bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of violin sound exposure with pressure level variation to green mustard (Brassica juncea L.) growth and productivity
Authors: Prasetyo J , Raju
Published: June 2021

The objective of this research was to investigate effect of violin sound exposure to morphology characteristic and green mustard productivity. Experimental design used was completely randomized design with one treatment factor which was sound level. The sound level consisted of three levels, 70-75 dB, 80-85 dB and 90-95 dB. Total treatment combinations were 4 combinations. The object of this research was Tosokan variety of green mustard which are commonly available in market. The number of samples was considered as repetition. Result showed that violin sound at level 70-75 dB resulted the highest germination rate about 98% when compared to 80-85 dB and 90-95 dB levels. Violin music sound stimulation gave significant effect on plant morphological characteristics such as plant height, leaf area and plant and root length when compared to the control plants. Sound exposure at 70-75 dB sound level generally produced highest values for all morphological characteristics. Statistical analysis showed that sound exposure at 70-75 dB sound level produced highest productivity average weight, 22.5 grams per plant, while control plants produced an average weight only 15 grams per plant. The conclusion of this study was violin music stimulation resulted increased green mustard productivity, especially at low sound level.
Utilization of Gabus Pasir fish waste meal (Butis
Amboinensis) to substitute commercial fish meal on Pekin duck’s performance
Authors: Sari T V , Wahyuni T H
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine to the effect of the utilization of Gabus Pasir (Butis amboinensis) waste fish meal (GPWFM) as a substitute for commercial fish meal (CFM) on feed consumption, body weight gain, final weight, and feed conversion ratio of Pekin duck at 8 weeks. This research method uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications, each replication consisting of 5 day old duck. The treatments consisted of P0 (diet with 10% CFM); P1 (diet with 7.5% CFM and 2.5% GPWFM); P2 (diet with 5% CFM and 5% GPWFM); P3 (diet with 2.5% CFM and 7.5% GPWFM) and P4 (diet with 10% GPWFM). Based on the analysis of variance, it showed that all treatments did not have a significantly effect (P>0.05) on feed consumption, body weight gain, final weight and feed conversion ratio of Pekin ducks at the age of 8 weeks of maintenance. It can be concluded that Gabus Pasir fish waste meal can be used in diet to substitute commercial fish meal at a level of 100%, that is 10% of the level of fish meal in the diet.
The impact of sex-linked dwarf gene on hormonal reproductive profiles and biochemical traits in Iraqi dwarf roosters
Authors: Khafaji S S , Gatea S M , ALjanabi Th K , Altaie S M S
Published: June 2021

The current experiment was aimed to explore the influencing of the sex-linked dwarf gene on some fertility hormones and biochemical profile in normal local and dwarf roosters. Thirty normal local and dwarf roosters at age 28 weeks were housed at opened system for 6 weeks. At end of 6th week, blood samples collected from all roosters and centrifuged to obtained sera for measuring the concentrations of Interstitial cell stimulating hormone ‘ICSH’, Follicle stimulating hormone ‘FSH’ and testosterone hormone, total protein, albumen, globulin, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase ‘GOT’, Alkaline phosphatase ‘ALP’, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase ‘GPT’. The statistical analysis documented significant (P<0.05) decline in FSH and testosterone hormone in dwarf group roosters compared with normal local roosters. As well as, the level of total protein and globulin registered significant decline (P<0.05) in dwarf group roosters in comparison with normal local group roosters. On the other hand, the level of hepatic enzymes, GOT, GPT and ALK, recorded a significant (P<0.05) elevation in dwarf group roosters when compared with normal local group roosters. Concluded, that the sex-linked dwarf gene could be affected on hormonal fecundity profile and some biochemical traits in dwarf roosters.
Garut Sheep productivity in different initial body weight with feeding by water spinach straw at adaptation phase
Authors: Maulana H , Baliarti E , Astrini A L , Pamungkas A P
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine Garut Sheep productivity in different initial body weight feeding by water spinach straw at adaptation phase. Thirty-one Garut ewes (1-year-old) used on this research and divided into 3 groups of initial body weight, SS (11.01-14.00 kg), MS (14.01-17.00 kg), LS (17.01-20.00 kg). Sheep were kept intensively and fed concentrate and water spinach straw (Ipomea reptans). The weighing was carried out before treatment (day 0) and after the adaptation period ended (day 14). Average daily gain, Feed conversion ratio, Feed cost per day, and Feed cost per gain were calculate to evaluate animal productivity. There are no differences in feed intake of water spinach straw and concentrate on each group of body weight (P>0.05). MS and LS groups had the best gain and ADG (P <0.05). MS has the best feed conversion compared to SS, so it has an impact on the feed cost per gain which is also cheaper (P <0.05). The results of this study show that the FCR and feed cost per gain of LS group were not different compare SS group (P> 0.05). It can be concluded that MS group has the best performance during the adaptation period.
The effect of altitude on the exterior characteristic and growth of Bali calves in the Bali Province
Authors: Anggraini L J , Panjono  , Ngadiyono N , Bintara S , Baliarti E
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of altitude on the exterior characteristic and growth of Bali calves in Bali province. The research location was conducted in two different places, Kintamani (Highlands) and Gianyar (Lowlands). The material used was 105 Bali calves consisting of 34 male calves and 71 female calves. The data is taken by one of the characters. The data obtained were descriptive qualitative. Qualitative descriptive statistical analysis was performed by calculating the average value and performance of the data including birth weight, weaning weight with a factorial analysis of variance. The results showed that the exterior of the Bali Calf has a character of brick red and yellow on the body and white on the buttocks and lower legs. As well as calves, male and female Bali calves have horns at the age of less than one year. The birth weight of highland calves (P<0.05) was higher than that in the lowlands. The weaning weights of male and female calves (P<0.05) were higher than those in lowlands.
Efficiency utilization of protein and energy of maggot black soldier fly at different phase on chicks
Authors: Marbun N G T , Tafsin M , Henuk Y L
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the use of protein and energy from the Black soldier fly (BSF) maggot with age differences in chickens. The research was conducted in the Animal Husbandry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications was used in this study. The treatments were BSF maggots aged 14, 21, 28, and 35 days. The parameters consisted of crude protein digestibility, nitrogen retention, and Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AME). The results showed that the treatment was statistically significant (P <0.01) on protein digestibility, nitrogen retention, and AME in chicks. Increasing the age of the BSF maggot decreases protein digestibility, but this shows an increase in AME. It was concluded that the BSF maggot was the most efficient according to the utilization of protein and energy at the age of 24 days.
The level of market waste use of mustard greens (Brassica pekinensia) as duck feed
Authors: Nova T D , Zein R
Published: June 2021

