bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation of arsenic accumulating bacteria from garbage leachates for possible application in bioremediation
Authors: Taran Mojtaba , Fateh Roohollah , Rezaei Shima , Khalifeh Gholi Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Background and Objectives: Bioremediation is a process to reduce toxic heavy-metals, such as arsenic, in the environment using microorganisms. This study aimed to isolate arsenic remediating microbial strains from garbage leachates and to eval- uate the effects of several factors on bioremediation by isolated strains.
Materials and Methods: After isolating arsenic-resistant bacteria from garbage leachates and determining their MIC values, Taguchi design of experiments was used to evaluate the effect of arsenic concentration, pH solution, temperature, and contact time on arsenic bioremediation by isolated bacteria.
Results: The results revealed that 3 arsenic-resistant strains of genus Bacillus characterized as KL1, KL4, and KL6 had arsenic bioremediation activity. Based on the results, the highest bioremediation of arsenic by Bacillus sp. KL1 was obtained as 77% after 24 hours at 40°C, pH 5, and 150 ppm concentration. However, the maximum bioremediation of arsenic by KL4 (91.66%) and KL6 (88%) was achieved after 24 hours at 40°C, pH 5, and 60 ppm concentration and at 35°C, 90 ppm con- centration, pH 5 after 36 hours, respectively.
Conclusion: The results presented here may facilitate improvements in the eliminating arsenic from contaminated sites and reducing environmental pollutions.
Non-Public Bulk Consumers as Drivers of Eco-innovations
Authors: Rubik Frieder , Müller Ria
Published: April 2019

Environmental innovations are one path towards new “Green Economy” using natural resources only within the boundaries of the ecosystem’s ability to renew itself. The paper focuses on product related demand-side eco-innovations. It addresses commercial procurement. According to the hypothesis of our research, a properly displayed demand for eco-innovative solutions could attract vendors to market their respective products, enhance their further diffusion and thus make non-public bulk consumers acting as change agents for eco-innovations. The analysis shows that bulk consumers play a crucial role as lead buyers. Activating them to purchase eco-innovative solutions requires several pulling and pushing measures: regulatory, economic, informative/communicative, reflexive/discursive, co-operative, monitoring and the role of lead market initiatives. By implication, a demand-side related political promotion could complement the various ongoing efforts for activating public institutions and private end consumers to purchase eco-innovations systematically and more frequently. The strategy of focusing seems promising when it comes to bulk consumers as change agents for innovation. Therefore, the authors advocate further research and pilot actions in the field.
Virtual Reality-Based Product Representations in Conjoint Analysis
Authors: Jasper Jonas
Published: April 2019

Innovations are an important factor for companies to build and sustain a competitive advantage. Even though companies generate up to 51 % of their income with products and services launched less than three years ago, the failure rate of new product development is still at around 90 %. One way to reduce the failure rate of innovations is to conduct customers’ preference measurements in the early stages of new product development processes. However, customers often display a substantial amount of uncertainty when having to evaluate highly innovative products as they may not be able to grasp its features and functionalities. Therefore, some empirical studies have already compared different presentation forms in a conjoint setting. These studies aim to optimize preference measurement results by exposing respondents to state-of-the-art product descriptions in the new product development process. Based on a quantitative-empirical analysis, this thesis contributes to this research vein by integrating virtual reality-based (VR) product representations within a conjoint setting for the measurement of preferences in the development process of a technically complex innovation. The results of this study point out that VR offers the potential for early customer integration within the new product development process.
Peanut genotypes with high chlorophyll content and low leaf temperature are preferred in breeding program for drought prone areas
Authors: Shaibu, A. S. , Motagi B. N. , Muhammad K. S.
Published: April 2019

An understanding of drought stress and water use in relation to plant growth is of importance for sustainable agriculture. Groundnut genotypes respond differently to different stages of drought stress. The aim of this research was to study
the response of groundnut genotypes to different stages of moisture stress. Seven groundnut genotypes (Samnut 25, Kwankwaso, Maibargo, Samnut 23, Samnut 24, EX dakar, and Samnut 21) and three water supply (80% field capacity, 40% field capacity and
without irrigation) with three replications were used for the study. The water stress was imposed after 14 days of initial growth of the plants and was maintained by using TDR to check the moisture level every three days. Significant differences was
observed between the genotypes for leaf temperature and chlorophyll content at two weeks after imposition of moisture stress. Also, significant differences was observed between the moisture levels for all variable measured except for the chlorophyll
content before imposing moisture stress. An interaction effect was observed between the genotypes and water stress for root length and Mai Bargo produced the highest root length when terminal drought was simulated. The research shows that the
genotypes have varying responses to leaf temperature and chlorophyll content and will consistently vary under different moisture stresses. Therefore, genotypes identified with high chlorophyll content and low leaf temperature can be selected as
parents for further breeding program or introduction into drought prone areas.
Investigating the effects of various magnetic field exposure intensities and periods in pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) seeds
Authors: Abdiazar Naser , Zahedi Hossein , Sharghi Younes , Sharmili S. Aruna
Published: April 2019

