bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gold catalysis under visible light
Authors: Ballarín-Marión María , Ollivier Cyril , Mouriès-Mansuy Virginie , Fensterbank Louis
Published: December 2024

Visible light has been used to induce diverse organic transformations, such as isomerization, rearrangement and cycloaddition reactions. However, since many organic molecules cannot absorb in this area of the spectrum, the use of photocatalysts has been widely investigated. These compounds are excited by direct absorption of visible light and induce a single electron transfer to the substrate (photoredox catalysis), generating a radical that can further react to generate valuable compounds. Additionally, the excited photocatalyst can cause the indirect excitation of the substrate through photosensitization (energy transfer catalysis). The merger of photoredox catalysis or energy transfer catalysis with transition metal catalysis also known as metallaphotoredox catalysis has recently known intense developments. Among the transition metals employed in this dual type of catalysis, gold has received significant attention. Gold complexes are highly effective catalysts for the electrophilic activation of multiple carbon–carbon bonds towards nucleophilic addition, generating organogold intermediates that usually undergo protodemetalation. The merger of gold catalysis with photocatalysis enables the formation of carbon–carbon bonds as an alternative to the traditional protodemetalation pathway. Furthermore, the exceptional photophysical properties of dinuclear gold complexes, such as [Au2(µ-dppm)2]2+ (dppm = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane), make them suitable photoredox catalysts in diverse reactions. Finally, gold(i) complexes equipped with adequate ligands have proven to be versatile photocatalysts for energy transfer catalysis.
The ALARIC parton shower
Authors: Reichelt Daniel
Published: December 2024

Parton showers are important tools in the event generation chain for present and future colliders. Recently, their formally achieved accuracy has been under extended scrutiny. This contribution will present a novel take on dipole parton showers, resulting in the design of a new parton shower called ALARIC that is implemented in the SHERPA framework. Its resummation properties, including analytic and numerical proofs of its NLL accuracy, will be discussed alongside the latest developments.
Search for the Exotic Decay of the Higgs Boson into a Pair of Light (Pseudo-)Scalar Higgs Boson in e+e− Collider
Authors: Nee Cheng-Hsu , Mohammadi Abdollah , Dasu Sridhara
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the exotic decay of the Higgs boson into a pair of light (pseudo-)scalar bosons (h → aa), where the mass of a boson ranges from 10 to 60 GeV. The primary objective is to assess the sensitivity of e+e− collider in probing these decays, particularly in the h → aa → bbττ channel. Advanced event generation and reconstruction techniques were employed, including tailored tau identification and a specialized b-jet identification method, to efficiently isolate signal from background events. The analysis approach allows for reconstruction of the a bosons from both the ττ and bb final states. The model-independent analysis resulted in a 95% confidence level upper limit on the cross-section σ (e+e− → Zh → Zaa → llbbττ) and on the branching ratio BR (h → aa → bbττ). Additionally, a model-dependent analysis can be used to set a 95% confidence level upper limit on BR(h → aa) within the two-Higgs-doublet-plus-singlet (2HDM+S) models. Both analyses show sensitivity comparable to the CMS results, with improved sensitivity in the lower a boson mass region, despite utilizing only the Z → e+e−/µ+µ− and h → aa → bbττ channels. In conclusion, the presented study demonstrates the strong potential of e+e− colliders in detecting light (pseudo-)scalar bosons, with future improvements possible through the inclusion of additional decay channels. The analysis suggests that e+e− collider has the potential to achieve greater sensitivity than LHC / HL-LHC.
τ̃ searches at future e+e− colliders
Authors: Berggren Mikael , Núñez Pardo de Vera Maria Teresa , List Jenny
Published: December 2024

The direct pair-production of the superpartner of the τ-lepton, the τ̃, is one of the most interesting channels to search for SUSY in: the τ̃ is likely to be the lightest of the scalar leptons, and is one of the most experimentally chalanging ones. The current model-independent τ̃ limits come from LEP, while limits obtained at the LHC do extend to higher masses, but are model-dependent. The future Higgs factories will be powerful facilities for SUSY searches, offering advantages with respect to previous electron-positron colliders as well as to hadron machines. In order to quantify the capabilities of these future
e+e− colliders, the “worst-case” scenario for τ̃ exclusion/discovery has been studied, taking into account the effect of the τ̃ mixing on τ̃ production cross-section and detection efficiency. To evaluate the latter, the ILD concept, originally developed for the International Linear Collider (ILC), and the ILC beam conditions at a centre-of-mass energy of 500 GeV have been used for detailed simulations. The obtained exclusion and discovery reaches extend to only a few GeV below the kinematic limit even in the worst-case scenario.

