bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Damage on Rat Derived Neural Stem Cells in 3D Organoid Models
Authors: Özcan Onur , Yazır Yusufhan , Duruksu Gökhan , Öztürk Ahmet , Kılıç Kamil Can
Published: September 2024

Our goal was to investigate mitochondrial damage in a three-dimensional (3D) neural stem cell (NSC) organoid model using oxidative stress-induced NSCs as primary research method. To create an in vitro organoid model, we utilized NSCs that were exposed to oxidative stress by treating them with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at a concentration of 75 µM, leading to mitochondrial damage. Markers for oxidative stress, differentiation, and neurodegenerative diseases were analyzed to characterize organoid models by assessing gene expression and protein levels via histology, immunofluorescence staining, spectrophotometry, and Real-Time PCR. To determine extent of mitochondrial damage in organoid models, we compared mitochondrial membrane potential and total mitochondrial ratio. We independently evaluated mitochondrial damage in both spontaneously self-organized organoid model and oxidative stress organoid models. The 3D NSC organoid model was established through histological and immunofluorescent analyses, which revealed a well-organized cellular structure. Due to intentionally induced oxidative stress, cell distribution varied. We found that H2O2 reduced cell viability and stimulated proliferation at specific concentrations. The cells in oxidative stress model showed strong expression of neural markers MAP2 and TUBB3 compared to controls, as well as positive expression of Alzheimer's marker TAU on 28th day. The model also displayed mitochondrial membrane changes and increased mitophagy during culture process. Overall, we successfully developed an organoid model using multipotent NSCs, which demonstrated H2O2's crucial role in directing cell differentiation and behavior. The model exhibited expected matrix rearrangement, resembling typical organoids, suggesting its potential as an Alzheimer's model and utility in related research studies.
Influence of pelvic position on shoulder range of motion
Authors: Lobbos Bishoy S. , Essa Mohamed M.M. , Khaireldin Alaaeldin , El-Din Mohamed Y. Gamal , Rizkallah Phillips , Samy Heba Allah
Published: September 2024

Background
pelvis and soulder are deeply intergrated. They are connected by myofscial slings. The pelvic and spinal posture affects the position of the scapula and the activity of its muscles and also affects acromio-humeral distance and so that affects shoulder movement. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of pelvic position on the shoulder range of motion.
Methods
The full active range of motion (flexion/extension, abduction, and external/internal rotation) of both shoulders was measured by digital goniometer for 33 normal adult subjects. Measurements were taken from standing position in the following pelvic positions: 1- Neutral posture, 2- Evoked anterior and posterior pelvic rotation, 3- Evoked right and left pelvic rotation, 4- Evoked right and left lateral pelvic tilt. For every shoulder movement, One Way ANOVA including Tukey post hoc test was used to compare between different positions.
Results
Anterior pelvic tilt leads to significant increase in flexion and significant decrease in extension of both shoulders (P value was < 0.001). Posterior pelvic tilt leads to the opposite. Pelvic rotation leads to significant decrease in shoulder flexion on the same side of rotation and shoulder extension on opposite side of rotation (P value was < 0.001). Lateral pelvic leads to significant decrease of abduction on the same side of lateral tilt (P value was < 0.001).
Conclusion
pelvic position affects shoulder range of motion
Nutritional status, gestational weight gain and associated factors of pregnant women in the city of São Paulo, 2012 to 2020: a cohort study
Authors: CORRÊA Fernanda Ferreira , Ms Eliana de Aquino BONILHA , Mr Wesley Pereira da SILVA , Mr Tarcisio Cantos de MELO , Santos Marcus V. L. dos , DINIZ Carmen Simone G.
Published: September 2024

Background
Gestational weight gain (GWG) is a critical issue related to the type of delivery and postpartum health in newborns and mothers. In Brazil, pregnant women's public health recommends monitoring GWG. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate gestational weight gain and associated health factors of pregnant women monitored at SUS in the city of São Paulo between 2012 and 2020.
Methods
This is a cohort study of pregnant women seen from 2012 to 2020 in São Paulo, Brazil. The database used was from the Integrated Health Care Management System related to the Live Birth Information System. The variables used were: mother's height, mother's date of birth (used to calculate mother's age), type of pregnancy, gestational weeks, type of delivery, weight at the time of appointment, mother´s race/skin color, number of prenatal consultations, mother's marital status, and mother's education level, initial weight, final weight, initial gestational age, final gestational age, and initial and final BMI. Inclusion criteria considered that pregnant women had a recorded initial weight before 13 weeks and up to 15 days before delivery and a single pregnancy. The final database includes 276.220 pregnant women.
Results
The frequency of women according to initial BMI was 12.004 (4.4%) underweight, 132.049 (48.3%) normal weight, 78.856 (28.8%) overweight, and 50.660 (18.5%) living with obesity. The population consisted of 59.881 (21.9%), 37.217 (13.6%) and 176.471 (64.5%) women with LWG, AWG and EWG, respectively. Weight gain was associated with initial BMI, type of birth, race/skin color, marital status, women's age and antenatal care visits.
Conclusion
The proportion of pregnant women with inadequate weight gain is high, relating initial BMI, type of birth, race/skin color, marital status, women's age and antenatal care visits. Interventions such as nutritional education should be suggested to help achieve adequate GWG.
Risk factors of severe postpartum hemorrhage in pregnant women with placenta previa or low-lying placenta: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hu Huiying , Wang Liying , Gao Jinsong , Chen Ziyi , Chen Xiaoxu , Tang Pingping , Zhong Yifeng
Published: September 2024

