bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALTERAÇÃO DE REGISTRO CIVIL PARA POPULAÇÕES INDÍGENAS: RECONHECIMENTO DE IDENTIDADE CULTURAL E DIGNIDADE
Authors: Pinheiro Weider Silva
Published: May 2024

O nome é a forma através da qual o indivíduo se apresenta à sociedade, determinando suas origens. Para os povos indígenas, especificamente os de língua Guarani, o nome carrega relações sociais e simbólicas profundas, sendo parte integrante da cultura. Ao terem suas línguas proibidas e seus nomes suprimidos, a cultura indígena foi sendo reprimida ao longo dos séculos, culminando na adoção de nomes não-indígenas nos registros civis, e até em sub-registro. Especialmente considerando que o Registro Civil de Pessoas Naturais inaugura o status de cidadão do indivíduo, dando início aos direitos e deveres contantes na Constituição Federal e outros textos legais, e que este deve representar a realidade e a identidade do indivíduo, fatores mutáveis per si, existem possibilidades de alteração do registro civil — inclusive para os povos indígenas. O resultado da pesquisa, que objetivou a alteração de nome civil para populações indígenas, à luz da Resolução Conjunta n° 03/12, como forma de retomada e reconhecimento de identidade cultural, promovendo a dignidade, mostra que as possibilidades trazidas pela resolução não garantem o acesso ao direito de reconhecimento do nome étnico, com o favorecimento do processo de desestruturação social dos povos indígenas e o não reconhecimento da identidade do indivíduo.
Morphological characterization of indigenous potato (Solanum tuberosum) genotypes
Authors: CHAUDHARY BABITA , DALAMU  , GUPTA V K , LUTHRA S K , KUMAR M
Published: May 2024

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the most important non-grained food and vegetable crop lauded for its nutritional and health benefits. Identifying any new potato genotype primarily depends on its morphological traits, including vegetative, floral and tuber parameters. The present study was carried out during 2020–21 and 2021–22 at the research farm of ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, regional station, Modipuram, Uttar Pradesh and at ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Kufri-Fagu unit, Himachal Pradesh (for floral traits) to evaluate the potato genotypes for vegetative and tuber traits. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Total of 64 indigenous potato genotypes were characterized for 51 morphological traits for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability (DUS) test guidelines. For all traits, there was a high degree of variability between genotypes. Early maturing varieties are preferred owing to their suitability to fit into the potato-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)- paddy (Oryza sativa L.) cropping system. Most genotypes were either early or medium maturing based on foliage senescence. High variability was observed for tuber shape, i.e. genotypes bearing flattened, round, ovoid, oblong, long-oblong and reniform-shaped tubers were available. Tuber skin and flesh colour determining consumer preference depicted variability from whitish cream to dark purple-black skinned tubers. Novel genotypes bearing variegated tuber flesh with a niche market of specific consumer segments were noticed in genotypes Red flesh, Bareilly red, DRR Blue, Badami aloo and Kala aloo. Moreover, the results obtained from the present investigation indicated that the description of 64 indigenous potato genotypes based on notes can be used as a reference for the protection of new varieties under the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Right Act (PPV&FRA) rules as well as a comparison against new candidate varieties.
Influence of gamma radiation and EMS on chlorophyll and macro-mutation in mungbean (Vigna radiata)
Authors: KUMAR RAVINDER , SHARMA N K
Published: May 2024

Present study was carried during rainy (kharif) season of 2021 (M1 generation), summer 2022 (M2 generation) and rainy (kharif) seasons of 2022 (M3 generation) at College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan for creating genetic variability in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek]. The experiment was conducted with 26 treatments and 2 popular archaic varieties of mungbean (Ganga-1 and GM-4), solitary application of gamma radiation (200, 400 and 600 Gy), and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) (0.1 and 0.2%) as well as their combinations. A wide spectrum of chlorophyll mutants (Chlorina, Xantha, Albina, Viridis and complex type) and morphological mutants (plant type, flower colour, pod type, leaf variation and maturity period) were identified at various crop growth stages. All mutagen treatments including solitary application of gamma radiation and EMS as well as their combinations were found effective for creating genetic variability. The lower concentration of EMS (0.1%) was found to be relatively more effective as compared to 0.2%. Similarly, the lower dose of gamma radiation (200 Gy) was also more effective than 400 and 600 Gy. Among all the treatment combinations, combined application of 200 Gy + 0.1% EMS was found most effective in generating chlorophyll and morphological mutants. Among two varieties of mungbean, Ganga-1 was found to be more sensitive to mutagens as compared to GM-4. Numerous mutants identified in the mutagenized population of both varieties exhibited stability and superiority in terms of agro- morphological traits over Ganga-1 and GM-4. A mutant (S-92 of GM-4) identified during M1 in mutagen treatment 0.1% EMS was very deep lobbed which altered the plant morphology and appearance. This novel unique mutant identified in M1 generation maintained its stability in M2 and M3 generations also. The leaf colour of this mutant was darker than the original leaf colour of GM-4 and found relatively more tolerant to soil moisture-deficit stress.
Exploring the yield and yield contributing traits variability in dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus): A character association and path analysis approach
Authors: SINGH S R , RAJAN S , SONI V K
Published: May 2024

