bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 1886 Charleston, South Carolina, Earthquake: Relic Railroad Offset Reveals Rupture
Authors: Bilham Roger , Hough Susan E.
Published: October 2023

In the absence of documented surface rupture during the 1 September 1886 Charleston earthquake, there has been considerable speculation about the location and mechanism of the causative fault. We use an inferred coseismic offset of the South Carolina Railroad and additional numerical constraints to develop an elastic deformation model—a west-dipping fault following strands of two previously identified faults. The constraints are consistent with a blind rupture with 6.5 ± 0.3 m of dextral slip and 2 ± 0.5 m of reverse slip below 450 m depth. We propose that repeated slip on this fault has raised the Penholoway Marine Terrace >6 m since ∼770 ka. The inferred coseismic slip on the fault in an Mw 7.3 earthquake is consistent with the distribution of damage in 1886.
Interactions between the dynamics and phenomenology of creative relational reasoning
Authors:   , Chesebrough Christine B. , Kounios John , Chrysikou Evangelia G
Published: October 2023

Understanding how humans acquire, generalize, and transform information and ideas to generate innovative concepts and products is a fundamental goal of cognitive science and the science of creativity. Two core mechanisms associated with learning and creativity are analogical reasoning and insight. Analogical reasoning refers to recognizing and reasoning about common relational structures across items, situations, and contexts, enabling us to learn quickly and come up with creative solutions. Insight, on the other hand, involves sudden, rapid changes in ideas and concepts, often resulting in creative breakthroughs. Analogical reasoning and insight are both associated with significant leaps and non-linear changes in our mental representations, as well as positive affect. Across three studies, I examined the relationship between aha moments and analogical transfer, the task-related conditions and individual differences that promote aha experiences and increases in positive affect during analogical reasoning, and physiological responses to aha experiences resulting from analogies and their relationship to memory. The findings contribute to our understanding of the metacognitive function, motivational value, and somatic underpinnings of insight, and the affective components of relational reasoning.
Camlipixant: A New Treatment Option for Refractory Chronic Cough?
Authors: Field Stephen K ,   Division of Respirology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
Published: October 2023

Treatments for chronic refractory cough that act centrally are not particularly effective and are often accompanied by adverse effects. A number of medications targeting purinergic receptors in vagal afferent nerves have recently been under investigation. One of them, gefapixant, has been approved for use in Japan and Switzerland. However, it has not been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration or the European Medicines Agency yet. Camlipixant, another drug in this class, is currently being studied in a phase III trial.
The Transparency of Constitutional Reasoning: A Text Mining Analysis of the Hungarian Constitutional Court’s Jurisprudence
Authors: Sebők Miklós , Gárdos-Orosz Fruzsina , Kiss Rebeka , Járay István
Published: October 2023

The analysis of constitutional interpretation has received much attention in recent years. This article is a contribution to research using text mining methods to account for markers of constitutional reasoning in big data-sized text corpora. We examine how often the Hungarian Constitutional Court (the HCC) reflected on the various methods of interpretation. For this purpose, we have created a complex corpus covering all HCC decisions and orders between 1990 and 2021. We found evidence that the methodological practice of the HCC is not self-reflexive in general as only 44% of its decisions make a reference to at least one method of interpretation. We also show that the self-reflexive nature is even more prevalent (in fact, ubiquitous) in 100 doctrinally important decisions from the 30 years of jurisprudence in question. While this study is a first step towards the quantitative analysis of the reasoning of the constitutional judiciary, further mixed methods research is needed to account for intertemporal changes in such data and to refine the measurement of constitutional interpretation.
The Development of Medical Law in the Field of Gynecology and the Relationship with Criminal Law: The Applicability of the Legal Framework of the Republic of Kosovo
Authors: Riza Arif , Kryezi Alban , Lecaj Shukri
Published: October 2023

Medical care and services in accordance with the rules and standards accepted by medical science are the moral and legal duty of the physician or any health worker. The set of legal norms as institutional mechanisms that regulate the rights and responsibilities of medical professionals and their patients is the main field of this research. The article aims to present the concept and importance of the research and development of medical law in the Republic of Kosovo. The purpose of the research is to make the connection between the provisions of medical law and the field of gynecology due to the violation of the rights of patients as well as the hesitation or lack of will in reporting such cases. The theoretical method was used for data collection, with which previous studies on medical law were consulted. The statistical method was used to present the number of induced abortions in the Department of Gynecology in Pristina. The interview method was used for the purpose of collecting data that refer to practical cases where physicians may have acted in violation of the law, as well as the presentation of those situations when, due to a serious health condition, they undertook medical actions without consulting with the patient or family members. The research indicates that the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kosovo has incorporated irresponsible medical treatment and failure to provide medical assistance as criminal offenses that are closely related to the exercise of professional medical duties and responsibilities. In the Republic of Kosovo, elective termination of pregnancy is allowed at the will of the woman who is of adult age, while termination of pregnancy with the motive of choosing the gender of the fetus is prohibited. Elective termination is permissible until the end of the tenth week of pregnancy.
Soviet Religious Law in 1917–1922: Ideological and Legal Foundations
Authors: Bednaruk Waldemar , Gil Andrzej
Published: October 2023