Background
The severe postpartum hemorrhage (SPPH) leads to dangerous maternal conditions, and its rate is still increasing and the trend in related risk factors is changing. Placenta-related problems remain the high-risk factor for SPPH. The object is to investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of the severe postpartum hemorrhage in pregnant women with placenta previa or low-lying placenta.
Method
A retrospective analysis of pregnant women with placenta previa or low-lying placenta after 28 weeks gestation from May 2018 to May 2023 in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital was conducted. The primary outcome was severe postpartum hemorrhage defined as blood loss ≥ 1000 mL within 24 h of childbirth, or with signs or symptoms of low blood volume requiring transfusion of ≥ 4U of red blood cells. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify potential risk factors of severe postpartum hemorrhage and receiver operating curve to evaluate the prediction performance.
Results
Of the 14964 women, 201 met the inclusive criteria. Severe PPH rate was 1.3% overall and 18.9% in women with placenta previa or low-lying placenta. Weight (aOR = 0.93, 95%CI 0.87–0.99), increta or percreta placenta (aOR = 7.93, 95%CI 2.53–24.77) were the risk factors. The area under the ROC curve was 0.69(95%CI 0.59–0.80) for increta or percreta placenta alone, and 0.72(95%CI 0.62–0.82) for the combination of times of cesarean sections and anterior placenta.
Conclusions
Placenta accreta spectrum was the key independent risk factor of SPPH in women with placenta previa or low-lying placenta. Antenatal risk assessment of severe PPH in these population is highly desirable and optimal intervention could be planned.
Preterm delivery in a tertiary maternity in Niger. A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Oumara Maina , Diaouga Hamidou Soumana , Daouda Abdoul Karim Idi , Ayouba Adama , Yacouba Maimouna Chaibou , Garba Rahamatou Madeleine , Nayama Madi
Published: September 2024

Background
A preterm birth constitutes a life-threatening obstetric emergency. Multidisciplinary management is a crucial element in the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with prematurity. This study aim to provide a comprehensive description of the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of preterm delivery in a level III maternity hospital in Niger.
Methods
This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted over a 12-month period (1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021) at the Issaka Gazobi Maternity Hospital in Niamey (Niger). The study included 1,155 patients who had given birth at a gestational age between 22 weeks and 36 weeks and 6 days, along with their neonates. The data were entered and analysed using Epi-Info software, version 7.2.2.6.
Results
The observed incidence was 14.97%. The mean age of patients was 28.32 years, with a range from 15 to 48 years. The age group most affected was that comprising individuals aged between 29 and 34, representing 24.07% of the total. The majority of patients were of low educational attainment (28.83%), lacking formal education (33.68%), married (98.53%) and unemployed (62.08%). In the majority of cases (72.03%), pregnancy was poorly monitored. The principal pathologies associated with pregnancy were malaria, urinary tract infections and anaemia, accounting for 73.94%, 18.4% and 4.59% of cases, respectively. A caesarean section was the mode of delivery in 74.20% of cases. The majority of newborns (66.42%) were classified as "medium premature." The maternal mortality rate was 0.60%, while the perinatal mortality rate was 26.83%.
Conclusions
The incidence of preterm delivery is a significant concern in our department. Improved prenatal monitoring and optimal management of threatened preterm delivery would contribute to a reduction in the preterm delivery rate and an improvement in perinatal prognosis.
Development of high-resolution melting markers for assessment of Mauremys sinensis and Mauremys reevesii hybridization in South Korea
Authors: Baek Hae-jun , Lee Soo-In , Park Chang-Deuk , Yoon Ju-Duk
Published: September 2024

South Korea is home to two Mauremysspecies: M. sinensis and M. reevesii. M. sinensis is an invasive alien species, whereas M. reevesii is a legally protected species endemic to South Korea. The sympatric distributions of these species and their hybrids have recently been identified in South Korea, posing a serious threat to the conservation of M. reevesii. Therefore, we developed a genotyping marker for high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis that targets the intron I region of the nuclear R35 gene to facilitate the rapid identification of hybrids. Three distinct HRM curves, representing M. reevesii, M. sinensis, and their hybrids, were obtained. These results were identical to those observed for R35, with the hybrid possessing both alleles. This demonstrates that HRM markers can effectively distinguish Mauremysspecies from their hybrids. The present study provides a valuable tool for rapid and accurate identification of hybrids for future monitoring.
The signaling cascade of induction and maintenance of ES cell diapause
Authors: Tarakhovsky Alexander , Zhang Tuo , Marina Ryan , Veugelen Sarah , Mander Pal , Prinjha Rabinder , Schaefer Anne , Adelman Karen
Published: September 2024

