bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Persian Version of the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale in Iranian Population: A Methodological Study
Authors: Ghaderi Fariba , Amirshakeri Bahram , Adigozali Hakimeh , Havaei Naser
Published: April 2023

Background: Adherence to exercise is the degree to which an individual's behavior conforms to the agreed recommendations of healthcare providers. Objectives: This study was done to translate and validate the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS) in the Iranian population. Methods: A total of 160 patients with musculoskeletal pain participated in this methodological and cross-sectional study. At first, the English version of EARS was translated into the Persian language. The translation process was applied in a forward and backward fashion by four native Persian speakers based on international guidelines. Content validity [content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI)], construct validity [exploratory factor analysis (EFA)], test-retest reliability, and internal consistency of the Persian version of the EARS were assessed. Results: The results showed that the Persian version of EARS is contently valid (CVR: 0.6 - 1, CVI: 0.8 - 1). Principal axis factoring for construct validity showed that the EARS items loaded to one component (adherence behavior: variance = 67.76%, adherence/non-adherence reasons: variance = 61.88%). Test-retest reliability analysis showed good to excellent reproducibility (0.88 - 1). The internal consistency of the translated questionnaire was in good ranges (0.7 - 0.74). Conclusions: The translated version of EARS is a reliable and valid measure to assess exercise adherence. Our study results have implications for conducting comparative studies and clinical trials in the Iranian people who need home-based exercises.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECTS BY FOREIGN ARCHITECTS IN KAZAKHSTAN: IN SEARCH OF REGIONAL AUTHENTICITY
Authors:   Kazakh Leading Civil Construction Academy, Almaty, Kazakhstan, ABDRASSILOVA G. , MURZAGALIYEVA E.
Published: April 2023

Changes in the world policy and economy in the late 20th century, namely the collapse of USSR, emergence of new independent states, decline of confrontation between countries with differing socio-political order, technological progress in the field of IT, all contributed to rapid convergence, integration of world science and technology. Simultaneously in the world the processes of searching for political, historical, national, cultural and other identities have become topical. In the conditions of globalization, it is the regional identity that is scrutinized as an effective mechanism which is capable of uniting people, encouraging them to collaborative actions. Regional identity is a socio-cultural construction that appears depending on socio-economical and political circumstances in a specific historical period and expresses the position of the regional community. Regional self-identification is directed towards search of ways for self-preservation of regional unity. In contemporary Kazakhstan in the course of forming new regional strategy in economical, political and cultural-ideological spheres most actively regional identification tendencies are demonstrated in architecture. In order to position the image of Kazakhstan on the world arena as modern, dynamically developed country, the state's government has adopted a decision: for purposes of designing country capital's construction sites to draw renowned foreign architects along with Kazakhstani specialists. In 20 years of constructing in the new capital local and foreign architects have implemented dozens of projects that embraced local traditions and global trends in architecture and became cultural brands of Kazakhstan. Notwithstanding doubts that foreign architects shall not account for regional characteristics of Kazakhstan, their projects convey relevant ideas while adapting to modern realities of our country and speeding progressive technological and artistical-creative tendencies. From one side, collaboration with world-level experts pays its dividends in the form of introducing new technology of construction into local practice. From the other side, the look of "alien" culture ambassador on the architecture of Kazakhstan, combination in real practice of versatile solutions with creative interpretation of regional features is an interesting problem that requires analysis and thought. It can be stated that in 20 years of building the new capital the architecture of Astana has become a unique laboratory of modern regional architecture of Kazakhstan. Major roles in this act have been played by foreign architects, the authors of unique objects designed in Astana - Kisho Kurokawa, Norman Foster, Manfredi Nicoletti and others. The purpose of the article is to prove the thesis on the value of integrating foreign experience for comprehension of regional identity in the architecture of Kazakhstan.
URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF MEZZO - SPACES IN THE CENTRAL PART OF VOLOGDA
Authors:   Moscow Architectural Institute, KRASHENINNIKOV A. , DMITRIEVA L.
Published: April 2023

The development of the historic center of Vologda interconnected with many problems, one of it is the practical use of the public space. According to the proposed concept, of socio-spatial analysis, called Cognitive Urbanism can be used as a method for architectural design of vibrant, recognizable, prestigious built environment of the city of Vologda Approbation of cognitive models of the built environment can be considered as a contribution to the fundamental theory of Architectural Space. In Urban Design Practice the use of cognitive models provides the easy systemization of guidelines and methods for renovating of public space in the historical center of the city. According to the proposed concept, center "Mezzo-space" of built environment compile a single system that provides meaningful, convenient and comfortable functioning of public spaces in the central part of Vologda.
IMPACT OF THE GREEN AND TRANSPORT FRAMEWORK ON PLANNING OF RECREATIONAL ZONES IN URBAN AREA CASE OF BAKU CITY
Authors:   Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, SOKRAT N.
Published: April 2023

