bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Co-authorship Network Analysis of Medical Images Researchers with Emphasis on Micro and Macro Metrics
Authors: Osareh Farideh , Salehi Zahabi Saleh , Akbarzadeh Farideh
Published: December 2022

Background: Co-authorship is used to analyze scientific collaboration and identify patterns of collaboration among researchers. Considering the role of medical images in the field of health, it is necessary to identify the cooperation network between authors in order to strengthen research relations between them. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to map and analyze the network structure of all authors of published articles in the field of medical images. Methods: This research is applied-descriptive and was done with a scientometric approach and social network analysis. The search strategy was implemented in the core collection of the Web of Science database Clarivate Analytics Institute. In this study, 37190 articles in the three time periods of 1991 - 2000, 2001 - 2010, and 2011 - 2020 were reviewed. Data extraction, matrix construction, and mapping of the co-authorship network were performed using Bibexcel, Gephi, and Vosviewer software. Results: During the period under review, the pattern of authors’ participation changed from 2 authors to 3 authors and 4 authors. In the years 1991 - 2000, the link strongest with values of 18, 16, and 14 were “Dipaola, R.”, “Frouin, F.” and “Nishikawa, R. M.”, respectively. The co-authorship network consisted of seventy clusters in the years 2001 - 2010, and its strongest members were “Alkadhi, Hatem” and “Leschka, Sebastian” with a total link strength of 100. The co-authorship network in 2011 - 2020 consisted of 60 clusters and the link strongest with values of 58, 55, and 50 belonged to “Van Ginneken, Bram”, “Herrmann, Ken”, and “Ourselin, Sebastien”, respectively. In 2001 - 2010, the network density and clustering coefficient were 0.007 and 0.994, respectively. Conclusions: In all 3 decades, the co-authorship network is incoherent. In the 2001 - 2010-decade, 7% of the potential relationships in the co-authorship network were realized. Dispersion in the co-authorship network researchers in the field of medical images is evident. In addition, the amount of density and clustering coefficient of the co-authorship network indicates the greater willingness of authors to collaborate in this decade. The results of this research can be used to expand and strengthen scientific cooperation between researchers.
Warring Fictions: Reading Pat Barker
Authors: Monteith Sharon
Published: December 2022

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ENDÜSTRİYEL MİRAS ALANLARININ YENİDEN İŞLEVLENDİRİLMESİ: İZMİR YENİ KENT MERKEZİ ÖZELİNDE FIRSATLAR, SORUNLAR VE ÖNERİLER
Authors: GÜNGÖR Sezin , GÖKÇEN Şebnem
Published: December 2022

Endüstri Devrimi, kültürel, ekonomik, sosyal ve fiziksel anlamda çağın gördüğü en önemli sıçrayış, kentlerin ve toplumların şekillenmesindeki en önemli adımdır. Bu önemli olayın ve etkilerinin kentlerdeki izlerinin korunabilmesi ve gelecek çağlara aktarılabilmesi, imgelerinin korunması ile mümkündür. Bu bağlamda, koruma bilincinin kazanılması sürecinde kayıplar verilse de akademik bilinç, halkın aidiyet hissi, ulusal ve uluslararası örgüt bağlantıları, yasal sınırlılıklar, ekonomik yapılanmalar ve çağın dönüşümü, bu imgesel anıtları bir kültür simgesi olarak “endüstri mirası” adı altında korumaktadır. Diğer taraftan, değişen dünya düzeni bu anıtların, alanların ve hatta peyzajların yeniden işlevlendirilmesi ile hayat bulmasının önünü açmıştır. Bu çalışma, endüstriyel miras kavramının gelişimini, dünya ve Türkiye’de ne şekilde geçerlilik kazandığını ve yeniden işlevlendirme yönünde nasıl bir yol izlendiğini inceleyerek İzmir Yeni Kent merkezi ve çeperi üzerinden yaşanılan sorun ve potansiyellerin tespiti üzerinde durmaktadır. Alan olarak İzmir Yeni Kent merkezinin seçilmesinin nedenleri, mevcuttaki eski sanayi ve depolama alanlarının üzerinde gelişen yüksek yoğunluklu konut ve ofis yapılarının, koruma altındaki endüstriyel miras yapılarında yarattığı baskıyı tartışabilmek ve liman arkası bölgesindeki kümelenmenin kentin gelişimindeki kültürel, toplumsal ve ekonomik potansiyellerini tespit edebilmektir.
Halländska tvåskeppiga hus från förromersk järnålder 500 – 0 BC
Authors: Nilsson Mats
Published: December 2022

Med anledning av att det vid den arkeologiska undersökningen i Stafsinge socken RAÄ 133 i Halland, påträffades lämningar av tvåskeppiga hus som kan kopplas till förromersk järnålder väcktes frågor om detta är en lokal företeelse södra i Halland eller om denna hustyp även förekommer i andra regioner under järnålderns äldsta del. Traditionellt har denna hustyp bedömts upphöra i äldre bronsålder då den treskeppiga huskonstruktionen blev dominerande. I denna studie görs en sammanställning av påträffade tvåskeppiga hus från tiden yngre bronsålder och äldre järnålder, utifrån arkeologiska undersökningar i Halland samt av huslämningar som tolkats som tvåskeppiga från perioden i områden utanför Halland. Sammanlagt kan ett tjugotal tvåskeppiga huslämningar idag kopplas till bronsålderns sista fas och början av järnåldern. Lämningarna är dock ofta fragmentariska.
Small sites, great potential
Authors: Alæk Dugstad Sigrid
Published: December 2022

