bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una aproximación metodológica para la caracterización espacial de las áreas verdes publicas del distrito de La Molina, Lima
Authors: Peña G. Víctor
Published: April 2024

El presente estudio examina las características de dimensión, forma y distribución de los fragmentos correspondientes a las áreas verdes de carácter público del distrito de La Molina. En este sentido el estudio busca explicar la situación presente a fin de proponer pautas para el planeamiento y manejo de estas áreas con fines de mejoramiento de la calidad ambiental en la zona urbana. En el presente estudio se propone una metodología para la caracterización espacial del conjunto de áreas verdes de uso público, en el distrito de La Molina, presentando resultados cuantificables de su composición y configuración. En el distrito de La Molina el proceso de urbanización ha resultado en la fragmentación de los espacios verdes de uso público, dispersos dentro de la matriz urbana. Las preguntas que el presente estudio intenta responder son: ¿Cómo están distribuidas las áreas verdes públicos en La Molina? y ¿existe un patrón en la forma y distribución de estos espacios verdes?. El conjunto de polígonos, que representan a los espacios verdes públicos, fueron procesados utilizando la extensión Patch Analist 2.2 (Rempel et al., 1998) para el programa ArcView GIS 3.3 (ESRI, 2002). Este proceso permitió hallar índices para el análisis de la fragmentación o dispersión de cada fragmento. Las áreas verdes publicas identificadas fueron 91 fragmentos, cuyos tamaños varían entre 0.04 Ha. y 2.85 Ha. con una mediana de 0.57 Ha. La curva de Lorenz muestra una distribución casi proporcional del área total entre los diferentes fragmentos, muy cercana a la distribución ideal del área total entre cada fragmento por partes iguales; el coeficiente de Gini (G=0.353) confirma la mencionada homogeneidad en la distribución. Los resultados, correspondientes al análisis en toda la superficie de La Molina, revelaron fragmentación de los espacios y dispersión a escala del territorio distrital. La densidad de fragmentos en el Distrito es de 1.9 fragmentos por cada 100 hectáreas de la matriz urbana. Este valor es menor comparado al valor de densidad para el sector de Camacho-Sta. Patricia (donde se reconoció visualmente una aglomeración de polígonos): 6.6 fragmentos por cada 100 hectáreas. En este sector los tamaños de los fragmentos varían desde 0.09 Ha hasta 1.96 Ha, siendo la mediana de 0.62 Ha. En las condiciones actuales, las áreas verdes remanentes son el conjunto de fragmentos que deberán acoger el funcionamiento de los procesos naturales dentro de la ciudad. La viabilidad y sostenibilidad de las intervenciones, orientadas a conservar y recuperar los espacios verdes y la biodiversidad, deberán ser evaluadas a través de análisis espacial del conjunto de fragmentos. El presente estudio explora las capacidades y ventajas de las herramientas de análisis espacial; y tanto los índices como los resultados se estudian en el marco de la ecología del paisaje tomando énfasis en el concepto de fragmentación para explicar lo observado en el estudio.
Predicción de caudales medios mensuales del Río Huancané utilizando Modelos de Redes Neuronales
Authors: Sánchez D. Miguel , Laqui V. Wilber
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación centró sus esfuerzos en la predicción de caudales medios mensuales del río Huancané, desarrollo de modelos de redes neuronales a partir de datos de caudales, precipitación y evaporación, así como la evaluación de la capacidad de desempeño frente a modelos estocásticos. De esta manera, se desarrollaron 10 modelos de redes neuronales artificiales con distintas arquitecturas, cuyo entrenamiento se realizó con un primer grupo de datos correspondientes al periodo 1964 – 1996, y su validación con un segundo grupo de datos del periodo 1997 – 2002. Los modelos de redes neuronales artificiales mostraron comparativamente mejor desempeño en materia de predicción frente a un modelo autorregresivo periódico de primer orden PAR (1).
Los tiburones de arriba y las anchovetas de abajo, la sobreexplotación de un recurso renovable
Authors: Ortiz S. Álvaro
Published: April 2024

En Las razones del colapso de la industria pesquera y de la fabricación de harina de pescado en el Perú son aún controversiales. El Fenómeno de El Niño y la nula regulación de la industria son las principales causas del colapso de la pesca de anchoveta y por ende de la fabricación de harina de pescado en el Perú en la década del setenta. La sobrepesca (la pesca máxima sostenible fue de 9.5 millones de toneladas métricas de anchoveta) y la sobre capitalización, es decir, el descalabro de la pesquería, podrían haber sido evitadas si la industria hubiese sido adecuadamente gestionada mediante las cuotas individuales transferibles.
Evidencia empírica de la influencia de los Términos de Intercambio y las Reservas Internacionales Netas en el tipo de Cambio Real del Perú. Período 1950-2006
Authors: Navarro A. Oscar
Published: April 2024

