bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The new working methods of the European Commission for 2019 – 2024: striving for more at home and in the world
Authors: Rudik Oleksandr
Published: September 2020

The article explores the new working methods of the European Commission for 2019 – 2024, which were presented by the President Ursula von der Leyen in her Communication to Commission on December 1, 2020. It clarifies the importance of the Commission’s new working methods in the context of the internal and external environment of EU-27 functioning, as well as the President’s ambitious goal, who wants «the next five years to be an opportunity for Europe to strive for more at home in order to lead in the world». According to the author of the article, the ambitions of the current Commission are due to three additional factors: the gender composition of the Commission (the President of the Commission is the first woman in this position in the EU history, and about half of the members are women), a fundamentally new internal and external environment which forms under the influence of the Brexit impact, as well as the need to reaffirm the role of the European Commission as a driving force in the European integration process, especially against the background of problems with compliance to the fundamental principles of the EU by a number of Member States, including post-communist ones. It is concluded that the Commission’s new working methods are designed to make this institution strong and fair, capable of working together to implement the provisions of the «Agenda for Europe» proposed by the President of the Commission. To this end, Ursula von der Leyen introduces a number of novelties to the way the Commission works, notably with regards to the role of the Executive Vice-Presidents, the High Representative / Vice-President, Vice-Presidents and Commissioners’ Groups; the creation of the Group for External Coordination; the role of the Secretariat-General in supporting the Executive Vice-Presidents and the Vice-Presidents; the Commission’s follow-up to European Parliament Resolutions based on Article 225 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union; the introduction of the digital transformation objective and an open, inclusive and cooperative way of working.
Ensuring the principles of the rule of law and legality in the activities of public administration: terminological analysis
Authors: Shumliaieva Iryna
Published: September 2020

In the context of the development of home public administration, the implementation of research in terms of providing a meaningful description of the principles of the rule of law and legality in order to comply with them and ensure the activities of public authorities is becoming relevant. Therefore, the purpose of the scientific article is to implement a terminological analysis of the principles of the rule of law and legality in the activities of public administration, as an important condition for the development of public administration. The article considers terminological issues related to the definition of the essence of the concepts «rule of law», «legality», «public administration», by analyzing scientific papers and legal documents. Particular attention is paid to the definitions contained in the norms of international and European acts concerning the definition of the content of the principles of the rule of law and legality, which allowed distinguishing the relevant international and European understanding of the conceptual foundations of these concepts. It is established that at the present stage of development of the institution of public administration in the European doctrine the principle of the rule of law prevails, which is not identified with the principle of legality, as it is included in the list of relevant requirements for the implementation of the first one. The relationship between the rule of law and the rule of legality is shown, given their close relationship, formed in the process of evolution at different times during the development of social relations. As a result of research of scientific literature and normative-legal sources, it is offered to consider legality in activity of public administration in a wide public-administrative context through a prism of regulation of the state-authoritative influence on society for the purpose of its ordering. Since the vector of the rule of law and legality is aimed at both public authorities and society, it is assumed that the adoption of these principles in society involves the implementation of the requirements set out in the article to ensure compliance with public administration.
Development of the personnel management system of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine
Authors: Malanchii Mykola
Published: September 2020

The features of personnel management development of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine are considered in the article. It is substantiated that the decisive role in the combat service of the State Border Service of Ukraine belongs to the system of personnel management.

It is proved that the development of stable interaction of the elements of the system of personnel management of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine is ensured due to the coordinated functioning in it of the following types of personnel management of the organization: traditional management of the organization based on the principle of unity; the administrative management of an organization that allows the appropriate management and management methods to be applied to it; self-organization, which is based on the active inclusion of different categories of military personnel in the process of making, making and implementing management decisions related to the organization of state border protection for one or another period of its protection; organizational and structural management aimed at ensuring the interconnection between the structural units within the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. The application of this approach allows the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine to be considered most comprehensively as a state military organization and the development of an organizational personnel management system in it.

The development of the personnel management system in the context of the institutional approach is considered.
Mechanisms for the development of staffing of the civil service: theoretical aspect
Authors: Obushna Nataliia , Selivanov Serhii
Published: September 2020

New requirements for public administration put forward requirements for the civil service and its main resource – civil servants able to provide quality services and work to achieve results in the public interest, apply European standards of public administration and make public policy in the face of change. In turn, the need to address the challenges outlined above revisits the theoretical foundations related to the development of the staffing potential of the civil service (SРСS) and the improvement of the state-administrative mechanisms that provide it.

The main idea of the article is to theoretically substantiate the mechanisms of development of the SРСS in the conditions of anthropological orientation of public administration.

The state of the research of the phenomenon of «staffing potential of the civil service» in the scientific discourse is analyzed and its conceptual-categorical apparatus is developed. The essence of such basic definitions of the work as «staffing potential of the civil service», «development of staffing potential» has been established.

At the same time, attention is paid to the fact that in the process of studying the essence of the SРСS, we turn to the subjective factor, but not in its individual-personality manifestation, but take it in a holistic-generalized, formed into a single complex of abilities (possibilities).