Research to Determine the Effect of the level of vegetable waste in feed on duck production performance has been carried out in the experimental cages of Poultry Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, West Sumatra Province. This study used 80 heads day-old ducks for ten weeks of class. The research design was a randomized block design (RBD) with five treatments and four replications. The treatments used were: treatment A: feed without chicory waste flour (control), B: feed + 10% chicory waste flour, C: feed + 15% chicory waste flour, D: feed + chicory waste flour 20%, E: feed + 25% chicory waste flour. The variables observed were energy intake, percentage of the carcass, and percentage of abdominal fat. Based on the research, the results showed that the addition of chicory waste flour had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on energy intake and the percentage of abdominal fat for local male ducks but had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the portion of local male duck carcass. It can be concluded that in this study, giving white mustard dregs flour in a ration of up to 25% can be used to reduce the percentage of local ducks.
Land use changes monitoring over a period of ten years in Panjang Island, Pangkalan Susu, Langkat, North Sumatra
Authors: Rahmawaty  , Harahap M M , Kurniawan H , Rauf A
Published: June 2021

Panjang Island is one of the islands in Pangkalan Susu Sub-district, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province. This study aimed to analyze Used land changes during ten years period in Panjang Island. Used land changes was analized spatially using Geographis Information System (GIS). The results showed that within an interval of ten years (2009-2019), there were changes in the area of Used land in Panjang Island. In 2009, the land cover on Panjang Island only consisted of mangroves and settlements. There are five types of landcover in 2009 on Panjang Island, namely: open land, mangrove, settlement, pond and shrub. Over a period of ten years, the mangrove area was reduced by 6.29 ha in Panjang Island, Pangkalan Susu Sub-district. Changes of mangrove land cover into open land was 0.44 ha, changes of mangrove into shrub was 3.51 ha and changes of mangrove into pond was 2.34 ha. During a period of ten years, the settlement in Panjang Island did not change.
Phenology of the bunga bangkai (Amorphophallus gigas) in North Padang Lawas, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Rambey R , Rangkuti A B , Onrizal  , Susilowaty A , Wijayanto N , Siregar I Z
Published: June 2021

The “bunga bangkai” is a compound interest with spadix and solitary inflorescences. Amorphophallus gigas is one of several species of Amorphophallus which is endemic to Sumatra. One of the original habitats for A. gigas is found in North Padang Lawas and is found in bloom almost all year round. This study aimed to observe the phenology of A. gigas in North Padang Lawas Regency, precisely in Bargottopong Village which was found on a rubber agroforestry land in one of the communities. Observations were made every 3 days, starting from the buds being found to the wilted state. Observations were made since it was discovered on February 25th, 2020, with a height of 58 cm with a shape that is still bud to wither (broken appendix and spatha withered) March 14th, 2020. From the time it was found to wither it only lasted 19 days. There are 6 species of animals found when the “bunga bangkai” blooms, including flies (Musca domistica), fleas (Tribolium confusum), forest mosquitoes (Aedes albipictus), ants (Camponutus sp), beetles (Plagiodera sp), and moths (Scania olivares).
Ethnobotany of the Arecaceae family in Torgamba District, South Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra
Authors: Rambey R , Tambunan W A , Hasibuan M , Siregar F A , Prayogo B , Silalahi C , Hasibuan D , Syahputra N
Published: June 2021