The article presents the ideological and legal foundations of the Soviet religious policy in 1917–1922, when the theoretical assumptions that formed the basis of the new government’s attitude to religion as such were transformed into its practical approach to religious associations present in the space of the functioning of the Bolshevik state. Attention was drawn to two basic issues: (1) the attitude towards religion in the theoretical considerations of Russian Marxists both before and after the Bolsheviks took power in Russia, and (2) the legal acts issued by the new power regarding the place of religion in the slowly emerging reality in the first five years of its existence. Both the ideology and the law itself were to serve the realization of one idea – the creation of a communist society, fully atheistic and recognizing only dialectical materialism. As it turned out from the perspective of later events, the years 1917–1922 were crucial for this intention. The legislation adopted at that time became the juridical basis of the Soviet religious law, implemented until the end of the existence of the USSR. The reference basis for the article is the relevant legislation and literature on the subject.
Bicameralism in Slovenia throughout a Three-Dimensional Approach
Authors: Štrus Dušan , Brezovnik Boštjan
Published: October 2023

The scientific article discusses bicameralism in Slovenia using a three-dimensional approach. The main objective is to identify whether Slovenian bicameralism is weak or strong, using the criteria of symmetry, congruence, and perceived legitimacy. To achieve this, the authors use the descriptive and analytical method. In their opinion, Slovenian bicameralism has always been categorized as weak based only on its formal powers in the legislative procedure. Therefore, all proposed changes related to the National Council aim to change its formal powers without taking into account the congruence and perceived legitimacy criteria. The authors provide a unique insight into the other two criteria and suggest that calls for reform of the National Council should primarily deal with the congruence and perceived legitimacy criteria. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that no scientific papers have dealt with bicameralism in Slovenia using a three-dimensional approach. The authors believe that the article has cognitive value in times of constant calls for reform of the National Council.
Estudio de selectividad frente a disoluciones multicomponente de sensores de glucosa mediante tecnología planar de microondas
Authors: Juan Carlos G. , Bronchalo Enrique , Potelon Benjamin , Quendo Cédric , Muñoz Víctor F. , Ferrández-Vicente José Manuel , Manrique Córdoba Juliana , Sabater-Navarro José María
Published: October 2023

Durante los últimos años, el desarrollo de sensores de concentración de glucosa a través de resonadores planares de microondas ha llamado la atención de una considerable parte de la comunidad científica. Tras mostrar algunos resultados prometedores, los sensores experimentales actuales se enfrentan a ciertos desafíos primordiales. Entre ellos, el más crítico parece ser la selectividad a la concentración de glucosa frente a las variaciones de las concentraciones de otros componentes o parámetros. En este artículo estudiamos la selectividad experimental de sensores basados en resonadores de microondas al medir disoluciones multicomponente. Evaluamos minuciosamente el funcionamiento de estos sensores al medir disoluciones de agua pura, NaCl, albúmina y glucosa, analizando el impacto de las variaciones simultáneas de las concentraciones de glucosa y albúmina. Los resultados muestran una clara influencia de la concentración de albúmina en las medidas de la concentración de glucosa, lo que apunta a una falta de selectividad para estos los sensores. Hemos modelado esta influencia, y a partir de ella proponemos estrategias para afrontar el desafío de la selectividad con este tipo de sensores.
Cognitive Load measurement by using a concurrent multitasking simulation game
Authors: Larraga Blanca , Ruiz Bejerano Verónica , Gutiérrez Álvaro
Published: October 2023

La Teoría de la Carga Cognitiva establece que el proceso de aprendizaje o el desempeño de una tarea se ven afectados cuando hay una sobrecarga en la memoria de trabajo. Además, realizar múltiples tareas de manera simultánea también tienen un impacto en est sobrecarga. Este trabajo presenta una herramienta, un juego de multitareas, que permite inferir carga cognitiva. Se ha llevado a cabo una prueba experimental utilizando el juego y recogiendo información tanto subjetiva como objetiva de todos los participantes. Adicionalmente se analizó el impacto de aumentar la complejidad de la tarea primaria. Todas las variables fisiológicas se vieron afectadas por este cambio en la tarea primaria, especialmente la temperatura corporal y los movimientos de los ojos. Además, la información subjetiva proporcionada con el cuestionario NASA-TLX y la escala Paas también aumentaron con la complejidad de la tarea primaria. Finalmente, se obtuvo una importante correlación entre las dos medidas subjetivas.
Sistema inteligente para la evaluación de la función motora del miembro superior de pacientes con hemiparesia
Authors: Martín-Batanero Raúl , Vales Yolanda , García Pérez José Vicente , Catalán Orts José María , Lledó Pérez Luis D. , García Aracil Nicolás
Published: October 2023

La evaluación de la función motora del miembro superior de los pacientes con hemiparesia tras un ictus es necesaria para llevar a cabo el seguimiento de la recuperación de los pacientes y para adaptar la terapia a sus necesidades. Para ello, es necesario desarrollar nuevos métodos sencillos, rápidos y fiables que ayuden al personal clínico. Este artículo presenta un nuevo sistema de evaluación a través de dispositivos Magnetic, Angular Rate, and Gravity Sensor (MARG), con métodos de aprendizaje automático en base a técnicas de alineamiento temporal (DTW) para medir de forma objetiva la calidad de los movimientos ejecutados por el paciente. En este estudio se presentan los primeros resultados obtenidos de un estudio transversal cuyo objetivo es comprobar la eficiencia de este nuevo sistema de evaluación relacionando los resultados obtenidos mediante este sistema, con la clasificación de la función motora del miembro superior de pacientes con ictus basada en la evaluación de la escala Fugl-Meyer (FMA).
Evaluación de un maniquí de pruebas para Plataformas de Rehabilitación
Authors: Palomino-Diaz Verónica , Romero-Sorozábal Pablo , Chacón Tanarro Enrique , Rocón Eduardo
Published: October 2023

