bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overview and Prevention of Complications During Biportal Endoscopic Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Park Sanghun , Lee Jung Hwan , Chough ChungKee
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Biportal endoscopic spine surgery is becoming popular for various spinal pathologies, including cervical and thoracic spine diseases. However, the safety of biportal endoscopic cervical spine surgery (BECSS) has not been fully investigated, and inexperienced surgeons can cause serious complications. The study aimed to evaluate the complications of BECSS and identify tips for preventing them through a literature review and retrospective analysis of case series. Methods: Articles on BECSS were electronically retrieved from multiple databases, with inclusion criteria including controlled and case series designs, detailed reporting of complications and/or reoperations, and the use of BECSS. The study excluded simple review articles and case reports. The clinical data of 45 patients who underwent BECSS at our institution were collected, and information was extracted on demographic features, surgery type, surgical level, surgery-related complications, and reoperations and their reasons.Results: The study retrieved a total of 67 studies from 5 databases, of which 6 were included after screening. In total, 227 cases of BECSS were identified, and the overall complication rate was 0%–14.3%. Complications included dura tearing, symptom recurrence, incomplete decompression, postoperative epidural hematoma, and transient paralysis. Reoperation was performed in 3 cases.Conclusion: BECSS has similar complication rates to those of other surgical techniques. It is important to provide extensive education, share knowledge and experience, and conduct further research to minimize complications and improve outcomes for patients, as is the case with other spinal surgical procedures.
Quick response auto-coding and recognition via microlaser array
Authors: Chen Xianfeng , Shan Hongrui , Dai Hailang , Wei Qiheng , Wang Xueqian , Yang Hong
Published: July 2023

The superior stimuli-responsiveness, narrow linewidth, and high spectral multiplexing capacity of microlasers have led to their use as photonic tags for molecular labeling, encryption, and anticounterfeiting. However, the requirement of consistent lasing features for repeated measurements and the need for lasing features to change regularly with varying analytes pose a challenge to the efficient and convenient authentication of laser-encoded photonic tags for practical applications. To address this challenge, we propose an optical microsphere array that provides a set of real-time typical lasing spectra collected from microspheres coated with specific recognition surface films of different sizes capable of recognizing one analyte or a mixture of analytes. These lasing spectra were transformed into 2D grayscale barcodes. Additionally, we developed a gray value-quick response code (GV-QR code) using deep learning methods, which enabled the real-time monitoring and identification of molecular concentration changes through GV-QR autocoding, resulting in more precise, wide-ranging, and reliable molecular detection.
Synthesis of N alkyl chitosan and their impact on biology and physiology of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: V Moorthy A , M Shanthi , S Selva Rani
Published: July 2023

A chitosan derivative, N-alkyl chitosan, was synthesized from crude chitosan, a marine waste product, by an alkylation process and it was characterized in FTIR and standardized its solubility, degree of deacetylation, and water binding capacity. It was evaluated for its toxicity, antifeedant effect, and impact on the growth, development, and physiology of S. frugiperda at different concentrations. N alkyl chitosan 5000 ppm recorded a maximum absolute antifeedant index of 85.96 percent in first instar larvae, after 72 hours of treatment. The highest mortality (Abbott’s corrected) was recorded when fed on N alky chitosan at 5000 ppm (77.44%). The median lethal concentration of N alkyl chitosan derivative was 3702.18 ppm with a median lethal time of 32.28 hours. The larval weight was reduced by 47.56 and 40.97 percent over the untreated check when S. frugiperda larvae fed on leaf treated with N alkyl chitosan at 5000 and 4000 ppm, respectively, throughout the larval period and also showed significant weight loss in pupal (15.83%) and adult (16.66%) stages, over the untreated check.
KCNC3 acts as a potential biomarker that is involved in the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Quanqing , Lv jiaying , Duan Hongxia , Sun Pingping , Lu Bing , Cai Yihong , Shi Wenyu
Published: July 2023

