bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on blood microcirculation: experimental research of therapeutic effect
Authors: Kozlov V. I. , Ryzhakin S. M. , Sabantseva E. G.
Published: August 2024

Currently, nitric oxide (NO) is considered a signaling molecule that acts as a universal regulator of many physiological processes in the body. The purpose of this research was to study the effects of exogenous NO on microcirculatory vessels and their blood flow under experimental conditions for the pathogenetic justification of NO therapy and correction of microcirculatory disorders. Methods. Effects of exogenic NO on microvessels of cranial pia mater were studied in white Wistar rats. Another set of experiments was carried out in hamsters to correct microcirculatory disorders caused by inflammatory-destructive lesions of the oral mucosa of the cheek pouch with NO therapy. Results. The effectiveness of the complex treatment of inflammatory-destructive diseases of the oral mucosa has increased with the use of NO. Conclusion. It has been established that the key factor in the positive effect of exogenous NO in therapeutic doses on blood microcirculation is the activation of vasomotor activity of microvessels.
The Relationship Between Brand Hate and Product Quality on Non-Repurchase Intention (A Case Study of Bottled Drinking Water Product X)
Authors: Subrata Pramudya Ibnu , Indrawati Indrawati
Published: August 2024

The growth of the bottled drinking water industry market in Indonesia post-COVID-19 presents a significant opportunity for all bottled water producers in the country. However, Product X, as one of the products in the bottled drinking water industry in Indonesia, experienced a decline in sales and Brand Index in 2023, which is suspected to be due to calls for a boycott of Product X accompanied by news related to Bisphenol A (BPA) content in the product. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of the influence of Product Quality and Brand Hate on Non-Repurchase Intention, mediated by Negative Electronic Word of Mouth (N-EWOM). This research is quantitative with causal and descriptive analysis. Sampling was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 465 respondents, which were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the statistical software SmartPLS 3.2.9. The results of this study indicate a positive and significant relationship between Brand Hate and Non-Repurchase Intention, as well as a negative and significant relationship between Product Quality and Non-Repurchase Intention mediated by N-EWOM for Product X. The model in this study can predict the Non-Repurchase Intention of Product X consumers by 43.1%, which falls into the weak category. Based on these findings, Product X can: (1) cease activities that deviate from the ideology of Indonesian society, (2) build a good Brand Image, and (3) initiate a positive electronic word-of-mouth (EWOM) campaign on social media to rebuild its brand image.
Alat Peraga Venturimeter Tanpa Manometer
Authors: Mumtaza Nazifa , Ar-Rahim Nuri Fattah , Wakid Zidan , Suryandari Suryandari
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya perbedaan ketinggian diantara dua pipa kapiler dan menghitung besar kecepatan aliran zat (fluida) pada penampang besar juga penampang kecil. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen. Eksperimen yang dilakukan yaitu eksperimen sederhana dengan design pipa venturimeter tanpa manometer untuk mengambil data perbedaan ketinggian air pada pipa besar dan kecil, yang digunakan untuk perhitungan kecepatan aliran pipa kecil dan besar. Hasil eksperimen ketinggian air yang diperoleh pada pipa 1 lebih besar dari pipa 2. Saat volume air 5000 m3, selisih ketinggian pipa 1 dan pipa 2 adalah 3.10-2m. Volume air 4000 m3, selisihnya adalah 2,5.10-2 m. Serta volume 3000 m3, selisih yang didapat adalah 1,5.10-2 m. Pada pipa 1, volume 5000 m3 diperoleh kecepatan air sebesar 3,9×10-1 m/s. Kemudian untuk pipa 2, volume 5000 m3 diperoleh kecepatan air sebesar 8,5×10-1 m/s. Nilai kecepatan air tersebut seiring bertambah jika luas penampangnya semakin kecil.
The Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Coriandrum sativum Seeds by Using Green Solvents
Authors: Demir Özge , Gök Aslı , Kırbaşlar Şahismail
Published: August 2024

In this study, bioactive compounds from Coriandrum sativum seeds were extracted by microwave assisted extraction (MAE) using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs). The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of extracts was determined by using cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) analyses have been employed to measure the free radical scavenging ability of the sample extracts. Five different deep eutectic solvents, using choline chloride in combination with hydrogen bond donors (three polyalcohols and two organic acids) were firstly scanned. Choline chloride and 1,4-butanediol at the molar ratio of 1:4 was the best solvent of choice to extract natural antioxidants to achieve the best level of TAC. The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to achieve the most advantageous conditions. The optimal process conditions for the maximum TAC value were as follows: 326 watt microwave power, 88 second extraction time, and 10 liquid/solid (L/S) ratio. In this study, we report an efficient, rapid, and green method to extract natural antioxidants from Turkish Coriandrum sativum seeds.
Gríslatindur
Authors: Weyhe Eivind
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the article, the author suggests interpreting the mountain name *Gríslatindur as an original *Grýtingslíðartindur. In this lies also implicitly that the pass at the top of the mountain has been called *Grýtingslíð, and that the name may contain a vanished mountain name *Grýtingur, norr. Grýtingr.
Úrtak
Í greinini skjýtur høvundurin upp at tolka fjallanavnið Gríslatindur sum eitt upprunaligt *Grýtingslíðartindur. Harí liggur tískil eisini at líðin ovast í fjallinum hevur verið nevnd *Grýtingslíð, og at tað navnið kann innihalda eitt horvið fjallanavn *Grýtingur, norr. Grýtingr.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN CANVA: Implementasi Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Canva pada Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SD Islam Bani Hasyim
Authors: Wahhab Akhmad Fatkhul , Sedagadi Nurul Fitriani , Ruslin Evi Cahyani
Published: August 2024

