bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THREATS TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT FROM CLIMATE CHANGE AND LEGAL IMPACTS FRAMEWORK FOR TREATING IT
Authors: MUHANNED AJAB JINDEEL AL-DAHHAMI, BASHIR JAMMEH ABDUL JABBAR
Published: June 2023

Despite the importance of the marine environment, as a source of food, natural resources, a means of transportation, and a place for the disposal of waste and unwanted materials, it still suffers from some threats that pose a danger to it, and among the main threats that cause damage to the marine environment are threats resulting from the effects of climate change and ocean acidification, as the marine environment is affected by the harmful effects of climate change resulting from the existence of a close correlation between climate change and the phenomenon of ocean acidification, and countries cannot comply The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) and the 2015 Paris Agreement should be read in light of the broader commitments contained in the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and one step is to introduce an explicit requirement in the reporting procedures under the Paris Agreement for States to explain the steps they have taken to address ocean acidification.
THE COMPLIANCE WITH THE OBLIGATION TO PAY ZAKAT ON INCOME AMONG ISLAMIC EDUCATION TEACHERS IN KEDAH
Authors: MUHAMAD AMAR MAHMAD, MOHD NIZHO ABDUL RAHMAN, AZMAN MD ZAIN
Published: June 2023

Beginning in the late 1970s, zakat on income was debated in the Malaysian context. It was eventually accepted and started to be applied in Malaysia in the early 1990s. Zakat on employment income is required for people who are eligible to release zakat, according to the National Fatwa Committee's Fatwa Conference (Muzakarah), which was held on June 22, 1997. Nowadays, zakat institutions in Malaysia have undergone a paradigm shift as income zakat is brought into being as a fresh source. Zakat on income, including teachers in Kedah, especially the Islamic education options for certain reasons. Owing to this issue, a survey was done to determine how many Islamic general educators in Kedah complied with the requirement to give zakat on income. This study's design was created utilising a quantitative technique and a population of 141 respondents who were Kedah-based Islamic Education teachers. Its sample also included conversations with the Vice Chief Executive Officer, Dakwah, and Collecting LZNK. The results show that the level of compliance to pay income zakat is at a moderate level. Therefore, LZNK needs to find initiatives to encourage the largest group of Islamic Education teachers and this needs to be given attention. This is important because zakat on income not only helps the community in need but also to clean the income earned as well as an act of worship that has to be done for one to be prepared in the hereafter.
MEDIATING ROLE OF MANAGERIAL PERFORMANCE BETWEEN ADMINISTRATIVE POLICIES, ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE, ENFORCEMENT, AND VAT COLLECTION PERFORMANCE
Authors: NABIL YOUSUF MOHAMMAD FAKHARI, BADARIAH HAJI DIN, ROSDI OMAR
Published: June 2023

The study's primary goal is to comprehend how managerial performance influences the effectiveness of government reforms, organizational structure, compliance, and VAT collections (Bannaga, 2017). 364 national tax authority personnel from the UAE in generally, and Dubai and Abu Dhabi in specifically, were selected as respondents for the aforementioned reason. The study is based on primary research and followed a quantitative research approach using causal study technique. The study followed simple random sampling and applied structural equation modeling to test the direct and indirect effects. The study added a mediatory function for performance management to the Economic Thought of Business Taxes, supporting and contributing to the concept (Nguyen, 2019). Furthermore, the study is significant for the practitioners in the government sector in understanding how VAT collection can be improved. The study was limited to the context of UAE only and opened the horizons of new research over the same model to be applied in those economies where VAT collection is a big challenge.
RELEVANCE OF PATENTS IN THE GROWING FASHION INDUSTRY
Authors: SIDDHARTH RANKA, SAURABH RAJ, PRATEEK SIKCHI
Published: June 2023

Design patents are always considered as not an important tool for protection of designs under the India fashion scenario. Despite the fact that India's fashion industry is one of the most primitive industries and is estimated to be at around 110 billion dollars in the present time, and also is expected to cross 200 billion dollars by 2022. The textile and apparel industry in India is vital to economic competitiveness around the globe, as it contributes to almost 26% of India’s foreign exchange earnings. Employing at least 30 million people and many more in allied activities, the sector promises to build an ever-increasing job generation scheme and accounts for around 18% of the nation's industrial employment. In order to furnish this growing demand and supply by the consumers, the industry is constantly trying to incur changes through inventions, creations, designs through technology based advancements and also increase the productivity by lowering down the expenses for the same and achieving high generation of revenues. Many designers do not effectively try to protect their design through the regime of intellectual property, which stands as the most crucial when considering design as an aesthetic element. multiple efforts have been initiated by various designers, but have been mostly stalled or have caused problems in implementation may be due to lack of adequate laws in this area, but the growing space for copied designs and the relative impact of knockoffs and counterfeiting - serves as a threat to the fashion industry. as a result of which both emerging as well as established designers have to suffer and face the brunt of it. While a statue protecting fashion designers, does not find its existence under the Indian law, though there are certain laws in under the IP regime in India, where the designers are trying to sought protection and taking a legal stand against serious cases of infringement and piracy. This paper discusses about the crucial role of patents in the industry of fashion, how knockoff goods create a serious threat in the digital world, consider why designers do not usually choose to protect their work under the existing intellectual property protection, and show how patents can serve as an effective yet feasible way for designers to protect their designs.
THE EXTENT OF THE PERMISSIBILITY OF ABANDONING THE AUTHORITATIVE PROVISIONS AND DECISIONS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL JUDICIARY
Authors: HASHIM AHMAD MOHAMMAD BALAS
Published: June 2023

