bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gradient washout and secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus after brain injury in an infant: a case report
Authors: Chang Nathan , Mariano Karley , Ganesan Lakshmi , Cooper Holly , Kuo Kevin
Published: October 2020

Background

Disorders of water and sodium balance can occur after brain injury. Prolonged polyuria resulting from central diabetes insipidus and cerebral salt wasting complicated by gradient washout and a type of secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, however, has not been described previously, to the best of our knowledge. We report an unusual case of an infant with glioblastoma who, after tumor resection, was treated for concurrent central diabetes insipidus and cerebral salt wasting complicated by secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Case presentation

A 5-month-old Hispanic girl was found to have a large, hemorrhagic, suprasellar glioblastoma causing obstructive hydrocephalus. Prior to mass resection, she developed central diabetes insipidus. Postoperatively, she continued to have central diabetes insipidus and concurrent cerebral salt wasting soon after. She was managed with a vasopressin infusion, sodium supplementation, fludrocortisone, and urine output replacements. Despite resolution of her other major medical issues, she remained in the pediatric intensive care unit for continual and aggressive management of water and sodium derangements. Starting on postoperative day 18, her polyuria began increasing dramatically and did not abate with increasing vasopressin. Nephrology was consulted. Her blood urea nitrogen was undetectable during this time, and it was thought that she may have developed a depletion of inner medullary urea and osmotic gradient: a “gradient washout.” Supplemental dietary protein was added to her enteral nutrition, and her fluid intake was decreased. Within 4 days, her blood urea nitrogen increased, and her vasopressin and fluid replacement requirements significantly decreased. She was transitioned soon thereafter to subcutaneous desmopressin and transferred out of the pediatric intensive care unit.

Conclusions

Gradient washout has not been widely reported in humans, although it has been observed in the mammalian kidneys after prolonged polyuria. Although not a problem with aquaporin protein expression or production, gradient washout causes a different type of secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus because the absence of a medullary gradient impairs water reabsorption. We report a case of an infant who developed complex water and sodium imbalances after brain injury. Prolonged polyuria resulting from both water and solute diuresis with low enteral protein intake was thought to cause a urea gradient washout and secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The restriction of fluid replacements and supplementation of enteral protein appeared adequate to restore the renal osmotic gradient and efficacy of vasopressin.
Enhancing CFD predictions in shape design problems by model and parameter space reduction
Authors: Tezzele Marco , Demo Nicola , Stabile Giovanni , Mola Andrea , Rozza Gianluigi
Published: October 2020

In this work we present an advanced computational pipeline for the approximation and prediction of the lift coefficient of a parametrized airfoil profile. The non-intrusive reduced order method is based on dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) and it is coupled with dynamic active subspaces (DyAS) to enhance the future state prediction of the target function and reduce the parameter space dimensionality. The pipeline is based on high-fidelity simulations carried out by the application of finite volume method for turbulent flows, and automatic mesh morphing through radial basis functions interpolation technique. The proposed pipeline is able to save 1/3 of the overall computational resources thanks to the application of DMD. Moreover exploiting DyAS and performing the regression on a lower dimensional space results in the reduction of the relative error in the approximation of the time-varying lift coefficient by a factor 2 with respect to using only the DMD.
Expected impact of MRI-related interreader variability on ProScreen prostate cancer screening trial: a pre-trial validation study
Authors: Hietikko Ronja , Kilpeläinen Tuomas P. , Kenttämies Anu , Ronkainen Johanna , Ijäs Kirsty , Lind Kati , Marjasuo Suvi , Oksala Juha , Oksanen Outi , Saarinen Tuomas , Savolainen Ritja , Taari Kimmo , Tammela Teuvo L. J. , Mirtti Tuomas , Natunen Kari , Auvinen Anssi , Rannikko Antti
Published: October 2020

Background

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential impact of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) -related interreader variability on a population-based randomized prostate cancer screening trial (ProScreen).

Methods

From January 2014 to January 2018, 100 men aged 50–63 years with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa) in Helsinki University Hospital underwent MRI. Nine radiologists individually reviewed the pseudonymized MRI scans of all 100 men in two ProScreen trial centers. All 100 men were biopsied according to a histological composite variable comprising radical prostatectomy histology (N = 38) or biopsy result within 1 year from the imaging (N = 62). Fleiss’ kappa (κ) was used to estimate the combined agreement between all individual radiologists. Sample data were subsequently extrapolated to 1000-men subgroups of the ProScreen cohort.

Results

Altogether 89% men of the 100-men sample were diagnosed with PCa within a median of 2.4 years of follow-up. Clinically significant PCa (csPCa) was identified in 76% men. For all PCa, mean sensitivity was 79% (SD ±10%, range 62–96%), and mean specificity 60% (SD ±22%, range 27–82%). For csPCa (Gleason Grade 2–5) MRI was equally sensitive (mean 82%, SD ±9%, range 67–97%) but less specific (mean 47%, SD ±20%, range 21–75%). Interreader agreement for any lesion was fair (κ 0.40) and for PI-RADS 4–5 lesions it was moderate (κ 0.60). Upon extrapolating these data, the average sensitivity and specificity to a screening positive subgroup of 1000 men from ProScreen with a 30% prevalence of csPCa, 639 would be biopsied. Of these, 244 men would be true positive, and 395 false positive. Moreover, 361 men would not be referred to biopsy and among these, 56 csPCas would be missed. The variation among the radiologists was broad as the least sensitive radiologist would have twice as many men biopsied and almost three times more men would undergo unnecessary biopsies. Although the most sensitive radiologist would miss only 2.6% of csPCa (false negatives), the least sensitive radiologist would miss every third.

