bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning to be a statistician
Authors: Wu Renzhi , Ding Bolin , Chu Xu , Wei Zhewei , Dai Xiening , Guan Tao , Zhou Jingren
Published: February 2022

Estimating the number of distinct values (NDV) in a column is useful for many tasks in database systems, such as columnstore compression and data profiling. In this work, we focus on how to derive accurate NDV estimations from random (online/offline) samples. Such efficient estimation is critical for tasks where it is prohibitive to scan the data even once. Existing sample-based estimators typically rely on heuristics or assumptions and do not have robust performance across different datasets as the assumptions on data can easily break. On the other hand, deriving an estimator from a principled formulation such as maximum likelihood estimation is very challenging due to the complex structure of the formulation. We propose to formulate the NDV estimation task in a supervised learning framework, and aim to learn a model as the estimator. To this end, we need to answer several questions: i) how to make the learned model workload agnostic; ii) how to obtain training data; iii) how to perform model training. We derive conditions of the learning framework under which the learned model isworkload agnostic, in the sense that the model/estimator can be trained with synthetically generated training data, and then deployed into any data warehouse simply as,e.g., user-defined functions (UDFs), to offer efficient (within microseconds on CPU) and accurate NDV estimations forunseen tables and workloads.We compare the learned estimator with the state-of-the-art sample-based estimators on nine real-world datasets to demonstrate its superior estimation accuracy. We publish our code for training data generation, model training, and the learned estimator online for reproducibility.
Analysis of influence contribution in social advertising
Authors: Zhu Yuqing , Tang Jing , Tang Xueyan , Chen Lei
Published: February 2022

Online Social Network (OSN) providers usually conduct advertising campaigns by inserting social ads into promoted posts. Whenever a user engages in a promoted ad, she may further propagate the promoted ad to her followers recursively and the propagation process is known as the
word-of-mouth
effect. In order to spread the promotion cascade widely and efficiently, the OSN provider often tends to select the influencers, who normally have large audiences over the social network, to initiate the advertising campaign. This marketing model, also termed as influencer marketing, has been gaining increasing traction and investment and is rapidly becoming one of the most widely-used channels in digital marketing.

In this paper, we formulate the problem for the OSN provider to derive the influence contributions of influencers given the campaign result, considering the viral propagation of the ads, namely
influence contribution allocation (ICA)
. We make a connection between ICA and the concept of Shapley value in cooperative game theory to reveal the rationale behind ICA. A naive method to obtain the solution to ICA is to enumerate all possible cascades delivering the campaign result, resulting in an exponential number of potential cascades, which is computationally intractable. Moreover, generating a cascade producing the exact campaign result is non-trivial. Facing the challenges, we develop an exact solution in linear time under the linear threshold (LT) model, and devise a
fully polynomial-time randomized approximation scheme (FPRAS)
under the independent cascade (IC) model. Specifically, under the IC model, we propose an efficient approach to estimate the expected influence contribution in probabilistic graphs modeling OSNs by designing a scalable sampling method with provable accuracy guarantees. We conduct extensive experiments and show that our algorithms yield solutions with remarkably higher quality over several baselines and improve the sampling efficiency significantly.
Deep transfer learning for multi-source entity linkage via domain adaptation
Authors: Jin Di , Sisman Bunyamin , Wei Hao , Dong Xin Luna , Koutra Danai
Published: February 2022

Multi-source entity linkage focuses on integrating knowledge from multiple sources by linking the records that represent the same real world entity. This is critical in high-impact applications such as data cleaning and user stitching. The state-of-the-art entity linkage pipelines mainly depend on supervised learning that requires abundant amounts of training data. However, collecting well-labeled training data becomes expensive when the data from many sources arrives incrementally over time. Moreover, the trained models can easily overfit to specific data sources, and thus fail to generalize to new sources due to significant differences in data and label distributions. To address these challenges, we present AdaMEL, a deep transfer learning framework that learns generic high-level knowledge to perform multi-source entity linkage. AdaMEL models the attribute importance that is used to match entities through an attribute-level self-attention mechanism, and leverages the massive unlabeled data from new data sources through domain adaptation to make it generic and data-source agnostic. In addition, AdaMEL is capable of incorporating an additional set of labeled data to more accurately integrate data sources with different attribute importance. Extensive experiments show that our framework achieves state-of-the-art results with 8.21% improvement on average over methods based on supervised learning. Besides, it is more stable in handling different sets of data sources in less runtime.
PRUC
Authors: Liu Yongyi , Mahmood Ahmed R. , Magdy Amr , Rey Sergio
Published: February 2022

