bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Right of the Consumer to Protect Personal Data and its Implementation
Authors: Surkov A. N. , Ustinov V. D.
Published: January 2024

Relevance.  The article discusses ways to protect the personal data of the consumer as their subject. It is noted that the risk of violation of the rights of this category of citizens has increased significantly in the era of digitalization. Legislative novelties proposed by the scientific community concerning the recognition of personal data as a personal non-property good are analyzed. Based on the generalization of judicial practice, approaches to assessing the illegality of processing, distribution or use of other people's personal data in decisions on claims for recognition of such actions as violating the provisions of civil legislation are shown.

The purpose of the study is to supplement scientific knowledge about ways to protect consumer personal data and improve the quality of law enforcement practice when considering claims in cases of this category.

Objectives: to analyze the practice of the Constitutional, Supreme Courts of the Russian Federation, courts of general jurisdiction in cases of consumer personal data protection and to identify problems related to the implementation of this right.

Methodology. When writing the work, methods of analysis and synthesis, system-analytical, documentary and formal legal methods were used.

The results of the study are theoretical and applied in nature and are aimed at finding optimal solutions for the effective implementation of the consumer's right to personal data protection. The issue of legislative recognition of a person's personal data as a personal intangible good is raised in order to ensure proper restoration of violated rights.

The conclusions made in the article, as well as the proposals made, are aimed at continuing scientific developments on the stated topic, are of a debatable nature and allow for a uniform way to resolve problems arising in the implementation of the consumer's right to personal data protection.

Conclusion and proposals are aimed at continuing scientific developments on the stated topic, are of a debatable nature and allow solving problems arising in the implementation of the consumer's right to personal data protection in a uniform way.
The Notion of Image Schemas in Kurdish Proverbs
Authors: Mustafa Kobeen R. , Hamawand Zeki S. Ali
Published: January 2024

This study examines the notion of image schemas in selected Kurdish proverbs. As used in Cognitive Semantics, image schemas refer to conceptual structures that represent recurring patterns in our experience of the physical and psychological world. They are abstract concepts consisting of patterns emerging from repeated instances of embodied experience. Examples of image schemas include CONTAINER, PATH, FORCE, SCALE and CYCLE schemas. Applied to Kurdish proverbs, it is argued that image schemas serve as the basis for organizing knowledge and reasoning about the world. They are derived from concrete physical experiences that are projected onto abstract concepts. The aim of the study then is to show how image schemas provide the basis for richly detailed lexical concepts. One interesting finding is that image schemas arise directly from sensory and perceptual experience. They are functions of Kurdish speakers’ everyday interaction with and observation of the world around them.
Timely Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis Based on the Epidemiological Disease Spectrum: Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Ko Yousang , Park Jae Seuk , Min Jinsoo , Kim Hyung Woo , Koo Hyeon-Kyoung , Oh Jee Youn , Jeong Yun-Jeong , Lee Eunhye , Yang Bumhee , Kim Ju Sang , Lee Sung-Soon , Kwon Yunhyung , Yang Jiyeon , Han Ji yeon , Jang You Jin , Kim Jinseob
Published: January 2024

Background

Timely pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) diagnosis is a global health priority for interrupting transmission and optimizing treatment outcomes. The traditional dichotomous time-divided approach for addressing time delays in diagnosis has limited clinical application because the time delay significantly varies depending on each community in question.

Objective

We aimed to reevaluate the diagnosis time delay based on the PTB disease spectrum using a novel scoring system that was applied at the national level in the Republic of Korea.

Methods

The Pulmonary Tuberculosis Spectrum Score (PTBSS) was developed based on previously published proposals related to the disease spectrum, and its validity was assessed by examining both all-cause and PTB-related mortality. In our analysis, we integrated the PTBSS into the Korea Tuberculosis Cohort Registry. We evaluated various time delays, including patient, health care, and overall delays, and their system-associated variables in line with each PTBSS. Furthermore, we reclassified the scores into distinct categories of mild (PTBSS=0-1), moderate (PBTBSS=2-3), and severe (PBTBSS=4-6) using a multivariate regression approach.

Results

Among the 14,031 Korean patients with active PTB whose data were analyzed from 2018 to 2020, 37% (n=5191), 38% (n=5328), and 25% (n=3512) were classified as having a mild, moderate, and severe disease status, respectively, according to the PTBSS. This classification can therefore reflect the disease spectrum of PTB by considering the correlation of the score with mortality. The time delay patterns differed according to the PTBSS. In health care delays according to the PTBSS, greater PTB disease progression was associated with a shorter diagnosis period, since the condition is microbiologically easy to diagnose. However, with respect to patient delays, the change in elapsed time showed a U-shaped pattern as PTB progressed. This means that a remarkable patient delay in the real-world setting might occur at both apical ends of the spectrum (ie, in both mild and severe cases of PTB). Independent risk factors for a severe PTB pattern were age (adjusted odds ratio 1.014) and male sex (adjusted odds ratio 1.422), whereas no significant risk factor was found for mild PTB.

