bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization Studies on the sugC Gene of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 in Adhesion, Invasion, and Virulence in Mice
Authors: Dong Zhimin , Li Cheng , Tian Xiangxue , Guo Xiaoran , Li Xiuli , Ren Weike , Chi Jingjing , Zhang Li , Li Fuqiang , Zhu Yao , Zhang Wanjiang , Yan Minghua
Published: September 2024

The sugC gene of Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a coding gene for the ATP-binding transporter-associated protein with strong pathogenicity. In order to reveal the effect of the sugC gene on the virulence of S. suis serotype 2, a wild-type strain of TJS75, isolated from fattening pigs’ brain tissue samples, was used as a parent strain, and a knockout sugC gene (ΔsugC) and complementary strain (CΔsugC) were successfully constructed via homologous recombination technology. The biological characteristics of TJS75, ΔsugC and CΔsugC were compared and analyzed through growth curves, biochemical characteristics, hemolysis characteristics, cell infection tests and pathogenicity tests on BALB/c mice. The results of the growth characteristic experiments in vitro showed that the plateau stage growth period of ΔsugC was delayed compared to the TJS75 strain, but there was no difference in the total number of bacteria. The biochemical characteristics and hemolysis ability of ΔsugC in sheep blood had no difference compared with TJS75, but its adhesion and invasion abilities in PK-15 cells were decreased. Knockout of the sugC gene had no impact on the expression levels of adhesion-related genes in TJS75 in real-time PCR analysis. In addition, the LD50 of ΔsugC in BALB/c mice was 1.47 × 108 CFU, seven times higher than that of TJS75 (LD50 = 2.15 × 107 CFU). These results illustrate that the deletion of sugC reduced the virulence of TJS75 to BALB/c mice, but its role in the adhesion and invasion of PK-15 cells in this strain needs to be further explored. In summary, this study provides evidence that the sugC gene is a virulence-related gene in the S. suis serotype 2 strain and plays a crucial role in the adhesion and invasion of S. suis. This study lays a foundation for the further exploration of the potential virulence factors and pathogenesis of S. suis.
Effect of Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme roles on prescription patterns and patient satisfaction in England: a retrospective panel data analysis
Authors: Nicodemo Catia , Salisbury Chris , Petrou Stavros
Published: September 2024

Background

In 2019, the Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme (ARRS) was introduced in England as a crucial component of the government’s manifesto pledge to enhance access to general practice. The primary objective was to recruit 26 000 extra personnel through new roles into general practice.

Aim

To analyse the effects of ARRS staff on prescription rates and patient satisfaction.

Design and setting

A retrospective panel data analysis combining data from the General Workforce Minimum Dataset and NHS Digital datasets about primary care practices and their activity from 2018 to 2022. The study included data from >6000 general practices.

Method

A linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between ARRS staff and prescription rates and patient satisfaction, controlling for patient and practice characteristics.

Results

The results showed that ARRS roles tend to be more frequent in larger general practices, with fewer full-time GPs per patient, and with more overseas trained GPs. The use of ARRS staff was significantly associated with lower prescription rates (β = −0.52,
P
<0.001) and higher patient satisfaction (β = 3.2,
P
<0.001), after controlling for patient and practice characteristics.

Conclusion

This study suggests that the ARRS has the potential to have a positive role in primary care, notably through reduced prescription rates and improved patient satisfaction. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of the ARRS on primary care, including patient outcomes and healthcare costs, and the potential barriers to its implementation.
İnternet Bağımlılığının Beslenme Alışkanlıkları ve BKİ/Z-Skor ile İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Adölesanlar Üzerinde Kesitsel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Meriç Çağdaş Salih , Yılmaz Hacı Ömer , Türkkan Tuğba , Bülbül Kenan
Published: September 2024

