bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR EDUCATIONAL INNOVATION IN DELTA STATE AND ITS CYBER SECURITY IMPLICATIONS: A POST COVID-19 ASSESSMENT
Authors: Okpako Abugor Ejaita , Isitor Nkechi , Ojie Deborah Voke , Ukadike Destiny
Published: November 2024

Technology is everywhere and it’s changing the way things work, hence it is disruptive depending on its application and context. Disruptive technology introduces new markets and modifies existing ones, providing end users with better access, convenience, empowerment, choice, and value as well as competing with established models and practically transforming products and services. The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a rapid shift to remote learning and the adoption of disruptive technologies in educational institutions worldwide, including Nigeria. Despite this, there is limited evidence investigating how different disruptive technologies and configurations associate with cyber security within the educational sector. This research work examines the association of disruptive technology and cyber security implications in the Delta State educational system during the post COVID 19 pandemic period. A cross sectional approach was used for data collection through questionnaires where 55 responses out of 80 respondents from some selected schools in Delta State were used. The results confirm some cyber threats on using disruptive technology in e-learning as phishing and identity theft. The respondent’s level of online satisfaction, cyber security awareness and performance was significantly associated with various independent variables such as e-learning platforms, online interaction, and privacy concerns. An understanding of these relationships will help educators and other stakeholders to prioritize legislation and regulations that will address such developments. The aim should not to over-regulate and consequently strangle them, but to envisage change, prepare for it, and set up appropriate regulatory frameworks to ensure societal balance.
Tax Administration Practices and Compliance: Evidence from Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Olumoh Yusuf Alabi
Published: November 2024

This study examines tax administration practices and their impact on tax compliance in Kwara State, Nigeria. Employing a cross-sectional quantitative survey design, the research utilized stratified random sampling to select 641 stakeholders from the Kwara State Internal Revenue Service (KWIRS). Data collection was conducted via questionnaires, with analysis performed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The results reveal that both tax enforcement strategies and taxpayer services have significant positive effects on compliance. These findings underscore the importance of robust enforcement mechanisms and high-quality taxpayer services in fostering a compliant tax environment. Additionally, the study highlights the need for effective communication and support for tax policies to achieve desired outcomes. The research concludes that improving enforcement strategies, enhancing taxpayer services, and ensuring proper implementation and communication of tax policies are crucial for promoting tax compliance in Kwara State. The study recommends increased tax audits, improved taxpayer services, taxpayer education, and collaboration with other government agencies to enhance the overall effectiveness of tax administration. This study contributes to the existing literature on tax administration and compliance, particularly within the context of developing economies, and offers valuable insights for policymakers and tax administrators in formulating strategies to enhance tax compliance and improve revenue generation.
Los libros de texto gratuitos en el contexto de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana
Authors: Martínez Iñiguez Jorge Eduardo , López Ramírez Evangelina , Ponce Ceballos Salvador
Published: November 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el panorama desde el cual emergen los libros de texto gratuitos dentro del paradigma de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana y la implementación del Plan de estudios 2022. Se realizó una investigación documental a través de tres categorías de análisis que fueron: 1) conceptualización de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana; 2) los libros de texto gratuitos en el contexto de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana, y 3) retos a resolver en los nuevos libros de texto gratuitos. Los resultados indican que la implementación del Plan de estudios 2022 dentro de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana representa un cambio de paradigma acorde con el proyecto político denominado Cuarta Transformación, en el cual los libros de texto gratuitos son una herramienta que permite acercar el conocimiento a diversos actores del sistema educativo, a pesar de las opiniones divididas que se han vertido desde su publicación. En conclusión, es importante establecer acciones que posibiliten la evaluación, retroalimentación y mejora continua de los libros de texto gratuitos, así como transformar la formación del profesorado, con la intención de promover la correcta utilización de los materiales educativos producidos por la Secretaría de Educación Pública.
Íslensk-pólsk veforðabók
Authors: Úlfarsdóttir Þórdís , Jónsdóttir Halldóra
Published: November 2024

Greinin segir frá nýrri tvímálaorðabók milli íslensku og pólsku sem unnið er að hjá Stofnun Árna Magnússonar. Helsti markhópur eru þeir fjölmörgu Pólverjar sem hafa sest að á Íslandi og er markmiðið að orðabókin geti eflt notkun íslensku á sem flestum sviðum, og stutt við íslenskunám og -kennslu á öllum stigum skólakerfisins.
Ritmálssafn Orðabókar Háskólans. Samtíð og saga
Authors: Svavarsdóttir Ásta
Published: November 2024