This paper introduces a generalized spatial regionalization problem, namely, PRUC (
P
-Regions with User-defined Constraint) that partitions spatial areas into homogeneous regions. PRUC accounts for user-defined constraints imposed over aggregate region properties. We show that PRUC is an NP-Hard problem. To solve PRUC, we introduce GSLO (Global Search with Local Optimization), a parallel stochastic regionalization algorithm. GSLO is composed of two phases: (1)
Global Search
that initially partitions areas into regions that satisfy a user-defined constraint, and (2)
Local Optimization
that further improves the quality of the partitioning with respect to intra-region similarity. We conduct an extensive experimental study using real datasets to evaluate the performance of GSLO. Experimental results show that GSLO is up to 100× faster than the state-of-the-art algorithms. GSLO provides partitioning that is up to 6× better with respect to intra-region similarity. Furthermore, GSLO is able to handle 4× larger datasets than the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Parallel training of knowledge graph embedding models
Authors: Kochsiek Adrian , Gemulla Rainer
Published: February 2022

Knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models represent the entities and relations of a knowledge graph (KG) using dense continuous representations called embeddings. KGE methods have recently gained traction for tasks such as knowledge graph completion and reasoning as well as to provide suitable entity representations for downstream learning tasks. While a large part of the available literature focuses on small KGs, a number of frameworks that are able to train KGE models for large-scale KGs by parallelization across multiple GPUs or machines have recently been proposed. So far, the benefits and drawbacks of the various parallelization techniques have not been studied comprehensively. In this paper, we report on an experimental study in which we presented, re-implemented in a common computational framework, investigated, and improved the available techniques. We found that the evaluation methodologies used in prior work are often not comparable and can be misleading, and that most of currently implemented training methods tend to have a negative impact on embedding quality. We propose a simple but effective variation of the stratification technique used by PyTorch BigGraph for mitigation. Moreover, basic random partitioning can be an effective or even the best-performing choice when combined with suitable sampling techniques. Ultimately, we found that efficient and effective parallel training of large-scale KGE models is indeed achievable but requires a careful choice of techniques.
Flexible rule-based decomposition and metadata independence in modin
Authors: Petersohn Devin , Tang Dixin , Durrani Rehan , Melik-Adamyan Areg , Gonzalez Joseph E. , Joseph Anthony D. , Parameswaran Aditya G.
Published: February 2022

Dataframes have become universally popular as a means to represent data in various stages of structure, and manipulate it using a rich set of operators---thereby becoming an essential tool in the data scientists' toolbox. However, dataframe systems, such as pandas, scale poorly---and are non-interactive on moderate to large datasets. We discuss our experiences developing Modin, our first cut at a parallel dataframe system, which already has users across several industries and over 1M downloads. Modin translates pandas functions into a core set of operators that are individually parallelized via columnar, row-wise, or cell-wise decomposition rules that we formalize in this paper. We also introduce metadata independence to allow metadata---such as order and type---to be decoupled from the physical representation and maintained lazily. Using rule-based decomposition and metadata independence, along with careful engineering, Modin is able to support pandas operations across both rows and columns on very large dataframes---unlike Koalas and Dask DataFrames that either break down or are unable to support such operations, while also being much faster than pandas.
Krausist Criticism of the European Imperial Nationalism Doctrine
Authors: Manzanero Delia
Published: February 2022

This study presents some of the contributions to the process of the constructing Europe since the illustrated ideas of the German philosopher Krause that were promoted and represented by eminent Spanish Krausist legal experts, such as Francisco Giner de los Ríos. His conception of Europe and European civilisation contains theories that, despite being surprising and openly opposed at the time, have today become part of the global heritage of modern day legal philosophy and our social aspirations. We firstly study how the development of the Krausist legal philosophy contributed to the political development of Spain and how this ius-philosophical thinking had a modernising influence on Spanish legal philosophy and science. Secondly, we delve deeper into the basic principles of Krausist legal-sociological theory that have had a major influence on Europeanisation, reviewing its most ardent criticism of the European imperial nationalism doctrine.
Humility Expression and its Effects on Moral Suasion: An Empirical Study of Ocasio-Cortez’s Communication
Authors: D’Errico Francesca , Bull Peter , Lamponi Ernestina , Leone Giovanna
Published: February 2022

Humble leadership can be described as a positive psychological feature that allows leaders to admit their limitations, be open to new ideas, and give a voice to others while also recognizing their merits. The present study (n = 268 participants) explored the persuasive effects of a female politician communicating a humble stance by considering the role emotional displays at play (joy, calmness, sadness, and anger) when discussing a moral issue (hosting immigrants). The results revealed that the politician elicited positive emotions and evaluations of her competence and benevolence, especially when exhibiting a sad facial display, by contributing to the intention to accept the moral gist of her persuasive message. Overall, these ‘gendered’ effects are discussed in relation to the ‘political authenticity’, which can be perceived as high especially when the humble message is connected with several social reasons, as is the case with gender or social status.
Thermal diffusivities of uniaxially cold-pressed Fe2Mo powders
Authors: Hayashi Miyuki , Rajter Richard , Morales Ricardo , Seetharaman Seshadri
Published: February 2022