Giriş ve Amaç: İnternet bağımlılığı özellikle fizyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal gelişimin hızlı olduğu, başta beslenme olmak üzere çoğu alışkanlıkların kazanıldığı çocukluk ve adölesan dönemi etkilemektedir. Bu araştırma, adölesanlarda internet bağımlılığının beslenme alışkanlıkları ve vücut ağırlığı-obezite (BKİ/Z-Skor) ile ilişkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla planlanmış ve yürütülmüştür.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tipte olan bu araştırmaya basit rastgele örneklem metodu ve yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak 679 adölesan dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmacılar tarafından güncel literatürün taranmasıyla hazırlanan anket formu adölesanların sosyo demografik özelliklerini, beslenme alışkanlıklarını, Türkiye Beslenme Rehberi’ne (TÜBER) göre günlük tüketilmesi gereken besin gruplarını, adölesanların fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini, internet ve akıllı telefon kullanım durumları ile “Young İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeği–Kısa Form (YİBÖ-KF)”unu içermektedir.
Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 14,06±2,06 yıl olan adölesanların BKİ ve Z-skor ortalamaları sırasıyla 20,67±3,7kg/m2 ve 1,24±1,10’dur. Z-skor’a göre adölesanların %77,0’ı zayıf/normal, %23,0’ı şişman/obez olarak kategorize edilmiştir. Şişman/obez adölesanların zayıf/normal olanlara kıyasla internet ve akıllı telefon kullanım sürelerinin anlamlı olarak yüksektir. Adölesanların YİBÖ-KF puanları 26,2±7,6 olup şişman/obez adölesanların puanları (27,8±7,0) zayıf/normal olanlara kıyasla (25,7±7,7) anlamlı olarak yüksektir. TÜBER’in günlük önerdiği düzeyde süt ve süt ürünleri, ekmek ve tahıl ürünleri ile sebze tüketen adölesanların internet bağımlılık düzeyleri bazen tüketen veya hiç tüketmeyenlere kıyasla anlamlı olarak düşüktür. Adölesanların Z-skorları ile internet bağımlılıkları arasında kuvvetli pozitif korelasyon belirlenmiş olup adölesanların internet bağımlılıkları arttıkça Z-skorları ve obezite riskleri de artmaktadır.
Sonuç: Araştırma bulguları adölesanların önemli ölçüde sağlıksız beslenme alışkanlıklarına sahip olduklarını, sağlıklı besin gruplarını günlük önerilen düzeyde tüketmediklerini ve bu durumun internet bağımlılığı ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. İnternet bağımlılığı ve beslenme alışkanlıkları ile anormal vücut ağırlığı arasındaki ilişkinin objektif ölçümler ile detaylıca irdeleneceği, geniş ölçekli ileriye dönük çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
ANALISIS PARTISIPASI PROGRAM ASURANSI NELAYAN MANDIRI TERPERCAYA DI KOTA SIBOLGA
Authors: Nur Aisyah  , Muhammad Syukri Albani Nasution  , Ahmad Muhaisin B Syarbaini Tanjung
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyse the participation of the trusted independent fishermen insurance program in sibolga city. Descriptive qualitative research type. Data collection methods are observation, interview and documentation. Information in this research totalled 5 people from small fishermen and traditional fishermen and the main informant in this research was the sibolga city marine and fisheries office. The number of fishermen who participated in the independent fisherman insurance programme in sibolga city amounted to 800% of fishermen or 69% of this programme recorded since 2012 and this is the first life insurance provided to fishermen. While the number of fishermen who do not participate in the independent fishermen insurance programme is 359 fishermen or 31%. The reason for fishermen who do not participate in the independent fishermen's insurance programme is because fishermen think that there are many cases of fraudulent insurance and fishermen are wary of the programme, then low public knowledge of the independent fishermen's insurance programme, besides that they also think that by following the insurance, they pray for us to be harmed in business. Whereas this government programme is very helpful to the community in the event of accidents and unwanted events when sailing for fishing.
Effect of postoperative 660-nm low-level laser therapy on the radiographic crestal bone loss of fresh-socket dental implants
Authors: Sighari Deljavan Alireza , Momeni Hasan , Shirani Amirmansour
Published: September 2024

Background. Although the benefits of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in soft tissue healing have been demonstrated, the effects of laser on bone have remained controversial. This study investigated the impact of postoperative 660-nm LLLT on the radiographic crestal bone loss of fresh-socket dental implants. Methods. Thirty patients referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for tooth extraction and placement of fresh-socket implants were selected and assigned to two groups: laser (intervention) and no-laser (control) groups. Immediately after tooth extraction, the implant was inserted into the tooth socket. 660-nm LLLT was immediately started after surgery and was repeated three times per week for two weeks. Bone quantification at the implant site was assessed using periapical intraoral radiographs and computerized software immediately after surgery and after six months. Results. This study showed a statistically significant difference in mean bone resorption between the mesial and distal aspects of the two groups, with lower bone resorption in the laser group compared to the no-laser group. Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that LLLT can effectively reduce bone resorption in fresh-socket implant placement. This might indicate the positive effect of LLLT on bone resorption reduction.
Clinical assessment of monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated using an intraoral scanner
Authors: Eftekhar Ashtiani Reza , Nasiry Khanlar Leila , Ghoveizi Rahab , Beyabanaki Elaheh
Published: September 2024

Background. This in vivo study assessed the accuracy of single-tooth monolithic zirconia crowns made using an intraoral scanner (IOS) and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology. Methods. Thirty patients requiring single posterior crowns were selected. The teeth were prepared with a deep chamfer finish line with a 1-mm extension subgingivally and a 1-mm reduction in all surfaces by one prosthodontist. The gingival margins were retracted using a gingival retraction paste before making impressions using a Trios scanner. All the digital impression files were sent to one laboratory using the dental designer software (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). After completing the milling and sintering processes, the crowns were dyed and glazed. After removing the temporary crown, the qualitative assessment of proximal contacts of definitive monolithic zirconia crowns was performed according to the CDA criteria. Data were analyzed with Friedman’s two-way analysis and independent t-test at α=0.05. Results. The difference in axial and total gaps between premolar and molar teeth was not significant; however, the mean marginal gap of molars was higher than that of the premolars (P=0.043). Furthermore, the comparison of the axial, total, and marginal gaps between the upper and lower jaws showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The distribution of occlusal and proximal contacts indicated 60% and 66.7% proper contacts and no contacts in 6.7% and 10% of cases, respectively. Conclusion. Using IOSs could result in accurate monolithic zirconia crowns in terms of adaptation. Also, most occlusal and proximal contacts did not need any adjustments.
Effectiveness of XP-Endo Finisher, Endoactivator, and PUI agitation in the penetration of intracanal medicaments into dentinal tubules: A confocal laser scanning microscope analysis
Authors: Akkol Elif , Özlek Esin
Published: September 2024

