bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of Games in Teaching English and Performance of Students in Learning Parts of Speech
Authors:   Surigao State College of Technology, Guiral Regz , Gordonas Annabelle ,   Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Guiral Froilan ,   Surigao State College of Technology
Published: January 2025

This project focused on the Integration of Games in English and performance of students in the parts of speech. It delved on the level of performance of the control and experimental groups in pretest and posttest in the parts of speech as to: Naming Words, Modifying, and Connecting and significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores of the control and experimental groups and significant difference in the increase from the pretest and posttest scores between the control and experimental groups. The study utilized the quasi-experimental design to determine the effectiveness in integrating games in teaching English to college students by employing Wilcoxon Singed Rank Test and Mann Whitney U Test.

The study revealed the following major findings: The students were not really competent from the parts of speech, particularly, nouns and prepositions in the pretest. While in the posttest, they improved with satisfactory and outstanding performances. The rest of the parts of speech were consistent in control group. Interestingly, the experimental group was competent. They were consistent in pronoun and adjective with outstanding performance while the rest got satisfactory and very satisfactory performances. Hence, employing games in teaching the parts of speech significantly improved the performance of the students. Further, there was no significant difference between the pretest and posttest performance in terms of pronoun and adjective from the control group. However, there was a significant difference between the pretest-posttest scores in the parts of speech as to noun, pronoun, adjective, adverb, preposition, and conjunction of the students in the experimental group. Conventional and game-based methods were both effective in teaching the parts of speech. Finally, there was a significant difference from the gained scores between the control and the experimental group in terms of learning adjective. Thus, learning noun, pronoun, adverb, preposition and conjunction, conventional method alone or application with games were equally effective. Hence, the students manifested creative and critical thinking skills.
Generative Artificial Intelligence and Assessment Task Design: Getting Back to Basics through the Lens of the AARDVARC Model
Authors:   Graduate School of Education, The University of Western Australia, Chapman Elaine , Zhao Jian , Sabet Peyman G. P.
Published: January 2025

Effective assessments guide student learning, refine teaching practices, ensure curriculum alignment, and foster workforce readiness. However, the emergence of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools, such as ChatGPT, has significantly disrupted traditional assessment processes, raising concerns about academic integrity and necessitating innovative approaches. While higher education institutions are making strides in adapting to this new reality, the foundation of effective assessment remains educators’ assessment literacy. This paper responds to the critical need for improving educators’ assessment literacy by introducing a comprehensive model – the ‘AARDVARC’ framework – that outlines eight key attributes of effective assessment: alignment, authenticity, reliability, developmental appropriateness, validity, accessibility, realism, and constructiveness. By fostering assessment literacy, educators can design innovative, equitable, and discipline-relevant assessments that incorporate GenAI responsibly and meaningfully. The paper further offers actionable recommendations for adapting university assessments to align with institutional goals and meet the evolving demands of the educational landscape. These strategies aim to ensure that assessments continue to promote student engagement, maintain academic standards, and reflect the realities of modern education.
Problématique des archives dans le milieu hospitalier dans la ville de Kananga
Authors: MINGA MBO-KWETE Mardochée
Published: January 2025

L’objectif général de cette étude est d’évaluer la tenue des archives des cas pathologiques suivis en milieu hospitalier dans la ville de Kananga en RDC. Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective des dossiers des patients suivis dans les différents services des hôpitaux de Kananga. Les résultats obtenus dénotent un manque les données des années 2015 à 2019 dans les différent services des structures de santé enquêtées. Ces lacunes sont les faits des archives mal conservées.
Analyse de la pollution des eaux des rivières traversant la ville de Kinshasa pendant la saison sèche
Authors: MULUMBA NKUADI Apollinaire , LUFULUABO KASUYI Jean , KATSHONGO MUSHINDUA Freddy , BEYA DIBUE Jean Pierre , OMANYONDO OHAMBE Marie Claire
Published: January 2025

L’objectif de la présente recherche est d'analyser les paramètres physicochimiques ; parasitologiques et bactériologiques des eaux de ces rivières traversant la ville de Kinshasa pendant la saison sèche en vue d’en déterminer le degré de la pollution. Pour les analyses physico-chimiques, nous avons prélevé un litre d'eau chaque fois dans les flacons en plastique (polyéthylène) nettoyés préalablement avec l'acide nitrique dilué avec de l'eau distillée et enfin avec de l'eau à analyser pour éviter toute contamination Pour les analyses bactériologiques, nous avons utilisé des bouteilles en verre avec bouchons rodés de 500 ml, stérilisés à 120°c pendant une heure et 20 minutes , bouché avec le papier aluminium pour la protection contre les rayons solaires et gardé à l'étuve à 100°C avant de les amener aux rivières précitées. Pour les rivières, les prélèvements ont été effectués au niveau des sites précipités à une profondeur de ± 20 cm au milieu de la rivière, en ayant bien pris soin de placer le goulot de la bouteille à contrecourant de vent. Les résultats obtenus montrent d'une manière générale, que la fréquence élevée des streptocoques fécaux, coliformes totaux et la présence remarquable des germes comme Entérobactérie et Protéus rettgérii dans ces rivières constituent ainsi un danger permanent pour les consommateurs.
Etude de la valorisation des graines de Pentaclethra macrophylla benth pour son huile
Authors: MWANAMOKI MBOKOSO Paola , KOKOLO TATI- DI - MAYEYI Clément , KABELE NGIEFU Christophe , TSHOMBE VAN
Published: January 2025