The mechanisms of development of the SРСS are defined as an integral set of norms, principles, methods, tools and levers of influence, through which conditions are created for the development of the capabilities and capabilities of civil servants to perform professional tasks and implement state functions. The composition and structure of the SРСS from the point of view of its development have been specified and on this basis, the mechanisms of public administration of this process have been identified, namely, organizational and legal, resourceful, motivational and informational and communicative.

It is established that the identified mechanisms for the development of the staffing potential of the civil service interact closely with each other. Thus, the identified mechanisms for the development of the SРСS form organizational, legal, motivational-value and other integrated ways of stimulating the civil service personnel to self-knowledge, self-improvement and self-realization in order to solve public tasks and realize the functions of public administration in terms of its reform.
LITHUANIAN ETHNOMUSICOLOGY AT THE TURNS OF CENTURIES: HISTORICAL OVERVIEW AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Sliužinskas Rimantas
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this submitted scientific article is based on emphasizing of historical overview and perspectives of Lithuanian ethnomusicology at the turns of the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The target of this investigation is defined on analysis of actual historical publications and research trends and directions in Lithuanian ethnomusicology. The methods of this represented exploration are formed on the basis of historical method, where some well-known stereotypes have to be re-thought. Systemic method is also important here to understand the whole scientific context of contemporary and historical investigations on Lithuanian singing folklore, traditional choreography and instrumental music. The structurally analytical method allows maximal profoundly holding out the contemporary outlook concerning previous actual investigations on this theme. The scientific newness of the presented article is determined by new facts concerning the evaluation of Lithuanian folklore heritage research, dissemination and propagation process during last 150 years. The actual facts discovering from large period of historical times in Lithuanian ethnomusicology might be understood as also important novelty of this our scientific work. Conclusions. Lithuanian ethnomusicology historically may be presented as quite closed system of internal musical folklore studies in defined Lithuanian ethnic regions and in Lithuania in general. Right now we have very new situation with open cultural and intercultural contacts between neighbouring and even far-away located states and cultures. It is important to develop scientific studies of Lithuanian ethnomusicology at present in two main directions. The first direction is to continue deep and complex studies of our local and regional Lithuanian musical folklore. The second direction is to look for contacts in interdisciplinary studies. We will be able to understand the motivation of particular our musical folklore forms, connecting our knowledge with linguists, historics, archaeologists, etc. And, of course, we have not to forget, that ethnomusicology is a part of musicology in general. So, we have to be well educated in theory and history of music, both traditional and professional ones.
PERFORMANCE-STYLE FEATURES OF THE CONCERTO № 3 FOR CLARINET AND ORCHESTRA BY L. SPOHR
Authors: Hromchenko Valerii , Gorban Andriy
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this scientific investigation is the disclosure of the creative phenomenon of German composer L. Spohr in wind contemporary academic music and performing art by identifying the most characteristic performance and the stylistic peculiarities of creator that is instrumentally artistic speech. The material of this study is the well-known Concerto № 3 for Clarinet with symphonic orchestra by L. Spohr. The methods of this scientific intelligence are in the application of general scientific approaches to the study of a particular topic. The historical method is used to highlight the place of clarinet masterpieces and, in particular, Concert № 3, in the palette of the artistʼs creative achievements. The comparative method creates the possibility of comparing a number of clarinet means of expression with the artistic potential of string-bow performance.  The sequence of presentation of the material is determined by the action of the structural-analytical method. Methods of observation and generalization are of practical importance. The scientific novelty of this specialized disquisition is due to the insufficient study of the clarinet works of L. Spohr in the light of modern musicological thought. Conclusions. The distinctiveness of L. Spohrʼs performance- stylistic peculiaritics of instrumental speech in clarinet Concerto № 3 for clarinet and orchestra is marked, first of all, by the use of various types of virtuosity (shallow, combined, large virtuosity), the performance of various types of melismatics both in slow and melodic ways, the use of high and ultra-high sound registers of the instrument (note to the fourth octave), which, we emphasize, comes from the violin academic artistic and creative activity of L. Spohr and, in general, and  of high performing skill as a virtuoso violinist.
E-module as an emergency-innovated learning source during the Covid-19 outbreak
Authors: Purnamasari Niken , Siswanto Siswanto , Malik Shazia
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has hugely changed various human activities. This "silent-killer" pandemic attacks almost every single aspect of life in this entire world. In this case, the writer will focus on the education sector as one of the most damaged fields by the pandemic. Every single of its elements has to be quickly adapted to the situation caused by the COVID-19 attack. Stakeholders are continuing hard to formulate the adaptation that can be taken quickly as the most effective way among the uncertain situation. Shortly, regarding the physical distancing campaigned by the most governments, online learning is then considered as the most possible way to keep the learning process going with all its strengths and weaknesses. In accordance with the background of the situation, the writer through this study purposed to determine the effectiveness of e-modules as the emergency innovative learning sources in the middle of this COVID-19 outbreak. Online learning is claimed as an effective solution to keep learning to avoid mass gathering that possibly causes the virus to spread at schools. E-modules belong to interactive teaching sources that are capable to facilitate student to learn independently. They still have chances to learn with interesting, practical, and online-accessible to pursue the learning outcomes as good as possible in term of the emergency self-learning process. To find out the improvement in students learning outcomes after using the e-module through the online learning process, the data analysis in this study was conducted using a paired sample t-test. At last, the results showed that student learning outcomes could be maintained and even improved after the use of the e-module as an emergency innovative learning source during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Management of Bile Duct Injury Following Cholecystectomy
Authors: Malla Bala Ram , Rajbhandari Nripesh , Karmacharya Robin Man
Published: September 2020

