bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMASI CRUDE OIL BLENDING SEBAGAI FEEDSTOCK PADA KILANG PENGOLAHAN MINYAK
Authors: Murtafi'in Ahmad , Furqon Zami
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai optimasi pencampuran minyak mentah sebagai bahan baku utama untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kilang pengolahan pada sebuah perusahaan minyak. Variabel-variabel yang diperhitungkan dalam perhitungan antara lain jenis minyak mentah yang digunakan, kandungan sulfur maksimum yang dapat diterima kilang, kandungan Specific Gravity yang harus dan dapat diterima kilang, bilangan asam total yang dapat diterima kilang, kandungan sedimen dan air yang dapat diterima kilang, kandungan garam yang dapat diterima kilang, tekanan uap yang dapat diterima kilang, kandungan merkuri yang dapat diterima kilang dan titik tuang yang dapat diterima kilang serta total biaya bulanan dalam pengalokasian. Total biaya disini adalah total biaya pembelian minyak mintah. Model perhitungan yang dibuat dengan menggunakan metode programa linear dan dihitung dengan perangkat lunak Excel-Solver. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan biaya total pengadaan alokasi minyak mentah untuk permintaan kilang adalah sebesar 70.066,428 USD per bulan dengan alokasi minyak mentah sebanyak 657.221 barel.
ANALISIS RESPON TRANSIENT PADA PRESSURE CONTROL SYSTEM GAS SCRUBBER DENGAN METODE DIRECT SYNTHESIS
Authors: Gomez Muhammad Maura , Hamdani Chalidia Nurin , Dewi Astrie Kusuma
Published: February 2023

Gas Scrubber merupakan suatu alat yang berfungsi untuk memisahkan kandungan fraksi gas dari liquid dan kotoran di dalam alur proses kompresi gas. Kontrol pressure pada gas scrubber diperlukan agar hal yang tidak diinginkan seperti kelebihan tekanan di dalam vessel gas scrubber tidak terjadi selama proses berlangsung. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengontrol pressure yaitu menggunakan PID control system dimana dalam sistem ini menggunakan tiga parameter utama yang perlu diatur agar didapatkan performansi sistem hasil yang diinginkan. Salah satu metode perancangan PID controller adalah Direct Synthesis. Metode ini hanya memerlukan model plant sebenarnya dan model plant yang diinginkan. Pressure control system di gas scrubber memiliki komponen berupa transmitter, control valve, dan control. Pada pengujian stabilitas sistem pengendalian pressure gas scrubber V-95-202 dengan kontrol aktual menggunakan metode Nyquist Stability  dan dapat dinyatakan bahwa sistem stabil. metode direct synthesis memiliki performa respon yang lebih baik dari kontroler aktual, karena memiliki rise time dengan kondisi operasi lebih singkat daripada PID aktual dilapangan yaitu 20.736 detik, settling time yang lebih cepat dengan waktu sebesar 179.484 detik, namun dalam model PID rancangan memiliki sedikit overshoot sebesar 0.5 persen.
OPTIMASI KAPASITAS POMPA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI PENYALURAN DI PT PERTAMINA IT WAYAME
Authors: LIMBER LEONARDO GONSALES , DHARMAWAN ADITYA
Published: February 2023

Seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah penggunaan BBM di Indonesia, TBBM atau Terminal Bahan Bakar Minyak menjadi salah satu prasarana dalam memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen di daerahnya masing-masing. Pada TBBM proses penyaluran BBM juga diperlukan beberapa fasilitas untuk memenuhi serta menunjang proses-proses pendistribusian untuk mobil tangka maupun kapal. Dalam hal ini, pada proses pendistribusian fluida cair, pompa merupakan alat yang berperan penting dalam proses pendistribusian. Hal ini dikarenakan fungsi pompa secara umum yaitu memindahkan atau mentranferkan suatu fluida satu 1 titik atau tempat ke titik lainnya. PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga Subholding C&T Integrated Terminal Wayame merupakan salah satu TBBM terbesar yang ada di Provinsi Maluku. TBBM ini juga bertugas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan BBM untuk daerah Maluku, Maluku Utara hingga Papua. Pertalite merupakan salah 1 produk BBM. Salah satu proses pendistribusian pertalite di PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga Subholding C&T Integrated Terminal Wayame adalah dari tangki 2 ke dermaga II untuk proses back loading dengan menggunakan pompa P-2C yang merupakan jenis centrifugal pump. Salah satu parameter unjuk kerja dari pompa sendiri adalah efisiensi nya. Salah satu variabel yang mempengaruhi efisiensi pompa adalah kapasitas dari aliran fluida tersebut, sehingga pada kesempatan kali ini penulis mencoba mengoptimalkan proses waktu pengaliran dari 24 jam 45 menit ke 09 jam 54 menit untuk proses back loading dengan meningkatkan efisiensi pompa semaksimal yaitu dari 58 persen ke 69 persen.
OPTIMASI BLENDING REFORMATE DAN NAFTHA UNTUK MENDAPATKAN PRODUK PERTALITE DI PT X
Authors: Orno Antonia
Published: February 2023