L’objectif de la présente étude est de déterminer la composition chimique des graines de Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth ainsi que de fractionner l’huile extraite de ces dernières en ses différents constituants. Les graines de Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth provenant de Kinshasa, de Mbandaka et de Mbanza Ngungu sont riches en lipides totaux (49,30 à 50,99%) suivi des protéines brutes (23,57 à 25,66%), de fibres alimentaires (8,33 à 9,45%) et des glucides assimilables (3,51 à 7,11%). Les huiles extraites ont l’indice d’acide comprise entre 8,84 et 12,15 mg, ne sont pas rances avec l’indice de peroxyde de 31,19 à 47,19 méq d’O2/Kg, sont semi – siccatives car leur indice d’iode se trouve entre 109,76 et 132,72 g et sont comestibles car l’indice de saponification s’étale de 180 à 190 mg et leur fractionnement a montré un profil chromatographique riche en lipides totaux et en triglycérides. Les acides gras révélés sont: l’acide laurique, l’acide palmitique, l’acide stéarique, l’acide oléique et l’acide linolénique. Les teneurs en cuivre, fer, manganèse, cobalt, calcium, potassium, plomb, arsenic et titane ont donné des valeurs qui variaient d’un échantillon à un autre, cette différence serait due aux types de sol de provenance.
Perception des épileptiques sur leur vécu socioéconomiques au sein de la société congolaise. Etude menée au Centre de Santé Mentale TELEMA du 04 juin au 04 juillet 2013
Authors: LUWALA KASISA Ami Jess , KIKALA KABUIKU Ferdinand , ALOMA AKPAY
Published: January 2025

L’épilepsie est une affection neurologique réelle avec des conséquences psychologiques lourdes sur le malade et la société. En effet, l’étude menée sur 142 patients observés au Centre de Santé Mentale TELEMA du 04 juin au 04 juillet 2013, rapporte que les malades qui font des crises d’épilepsies connaissent, tant sur le plan individuel, scolaire, conjugal, sportif, professionnel que sur le traitement reçu, des problèmes psychologiques dans leurs contacts avec les autres. Nous avons mené une enquête transversale descriptive auprès d’un échantillon de convenance de 142 unités statistiques. Les résultats obtenus de cette enquête rencontrent ceux des études antérieures mais n’ont pas la prétention d’être exhaustifs. Ils doivent être enrichis par d’autres études en élargissant l‘échantillon avec les malades traités dans d’autres centres.
PERAN KEPALA MADRASAH SEBAGAI EDUCATOR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU DI MBI AMANATUL UMMAH PACET MOJOKERTO
Authors: Ashari  , Zakariyah
Published: January 2025

The results of the study show 1) the role of the head of the madrasa as an educator advises and encourages teachers to improve professional competence through further education, workshops, seminars, upgrading and training. The madrasa head guides teachers, encourages teachers to improve their skills in science and technology and becomes a good role model for all madrasa residents; 2) Teacher professional competence at MBI Amanatul Ummah. The teacher understands his obligation to be a good teacher or not at all. Many teachers have been certified, then received many awards from within and from outside, and the last education of many teachers is S2 and S3; 3) The obstacles are the distance between the teacher's house and the madrasa, the many teacher activities, and limited time due to the dense student activities. Meanwhile, those who support madrasa heads facilitate transportation, activities related to increasing teacher professional competence. In general, smart students. As well as giving prizes to the best teachers.
IMPLIKASI HUKUM PUTUSAN PAILIT TERHADAP JABATAN NOTARIS DAN AKTA YANG DI BUATNYA (Studi Putusan Nomor 20/Pdt.Sus-Pkpu/2020/Pn Niaga Sby)
Authors: Narenggar Daranindra Pasca Archqueta
Published: January 2025

Article 9 paragraph (1) letter a of Law No. 30 of 2004 combined with Law No. 2 of 2014 regarding the functions of notaries when the notary is temporarily dismissed due to “bankruptcy proceedings or postponement "obligation" repayment, according to this regulation, for a notary who is in bankruptcy proceedings or has delayed payments, that notary  will only be temporarily suspended  until there is a court decision. permanent legal effect. This study addresses the legal situation of a notary who was temporarily suspended by the MPD due to  bankruptcy proceedings and the effect of the statute brought by the notary in bankruptcy proceedings. The research method used is normative research, using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a case approach, using secondary data that will be analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of this study are the legal status of notaries  temporarily suspended by the MPD due to  bankruptcy proceedings, unable to exercise their  notary rights, and the validity of documents drawn up by notaries during the process. Bankruptcy is not valid.
THE INFLUENCE OF TEACHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION (PPG) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PAI TEACHERS IN IMPROVING LEARNING METHODS AT SDN 1 PATALAN BANTUL
Authors: Laode Moh Tri Kurniawan , Edi Suherman  , Muhammad Hidayatu Rohman  , Agustin Anggraini  , Gesita Zahra Tirtia Pradana
Published: January 2025