The constitution must be a living work capable of evolving with the development of society, and the legislator has the right to take new legislative measures that were considered contrary to the constitution years ago. In this research, we will show the position of jurisprudence and the Jordanian and comparative constitutional judiciary regarding the permissibility of abandoning the provisions of the constitution.The constitutional lawsuit is a concrete lawsuit that focuses on specific legal provisions, and that the opponent in the constitutional lawsuit is not one of the parties to the lawsuit, but is the legal text as long as it is applicable in any part of the constitutional lawsuit, even if it relates to a procedural aspect of the lawsuit.Non-compliance of the Constitutional Court with the decisions and rulings issued by them in the constitutional cases before it, which means the possibility of reconsidering those cases that have already been adjudicated, and the consequent possibility of reversing the previous rulings and contradictions in the rulings, which weakens confidence in the fairness of the constitutional judiciary , which is inconsistent with the authoritative nature of the rulings issued in the constitutional case, as they are final rulings that cannot be appealed in any way.
THE ISLAMIC LEGAL POLITICS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Authors: ASHRAF MOHAMAD GHARIBEH et al.
Published: June 2023

This paper (Sharia politics in Islamic international relations) deals with the nature of international relations in Islam. Islam established important international principles for this, including mercy, peace, justice, and respect for human dignity. The paper represents the belief of some that Islam was based on the edge of the sword, and that it legitimized the means of force to spread it. However, the reality confirms that Islam came with detailed rules that regulated the relationship of mankind with his Creator and the relationship between human beings. And that the nature of Islam requires understanding, persuasion, and explaining the content of the message to all people, and this nature is not compatible with the use of force of any kind. Accordingly, this paper has been divided into three main sections, first section deals with the organization of Islam for international relations, the second section, deals with war as an exception in international relations in Islam, and the third section deals with causes of war in Islam. The paper concludes several results, the most important of which is that the legal policy in international relations is based on combining two things, namely, adherence to the provisions and rules of Islamic law, while achieving the circumstantial interests of the Islamic state and benefiting from the experiences of relevant human societies, in a manner that does not contradict with Islamic law.
STATE GST COMPENSATION: STATES OR UNION OBLIGATION
Authors: PURVA GUPTA, BINDU JINDAL
Published: June 2023

In the fiscal year 2020-21, the Central government of India originally refused to pay the states for genuine and false GST revenue losses. While state governments raced to garner support for their legal and financial arguments for their requests, the Centre recited situational necessity and the want of any responsibilities as justifications for its rejection. It provided the states with two compensation alternatives, both of which included borrowing. The Centre, on the other hand, had pledged the opposite, as shown by GST Council sessions and the 101st Statutory Modification Act. The vow includes the responsibility to provide a steady supply of compensation-credit to states, which is especially onerous given the state's tremendous sacrifice. The formation of statutory tax-fields outside of Roster VII of the Constitution of India, in addition to the Centre’s disproportionately dominant role in executing these, was both dependent on the future consideration of the state. The "anti-coercion" doctrine is now recognized in American Statutory law as having its foundation in this. This study shows that this idea has been implicitly enshrined in the Indian Constitution. Hence, GST compensation turns into a statutorily mandated duty, thereby curtailing the Centre's legal latitude. The GST Compensation Act and the GST Statutory Framework will be the main focus of this research.
EFFECTS OF WORKPLACE OSTRACISM ON STRESS AND WORK ENGAGEMENT OF UNIVERSITY TEACHERS
Authors: MEHWISH JABEEN BUSHRA NAOREEN, FARHAN AJMAD, SHUMAILA SHAHZAD, NIDA KHALID,
Published: June 2023

