bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Adaptive Approach Based on Resource-Awareness Towards Power-Efficient Real-Time Periodic Task Modeling on Embedded IoT Devices
Authors: Ahmad Shabir , Malik Sehrish , Ullah Israr , Fayaz Muhammad , Park Dong-Hwan , Kim Kwangsoo , Kim DoHyeun
Published: July 2018

Embedded devices are gaining popularity day by day due to the expanded use of Internet of Things applications. However, these embedded devices have limited capabilities concerning power and memory. Thus, the applications need to be tailored in such a way to perform the specified tasks within the constrained resources with the same accuracy. In Real-Time task scheduling, one of the challenging factors is the intelligent modelling of input tasks in such a way that it produces not only logically correct output within the deadline but also consumes minimum CPU power. Algorithms like Rate Monotonic and Earliest Deadline First compute hyper-period of input tasks for periodic repetition of the same set of tasks on CPU. However, at times when the tasks are not adequately modelled, they lead to an enormously high value of hyper-period which result in more CPU cycles and power consumption. Many state-of-the-art solutions are presented in this regard, but the main problem is that they limit tasks from having all possible period values; however, with the vision of Industry 4.0, where most of the tasks will be doing some critical manufacturing activities, it is highly discouraged to prevent them of a certain period. In this paper, we present a resource-aware approach to minimise the hyper-period of input tasks based on device profiles and allows tasks of every possible period value to admit. The proposed work is compared with similar existing techniques, and results indicate significant improvements regarding power consumptions.
The Magnitude of Diurnal/Semidiurnal Atmospheric Tides (S1/S2) and Their Impacts on the Continuous GPS Coordinate Time Series
Authors: Li Zhao , Chen Wu , Jiang Weiping , Deng Liansheng , Yang Ronghua
Published: July 2018

The site displacement due to diurnal and semidiurnal atmospheric tides (S1/S2) is often neglected in the routine precise GPS data processing. We recall the S1/S2 modeling method and show the magnitude of the S1/S2 tides under the Center of Mass (CM) frame. The results show that the annual amplitudes caused by both S1 and S2 tides exceed 1 mm for stations near the equator. The impact of S1/S2 on the 24-h Global Positioning System (GPS) solution is typically at the sub-mm level, and the scatter of the S1/S2 caused displacement difference increases with the decreasing latitude for northern hemisphere stations, among which the maximum Standard Deviation (STD) reaches up to 1.5 mm, 1 mm and 0.7 mm for the Up, East and North components, respectively, at low-latitude stations. We also find that 65% of the stations’ vertical velocity change caused by S1/S2 is larger than 1%, among which the maximum velocity variation rate reaches more than 40% for some coastal/island stations, while stations with the weighted root mean square reduced account for 65%, 39%, and 38% for the up, east, and north components respectively, in particular for most coastal/island stations. Furthermore, the S1/S2 correction could partly reduce the annual and the semi-annual signals of the global stacked vertical component together with the semi-annual amplitude of the east component. The power of some anomalous harmonics of 1.04 cycle per year also decreased a lot. These results further prove the benefits of S1/S2 correction in the precise GPS data processing.
Amplitude-Based Filtering for Video Magnification in Presence of Large Motion
Authors: Wu Xiu , Yang Xuezhi , Jin Jing , Yang Zhao
Published: July 2018

Video magnification reveals important and informative subtle variations in the world. These signals are often combined with large motions which result in significant blurring artifacts and haloes when conventional video magnification approaches are used. To counter these issues, this paper presents an amplitude-based filtering algorithm that can magnify small changes in video in presence of large motions. We seek to understand the amplitude characteristic of small changes and large motions with the goal of extracting accurate signals for visualization. Based on spectrum amplitude filtering, the large motions can be removed while small changes can still be magnified by Eulerian approach. An advantage of this algorithm is that it can handle large motions, whether they are linear or nonlinear. Our experimental results show that the proposed method can amplify subtle variations in the presence of large motion, as well as significantly reduce artifacts. We demonstrate the presented algorithm by comparing to the state-of-the-art and provide subjective and objective evidence for the proposed method.
Introducing Smart Cities: A Transdisciplinary Journal on the Science and Technology of Smart Cities
Authors: Siano Pierluigi , Shahrour Isam , Vergura Silvano
Published: July 2018

The concept of a smart city includes a high degree of information technology integration, but goes beyond the use of ICT for better resource use and less emissions. [...]
Study on the Vertical Linkage of Greenhouse Gas Emission Intensity Change of the Animal Husbandry Sector between China and Its Provinces
Authors: Cai Tianyi , Yang Degang , Zhang Xinhuan , Xia Fuqiang , Wu Rongwei
Published: July 2018

