bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Costos por corrosión de hierro ASTM A36 en procesos hidrometalurgicos auriferos. Comparación entre cianuro y tiourea
Authors: Romero Bonilla Hugo Ítalo , Tello Román Diana Carolina , Vega Quezada Cristhian Antonio , Castillo Sánchez Andrés Enrique
Published: August 2017

En esta investigación se determinó la velocidad de corrosión (Vcorr) de hierro ASTM A36, en soluciones de cianuro de sodio en concentraciones de 0,62 g/L; 0,80 g/L y de tiourea 0.96 g/L; 1.24 g/L. Adicionalmente se evaluó el efecto de este deterioro en los costos asociados a procesos de lixiviación aurífera. La velocidad de corrosión se determinó en mm/año mediante curvas de polarización. Se realizó un análisis de costos utilizando indicadores sintéticos. Los resultados muestran que la velocidad de corrosión del metal es ligeramente mayor en la solución de tiourea 1,24 g/L (3,03 mm/año) con el siguiente comportamiento: corrosión de hierro ASTM A36 en Tiourea 1,24g/L > Tiourea 0,96 g/L > Cianuro 0,80 g/L ≈ Cianuro 0,62 g/L. Se pudo estimar que los costos por corrosión en los procesos de lixiviación aurífera se encuentran entre el 4,78 y 5,20% del capital para cianuro y tiourea respectivamente.
El mundo cultural andino en las publicaciones del Seminario de Historia Rural Andina (1968-2015)
Authors: Andazabal Cayllahua Rosaura
Published: August 2017

El presente texto delinea el aporte historiográfico en torno al mundo cultural andino —con énfasis en los estudios sobre el Arte, la Oralidad y la cosmogonía— con el que el Seminario de Historia Rural Andina ha dado su aporte durante estos cincuenta años de vida académica en favor de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Trabajo que se perfila en tres grandes bloques cronológicos segmentados en estudios de carácter multidisciplinario (1968-2015), uno segundo donde la oralidad pura se trasunta en la serie La Quillca (1975-1993) y un tercer momento desarrollado hacia la década de los noventa con el Proyecto Cuentos Pintados del Perú que se sigue trabajando al presente.

The Andean cultural material in the publications of the Seminario
de Historia Rural Andina: 1968-2015

ABSTRACT:
This article discusses the historiographical contributions to Andean cultural topics emphasizing art, oral history and cosmogony. These issues are presented in three phases: 1968-2015: multidisciplinary studies; oral history studies expressed through the “La Quillca” journal series: 1975-1993; Peruvian painted oral history project: 1990-).

Keywords: Andean Art; Andean Orality; Seminar of Andean Rural History; Pablo Macera.
Antonio Zapata, Pensando a la derecha: historia intelectual y política
Authors: Paliza Sánchez Luis
Published: August 2017

El destacado y reconocido historiador Antonio Zapata nos entrega un libro de historia política-coyuntural. Libro que, como él menciona, fue un desafío para un militante de izquierda, quien pretende no caer en el “prejuicio y condena moral”. Basándose no sólo en fuentes escritas (periódicos, libros, cartas), sino en las conversaciones con colegas, alumnos y militantes de izquierda, el libro reflexiona y se construye a partir de las candidaturas de Keiko Fujimori, Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, Alan García y César Acuña.
Health Care Expenditures and Utilization for Children With Noncomplex Chronic Disease
Authors: Hoefgen Erik R. , Andrews Annie L. , Richardson Troy , Hall Matthew , Neff John M. , Macy Michelle L. , Bettenhausen Jessica L. , Shah Samir S. , Auger Katherine A.
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND:

Pediatric health care expenditures and use vary by level of complexity and chronic illness. We sought to determine expenditures and use for children with noncomplex chronic diseases (NC-CDs).

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of Medicaid enrollees (ages 0–18 years) from January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2013, using administrative claims (the Truven MarketScan Medicaid Database). Patients were categorized by chronicity of illness by using 3M Health Information System’s Clinical Risk Groups (CRGs) as follows: without chronic diseases (WO-CDs) (CRG 1–2), NC-CDs (CRG 3–5), and complex chronic diseases (C-CDs) (CRG 6–9). Primary outcomes were medical expenditures, including total annualized population expenditure and per-member per-year expenditure (PMPY). Secondary outcomes included the number of health care encounters over the 2-year period.

RESULTS:

There were 2 424 946 children who met inclusion criteria, 53% were WO-CD; 36% had an NC-CD; and 11% had a C-CD. Children with NC-CDs accounted for 33% ($2801 PMPY) of the annual spending compared with 20% ($1151 PMPY) accounted for by children WO-CDs and 47% ($12 569 PMPY) by children with C-CDs. The median outpatient visit count by group over the 2-year period was 15 (interquartile range [IQR] 10–25) for NC-CD, 8 (IQR 5–13) WO-CD, and 34 (IQR 19–72) for C-CD.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children with NC-CDs accounted for 33% of pediatric Medicaid expenditures and have significantly higher PMPY and aggregate annual expenditures than children WO-CDs. The annual aggregate expenditures of the NC-CD group represent a significant societal cost because of the high volume of children, extrapolated to ∼$34.9 billion annually in national Medicaid expenditures.
Linguagem, sentido e contexto: considerações sobre comunicação e história
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Paula Goulart , Martins Bruno Guimarães , Antunes Elton
Published: August 2017