The present study aimed to examine the impact of workplace ostracism on stress and work engagement among university teachers. A descriptive survey research methodology was employed, utilizing questionnaires to gather data from the participants. The target population consisted of teachers from three universities in the Faisalabad district, and a sample size of 155 teachers was selected. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed a positive correlation between workplace ostracism and stress. Specifically, a one-unit increase in workplace ostracism was associated with a corresponding 0.283 unit increase in stress levels. Conversely, a negative correlation was observed between workplace ostracism and work engagement. Alternatively stated, a one-unit increase in workplace ostracism resulted in a 0.015 unit decrease in work engagement. In conclusion, workplace ostracism was found to have a detrimental effect on stress levels and work engagement. Based on these findings, the study suggests that universities should implement and enforce policies aimed at mitigating teacher ostracism and fostering a supportive work environment. This approach is likely to enhance teachers' work engagement and overall well-being. It is important for universities to prioritize the implementation of such measures to ensure a positive and conducive workplace atmosphere for their teachers.
ANALYSIS OF LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS OF COURT INSTITUTIONS IN DECIDING CASES RELATED TO GRANT SULTAN LAND IN INDONESIA
Authors: RAFIQI, OK . SAIDIN, M. YAMIN LUBIS, EDY IKHSAN
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze legal considerations of court institutions in deciding cases related to land grants by the sultan in Indonesia. The type of research conducted in this study is a normative juridical research which includes a historical approach (historical approach) and a statutory approach. The data sources of this research are primary data or library data or literature obtained or sourced from legal materials. Data collection techniques include interview studies, library research, and field research in various institutions, agencies and private sectors. The data collection tool used is an interview guide involving informants. The results of this study found that The judge's consideration, in the court's decision, is that the judge does not understand the Grant Sultan Criteria to make the Decision, it is suggested that the judge can be guided by the Grant Sultan Criteria which can be the guideline for the Court's Decision. The establishment of a Land Court is possible, to measure the effectiveness of the performance of the judiciary, especially regarding customary land.
CRYPTOCURRENCIES: LEGAL TREATMENT IN VARIOUS JURISDICTIONS.
Authors: JOSE ALEXANDER VELASQUEZ OCHOA et al.
Published: June 2023

Through this study, a small investigation related to cryptoactives or cryptocurrencies is reported, analyzing the legal treatment given to them in various jurisdictions, for which the application of a descriptive method that observes the treatment of these cryptocurrencies in countries where, due to the same social dynamics, it has been adapted to be able to observe them as a new way of carrying out transactions, once this small analysis has been carried out, the author's position in relation to cryptocurrencies is generated.
SOIL PROBLEMS IN HOUSING DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: ANALYSIS OF CAUSES IN LEGAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: MARYAM NABILAH ZAMALIK, MOHD NASRUN MOHD NAWI, SURIA MUSA
Published: June 2023

Soil problems are a pathetic occurrence in Malaysia's housing industry. Since Independence Day, the housing industry has expanded and spread across the nation, however soil problems have continued to plague the sector, which caused a negative trend. Although land, planning, building, and housing laws have been enacted in Parliament to control and regulate the Malaysian housing development industry, it is regrettable that these disasters are still common and persist today. Through its literature review, this paper elaborates on the causes of housing failures in relation to soil problems from a legal perspective, right from the outset of the development until the completion of the housing projects thereof. The discussion includes why and how the legal problems occurred and the stakeholders' and purchaser residents' grievances and losses. It aims to identify the current and possible legal problems and issues associated with and arising from the soil problems. The study also includes references to case laws subject to the availability of the reported cases. The study questions why and how the situations happen where justification is necessary throughout the discussion of these stages.
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF REFLEXIVE LOSS CLAIMS IN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT DISPUTES
Authors: SAKSHAM MISRA et al.
Published: June 2023

In contemporary times corporations are aggressively making international investments in diverse economic activities. Private corporations seek protection for their investments under international investment treaties. They raise claims under international investment treaties for recovery of compensations for the losses resulting from the actions of the host state regulatory agencies. The right to claim compensation should ideally be available and exercised only by investor corporations. But in certain cases, the shareholders of the investor corporation have also raised claims, for the recovery of losses incurred by the reduction in the share prices. Such claims by shareholders are called reflexive loss claims. In this paper, the authors have adopted the normative doctrinal research method, for examining the enforceability of reflexive losses claims by the shareholders of the investor corporation under an international investment treaty. Most of the matured jurisdictions practice the rule of "no reflexive losses claim" as a matter of policy in their investment law disputes. Accordingly, there is a sense of legal uncertainty internationally regarding the enforceability of reflexive losses claims under international investment treaty. Further the authors in this paper have also tested the feasibility of private ordering solutions to reflexive claims issues. To carry out the analysis, the authors have framed the following research questions – "R.Q. 1" - Whether Reflexive losses claims by the shareholders against the actions of the host state are enforceable under investor-state investment disputes? “R.Q. 2" – Is the private ordering solution feasible for preventing the shareholder from raising the Reflexive losses claims? The authors have used graphical and diagrammatic presentations for explaining the technical aspects of reflexive loss claims. The analysis has revealed that the enforceability of reflexive losses claims is under a dilemma and a sense of uncertainty prevails regarding it. Further the solution of private ordering is legally valid option to overcome reflexive losses claims. But it has chilling effect on the other treaty provisions relating to investment protection.
SIMPLE EVIDENCE OF BANKRUPTCY CASES IN COURT BASED ON IUS CONSTITUENDUM OF CIVIL PROCEDURAL LAW
Authors: FENCE M. WANTU et al.
Published: June 2023