The organization in the large city of vacation spots, their scale and placement often depends on natural structural opportunities of the area. However, the urban processes of the city, their architectural-planning and transport structure representing a framework of its borders are of great importance. The natural components of the city which form and substantiate chosen as options of the organization of small recreation areas are described in this article. In this regard, the role of not only the transport frame, ensuring the availability and safety of such places of recreation, but also pedestrian zones, which cover all parts of the Central part of the city, is highlighted. As its could be seen, in that case, multifunctional elements of the urban landscape at the same time can be used, and actually, among the types of small recreational areas in the Central part of the city of Baku, the most common are urban squares. Although these green gardens are small, but they perform a variety of (recreational landscape, transport and communication) functions. In addition, these zones able to include artificially created microenvironment complexes located within the areas in front of showcases and technologically equipped winter gardens on the roofs of high-rise buildings are providing short-term services. Thus, we have opened several approaches to the organization of recreational areas in the current conditions of the historical city of Baku.
COMPATIBILITY OF THE PASSIVE URBAN DESIGN IN CONTEXT OF THE MICRO SCALE FOR COLD CLIMATE CASE STUDY ARDABIL CITY
Authors:   Parsabad Moghan Branch, Islamic Azad University Parsabad, GHOJEHBEIGLOU N.
Published: April 2023

In this paper, in order to ensure the comfort of the building, the solar passive urban form design (model) is presented using the energy consumption analyses method for the cold climate of Ardabil city. The importance of applying structural models and related costs has made it more sensitive to the use of software methods and models. The main reason for this sensitivity is the ability to understand the emotional and conceptual differences and concepts of comfort components from the perspective of experts from different fields and individuals with different geographic and cultural characteristics. Most of the previous design methods, relative to the climatic characteristics of the city, the general approach, the comfort components, did not actually play a very role in the design and structure. In other words, due to the comfort (thermal, refrigeration, ventilation and others) was considered a post-construction category, so it was not necessary to consider the pre-construction, evaluation of the quality of the operation and the manner in which comfort was experienced (operating period) and energy consumption. However, the proposed strategy of non-active solar micro urban form, with support of HEED software and the use of “the Climate Consultant” plugin as a complementary micro-climatic features, discover several factors: of defining the future comfortable conditions, for the building structure the smart planning of architectural components as a size or position of openings, materials specification: predictable operation for designers. The proposed model makes use of energy standards with real time comparing of energy consumption in the residential area and in fact in certain city zoning. The amount of consumption load as well as the cost-effectiveness of the energy indicate opportunity to saving energy in proposed project, before the construction begin. The achievement of the present report, based on descriptive analytic is The Solar Passive House Design (with 2 Energy Saving Patterns), which is introduced as a final result.
Momordica balsamina L.: An unexploited vegetable crop rich in medicinal and nutritional properties
Authors: Choudhary BR , Berwal MK , Ram Hanuman , Choudhary MK , Singh Dhurendra
Published: April 2023

African pumpkin (Momordica balsamina L.) is a tendrilled, wild-type vine plant with a wide range of therapeutic and nutritional properties that has been used as a conventional medicament in many countries. Alkaloids, resins, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycoside, steroids and terpenes are found in the plant's fruits, seeds, leaves and bark, and they have varied medicinal properties viz., anti-bacterial, anti-diarrheal, anti-plasmodial, anti-septic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, analgesic, and hepatoprotective activities. 'Momordin,' a therapeutic agent, can stop HIV and other viruses from multiplying. The leaves are also a good source of nutrients because they contain 17 amino acids and minerals like potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, zinc, manganese, and iron. It also aids in the fight against soil micronutrient deficiencies and high protein and fat content with low fibre content. High potassium content is an excellent source for controlling hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders. This plant may be a protein supplement for poor rural people's cereal-based diets. The medicinal and nutritional value of this wild herb for health care management is discussed in this review.
Effect of GA3 and NAA on yield and benefit: cost ratio of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. Chandler under the open condition of Manipur
Authors: Singh Alok , Singh RK Dilip , Piloo Ng , Singh NO , Devi NS , Singh SR
Published: April 2023

The present experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur during the session 2021-22. It was Entitled as the effect of GA3 and NAA on yield and benefit: cost ratio of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. Chandler under open conditions of Manipur. The experiments plot was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replication and nine treatments with the combination of GA3 and NAA viz., T1 (Control), T2 (GA3 25 ppm), T3 (GA3 50 ppm), T4 (GA3 75 ppm), T5 (GA3 100 ppm), T6 (NAA 25 ppm), T7 (NAA 50 ppm), T8 (NAA 75 ppm) and T9 (NAA 100 ppm), the treatment GA3 @ 75 ppm was found maximum concerning several fruits, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit volume, specific gravity, harvesting duration, yield and B: C ratio as compared with other treatments and the minimum was recorded in control. Hence, it is concluded that treatment T4 (GA3 75 ppm) positively impacts yield and benefit: cost ratio of strawberry cv. Chandler under open conditions of Manipur.
Evaluation of potato genotypes against early blight (Alternaria alternata) of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Meena PK , Yadav DL
Published: April 2023

Early blight (Alternaria alternata) of the potato is the most destructive disease in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Natural epidemics of early blight are strongly influenced by environmental conditions, even though severe disease appears every year in northern India. Twenty-eight genotypes were used in this study to differentiate between early blight resistance and susceptible genotypes selected to represent a range of reactions when screened field conditions. Out of twenty-eight genotypes/varieties, six genotypes viz., CP-3021, 3153, Atlantic, Chip-3, Jx-161 and MS/78-62 showed a resistant reaction. While thirteen genotypes were moderately resistant. However, six genotypes were susceptible while three genotypes were highly susceptible. Resistant varieties can be the simplest, effective and economical method of plant disease control. The use of resistant varieties cannot only ensure protection against diseases but also save the time, energy and money spent on other control methods.
Diversity, abundance and foraging behaviour of pollinators in early sown rapeseed-mustard genotypes
Authors: Poonam  , Yadav S , Jat MK , Yadav SS , Kumar Harish
Published: April 2023

