bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PEMBELAJARAN HYBRID BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA
Authors: Wagyana Agus , Widhiantoro Dandun , Frendiana Viving , Fathurahman Mohamad
Published: March 2022

This Community Service Activity as one of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education aims to provide tools and training for multimedia-based learning systems at the Nusantara Islamic Junior High School and Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Sirojul Athfal 5. There is a decision from four ministers (Minister of Education and Culture, , Minister of Home Affairs, and the Minister of Health) to open Limited Face-to-face Learning activities in schools starting in July 2021, requiring all schools to prepare to learn in accordance with the Covid-19 protocol. The implementation of learning is still done in a limited manner, so a method is needed so that the achievement of the material can be given according to the target. The implementation steps include Distance Learning, which will make it easier for teachers and students to use the Learning Management System (LMS). This type of LMS training will make it easier for teachers to provide online visual teaching, assign assignments, arrange assignment collections, give daily or semester exams. Analysis of the implementation of this service activity was carried out by giving questionnaires to 21 participating teachers to see the effect of perceptions of usefulness, convenience, service quality, use, and effectiveness of Google Classroom on the learning process at partner schools.In general, the results of the questionnaire show that the use of Google Classroom can support a hybrid learning system in partner schools.
Keywords— Covid-19 protocol, Google Classroom, learning management system, multimediabased learning systems
 
Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat sebagai salah satu Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan perangkat dan pelatihan sistem pembelajaran berbasis multimedia di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Islam Nusantara dan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Sirojul Athfal 5. Adanya keputusan dari empat menteri (Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan,  Menteri Dalam Negeri dan Menteri Kesehatan) untuk membuka kegiatan Pembelajaran Tatap Muka Terbatas di sekolah mulai bulan Juli 2021, mengharuskan semua sekolah untuk mempersiapkan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan protokol Covid-19. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran masih dilakukan secara terbatas, sehingga diperlukan metode agar pencapaian materi bisa diberikan sesuai sasaran. Langkah pelaksanaannya diantaranya melalui Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ), dimana akan lebih memudahkan guru dan siswa jika menggunakan Learning Management System (LMS). Pelatihan sejenis LMS ini akan memudahkan guru dalam memberikan pengajaran visual secara online, memberikan tugas, mengatur pengumpulan tugas, memberikan ujian baik harian atau pun semester.
Prática educativa na educação básica: desafios no contexto da pandemia COVID – 19
Authors: Pereira Cleusa Rodrigues
Published: March 2022

Com o advento e disseminação acentuada da pandemia COVID-19, a suspensão das atividades escolares foi uma medida direta e rápida tomada a fim de conter o avanço do vírus. O setor educacional necessitou ser reconfigurado para retomar suas atividades. Tendo em vista as particularidades de cada unidade escolar, o presente estudo trouxe como questão norteadora: quais os principais e novos desafios da prática educativa no ensino básico desenvolvido através do ensino remoto ofertado no período do isolamento social imposto pela pandemia do COVID-19? Nessa perspectiva, tivemos como o objetivo refletir sobre os principais e novos desafios da prática educativa no ensino básico desenvolvida com o ensino remoto ofertado no período do isolamento social imposto pela pandemia. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório, do tipo bibliográfico, integrativo, que trabalhou com artigos publicados no ano de 2020. Os resultados indicaram que dentre os diversos desafios enfrentados pelos docentes o maior deles se refere à falta de habilidades no uso das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação influenciando, assim, na qualidade do processo de ensino-aprendizagem ofertado. Observou-se, ainda, que a condição de trabalho docente não facilitou o desenvolvimento de práticas pedagógicas centradas no estudante. Sabemos que a implementação do ensino híbrido se encontra em andamento e será de grande importância um planejamento e execução tendo por base a realidade vivida como ensino remoto, portanto, uma acurada reflexão crítica sobre as práticas educativas a ser configurada pelos mecanismos políticos, tecnológicos, culturais e sociais e biológicos, se faz necessária.
Enculturation of the traditional heritage of syrmia disseminated by plucking instruments
Authors: Lukaš Mirko , Damjanović Marko
Published: March 2022

Traditional music is associated with certain geographical areas and the culture of the region, which in these areas resists globalization processes and manages to survive thanks to enthusiasts, the will of caregivers, and today more and more the work of educational institutions. This paper interprets the role of traditional percussion instruments from historical discourse as part of the enculturation and socialization factor of the young people of Syrmia. The paper points out
the purpose of tamburitza music in Syrmia and the opportunities that traditional musical instruments provide to young generations. The historical analysis of the content of the literature and the interview of the transmitters of the traditional heritage of Šokac indicate the attitude towards the picking instruments in their traditional heritage and customs. Attention is paid to the dominant disseminators of musical heritage culture and its folk protectors who by popularizing certain forms of folk tradition, transmit tamburitza music in the area of Syrmia. Tamburitza music pedagogues Pajo Kolarić and Pere Tumbas Hajo, who raised the tamburitza to the artistic level of music, have also been
briefly presented. No less merit should be attributed to the lesser-known village tamburitza players who worked in the villages of Syrmia, entertaining the people and thus acting to preserve the heritage
of their region.
Causes, the impact of stress and ways of dealing with the stress of subject teachers in primary school and the role of professional associate pedagogue
Authors: Mađarac Danijela
Published: March 2022

