bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEITO DO PLASMA RICO EM GLICOSE NA APOPTOSE DE NEUTRÓFILOS DE CÃES
Authors: Nogueira Maria Carolina Ramos , Pereira Priscila Preve , Almeida Breno Fernando Martins , Bosco Anelise Maria , Barbosa Tatiana Sousa , Ciarlini Paulo César
Published: December 2014

A hiperglicemia é considerada principal causa do aumento da mortalidade em pacientes diabéticos humanos, por promover a aceleração da apoptose dos neutrófilos, essenciais para o funcionamento do sistema imune. Desta forma, dá-se um efeito imunossupressor que contribui para o aumento da susceptibilidade dos pacientes a infecções bacterianas graves. Na espécie canina não há estudos semelhantes quanto ao efeito imunossupressor da hiperglicemia, de modo que se testou a hipótese de que o excesso de glicose acelera a apoptose dos neutrófilos em cães. Para tal, substituiu-se o plasma de amostras de sangue de 10 cães sadios por plasma autólogo, homólogo normoglicêmico e homólogo hiperglicêmico. Todas as amostras foram incubadas por duas e quatro horas. As mensurações de glicose foram realizadas pelo método cinético glicose oxidase e o índice apoptótico dos neutrófilos calculado pelo método morfométrico. Em todos os ensaios o índice apoptótico aumentou após duas e quatro horas. Após quatro horas, o índice apoptótico das amostras incubadas com plasma homólogo hiperglicêmico foi significativamente superior (p<0,05) aos das amostras incubadas com homólogo normoglicêmico e autólogo. Concluiu-se que in vitro o plasma hiperglicêmico aumenta a taxa de apoptose dos neutrófilos em cães, fortalecendo a hipótese de que cães portadores de doenças hiperglicemiantes possam igualmente sofrer imunossupressão por disfunções neutrofílica.
AVALIAÇÃO CLÍNICA E CITOLÓGICA DE CAVALOS DE TRAÇÃO, ACOMETIDOS POR DOENÇAS RESPIRATÓRIAS DAS VIAS AÉREAS INFERIORES NO PARANÁ
Authors: Finger Mariane Angélica , Leite Selene Cirio , Dornbusch Lilian Pamela Tapia Carreno , Deconto Ivan , Barros Filho Ivan Roque de , Dornbusch Peterson Triches
Published: December 2014

As doenças do trato respiratório posterior dos eqüinos são achados freqüentes na prática diária da clinica e por isso é necessário o desenvolvimento de métodos diagnósticos mais rápidos e eficientes. Neste sentido ressalta-se o lavado broncoalveolar (BAL), técnica de coleta e avaliação celular do conteúdo das vias respiratórias posteriores. O objetivo deste estudo é comparar o padrão citológico de BAL de cavalos saudáveis com animais de pequenos proprietários rurais na região de Tijucas do Sul, Paraná e também verificar as enfermidades respiratórias do trato respiratório inferior mais freqüentes nestes cavalos.  Foram realizados exames clínicos e o BAL em trinta cavalos, sendo vinte acometidos de pneumonia, broncopneumonia e doença inflamatória recorrente das vias aéreas e dez animais saudáveis. Nas análises citológicas das amostras foram avaliadas a contagem quantitativa e qualitativa das células, a quantidade de muco na amostras e demais achados, como a presença de colônias bacterianas, ovos de parasitas e material vegetal. No exame clínico, 95% dos animais enfermos apresentaram tosse e 80% secreção nasal. Na contagem de células o grupo enfermo apresentou maior celularidade. A contagem diferencial apresentou aumento significativo de neutrófilos e eosinófilos, com queda na proporção de macrófagos. Houve destaque para a presença de colônias bacterianas em amostras de oito animais enfermos. Foram verificados, ainda, casos de verminose pulmonar, influenza e doença inflamatória da vias aéreas, sendo que em apenas dois casos os diagnósticos clínico e citológico foram inconclusivos. A técnica do BAL comprovou ser simples e rápida, permitindo aprimorar o diagnostico final das enfermidades respiratórias do trato posterior de equinos em condições de campo.
TAXA DE GESTAÇÃO EM NOVILHAS NELORE SINCRONIZADAS PARA IATF E INSEMINADAS COM SÊMEN RESFRIADO E CONGELADO
Authors: Fujita Aline Silva , Weiss Romildo Romualdo , Junior Paulo Rossi , Kozicki Luiz Ernandes , Greselle Felix Vilas Novas , Bertol Melina Andrea Formighieri
Published: December 2014