A study was carried out on the diversity, abundance and foraging behaviour of pollinators in early sown rapeseed-mustard genotypes through observing a total of 17 insect species visited flowers of early sown genotypes viz., 9 Hymenopterans, 3 Dipterans, 4 Lepidopterans, and 1 Coleopteran. The abundance (bees/m2/5 min) of A. florea was highest (8.5) followed by A. mellifera (3.9), A. dorsata (3.6) and A. cerana (3.1). The abundance of bee species was maximum (5.6 bees/m2/5 min) in genotypes TH 68 and SANGAM. A. cerana foraged a maximum number of flowers per minute (18.20) followed by A. dorsata (17.57), A. mellifera (17.32) and A. florea (6.45). The foraging rate (flowers/min) of all bee species was maximum (14.98 and 14.90) in genotypes TH 68 and SANGAM. Time spent per flower (sec) was maximum (5.3) by A. florea followed by A. dorsata (1.7), A. mellifera (1.6) and A. cerana indica (1.3). The maximum time spent per flower by all bee species (2.6) was in genotype PDZ 9. Nectar or pollen gatherers were maximum in A. dorsata (37.8% and 25.6%, respectively), while both nectar and pollen gatherers were maximum in A. cerana (45.3%). Nectar foraging, pollen foraging and both nectar and pollen foraging were maximum at peak flowering (36.0%), peak flowering (23.8%) and flowering cessation (42.9%), respectively. Out of the total foragers, top workers were maximum in A. dorsata (97.8%), while side workers were maximum in A. florea (41.0%).
Eco-friendly organic management of rust red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) under stored conditions
Authors: Singh KI , Sekar GC , Singh Th R , Haldhar SM , Singh TR , Devi KL , Devi PS , Devi CS
Published: April 2023

The results showed that neem leaf powder was the most effective treatment with a record of the highest mean adult mortality of 67.22 per cent and also exhibited the lowest weight loss of 0.67 per cent after 60 days of treatment. It was followed by powders of Eucalyptus (58.89% & 0.87%) and Tulsi (51.11% & 0.80%). The least effectiveness of turmeric rhizome powder against the pest recording minimum adult mortality and maximum weight loss of 30.56% and 1.07% per cent respectively was noticed control against adult mortality (30.56 %), grain weight loss and adult emergence owing to T. castaneum. As a result, 1.5 g/100 g of grains of neem leaf powder can be recommended as a safe control method against T. castaneum in stored wheat. The overall mean adult mortality of T. castaneum in fenvalerate was 72.78 per cent. When it came to treating T. castneum with some inert materials, boric acid treatment was the most effective showed the 100 percent adult mortality, followed by coal ash (71.67 %) and cow dung ash (63.33 %) after 5 days of storage. There was minimum grain weight loss and least adult emergence was recorded in the treatment of coal ash and cow dung ash. Whereas sawdust resulted in the least effective treatment with mean adult mortality of (35.56 %), there was maximum adult emergence seen.
Impact through a front-line demonstration on yield and economics of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) in arid Kachchh of Gujarat
Authors: Ramniwas  , Kanwat M , Jat SR
Published: April 2023

It is customary in India to offer fennel seeds after a meal and eating fennel seeds after a meal is considered a healthy practice, primarily because of its ability to keep the digestive system healthy. Seed spices played an important role in the Indian economy under agricultural commodities for a long time. Front frontline demonstrations (FLDs) on Fennel were organized by ICAR-CAZRI, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kukma, Bhuj in different villages of Anjar and Bhuj Talukas of Kachchh from 2019-20 to 2021-22. The high-yielding variety Gujarat Fennel-12 was evaluated at the farmer’s field under the front line demonstration programme (FLDs). A total of 60 demonstrations were conducted in 24 ha area at farmer’s fields against farmer’s practice in arid Kachchh of Gujarat. The average seed yield under improved practice was 2160 kg ha–1 compared to the farmer’s practice (1770 kg ha–1) and increased significantly by 22.08% on average over the farmer’s practice output. The average extension gap, technology gap and technology index were 390.00 kg ha-1, 240.00 kg ha-1 and 10.00%, respectively. Through adopting improved practices, farmers get additional average returns of Rs.22562 ha-1. During this period the extension activities like farmer’s training, distribution of literature, diagnostic visits etc. were taken to provide instant benefit to the farmers. Frontline demonstrations programme created greater awareness, attitude and skill to adopt improved practices of Fennel and therefore, increased their production and economics.
Microplastics: Devastation and destination in aquatic ecosystem
Authors: Kumari Shanta , Chauhan Chetan
Published: April 2023

