bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the utilization of antimicrobial agents in surgical devices at a tertiary care hospital, Nellore
Authors: K Srujana , V Venkata Kalpana , P Vyshnavi , R Jessy , P Narayana swamy , P Venkatesh
Published: July 2022

The demographic data & patient characteristics in surgical unit-I and surgical unit-II in the hospital were enrolled in the study. In the study, a total number of 240 prescriptions were analyzed during the study period which includes 92 male and 148 female patients. Drug utilization can be defined as the   marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drugs in a society, considering its consequences, either  medical, social, and economic. The present study was performed to evaluate utilization of antimicrobial agents in surgical units at a tertiary care teaching hospital. During the 6 months period, we collected 240 prescriptions with antimicrobial agents from both surgical I and surgical II units. The data collected were analysed and summarised accordingly. A study of utilization of antimicrobial agents in surgical units at a Jaybharath hospital, Nellore was conducted. The most frequently used antimicrobial monotherapy agents were ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. The most frequently used antimicrobial combinations were amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and cefoperazone+salbactum. Sensitivity pattern of antimicrobial agents in surgical departments will help the physician to select the proper drug of choice
Jornal Memorial da Medicina: escrita científica e nossa contribuição com a Medicina
Authors: Andrade Juliana Ramos de , Santos Erlene Roberta Ribeiro dos , Valença Marcelo Moraes
Published: July 2022

Editorial v.4 n1
Roh Nenek Moyang atau Setan? Kesurupan sebagai Pintu Masuk bagi Dialog antara Kekristenan dan Agama Marapu di Sumba
Authors: Molla Martha Ari , Setio Robert
Published: July 2022

Cases of spirit possession quite often provoke controversy. One of the controversies is about what or who possesses a possessed person. In the context of Sumba, there is a difference of views between the church and the Marapu religion. The church sees the possessed as evil spirits or satans, while the Marapu religion views it as the spirit of the ancestors. This paper raises that issue from the results of a field study. The research was conducted at the Sumba Christian Church (GKS) of the Wee Rame Congregation which is in the midst of the Wewewa tribe. The method used was a qualitative method with a questionnaire distribution technique to 45 respondents. Dealing with these differences of views, this paper will trace how the Bible describes demons and ancestors. The purpose of the search was to open the door to dialogue between the church and indigenous religions. The dialogue itself is expected to improve the handling of spirit possession cases in the future.AbstrakKasus-kasus kesurupan cukup sering menimbulkan kontroversi. Salah satu kontroversinya adalah tentang apa atau siapa yang merasuki orang yang kesurupan. Dalam konteks Sumba, terjadi perbedaan pandangan antara gereja dan agama Marapu. Gereja memandang yang merasuki adalah roh jahat atau setan, sedangkan agama Marapu memandang hal tersebut adalah roh nenek moyang. Tulisan ini mengangkat masalah itu dari hasil sebuah penelitian lapangan. Penelitian tersebut dilakukan di Gereja Kristen Sumba (GKS) Jemaat Wee Rame yang berada di tengah-tengah suku Wewewa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik penyebaran angket kepada 45 responden. Berhadapan dengan perbedaan pandangan tersebut, tulisan ini akan menelusuri bagaimana Alkitab menggambarkan setan dan nenek moyang. Tujuan penelusuran tersebut adalah untuk membuka pintu dialog antara gereja dengan agama pribumi. Dialog itu sendiri diharapkan akan memperbaiki penanganan kasus-kasus kesurupan di kemudian hari.
A Simple and Efficient Technique to Generate Bounded Solutions for the Generalized Assignment Problem: A Guide for OR Practitioners
Authors: Francis J. Vasko  , Anthony Dellinger  , Yun Lu  , Bryan McNally  , Myung Soon Song
Published: July 2022

The generalized assignment problem (GAP) is a NP-hard problem that has a large and varied number of important applications in business and industry. Approximate solution approaches for the GAP do not require excessive computation time, but typically there are no guarantees on solution quality. In this article, a methodology called the simple sequential increasing tolerance (SSIT) matheuristic that iteratively uses any general-purpose integer programming software is discussed. This methodology uses a sequence of increasing tolerances in conjunction with optimization software to generate a solution that is guaranteed to be within a specified percentage of the optimum in a short time. SSIT requires no problem-specific coding and can be used with any commercial optimization software to generate bounded solutions in a timely manner. Empirically, SSIT is tested on 51 GAP instances (24 medium and 27 large) in the literature. The performance of CPLEX versus Gurobi on these 51 GAP test instances is also statistically analyzed.
Linked List Elimination from Hashing Methods
Authors: Naghibzadeh Mahmoud , Naghibzadeh Bahram
Published: July 2022

Hashing has been used for decades in many fields such as encryption, password verification, and pattern search. Hash systems consist mainly of three components: the hash function, the hash table, and the linked lists that are attached to the hash table. One of the major benefits of using a hash function is reduction in the runtime of the hash-based software systems. However, their linked lists are a major source of time consumption. In this paper, an innovative method is proposed to remove all the linked lists attached to the hash table and collect the necessary information in a one-dimensional array. The method can be used to create an index for the human genome. The human genome is the size of a million-page book with no index, and it is difficult to find the needed information. The proposed method transforms list search operations with linear time complexity into array searches with logarithmic time complexity. In a sample problem, finding inversions in genomic sequences, the proposed indexing system is compared with traditional hashing systems with linked lists. It is demonstrated that, in addition to time complexity reduction, the proposed method reduces the space required for the hash system to one half of what is used by linked list based methods.
Multi-label Minimax Probability Machine with Multi-manifold Regularisation
Authors: Jain Sambhav , Rastogi Reshma
Published: July 2022