Greinin er fjallar um hið svokallaða Ritmálssafn Orðabókar Háskólans – tilurð þess, tilgang, efni, einkenni og notkun. Safnið geymir dæmi um orð og orðanotkun í íslenskum heimildum á tímabilinu frá miðri 16. öld og til loka 20. aldar, alls nálægt 2 milljónir dæma um u.þ.b. 700 þúsund uppflettiorð. Notkunardæmin voru upphaflega skráð á pappírsseðla sem raðað var í stafrófsröð orðanna og varðveittir í skjalaskápum en stærstur hluti þeirra hefur síðar verið tölvuskráður og safnið þannig verið gert öllum aðgengilegt á vef. Nýlega var það flutt í nýjan gagnagrunn og um leið var leit í því gerð fjölbreytilegri og sveigjanlegri. Í greininni er bæði farið yfir sögu safnsins og eiginleika þess svo notendur geti áttað sig á því hvers eðlis efniviðurinn er og gerð grein fyrir mismunandi leitar- og notkunarmöguleikum rafræna gagnasafnsins í þeim búningi sem það er nú (á vefsíðunni https://ritmalssafn.arnastofnun.is).
Opinber stafrænn örnefnagrunnur: skráning og hnitsetning örnefna og örnefnastýring
Authors: Hákonarson Aðalsteinn
Published: November 2024

Greinin fjallar um stöðlun og skráningu örnefna í stafrænan gagnagrunn sem er rekinn af Náttúrufræðistofnun í samstarfi við stofnun Árna Magnússonar.
Change of Value Paradigm in Women’s Prose (On The Example of the Novels of British and American Women Writers of Late 20th /Early 21st Centuries)
Authors: Yeghiazaryan Gayane , Museyan Ruzan
Published: November 2024

Our study focuses on gender issues from the perspective of “women’s literature”, gives a brief overview of female writers’ works from ancient times to the beginning of the 21st century, and explores how gender stereotypes have affected the texts created by women and about women. The point of view that literature is not gendered, and that there is simply good or bad literature which cannot be called either "masculine" or "feminine", is the starting point of our research, but with one caveat: women bring to literature their own, unique female experience, bio-philosophy, their own hierarchy of values. The aim of our research is to conduct a mapping of existing literature on how “women’s issue” and value paradigm are represented in women’s prose, and, using gender and axiological approaches of analysis, to confirm the belief that the “issue of woman”, gender dominants, as well as thematic and symbolic structures, character and value systems in women’s writings have undergone abrupt changes in historical and cultural context. On the example of the works of British and American women writers of late 20th and early 21st centuries, we can conclude thatcontemporary female writers build their literary activity on the paradigm of individual's psychological problems, thanks to which their works are identified by emotional and valuespecific measurements presented in a new aesthetic and artistic fashion.
Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence Technology and Optimism Regarding Its Impact on the Job Market Among High School Students
Authors: Kim Joshua , Kim Joseph
Published: November 2024

Since the introduction of ChatGPT, generative AI has presented notable challenges to the future job market, sparking widespread discussions about how automation and AI technologies might impact employment. However, individuals perceive these challenges differently based on their characteristics, with some viewing AI advancements as opportunities for growth and innovation. This study aimed to explore high school students' perceptions of AI's influence on the future job market. We hypothesized that proactive personality traits, technical and occupational self-efficacy would positively shape students' preparedness, optimism, and concerns about their future careers. To test these hypotheses, we gathered data from 141 high school students. Our findings revealed that proactive personality and technical self-efficacy positively correlated with a heightened sense of preparedness and optimism about AI’s impact on jobs. These insights offer practical implications for educators and policymakers and suggest areas for future research to better understand how students can be prepared for an AI-driven workforce.
Is Theme Park Logistics Inspired by City Logistics Practices and Strategies?
Authors: Paché Gilles
Published: November 2024

Despite its significant importance, theme park logistics remains underexplored in management research. There are noteworthy similarities with city logistics, particularly in areas such as managing visitor flows, product supply, waste management, and the application of smart technologies. Product supply is informed by established pooling practices, which involve centralized deliveries to hubs and optimized inventory management. Waste management also draws from sustainable urban strategies, including sorting and recycling. Furthermore, smart technologies facilitate real-time monitoring of visitor flows, allowing for fine-tuning logistical operations, although this raises ethical questions like those encountered in smart cities. These innovative practices, which have not been adequately studied, aim to enhance the efficiency of theme park logistics while ensuring a high-quality customer experience.
The New Power Couple: Artificial Intelligence and Renewable Energy
Authors: Mauro Gabriele
Published: November 2024

Achieving net-zero emissions is one of the most challenging goals of our time, requiring large-scale integration of renewable energy (RE) into national energy supply chains. This demands new competencies for firms to preserve their competitive advantages in rapidly evolving market environments, often called dynamic capabilities. A promising technology for integrating, scaling, and diffusing renewable energy within energy supply chains is artificial intelligence. However, the literature on AI-renewable energy supply chains is still in its early stages and often lacks broader theoretical development or managerial insights. In response, we introduce a theoretical framework to identify and develop AI-based dynamic capabilities in renewable energy supply chains through a case study approach. Supply chain predictability and optimization, key components of sensing and seizing capabilities, are crucial for developing effective renewable energy supply chains. Our study provides valuable insights also for practitioners aiming to establish AI-driven renewable energy supply chains.
A Systematic Review of Data Visualization
Authors: Balan Shilpa
Published: November 2024

