bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential impacts of healthy cognitive aging on directed and random exploration
Authors: Mizell Jack-Morgan , Wang Siyu , Frisvold Alec , Alvarado Lily , Farrell-Skupny Alex , Keung Waitsang , Sundman Mark , Franchetti Mary-Kathryn , Chou Ying-hui , Alexander Gene , Wilson Robert C
Published: November 2022

Deciding whether to explore unknown opportunities or exploit well-known options is a ubiquitous part of our everyday lives. Extensive work in college students suggests that young people use two strategies to make these “explore-exploit” decisions: directed exploration, where exploration of uncertain options is driven by information seeking, and random exploration, where exploration is driven by chance. Whether, and to what extent, older adults use the same strategies is unknown. To address this question, 51 older adults (ages 65-74) and 32 younger adults (ages 18-25) completed the Horizon Task, a gambling task that quantifies directed and random exploration as well as “baseline” measures of uncertainty preference and behavioral variability. We found that older adults do indeed use directed and random exploration, but that there are quantitative differences between age groups. Older adults showed more uncertainty aversion and less random exploration than younger adults, while their directed exploration and baseline behavioral variability were the same as younger adults. In addition, we found a subset of approximately 26% of older adults who showed “extreme ambiguity aversion,” almost never choosing to explore a lesser-known option, even when it was clearly the better choice. Unsurprisingly, such extreme ambiguity aversion led to worse performance on the task for this group. Conversely, task performance in the remaining “non-ambiguity averse” older adults was better than younger adults suggesting that age-related differences in explore-exploit decision making may be adaptive except when it is taken to extremes.
Reap while you sleep: consolidation of memories differs by how they were sown
Authors: Antony James , Schechtman Eitan
Published: November 2022

Newly formed memories are spontaneously reactivated during sleep, leading to their strengthening. This reactivation process can be manipulated by reinstating learning-related stimuli during sleep, a technique termed targeted memory reactivation. Numerous studies have found that delivering cues during sleep improves memory for simple associations, in which one cue reactivates one tested memory. However, real-life memories often live in rich, complex networks of associations. In this review, we will examine recent forays into investigating how targeted sleep reactivation affects memories within complex paradigms, in which one cue can reactivate multiple tested memories. A common theme across studies is that reactivation consequences do not merely depend on whether memories reside in complex arrangements, but on how memories interact with one another during acquisition. We therefore emphasize how intricate study design details that alter the nature of learning and/or participant intentions impact the outcomes of sleep reactivation. In some cases, complex networks of memories interact harmoniously to bring about mutual memory benefits; in other cases, memories may interact antagonistically and produce selective impairments in retrieval. Ultimately, although this burgeoning area of research has yet to be systematically explored, results suggest that the fate of reactivated stimuli within complex arrangements depends on how they were learned.
Perinatal depression and implementation of the “Thinking Healthy Program” support intervention in an impoverished setting of Lima, Peru: assessment before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Contreras Carmen , Aguilar Margot , Raviola Giuseppe , Sepulveda Alejandra , Borda Maricielo Espinoza , Moran Leydi , Cordova Lourdes Beatriz Ramos , Peinado Jesús , Lecca Leonid , Pedersen Gloria A , Kohrt Brandon A. , Galea Jerome T
Published: November 2022

Background: Socios En Salud (SES) implemented the Thinking Healthy Program (THP) to support women with perinatal depression before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lima Norte.Methods: We carried out an analysis of the in-person (5 modules) and remote (1 module) THP intervention. Depression was detected using PHQ-9 and THP sessions were delivered in women with a score (PHQ-9 ≥5). Depression was reassessed and pre- and post- scores were compared. Results: In the pre-pandemic cohort, perinatal depression was 25.4% (47/185), 47 women received THP and 27 were reassessed (57.4%) and the PHQ-9 score median decreased from 8 to 2, p < 0.001. In the pandemic cohort, perinatal depression was 47.5% (117/247), 117 women received THP and 89 were reassessed (76.1%) and the PHQ-9 score median decreased from 7 to 2, p < 0.001. Conclusions: Perinatal depression was higher during COVID-19. THP´s modalities were effective in reducing perinatal depression.
Liberate academic research from paywalls
Authors: Ke Shuqi
Published: November 2022

Academic publishing is one of the most profitable industries in the world. Academic publishing is lucrative because of its unique business model. A traditional publisher covers expensive costs. It pays writers for articles. It employs editors to shape and check the articles. It pays to distribute the products to subscribers and retailers. However, academic publishing costs publishers less. Researchers give their articles to academic publishers for free. Leading scholars volunteer to judge whether the articles are worth publishing. The publishers then sell the product back to university libraries and public-funded institutions. Many researchers criticized this business model. Researchers should resist this unfair business model because it keeps raising unreasonable subscription fees, uses a sales strategy that wastes universities’ money, and exerts bad influence over researches. Universities and institutions should build open-access systems themselves instead of merely boycotting the publishers because (1) boycotting cannot effectively force publishers to change; (2) open access helps researchers find, retrieve, and use the research they need; (3) publishers charge authors expensive fees on open access; (4) scientists already have sufficient tools to build open-access systems themselves.
Anxiety, Depression and Functional Impairment among Health Care Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Crosssectional Online Survey
Authors: Shrestha R. , Khatri B. , Adhikari S. , Poudyal P.
Published: November 2022

Background COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. The number of cases and dramatic loss of human life worldwide created psychological problems among general public, including health care workers.

Objective To determine the burden of anxiety, depression, and functional impairment among health care workers in the early days of lockdown during the first wave of COVID-19 outbreak in Nepal.

Method A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among all the employees of Hospital for Children Eye ENT and Rehabilitation Services, Bhaktapur during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown from April 3, 2020 to May 2, 2020 using an online questionnaire. The tools used were adopted from Nepali version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) and Nepali version of WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0).

