bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Fixture Proses Gurdi untuk Produksi Komponen Brake Pads
Authors: Rahmawati Suci , Triyolanda Vivi , Harimeni Neta , Syarah Meutia
Published: June 2017

Brake pads is used to stop the rapid of vehicle while braking process is done. In making process if brake pads is needed a tool to make a operator work easier and can produce the brake pads component more precision, especially in making a hole process. A tool which is designed in drilling process in production of brake pads component use locator 3-2-1 principt in a placement the locator, using clamping to grip the component, and construction of jig dan fixture that is designed must be suitable with needs of making a hole process this brake pads component. To produce this tool, the cost must be calculated, such as direct cost, indirect cost and fixed cost to cover the 1200 lot sizes of this brake pads component. Based on design of this tool, it can be concluded that a tool which design of the drilling process can give benefit because it can help the operator in their work and it can produce the brake pads component more precision, and the rejected product can be minimized presisi. In addition, the set up time can be decreased and the cost be reduced.
Landholding Size and Educational and Occupational Status in Two Villages of Dang
Authors: Sharma Dharani Kumar
Published: June 2017

The landholding size has colossal impact on level of educational attainment and types of occupation in the villages under study where major sources of household income is from agriculture. Truly speaking, those who have large land holding size have accomplished higher education and have got better jobs outside agriculture. But many landless and near landless people are apparently illiterate. The children of these people either never go to school or drop out when they become older enough to help their parents in agricultural activities. People cannot afford to send their children to school as children either have to look after younger siblings or have to graze animals when parents are busy working in the field. The members of households in landless and near-landless category either have to work in the land or have to work as wage laborer. As they are illiterate they cannot get white- collar jobs. This article presents a relation between landholding size, and level of education and the situation of employment. These characteristics have depicted a scenario which tantamount to the manifestation of structures of agricultural economy. It is an attempt to analyze how agrarian relation has impacted the educational and occupational structure of every household. The article aims at revealing economic condition in association with education and occupation among the cultivators who are divorced from the means of production. An effort has been made to seek poverty in educational and occupational structure.The Geographical Journal of Nepal, Vol. 8-9, 2010-2011: 43-52
Persistent Change in Livelihoods in Bhirgaun, Eastern Nepal
Authors: Khatiwada Shambhu P
Published: June 2017

This paper deals with persistent change in livelihood and investigates how local people adapt to changing environment in Bhirgaun of Dhankuta district, eastern Nepal. The area offers a lot of resources; here I refer to the general term inherited property of indigenous communities for their survival over centuries. Out of total 12 settlements of Bhirgaun representing upper, middle and lower hills were selected. Data were acquired from 207 households by utilizing purposive sampling. The survey result indicated that agriculture is a mainstay of livelihoods of the people. The livelihood activities under different environmental conditions have undergone change with varying level of changes. For example, high level of changes is indicated in the upper, medium level of changes in the lower and low level of changes in the middle hills. Recently, vertical and horizontal connection outside the region creates both opportunities and constraints. But, their dependence on market varies widely from one place to another and among different societies.The Geographical Journal of Nepal, Vol. 8, 2010-2011: 73-82
Hardships in Mountain Livelihood: Findings from Yari Village, Humla District
Authors: Rijal Shiba Prasad
Published: June 2017

This paper aims at analyzing livelihoods of people of rural mountain areas highlighting the case of Yari village located in the north-western part of Humla district in Mid-western development region, Nepal. The study has been based on primary data collected through group discussions and key informant’s interview during May 2007. As in other mountainous areas of Nepal, people of Yari village perform a number of different activities for their livelihoods. Agriculture, forest product collection, homemade production activities, hotel/catering and wage laboring are the main livelihood options and survival strategies adapted by local people. However, people’s livelihood in this area is hard and insecure due to various adversities. The shortage of facilities and services, adverse climate, food deficiency, remoteness, lack of awareness, poor access to market and water stress are the main adversities faced by local people.The Geographical Journal of Nepal, Vol. 8-9, 2010-2011: 83-91
The Activities Undertaken by the Central Department of Geography, Tribhuvan University: 2010-2011
Authors: Pradhan Pushkar K
Published: June 2017

Not Available.The Geographical Journal of Nepal, Vol. 8-9, 2010-2011: 93-99
Promising Practices in Long-Term Residential Care: Where Do Physicians Fit In (or Don’t They)?
Authors: McGregor Margaret J.
Published: June 2017

Compared to a decade ago, long-term care residents are likely to be older, frailer, more functionally impaired, more medically complex, and closer to the end of life. Because of this, residents are also less likely to benefit from and more likely to be harmed by the same drugs and routine medical interventions that may have worked well for them earlier in life. Family physicians are well positioned to play a key role in navigating the tensions between life extension, rehabilitation, symptom management, and palliation. Unfortunately, in many jurisdictions, despite more than a decade of primary care reform, family physicians are not attracted to working in long-term residential care (LTRC). The proportion of those working in LTRC has been declining over time, and there is no mandatory training of family physicians in LTRC work. This article reviews the influence of Canadian primary care policy related to the physician role in LTRC facilities and describes a number of promising practices across Canadian provinces to engage them in LTRC teamwork.
Family Matters: The Work and Skills of Family/Friend Carers in Long-Term Residential Care
Authors: Barken Rachel , Daly Tamara J. , Armstrong Pat
Published: June 2017