Background. This investigation assessed the impact of irrigation activation systems on the depth of penetration of intracanal medicaments into dentinal tubules. Methods. Ninety-six mandibular premolar teeth were prepared using ProTaper Next up to size X3. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups based on the final irrigation activation systems (n=24): group 1: EndoActivator, group 2: XP-Endo Finisher, group 3: Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and group 4: control. After the final irrigation, all the samples were divided into two subgroups (n=12): subgroup A: calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 ) and subgroup B: modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP). Statistical analysis involved three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results. EndoActivator, XP-Endo Finisher, and PUI activation methods significantly increased the penetration of intracanal medicaments compared to conventional needle irrigation (P<0.05). The XP-Endo Finisher group exhibited the highest penetration percentage and maximum penetration depth, showing a statistically significant difference from the EndoActivator group (P<0.001). No significant difference was observed between XP-Endo Finisher and PUI, nor between PUI and EndoActivator (P>0.05). mTAP showed a higher percentage of dentinal tubule penetration than Ca(OH)2 , although no significant difference was found in maximum penetration depth. The coronal region demonstrated the highest penetration percentage and depth, while the apical region showed the lowest. Conclusion. This study showed the effectiveness of XP-Endo Finisher in improving the penetration of intracanal medicaments into dentinal tubules. The findings emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate irrigation activation systems to improve treatment outcomes in endodontics. By demonstrating the effectiveness of advanced systems like XP-Endo Finisher, this research supports their integration into routine clinical practice for better endodontic success.
Evaluation of the efficacy of various remineralization agents and grape seed extract on microhardness and lesion depth of primary tooth enamel: An in vitro study
Authors: Eymirli Pınar Serdar , Gültekin İrem Mergen , Özler Cansu Özşin , Özyürek Emel Uzunoğlu
Published: September 2024

Background. This study evaluated the efficacy of grape seed extract (GSE) on the remineralization of primary tooth enamel alone or in combination with remineralizing agents. Methods. The initial microhardness value of 90 primary tooth enamel samples was calculated; then, the samples were demineralized. The post-demineralization hardness of the samples was measured and the samples were randomly divided into 6 groups as follows: G1: negative control, G2: GSE, G3: NaF, G4:Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), G5: GSE+NaF, and G6: GSE+CPP-ACP (n=15). Oral environment pH cycle was applied and hardness measurements were repeated after treatments. The samples were stained with 1% rhodamine B dye and sectioned, and the lesion depth was measured. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results. The hardness decrease of the GSE and GSE+NaF groups was less than the other groups (P<0.05). The decrease was also less in the other groups than in the control group (P>0.05). GSE showed a positive effect when combined with NaF in maintaining microhardness but did not show the same effect when combined with CPP-ACP (P<0.05). Concerning penetration depth, all the groups had statistically lower values than the control group (P<0.05). The lowest penetration rates were observed in the GSE+NaF and GSE+CPP-ACP groups (P<0.05). Conclusion. The lowest hardness decrease was observed in the GSE and GSE+NaF groups, and the lowest penetration rates were observed in the GSE+NaF and GSE+CPP-ACP groups. It has been determined that a 15% GSE solution might be used as an alternative to fluoride in primary tooth remineralization and can increase the effectiveness of fluoride when used together.
Can renewable energy sources alleviate the pressure of military expenditures on the environment? Empirical evidence from Turkiye
Authors: Akusta Emre
Published: September 2024

This study analyzes the potential of renewable energy sources to reduce the environmental impact of military expenditures in Turkiye. ARDL method is preferred in the analysis using annual data for the period 1990-2021. In addition, an interaction term is added to the model to determine the effectiveness of renewable energy sources. The results show that military expenditures have a positive effect on CO2 emissions in the short and long run with coefficients of 0.260 and 0.196, respectively. Moreover, renewable energy use has a statistically significant negative effect on CO2 emissions in the short and long run with coefficients of -0.119 and -0.120, respectively. GDP has a positive effect on CO2 emissions in the short and long run with coefficients of 0.162 and 0.193, respectively. Although population growth does not have a statistically significant effect in the short run, it is found to increase CO2 emissions in the long run with a coefficient of 0.095. Moreover, the interaction term shows that renewable energy use reduces the environmental impact of military expenditures in Turkiye in the short and long run with coefficients of -0.130 and -0.140, respectively. The results indicate that renewable energy use can play an important role in mitigating the environmental impacts of military expenditures.
Learner protection & Teacher’s Performance Appraisal in Kenya
Authors: Musungu Sasita , Ejakait Epari , Buhere Pamela
Published: September 2024

Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development (TPAD) was introduced in Kenyan public schools in 2016 to among others, give teachers an opportunity to improve on their performance competencies, provide support for their professional records and protect the rights and safety of learners. We used Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) regression on a dataset of 110 secondary teachers in Matete Sub-County of Kakamega County, Kenya, to model capacity building course attendance following TPAD processes. The results suggest that teachers had too few capacity building courses, M=0.17, SD=0.69 with the number of courses ranging between zero and five for the 110 teachers who were sampled. In a nutshell, the policy implications from our results are discussed in this article.
Carga informativa y anáfora discursiva: comparación entre el español y el chino mandarín
Authors: Cao Yufei , Ding Yiwen
Published: September 2024

The referential nature of noun phrases is a subject that has been widely discussed in linguistic circles, an issue that is also controversial. This paper analyzes the information load and discourse anaphora using the competition approach and makes a comparison between Spanish and Mandarin. The cross-language comparison confirms that although there are some differences in referential forms, nominal syntagma with incomplete description is often anaphoric in the two languages, because they are expressions with less information and are more dependent on context. In discourse anaphora, people have a natural preference for these less burdened expressions because they can restore the attributes contained in the referents in a more economical way.
In silico modeling of reservoir-based predictive coding in biological neuronal networks on microelectrode arrays
Authors: Sato Yuya , Yamamoto Hideaki , Ishikawa Yoshitaka , Sumi Takuma , Sono Yuki , Sato Shigeo , Katori Yuichi , Hirano-Iwata Ayumi
Published: September 2024

Reservoir computing and predictive coding together yield a computational model for exploring how neuronal dynamics in the mammalian cortex underpin temporal signal processing. Here, we construct an in-silico model of biological neuronal networks grown on microelectrode arrays and explore their computing capabilities through a sine wave prediction task in a reservoir-based predictive coding framework. Our results show that the time interval between stimulation pulses is a critical determinant of task performance. Additionally, under a fixed feedback latency, pulse amplitude modulation is a favorable encoding scheme for input signals. These findings provide practical guidelines for future implementation of the model in biological experiments.
Magnonic noise in the parametric spin-wave pumping process
Authors: Nishiwaki Yuri , Nezu Shoki , Sekiguchi Koji
Published: September 2024

This study investigates magnonic noise in the context of parametric spin-wave pumping in a yttrium iron garnet waveguide. By analyzing the input power dependence of parametric spin-wave spectra, we observed spectrum broadening and the emergence of additional pumping channels. A threshold power of 99.9 mW was determined based on spin-wave voltage. To elucidate magnon dynamics beyond the threshold, magnonic noise was examined, revealing its greater sensitivity to magnon scattering compared to spin-wave voltage. The detection of four-magnon scattering and its power-dependent behavior provides further insights into magnon interactions. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of magnon dynamics in parametric pumping, a critical process in magnonics.
Recovery of drain-induced threshold voltage shift by positive gate bias in GaN power HEMTs with p-GaN gate
Authors: Favero D. , De Santi C. , Nardo A. , Dixit A. , Vanmeerbeek P. , Stockman A. , Tack M. , Meneghesso G. , Zanoni E. , Meneghini M.
Published: September 2024

We demonstrate that exposure to positive gate bias can favor a fast recovery of the threshold voltage variation induced by off-state stress, in p-GaN gate high electron mobility transistors. Two process splits were investigated, having different Schottky barriers at the metal/p-GaN junction. Results indicate that: (a) drain stress may result in significant threshold voltage increase; (b) devices with sufficiently high gate leakage current show an immediate recovery after gate turn-on, resulting in stable operation in actual applications. The contribution of leakage current is demonstrated, based on recovery experiments at different voltages and for the same rate of hole injection from the gate.
MAXIMIZE DIGITAL GAME BASED LEARNING TO TEACH ENGLISH FOR YOUNG LEARNERS: TEACHER’S VIEW
Authors: Zen Aida Fitrianah , Rinda
Published: September 2024

Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) has gained significant popularity in Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL) due to its potential to enhance student engagement and motivation. This article explores the teacher's view of the use of  DGBL in TEYL. Several areas of the study such the different of conventional and digtal game for teaching EYL, lesson plan, and the use of Agenda web and duolingo as the digital platform in teaching DGBL obtained from the deepper interview. Support for future research are suggest in the conclusion.
Keywords: DGBL, TEYL, Teacher’s view
Kortárs fotográfia és a testviszonyok
Authors: Miron-Vilidár Vivien
Published: September 2024

Nathalie Herschdorfer (szerk.): Body. The Photobook. London, Thames & Hudson, 2022. 432 old.
RISCO DE EPILEPSIA PÓS AVC: FATORES PREDISPONENTES
Authors: Teixeira Pedro Henrique Moura , Moreira Matheus Costa do Amaral , Santos Diego Alves , Cruz Laísa Vieira Menezes , Andrade Andréa Leite Nascimento , Arancibia Mitar Alexis Aramayo , Solano Caroline Rafaela , Ribeiro Rebecca de Paula Quintela , Teixeira Juliana Rosa , Batista Daniela Wagner , Santos Luís Wictor Lima Dos , Pinheiro Lucas Auceliano Coelho , Florentino Janaína Pereira de Souza
Published: September 2024