El comportamiento de la Tasa de Cambio Real en el Perú durante 1950-2006 se explica por la necesidad de mantener la competitividad de nuestras exportaciones y de disponer divisas adecuadas para garantizar un nivel aceptable de Importaciones. Por tanto, la Tasa de Cambio Real presenta relación inversa con los Términos de Intercambio y las Reservas Internacionales Netas. Por lo que ante la disminución de los Términos de Intercambio, que propicia la disminución de las Reservas Internacionales Netas, se decidía el incremento de la Tasa de Cambio Nominal, propiciando el incremento de la Tasa de Cambio Real, esto último para incentivar las Exportaciones y desalentar las Importaciones. Esta relación ha sido evidente en todos los regimenes cambiarios que ha tenido el Perú. Se han usado datos anuales y el Filtro de Hodrick-Prescott para determinar los componentes cíclicos de las series.
Optimización del nivel de sustitución de tejido graso de cerdo por inulina en la formulación de un paté bajo en grasa
Authors: Salazar Del Carpio Luis , Elias P. Carlos , Salva R. Bettit
Published: April 2024

El Método de Diseños de Mezclas fue aplicado para determinar el porcentaje óptimo de sustitución de tejido graso de cerdo por inulina, para obtener un producto semejante a un paté comercial (PC). Se realizaron evaluaciones fisicoquímicas, sensoriales y de costo de producción. Los ingredientes principales fueron: Solución Acuosa de Inulina al 33,3% p/p, (SAI), Tejido Graso de Cerdo (TGC) e Hígado de Cerdo (HC). Se aplicó un Diseño Axial de Mezclas con restricciones, estableciéndose la composición de la formulación óptima de paté (PO): 62% de SAI, 25% de TGC y 13% de HC. Esto significa el reemplazo del 55,20% de TGC con SAI. El PO tuvo un contenido calórico de 190,25 kcal/100g, 99,59% de estabilidad de pasta cruda, 7,15 puntos de nivel de agrado (sobre una escala de 10 puntos) y un costo de producción de 2,23 Nuevos Soles/100g de paté.($1 = 3,5 Nuevos Soles). El análisis proximal del PO estableció un contenido graso de 14,73% (50,55% menos que PC) y un contenido de inulina de 17,80%.
Evaluación de la conservación de leche cruda en distintas regiones del Perú, mediante la activación del Sistema Lactoperoxidasa
Authors: Albujar C. Roberto , Ludeña U. Fanny , Castillo S. Liliana
Published: April 2024

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivos determinar el tiempo máximo de conservación de leche cruda mediante la activación del Sistema Lactoperoxidasa (LPS) de diferentes establos de tres departamentos de alta producción lechera del Perú (Lima, Arequipa y San Martín), basándose en los límites de la Norma Técnica Peruana 202.001 para leche cruda, referentes a las características fisicoquímicas (pH y acidez láctica) y microbiológicas (tiempo de reducción del azul de metileno, recuento de coliformes totales y recuento de bacterias aerobias mesófilas viables). Las muestras de leche de los establos seleccionados en cada zona fueron clasificadas según el recuento inicial de microrganismos clasificándolos en leche tipo A (recuento de bacterias aerobias mesófilas viables menor a 30x104 ufc/ml), tipo B (recuento de bacterias aerobias mesófilas viables mayor a 30x104 ufc/ml. Los tiempos máximos de conservación de las muestras de leche provenientes de la zona de Arequipa (temperatura ambiente entre 15 y 20 °C), Lima (temperatura ambiente entre 20 y 25 °C) y San Martín (temperatura ambiente entre 28 y 30 °C) tuvieron diferencias altamente significativas. En la zona de Arequipa se obtuvo los mayores tiempos de conservación (4.80 horas) independiente del tratamiento seguido de Lima (3.13 horas) y finalmente San Martín (0.20 horas). Con el tratamiento los tiempos de conservación fueron para Arequipa 9.89 horas, para Lima 5.03 horas y para San Martín 1.41 horas. Se realizó una evaluación en leche refrigerada proveniente de ordeño mecánico en Lima y Arequipa, el tiempo de conservación de las muestras control osciló entre 38.23 (Lima) y 28.73 (Arequipa) horas a diferencia de la leche tratada que fue entre 65.00 horas (Lima) y 47.95 horas (Arequipa). Se realizó la evaluación de leche conservada con la activación del LPS mantenida a temperatura ambiente y refrigeración en la elaboración de yogurt batido y queso fresco en la zona de Lima para determinar si existían diferencias significativas en el producto final. En el yogurt se evaluó en la etapa de fermentación y en almacenamiento. En la etapa de fermentación se evaluaron las características de acidez láctica y pH. Los resultados en estas características no presentaron diferencias significativas entre las muestras con tratamiento y las testigos. Igualmente, en la etapa de almacenamiento al evaluarse las características de acidez láctica, pH, recuento de mohos y levaduras no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las muestras tratadas y testigos respectivos. Para el queso fresco las evaluaciones se realizaron durante el almacenamiento evaluándose acidez láctica y recuento de mohos y levaduras. Las muestras con tratamiento y sus respectivos testigos no presentaron diferencias significativas en las características evaluadas.
Estabilización de la “Marea Verde” causada por Ulva lactuca (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) a través del ensilaje
Authors: Dante C. Aldón , Gil-Kodaka Patricia , Juscamaita M. Juan
Published: April 2024