O artigo discute as dificuldades de se pensar a noção de contexto histórico no âmbito da pesquisa comunicacional. Dialogamos com proposições das teorias da linguagem que refletem sobre a linguagem, seu caráter performativo e sua materialização nos meios de comunicação, e da teoria da história, especialmente a tradição que persegue continuidades e descontinuidades de uma história cultural. Nossa discussão encaminha-se em torno de duas proposições básicas: 1) a maneira como o conceito de contexto, compreendido de forma automática, impõe uma qualidade referencial ao texto histórico nos estudos do fenômeno comunicativo que oculta, justamente, seus aspectos comunicacionais; 2) a compreensão de que inverter a percepção dos meios de comunicação como parte de um “fundo” sócio histórico para a de uma “figura” de uma história cultural pode fortalecer a reflexão acerca da historicidade no campo da comunicação. Tal movimento poderá contribuir para que a ilusão do contexto seja ultrapassada por uma perspectiva heurística no campo da pesquisa em comunicação.
Uma ponte entre duas margens ou a triste história política da travessia do rio Oiapoque
Authors: FLEURDORGE Denis
Published: August 2017

Este artigo aborda um caso concreto entre o Brasil e a França, noticiado em jornais, que se apresenta como um exemplo de impasse numa relação de comunicação, política, diplomacia e interesse social.
The Effects of Multisensory-Based Instruction Combined with Brain-Compatible Environment Techniques on Reading Fluency and Reading Comprehension of Fourth-Grade Students with Dyslexia/Učinci poučavanja utemeljenog na višeosjetilnosti i tehnikama okoline p
Authors: Soliman Mohammad Said , Al-Madani Feras Mohammed
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe main goal of the present study was to examine the effects of multisensory-based instruction combined with brain-compatible environment techniques on the reading fluency and comprehension of Arabic 4th grade students with dyslexia. Participants were 38 students with dyslexia, divided into two groups: one with 18 students who received intervention (experimental group), and the other with 18 students who received no intervention (control group). The Reading Fluency Test and Reading Comprehension Test were used to measure reading fluency and comprehension in pre- and post-tests. The training was conducted in the experimental group with dyslexia in 70 training sessions. Results showed that there were statistically significant differences in post-tests of reading fluency and reading comprehension between the control and the experimental groups, in favour of the experimental group, and statistically significant differences in the experimental group between the results of the pre- and post-tests, in favour of the post-test of reading fluency and reading comprehension. The discussion focuses on future directions for research on reading interventions for dyslexic students.Key words: brain-compatible learning; dyslexia; multisensory approach; reading comprehension; reading fluency.   ---SažetakGlavni je cilj rada istražiti utjecaj poučavanja utemeljenog na višeosjetilnosti i tehnikama okoline prilagođene radu mozga na tečnost čitanja i razumijevanje prilikom čitanja disleksičnih arapskih učenika četvrtih razreda osnovne škole. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 38 učenika s disleksijom, podijeljenih u dvije skupine: jednu s 18 učenika u kojoj je provedena intervencija (eksperimentalna skupina) i jednu s 18 učenika u kojoj nije provedena intervencija (kontrolna skupina). Tečnost čitanja i razumijevanje prilikom čitanju u pred- i posttestiranjima mjereni su testom tečnosti čitanja i testom razumijevanja prilikom čitanja. Poučavanje je održano u eksperimentalnoj skupini – među učenicima s disleksijom – tijekom 70 sesija. Rezultati su pokazali statistički značajne razlike u posttestiranjima tečnosti čitanja i razumijevanja prilikom čitanja između kontrolne i eksperimentalne skupine, u korist eksperimentalne skupine, kao i statistički značajne razlike u rezultatima koje su učenici eksperimentalne skupine ostvarili na pred- i posttestiranjima, u korist posttestiranja tečnosti čitanja i razumijevanja prilikom čitanja. Rasprava nudi smjernice za buduća istraživanja intervencija na polju čitanja među učenicima s disleksijom.Ključne riječi: učenje prilagođeno mozgu; disleksija; višeosjetilni pristup; razumijevanje prilikom čitanja; tečnost čitanja.
Teachers’ Opinions of Different Methods of Grading in Physical Education (PE)/Mišljenje učitelja o različitim načinima ocjenjivanja u Tjelesnoj i zdravstvenoj kulturi
Authors: Štemberger Vesna , Petrušič Tanja
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Elementary School Act determines the method of grading in school subjects including Physical Education (PE). We wanted to determine opinion of primary school teachers on individual methods of grading in PE in the first and the second triad of the elementary school. We also wanted to find out the differences among teachers who teach in the first and the second triad as well as the differences among the teachers with different length of employment. The sample included 855 primary school teachers. The results showed that teachers mostly agree with the method of grading that is currently valid. As the second most recommended way of grading, the grading with word-grading on a three-level grading scale was proposed for the first as well as the second triad. This method, however, has not been used in Slovenia for a number of years now. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of individual methods of grading we can assume, however, that some teachers have insufficient knowledge of the purpose of grading in PE. It looks like they do not have the accurate information about issues of descriptive grading, too. This could be concerning due to the fact that this kind of grading is compulsory in the first and the second grade of elementary school.Key words: descriptive grading; first and second triad; grading with numbers; primary school teacher; word grading.  --- SažetakNačin ocjenjivanja svih školskih predmeta propisan je Zakonom o osnovnoj školi. Željeli smo utvrditi kakvo je mišljenje učitelja o pojedinim načinima ocjenjivanja Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture u prvom i drugom trogodištu osnovne škole. Željeli smo saznati kakve su razlike u mišljenju između učitelja koji poučavaju u prvom odnosno u drugom trogodištu i učitelja s različitim radnim stažem. U uzorak je bilo uključeno 855 učitelja. Učitelji uglavnom prihvaćaju trenutno važeći način ocjenjivanja, a kao drugi najčešće predložen način ocjenjivanja su, i za prvo i za drugo trogodište, predložili ocjenjivanje riječima na trostupanjskoj skali, koje se u Sloveniji već dugo ne primjenjuje. Na osnovi navođenja prednosti i slabosti pojedinih načina ocjenjivanja možemo zaključiti da neki učitelji nemaju dovoljno znanja o namjeni ocjenjivanja Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture. Također imaju suprotne informacije o namjeni i načinu opisnog ocjenjivanja Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture, što je, s obzirom na to da je taj način ocjenjivanja obavezan u prvom i drugom razredu, velik problem. Ključne riječi: brojčano ocjenjivanje; ocjenjivanje riječima; opisno ocjenjivanje; prvo i drugo trogodište; učitelji.
Managing stakeholders through alliances: a case study of a megaproject in New Zealand
Authors: Baharuddin Har Einur Azrin , Che Ibrahim Che Khairil Izam , Costello Seosamh B , Wilkinson Suzanne
Published: August 2017