A epilepsia pós-acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) é uma complicação frequente em pacientes que sofreram um evento cerebrovascular, especialmente em idosos e em casos de AVC grave. Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar os principais fatores predisponentes para o desenvolvimento de epilepsia após o AVC, abordando a etiologia, fatores de risco, diagnóstico e tratamento dessas condições. A metodologia consistiu em uma revisão de literatura nas principais bases de dados, utilizando descritores relacionados ao tema. Foram incluídos artigos que tratavam diretamente da relação entre AVC e epilepsia, e analisados quanto à qualidade metodológica e relevância dos resultados. Os resultados apontaram que a gravidade do AVC, especialmente em casos de hemorragia intracerebral, aumenta significativamente o risco de crises epilépticas. Estudos mostraram que 3.483 pacientes desenvolveram epilepsia nos primeiros quatro anos após o AVC, sendo o risco maior no primeiro ano. As crises precoces estão ligadas a processos agudos, como hipóxia e inflamação, enquanto as crises tardias resultam de lesões estruturais permanentes. Conclui-se que o acompanhamento clínico contínuo e o tratamento preventivo com antiepilépticos podem melhorar o prognóstico e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Análise Epidemiológica da AIDS no Nordeste durante o período de 2019 a 2023
Authors: Dos Santos José Vinicius , De Jesus dos Santos Leopoldino Dayane , Batista de Oliveira Neto Eclésio , Bezerra Silva Ana Beatriz , Brandão de Albuquerque Ernesto , Da Silva Valença Milones Maria Eduarda , Ferreira Duarte Kristiane , Albuquerque Oliveira Vinicius , Serejo Medeiros Pinaud Calheiros Karolinne , Inês Costa Cordeiro Karine , Rodrigues Silva Lara Silvina , Beatriz Cardoso de Albuquerque Nascimento Vitória
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS), provocada pelo vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV), é uma doença que se desenvolve após um longo período de incubação do vírus. O HIV compromete o sistema imunológico, afetando especialmente os linfócitos CD4 +, além de monócitos e macrófagos, tornando o indivíduo mais suscetível a diversas infecções oportunistas. Objetivo: descrever  o  perfil  epidemiológico  dos  casos diagnosticados  de HIV/AIDS na região Nordeste durante o período de 2019 a 2023. Metodologia: estudo observacional, descritivo e retrospectivo, através do levantamento de dados epidemiológicos dos casos diagnosticados de HIV/AIDS, no Nordeste, no período de 2019 a 2023. As informações epidemiológicas e de morbidade foram obtidas no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), na subseção do Sistema de Informações sobre Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Foram calculadas as frequências absolutas e relativas das variáveis aplicadas e selecionadas na aba do SINAN para elaboração do estudo: “ano de diagnóstico”, “sexo”, “faixa etária”, “Raça/Cor”, “Unidade Federativa de notificação” e “Categoria de exposição”. Resultados: Entre 2019 a 2023, foram diagnosticados 19.291 casos de AIDS no Nordeste, sendo o ano de maior incidência 2019 e o de menor incidência em 2023. Observou-se o maior número de casos no sexo masculino, indivíduos de cor parda, adultos entre 40 a 49 anos, e residentes no Estado da Bahia, sendo os heterossexuais os responsáveis pela maior parte das infecções. Conclusão: O mapeamento das características epidemiológicas da AIDS é de extrema importância para a criação e adoção de novas estratégias que visem  à redução dos casos da doença no Brasil.
The Impact of Population Growth on Open Area in the Coastal Area of Makassar City
Authors: Nganro Sudirman , Wadzibah Nas
Published: September 2024

Makassar City, as the capital of South Sulawesi Province, has advantages over other cities. Its status as an educational center in eastern Indonesia attracts people seeking education and employment. As a coastal area, Makassar City provides various eco-services with environmental, economic, and social value, which is a primary factor driving urbanization. The movement of people from villages to cities encourages rapid population growth and development, resulting in the conversion of open areas into built-up areas. Changes in land use and land cover are driven by human activities to meet various needs, such as housing, industry, and infrastructure. Monitoring land use changes can be achieved through satellite imagery, and this study utilizes data from 1997, 2002, and 2017. The aim of this study is to analyze changes in land use, particularly the transformation of open areas into built-up areas. The analysis technique employed is spatial analysis. Landsat data, including satellite imagery from L5_TM for 1997, L7_ETM for 2002, and L8_OLI for 2017, serve as primary data for classifying open areas and built-up areas. The results of the analysis indicate that the built-up area increased by 3.23% from 1997 to 2002, and by 10.94% from 2002 to 2017. Conversely, open areas experienced a decrease of 14.17% from 1997 to 2017. This change highlights the growing built-up area and its impact on the reduction of open areas. The data on these changes will provide valuable input for the government and the community as a basis for decision-making regarding environmental management and planning in the future.
Development of an Urban Growth Model Using Geographical Information System in Malaysia: A Review
Authors: Eryanna Agie Patrick  , Mohd Amirul Mahamud  , Mohd Shaflik Rozali
Published: September 2024