Las grandes poblaciones del alga Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta) forma la denominada “marea verde”, que al descomponerse en las orillas, representa un grave problema ambiental, social y económico. En el humedal La Poza de la Arenilla (Callao, Perú) en el 2008 se extrajeron un total de 410 TM, que luego fueron devueltas a la misma bahía, por no tener uso comercial, ocasionando incremento del nivel de eutrofización en la zona. Este estudio planteó darle un destino útil y adecuado a estas macroalgas, elaborando un bioabono líquido a través del proceso de ensilaje. Se diseñó un experimento de doce tratamientos, cada uno con diferentes proporciones en sus componentes, melaza de caña (0 a10%), consorcio microbiano de bacterias lácticas (5 a 15%) y U. lactuca (70 a 90%). Entre los parámetros abióticos el más importante se consideró el descenso del pH. Los niveles altos de N, K y Fe observados están relacionados con las altas concentraciones de estos nutrientes en U. lactuca. Los análisis obtenidos de metales pesados (Co, Mn, Fe, Zn y B) son bajos y no generan problemas de toxicidad a plantas. Los 3 tratamientos sin melaza fueron eliminados debido al aumento de pH (pH>5) que originó que las bacterias putrefactivas dominen el proceso, reflejándose en el color y el mal olor. Los nueve tratamientos restantes fueron evaluados como bioabono en invernadero comparándose con un control (agua) y fertilizante mineral. Los resultados indicaron que los rendimientos fueron menores que el fertilizante mineral pero mayores que el control.
Micropropagation and in vitro studies in Alpinia Roxb. (Zingiberaceae)
Authors: Joseph Delna , Thomas Sinjumol , Mani Bince
Published: April 2024

A tropical and subtropical Asian genus called Alpinia is used for both
horticultural and medicinal purposes. Species having ornamental uses are now
distributed widely all over the world. Different species of Alpinia are widely used in
traditional medicine for treating many diseases. Several Alpinia species have now been
experimentally demonstrated to have medicinal properties. Excess trade of many
species of Alpinia, such as A. calcarata, A. galanga etc., as well as habitat loss and
urbanization demands its mass propagation. Therefore, one of the best methods for its
mass propagation and conservation is micropropagation. In vitro studies of medicinal
taxa such as A. calcarata, and A. galanga and ornamental species such as A. purpurata
has been well established. Different in vitro approaches such as direct organogenesis,
callogenesis and indirect organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis (SEs), and
multiplication using inflorescence buds were generally tried for the successful
micrpropagation of different species of Alpinia. Genetic and phytochemical fidelities of
the in vitro raised plants were also studied in many instances to enhance the
commercial use of it.
A Systematic Review on Micropropagation of Medicinal and Vulnerable Ashoka Tree [Saraca asoca (Roxb.) W.J.de Wilde
Authors: Bhat Pradeep , Pai Sandeep R. , Kumar Hegde Vinay , Madhava Naik Poornananda , Upadhya Vinayak
Published: April 2024

Saraca asoca (Family - Fabaceae) is well-known medicinal tree species used
in codified and non-codified systems of traditional medicine. Tree parts, viz., bark,
flower, leaf, root and fruit, are used to treat various disorders. A huge number of
pharmaceutical products were prepared using bark as one of the major ingredients.
Ashoka tree is categorized as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN) and endangered by the Conservation Assessment and Management Plan
(CAMP) due to its overexploitation and limited distribution. Unsustainable utilization,
deforestation and climate changes are the major threats to the existence of the species.
Aiming at the conservation of the Ashoka tree, ample research works were performed
to standardize the micropropagation techniques. The present chapter discusses the
efforts made towards conservation and micropropagation studies on the Ashoka tree.
In vitro propagation of Oxalis corniculata L.
Authors: Kumaresan V. , Parthibhan S. , Lavanaya R. , Rao M.V.
Published: April 2024

The Oxalidaceae family is known for small herbs, shrubs and small trees
with economic and medicinal properties in folklore medicines. The genus Oxalis is
distributed worldwide and is famous for tuberous and ornamental cultivars. The present
study established reproducible in vitro protocols for mass multiplication of Oxalis
corniculata L. via. micropropagation and indirect organogenesis using different
explants. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with various cytokinins,
auxins and gibberellic acid and combinations with respect to the different protocols. In
micropropagation, shoot tip and node explants cultured on a medium with 6-benzyl
adenine (BA) 3.0 mg/L, 6-furfuryladenine (Kn) 1.0 mg/L and naphthalene acetic acid
(NAA) 0.5 mg/L produced the highest average of 35.1 and 28.5 shoots after 25 days of
culture, respectively. Gibberellic acid (GA3
) treatment was satisfactory in shoot
elongation, and rooting of shoots was best on indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 3.0 mg/L
than indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and NAA. In indirect organogenesis, internode, leaf
and petiole explants produced green, compact nodular calli at varying frequencies on
medium fortified with auxins. The maximum frequencies of shoot regeneration and
shoot numbers were observed on a medium containing BA 1.0 mg/L and IBA 0.5
mg/L. Further, the shoot elongation was achieved with BA and GA3
, and rooting was
best achieved on IBA 3.0 mg/L with Kn 0.5 mg/L. All the plantlets were successfully
hardened and acclimatized under the greenhouse condition with maximum survival of
95%. The current protocols established via meristem and callus mediated cultures
would help in bioprospecting of this less explored medicinal plant.
Are There Variations in Personality Traits Between Men and Women? The Evidence is from Indonesian Residents
Authors: Riana Fitria Dina , Toiba Hery , Rahman Moh. Shadiqur
Published: April 2024

