bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kompetensi Guru PAUD dalam PJJ melalui Pelatihan Pendekatan STEAM pada Masa Covid-19
Authors: Komala Komala , Rohmalina Rohmalina
Published: March 2021

Guru perlu memiliki kompetensi dalam memilih dan menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang tepat untuk menyampaikan materi secara jarak jauh. Mengingat pentingnya peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) maka perlu adanya pelatihan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) melalui pelatihan pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis STEAM kepada guru-guru PAUD pada Masa Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan mengenai peningkatan kompetensi guru melalui pelatihan pendekatan STEAM pada guru anak usia dini. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa rata-rata peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam PJJ sebelum pembelajaran tidak berbeda secara signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kontrol.
Permainan Pangkak Igik Karet Sebagai Media Berhitung
Authors: Yopa Yopa , Narasiska Devi , Nadia Nadia , Putra Yudi Yunika
Published: March 2021

Permasalahan yang terjadi saat ini adalah kurangnya minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika sehingga kemampuan berhitung siswa cenderung lemah. Oleh karena itu, penulisan ini perlu dilakukan untuk dijadikan bahan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berhitung siswa melalui media berhitung yang di dalamnya terdapat permainan.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  menggambarkan peran permainan pangkak igik karet sebagai media berhitung. Tetapi dalam kajian literatur ini tidak didapatkan data tentang permainan pangkak igik karet sehingga menggunakan data penelitian tentang permainan sebagai media berhitung. Tinjauan literatur (literature review) dipilih sebagai metode dalam penelitian ini dengan prosedur systematic review. Pengumpulan data berupa data sekunder berupa hasil penelitian yang telah diterbitkan dalam Online Journal System (OJS) dan buku yang relevan dengan kajian dengan jumlah 37 referensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) permainan pangkak igik karet dapat diasumsikan sebagai media belajar untuk membangun konsep berhitung siswa, (2) bagi siswa yang sudah mengenal konsep berhitung, permainan pangkak igik karet dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berhitung siswa, (3) permainan pangkak igik karet menyediakan lingkungan belajar yang menyenangkan yang dapat memotivasi siswa, dan (4) permainan pangkak igik karet sebagai media pembelajaran  dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif siswa sehingga efektif diterapkan pada mata pelajaran matematika.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Berbasis Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Teams Achievement Divissions (STAD) Pada Materi Statistika Kelas VIII
Authors: Bhoke Wilibaldus - , Tali Wangge Maria Carmelita , Soge Maria Rofina
Published: March 2021

Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Penelitian pengembangan ialah penelitian yang berguna untuk menghasilkan produk tertentu. Produk yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini berupa Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Berbasis Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Teams Achievement Divissions (STAD) pada Materi Statistika Kelas VIII SMPN 05 Golewa prosedur LKS ini disesuaikan dengan sintaks dari model pembelajaran tersebut. Prosedur pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu prosedur pengembangan model ADDIE yang terdiri atas lima langkah. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMPN 05 Golewa, yang berjumlah 5 orang dengan alasan adanya virus corona (COVID 19). Dalam penelitian ini, instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan pedoman wawancara atau interview, Lembar penilaian LKS (Lembar Kerja Siswa) dan angket. Setelah data dikumpulkan, selanjutnya data dianalisis yang diperoleh dari angket penilaian validator, siswa dan guru. Data yang diperoleh untuk menguji kevalidan produk yakni dari ahli materi mendapat persentase sebesar 95% sedangkan dari ahli desain mendapatkan persentase 80% yang berarti poduk ini layak untuk digunakan. Sedangkan untuk menguji kepraktisan produk dari angket respon guru mendapat skor sebesar 4,7 dan angket respon siwa mendapat skor sebesar 4,7. Dari hasil yang telah diperoleh tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk Lembar Kerja Siswa ini layak digunakan
Gambaran Kebugaran Jasmani Anak Usia Dini pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Ulpi Wahyuni , Hakim Nurwahidin , Kadir Abdul , Pajarianto Hadi , Rahmatia Rahmatia
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini menganalisa gambaran kebugaran jasmani anak pada masa pandemi.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran kebugaran jasmani anak usia dini pada masa pandemi covid-19. Metode yang digunakan jenis kualitiatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan keabsahan datanya menggunakan triangulasi. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 3 informan orang tua dengan total orang. Kriteria sebagai berikut (1) memiliki anak usia 2-6 tahun. (2) laki-laki dan perempuan (3) tinggal bersama orang tua. Hasil penelitian informan(1)(4)(5)(6) menjaga kebugaran jasmani anak pada masa pandemi sedangkan informan(2) (3) tidak melakukan aktivitas untuk mencegah penularan COVID-19 dan kebugaran jasmani anak.
Keterlibatan Orang Tua dalam Penerapan Nilai-nilai Luhur Pendidikan Karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara
Authors: Apriliyanti Fressi , Hanurawan Fattah , Sobri Ahmad Yusuf
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan keterlibatan orangtua dalam  penerapan nilai-nilai luhur pendidikan karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara di PAUD. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kualitatif studi kasus. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah tematik analisis. Derajat keterpercayaan dalam penelitian ini dicapai dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bentuk keterlibatan orang tua antara lain paguyuban orang tua, komunikasi terbuka antara orang tua dan guru, kunjungan ke rumah, penjadwalan orang tua mengajar di kelas serta pendampingan anak di rumah.  Diperoleh pula temuan mengenai hambatan yang dialami dalam pelibatan orang tua dalam penerapan pendidikan karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Penelitian ini memberikan beberapa rekomendasi untuk penelitian selanjutnya di masa mendatang
Interaction between culture filtrates of Fusarium culmorum isolates and some root lesion nematodes
Authors: GÖZE ÖZDEMİR Fatma Gül , YAŞAR Bülent , ARICI Şerife Evrim
Published: March 2021