Data visualization involves presenting data in graphical or pictorial form that in turn helps with decision support. This study addresses the importance of data visualizations in today’s data world, and its role in effective communication in various industry sectors. This study applied the PRISMA methodology to conduct the literature review. Four major themes are identified in this paper: data visualization principles, methods, contemporary chart types, and data visualization challenges. Popularly applied data visualization principles such as Gestalt Principles that help make data visualizations more effective are examined. Advanced chart types include doughnut chart, chord diagram, sankey diagram, and violin plot. Some challenges associated with data visualizations are data accuracy, complexity and uncertainty. Given the challenges, visualizations still benefit any field of study that requires interpreting and presenting complex information.
A Bridge Too Far: Africa’s Food Security and the WTO Agreement on Agriculture
Authors: Osiemo Onsando
Published: November 2024

Food and agriculture were largely treated as exceptions from the GATT disciplines. The GATT Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) initiated a long-term process of trade liberalisation in agriculture. Food security is among the objectives of the AoA. Trade liberalisation in agriculture, the removal of protectionism, and tariffs in agricultural trade are envisioned as food security enhancing. However, although African countries embraced the WTO AoA, they have failed to liberalise their agricultural trade in line with the disciplines of the AoA. African countries have missed out on the benefits of agricultural liberalisation, among them being food security. As a result, Africa’s agricultural trade is anaemic and, coupled with her low agricultural productivity, Africa is plagued by hunger.
Symbolic Popular Participation in Constitution-Making and Constitutionalism in Francophone Africa
Authors: Fombad Charles M. , Socher Johannes
Published: November 2024

Increasingly, popular participation has come to be regarded globally as a best practice in constitution-making. This article examines the different forms of popular participation in the most recent constitution-making processes in francophone Africa and its possible impact on constitutionalism. As will be shown, the dominant forms continue to be symbolic. Moreover, we argue that while it cannot be said conclusively that a high level of popular participation in constitution-making automatically enhances the prospects for constitutionalism, there is evidence to suggest that the dominant symbolic form of popular participation has had a negative impact on the legitimacy, constitutional stability, and the entrenchment of the core elements of constitutionalism in francophone Africa.
Deteksi Dini, Stimulasi, dan Intervensi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan pada Bayi dan Balita di Posyandu Puskesmas Tinggede
Authors: Masulili Fitria , Zainul Zainul , Junaidi Junaidi , Sipatu Lindanur , Jurana Jurana
Published: November 2024

Pendahuluan: Masa depan suatu bangsa tergantung pada keberhasilan anak dalam mencapai pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang optimal. Deteksi dini penyimpangan tumbuh kembang perlu dilakukan untuk dapat mendeteksi secara dini adanya penyimpangan tumbuh kembang balita termasuk menindaklanjuti setiap keluhan orangtua terhadap masalah tumbuh kembang anaknya. Tujuan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini yaitu untuk mendeteksi, memberikan stimulasi, intervensi dan evaluasi perkembangan pada balita sesuai tahapan usianya di posyandu Puskesmas Tinggede.
Metode pengabdian masyarakat yang digunakan yaitu kegiatan lapangan, berupa pemeriksaan langsung kepada khalayak sasaran yaitu balita yang berkunjung ke posyandu di Puskesmas Tinggede. Tindakan yang dilakukan yaitu pemeriksaan berat badan, tinggi badan, lingkar kepala, dan perkembangan anak meliputi motorik halus, motorik kasar, bahasa, sosialisasi dan kemandirian, dilakukan interpretasi, stimulasi perkembangan dan konseling gizi pada orangtua anak. Hasil diperoleh yaitu: terdapat 7 anak dengan berat badan sangat kurus dan 2 anak kurus, 1 anak sangat pendek dan 2 anak pendek, 5 anak dengan masalah kesehatan batuk pilek dan susah makan, 2 anak mikrocepal, dan semua anak mempunyai kemampuan perkembangan sesuai dengan tahap usianya. Kesimpulan kondisi anak saat ini yaitu dari segi status nutrisi dan kesehatan anak tidak memberikan dampak negatif pada perkembangan anak. Saran kepada Puskesmas Tinggede untuk lebih meningkatkan pelaksanaan pemeriksaan perkembangan anak secara rutin dan tetap memotivasi orangtua untuk membawa anak ke posyandu setiap bulan.
RESEARCH OF ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES ELLIPTICAL (SPHERICAL) MUFFLER
Authors:   National Transport University, Fedorov Volodymyr , Filipova Galyna ,   National Transport University, Bosenko Volodymyr ,   National Transport University, Yanovsky Vasyl ,   National Transport University
Published: November 2024

