bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Энергосбережение при строительстве спортивных комплексов
Authors: Павлов И.П.
Published: August 2023

В работе рассмотрены энергосберегающие технологии при подготовке ледовых покрытий на крытых катках. Разработана схема деаэрации, которая позволяет получить более плотный и гладкий лѐд.
Factors Related to Using Styrofoam Containers for Food Packaging
Authors: . Annissa , Eka Mathofani Puji , Suriani Sari , Sakinah Ati , Polwandari Feling
Published: August 2023

Styrofoam waste is included in the 5th largest category in the world. Plastic consumption in Indonesia is 17 kg per year. The amount of waste heap in Serang City is around 1625 m3/day. Taktakan Health Center occupies the 3rd largest waste producer in Serang City, and the waste increases every year. This study aims to determine the factors related to the using of styrofoam containers as food packaging for food vendors in the Taktakan Health Center, Serang City in 2020. This research used a quantitative analytic, cross-sectional study design. The population was 178 food sellers, and the sample size was 95 respondents with simple random sampling. The data collection was done using a questionnaire. For data analysis univariate and bivariate analysis with a Chi-square statistical test were used. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between knowledge (P-value = 0.001), availability of packaging (P-value = 0.043) and the use of styrofoam containers. Respondents with less knowledge had a risk of 4.694 times the possibility of using styrofoam. Suggestions for food sellers are to reduce the use of styrofoam containers for food packaging.
Keywords: attitude, availability of styrofoam, food packaging, knowledge
Implementation of 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitzuke) in Workers
Authors: Nurdiawati Ela , Jubaedi Ahmad , Afda Wada Alawia
Published: August 2023

The implementation of the 5S concept (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, dan Shitzuke) is one of the efforts to prevent accidents in the industry by making the work environment safe and comfortable. This research aims to analyze the implementation of 5S on workers. This study used a cross-sectional design with a total sample of 75 people. The results showed that 52% respondents applied the 5S concept well, 84% respondents were male, 76% respondents had new work period, 84% respondents had low education, 58.7% respondents had good knowledge, 92% respondents had a positive attitude, and 66.7% respondents had strong work motivation. The results of this research said that there was a correlation between gender (P-value = 0.007), and work period (P-value = 0.037) with the application of 5S to workers. The results of statistical tests also showed that there was no significant value between education level (P-value = 1,000), knowledge (P-value = 0.771), attitude (P-value = 0.099), and work motivation (P-value = 0.806) with the application of 5S to workers. Management needs to be more committed in implementing 5S by increasing supervision, making safety signs, and providing 5S training, especially for male workers and workers who have a long working period so that they can implement 5S properly.
Keywords: implementation of 5S, workers, work period
Factors Related to the Incident of Dyspepsia Syndrome
Authors: Rahayu Sri , . Sihombing , Eko Pertiwi Wiwik
Published: August 2023

Dyspepsia syndrome is heartburn, nausea, early satiety, vomiting, belching, a full stomach, and bloating. Factors that influence dyspepsia syndrome are age, gender, occupation, eating pattern, and stress levels. The study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of dyspepsia syndrome in the inpatient ward of Kencana Hospital Serang City in 2021. This study used a cross-sectional study design, and the data were analyzed bivariate with a Chi-square test approach. The study population were all patients in the internal medicine inpatient room as many as 57 people. The sample in this study is total sampling. Variables of age, gender, occupation, eating pattern were collected with questionnaire, stress levels used DASS questionnaire. The results showed that the variables of age (pv = 0.018), gender (pv = 0.035), occupation (pv = 0.008), and eating pattern (pv = 0.024) had a significant relationship with the incidence of dyspepsia syndrome, while the stress level variable had no relationship with the incidence of dyspepsia syndrome. It is expected to improve health services by providing health education to respondents who suffer from dyspepsia so that they can add information about dyspepsia for them.
Keywords: dyspepsia syndrome, eating pattern, stress level
The Effect of Giving Lemongrass Aromatherapy Oil and Love Lactation Massage on Breast Milk Production for PostPartum Mothers at Ciomas Health Center
Authors: Utami Subagio Sri , . Nurseha , Sundary Lintang Santi
Published: August 2023