An experiment was conducted during 2019–20 and 2020–21 at ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh to evaluate the magnitude of variability in dolichos bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] genotypes for important horticultural traits and their associations. The observed range and mean variations of the studied traits revealed a significant genetic diversity among the genotypes. The narrow gap in the genotypic (GCV) and the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for delineated characters indicated that they are governed by genetic factors, and environmental factors had little or no impact on the phenotypic expression of these traits. The traits including pod yield, days taken to first flowering, weight of pod, plant height, and pod width, showed positive GCV, indicating the presence of additive genes action. Traits such as pod weight, days taken to first flowering, and pod width displayed high heritability and moderate genetic advance, suggesting that the high heritability of these traits is due to the effects of additive genes and that genetic gain can be expected through the phenotypic selection. The higher genotypic correlations revealed an inherent association between the traits. Therefore, the selection criterion for high yield was proposed based on the strong character association between plant height, number of pods/cluster, pod width, and pod weight. The number of pods/plant, followed by the number of clusters/plant had the highest direct positive effect on yield. Consequently, pod yield may be increased through selection of heavier pods, more clusters/ plant, and more pods/cluster.
Assessing genetic diversity of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genotypes cultivated under protected condition
Authors: GAUTAM RAVI , SINGH PRAVEEN K , HUSSIAN ZAKIR , TOMER B S , SINGH A K , RUDRA SHALINI GAUR , LAL SANDEEP KUMAR , KUMAR JUGENDRA
Published: May 2024

Present study was carried out during 2018–19 and 2019–20 at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to evaluate 16 quantitative and qualitative traits of 36 genotypes of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and to examine the genetic variability and character association between yield and its component traits. This investigation involved correlation and genetic divergence analyses to gain insights into the relationships among the various traits. The variance analysis revealed notable variations among genotypes, indicating a substantial level of genetic diversity among them. Among the genotypes, 178 and 115 were found promising for both yield and quality traits. Genotype no. 178 was found superior for fruit weight and yield. The principal component analysis indicated that the first 3 components i.e. component 1 (equatorial diameter, average fruit weight and fruit weight uniformity); component 2 (number of locule and equatorial/polar index); and component 3 (number of fruit and number of fruit/cluster) collectively accounted for 81.48% of the variability. The yield exhibited significant positive correlation with average fruit weight (g), pericarp thickness (cm), polar diameter of fruit (cm), equatorial diameter of fruits (cm) and average fruit weight after each harvest (kg).
Zinc uptake in rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system under the influence of microbial consortia (Pusa decomposer) mediatedin situ rice straw management options
Authors: MANU S M , SINGH Y V , SHIVAY Y S , SHEKHAWAT KAPILA , SHARMA V K , SAHA NAMITA DAS , DINESH GOVINDARAJ KAMALAM
Published: May 2024

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) and winter (rabi) seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of various crop establishment methods and microbial consortia (Pusa decomposer) mediated in situ rice straw management options on zinc (Zn) concentration and uptake in rice (Oryza sativa L.) (cv. Pusa Basmati 1509) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (cv. HD 2967). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design (SPD) with 3 replications having 2 main plot (main factor) treatments, viz. aerobic rice (AR); and conventional transplanted (CT) rice in wet season; and 7 sub- plot (sub-factor) treatments, viz. Clean cultivation (removal of paddy straw); Paddy straw incorporation (PSI); Paddy straw mulching (PSM); PSI + Pusa decomposer (PD); PSM + PD; PSI + urea @20 kg/ha; and PSI + PD + urea @10 kg/ha in dry season. Findings showed that, in rice the zinc concentration (18.51 and 20.30 mg/kg in grain; 57.02 and 57.81 mg/kg in straw) and uptake (78.38 and 89.81 g/ha in grain; 427.1 and 434.6 g/ha in straw) were significantly superior in CT rice than AR in main plots during both the years of experiments. However, sub-plot treatments were non-significant in the zinc concentration and uptake. In wheat, among in situ rice straw management options (sub- plots), paddy straw incorporation + Pusa decomposer + Urea @10 kg/ha treatment significantly resulted in higher Zn concentration (38.08 and 39.03 mg/kg in grain; 28.24 and 29.01 mg/kg in straw) and uptake (185.0 and 191.9 g/ha in grain; 234.2 and 242.6 g/ha in straw) compared to other treatments and control (clean cultivation). The principal component analysis revealed that Zn uptake positively correlated with straw and grain yields in rice and wheat. Thus, the same treatment was found to be a better option for higher Zn concentration and uptake in the rice-wheat cropping system.
Reusing and recycling timber for a circular construction
Authors: Rostad Ola
Published: May 2024

With a budget of circa 20 million euros and 30 partners, SirkTRE is one of Norway’s biggest R&D projects of its kind. It is managed by Omtre AS and counts 6 work packages. Ola Rostad is the leader for task SirkGLOBAL, the work package which is responsible for networking and outreach internationally.
Engineer's Guide to PI Claims. Part 11: Post-loss reviews and lessons learned
Authors:   Griffiths & Armour
Published: May 2024

