bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of sago mill effluent for methane production using anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR)
Authors:   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mohamad Sabri Rafiqqah
Published: April 2021

In this research, sago mill effluent was treated using anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR). Seven HRT from 10 to 1.5 days were tested to evaluate the methane production from sago mill effluent. The findings revealed the highest methane production rate was found at 1.288 L CH4/L reactor. d under HRT of 2 days The results showed that COD removals decreased from 70% to 47% as HRT was reduced from 10 to 2 days. The HRT 1.5 days was found critical for the studied system, which leads to decreased in methane production, yield and COD removal. Overall, ASBR was capable to treat sago mill effluent in producing methane by means of anaerobic digestion.
Perceived Sustainability Performance of Black Air Gun (BAG)
Authors:   Politeknik Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, Malaysia, Zaini Zarinah
Published: April 2021

Sustainability is a worldwide objective in balancing the gradual rise of human requirements and the decay of resources. In further aspect, the conceptual paper studies the sustainability performance of new techniques to control sewage contamination in order to prevent foul odors into the habitable space from drainage network, which is important for the healthiness and comfort of living environment. Waste drain pipe is a prominent facility in service engineering development and it is essential in regulating sewage contamination that is commonly obstructed by ungoverned disposal of debris by domestics and commercial buildings. This act is common and consistent in arising disturbance causing the failure of sewage management. This research emphasizes on the innovative establishment of a new controlling method upon sewage contamination known as Black Air Gun (BAG); this indicator is operated based on Perceived Sustainability Performance Indicators (PSPI). This indicator functions to evaluate the impact of BAG upon sewage contamination control. Furthermore, PSPI can acknowledge the sustainability issue of BAG usage in sewage management as a basis for evaluating the impact of BAG towards sewage contamination control. Adopting PSPI in this study will effectively provide a sustainable establishment attained for improvement of people’s quality of life in long term aspects.
Students Perception to Aero Intel Mobile Application in Learning Aircraft Airframe
Authors:   Politeknik Banting Selangor, Ismail Norisza Dalila
Published: April 2021

Aero Intel mobile application (mobile app) is an interactive learning application which is specific to aircraft airframe providing information to help aircraft maintenance engineering students. The objective for this study is to investigate students’ perceptions towards Aero Intel mobile app. Quantitative study using questionnaires have involved 78 respondents of semester 1 students of Diploma Engineering of Aircraft Maintenance from Politeknik Banting Selangor. The questionnaires constructed about ownership of smartphone, frequency use of type of apps, are they interested to download educational app and most importantly, students’ perceptions after exploring the Aero Intel mobile app. All respondents owned smartphones and 97.4% interested to use apps for academic purposes. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The finding results revealed the students have positive perception towards Aero Intel mobile application. Thus, the use of this application is expected to help students’ understanding in aircraft airframe and various feedbacks given to encourage educator as the developer to explore and improving development of mobile app for diverse needs in teaching and learning.
Investigation Effect of Spring Back on Bending Test of (DP590) Dual Phase Steel
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia, Buang Muhamad Sani
Published: April 2021

: The use of advanced high strength steels as a metal in sheet metal forming in automotive industry currently has been increased where Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) especially Dual Phase (DP590) Steels have gained a great attention due to a combination of high strength and good formability. However, one of the major constraints in forming AHSS is the occurrence of high spring back caused by elastic relaxation after loading, which causes illness-fitting in part assembly and geometric deviation of the intended design. Spring back is the main problem of defect that occurs at sheet metal after the bending process which creates problems for the parts during the assembly. This paper presents an investigation the effect of spring back on bending test of Dual Phase Steel (DP590). Punch travel and thickness are among factors affecting the spring back behavior. Various parameter value; punch radius (5mm), die radius (5mm), die gap (70mm), thickness of specimen 1mm and 2mm, punch travel/stroke (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) from 20 mm depth, punch speed (2mm/min) and Orientation of sheet cutting, which is in rolling (00°), diagonal (45°) and transverse (90°). From the analysis of V-bending test punch travel, thickness and orientation of sheet cutting are significant factor that affecting the spring back phenomena. The result form this experiment could be useful for design engineers and manufacturing engineers to make improvement of predict the spring back behavior and also to understanding the material properties of AHSS in order to eliminate spring back and achieve good final product.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cassava-Bamboo Composite Lumber
Authors:   1University College of Technology Sarawak, Mohd Ghani Ros Syazmini
Published: April 2021