Nutrient deficiency during pregnancy in numerous animal species can induce the state of embryonic diapause. Diapause is characterized by changes in protein and gene expression that minimize the organism's reliance on external energy sources and ensure survival. Remarkably, the systematic changes associated with diapause appear to spare the gene expression program that supports embryonic cells' maintenance in the pluripotent state. The phenomenon of the differentiation "freeze" during diapause can be reproduced in vitro. Mimicking nutrient deficiency by pharmacological inhibition of mTOR induces the diapause-like state in ES cells without affecting ES cell pluripotency. We discovered a connection between mTOR signaling and the chromatin-bound bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) transcriptional regulator BRD4, showing a key role of BET-protein in the induction of diapause-like state in ES cells. mTOR inhibition rapidly and negatively impacts BRD4 binding to chromatin, which is associated with changes in gene expression that can contribute to diapause. Conversely, pharmacological inhibition of BET-protein circumvents the diapause dependence on mTOR inhibition and causes the diapause-like state. BET-repressed diapause-like ES cells retain the undifferentiated pluripotent state, which is associated with upregulation of a functionally linked group of genes encoding negative regulators of MAP kinase (MAPK) signaling and inactivation of MAP kinase. The transcriptional switch-off of MAP kinase following chronic BET inhibition imitates the transcriptional de-repression of MAP kinase negative regulators in response to mTOR inhibition. Mechanistically, suppression of mTOR or BET-protein leads to a profound decline in Capicua transcriptional repressor (CIC) at promoters of key negative regulators of MAP kinase. The discovered mTOR-BRD4 axis in the induction of diapause and the rapid transcriptional shut-off of differentiation program is likely to play a major role in the maintenance of embryonic diapause in vivo, as well as in controlling of the undifferentiated state of various types of stem cells during diapause-like metabolic dormancy.
On possibility
Authors: McCann Claire
Published: September 2024

Higher education institutions have historically enabled and aided epistemicide, or the marginalisation, annihilation and devaluing of the knowledge of those beyond university walls. Twenty-first century universities therefore face the important task of transforming teaching and research in ways that broaden epistemic access, incorporate various knowledge systems, and ensure local relevance. Here, academic feminism, especially postcolonial feminism, and community engagement may provide a way forward, as both projects serve to deconstruct the binary between ‘knower’ and ‘non-knower’, contributing to epistemic justice. In isolation, however, these projects have not yet made enough progress in pursuit of university transformation. This essay offers a preliminary exploration of the connections between community engagement and postcolonial feminism, and the ways in which a mutually beneficial relationship between the two may enhance each project's contribution to epistemic justice. It brings together literature on feminism and community engagement, linking this literature to the ideas of postcolonial feminism. Focus on postcolonial feminism specifically emerges from the recognition that universities do not only need to transform, but also decolonise. Ideas put forward in this writing are interspersed with my subjective memories and recollections of my lived experiences, spanning two universities and continents.
Critical community engagement and the Latin American ethos: contributions to a Global South dialogue
Authors: Flores Matías G. , Colacci Romina , Cano Agustín
Published: September 2024

The advancement of the concept of community engagement as a reference for university-society relations invites us, particularly those of us from the Global South, to reflect on our history and traditions. We understand community engagement as a disputed concept throughout history that can potentially house an ethical-political-pedagogical project that questions traditional university models. Observing its historical development and tensions in Latin America invites us to go beyond particular projects, giving an account of a regional movement that continues to inspire university reform processes connected to projects for transforming society. This article presents the history that constitutes the Latin American community engagement ethos, its prevalence in critical community engagement, and some experiences that illustrate a living paradigm still under construction that responds to the continent’s needs. It concludes with an invitation to review the critical traditions of community engagement and promote the dialogue of experiences in the Global South.
Community Engagement as Publishable Scholarship
Authors: Clayton Peter
Published: September 2024

The structures that evaluate what counts as novel and fundable knowledge have evolved over a long timeline, primarily driven by traditional forms of explorative, descriptive and critical analysis research. Community Based Participatory Research does not always fit evaluation and funding structures as comfortably as these models of research which are more established in the global academy, and requires careful navigation of, and some further fine-tuning to, review and accreditation processes, to stand beside more traditionally accepted scholarly practices in being readily recognised as producing original scholarly knowledge.
Is there a connection between ESG scores and a company’s profitability? Empirical evidence on selected Stoxx Europe 600 firms
Authors: Musa Hussam , Krištofik Peter , Lysenko Yaroslav , Medzihorsky Juraj
Published: September 2024

This study scrutinizes the potential correlation between Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) scores and the profitability of firms listed in the selected STOXX Europe 600 index. Utilizing panel regression analysis, the study examines data from 385 non-financial companies over the period 2017 to 2021, correlating CSRHub's ESG scores and selected financial variables with corporate profitability measured by ROA. The investigation reveals that, overall, ESG scores do not have a significant impact on profitability, except for the ESG-community sub-score, which shows a slight negative influence. Thus, this paper partially supports studies that show a negative correlation between ESG and profitability, even though such results are in the minority in the literature. The overall results suggest that while ESG scores may reflect a company's ethical stance, they are not a predominant factor influencing its profitability. However, this is not the case for leverage, as the importance of capital structure for profitability is confirmed.
AcknowledgmentThis research has been supported by the Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic under project VEGA No. 1/0579/21.
Maternidade na prisão: discursos de inclusão, práticas de exclusão
Authors: Fernandes Maria Clara Alves de , Silva Gomes Martins Ana Valéria , Costa Silva Lorena , De Souza Matta Rafaela
Published: September 2024