Fe2Mo powders have been produced from Fe2MoO4 powders by gas – solid reduction using pure H2 gas at 1023 and 1173 K. The thermal diffusivity of the cold-pressed Fe2Mo powders having a relative density between 0.52 and 0.72 has been measured at room temperature both in air and in vacuum using the laser-flash method. A correlation was observed between the thermal diffusivity and the relative density for the powders reduced at different temperatures, regardless of the difference in microstructure of the powders. In order to explain the porosity dependence of the effective thermal conductivity, a new simple method developed based on the Ohm’s law models was used. The model successfully simulates the experimental data, and the thermal conductivity of bulk Fe2Mo was estimated as 10.8 W/mK.
Method for in situ texture investigation of recrystallization of Cu and Ti by high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction
Authors: Puig-Molina Anna , Wenk Hans-Rudolf , Berberich Florian , Graafsma Heinz
Published: February 2022

High-energy synchrotron radiation has been used to study in situ annealing of cold-rolled Cu and Ti. The measurements were performed using a high-vacuum furnace in transmission geometry and an area detector. The diffraction images were subsequently processed to extract the orientation distribution. The recrystallization process could be followed with a time resolution of the order of 10 s, and good pole figures could be obtained from the very limited amount of data in single diffraction images. The pole figures compare favorably with pole figures of the same material measured ex situ with a conventional pole figure goniometer. For Cu, a rapid and complete change from a typical rolling texture to a cube texture was observed after annealing for 20 min at 650 °C. For Ti, changes were more subtle with a tendency for c-axes to diminish near the normal direction, as well as for a-axes to become aligned with the rolling direction. The method makes it feasible to study the kinetics of recrystallization with quantitative texture analysis.
A simple iterative algorithm based on weighted least-squares for errors-in-variables models: Examples of coordinate transformations
Authors: Kang Zhijun
Published: February 2022

Although weighted total least-squares (WTLS) adjustment within the errors-in-variables (EIV) model is a rigorous method developed for parameter estimation, its exact solution is complicated since the matrix operations are extremely time-consuming in the whole repeated iteration process, especially when dealing with large data sets. This paper rewrites the EIV model to a similar Gauss–Markov model by taking the random error of the design matrix and observations into account, and reformulates it as an iterative weighted least-squares (IWLS) method without complicated theoretical derivation. IWLS approximates the “exact solution” of the general WTLS and provides a good balance between computational efficiency and estimation accuracy. Because weighted LS (WLS) method has a natural advantage in solving the EIV model, we also investigate whether WLS can directly replace IWLS and WTLS to implement the EIV model when the parameters in the EIV model are small. The results of numerical experiments confirmed that IWLS can obtain almost the same solution as the general WTLS solution of Jazaeri [21] and WLS can achieve the same accuracy as the general WTLS when the parameters are small.
On the separation method in stochastic reconstruction problem
Authors: Tleubergenov Marat , Vassilina Gulmira , Ibraeva Gulmira
Published: February 2022

The inverse problem of reconstruction second-order Ito stochastic differential equations by the given properties of motion is solved when control is included in the drift coefficient. By using the separation method, the form of control parameters is determined that provides sufficient conditions for the existence of a given integral manifold for the nonlinear, linear, and scalar cases.
On the convergence of two-step modulus-based matrix splitting iteration method
Authors: Fang Ximing , Fu Shouzhong , Gu Ze
Published: February 2022

In this paper, based on the relationship between the linear complementarity problem and its reformulated fixed-point equation, we discuss the conditions of the modulus-based type iteration methods. Moreover, we present some convergence results on the two-step modulus-based matrix splitting iteration method with an

H

+

{H}_{+}

-matrix. Finally, we give the numerical experiments.
The unexpected crystal structure of thallium(I) tricyanomethanide Tl[C(CN)3]
Authors: Reckeweg Olaf , Lissner Falk , Heitkämper Juliane , Kästner Johannes , Schleid Thomas
Published: February 2022

A metathesis reaction employing Ag[C(CN)3] and TlBr yielded the expected target compound Tl[C(CN)3] from aqueous solution, but after its structural and Raman-spectroscopic characterization, it became clear rather unexpectedly, that the title compound does not crystallize isotypically to any of the heavy alkali-metal tricyanomethanides. Tl[C(CN)3] adopts the space group R32 with the trigonal cell parameters a = 806.03(6) and c = 709.86(5) pm exhibiting a crystal structure still related to the one of the also trigonally crystallizing compounds A[C(CN)3] (A = Rb and Cs; space group:

R

3
‾

c

$R\overline{3}c$

) with doubled c-axes, which display distorted octahedrally coordinated A
+ cations. In Tl[C(CN)3], the Tl+ cations show a trigonal-prismatic coordination sphere with the terminal nitrogen atoms of six tricyanomethanide anions. There is also a long-distance capping of the triangular faces by two tricyanomethanide anions with their central carbon atoms at longer distance (d(Tl–N) = 299 pm; d(Tl⋯C) = 355 pm). Due to these bonding patterns, the tricyanomethanide unit in Tl[C(CN)3] is found to have the smallest volume increment of all [C(CN)3]– anions reported so far. A synopsis of the crystal structures and Raman spectra of all reported tricyanomethanides A[C(CN)3] with monocations (A = Li–Cs, Cu, Ag and Tl) is given. According to quantum-chemical calculations, the central carbon atom within the Y-aromatic π-electron system of the [C(CN)3]– anion and the lone pair at the Tl+ cation are assembled to a one-dimensional string along [001] via Kramers-Anderson super-exchange with equidistant atoms (d(Tl⋯C) = 355 pm), which might be addressed as an undistorted Peierls chain.
Az űr nemzetközi jogi szabályozása, különös tekintettel az űrbányászatra
Authors: Márton Tóth
Published: February 2022