In this work, spherical and hemispherical silencers of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines are consid-ered as separate cases of an elliptical silencer. Spherical and hemispherical mufflers are preferred over elliptical mufflers based on their cheapness and ease of implementation with practically the same acoustic efficiency. The schemes of operation of both of the above silencers were considered: the movement of exhaust gases in them, incoming and reflected sound waves. Assembly drawings of a hemispherical muffler as a special case of an elliptical muffler were also given. An-alytical studies of the acoustic properties of the developed elliptical noise muffler in the low frequency range were carried out. In the high- and medium-frequency frequency ranges, the elliptical muffler suppresses noise due to the effect of sound reflection from the walls of the muffler and returning the latter back to the exhaust pipe. For low-frequency noise, such an effect is practically absent. This type of noise is suppressed in the developed muffler due to the high sound-absorbing properties of the muffler’s inner walls. To determine the effect of noise suppression in the low-frequency range, the laws of architectural acoustics were used, in particular, the reverberation time was calculated for geometric mean frequencies from 125 Hz to 6000 Hz. To ensure high sound-absorbing properties of the internal surfaces of the muf-flers, the use of special glass is proposed. The approximate dependence of the sound absorption coefficient of special glass on frequency is given. In the process of calculating the acoustic efficiency of the muffler, the dependence of the re-verberation time in the muffler on the noise frequency was obtained. At the same time, it was established that the effi-ciency in the area of low frequencies is 30 dB. Keywords: armored car, “Novator”, noise muffler, exhaust gases, acoustics, elliptical muffler, spherical muffler, sound absorption, glass, frequency, acoustic efficiency.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF THE CAR SERVICE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Mastepan Serhii
Published: November 2024

The main task of the automotive service enterprise is to efficiently provide high-quality technical maintenance and repair services for vehicles that meet consumer expectations. The production of quality services in automotive service enter-prises primarily depends on the state and level of the potential of the production process. This is determined by the condition of the technical and technological support of the production base, the level of professionalism of employees involved in the production of technical maintenance and repair services for vehicles, and the perfection of the organization and manage-ment forms of the enterprise’s production potential. There is a need to determine the directions and rational level of costs to increase the production potential of the enterprise. Accordingly, the purpose of the study is to develop a model for assessing and justifying the directions and volumes of increasing the production potential of the automotive service enterprise. When planning the development of production processes and increasing production potential, it is necessary to evaluate the direc-tions and the corresponding level of capital investments in the development of the enterprise and its production process components. It is essential to consider that the costs of increasing production potential must be economically justified. The demand for services and the price per norm-hour of service production work should simultaneously ensure the expected qual-ity of the service for consumers and the reimbursement of costs invested in the development of the enterprise. The level of improvement and development of the service production process in specific directions should be determined and evaluated based on the economic effect obtained from the implementation of measures to increase the production potential of the en-terprise. The analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of improving the production process of the enterprise are based on determining its real and potential capabilities for carrying out production activities. A mathematical model has been devel-oped to assess the effectiveness of directions for developing production potential and possible losses in the implementation of unjustified, ineffective decisions. A methodology has been developed for determining the effectiveness of investments in the development of the production potential of the enterprise and the directions and volumes of costs for its improvement. Keywords: auto service services, production process, potential, efficiency, evaluation.
TRENDS IN VEHICLE ELECTRIFICATION
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, Sakno Olha , Bas Kostiantyn ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Medvediev Ievgen ,   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University
Published: November 2024

The market of electric vehicles in Ukraine and the world has been studied. Global electric vehicle sales are found to reach a record 3 million in 2022 and continue to increase. The main sales leaders are automobile companies: Nissan, Tesla, Toyota, Volkswagen Group, BYD. It is a joint effort between several industries: automobiles, utilities, gov-ernment and private property owners such as shopping centers and apartment complexes. When these paths align, vehi-cle electrification trends will grow exponentially. About 40 thousand electric vehicles are registered in Ukraine. The mar-ket is growing every year, reflecting the changing infrastructure for electric vehicles. This indicates significant changes in green transport and is expected to have far-reaching implications for transport and environmental policy in Ukraine. The popularity of used electric vehicles also suggests that cost may be a significant factor in driver choice, which could influ-ence future market trends and government incentives for electric vehicle adoption. The main companies providing ser-vices in the charging network for electric vehicles are Auto Enterprise, Toka, DTEK. The main factors influencing the ef-fective operation of electric vehicles, namely the development of infrastructure, are analyzed: a) modern equipment for charging stations corresponding to the appropriate level; b) provision of additional charging station services for electric vehicles (for example, individual lanes for parking and refueling and c) software for drivers, cost discounts for the use of electricity in accordance with system load levels, etc. Leading car factories are expected to account for more than 70% of global electric vehicle production by 2030, meaning one in four new passenger cars sold will be an electric vehicle. This is the beginning of the era of zero-emission alternative fuel vehicles. Keywords: electric vehicle, infrastructure, charging network for electric vehicles, operation, factor.
ПІДГОТОВКА ВОДІЇВ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ЗАСОБІВ З ЧИСЛА ОСІБ З ІНВАЛІДНІСТЮ: СУЧАСНІ ВИКЛИКИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ
Authors:   State Enterprise «State Road Transport Research Institute», Gorpyniuk Lyudmyla , Polianskyi Yurii , Bregida Fedir , Taraban Serhii , Danko Andriy ,   State Enterprise «State Road Transport Research Institute»
Published: November 2024