The paper deals with the problem of teacher stress and teachers' attitudes towards stress exposure. The aim of the research was to examine the sources of stress in primary school teachers, the ways in which they deal with stress, and how stress affects them. Also, this research aimed to reveal the opinion of the respondents about the professional associate - pedagogue and how he/she can help them in some segments of work. The research was conducted on a sample of 346 subject teachers in primary school. The results were processed using the SPSS program using descriptive and inferential statistics procedures (t-test for independent samples and correlation analysis). The results of the research shows that teachers believe that underestimation in society is the biggest source of stress (AS = 4.1). They also point out to a large extent political interference (AS = 3.88), injustice in employment (AS =
3.76), and insufficient rewarding of excellence (AS = 3.74). Research has also shown that stress has the greatest impact on teacher health (AS
= 3.03). As for coping techniques, they answered that they do not blame
themselves for everything that happens at school (AS = 3.73) and that they set a time for rest (AS = 3.55). When it comes to issues related to
the professional associate - pedagogue, most respondents believe that the pedagogue should deal more with students and less with administration (AS = 4.2). T-test for independent samples revealed statistically significant differences in student disobedience and classroom discipline (p <0.001) and parents' treatment of teachers (p
<0.01) with respect to age. The results of the research show that many factors affect teachers' stress, from society, parents to classroom
work, and such a situation significantly affects teachers. Emphasis on the care and satisfaction of workers should be an imperative of every job, including teaching, and it should go from the school level, where it would be more dedicated to cooperation and respect, to external associates who would help teachers to the state that would change its approach to education.
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Kredit pada Audiora Finance
Authors: Setiawan Ridwan , Kurniadi Dede , Sidiq Syahrul
Published: March 2022

Perkembangan teknologi sangat dibutuhkan guna menunjang kinerja pada suatu perusahaan. Audiora Finance sebagai salah satu lembaga keuangan membutuhkan informasi dan pelaporan yang bisa diakses secara cepat guna memberikan kemudahan dalam pembuatan laporan kepada nasabahnya. Saat ini, Pihak Audiora Finance kesulitan dalam melakukan Perekapan dan pencatatan pelaporan keuangan. Tujuan dibuatnya sistem informasi ini untuk memudahkan pengguna dalam menjalankan proses transaksi. Oleh karena itu dibuatlah Sistem Informasi Penjualan Kredit Pada Audiora Finance berbasis web menggunakan metode  Rational Unified Process dengan tahapan Inception, Elaboration, Construction dan Transition. Sistem Informasi ini diharapkan dapat menunjang kinerja perusahaan serta nasabah dapat dengan mudah mendapatkan informasi kredit  yang dimiliknya.
PENGUKURAN EFEKTIVITAS OPERASIONALISASI MANAJEMEN PADA PT. KARYA LESTARI MEDAN
Authors: Siti Asyraini Siti Asyraini
Published: March 2022

Pada dasarnya manajemen yang baik merupakan perantara antara pimpinan organisasi dengan setiap manajernya. Sebagai manajer yang baik harus dituntut mengetahui rencana kebijaksanaan, aktivitas, program kerja dan rencana-rencana usaha suatu organisasi atau perusahaan berdasarkan keadaan, harapan-harapan, keinginan-keinginan sebagai sasarannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan operasionalisasi sudah berjalan efektif pada PT. Karya Lestari Medan. Untuk jenis data yang digunakan adalah jenis data kuantitatif yaitu  berupa daftar kehadiran pegawai, dan data lainnya yang berkaitan dengan kebijakan operasionalisasi manajemen. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif yaitu untuk melihat pengaruh dengan menggunakan rumus analisis regresi sederhana . Hasil analisis skripsi menunjukan bahwa PT. Karya Lestari Medan menempatkan manajemen sebagai bagian integral dari perusahaan dengan kedudukan langsung dibawah pimpinan perusahaan yaitu pada setiap masing-masing bagian / devisi. Kedudukan pada posisi ini memberikan keleluasaan dan wewenang penuh bagi manajer untuk mengambil kebijakan-kebijakan penting yang dianggap mampu mengatasi dan menyelesaikan masalah-masalah di dalam preusan. Manajemen PT. Karya Lestari Medan memiliki peranan penting di dalam melaksanakan aktivitas pokok yang ada diperusahaan mulai dari mengevaluasi , mengidentifikasi dan merencanakan serta melaksanakan kegiatan manajemen untuk meningkatkan efektivitas operasionalisasi di dalam perusahaan. Kegiatan operasionalisasi manajemen harus dilaksanakan perusahaan terdiri dari sebagai tenpat konsultan bagi pegawai yang sedang menghadapi masalah, wakil dari perusahaan untuk mengkomunikasikan dan menjelaskan tentang kebijakan-kebijakan dan peraturan yang diambil perusahaan dan menjalin hubungan baik dengan masyarakat yang ada disekitar perusahaan melalui komunikasi dan interaksi serta dukungan yang diberikan perusahaan dalam melakukan kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan masyarakat.
PENGARUH PENJUALAN, BIAYA PERASIONAL DAN PERPUTARAN TERHADAP LABA BERSIH PADA PERUSAHAAN CONSUMER GOOD YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI 2016-2020
Authors: NASUTION MHD HAFIZ AKBAR
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah Penjualan berpengaruh terhadap Laba Bersih pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020, mengetahui apakah Biaya Operasional berpengaruh terhadap Laba Bersih pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020, mengetahui apakah Perputaran Piutang berpengaruh terhadap Laba Bersih pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020, mengetahui apakah Penjualan, Biaya Operasional dan Perputaran Piutang berpengaruh terhadap Laba Bersih pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif, yaitu data yang diperoleh dalam bentuk angka. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan tahunan selama periode 2016-2020. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2016-2020 sebanyak 46 perusahaan. Sampel penelitian dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 25 perusahaan dengan kriteria tertentu. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis regresi linear berganda.
PENGARUH DEBT RATIO, LABA BERSIH DAN HARGA SAHAM TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DEVIDEN PADA PERUSAHAAN PERDAGANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE 2017-2021
Authors: Prayogi Joko
Published: March 2022