Conclusions

Timely PTB diagnosis should be accomplished. This can be improved with use of the PTBSS, a simple and intuitive scoring system, which can be more helpful in clinical and public health applications compared to the traditional dichotomous time-only approach.
Improving Behavioral-Based Safety Training in Using Verbal Commands Through a Theory-Driven and Feedback-Based Nonimmersive Virtual Reality Game: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Atagbuzia Chukwudiebube , Ng Ean H , Natarajan Ganapathy
Published: January 2024

Background

The construction, chemical, aviation, medical, and health care industries have used serious games for safety training. To our knowledge, serious games have not been developed focusing on behavioral change to improve safety through the use of verbal commands and instilling players with heightened awareness of their spatial proximity to other people in their surroundings.

Objective

We aimed to develop a theory-driven serious game for improving safety behavior using verbal commands and validate the implementation of the theoretical frameworks used for game development. The game developed, KitchenSpeak, was a first-person character (FPC) game where users respond to in-game prompts to use loud verbal commands when they are approaching another employee’s blind spot.

Methods

In addition to using the SERES framework in guiding the general game design and development, and the Reflection, Engagement, Choice, Information, Play, Exposition (RECIPE) framework to inform the design of the game mechanics, we also applied gestalt laws of perception for graphic design to guide the design of the game’s user interface. We conducted 2 evaluative tests (alpha and beta) to collect end user and stakeholder feedback on the implementation of the theoretical frameworks, as well as to collect relevant information for full-scale implementation and a future validation study.

Results

The alpha and beta tests had 8 and 40 participants, respectively. The alpha test results revealed that the theoretical frameworks were adequately applied; however, suggestions were also made to modify and improve the game. The beta test results suggested further improvements for the game design and found no differences in the perception of ease of play between participants with and without previous FPC gaming experience (P=.47; Kruskal-Wallis). Results suggested that the game met its design and theoretical requirements, and it would be easily playable by all players regardless of their previous experience in FPC games.

Conclusions

A theory-driven and evidence-based FPC game titled KitchenSpeak was developed to teach the use of kitchen-speak terms in commercial kitchens. Evaluative tests were conducted to validate the implementation of the theoretical frameworks. Our main contributions are creating and validating game-based training to improve behavioral-based safety in the workplace and the incorporation of gestalt laws of perception for graphic design in the game’s user interface.
Effectiveness of a Smartphone App (Heia Meg) in Improving Decisions About Nutrition and Physical Activity: Prospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Olsen Christine , Lungu Daniel Adrian
Published: January 2024

Background

Obesity is a prevalent and serious chronic condition associated with abnormal or excessive fat buildup that poses significant health risks. The rates of overweight and obesity in adults and children continue to rise, with global rates of children with overweight or obesity aged 5-19 years growing from 4% to 18% between 1975 and 2016. Furthermore, in 2017, nearly 4 million people died due to complications arising from being overweight or obese.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the potential impact of the mobile app Heia Meg on promoting healthier lifestyle choices regarding nutrition and physical activity.

Methods

A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in collaboration with the Norwegian Directorate of Health. Participants were recruited through the Heia Meg app and were asked to complete a questionnaire before and after using the app. A total of 199 responses were included in the first (preintervention) questionnaire, while 99 valid responses were obtained in the second (postintervention) questionnaire.

Results

The majority (159/199, 79.9%) of participants were female, and their age ranged from 18 years to 70 years and older. The results show a reduction in BMI after the digital intervention. However, some variables influence the BMI reduction effect: sex, age, education, and smoking. The group that obtained the most benefit from the intervention consisted of those who were male, aged 30-39 years, highly educated, and nonsmokers. Although positive, some of the findings are slightly above the statistical significance threshold and therefore should be interpreted carefully.

Conclusions

Our study found weak evidence to support the effectiveness of the Heia Meg app in promoting healthier lifestyle choices. However, limitations and confounding factors suggest that further research in different populations with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm or disprove our findings.
Acceptability of Mobile App–Based Motivational Interviewing and Preferences for App Features to Support Self-Management in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Qualitative Study
Authors: Yoon Sungwon , Tang Haoming , Tan Chao Min , Phang Jie Kie , Kwan Yu Heng , Low Lian Leng
Published: January 2024

Background

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experience multiple barriers to improving self-management. Evidence suggests that motivational interviewing (MI), a patient-centered communication method, can address patient barriers and promote healthy behavior. Despite the value of MI, existing MI studies predominantly used face-to-face or phone-based interventions. With the growing adoption of smartphones, automated MI techniques powered by artificial intelligence on mobile devices may offer effective motivational support to patients with T2DM.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the perspectives of patients with T2DM on the acceptability of app-based MI in routine health care and collect their feedback on specific MI module features to inform our future intervention.