The study was carried out to determine the physical and mechanical properties of composite lumber made from cassava (Mahinot esculenta Crantz) and bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) in different ratios which is 100% cassava with 0% bamboo, 75% cassava with 25% bamboo, 50% cassava with 50% bamboo, 25% cassava with 75% bamboo and 0% cassava with 100% bamboo. The tests samples for determining the strength properties were divided into two categories namely mechanical testing and physical testing. Basic density of the samples was carried out for physical testing. The lowest basic density was in samples with 100% cassava which is 0.49 g/cm3 and highest in samples with 100% bamboo which is 0.68 g/cm3 . Two tests for the mechanical testing are bending test and compression test. In bending test, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) were both highest for samples with 100% bamboo which the reading of MOE was 16794.03 N/mm2 and 122.52 N/mm2 for MOR. Similar to the bending test, compression test is the highest for the samples with 100% bamboo which are 65.58 N/mm2 . From statistical analysis, the basic density, static bending can compression strength give significant value at 95% confidence interval.
The Development of A Power Recycling Prototype for Renewable Energy using DC Motor
Authors:   Politeknik Tuanku Sultanah Bahiyah, Malaysia, Wan Jusoh Wan Nor Shela Ezwane
Published: April 2021

Energy consumption is an important part of life today because without the power a work cannot be done. The energy used today will be lost or waste without renewable energy or power recycle back. In reality, energy use has always had a noticeable impact on the environment. Overconsumption of energy is the main trigger for the global warming that is now threatening to cause devastation in many areas of the world. Each year, electricity consumption in Malaysia is always an increase. This can contribute to the occurrence of global warming. This project will be designed for renewable energy or recycle power to avoid waste of energy from lost. Also, this project consider regarding the Green Technology without polluting the environment. The objective is to develop a prototype or hardware that aims to renewable energy using the 12V DC Motor as a generator which is use rear shaft of table fan as a medium to drive the 12V DC Motor and also to analyze the power consumption of table fan before and after install with hardware. The methods used to design the connector and DC motor holder is using a solidwork software, then construct the circuit simulation using a proteus software and also use a microcontroller PIC16F877A as a controller. The result obtained from the testing and experiments by integrating the hardware part, electrical part and software part. Finally, with the development of a power recycling prototype for renewable energy using DC Motor application, the wasted energy can be reused from conversion to other energy and energy can be used as renewable energy.
The Effect of Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans To Carbon Steel Grade API 5L X70
Authors:   Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Ishak Nur Bazilah
Published: April 2021

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) caused by the presence of Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is a big concern in heavy industries. Pipeline infrastructure may experience severe metal loss due to corrosion induced by the species and can potentially lead to catastrophic failure. By studying SRB growth condition, important parameter can be controlled to prevent or slow down a corrosion process. This study discussed on the effect of pH value to the corrosion growth rate on API 5L X70 low carbon steel subjected to outer part of underground pipeline. In this research, the type of SRB that's been used is Postgate C of Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans. There are 80 numbers of samples prepared with various pH value and temperature, which each of the samples contains two coupon steel immersed in the medium together with SRB for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The process in determining weight loss is analyzed and the corrosion rate for each steel sample is identified by weight loss. The result is plotted and analyzed, the particular pH values and temperature affect the growth of SRB in the medium where the existence of SRB could accelerate the corrosion rate towards the steel surface of API X-70. The samples are exposed to SRB in days’ time. This experiment aims to determine the optimum temperature for SRB growth and demonstrate the corrosion rate simulation using One-Factor-at-A-Time method (OFAT) method. The consequences of SRB activity, it is shown that pitting corrosion produced on the surface of steel. In fact, the sulphur element is identified as one of the corrosion products due to SRB activity.
The Compressive Strength of Concrete Containing Eggshell Powder and Palm Oil Fuel Ash Cured in Tap Water and River Water
Authors:   University College of Technology Sarawak, Malaysia, Mohamad Mazizah Ezdiani
Published: April 2021

