bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reproductive performance of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879) broodstocks grown on different diets
Authors: Shofiquzzoha AFM , Haque SM , Wahab MA
Published: May 2017

An experiment was carried out during April to September 2013 to compare the reproductive performance of freshwater prawn golda (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) broodstocks fed on diets including 3 commercial (Mega -F1, SABINCO- F2 and CP- F3) and a laboratory formulated test feed (F4). Post larvae (PL) were collected from the river Kocha of district Pirozpur in April 2012 and nursed in the hapa (net cage) then reared in earthen ponds at the Fisheries Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The broods were fed with selective feeds since their PL stage. The feeding was continued till their maturity of both male and female up to berried females. The proximate composition of the feeds, F1 where crude protein, 33.49%, lipid 5.38%, carbohydrate 30.31%, F2-crude protein, 26.70%, lipid 5.50%, carbohydrate 34.34%, F3- crude protein, 38.90%, lipid 8.09%, carbohydrate 25.37% and treatment F4- crude protein 33.00%, lipid 11.13%, carbohydrate 25.43%. Feeds were supplied at 5% body weight twice at dawn (5:30-6:00 am) and dusk (5:30-7:30 pm) till the end of the experiment. The variation in most water quality parameters, temperature, alkalinity, DO, transparency, TDS, conductivity NO2 --N, PO4 - 3 and chlorophyll-a were insignificant; while parameters, water depth, pH, NH3-N and NO3 --N was found to vary significantly (p<0.05) among treatments. Brood observation was carried out by dragging seine net or/and hand picking for eggs in egg chamber remained intact. The male and female ratio estimated 1:2.8, 1: 2.4, 1: 2.4 and 1: 1.7 in the treatments F1, F2, F3 and F4. The weight of the berried females was 56.33±19.55 g, 85.50±14.85 g, 73.67±23.09 g and 94.50±51.62 g; total weight of eggs was 7.61±1.86g, 7.04±0.69 g, 10.26±1.41g and 6.15±1.20 g in F1, F2, F3 and F4. The estimated numbers of eggs were 53,889±10,541, 37,555±1,217, 59,640±5,270 and 36,017±7,790 in F1, F2, F3 and F4 respectively. The weight of berried females with eggs (g), total eggs (g) and estimated number of eggs were significant (p<0.05) among treatments. Females fed with commercial feed F3 (CP) were found to produce the sufficient number of eggs (59,640/female) followed by F1 (Mega). The findings may contribute to the better broodstock management of freshwater prawn to produce of a sufficient number of embryonic eggs for hatchery operation.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 229-234, December 2016
Toxicity effects of sumithion on the breeding performance and viability of eggs, embryos and subsequent growth indices of Heteropneustes fossilis larvae
Authors: Das T , Rahman MM , Hossen MS , Mollah MFA
Published: May 2017

Sumithion, an organophosphate pesticide, has been used extensively in agriculture as well as in broodfish and nursery ponds in Bangladesh. Although it is being applied for beneficial purposes but eventually it exhibits some short and long term toxic effects to the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, the present study investigated the toxic effects of sumithion on the breeding performance and subsequent viability of embryos and larvae of Heteropneustes fossilis. A total of 400 adult H. fossilis were equally stocked in two ponds. Sumithion at the dose of 0.24 ppm was applied for four months every 7 days interval in one pond while the rest one was considered as control. No significant (p>0.05) difference was found in growth between the treated and control H. fossilis; however, fertilization and hatching rates of the eggs obtained from the treated group were significantly (p>0.05) lower than that of control. Subsequently, the embryos and larvae produced from the broods of the control pond were exposed to 5 different concentrations of sumithion (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 ppm) against a control (0 ppm). Each concentration was assessed in five replicates having 200 eggs. Data obtained from the sumithion acute toxicity tests were evaluated using the Probit Analysis. The mortality of embryos increased with the increasing sumithion concentrations from 0 to 8.0 ppm and the significant (p>0.05) differences were found only among the treated concentrations above 2.0 ppm. The 24 h LC50 value for embryos was estimated to be 7.803 ppm. Dose-response decreased in hatching success and recorded as 90.8, 85.0, 76.2, 73.0, 65.0, and 51.2 % for control and 5 different concentrations of sumithion, respectively (p<0.05). The numbers of dead larvae also increased significantly with the increasing sumithion concentrations exposed for 24- 96 h. The 24, 48, 72, and 96 h LC50 values were estimated to be 8.677, 8.245, 7.664, and 6.782 ppm, respectively and these values were significantly (p<0.05) different to each other. Besides, the larvae obtained from 0.5, 2.0, and 8.0 ppm sumithion were reared against a control for 21 days to assess the residual effect. Significant negative effects on both growth and survival of the larvae were found among the sumithion concentrations used. The study therefore, suggested that sumithion has adverse and residual effects on the breeding performance along with early embryonic and larval development of H. fossilis even in lower concentration.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 243-251, December 2016
Production of chitin and chitosan from shrimp shell wastes
Authors: Islam SZ , Khan M , Alam AKM Nowsad
Published: May 2017