Las terapias de rehabilitación para niños con Parálisis Cerebral han avanzado con la inclusión de los sistemas robóticos. Para iniciar estas terapias es necesario un estudio previo sobre la seguridad y fiabilidad de estos sistemas. En este estudio intervienen métodos de evaluación y ensayos para mejorar estos dispositivos. Así, se puede simular y comprobar si el funcionamiento se corresponde a lo deseado. Por la complejidad de obtener una respuesta realista y, al tratarse de niños, el desarrollo de modelos que imiten la anatomía humana es muy útil. En este contexto, se presenta el diseño y desarrollo de un maniquí pasivo para ensayar plataformas de rehabilitación de la marcha. Este prototipo representa las características antropométricas de un niño de 3 años, con movilidad en el miembro inferior. Con la plataforma de la marcha Discover2Walk se va a simular la caminata del maniquí. Los resultados al comparar el patrón obtenido tienen una desviación media por debajo de 3 cm, capacitando al maniquí como herramienta de ensayos.
Estrategia de control de un robot de rehabilitación de la marcha pseudoestacionario
Authors: Ramos Jaime , Espuela Eugenio Manuel , Lora Millán Julio Salvador , Castano Juan Alejandro , Borromeo Susana , Nieto Rubén , Fernández Pablo , Carballeira Juan , del-Ama Antonio J.
Published: October 2023

La recuperación de la marcha es una prioridad para las personas con enfermedades neurológicas o lesión medular espinal. Los exoesqueletos actuales de reentrenamiento de la marcha implementan estrategias de control por seguimiento de la trayectoria o por asistencia según la necesidad, sin embargo, éstas no han mostrado aún ser superiores a la rehabilitación convencional de manera concluyente. En este artículo se presenta de forma conceptual la estrategia de control de un nuevo sistema robótico ambulatorio para la rehabilitación de la marcha basado en un exoesqueleto comercial, integrando módulos robóticos adicionales para proporcionar mayor libertad de movimiento al usuario y fomentar el control voluntario y la participación activa. De esta forma se espera que el sistema permita desarrollar de forma satisfactoria la terapia y, a futuro, favorezca la plasticidad neuronal y el aprendizaje motor.
Detección de apneas en recién nacidos utilizando una IMU abdominal
Authors: Ricci Matteo , Vicente-Samper José María , Romero Ante Juan David , Vicente Esteve , García Aracil Nicolás , Cordella Francesca , Sabater-Navarro José María
Published: October 2023

En los últimos años, ha habido un aumento en los casos de colapso postnatal repentino en lactantes aparentemente sanos durante las primeras 24 horas de vida. Actualmente, los sistemas de monitoreo existentes no son capaces de detectar situaciones de apnea. En este trabajo, se propone un sistema que incluye un dispositivo electrónico para monitorear el movimiento abdominal generado por la respiración en recién nacidos y, una interfaz de usuario para el seguimiento de información. Se llevaron a cabo pruebas experimentales para validar el funcionamiento del sistema, tanto en posición supina como prona, así como en situaciones que involucraron el contacto entre la madre y el recién nacido. En general, los resultados obtenidos respaldan la viabilidad de utilizar dispositivos electrónicos de contacto directo como una alternativa prometedora para mejorar la detección de la respiración y la identificación de situaciones de apnea.
Estudio de la variabilidad entre repeticiones del potencial de error respecto a P300 y N500
Authors: Soriano-Segura Paula , Gracia Desirée Irene , Ferrero Laura , Iáñez Eduardo , Ortiz Mario , Azorín José M.
Published: October 2023

La utilización del potencial de error (ErrP) para autocorregir los comandos erróneos de las Interfaces Cerebro-Máquina (BMI) ha despertado gran interés, dado que ayuda a incrementar la precisión del sistema. Por este motivo, lograr una clasificación precisa en cada repetición es crucial para una implementación efectiva de BCI. Este estudio se centra en el análisis de la variabilidad del ErrP entre repeticiones de una tarea, generado por un estímulo visuotáctil cuando un exoesqueleto de miembro inferior se activa para iniciar la marcha en contra de su voluntad. Concretamente, se examinan los valores en tiempo y amplitud de los picos P300 y N500 del ErrP, así como la diferencia entre ellos para cada repetición. Posteriormente, el Error Cuadrático Medio (RMSE) cuantifica las diferencias entre las características, permitiendo conocer la dispersión que existe entre repeticiones.
Control longitudinal de un vehículo mediante aprendizaje por refuerzo profundo
Authors: Barreno Herrera Felipe , Santos Matilde , Romana Manuel
Published: October 2023