The results of the detailed simulation study are then discussed in view of the experimental environment of other proposed Higgs factory projects.
Unconventional Searches for Exotic Particles at Future Lepton Colliders
Authors: Kumar Nilanjana
Published: December 2024

The main aim of the the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments is to search for exotic particles with masses in the TeV range as predicted by Beyond Standard Model (BSM) theories. However, there is no hint of BSM around TeV scale so far. Hence, it is possible that the exotic particles are heavier and larger centre of mass energy is needed to observe them. Alternatively, the future lepton colliders offer a comparatively cleaner environment than the LHC which is advantageous to detect light exotic particles. Lepton colliders, like the International Linear Collider, provide the opportunity to detect exotic particles at energies below the TeV scale. The Muon Collider, once fully operational, will have the capability to observe exotic particles at and beyond the TeV scale. The search for BSM particles typically assumes a minimal scenario where only one type of BSM particle couples with the Standard Model (SM) sector. But there are theories which involve such interactions of multiple BSM particles. Here I discusses a specific model featuring a fermionic quintuplet and a scalar quartet that interact before decaying into SM particles. This model yields distinctive signatures characterized by high lepton and jet multiplicities, making it a promising candidate for detection at future lepton colliders.
Possible effects of the composite dark matter at the linear collider
Authors: Murakami Yuko , Sekiguchi Motoo , Wada Hiroaki , Wakayama Masayuki
Published: December 2024

The existence of the dark matter is currently one of the strong motivations for beyond the standard model. We consider the model of the composite dark matter. Our model assumes that meson-like dark matter (call it dark mesons) is a bounded state of dark quark and anti-dark quark pairs, where they have a confining force at work. The confining force is based on the QCD-like hidden colour gauge theory. At the future linear collider, we can study the missing energy for the final state of our model.
Optimisation of the CLIC positron capture LINAC taking into account Beam Loading effects
Authors: Mesbah Nafiseh , Doebert Steffen , Dayyani Kelisani Mohsen , Latina Andrea , Zhao Yongke , Olivares Herrador Javier
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates Beam Loading in the positron source capture Linac of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). Beam Loading, caused by interactions between beam with accelerating cavities, leads to a reduction in the accelerating gradient, negatively affecting the Linac performance. Through simulations using the RF-Track code, we analyze Beam Loading effects and explore some optimization strategies. Key findings reveal significant transient Beam Loading effects and bunch-to-bunch variations.
Robotisation of cavity string assembly at CEA
Authors: Drant Julien , Bouygues Adrien , Berry Stéphane , Gonzalez–Moreau Ambre , Servouin Christophe , Madec Catherine
Published: December 2024

Since 2017, CEA has been developing the use of collaborative robots (cobot) to carry out the steps required to assemble superconducting cavities strings. This development is based on two mains objectives. The first is to reduce the tediousness for operators of certain stages of component cleaning by blowing, so that they can focus on higher value-added tasks. The second is to improve assembly quality by keeping operators, the main sources of particle contamination in cleanrooms, away from open critical RF surfaces. The integration of component cleaning (flange, inter-cavity bellows, etc.) in the cleanroom by the cobot was carried out on the production of ESS cryomodules cavity strings. For future projects, CEA is currently working on the cobotisation of component assembly steps to meet the second objective.
Cryomodule Test Bunker for the ILC Technology Network
Authors: Nakanishi Kota , Hara Kazufumi , Honma Teruya , Kessoku Shiori , Nakai Hirotaka , Shimizu Hirotaka
Published: December 2024

"ILC Technology Network" (ITN) is an international framework for the technological development outlined in the time-critical Work Package (WP). The focus of WP1 and 2 are cavity production and cryomodule design, respectively. The High Energy Accelerator Research Organization known as KEK plans to produce one cryomodule equipped with eight superconducting 9-cell cavities for WP1 and 2 from FY2023 and conduct measurements by FY2027. To do that, a test facility will be required to perform the measurements. This test facility was named "Cryomodule Test Bunker" (CTB). The refrigerator (Linde LR280) currently operating at KEK will be used for CTB. The helium transfer line has been designed based on KEKB’s transport line design; however, it was slightly modified because the International Linear Collider (ILC) does not use liquefied nitrogen for the thermal radiation shield. It is planned to install a 2K refrigerator, a purification filter, etc. The construction of the CTB will enable us to measure the performance of the cryomodules which are the main components of the ILC. This indicates that it will be possible to verify various aspects of the fabrication and inspection of cryomodules for the ILC, and is a very important technological step towards the construction of the ILC. It can also be used as a general-purpose test stand for superconducting accelerators, which will be useful in developing future superconducting accelerators.
SRF programs towards High-Q/High-G cavities in IJCLab
Authors: Miyazaki Akira , Fouaidy Mohammed , Gandolfo Nicolas , Longuevergne David , Olry Guillaume , Vannson Mael , Vogt Lê My , Baudrier Matthieu , Cenni Enrico , Eozénou Fabien , Jullien Grégoire , Maurice Luc
Published: December 2024

IJCLab has been leading the development and deployment of low-β Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavities for proton and heavy ion accelerators. We are launching an electron accelerator project for sustainable Energy Recovery Linac (iSAS/PERLE) with state-of-the-art SRF cavities at 800MHz. Our proposal includes advanced heat treatment of such cavities to reach an excellent quality factor of 3 × 1010 at 22 MV/m. In this paper, we overview the status of this activity.
Beamstrahlung backgrounds in ILD at linear (ILC) and circular (FCCee) colliders*
Authors: Jeans Daniel
Published: December 2024