A method was developed for commercial scale production of chitin and chitosan in Bangladesh from marine shrimp, P. monodon and freshwater prawn, M. rosenbergii shell and appendages. Chitin is a macro-molecular linear polymer of anhydro N-acetyl glucosamine (N-Acetyl, 2-Amino 2-Deoxy DGlucose) and chitosan is deacetylated chitin. For production of chitin, fresh shells of P. monodon having initial bacterial load of >105 CFU/g sample and peroxide values of >10 mmol free iodine liberated /kg of oil were washed with dilute sulfuric acid. Adhered proteins were removed by washing with low strength alkaline solution and then rinsed with water. Crude chitin thus prepared was treated with concentrated hydrochloric acid and purified chitin was obtained after treating with low strength alkali solution. Water soluble chitosan was prepared by performing a deacetylation process using 50% NaOH (w/w) at 100oC for 4-5 hours and then washed, dried and ground. For purification of chitin and chitosan, a series of experiments were conducted to optimize the level of NaOH concentration and time and temperature schedule of demineralization and deproteinization/deacetylation. A high temperature-short time schedule obtained best quality chitin and chitosan. Both subjective and objective methods were used for the testing of quality and purity of chitin and chitosan. Comparative studies between the quality of products from different components of the shell and from different shrimp/prawn species showed that both chitin and chitosan obtained from M. rosenbergii shell were better compared to those of P. monodon in terms of extractability, deacetylation, and color. Shells obtained better product compared to shrimp appendages. The study suggests that chitin and chitosan can be produced in existing shrimp/prawn processing plants of the country with the simple renovation.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 253-259, December 2016
“In the secret chambre of the mynde, in the preuy closet of the sowle”: monastic discipline and devotion in More's Life of Pico
Authors: Alakas Brandon
Published: May 2017

Already present in certain biographical details, Thomas More's programmatic efforts to create new patterns of mixed living are most innovatively employed in the Life of Pico. In creating a vernacular translation of Gianfrancesco's Vita Ioannis Pici Mirandulae, More executes substantial changes that draw attention to Pico's strong desire to transpose rituals and rhythms of monastic devotion, which encourage a highly cultivated interior and private spiritual life, onto the day-to-day life of a layperson. As spiritual guide, More's Life of Pico aims to produce a reflective, capable reader while at once setting the limits of his or her intellectual endeavor within narrowly fixed orthodox parameters.
Regioselective (thio)carbamoylation of 2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene at the 1-position with iso(thio)cyanates
Authors: Wrona-Piotrowicz Anna , Witalewska Marzena , Zakrzewski Janusz , Makal Anna
Published: May 2017

It has been found that 2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene reacts with aliphatic iso(thio)cyanates in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to exclusively afford the corresponding 1-substituted (thio)amides in high yields. For aromatic iso(thio)cyanates the reaction is less regioselective, although substitution at the 1-position prevails. For ethoxycarbonyl isothiocyanate, apart from the 1-substituted thioamide, 1,8-disubstituted thioamide and 2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene-1-carbonitrile are formed (especially at longer reaction times).
Nutritional value of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) and its suitability as animal feed – a review
Authors: Barragan-Fonseca K.B. , Dicke M. , van Loon J.J.A.
Published: May 2017

The black soldier fly (BSF;Hermetia illucens L.; Diptera: Stratiomyidae) has been studied for its capability to convert organic waste to high quality protein, control certain harmful bacteria and insect pests, provide potential chemical precursors to produce biodiesel and for its use as feed for a variety of animals. Nutritional value of BSF larvae is discussed, as well as the effect of biotic and abiotic factors on both larval body composition and performance. Although BSF larvae contain high protein levels (from 37 to 63% dry matter; DM), and other macro- and micronutrients important for animal feed, the available studies on including BSF larvae in feed rations for poultry, pigs and fish suggest that it could only partially replace traditional feedstuff, because high or complete replacement resulted in reduced performance. This is due to factors such as high fat content (from 7 to 39% DM), ash (from 9 to 28% DM), and consequences of processing. Therefore, further studies are needed on nutrient composition, digestibility and availability for target species and on improved methods to process larvae, among other aspects. Additionally, it is clear that factors including quantity and quality of food, temperature, substrate moisture and/or larval crowding can affect BSF performance. However, the biology of BSF, in particular of the adult stage, has not been studied in detail. This review provides background information on the nutritional value of BSF larvae, its suitability as animal feed, biotic and abiotic conditions that affect its performance, and identifies which knowledge is required to ensure more dependable yields of BSF-mass rearing and development of economically feasible methods to take advantage of this species as animal feed.
Ayuntamiento, en Rödovre
Authors: Jacobsen Arne
Published: May 2017

Arne Jacobsen nace en Copenhague, en el año 1902, y se gradúa arquitecto, en 1927, en la Real Academia de Artes, de la que obtiene su Medalla de Oro por el proyecto de Museo de Klampemborg. Paladín de la arquitectura moderna danesa, en sus primeras obras —su casa y la del abogado Rotbemborg— materializa sus ideas sobre la íntima unión de interior y exterior, junto con una avanzada concepción de decoración y mobiliario. En colaboración con Moller gana el primer premio en Concurso para el Ayuntamiento de Aarlus, y el año pasado se le concedió el Premio Escandinavo de Arquitectura. Su originalidad y dominio funcional, formal y colorista culmina en el Ayuntamiento de Rodovre, tema de este artículo.
Hotel en Lappland
Authors: Erskine R. , Ritzén K.
Published: May 2017

