bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ponderações didáticas e pedagógicas sobre o uso das situações-problema no contexto da abordagem CTS
Authors: Santana Elisangela Barreto , Valente José Alexandre Da Silva , Freitas Nadia Magalhães da Silva
Published: January 2021

Nessa pesquisa buscamos caracterizar os processos de produção de conhecimentos que culminaram com a proposição de critérios para avaliar as situações-problema mediadoras da abordagem de ensino CTS. Temos por objetivo apontar que aspectos emergem com o uso de situações-problema no ensino de ciências, notadamente no campo didático e pedagógico. Tal processo investigativo se deu no contexto de um Coletivo de Estudos com professores de Ciências, configurando-se como uma pesquisa-ação, de cunho qualitativo. À luz da didática das ciências avaliamos quatro projetos desenvolvidos com estudantes dos anos finais do ensino fundamental, a partir manifestações dos professores, usando os critérios da Análise Textual Discursiva. Emergiram três categorias de análise que nos dão base empírica para afirmar que as situações-problema se configuram enquanto estratégia didática e pedagógica, nos seguintes termos: as situações-problema atendem as necessidades de conteúdo, as necessidades dos estudantes e as necessidades didáticas e pedagógicas. Consideramos viáveis como recurso problematizador que introduz discussões no campo da abordagem de ensino CTS, nos anos finais do ensino fundamental
Das referências às possibilidades do educar pela pesquisa: a problematização de teorias e práticas no processo de formação de professores
Authors: Kierepka Janice Silvana Novakowski , Da Costa Güllich Roque Ismael , Zanon Lenir Basso
Published: January 2021

No texto apresentamos reflexões teóricas que apontam a relevância da problematização de teorias e práticas como princípio necessário à formação docente. A partir de uma interlocução teórica entre a Pedagogia Freireana, a Investigação-Ação e o Educar pela Pesquisa, nosso objetivo é compreender de que forma o Educar pela Pesquisa dialoga com estes referenciais. Em Freire e no Educar pela Pesquisa são compartilhadas ideias como: a importância da formação continuada; da problematização e reflexão da prática; da aproximação entre teoria e prática. A Investigação-Ação e o Educar pela Pesquisa valorizam a formação continuada, com participação ativa, problematizadora e reflexiva. Portanto, o Educar pela Pesquisa mantém proximidade em suas ideias com a Pedagogia Freireana e a Investigação-Ação.
REVISÃO CRÍTICA SOBRE A ESTRUTURA AGRÁRIA NA REGIÃO OESTE DE SANTA CATARINA: 1960- 1980
Authors: Pinto Marcos Rogério , Silva Claiton Márcio Da
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo procura analisar as concepções do processo fundiário no oeste do estado de Santa Catarina. Diante do projeto de modernização institucionalizado, houve uma caracterização dos espaços e propriedades rurais, buscando não só apenas solucionar a tensão social local, bem como efetivar uma pré-condição ao seu desenvolvimento, estabelecendo uma organização social do Estado nas linhas de fronteira. O Processo de expansão e modernização concentrado na questão fundiária, acarretou em um impacto ambiental, e aprofundamento da deterioração da agricultura nos modelos familiares, intensificando as concepções e práticas de cultivos novos propostos por um modelo caracterizado em uma representação socioeconômica distinta no capital transnacional. Procuro fazer uma revisão crítica literária dos elementos históricos constitutivos desse processo para fundamental compreensão de conflitos sociais e ambientais que se estenderam na formação da fronteira da região sul do oeste de Santa Catarina.
Relação campo-cidade no Distrito de Amparo/Nova Friburgo – RJ: turismo rural e valorização da paisagem local
Authors: Soares Rodrigo Passos , Araújo José Silvan Borborema
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho pretende analisar como se estabelece a relação campo-cidade no distrito de Amparo, município de Nova Friburgo – RJ, sob a luz do turismo rural e da valorização da paisagem local. Sendo assim, nossa pesquisa se sustenta numa leitura histórica/geográfica, através de revisão bibliográfica em livros, artigos e reportagens que fornecem o referencial teórico do estudo e reforçam as propostas estabelecidas. Aliado a isto, a realização de visita in loco, com o intuito de perceber como se estabelece a relação campo-cidade no distrito de Amparo, através do turismo rural, atraindo população com hábitos mais urbanos, além da valorização da paisagem local. Para melhor compreensão dessa realidade, utilizamos o registro fotográfico e cartográfico. Dessa forma, destacamos a importância de novas contribuições sobre essa temática no campo da geografia, a fim de construir um arcabouço teórico e empírico para o entendimento de outras realidades que se apresentam em diferentes frações do espaço e que nos ajudam a entender a dinâmica espacial como um todo.Palavras-chave: Relação campo-cidade. Turismo rural. Valorização da paisagem. Amparo – Nova Friburgo.
La Gioconda: o café do Teatro Amazonas
Authors: Santana Aline De Souza , Martins Cláudia Araújo De Menezes Gonçalves , Silva Jeniffer Ribeiro
Published: January 2021