Az elmúlt években az űrbányászat, az űripar az emberiség technológiai fejlődésével párhuzamosan került előtérbe. Elemezni az űrbányászattal kapcsolatos szabályozást – és annak kikerülését – azért tartom fontosnak, mert a hagyományos űripari szereplők – az államok – helyett egyre nagyobb mértékben megjelennek a magánvállalatok, a kereskedelmi társaságok és egyéb nem állami szereplők. A nemzetközi jog legfiatalabb ágaként a világűrjog szabályozza ezeket a kérdéseket, azonban az újabb, nem állami szereplők nem törekednek ezek betartására.  A kérdéskör feltárására bemutatom azt az öt világűrszerződést, amelyet az ENSZ Világűrbizottsága készített annak érdekében, hogy az űrbeli emberi tevékenységek során is biztosítsa az etikus és jogszerű eljárásrendet. Emellett fontosnak tartom a szerződések alkalmazásával kapcsolatos problémák feltárását is. Ennek érdekében rávilágítok arra, hogy a vizsgált tárgykör nem elsősorban jogi (nemzetközi jogi) kérdés: a szerződések születését és érvényesülését elsősorban politikai szempontok határozzák meg.
Next round of the political crisis in Montenegro: causes, scenarios and consequences for Russia
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Entina Ekaterina
Published: February 2022

On February 4, 2022, a vote of no confidence was announced in Montenegro to the “technocrat” government of Zdravko Krivokapic, who came to power as a result of severe internal crisis in the republic on August 30, 2020. Early parliamentary elections will be held in Montenegro in the spring of 2022. The author analyzes reasons for such a short ruling term of the opposition coalition, identifies internal ruptures in the government, and assesses the impact of internal situation in Montenegro on Russia's strategic interests in the Balkans.
Reinstatement to Work under Previous Conditions and the Right to Holiday Leave on the Basis of the Case Law of the Supreme Court and the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Żywolewska Katarzyna
Published: February 2022

This essay concerns analysis of specified provisions of the Labor Code and international acts regarding annual leave, as well as the case law of the Supreme Court and the decisions of the CJEU, in order to address the following question: With regard to an employee employed in Poland, with whom the employer unjustifiably terminated the employment contract, and whom the Labor Court reinstated under previous conditions upon the employee’s request, should the time from the termination of the employment contract to the employee’s reinstatement under the previous conditions be included in the seniority for which the employee is entitled to vacation leave? The conclusion is that, in accordance with the adopted jurisprudence of the Supreme Court, the periods of unemployment due to unlawful termination of an employment contract, from the date of the termination of employment to the date of undertaking work after reinstatement, do not affect the right to vacation leave. A different opinion arises from the CJEU decision discussed here. It should be emphasized that the rule expressed by the CJEU is not applied under Polish labor law.
Evaluation of Project Based Learning Model Trough online Settings to Increase Science Learning Outcomes
Authors: Novitasari Erma , Mediatati Nani
Published: February 2022

During the corona virus pandemic (covid-19) learning existing in the 2013 curriculum must be implemented. The study is to evaluate the increase of students' learning through the PJBL project based learning model with the online setting on science subjects for 5 grade of elementary school. This study is classroom action research with two cycles. The population in the study amounted to 21 and the sample used using the saturated sample. The Instruments in this study were observations and tests of students' learning results. The data collected techniques in this study application were for observation taken by the supervisor, namely the elementary school teacher and also student science test results. The data analysis technique in this study was descriptive and N-gain analysis. The results showed increases in the average result of study and achievement. In the N-gain test, the increase was in moderate categories. It is absorbed by the use of a PJBL with an online setting on a science class lifts everyday life materials so it is easier for the student to run a work project that enhances his studies. Therefore, the PJBL in this research was well implemented.
Development Of LED-Based Props on Planetary Type Starter Motor Maintenance Competency in Vocational Schools
Authors: Jamal Ahmad Syarifudin , Hadromi Hadromi
Published: February 2022

This study aims to develop and evaluate the feasibility level of a planetary type starter motor maintenance aids at the Light Vehicle Engineering’s expertise program in the Vocational High Schools (VHS). The research was conducted in Semarang Vocational High Schools. The study uses of development models consist of 4 stage (Four D) namely: Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate. This feasibility of props development results tested on media feasibility tests, material feasibility tests, test of improvement of learning outcomes between students whose learning is applied props with students who are not applied props and student responses to developed props. Analysis of media and material feasibility data using descriptive techniques, analysis of improved student learning outcomes using t-test tests that previously conducted normality tests, homogeneity tests. Based on the results of the study, props were declared eligible to be applied in vocational schools with an acquisition of 94.44% for media experts and 96.25% for material experts. Improved student learning outcomes from t-test results. The analysis of students' responses to props obtained by 87.60% was very well categorized.
Digital Based Learning Media Development to Increase Baseball Technique for Grade VI Elementary School Students
Authors: Pratama Diyan Surya , Sumarni Sri , Safaruddin Safaruddin , Iyakrus Iyakrus
Published: February 2022