The percentage of exclusive breastfeeding for infants 0-6 months in Banten province in 2019 was 64.4% in line with analysis data on stunting measurements in Ciomas subdistrict of 9.23%, which increased compared to 2020 which was 4.60%. Exclusive breastfeeding is an indicator of program coverage related to stunting that needs attention because the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding is only 31.56%. Seeing the milk production of post partum mothers who were given complementary therapies of love lactation massage and lemongrass aromatherapy. With a descriptive research design and a case study approach, the research samples were 2 postpartum mothers who were examined using an instrument using a questionnaire sheet on the adequacy of breast milk production before and after giving love lactation massage and lemongrass essential oil. Postpartum mothers who have low milk production after being given love lactation massage and lemongrass essential oil for 2 weeks with massage every morning experienced an increase in breast milk production based on 6 aspects that have been assessed, namely based on the mother’s condition about the condition of breast milk production and the condition of the baby who has been breastfed. There is an effect of giving love lactation massage and lemongrass essential oil for 4 weeks on the adequacy of breast milk. It is hoped that health workers can recommend love lactating massage and lemongrass essential oil aromatherapy to increase breast milk production in postpartum mothers.
Keywords: love lactation massage and lemongrass essential oil, post partum mothers, breast milk production
Cheese Whey Wastewater: Characterization and Value
Authors: Ana Estikomah Solikah , . Suranto , Susilowati Ari , Masykuri Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Cheese whey is the liquid that results from the coagulation of milk during cheese manufacture. To produce 1 kg of cheese, 10 L of milk is needed, originally 9 L of cheese whey and in case disposed of without treatment. It creates a significant problem for the environment. The research aims to find out the environmental impact and the potential of whey from Yogyakarta as a useful product. The materials used in the study used cheese whey from Cangkringan Yogjakarta. The parameters of the cheese wastewater were pH, BOD5, COD, TSS, TDS, NH3-H, and the physicochemical analyses targeted the protein, lactose, and fat, based on regulatory quality standards by the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 2014, concerning wastewater quality standards. The results show that TSS of 45,500 mg/L, pH of 5.9, BOD5 of 19,900 mg/L, COD of 90,000 mg/L, TDS 3440 mg/L, NH3-H 42,19 mg/L, protein 2.75%, lipid 0.054%, lactose, 4.1%. We can conclude that the value of BOD and COD, NH3-H in cheese wastewater does not contain good quality water, but on the other hand, whey had good potential for functional food ingredients indicated by protein, lipid, and lactose value. Due to its proven protein, lipid, and lactose value obtained in the study can be used as a functional food ingredient.
Keywords: pollution, cheese whey, wastewater
Investigação da carga térmica de resfriamento de uma edificação residencial multifamiliar por diferentes algoritmos de transferência de calor
Authors: Cecilio Silva Wesley , Andrade Duarte Matheus , Diniz Oliveira Raquel , Romagnoli Silveira  Lima Frederico
Published: August 2023

O consumo de eletricidade referente ao ar condicionado tem relação direta com a carga de calor a ser retirada conforme a capacidade de refrigeração definida para um local específico. Neste contexto, os algoritmos de transferência de calor empregados na estimativa de carga térmica de edifícios são relevantes para auxiliar a definição do sistema de climatização de ambientes. Este estudo objetivou investigar a variabilidade da potência de resfriamento de edificações residenciais, por meio da aplicação de diferentes combinações de algoritmos disponíveis na biblioteca do programa ©Energy Plus, para cálculo da convecção interna/externa e balanço de energia. Foram possíveis trinta combinações que foram organizadas em três grupos de acordo com os algoritmos de convecção interna. Para a verificação dos resultados realizou-se a Análise de Variância (ANOVA) e o teste de Kruskal Wallis, afim de identificar diferenças significativas nos dados obtidos. Por meio dos resultados dos testes conclui-se que existe entre os grupos organizados pelo menos uma diferença significativa. Complementarmente, realizou-se também o teste de PostHoc para avaliar em quais grupos as diferenças divergiam mais. Desta forma, a escolha do método numérico mostrou influência significativa na definição dos sistemas de climatização artificial das edificações. Em suma, como contribuição, o presente trabalho buscou demonstrar o peso da escolha de diferentes combinações de algoritmos na estimativa da carga térmica de resfriamento como forma de auxiliar o processo de tomada de decisão ao se definir os seus inputs de simulação
Projekt okoljske spremembe podpira ekološko tranzicijo v geografiji
Authors: Vovk Ana , Davidovič Danijel
Published: August 2023

V prispevku so zdruzena izhodisca Evropskega zelenega dogovora in digitalizacije Evrope, ki poudarjajo pomen trajnostnega nacina zivljenja na Zemlji in poudarjajo vlogo posameznika pri uresnicevanju individualne trajnostnosti. Kot poti za doseganje teh ciljev EU financno podpira stevilne projekte, katerih cilj je razviti ucna orodja (moduli, aplikacije) za izobrazevanje vseh ciljnih skupin preko formalnega in neformalnega pristopa. Kot primer predstavljamo projekt Okoljske spremembe, ki poteka na Filozofski fakulteti v Mariboru in kot rezultat ponuja sest okoljsko naravnanih modulov, ki so prvenstveno namenjeni izvajalcem izobrazevanj ter malim in srednje velikim podjetjem, da bi nadgradile trajnostne prakse. Izpostavljena je interdisciplinarna usmerjenost geografije, ki bi z vkljucevanjem dodatnih trajnostnih pristopov nadgradila pomen geografske znanosti v druzbi.
Numerical simulation of combustion in the chamberof a model low-thrust rocket engine operating on the gaseous oxygen–methane components
Authors: Fedotova K.V. , Kovalev K.E. , Vorozheeva O.A.
Published: August 2023