Result The mean age (SD) of the participants (n=86) was 32.53 (7.92) years. Male and female participants were equal in number. The point prevalence of anxiety and depression was 25.6% and 14.0%, respectively. Females had a higher prevalence of both anxiety (39.5% vs 11.6%, p < 0.01) and depression (18.6% vs 9.3%, p=0.351). Clinical and nonclinical staff both had a higher prevalence of both anxiety (31.0% and 20.5%, p=0.265) and depression (16.7% and 11.4%, p=0.478). The mean functional impairment score (WHODAS 2.0) among all participants and participants with anxiety and depression was 19.47 (95% CI: 18.13-20.80), 21.27 (95% CI: 18.08-24.46), and 19.92 (95% CI: 15.28- 24.56), respectively.

Conclusion Anxiety and depression during the first lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic were highly prevalent in clinical and non-clinical employees. Besides controlling the outbreak, special consideration should be given to mental health.
Chest CT Scan Findings in Symptomatic Patients Infected with COVID-19 in Norvic International Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Shahi R. R. , Sapkota M. R. , Budhathoki L. , Manandhar S. , Regmi D.
Published: November 2022

Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is the recent global health emergency making it crucial for rapid diagnosis and intervention. Computed tomography (CT) is important for screening, diagnosis and evaluating severity and disease progress.

Objective To assess the CT changes in COVID patients and study its relationship with various factors.

Method A retrospective study was conducted at Norvic International hospital from August 2020 to November 2020 among RT-PCR positive symptomatic COVID cases who had positive CT changes. CT imaging data were analyzed by radiology expertise. Statistical analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS 16.

Result Out of 120 patients, 75% were males and mean age was 54.70±15.56 years. The mean CT severity score was 18.35±6.87. Pure ground glass opacities was seen in 74(61.7%), reticulations 89(74.2%) and crazy-paving pattern 28(23.3%). CT scans with bilateral 118(98.3%) and peripheral involvement 109(90.8%) in all five lobes. CT- severity score was positively correlated with oxygen and mechanical ventilation requirement (P-value < 0.05 and 0.011 respectively).

Conclusion CT findings including pure ground glass opacities, reticulations, bilateral and peripheral involvement involving all five lobes were more frequent. Our data suggest that CT-severity score significantly correlates with oxygen and mechanical ventilation requirements.
A Rare Case of Large Left Lateral Wall Vaginal Myoma
Authors: Shrestha A. , Mudbari J. , Tamrakar S. R. , Pradhan N. , Makaju R. , Karki S.
Published: November 2022

Vaginal leiomyomas are rare, they are uncommon benign tumor with variable clinical presentation. They usually present as a mass per vaginum or dyspareunia or pressure symptoms on the neighbouring structures. We present a case of 47 years lady with mass per vaginum and difficulty in walking and chronic pelvic pain. Her clinical findings suggested a large mass in the left vaginal wall, the mass was approximately 12 x 10 cm in size hindering the visualization of the cervix. Her ultrasonography showed bulky uterus with mass occupying the cervix. This finding was not correlating with the clinical findings. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done and it was reported as mass lesion in pelvis separate from the cervix abutting the rectum posteriorly. Ultrasonography (USG) guided biopsy was done which was reported as Leiomyoma. She underwent vaginal myomectomy and was confirmed in histopathology as Leiomyoma. A leiomyoma is a smooth muscle tumor that arises from the muscular part of the uterus and rarely seen in the vaginal wall.
RESEARCH OF RURAL AREAS ON THE BASIS OF A GEOCENTRIC ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: Kusakina Olga , Gruzkov Igor , Sokolov Sergey
Published: November 2022

Importance. Theoretical representations and conceptual approaches to disclosing the understanding of the essence of a rural area from the point of view of its socio-spatial organization. Methods. The methodological approach to the comprehensive study of rural areas is based on the conceptual features of the research methodology in the form of an idea of integrity through a system of classification criteria and generalizations that bring to the level of understanding the state of a rural area in the form of a platform of a socio-agroecosystem. Results. A statement as a new platform for the study of the socio-agroecosystem in the form of a theoretical formulation of the conceptual features of the methodology for determining the directions of development of agricultural territories of the Russian Federation, which will expand the variability of the proposed methods for studying the transformation of rural areas. Conclusions. The theoretical substantiation of the directions of development of rural areas based on the research platform of the socio-agroecosystem will allow the use of new approaches to the study of rural areas based on a given vector of human-oriented development of the territory.
Work as care, care as work: The contribution of Eva Feder Kittay and Sibyl A. Schwarzenbach to the understanding of work’s value
Authors: Szymala Katarzyna
Published: November 2022

In this paper I attempt to reveal a woman’s intuition in understanding the value of labor (considered as satisfying one’s bodily needs). My central idea is that it has much to do with the notion of care and that care ethics contributes to the comprehension of the concept of labor and every work in general. The starting point is an overview oftwo different perspectives on labor: understanding work as care and care as work. The first approach is represented by Sibyl A. Schwarzenbach and her idea of “ethical reproduction” (or “reproductive labor”) which aims to fulfil one’s needs or to create relationships based on friendship. The second approach is that of Eva Feder Kittay who advocates the need and social and political convenience of considering care as work, with all its intrinsic characteristics. Both feminist philosophers go beyond the liberal notion of work as ownership relation (Locke) and the neoliberal productive assumption of work as a domain of power and productive capacity. Strongly convinced of the existence of profound social interdependency, Feder Kittay and Schwarzenbach emphasize the importance of dealing with human fragility in and through work and of fostering friendly relations. Our contemporary society is a “society of tiredness” and of burnout professionals (Byng-Chul) but still a precarious community (Standing), marked by the existence of those uncared for, whose present and future labor is uncertain. We need a balanced view on work, a voice combining common sense and humanistic vision. A woman’s voice, a different voice (Gilligan) can serve as a meaningful framework to create more true-to-life public policies regarding work and more adequate social patterns to approach this issue. Work understood as labor (Arendt) may consequently be rediscovered and given its proper value. My aim here is not to give a detailed explanation of the ideas mentioned above but rather to introduce into public debate the consideration of care as an inherent mark of each work.
La prova della incapacità psichica al matrimonio (can. 1095) quando la parte convenuta non collabora all’istruttoria
Authors: Bianchi Paolo
Published: November 2022