Non-cognitive skills, such as personality traits, play a vital role in various facets of human life due to their association with individual decision-making. However, personality traits can vary significantly among individuals globally, particularly between males and females. Hence, the primary objective of this study is to analyze the disparities in personality traits between men and women and to investigate how non-cognitive skills influence well-being. The study utilizes nationally representative data from Indonesia, encompassing 17,560 men and 18,825 women. Employing distinct mean t-tests and linear regression estimations, we observe that men tend to exhibit higher levels of openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness in their personalities compared to women. Conversely, women demonstrate a propensity for higher level of extraversion and neuroticism. Moreover, our analysis reveals that male well-being is positively correlated with extraversion, while female well-being is linked to openness and extraversion traits. These findings underscore the significance of considering personality attributes in crafting economic development policies. Presently, policymakers in emerging nations like Indonesia heavily prioritize cognitive skills such as technical training and technological innovation. This study suggests that incorporating residents' non-cognitive talents into policy-making could potentially lead to enhanced achievements and progress.
The Impact of Farm Production Factors on The Income of Horticultural Farmers in East Java
Authors: Pariasa Imaniar Ilmi , Hardana Andrean Eka
Published: April 2024

In agricultural growth, the horticulture subsector holds a crucial place. However, one of the most common and productive challenges that farmers deal with is capital limits. Lack of financing is frequently cited as a barrier to addressing rising production costs and erratic commodities selling prices. Financing for factors of production becomes challenging as a result. This study aims to analyze the influence of farm production factors on the income of horticultural farmers in East Java. Data collection was conducted in two locations, namely Wonomulyo Village, Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency, and Pacet Village, Pacet District, Mojokerto Regency. These two locations were chosen purposefully because they are horticulturally producing centers in East Java with the most financial institutions, with a total of 160 respondents. Data collection methods can include interviews using a questionnaire tool. To fulfill the research objective, multiple regression analysis has been used. The land area variable has the most influence since income and land area interact in such a way that as land area is utilized, revenue rises accordingly. The data indicates that there is a positive significance between land area and income in East Java's horticulture farms. Farmers need to seek to intensify horticulture to increase production on existing land with a farming venture. As well as the development of the agribusiness system through Cooperative Farming.
Sustainability of Corn Farming Systems on Post-Sand Mining Land in Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Khusni Ahmad , Suhartini Suhartini , Sujarwo Sujarwo
Published: April 2024

The sand mining activities leave a wide area ex-sand mining land. In Bambang Village, farmers who live in that area try to get their land back to produce agricultural activities that were used previously for sand mining. However, there are several obstacles to the sustainability of farming in this area, especially the matter of critical land issues, pest and disease attacks, unpredictability of price, and technology used still not optimized suboptimal use of technology. To analyze the sustainability index and the attributes that influence continuity of corn farming on post-mine sand land, a quantitative study was conducted used a five-dimension sustainability approach. This approach included the consist of ecological, economic, social, institutional, and technological dimensions. Data collected by distributing questionnaires to the respondents which are divided into 72 of farmers and five key informants, so that, total of respondents are 77 people. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and leverage analysis were used to determine the attributes that influence sustainability. The results of the research show corn farming continuity on post-sand mining land produce a sustainability index for about 54.86%. It is considered quite able to maintain in terms of the economic dimension (62.12%), social dimension (60.82%), and institutional dimension (60.27%). Though, the ecological dimension (46.88%) and technological dimension (44.23%) were classified as weak in terms of sustainability. Additionally, leverage analysis shows about 25 sensitive attributes which is influenced the sustainability of corn farming on post-sand mining land.
A Study on the Life and Poetic World of Gonam So Se-ryang
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Na Sang-pil
Published: April 2024

This article examined his family line and overall life, focusing on 『Byeongamjip』, 『Gonamjip』, a collection of writings by Kunam So Se-ryang born in Iksan, Jeollabuk-do from the 15th to 16th centuries, summarized and reviewed the two collections before considering his watch. Gonam left a number of Chinese poems while interacting with contemporary Confucian scholars such as Cho Gwan-gjo, Lee Eon-jeok, Kim An-guk, and Kim Jong-guk, but politically, he was not noticed because he lacked clear footprints other than records of his participation in the sutra. In addition, the titles of 『Byeongamjip』 printed in 1748 and 『Gonamjip』 printed in 1929 were different, causing one literary collection to invite two literary collections on the web. Gonam, who was active during the period when Chinese poetry flourished most in the history of Chinese literature, left 176 Chinese poems with 230 titles, First, it is a poem with the tendency of “gwangak-style” created in government life, secondly, it is written in the form of a diary to pay tribute to his father with grain, and thirdly, it can be divided into Gonam's Chinese poems. Based on the ideology of royal politics, Gonam created a Chinese poem to understand Taoism in practical and realistic terms because the spirit of Sarim, who wanted to realize more than supreme rule, was deeply based on it.
Reconsideration of Criteria for Structural Classification of Converbal Endings
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Yi Jin-byeong
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we attempted to review the problem of classification of Korean converbal endings and suggest syntactic classification criteria. This paper covered the following: Previous problems in classifying converbal endings, variables and criteria for classifying converbal endings based on hierarchical syntactic structure, new directions that can be proposed, etc. The criteria of relational meaning, modification object, and conjunction that were mainly used so far had various problems. To compensate for this, we went back to the original syntactic structure and looked at the variables to be considered. Then, the syntactic classification criteria for converbal endings were summarized. This criteria was prepared by distinguishing the external structure from the internal structure, starting from complementizer, which is an converbal ending. And it was considered necessary to pay attention to the inflection that preceded the complementizer. And the possibility of applying these criteria was also explored.
Determinants of Malaysian Urban Consumers’ Purchase Intention toward Ready-to-eat Food
Authors: Rosli Siti Khadijah , Sahak Siti Zaleha
Published: April 2024