Um dos grandes ícones da cidade de Manaus e do estado do Amazonas, é sem dúvida, o Teatro Amazonas, um dos principais patrimônios culturais arquitetônicos do estado, tombado pelo Instituto de Patrimônio Histórico Nacional – Iphan desde 1966 (BRASILIA - DF, 2014). O objeto de estudo deste trabalho é o estabelecimento de restauração localizado dentro do magnifico Teatro Amazonas, o Café La Gioconda e sua relação gastronômica com o público que o frequenta (turistas e residentes), uma vez que a cultura, através de sua gastronomia, é um dos elementos que pode contribuir para a valorização das potencialidades turísticas de uma localidade, pois se torna um dos vetores de desenvolvimento local, uma vez que o turismo é praticado em sua natureza através de experiências culturais, onde o turista conhece lugares fora de sua residência, mantém contato com moradores nativos, desfruta da sua culinária e experiências locais, participando da representatividade cultural dos espaços visitados. Este estudo de abordagem qualitativa teve como objetivo central analisar o café La Gioconda como um local de oferta da gastronomia local e sua relação com os frequentadores do Teatro Amazonas. “Na abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa tem o ambiente como fonte direta dos dados. O pesquisador mantém contato direto com o ambiente e o objeto de estudo em questão” (PRODANOV; FREITAS,2013). Como resultados, verificou-se que não há muita repercussão em relação as visitas por parte dos frequentadores do local; não há uma relação com a gastronomia local, deixando uma lacuna que poderia ser preenchida com a oferta de alimentos da culinária amazonense, bem como observando-se as normas estabelecidas na Resolução -RDC nº 216/2004, que norteia sobre as Boas Práticas para Serviços de Alimentação.Palavras-chave: Teatro Amazonas, Café La Gioconda, Turismo.
Angiomixoma agresivo de vagina: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Hidalgo-Zambrano Diana Meliza , Reyes-Vega Daniel Felipe , Cano-Arias Luis Guillermo
Published: January 2021

Objetivos: presentar el caso de una paciente con diagnóstico de angiomixoma agresivo de vagina, y hacer una revisión de la literatura del diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico. Materiales y métodos: mujer de 46 años de edad, quien consulta por disuria y sensación de masa en vagina. Tras la exploración física y los estudios imagenológicos se observa tumoración en vagina con extensión hacia cavidad pélvica, la cual es extraída por cirugía vaginal. La patología quirúrgica mostró angiomixoma agresivo de vagina. La lesión presentó recurrencia al tercer mes posoperatorio requiriendo una nueva cirugía por vía retrorrectal. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Medline vía PubMed, LILACS, SciELO y Google Scholar, con los términos: “Angiomixoma”, “Agresivo” y “Vagina”, incluyendo artículos de revisión, reportes y series de caso en inglés y español publicados desde 1995. Se extrajo información sobre el diagnóstico referente a síntomas, signos, pruebas de inmunohistoquímica e imágenes utilizadas, el tipo de tratamiento –quirúrgico o de otro tipo– y el pronóstico. Se hace descripción narrativa de los hallazgos Resultados: se identificaron 23 títulos, de los cuales 14 reportes de caso, 2 series de casos clínicos y un artículo de revisión cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. El 65 % de las pacientes tenía entre 30 y 50 años. El diagnóstico se hizo con estudios de inmunohistoquímica en 8 de los casos y se utilizaron imágenes diagnósticas en 12 casos; la tomografía mostró mejor delimitación de las lesiones. El tratamiento quirúrgico se aplicó en todos los reportes y se complementó con terapia hormonal en 4 casos. Se hizo seguimiento a 14 de los 17 casos reportados. Conclusión: el angiomixoma agresivo de vagina es una entidad poco frecuente. Es necesario evaluar la utilidad de las diferentes pruebas de inmunohistoquímica en los casos identificados como angiomixoma agresivo por histopatología. Se requiere evaluación del tratamiento hormonal como coadyuvante de la cirugía. El pronóstico es bueno.
Camp Employment as a Developmental Setting for Emerging Adults: A National Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Povilaitis Victoria , Sibthorp Jim , Richmond Dan
Published: January 2021

Emerging adults engage in a range of education, employment, and other experiences that provide opportunities to build skills necessary for future success. The camp industry employs 1.5 million individuals each summer, and its potential as a setting for development is important to understand. The purpose of this study was to identify the outcomes of camp employment and compare these outcomes across settings. Participants were 254 individuals engaged in a longitudinal study, all of whom were camp staff during summer 2018. This study employed an explanatory sequential design. Quantitative survey data were analyzed using RMANOVAs and paired t-tests. Qualitative data were analyzed using a multi-step coding process including open (survey responses) and utilitarian coding (interviews). Findings indicated emerging adults learned relationship skills, leadership, and appreciation for being present and that camp employment is a rich setting for emerging adults to learn skills they may not learn elsewhere.
Aplicación móvil de control nutricional para prevención de la anemia ferropénica en la mujer gestante
Authors: Llerena-Izquierdo Joe , Merino-Lazo María
Published: January 2021