Conclusions

Interreader agreement was fair to moderate. The role of MRI in the ongoing ProScreen trial is crucial and has a substantial impact on the screening process.
Acute kidney injury in severely injured patients admitted to the intensive care unit
Authors: García Alberto F. , Manzano-Nunez Ramiro , Bayona Juan G. , Naranjo Maria P. , Villa Dary Neicce , Moreno Manuel , Ossa Sebastian , Martinez Juan M. , Martinez Nathalia , Puyana Juan C.
Published: October 2020

Background

Our objective was to identify possible associations between clinical and laboratory variables and the risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI) in severely injured patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for whom creatine kinase (CK) levels were available.

Methods

For this retrospective observational study, we analyzed adult trauma patients admitted to the ICU from 2011 to 2015 at Fundación Valle del Lili (FVL) University Hospital. Our primary outcome was the incidence of AKI. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess risk factors for this outcome.

Results

A total of 315 patients were included. The trauma mechanisms were blunt (n = 130), penetrating (n = 66) and blast (n = 44) trauma. The median (interquartile range, IQR) of injury severity score (ISS) was 21 (16–29). AKI developed in 75 patients (23.8%). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the thoracic abbreviated injury scale (AIS) value (median (IQR) in the AKI group: 3 (0–4)), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score (median (IQR) in the AKI group: 18 (10–27)), CK greater than 5000 U/L, lactic acid concentration at admission, and dobutamine administration were independently associated with AKI.

Conclusion

We found that age, APACHE II score, thoracic trauma, lactic acidosis, and dobutamine administration were independently associated with AKI. Trauma surgeons need to be aware of the increased odds of AKI if one of these factors is identified during the evaluation and treatment of injured patients.
Probing the transition from dislocation jamming to pinning by machine learning
Authors: Salmenjoki Henri , Laurson Lasse , Alava Mikko J.
Published: October 2020

Collective motion of dislocations is governed by the obstacles they encounter. In pure crystals, dislocations form complex structures as they become jammed by their anisotropic shear stress fields. On the other hand, introducing disorder to the crystal causes dislocations to pin to these impeding elements and, thus, leads to a competition between dislocation-dislocation and dislocation-disorder interactions. Previous studies have shown that, depending on the dominating interaction, the mechanical response and the way the crystal yields change.Here we employ three-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics simulations with varying density of fully coherent precipitates to study this phase transition − from jamming to pinning − using unsupervised machine learning. By constructing descriptors characterizing the evolving dislocation configurations during constant loading, a confusion algorithm is shown to be able to distinguish the systems into two separate phases. These phases agree well with the observed changes in the relaxation rate during the loading. Our results also give insights on the structure of the dislocation networks in the two phases.
A nuclear magnetic resonance echo data filter method based on gray-scale morphology
Authors: Gao Lun , Xie Ranhong , Guo Jiangfeng , Jin Guowen , Gu Mingxuan , Wu Bohan
Published: October 2020

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) echo data measured in the oil field usually have a very low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). The low S/N of echo data may affect the accuracy of the inversion results, which further leads to the inaccuracy of derived petrophysical parameter estimates. It is therefore important to filter the echo data to enhance the S/N before inversion. Existing filter methods focus on removing noise by compressing the echo data matrix or processing the echo data in time or frequency domain, which are not very efficient and can be affected by artificial interventions. We have developed a gray-scale morphology filter method based on the morphological difference between the echo data and noise. Either elliptical or triangular structure elements can be used for the morphology filter of NMR echo data. The size of the structure elements should be in the range of 1–5 echo spacings to prevent the echo data from being distorted. Comparing the inversion results of the unfiltered, morphology-filtered, singular value decomposition (SVD)-filtered, and wavelet-filtered echo data at different S/Ns, the morphology filter method yields the best results at low S/Ns and the morphology filter method and the wavelet filter method yield similarly good results at high S/Ns. The morphology filter method has the shortest run time compared to the SVD method and the wavelet filter method. Moreover, this morphology filter method is stable to handle random noise and different [Formula: see text] distribution models, and it also performs well on NMR well-logging data.
Improving fault surface construction with inversion-based methods
Authors: Bi Zhengfa , Wu Xinming
Published: October 2020

Constructing fault surfaces is a key step for seismic structural interpretation and building structural models. We automatically construct fault surfaces from oriented fault samples scanned from a 3D seismic image. The main challenges of the fault surface construction include the following: Some fault samples are locally missing, the positions and orientations of the fault samples may be noisy, and surfaces may form complicated intersections with each other. We adopt the Poisson equation surface method (PESM) and the point-set surface method (PSSM) to automatically construct complete fault surfaces from fault samples and their corresponding orientations. Our methods can robustly fit the noisy fault samples and reasonably fill holes or missing samples, thus improving fault surface construction. By formulating fault surface construction as an inverse problem, we estimate a scalar function to approximate the fault samples in the least-squares sense. In PESM, we estimate the scalar function by solving a weighted Poisson equation. In PSSM, the scalar function is derived by fitting local algebraic spheres based on moving least-squares approximations. Then, the fault surfaces can be approximated by zero isosurfaces of the resulting scalar function. To handle complicated cases of crossing faults, we first classify the fault samples according to their orientations, and we take each class of samples as input of our inversion-based approaches to independently construct the crossing faults. We determine the ability of our methods in robustly building the complete fault surface using synthetic and real seismic images complicated by noise and complexly intersecting faults.
Richard Wright and the Black Metropolis: From the Great Migration to the Urban Planning Novel
Authors: McMillan Bo
Published: October 2020