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of electromagnetic field on germination characteristics of pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). It was conducted in factorial randomized complete design with three replications in
Tarbiat modares University, during 2013-14. Pigweed seeds were subjected to three magnetic field levels created by magnets with 4000G, 5000G and 6000G for exposure times of 5, 35 and 65 minutes followed by which the seeds were placed in petri dishes
and transferred on germinator. The germination characteristics, germination percentage, time to 50% germination, germination evenness and the rate of germination were recorded .The sprouts were bisected in four-leaf stage and they were evaluated in
their morphologic characteristics and the amount of protein and â-amylase enzymatic activity. Results indicated that the mutual effect of the magnetic field exposure duration and intensity was found significant on all the examined traits in pigweed.
The highest and lowest germination in pigweed seeds were recorded with 5000G-5minutes and 6000G-65minutes treatments, respectively. The treatments in which the weed seeds were exposed to 5000G intensity for 65minutes, 6000G for 35minutes produced the
highest and the lowest amounts of protein, respectively. Based on the experiment results the magnetic field exposure intensity and duration influence the germination characteristics, protein content and â-amylase enzymatic activity rate, this can be
a promised method in controlling the weeds in farms.
Experimental hybridization to produce F1 from a cross between gogo-dryland and paddy-field rice cultivars subjected to different environmental conditions in Indonesia
Authors: Adiredjo A.L. , . Damanhuri , . Respatijarti
Published: April 2019

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple crop in Indonesia. Despite its main importance for the Indonesia’s food supply, the production is influenced by several factors. One factors which influence rice yield is drought stress. The experiment was
conducted in two fields namely Talok village and Jatimulyo village. The parental lines were gogo-dryland and paddy-field rice types. In Talok village, the success rate of hybridization ranged from 47% to 85% while in Jatimulyo village 16.33% to
38.67%. The result of student T-test for the width of brown rice in Talok village field showed a significant difference through Situ Bagendit x Ciherang and Situ Bagendit x Cibogo. While in Jatimulyo village field, student T-test for the length of
brown rice showed very significant difference through Inpago x IR64 and Inpago x Ciherang. Besides, the width of brown rice showed very significant difference through Inpago x IR64 and Inpago x Ciherang.
Heterosis studies for yield and agronomic traits in Thai upland rice
Authors: Sari W. K. , Nualsri C. , Junsawang N. , Soonsuwon W.
Published: April 2019

The exploitation of heterosis and heterobeltiosis are the promising way for raising yield potential in crops. Twenty-eight F1 hybrids and their eight parents were evaluated to estimate the heterosis and heterobeltiosis of yield and other
agronomic traits in Thai upland rice. Significant differences of analysis of variance were observed for all studied traits, indicating the existence of worth genetic variability among the hybrids and their parents. The highest significant positive
heterosis and heterobeltiosis was attained by Dawk Pa-yawm × Hawm Mali Doi for number of tillers (90.59%; 58.82%) and number of panicles plant-1 (60.35%; 46.14%), and panicle length (heterobeltiosis: 20.05%), but highest significant negative
heterosis for plant height (-8.90%). Likewise, Nual Hawm × Khun Nan showed the highest significant positive heterosis and heterobeltiosis for yield components, viz., number of filled grains panicle-1 (57.39%; 52.25%), spikelet fertility (25.01%;
21.16%), 1000 grain weight (heterosis: 12.85%) and grain yield plant-1 (heterosis: 19.86%), but highest significant negative for days to flowering (-17.52%; -6.03%) and days to maturity (-12.00%; -4.91%). These crosses were recommended as the most
promising combinations to gain early favorable segregants and developing high yielding upland rice hybrid varieties by heterosis breeding.
Effect of planting methods and weed management practices on yield of green gram {Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek}, weed dynamics vis a vis phytotoxicity in green gram
Authors: Yadav Rekha , Kumar Satish , Dhaka Anil Kumar , Kumar Neeraj
Published: April 2019

An experiment was carried out to find out suitable method of planting and weed management in green gram grown during the kharif season of 2014 and 2015. The density of E. colona and C. rotundus was significantly reduced in raised bed planting
method. Significant reduction in total dry weight of weeds was obtained in raised bed planting method as compared to conventional and zero till planting method. Maximum weed control efficiency was found in raised bed planting method. Significantly
more number of seeds pod-1 were observed in raised bed planting method as compared to conventional and zero till planting method. Seed yield and straw yield were found maximum in raised bed planting method during both years of study and were
statistically at par in conventional and zero till planting method. Harvest index was not influenced by planting methods. Phytotoxicity on crop due to different herbicides was similar under different planting methods. Among different weed management
treatments, HW at 15 and 30 DAS was found most effective in reducing density and dry weight of weeds during crop growing period except at 15 DAS (where weeding was done after taking observation). Maximum weed control efficiency was observed in HW (15
and 30 DAS). Weedy check treatment resulted in minimum while weed free treatment resulted in maximum number of seeds pod-1. Among the treatments having herbicide application, post emergence application of Imazethapyr @ 100 g ha-1 resulted in maximum
seed and stover yield.
Response of pigeonpea to season, halopriming and plant bioregulators intervention in relation to plant physiology and yield potential
Authors: Vanitha C. , Kathiravan M.
Published: April 2019

Pigeonpea seeds were primed with CaCl2 (2%), ZnSO4 (100 ppm), KH2PO4 (1%), KCl (1%), MnSO4 (100 ppm) and water. Primed seeds of ZnSO4 showed increased germination (92 %), drymatter production (0.399 mg seedlings-10) and least values for
electrical conductivity (0.110 dSm-1), leachate aminoacid (37.82 mg g-1) and lipid peroxidation (0.137 OD). The best priming treatment was taken to field trial. The plant bioregulators viz., GA3 (200 ppm), NAA (200 ppm), miraculan 2.0 ml/l, cytozyme
2.0 ml/l, CCC 200 ppm and diammonium phosphate 2% were sprayed at 65 days and 80 days after sowing. Under field trial seed priming with ZnSO4 (100 ppm) and foliar spray with CCC 200 ppm reduced the plant height (131 cm), produced more number of
branches (18), flowers (993), pods (527), highest seed yield (1520 kg/ha) and 100 seed weight (8.77 g) in kharif season.
Changes in soil carbon stock in Mewat and Dhar under cereal and legume based cropping systems
Authors: Chakrabarti B. , Bandyopadhyay S.K. , Pratap D. , Pathak H. , Mittal R. , Harit R.C.
Published: April 2019