Semi-supervised learning i.e., learning from a large number of unlabelled data and exploiting a small percentage of labelled data has attracted centralised attention in recent years. Semi-supervised problem is handled mainly using graph based Laplacian and Hessian regularisation methods. However, neither the Laplacian method which leads to poor generalisation nor the Hessian energy can properly forecast the data points beyond the range of the domain. Thus, in this paper, the Laplacian-Hessian semi-supervised method is proposed, which can both predict the data points and enhance the stability of Hessian regulariser. In this paper, we propose a Laplacian-Hessian Multi-label Minimax Probability Machine, which is Multi-manifold regularisation framework. The proposed classifier requires mean and covariance information; therefore, assumptions related to the class conditional distributions are not required; rather, a upper bound on the misclassification probability of future data is obtained explicitly. Furthermore, the proposed model can effectively utilise the geometric information via a combination of Hessian-Laplacian manifold regularisation. We also show that the proposed method can be kernelised on the basis of a theorem similar to the representer theorem for handling non-linear cases. Extensive experimental comparisons of our proposed method with related multi-label algorithms on well known multi-label datasets demonstrate the validity and comparable performance of our proposed approach.
Determining Hotel Room Rates: Domestic Economic Policy Uncertainty and Crises
Authors: Ging Lee Chew , How Shi-Min
Published: July 2022

Although the impacts of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on different aspects of the hospitality industry have been studied, none analyzes the effects of EPU on the hotel room rates. To close this gap, using the monthly data from January 2008 to November 2019, this article investigates
the influences of Singapore's EPU (hereafter domestic EPU) on the hotel room rates of two types of hotels, luxury and economy, in Singapore with cointegration technique and error correction model. Although prior research findings suggest that economic and disease crises, and EPU, have negative
effects on the dependent variable of interest, the results of this study do not always support this. The findings of this study show domestic EPU has a negative impact on the room rates of economy hotels, but no impact on the room rates of luxury hotels, and Global Financial Crisis has a negative
effect on the room rates of luxury hotels, but no effect on the room rate of economy hotels. To avoid the omission of important independent variables, domestic economic condition and inbound tourism are included as other independent variables.
Islamic Thought in the Era of Khulafa al-Rasyidin: A Literature Review
Authors: Umar Hendra , Indo Santalia
Published: July 2022

In the periodization of the history of Islamic thought, the era of the Companions is categorized as the era of Khulafā al-Rāsyidīn, which lasted approximately 30 years, namely since the death of the Prophet Muhammad and the appointment of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddiq ra. as caliph (11 H/632 AD) until the death of Caliph Alī bin Abī Ṭālib ra. (41 H/661 AD). Even after that time, there were still many friends who were still alive, the period after that was categorized as the era of the Islamic empire led by various dynasties. The division of the period of Islamic thought certainly uses a political approach. This approach is not without reason because it will be seen that government politics has a lot of influence on the development of Islamic thought. This literature review aims to describe the socio-cultural background and development of Islamic thought in the era of the companions of the Prophet Muhammad.
Intensification of development of high-viscous oil of inhomogeneous reservoirs
Authors:   Caspian State University of Technologies and Engineering named after Sh. Yesenov, Bisembayeva K.T. , Hadiyeva A.S. ,   Caspian State University of Technologies and Engineering named after Sh. Yesenov, Mamalov E.N. ,   Institute for Oil and Gas, Azerbaijan Republic, Sabyrbayeva G.S. ,   Caspian State University of Technologies and Engineering named after Sh. Yesenov
Published: July 2022

The great majority of oil fields are multi-layer, the productive formations of which are layered-inhomogeneous. The development of layer-inhomogeneous reservoirs with flooding contributes to the progress of injected water by the high-permeable formation. Therefore, premature flooding of developing wells and oil recovery decrease occurs. With increasing of oil viscosity, the negative effect of reservoir inhomogeneity is reflected on the efficiency of flooding while development of layered-inhomogeneous formations more significantly. Thus, with the purpose of intensification of oil development from such fields, various methods of impact are suggested, one of which is polymer flooding. The application of polymer solution for increasing oil recovery in layered-inhomogeneous reservoir with hydrostatic isolated layers of various permeability is offered. Polyacrylamide was used as a polymer. While applying all characteristics and rheological properties of polyacrylamide are considered. The process of oil replacement from layered-inhomogeneous reservoir was carried out in the following order: at first, it was necessary to study the depleted reservoir. With this aim, the oil replacement from layered-inhomogeneous reservoir is conducted with usual flooding. After the stabilization of oil recovery rate in the layer-inhomogeneous, the injection of polyacrylamide bank into the high permeable reservoir is started. The replacement of polyacrylamide bank was conducted via distilled water. Simultaneously, the oil replacement from low permeable reservoir was carried out with the injection of distilled water as well. To maintain the cleanness of experiment, distilled water was used as it affects the properties of polyacrylamide solution insignificantly. The experiments have been conducted on the tube reservoir model. As a porous medium, quartz sand of specific fraction was used.
...And Yet Another Pectoral of Pyay
Authors: Onderka Pavel , Honzl Jiří
Published: July 2022

