bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Operating Conditions of Micropump Components
Authors: Rylski Adam , Siczek Krzysztof
Published: October 2014

The micropumps driven by AC, DC brush, DC brushless or stepper motors can be used in pharmaceutical industry. The particular property of such pumps is magnet coupling between motor and pump. The aim of the analysis has been to investigate the operating conditions for bearing in such pump during flow of water, oil and glycerin – water solution and to investigate the dependency of the glycerin – water solution flow upon the outlet – inlet pressure difference and upon the speed of motor driving pump. It has been also investigated the possibility of application for NdFeB – NdFeB magnet assembly in the magnet coupling. The loading of pump are connected of flow resistance determined by outlet and inlet pressure difference, speed and temperature of pumped liquid, geometry and material properties of pump elements. The driving motor is loaded by mechanical resistance of pump element motion either. The moment – pressure difference relationship and flow – pressure difference – speed relationship have been made for water and oil and then approximated equation for them have been elaborated. With help of such equation scheme of moment – pressure difference relationship and flow – pressure difference – speed relationship for glycerin – water solution have been made for various values of glycerin strength. The model of pump bearing has been elaborated using Finite Element Method. Auxiliary mathematical equations have been utilized for calculating sliding velocity in bearing and loading force. The obtained contact pressure in bearing has been presented in the article. The model of magnet coupling has been elaborated with use of Finite Element Method and presented in the paper. Dimensions of model are closed to the one used in original pump. It has been observed that for up to 50% glycerin - water solution the moment – pressure difference relationship and flow – pressure difference – rotational speed relationship are very similar to these in the water case. With increasing of solution strength above 50% they start to be more different. Values of contact pressure nonlinearly increase with driving moment value increasing. Calculated values of torque excited values given out by manufacturer with about 20%. Calculated value of decoupling torque for NdFeB – NdFeB magnet assemblies is greater more than 50 % comparing SmCo – NdFeB case.
Structural Strength Analysis of Dump Truck Cargo Body without Floor Beam
Authors: Liu Xiang Yin , Liu Da Wei , Si Min Jie
Published: October 2014

In order to analyze the structural strength of no floor beam dump truck cargo body, this paper established cargo body finite element analysis (FEA) model with the shell elements as basic element. The sand pressure on the cargo body was calculated by Rankine active earth pressure theory, and the Hyper works (a FEA software) was used to calculate the static strength and mode of the cargo body. By calculation, stress, deformation distribution and mode parameters of the cargo body were obtained, which provided reference for the cargo body improvement.
Temperature-Reduction Value of Conductor with Large Aluminum-Steel Section Ratio Based on Creep Test
Authors: Gao Yuan , Qi Yi
Published: October 2014

Through experimental study on creep characteristics of conductors with large aluminum-steel section ratio, the creep characteristic curve of conductors with aluminum-steel section ratio between 11.34 and 14.47 are obtained. It is recommended that the conductor should have a temperature-reduction value of 25°C according to the conductor temperature-reduction value analyzed by amount of creep, which can be used for reference during line design and construction.
A Study on Imbalanced Sound Sensitivity of BA Earphones Inducing Deafness
Authors: Yi Eun Young , Kim Myung Sook , Bae Myung Jin
Published: October 2014

One of the popular ways to use smartphones in public places without disturbing others is to use them with earphones. Earphones are used by people of all ages for listening to music, watching sports/television programs, or even talking to someone over the phone. These devices can be generally classified into two types based on their driver unit, dynamic and BA (Balanced Armature). Dynamic type earphones perform relatively poor in withholding all the sound, letting some sound leak out. On the other hand, BA type earphones fit snuggly into the ears and prevent sound leak. Simultaneously, the users are being blocked out from outside noise. This paper will investigate the volume imbalance between the left and the right BA earphones using a coupler, and how users perceive the volume levels differently. The difference in voltage between the left and the right ones was significant, having 0.8mV with 43.9mV on the left and 44.7mV on the right to form 94dBSPL. This imbalance may cause noise induced deafness when continuously using earphones.
Sound Absorption Measurements and Numerical Estimation of Non Acoustical Parameters of some Moroccan Raw Green Materials
Authors: Garoum Mohammed , Benayad Chaimaa
Published: October 2014

Knowledge of acoustical properties of granular and fibrous sustainable materials has been stimulated thanks to their rather easy handling and durability. In this work direct measurements of the normal incidence sound absorption coefficient of three non consolidated materials (esparto fibers, cork and perlite) have been carried out using the so-called transfer function method. These materials are plentiful in Morocco and they require low amounts of energy for processing, which makes them attractive as either thermal insulating or sound absorbing materials. Results show that the acoustical efficiency of studied materials is comparable to traditional materials. In addition, an inverse estimation of non acoustical parameters (flow resistivity, tortuosity and porosity) of these materials has been performed introducing a new predictability approach. This is based on Global Sensitivity Analysis combined with Global Numerical Optimization Techniques, regarding most usual mathematical models.
Motion Simulation of Cluster Warhead Based on MATLAB
Authors: Hang Gui Yun , Yu Wen Li , Wang Tao , Wang Jin Tao , Li Zhen
Published: October 2014