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is responsible for 80-85% of the bileduct injury, and twice as frequentcompared to open cholecystectomy.Injury affects the quality of life and overall survival of the patient. The management of these injuries is complex and challenging. There are few locally published reports regarding management of bile duct injury. The objective of this study is to evaluate the management of bile duct injury and its outcome Methods: This retrospective study includes patients bile duct injury following cholecystectomy who were managed at Dhulikhel Hospital, Nepal, during January 2014 to December 2016. The clinical features, type of injuries(Strasberg classification) management, outcome (as per McDonald and colleague grading system) and follow up were analyzed descriptively. Results: Out of 35 bile duct injuries,only 3 (8.57%)occurred following open cholecystectomy. Three (8.7%) cases of bile duct injury were diagnosed intraoperatively and had primary biliary anastomosis over T-tube. Five (14.28%) were diagnosed postoperatively and underwent Roux-en-y hepatojejunostomy 6 weeks after index surgery. And, 27(77.14%) with type A injuries were treated by endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography and stenting. After surgical repair, 1 (2.85%) had transient biliary leak. One patient had grade B outcome. During 18 months follow up, no stricture or cholangitis were observed. Conclusions: Bile duct injury with intact continuity of the duct can be successfully managed with endoscopic stenting of the biliary tree. Intraoperative diagnosis of bile duct injury and immediate surgical management has good outcome. Keywords: Bile duct injury; cholecystectomy; repair; strasberg classification
Carbapenemase among Clinical Bacterial Isolates in Nepal
Authors: Devkota Surya Prasad , Paudel Ashmita , Bhatta Dharm Raj , Gurung Krishna
Published: September 2020

Gram-negative isolates producing carbapenemase enzymes is a great public health problem in developing countries and their control is challenging task due to the involvement of multiple factors including the practice of self-medication, use of antibiotics on animal farms, poor hospital hygiene, etc. During this study, we searched various databases for relevant publication on carbapenemase-producing isolates in Nepal.

Various classes of carbapenemases had been reported in Nepal. Most frequent was the New Delhi Metallo beta lactamase with many variants where NDM-1 was most prevalent. Similarly, Oxacillinase and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase producers were also prevalent in Nepal. While other carbapenemases like VIM, IPM, and DIM also detected. The isolates producing carbapenemases were extremely drug-resistant as they also co-produced various other carbapenemases, beta-lactamases, 16S rRNA methylase. Most isolates were resistant to many members of carbapenem, cephalosporin, quinolone, penicillin, aminoglycoside group of antibiotics. Such isolates had very few treatment options as only last line drugs like colistin, fosfomycin, and tigecycline was effective against most of these isolates. Carbapenemase production by almost all major human pathogens including E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter. Citrobacter, Proteus, Providencia is a matter of concern because some of these enzymes are located on plasmids and pose rapid dissemination among various gram-negative pathogens. Timely surveillance for carbapenemase producers throughout the nation, their proper treatment, and proper hospital hygiene to prevent nosocomial infections by carbapenemase producers, controlled use of carbapenems, educating health care workers, students and the general public about the adverse effects of antimicrobial resistance is imminent.
Establishing Bio-bank in Nepal
Authors: Tamang Man Kumar , Yadav Uday Narayan
Published: September 2020

Globally, the establishment of bio-banks began around 1990s when scientists felt need for collaborative researches in biomedical field. Bio-banks collect and preserve biological specimens which are provided to researchers to investigate about specific disease or treatment. In Nepal, eye bank and skin bank are only two types of bio-banks currently in existence. However, specimens collected in these bio-banks are used only for medical treatment, not for research. With this regard, there is urgent need to establish bio-banks in Nepal. In this article, we aim to provide insights on current status of bio-banking and its benefits for scientific development of Nepal. Keywords: Bio-bank; eye bank; Nepal; skin bank
Clinical and histopathological presentation of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women in tertiary center of Nepal
Authors: Chapagain Sadikchha , Dangal Ganesh
Published: September 2020

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is defined as any bleeding outside of normal menstruation pattern with excessive duration, frequency, and amount and it is a common problem among women of reproductive age group with varied presentations. The aim of the study was to correlate the histopathological finding in patients with abnormal dysfunctional uterine bleeding with the presenting clinical feature.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was carried out at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu during the period of one year (February 2019 to January 2020). It included 77 perimenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding who presented in gynecology outpatient department and planned for dilatation and curettage. Then the participants were counselled and informed consent was taken. Histopathological reports reviewed and analysis done. Results: The most common age group of women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding was 40 to 44 years and the commonest clinical feature was menorrhagia (31/77, 40.3%) followed by menometrorrhagia (18/77, 23.4%). Majority of women were multiparous, parity 3 to 4 (38/77, 49.4%). Proliferative endometrium (29/77, 37.7%) was most common histopathological findings followed by secretory endometrium (24/77, 31.2%). Proliferative endometrium was more commonly associated with menorrhagia and menometrorrhagia whereas secretory endometrium with metrorrhagia (P-value 0.000).Conclusions: Menorrhagia and Menometrorrhagia are the most common clinical presentation among perimenopausal women with AUB, whereas proliferative endometrium and secretory endometrium were the common histopathological findings respectively.Accurate diagnosis is crucial for a selection of relevant treatment and avoidance of unnecessary major surgical procedure. Keywords: Abnormal uterine bleeding; endometrium; histopathology; perimenopausal.
Clinico-demographic Profile of Undifferentiated Inflammatory Arthritis Patients
Authors: Vaidya Binit , Bhochhibhoya Manisha , Joshi Rakshya , Adhikari Bhoj raj , Nakarmi Shweta
Published: September 2020

