bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
034  Updated safety analysis of ocrelizumab in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Schmierer Klaus , Hauser Stephen L , Kappos Ludwig , Montalban Xavier , Craveiro Licinio , Hughes Richard , Prajapati Kalpesh , Koendgen Harold , Pradhan Ashish , Wolinsky Jerry S
Published: May 2022

Background

Ongoing safety reporting is crucial to understanding the long-term benefit-risk profile of ocrelizumab in multiple sclerosis (MS). Safety/efficacy of ocrelizumab have been characterised in Phase II (NCT00676715) and III (NCT01247324/NCT01412333/NCT01194570) trials in relapsing-remitting MS, relapsing MS (RMS) and primary progressive MS (PPMS). Here, we report safety evaluations from ocrelizumab clinical trials and open-label extensions up to January 2019, and selected post-marketing data.

Methods

Safety outcomes are reported for the ocrelizumab all-exposure population in Phase II/III and ongoing Phase IIIb trials. To account for different exposure lengths, rates per 100 patient years (PY) are presented.

Results

In clinical trials, 4,611 patients with MS received ocrelizumab (14,329 PY exposure). Reported rates per 100 PY (95% confidence interval) were: adverse events (AEs), 252 (249–254); serious AEs, 7.33

(6.89–7.79); infections, 76.7 (75.3–78.2); serious infections, 1.99 (1.77–2.23); malignancies, 0.46 (0.35–0.58); and AEs leading to discontinuation, 1.08 (0.92–1.27). Updated ocrelizumab all-exposure population data and selected post-marketing data will be presented.

Conclusions

Reported event rates in the ocrelizumab all-exposure clinical trial population and post-mar- keting settings remain generally consistent with the controlled treatment period in RMS/PPMS populations. Regular reporting of long-term safety data will continue.

k.schmierer@qmul.ac.uk
037  Treating secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in the UK: use of guidelines and stopping criteria
Authors: Duddy Martin , Wilkinson Carmel , Rhys Katherine , Medhurst Steve
Published: May 2022

Background

As new treatment approaches emerge for progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), it is important to understand the factors underlying current practice.

Methods

We used a structured questionnaire to interview 59 healthcare professionals (HCPs) from geo- graphically-dispersed UK MS centres about current disease modifying therapy (DMT) management of patients with suspected/confirmed secondary progressive MS (SPMS).

Results

Of 43 HCPs (73%) who follow guidelines for DMT management of patients transitioning from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) to SPMS, most (n=37/43, 86%) use the NHS England (NHSE) algorithm; 7/43 (16%) use ABN guidance. Fifty-eight (98%) HCPs use DMTs to treat patients with RRMS whom they suspect may be transitioning to SPMS and 30 (51%) for (a minority of) patients with newly- diagnosed SPMS. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 7.0 was the most frequently-reported criterion used for stopping DMTs (n=29, 49%), however, a variety of other criteria were used and a small majority of HCPs reported continuing DMTs beyond EDSS 7.0 in certain circumstances (most commonly recent relapse activity [n=32, 54%] or in younger patients [n=20, 34%]).

Conclusions

Although most HCPs follow NHSE guidelines, a range of DMT stopping criteria are employed in clinical practice and treatment decisions may be based on individual patient circumstances.

katherine.rhys@novartis.com
040  MS disease modifying therapy (DMT) sequencing – natalizumab to cladribine tablets – experience in 20 patients
Authors: Das Joyutpal , Lewis Thomas , Lusher William , Vernon Karen , Rog David , Paul Talbot , Sharaf Nazar , Kalatha Thaleia , Mihalova Tatiana
Published: May 2022

Background

Natalizumab has been used for treatment of rapidly evolving sever relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Patients can switch treatment after two years if JCV antibody-index is positive. One of the alternative treatment options include a weight based adjusted cladribine tablets that have been approved for treatment of highly active relapsing-remitting MS in Europe since 2017.

Methods

We reviewed 20 patients with prior natalizumab-treatment that switched to oral cladribine. The objective for treatment modification was JCV-index positivity. Data was collected regarding MS relapses, disease progression, or any possible adverse events.

Results

Patients started cladribine treatment between 01/2018 and 07/2019 with a follow-up observation period from 3 weeks to 18 months. Treatment was well tolerated and there were no severe opportunistic infections.

Conclusion

According to this review of 20 patients, treatment with cladribine tablets was safe even when used in patients previously treated with natalizumab and at high risk for PML. So far, no serious adverse events other than transient lymphopenia have been observed, especially no cases of PML.

j.das@doctors.org.uk
041  Determinants of prolonged time to diagnosis in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Scotland
Authors: Brown Fraser , Kearns Patrick , Martin Sarah-Jane , Connick Peter , Hunt David , Chandran Siddharthan
Published: May 2022

Background

There is increasing emphasis on earlier diagnosis in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) as evidence is accumulating that earlier treatment reduces long-term disability accumu- lation. Much inter-individual variability in time to diagnosis remains unexplained.