Plastic pollution is a major global issue due to its non-biodegradability and persistence in nature. Plastics take thousands of years to degrade and can be converted into microplastics which are very harmful to all living biota due to their extensively small size (≤ 0.5 mm). Even though microplastics are not completely separated during wastewater treatment in plants (WWTPs). MPs are converted from highly stable and different kinds of polymers like polystyrene, polyethylene, etc., and radically distributed across the globe including the Arctic and Polar regions which fascinate scientists and researchers in addressing the issue. Due to the microscopic dimension of plastics, MPs has been entering through various pathways into the food webs of various aquatic fauna and indirectly or directly affecting the ecosystem including human health. Therefore, MPs are an inevitable and emerging threat especially for the aquatic ecosystems. This review discusses briefly the types, sources, chemical properties, and effects of MPs on aquatic biota.
Identification of early maturing and leaf determinate growth habit type accessions of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub.)
Authors: Singh K , Meena VS , Shekhawat N , Mahla HR , Krishnan S G , Gupta V
Published: April 2023

Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub.), commonly known as guar, is a member of the family Papilionaceae, cultivated in the Indian Sub-continent since time immemorial. It is a drought-hardy leguminous annual crop used variously for vegetables, forage and green manure. There is tremendous variability available in Indian cluster bean germplasm. Genetic resources with their enormous variability for different characters provide the base for the improvement of crop plants. Within genetic resources, genetic stocks are expected to play a major role in future crop improvement programmes. One promising unbranched, single-stemmed and flower determinate growth habit bearing accession IC-140784P1, developed through single plant selection at ICAR-NBPGR Regional Station Jodhpur starts flowering at 23 days after sowing and flowers 50% at 32 days after sowing. This accession does mature only 82 days after sowing. These accessions mature about 10-15 days early compared to normal existing improved cultivars, which take 90-95 days for maturity. Another accession IC 569315 has been characterized as leaf determinate (in which the stem terminates into the leaf) with alternate cluster-bearing habit. The majority of the cluster bean crop is grown under rainfed conditions in the drier parts of the country. Therefore, maturity is an important trait, especially for cluster bean.
Economic analysis of different rice cultivars against major biotic stresses
Authors: Kasniya PK , Singh M , Singh A
Published: April 2023

The on-farm trials during kharif 2017 and 2018 were conducted to study the prevalence of major biotic stresses and benefit-cost ratio on popularly grown rice cultivars. The results revealed that non-significant variations were noticed between cultivars on the incidence of leaf folder damage, BPH & WBPH populations and severity of sheath blight disease in the stipulated period. However, the variation observed in these biotic stresses is due to the maturity period of cultivars. The long-duration cultivars result in more shelter from insects and disease due to the dense crop canopy and take more days to maturity as compared to medium-short duration cultivars. It was also found that cultivating long-duration cultivars viz; Pusa 44 and Pili Pusa gave the highest yield with a low benefit-cost ratio as compared to medium-short duration cultivars like PR 121, PR 122, and PR 126. Our study concluded that the cultivation of medium-short duration cultivars is more profitable due to the low cost of production, less use of chemical inputs and lesser requirement of irrigation water.
Effect of sources of kusum (Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken) seed, its size and tree attributes on seed quality and seed germination
Authors: Ghosal Soumen
Published: April 2023

Kusum tree is considered to be the best lac host and is distributed throughout the country. The germination of kusum seeds is very much erratic. To through light on this erratic behavior, three experiments were conducted in Randomized Block Design on different aspects of seed germination and viability during 2014-18. It was found that higher seed viability test weight (61 g) and healthy seeds with lesser discolored/ infected seed per cent (40.1) were found in the year having higher rainfall (i.e. 2014 receiving 844 mm rainfall) during the growth and development period of fruits. Thus 104 mm higher rainfall could increase test weight 36 per cent and produce 47 per cent lesser infected seeds. Diurnal variation in temperature impacted quality seed production. Experimental findings also suggested that when seed weight was more than 700 mg, it performed better with higher germination per cent (13 and 46 per cent, respectively). Experimentation also suggested that better quality of Kusum seeds can be obtained from trees having higher ranges of tree exposure to sunshine (40-90 per cent), higher branch length (2.9-6.1 m) and several consecutive unpruned seasons (3.6-8.8).
Nutritional aspects of an edible insect, Coridius sp. (Hemiptera: Dinidoridae) of Manipur
Authors: Thounaojam S , Singh KM , Shantibala T , Haldhar SM , Singh KI
Published: April 2023

The nutritional and antinutritional aspects of Coridius sp. revealed high protein (36.5%), lipids (38.7 %) and fibre (8.7 %) content. The total energy of available carbohydrates, protein, and fat was provided about 494.4 kcal/100 g of energy. Out of the micro-nutrient compositions, iron, potassium and calcium are the most prominent minerals observed in the edible bug which can be used as supplementary food to human diets. IC50 % of 0.363 mg/ml indicates higher than the standard value of ascorbic acid. Low values of antinutritional elements like phenol (25.3 mg/g) and tannin (31.2 mg/g) content showed non-toxic. The insect is found to sell in large quantities in the local market of Manipur. The edible insects provide economic support, nutritive values, food security and environmental management.
Identification and characterization of CAT1 gene during drought stress in moth bean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal]
Authors: Manoj Kumar Meena  , Ishani Dogra  , Yemmanur Sudarsan  , Anil Kumar Sharma  , Dhurendra Singh  , Vikas Sharma  , Chet Ram
Published: April 2023