Persaingan perusahaan terutama hal memperoleh keuntungan sehingga perusahaan dapat membagikan dividen tunai bagi para investor. Melalui hal tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa dividen termasuk alasan investor ingin menanamkan dananya pada perusahaan. Para investor umumnya menginginkan pembagian dividen yang relatif stabil. Umumnya investor dalam penerimaan dividen lebih menginginkan perusahaan melakukan pembayaran dividen dalam bentuk tunai, hal ini dikarenakan pembayaran dividen dalam bentuk tunai akan mengurangi risiko ketidakpastian dalam melaksanakan aktivitas investasi pada suatu perusahaan.  Di dalam dunia perekonomian, perusahaan sebagai pelaku ekonomi selalu dituntut agar dapat berkembang dan tumbuh guna menjaga kelangsungan hidup perusahaan dan memenangkan persaingan. Perusahaan memiliki laba bersih yang tinggi dapat membagikan dividen lebih stabil dibandingkan perusahaan yang memiliki laba bersih yang rendah. Perusahaan yang membayarkan dividen kepada para pemegang saham dipengaruhi juga dari tingkat laba bersih yang dimiliki perusahaan. Kemampuan perusahaan dalam memperoleh laba yang menunjukkan kemampuan perusahaan untuk membayar dividen sehingga laba bersih merupakan faktor penentu terhadap dividen. Meningkatnya laba bersih yang dicapai oleh suatu perusahaan akan meningkatkan harapan investor untuk memperoleh pendapatan dividen yang tinggi. Laba bersih perusahaan pertama akan digunakan untuk memenuhi kewajiban perusahaan, yang selanjutnya sisa laba bersih perusahaan akan dibagikan sebagai dividen tunai kepada para pemegang saham atau laba bersih akan ditahan perusahaan sebagai laba ditahan tergantung kebijakan dari perusahaan.
A Developed QSPR Model for the Melting Points of Isatin Derivatives
Authors: KHALİL Rabah , H. ABDULRAHMAN Shayma'a
Published: March 2022

This paper suggests a developed quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) model for coping the melting point (M.P) which is considered as the main and important physical property of solid state. The development was based on the decreasing in number of descriptors in order to be statistically intensive with excellent values of statistical parameters. The model was applied successfully to the already published data of M.P for 32 biologically active molecules derived from 4-(1-aryl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-indol-3-ylideneamino)-N-substituted benzene sulfonamides. The calculations of descriptors were carried out using density functional theory (DFT) with bases set of 6-311G (d, P). A statistically intensive QSPR model contains only three descriptors with physical meaning has been introduced. Two of them are belonging to the direct theoretical calculations but the third was considered as three dimensional correcting term of which depending on the chemical structure of the substituent. The theoretically calculated descriptors were the total connectivity (TC) and the average charge on the aryl group (AQArH) as both depending on the packing of molecules and responsible on M.P. The last descriptor was suggested as a correction term with respect to the packing of molecules of which depending on their three dimensional chemical structure which only taking the values of -1, 0 and 1. A relatively excellent statistical parameters for the developed model were obtained with square regression coefficient (r2), cross-validation (q2) and root mean squared error (RMSE) are equal to 0.925, 0.903 and 15.26oC, respectively. It was concluded that the developed model gives more confidence results in addition to physical significance which can be considered as a helpful tool for understanding the factors affecting the melting point.
Muhammad Basiuni Imran: Tokoh Legendaris Islam, Sambas, Kalimantan Barat Abad 20 M
Authors: Wendi Parwanto
Published: March 2022

Research on ulama in West Borneo is important because it hasn’t been widely studied by researchers. Based on these reasons, the researcher is interested in studying this theme further. ‎This study uses the genealogy of knowledge theory and with a historical approach. The ‎conclusion of this article is a‎ Muhammad Basiuni Imran's thoughts were much influenced by Muhammad Rasyid Ridha in particular the idea of ​​Islamic reform, and these ideas were accentuated in the Sambas region, especially in reforming education.
Prophetic Philosophy Muhammad Saw dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Hakam al-Ma’mun
Published: March 2022