The article analyses mental incapacity to marry in the procedural context of passivity of the party during the canonical process. Such a circumstance should not be regarded in a uniform manner, however, as it could lead to both types of results – negative and positive, as far as the cirterion of can. 1095 of the Code of canon law is concerned.
The French Federation of Eclaireuses: A female movement where any little French girl was to be comfortable
Authors: Duval Nathalie
Published: November 2022

According to one of the famous foundresses of the French Federation of Eclaireuses (FFE), Marguerite Walther, it had to a be a female movement where “any little French girl would be comfortable” – comfortable to learn about moral values and about freedom. The FFE was very successful during the 1930s, achieving a high number of enrolments which were maintained after World War II. But the 1960s resulted in some fatal consequences for the FFE due to several reasons. There were financial problems, personality clashes, changes of attitude, and, eventually, co-education. Nevertheless, undertaking the analysis ofthe impact ofthe Eclaireuses’ movement one may clearly see its contribution to women’s empowerment in France. The question is to determine the particularities of this kind of feminism and how the women participating in the movement became more engaged in civil society.
Feminism and the right to life
Authors: Dylewski Daniel
Published: November 2022

Feminism as a movement is strongly connected with a political and philosophical reality which came after the French Revolution. The feminist movement in the 19th and early 20th century was focused on obtaining for women the right to vote and equal salary for work of equal value. The activists of this movement were called suffragettes. After their victory, the majority of feminists started to present abortion as a human right, thereby in fact refusing unborn children the right to life. The modern term „reproductive rights”, in contemporary feminist understanding of these words, means a right to decide about procreation both in morally acceptable and unacceptable way (e.g. allowing abortion). However, some feminist initiatives are worth to analyse as a way to protect human dignity, e.g. the prohibition of prostitution in France, which was supported by the French feminists. Finally, it should be said that feminism is a very differentiated movement and some feminists do not accept abortion. Also, not all women, or probably even not the majority of women, feel represented by the feminists.
Getting the Queer Word Out: Word is Out and 16mm Distribution as Gay and Lesbian Activism
Authors: Petrychyn Jonathan
Published: November 2022

Cet article retrace la distribution en 16mm du film Word is Out: Stories of Some of Our Lives (Mariposa Film Group, 1977, États-Unis) à travers le Canada entre 1977 et 1985. Il contribue au corpus croissant de travaux sur la distribution de films en se penchant sur celle des films gais et lesbiens durant cette période. En s’appuyant sur des journaux numérisés ainsi que sur la correspondance et la documentation en archives, l’auteur démontre que la distribution en 16mm de Word is Out dépendait de son intermédialité avec d’autres médias et technologies de communication, notamment le film en 35mm, la télévision, les grands journaux et les revues gaies, qui étaient tous cruciaux pour former un contre-public discursif. L’analyse de ces connexions intermédiales élargit notre compréhension des façons complexes par lesquelles les militants gais et militantes lesbiennes ont utilisé le film pour créer des communautés et élargir leur mouvement.
Undergraduate Medical Students’ Perceptions of Nutrition Education at the Northern Ontario School of Medicine
Authors: Dubois Erica , Ducharme Nicholas , Lalonde Dayna , Rysdale Lee
Published: November 2022

The objective of this evaluation was to determine Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM) undergraduate medical education (UME) students’ perceptions of the curriculum related to their nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and counseling self-efficacy/confidence. A 16-item electronic survey (Qualtrics©) was developed, and it included nutrition competency statements, adult and pediatric nutrition assessment and counseling confidence, and nutrition curriculum satisfaction. Students in Years 2, 3, and 4 (n = 192, 66%–73% female) were invited to answer the survey. Of the 61 respondents, 50.8% were Year 2, 34.9% Year 3, and 10.6% Year 4. Overall, 72.1% of the respondents were dissatisfied. Respondents perceived they were least competent in strategies to prevent and treat disease (72.1%), in applying basic dietary strategies (65.6%), and in ethics and nutrition management (62.3%), whereas 52.5% felt competent in the team approach to nutrition care. Respondents reported lowest confidence (less than 10%–15%) in specialized nutrition support, cancer care, renal nutrition, and mental health/eating disorders for both populations. NOSM medical learners reported curriculum dissatisfaction, nutrition incompetence, and poor levels of perceived confidence in nutrition management. Results will be used to inform nutrition curriculum enhancements and future outcome evaluations. Current and future physicians with enhanced nutrition knowledge, awareness of the Registered Dietitian (RD) roles, and an understanding of when to refer patients to an RD can provide better patient-centred care.
Food Values, Food Purchasing, and Eating-Related Outcomes Among a Sample of Quebec Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nielsen Daiva E. , Karamanoglu Irem , Yang Han Hannah , Labonté Katherine , Paquet Catherine
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This investigation evaluated food values, food purchasing, and other food and eating-related outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec, Canada. The role of stress in eating outcomes was also examined.

Methods: An online household survey was conducted among Quebec adults aged ≥18 years (n = 658). Changes in outcomes during, as compared to before, the pandemic were evaluated using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of free text responses. Eating outcomes by daily stress level (low, some, high) were assessed using Cochran–Armitage test for trend.

Results: Most respondents reported increased importance and purchasing of local food products (77% and 68%, respectively) and 60% reported increased grocery spending (mean ± standard deviation: 28% ± 23%). Respondents with a higher daily stress level had a higher frequency of reporting eating more than usual compared to before the pandemic (low stress 21%, some stress 34%, high stress 39%, p-trend <0.0001). Free text responses described more time spent at home as a reason for eating more than usual.