The paper provides numerical study of the working process in a model low-thrust rocket engine operating on the gaseous oxygen-methane components based on results of the preliminary computational analysis of the component supply system efficiency. Combustion of the oxygen-methane unprepared preliminary mixture was numerically simulated carried using the fast chemistry approaches, including eddy dissipation models (EDM), chemical equilibrium and flamelet. To describe the chemical processes occurring during combustion, the Westbrook and Dreyer quasi-global two-stage mechanism, the reduced Jones—Lindstedt kinetic mechanism with the Frassoldati corrections and the GRI Mech 3.0 mechanism were used. Calculations were performed in the two-dimensional and three-dimensional formulations of the gaseous oxygen and methane diffusion combustion. Results of the parametric study (concentration and temperature fields) are presented for the oxidizer excess coefficients of α = 0.7; 1; 1.2. It is shown that using a mathematical model based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations closed by the k—ω SST turbulence model, supplemented with the flamelet model based on the GRI Mech 3.0 mechanism taking into account the radiative heat transfer makes it possible to obtain satisfactory convergence with results of the experimental study and to qualitatively assess the workflow in this type of engine.
Prawo do urlopu wypoczynkowego pracownika tymczasowego
Authors: Krysiak Krzysztof
Published: August 2023

Uprawnienia urlopowe pracowników tymczasowych są istotnym zagadnieniem dotyczącym pracy tymczasowej. Normy dotyczące urlopu pracowników tymczasowych powinny odpowiadać normom wyższego rzędu – którymi są ratyfikowane umowy międzynarodowe, prawo unijne i normy zawarte w Konstytucji RP – i być z nimi zgodne. Artykuł porusza problematykę tej instytucji w porównaniu do pracowników modelowego zatrudnienia. Autor próbuje odpowiedzieć na pyta-nie o konieczność nowelizacji przepisów urlopowych dotyczących pracowników tymczasowych i zrównania ich praw w tym zakresie z pracownikami zatrudnionymi w ramach stosunku pracy. Jednocześnie zdaje sobie sprawę z tego, że nietypowość tej formy świadczenia pracy i jej zapotrzebowania powoduje z samej swej istoty zróżnicowanie, ale nie powinno ono być tak duże. Tym bardziej że prawo do wypoczynku stanowi podstawową zasadę prawa pracy, z którą omawiane zagadnienia nie powinny być sprzeczne. Ponadto autor próbuje zinterpretować zawiłe znaczenia pojęć, których ustawodawca nie zdefiniował. Zaprezentowane też zostały postulaty de lege ferenda przyszłych zmian, jakie powinny zajść w tym zakresie.
Skazani na przestępczość? Wykluczenie społeczne i reintegracja społeczna w doświadczeniu biograficznym byłych więźniów
Authors: Kacprzak Andrzej
Published: August 2023

Książka powstała w oparciu o wywiady biograficzne z byłymi i aktualnymi więźniami. Jej celem jest ukazanie procesualnego charakteru wykluczania społecznego osób z doświadczeniem pobytu/ów w więzieniu na różnych etapach biografii: przed trafieniem do więzienia i w trakcie odbywania kary, a także ich losów po opuszczeniu placówki. Książka analizuje całościowo wszystkie elementy związane z kwestiami społecznej reintegracji więźniów – włączając do niej wszystkie etapy życia i pokazując ich związek oraz wpływ na procesy odchodzenia od przestępczości i powrotu/ów do funkcjonowania w społeczeństwie. Książka jest adresowana zarówno do akademików reprezentujących takie dziedziny, jak socjologia, kryminologia, praca socjalna, pedagogika społeczna, polityka społeczna, jak również do praktyków zajmujących się profesjonalnym wspieraniem osób opuszczających zakłady karne. Książka obejmuje krytyczną analizę systemu resocjalizacji przestępców, który – jak wskazują prezentowane w niniejszym tomie analizy – reprodukuje przestępczość zamiast jej przeciwdziałać.
Effect of long-term carnosine/anserine supplementation on iron regulation after a prolonged running session
Authors: Hayashi Nanako , Nagastuka Haruna , Sato Mikako , Goto Kazushige
Published: August 2023

[Purpose] Exercise-induced hemolysis, which is caused by metabolic and/or mechanical stress during exercise, is considered a potential factor for upregulating hepcidin. Intramuscular carnosine has multiple effects including antioxidant activity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether long-term carnosine/anserine supplementation modulates exercise-induced hemolysis and subsequent hepcidin elevation.[Methods] Seventeen healthy male participants were allocated to two different groups: participants consuming 1,500 mg/day of carnosine/anserine supplements (n = 9, C+A group) and participants consuming placebo powder supplements (n = 8, PLA group). The participants consumed carnosine/anserine or placebo supplements daily for 30.7 ± 0.4 days. They performed an 80-running session at 70% VO2peak pre-and post-supplementation. Iron regulation and inflammation in response to exercise were evaluated.[Results] Serum iron concentrations significantly increased after exercise (p < 0.01) and serum haptoglobin concentrations decreased after exercise in both groups (p < 0.01). No significant differences in these variables were observed between pre-and post-supplementation. Serum hepcidin concentration significantly increased 180 min after exercise in both groups (p < 0.01). The integrated area under the curve of hepcidin significantly decreased after supplementation (p = 0.011) but did not vary between the C+A and PLA groups.[Conclusion] Long-term carnosine/anserine supplementation does not affect iron metabolism after a single endurance exercise session.
Розрахунок геометричних розмірів поверхні холодного катоду в джерелах електронів високовольтного тліючого розряду
Authors: Мельник Ігор Віталійович , Тугай Сергій Борисович , Швед Ірина С. , Скрипка М. Ю.
Published: August 2023

