bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modulating moderation: A history of objectionability in Twitter moderation practices
Authors: de Keulenaar Emillie , Magalhães João C. , Ganesh Bharath
Published: September 2022

With their power to shape public discourse under unprecedented scrutiny, social media platforms have revamped their speech control practices in recent years by building complex systems of content moderation. The contours of this tectonic shift are relatively clear. Yet, little work has systematically documented, examined, and theorized this process. This article uses digital methods and web history to trace the evolution of objectionable content on Twitter content moderation policies and practices between 2006 and 2022. Its conclusions suggest that, more than abandoning an Americanized view of freedom of speech, Twitter has aimed at a crisis-resistant speech architecture that can withstand external shocks, criticisms, and shifting speech norms. This kind of modulated moderation, as we term it, hinges on a form of normative plasticity, whose goal is not necessarily adjudicating content as more or less acceptable, but moderating it on the basis of evolving and ever contingent public conceptions of objectionability.
Dissolution of Kidney Stones; Nano and Micro Morphologies Developed
During Remelting
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Machuga Krishna S. , Prasad Himagowri , Mandal Kamdeo , Kelly Lisa , Arnold Bradley , Choa Fow-Sen , Cullum Brian , Austin Glenn , Singh N. B.
Published: September 2022

We have synthesized calcium oxide and calcium oxalate based
kidney stones and investigated remelting to understand the process
of dissolution. The dissolution morphology and remelting process in
water was observed for the pure and intensely impurity doped oxalateurate stones grown at lower pH to study effect of acidity, and pH
near actual pH of the stomach. Direct observation showed different
melting morphologies. We observed needles, plates, dendrites, and
lamella depending on the pH level and impurities. Remelting studies
indicated that during breaking of large polycrystalline bunched
stones grown at lower pH break into faceted small crystals which
dissolve into the solvent depending on the acidity pH and impurities.
High purity stones grown near stomach pH (6.4-7.5) tends to grow in
needles morphology which dissolve slowly and fragment into smaller
needles. A comparison was made with real kidney stones observed at
Herring laboratory and similarity was observed with impurity doped
stones. There was significant difference in decomposition of pure and
impurity doped stones. Thermal analysis (DTA) showed that sugar
doped oxides decompose continuously.
Case Study: How Langston University’s LINC Program Contributed to Diversity in the Next Generation of Chemists, Medical Personnel and other Highly Trained STEM Professionals
Authors: Coleman John K.
Published: September 2022

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, which measures labor market activity, predicts that STEM occupations are projected to grow 1.4 times faster than non-STEM occupations (10.5% STEM vs. 7.5% non-STEM) between 2020 and 2030 [1]. The STEM subset of Materials chemistry is projected to grow 6 percent from 2020 to 2030 [2]. According to Materials Today Chemistry, a multi-disciplinary journal focused on all aspects of materials chemistry, this area of chemistry is one of the fastest developing areas of science, covering the application of chemistry-based techniques to the study of materials-including materials synthesis and behavior, and the relationships between material structure and properties at the atomic and molecular scale. A diverse and capable workforce is vital to maintaining the nation's standard of excellence in STEM, according to the National Science Foundation (NSF) [3]. Despite the acknowledged criticality of participation by a diverse workforce, Black and Hispanic workers remain underrepresented in the STEM workforce, according to a Pew Research Center study [4].
Edukasi Gizi 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Ibu di Komunitas Kesehatan Keluarga
Authors: Dwijayanti Ira , Wulandari Catur , Mauhibah Farah Uma
Published: September 2022

Inadequate nutrient intake during the first 1000 days plays a role in increasing multiple nutritional problems and chronic diseases in the future. In addition, the quality of human resources will be hampered due to low cognitive abilities in the long term. The objective of this nutrition education is to increase the mother’s knowledge about the first 1000 days. The education was carried out using presentation and discussion. 121 respondents were members of the family health community. The education is held online once a week in November 2021. The material provided consists of 4 educational sessions, namely (1) Nutrition for pregnancy, (2) Nutrition for breastfeeding mother, (3) Nutrition for infant aged 6-24 months; and (4) The importance of appropriate complementary feeding. The measurement of knowledge was carried out using pre-test and post-test questionnaires. The result showed that 49 participants (40,5%) experienced an increase in knowledge which was indicated by higher score in post-test than pre-test. A total 47 participants (38,9%) had the same score before and after education. Howeverm there were 25 participants (20,6%) who had lower score of post-test than pre-test. An increase in nutritional knowledge is expected to increase the ability to meet the nutritional needs of 1000 HPK. This nutrition education can be continued with nutrition training to improve the ability to meet nutritional needs.
ABSTRAK
Asupan gizi yang tidak optimal pada masa 1000 HPK berperan meningkatkan beban masalah gizi ganda dan penyakit kronis di masa depan. Disamping itu, kualitas sumber daya manusia akan terhambat akibat rendahnya kemampuan kognitif pada jangka panjang. Kegiatan edukasi gizi ini  bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang 1000 HPK. Kegiatan dilakukan menggunakan metode edukasi ceramah dan diskusi. Peserta terdiri dari 121 orang yang merupakan anggota komunitas dan ikut aktif pada seluruh sesi edukasi. Edukasi dilaksanakan secara daring setiap satu minggu sekali pada Bulan November 2021. Materi yang diberikan terdiri dari 4 sesi edukasi yaitu (1) Asupan gizi optimal pada ibu hami; (2) Asupan gizi optimal ibu menyusui; (3) Asupan gizi optimal bayi usia 6-24 bulan; dan (4) Pemberian MP-ASI yang tepat. Pengukuran peningkatan pengetahuan dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner pre-test dan post-test. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 49 peserta (40,5%) mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai post-test lebih tinggi daripada nilai pre-test. Sejumlah 47 peserta (38,9%) memiliki nilai nilai yang sama sebelum dan sesudah edukasi. Namun, terdapat 25 peserta (20,6%) memiliki nilai post-test lebih rendah dibandingkan nilai pre-test. Adanya peningkatan pengetahuan gizi diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi pada 1000 HPK. Edukasi gizi ini diharapkan dapat dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan gizi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi.
Sosialisasi Lintas Sektor dalam Upaya Pencegahan Stunting di Kabupaten Mamuju
Authors: Najdah Najdah , Adam Adriyani , Nurliah Nurliah , Nurbaya Nurbaya
Published: September 2022