Este artículo presenta un sistema inteligente para el control longitudinal de un vehículo mediante aprendizaje por refuerzo profundo basado en la influencia de la curvatura de la carretera. El sistema inteligente consiste en un agente que usa el algoritmo de gradiente de política determinista profundo (DDPG) para controlar la velocidad. Para entrenar al agente del modelo, el efecto de la curvatura de la carretera se considera a través de la aceleración percibida obtenida a partir de la aceleración lateral y velocidad angular debida a la propia carretera. Los resultados del sistema inteligente son valores continuos de aceleración. El modelo propuesto ofrece resultados prometedores, lo que sugiere que este sistema inteligente puede ayudar al conductor y que el sistema de control del vehículo puede aplicarse a la conducción semiautónoma o autónoma haciendo que la conducción sea más segura y cómoda.
Detección de fallos en aerogeneradores flotantes mediante redes neuronales usando OpenFAST
Authors: Galeote Ignacio , Aimara Andrade Bryan Alexander , Esteban Segundo , Santos Matilde
Published: October 2023

Uno de los principales problemas de la energía eólica es el de la continuidad en la producción, exacerbado en el caso de la tecnología flotante dada la complejidad añadida de las circunstancias ambientales. Dada la variabilidad intrínseca del viento, que conlleva la producción irregular de energía, es de especial importancia detectar y minimizar tanto la frecuencia como la gravedad de fallos o averías en las máquinas. En el presente trabajo se ha estudiado una turbina de referencia flotante en alta mar de 5 MW y se han simulado fallas de diversos elementos estructurales mediante el software OpenFAST del NREL, mediante una técnica de acople de simulaciones. Después, se ha entrenado una red neuronal empleando MATLAB con el objetivo de identificar aquellos sensores más adecuados para detectar estas anomalías, así como su respuesta característica que permita hacer un diagnóstico rápido y fiable del fallo.
Hakkari/Yüksekova Havzasında Yabancı Otlar Üzerinde Saptanan Coleoptera Türleri
Authors: Sırrı Mesut , Özaslan Cumali
Published: October 2023

Hakkari/Yüksekova Havzasında Yabancı Otlar Üzerinde Saptanan Böcek Türleri

Kimyasal ilaçların insan ve çevre sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri bilim insanlarını alternatif yabancı ot kontrol yöntemleri arayışına yöneltmiştir. Bu çalışmada zengin bir biyolojik çeşitliliğe sahip olan Hakkari/Yüksekova Havzasında yayılım gösteren yabancı otlar üzerinde beslenen doğal düşmanların (böcekler) belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Sürvey çalışmaları 2020-2021 yıllarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada 10 farklı familyaya dahil 19 yabancı ot türü üzerinde toplam 56 böcek türü tespit edilmiştir. Bu türlerden önemli bir kısmının (26 tür) Coleoptera takımına bağlı Curculionidae (22 tür) ve Chrysomelidae (4 tür) familyalarına ait oldukları belirlenmiştir. Bölgede Curculionidae familyasına dahil; Lixus elegantulus Boheman, 1843, L. bardanae (J.C.Fabricius, 1787), L. scolopax, Larinus onopordi (Fabricius, 1787), L. minutus Gyllenhal, 1835 ve Rhabdorrhynchus anchusae Chevrolat, 1854 türlerinin konukçu yabancı otların gelişimini ve tohum oluşumunu baskılayabildikleri saptanmıştır. Bu tür potansiyel ajanların yabancı otların biyolojik kontrolünde kullanılması için konukçu test çalışmalarına ihtiyaç vardır.
Identification of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp. Goeldi, 1887) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) Species in Celery (Apium graveolens L.) (Apiaceae) Growing Areas of Çanakkale Province
Authors: YAĞCIKÖSE Şerif Ali , UYSAL Gülsüm , YILMAZ Ayşenur , DEVRAN Zübeyir , GÖZEL Uğur
Published: October 2023

Identification of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp. Goeldi, 1887) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) Species in Celery (Apium graveolens L.) (Apiaceae) Growing Areas of Çanakkale Province

ABSTRACT

In this study, the species and extensiveness of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp. Goeldi, 1887) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) causing yield loss in the celery (Apium graveolens L.) (Apiaceae) production areas of Çanakkale were determined. For this purpose, celery plant roots and soil samples were taken by making non-periodical surveys of a total of 75 different celery growing areas in Çanakkale province and districts in 2020-2021. Female individuals of root-knot nematodes and second-stage juveniles (J2s) from egg masses were obtained from celery samples brought to the laboratory. Morphological identification of root-knot nematode species was done by making sections obtained from perineal regions of female individuals and morphometric measurements were performed from J2s for each population. For molecular identification, DNA was then extracted from samples and analyzed by species-spesific primers referring to the most common Meloidogyne spp.. Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood,1949 in 9 samples and M. arenaria (Neal, 1889) in 5 samples were determined based on morphologic -morphometric and molecular methods. As a result of the study, the rate of root-knot nematode infestation in celery cultivation areas in Çanakkale was determined as 18,6%. The infestation rates of M. javanica and M. arenaria which determined in celery growing areas in the province were 12% and 6.6%, respectively. In this study, M. javanica and M. arenaria species were detected for the first time in the celery fields of Çanakkale province.