The quality of a country's education is determined by the quality of its educators. Teachers who provide primary, secondary and early childhood education must have competencies and qualifications that are in accordance with national education standards. The Pre-Service Teacher Professional Education Program is an innovative program to prepare prospective certified teachers at SDN 1 Patalan Bantul. Educational requirements for teachers include a minimum of a bachelor's degree and must have educator certification obtained through an accredited program. After being certified by the Teacher Professional Education and Training Program, the entire certification process is carried out by Teacher Professional Education. This research uses a qualitative approach using library research methods to investigate how teacher training policies in Indonesia meet the needs of professional teachers
The Effect of the Picture and Picture Learning Model in Increasing Students' Interest in Learning at SMP Negeri 1 Langsa
Authors: Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi , Rambe Saparuddin , Nuraini Nuraini
Published: January 2025

The picture and picture learning model uses pictures and is paired or ordered into a logical order. This learning model relies on images, the main factor in the learning process. In the learning process in grade VIII, some students are not enthusiastic about participating in learning. This happens because of several things, namely the use of learning models. The use of the learning model is very important. This is where the right learning model is needed so that learning can run effectively and attract students' interest so that they can achieve optimal learning interest. Therefore, this study examines the influence of the picture and picture learning model in increasing students' interest in Islamic Religious Education subjects. This study used quantitative research on the experimental design in the experimental and control classes. The research instruments used are tests, questionnaires, and documentation. The results of the study on the effect of the use of the picture and picture learning model on students' learning interest were obtained as the average score of students' learning interest in the experimental class with a total of 25 students was 63.82, and in the control class with a total of 25 students was 56.56. Based on the hypothesis test of the student's learning interest in the experimental and control classes, the tcount > ttable was 7.094 >2.009, and the significant value was 0.00 < 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that using the picture and picture learning model significantly influences students' interest in PAI subjects at SMP Negeri 1 Langsa, so the data contributes well. In this study, the picture and picture learning model can increase students' interest in learning and achieve the desired learning outcomes. In the interactive learning process, students are invited to actively ask and answer questions with friends and teachers to achieve the desired learning interest using this learning model
Islamic Educational Values in the Bedikekh Culture of the Liwa Community of West Lampung
Authors: Elfira Sari  , Syafei Imam , Hijriyah Umi , Baharudin Baharudin , Asyha Agus Faisal
Published: January 2025

The values ​​of Islamic education are everything in which there are positive elements that are beneficial for humans to develop human knowledge and insight both in the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains so that they can develop optimally in accordance with Islamic teachings in the form of norms and rules contained in Islamic education, such as morals, faith and worship. Bedikekh culture is a custom that developed among the Lampung Saibatin community, namely an art in the form of chanting poetry of praise to Allah taken from the book of barzanji accompanied by musical drums together. In this case, the researcher wants to know the values ​​of Islamic education contained in the bedikekh culture of the Liwa people of West Lampung, which aims to see whether this bedikekh culture is in line with Islamic teachings or deviates from Islamic teachings and provides an understanding of the procession and meaning of bedikekh culture. Researchers try to find the realm of Islamic educational values ​​in bedikekh culture. This research uses qualitative research methods. The data was obtained using several data collection techniques, including interviews, observation and documentation. Then, after the data was collected, the researcher analyzed it by reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions from the data. Furthermore, the validity of the data in this research uses source, time and model triangulation techniques. This research shows Islamic educational values ​​in the bedikekh culture of the Liwa people of West Lampung. The educational values ​​instilled indirectly are in the form of good morals, such as respecting each other/respecting/not being selfish, polite, helpful, patient, trustworthy and disciplined. The attitude of the members of the bedikekh participants is to follow these morals. This research also explains the supporting and inhibiting factors for bedikekh practice so that readers can better understand what bedikekh culture is
The Relationship between Restorative and Consensual Procedures
Authors: Csák Zsolt , Czebe András
Published: January 2025

The paper shows how restorative justice fts in with consensual procedures satisfed with procedural justice based on confession of guilt. In our view, the protection of the interests of victims, the establishment of truthful facts and the enforcement of social justice are all objectives that must guide the legislation and the application of law in the 21st century. Although the Hungarian Code of Criminal Procedure has considerably broadened the combinability of consensual procedures, the dangers of the eclipse of material justice cannot be ignored. More specifcally, the contradiction that the more effective restorative justice is, the more pressure is put on the defendant to participate in it, trading the possibility of total victory for the certainty of avoiding total defeat. And although the institutions of the plea agreement and the confession in the preparatory session may compete with the mediation procedure, the latter is the one that can provide the most complete reparation for the victim.
ChatGPT and the World of Education: Visualization of Publications
Authors: Sós Eszter
Published: January 2025