Delivering a road infrastructure megaproject is complex and requires engagement with multiple stakeholders. Stakeholder engagement is an essential part of the management process, particularly in megaprojects, helping to manage what can be complex stakeholder relationships. The alliance procurement approach has been acknowledged as a platform that can provide a collaborative way of managing such stakeholder complexity. This paper uses a road infrastructure alliance case study in New Zealand to investigate the adopted features embedded in an alliance model in managing stakeholders throughout the interim project alliance agreement phase. The research draws information from stakeholder engagement reports, project documentation, newsletter articles, public engagement reports, transportation agency reports and interviews from the case study. The findings provide valuable insights into how the features of a project alliance (i.e. project governance and commercial model) formulate an effective approach (i.e. building a culture of care, communicating beyond compliance and responsiveness) to the management of multiple stakeholders during the planning and consenting phase. The paper provides a point of reference for construction organisations to help develop a best practice through collaborative contracting for successfully managing stakeholder complexity in future construction megaprojects.
A circulação da experiência da dor em narrativas no Facebook
Authors: Dias Marlon Santa Maria , Borelli Viviane
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho reflete alguns aspectos da problemática da circulação na ambiência da midiatização. A partir de material coletado em um grupo de discussão no Facebook sobre a mobilização “Eu não mereço ser estuprada”, analisamos as estratégias discursivas que compõem os processos de enunciação da mobilização dos atores sociais. Apontamos a reconfiguração narrativa na circulação da experiência da dor e a criação de redes interativas de apoio e aconselhamento.
Ativismo digital: uma análise da repercussão de campanhas feministas na internet
Authors: Rizzotto Carla Candida , Meyer Natasha , Castro de Sousa Fernanda
Published: August 2017

Os movimentos sociais, dentre eles o movimento feminista, adotaram a internet como um espaço de debates e disseminação de ideias. O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir o papel da internet como ferramenta de divulgação de demandas feministas, através da análise descritiva das campanhas “Chega de Fiu-fiu” e “Eu não mereço ser estuprada”. Também é objetivo deste artigo verificar a repercussão das campanhas citadas através da análise de conteúdo de comentários no Facebook.
A ruptura entre PT e PSDB através dos discursos do horário gratuito de propaganda eleitoral na televisão e o clima de opinião pública nas redes sociais
Authors: Carnieletto Müller Angelo
Published: August 2017

A eleição de 2014 repetiu pela sexta vez consecutiva o confronto direto entre PT e PSDB pela presidência da República no Brasil. A campanha ofereceu o processo eleitoral como pauta do dia e possibilitou, de um lado a democratização da discussão política, e de outro, a exacerbação das diferenças ideológicas na forma de discurso do ódio. Analisando os discursos dos programas do horário eleitoral de televisão desde 1994 até 2014, tendo como foco a ofensividade dos discursos e a promoção de uma visão maniqueísta, foi possível reconstituir as estratégias dos diferentes momentos desses dois partidos em campanha presidencial. Conclui-se que a ofensividade se fez presente nos discursos dos dois partidos, contribuindo para o momento de ruptura do quadro atual.
The Hydrophobic Durability Characteristics of Butterfly Wing Surfaces after Freezing Cycles Towards the Design of Natured Inspired Anti-icing Surfaces v1
Authors: Chen Tingkun , Cong Qian , Qi Yingchun , Jin Jingfu , Choy Kwang-Leong
Published: August 2017

Frost formation on solid surfaces is ubiquitous in nature when the water vapor droplets contact surfaces with low temperature. The protocol is for carrying out the frost on the butterfly wing surface and analyzing the hydrophobic durability mechanism of butterfly wing surface. The protocol has been tested on ten different kinds of the butterfly species, Papilio maackii, Gonepteryx mahaguru, Papilio xuthus, Vanessa cardui, Pieris napi, Argynnis paphia, PierisrapaeLinne, Parnassius glacialis, Mimathyma nycteis, Danaus genutia.
Contramão, de Henrique Schneider: a escrita à deriva
Authors: De Souza Francisco Renato
Published: August 2017

