bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İNTERNET ARACILIĞIYLA SPOR ÜRÜNÜ SATIN ALMA NİYETİ ÖLÇEĞİ: TÜRKÇE UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: AYDIN İsmail , GÜMÜŞBOĞA İbrahim
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı internet aracılığıyla (online) spor ürünü satın alma niyeti ölçeğinin (İSÜSAÖ) Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenirliliğini test etmektir. Araştırmada veriler kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle belirlenen 303 kişiden toplanmıştır. Dil eş geçerliliği tamamlanan ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini test etmek için Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) uygulanmıştır. İç güvenirlik düzeyini belirlemek için Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. DFA uyum indeksleri belirlenen 7 faktörlü yapının mükemmel uyum sınırları içerisinde yer alarak doğruladığını ortaya koymuştur. Çalışma sonunda elde edilen bulgular test edilen ölçeğin Türkçe formunun hem geçerliliğini hem de güvenirliliğini desteklemektedir. İnternet aracılığıyla alışveriş yapan bireylerin spor malzemesi satın alma niyet düzeylerini belirlemenin yanında İSÜSAÖ’nün 7 faktörlü yapısının satın alma davranışlarını değerlendirmede de araştırmacılar tarafından Türkiye popülasyonu için kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.
ÜRETİCİ FİYATLARININ TÜKETİCİ FİYATLARINA ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEN KANITLAR
Authors: ŞANLI Orhan
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmada ÜFE ve TÜFE arasında nedensellik ve eşbütünleşme ilişki 2005-2021 yılları arasında aylık veriler kullanarak Türkiye özelinde incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla ARDL sınır testi, Granger testi ve Toda-Yamamoto testi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, ÜFE ve TÜFE arasında oldukça güçlü bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisi vardır ve seriler birlikte hareket etmektedir. Öyle ki, uzun dönemde ÜFE’de meydana gelen %1’lik bir artışın TÜFE’de yaklaşık %1.1 oranında bir artışa yol açtığı görülmektedir. Son olarak standart Granger ve Toda-Yamamoto testlerine göre ÜFE’den TÜFE’ye doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi vardır. Bu sonuçlar Türkiye’de ÜFE’nin, TÜFE’nin önemli bir belirleyicisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca bu sonuçlara göre enflasyon hedeflemesi programının sürdürülebilmesi için ÜFE’den TÜFE’ye geçişi sağlayan maliyet itici etkenlerin dikkate alınması önemlidir.
E-TİCARET ÇAĞINDA YEREL ESNAFIN DEVAMLILIĞINI SAĞLAMA YOLLARI: “BOLU YUKARI ÇARŞI” ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: TAŞKESEN Şükran , KARABULUT TEMEL Elif
Published: July 2022

Bolu’nun tarihi çarşısı olarak bilinen ve geçmişten beri ticaret merkezi olan Yukarı Çarşı’da faaliyet gösteren esnafların E-Ticaret çağında mevcut durumlarını tespit etmek ve devamlılıklarını sağlamak için kullandıkları stratejileri belirlemek üzere bu çalışma planlanmıştır. Çalışmada Yukarı Çarşı’da farklı sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren 21 esnafla görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmeler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Aile büyüklerinin aynı çarşıda yıllardır faaliyet göstermesi esnafın bu geleneğini devam ettirme isteği, tarihi çarşının yıllardır şehrin sembolü durumunda olması ve ticaretin merkezi olarak bilinirliliği, esnafın kredi kartı kullanmayan ve devamlı müşterilerine veresiye usulde alışveriş yapma olanağı sağlaması, müşteri ile samimi ilişkiler kurulması, dükkan kiralarının şehirdeki diğer alışveriş mekanlarına göre uygunluğu Yukarı Çarşı esnafının devamlılığı sağlama konusunda etkili olan başlıca belirleyici özelliklerdir.
Rethinking Land Reform and Its Contribution to Livelihoods in South Africa
Authors: Rusenga Clemence
Published: July 2022

Land reform in South Africa has been criticised for its failure to significantly improve beneficiaries’ livelihoods. Among the reasons is the government’s stubborn enforcement of large-scale farming on land reform projects. This article presents the experiences of land reform beneficiaries on a single case farm in Limpopo Province, confirming, on one hand, that indeed the capital-intensive model of production negatively affects their production and livelihoods. On the other, the article shows that where alternative land uses are introduced, even alongside large-scale farming, land contributes to beneficiaries’ livelihoods. The article argues that a nuanced analysis that goes beyond the narrow commercial and econometric value of land, to include its social value, allows us to comprehend the full extent of land’s contribution to rural livelihoods in South Africa.
Populist Diaspora Engagement
Authors: Böcü Gözde , Panwar Nidhi
Published: July 2022