We conclude the series on professional indemnity claims from Griffiths & Armour with a look at what engineers can gain from a post-loss review.
Structural use of bamboo. Part 3: Design values
Authors: Kaminski Sebastian , Lawrence Andrew , Trujillo David , Feltham Ian , Lopez Luis Felipe
Published: May 2024

This third article offers an up-to-date guide for determining design values for bamboo elements.
PERSEPSI DAN KESEDIAAN BELIA TERHADAP HUBUNGAN ANTARA AGAMA DI SELANGOR DAN PULAU PINANG
Authors:   Universiti Putra Malaysia, GILL SARJIT S.
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK Makalah ini membincangkan persepsi dan kesediaan belia terhadap hubungan antara agama di Semenanjung Malaysia. Realitinya, hubungan etnik dan agama di Malaysia mempunyai perkaitan yang sangat rapat. Ini kerana pengenalan sesuatu etnik sering ditonjolkan bersama agama yang dianuti. Maka, sekiranya berlaku konflik agama ia tidak terkecuali untuk dibincangkan aspek etnik secara bersama. Kajian ini dijalankan di dua negeri, iaitu Selangor dan Pulau Pinang kerana kedua-dua negeri ini sering mengalami masalah hubungan agama dan etnik sejak kebelakangan ini. Kajian ini melibatkan seramai 500 responden dalam kalangan belia yang berumur antara 18 hingga 40 tahun. Pemilihan responden adalah secara pensampelan mudah. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk tinjauan dan kaedah pengumpulan data menggunakan soal selidik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa majoriti belia mempunyai persepsi yang positif terhadap hubungan antara agama. Selain itu, majoriti belia mempunyai tahap kesediaan yang sederhana dalam memahami agama lain. Kata Kunci: Hubungan antara Agama, Belia, Persepsi, Toleransi, Hubungan Etnik
SIKAP DAN TINGKAH LAKU GEN Y TERHADAP AMALAN ‘BUDI BAHASA, BUDAYA KITA’
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, AHMAD JAMILAH
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK Amalan ‘Budi Bahasa, Budaya Kita’ semakin terhakis dalam kehidupan masyarakat Malaysia khususnya Gen Y. Bercakap kasar, menconteng harta benda awam, tidak menghormati orang tua adalah beberapa amalan tidak berbudi bahasa yang sering dilakukan oleh Gen Y pada masa kini sehingga mencetuskan kebimbangan semua pihak. Ini adalah kerana, Gen Y merupakan aset yang berharga kepada negara kerana kebolehan dan keupayaan mereka dalam memberi sumbangan terhadap pembangunan dan kemajuan negara. Maka adalah penting untuk mendidik dan mempengaruhi generasi ini agar mengaplikasikan amalan ‘Budi Bahasa Budaya Kita’dalam kehidupan kerana, kebolehan, keupayaan dan keistimewaan generasi ini tidak akan sempurna dan berguna kepada negara jika akhlak dan peribadi mereka tidak dijaga dan dipelihara. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengetahuan, sikap dan tingkah laku Gen Y terhadap amalan ‘Budi Bahasa Budaya Kita’ dalam kehidupan mereka. Hasil kajian mendapati, pengetahuan Gen Y terhadap amalan ‘Budi Bahasa Budaya Kita’ adalah tinggi. Majoriti responden memahami amalan atau perkara yang digolongkan sebagai berbudi bahasa. Majoriti responden beranggapan bahawa, amalan ‘Budi Bahasa Budaya Kita’ adalah penting untuk dipraktikkan serta merupakan satu kewajipan dan kemestian bagi masyarakat untuk mengaplikasikannya. Kata Kunci: Amalan ‘Budi Bahasa Budaya Kita’, Gen Y, Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tingkah Laku
Sensitivity to Spanish Phonotactic Constraints among English Monolinguals
Authors: A. Moreno Miguel , Mings Sofia
Published: May 2024

We investigated the implicit phonotactic constraints of adults who are incidentally exposed to a language in their ambient environment. People in south Texas have persistent exposure to Spanish due to strong historic, cultural, and economic ties to Mexico and Spanish speaking people. We show that people who self-identify as English monolinguals living in south Texas are able to judge the Spanish word-likeness of Spanish based nonwords just as well as self-identified Spanish-English bilinguals indicating that the English monolinguals living in south Texas have and utilize a non-negligible source of phonotactic knowledge of Spanish.
Ten Quick and Easy Ways to Enhance Early Literacy Instruction: Tips from a School Occupational Therapist
Authors: Swift Sharon , Barker Kim
Published: May 2024