This study aims to produce digital based learning media to improve the Baseball games technique in grade VI Elementary School Students in Palembang city with a total of 40 students by using a limited trial (small group) to 10 students and a vast trial (large group) by using 30 students. Analysing technique in this research is a linear regression model. The results in this study indicate that the implementation of digital media based learning process with Baseball basic technique is used in elementary school. In stage of field test, based on 3 test which examined to the students, that is ball throwing, ball hitting and winning techniques. At the Pre-Test score of 55, 58 and 60 (Quite Good) and in Post-Test getting score of 72, 75 and 79, the criteria increased to Good. The average score of Post-Test is 9.06 with 1.89 as the deviation standard, but on Pre-Test have 1.89 it shows that the assesement on Post-test group is varied more. It can be concluded that digital based learning of media to improve Baseball game technique in grade VI Elementary School Students are valid, practical and feasible to use.
Development Of Android-Based Interactive Jobsheet On Electrical Measuring Equipment Materials In Vocational School
Authors: Badruttamam Muhammad , Hadromi Hadromi
Published: February 2022

This study aims to 1) the feasibility of the developed android-based interactive jobsheet, 2) the effectiveness of the developed android-based interactive jobsheet. 3) Student responses to the developed android-based interactive worksheets. This study uses the ADDIE development model. The experimental design in this study used the One-Group Pretest-Postest Design. The research sample was class X students majoring in Light Vehicle Engineering (TKR). Data analysis used normality test, homogeneity test, product feasibility test and student response analysis. The results of the analysis can be obtained that the android-based interactive jobsheet development results are stated 1) feasible both from the results of the material test and media test with an average score of 80.6% and 81.25%. 2) Effectively used in learning as evidenced by the acquisition of an N-gain of 0.52 and is categorized as a moderate increase in learning outcomes. 3) Student responses to the android-based interactive worksheets that have been developed meet the "interesting" criteria. It is proven that the average percentage of student responses is 73.43%. The researcher suggests that before doing learning, teachers and students are expected to install an Android-based interactive worksheet on a handphone or laptop.
Implementation of Item Response Theory (IRT) Rasch Model in Quality Analysis of Final Exam Tests in Mathematics
Authors: Rahim Abdul , Haryanto Haryanto
Published: February 2022

This study was conducted to analyze the test instrument used to measure the ability of students in the odd semester final exam in mathematics. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. These students consist of 67 people. The questions given are in the form of multiple choice questions totaling 40 items related to the odd semester final exam material. The data analysis technique used quantitative descriptive analysis. The Rasch model is used to obtain fit items. This analysis was carried out with the help of Winsteps 3.73 software. From the output of the Winsteps program, 35 items were obtained according to the Rasch model with an average value of Outfit MNSQ for persons and items of 1.09 and 1.09, respectively. While the Outfit ZSTD values for person and item are -0,1 and -0,2 respectively. Meanwhile, the instrument reliability expressed in Cronbach's alpha is 0.77.
Thermal Power Plant Fuel Consumption Accounting using “Negative” Member Method in Linear Programming Model for Optimal Generation Dispatch
Authors:   Institute of General Energy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Shulzhenko S.V.
Published: February 2022

The mathematical formulas are presented which are used as additional constraints of the mathematical MILP model for optimal dispatch of power system's generation and allow adequately describe the operation of twin-boiler thermal power units both in single-boiler mode and two-boiler mode. These operation modes are widely used by the coal-fired thermal power twin-boiler units connected to the Integrated Power System of Ukraine and due to actual wider operation range allow to increase power system flexibility that is important under the big share of intermittent renewables, namely wind and solar generations. The results of calculations demonstrate that the use of additional proposed constraints allows finding more flexible operation modes of thermal power units resulting in lower curtailment levels for intermittent renewables, lower electricity generation by fossil fuel thermal power units. Notwithstanding that the operation of a twin-boiler coal-fired thermal unit in a single-boiler mode has a higher specific fuel consumption compared with a two-boiler mode the daily coal consumption is lower and that leads to the actual lower environmental impact from the fossil fuel power plants. The time of calculations using proposed MILP for optimal dispatch of power system's generation for one day (24 modeling periods or hours) is about 240 seconds and is long enough which is explained by the increase of the number of integers variables and by the dimension of the constrain matrix (the number of the rows about two times bigger the number of the columns). Those factors essentially complicate the computations with the optimization algorithm used by GLPK solver. Such essential time for the calculations requires more powerful computational equipment for the future generation mix projections task because the time for the calculations for one year could take about 24 hours. Nevertheless, for the one-day generation optimal load dispatch task the proposed model is absolutely suitable. Keywords: Integrated Power System, Load profile, thermal power plant, twin-boiler thermal unit, linear programming model, generation dispatch
Електричний перехід Фредерікса в нематичній комірці з періодичною полярною енергією зчеплення
Authors: Ледней М.Ф. , Тарнавський О.С.
Published: February 2022