De acordo com o Art. 4º do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), “é dever da família, da comunidade, da sociedade em geral e do poder público assegurar, com absoluta prioridade, a efetivação dos direitos referentes à vida, à saúde, à alimentação, à educação, ao esporte, ao lazer, à profissionalização, à cultura, à dignidade, ao respeito, à liberdade e à convivência familiar e comunitária” (Brasil, 1990). No entanto, quando se trata de crianças filha(o)s de mulheres encarceradas no sistema prisional se faz importante entender como se dá o desenvolvimento infantil sustentado na ideia da garantia de direitos e o cuidado em saúde mental. O objetivo, assim, é analisar a relação entre mãe-bebê dentro do cenário em que a mãe se encontra privada de sua liberdade e a consolidação do sistema de garantias para mães e crianças nesta situação específica. O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa, mediante consulta bibliográfica realizada em artigos científicos, documentários e revistas. Portanto, este artigo se debruçou nas discussões sobre o ECA e o Sistema Prisional Brasileiro à luz de alguns pressupostos da relação mãe-bebê advindos da Psicologia, a fim de compreender os efeitos deste contexto no desenvolvimento infantil.
Sintomatologia depressiva, ansiedade e COVID-19: repercussões no exercício da paternidade
Authors: Magalhães Raphaella , Azevedo Regina , Lima Flávio
Published: September 2024

Este estudo investigou os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde mental de 52 pais residentes na Paraíba/PB, com mais de 18 anos, que assumiram o papel paterno durante o período. Adotando uma abordagem exploratória e descritiva com ênfase qualitativa, a pesquisa utilizou como instrumentos 1. Escala de Depressão de Beck (BDI); 2. Escala de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI); e 3. Questionário sócio demográfico e laboral. A análise dos dados, realizada por meio de estatísticas descritivas com o SPSS, revelou uma média geral de 13,74 para sintomas ansiosos, indicando um nível leve de ansiedade. Quanto aos sintomas depressivos, a média geral foi de 10,96, sugerindo um nível mínimo, ou seja, ausência de depressão. Os resultados apontam para uma possível relação entre os baixos escores de ansiedade e depressão dos participantes e estereótipos de gênero que influenciam atitudes e comportamentos masculinos em relação à saúde mental. Além disso, foi percebida que a crença de invulnerabilidade masculina e paternidade não atuante compartilhada socialmente podem também estar relacionadas com esses resultados. A pesquisa destaca a necessidade de considerar as questões de gênero ao abordar a saúde mental paterna durante a pandemia, oferecendo reflexões valiosas para estratégias de intervenção. Este estudo, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, contribui para a compreensão das experiências parentais masculinas em um contexto de crise global.
PAI, MÃE, VAMOS UTILIZAR O WHATSAPP PARA CONVERSAR?
Authors: Corrêa Fábio , Eunice Ribeiro Moreira  , Frederico Giffoni de Carvalho Dutra  , Alexandre Pinto da Silva  , Helton Júnio da Silva
Published: September 2024

Pessoas idosas representam 28 milhões de cidadãos brasileiros, sendo que 55% desses possuem acesso à internet e fazem uso do WhatsApp por sugestão de filhos, amigos e familiares. Considerando que essa população apresenta entraves advindos da idade, bem como a compreensão da linguagem tecnológica, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar as dificuldades de pessoas idosas em relação ao uso dos signos do aplicativo WhatsApp. Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada-descritiva, que emprega abordagem quali-quanti e técnica de pesquisa experimental. A amostra é constituída por 10 pessoas idosas, pais ou mães com faixa etária entre 60 a 82 anos e escolaridade de ensino fundamental à doutorado. Por resultado, das oito tarefas disponibilizadas para execução apenas uma foi realizada sem percalços, havendo rupturas interpretativas quanto aos signos utilizados no aplicativo nas demais. Isso revela dificuldades cognitivas e, ou, físicas e técnicas no uso desta tecnologia na contemporaneidade, a qual contrasta, disruptivamente, com a época destes longevos. A replicação desta pesquisa é uma sugestão de estudo futuro, de modo a analisar se o cenário, aqui identificado, tornou-se mais claro para as pessoas idosas ou se ampliou suas dificuldades interpretativas.
Intimal Macrovascular Pericytes: Their Role in Vascular Biology and Atherogenesis
Authors: Orekhov Alexander N , Andreeva Elena R
Published: September 2024