This study was conducted with root lesion nematodes Pratylenchus penetrans, P. thornei and P. neglectus and three isolates of Fusarium culmorum culture filtrates (ISP, B4, FC5) in vitro conditions. The culture filtrates were diluted 1/0,1/10, 1/20, 1/30, 1/40, 1/50, 1/60, 1/70, 1/80, 90, 1/100 in 1.5 ml microtubes, 250 µl of root lesion nematodes adult+larvae were placed in each microtubes that containing different concentrations of culture filtrate with 50 μl of purified water together with micropipette and incubated at 25±1°C. Nematode mortality were determined after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. As a result, The mortality effect of culture filtrate of FC5 isolates was determined to be high on three lesion nematode species. Fusarium culmorum culture filtrates of B4 and ISP isolates caused more deaths on P. penetrans than P.thornei and P. neglectus. It has been found to mortality rate increase over time in vitro. The lowest mortality rates were generally found at concentrations of culture filtrates of 1/100 and 1/90, while the highest mortality rates were found at concentrations of 1/0 and 1/10. No difference on P. thornei mortality was detected between the three isolates of F. culmorum culture filtrate at each diluted concentration. In the study, the antagonistic relationship between culture filtrates from F. culmorum isolates and root lesion nematodes were determined in vitro conditions.
A biomonitoring study: Using the biomarkers in Cyprinus carpio for the evaluation of water pollution in Sapanca lake (Sakarya, Turkey)
Authors: KAYMAK Güllü , KAYHAN Figen Esin , YÖN ERTUĞ Nazan Deniz
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the toxic effects of heavy metal pollution on carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Sapanca Lake by biochemical and histological analyses. For this reason, fish and water samples were taken from the lake in 2015. Heavy metal (Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd) analyzes in the water column and tissues (muscle, liver, gill) were determined by ICP-OES. CAT, GSH and MDA levels, which are oxidative stress bioindicators in tissues, were measured by spectrophotometric methods. Histopathological findings in tissues were determined by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. As a result, heavy metal concentrations in water were determined as Fe > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd. The accumulation of Cu, Fe and Cd in the tissues of the fish were liver > gill > muscle, and the accumulation of Zn was gill > liver > muscle. CAT activity, MDA and GSH level of the tissues changed with the water temperature. General signs of destruction were observed in the gill tissues of the fish. Necrotic conditions in hepatocytes were observed. In conclusion, the presence of biochemical and histopathological findings in tissues suggests that the lake is not only affected by heavy metals but also by other pollutants.
Reacción leucoeritroblástica asociada a infección por COVID-19. Reporte de caso
Authors: Milanesio Martin , Suasnabar David Francisco , Giaj-merlera Alejandro , Cebreros Rocío Gabriela , Marucco Federico Ariel
Published: March 2021

Introducción: La enfermedad COVID-19 es una neumonía viral aguda con múltiples manifestaciones extrapulmonares dentro de las cuales se incluyen ciertas alteraciones hematológicas. La reacción leucoeritroblástica o leucoeritroblastosis se define por la presencia en sangre periférica de células eritroides nucleadas y mieloides inmaduras. Dentro de sus causas más frecuentes se encuentra la invasión medular por tumores sólidos y neoplasias hematológicas, por lo que el reconocimiento y consecuente estudio de dicha reacción es sumamente importante. Hasta el momento sólo se ha reportado a nivel mundial un único caso de enfermedad COVID-19 asociado a reacción leucoeritroblástica en pacientes adultos.
Metodología: En el siguiente manuscrito describimos la presencia de leucoeritroblastosis en un masculino internado por COVID-19, en el cual se descartaron múltiples causas secundarias.
Resultados: El paciente presentó resolución de la leucoeritroblatosis a medida que sus síntomas respiratorios se resolvieron.
Conclusión: La enfermedad COVID-19 podría ser una nueva causa conocida de reacción leucoeritroblástica aunque creemos necesario un mayor número de casos reportados para afirmar que la asociación no fue al azar.
Modern Elektronik Laboratuvarları İçin Otomasyon Sistemi ve Yazılımının Geliştirilmesi
Authors: YOLDAS Fatih , ŞENOL Ramazan
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada, mühendislik fakülteleri ve meslek yüksekokullarının ilgili bölümlerinde bulunan elektronik laboratuvarlarının kontrolü ve takibini sağlamak üzere, mikrodenetleyici ile kontrol ve kumanda işlevini uzaktan yapabilen bir otomasyon sistemi tasarlanmış ve gerçekleştirilmiştir. Arayüz ve kart okuma sistemi ile öğrenci bilgi veritabanı üzerinde oluşturabilmekte ve geliştirilen algoritma ile öğrenci sadece sorumlu olduğu derslere dair deney setlerine erişim sağlamaktadır. Hazırlanan program ve algoritma öğrencilerin yoklama listesini arşivleyebilmekte ve geçmişe yönelik öğrencilerin çalışma süreçlerini takip etme imkânı sunmaktadır. Geliştirilen iki aşamalı kart okuma sistemi arıza takibi, kimlik yönetimi ve laboratuvar ekipmanı denetimini sağlayabilmektedir. Bu çalışma ile öğrencilerin uygulama derslerinde laboratuvarı daha verimli kullanması amaçlanmıştır. Öğrenciler ile uygulamalı olarak yapılan 13 Haftalık süreç takibi ile otomasyon sisteminin önceki yıllar ile verim karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır.
Covid-19 Pandemisi, Yeni Dışlanma Zeminleri ve Sorumluluk Alanları: Türkiye’de Virüsün Yayılışını Engelleme Politikaları ve Toplumsal Bağlam
Authors: AŞKIN Deniz
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 pandemisi bağlamında Türkiye’de uygulanan politikaların ve alınan kararların ortaya çıkardığı sonuçları sosyolojik bir zeminde analiz etmektir. Kuşkusuz virüsün Türkiye’de yayılım hızını azaltmak için alınan kararlar ve uygulanan politikalar toplumun tüm alanlarını ve katmanlarını içine almaktadır. Özellikle eğitim öğretime ara verilmesi, Covid-19 teşhisi konulan kişilerin sağlık güvencelerine bakılmaksızın tedavisi, ulaşımın kısıtlanması, maske dağıtım ve üretimi ile yaşa bağlı kategorik evde kalma uygulamalarının toplumsal yansımaları Türkiye’nin yeni bir deneyimine işaret etmesi açısından önemlidir. Diğer taraftan, sağlık çalışanlarına sunulan hizmetlere karşılık gündelik hayatlarında, 65 yaş üstü kişiler ile benzer şekilde yaşadıkları stres ve kaygının yanında dışlanma durumları yine toplumsal ölçekte Türkiye’nin ve dünya toplumlarının deneyimlediği ilkleri barındırmaktadır. Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın sorumluluk paylaşımına yönelik yeni bir söylem geliştirmesi ve virüsün yayılması noktasında vatandaşı “sorumlu” bir birey olarak muhatap alması da yeni bir tartışma ve tanımlama zeminini de gerekli kılmaktadır. Bununla beraber bu çalışmada Türkiye’de Covid-19 virüsünün yayılım hızını etkileyen, genç nüfus oranı, ulaşım, tedavi, maske dağıtımı, HES kodu uygulaması gibi uygulamalar betimsel bir yöntem ile incelenmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir.
Gaz Yakıtlı Kombi Sistemlerin Mikrodenetleyici Yardımıyla Kontrolü ve Enerji Verimliliği
Authors: ŞAHİN Volkan , ŞAHİN Mehmet Erhan
Published: March 2021