O presente estudo teve como objetivos: comparar as taxas de prenhez após a inseminação artificial em tempo fixo com sêmen resfriado a 5ºC ou congelado a -196ºC, avaliar a relação entre taxas de prenhez e o diâmetro do folículo pré-ovulatório em novilhas Nelore, verificar a influência dos níveis de cortisol na taxa de prenhez e a eficácia do acetato de deslorelina como indutor da ovulação. Para isso, 96 novilhas foram divididas em dois grupos, G1 (n=47) e G2 (n=49) e inseminadas com sêmen resfriado e congelado, respectivamente. O protocolo utilizado foi: Dia 0 (D0) = BE + implante auricular de P4; D8 = retirada do implante + PGF2α + eCG; D10 = acetato de deslorelina; D11 = IATF. Para avaliar a correspondência dos níveis de cortisol sérico com a prenhez foram feitas análises através do Teste de ELISA por competição. O sêmen foi coletado de um único touro da raça Nelore, por meio de eletroejaculação, e dividido em duas frações, acrescentando diluente à base de gema de ovo, com crioprotetor (para G1), e sem crioprotetor (para G2) e em seguida foi realizado o envase em palhetas de 0,5 mL, com 30 milhões de espermatozoides viáveis por palheta. Não houve diferença (p≥0,05) entre a taxa de gestação do grupo G1(48,94%) e G2(46,94%). Houve diferença estatística (P<0,05) entre os diâmetros de folículos pré-ovulatórios de G1 e G2, mas não houve relação desse parâmetro com a porcentagem de gestações entre os grupos. Níveis altos de cortisol foram detectados. Concluiu-se que não houve diferença na taxa de gestação entre novilhas inseminadas com sêmen resfriado e com sêmen congelado, que não há relação do diâmetro dos folículos pré-ovulatórios e dos níveis séricos de cortisol com as taxas de prenhez, e que o acetato de deslorelina é eficaz como indutor de ovulação em novilhas Nelore.
ISOLAMENTO E IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE FUNGOS PRESENTES EM PÊLOS DE CÃES HÍGIDOS E COM SINTOMAS DE DERMATOFITOSE, DO MUNICÍPIO DE ARAÇATUBA, SÃO PAULO
Authors: Cardoso Natália Tonheiro , Frias Danila Fernanda Rodrigues , Kozusny-Andreani Dora Inés
Published: December 2014

RESUMO – A dermatofitose é uma doença de caráter zoonótico causada por fungos patogênicos chamados dermatófitos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os fungos presentes em pêlos de cães hígidos e com sintomas de dermatofitose do Município de Araçatuba, São Paulo. Foram coletadas 100 amostras de pêlos, destas 50 foram provenientes de cães aparentemente hígidos coletadas em clínicas veterinárias e pet shop, e 50 provenientes de cães com sintomas de dermatofitose coletadas no centro de controle de zoonoses. Em cada grupo, 25 amostras eram de machos e 25 de fêmeas. Para detecção do fungo, foi realizado exame direto nos pêlos através da clarificação com hidróxido de potássio a 20% e observação ao microscópio. Também foi realizado cultivo em Placas de Petri, com posterior identificação macroscópica e microscópica dos agentes. Nos dois grupos, todas as amostras foram positivas. Nos animais hígidos, o fungo mais encontrado foi oPenicilliumspp, seguido pelo dermatófitoMicrosporum canis. Nos animais com sintomas de dermatofitose, o fungo mais isolado também foi o Penicilliumspp, mas tiveram grande destaque os dermatófitosMicrosporum canis e Trichophytonmentagrophytes. De acordo com os resultados obtidos conclui-se que os cães são reservatórios naturais de fungos sapróbios e dermatófitos mesmo sem apresentar lesão aparente na pele. Em nenhum grupo ouve diferença entre os sexos e o dermatófito de maior ocorrência foi o Microsporum canis.
PARÂMETROS HEMATOLÓGICOS E BIOQUÍMICOS DE Bothropoides jararaca E Bothrops jararacussu (OPHIDIA-VIPERIDAE) MANTIDAS EM CATIVEIRO
Authors: Glaser Viviane , Boni Ana Paula , Pitz Heloisa Da Silva , De Albuquerque Cláudia Almeida Coelho , Zeni Ana Lúcia Bertarello
Published: December 2014

A manutenção de serpentes em cativeiro tem favorecido um maior conhecimento sobre a biologia e a saúde destes animais. As análises hematológicas e bioquímicas são necessárias para obtenção de informações acerca das condições gerais de serpentes mantidas em cativeiro, sendo assim, estas análises foram realizadas em espécimes de Bothropoides jararaca e Bothrops jararacussu mantidas no serpentário da Universidade Regional de Blumenau, e nos Zoológicos de Pomerode e Brusque-SC. As análises hematológicas incluíram contagem de eritrócitos, trombócitos e leucócitos totais, contagem diferencial dos leucócitos e hematócrito. Os parâmetros bioquímicos analisados foram proteínas totais, albumina, glicose, ureia, ácido úrico e creatinina. As diferenças observadas entre as duas espécies foram consideradas significativas somente para azurófilos e basófilos. Os valores totais médios encontrados estão de acordo com as mensurações realizadas em outras espécies de Bothropoides e Bothrops, entretanto, algumas das diferenças observadas podem ser resultado das condições de cativeiro e de manejo. Este tipo de análise é essencial para o conhecimento biológico em cativeiro e contribui para estabelecer valores de referência acerca de patologias que afetam estes animais, favorecendo sua manutenção neste ambiente e na natureza, visto a escassa bibliografia existente.
BULK TANK SOMATIC CELL COUNT IN MILK SAMPLES FROM STATE OF PARANÁ
Authors: Ribas Newton Pohl , Junior Paulo Rossi , Monardes Humberto Gonzalo , Andrade Uriel Vinicius Cotarelli , Valotto Altair Antonio , Regonato Daiane
Published: December 2014