This paper looks at small Mesolithic sites with limited artefacts assemblages from Rogaland. A common characteristic of these sites is that they tend to lie in the vicinity of larger sites that contain a range of tool types and more extensive assemblages. The modest, rather unvaried artefacts from such smaller sites are indicative of specialized activities. In many cases both dating and location in the landscape suggest that these sites were integrated into larger nearby dwelling sites. This potential connection between larger dwellings and smaller adjacent activity sites challenges our perceptions of how settlement systems functioned.
PENGARUH BIAYA PESTISIDA DAN BIAYA PUPUK TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PETANI DI DESA SERADING KECAMATAN MOYO HILIR
Authors: Sudiyarti Nining , Kurniawansyah K , Faradila Jihan
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze whether the cost of pesticides and fertilizer costs affect the income of farmers in Serading Village, Moyo Hilir District, Sumbawa Regency. Primary data from 84 samples of rice farmers in Serading Village during one growing season have been analyzed to answer the research objectives. The analytical tool used is Multiple Linear Regression with proposive sampling method. The results of the analysis show that the t-count for the cost of pesticides and fertilizer costs are as follows; (4.887; 0.938) while T table for n = 84 with a confidence level of 5% (? = 0.05) is 1.671 and F-count is 656.010 while F-table 5% (n-k) (k-1) or (0.05; 82.1) is 3.15 meaning Fcount > Ftable so that the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted, then the two explanatory variables together and significantly affect the variables described. Based on the results of the analysis that the labor cost variable has a significant positive effect up to a 5% confidence level on farmers' income in Serading Village, Moyo Hilir District, while the pesticide cost variable and fertilizer cost have a positive but not significant relationship in influencing farmers' income in Serading Village, Moyo Hilir District.
ANALISIS KONTRIBUSI RETRIBUSI PASAR TERHADAP RETRIBUSI DAERAH KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT
Authors: Purwadinata Subhan , Ismawati I , Eriani E
Published: December 2022

One sources of regional revenue that was considered very important and contributed greatly to the region was the Regional Retribution. This study aims to know the contribution of market retribution toward regional retribution of Sumbawa Barat District in 2015-2019. The variables in this study consisted of the independent variable, namely the contribution of market retribution (X) and the dependent variable, namely regional retribution (Y). The population in this study were the number of shop houses, the number of stall, daily tickets and toilet. The sample used was saturated sampling technique, in which all members of the population were used as research samples. Data collection was obtained through literature study and documentation which were analyzed using the contribution equation formula. The results of study showed that the revenue of market retribution in Sumbawa Barat District was fluctuated every year. The fluctuation was caused by decreasing and increasing in revenue from market retribution and decreasing and increasing realization of regional retribution revenue. The contribution of market retribution toward regional retribution in 2015 was of 4,12%, in 2016 was 4,5%, in 2017 it was 2.60%, in 2018 it was 5.62% and in 2019 it was 8.57%.
ANALISIS KEMANDIRIAN DAERAH DAN DERAJAT DESENTRALISASI FISKAL DAERAH KABUPATEN SUMBAWA
Authors: Karmeli Elly , Haryadi Wahyu , Muslimin M
Published: December 2022

This research aims to analyze regional autonomy and degree of fiscal decentralization of Sumbawa District in 2015-2019. This type of research is descriptive research, which is a research that aims to determine the value of the independent variable, without connecting or making comparisons with other variables. The quantitative data used was obtained from secondary sources by collecting documents that already exist in the form of target data and the realization of regional revenue and expenditure budget of Sumbawa District in 2015-2019. Data analysis was performed using financial ratio analysis techniques. These research findings indicate that the region autonomy and degree of fiscal decentralization of Sumbawa District in 2015-2019 is still very low. The average percentage in 2015-2019 is 17.02 % or having instructive relationship patterns, while the ratio of fiscal decentralization of Sumbawa District in 2015-2019 is 10.67 % or fell in the low category. This condition illustrates that Sumbawa District rely heavily on the income that comes from outside regional revenue, such as balancing funds and other legitimate income.
PENGARUH JUMLAH INDUSTRI TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA
Authors: Anjani Ira , Fitryani Vivin
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to know the effect of the number of industries toward employment in Sumbawa Regency in 2011-2019. Type of this study was associative with a quantitative approach. The data used was secondary data obtained from cooperative and trade service (Diskoprindag) and the Central Bureau of Statistics of Sumbawa Regency. Data was collected using documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used was simple linear regression analysis. The results of this study showed that the variable of the number industries (X) had a significant effect toward labor absorption (Y). This conclusion was based on evidenced by the results of the t-value of 19.282 which was higher than the t table of 2.365 (19.282>2.365), the significance value of 0.000 was lower than 0.05 (0.00<0.05). Thus, Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. This means that there was a significant effect of the number of industries toward employment in Sumbawa Regency in 2011-2019. The more the number of industries, the more labor that can be absorbed will also increase.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS SOSIAL KOTA BIMA
Authors: Amelia Dina Rizki , Jaenab Jaenab
Published: December 2022