Günümüzde enerji kullanımının ve enerji maliyetlerinin arttığı göz önünde bulundurularak, enerjinin tüketildiği yerlerde enerjinin verimli kullanımı büyük önem kazanmıştır. Bilinçsizce tüketilen enerji, enerji kaynaklarına ve ekolojik açıdan doğaya zarar vermektedir. Bundan dolayı tüketilmekte olan enerjinin yönetilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Kullanıcıların, çoğu zaman farkında olmadan ihtiyacından daha fazla enerji tükettikleri görülmektedir. Enerji yönetiminin amacı, enerji tüketimini azaltmak yerine, enerjiyi daha verimli biçimde kullanabilmektir. Etkin bir enerji yönetimi sayesinde, enerji kaynaklarının kullanım ömrünün uzatılması, enerjinin verimli kullanılması ve enerji maliyetlerinin düşürülmesi sağlanmış olacaktır. Bu çalışma, doğal gaz yakıt enerjisi kullanarak ısı enerjisi üreten kombi sistemine uyarlanmıştır. Kombi sistemine entegre edilen mikrodenetleyici kullanılarak radyatör ve oda sıcaklıkları manuel veya otomatik hale getirilerek tüketilen doğalgaz enerjisinin daha verimli tüketilmesi böylelikle tasarruf edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Sağlık Yönetiminde Çağdaş Yaklaşımlar
Authors: GÖK Sibel
Published: March 2021

Toplumun sağlık düzeyinin korunmasında ve geliştirilmesinde sağlık yönetimi çok önem arz etmektedir. Sağlık yönetiminin başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleştirilebilmesi için yönetim sürecinde bilimsel yöntemlerin kullanılması gerekir. Bu nedenle, yönetimde etkinliği ve verimliliği artırmak üzere ortaya çıkan ve çağdaş yönetim yaklaşımları olarak adlandırılan yönetim yaklaşımları sağlık yönetiminde de uygulanmalıdır. Çünkü modern ve bilimsel bir yönetim tarzı benimsemek çağdaş yönetim yaklaşımlarını sağlık yönetiminde uygulamak ile mümkün olur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık yönetiminde uygulanması gereken çağdaş yönetim yaklaşımları ile ilgili bilgi vermek ve bu yaklaşımların sağlık yönetimi açısından yerini ve önemini tartışmaktır. Bu kapsamda sağlık yönetiminde çağdaş yönetim yaklaşımlarını temsil etmesi bakımından toplam kalite yönetimi, performans yönetimi ve toplantı yönetimi değerlendirilecektir.
PERMASALAHAN TUBERKOLOSIS DI BEBERAPA KOTA DI PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Mentari Aulia Zikry Bunga , Maula Savitri Hurriatul
Published: March 2021

Penyakit Tuberkulosis merupakan permasalahan kesehatan global yang telah menjadi perhatian dunia. Pada 2018, Provinsi Banten menempati peringkat pertama di Indonesia. Provinsi Banten melaksanakan program Banten Eliminasi TB, TOSS TB, dan Gerakan Ketuk Pintu.
Peradaban dan pemikiran ekonomi masa umayyah hingga abbasiyah
Authors: Hasym Muchamad
Published: March 2021

Peradaban dan pemikiran ekonomi masa umayyah hingga abbasiyah
EKONOMI PADA MASA BANI UMAYYAH, ABBASIYAH DAN TURKI USMANI
Authors: Indryawati Lisa
Published: March 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang konsep ekonomi pada masa dinasti Abbasiyah Umayyah dan Turki Utsmani
The Effect of Audio Visual on Students’ Vocabulary Ability at Second Grade of SMP Negeri 1 Pasarwajo
Authors: Mido La
Published: March 2021