Urbanization is one of the major problems faced by various countries over time. The process by which rural regions transform into cities and people move from rural to urban areas is known as urbanization. Urban land use development is influenced by a variety of factors, including physical, socioeconomic, and environmental issues. While urbanization benefits many stakeholders by enhancing social, economic, and infrastructure aspects, it also poses risks to people's safety and harms the physical, social, and cultural landscape as more buildings are constructed. Consequently, spatial models for urban growth are often used in planning to develop strategies for controlling land use actions, such as GIS, GIS-based remote sensing, CA-Markov, AHP, and MCE. GIS and CA-Markov are among the models widely employed by researchers to simulate land use change. Malaysia also tends to utilize urban growth models as part of its efforts to plan for sustainable cities in the future. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess and review the use of GIS in developing an urban growth model in the Malaysian context. The results indicate that GIS and other models or techniques can serve as a strategic framework for urban development policy.
The Advanced Analysis of Deep Drawing Processes for 1-Inch Diameter Dop-Pipe Caps: Simulation and Experimental Insights
Authors: Pratama Tito Chaerul , Sukarman  , Tikamori Ghazi , Mulyadi Dodi , Supriyanto Agus , Amir Amir , Khoirudin Khoirudin , Hananto Agus
Published: September 2024

This article investigates the challenges and solutions within the deep drawing process, focusing on issues like cracks and deviations from standard thickness dimensions. Utilizing both experimental methods with a 40-ton power press machine and numerical simulations via ABAQUS software, the study uses SPCC-SD steel to produce a Dop-pipe 1-inch diameter pipe cap. Key findings reveal significant correlations in elements E-90 and E-91, with minimal disparities of around 4.5% between experimental and numerical approaches, showcasing the accuracy of numerical predictions. Notably, the numerical simulations identify potential issues such as increased thickness due to higher axial forces, providing valuable insights for process optimization and defect reduction. By advancing the deep drawing process and extending its applicability to broader material-forming applications, this research contributes significantly to enhancing production efficiency and improving manufacturing practices, emphasizing the importance of simulation-driven approaches in achieving precision and quality enhancement in complex manufacturing processes.
PENGARUH PUPUK KOTORAN AYAM DAN BIOCAR ARANG SEKAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KANGKUNG DARAT (Ipomea reptans Poir) PADA MEDIA TANAH MASAM
Authors: Nadiah  , Firnia Dewi , Rusmana  , Rohmawati Imas
Published: September 2024

Acid soil status can affect the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil which have an impact on plant growth, nutrient availability and damage microbial activity in the soil. This research aims to determine the response of land kale plants to the application of doses of chicken manure fertilizer and husk charcoal biochar on acid soil media. The study used a randomized block design (RCBD) with 2 factors. Chicken manure as the first factor with dosage levels, namely 0 t ha-1, 20 t ha-1, 40 t ha-1, and 60 t ha-1. The dosage of husk charcoal biochar as factor 2 is 0 t ha-1, 15 t ha-1, and 30 t ha-1. The results of the research showed that the treatment of chicken manure fertilizer with husk charcoal biochar had a very significantly different effect on the parameters of plant height and number of leaves at 21 and 28 DAP. From the research that has been carried out, chicken manure and husk charcoal biochar have an interaction on the leaf number parameter at 21 DAP
On Ricci Recurrent Almost Kenmotsu $3$-manifolds
Authors: Lee Ji-eun
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we prove first that for an almost Kenmotsu $3$-manifold satisfying $\xi (tr \, h^2)=0$, its Ricci operator is recurrent if and only if the manifold is locally symmetric. Next, we show that $\varphi$-Ricci symmetry and $\varphi$-Ricci recurrence are equivalent conditions in almost Kenmotsu $3$-manifolds. Thus, an almost Kenmotsu $3$-manifold is $\varphi$-Ricci symmetric if and only if it has dominantly $\eta$-parallel Ricci operator.
An Evaluation Methodology News Headline Classification using Comprehensive Pattern Learning
Authors: - Sivapriya G , - Princy Reshma R , - Deepak S , - C. Shanmuganathan
Published: September 2024

Text classification plays a pivotal role in numerous applications, ranging from spam detection to sentiment analysis. With the exponential growth of textual data stemming from social media interactions and news articles, the demand for accurate text classification methods has surged. This research delves into the evaluation of a novel weighting function designed to adjust the representation of texts during multilabel classification [1]. This innovative approach combines two distinct strategies: problem transformation and model adaptation. By incorporating this weighting function, the classification process undergoes a significant enhancement, ultimately improving the accuracy and efficiency of multilabel classification tasks [1]. To assess the efficacy of the proposed methodology, rigorous testing was conducted across ten referential textual datasets. Comparative analysis was performed against alternative techniques, with a keen focus on three key performance measures. The results obtained from these evaluations provide valuable insights into the effectiveness and robustness of the weighting function, shedding light on its potential to revolutionize text classification paradigms.
Comparison of Copper (II) Sulphate to Hemocue Analyser in the Estimation of Haemoglobin among Voluntary and Replacement Blood Donors at Bugando Medical Centre
Authors: - Mwesige Charles , - Erius Tebuka , - Frank Sabas , - Bakari Kibona
Published: September 2024