The emergence of ChatGPT has brought signifcant challenges in the feld of education. The use of ChatGPT for assignments among students spread in no time, which was something that educators were not prepared for. For this reason, the focus has been on learning about the use of ChatGPT from the student side, since in order to detect its use, it is necessary to be aware of the areas and methods of its use and to know the dangers of its use. The large number of studies on this topic suggests that there is interest among educators in the use of ChatGPT in education. The number of publications can be used to show the pace at which the number of papers on ChatGPT and education is growing in the academic world. Furthermore, it would point out that while the use of ChatGPT can be benefcial in many areas, there are some areas where human thinking is essential.
The History of the Hungarian Media Regulation and Its Political Narratives during the Political Regime Change (1989-1996)
Authors: Orosz Tímea
Published: January 2025

I have chosen the systemic changes, which took place within the system of the Hungarian electronic media as the topic of my doctoral dissertation. This change was not only a signifcant point of controversy of the frst two parliamentary cycles, but straight after the frst elections it accurately refected the basic lines of division manifest in the Hungarian political space. Studying the basic differences between the bills submitted during the Antall government and the Horn government and how much the ideological divide between the prevailing governing parties became apparent are not devoid of interest either. It is important to keep track of how the positions of the different parties changed in relation to the Media Act, depending on whether they were on the government or the opposition side of the negotiating table, also how the standpoints of the smaller opposition parties changed, as well as that of SZDSZ, which went through a signifcant political turnaround, since the role and hardly overrated infuence of the free democratic politicians on the process of the elaboration of the law and shaping the political arguments are hardly debatable. The thesis pays special attention to the concept of public service, which was fnally successfully created only by Act I of 1996, although the makers of earlier bills had also been concerned about the issue.
Smart Contracts: A Comprehensive Analysis of Vulnerabilities and European Measures
Authors: Hibatallah Loukil
Published: January 2025

Smart Contracts form a predominant tool for today's operations, and it is existing in practically all felds like health, banking, investments etc. It is an alternative that matches the rapidity, and the easiness required by the new era. But legal adjustments are needed to preserve the rights and confront the challenges that come with it.
The Evolution of Colonial Legal Regulations in 19th Century Dutch East Indies Classical Literary Texts
Authors: Fitriany Aulia , Wahdatur Rike Uyunul Mukarromah  , Wibowo Satrio , Sudrajad Wahyu , Handayani Tuti
Published: January 2025

This study explores the representation of colonial law in 19th-century literary texts, examining how these works reflect and critique the colonial legal system. Using a qualitative approach with content analysis, the research focuses on how colonial law influenced various aspects of indigenous life, including social, cultural, and economic spheres. The study identifies key themes such as colonial law as a tool of oppression, resistance against colonial law, social stratification reinforced by colonial law, and law as a symbol of colonial power. Through literary works like "Hikayat Siti Mariah," "Hikayat Abdullah," and "Syair Perang Mengkasar," the study reveals how these texts serve as both a mirror and critique of colonial legal practices. By analyzing these narratives, the research highlights the role of literature as a social and legal archive, offering alternative perspectives to the official colonial narrative. The study also examines how literary texts document resistance and contribute to an ongoing critique of colonial law, remaining relevant for understanding postcolonial legal dynamics
The Use Of Legal Morals To Prevent Women's Violence In The Educatory Environment
Authors: Arif Alvia Zuman Zauza , Rafid Rahmad , Ali Moh , Rahmawati Alfi Mufida , Rizki Muhammad , Kumala Milka
Published: January 2025

Violence against women in the educational environment is a worrying issue because it has a direct impact on human rights, psychological development, and the sustainability of victims ' education. This study aims to analyze the application of moral law as a strategic approach in tackling violence against women in educational institutions. Using the juridical-sociological method, this study examines the relevance of applicable legal norms, such as Law Number 12 of 2022 on sexual violence crimes, with the application of legal moral values in the field. The results show that legal morality plays an important role in encouraging stakeholders to not only abide by the rules, but also internalize the values of justice, respect for human dignity, and protection of victims. The findings also revealed the existence of obstacles in the implementation of moral law, such as lack of legal awareness, lack of supervision, as well as structural barriers in the handling of cases of violence. Therefore, collaboration between educational institutions, governments, and communities is necessary to create a safe and inclusive educational environment. This study recommends the establishment of a special team in the educational environment that serves as a supervisor and facilitator of the application of legal morals, morality training for educators, as well as the provision of assistance services for victims. With effective implementation, moral law can be a strategic foundation to reduce the number of violence against women and realize equality in the educational environment
Analysis of the Age Limit for Regional Head Candidates in Supreme Court Decision Number 23P / HUM / 2024 Perspective of Gustav Radbruch's Legal Certainty Theory
Authors: Nurrahmah Fitriyah Nurrahmah , Rukmono Indra , Dores Dedi , Prayitna Reza Dipta
Published: January 2025