How and why do right-wing populist parties engage in diaspora outreach? This article uses populism as a lens through to study diaspora engagement, and compares strategies used by right-wing parties in power (Turkey’s AKP and India’s BJP) to access their diasporas. While we find that polarising and civilisationist discourses are adopted in both cases for uniting the diaspora behind the populist in power, we argue that these strategies are implemented for different purposes. In the Turkish case, the promotion of Turkish and Sunni-Muslim identification serves the purpose of garnering electoral support behind the ruling party, while in the Indian case, identification with Hindutva is used to achieve the financial and developmental goals of the ruling party. By comparing outreach strategies through the analysis of policies and practices employed by the parties as well as the activities of their diasporic organisations, the article contributes to debates on party-led diaspora engagement.
Migration, Discrimination and Assimilation in the State of Israel
Authors: Rajan Kadanthodu Suraj
Published: July 2022

The coalescence of Jews from across the world to form a unified Jewish nation-state has been the dream of many Jewish and Zionist leaders. With the gathering of immigrants after the State of Israel was established, the founders strived for a ‘fusion of exiles’ (mizug hagaluyot), where individual migrant cultural identities would assimilate to form a new Israeli identity that was predominantly European. Though the idea of a ‘New State’ appealed to Indian Jews, the promises that were made before they migrated from India did not materialise once they arrived in Israel, and they had to undergo several challenges, including discrimination based on colour and ethnicity, thus delaying their assimilation within Israeli society. This paper tries to understand the migration patterns of the Bene Israeli and Cochin Jewish communities and the prejudices enforced by the Israeli government and its agencies on them, which challenged their integration into mainstream Israeli society.
Exploring human factors of wildlife conservation along a forest gap using a participatory design-build canopy bridge
Authors: Fan Yibo , Lindshield Stacy
Published: July 2022

This paper reports the social-cultural findings from building an artificial canopy bridge for mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) and other arboreal mammals in Puerto Viejo, Costa Rica. We analyzed participatory observation results from participatory designing and building, and camera trap data from monitoring the bridge. This article also discusses how local perceptions towards monkeys, regional developments, and bridge functions inform primate conservation in that region. It examines a broader primate conservation strategy that addresses entangled values and bridge design in a human-centered, peri-urban, and coastal evergreen forest. We found that artificial canopy bridge design is a complex problem related to humans and targeted species. Connecting habitat with artificial canopy bridges in this context is part of a more significant urban planning problem. Bridge material and design are related to animal usage and existing infrastructure and can shape public views that build or jeopardize public trust.
“Midianite Men, Merchants” (Gen 37:28): Linguistic, Literary, and Historical Perspectives
Authors: Steiner Richard C.
Published: July 2022

An important method of resolving contradictions in the Bible was developed by Saadia Gaon and Menasseh ben Israel based on the writings of Aristotle. It is rooted in the insight that failure to recognize linguistic ambiguity is a common source of apparent contradiction—in the Bible as elsewhere. In the case of the apparent Ishmaelite/Midianite contradiction, the crucial ambiguity—overlooked by critics of all persuasions—is syntactic. There is a second syntactic reading of וַיַּעַבְרוּ אֲנָשִׁים מִדְיָנִים סֹחֲרִים that eliminates the contradiction and solves other problems, leaving only a lack of uniformity. For the latter, there are three literary explanations, which complement each other. They involve (1) stylistic variation, (2) subjective perspective (based on the historical context), and (3) keywords and foreshadowing.
Understanding Imitatio Dei in the Holiness Source
Authors: Hosle Paul K.
Published: July 2022

This essay concerns the vexed question of imitatio Dei in the Holiness Code (Lev 17–26) and, to a minor degree, other Holiness (H) traditions in the Pentateuch. I argue that H possesses a robust theology of imitatio Dei, but that the specific form that this imitation takes requires further clarification. Conceptually, I distinguish between the imitandum (i.e., that which is to be imitated) and the imitatio (i.e., the act of imitating). I argue that the imitandum is holiness understood as a quality proper to the deity that is irreducible to a code of conduct, but that this does not vitiate the applicability of the concept of imitatio Dei. On the level of the imitatio, I emphasize the irreducibly social nature of the imitatio, as well as its theocentric logic of justification. Within a typology of imitational structures, H represents an interesting case where both the imitandum and imitatio are heteronomously determined by the external demand of the deity and where the impulse of private, subjective moral growth plays a negligible role.
A Legal Allusion: The Correlation of Law and History in Ezekiel 20
Authors: Jarrard Eric X.
Published: July 2022

