bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Sachvortragsverwertungsverbote" in arbeitsgerichtlichen Urteilsverfahren?
Authors: Hübenthal Christine
Published: March 2019

The work focuses on factual knowledge gained in violation of personal rights or provisions of the DSGVO and the BDSG which a party introduces into the proceedings. If these remain undisputed, the labour courts are generally bound by them - no evidence may be taken of undisputed facts. Consequently, the BAG initially rejected the recognition of "prohibitions on the use of the factual evidence" for undisputed facts brought forward. The about-face occurred in 2013, when it openly affirmed the recognition of "prohibitions on the use of the factual evidence" for undisputed factual submissions. The resulting tension between conflicting fundamental rights, such as the right to a fair hearing or the right to a fair trial, is pointed out. An investigation of alternatives to dealing with illegally obtained lecture introduced into the proceedings follows. The work is rounded off by a presentation of the consequences for the actors involved in the proceedings.
Human Papillomavirus–Related Carcinoma With Adenoid Cystic–like Features of the Sinonasal Tract (Also Known as Human Papillomavirus–Related Multiphenotypic Sinonasal Carcinoma)
Authors: Chen Chia-Chi , Yang Sheau-Fang
Published: March 2019

Human papillomavirus (HPV)–related carcinoma with adenoid cystic–like features is a rare, recently recognized entity restricted to the sinonasal tract. By definition, it is associated with high-risk HPV infection, particularly with HPV type 33. In most cases, tumors are composed of dual cell populations, including predominant basaloid myoepithelial cells and usually inconspicuous ductal cells. Solid components with focal cribriform or tubular patterns, abrupt keratinization within tumor nests, and squamous dysplasia of the surface epithelium are characteristics of HPV-related carcinoma with adenoid cystic–like features. The immunohistochemistry of p16 followed by high-risk HPV testing may help in the differential diagnosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that the morphologic features of this entity are more diverse than initially believed. Surgical resection is the prime alternative for treatment. According to the limited data, the prognosis of this disease may be better than that of other sinonasal carcinomas.
Resenha do livro "Todo dia a mesma noite: a história não contada da boate Kiss"
Authors: Machado Felipe Viero Kolinski
Published: March 2019

Resenha do livro "Todo dia a mesma noite: a história não contada da boate Kiss"
Informação e sensacionalismo no jornalismo de revista: análise da cobertura da tragédia da boate Kiss
Authors: Mendes Cláudia De Oliveira , Fonseca Luciana Amormino
Published: March 2019

Neste artigo, propõe-se compreender os limites entre informação e sensacionalismo na apuração jornalística de um acontecimento, a partir da cobertura do incêndio ocorrido na boate Kiss (Santa Maria, RS), pelas revistas IstoÉ e Veja, em suas edições especiais de 06 de fevereiro de 2013. Após análise, pôde-se observar que o conceito de jornalismo com informação e sensacionalismo foi praticado pelas revistas analisadas no período supracitado.Palavras-chave: Jornalismo; Revista; Notícia; Sensacionalismo
Responsabilidade Social Corporativa: Uma perspectiva de alunos de extensão na Associação de Familiares de Vítimas e Sobreviventes da Tragédia de Santa Maria
Authors: Dalmolin Felipe Foletto , Alves Juliani Karsten , Deves Leonardo Reisdorfer , Sanfelice Camila , Madruga Sérgio Rossi
Published: March 2019

Este estudo objetiva relatar a atuação dos alunos de extensão participantes do Programa de Extensão intitulado “Assessoria de Formação e Controles Internos para a Associação de Familiares de Vítimas e Sobreviventes da Tragédia de Santa Maria” e do Projeto de Extensão intitulado “Assessoria Contábil para a Associação de Familiares de Vítimas e Sobreviventes da Tragédia de Santa Maria”, vinculados ao Departamento de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM).
O pássaro e as estrelas: para emancipar a imaginação sobre a justiça
Authors: Budó Marília De Nardin , Pereira Ana Paula Frighetto , Curvello Isabel Foletto , Netto Leticia Blank , Santos Mateus Rech Graciano dos , Moraes Mical Alexia Abrantes , Mello Pablo Domingues de , Silva Priscilla , Melchiors Rafaela Bogado , Gomes Thais Bonato , Vizzotto Yngrid Algarve
Published: March 2019

Neste trabalho, buscamos enfrentar o tema da insuficiência do sistema de justiça criminal para lidar com tragédias como a da boate Kiss. Analisamos a limitação da categoria “crime”; a operacionalidade real do sistema penal; a invisibilização das vítimas. Destacamos a necessidade de a justiça que mira o futuro passar pela memória e pela verdade sobre o passado, através da centralidade do diálogo, a partir da escuta das necessidades das vítimas.
A pluriatividade como fator de geração de renda para a Agricultura Familiar de Córrego Primavera, Rio Bananal, Espírito Santo, Brasil
Authors: Fernandes Rôner De Souza , Silva Alessandra Maria da , Falcão Rayane Pagung
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a pluriatividade como atividade geradora de renda na agricultura familiar da Comunidade Córrego Primavera, município de Rio Bananal, norte do estado do Espirito Santo. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo adotando-se uma abordagem qualitativa com entrevista semiestruturada para 19 famílias pluriativas residentes na Comunidade Córrego Primavera, durante os meses de julho a outubro de 2016. Os resultados das entrevistas foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. As principais atividades não agrícolas observadas entre as famílias estudadas se enquadram como intersetoriais, sendo a de serviços a mais frequente. Observou-se que os principais fatores motivadores da pluriatividade apontados pelas famílias estudadas foram a necessidade de geração de renda extra e de ocupação da mão de obra ociosa. As famílias demonstraram não ter conhecimentos administrativos e de custo de produção das atividades desenvolvidas. Concluiu-se que a pluriatividade é um fator importante para a estratégia de reprodução econômica das famílias rurais e que há a necessidade de conscientização de seus membros para a eficiência na gestão de recursos humanos e materiais.
La traducción italiana de "La mujer moderna y sus derechos"
Authors: Carpi Elena
Published: March 2019