Este artigo investiga o movimento não objetivo da escrita literária na narrativa Contramão, de Henrique Schneider, a partir da perspectiva do escritor francês Maurice Blanchot sobre a literatura, assim como analisa o paralelo, também proposto por Blanchot, entre a linguagem corrente e a linguagem característica do texto ficcional, pautada pelo imaginário e, portanto, contrária às regras vigentes no mundo da realidade. Como resultado dessa investigação, percebe-se o desvio do personagem da ordem para a errância como o movimento característico da escrita literária, que se desenvolve sem objetivação e por uma pluralidade de possibilidades, uma vez que não intenta um propósito único. Conclui-se então, que a dimensão propícia para o desenvolvimento dessa escrita se dá no terreno do imaginário, uma vez que a irrealidade estende o movimento da errância ao infinito, proporcionando à linguagem ficcional o movimento incessante e interminável, incompatível com a finitude do espaço do mundo corrente.
Sob o signo da deusa Deméter: as mulheres no romance Lazarilho de Tormes e no conto “Mon Gigolô”, de Marcos Rey
Authors: Botoso Altamir
Published: August 2017

Este artigo objetiva estudar comparativamente as mulheres doromance Lazarilho de Tormes e as do conto “Mon Gigolô”, de MarcosRey. Observa-se, nessas duas narrativas, que as representações femininasapresentam um comportamento regido pela deusa grega Deméter, que secaracteriza por defender, alimentar e proteger os homens. Portanto, aspersonagens femininas dos textos ficcionais mencionados assumem umcomportamento maternal em relação aos homens com os quais entramem contato em seus respectivos contextos ficcionais.
Jorge Andrade e os clássicos gregos: miscelâneas em Pedreira das Almas
Authors: Ribeiro Barbosa Tereza Virgínia , Duarte Mortoza Marina Pelluci
Published: August 2017

A literatura dramática brasileira, de forma geral, reflete umatensão latente no que diz respeito à retomada da cultura greco-latina.Os clássicos evocam uma condição subalterna da qual nos queremoslivrar. Não obstante, o vínculo é inescapável. Esse impasse resultouamiúde em obras relevantes e bastante originais. Em Pedreira dasAlmas, Jorge Andrade, filho da grande erudição europeia e igualmenteda norte-americana, recria o passado a partir das diretrizes fundamentaisda cultura helênica, a saber, a obsessão pelo autorreconhecimento, aliberdade frente à criação, os recursos da retórica antiga aplicados nãosomente à linguagem mas, sobretudo, ao pensamento – a composição de personagens em quiasma, por exemplo – e a concepção da tragédia como movimento de transformação para uma cultura.
O teatro dos sentidos: a unidade dramática nos lais de Marie de France (Século XII)
Authors: Medeiros Constantino Luz de
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo analisa a questão da unidade dramática nacomposição dos lais de Marie de France (século XII) e sua inserção natradição da literatura românica medieval. O objetivo é discutir comoa restrição da narrativa a um episódio significativo, a economia nasdescrições de personagens, a direcionalidade do narrado e a inserção domaravilhoso, elementos centrais dos lais, contribuem para a sustentaçãoda unidade dramática dessa forma breve poética medieval românica, oque a caracteriza como antecedente das formas breves modernas.
Os dois primeiros livros de poesias de Machado de Assis: seus títulos, suas semelhanças e diferenças – interrelações
Authors: Miranda José Américo
Published: August 2017

Este artigo examina os dois primeiros livros de poesia publicadospor Machado de Assis – Crisálidas, em 1864, e Falenas, em 1870 – noque eles têm de semelhanças e de diferenças. Ambos os livros têm sidointerpretados pela crítica em função de dados biográficos, porque ostemas abordados nos poemas estão intimamente relacionados com a vidado poeta. No segundo livro, que é dividido em quatro partes, entretanto,apenas a primeira se presta a esse tipo de interpretação. Pela maneira comque seus títulos se relacionam, este artigo propõe que o título de Falenassó se aplica, com propriedade, à primeira parte do segundo livro.
Brian Connaughton (coord.), Repensando Guatemala en la época de Rafael Carrera. El país, el hombre y las coordenadas de su tiempo, México, UAM/Gedisa, 2015, 524 pp.
Authors: Ríos Zúñiga Rosalina
Published: August 2017

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Indemnización de daños causados con la infracción de derechos de propiedad industrial. Un sistema que escapa de la tradición
Authors: Sandoval Gutiérrez José Fernando
Published: August 2017

En este texto de reflexión se analiza el artículo 243 de la Decisión 486 de 2000 a fin de establecer su verdadero contenido, pues su redacción genera inconvenientes a la hora de indemnizar los daños causados a la propiedad industrial. Para este propósito se revisan posturas de algunos autores y decisiones proferidas por la autoridad colombiana especializada. A partir de ahí se formula una propuesta que conduce finalmente a un entendimiento de la norma que la hace coherente, útil y armónica con el sistema de responsabilidad civil. Este artículo es producto de una reflexión de alcance analítico y crítico en torno al derecho de la propiedad industrial.
La patria potestad vs. el menor online: una ponderación de derechos constante
Authors: Platero Alcón Alejandro
Published: August 2017

Desde el derecho romano a los progenitores se les confieren una serie de prerrogativas para garantizar el cuidado de sus descendientes, conocidas como patria potestad. En la actualidad, los nativos digitales desde su más temprana adolescencia utilizan las redes sociales para comunicarse, sin ser muchas veces conscientes de los peligros que pueden encontrarse en las mismas. En razón de esos peligros, los progenitores deciden, amparándose en el ejercicio de su patria potestad, interferir en la actividad de sus hijos en las redes, llegando en ocasiones a utilizar sus contraseñas para conocer cuál es su actividad en las mismas. ¿Permite el ordenamiento jurídico dichas intromisiones en su esfera privada?
Propose Implementation Full Coverage Audit of Oil Corporations
Authors: Li Wenjia
Published: August 2017