Moth bean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal] is a drought hardy orphan pulse crop. However, the information related to the identification and characterization of drought stress tolerance genes is very limited. Therefore, the present investigation was formulated to identified and characterized drought tolerant gene(s) from moth bean. Five genes were selected from available expression studies of moth bean and their expression pattern was assessed during time course experiment of drought stress in moth bean. During the time course experiment of drought stress in moth bean, the catalase1 (CAT1) gene was exponentially expressed in up-regulated manner. Thus, CAT1 gene of moth bean was identified as potential candidate gene and validated through Sanger’s sequencing. The genomic sequence CAT1 gene was named as VacoCAT1 and was further characterized using various bioinformatics tools. The VacoCAT1 showed an ORF with incomplete length of 213 bp which encoded 71 amino acids. The coding sequence of VacoCAT1 gene was shown a single exon due to incomplete nature of genomic sequences. The multiple sequence alignment of VacoCAT1 revealed the highly conserved region at 3’ site of the gene as compared to CAT1 gene of other crop species including legumes. The phylogenetic analysis of VacoCAT1 and CAT1 gene of other crop species including legumes revealed three clusters. The cluster VacoCAT1 gene showed close proximity with V. radiata CAT1 in cluster one of phylogenetic tree. The identified and characterized VacoCAT1 gene can be utilized as a genomic resource for enhance drought tolerance in susceptible pulses as well as other crops.
Effects of phosphorus application on bunch and spreading genotypes of groundnut
Authors: Nazir Rahmatullah , Sayedi Sayed Ahmad , Zaryal Khalilullah , Khaleeq Khalilullah , Godara Samarth , Bamboriya Shanti D. , Bana R.S.
Published: April 2023

Farm of Afghanistan National Agricultural Sciences and Technology University (ANASTU), Kandahar, Afghanistan to find out most suitable groundnut variety and their phosphorus levels in the study region. The treatments combination was of two groundnut varieties (Kormaki and Paparri) and four levels of phosphorus as P2O5 (P0= 0 kg P2O5 ha-1, P1=40 kg P2O5 ha-1, P2= 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 and P3= 80 kg P2O5 ha-1), were tested in a split plot design. Result revealed that Paparri variety produced significantly higher growth attributes (plant height, dry matter accumulation and number of main branches plant-1) and yield attributes (number of pods plant-1, pods dry weight plant-1, 100 kernel weight and shelling percentage) over Kormaki variety. Likwise, paparri variety produced significantly higher pods yield, kernel yield, haulm yield and biological yield over kormaki variety. In the like manner, significantly higher gross return, net return and benefit cost ratio was recorded from Paparri variety, whereas residual nitrogen was found significantly higher in kormaki variety. Among phosphorus levels, 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 recorded higher values for growth parameters, yield attributes viz. number of pods plant-1, pods weight plant-1, 100 kernel weight and shelling percentage, and yields (including pods yield, kernel yield, haulm yield and biological yield).
Bio-efficacy of new fungicide, Tebuconazole- 430SC against coffee leaf rust disease, Hemileia vastatrix Berk and Broome
Authors: Ranjini AP , Giri MS , Machenahalli S , Sudha M , Daivasikamani S
Published: April 2023

Coffee is an important plantation crop cultivated worldwide and used as stimulating drink. Coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease is one of the devastating disease affecting foliage of Coffee, limiting Coffee production worldwide. It is caused by an obligate parasite Hemileia vastatrix, which reduce photosynthetic area in turn results in heavy defoliation and die-back of branches. In India CLR management is accomplished with one contact fungicide spray (Bordeaux mixture @ 0.5%) and effective systemic fungicide spray during pre and post monsoon periods respectively. However, to find an alternative to the recommended fungicide the studies were conducted to know the efficacy of new fungicide Tebuconazole 430 SC against CLR. The results revealed that, in the laboratory conditions, complete inhibition of the uredospore germination was observed in Tebuconazole 430 SC @ 0.5 ml/L and 0.75 ml/L and Hexaconazole 5 EC @ 2 ml/L. However, in lower concentration Tebuconazole 430 SC @0.25 ml/L there was 98.97 per cent inhibition and in Copper Oxychloride 50 WP @ 5.5 g/L 87.49 per cent inhibition was observed over control. Field trials indicated that, at all the locations, Tebuconazole 430SC @ 0.75ml/L was found very effective which recorded maximum disease reduction followed by Tebuconazole 430SC @ 0.5ml/L which was found on-par with the currently recommended fungicide Hexaconazole 5 EC @ 2 ml/L and minimum disease reduction was observed in Copper oxychloride 50 WP @ 5.5g/L.
Bio-efficacy of ground plant powders on the population of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in stored green gram
Authors: Ushasri B , Singh KI , Haldhar SM , Devi TB , Jidung Lakshmi , Gokulnath R , Singh LNK
Published: April 2023

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the major insect pests of stored grains. Experiment was conducted for studying the efficiency of ground plant materials for management of T. castaneum in stored green gram and effect of plant powders on seed germination in laboratory of Department of Entomology, CoA, CAU, Imphal during the period 2021-2022. Studies on effect of plant powders on management of T. castaneum revealed that Black pepper @ 1.5g/kg seed shows maximum mean adult mortality of 100.00 per cent and Sweet flag @ 1.5g/kg seed shows lowest mean adult mortality of 33.33 per cent. Highest seed damage was recorded in Sweet flag @ 1.5g/kg seed (8.00 per cent) and least was in Black pepper @ 1.5g/kg seed (1.67 per cent). Maximum adult emergence was noted in treatment of Sweet flag @ 1.5g/kg seed (8.00 per cent) and lowest was in China berry @ 1.5g/kg seed (1.33 per cent). Evaluation of germination percentage reveals that minimum germination percentage was recorded in Black pepper @ 1.5g/kg seed (91.33 per cent) and maximum was in Indian wormwood @ 1.5g/kg seed (98.67 per cent) but none of the treatment recorded the percentage below the prescribed germination percentage of green gram. Plant powders offers efficient control of red flour beetle and these are available locally and did not show any adverse on the environment and hence can be recommended as alternatives to the chemical insecticides.
Survey of insect-pests of citrus crop in Eritrea
Authors: Haile A , Mesghena T , Nuredin S , Yemane M
Published: April 2023