We describe a simulation study of backgrounds in the Time Projection Chamber of the International Large Detector due to beamstrahlung, comparing FCC-ee operating at 91 and 240 GeV with ILC at 250 GeV. This background depends on the amount of initial beamstrahlung per bunch crossing, the design of the machine-detector interface, and the collision rate, which are all significantly different at these different colliders. We also estimate the density of the ion cloud which builds up in the TPC due to this background source.
Adiabatic self-matching of witness bunches in a plasma wakefield accelerator
Authors: Farmer John , Caldwell Allen , Pukhov Alexander
Published: December 2024

Plasma wakefield acceleration offers high accelerating gradients, making it an interesting candidate for future colliders. However, the large accelerating fields are coupled with large focusing fields, leading to accelerated bunches with extremely high charge density. In these regimes, the electron witness bunch can significantly perturb the plasma ion density. The resulting non-linear focusing field can lead to emittance growth, reducing the beam quality. In this work, we show that by accelerating in a single stage, as would be possible with a high-energy proton driver, the witness bunch can adiabatically match to the focusing fields, greatly reducing the emittance growth. This suggests that many of the constraints for electron acceleration in plasma can be avoided.
Stakeholder Perspectives on the Meaningful Integration of Clinical Informatics Interventions Using Patient-Reported Outcomes in Healthcare
Authors: Russell David , Sharma Yashika , Ambrosy Andrew P. , Axsom Kelly , Chaiyasit Janejira J. , Cuomo Margaret O. , Deaton Christi , Goldberg Anne J. , Goyal Parag , Guan Angel , Polubriaginof Fernanda C. G. , McGurk Lucy , Sandhu Alexander T. , Spertus John A. , Turchioe Meghan Reading , Vawdrey David K. , Creber Ruth Masterson
Published: December 2024

Background Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) capture where patients are on their disease trajectory and can identify changes in health status from their perspective.

Objectives This study applied the equity and sustainability-informed RE-AIM framework (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) to gain insights into clinical informatics interventions for collection and use of PROs across health systems.

Methods A total of 14 health informatics and clinical professionals were interviewed about the development and use of PROs within their health systems and individual practices. Directed content analysis was performed to highlight patterns, similarities, and differences in stakeholder perspectives across RE-AIM domains.

Results The reach of clinical informatics interventions using PROs varied across clinical practices and settings based upon institutional commitment and support, integration of clinical information systems, and engagement with patients and families. Although interventions using PROs were viewed as effective for enabling focused conversations with patients and facilitating shared decision-making, barriers to adoption included licensing requirements associated with PRO instruments, lack of incentives for their use, limited integration of PRO results into electronic medical record systems, and poor support for patients with low technology and/or health literacy. Implementation of interventions using PROs was facilitated through training and support staff who aided clinicians with clinical workflow integration, availability of questionnaires in multiple languages, identifying thresholds and strategies for action, and presenting interpretable visualizations showing changes over time alongside significant clinical events. Maintenance of interventions using PROs was enabled through multimodal data collection approaches and data governance groups that evaluated organizational requests to track new measures.

Conclusion Initiatives to increase the reach of clinical informatics interventions using PROs will require health system investments into medical record system integration, education, and implementation support for clinicians and patients, and efforts to reach patient populations with language barriers or limited technology literacy.
Roles of ROCK/Myosin Pathway in Macrothrombocytopenia in Bernard–Soulier Syndrome
Authors: Mekchay Ponthip , Ingrungruanglert Praewphan , Leela-adisorn Netchanok , Uaprasert Noppacharn , Israsena Nipan , Rojnuckarin Ponlapat
Published: December 2024

Background Megakaryocytes (MK) from Bernard–Soulier syndrome (BSS) induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) yielded reduced numbers but increased sizes of platelets. The molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to determine roles of signaling molecules involved in this process.

Material and Methods Wild-type (WT) iPSCs and iPSCs from BSS patients with GP1BA (BSS-A) or GP1BB (BSS-B) mutations were differentiated into MKs and platelets with or without myosin II inhibitor (blebbistatin), ROCK inhibitor (Y27632), and procaspase-3 activator (PAC-1). Proplatelet and platelet numbers and sizes were characterized. The iPSC lines containing tubulin-green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporters were constructed to observe proplatelet formation under time-lapse microscopy.

Result BSS-derived MKs (BSS-MKs) yielded fewer but larger platelets compared with the WT. In the presence of blebbistatin, ROCK inhibitor, or PAC-1, WT, BSS-A, and BSS-B MKs could generate more platelets with decreased sizes, but PAC-1 caused CD42 loss on WT platelets. The proportions of proplatelet formation from MKs carrying tubulin-GFP were not different between WT and BSS-MKs, as well as among inhibitors. Notably, initially thick cytoplasmic processes were transformed into thin branching proplatelets over the observation time. The proplatelet shafts of BSS-MK became thinner in the presence of blebbistatin or ROCK inhibitor, but not of PAC-1, which displayed uneven F-actin distribution.