The unpaid care work undertaken by family members and friends often continues when relatives move to long-term residential care (LTRC). Using a feminist political economy approach, this paper explores the labour and skills of family/friend carers—most of whom are women—in LTRC. Data were gathered using the rapid site-switching ethnography method, which involved document analysis, qualitative interviews with 25 family members, and observations in eight LTRC facilities across Canada. We present five themes, developed through a thematic analysis of interviews and observations, to give insight into the labour and skills of these unpaid carers in LTRC: maintaining relationships, navigating the system to assert residents’ needs, supplementing care, assisting other residents, and working for change. In our analysis, we tease out complexities between family/friend care work in practice and the descriptions of their involvement in resident and family handbooks—guiding documents that serve as touchstones for communication between LTRC facilities and families. We note discrepancies between the impoverished descriptions of family engagement in handbooks and the complex labour undertaken by many family/friend carers in LTRC. These discrepancies reinforce the invisibility of unpaid care and an undervaluing of the skills involved in this labour. To conclude, we suggest an addition to handbooks that could serve to better recognize the involvement of family members and friends in LTRC.
The Canadian Long-Term Residential Care System: A British Perspective
Authors: Lloyd Liz
Published: June 2017

This article is a reflection of the experiences of a British researcher. It focuses on the ways in which British and Canadian care homes differ and on the characteristics that they share. It looks at factors in the context of care home life, as well as what was observed within facilities. Significantly, the promising practices were frequently those that were shared by particular facilities in both countries, which stood out from the mainstream provision in both jurisdictions.
A Norwegian View on Canadian Long-Term Residential Care
Authors: Ågotnes Gudmund , Jacobsen Frode F. , Barken Rachel
Published: June 2017

In this article, we explore some notable differences between long-term residential care (LTRC) facilities in Canada and Norway. Through the analysis of mealtimes and activities, we show that the observed Norwegian facility follows more routinized, ritualized, and collectivistic organizational formats than the Canadian facility. As well, the medicalized nature of Norwegian LTRC contributes to a greater degree of conformity in ideas and ideals relative to Canadian facilities. We did not observe the same conformity to the patterns and demands of the nursing home organization in the Canadian facility; it appeared to be less driven by and dependent on ideas and procedures from the outside. Consequently, the Canadian facility seemed to be more apt at satisfying the varied social needs of residents. However, lower staffing levels in Canadian LTRC may limit opportunities for collective activities and communal life, while higher staffing levels and a higher level of formal competence in Norway may enhance personalized medical care. Based on observations and research experiences from other Norwegian and Canadian facilities, we think it is possible that greater differences might exist between Canadian facilities with regard to the quality and content of care. Equity for residents in general might be better maintained within and between Norwegian facilities, while services and quality of care may vary significantly in Canada. Facilities in Norway are, in short, more standardized and homogenous; the difference in content and quality tends to be relatively similar from facility to facility.
Evaluation of an Immersive Farm Experience to Teach and Attract Veterinary Students to Food-Animal Medicine
Authors: Foster Derek M. , Sylvester Hannah J. , Schoenfeld-Tacher Regina M.
Published: June 2017

The Bovine Educational Symposium (BES) is a unique opportunity for North Carolina State University (NCSU) veterinary students to visit dairy farms, feedlots, cow–calf operations, and processing facilities, and to meet local bovine veterinarians. We hypothesized that this active learning opportunity would increase knowledge, change perceptions of animal agriculture and food-animal medicine, and provide skills that persist beyond graduation. Pre- and post-trip surveys were administered to 124 first-, second-, and third-year veterinary students attending BES over 3 years. The surveys assessed students' perceived competence with regard to 12 key areas of bovine practice, attitudes toward segments of the cattle industry, attitudes to veterinarians' role in these segments, and interest in a career in bovine practice. Content knowledge was assessed using a multiple-choice test for comparison to self-assessments. A control group of 10 fourth-year students was administered the same tests before and after a 2-week food-animal clinical rotation. A convenience sample of nine BES alumni were interviewed to assess their opinion on the educational impact of BES. BES participants exhibited significant gains in perceived competence and actual knowledge in all 12 areas, and they also had improved perceptions of animal agriculture and increased interest in food-animal careers. Benefits noted by alumni ranged from improved knowledge of basic concepts of biosecurity and population medicine to greater appreciation for professional skills, including client communication. Immersing pre-clinical veterinary students in an active learning environment can have a significant impact on their knowledge and perception of food-animal medicine, irrespective of students' ultimate career goals.
Adaptive Comparative Judgment: A Tool to Support Students' Assessment Literacy
Authors: Rhind Susan M. , Hughes Kirsty J. , Yool Donald , Shaw Darren , Kerr Wesley , Reed Nicki
Published: June 2017