Cement production is a major environmental problem that causes the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This study attempts to sustainably use palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and eggshell powder (ESP) as partial replacements for Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in concrete production. POFA and ESP are two wastes that need to be managed to reduce their detrimental environmental effects. As such compressive and slump tests were conducted on POFA-ESP-OPC concrete mixtures by replacing 10% of OPC with POFA-ESP. Two mediums of curing were used: tap water and river water. It was found that the compressive strength and slump resistance of these mixtures were within the ranges typically encountered in regular concrete mixtures indicating the viability of this procedure employed for structural applications.
Shantala in the primary health care for the promotion of children care: experience report / A Shantala na atenção primária à saúde para promoção do cuidado infantil: relato de experiência / Shantala en la atención primaria de salud para promoción del cuidado infantil: relato de experiencia
Authors: Carneiro Douglas Rafael da Cruz , Santos Edilene Silva dos , Oliveira Glaucia Da Paixão Leitão , Neves Lorena Nayara Alves , Araújo Maria Rute de Souza
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: descrever a experiência vivenciada por acadêmicos de enfermagem ao ministrar uma oficina de Shantala para mães e gestantes na atenção primária à saúde. Metodologia: estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, onde foi realizada uma oficina de Shantala em uma unidade básica de saúde no município de Belém-Pará. Resultados: as ações realizadas trouxeram para a comunidade informações acerca do tema abordado, pois desconheciam. A exposição da técnica Shantala mostrou-se positiva quanto a aceitação e a adequação, visto que, no momento do manejo, os participantes demonstravam interesse na técnica e nenhuma dificuldade no passo a passo. Conclusão: a aplicação da técnica na atenção primária à saúde apresentou-se exitosa, pôde se trabalhar a efetivação das práticas integrativas e complementares e novas perspectivas para o cuidado à criança. A disseminação da técnica é relevante pois proporciona uma forma de cuidado simples, barata e plenamente eficaz, e promove um maior vínculo do usuário com os serviços de saúde. É necessário promover mais exemplos de aplicação de práticas integrativas e complementares para o cuidado infantil, para satisfazer a necessidade de publicações científicas sobre a Shantala na atenção primária à saúde.Descritores: Terapias complementares. Atenção primária à saúde. Cuidados de enfermagem. Promoção da saúde. Assistência integral à saúde.
Welcome to Brazil: An Analysis of the Migration of Foreign Players to Brazilian Basketball
Authors:   State University of Maringa, Health Science Center, Department of Physical Education, Maringa, Brazil, Rojo Jeferson Roberto , Malagutti Joao Paulo Melleiro ,   State University of Maringa, Health Science Center, Department of Physical Education, Maringa, Brazil, Canan Felipe ,   University of Amazonas State, School of Health Sciences, Manaus, Brazil, Hirata Edson ,   Federal University of Technology, Departament of Humanities, Campo Mourao, Brazil, Starepravo Fernando Augusto ,   State University of Maringa, Health Science Center, Department of Physical Education, Maringa, Brazil
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to analyze the migration of foreign athletes to compete in the New Basketball Brazil (NBB). This descriptive study was used for documentary research, and data were collected from the National Basketball League (LNB), referring to all seasons of the competition. The results point to a gradual increase in the number of foreign players until the 2013/14 season, after a slight decline. It was also observed that Minas was the club that received the most foreigners and that counted on them in all the seasons. The country with the highest number of migrant athletes in the NBB was the United States. It was concluded that the pattern of migration of foreigners in Brazilian basketball is predominantly continental and that the coming of many Americans to Brazil can be explained by the fact that the United States is the mother country of many players whose quality is superior to their domestic demand. That leads these players to leave the world's largest basketball league, the NBA, corroborating the reality of other countries' leagues around the world.
Differences in Split Times between the Elite Breaststroke Swimmers
Authors:   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Vasic Ana , Djurovic Marko ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Madic Dejan ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sports and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Okicic Tomislav ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia
Published: April 2021

The aim of this research was to determine the differences between the finalists and semifinalists of the 2019 World Championships in the 100 m breaststroke. The total sample of subjects included in the study consisted of 23 male participants of the 2019 World Swimming Championships, who were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of finalists (24.75 ± 1.58 years; n = 8), and the second group of semifinalists (25.00 ± 3.38 years; n = 15). The results are taken from the official website of the International Swimming Federation (FINA). The variables analyzed in this study are: Split 1 - first passing time of the 100 m breaststroke, Split 2 - second passing time of the 100 m breaststroke, T100 - total time of the 100 m breaststroke. All data were processed by statistical analysis one‐way ANOVA. The results of the research showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the final and semifinal groups in any of the examined variables, but there are evident numerical differences that are more pronounced in the Split 2 (F = 2.063; p = .166). Based on these results, it can be concluded that swimmers who excel in their abilities in the other 50 m of the race, or achieve better times in this segment of the race, will achieve a better final result.
Sport, Physical Exercise and Public Health in Georgia
Authors:   Georgian State Teaching University of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Sport Management, Tbilisi, Georgia, Margvelashvili Maia
Published: April 2021

The present study is focused on the sport, physical exercise, and their role in the public health of Georgia. In this paper, the situation created by the COVID-19 global pandemic and its negative consequences on the physical or mental health of individuals was not considered, as at this stage, as the pandemic is not yet about to recede, it is too early to draw any far-reaching conclusions. Life after the pandemic will be quite different, but the significance of sports and physical activity for human health will probably become more in the spotlight. The paper discusses the low participation in physical activity of the population in Georgia as the risk factor for non-contagious diseases, as well as explains and analysis many reasons for such low engagement. Finally, the paper provides some recommendations, which in the author's opinion, will be beneficial for achieving growth of participation of the Georgian population in mass sport and physical activities.
RUSSIAN DIASPORA. SUMMATION AND RESEARCH PROSPECTS
Authors:   All-Russian Records Management and Archival Science Research Institute, Sabennikova Irina V.
Published: April 2021