Pertalite merupakan salah satu produk bahan bakar minyak jenis RON 90 yang dihasilkan oleh PT. X. Dengan semakin besarnya kebutuhan pertalite dalam negeri, sehingga dituntut pula untuk meningkatkan produksinya agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Oleh karena itu kilang PT. X sangat diperlukan untuk dapat melaksankan proses blending pertalite yang efektif, efisien dan ekonomis. Melihat kebutuhan Pertalite yang cukup besar, oleh sebab itu PT. X berupaya untuk meningkatkan produksi Pertalite dengan cara melakukan pencampuran (blending) dua komponen yaitu Naphta,dan Reformate. Dalam proses perhitungan parameter yang digunakan adalah Octane Number dan RVP untuk mendapatkan komposisi komponen blending yang optimum dan menghasilkan produk Pertalite yang memenuhi spesifikasi serta memperoleh keuntungan yang tinggi. Metode blending yang di pakai adalah batch blending (percampuran dalam tangki ) pada proses ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil blending yang optimum sehinggah berdasarkan perhitungan telah mendapatkan hasil yang optimum hal yang berpengaruh yaitu komponen dari produk blendingnya. Perhitungan yang tepat sangat berpengaruh pada komposisi tiap komponen blending. Produk yang telah di blending harus memenuhi spesifikasi yang telah ditetapkan oleh Dirjen Migas. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan akan dilakukan optimasi dari komposisi tiap komponen blending tersebut agar mendapatkan keuntungan bagi perusahaan. Dari proses optimasi yang dilakukan didapatkan kondisi blending yang paling optimum dengan komposisi masing-masing komponen blending adalah  reformate 16 persen volume, Naptha 84 persen volume. Dengan komposisi blending tersebut perusahaan akan mengeluarkan biaya produksi sebesar 31US$/Bbl sedangkan harga jual pertalite 90 di pasaran 67,2 US$/ Bbl , dari biaya produksi yang didapatkan melalui perhitungan sebesar 31,23 US$/Bbl dengan keuntungan yang diperoleh dari harga jual pertalite 90 sebesar 35,97 US$/Bbl.
OPTIMASI PENGUNAAN DOSIS CMA 2O2
Authors: Selfara Windayani
Published: February 2023

Pada proses pencampuran koagulan dengan air ini di lakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air. Dalam proses ini biasanya akan menghabiskan biaya yang ada pada instalasi pengolahan air (IPA) di PDAM Tirta Moedal Kota Semarang. Dalam penambahan Dosis Koagulan ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan dosis yang tepat pada injector pompa dosing bedasarkan nilai kekeruhan air awal pada air. Penambahan dosis koagulan secara berlebihan akan meningkatkan biaya pengunaan bahan kimia atau koagulan CMA (Alumunium) yang dipakai yang dapat menyebabkan pembebanan pada biaya di PDAM. Pada penentuan dosis ini dilakukan dengan metode jar tes dengan bahan koagulan yang dipakai adalah CMA (Alumunium) yang digunakan sebagai dasar untuk penentuan dosis paling optimal pada injector pompa dosing Berdasarkan hasil pengujian didapatkan dosis optimum sebagai berikut: Dosis optimal yang di dapat untuk memaksimalkan kinerja pada injector pompa dosing di PDAM Tirta Moedal Kota Semarang sebesar 50 ppm dengan hasil kekeruhan yang diuji dengan turbidimeter sebesar 3,21 NTU. Dari pengujian ini dapat di hitung biaya penggunaan koagulan sebesar =Rp 4.872,000 perharinya. Penggunaan biaya akan berubah berdasarkan nilai kekeruhan air dimana semakin besar NTU semakin besar dosis yang dipakai maka semakin besar pula biaya yang digunakan. hasil ini telah sesuai dengan standar Pemenkes No.492/MENKES/PER/2010 dimana, kekeruhan yang menjadi Batasan adalah 5 NTU.
岩井俊二導演的作品《Love Letter》中的記憶
Authors: 八尋春海 八尋春海
Published: February 2023

本論文是針對岩井俊二導演的電影作品《情書 Love Letter》，將重點聚焦於 記憶」上進行論述。在岩井導演所製作的電影中，經常被指出「記憶」是重要的要素。特別是在以描述已逝去之過去人物為中心的《情書 Love Letter》中，記憶可說是重要的主題。 因此，本論文將根據登場人物的「記憶」，從「消失的記憶」「不會消失的記憶」「復甦的記憶」等觀點進行論述，最後則是針對電影劇名之情書，對記憶進行探討。 首先，在第 2 章中指出，透過人們消失的記憶，反而會讓尚留有記憶的人的人物形象變為更加鮮明之可能性。此外，在第 3 章中，仔細觀察那些不會消失的記憶，可得知此故事都是環繞在早夭的藤井周遭的事物。第 4 章則是闡述，樹透過深究自己復甦的過去記憶，得知藤井其實很有可能對女朋友抱持好感。最後，在第 5 章指出，此電影中的 3 封情書，無論是哪一封情書都是單向面的。

 

This paper discusses the film Love Letter, directed by Iwai Shunji, focusing on “memory”. It has often been pointed out that “memory” is an important element in the films produced by director Iwai. In particular, memory is an important theme in Love Letter, which focuses on a person who has passed away. Therefore, in this paper, I discuss the “memories” of the characters in terms of “forgetting,” “retaining memories,” and “reviving memories,” and finally, I discuss the love letter—which is also the title of the film—in terms of memory. First, in Chapter 2, I point out that through people’s lost memories, there is a possibility that the personalities of those who have kept their memories are revealed. Next, in Chapter 3, I look closely at those memories that have not disappeared and find that they are concentrated on those related to Fujii, who died young. In Chapter 4, by examining the past memories revived by Itsuki, it is revealed that Fujii actually had a strong liking for her. Finally, in Chapter 5, I point out that there are three love letters in this film, all of which are directed one way.