Early twentieth-century Black literature on the city from the likes of Paul Laurence Dunbar, James Weldon Johnson, and Nella Larsen pondered questions of what it meant to be Black and urbane and also how to reformulate Black identity from a new position removed from the violent history of the South. While hints of criticism toward northern segregation appeared in those early works, Richard Wright’s Native Son (1940) offered the first intensive prognostication and condemnation of the ad hoc, discriminatory, and de facto system of segregation appearing in cities like Chicago in response to the Great Migration and used Wright’s informal study of sociology with the Chicago school to animate its project. Native Son, for all of its flaws, first considered how narrative can help explain and unspool the “neutral and egalitarian” guise behind the truly discriminatory urban planning-related practices and policies—from real estate to neighborhood covenants to zoning—that grew up with the start of the twentieth century and that continue to impact American cities through today.
Amyloid-beta peptide and phosphorylated tau in the frontopolar cerebral cortex and in the cerebellum of toothed whales: aging vs hypoxia
Authors: Sacchini Simona , Díaz-Delgado Josué , Espinosa de los Monteros Antonio , Paz Yania , Bernaldo de Quirós Yara , Sierra Eva , Arbelo Manuel , Herráez Pedro , Fernández Antonio
Published: October 2020

Hypoxia could be a possible risk factor for neurodegenerative alterations in cetaceans’ brain. Among toothed whales, the beaked whales are particularly cryptic and routinely dive deeper than 1,000 m for about one hour in order to hunt squids and fishes.

Samples of frontal cerebral and cerebellar cortex were collected from nine animals, representing six different species of the suborder Odontoceti. Immunohistochemical analysis employed anti-β-amyloid (Aβ) and anti-neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) antibodies. Six of nine (67%) animals showed positive immunolabeling for Aβ and/or NFT. The most striking findings were intranuclear Aβ immunopositivity in cerebral cortical neurons and NFT immunopositivity in cerebellar Purkinje neurons with granulovacuolar degeneration. Aβ plaques were also observed in one elderly animal.

Herein, we present immunohistopathological findings classic of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases in humans. Our findings could be linked to hypoxic phenomena, as they were more extensive in beaked whales. Despite their adaptations, cetaceans could be vulnerable to sustained and repetitive brain hypoxia.
Background parenchymal enhancement and breast cancer: a review of the emerging evidences about its potential use as imaging biomarker
Authors: Rella Rossella , Contegiacomo Andrea , Bufi Enida , Mercogliano Sara , Belli Paolo , Manfredi Riccardo
Published: October 2020

Objectives:

To conduct a systematic review of evidences about the relationship between background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) of the contralateral healthy breast and breast cancer: its association with clinicopathological breast cancer characteristics, its potential as predictive and prognostic biomarker and the biological linkage between BPE and breast cancer.

Methods:

A computerized literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar was performed up to June 2020. Two authors independently conducted search, screening, quality assessment, and extraction of data from the eligible studies. Studies were assessed for quality and risk of bias using the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool.

Results:

Of the 476 articles identified, 22 articles met the inclusion criteria. No significant association was found between BPE and invasiveness, histological cancer type, T- and N-stage, multifocality, lymphatic and vascular invasion and histological tumour grade while the association between BPE and molecular subtypes is still unclear. As predictive biomarker, a greater decrease in BPE during and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with pathological complete response. Results about the role of BPE as prognostic factor were inconsistent. An association between high BPE and microvessel density, CD34 and VEGF (histological markers of vascularization and angiogenesis) was found.

Conclusions:

BPE of the contralateral breast is associated with breast cancer in several aspects, therefore it has been proposed as a tool to refine breast cancer decision-making process.

Advances in knowledge:

Additional researches with standardized BPE assessment are needed to translate this emerging biomarker into clinical practice in the era of personalized medicine.
Alan Mozley: An American malacologist in Siberia (1932–1933)
Authors: Vinarski Maxim V.
Published: October 2020

The history of malacological exploration of Siberia, made in 1932 and 1933 by the malacologist Alan Mozley, then affiliated with the Smithsonian Institution, USA, is given, with a discussion of his contribution to the knowledge of taxonomy, biogeography and ecology of freshwater and terrestrial molluscs of Northern Asia. The type specimens of the Siberian species and subspecies, described as new by Mozley, are illustrated, with remarks on the current taxonomic status of these taxa. A social-historical context of Mozley’s trip to Stalin’s Russia is also provided, including its connection to the prosecution of Nikolay Vavilov, a key opponent of “Lysenkoism”.
Effects of Policy Responses to the Spread of Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Briola Helen , Briola Konstantina
Published: October 2020

