bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La relación entre la asertividad y el emprendimiento
Authors: Quiñones Alma Elizabeth Miranda , Sánchez Ociel Núñez , Mendoza Laura Quezada , Solís Guadalupe Fabiola Ramírez , Guerrero Jasive Vilchis , Solache Irma Violeta Loza , Carlón Edna Nolasco
Published: February 2022

El documento pretende mostrar los resultados es determinar el nivel de asertividad relacionado con  la competencia del emprendimiento en los alumnos de Ingeniería en Gestión Empresarial (IGE) del Instituto Tecnológico de Tlalnepantla, como herramienta para el desarrollo de las habilidades directivas tomando una muestra al azar de alumnos que se encuentran inscritos en el programa educativo de IGE y que se encuentran desarrollando proyectos de emprendimiento;  para este fin se aplicó la Escala Multidimensional de Asertividad (EMA) que mide el grado de asertividad y el instrumento self-directed Search (SDS) que evalúa el  nivel de emprendimiento dentro de la orientación vocacional, dando como resultado el factor de correlación entre la asertividad y el emprendimiento para coadyuvar en la productividad de las microempresas, presentando un diagnóstico prospectivo del desempeño como emprendedor.
Strategi Promosi dan Store Interior Terhadap Daya Beli Konsumen Pada Industri Ritel (Studi Kasus Indomaret Johor)
Authors: Sianturi Ronda Deli , Yanny Anda
Published: February 2022

To increase customer interest in the purchase of a product, companies must jointly maximize appropriately what is needed customer. Promotion is important factor  to increase the interest of the customer purchase. Store Interior is also an important factor to increase the interest of customer purchase. Currently the retail industry such as Indomaret Johor has decreased the number of consumers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of promotion and interior toward customer purchase interest Indomaret Johor. This type of research is quantitative. Sources of data obtained through field research and library research. The number of samples taken from 25 people Indomaret customers Johor. This study used SPSS V.20 and multiple linear regression. Data analysis techniques used in this research is multiple linear regression analysisto analyze the impact of promotions and store interiors to the interest of customer’s purchase. The analysis showed that the variables of sale and store interior have a significant influence on interest of the customer purchase Indomaret Johor. This show that promotion and store interior as benefit for customers that will affect the buying interest of customers to maka a purchase.This research provides benefits for compaies in order to prioritize in managing the promotion and store interior more effectively because customers prefer promotions and store interior to make a purchase
Hypoglycemic Effect of Lesser Yam (DioscoreahispidaDennst) Extract on Hyperglycemic Rats in Postprandial Condition
Authors: Yuniastuti Ari , Iswari Retno Sri , Susanti R , Tursinawati Yanuarita
Published: February 2022

Hyperglycemia is a condition when the blood glucose levels exceed normal levels. Hyperglycemia can lead to the occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The use of natural ingridients in lowering blood glucose levels has been carried out. However, studies on the benefits of lesser yam (Dioscorea esculenta) in reducing blood glucose levels have never been reported. This research aims to analyze the effect of administration lesser yam extract to hyperglycemic rats. Data were collected using experimental laboratoris pre-post test randomized design. Data were analysed using analysis of variance one way statistical test and advanced Tukey. Lesser yam contains Inulin as PLA (Water Soluble Polysaccharide) which serves to inhibit gastric emptying thus it can help manage a diet of people with hyperglycemic. The results obtained by the control group (not given treatment) shows no change in fasting blood glucose levels intesting as well as post prandial. The administration of lesser yam extract affects blood glucose levels to decreased in hyperglycemic rats in all groups. Significant decrease occurs in the testing conditions of first, second and third day post prandial group. The decrease is caused by the influence of the extracts after 2 hours of administration. Lesser yam (DioscoreahispidaDennst) is capable of lowering blood glucose levels of hyperglycemic rats in post prandial condition.
Formulasi Sediaan Salep Dari Ekstrak Daun Katuk (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.)
Authors: Lidyawati Lidyawati , Hidayati Nurul , Ceriana Ria
Published: February 2022

Katuk (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) is a plant that has secondary metabolic compounds with various potentials and contains several chemical compounds, including papaverine alkaloids, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, saponins, flavonoids and tannins. Katuk leaves can work as antioxidants because they contain phenolic compounds, namely flavonoids. The potential of katuk leaves is also supported by research on pharmacological activities as antibacterial, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, antianemic and increasing milk production. The purpose of this study was to determine whether katuk leaves can be formulated in the form of an ointment. Ointment is defined as a semi-solid preparation that is easily applied and used as an external drug. Ointment is also one of the dosage forms with a semisolid consistency that is oily and generally does not contain water and contains the active ingredient dissolved or dispersed in a vehicle. This study used 4 treatments with various concentrations, namely FO: control formulation of ointment base, FI: formulation of katuk leaf extract ointment preparation with 10% concentration, FII: formulation of katuk leaf extract ointment preparation with 15% concentration, FIII: formulation of katuk leaf extract ointment preparation with a concentration of 20%. Evaluation of the ointment using organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, stability and irritation. The results of the evaluation carried out on the ointment preparation were stable and did not irritate the skin.
Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Daun Inai (Lawsonia inermis L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Dita Sasmiati Farach , Lidyawati Lidyawati , Sampoerna Mutiara
Published: February 2022