Objectives

To examine factors associated with longer time to diagnosis in a cohort of adult patients diagnosed with RRMS in Scotland between January 2016 and February 2019.

Methods

Clinical and demographic features were collected as part of an incidence cohort study. Time to diagnosis was defined as interval between date of first symptom to date of diagnosis and considered prolonged if it was greater than the median value. Age at onset, sex, weight, smoking status, employ- ment status, socioeconomic status and onset symptom type were examined for association with time to diagnosis using logistic regression.

Results

We recruited 440 patients. Median time to diagnosis was 1.75 years. Current employment (OR

2.016 [1.186–3.428] p=0.010) was associated with longer time to diagnosis. We found no association with other variables measured.

Conclusions

Time to diagnosis in RRMS in Scotland is employment status-dependent. A considerable proportion of variance in time to diagnosis remains unexplained in RRMS.

fraser@tonnard.co.uk
046  Familial multiple sclerosis: a community-based epidemiology study in Cumbria
Authors: Nwe May , Footitt David
Published: May 2022

Background

The Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis varies according to the geographical location and certain ethnic group. Genetic susceptibility to MS has also been linked to allelic variation It has been suggested that Viking genes’ can make people more susceptible to MS. Given the northern latitude and genetic background of the indigenous population, one might expect the higher prevalence of Multiple sclerosis.

Cumbria Neurology Service: The Cumbria Neurology service has established in 2011, which used a single electronic patient record which has linked to the general practice. It is based within a community trust; and which is a single consultant-led service.

Objective

To study the prevalence of familial multiple sclerosis in Cumbria Region.

Results

Our estimated prevalence rate of multiple sclerosis is higher than a McKenzie et’s report. However, the data for the familial Multiple Sclerosis is lower than those of the global data (the data collecting is still ongoing).

maythaenwe@gmail.com
Effects of VNS stimulation on electrocorticography in patients with dual neuro- stimulation devices
Authors: Joseph Navya Mary , Steffan Paul , Becker Danielle , Wernovsky Magda , Datta Proleta , Ernst Lia
Published: May 2022

Background

One-third of epilepsy patients become refractory to anti-epileptic medications. In these patients neurostimulation devices are considered as potential treatment options. The FDA has approved vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) and responsive neurostimulation (RNS system) for the treatment of focal epilepsy. There is limited data on interaction between the two devices and their mechanism of action is actively being researched. Limited prior evidence suggests that acute VNS stimulation may reduce epileptiform activity and cause EEG desynchronization. Our study aims to isolate the effects of VNS on electrocorticography (ECoG) as recorded by the RNS system.

Methods

ECoG from 20 patients were obtained. For each patient, five pairs of ‘on’ recordings of 60-second VNS stimulation on ECoGs were compared to ‘off’ baseline 60s recordings. ECoGs were analyzed for differences in spectral content.

Results

Preliminary results show that acute VNS stimulation is associated with significant decrease in power (i.e. desynchronization) in the theta, beta, and (50–70 Hz) gamma bands.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates desynchronization as a mechanism of action of VNS, as recorded by the RNS system. As more patients receive dual neurostimulators, it will be crucial to understand isolated effects of each device to optimize programming and improve therapeutic efficacy.

navya.joseph@unmc.edu
056  OCT screening prior to starting fingolimod: is it truly justified?
Authors: Fisniku Leonora , Tageldin Amr
Published: May 2022

Background andAim

Fingolimod, an oral immunomodulating drug is used in the management of relaps- ing-remitting MS (RRMS)-patients. Fingolimod-related macular oedema is reported in 0.4% of cases. Whereas pre-treatment optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used in the pivotal trials, the licensing of Fingolimod did not require this. We sought to assess the rate of abnormal pre-treatment OCTs in the patients treated with Fingolimod at Brighton and Sussex University Hospital (BSUH).

Methods

We reviewed the OCTs of all RRMS-patients screened at BSUH prior to being started on Fingoli- mod from November 2013-September 2019. Patients screened elsewhere, were not included.

Results

135 patients were screened. 21(15%) were males; mean age 39 (range 25–74). Macular-OCT was normal in 133/135(98.5%) patients; in one patient a tiny cyst but no frank edema was noted; no post Fin- golimod macular oedema was noted; subretinal fluid was noted in another patient; this patient did not tolerate Fingolimod. No macular eodema was observed in any of the patients started on Fingolimod.

Conclusions

Our data suggest the routine use of OCT as part of Fingolimod pre-screening is not justified. Rationalizating pre-screening investigations prior to starting disease-modifying-therapies, could avoid unnecessary delay in starting such treatments and provide better use of the resources. This data re- enforces the need for reviewing and auditing our protocols and guidelines.

leonora.fisniku@nhs.net
057  Clinical experience of cladribine use in a large UK cohort – side effect profiles, including lymphocytopaenia
Authors: Suslak Thomas , Murray Lesley , MacDougall Niall
Published: May 2022

Cladribine is a novel disease-modifying therapy that has been licensed for treatment of highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. This study examines the prescribing of cladribine in a cohort of real-world patients (n=120), over two health boards in Scotland, assessing the workability of the Scottish Medicines Consortium prescribing guidelines, as well as examining the safety-netting that exists to manage adverse events.