This journal contains how the influence of the use of Canva's audio-visual media on the learning of Islamic Religious Education at Bani Hasyim Islamic Elementary School. The use of Canva's audio-visual learning media so that in learning activities create interesting teaching and learning conditions and do not cause student boredom. Canva media itself is one of the learning media that can be displayed on a projector and is equipped with animations and pictures that can attract students' learning interest. This journal will discuss starting from how to design, develop, and apply learning media while in the classroom. Researchers use the case study research method, where researchers will assess the effectiveness of using this learning media with the use of other learning media.
 
Abstrak
Jurnal ini berisi mengenai bagaimana pengaruh penggunaan media audio visual Canva pada pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SD Islam Bani Hasyim. Penggunaan media pembelajaran audio visual Canva agar dalam kegiatan pembelajaran tercipta kondisi belajar mengajar yang menarik dan tidak menimbulkan kebosanan peserta didik. Media Canva sendiri merupakan salah satu media pembelajaran yang dapat ditampilkan di proyektor dan dilengkapi dengan animasi serta gambar-gambar yang bisa menarik daya minat belajar peserta didik. Pada jurnal ini akan dibahas mulai dari bagaimana cara perancangan, pengembangan, dan penerapan media pembelajaran selama di dalam kelas. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus, dimana peneliti akan menilai ke-efektivitas-an penggunaan media pembelajaran ini dengan penggunaan media pembelajaran yang lain.
Strategi Dakwah MGT Radio Bandung pada Program Pintu Hikmah
Authors: Abdul Basith Muhammad  , Neneng Faoziyah  , Hani Hadiati Pujawardani
Published: August 2024

This research is backgrounded by the importance of media and strategy in the implementation of da'wah. The objectives of this study are; 1) to identify and describe the da'wah strategy used in the Pintu Hikmah program at MGT Radio Bandung, 2) to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the Pintu Hikmah program at MGT Radio Bandung. The research approach uses a qualitative approach descriptive method. Data collection techniques with interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The results of this study indicate 1) the da'wah strategy on the Pintu Hikmah program uses da'wah bil-lisan by formulating a strategy, namely by determining the concept of da'wah by broadcasting hadith and religious songs on the Hikmah program. The implementation of the Pintu Hikmah program is broadcast every day for one hour with hadiths that have been prepared for 1 month broadcasting, strategy evaluation is carried out at the end of the program. The Pintu Hikmah program has a differentiator from other radio da'wah programs by including religious songs after the end of hadith broadcasting, with a different concept it can attract listeners and make people curious about what will be presented. As a result, the quantity of listeners of Pintu Hikmah program every day is stable listened by 9,000-11,000 listeners. 2) Supporting factors in the Pintu Hikmah program are the placement of the program time before the main program so that listeners are interested, while the inhibiting factor is the unavailability of preachers who meet the predetermined criteria standards to fill the Pintu Hikmah program.
Synthesis and Evaluation of 1,4-Dihydropyridine-Based Urea Derivatives as Polyphenol Oxidase Inhibitors
Authors: Kaya Mustafa Oğuzhan , Demirci Tuna , Taş Halil İbrahim , Karayağız Şeyda , Musatat Ahmad Badreddin , Kaya Yeşim , Kerimak Öner Mine Nazan , Özdemir Oğuzhan , Arslan Mustafa
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the potential inhibitory effects of nine novel synthesized urea-substituted 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives (DT-DEN-1-9) on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. The compounds were synthesized via the Hantzsch reaction, providing a series of structurally diverse urea and thiourea-modified 1,4-dihydropyridines. Polyphenol oxidase enzyme was extracted from banana (Musa cavendishii) and purified using affinity chromatography with a Sepharose 4B-L-tyrosine-p-aminobenzoic acid affinity gel. The purified enzyme's activity was measured spectrophotometrically using catechol as the substrate, monitoring the increase in absorbance at 420 nm. The inhibitory effects of the synthesized compounds on PPO activity were evaluated through in vitro assays. Various concentrations of each compound were incorporated into the enzyme reaction mixture, and the residual PPO activity was determined. The percentage of PPO activity was calculated relative to a control reaction without inhibitors. IC50 values, representing the concentration of inhibitor required to reduce enzyme activity by 50%, were determined using Lineweaver-Burk plots. Among the tested compounds, DT-DEN-6, featuring a phenyl thiourea substituent, exhibited the most potent inhibition with an IC50 value of 100.14 μM. DT-DEN-8, containing a 2,5-dichlorophenyl thiourea moiety, also showed strong inhibitory activity with an IC50 below 150 μM. Structure-activity relationships were observed, with electron-withdrawing substituents generally enhancing inhibitory potency. Conversely, DT-DEN-5, bearing a 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl thiourea substituent, exhibited the weakest inhibition profile (IC50: 233.33 μM). Our findings provide valuable insights for the design of next-generation PPO inhibitors, potentially leading to the development of novel anti-browning agents for applications in food preservation and other industries where control of enzymatic browning is crucial.
Arazi Değerinin Belirlenmesinde Kapitalizasyon Oranının Kullanılması
Authors: Kılıç Osman
Published: August 2024