Se presenta el desarrollo de una aplicación móvil para el control nutricional de la mujer gestante con riesgo de anemia ferropénica. Diseñado para registrar, consultar y sugerir las cantidades de hierro requeridas. La metodología de investigación es de corte cuantitativo, con enfoque empírico-analítico de nivel descriptivo. Se utiliza la técnica de la encuesta a una población de 200 mujeres en la ciudad de Lima, Perú. El alto índice de anemia en menores de cinco años, bajo peso del bebé al nacer, así como síntomas comunes que padece la mujer en gestación son factores determinantes que pueden mitigarse mediante el control mediado con el uso de la tecnología. Los resultados evidencian que el problema principal está en los registros de control de la alimentación de la mujer gestante muchas veces elaborados de forma tradicional. El 80% de las participantes indica que el aplicativo tiene un alto potencial en el área médica preventiva como apoyo al proceso de embarazo que evite el padecimiento de la anemia ferropénica considerada un problema de salud en Perú.
Strategi Kepala madrasah dan Guru dalam Membina Akhlak Siswa di MTs
Authors: Jawahir Mohammad , Sukardi Ismail , Amilda Amilda
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi kepala madrasah dalam pembinaan akhlak siswa dan strategi guru dalam pembinaannya di MTs yang meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru pembina kelas khusus, dan siswa yang terkait dengan program kelas dakwah ini. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Uji Keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi sumber. Berdasarkan penelitian manajemen pembelajaran hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kepala madrasah dalam strateginya menggunakan kelas khusus, memberikan nasihat-nasihat, memberikan pembiasaan-pembiasaan, keteladanan serta mengadakan rapat wali siswa. Dengan demikian pemantauan perkembangan siswa dapat diketahui dan ditindak lanjuti dari repat wali siswa tersebut. Adapun untuk guru menggunakan cara pembiasaan, keteladanan, nasihat, cerita kisah-kisah teladan, ganjaran (kalau mereka bagus kita balas juga dengan kebagusan, jika salah kita hukum). Kelas dakwah adalah sebagai sarana bagi para siswa khusus yang mengalami masalah yang sangat perlu perhatian, kesepakatan orangtua dengan para dewan guru, terutama kepala madrasah serta kerjasama mereka sangat diharapkan demi terwujudnya visi dan misi Madrasah Tsanawiyah.
Kompetensi Manajerial Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Non Akademik Siswa SMP
Authors: Yulista Karlina , Samiha Yulia Tri , Zainuri Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana prestasi non akademik siswa pada bidang keagamaan baca tulis al-qur’an dan da’i/da’iyah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif. Insrumen penelitian menggunakan dokumentasi, wawancara, observasi serta triangulasi. Kemudian analisis data menggunakan reduksi, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa 1)  perencanaan yaitu kepala sekolah melakukan: perumusan visi dan misi, menyusun rencana strategi, menyusun rencana kegiatan tahunan dan menyusun anggaran kegiatan; 2) Pengelolaan Kesiswaan yaitu: Pengelolaan kegiatan Keagamaan, Pengelompokan dan orientasi, Pembinaan dan Sistem reward/penghargaan terhadap siswa yang berprestasi; 3) Pengawasan dan evaluasi mencakup: pengawasan preventif dan pengawasan kolektif, dan evaluasi mencakup; absensi dan buku kontrol siswa.; 4) Kendala yang dihadapi kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan prestasi non akademik siswa yaitu; minim pendanaan, kurangnya  tenaga Koordinator Pembina Rohis dan tidak disiplinnya siswa mengikuti kegiatan Keagamaan Baca Tulis Al-Qur’an dan da’i/da’iyah.
The The Relationship between Writing Anxiety and Writing Achievement: A Case of One Islamic University in Palembang
Authors: Rehelmi Nur Aprilliani
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the relationship between writing anxiety and writing achievement, and investigated the influence of writing anxiety on writing achievement of the students of the English department of one Islamic university in Palembang. The research was a quantitative research. The sample of this study was all of the sixth semester students. The total number of the students was 114 students. Since twelve students were absent, the sample of this study was 102 students. The data were collected by using the second language writing anxiety inventory (SLWAI) and writing test. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment correlation and regression analysis were used to find out the correlation and the influence between variables. The result of the analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between students’ writing anxiety and essay writing achievement with r-obtained (.276) which was higher than the r-table (.194). Besides, there was also a significant influence of writing anxiety on essay writing achievement with 7,6 %. This study could have implications for English language teachers or lecturers, learners, and text book writers.
Suprasegmental Errors of Students with Javanese Mother Tongue: A Case at a Private Islamic University in Purworejo
Authors: Sukarni Semi , Setiyono Junaedi , Nurhadi Rofiq
Published: January 2021