This article expands the well-established relationship between Ezek 20 and the Holiness Code (H), developed by, among others, Michael Lyons. I argue that Ezekiel articulates the relationship between the exodus event and the legal material using an extensive intertextual allusion to H. These connections enable us to appreciate more thoroughly Ezekiel’s historiographical project, as well as exposing possible Deuteronomic redaction of the chapter that assumes and utilizes the established time patterning of the surrounding verses. The article concludes with a reflection on the mnemonic activity in Ezek 20 regarding how the chapter uses (proto-) Lev 18–20 to advocate for the preeminence of legal material and especially H in patterning time and conceptions of the exodus for future generations.
The Intersection of the Sacred and the Profane in Urban Markets in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Oyelade Olufikayo Kunle , Jegede Oluwaseun Oludele , Akintunde Abel Akintoye , Omobowale Ayokunle Olumuyiwa
Published: July 2022

The secularization of the sacred and the sanctification of the secular are two ongoing processes in contemporary urban areas in Nigeria. Although, profanity and sacredness are two distinct ‘realities’ in every religious arena, observations reveal some convergences of the duo in urban market settings. This is a departure from Durkheim’s distinction between the sacred and the profane; hence, this calls for further contextual scholarly attention. Qualitative data were collected via observations, Key Informant Interviews (KII) and In-depth Interviews (IDI) which were conducted with traders and religious leaders whose churches/mosques provided trading shops/spaces to these traders, and who organized prayer sessions for traders. Data were subjected to content analysis and findings revealed that churches have shopping malls in the markets; also, a mosque let out its open space for trading. Letting was done without religious sentiment, thus, it is evident that economic bias is more important than religious sentimentality. Both Christian and Muslim traders meet from time to time at designated places in the markets for religious rituals. As a result, traders create the consciousness of divine worship and prayer to integrate sacredness and profanity into everyday market transactions, and also advance mutual trader-cohesion for individual and market success.
The Effects of Sociopolitical Factors on Divorce Rates after Political Upheavals in Post-Soviet Countries
Authors: Aghayeeabianeh Banafsheh , Stamatel Janet P.
Published: July 2022

The present study investigates the influence of sociopolitical factors on the divorce rate in a sample of seven Color Revolution countries. The second demographic transition perspective and the concept of political anomie were used as the primary theoretical framework. Fixed effects method analysis was conducted for Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine from 1995 to 2018. Results indicated that economic growth, rise in women’s status, democratization, and political anomie were statistically and positively related to the divorce rate. The results show that sociopolitical factors, such as democratization and anomie, are promising for understanding changing family dynamics. The implications of the study are further discussed.
The Return of the Dialectics of Nature
Authors: Foster John Bellamy
Published: July 2022

The resurrection of the classical Marxian ecological critique in the context of the current planetary emergency has led to the return of the concept of the dialectics of nature, associated with the work of Frederick Engels in particular. In the century following the deaths of Charles Darwin and Karl Marx, the dialectics-of-nature conception played a formative role in the development of the modern ecological critique within science, notably in Britain, and helped inspire the contemporary environmentalist movement. Nevertheless, all of this occurred outside the dominant streams of Marxian thought and practice, where a great chasm had arisen in this area. Whereas official Marxism in the Soviet Union reduced the dialectics of nature to a fixed dogma, Western Marxism rejected it altogether. In the current Anthropocene Epoch in the geological time scale – and in what is referred to here as the Capitalinian Age of the Anthropocene – a new historical-materialist synthesis constructed on classical foundations, reintegrating the dialectics of nature, so as to address the immense ecological challenges confronting humanity, is seen as objectively (and subjectively) necessary.
Cyclopean Fortresses, Royal Cities or Mountain Shelters?
Authors: Licheli Vakhtang , Dan Roberto , Vitolo Priscilla , Chogovadze Tamar , Cesaretti Andrea , Chilingarashvili Tornike , Saccone Tommaso , Gasparro Onofrio
Published: July 2022

The present article is devoted to a new study of two archaeological complexes, Abuli and Shaori in the Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia, that are known in the research literature. The sites discussed in this article have been visited and studied multiple times during the first three years of activities in the region in the frame of the Georgian-Italian Samtskhe-Javakheti Project. They have been carefully examined from both architectural and environmental perspectives and new hypotheses about their function have been proposed. Due to their unique geographical position and architectural features, the protohistoric fortified shelters of Abuli and Shaori may be considered exceptional archaeological sites not only in the archaeological panorama of Georgia but in the entire South Caucasus region.
Historic Premise of the Silk Roads in the South Caucasus
Authors: Jamburia Salome
Published: July 2022

In this article, I examine the evidence for the trade route coming into and passing through the South Caucasus in antiquity. The synthesis is undertaken in view of ancient literary sources, historical research and new archaeological evidence. The outcome reasserts the existence of the cross-border route in the South Caucasus. Further work should be undertaken to throw more light on the extent of this route and the role it played in ancient Eurasian society.
Ghosts on the Scene of Gas
Authors: Vignato Silvia
Published: July 2022