External trajectory equations of a certain cluster warhead were established according to the analysis of force during the motion process. The distribution on ground and some related motion parameters were got by MATLAB to solve the external trajectory equations. The influence of some factors on the distribution and terminal motion parameters were researched. The results show that the dispersion height and dispersion velocity are the most important factors. This paper can provide some reference for the research on the distribution of cluster warhead and determining operational scheme.
Aquiculture Remote Monitoring System Based on Android Platform
Authors: Xu Hong , Zhang Yong Jun
Published: October 2014

With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the application of the Internet and of technology in Intelligent Agriculture has become more and more widespread. In this paper, a kind of aquaculture remote monitoring system based on the Internet Android platform is introduced. Using the system with many sensor nodes, information (such as pH value, temperature, water level, dissolved oxygen and other environmental parameters) can be collected remotely by many kinds of sensors (such as a pH sensor, temperature sensor, water level sensor, and dissolved oxygen sensor), and then the analog data collected can be transformed to be digital data. The digital data can be sent to an Android mobile system by socket communication. In the Android mobile control interface the data received from pound can be exported into a SQLite database, and the data in the SQLite database can be exported into a SD card and stored in the format of TXT. The filename stored is formed with the information from the time when the TXT file is saved (such as year-month-data-hour-minute-second) in order to avoid the problem of having the file overwritten by a file with the same name file. Therefore, the user needs not designate the name of the saving TXT file. To the Android application, many control nodes can be controlled remotely. The system adopts CC2430 as the underlying management chip. Temperature measurement accuracy of the system can reach 0.5°C. In addition, pH measurement accuracy of the system can reach 0.3. A good control algorithm can achieve good control precision. In our system, in order to obtain more control precision, an intelligent fuzzy PID control algorithm is applied in the remote MCU control system. Dissolved oxygen is a very important parameter in aquiculture. In the system dissolved oxygen control precision can be controlled within ±0.3 mg/L. Moreover, the SOKCET communication is designed in an independent thread to the system. Thus, the reaction of the control system is very sensitive. The function of the system is not limited by time, regional, and climate conditions. The interface of the application is designed in the Android Mobile phone, so the user can handle the application flexibly and conveniently, and the user can browse data from the mobile phone, send remote control commands, and control the bottom water, pump water supply pump, and aerator in any location with an Internet connection. The IP address is exported into a SQLite database, so the IP data can be obtained automatically from the database by the system after the application is started, and it does not need input from the user repeatedly. Many mobile phone clients of the system can share a single server. Thus, the system has a very high price-performance ratio. After practical testing of the system, it has the advantages of simple operation, fully able to meet the need of aquaculture. c.
Performance Analysis of PMLSG for Wave Power Generation Based-On Different Magnetization Methods
Authors: Wang Wei Jun , Wang Wen Qiang , Zhang Huan , Mao Long Bo , Ye Sheng , Zhang Guo Ping
Published: October 2014

With the progress of linear motors and permanent magnet materials, three kinds of magnetization methods have developed for permanent magnet linear motor. Based on the analysis of magnetic field distribution of radial, Halbach and tangential magnetization, the impacts are investigated of these methods on performances of permanent magnet linear synchronous generator (PMLSG) through simulation. Advantages and disadvantages of these methods are unveiled by studying and comparing their flux linkage, magnetic detent force and EMF harmonics. A conclusion can be drawn that radial magnetization suits PLMLSG better.
Optimizing an Active Solar still for Sea Water Desalination
Authors: Hamadou Osman Ali , Abdellatif Khamlichi
Published: October 2014

Sea water desalination through solar radiation distillation process can achieve low cost and sustainable fresh water for remote dry areas. In conventional passive solar stills, the solar radiation passes through the transparent cover and supplies heat to sea water with limited back reflection. The evaporative heat transfer between the water surface and the glass cover produces the distillate by means of film type condensation at the inner surface of the glass cover. In order to enhance evaporation/condensation phase changes, active solar stills were introduced. In these last, saline water is circulated and put in contact with a heat source which supplies heat to the saline water. With this extra energy, the distillate productivity is increased. In this work, heat supply is assumed to be controlled such that the temperature at the inlet of the still can be adjusted through regulation of the circulating heat transfer fluid rate. Using a modelling based on uniform temperature in each still component, a set of ordinary differential equations was derived. The input variables comprised heat transfer fluid rate, inlet temperature as well as sea water rate and basin depth. Extensive parametric studies were performed after that and optimization of the distilled water yield and rate was discussed.
The Proposition of a Framework for Semantic Process Mining
Authors: Liao Yong Xin , Rocha Loures Eduardo , Portela Santos Eduardo Alves , Canciglieri Junior Osiris
Published: October 2014