Methods

We conducted semistructured interviews with patients with T2DM, recruited from public primary care clinics. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo.

Results

In total, 33 patients with T2DM participated in the study. Participants saw MI as a mental reminder to increase motivation and a complementary care model conducive to self-reflection and behavior change. Yet, there was a sense of reluctance, mainly stemming from potential compromise of autonomy in self-care by the introduction of MI. Some participants felt confident in their ability to manage conditions independently, while others reported already making changes and preferred self-management at their own pace. Compared with in-person MI, app-based MI was viewed as offering a more relaxed atmosphere for open sharing without being judged by health care providers. However, participants questioned the lack of human touch, which could potentially undermine a patient-provider therapeutic relationship. To sustain motivation, participants suggested more features of an ongoing supportive nature such as the visualization of milestones, gamified challenges and incremental rewards according to achievements, tailored multimedia resources based on goals, and conversational tools that are interactive and empathic.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest the need for a hybrid model of intervention involving both app-based automated MI and human coaching. Patient feedback on specific app features will be incorporated into the module development and tested in a randomized controlled trial.
Innovative Solutions for Patients Who Undergo Craniectomy: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Fernandez Laura L , Griswold Dylan , Khun Isla , Rodriguez De Francisco Diana Victoria
Published: January 2024

Background

Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a widely used procedure to alleviate high intracranial pressure. Multidisciplinary teams have designed and implemented external medical prototypes to improve patient life quality and avoid complications following DC in patients awaiting cranioplasty (CP), including 3D printing and plaster prototypes when available.

Objective

This scoping review aims to understand the extent and type of evidence about innovative external prototypes for patients who undergo DC while awaiting CP.

Methods

This scoping review will use the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. This scoping review will include noninvasive medical devices for adult patients who undergo DC while waiting for CP. The search strategy will be implemented in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scielo, Scopus, and the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Index Medicus. Patent documents were also allocated in Espacenet, Google Patents, and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) database.

Results

This scoping review is not subject to ethical approval as there will be no involvement of patients. The dissemination plan includes publishing the review findings in a peer-reviewed journal and presenting results at conferences that engage the most pertinent stakeholders in innovation and neurosurgery.

Conclusions

This scoping review will serve as a baseline to provide evidence for multidisciplinary teams currently designing these noninvasive innovations to reduce the risk of associated complications after DC, hoping that more cost-effective models can be implemented, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/50647
Using EpiCore to Enable Rapid Verification of Potential Health Threats: Illustrated Use Cases and Summary Statistics
Authors: Divi Nomita , Mantero Jaś , Libel Marlo , Leal Neto Onicio , Schultheiss Marinanicole , Sewalk Kara , Brownstein John , Smolinski Mark
Published: January 2024

Background

The proliferation of digital disease-detection systems has led to an increase in earlier warning signals, which subsequently have resulted in swifter responses to emerging threats. Such highly sensitive systems can also produce weak signals needing additional information for action. The delays in the response to a genuine health threat are often due to the time it takes to verify a health event. It was the delay in outbreak verification that was the main impetus for creating EpiCore.

Objective

This paper describes the potential of crowdsourcing information through EpiCore, a network of voluntary human, animal, and environmental health professionals supporting the verification of early warning signals of potential outbreaks and informing risk assessments by monitoring ongoing threats.

Methods

This paper uses summary statistics to assess whether EpiCore is meeting its goal to accelerate the time to verification of identified potential health events for epidemic and pandemic intelligence purposes from around the world. Data from the EpiCore platform from January 2018 to December 2022 were analyzed to capture request for information response rates and verification rates. Illustrated use cases are provided to describe how EpiCore members provide information to facilitate the verification of early warning signals of potential outbreaks and for the monitoring and risk assessment of ongoing threats through EpiCore and its utilities.

Results

Since its launch in 2016, EpiCore network membership grew to over 3300 individuals during the first 2 years, consisting of professionals in human, animal, and environmental health, spanning 161 countries. The overall EpiCore response rate to requests for information increased by year between 2018 and 2022 from 65.4% to 68.8% with an initial response typically received within 24 hours (in 2022, 94% of responded requests received a first contribution within 24 h). Five illustrated use cases highlight the various uses of EpiCore.

Conclusions

As the global demand for data to facilitate disease prevention and control continues to grow, it will be crucial for traditional and nontraditional methods of disease surveillance to work together to ensure health threats are captured earlier. EpiCore is an innovative approach that can support health authorities in decision-making when used complementarily with official early detection and verification systems. EpiCore can shorten the time to verification by confirming early detection signals, informing risk-assessment activities, and monitoring ongoing events.
Internet-based Sexual Health Survey: Protocol for Data Verification and Respondent Validity (Preprint)
Authors: Parker Jayelin N. , Rager Theresa L. , Burns Jade , Mmeje Okeoma
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

As technology continues to shape the landscape of health research, the utilization of online surveys for collecting sexual health information among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) has become increasingly prevalent. However, this shift towards digital platforms brings forth a new set of challenges, particularly the infiltration of automated bots that can compromise data integrity and the reliability of survey results.