This article describes a vision of time (the past and the future) in post-industrial dynamics that the author and her co-researchers could gain through shooting a film in the region of Lhokseumawe, Aceh, a once fruitful site of extraction of natural gas subsequently planned to become a Special Economic Zone. It engages with the notion of “worlding” processes and pinpoints, in the ethnographic case of Aceh, the difficulty to access them through discourse because specific strategies of silencing and erasure are enforced throughout an emotional landscape. It is argued that it was the use of film-making as a relational tool aiming to create images that enabled the researchers to see through time and beyond regimes of invisibility. This is how they met ghosts on the gas scene. The steps in the making of an ethnographic film are used as a narrative lead. A scene is set up where the extractive economy of gas is linked to a global vision of development and prosperity as well as to present and past national politics, including a thirty-year-long war of resistance (1975–2005). The creation of a Special Economic Zone is shown to provide a relevant interpretive prism. Different styles of self-staging reveal cultures of suffering in North Aceh. It is argued that fear as a collective emotion takes different shapes across time and serves different political scenarios. Dispossession of land and under-remunerated work appear on the scene; the film’s feminine characters’ positive look to the future appears as an active effort of elaboration of the evolving context. The film Aceh, After is on free access at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SR89korhLwQ.
Inhabiting Working Sites and Being Safe
Authors: Tabacco Giacomo
Published: July 2022

In this paper, I will analyse how a household of “factory returnees” and a “factory family”, who were directly exposed to the processes of industrialization and de-industrialization in Indonesia, appropriate labor, infrastructures and globalization. I will explore how this generation of factory workers have developed their way to stay afloat during the post-industrial, pandemic and possibly post-pandemic context.
Religious Literacy as Religion Literacy: A Response from the UK
Authors: Robertson David G.
Published: July 2022

This response builds on Wolfart’s observations on the theological underpinnings of the “religious literacy” paradigm in a North American context by reflecting on the situation in the United Kingdom. Here, it is even more apparent that institutional factors are a bigger driver than methodological factors, driven by the neo-liberalisation of the universities and the entrenched institutional dominance of confessional approaches to the study of religion. Yet it also provides a way for social-scientific scholars of religion to explain the instrumental value of the subject to policymakers and funding bodies. I conclude by sketching an approach to religious literacy more in keeping with post-phenomenological Religious Studies.
Marine Scientific Research and Small Island Developing States in the Twenty-First Century: Appraising the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
Authors: Coelho Luciana Fernandes
Published: July 2022

Fitness for purpose of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) in the twenty-first century has been at the core of legal and political discussions. Such an inquiry is pertinent for small island developing States (SIDS), which have experienced first-hand the consequences of anthropogenic disturbances on the ocean. This study examines whether the provisions governing marine scientific research (MSR) in the LOSC provide mechanisms to strengthen SIDS scientific and technological capacities. It is suggested that the framework governing MSR seeks to promote fair and equitable benefit sharing and has rules enabling the time element therein. Accordingly, the consent regimes for MSR, rules on international cooperation, and the framework for the transfer of marine technology could serve the end of enhancing SIDS capacities. This interpretation shifts the avenues of inquiry from a descriptive to an empirical perspective.
The Iraqi Federal Supreme Court on Ownership and Control of Oil in the Kurdistan Region: Decision in Cases No. 69/2012 and 110/2019 of 15 February 2022
Authors: Bälz Kilian
Published: July 2022

In February 2022, the Iraqi Federal Supreme Court (FSC) issued a decision concerning the (controversial) question of whether the Iraqi Kurdistan Region may independently export oil and enter into agreements with international oil companies for the exploration and production of oil in this region. The issue has been in dispute many years between the Iraqi Federal Government and Kurdistan Region, which has the status of a ‘federal region’ under the 2005 Iraqi Constitution. The FSC confirmed the position of the Federal Government that the production of oil in entire Iraq is under the control of the Federal Government and dismissed the Kurdistan Regional Government’s line of argument that all fields developed in the Kurdistan Region after 2005 are subject to Kurdish control. The FSC declared the Kurdistan Oil and Gas Law (2007) unconstitutional, putting the validity of oil contracts between the Kurdistan Regional Government and international oil companies into question.
Rights Consciousness in Hungary and Some Comparative Remarks. Could an Increasing Level of Rights Consciousness Challenge the Autocratic Tradition?
Authors: Fekete Balázs , Bartha Attila , Gajduschek György , Gulya Fruzsina
Published: July 2022

This article addresses the issue of rights consciousness in the context of the Hungarian legal culture. The paper first elaborates the theoretical and conceptual framework, then it describes the research design used for the empirical investigation. The empirical section of the article presents the findings about the Hungarian empirical analysis on rights consciousness with some comparative remarks, and then it reflects on the historically shaped socio-legal embeddedness of rights consciousness patterns in Hungary. In conclusion, the paper points out that the apparent broadening of rights consciousness as a normative pattern may counterbalance the widespread legal alienation rooted in the state Socialist past. Whether this transformation may mitigate the recent autocratic power aspirations is still an open question.
Recognition of the Rights of Taxpayers: Perspectives and Prospects
Authors: Aniyie Ifeanyichukwu Azuka
Published: July 2022