One significant issue with the current guidelines is identified - the imaging criteria - and it is proposed that these are redundant in clinical practice. Mild to moderate lymphocytopaeniais the main adverse effect of cladribine, present in 78% of patients within treatment year 1. Adequate infection prophylaxis and counselling are noted to be key aspects of pre-assessment. The average lag to peak lymphocytopaenia is was two to four months after first treatment (n patients = 75%), indi- cating the optimal time frame for routine follow-up screening. Other adverse effects were noted in 25 patients (21%), most commonly fatigue (incidence = 0.07), hair loss (incidence = 0.05) and nausea (incidence = 0.03). Allergic-type reactions were also observed in 2% of patients, but these were mild and treatable, without interruption to therapy.

This study represents interim follow-up data for this patient cohort, who have completed their first round of cladribine treatment. This therapy is reported to have maximum efficacy after two treatment cycles therefore, this study represents the groundwork for subsequent, annual follow-up.

thomas.suslak@gmail.com
Swampland criteria in Chaplygin-braneworld warm inflation scenario
Authors: Maqsood Sadaf , Jawad Abdul
Published: May 2022

In recent times, it has been perceived that incorporation of branes in higher dimensional theories of quantum gravity is very effective to differentiate those theories which successfully satisfy the swampland criteria. Moreover, warm inflation is considered to be most appropriate single scalar field inflationary model in the framework of swampland criteria. In this regard, we study two well-known Chaplygin gas (CG) models embedded in Randall–Sundrum braneworld. It is known that the de Sitter constraint is derived by taking into account Bousso’s covariant entropy bound. We discuss the application of this result in the context of Chaplygin-brane models and find the condition on the slope of the potential. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that in view of warm inflation dynamics this condition remains essentially unchanged indicating the compatibility of the models with swampland criteria. In addition, we investigate the constraint on the warm inflation parameter imposed by the de Sitter conjecture which shows that the warm inflation is in accordance with de Sitter bound in the strong as well as in weak dissipative regime for both models of Chaplygin gas.
Recent developments on the Casimir torque
Authors: Spreng Benjamin , Gong Tao , Munday Jeremy N.
Published: May 2022

The Casimir force acts on nearby surfaces due to zero-point fluctuations of the quantum electromagnetic field. In the nonretarded limit, the interaction is also known as the van der Waals force. When the electromagnetic response of the surfaces is anisotropic, a torque may act on the surfaces. Here, we review the literature and recent developments on the Casimir torque. The theory of the Casimir torque is discussed in an explicit example for uniaxial birefringent plates. Recent theoretical predictions for the Casimir torque in various configurations are presented. A particular emphasis is made on experimental setups for measuring the Casimir torque.
Analysis on Capacity Sharing with Failed Match Based on the Evolutionary Game Theory
Authors: Ma Junhai , Xie Lei
Published: May 2022

There is a problem of capacity mismatch between different companies in the current market. In this paper, we propose a dual-channel capacity sharing supply chain consisting of two competing manufacturers (i.e. a capacity seller and a capacity buyer) and one platform. Considering the gap of matching success rates, we investigate whether the buyer and seller can benefit from capacity sharing and how the different matching success rates influence the manufacturers’ decisions on spontaneously match through a platform. Through numerical simulation, we find that (1) the seller can always benefit from capacity sharing even when the match fails, while the buyer benefits from capacity sharing only when the capacity constraint is relatively severe; (2) both the buyer and seller prefer to participate through the platform when the platform has a sufficiently high advantage in matching success rates; (3) if the capacity constraint is much severe, the capacity buyer may turn to self-match rather than capacity sharing. Besides, we also study the sustainability of the capacity-sharing system and show how the platform can improve sustainability by forgoing accumulated profits.
Upper Bound on the Number of Zeros of Abelian Integrals for Hyperbolic Hamiltonian Systems of Degree Seven
Authors: Lu Liping , Huang Wentao
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we study the bound on the number of isolated zeros of Abelian integrals associated with the seventh-degree hyperbolic Hamiltonian system. When the unperturbed system has a unique period annulus bounded by a heteroclinic loop, a series of results on the upper bound of the number of zeros of the related Abelian integrals are obtained. However, there are still some open problems left about the exact bound. Furthermore, we give some results for the system when the parameters in the Hamiltonian system are fixed to certain values. The main tools involve algebraic symbolic computations such as counting the zeros of semi-algebraic systems.
Limit Cycles Bifurcating from a Class of Cubic Hamiltonian Systems
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Yu Jiang
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the perturbation of a class of cubic Hamiltonian systems is considered. Using Abelian integral, we prove that there exists a neighborhood of the center where the system has at most two limit cycles for arbitrary polynomial perturbation of degree three or four, and at most four limit cycles for arbitrary polynomial perturbation of degree five or six, respectively, which can be reached.
Complex Dynamics of a Low-Carbon Supply Chain with Government Green Subsidies and Carbon Cap-and-Trade Policies
Authors: Zhang Yuhao , Zhang Tao
Published: May 2022