All citizens have equal constitutional rights and freedoms and are equal before the law (Article 24 of the Con-stitution of Ukraine). In this context, a number of legislative and normative legal acts have been adopted in Ukraine today, which establish guarantees of compliance with the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of persons with disabili-ties, as well as determine special mechanisms for ensuring their social protection. An analysis of the state of the system of training drivers of vehicles from among persons with disabilities was carried out. Currently, there are only seven specialized educational institutions for training drivers with disabilities in Ukraine. The current situation regarding the number of specialized educational institutions for training drivers with disabilities, as well as the situation regarding the training of drivers with disabilities of category B only, do not meet the needs and do not meet the requirements of the law. In addition, typical programs for the training of all drivers of vehicles provide basic training, but do not take into account the specifics of training people with disabilities and their needs as future drivers of vehicles. Prospects for the development of the system of training drivers of vehicles from among persons with disabilities have been determined, which consist in the expansion of the network of specialized educational institutions. In this context, it should be noted that educational institutions for training drivers with disabilities should have, in particular: provision of training for all categories of vehicles; educational programs adapted to the needs of persons with disabilities; training cars with manual control; inclusive premises; trained (experienced) teachers for theoretical and practical training of persons with disabilities; the possibility of studying according to a convenient schedule. Keywords: a driver with a disability, accessibility, driving a vehicle, training.
Pioneering Advances and Innovative Applications of Mesoporous Carriers for Mitochondria-Targeted Therapeutics
Authors: Al Tahan Mohamad Anas , Al Tahan Sana
Published: November 2024

Mitochondria, known as the cell’s powerhouse, play a critical role in energy production, cellular maintenance, and stemness regulation in non-cancerous cells. Despite their importance, using drug delivery systems to target the mitochondria presents significant challenges due to several barriers, including cellular uptake limitations, enzymatic degradation, and the mitochondrial membranes themselves. Additionally, barriers in the organs to be targetted, along with extracellular barriers formed by physiological processes such as the reticuloendothelial system, contribute to the rapid elimination of nanoparticles designed for mitochondrial-based drug delivery. Overcoming these challenges has led to the development of various strategies, such as molecular targeting using cell-penetrating peptides, genomic editing, and nanoparticle-based systems, including porous carriers, liposomes, micelles, and Mito-Porters. Porous carriers stand out as particularly promising candidates as drug delivery systems for targeting the mitochondria due to their large pore size, surface area, and ease of functionalisation. Depending on the pore size, they can be classified as micro-, meso-, or macroporous and are either ordered or non-ordered based on both size and pore uniformity. Several methods are employed to target the mitochondria using porous carriers, such as surface modifications with polyethylene glycol (PEG), incorporation of targeting ligands like triphenylphosphonium, and capping the pores with gold nanoparticles or chitosan to enable controlled and triggered drug delivery. Photodynamic therapy is another approach, where drug-loaded porous carriers generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to enhance mitochondrial targeting. Further advancements have been made in the form of functionalised porous silica and carbon nanoparticles, which have demonstrated potential for effective drug delivery to mitochondria. This review highlights the various approaches that utilise porous carriers, specifically focusing on silica-based systems, as efficient vehicles for targeting mitochondria, paving the way for improved drug delivery strategies in mitochondrial therapies.
Pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis: a Belgian single-center retrospective analysis reveals real-life difficulties in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Dominicus Toon , Nuyttens Lisa , Hoffman Ilse , Bullens Dominique M. A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the esophageal mucosa.

Methods

This study aimed to provide insights into the clinical characteristics, diagnostic evaluation, treatment modalities, and outcomes of EoE in a pediatric population through a retrospective analysis of 79 patients followed in a single tertiary referral center between 2014 and 2020.

Results

As expected, a higher male prevalence was observed. Median age at diagnosis was 8.9 years, aligning with the typical presentation in childhood, emphasizing the need for early recognition. Clinical presentation varied, with vomiting, dysphagia, and abdominal pain being the most frequently reported symptoms. IgE-sensitization, food allergy and atopy were highly prevalent, with cow's milk, wheat, egg, soy, and peanuts being the most common allergens. Endoscopy results mostly revealed macroscopic abnormalities with linear furrows and microabscesses/white plaques being the most common features although a significant proportion of initial endoscopies (14/79) showed no macroscopic abnormalities, highlighting the importance of esophageal biopsies. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were commonly used as a first-line treatment, with most patients receiving PPI therapy. Other treatment modalities, such as oral budesonide and exclusion diets either single or in combination, were also used. Remission was achieved in 69/79 or 87% patients, with different treatment regimens contributing to successful outcomes but subject to relapse upon time.