The Supreme Court through decision number 23P/HUM/2024 gave birth to a new provision regarding the age limit of regional head candidates calculated at the inauguration stage, not at the time of determining the candidate pair. This provision has caused polemics among the public because if it is calculated from the inauguration how the KPU and the organizers have difficulty verifying the qualifications of the minimum age limit of the regional head candidates and whether it fulfills the aspects of legal certainty when viewed from the ideas of Gustav Radbruch. This research uses normative research with a case approach model. Gustav Radbruch interpreted legal certainty with 4 indicators, namely (1) law is a positive thing (legislation); (2) law is based on facts; (3) legal facts must be formulated in a clear way (avoiding misinterpretation and easy to implement); and (4) positive law is not easily changed. Supreme Court Decision Number 23P/HUM/2024 when examined from the four indicators initiated by Gustav Radbruch shows legal uncertainty.
Compliance of Spectacles among Schools Children in Urban Slums of Pakistan
Authors: Itfaq Khaliq Khan
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study aimed to investigate compliance with spectacles wear and reasons for non-compliance with spectacle wear among school-aged children in urban areas in Pakistan.
Study design: Cross-sectional quantitative survey.
Duration and Settings of Study: The study was carried out in selected schools where schools screening project were supported by Sight Savers International (SSI), an International non-government organization. Spectacles were dispensed to children with uncorrected refractive errors free of cost. A list of schools, where screening was conducted from June 2014 to May 2015, was obtained from the project database.
Methods: In this study, 117 schools were randomly selected from the database of schools screening project supported by SSl. Out of 2245 potential participants for the study, 1525 children participated. A pre-designed validated questionnaire was used to assess compliance with spectacles and reasons for non-compliance. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate compliance with spectacles. Factors associated with compliance and reasons for noncompliance were evaluated. Chi-square test for independence was applied to assess the significance of differences.
Results: Compliance with spectacles was 56.9 %. Compliance was significantly associated with gender (p=0.000). It was also associated with school type and age but relationship was not statistically significant. Factors associated with non-compliance with spectacles wear include breakage, spectacles loss, poor financial conditions, cosmetic reasons, social stigma and inappropriate corrections.
Conclusions: The compliance of spectacles is low amongst children in urban slums of Pakistan. School screening programs need to devise a robust follow-up mechanism within school screening programs to improve the compliance with spectacles.
MicroPulse Transscleral Diode: An Effective Non-Surgical Treatment Alternate for Glaucoma
Authors: Mohammad Afzal Bodla  , Maria Afzal Bodla  , Nalain Syedah  , Syed Imtiaz Ali
Published: January 2025

Aim: To determine the efficacy and safety of MicroPulse transscleral laser therapy (MP-TLT) in different types of glaucoma.
Study design: Interventional case series.
Duration and Settings of the study: This study was conducted from October 2022 to May 2023 at Bodla Eye Care, Multan, Pakistan.
Methods: Patients with various types of glaucoma, such as open-angle glaucoma, closed-angle glaucoma, neovascular glaucoma, and pseudophakia glaucoma, with varying degrees of severity from mild to severe, were recruited. Pre- and post-treatment records included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and number of glaucoma drugs taken. Records were kept on the number of therapy sessions, success rates, and postoperative complications. The follow-up records were recorded from October 2022 to June 2023.
Results: Twenty eyes from 20 patients were included in the final analysis. Fourteen (70%) patients were males and their ages ranged from to 20-65 years in the study group. The average IOP reduction rate was 43 % at 12 weeks of follow, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). MP-TLT is partially effective in patients with closed-angle glaucoma. In 4 of 15 patients, posterior uveitis developed in 3rd week which resolved with the use of topical and systemic steroids in the 5th week.
Conclusion: MicroPulse TLT is safe and effective for lowering IOP in a variety of glaucoma types with different severities. MicroPulse TLT had a lower complication rate.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Cataract Surgeries in the Community and Referral Hospitals in Bali
Authors: Angelo  , Ni Made Ari Suryathi  , Ni Made Suryanadi
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the rate of cataract surgeries in the community and referral hospitals.
Study Design: Cross-sectional mixed-methods research.
Duration and Settings of the Study: Three months, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.
Methods: The data for this study was obtained from a secondary source of cataract surgery data in Bali during the pandemic era. Data was also collected using a qualitative method through interviews with health practitioners and policymakers. Apart from that, a literature search was also carried out. The analysis of quantitative data was done using SPSS version 20. Thematic analysis was undertaken on the interview responses obtained from participants.
Results: The cataract surgical rate (CSR) was significantly lower in 2020 (CSR = 586) during the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to 2015 (CSR = 1,624) (p = 0.00). Better screening systems, patient selection, lowering exposure time, and isolation were strategies for preoperative cataract patients. The use of povidone-iodine eye drops, smaller phaco tip sizes, and restricted surgery personnel were used for intraoperative strategies. Selective postoperative patients and telemedicine were also used to minimize exposure to COVID-19. In this period, priority was given to the safety of healthcare providers as well as patients.
Conclusion(s): There is no denying that a greater backlog of cataract surgeries has resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic. However, good cooperation between patients, healthcare providers, and policymakers was observed to face this challenge.
Effect of Smartphone use on Convergence among Undergraduate Students
Authors: Sania Abdul Jalil  , Komal Yaseen
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of smartphone usage on convergence among undergraduate students.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Duration and Setting of the Study: This study was conducted from July 2019 to December 2019 at Pakistan Institute of Community Ophthalmology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar.
Methods: A non-probability sampling technique was used to include students. The subjects were taken as per the inclusion criteria. Visual acuity was recorded with log MAR at 4 meters, and retinoscopy was performed to rule out refractive error in the subjects. The researcher asked the questions given in the structured questionnaire and recorded the responses. The near point of convergence was determined with the help of the RAF ruler. The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) questionnaire was used to record the convergence insufficiency score.
Results: A total of 100 students participated, in which 49% were male and 51% were female. The use of Android smartphones was more (82%) than iOS (16%) and others (2%). Most of the subjects used smartphones during the night (54%). It also showed that hours spent on smartphones were interrupted (70%). Smartphone users used their smartphones with dull screens (62%). The near point of convergence was 5cm in (63%). CISS score was noted (>21) was noted in (73%) of students. There was a strong correlation between near point of convergence and CISS scores (p=0.000), with significant associations between smartphone usage patterns and convergence issues (p=0.02).
Conclusion: In this study it is concluded that those subjects whose usage of mobile was more than 4 hours had an excess of convergence along with worse symptoms. CISS scores indicated a high prevalence of symptoms, particularly among those with poor near point of convergence (NPC).
An Exploration of Strategies in Social Interaction Intervention for Children with Autism under the Concept of Inclusive Education
Authors: Xue Lifan
Published: January 2025