China’s carbon intensity (CI) reduction target in 2030 needs to be allocated to each province in order to be achieved. Thus, it is of great significance to study the vertical linkage of CI change between China and its provinces. The existing research on the vertical linkage focuses more on energy-related economic sectors in China; however, attention has not been paid to China’s animal husbandry (AH) sector, although the role of the China’s AH sector in greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction is increasingly important. This study firstly established a vertical linkage of change in greenhouse gas emission intensity of the animal husbandry sector (AHGI) between China and its 31 provinces based on the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) decomposing method from the perspective of combining emission reduction with economic development, and quantified the contributions of each province and its three driving factors of environmental efficiency (AHEE), productive efficiency (AHPE), and economic share (AHES) to reducing China’s AHGI during the period of 1997–2016. The main results are: (1) The AHGI of China decreased from 5.49 tCO2eq/104 yuan in 1997 to 2.59 tCO2eq/104 in 2016, showing a 75.25% reduction. The AHGI in 31 provinces also declined and played a positive role in promoting the reduction of national AHGI, but there were significant inter-provincial differences in the extent of the contribution. Overall, the provinces with higher emission levels contributed the most to the reduction of China’s AHGI; (2) The AHPE and AHEE factors in 31 provinces cumulatively contributed to the respective 68.17% and 11.78% reduction of China’s AHGI, while the AHES factors of 31 provinces cumulatively inhibited the 4.70% reduction. Overall, the AHPE factor was the main driving factor contributing to the reduction of China’s AHGI. In the future, improving the level of AHEE through GHG emissions reduction technology and narrowing the inter-provincial gap of the level of AHPE are two important paths for promoting the reduction of China’s AHGI.
Corporate Social Responsibility, Ownership Structure, and Firm Value: Evidence from Korea
Authors: Kim Woo Sung , Park Kunsu , Lee Sang Hoon
Published: July 2018

This study examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firm value in the context of ownership structure. Specifically, our study explores whether large shareholder and foreign shareholder ownership play an important role in the CSR–firm value relationship. Using a sample of 48 firms listed on the Korea Stock Exchange (KSE) between 2010 and 2014, we find that CSR is positively associated with firm value. We further find that the relationship between CSR and firm value is weaker in firms with high large shareholder ownership than in firms with low large shareholder ownership. However, we find no evidence of the effect of foreign ownership on the relationship between CSR and firm value. This study sheds light on the importance of ownership structure in the relationship between CSR and firm value, suggesting significant implications for academics, practitioners, and policymakers. We contribute to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the effect of ownership structure on the CSR–firm value relationship. Policymakers may consider these results in implementing their policies that can enhance CSR activities.
The Effect of Trust on Acquisition Success: The Case of Israeli Start-Up M&A
Authors: Trąpczyński Piotr , Zaks Ofer , Polowczyk Jan
Published: July 2018

Given the frequent failure of many M&A deals, the question of their sustainability is a critical one. Still, in existing literature, there is a visible emphasis on the perspective of the acquiring firm and its characteristics in affecting M&A performance. Moreover, the role of trust, both from the acquiring and acquired firms, has not received extensive attention to date. The present paper builds on a quantitative and qualitative study of Israeli high-tech start-ups acquired by international firms to explore the effects of trust on M&A success. Our study indicates that trust from acquired firm managers positively affects acquisition success, although trust from the acquiring firm (expressed with the autonomy that it leaves to the acquired firm) is not a significant predictor of acquisition success.
Combining High Yields and Blast Resistance in Rice (Oryza spp.): A Screening under Upland and Lowland Conditions in Benin
Authors: Yelome Octaviano Igor , Audenaert Kris , Landschoot Sofie , Dansi Alexandre , Vanhove Wouter , Silue Drissa , Damme Patrick Van , Haesaert Geert
Published: July 2018

The future security of the supply of rice for food in Africa depends on improving the level of local production to achieve self-sufficiency. In order to cope with the existing gap between production and actual demand, combining a high level of rice blast tolerance and a high-yield potential is necessary. The current study was conducted under upland and lowland conditions in Benin to gain insight into the performance of selected blast-resistant accessions along with some currently grown varieties. This study revealed a high phenotypic variability among these accessions. Furthermore, differences in the performance of these accessions under lowland and upland conditions were observed. Principal component analysis showed their grouping in three clusters. The analysis also demonstrated a high yield potential among the blast-resistant rice accessions whether they were Oryza sativa or O. glaberrima. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between yield and both spikelet fertility and growth cycle duration. In conclusion, the present study identified promising rice accessions for future breeding. High phenotypic variability in combination with interesting traits can help to develop new resilient varieties. Finally, when the traits correlate with yield, they can be used as markers for an early screening method for identifying promising accessions at an early stage.
Stability Study of Etoricoxib a Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor by a New Single and Rapid Reversed Phase HPLC Method
Authors: Alzweiri Muhammad , Sallam Mariam , Al-Zyoud Walid , Aiedeh Khaled
Published: July 2018