OBJECTIVE

To outline the data verification process used in our study design, which employed survey programming and data cleaning protocols.

METHODS

A 26-item survey was developed and programmed with several data integrity functions, including reCAPTCHA, RelevantID fraud and duplicate score, verification of IP addresses, and honeypot questions. Participants aged 15-24 years were recruited with social media advertisements over seven weeks and received a $15 incentive after survey completion. Data verification occurred through a two-part cleaning process, which removed responses that were incomplete, did not meet inclusion criteria, were flagged as spam by Qualtrics, or were from duplicate IP addresses. Final comparisons of reported age with date of birth and reported state with state inclusion criteria were performed. Participants who completed the study survey were linked to a second survey to receive their incentive. Responses without first and last names and full addresses were removed, as were those with duplicate IP addresses and/or the exact longitude and latitude coordinates. Finally, IP addresses used to complete both surveys were compared, and consistent responses were eligible for an incentive.

RESULTS

Over seven weeks, online advertisements for an internet-based survey reached 1.4 million social media users. Of the 20,585 survey responses received, 4,589 (22.3%) were verified. Incentives were sent to 462 participants; of these, 14 were duplicates and three contained discrepancies, resulting in a final sample of 445 respondents.

CONCLUSIONS

Confidential online surveys are an appealing method for reaching populations—particularly AYAs, who may be reluctant to disclose sensitive information to family, friends, and clinical providers. Despite the challenge of fraudulent responses, online surveys are a useful tool for researchers targeting hard-to-reach populations due to the difficulty in obtaining a representative sample. Researchers face the ongoing threat of bots and fraudulent responses in a technology-driven world, necessitating the adoption of evolving bot detection software and tailored protocols for data collection in unique contexts.

CLINICALTRIAL
ANALISIS PENGARUH BELANJA NEGARA TERHADAP INFLASI DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI
Authors: Widodo Slamet , Dahiri Dahiri
Published: January 2024

State expenditure continue to increase every year. The increasing number is expected to boost the economic growth. However, it can not be ascertained whether it has a positive or negative influence to economic growth. They depends on government policy. The results of the analysis explained that state expenditure has one way effects to economic growth and inflation.
PENGUATAN KAPASITAS KEUANGAN NEGARA MELALUI REVISI UU PENGELOLAAN PNBP
Authors: Mauleny Ariesy Tri
Published: January 2024

One of the government’s duties and functions in the state finance is the management of state revenue as a source of development financing. Efforts to maintain fiscal stability through increased state revenues have not been fully supported by optimal non-tax government revenue or so called locally as PNBP management. This can be seen from PNBP achievement which is still fluctuative and the correlation to the economic growth and the achievement of development indicators have not yet been shown added to the various problems that occurred in 20 years of PNBP management since the enactment of Law Number 20/1997 that demanded the completion of the Draft Law on PNBP Management. This makes this study interesting to be examined. The use of qualitative analysis and descriptive approach are expected to be able to describe the mapping of PNBP management’s problem comprehensively and to present strategic issues in the PNBP Management Bill discussion so that the strengthening of state finances can be achieved through PNBP management revision. The draft law existence on PNBP is also expected to provide legal clarity, legal certainty, legal enforceability and legal effectiveness for central and local government in manifesting decentralization that justify, effective and efficient. Discussion of PNBP’s draft law is to involve local government, which is the one that wil create PNBP and to focus on its mechanism of management.
DAMPAK PERUBAHAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 32 TAHUN 2004 KE UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2014 TERHADAP PENGALIHAN KEWENANGAN MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN MENENGAH
Authors: Yuriaty Jesly , Carolina Martha
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the government affairs concurrent in Act Nomor 23 year 2014 and its comparation with Act Nomor 32 year 2004 regarding The Authorities of Middle Education will be transferred From District To Province. This research used method of Qualitative Descriptive Research. The results showed The Authorities Transfer of Middle Education to Province will make impact in order to uniform middle education policy in Province, to lessen the work load in District and efficiency of region allocation budget (APBD). Yet, it can reduced the significance of autonomy that potentially disadvantageous the constitutional rights. Coordination amongst government needed thus mitigate the overlap in authorities/discrepancy between regions.
DAMPAK UTANG PEMERINTAH PUSAT TERHADAP KEBERLANJUTAN FISKAL INDONESIA PERIODE 1998-2017
Authors: Paramita Rastri , Panjaitan Jesly Yuriaty
Published: January 2024