The discussion of Prophetic philosophy was one of the central themes for Muslim philosophers in the Middle Ages. This is because one of the foundations of the Muslim faith is built on trust in God's messengers as recipients and transmitters of divine messages. Therefore, if someone has claimed to be a believer, the consequence that must be accepted is to believe in the existence of Muhammad's prophecy. However, history records the existence of some groups of Muslims in the Middle Ages that have ruled out the role of a prophet. The assumption that underlies them solely rests on the role of human reason which is considered sufficient to lead him to the truth so that the role of prophethood is no longer needed. This paper highlights how the Qur'an explains the concept of Muhammad's prophecy with all the visions and missions it carries. The Qur'an through sura al-Ahzab verses 45-46 has captured some of the prophetic characteristics of Muhammad. The philosophical approach in this research is a concrete effort to understand and explain religious doctrine more logically and systematically. The results of this study indicate that sura al-Ahzab verses 45-46 contain the prophetic message of Muhammad's prophethood, that is his testimony as a messenger who brings good news as well as a warning to people who are in the denial of the existence of God. In addition, Muhammad also played a role as a caller for truth and a guide for lost mankind.
Could Helicobacter Pylori Infection Be A Risk Factor for Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Authors: Elshabrawy Amal
Published: March 2022

Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy are the most common conditions affecting pregnancy, occurring in about 80% of all pregnancies and commonly disappears by 16 to 18 weeks of gestation. Hyperemesis gravidarum is the most severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, it is accompanied by starvation, dehydration, acidosis, alkalosis from hydrochloric acid loss in the vomits, hypokalemia, weight loss and transient hepatic dysfunction [1]. Many hypotheses have been published to explain the etiology and pathophysiology of hyperemesis gravidarum including infections, gastrointestinal tract dysfunctions, endocrinal changes, anatomical, metabolic and immunological factors. However, no single theory is enough to give an adequate explanation for all the properties of hyperemesis gravidarum. Some studies done on patients with hyperemesis gravidarum indicated a relationship between Helicobacter pylori and hyperemesis gravidarum, in addition multiple gastrointestinal and extra digestive pathologies may be associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
Fermat’s last theorem proved in Hilbert arithmetic. I. From the proof by induction to the viewpoint of Hilbert arithmetic
Authors: Penchev Vasil
Published: March 2022

The present paper elucidates the contemporary mathematical background, from which an inductive proof of FLT can be inferred since its proof for the case for “n = 3” has been known for a long time. It needs “Hilbert mathematics”, which is inherently complete unlike the usual “Gödel mathematics”, and based on “Hilbert arithmetic” to generalize Peano arithmetic in a way to unify it with the qubit Hilbert space of quantum information. An “epoché to infinity” (similar to Husserl’s “epoché to reality”) is necessary to map Hilbert arithmetic into Peano arithmetic in order to be relevant to Fermat’s age. Furthermore, the two linked semigroups originating from addition and multiplication and from the Peano axioms in the final analysis can be postulated algebraically as independent of each other in a “Hamilton” modification of arithmetic supposedly equivalent to Peano arithmetic.
Uji Kemampuan RPM Motor DC Permanen Baldor dengan Sumber Daya Solar Cell Monocristallin 50 Wp
Authors: Mas Baihaqi , Yulyawan Eva Kurnia
Published: March 2022

Memanfaatkan energi alternatif cahaya matahari sebagai salah satu solusi untuk mengurangi pemakaian energi fosil yang tidak bisa di perbarui, solar cell 50 Wp sebagai sumber daya untuk menguji kecepatan serta kekuatan motor DC magnet permanen baldor, pengujian dilakukan dengan metode memberi beban semakin bertambah, dengan pengujian ini di harapkan RPM sebelum ada beban maupun semakin bertambah beban kekuatan motor dc permanen baldor tidak mengalami drop RPM, dengan harapan hasil uji nanti bisa di manfaatkan untuk pengembangan penelitian selanjutnya pada pengembangan transportasi yakni mobil listrik tenaga surya dengan modul photovoltaic, motor dc magnet permanen baldor
Studi Evaluasi Pengetanahan Gardu Induk dengan Adanya Perubahan Tegangan Sistem dari 70 kV Menjadi 150 kV
Authors: Yulyawan Eva Kurnia , Baihaqi Mas
Published: March 2022

Pengetanahan peralatan pada Gardu Induk mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting karena menyangkut keamanan manusia dan peralatan. Salah satu peristiwa yang sering terjadi di Gardu Induk yaitu gangguan fasa ke tanah yang akan menyebabkan mengalirnya arus gangguan pada bagian peralatan dan ke piranti pentanahan. Hal ini akan menimbulkan gradien tegangan antara peralatan dengan peralatan, peralatan dengan tanah dan gradien tegangan pada permukaan tanah itu sendiri yang berbahaya bagi keselamatan manusia yang berada di area Gardu Induk. Sistem pengetanahan ini diharapkan akan memperoleh gradien tegangan yang merata (uniform) dalam semua bagian struktur dan peralatan, dan juga agar manusia yang berada di daerah instalasi itu berada pada potensial yang sama dan tidak berbahaya setiap waktu. Dengan adanya rencana perubahan kapasitas Transformator daya di Gardu Induk dari Transformator sistem 70 kV menjadi 150 kV, maka perlu adanya evaluasi kembali terhadap sistem pengetanahan peralatannya apakah masih memenuhi syarat-syarat teknis yaitu tingkat keamanan yang sesuai atau yang diizinkan bagi manusia ataupun peralatan di dalam suatu Gardu Induk.
PENDAMPINGAN BUDIDAYA SAYUR ORGANIK DENGAN SISTEM HIDROPONIK DI DESA BUMIAJI KOTA BATU
Authors: Hari Kurnia Safitri  , Bambang Priyadi  , Indrazno Siradjuddin  , Mila Fauziyah
Published: March 2022