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme responsible for inflammation and pain. Etoricoxib is the most recent selective (COX-2) inhibitor that has a higher COX-2 selectivity than the other COX-2-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which significantly improves its gastric safety profile. The current therapeutic indications of etoricoxib includes the treatment of several painful conditions, such as osteoarthritis, acute gout, ankylosing spondylitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. To the best of found knowledge, no decent method has been reported that can be used for the routine determination of etoricoxib and additives in pharmaceutical suspensions by a single, rapid and cost-effective run of HPLC, using an UV-Vis detector. Earlier reported methods, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), capillary zone electrophoresis, and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), are all tedious and time consuming. A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used as a first reported single run method to achieve developed and validated simultaneous determination for sodium saccharin, vanillin, methyl paraben, etoricoxib, and butyl paraben, in prepared oral suspensions of etoricoxib. Reversed phase column of octadecylsilane (ODS) C18 with isocratic mobile phase containing methanol, and phosphate buffer of pH 6 in a ratio of 70:30 (v/v). Celecoxib is used as an internal standard at a detection wavelength of 215 nm. This method separates the analytes in a total running time less than 13 min. Linearity is obtained in the calibration curve for all analytes with a R2 value of > 0.999. Furthermore, beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) were added, either alone or combined, to prevent the crystal formation, and any unpleasant taste of etoricoxib in oral formulations. After testing both HP-β-CD and β-CD at 3% w/w for each, the results showed that HP-β-CD is more efficient in preventing the crystal formation of etoricoxib in suspensions at room temperature than β-CD is.
Unilateral Botulinum Neurotoxin-A Injection into the Striatum of C57BL/6 Mice Leads to a Different Motor Behavior Compared with Rats
Authors: Antipova Veronica , Wree Andreas , Holzmann Carsten , Mann Teresa , Palomero-Gallagher Nicola , Zilles Karl , Schmitt Oliver , Hawlitschka Alexander
Published: July 2018

Different morphological changes in the caudate-putamen (CPu) of naïve rats and mice were observed after intrastriatal botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNT-A) injection. For this purpose we here studied various motor behaviors in mice (n = 46) longitudinally up to 9 months after intrastriatal BoNT-A administration as previously reported for rats, and compared both outcomes. Apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced rotational behavior, spontaneous motor behavior, as well as lateralized neglect were studied in mice after the injection of single doses of BoNT-A into the right CPu, comparing them with sham-injected animals. Unilateral intrastriatal injection of BoNT-A in mice induced significantly increased contralateral apomorphine-induced rotations for 1 to 3 months, as well as significantly increased contralateral amphetamine-induced rotations 1 to 9 months after injection. In rats (n = 28), unilateral BoNT-A injection also induced significantly increased contralateral apomorphine-induced rotations 3 months after injection, but did not provoke amphetamine-induced rotations at all. Lateralized sensorimotor integration, forelimb preference, and forelimb stepping were significantly impaired on the left side. The differences in motor behaviors between rats and mice may be caused by different BoNT-A effects on cholinergic and catecholaminergic fibers in rat and mouse striata, interspecies differences in striatal receptor densities, and different connectomes of the basal ganglia.
Biomarker Evaluation and Toxic Effects of an Acute Oral and Systemic Fumonisin Exposure of Pigs with a Special Focus on Dietary Fumonisin Esterase Supplementation
Authors: Schertz Hanna , Dänicke Sven , Frahm Jana , Schatzmayr Dian , Dohnal Ilse , Bichl Gerlinde , Schwartz-Zimmermann Heidi E. , Colicchia Sonia , Breves Gerhard , Teifke Jens P. , Kluess Jeannette
Published: July 2018

The mycotoxin fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a frequent contaminant of feed. It causes a disruption of sphingolipid metabolism and pulmonary, hepatic, and immunological lesions in pigs depending on the exposure scenario. One sensitive biomarker for FB1 exposure is the sphinganine (Sa) to sphingosine (So) ratio in blood. The fumonisin esterase FumD, which can be used as a feed additive, converts FB1 into the much less toxic metabolite hydrolyzed FB1 (HFB1). We conducted a single-dose study with barrows allocated to one of five treatments: (1) control (feed, 0.9% NaCl intravenously iv), (2) 139 nmol FB1 or (3) HFB1/kg BW iv, (4) 3425 nmol FB1/kg BW orally (po), or (5) 3321 nmol FB1/kg BW and 240 U FumD/kg feed po. The Sa/So ratio of iv and po FB1 administered groups was significantly elevated in blood and Liquor cerebrospinalis, but no fumonisin-associated differences were reflected in other endpoints. Neither clinical lung affections nor histopathological pulmonary lesions were detected in either group, while some parameters of hematology and clinical biochemistry showed a treatment–time interaction. FumD application resulted in Sa/So ratios comparable to the control, indicating that the enzymatic treatment was effectively preventing the fumonisin-induced disruption of sphingolipid metabolism.
A Perspective on Rabies in the Middle East—Beyond Neglect
Authors: Bannazadeh Baghi Hossein , Alinezhad Farbod , Kuzmin Ivan , Rupprecht Charles
Published: July 2018