Simple evidence principle in the Commercial Court is not easy to imagine. Simple evidence (sumir) currently still uses civil procedural law as a formal source in court. In addition it exists in various other regulations such as bankruptcy. The purposes of this study are 1). Analyze simple evidence (sumir) practices in bankruptcy cases in court, especially civil courts. 2). Analyze the ius constituendum regulation of simple evidence (sumir) of bankruptcy cases in court based on civil procedural law.This research used method of normative legal research. It also used doctrinal research. The approach is carried out using the following methods: statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach.The results of the research indicated that simple evidence (sumir) practices in bankruptcy cases in court, especially civil courts, are not as simple as one imagine because in reality there are inconsistencies in the panel of judges in examining cases. Afterward, the ius constituendum regulation for simple evidence (mumir) of bankruptcy cases in court based on civil procedural law is absolutely necessary to prevent inconsistencies in interpretation between the panel of judges examining the case.
HUMAN RIGHTS CONSTITUTION ON HEALTH PROTECTION OF INDONESIAN CITIZENS
Authors: MOHAMAD HIDAYAT MUHTAR et al.
Published: June 2023

This study examines the protection of health rights in Indonesia from the perspective of human rights and the Indonesian constitution. The study aims to analyze relevant regulations and articles on health rights protection and propose an ideal pattern in health protection for citizens within the framework of human rights and the Indonesian constitution. The methodology used in this study is a descriptive-analytic approach with a focus on normative legal research. The results show that the right to health is a fundamental human right and must be guaranteed by the state following the constitution and human rights law. The study also identifies various aspects of health rights protection, including the right to quality and affordable health services, health insurance, and eliminating discrimination in health services. Moreover, the study proposes an ideal pattern for health protection for different vulnerable groups, including women, children, people with disabilities, elderly people, and people with HIV/AIDS. The proposed ideal pattern includes policies and regulations to support reducing maternal mortality, strengthening child health programs, realizing disability-friendly health facilities, providing long-term care services for elderly people, and eliminating stigmatization and discrimination against PLHIV. Overall, this study highlights the importance of fulfilling the health rights of all citizens in Indonesia and provides recommendations to achieve this goal.
LIMITATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 IN VIETNAM
Authors: NGUYEN DUY DUNG, NGUYEN TAT THANH
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is causing severe impacts on the world and Vietnam. Not only does it affect the lives and health of each individual, but it also threatens the economy, politics, and social stability of countries all over the world. Many countries have taken different response measures within their capabilities. But these epidemic prevention and control measures have raised concerns about their effect on the constitutional rights of people in society. This research paper aims to provide an analysis of limitations on constitutional rights in Vietnam in the context of the COVID -19, the deficiency of Vietnamese law on this issue. To achieve its objective, general and specific scientific scholarly research methods, including those denominated concrete-historical, logically historical, system-based, comparative legal (law), among others, are carried out. The paper clarified the legal provisions on constitutional rights, scientific views on the limitation of rights, and the fact of rights limitation in Vietnam in the COVID-19. At the same time, point out the inadequacies in the provisions of Vietnamese law and offer some solutions. The authors argue that the Government of Vietnam has enacted several legal documents restricting constitutional rights at different levels; however, the legality of these documents is a matter of controversy. At present, in Vietnam, the constitutional jurisdiction mechanism is still quite opaque, processes of power control, so far, have not been built in special situations of the society, and there is a lack of tools to assess the reasonableness of limitation of rights. The most important task here is to build completeness and enhance the effectiveness of the legal system, including constitutional norms.
COMPARATIVE RHETORIC IN SOME EPICS OF THE EDE PEOPLE IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS OF VIETNAM
Authors: NGUYEN MINH HOAT, NGUYEN THI THANH HUYEN
Published: June 2023

The Ede epic is a part of the epic of the Central Highlands, Vietnam, created by the Ede people in the early period of history. This is a genre filled with fictional, beautiful colors; its language has rhymes, and rhythms, describing heroic feats in labor and combat; monumental and majestic images of major events taking place in the life of the community. The epic of Ede comprehensively reflects the economic, and social life and customs of Ede people. It, simultaneously, expresses a desire of the nation for a happy and prosperous life; praises love, nobility, and human courage before the trials of nature and in the struggle against evil. On the basis of the theory of comparative and rhetorical comparison; the structure of rhetorical comparison, the article studies the art of rhetorical comparison in some epics: Dam San, Xing Nha, Khing Ju of the Ede people in the Central Highlands of Vietnam; Clarifying the elements of rhetorical comparison, such as: The element to be compared; Comparative aspect factor; Comparative relation elements – comparative words; Comparative factor. Thereby clarifying the value of the art of rhetorical comparison in the Ede epic for the content of the work and showing the cultural features of the Ede people in ancient times.
COVID-19 VACCINATION POLICY BY THE INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT: A CONSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: AMINUDDIN KASIM et al.
Published: June 2023

