bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empirical Examination of Leadership Styles as A Predictor of Organizational Performance in Bayelsa Specialist Hospital
Authors: Yabrifa Olaere , Ajalie Stanley Nwannebuife , Oigbochie Abel Ehigozie
Published: August 2024

This study examined the impact of leadership styles on organizational performance. The style of leadership an organization uses to a large extent can predict the level of effectiveness and efficiency of its workers thereby having a huge effect on organizational performance. A descriptive research design was utilized to carry out this study. Out of a population of 889 respondents, a sample size of 276 respondents was drawn from nine departments of the Bayelsa Specialist Hospital. The research instrument used for the study was a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using multiple regression via the statistical package of social sciences (SPSS). The findings of the study revealed that leadership styles have a significant effect on organizational performance at (R=.976, R2=.962 at p=0.000). The statistical findings show that the independent variable (leadership styles) measured using laissez faire and democratic leadership styles accounts for 96.2% of variations in the dependent variable (organizational performance) which was measured using effectiveness. Therefore, the study recommends that organizations should invest in leadership training programs to enhance leadership skills especially for managerial positions. This would impact positively on employee effectiveness as such boost organizational performance.
Elements and Beyond: Content Creation for NextGen Learners and Making Bloom’s Taxonomy in Action Using Icons
Authors: Guzman Susan Villanueva de
Published: August 2024

In the fast-moving world of technology, online interaction and good content production are essential, especially for involving NextGen learners. This research focuses on the incorporation of Bloom’s Taxonomy, an established system for educational purposes. This study is a cross-sectional survey involving quantitative data from a statistically evaluated questionnaire. This comparative study includes a “The Art of Learning” survey for NextGen Learners, focusing on Gen Z and Alpha learners. The total sample size included in this study was 290, which included 230 responses gathered from the students of Primary and Secondary schools, Tertiary and Post graduate level from different regions, including Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah, and Fujairah. Similarly, 60 responses were collected from the teachers through Google Forms and emailed to the respondents. The teachers were employed in primary, secondary school, tertiary, and post-graduate levels in the mentioned regions. Teachers considered multimedia presentations and online interactive sessions as beneficial ways of learning. Students’ responses were inclined toward various social media platforms. Teachers preferred educational images and icons in their presentations to make the topic understandable. Students also preferred colorful graphics and picture with high quality to learn and enjoy at the same time. Moreover, both teachers and students agreed on the influence of technology on the educational system. This cross-sectional survey highlights the visual graphics. By incorporating Bloom’s Taxonomy, teachers and designers can design innovative and engaging learning programs.
Patterns and reasons for contraceptive method switching and discontinuation at a tertiary hospital in northern Nigeria.
Authors: DUROSINLORUN AMINA , Adze Joel , Bature Stephen , Mohammed Caleb , Shehu Aisha , Popoola Abdulrafiu
Published: August 2024

Background: Benefits of contraception are well elucidated, but when women switch or discontinue use, it impacts on overall determinants of fertility and reproductive health. The study aimed to determine patterns and reasons for contraceptive method switching or discontinuation.
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study done at the family planning clinic of the hospital between January 2019 to December 2021. A semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics, contraception and reasons for switching and discontinuation contraception. Data analysis was done with simple descriptive statistics using frequency tables and percentages.
Results: There were 318 respondents, 147 (46.2%) switching methods, and 171 (53.8%) discontinuing. Implants were the most common form of contraception used by respondents (241, 75.7%). Among those switching contraception, majority were using contraceptive implants (104, 70.7%) switched to another class of contraceptives, either injectables or pills. While among participants discontinuing, majority also used contraceptive implants (137, 80.1%). The commonest reasons given by participants switching methods were abnormal uterine bleeding, headaches and weight gain. While among participants discontinuing, it was to have another child, or abnormal uterine bleeding.
Conclusion: Women discontinued their contraceptive method when they were ready to have another child, and switched their contraceptive method due to side effects. Women sometimes switched from more effective long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods, to less effective methods. Contraceptive counselling needs to be improved, training on proper contraceptive implant insertion and removal, management of side effects associated with contraception are required to improve contraceptive uptake and reap its full benefits.
The environmental effects, pollutions, and waste from Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used in the developed countries during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mohammed Ikrimah , Adam Habiba
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of plastics in our daily lives. Because of their inherent properties, plastics in the form of personal protective equipment (PPEs) and other single-use medical equipment, as well as packaging solutions, have emerged as a life-saver for protecting the health and safety of frontline health workers and ordinary citizens during the pandemic. However, because of their indiscriminate littering and mismanagement in the midst of this unprecedented crisis, personal protective equipment’s have been labeled as evil polluters. This article review and evaluates whether personal protective equipment’s are a public health protector or a polluter of the environment during a pandemic. Taking into account the benefits and limitations of PPEs, as well as its management or mismanagement, and it can be a protector if properly managed and supplemented by circular economy strategies such as reduction, recycling, and recovery, preventing leakage into the environment. Several decontamination techniques have been implemented globally to ensure the effective reprocessing of PPEs in order to prioritize the circular economy within the system. Policy guidelines encouraging the adoption of safer practices and sustainable technical solutions, as well as consumer education for awareness creation, are critical for preventing plastic from transforming from a protector with high utility to a polluter.
Malignant melanoma of the anal canal: A rare case report from a tertiary care center in South India
Authors: Prabhu Satish , Jojo Joicy , Abraham George , Kurian Rohit
Published: August 2024