The historiography of any historically significant phenomenon goes through several stages in its development. At the beginning − it is the reaction of contemporaries to the event they experienced, which is emotional in nature and is expressed in a journalistic form. The next stage can be called a retrospective understanding of the event by its actual participants or witnesses, and only at the third stage there does appear the objective scientific research bringing value-neutral assessments of the phenomenon under study and belonging to subsequent generations of researchers. The history of The Russian Diaspora and most notably of the Russian post-revolutionary emigration passed to the full through all the stages of the issue historiography. The third stage of its studying dates from the late 1980s and is characterized by a scientific, politically unbiased study of the phenomenon of the Russian emigration community, expanding the source base and scientific research methods. During the Soviet period in Russian historiography, owing to ideological reasons, researchers ‘ access to archival documents was limited, which is why scientific study of the history of the Russian Diaspora was not possible. Western researchers also could not fully develop that issue, since they were deprived of important sources kept in Russian archives. Political changes in the perestroika years and especially in the period after the collapse of the Soviet Union increased attention to the Russian Diaspora, which was facilitated by a change in scientific paradigms, methodological principles, the opening of archives and, as a result, the expansion of the source base necessary for studying that issue. The historiography of the Russian Diaspora, which has been formed for more than thirty years, needs to be understood. The article provides a brief analysis of the historiography, identifies the main directions of its development, the research problematics, and defines shortcomings and prospects.
KARL A. WITTFOGEL AND THE FORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF HYDRAULIC STATE IN MESOAMERICA
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Beliaev Dmitri
Published: April 2021

The article describes the evolution of the ideas about the of social and economic nature and political structure of pre-Columbian societies of Mesoamerica of the founder of the theory of “hydraulic society” Karl Wittfogel (1896–1988). An analysis of Wittfogel’s early publications shows that he initially attributed Mesoamerica to the type of oriental “feudal” societies that did not develop a despotic-type state. The change of this position was connected to the contacts with the Mesoamericanists like Paul Kirchhoff and Pedro Carrasco and cooperation with Julian Steward. Wittfogel’s theoretical ideas had an important impact on the position of Angel Palerm, who formulated his own concept of the emergence of urban civilization in Mesoamerica. The work of Palerm and Pedro Armillas, in their turn, contributed to the final formulation of Wittfogel’s views of the pre-Hispanic history. In “Oriental Despotism” (1957), Wittfogel suggested that civilization in Mesoamerica was based on hydraulic system and separated two regional variants. The first, defined as semi-complex (“loose”) hydraulic society (subtype L2), includes the states of Central Mexico (Aztec and Texcoco). The second called “marginal hydraulic societies substantial hydraulic elements” (subtype M1) was represented by the lowland Maya.
COMPANY “FRIEDRICH KRUPP” AT THE FIRST SOVIET ALL-UNION AGRICULTURAL EXHIBITION IN 1923
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Blinov Ivan S.
Published: April 2021

The article is focused on the first Soviet All-Union Agricultural Exhibition and the participation of German industrialists in it, in particular the Friedrich Krupp Company. Following the documents from the Russian State Archive of Economics, as well as a wide range of periodicals the author shows that the Soviet exhibition was positively reviewed by Western businessmen as an extremely important political event, but foreign entrepreneurs had to face a number of challenges associated with the special nature of the Soviet economic system. Despite the difficult conditions set by the People’s Commissariat of Foreign Trade (NKVT) of the USSR for exhibitors, German companies could maintain a general enthusiasm, largely due to the awareness of the special political significance of the event and the personal motivation of individual participants. The author examines the peculiarities of realizing the personal ambitions of entrepreneurs in the context of the Soviet exhibition on the example of the Friedrich Krupp Company. Participation in the exhibition was a logical continuation of the Krupp development in the agricultural field. Krupp became a guide to the world of advanced agricultural technologies and used an every opportunity to strengthen ties with the Russian market, continuing to develop cooperation that began with the organization of an agricultural concession in the south of Soviet Russia.
THE ROLE OF POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES IN THE MODERN CANADA. IS THEIR SIGNIFICANCE GROWING OR FALLING?
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Komarov Andrei N.
Published: April 2021

The article reveals an evolution of political ideologies in Canada in 1993–2019. Following the Russian and foreign historiography, as well as the election programs of Conservatives and Liberals, the author analyzes the influence of political ideologies on the voting of Canadian voters in parliamentary elections in the late 20th – early 21st centuries. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that Canada is still a country committed to political ideologies. He also considers as unacceptable the thesis about an absence of ideologies in Canada within the existing post-industrial society. The author believes that the model for political development of Canada, laid down in the second half of the 19th century by the founders of the state, is still effective at the present time. In a post-industrial society, Canada clearly follows national traditions based on previously developed political ideologies. That is what constitutes the foundation for the rule-of-law state and civil society in Canada. The author emphasizes that, despite the activities of other political movements, conservative and liberal ideologies represent the leading directions of the state development in Canada. Other political ideologies, like social democracy, are largely secondary and do not determine the present and future of the Canadian state.
QUESTION ON THE WOMEN IDJITIHAD AND RELIGIOUS MENTORSHIP IN RELIGIOUS PRACTICES OF IRANIAN SHIITES
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Ravandi-Fadai Lana M.
Published: April 2021