Soil organic carbon is strongly affected by agricultural management practices. Cropping systems can influence the amount of carbon present in soil. Increase in SOC can be related with the choice of crops present in the cropping sequence as
well as on the management practices followed. The present study was undertaken to quantify the changes in soil carbon stock under different cropping systems. Two major cropping systems i.e. pearlmillet-wheat and pearlmillet-mustard were selected in
Mewat, Haryana while soybean-wheat cropping systems was identified in Dhar, Madhya Pradesh. Results showed that SOC of surface soil layer decreased from 0.42% to 0.39% in pearlmillet-mustard cropping system during the study period. But in
soybean-wheat cropping system it increased from 1.14% to 1.24%. Legume based cropping system showed enhancement of surface soil carbon.
Fungitoxic effect of inorganic salts for the management of seed borne Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium sp. causing charcoal rot and wilt disease in blackgram
Authors: Indra N. , Kauvyashree A. S. , Swetha D. S. , Asmina M. , Shalini .
Published: April 2019

The laboratory experiments were carried out to study the effect of different salts viz., potassium chloride (KCl), potassium phosphate dibasic (K2HPO4), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and ammonium molybdate (NH4)6
Mo7O24) on seed borne M. phaseolina and Fusarium sp. as an alternative to synthetic fungicides for the control of charcoal rot and wilt diseases in blackgram. The evaluation of different salts was performed in vitro using various concentrations viz.,
0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 per cent (w/v). Among the salts tested against M. phaseolina, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and ammonium molybdate at 0.5, 2.0 and 4.0 per cent respectively inhibited the fungal growth. Among the salts tested against
Fusarium sp. sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) at 4.0 per cent concentration recorded complete inhibition of the mycelial growth compared to the other salts. Also seed priming of these salts significantly reduced the seed borne infection due to M. phaseolina
and Fusarium sp. under standard blotter test. The salts like potassium chloride and potassium phosphate dibasic (K2HPO4) at all concentrations did not inhibit M. phaseolina and Fusarium sp. which recorded 100 per cent mycelial growth as that of
control.
Nodulation pattern and its association with seed yield in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasms
Authors: Roy Anindita , Ghosh Sanhita , Kundagrami S.
Published: April 2019

The present research was designed to ascertain some new high yielding chickpea germplasms with associated desirable nodulation pattern. Evaluation of sixty chickpea germplasms collected from different sources were assessed at Calcutta
University’s experimental farm during rabi season for four consecutive years from which twenty five were selected as high yielding germplasms. These high yielding germplasms were chosen to evaluate the nodulation pattern at various physiological
stages under field conditions. In all three physiological stages, highly significant differences were observed for the traits like the number of nodules plant-1, nodule fresh weight, nodule dry weight and seed yield plant-1 except nodule size.
Positive and significant genotypic associations were found between numbers of nodule plant-1, nodule fresh weight, nodule dry weight with seed yield plant-1. Digbijoy, CUSL4 and CUML4 could be considered as worthy resources in future due to high
nodulation pattern and presence of active nitrogenase enzymes at pod initiation stage.
Studies on drying characteristics and techno-economic analysis of sprouted moth beans (Vigna aconitifolia) in solar tunnel dryer
Authors: Badgujar C. M , Karpe O. S. , Kalbande S. R.
Published: April 2019

A commercial solar tunnel dryer (STD) was evaluated for drying of sprouted moth beans and also its techno-economic analysis was carried out. The maximum temperature 58ºC was recorded at 13:00h in STD during the drying process i.e. 41.0%
(34.2ºC) higher than the maximum ambient temperature at the same time. A total drying time of 13:50h were required in STD to reduce the initial moisture content from 177.7% dry basis (d.b) to a final moisture content of 16.6% (d.b). However, the open
sun drying took 16.5 drying hours to obtain desired moisture content. The net present worth and cost-benefit ratio of dryer was Rs.5,83,910.68/- and 1.19, respectively. However, the payback period for STD was 15 month 8 days. The cost economics of
dried products were proved better for STD than open sun drying method. STD samples were found to be of good quality in terms of color, taste and aroma as compared to open sun dried (OSD) with an overall drying efficiency of STD was 19.7%. Therefore,
the evaluated solar tunnel dryer were recommended for the drying of sprouted moth beans.
Dry matter yield and nitrogen content in Lupinus spp. (Leguminosae) with potential as a green manure
Authors: Hernández I. Zapata , Macías Rodríguez , López P. M. García , Perez E. Salcedo , Rivera A. Lara , Zamora Nater J. F.
Published: April 2019

The potential of Lupinus exaltatus, L. mexicanus, and L. rotundiflorus foliage as green manure in terms of total dry matter production and nitrogen (N) content was evaluated. This study was conducted from November 2015 to March 2016 in
Zapopan Jalisco, México. The experiment was established in a randomized 3×7 block factorial design. Whole plants, leaves and stems were collected at different periods after sowing and analyzed for N and dry matter content. At the start of the
experimental period, a slow growth was observed, based on dry matter production; however, at 93 days after sowing, both biomass and total N increased in the aerial part. The lowest and highest N content was found in L. rotundiflorus (1.2 to 4.0%).The
highest dry matter and N accumulated in whole plants were found in L. exaltatus at 169 days after sowing with 21,605 and 410.6 kg ha-1, respectively.
Selection of high-yielding, high-tech varieties of field pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Ayupov D. S. , Davletov F. A. , Asylbaev I. G. , Kuznetsov I. Yu. , Davletov I. I. , Dmitriev A. M. , Vakhitova R. K. , Satarov M. Yu. , Avsakhov F. F. , Irgalina R. Sh.
Published: April 2019