Henna leaves are often used as traditional medicine, including as an antibacterial. Henna leaves contain several active components including phenols and flavonoids which act as antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of henna leaves (Lowsonia inermis L.) against Staphyloccocus aureus. This research was conducted using descriptive method. In this study, ethanol extract of henna leaf was made by maceration method. Ethanol extract of henna leaves was tested against Staphylococcus aureus on Nutrient Agar (NA) medium using well diffusion method with 3 extract concentrations, namely 40%, 50% and 90%, tetracycline as positive control and aquadest as negative control with 3 repetitions each. The results of this study showed that inhibition zone diameter of henna leaves extract at a concentration of 40% was 21.29 mm, at a concentration of 50% was 23.1 mm and at a concentration of 90% was 24.4 mm, positive control was 27.93 mm and negative control did not show inhibition zone. The inhibition zone for all concentrations belongs to strong inhibition category.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Software Zoom dan Google Meet Dalam Meningkatkan Efektifitas Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Mesran Mesran , Nasution Surya Darma , Suginam Suginam , Afriany Joli , Ramdhan William
Published: February 2022

Online learning or online learning can be done with the help and support of an application as a liaison between educators and students. Many educators who are still unfamiliar with the use of technology and applications, it is considered a technological gap, so it has become the duty and responsibility of computer science lecturers to provide teaching and knowledge transfer to knowledge in the use of technology and applications in assisting online learning. The transfer of knowledge was carried out by lecturers to other educators in the form of workshops, in this learning using Zoom and Google Meet software in increasing the effectiveness of online learning. Zoom and Google Meet software are the most widely used software and have advantages in their use. Learning that is taught in the form of workshops to students is expected to increase the effectiveness of learning
Analyzing the Temporal and Spatial Trends of Water Quality and Eutrophication in Laguna de Bay, Philippines, 2000-2012
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Macuroy Jonathan , Faustino-Eslava Decibel , Siababa Ann Clarisse , Espaldon Ma. Victoria , Cui Loucel
Published: February 2022

Pollution levels may vary greatly in large waterbodies over long periods of time. Hence, classifying pollution must be inclusive of crucial locations and temporal variabilities. This study applied various statistical techniques to look into the spatial and temporal trends of nine physicochemical parameters within the lake: Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD, mg L-1), Ammonia (NH3, mg L-1), Chloride (Cl, mg L-1), Nitrate (NO3, mg L-1), Inorganic Phosphate (PO4, mg L-1), Total Nitrogen (TN, mg L-1), Total Phosphorus (TP, mg L-1), Turbidity (Turb, NTU), and Chlorophyll a (Chl a, μg L-1). Trends were analyzed using data from 2000 to 2012 in five selected stations spread out across the lake. The Trophic State Index (TSI) values of the stations within the study period were also derived from TP, TN, Chl a, and the average of the three parameters. In terms of temporal analysis, general trends, relative monthly values (MV), percent annual changes (PAC) of the nine parameters and their derived TSI values were assessed and analyzed. Spatial trends were assessed by calculating the relative station values (RV) and their standard deviations (SV), principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical agglomerated cluster analysis (HACA). BOD and Chl-a have shown statistical growth over the period of 12 years while Cl revealed a consistent decrease in concentration. Moreover, results also showed that Stations 1 and V located at West Bay is the most polluted of all five stations studied, most likely because of its proximity with the highly urbanized and densely populated National Capital Region. This was further supported by HACA results, wherein the two have overwhelmingly similar trends in terms of nutrient and pollutant loadings. Lastly, PCA results revealed that the lake’s current condition can be attributed to BOD, TP, and Chl-a. The generated results comprehensively describe the significant changes in pollution levels within the 13-year period and the relationships between the pollution status of stations located at the lake.
A Watershed-Based Water Environment Eco-compensation Mechanism: a Case Study of Taihu Lake Basin, China
Authors:   Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Wang Jianjian , Zhou Jie , Zhao Qiaohua , Pang Yong , Jia Junjie , Pan Hongche
Published: February 2022

In 2008, a simple punitive eco-compensation method was implemented in the Taihu pilot region, China. However, due to the use of a flawed formula and weak compensation criterion the payments were considered unsuitable. To improve the scheme, the following issues were considered: determination of compensation criterion; compensation when water quality is acceptable; consideration of reciprocating flow; control of the errors in pollutant fluxes due to the non-synchronization of river flow and water quality data. Two alternative ways to calculate eco-compensation payments were assessed for a case study in 2013: a payment based on the “Water quality exceedance rate (WQER) method” was found to be 172 million CNY (24.9 million USD). This method avoided errors caused by the pollutant flux and considered the situations of reciprocating flow and acceptable water quality; and the “Pollutant treatment cost (PTC) method” was considered suitable for immediate implementation, although the payment was higher at 245 million CNY (35.4 million USD). The determination of compensation criterion using this method had a scientific basis, but it required perfect and reliable monitoring data. If these conditions are met, the method was considered suitable for future implementation.
Technical, Financial and Environmental Assessment of Bio-oil Production from Pyrolysis of Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Wood
Authors:   Pampanga State Agricultural University, Tanquilut Mari Rowena , Elauria Jessie , Genuino Homer , Elauria Marilyn , Suministrado Delfin , Amongo Rossana Marie , Yaptenco Kevin
Published: February 2022

Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. wood was pyrolyzed using a semi-continuous gram-scale reactor at optimized conditions of temperature (469°C), nitrogen flow rate (14.2 mL min-1), and particle size (1.3 mm), yielding bio-oil (54%), biochar (26%), and syngas (16%). The cost of bio-oil production for 1 t yr-1 was estimated to be US$ 681.00. Financial analysis revealed a net present value (NPV)of US$ 24,322.00 at 12% discount rate, an IRR of 343.85 %, with breakeven quantity of 199 L. Sensitivity analysis showed that an increased price of raw materials up to 30 %, and a decreased price of products down to 25 %, resulted to an increased NPV and IRR. Decreasing the bio-oil yield below 40 % gave a negative NPV with an IRR of 9%. If bio-oil and biochar were tapped as alternative bioenergy, 360,000 L of fuel oil and 259 t of coal could be saved. A total greenhouse gas emission of 749 t of CO2 equivalent can be avoided. Thus, pigeon pea pyrolysis for bio-oil production provided a net positive energy output and was proven to be profitable investment, and environment-friendly as potential bioenergy resource to replace petroleum-based fuels.
Leaching of Dissolved Organic Carbon and Cations and the Buffering Capacity of Litters from Forest Stands in Southwestern China
Authors:   Beijing Forestry University, Liu Nan , Wang Yujie , Wang Yunqi , Zhao Zhanjun
Published: February 2022

Forest soil can buffer acidification and neutralize acidic airborne pollutants, but for acid rainwater, it makes contact with forest litter in the forest ecosystem first before reaching the soil. However, leachate chemistry of forest litter treated with different acid load rates is rarely studied. A leaching experiment was performed on forest litter from mixed conifer-broadleaf (MCB) and evergreen broadleaf (EB) forests in Jinyun Mountain, Three Gorges area, Southwestern China with simulated acid rain (SAR) of pH=2.7, 3.5 and 4.5. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and cations were exported from MCB and EB when treated with various acid load rates. The rainwater deacidification of forest litter was enhanced by considerable leachate concentrations of DOC, Ca2+and Mg2+. The acid buffering capacity of EB was stronger than MCB with different composition of forest litter. Leaching of cations increased with decreasing pH of SAR. Although more easily decomposed, EB released greater Al3+ than MCB, leachate Ca/Al ratios of EB did not reach the critical value of 1.0. Thus, in the study area, EB forest may be a better choice for afforestation and reforestation with better forest litter, showing good buffering capacity, keeping soil from acidification and being a greater nutrient pool for soil under it.
Social Capital and Vulnerability to Extreme Climate in a Semi-urban Fishing Community in Laguna de Bay, Philippines
Authors:   Ateneo de Manila University, Palanca-Tan Rosalina
Published: February 2022

The study looked into the risks associated with extreme climate events in the case of a semi-urban fishing community surrounding Laguna Lake in the Philippines. A survey was undertaken to determine the economic effects (loss of assets, foregone income, and changes in consumption patterns) of strong typhoons and torrential rains on fishing households. Vulnerability, estimated as the perceived probability of lower consumption after flooding or typhoons, was used to assess the economic impact on households. Household characteristics, including social capital, that may influence consumption vulnerability, were analyzed using a binary probit regression model. Social capital, a multi-dimensional concept consisting of social networks and skills possessed and used by household members to facilitate actions, was modeled using four indicators – two associational (membership in a formal organization and usefulness of informal social networks) and two behavioral (trust and cooperativeness). Regression results revealed that fishing income and household size significantly affect vulnerability. The higher the fish catch and the smaller the household, the less vulnerable is the household to strong storms and torrential rains. Social capital indicators do not significantly affect consumption vulnerability of households.
Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon Derived from Antidesma bunius L. in Methylene Blue Removal from Wastewater
Authors:   Malayan Colleges Laguna, Tolosa Nolan , Mendoza Kennet , Dumayas David Lloyd , de Silva John Mark Dareen
Published: February 2022

This study investigated the effect of contact time and methylene blue (MB) solution concentration on the adsorption capacity of granulated activated carbon derived from bignay (Antidesma bunius L.) seeds. The raw bignay seeds were subjected to physical activation via oven drying at 120°C and carbonization at 500°C for 30 min. The maximum adsorption capacity of both powdered and granulated activated carbon were determined. The alkyl functional groups of Bignay activated carbon (BAC) were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis and the surface morphology and composition of the BAC were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX). Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were used to analyze the adsorption of isotherm BAC. But the data best fitted with the Freundlich isotherm. The mean energy of the adsorption showed that the adsorption of MB by BAC was physical adsorption implying that MB molecules were trapped in the pores of the BAC. The maximum adsorption capacity was 1.60 mg g-1. The rate of adsorption was used to determine if the process is physisorption or chemisorption using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order adsorption kinetics. The data showed best fit for pseudo-second order ,suggesting that the reaction depends on the concentration of both reactants
Current Cellulose Nanofibrils and Cellulose Nanocrystals as Water Purification Functional Membrane Materials
Authors:   Mapua University, Santos Erlynne Carla , Kaldeus Tahani , Senoro Delia , Malmstrom Eva , Hult Anders
Published: February 2022