Rabies is a neglected but preventable viral zoonosis that poses a substantial threat to public health. In this regard, a global program has been initiated for the elimination of human rabies caused by rabid dogs through the mass vaccination of canine populations. Geographic areas vary greatly towards attainment of this objective. For example, while dog-mediated and wildlife rabies have been largely controlled in major parts of the Americas and Western Europe, the Middle East still grapples with human rabies transmitted by unvaccinated dogs and cats. Rabies prevention and control in the Middle East is quite difficult because the region is transcontinental, encompassing portions of Africa, Asia, and Europe, while consisting of politically, culturally, and economically diverse countries that are often subject to war and unrest. Consequently, one over-riding dilemma is the misinformation or complete lack of rabies surveillance data from this area. This communication is an attempt to provide an overview of rabies in the Middle East, as a cohesive approach for the honing of disease management in each area, based on data compiled from multiple sources. In addition, the related regional transboundary movement of rabies was investigated through phylogenetic studies of available viral gene sequences. Thereafter, the epidemiological status of rabies was assessed for the region. Finally, localities were classified first by the Stepwise Approach towards Rabies Elimination framework and then categorized into four different groups based on management theme: “rabies free”; owned dog and domestic animal vaccination; community dog vaccination; and wildlife vaccination. The classification system proposed herein may serve as a baseline for future efforts. This is especially important due to the severe lack of rabies information available for the Middle East as a whole and a need for a comprehensive program focusing on the entirety of the region in light of renewed international commitment towards canine rabies elimination.
Characterization of Karst Conduit Network Using Long-Distance Tracer Test in Lijiang, Southwestern China
Authors: Qi Jihong , Xu Mo , Cen Xinyu , Wang Lu , Zhang Qiang
Published: July 2018

The Ancient City in Lijiang of southwestern China was endowed as World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO, and the karst springs located in Black Dragon Pool are its main water source. However, the springs have dried up several times in recent years, which caused serious damages to the landscape as well as the city water supply. Triggered by the dried-up event in Black Dragon Pool, a long-distance artificial tracer test up to 17 km was employed to investigate the karst conduit network distributing in the study area. Based on the tracer concentration breakthrough curves (BTCs), the hydraulic connection from the same injection point (located in a giant depression named the Jiuzi Sea) to the springs on both sides of the topography watershed was proven, and the conduit structure was discussed. According to the characteristics of BTCs and considering the low tracer concentration and tracer recovery, a conceptual structure of leaky reservoir with threshold effect above a certain groundwater level was established to interpret why the springs in Black Dragon Pool dried up several times in history, but those in the Ancient City never did. Furthermore, a method of injecting surface water into the Jiuzi Sea to raise the groundwater level up to the height of Black Dragon Pool was proposed to restore the springs. Our study provides insights into the long-distance artificial tracer test, and opens a new avenue for groundwater resource recovery of this Ancient City.
The Development of a 1-D Integrated Hydro-Mechanical Model Based on Flume Tests to Unravel Different Hydrological Triggering Processes of Debris Flows
Authors: Van Asch Theo W. J. , Yu Bin , Hu Wei
Published: July 2018

Many studies which try to analyze conditions for debris flow development ignore the type of initiation. Therefore, this paper deals with the following questions: What type of hydro-mechanical triggering mechanisms for debris flows can we distinguish in upstream channels of debris flow prone gullies? Which are the main parameters controlling the type and temporal sequence of these triggering processes, and what is their influence on the meteorological thresholds for debris flow initiation? A series of laboratory experiments were carried out in a flume 8 m long and with a width of 0.3 m to detect the conditions for different types of triggering mechanisms. The flume experiments show a sequence of hydrological processes triggering debris flows, namely erosion and transport by intensive overland flow and by infiltrating water causing failure of channel bed material. On the basis of these experiments, an integrated hydro-mechanical model was developed, which describes Hortonian and saturation overland flow, maximum sediment transport, through flow and failure of bed material. The model was calibrated and validated using process indicator values measured during the experiments in the flume. Virtual model simulations carried out in a schematic hypothetical source area of a catchment show that slope angle and hydraulic conductivity of the bed material determine the type and sequence of these triggering processes. It was also clearly demonstrated that the type of hydrological triggering process and the influencing geometrical and hydro-mechanical parameters may have a great influence on rainfall intensity-duration threshold curves for the start of debris flows.
Health Information Systems – from Present to Future?
Authors: Haux Reinhold
Published: July 2018

This article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on the German Medical Informatics Initiative. Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research with about 150 million Euro in its currently starting development and networking phase this initiative has already a significant impact on the development of health information systems in Germany. In this Focus Theme two editorials introduce this initiative, one from the viewpoint of its funding institution and one from the initiative’s accompanying institutions. Then the initiative’s four consortia DIFUTURE (Data Integration for Future Medicine), HiGHmed (Heidelberg-Göttingen-Hannover Medical Informatics), MIRACUM (Medical Informatics in Research and Care in University Medicine), and SMITH (Smart Medical Information Technology for Healthcare) present their concepts and plans. For better readability their manuscripts all contain three major sections on governance and policies, on architectural framework and methodology, and on use cases. As the German Medical Informatics Initiative is a large national experiment, we are convinced that communicating on this initiative already at this early stage to an international audience is of importance.
Irreversible Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor with Afatinib in Egfr Activating Mutation–Positive Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Abdallah S. Morin–Ben , Hirsh V.
Published: July 2018