Ethnobotany is a branch of science that studies the relationship between humans and plants. The arecaceae family is found in Indonesia and is widely used by people throughout the region Study ethnobotany of the Arecaceae family in South Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra aims to make an inventory of the types of arecaceae species commonly used by the community. The types of arecaceae species found in South Labuhanbatu include coconut (Cocos nucifera), Aren (Arenga pinnata), Palm Oil (Elais guineensis), Areca nut (Areca catecu), Red areca (Areca sp), Manau rattan (Calamus manan), King rattan (Calamus sp), Ornamental palm (Trachycarpus fortunei), Sikkut (Johannesteijsmania magnifica) and Palem palas payung (Licuana grandis). Of the 10 types of palms, almost all of them have multiple benefits. Its uses include food, building materials, medicine, household tools, ornamental plants for local social and cultural activities.
The potential of indigenous rhizobacteria from areca nut rhizosphere in South Konawe regency as a plant growth promoter
Authors: Sutariati G A K , Muhidin  , Khaeruni A , Rahni N M , Rakian T C , Madiki A , Mudi L , Nurlina  , Hamriani  , Wibawa G N A
Published: June 2021

Sustainable agriculture focuses on the applied of biological resources in agricultural cultivation process, therefore exploration and isolation of potential microbes as biological fertilizers need to be continuously developed. The research aim was to get the potential indigenous rhizobacteria isolates from the rhizosphere of areca nut plants as plant growth promotor. The experiment consists of 4 series based on the location of isolate collection, namely Angata 7 isolates, Landono 7 isolates, Palangga 6 isolates, and 4 isolates Wolasi, using a complete randomized design with three replications. The potential of these various isolates on a laboratory scale was evaluated via seed viability and vigour tests using upland rice as indicator plant. Inoculation of seeds using rhizobacteria isolates was able to improve the viability and vigour of rice seeds as shown by increasing potential development, germination percentage, vigour index, and relative growth rate as compared to control. The research found that 19 isolates which have the potential to promote plant growth were selected, namely AG1, AG2, AG3, AG4 and AG7 (Angata), LD1, LD2, LD3, LD4, LD5 and LD7 (Landono), PL1, PL2, PL5, PL6 (Palangga) and WL1, WL2, WL3 and WL4 (Wolasi). Field-scale experiments is required to evaluate these potential isolates as biofertilizers.
The use of BSF (Black Soldier Fly) maggot in mini biopond as a solution for organic waste management on a household scale
Authors: Ichwan M , Siregar A Z , Nasution T I , Yusni E
Published: June 2021

Domestic waste which has a high protein content has the potential to be bio-converted usingHermetia illucenslarvae which has 45-50% protein nutrition and 24-30% fat. So that it can be used as a source of high nutritious feed for fish, chickens and other livestock. This research studiedH. illucenslarvae, known as Black Soldier Fly (BSF) through the SiMalin process, USU’s Waste Management System through Urban Farming. The first step as an axus study is done by collecting garbage (vegetables and fruits) in each household in USU’s housing. by varying the feed rate of 150, 200, 250 mg / larva / day. The study was conducted for 21 day by analysing larvae weight, consuming the substrate and trying to feed fresh wet larvae to fish and chickens. The results of this study indicate that the waste is the most optimal way to produce larvae in this process is a mixture of fruit peels with a feed rate of 250 mg/larva/day or a total weight of 25.00 grams per feeding. BSF is an alternative to utilizing waste that is appropriate and environmentally friendly.
Causal loop of system thinking in mitigating human tiger conflict based livelihood around Leuser
Authors: Patana P , Afifuddin Y , Sulistiyono N
Published: June 2021

Human tiger conflict (HTC) has become serious problem in Indonesia in term of conservation effort of Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) since population of this species has declined in recent years. The threat of tiger death increases following the number of conflict accidents with humans. The solution requires a comprehensive approach, because it involves the interests of parties. This research was conducted around Gunung Leuser National Park by purposive sampling in Bahorok (Langkat Regency) and Tapaktuan (South Aceh Regency). This study used the system thinking approach in looking at the variables that affected the complexity of HTC. Analysis of needs resulted variables as controlled input of model that describing by causal loop. This study will see the interrelationship of conflict-causing factors with the livelihoods of forest communities. Five aspects of livelihood that became the focus of research consisted environmental, economic, social, human and physical resources. The causal loop of each variable reflected in a diagram.
Sustainable oil palm plantations as a form of state-owned enterprise management with good faith standard
Authors: Siringo-Ringo A , Nasution B , Sirait N N , Siregar M
Published: June 2021