Debt is a part of the government's fiscal policy which also being the part of the financial management policy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the Government Debt on fiscal sustainability during 1998-2017 and the impact of debt ratio, inflation, real interest rate dan real growth on primary balance. The study uses both qualitative and quantitative methods. The quantitative methods use accounting method and VECM method. The qualitative method uses debt ratio, primary balance ratio and debt service to income ratio. The result shows a fiscal unsustainability occurred in the periode 1998 – 2017 and there was a positive impact of debt ratio, inflation, real interest rate and real growth on primary balance. Government therefore needs to make an innovation in creating new income, to improve the quality of disbursement and to manage the debt more prudent.
PENGARUH DAU, DBH DAN DERAJAT DESENTRALISASI TERHADAP RUANG FISKAL PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN DAERAH TERTINGGAL
Authors: Widodo Slamet , Paramita Rastri
Published: January 2024

Considering the high level of dependence on transfer funds from the central government, underdeveloped regions need a separate policy approach that is not only based on capacity and fiskal needs alone, but also policies to cover all effort to increase the degree of decentralization of underdeveloped regions to manage their economy independently.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of General Allocation Funds (DAU), Revenue Sharing Funds (DBH) and Degrees of Decentralization on Fiskal Space Index in 112 underdeveloped regions for 2012-2016 period. Data used taken from BPS, the Ministry of Finance, and other relevant agencies. Analysis tools using Data Panel regression with Fixed Effect Model. The results of the analysis shows that all variables have a significant positive effect on fiskal space.
PENGARUH ANGGARAN PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA
Authors: Christianingrum Ratna
Published: January 2024

An evaluation was needed to see if there were significant changes to national development, after the implementation of article 31 of UUD 1945. This budget allocation is able to influence the education development in Indonesia, especially provision and equity of access to quality education. But the physical development carried out has not been followed by an increase in quality education services. A large education budget allocation is also not followed by an improvement in the quality of education.
POTENSI, TANTANGAN DAN DUKUNGAN ANGGARAN DALAM OPTIMALISASI LAHAN RAWA MENJADI SAWAH UNTUK KEDAULATAN PANGAN
Authors: Dahiri Dahiri
Published: January 2024

Availability of swamps is still very extensive to be developed into rice fields, because the total land that has been developed has only reached 1.8 million hectares or only reached 5.39 percent. The purpose of this study was to find out the potential, challenges, and budget support for the optimization of swamps into rice fields. The research methods used were exploratory and descriptive methods. The results of the study show that there was potential swamp land to be developed into rice fields. Macro waterways is a major factor in rice farming. Also, there was problem associated with the standard of construction costs. Therefore, the President as the head of government must ensure coordination and cooperation between the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Public Workd and Human Settlement in the swamp land optimization program to build macro channels. The two entities must be mutually coordinated so that macro and micro channels can be well-integrated. Secondly, the Government must change the standard construction costs for paddy fields that have been used so far because they do not reflect the characteristics and level of difficulty between regions. Standard costs obtained in intervals are minimum of Rp16.546.162 to a maximum Rp31.811.067.
ANALISIS DEFISIT KEMBAR DAN FELDSTEIN-HORIOKA PUZZLE DI INDONESIA
Authors: Paramita Rastri , Andini Mutiara Shinta
Published: January 2024

This study aims to empirically examine the twin deficit and Feldstein-Horioka puzzle in the case of Indonesia period 1972-2017 and main factor that affect current account deficit in Indonesia for the last ten years. Granger’s causality is used to know the influence of budget deficit against current account balance. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag-Error-Correction Model (ARDL-ECM) approaches are applied to estimate the long run and short run relationships. The estimation results that the budget deficit is not have impact on the current account deficit in Indonesia. Meanwhile, does not occur long run cointegration based on THE ARDL. ECM results that budget deficit and investment have a short term influence the current account deficit. Based on the ARDL-ECM results, it can be concluded that the theory of Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle in the period 1972-2017 proved to occur in Indonesia. The main factor that influences the current account balance in Indonesia generally is the increase in primary income payments due to financial transactions that are always surplus and will appear forwards as payments. The condition of the current account is sustainable in a weak form means financed by financial transactions needs to be wary of negative risks in the future. The Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Other Investments, and particularly the Portfolio Investments to prevent the occurrence of the risk of abrupt reversals which is crisis prone. So that the focus of the direction of government policy should be able to carry out stimulus to increase domestic direct investment, especially those are export oriented or substitute for domestic import needs and deepening the domestic financial market in portfolio sub-investments also other investments.
MEMAHAMI SEBARAN KINERJA PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA: STUDI NERACA PENDIDIKAN DAERAH
Authors: Nasution Marihot
Published: January 2024