Efforts to improve the nutritional status of families are not only by improving the quality of health services but also need to be accompanied by efforts to empower families towards independence. In general, obstacles to implementing stunting prevention in Indonesia are caused by weak program coordination at various levels, both the regional and central levels. This activity aimed to conduct cross-sectoral socialization and increase public knowledge about efforts to prevent stinting in community empowerment. The main targets of this activity are stakeholders across sectors and mothers of children under five. The method used is socialization, lectures, and discussions as well as demonstrations of making local MP-ASI. Participants across sectors were enthusiastic in the discussion and question-and-answer process. Participants from mothers of toddlers were able to demonstrate the manufacture of local MP-ASI. Stunting consultations at the village level need to be encouraged so that stunting prevention efforts can be carried out in synergy.
ABSTRAK
Upaya meningkatkan status gizi keluarga tidak hanya dengan meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan, tetapi juga perlu dibarengi dengan upaya pemberdayaan keluarga menuju kemandirian. Secara umum kendala dalam penyelenggaraan pencegahan stunting di Indonesia diakibatkan oleh lemahnya koordinasi program di berbagai tingkat baik di daerah maupun di tingkat pusat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk melakukan sosialisasi lintas sektor dan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang upaya pencegahan stunting pemberdayaan masyarakat. Sasaran utama kegiatan ini para stakeholder lintas sektor dan ibu balita. Metode yang digunakan adalah sosialisasi, ceramah dan diskusi serta demonstrasi pembuatan MP-ASI lokal. Peserta lintas sektor antusias dalam proses diskusi dan tanya jawab. Peserta dari kalangan ibu balita mampu mendemonstrasikan pembuatan MP-ASI lokal. Rembuk stunting di tingkat desa perlu digalakkan agar upaya pencegahan stunting dapat dilakukan secara bersinergi.
Pemeriksaan Kesehatan Lansia pada Era Pandemik Covid-19 di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Provinsi Bengkulu
Authors: Lina Liza Fitri , Fredrika Larra , Angraini Wulan
Published: September 2022

The level of public health in Indonesia, especially the community is still relatively low, including the community or residents of the Wedha social tresna home, this is because there are still obstacles to carrying out physical health checks that are not strong enough, difficult access to health services. The purpose of this activity is to treat sick residents of the orphanage with curative therapy and can slightly reduce the cost of treatment for the residents of the orphanage. The method used to solve these health problems is to conduct a health examination and provide treatment. This is certainly inseparable from the demands and needs needed by the community, especially the residents of the orphanage. From the free health checks provided, many participated, especially the residents of the orphanage, both the elderly and nursing home staff, there were 57 people who had been given health checks, both cholesterol and blood sugar tests, with the results of an examination for cholesterol of 15.7% which had a score of 15.7%. which is not normal, 10.52% for blood sugar and 33.33% for uric acid. From the health checks carried out, many elderly people were able to take part in the activities, although there were also some that had to be done at their respective guesthouses, due to the limitations of the elderly to walk to the hall where the health checks were carried out.
ABSTRAK
Derajat kesehatan masyarakat  di Indonesia terutama masyarakat  masih tergolong rendah termasuk masyarakat atau penghuni panti sosial tresna Wedha, Hal tersebut diakibatkan karena masih adanya kendala lansia untuk melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan kendala fisik yang kurang kuat, sulitnya akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan dilaksanakan kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengobati warga panti yang sakit dengan terapi kuratif dan dapat sedikit meringankan biaya pengobatan warga panti. Metode yang digunakan untuk memecahkan permasalahan kesehatan tersebut adalah dengan mengadakan pemeriksaan kesehatan serta memberi pengobatan. Hal ini tentu tidak terlepas dari permintaan dan kebutuhan yang diperlukan di masyarakat khususnya warga panti. Dari kegiatan pemeriksaan kesehatan gratis yang diberikan, banyak yang mengikuti terutama warga panti baik lansia maupun petugas panti, terdapat 57 orang yang sudah diberikan pemeriksaan kesehatan, baik pemeriksaan kolesterol, asam urat, maupun gula darah sewaktu, dengan hasil pemeriksaan untuk kolesterol 15,7% yang mempunyai nilai yang tidak normal, 10,52% untuk Gula darah dan 33,33% untuk asam urat. Dari pemeriksaan kesehatan yang dilakukan banyak lansia yang bisa mengikuti kegiatan, walaupun ada beberapa juga yang harus dilakukan pemeriksaan ke wisma masing-masing, karena keterbatasan lansia untuk berjalan ke aula tempat pemeriksaan kesehatan yang dilakukan.
Layanan Pusat Pangan Serba Lima Ratus (Layangan Putus): Pemberdayaan Ibu Rumah Tangga Perum Griya Satria Brebes
Authors: Rahmawati Titi , Wulandari Hilda Kumala , Purwanti Yunika
Published: September 2022