The article examines the question of the women religious mentorship in modern Iran. It is shown that Iranian theologians differed in their opinion whether a woman can be a religious mentor (marja): many of them supported it, others agreed to it only if she should mentor other women, and many others, including Ayatollah Khomeini, opposed it. Brief biographies of two most prominent female marjas are given: those of Nesrat Amin and Zahra Sefati. Both of them received a permission to interpret Islamic texts from distinguished Iranian ayatollahs. With theirinitiative and eagernessfor knowledge, they managed to succeed in Shiite theology and their works were highly regarded by Iranian ayatollahs. It is evident that their activities were closely linked to important events that happened in Iranian society during their lifetime: the Constitutional Revolution, anti-religious Shah regime, Islamic Revolution. Currently due to increase in the education and social activity among women, a need arose to officially allow women to become marja. Today, in Iran there works the Women Council on Islamic Law, what allows to expand the role of women in development of Islamic Law
LEGITIMATION OF THE POWER OF THE SUPREME LEADER (RAHBAR) OF IRAN ACCORDING TO THE INTERPRETATION OF THE MAJOR IRANIAN POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS FIGURES
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Filin Nikita A.
Published: April 2021

The political regime in Iran is based on the unity of Islamic and republican principles. The religious elite exercise the monopoly power in the country, controlling the secular elective institutions. In this regard, the legitimation of the Supreme Leader, who has all the power in the country, is very important. US leaders and Iranian foreign opposition consistently criticize the Islamic regime, accusing it of massive repression of the opposition and of the inability to successfully rule the country. The Supreme Leader yet proves the necessity of his power by the statement that the regime created in Iran (being the best possible in the world, since it best corresponds to Islamic teachings) is a true democracy, unlike the regimes in the West, and can satisfy the essential needs of the Iranian people. He believes that if a secular regime is established in Iran under pressure from the West, the government will lose its Islamic essence, what will negatively affect the development of Iran and put it under the control of Western elites. Such a position of him is also supported by the people holding the highest secular and clerical offices in the country.
Alien hand and complex regional pain syndromes during rehabilitation program
Authors: Tarnacka Beata , Turczyn Paweł
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Alien hand syndrome (AHS) belongs to the group of asymmetrical movement symptoms that are a characteristic picture of neurodegenerative diseases such as corticobasal degeneration syndrome (CBS). Changes in the musculoskeletal system such as dystonia, bradykinesia and myoclonus may also occur in the subacute stage of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I.

Aim:
To learn about difficulties related to diagnosis and rehabilitation of a patient with AHS and CRPS type I complicated by an upper limb fracture.

Case study:
A case of a patient admitted to the rehabilitation department with compulsive unilateral involuntary groping and grasping movements of the left hand for about half a year is presented. The woman has been suspected of CBS. A few months after the diagnosis, the patient was admitted to the rehabilitation ward, where she suffered an elbow fracture during exercise. Two months after fracture, type I CRPS was diagnosed.

Results and discussion:
AHS in CBS and CRPS type I may have a similar clinical picture, which makes differentiation difficult. It is very rare that both diseases coexist with each other. They can also lead to a number of unwanted symptoms such as limb fractures.

Conclusions:
CRPS may increase the symptoms of dystonia due to other causes. Patients with AHS and dystonia are more likely to break because of rapid movements alone or because of immobilization and osteoporotic changes. As a result, treatment and rehabilitation cannot be based on a questionable diagnosis of a neurological syndrome.
Antecedents of Family Conflict in Uganda
Authors: Matama Rogers , Mkwizu Kezia H.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore the antecedents of family conflict in Uganda. A qualitative approach was used in this study. A sample size of 139 participants provided data which was subjected to content analysis. Results revealed that the core themes associated with family conflict are finances and priority of resources. Further findings show that differences in tastes and interests, selfishness and lack of communication played a key role as causes of family conflicts. The implication of this study is that finances and priority of resources are antecedents of family conflict in the context of Uganda. Therefore, the antecedents of family conflict that emerged from this study can be understood, defined and analyzed through the lens of social identity theory. Future research may include conducting quantitative studies with a particular demographic using the themes that have emerged from this study.
Мониторинг динамики орошаемого рисоводства в Казалинском районе Кзылординской области Казахстана (1984-2017 гг.)
Authors: Дегтярева Ольга , Муратова Надежда , Сальников Виталий , Тиль Микаэль
Published: April 2021