Discussion

This study provides valuable insights into the clinical characteristics, diagnostic evaluation, treatment modalities, and outcomes of EoE in the pediatric population. It underscores the importance of early recognition, accurate diagnosis, and regular follow-up to effectively manage this chronic immune-mediated disorder but also demonstrates its complexity in real-life clinical setting.
Deep learning methods for high-resolution microscale light field image reconstruction: a survey
Authors: Lin Bingzhi , Tian Yuan , Zhang Yue , Zhu Zhijing , Wang Depeng
Published: November 2024

Deep learning is progressively emerging as a vital tool for image reconstruction in light field microscopy. The present review provides a comprehensive examination of the latest advancements in light field image reconstruction techniques based on deep learning algorithms. First, the review briefly introduced the concept of light field and deep learning techniques. Following that, the application of deep learning in light field image reconstruction was discussed. Subsequently, we classified deep learning-based light field microscopy reconstruction algorithms into three types based on the contribution of deep learning, including fully deep learning-based method, deep learning enhanced raw light field image with numerical inversion volumetric reconstruction, and numerical inversion volumetric reconstruction with deep learning enhanced resolution, and comprehensively analyzed the features of each approach. Finally, we discussed several challenges, including deep neural approaches for increasing the accuracy of light field microscopy to predict temporal information, methods for obtaining light field training data, strategies for data enhancement using existing data, and the interpretability of deep neural networks.
Combining the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based immunotherapy: recent advances, challenges, and future prospects
Authors: Alidadi Mehdi , Barzgar Haniyeh , Zaman Mohammad , Paevskaya Olga A. , Metanat Yekta , Khodabandehloo Elnaz , Moradi Vahid
Published: November 2024

After experiencing many ups and downs, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has reached a milestone as an anti-cancer method, as evidenced by the increasing number of clinical trials and approved products. Nonetheless, there is a real need to optimize CAR-T cell therapy and overcome its existing limitations. The importance of cellular starting material for generating CAR-T cells is undeniable, as the current personalized manufacturing approach is the main roadblock to providing a fast, affordable, and standard treatment for patients. Thus, developing an off-the-shelf CAR-T product is a leading focus in adoptive cell therapy. Several biotech companies worldwide are focused on developing an off-the-shelf CAR-T product from allogeneic sources. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have unique characteristics, making them highly attractive among various allogeneic sources. IPSCs can be modified with CAR, undergo other intended gene manipulations, and then be differentiated into functional hematopoietic lineages with anti-cancer activity. Moreover, iPSCs provide an unlimited cell source, simplifying the setting of a standard treatment protocol by generating a homogenous population of resulting cells and reducing batch-to-batch inconsistency. In this review, we delve into the manufacturing of iPSC-derived CAR-T (iCAR-T) cells and discuss the path and challenges of their clinical translation. We also introduce some iPSC-derived cellular alternatives to conventional iCAR-αβ-T cells, including iCAR-T cells with a limited TCR diversity, iCAR-NK, iCAR-macrophages, and iCAR-neutrophils and discuss their relative advantages and disadvantages as well as their differentiation from iPSCs in compliance with cGMP. Finally, we reviewed iPSC-derived CAR-engineered cells being evaluated in clinical trials.
Development and application of a quadruplex TaqMan fluorescence quantitative PCR typing method for Streptococcus suis generalis, type 2, type 7 and type 9
Authors: Wang Haojie , Chen Jianxing , Sun Yue , An Tongqing , Wang Yue , Chen Hongyan , Yu Changqing , Xia Changyou , Zhang He
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Streptococcus suis (SS) is one of the most important pathogens causing major economic losses in the global pig farming industry and is a serious threat to public health safety. It has multiple serotypes, with poor cross-protection between serotypes, and effective typing methods are lacking.

Methods

In this study, a quadruplex TaqMan fluorescence quantitative PCR assay that can differentiate between Streptococcus suis types 2, 7 and 9 was developed using the gdh gene, a generic gene for Streptococcus suis, and cps2J, cps7H and cps9J, genes encoding podocarp-associated genes for types 2, 7 and 9, respectively, as targets.

Results

The method is specific enough to accurately type Streptococcus suis pigmentosus without detecting non-target pathogens (Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and et al). The sensitivity was high, with a minimum lower detection line of 10 copies for P-SS and P-SS9, and 100 copies for P-SS2 and P-SS7. The standard curves generated showed good linearity with R2 of 0.999, 0.999, 0.997 and 0.998 respectively. The repeatability was good, with coefficients of variation between batch to batch and batch to batch tests ranging from 0.21% to 1.10%. Testing of 156 samples yielded 68 positive and 88 negative samples, of which the positive rate of SS was 5.77% (9/156), SS2 was 20.51% (32/156), SS7 was 8.33% (13/156) and SS9 was 9.6% (15/156), which was in line with the existing fluorescent quantitative PCR assay of 93.75%~100%, which was higher than the detection rate of conventional PCR.