Food processing skills are the ability of the average housewives in Griya Satria Housing. However, knowledge about the value of the Nutritional Adequacy Rate (AKG) is still low. The term of satiety on the breakfast menu is still an everyday habit. This condition influenced by the limited types and variations of breakfast menus in the environment around Perum Griya Satria. The layangan putus program aimed to increase the knowledge and appearance of environmentally friendly entrepreneurship; increase knowledge and skills in family and business financial management by utilizing applications; increase knowledge and skills in the processing of healthy breakfast foods. These activities carried out at Perum Griya Satria Brebes, Central Java. A total of 50 people were involved as participants. The form of this activity was counseling and training which was divided into two stages. The counseling method was delivered in the form of lectures and discussions while the training was carried out with food processing practices in the food laboratory. The pretest results showed an average score of 63.84 and there was an increase in the post-test score to 85.25. This showed an increase in the score of 21.41 points. Assistance and training in healthy food processing is very important for nutritional adequacy, especially in breakfast intake.
 
ABSTRAK
Keahlian pengolahan pangan merupakan kemampuan rata-rata ibu rumah tangga di Perumahan Griya Satria. Namun pengetahuan tentang nilai Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) masih sangat rendah. Istilah yang penting kenyang pada menu sarapannya masih menjadi kebiasaan setiap hari, kondisi tersebut juga dipengaruhi oleh terbatasnya jenis dan variasi menu sarapan di lingkungan sekitar Perum Griya Satria. Program layangan putus bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kewirausahaan ramah lingkungan; meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan manajemen keuangan keluarga dan usaha dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi; meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam pengolahan panganan sarapan yang sehat. Kegiatan abdimas dilaksanakan di Perum Griya Satria Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Sebanyak 35 orang terlibat sebagai peserta. Bentuk kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan dan pelatihan yang terbagi dalam dua tahap. Metode penyuluhan disampaikan dalam bentuk ceramah dan diskusi sedangkan pelatihan dilakukan dengan praktik pengolahan pangan di laboratorium pangan. Hasil pre-test menunjukkan rerata skor sebanyak 63,84 dan terjadi peningkatan skor post-test menjadi 85,25. Hal tersebut menunjukkan peningkatan skor sebanyak 21,41 poin. Pendampingan dan pelatihan pengolahan panganan sehat sangat penting bagi ketercukupan gizi terutama pada asupan sarapan.
The views of farm animal veterinarians about their roles and responsibilities associated with on-farm end-of-life situations
Authors: Deelen Ellen , Meijboom Franck L. B. , Tobias Tijs J. , Koster Ferry , Hesselink Jan-Willem , Rodenburg T. Bas
Published: September 2022

Farm animal veterinarians are often involved in on-farm end-of-life (EoL) decisions and questions concerning euthanasia. These decisions can be challenging for the veterinarian, particularly if the interests of the animal and owner conflict. Moreover, the challenge is related to fundamental assumptions about roles and responsibilities veterinarians ascribe to themselves in EoL situations. Getting insight into what roles and responsibilities veterinarians perceive in these situations is important to understand the challenges veterinarians face and to explore ways to enable them to manage such situations. Existing literature and professional guidelines do not provide sufficient clarity and guidance in terms of the role conception and responsibilities of veterinarians in on-farm EoL situations. The objective of the current qualitative study was to better understand the views of farm animal veterinarians in the Netherlands regarding their roles and responsibilities associated with on-farm EoL situations. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 farm animal veterinarians. In terms of roles in EoL situations, our analysis shows that 1) seven roles can be distinguished based on the interviews, 2) two contextual dimensions influence role perception: a) the stage in which a veterinarian gets involved at the end of an animal’s life and b) the question of whose interests should be taken into consideration and how to prioritize (conflicting) interests by a veterinarian, 3) veterinarians enact a number of the identified roles and the combination of roles varies between individuals and 4) the individual veterinarian changes between roles depending on contextual aspects. In terms of responsibilities in EoL situations, analyses show that 1) individual veterinarians perceive a combination of five identified responsibilities, and 2) the perception of responsibilities relates predominantly to specific animal sectors. This insight into the roles and responsibility perceptions of veterinarians facilitates understanding the challenges veterinarians face in on-farm EoL situations and creates a starting point for how veterinarians can be supported to deal with potential conflicts of interest. These insights could also be valuable in the training of future veterinarians and lifelong learning of veterinarians as it provides a starting point to reflect on, and discuss, one’s role and responsibility in EoL situations.
Combined analysis of finite element model and audiometry provides insights into the pathogenesis of conductive hearing loss
Authors: Hirabayashi Motoki , Kurihara Sho , Ito Ryuya , Kurashina Yuta , Motegi Masaomi , Okano Hirotaka James , Yamamoto Yutaka , Kojima Hiromi , Asakura Takumi
Published: September 2022