Bumiaji village is located on the slopes of the mountains with an altitude of 150mdpl. The majority of bumiaji villagers work as farmers. PKM in activities aim to help farmers in terms of increasing income and diverse agricultural produce on partner land. Currently the partner has about 800 m2 of land that is used for citrus cultivation. Because the old citrus harvest process is about 4-5 months, the partner needs additional income in addition to citrus cultivation. The training conducted by the PKM team is: (1) the introduction of hydroponic system knowledge; (2) training to grow vegetables with hydroponic system. By knowing and knowing the hydroponic system farmers / partners can develop hydroponic systems for various organic vegetables in the rest of the land, so that the results obtained are diverse and increase the income of partners.
PELATIHAN DAN BIMBINGAN KORESPONDENSI BISNIS DI BIDANG HOME INDUSTRI KULINER PAWON BUCI MALANG
Authors: Wahyu Ellyn Eka , Yekie Senja Oktora  , Siti Nurbaya  , Joni Dwi Pribadi  , Achmad Suyono
Published: March 2022

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PkM) in 2021, was carried out to provide training and guidance to mothers in the area around Pawon Buci Malang on Business Correspondence to help promote and market products from Pawon Buci Malang. The method used by the PkM Implementation Team is to provide an explanation of the meaning of letters, understanding of business correspondence, the importance of correspondence (especially during the Covid 19 Pandemic), requirements for a good letter, function of letters, language of letters, nature of business letters, form of letters, sections -Department of Letters, Sales Methods - Direct Sales, Kinds of Letters (Introduction Letters, Offer Letters, Order Acceptance Letters, Order Confirmation Letters, Order Rejection Letters). This PkM activity received high enthusiasm from the participants. The enthusiasm was evidenced by the completeness of the 5 participants who listened carefully and actively from the beginning to the end of the activity. The PkM Implementation Team concluded that all participants were able to put the results of the training into practice by being able to write the necessary documents to promote and market Pawon Buci products.
Placerade barns utbildningsvägar
Authors: Forsman Hilma , Stenberg Sten-Åke
Published: March 2022

Såväl svensk som internationell forskning visar att barn som placerats i samhällsvård har sämre skolresultat än andra barn. Däremot är kunskapen om hur deras utbildningskarriärer ser ut över en längre tid begränsad. Med hjälp av en femtioårig uppföljning av en kohort bestående av drygt 12 000 personer födda 1953, av vilka nästan 8 procent varit placerade före 13 års ålder, har vi följt deras utbildningsvägar över nästan hela livsförloppet. Analyserna fokuserade på hur de placerade barnens utbildningsambitioner, prestationer och val från årskurs 6 och framåt skilde sig från barn som haft barnavårdskontakt utan att placeras respektive barn utan barnavårdskontakt. Resultaten visade att de placerade barnen genomgående presterat sämre och gjort mindre ambitiösa utbildningsval än barnen utan barnavårdskontakt. Däremot var de placerade barnens utbildning lik och i vissa fall till och med bättre än utbildningen för de som haft barnavårdskontakt. Våra resultat visade också att möjligheterna att återuppta studier i vuxen ålder tycks ha spelat en viktig roll för alla barn, inte minst de placerade barnen.
Skolkurator sökes
Authors: Jansson Per , Evertsson Lars , Perlinski Marek
Published: March 2022

Införandet av en samlad elevhälsa har medfört att psykosocialt arbete inom skolan givits en tydligare position i skolornas elevhälsoarbete. Trots detta vittnar tidigare studier om att skolkuratorer uppfattar sitt professionella uppdrag och sina arbetsuppgifter som otydliga. Tidigare forskning har fokuserat på skolkuratorers egen beskrivning av sitt professionella uppdrag och arbetsuppgifter. Syftet med denna artikel är att studera skolhuvudmäns beskrivning av skolkuratorers uppdrag, arbetsuppgifter, organisation samt kvalifikationer och färdigheter. Studiens empiriska material utgörs av samtliga platsannonser som publicerades hos Arbetsförmedlingen under 2017 där skolhuvudmän sökte efter skolkuratorer. I studien användes kvalitativ innehållsanalys med en tematisk ansats. Resultatet visar att skolhuvudmännen i platsannonserna beskriver en tydlig skolkurativ jurisdiktion men att denna är under- eller sidoordnad den pedagogiska verksamhetens mål, organisation och styrning.
Synthetic Biology Approaches for Improving Chemical Production in Cyanobacteria
Authors: Treece Tanner R. , Gonzales Jake N. , Pressley Joseph R. , Atsumi Shota
Published: March 2022