Comparative judgment in assessment is a process whereby repeated comparison of two items (e.g., assessment answers) can allow an accurate ranking of all the submissions to be achieved. In adaptive comparative judgment (ACJ), technology is used to automate the process and present pairs of pieces of work over iterative cycles. An online ACJ system was used to present students with work prepared by a previous cohort at the same stage of their studies. Objective marks given to the work by experienced faculty were compared to the rankings given to the work by a cohort of veterinary students (n=154). Each student was required to review and judge 20 answers provided by the previous cohort to a free-text short answer question. The time that students spent on the judgment tasks was recorded, and students were asked to reflect on their experiences after engaging with the task. There was a strong positive correlation between student ranking and faculty marking. A weak positive correlation was found between the time students spent on the judgments and their performance on the part of their own examination that contained questions in the same format. Slightly less than half of the students agreed that the exercise was a good use of their time, but 78% agreed that they had learned from the process. Qualitative data highlighted different levels of benefit from the simplest aspect of learning more about the topic to an appreciation of the more generic lessons to be learned.
The Role of Formal Logic in Hamilton's Argument for the Philosophy of the Conditioned
Authors: Allard James W.
Published: June 2017

This paper reconstructs Sir William Hamilton's argument for thinking that the unconditioned is not an object of thought, a conclusion he abbreviates with the slogan ‘to think is to condition’. The paper describes Hamilton's conception of formal logic as the study of the laws of thought and claims that this conception allows these laws, particularly those of non-contradiction and excluded middle, to play a substantive role in Hamilton's argument.
English Philosophers and Scottish Academic Philosophy (1660–1700)
Authors: Gellera Giovanni
Published: June 2017

This paper investigates the little-known reception of Thomas Hobbes, Henry More, Francis Bacon, Robert Boyle, Isaac Newton, and John Locke in the Scottish universities in the period 1660–1700.

The fortune of the English philosophers in the Scottish universities rested on whether their philosophies were consonant with the Scots’ own philosophical agenda. Within the established Cartesian curriculum, the Scottish regents eagerly taught what they thought best in English philosophy (natural philosophy and experimentalism) and criticised what they thought wrong (materialism, contractualism, anti-innatism).

The paper also suggests new sources and perspectives for the broader discussion of the ‘origins’ of the Scottish Enlightenment.
Clinical Complications In Pregnancy And The Relationship With Low Birth Weight And Prematurity Of The Newborn
Authors: Nogueira Cintia Mikaelle Cunha de Santiago , Justino Jéssica Micaele Rebouças , Souza Carla Nadja Santos de , Gomes José Giovani Nobre , Carvalho Jovanka Bittencourt Leite de , Morais Fátima Raquel Rosado
Published: June 2017

Study in order to know the results of prenatal care related to clinical complications of pregnancy, newborn’s low birth weight and prematurity in the context of the users of the service. Descriptive, exploratory research with quantitative approach developed with 305 users who underwent prenatal care in primary care in the city of Mossoró-RN. The data collection occurred from the application of a validated questionnaire, the IPR-PRENATAL index. The results indicate that over 50% of pregnant women had some type of complication during their pregnancy process, among intercurrent diseases in pregnancy, and experienced by users, the urinary tract infection was the most prevalent (28.0%), followed by anemia (19.3%) and hypertension (15.7%). Hypertension and anemia were the only events that interfere with the newborn’s weight, which showed that the existence of complications contributes in three times to the occurrence of low birth weight. In this sense, the quality of prenatal care can minimize that type of complication.
Congenital malformations in neonates: analysis of morbidity and associated factors
Authors: Melo Rosana Alves de , Fernandes Flávia Emília Cavalcante Valença , Araújo Ana Kariny Costa , Santos Nadja Maria dos , Campos Maria Elda Alves de Lacerda , Sobral Priscylla Helena Alencar Falcão , Siqueira Vitória De Barros , Lemos Roseane Da Silva , Xavier Saulo Bezerra , Leite Alana Mirelle Coelho , Mola Rachel , Maciel Luciana Pessoa , Santos Roberto Luis Pereira dos , Lacerda Lusineide Carmo Andrade de , Lira Gerlene Grudka , Silva Rosa De Cássia Miguelino , Valença Érika Batista dos Santos , Pinto Catarina Costa , Bezerra Cristiane Sousa , Lourenço Laíse Ferreira
Published: June 2017

Objective: To evaluate the neonatal morbidity due to congenital malformations in the city of Petrolina-PE, from 2008 to 2013.

Methods: A descriptive study with data from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc). The analyzes were carried out through frequency distribution and measures of central tendency and dispersion. The associations were tested by the Pearson and Kruskal Wallis chi-square tests. Significance was set at 5% and 95% confidence.

Results: 436 cases of congenital malformations were recorded in the study period, with 2011 being the highest occurrence year. The mothers of the newborns were young (25.2 years old), single, upper level of education and household. In general multiparous, with single gestation, vaginal delivery and performed up to six prenatal visits. The newborns were males, at 39 weeks or more of gestation and with normal weight (> = 2500g). The malformations of the musculoskeletal system were the most frequent followed by the genitourinary system. Congenital malformations were especially associated with neonatal characteristics such as gender and weight. In all causes the mean weight was greater than 2500g (p <0.05). The causes of malformation of greater occurrence in both sexes were osteomuscular (p <0.05). The aspects of the mother did not present significant differences in the present study (p> 0.05).