Al norte de Suecia, en Laponia del Sur, se levanta este hotel de montaña, esquí, pesca..., con capacidad para setenta y cinco huéspedes. Está situado en el centro de una encantadora región montañosa, con toda clase de atractivos naturales, tales como lagos, riachuelos y pistas de esquí de todos los tipos, desde la sencilla pendiente nevada hasta el más intrincado recorrido exigido en alguna variedad de este deporte. Hacia el E. pueden distinguirse algunas pequeñas granjas, de preciosa y sencilla construcción, y bosques de abetos; al O. se elevan las moles compactas de los montes, en los que abundan los osos, renos, lobos y zorros.
Presa bóveda de la Gougra
Authors: Stuc A.
Published: May 2017

Para el aprovechamiento hidroeléctrico de la zona alpina, constituida por los valles formados por los ríos Navisence, la Gougra y el Tourtemagne, del cantón suizo de Valais, se ha redactado un proyecto general que coordina, y en su dia explotará, las aguas que discurren por estos ríos antes de verter en el caudaloso Ródano. La sociedad concesionaria es Forces Motrices de la Gougra.
Aprovechamiento hidroeléctrico sobre el río Navea
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: May 2017

En el número 73 de esta revista se publicó un trabajo, titulado «Aprovechamiento hidroeléctrico de la cuenca del Sil», en el que se describen y estudian las posibilidades hidroeléctricas que ofrece esta cuenca. En dicho artículo se prometía detallar cada uno de los aprovechamientos parciales, labor que se inicia con la descripción de los cuatro saltos que constituyen el aprovechamiento total del río Navea y su cuenca: Chandreja, San Cristóbal, Guístolas y Pontenovo.
Aprovechamientos hidroeléctricos en el tramo superior del río Sil
Authors: Sánchez Conde Enrique
Published: May 2017

En este trabajo se describen los tres aprovechamientos hidroeléctricos, denominados Ondinas, Peñadrada y Santa Marina, dispuestos en rosario, que se extienden en el tramo superior del río Sil. Estas obras serán construidas y explotadas por la Compañía Hidroeléctrica de Galicia, empresa filial del Instituto Nacional de Industria. El salto de Santa Marina, llamado también número 1 de este sistema ternario, presenta la particularidad de tener su Central en subterráneo.
Puente sobre el Maracaibo
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: May 2017

Para salvar el lago de Maracaibo (Venezuela), el conocido ingeniero italiano Riccaido Morandi ha presentado un proyecto de puente para ferrocarril y carretera, de hormigón pretensado, de tramos independientes, constituyendo un sistema Gerber, que tiene una longitud total de 8.720 m y un vano central de 400 m de luz. Este último tramo, en unión de los dos adyacentes al mismo, constituirán, una vez terminada la obra, un conjunto continuo. El tablero del puente se halla a una altura de 45 m sobre el nivel del agua en la zona del canal, con objeto de permitir la navegación. El tablero, de 20,90 m de anchura total, se ha subdividido en tres partes, dos simétricas respecto al eje, laterales, de 7,20 m de anchura, para la circulación en sentidos opuestos por carretera, una plataforma central, de 5 m de ancho, para el ferrocarril y dos andenes para el paso de peatones y servicios.
Puente sobre el río Brenta
Authors: Schvarcz Bela
Published: May 2017

Para la unión por carretera de los poblados de Limeña y Vigodarzere, de la provincia de Padua (Italia), separados por el río Brenta de Limeña, se ha construido un puente de hormigón armado —proyectado por el autor—, de tres tramos, dos laterales de 26 m de luz cada uno y uno central de 50 m, cuyo conjunto constituye un sistema Gerber con dos articulaciones situadas a 14 m de los apoyos intermedios y dentro del vano central del puente. La obra tiene 102 m de longitud total y un tablero subdividido en una Calzada de 6 m de anchura y dos andenes de 1 m cada uno.
Residencia, en Beverly Hills, California
Authors: Neutra Richard J.
Published: May 2017

La mayor parte de los norteamericanos viven en casas unifamiliares que rara vez construyen por su propia iniciativa, recurriendo a un arquitecto para que estudie su vivienda individualmente, sino que confían en el espíritu emprendedor, experiencia e imaginación de contratistas de casas en serie. Con este sistema, el peligro, reconocido por todas las instituciones conservadoras, radica en que se llegue más allá de lo que es capaz de aceptar la mayor parte del público.
Laboratorios de investigación, Pensilvania
Authors: Skidmore – Owings & Merrill Arquitectos
Published: May 2017

Un laboratorio de productos farmacéuticos, como todo centro de investigación, requiere una labor continua y lenta de enclaustramiento pesado. Ello ha motivado el elegir para estos laboratorios un emplazamiento privilegiado y una casi total transparencia de cerramientos, tratando de comunicar las estancias de trabajo con la verde y sedante naturaleza que rodea todo el edificio. Así, la vista se extiende hacia prados anchurosos y tranquilos tachonados de frondosos árboles.
Colegio Mayor Aquinas
Authors: García de Paredes José M. , De La Hoz Rafael
Published: May 2017