Occupational therapists (OTs) can be valuable team members because of their expertise in activity and environmental analysis and, in particular, their skills in facilitating access to curricular and extracurricular activities for students with unique learning needs (AOTA, 2017). School OTs can assist with creating multi-sensory activities and providing suggestions for environmental modifications to increase children’s engagement in learning activities to support literacy learning. Research shows that when children use multiple senses to learn new skills, they are not only able to remember the new skills more quickly, but they are also able to attend to activities longer (Golden & McCraken, 2016). The more parts of the brain involved in tasks, the greater the likelihood of learning; thus, multisensory learning through participation in meaningful, fun literacy activities can increase learning!
Organizational work and adoption of standards of the All-Russian Sports Society “Ready for Labor and Defense” (GTO) in an educational organization
Authors: Svetlakova M. V. , Markova S. V. , Panshina S. A.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. Currently, the competence of health-saving behavior is indicated in all areas of educational activity. It correlates with the upbringing of the younger generation of a health culture, which means not only health literacy, but also the practical embodiment of the need to lead a healthy lifestyle, take responsibility for yourself and take care of your own health.  

Methods and organization of research are the essence of aspects of health-saving pedagogy, according to which the consistent formation of a healthy environment at school, college, and institute involves the use and possession by teachers of technologies that do not harm health.  

The results of the study. For the first time, such a large-scale event was held, where teachers of the Yekaterinburg Institute of Physical Culture, together with the judging panel of the Kalininets Sports and Recreation Complex, conducted a Sports quest, and participants in the quest to fulfill the standards of the TRP were both students of the college and the Institute of Physical Culture, as well as physical education teachers of schools in Yekaterinburg.  