Conclusion: The present study evidenced relevant aspects in the occurrence of morbidities due to congenital malformations, directing to a greater attention the occurrence of these diseases especially in relation to the newborn.
Risk behavior on HIV transmission in independent elderly people
Authors: Ferreira Olívia Galvão Lucena , Silva Haydêe Cassé da , Silva Antonia Oliveira , Veloso Laura de Sousa Gomes , Marcolino Alinne Beserra de Lucena , Santos Andrea Carla Brandão da Costa , Soares Maria Elma de Souza Maciel , Leite Eliane de Sousa , Moreira Maria Adelaide Silva Paredes
Published: June 2017

Objective:  The objective was to know the risk behavior of independent elderly people in DST / HIV / AIDS prevention.

Method: Exploratory study with quantitative data approach. Sample was composed of 24 independent elderly people without diagnosis. An elaborate semi-structured interview script was used. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, using chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: We found 87% female, age group between 60-69 years (62%) and marital status widow (43%).Of the sample, 87% reported knowing the means of transmission of the virus, 79% reported not using condoms and all had some sexual intercourse without the use of condoms.The analysis between the dependent variable "knows how to transmit HIV" and independent "condom use" showed statistical significance (p = 0.014).

Conclusion: It can be inferred that there was a high risk behavior for HIV / AIDS virus acquisition in this sample, since they did not use condoms in their sexual practices, even if they had knowledge about the forms of virus transmission.

Descriptors: Aging. Risk groups. HIV. Elderly.
Clinical and Hematological Evaluation of Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia Before and After Four Years of Using Hydroxyurea
Authors: Bispo Ieda Maria Gonçalves Pacce , Ivo Maria Lúcia , Nascimento Valter Aragão do , Pinto Alexandra Maria Almeida Carvalho de , Araújo Olinda Maria Rodrigues de , Oliveira Éveny Cristine Luna de , Freitas Sandra Luzinete Felix de , Silva Anderson Fernandes da , Santos Neto Abílio Torres dos , Cardoso Adreia Insabralde de Queiroz , Azevedo Isabelle Campos de , Ferreira Júnior Marcos Antonio
Published: June 2017

Objective: Evaluating clinical and hematological-clinical parameters of patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) before and after four years of using hydroxyurea (HU). 

Method: A retrospective cohort study implementing a quantitative, descriptive and analytical approach developed in two public teaching hospitals located in the Central-West region of Brazil, from November 2010 to October 2011. Data collection was performed through medical records of 32 patients with SCA to assess clinical and hematological parameters before and after HU treatment. The study was approved by the UFMS Ethics Committee under protocol number 1890/2010.

Results: All of the 32 patients were homozygous with a mean age in the prescription of hydroxyurea of 19.72±7.58 years, an initial dose of 15.59±4.27 mg/kg/day, and 22.48±5.35 mg/kg/day in the fourth year of treatment. Regarding the use of HU, average values of some hematological parameters presented a significant difference in the fourth year compared to the mean values prior to HU use, such as fetal hemoglobin (14.49±7.52%), red blood cells (2.54±0.38x1012/L), hematocrit (25.30±4.03%) and hemoglobin (9.22±3.34g/dL). 

Conclusion: Treatment with hydroxyurea showed a significant increase in fetal hemoglobin levels, increased hemoglobin, hematocrit and average corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, with reduced episodes of pain, infection and acute chest syndrome in such a way as to reaffirm its efficiency in treating these patients.

Keywords: Hemoglobin; Sickle Cell Anemia; Hydroxyurea.
Low-mass White Dwarfs with Hydrogen Envelopes as a Missing Link in the Tidal Disruption Menu
Authors: Law-Smith Jamie , MacLeod Morgan , Guillochon James , Macias Phillip , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico
Published: June 2017

We construct a menu of objects that can give rise to bright flares when disrupted by massive black holes (BHs), ranging from planets to evolved stars. Through their tidal disruption, main sequence and evolved stars can effectively probe the existence of otherwise quiescent supermassive BHs, and white dwarfs can probe intermediate mass BHs. Many low-mass white dwarfs possess extended hydrogen envelopes, which allow for the production of prompt flares in disruptive encounters with moderately massive BHs of 105–