Work performance due to a mere coincidence, many influencing factors, work performance will be achieved if the work plans are carried out in accordance with the assigned tasks. The purpose of this study was to determine the significant effect of compensation on employee performance at the Bima City Social Service office. To find out the significant effect on employee performance at the Bima City Social Service, and to determine the significant effect of compensation and motivation on employee performance at the Bima City Social Service. The type of research used in this research is by using associative research. In this study, the instrument used in the operationalization variable is a questionnaire using a Likert scale. In this study, the sample that will be used by the author is 32 ASN with a sampling technique using (Purposive Sampling). Data collection techniques using observation, questionnaires, documentation, and literature study. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded by observing the t test and f test, the conclusions are as follows, There is no significant effect between compensation on work performance at the Bima City Social Service, there is a significant influence between motivation on work performance at the Bima City Social Service and there is a significant influence of compensation and motivation on work performance at the Social Service of Bima City.
PENGARUH RETURN ON ASSETS, RETURN ON EQUITY, DAN DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERBANKAN YANG GO PUBLIK DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Purnama Ita
Published: December 2022

This research was conducted to determine the effect of Net Interest Margin (NIM), Non Performing Loan (NPL) on Return On Assets (ROA) either partially or simultaneously at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk, 2010-2019 Period. The research method is using the associative method, with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques using secondary data. The population in this study is 16 years old and the sample used is 10 years which is the annual report of the banking sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique. The results of the study using the t test and f test showed that partially Net Interest Margin (NIM), had a positive and significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA). Non-Performing Loans (NPL) are partially significant and have a negative and significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA). And simultaneously Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Non Performing Loan (NPL) have a significant positive effect on Return On Assets (ROA).
PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR JALAN RAYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA
Authors: Kamaruddin K , Haryadi Wahyu , Wahyudi Mulvy
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to know the effect of road infrastructure development toward economic growth in Sumbawa District. The type of this study was associative with quantitative methods. The technique used to collect data in this study were through observation, interviews and documentation with data analysis using simple linear regression with SPSS 16.00 version. Based on result of data analysis showed that the X variable had significant effect toward the Y variable, it was based on the value of t-value was of 6.318 and t-table was of 2.776 stated that for every 1% addition to the infrastructure value, the economic value was increases of 0.046, that regression coefficient was positive, so it can be said that the direction of the effect of the variable X toward Y was positive. Based on the t-value, it was known that t-value was of 6,318< t-table of 2.776 with a significant degree of 5% so that it can be concluded that the X variable did not have effect toward the Y variable. In other words Ha was accepted which means there was effect of the X variable toward the Y variable.
DAMPAK PROGRAM BANK SAMPAH TERHADAP EKONOMI MASYARAKAT (Studi Pada Bank Sampah Desa Nijang Kecamatan Unter Iwes)
Authors: Rahman Ishak , Sucihati Roos Nana , Risqullah Sonia Gina
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to know the impact of waste bank program toward the communities’ economy before and after the waste bank program. The type of this study was comparative study which used descriptive qualitative methods. The data used in this study was primary data. The tool used to collect data was questionnaire.The number of samples in this study were 49.The technique used to analyzed data was the average difference test using SPSS version 16.00. Based on the data analysis, it was concluded that there was positive impact toward economic income of communities in Nijang Village after the existence of Waste Bank program.Based on the results of the Paired Sample T-Test, it was shown by the decision making, it was known that the significance value (2 tailed) was 0.000 <0.05, with the average difference test results before the waste bank program of Rp.27,875 and after Rp.2,694,532 then we can conclude that there was a significant difference between customer income before and after the Waste Bank program.
Characteristics of university teaching in institutions in Spain, Mexico and Venezuela
Authors: Izarra Vielma Douglas , Hirsch-Adler Ana
Published: December 2022

The complexity of university teaching requires the development of studies that allow contrasting the experiences of teachers in different settings, so this work compares the characteristics of the training of students in three universities, one in Spain, one in Mexico and one in Venezuela. A non-experimental design research was carried out with a descriptive level using the Questionnaire “Indicators of Teaching Excellence at the University of Granada”. The results demonstrate the importance attributed in teaching to the following features: knowledge of the subject, planning, communication, didactics, evaluation, and reflection as mechanisms for permanent innovation. The relevance of evaluation and motivation were found as coincident elements in the three institutions, that demonstrates a shared vision of context-independent teaching. To conclude, the centrality of the ethical dimension stands out, the vision of this activity as a quality service prevails in which improvisation must be avoided and an innovative action must be deployed and also permanent communication and fair evaluation.