As one of the hot topics in Business Process Management (BPM), process mining aims at constructing models to explain what is actually happening from different perspectives based on the process-related information that automatically extracted from event logs. Because the semantics of the data that recorded in event logs are not usually explicit, current mining approaches are somewhat limited. A number of studies have been carried out in the combination use of formalized semantic models and process mining technologies to obtain the semantic mining capability. However, among these researches, there is lack of a guideline that can clearly illustrate different stages during the semantic process mining. The objective of this study is to present a general framework, which unambiguously expresses the main stages of the semantic process mining. Based on this framework, an example about carbon footprint analysis is used to show the possibility of obtaining advantages from semantic process mining.
Manufacturing Research on the Ability of Finance Statement Information in Predicting Abnormal Return of Investing Chinese Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Sun Xin Ming , Zhang Jia Ji
Published: October 2014

In 1934, Grahamd and Dodd gave a precise formulation between investor and speculator , as follow: “ a investment operation is one which ,upon thorough analysis promises safety of principle and an adequate return. Operations, not meeting these requirements are speculative”. Since then, a lot of scholars have employed financial information in predicting abnormal returns successfully, among them, Ou and Penman (1989) Through conducting financial statement information in some models, to predicting abnormal returns in Chinese stock market, we examine whether its usefulness in Chinese Manufacturing Companies and found that it was impossible to predict stock performance in the Chinese market which was proved useful in other stock market.
Discussion on the Problem of Water Resources Protection
Authors: Huang Le Hui , Gui Bin
Published: October 2014

Water resources are important and indispensable natural resources for the development of the national economy. In many parts of the world, the demand for water has exceeded the extent of water can load, while there are many areas on the verge of the imbalance in the utilization of water resources. People recognize more and more profoundly that: Water is irreplaceable natural resources,water resources is the life hood of the whole national economy. Therefore, the protection of water resources has become the world issues of common concern.
The Effect of Different Methods to Pretreat Reed Pulp on the Crystallinity of Microcrystalline Cellulose
Authors: Zhang Wen Long , Zhao Wen Long , Dai Ya Jie
Published: October 2014

Reed Pulp was Raw Material that Pretreated by Four Methods {ultrasonic, Microwave, N, N-Dimethyl Acetamide (DMAc) and Tetrahydrofuran (THF)}. Reed Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) was Prepared by the Dilute Hydrochloric Acid Hydrolysis from Pretreated Reed Pulp. the Influences of Pretreatment Methods on Crystalline Type, Crystallinity and Crystallite Size of MCC were Investigated by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). the Results Showed that the Crystallinity of MCC with Four Pretreatment Methods was 68.45%, 62.28%, 63.21% and 69.56%, Respectively. the Average Crystallite Size of MCC Prepared by Hydrolysis after Pretreated by Dmac was the Largest. whereas, the Crystal Type of MCC was Not Changed, it was still the Cellulose Type I. Comprehensive Analysis Indicated that the Effects of MCC Prepared by Hydrolysis after Pretreated by Ultrasonic were the Best.
Finite Element Analysis of 2-DOF Positioning Stage with a Gas Bearing Based on ANSYS
Authors: Zhang Xiao Long , Lu Zhi Wei , Liu Bo , Zhang Jun An
Published: October 2014

In order to reach the requirements of the newest generation of wire bonder, gas bearing positioning stage directly driven by voice coil actuators is designed.In the stage,an air decoupling mechanism is used. And the finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to analyze the static and dynamic characterizes of the stage so that the structure meets the requirement of stiffness,and at the same time,the moving parts are as light as possible. The simulated results show that the maximum deformation of work platform is in the work surface and the deformation is in request scope.,the deformation of decoupling mechanism is in the main driving rod contact, but this has a little influence on the stage.
Influence of CF on PTC Properties of LDPE/Carbon Fiber Composites
Authors: Zhang Wen Long , Wan Yu Ping , Dai Ya Jie , Gao Yan , Wang Chen , Kou Wu Xuan , Zhang Xi
Published: October 2014

PO/CB (Polyolefin/Carbon Black) PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) composite with easy processing, low cost characteristics has been applied widely. But it suffered from a relatively short lifespan because of its NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) effect and low PTC intensity. In order to overcome this shortcoming, the CF was calcination-treated to prepare LDPE/CF (Low Density Polyethylene/Carbon Fiber) PTC composite. Influence of length, content and treatment method of CF on PTC properties of composites was investigated. Results showed that 0.5mm length CF in composites had higher PTC intensity than that of 2mm length CF. PTC intensity of the composites was enhanced more effectively by calcination treated CF compared to the untreated CF. The maximum PTC intensity was 8.1 when CF’s content was at 8wt%.
Designed Data Mining System Based on the Distribute Intrusion Detection Designed
Authors: Liu Hai Yan
Published: October 2014