Anorectal melanoma is a rare entity that accounts for less than 1% of all anorectal malignancies. It is often mistaken for benign anorectal conditions since the symptoms resemble each other. The predominant symptoms of anorectal melanoma are per rectal bleeding, anorectal pain, mass per rectum, tenesmus and altered bowel habits. All suspected cases of anorectal malignancy should be subjected to sigmoido-colonoscopy and biopsy. Management of anorectal melanoma remains controversial including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and target therapy as treatment options. Surgical treatment is considered as the primary treatment modality for anorectal melanoma. Anorectal melanoma must be kept in mind as differential diagnosis for patients presenting with per rectal bleeding and pain.
Placental chorioangiosis in placenta previa, with fetal encephalocele and maternal near miss: A case report
Authors: Kaur Tajinder , Pandey Kartika , Pande Kiran
Published: August 2024

Placental chorioangiosis along with chorioangioma and chorioangiomatosis constitute a spectrum of overlapping villous capillary lesions, considered to result from hypoxia. Chorioangiosis vary in its histological features, gestational age at presentation and associated maternal conditions from chorioangioma and chorioangiomatosis (which have much in common). Chorioangiosis is an under studied, but important entity because of its significant association with poor neonatal outcome and major congenital malformations. The etiology remains uncertain with chronic low-grade hypoxia resulting from various reasons, being the possible cause. Many placental conditions are associated with chorioangiosis, we report a case of chorioangiosis in placenta previa. The fetus had a major defect in occipital bone with encepalocele. There is a need to advance studies focusing on placental chorioangiosis to better proximate the causes of this placental injury and to define its associated feto-maternal disorders.
PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF POST−TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AMONG COVID−19 SURVIVORS IN A NIGERIAN INFECTIOUS DISEASE CENTRE
Authors: BADRU O , LAWAL R , FASASI I , DUROSINMI M , YUSUF O
Published: August 2024

Background: Admission into isolation centres due to COVID−19 may be traumatic. This may lead to Post−traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with far−reaching effects on functioning.
Aim: This study determined the prevalence and correlates of PTSD among survivors of COVID−19 in a Nigerian Infectious Disease Centre.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among survivors of COVID−19 discharged from an Infectious Disease Centre. A socio−demographic questionnaire was used to assess socio−demographic and clinical variables, while the Post−Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist−5 (PCL−5) was used to assess PTSD. A case definition of PTSD was based on a score of ≥ 33. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Chi−square test.
Results: The study showed that 6% of COVID−19 survivors had PTSD. Rhinorrhea was significantly associated with PTSD (p = 0.04).
Conclusion: The prevalence of PTSD among survivors of COVID−19 was 6%, with greater risk among those with rhinorrhea.
When resilience isn’t enough: natural disaster as an under-researched barrier
Authors: Watt Lois
Published: August 2024

Natural disasters significantly impact the study plans of higher education students. This study explores the impact of catastrophic floods in the Australian city of Townsville in January 2019 on three enabling students enrolled in Skills for Tertiary Education Preparatory Studies (STEPS)
at CQUniversity Australia (CQU). STEPS is a foundation course aimed at widening participation in line with the Australian government objectives to have more Australians complete a tertiary qualification. Students who successfully complete STEPS can gain direct entry to most higher education
undergraduate courses. The aim of the study was to develop an understanding of the impacts of the Townsville floods on each participant along with an evaluation of the support offered by the University during the disaster. While the participants in this study showed extraordinary resilience
and capacity for recovery throughout the disaster, all three participants withdrew from the STEPS course. While some educators may believe that students withdraw due to low resilience, this research suggests that resilience theory may not be a good fit in the context of natural disasters.
Instead, a theory that considers the student and their community context is needed, such as the ecological theory by Bronfenbrenner (as cited in Paquette & Ryan, 2001). When extraordinary events occur, specific forms of institutional support are needed, such as Withdrawal Without Academic
Penalty (WWAPs) and Leave of Absence with an acknowledgment of assessments passed to maintain enrolment. Such measures are likely to increase retention of students in widening participation initiatives.
A scoping review of the graduate outcome literature
Authors: Fryer Tom
Published: August 2024