This study was aimed to examine errors found in suprasegmentals, more specifically in word stress and intonation; and to explain the causes of errors made by the learners. The research samples were twenty of the first semester students who spoke Javanese as their mother tongue and who took Pronunciation subject. The instruments of the study were pronunciation test and focus group interview. The pronunciation test was used to get the data of suprasegmental errors, specifically in word stress and intonation. Meanwhile, the interview was used to get the data of the causes of errors. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics analysis and thematic analysis. The findings showed that there were 35.8 % errors in word stress and 40 % errors in intonation. Then, the source of errors occurred because of mother-tongue influence, target language or intralingua, learning strategy and learners' attitude. Other factors contributed to the errors were lack of practice and lack of exposure to the native speakers both in the classroom and outside the classroom
Aspectos discursivos da canção tropicalista “Eles”: um posicionamento na interlingua(gem)
Authors: Figueira Bruno de Sousa
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, objetivamos analisar, sob a perspectiva teórica da Análise do Discurso, sobretudo a partir das noções teóricas propostas por Dominique Maingueneau em Discurso Literário (2006), aspectos da prática discursiva do movimento que ficou conhecido no campo literomusical brasileiro como Tropicália. Mais especificamente, analisaremos a canção “Eles”, presente no álbum lançado em 1968 por Caetano Veloso. O objetivo fundamental deste trabalho é, a partir da exploração de uma semiose não verbal, isto é, dos aspectos musicais da canção, estender a noção de interlíngua, postulada por Maingueneau, para outras semioses – neste caso, utilizaremos o termo interlingua(gem).
Interações entre o uso dos pronomes demonstrativos e os gêneros feminino e masculino nas cartas de Júlio e Marina Mesquita
Authors: Pereira Hélcius Batista
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho analisa a relação de interação entre a variação dos pronomes “este” e “esse” e as noções de “masculino” e “feminino” em cartas trocadas nas décadas de 1930 e 1940 entre Júlio Mesquita Filho e Marina Vieira de Carvalho Mesquita, membros da importante família Mesquita de São Paulo, proprietária de O Estado de S. Paulo. Nossa pesquisa é baseada na “terceira onda de sociolinguística” proposta por Eckert (2005) e Eckert e McConnell-Ginet (2010), que estudam a relação entre linguagem e categorias sociais, considerando estas últimas como construções não abstratas, pertinentes a uma “comunidade de prática” específica. Nossa análise evidenciou a adesão de Júlio e Marina ao processo de mudança do sistema demonstrativo do português brasileiro, caracterizado pela intensificação do uso do “esse”, principalmente na endófora. As diferenças de uso entre os dois missivistas revelam maneiras pelas quais eles se engajaram pela linguagem como homem e mulher de seu tempo.
Categorização nominal em línguas Arawák: revisando a questão de gênero gramatical
Authors: Miranda Camille Cardoso
Published: January 2021

Corbett (1991, 2001) e Aikhenvald (2000a) assumem que gênero e classe nominal são um tipo de categorização nominal. Diferentemente desses autores, Grinevald (2000) estabelece uma distinção de gênero e classe nominal, alegando que gênero é um termo geralmente reservado para sistemas relativamente pequenos, baseados no sexo, do tipo indo-europeu, enquanto classes nominais são geralmente usadas para além da questão do sexo, como animado/inanimado, humano/não humano, macho/fêmea etc. Assim sendo, para esta pesquisa utilizaremos a abordagem teórica de Corbett (1991), classificando gênero e classe de nomes em uma mesma categoria: gênero. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um estudo comparativo-tipológico para verificar a questão de gênero em dez línguas da família Arawák. Como resultado, verificamos que essas línguas atribuem gênero por questões semânticas com mais predominância do que formal e que em algumas línguas, como Paresi, Mehináku, Terena e Wauja, por exemplo, a distinção de gênero se perdeu.
A linguagem em sujeitos com a síndrome do X-Frágil: discursos e contradiscursos
Authors: Silva Michelli Alessandra
Published: January 2021

A linguagem ainda é alvo de avaliações descontextualizadas, amparadas em testes-padrão, que pouco consideram da subjetividade e do trabalho criativo que sujeitos, com e sem patologias, exercem sobre ela. O discurso científico, veiculado em diferentes publicações (artigos, textos em sites de associações e entidades relacionadas à patologia), sobre a Síndrome do X-Frágil não se esquiva desse olhar equivocado e reducionista sobre a linguagem. Para me contrapor a esse discurso, apresento dados do processo de aquisição e uso da fala, leitura e escrita de um sujeito portador da síndrome, destacando seu trabalho linguístico-cognitivo e as marcas de subjetividade na linguagem. A discussão dos dados procura identificar em suas dificuldades linguísticas aquilo que pode ser patológico, o que faz parte do processo normal de aquisição e uso da fala/leitura/escrita e o que pode estar relacionado a outros fatores, que podem ser de ordem social ou relativos à história de vida do sujeito.
A relação entre homem e ambiente expressa no léxico: um estudo das metáforas que nomeiam a “menstruação”
Authors: Benke Vanessa Cristina Martins
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho realiza um estudo léxico-semântico das designações metafóricas que nomeiam a “menstruação” na fala dos habitantes das capitais do Brasil, com o objetivo de analisar a relação entre léxico e ambiente, como também discutir os possíveis traços semânticos atribuídos pelos falantes no processo de nomeação do período fisiológico em questão. Foram analisadas nove metáforas designativas para o conceito “as mulheres perdem sangue todos os meses. Como se chama isso?”, questão 121 do Questionário Semântico Lexical (QSL), área semântica ciclos da vida do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil – Projeto ALiB. O estudo confirmou a estreita relação entre léxico e ambiente físico, bem como apontou aspectos de natureza sociocultural, histórico e geográfico revelados no léxico examinado.
Eu (não) sou leitor: contradições de leitores jovens sobre a leitura e de si enquanto leitores
Authors: Borges Rafael
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo empreender uma análise de declarações sobre a leitura geradas a partir do desenvolvimento de questionários com 101 estudantes e entrevistas com mais 20, todos da Escola Agrícola de Jundiaí, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. A partir disso, buscamos entender as contradições que apresentam no que declaram acerca da leitura de modo geral e de si como leitores. Ao longo de nossas análises, pudemos constatar que uma boa parte deles se reconhece como bons leitores em contraposição a outros que se afastam desse lugar-sujeito, ainda que realizem cursos integrais, que lhes exigem uma intensa e extensa carga de leituras cotidianas. Essas declarações resultam em algumas contradições que acabam por constituir um campo discursivo bastante complexo, analisado com base na Análise do Discurso de linha francesa e em princípios da História Cultural do livro e da leitura. Para nós docentes, observar e analisar tais processos e dizeres se caracteriza como fundamental, pois permitem pensarmos e redimensionarmos a formação leitora crítica dos jovens na contemporaneidade.
Apresentação
Authors: Zavaglia Claudia
Published: January 2021