У статті запропоновано новий ітераційний алгоритм пошуку поперечного розміру холодного катода електронних гармат високовольтного тліючого розряду, оснований на формуванні нелінійного рівняння для функціональної залежності розміру катода від струму розряду та на розв’язуванні цього рівняння з використанням ітераційного методу Стеффенсона. Відмінною рисою запропонованого методу розрахунку є врахування залежності струму високовольтного тліючого розряду від положення плазмової межі. Для отримання відповідного нелінійного рівняння використана наближена теорія одномірного розрядного проміжку та відоме положення теорії розряду про те, що анодна плазма займає відповідний об’єм, який визначають концентрацією заряджених частинок, незалежно від геометрії електродної системи. Обґрунтовані геометричні параметри електронної системи високовольтного тліючого розряду зі сферичними катодом та порожнистим анодом, а також введені обмеження на систему параметрів, які задовольняють вимогам повноти, несуперечливості та зімкненості. На основі числового аналізу процесу збіжності запропонованого ітераційного алгоритму показано, що у разі виконання обмежень на введену систему параметрів, збіжність методу зазвичай забезпечується. Проведено порівняння результатів розрахунків поперечного розміру катода гармат високовольтного тліючого розряду з експериментальними даними. Результати порівняльного аналізу показали, що у разі використання запропонованого ітераційного алгоритму відмінність розрахунків відносно експериментальних даних не перевищує кількох відсотків. Результати проведених досліджень та запропонований ітераційний метод розрахунку поперечного розміру холодного катода гармат високовольтного тліючого розряду мають велике практичне значення та можуть бути безпосередньо використані на початковому етапі проектування газорозрядних гармат для оцінки їхніх технологічних можливостей.
Central Bank Digital Currencies and the Formation of a Common Financial Market of the EAEU Countries
Authors: Krivogouz M.
Published: August 2023

The author examines the international experience in the development and use of the Central bank digital currencies (CBDC) – a new form of the officially distributed national currencies. The conclusion is made that in order to establish the Eurasian Economic Union’s common financial market it is necessary to develop national digital currencies on the basis of the unified technical and regulatory standards.
Iron Deficiency in Pregnancy: A Brief Review
Authors: Yusuf Zarau Uba , Isaac Dibal Nathan , Chiroma Musa Samaila
Published: August 2023

This paper highlights iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy; its prevalence, causes, screening, and management. Iron deficiency is a spectrum that ranges from iron depletion to iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency is the most common and leading cause of anaemia in pregnancy both in developed and underdeveloped countries. The incidence of iron deficiency anaemia varies worldwide depending on differences in race, socioeconomic factors, nutritional status, health condition, and the frequency of parasitic illnesses. Untreated Iron deficiency has significant adverse foetal and maternal consequences.  The management of iron deficiency anaemia includes education regarding dietary modification, specifically ways to enhance iron absorption and iron supplementation. Although oral supplementation is typically the mainstay of treatment, more severe cases of iron deficiency anaemia may require intravenous supplementation.
Proposed Solution to the Quantum Randi Challenge
Authors: Mardari Ghenadie
Published: August 2023

The quantum Randi challenge is an invitation to violate Bell’s inequality with a programmable (transparent and reproducible) sequence of local events. This is widely perceived as impossible, given Bell’s Theorem. However, mathematical proofs can be correct without universal validity, as seen in the case of Euclidean geometry. Is Bell’s Locality Criterion inclusive enough to account for all the local phenomena? It is well known that Bell-type inequalities apply to jointly distributed variables, meaning that they hold for events that can be recorded at the same time. Yet, some physical qualities are mutually exclusive. They only become observable at different times. Accordingly, pairwise detections in a narrow window of coincidence – but not at the same exact time – allow for maximal Bell violations (S=4 for the CHSH inequality), without room for doubt about the local nature of the process.
Big data reveals the change characteristics of 64 hexagrams and lines
Authors: Zheng Xinqi , Cao Yang
Published: August 2023

Chinese divination of I Ching has a history of thousands of years. The six lines changes in 64 hexagrams have exceeded one billion scenarios, and the inherent laws among them have not been well revealed to this day. By using big data's technology and coin toss method, this paper simulates the change of 64 hexagrams, and explores the probability and proportion of each hexagram during the change from the perspective of quantification, as well as the maximum and minimum conversion rate of hexagram change. This paper summarizes the basic characteristics and the basic law of hexagram change, and accordingly constructs the spatial form of hexagram change, and reveals the hidden secrets of the ancient Book of changes (I Ching). To achieve this goal, we randomly toss three coins 600 million times to generate 100 million hexagrams. According to the basic rules of hexagram divination, we calculate the hexagram changes. The results showed that: (1) Changes of things are mostly simple changes. The probability of 1 billion randomly generated hexagrams from one to three dynamic lines is close to 80%. (2) About 17% of the 64 hexagrams have no dynamic lines, which means that a significant proportion of the 64 hexagrams are invariant. (3) Small probability changing hexagram certainty and large probability changing hexagram uncertainty. (4) After generating one billion hexagrams at random, the topographic map with the probability of changing hexagrams has axial symmetry and fractal geometric characteristics, and the fractal characteristics are mainly manifested in that the changes on both sides of the symmetry are presented based on the triangle background. These results reflect the obvious characteristics and internal regularity of the changes in the 64 hexagrams of the I Ching. This article provides new ideas for scientific exploration of the internal laws of the 64 hexagrams in the I Ching.
Investigations for a Yarrowia Based Biorefinery: In Vitro Proof of Concept for Manufacturing Sweetener, Cosmetic Ingredient, and Bioemulsifier
Authors: Eszterbauer Edina , Németh Áron
Published: August 2023