This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain consisting of one government, one manufacturer and one retailer in the presence of government green subsidies and carbon cap-and-trade policies. The manufacturer adopts eco-friendly technologies to produce green products for curbing carbon emissions, and the retailer is responsible for selling green products to consumers who exhibit low-carbon preferences. Two noncooperative game models, that is, the manufacturer-led Stackelberg model and the vertical Nash model, are developed under static and dynamic settings, respectively. The static analytical solutions of the models are derived by using game theory, and their complex dynamical behaviors are explored via bifurcation and chaos theory. The results indicate that the excessively large adjustment parameters of the players will destabilize the stability of the Nash equilibrium point, leading to more complicated behaviors such as bifurcation and chaos. The higher consumers’ low-carbon preference has a destabilization effect on the system’s stability while the carbon trading price may be a stabilizing or a destabilizing factor for the system under different scenarios. Besides, the influence of the government’s green subsidy rate on the system’s stability is not obvious in most cases. Furthermore, when the system enters into periodic cycles and chaotic motions resulting from the overly fast adjustment speeds, the channel members’ performance may be elevating or declining in different models. Therefore, the chaos in the low-carbon supply system is not always detrimental to the channel members.
Deep Learning-Based Hexrep Neural Network for Convergence Free with Operator’s Efficacy in Hexagonal Image Processing
Authors: Varghese Prathibha , Saroja G. Arockia Selva
Published: May 2022

The field of hexagonal image processing is concerned with the creation of image processing systems that combine the advantages of biological model-based evolutionary motivated frameworks. The structure and functionality of artificial neural networks were inspired by biological processes. The fundamental framework of recording and output devices limits their present state of the art. Prior neural networks have used square or hexagonal style input to completely connected layers, which resulted in a high coherence problem between two adjacent hexagonal kernel layers due to pooling. Previous research does not design the self-data structure to support convolution to increase computational efficiency, so it violates the convolution and pooling operator, which greatly degrades the image process performance. This paper introduces a novel paradigm Proficient Deep Learning-based Hexrep Neural Network that overcomes major significant problems in image operations structure constraint, coherence problem, and violation of convolution and pooling operator and achieves hexagonal image processing.
Two Interpolation Matrix Triangularization Methods for Parametric Level Set-Based Structural Topology Optimization
Authors: Yang Chen-Dong , Feng Jian-Hu , Shen Ya-Dong
Published: May 2022

As an implementation form of basis function, interpolation matrices (IMs) have a crucial impact on parametric level set method (PLSM)-based structural topology optimization (STO). However, there are few studies on compressing IM into triangular matrix (TM) with less storage and computation. Algorithm using LU decomposition and Algorithm using innovative asymmetric basis functions that transform the IMs of compactly supported radial basis functions (CSRBFs) into highly sparse TMs are proposed. Theoretical derivation and numerical experiments show that they effectively improve computational efficiency.
Do You Feel It? The Relationship Between the Perceived Team Climate for Innovations and the Experience of Flow and Worry
Authors: Aichroth Laura Sophie , Nuszbaum Mandy , Campoy-Gómez Laura
Published: May 2022

This paper examines the relationship between the perceived team climate for innovations and the experience of flow and worry and the moderating effect of team size. The research contains a multi-organization dataset with 323 software product development team members. The results show that the perceived climate for innovation is significantly positively related to the experience of flow and worry. However, the findings did not support the moderation with no differences in working in smaller or larger teams. This study indicates that the perceived climate for innovations positively relates to positive and negative individual effects without the importance of team size.
Nonmetricity on Riemann–Cartan–Weyl manifold: Its physical and mathematical meaning and application
Authors: Hirano Mitsuhiro , Nagahama Hiroyuki
Published: May 2022

The physical meaning and mathematical meaning of nonmetricity on Weyl manifold and the application of dual affine connection for it are discussed. In viewpoint from affine connection, Weyl 1-form in Weyl manifold is recognized as nonmetricity and causes scale change with conformal invariance under parallel transport. On manifolds expressing spacetime and material space, Weyl 1-form is equivalent to the extra coupling field to field expressed as Riemannian manifold, protruding from Riemannian manifold. The scale change with conformal invariance corresponds to the similar change in the magnitude of the field with the volumetric distortion of each manifold. Weyl 1-form is the change rate of volume element (scale) in Riemannian manifold. Therefore, nonmetricity in Weyl manifold is defined as expansion or contraction rate as similar volumetric distortion due to the extra coupled field. The volumetric distortion as nonmetricity on Riemannian manifold can be canceled out by setting dual affine connection on Riemann–Cartan–Weyl manifold, which is used in statistical manifold. Moreover, the role of nonmetricity in modified gravity theory in the framework of symmetric teleparallel manifold and the meaning of nonmetricity on statistical manifold are discussed based on this concept.
Integrable couplings of two expanded non-isospectral soliton hierarchies and their bi-Hamiltonian structures
Authors: Wang Zhenbo , Wang Haifeng
Published: May 2022