Covid-19 is a new invisible threat that has affected almost all countries of the world. In this paper we study the effects of policy responses to the spread of coronavirus pandemic. For this purpose, we utilized the dataset of Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) and we examined the correlation of policies with the number of daily coronavirus cases in five countries (Greece, Italy, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom). In order to achieve that, we calculated Kendall Correlation Coefficient and Spearman Correlation Coefficient as well as p-value for the statistical importance of our data. Our results indicate that the policies have a direct impact on the spread of Covid-19.
Δημόσια Διοίκηση και Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση κατά την κρίση του κορωνοϊού
Authors: Mouroutsos Ioannis
Published: October 2020

Σε αυτό το σύντομο άρθρο παρουσιάζονται τα αναγκαία μέτρα που χρειάστηκε να πάρει η Κυβέρνηση σε συνεργασία με άλλους φορείς του κρατικού μηχανισμού για να αντιμετωπίσει την υγειονομική κρίση στον τομέα της Δημόσιας διοίκησης και Τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης. Μέσα στο άρθρο επισημαίνονται ορισμένες από τις μεγάλες αλλαγές που επιχειρήθηκαν για το ψηφιακό κράτος και την ενσωμάτωση των νέων τεχνολογιών στην καθημερινότητα μας όπως επίσης και την χρησιμότητά τους σε ένα εύρος δραστηριοτήτων που αξιοποιούνται σε όλο το φάσμα της δημόσιας διοίκησης, από το στενό δημόσιο τομέα μέχρι την αυτοδιοίκηση πρώτου και δεύτερου βαθμού.
COVID-19 and Leisure: Directions for Policy Makers
Authors: Kantartzi Ioanna Maria , Karlis George
Published: October 2020

Epictetus, the Greek Stoic Philosopher, once said “Happiness and freedom begin with a clear understanding of one’s principle. Some things are within your control; and some things are not”. In adopting Epictetus quote for the current COVID-19 world, it has become more important than ever to realize that freedom and happiness can be intrinsic states that come from within the individual. Leisure, also an intrinsic state, is linked with freedom and happiness, and when leisure, freedom and happiness are experienced, a healthy lifestyle can be under your control and achieved.  The current paper presents the importance of experiencing leisure, freedom and happiness for physical and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic era.   COVID-19 is not only political, social and economic challenge, but also a citizen’s well-being challenge. For this reason, three directions for policy making from the current and post COVID-19 era are presented: 1) the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, 2) individual and community activation and 3) empowering people.
Immigration in the Covid-19 Era: The role of Greece and Turkey, the necessity for a common European immigration and foreign policy
Authors: Papadakis Konstantinos , Zafeiris Konstantinos
Published: October 2020

Immigration and refugee flows in the Eastern Mediterranean migration path have been increased the last two decades, a fact that created the need for coordinated political reaction from the EU, which now faces new challenges because of the Covid-19 pandemic. This article analyses the new challenges Covid-19 creates by focusing on the “lesson learned” of previous pandemics and their effect on mankind and also on the necessity of a common European policy both in the fields of immigration policy and foreign policy towards the stabilization in the Eastern Mediterranean, mainly by focusing on the role of Greece and Turkey.
What are the effects of COVID-19 on the environment?
Authors: Melidis Michail
Published: October 2020

Contrary to the socio-economic aspects of the coronavirus crisis, the environment has comparably attracted lesser attention. To the question, if there is a silver lining to the global pandemic, existing data and studies show that the environment is an unanticipated beneficiary that gives a glimmer of hope for the post-COVID-19 period. Acknowledging the difficulties in conducting in-depth evaluations over the environmental impacts as the pandemic still unfolds, some preliminary inferences can be drawn. The aim of this paper is to outline and analyse the indirect effects of COVID-19 on the environment for a better understanding and knowledge during the lockdown at the international level. Indicatively, some of the positive effects are met in the decrease of GHG emissions, the fall of fossil fuel consumption, the improved air and water quality, and the re-emergence of wildlife. On the other hand, key challenges lie in the significant increase in medical waste, waste management, and environmental pollution.
Building an Instrument by Generating a Function
Authors: Aytemiz Y.
Published: October 2020

Building a musical instrument requires precise calculations of the positions of its holes to obtain desired notes. To make these calculations, sound waves should be examined. Sound is a longitudinal wave and has five distinguishing aspects: amplitude, frequency, wavelength, period, and speed. A note is characterized by the frequency of the wave. In this experiment, the frequencies of notes and the speed of sound in air is used to calculate the length of a closed-end tube needed to obtain that frequency. Then, these values of lengths are used to create sound and the frequencies are measured with a tuner. The water level is changed until the desired frequency is reached. Then, a graph of length and 1/frequency is drawn to experimentally determine the slope, from which a function of length of tube is written in terms of frequency. With this equation, length required for any note can be calculated.
Romanian Canadiana
Authors: Albu Rodica , Petraş Cristina
Published: October 2020

The rise of Canadian Studies in Romania, particularly in the academia, as well as their recent (relative) decline, is presented with emphasis on the last twenty-five years. Individual interest and enthusiasm as well as the foundation of CEACS contributed to the Canadian Studies “boom” in 2000-2012, when Canadian Studies Centers were founded in several important Romanian universities, the number of Canadian Studies classes at BA and MA levels increased, large research projects were completed, PhD theses were initiated and quite a few defended.
How Does the Mobile Channel Reshape the Sales Distribution in E-Commerce?
Authors: Park Yongjin , Bang Youngsok , Ahn Jae-Hyeon
Published: October 2020