A sustainable oil palm plantation strives to generate great profits without neglecting its surrounding community and environment. This paper discusses the standard production management at Plantation SOEs based on the concept of sustainable development of oil palm plantations. In improving quality and profits, companies require good faith to prevent fraud. The management of Plantation SOEs avoid an action that causes company losses, be attentive, avoid conflicts of interest, and take preventative actions. This is a normative juridical research showing that fraudulent practices such as the delivering palm oil commodities without official documents, false records, double invoicing, theft, embezzlement, corruption, loss of assets, deterioration of company health and income, and debt can threaten the reputation and cause losses for Plantation SOEs and the country. In conclusion, a sustainable oil palm plantation as a form of standardized production management at Plantation SOEs based on good faith is the main approach to prevent fraud and corporate and state losses. However, Management is not yet committed to implement this approach. To realize this, the good faith must be regulated according to the law, articles of association, and SOP. This will enable violators to be subjected to legal sanctions to protect public interests.
Professional and moral responsibilities of notaries overseeing agricultural land conversions
Authors: Natasari E , Ginting B , Sitepu R , Kalo S
Published: June 2021

An increasing number of residents has indirectly affected demands for housing. However, not all agricultural land is eligible for conversion. Law Number 41 of 2009 concerning the Protection of Sustainable Food Agriculture Land (SFAL Law) allows for converting land functions only if two conditions are fulfilled, namely natural disaster and public infrastructure construction. This research utilizes a standard method through a normative juridical approach. The results show that based on Article 7 Paragraph (1) of Government Regulation Number 37 of 1998 concerning Land Deed Officer Regulations, Land Deed Officer can concurrently act as Notary, Consultant, or Legal Advisor. The function as an In-House Lawyer requires them to provide public assistance in land conversion. They must also possess a moral responsibility to provide guidance or counseling on the negative impacts of reduced agricultural land, specifically food sustainability. In conclusion, the Notary/Land Deed Official’s professional and moral responsibilities apply when they oversee the land conversion process. This study recommends that counseling conducted by Notaries/Land Deed Officials relating to food security and sovereignty should be carried out continuously and periodically to the public.
Saving the unfortunate Indonesian palm oil farmers as sustainable agriculture actor
Authors: Robert  , Nasution B , Sirait N N
Published: June 2021

Since early 2019, global palm oil price keeps on decreasing. Such condition makes it challenging to apply sustainable agriculture in Indonesia, especially in the palm oil sector. This paper will examine two research questions: first, the comparison between Chapter 12 USBC and Indonesian bankruptcy law, especially in protecting the palm oil farmer. Second, how the Indonesian bankruptcy law ought to preserve the unfortunate palm oil farmers in the future. The research methodology applied in this paper is normative legal research. Chapter 12 USBC has provided sufficient protection for the unfortunate farmer debtors. Indonesian bankruptcy law does not recognize a specific type of debtor, especially farmer debtors. It will be challenging to handle the unfortunate Indonesian palm oil farmer with current bankruptcy law. This research shows that Indonesian bankruptcy law doesn’t provide sufficient protection for the palm oil farmers. It’s recommended that the Indonesian government amends the bankruptcy law. Therefore, the farmers will be able to fulfil their role as one of the actors who apply sustainable agriculture in the palm oil sector.
Impact of oil palm plantation on household welfare in Jambi Province
Authors: Napitupulu D , Alamsyah Z , Ernawati HD , Yanita M , Elwamendri E , Fauzia G
Published: June 2021

Oil palm plantation has been taken into Indonesia agriculture business since a long time ago. It is noted that Indonesia has been the leading crude palm oil (CPO) producers since Year 2006 in the word. However, the sustainability of that business raising to be a questionable for it face slow replanting process particularly those which belongs to smallholder farmer. This study was conducted to analyse the effect of oil palm management on oil palm smallholder welfare in Jambi province. The study showed that the farming practice carried out by farmers, farmer perceptions of innovation, and work ethic have positive and significant effect on smallholder household welfare, while farmers attitudes towards RSPO and farmers’ perceptions of replanting are tended to have a negative correlation on smallholder household welfare.
Oil palm industry digitalization for sustainable plantation production in community economic development
Authors: Stella  , Ginting B , Saidin O K , Azwar T K D
Published: June 2021

In industry 4.0, the use of digitization in oil palm industry has encouraged economic development. It can help the industry on the marketing. The government must ensure of the application provider on the industry digitization in trading. This research discusses how does the government regulate the use of digitization in the palm oil industry to guarantee the sustainable plantation products. The method employed the normative juridical analysis. It discusses government regulations also have major benefits for the digitization industry, namely ensuring sustainable plantations, reducing operating costs, and creating efficiencies that lead to increased exports of domestic products. The government has issued the information of electronic transactions in the Law Number 11 of 2008 in conjunction with Law Number 19 of 2016. It can eliminate against the industry concerning destruction, forest fires, and infiltration of the local springs caused by oil palm plantations. The result shows about the main benefits of the digitization on the oil palm industry. The oil palm plantation of digitization shows the aspects of production, social, economy, and environment. It recommends the industry should uphold the liability of plantation workers in their harvests and marketing. Therefore, fair business competition of the oil palm industry can be obtained.
The preference and shelf life of crispy fried onions
Authors: Trisnawati W , Sari A R K , Yanti N K A T
Published: June 2021