This study highlights the beneficial role of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as components in functional membranes. The approaches of the use of CNF and CNC as membrane materials for water purification have been studied extensively during the past decades. This is due to their inherent abundance, renewability, sustainability and unique properties such as high aspect ratio, high surface area, high crystallinity, and high mechanical properties. The performance of CNF- and CNC-based membranes especially in treating actual water samples were also highlighted in this review to give a better overview of the behavior of these nanocellulose as membrane materials. The challenges of using CNFs and CNCs and the need for improvements for the future development of membrane materials are also discussed.
Social-ecological Transitions in a Cattle-based Silvopastoral System in Southern Luzon, Philippines
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Galang Elson Ian Nyl , Calub Blesilda
Published: February 2022

Social-ecological transitions in the silvopastoral system of San Isidro, Rosario, Batangas, Philippines were analyzed using land cover trends and community perceptions. A combination of remote sensing processing, randomized survey, and participatory approaches were conducted. Four of six land cover categories (forests/orchards, grasslands, crop fields and water bodies) were identified to be sources of ecosystem services in the landscape which are essential for cattle farming. In 2000, the landscape became an on-farm research site on cattle farming. Coupled with other social factors such as land privatization and infrastructure development, this has reshaped land cover changes over time. In response, cattle farming dynamics, especially during critical dry periods, have adapted through measures such as switching to greater supplementation of commercial feeds. Despite social-ecological transitions, the cattle-based silvopastoral system in the landscape has persisted by exhibiting key principles of resilience such as diversity, connectivity, and feedback management. However, concerns on further impacts of key issues (e.g., land privatization) should be addressed to sustain the cattle-based silvopastoral system in the landscape. This study provides critical insights on how natural resource management by communities and policies by decision makers should carefully consider their potential impacts in sustaining locally important ecosystem services in the face of rapidly transitioning social-ecological systems.
Knowledge Sharing of Farmers’Adaptation Strategies on Climate Stresses in Benguet, Philippines
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Malabayabas Felissa , Baconguis Rowena
Published: February 2022

This study analyzed the knowledge sharing of adaptation strategies to climate stresses among selected upland farmers in Benguet, Philippines. Mixed method research design was employed, and survey questionnaire and in-depth interviews were used in gathering responses. Fifty-three farmers served as survey respondents in the study while selected individuals from the agriculture sector served as key informants. The four climate stresses identified were: frost, strong typhoons, drought and hail. All of the adaptation strategies for the four climate stresses were categorized based on water management, nutrient management, and pest and diseases management for specific crops. Descriptive statistics and UCINET software were used to analyze knowledge sharing flow. Results showed that knowledge sharing dynamics of farmers were limited to the people they know and trust, and dependent on expected reciprocal exchanges. The results reveal the need for strategies to enhance knowledge dissemination in dispersed, upland areas, given the restricted knowledge sharing behaviour revealed in these findings.
Climate Variability, Change and the Impacts on Livelihood Vulnerability of Farming Households in Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Sabino Lorena , Pulhin Juan , Dizon Josefina , Espaldon Ma Victoria , Cruz Rex Victor
Published: February 2022

This study examined the changes and variability in temperature and rainfall patterns in the past 31 years (1981-2012) and assessed their impacts on livelihood vulnerability of farming households in the City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, a less studied area in Mindanao located in Southern Philippines. Using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) framework, household vulnerability was assessed using survey data from 265 respondents, complemented with focus group discussion, and field observations from 2013 to 2015. Results showed significant changes in monthly mean minimum (increased by 0.74 C, p <0.01) and mean maximum (decreased by 0.65C, p <0.01) temperature. Rainfall patterns showed a decreasing trend and revealed significant changes in June (p<0.01), August, and December (p<0.05), signifying that climate change and variability took place as manifested by floods, landslides, and drought experienced by farming households. The study confirmed that majority of the farming households had “moderate to high vulnerability” to climate variability and change. As climate change brings new forms of risks, appropriate adaptation strategies are needed to address both current and future vulnerability and require robust vulnerability assessment founded on recent scientific advancement and innovative strategies congruent to this study.
Development Pathways of Upland Farmers in Selected Sites of Conservation Farming Villages (CFV) Program in the Philippines
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Landicho Leila , Dizon Josefina
Published: February 2022