Starting from two matrix spectral problems associated with the real special orthogonal Lie algebra [Formula: see text], two non-isospectral hierarchies of Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur (AKNS) type and Kaup–Newell (KN) type are constructed. In addition, we enlarge the two spectral problems and then obtain non-isospectral [Formula: see text] integrable couplings of AKNS type and KN type by solving the expanded non-isospectral zero curvature equation. We find that the obtained four hierarchies have the bi-Hamiltonian structure of the combined form. It follows that all equations in the resulting soliton hierarchy are integrable in the sense of Liouville.
Measurement of the Correlation Degree between Rural Family Fertility Willingness and the Development of China’s Labor Original Equipment Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Li Liangshan
Published: May 2022

At present, China is facing problems such as the decline of fertility rate, gender imbalance, serious aging, and the reduction of youth and working population, which will have an adverse impact on the long-term development of social economy. Based on the literature review, combined with China’s financial family data, combined with the innovative calculation model of the correlation between rural family fertility willingness and labor original equipment manufacturing (OEM) industrial development, through the empirical analysis of rural families, this paper investigates the relationship between fertility willingness and the development and endogeneity of labor OEM industry and finds that female labor participation has a significant negative impact on the number of children in rural families. Spouse labor participation has a negative effect on the number of children in rural families. The regression coefficient of women’s willingness to have two children for career development is significant and negative (

c

1

=
−
0.181
,
P
=
−
0.003
<
0.01

), and that of women’s family status is significant and negative (

c

1

=
−
0.998
,
P
=
0.031
<
0.01

). The relative opportunity cost of birth of individual operators is more concentrated in the range of 50%–80%. The results show that the development of labor OEM industry is significantly influenced by the fertility willingness of rural families. This paper concludes that differentiated policies and measures should be taken according to the type of industrial promotion.
The Relationship between Expression of Nuclear Factor I and the Progressive Occurrence of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Wang Han , Sun Yufei , Ma Guixin , Ke Dingxin , Zeng Zhou , Zhang Xianjuan , Zhang Wanming
Published: May 2022

The loss of nuclear factor I (NFI) function can lead to defects in Muller’s glial differentiation, abnormalities of retinal morphology, and changes in retinal neurons numbers, which are highly involved in diabetic retinopathy (DR). In this study, we addressed the roles of NFIA and NFIB gene expression in the development of DR by using diabetes mellitus (DM) rat models. Retinal histologies were examined, and the expression of NFIA and NFIB at mRNA and protein levels was detected. The results showed that retinal edema and disordered cell arrangement frequently occurred in DR rats. The expressions of NFIA and NFIB in retinal tissue were significantly decreased in DM rats with DR complications. After further inhibiting the expression of NFIA gene in DM rats by using RNA-silencing, majority of DM rats occurred retinopathy and lens fibrosis, which indicated the relationship between decreased expression of NFI and occurrence of retinopathy in DM.
Research on Optimization and Allocation of English Teaching Resources
Authors: Liu Chongya , Xia Jue
Published: May 2022

To rationally allocate teaching resources in English teaching, a teaching resource optimization and allocation management method is proposed based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) and Arduino device. By constructing a 9-layer CNN classification and recognition model and the English education resource library of the Arduino device and applying them to the recognition program design of the Arduino device, the rational optimization and allocation of teaching resources are realized. Simulation results show that the recognition accuracy of the proposed method is over 90% for Arduino devices, and the recognition accuracy is over 80% for real English teaching scenarios, which means that the proposed method has a certain practical application value. Moreover, the interaction mode between English learners and English teaching resources is innovated, which contributes to the optimization and allocation of English teaching resources. Thus a new idea is generated to integrate the English teaching resources.
Influence Factors and Policy Analysis of Small and Microenterprises’ Sustainable Development: Empirical from Zhejiang
Authors: Wu Pengyue , Zhou Huijie
Published: May 2022

The sustainable development of enterprises is the driving force of national economic growth. The main objectives of this paper are to find what are all the influencing factors of enterprise sustainable development, how to produce the influence, and how to carry out effective strategy combination. This paper investigates 321 enterprises and analyzes their financial data from the aspects of market, internal management, industry, scale, products, and innovation ability. We find that fixed assets, information management level, and the overall quality of employees have the best driving force, reaching 0.132, 0.195, and 0.874, respectively. Enterprises also put more efforts on the improvement of internal management level and the expansion of industrial chain, which were 0.3778 and 0.2138, respectively. As far as the government's strategy of supporting and promoting tax policy is concerned, tax policy has a good independent impact, but when combined with other indicators, the impact effect is not significant. This shows that the promotion efficiency of the policy is low, and the applicability and pertinence need to be optimized. In addition, the promotion effect of innovation investment on sustainable development is poor, which shows that the innovation efficiency of small and microenterprises in Zhejiang Province is not high, and the ability to transform innovation resources into innovation output is insufficient.
Application of Artificial Intelligence System Based on Wireless Sensor Network in Enterprise Management
Authors: Li Kefeng
Published: May 2022