 
日語教育推進法與日語教師
Authors: 奥村訓代 奥村訓代
Published: February 2023

《日語教育推進法》於 2019 年 6 月 28 日正式實施。這對日語教育界而言，確實是一個重要的里程碑。此法案成立最主要的原因在於過去都必須仰賴志願者進行大部分的日語教育，惟特別是政府表示對於「作為一位在國內生活的外國人」的議題，已正式地感受到其必要性。因此，《日語教育推進法》中明確地指出，不僅是日語及日語教育層面，政府更明示了要針對生活於國內的外國人提供支援及必要性。為了使此法案的執行更 加落實，尚有些課題仍須解決。在本論文中，期許在實施《日語教育推進法》的環境，以及思考今後將出現的各種問題之際，能夠做出進一步的貢獻。據此，本論文將從日語教師的觀點舉出一些課題、疑問及問題點進行分析探討。隨著每五年重新審視一次，且不斷變化與發展的法案，期許其能夠更充實，並能夠直接對接目前所面臨之諸多課題的解決方案。

 

The Act on Promotion of Japanese Language Education was promulgated and enforced June 28, 2019. This was a landmark development for the Japanese language education industry. The most obvious reason is that it relied on volunteers to do most of Japanese language education, as well as to support foreigners as residents. Thus, the Act on the Promotion of Japanese and Language Education set the stage for both the teaching and learning of language, as well as supporting the lifestyles of foreign residents. Recognizing the need to provide support in Japanese we have tried to implement several important aspects of this mission. In this paper, we will discuss the promotion of Japanese language education and make observations on subsequent trends surrounding the promotion of Japanese language education. Then we will summarize the expectations, questions and problems of the bill from the viewpoint of a Japanese language teacher. In a review that takes place every five years, we look forward to seeing the results of this Japanese language education promotion as we check the conditions surrounding the actual situation.

 
SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF BIOCOMPATIBLE CRYOGELS
Authors: Gaisina B. S. , Orazzhanova L. K. , Sabitova A. N. , Bayakhmetova B. B. , Sharipkhan Z. Sh.
Published: February 2023

Biocompatible cryogels are substances with a very high prospect for obtaining functional materials. The macroporous structure is of great importance for the use of cryogels as important materials in medicine, catalysis and some areas of biotechnology. In this review, the authors focused on methods for producing cryogels based on biopolymers, interpolyelectrolyte complexes of biopolymers and composite cryogels based on them. First, a brief theoretical information on the properties of cryogels and methods for producing cryogels based on biopolymers will be considered. The second part of the review contains the latest achievements in the production of cryogel based on biopolymer complexes and composite cryogels. The features of cryogenic synthesis and factors affecting the required final properties of cryogenic materials are considered. In the third part of the review, the fields of application of biocompatible cryogels in oil and gas fields of the type under consideration in biotechnology, catalysis and medicine are studied. In biotechnology, cryogenic materials are used to immobilize molecules and biological cells, as a basis for cell growth and as chromatographic materials for cell separation. In catalysis, cryogenic materials are used as a matrix for the immobilization of metal nanoparticles and enzymes. Biocompatible cryogels and composites based on them are widely used in medicine to restore bone and cartilage tissue, as well as for the proper transfer of drugs, ensuring the release of drugs in the body. The use of cryotropic polymer compositions with controlled hydrophobic properties as a reinforcing layer for creating hydro barrier screens in oil and gas fields is promising.
MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS UNDER CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY OF INITIAL INFORMATION
Authors: Zolotov A. , Sailaubekova A. , Ospanov E. , Myasoedov D.
Published: February 2023

One of the promising and effective approaches of the modern control theory of complex technological systems in the conditions of uncertainty caused by the fuzziness of the initial information is an approach based on the use of expert evaluation methods and the theory of fuzzy sets.

This article presents a study of the properties of an automatic control system with the use of a pseudo-linear fuzzy PID controller built on the basis of a correction device with phase advance. 

One of the alternative methods of constructing control and regulation systems for objects that are indistinctly defined from the point of view of classical theory is the use of so-called fuzzy logic controllers.

Therefore, the development of fuzzy control controllers based on existing microcontrollers is a very urgent task, since a pseudo-linear fuzzy controller built on the basis of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logical I/O, under the condition of uncertainty of the disturbing effect, is able to provide higher quality indicators of the transient process than a traditional PID controller.

As pseudo-linear correction devices (PKU) we use: CU with amplitude suppression, with phase advance and with separate channels for amplitude and phase, since one of the main disadvantages of the PID controller is the presence of phase lag and high sensitivity to interference in the measuring channel.
ANALYSIS OF MODELS AND PARAMETERS OF SENSORS BASED ON BREGG GRIDS AND THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL PARAMETERS ON THE SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GRIDS
Authors: Kalizhanova A. , Seidazimov S. , Zhilkishbayeva Z.
Published: February 2023

The results of the project have a wide practical application in various industries, such as

medical institutions and healthcare facilities, large industrial enterprises, in the automotive industry, food, agricultural and livestock industries, as well as in industrial technology, the metallurgical industry; oil and gas industry.

In phase interferometric sensors (PID) based on arrays, the optical element itself acts as a sensitive element, which leads to a significant reduction in cost. The OB segment between two gratings is a Fabry-Perot interferometer. Under the influence of deformation and acoustic vibrations, the phase difference of signals from two adjacent Bragg gratings changes. Interferometric sensors are most sensitive to changes in the length of a fiber segment under the influence of external factors.

The principle of operation of distributed fiber-optic measuring complexes based on PID in the simplest case (in the case of one PID) is shown in Figure 3.6 and is as follows [4]. Each of the Bragg gratings RB1 and RB2 of the sensor reflects the pulse coming to it from the pulsed laser at the same Bragg wavelength.