This study analyzed the livelihoods of upland farmers in the pilot sites of Conservation Farming Villages in Ligao City, Albay and La Libertad, Negros Oriental, Philippines from 2000-2015. It also identified the development pathways based on the livelihood change in the 15-year period, and analyzed the determinants of farmers' choice of development pathways. Development pathway is a pattern of change in the livelihood strategies in response to stimuli. The focus group discussions and farm household survey involving 200 farmer-respondents revealed that from intensified food crops production in 2000-2005, the upland farmers have shifted to crop diversification and conservation farming practices combined with non-farm employment in 2006-2015. Thus, five development pathways were identified, namely: reduction of monocropping; expansion of conservation in monocropping; expansion of conservation in multiple cropping; intensification of agroforestry; and intensification of agroforestry with non-farm employment. Multinomial logistics regression revealed that age, income, and policies determine the farmers’ choice of development pathways. The pathway ‘intensification of agroforestry and non-farm employment’ has the highest likelihood of being chosen with a mean predicted probability of 0.40. There is a need to sustain the promotion of agroforestry and conservation farming practices in the upland communities, highlighting the economic and ecological services of agroforestry systems and conservation farming practices, and with active engagement of local governments.
The Economic Value of Calliandra calothyrsus in Watershed Rehabilitation in Manolo Fortich, Bukidnon, Philippines
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, de Luna Catherine , Calderon Margaret , Cruz Rex Victor , Tolentino Enrique , Carandang Wilfredo
Published: February 2022

This study analyzed the economic value of Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn. as a pioneer species in watershed rehabilitation using benefit-cost analysis (BCA). A cashflow was developed and using the 15% discount rate, the net present value (NPV) and benefit cost ratio (BCR) were computed. Planting C. calothyrsus as pioneer species is financially feasible having a positive NPV of PhP202,090 ha-1 and a BCR of 14 at 12 years rotation. Following the natural order of succession, benefits derived from planting pioneer species, in this case C. calothyrsus, include reduced labor cost for weeding while attaining benefits like fuelwood, honey and fodder production and environmental services like carbon sequestration. C. calothyrsus was used to shade out grasses and weeds, diminish fire hazard, and facilitate colonization of the site by a wider range of species through planting of desired premium species like dipterocarps to accelerate rehabilitation. Rehabilitation of degraded landscapes could accelerate forest succession using pioneer species to create favorable environment for late successional species, and ensure survival with positive contribution to ecosystem services.
Isolation and Characterization of Polysaccharide- Degrading Microbes from Compost Samples
Authors:   Lahore College for Women University, Munir Neelma , Malik Kanza , Bashir Rasheeda , Altaf Imran , Naz Shagufta
Published: February 2022

This study isolated and identified novel microbial polysaccharide degrading species involved in composting process. Bacteria were isolated from different composting samples from Lahore Compost Private Limited, Lahore, Pakistan. Physico-chemical analysis of compost samples made from municipal waste were collected at 15-day interval during the composting process. A total of 55 bacteria were isolated and identified using morphological and biochemical characteristics. Out of 55 isolates, 26 mesophilic and 14 thermophilic had cellulose degrading potential. Out of 26 mesophyllic bacterial isolates, 20 were found cellulolytic. The isolated bacteria and fungi were identified morphologically and biochemically. The highest potential to degrade cellulose was recorded from four Bacillus strains. Molecular characterization of potential cellulolytic bacteria by 16S rRNA was performed. Bacillus sp. were found as the most prevalent cellulolytic bacteria in composting process. Fungi were also isolated and characterized morphologically and microscopically following techniques. The potential cellulolytic fungal isolates were Aspergillus fumigatus, Mucor sp., Saccharomyces sp., and Aspergillus niger. The results of this study would be helpful in highlighting the potential role of different microbes involved in enhancement of the composting process. These microbes can be used for the preparation of microbial inoculum based on their polysaccharide cellulose, bacteria, composting degrading ability.
Real time Bangla Digit Recognition through Hand Gestures on Air Using Deep Learning and OpenCV
Authors:   Student, Department of CSE, Comilla University, Cumilla-3506, Saha Chayti
Published: February 2022

Digit Recognition in real time through hand gestures has achieved great attention in machine learning and computer vision applications. This article focuses on identifying Bangla numerals in the air using hand motions. This research leads to the stairwell, allowing for more investigation in the same subject for various Bangla characters and even phrases. The major issue, however, is coping with the wide range of handwriting styles employed by various users. Many studies have been done on the identification of Bangla handwritten digits, but none has proven successful at recognizing Bangla digits in real time using hand gestures in the air. As a result, this article describes the creation of a Bangla digit recognition model that employs a Convolution Neural Network (CNN) to predict Bangla digits by observing hand movements in the air space. After a thorough examination, the suggested system attained a 98.37% accuracy on the BanglaLekha-Isolated dataset.
Risk Factors That Increases Covid-19 Severity
Authors:   Department of Medicine, UAG College of Medicine, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México, Fregoso Mayte
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The relation between some risk factors and its impact on COVID 19 progression was described; as well as the effectiveness of certain vaccines. Material and methods: Recent articles from different digital platforms were consulted for this manuscript. Results: Several studies have shown that some of the main risk factors for COVID 19 were age, hypertension and obesity. Conclusion: From the studies reviewed in this article, it is concluded that hypertension is one of the aggravating factors in COVID 19 disease due to ACE receptors; vitamin D and the use of different vaccines were also discussed.
Etika Pelestarian Alam
Authors: Alikodra Hadi Sukadi
Published: February 2022

Human survival needs the support of a sustainable nature – both directly and indirectly. However, the earth is facing an increasing destruction, mainly caused by the population growth and human behavior, as well as not environmentallyfriendly policies. The condition of nature and the environment continue to deteriorate along with growing human selfishness. They only think of short-term economic gain and underestimate the broader impacts of their actions. Human behavior is also far from the ethics and morals on the respect for nature and the environment.  Without a significant change or transformation of ethics and morals, damages in the ecological systems will go worse and result in a biological and social crisis. Religious leaders have brought forward the  ecosophy and ecosufism approach, which incorporates a set of conservation morals and ethics that include both ecological and spiritual dimensions. This philosophy is expected to become the basis for nature conservation and environmental movements to develop further for ecological sustainability.