The concept of inclusive education advocates the inclusion of all children, including those with special needs, in the mainstream education system so that they can enjoy equal learning opportunities. Children with autism have severe impairments in social interaction that affect their learning, life and psychological development. This paper discusses a number of inclusive education intervention strategies for children in peer groups that complement the concept of special education. These strategies include peer support, individualized interventions, environmental modifications, and home-school collaboration. This paper found that these intervention strategies were successful in impacting the social interaction skills of children with autism.
Nanocarrier-Mediated PROTAC Delivery for Targeted Oncogenic Protein Degradation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Velisetti Venkata Rama Krishna Chaitanya  , Debasish Ghosh
Published: January 2025

anocarriers have shown great potential in the targeted degradation of oncogenic proteins in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), offering a promising approach in cancer treatment. PROTACs (Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras) are small molecules designed to degrade specific proteins that are overexpressed or mutated in TNBC. By using nanocarriers such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and dendrimers, PROTACs can be delivered more effectively to cancer cells, reducing toxicity to healthy cells and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. While research has demonstrated the promise of this strategy, further studies are needed to optimize PROTAC delivery systems and assess their long-term safety and effectiveness in clinical settings. This review outlines recent advances in nanocarrier-based PROTAC delivery for TNBC and discusses future directions in this evolving field.
Unveiling the untapped potential of Hibiscus Rosa-sinensis lignocellulosicfiber: A multifaceted characterization for advancing sustainablebiocomposite applications
Authors: Miriyabelli Harinisree  , Ginni Deepti
Published: January 2025

Cancer, the second leading cause of death globally, results in approximately 7.4 million deaths each year.Despite the availability of treatments like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, new therapies are needed. Phenazines, aromatic compounds first isolated in 1859, have led to the development of over 6,000 derivatives with various pharmacological activities, including cytotoxic effects against cancer. Notable examples include compounds like XR11576 and NC-190, which are undergoing clinical trials. Dermacozines, a group of marine-derived phenazine compounds from Dermacoccus abyssi, exhibit promising biological activities, including cytotoxicity and free radical scavenging. In particular, dermacozineA (DA) has shown potential antiangiogenic activity, which could inhibit tumor growth by preventing new blood vessel formation. This study examines the antiangiogenic effects of DA using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
Exploring the Nexus between European Competition Law and Democratic Society: A Case of Political Microtargeting
Authors:   University of Amsterdam, Morozovaite Viktorija , Gerbrandy Anna ,   Utrecht University
Published: January 2025