Citrus is the main fruit crop in Eritrea with the main citrus species being orange, lemon and mandarin that are produced in 2064, 328 and 17 ha, respectively. The production and productivity of these fruit crops are affected by several pests. Citrus pest survey was conducted in major citrus growing regions of the country with the objectives to assess the type of citrus insect-pests in the different areas, study the natural enemies of the citrus pests and assess the nature of pest damage on the fruit crop. Pest assessments and counts by species were done using hand lenses under field condition and microscope in laboratory. The result of the study showed that citrus is affected by 21 different species of arthropods out of which 19 are insect species and the remaining 2 species are Acarina (mites). The insect pests cause citrus tree damage at different stage and on different parts of the tree such as leaves, stem, fruit and root. Of the 21 species, six are major pest and the remaining 15 species are minor pests. The six important pests are leaf miner, red scale, black scale, fruit fly, whitefly and red spider mites. Leaf miner, fruit fly and red spider mites were observed in all citrus production areas while the remaining three species were recorded in limited areas. Black and red scales incidence and severity were high in Hamelmalo, Elabered, Alla, and Durfo. Fruit fly is the main pest of citrus throughout the fruit producing areas of the country, threatening its production and cause 20-40 percent fruit dropping and rotting.
Mecanismele de consens blockchain
Authors:   MultiMedia, Sfetcu Nicolae
Published: April 2023

În principiu, orice nod din cadrul unei rețele blockchain poate propune adăugarea de informații noi în blockchain. Pentru a valida dacă această adăugare de informații (de exemplu o înregistrare de tranzacție) este legitimă, nodurile trebuie să ajungă la o formă de acord. Aici intră în joc un „mecanism de consens”. Pe scurt, un mecanism de consens este o metodă de validare specifică (criptografică) predefinită care asigură o secvențiere corectă a tranzacțiilor pe blockchain. În cazul criptomonedelor, o astfel de secvențiere este necesară pentru a aborda problema „dublei cheltuieli” (adică problema că același instrument de plată sau activ poate fi transferat de mai multe ori dacă transferurile nu sunt înregistrate și controlate centralizat.
Impact of the pandemic on the behavior of B2C trade in Colombia
Authors: Linares Giraldo Maricel , Rozo Carvajal Karen Julieth , Sáenz López Jessica Tatiana
Published: April 2023

Over the years, the exchange of goods and services between people has changed drastically, as new conditions have been added both in the sale and in the purchase to promote competitiveness between companies. For this reason, this article aimed to revolve around analyzing the aspects related to B2C trade during the Covid-19 pandemic and its effects on Colombian business. The methodology was quantitative and of documentary type. We reviewed information sources from different databases. We selected documents that responded to selection criteria associated with figures, data and analysis on electronic commerce, types of commerce, actors intervening between exchanges, innovation and commercial exchanges, most applied methodologies and tools, productivity improvements, and impact generated in the Colombian economy. The study results indicate that electronic commerce is a tool that has lost relevance for companies. But, the reality imposed by the pandemic favored its relaunch as part of the commercial activity that occurred during and after the pandemic. For this reason, this offers tremendous importance and support for acquiring products, goods and services between producers and consumers.
การประเมินความต้องการเทคโนโลยีพลังงานในภาคอาคารของประเทศไทยเพื่อลดการปล่อยก๊าซเรือนกระจก
Authors:   , นพรัตน์ไชยพร เทพพนม
Published: April 2023