This article evaluates specific powers, policies and processes (which includes the tax refund process, the pay-before-argument rule and the power of substitution) of the Nigerian tax system against the backdrop of the right to property and the right to life enshrined in the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (CFRN). It argues that these rights are infringed on by Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) powers, policies and processes, and it concludes that the recognition of these rights in the course of the administration of the tax system has implications on compliance, revenue and the development of Nigeria.
Syriac Love Charms
Authors: Cherkashina Anna , Lyavdansky Alexey
Published: July 2022

The first part of our inquiry on Syriac love charms was devoted to the recipe-type charms. This article edits four more Syriac love charms, which we attribute to the so-called prayer-type. The special features of this type of Syriac love charms are addressed and compared with that of the recipe-type texts, edited in Part I. The commentary to each text provides philological notes and parallels, both from within and outside of Syriac magical tradition.
Assessing Agency in Colonial Africa: Pan-Africanism as African Agency
Authors: Nunoo Isaac , Adu-Boateng Edward
Published: July 2022

This article critically examines the contributions of Pan-Africanism to the nexus of African agency debate in the broader spectrum of great power-small power relationships, particularly during the era of colonialism. The article puts special emphasis on the colonial empire as a great power and Africa as a small power in the tussle of what was known as the “gunboat diplomacy.” What were the approaches; who were the actors; what were the grand geopolitical strategies employed in exerting influence in the complex relationship between the colonies and the colonialists? Relying on archival records (online), interviews, speeches, and other publications, sifted through the functionalism and neo-functionalism theories, the article contends that the Pan-African thinkers and advocates were significant actors in the fight against European dominance in Africa and provided a gateway for the final nationalist movement and liberation of the continent.
The Social Conundrums of COVID-19 Pandemic and Stringent Lockdown Policy Response: Nigeria in Context
Authors: Shodunke Ali O. , Oladipupo Sodiq A.
Published: July 2022

The global spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created a grave public health crisis, threatened human survival and called for stringent lockdown policy response implementation. Further to the implementation, studies have been provided to explain the response impacts in developed countries with little attention on low and middle-income countries with a large population. The ones which focused on Nigeria were economic-based while paying less attention to social structures that influence development. Therefore, in the form of a documentary review, this paper addressed such academic rarity with an emphasis on poverty and livelihood, employment and workforce, education, human rights, crime and security to understand the situation in Nigeria. It established widespread poverty, crime perpetration, human rights abuse, massive job loss in both formal and informal sectors, disruption in education affecting 40 million students as the social impacts of the lockdown. Therefore, this paper emphasised social security for the general population, incentives to businesses against losses, improvement of the healthcare and education system, monitoring of police officers and reforms in managing future pandemics.
Psychosocial Support and Protection for Refugee and Host Communities in Uganda: A Needs Assessment
Authors: Kugonza Gorret , Mutsvara Shepherd
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Established in 1964 and hosting over 76,000 refugees, Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement in Western Uganda was the focus of this study of existing structures and systems providing for the psychosocial and protection needs of both refugees and host communities.

Methodology: The cross-sectional study with both qualitative and quantitative elements used focus group discussions (fgd s) and in-depth interviews with key informants working with organisations supporting refugees and host communities. Further, an individual household assessment of refugees (n=200) and host communities (n=100) was carried out using a free-listing questionnaire.

Results: The traumatic situations of both refugees and host communities has led to high levels of fear, mood changes, stress and anxiety. This is further compounded by stressful situations such as competition for meagre resources and weak community-based interventions for psychosocial support and protection.

Conclusion: Community resource mobilisation, counselling and mainstreaming psy cho social support through beneficiary participation is warranted. The humanitarian organisations and the Ugandan government need to establish specialised psychosocial support systems and protection strategies aimed at addressing the psychological needs of both communities.
Le Comité africain d’experts sur les droits et le bien-être de l’enfant et le principe de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant
Authors: Abelungu Junior Mumbala
Published: July 2022

The best interest of the child stands as an important and fundamental principle of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. The charter’s content is determined and expanded upon by the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child through its dual status as a monitoring body for the implementation and as the recipient of the principle. The Committee thus contributes to the promotion and protection of children’s rights. It is therefore important, through this study, to try to answer the question: what is the content of the principle of the best interest of the child under the law developed by the Committee? Indeed, by using the doctrinal approach to legal analysis, it has been shown that the Committee understands this principle in three dimensions. First, it is a principle to be guaranteed in any decision or action taken by the state regarding children. Second, it is an obligation imposed on all persons, authorities and officials in relation to children. Finally, it is the primary consideration and the ultimate result to be achieved. In conclusion, the Committee’s approach is a continuation of the content of its General Comment No. 14 on the best interest of the child. This is to be considered a fundamental right, a general principle of interpretation and a procedural rule.
Working “With” or “On” Moroccan Migrant Mothers
Authors: Miri Amal
Published: July 2022