In 2011, Claude Laroche was able to establish relation between three pectorals of Pyay kept in the collections of three different European museums. He proved that the objects served in the modern times as patterns for one another and established a sequence in which they were made. Another copy belonging to the group was identified in the collections of the Buchlov Castle, South Moravian Region in the Czech Republic. The Buchlov piece is significantly diverging from the others in its form and decoration of the recto. The text of the initial parts of Chapter 30B of the Book of the Dead on the verso of the Buchlov specimen was compared with corresponding texts from the other pieces by the means of paleographic analysis. Based on its results, it was possible to ascertain its position in Laroche’s sequence of the copies of the pectoral of Pyay.
Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conductivities of aqueous and hydrocarbon nanofluids
Authors: Loya Adil , Najib Antash , Aziz Fahad , Khan Asif , Ren Guogang , Luo Kun
Published: July 2022

The addition of metal oxide nanoparticles to fluids has been used as a means of enhancing the thermal conductive properties of base fluids. This method formulates a heterogeneous fluid conferred by nanoparticles and can be used for high-end fluid heat-transfer applications, such as phase-change materials and fluids for internal combustion engines. These nanoparticles can enhance the properties of both polar and nonpolar fluids. In the current paper, dispersions of nanoparticles were carried out in hydrocarbon and aqueous-based fluids using molecular dynamic simulations (MDS). The MDS results have been validated using the autocorrelation function and previous experimental data. Highly concurrent trends were achieved for the obtained results. According to the obtained results of MDS, adding CuO nanoparticles increased the thermal conductivity of water by 25% (from 0.6 to 0.75 W·m−1·K−1). However, by adding these nanoparticles to hydrocarbon-based fluids (i.e., alkane) the thermal conductivity was increased three times (from 0.1 to 0.4 W·m−1·K−1). This approach to determine the thermal conductivity of metal oxide nanoparticles in aqueous and nonaqueous fluids using visual molecular dynamics and interactive autocorrelations demonstrate a great tool to quantify thermophysical properties of nanofluids using a simulation environment. Moreover, this comparison introduces data on aqueous and nonaqueous suspensions in one study.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram Dan Facebook Dalam Pembentukan Budaya Alone Together Pada Kalangan Remaja Di Desa Ambulu Kecamatan Sumberasih Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Mubaroq Husni , Hidayati Yulia Nurul
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang penggunaan media sosial Instagram dan Facebook dalam pembentukan budaya Alone Together pada kalangan remaja di desa Ambulu kecamatan Sumberasih kabupaten Probolinggo. Penggunaan media sosial sering kali digunakan oleh setiap manusia sehingga di era modernisasi ini, baik dari kalangan anak-anak, remaja sampai dewasa, sudah menjadikan sebagai kebutuhan setiap harinya. Oleh karena itu media sosial dapat diartikan sebagai media komunikasi, jejaring sosial serta berpartisipasi dalam bentuk online. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media sosial Instagram dan facebook dalam pembentukan budaya Alone together pada kalangan remaja. Budaya alone together adalah sendiri bersama atau bisa disebut dengan asyik bermain sendiri dengan media sosialnya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan observasi terhadap sejumlah remaja yang ada di desa Ambulu kecamatan Sumberasih kabupaten Probolinggo. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penggunaan media sosial Instagram dan Facebook masih banyak yang mengunakan dan sering terjadi terganggunya dalam pembelajaran serta pergaulan antar remaja. Banyak perubahan yang terjadi dengan media sosial ini, dan juga berdampak positif dan negatifnya. Dengan adanya budaya Alone Together atau bisa disebut asyik bermain sendiri, kalangan remaja yang hanya asyik bermain sendiri tanpa memperdulikan terhadap orang di sekitarnya dan seringkali terdapat perkumpulan atau kelompok yang hanya bermain dengan medianya.
Tindakan Indonesia dan Arab Saudi dalam Isu Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Etnis Uighur di Xinjiang pada Tahun 2019
Authors: Fiadi Ilham Rilin
Published: July 2022

Isu kemanusiaan terhadap Uighur di Xinjiang menjadi perhatian global. Pasalnya terdapat dugaan-dugaan terhadap kebijakan China yang bersifat represif dan diskriminatif terhadap Muslim Uighur. Dugaan-dugaan tersebut berupa terdapatnya penyiksaan, kawin paksa, penangkapan di luar hukum, sterilisasi paksa, dan aborsi paksa yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah China. Segala bentuk penyiksaan tersebut diduga dilakukan di sebuah “Kamp Pendidikan Ulang”, yang mana kamp tersebut dibuat oleh pemerintah China dengan tujuan memberantas segala macam gerakan separatisme yang berasal dari komunitas muslim Uighur. Merespon isu kemanusiaan tersebut, terdapat 22 negara yang menandatangani surat bersama yang ditujukan ke Dewan Hak Asasi Manusia Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa sebagai pernyataan keprihatinan akan permasalahan kemanusiaan tersebut. Namun, membalas pernyataan tersebut, terdapat juga 50 negara yang mendukung kebijakan China. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tindakan Indonesia dan Arab Saudi dalam isu permasalahan kemanusiaan Uighur di Xinjiang pada tahun 2019, yang mana keduanya adalah negara dengan penduduk mayoritas muslim di dunia. Namun, keduanya memiliki perbedaan dalam menindak isu tersebut.
PERAN BUMDes CIPTO DADI DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA BANYUADEM, SRUMBUNG, MAGELANG
Authors: Suwarjo Suwarjo , Sugianta Sugianta
Published: July 2022

Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Cipto Dadi didirikan untuk menjadi penggerak perekonomian masyarakat Desa Banyuadem yang mayoritas penduduknya berprofesi sebagai petani salak pondoh, dan pelaku usaha kecil rumahan gula jawa. Unit usaha pemasaran menjadi pilihan BUMDes Cipto Dadi di tengah kebiasaan sebagian masyarakat petani salak pondoh dan pelaku usaha rumahan gula jawa yang masih melakukan transaksi sistem ijon dengan tengkulak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran dan daya dukung yang diperlukan BUMDes Cipto Dadi dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat di Desa Banyuadem. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran BUMDes Cipto Dadi dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat di Desa Banyuadem sudah sangat baik. Berdirinya BUMDes Cipto Dadi merupakan inisiasi dari masyarakat dengan unit usaha yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat. BUMDes Cipto Dadi telah memiliki jalinan kerjasama yang erat dengan beberapa instansi untuk penyelenggaraan pelatihan dan pendampingan. Kerjasama saling menguntungkan dengan masyarakat melalui unit usaha pembibitan kelapa, penjualan pupuk dan jasa internet. Daya dukung internal maupun eksternal bagi operasionalisasi BUMDes Cipto Dadi telah memadai. Penyertaan modal bagi BUMDes Cipto Dadi didukung penuh oleh Pemerintah Desa Banyuadem melalui anggaran Dana Desa.
BANKING SECTOR PERFORMANCE DURING THE COVID-19 CRISIS
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Commerce with Professional Accounting, DR SNS Rajalakshmi College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, BRINDHA K , SATHYASREE MS. C. M ,   Ph.D. Research Scholar2 (Part Time), Department of Commerce with Professional Accounting, DR SNS Rajalakshmi College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore
Published: July 2022

This paper analyzes bank stock prices around the world to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the banking sector. Using a global database of policy responses during the crisis, the paper also examines the role of financial sector policy announcements on the performance of bank stocks. Overall, the results suggest that the crisis and the countercyclical lending role thatbanks are expected to play have put banking systems under significant stress, with bank stocks underperforming their domestic markets and other nonbank financial firms. The effectiveness of policy interventions has been mixed. Measures of liquidity support, borrower assistance, and monetary easing mod- erated the adverse impact of the crisis, but this is not true for all banks or in all circumstances. For example, borrower assistance and prudential measures exacerbated the stress for banks that are already undercapitalized and/or operate in countries with little fiscal space. These vulnerabilities will need to be carefully monitored as the pandemic continues to take a toll on the world’s economies. Keywords: Bank stock returns, government announcements, liquidity premium, COVID-19 pandemic period.
Voltage Stability Improvement by Optimized STATCOM Controller for Grid Connected Hybrid Network System
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Jyothishmathi Institute of Technology & Science, Nustulapur, Karimnagar, TS, India, Chindam Satish , Nedunoori Kavya Sri ,   UG Scholars, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Jyothishmathi Institute of Technology & Science, Nustulapur, Karimnagar, TS, India, Lenkala Prashanth ,   UG Scholars, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Jyothishmathi Institute of Technology & Science, Nustulapur, Karimnagar, TS, India, Keshetty Saiteja ,   UG Scholars, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Jyothishmathi Institute of Technology & Science, Nustulapur, Karimnagar, TS, India, Gade Manasa ,   UG Scholars, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Jyothishmathi Institute of Technology & Science, Nustulapur, Karimnagar, TS, India
Published: July 2022

n a renewable energy system, the major task to maintain the voltage regulation of the system and other hands improvement of system stability. A proposed new STATCOM with advanced control technique are introduced in this paper. It is to mitigate the bus voltage variations caused by the large disturbances. A proposed STATCOM consists of voltage regulator and current regulator. Here, the current regulator is to produce the phase angle of voltage source converter, while the voltage regulator outputs the current reference on the quadrature axis of the devices. The voltage and current regulator parameters are treated as a membership function. This membership functions involving by dual fuzzy algorithm (Type-2 Fuzzy controller) which reduces the voltage regulation caused by large disturbances. The proposed controller obtains the faster and more stable responses so that the reactive power required by the proposed method is to stabilize the voltage. Keywords: STATCOM, Type II Fuzzy Set, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
Covid-19 and Marketing; the Case of Slovenian Media Ad Spend
Authors:   Ljubljana School of Business, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Fornazarič Milena
Published: July 2022

The epidemic introduced many unknowns into marketing. It was not clear how consumers would react to the sudden crisis, specifically whether brands would increase or decrease the amount of their advertising. Covid-19 influenced some core marketing concepts, among them media ad spend. Covid-19 and the related crisis have changed the nature of advertising towards digitalization, changed communication, and strengthened marketing power. The Slovenian media ad spend, which changed remarkably over two years, was influenced by the uncertain situation concerning advertisers, measures taken by the health authorities and, consequently, the reactions of consumers, citizens, and customers. After the initial decline in 2020, the gross media pie in Slovenia was already larger in 2021 than before the crisis. Keywords: Covid-19, marketing, advertising, media ad spend, consumer behavior
Inclusion of PWD’s at workplace
Authors:   IES MCRC, Bandra, Mumbai., Dhuru Prajakta S
Published: July 2022