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Title: The prognostic significance of survivin expression in patientswith HNSCC: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Liu-qing , Hu Yao , Xiao Hong-jun
Published: January 2021

Background: Survivin has been recently identified as a promising novel therapeutic target and prognostic marker in different types of cancer. Here we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to better clarify they the precise prognostic and diagnostic value of survivin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: Database of PubMed (Medline), Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched for related published literature up to September 2020. Pooled hazards ratios (HRs) and related 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the association of survivin expression and survival outcomes in HNSCC patients. Results: Twenty eight studies with 4891 patients were finally included in this meta-analysis, the pooled analysis indicated that the survivin expression was significantly correlated with poorer overall survival (OS) (HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.65-2.47, P<0.001), and poorer disease-free survival (DFS)/ disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR = 2.03, 95%CI: 1.64-2.52, P<0.001; HR = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.41-2.60, P<0.001, receptively). In addition, we observed the similar results in subgroup analysis stratified by different cancer types, such as laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) (HR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.05-1.74, P<0.001), oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) (HR = 2.45, 95%CI: 1.89-3.17, P<0.001), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) (HR = 2.53, 95%CI: 1.76-3.62, P<0.001) and HNSCC (HR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.25-1.86, P<0.001).Conclusions: Our results suggested that survivin is predictors of worse prognosis in HNSCC patients. Hence, survivin is a potential therapeutic target for HNSCC.
Comparisons of Vitreal Angiogenic, Inflammatory, Profibrotic Cytokines, and Chemokines Profile Between Patients With Epiretinal Membrane and Macular Hole
Authors: Chen Lu , Zhang Weiwei , Xie Ping , Ji Jiangdong , Qian Huiming , Yuan Songtao , Liu Qinghuai , Hu Zizhong
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) or idiopathic macular hole (iMH) is frequently used as “healthy” control in comparison of vitreous cytokines with other vitreoretinal diseases. This study aimed to investigate if there is difference in vitreal cytokines expression between patients with iERM and iMH.Methods: In this prospective study, all subjects received standard pars plana vitrectomy surgery and 0.5 ml of native vitreous sample was extracted during the vitrectomy. Luminex technology and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to profile the concentration of 52 classic angiogenic, inflammatory, and profibrotic cytokines, and chemokines. Statistical analyses were performed by Mann-Whitney U test, followed with multiple comparisons by Bonferroni correction.Results: Vitreal samples from 13 iERM and from 24 iMH were studied. Of the 52 tested cytokines, 41 were similar in expression, 5 were under the detection limit, while 6 cytokines ((MMP-8, Eotaxin, MIP-1a, RANTES, TGF-β2, IL-4)) were differently expressed between two groups (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, these significances disappeared after adjustment of Bonferroni correction.Conclusion: The tested cytokines showed similar expression between iERM and iMH patients. This indicates that eyes with iERM or iMH can be together served as “healthy” controls.
Peripheral Immune Profile of Children With Talaromyces Marneffei Infections: A Retrospective Analysis of 21 Cases
Authors: Zeng Qiang , Jin Yingkang , Yin Genquan , Yang Diyuan , Li Wenyan , Shi Tingting , Lu Gen , Huang Li , Fan Huifeng
Published: January 2021