Discussion

The quadruplex TaqMan fluorescence quantitative PCR method of Streptococcus suis generic, type 2, 7 and 9 established in this study can accurately differentiate the three serotypes of Streptococcus suis that currently have high prevalence and pathogenicity, which is of great importance for accurate clinical prevention and treatment, epidemiological investigation and vaccine development.
The treasured giants: a current overview on agricultural, nutritional, bioactive, and economic potential of Macrocybe Species (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
Authors: Peiris Thivanka M. , Perera Menasha , Munasinghe Helani H. , Thambugala Kasun M. , Dharmasena Buddhika P. , Suttiprapan Piyawan , Cheewangkoon Ratchadawan
Published: November 2024

Macrocybe is a well-studied genus in the family Callistosporiaceae (Basidiomycota). Currently, the genus comprises eight species with worldwide distribution. All species in this genus are relatively large compared to other edible mushrooms and are commonly consumed by locals. Cultivation methodologies have been developed for several species of the genus, including M. gigantea, M. crassa, M. titans, and M. lobayensis. These mushrooms can be cultivated in lignocellulosic wastes such as sawdust, straw, and other agro-industrial wastes. The nutritional compositions have been identified for M. gigantea, M. crassa, and M. lobayensis, revealing that they are rich in fibers, proteins, and various vitamins. Although these mushrooms are of culinary significance, precautions should be taken when consuming them due to their potential cyanic toxicity. In addition to being rich in different nutrients, Macrocybe species possess medicinal properties such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and several other beneficial effects. Several species are commercially available in countries like China and Thailand, and the commercial potential is high due to the large size, taste, and long shelf life of these mushrooms. There is significant potential for cultivating species of this genus and introducing their artificial cultivation practices to various counties worldwide. Diverse value-added products can also be produced using Macrocybe species.
KIF20A activated by transcription factor GATA2 promotes cell growth in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Juan , Cheng Wenhua , Wang Yi , Zhou Yunpeng , Wang Zhiming , Dai Yunyan , Li Yaoxuan , Chen Pinggui , Liu Ting , Li Yifan , Li Gaopeng , Qu Wenqing , Chen Jing
Published: November 2024

Background

Elevated evidence suggests that KIF20A plays an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism by which KIF20A promotes HCC cell growth are not well understood.

Methods

Using TCGA-LIHC RNAseq and GEO datasets, we assessed the KIF20A expression and patient survival in HCC and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC. Mutant and CNV analysis were performed to evaluate the genetic alteration of KIF20A in HCC. PPI network and GSEA enrichment was utilized for analyzing the KIF20A-related genes and involved pathways in HCC. To further explore regulatory mechanism in HBV-related HCC, PROMO prediction and luciferase reporter system was utilized for verifying HBx/GATA2/KIF20A binding sites. CCK-8 and flow cytometry were carried out to determine the regulation of GATA2-KIF20A on HBV-related HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Results

KIF20A was significantly upregulated in pan-cancer (including HCC). KIF20A mRNA level was a significant independent predictor of overall survival in HBV-related HCC patients. Genetic alterations analysis revealed the copy number gain and amplification triggered KIF20A upregulation in HCC. In addition, the genes associated with KIF20A expression in HCC was enriched in PLK1 pathway and cell cycle in HCC. HBx might indirectly binds to KIF20A promoter via regulating GATA2. Additionally, transcription factor GATA2 directly binds to the promoter region of KIF20A. Overexpression of GATA2 promotes HepG2.2.15 cell growth and inhibits cell apoptosis via modulating KIF20A.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrated that HBx contributed to cell proliferation by interacting with GATA2 and KIF20A in HBV-related HCC.
SEMA: utilizing multi-sensory cues to enhance the art experience of visually impaired students
Authors: Welewatta Ruwani , Maithripala Akila , Weerasinghe Heshan , Karunanayake Kasun , Sandaruwan Damitha , Arachchi Samantha Mathara , Cheok Adrian David
Published: November 2024

Assistive technologies play a major role in bridging the accessibility gap in arts (especially paintings). Despite the constant advancements in these areas, the visually impaired often encounter challenges in independently experiencing and interpreting paintings. Our goal was to effectively convey the contents of a painting to visually impaired students using selected multi-sensory stimuli (tactile, auditory, and somatosensory) to compensate for the loss of input from the sense of sight. A prototype (named SEMA—Specially Enhanced Multi-sensory Art) was developed around a simple painting to incorporate descriptive outputs of the aforementioned stimuli. The prototype was developed and refined iteratively with the visually impaired students at the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. We evaluated all the systems individually using the user feedback and several quantitative and qualitative measures were adopted to analyze the results. The final user study with 22 visually impaired participants yielded a strong preference (92.6 %) for the prototype and highlighted its potential to enhance the art experiences. The findings of this study contribute to the further exploration of multi-sensory integration in entertainment and its impact on the visually impaired community.
Integration of the systemic inflammatory response index with pulse pressure enhances prognostication of cardiovascular mortality in the general population of the United States: insights from the NHANES database
Authors: An Jie , Zhong Zikan , Xiong Bingquan , Yang Dandan , Li Youquan , Luo Ya , Li Hao , Jiao Yang , Zhou Genqing , Xu Min , Liu Shaowen , Li Jie
Published: November 2024

Background

The prognostic significance of utilizing both the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and pulse pressure (PP) collectively in assessing cardiovascular mortality (CVM) across populations remains to be elucidated.