The middle ear transmits sound to the inner ear via vibrations in the eardrum and ossicles, and damage to the middle ear results in conductive hearing loss. Although conductive hearing loss can be corrected by surgery, the currently available clinical investigations cannot always diagnose the ossicular chain pathology underlying the conductive hearing loss, and even intraoperative findings can be equivocal. Acoustic analysis using finite element models (FEMs) can simulate the sound pressure change at an arbitrary site for each frequency. FEMs are used in acoustic engineering to simulate the frequency-dependent sound pressure distribution at discrete cells in a simulated model and analyze the effects of specific parameters on the audiogram. However, few reports have compared the numerical results obtained using FEMs with data from clinical cases. We used FEMs to simulate audiograms of the air-bone gap (ABG) for various ossicular chain defects and compared these with preoperative audiograms obtained from 44 patients with a normal tympanic membrane who had otosclerosis, middle ear malformations or traumatic ossicular disruption. The simulated audiograms for otosclerosis and attic fixation of the malleus-incus complex both exhibited an up-slope but could be distinguished from each other based on the ABG at 1000 Hz. The simulated audiogram for incudostapedial joint discontinuity exhibited a peak at around 750 Hz and a down-slope above 1000 Hz. In general, the simulated audiograms for otosclerosis, attic fixation and incudostapedial joint discontinuity were consistent with those obtained from clinical cases. Additional simulations indicated that changes in ossicular mass had relatively small effects on ABG. Furthermore, analyses of combination pathologies suggested that the effects of one defect on ABG were added to those of the other defect. These FEM-based findings provide insights into the pathogenesis of conductive hearing loss due to otosclerosis, middle ear malformations and traumatic injury.
Evaluating the adsorption performance of functional building material with HCHO remover
Authors: Jung Chuloh , Alqassimi Nahla , El Samanoudy Gamal
Published: September 2022

Dubai Municipality is making significant efforts to reduce the concentration of chemical substances in major buildings via Green Building Regulations & Specifications. However, it has limitations to the problem because it simply regulates the indoor air concentration of some harmful substances from building materials. The functional building materials capable of adsorbing and decomposing indoor pollutants such as Formaldehyde (HCHO) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are gradually spreading. This paper aims to evaluate the performance of functional building materials and analyze the effect of improving the indoor air environment. As a methodology, the investigation was done to research trends and standards for functional building standards. 20 L small chamber experiment was performed for wallpaper with 0%, 5%, 7%, 10%, and 15% of the ethylene urea (C5H10N2O3), HCHO remover. The result showed standard wallpaper’s adsorption rate on the seventh day was 6.21%. The formaldehyde remover adsorption rate for 7 days was 50.43% when formaldehyde remover was added at a 5 wt% (weight percentage); 60.21% when it was added at 7 wt%; 63.45% when it was added at 10 wt%; and 73.58% when it was added at 15 wt%. The adsorption rate on the seventh day with 7 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% HCHO remover showed a 60% or more (IS O 16000-24 standard). However, wallpaper with 15 wt%, displayed the highest value, was 5.736 μg/m2, which did not satisfy the IS O 16000-24 standard (6.000 μg/m2). It was statistically proven when the amount of the HCHO remover is increased; the adsorption performance is improved in proportion to the amount added. This study will serve as primary data to prepare UAE standards for the functional building materials with adsorption and decomposition performance of harmful chemicals, moisture absorption and moisture-proof performance, and antibacterial/anti-fungal performance.
Extracellular vesicles in cardiac repair and regeneration: Beyond stem-cell-based approaches
Authors: Femminò Saveria , Bonelli Filippo , Brizzi Maria Felice
Published: September 2022