With the development of computer and communication technology, the network has become an important part of the global information infrastructure, but the security problem "is constantly exposed to the vast majority of only using firewall this passive defense means within the network, there are still" great security risk which needs some positive active! The defense strategy, the most important one of which is intrusion detection system through the analysis of network or system in a number of key points to collect information and its, find the breach of security strategy behavior and the signs of being attacked, is a combination of software and hardware of intrusion detection.
Data Processing for Countermeasures on the Problems of the Assessment of the Value of Highway - With the Example of Highway Assets which Need Expansion
Authors: Li Rong Jin , Li Jing
Published: October 2014

The accuracy of highway asset value is increasingly important , the paper analysis the problems aiming at the existing highway assets appraisal,which classify all kinds of highway asset, and choose the suitable method . Especially to the evaluation of highway assets which not suitable to the old methods,taking the highway assets which need extension as an example, this paper use the hypothetical development method evaluate its potential value, and analysis the principle, apply the calculation steps, process and summarize the data which is the most important information throughout the entire paper.
Applied-Information Technology in Intelligent Question-Answering System Based on Knowledge
Authors: Zhang Fan , Luo Zheng , Wu Xi Kun
Published: October 2014

The AnswerOnWeb is intelligent question-answering system which network-oriented special field knowledge. On this Paper two technology of knowledge mining and knowledge annotator are used. The former is used in mining the answer which is hidden in semi-structure documents returned by internet search engine. The latter is used in trying to locate the answer in the some knowledge documents of special website or network service. The experiments proved that this system can not only get higher answer precision but also better question recall when is applied in the special field knowledge on net.
Application in Information Technology by Digital Signal Processor
Authors: Chen Si Li , Li Peng Cheng
Published: October 2014

During the progress of information technology and digital signal, digital signal processor has been an important discipline. The technical application in digital signal processor has already covered almost all scientific and technological fields. Because its advantages are small size, low energy consumption, high accuracy, reliable, flexible, integrated and multidimensional-using, digital signal processor take the place of analog signal system. Conception of digital signal processor is introduced, and its feature and application are summarized, also information technology has been presented. We have made solutions in information technology of digital signal processor by using DFT(Discrete Fourier Transformation), FFT(Fast Fourier Transformation) and digital filter. Actual case have been analysed. Finally we have made the conclusion.
The Application of IMM-PF in Airport Surface Moving Target Tracking
Authors: Chen Qian , Wang Bang Feng , Liu Shu Lin
Published: October 2014

In order to improve the accuracy of surveillance for the airport surface moving targets, the interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm, adopting three motion models including the constant velocity (CV) model, the constant acceleration (CA) model and the constant turning (CT) model, is combined with the particle filter (PF) algorithm. Besides, the airport map information is utilized to amend the measured data and the output estimates so as to further improve the accuracy of airport surface moving target tracking. Numerical simulations show that the improved algorithm described in this paper is more feasible and effective in tracking the airport surface moving targets.
Construction of Practice System for Interpretation with Applied-Information Technology
Authors: Tian Xian Zhi
Published: October 2014

With the development of information technology, all fields are closely connected with information technology.Iinformation-applied technology plays important role to stimulate learners’ learning motivations.But the learning motivations only can be stimulated with practice. So how can we build a scientific practice system, which is very important for all researchers. In order to construct a scientific system for practice, that is, a good practice system. ,the author has used information-applied technology to construct them for autonomous leaning and exploration-internalization mode with its electronic materials. During the study course, some data had been used with investigations of ,many learners and some applied skills had been introduced. From the investigation and the general introduction, you will see that it is an interesting engineering to be researched in the long run, which is not only good for learners,but also for all researchers.
Electrolysis and Flocculating of Azophloxine Using Polyaluminum Chloride
Authors: Wang Yan , Qin Xiao Nan , Zhang Wen Jie
Published: October 2014

Electrolysis and flocculation methods were used in decoloration of azophloxine. Electrolysis of azophloxine was conducted under the applied potential using titanium anode. Flocculation of azophloxine was conducted with the help of polyaluminum chloride as flocculating reagent. The solely application of applied potential has nearly no power to remove the dye from wastewater. The efficiency of azophloxine flocculation increases apparently when the amount of PAC is low in the solution. Decoloration rate reaches the maximum value of 57.5% after 15 mg PAC is added into the solution and is stirred for 10 min. The total decoloration efficiency decreases gently after increasing the initial azophloxine concentration in the solution.
Numerical Simulation of Dynamics on Plant Fibers Suspension in Shear-Planar Extensional Flow
Authors: Huang Zan
Published: October 2014