Despite recent advances in the systemic therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the prognosis for stage IV disease remains poor. The discovery of targetable mutations has led to new treatment options. The most common mutations, the EGFR activating mutations, are present in about 50% of Asian patients and up to 15% of white patients. First-generation reversible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIS) have led to improved survival in patients positive for EGFR activating mutations, but resistance eventually leads to disease progression. The irreversible EGFR TKI afatinib was developed to counter such resistance. The clinical efficacy of afatinib has been shown in first-line studies comparing it with both cytotoxic chemotherapy and first-generation EGFR TKIS. Afatinib has also shown continued benefit beyond progression while a patient is taking an EGFR inhibitor. Furthermore, its toxicity profile is both predictable and manageable. The results of the principal clinical trials assessing afatinib are reviewed here.
Current Landscape of Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Pabani A. , Butts C.A.
Published: July 2018

For patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lacking a targetable molecular driver, the mainstay of treatment has been cytotoxic chemotherapy. The survival benefit of chemotherapy in this setting is modest and comes with the potential for significant toxicity. The introduction of immunotherapeutic agents targeting the programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) and the programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has drastically changed the treatment paradigms for these patients. Three agents—atezolizumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab—have been shown to be superior to chemotherapy in the second-line setting. For patients with tumours strongly expressing PD-L1, pembrolizumab has been associated with improved outcomes in the first-line setting. Demonstration of the significant benefits of immunotherapy in NSCLC has focused attention on new questions. Combination checkpoint regimens, with acceptable toxicity and potentially enhanced efficacy, have been developed, as have combinations of immunotherapy with chemotherapy. In this review, we focus on the published trials that have changed the treatment landscape in advanced NSCLC and on the ongoing clinical trials that offer hope to further improve outcomes for patients with advanced NSCLC.
Algorithm for the Treatment of Advanced or Metastatic Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: An Evidence-Based Overview
Authors: Daaboul N. , Nicholas G. , Laurie S.A.
Published: July 2018

The treatment of squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is evolving. In the past, the backbone of treatment was chemotherapy, with very few other options available. Fortunately, that situation is changing, especially with a better understanding of tumour biology. Various strategies have been tried to improve patient outcomes. The most notable advance must be immunotherapy, which has revolutionized the treatment paradigm for lung cancer in patients without a driver mutation. Immunotherapy is now the treatment of choice in patients who have progressed after chemotherapy and is replacing chemotherapy as upfront therapy in a selected population. Other strategies have also been tried, such as the addition of targeted therapy to chemotherapy. Targeted agents include ramucirumab, an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, and necitumumab, a monoclonal antibody against epithelial growth factor receptor. Recently, advances in molecular profiling have also been applied to tumours of squamous histology, in which multiple genetic alterations, including mutations and amplifications, have been described. Research is actively seeking targetable mutations and testing various therapies in the hopes of further improving prognosis for patients with squamous NSCLC. Here, we review the various advances in the treatment of squamous nsclc and present a proposed treatment algorithm based on current evidence.
What Do Primary Care Providers Think About Implementing Breast Cancer Survivorship Care?
Authors: Luctkar-Flude M. , Aiken A. , McColl M.A. , Tranmer J.
Published: July 2018

Purpose: As cancer centres move forward with earlier discharge of stable survivors of early-stage breast cancer (BCA) to primary care follow-up, it is important to address known knowledge and practice gaps among primary care providers (PCPS). In the present qualitative descriptive study, we examined the practice context that influences implementation of existing clinical practice guidelines for providing such care. The purpose was to determine the challenges, strengths, and opportunities related to implementing comprehensive evidence-based BCA survivorship care guidelines by PCPS in southeastern Ontario. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 PCPS: 10 physicians and 9 nurse practitioners. Results: Thematic analysis revealed 6 themes within the broad categories of knowledge, attitudes, and resources. Participants highlighted 3 major challenges related to providing BCA survivorship care: inconsistent educational preparation, provider anxieties, and primary care burden. They also described 3 major strengths or opportunities to facilitate implementation of survivorship care guidelines: tools and technology, empowering survivors, and optimizing nursing roles. Conclusions: We identified several important challenges to implementation of comprehensive evidence-based survivorship care for bca survivors, as well as several strengths and opportunities that could be built upon to address those challenges. Findings from our research could inform targeted knowledge translation interventions to provide support and education for PCPS and bca survivors.
Advances in the Systemic Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Lebert J.M. , Lester R. , Powell E. , Seal M. , McCarthy J.
Published: July 2018

Triple-negative breast cancer constitutes a heterogeneous group of malignancies that are often aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. Molecular characterization, while not a standard of care, can further subtype triple-negative breast cancer and provide insight into prognostication and behaviour. Optimal chemotherapy regimens have yet to be established; however, there have been advances in the systemic treatment of triple-negative breast cancer in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and metastatic settings. In this review, we discuss evidence for the potential benefit of neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy, adjuvant combination chemotherapy with weekly paclitaxel, and BRCA mutation–directed therapy in the metastatic setting. The role for adjuvant capecitabine in patients who do not achieve a pathologic complete response with neoadjuvant chemotherapy is reviewed. Future directions and data concerning novel targeted agents are reviewed, including the most recent data on parp [poly (ADP-RIBOSE) polymerase] inhibitors, antiandrogen agents, and immunotherapy.
Progress in Breast Cancer—Can We Do Better?
Authors: Dent S.F.
Published: July 2018

Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy diagnosed in women in North America. [...]
Proffered Papers and Posters Presented at the Seventh International Symposium on Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer—BrcA: From the Personal to the Population
Authors: Lincoln Stephen , Klee Eric , Fellowes Andrew , Chowdhury Shimul , Mahamdallie Shazia , Zook Justin , Truty Rebecca , Garlick Russell , Salit Marc , Rahman Nazneen , Aradhya Swaroop , Kingsmore Stephen , Nussbaum Robert , Ferber Matthew , Shirts Brian
Published: July 2018

The comprehensive assessment of inherited mutations in cancer susceptibility genes helps to optimize clinical decision-making [...]
Recent advances in hypervalent iodine(III)-catalyzed functionalization of alkenes
Authors: Li Xiang , Chen Pinhong , Liu Guosheng
Published: July 2018

Hypervalent iodine(III) reagents have been well-developed and widely utilized in functionalization of alkenes, however, generally either stoichiometric amounts of iodine(III) reagents are required or stoichiometric oxidants such as mCPBA are employed to in situ generate iodine(III) species. In this review, recent developments of hypervalent iodine(III)-catalyzed functionalization of alkenes and asymmetric reactions using a chiral iodoarene are summarized.
FORMATION AND ARCHITECTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE LITHUANIAN MANOR (YARD) / LIETUVOS DVARO (KIEMO) FORMAVIMASIS IR ARCHITEKTŪRINĖ RAIDA
Authors: Kačinskaitė Indrė
Published: July 2018

The article describes architectural development of the Lithuanian manor from the outset until the 20th century. For over 500 years, the manor had remained a foundational axis of the state structure, around which the political, social, economic and cultural life of the country was concentrated. Up to the 15th century, the ruler’s manors (yards) were the core of the statehood in Lithuania. In the 15th – 16th centuries, the ruler’s manor developed into the main political public institutions with permanent residences being established. Afterwards, when the impact of the ruler’s manor diminished, manor homesteads of local noblemen became the focal points of the Western European stylistic architecture in Lithuania. Through noblemen’s manors novelties reached homesteads of the lower strata of nobility, who was greatly influenced by local tradition. Remaining diversity of cultural landscape, architectural expression, urban relationship ‘manor homestead – town’ nowadays are the relics of the old manor, which developed over the centuries and to this day reflects the Lithuanian architecture and its history.

Santrauka

Straipsnyje atskleidžiama Lietuvos dvaro architektūrinė raida nuo jo ištakų iki XX a. pr. Dvaras daugiau kaip 500 m. išliko pamatinė valstybės struktūros ašis, aplink kurią koncentravosi šalies politinis, socialinis, ekonominis ir kultūrinis gyvenimas. Iki XV a. Lietuvos valstybės struktūros pagrindą sudarė valdovo dvarai (kiemai). XV–XVI a. iš valdovo dvaro išaugo pagrindinės krašto politinės institucijos, kūrėsi pastovios rezidencijos. Vėliau, susilpnėjus valdovo dvaro įtakai, vietos didikų dvarų sodybos tapo vienais iš pagrindinių Vakarų Europos stilistinės architektūros židinių Lietuvoje. Per didikų dvarus architektūros naujovės pasiekdavo žemesnių bajorijos sluoksnių sodybas, kurioms didelę įtaką darė ir vietos tradicija. Išlikusi kultūrinio kraštovaizdžio įvairovė, architektūrinė raiška, urbanistiniai ryšiai „dvaro sodyba – miestas“ yra šimtmečiais formavęsi, Lietuvos architektūros raidą, jos istoriją atspindintys senojo dvaro reliktai.
ARCHITECTURE OF THE FIRST RAILWAY IN THE INTERWAR LITHUANIA / PIRMOSIOS GELEŽINKELIO TRASOS TARPUKARIO LIETUVOJE ARCHITEKTŪRA
Authors: Dabašinskienė Iveta
Published: July 2018

This article analyses the examples of passenger stations and railway workers living houses of the first wide railroad Kretinga – Telšiai – Kužiai in the independent Lithua­nia (1918 – 1940). It also discusses the importance of the railroad to Samogitia region, Klaipėda region and the whole Lithuania. The clarified material is based on archival sources and documentary publications from the interwar period. In a review of projects of railway passenger stations and railway workers living houses have been seen their standardization wich started in tsarist period. Also these buildings emphasizes the unified image.

Santrauka

Straipsnyje nagrinėjami pirmosios nepriklausomos Lietuvos laikotarpiu (1918–1940 m.) tiestos plačiojo geležinkelio trasos Kretinga–Telšiai–Kužiai keleivių stočių ir geležinkelininkų gyvenamųjų namų architektūros pavyzdžiai. Taip pat aptariama šios trasos reikšmė Žemaitijos, Klaipėdos krašto regionams bei visai Lietuvai. Nustatyti ir straipsnyje pateikti duomenys paremti archyviniais šaltiniais ir dokumentinėmis tarpukario publikacijomis. Apžvelgus keleivių stočių ir geležinkelininkų gyvenamųjų namų projektus, pastebima jų standartizacija, prasidėjusi dar carizmo laikotarpiu. Visos geležinkelio trasos pastatų architektūroje pabrėžiamas vientisas įvaizdis.
An annotated catalogue of the types of bush-crickets and crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera) housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH)
Authors: Dey Lara-Sophie , Husemann Martin
Published: July 2018