Kamulaştırma davalarında arazi değeri, araziden elde edilen net gelir esas alınarak hesaplanmaktadır. Bu yaklaşıma göre arazi değerini belirleyen değişkenlerden birisi net gelir diğeri kapitalizasyon oranıdır. Bilirkişilerin kapitalizasyon oranında yapacakları bir hata, arazi değerinin tartışmaya yol açacak ölçüde eksik ya da fazla hesaplanmasına yol açacaktır. Makalenin amacı, kamulaştırma davalarında arazi değerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan kapitalizasyon oranıyla ilgili Yargıtay kararlarını tartışmak ve konuyla ilgili bilimsel bir çerçeve ortaya koymaktır. Makalenin materyalini, 62 adet Yargıtay kararının incelenmesiyle elde edilen veriler oluşturmaktadır. Yargıtay tarafından önerilen kapitalizasyon oranları sayesinde, bilirkişiler arasında uygulama birliğinin sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Böylece aynı bölgede birbirinden çok farklı kapitalizasyon oranlarının kullanılmasının önüne geçilmesi öngörülmektedir. Kapitalizasyon oranıyla ilgili Yargıtay kararlarının, arazi kamulaştırma davalarıyla ilgili itirazları belli ölçüde azalttığı söylenebilir. Makalede, öncelikle kapitalizasyon oranının hesaplanmasıyla ilgili metodolojiye yer verilmiş, daha sonra Yargıtay’ın bilirkişi raporlarına dayalı kararları tartışılmıştır. Makale; bilirkişiler, değerleme komisyonları ve yargı organları başta olmak üzere ilgili kişi ve kuruluşlara yol gösterici olacaktır.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Serta Kendali Suhu dan Kelembaban pada Ruang Server Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Ismail KGS M , Ermawan Jimmy Abiyu , Kosasih Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Ruang server memiliki peranan yang sangat penting karena merupakan ruang utama sebagai tempat untuk menyimpan server dan sistem jaringan yang terhubung dengan perangkat operasional. untuk menunjang kinerja perangkat tersebut salah satu hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah kondisi suhu dan kelembaban di ruangan tersebut. Dengan perkembangan teknologi maka salah satu solusi yang bisa dilakukan adalah menerapkan sistem kontrol dan monitoring dengan menggabungkan antara perangkat lunak dan perangkat keras yang dimanfaatkan sebagia media pengoperasian Air Conditioner (AC) dan Dehumidifier, yang dilakukan secara otomatis menggunakan arduino uno R3 dan wemos D1 mini dengan menambahkan sensor DTH 11 di ruangan. Sistem ini dapat bekerja  secara  realtime  melalui  website  yang  dapat diakses melalui komputer. Dengan  adanya  sistem  kontrol  dan monitoring ini  maka  suhu  dan  kelembaban  pada ruang server akan selalu tetap terjaga pada  sesuai kondisi yang telah ditentukan.
Analisis Pembebanan Transformator Terhadap Susut Daya (Losses) pada Jaringan Distribusi Penyulang Pujon PT PLN ULP Batu
Authors: Sururi Sobri Miftahus , Paskal W. Sergio Xavier , Sujito Sujito , Saputra Rizal Dwi , Naufal Muhammad Satrio , Elifisia Mita
Published: August 2024

Susut energi listrik (losses) dapat mengakibatkan hilangnya energi selama penyaluran energi pada distribusi. Nilai yang melewati batas toleransi berdampak pada keandalan kualitas daya pada pelanggan PLN. Beban yang bersifat fluktuatif dapat mengakibatkan rugi-rugi pada transformator. Penelitian ini menganalisis pembebanan transformator untuk mengkaji kondisi kerja pembebanan transformator dengan kaitannya terhadap susut daya (losses) yang terjadi selama kondisi kerja tersebut berlangsung. Analisis pembebanan transformator didukung oleh data dan simulasi dengan bantuan software ETAP dengan menampilkan kapasitas daya, beban, persentase pembebanan, kondisi, dan rugi-rugi daya yang terjadi pada transformator. Kondisi yang tidak normal pada pembebanan transformator perlu ditindaklanjuti dengan upaya perbaikan.
Inovasi Desain dan Simulasi Function Generator Dengan Integrasi Microcontroller
Authors: Mulyadi Adi , Amin Muhammad Zainal Roisul , Abdi Muchlis
Published: August 2024