Background: Undifferentiated inflammatory arthritis is a group of inflammatory joint diseases that do not fulfil the classification criteria for any other rheumatic or connective tissue disorders. This study aims to describe the clinical, demographic and serological features of undifferentiated inflammatory arthritis cases presenting at a tertiary level rheumatology centre from Nepal.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at National Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Kathmandu, Nepal which represents a midterm analysis of the undifferentiated inflammatory arthritis registry maintained at the centre. Patients more than 18 years of age, who consented for the study having least one swollen or tender joint were enrolled. Ethical approval was obtained from Nepal Health Research Council.Results: A total of 1120 patients were enrolled in the study out of which 941 (84%) were females. The mean age at diagnosis was 46.0±12.8 years and most of them were in overweight range (mean BMI: 27.0±5.8) with 818 (73%) patients having BMI more than 24.0. Patients mostly had low disease activity at presentation (DAS 28 score of 2.5±0.8). Other markers of inflammation and patient reported outcome measures (health assessment questionnaire, patient global assessment and visual analogue scale) were also in the moderate range. Seropositivity for anti-citrullinated peptides and anti-nuclear antibodies was seen in 5 (0.45%) and 43 (3.8%) patients respectively. Majority of patients were non-smokers (77%). Inflammatory arthritis on musculoskeletal ultrasonography was seen in 638 (57%).Conclusions: Undifferentiated inflammatory arthritis was more common in overweight females. Serological markers and smoking status are not common features in these patients. Keywords: Early arthritis; Nepal; undifferentiated arthritis.
Anaesthetic Management of Patients with COVID-19: A Single Center Initial Experience from Nepal
Authors: Piya Roshan , Shrestha Anil , Shrestha Gentle Sunder , Amatya Sirish Prasad , Shrestha Abisesh , Barahi Sunti , Thapa Subarna Dhoj
Published: September 2020

Anaesthetic management of patients with Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) posses multiple challenges. In the low-income nation like Nepal, factors like suboptimal infrastructure and resource limitations may add on to the existing challenges. Proper planning and preparedness can help to overcome the challenges and enhance safety of both the patients undergoing surgery and of the health care workers involved in patient management.Keywords: Anaesthetic management; COVID-19; Nepal
Outcome of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation II fixation of Peritrochanteric Fracture of Femur
Authors: Baral Pramod , Chaudhary Pashupati , Shah Amit Bikram , Banjade Deepak , Jha Subash Chandra
Published: September 2020

Background: Intramedullary fixation is biomechanically superior to extramedullary fixation for fracture of peritrochanteric region of femur in elderly which is often complicated due to associated osteoporosis. Helical blade of proximal femoral nail antirotation II has stronger purchase in the head of femur preventing rotation and cutout. This study was done to evaluate the outcome of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation II fixation in B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences.Methods: Retrospective review of the data of 100 traumatic peritrochanteric fracture cases operated between March 2017 and March 2018 was done for study. Cases lost to follow-up, deaths and incomplete functional outcome (VAS, HHS), intraoperative and postoperative data were excluded. Total of 71 cases were included in the study. Results: Mean age of patients was 65 (+14) (range:19 to 86) years and were operated for intertrochanteric (54), subtrochanteric (16) and neck of femur (1) fractures. Trivial fall on ground was the commonest mechanism of injury (43 of 71). Mean injury to surgery time was 7 (+7) days and mean duration of hospital stay was 5.92 (+4) days. Mean blood loss during surgery was 132.61 (+21) ml and mean surgical time was 56 (+8) minutes. Mean visual analogue scale (VAS) Score was 7 at 2 weeks, 3 at 6 weeks and 1 at 12 weeks. Mean harris hip score was 80 (+10) at 6 months.Conclusions: Proximal femoral nail antirotation II is a reliable implant system to use for fixation of proximal femoral fractures with a good functional outcome and low complication rates.Keywords: Harris hip Score; helical blade; intramedullary fixation; peritrochanteric fracture; proximal femoral nail antirotation
PENTINGNYA PERLINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI DALAM TRANSAKSI PINJAMAN ONLINE
Authors: Erna Priliasari
Published: September 2020