With the development of petroleum industry, oil corporations continue to expand the scale and scope of business. In the other hand, it also brought a lot of problems and risks whereby the companies have to take some measures to deal with. Various innovation strategies are introduced and the oil companies face more challenges in terms of business and management. Thus, auditing requires a greater role whereby to be supported by senior managers within the corporation. In addition, multi-angle auditing will be able to achieve full coverage of the audit approach to promote the realization of the value of the corporation. In this paper, the audit of oil companies made some proposals to achieve full coverage audit in order to assist better development of Corporations
TRMM: Trazendo o sensoriamento remoto de precipitação para sua sala de aula
Authors: Passow Michael
Published: August 2017

Satélites geossíncronos ambientais de órbita polar fornecem dados importantes sobre nosso planeta há mais de 50 anos. O satélite tropical de medição de precipitações (TRMM na sigla em Inglês) monitora nuvens, precipitação e outros aspectos do ciclo da água entre 35 graus de latitude norte e 35 graus sul. A coleção de imagens TRMM oferece vasta gama de recursos que podem ser usados para criar aulas e para proporcionar, de modo autêntico, investigação científica pelos alunos.
Abordagem da escala espacial no ensinoaprendizagem do relevo
Authors: Bertolini William Zanete , Carvalho Vilma Lúcia Macagnan
Published: August 2017

O objetivo principal deste artigo é o de apresentar proposta de abordagem do relevo na escola básica sob a perspectiva de suas formas típicas e apresentadas em diferentes escalas. Tomando como referência o relevo de Belo Horizonte, inicia-se pela escala local das formas (ou seja, do concreto), para a escala regional, atingindo assim os níveis mais abstratos de compreensão do relevo. A proposta explora conceitos geomorfológicos e envolve a linguagem visual mediante o uso de fotografias oblíquas para a escala local e modelos digitais de terreno e mapas para representar a escala regional no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da geomorfologia.
Simpósio de ensino de geologia no Brasil
Authors: Gonçalves Pedro Wagner
Published: August 2017

Realizou-se no período de 1 a 5 de novembro de 2009 no Instituto de Geociências da USP, em São Paulo, o IV Simpósio Nacional O Ensino de Geologia no Brasil e o II Simpósio de Pesquisa em Ensino e História de Ciências da Terra (EnsinoGeo09). A Comissão Organizadora foi formada por membros do Instituto de Geociências, Faculdade de Educação e Instituto de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades (todos da USP) e do Departamento de Geociências Aplicadas ao Ensino do Instituto de Geociências da Unicamp. O evento ultrapassou o caráter nacional. Cerca de 160 participantes vieram de distintos estados brasileiros, bem como do exterior (Argentina, Inglaterra, Israel). O colega Pietro Corsi (Universidade de Oxford) ministrou a conferência magna sobre Charles Darwin, História da Geologia e evolução de espécies. A conferência final, proferida por Ricardo Latgé Milward de Azevedo (Petrobras) tratou das Perspectivas do petróleo do pré-sal e a formação dos geólogos.
Philanthropy in Democratic Societies: History, Institutions, Values by Rob Reich, Chiara Cordelli, and Lucy Bernholz
Authors: Stutts Nancy Beaman
Published: August 2017

Reich, R., Cordelli, C., & Bernholz, L. (2016). Philanthropy in Democratic Societies: History, Institutions, Values. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. $30.00 (paperback), ISBN: 978-022633-564-3.
Vitamin D in Orthopaedics
Authors: Tran Elaine Y. , Uhl Richard L. , Rosenbaum Andrew J.
Published: August 2017

➢ Defining vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency by a single cutoff value remains controversial because of the variability of its functional effects on each individual.

➢ A variety of orthopaedic populations have been shown to have insufficient vitamin D levels, including patients with trauma, National Football League (NFL) athletes, and patients undergoing elective shoulder arthroplasty and foot and ankle procedures, which may be a reflection of the overall prevalence of hypovitaminosis D.

➢ Although supplementation may not prevent osteoporotic fractures, supplementation has been shown to effectively improve vitamin D levels in deficient patients.

➢ Sufficient vitamin D levels may be associated with improved functional and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgical procedures.
MAPEAMENTO DE DECLIVIDADE E DAS TIPOLOGIAS DE USO DA TERRA COMO SUBISIDIO AO ZONEAMENTO AMBIENTAL DE UM SEGMENTO DO MÉDIO CURSO DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO PACOTI-CE./ URBAN WHATERSHEDS: WATER QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN THE CITY OF ILHÉUS – BA
Authors: Queiroz Pedro Henrique Balduino
Published: August 2017