Отримано значення порога і запороговий просторовий розподіл директора в електричному полі в нематичній комірці з періодичною енергією зчеплення директора з її поверхнею. Показано, що значення порога немонотонно залежить від числа s періодів енергії зчеплення, що вкладаються на довжині комірки. Запороговий розподіл директора при цілих значеннях s відслідковує періодичну зміну енергії зчеплення. Амплітуда періодичного відхилення директора росте зі зменшенням відношення товщини комірки до періоду енергії зчеплення.
Механізм відпалу VO дефектів в n-Si при високотемпературному імпульсному електронному опроміненні
Authors: Крайчинський А.М. , Красько М.М. , Колосюк А.Г. , Петруня Р.В. , Поварчук В.Ю. , Войтович В.В. , Неймаш В.Б. , Макара В.А. , Руденко Р.М.
Published: February 2022

Досліджено кінетику накопичення комплексу вакансія–кисень (VO) в n-Si, вирощеному методом Чохральського (Cz), при різних інтенсивностях імпульсного 1 МеВ електронного опромінення при температурах, вищих за температуру початку термічного відпалу VO (T ≥ 300 ºC). Показано, що опромінення електронами при таких температурах приводить до прискореного відпалу VO, створених цим опроміненням. Прискорений відпал VO відбувається у процесі дії імпульсу електронів. Максимальна концентрація VO, яка при цьому утворюється, зростає зі збільшенням інтенсивності опромінення і зменшується при збільшенні температури зразків при опроміненні. Запропоновано модель процесу прискореного відпалу, яка ґрунтується на тому, що при електронному опроміненні збуджуються електрони у високоенергетичну долину. При захопленні VO дефектами таких електронів дефектам передається енергія, яка суттєво зменшує енергію активації їх відпалу. Високотемпературна межа ефекту залежить від інтенсивності опромінення і зростає зі збільшенням інтенсивності.
Potensi Interaksi Obat Pada Resep Pasien Diabetes Melitus Rawat Jalan di RS X Jakarta Pusat
Authors: Handayani Khalida , Saibi Yardi
Published: February 2022

Interaksi obat merupakan bagian dari masalah terkait obat yang dapat mempengaruhi terapi pasien. Kemungkinan interaksi obat meningkat 2,5 kali lipat untuk setiap obat yang ditambahkan dalam resep pasien. Pasien diabetes melitus termasuk yang rentan terhadap kejadian interaksi obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mengetahui gambaran potensi interaksi obat pada peresepan obat antidiabetik oral di RS X Jakarta Pusat periode Januari sampai Maret 2014. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan rancangan deskriptif dan data diambil secara retrospektif. Seluruh resep yang yang mengandung obat antidiabetes oral dijadikan populasi. Besaran sampel dihitung dengan rumus Slovin. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariat untuk mendeskripsikan persentase kejadian interaksi obat dan analisa bivariat dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji statistik kai kuadrat . Dari total 310 resep yang menjadi sampel, terdapat 56,13% resep yang berpotensi mengalami interaksi obat dengan 79,24% interaksi terdapat pada resep dengan ≥5 obat. Mekanisme interaksi secara farmakodinamik mendominasi dengan 214 kasus (40,30%). Uji statistik memperlihatkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jumlah obat yang ada dalam resep dengan potensi  interaksi obat yang teridentifikasi (p<0,05). Hasil odds ratio menunjukan bahwa pasien yang menerima jumlah obat ≥5 beresiko 10,278 kali lebih tinggi mengalami potensi interaksi obat (95% CI, 5.933-17.806). Potensi interaksi obat pada resep pasien rawat jalan di RS X Jakarta masih cukup tinggi. Apoteker perlu melakukan skrining terhadap resep pasien diabetes melitus sebagai bagian dari pelaksanaan standar pelayanan kefarmasian khususnya dalam mendeteksi potensi interaksi obat
Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol 70% Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays L.) Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Kolesterol Total dan LDL pada Hamster Hiperlipidemia
Authors: Wiyati Tuti , Harsodjo Sri , Nur Aulia Syella
Published: February 2022

Tongkol jagung selama ini hanya dianggap sebagai limbah pangan dan masih sedikit pemanfaatannya. Tongkol jagung memiliki kandungan senyawa kimia flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin yang berkhasiat sebagai antihiperlipidemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak etanol 70% tongkol jagung terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol total dan LDL pada hamster jantan hiperlipidemia. Hamster dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok, yaitu kelompok I (kontrol normal), kelompok II (kontrol negatif), kelompok III (atorvastatin dosis 2,47 mg/kgBB), kelompok IV, V, VI (ekstrak tongkol jagung dengan dosis masing-masing secara berurutan: 150 mg/kgBB; 300 mg/kgBB; dan 600 mg/kgBB). Pemberian pakan tinggi lemak dilakukan untuk semua kelompok kecuali kelompok normal selama 28 hari masa perlakuan. Data persentase penurunan kadar kolesterol total dan LDL dianalisis dengan uji ANOVA satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol 70% tongkol jagung dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total dan LDL (p<0,05). Dosis 600 mg/kgBB mempunyai aktivitas paling baik dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol total dan LDL secara berurutan yaitu 35,48%; 36,36%. Namun aktivitas ini tidak sebanding dengan kontrol positif (atorvastatin).
Aprendizajes globales
Authors: Crispin Jairo
Published: February 2022