La complejidad de la enseñanza universitaria requiere el desarrollo de estudios que permitan contrastar las experiencias de los profesores en diferentes escenarios, por lo que en este trabajo se comparan las características de la formación de estudiantes en tres universidades, una en España, una en México y una en Venezuela. Se realizó una investigación de diseño no experimental con un nivel descriptivo utilizando el Cuestionario “Indicadores de Excelencia Docente en la Universidad de Granada”. Los resultados demuestran la importancia que se atribuye en la docencia a los siguientes rasgos: conocimiento de la materia, planificación, comunicación, didáctica, evaluación, y reflexión como mecanismos para la innovación permanente. Se encontraron como elementos coincidentes en las tres instituciones la relevancia de la evaluación y la motivación, cuestión que demuestra una visión compartida de la enseñanza independiente del contexto. Para concluir destaca la centralidad de la dimensión ética, prevalece la visión de esta actividad como un servicio de calidad en el que se debe evitar la improvisación y desplegar una acción innovadora, mantener la comunicación permanente y evaluar de forma justa.
Hardy-Sobolev inequalities and weighted capacities in metric spaces
Authors: Ihnatsyeva Lizaveta , Lehrbäck Juha , Vähäkangas Antti V.
Published: December 2022

Let $\Omega$ be an open set in a metric measure space $X$. Our main result gives an equivalence between the validity of a weighted Hardy–Sobolev inequality in $\Omega$ and quasiadditivity of a weighted capacity with respect to Whitney covers of $\Omega$. Important ingredients in the proof include the use of a discrete convolution as a capacity test function and a Maz'ya type characterization of weighted Hardy–Sobolev inequalities.
La creatividad musical en el currículo de Educación Primaria en España y sus implicaciones educativas
Authors: Del Barrio Aranda Luis , García-Gil Desirée , Cuervo Calvo Laura
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad el análisis del tratamiento de la creatividad musical en el currículo de Educación Primaria del sistema educativo español como base para la comprensión de la orientación didáctica musical y la contribución a su educación como competencia transversal. Siguiendo una metodología de revisión documental, este trabajo analiza y compara la creatividad en los currículos musicales de Educación Primaria del conjunto de las comunidades autónomas en el período comprendido entre 2014-2022. Para el análisis de los datos, se elabora una matriz de categorías y subcategorías de estudio que investigan la creatividad en el área de Educación Artística, la metodología para su enseñanza y su evaluación. De los textos analizados, se induce la creencia de que la enseñanza de la creatividad musical en Educación Primaria podría ayudar en el desarrollo de la autonomía, la comprensión y la expresión musical del alumnado; de modo que, los documentos curriculares deberían reforzar su tratamiento dotando de una mayor concreción y relación significativa entre el propósito, el enfoque metodológico y la evaluación que determinan su educación.
Montoya Rubio, J.C. (2022). El método MusScreen: Didáctica de la expresión musical a través del audiovisual. Independently published
Authors: Azorín-Delegido José Manuel
Published: December 2022

Este libro contiene partes de la primera tesis doctoral que se realizó en España sobre pedagogía del audiovisual en las aulas de Música, elaborada por el autor de este libro. Transcurridas más de dos décadas, se ha publicado este año. Entre las páginas de esta obra, se pueden encontrar gran variedad de ejemplos y propuestas especialmente dirigidas al profesorado de Música. El resultado es un texto dividido en diez capítulos, presentados a través de una clarificadora introducción y una poderosa coda final. Todo lo esgrimido por el autor muestra un marcado carácter motivador, con múltiples referencias a la música de cine, que invita a la reflexión y a no volver a visionar material audiovisual sin plantearse su potencial educativo.
Aprendizaje socioemocional y educación en valores en el aula de Lenguaje Musical
Authors: Ponce-de-León Luis , Gértrudix Barrio Felipe , Sánchez Parra María José , Sánchez-Escribano García de la Rosa Eduardo
Published: December 2022

El presente estudio se centra en dos beneficios potenciales de la educación musical: a) el aprendizaje socioemocional y, b) la educación en valores, en el contexto de la formación impartida en conservatorios profesionales de Música en la asignatura de Lenguaje Musical. La metodología cualitativa utilizada, a través de la técnica de grupos focales, ha permitido analizar las percepciones del profesorado, alumnado y familias en torno a estos beneficios. Como resultado del análisis, se ha evidenciado una coincidencia entre los interlocutores acerca de la importancia que se le debe otorgar a la educación en valores y el aprendizaje socioemocional en los conservatorios profesionales de música, y, en especial, con el alumnado que presenta necesidades específicas. A pesar de la ausencia de evidencias de planificación consciente de objetivos socioemocionales o relacionados con la educación en valores en la asignatura de Lenguaje Musical, los participantes perciben que la asignatura sí contribuye al desarrollo de los mismos. Se señalan, además, como futuras mejoras: el fomento del trabajo grupal, la interacción y cohesión intragrupal.
Efeitos do uso de produtos clareadores de autoaplicação sobre a superfície de uma resina composta nanoparticulada
Authors: Correia Vieira Alex , Silva de Oliveira Mario Cezar , Castro Vieira Andrade Adriana , Ferreira Leite Mariana , Lima Gonçalves Francine , Rocha e Silva Jaine
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar a alteração da rugosidade superficial de uma resina composta nanoparticulada (Filtek Z350 XT®) após o uso de produtos clareadores de autoaplicação contento baixa concentração de peróxido de hidrogênio.

Métodos: Para isto, foram confeccionados 30 corpos de prova deste material, divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos com 10 amostras cada, da seguinte forma: G1 (grupo controle) no qual as amostras não foram submetidas à ação de nenhum produto clareador; G2, realização de procedimento clareador com peróxido de hidrogênio a 10% (Crest 3D White Professional Effects Whitestrips®) em 2 aplicações de 30 minutos, por 10 dias consecutivos; e G3, tratamento com peróxido de hidrogênio a 7,7% (pincel Pretty Smile®) com o mesmo número de aplicações, tempo e dias do G2. Após este período cada corpo de prova foi analisado no rugosímetro Surftest SJ-301, para determinar a sua rugosidade superficial média. Estes dados foram então submetidos à análise estatística por meio da análise de variância (ANOVA) e teste de Tukey, nível de significância de 5% para comparações múltiplas.