This study empirically investigates (1) how the sales distribution in the mobile commerce channel is different from the sales distribution in the traditional PC channel and (2) how mobile commerce channel adoption affects e-market users’ search intensity and their aggregate sales distribution. Our analysis shows that transactions in the mobile channel are more concentrated on “head” products compared with PC channel sales. However, it does not imply that the presence of the mobile channel concentrates the demand on head products in online markets, given that mobile channel users can purchase products in the PC channel as well. On the basis of the subsequent user-level analysis, we reveal that in the case of preference goods such as books, CDs, toys, and fashion items, mobile commerce channel adoption increased e-market users’ search activities and resulted in more “tail” product sales. For quality goods such as PCs, phones, cameras, and digital appliances, however, adoption intensified the search activities but resulted in more head product sales. Finally, for convenience goods such as home supplies and processed foods, adoption discouraged search activities and decreased the choice of tail products.
Set Relations via Families of Scalar Functions and Approximate Solutions in Set Optimization
Authors: Crespi Giovanni Paolo , Hamel Andreas H. , Rocca Matteo , Schrage Carola
Published: October 2020

Via a family of monotone scalar functions, a preorder on a set is extended to its power set and then used to construct a hull operator and a corresponding complete lattice of sets. Functions mapping into the preordered set are extended to complete lattice-valued ones, and concepts for exact and approximate solutions for corresponding set optimization problems are introduced and existence results are given. Well-posedness for complete lattice-valued problems is introduced and characterized. The new approach is compared with existing ones in vector and set optimization. Its relevance is shown by means of many examples from multicriteria decision making, statistics, and mathematical economics and finance.
Integrating Anticipative Replenishment Allocation with Reactive Fulfillment for Online Retailing Using Robust Optimization
Authors: Lim Yun Fong , Jiu Song , Ang Marcus
Published: October 2020

Problem definition: In each period of a planning horizon, an online retailer decides how much to replenish each product and how to allocate its inventory to fulfillment centers (FCs) before demand is known. After the demand in the period is realized, the retailer decides on which FCs to fulfill it. It is crucial to optimize the replenishment, allocation, and fulfillment decisions jointly such that the expected total operating cost is minimized. The problem is challenging because the replenishment allocation is done in an anticipative manner under a push strategy, but the fulfillment is executed in a reactive way under a pull strategy. We propose a multiperiod stochastic optimization model to delicately integrate the anticipative replenishment allocation decisions with the reactive fulfillment decisions such that they are determined seamlessly as the demands are realized over time. Academic/practical relevance: The aggressive expansion in e-commerce sales significantly escalates online retailers’ operating costs. Our methodology helps boost their competency in this cutthroat industry. Methodology: We develop a two-phase approach based on robust optimization to solve the problem. The first phase decides whether the products should be replenished in each period (binary decisions). We fix these binary decisions in the second phase, in which we determine the replenishment, allocation, and fulfillment quantities. Results: Numerical experiments suggest that our approach outperforms existing methods from the literature in solution quality and computational time and performs within 7% of a benchmark with perfect information. A study using real data from a major fashion online retailer in Asia suggests that the two-phase approach can potentially reduce the retailer’s cumulative cost significantly. Managerial implications: By decoupling the binary decisions from the continuous decisions, our methodology can solve large problem instances (up to 1,200 products). The integration, robustness, and adaptability of the decisions under our approach create significant value.
DINÂMICA DE PRAIA E SUSCEPTIBILIDADE ÀS ONDAS DE TEMPESTADES NO LITORAL DA ILHA GRANDE (ANGRA DOS REIS - RJ)
Authors: Silva André Luiz Carvalho da , Gralato Jaciele Da Costa Abreu , Brum Thamyres Cristine Farias , Silvestre Carolina Pereira , Baptista Érika Cardoso da Silva , Pinheiro Ana Beatriz
Published: October 2020

O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar a dinâmica e a susceptibilidade de algumas praias da Ilha Grande (Angra dos Reis, RJ) às ondas de tempestades. Foram selecionadas um total de seis praias: Provetá, Lopes Mendes e Dois Rios (voltadas para o Oceano Atlântico), Grande Araçatiba, Abraão e Pouso (voltadas para o continente). Os monitoramentos foram realizados sazonalmente e foram adquiridos 72 perfis topográficos e 164 amostras de sedimentos na porção emersa e submarina das praias para análise granulométrica e morfoscopia. As praias voltadas para o oceano, como Lopes Mendes e Provetá, apresentaram maior dinâmica e vulnerabilidade às ressacas. A praia de Lopes Mendes, em especial, exibiu forte corrente de deriva litorânea e de retorno, formando canais proeminentes na porção submarina. Tempestades de maior magnitude alcançam o limite interno das praias estudadas na porção sul da ilha e removem grande quantidade de sedimentos, causando exposição de raízes e derrubando árvores; em Provetá, essas ondas também são responsáveis pela destruição de casas no limite interno da praia. As praias voltadas para o continente são menos dinâmicas, mas também se apresentam vulneráveis às ressacas, produzindo ondulações suficientemente fortes para dificultar o embarque e desembarque de passageiros nessas áreas. A dinâmica sedimentar é caracterizada pela mobilidade de materiais entre as partes emersa e submersa das praias e, no caso de Lopes Mendes e Dois Rios, ao longo das mesmas pela corrente de deriva litorânea. A granulometria e o grau de selecionamento dos sedimentos variam bastante, com o predomínio de areia quartzosa, subangular, média, fina a muito fina nas praias voltadas para o oceano, com diminuição do selecionamento do pós-praia para a face de praia; e areia quartzosa, predominantemente subangular, média, grossa e muito grossa nas praias voltadas para o continente, com variação do grau de selecionamento dessas praias.
Global and national perspectives on patient safety
Authors: Tingle John
Published: October 2020