Ирригационная зона на территории Казалинского района Кзылординской области Республики Казахстана располагается в дальней концевой части низовья реки Сырдарья. Выработавшая свой ресурс система водоснабжения и широко распространенная деградация пахотных земель затрудняют местное сельскохозяйственное производство, фокусирующееся на рисоводстве. Настоящее исследование ставило своей целью изучить динамику развития производственной системы в указанном экологически неблагоприятной районе посредством составления и анализа кадастра сельскохозяйственного землепользования с особым вниманием к выращиванию риса. Для создания ежегодных графических рисовых масок (фильтров) Казалинского региона на основе изображений Landsat 1984-2017 гг. использовался неконтролируемый классификатор k-средних. При анализе пространственной структуры и тенденций интенсивности рисовых посевов и заброшенных земель использовались три индикатора, полученные в результате анализа изображений вышеупомянутых масок. Наконец, факторы выявленных пространственных закономерностей интенсивности рисовых посевов в течение 1984-2017 гг. были смоделированы по методу регрессионного анализа дерева. Проведенная кластеризация по рису на 91,6 % соответствовала независимым выборкам Google Earth 2004 и 2011 гг. За исследуемый период ежегодная площадь рисовых посевов сократилась с 20 737 до 10 828 га. Однако после 2004 г. соответствующая площадь увеличилась (5 015 га), а заброшенные поля подверглись рекультивации. Для целей рисоводства интенсивно использовались в основном те участки оросительной системы, где поля расположены в агломерациях. Данную практику можно рассматривать в качестве экономического способа снижения производственных затрат (издержек в связи с орошением, подготовкой полей и другими агротехническими мероприятиями) со стороны рисоводов. В дальнейшем предложенный подход можно использовать для картирования заброшенных сельскохозяйственных полей, равно как и выявления факторов забрасывания (консервации) и рекультивации пахотных земель в регионе.
Search for the parent material of spring soft wheat resistant to septoria tritici blotch and analysis of the trait inheritance
Authors: Kharina A. V. , Shcheshegova T. K.
Published: April 2021

In 2017-2020 in the conditions of Kirov region there were studied 143 varieties, 115 perspective lines and 28 hybrids of the first generation of spring soft wheat according to the degree of resistance to septoria tritici blotch against the background of the natural development of infection. It has been established that development of the disease significantly increased with a decrease in air temperature during the «seedling-tillering» phase (r = -0.83…-0.96) and an increase in the amount of precipitation during «shooting» phase (r = +0.87…+0.90). Resistance to septoria tritici blotch was shown by 16.1 % collection samples. A significant (r = -0.83) decrease in yield by an average of 19 % in susceptible samples compared to resistant ones was revealed. The greatest breeding and immunological value were represented by the varieties of Russian selection: Tobolskaya, Tyumenskaya 29, Moskovskaya 35 and МIS, among which the early variety MIS was tolerant to septoria tritici blotch. Thirteen lines resistant to septoria tritici blotch were identified from the new breeding material. The varieties selected for resistance to septoria tritici blotch were used in hybridization. In F1hybrids domination and overdomination in the inheritance of resistance to septoria tritici blotch prevailed, as well as weight of 1000 grains and yield per 1 m2. Among them, 8 hybrids F1  with the highest values of the dominance indices were identified. It has been established, that inheritance of resistance to septoria tritici blotch, weight of 1000 grains and yield of hybrids F1 occurs both in the maternal and paternal lines. The greatest immunological effect was obtained when using the varieties Daria (Russia) and Epos (Germany). The most productive hybrids were the variety Daria, taken as both a maternal and paternal form, as well as when using the Egisar 29 (Russia) variety as a maternal form.
Seasonal dynamics of lead content in sod-podzolic soil in dependence of mineral fertilizer application
Authors: Cheglakova O. A. , Shikhova L. N.
Published: April 2021