La traducción de La Mujer moderna nace de la voluntad de dar a conocer la obra de una importante autora feminista casi completamente desconocida en Italia. El presente trabajo muestra los criterios adoptados para respetar el discurso y el cuidado terminológico de Carmen de Burgos, y al mismo tiempo, ofrecer una traducción aceptable, criterios que proceden de un imprescindible análisis textual preliminar, cuantitativo y cualitativo, que se describe en el artículo.
Carmen de Burgos y la cultura portuguesa
Authors: Dolce Alessandra
Published: March 2019

Este estudio tiene como objetivo intentar delinear las relaciones de la escritora española Carmen de Burgos con la cultura portuguesa y con el mundo lusofóno en general, Brasil en particular. A través de sus escritos y los testigos de su época, esta investigación ha intentado esclarecer por qué no hay ninguna obra escrita por ella y por qué no hay muchos estudios por parte portuguesa y brasileña. En ese intento, ha sido muy importante la contribución del exdirector y de la bibliotecaria del Instituto Cervantes de Recife en Pernambuco.
Carmen de Burgos, una filóloga “après la lettre” ante el romanticismo
Authors: Palomo María Del Pilar
Published: March 2019

En este trabajo se pretende destacar en particular la labor “filológica” de la escritora y periodista Carmen de Burgos, pues no es una filóloga al uso sino “après la lettre”. Coetánea de los grandes representantes de la escuela filológica española tales como Menéndez Pelayo, Bonilla San Martín, Cotarelo o Menéndez Pidal, utilizaría para estudiar, traducir y publicar a Leopardi y a Larra su curiosidad sin límites, su entusiasmo apasionado, su amor a la literatura, empleando todos los recursos de su cultura, autodidacta, pero profunda. Consultaba una numerosa bibliografía, lecturas y epistolarios, aún sin criterio de fijación textual. Consideramos que ésa fue su apasionada intención y, por tanto, que la intención está cumplida.
Yves Leclair: un novel accès au lyrisme à travers le quotidien
Authors: Fernández Erquicia Irati
Published: March 2019

Yves Leclair est un poète français contemporain qui fait partie d’une nouvelle lignée poétique qui semble vouloir réinterpréter certaines valeurs lyriques dans le contexte contemporain, en contact avec des démarches comme le « Nouveau lyrisme » et le « Lyrisme critique ». Ces poètes semblent porter un regard particulièrement attentif sur le quotidien, qui devient une nouvelle voie d’exploration lyrique. C’est ce que nous remarquons dans l’œuvre d’Yves Leclair, dont la principale particularité est une forte présence de la contemplation, qui semble jouer un rôle capital dans l’exploration du quotidien en tant que voie d’accès à des valeurs lyriques de la poésie.
Paulus er ikke død – han lugter bare grimt: Den aksiale værdiomkalfatrings betydning for tidlig Kristusreligion
Authors: Petersen Anders Klostergaard
Published: March 2019

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Through a discussion of Dostoevsky’s depiction of the death of the staret in Brothers Karamazov, I discuss the olfactory channel of communication in religion with the aim in mind to tease apart the underlying ontology pertaining to different forms of religion. The focus is on impurity related to putrefaction in death. Contrary to the understanding represented by the ironic voice of the narrator in Brothers Karamazov, I explore the view holding the saintly person to undergo an olfactory transformation in death changing into a pleasurable aroma and thereby becoming an indexical token of celestial life. From Brothers Karamazov, I proceed to examine notions of divine presence and olfactory tokens in ancient Graeco-Roman culture. I use it as a historical foil to analyse Paul’s total inversion of the motif in 2 Cor 2, 14-17 and 4, 7-12 in which he portrays himself and his Christ-message as an indexical putrefaction of Christ. Thus, the title of my essay: “Paul isn’t dead, he just smells funny.” Finally, I discuss the extent to which such an understanding is encompassed by Philippe Descola’s notion of analogistic ontology.

DANSK RESUMÉ: Jeg fokuserer i artiklen på en form for urenhed, som er knyttet til væmmelsen ved ligstank. I første omgang ser jeg på staretsens død i Brødrene Karamasov. Ad den vej bevæger jeg mig tilbage til græsk-romersk antik og drøfter sammenhængen mellem forestillingen om guddommeligt nærvær og velduft. Diametralt modsat denne opfattelse er Paulus’ skildring af sig selv og sit budskab som en omvandrende ligstank. Det er den aksiale spænding for fuld udluftning. Endelig diskuterer jeg i hvilket omfang, en sådan opfattelse og billedbrug lader sig rumme inden for Philippe Descolas tanke om analogismen som en af fire fundamentalontologier.
Religionshistorie på lyst og fromme eller hvad?: En review-artikel af Mikael Rothstein, Den kristne krop.
Authors: Petersen Anders Klostergaard
Published: March 2019