A mathematical simulation method is applied to simulate dynamics on plant fibers suspensions in shear-planar extensional flow. Furthermore, the result of differential equation on plant fibers orientation can be obtained in complex flow field.
Interference Effects on High-Rise Buildings – Overview of the Recent Research
Authors: Franek Michal , Žilinský Juraj
Published: October 2014

Wind loads on buildings are evaluated by using codes and standards. They are based on wind tunnel tests, which are performed on an isolated model in open exposure. Measurements by several researchers have shown that wind loads on real objects are considerably different than those on an isolated building. Structures around building decrease or increase the forces on building. This effect is termed interference. Interference includes geometry, layout and orientation of surrounding objects. Further aspects are direction of the wind and terrain conditions. For this reason it is necessary to evaluate interference before planning. The aim of the article is to overview the recent research, comparison between an isolated building and a group of buildings, to name the interference parameters and explain how they modify the forces on building. Also attempt to provide general recommendations for elementary models because this problem has large number of variations, especially for complicated models where it is necessary to evaluate the specific type of building. These recommendations should be used by designers and planners of the buildings.
Use of CFD Simulation to Measure the Effects of Floor Plan Shape and Building Height on Pedestrian Wind Comfort and Wind Safety
Authors: Čeheľová Dagmara , Janák Milan , Bielek Boris
Published: October 2014

The rapid development of computer technology, especially computer performance, enabled significant development of CFD simulations. Nowadays advanced computer technology, have CFD simulations in the construction sector irreplaceable position in determining the impact of wind on buildings and people. In comparison to the measurements in wind tunnels, represent much faster and cheaper method with comparable results. Presented paper deals with identifying and assessing the impact of floor plan and building height of nine different pairs of highrise buildings on pedestrian wind comfort and safety in their immediate surroundings. For simulation was selected computer program OpenFOAM. The results of simulations for all of nine cases were compared and evaluated according to the requirements of the Dutch standard NEN 8100:2006.
Evaluation of Fire Resistance of Historical Structures
Authors: Česelská Tereza
Published: October 2014

During renovations of listed buildings there are changes in the use of individual spaces and therefore there is a need to solve the fire safety of the building according to valid standards and legislative requirements. As part of the fire safety of building it is necessary to prove the required fire resistance of its individual constructions. This article deals with fire resistance of structures of listed buildings with detailed focus on the design of constructions of additionally reinforced vaults.
Analysis of Fire ETICS in Bratislava in Slovak Republic
Authors: Olbřímek Juraj , Jankovič Dušan , Leitnerová Soňa , Tkáč Ján
Published: October 2014

External thermal insulation composite systems (further only “ETICS”) was discovered in Slovak republic about eighteen years of foreign century. The first regulation that adjusted fire proposition was Change No 6 of STN 73 0802 from 1.7.1992, according to national requirement. The first ETAG 004 was valid in Slovak republic since 1.5.2004. This article analyzes fires in period from the years of 01/2010 to 06/2014, as they are written in fire statistics of Firemen Bratislava.
Problems of Current Classification of Building Materials in the Context of Solution of Structure Fire Safety
Authors: Leško Róbert , Lopušniak Martin
Published: October 2014

Fire safety, as one of six basic requirements for structures in Slovakia, does not reflect the increase of innovative solutions during last years in the field of building industry. At the present time, energy economy of structures sets the character of structures forming the heat exchange envelope of the building. Continuous demand for the application of ecological materials increases requirements for optimizing the existing or creating new procedures in the solution of fire safety of structures. The existing classification of building structures appears, from the point of view of fire safety, as insufficient one. Comparative analysis of different structural compositions of external cladding is the method that demonstrates in this paper unsuitability of criteria set. The development of new procedures can make more effective and can optimize requirements without any negative impacts on resulting fire safety of the structure.
Comparison of Different Wind-Driven Rain Gauges
Authors: Juras Peter , Durica Pavol , Korenkova Renata
Published: October 2014

This article deals with the problems of wind-driven rain (WDR) measurements. Wind-driven rain is one of the biggest moisture source and can affect hygrothermal properties and durability of the building facades. The WDR gauge design is still not standardized. Two types of WDR gauges were compared during three months in the summer 2013. The gauges were placed on the array of low-rise cubic building models located in Dübendorf, Switzerland. This comparison shows different approach to its construction and deals with the measurement errors.
Psychoacoustic Characteristics of Tinnitus in Individuals with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Prabhu P. Prashanth , Chandan Hunsur Suresh
Published: October 2014