John Tingle, Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses some recent national and global patient safety reports
The role of body image in treatment decision-making and post-treatment regret following prostatectomy
Authors: Shiridzinomwa Constance , Harding Sam , Harcourt Diana
Published: October 2020

Three main treatments are offered to men with localised prostate cancer: active monitoring, radiotherapy and prostatectomy. The aim of this research was to explore the role of body image in treatment decision-making and post-treatment regret following prostatectomy for localised prostate cancer. Data were collected via nine semi-structured interviews. Interviews underwent thematic analysis and four themes emerged: need to prolong life, loss of function and self, post-surgery effects on body image and confidence, and coping strategies. Participants revealed that loss of erectile function following surgery resulted in reduced self-confidence, and changes in their perception of their body.
The Effects of MANSA Historical Board Game toward the Students’ Creativity and Learning Outcomes on Historical Subjects
Authors: Kesuma Ameliasari Tauresia , Harun Harun , Putranta Himawan , Mailool Jefri , Kistoro Hanif Cahyo Adi
Published: October 2020

The constraints of history learning in the Indonesia curriculum are the weekly time is only one hour of lessons and the material is quite dense, if delivered with an explanation and discussion the time is not enough. Therefore, it was sought how to get all material delivered and students not bored. Learning this model is done to condition students as a center of learning, increase creativity and learning outcomes, the project undertaken is called the MANSA Historical board game (MANSA is taken from the abbreviation of our school name). In this case, students are asked to create, design their own board game on a different topic for each group. This study aims to determine the differences in learning outcomes and creativity between the control class and the experimental class of students at senior high schools in Salatiga, Indonesia. The research model used is quasi-experimental. The respondents of the research were 35 students in the experimental class and 35 students in the control class, who had the same homogeneity in creativity and learning outcomes. The results showed that the MANSA Historical board game had a significant effect on creativity and student learning outcomes. It is proven that creativity and student-learning outcomes can be increased. As shown by the mean different test results, there was a difference in the creativity of 0.593 and a learning outcome of 4.224 between the control class and the experimental class before and after treatment. The results showed a difference in learning outcomes between the control class and the experimental class. The average learning outcomes of the experimental class are higher than the average learning outcomes of the control class, as well as student creativity.
Serially Coupled Ring Resonator-MZI Based Optical Bandpass Filter with Wide Bandwidth Tunability
Authors: Kohli Niharika , Sang Bruno Lee , Nabki Frederic , Ménard Michaël
Published: October 2020

We present tunable bandpass optical filters based on serially coupled ring resonators (RRs) coupled to one arm of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with improved tunability and sharper transitions compared to previous MZI-RRs configurations.
Invited presentation: Versatile diamond nanosensor devices
Authors: Nelz Richard , Opaluch Oliver , Hochstetter Axel , Rani Dipti , Oshnik Nimba , Neu Elke
Published: October 2020

We present novel fabrication techniques for single crystal diamond nanostruc-tures containing shallow nitrogen vacancy color centers and their scalability. We demonstrate near-field energy transfer between NV centers and 2D materials and multi-functional sensing capabilities of NV centers.
Dynamically Adaptable Topological Photonics for Nonlinear and Quantum Optics
Authors: Carbajo Sergio , Lemons Randy , Liu Wei , Frisch Josef C. , Fry Alan , Robinson Joseph , Smith Steve
Published: October 2020

We present a generalized light source architecture offering dynamic topological control with a broad ensemble of complex states of light to drive, probe or interact with quantum and nonlinear systems..
Comprehensive frequency chirp characterization of silicon ring resonator modulators
Authors: Weckenmann E. , Bramerie L. , Gay M. , Pérez-Galacho D. , Boeuf F. , Deniel L. , Marris-Morini D. , Peucheret C.
Published: October 2020

The frequency chirping properties of a silicon ring resonator modulator are experimentally investigated and compared to a numerical model. The influence of the wavelength detuning and the modulation frequency are highlighted for the first time.
Second Harmonic Generation in Gallium Phosphide Nano-Waveguides
Authors: Anthur Aravind P. , Haizhong Zhang , Akimov Yuriy , Ong Jun Rong , Kalashnikov Dmitry , Kuznetsov Arseniy I. , Krivitsky Leonid
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate the efficient generation of second harmonic using low power continuous-wave pump in the optical O-band. We use modal phase matching to achieve a conversion efficiency of >0.3% W-1cm-2.
Simultaneously Detecting of Temperature and Concentration of Ethanol liquid by using Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Yu Yi-Lin , Hiroki Kishikawa , Liaw Shien-Kuei , Goto Nobuo
Published: October 2020