In the context of marriage migration, women are believed to be held back or constrained by their husbands, family and religion from integrating and partaking in (regular) citizenship and Dutch courses, which denies their agency as both wives and citizens. Additionally, their personal choice to become mothers is believed to exacerbate their position as passive citizens: becoming a mother supposedly leaves little time to invest in integration courses, especially since day-care services are an important threshold. As these representations and policies are often not based on rigorous research that consults these migrant women, this research aims to fill this gap by bringing together the gendered representations and policy views on marriage migration, and lived experiences and desires as articulated by migrant women themselves. Another aim is to find out how exactly Moroccan migrant women navigate these structures as affective migrant mothers, and the role of religion in this.
Sociocultural and Economic Rights, Education, and the Media in the Context of European Minorities—International Developments in 2020
Authors: Riekkinen Mariya
Published: July 2022

This contribution accounts for the key 2020 international developments related to social inclusion, economic and cultural rights, education and issues concerning media in the context of European minorities. Among the most significant advancements are the recognition of the associative element of the right to peaceful assembly in General Comment No. 37 to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; and clarification the scope of positive obligations in two European Court of Human Rights cases, those of Adám and others v. Romania concerning education in minority languages and of Hudorovič and others v. Slovenia related to accessing fresh water and sanitation by minority communities. No less significant is the speeding up of the process of elaborating a concrete definition of ‘a minority’ by the UN Special Rapporteur on Minority Issues.
Sami Land Rights
Authors: Allard Christina
Published: July 2022

The Indigenous Sami people traditionally live in what is now Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Russia. A crucial matter for Indigenous peoples, including the Sami living in Sweden, is that of the recognition of their land rights and access to their traditional lands. This article’s aim is to present and analyse recent case law developments in Sweden that relate to the recognition and protection of Sami land rights, specifically the Girjas and Talma cases, through legal-scientific and textual analyses and relevant legal literature. Both cases concern Sami reindeer herding rights in Sweden and the Swedish state as defendant. These cases raise complex legal issues and historical circumstances, demonstrating the need for the Swedish state to treat Sami land rights as equal to other civil rights in Swedish society, in line with international human rights law.
Global Blockchain-Based Trade Finance Solutions: Analysis of Governance Models and Impact on Local Laws in Six Jurisdictions
Authors: Truby Jon , Dahdal Andrew , Caudevilla Oriol
Published: July 2022

Despite the economic importance of trade finance in commercial trade, the fundamentals of trade finance have not dramatically changed for centuries. Most of the transactions continue to be largely paper-based and counterparties still face many of the same risks, obstacles and challenges they did when the Spanish empire ruled the seas. The use of blockchain can address many of these inefficiencies and reduce the friction encountered by sme s using trade finance arrangements to access global markets. This article sets out the main advantages of using blockchain-based trade finance solutions in order to explore the legal developments in a cross section of six jurisdictions with differing approaches (USA, UK, Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong and Qatar). The paper concludes that legal reforms have an important role in assisting the introduction of blockchain into trade finance. Moreover, such an introduction will greatly benefit the economic prospects of sme s seeking to reach transnational markets.
Deciding Matters of General Public Importance in South African Law: Guidance from the United Kingdom Supreme Court
Authors: Nkoane Paul
Published: July 2022

The South African Constitutional Court is now conferred with the authority to decide matters of general public importance. Of course, the mere statement that the highest court should assume the authority to decide broad public matters does not assist litigants to fully understand which matters may be appealed to that court. Similarly, the Constitutional Court cannot accept appeals without consideration of its new appellate jurisdiction. The court should accept appeals with proper regard of its appellate jurisdiction; otherwise the extension of its jurisdiction could be rendered meaningless. The term “matters of general public importance” is rather novel in South African law; thus it is quite difficult to frame exactly what is implied by the term within the South African context. This article undertakes a comparative study to assess the term. A perusal of the jurisdiction of the United Kingdom Supreme Court may perhaps elucidate what is meant by the words “matters of general public importance”.
Human Rights Implications of Stroke Biobanking and Genomics Research in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Adigun Muyiwa , Ojebuyi Babatunde Raphael , Akinyemi Joshua , Wahab Kolawole , Akpalu Albert , Sarfo Fred S. , Owolabi Lukman F. , Musbahu Rabiu , Bello Abiodun , Obiako Reginald , Ogunronbi Mayowa , Singh Arti , Nichols Michelle , Jenkins Carolyn , Jegede Ayodele , Kalaria Rajesh , Owolabi Mayowa , Ovbiagele Bruce , Arulogun Oyedunni , Akinyemi Rufus
Published: July 2022