This research studied somatic cell count in bulk tank milk samples (BTSCC) from the state of Paraná, Brazil, at the Milk Quality Laboratory of the Dairy Herd Analysis Service of the Holstein Association of Paraná, the result of technical and scientific cooperation between UFPR and McGill University of Canada. A total of 1,950,034 bulk tank milk samples from ten regions of the state of Paraná were analyzed between January 2005 and April 2012 and were studied using PROC GLM (SAS, version 9.3). Fixed effects were the month and year of analysis, region and age of the sample. Means and standard deviations of BTSCC were 553,519 ± 545,532 cells/ml, respectively. All fixed effects were statistically significant (P<0.01). Highest values for BTSCC are observed in the month of February (554,000 cells/ml ± 1.45) and lowest values in September (450,000 cells/ml ± 1.47). Similarly, the highest values were found in the year 2010 (567,000 cells/ml ± 1.16), the lowest BTSCC was found in 2012 (444,000 cells/ml ± 1.57). The region effect was also significant with the highest values found in the South Center/ Guarapuava (668,000 cells/ml ± 0.87) and the lowest in the Southwest/ Francisco Beltrão (359,000 cells/ml ± 2.00). Both variables showed a reduction of their values with increasing age of the sample, from 518,000 ± 1.08 to 472,000 cells/ml ± 2.14 between the first and the seventh day, for the BTSCC. Coefficient of variation for BTSCC was 96.10%. The R² was 0.39 for BTSCC.
PRESENÇA DE FUNGOS COM POTENCIAL PATOGÊNICO EM INSTRUMENTOS DE TOSA
Authors: Mattei Antonella Souza , Madrid Isabel Martins , Santin Rosema , Schuch Luiz Filipe Damé , Meireles Mário Carlos Araújo
Published: December 2014

As dermatopatias correspondem a maioria dos atendimentos realizados em clínicas veterinárias de pequenos animais. Dentre essas, as micoses cutâneas comumente diagnosticadas são dermatofitose, malasseziose e candidose. Além disso, os cuidados com animais de estimação cresceram auxiliados pelo surgimento de pet shops. O objetivo foi isolar e identificar leveduras e dermatófitos em instrumentos de tosa de ambientes veterinários em Pelotas, RS, Brasil. Em pet shops, consultórios e clínicas veterinárias foram coletadas amostras de rascadeiras e lâminas da máquina através de swabs estéreis e impressão em placas com ágar Sabouraud acrescido de cloranfenicol, azeite de oliva e ciclohexemida, incubadas a 25º e 37ºC, por até 15 dias. As colônias filamentosas foram identificadas conforme as características do grupo dermatófitos e as leveduras, através de método automatizado. A análise de frequência de isolamento foi realizada pelo método qui-quadrado. Foram coletados 1 hospital veterinário, 4 clínicas, 4 consultórios veterinários e 6 pet shops resultando em 150 amostras, sendo 80 da lâmina da máquina de tosa e 70 da rascadeira. O isolamento fúngico foi obtido em 58 amostras, das quais 58,6% eram da lâmina da máquina de tosa e 41,4% da rascadeira, resultando em 78 isolados leveduriformes; uma vez que não foram isolados fungos filamentosos do grupo dermatófitos. Malassezia pachydermatis foi a mais frequentemente isolada, tanto nas amostras da lâmina da máquina de tosa quanto nas da rascadeira, enquanto que, Trichosporon sp. foi isolado somente nas da rascadeira. Assim, a lâmina da máquina de tosa foi a mais contaminada, com predominância de M. pachydermatis, entretanto, nenhum dermatófito foi isolado.
MIOPLASTIA EXPERIMENTAL DO ESFÍNCTER ANAL EXTERNO COM Fascia lata AUTÓLOGA, EM CÃES
Authors: RODASKI S. , GUÉRIOS S. D. , KOPPE A. B. , SINCERO P. C. , TRANQUILIN M. V. , PERRONI M. A. , NARDI A. B.
Published: December 2014

A incontinência fecal em cães e gatos é uma situação na qual o proprietário tem dificuldades para resolver as conseqüências advindas desta lesão, e geralmente os pacientes são submetidos à eutanásia. Algumas técnicas cirúrgicas empregadas na esfincteroplastia são passíveis de complicações como estenose anal ou incontinência fecal. Este experimento teve como objetivo reconstituir o músculo esfíncter anal externo em cães, após iatrogenização da incontinência fecal. Foram utilizados 10 cães hígidos, machos, sem raça definida, com peso variando entre 9 a14 kg. Após incisão de pele circundando a abertura anal, procedeu-se a miectomia bilateral de esfíncter anal externo, iatrogenizando-se a incontinência fecal, a qual foi diagnosticada por meio de avaliação física diária. Trinta dias após, os pacientes foram novamente preparados para cirurgia asséptica e submetidos à esfincteroplastia anal externa com o uso de Fascia lata autológa medindo 8 cm de comprimento e 0,5 cm de largura, em média. Os dez cães incontinentes, em decorrência da miectomia do esfíncter anal externo, apresentaram controle da emissão de fezes em 10 dias após a realização da esfincteroplastia e mantiveram-se assim durante os dois meses de observação póscirúrgica. Dessa maneira concluiu-se que a mioplastia do esfíncter anal externo com Fascia lata autóloga, representa um procedimento eficaz de simples e rápida aplicação, podendo ser utilizado rotineiramente para restabelecer a continência fecal em cães. Experimental myoplasty of the external anal sphincter with autologous Fascia lata in dogs Abstract Fecal incontinence in dogs and cats is a hard condition for owners to solve the consequences of this lesion, being patients usually subjected to euthanasia. Some surgical techniques used in sphincteroplasty are prone to complications such as anal stenosis or fecal incontinence. This experiment objectified to reconstruct the external anal sphincter in dogs after iatrogeny of the fecal incontinence. Ten healthy male dogs of undefined breed, weight ranging from 9 to 14 kg, were used. After dermal incision surrounding the anal opening, bilateral myectomy of the external anal sphincter was performer, with iatrogeny of fecal incontinence, diagnosed by daily physical evaluation. Thirty days later, patients were again prepared for aseptic surgery and went under external anal sphincteroplasty using autologous Fascia lata averaging 8 cm long and 0,5 cm wide. Ten incontinent dogs, due to external anal sphincter myectomy, presented fecal control in ten days after surgery and for the two subsequent months of follow-up. In conclusion, myoplasty of external anal sphincter using autologous Fascia lata is a simple and effective treatment that can be used in fecal incontinence in dogs.
VALORES DE CHUMBO INORGÂNICO EM FORMULAÇÕES MINERAIS COMERCIALIZADAS NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Authors: GASTE L. , MARÇAL W. S. , LOPES DO NASCIMENTO M. R.
Published: December 2014