One of the major challenges facing the selection of leguminous crops, and pea in particular, is to increase their technological properties and yield. An important problem is also the increase of protein content in the seeds. The aim of this
work was to create a high-tech variety of field peas with a short growing period. By repeated individual selection from the hybrid population of the Chishminsky 95 × Usach field pea, a precocious, highly productive PamyatiHangildina variety of pea
(leafless) was obtained. The combination of new mutant traits in one plant (seed shedding - def gene, leafless type - af gene) and elements of productivity structure with optimal level of their development allowed the variety to successfully pass all
tests and in 2012 it was included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation . For an average of 5 years of competitive testing, the variety had a seed yield of 1.62 t/ha, exceeding the standard (control) by 0.67 t/ha.
The created variety has a short growing period and a high content of protein in the seeds. The research results could be successfully used in the selection of improved peas.
Internet Usage and Its Addiction Level among Students in a Selected College in Ras Al Khaimah Emirate: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: El-Kader Rabab Gad Abd , Hanson Victoria Funmilayo
Published: April 2019

Background and aim: The internet is a worldwide area network that connects computer system throughout the world providing a variety of information and communication. Internet addiction is defined as any online-related, compulsive behavior which interferes with normal living and causes severe stress on family, friends, loved ones, and one's work environment. Aim: This study assessed the internet usage and its addiction level among university students in a selected university in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirate. University students are highly predisposed to internet addiction which can affect their personal, family, educational, interactive and societal life. Study design: A cross-sectional design .The sample of the study consisted of 110 nursing students who were selected using convenient sample. Internet addiction test, internet usage questionnaire and student attitude scale were used as data collection instruments.Results: The findings showed that more than half (50.9%) of students were aged 21-<25 years, with more than two- fifth (45.5% of them being average online internet user. Less than two-third (62.7%) of students had favorable attitude towards internet usage. There is a positive correlation between internet addiction score and age of the study group with no statistically significant differenceConclusions: the study concluded that nursing students are average internet users, they have favorable attitude to internet use, with positive correlation between internet addiction score and age, though experiencing occasional problems. The use of social networking sites, especially by the young people, should be done sparingly so as not to provoke extreme behaviors and negative impact to their education performance and social life that can lead to destruction of the life of youths globally as revealed in this study Internet addiction is a serious problem among university students generally which indicates the need for more public attention and resources to develop effective prevention/intervention strategies.
Potensi Antibakteri Empat Species Lactobacillus dari Susu Fermentasi Terhadap Mikroba Patogen
Authors: Dwyana Zaraswati
Published: April 2019

Salah satu kelompok bakteri asam laktat yang banyak ditemukan pada susu fermentasiadalah Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus spp danLactobacillus acidophilus. Dalam studi ini ketiga species digabungkan untukmengetahui efektifitasnya sebagai probiotik yang mampu menghasilkan senyawaantibakteri terhadap bakteri patogen. Uji antibakteri dilakuan dengan metode difusiagar pada medium Glukosa Nutrient Agar. Bkateri patogen yang diujikan adalahEscherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans. Hasil uji antibakteriterhadap kombinasi kultur diketahui bahwa Lactobacillus bulgaricus denganLactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus bulgaricus dengan Lactobacillus sp, Lactobacillusacidophilus dengan Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus achidophilus denganLactobacillus sp, Lactobacillus achidophilus dengan Lactobacillus bulgaricus,Lactobacillus sp dengan Lactobacillus casei dari dapat menghambat pertumbuhanStaphylococccus aureus, Escherichia coli dan Candida albicans. Diameter zonahambatan yang terbesar adalah variasi Lactobacillus bulgaricus dengan Lactoabacillusspp terhadap Candida albicans sebesar 19,33 mm, variasi Lactobacillus acidophilusdengan Lactobacillus casei terhadap Staphylococcus aureus sebesar 19,83 mm,sedangkan variasi Lactobacillus lactis dengan Lactobacillus casei terhadap Escherichiacoli sebesar 29,49 mm.
System Dynamic Model for Lake’s Water Flow: A Case Of Situ Binong, Cikarang, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Aprianto Muchammad Chusnan
Published: April 2019

This study aims to develop a dynamic system model that describes the relationship ofwater, socio-economic, and water resources (lake size) sub-systems in Situ Binong. In addition,this study also aims to make predictions of water resources conditions (lake size) Situ Binong forthe next 5 years. The model is prepared using a dynamic system approach. The Situ Binong waterflow model is available water resources consisting of 3 sub-systems namely natural water flowsub-systems, socio-economic, and water resources Situ Binong. The result of the research showsthat the requirement of Situ Binong water resources every year is increasing so that the volume ofSitu Binong is decreasing. In addition, the volume of water resources Situ Binong influenced bysupply and demand. Supply comes from domestic waste and natural water flow such asprecipitation, infiltration and surface flow. While demand comes from WTP intake, irrigation, andevaporation.
Composition and Density of Fouling Organism on the Wood Harbour at Karang-Karangan, Bua District, Luwu Regency
Authors: P Elki Julianto , Litaay Magdalena , Priosambodo Dody
Published: April 2019