The existence of the Covid-19 pandemic is a very dangerous threat to the nation and state, so concrete steps are needed to deal with its spread. This research aims to find out the notion of social protection in the constitution, as well as to assess the alignment of the Indonesian Government's vaccination policy with the constitution. This research is a normative juridical legal research. This research aims to find the alignment of vaccination policies with constitutional values and assess public compliance with vaccination policies. The results show that the Indonesian constitution in the understanding of social protection adheres to the concept of socialism - solidarity which is based on the protection of human rights, justice and benefit, and as for the vaccination policy carried out by the government, it is in line with constitutional values because it contains protection of health rights.
BANK GUARANTEE CLAIMS AS COLLATERAL FOR BENEFICIARY IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: PRAWITRA THALIB et al.
Published: June 2023

One type of credit facility that is currently widely used in banking institutions in business circles is bank guarantees. In practice, a bank guarantee as a guarantee certificate given by a bank to the project owner on behalf of the contractor, the value of the bank guarantee must be the same as the guaranteed project value. This study will analyze and find out about bank guarantee claims as collateral for beneficiary in construction projects. This research is a normative juridical research and is descriptive-analytical in nature, namely making a systematic study of the facts including describing the applicable regulations. As for the claim from the bank guarantee, there are no special provisions regarding the procedures or conditions in the Banking Law or in the OJK Regulation, and the regulation on bank guarantees as regulated in the SEBI and the Decree of the Board of Directors of Bank Indonesia does not technically regulate regarding claims of bank guarantees in construction projects, whereas in practice bank guarantees are almost absolutely necessary in every construction project.
SUSPENSION OF CONTRACT AND ITS IMPACT ON CONTRACT OBLIGATIONS
Authors: ASEEL MAHMOUD AL-RASHDAN
Published: June 2023

This purpose of this research is to examine the impact of suspending the execution of a contract on obligations in bilateral contracts. Suspension is a legal means based on judicial and practical applications and insurance custom. The importance of this research is clear given the changing economic conditions of the world today, and their consequences based on traditional solutions of termination and annulment of contracts. These are at odds with the contract suspension system that helps to overcome any difficulties or obstacles out of the control of the contracting parties that prevent its execution and to continue its existence with the aim of preserving the contractual bond and preventing it from disappearing for a certain period of time. Once the difficulties have ended the contract shall come back into force with the same terms and conditions that were agreed upon in advance. Due to the failure of Jordanian law to address this topic, we have tried through this research to show what the system of suspending the execution of a contract is and its impact on the obligations of contractors during the suspension period and after the resumption of the execution of the contract.
THE APPLICATION OF FORCE MAJEURE IN THE RESOLUTION OF UNPAID DEBTS AT BANKING INSTITUTIONS RESULTING FROM NATURAL DISASTERS
Authors: TARMIZI, ATIKA SANDRA DEWI
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study was to examine how non-performing credit agreements resulting from natural disasters associated with force majeure are settled, and the measures taken by banks to resolve bad loans. The research employed both juridical normative and descriptive analytic methods, analyzing primary and secondary data and evaluating them qualitatively with the help of legal provisions. Qualitative descriptions were used to reinforce the previous description and answer the fundamental questions, thus leading to valuable conclusions and suggestions. The findings of the study disclosed that credit contracts did not have any regulations regarding force majeure, making it challenging for banks to execute them. This resulted in debtors, mainly being farmers, encountering issues in paying off their loans. The strategy to tackle non-performing loans was to clear any credit owed by individuals who had been relocated. This approach provided legal protection by granting certainty for people affected by natural disasters.
INFLUENCE OF MANAGERIAL SKILLS ON THE BUSINESS MODEL OF SMALL FIRMS
Authors: MACHA HUAMÁN ROBERTO et al.
Published: June 2023