Yarrowia lipolytica is a widely used microorganism in biotechnology since it is capable of producing a wide range of products. A less studied related strain is Y. divulgata, which is also capable of erythritol production in even higher concenctration then most Y. lipolytica wild strains. Thus the aim of this work was to investigate Y. divulgata’s complex utilisation based on erythritol fermentation to establish a Yarrowia based biorefinery in which both the fermentation broth and separated cells are utilised in high-value products. An important parameter of erythritol fermentation is the adequate oxygen level, so the effect of it was investigated in baffled flasks and fermentor as well. Furthermore, we measured the cosmetic applicability of cell lysates and the efficiency of biodetergent produced during erythritol fermentation. The results were showed that Yarrowia divulagata NCAIM 1485 strain could produce relative high amount of erythritol (44.14±1 g/l) under adequate oxygen supply while its cell lysate could exert good skin moisturizing effect. In all cases, the collected samples had emulsification index above 50% of which stability was also high, above 50% even after 24 hours.Therefore, it can be considered as an effective bioemulsifier. In conclusion, the erythritol fermentation of Y. divulgata is suitable for complex utilisation in a biorefinery, since the fermentation broth can be used for isolation of sweetener and bioemulsifier, meanwhile the cells can be processed for cosmetic application as skin moisturizer.
A Standardized Bioflavonoid Composition Mitigated Acute Inflammatory Lung Injury and Reduced Mortality through HMGB1 Reduction
Authors: Yimam Mesfin , Horm Teresa , O'neal Alexandria , Jiao Ping , Hong Mei , Brownell Lidia , Jia Qi , Lin Mosi , Gauthier Alex , Wu Jiaqi , Venkat Mateti Kranti , Yang Xiaojian , Dial Katelyn , Zefi Sidorela , Mantell Lin L.
Published: August 2023

HMGB1 is a key late inflammatory mediator upregulated during air pollution-induced oxidative stress. Extracellular HMGB1 accumulation in the airways and lungs plays significant roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung injury. Decreasing extracellular HMBG1 level may restore innate immune cell functions to protect the lungs from harmful injuries. Current therapies for air-pollution induced respiratory problems are inadequate. Dietary antioxidants from natural sources could serve as a frontline defense for air pollution-induced oxidative stress lung damage. Here, a standardized bioflavonoid antioxidant composition from Scutellaria baicalensis and Acacia catechu was evaluated for its efficacy in attenuating acute inflammatory lung injury and sepsis induced by oxidative stress and endotoxemia. Murine hyperoxia-exposed, bacterial-challenged acute lung injury, LPS-induced sepsis, and LPS-induced acute inflammatory lung injury models were utilized in vivo. Effect of the bioflavonoid composition on phagocytic activity and HMGB1 release was assessed using hyperoxia-stressed macrophages in vitro. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining for lung tissue damage evaluation, ELISA for inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, western blot analysis for protein and HMGB1 as well as bacterial counts in the lung and airways have been performed. Statistically significant decrease in mortality (50%), reduced proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and chemokines (CINC-3) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage, increased bacterial clearance of airways and lungs; reduced airway total protein, and extracellular HMGB1 were observed in vivo. A statistically significant 75.9% reduction in the level of HMGB1 and increased phagocytosis activity were also observed in vitro. The compilation of data in this report strongly suggest that the bioflavonoid composition could be indicated for oxidative stress induced lung damage protection possibly through attenuation of extracellular HMGB1.
Evaluation of the Calcined Aggregate from Mining Residue for Use in Pavement
Authors: Friber Marcio Aurelio , Guimarães Antonio Carlos Rodrigues , Martins Camila Antunes , Soares Jefferson Santos
Published: August 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility of using a calcined aggregate with mining residue in different pavement layers, including base, sub-base, and wearing course. For this purpose, the physical characterization of the residue and clay was performed, as well as the production of calcined aggregates at temperatures ranging from 800ºC to 1100ºC. Additionally, the suitability of these aggregates in pavement layers was assessed, considering the current standards. The physical results characterization indicated that the studied clay is suitable for manufacturing calcined clay aggregates since the particle size distribution showed ceramic potential - according to the Winkler diagram - and presented a plasticity index (PI) higher than 15%. In the tests of boiling-induced mass loss and unit mass, the values obtained were within the limits established by the standards, being lower than 10% and 0.88 g/cm3, respectively. Regarding the abrasion loss test, the M1100 aggregate showed "Los Angeles" abrasion values lower than the limit established by the standard, demonstrating its potential as an artificial aggregate in pavement applications.
Single Shot 3D Incoherent Imaging Using Deterministic and Random Optical Fields with Lucy-Richardson-Rosen Algorithm
Authors: Ignatius Xavier Agnes Pristy , Arockiaraj Francis Gracy , Gopinath Shivasubramanian , John Francis Rajeswary Aravind Simon , Kumar Reddy Andra Naresh , A. Ganeev Rashid , M Scott Arockia Singh , S. D Milling Tania , Anand Vijayakumar
Published: August 2023