The Research on Composition and Abundance of Biofouling Biota at Woodenpier at Karang-Karangan Beach Bua Sub-district of Luwu Regency was conducted from December 2016-June 2017. The purpose of this research is to know the types of macrobiofouling, and the abundance of macrobiofouling on the wooden pier on the Beach Coral-Karangan, Bua Sub-district, Luwu Regency. Sampling method using a quadrant plot and performed two data retrieves on the poles of wooden pier which were either exposed or unexpressed by water with 12 point stations. The results showed there were 8 species of 6 families: Saccostrea sp (ostreidae), Saccostrea cucullata (Ostreidae), Littoraria scabra (Littorinidae), Thais rufotincta (Muricidae), Septifer sp (Mytilidea), Cladophora glomerata (Cladophoraceae), Balanus sp (Balanidae), and Haemocinus sp (Planopilumnidae). Saccostrea sp has the highest average abundance ofmacrobiofouling on exposed wooden pier (223 ind/m 2). The lowest abundance of Thais rufotincta and Haemocinus sp (1 ind/m2), respectively.
Management of Bone Defects in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty with Use of a Stepped, Porous-Coated Metaphyseal Sleeve
Authors: Angerame Marc R. , Jennings Jason M. , Holst David C. , Dennis Douglas A.
Published: April 2019

Background:

Revision total knee arthroplasty is a costly operation associated with many challenges including bone loss in the distal end of the femur and proximal end of the tibia
1,2
. Reconstruction of bone defects remains a difficult problem that may require more extensive reconstruction techniques to restore mechanical stability and ensure long-term fixation. Use of porous-coated metaphyseal sleeves is a modern technique to address bone deficiency in revision total knee arthroplasty
3,4
. Midterm reports have shown excellent survivorship and osseointegration
5–7
.

Description:

The use of a porous-coated metaphyseal sleeve begins with intramedullary canal reaming to determine the diameter of the diaphyseal-engaging stem. Bone loss is assessed followed by broaching of the tibial and/or femoral metaphyses. Broaching continues until axial and rotational stability are achieved. The sleeve typically occupies most, if not all, of the proximal tibial and distal femoral cavitary osseous defects often encountered during revision total knee arthroplasty. However, a sleeve does not address all distal and posterior femoral condylar bone loss, for which augments are often required.

Alternatives:

Previously described methods to address various bone deficiencies include use of morselized or structural bone-grafting, reinforcing screws within cement, metal augments, and metaphyseal cone fixation
8–17
.

Rationale:

Structural allografts or metal augments remain a suitable option for uncontained metaphyseal defects. Metaphyseal structural allografts may undergo stress-shielding, resorption, and late fracture. Metaphyseal sleeves offer long-term biologic fixation to host bone while creating a stable platform to receive a cemented femoral and/or tibial component
7
. This hybrid combination may provide mechanically protective properties to decrease the loads at the cement-bone interfaces and enhance loads to metaphyseal bone to ensure long-term implant fixation in the setting of substantial bone deficiencies
18–20
.
Association entre les polymorphismes exons 1 et 3 du gène de la myostatine et les caractères morphologiques de la race chèvre rouge du Sokoto nigérian
Authors: Sanni M.T. , Okpeku M. , Adeleke M.A. , Wheto M. , Olowofeso O. , Oluwatosin B.O. , Adebambo O.A. , Ikeobi C.O.N.
Published: April 2019

Des exons de gènes contrôlent l’information génétique qui est transcrite et traduite en un produit protéique qui produit, directement ou indirectement, des phénotypes observés de caractères. La nécessité de disposer d’informations génétiques, en relation avec les locus qui affectent les caractères de performance, peut être un outil important dans le programme de sélection. La recherche s’est concentrée sur la génétique, l’amplification et le séquençage du gène de la myostatine à partir du sang de la race de chèvre Red Sokoto du Nigéria et sur l’association avec les caractères morphologiques. Les caractères morphologiques, y compris le poids corporel, la hauteur du garrot, la longueur du corps et la profondeur de la poitrine ont été évalués à l’aide d’un équipement standard simple. Le résultat du séquençage des exons 1 et 3 du gène de la myostatine provenant de la chèvre Red Sokoto, largement gérée, a révélé que les régions des exons 1 et 3 sont polymorphes, l’exon 1 étant plus polymorphe. Trois des cinq polymorphismes mononucléotidiques non synonymes obtenus dans l’exon 1 ont eu des effets non neutres possibles sur la fonction protéique. Inversement, un polymorphisme mononucléotidique non synonyme trouvé dans l’exon 3 avait un effet neutre possible sur la fonction de la protéine. La régression logistique a révélé qu’un variant non-synonyme à la région de l’exon 1 du gène de la myostatine était associé à la longueur du corps chez la chèvre rouge Sokoto largement gérée. Cette étude préliminaire sur le gène de la myostatine dans la race chèvre rouge Sokoto au Nigeria a comblé un manque en fournissant une référence valable sur le gène de la myostatine et / ou ses régions intermédiaires, par exemple les exons 1 et 3. Ces connaissances seraient utiles présenter de précieuses ressources pour de futures études sur la génomique caprine.
Dinámica folicular de vaquillas Criollas al pastoreo en el altiplano ecuatoriano
Authors: Ayala L.E. , Pesantez J.L. , Rodas E.R. , Dután J.B. , Calle J.R. , Murillo Y.A. , Vázquez J.M. , Nieto P.E. , Ortega V.V. , Samaniego J.X.
Published: April 2019