Resultados: Ao final do experimento, houve diferenças estatísticas significantes entre o grupo controle (G1) e os demais grupos (G2 e G3), com p < 0,05. Porém, quando analisados apenas os grupos submetidos ao clareamento com o peróxido de hidrogênio em diferentes concentrações (G2 e G3), não foi encontrada diferença significativa (p > 0,05).

Conclusão: Após 10 dias, os produtos clareadores testados determinaram aumento significativo nos valores de rugosidade superficial média da resina composta nanoparticulada.

Descritores: Clareamento dental. Peróxido de hidrogênio. Resinas compostas.
KAJIAN ATAS RISIKO KELOMPOK USIA DAN KLAIM RUMAH SAKIT (RS) COVID-19 DI INDONESIA, 2020 – 2021
Authors: Maulana Andhika Nurwin , Faizin Ruli E Al , Komaryani Kalsum , Purwaningrum Farah , Thabrany Hasbullah
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini menganalisis risiko COVID-19 untuk kelompok usia dan korelasinya dengan tingkat keparahan, durasi rawat inap (Length of Stay/LOS), klaim rumah sakit, dan status keluar pasien rawat inap rumah sakit. Definisi dari kelompok usia adalah dari anak-anak, usia produktif, dan usia lanjut. Pertengahan tahun 2020 pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan pembatasan sosial di beberapa daerah seiring dengan peningkatan kasus COVID-19 namun situasi ekonomi diharapkan tetap berjalan. Namun dalam melakukan kegiatan ekonomi akan mempunyai risiko lebih tinggi ketika mereka melakukan kegiatan ekonomi, apalagi jika mereka menggunakan transportasi publik ke lokasi pekerjaan mereka. Penelitian ini juga mengukur signifikansi perbedaan dalam penerapan Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian COVID-19 Pedoman Revisi Ke-4 dan Ke-5 dan dampaknya terhadap durasi rawat inap dan klaim RS untuk pasien rawat inap. Penelitian ini menggunakan data E-Klaim Kementerian Kesehatan dengan total 206 ribu pasien rawat inap COVID-19 seluruh Indonesia antara Maret 2020 sampai dengan Januari 2021. Temuan awal adalah anak-anak mempunyai proporsi tingkat kesembuhan paling tinggi dibandingkan usia produktif, dan usia lanjut mempunyai tingkat kesembuhan paling rendah untuk status pasien keluar rawat inap. Sedangkan proporsi meninggal menunjukkan hal yang sebaliknya untuk status pasien keluar rawat inap. Hasil dari regresi hampir semua variabel mempunyai pengaruh yang berarti terhadap klaim pasien rawat inap COVID-19.
ANALYSIS OF CIGARETTE DEMAND AMONG POOR HOUSEHOLDS IN INDONESIA: AN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC APPROACH
Authors: Amalia Nadira , Monica Yusnia , Ahsan Abdillah , Djutaharta Triasih
Published: December 2022

Increasing Indonesia’s health and economic burdens generated by smoking habit require immediate stakeholder responses to reduce cigarette consumption. This study aims to examine and compare the changes in smoking behavior (i.e., the smoking status and the number of cigarettes consumed monthly) among zakat recipients (mustahik) and zakat payers (muzaki) caused by cigarette prices and income changes. Using a dataset from SUSENAS 2018 and conducted under kifayah approach (a poverty line approach in Islamic economics that will allow the observers to differentiate between muzaki and mustahik), this study employed two-part regression models. Results showed that an increasing income escalated cigarette consumption (ß = 0.761; 95% CI = 0.761, 0.762), but increasing cigarette prices reduced cigarette consumption (ß = -0.682; 95% CI = -0.683, -0.682). Mustahik household is more responsive toward changes as compared to muzaki ones. Mustahik household sensitivity towards cigarettes has important implications for zakat institutions in ensuring and monitoring zakat funds utilization among mustahik.
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN ANGGARAN PADA RUMAH SAKIT RUJUKAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Turnip Helena , Soewondo Prastuti
Published: December 2022

Manajemen anggaran merupakan salah satu bentuk pertanggungjawaban pengelolaan anggaran kas yang didistribusikan oleh pemerintah kepada instansi rumah sakit sehingga anggaran yang diberikan oleh pemerintah pusat dapat dipergunakan secara efektif, efisien dan tepat sasaran.  Untuk mengkaji dan mengeksplorasi manajemen anggaran pada rumah sakit di Indonesia di masa pandemi COVID-19 berkaitan dengan anggaran pengadaan APD dan sarana prasarana di rumah sakit sebagai upaya penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19. APD merupakan salah satu instrumen krusial yang harus digunakan oleh seluruh tenaga medis dalam melaksanakan tugasnya, hal ini memicu peningkatan anggaran pengadaan APD. Literature review dengan mengkaji penelitian terdahulu yang relevan. Manajemen anggaran dalam rumah sakit belum terkategori efektif dan efisien sehingga diperlukan perencanaan dan manajemen anggaran yang lebih matang bagi rumah sakit untuk mengelola anggaran. Pengalokasian dana yang dilakukan pada beberapa rumah sakit di Indonesia direalisasikan dengan melakukan pembelian alat dan juga perlengkapan APD untuk menambahkan sarana dan prasarana yang digunakan dalam penanggulangan COVID-19.
Glycine inhibits NINJ1 membrane clustering to suppress plasma membrane rupture in cell death
Authors: Borges Jazlyn P , Sætra Ragnhild SR , Volchuk Allen , Bugge Marit , Devant Pascal , Sporsheim Bjørnar , Kilburn Bridget R , Evavold Charles L , Kagan Jonathan C , Goldenberg Neil M , Flo Trude Helen , Steinberg Benjamin Ethan
Published: December 2022