Tarea ambiciosa y digna de todo elogio es la que desarrollan los dominicos en la formación de la juventud española, materializada en obras de una concepción funcional y arquitectónica propia de un espíritu avanzado, de acuerdo con las formas de vida y exigencias de nuestro tiempo. Por ello no es de extrañar que sus nuevas construcciones obtengan primero la distinción de un galardón internacional —medalla de oro de la Exposición de Arte Sacro de Viena, del año 1954, por la Iglesia de Santo Tomás de Aquino de Valladolid, del arquitecto M. Fisac— y, actualmente, uno nacional —el premio nacional de Arquitectura española, del año 1956, con el Colegio Mayor Aquinas, magníficamente emplazado en la Ciudad Universitaria de Madrid, obra de los arquitectos García de Paredes y La Hoz, a quienes felicitamos desde estas páginas—.
Puente del Estrecho de Gibraltar
Authors: De la Peña Boeuf Alfonso
Published: May 2017

El enlace de Europa y África a través de nuestra Península constituye un tema sugestivo para todos los españoles, que ven en ello la materialización del espíritu colonizador de nuestra raza. Por esto, no es extraño que un ingeniero de la talla de Peña Boeuf, se lance como promotor de la construcción de un puente sobre el Estrecho de Gibraltar, superando, con su ingenio, las enormes dificultades técnicas planteadas por dicha solución.
El nuevo puerto de Rota
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: May 2017

Descripción de las obras que actualmente se están realizando para la construcción del puerto de Rota (Cádiz). La escollera de protección del puerto, de unos 2.400 m de longitud, se está construyendo con tetrápodos de hormigón para proteger el núcleo de piedra de la escollera. En el número 49 de esta revista se ha publicado un interesante trabajo, de F. Biesel, en el que se trata de la génesis del tetraedro y paso de éste al tetrápodo, forma y estado actual de los sólidos empleados para la protección contra las acciones demoledoras del agua en movimiento agitado. El puerto o base naval de Rota es de tipo artificial, está ubicado sobre una playa y dispondrá, una vez terminado, de unos 300 m de muelle en aguas profundas, en el que podrán amarrar las grandes unidades navales.
Puertos menores, en Canarias. Puerto de Arrecife en Lanzarote
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: May 2017

En la ensenada de Los Mármoles, cuyo fondo se halla recubierto por un pequeño banco de arena de aproximadamente 1 m de espesor, se está construyendo una escollera de abrigo, cuya parte interior constituye un muelle de atraque.
Preparación mecánica de áridos
Authors: Sarmiento Farinós Álvaro
Published: May 2017

La preparación de áridos para abastecer las obras que necesitan de ellos se ha centralizado, constituyendo centrales que, como las de hormigón, a las que con frecuencia acompañan, están formadas de una serie de órganos mecánicos, convenientemente concordantes unos con otros, de forma tal que su producción, características y continuidad, no sólo resulte económicamente explotable, sino que, además, suprime gran parte del esfuerzo manual antes necesario. En este trabajo se describe, tomando como modelo, una central móvil de la casa lowa Manufacturing International Sales Inc., y, además, se dan las ideas generales para el cálculo de la capacidad de producción del modelo Pitmaster en función de la abertura de las quijadas de la machacadora, molino y curva granulométrica de la gravera que se ha de explotar.
Casa de baño, en Massachusetts
Authors: Colettl Brothers Arquitectos
Published: May 2017

Este edificio corresponde a una serie de establecimientos semejantes, a lo largo de la costa del Atlántico, cuya realización se llevará a cabo sucesivamente. En el desarrollo del proyecto se ha tenido la máxima libertad, lo que ha dado lugar a la aparición de una construcción plástica transparente y de indudable belleza. En todo momento, se deja ver que la única misión que ha de cumplir es la de albergar los vestuarios de baño, disponiendo de los servicios necesarios, tales como: conserjería, aseos y parte administrativa.
Pista de Patinaje Boulogne-Billancourt
Authors: Calere Saint
Published: May 2017

La afición deportiva de París vio pronto la necesidad de crear una nueva instalación de pista de hielo, para dar nuevo impulso a la creciente afición por este deporte espectacular. Pero aunque la idea nació hace algunos años, el proyecto se ha llevado a cabo recientemente, con la audacia característica de la Arquitectura de nuestra hora, tanto en su confección estructural como en el empleo de nuevas formas y materiales.
Puente sobre el lago Pontchartrain. El puente más largo del mundo
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: May 2017

El puente sobre el lago Pontchartrain, que une New Orleans con Covington (Louisiana) a través del lago, tiene una longitud total de unos 50 km, de los que 38 se hallan sobre el agua. Actualmente este puente es el mayor del mundo por su longitud, seguido del de Tampa Bay, que sólo tiene 24 km. La estructura no ha presentado mayor complicación que su propia longitud y la coordinación de la producción de elementos de hormigón pretensado en taller, ya que esta obra se puede considerar como prefabricada. En este trabajo se describe la obra, sus principales características y se complementa con los procedimientos constructivos.
Empleo de explosivos en la construcción de carreteras
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: May 2017

Ideas generales y algunas aplicaciones prácticas del empleo de explosivos, utilizando retardos combinados, en las grandes voladuras de superficie. Debido al gran número de variantes que entran en juego en un problema tan complejo como el de las grandes voladuras, las conclusiones a que se desemboca son siempre de carácter general, es decir, que cada caso constituye una particularidad que debe ser estudiada sobre el propio campo que ha de sufrir la experiencia.
Paneles de aluminio para cerramiento
Authors: Perraudin A.
Published: May 2017

La sociedad suiza Grande Dixence, S. A., está construyendo una presa de gran altura, en alta montaña, que lleva el mismo nombre. A fin de acomodar al personal obrero al pie de obra se ha construido una estructura metálica de nueve plantas, cerrada por medio de paneles prefabricados, que, en la parte de fachada, llevan chapa ondulada de aluminio.
Piscinas pretensadas
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: May 2017