O  presente  artigo  trata  de  uma  proposta  de  zoneamento  ambiental  elaborada  para  um segmento  do  médio  curso  da  bacia  hidrográfica  do  rio  Pacoti,  tomando  como  base  o  mapa  de declividade e a dinâmica temporal de uso da terra em 1998 e 2010. Do ponto de vista metodológico, recorreu-se  ao  uso  de  imagens  SRTM  para  a  elaboração  do  mapa  de  declividade  e  imagens  de satélite  para  o  mapeamento  do  uso  da  terra  nos  anos  em  questão,  bem  como,  a  utilização  de softwares  de  geoprocessamento.  Os  resultados  evidenciaram  cinco  classes  de  declividade,  cujas características  evidenciam  as  diferentes  condições  geomorfológicas  da  bacia.  Quanto  ao  uso  da terra, observou-se entre 1998 e 2010 um aumento significativo da área urbana, da agricultura e do solo  exposto,  bem  como,  o  surgimento  de  duas  novas  classes  de  uso  associadas  à  indústria  e  a mineração. A interpretação dos mapas de uso da terra evidenciaram que ao longo de 20 anos, esse setor da bacia hidrográfica do rio Pacoti sofreu significativas alterações ambientais, resultado da ação dos diversos agentes que se utilizam dos recursos naturais e que acabam por gerar uma cadeia de impactos negativos. A etapa final contempla a proposta de zoneamento, cujas classes identificadas são a zona de preservação permanente, a zona de preservação ambiental, a zona de recuperação ambiental e a zona de uso disciplinado, abarcando as distintas condições ambientais da bacia. Por fim, espera-se que este estudo possa subsidiar a tomada de decisões no que concernem as  politicas públicas voltadas ao planejamento ambiental da área.
EVIDÊNCIAS DA DEGRADAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA VERTENTE SECA DA SERRA DE URUBURETAMA, CEARÁ-BRASIL. / EVIDENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION IN THE DRY SIDE OF THE SAW URUBURETAMA, CEARÁ, BRAZIL.
Authors: Rabelo Davi Rodrigues
Published: August 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar, mapear e analisar os processos de degradação ambiental  verificados  na  vertente  seca  do  maciço  de  Uruburetama,  situado  no  extremo  norte  do Estado do Ceará. Para as pretensões de investigação tomou-se como base a análise integrada do meio  físico  e  antrópico,  desenvolvida  a  partir  do  uso  de  técnicas  e  ferramentas  de  sensoriamento remoto  e  geoprocessamento.  Com  essas  técnicas  procurou-se,  nas  diferentes  fases  do  trabalho, identificar e analisar, através do cruzamento e  da análise de informações, os focos de degradação dos  fatores  físicos  e  biológicos.  A  partir  dessa  pesquisa  pode-se  concluir  que  na  vertente  seca  do maciço  de  Uruburetama  os  processos  de  degradação  estão  acelerando-se  devido  às  intervenções antrópicas. Fator que contribui para supressão da vegetação natural e substituição desta por plantios diversos e pastagens, alterando a dinâmica natural da paisagem serrana.
Guest Editorial: Safety: It’s All About Us - The Human Factors Behind the Statistics
Authors: Ballard Gordon
Published: August 2017

Guest editorial

The International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (IOGP) Life-Saving Rules are now considered industry good practice. Each rule has a simple icon and guidance to explain why it is important and on which aspects workers and supervisors should focus. The rules are intended to supplement and support existing company management systems, programs, and policies, but are directed at the actions individual front-line workers and supervisors need to undertake to keep themselves and their workmates safe. Each rule is also linked to controls and barriers which, if used properly, can prevent or avoid fatal incidents.

Shell provides an example of how successful and sustainable the implementation of a robust set of Life-Saving Rules can be. The company has seen a 75% reduction in fatalities and a 35% reduction in lost-time injuries since its rules were introduced in 2009.

Analysis of 1,484 fatal incidents reported by IOGP member companies over the past 20 years indicates that adopting, conforming to, and enforcing the simple IOGP rules may well have prevented many of these fatalities.

While IOGP member companies recognize the value of providing clear and consistent guidelines, efforts to re-energize the Life-Saving Rules program were triggered in 2015, when IOGP reported an increase in industry-related fatalities and fatal incidents, reversing a multiyear trend. Research showed that more than 70% of fatalities in that year could have been attributed to the industry failing to follow IOGP’s rules. Our newly published data for 2016 show only a slight improvement: 58% of the fatal incidents reported could have been avoided by following the rules. This is despite the fact that the causal factors of these incidents have remained broadly unchanged for many years. These include failures in training, competence, hazard identification, risk assessment, inattention, supervision, and procedures (Figs. 1a, 1b).

Some may want to pin these issues on squeezed margins, job uncertainty, or doing the same (or more) with less. However, the data do not support that premise, and the hard truth is that commitment to follow the Life-Saving Rules should not be affected or rationalized by market conditions. IOGP data show that there are no “new” accidents; only failures to learn or to implement learnings from previous incidents. The rules have been proven to save lives and the real challenge lies in finding out why these rules are not consistently followed.
Technology Focus: Subsea Hardware and Technology (August 2017)
Authors: Ringle Eric
Published: August 2017

Technology Focus

Three years of depressed oil prices have had a significant effect on the market for producing technologies, such as subsea, which had become dependent on the 2014 price levels to remain profitable. In addition to lower oil prices, increasing production costs because of the more-challenging project conditions of deeper water, longer tieback distances, and harsher reservoir properties have intensified this effect on both operators and equipment suppliers. Today, subsea processing offers the industry a wide range of technology-ready tools that can improve the economics of subsea field development for both brownfield and greenfield applications.

As one of the more-mature and field-proven of the subsea processing technologies, boosting, which was first used in 1994, offers solutions that can accelerate production for earlier payback and increase oil recovery for both brownfield and greenfield projects. Recent technical and commercial innovations have resulted in cost reductions up to 50% in subsea boosting systems, with significantly simplified systems that substantially lower operating risks. The economics of subsea boosting has improved significantly by achieving a return on investment in the range of 250–500%.

As an option to greenfield developments requiring new topside facilities, tieback projects to existing facilities also can become more economically viable with subsea processing.

Along with boosting to reduce the backpressure on the reservoir, subsea separation and seabed injection of produced water can be used to reduce the overall effect on existing flowline and topside facilities.