Para se proceder a uma investigação em misturas minerais, foi realizada uma pesquisa quantificando o elemento chumbo em diferentes formulações, comercializadas no Estado do Paraná. O xenobiótico foi determinado pela técnica de espectrofotometria de absorção atômica. Em 29 amostras analisadas, 21 tiveram valores superiores aos 10 mg kg- 1 recomendado como máximo valor aceitável por MALETTO (1986). Os valores encontrados oscilaram entre 2,7 e 256,4 mg kg-1 , com o maior resultado sendo encontrado numa amostra de sal mineral colhida no município de Catanduvas. Os resultados demonstram a urgente necessidade de monitoramento junto aos fabricantes, pois algumas misturas minerais são eminentemente perigosas, possibilitando efeitos cumulativos tóxicos de chumbo inorgânico aos bovinos. Values of lead in mineral salt commercialized in Paraná State Abstract A survey has been carried out on the concentration of lead in mineral salts commercialized in the State of Paraná for animal feeding. Lead has been assayed by atomic absorption spectrometry. From 29 analyzed samples, 21 displayed values of lead concentration above 10 mg kg-1, the maximum concentration recommended by MALETTO (1986). The concentrations of lead found ranged from 2.7 to 256.4 mg kg-1, the highest value being assayed in a sample commercialized at Catanduvas city. These findings call for the need of a careful industrial monitoring because some mineral mixtures contain sufficient lead to cause bovine toxicity and, through the trop;hic chain, reach the human population.
TRATAMENTOS DE FRATURAS DO RÁDIO E DA ULNA EM CÃES E GATOS: REVISÃO
Authors: COSTA R. C. , SCHOSSLER J. E. W.
Published: December 2014

Os métodos de tratamento das fraturas do rádio e da ulna são revisados. São descritos e avaliados o tratamento conservador e as técnicas de banda de tensão, fixação externa, pinos intramedulares, placas e parafusos nos diferentes tipos de fratura envolvendo desde a porção proximal à distal do rádio e da ulna. Fractures treatments of the radius and ulna in dogs and cats: A review Abstract A review of the treatments of radius and ulna fractures in dogs and cats was carried out. The conservative therapeutics as well as the surgical techniques as tension band, external fixation, intramedular pins and bone plate are described and comparatively evaluated in regard to the differente types of fractures from the proximal up to the distal portions of both the radius and the ulna.
SOROEPIDEMIOLOGIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS À TRANSMISSÃO DO Toxoplasma gondii EM SUÍNOS DO NORTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: TSUTSUI V.S. , NAVARRO I.T. , FREIRE R.L. , FREITAS J.C. , PRUDENCIO L.B. , DELBEM A.C.B. , MARANA E.R.M.
Published: December 2014

Devido à importância do suíno como fonte de infecção da toxoplasmose humana e aos problemas reprodutivos gerados por esta enfermidade, objetivou-se traçar o perfil soroepidemiológico e os fatores associados à transmissão do Toxoplasma gondii no rebanho de suínos da região Norte do Paraná. Coletaram-se amostras de 521 animais (324 matrizes, 157 marrãs e 40 cachaços), de 22 propriedades suinícolas. Foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico para verificar as características em relação aos manejos adotados. Realizou-se Imunofluorescência Indireta (IFI) para detecção de anticorpos anti-T. gondii (IgG) e considerou-se positivas as amostras que apresentaram título ³ 64. De 521 amostras de soro analisadas pela IFI, resultaram em 15,35% reagentes (80/521), sendo 54 (10,37%) matrizes, 20 (3,83%) marrãs e seis (1,15%) cachaços. A análise das variáveis evidenciou que o sistema de criação intensivo foi um fator de proteção para a presença de T. gondii. Entretanto, o acesso de outros animais ao cocho de ração e ao reservatório de água, a utilização do bebedouro tipo canaleta, presença de lâmina dágua nas baias e a existência de áreas alagadiças, foram fatores que contribuíram para a infecção pelo T. gondii. Serumepidemiology and associated factors on swine transmission of Toxoplasma gondii at Northern Paraná  Brazil Abstract Due to the importance of swine as an infection source of toxoplasmosis to man and the reproductive problems that this disease causes, it was defined the prevalence and the factors associated with the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in swine herds of northern Paraná State. A total of 521 serum samples (324 sows, 157 gilts e 40 boars) from 22 herds were analyzed and an epidemiological questionnaire was applied to obtain the management employed in these properties. The indirect immunofluorescence (IFAT) test was performed to detect anti-T. gondii antibodies (IgG) and titers ³ 64 were considered positive. From the 521 analyzed serum samples, 15.35% (80/521) were reactive for the IFAT test  54 (10.37%) sows, 20 (3.83%) gilts and 6 (1.15%) boars. The statistical analysis has shown that the intensive management system is a protective factor for T. gondii infection. However, the access of other animals to the water and food reservoir, the channels water-thought, the pens with water-blade and the presence of wet areas were factors which contributed to wards the infection by T. gondii.
PRINCIPAIS ASPECTOS RELACIONADOS ÀS ALTERAÇÕES NO PERFIL DE ÁCIDOS GRAXOS NA GORDURA DO LEITE DE RUMINANTES
Authors: OLIVEIRA S.G. , SIMAS J.M.C. , SANTOS F.A.P.
Published: December 2014