Conclusion Inhibition of the ROCK/myosin pathway, downstream of GpIb, could restore normal morphology of proplatelets in BSS-MKs. Procaspase-3 activation could increase platelet yields, but with abnormal proplatelet and platelet structures. Our model can be used for therapeutic drug screening and a disease model for platelet production in the future.
Strategies for a Biomarker-Driven Approach to Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Klebaner Daniella , Kathiravan Anoushka , Vitzthum Lucas K.
Published: December 2024

Treatment paradigms for esophageal cancer are evolving and there is a growing need for prognostic and predictive biomarkers to guide clinical decision making. Perioperative chemotherapy has emerged as a standard of care for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), yet some patients with an elevated local recurrence risk or poor tolerance to intensified chemotherapy may benefit from neoadjuvant therapy including radiation. Biomarkers for predicting treatment response to radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy in other gastrointestinal malignancies and solid tumors are emerging that could be used to personalize treatment approaches. Recent trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of a watch-and-wait approach for both EAC and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but with pathologic complete response rates ranging from 10 to 49% it will be critical to improve patient selection for omission of surgery. Further prospective study is warranted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a biomarker-driven treatment approach.
An antibiotic that mediates immune destruction of senescent cancer cells
Authors: Casagrande Raffi Gabriele , Chen Jian , Feng Xuezhao , Chen Zhen , Lieftink Cor , Deng Shuang , Mo Jinzhe , Zeng Chuting , Steur Marit , Wang Jing , Bleijerveld Onno B. , Hoekman Liesbeth , van der Wel Nicole , Wang Feng , Beijersbergen Roderick , Zheng Jian , Bernards Rene , Wang Liqin
Published: December 2024

Drugs that eliminate senescent cells, senolytics, can be powerful when combined with prosenescence cancer therapies. Using a CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic screen, we identify here SLC25A23 as a vulnerability of senescent cancer cells. Suppressing SLC25A23 disrupts cellular calcium homeostasis, impairs oxidative phosphorylation, and interferes with redox signaling, leading to death of senescent cells. These effects can be replicated by salinomycin, a cation ionophore antibiotic. Salinomycin prompts a pyroptosis-apoptosis-necroptosis (PAN)optosis-like cell death in senescent cells, including apoptosis and two forms of immunogenic cell death: necroptosis and pyroptosis. Notably, we observed that salinomycin treatment or SLC25A23 suppression elevates reactive oxygen species, upregulating death receptor 5 via Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) pathway activation. We show that a combination of a death receptor 5 (DR5) agonistic antibody and salinomycin is a robust senolytic cocktail. We provide evidence that this drug combination provokes a potent natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T cell–mediated immune destruction of senescent cancer cells, mediated by the pyroptotic cytokine interleukin 18 (IL18).
Periodic orbits and bifurcation of a two-degree-of freedom dry friction coupled vibration system
Authors: Li Jing , Cui Yujiao , Zhu Shaotao
Published: December 2024

This article explores the dynamic behavior of a two-degree-of freedom dry friction coupled vibration system. By constructing a generalized Poincaré map and obtaining the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of invariant cone in the system, the linearization principle of Poincaré map is equivalently replaced by the study of a global monodromy matrix. Based on the Floquet theory, the stability of the invariant cone consists of periodic orbits is proved, and the bifurcation phenomenon and persistence of the invariant cone under parameter changes are explored. The distribution configuration of the trajectory is given through numerical simulation, verifying the accuracy of the theory. This provides a theoretical basis for parameter optimization and vibration control of high-dimensional dry friction vibration systems in practical engineering applications.
Numerical investigation of the Klein-Gordon and sine-Gordon equations using the Christov expansion
Authors: Christou M A
Published: December 2024

The numerical interactions of solitary waves given by the Klein-Gordon and sine-Gordon equations are demonstrated. To do that we apply the “Christov expansion method”, which is a Galerking type expansion. The Christov expansion is based on the Christov functions which are functions that form a complete orthonormal set of functions on L
2(−∞, ∞) that allow us to expand derivatives, nonlinear products back into the same basis. Here we show how can implement this method to solitary wave equations that form kink or anti-kink type of solutions. We also show how can speed up the algorithms by rewriting the expressions for the nonlinear terms more efficiently. To this end we need to mention that the numerical integration is performed using a Crank–Nicolson type scheme. Our results are in a very good agreement with other published works.
Noise as a Factor of Useful Signal Amplification Based on the Effect of Stochastic Resonance
Authors: Kharchenko Oksana , Kovacheva Zlatinka , Chumakov Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The effect of stochastic resonance is investigated. The principles of the effect are considered on the basis of a Brownian particle moving in a system with a symmetric bistable potential. Different from the widely existing noise elimination methods, stochastic resonance enables a new method to utilize the energy of noises, nonlinear system, and signal frequency to reach certain weak signal enhancement effects that noise elimination cannot perform well. The presence of noise at the input of nonlinear systems possessing the effect of the stochastic resonance allows to stand out a weak signal from an additive mixture with white Gaussian noise. The equation and structural scheme of stochastic resonance are considered The conditions for the occurrence of stochastic resonance are formulated and the determining role of noise variance in the realization of this effect is shown. For the first time, a numerical calculation of standing out of harmonic oscillation from an additive mixture with white Gaussian noise based on the stochastic resonance effect is carried out. The output signal-to-noise ratio dependence of the stochastic resonator on the intensity of input noise and the input signal frequency is investigated. The frequency dependencies of the output signal are investigated and the components of this signal are analysed. It is shown that the stochastic resonator acts as a low-pass filter and reduces the output noise level. Numerical modelling of the stochastic resonance effect also shows that the output signal of the stochastic resonator contains odd harmonics of the input oscillation, which is characteristic of nonlinear systems. It is shown that the stochastic resonance effect can be widely used in radio engineering and telecommunications to amplify the useful signal.
Effect of Combined Carbon Nano Tubes and Graphene Oxide on the High-Volume Fly Ash Mortar Properties
Authors: Senin Syahrul Fithry , Maizuar  , Khairullah  , Usrina Nura , Desmi Adzuha , Bahri Syamsul , Phoenna Nabila
Published: December 2024