Stroke is a major cause of death in Sub-Saharan Africa (ssa) and genetic factors appear to play a part in its pathogenesis. This led to the development of stroke biobanking and genomics research in ssa. Existing stroke studies have focused on causes, incidence rates, fatalities and effects. However, scant attention has been paid to the legal issues about stroke biobanking and genomics research in the sub-region. Therefore, this article examines the legal implications of stroke biobanking and genomics research in Sub-Saharan Africa from a human rights perspective. The study argues that the right to dignity of the human person, the right to privacy, the right to freedom of information, the right to freedom from discrimination, the right to own property, the right to self-determination and the right to health may be implicated. The study concludes that the court may have to be involved in balancing one right against the other which may prove somewhat herculean depending on the circumstances of each case.
Size and Quality of Drawings Made by Adults Under Visual and Haptic Control
Authors: Szubielska Magdalena , Augustynowicz Paweł , Picard Delphine
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was twofold. First, our objective was to test the influence of an object’s actual size (size rank) on the drawn size of the depicted object. We tested the canonical size effect (i.e., drawing objects larger in the physical world as larger) in four drawing conditions — two perceptual conditions (blindfolded or sighted) crossed with two materials (paper or special foil for producing embossed drawings). Second, we investigated whether drawing quality (we analysed both the local and global criteria of quality) depends on drawing conditions. We predicted that drawing quality, unlike drawing size, would vary according to drawing conditions — namely, being higher when foil than paper was used for drawing production in the blindfolded condition. We tested these hypotheses with young adults who repeatedly drew eight different familiar objects (differentiated by size in the real world) in four drawing conditions. As expected, drawn size increased linearly with increasing size rank, whatever the drawing condition, thus replicating the canonical size effect and showing that this effect was not dependent on drawing conditions. In line with our hypothesis, in the blindfolded condition drawing quality was better when foil rather than paper was used, suggesting a benefit from haptic feedback on the trace produced. Besides, the quality of drawings produced was still higher in the sighted than the blindfolded condition. In conclusion, canonical size is present under different drawing conditions regardless of whether sight is involved or not, while perceptual control increases drawing quality in adults.
Influence of Red Alder Competition on Cambial Phenology and Latewood Formation in Douglas-Fir
Authors: Grotta A.T. , Gartner B.L. , Radosevich S.R. , Huso M.
Published: July 2022

To better understand the influence of competition on wood formation and wood quality in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco), patterns of cambial growth and latewood production were examined for one growing season in 15-year-old plantations with similar densities but differing Douglas-fir/red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) ratios. The treatments consisted of plots having different proportions of Douglas-fir vs. red alder, different red alder planting dates, and one of two total planting densities. Cambial growth was tracked using the pinning method. Cambial activity in most trees began between May 12 and May 23, and ended between August 27 and September 10. Mean date of transition to latewood was July 6. In the treatment with the highest mean red alder basal area, Douglas- fir trees began radial growth later and ended earlier in the year than those in pure Douglas-fir stands. There was no evident effect of competition from red alder on the duration of cambial activity in treatments with intermediate to low red alder basal areas. In all treatments, the duration of radial growth was shorter in smaller-diameter trees. Early transition to latewood production was also associated with higher red alder basal area. Percent latewood was unaffected by treatment, but it was dependent on the date of a treeʼs transition to latewood production.
Before: Unimodal Linguistics, After: Multimodal Linguistics. A Parallel Architecture Account of a Multimodal Construction
Authors: Schilperoord Joost , Cohn Neil
Published: July 2022

This paper adopts a construction-grammar approach to multimodal meaning. We provide a detailed analysis of the Before-After-construction used frequently in advertisements, cartoons and Internet memes. We demonstrate that parts of its generic ‘caused-change’ meaning is compositional, and rendered independently from what is overtly expressed by concrete instances of the pattern. The latter hence build on an abstract multimodal construction whose form elements are paired idiosyncratically with meaning, just like linguistic constructions proper. We show that non-standard instances of the Before-After-construction represent deviations based on a systematized standard Before-After-construction. Finally, we argue that the Before-After-construction belongs to a broader inheritance hierarchy of two-image multimodal construction types, while also providing one amongst several options to convey caused-change. Altogether, we demonstrate that multimodal expressions instantiate similar properties as unimodal expressions both across form and meaning.
Roman Imperial Portraits Dataset (ripd)
Authors: Heijnen Sam , Hekster Olivier , Hermsen Thijs
Published: July 2022