This paper discusses the innovation design and simulation of the function generator. The design uses the Atmega16 microcontroller and Integrated Circuit (IC) DAC0808, ATmega16, and LF351. The design and simulation were implemented at the Electrical Laboratory of the PGRI Banyuwangi University as a practical reference. The function generator test uses a frequency range of 30 Hz to 200 KHz with three waveforms of sine, pulse and ramp. The simulation results show that a sine wave is obtained at a frequency of 1 KHz and a period of 1120 us. Pulse waves are obtained at a frequency of 1 KHz and a period of 1150 us, while a ramp wave with a frequency of 1 KHz and a period of 1150 us. This proves that the function generator can generate signal waves at a frequency of 1 KHz with varying periods.
Todolí Signes, Adrián. Algoritmos productivos y extractivos. Cómo regular la digitalización para mejorar el empleo e incentivar la innovación
Authors: Goerlich Peset José María
Published: August 2024

Este artículo reseña: Todolí Signes, Adrián. Algoritmos productivos y extractivos. Cómo regular la digitalización para mejorar el empleo e incentivar la innovación. Aranzadi, Cizur Menor, 2023. 220 páginas. Prologo de Lucía Velasco.
Inequalities involving Higher Degree Polynomial Functions in $\pi(x)$
Authors: De Subham
Published: August 2024

The primary purpose of this article is to study the asymptotic and numerical estimates in detail for higher degree polynomials in $\pi(x)$ having a general expression of the form, \begin{align*} P(\pi(x)) - \frac{e x}{\log x} Q(\pi(x/e)) + R(x) \end{align*} $P$, $Q$ and $R$ are arbitrarily chosen polynomials and $\pi(x)$ denotes the \textit{Prime Counting Function}. The proofs require specific order estimates involving $\pi(x)$ and the \textit{Second Chebyshev Function} $\psi(x)$, as well as the famous \textit{Prime Number Theorem} in addition to certain meromorphic properties of the \textit{Riemann Zeta Function} $\zeta(s)$ and results regarding its non-trivial zeros. A few generalizations of these concepts have also been discussed in detail towards the later stages of the paper, along with citing some important applications.
Resilience and Breakage in Proteomic Topological Structures: A Dynamic Analysis of Network Evolution Under Genomic Mutations
Authors: Montgomery Richard Murdoch
Published: August 2024

The intricate relationship between genomic mutations and proteomic network topology represents a frontier in understanding cellular resilience and disease mechanisms. This study presents a novel approach to analyzing how proteomic topological structures evolve and potentially break down in response to accumulating genomic mutations, offering insights into the complex interplay between genetic alterations and protein interaction networks. We developed a computational model simulating a network of ten key proteins (A-J) over 20 discrete time points, each representing a state of increasing genomic mutation load. Our model incorporates dynamic protein interaction strengths that fluctuate in response to simulated genomic alterations and a topological representation of the protein network, allowing for visualization of structural changes. Not forgetting a quantitative measure of network integrity, correlating with the system's ability to maintain function under mutational stress. Our Key findings include: visualization of proteomic network evolution through a series of topological graphs, revealing how genomic mutations progressively alter protein interaction patterns and identification of a critical "breakage point" in the network topology, signifying a threshold where genomic mutations overwhelm the protein network's ability to maintain its functional structure. And also quantification of network properties, including interaction strengths and overall network density, demonstrating the non-linear relationship between genomic mutations and proteomic topological integrity.The observed breakage point may represent a critical threshold in disease progression, where the accumulation of genomic mutations leads to a collapse in the proteomic interaction network, potentially triggering pathological states. This methodology offers a new perspective on the genotype-phenotype relationship, viewing it through the lens of protein network topology. Our approach provides a framework for future studies to analyze how specific genomic mutations might impact proteomic structures, potentially leading to new insights in cancer research, neurodegenerative disorders, and other mutation-driven diseases. It also suggests that maintaining proteomic topological integrity could be a key factor in cellular resilience against genomic instability.
Subclinical Maternal Pathologies with Clinical Manifestation in the Offspring
Authors: Dan Adriana Mihaela , Vasilescu Diana Iulia , Vasilescu Sorin , Dima Vlad , Cirstoiu Monica
Published: August 2024

It is documented that maternal diseases or treatments influence a newborn’s clinical status at birth; autoimmune diseases with circulating antibodies are often clinically expressed transiently in newborns due to the crossover of the specific IgG through the placenta during pregnancy. The offspring can inherit maternal genetic anomalies, but clinical expression usually becomes patent later in life. If prenatal medical history is not available or if signs or symptoms of a mother’s disease are revealed for the first time during pregnancy or postpartum, their effects on the newborn may be misattributed.
In this article, we present three cases of pregnant women, without any known pathology before or during pregnancy, who gave birth to very sick preterm newborns that required admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The neonates’ complications were considered initially as consequences of prematurity or infection, but later investigations revealed transient autoimmune disease in two of the cases (myasthenia gravis and hyperthyroidism) and a severe form of thrombophilia in the third case. In all cases, mothers were asymptomatic and unaware of their subclinical disease.
Preemies’ diagnosis has contributed to the identification of their mothers’ pathology and adequate treatment was prescribed with favourable short- and long-term outcomes. In one of the cases (myasthenia gravis) both mother and child had associated infectious diseases in the perinatal period that complicated the clinical picture and created problems of diagnosis.
This article intends to emphasize the paramount importance of prenatal care, for both mother and newborn. Repeated medical visits and investigations throughout the pregnancy are a good opportunity to detect subclinical diseases or predispositions. As newborns usually develop non-specific signs, one should have experience and pay attention to differentiate among etiologies. Our paper takes a reversed approach to the usual medical diagnosis pathway: from infant to mother instead of mother towards the infant, proving that inter-speciality collaboration can work bi-directionally.
Implementation of Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning of Islamic Education Institutions
Authors: Dian Dian , Dewi Anggun , Anwar Wafiq Fadhilah , Sayuti Muhamad Deden Jalaludin
Published: August 2024