Saat ini telah muncul pinjaman online yang memberikan kemudahan bagi masyarakat untuk mendapatkan akses kredit. Pinjaman online Di satu sisi memberikan kemudahan bagi masyarakat namun disisi lain dapat merugikan masyarakat dengan tersebarnya data pribadi. Oleh karenanya perlindungan konsumen dan perlindungan data pribadi konsumen sangat diperlukan.Terkait dengan hal itu, maka penting untuk dikaji mengenai perlindungan hukum terhadap data pribadi peminjam dalam layanan aplikasi pinjaman online, dan sanksi terhadap pelanggaran data pribadi. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengkaji perlindungan hukum terhadap data pribadi peminjam dalam layanan aplikasi pinjaman online. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan fakta. Kesimpulan dari penulisan ini adalah negara telah memberikan perlindungan konsumen sebagaimana diatur di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen dan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 1/POJK.07/2013 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen Sektor Jasa Keuangan, Peraturan Menteri No. 20 tahun 2016 tentang Perlindungan data pribadi dalam transaksi elektronik dianggap belum memadai dalam memberikan perlindungan data pribadi.
Conceptual Basics of Financial Reporting of Insurance Organizations
Authors: Arzumanyan S.
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the issues of conceptual foundations of the financial reporting based on international experience and standards. As well as analysis of insurance companies and used new programs for the development of the financial sector. The processes of organizing accounting and auditing in insurance organizations represent an objective situation, directed to the business intelligence of the business.
On the Increasing Investment Activity in the Regions of Uzbekistan
Authors: Madaminov I.
Published: September 2020

The article discusses topical issues of achieving economic growth based on increasing investment activity in the regions of the country. Improving the investment attractiveness of regions is important. Analyzed the activity of domestic and foreign investors.
Theoretical and Methodological Basis and Tools for Attracting Foreign Investment in the Economy of Uzbekistan
Authors: Yusupova Sh.
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the nature of foreign investment and its impact on the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the theoretical and methodological foundations and attracting foreign investment tools. Various definitions of foreign investment are presented, focusing on one or another aspect of the essence of foreign investment. In conclusion, it is concluded that the influence is not only foreign direct investment but also portfolio.
Representasi Perselingkuhan Tokoh dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Senja dan Cinta Yang Berdarah Karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma
Authors: Musdolifah Ari
Published: September 2020

Penelitian tentang “Representasi Perselingkuhan Tokoh dalam Kumpulan Cerpen “Senja dan Cinta yang Berdarah” karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma” ini dilatarbelakangi pemikiran bahwa perselingkuhan merupakan fenomena kehidupan yang ditampilkan melalui karya sastra dengan menyisakan persoalan yang tiada akhir. Adapun tujuan  penelitian ini adalah  menjelaskan 1) alasan tokoh melakukan tindakan perselingkuhan, dan 2) cara tokoh terlibat konflik perselingkuhan. Kedua persoalan tersebut direduksi dari keseluruhan persoalan perselingkuhan dalam sepuluh cerpen yang dipilih.  Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah deksriptif.  Sementara itu, sumber datanya adalah sepuluh cerpen dalam kumpulan cerpen yang berjudul “Senja dan Cinta yang Berdarah” karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma. Wujud datanya adalah narasi, percakapan, atau dialog antara tokoh satu dengan tokoh yang lainnya dalam cerpen yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan penelitian. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan teknik tekstual (pustaka) dan teknik analisis data penelitian ini mengacu pada teknik analisis data menurut Miles dan Hubberman.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa 1) alasan-alasan tokoh melakukan perselingkuhan ini, yaitu keterpikatan fisik, kebutuhan biologis, kebutuhan komunikasi, kebutuhan akan kasih sayang, kebutuhan akan kebersamaan, dan tekanan. 2) Konflik yang terjadi oleh tokoh adalah konflik eksternal yang melibatkan percekcokan dan perkelahian, dan konflik internal yang melibatkan kebimbangan dari dalam diri tokoh
Faktor Penentu Pilihan Bahasa pada Masyarakat Multibahasa di Pasar Kemakmuran Kabupaten Kotabaru Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Hasuna Kamal , Humaidi Akhmad
Published: September 2020

Pemilihan bahasa dalam masyarakat multibahasa di pasar Kemakmuran Kotabaru merupakan fenomena yang menarik untuk dikaji dari perspektif sosiolinguistik. Fenomena tersebut bertemali buka hanya dengan aspek kebahasaan semata, melainkan juga dengan aspek sosial budaya. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengungkap bagaimanaperspektif sosiolinguistis tentang pemilihan bahasa di pasar Kemakmuran Kabupaten Kotabaru Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan.

Untuk mengungkap akar permasalahan dalam penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan teoritis sosiolinguistik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini ada dua macam, yaitu: metode simak dan  metode cakap. Metode simak yang digunakan adalah  teknik simak bebas libat cakap (SBLC), sedangkan metode cakap, yaitu teknik cakap semuka (CS), teknik cakap tidak tatap muka (CTS) dengan teknik rekam dan teknik catat. Adapun yang menjadi informan adalah masyarakat yang sedang menjalankan transaksi jual beli di pasar Kemakmuran Kabupaten Kotabaru. Data yang diambil dibatasi pada interaksi penutur yang berasal dari etnis yang berbeda.