Types represent the ultimate taxonomic information of a species and hence represent the most important specimens in museums. The entomological collections of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (now part of the Centrum für Naturkunde) hold several thousand primary types of insects. However, despite their importance currently no type database exists and catalogues have not been updated since almost 50 years and are only available in German. Following the publication of our catalogue of Caelifera types, we here present an updated catalogue for the Ensifera types held in the collection in English language. 74 species are represented as types with 105 specimens; of these 44 are name-bearing types: 36 holotypes, 3 lectotypes, 4 syntypes and 1 neotype. The remaining specimens are para- (55), paralecto- (4), allo- (1) and neoallotypes (1). Most of the species were described by Max Beier (18), Tevfik Karabak (13), Josef Redtenbacher (13) and the former curator of the collection Herbert Weidner (10). In his catalogues in 1966 and 1977 Weidner recorded types of 73 species present in the collection and an additional 65 as potentially lost in the war; 71 of the types recorded by Weidner were still present, whereas two could not be found (Xiphidiumgeniculare Redtenbacher, 1891; Xiphidiumlongipes Redtenbacher, 1891); one species recorded as lost by Weidner was found (Lezinaacuminata Ander, 1938) and one species (neoallotype of Paradecolyainexspectata Chopard, 1957) and one additional type individual (paratype of Choeroparnopsforcipatus Beier, 1949) are newly reported for the collection.
Cryptic species diversity in polypores: the Skeletocutis nivea species complex
Authors: Korhonen Aku , Seelan Jaya Seelan Sathiya , Miettinen Otto
Published: July 2018

We propose a taxonomic revision of the two closely related white-rot polypore species,Skeletocutisnivea(Jungh.) Jean Keller andS.ochroalbaNiemelä (Incrustoporiaceae, Basidiomycota), based on phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and translation elongation factor EF-1α sequences. We show that prevailing morphological species concepts ofS.niveaandS.ochroalbaare non-monophyletic and we delineate new species boundaries based on phylogenetic inference. We recognise eleven species within the prevailing species concept ofS.nivea(S.calidasp. nov.,S.coprosmaecomb. nov.,S.futilissp. nov.,S.imperviasp. nov.,S.ipuletiisp. nov.,S.lepidasp. nov.,S.nemoralissp. nov.,S.niveasensu typi,S.semipileatacomb. nov.,S.unguinasp. nov.andS.yuchengiisp. nov.) and assign new sequenced epitypes forS.niveaandS.semipileata.The traditional concept ofS.ochroalbacomprises two independent lineages embedded within theS.niveaspecies complex. The Eurasian conifer-dwelling speciesS.cummatasp. nov.is recognised as separate from the North AmericanS.ochroalbasensu stricto. Despite comprehensive microscopic examination, the majority of the recognised species are left without stable diagnostic character combinations that would enable species identification based solely on morphology and ecology.
New species in Dictyosporium, new combinations in Dictyocheirospora and an updated backbone tree for Dictyosporiaceae
Authors: Yang Jing , Liu Jian-Kui , Hyde Kevin D. , Jones E.B. Gareth , Liu Zuo-Yi
Published: July 2018

A survey of freshwater fungi on submerged wood in China and Thailand resulted in the collection of three species in Dictyocheirospora and four species in Dictyosporium including two new species in the latter genus. Morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses based on ITS, LSU and TEF1α sequence data support their placement in Dictyocheirospora and Dictyosporium (Dothideomycetes). An updated backbone tree is provided for the family Dothideomycetes. Descriptions and illustrations of the new taxa and re-collections are provided. Four new combinations are proposed for Dictyocheirospora.
La démocratie, au cœur de l’identité européenne ?
Authors: Husson-Rochcongar Céline
Published: July 2018

Qu’il s’agisse d’élections ou de protection des droits fondamentaux, mais aussi de réforme institutionnelle, de gestion budgétaire, de questions numériques ou environnementales, la démocratie est au cœur de l’Europe – ou, tout au moins, au cœur des discours sur l’Europe. Elle y occupe cependant une position ambiguë. Présente sous la plume des « Pères fondateurs », et figurant à ce titre dans les préambules des instruments conventionnels depuis la création de chacun des deux systèmes juridiques, elle se voit de plus en plus fréquemment réaffirmée comme essentielle au projet européen et la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme n’hésite pas à la présenter comme « unique modèle politique envisagé par la Convention et, partant, le seul qui soit compatible avec elle » ( Parti Communiste Unifié de Turquie , 1998). Pourtant, parallèlement, les reproches se multiplient à l’encontre d’institutions accusées de n’être pas elles-mêmes suffisamment démocratiques pour porter légitimement une telle ambition, voire pour empêcher le développement de mouvements jugés anti-démocratiques. Ce paradoxe n’est toutefois qu’apparent car l’identité européenne réside justement dans une volonté de faire rayonner une certaine conception de la démocratie. Ainsi, le décalage observé entre cet intérêt essentiel porté à la démocratie et un ensemble de problèmes fréquemment analysés comme autant d’éléments d’une « crise » de la démocratie européenne révèle surtout les difficultés contemporaines auxquelles se trouve confrontée une Europe qui se conçoit avant tout comme un modèle politique reposant sur le droit. En interrogeant à la fois l’existence d’une « identité européenne » et le rapport de cette identité à la démocratie, il faut alors distinguer le discours sur la démocratie de sa mise en œuvre concrète : la valorisation de la démocratie fournit à l’Europe un moyen d’affirmer son identité en cherchant à faire rayonner son modèle politique et, en retour, le respect des exigences démocratiques constitue la condition essentielle de préservation de cette identité.
L’État illibéral dans l’Union européenne, essai de conceptualisation
Authors: Macovei Oana Andreea
Published: July 2018