Keywords: biodiversity, deep ecology, ethics, morals, nature conservation

Keberlanjutan manusia baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung membutuhkan dukungan alam lestari. Namun, bumi ini menghadapi kerusakan yang semakin serius, terutama disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan, sikap dan perilaku manusia, serta kebijakannya kurang bersahabat dengan alam dan lingkungannya. Kondisi alam dan lingkungan yang semakin memburuk berkaitan dengan karakter manusia yang semakin egois. Mereka hanya memikirkan keuntungan ekonomi jangka pendek,kurang memperhitungkan dampaknya secara luas. Perilaku manusia pun semakin jauh dari etika dan moral yang menghargai alam dan lingkungan. Oleh karenanya jika tidak ada perubahan dan transformasi etika dan moral secara signifikan maka akan semakin memperparah kerusakan sistem ekologi bumi yang terus berkembang menjadi krisis biologi dan krisis sosial. Para pemuka agama pun mengajak umatnya untuk melakukan pendekatan ecosophyataupun ecosufi,suatu etika dan moral pelestarian alam yang mencakup dimensi ekologi dan dimensi spiritual. Diharapkan filosofi ini menjadi dasar bagi tumbuh dan berkembangnya gerakan pelestarian alam dan lingkungan bagi keberlanjutan ekologi bumi.

Kata kunci: biodiversity, deep ecology, etika, moral, pelestarian alam
Resensi Buku : Futuhat al Makiyah
Authors: Zamharir Hari
Published: February 2022

-
Islam, Keindonesiaan dan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika
Authors: Malihah Elly
Published: February 2022

The dialogue of Pancasila as the foundation of the state should be a final. The problem is, why must Pancasila be the foundation of the state of the archipelagic state of the Indonesia republic? A long discussion was going on during formulating it what would be the foundation of the independence's Indonesia in the meeting of investigating committee for preparatory work for independence so that the birth of Pancasila as the foundation of the state has been the right decision and visible. Pancasila as the foundation of Indonesia's independence has been tested sociologically because of Indonesia as a multicultural country contains the diversity of race, culture, and religion. This diversity may possibly appear a conflict, that is why it takes comprehension to live together in the bound of maintaining this diversity. Islam as the majority religion roles significantly in the birth of Pancasila as the foundation of the state. Nowadays, is it still required to debate between Islam, Indonesia, and the unity in diversity. This article views how sociology's point of view about this issue, the writer tries to expose is based on the writer's perception and literature study. The result of this study shows that the practice of Islam influences the tradition of Indonesian; the source of Pancasila's value came from religious teaching and practice in society. The phrase of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika is the foundation and vision in the diversity.
Pancasila Dan Keindonesiaan Tarik Menarik Pemaknaan dan Perwujudan Pancasila
Authors: Zoelva Hamdan
Published: February 2022

Amid the atmosphere of the PSBB because of the threat of Covid19 public were surprised by the decision of the meeting Parpurna house of representatives passed the draft law on the Bow of the Ideology of Pancasila (RUU HIP), as the initiative RUU of the house of representatives. The response of the audience was crowded, and happens resistance from various parties, not only from the Islamic but also from other circles. Pull understanding of Pancasila and its manifestations in the life of the country is commonplace occur in the stage of post-constitutional (lower stage). One of them is the fact that the religion of Islam as the power of the majority nation, Indonesia is the objective conditions that can not be ignored in any policy of the state, that proved to be the doctrine and Islamic law continues to transform in a variety of forms of state policy. Throughout the process of constitutional democracy are respected and become the cornerstone in the life of the state because of the influence of Islamic values in the embodiment of Pancasila on the policy of the state, then the system will continue to take place.
Aktualisasi Islam dan Keindonesiaan Dalam Koteks Ideologi Negara Pancasila
Authors: Abdillah Masykuri
Published: February 2022

Indonesia adalah negara modern demokratis yang menjunjung tinggi posisi agama dalam kehidupan masyarakat dan negara. Secara institusional, negara Indonesia dibangun sebagai negara modern sekuler, tetapi secara filosofis, negara ini didasarkan pada Pancasila, yang sila pertamanya adalah Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa. Pancasila dijadikan sebagai dasar negara demi membangun persatuan bangsa Indonesia oleh kelompok Islam dan kelompok nasionalis dengan melakukan kompromi yang disebut sebagai kesepakatan atau konsensus nasional (al-mîtsâq wathanî). Penerimaan tokoh Islam terhadap negara-bangsa berdasarkan Pancasila menunjukkan, bahwa watak Islam di Indonesia adalah moderat, yang sangat menghargai toleransi dan persatuan dalam keberagaman bangsa serta menerima NKRI. Hal ini ditunjukkan pula oleh organisasi-organisasi Islam besar, terutama NU dan Muhammadiyah, dalam amandemen UUD 1945 di awal era reformasi, yang tidak mendukung pencantuman Piagam Jakarta atau pelaksanaan syariat Islam dalam konstitusi.
Bela Negara in Islamic Frame to Realize The Vision Of Indonesia Emas 2045
Authors: Zulham Muhammad , Romadhona Muhammad Rifqi
Published: February 2022