Makalah ini akan mengkaji perspektif sosiolinguistik terhadap pemilihan bahasa di Pasar Kemakmuran berdasarkan teori Heymes yang dikenal dengan akronim SPEAKING, yaitu (1) setting and scene (latar dan suasana tutur), (2) participants (peserta tutur), (3) ends (tujuan tutur), (4) act sequence (topik/urutan tutur), (5) keys (nada tutur), (6) instrumentalities (sarana tutur), (7) norms (norma-norma tutur), dan (8) genre (jenis tutur).Pemilihan bahasa di pasar Kemakmuran Kabupaten Kotabaru dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor sosial dan budaya. Interaksi sosial dalam masyarakat multibahasa initerdiri dari beberapa bahasa atau ragam bahasa sehingga setiap penutur dituntut untuk mampu memilih secara tepat bahasa atau ragam bahasa yang sesuai dengan situasi komunikasi.  Pemilihan bahasa ini tidak bersifat acak melainkan mempertimbangkan berbagai faktor. Pertama, karakteristik situasi kebahasaan ditandai dengan adanya kontak bahasa dan kontak dialek yang menjadikannya sebagai masyarakat bilingual atau multilingual.Sosiolinguistik melihat fenomena pemilihan bahasa sebagai fakta sosial dan menempatkannya dalam sistem lambang (kode), sistem tingkah laku budaya, serta sistem pragmatik. Dengan demikian, kajian sosiolinguistik menyikapi fenomena pemilihan bahasa sebagai wacana dalam peristiwa komunikasi dan sekaligus menunjukkan identitas sosial dan budaya peserta tutur.
Pemanfaatan Judul Judul Lagu Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Puisi Pada Siswa Kelas VII MTsN 3 Banjarmasin.
Authors: Ngatiyem
Published: September 2020

Keterampilan menulis Puisi pada siswa kelas VII MTsN 3 Banjarmasin masih rendah. Hal ini merupakan dasar pemikiran yang melandasi penggunaan media dalam pembelajaran menulis sebuah Puisi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) Mendeskripsikan keterampilan siswa kelas VII MTsN 3 Banjarmasin terhadap pembelajaran menulis Puisi melalui metode penggunan judul-judul lagu. (2) Memaparkan aktivitas siswa kelas VII MTsN 3 Banjarmasin terhadap pembelajaran menulis Puisi melalui metode penggunaan judul-judul lagu. (3) Mendeskripsikan respons siswa kelas VII MTsN 3 Banjarmasin dalam menulis uisi melalui metode Penggunaan Judul-Judul Lagu

            Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, yaitu prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriftif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan perilaku yang dapat diamati pelaksanaan tindakan melalui dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan dengan tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanan tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Objek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII MTsN 3 Banjarmasin yang berjumlah 32 orang siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pengunaan Metode pemanfaatan Judul-Judul lagu dapat meningkatkan keterampilan siswa menulis. Indikator keberhasilan ini terlihat dari  adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, peningkatan aktivitas guru dan siswa, serta respon siswa yang cukup tinggi.

            Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) hasil belajar siswa rata-rata pada siklus I pertemuan pertama dan kedua masih rendah. Pada siklus II pertemuan ketiga dan keempat mengalami peningkatan, pada pertemuan ketiga dengan rata-rata pretest 72,18 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 84 %, dan pada pertemuan ke empat rata-rata postest 79,06 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 100%. (2) nilai aktivitas guru pada siklus I ke Siklus II terjadi peningkatan dengan nilai rata rata 4  dalam pembelajaran menulis Puisi dengan kategori pencapaian nilai amat baik. Demikian juga aktivitas murid juga mengalami peningkatan. Dalam hal ini aktivitas murid pada pembelajaran menulis Puisi semakin meningkat pada setiap pertemuan (3) Respons murid dalam pembelajaran menulis Puisi menggunakan metode pemanfaatan judul-judul lagu cukup baik.dengan total persentasi hampir 100 %.
Upaya Pemertahanan Bahasa Bajau dalam Masyarakat Multibahasa di Kabupaten Kotabaru Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Humaidi Akhmad , Hasuna Kamal
Published: September 2020

Bahasa Bajau merupakan salah satu bahasa minoritas di Kotabaru yang masyarakatnya tergolong multibahasa. Meskipun tersebar di Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, dan Thailand dengan jumlah penutur yang cukup banyak tidak menjamin bahasa ini bertahan karena suku ini selalu menjadi minoritas di wilayah tempat tinggalnya. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian kualitatif dengan orientasi teoritis sosiolinguistik.Pengumpulan data menggunakan dua teknik, yaitu metode simak dan metode cakap.Kemampuan bertahan atau tergeser sebuah bahasa, khususnya bagi kelompok minoritas di tengah masyarakat multibahasa disebabkan oleh banyak faktor baik internal maupun eksternal. Beberapa upaya yang bisa dilakukan oleh masyarakat penuturnya demi mempertahankan bahasanya ialah dengan mengoptimalkan berbagai faktor internal yang membuat bahasa tersebut mampu bertahan, yaitu mewariskan bahasa Bajau kepada generasi muda, meningkatkan loyalitas atau kesetiaan dalam berbahasa Bajau, melestarikan melalui jalur formal dan nonformal, memberikan dukungan melalui tradisi lisan, meningkatkan motivasi pemakaian bahasa Bajau dalam perkawinan suku Bajau dengan suku lain, mengoptimalkan organisasi masyarakat Bajau, membentuk konsentrasi penutur melalui pusat pemukiman, dan sikap suku lain.Meskipun demikian, pengalihan bahasa ibu kepada anak dan pemanfaatannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari harus menjadi perhatian utama karena banyak kasus kepunahan bahasa disebabkan oleh faktor tersebut
Tindak Tutur Representatif dalam Acara Talk Show Mata Najwa di Trans 7 Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Ajar Bahasa Indonesia di SMP
Authors: Musdolifah Ari
Published: September 2020