Influence of prolonged use of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers (NPK by 0-30-60-90-120-150 kg of active matter/ha) on contents and dynamics of acid-soluble and mobile compounds of lead in an arable layer of the sod-podsolic soil was studied during the growing season of 2016. It has been established that prolonged application of fertilizers significantly increases the content of mobile forms of the element in the soil at application of NPK in dozes of 30 and 150 kg of active matter / ha as compared to the control (average values are 0.57, 0.51, and 0.33, respectively). However, even prolonged application of large doses of mineral fertilizers does not lead to a significant increase in lead content in the arable horizons of the soil. Acid-soluble lead compounds range from 2.46 (N0P0K0) to 5.33 mg/kg (N150P150K150); the content of mobile lead compounds from 0.08 to 1.31 mg/kg of soil, respectively, at maximum acceptable concentration of 6.0 mg/kg. The content of acid-soluble and mobile lead compounds in arable horizons of sod-podzolic soil had a reliable dynamics during the growing season on all variants of the experiment. An increase in the content and acid-soluble and mobile compounds is usually observed in the first half of the growing season (end of May - beginning of June), which is probably due to the active mobilization of lead from slow-moving compounds as a result of the activation of microbiological activity under a favorable hydrothermal regime. In the same period, the portion of mobile fractions of lead to acid-soluble fractions increases. Application of increasing doses of fertilizers (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg/ha of active matter) does not always show a reliable increase in the content of the element in the corresponding variant, which is obviously due to the influence of unaccounted factors. A clearer content dynamics is characteristic of mobile lead compounds.
Empathie als Kompetenz
Authors: Steinberger Johann
Published: April 2021

Ist Empathie erlernbar? Das von Johann Steinberger entwickelte Affektresonanztraining (ART) bietet StudentInnen und Auszubildenden in psychosozialen Berufen die Möglichkeit, Kompetenz im empathischen Verstehen von sich und anderen zu entwickeln. Basierend auf neuen Konzepten von Empathie, Resonanz und Supervision stellt die zukunftsweisende Unterrichtsform mittels der Schulung sozialer Kompetenzen ein wirksames Werkzeug zur Gewaltprävention dar. Steinberger erläutert die theoretischen Hintergründe seines Konzeptes und bietet auf der Grundlage der Ergebnisse seiner empirischen Wirksamkeitsstudie klare Handlungsanweisungen für die Anwendung im Unterricht.
EVALUASI KESIAPAN PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM BANTUAN STIMULAN PERUMAHAN SWADAYA BAGI MASYARAKAT BERPENGHASILAN RENDAH
Authors: Fajar Ahmad Maulana , Seran Gotfridus Goris , Purnamasari Irma
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan evaluasi kesiapan pelaksanaan program bantuan stimulan perumahan swadaya bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah di Desa Ciderum Kecamatan Caringin Kabupaten Bogor. Teori yang dipakai peneliti didasarkan pada evaluasi input (masukan) dari Model Evaluasi CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) Stufflebeam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk menggambarkan jawaban-jawaban yang diberikan responden dalam kuesioner, data-data yang diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Pengolahan data penelitian menggunakan rumus Weight Mean Score untuk memperoleh skor rerata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi pelaksanaan program bantuan stimulan perumahan swadaya bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah di Desa Ciderum Kecamatan Caringin Kabupaten Bogor dipersepsikan baik. Penilaian baik ini dilihat dari skor rerata pada jawaban responden pegawai sebesar 3,92 yang dikategorikan baik dan masyarakat sebesar 4,01 yang dikategorikan baik. Dengan demikian, evaluasi kesiapan pelaksanaan program bantuan stimulan perumahan swadaya bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah secara umum menunjukkan nilai rerata 3,97 yang dikategorikan baik, yang berarti bahwa kesiapan pelaksanaan program bantuan stimulan perumahan swadaya bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah dilaksanakan dengan baik.
EFEKTIVITAS IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KARTU IDENTITAS ANAK
Authors: Ramadhanti Gita , Sampurna Rizki Hegia , Mulyadi Andi
Published: April 2021

Program Kartu Identitas Anak diimplementasikan di Kota Sukabumi sejak Desember 2018. Selama Desember 2018 hingga 2020 terdapat 9.824 anak yang memiliki Kartu Identitas Anak dari 105.850 anak yang memiliki akta kelahiran. Terdapat kesenjangan jumlah yang besar antara anak yang mempunyai Kartu Identitas Anak dan akta kelahiran. Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Sukabumi menyadari bahwa implementasi program Kartu Identitas Anak belum memenuhi target. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas implementasi program Kartu Identitas Anak di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Sukabumi. Efektivitas program diukur berdasarkan tiga dimensi, yaitu pencapaian tujuan, integritas dan adaptasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penarikan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling yang melibatkan 100 responden dari berbagai karakteristik yang berbeda. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner/angket, observasi dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas implementasi program Kartu Identitas Anak di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Sukabumi telah mencapai tingkat skala yang cukup efektif. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi program Kartu Identitas Anak di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Sukabumi telah berjalan dengan efektif.
Pandemic makers: How citizen groups mobilized resources to meet local needs in a global health crisis
Authors: Browder Russell , Seyb Stella , Forgues Angela , Aldrich Howard
Published: April 2021