We proposed a surface plasmon resonance based fiber sensor which was applied for detecting temperature and concentration of ethanol simultaneous. The measured range of the temperature and concentration were 10-40oC and 0-70%, respectively.
Modeling of Quasi-Phase-Matched Second Harmonic Generation in a Doubly Resonant Cavity
Authors: Arabí C. Mas , Parra-Rivas P. , Ciret C. , Gorza S.P. , Leo F.
Published: October 2020

We propose a mean-field model to describe second harmonic generation in a resonator with a periodic variation of the effective nonlinearity. The model is obtained through an averaging of the propagation equations and boundary conditions.
Fabrication Tolerant Compact Tunable Silicon Nitride Comb Filters
Authors: Armin Fahimeh , Nabki Frederic , Ménard Michaël
Published: October 2020

We propose fabrication tolerant silicon nitride Fabry-Perot optical integrated filters that offer sharp responses with a relatively small footprint. Moreover, micro-heaters implemented on the waveguides can provide tuneability of both the central wavelength and bandwidth.
Generation and coherent manipulation of complex entangled photon states based on integrated quantum frequency combs
Authors: Sciara Stefania , Reimer Christian , Roztocki Piotr , Fischer Bennet , Cortes Luis Romero , Moss David J. , Caspani Lucia , Munro William J. , Azaña Jose , Kues Michael , Morandotti Roberto
Published: October 2020

We exploit integrated quantum frequency combs for the practical generation and coherent manipulation of complex entangled photon states, by using only standard silicon-based chips and fiber telecommunications components.
Ultra-narrowband Bragg grating filters in LiNbO3 on insulator photonic wires
Authors: Prencipe Alessandro , Baghban Mohammad Amin , Gallo Katia
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate integrated resonators with phase-shifted Bragg gratings operating at telecom wavelengths in 500 nm-thick LNOI waveguides, exhibiting transmission bandwidths of 59 pm and 75 pm in single and multi-resonance configurations, respectively.
Gas-Pressure-Tunable Photon-Pair Generation in Sub-Micron Suspended-Core Fibres
Authors: Joly N. Y. , Hammer J. , Häupl D. R. , Pennetta R. , Russell P. St.J. , Chekhova M.V.
Published: October 2020

Four-wave mixing in Ar-filled sub-micron suspended-core fibres is used to generate spectrally tunable entangled photon pairs. A continuous shift of 0.30 THz/bar is measured for the generated sidebands with a coincidence-to-accidental ratio over 104.
Terahertz Hyperspectral Microscopy via Nonlinear Ghost Imaging
Authors: Totero Gongora Juan S. , Olivieri Luana , Peters Luke , Cecconi Vittorio , Cutrona Antonio , Tunesi Jacob , Tucker Robyn , Pasquazi Alessia , Peccianti Marco
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate a Terahertz Ghost-Imaging technique combining nonlinear pattern generation and single-pixel Time-Domain-Spectroscopy (TDS) detection. Our technique allows reconstructing the morphology and spectral features of subwavelength samples.
Experimental Demonstration of Topological Valley-Hall lasing at Telecommunication Wavelength
Authors: Noh Wanwoo , Nasari Hadiseh , Kim Hwi-Min , Le-Van Quynh , Jia Zhetao , Huang Chi-Hsin , Kanté Boubacar
Published: October 2020

We report a single-mode valley-Hall laser at telecommunication wavelength. The degree of asymmetry in a honeycomb photonic crystal governs light confinement regimes in the valley-Hall cavity and enables efficient single-mode operation despite multiple resonances.
Nonlinear Self-Injection Locking: Theory and Experiment
Authors: Voloshin Andrey S. , Liu Junqiu , Kondratiev Nikita M. , Lihachev Grigory V. , Lobanov Valery E. , Kippenberg Tobias J. , Bilenko Igor A.
Published: October 2020

The impact of microresonator nonlinearity on the self-injection locking is studied. The theoretical model is developed and confirmed experimentally using a DFB diode locked to a chip-based microresonator. Nontrivial dynamics is uncovered.
Experimental Mid-Infrared Supercontinuum Generation in a Germanium on Silicon Waveguide
Authors: Torre Alberto Della , Sinobad Milan , Armand Rémi , Luther-Davies Barry , Ma Pan , Madden Stephen , Hartmann Jean-Michel , Reboud Vincent , Fedeli Jean-Marc , Monat Christelle , Grillet Christian
Published: October 2020

We report the first experimental supercontinuum generation in a germanium waveguide. By pumping a low-loss germanium on silicon waveguide with ≈200fs pulses at 4.6 µm, we generated a supercontinuum extending from 3.53 to 5.83 µm.
Simulation of sympathetic cooling an optically levitated magnetic nanoparticle via coupling to a cold atomic gas
Authors: Seberson T. , Ju Peng , Ahn Jonghoon , Bang Jaehoon , Li Tongcang , Robicheaux F.
Published: October 2020

A proposal for cooling the translational motion of optically levitated
magnetic nanoparticles is presented. The theoretical cooling scheme
involves the sympathetic cooling of a ferromagnetic YIG nanosphere
with a spin-polarized atomic gas. The particle–atom cloud coupling is
mediated through the magnetic dipole–dipole interaction. When the
particle and atom oscillations are small compared to their separation,
the interaction potential becomes dominantly linear, which allows the
particle to exchange energy with the