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, and the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017, have contributed to companies not only ensuring that at least 3% of their workforce is differently abled but also providing assistive technology, tailor-made training and support systems to ensure that PWDs learn and grow in their jobs. (Shekhar, 2018). It is important to understand the extent to which organisations are responsibly creating an inclusive work environment to welcome and improve the number of PWD’s. It is also important to study the employee awareness on the Persons with Disabilities (PWD’s). Study has found that organisations need to improve employee awareness about the PWD’s and include them in the organisation. The study is an attempt to create an awareness on building an inclusive work culture. Keywords: Diversity, Inclusion, Person with Disability (PWD’s), culture
Diagnosis difficulties in severe and chronic hepatopathy with early onset. Case report
Authors:   Pediatric Hospital, “Lucian Blaga” University, Sibiu, Romania, Iurian Sorin Ioan , Wevers Ron ,   Laboratory of Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Mehedintu Bogdan ,   Emergency Department, Pediatric Hospital, Sibiu, Romania
Published: July 2022

Authors emphasize diagnosis and treatment difficulties in a patient with severe and chronic idiopathic hepatopathy. Authors present a 5 year-old male frequently admitted for severe acute liver failure episodes with severe gastrointestinal bleedings that occurred in infancy after diet diversification. History case correlated with investigations and liver function improvement after fructose-free diet initiation led to congenital fructosemia diagnosis.
Particularities of mycotic gastritis in children
Authors:   Pediatrics Department, “Gr.T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Ignat Ancuta , Diaconescu Smaranda ,   Pediatrics Department, “Gr.T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Lupu Valeriu V. ,   Pediatrics Department, “Gr.T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Paduraru Gabriela ,   Pediatrics Department, “Gr.T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Miron Ingrith ,   Pediatrics Department, “Gr.T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Burlea Marin ,   Pediatrics Department, “Gr.T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
Published: July 2022

Mycotic gastritis is still an open chapter in specialized research due to the small number of cases described in literature, to its incompletely known complications and prognosis, which creates therapeutic difficulties. The authors report the case of an immune-competent 5 years and 4 months old male child, in whom upper digestive endoscopy revealed eso-gastro-duodenitis caused by Aspergillus.
Particularităţi ale comportamentului suicidar la copii şi la adolescenţi
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie Socola, Iaşi, România, Untu Ilinca , Chiriţă Roxana ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie Socola, Iaşi, România, Diaconescu Smaranda ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Spitalul Clinic de Copii „Sf. Maria“, Iaşi, România, Radu Dania Andreea ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie Socola, Iaşi, România, Ciubară Anamaria ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie Socola, Iaşi, România, Burlea Lucian Ştefan ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România
Published: July 2022

Frecvenţa comportamentului suicidar la copii şi la adolescenţi a cunoscut o creştere semnificativă în ultimii ani, reprezentând un fenomen plurifactorial, cu determinanţi încadraţi atât în rândul patologiilor psihiatrice, relaţionându-se predominant depresiei si tulburărilor de conduită, cât şi în rândul unor variaţi factori de mediu ce includ familiile disfuncţionale, eşecul şcolar, relaţiile defectuase cu anturajul şi incluzând o problemă de interes crescând care se situează la graniţa dintre boală şi factor social, reprezentată de abuzul de substanţe psihoactive. Modalităţile de abordare rămân nesistematizate şi insuficiente, menţinând astfel deschisă o temă de studiu fundamentală, suicidul la copil şi adolescent şi ridicând problema perfecţionării unor mijloace de intervenţie eficiente, pentru această situaţie de importanţă globală.
Toxicomania în sarcină – factor de risc pentru infecţie perinatală
Authors:   Secţia neonatologie, Spitalul Clinic de Obstetrică-Ginecologie „Polizu“, Bucureşti, România, Broscăuncianu Doina
Published: July 2022