A busca por recursos que possibilitem aos animais atingir o seu potencial de produção é uma constante na área de pesquisa animal. A suplementação com lipídeos é uma estratégia que possibilita, além de benefícios ao desempenho animal, alterar características relacionadas principalmente ao perfil da gordura de produtos de origem animal. No entanto, os lipídeos fornecidos na dieta são modificados no rúmen sofrendo um processo de saturação através da lipólise e biohidrogenação, sendo esses os primeiros mecanismos de alteração dos ácidos graxos (AG) presentes na dieta. O aumento na proporção de ácidos graxos insaturados nos produtos de origem animal, em especial o ácido linoléico conjugado (CLA), está diretamente ligados à manipulação do ambiente ruminal, assim como outros recursos que propiciem uma sua maior incorporação. A produção dos isômeros de CLA no rúmen é altamente dependente do ambiente ruminal, onde dietas que causem uma redução no pH ruminal podem se constituir em estratégia para a proteção de fontes suplementares de lipídeos insaturados (óleos) contra a biohidrogenação. São atribuídas diferentes funções no organismo aos isômeros de CLA, sendo ao cis-9, trans-11 C18:2 a responsabilidade pela inibição no crescimento de tumores, redução de doenças cardiovasculares e estímulo ao sistema imune, enquanto os isômeros cis-8, trans- 10 C18:2 e trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 possuem ação sobre determinadas enzimas responsáveis pela síntese de gordura na glândula mamária, reduzindo assim sua produção e concentração no leite. Main aspects related to changes in the profile of fatty acids in ruminant milk fat Abstract The search for resources that allow animals to reach their production potential is constant in animal research. Lipid supplementation is a strategy that, besides enhancing animal performance, also changes characteristics related to the fat profile of animal products. However, lipids supplied by the diet are submitted to changes, undergoing saturation through lipolysis and biohydrogenation, which are the first mechanisms of change of the dietary fatty acids (FA). The increase in the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in animal products, particularly of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is directly related to the manipulation of the rumen environment, as well as other resources allowing its higher incorporation. The production of CLA isomers is largely dependent on the ruminal environment, where diets causing pH reduction may be used as a strategy to protect unsaturated fat (oil) supplements against biohydrogenation. Different functions are attributed to CLA isomers in the organism: cis-9, trans-11 C18:2 is responsible for the inhibition of tumors, reduction of cardiovascular diseases, and stimulation of the immune system, whereas cis-8, trans-10 C18:2 and trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 act on some enzymes that are responsible for fat synthesis in the mammary gland, thus reducing their production and concentration in the milk.
LINFOMA CANINO  ACHADOS CLÍNICO-PATOLÓGICOS
Authors: CARDOSO M.J.L. , MACHADO L.H.A. , MOUTINHO F.Q. , PADOVANI C.R.
Published: December 2014

O linfoma é uma neoplasia com origem nos tecidos hematopoiéticos sólidos e é um dos tumores mais freqüentes em cães. Os resultados dos exames laboratoriais obtidos foram retirados dos prontuários de 54 cães com diagnóstico de linfoma, atendidos num período de 28 meses (fevereiro de 1997 a maio de 1999) no Hospital - Botucatu  SP. O objetivo foi descrever as alterações hematológicas, do exame de urina e do perfil bioquímico sérico nestes cães. As alterações hematológicas mais freqüentes foram anemia e leucocitose, que ocorreram em 44,44% dos casos. As alterações do exame de urina e do perfil bioquímico sérico foram infreqüentes. O aumento sérico da bilirrubina e das enzimas hepáticas sugerem invasão do fígado por células neoplásicas. A hipercalcemia e hiperglobulinemia foram as síndromes paraneoplásicas suspeitas neste estudo. Conclui-se que os achados bioquímicos e hematológicos do linfoma canino são inespecíficos e variados. Clinical pathologic alterations - canine lymphoma Abstract Canine lymphoma, one of the frequently detected tumors in dogs, is a neoplasia originating in lymphoid tissues. Over a period of 28 months (February 1997 - May 1999) the hematologic, urinalysis and biochemical alterations of 54 dogs with a clinical diagnosis of lymphoma were evaluated at the Veterinary Hospital - Botucatu, SP. Anemia and leukocytosis were the most frequent hematological changes occurring in 44.44% of the cases. Changes in the routine urinalysis or serum clinical chemistry were infrequent. Increased serum levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes suggest invasion of the liver by neoplastic cells. Hypercalcemia and hypergammaglobulinemia were suspected as paraneoplasic syndromes in this study. We conclude that the biochemical and hematological findings of canine lymphoma are nonspecific and variable.
Two visions of clinical integration: perspectives from health system leaders
Authors: Hwang Wenke , Andrie Joseph , LaClair Michelle , Paz Harold
Published: December 2014