 In this case, the time delay between the reflected pulses is equal to twice the propagation time of light in the sensitive element of the sensor – a fiber enclosed between the gratings.

The reflected pulses enter the compensating interferometer (CI), which, in turn, also bifurcates each of them. The delay introduced into the propagation of pulses by the arm 2 of the CI with respect to arm 1 ensures the overlap in time of the pulse reflected from the grating RB1 at the output of arm 2 and the pulse reflected from the grating RB2 at the output of arm 1 and their phase shift by ϕ 0 =π/2.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR CONTROL SMALL HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
Authors: Suleimenova S. T. , Kabulov N. P. , Musiripsha Zh. , Ospanov Ye. A.
Published: February 2023

The problem of providing cheap electricity to both industrial enterprises and settlements has been and remains very relevant. More than 1 million people live in decentralized power supply zones. This is especially important for the remote areas of southern Kazakhstan, where there is no developed power transmission network, and the population receives electricity for 3-4 hours a day from a diesel-electric power station (DPP). The construction of small hydroelectric power plants (SHPPs) can change the living conditions of these people, ensure the energy security of the regions and contribute to the development of the economy.

At present, when solving problems related to the reconstruction and construction of new small hydropower plants, it is necessary to apply inexpensive and effective solutions for automation and remote control of power plants without the constant presence of maintenance personnel.

To effectively control and protect SHPs, a relatively large amount of functionality must be provided compared to larger power plants. A standardized intelligent electronic device (IED) can provide autonomous operation and prioritize safe water management. The IED shall be compact and integrated with the control of electrical and mechanical elements, including the water supply, communication, monitoring and protection system for small hydro power plants.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR BUSINESS PROCESS AUTOMATION
Authors: Taskara D. M. , Sinchev B. K.
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the main elements of creating an ideal mathematical model of the operating procedure of the budget department for IT enterprises. The main technical problems arising in the context of deteriorating business conditions and economic instability are analyzed from the point of view of strategy. The introduction of information technology and the creation of specialized programs and modules are the primary methods for resolving the issues associated with the automation of business processes. By using such systems in various functional divisions, it is possible to reduce the amount of human factor and unneeded paperwork while also making the information gathered at the organization clear, accessible, and organized. Business process management modeling, which is a numerical optimization synthesis of the structure, components, and parameters of a business process, is incredibly important yet is still in its infancy. The cost of an IT project is the primary concern of the developed principles of mathematical modeling of business process management. The baseline data for the generated model, as well as its structure and the findings obtained, can alter dramatically throughout the simulation depending on the nature and peculiarities of each specific project. The research under discussion is aimed at increasing competitiveness in the market and maximizing the overall strategy of the organization. When constructing a mathematical model, the author pays special attention to the methods of mathematical modeling of a business process based on the principles of queuing theory. The created model will allow budget departments of IT companies to evaluate and improve their activities.
MICROCAPSULATION – TECHNOLOGIES AND METHODS
Authors: Kakimov A. K. , Mayorov A. A. , Zhumadilova G. A. , Muratbayev A. M. , Tashybaeva M. M.
Published: February 2023

The article presents an overview of the application of technologies and methods of microcapsules in modern pharmaceuticals and the food industry. One of the most important tasks of healthcare is to provide the population with safe, effective, high-quality and affordable medicines. The analysis of the main rates of development of domestic medicines in the pharmaceutical market of Kazakhstan remains relevant. Microcapsulation is analyzed for physical, chemical, physico-chemical forms. With the help of microcapsulation, the following tasks can be solved: to reduce the reactivity of medicines, extend the shelf life of unstable and perishable medicines, reduce the toxicity of the substance, give the substance new physical properties, reduce volatility, change density, hide color, taste, smell. Microcapsules make it possible to ensure the long-term effect of medicines. Microcapsulation achieves: protection of unstable drugs from environmental influences (vitamins, antibiotics, enzymes, vaccines, serums, etc.); hiding the taste of bitter medicines; isolation of medicines in the desired part of the gastrointestinal tract (intestinalsoluble microcapsules); the question of obtaining high-quality capsules with properties and characteristics that dissolve in the desired environment, retain the therapeutic effect and at the same time meet the requirements of the consumer (ease of use, efficiency, reasonable cost) is still open.
SIGNATURE RECOGNITION ALGORITHMS. BEZIER ALGORITHM
Authors: Toleushova A. T. , Uypalakova D. M. , Imansakipova A. B.
Published: February 2023

This article focuses on improving the human and machine interface, which should ensure efficient processing of data and knowledge in simple, fast and accessible ways. One of the ways to organize it is the introduction of the manuscript (entering text, drawings, drawings, etc.). Handwritten signatures can be considered as handwritten words, but they are more suitable for drawings, because the signer tries to make his signature unique, using not only his first and last names, but also additional graphic elements. Creating a signature is quite simple, although it is impossible to reproduce the recording speed.

The signature has long been used to certify the authenticity of documents and verify (authenticate) an individual. In principle, the signature examination is used during the forensic examination. Signature recognition can be carried out by sequential verification of the signature to each known person. The signature recognition methodology includes a verification methodology and processing of verification results. One of the modern areas of interface improvement is the development and research of software for signature recognition and visualization.