This study examines the differences in the results of education development in Indonesia by differentiating these results by region. This is done to determine the weaknesses and weaknesses of each region so that subsequent development is directed to cover up existing weaknesses. The comparison of the regions is carried out by using the different test of the western and eastern regions on the performance of education development recorded in Neraca Pendidikan Daerah 2018/2019 published by the Ministry of Education and Culture. The results of the study note that educational performance in the western and eastern regions of Indonesia has a statistically significant difference. Especially in performance as measured by pure participation rates and national examination results at all levels of education tested. The eastern region has a weaker educational performance than the western region of Indonesia. This needs to be a concern for the government if it wants to reduce development inequality in the education sector.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP PRAKTIK PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Carolina Martha
Published: January 2024

This study uses agency theory that explains the difference of interests (agency problems) between principals and agents. To solve these difference of interests, it uses aggressive tax avoidance in order to optimize both interests. This study uses observation of secondary data obtained from the audited financial statements of manufacturing companies.The results showed that this study had passed classic assumption test. The F test shows that the independent variables jointly influence the dependent variable with significant value of 0,000. The t test results showed profitability (ROA) and leverage (DER) with each a significant value of 0,000; 0,870. Finally, the conclusion of this study shows that ROA variable (X1) affects tax avoidance (Y), ROA has a negative effect on tax avoidance. whereas DER variable (X2) has no effect on tax avoidance (Y).
Optimalisasi Penerimaan Laba Badan Usaha Milik Negara Sektor Perbankan Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan PNBP
Authors: Carolina Martha
Published: January 2024

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab belum memadainya pendapatan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) di sektor perbankan dan upaya pemerintah memperkuat badan usaha tersebut untuk meningkatkan Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak (PNBP). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa BUMN di bidang perbankan perlu meningkatkan kinerja keuangan untuk meningkatkan PNBP Barang Milik Negara (KND) yang Dipisahkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penelitian ini telah lolos uji asumsi klasik. Uji F menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap variabel dependen dengan nilai signifikan 0,000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa return on assets/ROA (X1) berpengaruh terhadap DPR (Y), dan ROA berpengaruh positif terhadap DPR. Sedangkan variabel rasio kecukupan modal/CAR (X2) berpengaruh terhadap DPR (Y). CAR berdampak positif bagi DPR. Realisasi PNBP KND tahun 2017/2018, 2018/2019, dan 2019/2020 selalu melebihi target Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak dari Kekayaan Negara yang Dipisahkan (PNBP KND).
Ketimpangan Antar Wilayah & Hubungannya dengan Belanja Pemerintah: Studi di Indonesia
Authors: Nasution Marihot
Published: January 2024

Kajian ini mengkaji perkembangan ketimpangan antar wilayah di Indonesia dari tahun 2010-2019. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengelompokkan menggunakan tipologi Klassen dan mengukur nilai pertidaksamaan menggunakan Indeks Williamson. Selain itu, hasil perhitungan ketimpangan diuji korelasinya dengan belanja pemerintah menurut jenisnya, yaitu belanja pegawai, belanja barang, belanja modal, belanja subsidi, belanja hibah, belanja bantuan sosial, dan transfer ke daerah.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipologi Klassen mengkategorikan 2 provinsi sebagai provinsi maju dan berkembang pesat/kuadran 1, yaitu DKI Jakarta dan Kepulauan Riau. Sedangkan 8 provinsi termasuk dalam kelompok provinsi yang dikategorikan tertinggal (kuadran 3). Untuk kelompok provinsi yang tergolong berkembang dengan pendapatan per kapita di atas rata-rata tetapi dengan pertumbuhan rendah dan berada pada kuadran 4 terdapat 5 provinsi dan provinsi lainnya (19 provinsi) yang termasuk dalam kuadran 2 yang pertumbuhannya tinggi tetapi PDB per kapita di bawah rata-rata. Sedangkan nilai ketimpangan yang diukur dengan indeks Williamson selama tahun 2010-2019 berada pada kisaran 0,70-0,76 yang mendekati angka 1, artinya Indonesia mengalami ketimpangan wilayah yang tinggi. Hasil pengujian korelasi variasi Indeks Williamson terhadap variasi belanja negara menunjukkan bahwa belanja pegawai, belanja barang, belanja modal, dan transfer ke daerah memiliki hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap indeks Williamson. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa belanja negara masih belum merata dan belum mampu mengangkat daerah yang pertumbuhannya rendah.
Disparitas Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia
Authors: Christianingrum Ratna
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pola dan struktur ekonomi provinsi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan tipologi Klassen. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat ketimpangan pada provinsi-provinsi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan Indeks Williamson. Penelitian ini menggunakan GDPR dari seluruh provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2018-2020. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar provinsi di Indonesia tergolong berpenghasilan tinggi dan pertumbuhan rendah. Selama pandemi, ada beberapa provinsi yang masuk dalam kategori low income dan low growth. Sektor tersier menopang perekonomian di provinsi-provinsi tersebut. Hal ini disebabkan adanya perubahan pola konsumsi dan penurunan daya beli di masa pandemi. Konsentrasi kegiatan ekonomi daerah dan investasi menjadi penyebab tingginya ketimpangan di Indonesia.
Analisis Nilai Tambah Komoditas Unggulan Subsektor Perkebunan
Authors: Dahiri Dahiri
Published: January 2024