Pengaruh Penggunaan Audio Visual terhadap Kemampuan kosakata siswa di SMP Negeri 1 Pasarwajo. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan audio visual terhadap penguasaan kosakata siswa yang diajarkan melalui audio visual dan dibandingkan dengan siswa yang belajar kosakata tampa menggunaka audio visual. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi-ekperimen. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri atas 40 siswa SMP Negeri 1 Pasarwajo tahun ajaran 2013/2014. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan objective test yaitu dengan menggunakan soal pilihan ganda tentang kosakata. Data penguasaan kosakata siswa dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa siswa yang belajar kosakata dengan menggunakan audio visual memiliki penguasaan kosakata yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa yang belajar kosakata tampa menggunakan audio visual.
Fuelled by passion: Obsessive passion amplifies positive and negative feelings throughout a hockey playoff series
Authors: Schellenberg Benjamin J. I. , Verner-Filion Jeremie
Published: March 2021

Previous research has shown that the highs and lows of sports fandom are more extreme for fans with strong levels of obsessive passion (Lafrenière et al., 2012). We tested if this amplification effect applied to how hockey fans felt throughout a National Hockey League (NHL) playoff series. Fans of the Winnipeg Jets (N = 57) reported levels of harmonious and obsessive passion prior to the start of the 2019 NHL playoffs, and then reported their feelings the day after each game of the first playoff round. The results supported the amplification hypothesis by showing that the impact of game result on both positive and negative feelings the day after a game was more extreme for fans with high OP. This moderating effect, however, appeared to be driven primarily by responses to losses.
Establishing a Health Network of Personality Profiles for Adolescents and Emerging Adults
Authors: Hang Yuzhan , Speyer Lydia Gabriela , Haring Liina , Lee Billy , Vainik Uku , Luciano Michelle , Mõttus René
Published: March 2021

Many health problems that occur later in life have their origins in behaviours and associated lifestyle habits established earlier in life. We aimed to gain new insights into the structure of health and well-being of late adolescents and emerging adults through examining a multi-dimensional network that quantitatively estimates the personality similarities (personality correlations) between sixteen different health related behaviours and outcomes. The personality correlations were based on nuance level personality traits, captured by 240 items of the EE.PIP-NEO Personality Inventory that predicted the outcomes more accurately than broader personality traits (Big Five domains and facets; N = 2,269), and analysed using Exploratory Graph Analysis. The sixteen outcomes fell into four groups based on their personality correlations: psychological distress, health awareness, emotional control and substance use. Personality correlations, quantifying the overlap among outcomes in their psychological background, can explain associations between health-related behaviours and outcomes, and psychopathological comorbidities.
Smokers’ Affective Responses to COVID-19-Related Health Warnings on Cigarette Packets: The Influence of Delay Discounting
Authors: Brown Chris Robert Harrison , Faulkner Paul
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The addition of graphic health warnings on cigarette packets can facilitate smoking cessation, primarily through their ability to elicit a negative affective response. Smoking is linked to COVID-19 mortality, thus making it likely to elicit a strong affective response in smokers. COVID-19-related health warnings (C19HW) may therefore enhance graphic health warnings, when compared to traditional health warnings (THW). Further, because impulsivity influences smoking behaviours, we also examined whether these affective responses were associated with delay discounting.Methods: In a between-subjects design, 240 smokers rated the valence and arousal elicited by tobacco packaging that contained either a C19HW or THW (both referring to death). Participants also completed questionnaires to quantify delay discounting and attitudes towards COVID-19 and smoking (eg, health risks, motivation to quit).Results: There were no differences between the two health warning types on either valence or arousal, nor any secondary outcome variables. There was, however, a significant interaction between health warning type and delay discounting on arousal ratings. Specifically, in smokers who exhibit low delay discounting, C19HWs elicited significantly greater subjective arousal rating than did THWs, whereas there was no significant effect of health warning type on arousal in smokers who exhibited high delay discounting.Conclusion: The results suggest that in smokers who exhibit low impulsivity (but not high impulsivity), C19HWs may be more arousing than THWs. Future work is required to explore the long-term utility of C19HWs, and to identify the specific mechanism by which delay discounting moderates the impact of tobacco health warnings.
Shift-grammars and foil creation
Authors: Krivochen Diego , Phillips Beth
Published: March 2021

In this brief technical report we provide a method to generate foil grammars to be used in implicit learning tasks.
Generalizability challenges in applied psychological and organizational research and practice
Authors: Wiernik Brenton M. , Raghavan Mukhunth , Allan Tyler , Denison Alexander James
Published: March 2021

Yarkoni (2020) highlights patterns of overgeneralization in psychology research. In this comment, we note that such challenges also pertain to applied psychological and organizational research and prac-tice. We use two examples—cross-cultural generalizability and implicit bias training—to illustrate common practices of overgeneralization from narrow research samples to broader operational popula-tions. We conclude with recommendations for research and practice.
The Non-Fitness-Related Benefits of Exergames for Young Individuals Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Morris Phoebe , Hope Ed , Mills John Paul
Published: March 2021