Keywords: Celery, Çanakkale, Prevalence, Root-knot nematode
Spanish Consensus on the Management of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps (POLIposis NAsal/POLINA 2.0)
Authors: Alobid I , Colás C , Castillo JA , Arismendi E , del Cuvillo A , Gómez-Outes A , Sastre J , Mullol J
Published: October 2023

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a highly prevalent and burdensome disease for both individuals and health systems. Its management involves many specialties, including otorhinolaryngology, allergology, pulmonology, primary care, pharmacy, and pediatrics. A multidisciplinary approach and the participation of the patient in decision-making are essential, both for diagnosis and for therapy. The authors of the consensus aim to translate current knowledge into an easy-to-read practical guide and emphasize those aspects requiring further discussion or with unmet needs owing to the lack of appropriate scientific evidence. An iterative approach for the development of an evidence-based systematic review with recommendations was followed using a standard quality assessment approach (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network [SIGN] and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence [NICE]). The guideline was critically evaluated using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) and Recommendation Excellence (AGREE REX) instruments. Consequently, POLINA has been considered a high-quality guideline by an independent agency. The POLINA consensus provides new definitions of control, therapeutic management (including surgery and evaluation of severity), indications for use of biologics, and response. Finally, this guideline focuses on unmet research needs in CRSwNP.
Stability indicating gradient liquid chromatographic technique for the simultaneous estimation of rosiglitazone, glimepiride and metformin HCl in pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Patle Deepshikha , Deol Manpreet Kaur
Published: October 2023

A stability indicating high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the anti-diabetic drugs Rosiglitazone, Glimepiride, and Metformin HCl in pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Chromatographic separation was achieved on Zorbex SB C-8 (250 X 4.6 mm) 5µ and Hypersil BDS C18 (200 × 4 mm), 5μ column as stationary phase. Mobile phase consisting of 0.023M potassium dihydrogen phosphate and acetonitrile (60:40, v/v) supplied at a flow rate of 1ml/min. Detection was performed using a SPD-20A prominence UV/VIS detector at 230 nm.

The retention time of rosiglitazone, glimepiride and metformin hydrochloride was achieved at 2.4 min, 4.5 min and 5.6 min respectively. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, toughness, specificity, and forced degradation studies and the relative response factor values of rosiglitazone, glimepiride, and metformin determined from linearity study were 0.998 in the combined form. Rosiglitazone, glimepiride, and metformin HCl showed percentage recoveries of 99.73%, 99.81and 100.31%, respectively. The propesd method found to be very effective and stable for the routine analysis of mentioned antidiabetic drugs in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Detail work on formulation development and evaluation of micro sponges gel of clotrimazole for treatment of vaginal fungal infection
Authors: Jaswal Saloni
Published: October 2023

Vaginal infection is so widespread that women have to seek medical counseling. In fact, almost 70% of women experience vaginal infections in their life. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is responsible for vaginal infections and Candida albicans is the major agent. Vaginal infections are caused by hormonal changes, negative sexual effects, irrelevant quality of life, high mortality rate, depressive mood and various kind of anxiety.

Detail Work on Formulation Development and Evaluation of Micro sponges gel of Clotrimazole for Treatment of Vaginal fungal Infection. The microsponge-based novel delivery system has been developed for vaginal delivery of Clotrimazole. The method adopted was quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion. Formed microsponges were a spherical in shape Different drug–polymer ratio reflected good particle size, drug content and entrapment efficiency. Microsponge-based gel showed in vitro drug release reflected highest regression value for Koshmeyer-Peppas and in vitro antifungal activity of CLZ microsponges gel was higher than the market formulation.

Drug, chemical and solvent to be used are listed as Clotrimazole, Eudragit RL-100, Polyvinyl alcohol, Carbopol 934, Sodium Citrate dihydrate, Citric Acid, Dichloromethane, Triethanolamine, Agar 1. Preparation of citrate buffer pH 4.5 solution 2. Preparation of standard curve of citrate buffer pH 4.5 solution: methanol 3. FTIR spectroscopy 4. Selection of method for the preparation of microsponges 5. Quasi emulsion solvent diffusion (two step method) is selected for the preparation of microsponges 6. Selection of amount of drug (clotrimazole): 7. Selection of optimum volume of solvent (dichloromethane): 8. Selection of amount of emulsifier (polyvinyl alcohol): 9. Preparation of microsponges.

The f23 formulation, which had a manufacturing yield of 66.58%, an entrapment efficiency of 91.26%, and an actual drug content of 67.28 percent, was determined to be more trustworthy than the other formulations. The CDR was 66.18%, and the Flux value was 76.17(g/cm2/h).With (r2)0.9738 and a n value of 0.3981, Koshmeyer Peppas was judged to be the model that suited the data the best.A measurement of the viscosity revealed non-Newtonian flow. The ZOI, which exceeded the advertised preparation, was discovered to be 2.2 cm.

For vaginal delivery of Clotrimazole, a new delivery mechanism based on microsponges has been created. The technique used was solvent diffusion from a quasi-emulsion. Microsponges that had been formed had a spherical shape. Different drug-polymer ratios were indicative of good drug content, entrapment effectiveness, and particle size. Microsponge-based gel demonstrated in vitro drug release that had the greatest regression value for Koshmeyer-Peppas, and CLZ microsponges gel had stronger in vitro antifungal activity than the commercial formulation.
Current views and prospects relating to the use of statins in patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis
Authors: George Joshua , Reddy Pavana , Jacob Stefy , Sunitha M , Chandy Vineeth
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study is to examine the existing evidence concerning the utilization of statins in individuals diagnosed with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Chronic liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, present substantial challenges to public health worldwide. The use of statins in these conditions has been a subject of concern due to potential liver injury risks. However, recent evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies suggests that statins may have positive effects on disease progression, portal hypertension, and hepatocellular carcinoma prevention. These cholesterol-lowering drugs exhibit pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and antiangiogenic properties, which contribute to their potential benefits in chronic liver disease. While further research and randomized controlled trials are needed, statins offer a promising therapeutic avenue to prevent disease progression and improve outcomes in patients with chronic liver diseases.