Objective: Clinical Integration has been implicated as the key to achieving higher quality of care at a lower cost. However,ambiguity regarding the meaning of clinical integration poses challenges as health care professionals strive to adapt to the rapidlyevolving health care environment. This study aims to solicit insights from health system executives about what it means to beclinically integrated.Methods: The authors interviewed 13 health system executives from 11 different institutions in Pennsylvania ranging fromsmall community hospitals to large academic medical centers.Results: Two major viewpoints of clinical integration were identified from the interviews: patient-centric, which emphasized theimportance of the patient’s experience and strengthening patient involvement in their own healthcare, and provider-centric, whichfocused on leadership roles, organizational structure, and physician alignment. Participants with provider-centric viewpointswere associated with larger medical centers and were more likely to describe their health systems as highly clinically integrated.Conversely, patient-centric perspectives were affiliated with smaller health systems/hospitals and were more likely to describetheir health systems as less integrated. Participants also identified five key success factors of clinical integration: physicianalignment, shared data and analytics, culture, patient engagement, and an emphasis on primary care.Conclusions: Despite the central role of clinical integration in emerging health systems, there is not a shared understanding ofits definition. A better understanding of the varied perspectives regarding clinical integration can help current and future healthcare professionals to better communicate with one another about clinical integration and the practical steps necessary to achieveit.
Regulatory governance: experimenting with new roles and instruments
Authors: Mascini Peter , van Erp Judith
Published: December 2014

Regulatory governance: experimenting with new roles and instruments

This editorial offers an introduction to the current issue.
What role is there for the state in contemporary governance?
Authors: van der Heijden Jeroen
Published: December 2014

What role is there for the state in contemporary governance? Insights from the Dutch building sector

An emerging body of empirical governance studies highlights that the role of the state in governance has been changing. It has moved away from governing societal problems solely through traditional direct regulatory interventions. State actors are now (also) taking up facilitative and enabling roles in innovative voluntary governance arrangements. This article seeks to gain a better understanding of these facilitating and enabling roles of state actors in real world practice and what (clusters of) roles are needed to obtain successful outcomes from these arrangements. It builds on an empirical study of ten different arrangements in the Dutch sustainable building sector, which are analysed using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) methodology. It finds no evidence that any of the specific (clusters of) role(s) is necessary to achieve positive outcomes from the arrangements studied, but uncovers that when combined, such roles affect the outcomes of arrangements. It concludes by presenting an evidence-based typology of combinations of roles that state actors may wish to take up in seeking positive outcomes from innovative voluntary governance arrangements, or preventing negative outcomes.
National variations in the implementation and enforcement of European food hygiene regulations
Authors: Havinga Tetty
Published: December 2014

National variations in the implementation and enforcement of European food hygiene regulations: Comparing the structure of food controls and regulations between Scotland and the Netherlands

Over the course of time the European Union has increased its powers considerably. Currently, almost all food safety regulations in the member states rest on European law. Despite this common legal base, several differences between member states still exist. This article compares the way Scottish and Dutch authorities deal with a particular item of European food law: the development of national guides to good practice for hygiene and for the application of HACCP principles by the food industry. The results of this investigation are consistent with the conclusion of Falkner et al. that the implementation of EU law in both the Netherlands and the UK depends on domestic issues. The dominant issue in Scotland (and the UK) is the FSA objective to bring consistent food controls and independency from industry which results in the development of governmental guidance. The prevailing issue in the Netherlands is making industry responsible for food safety which helps explain the extensive use of industry guides. This study shows that in order to understand what happens on the ground it is important to look beyond transposition or direct effect and also to investigate the implementation of regulations and to dig deeper than just their transposition.
The government’s roles in transnational forest governance
Authors: Jing Liu
Published: December 2014

The government’s roles in transnational forest governance

Forest certification schemes and the legality regime are two main methods of transnational forest governance. A recent review of the literature has revealed that the government and forest certification are often intertwined. Based on that review, this contribution argues that governments play divergent roles in forest certification schemes in different aspects of the regulatory process: namely, agenda and standard setting, implementation, monitoring, and enforcement. In most FSC schemes, governments in developed countries play a less active role in most of these aspects than they do in context-based industry-dominated schemes. In the three emerging economies examined – Indonesia, Brazil, and China – the government sometimes plays a more active role in context-based, industry-dominated schemes than it does in developed countries. The rising legality regime might further strengthen the role of the government in forest governance in these emerging economies. Moreover, China may exemplify the fact that forest governance is entering a new phase, because the country not only exports to countries demanding legal verification, but also imports from countries where the risk of illegal logging is high. This illustrates that the role of governments in forest governance is constantly evolving.
The food label as governance space: free-range eggs and the fallacy of consumer choice
Authors: Parker Christine
Published: December 2014

The food label as governance space: free-range eggs and the fallacy of consumer choice

In a neoliberal age governments, NGOs, food producers and retailers all state that the food system can be governed via consumer choice aka voting with your fork. This makes the retail food label an important space for contests between different actors who each seek to govern the food system according to their own interests and priorities. The paper argues that this makes it crucial to ‘backwards map’ the regulatory governance networks behind the governance claims staked on food labels. The paper uses the example of the contested meaning of ‘free-range’ claims on animal products in Australia to propose and illustrate a methodology for this backwards mapping.
The need for an integrated comparison of the effectiveness of international sustainable forestry, coffee and cocoa initiatives
Authors: Scheltema Martijn
Published: December 2014