El objetivo fue caracterizar el patrón de comportamiento de la dinámica folicular en vaquillas Criollas (CR) al pastoreo en la sierra alta del Ecuador. Se realizó en la granja experimental Irquis de la Universidad de Cuenca, en el año 2016. El peso promedio fue de 243,3±45,0 kg. Condición corporal (CC) 2,5±0,4, escala 1-5 puntos. Edad 19,9±4,8 meses. Se realizaron ecografías diarias durante un ciclo estral. Cada 48h se determinó los niveles de Progesterona (P4). Se estableció un patrón de dos y tres ondas foliculares (44,4 y 55,6%, respectivamente). El promedio de duración del ciclo estral fue de 20,3±0,03 días (dos ondas) y de 23,6±0,02 días (tres ondas). El tamaño del folículo preovulatorio (FPO) fue de 15,3±0,04mm para animales de dos ondas y para las de tres ondas 13,8±1,48mm. El folículo subordinado (FS) alcanzó su máximo tamaño el día 4,0±0,04, con 8,0±0,04mm (dos ondas) y 4,8±0,03 días con 7,4±0,03mm (tres ondas). El desarrollo del cuerpo lúteo (CL) presentó tres fases: crecimiento (hasta el día 6), estática (6-18 días) y regresión (>18 días). En el día 12 el CL alcanzó su mayor tamaño 21,7±1,45mm y 23,5±0,61mm para animales de dos y tres ondas, respectivamente. La P4 alcanzó niveles superiores a 1ng/ml a partir del día 4 (5,8±3,35ng/ml dos ondas y 5,1±1,15ng/ml tres ondas). Los niveles de P4 durante el ciclo estral fueron más altos que los reportados en otras razas. En conclusión, las vaquillas de genotipo Criollo poseen características propias, las cuales se ven influenciadas por el patrón de comportamiento folicular (dos o tres ondas).
Fontes de variação da produção e composição de leite em vacas Holandesa, Jersey e Girolando
Authors: Ludovico A. , Trentin M. , Rêgo F.C.A.
Published: April 2019

Este estudo teve o objetivo de quantificar os efeitos do grupo genético, estresse térmico e a contagem de células somáticas (ECS) sobre a produção de leite de vacas das raças Holandesa, Jersey e genótipos da raça Girolando, em clima subtropical. Foram utilizados 14181 registros de controle leiteiro mensal das raças Girolando, Jersey e Holandesa, durante 7 anos. As vacas foram mantidas em pastagens, com suplementação alimentar e acesso à sombra. Dados de estação meteorológica foram utilizados para a determinação do Índice de Temperatura e Umidade (THI). Ano, ordem da lactação, período de lactação, THI e ECS foram fixados como covariáveis. A raça Holandesa obteve maior produtividade, exceto de gordura. Na raça Girolando, a produção de leite e lactose não diferiu da raça Jersey, sendo os demais parâmetros de produção inferiores a esta raça. As concentrações de componentes do leite (%) foram maiores no leite da raça Jersey, exceto o teor de lactose. A raça Holandesa apresentou os menores teores de componentes do leite, exceto de lactose. O aumento de ECS resultou em diminuição da produção de leite que totalizou 26,3; 35,43 e 28,25% nas raças Girolando, Jersey e Holandesa, respectivamente. A elevação do THI teve maiores efeitos na raça Holandesa, na qual o aumento do THI diminuiu 12,4% da concentração de gordura e 5,5% de sólidos totais no leite. Conclui-se que a maior produtividade foi obtida com a raça Holandesa e maior qualidade com a raça Jersey. ECS acima de um diminui linearmente a produção de leite em todas as raça. Raças com maior proporção de genes da raça Holandesa são mais susceptíveis ao estresse térmico.
Análisis bromatológico y producción de gas in vitro de forrajes utilizados en el trópico seco mexicano
Authors: Almaraz-Buendía I. , García A.M. , Sánchez-Santillán P. , Torres-Salado N. , Herrera-Pérez J. , Bottini-Luzardo M.B. , Rojas-García A.R.
Published: April 2019

La calidad de los pastos tropicales se relaciona con su uso en la producción de rumiantes, ya que estos basan su alimentación en su consumo. El objetivo fue determinar el análisis bromatológico, producción de gas in vitro y características fermentativas de nueve pastos utilizados en la alimentación de rumiantes en el trópico seco mexicano. Los pastos fueron bermuda, mulato, insurgente, estrella, bramilla, llanero, mombaza, pará y pangola a 56 d de rebrote. En los pastos se determinó proteína bruta (PB), cenizas (Ce), fibra neutro detergente (FND), fibra ácido detergente (FAD), cinética de fermentación, producción de gases, ácidos grasos volátiles (AGV), conteo de bacterias totales, degradaciones de materia seca (DEGMS), fibra neutro detergente (DEGFND) y fibra ácida detergente (DEGFAD). La PB fue mayor en mombaza y pará. La FND fue menor en llanero, mombaza, mulato y pangola. La Ce fue menor en estrella y llanero (P< 0,05). La FAD no mostró diferencias entre pastos (P> 0,05). La producción de metano (CH4) fue mayor en bramilla, llanero, mombaza y pangola a las 24 h, bermuda mayor a las 48 h y estrella, insurgente y pangola a las 72 h (P< 0,05). La producción de gas total fue mayor para mombaza. La DEGMS fue mayor en mombaza y mulato. La DEGFND fue mayor en mombaza y la DEGFAD fue mayor en bermuda, insurgente, mombaza y mulato (P< 0,05). El conteo de bacterias fue mayor en bramilla, estrella, pará y mombaza (P< 0,05). Los pastos no mostraron diferencias en acetato, butirato y AGV totales (P> 0,05). Se concluye, el pasto mombaza obtuvo las mejores características bromatológicas, las mejores producciones de gas total, donde el metano representó 40,3 % y las mayores degradaciones de las fibras detergentes neutra y ácida.
Rendimento quântico e eficiência de uso da água de genótipos de palma forrageira no Semiárido brasileiro
Authors: Aires Souza J.T. , Da Silva Ribeiro J.E. , De Farias Ramos J.P. , Hauss de Sousa W. , Silva Araújo J. , Ferreira Costa Lima G. , Alves Dias J.
Published: April 2019