Abstract
MI Sunan Gunung Djati is a newly opened educational institution that requires a good and structured application of STP (Segmentation, targeting, positioning). In the first year of admission, 2021, it only got 35 students. Then in the second year of new student admissions, namely in 2022, the quota for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students is 52 people, after carrying out a series of STP strategies, this quota set by MI is fulfilled. From here it can be seen that the STP strategy carried out succeeded in attracting potential consumers to use educational services at MI Sunan Gunung Djati. Seeing this phenomenon, researchers are interested in conducting research related to "Implementation of Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning at MI Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung". The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with observation and interview techniques. The results of the study show that the implementation of segmentation, targeting, and positioning in marketing strategies is very influential in promoting educational institutions. After the implementation of STP (Segmentation, targeting, positioning) MI Sunan Gunung Djati received feedback from the community regarding the existence and essence of MI Sunan Gunung Djati.
Keywords: Implementation, Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning
Analisis Kepatuhan Hukum Masyarakat Desa Kunti Kecamatan Bungkal Kabupaten Ponorogo Dalam Membayar Pajak Bumi Dan Bangunan
Authors: Wigati Pipit Kalsum
Published: August 2024

Acceptance from the taxation sector remains the primary source of government spending, both at the central and local levels. However, there are still many issues in tax collection itself. Taxpayer compliance in paying Property Tax (PBB) can facilitate local governments in implementing development in their regions. However, in reality, taxpayer awareness in Indonesia is still generally low. Many villages still have taxpayers who are not tax-compliant. Unlike other villages, in Kunti village, the majority of the population is already tax-compliant, as evidenced by the predicate awarded to Kunti village as a Tax-compliant village for 2 consecutive years. With the level of compliance found in Kunti village, it is hoped to serve as an example for other villages where taxpayer awareness is still low. This research is qualitative in nature, employing field research with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques include interviews and documentation. The analysis method used in this research is empirical. From the results of this research, it is known that the level of land and building tax compliance in Kunti village from 2021 to 2023 is very satisfactory. The compliance of the community in Kunti village cannot be separated from the role of the village government, which directly participates in the collection of land and building taxes. The role of the Kunti village government itself in increasing legal compliance among its community is through regular socialization, improving services in tax collection, and giving rewards to compliant taxpayers. With the active role played by the Kunti village government, compliance among its community in paying land and building taxes has been increased.
The Analisis Komparasi Politik Hukum Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Dengan Kuhp Tentang Pidana Mati
Authors: Asfi Prabangasta , Wirakusuma Zuhana Ade
Published: August 2024

The death penalty is placed as an alternative punishment that is imposed as an option or last resort, not the main punishment as in the old Criminal Code.  Placing the death penalty as an alternative punishment in Law Number 1 of 2023 raises pros and cons in society. As a replacement for the old Criminal Code, Law Number 1 of 2023 was formed to suit the needs of the Indonesian nation. Meanwhile, the Criminal Code itself is a criminal code inherited from the Dutch colonial period which has been in effect since 1946 until now. The aim of this research is to analyze the concept of imposing the death penalty in Article 100 of Law Number 1 of 2023 with Article 10 of the Criminal Code and to understand the legal politics of imposing the death penalty in Article 100 of Law Number 1 of 2023 with Article 10 of the Criminal Code. This research uses qualitative comparative literature research by comparing the two articles to be studied with a normative research approach using secondary data sources, primary legal materials in the form of Law Number 1 of 2023 and the Criminal Code as well as secondary data sources such as books by Andi Hamzah, Soedikno, Joko Sriwidodo and R.Soesilo as well as previous research such as journals, theses and articles. The results of the research are that the concept of imposing the death penalty between Law Number 1 of 2023 and the Criminal Code has differences. Judging from the theory of language interpretation, teleological interpretation, systematic interpretation, historical interpretation and comparative interpretation, both have significant differences, but in criminal theory they both have similar principles in a combined criminal theory which aims to provide a deterrent effect and enforce the law.
Examining the relationship between Herbal Medicine use and Blood Pressure control in individuals on Antihypertensive therapy across two Regional Health Facilities in Trinidad.
Authors: Williams-Persad Arlene F. , Carvalho Graham , Brereton Alexia , Baboolal Shivanand , Chinemilly Kelsea , Premchand Mikhail , Ramdial Renissa , Ramroop Angelina , Richards Patrice , Seepersad Tyneil
Published: August 2024