Objective: To evaluate the influence of managerial skills on the business model of small companies. Methodology: Quantitative approach, non-experimental design of explanatory scope; the sample was 181 leaders and managers of small companies; the instrument used was the questionnaire. Results: the three managerial skills together explain (1) 65.5% of the business model of small companies; (2) 60.5% of the knowledge of the company's external factors and (3) 49.3% of the knowledge of the company's internal factors. Therefore, the study showed that managerial skills are positive and significant for the functioning of the business model of small enterprises. Conclusion: technical ability is the most relevant because it explains: (1) 47.1% of the business model; (2) 47.2% of the knowledge of external factors; and (3) 38.7% of the knowledge of internal factors. Conceptual ability explains (1) 34% of the business model; (2) 34.8% of the knowledge of external factors and (3) 27.3% of the knowledge of internal factors. Human ability explains (1) 24% of the business model; (2) 18.2% of the knowledge of external factors and (3) 25.6% of the knowledge of internal factors.
INFLUENCE OF THE PERCEPTION OF SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN TACNA'S BANKING AGENCIES
Authors: RUBENS HOUSON PÉREZ-MAMANI et al.
Published: June 2023

The general objective of the research is to determine the influence of the perception of service quality on customer loyalty in Tacna's banking agencies. The type of research was explanatory level with a non-experimental design, the data were collected by the cross-section; the sample was composed of 170 customers, the technique used was the survey and the instrument was the questionnaire, and the approach was quantitative. It was found that 54.7% of the clients perceive that the quality of service in Tacna's bank branches is adequate, where the most important dimension was the "Physical aspect"; 49.4% considered their loyalty to their preferred entity to be fair, where the most important dimension was "Relative attitude". It is concluded that there is an influence of perceived service quality on customer loyalty (Nagelkerke coefficient = 75.7%); similarly, physical appearance (Nagelkerke coefficient = 31.7%), service delivery (Nagelkerke coefficient = 57.9%) and new technologies (Nagelkerke coefficient = 79.5%) have a significant influence on customer loyalty (Nagelkerke coefficient = 79.5%).
FOSTERING BETTER PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIZEN TRUST ON RIAU ISLANDS RURAL COASTAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: ZULHENDRI et al.
Published: June 2023

This study aims to get a comprehensive condition of citizen trust to the different village government characteristics in the coastal area of Riau Islands Province. The study of previous research literature systematically placed this research as a system of thinking to be used for improving the practice of promoting citizen trust towards the implementation of village government in a sustainable manner. Through the use of qualitative descriptive research design, researchers emphasize the technicality of primary data collection with key in-depth interviews from the rural community, local businesses and also empower academics which expertise relevantly. Information was collected, managed, and analyzed gradually and systematically to produce a valid and reliable conclusion. The results illustrate that each characteristic village shows a various picture of citizen trust conditions. However, there is a major node of citizen trust vulnerability which includes aspects concerning, the plan for allocating needs and using rural development budgets that are misperceptions both shown by the citizen and the rural government itself. Thus strengthening the social learning process through the support of relevant in-depth inquiry from the sociology disciplines and anthropology concerning rural development will complement the efforts which fostering the sustainable citizens trust towards their rural government.
THE GIRL, WHO CRIED WOLF, JAILED!
Authors: RIEZKY APRILLIA et al.
Published: June 2023

The development in the usage of information technology nowadays is not only for positive activities, but also for criminal activities. One of the crimes having massive impact is by using information and technology media to spread fake news, false information, insults, or defamation. This is proven to have caused problems and challenges in law enforcement, especially for law enforcers. The findings of this study conclude, that criminal law policies related to the regulations on spreading misinformation are still very limited and irrelevant to be applied to the act of spreading misinformation through information technology. The existence of limited rules, results in law enforcement practices that tend to be forced and expanded, thus resulting in criminal law enforcement which is discriminative in nature, not in accordance with the objectives of law enforcement to create legal certainty, justice, and benefits the society is seeking.
LEGAL SHIELD TO THE PUBLIC AGAINST ABUSE OF CHEMICAL MEDICINAL RAW MATERIALS IN USUAL MEDICINE CONTAINING CHEMICAL MEDICINAL RAW MATERIALS
Authors: PUTI PRIYANA et al.
Published: June 2023

In Indonesia, usual medical systems have been practiced through hereditary traditions supported by cultural factors, customs, habits, and the social conditions of people. Almost everyone thinks that usual medicines are used as alternative medicines that are effective because they are made of ordinary ingredients without dangerous medicinal chemicals (BKO). The aim of this research was to determine legal shields and to know the oversight provided by the government regarding the circulation of usual medicines containing chemical raw materials. This study uses a standard legal procedure. Usual medicines containing chemical raw materials do not even have a distribution permit number for sale to the public. The form of legal shield given to the public as consumers of usual medicines containing chemical raw materials is a form of Defensive legal shield and repressive shield. Law No. 8 of 1999 on consumer shield also regulates the right to indemnity administered by consumers as individuals affected by the consumption of usual medicines containing hazardous chemicals. As a form of supervision, the government established the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (POM) based on Part 23 of Presidential Decree No. 103 of 2001. Another form of oversight given by the government regarding the circulation of usual medicines made from chemical raw materials is the 2012 Health Rules on registration of usual medicines, which are controlled in Law No. 36 Year 2009 on Health, which also regulates restrictions for offenders in the manufacture, distribution/trade of usual medicines without permission to distribute them.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES AND THE RELATING STATUTES
Authors: BHANU GANGWAL
Published: June 2023