The nexus between European competition law and democracy has been widely researched. Against the background of the ongoing digital transition and the power of big technology companies, this contribution aims to advance the debate by focusing on a specific example of political microtargeting and its effects on the (digital) public sphere. It explores the potential role of European competition law in ameliorating these emergent harms. The argument is developed by showing that the role of big technology companies in political microtargeting processes extends beyond passive facilitators. By following financial incentives and treating citizens as consumers, these companies, in effect, reduce incommensurable democratic values to fit economic metrics. Although European competition law has traditionally played a limited role in addressing political microtargeting challenges, there may be instances where the special responsibility of powerful private entities should extend to mitigating market-induced harms to democracy.
Digital Markets Act and Competition Law: Is There an Issue of ne bis in idem?
Authors:   Olomouc, Faculty of Law, Petr Michal
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the importance of digital markets has grown rapidly. Any distortions in these markets had to be remedied by competition law, notwithstanding the fact that competition law was found in numerous studies not to be entirely up to this task. Several countries across the globe have adopted specific national legislation regulating these markets. In 2023, the European Union itself brought into effect the Digital Markets Act. The question is, to what extent is competition law, as well as specific regulations of the digital markets, applicable in parallel with the Digital Markets Act? The Court of Justice has recently clarified the rules on parallel proceedings in the bpost judgment; are the Court’s conclusions applicable to the Digital Markets Act as well? It is argued in this article that competition law may, in principle, be applied in line with the Digital Markets Act, but further legislative changes would be necessary in case of other pieces of legislation.
Press publishers’ right and competition law. Case comment on the French Competition Authority’s decisions against Google
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Kowala Michalina , Malaga Miłosz ,   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
Published: January 2025

This case comment discusses a set of decisions issued by the Autorité de la concurrence (the French Competition Authority, FCA) regarding Google’s conduct vis-à-vis press publishers. The analysis concerns Google’s refusal to respect its obligations, resulting from the Digital Single Market Directive of in 2019, regarding the press publishers’ exclusive right concerning the online use of their press publications, as well as its further implications. Moreover, it involves also systemic observations and broader market context. The objective of this case comment is to discuss the FCA’s decisions, and more broadly, to identify further systemic consequences these decisions may bring for EU competition law. In this broader context, we discuss and comment on the effectiveness of the discussed rights of press publishers, the adequacy of competition law to address their potential ineffectiveness, the policy choices made by the FCA when deciding on which types of enforcement decision to use, the new developments the decisions of the FCA may bring to the debate regarding the intersection between competition law and intellectual property rights IPRs), and the decisions’ contribution to the discussion regarding the inclusion of so-called non-economic concerns (such as media pluralism) in the application of competition law and competitive assessment. The choice of the commented decisions is justified by their topicality and importance from the market perspective.
Les besoins des groupes francophones en contexte minoritaire en matière de recherche en immigration francophone1
Authors: Cardinal Linda , Deschênes-Thériault Guillaume , Cyr Lori-Ann
Published: January 2025

Les besoins de recherche des groupes francophones offrant des services directs ou indirects en immigration sont peu étudiés et connus. Le texte présente les résultats d’un sondage sur le sujet réalisé pour l’Observatoire en immigration francophone au Canada en 2024. Les données montrent que la majorité des organismes utilise des données de recherche pour mettre en place de nouveaux services, organiser de nouvelles activités, adapter l’offre de services et d’activités existantes et élaborer leur planification stratégique. Les résultats révèlent aussi que près de la moitié des répondants ont des priorités de recherche dans leurs plans stratégiques ou plans d’action. Ces priorités portent sur l’ensemble du continuum en immigration, incluant les étapes du recrutement et de la sélection ainsi que la rétention. Cependant, les deux tiers des répondants considèrent les données de recherche comme étant peu accessibles ou pas du tout accessibles. Les données révèlent ainsi l’existence de défis majeurs en matière de rayonnement et de diffusion des connaissances en immigration francophone auprès des milieux communautaires. Ainsi, le sondage permet de confirmer l’importance de mieux comprendre les besoins de recherche en immigration francophone des groupes travaillant dans ce secteur afin de leur permettre de faire avancer leurs dossiers.
Closing up Shop: Exploring Media Coverage of Plant Closures in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Arku Robert Nutifafa , Sutton Jesse
Published: January 2025

The ongoing issue of plant closures is a significant concern for advanced economies. Consequently, there is a need to update our understanding of plant closures to align with present-day socioeconomic contexts. This paper examines the causes and impacts of plant closures across various contexts in Ontario, Canada, using a media analysis approach. Specifically, 1,157 news articles from 2000 to 2019 are analyzed to gain insights into plant closures in the province. Utilizing media coverage as a novel and robust data source, this study offers a regional perspective on the causes and impacts of plant closures. The identified causes of plant closures include market forces, corporate factors, endogenous factors, economic crises, and globalization. These causes have effects at multiple levels, ranging from the individual to regional.
Reimaginando espacios educativos: Comparación de patios de educación infantil y cómo enfocarlos hacia una visión coeducadora.
Authors: Campos Molina Selene , Pérez-Ledo Pau , Lázaro Haba Belén
Published: January 2025