Crispy fried onion is widely used on the food processing to improve food tasteful as additional part of the cuisine. This study aimed to understand the shelf life of crispy fried onions which packaged by using Polyethylene (PE) plastic, Polypropylene (PP) plastic and Aluminium Foil (AF), understand the consumer’s preference during storage and also the preference from external consumers. Sensory test to external consumers was carried out in Bangli, Tabanan, Buleleng Regency and Denpasar City as the centre production of onions in Bali. The estimation of crispy fried onions shelf life was determined by using Extended Storage Studies (ESS). Results showed that the utilization of AF packaging was the best packaging with the shelf life of crispy fried onions was 13 weeks following by 8.28% water content. PCA analysis result on the sensory test during storage concluded that the uses of AF packaging affected on the texture, colour, taste and overall. Additionally, consumer’s preference in Buleleng Regency was influenced by colour, consumer’s preference in Tabanan and Denpasar were influenced by texture and taste and consumer’s preference in Bangli was affected by flavour according to PCA analysis result to external consumers.
Morphological characteristic of Fusarium spp. in several highlands of North Sumatera
Authors: Minarni  , Hasanuddin  , Ginting J
Published: June 2021

Fusarium spp. is a genus of fungi that causes disease in many plants so that special attention, handling and control is needed for this pathogen. Morphological observations are needed to provide an overview of macroscopic and microscopic morphological variations that be used as basic information in the development of a Fusarium spp. control program. The research aims to determine the morphological characteristics of Fusarium spp. in several highlands of North Sumatra. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan in September-December 2019. Fusarium spp. isolates obtained from several highlands of North Sumatra were rejuvenated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. All isolates were observed macroscopically and microscopically to determine colony morphology including macroconidium, microconidium and conidiophores. Microscopic morphological observations using a compound microscope. The results showed that Fusarium spp. obtained have almost the same morphology. Microscopic observation showed that there were differences in macroconidia morphology in Fusarium spp isolates found in Tanah Karo District with Simalungun and Dairi Districts.
The effect of the ratio of wheat flour with fermentation orange sweet potato flour and addition of baking powder on the quality of dried choux pastry
Authors: Rahmadani A , Lubis L M , Nainggolan R J
Published: June 2021

The research aims were to find out the nutritional value of wheat flour and fermented orange sweet potato flour and the addition of baking powder and to identify the best formulation of dried choux pastry making. The research was using completely randomized design with two factors. i.e., the ratio of wheat flour with fermented orange sweet potato flour (T): T1 = 50:50, T2 = 60:40, T3 = 70:30, T4 = 80:30. The second factors is baking powder (B): B1 = 1%, B2 = 2%, B3 = 3%. The ratio of wheat flour with fermented orange sweet potato flour had a highly significant effect on moisture content, cake volume specific, colour hedonic values, texture hedonic values, and texture score values. The addition of baking powder had a highly significant effect on moisture content, cake volume specific, texture hedonic values, and texture score values. The interaction of the ratio of wheat flour with fermented orange sweet potato flour and the addition of baking powder had a highly effect on cake volume specific. The best-dried choux pastry composition is treatment T4B3 which the ratio of wheat flour with fermented orange sweet potato of 80:20 and 3% baking powder addition.
The effect of sauerkraut liquid with sugarcane water and fermentation time on the quality of instant bekasam of mujair fish
Authors: Lubis N N , Suhaidi I , Yusraini E
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the addition of sauerkraut liquid with sugarcane water and fermentation time on the quality of instant bekasam of mujair fish. The research was using a factorial randomized design with addition of sauerkraut liquid with sugarcane water (P1=60%:40%, P2=70%:30%, P3=80%:20%, P4=90%:10%) and fermentation time (L1=12 hours, L2=24 hours, L3=36 hours). The addition of sauerkraut liquid with sugarcane water had a highly significant effect on moisture content, protein content, pH content, hedonic values of flavour and taste. Fermentation time had a highly significant effect on protein content, pH values, hedonic values of aroma and taste. The addition of sauerkraut liquid with sugarcane water of 80%:20% and fermentation time of 36 hours had the best quality of instant bekasam of mujair fish.
Taking essential oil by water distillation and antibacterial activity test of refined water from agarwood plant parts (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk)
Authors: Nurminah M , Batubara R , Ismanelly T , Albert
Published: June 2021

Agarwood distilled water is a by-product produced during water distillation from wood containing resin in Aquilaria sp. Distilled water contains a small fraction of aromatic compounds obtained from plants during the distillation process which collects in distilled water. This research is expected to provide information about the potential of agarwood plant parts. The methods were raw material preparation, determination of water content, making distilled water, phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity test. The results were water content (average value 1.98-5.29 %) has met the BPOM RI standards, we met glycosides in leaf, trunk, skinned stems, bark. Parts of agarwood has antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutants bacteria.
Edible coating made of taro starch and red dragon fruit peel extract
Authors: Sipayung K , Sinaga H , Suryanto D
Published: June 2021