Introducere. Infecţiile neonatale sunt cauze majore de morbiditate şi mortalitate neonatală. Toxicomania prin injectarea de droguri ilicite este un important factor de risc pentru infecţii perinatale. Obiectivul studiului a fost evaluarea incidenţei infecţiilor cu debut precoce la nou-născuţi proveniţi din sarcini cu risc de infecţie perinatală: sarcini neinvestigate, marcate de toxicomanie şi sarcini investigate clinico-paraclinic. Material şi metodă. Studiu retrospectiv care a cuprins nou-născuţi în Institutul pentru Ocrotirea Mamei şi Copilului, Spitalul Clinic de Obstetrică-Ginecologie „Polizu”, grupaţi în 2 loturi: un lot de 25 nou-născuţi în perioada 2005-2012 proveniţi din sarcini neinvestigate survenite la femei consumatoare de droguri ilicite şi un lot de 50 nou-născuţi proveniţi din sarcini corect investigate anamnestico-clinic cu factori de risc pentru infecţie perinatală. Datele au fost analizate statistic (teste specifice de corelaţie: Student T, Fisher exact, Chi-square). Rezultate. Incidenţa nou-născuţilor din sarcini marcate de toxicomanie a fost de 0,09% din totalul de 28.489 naşteri, cu o maximă de 0,2% înregistrată în anul 2011. Diferenţe semnificativ statistic s-au înregistrat între cele două loturi de nou-născuţi cu factori de risc infecţios prezent în privinţa: vârstei mamelor – mai mică la toxicomane (p_value = 0,0002) a procentului de infecţii congenitale (p_value = 0,00003) OR = 0,03; 95%CI precum şi a duratei medii (zile) de spitalizare (p_value = 0,0180) mai mari la nou-născuţi ai mamelor cu toxicomanie, dar şi în privinţa modului de naştere prin cezariană (p_value = 0,0010) a colonizării bacteriene a tractului uro-genital matern (p_value = 0,0016) mai frecvente la nou-născuţi proveniţi din sarcini investigate. 22% din femeile însărcinate investigate, au prezentat Streptococ grup B, cel mai frecvent tip fiind serotipul Ib. Ponderea, în cadrul morbidităţii neonatale, a infecţiilor perinatale a fost pentru nou-născuţi din mame toxicomane de 33%, iar pentru nou-născuţi proveniţi din sarcini investigate de 27%. Incidenţa infecţiei perinatale a fost de 52% la nou-născuţi din mame toxicomane (risc de infecţie de 1/1,9 cazuri) şi de 18% la nou-născuţi din sarcini supravegheate (ceea ce reprezintă un risc de 1/5,5 cazuri). Concluzii. Toxicomania în cursul sarcinii constituie, prin boli infecţioase dobândite pe cale sexuală sau sanguină asociate cu defi cienţe de igienă pe fond de nutriţie precară şi de imunitate scăzută, un important factor de risc pentru infecţie perinatală. Asistenţa sanitară în cursul sarcinii, prin diagnostic şi tratament precoce al infecţiei materne, poate diminua incidenţa şi consecinţele medico-sociale ale infecţiei neonatale.
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease in children – an evolving problem in Romania
Authors:   Department of Gastroenterology, ”Grigore Alexandrescu” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Becheanu Cristina , Lesanu Gabriela ,   Department of Gastroenterology, ”Grigore Alexandrescu” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Smadeanu Roxana ,   Department of Gastroenterology, ”Grigore Alexandrescu” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Tincu Iulia ,   Department of Gastroenterology, ”Grigore Alexandrescu” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2022

Objectives. In the past few years we observed an increase in the number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We aimed to determine the epidemiology of this pathology among children in Romania over a 10 years period. Material and methods. The survey was conducted in Pediatric Gastroenterology Departments in Bucharest. We selected patients being carried for inflammatory bowel disease in 2011. A similar study, performed 10 years ago in 2001, reported the same epidemiologic characteristics and comparative data were available. Results. In 2001 we report 74 cases of inflammatory bowel disease, while there were 21 cases mentioned in 2001. We identified 35 cases of Crohn disease (47.29%) and 39 patients with ulcerative colitis (52.7%). The previous study reported 17 (81%) and 4 (19%), respectively. The mean age of onset of symptoms is 10.2 while in 2001 this was 13.2 years. Conclusions. Inflammatory bowel disease has tripled in the last 10 years. Ulcerative colitis is still the most frequent form but we report a growing number of cases with Crohn disease.
Antropometric and bioimpedance data in a group of pediatric patients with leukemia
Authors:   Pediatric Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu-Mures, Romania, Chincesan Mihaela-Ioana ,   Pediatric Clinic, Emergency County Hospital, Targu-Mures,Romania, Grama Alina ,   Pediatric Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu-Mures, Romania,   Pediatric Clinic, Emergency County Hospital, Targu-Mures,Romania, Florian Gabriela ,   Pediatric Clinic, Emergency County Hospital, Targu-Mures,Romania, Marginean Oana ,   Pediatric Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu-Mures, Romania,   Pediatric Clinic, Emergency County Hospital, Targu-Mures,Romania
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Poor nutritional status is a common problem among children with malignant disease. In order to detect changes in nutritional status and body composition this study investigates anthropometrical parameters and body composition among pediatric patients with leukemia. Material and methods. The prospective study included 33 patients hospitalized in Pediatric Clinic No I Tg. Mures who were divided in two groups: group I-study group, patients with leukemia (15 patients) and group II the control group consisting of 18 patients with different pediatric diseases. The anthropometric parameters [weight-W, height-H, body mass index (BMI), middle upper arm circumference (MUAC), tricipital skinfold thickness (TST)] were comparatively evaluated. Fat mass (FM, kg and %), fat free mass (FFM, kg), muscle mass (MM, kg) and total body water (TBW, %) were measured in the both group using Tanita BC 420 S MA Analyzer. Results. Anthropometric parameters in Group I were significantly different from those in Group II for MUAC and TST (p < 0.05). In the study group, FM was much lower (14.79 ± 7.14%) compared with controls (21.56 ± 9.06%) (p = 0.01) and TBW was much higher (61.84 ± 4.93% versus 57.45 ± 6.64%) (p = 0.02). FFM and MM were not statistically different in the two groups. Conclusion. Bioelectrical impedance analysis in conjunction with arm anthropometry is a sensitive method to detect alteration of body composition in children with malignancy. Compared with the control group, children with leukemia had higher alterations of nutritional status.
The utility of measuring FENO in monitoring asthmatic children
Authors:   II Pediatrics Clinic, „Prof. Dr. Alfred Rusescu“ Institute for Maternal and Child Healthcare, Bucharest, Romania, Popescu Cristina , Craiu Mihai ,   II Pediatrics Clinic, „Prof. Dr. Alfred Rusescu“ Institute for Maternal and Child Healthcare, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2022