The study aimed at understanding the psychoacoustic characteristics of tinnitus in individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). It attempts to assess the pitch and intensity of loudness of tinnitus matched by individuals with ANSD. Fifty individuals who were diagnosed as having auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder were included in the study. Tinnitus evaluation was carried out where the individuals matched the frequency and intensity of loudness of the tinnitus. The results of the study shows that pitch matched by majority of patients with ANSD is predominantly low pitched (<1000 Hz). The frequency of tinnitus matched by the patients with ANSD also correlated with the degree of maximal hearing loss. The intensity of loudness of the tinnitus was around 10-15 dB higher than their threshold in majority of the patients considered in the study. There was a weak negative correlation for the matched frequency and intensity of loudness. The results of the study suggest that majority of individuals with low frequency hearing loss had low pitched tinnitus. Thus, there could be discordant damage between outer and inner hair cells, abnormal firing of auditory nerve in individuals with ANSD which can lead to tinnitus. Thus, it can help to understand the physiology of tinnitus in individuals with ANSD.
ROLE OF ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: Lussana Federico , Rambaldi Alessandro
Published: October 2014

Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous disease, due to the expression of different biological and clinical risk factors, for which allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is an effective consolidation therapy. The non-relapse mortality of alloHSCT remains significantly higher compared with that of conventional chemotherapy; therefore, one of the main challenges in the care of ALL is to establish a more precise prognostic definition to select patients who could take advantage from an alloHSCT. Currently, the use of minimal residual disease following induction and early consolidation therapy has improved the prognostic accuracy in defining ALL risk class. In Philadelphia-positive ALL, the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors pre and post alloHSCT appears to improve outcomes significantly and, in the absence of specifically designed clinical trials, alloHSCT remains the most effective post- remission therapy. Nowadays, alloHSCT can be performed according to different modalities encompassing the use of different conditioning regimens, as well as different donors and stem cell source, with a significant accessibility to transplant.
ACUTE LUNG INJURY COMPLICATING BLOOD TRANSFUSION IN POST-PARTUM HEMORRHAGE: INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS.
Authors: Teofili Luciana , Bianchi Maria , Zanfini Bruno A , Catarci Stefano , Sicuranza Rossella , Spartano Serena , Zini Gina , Draisci Gaetano
Published: October 2014

Background. We retrospectively investigated the incidence and risk factors for transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) among patients transfused for post-partum hemorrhage (PPH). Methods. We identified a series of 71 consecutive patients with PPH requiring the urgent transfusion of three or more red blood cell (RBC) units, with or without fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelet (PLT) transfusion. Clinical records were then retrieved and examined for respiratory distress events. According to the 2004 consensus definition, cases of new-onset hypoxemia within 6 hours after transfusion, with bilateral pulmonary changes in the absence of cardiogenic pulmonary edema  were identified as TRALI; if an alternative risk factor for acute lung injury was present,  possible TRALI was diagnosed.Results. Thirteen cases of TRALI and 1 case of possible TRALI were identified (overall incidence 19.7%).  At univariate analysis, patients with TRALI received higher number of RBC, PLT and FFP units and had a longer post-partum hospitalization. Among several pregnancy-related diseases (including hypertensive disorders, anemia, intrahepatic cholestasis, gestational diabetes) and various pre-existing comorbidities, only gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia   significantly increased the risk to develop  TRALI (p = 0.006). At multivariate analysis, including both transfusion- and patient-related risk factors, pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders were confirmed to be the only predictors for TRALI, with an odds ratio of 27.7 ( 95% CI 1.27-604.3, p=0.034).Conclusions. Patients suffering from PPH represent a high-risk population for TRALI. In particular, patients with gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia   have the highest risk, particularly if they are not receiving anti-hypertensive therapy. A careful monitoring of these patients after transfusions is therefore recommended.
INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-1 (IGF-1): DEMOGRAPHIC, CLINICAL AND LABORATORY DATA IN 120 CONSECUTIVE ADULT PATIENTS WITH THALASSAEMIA MAJOR
Authors: De Sanctis V.
Published: October 2014