BackgroundTalaromyces (formerly Penicillium) marneffei (T. marneffei) is an opportunistic pathogen that infects immunodeficient and immunocompromised children. The aim of the study is to determine the clinical features and peripheral immune state of Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) infections in children for early detection and diagnosis.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 21 pediatric patients who were diagnosed with T. marneffei infections and were followed up in the Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center from January 2010 to January 2020. For each patient, we collected and analyzed clinical characteristics, peripheral immunological results, genetic tests, complications and prognosis.ResultsCommon clinical features of the patients included fever (20/21, 95.24%), cough (17/21, 80.95%) and hepatomegaly (17/21, 80.95%). Severe complications included septic shock (12/21, 57.14%), hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) (11/21, 52.38%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (10/21, 47.62%), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (9/21, 42.86%), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (7/21, 33.33%). Eleven children (11/21, 52.38%) eventually died of T. marneffei infections. All patients were HIV negative. Seven cases revealed reduced antibody levels, especially IgG. Higher levels of IgE were detected in 9 cases with an obvious increase in two patients. Ten patients showed decreased complement C3 levels, some of whom had low C4 levels. Three patients displayed decreased absolute T lymphocyte counts, including the CD 4+ and CD 8+ subsets. A reduction in NK cells was present in most patients. No patient had positive nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) test results. Nine patients were assessed using gene tests. Of the cases, one case had no disease-specific gene mutation. Four children had confirmed hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome (HIGM) with CD40LG variation, one case had severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), and one case had hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES). One patient was identified as having a heterozygous mutation in STAT3 gene; however, he showed no typical clinical manifestations of HIES at his age. One patient had a mutated COPA gene with uncertain pathogenic potential. Another patient was diagnosed with HIES that depended on her clinical features and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) scoring system.ConclusionT. marneffei infections in HIV-negative children induced severe systemic complications and poor prognosis. Children with T. marneffei infections commonly exhibited abnormal immunoglobulin levels in peripheral blood, particularly decreased IgG or increased IgE levels, further suggesting possible underlying PIDs in these patients.
Towards Implementing Exercise Into the Prostate Cancer Care Pathway: Development of a Theory and Evidence-Based Intervention to Change Healthcare Professional Behaviour
Authors: Turner Rebecca , Arden Madelynne , Reale Sophie , Sutton Eileen , Taylor Stephanie , Bourke Liam , Greenfield Diana , Morrissey Dylan , Brown Janet , Doherty Patrick , Rosario Derek , Steed Liz , N/A on behalf of the STAMINA co-investigators
Published: January 2021

BackgroundTwice-weekly supervised aerobic and resistance exercise for 12 weeks reduces fatigue and improves quality of life in men on Androgen Deprivation Therapy for prostate cancer. Despite the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) proposing this as standard of care, it does not routinely take place in practice. Healthcare professionals are in a prime position to deliver and integrate these recommendations. A change in the behaviour of clinical teams is therefore required.In this paper, we describe the development of a training package for healthcare professionals using theory and evidence to promote delivery of such recommendations as standard care.MethodsThe intervention development process was guided by the Medical Research Council guidance for complex interventions and the Behaviour Change Wheel. Target behaviours were identified from the literature and thirty-five prostate cancer care healthcare professionals were interviewed to understand influences on these behaviours. The Theoretical Domains Framework was used to identify theoretical constructs for change. Behaviour change techniques were selected based on theory and evidence and were translated into intervention content. The intervention was refined with the input of stakeholders including healthcare professionals, patients, and exercise professionals in the form of rehearsal deliveries, focus groups and a workshop.ResultsSeven modifiable healthcare professional target behaviours were identified to support the delivery of the NICE recommendations including identifying eligible patients suitable for exercise, recommending exercise, providing information, exercise referral, providing support and interpret and feedback on progress. Ten domains from the Theoretical Domain’s Framework were identified as necessary for change, including improving knowledge and skills, addressing beliefs about consequences, and targeting social influences. These were targeted through twenty-two behaviour change techniques delivered in a half-day, interactive training package. Based on initial feedback from stakeholders, the intervention was refined in preparation for evaluation.ConclusionsWe designed an intervention based on theory, evidence, and stakeholder feedback to promote and support the delivery of NICE recommendations. Future work will aim to test this training package in a multi-centre randomised trial. If proven effective, the development and training package will provide a template for replication in other clinical populations, where exercise has proven efficacy but is insufficiently implemented.Trial registrationN/A
Imaging biological tissue with high-throughput single-pixel compressive holography
Authors: Daixuan Wu , Jiawei Luo , Guoqiang Huang , Feng Yuanhua , Xiaohua Feng , Yuecheng Shen , Li Zhao-Hui
Published: January 2021

Single-pixel holography (SPH) is capable of generating holographic images with rich spatial information by employing only a single-pixel detector. Thanks to the relatively low dark-noise production, high sensitivity, large bandwidth, and cheap price of single-pixel detectors in comparison to pixel-array detectors, SPH is becoming an attractive imaging modality at wavelengths where pixel-array detectors are not available or prohibitively expensive. Moreover, SPH is particularly advantageous when imaging through scattering media or in scarce illumination with compressive sensing. In the current practice of SPH, the throughput of the system is mainly limited by the phase-encoded illumination and the ways to realize phase stepping. In this work, we developed a high-through single-pixel compressive holography, achieving a space-bandwidth-time product (SBP-T) of 41,667 pixels/s. This result indicates that by using a single-pixel detector, information of holographic images containing up to 65,536 pixels can be collected within only 3 seconds. The high-throughput was realized by enabling phase stepping naturally in time and abandoning the need for phase-encoded illumination. We further show that compressive sensing can be conveniently adapted to significantly reduce the acquisition time. Besides being high throughput, we also show that this holographic system is scalable to provide either a large field of view (~83 mm2) or a high resolution (5.8 μm × 4.3 μm). In particular, high-resolution holographic images of a piece of rat tail were presented, exhibiting rich information of mussel, cortical bone, and cancellous bone. Given that microscopic images of biological tissue has rarely been explored in the current practice of SPH, we anticipate the developed high-throughput SPH is promising to nourish the development of multi-spectrum imaging by providing high-quality holographic images for biological tissues.
Preoperative Factors Predicting the Severity of BMD Loss Around the Implant after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Morita Akira , Naomi Kobayashi , Choe Hyonmin , Tezuka Taro , Higashihira Shota , Inaba Yutaka
Published: January 2021