Effect of combined carbon nano tubes (CNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) on the high-volume fly ash mortar (HVFAM) properties was presented in this paper. The characteristic of HVFAM mixes were first evaluated using slump flow tests. Then, mechanical properties and microstructure of HVFAM were performed. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microstructure of HVFAM. A high-volume fly ash was taken as 60% cement replacement. Mortar specimens were produced by adding the combined 0.01% CNTs and GO contents of 0.01% - 0.05% using cement to water ratio of 0.46. The results of study showed that the combined CNTs and GO have substantial impact on the properties of HVFAM. It was further confirmed that adding the combined CNTs and GO cause the microstructure of HVFAM mixes become more compact and the pores that develop become smaller. In such a way, the bridging effect of combined CNTs and GO have successfully reduced the growth and formation of cracks that could led to an increase in the HVFAM performance.
Soil Nailing Application for Railways Track Safety on Slope Area
Authors: Pinuji Ismoyo , Dewi Puspita , Puspitasari Armyta , Widiastuti Septiana
Published: December 2024

Railways track at KM 25+100 - KM 25+200 from Jember to Banyuwangi is constructed next to slope area with inclination angle 69°. As railways track mapping report, this area is categorized as a high-potential landslide area that can harm train travel. By using soil nailing method with threaded steel and embedded into the soil for grouting, slope stabilization be improved. Undisturbed soil sampling on 1.5 m depth was carried out and tested to determine soil parameters. Based on the USCS soil classification, the soil at the site is an organic clay with high plasticity. Soil parameters are used to calculate the slope safety factor before and after soil nailing application with the best reinforcement design. By utilizing Plaxis 2D CE V20 Bentley software and manual calculations with the bishop method for comparison, the potential landslide before reinforcement resulted a safety factor value of 1.198 by using Plaxis and 0.97 by calculated manually. Some soil nailing reinforcement planning design is obtained and resulted that soil nailing design with diameter 29 mm, slope angle application on 20° with distance between nail bar at 1m, and nail length 9m have best safety factor value at 1.548. With the best design and >1.5 SF value, the soil nailing design is safe against landslides risk.
The Effect of Discharge, Sediment Transport, Tidal and Land Subsidence in The River Flood Risk Management: Case Study of Sayung River
Authors: Nugroho Eka Oktariyanto , Pranatan Angga Yoga , Soekarno Indratmo , Moerwanto Arie Setiadi , Wulandari Siska , Nurkhaerani Fatma , Syakira Hana , Sadat Sayed Hashmat
Published: December 2024

Indonesia’s extensive coastline and tropical climate make it highly vulnerable to flooding, particularly in coastal regions like the Sayung River in Central Java. This study focuses on flood drivers such as land subsidence, sedimentation, and tidal factors, which have caused severe damage to areas like Semarang and Demak. Three analyses were conducted: the first employed an unsteady flow model with upstream discharge (Q25) and downstream tidal input. The second used a quasi-unsteady flow model with daily discharge and tidal input. The third was a 2D simulation predicting conditions for the 10th, 20th, and 50th years, factoring in tides, subsidence, sea level rise, and sedimentation. Sediment control measures for the 10th year include embankment construction and channel maintenance, while medium- and long-term solutions involve implementing a polder system with a weir, spillway, reservoir (+4.85 million m3), and pump capacity (+52.45 m3/s). These integrated approaches provide critical insights for flood management in coastal regions threatened by climate change and land degradation.
Utilization of Cloud Computing for Water Quality Monitoring in the Northern Waters of Aceh
Authors: Suciati Nasah , Haditiar Yudi , Lacroix Geneviève , Haridhi Haekal Azief , Octavina Chitra , Ulfah Maria , Nanda Muhammad , Setiawan Ichsan
Published: December 2024