Background
Self-medication with herbal medicine (HM) to manage hypertension is an expanding trend worldwide. Still there is very little evidence to substantiate the motives for use in the control of blood pressure (BP). This study aims to ascertain the relationship between HM and antihypertensive treatment to manage hypertension across two regional health facilities in Trinidad.
Methods
This cross-sectional investigation surveyed hypertensive patients aged 35–64 from the North-Central and Eastern Regional Health facilities across Trinidad. Consent was obtained from 139 participants through convenience sampling. Data included a self-reporting questionnaire and patient medical records. Analysis using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U tests for data not normally distributed and statistical significance at the 95% confidence interval.
Results
HM-users were either hypertensive stage 1 or 2 with no significant correlation between BMI and hypertensive stage (p-value = -0.053, p-value = 0.537). Garlic, Allium sativum L (57%) most used as a tea, was taken daily ‘to control BP’. Current systolic and diastolic BP was higher among HM-users, compared to non-users with no statistical significance. Controlled-BP, HM-users (15.7%) showed statistical significance (p < 0.05), a negative association (Phi = -0.175) and an OR (95% CI) of 0.426 (0.187–0.969). Non-compliance to prescribed antihypertensives was greater among HM-users, 40% compared to non-users, 29.6%. Antihypertensives included calcium channel blockers (70.1%), ACE inhibitors (46.3%), and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (40.6%). Patient non-compliance to conventional medication was found to be higher among HM-users identified by the negative association among patients with uncontrolled BP. The most commonly used herb, A. sativum, was preferred for BP control, however, this study showed no significant changes in BP compared to non-users.
Conclusion
Patient medication concordance is imperative. Herb-drug interactions may be associated with the higher prevalence of patients at hypertensive stages 1 and 2 that are uncontrolled in this study.
Effects of opioid-free anesthesia combined with iliofascial nerve block on perioperative neurocognitive deficits in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhi Tong , Wei Shirong , Kuang Jiao , Zhou Sitong , Yu Danhong , Gao Tesheng , Lei Long , Xu Chengfei , Cheng Liang , Zhou Qinghe , Ni Huadong
Published: August 2024

Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common postoperative complication in the elderly, which seriously affects the quality of life in the short and even long term after surgery, and therefore there is an urgent need for additional treatment strategies for elderly patients with perioperative neurocognitive disorder. However, it has not been definitively demonstrated that perioperative neurocognitive disorder can be prevented or reduced through changes in anesthesia or intraoperative medications. The purpose of this trial was to investigate the clinical use and efficacy of opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) combined with nerve block for perioperative neurocognitive impairment in older adults undergoing hip surgery.
Methods: This is a multicenter randomized controlled trial that recruited 360 patients they will be randomly assigned to the opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) combined with iliofascial nerve block group and opioid-based anesthesia (OBA) combined with iliofascial nerve block groups. Both groups will undergo hip fracture surgery under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation combined with iliofascial nerve block. The primary outcome index was the incidence of PND within three months after surgery, and the secondary outcome indexes included changes in serum protein levels and inflammatory indexes, extubation time, incidence of postoperative pain, intraoperative vital signs and postoperative recovery.
Discussion: Prevention of perioperative neurocognitive deficits is crucial for postoperative recovery in elderly patients, and this trial aims to reduce the incidence of perioperative neurocognitive deficits in the elderly, improve postoperative quality of life, and provide a more optimal anesthetic regimen to reduce PND.
Trial registration: This trial protocol was registered with the China Clinical Trial Registry on December 14, 2023 under the registration number: ChiCTR2300078647.
Exploratory Research of PCSK9 Inhibitor on Patency of Autogenous Arteriovenous Fistula After Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty with Paclitaxel Releasing Balloon: study protocol for a prospective, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: xie yuanyuan , Zhang Haifen , Zhou Yijun , Fang Yan , Zhu Minxia , Zeng Xiaojun , Gu Leyi , Lu Renhua
Published: August 2024

Background
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred type of vascular access for maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Stenosis is the main cause of AVF dysfunction. The K/DOQI guidelines suggest that the use of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) as the primary treatment for AVF stenosis is reasonable. However, the durability of PTA is limited. This trial aims to determine: the effect of using paclitaxel release balloons combined with PCSK9 inhibitors on improving postoperative patency of AVF and the safety of combined use.
Methods
This is a prospective, randomized, controlled study. It is exploratory research. The study will recruit 40 MHD patients aged from 18 to 75 years, with an intervention period of 48 weeks. Patients will be randomized into two arms: (1) The treatment group received postoperative use of 140 mg of Ribavirin, subcutaneously administered every two weeks for a total of 48 weeks. (2) Control group no Intervention. The primary outcome is the main patency rate.
Discussion
This is an exploratory study which would be conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PCSK9 inhibitors in the patency of AVF after paclitaxel release balloon surgery. Expected to improve restenosis rate and extend the service life of AVF.
Trial registration
The trial is approved by Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Renji Hospital Ethics Committee (LY2023-113-A). Written informed consent in the local language is obtained from each participant before conducting any study-related procedure. Results will be shared with the local community and internationally with academic and policy stakeholders.
Clinical trials ID
NCT06034691
09/10/2023
Dynamic rupture inversion on the M5.9 pre-event before the 2024 Mw7.6 Noto-Peninsula, Japan, earthquake
Authors: Aochi Hideo
Published: August 2024