—masses that may constitute the majority of massive BHs by number. These objects are a missing link in two ways: (1) for probing moderately massive BHs and (2) for understanding the hydrodynamics of the disruption of objects with tenuous envelopes. A flare arising from the tidal disruption of a

white dwarf by a

reaches a maximum between 0.6 and 11 days, with a peak fallback rate that is usually super-Eddington and results in a flare that is likely brighter than a typical tidal disruption event. Encounters stripping only the envelope can provide hydrogen-only fallback, while encounters disrupting the core evolve from H- to He-rich fallback. While most tidal disruption candidates observed thus far are consistent with the disruptions of main sequence stars, the rapid timescales of nuclear transients such as Dougie and PTF10iya are naturally explained by the disruption of low-mass white dwarfs. As the number of observed flares continues to increase, the menu presented here will be essential for characterizing nuclear BHs and their environments through tidal disruptions.
The Luminous Blue Variable RMC 127 as Seen with ALMA and ATCA
Authors: Agliozzo C. , Trigilio C. , Pignata G. , Phillips N. M. , Nikutta R. , Leto P. , Umana G. , Ingallinera A. , Buemi C. , Bauer F. E. , Paladini R. , Noriega-Crespo A. , Prieto J. L. , Massardi M. , Cerrigone L.
Published: June 2017

We present ALMA and ATCA observations of the luminous blue variable RMC 127. The radio maps show for the first time the core of the nebula and evidence that the nebula is strongly asymmetric with a Z-pattern shape. Hints of this morphology are also visible in the archival Hubble Space Telescope

H
α

image, which overall resembles the radio emission. The emission mechanism in the outer nebula is optically thin free–free in the radio. At high frequencies, a component of point-source emission appears at the position of the star, up to the ALMA frequencies. The rising flux density distribution (

S

ν

∼

ν

0.78
±
0.05

) of this object suggests thermal emission from the ionized stellar wind and indicates a departure from spherical symmetry with

n

e

(
r
)
∝

r

−
2

. We examine different scenarios to explain this excess of thermal emission from the wind and show that this can arise from a bipolar outflow, supporting the suggestion by other authors that the stellar wind of RMC 127 is aspherical. We fit the data with two collimated ionized wind models, and we find that the mass-loss rate can be a factor of two or more smaller than in the spherical case. We also fit the photometry obtained by IR space telescopes and deduce that the mid- to far-IR emission must arise from extended, cool (

∼
80

K

) dust within the outer ionized nebula. Finally, we discuss two possible scenarios for the nebular morphology: the canonical single-star expanding shell geometry and a precessing jet model assuming the presence of a companion star.
Hanle-Zeeman Scattering Matrix for Magnetic Dipole Transitions
Authors: Megha A. , Sampoorna M. , Nagendra K. N. , Sankarasubramanian K.
Published: June 2017

The polarization of the light that is scattered by the coronal ions is influenced by the anisotropic illumination from the photosphere and the magnetic field structuring in the solar corona. The properties of the coronal magnetic fields can be well studied by understanding the polarization properties of coronal forbidden emission lines that arise from magnetic dipole (M1) transitions in the highly ionized atoms that are present in the corona. We present the classical scattering theory of the forbidden lines for a more general case of arbitrary-strength magnetic fields. We derive the scattering matrix for M1 transitions using the classical magnetic dipole model of Casini & Lin and applying the scattering matrix approach of Stenflo. We consider a two-level atom model and neglect collisional effects. The scattering matrix so derived is used to study the Stokes profiles formed in coronal conditions in those regions where the radiative excitations dominate collisional excitations. To this end, we take into account the integration over a cone of an unpolarized radiation from the solar disk incident on the scattering atoms. Furthermore, we also integrate along the line of sight to calculate the emerging polarized line profiles. We consider radial and dipole magnetic field configurations and spherically symmetric density distributions. For our studies we adopt the atomic parameters corresponding to the [Fe xiii] 10747 Å coronal forbidden line. We also discuss the nature of the scattering matrix for M1 transitions and compare it with that for the electric dipole (E1) transitions.
The Nickel Mass Distribution of Normal Type II Supernovae
Authors: Müller Tomás , Prieto José L. , Pejcha Ondřej , Clocchiatti Alejandro
Published: June 2017

Core-collapse supernova (SN) explosions expose the structure and environment of massive stars at the moment of their death. We use the global fitting technique of Pejcha & Prieto to estimate a set of physical parameters of 19 normal SNe II, such as their distance moduli, reddenings, 56Ni masses

M

Ni

, and explosion energies

E

exp

from multicolor light curves and photospheric velocity curves. We confirm and characterize known correlations between

M

Ni

and bolometric luminosity at 50 days after the explosion, and between

M

Ni

and

E

exp

. We pay special attention to the observed distribution of

M

Ni

coming from a joint sample of 38 SNe II, which can be described as a skewed-Gaussian-like distribution between

0.005

M

⊙

and

0.280

M

⊙

, with a median of

0.031

M

⊙

, mean of

0.046

M

⊙

, standard deviation of

0.048

M

⊙

, and skewness of 3.050. We use a two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and two-sample Anderson–Darling test to compare the observed distribution of

M

Ni

to results from theoretical hydrodynamical codes of core-collapse explosions with the neutrino mechanism presented in the literature. Our results show that the theoretical distributions obtained from the codes tested in this work, KEPLER and Prometheus Hot Bubble, are compatible with the observations irrespective of different pre-SN calibrations and different maximum mass of the progenitors.
Spin-down Evolution and Radio Disappearance of the Magnetar PSR J1622–4950
Authors: Scholz P. , Camilo F. , Sarkissian J. , Reynolds J. E. , Levin L. , Bailes M. , Burgay M. , Johnston S. , Kramer M. , Possenti A.
Published: June 2017