Biological chemical production has gained traction in recent years as a promising renewable alternative to traditional petrochemical based synthesis. Of particular interest in the field of metabolic engineering are photosynthetic microorganisms capable of sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide. CO2 levels have continued to rise at alarming rates leading to an increasingly uncertain climate. CO2 can be sequestered by engineered photosynthetic microorganisms and used for chemical production, representing a renewable production method for valuable chemical commodities such as biofuels, plastics, and food additives. The main challenges in using photosynthetic microorganisms for chemical production stem from the seemingly inherent limitations of carbon fixation and photosynthesis resulting in slower growth and lower average product titers compared to heterotrophic organisms. Recently, there has been an increase in research around improving photosynthetic microorganisms as renewable chemical production hosts. This review will discuss the various efforts to overcome the intrinsic inefficiencies of carbon fixation and photosynthesis, including rewiring carbon fixation and photosynthesis, investigating alternative carbon fixation pathways, installing sugar catabolism to supplement carbon fixation, investigating newly discovered fast growing photosynthetic species, and using new synthetic biology tools such as CRISPR to radically alter metabolism.
Oxidative Stress in the Protection and Injury of the Lacrimal Gland and the Ocular Surface: are There Perspectives for Therapeutics?
Authors: Lemos Camila Nunes , Silva Lilian Eslaine Costa Mendes da , Faustino Jacqueline Ferreira , Fantucci Marina Zilio , Murashima Adriana de Andrade Batista , Adriano Leidiane , Alves Monica , Rocha Eduardo Melani
Published: March 2022

Oxidative stress (OS) is a major disruption in the physiology of the lacrimal functional unit (LFU). Antioxidant enzymes have dual protective activities: antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Peroxidases have been indistinctly used as markers of the secretory activity of the LFU and implicated in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of dry eye disease (DED), even though they comprise a large family of enzymes that includes lactoperoxidase (LPO) and glutathione peroxidase (GPO), among others. Assays to measure and correlate OS with other local LFU phenomena have methodological limitations. Studies implicate molecules and reactions involved in OS as markers of homeostasis, and other studies identify them as part of the physiopathology of diseases. Despite these conflicting concepts and observations, it is clear that OS is influential in the development of DED. Moreover, many antioxidant strategies have been proposed for its treatment, including calorie restriction to nutritional supplementation. This review offers a critical analysis of the biological mechanisms, diagnostic outcomes, drug use, dietary supplements, and life habits that implicate the influence of OS on DED.
Potential Therapeutic Effect and Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Extracellular Vesicles in Renal Fibrosis
Authors: Liao Chunling , Chen Guangyong , Yang Qian , Liu Yiping , Zhou Tianbiao
Published: March 2022

Renal fibrosis (RF) is central pathological pathway for kidney diseases, with the main pathological features being the aberrant accumulation of myofibroblasts that produce accumulation of extracellular matrix in the renal interstitium and glomeruli. Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with RF. Current treatment strategies for RF are ineffective. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been found to be able to treat organ fibrosis including RF, but they have some safety problems, such as cell rejection, carcinogenicity, and virus contamination, which limit the application of MSCs. However, current studies have found that MSCs may exert their therapeutic effect by releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-EVs can transfer functional proteins and genetic material directly to the recipient cells. As non-cell membrane structures, MSC-EVs have the advantages of low immunogenicity, easy preservation, and artificial modification, but do not have the characteristics of self-replication and ectopic differentiation. Therefore, EVs are safer than MSCs for treatment, but might be less effective than MSCs. Recent studies have also found that MSC-EVs can improve renal function and pathological changes of RF. Thus, this review summarizes the therapeutic effect of MSC-EVs on RF and the mechanisms that have been discovered so far, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the further study of the role of MSC-EVs in treating RF diseases.
The Influence of Titania Nanoparticles on the Electrodeposition of Ni-Mo-W Composites in Aqueous Electrolytes at Different Electrolyte Temperatures
Authors: Izagirre‐Etxeberria Usoa , Podlaha Elizabeth J.
Published: March 2022

The electrodeposition of Ni-Mo-W alloys and composites with TiO2 are examined with a rotating Hull cell to better understand the influence of the particle on the deposition composition and morphology. The addition of the TiO2 particle to the electrolyte and deposit, significantly affected the deposit composition when the electrolyte temperature was 650C. Both Ni and Mo composition in the deposit was enhanced, but not due to higher reaction rates. The enhancement was a result of an apparent inhibition by the hydrogen evolving side reaction. The W partial current density was most significantly inhibited. The deposit morphology changed with the addition of TiO2 with a reduction of microcracks compared to the particle-free deposit. The results suggest that the adsorption of the hydrogen intermediate from the side reaction is influenced by the particle, hindering hydrogen desorption, and indirectly affects the partial current densities of the nickel, molybdate and tungstate ion reduction and the morphology.
Detection of Streptococcus gallolyticus and Four Other CRC-Associated Bacteria in Patient Stools Reveals a Potential “Driver” Role for Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis
Authors: Périchon Bruno , Lichtl-Häfele Julian , Bergsten Emma , Delage Vincent , Trieu-Cuot Patrick , Sansonetti Philippe , Sobhani Iradj , Dramsi Shaynoor
Published: March 2022

Purpose

Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (SGG) is an opportunistic pathogen causing invasive infections in the elderly often associated with colon neoplasia. The prevalence of SGG in the stools of patients with normal colonoscopy (control) was compared with patients with colorectal adenomas (CRA) or with carcinomas (CRC) from stages I to IV. The presence of the pks island encoding colibactin as well as other CRC-associated bacteria such as toxicogenic Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Parvimonas micra was also investigated.