Active seismicity which began since late 2020 under the Noto Peninsula, Japan, led to the Mw7.6 earthquake on the 1st January 2024. This paper analyzes the MJMA 5.9 pre-event that occurred 13 seconds before the Mw7.6 mainshock. Near-field ground motion records clearly distinguish this pre-event from the ground shaking of the mainshock. We then use six near-field ground motions over a 10-second period to obtain first the focal mechanism and then dynamic rupture models by fixing the hypocenter location. We obtain a steep dip angle of 67°, whereas the dip of the M7.6 mainshock is 33° after Japan Metrological Agency catalog. We propose a simplified inversion process that dynamic rupture models are built by varying the location of the target circular patch, the stress level and the fault dipping directions. The preferred model has an up-dip rupture directivity (rake direction) on the south-east dipping fault, i.e. propagating away from the hypocenter of the M7.6 mainshock, and the two events are not aligned on the same planar fault. Uplift of about 20 cm and more is expected on the north coast of the Noto Peninsula in the case of the stress drop of 6 MPa or less. We also analyze another M5.5 pre-event 4 minutes earlier, with a slightly deeper focal depth and a gentle dip angle of 36°. This earthquake has also a rupture directivity in the up-dip direction. This infers that there should have been a preparation process of the Mw7.6 mainshock behind these pre-events and multiple fault segmentations around the hypocenter zone might have played a role.
Automatic Identification of Coronary Stent in Coronary Calcium Scoring CT using Deep Learning
Authors: Ahn Yura , Jeong Gyu-Jun , Lee Dabee , Kim Cherry , Lee June-Goo , Yang Dong Hyun
Published: August 2024

Automatic pre-screening of pre-existing stents, whose prognostic value remains uncertain, could potentially reduce workload and enhance efficiency. However, such a solution has not yet been developed and validated. We aimed to develop and evaluate a deep learning-based coronary stent filtering algorithm (Stent_filter) in CAC scoring CT scans using a multicenter CAC dataset. We developed Stent_filter comprising two main processes: stent identification and false-positive reduction. Development utilized 108 non-enhanced echocardiography-gated CAC scans (including 74 with manually labeled stents), and for false positive reduction, 2063 CAC scans with significant coronary calcium (average Agatston score: 523.8) but no stents were utilized. Stent_filter’s performance was evaluated on two independent internal test sets (n = 355 and 396; one without coronary stents) and two external test sets from different institutions (n = 105 and 62), each with manually labeled stents. We calculated the per-patient sensitivity, specificity, and false-positive rate of Stent_filter. Stent_filter demonstrated a high overall per-patient sensitivity of 98.8% (511/517 cases with stents) and a false-positive rate of 0.022 (20/918). Notably, the false-positive ratio was significantly lower in the dataset containing stents (Internal-1; 0.008 [3/355]) compared with the dataset without stents (Internal-2; 0.043 [17/396], p = 0.008). All false-positive identifications were attributed to dense coronary calcifications, with no false positives identified in extracoronary locations. The automated Stent_filter accurately distinguished coronary stents from preexisting coronary calcifications. This approach holds potential as a filter within a fully automated CAC scoring workflow, streamlining the process efficiently.
Floral traits and density are drivers of heterospecific pollen deposition in a biodiverse tropical highland community
Authors: Streher Nathália Susin , Bergamo Pedro , Ashman Tia-Lynn , Wolowski Marina , Sazima Marlies
Published: August 2024