งานวิจัยนี้ศึกษาความต้องการเทคโนโลยีพลังงานในภาคอาคารของประเทศไทยเพื่อลดการปล่อยก๊าซเรือนกระจก โดยจัดลำดับความสำคัญของเทคโนโลยีพลังงานที่เหมาะสม เพื่อนำไปสู่การจัดทำข้อเสนอแนะเชิงนโยบายเกี่ยวกับแนวทางการส่งเสริม สนับสนุนเทคโนโลยีพลังงานที่ช่วยลดการปล่อยก๊าซเรือนกระจกในภาคอาคารของประเทศไทย ซึ่งงานวิจัยนี้ใช้วิธีการวิเคราะห์ทางเลือกจากหลายเกณฑ์ (Multi-Criteria Analysis) โดยกำหนดเกณฑ์ที่ใช้ในการประเมินเป็นสองด้าน ประกอบด้วย ด้านความพร้อม และด้านผลกระทบ และอ้างอิงรายการเทคโนโลยีพลังงานของภาคอาคารที่ใช้ในการประเมิน จากเอกสารของโครงการพัฒนาแห่งสหประชาชาติ (United Nations Development Programme) และอนุสัญญาสหประชาชาติว่าด้วยการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) ซึ่งได้นำมาทำการคัดเลือกใช้เฉพาะเทคโนโลยีที่เกี่ยวข้องกับอาคารในประเทศไทย และให้ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ ผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสีย และผู้ที่เกี่ยวข้องในภาคอาคาร ทำการประเมินให้คะแนน จากผลการประเมินพบว่า ผู้เชี่ยวชาญให้ความสำคัญกับเกณฑ์ด้านความพร้อมในประเด็นนโยบาย โครงสร้างพื้นฐาน รวมทั้งกฎระเบียบที่เกี่ยวข้อง (R1) ต้นทุนและผลประโยชน์ (R3) การสนับสนุนด้านการเงิน (R2) การยอมรับจากสังคมและผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสีย (R4) ทรัพยากรบุคคล ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ หรือสถาบันเฉพาะทาง (R5) และความเป็นไปได้ของการผลิตภายในประเทศ (R9) และเกณฑ์ด้านผลกระทบในประเด็นด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม: มลพิษทางอากาศ มลพิษทางน้ำ การปนเปื้อน ฯลฯ (I3) โดยผลการจัดลำดับความสำคัญของเทคโนโลยีพลังงานที่มีความพร้อมและผลกระทบสูงที่สุด 5 อันดับ ได้แก่ 1) อาคารอัตโนมัติ 2) อุปกรณ์ไฟฟ้าอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ 3) เครื่องใช้ไฟฟ้าอัจฉริยะและบ้านอัตโนมัติ 4) การควบคุมอัจฉริยะ และ 5) หลอดคอมแพคฟลูออเรสเซนต์ หลอด LED ตามลำดับ
A study of Lean Production and Quality Management on Production Performance: The Evidence in High-tech Manufacturing Companies in China
Authors:   Asia Metropolitan University, Malaysia., XUELIANG HUANG
Published: April 2023

Based on the relevant studies of lean production, production technology improvement, quality management and production performance, the relationship model of lean production, production technology improvement, quality management and production performance of high-tech manufacturing companies is constructed, and the influence mechanism of lean production and production technology improvement on production performance of high-tech manufacturing companies is revealed. Specifically, by systematically reviewing relevant theories and existing research results, this paper proposes a logical idea of “lean production, production technology improvement — quality management — production performance”, discusses and proposes relevant research hypotheses according to the relationship between variables in the theoretical model, and sends out questionnaires to Chinese high-tech manufacturing companies on a large scale, and recovers 425 questionnaires. The incomplete or invalid questionnaires with obvious errors were eliminated, and 411 valid questionnaires were finally obtained. The statistical analysis software SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used for reliability analysis, validity analysis, exploratory factor analysis, typical correlation analysis of the collected data, multiple linear regression analysis model and mediation effect model was established. Test the theoretical paper. In this paper, a total of 7 research hypotheses are proposed, among which 7 hypotheses are supported by the survey data. Combining qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: (1) Lean production has a significant positive impact on the production performance of high-tech manufacturing companies; (2) The improvement of production technology has a significant positive effect on the production performance of high-tech manufacturing companies; (3) Quality management has a significant positive effect on the production performance of high-tech manufacturing companies; (4) Quality management has a partial mediating effect between lean production and production performance of high-tech manufacturing companies; (5) Quality management plays a partial mediating role between production technology improvement and production performance of high-tech manufacturing companies.
The Impact of Word Happiness on Employee Innovative Behavior – Organizational Attachment as a Mediator
Authors:   SMC University, Switzerland., Yanyuan Bi
Published: April 2023

In recent years, with the rise of positive psychology, the academic community is committed to finding the “secret” that affects individual happiness and the “best solution” for behavioral consequences, which promotes the vigorous development of word happiness related theories and empirical research. However, under the background that more organizations regard innovation performance as the main strategic goal, the research on the relationship between word happiness and individual innovation behavior and innovation performance lags far behind the actual management needs. Although there are literatures that prove that job happiness can improve the level of individual innovation, in actual organizational management, there is a situation where individual happiness is overwhelming, innovation behavior is scarce, and innovation performance is poor. This study adopted a quantitative approach and is based on resource preservation theory and self-determination theory, and on the basis of systematically sorting out relevant literature, elaborates the path and mechanism of word happiness on innovative behavior.
History Of Indonesia's Islamic Educational Institutions In A Political Framework
Authors: Azizatun Ni’mah Zetty , Rifa'i Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Education and politics are like inseparable currencies. The development of Islamic education in Indonesia, even across history, cannot be separated from political penetration. Politics makes regulation of policies in Islamic education. The rapid development of Islamic education depends on the intimate relationship between Islamic education figures and the government. In the history of the colonial period, the politics of setting policies on Islamic institutions tended to be discriminatory and gave benefits to the colonialists. During the old order era, the presence of the Ministry of Religion on January 3, 1946 , politically fought for Islamic education in Indonesia, which was based on the aspirations of Muslims so that religious education should be taught in schools, in addition to the development of madrasas themselves. During the Old Order era, there was already concern for madrasas, but the political conditions dominated by NASAKOM's ideas caused madrasas to not develop significantly. The New Order era was a government that gave a positive and constructive response to the development of Islamic educational institutions, madrasas, which in the end gave recognition by making madrasas part of the national education system. And in the current era, Islamic educational institutions in general and madrasas in particular have become the focus of many people because in addition to the same curriculum as the one in the Ministry of National Education, they are considered capable of providing internalization of religious character and competing with other public education institutions.
Merajut Kebinekaan Fikih Secara Toleran Dan Inklusif Di Indonesia : Cetak Biru dari Gontor
Authors: Salsabilla Khan Zahira
Published: April 2023