Patients and Methods

Fecal samples collected in France between 2011 and 2016 from patients with normal colonoscopy (n = 25), adenoma (n = 23), or colorectal cancer at different stages (n = 81) were tested by PCR for the presence of SGG, B. fragilis, F. nucleatum, P. micra, and the pks island. Relative quantification of SGG, F. nucleatum, and P. micra in stools was performed by qPCR.

Results

SGG prevalence was significantly increased in the CRC group. Our results also revealed i) a strong and significant increase of toxinogenic B. fragilis in patients with early-stage adenoma and of pks island at late-stage CRC and ii) increased levels of F. nucleatum and P. micra in the stools of CRC patients. Furthermore, the simultaneous detection of these five bacterial markers was only found in CRC patients.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that the prevalence or relative levels of CRC-associated bacteria vary during CRC development. Among them, B. fragilis (bft+) was singled out as the sole pathobiont detected at the early adenoma stage.
Contribution of a Novel Pertussis Toxin-Like Factor in Mediating Persistent Otitis Media
Authors: Ma Longhuan , Sedney Colleen , Su Yang , Dewan Kalyan K. , Linz Bodo , Harvill Eric T.
Published: March 2022

Chronic otitis media (COM) is the long-term infection and inflammation of the middle ears typically caused by upper respiratory tract pathogens that are able to ascend the Eustachian tube. Our understanding of contributing factors is limited because human otopathogens cannot naturally colonize or persist in the middle ears of mice. We recently described a natural COM in mice caused by Bordetella pseudohinzii and proposed this as an experimental system to study bacterial mechanisms of immune evasion that allow persistent infection of the middle ear. Here we describe a novel pertussis toxin (PTx)-like factor unique to B. pseudohinzii, apparently acquired horizontally, that is associated with its particularly efficient persistence and pathogenesis. The catalytic subunit of this toxin, PsxA, has conserved catalytic sites and substantial predicted structural homology to pertussis toxin catalytic subunit PtxA. Deletion of the gene predicted to encode the catalytic subunit, psxA, resulted in a significant decrease in persistence in the middle ears. The defect was not observed in mice lacking T cells, indicating that PsxA is necessary for persistence only when T cells are present. These results demonstrate the role of a novel putative toxin in the persistence of B. pseudohinzii and its generation of COM. This PsxA-mediated immune evasion strategy may similarly be utilized by human otopathogens, via other PTx-like toxins or alternative mechanisms to disrupt critical T cell functions necessary to clear bacteria from the middle ear. This work demonstrates that this experimental system can allow for the detailed study of general strategies and specific mechanisms that otopathogens use to evade host immune responses to persist in the middle ear to cause COM.
A Gut Feeling in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Microbiome of Mice and Men
Authors: Martin Sarah , Battistini Carolina , Sun Jun
Published: March 2022

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severely debilitating disease characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons. ALS etiology and pathophysiology are not well understood. It could be the consequences of complex interactions among host factors, microbiome, and the environmental factors. Recent data suggest the novel roles of intestinal dysfunction and microbiota in ALS etiology and progression. Although microbiome may indeed play a critical role in ALS pathogenesis, studies implicating innate immunity and intestinal changes in early disease pathology are limited. The gastrointestinal symptoms in the ALS patients before their diagnosis are largely ignored in the current medical practice. This review aims to explore existing evidence of gastrointestinal symptoms and progress of microbiome in ALS pathogenesis from human and animal studies. We discuss dietary, metabolites, and possible therapeutic approaches by targeting intestinal function and microbiome. Finally, we evaluate existing evidence and identify gaps in the knowledge for future directions in ALS. It is essential to understanding the microbiome and intestinal pathogenesis that determine when, where, and whether microbiome and metabolites critical to ALS progression. These studies will help us to develop more accurate diagnosis and better treatment not only for this challenging disease, but also for other neurodegenerative diseases.
Interaction Analysis of Abnormal Lipid Indices and Hypertension for Ischemic Stroke: A 10-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wei Lai , Sun Junxiang , Xie Hankun , Zhuang Qian , Wei Pengfei , Zhao Xianghai , Chen Yanchun , Dong Jiayi , Li Mengxia , Chen Changying , Yang Song , Shen Chong
Published: March 2022

Background

Dyslipidemia and hypertension are two important independent risk factors for ischemic stroke (IS); however, their combined effect on IS remains uncertain.

Objectives

This present study aimed to evaluate the interaction effect of hypertension and abnormal lipid indices on IS in a 10-year prospective cohort in Chinese adults.

Methods

The cohort study of 4,128 participants was conducted in May 2009 and was followed up to July 2020. All qualified participants received a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and blood sample detection. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association of dyslipidemia and hypertension with IS, and calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) and the HR (95%CI) of interaction terms were used to examine additive and multiplicative interactions.