Conclusions: To support healthy eating during and post-pandemic, dietitians should consider patients’ mental/emotional well-being and time spent at home. Moreover, support of local food products may provide opportunities to promote healthy eating, sustainability, and post-pandemic resiliency of food systems.
The Existence of Prophetic Learning in Improving Spiritual Intelligence Through Tahfidz Al-Qur’an for Students
Authors: Muchtar Nicky Estu Putu , Ahadiyah Wahyuni , Zulianah Evi , Khodijah Siti
Published: November 2022

This study was aimed at determining the existence of prophetic learning to improve spiritual intelligence through the tahfidz Al-Qur’an program for grade 8 students at SMPN 1 Deket Lamongan. The method applied was a qualitative method with a natural setting, where the researcher conducted research in the field naturally which then produced several findings. First, the existence of prophetic learning included the values ​​of humanization, liberation, and transcendence, which was the implementation of attitudes to solve students’ moral degradation problem. Second, fostering spiritual intelligence by embedding prophetic characters through memorizing Al-Qur’an. Third, the tahfidzul Qur’an process program used talqin, tasmi’ and muroja’ah methods. Fourth, supporting factors included: competent teachers in the field of tahfidz Al-Qur’an, adequate facilities and infrastructure, motivational support and appreciation from all stakeholders in the school environment and tahfidz graduation. Inhibiting factors included; there were students that were unable to read Al-Qur’an, some never recite at home, some were lack motivation from parents and students’ lack of concentration because they often play online games. Novelty was also found that one of the students was classified as an inclusive student, so the approach in the tahfidz Al-Qur’an program was different from other students. Tahfidz teachers at SMPN 1 Deket never discriminated against their students. Inclusive students needed special attention and approach to repeat their memorization. From the experience of teachers who taught were by using methods of Tikrarul Mahfudz, Kitabul Mahfudz, and Isati’amul Mahfudz methods.
A new species of the genus Scarlata (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from Laos
Authors: Gorbunov O.G.
Published: November 2022

Scarlata namsanam sp. nov. from Laos is described and illustrated. The type series was collected on wet soil near the drying stream within a primary monsoon lowland tropical forest. This new species is most similar to S. guichardii Skowron Volponi, 2022, from which it differs in the coloration of the hind tibia, forewing and abdomen and in noticeably wider discal spot of the hindwing.
Fake news como representação da violência
Authors: DAMASCENO-MORAIS RUBENS , DE OLIVEIRA BRUNA AGAPITO
Published: November 2022

Por meio do Modelo Dialogal da Argumentação (PLANTIN, 2008, 2016, 2018, GRÁCIO, 2012, 2013,2019), este estudo mostrará como as fake news (ELLISON & BOYD, 2013) atuam como manifestação da violência, numa interação em redes sociais. Ali será analisado o conflito (estase), por meio do jogo de papéis actanciais, na plataforma Facebook, a qual se tem mostrado como eficaz palco de polêmicas (AMOSSY, 2017, 2018).  No atual contexto de interação propiciado pelas plataformas online, as redes sociais são ferramentas democráticas e de fácil acesso (MARCUSCHI, 2010), mas com conteúdo de violência rara, além de terreno fértil para a disseminação de fake news, foco desta pesquisa.
Representação animal na série Harry Potter
Authors: Koch Catarina Zica , Souza Edilson Alves de
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a representação animal na série Harry Potter, de J. K. Rowling. Ao longo da história, o homem desenvolveu diferentes formas de relação com a natureza e com os seres não humanos. Uma delas está fundamentada no simbolismo animal, que alimentou uma vasta tradição literária que permeou diversas culturas. Os livros Harry Potter dão continuidade a essa tendência por meio de um intricado diálogo que converge distintos sistemas de simbolização, como aqueles concernentes a mitologia greco-romana. É diante disso que propomos uma leitura do dialogismo intercultural presente na referida obra de Rowling.
O AUTOR INTERNO ÀS CARTAS DE ROMANCES
Authors: Gomes Antônio Egno do Carmo , De Souza Gomes Cassiane Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Ao construir uma narrativa por meio de cartas, o escritor é consciente das relativas limitações de perspectiva que o narrador em primeira pessoa impõe. Para contorná-las, ele lança mão de expedientes como a narração indireta, quando delega funções narratoriais à personagem. Neste artigo refletimos sobre esse fenômeno, partindo de As relações perigosas, romance epistolar de Choderlos de Laclos, observando como a referida delegação revela pontos importantes sobre o estatuto da personagem e a relevância da autoria interna para o sentido intrínseco de um romance.
ALICE E MUITAS HISTÓRIAS:
Authors: Ferreira Elizete Albina
Published: November 2022

Este artigo propõe a análise do conto “História mal contada” (2020), da escritora portuguesa Teolinda Gersão, buscando refletir acerca do estatuto do narrador e do conceito de testemunho dentro do espaço ficcional da narrativa. Trata-se de um estudo que apresenta como objeto de investigação o narrador aqui categorizado por Émile Benveniste de arbiter, que representa a figura testemunhal auricular que, sem ter participado da experiência do que é relatado, expõe e julga. Para tanto, os principais referenciais teóricos são Jacques Derrida (2004), Walter Benjamin (1994), Márcio Seligmann-Silva (2008), Augusto Sarmento-Pantoja (2019), Émile Benveniste (1995), Philippe Lejeune (2009).
A PERFORMANCE DA TRANSEXUAL CRUCIFICADA COMO ATO RESPONSÁVEL: ÉTICA E ESTÉTICA
Authors: Vicente Eliézer Reis , De Freitas Lúcia Gonçalves
Published: November 2022