Penelitian tentang “Tindak Tutur Representatif dalam Acara Talk Show Mata Najwa di Trans 7 sebagai Alternatif Bahan Ajar Bahasa Indonesia di SMP” ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya tindak tutur yang terjadi dalam kehidupan manusia yang dapat dimaknai berdasarkan konteks. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan 1) jenis dan tindak tutur representatif dalam acara Talk Show Mata Najwa di Trans 7, 2) alternatif tindak tutur representatif dalam acara Talk Show Mata Najwa di Trans 7 sebagai alternatif bahan ajar bahasa Indonesia di SMP. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuliatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan pragmatic. Wujud datanya adalah kata-kata dan kalimat dari tuturan yang dihasilkan oleh Sandiaga Uno Cawapres 2019 dengan nomor urut 02 yang terkait dengan jenis dan fungsi tindak tutur representatif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah acara Talk Show Mata Najwa yang ditayangkan di Trans 7. Selain itu, teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simak dna catat untuk selanjutnya di analisis dengan metode padan pragmatis. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa 1) jenis dan fungsi yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis tindak tutur prediktif, retrodiktif, deskriptif, informatife, konfirmatif, retraktif, dissentif, disputatife, sugestif, dan suppositif, 2) alternatif tindak tutur representatif pada acara Talk Show Mata Najwa yang ditayangkan di Trans 7 sebagai bahan ajar bahasa Indonesia di SMP adalah dapat membantu peserta didik dalam menambah wawasan pengetahuan yang lebih luas tentang jenis dan fungsi tindak tutur representatif dan meningkatkan keterampilan peserta didik untuk memberikan komentar, berfikir kritis, dan kreatif terhadap tuturan tersebut
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Puisi Melalui Penerapan Metode Inquiry dengan Media Gambar di Kelas VI/B SDN Semangat Dalam 2 Kabupaten Barito Kuala
Authors: Rahmat
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang penelitian ini yaitu rendahnya hasil belajar Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia materi Menulis sebuah Puisi di kelas VI/B SD Negeri Semangat Dalam 2 kecamatan Alalak, selain itu motivasi dan aktivitas belajar siswa masih rendah karena guru hanya menggunakan metode ceramah dalam peembelajaran.

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mengikuti prosedur penelitian tindakan kelas mulai tahap perencanaan, tindakan, obeservasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VI / B SD Negeri Semangat Dalam 2 Kecamatan Alalak Kabupaten Barito Kuala tahun 2014/2015 semester ganjil sejumlah 29 orang siswa. penelitian ini dalam 2 siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 2 pertemuan. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VI /B, guru dan data dokumen. Data yang dihimpun merupakan data kualitatif meliputi aktivitas belajar siswa dan aktivitas aktivitas mengajar guru dan data kuantitatif mencakup hasil belajar siswa, rata-rata kelas dan ketuntasan belajar siswa, dan guru meningkat sesuai indikator keberhasilan yang ditentukan.

Hasil penelitian siklus I menunjukkan bahwa ketuntasan belajar siswa sebesar 51,72% dengan rata-rata kelas 61,82. Sementara itu aktivitas belajar siswa dan guru memperoleh nilai 63,80% dan 74,00 (88,09%). Dengan hasil yang diperoleh peneliti belum dapat memenuhi indicator keberhasilan, oleh Karena itu peneliti mengadakan perbaikan di siklus II supaya hasi penelitian dapat meningkat. Pada siklus II, ketuntasan belajar siswa mencapai 100% dengan rata-rata kelas 85,00 aktivitas belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 80,25, sedangkan guru meningkat menjadi 80,00 (95,23).

Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode inquiry dengan media gambar dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa rata-rata kelas, ketuntasan belajar klasikal, dan aktivitas belajar siswa kelas VI/B SD Negeri Semangat Dalam 2 Kecamatan Alalak Kabupaten Barito Kuala
Pelanggaran Prinsip Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Sinetron “Siapa Takut Jatuh Cinta”
Authors: Cahyani Irni , Munalisa Sri
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini membahas tentang pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan berbahasa dalam sinetron “Siapa Takut Jatuh Cinta” di SCTV. Masalah yang diteliti adalah bagaimana wujud pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan berbahasa dan faktor penyebab ketidaksantunan berbahasa dalam sinetron “Siapa Takut Jatuh Cinta.” Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu (1) mendeskripsikan wujud pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan berbahasa dan (2) memaparkan faktor penyebab ketidaksantunan berbahasa dalam sinetron “Siapa Takut Jatuh Cinta. ”Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah pendekatan pragmatik. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data yang diambil 4 episode dalam sebuah sinetron yang berjudul “Siapa Takut Jatuh Cinta.” Prosedur pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi teks. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data, pengelompokkan data, dan penginterpretasian. Intrumen penelitian dikelompokkan sesuai dengan pelanggaran kesantunan berbahasa, dan rencana pengujian keabsahan data dengan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, dan pengelompokkan data. Berdasarkan penelitian diperoleh simpulan sebagai berikut: (1) pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan berbahasa menurut Leech yang berkaitan dengan hubungan antara peserta tuturan dan lawan tutur, yaitu: (a) maksim kebijaksanaan, (b) maksim penerimaan, (c) maksim kemurahan, (d) maksim kerendahan hati, (e) maksim kecocokan dan (f) maksim kesimpatian. (2) faktor penyebab pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan, yaitu: (a) kritik secara langsung dengan kata-kata kasar, (b) dorongan rasa emosi penutur, (c) protektif terhadap pendapat (d) sengaja menuduh lawan tutur, (e) sengaja memojokkan lawan tutur.
Membangun Keterampilan Bahasa sebagai Potensi Utama Kecerdasan Intelektual bagi Siswa SD Kelas Rendah
Authors: Isnaniah
Published: September 2020

Penelitian teoritis ini akan mejabarkan beberapa bagian dari keterampilan berbahasa yang menjadi potensi mengembangkan kecerdasan siswa sebagai bagian dari proses pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.Secara efesien pembentukan kecerdasan intelektual dibangun sejak dini agar dapat berkembang secara optimal seiring tumbuh kembangnya seorang individu Kecerdasan intelektual merupakan kemampuan potensi manusia dalam mempelajari suatu melalui alat berpikirnya yang tampak pada kekuatan verbal dan logikanya.Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif yang berusaha menguraikan dan menggabrakan secara efesien mengenai suatu permasalahan.

Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah psikolinguistik yang berusaha mengungkapkan hubungan bahasa dengan kecerdasan siswa SD kelas rendah. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah pada Buku Tematik Terpadu Kurikulum 2013 kelas 2 Tema 6 Merawat Hewan dan Tumbuhan. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan metode dan teknik yang dapat dilakukan guru pada siswa SD kelas 2 dalam mengembangkan kecerdasan lingiuistik salah satunya dalam aspek berbicara dapat dilakukan dengan kegiatan, 1) membaca puisi, 2) bercerita, 3) bernyanyi, dan 4) menjawab pertanyaan
Kajian Psikologi Sastra Novel Dua Surga dalam Cintaku Karya Atho Al-Rahman
Authors: Arifin Johan , HB Akhmad
Published: September 2020

Problematika kehidupan adalahhal yang belum dapat dipecahkan, yang menimbulkan permasalahan dalam hidup manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan penyebab konflik dalam novel Dua Surga dalam Cintaku karya Atho Al-Rahman  Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan psikologis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode descriptif analisis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah teknik observasiteks dan Teknik yang digunakan dalam menganalisis data adalah teknik deskriptif interpretatif. Dari hasil bahasan dalam penelitian, maka diperoleh kesimpulan sebagaiberikut: Penyebab Konflik dalam novel Dua Surga dalam Cintaku karya Atho Al-Rahman adalah (a) kecewa terhadap Abi yang tidak merestui antara hubungan Arham dan zilka, kecewa (b) nekat untuk menyatakan cintanya Arham dan mengajak Zilka untuk menkah terdapat (c) emosi ketika Erwin menyamar sebagai Harun palsu dan mempengaruhi keluarga Arham, terdapat (d) kesal karena Arham tidak mengetahui penyakit istrinya Husna dan mengakibatkan Husna meninggal
Ocimum basilicum (Basil) Modulates Apoptosis and Neurogenesis in Olfactory Pulp of Mice Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress
Authors: Ayuob Nasra N. , Balgoon Maha J. , Ali Soad , Alnoury Ibrahim S. , ALmohaimeed Hailah M. , AbdElfattah Amany A.
Published: September 2020

Background

Ocimum basilicum(O. basilicum) was described to have antidepressant and anxiolytic activities. Although the relationship between the main olfactory bulb (MOB) and depression was recently reported, the chronic stress-induced dysfunction of the MOB is not clearly described.

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of inhalation of O. basilicum essential oils in improving chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced changes in MOB of mice and understand the mechanism underlying such effect.

Materials and Methods

Adult male mice (n=40) were assigned into four groups included the control, CUMS-exposed, CUMS + fluoxetine (FLU), CUMS + O. basilicum. Behavioral changes, serum corticosterone level, and gene expression of GFAP, Ki 67, and caspase-3 were assessed using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Histopathological and immunochemical examination of the MOB was performed.

Results

FLU and O. basilicum significantly down-regulated (p = 0.002, p<0.001) caspase-3 gene expression indicating reduced apoptosis and up-regulated (p = 0.002, p < 0.001) Ki67 gene expression indicating enhanced neurogenesis in MOB, respectively. FLU and O. basilicum-treated mice markedly improved MOB mitral cell layer distortion and shrinkage induced by CUMS.

Conclusion

O. basilicum relieved both biochemically and histopathological chronic stress-induced changes in the main olfactory bulb possibly through up-regulation of gene expression of GFAP and Ki67 and down-regulation of caspase-3 in the MOB.