Introduction:  Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a key peptide involved in cell growth and protein turnover, acting as the primary mediator of many of the responses regulated by growth hormone (GH) in tissues. Signs and symptoms of adult GH deficiency (AGHD) in patients with β-thalassaemia major (TM)  may be subtle and overlap with those of the disease itself; therefore, the diagnosis may be missed or delayed, with potentially serious consequences. The diagnosis of AGHD requires an appropriate clinical setting and is confirmed through biochemical testing. The  aim of this study  was  to measure IGF-1 values and other clinical data in a large number of adult  patients with TM and to  evaluate whether an  IGF-1 concentration 2 SDs below normative values  could be used as an effective index supporting  the probable presence of  AGHD.Patients and Methods: A cohort of 120 adult patients with TM was studied for plasma levels of IGF-1. Plasma total IGF-1 was determined by chemiluminescent immunometric assay (CLIA) method. In eleven patients (4 males) the GH response during glucagon stimulation test (GST) was also evaluated. Results:  Fifty percent of patients (33 males and 27 females) had IGF-1 levels  <- 2 SDs  below normative values for healthy subjects matched for age and sex. In these patients endocrine complications and elevations of aminotransferases (ALT) were more common compared to TM patients with IGF1 > -2SDs. In multivariate regression analyses,  height, weight, BMI, serum ferritin, ALT, HCV serology and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were not significantly related to IGF-1,  but a significant correlation was found in females between HCV-RNA positivity and IGF-1, ALT and serum ferritin (p= 0.043).AGHD was diagnosed in 6 (4 males) out of 11 patients (54.5%) who had glucagon stimulation tests and in 5 out of 8 (62.5%) with IGF-1 <-2SD. The mean age of patients with GHD was 39.3 years (range: 25-49 years) versus 35.8 years (range: 27-45 years) in non-GHD patients. A positive correlation between GH peak after GST and IGF-1 level was found (r: 0.6409; p: < 0.05).Conclusions: On the basis of the present results and data from the literature, the International Network of Clinicians for Endocrinopathies in Thalassemia and Adolescence Medicine (ICET-A) recommends a GH stimulation test in adults with TM in the presence of very low IGF-1 levels (<-2SDs of normative values for healthy individuals matched for age and sex) especially in patients with childhood onset of GHD with pituitary iron deposition and/or atrophy. In addition the presence of short stature (HtSDS <-2.5), severe and/or prolonged iron overload, and severe osteoporosis strengthens the  indications for a GH stimulation test   in adult patients with TM.
Supervising Athletic Trainers' Perceptions of Professional Socialization of Graduate Assistant Athletic Trainers in the Collegiate Setting
Authors: Thrasher Ashley B. , Walker Stacy E. , Hankemeier Dorice A. , Pitney William A.
Published: October 2014

Context:

Many newly credentialed athletic trainers gain initial employment as graduate assistants (GAs) in the collegiate setting, yet their socialization into their role is unknown. Exploring the socialization process of GAs in the collegiate setting could provide insight into how that process occurs.

Objective:

To explore the professional socialization of GAs in the collegiate setting to determine how GAs are socialized and developed as athletic trainers.

Design:

Qualitative study.

Setting:

Individual phone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants:

Athletic trainers (N = 21) who had supervised GAs in the collegiate setting for a minimum of 8 years (16 men [76%], 5 women [24%]; years of supervision experience = 14.6 ± 6.6).

Data Collection and Analysis:

Data were collected via phone interviews, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed by a 4-person consensus team with a consensual qualitative-research design. The team independently coded the data and compared ideas until a consensus was reached, and a codebook was created. Trustworthiness was established through member checks and multianalyst triangulation.

Results:

Four themes emerged: (1) role orientation, (2) professional development and support, (3) role expectations, and (4) success. Role orientation occurred both formally (eg, review of policies and procedures) and informally (eg, immediate role immersion). Professional development and support consisted of the supervisor mentoring and intervening when appropriate. Role expectations included decision-making ability, independent practice, and professionalism; however, supervisors often expected GAs to function as experienced, full-time staff. Success of the GAs depended on their adaptability and on the proper selection of GAs by supervisors.

Conclusions:

Supervisors socialize GAs into the collegiate setting by providing orientation, professional development, mentoring, and intervention when necessary. Supervisors are encouraged to use these socialization tactics to enhance the professional development of GAs in the collegiate setting.
The Gaming of Concussions: A Unique Intervention in Postconcussion Syndrome
Authors: Lynch James M. , Anderson Megan , Benton Brooke , Green Sue Stanley
Published: October 2014

Objective:

To present the case of 2 adolescent high school student-athletes who developed postconcussion syndrome with protracted and limiting visual complaints that markedly affected academic, social, and athletic activity for a year after the onset of symptoms. Both had significant improvement soon after a unique intervention was administered.

Background:

A 14-year-old female soccer and softball player sustained 2 concussions in the same week. She had persistent symptoms for a year that affected her grades and precluded athletic participation. A 15-year-old male football player sustained a concussion during an altercation with 2 other male adolescents. He continued to have symptoms 1 year later, with a marked decrease in academic performance and restriction from athletics. Both adolescents reported blurry vision, photophobia, and associated headache as significant components of the postconcussion syndrome.

Differential Diagnosis:

Concussion, postconcussion syndrome, skull fracture, subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma, second-impact syndrome, and visually sensitive migraine.

Treatment:

Both patients were advised to obtain computer gaming glasses to use throughout the day. The female patient was diligent in her use of the glasses, with marked lessening of symptoms. The male patient was less accepting of the glasses but did report lessening of symptoms when using the glasses.