Conclusions: The focus of attention when introducing the WFSK TRP into the education system should be not only the actual preparation for the implementation of standards, but also the formation of a physical culture of the individual, which is advisable to carry out through spiritual and moral, patriotic education and tourism and local history activities as an element of spiritual, moral and patriotic education.
PEST INFESTATION ON THE BIOCHEMICAL MODULATION OF ADHATODA VASICA
Authors:   Department of Zoology, S. B. K. College, Aruppukottai, Tamil Nadu, India, Phone: 04562 – 280830, 9488250070, E-mail: emimalvictoria@yahoo.com., Emimal Victoria E
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Essential oil of Adhatoda vasica leaves contain vasicine, vasicinone and maiontone. The plant has lot of medicinal value against many diseases. Insecticidal activity of Adhatoda vasica was highlighted previously. Hence a thorough seasonal survey is taken up in A vasica to estimate the variation in the quantity and quality of the essential oils and alkaloids of A. vasica found in Virudhunagar District. The investigation proposes to study the various insect pests of the plants in exsitu cultivated plants of the Virudhunagar district. The data are compared with 50 plants collected from different areas and cultivated at the experimental gardens. Harvest was made at the interval of three months and a comparative analysis is presented after pest infestation. The above study is more valuable since the cost effectiveness of the tuberculosis treatment with A. vasica is commendable.
ORGANIC SOURCE INDUCED SILICA ON LEAF FOLDER, STEM BORER AND GALL MIDGE POPULATION AND RICE YIELD
Authors:   Agricultural College and Research Institute,Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, E-mail: deanagrimdu@tnau.ac.in, Chandramani P , Rajendran R ,   Agricultural College and Research Institute,Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India., Muthiah C ,   Agricultural College and Research Institute,Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, E-mail: deanagrimdu@tnau.ac.in, Chinniah C ,   Agricultural College and Research Institute,Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, E-mail: deanagrimdu@tnau.ac.in
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Experiments were carried out in field conditions to analyse the effect of induced resistance on certain major pests of rice viz., leaf folder, stem borer and gall midge. The population of these insects were assessed at regular intervals on plants imposed with treatments including neem cake (NC),farm yard manure (FYM), Azospirillum (Azos), phosphobacterium (Phos), Silicate Solublising Bacteria (SSB) and lignite fly ash(LFA).The results revealed that the combination of FYM, three biofertilizers, lignite fly ash and neem cake applied in splits significantly reduced the incidence leaf folder (76.69%), stem borer (58.66 ) and gall midge (66.81%) as compared to NPK applied as inorganic form. The insect population was correlated with silica content and it was analysed in the leaf sheath and laminae of plants treated with organic sources of nutrients. As the age of the plant increased, silica content proportionately increased in the plants. There was significant difference in silica content on 45 and 60 DAT among treatments. The treatment viz., application of three biofertilizers, lignite fly ash along with FYM and neem cake either as basal (7.8%) or in splits recorded high silica content (8.10 %) as compared to other treatments.It was found that the occurrence of these major insects was negatively correlated with silica content. Correlation values between silica and insects were -0.789 for leaf folder, -0.930 for stem borer and -0.958 for gall midge. The main cause for the death of insects due to fly ash application was wearing of mandibles and main feeding organs of insects which resulted in functionless mandibles so that the insects of paddy die without food. Further, the incidence of major insects was negatively correlated with yield. Application of organic sources of nutritions significantly increased the rice grain yield. The treatment with biofertilizers, lignite fly ash, FYM and neem cake in splits recorded significantly higher grain yield (5.49 t/ha) which was on a par with NPK applied plots (5.38 t/ha).and the per cent increase in yield over NPK was 2%.It is concluded that application of organic sources of nutrition reduced the incidence of leaf folder, stem borer and gall midge and increased the yield in rice.
LABORATORY EVALUATION OF TRANSGENIC BT COTTON AND NON BT COTTON PLANT PARTS AGAINST THIRD INSTAR LARVAE OF SPODOPTERA LITURA (FAB.) (NOCTUIDAE: LEPIDOPTERA)
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, Govindan K , Gunasekaran K ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, Kuttalam S ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, Aiswariya K K ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The lab performance of certain released Bt cotton hybrids for their effect on Spodoptera litura were evaluated in comparison with non Bt cotton plant parts. Bt cotton hybrids viz., Bt bunny, six Bollgard II (cry 1 Ac + cry 2 Ab genes) hybrids e.g. RCH 2 Bt , RCH 515 Bt , RCH 596 Bt, RCH 530 Bt, RCH 134 Bt and RCH 533 Bt and two non Bt cotton viz., Non Bt bunny and RCH 2 non Bt cotton against cotton leaf worm, S. litura third instar larva. Four plant parts viz., young green bolls, top fully opened young leaves, middle leaves and squares were tested. Among the Bt cotton hybrids and non Bt cotton evaluated, RCH 2 Bt top fully opened young leaves showed highest per cent mortality followed by squares, middle leaves and young green bolls observed at 168 hours after the treatments (HAT) followed by top fully opened young leaves, squares, middle leaves and young green bolls of RCH 515 Bt which recorded 46.67, 38.34, 37.67 and 30.00 per cent mortality, respectively after 168 HAT when compared to squares, green bolls, top fully opened leaves and middle leaves of RCH 2 non Bt cotton which recorded 4.83, 4.17, 3.33 and 0.00 per cent mortality respectively after 168 HAT.
INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS HEALTH DRINKS MEDIA ON GROWTH AND SPORULATION OF NOMURAEA RILEYI (FARLOW) SAMSON ISOLATES
Authors:   CICR, R.S., Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, E-mail: snraja_insect @yahoo.co.in., Sonai Rajan T , Muthukrishnan N ,   Dept. of Agricultural Entomology, HC&RI, Periyakulam, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Evaluation of the growth and sporulation Nomuraea rileyi isolates on different health drinks sources media showed potato maltova agar was significantly superior to other media and supported the maximum biomass, mycelial growth and conidial count. In case of PDBC isolate, among the six different health drinks sources tested, the maximum radial growth, biomass and spore production were observed in potato maltova agar medium both in solid as well as in the liquid medium. Similar trend of growth and development was observed with DOR and local isolates of N. rileyi.
INFLUENCE OF HERBAL TONIC ALLOE ON THE OVERALL PERFORMANCE OF THE MULBERRY SILKWORM, BOMBYX MORI L.
Authors:   Department of Zoology, ANJA College (Autonomous), Sivakasi - 626 124, Tamil Nadu, India,, Manimuthu M , Isaiarasu L ,   Department of Zoology, ANJA College (Autonomous), Sivakasi - 626 124, Tamil Nadu, India,
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The influence of the dietary supplementation of the herbal tonic “Alloe” containing principally the extract of Aloe vera Linne. on the growth and the cocoon characteristics of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L. commercial cross breed race L x CSR2 during its fifth instar was experimented. This, in general, elicited better response of the growth and the cocoon characteristics of this silkworm. Specifically, the Aloe vera tonic at 2.0 per cent concentration resulted higher larval growth and increased the weight of cocoon. The mean larval weight, relative growth rate, effective rearing rate, larval consumption index of the final instar larvae of B. mori increased with this supplementation of Aloe vera tonic. The average pupal weight and mother moth weight also increased as a result of this supplementation. Maximum shell weight and shell ratio were noted in the experimental sets treated with the A. vera tonic. In addition, the fibroin content of the cocoon shell produced by this silkworm in response to the dietary supplementation of Aloe vera tonic treatment also showed significant increase over the control The overall performance of Bombyx mori in response to this A. vera tonic treatment observed in the present study and the evaluation index values worked out showed that the growth and the cocoon parameters could be improved with the supplementation of A. vera commercial preparations.
OPTICAL DENSITY - A TOOL FOR THE ESTIMATION OF SPORE COUNT OF TRICHODERMA VIRIDE
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Associate Director of Research, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India, Waghunde R R , John Priya ,   Department of Plant Pathology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Associate Director of Research, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India, Naik B M ,   Department of Plant Pathology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Associate Director of Research, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India, Solanky K U ,   Department of Plant Pathology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Associate Director of Research, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India, Sabalpara A N ,   Department of Plant Pathology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Associate Director of Research, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Spore count is an important parameter in mass multiplication of entomopathogens including Trichoderma viride for quality analysis. In the present investigation, it has been found that optical density (OD) is an easy and reliable method as compared to haemocytometer count (HC) reading. A positive correlation between T. viride concentration (0.05 to 0.5%) and OD had been found in proportional to HC count at seventh day and increased at 10th day after inoculation on sugarcane juice medium (SJM). The spore count of T. viride can be determined at 550nm with spectrophotometer in place of haemocytometer by measuring optical density.
PATHOGENICITY AND HAEMOLYMPH PROTEIN CHANGES IN EDESSA MEDITABUNDA F. (HEMIPTERA:PENTATOMIDAE) INFECTED BY PAECILOMYCES LILACINUS
Authors:   Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Trinidad, West Indies, Rambadan Shamela , Jugmohan Hamraji ,   Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Trinidad, West Indies, Khan Ayub ,   Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Trinidad, West Indies
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Adult Edessa meditabunda were found to be naturally infected by the entomopathogenic fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus (ARSEF 10225) for the first time in Trinidad in the field and consequently laboratory experiments were conducted to determine its efficacy. Mean in vitro radial colony growth for P. lilacinus was the fastest at 200C and slowest at 350C. The LC50 for adult E. meditabunda using P. lilacinus was determined as 6.32 x 106 spores/ml. At this concentration, 50% mortality (ie.LT50) of E. meditabunda was achieved in 1.95 days. Haemolymph of adult E. meditabunda was extracted and used in the identification of proteins by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and the total protein content by the Lowry’s method. There were a total of four protein bands present in the haemolymph of control adults, all of which had molecular weights more than 138.7 kDa. There was gradual increase in the number of bands from day 1-3 post infection by P. lilacinus. Two new protein bands (104.7 kDa and 49.5 kDa) appeared on Day 3 post infection. The total haemolymph protein concentration was significantly higher in the control compared to all three days post infection.
MASS SCALE CULTIVATION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS NOMURAEA RILEYI USING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AND AGRO WASTES
Authors:   Ruchi Biochemicals, Suman House, Tirora Road, Kudwa, Gondia – 441614, Maharashtra, India., Thakre Mamta
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Various agricultural products like rice, sorghum and wheat and agrowastes namely refuse raw potatoes and refuse raw bananas were evaluated for mass scale cultivation of entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi. Among the grains, rice (5.53 x 107 spore/g) supported the maximum spore production of fungus followed by refuse raw bananas (4.2 x 107 spores/g) and sorghum (4.01 x 107 spores/g) on the 11th day after inoculation of spore suspension. whereas, wheat (3.55 x 107 spores/g) and refuse potato chips (3.1 x 107 spores/g) supported less spore load than other substrates on the 11th day and on the 15th day after inoculation of spore suspension respectively. According to the references based on N. rileyi, use of raw banana as dry chips form for cultivation of fungus was carried out for the first time in this study. This study suggests alternative nutrient sources for mass scale cultivation of fungus and that the biotechnological potential of agro refuses could be employed in biopesticide development.
BIOMANAGEMENT OF CITRUS NEMATODE TYLENCHULUS SEMIPENETRANS COBB ON LEMON, CITRUS LIMONIA L.
Authors:   Department of Nematology, Centre for Plant Production Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore641 003. Tamil Nadu, India, Deepa S P , Subramanian S ,   Department of Nematology, Centre for Plant Production Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore641 003. Tamil Nadu, India, Ramakrishnan S ,   Department of Nematology, Centre for Plant Production Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore641 003. Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted on a nine - year old citrus, Citrus limonia L. garden affected with citrus nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans heavily to evaluate the biocontrol potential of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and Pochonia chlamydosporia in the management of citrus nematode. The above bioagents were inoculated in talc formulation at a depth of 20-30 cm and 120 cm away from the trunk of the tree and compared with carbofuran 3G (100g/tree) as chemical check and untreated control. Observations were made on citrus nematode population and fruit yield one year after the delivery of the above test bioagents. The observations revealed that all the bioagents are effective to reduce the citrus nematode population and to increase the fruit yield of Citrus limonia L. Among them the use of P. fluorescens available commercially as talc formulation @ 20g/tree is most effective to reduce T. semipenetrans population (71.49 %) and to increase the fruit yield three fold compared to untreated control.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF WATER JETTING AND CHEMICAL MEASURES AGAINST MAJOR SUCKING PESTS OF MULBERRY AND THEIR SAFETY TO NATURAL ENEMIES
Authors:   Research Extension Center, Central Silk Board (CSB), Inam Karisal Kulam (Post), Srivilliputtur – 626 125, Tamil Nadu, India. Email: sakthivelcsb@hotmail.com, Sakthivel N , Balakrishna R ,   Regional Sericultural Research Station, CSB, Salem – 636003, Tamil Nadu, India, Qadri S M H ,   Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, CSB, Mysore- 570 008, Karnataka, India.
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Comparative efficacy of user friendly water jetting technique by diverting a portion of irrigation water through a garden hose and chemical measures [0.1 % dichlorvos (76EC) / 0.05% dimethoate (30 EC)] practised by farmers against the major sucking pests of mulberry was studied. Two treatments with water jetting at 15 and 25 days after pruning (DAP) of mulberry plants was more effective in control of papaya mealybug than all concurrent chemical measures viz. two sprays of dichlorvos, dichlorvos followed by dimethoate, dimethoate followed by dichlorvos and two sprays of dimethoate. Against spiralling whitefly and jassid water jetting exhibited at par results with two sprays of dimethoate and dimethoate followed by dichlorvos but superior to the rest of the chemical measures. But against thrips, it was recorded lower efficacy than two sprays of dimethoate and dimethoate followed by dichlorvos, at par with dichlorvos followed by dimethoate and better than two spray of dichlorvos. Water jetting in mulberry garden showed slight or no deleterious effect on predatory coccinellids and spiders whereas there was drastic reduction in their population on chemical measures. However, the additional treatment of water jetting a third time at 35 DAP supported to reduce the population of all sucking pests in a greater extent constantly till 45 DAP and the highest population of natural enemies in the water jetted plots also worked to keep the pest population reduced which resulted in higher leaf yield and economy than all chemical measures.
The association of vaccination status with perceived discrimination in patients with COVID-19: results from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Becker Christoph , Beck Katharina , Moser Céline , Lessing Clara , Arpagaus Armon , Gross Sebastian , Urben Tabita , Schaefert Rainer , Amacher Simon , Bassetti Stefano , Schuetz Philipp , Hunziker Sabina
Published: May 2024