Background
Pre-donation haemoglobin (Hb) screening is among the foremost test done on blood donors to determine whether an individual is fit to donate with the intention of preventing inadvertent donation from an anaemic donor. The National Blood Transfusion Service (NBTS) in Tanzania uses the Copper II Sulphate (CuSO4) gravimetric method to estimate haemoglobin (Hb) in blood donors. The accuracy of the copper II sulphate method for the rapid screening of prospective blood donors has been questioned because this rapid screening method may lead to false deferral of truly eligible prospective blood donors. However, this and other point-of-care method may provide false results.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 236 eligible blood donors attending BMC transfusion centre at Mwanza, Tanzania. The blood donors were asked for their consent to participate in this study from 1st May to 1st August 2024. Capillary blood samples were obtained for Hb estimation by CuSO4 and HemoCue methods, and 3mls of venous blood were also collected for Hb quantification by AHA (gold standard). Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the demographic details of the donor. Kappa statistics were used to determine the level of agreement between the two methods of Hb estimation.

Results
The median age of the study participants was 30 years (IQR: 25-36). The proportion of false eligible donors was 5.5%, and false deferral donors were 2.3% using the CuSO4 gravimetric method. The specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values, and Kappa agreement for CuSO4 were 53.8%, 94.7%, 93.8%, 58.3%, and 0.51, respectively. In contrast, the specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values, and Kappa agreement for HemoCue were 63.6%, 97.9%, 96%, 77.7%, and 0.67, respectively.

Conclusion.
The current study revealed that, the performance of the CuSO4 gravimetric method is relatively poor, with a high proportion of false eligible donors than the HemoCue method. These findings warrant further studies to evaluate the quality control measures for CuSO4 gravimetric method and explore alternative point-of-care methods for Hb estimation among blood donors in similar resource limited-settings.
The Status of Manual Scavengers in India: A Legal Perspective Analysis on the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and Rehabilitation Act (Pemsr)
Authors: - S Kalyani , - V Vijay Devanesan , - B Chinna Muthu
Published: September 2024

After several decades of Independence, India is still struggling to extinguish the inhumane practice of manual scavenging completely. Many legislations were enacted to ensure an equitable society, but the scavenging communities are looking for change. Ironically, the Government of India took notice of manual scavenging in 1993, and recently, in 2013, state passed a dedicated legislation prohibiting the inhumane practice of manual scavenging. It is a long-awaited expectation of the manual scavengers and it is now imperative to analyse the status and impact of the implementation. This paper aims to study the status of Manual Scavenging in India to investigate the legal perspectives on implementing the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act 2013.
Efficacy of Homoeopathic Medicine in Treating Gastritis: A Retrospective Case Series Study
Authors: - Abina Augustine , - Dhanusree V A , - P.R.Sisir
Published: September 2024

Background:Gastritis is one of the commonest disease which affects all ages and sex. The prevalence rate also increases with the change in lifestyle.
Aim: To analyse the effectiveness of homoeopathic medicine in treating gastritis.
Methodology: Cases diagnosed to have gastritis visited OPD and IPD of Sarada Krishna Homoeopathic Medical College were considered in the study. Sample size selected was 40. Cases were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pre structured case records of Sarada Krishna Homoeopathic Medical
College were used in the study. Details were collected about age, sex, occupation, medicine selected and potency used. Follow up is added to assess the improvement of the patient.
Result: Out of 44 patients, 23 were females and 17 were males. Majority comes between 48 and 58 years. 10 patients comes between 37 and 47 years,7 between 59 and 69 years. 5 each is seen between 15 to 25 years and 26 to 36 years and 2 patients are there between 70 and 80 years. 9 patients were treated with Lycopodium , 6 patients with Nux vomica, pulsatilla and sulphur has been used in 5 patients.3 patients were treated with silicea and 2 patients with cundurango., the other medicines used were Ignatia, Anacardium, Argentum nitricum,Calcarea Carbonicum, Sepia, Thuja, Arsenicum album, Bryonia, Ferrum
Metallicum, Chelidonium. Most commonly used potencies is 200 by 23 patients.8 patients were treated with LM potency. 7 patients has taken 30 potency.1M potency was used in 2 patients.
Conclusion: Homoeopathy has a better scope in treating such cases as long term use of modern medicine has shown an adverse effect in the health of patients.
Correlation of Brinkman’s Index, CAT Scores, Lung Function in Chonic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: - Susanthy Djajalaksana , - Arinto Yudo Ponco Wardoyo , - Aditya Sri Listyoko , - Rizki Diah Anggraeni , - Silvy Amalia Falyani , - Aisyah Nurul Amalia , - Zata Dini , - Anthony Christanto
Published: September 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of airflow limitation due to persistent and progressive chronic inflammation in airways and lung parenchyma. The prevalence of COPD in Indonesia was 3.7% and ranked 6th in mortality. Spirometry is required for diagnosing and evaluating COPD, but it is not available in all primary healthcare centers. The COPD assessment test (CAT) can be used to assess complaints. This research aims to evaluate the condition of COPD patients and high risk of COPD group in Malang. The study was designed as an observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects were divided into COPD patients and COPD risk groups at primary healthcare in Malang from November 2022 to April 2023. The results were calculated statistically using Mann-Whitney and Spearman rho correlation. The total subjects was 166 divided into 112 men and 54 women. The results showed smokers with COPD had a significant impact on Brinkman's index. The CAT scores of COPD patients were not significantly different. COPD patients had strong correlation with history of exacerbations (p < 0.01). The correlation between COPD and pulmonary function values of FEV1% and FEV1/FVC was not significantly different (p > 0.05). Based on research findings, the CAT Score can be an early evaluation tool for COPD conditions at primary health centers. The CAT Score correlates with the patient’s history of exacerbations. Therefore, the CAT Score can serve as a benchmark for improving the quality of life for COPD patients
Management numérique comme levier du développement des entreprises modernes: Transformation, Compétitivité Digitale, Ethique, et Prise de décision data-driven.
Authors: - YENDE Raphaël Grevisse , - KALOMBO Masimango Monique-Stéphanie , - SANGUPAMBA MWILU Odette , - TSHIELA NKUNA Marie Alice , - KANKOLONGO MALULA Hélène.
Published: September 2024