Atherosclerosis remains a major challenge to global healthcare despite decades
of research and constant trials of novel therapeutic approaches. One feature that
makes atherosclerosis treatment so elusive is an insufficient understanding of its origins
and the early stages of the pathological process, which limits our means of effective prevention
of the disease. Macrovascular pericytes are cells with distinct shapes that are located
in the arterial wall of larger vessels and are in many aspects similar to microvascular
pericytes that maintain the functionality of small vessels and capillaries. This cell
type combines the residual contractile function of smooth muscle cells with a distinct
stellar shape that allows these cells to make numerous contacts between themselves and
the adjacent endothelial layer. Moreover, pericytes can take part in the immune defense
and are able to take up lipids in the course of atherosclerotic lesion development. In
growing atherosclerotic plaques, the morphology and function of pericytes change dramatically
due to phagocytic and synthetic phenotypes that are actively involved in lipid
accumulation and extracellular matrix synthesis. In this review, we summarize our
knowledge of this less-studied cell type and its role in atherosclerosis.
Myrtleciclib, a CDK4/6/9 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Aggressive
Cancers
Authors: De Forni Davide , Poddesu Barbara , Cugia Giulia , Bonelli Mara , Galetti Maricla , Petronini Piergiorgio , Lagace Lisette , Chafouleas James , Lori Franco
Published: September 2024

Background:

Selective Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i)
have revolutionized the treatment of breast cancer and have potential in other cancers,
being manageable drugs yet with some bone marrow toxicity. Selective CDK9 inhibitors
(CDK9i) never advanced into clinical use, partly due to side effects, including gastrointestinal
toxicity, and a small window between activity and cytotoxicity, which results
in a narrow therapeutic index (TI).

Method:

To overcome the drawbacks of CDK4/6 and CDK9 inhibitors, we have developed
myrtleciclib, a selective CDK4/6/9 inhibitor with few non-critical molecular off-targets.

Results:

Myrtleciclib appears to bind to an allosteric site, unlike all other CDK4/6i and
CDK9i acting by an ATP-competitive mechanism, which supports target specificity.
Myrtleciclib's anti-proliferative effects are greater and its Therapeutic Index (TI) is
broader than CDK9 and CDK4/6-only inhibitors. This can be explained by a moderate
target inhibition, resulting in limited cytotoxicity. Moreover, we documented a synergy
between CDK9 and CDK4/6 pathways inhibition, justifying increased drug efficacy, yet
such synergy can only be achieved when the inhibition of both CDK9 and CDK4/6 is
embedded within the same molecule and balanced within a certain ratio, as it is the case
with myrtleciclib. Unlike CDK4/6i, myrtleciclib also induces cell death and apoptosis selectively
on cancer cell lines, not on bystander cells. Synergy between myrtleciclib and
other drugs with complementary Mechanism of Action (MoA) has also been documented.

Conclusion:

CDK4/6/9i might represent a new frontier in cancer treatment to overcome
the limitations of CDK4/6i and CDK9i for the treatment of cancers, including aggressive
cancers with high unmet needs.
Network Pharmacology Analysis and Retrospective Cohort Study Revealing the Effect of Qingyi Decoction on Intestinal Paralysis in Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Du Shihan , Zhao Dinghuan , Song Kai , Zhang Yuan , Wu Lina , Wang Bei , Li Yan , Yu Jianbo
Published: September 2024

Background:

Intestinal dysfunction plays an important role in the clinical progress and prognosis
of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Qingyi decoction (QYD) has shown beneficial effects on intestinal function
recovery, but the prevention actions of the QYD on intestinal paralysis and its mechanism have not been fully
explored.

Methods:

The possible molecular mechanism was unraveled by network pharmacology, including active ingredients
and potential target prediction, as well as GO, KEGG, and REATCOME pathway enrichment analyses.
The potential interactions between the main active ingredients of the QYD and core genes were explored by
molecular docking. A retrospective cohort study on 137 patients with SAP from Tianjin Nankai Hospital was
conducted to evaluate the preventive effect of QYD on intestinal paralysis.

Results:

A total of 110 active ingredients in QYD were screened out, and 37 key targets were predicted by network
pharmacology. GO, KEGG, and REATCOME enrichment analyses showed that bioinformatics annotation
of the hub genes was mainly involved in intestinal epithelial functions and inflammatory response pathways.
The main components of QYD possessed good affinity with IL-6, TNF, CASP3, CXCL8, and CRP by
molecular docking. Patients who used QYD plus usual care seemed to have fewer intestinal paralysis rates,
lower risk of renal insufficiency, ARDS and blood purification therapy, and shorter hospital and ICU stays.
The multivariable regression analyses indicated that the mode of nasogastric and enemas administration of
QYD (P = 0.010) and timely intervention with QYD (P = 0.045) were the independent protective factors for intestinal
paralysis prevention in patients with SAP.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, QYD can be used as an effective adjuvant procedure to prevent the occurrence and
development of intestinal paralysis in patients with SAP. The mechanisms may be involved in the anti-inflammatory
response and maintenance of intestinal epithelial function.
Revolutionizing Antiviral Therapeutics: In silico Approaches for Emerging and Neglected RNA Viruses
Authors: Sharma Kirti , Singh Manjinder , Sharma Sumesh C.
Published: September 2024

:

The 21st century has shown us how rapidly the pandemic can evolve and devastate the life of human
beings without differentiating between the continents. Even after the global investment of billions of dollars
into the healthcare sector, we are still lacking multiple therapeutics against emerging viruses. World
Health Organization (WHO) has listed a number of viruses that could take the form of pandemics at anytime,
depending upon their mutations. Among those listed, the SARS-CoV, Ebola, Zika, Nipah, and Chikungunya
virus (CHIKV) are the most known viruses in terms of their number of outbreaks. The common feature among
these viruses is their RNA-based genome. Developing a new therapeutic candidate for these RNA viruses in a
short period of time is challenging. In silico drug designing techniques offer a simple solution to these problems
by implementing supercomputers and complicated algorithms that can evaluate the inhibition activity of
proposed synthetic compounds without actually doing the bioassays. A vast collection of protein crystal structures
and the data on binding affinity are useful tools in this process. Taking this into account, we have summarized
the in silico based therapeutic advances against SARS-CoV, Ebola, Zika, Nipah, and CHIKV viruses
by encapsulating state-of-art research articles into different sections. Specifically, we have shown that computer-
aided drug design (CADD) derived synthetic molecules are the pillars of upcoming therapeutic strategies
against emerging and neglected viruses.
Transcriptomic Landscape of Colorectal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma has Similarity with Intestinal Goblet Cell Differentiation
Authors: Liu Jianbo , Qiu Siyuan , Fu Xiaorui , Zhou Bin , Zu Ruijuan , Lv Zhaoying , Li Yuan , Yang Lie , Zhou Zongguang
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MC) differs from adenocarcinoma
(AD) in clinical features and molecular characteristics. The current treatment of colorectal MC
is not precise enough, and the molecular characteristics remain unclear. The study aims to explore
the difference between colorectal MC and AD on the transcriptome level for the possibility of
treating colorectal MC precisely.

Methods:

The data of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)
database was assessed, and then differential analysis and weighted gene co-expression network
analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify the differential hub RNAs between colorectal MC
and AD. Differential hub lncRNAs and hub RNA of significant modules were validated by quantitative
real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) among different colon cancer cell lines.

Results:

In total, 1680 differential expressed RNAs (DERs) were found by comparing colorectal
MC (52, 13.3%) with AD (340, 86.7%). Through the WGCNA, a mucin-associated RNA module
was identified, while some others might be associated with unique immune progress. Finally, 6 differential
hub RNAs in the mucin-associated RNA module (CTD-2589M5.4, RP11-234B24.2,
RP11-25K19.1 and COLCA1) were validated by qRT-PCR and showed higher expression levels
in mucin-producing colorectal cell lines (Ls174T and HT-29).

Conclusion:

This study suggests that clinical treatments for colorectal MC should be differentiated
from AD. Further exploration of enterocyte (goblet cell) differentiation with tumor genesis and
the distinct immune progression of MC may help to identify key therapeutic targets for colorectal
MC. Further research on the application of immunotherapy to colorectal MC is needed.
Unveiling the Emerging Role of Klotho: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of an Anti-aging Factor in Human Fertility
Authors: Kumar Naina
Published: September 2024

:

Klotho, an anti-aging protein, plays a vital role in diverse biological functions, such as
regulating calcium and vitamin D levels, preventing chronic fibrosis, acting as an antioxidant and
anti-inflammatory agent, safeguarding against cardiovascular and neurodegenerative conditions,
as well as exerting anti-apoptotic, anti-senescence effects. Additionally, it contributes to metabolic
processes associated with diabetes and exhibits anti-cancer properties. This protein is commonly
expressed in organs, such as kidneys, brain, pancreas, parathyroid glands, ovaries, and testes. Recent
research has highlighted its significance in human fertility. This narrative review provides insight
into the involvement of Klotho protein in male and female fertility, as well as its potential
role in managing human infertility in the future.

:

In this study, a search was conducted on literature spanning from November 1997 to June 2024
across multiple databases, including PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, focusing on
Klotho proteins. The search utilized keywords, such as “discovery of Klotho proteins,” “Biological
functions of Klotho,” “Klotho in female fertility,” “Klotho and PCOS,” “Klotho and cryopreservation,”
and “Klotho in male infertility.” Inclusion criteria comprised full-length original or
review articles, as well as abstracts, discussing the role of Klotho protein in human fertility, published
in English in various peer-reviewed journals. Exclusion criteria involved articles published
in languages other than English. Hence, due to its anti-aging characteristics, Klotho protein presents
potential roles in male and female fertility and holds promising prospects for reproductive
medicine. Further, it holds the potential to become a valuable asset in addressing infertility concerns
for both males and females.
Recent Advances in the Glycolytic Processes Linked to Tumor Metastasis
Authors: Qiong Luo , Shuyao Xiao , Shan Xu , Qian Fu , Jiaying Tan , Yao Xiao , Hui Ling
Published: September 2024