The need for an integrated comparison of the effectiveness of international sustainable forestry, coffee and cocoa initiatives

To date the effectiveness of private sustainability standards has been assessed from different angles which attribute different meanings to effectiveness. This contribution compares the effectiveness of two international certification initiatives (i.e. sustainable forestry (Forest Stewardship Council, FSC) and sustainable coffee and cacoa (UTZ Certified)) from three different angles (legal, impact, acceptance/legitimacy/governance). Based on publicly available data, it is shown that FSC scores better on some dimensions of these three angles (e.g. enforcement, cost and price premium, and government acceptance), while UTZ Certified scores better on others (e.g. verifiable evaluation criteria, regular evaluation, innovation). Hence, this analysis shows that a comparative evaluation of both initiatives would have been biased if it would have been based on a single angle approach. There is all the more reason to use such an integrated approach, since the different angles are intertwined. Therefore, it has been established that in order to establish the effectiveness of private certification initiatives an integrated approach is needed which combines different angles. This contribution shows such an approach is feasible.
Mediëren verhoortechnieken de verandering in verklaringsbereidheid van verdachten?
Authors: Verhoeven Willem-Jan
Published: December 2014

Do interrogation techniques mediate the change in suspects’ statement?

This study aims to provide more knowledge on the extent to which criminal investigators are able to influence suspects’ statement. For this purpose, 166 observed interrogations covering the whole interrogation were analyzed. Based on these longitudinal data Structural Equation Modeling was used to examine the extent to which interrogation tactics mediate the changing statement between the start and the end of the interrogation. The results show that particularly suspects who give a statement on personal affairs at the beginning of the interrogation change their statement. Manipulating techniques are used more often when suspects are silent and confrontational techniques are used more often when suspects declare about the crime. Only confrontational techniques seem to contribute to changes in suspects’ statement. Accusatory interrogation tactics do not mediate the relationship between the statement given at the beginning of the interrogation and the change in statement. It can be concluded that suspects who are silent at the beginning of the interrogation or who declare about the crime in most cases don’t change their statement and that with using accusatory interrogation techniques criminal investigators seem to be unable to influence their statement.
Acute dreigingen, vage geruchten
Authors: van Gestel Barbra , de Poot Christianne
Published: December 2014

Immediate threats, vague rumors: Investigation of terrorist offenses and the action space of police and judicial officials

Since 2007 the police and the public prosecution service in the Netherlands can apply special investigative powers in case of ‘indications’ of a terrorist offense. To investigate signs of terrorism, a suspicion is no longer needed. The underlying assumption behind this extension is that the ‘old’ legislation offers insufficient opportunities to investigate signs of terrorism in an early phase. In this article we examine this assumption about the action space of investigating officers. For the period 2007-2011, we examined how investigating officers responded to signs of terrorism in practice, what investigative powers they used, and how they – as street level bureaucrats – handled their discretionary authority. The research shows that police and judiciary officials are very well able to investigate signs of terrorism with the already existing powers, and that they have made little use of the new ‘indications’ criterion
De diagnostische waarde van bewijs
Authors: Rassin Eric
Published: December 2014

The diagnostic value of evidence

Traditionally, the Dutch penal judge needs to determine whether the suspect has committed the crime for which he is being prosecuted. This is generally done by accumulating incriminating evidence. Recently, it has been argued that this accumulation fosters the risk of a miscarriage of justice. Alternatively, the judge may want to rely on a Bayesians analysis of the evidence. Particularly, diagnostic values for each piece of evidence must be established. Therefore, it must be investigated how well the evidence fits in the primary and in alternative scenarios. This approach is discussed in this contribution.
Mastigotragus, a new generic name for Mastigoteuthis pyrodes Young, 1972 (Cephalopoda: Mastigoteuthidae)
Authors: Young Richard E. , Vecchione Michael , Braid Heather E.
Published: December 2014

A recent paper on the phylogenetic relationships of species within the cephalopod family Mastigoteuthidae made great progress in stabilizing the classification of the family. The authors, however, left the generic placement of Mastigoteuthis pyrodes unresolved. This problem is corrected here by placing this species in a new monotypic genus, Mastigotragus, based on unique structures of the photophores and the funnel/mantle locking apparatus.
Effet de l’âge chronologique sur l’autorégulation et l’hétérorégulation chez des jeunes présentant une déficience intellectuelle
Authors: Letalle Laurie , Longobardi Emilie , Courbois Yannick
Published: December 2014