Ligera descripción de los procedimientos constructivos de piscinas pretensadas, disposición general y equipo auxiliar que constituye la instalación.
Perforación y revestimiento de galerías
Authors: Vié Georges
Published: May 2017

En este trabajo se describen algunas de las dificultades que se presentan en la perforación de galerías subterráneas dedicadas a la conducción de agua para su aprovechamiento en una central hidroeléctrica. De todas estas dificultades, las más importantes son: el agua, su circulación y la naturaleza del terreno que se ha de atravesar en socavón. Los revestimientos de estas galerías presentan también sus dificultades, y, si bien son de menor importancia, no dejan de influenciar en la calidad y estructuración del hormigón que las ha de revestir.
Presente y futuro de la sociología de la vejez en España. Conclusiones de un estudio Delphi
Authors: Sánchez Martínez Mariano , López Doblas Juan
Published: May 2017

Estudios internacionales han señalado el insuficiente desarrollo y consolidación de la sociología de la vejez como campo científico y académico distinto. En España, se trata de una especialidad aún bastante invisible y desorganizada, sin establecer plenamente. Con el objetivo de colaborar en la evaluación del presente y el futuro de la sociología de la vejez española se ha llevado a cabo un estudio Delphi con participación de 12 expertos. Los resultados del estudio destacan dos amenazas para la sociología de la vejez española: la percepción de la vejez como etapa del ciclo vital a extinguir y el intrusismo profesional. La invisibilidad de los estudios sociológicos sobre la vejez y la falta de interés por parte de responsables universitarios, agentes políticos y personas mayores constituyen otras amenazas. El principal activo que tiene este campo es la comunidad de sociólogos implicados en el estudio de la vejez.
Estrategias de entrada al mercado de trabajo de los atletas olímpicos. Una tipología
Authors: Vilanova Anna , Puig Núria
Published: May 2017

El objetivo del siguiente artículo es establecer una tipología de inserción laboral en deportistas olímpicos. A partir la teoría de la elección racional y la teoría de la reproducción social, se condujo un cuestionario telefónico a una muestra de 94 deportistas (68 hombres y 26 mujeres). Mediante el procedimiento de conglomerados jeráquicos se identificaron cuatro grupos de deportistas: estrategas con vida paralela, estrategas por cuenta propia, deportistas para siempre y no estrategas; es un trabajo. Los resultados también muestran cómo a mayor capital cultural y económico de la familia se plantean mejor las estrategias y las posiciones alcanzadas por los deportistas en su segunda carrera son mejores. Estos resultados pueden servir para desarrollar y adaptar los programas de apoyo a los deportistas según su perfil.
Debates contemporâneos da historiografia latino-americana
Authors: Moreira Luiz Felipe Viel
Published: May 2017

Este texto analisa quatro artigos que trataram de debates contemporâneos da historiografia latino-americana, bem como busca apontar possíveis diálogos entre os mesmos. São novos olhares sobre estudos de temáticas nacionais específicas, como no caso guatemalteco e paraguaio, ou no diálogo com a própria teoria. Isto implicou deslocar de uma zona de conforto a própria historiografia nacional para o caso colombiano, ou mesmo para o conjunto das ciências humanas, a partir da constituição de epistemologias vinculadas à descolonização do saber.
O cinema em busca da inspiração revolucionária: uma análise de Sandino (1990), de Miguel Littín
Authors: Silva Alexsandro De Sousa e
Published: May 2017

O artigo analisa o filme Sandino (1990), o último dirigido pelo chileno Miguel Littín no exílio. A narrativa fílmica tenta fazer uma monumentalização do líder revolucionário Augusto César Sandino (1895-1934). No enredo, o protagonista organiza a resistência armada contra os militares norte-americanos em território nicaraguense; porém, com a saída das tropas estrangeiras, o líder foi assassinado a mando de Anastasio Somoza García. Pretendemos analisar o filme de Miguel Littín e verificar de que maneira o enredo está dialogando com um duplo contexto: a crise do « socialismo real » e a transição democrática no Chile. Como hipótese, acreditamos que a película procura uma inspiração revolucionária e antiimperialista nas lutas políticas no passado latino-americano, representadas na atuação de Sandino na resistência armada aos Estados Unidos. Ao mesmo tempo, Sandino procurou manter viva uma imagem autoritária e antidemocrática das Forças Armadas da América Latina, enquanto a elite política do Chile « negociou » a transição democrática com os militares.
A política dos sermões ou os sermões na política: a pregação nas cidades comunais da Baixa Idade Média
Authors: Miatello André Luis Pereira
Published: May 2017

Este artigo propõe os sermões da Baixa Idade Média ocidental como parte da linguagem política das comunas italianas. Junto com os discursos de assembleia (conciones), os sermões compunham uma retórica de natureza religiosa com validade cívica apta para os governos citadinos e para o modo de vida urbano. Estuda-se a Summa de Arte Praedicatoria, de Alain de Lille, os Li livres dou Trésor, de BrunettoLatini, os sermões de Giordano de Pisa e a Crônica de Rolandino de Pádua para mostrar como, de um ponto de vista político e cívico, os sermões eram peças importantes do ordenamento social e da resolução de conflitos.
Volitional rehabilitative assessments in patients admitted in a post-intensive care step down unit. A feasibility study
Authors: Paneroni Mara , D' Abrosca Francesco , Fokom Georges , Comini Laura , Vitacca Michele
Published: May 2017