Edible coating is a technique for food preservation that improves product quality. This research was conducted to introduce innovative edible coating packaging that is environmentally friendly and safe in food products with the aim to extend shelf life and the ability to prevent microbial growth. Edible coating was made from taro starch, CMC, glycerine, stearic acid, and dragon fruit peel extract, then pH analysis and antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus were carried out. It is known that the characteristic of the edible coating produce with the best pH value and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus were of obtained in 1.0 % concentration namely 5.197 and 1.685 mm, respectively. The average inhibition zone formed by dragon fruit peel extract has a weak inhibitory power against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Effect of mackerel (Rastrelliger) arsik soup on the LDL levels of hypercholesterolemic rats
Authors: Mendrofa A M S , Julianti E , Nainggolan R J
Published: June 2021

Fish arsik soup is a popular traditional food in North Sumatera especially in Batak ethnic. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of different dose of mackerel fish arsik soup on body weight and LDL blood level in rats that were given a cholesterol rich feed namely quail egg yolk. Research was performed by using a Randomized Group Design. Forty male rats were grouped into 5 groups. The first group (K1) was the negative control group which was given distilled water and basal diet. The second, third, and fourth groups were given fish arsik soup with the dose of 1 ml/200 g body weight (bw)/day (K2), 2 ml/200 g bw/day (K3), and 3 ml/200 g bw/day (K4), and the last group was positive control group which was given gemfibrozil (K5). The result shows that rats fed quail egg yolk had a state of body weight gain and hypercholesterolemic. Administration of mackerel fish arsik soup to hypercholesterolemic rats with various dose had significantly (p<0.05) lower LDL level of rat blood compared to negative and positive control groups. The administration of mackerel fish arsik soup 1 ml/200 g bw/day resulted in the highest reduction in LDL levels in the rat’s blood.
Seagrass distribution in the east coast of Bintan
Authors: Khairunnisa  , Setyobudiandi I , Boer M
Published: June 2021

There is a lot of seagrass species in Bintan. This study aimed to assess the seagrass distribution and density in the east coast of Bintan Island. The sampling was conducted from January to March 2017 in three observation stations which were Berakit, Malang Rapat, and Teluk Bakau. The observation and assessment of seagrass distribution and density was conducted using line transect method and 0.5 m x 0.5 m quadrats along the transect. In total, 9 species were found during this study namely Syringodium isoetifolium, Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Halophila uninvervis, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis, Thalassodendron cilliatum, and Cymodocea serrulata. Highest seagrass composition is found in sampling point 3 and E. acoroides was found in all sampling point location. This could comparison study to the present status and be basic data for seagrass management in Bintan Island.
Inhibition effectivity of Halimeda macroloba seaweed extract against fish indigenous bacteria for safety fisheries product
Authors: Dewinta A F , Wahyudi Y A , Pratama R Y , Susetya I E , Siregar R F , Manurung V R
Published: June 2021

Concerns about the potential for residual antibiotics can cause adverse health effects for consumers. The use of inappropriate antibiotics is feared to lead to antimicrobial resistance by pathogens. New sources of antibacterial can be obtained from bioactive compounds from seaweed, one of which is a H. macroloba type. The research objective was to determine the effectiveness of H. macroloba seaweed extract inhibition against indigenous bacteria in fish. H. macroloba samples taken from the waters of Pane Island. The extraction process was carried out by maceration method with methanol p.a solvent. The secondary metabolites were obtained with phytochemical test. Inhibition test with the Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method through experimental by adding DMSO. H. macroloba have secondary metabolite compounds, there are alkaloids and flavonoids which a function as an inhibitory force for bacteria. Different treatment of H. macroloba extract resulted in a significant effect on Vibrio parahemolitycus with an inhibitory value of 10.73 mm. Meanwhile, different treatment on Aeromonas hydrophyla and Aeromonas salmonicida was stated to have no significant effect in increasing the inhibition zone diameter. However, it was directly proportional to the increasing effectiveness of the inhibition zone diameter, the most effective treatment was at a concentration of 100%.
The effectiveness of contact fungicides mancozeb in controlling potato leaf blight disease (Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Barry) in Karo District in the wet month and in the laboratory
Authors: Sari A L , Hasanuddin  , Lubis L
Published: June 2021

The increase of potato harvest area in North Sumatra was not accompanied by the production is caused by Phytophthora infestans, especially in the wet months. The most control method used in farming is using synthetic fungicides with mancozeb ingredients. To achieve efficiency, the effectiveness of management, and safety products, accuracy is needed in the use of concentration and application intervals. This research was conducted from December 2018 to December 2019 at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara and in an experimental field in Berastagi, Karo Regency. Laboratory experiment used a completely randomized design with fungicides concentrations 160 ppm, 240 ppm, 320 ppm and without fungicides. The field experiment was arranged in a Factorial Randomized Block Design with 1st factor was: concentrations of contact fungicide mancozeb 2 gr fungicide/L, 3 gr fungicide/L, 4 gr fungicide/L and without fungicides. The 2nd factor was: fungicide application interval 4 days, 8 days and 12 days respectively. The fungicide concentration could inhibit the growth of P. infestans in vitro. Consequently, the fungicides concentration and application intervals as well as their interactions were not effective in decreasing the severity of potato leaf blight in the field experiment during the wet months.
The application of Hydrogel (Super Absorbent Polymer) and chicken manure fertilizer to increase pH, N-total, C-organic and soil water content in Entisol
Authors: Sarifuddin  , Rauf A , Dewantari Y
Published: June 2021