BackgroundStress shielding after total hip arthroplasty (THA) leads to the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) around the femoral implants, particularly in the proximal area. BMD loss around the implant is likely to occur within 1 year after THA, but its severity depends on patient characteristics. This study evaluated preoperative factors associated with the severity of zone 7 BMD loss after THA.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 48 patients who underwent primary THA at our hospital from October 2011 to December 2015. All patients underwent implantation of a Zweymüller-type femoral component without any postoperative osteoporosis medications. The objective variable was change in zone 7 BMD after 1 year. Factors evaluated included age, body mass index (BMI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, Harris Hip Score (HHS), Canal Flare Index (CFI), and lumbar BMD on the frontal and lateral sides. Factors associated with loss of zone 7 BMD were identified by univariate and multivariate regression analyses.ResultsUnivariate regression analysis showed that CFI (P=0.003) and preoperative lumbar BMD on the frontal (P=0.003) and lateral (P<0.001) sides were significantly correlated with loss of zone 7 BMD. Multivariate regression analysis showed that CFI (P=0.014) and lumbar BMD on the lateral side (P<0.001) were independently correlated with loss of zone 7 BMD.ConclusionLower preoperative lumbar BMD on the lateral side and lower CFI were significantly associated with zone 7 BMD loss after THA. Patients with these characteristics should be carefully monitored for severe BMD loss after THA.
The Impact of Atmospheric Rivers on Rainfall in New Zealand
Authors: Shu Jingxiang , Shamseldin Asaad Y. , Weller Evan
Published: January 2021

This study quantifies the impact of atmospheric rivers (ARs) on rainfall in New Zealand. Using daily rainfall records from 654 rain gauges and the ERA-Interim and ERA-5 reanalysis, we investigate the contribution of ARs to the annual and seasonal rainfall totals and extreme rainfall events between 1979–2018 across the country. Results indicate that these filamentary synoptic features play an essential role in regional water resources and are responsible for many extreme rainfall events on the western side of mountainous areas and northern New Zealand. Depending on the season in these areas, 40–86% of the rainfall totals and 50–98% of extreme rainfall events are shown to be associated with ARs, with the largest contributions predominantly occurring during the summer. Furthermore, the median daily rainfall associated with ARs is 2–3 times that associated with other storms. The results of this study extend the knowledge of the critical roles of ARs on hydrology and highlight the need for further investigation of the hydrological hazards caused by ARs in New Zealand.
Restoration of deficient DNA Repair Genes Mitigates Genome Instability and Increases Productivity of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells
Authors: Spahn Philipp , Zhang Xiaolin , Hu Qing , Hamaker Nathaniel , Hefzi Hooman , Li Shangzhong , Kuo Chih-Chung , Huang Yingxiang , Lee Jamie , Ly Peter , Lee Kelvin , Lewis Nathan
Published: January 2021

Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are the primary host used for manufacturing of therapeutic proteins. However, production instability of high-titer cell lines is a major problem and is associated with genome instability, as chromosomal aberrations reduce transgene copy number and decrease protein titer. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing data from 11 CHO cell lines and found deleterious single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA repair genes. Comparison with other mammalian cells confirmed DNA repair is compromised in CHO. Restoration of key DNA repair genes by SNP reversal or expression of intact cDNAs improved DNA repair and genome stability. Moreover, the restoration of LIG4 and XRCC6 in a CHO cell line expressing secreted alkaline phosphatase mitigated transgene copy loss and improved protein titer retention. These results show for the first time that correction of key DNA repair genes yields considerable improvements in stability and protein expression in CHO, and provide new opportunities for cell line development and a more efficient and sustainable production of therapeutic proteins.
DNA Sequence and Community Structure Diversity of Multi-Year Soil Fungi in Grape of Xinjiang
Authors: Liu Tong , Xue Feng
Published: January 2021

This study is designed to understand the community structure and diversity of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of grape. As the sample for this study, the rhizosphere soil of Crimson seedless grape with different planting years was collected from Shihezi in Xinjiang to carry out high-throughput sequencing, by which the complete sequence of soil fungi DNA was identified, and accordingly, the richness and diversity index of fungi were determined. The results showed that the dominant phyla of fungi in the grape rhizosphere soil with different planting years were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and the dominant classes of fungi were Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes. Soil organic matter, total potassium, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were the main soil fertility factors affecting the abundance and diversity of soil fungal communities, among which soil organic matter had the most significant influence. In addition, the fungal diversity and richness were highest in the middle layer (20-35 cm) of the grape rhizosphere soil with 12 planting years and lowest in the lower layer (35-50 cm) of the grape rhizosphere soil with 5 planting years. Linear discriminant analysis suggested that there were more biomarkers in the vineyard rhizosphere soil with 10 planting years, which meant there were more fungal communities with significant difference in the soil, especially in the middle layer (20-35). The results of this study can provide data reference and theoretical basis for improving vineyard soil quality, evaluating soil microecological effects and improving ecological environment of vineyard soil.
Modified F Configuration in the Treatment of Pauwels Type III Femoral Neck Fracture: a Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Lin Shiyuan , Li Huizi , Tong Kai , Feng Zihang , Wang Gang , Lu Hua-Ding
Published: January 2021