Religionshistorie på lyst og fromme eller hvad? – en review-artikel af Mikael Rothstein, Den kristne krop. Fem essays om kød, blod, hud og hår, UPress 2018
Anmeldelse af Allan Poulsen, Religion. Kort og godt
Authors: Petersen Anders Klostergaard
Published: March 2019

Anmeldelse af Allan Poulsen, Religion. Kort og godt, København: Forlaget Columbus 2018
Anmeldelse af Turner, Maryanski, Petersen & Geertz, The Emergence and Evolution of Religion: By Means of Natural Selection
Authors: Svensson Jonas
Published: March 2019

Anmeldelse af Jonathan H. Turner, Alexandra Maryanski, Anders Klostergaard Petersen & Armin W. Geertz, The Emergence and Evolution of Religion: By Means of Natural Selection, Routledge 2018, 285 s.
Circular synthesized CRISPR/Cas gRNAs for functional interrogations in the coding and noncoding genome
Authors: Wegner Martin , Diehl Valentina , Bittl Verena , de Bruyn Rahel , Wiechmann Svenja , Matthess Yves , Hebel Marie , Hayes Michael GB , Schaubeck Simone , Benner Christopher , Heinz Sven , Bremm Anja , Dikic Ivan , Ernst Andreas , Kaulich Manuel
Published: March 2019

Current technologies used to generate CRISPR/Cas gene perturbation reagents are labor intense and require multiple ligation and cloning steps. Furthermore, increasing gRNA sequence diversity negatively affects gRNA distribution, leading to libraries of heterogeneous quality. Here, we present a rapid and cloning-free mutagenesis technology that can efficiently generate covalently-closed-circular-synthesized (3Cs) CRISPR/Cas gRNA reagents and that uncouples sequence diversity from sequence distribution. We demonstrate the fidelity and performance of 3Cs reagents by tailored targeting of all human deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) and identify their essentiality for cell fitness. To explore high-content screening, we aimed to generate the largest up-to-date gRNA library that can be used to interrogate the coding and noncoding human genome and simultaneously to identify genes, predicted promoter flanking regions, transcription factors and CTCF binding sites that are linked to doxorubicin resistance. Our 3Cs technology enables fast and robust generation of bias-free gene perturbation libraries with yet unmatched diversities and should be considered an alternative to established technologies.
Data science for the scientific life cycle
Authors: Ezer Daphne , Whitaker Kirstie
Published: March 2019

Data science can be incorporated into every stage of a scientific study. Here we describe how data science can be used to generate hypotheses, to design experiments, to perform experiments, and to analyse data. We also present our vision for how data science techniques will be an integral part of the laboratory of the future.
Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for precise fatty acid profiling of oilseed crops
Authors: Chernova Alina , Mazin Pavel , Goryunova Svetlana , Goryunov Denis , Demurin Yakov , Gorlova Lyudmila , Vanyushkina Anna , Mair Waltraud , Anikanov Nikolai , Yushina Ekaterina , Pavlova Anna , Martynova Elena , Garkusha Sergei , Mukhina Zhanna , Savenko Elena , Khaitovich Philipp
Published: March 2019

Oilseed crops are one of the most important sources of vegetable oils for food and industry. Nutritional and technical properties of vegetable oil are primarily determined by its fatty acid (FA) composition. The content and composition of FAs in plants are commonly determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GS-MS) or gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) techniques. In the present work, we applied ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) technique to FA profiling of sunflower and rapeseed seeds and compared this method with the GC-FID technique. GC-FID detected 11 FAs in sunflower and 13 FAs in rapeseed, while UPLC-MS appeared to be more sensitive, detecting about 2.5 times higher numbers of FAs in both plants. In addition to even-chain FAs, UPLC-MS was able to detect odd-chain FAs. The longest FA detected using GC-FID was an FA with 24 carbon atoms, whereas UPLC-MS could reveal the presence of longer FAs with the tails of up to 28 carbon atoms. Based on our results, we may conclude that UPLC-MS has great potential to be used for the assessment of FA profiles of oil crops.
Agrobacterium rhizogenes—mediated transformation ofPisum sativumL. roots as a tool for studying the mycorrhizal and root nodule symbioses
Authors: Leppyanen Irina V. , Kirienko Anna N. , Dolgikh Elena A.
Published: March 2019

In this study, we demonstrated the successful transformation of two pea (Pisum sativumL.) cultivars usingAgrobacterium rhizogenes, whereby transgenic roots in the resulting composite plants showed expression of the gene encoding the green fluorescent protein. Subsequent to infection withA. rhizogenes, approximately 70%–80% of pea seedlings developed transgenic hairy roots. We found out that the transgenic roots can be efficiently nodulated byRhizobium leguminosarumbv.viciaeand infected by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungusRhizophagus irregularis. The morphology of nodules in the transgenic roots was found to be identical to that of nodules observed in wild-type roots, and we also observed the effective induction of markers typical of the symbiotic association with AM fungi. The convenient protocol for highly efficientA. rhizogenes-mediated transformation developed in this study would be a rapid and effective tool for investigating those genes involved in the development of the two types of symbioses found in pea plants.
Earliest “Great Wall”?
Authors: Pines Yuri
Published: March 2019