Cette recherche étudie l’effet de l’âge chronologique sur l’autorégulation et l’hétérorégulation au sein de dyades jeune-éducateur lors d’une tâche de résolution de problème. Elle compare trois groupes de jeunes présentant une déficience intellectuelle d’âges chronologiques distincts, mais appariés selon leur âge de développement intellectuel. Les processus de régulation sont évalués auprès des 24 dyades à l’aide de la grille d’analyse des stratégies autorégulatrices et hétérorégulatrices de Nader-Grosbois (2007a). Les résultats mettent en évidence l’influence de l’âge chronologique sur les compétences autorégulatrices et le soutien offert par l’environnement social. Malgré l’expérience de vie plus longue, l’autorégulation est plus faible et l’hétérorégulation de l’éducateur est plus élevée chez les participants les plus âgés. En outre, il existe un lien négatif entre l’autorégulation du jeune et l’hétérorégulation de l’éducateur.
Library-Press Collaborations: A Study Taken on Behalf of the University of Arizona
Authors: Roh Charlotte
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUND The University of Arizona Press moved under the University of Arizona Library both physically and administratively a few years ago, echoing a trend amongst university presses: 20 AAUP members now are under the administration of university libraries. To understand the new evolving relationships in scholarly communication, a review of university press and library collaborations was undertaken by the University of Arizona Press and the University of Arizona Library through the Association of Research Libraries Career Enhancement Program (ARL CEP). LITERATURE REVIEW There has been much written throughout the years on both the acrimonious and collaborative relationships between university presses and academic libraries. Much of the literature includes either editorials or case studies, with one or two major reviews of scholarly communications and the state of publishing. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT During the course of nine weeks, the ARL CEP Fellow reviewed existing literature, interviewed staff at the University of Arizona Press and Library, and conducted 27 informal interviews with library deans, press directors, and scholarly communications leaders. The interviews addressed the partnership history, structure, motivations, goals and needs, administrative support and budget decisions, key stakeholders, and thoughts on the future of their relationships as well as scholarly communications. Then University of Arizona Library and Press staff were interviewed regarding their perceptions of their roles and each other’s roles. NEXT STEPS This research report includes findings from the literature review and interviews as well as specific recommendations for the University of Arizona that will be implemented to improve and build relationships going forward.
“Free to All”: Library Publishing and the Challenge of Open Access
Authors: Vandegrift Micah , Bolick Josh
Published: December 2014

There is a significant and important responsibility as libraries move into the role of publishing to retain our heritage of “access for all.” Connecting and collaborating with colleagues in the publishing industry is essential, but should come with the understanding that the library as an organization is access-prone. This article discusses the complexities of navigating that relationship, and calls for libraries and publishers to embrace and respect the position from which we begin. Finally, the article forecasts several possible characteristics of what “publishing” might look like if libraries press the principle of access in this growing area.
Crisis and Change: A University Press Environmental Scan
Authors: Berkery Peter
Published: December 2014

A transcript of the closing keynote address delivered March 6, 2014 at the inaugural Library Publishing Forum in Kansas City, Missouri.
Pubrarians and Liblishers at 20: Reflections on Library Publishing from 1995–2014
Authors: Unsworth John M
Published: December 2014

The following is a lightly edited transcript of the opening keynote address delivered March 5, 2014 at the inaugural Library Publishing Forum in Kansas City, Missouri.
Event‐triggered obstacle avoidance tracking control of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Wang Xia , Wu Peng , Tang Yujun , Fu Lei , Meng Aiwen
Published: August 2024

This article addresses the safe tracking control problem of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (QUAV) considering uncertain aerodynamics and unknown external disturbances. First, a robust adaptive backstepping controller is designed, where the bias of the control variable, that is, the tracking error of the attitude subsystem, is considered in the design process of the position subsystem. Meanwhile, the safe obstacle avoidance objective is realized by the quadratic programming (QP) method that combines the tracking controller with the exponential control barrier function (ECBF). Furthermore, an event‐triggered mechanism is used for the QP process to conserve computing resources. Simulation validates the feasibility and superiority of the proposed control scheme in presence of multi‐obstacle.
Why physicians don't want to treat addiction: Emotional and system barriers
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: August 2024

It's a literature review that ended in 2021, so on the bright side, you could say things have changed. But lack of institutional support was the main reason for physician reluctance to treat addiction, based on a large‐scale review published in JAMA Network Open last month.
Follow‐up on revelations from Yale–Zoom transcript
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: August 2024

Last week, ADAW wrote about the research scandal following the release of the transcript and recording from an interview for a research study funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) (see ADAW https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.34206). To sum up: Ryan McNeil, Ph.D., director of Harm Reduction Research for the Program in Addiction Medicine at Yale University and his colleague, Lisa Bonilla, had just interviewed Shawn Hill, president of the Greater Harlem Coalition, for the study. The interview was recorded on Zoom, and when it ended, the recording continued, and the researchers disparaged Hill while at the same time indicating they wanted to find another source who was less well‐spoken and who they would “give enough rope to hang themselves.” This made it clear that they did not like Hill's focus on removing harm reduction sites from Harlem neighborhoods (part of the Coalition's ongoing campaign against everything including opioid treatment programs). As we wrote, the main concern was about the general distrust of qualitative research going forward.
Digital Methods for the Fatigue Assessment of Engineering Steels
Authors: Fliegener Sascha , Rosenberger Johannes , Luke Michael , Domínguez José Manuel , Francisco Morgado Joana , Kobialka Hans‐Ulrich , Kraft Torsten , Tlatlik Johannes
Published: August 2024

Engineering steels are used for a wide range of applications in which their fatigue behavior is a crucial design factor. The fatigue properties depend on various influencing factors such as chemical composition, heat treatment, surface properties, load parameters, microstructure, and others. During product development, various material characterization and qualification experiments are mandatory. For a faster and more cost‐efficient development, data driven methods (machine learning) promise to replace or to complement material testing by prediction of the fatigue strength. With an ontology‐based, semantically‐linked knowledge graph, representing the manufacturing history of the material, the influence of the parameters of the process chain on the resulting properties can be accounted for. Herein, it is shown how a fatigue database containing a wide range of materials is assembled from literature. After postprocessing and curation of the data, machine learning predictions of mechanical properties are discussed under multiple aspects. A domain ontology is defined, containing the relevant class definitions for the use case. After applying a data integration and mapping workflow, it is shown how the data can be systematically queried using knowledge graphs describing the manufacturing history of the materials.