Kegelisahan terhadap fanatisme ormas-ormas Islam di Indonesia, termasuk di dalamnya fanatisme aliran mazhab fikih, mengantarkan penulis untuk melakukan kajian ini. Keyakinan bahwa pendidikan merupakan piranti penting dalam perubahan suatu bangsa dan tujuan pendidikan adalah untuk melahirkan perubahan sosial, maka penulis berusaha untuk mengurai persoalan fanatisme fikih tersebut dalam kerangka pendidikan. Harapannya, melalui metode pendidikan fikih yang toleran akan mampu meruntuhkan sekat-sekat fanatisme dalam masyarakat. Penulis menyebut kerangkan pendidikan fikih ini dengan istilah "Fikih Education Beyond The Wall".
Religion, Media and Peacebuilding
Authors: Fannani Bakhruddin , Kholish Moh. Anas
Published: April 2023

This article aims to examine the role and efforts of Dhamma TV, a Buddhist-based television station in Malang City, in building peace and harmony between religious communities. The study also shows the normative-theological construction that underlies these efforts. Because religion and media have great potential for peacebuilding. However, both can also be an obstacle to peace. Thus, religion-based media that consistently strives for harmony and peace become a significant aspect of a pluralistic society. This study found that Dhamma TV is a religion-based media that consistently broadcasts programs that contain the values of togetherness, tolerance, and peace. Television avoids programs that contain violence and have the potential to break the unity and harmony of society. Dhamma TV commonly presents cultural programs and social activities from various religions, so it is considered a medium for interfaith adhesives. The effort to build peace and harmony between religious communities is an expression and implementation of Buddhist teachings. Buddhism emphasizes mutual love and kindness to all living beings. In addition, Buddha emphasizes valuing and respecting the lives of others as his own as well.
Aktualisasi nilai-nilai ekologis ajran Tasawwuf dalam pelestarian lingkungan
Authors: Tohari Ilham , Faruq Umar
Published: April 2023

Dalam penelitian ini ditunjukkan bahwa pengamal tasawuf mampu menerjemahkan nilai-nilai ajaran tasawuf ke dalam ranah yang lebih praktis, yaitu pelestarian alam. Nilai-nilai pelestarian lingkungan dalam ajaran tasawuf  dalam tarekat Rowobayan berdasarkan pada konsep nilai-nilai kesatuan wujud, nilai-nilai kekhalifahan dan penghambaan, nilai-nilai kasih sayang universal (rahmatan lil’alamin) dan nilai-nilai zuhud. Nilai-nilai kesatuan wujud mengantarkan pemahaman mengenai status manusia dan alam yang setara dan berkaitan. Hal ini diaktualisasikan dalam pelestarian alam dengan bersikap arif dan menghormati alam. Sikap ini didasari pemahaman bahwa setiap mahluk hidup, sebagaimana juga manusia, mempunyai nilai pada dirinya sendiri yang harus dihormati. Nilai-nilai kekhalifahan dan penghambaan diaktualisasikan dengan sikap aktif dalam mengambil peran dan tanggung jawab untuk melestarikan alam. Sikap ini sebagai salah satu perwujudan upaya untuk berakhlak dengan akhlak Allah (takhallaqu bi akhlaqillah). Nilai-nilai kasih sayang universal diwujudkan dengan menyayangi dan berakhlakul karimah saat berinteraksi dengan alam. Karena ajaran Islam adalah pembawa rahmat bagi alam dan segala isinya. Karena itu seorang Muslim harus selalu berupaya menebar rahmat kepada semua mahkluk. Sedangkan nilai-nilai zuhud dan kesederhanaan dapat diaktualisasikan dalam pola konsumsi dan pengelolaan sumber daya alam. Perilaku zuhud akan mengontrol nafsu agar tidak berlebihan dalam pola konsumsi sehari-hari dan memanfaatkan sumberdaya alam.
TOLERANSI ITU MAHAL, TIDAK SETIAP ORANG MAMPU DAN BERANI MEMBAYARNYA!
Authors: Prabowo Setyabudi Muhammad Nur
Published: April 2023

Artikel konseptual dan interperatif ini mendiskusikan kembali salah satu konsepsi toleransi yang patut untuk dipertimbangkan makna dan aktualisasinya, yaitu costly tolerance. Konsepsi yang berasal dari tradisi Kristiani ini memiliki imperatif moral yang kuat untuk mentransformasikan praktik toleransi pada matra yang lebih sempurna sebagai virtue. Dalam kaca mata ini, barangkali toleransi dalam kadar minimalis yang semu, dangkal, dan basa-basi, yang seringkali justri terjatuh dalam sikap indifference atau acuh tak acuh yang tidak membutuhkan pengorbanan apa-apa, menjadi kehilangan makna dan tidak patut menyandang kata toleransi. Masa depan agama-agama di Indonesia dengan keragamannya di tengah badai yang selalu menarik pendulum keagamaan ke arah ekstrimisme sehingga masih membuka diri bagi aksi kejahatan atas nama agama, tidak cukup dibayar dengan toleransi yang penuh kepalsuan, dan dalam pandangan konsepsi kritis ini, akan membutuhkan banyak pengorbanan yang perlu dibayar.