Higher education (HE) policymaking is increasingly concerned with graduate outcomes. Policies often use narrow economic metrics, such as employment rates and salaries, to set strategic goals for HE and assess `value for money´. Despite this policy relevance, little attempt
has been made to assess the academic literature in this area. The field’s strengths and weaknesses, areas of focus and level of criticality are unknown, leaving us unable to judge its ability to inform policy. This paper addresses this gap using a novel two-phase scoping review method.
Phase 1 assesses literature that explicitly uses the term `graduate outcome´, finding a field that is largely fragmented into subfields. Phase 2 then performs a series of `top-level´ scoping reviews on each sub-field and combines them to assess the `overall´
literature. This `overall´ literature is found to share HE policy’s focus on economic graduate outcomes. While several well-developed non-economic subfields exist, such as critical thinking and lifelong learning, these are comparatively small. A limited proportion of the
literature considers issues of inequality and other `critical´ topics. If research is to better inform policy in this area, it would be beneficial to develop a broader and more critical research programme.
Do interventions enhancing students’ self‐belief and confidence effectively contribute to widening participation in higher education? A qualitative research study
Authors: Bakour Shagaf
Published: August 2024

Widening participation in higher education is a key priority in the UK, aiming to address historical and multifaceted disparities where access to University has traditionally favoured more affluent backgrounds. Achieving balanced representation across socio-economic groups is essential
for creating a level playing field. This requires comprehensive efforts, including targeted initiatives for improving access to education, providing financial assistance, and implementing inclusive policies. The term `widening participation´ encompasses various interventions aimed
at creating a more inclusive higher education system. This study focuses on exploring the effectiveness of interventions in enhancing students’ self‐belief and confidence for widening participation in higher education, as perceived by widening participation tutors. While there is
a considerable amount of literature on the perspectives of widening participation students, less attention has been given to the views of tutors. This article aims to contribute to filling a gap in recent research. A purposive sample of six independent tutors, considered experts in the
field of widening participation, participated in semi-structured telephone interviews. Thematic approach was employed for data analysis, and saturation was reached by the fourth interview. Two main themes emerged: `Spectrum of self-motivation´ and `widening participation
as a medium to success,´ falling under the overarching theme of `Actualisation of student potential´. Participants expressed a coherent sense of unity in acknowledging the positive impact of widening participation strategies in helping underrepresented students access
higher education. However, they also recognised the structural inequalities that these students face, which can limit the effectiveness of widening participation interventions. Overall, the findings suggest that widening participation interventions play a significant role in empowering self-determined
students from underrepresented groups to pursue higher education.
The EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive: Real Change or More of the Same?
Authors: McCullagh Verity
Published: August 2024

The implementation of mandatory corporate due diligence has been a growing trend in recent years. Viewed as having the potential to prevent corporate abuse, mandatory due diligence can be presented as the mechanism to substantially improve responsible corporate behaviour in practice. In 2022, the European Commission proposed a Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD). The proposal presents obligations for companies regarding any actual or potential adverse human rights and environmental impacts, as well as liability for violation of such obligations. It aims to streamline due diligence obligations across Member States and create a level playing field. Since then, the Council of the EU and the European Parliament have agreed their negotiating positions. This paper explores the proposed CSDDD, including amendments, and analyses the challenges and prospects for mandatory due diligence. It explores whether the CSDDD could result in a genuine transformation of corporate practices to prevent corporate harms, or whether developments are similar to the incremental changes already seen over the years. It is argued that while the CSDDD could be another step in the right direction, significantly more needs to be done to prioritise rights holders above corporations and demonstrate a real change in responsible business practices.
The Flexibility of Company Law: The Lessons of the Hungarian Law Reform
Authors: Gárdos Péter
Published: August 2024

Until 2013, the substantive rules of Hungarian company law were regulated by various company acts. When Hungary adopted a new Civil Code in 2013, it included, for the first time in Hungarian legal history, the substantive rules of company law. One of the most controversial novelties of the new company law rules was the provision that gave unprecedented freedom to company members to deviate from the company law rules of the Civil Code, as long as the Civil Code does not expressly prohibit the deviation or it does not manifestly prejudice to the rights of creditors, employees or a minority of the members of the legal person or hider the supervision of the lawful operation of the legal person. This article analyses this provision from a comparative perspective. The analysis compares the English, American, German and Hungarian solutions and finds that there are significant differences regarding the right of the parties to determine the company’s articles of association. Building on the findings of this comparison, the article argues that a more enabling regulatory approach could facilitate the pursuit of interests beyond the narrow interests of company members, using the example of corporate purpose and employee participation.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EDUCACIONAIS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INDÍGENA
Authors: Santana Leonardo Sampaio Baleeiro , Osório Neila Barbosa , Jesus Djanires Lageano Neto de , Santos George França dos , Santana Wesquisley Vidal de , Aguiar Adriana da Costa Pereira , Lira Valmir Fernandes de , Goveia André Ribeiro de , Pires Silvania Pereira de Sousa , Tarissio Eliana de Aquino , Gândara Luciana Pegoraro Penteado , Moura Junior Bartolomeu
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem o objetivo de compreender as políticas públicas educacionais para educação escolar indígena no Brasil, onde apresenta as características de um processo de longo prazo que se constitui, interrompe ou reconstitui, conforme o caso, em estreita concatenação com a reforma política do Estado e as mudanças socioeconômicas inspiradas nas concepções neoliberais de desenvolvimento nacional. Na última década, ganhou uma dimensão política e institucional de primeira ordem e tornou os povos indígenas muito mais visíveis. Também acelerou a criação de novas bases legais e políticas públicas para a educação escolar indígena, alterando gradativamente um processo adverso na educação pública. Com todo esse imenso potencial de mudança e enriquecimento ético e cultural esse processo parece estar se enfraquecendo e perdendo presença no atual governo. Um resultado ideológico significativo dessa mudança é a substituição irreversível do paradigma da educação bicultural pela chamada proposta bilíngue. N’um método descritivo, qualitativo e exploratório concluísse que para compreender os problemas sociais de desigualdades e discriminações se faz necessário promover a interculturalidade dos saberes indígenas por todo o país.
Hodnocení traumatických symptomů u dětí a adolescentů ve školských zařízeních pro výkon ústavní a ochranné výchovy
Authors:   Katedra speciální a sociální pedagogiky, Univerzita J. E. Purkyně v Ústí nad Labem, Pedagogická fakulta, Tirpák Jan , Uhrinová Miriam ,   Katedra predškolskej a elementárnej pedagogiky, Katolícka univerzita v Ružomberku, Pedagogická fakulta, Zimmermannová Klára ,   Katedra speciální a sociální pedagogiky,   Univerzita J. E. Purkyně v Ústí nad Labem, Pedagogická fakulta
Published: August 2024