The Internet is a massive computer complex that has caused millions of deaths and served both as a force of protection and destruction. As all coins have two faces, another hand of Internet is that it had overwhelmed the population by making them authentic to such a base, and multitudinous fake malefactors were in control of the situation on a single face where everything from shopping to cooking to watching live sports events was made easier. In addition, a social networking community is a community which connects or adjoins one people or community with another people or community around the globe whose health and backgrounds are insolvable to distinguish. A healthy app like Facebook or LinkedIn allows a person to produce a particular runner that adjoins them to their given family or musketeers or like- inclined individualities and allows them to feel happy and proud. Advanced sweats to limit the internet usage for order and connecting on a following, ethical, educational, safety, and fresh base have redounded from the shocking shift in gregarious authority. These events have redounded in legal and limited sweats to reduce the pitfalls associated with this new normal, which include fraud, pornography, hacking, and hacking while druggies are alone, thinker property, public security, and stoner time alone. In this setting, the current exploration trouble is free to probe the use of social community networking websites and cyber security regulations in an applicable manner. In the present exploration bid, 100 repliers (scholars at universities in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India) who constantly use collaborative media gear for winning performance of their day- to- day lives were the subject of exploratory and regular cave into slant for data compendium and psychoanalysis. The views of the repliers were statistically anatomized using SPSS's One- Way ANOVA, and the issues redounded in a negative response to the null thesis and a positive response to the alternate thesis, which states that- H1- There's a significant association between the use of social networking spots and legal violations. The current study can be attributed to some of the well- known cases that made captions. The purpose of this study was to establish a link between the position of the collaborative medium and the specifics or reason for the prevalence in exaggerated statutory businesses.
PSYCHO-SOCIO FACETS OF HONOUR KILLING
Authors: SHREYA, REKHA VERMA
Published: June 2023

Honor based violence including the crime of honour killing has been occurring in most part of the world, from the middle East, Asia, Europe and the most developed country like USA. Through this research paper the researcher has tried to examine various psycho-socio aspects of honour killing. The current paper is an effort to evaluate the literature currently accessible and available on the subject of honour killing, but with a difference that evaluation has been done from psycho-socio-cultural angle. For this purpose researcher has relied upon reports from media, various renounced research papers. Herein, the scholar has made an attempt as how the crime of honour killing co-relates with several psychological aspects such as honour, culture, morality, attitude and belief? These aspects are the main bone of contention between both the individual and the family. There are multiple reasons for honour killing, a few to be put down here are, own choice of spouse, education and employment, dress code and extra marital relationship. Out of these sexuality is the main cause. Researcher has tried to define honour killing and its various forms. Researcher have tried to find out, as why perpetrators execute murder in the name of honour killing even when some other psychological factor such as sentiments, feelings, emotions and humanity are stronger that psychological factors which indicates honour killing. As to why society follows the cultural and social measures dictated by khap panchayat, rather than adhering to so many laws enactment by legislation and judiciary, which are easily accessible to them? Honour killing causes panic and commotion in society, creates instability in social life and takes away many lives and also a hindrance in national development.
PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS IN INDIA UNDER THE COMPANIES ACT,2013
Authors: BHAVYA GANGWAL, MAHESH KOOLWAL
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyze, illustrate, and discuss Indian procedural laws governing mergers and acquisitions (M&A). The goal is to provide institutions and directors involved in deals involving foreign investment and accession with useful policy guidelines. The purpose of this article is to investigate the legal framework of the Companies Act of 2013's junction and accession clauses. Deals with advanced valuations have been delayed or failed due to a lack of fiscal structure, the erratic behavior of government officers, and interference of the politicians. Additionally, the recently elected governing authorities has attempted to encourage additional investment from other progressive and upcoming requests by simplifying the investment regulations and providing duty breaks. These are the most significant compliances. Eventually, the change would support rule makers, M&A counsel, legal advisers, investment bankers, private firms, transnational funds planning to invest in Indian commerce, and legal advisers.
EDUCATIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
Authors: VEENA PRASAD et al.
Published: June 2023