STUDY AIMS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was increasing pressure to be vaccinated to prevent further spread of the virus and improve outcomes. At the same time, part of the population expressed reluctance to vaccination, for various reasons. Only a few studies have compared the perceptions of vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients being treated in hospitals for COVID-19. Our aim was to investigate the association between vaccination status and perceived healthcare-associated discrimination in patients with COVID-19 receiving hospital treatment.
METHODS: Adult patients presenting to the emergency department or hospitalised for inpatient care due to or with COVID-19 from 1 June to 31 December 2021 in two Swiss hospitals were eligible. The primary endpoint was patients’ perceived healthcare-associated discrimination, measured with the Discrimination in Medical Settings (DMS) scale. Secondary endpoints included different aspects of perceived quality of care and symptoms of psychological distress measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
RESULTS: Non-vaccinated patients (n = 113) had significantly higher DMS scores compared to vaccinated patients (n = 80) (mean: 9.54 points [SD: 4.84] vs 7.79 points [SD: 1.85]; adjusted difference: 1.18 [95% CI: 0.04–2.33 points]) and 21 of 80 vaccinated patients felt discriminated against vs 54 of 113 non-vaccinated patients (adjusted OR: 2.09 [95% CI: 1.10–3.99 ]). Non-vaccinated patients reported lower scores regarding respectful treatment by the nursing team (mean: 8.39 points [SD: 2.39] vs 9.30 points [SD: 1.09]; adjusted difference: –0.6 [95% CI: -1.18 – –0.02 points]).
CONCLUSION: We found an association between vaccination status and perceived healthcare-associated discrimination. Healthcare workers should act in a professional manner regardless of a patient’s vaccination status; in doing so, they might prevent the creation of negative perceptions in patients.
Pengaruh Kompensasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Pada Departemen Store Bolly Sila
Authors: Andini Putri , Jaenab Jaenab
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kompensasi berpengauh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan pada Departemen Store Bolly Sila. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian asosiatif. Tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu sebanyak 45 orang responden. Istrumen penelitian yang di gunakan yaitu kuesioner dengan menggunakan skala likert. Tehnik analisis analisi data menggunakan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa nilai sebesar t-hitung  5,133 sedangkan  t-tabel  2,018 hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai (t hitung > t tabel), maka H1 diterima dan Ho di tolak artinya kompensasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan pada Departemen Store Bolly Sila.
Semantic Web and Distance Learning: Euphoria, Frustration and Restart
Authors: Castello Branco Neto Wilson
Published: May 2024