The paper focuses on the self-assessment of traumatic symptoms in children from 8 to 16 years of age who, as part of institutional or protective education, are placed in substitute educational care facilities. The research was conducted using the standardized questionnaire Assessment of Traumatic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents TSCC-A (Briere, 2022). The aim of the research investigation was to determine, find and compare differences in the self-assessment of traumatic symptoms in the selected group on a sample of 101 children and adolescents. The article reflects the key aspects related to this research.
Vnímanie bezpečnosti a prijatia v škole – výsledky reprezentatívneho výskumu detí a mládeže na Slovensku
Authors:   Katedra sociálnej práce, Katolícka univerzita v Ružomberku, Pedagogická fakulta, Almašiová Angela , Holdoš Juraj ,   Katedra psychológie, Katolícka univerzita v Ružomberku, Filozofická fakulta, Izrael Pavel ,   Katedra žurnalistiky, Katolícka univerzita v Ružomberku, Filozofická fakulta, Kohútová Katarína ,   Katedra sociálnej práce, Katolícka univerzita v Ružomberku, Pedagogická fakulta
Published: August 2024

The paper presents the latest results of a representative survey of children and young people aged 9-17 years on a research sample of 1932 respondents. The instrument to measure perceptions of safety and acceptance at school comes from the EU Kids online survey. It contains 5 items reflecting perceptions of support and safety in the school environment and of good relationships with classmates and teachers. The aim of the present study is to introduce the concept of safety and acceptance at school and its association with selected psychological variables. The results show a deterioration of the above over the period from 2018, with the year 2023 showing the worst average score. Regression analysis explains 24.6% of the variance in safety and acceptance at school, with the most significant predictor being feelings of happiness and satisfaction.
The effect of fiscal loss compensation, capital intensity and company age on tax avoidance
Authors: Silvera Cut Putri , Ismanto Juli
Published: August 2024

Tax avoidance is a strategy and technique carried out by taxpayers safely because it does not violate tax provisions. This technique usually takes advantage of loopholes (grey areas) in tax regulations to reduce the amount of tax to be paid. The government does not like tax avoidance because it directly reduces state revenues. This study aims to determine the effect of fiscal loss compensation, capital intensity, and company age on tax avoidance. Secondary data comes from the financial statements of companies included in the Consumer Non-Cyclicals Sub-Sector Food and Beverage index listed on the IDX during the 2019-2023 period. A total of 14 companies were used as research samples for five years. Panel data regression analysis was used in this study. The results showed that fiscal loss compensation and capital intensity did not have a significant effect on tax avoidance. Conversely, company age has a significant effect on tax avoidance. This shows that company age can indirectly affect tax avoidance. Older companies tend to reduce costs including their tax costs because of the experience and learning they have and the influence of other companies in the same or different industries. Companies that operate longer also become more adept at managing their taxes based on previous experience. Logically, the longer a company operates, the more experience it has so that the human resources it has become more adept at managing and administering tax burdens, which ultimately increases the tendency to engage in tax avoidance.
Determinant of green value on corporate tax avoidance
Authors: Sailendra Sailendra
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the relationship between green value and tax avoidance, with a focus on the moderating role of intellectual capital. Using a sample of 264 firm-year observations from Indonesian listed companies between 2017 and 2022, we employ panel data regression analysis to examine these relationships. Our findings reveal that while green value does not have a significant direct effect on tax avoidance, intellectual capital plays a crucial role both as a direct determinant and as a moderator. Specifically, we find that higher intellectual capital is associated with lower tax avoidance, suggesting that firms with strong intellectual resources tend to engage in more responsible tax practices. However, the positive moderating effect of intellectual capital on the relationship between green value and tax avoidance indicates that firms with high intellectual capital may be more adept at leveraging their environmental initiatives for efficient tax planning. These results highlight the complex interplay between environmental commitment, intellectual resources, and tax strategies in modern corporations. Our study contributes to the growing literature on corporate sustainability and tax behavior, offering implications for policymakers in designing tax regulations and environmental incentives, and for managers in strategically managing intellectual capital for both environmental and tax efficiency purposes.
Effect of emotion management and nursing on patients with painless induced abortion after operation
Authors: Yang Jing , Yang Xiao , Xiong Zhuo-Ya
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