The adult human heart poorly regenerate after injury due to the low self-renewal capability retained by adult cardiomyocytes. In the last two decades, several clinical studies have reported the ability of stem cells to induce cardiac regeneration. However, low cell integration and survival into the tissue has limited stem-cell-based clinical approaches. More recently, the release of paracrine mediators including extracellular vesicles (EV) has been recognized as the most relevant mechanism driving benefits upon cell-based therapy. In particular, EV have emerged as key mediators of cardiac repair after damage, in terms of reduction of apoptosis, resolution of inflammation and new blood vessel formation. Herein, mechanisms involved in cardiac damage and regeneration, and current applications of EV and their small non-coding RNAs (miRNAs) in regenerative medicine are discussed.
Structural insights into Plasmodium PPIases
Authors: Rajan Sreekanth , Yoon Ho Sup
Published: September 2022

Malaria is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases posing a serious challenge over the years, mainly owing to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, sparking a need to explore and identify novel protein targets. It is a well-known practice to adopt a chemo-genomics approach towards identifying targets for known drugs, which can unravel a novel mechanism of action to aid in better drug targeting proficiency. Immunosuppressive drugs cyclosporin A, FK506 and rapamycin, were demonstrated to inhibit the growth of the malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases), comprising cylcophilins and FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs), the specific target of these drugs, were identified in the Plasmodium parasite and proposed as an antimalarial drug target. We previously attempted to decipher the structure of these proteins and target them with non-immunosuppressive drugs, predominantly on FKBP35. This review summarizes the structural insights on Plasmodium PPIases, their inhibitor complexes and perspectives on drug discovery.
Implications of m6A methylation and microbiota interaction in non-small cell lung cancer: From basics to therapeutics
Authors: Qiu Fen-Sheng , He Jia-Qi , Zhong Yu-Sen , Guo Mei-Ying , Yu Chen-Huan
Published: September 2022

N6-methyladenine (m6A) is one of the most common RNA epigenetic modifications in all higher eukaryotes. Increasing evidence demonstrated that m6A-related proteins, acted as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, are abnormally expressed in the cell lines and tissues of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition, lung as the special immune organ contacts with the outer environments and thereby inevitably suffers from different types of microbial pathogen attack. Those microbial pathogens affect the development, progression, and clinical outcomes of NSCLC via altering host m6A modification to disrupt pulmonary immune homeostasis and increase the susceptibility; conversely, host cells modulate m6A modification to repress bacterial colonization. Therefore, m6A harbors the potential to be the novel biomarkers and targets for predicting poor prognosis and chemotherapy sensitivity of patients with lung cancer. In this paper, we provided an overview of the biological properties of m6A-modifying enzymes, and the mechanistic links among lung microbiota, m6A modification and NSCLC. Although the flood of novel m6A-related inhibitors represents many dramatic improvements in NSCLC therapy, their efficacy and toxicity in NSCLC are explored to address these pivotal gaps in the field.
Perceptions of compliance in recreational fisheries: Case study of the Peel-Harvey blue swimmer crab fishery
Authors: Lindley Jade , Quinn Liam
Published: September 2022

Effective recreational fisheries management requires a balance between fisher enjoyment and compliance with regulations and fisher perceptions can be useful to understand whether the balance is right. Our study collected fisher insights via an online perceptions survey into compliance within the recreational shore-based Peel-Harvey blue swimmer crab fishery in Western Australia. Overwhelmingly, participants self-reported as complying with regulations; a positive finding for a licence-free fishery. Further, to enable increased quantity and size of available stock and thus overall enjoyment of the fishery, survey participants suggested longer fishery closure periods; harsher noncompliance penalties; more natural and physical surveillance; and greater educational signage in popular fishing areas. These insights challenge existing literature whereby tough regulations are often rejected by fishers and may lead to noncompliance. In a view to achieve a shared goal of a sustainable fishery, we explore survey perceptions against situational crime prevention to optimize compliance, embracing regulator-led ‘cooperative compliance’ outcomes. Our results are useful not only to this fishery but apply more broadly to other fisheries within and beyond Western Australia.
Leading the way–Understanding women’s university leadership during crisis through a feminist educational leadership lens
Authors: Schiffecker Sarah , McNaughtan Jon
Published: September 2022

Crisis leadership in higher education has received scholarly attention before COVID-19, yet found itself even more in the focus of global leadership research since 2020. This article employs the theoretical framework of Feminist Educational Leadership (FEL) to better understand the crisis leadership of five women university presidents from three different continents and five different countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through content analysis, the researchers identified themes related to the four components of FEL (concerns for social justice and equity for all stakeholders, empowerment of all stakeholders, establishment of a sentiment of caring, and fighting existing injustices) in the presidents’ qualitative interviews for a larger project on university presidential leadership during COVID-19. The findings show that women university presidents employ FEL in order to successfully lead their institutions through crises.
Exploration of the core protein network under endometriosis symptomatology using a computational approach
Authors: El Idrissi Fatima , Fruchart Mathilde , Belarbi Karim , Lamer Antoine , Dubois-Deruy Emilie , Lemdani Mohamed , N’Guessan Assi L. , Guinhouya Benjamin C. , Zitouni Djamel
Published: September 2022

Background

Endometriosis is defined by implantation and invasive growth of endometrial tissue in extra-uterine locations causing heterogeneous symptoms, and a unique clinical picture for each patient. Understanding the complex biological mechanisms underlying these symptoms and the protein networks involved may be useful for early diagnosis and identification of pharmacological targets.