Este artigo objetiva discutir questões discursivas, éticas e estéticas na performance artística da atriz e modelo transexual Viviany Beleboni à ocasião das 19ª, 20ª e 21ª Parada do Orgulho LGBT de São Paulo em 2015, 2016 e 2017, respectivamente. O trabalho se baseia nas noções de performatividade de gênero, conforme desenvolvido por Judith Butler. Além da performance da atriz, analisam-se também enunciados propagados pela mídia nas ocasiões mencionadas. A análise destaca a produção e manutenção de discursos violentos, transfóbicos, capazes de subalternizar e ferir pessoas trans por meio da linguagem, o que permite evidenciar como a dicotomização de diferentes aspectos identitários pode beneficiar um grupo em detrimento de outros. Os campos político e religioso discursam em favor de lugares distintos que separam um grupo do outro. Demarcam posições dos sujeitos em sociedade. Percebeu-se que tais discursos objetivavam demarcar as diferenças e constroem identidades por meio da exclusão e marginalização, utilizando-se de visão estereotipada do grupo, tido por eles como não pertencente à sociedade.
LITERATURA DE TESTEMUNHO: MEMÓRIA DO SOBREVIVENTE E MANUTENÇÃO DA HISTÓRIA - PASSADO NO PRESENTE
Authors: Sousa Nayara Caroline de , De Oliveira Custódia Annunziata Spencieri
Published: November 2022

A intenção deste trabalho é demonstrar como a Literatura de Testemunho, uma corrente literária surgida no século XX, é importante para valorização da memória e para a manutenção da História. Ainda hoje, há a tendência de uma certa negação de fatos históricos, e até mesmo da manipulação desses fatos para o favorecimento de um poder político que mantém discursos de ódio contra aqueles que têm menos poder de representatividade. A negação de que o nazismo aconteceu, por exemplo, é ferir a memória daqueles que sobreviveram, é assassinar novamente aqueles que morreram, é matar a História. A negação e a manipulação da história possibilitam que discursos análogos aos discursos nazistas, ou de qualquer outro poder de cunho autoritário possam prevalecer. É por isso que este trabalho veio a se concretizar, por meio de pesquisas e estudos teóricos, a partir de Silva, Ricoeur. Kristeva, Primo Levi, Elie Wiesel, que permitiram trazer análises da linguagem dentro desta Corrente Literária a partir da obra: Depois de Auschwitz.
ESTRUTURAS E PROCESSOS COGNITIVOS NOS EVENTOS DE FALA DE VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER
Authors: Da Costa Alexandre Ferreira , Souza Renata H. de M. , Silva Leosmar Aparecido da
Published: November 2022

O artigo discute as questões sobre gênero social, sob a perspectiva da Análise do Discurso Crítica e de alguns aspectos da Linguística Cognitiva, os processos e as estruturas que caracterizam a violência. O corpus de análise é constituído por comentários presentes no blog “Violência contra a mulher”, criado por estudantes de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade de Brasília em 2011. Na análise, descrevemos os processos, os participantes e as circunstâncias dos enunciados que tratam da violência contra a mulher. Os resultados mostram que estão evidenciadas as questões de poder e ideologia sob o olhar do gênero social. Há ainda a valorização de um discurso machista que vê a mulher como posse, símbolo de prazer e alvo de agressão.
A REDAÇÃO PRODUZIDA NA ESCOLA: GÊNERO TEXTUAL OU DISCURSIVO?
Authors: Emerick Lara , Costa Návia Regina Ribeiro da
Published: November 2022

este artigo tece uma discussão sobre a redação produzida na escola, buscando compreender se, a depender do processo de ensino e aprendizagem a que é submetido o estudante, ela se caracteriza como gênero textual ou gênero discursivo, considerando que categorizá-la de uma forma ou de outra não se trata apenas de nomenclatura. Resulta de uma análise da sequência didática para o ensino de produção textual materializada nos livros didáticos da Editora FTD, Coleção Trilhas Sistema de Ensino – Ensino Fundamental, anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. O objetivo é avaliar se a escola que se vale de materiais de ensino como o descrito cumpre com a função de preparar o estudante dessa fase, valendo-se de gêneros discursivos, para atuarem de forma crítica no meio social no qual estão inseridos, como um sujeito comunicador autônomo e não se restringindo ao ensino de produção de texto, que se vale de noções estruturais e padrões de sequências didáticas pré-definidos. O que se considerou é que, nesse contexto, e, por exemplificação, em outros que se utilizam do mesmo material didático, o ensino de produções textuais não é voltado para a consideração do gênero discursivo, mas sim para do gênero textual, caracterizando-se ainda como prescritivista, uma vez que focaliza os padrões estruturais do uso da língua e do texto e as avaliações.
POR UMA APROXIMAÇÃO ENTRE UNIVERSAIS LINGUÍSTICOS E A SEMÂNTICA DAS LÍNGUAS
Authors: Filetti Elisandra
Published: November 2022

A proposta deste artigo é retomar alguns princípios epistemológicos que orientaram teorias de natureza relativista e inatista ao longo do século XX e como esses conceitos continuam contemporâneos, considerando os avanços das pesquisas linguísticas já empreendidas. A retomada desses conceitos permite ao cientista da linguagem relacionar a tradição dos estudos da linguagem a novas perspectivas no avanço das teorias e dos pontos de vista que as governam.
A COMUNIDADE BRASILEIRA EM PESCARA: UM ESPAÇO DISCURSIVO HETEROTÓPICO
Authors: Holanda Janete Abreu
Published: November 2022

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Editorial
Authors: Luterman Luana Alves , Ignácio Ewerton De Freitas
Published: November 2022

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Deciphering Myanmar's Ethnic Landscape: A Brief Historical and Ethnic Description of Myanmar's Administrative Units
Authors: Jap Jangai , Courtin Constant
Published: November 2022

This Report provides a study of the ethnic composition of Myanmar’s subnational units together with an analysis of the historical evolution of the administrative units that existed under the 2008 Constitution. Relying on the 2019 GAD Township reports, the study addresses the limitation of Myanmar’s ethnic data while discussing its use for understanding Myanmar’s complex ethnic make-up. It describes the ethnic distribution of each subnational unit and emphasizes the complex ethnic make-up of Myanmar society—highlighting Myanmar’s ethnic diversity down to the township level. In parallel, the Report analyses the evolution of Myanmar’s administrative boundaries and highlights the possibility of imagining Myanmar’s federal units beyond the status quo. This Report provides democratically legitimate political actors in Myanmar, as well as the international community that supports Myanmar’s federal democracy, with a finer understanding of how Myanmar’s diversity is distributed within each subnational unit.
ثنائیة المكان في روایة "یومیات هر" لإمیلي نصر الله
Authors: Farid Zahra
Published: November 2022