With an estimated 121 million abortions following unwanted pregnancies occurring worldwide each year, many countries are now committed to protecting women’s reproductive rights.

AIM

To analyze the impact of emotional management and care on anxiety and contraceptive knowledge mastery in painless induced abortion (IA) patients.

METHODS

This study was retrospective analysis of 84 patients with IA at our hospital. According to different nursing methods, the patients were divided into a control group and an observation group, with 42 cases in each group. Degree of pain, rate of postoperative uterine relaxation, surgical bleeding volume, and postoperative bleeding volume at 1 h between the two groups of patients; nursing satisfaction; and mastery of contraceptive knowledge were analyzed.

RESULTS

After nursing, Self-Assessment Scale, Depression Self-Assessment Scale, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores were 39.18 ± 2.18, 30.27 ± 2.64, 6.69 ± 2.15, respectively, vs 45.63 ± 2.66, 38.61 ± 2.17, 13.45 ± 2.12, respectively, with the observation group being lower than the control group (P < 0.05). Comparing visual analog scales, the observation group was lower than the control group (4.55 ± 0.22 vs 3.23 ± 0.41; P < 0.05). The relaxation rate of the cervix after nursing, surgical bleeding volume, and 1-h postoperative bleeding volumes were 25 (59.5), 31.72 ± 2.23, and 22.41 ± 1.23, respectively, vs 36 (85.7), 42.39 ± 3.53, 28.51 ± 3.34, respectively, for the observation group compared to the control group. The observation group had a better nursing situation (P < 0.05), and higher nursing satisfaction and contraceptive knowledge mastery scores compared to the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The application of emotional management in postoperative care of IA has an ideal effect.
Exploring the role of interleukin-6 receptor blockade in epilepsy and associated neuropsychiatric conditions through a mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yu Yan-Mei , Jin Gui-Hong , Zhong Chong , Qian Hao , Wang Lei , Zhan Feng
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

The interplay between inflammation, immune dysregulation, and the onset of neurological disorders, including epilepsy, has become increasingly recognized. Interleukin (IL)-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is suspected to not only mediate traditional inflammatory pathways but also contribute to neuroinflammatory responses that could underpin neuropsychiatric symptoms and broader psychiatric disorders in epilepsy patients. The role of IL-6 receptor (IL6R ) blockade presents an intriguing target for therapeutic intervention due to its potential to attenuate these processes.

AIM

To explore the potential of IL6R blockade in reducing the risk of epilepsy and investigate whether this pathway might also influence associated psychiatric and neuropsychiatric conditions due to neuroinflammation.

METHODS

Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis employing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vicinity of the IL6R gene (total individuals = 408225) was used to evaluate the putative causal relationship between IL6R blockade and epilepsy (total cases/controls = 12891/312803), focal epilepsy (cases/controls = 7526/399290), and generalized epilepsy (cases/controls = 1413/399287). SNP weights were determined by their effect on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and integrated using inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis as surrogates for IL6R effects. To address potential outlier and pleiotropic influences, sensitivity analyses were conducted employing a variety of MR methods under different modeling assumptions.

RESULTS

The genetic simulation targeting IL6R blockade revealed a modest but significant reduction in overall epilepsy risk [inverse variance weighting: Odds ratio (OR): 0.827; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.685-1.000; P = 0.05]. Subtype analysis showed variability, with no significant effect observed in generalized, focal, or specific childhood and juvenile epilepsy forms. Beyond the primary inflammatory marker CRP, the findings also suggested potential non-inflammatory pathways mediated by IL-6 signaling contributing to the neurobiological landscape of epilepsy, hinting at possible links to neuroinflammation, psychiatric symptoms, and associated mental disorders.