In the nineties, two different trends on distance learning research arose. The first one aimed to create systems able to adapt themselves to students’ characteristics, based on instructional and learning theories, while the second aimed to facilitate the creation and management of distance courses, by reusing material. Technologies available so far had hindered the creation of systems able to conjoin the benefits achieved by both groups because adaptive systems were limited to a specific knowledge domain, and almost everything had to be recreated to be used in a different subject. On the other hand, systems able to deal with different subjects could not automatically adapt their content to students’ needs. The emergence of the Semantic Web, as well as Learning Objects, led researchers to develop projects based on them to solve that problem. At last, adaptive and reusable courses based on learning theories could be developed. Learning Object Metadata and other standards for e-learning, as well as ontologies about different knowledge domains, students’ characteristics and learning theories were the tools that researchers were missing to solve such problems. Although much research and publications have been done in that period, few practical results were noticed, frustrating not only the students, but also the teachers and other education-related workers, as they realized that the level of system autonomy they had aimed for had not been reached. This paper describes the euphoria caused by the Semantic Web, problems related to the engineering of ontologies that led to a frustration period, as well as the current period, in which research was resumed with less ambitious objectives. Thus, some considerations about the future of the Semantic Web Based Learning are presented.
An overview of novel transcription factors involved in spermatogonial stem cells
Authors: Hasani Mahforoozmahalleh Zahra , Azizi Hossein
Published: May 2024