Managing marine geographic information systems is crucial, especially with climate change and the rise of spatial big data. Cloud-based geospatial systems are essential for stakeholders needing quick decision-making in marine conservation. This study examines the capabilities of Google Earth Engine (GEE) in analyzing sea surface quality in the northern waters of Aceh (NWA). The results show GEE can access remote sensing datasets and reanalysis models to map temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll-a. Annual trends reveal lower salinity near the Malacca Strait and higher levels in the Indian Ocean and Andaman Sea. GEE supports proactive coastal ecosystem management, emphasizing the role of geospatial technology in marine conservation and civil engineering for climate-resilient coastal development.
Integrating Building Information Modelling (BIM) for improved assessment and seismic evaluation of existing buildings: a case study
Authors: Ulza Adrian , Kesuma Putra Aulia , Hilal Iin Shabrina , Rahmad Aulia , Cut Fatmawati TA , Ardika Jumelia , Meilinda Iqra Mona
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a project case study on the seismic evaluation of an existing office building in Aceh, Indonesia, originally constructed in 1994 and having survived the 2004 Aceh earthquake and tsunami. The study explores the integration of traditional and modern survey techniques with Building Information Modelling (BIM). Given the limitations of older seismic codes and the challenges in evaluating existing structures, this research highlights the importance of utilizing advanced digital technologies, such as LiDAR and ground-penetrating radar (GPR), in conjunction with BIM. Within a span of three weeks, the project team developed a comprehensive digital model of the building, enabling detailed structural analysis to identify vulnerabilities that might compromise its seismic resilience. The paper discusses the methodologies applied, the building’s seismic performance, and the financial implications of proposed retrofitting strategies. The integration of BIM significantly enhanced project coordination, accelerated delivery, and improved documentation accuracy. This study highlights the advantages of adopting BIM to overcome challenges in evaluating existing structures and highlights the need for increased awareness and training in evolving standards to ensure the safety of older buildings in earthquake-prone regions.
Moving Beyond Diesel Generators: Exploring Renewable Backup Alternatives for Data Centers
Authors: Kambhampati Viswambher , Dobbelsteen Andy van den , Schild Joep
Published: December 2024

This study investigates sustainable alternatives to diesel generators for data centre backup power, focusing on renewable diesel (HVO), Hydrogen energy storage (HES), batteries (Lithium-ion and Sodium Sulfur) and Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES). As environmental scrutiny of data centres grows, the need for cleaner energy sources intensifies. Our research assesses various storage technologies’ energy performance metrics, environmental impacts, and economic feasibility. HVO is a seamless substitute for conventional diesel, compatible with existing infrastructure and less carbon-intensive. CAES offers lower life cycle emissions and operational costs but is geographically dependent. While currently more costly, batteries could achieve better economics with increased operational hours. However, extending the backup duration increases their capital and operating costs significantly, which is less advantageous than other technologies, where only fuel costs increase with longer backup times. For existing data centres transitioning to sustainable energy, HVO is optimal; for new facilities, CAES is ideal if geography allows, with HES as a robust alternative. This analysis offers a pathway for data centres to adopt sustainable, cost-effective energy storage solutions and reduce carbon footprints through on-site renewables or green energy procurement.
Phenological and Spectral Unmixing-Based Identification of Corn Cultivars in Tuban Regency, Indonesia: An Analysis of Sentinel-2 and MODIS Data
Authors: Stefani Olivia , Muhamad Jaelani Lalu , Sumargana Lena
Published: December 2024

In Indonesia, monitoring and mapping corn growth are crucial to promote the implementation of the Government Corn Reserve (CJP) as an alternative for improving national corn management. East Java is the highest corn producer in Indonesia, with Tuban Regency leading the production. According to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) in 2024, corn production reached 788,477 tons by 2023. The advancement of technology in the food sector has led to the production of various corn cultivars, such as NK-6172, NK-212, and NK-7328, each with different traits and yields. Therefore, information on corn cultivars is important for predicting the harvest area of corn. Until now, the monitoring of the area and growth of corn in Indonesia has been conventional, requiring considerable time and high costs. Remote sensing technology can be utilized to monitor corn growth and distribution. Linear Spectral Unmixing can identify the distribution of corn areas for each cultivar, where phenology data are used for the date selection of Sentinel-2 satellite images. The results obtained from this study include the corn field area, corn growth phenology, endmember fraction of corn cultivars, and the area of dominant corn cultivars in the research area. The percentages of the dominant cultivars obtained were as follows: NK-6172 at 80.97%, NK-7328 at 15.55%, and NK-212 at 3.48%.
Analysis of 3D Modeling Using LiDAR Velodyne for Tree Inventory Using the LIO-SAM Method
Authors: Adi Triawan Luki , Kurniawan Akbar , Budi Raharjo Agus , Saptarini Dian
Published: December 2024