First recognized more than 30 years ago, glycine protects cells against rupture from diverse types of injury. This robust and widely observed effect has been speculated to target a late downstream process common to multiple modes of tissue injury. The molecular target of glycine that mediates cytoprotection, however, remains elusive. Here, we show that glycine works at the level of NINJ1, a newly identified executioner of plasma membrane rupture in pyroptosis, necrosis, and post-apoptosis lysis. NINJ1 is thought to cluster within the plasma membrane to cause cell rupture. We demonstrate that the execution of pyroptotic cell rupture is similar for human and mouse NINJ1 and that NINJ1 knockout functionally and morphologically phenocopies glycine cytoprotection in macrophages undergoing lytic cell death. Next, we show that glycine prevents NINJ1 clustering by either direct or indirect mechanisms. In pyroptosis, glycine preserves cellular integrity but does not affect upstream inflammasome activities or accompanying energetic cell death. By positioning NINJ1 clustering as a glycine target, our data resolve a long-standing mechanism for glycine-mediated cytoprotection. This new understanding will inform the development of cell preservation strategies to counter pathologic lytic cell death.
Effects of dopamine D2/3 and opioid receptor antagonism on the trade-off between model-based and model-free behaviour in healthy volunteers
Authors: Mikus Nace , Korb Sebastian , Massaccesi Claudia , Gausterer Christian , Graf Irene , Willeit Matthäus , Eisenegger Christoph , Lamm Claus , Silani Giorgia , Mathys Christoph
Published: December 2022

Human behaviour requires flexible arbitration between actions we do out of habit and actions that are directed towards a specific goal. Drugs that target opioid and dopamine receptors are notorious for inducing maladaptive habitual drug consumption; yet, how the opioidergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitter systems contribute to the arbitration between habitual and goal-directed behaviour is poorly understood. By combining pharmacological challenges with a well-established decision-making task and a novel computational model, we show that the administration of the dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist amisulpride led to an increase in goal-directed or ‘model-based’ relative to habitual or ‘model-free’ behaviour, whereas the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone had no appreciable effect. The effect of amisulpride on model-based/model-free behaviour did not scale with drug serum levels in the blood. Furthermore, participants with higher amisulpride serum levels showed higher explorative behaviour. These findings highlight the distinct functional contributions of dopamine and opioid receptors to goal-directed and habitual behaviour and support the notion that even small doses of amisulpride promote flexible application of cognitive control.
eDNA-stimulated cell dispersion from Caulobacter crescentus biofilms upon oxygen limitation is dependent on a toxin–antitoxin system
Authors: Berne Cecile , Zappa Sébastien , Brun Yves V
Published: December 2022

In their natural environment, most bacteria preferentially live as complex surface-attached multicellular colonies called biofilms. Biofilms begin with a few cells adhering to a surface, where they multiply to form a mature colony. When conditions deteriorate, cells can leave the biofilm. This dispersion is thought to be an important process that modifies the overall biofilm architecture and that promotes colonization of new environments. In Caulobacter crescentus biofilms, extracellular DNA (eDNA) is released upon cell death and prevents newborn cells from joining the established biofilm. Thus, eDNA promotes the dispersal of newborn cells and the subsequent colonization of new environments. These observations suggest that eDNA is a cue for sensing detrimental environmental conditions in the biofilm. Here, we show that the toxin–antitoxin system (TAS) ParDE4 stimulates cell death in areas of a biofilm with decreased O2 availability. In conditions where O2 availability is low, eDNA concentration is correlated with cell death. Cell dispersal away from biofilms is decreased when parDE4 is deleted, probably due to the lower local eDNA concentration. Expression of parDE4 is positively regulated by O2 and the expression of this operon is decreased in biofilms where O2 availability is low. Thus, a programmed cell death mechanism using an O2-regulated TAS stimulates dispersal away from areas of a biofilm with decreased O2 availability and favors colonization of a new, more hospitable environment.
Proteome-wide systems genetics identifies UFMylation as a regulator of skeletal muscle function
Authors: Molendijk Jeffrey , Blazev Ronnie , Mills Richard J , Ng Yaan-Kit , Watt Kevin I , Chau Daryn , Gregorevic Paul , Crouch Peter J , Hilton James BW , Lisowski Leszek , Zhang Peixiang , Reue Karen , Lusis Aldons J , Hudson James E , James David E , Seldin Marcus M , Parker Benjamin L
Published: December 2022