Entisol is one of the soils which not only poor in nutrients, especially Nitrogen and organic carbon, but also has an acidic pH and low water-holding power due to the sandy soil fraction hence additional soil conditioners are needed to improve the soil, such as hydrogel and chicken manure as organic material. This research aimed to assess the ability of hydrogel and chicken manure to increase pH, N-nutrient, C-Organic and moisture content in Entisol soil. The research was conducted in a greenhouse using a randomized block design with 2 factors, factor I was the hydrogel consisting of H0 = 0 g/polybag, H1 = 100 g/polybag, H2 = 200 g/polybag, H3 = 300 g/polybag and factor II was chicken manure consisting of K0 = 0 g/polybag, K1 = 50 g/polybag, K2 = 100 g/polybag, and K3 = 150 g/polybag. The results showed that the hydrogel and chicken manure and its interaction were able to increase the pH, N-total, C-organic and soil water content of Entisol.
Response of edamame growth and production in the lowlands by spacing treatment and application of liquid organic fertilizers
Authors: Hasanah Y , Lahay R R , Pangestu W
Published: June 2021

Edamame soybeans have excellent prospects for development in the lowlands. In order to grow well, edamame soybeans need liquid organic fertilizer as a nutrient supply and proper spacing. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of spacing treatment and application of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) on soybean edamame growth and production. A field research was conducted in Medan from September until December 2019, using a factorial randomized block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor is spacing treatment of edamame, namely 40cmx20cm; 30cm x 20 cm and 20cm x 20cm. The second factor is LOF application consisting of 40; 60 and 80 mL/L of water. Research result showed that spacing of 30cm x 20cm treatment increased the number of productive branches. LOF treatment of 40mL/L of water increased the dry weight of 100 seeds. The interaction between plant spacing and LOF application had no significant effect on all observed variables.
Growth and production of Cilembu sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties in the highlands with potassium fertilizer and pruning treatments
Authors: Hasanah Y , Rahmawati N , Nasution K H
Published: June 2021

The efforts to increase the productivity of sweet potatoes is applying of potassium and pruning treatments. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of potassium fertilizer and pruning treatments on the growth and production of Cilembu sweet potato varieties in the highlands (1.340 m above sea level). The study was conducted at “Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran” (Vegetable Crops Research Institute), Tongkoh Village, Berastagi – Tanah Karo on September 2018 - March 2019, using a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was potassium fertilizer (0; 7; 14 and 21 g KCl/plant) and the second factor was pruning (without pruning; pruning till 3 tendrils; pruning till 2 tendrils and pruning till 1 tendril). The result of the research showed the treatment of potassium (7-21 g/plant) significantly increased the tuber size compared to without potassium fertilizer. The combination of 7 g KCl/plant and pruning till 2 tendrils treatments significantly increased the length of the main tendrils at 10-11 week after planting and tuber length per sample. While the combination of 14 g KCl/plant and pruning till 3 tendrils treatments produced the highest tuber weight per plot.
The health status of saga tree (Adenanthera pavonina) in campus area of Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU)
Authors: Susilowati A , Ahmad A G , Rangkuti A B , Harahap M M , Sujarwo  , Ginting I M
Published: June 2021

Saga (Adenanthera pavonina) is multipurpose tree species found in the Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) campus. Along with broken branches and fallen trees on the USU campus, it is necessary to monitor the trees’ health. This study aimed to measure the saga trees’ health status at the USU campus. The research was conducted by the census method to 153 saga trees. The health monitoring was performed using Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method. The results showed that the sixth damage type that occurred on saga trees are: cancer, decay further, open wounds, leaves decolourization, loss of dominant tip, and broken or dead branches. Based on its health status, four trees (2.61%) are in the very healthy category, 35 trees (22.88%) are in the healthy category, 88 trees (57.52%) are less healthy, and 26 trees (16.99%) are in the unhealthy category. The damage index value for saga trees at the USU campus is commonly on the moderate category, so maintenance activities are needed to improve tree health and avoid unwanted incidents.
Amount of applications biofertilizer and biological control agents (Beauveria bassiana Vuill) on growth and yield of red chili (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Hapsoh I R , Dini  , Salbiah D , Saputra M
Published: June 2021