This article explores textual, paleographic, and archeological evidence for the “Long Wall” of Qi, arguably one of the earliest long walls erected on Chinese soil. It analyzes the possible dates of the Wall’s constructions, its route, its defensive role, and its relation to military, political, economic, and administrative developments of the Warring States period (453–221 BCE). I argue that the Long Wall played a significant role in Qi’s military strategy in the fifth and fourth centuries BCE, bolstering its defensive capabilities. In the long term, however, the Wall might have inadvertently hindered Qi’s southward expansion, placing it in a disadvantageous position versus its rivals.
Written in Wax
Authors: Witkam Jan Just
Published: March 2019

Islamic law employs a classification of acts that divides each into one of five categories (al-aḥkām al-khamsa), ranging from forbidden to obligatory. When the phonograph became a popular instrument at the end of the nineteenth century, the use of this new machine, which reproduced both the Quran being recited and the song of an unknown woman, had to be categorized. The present article presents the edition for the first time, with translation and analysis, of a fatwa on the permissibility of the phonograph, issued in 1908 by the Meccan scholar ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad Ṣāliḥ al-Zawāwī (d. 1924). Fatwas on phonography by the Indonesian scholar Sayyid ʿUthmān (d. 1914) and the later shaykh al-Azhar Muḥammad Bakhīt al-Muṭīʿī (d. 1935) are also analyzed. Two European scholars who recorded Quranic phonography are paid attention as well: Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (d. 1936) and Gotthelf Bergsträsser (d. 1933). Their involvement with Quranic sound recording is placed within its historical context. Finally, a short impression is given of what survives of these early recordings.
Gawhar Shād Waqf Deed
Authors: Mahendrarajah Shivan
Published: March 2019

This article is about the 829/1426 charitable trust deed (waqfiyya) of the Gawhar Shād Mosque and its social and economic implications. The deed was for a public-private trust (waqf-i mushtarak): the private (waqf-i khāṣṣ) aspect advanced Gawhar Shād’s family interests, while the public (waqf-i khayrī) aspect promoted the commonweal (maṣlaḥa), being (1) income for the Shiʿi shrine-complex of Imām Riżā, the Gawhar Shād Mosque, and the Sunni shrine-complex of Aḥmad-i Jām; (2) funding for the maintenance of hydrological systems; (3) increasing agricultural production and employment; and (4) increasing revenues to the Timurid fisc. The Persian text, an annotated translation, and a map of certain endowed blocks are included.
Mesopotamian Double-Jar Burials and Incantation Bowls
Authors: Saar Ortal-Paz
Published: March 2019

The corpus of late antique Babylonian incantation bowls comprises a class of double-bowl sets, consisting of two bowls facing each other, fastened together with bitumen. Occasionally, such bowl sets have been found to contain inscribed egg shells or human bones. The double-bowl configuration is highly reminiscent of the double-jar burial practice attested in Mesopotamia from the second millennium to the sixth century BCE. The double-jar (or double-pot) burial involved placing the deceased between two wide-mouthed jars, occasionally joining them with bitumen at the rims. This article explores the double-bowl configuration and suggests a connection between double-jar burials and the later ritual artifacts of the Sasanian period. The double-bowl sets attached with bitumen may have originated on analogy to the ancient burial practice, intending symbolically to bury evil entities or human adversaries.
Ibn Taymiyya’s Theological Ethics. By Sophia Vasalou
Authors: Fadel Mohammed
Published: March 2019

Ibn Taymiyya’s Theological Ethics. By Sophia Vasalou. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. ix + 342. $74, £47.99.
Monastic Wanderers: Nāth Yogī Ascetics in Modern South Asia. By Véronique Bouillier
Authors: White David Gordon
Published: March 2019

Monastic Wanderers: Nāth Yogī Ascetics in Modern South Asia. By Véronique Bouillier. New Delhi: Manohar, 2017; London: Routledge, 2018. Pp. 351. Rs. 1395, £105.00; eBook £35.99.
Proverbs. An Eclectic Edition with Introduction and Textual Commentary. By Michael V. Fox
Authors: Snell Daniel C.
Published: March 2019

Proverbs. An Eclectic Edition with Introduction and Textual Commentary. By Michael V. Fox. The Hebrew Bible: A Critical Edition, vol. 1. Atlanta: SBL Press, 2015. Pp. xxii + 431, 42*. $69.95.
Distant Views of the Holy Land. By Felicity Cobbing and David M. Jacobson
Authors: Long Burke O.
Published: March 2019

Distant Views of the Holy Land. By Felicity Cobbing and David M. Jacobson. Bristol, CT: Equinox, 2015. Pp. vi + 321, illus. $200. [Distributed by ISD, Bristol, CT]
Pathways into the Study of Ancient Sciences: Selected Essays. By David Pingree. Edited by Isabelle Pingree and John M. Steele
Authors: Minkowski Christopher
Published: March 2019

Pathways into the Study of Ancient Sciences: Selected Essays. By David Pingree. Edited by Isabelle Pingree and John M. Steele. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, vol. 104, pt. 3. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society Press, 2014. Pp. xxii + 503.
Religion and Identity in South Asia and Beyond: Essays in Honor of Patrick Olivelle. Edited by Steven E. Lindquist
Authors: McHugh James
Published: March 2019

Religion and Identity in South Asia and Beyond: Essays in Honor of Patrick Olivelle. Edited by Steven E. Lindquist. Cultural, Historical and Textual Studies of South Asian Religions. London.: Anthem Press, 2011. Pp. 392.
Tales from Tang Dynasty China: Selections from the Taiping Guangji; and Record of the Listener: Selected Stories from Hong Mai’s Yijian zhi
Authors: Richter Antje
Published: March 2019

Tales from Tang Dynasty China: Selections from the Taiping Guangji. Edited by Alexei Kamran Ditter; Jessey Choo; and Sarah M. Allen. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Co., 2017. Pp. xiv + 162. $46 (cloth); $16 (paper).