Este artículo de investigación se centra en el análisis del patio de Educación Infantil como un espacio educativo clave para el desarrollo integral y del aprendizaje. A través del estudio de dos patios en diferentes centros escolares, se busca identificar elementos que favorezcan o limiten el juego y la exploración de los menores. El interés por este tema surge de experiencias propias en centros educativos, reconociendo la gran importancia de mejorar la calidad educativa de los patios. Se realizará por tanto una investigación exhaustiva, incluyendo tanto entrevistas a docentes, como actividades con alumnos de 5 años, con el fin de definir así lo que considerarían un patio escolar ideal. El objetivo es demostrar los beneficios de este espacio en el desarrollo de los niños y abogar por su importancia como un lugar de libertad y exploración. Mediante un enfoque interdisciplinario, se explorarán diversas estrategias para crear patios coeducativos inclusivos y estimulantes.
El aula de música como ambiente de aprendizaje innovador
Authors: Malinverni Bruno
Published: January 2025

Resumen El presente artículo indaga el rol que juegan el espacio y el ambiente en las aulas de música de las instituciones educativas haciendo foco en las características que debería presentar un ambiente de aprendizaje innovador. Presentando una grilla de observación y su aplicación en un caso, el resultado del análisis puede convertirse en una herramienta útil que ayude a evaluar si el estado en que se encuentra el aula de música configura o no, en mayor o menor medida, un ambiente de aprendizaje innovador. Se propone invitar a la reflexión a docentes, autoridades pedagógicas y posiciones gerenciales de los establecimientos educativos acerca de qué desafíos proponerse como escuela innovadora.
Reseña de la Tercera Escuela de Verano AIHUB: Inteligencia Artificial y Educación
Authors: Lemus Lissette
Published: January 2025

La Escuela de verano AIHUB no es una escuela al uso, ésta es un espacio de aprendizaje, reflexión y conexión para abordar los desafíos y oportunidades de la IA en el ámbito educativo. La escuela busca, ir más allá de la capacitación técnica, para promover una comprensión profunda de cómo integrar la IA en la educación de manera ética y responsable, acordar un enfoque pedagógico que permita a los docentes aprovechar las ventajas de la IA sin perder de vista la humanidad de la enseñanza., y desarrollar canales de reflexión e investigación conjunta entre profesores e investigadores en IA.
De la Educación Humana en la era de la Inteligencia Artificial
Authors: Isusi-Fagoaga Rosa , García-Aracil Adela
Published: January 2025

Presentación del número 8 de la revista CEIR (2024)
Etnobotánica: ciencia de proximidad para la educación científica en la enseñanza secundaria
Authors: Gutiérrez-García Lorena , Blanco-Salas José , Sánchez-Martín Jesús , Corbacho-Cuello Isaac
Published: January 2025

En este estudio se integran contenidos de etnobotánica (entendida como el acervo cultural endémico y los conocimientos tradicionales en materia de plantas) en el currículo de Biología y Geología de 1º de ESO para facilitar un aprendizaje significativo. Se presenta el diseño de la intervención, su desarrollo con metodología expositiva y el diseño y aplicación de herramientas de análisis y evaluación. Se utilizó análisis estadístico no paramétrico para evaluar el aprendizaje cognitivo y las actitudes hacia la sostenibilidad, la ciencia y su aprendizaje. Los/las estudiantes mostraron mejoras significativas en el aprendizaje y la conciencia sostenible, confirmando la eficacia de incorporar conocimientos tradicionales en el currículo para potenciar el aprendizaje científico y la conciencia de sostenibilidad, en línea con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.
Errores en el uso de las preposiciones por y para en la expresión escrita del nivel B1 por aprendientes griegos de ELE
Authors: Rammou Eirini
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación se engloba dentro de la Lingüística Aplicada, centrada en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de ELE. Sigue lo postulado en el Análisis de Errores. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los errores frecuentes producidos en el uso de las preposiciones por y para en un corpus constituido por producciones de expresión escrita de aprendices griegos de ELE del nivel B1 (MCER). Estas preposiciones suelen causar dificultades a los aprendices de ELE. Asimismo se ofrece la causa del origen de los errores, indagando en las estrategias y mecanismos psicolingüísticos. Se hace uso de tres criterios para el análisis, del lingüístico o gramatical, descriptivo y etiológico. Se sigue la investigación cuantitativa. Además se incluye tratamiento pedagógico. Los resultados, las conclusiones y las propuestas didácticas, contribuyen a la prevención y eliminación de los errores, así como a la optimización del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de ELE.
El español y la enseñanza de su cultura: Interrogantes desde la competencia comunicativa intercultural
Authors: García Fernández María , Sánchez Morillas Carmen María
Published: January 2025

En el siguiente texto intentaremos abordar algunos interrogantes que surgen desde la enseñanza del español como L2/LE y su cultura a raíz del planteamiento globalizador que se extrae de políticas educativas europeas. El objetivo general es arrojar nuevas perspectivas de enseñanza, o puntos de partida, para el profesorado de idiomas, no solo de español, sino de otras lenguas extranjeras que en el aula han de abordar contenidos de tipo cultural.
Premessa al Dossier 1824-2024: le Operette morali due secoli dopo
Authors: Coriasso Martín-Posadillo Cristina Isabel , Fasolino Ruben Carmine
Published: January 2025

Premessa dei curatori al dossier monografico dedicato alle Operette morali di Giacomo Leopardi.