Methods

In the present study, we combined three approaches (i) a text-mining analysis to perform a systematic search of proteins over existing literature, (ii) a functional enrichment analysis to identify the biological pathways in which proteins are most involved, and (iii) a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network to identify which proteins modulate the most strongly the symptomatology of endometriosis.

Results

Two hundred seventy-eight proteins associated with endometriosis symptomatology in the scientific literature were extracted. Thirty-five proteins were selected according to degree and betweenness scores criteria. The most enriched biological pathways associated with these symptoms were (i) Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling (p = 1.11 x 10-16), (ii) Signaling by Interleukins (p = 1.11 x 10-16), (iii) Cytokine signaling in Immune system (p = 1.11 x 10-16), and (iv) Interleukin-10 signaling (p = 5.66 x 10-15).

Conclusion

Our study identified some key proteins with the ability to modulate endometriosis symptomatology. Our findings indicate that both pro- and anti-inflammatory biological pathways may play important roles in the symptomatology of endometriosis. This approach represents a genuine systemic method that may complement traditional experimental studies. The current data can be used to identify promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and potential therapeutic targets.
CRHR1 mediates the transcriptional expression of pituitary hormones and their receptors under hypoxia
Authors: Wang Tong Ying , Xia Fang Yuan , Gong Jing Wen , Xu Xiao Kang , Lv Min Chao , Chatoo Mahanand , Shamsi Bilal Haider , Zhang Meng Chen , Liu Qian Ru , Liu Tian Xing , Zhang Dan Dan , Lu Xin Jiang , Zhao Yang , Du Ji Zeng , Chen Xue Qun
Published: September 2022

Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays critical roles in stress responses under challenging conditions such as hypoxia, via regulating gene expression and integrating activities of hypothalamus-pituitary-targets cells. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways of hypoxic stress in the pituitary remain to be defined. Here, we report that hypoxia induced dynamic changes in the transcription factors, hormones, and their receptors in the adult rat pituitary. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), oxidative phosphorylation, and cAMP signaling pathways were all differentially enriched in genes induced by hypoxic stress. In the pituitary gene network, hypoxia activated c-Fos and HIFs with specific pituitary transcription factors (Prop1), targeting the promoters of hormones and their receptors. HIF and its related signaling pathways can be a promising biomarker during acute or constant hypoxia. Hypoxia stimulated the transcription of marker genes for microglia, chemokines, and cytokine receptors of the inflammatory response. Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) mediated the transcription of Pomc, Sstr2, and Hif2a, and regulated the function of HPA axis. Together with HIF, c-Fos initiated and modulated dynamic changes in the transcription of hormones and their receptors. The receptors were also implicated in the regulation of functions of target cells in the pituitary network under hypoxic stress. CRHR1 played an integrative role in the hypothalamus-pituitary-target axes. This study provides new evidence for CRHR1 involved changes of hormones, receptors, signaling molecules and pathways in the pituitary induced by hypoxia.
Connexin 43 (Cx43) regulates high-glucose-induced retinal endothelial cell angiogenesis and retinal neovascularization
Authors: Shi Wen , Meng Zhishang , Luo Jing
Published: September 2022

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important microvascular complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and a major cause of blindness. Retinal neovascularization plays a critical role in the proliferative DR. In this study, high glucose-induced connexin 43 (Cx43) expression in human retinal endothelial cells (hRECs) in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with hRECs under normal culture conditions, high-glucose (HG)-stimulated hRECs showed promoted tubule formation, increased ROS release, and elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the culture medium. HG-induced alterations were further magnified after Cx43 overexpression, whereas partially eliminated after Cx43 knockdown. Finally, in the DR mouse model, impaired retinal structure, increased CD31 expression, and elevated mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, VEGFA, and ICAM-1 were observed; in-vivo Cx43 knockdown partially reversed these phenomena. Conclusively, Cx43 knockdown could inhibit hREC angiogenesis, therefore improving DR in the mouse model.
Cardiovascular and renal burdens among patients with MAFLD and NAFLD in China
Authors: Wang Yuying , Yu Yuetian , Zhang Haojie , Chen Chi , Wan Heng , Chen Yi , Xia Fangzhen , Yu Shiyan , Wang Ningjian , Ye Lin , Lu Yingli
Published: September 2022

Background/Purpose

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) was proposed as a new definition to put emphasis on the metabolic aspects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aim to compare the cardiovascular and renal burden between MAFLD and NAFLD patients.

Methods

12183 participants were enrolled in East China. The cardiovascular burden (Framingham risk score and previous cardiovascular diseases (CVD)) and renal burden (eGFR and chronic kidney disease (CKD)) were measured.