Komoditas perkebunan memberikan kontribusi terhadap perekonomian nasional yang tercermin dari kontribusinya yang besar terhadap produk domestik bruto, penyerapan tenaga kerja, dan neraca perdagangan yang selalu positif. Namun ekspor komoditas perkebunan sangat didominasi oleh produk segar atau setengah jadi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah produk komoditas perkebunan masih rendah. Model penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendahnya nilai tambah tersebut disebabkan, pertama, industri perkebunan masih fokus pada produksi produk segar atau setengah jadi. Kedua, mismatch antara perkebunan hulu dan hilir. Ketiga, belum adanya regulasi yang melarang ekspor hasil perkebunan dalam bentuk segar atau setengah jadi. Berangkat dari permasalahan tersebut, pemerintah perlu terlebih dahulu memberikan DAK Fisik Perkebunan kepada pemerintah daerah dan insentif bagi industri perkebunan. Kedua, meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas hasil perkebunan rakyat. Ketiga, urgensi membentuk undang-undang industri perkebunan yang strategis untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah produk perkebunan.
PENGARUH HARGA MINYAK MENTAH TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PERPAJAKAN DAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Syaiful Syafrizal
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis secara empiris pengaruh harga minyak terhadap penerimaan pajak dan pajak penghasilan di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan dari 33 provinsi antara tahun 2016 dan 2020. Untuk menganalisis data panel lintas provinsi, kami menggunakan model efek acak (REM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Harga Minyak Mentah Indonesia (ICP) dan Harga Minyak Mentah Brent berpengaruh positif terhadap penerimaan pajak dan secara statistik signifikan. ICP dan Brent juga berpengaruh positif terhadap pajak penghasilan dan secara statistik signifikan. Temuan lainnya adalah inflasi memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap penerimaan pajak dan pajak penghasilan. Temuan terakhir adalah nilai tukar berpengaruh negatif terhadap penerimaan pajak dan pajak penghasilan di Indonesia.
PENGARUH PAD, DAU, DAK, DBH, DAN BELANJA DAERAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN DAERAH TERTINGGAL
Authors: Alvaro Rendy
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan asli daerah, dana alokasi umum, dana bagi hasil, dana alokasi khusus, belanja barang dan jasa, belanja modal, dan dana daerah urusan pendidikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di daerah kabupaten daerah tertinggal di Indonesia. Data penelitian menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari DJPK Kementerian Keuangan dan BPS. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan menggunakan data tahun 2015-2019 di 122 Daerah Tertinggal di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel pendapatan daerah, dana alokasi umum, dana alokasi khusus, belanja barang dan jasa, dana dinas pendidikan, dan pendapatan per kapita berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Sedangkan variabel belanja modal berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan, dan Dana Bagi Hasil tidak berpengaruh. Hasil regresi menunjukkan nilai adjusted R2 sebesar 0,9969 yang berarti variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi dapat dijelaskan oleh variasi variabel bebas yaitu pendapatan asli daerah, dana alokasi umum, dana bagi hasil, dana alokasi khusus, belanja barang dan jasa. , belanja modal, dana daerah untuk pendidikan sebesar 99,69 persen. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 0,31 persen dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar model.
Teaching and Learning the Fundamental of Calculus through Python-based Programming
Authors: Mulla Asifa
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The widespread adoption of modern Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools in mathematics and science education is gaining momentum worldwide, especially in emerging countries with rapidly increasing digital technology penetration rates. The utilization of Python programming, with its capability to dynamically visualize abstract mathematical concepts, presents a valuable tool for instructors to elucidate calculus principles that were challenging to convey through traditional teaching methods. This research aimed to assess the efficacy of Python-based coding in teaching the fundamentals of calculus to grade Tenth students at a higher secondary school in Mumbai India. The study employed a pre-test and post-test control group quasiexperimental design, with a total of 76 participants (34 in the experimental group and 42 in the control group). The researchers administered Python-based coding instructional units to the experimental group, while the control group received traditional lecture-based instruction. The Calculus Understanding and Teaching Effectiveness (CUTFE) questionnaire was used as both a pre-test and post-test assessment tool. Results revealed no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the pre-test. However, a noteworthy disparity emerged in favor of the experimental group in the post-test. Consequently, the study concluded that engaging in coding activities had a substantial impact on students' comprehension of the fundamentals of calculus. This underscores the effectiveness of Python-based coding as a pedagogical tool in enhancing students' understanding of mathematical concepts in the context of calculus education.
Does perceived coolness promote tourists’ participation in sports tourism?
Authors: Liu Tao , Hu Lingli , Lv Youjia , Jin Yuanyuan
Published: January 2024