Results

In the hypertensive population, Non-HDL-C ≥190 mg/dl, LDL-C/HDL-C ≥2 and HDL-C ≥60 mg/dl were statistically associated with IS, and after adjusting for covariates, HRs (95%CIs) were 1.565 (1.007–2.429), 1.414 (1.034–1.933) and 0.665 (0.450–0.983), respectively. While in the non-hypertension population, no significant association of Non-HDL-C ≥190 mg/dl, LDL-C/HDL-C ≥2, and HDL-C ≥60 was detected with IS (P > 0.05). There was a significant association between TC/HDL-C ≥ 3.6 and the decreased risk of IS in the non-hypertension population, and the HR (95%CI) was 0.479 (0.307–0.750). Whereas, a similar association was not observed in the hypertensive population. HDL-C ≥ 60 mg/dl, Non-HDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dl, TC/HDL-C ≥ 3.6, and TG/HDL-C ≥ 1 have additive and multiplicative interactions with hypertension (P < 0.05). The RERIs (95% CIs) of the additive interaction are −0.93 (−1.882–0.044), 1.394 (0.38–2.407), 0.752 (0.354–1.151) and 0.575 (0.086–1.065), respectively. The HRs (95% CIs) of the multiplicative interaction terms were 0.498 (0.272–0.911), 4.218 (1.230–14.464), 2.423 (1.437–4.086) and 1.701 (1.016–2.848), respectively.

Conclusion

High concentration of HDL-C reduces the impact of hypertension on IS, while the high concentration of Non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C positively interact with hypertension affecting the incidence of IS. This study provides useful evidence for the combined effects of dyslipidemia and hypertension in predicting IS.
Aortic Balloon Occlusion Technique Does Not Improve Peri-Operative Outcomes for Acute Type A Acute Aortic Dissection Patients With Lower Body Malperfusion
Authors: Tong Guang , Sun Zhongchan , Wu Jinlin , Zhao Shuang , Chen Zerui , Zhuang Donglin , Liu Yaorong , Yang Yongchao , Liang Zhichao , Fan Ruixin , Sun Tucheng
Published: March 2022

Background

The management of malperfusion is vital to improve the outcomes of surgery for acute type A acute aortic dissection (ATAAD). Open arch repair under hypothermic circulatory arrest with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (HCA/sACP) is safe and efficient but associated with inevitable hypothermia and ischemia-reperfusion injury. The aortic balloon occlusion (ABO) technique is shown to be organ protective by allowing higher temperature and shorter circulatory arrest time. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this new technique for ATAAD patients with lower body malperfusion.

Methods

Between January 2013 and November 2020, 355 ATAAD patients with lower body malperfusion who underwent arch repair in our institute were enrolled. The patients were divided into 2 groups: ABO group (n = 85) and HCA/sACP group (n = 271). Propensity score matching was performed to correct baseline differences.

Results

Using the propensity score matching, 85 pairs were generated. Circulatory arrest time was significantly lower in the ABO group compared with the HCA/sACP group (median, 8 vs. 22 min; p < 0.001). The incidence of in-hospital mortality (10.6 vs. 12.9%; p = 0.812), stroke (7.1 vs. 7.1%; p = 1.000), dialysis (25.9 vs. 32.9%; p = 0.183), hepatic dysfunction (52.9 vs. 57.6%; p = 0.537), tracheostomy (4.7 vs. 2.4%; p = 0.682), paraplegia (1.2 vs. 4.7%; p = 0.368) were comparable between ABO and HCA/sACP groups. Other outcomes and major adverse events were comparable. The multivariable logistic analysis did not recognize ABO technique protective against any major adverse outcomes.

Conclusions

For ATAAD patients with lower body malperfusion, the ABO technique allows the performance of arch repair with frozen elephant trunk (FET) under higher temperature and shorter circulatory arrest time. However, ABO technique did not improve perioperative outcomes. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of this technique.
Progression of Mitral Regurgitation in Rheumatic Valve Disease: Role of Left Atrial Remodeling
Authors: Gomes Nayana F. A. , Silva Vicente Rezende , Levine Robert A. , Esteves William A. M. , de Castro Marildes Luiza , Passos Livia S. A. , Dal-Bianco Jacob P. , Pantaleão Alexandre Negrão , da Silva Jose Luiz Padilha , Tan Timothy C. , Dutra Walderez O. , Aikawa Elena , Hung Judy , Nunes Maria Carmo P.
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common valve abnormality in rheumatic heart disease (RHD) often associated with stenosis. Although the mechanism by which MR develops in RHD is primary, longstanding volume overload with left atrial (LA) remodeling may trigger the development of secondary MR, which can impact on the overall progression of MR. This study is aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of MR progression in patients with RHD.

Methods

Consecutive RHD patients with non-severe MR associated with any degree of mitral stenosis were selected. The primary endpoint was a progression of MR, which was defined as an increase of one grade in MR severity from baseline to the last follow-up echocardiogram. The risk of MR progression was estimated accounting for competing risks.

Results

The study included 539 patients, age of 46.2 ± 12 years and 83% were women. At a mean follow-up time of 4.2 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.2–6.9 years), 54 patients (10%) displayed MR progression with an overall incidence of 2.4 per 100 patient-years. Predictors of MR progression by the Cox model were age (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.541, 95% CI 1.222–1.944), and LA volume (HR 1.137, 95% CI 1.054–1.226). By considering competing risk analysis, the direction of the association was similar for the rate (Cox model) and incidence (Fine-Gray model) of MR progression. In the model with LA volume, atrial fibrillation (AF) was no longer a predictor of MR progression. In the subgroup of patients in sinus rhythm, 59 had an onset of AF during follow-up, which was associated with progression of MR (HR 2.682; 95% CI 1.133–6.350).

Conclusions

In RHD patients with a full spectrum of MR severity, progression of MR occurs over time is predicted by age and LA volume. LA enlargement may play a role in the link between primary MR and secondary MR in patients with RHD.