For brownfield projects, boosting can also be used to extend the life of the field, representing a new field-extension tool even in a depressed oil market.

Boosting solutions exist that can maximize the use of a field’s existing infrastructure, providing increased returns with only limited reinvestment.

Today, there are hundreds of fields that can benefit from subsea boosting, which should become an increasingly more leveraged technology as operator acceptance of it continues to grow with increasing overall industry experience.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 180796 Advances in Subsea Separation and Processing Resulting in Discharge of Produced Water at the Seabed by N. Prescott, Fluor, et al.

OTC 27800 Qualification and Development of the World’s First High-Pressure Subsea Boosting System for the Jack and St. Malo Field Development by Mads Hjelmeland, OneSubsea, et al.
Risk Assessment of Fluid Migration Into Freshwater Aquifers in Colorado Basins
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: August 2017

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 181680, “A Continued Assessment of the Risk of Migration of Hydrocarbons or Fracturing Fluids Into Freshwater Aquifers in the Piceance, Raton, and San Juan Basins of Colorado,” by C.H. Stone, SPE, A.W. Eustes, SPE, and W.W. Fleckenstein, SPE, Colorado School of Mines, prepared for the 2016 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dubai, 26–28 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Wellbore-construction methods, especially casing-and-cementing practices for the protection of freshwater aquifers, have been reviewed in the Piceance, Raton, and San Juan Basins in Colorado. The assessment confirms that natural-gas migration occurs infrequently but can happen from poorly constructed wellbores. Analysis confirmed no occurrence of hydraulic-fracturing-fluid contamination. The significance of these results is to help quantify the risks associated with natural-gas development as related to the contamination of surface aquifers.

Introduction

The prevention of contamination of freshwater aquifers has been a prime concern in drilling operations since the inception of drilling. Surface casing has long been the primary barrier to prevent contamination of freshwater aquifers through wellbores. The probability of leakage into aquifers from wellbores during shale development has a wide range of estimates, complicated by the presence of hydrocarbons at shallow depths in many parts of the world. An earlier paper reviewed the process and outcomes of a study for the Wattenberg Field in the Denver-Julesberg Basin. This study continues the examination of the contamination of aquifers in the subsurface during the completion and the production phases of the well and quantifies the risk of contamination of aquifers through failure of the wellbore for three other major basins in Colorado, the Piceance, Raton, and San Juan Basins. This synopsis focuses on the assessment of the Piceance Basin.

Barrier Definition. Common vertical, deviated, and horizontal subsurface wellbore-barrier designs were grouped and ranked on the basis of the risk of multiple barrier failures (Fig. 1). For the sake of clarity, pressure monitoring of the casing annulus [surface annulus pressure (SAP)] was not assumed to be an additional barrier during the production phase even though it is frequent and often required by state regulations.

Well-barrier designs can vary from field to field depending on geology, trajectory, depths, anticipated pressures, expected hydraulic-treatment rates, and estimated production rates. Whether a well is horizontal, vertical, or deviated has no significance with respect to the ultimate protection of freshwater aquifers because the wells are designed to protect the shallow vertical section of each oil and gas well. Multiple barriers must be in place near the depth of the freshwater aquifer to prevent breaching of a single barrier potentially leading to contamination.
Stability Analysis for a Countrywide Series of Wheat Trials in Pakistan
Authors: Piepho Hans‐Peter , Nazir Mian Faisal , Qamar Maqsood , Rattu Atiq‐ur‐Rehman , Riaz‐ud‐Din  , Hussain Manzoor , Ahmad Gulzar , Fazal‐e‐Subhan  , Ahmad Javed , Abdullah  , Laghari Karim Bux , Vistro Imad Ali , Kakar M. Sharif , Sial Mehboob Ali , Imtiaz Muhammad
Published: August 2017

In Pakistan, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties undergo intensive yield testing within the National Uniform Wheat Yield Trials (NUWYT) before recommendations are made to farmers. The trialing network extends across 12 different agroecological zones defined for the whole of the country. In this paper, we consider the analysis of data from this trial system over 2 yr and 34 locations. For each of the 16 varieties, variances of genotype × location (G × L) and genotype × location × year (G × L × Y) interactions were estimated to assess stability. Substantial differences in stability were found between the 16 varieties. The fitted model was used further to compute genotype means for each of the seven irrigated agroecological zones. It is demonstrated that a model with random genotype × zone (G × Z) effects can be used to borrow strength across zones, which is particularly beneficial for zones with a small number of test locations. Our results show considerable shrinkage of best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) of G × Z means compared with best linear unbiased estimators (BLUEs), which reflects a considerable amount of environmental noise in the data. A salient feature of our approach is that shrinkage depends on stability variances, thus providing a convenient insurance mechanism against overoptimistic as well as overpessimistic mean yield estimates for particularly unstable varieties. At the same time, this approach provides a new way to combine stability and mean performance in a meaningful way.
Promoción de la adherencia terapéutica de mujeres con obesidad mediante psicoeducación
Authors: García Cedillo Ismael , Cruz Guillén Yaneli , Martínez Ramírez Araceli , Sánchez-Armáss Cappello Omar
Published: August 2017