Portraits of the Roman emperors have been a focal point in the study of the ancient world. However, questions on how this medium developed over time and/or how perceptions of the emperor changed over more than four centuries of imperial rule, are constrained by the availability and accessibility of the material. This article introduces the Roman Imperial Portraits Dataset (ripd) to allow researchers to study the portraiture of Roman emperors through a more quantitative approach (Heijnen & Hekster, 2021). The dataset has systematically brought together more than 2,100 extant (i.e. published) portraits of the Roman emperors into a single dataset that can be used for further study. The article also introduces a web application with the aim to allow researchers and interested parties to work with the data(set) in an user-friendly manner.
Accountable for a Lifetime: Reforms in Prosecutorial Accountability in China
Authors: Mou Yu
Published: July 2022

The judicial accountability reform in China introduced the concept of lifelong accountability, which requires prosecutors to be responsible for the cases they handle by tying their reputation and career prospects to the quality of the cases, regardless of whether they still hold those positions. To explain this lifelong accountability, this article analyzes key issues surrounding prosecutorial accountability in the Chinese context, critically examining the accountability system before the reform and the transformations brought about by the new accountability regime. It argues that although lifelong accountability is expected to be a deterrent to prosecutorial misconduct, the feasibility of the accountability mechanism is subject to doubt. The reform tries to form collective responsibility, enabling frontline prosecutors to exercise greater autonomy. However, it has not led to a paradigm shift from the predominantly bureaucratic model to prosecutorial professionalism, which demonstrates profound distrust in the prosecutor’s judgment at a fundamental level.
‘It’s Backdoor Accessibility’: Disabled Students’ Navigation of University Campus
Authors: Wertans Emily , Burch Leah
Published: July 2022

This article shares disabled students’ experiences of ableism, discrimination, and exclusion while navigating university life. Drawing upon these experiences, we argue that many of the ordinary systems and assumptions that govern university life often materialise as barriers for disabled students. Introducing the concept of ‘backdoor accessibility,’ this paper examines exclusionary practices and systemic ableism to propose that disabled students are routinely offered a lesser quality service that is argued to be ‘better than nothing.’ In order to navigate these barriers, many students reported the additional expenditure of time, resources and energy. In this article, we explore these barriers and strategies within the framework of affect theory and pay attention to the diverse ways that university life can limit or enhance the affective possibility of disabled students. In conclusion, this article makes some recommendations as suggested by disabled students as potential avenues to overcome disabling structures in higher education.
Youth Goals? Youth Agency and the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Orsini Amandine
Published: July 2022

Youth participated in the negotiations for the Sustainable Development Goals (sdg s) as an official United Nations constituency. And yet, so far, there has been no study of their participation in these negotiations. This is even more surprising given that the 2015 sdg s are now under their review stage just as youth are emerging, through protests, as key players in sustainable development governance. In order to improve knowledge of youth as global actors, this article embraces an innovative ‘youth agency’ perspective in global politics. Borrowing from youth studies, such a perspective relies on three research questions, on the (i) identity of youth actors, (ii) their claims, and (iii) their impact at the global level. Methodologically, the article mostly relies on a qualitative assessment of youth experiences in negotiation processes through interviews of youth actors. It reveals the subjectivities of youth identity at the global level and the limits of their achievements within formal negotiation processes.
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Implications of Netflix’s Venture into Nollywood Seen From a Local Audience Perspective
Authors: Omoera Osakue Stevenson , Ojieson Silver Abhulimhen
Published: July 2022

Within the last decade alone different distribution platforms have emerged in the Nigerian movie industry. One of the most notable and potent among these is Netflix. Employing Disruptive Innovation Theory (dit) as notional scaffolding, this article uses key informant interviews (kii) and focus group discussions (fgd) to examine what Netflix’s engagement in Nollywood means in terms of the viability of other distribution outlets. It investigates the ‘good, the bad and the ugly’ sides of the Nollywood-Netflix relationship from the Nigerian audience perspective to give an understanding that can contribute to Nollywood’s healthy expansion. The study argues that the emergence of Netflix leaves many Nollywood content creators (ncc s) begging for acceptance when their content is adjudged inconsequential. This must be creatively challenged and negotiated through ncc s and distributors using available technologies to improve production values, set up and collaboratively operate multiple online distribution platforms for the Nigerian audience’s satisfaction.
Who Has the More Favorable Impression of Christianity in Contemporary China?
Authors: Li Feng , Cao Meng
Published: July 2022

In the past, Christianity has been characterized in China as a “foreign religion” related to imperialism; today, Christianity is developing rapidly. What is the general public’s attitude to Christianity now? Based on data of the 2015 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), this paper analyzes differences between groups that have favorable impressions of Christianity and seeks to understand them. The results show that: in contemporary Chinese society, a favorable attitude towards Christianity is still in the minority, much lower than Buddhism, but higher than Taoism and Islam; in terms of who showed favorable attitudes to which religions, Christian believers are more likely to have favorable impressions of Christianity than other believers, women more likely than men, the rural population more likely than the urban population, those born since 1980 more likely than their predecessors, and there is no significant difference among those from different educational backgrounds and classes.