Improving muscle function has great potential to improve the quality of life. To identify novel regulators of skeletal muscle metabolism and function, we performed a proteomic analysis of gastrocnemius muscle from 73 genetically distinct inbred mouse strains, and integrated the data with previously acquired genomics and >300 molecular/phenotypic traits via quantitative trait loci mapping and correlation network analysis. These data identified thousands of associations between protein abundance and phenotypes and can be accessed online (https://muscle.coffeeprot.com/) to identify regulators of muscle function. We used this resource to prioritize targets for a functional genomic screen in human bioengineered skeletal muscle. This identified several negative regulators of muscle function including UFC1, an E2 ligase for protein UFMylation. We show UFMylation is up-regulated in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a disease that involves muscle atrophy. Furthermore, in vivo knockdown of UFMylation increased contraction force, implicating its role as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle function.
A Bayesian approach to single-particle electron cryo-tomography in RELION-4.0
Authors: Zivanov Jasenko , Otón Joaquín , Ke Zunlong , von Kügelgen Andriko , Pyle Euan , Qu Kun , Morado Dustin , Castaño-Díez Daniel , Zanetti Giulia , Bharat Tanmay AM , Briggs John AG , Scheres Sjors HW
Published: December 2022

We present a new approach for macromolecular structure determination from multiple particles in electron cryo-tomography (cryo-ET) data sets. Whereas existing subtomogram averaging approaches are based on 3D data models, we propose to optimise a regularised likelihood target that approximates a function of the 2D experimental images. In addition, analogous to Bayesian polishing and contrast transfer function (CTF) refinement in single-particle analysis, we describe the approaches that exploit the increased signal-to-noise ratio in the averaged structure to optimise tilt-series alignments, beam-induced motions of the particles throughout the tilt-series acquisition, defoci of the individual particles, as well as higher-order optical aberrations of the microscope. Implementation of our approaches in the open-source software package RELION aims to facilitate their general use, particularly for those researchers who are already familiar with its single-particle analysis tools. We illustrate for three applications that our approaches allow structure determination from cryo-ET data to resolutions sufficient for de novo atomic modelling.
Activity disruption causes degeneration of entorhinal neurons in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s circuit dysfunction
Authors: Zhao Rong , Grunke Stacy D , Wood Caleb A , Perez Gabriella A , Comstock Melissa , Li Ming-Hua , Singh Anand K , Park Kyung-Won , Jankowsky Joanna L
Published: December 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by selective vulnerability of distinct cell populations; however, the cause for this specificity remains elusive. Here, we show that entorhinal cortex layer 2 (EC2) neurons are unusually vulnerable to prolonged neuronal inactivity compared with neighboring regions of the temporal lobe, and that reelin + stellate cells connecting EC with the hippocampus are preferentially susceptible within the EC2 population. We demonstrate that neuronal death after silencing can be elicited through multiple independent means of activity inhibition, and that preventing synaptic release, either alone or in combination with electrical shunting, is sufficient to elicit silencing-induced degeneration. Finally, we discovered that degeneration following synaptic silencing is governed by competition between active and inactive cells, which is a circuit refinement process traditionally thought to end early in postnatal life. Our data suggests that the developmental window for wholesale circuit plasticity may extend into adulthood for specific brain regions. We speculate that this sustained potential for remodeling by entorhinal neurons may support lifelong memory but renders them vulnerable to prolonged activity changes in disease.
The Research Literacy of Professionals: Reconciling Evidence-Based Practice and Practical Wisdom
Authors: Eriksen Andreas
Published: December 2022

There is widespread agreement that the art/science dichotomy is obsolete; professional practice must accommodate both experience-based judgment and evidence-based tools. However, there is little agreement on what this reconciliation entails, partly because we lack a conceptualization of the professional agency involved. What kind of intellectual ability is needed for the translation of research into practice? This article argues that we need a new conception of research literacy, where the distinct issues of application to practice are addressed. By first replacing the art/science dichotomy with a craft model of professional practice, the article explains how research literacy should be conceived as a virtue that preserves the integrity of the domain of expertise. This virtue is served by a set of sensitivities that enable professionals to embed evidence-based tools into practice in a collaborative and situationally attuned way. The craft-oriented conception of research literacy is explored with examples from medicine and teaching.
The Mute: Ritual and Transgressive Meanings of the Masked Character in the Romanian Căluş Ritual
Authors:   National Museum of the Romanian Peasant, Romania, Iuga Anamaria , Vlahbei Georgiana
Published: December 2022

The article focuses on the importance and meanings of the masked character of the Mute (Mutul), part of the Căluş ritual performed at the Whitsuntide feast in several regions of Romania and observed in two villages in Argeş County (Stolnici and Bârla). The Căluşari (the members of the Căluş group) perform specific dances meant, first of all, to cure the ritual illness inflicted by Iele (mythological feminine creatures) and also intended to provide for the good health and prosperity of the households where they are being performed. One of the performers is the Mute, archetypally similar to the Jester/Joker, who is impersonated by a man dressed as a woman but endowed with the fertility symbol of a wooden phallus. His presence and actions are all about transgression – he can mock the Căluşari or the community members assisting in the ritual, breaking all conventional behaviour rules. He plays, as well, an important part in the short episodes meant to make the audience laugh. We inquire into how his performance and actions can be perceived in relation to the social limits they break. At the same time, the article discusses what happens to the masked character in the staging context of the ritual, since from the beginning of the twentieth century, especially during the communist period, it reached larger audiences during local (and international) festivals. As of 2008, the ritual has been recognised internationally as an identity emblem, part of the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Mobiilne kuuluvustunne kui toimetulekuviis 1950. aastate argielus: ühe pere lugu
Authors:   Centre for Landscape and Culture at the School of Humanities, Tallinn University, Estonia, Kasemets Kadri , Palang Hannes ,   Centre for Landscape and Culture at the School of Humanities, Tallinn University, Estonia
Published: December 2022