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The main cause of cancer-related fatalities is cancer metastasis to other body parts, and increased glycolysis is crucial for cancer cells to maintain
their elevated levels of growth and energy requirements, ultimately facilitating the invasion and spread of tumors. The Warburg effect plays a
significant role in the advancement of cancer, and focusing on the suppression of aerobic glycolysis could offer a promising strategy for anti-cancer
treatment. Various glycolysis processes are associated with tumor metastasis, primarily involving non-coding RNA (ncRNAs), signaling pathways,
transcription factors, and more. Various categories of noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and
circular RNAs (circRNAs), have shown promise in influencing glucose metabolism associated with the spread of tumors. Additionally, circular
RNAs (circRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) predominantly act as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by sequestering
microRNAs, thereby modulating the expression of target genes and exerting significant influence on the metabolic processes of cancerous cells.
Furthermore, the process of tumor metastasis through glycolysis also encompasses various signaling pathways (such as PI3K/AKT, HIF, Wnt/β-
Catenin, and ERK, among others) and transcription factors. This article delineates the primary mechanisms through which non-coding RNAs,
signaling pathways, and transcription factors contribute to glycolysis in tumor metastasis. It also investigates the potential use of these factors as
prognostic markers and targets for cancer treatment. The manuscript also explores the innovative applications of specific traditional Chinese
medicine and clinical Western medications in inhibiting tumor spread through glycolysis mechanisms, offering potential as new candidates for
anti-cancer drugs.
Pengaruh Transfer Pricing Dan Manajemen Laba Ter-hadap Agrsesivitas Pajak
Authors: Ayu Fury Puspita  , Nur Fitri Ramadhanty
Published: September 2024

This study determines whether transfer pricing and earning management influence tax aggressiveness. This research uses a sample of food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange from 2019-2021. There are 26 food land beverage companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange. 11 companies are being sampled in this research. The data in this research is secondary data. The data was obtained from the website www.idx.co.id. The data was processed using the SPSS version 25. The results showed that transfer pricing has a significant effect on tax aggressiveness but in the opposite direction. While earning management doesn't have a significant effect on tax aggressiveness. Transfer pricing and earning management simultaneously have a significant effect on tax aggressiveness.
Abstrak
Penelitian lini lbertujuan luntuk lmengetahui lpengaruh ltransfer lpricingldsn manajemen laba terhadap lagresivitas lpajak.lPenelitian lini lmenggunakan lsampel perusahaan lindustri lmakanan ldan lminuman lyang lterdaftar ldi BEI lselama lperiode 2019-2021.lTerdapat l26 lperusahaan lindustri lmakanan ldan lminuman lyang lterdaftar ldi lBEI.lSebanyak l11 lperusahaan lindustri lmakanan ldan lminuman lyang ldijadikan lsampel ldalam lpenelitian lini, lPurposive lsampling lmerupakan lteknik pengumpulan lsampel lyang ldigunakan ldalam lpenelitian lini.lData lyang ldigunakan dalam lpenelitian lini ladalah ldata lsekunder.lData lpenelitian lyang ldigunakan ldalam penelitian lini ldidapat ldari lwebsite www.idx.co.id ldan ldiolah lmenggunakan laplikasi lSPSS lversi l25. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa transfer pricing berpengaruh signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak namun dengan arah yang berlawanan. Sedangkan manajemen laba tidak berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pajak. Transfer pricing dan manajemen laba berpengaruh secara bersamaan terhadap agresivitas pajak.
Pengaruh Leverage, Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Dan Capital Intensity Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Arkana Endru , Widijoko Grace
Published: September 2024

Tax is one of the major sources of a country’s revenue, and companies will always find ways to keep tax payments as low as possible, one of which is through tax avoidance, to maximize company profits. This study examines the effect of leverage, profitability, liquidity, and capital intensity on tax avoidance by using the proxy of Book Tax Difference (BTD). The population includes all property and real estate companies listed on the IDX between 2018 and 2020, from which 63 samples of the companies’ financial statements were selected through the purposive sampling method and processed by the 25th edition of Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS). The results of this study indicate that profitability has a positive effect on tax avoidance, implying that the higher the profitability, the more aggressively the companies commit tax avoidance. Meanwhile, leverage, liquidity, and capital intensity do not affect tax avoidance.
Abstrak
pajak merupakan pendapatan utama yang dimiliki oleh negara, sedangkan perusahaan akan berusaha untuk meminimalkan pembayaran pajak dengan cara melakukan penghindaran pajak untuk memaksimalkan keuntungan perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh leverage, profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan capital intensity terhadap penghindaran pajak dengan menggunakan proksi Book Tax Difference (BTD). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2018-2020. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 63 sampel yang diambil dari laporan keuangan perusahaan properti dan real estate pada tahun 2018-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) 25th edition untuk mengolah data penelitian yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh positif terhadap penghindaran pajak yang artinya semakin tinggi profitabilitas maka perusahaan akan semakin agresif dalam melakukan penghindaran pajak. Variabel lain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, seperti leverage, likuiditas, dan capital intensity tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak.
Sensing In Exergames for Efficacy and Motion Quality: Scoping Review of Recent Publications
Authors: Dill Sebastian , Müller Philipp Niklas , Caserman Polona , Göbel Stefan , Hoog Antink Christoph , Tregel Thomas
Published: September 2024

Background

Many studies have shown a direct relationship between physical activity and health. It has also been shown that the average fitness level in Western societies is lower than recommended by the World Health Organization. One tool that can be used to increase physical activity for individual people is exergaming, that is, serious games that motivate players to do physical exercises.