Results

The risk of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, overweight/obesity, and central obesity of MAFLD patients were higher than those of NAFLD. Patients with MAFLD have a similar or higher beta coefficients in Framingham risk score [beta (95%CI): male 0.062 (0.055,0.069) vs 0.041 (0.033,0.048); female 0.014 (0.012,0.016) vs 0.012 (0.01,0.014)], and higher odds ratio in previous CVD [odds ratio (95%CI): male 1.50 (1.22,1.85) vs 1.35 (1.1,1.66); female 1.58 (1.33,1.87) vs 1.45 (1.22,1.72)], compared with those with NAFLD. However, compared with males with MAFLD, the odds ratio of CKD was higher in those with NAFLD [eGFR: -2.731 (-3.422, -2.041) vs-3.578 (-4.268, -2.887). CKD: 1.44 (1.05,1.96) vs 1.56 (1.14,2.12)]. In female, CKD was only marginally associated with NAFLD [0.8 (0.62,1.02), P=0.075], but not MAFLD [0.87 (0.68,1.11), P=0.268].

Conclusions

Patients with MAFLD have a similar or higher risk of future and previous CVD compared with those with NAFLD, but the risk of CKD was higher in male with NAFLD.
Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation
Authors: Khrystoforova Iryna , Shochat-Carvalho Chen , Harari Ram , Henke Katrin , Woronowicz Katherine , Harris Matthew P. , Karasik David
Published: September 2022

Low-density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 5 (LRP5) functions as a co-receptor for Wnt ligands, controlling expression of genes involved in osteogenesis. In humans, loss-of-function mutations in LRP5 cause Osteoporosis-Pseudoglioma syndrome, a low bone mass disorder, while gain-of-function missense mutations have been observed in individuals with high bone mass. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model for human disease research, as genetic determinants that control bone formation are generally conserved between zebrafish and mammals. We generated lrp5- knock-out zebrafish to study its role in skeletogenesis and homeostasis. Loss of lrp5 in zebrafish leads to craniofacial deformities and low bone mineral density (total body and head) at adult ages. To understand the mechanism and consequences of the observed phenotypes, we performed transcriptome analysis of the cranium of adult lrp5 mutants and siblings. Enrichment analysis revealed upregulation of genes significantly associated with hydrolase activity: mmp9, mmp13a, acp5a. acp5a encodes Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) which is commonly used as an osteoclast marker, while Matrix metalloprotease 9, Mmp9, is known to be secreted by osteoclasts and stimulate bone resorption. These genes point to changes in osteoclast differentiation regulated by lrp5. To analyze these changes functionally, we assessed osteoclast dynamics in mutants and observed increased TRAP staining, significantly larger resorption areas, and developmental skeletal dysmorphologies in the mutant, suggesting higher resorptive activity in the absence of Lrp5 signaling. Our findings support a conserved role of Lrp5 in maintaining bone mineral density and revealed unexpected insights into the function of Lrp5 in bone homeostasis through moderation of osteoclast function.
Design and optimization of a modular wireless power system based on multiple transmitters and multiple receivers architecture
Authors: Liu Jingying , Min Yao , Gao Jian , Yang Aixi , Zhou Jing
Published: September 2022

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology has been applied to electric vehicles (EVs), for its convenience, safety, and high reliability. However, for the traditional single-transmitter-single-receiver WPT system, due to its uneven electromagnetic field distribution, the power transfer capability and the anti-offset performance are always insufficient. The multi-transmitter-multi-receiver (MTMR) WPT system based on modular inverters with coils can not only improve the transmission power of the system but also boost the system’s anti-offset ability due to its more uniform magnetic field distribution. In this study, the topology and transmission characteristics of the MTMR WPT system are discussed accordingly: 1) A decoupling method of transmitting coil based on capacitance compensation is proposed, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to derive the optimal design scheme of magnetic coupling coil. 2) A phase-shifting control strategy is proposed to realize the phase synchronization and current sharing control of coil current at each transmitter. Finally, the simulation and experimental results show that the modular wireless power transfer system with multiple transmitters and multiple receivers has strong power transmission capability and anti-offset performance.
Economic dispatch using modified bat algorithm
Authors: Yang Wenqiang , Li Ran , Yuan Ying , Mou Xiaolin
Published: September 2022

Due to the frequent opening and shutting of turbine valves in the power system, valve point effect (VPE) that makes the economic dispatching (ED) problem non-linear, non-smooth and non-convex may be generated. Moreover, various constraints appear in the operation process, such as network transmission loss, and power balance during unit operation, which make it more difficult to find the global optimum through traditional mathematical methods. Nowadays, intelligent algorithms have successfully become a useful optimization tool to deal with nonlinear problems. In this paper, an improved bat algorithm (IBA), into which random black hole strategy and Gaussian mutation are introduced, is proposed to solve the ED problem. Furthermore, the random black hole strategy can enhance the diversity of the population and improve the convergence speed of IBA. Gaussian mutation is adopted to help jumping out of the local optimum. IBA is tested in 50 and 100 dimensions on 10 sets of well-known benchmark functions respectively, and compared with the methods in literature to verify its feasibility. Then, three different scales economic dispatching problems (3 units, 13 units, 40 units) are solved by this method, which further proves its effectiveness. The results show that IBA has obvious advantages and practical application value compared with other optimization methods.
Nonlinear Effect of Digital Economy on Carbon Emission Intensity—Based on Dynamic Panel Threshold Model
Authors: Wu Runjie , Hua Xin , Peng Lin , Liao Yiyi , Yuan Yuan
Published: September 2022