Background. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition characterised by social-communication deficits and is often accompanied by an array of symptoms, including cognitive and motor differences. Research has begun to investigate the utility of exergames (virtual exercise games) for combating some of the functionally impairing facets of ASD. However, no review to date has investigated the positive effects of exergaming for young individuals diagnosed with ASD, exclusive of their effects on fitness-related/health-related outcomes. Methods. We systematically reviewed the literature for articles published between 1990 – 2020, which aimed to examine the effectiveness of exergames for targeting some of the symptoms observed in children diagnosed with ASD, exclusive of physical fitness-related outcomes. Results. Out of 193 relevant articles, 10 met the inclusion criteria. All studies showed beneficial effects of exergaming for executive function and motor skills, however more work is needed to examine the beneficial effects of exergaming for social development in young autistic individuals. Conclusion. The present review supports the use of exergaming to improve some functions in ASD and suggests future research is needed to expand on this for the enhancement of social-communication skills.
Economic Value of Agarwood and Its Prospects of Cultivation
Authors: Adhikari Suraj Raj , Pokhrel Kusum , Baral Sunil Dutta
Published: March 2021

Aquilaria are genera of tropical trees that produces a valuable resinous wood called agarwood. Agarwood plant have been widely used as traditional medicines and Ayurvedic medicine. They are used for the treatment of arthritis, asthma, diarrhoea etc effects. It contains bioactive phytochemical sesquiterpenoids, 2 (-2-phenylethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one derivatives, genkwanins, mangiferins, cucurbitacins, other terpenoids and phenolic acids. Many pharmacological studies have been performed on anti-allergic, anti-cancer, anti-inﬂammatory, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, etc. The aromatic properties of agarwood when burned or distilled are extraordinary and there is high demand for the resinous wood to make incense, perfume and as traditional medicine. Aquilaria are native to northern India but over harvesting of this tree as well as other forest trees in the past has ravaged the hill country. With new technology that has been developed to induce agarwood in trees, it is now possible to produce a sustainable high valued agarwood in young plantation trees. The growing of Aquilaria in the hill agro-ecosystems of Nepal and cultivation of agarwood as a crop using new technology could provide a new economy for the region.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(1): 23-31
A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study to Assess the Pattern and Trends of Partial Edentulism in BPKIHS and its Teaching Districts
Authors: Parajuli Prakash Kumar , Basnet Bishal Babu , Limbu Indra Kumar , Suwal Pramita
Published: March 2021

Background: Partial edentulism is the state of loss of one or more but not all natural teeth. Edentulism can affect the esthetics of an individual and can have a negative psychological impact. Recording the frequency of partial edentulism and its nature along with its association with different socio-demographic parameters helps to plan the treatment need and goals of the population in that locality. This cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the frequency of partial edentulism among the patients visiting the dental college of BPKIHS and its teaching district hospitals.

Methods: Two hundred partially edentulous patients were selected from four hospitals by purposive sampling and their socio-demographic parameters recorded. Intra-oral examination was done to classify partial edentulous spaces according to the Kennedy-Applegate system. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 11.5 and chi-square test was used to determine the association between independent (age-group, gender, socioeconomic status) and dependent variables (number of missing teeth).

Results: In both the arches, Kennedy’s class III was the most prevalent type of edentulism. In the maxillary arch, 44.5% had Kennedy’s class III edentulism whereas in the mandibular arch 34.5% had Class III. Kennedy’s class IV was least common (4% in maxillary arch and 6.5% in mandibular arch). Forty-five partially edentulous patients above 50 years of age had ≥ 4 teeth missing and 140 were from medium socio-economic status.

Conclusion: Kennedy’s class III partially edentulous arches were the most prevalent type of edentulousness with periodontal disease as major etiology. It was also seen that people with medium socio-economic status were more affected by tooth loss.
Nationalism and national unity in multi-ethnic Nepal: Adopting integrative approach for managing national affairs
Authors: Shrestha Bihari Krishna
Published: March 2021

The birth of the concept of nationalism and national unity happened in Nepal, more or less at the same time as in Europe, by the second half of the Eighteenth century. Nationalism is seen as an ideology that demands loyalty and devotion to the notion of authority from individuals or groups. While Nepal has come a long way in the process of growth of nationalism and national unity, they have been nurtured by significant nation building measures at important junctures in Nepal's history. But recent events have shown that they remain vulnerable to external adversaries and influences and interventions. Indeed, the founding father of the modern Nepal, King Prithvi Narayan Shah's dictum, “Nepal as a yam between two boulders” remains equally valid ever for Nepal’s foreign policy. A metaphor of “yam” in his maxim connotes Nepal’s geo–strategic position which, like a soft edible starchy staple food in tropical and subtropical areas, has to maintain its balanced relations with two big powerful countries like boulders. Thus, this paper argues that located in such an intricate geographic position, Nepal has to protect its existence as a nation–state internally through integrative, participatory and inclusive national development approach, and externally, by balancing relations with the two big neighbors to forestall their undue pressures.
Reviewing the civil military relations in Nepal
Authors: Barakoti Manoj
Published: March 2021

An exegesis of the civil military relationship of Nepal in its entirety was maintained to examine its historical trend and to generate lessons for future direction. Review of historical materials, opinions of national and international scholars through different time spans, and study of the evolution of civil military relationship from medieval to modern Nepal was carried out. A critically meticulous analysis showed that the civil military relationship in Nepal has been cordial throughout history and the nature of the army has gradually changed from feudal clan based aggregation to a professional army. Much of this professionalism in the army began during the unification campaigns. Deliberation on the issue of the civilian control of the NA showed that it will be utterly unwise to produce civilian shoulders and that we need to stick to a professional army unless a grave danger to our sovereignty materializes. The activities of the army should always be controlled by a duly elected government and its expenses and actions checked and ratified by the parliament. It was concluded that the media image of the NA should remain open, accessible, and politically neutral, and that the army should continue its construction and humanitarian works, both within and beyond the borders. All concerned stakeholders must strive to maintain a harmonious civil military relationship in Nepal.
Complex nature of humanitarian crisis: Unique dynamics of civil military relations in Nepal
Authors: Khatri Ratindra
Published: March 2021