CONCLUSION

The investigation underscored a tentative causal relationship between IL6R blockade and decreased epilepsy incidence, likely mediated via complex neuroinflammatory pathways. These results encouraged further in-depth studies involving larger cohorts and multifaceted psychiatric assessments to corroborate these findings and more thoroughly delineate the neuro-psychiatric implications of IL-6 signaling in epilepsy. The exploration of IL6R blockade could herald a novel therapeutic avenue not just for seizure management but also for addressing the broader psychiatric and cognitive disturbances often associated with epilepsy.
Botulinum toxin type A-targeted SPP1 contributes to neuropathic pain by the activation of microglia pyroptosis
Authors: Chen Li-Ping , Gui Xiao-Die , Tian Wen-Di , Kan Hou-Ming , Huang Jin-Zhao , Ji Fu-Hai
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Neuropathic pain (NP) is the primary symptom of various neurological conditions. Patients with NP often experience mood disorders, particularly depression and anxiety, that can severely affect their normal lives. Microglial cells are associated with NP. Excessive inflammatory responses, especially the secretion of large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ultimately lead to neuroinflammation. Microglial pyroptosis is a newly discovered form of inflammatory cell death associated with immune responses and inflammation-related diseases of the central nervous system.

AIM

To investigate the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on microglial pyroptosis in terms of NP and associated mechanisms.

METHODS

Two models, an in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglial cell model and a selective nerve injury model using BTX-A and SPP1 knockdown treatments, were used. Key proteins in the pyroptosis signaling pathway, NLRP3-GSDMD, were assessed using western blotting, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence. Inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also evaluated microglial cell proliferation and apoptosis. Furthermore, we measured pain sensation by assessing the delayed hind paw withdrawal latency using thermal stimulation.

RESULTS

The expression levels of ACS and GSDMD-N and the mRNA expression of TNF-α , IL-6 , and IL-1β were enhanced in LPS-treated microglia. Furthermore, SPP1 expression was also induced in LPS-treated microglia. Notably, BTX-A inhibited SPP1 mRNA and protein expression in the LPS-treated microglia. Additionally, depletion of SPP1 or BTX-A inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in LPS-treated microglia, whereas co-treatment with BTX-A enhanced the effect of SPP1 short hairpin (sh)RNA in LPS-treated microglia. Finally, SPP1 depletion or BTX-A treatment reduced the levels of GSDMD-N, NLPRP3, and ASC and suppressed the production of inflammatory factors.

CONCLUSION

Notably, BTX-A therapy and SPP1 shRNA enhance microglial proliferation and apoptosis and inhibit microglial death. It improves pain perception and inhibits microglial activation in rats with selective nerve pain.
Transforming field education in social work: A special issue on field education
Authors: Drolet Julie
Published: August 2024

Welcome to this special issue of Transformative Social Work, dedicated to social work field education. As we navigate a rapidly changing world, the need for dynamic and impactful field education has never been more crucial. This special issue brings together a diverse range of perspectives and innovative approaches, highlighting how field education can be transformative in both practice and theory.
In this collection of thought-provoking articles, we explore the latest research and new practices that are reshaping the way social work students, field educators, and practitioners engage with the field. Articles include discussions on Indigenous field education, developmental and green social work approaches, and field models such as macro placements, self-directed placements, and rotational hospital placements. We also feature the experiences of practicum students during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine what motivates field instructors to engage in field education.
As we look to the future, the aspirations and commitments articulated by our contributors in this special issue offer a hopeful vision. The articles in this issue illuminate the adaptability of social work students, field educators, researchers, and practitioners, particularly in the face of unprecedented global disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The innovations not only address current challenges but also lay the groundwork for more dynamic and responsive field education programs. There is a collective resolve to integrate lessons learned, foster interdisciplinary collaboration, and uphold the principles of social justice that underpin our profession. By doing so, we can ensure that social work field education continues to evolve in ways that are inclusive, effective, and aligned with the needs of our diverse communities. We invite you to explore these contributions, reflect on their insights, and consider how they might inspire and inform your own practice in field education.
Thunderstorm Nowcasting in India: A Survey
Authors: Kaur Lovedeep , Singh Dr. Amardeep , Kanwal Dr. Navdeep
Published: August 2024

Abstract Thunderstorm is a major threat to life. In India it is a major disaster which causes loss of life and property every year. It is a meteorological phenomenon occurs in different parts of India which includes heavy rainfall, strong wind, hailstorm, dust storm or lightning. The earlier prediction of thunderstorms is crucial for public safety and awareness. Thunderstorm prediction is essential for public safety that’s why precision and accuracy in predicting thunderstorms is very important. Thunderstorm is a phenomenon which occurs due to formation of convection cells and the lifetime of one convection cell is less than an hour so nowcasting or short term forecasting is recommended for thunderstorms in which the model predicts the initiation, development and direction of thunderstorms sub-hourly. Indian Meteorological department uses satellites that are INSAT-3DR (74°E), INSAT-3D (84°E) & Kalpana-1 (72.4°E) operationally for forecasting. Approximately 200 Agro-Automated Weather Station (Agro- AWS), 806 Automatic weather stations, 1382 Automatic Rain gauges, 83 lightning sensors along with 63 Pilot balloon upper air observation stations serve as the backbone of weather observation services of IMD throughout the country. In addition IMD has 39 Doppler Weather Radars (DWRs) well distributed across the country to monitor severe weather events. Due to advancement in technology, the thunderstorm nowcasting techniques also evolved. Now a days , radar based techniques like TITAN (Thunderstorm Identification, Tracking and Nowcasting), satellite based techniques, Numerical weather prediction, machine learning and deep learning techniques play a vital role in nowcasting. The study also discuss about the challenges faced by meteorologists during thunderstorm nowcasting. Key Words: Thunderstorm, Weather Prediction, Nowcasting
Vision based Accident Detection System Using AI ML and Yolov8 Algorithms
Authors:   Department of Information Science and Engineering  Sapthagiri College of Engineering, India, GAYATHRI R Prof
Published: August 2024