This paper takes the topic of Bela Negara to achieve the vision of 2045 in the frame of Islam. The vision of Indonesia Emas 2045 is an overview of Indonesia's demographic bonus in the 2045 period will be challenged. Bela negara is an attitude and behavior that is imbued by citizens because of his love for the Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution to ensure and realize the survival of the nation and state. The objectives of State Defense can be seen more clearly and deeply from a defensive perspective against threats, distractions, obstacles and challenges (AGHT). With the Islamic point of view about defending the state giving this view is a form of obedience to Allah SWT to achieve a just and prosperous society. This view will be a strong spirit for the community, especially for young people to achieve the vision of Indonesia Emas 2045.

Keywords: Bela Negara, Islam, Vision of Indonesia Emas 2045
ANALISIS KOMITMEN ORGANISASI, IKLIM ORGANISASI DAN KEPUASAN KERJA PEGAWAI DI SEKRETARIAT JENDERAL KEMENTERIAN AGAMA RI
Authors: Sugiyanto Eko
Published: February 2022

Job satisfaction in an organization plays an important part in employees’ performance. It has connection with commitment and work atmosphere in the organization. With referrence to the previous study  on the issue within office of the Secretariat General of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, there seem to exist problems in the issue. The paper further makes an account of job satisfaction in the organization. Using quantitative method, the finding of the study is that work atmosphere plays more significant part in maintaining job satisfaction among the employees of the Secretariat General of the Ministry of Religious Affairs than that contributed by commitment. Keywords : Organization’s commitment, work atmosphere, employees’ job satisfaction
IDENTITAS ISLAM DALAM KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI INDONESIA TERHADAP PALESTINA, STUDI KASUS : PENYELENGGARAAN KONFERENSI TINGKAT TINGGI (KTT) LUAR BIASA KE-5 TAHUN 2016 ORGANISASI KERJASAMA ISLAM (OKI) DI JAKARTA
Authors: Abdurofiq Atep
Published: February 2022

The Government of the Republic of Indonesia hosted the 5th Extraordinary Summit Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) on Palestine and Al-Quds Al-Sharif in Jakarta on March 7, 2016. The event reflects the Islamic identity in Indonesia’s foreign policy. The event is analyzed by the constructivist perspective. In constructivist perspective, interests and State's behavior are influenced by the meaning States’s identity. The identity is the result of a State’s internal and external preference. Islamic identity embodied in Indonesia's interests to get recognition, economic interests and the protection of Indonesian Workers in Middle East Countries. Keywords: Identity, Interests, Foreign Policy
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN DALAM MENGAMANKAN PULAU MIANGAS PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Setiawan Heru Dian
Published: February 2022

Kajian ini dilatar-belakangi oleh semakin tingginya ancaman keamanan dan pertahanan di wilayah perbatasan Indonesia. Pasca lepasnya pulau Sipadan dan Ligitan pada tanggal 17 Desember 2002 merupakan salah satu pembelajaran sangat penting bagi Indonesia untuk tidak mengulangi kesalahan yang sama, dan untuk menghindari terjadinya kembali konflik antar Negara tetangga. Oleh karenanya, dengan menggunakan metode kajian yang berproses deskriptif kualitatif berdasar pada konsep Kartasasmita (1997:142) dan Anderson (dalam Islamy, 1994:20-21), maka kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya-upaya kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam mengamankan Pulau Miangas Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Kata kunci : Kebijakan, Konflik Antar Negara, Teritory
Privatisasi BUMN : Model dan Pilihan Kebijakan Dalam Mewujudkan Kemandirian Ekonomi Nasional
Authors: Ibrahim Hilmi Rahman
Published: February 2022

Pembangunan nasional merupakan sebuah keniscayaan dalam mengimbangi perkembangan, kemajuan dan persaingan antar negara. Bagi negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia, pembangunan diarahkan untuk memperkuat ekonomi nasional dalam mewujudkan kemandirian ekonomi.  Kemandirian ekonomi  dapat terwujud bila produksi dan kebijakan industrialisasi  dilakukan secara efeisien diimbangi dengan pola ditribusi barang dan pemerataan eknomi yang dapat menjangkau msyarakat  secara keseluruhan. Distribusi ekonomi diperlukan melalui  ketersediaan infrastruktur yang memadai didukung dan  oleh ketersediaan angaran yang bersumber dari dalam negeri.  Salah satu sumber pembiayaan yang perlu dipertimbangkan  melalui kebijakan privitasiasi dan penembangan model pembiayaan melalui pemanfaatan aset BUMN yang cukup besar
MENGUPAYAKAN KEMBALI EKSISTENSI IDEOLOGI PANCASILA
Authors: Efriza Efriza
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThis paper attempts to analyze the development of thinking and also responds to efforts to re-establish the existence of Pancasila Ideology as a common ideology. The government's efforts also demonstrate the shared desire of nationalism, democracy, and the ideology of Pancasila together. Pancasila ideology's unconscious awareness is an attempt to foster a sense of nationalism. Keywords: Pancasila Ideology, Nationalism, Democracy,
PROPAGANDA: AHOK TIDAK PANTAS JADI GUBERNUR
Authors: Prakosa Adi
Published: February 2022