The advent of modern computer input tools has led to the emergence of a new type of online signature describing the signature creation process, not the result. Moreover, not only the coordinates of points on the line, but also a sequence of vectors of parameter values for each of the values of pressure, direction and speed of movement, the angle of adaptation of the pen and the signature time.
DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL ACTIVITY OF RADIOACTIVE IODINE 131 AT TREATMENT OF THYROID CANCER OF POPULATION OF REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Elistratov S. L. , Khazhidinova A. R. , Stepanova O. A. , Khazhidinov A. S. , Nurgaliyev D. N.
Published: February 2023

This article is devoted to the problem of a high level of oncological diseases of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The analysis of the presented statistical data indicates an annual increase in the number of detection of registered oncological diseases in the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. With regard to our region, the annual increase in the number of cancer detection in the population of the Abai region, which is undoubtedly due to the existence of the former Semipalatinsk nuclear test site on this territory, leads to the need for further research to improve the prediction of the treatment process of patients with cancer.

Currently, the method of radioiodotherapy presented in the work is actively used for the treatment of oncological diseases, and in particular thyroid cancer. This method of treatment allows you to destroy cancer cells, surgical removal of which is not possible. An accurate calculation of the activity of the drug to be taken by the patient allows you to reduce the dose load on the patient and at the same time achieve the desired therapeutic effect. The paper presents formulas that are used to calculate the radiation dose of patients for the successful treatment of thyroid cancer. This method of treatment is carried out in the department of "Radionuclide Therapy" of the Center for Nuclear Medicine and Oncology of Semey.
Dossier: Religiosidades en los espacios americanos: Prácticas, materialidades, culto y fiestas
Authors: Barral María Elena , Chaile Telma Liliana
Published: February 2023

Este dossier reúne trabajos articulados en torno a la problemática de la confi guración de religiosidades en varios espacios americanos. En un ampliorecorrido temporal, que se extiende desde la centuria del XVII colonial hasta el actual siglo XXI, los artículos centran los análisis en las prácticas de los actores y a partir de ellas reconstruyen distintas experiencias religiosas. Cada una de las contribuciones que aquí presentamos han enfatizado algún aspecto en particular como el uso de materialidades, el desarrollo del culto y la celebración de fi estas en diferentes regiones: la frontera chaqueña, Buenos Aires, el Noroeste argentino, Puebla en México o La Merced en Salta.
Las Fiestas del “Señor del Sumalao” en La Merced (Salta)
Authors: Casimiro Córdoba Ana Victoria , Cosso Pablo E. , Saiquita Gerardo Daniel
Published: February 2023

El presente trabajo se compone de dos partes: en la primera expondremos una descripción de la “Fiesta Grande” y la “Fiesta Chica del Señor de Sumalao”, desarrolladas en un área rural del municipio de La Merced (Salta-Argentina); en la segunda realizaremos un análisis del fenómeno religioso, presentando algunos aportes teórico-etnográficos. La descripción etnográfica se basará en el trabajo de campo realizado durante los últimos tres años, haciendo énfasis en los siguientes ejes: a) las diferencias observadas entre ambas fiestas; b) los gestos y actitudes religiosas de los asistentes; c) los testimonios de milagros y sanaciones; d) los relatos míticos; e) las miradas, discursos y prácticas institucionales; y f) el rol de las imágenes sagradas en el culto. Partiendo del concepto de “prácticas de sacralización” (Martin, 2007) discutiremos la perspectiva ‘durkheimniana’ acerca de lo “sagrado” y lo “profano” como categorías de análisis. Proponemos pensar este fenómeno religioso como un continuum de prácticas reguladas (institucionales) y des-reguladas (no-institucionales). Por otra parte, problematizaremos la relación entre objetos, sujetos y seres sobrenaturales, siguiendo a Latour (2008, 2007), postulando aquí también, una lectura desde el continuum de los tres elementos intervinientes en la experiencia religiosa de las personas que participan de estas Fiestas.
La Voz de la Iglesia y el discurso católico sobre la ciencia en la Argentina de fines del siglo XIX (1885-1895)
Authors: Castelfranco Diego
Published: February 2023

Aunque durante un largo período la historiografía tendió a estudiar el vínculo entre cristianismo y ciencia en clave de conflicto, a lo largo de las últimas décadas, y particularmente de mano de autores anglosajones, se comenzó a reemplazar dicha perspectiva por una que atendiera a la complejidad. Partiendo de dicha base, este artículo intenta reconstruir el discurso elaborado con respecto a la ciencia en el periódico La Voz de la Iglesia, publicado entre los años 1893 y 1911 y fuertemente vinculado al Arzobispado de Buenos Aires. En las páginas de dicho periódico puede observarse un esfuerzo constante por mostrar a la Iglesia Católica en armonía con el progreso de la ciencia, partiendo de un discurso con una raigambre tomista según el cual, aunque la razón no está de ningún modo reñida con la fe y de hecho la apuntala, las verdades reveladas nunca dejan de tener la primacía en tal ecuación. En este sentido resulta fundamental una división que se realiza entre la “mala” y la “buena” ciencia, la primera de ellas aliada de la fe y la segunda homologada a un acto de soberbia humana por completo inconducente, que es crecientemente identificada con el positivismo.
El conflicto Cristero en México
Authors: Molina Fuentes Mariana Guadalupe
Published: February 2023