Focusing on hot air ballooning, a sports tourism product, this study first conceptualized the activity’s perceived coolness in the tourism context and denoted the following three determinants: attractiveness, identification, and uniqueness. According to an online survey of 308
participants conducted in Chengdu, China, all three determinants were positively related to perceived coolness. We further identified positive relationships between perceived coolness and tourists’ sport participation, and between perceived coolness and social values. Both fantasy experience
and social values played a mediating role in the relationship of perceived coolness and tourists’ sport participation. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications for sports tourism are discussed.
Chinese kindergarten teachers’ effort‐reward imbalance and organizational climate: A latent analysis
Authors: Chen Juan , Ma Derui , Yang Manhua , Guo Liping
Published: January 2024

We classified latent profiles according to effort‐reward imbalance indices for a cluster sample of 3,248 kindergarten teachers in Western China, and examined the characteristics of each profile and how they were affected by organizational climate. Findings showed there were three
levels of effort‐reward imbalance among kindergarten teachers: high (72.4%), medium (22.8%), and low (4.9%). Kindergartens belonged to one of four organizational climate categories: disengaged (43.3%), engaged (26.6%), open (12.1%), or enclosed (18.0%).
Regarding the imbalance between the organizational climate among the kindergarten types and the rewards allocated to the teachers, those in an enclosed organizational climate were most likely to experience a high effort‐reward imbalance, while teachers in an open organizational climate were
most likely to have a medium-level effort‐reward imbalance, and teachers in an engaged organizational climate were most likely to have a low effort‐reward imbalance. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Personality differences among acculturation profiles of Chinese domestic migrants: A person-centered approach
Authors: Huang Zhaofeng , Huang Feifei
Published: January 2024

We explored acculturation profiles among Chinese domestic migrants and examined the variation in personality traits across these profiles. Questionnaires assessing acculturation patterns and personality traits were completed by 816 participants. Acculturation patterns were measured
by the East Asian Acculturation Measure and personality traits were measured with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire???Revised, Short Scale. Four profiles with personality differences were identified using latent profile analysis: less acculturated, highlyacculturated,marginalized,andmoderatelybicultural.Adoptingapersoncentered
approach was underscored by these findings, suggesting that the government could design a targeted strategy aimed at facilitating adjustment among higher risk domestic migrants (e.g., those with marginalized or less-acculturated profiles) with particular personality traits, such as high levels
of neuroticism and low extraversion.
Algorithmic control and gig workers’ facades of conformity: A work stress perspective
Authors: Guo Qiuyun
Published: January 2024

I examined the relationship between algorithmic control and gig workers’ facades of conformity by investigating the underlying mechanism. Drawing on the challenge???hindrance stress model, I explored the mediating role of challenge stress and hindrance stress in this relationship.
Then, by using data collected from an online food delivery platform in China, I demonstrated that hindrance stress positively mediated the relationship between algorithmic control and facades of conformity, but the mediating effect of challenge stress was not significant. This study contributes
to the emerging research field of algorithmic control by not only empirically examining its effect on gig workers’ psychological and behavioral outcomes, but also exploring the underlying mechanisms between algorithmic control and gig workers’ facades of conformity. It offers a
reference point and guidance for managers of gig economy enterprises.
Editors’ Newsroom: Reflections on SBP publishing trends and themes
Authors: Fullan Kate , Segal Keren , Stojanov Ana
Published: January 2024

Welcome to the first edition of Editors’ Newsroom!. Editors’ Newsroom is a new feature in Social Behavior and Personalit: an international journal (SBP), which brings you the latest perspectives and updates from our Editors and wider
publishing team.
Call to Action: A Faculty Survey to Inform Future Efforts at Student-Run Clinics
Authors: Piazza Nina , Bruehlman Alyssa
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Existing literature about student-run clinics (SRCs) often focuses on student rather than patient experiences. To begin to gather data on norms and practices at SRCs nationally, this pilot study surveyed faculty leaders from SRCs around the country about metrics such as clinic organization, patient demographics, and care services. 
Methods: A 38-question survey was distributed via email to members of the Student Run Free Clinic Faculty Association (SRFCFA) in October 2021. All responses were collected electronically via Qualtrics survey software.
Results: Most SRCs are held at least once weekly in variable physical locations. All SRCs surveyed use an electronic medical record. Student leadership typically rotates annually. Preceptors skew towards generalists rather than specialists. Clinics have variable patient volumes but see majority uninsured and non-English-speaking patient populations. Responses about consistency of result communication, follow-up visits, referrals to specialty care, and management of high-risk patients were mixed. The majority of respondents did not feel that learner experience was prioritized over patient care.
Conclusion: The design and operations of SRCs nationwide is variable and not standardized. There remains a limited understanding of patient experiences and patient-centered outcomes at SRCs, and thus it is difficult to guide best practices. Future efforts to collect patient perspectives and outcomes should be emphasized given the vulnerable populations these clinics serve.