With the improvement of the ability to acquire natural information, wireless sensor networks also need to transmit corresponding information in terms of collecting information. Wireless sensor nodes have great application prospects as a key component of wireless sensors. Therefore, different wireless sensors play an important decisive role in the operation of wireless network applications. With the continuous development of wireless sensor networks, existing wireless sensor network nodes exhibit limitations and shortcomings such as inflexible structure, low variability, and low versatility. Specifically, the learning and neural networks obtained by different artificial intelligence expert systems in computing technology are different. On the one hand, it can meet the needs of users for information systems to a certain extent, and on the other hand, it can also help accelerate the development of computer science. At present, the new generation of information technology industry is listed in the seven emerging strategic industries of the country. The new cloud computing technology has gradually expanded to important corporate governance capabilities in terms of information technology. The intelligent application of cloud computing technology replaces traditional enterprise management technology. Efficiency management and risk management can improve the quality and business capabilities of the entire enterprise, improve system applications according to the actual situation of the enterprise, improve system applications, and implement health and the sustainable development of the enterprise, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the computer technology industry.
Water Allocation Optimization and Environmental Planning with Simulated Annealing Algorithms
Authors: Cheng Dongling
Published: May 2022

Because of the continuous deterioration of water environment, it is ensured that the basic water demand of ecological environment is the key task of water resources utilization and control in China. In view of the uneven distribution of domestic water resources “more in the South and less in the north, more in the East and less in the west,” it is very necessary to optimize the allocation of water resources. This paper aims to optimize the allocation of water resources through simulated annealing algorithm (SAA), hoping to optimize the allocation of water resources through diversion, water intake, and storage measures such as pipelines. Based on this, this paper proposes an improved SAA pipeline construction algorithm. Aiming at the distribution of water sources in the Yangtze River Basin, the algorithm is used to optimize the objective function path to solve the unbalanced problem of rich and lack of regional water resources. And after optimizing the annealing simulation algorithm, the simulation optimization ability is significantly improved. Experiments show that the improved SAA can improve the optimal configuration by more than 50% and up to 96%, indicating that the improved algorithm has a more stable optimization planning function for the optimization of objectives and can often get a more perfect route.
Kannan Nonexpansive Mappings on Nakano Sequence Space of Soft Reals with Some Applications
Authors: Bakery Awad A. , Mohammed Mustafa M.
Published: May 2022

We developed the operators ideal in this article by extending

s

-soft reals and a particular space of sequences with soft real numbers. The criteria necessary for the Nakano sequence space of soft real numbers given with the definite function to be prequasi Banach and closed are investigated. This space’s (

R

) and normal structural features are illustrated. Fixed points have been introduced for Kannan contraction and nonexpansive mapping. Finally, we investigate whether the Kannan contraction mapping has a fixed point in the prequasi operator ideal with which it is linked. By examining some real-world instances and their applications, it is demonstrated that there exist solutions to nonlinear difference equations.
Ultrashort Hydraulic Retention Time of Aeration and Nonaeration Constructed Wetlands for a Large Volume of Primary-Treated Wastewater from a Medical Rubber Glove Factory
Authors: Na-Ayuthaya Worasit P. , Wongsontam Krirk , Sangvichien Napimporn , Khaenamkaew Panya
Published: May 2022

A substantial volume of primary-treated wastewater from a medical rubber glove factory caused public freshwater to become sewage. The ultrashort hydraulic retention time in constructed wetlands was urgently employed for wastewater remediation. Pilot-scale, aeration, and nonaeration horizontal surface flow constructed wetlands (HSFCWs) with emergent plants were designed, compared, and optimized. Activated carbon, coconut shells, and oyster shells were subsequently transferred into a plastic basket as a substrate layer, while Typha angustifolia L. was used as an emergent plant. The experiments were conducted at a hydraulic retention time of 2, 4, 6, and 8 hr. per effluent recirculation. Sampling data were collected for each of the four effluent recirculations. The removal efficiencies of BOD, COD, FOG, TKN, TSS, TDS, EC, and salinity in the aeration HSFCWs were high—53.25, 67.28, 97.93, 78.93, 95.87, 87.52, 86.36, and 90.38%—at the first effluent recirculation of sampling, respectively, while the removal efficiencies in the nonaeration HSFCWs were also high—55.12, 57.38, 94.62, 83.10, 95.95, 88.09, 89.54, and 93.46%, respectively. Increasing the hydraulic retention time increased removal efficiencies. The removal efficiency of BOD in aerated HSFCWs was higher than in nonaerated HSFCWs in the second effluent recirculation of sampling. This is because the oxygen supplied by aeration in the system increased the organic and inorganic pollutant removal efficiencies. Other pollutants were removed more effectively during the second effluent recirculation. Excluding BOD and COD, Duncan’s multiple test revealed that the number of effluent recirculations for removal efficiencies of FOG, TKN, TSS, TDS, EC, and salinity was nonsignificant at the

p
≤
0.001

level. These findings led to optimization of the medical rubber glove wastewater treatment at an ultrashort hydraulic retention time of 2–4 hr. This process and the control of CWs may be the best industrial wastewater treatment practice and a long-term solution for the industrial sector.
Performance and Emission Analysis of Watermelon Seed Oil Methyl Ester and n-Butanol Blends Fueled Diesel Engine
Authors: Bhanu Teja N. , Ganeshan P. , Mohanavel V. , Karthick Alagar , Raja K. , Krishnasamy Krishnakumar , Muhibbullah M.
Published: May 2022