La Revolución de 1910 constituye un punto de referencia necesario para comprender la historia mexicana. Entre los ideales más sobresalientes del Estado post revolucionario figura la laicidad, establecida constitucionalmente por el gobierno liberal desde mediados del siglo XIX y reivindicada tras la victoria de los grupos revolucionarios. En ese orden de ideas la década de 1920 es significativa por dos razones: a) porque en ella se consolidó el poder estatal, cuyos representantes eliminaron a todo adversario político; y b) porque esa consolidación implicó una encarnizada lucha con la Iglesia Católica y con sus fieles. No debe olvidarse que la institución eclesiástica tuvo presencia en lo que hoy es México desde el periodo virreinal, y su constancia le brindaba una legitimidad mucho mayor que la que gozaba el recién fundado Estado post revolucionario. Contrario a lo que suele pensarse los levantamientos a favor de la Iglesia no estuvieron aislados ni desarticulados; fueron parte de un movimiento organizado y con objetivos claros. Este artículo procura dar cuenta del choque de intereses que provocó el estallido de la Guerra Cristera, uno de los conflictos armados más cruentos y menos explorados de México en el siglo XX.
Una “inquietante privación de imágenes”
Authors: Napoli Diana
Published: February 2023

En este artículo, la autora entiende mostrar, a través de la lectura certoliana del De Icona de Nicolás de Cusa, un retrato de la modernidad a partir de la invención de un nuevo paradigma epistemológico. Además, ella analiza la relación entre escritura y verdad como presencia, mostrando como Michel de Certeau, practicando la operación historiográfica y, como siempre, al mismo tiempo teorizándola, dialoga con la reflexión derridiana. De esta manera, Certeau se inscribe plenamente en el horizonte filosófico de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, un horizonte que su obra contribuye a definir.
MAKING CANCER MORTAL: INVESTIGATING CURCUMIN’S EFFECTS ON CANCER
Authors: Venkatesh Shreya
Published: February 2023

Curcumin, a polyphenol derived from Curcuma longa, or turmeric, with various medically useful properties as anti-inflammation or anti-oxidation, can be predicted to induce the death of cancer cells through its additional anti-carcinogenic properties. Yet, unlike other cancer treatments today, it should leave healthy, normal cells unharmed since it is used commonly as an everyday cooking spice. Both literature reviews and research conducted within this study indicate that curcumin is capable of implementing its anti-carcinogenic properties along many different biological pathways such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, metastasis, and so on without damaging healthy cells. Furthermore, by inhibiting a transcription factor known as NF- κB, curcumin not only induces apoptosis in cancer cells but also prevents the further growth and propagation of cancer cells. In this in vitro study, the effects that curcumin has upon cancer cells are observed and studied in order to explain how curcumin enhances necrosis in cancer cells and to show that curcumin is indeed an inhibitor of cancer cells and their growth.
HOSPITAL GOVERNANCE FOR THE COUNTIES IN KENYA, ‘EPHASIS ON GOVERNMENT-RUN INSTITUTIONS
Authors: A. K Maranga , V. K Mukthar , C, S Dr. Mutunga , R. K Chemoiwa
Published: February 2023

Sound institutions and good governance go hand in hand, Kaufman and Kraay (2003) defines good governance as “the traditions and institutions by which authority in a country is exercised”.it encompasses:- the capacity of the government to formulate and implement sound policies, manage resources and provide services efficiently; and  the process that allows citizens to select, hold accountable, monitor and replace government; and, the institutions that govern economic and social interaction.
DESCRIPTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE DEPENDENT PATIENTS IN NAIROBI KENYA
Authors: Mwenda C.S Mutunga
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Substance abuse may slow-down economic growth if it affects the productive persons in the society. Identifying the characteristics of the substance user can help policy makers to develop targeted interventions. The aim of the study was to describe the Socio-demographic information, socioeconomic information, Cultural factors, substances used and relapses status of the psychoactive substance dependent patients admitted in substance dependence rehabilitation facilities in Nairobi. 

Methodology: This was a retrospective study conducted in November 2009 in four in-patient rehabilitation facilities in Nairobi. All the 170 in-patient files belonging to substance users admitted in the four selected rehabilitation facilities three months preceding the study were purposively included. The patient demographic variables: gender, age, occupation, income, social class, cultural beliefs and relapse status were reviewed. Data analysis methods included use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings were presented using charts, tables, and narrative form. 

Results: Males accounted for 114 (67%) of the patients. Approximately 136 (80%) of the patients were aged between 21 and 40 years. About 90 (53%) of the participants were single and 34 (20%) were divorced. Almost 114 (67%) of the patients used illegal sources of income to fund substance use. Forty percent (68) were influenced by friends to use substance and 142 (84%), indicated that the substance was easily available. Relapse rate was approximately 110 (65%)

Discussion: Generally the research found that psychoactive substance abuse is common among males in the productive age bracket with most of them funding their substances using illegal means and experiencing relapses. 

Recommendation: Interventions to prevent and control substance abuse should put a lot of emphasis on young adults in the productive age (21-40) bracket. Rehabilitation and follow up services should also be strengthened to reduce relapses.
First record of the non-indigenous Mollusca Okenia pellucida Burn, 1967 (Nudibranchia: Goniodorididae) in the Mediterranean basin
Authors: Rizgalla Jamila , Fitori Amani , Doneddu Mauro , Trainito Egidio
Published: February 2023

The Mediterranean Sea, a semi-closed basin, hosts a unique biodiversity. Since the opening of the Suez Canal and the increase in maritime traffic, it has become one of the regions of the world most impacted by invasions of non-native species, and harbors play an important role in this phenomenon: they are the gateways that offer non-native species a way of entry and diffusion. This paper reports the first records in the Mediterranean Sea of the Indo-Pacific species Okenia pellucida Burn, 1967 (Goniodorididae), from two localities in the Southern part of the basin. Seven specimens were collected in Regatta Bay, east of the port of Tripoli (Libya); four additional individuals have been reported from Il-Fekruna, Malta.
Identificación de patrones de congestionamiento vehicular utilizando algoritmos de agrupamiento de trayectorias basados en densidad
Authors: Reyes Gary , Roldán José , Macias Angélica , Cordova Francisco , León Oscar
Published: February 2023