El sobrepeso y la obesidad de la población mexicana constituyen un serio problema de salud. Para su control, se requiere del paciente una adherenciaterapéutica muy alta, que implica el seguimiento de las instrucciones médicas, cambios en estilos de alimentación y ejercicio, además de cambios en cogniciones, conductas y actitudes relacionadas con la obesidad. El logro de la adherencia resulta difícil, especialmente para las mujeres. En la presente investigación se implementó una intervención psicoeducativa para promover una mayor adherencia terapéutica en un grupo de ocho mujeres con sobrepeso u obesidad que recibían servicios públicos de salud para bajar de peso, los cuales comprendían apoyo médico, de trabajo social, de nutrición y de ejercicio físico. La intervención se realizó semanalmente, consistió en doce sesiones de 90 minutos cada una. Se utilizó un diseño cuasi experimental con grupo control. Se evaluó mediante valores antropométricos, indicadores biológicos y la escala OQL-2007 de O’Donnell y Warren. Los resultados mostraron cambios significativos en los indicadores biológicos y en cogniciones, conductas y actitudes hacia el sobrepeso y obesidad, por lo que se concluye que la psicoeducación, combinada con los otros apoyos mencionados, es efectiva para aumentar la adherencia terapéutica.
HISTÓRIA MEDIEVAL NA AMAZÔNIA: TRAJETÓRIA, DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVA
Authors: Lima Douglas Mota Xavier de
Published: August 2017

Nas últimas décadas houve uma significativa expansão dos estudos medievais no Brasil. Centrando a observação na região Norte do Brasil, o presente artigo se propõe a apresentar um inventário da inserção institucional da História Medieval, indicando as características e os principais desafios para a estruturação do campo na região. Em seguida, passamos a tecer algumas considerações sobre os projetos desenvolvidos atualmente e as perspectivas para a área.
Spectrum of Renal Parenchymal Diseases: An Eleven Year Retrospective Review of Renal Biopsy Data from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Asif Naila , Ahsan Muhammad Nadeem , Khanzada Shafqat Waqar
Published: August 2017

Objective:  To report our experience with renal biopsy and histopathological pattern of renal disease in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan over 11 years period.

Methods:  All the kidney biopsies performed in our unit from Jan 2001 to Dec 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. We recorded the following data for each patient: name, age, sex, indications for renal biopsy, histopathological diagnosis and lab investigations such as Serum Creatinine, 24 hour urinary protein, urine microscopy, virology (Hbs Ag, Anti HCV) and serology (antids DNA, ANA, C3, C4, C-ANCA and p-ANCA) when indicated. Histopathological examination included Light Microscopy (LM) and Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IF). For LM, six sections were taken and stained with Haemotoxilin and Eosin, and special stains included Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Trichome and Grocott’ Smethanamine Silver Stain (GMS). IF study was done using polyclonal antisera against human IgG, IgM, IgA, C3 and Cq. The renal biopsies were performed by a trained Nephrologist.

Results:  A total of 329 consecutive percutaneous renal biopsies of native kidneys were reviewed. A total of thirteen specimens were unsatisfactory. Nineteen cases had incomplete data, therefore were excluded. There were 159 males (53.3%) and 138 females (46.46%). Age distribution showed a total no. of 34 (11.44%) of paediatric cases, 238 (80.13%) adult cases and 25 (10.5 %) elderly cases. The most common clinical indication for renal biopsy was unexplained renal failure (n = 116 39%) followed by nephrotic syndrome (n = 83 27.9%). Of the total biopsies included 248 (82.82%) had glomerular disease and 49 (16.49%) had non glomerular disease. The most frequently found primary glomerular lesion was membranous nephropathy (n = 51 17%) followed by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (n = 26 8.7%). Amongst the non-glomerular lesions, CIN (chronic interstitial nephritis) was the most frequently found lesion (n = 24 8.08%).

Conclusion:  Membranous Nephropathy followed by Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis were the most frequently found renal lesion.
Work Environment and Situational Motivation of Doctors in Public Sector Hospitals
Authors: Mazahir Shama , Khalid Shazia
Published: August 2017

Objectives:  To explore the relationship between work environment and situational motivation among doctors.

Methods:  Cross sectional research design was used and a sample of N = 100 doctors were employed through purposive sampling technique from public hospital of Lahore. Work Environment Survey and The Situational Motivation Scale were used to assess studied variables. Pearson Product moment correlation and hierarchical regression were used to analysis data.

Results:  Mean age of the participants was 33 years and mean education level was 18.38 years. Results showed that work environment has significant negative predicting relation with situational motivation of the doctors.

Conclusion:  Working environment influence doctors’ motivation level. These findings have implications in organizational and educational setting, as it helps public hospital’s administration to address problems in working environment.
Preferred Learning Styles of Medical and Physiotherapy Students
Authors: Nizami Rahila , Latif Muhammad Zahid , Wajid Gohar
Published: August 2017

Background:  Learning styles are the ways students learn, intake and process new information. The contribution of learning styles for educational quality is evident and have important implications to develop effective curricula. Teachers can effectively plan instructional activities if they know the learning styles of students. This study was conducted to find out the preferred learning styles of medical and physiotherapy students.

Methods:  This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at Azra Naheed Medical College Lahore from January to March 2014. Honey and Muffard Learning Style Questionnaire (LSQ) was used to assess the preferred learning styles. The medical students of 3rd year and 6th semester physiotherapy class were invited for the study. The collected data was organized and analyzed by the use of statistical tools.

Results:  120 students participated in this study, out of which 60 (50 %) were students of MBBS class whereas 60 (50 %) were of physiotherapy class. 48 (40%) were male students and 72 (60%) were female students. Both the groups have reflector as dominating learning style with a minor difference of (40%) and (42.5%) for medical and physiotherapy respectively.

Conclusion:  Students have different learning styles and require versatile instructional and assessment strategies. Preferred learning style of medical and physiotherapy students found in this study is reflector, however all the learning styles are present in both groups.