إن عنصر المكان وتوظیفه في داخل بنیة الروایة یعد من أهم العناصر والتقنیات في الأدب الروائي المعاصر ولا سيما في الروایات التي تعنی بموضوع الحرب؛ ذلك أن الحروب تنشب غالبا لأجل السیطرة علی أراضي الخصم، فالروایات التي تلقي الضوء علی الحرب وآثارها من الدمار والقتل والهجرة كلها تتركز علی عنصر المكان كمكون أساسي بارز. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معالجة موضوع المكان وثنائیاته في روایة یومیات هر لإمیلی نصر الله) 1931-2018) -كاتبة المرأة والحرب والهجرة- التي تنظر إلى الحرب وآثارها في هذه الروایة من وجهة نظر مختلفة تماما وذلك إنها تحكی قصة القطط الشاردة ومصیرها أثناء الحرب وعلاقاتها بالناس ولا سيما الأولاد، علی لسان راو خاص وهو قط اسمه "زیكو". من أهم النتائج التي توصلنا إليها في هذه الدراسة هو أن الأمكنة الواقعیة في هذه الروایة تتوزع بین الداخل والخارج حسب الإحساس الذي یتبادر إلى الشخصیات الساكنة فيها. فالأمكنة المنفتحة لا تعد مصدرا دائما للسعادة، ویمكن أن تتبادل الأمكنة الأدوار فيما بینها معتمدة علی شعور سكانها تجاه المكان. لقد جرى توظیف المكان في الروایة وعلاقته بالشخصیات، لتمثیل الخسائر المادیة والروحیة التي لحقت به وبقاطنیه، وكذلك لبیان العلاقات الإنسانیة ضمن الكوارث التي كان یمرّ بها الناس من المقاتلین والسكان العادیین وكذلك الحیوانات الشاردة في خضم الحرب الأهلیة اللبنانیة.
The Feminist Metaphorics of Herland in Charlotte Perkins Gilman's Poetry
Authors: Mahdi Amer Rasool
Published: November 2022

قدمت شارلوت بيركنز كيلمان، بوصفها من اوائل المتصدين للكتابة والشأن النسويين في بواكير الحداثة ، نتاجا يشي بغزارة الاستعارة النسوية التي تنهل من البيئة النسوية حينذاك، وكذلك ترتكز على الموروثين الدارويني والماركسي. يتم التطرق ههنا لاستعاراتها النسوية بوصفها متجذرة في النزعة الطوباوية كما تتمثل في عملها السردي (ارض النساء). فعلى الرغم من ان هذا العمل متأصل في الطروحات الاقتصادية والبايلوجية وتمثلها الطوباوي في الفكر والادب فأنه يميل الى كسر الاطر الفكرية والمحددات الاجناسية فيما يخص تمثيل التجربة النسوية في عالم الرجل وآدابه. الا ان شعر كيلمان، من جانب آخر، يستمد دفقه وشروطه من آليات الكتابة النسوية التي اصبحت سمة غالبة للنتاج النسوي وحتى المتأخر منه وذلك من خلال امتلاكه الواعز القوي للتضاد وهاجس التغيير.
رواية امرأة الغائب
Authors: Kamel Ishraq
Published: November 2022

يعد الاتجاه السيميائي من الاتجاهات النقدية الحديثة المهمة الذي أخذ مجالا واسعا من عناية النقاد والقراء على السواء ولاسيما بعد الانتشار الذي رافقه بعد شيوع أعمال الناقد غريماس وصلاحياتها للتطبيق على النصوص الأدبية وغير الأدبية مما وسع من دائرة العناية به, ومن هنا كان اختيارنا رواية(امرأة الغائب) للروائي العراقي(مهدي عيسى الصقر) لتكون أنموذجا تطبيقيا للدراسة التي اخترنا المنهج السيميائي ليكون الأداة الناقدة لها عبر الاستعانة بالآليات الإجرائية لـ(مدرسة باريس السيميائية), والآراء النقدية لمؤسسها الناقد غريماس.

جاء البحث في مقدمة وتمهيد قدمنا فيه تصورا عن الاتجاه السيميائي وأثره في النقد وما له وما عليه رغبة منا بتوضيح بعض مسائله مثل اختلاف النقاد حول ظهوره وتعريفه وغيرها, ثمّ قسمنا الدراسة على ثلاثة مباحث, جاء المبحث الأول بعنوان(المستوى الخطابي), وجاء الثاني ليدرس(المستوى السردي), وخصص الثالث لدراسة(المستوى العميق), ثم ختمنا الدراسة بخاتمة عرضنا بها أهم النتائج التي خرج بها البحث , تلتها قائمة بمصادر ومراجع الدراسة.
ظاهرة التناوب في حروف الجر والعطف من منظور أسلوبي
Authors: Mohammad Zadeh Jawad , Abdi Saladin
Published: November 2022