The Nepali Army in its vital role in humanitarian assistance and disaster response operation in Nepal receives reputation the world wide. Nepal is prone to disaster risk and the majority of people are living in vulnerable situation. Every year Nepal is facing different types of disasters that caused massive loss of lives and properties. Nepal has not been able to prepare any other viable alternatives in the civil society, so there is no other choice than utilizing military or security forces during any disasters. The Nepali Army has vast inbuilt resources to mobilize its troops effectively in any parts of the country. However, timely and effective disaster response is very difficult due to numerous constraints and complexities. Difficult terrain, limited road communication, inadequate resources and insufficient response capacity are prime reasons that make response operations very challenging. The Army together with other security agencies is performing role as per the given mandate articulated in act, rules, framework and guidelines. In this situation, building civil-military coordination mechanism can be an effective means to respond to the disaster. As a matter of fact, a comprehensive disaster army should continue dialogue, training and exercise with foreign militaries for better understanding and learning through experience. Despite the Nepali Army’s spectacular capability to disaster response, there is a debate whether the military is a right institution to involve in the humanitarian response operations. However, keeping in mind Nepal’s reality without compromising primary role of national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national independence, the Nepali Army should enhance its capability to save lives and property from disasters and hazards.
राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षामा विकासको पार्श्वचित्र Rashtria Surakshyama Bikasko Parshwachitra
Authors: गौतम Gautam असफल Asafal
Published: March 2021

यात्राको गन्तव्यसग नेपथ्यको भविष्य जोडिएको हुन्छ । प्रस्तुत यात्राको गन्तव्य हिजो राष्ट्रको एकीकरण रवर्तमानसम्म आइपुग्दा राष्ट्रिय–अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय क्षेत्रमा शान्ति स्थापनार्थ उल्लेख्य भूमिकासहित उच्च छविबनाउन सक्षम नेपाली सेनाले आयोजना गरेको लेखरचना प्रतियोगिताको राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षा र विकासशीर्षकसग जोडिएको छ । यो आलेख राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षामा विकासको पाश्र्वचित्र कसरी अडेको छ भन्ने सन्दर्भमाकेद्रित रहेर तयार पारिएको छ ।
सुरक्षा र विकासः एक रथका दुई पाङ्ग्रा Surakshya ra Bikas Ek Rathka Dui Pangra
Authors: खरेलोपाध्याय Kharelopadhyaya पद्मभक्त Padmabhakta
Published: March 2021

शान्ति, सुरक्षा र विकासका सम्बन्धमा विश्वको पहिलोजननी नेपाल हो । नेपालको स्वतन्त्रता, सार्वभौमसत्ता, भौगोलिक अखण्डता, स्वाधीनता र राष्ट्रिय एकताकोरक्षाका लागि संविधानप्रति प्रतिबद्ध समावेशी नेपालीसेनाको एक संगठन रहने र नेपाल सरकारले नेपालीसेनालाई संघीय कानुनबमोजिम विकास निर्माण र विपद् व्यवस्थापन लगायतका अन्य कार्यमा समेत परिचालनगर्न सक्ने संवैधानिक र कानुनी प्रावधान रहेको छ । सेनालाई विकास–निर्माणको काममा लगाउ“दा पेशागतदक्षतामा कत्ति पनि असर पर्दैन । राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षा दर्बिलो भएन भने विकास–निर्माणले गति लिन सक्दैन ।
सहिष्णुतावादी नेपाली समाज र यसका चुनौतीहरू Sahishnutavadi Nepali Samaj ra Yaska Chunautiharu
Authors: कार्की karki ज्ञानबहादुर Gyanbahadur
Published: March 2021

विश्वका प्राचीन देशहरूमध्येको देश नेपाल र नेपालीसमाजको निर्माणको इतिहास हजारौ“ वर्षको रहेको छ । मूलतः नेपाली समाजको निर्माणमा खस–आर्य तथामङ्गोल समुदायका मानिसहरूको विशेष भूमिका छ । ईसापूर्व सयौ“ वर्ष अगाडि नै नेपाली समाजका अनेकौ“जातजातिका मानिसहरूका पुर्खा मूलतः नेपालकाछिमेकी मुलुकहरू चीन र भारततर्फबाट नेपाल प्रवेशगरेका हुन् । बसाइ“–सराइ तथा छिमेकी मुलुकहरूमाभएका राजनीतिक–सामाजिक सङ्घर्ष आदिको परिणामपनि विभिन्न जातिका मानिसहरू नेपाल प्रवेशगरेका छन् जसका कारण नेपाल विविध जातजातिकामानिसहरूको सङ्गमस्थल बनेको छ । त्यसैले विविध जातजातिका मानिसहरू आ–आºना धर्म–संस्कृति निर्वाधरूपमा मान्दै एकआपसमा मिलजुल गरी हजारौ“ वर्षदेखियहा“ बसिरहेका छन् । यहा“ कुनै जातीय–धार्मिक सङ्घर्ष भएको इतिहास छैन र यहा“को समाज सहिष्णुतावादी समाजका रूपमा विद्यमान छ । यो सहिष्णुतालाई कायम राखिरहने वातावरणको निर्माणमा निरन्तरता दिइरहनु नै यसको चुनौती हो ।
Changes in Body Weight and Serum Albumin Levels in Patients Requiring Home Long-term Oxygen Therapy
Authors: Kayauchi Naomi , Ojima Eiji , Kagohashi Katsunori , Satoh Hiroaki
Published: March 2021

Purpose: To investigate the long-term changes in body weight and serum albumin levels in patients with respiratory
failure, and those with chronic heart failure, who were treated with home long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT)
to understand the current status and contribute to future measures.
Methods: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), those with interstitial pneumonia (IP), and
those with chronic heart failure (CHF) undergoing home LTOT for 6 months or more between January 2011 and
January 2019 were included in the study. Body weight and serum albumin levels were assessed at the start of home LTOT and at the end of the observation period, a minimum of 6 months after commencing home LTOT.