Objective

This scoping review of recent studies regarding exergame efficacy aims to evaluate which sensing modalities are used to assess exergame efficacy as well as motion quality. We also analyze how the collected motion sensing data is being leveraged with respect to exergame efficacy and motion quality assessment.

Methods

We conducted 2 extensive and systematic searches of the ACM Digital Library and the PubMed database, as well as a single search of the IEEE Xplore database, all according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. Overall, 343 studies were assessed for eligibility by the following criteria: The study should be peer-reviewed; the year of publication should be between 2015 and 2023; the study should be available in English or German; the study evaluates the efficacy of at least 1 exergame; sensor data is recorded during the study and is used for evaluation; and the study is sufficiently described to extract information on the exergames, sensors, metrics, and results.

Results

We found 67 eligible studies, which we analyzed with regard to sensor usage for both efficacy evaluation and motion analysis. Overall, heart rate (HR) was the most commonly used vital sign to evaluate efficacy (n=52), while the Microsoft Kinect was the most commonly used exergame sensor (n=26). The results of the analysis show that the sensors used in the exergames and the sensors used in the evaluation are, in most cases, mutually exclusive, with motion quality rarely being considered as a metric.

Conclusions

The lack of motion quality assessment is identified as a problem both for the studies and the exergames themselves since incorrectly executed motions can reduce an exergame’s effectiveness and increase the risk of injury. Here we propose how to use the same sensors both as input for the exergame and to assess motion quality by presenting recent developments in motion recognition and sensing.
The Digital Platform and Its Emerging Role in Decentralized Clinical Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Copland Rachel R , Hanke Sten , Rogers Amy , Mpaltadoros Lampros , Lazarou Ioulietta , Zeltsi Alexandra , Nikolopoulos Spiros , MacDonald Thomas M , Mackenzie Isla S
Published: September 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Decentralized clinical trials (DCTs) are becoming increasingly popular. Digital clinical trial platforms are software environments where users complete designated clinical trial tasks, providing investigators and trial participants with efficient tools to support trial activities and streamline trial processes. In particular, digital platforms with a modular architecture lend themselves to DCTs, where individual trial activities can correspond to specific platform modules. While design features can allow users to customize their platform experience, the real strengths of digital platforms for DCTs are enabling centralized data capture and remote monitoring of trial participants and in using digital technologies to streamline workflows and improve trial management. When selecting a platform for use in a DCT, sponsors and investigators must consider the specific trial requirements. All digital platforms are limited in their functionality and technical capabilities. Integrating additional functional modules into a central platform may solve these challenges, but few commercial platforms are open to integrating third-party components. The lack of common data standardization protocols for clinical trials will likely limit the development of one-size-fits-all digital platforms for DCTs. This viewpoint summarizes the current role of digital platforms in supporting decentralized trial activities, including a discussion of the potential benefits and challenges of digital platforms for investigators and participants. We will highlight the role of the digital platform in the development of DCTs and emphasize where existing technology is functionally limiting. Finally, we will discuss the concept of the ideal fully integrated and unified DCT and the obstacles developers must address before it can be realized.
Integrated Psychosocial Care in Intensive Care (IPS-Pilot): Study Protocol of Phase A of the Systematic Development and Pilot Testing of a Complex Intervention (Preprint)
Authors: Nickel Sophie Felicitas , Korger Simone , Schindler Wencke , Heytens Heike , Krieg Gironimo , Drewitz Karl-Philipp , Schürmann Katrin , Schössow Leon , Gehrig Julianna , Binneböse Marius , Hirning Christian , Hönig Klaus , Niessen Konstantin , Kirschbaum Julia , Erdur Laurence , Peter Sophie , Junne Florian , Rose Matthias , Apfelbacher Christian , Gündel Harald
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

There is a high and co-dependent strain on health care professionals (HCPs), patients and their relatives in intensive care units (ICUs), leading to long-term mental, physical and occupational consequences. To this date, there is no systematic intervention to address this increasing problem.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the IPS-Pilot project is the development (phase A) and pilot testing (phase B) of an integrated and complex psychosocial care intervention for HCPs, patients, and their relatives in ICUs. This study protocol focuses on phase A.

METHODS

Findings on needs, expected benefits and necessary framework conditions for implementation were collected in a structured, multi-methodical manner from the above-mentioned target group. These methods included a scoping umbrella review, interviews and focus group discussions, as well as a quantitative survey. Based on the theories of psychosocial safety climate (PSC) and conservation of resources (COR), the final intervention concept was then developed through participative and team-oriented methods with project stakeholders.

RESULTS

Through the four substudies, we aimed to gain insight into the psychosocial needs of the above-mentioned target groups, and to develop a model of the problem as well as a model of how these needs can be effectively addressed through a psychosocial intervention. The results of the substudies as well as the final, needs-based intervention design will be published separately.

CONCLUSIONS

Phase B will assess the feasibility of the IPS intervention. These findings will be incorporated into our intervention design and provide the basis for a future randomized controlled trial of its efficacy.

CLINICALTRIAL

OSF: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VFXJK