Peut-on aller au-delà du discours politique et esquisser les contours juridiques de l’« État illibéral » dans l’Union européenne ? La multiplication des mesures attentatoires aux valeurs européennes dans différents États membres de l’Union indique une érosion de l’intérieur de la démocratie libérale. La consolidation de l’illibéralisme peut ainsi entraîner une véritable mutation de l’État et soulève des questionnements tant sur son intégration dans le constitutionnalisme européen, qu’au regard de son appartenance à l’Union.
La négociation écologique dans l’émergence du droit global
Authors: Borderon-Carrez Séverine
Published: July 2018

Alors que le droit se globalise, le monopole de l’État en tant que gardien de l’intérêt général se voit concurrencé par la perception anglo-saxonne de l’intérêt général fondée sur l’agglomération des intérêts particuliers. Cette définition, dite utilitariste, semble parfaitement adaptée aux besoins du marché et semble, par conséquent, pouvoir aboutir à un développement sans limites des besoins de l’humanité. Pour autant, le droit global, fondé sur la négociation entre acteurs, n’est pas dénué de limites. En effet, il semble que les limites de la planète et le changement climatique posent un cadre à ces négociations, et soumettent finalement les États comme les entreprises à respecter un équilibre homme-nature. C’est dans ce contexte de bouleversement global du droit et des puissances étatiques et économiques qu’émerge, selon nous, la négociation écologique, en tant que cadre applicable au droit global. Une évolution du rôle du juge national, accompagnée d’une évolution de la conscience écologique globale pousse à accompagner les États à mettre en place et respecter une justice sociale, écologique et intergénérationnelle. La jurisprudence internationale récente ne manque alors pas de confirmer cette nouvelle appréhension du rôle des États et des grands acteurs économiques.
La loi du pays de Nouvelle-Calédonie, une catégorie juridique très encadrée
Authors: Marliac Claire
Published: July 2018

La spécificité attachée à la Nouvelle-Calédonie a permis la reconnaissance de cette catégorie juridique que sont les lois du pays. Ces dernières sont accompagnées, dans leur processus d’élaboration puis de contrôle, par les juges administratif et constitutionnel. Quels rapports entretient le législateur calédonien avec les juges ? Comment les juges appréhendent-ils le particularisme calédonien ? Nous nous interrogerons sur les liens tissés entre le législateur calédonien et les juges compétents, l’analyse proposée du particularisme calédonien ou encore les constats issus des comparaisons avec la loi nationale. Prenant appui sur les avis et décisions rendus par les juges, nous montrerons que la loi du pays reste très encadrée.
Predictors of Outcome During Eplerenone Therapy in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy:A Prospective, Open-Label Pilot Clinical Study
Authors: Rajesh Bindu , Agrawal Hitesh , Peguda Hari Kumar , Chhablani Jay
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To assess the treatment response and predictive factors following eplerenone treatment in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A prospective, nonrandomized study involving fixed-dose eplerenone was conducted in 22 eyes of 11 consecutive patients with bilateral chronic CSCR. The changes in subretinal fluid (SRF), central macular thickness (CMT), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were analyzed.

RESULTS:

A significant reduction in SRF was observed in 13 of 16 eyes with baseline SRF (81.25%) at 3 months (
P
< .04), with complete resolution in six eyes (37.5%) at 3 months and in 10 eyes (62.5%) at 6 months (
P
< .006). Baseline BCVA was a significant predictor of final BCVA (
P
< .001), whereas 3-month SRF height was a weak but significant predictor of the 6-month height (r
2
= 0.53;
P
= .002).

CONCLUSION:

When treated with eplerenone, chronic CSCR shows a significant reduction in SRF, with baseline BCVA and 3-month SRF height being important predictive factors.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:479–486.]
Bilateral Macular Choroidal Infarction as a Manifestation of Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Ness Steven D. , Butler Nicholas J. , Poulaki Vasiliki
Published: July 2018

The authors present an unusual case of bilateral macular choroidal infarction as a manifestation of giant cell arteritis (GCA). Due to sequential bilateral presentation, multimodal imaging with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography allows for simultaneous evaluation of progressive stages of outer retinal damage caused by choroidal hypoperfusion seen on fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography. This case report demonstrates that GCA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of placoid maculopathies.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:540–543.]