Pollinator sharing among plants within a community can have a variety of consequences. Pollinator movement among different plant species, in particular, can result in heterospecific pollen (HP) transfer to stigmas, a process that is hypothesized to be phenotype (at the species and community levels) and flower density mediated. In a tropical highland community, we investigated which species-specific (floral tube length, flower size, stigma height, stigma exposure, pollination system, floral abundance) and community-related reproductive traits (distinctiveness of stigma to anther height, of floral color, and flowering synchrony) mediate species HP receipt (mean intensity and proportion). We also tested whether HP received by individuals is affected by floral density and if so, at what scale. Species with stigmas more exposed and with functionally specialized pollination received more HP, and species flowering more synchronously to the community received greater proportions of HP. At the individual level, HP proportion depended on the interaction between conspecific and heterospecific flower densities, with outcomes varying by scale. At the local scale (within 2m²), low to medium conspecific flower abundance increased the proportion of HP receipt with the increase of heterospecific floral density, while high conspecific and heterospecific floral densities reduced HP. Conversely, at the landscape scale (across 202m²), high conspecific and heterospecific floral densities enhanced the proportion of HP, while low to medium densities had no effect. Our results demonstrate that HP is widespread in the community, driven by species-specific and community-related traits, as well as by flower density, which is scale-dependent.
Carbapenem resistance among uropathogens isolated from Refugees at Nakivale settlement Isingiro district-a cross sectional study
Authors: Kabera Michael , Cherop Calvin , Galimaka Wilson , Okongo Benson , Kassaza Kennedy , Bagenda Charles , Ampaire Lucas
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Carbapenem resistant Uropathogens are an ongoing public-health problem globally. This is mediated by transferable Carbapenemase-encoding genes spreading rapidly causing serious outbreaks and dramatically limiting treatment options. Knowledge about the prevalence and factors associated with carbapenem resistant Uropathogens and common carbapenem resistance genes among refugees in Nakivale is limited.
Methods.
We recruited 308 consenting participants in Nakivale refugee settlement in south western Uganda. Quantitative conventional culture on Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficiency (CLED) agar and conventional biochemical tests were used for isolation. The Modified Hodges test was used for phenotypic screening of Carbapenem resistant producing isolates and interpretation made using the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines, 2022. DNA was extracted by boiling method and Carbapenemase genes assayed by Gel Electrophoresis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression using STATA version14.0 was done to identify the factors associated with Carbapenem resistance producers. Ethical clearance was obtained from MUST-Institutional Review board.
Results.
The overall significant single bacterial growth was 28.8% (89/308). The Phenotypic and genotypic prevalence of Carbapenem resistance was 61.8% (55/89) and 22.5% (20/89) respectively. The commonest isolate was Escherichia coli, 35.5% (32/89) while the most frequent carbapenemase resistant gene was KPC,15% (13/89). Factors associated with Carbapenem resistance were; history of self-medication (OR = 5.09, 95% CI: 1.04–24.77, p < 0.044), antibiotic use before laboratory diagnosis (OR = 6.07, 95% CI: 1.77–20.81, p = 0.004), Having spent more than 5 months on antibiotics (OR = 8.52, 95% CI: 1.47–49.36, p = 0.017).
Conclusion
. The prevalence of Carbapenem resistance among Uropathogens isolated from refugees at Nakivale settlement was high. Accurate antimicrobial stewardship program implementation in refugee settlements are urgently needed. Screening and identification of Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacterial careers among refugees at entry point could be helpful in mitigating spread in refugee settlement.
Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Involvement in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients
Authors: sefer asena , Erguven Muferet
Published: August 2024

Objective: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a common, chronic and inflammatory rheumatological disease of childhood. The disease can affect all synovial joints in the body. Temporomandibular joints (TMJs) are important areas of involvement in JIA, which are frequently involved but often not noticed because the involvement is usually asymptomatic. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and risk factors of TMJ joint involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients admitted to our clinic, and to guide for early diagnosis and treatment.
Methods: Patients who applied to this study with the diagnosis of JIA between January 2014 and May 2017 at Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, were followed up regularly in our clinic, had a accessible medical history, and a rheumatology polyclinic record. Patients with contrast-enhanced TMJ Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) taken and reported by the radiologist were included.
Results: TMJ involvement was detected in 51.2% of the 41 patients included in the study. It was found that 71.5% of the patients with TMJ involvement were asymptomatic and 71.5% of the patients had chronic involvement. When the patients with and without TMJ involvement were compared according to the contrast-enhanced TMJ MRI results; In the patient group with involvement, the polyarticular onset subtype was seen at a higher rate (p=0.005), the age of onset was earlier (p=0.003), the disease duration was longer (p=0.037), more joints were involved (p=0.005), the ESR values ​​were higher (p=0.0001), and the treatment compliance and treatment responses of the patients in this group were worse (p=0.001, p=0.0001).
Conclusion: TMJ involvement is common in JIA patients. TMJs can be involved at any stage of the disease, the involvement is usually asymptomatic and progresses insidiously, causing chronic, degenerative changes in the mandibule in early period. Because TMJ involvement is asymptomatic, shows insidious progression, can lead to chronic irreversible sequelae, and precise risk factors cannot be determined, all JIA patients should be screened with contrast enhanced TMJ MRI at regular intervals, which is the gold standard method.
Parallel mediation analysis on social support and appropriate medication self-efficacy in cancer-related fatigue and oral chemotherapy adherence
Authors: Bao Kaixuan , Bao Kaiyu , Deng Zhongyan , Du Peng
Published: August 2024

Purpose The study explores the parallel mediating effect of social support and suitable medication self-efficacy between cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and oral chemotherapy adherence in glioma patients to improve efficacy.
Patients and methods 464 glioma patients were recruited through convenient sampling from a Three-A hospital in Urumqi, Xinjiang, and Three-A hospitals in Chengdu, Sichuan, between December 2023 and June 2024. The general information questionnaire and Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) were chosen to investigate the general information and degree of fatigue in such patients. The Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale (SEAMS), and 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) helped evaluate the social support degree, appropriate medication self-efficacy, and medication adherence.
Results The scores of SSRS, SEAMS, BFI, and MMAS-8 were 38.3±7.29, 27.83±6.66, 4.57±1.48, and 4.53±1.92, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that oral chemotherapy adherence is negatively associated with CRF (P<0.01) but positively correlates with appropriate medication self-efficacy and social support. Three statistical methods, causal stepwise analysis, Bootstrap, and Mplus, confirmed that SSRS and SEAMS exert complete mediating effects. This accounted for 59.09% and 50.84% of the total effects, respectively. The indirect SEAMS effect pathway is affected by the masking effect.
Conclusion:CRF can directly suppress the oral chemotherapy adherence of glioma patients, influenced by social support and suitable medication self-efficacy.