Despite the global burden of chronic liver diseases and the limited availability of effective medications, statins have emerged as potential agents to address these conditions. Their primary cholesterol-lowering effect is complemented by additional mechanisms that positively impact inflammation, fibrosis, endothelial function, thrombosis, and coagulation. Although concerns persist regarding their hepatotoxic risks, studies have demonstrated the potential of statins to reduce the risk of disease progression, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma development, and mortality. Nonetheless, further large-scale randomized controlled trials focusing on clinical endpoints are necessary to ascertain the efficacy and safety of statin treatment in chronic liver diseases. Overall, statins hold promise as a valuable addition to the treatment armamentarium for chronic liver diseases, warranting further investigation and consideration in clinical practice.
Fundamentos e indicadores de calidad del tamiz neonatal
Authors: Vela Amieva Marcela
Published: October 2023

En los últimos 60 años, el tamiz neonatal (TN) ha representado un éxito indudable de la salud pública mundial y cientos de niños han sido salvados de la discapacidad intelectual y de otros problemas graves, gracias al diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos. En la actualidad gracias a los avances tecnológicos, numerosas enfermedades pueden detectarse mediante los distintos tipos de tamices. Si bien el TN es una de las pocas estrategias preventivas claramente efectivas, todos los programas de tamiz deben ser cuidadosamente planeados, vigilados y auditados para que alcancen su máximo beneficio. El objetivo de este escrito es esbozar algunos de los fundamentos relevantes e indicadores de calidad y desempeño del TN para que el personal de salud los conozca y los aplique.
Navigating the intersection of sustainability and intelligent automation: Opportunities and challenges for entrepreneurs
Authors: Moşteanu Narcisa Roxana
Published: October 2023

The business world is currently undergoing a significant shift towards sustainability and intelligent automation, which presents both promising prospects and formidable hurdles for business owners. The increasing demand for sustainable goods and services, driven by pressing social and environmental issues, opens doors for entrepreneurs to establish companies that address these concerns. Moreover, automation and technological advancements have revolutionized the operational landscape of firms, providing entrepreneurs with novel opportunities to enhance efficiency and foster creativity. However, thriving in this dynamic environment necessitates a fresh skill set and innovative approaches. Entrepreneurs must actively acquire the requisite technological expertise to leverage the potential of intelligent automation while navigating the intricate legislative and social frameworks surrounding sustainability. Furthermore, they must demonstrate agility and adaptability, adept at pivoting strategies and offerings to align with the evolving business panorama. This study’s exploration of the intersection of automation and entrepreneurship resonates deeply with the principles of sustainability. By dissecting the challenges and strategies entrepreneurs use to embrace automation, the research contributes valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on feasible business practices within a burgeoning sustainability. The findings will assist policy makers by providing useful information to cultivate an environment conducive to sustainable, technology-based entrepreneurship.
ТРИБОМЕТРИЧНА МАШИНА ДЛЯ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТРИБОЛОГІЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ПОЛІМЕРІВ
Authors: Марчук Роман , Мнацаканов  Рудольф
Published: October 2023

Проведено аналіз методів та установок для оцінки зношування та дослідження трибометричних параметрів різних матеріалів. Представлена основна структурна схема установки трибометричної машини, розробленої у Національному авіаційному університеті. Наведено основні характеристики установки, метод тестування зразків та параметри роботи, пов’язані з відповідним дослідженням полімерних матеріалів та композитів на їх основі. При виконанні тестування матеріалів використовується стандартизований метод, наведений в ISO 7148-2:2012.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВТОМНОЇ МІЦНОСТІ КОНСТРУКЦІЙНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ ЗА УМОВ АСИМЕТРИЧНОГО ЦИКЛІЧНОГО НАВАНТАЖЕННЯ
Authors: Семак  Інна , Регульський  Михайло , Борозенець Григорій
Published: October 2023

В роботі виконано аналіз стандартних методик випробування на втомну міцність зразків конструкційних матеріалів за умов асиметричного циклічного навантаження. Показано, що втомні випробування конструкційних матеріалів є трудомісткими та довготривалими. Результати досліджень можуть бути використані для розробки стандарту на методи випробування зразків на втому конструкційних матеріалів за умов асиметричного циклічного навантаження, що дозволить значно зменшити обсяг експерименту, необхідного для визначення характеристик опору втомі при асиметричному циклічному навантаженні.
ЗАЛИШКОВІ НАПРУЖЕННЯ ПРИ ЕЛЕКТРОКОНТАКТНІЙ ОБРОБЦІ ПОВЕРХОНЬ ДЕТАЛЕЙ МАШИН ІЗ ГАЗОТЕРМІЧНИМИ ПОКРИТТЯМИ
Authors: Лопата  Олександр
Published: October 2023