Coded aperture 3D imaging techniques have been rapidly evolving in the recent years. The two main directions of evolution are in aperture engineering to generate the optimal optical field and in development of computational reconstruction to reconstruct the object’s image from the intensity distribution with a minimal noise. The goal is to find the ideal aperture-reconstruction method pair and if not, to optimize one to match the other for designing an imaging system with required 3D imaging characteristics. Lucy-Richardson-Rosen algorithm (LR2A), a recently developed computational reconstruction method was found to perform better than its predecessors such as matched filter, Weiner filter, phase-only filter, Lucy-Richardson algorithm and non-linear reconstruction (NLR) for certain apertures when the point spread function (PSF) is a real and symmetric function. For other cases of PSF, NLR performed better than the rest of the methods. In this tutorial, LR2A has been presented as a generalized approach for any optical field along with MATLAB codes for reconstruction of any image when the PSF is known. The common problems and pitfalls in using LR2A has been discussed. Simulation and experimental studies for common optical fields such as spherical, Bessel, vortex beams and exotic optical fields such as Airy, scattered and self-rotating beams have been presented. From this study, it can be seen that it is possible to transfer the 3D imaging characteristics from non-imaging type exotic fields to indirect imaging systems faithfully using LR2A. The application of LR2A to medical images such as colonoscopy images and cone beam computed tomography images with synthetic PSF has been demonstrated. We believe that the tutorial will provide a deeper understanding of computational reconstruction using LR2A.
LightGBM and SVM algorithms for Predicting Synthetic Load Profiles Using a Non-Intrusive Approach
Authors: Mpofu Khumbulani , Adenuga Olukorede Tijani , Popoola Olawale M , Mathebula And Abel
Published: August 2023

Due to related uncertainties brought by changes in energy consumption and the integration of rooftop photovoltaic systems, the accuracy and availability of load profiling data are difficult to achieve. However, project managers and planners use a precise load profile as a crucial tool when determining whether the feeder must be updated or de-loaded. The paper aims to create a non-intrusive monitoring system that predicts the synthetic load profiles behavior of energy consumption using a Light Gradient Boosted and Support Vector Machine (SVM) machine learning technique. The most effective ML algorithm is chosen, and it has the potential to be assessed and verified using validation curves, residuals model generation, and prediction error metrics based on the following key statistical indicators: Mean Absolute Error, Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Error, R-Square, Root Mean Squared Logarithmic Error, and Mean Absolute Percentage Error. The most effective ML has the potential to be assessed and verified using validation curves, residual model generation, and prediction error metrics based on the following key statistical indicators. The result shows that the estimation of the Irms avg -based on LightGBM is more accurate than the SVM because of its quick, economical, and difficult to overfit, particularly with high-dimensional data, speed, and efficiency of the MAE (3.0698), MSE (15.2757), RMSE (3.9020), RMSLE (0.1433), and MAPE (0.0049) respectively. Additionally, the machine learning model shows that, when compared to the SVM, the LightGBM model had the highest accurate prediction, with R-Square values of 89.8%, 90.3%, and 88.5% for Irms_A_avg, Irms_B_avg, and Irms_C_avg, respectively for Brakfontein Substation supply region, and best represents a diverse customer base.
Rabbits as Animal Models for Anti-tick Vaccine Development: A Global Scenario
Authors: Rodríguez-Durán Arlex , Ullah Shafi , Parizi Luís Fernando , Ali Abid , Da Silva Vaz Junior Itabajara
Published: August 2023

Studies evaluating candidate tick-derived proteins as anti-tick vaccines in natural hosts have been limited due to high costs. To overcome this problem, animal models are used in immunization tests. The aim of this article was to review the use of rabbits as an experimental model for the evaluation of tick-derived proteins as vaccines. A total of 57 tick proteins have been tested for their immunogenic potential using rabbit as model for vaccination. The most commonly used rabbit breeds were New Zealand (73.8%), Japanese white (19%), Californians (4.8%) and Flemish lop-eared rabbit (2.4%). Anti-tick vaccines efficacy resulted in up to 99.9%. Haemaphysalis longicornis (17.9%) and Ornithodoros moubata (12.8%) were the most common tick model in vaccination trials. Experiments in rabbits have revealed that some proteins (CoAQP, OeAQP, OeAQP1, Bm86, GST-Hl, 64TRP, serpins and voraxin) can induce immune responses against various tick species. In addition, in some cases it was possible to determine that the vaccine efficacy in rabbits was similar to experiments performed in natural hosts (e.g. Bm86, IrFER2, RmFER2, serpins and serine protease inhibitor). In conclusion, results have shown that prior to performing anti-tick vaccination trials using natural hosts, rabbits can be used as suitable experimental models for these studies
A Systematic Study on Layer-Level Multi-Material Fabrication of Parts by Laser-Powder Bed Fusion Process
Authors: Angelastro Andrea , Posa Paolo , Errico Vito , Campanelli Sabina Luisa
Published: August 2023