LiDAR technology has become increasingly popular for tree inventory, particularly when combined with techniques like LiDAR Inertial Odometry and Mapping, or LIO-SAM. LIO-SAM method of 3D modeling analysis for tree inventory using LiDAR is the main topic of this study. Planting trees is one way to lower the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, but doing so requires precise assessments of the trees’ architecture. LiDAR technology overcomes the spatial resolution constraints of satellite photography to enable very accurate three-dimensional modeling of real things. Since tiny LiDAR devices like TLS and Backpack are quite costly, this method was created as a workaround. The Ublox F9R GNSS receiver, Pixhawk orange IMU sensor, and Velodyne vlp 16 LiDAR sensor are the sensors that are used. Accurate point cloud creation is achieved via the LIO-SAM technique, which is subsequently converted into a 3D model of the trees. The precise measurement of tree dimensions required for numerous environmental and forest management applications is made possible by this research’s use of LiDAR. The outcomes demonstrate that the LIO-SAM approach offers excellent 3D modeling accuracy with a minimal average point cloud alignment error. The findings of georeferencing have an RMSE of less than one meter. Furthermore, a robust association has been shown between ground-truth data and 3D modeling outcomes obtained using this approach. The findings of this study can help with efforts to mitigate climate change and improve the management of forests.
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Prediction Using BP-RNN From GPS-Derived Precipitable Water Vapor and Surface Meteorological Data
Authors: Chabibi F F , Putri N S E , Wijaya D D
Published: December 2024

Tropical cyclones frequently threaten tropical coastal areas, making accurate prediction vital. While cyclone track forecasting has improved, predicting cyclone intensity remains challenging. This study uses precipitable water vapor (PWV) and other surface meteorological data to predict wind intensity during tropical cyclone Seroja in southern Indonesia. Data from two GPS stations, CKUP and CRTE, near the cyclone’s path, were analyzed. We employed neural network (NN) algorithms to model nonlinear relationships between variables, utilizing backpropagation to minimize error. The NN was fed with time series data across various hour window sizes (0h, 6h, 9h, and 12h), under the assumption that current parameters influence future conditions. Independent variables included PWV, ZTD, partial pressure of water vapor, temperature, and air pressure, with additional attributes implemented in multiple scenarios. Two years of data (2019-2020) were used to train the model, and wind velocities were estimated during cyclone Seroja. At CKUP, scenario 1 with a 9h window size achieved a probability of detection (POD) of 89% and a critical success index (CSI) of 84%. At CRTE, scenario 4 with a 6h window size achieved a POD of 73% and a CSI of 55%. The root mean square error for predicted wind speed was 1.32 m/s at CKUP and 2.08 m/s at CRTE. This study demonstrates the potential of integrating GPS and meteorological data to enhance cyclone intensity prediction, especially in cyclone-prone regions like Indonesia, offering a valuable contribution to local and global disaster preparedness.
Selogriyo Temple Deformation Mapping in Three Dimensions (3D) Multitemporal Using Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) Technology
Authors: Prasetyo Yudo , Maulana Ashar Wira , Hadi Firman , Bashit Nurhadi
Published: December 2024

Historical buildings such as the Selogriyo Temple are an important part of Indonesia’s cultural heritage. This temple is vulnerable to risks such as environmental changes, seismic shocks, changes in load, and natural aging, which can cause structural deformation. This research aims to analyze the deformation of Selogriyo Temple through multitemporal 3D modeling and highlights the importance of better mapping methods to monitor the deformation of historical buildings. Mapping was carried out using Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) technology to produce 3D deformation analysis using the surface-to-surface method, which was tied to coordinates from GNSS measurements using Total Station Reflectorless (X and Y) and waterpass/leveling (Z). This research also includes the development of more accurate and efficient measurement techniques and the promotion of modern TLS technology. The results include the 3D model of Selogriyo Temple for the second epoch and the surface-to-surface method deformation model, showing measurement accuracy with a distance similarity value of 99.70% compared to the Total Station tool and 99.73% compared to the steel meter. The 3D model has RMSE coordinate X of 0.012 m, Y of 0.0099 m, and Z of 0.005 m. Multitemporal deformation analysis was tested using the T-test at the 95% confidence level, showing an average shift of 0.000332 with a standard deviation of 0.0097. The results of the one-sample T-test show a t-statistic of 0.1869, lower than the critical value of t at the significance level α = 0.05, which indicates the statistical insignificance of the shift. Based on the second epoch 3D modeling, the slope of Selogriyo Temple is still relatively light with a value of 0-1°.
The evaluation of Spatial Planning for Flood Disasters using Sentinel-1 Satellite Imagery (Case Study: Central Java Province)
Authors: Pangi P. , Lan Bagja Izzatur , Budiati Lilin , Prasetyaning Sukmawati Dian
Published: December 2024