У статті, виходячи з принципу еквівалентних напружень адгезійного зв`язку, проведена оцінка залишкових напружень в газотермічному покритті. Для цього використано графічне диференціювання експериментальної залежності адгезійної міцності від товщини покриття. Встановлено функціональний зв'язок  між адгезійною міцністю, товщиною покриття, критичною деформацією основи та залишковими напруженнями. Це дозволяє обирати параметри поверхонь деталей із газотермічними покриттями при їх проектуванні, створенні та експлуатації.
ВЗАЄМОЗВ'ЯЗОК ЗНОСО-ФРИКЦІЙНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ТА ЕНЕРГОНАВАНТАЖЕНОСТІ ПАР ТЕРТЯ ГАЛЬМОВИХ ПРИСТРОЇВ
Authors: Кіндрачук Мирослав , Журавльов  Дмитро , Пріколотін Сергій , Андрейчиков Євген , Бурава  Олександр
Published: October 2023

Розглядається взаємозв'язок зносо-фрикційних властивостей та енергонавантаженості пар тертя гальмівних пристроїв при зовнішньому терті різноіменних пар тертя стрічково-колодкового гальма. Показано вирішальний вплив на динамічний коефіцієнт тертя (f) та інтенсивність зношування (In) максимальної поверхневої температури ( ) на дискретних контактах пар тертя. Проаналізовано графічні залежності вигляду f=f(pa, ) та In =I(pa, ), а λ = λ( ), а = а( ) та НВ = НВ( ) (pa – імпульсних питомих навантажень; λ і а – коефіцієнти тепло та температурності, НВ – твердість за Брінеллем) та встановити їх взаємозалежність від температур поверхонь тертя. У правильно спроєктованому металевому елементі тертя будь-якого вигляду гальмівного пристрою повинні витримуватися величини відношення площ матових і полірованої (робочої) поверхонь. При цьому збільшення площі матової поверхні досягається запровадженням зовнішніх конструктивних елементів. У барабанно- і стрічково-колодкових гальмах це виконання ребер, дефлекторів, канавок, виступів та ін.), в дисково-колодкових гальмах використовують внутрішні розвинені поверхні в самовентильованих дисках (виступи, напівребра, ребра, канали та ін.). Такий підхід пов'язаний із необхідністю інтенсифікації вимушеного охолодження металевих елементів тертя, які є акумуляторами теплової енергії у будь-якому виді гальмівного пристрою. Тому друга і третя підсистеми різних видів гальмівних пристроїв розглядаються з точки зору взаємодії металевих елементів тертя зі швидкісними потоками омиваючого середовища, які знижують їх енергонавантаженість. При оцінці інтенсивності охолодження одночасно з вимушеним охолодженням у стрічково-і барабанно-колодковому гальмі необхідно враховувати кондуктивний вид теплообміну у спряженнях «обід шківа – кріпильний виступ і «обід барабана – бокова стінка». Наявність кріпильного виступу істотно впливає на інтенсивність циркуляції основних та додаткових теплових потоків в обід шківа. Бічна стінка барабана грає істотну роль формуванні термостабілізаційного стану його обода. Зроблено порівняльний аналіз зміни основних експлуатаційних параметрів і встановлена їх взаємозалежність на модельному стрічково-колодковому гальмі при роботі пар тертя в режимах імпульсного і тривалого гальмування.
ВИБІР РЕДУКТОРНИХ ОЛИВ ЗА ФІЗИКО-ХІМІЧНИМИ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМИ
Authors: Кіндрачук Мирослав , Мельник Володимир , Леусенко  Дар'я , Герасимов  Володимир
Published: October 2023

Проведений порівняльний аналіз ефективності роботи мінеральних та синтетичних редукторних олив за основними (стандартними) фізико-хімічними характеристиками. Наведені основні вимоги до редукторних олив, які формулюються сьогодні провідними виробниками зубчастих передач та відображаються у міжнародних специфікаціях та стандартах. Зроблені висновки стосовно сумісності мінеральних та синтетичних редукторних олив.
FORMATION OF ANTIFRICTION SURFACE STRUCTURES UNDER FRICTION
Authors: Shchepetov Vitalii , Kharchenko Olena , Kharchenko Serhii , Kalinichenko  Vitalii
Published: October 2023

The results of the formation of anti-friction surface structures of the developed glass-composite self-lubricating nanocoatings, the structural components of which have a qualitative effect on the graphitization process and ensure the production of a surface layer of α-graphite that minimizes contact parameters, are presented.

The positive role of the glass phase in the form of aluminoborosilicate, which affects the tribotechnical properties of coatings, has been established. It is noted that the increase in adhesive strength is achieved due to the formation of a surface layer of vitreous sodium silicate during sputtering. It was established that the intercalation of the graphite layer with particles of the subsurface zone does not significantly affect the tribotechnical characteristics. The developed nanostructured glass composite coatings showed high anti-friction characteristics in the entire load-speed range of tests.
Xanthomonas wilt of banana
Authors:   The Alliance of Bioversity International, Ethiopia, Blomme Guy ,   The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Ethiopia, Kearsley Elizabeth ,   BlueGreen Labs, Belgium, Ocimati Walter ,   The Alliance of Bioversity International, Uganda,   The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Uganda
Published: October 2023

Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a major banana disease affecting small-holder farms in East and Central Africa. While BXW management practices have been introduced across extensive regions, achieving high levels of disease control and/or eradication has proven difficult. Resurgence of BXW in managed sites and the transmission to new regions are ongoing problems. In this chapter we present an overview of the disease epidemiology followed by the state-of-the-art of BXW control and prevention measures. We address management practices that have shown variable adoption successes, and present innovations recently introduced (including Single Diseased Stem Removal and improved tool sterilization options) or underway (including the development of resistant cultivars, and risk mitigation through early warning systems). Next, we discuss lessons learned from problems that have arisen during phases of implementation of management, the constraints that local farmers face and the shift towards sustainable management through integrated participatory extension services.
Strangulated Left Lateral Inguinal Hernia in a 54-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report
Authors: Sudirman Taufik , Surya Clarissa , Marina Sinta
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Around 20 millions of hernia repairs were done annually with women presenting least cases. The occurrence of inguinal hernia in female patients is 3-6%, which is lower than men (27-43%). Inguinal hernia itself may present as a bulge in the groin in which the definitive treatment is through surgery. Although many research were done for hernia repair in men, guidelines for women are still currently observed with less favourable outcomes.

Case illustration: A 54-year-old woman came to the ED complaining of pain of protruding bulge in the groin area for two hours. The patient has had a history of bulging for three years, which was previously reducible. Examination of the inguinal region revealed a lump with a diameter of +/- 4 cm and painful when palpated. Abdominal USG showed a left inguinal hernia consisting intestinal tissues. Open herniotomy with mesh grafting was performed and the patient got discharged after 4 days of hospitalisation.

Conclusion: Lifetime risk for development of inguinal hernia is higher in men compared to women, but the rate of emergency procedures in women is 3 to 4-fold higher than in men. Guidelines for hernia repair in women show less favourable results than in men. Therefore, special steps must be taken in the repair of inguinal hernia in women.
Intramedullary Spinal Cord Cavernoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Widjaya Ingrid A , Yunus Yesaya , Wahjoepramono Eka Julianta , July Julius
Published: October 2023

Background: Spinal cord intramedullary cavernous malformation (SICM) is kind of rare vascular disease, and the therapeutic strategy is still under debate. Cavernous malformation (CM) can be found throughout the central nervous system (CNS) but only rarely occur within the spinal cord. The purpose of this article is to describe natural history, clinical presentation and outcome of SICM case which treated surgically

Case Presentation: A 70-year-old healthy woman presented with lower extremity weakness. A posterior laminectomy was performed, and a diagnosis of intramedullary spinal cord cavernous malformation was established. Neurological improvement was seen in one month after surgery

Conclusion: Intramedullary CM is a rare disease but one with significant consequences if not managed appropriately. whenever safely feasible, gross total resection is suggested, to prevent rebleeding and further worsened of neurological deficit.
Unravelling the Threads of Ultra-Poverty: A Closer Look at Applique Artisans in Village Ghoradia, Orissa
Authors: Deb Dr Sukamal
Published: October 2023

The village Ghoradia in Puri district, Orissa has more than 1500 families. For ages most of these families, which are mostly from the Dalit community have been trapped by ultra-poverty. In July this year I had the opportunity to visit the village..

A meeting with the artisans of the village was pre-planned, yet we could not find any spacious room in any of their houses where we could conduct this meeting. It was a cramped room where we finally settled, we wanted to discuss with wider cross-section of the artisans, but for these limitations, we had interaction with just 15 applique women artisans on the mud floor as the last option. I had been eager to understand the socio-economic dynamics, absorb the stories that moulded their lives, I was restless to know their stories from their mouths, not from elsewhere. The women folk of this village work on applique. In fact, applique craft is famous in the entire district with Pipili as its hub. The Pipili is no more a village, gradually growing to a commercial destination, a small town for applique related business. Applique is also known as Chandua. The word applique comes from the French word appliquer, meaning “to put on”. In my career as rural development professional, for more than three decades, I always realised that unless you are being accepted, you are being trusted, and you can’t work with them. Returning to hotel, Crystal Urban Park, Bhubaneswar, late night I wrote a brief Facebook post on July 3, 2023 promising to develop a story soon on them as gesture of my gratitude.

        I also visited Dhanakera village. Many of the artisans of Dhanakera panchayat are in ultra-poverty, deprived for ages, the villagers depend on agriculture as their main source of income, mostly marginal farmers. To add to their difficulties, most of their agricultural lands are flood affected, the poor farmers say, there is no mechanism to dispose-off the rain water, of this water-logged areas, as a result of recurrent floods, they have been suffering for long. By the country sides there I could see many people of working age are just gossiping or sitting idle.  Under the pressing situations applique works are the livelihood for the women folk, it is hardly men’s job. Yet, applique items are slow moving items, hardly fetches any remunerative value. The women whom I interacted said the produces in the applique cluster are damped for dearth of market since 2020, this blocked their working capital; render the women artisans out of job.

       What is needed is immediate intervention in terms of design inputs, creating e-commerce platform, finding new markets and educating them on UPI mode of business transactions. The present project of Foundation for MSME Clusters aims to address the gamut of these issues.

This is a case study on the applique artisans, they all are women. The study aims at Unravelling the Threads of Ultra-Poverty: A Closer Look at Applique Artisans in Village Ghoradia, Orissa