Ready-to-eat food (RTE) refers to meals or food prepared or cooked in advance, with no further cooking or preparation required before being eaten. This study examines the factors influencing the consumers' purchase intention towards RTE food: price, quality, convenience, and packaging. An online survey among Kuala Lumpur residents generated 180 usable responses. The results of multiple regression indicated that respondents' buying intention toward RTE was significantly determined by convenience and price factors. Product quality and packaging have no significance influence on purchase intention. Managerially, focusing on RTE's convenience and strategic promotion could enhance the urban consumers' buying intention of RTE
Driving Fractions of Business Model Innovation (BMI) among the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)
Authors: Prihanto Y. Johny Natu , Wenehenbun Simon Petrus , Sudiyono Kris Ade
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate how changes in business models in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) affect company performance. This quantitative study tested the connection between business model innovation drivers, innovation results, and MSME performance.  300 of the MSME owner data   are recorded by the questionnaire and used this data collection method. The recorded data are evaluated using SEM-PLS. The results showed that the forces driving innovation in business models have a positive impact on their outcomes, so MSME managers gain knowledge about how innovative business models can support MSME to overcome resource limitations and achieve sustainable growth
Predicting the Effectiveness of a Mindfulness Virtual Community Intervention for University Students: Machine Learning Model
Authors: El Morr Christo , Tavangar Farideh , Ahmad Farah , Ritvo Paul ,   MVC Team
Published: April 2024

Background

Students’ mental health crisis was recognized before the COVID-19 pandemic. Mindfulness virtual community (MVC), an 8-week web-based mindfulness and cognitive behavioral therapy program, has proven to be an effective web-based program to reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Predicting the success of MVC before a student enrolls in the program is essential to advise students accordingly.

Objective

The objectives of this study were to investigate (1) whether we can predict MVC’s effectiveness using sociodemographic and self-reported features and (2) whether exposure to mindfulness videos is highly predictive of the intervention’s success.

Methods

Machine learning models were developed to predict MVC’s effectiveness, defined as success in reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress as measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), to at least the minimal clinically important difference. A data set representing a sample of undergraduate students (N=209) who took the MVC intervention between fall 2017 and fall 2018 was used for this secondary analysis. Random forest was used to measure the features’ importance.

Results

Gradient boosting achieved the best performance both in terms of area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy for predicting PHQ-9 (AUC=0.85 and accuracy=0.83) and PSS (AUC=1 and accuracy=1), and random forest had the best performance for predicting BAI (AUC=0.93 and accuracy=0.93). Exposure to online mindfulness videos was the most important predictor for the intervention’s effectiveness for PHQ-9, BAI, and PSS, followed by the number of working hours per week.

Conclusions

The performance of the models to predict MVC intervention effectiveness for depression, anxiety, and stress is high. These models might be helpful for professionals to advise students early enough on taking the intervention or choosing other alternatives. The students’ exposure to online mindfulness videos is the most important predictor for the effectiveness of the MVC intervention.

Trial Registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN12249616; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN12249616
Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources–Based Support System for Predicting Delivery Type: Model Development and Evaluation Study
Authors: Coutinho-Almeida João , Cardoso Alexandrina , Cruz-Correia Ricardo , Pereira-Rodrigues Pedro
Published: April 2024

Background

The escalating prevalence of cesarean delivery globally poses significant health impacts on mothers and newborns. Despite this trend, the underlying reasons for increased cesarean delivery rates, which have risen to 36.3% in Portugal as of 2020, remain unclear. This study delves into these issues within the Portuguese health care context, where national efforts are underway to reduce cesarean delivery occurrences.

Objective

This paper aims to introduce a machine learning, algorithm-based support system designed to assist clinical teams in identifying potentially unnecessary cesarean deliveries. Key objectives include developing clinical decision support systems for cesarean deliveries using interoperability standards, identifying predictive factors influencing delivery type, assessing the economic impact of implementing this tool, and comparing system outputs with clinicians’ decisions.

Methods

This study used retrospective data collected from 9 public Portuguese hospitals, encompassing maternal and fetal data and delivery methods from 2019 to 2020. We used various machine learning algorithms for model development, with light gradient-boosting machine (LightGBM) selected for deployment due to its efficiency. The model’s performance was compared with clinician assessments through questionnaires. Additionally, an economic simulation was conducted to evaluate the financial impact on Portuguese public hospitals.