Results: Sixty-two patients (29 COPDs, 23 IPs, and 10 CHFs) were included. In COPD patients and IP patients, body weight decreased (P = 0.0017, P = 0.0018, respectively, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Serum albumin levels decreased in IP patients (P = 0.0185) but not in COPD patients. There was neither significant decrease in body
weight nor serum albumin levels in patients with CHF.

Conclusion: Chronic respiratory failure patients who have home LTOT were likely to have a decreased nutritional status. In order to provide prolonged home LTOT, medical staff need to pay close attention to the nutritional status of patients receiving home LTOT.
Теоретичні аспекти навчання «Лінгвістичної інформатики» як прикладної лінгвістичної дисципліни
Authors: Франчук Н.П.
Published: March 2021

В статті описано деякі аспекти розвитку сучасної прикладної лінгвістики. Розкрито зміст навчальної дисципліни «Лінгвістична інформатика». Описано п’яти компонентну методичну систему навчання дисципліни «Лінгвістична інформатика» як спецкурсу для учнів.
Hydrogen production from groundnut shell via circulating fluidized bed technology
Authors: LÜTFÜOĞLU Bekir Can , PEHLİVAN Esat , AKYÜREK Zuhal , AKYÜZ Ali Özhan , GÜNGÖR Afşin
Published: March 2021

In this study, hydrogen production performances of groundnut shells in a circulating fluidized bed gasifier is evaluated by employing a previously developed and validated model. Basically, we simulate a circulating fluidized bed gasification system that is connected to a water-gas shift reactor, for hydrogen purification with the gasifier temperature of 1150 K. We find that the amount of hydrogen gas produced from circulating fluidized bed gasification of groundnut shells increases from 49.25 kmol to 68.83 kmol (per 1000 kg of raw groundnut shells) when the gasifier is integrated with water-gas shift reactor. We observe that it is possible to obtain a high yield of hydrogen gas from the gasification of groundnut shells. Therefore, we conclude that the groundnut shell is a remarkable feedstock for bioenergy.
Editorial
Authors: Berg Mette Louise , Fiddian-Qasmiyeh Elena , Waters Johanna
Published: March 2021

To say that working on this issue of Migration and Society has been a challenge would be an understatement. For all of us, from the members of the editorial team to our guest editors, contributors, ever-important reviewers, and the publishing team, 2020 has brought significant barriers. We have feared for the safety of our loved ones; grieved unbearable losses, often from afar; faced different forms of containment; and sought to, somehow, find the time and energy to care for our loved ones, our selves, and one another while navigating unsustainable work commitments and responsibilities.
Working against and with the State
Authors: Macklin Audrey
Published: March 2021

A handful of Canadian church congregations provide sanctuary to failed asylum seekers. Many also participate in resettling refugees through a government program called private sponsorship. Both sanctuary and sponsorship arise as specific modes of hospitality in response to practices of exclusion and inclusion under national migration regimes. Sanctuary engages oppositional politics, whereby providers confront and challenge state authority to exclude. Refugee sponsorship embodies a form of collaborative politics, in which sponsorship groups partner with government in settlement and integration. I demonstrate how the state’s perspective on asylum versus resettlement structures the relationship between citizen and state and between citizen and refugee. I also reveal that there is more collaboration in sanctuary and resistance in sponsorship than might be supposed.
Sacred Welcomes
Authors: Boudou Benjamin , Leaman Hans , Scholz Maximilian Miguel
Published: March 2021

This special section explores the role of religious ideas and religious associations in shaping the response of states and non-state actors to asylum-seekers and refugees. It brings together insights from anthropology, law, history, and political theory to enrich our understanding of how religious values and resources are mobilized to respond to refugees and to circumvent usual narratives of secularization. Examining these questions within multicultural African, European, and North American contexts, the special section argues that religion provides moral reasons and structural support to welcome and resettle refugees, and constitutes a framework of analysis to better understand the social, legal, and political dynamics of inclusion and exclusion in contexts of migration.
The Pope’s Public Reason
Authors: Bardon Aurélia
Published: March 2021

Since the beginning of Europe’s “refugee crisis,” Pope Francis has repeatedly argued that we should welcome refugees. This, he said, is an obligation for Christians who have “a duty of justice, of civility, and of solidarity.” This religious justification is a problem for liberal political philosophers who are committed to the idea of public reason: state action, they argue, must be justified to all citizens based on public, generally accessible reasons. In this article, I argue that the claim that liberal public reason fully excludes religion from the public sphere is misguided; not all religious reasons are incompatible with the demands of Rawlsian public reason. Understanding how a religious reason can be public requires looking into both what makes a reason religious and what makes a reason public. I show that the pope’s reason supporting the claim that we should welcome refugees is both religious and public.
Photography as Archive
Authors: Qasmiyeh Yousif M. , Huq Omi Saiful
Published: March 2021

In this interview, Yousif M. Qasmiyeh enters into conversation with Saiful Huq Omi, an award-winning photographer and filmmaker and founder of Counter Foto-A Centre for Visual Arts in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on issues spanning from photography in the era of COVID and what it means, in this situation of stasis and containment worldwide, to continue photographing; to the intimate as revealed by the photograph; photographing (across) different geographies and national borders; on Rohingya refugees as both the photographed and the unphotographed; the archive and the afterlives of photography; and, finally, how to envision an equitable future between the photographer and the photographed.