El libro Aprendizajes globales del sociólogo, intelectual, activista y jurista portugués Boaventura de Sousa Santos y el filósofo político español Antoni Aguiló, es una conversación fluida que invita a articular un viaje de lectura y reflexión desde las epistemologías del Sur. El libro reseñado hace parte de la colección Antrazyt, de la editorial Icaria, la cual pretende ser una herramienta de estudio imprescindible para las comunidades universitarias, estudiosos en general, gestores políticos y sociales.
Las implicaciones socio-económicas de la pandemia por COVID-19: ideas para la acción en políticas públicas
Authors: Narvaez Hoyos Dina Marcela , Ramírez León Francisco Javier , Berrocal Mendoza Marina Yulieth
Published: February 2022

Se reseña un libro de pertinencia actual en relación con el análisis que hace de las implicaciones del Covid 19 en materia de políticas públicas en América Latina y el Caribe.
Pobreza, punitivismo y control: rumbos de la asistencia social en Brasil en el contexto de crisis
Authors: Dahmer Pereira Tatiana , Pastorini Alejandra
Published: February 2022

Nos ocupamos aquí de la construcción de la política pública de asistencia social brasileña en el actual contexto de la crisis del capital. Esta crisis imprime en la política de asistencia social un progresivo carácter de control y punitivismo sobre los pobres. El artículo, basado en una investigación bibliográfica, tiene tres partes. Primero abordamos las particularidades de la formación social brasileña; luego analizamos la materialización de la intensificación del control -base del sometimiento moral y de la expoliación financiera-, a partir de una política que debería garantizar la protección social y mitigar las desigualdades. Finalmente, consideramos el agravamiento del delicado contexto pandémico.
A INFLUÊNCIA DE MEDICAMENTOS ANTIRRETROVIRAIS NO TRATAMENTO SINTOMATOLÓGICO DA ESCLEROSE MÚLTIPLA
Authors: Jacociunas Laura Vicedo , Rosa Cristine Souza da
Published: February 2022

A esclerose mútipla é uma das doenças desmielinizantes mais comumente estudada e teve um crescimento global da média do número de casos entre 2008 e 2013. A evolução clínica dá-se através de déficits e sintomas, ambos de cunho neurológico,que prejudicam a rotina e a qualidade de vida do portador da doença. O tratamento para a esclerose múltipla é feito através de fármacos imunossupressores e imunomoduladores. Estudos recentes associaram a melhora dos sintomas da esclerose múltiplaem pacientes que são soropositovos para HIV e que estão realizando tratamento para o víruscom os antirretrovirais. Há a hipótese de que esses medicamentos agem suprimindo a expressão de retrovírus endógenos humanos, incorporados ao genoma humano durante a evolução da espécie, e se investiga se estes estão associados ao desenvolvimento da esclerose múltipla. A fim de elucidar se há a eficácia de antirretrovirais no tratamento dos sintomas da esclerose múltipla, dados foram pesquisados na literatura científica. Neste estudo ficou claro que os antirretrovirais podem auxiliar os pacientes portadores de esclerose múltipla no que se refere a atenuação dos sintomas, principalmente nos quadros de surtos. Entretanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias para elucidar melhor estes processos, requerendo maior tempo de estudo e um número mais elevado de pacientes.
Expression of gene coding endoglucanase GH5-4 derived from meagenomic DNA data of bacteria in goats rumen in \(\textit{Escherichia coli}\)
Authors: Dang Nguyen Hai , Huyen Do Thi , Kien Nguyen Thi , Hoa Ha Thi Thuy , Giang Le Quynh , Khoa Dao Trong , Hai Truong Nam
Published: February 2022

Glycoside Hydrolase family 5 (GH5) members share a broad range of enzymatic activities on oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and glycoconjugates from a wide range of species. The subfamily 4 (GH5-4) is enriched in some broad-specificity endo-β-1,4-endoglucanases (EG). From metagenomic DNA data of bacteria in Vietnam goats' rumen, a gene GL0361920 coding for endoglucanase GH5-4 was mined and selected for expression in Escherichia coli. Firstly, the codons of the gene were optimized and the codon optimized gene (eg3) was artificially synthesized and inserted into pET21a(+) at NdeI-XhoI positions for expression in E. coli. The results of the gene expression in five E. coli strains analyzed by SDS-PAGE showed that the recombinant endoglucanase (EG3) coded by eg3 was the best expressed in BL21, Origami strains, was not expressed in JM109 strain and expressed at very little amount in C43 and Rosetta strains. Among LB, TB, LB, SB, TBD media, the recombinant BL21 strain grew best at TB medium and produced total EG3 higher than the other media. The inducer IPTG gave a negative effect on the growth of the cells but the increase concentration of IPTG from 0.05 mM to 0.9 mM did not increase the negative impact on the cell mass and produced EG3 was nearly the same at the different IPTG concentrations. At 25 oC, in the TB medium containing 0.1 mM IPTG, the recombinant E. coli BL21 strain harboring pET21-eg3 produced about half of endoglucanase EG3 in a soluble form exhibiting activity hydrolyzing CMC substrate. At the OD600=10, soluble EG3 accumulated in the recombinant E. coli BL21 strain had the activity of 0.22 ± 0.006 U/ml.
Characterization and electrical response of reactively sputtered thin film deposited at oxygen and nitrous oxide environment
Authors: Islam Karimul , Sultana Rezwana , Chakraborty Supratic
Published: February 2022