Record of the Listener: Selected Stories from Hong Mai’s Yijian zhi. Translated by Cong Ellen Zhang. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Co., 2018. Pp. xliv + 116. $48 (cloth); $16 (paper).
Aḥmad al-Ghazālī, Remembrance, and the Metaphysics of Love. By Joseph E. B. Lumbard
Authors: Renard John
Published: March 2019

Aḥmad al-Ghazālī, Remembrance, and the Metaphysics of Love. By Joseph E. B. Lumbard. SUNY Series in Islam. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2016. Pp. x + 259. $80.
Comparative Economic Analysis of Soil Fertility Management on Cassava Based Intercropping Systems in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Uke P. C. , Ochiaka C. D. , Okechukwu G. C.
Published: March 2019

The study was carried out in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. The broad objective was to determine the comparative economic analysis of soil fertility management options on cassava based cropping/intercropping systems. Data were obtained from both primary and secondary sources, primarily data was obtained through questionnaire distributed to eighty (80) randomly sampled farmers from the study area. Economic analysis was carried out using statistical tools such as descriptive statistics which included frequency tables, percentages, means, pie charts, bar column chart etc. which was used to determine the cost and returns of both soil fertility management options. It was also necessary to test the hypothesis of the study which was tested using the Z-Test analysis due to the sample size. The result showed that higher profit was obtained from inorganic fertilizer by those farmers that made use of them in which they had a gross margin (profit) of N118, 400 when compared to those farmers that made use of organic fertilizer, having a gross margin of N60, 900. However, the result from the gross margin analysis as well as the hypothesis of the study shows that the farmers stand to gain more if they use either of the soil fertility management options on their farms. Also, considering the problem of scarcity and effect often associated with inorganic fertilizer, the choice of organic fertilizer is more likely to be accepted by the farmers. Possible recommendations were also made in the course of the study which includes, transformation of farming practices through technology that would stabilize yield and reduce unpredictable variations, farmers should be encouraged to use either of the soil fertility management options to increase their yield. Organic fertilizer should be made affordable to farmer and inorganic fertilizer should be made accessible.
Population Dynamics, Diversity and Distribution of Freshwater Snails in Zobe Dam, Dutsin-Ma, North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Auta Timothy , Alkali Emmanuel , Michael Elaigwu Audu
Published: March 2019

Freshwater snails are crucial in assessing the ecological status of water bodies beside their economic, public and veterinary health importance. Hence, ecological studies pertaining to their abundance, diversity and distribution become paramount. A total of 1664 freshwater snails were sampled in Zobe Dam and the physicochemical parameters of the water body were analyzed on a monthly basis from April to September 2017 following standard protocols. Among the 1664 snails collected, 788 (47.94%) were Lymnaea natalensis, 492 (29.93%) were Bulinus trophicus and 364 (26.14%) were Bulinus forskalii. The study revealed monthly and spatial variation in the population of snails. Diversity and distribution of snails in Zobe Dam was influenced by pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and turbidity. Coefficient of correlation (r) between snail species and the physicochemical parameters of water such as dissolved oxygen, turbidity and conductivity had a strong positive correlation with all the three species while pH was found to have a weak positive correlation with only Lymnaea natalensis. In conclusion, Lymnaea natalensis was the most abundant in population of snails inhabiting Zobe Dam and the population of snail varied with the physicochemical parameters of the water body.
Role of Occupational Stress and Organizational Stress towards Job Satisfaction: A Study Based on Banking Sector Employees in Sri Lanka
Authors: Siyambalapitiya P. , Sachitra V.
Published: March 2019

Aims: Occupational stress, organizational stress, common occurrences among various professions worldwide, is regarded as a major psychological problem for banking employees. The aims of the study were to identify the relationship between occupational stress and job satisfaction among employees in banking sector of Sri Lanka, to identify the relationship between organizational stress and job satisfaction among employees in banking sector of Sri Lanka and to ensure whether there any differences of the occupational stress, organizational stress and job satisfaction with respect to private and public banks, gender and working experience.

Methodology: A non-experimental correlational design was used in the study. A total of 200 banking employees from 6 banks completed the banking employees Stress Index, the Job Satisfaction Survey.

Results: Study findings demonstrated that there were significant positive relationships between organizational stress and job satisfaction and between occupational stress and job satisfaction there was no any significant relationship. There were significant differences in levels of job satisfaction, between male and female banking employees. Male banking employees reported higher levels of job satisfaction. Working experience wise and sector wise, there was not any significant level of differences among organizational stress and occupational stress.

Conclusion: Future research is needed to examine best practices for human resource managers to improve banking employee motivation and job satisfaction of banking employees.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in Rural Area of Goa: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gaude Nilam , Dessai Archana
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Access to water, sanitation and hygiene is a major challenge in developing nations and more among rural population. In India, Swachh Bharat Mission was launched with the objective to provide sanitation facilities and eliminate open defecation.

Objective: To assess the existing facilities and practices related to drinking water, sanitation and hygiene among household members in the rural population of Goa.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of Rural Health and Training Centre, Mandur, Goa. Individuals aged ≥ 18 years were interviewed from 100 households by house to house visits using semi-structured questionnaire.