Results

The deployed model, based on LightGBM, achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 88%. In the trial deployment phase at a single hospital, 3.8% (123/3231) of cases triggered alarms for potentially unnecessary cesarean deliveries. Financial simulation results indicated potential benefits for 30% (15/48) of Portuguese public hospitals with the implementation of our tool. However, this study acknowledges biases in the model, such as combining different vaginal delivery types and focusing on potentially unwarranted cesarean deliveries.

Conclusions

This study presents a promising system capable of identifying potentially incorrect cesarean delivery decisions, with potentially positive implications for medical practice and health care economics. However, it also highlights the challenges and considerations necessary for real-world application, including further evaluation of clinical decision-making impacts and understanding the diverse reasons behind delivery type choices. This study underscores the need for careful implementation and further robust analysis to realize the full potential and real-world applicability of such clinical support systems.
Effect of Performance-Based Nonfinancial Incentives on Data Quality in Individual Medical Records of Institutional Births: Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Taye Biniam Kefiyalew , Gezie Lemma Derseh , Atnafu Asmamaw , Mengiste Shegaw Anagaw , Kaasbøll Jens , Gullslett Monika Knudsen , Tilahun Binyam
Published: April 2024

Background

Despite the potential of routine health information systems in tackling persistent maternal deaths stemming from poor service quality at health facilities during and around childbirth, research has demonstrated their suboptimal performance, evident from the incomplete and inaccurate data unfit for practical use. There is a consensus that nonfinancial incentives can enhance health care providers’ commitment toward achieving the desired health care quality. However, there is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of nonfinancial incentives in improving the data quality of institutional birth services in Ethiopia.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of performance-based nonfinancial incentives on the completeness and consistency of data in the individual medical records of women who availed institutional birth services in northwest Ethiopia.

Methods

We used a quasi-experimental design with a comparator group in the pre-post period, using a sample of 1969 women’s medical records. The study was conducted in the “Wegera” and “Tach-armacheho” districts, which served as the intervention and comparator districts, respectively. The intervention comprised a multicomponent nonfinancial incentive, including smartphones, flash disks, power banks, certificates, and scholarships. Personal records of women who gave birth within 6 months before (April to September 2020) and after (February to July 2021) the intervention were included. Three distinct women’s birth records were examined: the integrated card, integrated individual folder, and delivery register. The completeness of the data was determined by examining the presence of data elements, whereas the consistency check involved evaluating the agreement of data elements among women’s birth records. The average treatment effect on the treated (ATET), with 95% CIs, was computed using a difference-in-differences model.

Results

In the intervention district, data completeness in women’s personal records was nearly 4 times higher (ATET 3.8, 95% CI 2.2-5.5; P=.02), and consistency was approximately 12 times more likely (ATET 11.6, 95% CI 4.18-19; P=.03) than in the comparator district.

Conclusions

This study indicates that performance-based nonfinancial incentives enhance data quality in the personal records of institutional births. Health care planners can adapt these incentives to improve the data quality of comparable medical records, particularly pregnancy-related data within health care facilities. Future research is needed to assess the effectiveness of nonfinancial incentives across diverse contexts to support successful scale-up.
Conducting Community-Based Research with Older Adults: Adapting to Unexpected Demands (Preprint)
Authors: Colbert Jill , Dietrich Bryce Jensen , Bai ErWei , Smith Marianne
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

A wide range of challenges may emerge in recruiting and enrolling older adults in community-based research that often relies on partnership with agencies, services, and providers who facilitate access to the target population. This baseline of usual concerns was deeply affected by the Covid-19 pandemic that presented diverse barriers to accessing older adults to participate in our in-person study with older adults in senior living settings.

OBJECTIVE

This paper discusses barriers and solutions that occurred while conducting a study that evaluated two aims related to predicting late-life depression using vocal patterns among community-dwelling older adults. We highlight unanticipated events that emerged at the onset of funding through three years of pandemic-related problems that were overcome through teamwork. Lessons learned are offered to help guide future community-based researchers as both usual and highly unexpected challenges are encountered.

METHODS

The observational, repeated measures design included adults aged 65 years and older using in-person interviews to collect background information, depression levels using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and vocal data. We describe the impact of the pandemic on access to older adults, transitions from the initial in-person approach to “no contact” virtual data collection, and factors that extended the timeline.

RESULTS

Our step-wise adaptations to barriers resulted in outcomes that were both below and beyond expectations. Two main adaptations to in-person data collection included a Hybrid approach that had some contact with study team members and a no-contact Virtual approach. A total of 129 participants included 17 in-person/iPad, 18 Hybrid and 87 Virtual group members who were an average age of 68.8 to 81 7 years old, largely white (86.2 – 100%) and female (60.9 – 77.2%). Average depression severity scores ranged from 4.5 to 12.9, and average minutes of vocal recording time ranged from 3 to 17 minutes. Wave2Ved machine learning analytics successfully predicted depression from vocal patterns 98.5% to 100% across groups.