The impact of n-butanol, a next-generation biofuel, with watermelon methyl ester in a constant-speed diesel engine was analyzed. Methyl ester from watermelon seed oil is considered to be a promising alternative source to the standard diesel due to similar characterization. The n-butanol additive was added in small proportions as an oxygenated fuel for reducing emissions, improving thermal efficiency, and accelerating the combustion process. N-Butanol is blended with watermelon methyl ester in the form of emulsions in two different proportions (5% and 10% volume basis). Experiments were conducted with three different emulsions fuels, WME20, W20Bu5D75, and W20Bu10D70, and compared vis-à-vis standard diesel. Investigations revealed that the addition of n-butanol as an enhancer with WME20 improved characteristics owing to its inherent nature of oxygen content. The blending of WME with n-butanol improves brake thermal efficiency when compared to WME20 and slightly matches with standard diesel. The max BTE was recorded 32.79% for WME20Bu10D70 at the crest load. The peak BSFC was 0.26 kg/kWh for W20Bu10D70 at the crest load. The emissions such as CO, smoke opacity, and HC were significantly reduced, vis-à-vis diesel, and the oxides of nitrogen (NOX) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were decreased, relative to WME20. The maximum EGT was 354.98°C for W20Bu10D70 at the crest load. The peak CO emissions were 0.078% for W20Bu5D75 at the crest load. The blending of n-butanol with WME20 reduces the ignition delay while the combustion duration increases with an increase at full load conditions. The emulsion fuels tested in an unmodified engine did no negative impact on the engine stability.
The Race for ACE: Targeting Angiotensin-Converting Enzymes (ACE) in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Schieffer Elisabeth , Schieffer Bernhard
Published: May 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is spreading around the world, and its clinical manifestation COVID-19 is challenging medical, economic, and social systems. With more and more scientific and social media reports on the COVID-19 pandemic appearing, differences in geographical presentations and clinical management occur. Since ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) is the gatekeeper receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the upper bronchial system, we here focus on the central role of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) in the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, the role of pharmacological RAAS inhibitors, and specific genetic aspects, i.e., single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) for the clinical outcome of COVID-19. We aimed to bring together clinical, epidemiological, molecular, and pathophysiological and pharmacological data/observations on cardiovascular aspects in the actual SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic. In detail, we will report controversies about the Yin-Yan between ACE2 and ACE1 and potential implications for the treatment of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. Here, we summarize the encouraging and dynamic global effort of multiple biomedical disciplines resulted in astonishing fight against COVID-19 targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, yet the race for ACE just begun.
Metalized Plastic Waste Fiber Effects on Green Concrete Beams Mechanical Performance
Authors: Safayenikoo Hamed
Published: May 2022

In a year, millions of forms of plastic are produced, and approximately, half of the generated plastics are used once only. Incorrect and insufficient management of these waste materials causes adverse effects on the nature of the soil, water, humans, and animals’ life. One type of waste plastic is metalized plastic waste (MPW), which is used mainly in different types of food packaging productions, and there is no appropriate technology for reusing it all over the world. In this paper, the effect of MPW as a fiber by 0.5% and 1% on compressive, flexural load capacity, and toughness of green concrete containing 7.5% and 15% silica fume or natural zeolite in Oman Sea tidal zone environment at 28, 90, and 180 days was investigated. The results indicate that by adding the MPW fiber, the compressive strength and maximum flexural load capacity of green concrete were decreased 25% and 15%, respectively. Meanwhile, the effect of MPW fiber on concrete containing 15% silica fume was greater than 7.5% silica fume concrete. Flexural toughness of natural zeolite concrete containing 0.5% MPW fiber was up to 510.9% greater than the observed one. Moreover, the toughness of green concrete containing 1% MPW fiber and zeolite was up to 35% greater than 0.5% MPW concrete. Meanwhile, the effect of MPW fiber on flexural toughness of concrete containing 15% natural zeolite was greater than 7.5% natural zeolite concrete.
Design of Cigarette QR Code Decoding System Based on STM32
Authors: Haoran Zhu , Hao Chen , Taicheng Wei
Published: May 2022