The enormous scale of suffering, breadth of societal impact, and ongoing uncertainty wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic introduced dynamics seldom examined in the crisis entrepreneurship literature. Previous research indicates that when a crisis causes a failure of public goods, spontaneous citizen ventures often emerge to leverage unique local knowledge to rapidly customize abundant external resources to meet immediate needs. However, as outsiders, emergent citizen groups responding to the dire shortage of personal protective equipment at the onset of COVID-19 lacked local knowledge and legitimacy. In this study, we examine how entrepreneurial citizens mobilized collective resources in attempts to gain acceptance and meet local needs amid the urgency of the pandemic. Through longitudinal case studies of citizen groups connected to makerspaces in four U.S. cities, we study how they adapted to address the resource and legitimacy limitations they encountered. We identify three mechanisms—augmenting, circumventing, and attenuating—that helped transient citizen groups calibrate their resource mobilization based on what they learned over time. We highlight how extreme temporality imposes limits on resourcefulness and legitimation, making it critical for collective entrepreneurs to learn when to work within their limitations rather than try to overcome them. 
Differential expression of family with sequence similarity 13 member C in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding family with sequence similarity 13 member C, FAM13C, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. FAM13C mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of FAM13C in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with HER2+ cancers, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. FAM13C may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
APPLYING ASSOCIATION TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING VOCABULARY TO THE EFL STUDENTS
Authors: Karbala Derin
Published: April 2021

This paper pointed toward examining the application of association technique in showing EFL vocabulary to the students. This exploration utilized a cooperative study hall activity research plan and it was carried out as cycles comprising of four significant advances: arranging, executing, noticing and reflecting. The subject of the exploration was 50 students in Indonesia. The instruments used to gather information were test, perception agendas, and field notes. This exploration was finished in two cycles in light of the fact that the aftereffects of the examination in the primary cycle didn't meet the rules of accomplishment. Every one of cycle involves four gatherings. The discoveries of the exploration showed that the applying of strategy in training English can build students' vocabulary dominance. This is appeared by the students' fruitful rate in cycle I was 22 (44%), in Cycle II and the quantity of the students who got scores at any rate 6.5 or more noteworthy was 41 (82%). Likewise, the students gave positive reaction toward the perception agenda result, in particular: eagerness, inspiration, interest, reaction, and progress. It very well may be reasoned that the association technique is successful and material in educating vocabulary.
The power set has 2^n elements
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: April 2021

We prove that if A is a set consisting of n elements, then A has 2^n subsets.
Me as good and me as bad: Priming the self triggers positive and negative implicit evaluations
Authors: Zayas Vivian
Published: April 2021

Although theories of personality and human behavior have long assumed that the self is affectively complex, widely used indirect measures of implicit self-evaluations have largely focused on the robustness and cultural universality of the self’s positivity. Such indirect measures assess evaluations on a single continuum, ranging from positive to negative. Thus, they focus on the self’s relative positivity and are inherently incapable of assessing whether the self is associated with good and bad. Using the well-established evaluative priming task, the present work tested the hypothesis that positive implicit self-evaluations coexist with an inkling of negative implicit self-evaluations. Studies 1 and 2 empirically demonstrated that priming the self facilitated the classification of both positive and negative targets (bivalent-priming). In contrast, replicating classic findings, priming a personally significant, liked object facilitated the classification of positive targets and inhibited the classification of negative targets (univalent-priming). Study 3 showed that the bivalent-priming triggered by self-primes cannot be explained by alternative accounts (e.g., arousal, vigilance). Meta-analyses of all studies attests to the robustness and reproducibility of self-primes triggering both positive and negative implicit evaluations. Moreover, tests estimating heterogeneity in the strength of implicit self-evaluations indicated that individual differences in nonclinical, healthy individuals may be limited, possibly reflecting measurement limitations, the nature of implicit self-evaluations, or both. Overall, the present work shines a spotlight on a previously undocumented effect: Despite the self’s robust net positivity, the self reliably triggers negative implicit self-evaluations. Implications for the conceptualization, assessment, and consequences of implicit self-evaluations are discussed.
Early Adolescent Political Tribalism: Peer Network Homophily in Political Attitudes and Values
Authors: Oosterhoff Benjamin , Poppler Ashleigh , Palmer Cara Alexis
Published: April 2021

Political homophily represents the tendency for people to affiliate and engage with others who share similar political viewpoints, which can enhance attitude intensity and increase polarization. Little research has examined political homophily during early adolescence, a developmental period when political attitudes are first beginning to form and friendship choices become more autonomous. We examined political homophily using a social network approach with middle school students (N=213; Mage=12.5; 57% female) from a remote US community. Pre-registered analyses indicate that rural early adolescents were more likely to spend time with those who had greater similarities in their political attitudes and values. These effects were most consistent for right-wing authoritarianism, patriotism, and anti-immigration attitudes. Our results show that political homophily is evident at an early age when young people are forming their political beliefs and making decisions about their friendships, suggesting that political tribalism may emerge early in life.