This study contributes to the micro-history during the structural reorganization of Estonia in the 1950s by examining everyday letter exchange between the members of a family consisting of a single mother and her two daughters. The study uses a mobilities approach toward the meaning of belonging while investigating everyday places and related practices, the mentalities of individual stages of life, and symbolical relations which are influenced by structural formation. The study indicates mobile characteristics of belonging in a family’s subjective attachment to a place. The letters reflect the developments in self-identity related to the sense of belonging of two different generations influenced by rural and urban everyday life. The sense of belonging of the mother, born before World War II, is moving to the past, where the historically shaped everyday life and personal meaning-making at the rural home farm can offer symbolic and practical safety in this insecure social period. The sense of belonging of the younger daughter, considering her personal life stage and the conditions of the ruling power, is adapting to urban life, as this environment offers better possibilities for self-realization.
Maastik kui mänguväljak
Authors:   Centre for Landscape and Culture at the School of Humanities, Tallinn University, Estonia, Palang Hannes
Published: December 2022

This paper studies further the idea expressed by Paul Claval about landscape as a playground. For a decade, scholars have wondered whether games such as geocaching could be used if not in planning, then at least in getting feedback about people’s landscape preferences. This paper studies the role of geocaching in landscape changes through three lenses: geocaching as consumption of nature’s contribution to people, as influence on the environment, and as place making. The author concludes that, first, landscape can indeed serve as a playground and let the players inscribe on its layers of meaning understandable only for the dedicated (initiated). Second, the hope for getting feedback about preferences will probably fail, as the players care more about the contents of the game, but at the same time we could get insights into the preferences of the player communities. Finally, the game allows for recreating and remembering places and telling stories.
Sentiment analysis of vegan related tweets using mutual information for feature selection
Authors: Shamoi Elvina , Turdybay Akniyet , Shamoi Pakizar , Akhmetov Iskander , Jaxylykova Assel , Pak Alexandr
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, people get increasingly attached to social media to connect with other people, to study, and to work. The presented article uses Twitter posts to better understand public opinion regarding the vegan (plant-based) diet that has traditionally been portrayed negatively on social media. However, in recent years, studies on health benefits, COVID-19, and global warming have increased the awareness of plant-based diets. The study employs a dataset derived from a collection of vegan-related tweets and uses a sentiment analysis technique for identifying the emotions represented in them. The purpose of sentiment analysis is to determine whether a piece of text (tweet in our case) conveys a negative or positive viewpoint. We use the mutual information approach to perform feature selection in this study. We chose this method because it is suitable for mining the complicated features from vegan tweets and extracting users’ feelings and emotions. The results revealed that the vegan diet is becoming more popular and is currently framed more positively than in previous years. However, the emotions of fear were mostly strong throughout the period, which is in sharp contrast to other types of emotions. Our findings place new information in the public domain, which has significant implications. The article provides evidence that the vegan trend is growing and new insights into the key emotions associated with this growth from 2010 to 2022. By gaining a deeper understanding of the public perception of veganism, medical experts can create appropriate health programs and encourage more people to stick to a healthy vegan diet. These results can be used to devise appropriate government action plans to promote healthy veganism and reduce the associated emotion of fear.
Modeling the drying process of Masson pine needle fuel beds under different packing ratios based on two-phase models in the laboratory
Authors: Zhang Yunlin
Published: December 2022

Background

When the moisture content of a fuel bed is higher than the fiber saturation moisture content (0.35 g g−1), the drying process is controlled by evaporation (>0.35 g g−1) and diffusion (>0.35 g g−1). Packing ratio has a significant effect on the drying process. Ignoring the impacts of packing ratio or the separate phases of the drying process is one main reason for inaccurate moisture content predictions.

Method

This study simulated the drying process in five Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) needle beds with different packing ratios. Using the fiber saturation moisture content as the cut-off point, we divided the drying process into two phases. The drying mechanism of each phase was different and had its own drying equation. Using a model that does not distinguish the two phases of the drying process as a comparison, the prediction effect of the two-phase model was analyzed. The influence of the fuel bed packing ratio on the drying process was also analyzed.

Results

We found that, regardless of any changes in packing ratio, the two-phase model could better simulate the drying process, with a mean absolute error (MAE) and mean relative error (MRE) of the two-phase model 18.4% and 25.6% less than the one-phase model, respectively. The time-lag prediction model was established with the packing ratio, and the errors were all within the allowable range, but the prediction effect of the time-lag prediction model based on the two-phase model was larger.

Conclusion

It was further demonstrated that considering the packing ratio of the fuel bed and distinguishing the two separate phases of the drying process could both effectively improve the prediction accuracy of the moisture content of fuel beds based on the semi-physical method.