CONCLUSIONS

In spite of facing a variety of problems in accessing and interviewing older adults for this study, strong outcomes were achieved in predicting depression from vocal patterns data that was collected using three different approaches. Further, the advancement of new technologies that were devised to overcome challenges hold promise for advancing future vocal research.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Welnu dan Eet Ik Jou op: Bergelut dengan Serangan Belalang Kayu di Jawa (1878-1937)
Authors: Aji Ardhiatama Purnama
Published: April 2024

This article describes a number of series of wood locust attacks in Java from 1878 until 1937. With the application of the historical method, this research resulted in findings that wood locusts attacked several areas, such as Boyolali (1898), Banyumas (1898), Grobogan (1915), Semarang (1915), Salatiga (1915), Gunung Kidul (1915), Ngawi (1937), and Nganjuk (1937). Wood locust attacks damaged crops such as corn, coconut, tobacco, opium, and teak. The colonial government then took serious steps by appointing experts, publishing research results, providing information services, issuing instructions for eradicating locust eggs, and deploying natural enemies of wood locusts such as mushrooms, wasps and beetles. Even though it had subsided after 1917, thousands of locusts attacked again in 1937 in Ngawi and Nganjuk. However, because the government’s role was considered to be less significant, the people who were suffering then took other means. By lighting torches, they hunted wood locusts at night and made their wood locusts as a side dish to complement rice.
Marginalisasi Daun-Daunan Hijau dalam Pola Konsumsi Pangan di Jawa pada Abad Ke-19 dan Ke-20
Authors: Pratiwi Yuanita Wahyu
Published: April 2024

Despite being home to one of the world’s richest biodiversity, dietary preferences in Java have shifted away from the type of vegetable typically abundant tropical region: leafy greens. This article explains the changing palate of Java’s inhabitants using environmental, economic, and cultural lenses. The method used consisted of analysing determining factors in the development of diet in the 19th and 20th centuries such as the development of public health science, government policies, economic condition, the development of food industry, and the development of media. This research discovers that leafy greens gradually become marginalized over these two centuries due to 1) food security management that was increasingly dependent on utilization of modern nutritional science, modern agriculture, and centralized distribution chain, and 2) centralized dietary guidance by the government and media. This article also suggests that by moving beyond studying food as a mere cultural expression to also studying food as a foodstuff that incorporate its provisioning and availability factors, we can unravel not only the changes in interhuman relations but also in human-nature relations.
Chromium and Methionine Effects on Amino Acid Uptake, Gene Expression, and Protein Abundance in Bovine Satellite Cells
Authors: Urso. Philip M , Kim Jongkyoo , Legako Jerrad F. , Wellmann Kimberly B. , Fuerniss Luke K. , Johnson Bradley J.
Published: April 2024

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of chromium (Cr) and methionine on myogenic gene expression, GLUT4 and insulin receptor (IR) synthesis, and amino acid uptake in differentiated bovine satellite cells. Cells were treated with 0, 1, or 10 μM of chromium acetate (CrAc) and 0, 1, or 10 mg/mL of methionine, with cells utilized for the amino acid assay receiving 0.1 μM instead of 1 μM of CrAc. The addition of 10 μM of Cr tended to downregulate AMPKα mRNA gene expression (P < 0.1). Myogenin was impacted by methionine and CrAc with high doses and low doses upregulating expression (P < 0.01). The ratio and protein levels of AMPKα to pAMPKα, GLUT4, and IR abundance were not affected (P > 0.1). Increase in time decreased concentrations of leucine, isoleucine, threonine, methionine, phenylalanine, glutamine, ornithine, lysine, and cysteine (P < 0.01) in conditioned media. Over time, alanine increased (P < 0.01). Methionine inclusion increased alanine, proline, glutamic acid, ornithine, and tryptophan concentrations, as well as decreased leucine, isoleucine, and cysteine (P < 0.01). CrAc only affected glutamine and tryptophan, which both increased with CrAc dose, whereas alanine decreased (P < 0.01). Methionine decreased over time within the 10 mg/mL group (P < 0.01). Tryptophan was generally unaffected but decreased in the 0 mg/mL group at 48 h. Cysteine decreased with a decreased dosage of CrAc at 24 h (P < 0.01). Lysine was generally unaffected by this interaction (P > 0.1), with the exception of the 0.1 μM treatment group at 24 h being higher (P < 0.01). CrAc affected the uptake of alanine, glutamine, and tryptophan (P < 0.01). Methionine inclusion increased alanine, proline, glutamic acid, ornithine, and tryptophan, as well as decreased leucine, isoleucine, and cystine (P < 0.01). Increased time saw a significant decrease in leucine, isoleucine, threonine, methionine, phenylalanine, glutamine, ornithine, lysine, and cystine (P < 0.01) and an increase in alanine (P < 0.01).
ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES MATERIALS: SPORTS SCIENCES AND PSYCHOLOGY ESP MATERIALS IN THE EFL CLASSROOM
Authors: Lourido-Badía Inés
Published: April 2024