N

atoms. While the atoms are
continuously Doppler cooled, energy is able to be removed from the
nanoparticle’s motion as it exchanges energy with the atoms. The rate
at which energy is removed from the nanoparticle’s motion was studied
for three species of atoms (Dy, Cr, Rb) by simulating the full

N
+
1

equations of motion and was found to
depend on system parameters with scalings that are consistent with a
simplified model. The nanoparticle’s damping rate due to sympathetic
cooling is competitive with and has the potential to exceed commonly
employed cooling methods.
Machine Learning Regression vs. Classification for QoT Estimation of Unestablished Lightpaths
Authors: Ibrahimi Memedhe , Abdollahi Hatef , Giusti Alessandro , Rottondi Cristina , Tornatore Massimo
Published: October 2020

We investigate a Machine Learning regression model for Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio (OSNR) distribution estimation of unestablished lightpaths. The regressor exposes the estimation uncertainty and how close to a threshold each lightpath resides.
Designing Silicon Photonics Systems for High Speed Networks
Authors: Rusch Leslie A. , Zhalehpour Sasan , Sepehrian Hassan , Lin Jiachuan , Shi Wei
Published: October 2020

We have achieved the highest transmission rate with an all silicon Mach Zehnder modulator by a co-design of the silicon chip, the operating point of the modulator, the optical filter and the digital signal processing.
SNR-availability Based Provisioning in Optical Networks
Authors: Kim Inwoong , Wang Xi , Vassilieva Olga , Palacharla Paparao , Ikeuchi Tadashi
Published: October 2020

We review SNR-availability based optical provisioning, that supports fine tunable modulations with probabilistic shaping and maximizes network capacity with guaranteed signal availability, which outperforms fixed SNR margin based provisioning by minimizing margin.
Integrated Photonics for Wireless and Satellite Applications
Authors: Balakier Katarzyna , Mohammad Ahmad W. , Fice Martyn , Carpintero Guillermo , van Dijk Frederic , Seeds Alwyn J. , Renaud Cyril C.
Published: October 2020

The concept of using Photonic Integrated Circuits for generation of tunable mm-wave signals for wireless and satellite communication application is presented. The paper outlines the requirements for frequency stabilization and power consumption of semiconductor lasers when implemented in terrestrial wireless and satellite communication applications.
Coming of Age of AI-Assisted Network Management & Control
Authors: Bock Harald , Morais Rui Manuel , Pedro Joao , Sommerkorn-Krombholz Bernd , Sadasivarao Abhinava , Syed Sharfuddin , Paraschis Loukas , Kandappan Parthiban
Published: October 2020

The utilization of AI/ML techniques in transport networks is a current area of focus of the research community and industry alike. Leveraging the availability of data to improve how networks are operated holds the promise of simplified network operation and enhanced network optimization. However, materializing the promise of AI/ML will demand a joint effort and close cooperation between system vendors and network operators as it can only be achieved through a shift in long standing operational paradigms. That change is already well under way in the transition from Central Office centric networks towards Datacenter networking. This paper discusses the adoption of AI/ML in production networks as part of this ongoing transformation.
Predominant Intermodal Nonlinear Phenomena in Different Types of Multimoded Fibers
Authors: Essiambre René-Jean
Published: October 2020

We summarize important linear and nonlinear transmission properties of uncoupled-core multicore, multimode and coupled-core multicore fibers. The role of linear coupling between spatial modes on nonlinear transmission is discussed.
Vectorial Phase Conjugation for High-Fidelity Mode Transmission Through Multimode Fiber
Authors: Zhou Yiyu , Braverman Boris , Fyffe Alexander , Zhang Runzhou , Zhao Jiapeng , Willner Alan E. , Shi Zhimin , Boyd Robert W.
Published: October 2020

Polarization and spatial mode cross-talk limit the usability of multimode fibers for data transfer. We implement vectorial phase conjugation to transmit modes through standard multimode fiber with an average fidelity of 84.1% for 210 modes.
Colloidal Quantum Wells for High-Efficiency Lasers
Authors: Pelton Matthew
Published: October 2020

Semiconductor nanoplatelets, or colloidal quantum wells, may enable low-cost, high-efficiency lasers at colors throughout the visible spectrum, with potential applications to solid-state lighting.
Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Fabry-Perot Interference for Colored Dye-sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Chen Hsi-Chao , Zheng Ya-Jun , Li Jhong-Yu , Zheng Xin-Ya , Zhuang Yu-Xuan , Chen Wei-Lin
Published: October 2020

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) made by Hummer’s method modified the titanium oxide (TiO2) for Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) with different weight percentage was integrated. Finally, DSSC integrated with Fabry-Perot (F.P) structure to select different colors.
Optical Modeling of Thin Film Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Moshonas N. , Stathopoulos N.A.
Published: October 2020

In this work we conduct optical modeling of a perovskite based p-i-n junction thin film photovoltaic cell. The model is based on the Transmission line theory and provides the means for fast and accurate optimization.
Ellipsometric Characterization of Ag-Bi Films for Application as Epsilon-Near-Zero Materials
Authors: Todorov Rosen , Hristova-Vasileva Temenuga , Atanasova Anna , Katrova Vesela
Published: October 2020

The present work reports structural and ellipsometric characterization of Ag/Bi stacks. It demonstrates a possibility for tuning of the epsilon-near-zero region and reduction of the optical losses in a wide spectral range from 0.75 to 3.5 eV.