With the lightning-fast pace of technological advancements, scientific as well as medical innovation that we are witnessing in the modern world, intellectual property has increasingly taken on the role of playing a vital role. In addition, shifts in the global economic environment have had an impact on the evolution of business models in which intellectual property plays a central role in determining value and potential for growth. To fulfil its international obligations outlined in the "World Trade Organization Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights", the country has recently enacted a number of new laws intended to strengthen protections for "intellectual property rights (IPRs) (TRIPS)". This demand has resulted in an increase in the number of professionals who specialise in intellectual property. The purpose of this study is to broaden the professionals' understanding of intellectual property and to provide them with a more in-depth understanding of the subject matter. This will enable the professionals to practise, and procedure of the intellectual property that is protected through "patents, trademarks, copyrights, designs, and geographical indications". In addition to satisfying the prerequisites for a potential career path in this field, the purpose of this paper is to cultivate specialised education in the body of knowledge and the complexities of the various aspects of the subject.
IMPLEMENTATION OF E-GOVERNMENT IN PUBLIC SERVICES THROUGH THE ONLINE TAX SYSTEM (E-TAX) IN THE CITY OF GORONTALO
Authors: WAHYUDI GOBEL et al.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the application of e-government in public services through the online tax system (e-tax) in Gorontalo City. This study used a qualitative approach with case study design. This qualitative research process involves important efforts, such as asking questions and procedures, collecting data, and interpreting the meaning of data. The application of E-Government in public services through the online tax system (E-Tax) in Gorontalo City has been running quite optimally. This refers to Presence, Interaction, Transaction and Transformation.
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON TRADITIONAL BUSINESSES IN THE CITY OF MACAS IN 2020 CAUSED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: JÁCOME TAMAYO SANDRA PATRICIA et al.
Published: June 2023

The impact of the current health crisis is greatly affecting the global development of the different macroeconomic sectors of the country and the world; social, cultural, productive sectors, among others. This research aims to analyze the economic impact on traditional businesses in the city of Macas in 2020, as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 health crisis, through the application of a survey for the approach of strategies focused on economic reactivation. The bibliographic consultation of several terms was carried out, using a research with a mixed approach, of the descriptive and field type, supported by the inductive and deductive methods that allowed to collect information to establish the effects of COVID-19 in the traditional businesses of the city of Macas. Tomaintain the operations must comply with the measures for the health emergency generated by the national and cantonal COE, of which the traffic lights stand out with clear rules in terms of capacity, use of the mask and alcohol, also defined symptoms to consider to isolate employees of public and private institutions, It was possible to establish the reduction in liquidity, income and profitability of the businesses, many fired their staff others stopped fulfilling their obligations are at risk the business, so marketing strategies were designed focused on improving income, such as: combos or presentation on social networks so that current and potential customers can know more about traditional businesses, They are expected to improve their revenue from their application.
CONSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEES CONNECTED TO THE RIGHTS OF LITIGANTS DURING THE ELECTRONIC TRIAL: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE JORDANIAN CONSTITUTION AND LEGISLATION
Authors: JEHAN KHALID AL-ZUBI, ABDEL-KAREEM OTTALLH AL- KARABSHEH
Published: June 2023

Electronic trial (e-trial) is currently regarded as one of the most important steps adopted by countries. The Jordanian legislator has issued many laws and legislations that incarnate and reinforce this approach. The present study endeavored to explain the concept of e-trialand the extent of its compatibility with the constitutional principles that guarantee the rights of defenseto present evidentiary requirements whether those connected to granting litigants the right to provide evidence that helps prove or refute this right, as well as enshrine the principle of publicity, which allows anyone to view the course of the trial. As a result, the Jordanian legislator was keen to provide the requirements of e-trial due to its distinctive features that make it an urgent necessity, especially since the ultimate objective of the electronic judiciary (e-judiciary)does not differ from the traditional court, which aims to grant everyone his due.
"EMPOWERING RICE FARMERS THROUGH K-WORKERS COMPETENCY FRAMEWORK: ENHANCING FARMER PARTICIPATION IN RICE ESTATE COMMUNITIES (KEP)"
Authors: TEGUH IMAN SANTOSO, BUDI FACHRUDIN
Published: June 2023

Workers require appropriate competencies to succeed in their job, particularly within the scope of the Estate Community (KEP). KEP is a community initiated by the Bogor Agricultural Institute to assist farmers in improving their standard of living. The purpose of this research is to propose a model of worker competencies adapted to Farmer Workers in the Rice Estate Community (KEP). This research is quantitative in nature, using an explanatory study design, supported by data from questionnaires distributed to workers in the Rice Estate Community (KEP). The population consists of farmer workers in the Padi Sungai Dua Estate Community, Palembang. The population and sample used a saturated sample. The research sample is all 61 new members of KEP. The instrument used is the K-Workers Competency research instrument from the research of Santoso and Hasan (2018). The analysis was carried out through demographic analysis, as well as Structural Equational Modelling (SEM) analysis using SmartPLS 3. The SEM analysis shows a well-adjusted K-Workers model for worker farmer perceptions, with 3 out of 8 hypotheses proven to be significant and 5 rejected. K-Workers’ competencies have an impact on farmer workers' participation in the rice estate community. These findings have significance in terms of theory, practicality, and policy determination and can contribute to the formation of similar Rice Estate Community (KEP) patterns.