We report on 2.4 yr of radio timing measurements of the magnetar PSR J1622−4950 using the Parkes Observatory, between 2011 November and 2014 March. During this period the torque on the neutron star (inferred from the rotational frequency derivative) varied greatly, though much less erratically than during the 2 yr following its discovery in 2009. During the last year of our measurements the frequency derivative decreased in magnitude monotonically by 20%, to a value of −1.3 × 10−13 s−2, a factor of 8 smaller than when it was discovered. The flux density continued to vary greatly during our monitoring through 2014 March, reaching a relatively steady low level after late 2012. The pulse profile varied secularly on a similar timescale as the flux density and torque. A relatively rapid transition in all three properties was evident in early 2013. After PSR J1622−4950 was detected in all of our 87 observations up to 2014 March, we did not detect the magnetar in our resumed monitoring starting in 2015 January and have not detected it in any of the 30 observations conducted through 2016 September.
The Coreidae of Honduras (Hemiptera: Coreidae)
Authors: Linares Carlos , Orozco Jesus
Published: June 2017

Coreidae bugs are mostly sap-sucking insects feeding on a variety of plants. Despite their abundance and economic importance in Honduras there is little information on the species, their distribution and affected crops. Since knowledge of pest species allows for better management of crops, we aimed to document the diversity of this economically important group. Specimens from four entomological collections in Honduras were studied and an exhaustive search of all available literature was conducted.

A total of 2,036 insects were examined. The fauna of Honduran coreids is now composed of 68 species. Nineteen species are recorded for the country for the first time and 17 species were found only in literature. Little is known about the biology and economic importance of most of the species.
Evidence-Based Practice Education for Better Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Nurses and Midwives
Authors: Hines Sonia , Kynoch Kathryn , Munday Judy , McArdle Annie
Published: June 2017

Background:

Evidence-based practice (EBP) education is important to overcome barriers to evidence use in practice.

Method:

The authors conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the EBP knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of RNs and midwives who had participated in an EBP workshop and compared their results with those of nonparticipants.

Results:

A total of 198 nurses and midwives responded to the survey, 91 who had received EBP education and 107 who had not. There was a significant difference in terms of mean total KAP score which was significantly higher in the education group, indicating greater KAP in those respondents than those who had not received education (
p
= .004).

Conclusion:

This study has shown that participation in a single day of EBP education covering the basic steps of EBP results in nurses who have more positive attitudes, and greater knowledge and practice abilities in EBP than those who had not participated.

J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2017;48(6):256–262.
Understanding the Continuing Education Needs of Rural Midwestern Nurses
Authors: McCafferty Kandis L. , Ball Sarah J. , Cuddigan Janet
Published: June 2017

Background:

The continuing education needs of rural nurses are not well understood. Rural hospitals face special challenges that serve as barriers to the attainment of continuing education. The purpose of this study was to assess the educational needs and barriers identified by rural nurses in two midwestern states.

Method:

A 12-item needs assessment survey developed by the researchers and administered at forums in nine rural hospitals was completed by 119 nurses.

Results:

The areas identified as the highest need included postpartum hemorrhage, preterm labor, pediatric care, preeclampsia, shoulder dystocia, and embolism. The barriers to obtaining updated education included distance to travel for educational opportunities and lack of staff for coverage while attending the programs.

Conclusion:

Identifying the learning needs, preferred learning strategies, and potential barriers to continuing education of rural nurses is a critical step in designing educational offerings that enhance their knowledge. Interprofessional simulation-based learning may be particularly helpful in enhancing the clinical competence and confidence necessary to provide safe patient care in rural settings.

J Contin Nurs Educ.
2017;48(6):265–269.
A Continuing Education Conference About Patients With Parkinson's Disease and Their Caregivers
Authors: Bhimani Rozina , Palluck Hailey , Mathiason Moore Michelle A. , Anderson Lisa Carney
Published: June 2017

Background:

Conferences—formal meetings for learning—are a common venue for nurses to receive continuing education. This study used multimodal strategies, such as storytelling, lecture, case presentation, and discussions, to a deliver conference presentation.

Method:

Seventy-five and 69 rehabilitation nurses completed pretest and posttest surveys, respectively. Using an evaluative research design, seven questions measured the change in knowledge for Parkinson's disease (PD) and PD patient caregiver's needs. Two additional questions measured the change in comfort level with both topics.