Background: The optimal treatment of Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture in young patients remains a worldwide challenge in orthopedic surgery. Methods: Finite element models of four internal fixations were developed to treat Pauwels type III Femoral neck fracture: a: the traditional inverted triangular cannulated screw model, b: the F-technique cannulated screw model, c: the modified F-technique cannulated screw model using a fully threaded screw instead of a partially threaded distally, d: the dynamic hip screw coupled with anti-rotational screw model. Under the same conditions, finite element analyses were carried out to compare the displacement and von Mises stress distribution of four internal fixations and femurs, the maximum crack distances of the fracture surfaces, Z axis displacements of four models as well as the stress distribution in the subtrochanteric region. Results: The modified F-technique configuration resulted in a more stable fixation as compared to the other three approaches, with respect to the maximum displacement and stress peaks of femur and internal fixations, the maximum crack distances of the fracture surfaces, Z axis displacements of four configurations as well as the stress distribution in the subtrochanteric region.Conclusions: Our results suggested that modified F-technique configuration show a better performance in resisting shearing and rotational forces in treating Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures compared to those using traditional inverted triangular, the F-technique configuration or dynamic hip screw coupled with anti-rotational screw, providing a new choice for the treatment of femoral neck fractures.
An Investigation Into the Factors Inhibiting the Development of Date Crop Insurance: the Case of Saravan County
Authors: Sasouli Mohammad Reza , Karimzadeh Majid , Jamnia Abdul Rashid
Published: January 2021

The viability and efficiency of crop insurance policies depend on farmers’ demand and willingness for crop insurance. The present paper analyzes the insurance demand of 441 date farmers in Saravan County. Data showed that 68.87% of the farmers did not agree with insurance. The results of the ordinal logit model at five different levels indicated that awareness of insurance benefits, insurance record, previous-year yield, educational level, the standard deviation of income, orchard area, and satisfaction with insurance services are the main variables influencing the demand for insurance. The coefficient of variation of the likelihood of insurance adoption was estimated at all five levels. A 1% increase in satisfaction with insurance services increases the likelihood of a person’s shift from the ‘strongly disagree’ category to the ‘disagree’ category by 6.3%. Older date farmers abstain from insurance adoption, which needs reflection given the religious view in the region on interest rates on the one hand and the resistance of older people against modern risk management methods on the other.
Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Outcomes of Pregnant Women Who Delivered Before and After Ending the One-Child Policy in China: A Comparative Study
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Lou Haifeng , Tang Xuejuan , Chen Xiaoli
Published: January 2021

Background: Recently, Chinese new fertility policy has received widespread public attention. However, there are limited studies on the comprehensive epidemiology of maternal and infant health with respect to the characteristic changes of childbearing women. In this study, we compared the changes in socio-demographic characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of childbearing women before and after ending the one-child policy in Zhejiang province of China.Methods: This was a multicenter and cross-sectional study. Data were from three representative hospitals in Zhejiang province by stratified random sampling. Women who gave birth in November 2012-2014-2016 were recruited, according to the time of the change in fertility policy. We explored the differences in maternal sociodemographic characteristics and pregnancy outcomes.Results: Totally, 11,718 women were recruited, including 3480-4044-4194 in November 2012-2014-2016 respectively. Results showed the proportion of women with advanced age, relative higher education, higher number of gravidity and parity, previous cesarean section and births in a provincial hospital increased over time. Of multipara, they were more likely to be over ≥ 35 years old, to give birth vaginally and to have pregnancy complications and multiple birth, particularly in 2016 than in 2012. Of those primipara, the proportion of women with advanced age remained stable during periods. Further, both the percentage of vaginal delivery and instrumental vaginal delivery were higher in 2014 and 2016 than in 2012. The same period, the proportions of pregnancy complications, and multiple births significantly rose, but stillbirth and birth decreased in 2014 than in 2012 among women who never delivered.Conclusions: Some adverse pregnancy outcomes increased as some key characteristics of childbearing women changed after ending the one-child policy. It suggested that policy provider and medical staff to strengthen consistent healthcare regarding to changes in birth policy.
A Localization Method for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Using Side Wall Cameras and IMU Sensor
Authors: vedaei seyed shahim , wahid khan
Published: January 2021

Localizing the endoscopy capsule inside gastrointestinal (GI) system provides key information which leads to GI abnormality tracking and precision medical delivery. In this paper, we have proposed a new method to localize the capsule inside human GI track. We propose to equip the capsule with four side wall cameras and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), that consists of 9 Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) including a gyroscope, an accelerometer and a magnetometer to monitor the capsule’s orientation and direction of travel. The low resolution mono-chromatic cameras, installed along the wide wall, are responsible to measure the actual capsule movement, not the involuntary motion of the small intestine. Finally, a fusion algorithm is used to combine all data to derive the traveled path and plot the trajectory. Compared to other methods, the presented system is resistive to surrounding conditions, such as GI nonhomogeneous structure and involuntary small bowel movements. In addition, it does not require external antenna or arrays. Therefore, GI tracking can be achieved without disturbing patients’ daily activities.