Contexto: Este trabajo se centra en identificar patrones de congestionamiento. Para ello se utilizan 3 conjuntos de datos de las ciudades de Beijing, Guayaquil y Roma. Método: Se efectúa la implementación del algoritmo Dyclee, modificado para agrupar celdas de trayectorias en base a velocidades, con el cual se realiza experimentos en los que se calculó adecuadamente los patrones de volumen de servicio e índice de operatividad en base a sus resultados. La modalidad de la investigación predominante es la bibliográfica. Sin embargo, el estudio también incluye características de una investigación de campo, debido a que los algoritmos fueron ejecutados con datos de trayectorias GPS de tres conjuntos de datos diferentes. Resultados: Para validar esta investigación se ejecutaron dos experimentos. En el primer experimento se determinó que el algortimo Dyclee calculó correctamente los patrones de congestionamiento. En el segundo experimento se encontró que TRADBSCAN obtuvo los mejores resultados con respecto a métricas de validación tomando en cuenta los parámetros establecidos. Conclusiones: Se concluyó que el algoritmo de clustering basado en densidad Dyclee, es capaz de identificar patrones de congestionamiento vehicular.
Régimen [21] para la Adquisición de Aceites Vegetales en Empresas Atuneras de la Ciudad de Manta – Ecuador
Authors: Huaygua-Apaza Maribel
Published: February 2023

Contexto: El atún en conservas es uno de los productos No Tradicionales con mayor participación en la oferta exportable del Ecuador, siendo así la zona costera la región con mayor asentamiento de plantas industriales. Manta considerada la “capital del atún enlatado” alberga a una gran mayoría deindustrias atuneras. Las empresas exportadoras de atún en conservas se acogen a la Admisión Temporal para Perfeccionamiento Activo (régimen 21) para adquirir determinadas mercancías con la suspensión del pago de tributos a la importación. Método: Con la finalidad de analizar la incidencia de la adquisición de aceites vegetales bajo régimen 21 en las empresas atuneras de la ciudad de Manta, se empleó un tipo de investigación descriptiva con un enfoque cualitativo – cuantitativo, mediante el levantamiento de información por entrevistas y encuestas. Resultados: Tras la aplicación de las herramientas de recolección de información se pudo comprobar que efectivamente se está aplicando dicho régimen para la adquisición del aceites vegetales, siendo de manera directa para el aceite de oliva (refinado), mientras que de forma indirecta para los aceites de soya y girasol (ofertados en su mayoría “crudos”) debido a que inicialmente serían importados por proveedores nacionales a países vecinos como Bolivia y Argentina, para luego ser refinados y ofertados bajo contrato de Cesión de Titularidad a una mayoría de las empresas objeto de estudio. Conclusiones: El estudio refleja que resulta más provechoso para las empresas atuneras (costos) adquirir los aceites de soya y girasol a terceros (mediante contrato de cesión de titularidad) y para el aceite de oliva resulta más factible la adquisición directa ya que el “ahorro” será más significativo.
Mitigación de la contaminación por Ruido Ambiental en los alrededores de una Institución de Educación Superior mediante la Implementación de Estrategias en un Plan de Marketing Social
Authors: Duque-Aldaz Javier , Pérez Benítez Hugo , Fierro Aguilar Jaime , Tobar Farías Galo
Published: February 2023

Contexto: La investigación plantea una visión general sobre la contaminación por ruido ambiental en los alrededores de una universidad y su afectación en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje, esta se aborda desde la perspectiva pedagógica, contaminación por ruido ambiental y marketing social. La OMS en sus estándares indica los decibeles permisibles para cada zona como son: residencias, industrias y centros de enseñanza. Método: Se realizó un estudio con el fin de conocer el grado de entendimiento o percepción de los estudiantes sobre esta problemática. El método empleado es el muestreo por conveniencia no probabilístico a 449 jóvenes de la generación Z, con una encuesta de 18 preguntas. Resultados: Como solución se propone la elaboración de un plan de marketing social, para campaña de mitigación del ruido ambiental en los alrededores de un centro de educación. Este plan debe cumplir 12 puntos, en los que se desarrollarán estrategias del marketing social, marketing de guerrilla y marketing digital, así como la colaboración de Influencers. Conclusiones: El ruido es una problemática que afecta a todos, y en este caso se presenta su afectación al proceso enseñanza aprendizaje. Se plantea el uso de estrategias como marketing de guerrilla, viral y digital; para dar a conocer las propuestas, como una campaña de capacitación y concienciación, con la colaboración de Influencers. Se definen estrategias para transporte público, taxis, como el llevar publicidad referente a no tocar la bocina si no es necesario.
Heavy Metals in the Soil Around a Cement Company in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria Pose Health Risks
Authors: Yahaya Tajudeen , Umar Abdulrazak , Abubakar Muddassiru , Abdulazeez Abdulmalik , Musa Bilyaminu , Ibrahim Yusuf
Published: February 2023