Purposes and objectives. Bronchial asthma is the most frequent chronic disease in children and in almost 50% of these cases, it occurs eosinophilic airway inflammation. The most important objective in monitoring asthma is preventing exacerbations by means of good communication between physician, patient and family, a good compliance of the latter and an accurate assessment of the asthmatic patient’s quality of life. Present study is examining correlation between asthma control and airways eosinophilic inflammation level in asthmatic children treated with ICS. Method and material. We evaluated 24 patients presented in emergency department of our hospital, during ten weeks in cold season. The assessment consisted in performing Asthma Control Test (ACT), measuring fraction of the exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and pulmonary function testing. Results and discussions. We documented a negative linear correlation of ACT score with FeNO (r = -0. 6286 (p < 0.01)). Conclusions. Measuring FeNO is a simple to perform, fast and noninvasive method. FeNO value is related to ACT score, between them being a negative linear correlation. Generating simple algorithms may improve control of disease and tailoring therapy asthmatic children.
Early degenerated bioprosthetic mitral valve
Authors:   „Sf. Maria“ Emergency Hospital for Children, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Ciomaga Irina-Mihaela , Russu Georgiana ,   „Sf. Maria“ Emergency Hospital for Children, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Jitareanu Cristina ,   „Sf. Maria“ Emergency Hospital for Children, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Streanga Violeta ,   „Sf. Maria“ Emergency Hospital for Children, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Rugina Aniela ,   „Sf. Maria“ Emergency Hospital for Children, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Nistor Nicolai ,   „Sf. Maria“ Emergency Hospital for Children, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
Published: July 2022

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is fairly common in children, often being randomly found in asymptomatic, as well as in symptomatic patients with conjunctive tissue diseases (CTD). The authors report the case of an 11-yearold girl, diagnosed at the age of 6 with MVP and severe mitral regurgitation (MR). She had surgery at the age of seven, when the mitral valve replacement with a biological valve prosthesis was performed. Four years later, the girl was admitted for sudden onset of dyspnoea with orthopnoea, haemoptysis and generalized cyanosis. The diagnosis of acute pulmonary oedema and degenerated biological valvular prosthesis correlated with severe mitral stenosis was evoked by means of clinical and echocardiographic examinations. The evolution was favourable after the replacement of the bioprosthesis with a mechanical prosthesis.
Ischemic stroke in a child with complex cyanotic congenital heart disease
Authors:   ”Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Rugina Aniela Luminita , Streanga Violeta ,   ”Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Nistor Nicolai ,   ”Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Buhusi Gabriela ,   ”Sf. Maria” Children Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Filipescu Ramona ,   ”Sf. Maria” Children Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Ciomaga Irina-Mihaela ,   ”Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
Published: July 2022

Stroke is rare in children compared to adults. Most common causes of stroke in children are heart diseases that cause embolism and cerebral infarction and arteriovenous malformations for the brain hemorrhages, but a number of cases remain idiopathic, without being able to say precise etiology. The authors present the case of a child diagnosed in infancy with complex cyanotic heart malformation, but not operated, admitted with clinical and radiological signs of pneumonia, which evolved favorably with antibiotic and symptomatic therapy. During resolution of the pneumonia, the child becomes suddenly drowsy, presenting right hemiplegia, with absence of reflexes on the same side. Clinical examination correlated with cranio-cerebral CT have established the diagnosis of bilateral Sylvian ischemic stroke. The evolution was favorable under conservative treatment (antiplatelet drugs, physiotherapy), but right hemiplegia persisted.
Abordul intraosos, metoda clasică de acces vascular revenită în actualitate
Authors:   IOMC „Alfred Rusescu“, Bucureşti, România, Craiu Mihai , Stan Iustina Violeta ,   IOMC „Alfred Rusescu“, Bucureşti, România, Cochino Alexis Virgil ,   IOMC „Alfred Rusescu“, Bucureşti, România
Published: July 2022

75-80% dintre situaţiile ameninţătoare de viaţă, cu stop cardio-respirator neaşteptat, se petrec în afara spitalului (1). De aceea este întâlnită frecvent situaţia unei resuscitări dificile. Principala cauză de eşec este obţinerea tardivă a unei căi de acces vascular pentru administrarea fluidelor şi medicaţiei necesare în aceste situaţii (2). Abordul intraosos este folosit în tratamentul pacienţilor aflaţi în situaţii ameninţătoare de viaţă şi care nu au alt acces vascular instalat anterior (3). Lucrarea de faţă trece în revistă aspecte ale dezvoltării acestei tehnici de acces vascular rapid şi aplicaţiile ei actuale în medicina de urgenţă, prin prisma noilor ghiduri de resuscitare la copil, apărute sub egida European Resuscitation Council (4).
Corelaţia dintre valoarea feNO şi severitatea astmului bronşic
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Buzoianu Eugenia ,   Clinica de Pediatrie şi Neurologie Pediatrică, Spitalul Clinic de Copii „Dr. Victor Gomoiu“, Bucureşti, România, Moiceanu Mariana ,   Clinica de Pediatrie şi Neurologie Pediatrică, Spitalul Clinic de Copii „Dr. Victor Gomoiu“, Bucureşti, România, Pleşca Doina Anca ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România,   Clinica de Pediatrie şi Neurologie Pediatrică, Spitalul Clinic de Copii „Dr. Victor Gomoiu“, Bucureşti, România
Published: July 2022