Results: Out of 100 households, 87 (87.0%) were having piped water supply into dwelling, 5 (5.0%) were using public tap and 8 (8.0%) were using water from well. Majority of the households, i.e., 94 (94.0%) were using sanitary latrine for defecation, 1 (1.0%) had community toilet and 5 (5.0%) were practicing open field defecation. Closed container was used by 89(89.0%) of the households for storing drinking water and 96 (96.0%) were using soap and water for hand washing.

Conclusion: This study revealed that overall water and sanitation practices among the study population were satisfactory. However, measures need to be taken to abolish some of the bad practices such as open defecation and drainage of waste water in the open which was seen in few participants.
Active and Time Delay Controls on Vibrations of the Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) Resonator
Authors: Amer Y. A. , El-Sayed A. T. , Darwesh F. O.
Published: March 2019

In this paper, the active control and time delay control are applied on a nonlinear mechanical system subjected to external force to reduce the resulted vibration. The system is modeled by a unique nonlinear differential equation. The multiple scale perturbation technique (MSPT) was applied to obtain an approximate solution and showing the response equation. The stability of the system at primary resonance case is investigated using both of phase plane and frequency response equation. Numerical solution is obtained using Runge – Kutta forth order method.Also, MATLAB 14.0 and Maple 18.0 programs were used to study the numerical solution and the effect of the different parameters for the response of the nonlinear dynamic mechanical system.
Treatment of Diabetic Condition in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wister Rats Using Food Blends Such as Unripe Plantain, Soybean and Ginger
Authors: Iwanegbe I. , Suleiman M. , Jimah A.
Published: March 2019

Aims: To investigate the effect of food blends (plantain, soybean and ginger) on the blood glucose, lipid profile and haematological indices on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Methodology: A total of 35 rats of mean body weight 219.07 g separated into7 groups (5 per group) where induced by a single intraperitoneal (I.P) injection of streptozotocin (0.1 g dissolved in 5 ml of freshly prepared sodium citrate buffer 0.1 M, pH 4.5) at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight after fasting for 12 hours and fed with flours/blends. The flours were produced from plant materials for different treatments/blends (blend A=100% unripe plantain, B=80% unripe plantain, 14% soybean, 6% ginger, C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger, D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger, E= 50% unripe plantain, 50% soybean) and the phytochemicals and minerals content were determined. Blood glucose was determined at 5 days interval for 25 days. Diabetes was confirmed in rats with blood glucose concentrations >200 mg/dl. After 25 days rats were anaesthetized with chloroform vapour and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for haematology and lipid profile determination.

Results: The results showed that unripe plantain, soya beans and ginger in adequate proportion(C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger or D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger) could help to reduce blood glucose, improve haematological parameters and lipid profile. Significant reduction was observed in the blood glucose level of rats fed blends C and D from 286 to 85 mg/dl and 307 to 90 mg/dl respectively at the end of experiment. These results also demonstrated that the inclusion of ginger at 6% causes rise in blood glucose level. Total cholesterol (TC) increased in all the blends. However, the lowest concentration of TC was observed in blends C and D. The highest packed cell volume (60%) and Haemoglobin (20 g/dl) level observed in rats fed blend C was significantly higher than the normal control fed conventional feeds. The increase in packed cell volume (PCV) (50%) and Hb (17 g/dl) in diabetic rats demonstrated that the formulated blend C was able to raise PCV and Hb above 50% and 17 g/dl (Normal control NC) respectively. Significant increase (P<0.05) in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) was also observed in all the blends with blend C having the least (4.0 mg/dl) close to NC (2.0 mg/dl).

Conclusion: From the results it is evident that blend C will manage and improve the health status of diabetic patients.
Response of Nutritional and Phytochemical Constituents of Bitter Leaf to Some Drying Methods
Authors: Odukoya Johnson , Charles Uzoma , Odukoya Julianah
Published: March 2019

Aim: Food processing is one of the post-harvest factors that affect the quality of food products. This research was aimed at evaluating the impact of two drying methods (sun-drying and freeze-drying) on the nutritional and phytochemical contents of Vernonia amygdalina Del.

Study Design: Processed vegetables of V. amygdalina were subjected to the selected drying methods and the composition of the dried samples was thereafter compared.

Place and Duration of Study: The eight-month study was carried out at the Food Chemistry Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.

Methodology: Harvested fresh samples of V. amygdalina were first cleaned with distilled water prior to drying. The dried vegetable samples were then ground to powder and subjected to proximate analysis via the application of recommended methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Other nutritional and phytochemical analyses were achieved using standard methods. Independent-samples t-test was used to compare the difference in composition.

Results: The results showed that except for crude fibre content, there was a statistical significant difference (p < 0.05) in the proximate composition of the vegetable samples obtained from the two drying methods while the freeze-drying method favoured the concentration of most of the dietary minerals tested. The two drying methods were found to give a similar phytochemicals screening result with the sun-dried samples having a higher concentration of total phenols and total flavonoids. The freeze-dried samples, however, had higher vitamin A and C contents.