This paper mainly studies the design method of the hardware and software of the cigarette strip QR code decoding based on STM32 microprocessor. This paper expounds the principle of hardware circuit design with STM32F407 microprocessor as the core, analyzes the steps of analyzing the QR code decoding algorithm based on the modular programming idea of C language, and analyzes the result of cigarette-bar QR code decoding. The results of field application show that the system can meet the design requirements of cigarette QR code decoding and improve the recognition rate of two-dimensional code, which has high application value.
Intelligent Evaluation of Product Form Design Based on Deep Neural Network Model
Authors: Wang Shaoyun , Wu Qiang
Published: May 2022

In order to evaluate the product morphological design, a method of applying BP neural network to evaluate the product morphological design is proposed based on the analysis of the principle of artificial neural network. In such method, the advantages of the BP neural network with self-learning, self-organization, self-adaptation, and nonlinear dynamic processing are applied to effectively evaluate the product morphological design. Specifically, 13 product morphological design solutions of the automotive evaluation data set are selected as samples, 15 out of 18 solutions are used to train the evaluation system, and the remaining 3 solutions are used to validate the trained system. The validation results show that the relative errors between the simulated and actual values are 3.6%, −1.7%, and 2.8%, respectively. Such results also show high accuracy and simultaneously can reflect the effectiveness of our proposed system for evaluating the design solutions.
Urban Llandscape Design and Maintenance Management Based on Multisource Big Data Fusion
Authors: Zhang Lizhong
Published: May 2022

Data modeling based on the fusion of data from multiple sources can improve modeling accuracy compared to a single data source. A new modular information fusion model based on genetic neural networks is designed for the urban landscape design process. A digital elevation model is created using an ordered sequence of numbers based on preprocessed sensor images. A 3D orthophoto is then obtained to generate a 3D landscape using an artificial parallax-assisted mechanism. The scale and resources of the regional landscape are described by the three-dimensional geometric dimension after data processing, and a modular landscape model with a clear subject is constructed. Finally, a genetic algorithm based on real number coding optimizes the initial weights of the neural network and selects suitable learning factors to train the neural network to complete the data fusion task and error analysis. The maintenance situation is analyzed by introducing a multifactor landscape maintenance evaluation method. The simulation results show that the fusion process of the above model is stable and the energy consumption of information fusion is low, which can promote the efficient construction of the landscape and has important application value for improving the landscape design and maintenance management.
Application of Adaptive Neural Network Algorithm Model in English Text Analysis
Authors: Hung Maosheng , Hsiao Meijin
Published: May 2022

Based on the existing optimization neural network algorithm, this paper introduces a simple and computationally efficient adaptive mechanism (adaptive exponential decay rate). By applying the adaptive mechanism to the Adadelta algorithm, it can be seen that AEDR-Adadelta acquires the learning rate dynamically and adaptively. At the same time, by proposing an adaptive exponential decay rate, the number and method of configuring hyperparameters can be reduced, and different learning rates can be effectively obtained for different parameters. The model is based on the encoder-decoder structure and adopts a dual-encoder structure. The transformer encoder is used to extract the context information of the sentence; the Bi-GRU encoder is used to extract the information of the source sentence; and the gated structure is used at the decoder side. The input information is integrated, and each part is matched with different attention mechanisms, which improves the model’s ability to extract and analyze relevant features in sentences. In order to accurately capture the coherence features in English texts, an improved subgraph matching algorithm is used to mine frequently occurring subgraph patterns in sentence semantic graphs, which are used to simulate the unique coherence patterns in English texts, and then analyze the overall coherence of English texts. According to the frequency of occurrence of different subgraph patterns in the sentence semantic graph, the subgraphs are filtered to generate frequent subgraph sets, and the subgraph frequency of each frequent subgraph is calculated separately. The overall coherence quality of English text is quantitatively analyzed by extracting the distribution characteristics of frequent subgraphs and the semantic values of subgraphs in the sentence semantic graph. According to the experimental results, the algorithm using the adaptive mechanism can reduce the error of the training set and the test set, improve the classification accuracy to a certain extent, and has a faster convergence speed and better text generalization ability. The semantic coherence diagnosis model of English text in this paper performs well in various tasks and has a good effect on improving the automatic correction system of English composition and providing reference for English teachers’ composition correction.
Analysis of Human Information Recognition Model in Sports Based on Radial Basis Fuzzy Neural Network
Authors: Li Tong , Ren Longfei , Yang Fangfang , Dang Zijun
Published: May 2022

In sports, because the movement of the human body is composed of the movements of the human limbs, and the complex and changeable movements of the human limbs lead to various and complicated movement modes of the entire human body, it is not easy to accurately track the human body movement. The recognition of human characteristic behavior belongs to a higher level computer vision topic, which is used to understand and describe the characteristic behavior of people, and there are also many research difficulties. Because the radial basis fuzzy neural network has the characteristics of parallel processing, nonlinearity, fault tolerance, self-adaptation, and self-learning, it has the advantage of high recognition efficiency when it is applied to the recognition of intersecting features and incomplete features. Therefore, this paper applies it to the analysis of the human body information recognition model in sports. The research results show that the human body information recognition model proposed in this paper has a high recognition accuracy and can detect the movement state of people in sports in real time and accurately.