Riska Riska , Marpongahtun Marpongahtun , Gea Saharman
Published: April 2024

Candlenut shells can be utilized as precursors for Carbon Dots (CDs) since new nanoscale materials have been proven using lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and carbon present in candlenut shells. A carbon substance smaller than 10 nm in size, CDs have special optical properties. This research focuses on the synthesis of CDs and Nitrogen Carbon Dot (NCDs) from hazelnut shell using urea passivation agent by hydrothermal and solvothermal methods, to determine the effect of solvent on the emission produced by CDs and NCDs. Hazelnut shell was carbonized at 300°C for 6 hours. The synthesis of CDs and NCDs was carried out at 220°C for 8 hours, then sonicated at 75°C for 30 minutes. The synthesis results were centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 30 minutes, filtered using Whatman No.42 filter paper. Analysis with a 365 nm UV lamp produced bluish green luminescence, brighter luminescence was shown in NCDs by solvothermal method. UV-Vis spectra showed absorbance peaks of 289-309 nm for CDs and 335-350 nm for NCDs. FTIR spectra of CDs and NCDs produced OH, CH, C=C, C=O, C-N, CO, and C-O-C functional groups. Photoluminescence analysis showed emission peaks of CDs and NCDs at 494 nm and 496 nm for hydrothermal method, for solvothermal method at 418 nm and 432 nm. CDs and NCDs with hydrothermal method showed higher intensity than with solvothermal method. The quantum yield values obtained were 11.4226% and 25.7419% and 10.2555% and 11.7473% for hydrothermal and solvothermal methods, respectively. Solvothermal method was effective for the synthesis of CDs and NCDs with brighter luminescence.
La aplicación de los SEJ (Sistemas de Expertos Jurídicos) en la educación: propuesta en un caso práctico de Derecho Privado
Authors: Roncero Núñez Javier
Published: April 2024

La Inteligencia Artificial está a punto de cambiar nuestras vidas. Todos los sectores se verán implicados, incluida la enseñanza del Derecho. En este punto, uno de los métodos introducidos ha sido los Sistemas de Expertos, programas capaces de resolver los problemas jurídicos de manera interactiva a través de una lógica determinada. Aunque de escaso estudio en nuestro país, los SEJ aspiran a convertirse en una herramienta muy útil para el aprendizaje de determinadas habilidades jurídicas. Para facilitar su comprensión, el presente artículo propone resolver un caso práctico de derechos reales utilizando la lógica subyacente al SEJ con el objetivo de visibilizar sus fallas y virtudes.