Conclusion: The research outcome revealed the suitability of the freeze-drying method for enhanced/improved drying action on vegetables and to have the optimum level of crude protein, major dietary minerals, vitamin A and C in the dried vegetables. Further work is needed to assess the impact of the selected drying methods on antinutrients composition.
Optimal Control Analysis of an Age-Structured Malaria Model Incorporating Children under Five Years and Pregnant Women
Authors: Azu-Tungmah George Theodore , Oduro Francis T. , Okyere Gabriel A.
Published: March 2019

In this article, we apply the optimal control theory to a new age-structured malaria model with three infectious compartments for people under five years, over five years and pregnant women. The model is formulated for malaria endemic areas in the world and the following malaria control strategies ITN, IRS, Chemoprophylaxis and Improved Clinical Treatment were examined and analysed on the mode. The Cost-effectiveness Analysis points out that more attention should be given Insecticide -Treated bed nets (ITNs) in order to eliminate the malaria disease globally because the female Anopheles mosquitoes need human blood to lay their eggs. The expression for the effective reproduction number  has been derived by using the next-generation method. The impact of the controls on the was studied and it came out that all the four controls have a positive impact such that the ITNs can reduce to zero as the value of ITNs approaches one. Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle was applied to analyse the optimal control model theoretically and the optimality system was solved numerically through an iterative scheme.

The optimal plots (Figs. 4-8) reveal that best control strategies for malaria elimination is the combination of ITN, Chemoprophylaxis and Improved Clinical Treatment. However, the Cost-effectiveness Analysis points out that ITN is economically best solution for fighting malaria in poor malaria endemic areas.
The Effect of Stress on Cardiovascular Parameters among University Students in Buea during and Out of Examination Periods
Authors: Bopda Orelien Sylvain Mtopi , Sumbele Irene Ngole , Nji Bih Andrine
Published: March 2019

Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the effect of examination stress on the cardiovascular parameters amongst undergraduate students of the University of Buea, out of examination period (OEP) and during examination period (DEP). 

Experimental Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of the Study: The study was carried out at the University of Buea (Cameroon). The field and laboratory work was carried out from January to June 2016 within which are two examination periods and two weeks of first semester break.

Methodology: A structured questionnaire was used to document student’s demographic information and number of hours slept. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured using automatic arm sphygmomanometer. Blood samples were collected for full blood count analysis using a haematology analyser. Stress was measured using Cohen Perceived stress scale (PSS) while salivary alpha amylase (sAA) concentrations were measured by ELISA. Data was collected and analysed from 772 (OEP=378 and DEP= 394) participants.  Mann-Witney U-test and students T- test were used for statistical analyses. The significance level was set at P<0.05.

Results: The prevalence of stress was 98.2% (387) DEP vs 97.4% (368) OEP (P=0.372) with PSS of   (23.41±4.88 vs. 22.31± 4.53, P=0.002). The sAA concentrations was higher DEP (24.659 ± 16.384) than OEP (18.789±5.865) (P< 0.001). Among the haemodynamic and haematological parameters, SBP and HR were significantly higher DEP than OEP. There was a positive correlation between HR and sAA within both periods. WBC%, Lym%, Mon%, and MCHC were significantly lower (P<0.05) while Gran%, Plt and Pct increased DEP than OEP (P<0.05) with respect to stress.

Conclusions: The prevalence of stress OEP vs DEP implies stress is an important problem in students. This is proven by the increase in PSS and sAA concentrations during examinations and can lead to impairment of cardiovascular parameters.
Effect of Liquid Digestate on Agricultural Soil – I: Growth Dynamics of Zea mays Plant
Authors: Stanley H. O. , Ogbonna C. B. , Abu G. O. , Ugboma C. J.
Published: March 2019