There is a real danger of accidental discovery of safety and order. In this paper, we propose the use of YOLOv8 for accident-based vision, with embedded insights and machine learning State-of-the-art Acknowledgment Question Our algorithm communicates real-time flight video from the active camera to identify them accurately Classified and Accident. We demonstrate a comprehensive approach to improve YOLOv8 performance using data sets annotated with crash images. Through comparative analysis with existing methods, we confirm the uniqueness of our vision-based algorithm in terms of speed, accuracy, and performance. Our insights help improve accident management, provide appropriate planning to improve road safety, and potentially reduce the impact of accidents on the road. Index Terms— Road Accidents, Accident Detection, Computer Vision, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, CNN Classifier, Real- time Detection, Emergency Alerting, Intelligent Transportation Systems.
BANK TRANSACTION USING IRIS AND BIOMETRIC
Authors: C.K Shruthi , M Balaji , B.K Arjun Sathish , S Dinesh
Published: August 2024

Exact correlation of contactless 2D unique finger impression pictures with contact-based fingerprints is basic for the achievement of developing contactless 2D unique finger impression innovations, which offer more sterile and distortion free procurement of unique finger impression features. Convolutional neural systems (CNN) have demonstrated comment capable capacities in biometrics acknowledgment. Be that as it may, there has been nearly nil endeavor to coordinate unique mark pictures utilizing CNN- based methodologies. This paper builds up a CNN- based system to precisely coordinate contactless and contact-based unique mark pictures. Our structure right off the bat prepares a multi-Siamese CNN utilizing unique finger impression details, individual edge guide and particular district of edge outline. Key Words: Biometric, samples.
Madiun Kampung Pesilat: Pencitraan untuk mengembangkan ekstrakurikuler Pencak Silat di Sekolah
Authors: Wibowo Bayu Krisna Mukti , Prakoso Bayu Budi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan ekstrakurikuler Pencak Silat di sekolah, dengan fokus pada peran terbentuknya Ikon Madiun Kampung Pesilat. Studi kualitatif ini dilakukan di SMAN 1 Dolopo, Kabupaten Madiun. Wawancara dilakukan kepada kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah bidang sarana dan prasarana, bidang kurikulum, bidang kesiswaan, pembina ekstrakurikuler, dan siswa yang aktif mengikuti ekstrakurikuler pencak silat. Pengumpulan data fokus pada aspek pembinaan, kondisi sarana dan prasarana, pengelolaan keuangan, prestasi pencak silat, minat siswa, dan pencapaian ekstrakurikuler. Analisis tematik dilakukan melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembinaan dilakukan secara optimal, ikon Madiun Kampung Pesilat direspons oleh sekolah, guru pendamping ekstrakurikuler, dan pelatih secara positif yang ditunjukkan dengan kerja sama yang baik. Kondisi sarana dan prasarana berhubungan dengan pengelolaan keuangan, sekolah berupaya untuk melakukan pengadaan dan pemeliharaan yang optimal. Prestasi yang diraih oleh atlet tercatat mulai dari tingkat kabupaten sampai keikutsertaannya dalam kegiatan internasional. Minat siswa mengikuti ekstrakurikuler semakin terdukung dengan adanya upaya pemenuhan sarana dan prasarana serta prestasi yang dicapai sehingga memunculkan motivasi untuk berkembang. Indikator ekstrakurikuler ditentukan secara realistis mulai dari penerimaan siswa sampai pada capaian prestasi yang direncanakan. Disimpulkan bahwa ikon Madiun Kampung Pesilat telah berhasil memainkan perannya sebagai pendorong untuk sekolah, guru, pelatih, dan siswa dalam mengembangkan ekstrakurikuler pencak silat untuk lebih baik lagi.
Latihan Drill Bola Gantung dan Handpad: Manakah yang lebih baik dalam meningkatkan kemampuan servis punggung kaki dalam Sepak Takraw?
Authors: Ulfa Ummu Amalia , Budi Didik Rilastiyo , Hidayat Rohman Amalia , Kusnandar Kusnandar , Nurcahyo Panuwun Joko
Published: August 2024