Results:

For knowledge questions, the mean (±
SD
) number of correct questions significantly increased from 3.4 (±1.0) to 5.2 (±0.9) (
t
= −10.0,
p
< .001). Participants reported increased comfort with PD and caregivers' needs, which was also statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Multimodal education strategies can provide robust conference experiences and improve learning. For the successful transfer of knowledge to diverse learners, careful planning of conference content must include attention to diverse teaching strategies.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(6):270–275.
Enzymatic production of sterculic acid from the novel Phoenix tree seed oil: Optimization and kinetic study
Authors: Hou X. , Sun S.
Published: June 2017

Phoenix tree (Firmiana simplex) seed oil is a novel oil which is rich in sterculic acid. Sterculic acid, a cyclopropene fatty acid, can be used as the inhibitor of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase system and mammary carcinomas growth. In this work, Lipozyme TLIM-catalyzed hydrolysis of the novel Phoenix tree seed oil was used to prepare sterculic acid. High temperature GC-FID and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) were used to monitor the reaction progress. Effects of reaction variables on the hydrolysis were evaluated and optimized using response surface methodology. Results showed that sterculic acid can be successfully prepared from the novel seed oil, and the effect of reaction variables on the hydrolysis decreased in the order of reaction time > enzyme load > temperature. A high yield of fatty acids (DH, 98.2±0.8%) can be obtained under optimized conditions (45 ºC, mass ratio of water to oil 10:1, enzyme load 10%, and 18 h). The Arrhenius equation for the hydrolysis was LnV0 = 9.12-4721/T. The activation energy was 39.25KJ/mol. The kinetic values for Vmax, K/m were 0.232mol/(L∙min) and 0.084 mol/L, respectively.
Potentials of enhancing the physicochemical and functional characteristics of Nigella sativa oil by using the screw pressing technique for extraction
Authors: Hamed S. F. , Shaaban H. A. , Ramadan A. A. , Edris A. E.
Published: June 2017

In the current investigation the crude oil of Nigella sativa was extracted from seeds using hydraulic and screw pressing techniques. Different parameters were evaluated in order to find out the appropriate technique to enhance the physicochemical and functional-related characteristics of the extracted crude oil. Results showed that the acid and peroxide values were significantly lower in the screw pressed oil (SPO) than in the hydraulic pressed oil (HPO). The total phenolic content of the SPO was significantly higher than that of HPO. Evaluation of the oxidative stability using the Rancimat test showed that SPO recorded a much higher oxidative stability index (40.07 h) than HPO (0.51 h). The yield of the volatile oil fraction and its contents of thymoquinone isolated from the SPO were higher than that from the HPO. Biological evaluation revealed that the SPO had significantly higher antimicrobial activity than HPO against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus at 40 μL/well.
Characterization of Leucaena (Leucaena leucephala) oil by direct analysis in real time (DART) ion source and gas chromatography
Authors: Alam M. , Alandis N. M. , Sharmin E. , Ahmad N. , Alrayes B. F. , Ali D.
Published: June 2017

For the first time, we report the characterization of triacylglycerols and fatty acids in Leucaena (Leucaena leucephala) oil [LUCO], an unexplored nontraditional non-medicinal plant belonging to the family Fabaceae. LUCO was converted to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). We analyzed the triacylglycerols (TAGs) of pure LUCO and their FAMEs by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) followed by multivariate analysis for discrimination among the FAMEs. Our investigations for the analysis of LUCO samples represent noble features of glycerides. A new type of ion source, coupled with high-resolution TOF-MS was applied for the comprehensive analysis of triacylglycerols. The composition of fatty acid based LUCO oil was studied using Gas Chromatography (GC-FID). The major fatty acid components of LUCO oil are linoleic acid (52.08%) oleic acid (21.26%), palmitic acid (7.91%) and stearic acid (6.01%). A metal analysis in LUCO was done by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The structural elucidation and thermal stability of LUCO were studied by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques and TGA-DSC, respectively. We also measured the cytotoxicity of LUCO.
Methodology for predicting oily mixture properties in the mathematical modeling of molecular distillation
Authors: Gayol M. F. , Pramparo M. C. , Miró Erdmann S. M.
Published: June 2017

A methodology for predicting the thermodynamic and transport properties of a multi-component oily mixture, in which the different mixture components are grouped into a small number of pseudo components is shown. This prediction of properties is used in the mathematical modeling of molecular distillation, which consists of a system of differential equations in partial derivatives, according to the principles of the Transport Phenomena and is solved by an implicit finite difference method using a computer code. The mathematical model was validated with experimental data, specifically the molecular distillation of a deodorizer distillate (DD) of sunflower oil. The results obtained were satisfactory, with errors less than 10% with respect to the experimental data in a temperature range in which it is possible to apply the proposed method.
Effect of ultrasound on olive oil extraction and optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of extra virgin olive oil by response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Aydar A. Y. , Bağdatlıoğlu N. , Köseoğlu O.
Published: June 2017

In this study, the effects of different extraction parameters including ultrasound time, temperature and malaxation time on olive oil quality were investigated. The extraction variables ultrasound initial temperature (20–50 °C), ultrasound time (2–10 min) and malaxation time (30–50 min) were studied to obtain ideal conditions of ultrasonic treatment on the olive paste for obtaining of a greater yield in the extraction of oil, while maintaining a maximum level of commercial quality. To evaluate the level of commercial quality, absorbance in the UV region, peroxide (PV) and free acidity values (AV), the total chlorophyll, carotenoid, phenol contents, total antioxidant activity and sensory analysis of EVOOs extracted from Edremit cultivar were determined. The optimum conditions were found to be 50 °C, 2 min and 43.23 min for ultrasound initial temperature, sonication time and malaxation time, respectively. This optimal condition gave an extraction yield of 8.25 % and the acidity value of 0.24 mg oleic acid/100 g olive oil. The experimental values obtained under optimal conditions were in agreement with the theoretical values.
Preparation of stable tea seed oil nano-particle emulsions by a low energy method with non-ionic surfactants
Authors: Kanlayavattanakul M. , Lourith N.
Published: June 2017