The study was designed to model the effect of liquid digestate on growth dynamics of Zea mays plant. Maize seeds were subjected to various concentrations of liquid digestate (between 0% and 72%) using One-Factor Response Design with a total of ten (10) runs in 10L-capacity plastic pots containing 10kg of loamy soil. One set of experimental runs were treated with one-time application of the corresponding digestate concentration (OTDA). Another set of experimental runs were treated with two-time application of the corresponding digestate concentration (TTDA). The first application of the liquid digestate (for OTDA and TTDA) was conducted two weeks after sowing while the second application (for TTDA alone) was conducted three weeks after the first application. The height of maize plant in all set-ups was monitored for a period of 70 days. After the 70-day period, the plants were harvested for biomass estimation. In the soil set-ups treated with OTDA, crop growth rate (1.077cm/day) and biomass yield (22.37g/kg of digestate) of Zea mays plant peaked with 48% digestate after 70 days. In the soil set-ups treated TTDA, crop growth rate (1.321cm/day) and biomass yield (29.95g/kg) of Zea mays plant peaked with 72% digestate after the same period. Optimum response generated for the crop growth rate of Zea mays plant was approximately 1.038 cm/day with a standard error of 0.014 for the OTDA treatment and 1.165cm/day and a standard error of 0.006 for the TTDA treatment at digestate concentration of 50% with a desirability of 0.928 respectively. Optimum response generated for biomass yield of the Zea mays plant was approximately 22.488 (g/kg) with a standard error of 0.621 for the OTDA treatment and 27.292 (g/kg) with a standard error of 0.399 for the TTDA treatment at digestate concentration of approximately 47.1% and a desirability of 0.930 respectively. The result suggests that the TTDA treatment method may have enhanced the growth of the maize plant better than the OTDA treatment method.
Haematological and Biochemical Profiles of West African Dwarf Goats Fed Cochlospermum planchonii Root Powder in Their Diet
Authors: Mhomga L. I. , Nwosu C. O. , Marire B. N.
Published: March 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding varying levels of Cochlospermum planchonii using 25 WAD goats. The study lasted for 84 days during which feed intake and haematological and biochemical parameters were monitored in 25 goats using a completely randomized design. Five diets consisting of pulverized Cochlospermum planchonii rhizome at varying proportions of 0 %. 5 %, 10 %, 20 % and 40 % respectively and designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were compounded with other feed ingredients. Goats were offered concentrate and Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) at 08:30 am. The results obtained revealed that there was no significant difference in dry matter intake of forage but the amount of concentrate consumed by T5 was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the other treatments. Haematological parameters such as; PCV, Hb, RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils did not differ across the treatments, while biochemical parameters such as; total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, creatinine, urea and ALT were also similar across the treatments, however, cholesterol, AST and ALP were significantly different (P < 0.05). The study revealed that inclusion of Cochlospermum planchonii in the diets of WAD goats had no adverse effects on the haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Therefore, dietary inclusion or drenching with the plant is safe especially at 20 % inclusion.
Assessment the Photo-neutron Contamination of IMRT and 3D-Conformal Techniques Using Thermo-luminescent Dosimeter (TLD)
Authors: Mohamedy Ebtesam M. , Fathy Hassan , Khalil Wafaa M. , Helal Nadia L. , Attalla Ehab M.
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study is to evaluate the dependence of photo-neutron production on field size, depth in phantom and distance from isocenter and also to calculate the equivalent neutron doses for PTV and OARs of IMRT and 3DCRT techniques using TLD (600/700).The Linac Siemens Oncor installed at Nasser Institute, Cairo, Egypt. TLDs, Neutron Monitor, Ionization chamber were provided by NIS, the duration of the study was from November 2017 to July 2018. 5 prostate cancer cases were selected treated with high energy beam (15MV) Linear accelerator using 3DCRT and IMRT treatment plans. The OARs were bladder, rectum and femur. Once the plans were completed, there were copied from the planning system onto the RW3 slab phantom in which pairs of TLD chips (600/700) were placed at the exact site of PTV and OARs. The results showed that: The measured photo-neutron decreases from 0.2 mSv/Gy to 0.09 mSv/Gy as increases field sizes from 2x2 cm2 to 20x20 cm2. The measured photo-neutron was maximum at dmax =0.15 mSv/Gy and decreases gradually as increases the depth in phantom reaches to 0.07 mSv/Gy at 10cm depth in phantom. The measured photo-neutron decreases from 1.5 mSv/Gy to 0.02 mSv/Gy when measured at isocenter and at 100cm along the patient couch. Using 3DCRT for PTV and OARs were ranging from 0.027 to 0.39 mSv per photon Gy and for IMRT were 0.135 to 2.34 mSv per photon Gy. In conclusion the photo-neutron production is decreases as increases field size and distance from isocenter along patient couch while increases with depth in phantom up to dmax and decreases gradually as increases depth in phantom. IMRT requires longer beam-on time than 3DCRT leading to worse OARs sparing and increase the production of photo-neutrons than 3DCRT.
A pilot study of occupational exposure to pathogenic microorganisms through lip cosmetics among dental hygienists
Authors: Jung Im-hee , Kim Ji-hye , Yoo Yun-Jung , Park Bo-young , Choi Eun-sil , Noh Hiejin
Published: March 2019

Objectives

In dental clinics, dental hygienists are exposed to aerosolized pathologic bacteria, which can be transmitted to the oral cavity via lip cosmetics. Accordingly, such contamination poses a consistent health risk among staffs. Our study examined the bacterial contamination of lip cosmetics used by dental hygienists while in a clinic setting.

Methods

Sixteen dental hygienists were surveyed regarding their job assignments and habits associated with lip cosmetic. Subsequently, microorganisms were analyzed in collected samples of the hygienists’ lip cosmetics using colony-forming unit (CFU) assays, 16s-rDNA polymerase chain reaction, and DNA sequencing.

Results

Notably, 81.3% of the submitted lip cosmetic samples were contaminated, with bacterial CFUs ranging from undetectable to innumerable. Many samples (43.8%) exceeded the microbial limits of cosmetic contamination. Of the lip cosmetic used for more than 6 months, 60% exceeded the microbial limit. When wearing a mask every time, only one of the six samples exceeded the microbial limit. More frequent dental mask changing was associated with a lower likelihood that the cosmetic sample would exceed the microbial limit. No samples from hygienists who changed their masks four times a day exceeded the microbial limit, compared to 33.3% from hygienists who only changed the mask when it became wet. Most isolated bacteria were gram-positive, facultative anaerobic, asporogenic, and opportunistically pathogenic, and the most prevalent species were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus salivarius, and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that dental staff, including dental hygienists, should exercise more careful workplace habits, particularly with regard to infection control and cosmetic use.
Escin suppresses HMGB1‐induced overexpression of aquaporin‐1 and increased permeability in endothelial cells
Authors: Chen Changjun , Wang Songgang , Chen Jiying , Liu Xiaolin , Zhang Mengchen , Wang Xi , Xu Weihua , Zhang Yayun , Li Hao , Pan Xin , Si Meng
Published: March 2019

Escin, a natural triterpene saponin mixture obtained from the horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum), has been used for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), hemorrhoids, and edema. However, it is unclear how escin protects against endothelial barrier dysfunction induced by pro‐inflammatory high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1). Here, we report that escin can suppress (a) HMGB1‐induced overexpression of the aquaporin‐1 (AQP1) water channel in endothelial cells and (b) HMGB1‐induced increases in endothelial cell permeability. This is the first report that escin inhibits AQP1 and alleviates barrier dysfunction in HMGB1‐induced inflammatory response.