Permainan Sepak Takraw memerlukan latihan yang tepat dan terprogram, untuk menghasilkan servis yang akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan drill bola gantung dan drill handpad (Target) terhadap peningkatan kemampuan servis punggung kaki pada olahraga Sepak Takraw. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan two group pretest postest design. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik Total Sampling. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 18 atlet laki laki dengan umur 16-20 tahun. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes keterampilan service punggung kaki sepak takraw. Pengujian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan SPSS versi 26 dengan Uji asumsi klasik menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji paired sample t test dan uji independent sample t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa latihan drill bola gantung dan handpad mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan hasil servis punggung kaki Sepak Takraw dengan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0.000. Perbandingan hasil latihan drill bola gantung dan drill handpad menunjukkan bahwa latihan drill bola gantung lebih efisien dalam meningkatkan servis punggung kaki dibandingkan latihan drill handpad ditunjukan dengan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000. Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu metode latihan drill bola gantung dan drill handpad dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan teknik servis punggung kaki pada atlet sepak takraw, melalui penerapan program latihan yang tepat.
Pengaruh Akupresur dengan Murottal Ar-Rahman Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Dismenore pada Siswi SMP Negeri 2 Giriwoyo
Authors: Haniifah Nur Hasanah  , Winarni Winarni
Published: August 2024

Background: Dysmenorrhea, characterized by pain around the abdomen, waist, and lower back, arises due to increased prostaglandin hormone levels during menstruation. If left untreated, this pain will disrupt the daily activities and academic performance of adolescent girls. Management can be achieved through the use of acupressure and listening to the recitation of the Qur'an, both of which are safe and effective in alleviating pain, promoting relaxation, and obtaining the blessings of Allah SWT. The objectives of the research: This study aims to evaluate the impact of acupressure therapy with Ar-Rahman murottal on the reduction of dysmenorrheic pain in students of SMP Negeri 2 Giriwoyo Methods: This research employs a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group approach. The study sample consists of 36 respondents selected through a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test to compare the treatment and control groups. Results: he dysmenorrhea pain scale in the treatment group significantly decreased compared to the control group, with a P-value of 0.016 < α 0.05. Acupressure therapy combined with the recitation of Surah Ar-Rahman was effective in reducing dysmenorrhea pain in female students at SMP Negeri 2 Giriwoyo. Summary: This study concludes that acupressure therapy combined with the recitation of Surah Ar-Rahman can be an effective alternative for alleviating dysmenorrhea pain in adolescent girls.
Moč uma in telesa: telo kot politični prostor v desetletju po 1. svetovni vojni na Slovenskem
Authors:   Study Centre for National Reconciliation (Ljubljana, Slovenia), Bobič Pavlina
Published: August 2024

The article discusses ideals and perspectives of physicality in the period before and after the First World War, placing them in the context of contemporary attempts at comprehensively rebuilding lives after the war. In what ways did the principle of physicality change into a political landscape where different ideologies clashed and simultaneously revealed their views on spiritual and physical strength and on the ability for (moral) regeneration? The traditional iconography drew from a rich spiritual and secular heritage, shaping itself alongside notions of educational methods and the dangers of the period. Dilemmas within Sokol and Orel physical education content intertwined with political questions, and decades-long disagreement between both organisationsdeepened further during the civil conflict, exacerbating discord in the traditional camp during the Second World War.
Uji Efektivitas Infusa Daun Sereh (Cymbopogon ciratus) Sebagai Antipiretik pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diinduksi Vaksin DPT-H
Authors: Sawilan Frensiska , Sambou Christel N. , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Kanter Jabes W. , Untu Sonny D. , Montolalu Friska M.
Published: August 2024

Sereh (Cymbopogon ciratus) termasuk tanaman obat banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional, daun sereh secara empiris digunakan untuk menurukan demam. Kenaikan suhu tubuh diatas normal disebut demam yaitu 36-37ºC. Antipiretik merupakan obat yang dipergunakan dalam penurunan suhu tubuh ketika orang menderita demam. Tujuan penelitian dalam melihat efektivitas infusa daun sereh (Cymbopogon ciratus) untuk antipiretik kepada Rattus norvegicus (tikus putih jantan)diinduksi vaksin DPT-Hb. Pengujian mempergunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap. Pengujian ini terdapat 5 perlakuan yakni kontrol negatif (Na-CMC), Kontrol positif (Paracetamol) dan kelompok uji yaitu pemberian infusa daun sereh dosis 6,3 mg/200grBB, 12,6 mg/200grBB, dan 25,2 mg/200grBB. Pengukuran suhu dilaksanakan sebelum diberikan vaksin DPT-Hb dan sesudah diberikan vaksin DPT-Hb. Tikus putih jantan diinduksi vaksin DPT-Hb dengan dosis 0,2 mL secara intramuscular. Suhu rektal diukur selama 3 jam dengan interval waktu 30 menit. Data yang didapatkan di analisis dengan paired sample test lalu dengan pengujian ANOVA dan Uji HSD (Honestly Significant Difference). Hasil penelitian menunjukan pada uji efek antipiretik menunjukkan penurunan suhu pada menit ke-180 pada dosis 6,3 mg/200grBB mengalami penurunan sebanyak 0,64ºC, pada dosis 12,6 mg/grBB mengalami penurunan suhu sebanyak 0,9ºC sedangkan pada dosis 25,2 mg/200grBB mengalami penurunan sebanyak 1,07ºC.