A high variability in functional tests and activities used during the pulmonary rehabilitation has been observed in post-intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and the best battery of tests to adopt has not been described yet. We tested in patients admitted in a post-ICU Step Down Unit the ability to perform the more frequent functional volitional tests. The relations of each single volitional test with general disability and dyspnea at discharge were also evaluated. Ten volitional tests including: bedside spirometry test (ST: FEV1%, FVC%), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), Peak Expiratory Flow during Cough (PCEF), Quadriceps Muscle Strength (QMS), latissimus Dorsi and teres Major Strength (DMS), Brachial biceps Muscle Strength (BMS), effort tolerance measured by sit-to-stand test, Takahashi test and 6-Min Walking Test (6MWT), were evaluated in post-ICU patients at entry and discharge from in-hospital rehabilitation. General disability was assessed by Barthel Index, while dyspnea by Borg scale. At admission, >70% of subjects performed muscle strength test, while <25% performed respiratory and effort tolerance tests. At discharge, feasibility of spirometry, respiratory muscle strength and effort tolerance tests improved (all, p<0.001); 6MWT was the least feasible. At discharge, cardiorespiratory patients were more capable to perform tests compared to neurological ones. All outcome measures, with exception of FEV1%, and FVC%, were significantly related to the disability score. Peripheral muscle exercises showed the highest feasibility, spirometry and leg effort tolerance the lowest. Motor disability was explained mainly by the peripheral muscle strength. The study of non-volitional outcome measures and tests linked to a protocol-driven intervention should be performed in this specific population.
Association of clinical characteristics of patients presenting with influenza like illness or severe acute respiratory illness with development of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Ijaz Muhammad , Jaffar Khan Muhammad , Khan Jawad , Usama .
Published: May 2017

Clinical judgement and suspicion of influenza based on signs and symptoms of influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory illness are critical for better patient outcome. Whether clinical characteristics of patients are associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome and PCR positivity of samples was the aim of this study. We included all patients (n=37) presenting with influenza like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) to a tertiary care hospital in northwest Pakistan during December 2015 until the end of January 2016. Each patient was assessed for signs and symptoms, clinical features, treatment, complications and outcome of ILI and SARI. Throat or nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 36 patient and analyzed for the presence of Influenza virus by quantitative PCR. Patients presenting with ILI or SARI were febrile (p<0.001, one sample t-test), significantly tachypneic (p<0.001) and had critically lower oxygen saturation (p<0.001). Nasal congestion at presentation (p=0.006, chi-square test for association) and infiltrates on chest radiographs (p=0.025) were significantly associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Likelihood of the occurrence of ARDS was significantly increased with decrease in oxygen saturation (Odds ratio; 0.75, 95% CI; 0.46, 1.21, p=0.048) and marginally significantly increased in lower age (Odds ratio; 0.82, 95% CI; 0.58, 1.15, p=0.055) and higher white cell count (Odds ratio; 1.001, 95% CI; 0.99, 1.002, p=0.054). The presence of Influenza type A/H1N1pdm09 strains was confirmed in 7/11 patients. However no significant difference was observed in the clinical features and complications of PCR positive and negative patients. Clinical signs and symptoms of influenza-like illness or severe acute respiratory illness significantly predict the development of complications irrespective of the positivity or negativity of laboratory qPCR reports.
Two foreign bodies embedded in the intraventricular septum: A case report
Authors: Moraitis Sotirios , Perelas Apostolos , Hountis Panagiotis , Moraitis Dimitrios , Chounti Maria , Rogdaki Eirini
Published: May 2017

A 23-year old male was presented at the outpatient clinic of our department reporting that he had been subjected to insertion of foreign bodies in his chest. Physical examination was unremarkable. Imaging studies revealed the presence of two bodies in the subcutaneous tissue of the anterior chest wall and two needle-shaped intramyocardial bodies that were impacted in the intraventricular septum. Due to late appearance, the position, and because of the absence of symptoms, it was decided that the patient should be managed conservatively. Today, five years after the incident, the patient remains asymptomatic and he is followed-up regularly.
Characteristics of structured physical training currently provided in cardiac patients: insights from the Exercise Training in Cardiac Rehabilitation (ETCR) Italian survey
Authors: Ambrosetti Marco , Doherty Patrick , Faggiano Pompilio , CorrÃ  Ugo , Vigorito Carlo , Hansen Dominique , Sarto Patrizio , Abreu Ana , Pedretti Roberto F.E.
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND.Â  Uncertainty exists about current delivery levels of exercise training (ET) during Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) programmes. AIM OF THE STUDY. To evaluate ET modalities in the real world of CR facilities in Italy. METHODS. This was an observational survey of aggregate data, collected from CR facilities on a voluntary basis. Snapshots of a single working day at a local site were made, in terms of characteristics of patients and ET programmes delivered.Â RESULTS. Overall, 612 patients from 26 CR units were included, with an in-patient vs. out-patient ratio of 3:1. Coronary artery disease (57.6%), heart failure (20.3%), and valve disease/surgery (22.1%) were the most represented target groups. The prevalence of endurance continuous training, interval training, and resistance/strength training was 66.7%, 11.1%, and 9.0%; other non-aerobic endurance and non-resistance training modalities such as respiratory muscle training and calisthenics were reported in 39.9% and 42.9% of cases respectively. Workloads for endurance exercise training were determined by cardiopulmonary test, conventional 12-leads ECG exercise testing, 6min-walking test, theoretical determination of heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion in 9%, 8%, 27%, 9%, and 40% of cases respectively. The average duration of the programmes (on an intention to treat basis) was 25 sessions of 42Â±11Â  minutes, with a frequency of >4 sessions/week in 67% of patients. CONCLUSIONS. Despite advances in CR interventions, there is a significant need for improvement of functional evaluation and exercise training prescription, and consideration of a wider range of training modalities in Italy.â€ƒ
Integrating the care of the complex COPD patient
Authors: Donner Claudio F. , Carrozzi Laura , Maio Sara , Baldacci Sandra , Pistelli Francesco , Viegi Giovanni , Purro Andrea , Torchio Roberto , Clini Enrico , Amaducci Sandro , ZuWallack Richard L. , Goldstein Roger , Morgan Michael , Bourbeau Jean , Vagheggini Guido , Wouters Emiel F.M.
Published: May 2017