Under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, it is vital to study the impact of digital economy on carbon emission reduction. Based on a provincial panel data from 2013 to 2019, this paper establishes a dynamic panel model, a dynamic spatial autoregressive model, and a dynamic threshold model to study the impact of digital economy on carbon emission intensity. Our findings show that digital economy has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emission intensity. Results of regional heterogeneity show that the central region can transform the impact of digital economy on carbon emission reduction more efficiently. After adding the time lag term of carbon emission intensity, the impact coefficient of digital economy is still significant. Carbon emission intensity has obvious spatial effect, and the carbon emission of adjacent areas will significantly inhibit local carbon emission reduction activities. Under the threshold of innovation and environmental regulation, the emission reduction effect of digital economy is different. For regions with low technological level, digital economy is difficult to give full scope to its emission reduction advantages. At the same time, stricter environmental regulations can cooperate with digital economy to accelerate regional carbon emission reduction. Therefore, China should continue to improve the construction of digital infrastructure and promote the reform and innovation of enterprise digital technology in order to release the carbon emission reduction effect of digital economy.
The relationship between policy adjustment of SO2 emissions charge standard and the growth of green total factor productivity—Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Pei , Huang Wei-Chiao , Chen Zhongwei , Wang Shujuan , Ren Tonglian
Published: September 2022

Evaluating the impact of environmental pollution charge system reform is necessary to help formulate a suitable policy to achieve a goal of emission control. The paper examines the relationship between policy adjustment of SO2 emissions charge standard (PSC) and urban growth of green total factor productivity (GGTFP) using a natural experiment data of 280 cities in China. The results indicated that the improvement of SO2 emissions charge standard can reduce emission and promote the GGTFP. Furthermore, it reveals an “N” relationship between the policy time period and the GGTFP, and an “Inverted-U” relationship between policy intensity and the GGTFP. The results imply that there is some policy room for policy makers to set a shadow price of pollution charge to maximize policy effect, and it is also important to consider the policy effect in the implementation time and intensity to maximize the policy effect and resource efficiency for the GGTFP and sustainable development.
An autophagy-associated lncRNAs model for predicting the survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Hu Jing , Zhang Pei-Jin , Zhang Di , Chen Zhao-Hui , Cao Xu-Chen , Yu Yue , Ge Jie
Published: September 2022

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can influence the proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). LncRNAs also emerge as valuable prognostic factors for NSCLC patients. Consequently, we set out to discover more autophagy-associated lncRNAs. We acquired autophagy-associated genes and information on lncRNAs from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA), and the Human Autophagy Database (HADb). Then, the prognostic prediction signature was constructed through using co-expression and Cox regression analysis. The signature was constructed including 7 autophagy-associated lncRNAs (ABALON, NKILA, LINC00941, AL161431.1, AL691432.2, AC020765.2, MMP2-AS1). After that, we used univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to calculate the risk score. The survival analysis and ROC curve analysis confirmed good performances of the signature. GSEA indicated that the high-risk group was principally enriched in the adherens junction pathway. In addition, biological experiments showed that ABALON promoted the proliferation, metastasis and autophagy levels of NSCLC cells. These findings demonstrate that the risk signature consisting of 7 autophagy-associated lncRNAs accurately predicts the prognosis of NSCLC patients and should be investigated for potential therapeutic targets in clinic.
Identifying LATS2 as a prognostic biomarker relevant to immune infiltrates in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Minqi , Liao Guoran , Wang Yuxuan , Mo Junxian , Yi Dunbo , Zhang Yuhong , Xian Lei
Published: September 2022

According to the TIMER database, large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2) is differentially expressed in various tumors. However, the correlation between LATS2 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the association between LATS2 and immune infiltration in ESCC remain unclear. Our synthetic research on LATS2 in ESCC revealed that the expression was low in esophageal squamous epithelium tissues, revealing the pernicious and adverse prognosis of ESCC. The Kaplan–Meier survival investigation pointed out that low LATS2 expression would result in an adverse prognosis. Biological investigation indicated that LATS2 was engaged in cell migration, adhesion, and junction. To further explore the relationship between LATS2 and tumor immunity, we utilized CIBERSORT to assess immune infiltration. The findings revealed that specimens with lower LATS2 expression showed higher immune infiltration, including T-cell follicular helper cells, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, and myeloid dendritic cell resting. An association investigation indicated that LATS2 was negatively relevant to immune checkpoints that restrain operative antitumor immune reactions. We also conducted immunohistochemical staining to explore the link between LATS2 expression and immunophenotype. The indicated association between low LATS2 expression and an immunophenotype is conducive to our understanding of ESCC mini-environments and might offer new indications for enhancing new therapeutic targets.