L'article intitulé « Le Management numérique comme levier du développement des entreprises modernes: Transformation, Compétitivité Digitale, Éthique, et Prise de décision data-driven », explore l'impact croissant du management numérique dans le développement des entreprises modernes. Il met en évidence comment les technologies digitales et les outils numériques révolutionnent la gestion des entreprises, facilitant leur transformation vers des modèles d'affaires plus flexibles et innovants. Le texte examine également la compétitivité digitale, soulignant l'importance pour les entreprises de s'adapter aux nouvelles réalités numériques pour rester concurrentielles sur le marché global. Par ailleurs, l'article aborde les questions éthiques liées à l'utilisation des technologies numériques, en insistant sur la nécessité d'une gestion responsable et d'une prise de décision basée sur des données fiables (data-driven). En conclusion, l'article propose des stratégies pour intégrer efficacement ces technologies tout en respectant les principes éthiques.
A Lightbearers Gospel Perspective
Authors: - Kevin Richard Porter , - Frank Michael Tweheyo , - Chalwe M, Nyasulu , - F.P.L, Collins Ogiki , - Debra Poole , - Hellen Dang , - Patty Hansen , - Reginah Greenleaf , - Maximos Bwalya , - Thelma K. Majela , - Chalwe Adriano
Published: September 2024

Have you ever said to yourself, Is this all there is? You are a faithful, blood bought child of God, faithful to God and your church, and looking forward to Heaven someday. But your heart keeps longing for more of God and in God. Are you that one? Is your heart saying, there must be more in the walk in Christ then just being forgiven, as wonderful as that is, then being a good person and waiting for Heaven. If that is you, then we need to make the journey from the Cross to the Throne!
Reviewing The Latest Treatments for Haemophilia
Authors: - Mrs. Rani.B , - Dr. S.K.Mohanasundari , - Mrs. Rashmi Singh , - Mrs. Neelam Vasishtha , - Mrs. Vandana.N , - Mrs. Nagamani. M
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Advancements in haemophilia treatment have been significant in the first 20 years of the 21st century. However, the progress started with the fractionation of plasma in 1946. The first concentrates were developed after discovering FVIII in frozen plasma cryoprecipitate and FIX in the supernatant in the early 1960s, leading to initial attempts at replacement therapy. Unfortunately, due to the lack of screening methods for viral pathogens, people with haemophilia (PWH) received contaminated concentrates, leading to infections with the hepatitis A virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. Thankfully, by 1985, viral screening methods and virucidal techniques were developed, making concentrates safe. The introduction of chromatography steps with monoclonal antibodies in the production process led to increasingly pure products. However, the problem of immunogenicity of administered concentrates persists. The development of alloantibodies against FVIII in a significant percentage of PWH is a serious adverse effect of replacement therapy. The next major advancement came with cloning the F8 and F9 genes, which allowed the production of factor concentrates using recombinant DNA technology. The injected FVIII and FIX molecules have a relatively short circulating half-life in the plasma of people with haemophilia A and B, approximately 12 and 18 hours, respectively. Methods such as conjugating the factor molecule with fragment crystallizable of IgG1, albumin, or adding polyethylene glycol have been applied to prolong the plasma half-life and extend the interval between injections, especially for risk. The next frontier in haemophilia therapy is the development of durable and potentially curative treatments, such as gene addition therapy. Experiments in haemophilia B have shown promising long-lasting responses. However, the results of gene therapy for haemophilia A have not been as remarkable, and the durability of the treatment is yet to be demonstrated. The long-term safety, predictability, durability, and efficacy of gene therapy for haemophilia A and B remain open questions. Currently, only healthy adult PWH has been enrolled in gene therapy clinical trials, and further studies are needed before gene therapy can be widely applied to children and those with pre-existing antibodies against the delivery vector.