كثيراً ما نری أنّ القرآن الكريم يستخدم إمكانات اللغة بشكل مضاد لما هو معتاد في الاستعمال المألوف ، فتنشأ بين الألفاظ علاقات غير مألوفة، تسهم هي الأخرى في جذب المتلقي وإثارة انتباهه، وكما هو معلوم، إنَّ للانزياح أنماطاً متعددةً درسنا في هذا البحث نمطاً كثر وروده في النص القرآني ألا وهو ظاهرة التناوب. إنّ التناوب هو إحلال كلمة (اسم، وفعل، وحرف) محل غيرها مما يناظرها؛ لكننا اخترنا في بحثنا هذا ظاهرة التناوب بين الحروف الجارة والعاطفة وناقشنا فكرة نيابة حرف جر عن آخر في الاستعمال القرآني، أو وضع حرف عطف مكان آخر؛ قصداً لمعنى معين أو دلالة خاصة؛ إذ إن كل عدول من مبنى إلى مبنى آخر يؤدي حتماً إلى العدول عن معنى إلى معنىً آخر. يهدف هذا البحث دراسة ظاهرة التناوب بين الحروف وبيان أحوالها في التراكيب النحوية وبيان المعنی الأصلي لكل حرف منها، والمعاني التي ورد بها، وتبيّن أنّ التناوب في حرف الباء الجارة هو أكثر انتشاراً في هاتين السورتين ويليها حرف اللام الجارّة  بشکل إنّ تواتر ورودهما في النص القرآني أعطاه ملمحاً أسلوبياً. أمّا في الدراسة حول ظاهرة التناوب بين حروف العطف فتبيّن لنا أنّ حرفي الواو وثم كثر التناوب فيهما، فقد تؤدّي الحروف في النص القرآني أكثر من معنی وذلك يرجع إلی السياق الذي ترد فيه، واتبعنا في هذا البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، فعرضنا آراء النحاة والمفسرين في معاني كل حرف من حروف العطف والجر مع الأدلة التي استدلوا بها.
أثر تمرد علي باشا جنبلاط في هجرة الجنبلاطيين إلى جبل لبنان
Authors: Saleh Saeed Mahmood
Published: November 2022

في هذا البحث، محاولة لتسليط الضوء على الأسباب والدوافع التي أدت إلى هجرة ال جنبلاط إلى لبنان، والتي لم تكن الوحيدة التي هاجرت من حلب إلى جبل لبنان فقد تبعتها أسر أخرى تدين بالولاء لعائلة جنبلاط . أضحى للعائلة الجنبلاطية تأثير سياسي واقتصادي واجتماعي كبير في حلب قبل الهجرة. سيوضح البحث كيف تمرد زعيمهم الأمير علي باشا جنبلاط على الدولة العثمانية وحاول التحالف مع فلورنسا وبمشاركة أمير جبل لبنان، الأمير فخر الدين الثاني، وكيف نجح في الاستحواذ على مساحات واسعة من بلاد الشام ومن ثم نهايتها إلى المنفى، هاجرت عائلة جنبلاط وحلفاؤها إلى لبنان، فجدوا ملاذاً آمناً لإنقاذهم من الإذلال الذي أصابهم نتيجة لتمردهم على أمير.
المقتضيات الاقتصادية لمعسكرات الاعتقال النازية
Authors: Alsultani Hyder Shakir O.
Published: November 2022

تسعى هذه المحاولة البحثية إلى إعادة تقييم للرواية الرسمية والنموذج التفسيري الذي انتجته محاكمات نورمبيرغ بشان الابادة النازية لليهود، والتحقق من مديات المطابقة بين هذه الادعاءات وبين الواقع التاريخي الفعلي للسياسات النازية ازاءهم، عن طريق تقديم قراءة لوظيفة معسكرات الاعتقال وعلاقتها ببرنامج " الابادة " المفترض والذي أطلق عليه " الحل النهائي، في سنوات الحرب العالمية الثانية. قسم البحث إلى ثلاث موضوعات الأول " مقدمات التوظيف الاقتصادي لمعسكرات الاعتقال " أما الثاني فقد كرس لبحث وظيفة المعسكرات في ضوء برنامج العمل القسري " معسكرات العمل القسري في ضوء متطلبات النظام النازي الاقتصادية 1939-1941". في حين ناقش الثالث إشكالية اقتران المعسكرات بالإبادة لذا جاء بعنوان " معسكرات " الابادة " اشكالية التوصيف والوظيفة المفترضة".
الجهود السياسية والعلمية للإمام سحنون وابن الفرات في عهد دولة الأغالبة (184-296هـ)
Authors: Ghan Uraibi Sundos
Published: November 2022

كان قيام دولة الأغالبة من (184-296هـ/800-908م) قد أرتبط ارتباطاً وثيقاً بما كان يسود البلاد من اضطراب وفوضى وصراع مذهبي وثورات الجند العرب والبربر، إلا أن بجهود امراء الأغالبة الذين تمكنوا من إنشاء قوة عسكرية كبيرة من البربر المستعربة الذين عملوا على تجنيد عسكريين في الجيش الاغلبي مكن الأغالبة من نشر الأمن والاستقرار في المغرب الأدنى (تونس) حتى شهدت الحركة العلمية ازدهاراً كبيراً منذ كانت عاصمة دولتهم القيروان، قطباً ثقافياً مشعاً برز فيه اعلام لهم مكانتهم العلمية والسياسية، وعلى رأسهم قاضي القيروان وفاتح صقلية أسد بن الفرات الذي جمع بين العلم والقضاء والجهاد، في سبيل الله والامام سحنون بن سعيد الذي كان من اشهر فقهاء المالكية في المغرب الاسلامي
تأثير ذبذبة شمالي الاطلسي (NAO) في خصائص أنماط الأمواج المؤثرة في مناخ العراق
Authors: Ahmed Juad Bushra
Published: November 2022

ذبذبة شمالي الأطلسي (NAO) ظاهرة مناخية مهمة، تكون ظاهرة الـ (NAO) ذات طور موجب (قيم ضغطية موجبة)، وتصبح ذات طور سالب (قيم ضغطية سالبة) ،وتوصل البحث إلى أن الذبذبة بطوريها السالب و الموجب لم تؤثر في تكرار الأخاديد و الانبعاجات وعدد أيام بقائها واتجاه محاورها، إذ لم يظهر اتجاه معين في تكرار خصائص الأمواج سواء كان للطور السالب أم الموجب. لكن ظهر تباين في المجموع الموسمي للأخاديد والانبعاجات  إذ تفوقت في التكرار خلال المواسم السالبة، أما الأمواج الطويلة ومنظومة أخدود + انبعاج فكانت تكراراتهم متقاربة بين المواسم السالبة والموجبة. أما عدد أيام البقاء فالأخاديد كانت أكثر خلال المواسم الموجبة والانبعاجات خلال المواسم السالبة.