Tea seed oil nano-particle emulsions were prepared. Non-ionic surfactants containing Tween 80 and Span 80 (1:1, w/w) were mixed with propanol (3-9:1, w/w) to give Smix, which was thereafter mixed with tea seed oil. The mixture was titrated with water at 150 rpm to give clear or bluish and bluish-white emulsions. Twelve nano-particle emulsions with 64.64 to 72.73% Smix, 16.66 to 27.27% oil and 9.09 to 16.67% water with particle sizes between 207.00 to 430.10 nm, PDI of 0 to 0.4, ζ-potential of -42.00 to -49.63 mV, pH of 7.04 to 7.32 and 151.33 to 241.93 cps, were stable following an accelerated stability test and long term storage at room temperature and 4 and 45 ºC for 90 days, although one system (16.66% oil and 66.67% Smix) was separated. This nano-particle emulsion formulation is concise and feasible for an industrial development of topical products containing tea seed oil.
STEM Inquiry Through INPLACE Mobile Games
Authors: Bressler Denise M.
Published: June 2017

To make STEM learning meaningful, students need to feel the relevance and authenticity of the learning activity. Games—particularly mobile games—offer a unique opportunity for students to be immersed in collaborative STEM inquiry. INPLACE mobile games combine the best practices of what the games and learning field knows about using the affordances of mobile devices to engage students, to support collaboration, and to promote authentic practice in a discipline. INPLACE is an acronym that stands for Interdependent, Networked, Participatory Learning, Augmented, Collaborative Experience. School Scene Investigators is a game series designed according to the INPLACE framework; students playing it demonstrated higher engagement and scientific inquiry than students in a control activity. Ultimately, INPLACE provides a design framework that teachers and researchers can use for building mobile games that heightens engagement and increases inquiry-based learning.
Learning about Complex Systems from the Bottom Up
Authors: Levy Sharona T.
Published: June 2017

The topic of learning through collaborative role-playing in computer-based participatory simulations of complex systems in STEM is presented. Participatory simulations are networked classroom activities aimed at learning about complex systems. In the process of learning, students query its underlying structure and explore its spatial, temporal and mathematical patterns in various conditions. The importance of understanding complex systems is highlighted, driving the main question in this chapter: How can we design learning experiences that support students' deep learning of emergent systems? The motivations behind using participatory simulations and their various designs are described as well as some of the more central learning research, cumulating with five studies into designs for such activities in science. Based on this research, eight design principles are introduced and future research directions are proposed.
Science Educator Professional Development
Authors: Lewis Anna , Matsumoto George
Published: June 2017

Scientific discovery, problem-solving, and hypothesis testing requires observation, data analysis and synthesis of new knowledge. In today's world, this process is highly dependent on computer-based data exploration of high volume, high velocity, and high variety data streams (3HV) However, though the power of 3HV surpasses the amount of information gathered from more familiar lab experiences, data-intensive science has not yet achieved the same impact or prominence in public education. This chapter provides an examination of the Education And Research: Testing Hypotheses (EARTH) Science Educator Professional Development (PD) which was developed to bridge this gap, bringing data-intensive science into the classroom while supporting inquiry learning practices.
Enrollment Management Strategies for Online Learning Environments
Authors: Ahern Terence C. , Burgazzoli Jr. Jeffrey
Published: June 2017

Enrollment management is a critical component of any institution or organization, whether that be a large-public university or small non-profit organization. Two systems, registration and enrollment, are driving forces behind any online learning environment. This chapter examines the enrollment management strategies of a small non-profit organization that utilized open-source methodology in its implementation of an online learning environment. The goal of this chapter is to demonstrate to administrators, course managers and educators the structure of an enrollment management system and to create a custom strategy in order to maintain to effective student records and to provide students with the appropriate access to instruction. Finally, the outcome of this chapter will be the development of policy guidelines, and a recount of strategies used to implement registration and enrollment systems.
Developing Technology-Centric Best Teaching Practices for Higher Education
Authors: Brinthaupt Thomas M. , Fisher Lawanna S. , Gardner Justin G. , Raffo Deana M.
Published: June 2017

In this chapter, the authors present a case study that describes their experiences in identifying and addressing technology-related challenges in higher education. Based on their experiences, they illustrate how higher education institutions can foster and cultivate faculty expertise and skills in order to enhance their online course development programs and improve the quality of courses and the success of students. The authors' work has focused on the following topics: best practices for online teachers, best practices for and the effects of using conditional release in online classes, and strategies for balancing online teaching activities. All of this work takes a technology-centric perspective on online learning in higher education. Using these domains as examples, the authors describe how administrators can encourage faculty cooperation and collaboration as their institutions implement effective technology-centric strategies.