A seleção de novos genótipos de palma forrageira é essencial, principalmente pelo reduzido número de materiais existentes, para isto a avaliação dos aspectos fisiológicos pode ser um importante critério a se considerar. Neste contexto, realizou-se um experimento de janeiro a novembro de 2016 na Estação Experimental Benjamim Maranhão, pertencente à EMEPA-PB no município de Tacima, estado da Paraíba, Brasil, objetivando avaliar o rendimento quântico e eficiência de uso da água de genótipos de palma forrageira no Semiárido brasileiro. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos, correspondentes aos genótipos V07 Negro Michoacan, V14 Califórnia, T03 Raio Vigor, T42 Amarilla Vach, FR Direkteur e F16 Oreja de Elefante, todos de origem mexicana, oriundos do banco de germoplasma da EMEPA e três repetições, com 20 plantas por unidade experimental. As variáveis avaliadas foram fluorescência da clorofila a inicial, máxima e variável, além da relação fluorescência variável/inicial, rendimento quântico potencial, eficiência do uso da chuva, acúmulo de água e pegada hídrica cultural. Os genótipos V07 Negro Michoacan e V14 Califórnia se mostraram (P
Efecto del reemplazo de los despojos de trigo con paja de soja en la respuesta de crecimiento, perfil sanguíneo y rendimiento de la carcasa de pollos de engorde
Authors: Itodo I.I. , Alabi J.O. , Bamgbose A.M. , Oso A.O. , Godwin C.G. , Fafiolu A.O.
Published: April 2019

Se realizó un estudio de alimentación de 5 semanas para evaluar la idoneidad de la paja de soja (SC) como reemplazo de los despojos de trigo en las dietas de pollos de engorde. Un total de trescientos sesenta (360), 21 días de edad, pollos de engorde se pesaron individualmente y se asignaron aleatoriamente a 1 de 3 tratamientos dietéticos con 8 plumas repetidas y 15 aves por repetición en un diseño completamente aleatorizado. Los tratamientos dietéticos consistieron en dietas basadas en maíz y soja que contenían 0, 50 y 100% de SC como reemplazo de los despojos de trigo. Los datos generados sobre el rendimiento de crecimiento, los índices de sangre, el rendimiento de la canal y las propiedades sensoriales de los pollos de engorde de acabado se analizaron mediante ANOVA usando PROC GLM de SAS (2007). Los resultados mostraron que un mayor peso final (P 0.05). Las aves alimentadas con SC al 100% tenían un peso vivo (P
Evaluación de la eficacia de cuatro plantas medicinales como fumigantes contra Varroa destrutor en Argelia
Authors: Koumad I.I. , Berkani J.O.
Published: April 2019

Varroa destructor es el parásito más dañino de la abeja melífera (Apis mellifera) y es una de las mayores amenazas para la apicultura en todo el mundo. En la actualidad se han utilizado diversos productos químicos y naturales. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar el efecto del humo de cuatro plantas medicinales (Rosmarinus officinalis,Thymus pallescens, Mentha viridus y Laurus nobilis) contra el ácaro varroa en veinticinco colonias de abejas melíferas argelinas. 50 g de cada planta seca se administró durante un mes utilizando ahumador de abejas . Los resultados han mostrado que todas las plantas mostraron actividad fumigante en diferentes grados contra el ácaro varroa. La mayor tasa de eficacia se obtuvo con el laurel y el romero, que alcanzaron más del 80% de la mortalidad, seguidos por el tomillo y la hierbabuena. El ANOVA mostró una diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos (P
O estresse térmico agudo compromete a fisiologia dos suínos em crescimento
Authors: Oliveira R.F. , Moreira R.H.R. , Ribeiro B.P.V.B. , Resende M. , Chaves R.F. , Gionbelli M.P. , Ferreira R.A.
Published: April 2019

Foram utilizados 24 suínos machos castrados com o objetivo de determinar o efeito da temperatura ambiente sobre suas respostas termorreguladoras durante o estresse agudo por calor durante 48 horas. Os animais foram alojados em duas câmaras climatizadas com controle de temperatura, umidade e ventilação. Em uma das câmaras, os animais estavam em conforto térmico para a categoria (22ºC) e em outra, em estresse por calor (34ºC). Em cada câmara foram alojados 12 suínos, sendo a parcela experimental representada por dois animais na baia, totalizando seis repetições. As condições ambientais das câmaras climáticas e os parâmetros fisiológicos de frequência respiratória, temperatura retal e superficial foram monitoradas no início e a cada 12 horas durante o período experimental. No período observado, suínos em crescimento apresentaram respostas termorregulatórias efetivas a partir de 12 horas de exposição ao estresse agudo de calor (34°C).
Epigenética: mecanismos, herança e implicações no melhoramento animal
Authors: Paiva J.T. , Resende M.D.V. , Resende R.T. , Oliveira H.R. , Silva H.T. , Caetano G.C. , Lopes P.S. , Silva F.F.
Published: April 2019