أما اتجاه محور الأخاديد فالمحور الشمالي – الجنوبي, والمحور الشمالي – الشرقي سجلت تكرار أعلى في المواسم الموجبة، والمحور الشمالي – الغربي سجل تكرارا موسميا أعلى خلال المواسم السالبة, واتجاه محور الانبعاج فكانت جميع اتجاهات المحاور أكثر تكرارا في المواسم السالبة واقلها تكرارا في المواسم الموجبة.
Developing the Writing Skill of the University of Technology' Students by using Clustering Technique
Authors: Abed Ban Kadhim
Published: November 2022

تعد الصعوبات في الكتابة هي واحدة من أهم المشاكل التي لها تأثير على المتحدثين باللغة الإنجليزية . تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تطويرمهارات الكتابة باستخدام طريقة التجميع لطلاب الجامعة التكنولوجية ، ثم إجراء مقارنة بين أداء الطلاب في الكتابة في اختبار اولي واختبار بعدي . تم إجراء اختبار قبلي للطلاب لمعرفة مستواهم في كتابة المقال ، ثم تم اعطاء كورس عن الكتابة باستخدام طريقة التجميع للطلاب بعدها تم اختبارهم اختبار بعدي. تهدف الدراسة إلى إظهارتأثيراعطاء كورس تدريبي باستخدام طريقة التجميع  في أداء الطلاب في الكتابة. لذا أظهرت النتائج أن هناك تطورًا كبيرًا في أداء الطلاب في الكتابة بعد تلقيهم للكورس التدريبي.
Unpublished Economic Texts From the Old Babylonian Period
Authors: Hussain Shaimaa Nassir
Published: November 2022

تعد النصوص المسمارية واحدة من أهم المصادر التي أدت دورا بارزا في التعرف على الأحوال السياسية والاقتصادية والدينية وكل ما يتعلق بتاريخ بلاد الرافدين لما تحتويه من معلومات غزيرة تغني معرفتنا بكل جوانب حضـارة بلاد الرافدين وذلك منذ استخدام الكتابة وسيلة لتدوين العلوم والمعــــارف الإنسانية.
Anti-inflammatory effect of Phytomarine R-L compound against lipopolysaccharide- induced pulmonary injury in BALB/c mice
Authors: Gopi Janani , Marotta Francesco , Sriramulu Sushmitha , Banerjee Antara , Kanna N.R. Rajesh , Palani Vignesh , Ayala Antonio , He Fang , Vijayashree R , Pathak Surajit
Published: November 2022

Background: This study deals with the induction of lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in animal model and treating this condition using phytomarine R-L compound (Bloomin’Age, Science of Living, Milan Italy) that is known to possess the anti-inflammatory properties and eventually determine their characteristics through the in-vivo experimentation.Objective of the study:The present study was subjected to test the therapeutic anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidative and regenerative property of this phytomarine (SBF-LF) in an LPS-induced lung injury in mice models.   Methods:Mice received an intra-nasal administration of LPS at a concentration of 1 mg/ml weekly per day in a week for four consecutive weeks followed by the oral administration of R-L compound at a concentration of 50 mg/kg body weight intermittently. Broncho-alveolar lavage fluids (BALF) as well as the lung tissues were periodically collected from the control and experimental groups for histological examination. Likewise, the lung tissue homogenate obtained from induction and treatment groups was assayed for myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and elastase assay. Results: The results illustrated that LPS- induced mice group demonstrated an increased inflammatory cell infiltration causing an acute and persisting neutrophilic accumulation in the lung parenchyma with alveolar congestion. Furthermore, the influx of macrophages, lymphocytes as well as inflammatory mediators was observed during the BALF analysis. The treatment with R-L compound resulted in a significant decline in the permeation of inflammatory cells as observed by lung histology and BALF analysis. Conclusion: Thus, the exploitation of R-L compound with the experimental groups along with other assay methods confirmed its robust anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and suggested epithelial regenerative capacity. Further analyzing the efficacy of the R-L compound might help understanding its potential as a therapeutic option in clinical settings.Keywords:Lungs, BALB/c mice, Lipopolysaccharide, anti-inflammatory, R-L compound
Living with Dementia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Survey Informing the American Experience
Authors: Arthur Paul , Li Chih-Ying ,   The Southern Indiana Dementia Workgroup
Published: November 2022

Persons living with dementia and their caregivers are among society’s most vulnerable, a condition exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This national survey was conducted with dementia caregivers in the US. Primary outcomes targeted pandemic-related changes in cognitive, behavioral, and motors systems. 113 dementia caregivers from 30 US states completed the survey. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on persons living with dementia and their caregivers is substantial in comparison to society at large. A marked public health and preventative role signals opportunity for practitioners to fill the void and prepare for future public health emergencies.
Repositioning Gender: Past, Present and Future+
Authors: Maguire Rowena , Carter George , Mangubhai Sangeeta , Lewis Bridget , Harris Rimmer Susan
Published: November 2022

Climate change is accelerating gender inequality, as climate extremes amplify inequalities, vulnerabilities, negative gender norms, with Gender-Based Violence (GBV) rates increase during times of disaster. Yet the gendered experiences of climate change have to date been inadequately factored into climate law and policy-making, with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) traditionally limiting its focus to ‘gender balance’ in representation within the regime. This article explores mainstreaming gender considerations within the UNFCCC by reflecting upon where we have come from, where we are now, and where we are going with respect with gender. While there was very little progress in the early days of the UNFCCC, this article shows that from 2001 to the present there have been a series of small gains, which this article will explain and critique. Much remains to be done, however, for gender within the UNFCCC. In recommending future actions, it draws particularly on lessons from the Pacific and Australian experiences.