In this work, a systematic study was conducted on the fabrication of multi-material components obtained employing Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) technology. The idea of making multi-material components is a winning capability of additive technologies because it allows the fabrication of Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) with the customization of parts according to different required properties. The transition from one material to another was achieved gradually and continuously within the same layer using ad-hoc equipment designed for L-PBF systems with a powder spreading technique based on coaters or rollers. The influence of the relative position of the different materials within the powder chamber and the geometry of the developed equipment on the metallurgical and mechanical properties of the manufactured samples was evaluated. The performed tests involved the use of two materials, a nickel-based superalloy, and a stainless steel, having different chemical, physical and mechanical properties to obtain gradual properties variation in the manufactured samples. Based on the results of post-process characterization obtained through metallographic, chemical, and mechanical analysis, the relative positions of the materials and the geometry of the developed equipment have a limited effect on the sample’s manufactured properties. The characteristics of the FGM zone depend on the nature of the employed powders, and its extent coincides with that defined during the design of the divider.
An Effective Near-Field to Far-Field Transformation with Planar Spiral Scanning for Flat Antennas under Test
Authors: Bevilacqua Florindo , D’Agostino Francesco , Ferrara Flaminio , Gennarelli Claudio , Guerriero Rocco , Migliozzi Massimo , Riccio Giovanni
Published: August 2023

Goal of this article is to provide the numerical and experimental assessments of an effective near-field to far-field transformation (NF–FF T) technique with planar spiral scanning for flat antennas under test (AUTs), which requires a non-redundant, i.e. minimum, amount of NF measurements. This technique has its roots in the theory of non-redundant sampling representations of electromagnetic fields and has been devised by suitably applying the unified theory of spiral scans for non-volumetric antennas to the case in which the considered AUT is modeled by a circular disk having its radius equal to one half the AUT maximum dimension. It makes use of a 2-D optimal sampling interpolation (OSI) formula to accurately determine the massive NF data required by the classical plane-rectangular NF–FF T technique from the non-redundant ones gathered along the spiral. It must be emphasized that, when considering flat AUTs, the developed transformation allows to further and significantly save measurement time as compared to that needed by the previously developed NF–FF T techniques with planar spiral scans based on the quasi-planar antennas modelings, because the number of turns of the spiral and that of NF data to be acquired depend somehow on the area of the modeling surface. The reported numerical simulations assess the accuracy of the proposed NF–FF T technique, whereas the experimental tests prove its practical feasibility.
Defect Recognition in Ballastless Track Structures Based on Distributed Acoustic Sensors
Authors: Meng He , Qing Wang , Qu Jiantao
Published: August 2023

Defect recognition in ballastless track structures, based on distributed acoustic sensors (DASs), was researched in order to improve detection efficiency and ensure the safe operation of trains on high-speed railways. A line in southern China was selected, and equipment was installed and debugged to collect the signals of trains and events along it. Track vibration signals were extracted by identifying a train track, denoising, framing and labeling to build a defect dataset. Time–frequency-domain statistical features, wavelet packet energy spectra and the MFCCs of vibration signals were extracted to form a multi-dimensional vector. An XGBoost model was trained and its accuracy reached 89.34%. A time-domain residual network (ResNet) that would expand the receptive field and test the accuracies obtained from convolution kernels of different sizes was proposed, and its accuracy reached 94.82%. In conclusion, both methods showed good performance with the built dataset. Additionally, the ResNet delivered more effective detection of DAS signals compared to conventional feature engineering methods.
A Global Forecasting Approach to Large-Scale Crop Production Prediction with Time Series Transformers
Authors: Ibañez Sebastian C , Monterola Christopher Pineda
Published: August 2023

Accurate prediction of crop production is essential in effectively managing agricultural countries' food security and economic resilience. This study evaluates the performance of statistical and machine learning-based methods for large-scale crop production forecasting. We predict the quarterly production of 325 crops (including fruits, vegetables, cereals, non-food, and industrial crops) across 83 provinces in the Philippines. Using a comprehensive dataset of 10,949 time series over 13 years, we demonstrate that a global forecasting approach using a state-of-the-art deep learning architecture, the transformer, significantly outperforms traditional local forecasting approaches built on statistical and baseline methods. By leveraging cross-series information, our proposed way is scalable and works well even with time series that are short, sparse, intermittent, or exhibit structural breaks/regime shifts. The results of this study further advance the field of applied forecasting in agricultural production and provide a practical and effective decision-support tool for policymakers that oversee the farm sector on a national scale.
The Mediating Role of Empathy in the Relationship between Age and Social Support across the Lifespan
Authors: Guariglia Paola , Palmiero Massimiliano , Giannini Anna Maria , Piccardi Laura
Published: August 2023