Niobium oxynitride (NbON) thin films were deposited on silicon substrate using DC reactive magnetron sputtering technique of niobium metal targets at different nitrous oxide (N2O) and oxygen flow in the plasma during deposition. To get NbON thin films, the deposition parameters
were also optimized. X-ray reflectivity (XRR) technique was used to estimate the film thickness of the as deposited films. The films' surface morphology and chemical compositions were investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS) techniques. SEM images indicate the smooth surface morphology of the deposited films. XPS study exposes the noticeable presence of N2 in the niobium oxynitride films deposited with only 20 sccm nitrous oxide flows in the plasma. The leakage current-voltage (I-V) measurement
reveals the reduction in leakage current with higher N2O and lowers oxygen flow rates. The resistivity of the thin films was measured. The thin films deposited with higher N2O flow give high resistivity because of lesser availability of defect states. It may be stated
that nitrous oxide content reduces the leakage current thus, improves the film and interface properties.
Is There a Delay in Emergency Surgical Procedures in a Designated COVID-19 Hospital? -The Hospital Sungai Buloh (Malaysia) Experience
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Malaysia., Aroona S
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The global pandemic Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS, CoV-2) is highly contagious and has driven many hospitals including Hospital Sungai Buloh (HSB) in Malaysia to become a designated hospital exclusively for COVID-19 patients only. These patients may develop complications requiring surgical consultation and intervention which have led to concerns regarding delay in the surgical management of these patients. Currently, there is a paucity of published data worldwide with regards to whether there is a delay in the time taken to perform the intended emergency procedure that has been planned by the attending surgical team. Method: This single-centered, retrospective study aims to investigate whether there is any delay in performing emergency surgical procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic in HSB from 1/3/2020 to 30/3/2021. All the cases were categorized based on recommended priority into acute emergency, emergency, and urgent. Results: There were a total of 105 patients; 5(4.8%) acute emergency cases, 22(21.0%) emergency cases, and 78 (74% cases) required an urgent intervention of which the majority had an endoscopic procedure performed i.e., 85.9% (67 cases) compared to surgery, 14.1% (11 cases). Patients in the emergency procedure category took the longest time to intervene whereby the median time taken was 548 minutes. 50% of patients in this category were delayed. Patients in the acute emergency category had delays seen in all 5 patients, with a median of 239 minutes. On the other hand, patients in the urgent category had only 10.3% of the patients who were delayed. Conclusion: From the total of 105 patients requiring emergency surgical intervention over 12 months period during the COVID-19 pandemic, the delay was seen in 24 patients (23% of cases). Multiple factors contributing to the delay have been postulated, pertaining to the implementation of the new Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) in managing COVID-19 patients in general, which needs to be verified with further study and addressed accordingly. KEYWORDS: Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19 Pandemic, Emergency surgical intervention, Managing COVID-19 patients.
Consumption characteristics of Chinese travelers by residence using big data of tourist consumption: A sample of mobile payment of Chinese tourists visited Korea
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Tae-Sook , Jang Tae-Soon
Published: February 2022

On the basis of mobile data, which payment was actually made in this country, this study diagnosed the consumption pattern of Chinese visitors who visited South Korea. The data was provided by a Chinese public data organization, and UnionPay data was used, which included payment information by month, gender, and age for Chinese visitors who visited South Korea in 2019. It specifically examined the type of gender, age, and industry for their place of residence. This study classified residence in China into six areas: North central, East central, South central, Northwest, Southwest, and Northeast. According to the findings, travelers from East Central spent the most, followed by travelers from North Central, South Central, Northeast, Southwest, and Northwest. According to the findings of this study, Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen, Qingdao, Hangzhou, Shenyang, and Tianjin are major consumption cities. Female travelers from the East Central region spent the most, while male travelers from the Northwest spent the least. Spending by female travelers shows a large variation by region, whereas spending by male travelers shows a slight increase. In terms of age by residence, the thirties had the highest consumption, followed by the forties and below thirties, which had comparable consumption levels in all regions. Travelers from East Central spent the most in all industries, according to an analysis of residence and industry type. Northwest visitors spent the least. Furthermore, it appeared that the industry with the highest expenditure was retail. Such a discussion is timely, and it will be useful in the future to understand and diagnose the rapidly changing Chinese tourist consumption market.