A unique subset of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) initiates and maintains spermatogenesis. These SSCs have unique morphological traits attached to the seminiferous tubules basement membrane. They provide the groundwork for a healthy stem cell system in the testis, which is essential for spermatogenesis and other reproductive functions. The fascinating proteins known as transcription factors (TFs) have a great deal of control over gene expression in all living things. Some TFs are essential to the coordination of the complex dance known as spermatogenesis. Certain mutations in TFs may lead to the disorder of spermatogenesis. Distinguishing these TFs will be helpful to understand spermatogenesis and to locate possible therapeutic targets. In this chapter, we will review the recently identified TFs including E4F1, FoxP4, A-MYB, TCFL5, and TCF3 that play a role in SSCs. Enrich Shiny gene ontology and Cytoscape tools were used to predict the molecular connections and functional characteristics of proteins in order to find the key pathways. Our bioinformatic analysis will help us to understand these new and important connections between the TFs and the remaining gene expression in the protein network.
Challenges and Recent Advances in NK-Mediated Adoptive Cell Therapies against Cancer
Authors: Zhang Tianxiang
Published: May 2024

Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in the innate immune system. Unlike adaptive immune cells that rely on specific antigen receptors, NK cell activity is governed by germline-encoded activating or inhibitory receptors expressed on the cell surface. The integration of signals from these receptors determines the NK cell response. Activated NK cells demonstrate potent cytotoxicity against target cells. The distinctive attributes of NK cells, marked by quick response, robust cytotoxicity, and the absence of antigen receptors, position them as promising tools in cancer immunotherapy. Ongoing clinical trials are actively assessing NK cells and related reagents, showing promising outcomes. However, significant challenges arise from the immunosuppressive mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment, impeding the broader application of NK cells. In-depth studies on these mechanisms are imperative to identify solutions, ultimately paving the way for the widespread clinical utilization of NK cells in cancer immunotherapy.
Fostering Creativity via AI Robotics
Authors: Albaneen Jamali Um
Published: May 2024

This research paper presents a research study exploring the impact of robotics programs on fostering creativity in primary school pupils. The study conducted over 4 months and employed a mixed methodology combining pre-post CAP testing, interviews, and observational analysis. The study sample comprised 60 female students, aged 10 to 12, from a middle socio-economic background. The participants were randomly divided into control and treatment groups. The students in the treatment group were introduced to an Arduino robotics program involving artificial intelligence, whereas the participants in the control group did not join such program. The findings from the pre-posttests demonstrated that the AI robotics program, significantly enhanced thinking skills of creativity including flexibility, fluency, elaboration, and originality. The paper offers insights for education policy makers and provides recommendations for future research in this field. The chapter recommends incorporating AI robotics in the curriculum while calling educational policy makers for proving training and research opportunities in this field.
Noninvasive testing of preimplantation embryos in assisted reproductive technology
Authors: Zhou Qing , Wang Yutong
Published: May 2024

One approach to improving the success of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is the careful selection of embryos prior to implantation. Although preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is widely employed for embryo selection, it needs embryo biopsy and is detrimental to embryos. Thus, noninvasive testing of preimplantation embryos offers new possibilities for evaluating embryo quality. Here, we reviewed current progression of noninvasive embryo testing technologies, including the use of microscopy images combined with artificial intelligence (AI) to select embryos based on morphology, minimally invasive and noninvasive PGT of blastocoel fluid and spent embryo culture medium, and omics analysis of molecules in the culture medium to assess the developmental potential of embryos. More importantly, using the AI technology based on various type of data of each embryo will greatly improve the noninvasive embryo assessments. Thus, these cutting-edge technologies offer fresh insights into noninvasive testing of preimplantation embryos and have the potential to enhance the quality and efficiency of ART procedures.
Major Contaminants of Peanut and Its Products and Their Methods of Management
Authors: B.M. Kabbashi Esameldin
Published: May 2024

Peanut (Arachis hypogeae L.), Fabaceae, is highly rich in protein (26%). It has popular products such as roasted peanut, peanut butter, and oil. They are vulnerable to many contaminants specified by the Codex Alimentarius, Codex Committee on Contaminants of Food (CCCF), such as biological contaminants, insects, fungi, bacteria, and toxins, which can be byproducts or native contaminants; mycotoxins, which are yard sticks in local and global trade; physical and solid objects (e.g., trash); residues of pesticides and aerial pollutants, such as heavy metals, including lead, copper, nickel, and halogens, etc., from industrial gases and wastes; and industrial byproducts, such as furans and radiation, in addition to the free radicles that arise from rancidity and other metabolic processes. The reactions from and actions taken by the organizations of pertinence are reflected in the setting of maximum acceptable limits (MALs). These include the FAO, WHO, Codex Alimentarius, the European Food Safety Association (EFSA), USA and KSA Food and Drug Administrations, the SSMO (Sudanese Standards & Metrology Organization), etc. However, researchers and governments worldwide are all involved in enormous tedious and fruitful efforts to integrate the management of these contaminants.