Methods

Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis investigated the SIRI, PP, and CVM association. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves evaluated the predictive performance of the combined SIRI and PP for CVM in the broader demographic. Subsequently, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was compared using the Z-test, and a novel nomogram was developed to assess its accuracy in predicting CVM. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to evaluate the association between SIRI and PP.

Results

The study involved 19,086 NHANES database individuals, with 9,531 males (49.94%). During the follow-up period, 456 CVM instances (2.39%) occurred. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed both the SIRI [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.16, P < 0.001] and PP (HR = 1.01, P = 0.004) as independent CVM predictors. A 0.1-unit SIRI increase and 10 mmHg PP escalation correlated with 2% (adjusted HR = 1.02, P < 0.001) and 7% (adjusted HR = 1.07, P = 0.004) CVM enhancements, respectively. The combined SIRI and PP area under the curve was 0.77, ranging from 0.77 to 0.79 in female cohorts, non-smokers, and non-pathological contexts. High SIRI and PP, either high SIRI or PP, were associated with 3 and 2 times the CVM risk compared to low SIRI and PP. Adding the SIRI and PP to general risk factors improved CVM predictive efficacy (Z = 4.17, P < 0.001). The novel nomogram's concordance index was 0.90, indicating excellent discrimination. The predicted probabilities’ calibration plot aligned with actual CVM rates at 1, 5, and 10 years. RCS showed an S-shaped relationship between SIRI and PP.

Conclusions

Integrating the SIRI with PP demonstrates substantial predictive efficacy for CVM within the broader United States community, notably in female cohorts, non-smokers, and non-pathological contexts.
Mapping the intersection of sudden cardiac death and COVID-19: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis (2020–2024)
Authors: Bhattacharya Sudip , Singh Alok , Singh Akanksha , Singh Sukhpreet
Published: November 2024

Introduction

A direct causal link between Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) and COVID-19 is unproven, although current data suggest a plausible association.

Aim

This study aims to map and analyze the intersection of research on sudden cardiac death and COVID-19 through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.

Methodology

This study searched the literature by applying the keywords “COVID-19” AND “Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD)”. Literature retrieved using the above keywords and published were included with a time limit from 1st January 2020 to 8th Aug 2024.

Results

The bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 and Sudden Cardiac Death highlights key research trends from 2020 to 2024, revealing a rapid surge in scientific output during the pandemic. 2,915 articles were retrieved, with 70.5% being original research, reflecting a strong focus on new empirical evidence. The peak in publications occurred in 2021, driven by the urgent need to understand the cardiovascular implications of COVID-19. However, a decline in publications and citations in subsequent years suggests a shift in research priorities and a potential saturation in initial research areas. Leading institutions like Harvard Medical School, Mayo Clinic, and the University of Pennsylvania played a significant role, with the U.S., China, and the U.K. being top contributors. Despite fewer publications, China's research had a notable impact, indicated by high average citations per article. Keyword analysis identified “COVID-19” and “SARS-CoV-2” as dominant themes, with related terms like myocarditis and heart failure reflecting major cardiovascular concerns. Co-citation analysis revealed seminal works that shaped the discourse, with influential articles by Xu Z et al. and Guo T et al. frequently cited. The collaborative nature of research, especially among top institutions and countries like the U.S., Italy, and the U.K., was evident in network analyses. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the research landscape, highlighting significant contributions, emerging themes, and future research directions in understanding and mitigating the cardiovascular impacts of COVID-19.
A simple goiter of the right ventricle: case report and literature review
Authors: Luo Shuai , Tian Xiaoxue , Xu Ting , Wang Jinjing
Published: November 2024

Background

Cardiac teratoma is extremely rare, accounting for less than 1% of adult cardiac tumors. These teratomas typically occur in the pericardium and myocardium, with intracardiac teratomas being even rarer. Given the limited number of cases, diagnosing and treating intracardiac teratomas remains challenging.

Case demonstration

A 50-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a 1-month history of chest tightness and shortness of breath after exertion. Color Doppler echocardiography revealed a hyperechoic mass of approximately 58 mm in diameter in the right ventricular cavity and outflow tract. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed a right ventricular monodermal teratoma (goiter). The patient was followed up for 2 years with good overall health and no recurrence.

Conclusions

Intracardiac teratomas are exceedingly uncommon tumors, with the predominant right ventricle involvement being observed across a wide age range. These teratomas are often histologically classified as benign. The early detection of intracardiac teratomas relies on imaging findings, while a definitive diagnosis requires histopathological examination. The primary treatment is surgical resection, which yields a favorable prognosis.