Flood disasters are an aspect of spatial planning. The current flood data is in the form of tabular data and point locations. Meanwhile, spatial data in the form of maps of inundation or flood areas is not widely available. Utilization of Sentinel-1 imagery can be used for flood mapping. The analysis results from previous research show that flood data from Sentinel-1 image processing can depict flood inundation areas in a region. This research aims to evaluate spatial planning in Central Java Province against flood disasters. The location of this research is focused on the north coast of Central Java province (PANTURA). The method used to map floods using Sentinel-1 imagery is the Change Detection and Thresholding (CDAT) method. The method for evaluating spatial planning with flood disasters is the map overlay method. The results of this study show that all districts in PANTURA experienced flood disasters in 2017 and 2024. Pati Regency is the district with the highest flood inundation area. Demak Regency is the district with the fastest increase in flood area. The Land Use Plan in the Central Java Provincial RTRW that experienced the most extensive inundation is the fisheries cultivation area. The area with the highest vulnerability is the agricultural area, namely flood inundation increased by 800 hectares over 6 years. Based on the analysis results, it is recommended that the Central Java Provincial RTRW be revised to include areas that are vulnerable to flood inundation.
Identification of Types and Thickness Layers of Seabed Sediments
Authors: Maulana Akbar Rifky , Aldila Syariz Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The sea toll program is one of the developments in the water sector that has a major influence on the areas it passes through. The sea highway acts as sea transportation that is carried out regularly and connects various ports in the territory of Indonesia. With the sea highway, there will be increased activity in the port area which will certainly increase the risk of shipping safety. This encourages periodic mapping and identification to reduce shipping risks that can occur. One of the activities to conduct mapping and identification is by hydrographic survey. There are many acoustic instruments that can be used for mapping the bottom of the water, in this study a sub-bottom profiler and side scan sonar were used. From the results of the study, the depth in the Berlian Terminal dock pool area ranges from 3.1 to 13 meters. The average thickness of the sediment layer from each survey lane is 1.01 m, 0.93 m, 1.41 m, 1.20 m, 1.37 m, 1.86 m, 1.15 m. The results of side scan sonar processing of the seafloor image interpretation produced several features consisting of pitted seafloor, ship grounding, and dredged areas. The distribution of sediment types was successfully classified into three classes consisting of silty clay, silty loam, and silty sand. This result is supported by sediment sampling which shows that the majority of sediment types in the study area was silty.
Spatio-temporal Analysis of Total Suspended Solids Concentration in Porong River Estuary using Sentinel-2 Satellite Imageries
Authors: Bagus Kirmandi Muhammad , Aldila Syariz Muhammad , Qomariyah Lailatul , Heriza Dewinta , Van Nguyen Manh , Garda Denaro Lino
Published: December 2024

The Sidoarjo Mudflow has been channelled into Porong River since its firstly occurred in 2006. The mud endangers the river not only physically due to sedimentation, but also biologically due to mud contamination. Therefore, monitoring of water quality both spatial- and temporally is important to ensure the life below water in the river. The main water indicator for mud is total suspended solid (TSS) which was further used in this study. The TSS concentration was modelled using a simple linear regression and estimated by utilizing Sentinel-2 imageries with limited amount of in-situ water samples. The model was then compared to existing related models quantitatively by means of root mean squared error (RMSE) and normalized mean absolute error (NMAE). The results showed that the stepwise evaluation extracts vegetation red edge band (band 8A) of Sentinel 2 with central wavelength of 865 nm as the best regressor. After the implementation, the model outperforms the existing models with RMSE of 10.893 mg/L.
Sample Size Comparison in Area-Based Image Matching: Cross-Correlation and Mean Relative Gray Value Difference
Authors: Amanina Nabilah , Hariyanto Teguh
Published: December 2024

Geospatial information is data about a specific location with geographic coordinates that can be collected, modified, and displayed in real-time. Geospatial data can be collected through field surveys and aerial photogrammetry. Aerial photos and Digital Elevation Models are the raw results of aerial photography. An orthophoto is a photograph that shows an object in its true orthographic position. The production of orthophotos involves a process that produces stereo images through image matching using various methods. In this research, area-based and feature-based image matching are performed. For area-based image matching, sample sizes of 9×9, 15×15, and 33×33 pixels and two correlation equations were used: Cross-correlation and Mean Relative Grey Difference. Image matching results between samples from the right and left photographs were compared based on the resulting correlation values. From the data processing, area-based image matching with a sample size of 33×33 gives the best results that high Cross-Correlation values and low MRGVD values indicate strong image matching accuracy, especially for images with many details and variations. Thus, the combination of cross-correlation and MRGVD metrics provides an effective and comprehensive analysis for image matching.
Interactive Dashboard for Visualization and Analysis of Landcover Change and Land/Forest Fire
Authors: Adrianto Hari A. , Sitanggang Imas S. , Akbar Auriza R. , Neyman Shelvie N. , Azhim Muhammad F.
Published: December 2024

The study of the earth’s surface is important because it has a major influence on the environment, economy and quality of human life. Land change can occur naturally or due to human activities for settlement, agricultural activities, forest development, and water body development. Currently, land data can be obtained through remote sensing technology such as geographic information systems (GIS) and satellite imagery, but there is no interactive tool that shows land change over time. The purpose of this research is to create an interactive dashboard to visualize and analyze annual or specific period land change data according to user needs. The dashboard is created using the Shiny package available in the R programming language. The research results in an interactive dashboard with features to select the type of graph to be displayed, select the type of land, and select the annual time range. Testing with black box user acceptance testing shows that the developed system has successfully met the expected needs.