English as a Foreign Language (EFL) has become the course that most universities have decided to include in their curricula due to the necessity of acquiring English for their future careers in the globalized world we are living nowadays. In order to expand the knowledge of students, at the Universidad Europea del Atlántico – a private university based in Cantabria, Spain – three sessions of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) have been included in the subjects of EFL as part of the compulsory curricula of the different degrees offered. The aim of the present study was to analyze the degree of usefulness and appropriateness of the designed ESP sessions for the degrees in Sports Sciences and Psychology – which are mixed in the English classroom – through the design of a rubric that could check their validity for both the level of English and the level of knowledge in these specific topics for these students in their second academic year at university. The main conclusion was that the degree of relevance, utility and usefulness of the ESP materials taught depends on the teacher, his/her degree of implication, knowledge, and strategies he/she uses when creating these materials.
Multi-Purpose Tracker Robot
Authors: Mane Isha
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This paper introduces a multi-purpose tracking robot designed with Arduino, ultrasonic, infrared sensors, and motor drivers. The robot is capable of performing diverse tasks such as obstacle avoidance, line following, and object tracking. Its hardware comprises an Arduino Uno microcontroller, ultrasonic sensors for distance measurement, infrared sensors for line detection and obstacle avoidance, and motor drivers for controlling DC motors. The software, developed using Arduino IDE, includes algorithms for sensor data processing, decision-making logic, and motor control. By implementing PID control algorithms, the robot achieves enhanced stability and accuracy in navigation tasks like motor speed control and line following. Experimental results validate its effectiveness in various scenarios, showcasing its potential for advanced robotics and automation applications through intelligent sensor integration and control strategies.
Smart Electronic Noticing System Through Voice Alert and Text Message
Authors: Manda Damodhar Rao , Srujana Kommu Keerthi , Sree Gudise Navya , Sri Nagulapati Navya , Varma Kokkiligadda Nikhil Sai
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In the era of smart technologies, this project introduces an approach to streamline and enhance the process of electronic noticing by incorporating the voice commands and text messaging capabilities. The Smart Electronic Noticing System via voice and text message features reduces the reliance on traditional noticing system. This system is developed to offer an effective and user-friendly platform for managing announcements in various places such as shopping malls, traffic signals, hospitals, railway stations, bus stations, offices, and other public spaces. The system uses advanced voice recognition technology through android application to allow user to interact with the noticing system through spoken commands. Additionally, users can conveniently send notices via text messages with the help of telegram bot, further expanding the system's versatility. By the combination of voice command and text message features, the Smart Electronic Noticing System aims to redefine the way of user interact with and manage notices. Apart from the voice and text message capabilities, the system also has a capability to display the current atmospheric temperature with some pre- defined delay. This project aligns with the growing demand for accessible, and efficient smart solutions in today's technologically advanced world.
Student Attendance and Classroom Monitoring System Using IOT
Authors: L Dr. Divya Shivani. J , J Deepika. , M Prasad.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In classroom settings, taking after cooperation depends on manual collection, driving to time-consuming, and human botches. To overcome these challenges and to overhaul classroom Computerization, we propose a creative system joining fingerprint development and advanced sensors. The system leverages a microcontroller to robotize cooperation recording and classroom upkeep handle. One-of-a-kind finger impression highlights are considered to be the best and speediest methodology for biometric recognition confirmation. Classroom temperature and relative stickiness are two principal components for understudy reassurance. The center components of the system join a fingerprint sensor for secure affirmation, a DHT11 sensor for measuring temperature and mugginess levels, GSM Module to send day-by-day interest to enrolled versatile numbers. This proposed System offers a strong and compelling course of action to robotize interest and make strides in security measures in interior
Improved Quantum Query Complexity on Easier Inputs
Authors: Anderson Noel T. , Chung Jay-U , Kimmel Shelby , Koh Da-Yeon , Ye Xiaohan
Published: April 2024

Quantum span program algorithms for function evaluation sometimes have reduced query complexity when promised that the input has a certain structure. We design a modified span program algorithm to show these improvements persist even without a promise ahead of time, and we extend this approach to the more general problem of state conversion. As an application, we prove exponential and superpolynomial quantum advantages in average query complexity for several search problems, generalizing Montanaro's Search with Advice [Montanaro, TQC 2010].
THE EFFECT OF MODIFYING ADDITIVES ON THE PER-FORMANCE PROPERTIES OF SLAG-ALKALI BINDERS AND CONCRETES
Authors: Aimenov Zhambul , Aimenov Askar , Erofeev Vladimir , Sabitov Linar , Sanyagina Yana
Published: April 2024

The results of the analysis and generalization of research on the problem of using man-made industrial waste for the production of composite slag-alkali binders and concretes based on them are presented. The disposal of industrial man-made waste and their use in the production of composite binders are issues of global importance. Therefore, much attention is paid to this issue in the industrialized countries of the world.The influence of waste products from the enrichment of polymetallic ores – carbonate-barium tailings on the performance properties (strength, water absorption, density, etc.) of composite slag-alkali binders and concretes based on them has been studied. Various methods of introducing modifying additives into the composition of composite slag-alkali binders and concretes based on them have been investigated. The optimal amount of introduction of modifying additives into the composition of composite slag–alkali binders - waste of carbonate-barium tailings and an efficiency indicator for the effect on the activity of concrete, depending on the type of alkaline component and hardening conditions, has been established. The methods of conducting experimental work to determine the operational properties of slag-alkali binders and concretes based on them are presented.