Independent press and objective news are the rules. But on the news "Chairman of DPW Gerindra DKI: Ahok Enggak Indonesia Banget", in news published by Republika.co.id on Wednesday, July 27, 2016 edition, normative things that are violated. This is the reason to review the discourse submitted by Republika on line. The research method uses discourse analysis of Fairlcloud model. The theory used as a reference is Critical Theory. The results show that the news reviewed represents Ahok inappropriate to be governor. There are propaganda techniques applied, namely the name  calling, card staking, and testimonials.Keywords: press, news, discourse analysis
KEBERPIHAKAN PEMERINTAH KOTA JAMBI PADA MASYARAKAT MISKIN PERKOTAAN
Authors: Fitriani Riri Maria , Wahid Makmun , Dewi Ratna
Published: February 2022

This study describes and analyzes the alignments of the Jambi City Government to ensuring education and health for the urban poor society at Jambi city. To see whether or not the government has succeeded in carrying out those function, this research will try to reveal it through the implementation of social security in the case of education and health services in Talang Gulo’s Final Waste Disposal Area, Jambi City. This study uses a type of qualitative research with case study approach that is intrinsic case study to find out more about the alignments of the Jambi City government to those who have been far from the reach of government programs. The results of this study are miscoordination between the private sector, and the government in organizing social security. The poor society in Jambi City do not get good social security to live a good life and there is a kind of poverty culture in Talang Gulo which can be seen from some of the poor communities in the region who think their lives are quite like now or in other words structural poverty. The research findings illustrate that the State has failed in organizing social security as a strategy to overcome the welfare problems of the community, especially for those who live below the poverty line.Keywords: Destitution, Urban, Social Security
PARTAI POLITIK dan SISTIM DEMOKRASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Muksin Ayub
Published: February 2022

The Republic of Indonesia since 1945 when it proclaimed its independent from the Dutch colonialism adopted democracy as political system. In its political development, democracy in Indonesia had many names or label. From 1945 until 1959, the Republic of Indonesia adopted and implemented which   is commonly known as Liberal Democracy. During the period of 1945 – 1959, the government of Indonesia held  successfully general election with 39 political parties as well as mass organization and group of constituens which all together 100 participants in the general election. From 1959 until 1966, democracy which was took on called Guided Democracy.During this period there was no general election eventhough some political parties were permitted to exist by the current rezime . The rezime was of the opinion that the Indonesian people was not ready yet for carrying out generah election. After aborted Communist coup d’etat at 30 September 1965, new government arised, and they called their government as New Order or Orba in Bahasa Indonesia. The new order remained to adopt democracy in political system which was labelled as Democracy Pancasila, referred to the nation and state philosophy. The new order government organized six  times general election which was held in 1971 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992 and 1997. In general election 1973 there was  10 political parties and 1 mass organization called Golkar, formed by government as main political power of Orba. Since 1977 the election participants were only two parties, the United Party for Development (PPP), the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) and Golkar. Then Golkar developed as hegemonic party, ardent and strong supporter to the Orba government, and always winning  in every general election. When Reformation Era came in 1998, the reformation government named its democracy as Demokrasi Reformasi, and as of 1998 until now, had successfully organized 4(four) times general elections with its participants fluctuated.  In 1999’s general election the participants was 48 political parties, 2004’ election was 24 parties, 2009’ s election was 38 parties, 2014’ general election was 12 parties. For 2019’ s general election, 16 parties was declared by the General Election Commission  or KPU as participants nationally.From theoretical perspectives on democracy, whatever labelled or named, democracy implemented  in Indonesia  formally as DEMOCRACY.Key words : Democracy. Political Parties, General Election.
KEDUDUKAN HUTAN ADAT DI ATAS TANAH ULAYAT DALAM PEMANFAATAN HUTAN
Authors: Tanjung Albert
Published: February 2022

Hutan adalah salah satu bagian penting bagi kehidupan makhluk hidup, di dalamnya terdapat tumbuh-tumbuhan dan hewan-hewan yang dapat digunakan manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Ada 3 (tiga) status hutan, hutan adat adalah salah satunya. Hutan adat menjadi objek penelitian. Fokus pada kedudukan hutan adat di atas tanah uayat dalam pemanfaatan hutan. Menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, bersifat deskriptif dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Dari hasil ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hutan adat lahir secara alami di tengah-tengah masyarakat hukum  adat, penetapan hanya memperkuat bukti. Adanya pengakuan pemerintah atas hak ulayat memberikan kejelasan tentang kedudukan hutan adat yang berada di atas tanah ulayat. Pengakuan ini membuat pemanfaatan hutan adat oleh masyarakat adat lokal tidak bertentangan dengan hukum dan peraturan.