Proceedings of the European Seminars in Respiratory Medicine course, Long-Term Integrated Care of COPD Patients held in Stresa, Italy, on 16-17 June, 2016
Incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is not associated with microclimatic variations. Results of a seven-year survey in a temperate climate area
Authors: Comelli Ivan , Bologna Alessandra , Ticinesi Andrea , Magnacavallo Andrea , Comelli Denis , Meschi Tiziana , Cervellin Gianfranco
Published: May 2017

Some diseases, such as renal colic and atrial fibrillation, display an association with microclimatic variations. In particular, despite a correlation has been reported between incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) and meteorological variations, the evidence remains poor and conflictual. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of day-by-day meteorological variations on the number of visits for PSP in the Emergency Department (ED). All PSP cases were retrieved from the hospital database from January 2008 to December 2014. For all the observational days, meteorological data about the Parma Province were obtained from the Environment and Climate Regional Agency.Â  The correlation between ED visits for PSP and variation of air temperature (TÂ°), atmospheric pressure (hPa) and humidity (%) was then tested. The chronological data of all the visits for PSP were correlated with climate data by univariate linear regressions analysis. A total number of 608.215 ED visits were recorded during the observational period, with an average of 238 patients per day. Overall, 257 PSP cases were observed (mean age 37Â±21 years), 79% males and 21% females. No significant correlation between average daily visits for SP and daily change of average temperature, humidity, or atmospheric pressure was observed throughout the observational period (p>0.05 for all). The results of the study show that the incidence of PSP is not significantly associated with changes of microclimatic variables.Â
Direct oral anticoagulants in patients undergoing cardioversion: insight from randomized clinical trials
Authors: Di Fusco Stefania Angela , Colivicchi Furio , Aspromonte Nadia , Tubaro Marco , Aiello Alessandro , Santini Massimo
Published: May 2017

Anticoagulation, reducing the risk of thromboembolic events in patients undergoing cardioversion, is a cornerstone of peri-cardioversion management in patients with atrial fibrillation. We aimed to analyse published data on the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients undergoing cardioversion. We performed a systematic review of randomized prospective clinical trials (RCTs) comparing DOACs with warfarin and reporting data on post-cardioversion outcomes of interest. Outcomes of interest were stroke, systemic thromboembolic events and major bleeding. We reviewed a total of six RCTs including 3900 cardioversions performed using a DOAC for thromboembolic prophylaxis. These studies reported a low incidence overall of adverse outcomes associated with the use of DOACs (around 1% in all studies, except the ROCKET post-hoc study which included ablation procedures). The incidence rate of adverse events during DOAC treatment was found to be very similar to that observed with warfarin anticoagulation. In RCTs DOAC treatment in patients undergoing cardioversion appears to be effective and safe. However, because evidence in this clinical setting is still weak, observational reports could be useful in providing further data about peri-procedural outcomes.
Post-pneumonectomy and post-lobectomy syndromes: case series and review of the literature
Authors: Stratakos Grigoris , Vitsas Vlassis , Koufos Nikos , Zissis Charalambos , Emmanouil Philip , Koulouris Nikos
Published: May 2017

The post-pneumonectomy syndrome is a rare complication consisting of rotation and herniation of the mediastinal structures, the remaining lung and the respective bronchi, into the contralateral hemithorax. This situation may produce symptomatic airway obstruction and varies in its presentation and severity. We describe one case of right and one of left pneumonectomy syndrome as well as one case of post-lobectomy syndrome. We review the literature on the pathophysiology, the clinical, radiological and bronchoscopic characteristics of this rare entity and discuss all available therapeutic alternatives.
Depression, anxiety and chronic pain in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the influence of breath
Authors: Bordoni Bruno , Marelli Fabiola , Morabito Bruno , Sacconi Beatrice
Published: May 2017

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problems, causing significant mortality and morbidity in the world. It is a complex and progressive disease, characterized by chronic inflammation and dysfunction of the respiratory airways. The article reviews the available information on the potential role of the diaphragm in this disease. The purpose is to identify a potential correlation between symptoms such as depression, anxiety and chronic pain, frequently observed in COPD, with the activity of the diaphragm. The morphology and metabolism of the diaphragm are usually modified in the presence of COPD: a correlation between this symptoms and a pathological adaptation of breathing can be hypothesized. The management of these conditions should always be multidisciplinary, in order to have a global vision of the patient.
Esophago-pulmonary fistula manifesting as recurrent pneumonias and migrating mediastinal calcifications
Authors: Kebbe Jadd , Yendamuri Sai , Roche Charles , Harris Kassem , Dhillon Samjot Singh
Published: May 2017