In the form of poetic fragments, “The Human that is Lacking” offers a
response to Saiful Huq Omi’s photograph reproduced in these pages, in an attempt to “co-see” the image with the photographer. The image and its response sit alongside Yousif M. Qasmiyeh’s interview with the award-winning photographer and film-maker himself (also in this issue).
Identification of Authenticity and Nominal Value of Indonesia Banknotes Using Fuzzy KNearest Neighbor Method
Authors: Ramadhan Ricky , Sari Jayanti Yusmah , Ningrum Ika Purwanti
Published: March 2021

The existence of counterfeit money is often troubling the public. The solution given by the government to be careful of counterfeit money is by means of 3D (seen, touched and looked at). However, this step has not been perfectly able to distinguish real money and fake money. So there is a need for a system to help detect the authenticity of money. Therefore, in this study a system was designed that can detect the authenticity of rupiah and its nominal value. For data acquisition, this system uses detection boxes, ultraviolet lights and smartphone cameras. As for feature extraction, this system uses segmentation methods. The segmentation method based on the threshold value is used to obtain an invisible ink pattern which is a characteristic of real money along with the nominal value of the money. The feature is then used in the stage of detection of money authenticity using FKNN (Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor) method. From 24 test data, obtained an average accuracy of 96%. This shows that the system built can detect the authenticity and nominal value of the rupiah well.
Implementasi Metode Simple Additive Weighting Pada Aplikasi Rekomendasi Tempat Pengungsian Akibat Bencana Banjir
Authors: Ramdany Angga Try , Setiawan Eko Budi
Published: March 2021

BBWS Cimanuk-Cisanggarung is a technical implementation unit at the Directorate General of Water Resources, Ministry of Pekerjaan Umum and Perumahan Rakyat which has the task of carrying out water resources management in the river area. As for the background of this study is the difficulty of river field officers to notify the announcement to the people who will be affected by the flood due to overflowing rivers, because the announcement is still a simple medium that is using sirens and hoaxes or electric poles. Geotagging technology and Fire Cloud Messaging Technology (FCM) is one of the ways to help field officers make public announcements through smartphone media, namely notifications that include river photos and locations. The difficulty of the people who are close to the Cimanuk-Cisanggarung watershed to get information about evacuation places before the flood occurs, because many people choose a place of refuge with their own choice. This is what makes the government more extra to provide assistance to unknown refugee camps. Google Maps technology can help people get to refugee camps recommended by the government. This research method consists of identifying problems, methods of data collection, system analysis, system design, system implementation, testing, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that river field staff and the community can be used as a notification of the river that will overflow and provide information on the place of refuge.
Analisis Layanan Google Scholar Sebagai Bahan Referensi Terhadap Kepuasan Mahasiswa
Authors: Husain T.
Published: March 2021

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Analisis Data Time Series Menggunakan LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) Dan ARIMA (Autocorrelation Integrated Moving Average) Dalam Bahasa Python.
Authors: Bayangkari Karno Adhitio Satyo
Published: March 2021

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi data deret waktu dengan menggunakan dua metode, metode pertama yang umum digunakan adalah statistik Autocorrelation Integrated Moving Average (model ARIMA) dan metode kedua yang relatif baru, yaitu pembelajaran mesin Long Short Term Memory (LSTM). Sebelum data diproses dengan kedua metode, pembersihan data dan pengoptimalan data dilakukan. Optimalisasi data adalah proses transformasi untuk menghilangkan elemen tren dan variasi dari data. Transformasi terdiri dari 7 hasil kombinasi dari proses Log, Moving Average (MA), Exponential Weigh Moving Average (EWMA), dan Differencing (Diff). Tujuh proses masing-masing digunakan dalam proses ARIMA dan LSTM. Sehingga 14 prediksi akan diperoleh (7 dari proses ARIMA dan 7 dari proses LSTM). Dari 14 hasil prediksi diperoleh nilai RMSE terkecil untuk ARIMA adalah 2% dan nilai RMSE terkecil untuk LSTM adalah 1%. Hasil penelitian ini menggunakan 7 kombinasi proses transformasi, dapat meningkatkan tingkat akurasi prediksi dari ARIMA dan LSTM. Dimana akurasi mesin pembelajaran LSTM dengan menggunakan data stok Telkom memiliki akurasi lebih tinggi dari ARIMA.
ANALISIS PERILAKU, HUBUNGAN, DAN PERSEBARAN GAME STREAMER PADA MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK
Authors: Kesuma Bianda Reyhan , Romadhani Gita Krismurti , Nur Ghozi Mohammad Refi , Khanza Shabrina Luthfiani , Wijaya Muhammad Khutama , Rakhmawati Nur Aini
Published: March 2021

Fenomena streaming game bukan subjek baru bagi penggemar video game. Game streaming adalah salah satu kegiatan rekreasi terdepan untuk memberikan pengalaman baru dalam bermain video game, baik untuk streamer game dan pemirsa stream game. Dalam makalah ini, analisis dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku, hubungan, dan distribusi streamer game di platform Facebook Gaming dalam menyajikan streaming game. Hasil analisis adalah bahwa streamer game cukup aktif dalam melakukan streaming langsung dan berinteraksi satu sama lain dengan streamer game. Selain itu, distribusi permainan pita cenderung didominasi oleh pria berusia 20-30 tahun. Lebih jauh, hasil dari makalah ini dimaksudkan untuk menambah wawasan yang berarti bagi pembaca.
WITHDRAWN
Authors: Doe Jane
Published: March 2021

The document associated with this DOI has been withdrawn.