Obiectiv. Studiul de faţă îşi propune evaluarea corelaţiei dintre valoare FeNO şi severitatea astmului bronşic. Material şi metodă. A fost iniţiat un studiu prospectiv care a inclus 48 de copii cu vârsta cuprinsă între 5-18 ani diagnosticaţi cu astm bronşic. Pacienţii au fost evaluaţi şi monitorizaţi în Clinica de Pediatrie din Spitalul Clinic de Copii „Dr. Victor Gomoiu“ în perioada mai 2012 – noiembrie 2013. În prima etapă, odată cu stabilirea diagnosticului de astm bronşic, s-a stabilit şi forma de severitate, utilizând criteriile din ghidul GINA 2008, şi s-a determinat valoarea FeNO înainte de iniţierea oricărei terapii de control. Pentru formele persistente s-a iniţiat terapia de control adaptată astfel încât să se obţină starea de astm bronşic controlat. În etapa următoare, dupa publicarea ultimei versiuni a ghidului GINA 2014, s-a efectuat o a doua clasificare a astmului pe grade de severitate, ţinând cont de step-ul de tratament necesar pentru a menţine starea de astm controlat, conform recomandărilor din acest nou ghid. În final s-a evaluat corelaţia dintre valoarea FeNO şi severitatea formelor de astm, atât după clasificarea din ghidul GINA 2008, cât şi dintre valoarea FeNO şi severitatea formelor de astm după clasificarea din ghidul GINA 2014. Rezultate. Dintre cei 48 de copii incluşi în studiu, 29 au avut valoarea FeNO normală, iar 19 crescută. Pe baza criteriilor ghidului GINA 2008 pacienţii au fost încadraţi în următoarele forme de severitate: 6 pacienţi cu astm intermitent, 27 pacienţi cu astm uşor persistent, 14 pacienţi cu astm moderat persistent şi 1 pacient cu astm sever persistent. Pe baza criteriilor din ultimul ghid GINA publicat în 2014, în formă de astm uşor au fost încadraţi 25 de pacienţi, în formă de astm moderat 22 de pacienţi, iar în formă de astm sever 1 pacient. Evaluarea statistică a corelaţiei dintre forma de astm bronşic conform criteriilor aparţinând ghidului GINA din 2008 şi valoarea FeNO a furnizat o valoare p = 0,278, iar corelaţia dintre valoarea FeNO şi clasificarea regăsită în ghidul GINA 2014 a fost de p = 0,0468. Concluzii. Valoarea FeNO nu se corelează cu severitatea astmului bronşic stabilită pe baza clasificării din ghidul GINA 2008, dar se corelează cu severitatea astmului stabilită pe baza clasificării din ghidul GINA din 2014.
Ghana’s Constitutional Evolution Since 1960: A Comparative Analysis of the Country’s Equality and Anti-Discrimination Legal Provisions
Authors: Mensah Richard Obeng
Published: July 2022

Ghana has had four republican constitutions since it attained independence on 6th March 1957. Ghana’s first republican constitution arguably provided for fundamental human rights and freedoms. The 1992 Constitution also guarantees equality before the law. However, Article 17(4) of the 1992 Constitution allows the Parliament of Ghana to make certain laws which might be advantageous to a certain class of people as far as it conforms to the provisions of the Constitution. A group of Parliamentarians in 2021 introduced a Bill in the Parliament of Ghana to criminalize LGBTQI+ groups and related activities since the Criminal Offences Act 1960 (Act 29) does not expressly refer to them. The Bill has fuelled debates on the discrimination or otherwise of LGBTQI+ persons in Ghana and the criminalisation of their activities. Using a comparative and doctrinal legal research approach, this paper analyses Article 17 of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana in the context of Ghana’s constitutional evolution since 1960. The paper reveals that a comparison of the legal provisions on equality and discrimination in the various constitutions of Ghana since 1960 shows that the relevant provisions on the right to equality before the law and freedom from discrimination have undergone significant changes. The paper also shows that, unlike the 1969 and 1979 Constitutions, the 1992 Constitution does not list ‘sex’ or ‘sexual orientation’ or both as prohibited grounds for discrimination.

Keywords and Phrases: Ghana, Constitutional Evolution, Equality and Freedom from Discrimination, 1992 Constitution.
The Need for a Hermeneutics of Tolerance, Mutual Respect and Peaceful Coexistence for a Healthy Christian-Muslim Relations
Authors: Agboada Edward
Published: July 2022

Christian-Muslim relations in recent times have raised concerns the world over. There have been increments in polemics and prejudices. Although the root causes of many of these have been political, religion has often been used as a tool to manipulate sentiments and legitimatize the political and social agenda. The lack of a hermeneutics of tolerance, mutual respect and peaceful coexistence for Christian Mission and Muslim Da’wah activities continue to create the, ‘we’ and ‘them’, and the ‘majority’ versus ‘minority’ status. The challenge is to strive not only to nurture their separate learning in order to survive in the increasingly religiously pluralistic world but to find effective and more efficient ways to interact and collaborate across differences of faith and non-faith environments. This paper discusses the need for hermeneutics of tolerance, peaceful coexistence and mutual respect between Christians and Muslims. It concludes that when Christians and Muslims come to an understanding of each other, it keeps out intruders like politicians who would want to manipulate their religion for political and economic benefits, remove religious barriers and create opportunities. This article contributes to the dialogue on religious tolerance and its importance in fostering societal growth and development.

Keywords: Hermeneutics, Interfaith, Interreligious, Peaceful, Tolerance, Dialogue, Encounters, Christian-Muslim, Relations