Cement is widely used in the building industry because it is reliable and because its basic ingredients are inexpensive and abundant. However, the production of cement produces heavy metal-laden dust that can harm humans and the environment. This study aimed to determine the risk posed by heavy metals in the soil around a cement company in Sokoto, Nigeria. Soil samples were obtained at 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 km from the company and served as test samples, while control samples were obtained at 5.0 km away. The soil samples were treated and assayed for lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The values obtained were used to estimate the heavy metals’ average daily inhalation (ADI), average daily dermal exposure (ADDE), hazard quotient (HQ), health risk index (HRI), and carcinogenic risk (CR). Permissible levels of all the heavy metals were detected at all the locations (0.1 > 0.5 > 1.0 > 5.0 km). However, the ADI, ADDE, HQ, HRI, and CR of the heavy metals were above the permissible limits. It can be inferred from the results that the soil around the company can predispose humans to heavy metal toxicities. Consequently, the company needs to prioritize pollution control.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Keuangan Terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan Keluarga Dengan Gaya Hidup Sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Study Kasus Di Masyarakat Kecamatan Tidore Timur)
Authors: Hadi Muksin , Hadady Hartaty , Amiro Suratno , Pratama Rheza
Published: February 2023

The aims of this study were: (1) to find out and analyze the effect of financial knowledge on family financial management in the people of the East Tidore sub-district. (2) To find out and analyze the effect of financial knowledge on financial management moderated by lifestyle. The number of samples in this study were 100 respondents from family members in the East Tidore sub-district. The test tool used is simple linear regression analysis using the statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) 25 as a statistical test tool. The results of the study show that: (1) Financial knowledge influences family financial management in the East Tidore sub-district community; and (2) Lifestyle influences and strengthens financial knowledge on family financial management in the East Tidore sub-district community
Perception prevalence of the relationship between PID and infertility amongst women of reproductive age: A Nigerian study
Authors: Owhonda G  , Eli S  , Okagua KE  , Ocheche U  , Alali Dan-Jumbo  , Nonye-Enyidah EI  , Iwo-Amah RS  , Wakama IE  , Inimgba NM
Published: February 2023

There is an established relationship between Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and infertility. These two entities are of public health concern globally due to the burden on reproductive health. Evidence has shown the relationship between PID and infertility to be between 9 and 85% from various regions of the world. Aim: To determine the perception prevalence of the relationship between PID and infertility amongst women of reproductive age in Rivers State Nigeria. Method: It was a cross sectional study of women of reproductive age who attended enlightenment campaign by the Mother and Baby Care Global Foundation. Information were coded and analysed using SPSS version 25. Results: Two hundred and fifty (250) subjects were enrolled for the study. The mean age was 24 ± 4 years. One hundred and fifteen (46%) were between ages 20 – 29 years, 30 – 39 years represented 85 (34%) of the subjects, 50(20%) were between ages 40 – 49years. Subjects aware of PID and infertility were 74 (30%) and 113 (45%) respectively. The relationship between PID and infertility was 25 (10%). For the educational status of the subjects tertiary level of education comprised of 200 (80%) while 50 (20%) had. Conclusion: This study revealed the perception prevalence of the relationship between PID and infertility as 10%. This indeed worrisome taking into cognisance the devastating effect of PID on human reproduction. Enlightenment programme is highly recommended to prevent its negative consequences PID on fertility.
Targeting the M-Ras and B/C-Raf kinases by allosteric druglike inhibitors for cancer therapy
Authors: Nicholas A. Nesh
Published: February 2023

Presented here is a computational design of druglike allosteric inhibitors of the M-Ras, B-Raf, and C-Raf kinases. The Ras and Raf kinases are important for cell proliferation. Their mutations can lead to cancer formation. MAPK pathways, important in the cell cycle, are stimulated when Ras activates Raf. Numerous drugs are MAPK inhibitors. Yet, bypass signaling is often established, causing drug resistance. B-Raf inhibitors efficiently inhibit certain MAPK kinases. Nevertheless, they can also activate C-Raf in Ras-mutated cancers, so their signaling is switched from B-Raf to C-Raf. M-Ras can bypass other mutated Ras kinases, leading to cancer advancement. Thus, M-Ras and B/C-Raf are desirable drug targets. Most inhibitors attach to the kinases’ catalytic sites. Since these sites are similar in kinases, they are hard to target selectively. Allosteric sites differ in kinases, which allows selective binding. The M-Ras, B-Raf, and C-Raf allosteric binding sites were studied in the Deep View program. New small-molecule inhibitors were designed by systematic atomic substitutions in known inhibitors. The Data Warrior and Molinspiration programs calculated druglike properties of the designed molecules. The molecules with the best druglike properties and no toxicities were docked in ArgusLab. Their binding energies were found. One of the designed molecules bonded well allosterically to B-Raf, C-Raf, and M-Ras and had better druglike properties than the known single-kinase inhibitors. These findings, combined with earlier experimental studies, indicate the molecule designed here may be an effective allosteric inhibitor of all three kinases, and may offer enhanced therapies for cancers with Raf or Ras mutations.
Structural Equation Modeling of Educational Use of Facebook among University Students in Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Qaisar Khalid , Akram Muhammad Babar , Uzair Muhammad
Published: February 2023

South Asia, the world's most populous region, has the highest number of young social networking site users. Pakistan has over 40 million young active Facebook users among them. As a result, there is a greater need to explain how young people, particularly students, can use social networking sites like Facebook for educational purposes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate Pakistani students' attitudes, perceptions, and behavior toward Facebook, as well as how they use the platform for learning purposes. The researchers conducted a cross-sectional survey at three Pakistani universities. The study included a sample of 1050 students who were Facebook users and were selected randomly. We developed a structural equational model to outline the relationships between different types of independent and dependent variables. We used appropriate fitting indices such as the goodness of fit index (GFI), comparative fit index (CFI), and non-normal fit index (NFI) to test our model. The proposed model's results confirmed the hypothesized latent structures as well as the theoretical validity of the probed factors. The study's findings may be useful in better understanding the educational use of social networking tools in Asian and non-western countries.