High chili production is inseparable from proper fertilization and control of pests and plant diseases. This is done because red chili is a plant that is quite susceptible to attack by pests and diseases, resulting in disruption of growth and decreased production of red chili. Efforts that can be made to overcome this problem are by applying biofertilizer and entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana) as biological control agents. The application is expected to increase the production of red chili plants and reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers and chemical pesticides. The research objective was to determine the effect of amount of applications biofertilizer and biological control agents on red chili production. This study used a factorial completely randomized design consisting of two factors where the first factor was amount of applications biofertilizer and the second was amount applications of biological control agents. Each factor consists of four levels, namely zero time, one time, twice, and three times applications. The results showed that amount of applications three times of biofertilizer and biological control agents tended to give the best response to the yield of red chili.
Radio-sensitivity test of gamma irradiation of local chilli pepper seeds (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Tarigan R , Hanafiah D S , Sinurya M
Published: June 2021

Chilli pepper is a strategic horticultural commodity for its economic, nutritional, and medicinal values and is used as a spice in a variety of cuisines all over the world. Induced mutation by gamma ray’s irradiation has been used to increase chilli resistance and quality. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum dose of gamma irradiation in inducing resistance in putative mutation(M1) on chilli pepper seeds. The seeds induced were infected by Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (PYLCV) and were irradiated with 0, 25, 50, 100,150,200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000Gy. The plants (M1) were observed for their seed germination, leaf length, leaf width, and plant height. The results indicated that the best LD50 irradiation was 288.269 Gy (y = 82.7847+ 0.0698x + 0.0002x2 + 2.0082x3). The results also revealed that plants irradiated with doses 150, 200, and 250 Gy were selected to be planted in the field.
The effect of biofertilizer, chicken manure and dolomite on chemical soil and the growth of soybean at potential acid sulphate soils
Authors: Lubis K S , Hanum H , Aulia G
Published: June 2021

The combination of Biotara bio fertilizer and dolomite is known to improve the potential acid sulphate soil fertility. This research has been carried out to examine the effect of Biotara as bio fertilizer, chicken manure, and dolomite on several soil chemical properties and soybean growth in potential acid sulphate soil from May 2018 to January 2019 at greenhouse of Agricultural Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan. This research has been carried out using factorial randomized block design with 2 (two) factors and 3 (three) replications and analysed using ANOVA. The first factor is biofertilizer consist such as P0 (without biofertilizer), P1 (50 kg/Ha), P2 (50 kg/Ha with 1 ton/Ha of chicken manure). The second factor is the consist of dolomite, such as K0 (without dolomite), K1 (2 ton/Ha), and K2 (4 ton/Ha). The results showed that the combination of biofertilizer (50 kg/Ha) with chicken manure (1 ton/Ha) can increase pH, organic carbon, total-N, and available phosphate, height and dry weight of crop, N and P uptake of soybean. Interaction between biofertilizer (50 kg/Ha), chicken manure (1 ton/Ha) and dolomite (4 ton/Ha) showed the best yield on total-N and available phosphate, height, and dry weight, N and P uptake of soybean.
Study of some chemical properties of ultisol soil applied by biochar and compos from some biomasses and incubation time
Authors: Utami A , Hidayat B , Mukhlis
Published: June 2021

Biochar and compost applications are alternative in improving soil chemical properties, such as Ultisol soil and utilizing the current abundance of biomass waste. Biochar has long available properties and takes longer to decompose than compost. This study aims to compare the effect of biochar and compost for several months of incubation on soil chemical properties. This research was conducted with several pot from plastic cup and placed in a greenhouse using a non-factorial randomized block design with control, biochar and compost treatments taken from rice straw biomass, empty palm oil bunches, and cow dung, with 3 replications. The parameters measured were pH H2O, C-Organic, N-total, and available P. The results indicate that the provision of biochar and compost can increase the pH of H2O, C-Organic, N-total, and P available in Ultisol soil for 1,2 and 3 months of incubation. Biochar is better at increasing available pH, C-Organic, N-total, and P than compost with the best treatment found in Biochar from cow dung biomass and oil palm empty bunches. Meanwhile, the treatment of cow manure compost was better at increasing pH H2O during incubation time and nutrients in Ultisol soil, followed by compost of empty palm oil bunches and straw.
Morphophysiological characters of binahong (Anredera cordifolia (L.) Steenis) with application of natural growth regulators
Authors: Mawarni L , Hasanah Y , Rusmarilin H
Published: June 2021

The morphophysiological study of binahong is still limited. The objective of the research is to identify the morphophysiological characteristics of binahong plants through natural GR application. This study described the relationship of plant length, number of leaves, stomatal density, and the content of chlorophyll leaves of binahong due to the application of natural growth regulators from coconut water combined with red shallot extract, bamboo shoots, and banana weevils. The research used a nonfactorial randomized block design with 3 replications. The results obtained in general giving GR can reduce plant length and number of leaves. The highest stomatal density was obtained in the application of coconut water while the lowest as shown in the application of coconut water and bamboo shoots. Chlorophyll a and b, as well as the highest total chlorophyll, are found without growth regulators application and application of a mixture of coconut water, shallot, bamboo shoots and, banana weevils. Chlorophyll a and b and the lowest total chlorophyll are found in the application of coconut water and bamboo shoots.