Aging involves several changes depending on genetic and behavioural factors, such as lifestyle and number and quality of social relationships, which in turn can be influenced by empathy. Here, the change in the perceived social support across the life span as a function of empathy was investigated, considering the mediating role of the empathy, after controlling for gender and education. 441 people (18-91 years old) filled in the Italian short version of the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL-12) and the Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ6) as well as the Empathy Questionnaire (EQ) and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test (RMET). The mediation analyses with ISEL-12 showed that age and the EQ fully mediated the relationship between age and Appraisal, Belonging and Tangible scores. Further, the EQ fully mediated only the relationship between age and SSQ6-People. These results showed that empathic skills play a key role in the relationships between age and social support. This suggests: empathy can trigger social support and ultimately well-being if stimulated across the lifespan, especially since young age; this would help to form the socio-emotional competence across the years, as a sort of cushion that can be useful in the elderly to fulfil active aging.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Antifungal and Antibacterial Abilities of Carbon Nanotubes Grafted to Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Nanocomposites
Authors: Sandoval-García Karina , Alvarado-Mendoza Abraham G. , Orozco-Guareño Eulogio , Olea-Rodríguez María A. , Cajero-Zul Leonardo A. , Nuño-Donlucas Sergio M.
Published: August 2023

Developing nanomaterials with the capacity to restrict the growth of bacteria and fungus is of current interest. In this study, nanocomposites of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) functionalized with primary amine, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups were prepared, and characterized. An analysis by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that PHEMA chains were grafted to the functionalized CNTs. The morphology of the prepared nanocomposites studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows significant changes with respect to the observed for pure PHEMA. The thermal behavior of the nanocomposites studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revels that the functionalized CNTs affects strongly the mobility of the PHEMA chains. Tests carried out by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to calculate the degree of grafting of the PHEMA chains. The ability of prepared nanocomposites to inhibit the growth of the fungus Candida albicans, and the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli was evaluated. A moderated antifungal and antibacterial capacity of the prepared nanocomposites was determined.
Conversion of Hard to Soft Magnetic Ferrite Nanowires by Paramagnetic Shielding
Authors: Zeng Xian-Lin , Sivanesarajah Indujan , Hartmann Uwe
Published: August 2023

In this study, we investigate the magnetization behavior of coaxial nanowires fabricated through the sol-gel electrospinning method. Our analysis uncovers a significant reduction in coercivity for CoFe2O4 nanowires when BaTiO3 is used as the shell material, effectively transforming them from hard to soft magnetic. This intriguing behavior is attributed to the magnetization reversal effect at the interface between ferromagnetic and paramagnetic regions, and it is also observed in NiFe2O4 and Fe2O3 nanowires. Surprisingly, introducing a GdBa2Cu3O7 shell induces a similar effect. Additionally, we employ magnetic impedance measurements on the coaxial nanowires, unveiling their potential for magnetic field sensing applications.
Abscisic Acid and Its Receptors LANCL1 and LANCL2 Control Cardiomyocyte Mitochondrial Function, Expression of Contractile, Cytoskeletal and Ion Channel Proteins and Cell Proliferation via ERRα
Authors: Spinelli Sonia , Guida Lucrezia , Passalacqua Mario , Magnone Mirko , Cossu Vanessa , Sambuceti Gianmario , Marini Cecilia , Sturla Laura , Zocchi Elena
Published: August 2023

The cross-kingdom stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and its mammalian receptors LANCL1 and LANCL2 regulate cardiomyocyte response to hypoxia by activating NO generation. Over-expression of LANCL1/2 increases transcription, phosphorylation and activity of eNOS and im-proves cell vitality after hypoxia/reoxygenation via the AMPK/PGC-1α axis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the ABA/LANCL system also affects mitochondrial oxidative metab-olism and structural proteins. The effect of ABA and of the silencing or overexpression of LANCL1 and LANCL2 were investigated in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts on mitochondrial function, cell cycle and expression of cytoskeletal, contractile and ion channel proteins. Overexpression or silencing of LANCL1/2 significantly increased, or conversely decreased, mitochondrial number, oxphos complex I, proton gradient, glucose and palmitate-dependent respiration, transcription of uncoupling proteins, expression of proteins involved in cytoskeletal, contractile and electrical functions. These effects, and LANCL1/2-dependent NO generation, are mediated by the tran-scription factor ERRα, upstream of the AMPK/PGC1-α axis and transcriptionally controlled by the LANCL1/2-ABA system. The ABA-LANCL1/2 hormone-receptors system controls fundamental aspects of cardiomyocyte physiology via an ERRα/AMPK/PGC-1α signaling axis and ABA-mediated targeting of this axis could improve cardiac function and resilience to hypoxic and dysmetabolic conditions.
Research Status of Aluminum Base Coating on Titanium Alloy
Authors: Zeng Siqi , Li Faguo
Published: August 2023

At present, in the field of aviation industry, titanium alloy is mainly used to manufacture parts such as compressor disc, blade and casing of aircraft engine. When working, titanium alloy parts produce high temperature due to high-speed running friction, which makes the high temperature oxidation resistance and friction resistance of titanium alloy greatly reduced. When their working environment contains salt, titanium alloys are subjected to thermal corrosion, which limits their wider practical applications. This paper introduce the aluminide coating and its preparation methods. The characteristics and functional mechanism of three functional coatings for service environment, such as high temperature resistant alumina-based coating, thermal corrosion resistant alumina-based coating and wear-resistant alumina-based coating are summarized. Finally, the development direction of composite coatings of titanium and titanium alloys for complex service environment is prospected.