A 43-year old man presented with recurrent pneumonias, episodes of hemoptysis and an enlarging right lower lobe mass. A clear diagnosis was not previously established in spite of multiple radiological evaluations and biopsies. Meticulous review of his CT imaging showed that he had subcarinal calcification on his prior CT scans, which had decreased in size and now multiple new small areas of calcifications were seen in the right lower lobe lesion. An esophago-pulmonary fistula due to migration of mediastinal calcifications was suspected which was identified on careful review of the CT chest and confirmed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Patient had surgical repair with complete recovery.
Integrated care of chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases and rehabilitation: the odd couple?
Authors: Balbi Bruno , Marcassa Claudio , Pisani Fabrizio , Corica Giacomo , Spanevello Antonio
Published: May 2017

Chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases affecting different organs and systems are considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the emergent epidemic in the third millennium...
Barriers and opportunities to implementation of sustainable e-Health programmes in Uganda: A literature review
Authors: Kiberu Vincent M. , Mars Maurice , Scott Richard E.
Published: May 2017

Background: Most developing countries, including Uganda, have embraced the use of e-Health and m-Health applications as a means to improve primary healthcare delivery and public health for their populace. In Uganda, the growth in the information and communications technology industry has benefited the rural communities and also created opportunities for new innovations, and their application into healthcare has reported positive results, especially in the areas of disease control and prevention through disease surveillance. However, most are mere proof-of-concepts, only demonstrated in use within a small context and lack sustainability. This study reviews the literature to understand e-Health’s current implementation status within Uganda and documents the barriers and opportunities to sustainable e-Health intervention programmes in Uganda.Methods: A structured literature review of e-Health in Uganda was undertaken between May and December 2015 and was complemented with hand searching and a document review of grey literature in the form of policy documents and reports obtained online or from the Ministry of Health’s Resource Centre.Results: The searches identified a total of 293 resources of which 48 articles met the inclusion criteria of being in English and describing e-Health implementation in Uganda. These were included in the study and were examined in detail.Conclusion: Uganda has trialled several e-Health and m-Health solutions to address healthcare challenges. Most were donor funded, operated in silos and lacked sustainability. Various barriers have been identified. Evidence has shown that e-Health implementations in Uganda have lacked prior planning stages that the literature notes as essential, for example strategy and need readiness assessment. Future research should address these shortcomings prior to introduction of e-Health innovations.
A situation analysis of psychiatrists in South Africa’s rural primary healthcare settings
Authors: De Kock Johannes H. , Pillay Basil J.
Published: May 2017

Background: South Africa (SA) has been facing serious challenges in providing human resources for the delivery of essential mental health (MH) services. The majority of its prescribing MH specialists, psychiatrists, practise in private, urban and peri-urban areas. The findings of a situation analysis audit of psychiatrist human resources in the public rural primary healthcare (PRPHC) sector are presented in this paper.Method: This audit was based on both primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained from key informant interviews with the clinical heads of 160 PRPHC facilities, while the secondary data comprised a literature review.Results: The results indicate that psychiatrists are severely underrepresented, employed at a rate of 0.03 per 100 000 population in SA’s PRPHC settings.Conclusions: Because of a lack of MH nurses and medical officers dedicated to MH in PRPHC facilities, recommendations are made that the current task shifting strategy be revisited to include more cadres of MH professionals with specialised psychopharmacological training, as non-medical prescribers at PRPHC level. It is advised that visiting psychiatrists and family physicians be involved in the construction of training and supervision programmes for non-medical prescribers at the primary healthcare level.
Mapping evidence of interventions and strategies to bridge the gap in the implementation of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme policy in sub-Saharan countries: A scoping review
Authors: Ngidi Wilbroda H. , Naidoo Joanne R. , Ncama Busisiwe P. , Luvuno Zamasomi P.B. , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani P.
Published: May 2017

Background: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is a life-saving public health intervention. Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have made significant progress in the programme, but little is known about the strategies used by them to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV.Aim: To map evidence of strategies and interventions employed by SSA in bridging the implementation gap in the rapidly changing PMTCT of HIV programme policy.Methods: Electronic search of the databases MEDLINE, PubMed and SABINET for articles published in English between 2001 and August 2016. Key words included ‘Sub-Saharan African countries’, ‘implementation strategies’, ‘interventions to bridge implementation gap’, ‘prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV’ and ‘closing implementation gap’.Results: Of a total of 743 articles, 25 articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Manual content analysis resulted in the identification of three categories of strategies: (1) health system (referral systems, integration of services, supportive leadership, systematic quality-improvement approaches that vigorously monitors programme performance); (2) health service delivery (task shifting, networking, shared platform for learning, local capacity building, supportive supervision); as well as (3) community-level strategies (community health workers, technology use – mHealth, family-centred approaches, male involvement, culturally appropriate interventions).Conclusion: There are strategies that exist in SSA countries. Future research should examine multifaceted scientific models to prioritise the highest impact and be evaluated for effectiveness and efficiency.