Uniqueness:

We hypothesized that postconcussion syndrome with marked visual complaints would respond to and improve with decreased stimulation of the visual system. This was attempted with the addition of computer gaming glasses. Both adolescent athletes responded well to the filtering of visual stimuli by off-the-shelf computer gaming glasses.

Conclusions:

Postconcussion syndrome is a persistent condition with a myriad of symptoms. Two young athletes developed postconcussion syndrome with prominent visual symptoms that lasted a year. The addition of computer gaming glasses markedly lessened symptoms in both patients.
MDCT Venography Evaluation of a Rare Collateral Vein Draining from the Left Subclavian Vein to the Great Cardiac Vein
Authors: Abchee Antoine , Saade Charbel , Al-Mohiy Hussain , El-Merhi Fadi
Published: October 2014

Congenital vascular anomalies of the venous drainage in the chest affect both cardiac and non-cardiac structures. Collateral venous drainage from the left subclavian vein to the great cardiac vein is a rare venous drainage pattern. These anomalies present a diagnostic challenge. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) is useful in the diagnosis and treatment planning of these clinically complex disorders. We present a case report of an 18-year-old Caucasian male who came to our institute for evaluation of venous drainage patterns to the heart. We describe the contrast technique of bilateral dual injection MDCT venography and the imaging features of the venous drainage patterns to the heart.
Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Complicated by Pulmonary Fibrosis: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation and Review of Pulmonary Complications
Authors: Kelil Tatiana , Shen Jeanne , O’Neill Ailbhe C , Howard Stephanie A
Published: October 2014

Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by oculocutaneous hypopigmentation, platelet dysfunction, and in many cases, life-threatening pulmonary fibrosis. We report the clinical course, imaging, and postmortem findings of a 38-year-old female with HPS-related progressive pulmonary fibrosis, highlighting the role of imaging in assessment of disease severity and prognosis.
Sommes friables d'exponentielles et applications
Authors: Drappeau Sary
Published: October 2014

An integer is said to be y–friable if its greatest prime factor is less than y. In this paper, we obtain estimates for exponential sums over y–friable numbers up to x which are non–trivial when y ≥ . As a consequence, we obtain an asymptotic formula for the number of y-friable solutions to the equation a + b = c which is valid unconditionally under the same assumption. We use a contour integration argument based on the saddle point method, as developped in the context of friable numbers by Hildebrand and Tenenbaum, and used by Lagarias, Soundararajan and Harper to study exponential and character sums over friable numbers.
Commentary on "Jamming transition in a two-dimensional open granular pile with rolling resistance"
Authors: Arévalo Roberto
Published: October 2014

A Commentary on the paper by C F M Magalhes et. al. [Pap. Phys. 6, 060007 (2014)]. Received: 10 October 2014, Accepted: 10 October 2014; Edited by: L. A. Pugnaloni; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.060008Cite as: R. Arévalo, Papers in Physics 6, 060008 (2014)
Worm in the Throat: Hamartoma Larynx
Authors: Reddy Sudarshan Loka , Kadapa Nagendra
Published: October 2014

Hamartomas of larynx are rare benign lesions which can be a rare cause for respiratory obstruction. This report highlights the case of a young female who presented with foreign body sensation and worm-like mass in throat of 10 years duration. On videolaryngoscopy, a pinkish polypoidal worm like mass was seen arising from the right side of epiglottis on the laryngeal surface. Endoscopic guided excision with cautery was done and the mass revealed hamartoma on histopathology.

How to cite this article

Reddy SL, Kadapa N. Worm in the Throat: Hamartoma Larynx. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2014;4(1):33-35.
Solitary Jejunal Metastasis from Carcinoma Pyriform Fossa presenting as Intestinal Obstruction
Authors: Sharma Kalpana
Published: October 2014

Metastatic involvement of small intestine from a head and neck primary is a rare occurrence and carries an unfavourable prognosis. Small bowel metastases usually present with obstruction, perforation or bleeding. Small bowel obstruction due to a metastatic stricture is uncommon and mostly occurs as part of generalized carcinomatosis. Rarely, it selectively affects in the form of a solitary malignant stricture.

We report the first case in medical literature of a patient presenting with small bowel obstruction due to a solitary malignant jejunal stricture caused by metastasis from a primary squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform fossa, four years after the primary tumor was diagnosed and treated with radiotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of primary tumors of hypopharynx metastasizing to jejunum and presenting antemortem. The rarity of intestinal obstruction as an initial manifestation of metastatic dissemination of a hypopharyngeal malignancy as well as its poor prognosis has been discussed.

How to cite this article

Sharma K. Solitary Jejunal Metastasis from Carcinoma Pyriform Fossa presenting as Intestinal Obstruction. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2014;4(1):36-39.