A epigenética é definida como mudanças na expressão gênica que podem ser herdadas e que não alteram a sequência do DNA. Existem dois mecanismos epigenéticos principais, a metilação do DNA e a modificação de histonas. Também se destaca o imprinting genômico, o qual está relacionado com a regulação gênica quando apenas um alelo (herdado do pai ou da mãe) se expressa. A herança epigenética transgeracional consiste da herança de marcas epigenéticas através de células germinativas, que controla os padrões de expressão gênica e são passados de uma geração para a outra. Dentro do programa de melhoramento animal é importante avaliar a extensão com que a herança epigenética transgeracional também afeta a eficiência da seleção. Uma melhor compreensão dos mecanismos epigenéticos e seus efeitos transgeracionais no desempenho dos animais poderá permitir maiores ganhos sobre as características de importância econômica.
Ethnic aspects of hereditary breast cancer
Authors: Gervas P. A. , Molokov A. Yu. , Panpherova E. V. , Pisareva L. Ph. , Cherdyntseva N. V.
Published: April 2019

This studyaimed to reveal the spectrum of BRca1 and BRca2 genes mutation in various ethnic groups of the Russian Federation. asystematic literature search includes data for the past 10 years and was conducted by using electronic databases of pubmed, eliBRaRY and ect.

Material and methods.The review includes research data on the frequency of mutations of breast cancer-associated genes in various ethnic groups of the Russian Federation.

Results.For «slavic» patients with a family history, the BRca1/2 mutation testing is the standard of care. in addition, the development of new antitumour drugs has resulted in improved survival rates. more than 1000 mutations of the BRca1 gene have been identified. Recent research is focused on the confirmation the beneficial effect of identified mutations. For the indigenous population (mongoloid ethnic groups), there are no standards for the treatment of inherited breast cancer. thus, the advances in molecular oncology for the treatment of hereditary breast cancer are not available for the indigenous population of the Russian Federation.

Conclusion.In this context, the search for markers of early cancer detection and the development of criteria for therapy response are relevant for indigenous people. the development of new predictive and prognostic criteria of breast cancer among mongoloid ethnic groups with a family history will allow the innovative strategies for personalized molecular therapy to be developed.
Combined modality radiotherapy for high-risk prostate cancer. Analysis of treatment-Related complications
Authors: Makarova K. S. , Gumenetskaya Yu. V. , Biryukov V. A. , Obukhov A. A. , Strikanova I. A. , Dzhabrailova S. O. , Lepilina O. G. , Borysheva N. B. , Karyakin O. B. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: April 2019

Purpose: to analyze toxicity of combined modality radiotherapy in high-risk prostate cancer patients.

Material and methods. Short-term outcomes after combined modality radiotherapy were analyzed in 88 prostate cancer patients treated at clinic of the a.F. tsyb medical Radiological Research center between april 2016 and February 2018. the median follow-up time was 13 months (range, 3–23 months). the mean age of the patients was 64.8 years (range, 49–80 years). an initial psawas in the range of 3.5–114 ng/ml (mean 16.7 ng/ml). all patients were considered high-risk according to the d’amico classification. the patients were divided into two groups according to the sequence of combined modality radiotherapy. in group 1, the patients (n=45) received conformal EBRtto a total dose of 44–46 gy, and 2–3 weeks later, they underwent high–dose rate 192ir- brachytherapy (one single fraction of 15 gy) as a boost to EBRt. in group 2, the patients (n=43) were treated with interstitial brachytherapy followed by EBRtdelivering at total doses of 44–46 gy.

Results. All patients eventually completed the combined modality radiotherapy course planned for them. acute, grade 1 genitourinary (gu) toxicities (Rtog/EoRtc) occurred in 29 (32.9 %) patients. acute gastrointestinal (gi) toxicity was grade 1 in 17 (19.3 %) and grade 2 in 2 (2.3 %) patients. late gutoxicity was grade 1 in 6 (6.8 %) and grade 2 in 3 (3.4 %) patients. an urethral stricture developed in 1 (1.1 %) patient. late gitoxicity was grade 1 in 8 (9.1 %) patients and grade 2 in 6 (6.8 %) patients.

Conclusion. The preliminary results of this study suggest satisfactory tolerability of combined modality radiotherapy by prostate cancer patients. the level of acute toxicity and complications in critical organs is quite acceptable, which maintains high quality of life for patients and does not exceed the published data.
Distress andneoangiogenesis in ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Guens G. P. , Oleynikova I. N. , Sirota N. A. , Moiseeva N. I. , Shikina V. E. , Kirkin V. V.
Published: April 2019

Background.Previous pre-clinical and clinical trials showed that distress experienced by cancer patients can activate the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in the elevation of the level of catecholamines in tumor tissue. catecholamines activate tumor neoangiogenesis via binding to the adrenergic receptors of tumor cells and cells of tumor microenvironment. Vascular endothelial growth factor a(VEgF a) plays a key role in tumor neoangiogenesis.

Objective.To evaluate the correlation between serum VEgF alevel and distress in ovarian cancer patients.

Material and methods.The prospective cross-sectional study included 100 patients with stage i–iV ovarian cancer. the median age of the patients was 56 ± 9,56 years. Enzym-linked immunosorbent assay was used for the assessment of serum VEgF alevel. distress thermometer (validated self-reported questionnaire) was used for distress diagnosis.

Results.The median serum VEgF alevel was 325.77 pg/ml. aclinically significant distress was diagnosed in 54 % of patients. We found the correlation between the serum VEgF alevel and distress level in ovarian cancer patients (spearman’s rho=0.33; 95 % ci, 0.11–0.52; р< 0.004). We also found the correlation between the serum VEgR alevel and disease stage (rho=0.30; 95 % ci0.02–0.53; p<0.05). However, there was no correlation between distress and disease stage. the regression analysis method revealed that distress was an independent factor of serum VEgF aelevation in ovarian cancer patients (p<0.05).

Conclusion.Assessment and early diagnosis of cancer-related distress was shown to be important for the appropriate management of ovarian cancer.