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC), the most common primary tumor in the gastrointestinal system, is a leading cause of death due to cancer worldwide. CRC is a heterogeneous disease that is associated with several genetic or somatic mutations. Cancer immunotherapy has become a novel and revolutionary method of treatment for patients with advanced tumors. However, effective biomarkers that can reflect the response of CRC patients to immunotherapy have still not been identified. In this study, we aimed to assess the clinical predictive value of KCNC3 in patients with CRC.
Methods
The correlation between KCNC3 expression levels and CRC progression was explored and validated using data from TCGA and patient samples from our hospital. Univariate and multivariate cox regression models were developed to determine the predictive value of KCNC3 on the prognosis of patients with CRC. Thereafter, the relationship between KCNC3 and immune activation was then analyzed. Finally, we predicted the immunotherapy response in both the high and low KCNC3 expression subgroups.
Results
In this study, patients with high expression of KCNC3 showed shorter OS (overall survival) than patients with low KCNC3 expression. Data from TCGA database and clinical patient parameters showed that high KCNC3 expression was associated with tumor immune infiltration and poor prognosis of CRC. Furthermore, we found that KCNC3 could be used to stratify CRC patients into high and low KCNC3 expression subgroups, which exhibit different clinical outcomes and immune activation status. At the RNA level data from TCGA showed that KCNC3 expression was positively correlated with the infiltration levels of CD4 + cells, Tregs, and MDSC, which contributed to the formation of an immunosuppressive immune microenvironment (TME) for effective cancer immunotherapy. In addition, the high expression of KCNC3 was accompanied by the upregulation of immune checkpoint molecules, including PDCD1, LAG3, FOXP3, and CTLA4, which stimulated tumor cells to evade immune surveillance. Our clinical data also suggest that high KCNC3 expression is closely associated with CTLA4 and LAG3. Finally, we demonstrated that CRC patients with a high KCNC3 expression level had better immunotherapy responses.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that the high expression of KCNC3 confers with immunosuppressive microenvironment that can promote tumor progression and can be used to predict the poor clinical outcome of CRC patients. In conclusion, KCNC3 is a novel predictor for clinical prognosis and response to immunotherapy in CRC.
Quasi-crystalline order in vibrated granular matter
Authors: Foffi Giuseppe , plati andrea , Maire Raphael , Fayen Etienne , Boulogne François , Restagno Frédéric , Smallenburg Frank
Published: July 2023

Quasi-crystals are aperiodic structures that present crystallographic properties which are not compatible with that of a single unit cell. Their revolutionary discovery in a metallic alloy, less than three decades ago, has required a full reconsideration of what we defined as a crystal structure. Surprisingly, quasi-crystalline structures have been discovered also at much larger length scales in different microscopic systems for which the size of elementary building blocks ranges between the nanometric to the micrometric scale. Here, we report the first experimental observation of spontaneous quasi-crystal self-assembly at the millimetric scale. This result is obtained in a fully athermal system of macroscopic spherical grains vibrated on a substrate. Starting from a liquid-like disordered phase, the grains begin to locally arrange into three types of squared and triangular tiles that eventually align, forming 8-fold symmetric quasi-crystal that has been predicted in simulation but not yet observed experimentally in non-atomic systems. These results are not only the proof of a novel route to spontaneously assemble quasi-crystals but are of fundamental interest for the connection between equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical physics.
Development and validation of a nomogram for ISR within 2 years in patients after iliac or femoral artery stent placement
Authors: Li Jiatao , An Rui , Liu Xiangdong , Li Liang , Li Yunsong , Hao Qingchun , Cao Pengkai , Wang Fengkai , Wang Yaqi , Dou Yaodong , Jiao Zhipeng , Zhang YanRong
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for ISR within 2 years after iliac or femoral artery stent placement.Clinical data of 237 patients diagnosed with LEASO and receiving iliac or femoral artery stent placement for the first time in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2015 to December 2022 were analyzed.Patients were randomized into training and validation set (7:3).Logistic regression was used to perform univariate and multivariate analysis on the possible factors of ISR, screen out independent risk factors, establish a risk nomogram prediction model ,and internally verify the predictability and accuracy of the model.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperfibrinogenemia and below-the-knee run-offs were independent risk factors for ISR within 2 years after iliac or femoral artery stent placement in patients with LEASO.Based on these factors, the risk prediction model is established. The c index of the model was 0.856. The results showed that the risk prediction model has good accuracy in predicting ISR within 2 years after iliac or femoral artery stent placement.The risk prediction model based on the 4 risk factors of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperfibrinogenemia and below-the-knee run-offs has good predictive performance.
An Improved Pear Disease Classification Approach using Cycle Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Alshammari Khulud , Alshammari Reem , Alshammari Alanoud , Alkhudaydi Tahani
Published: July 2023

A large number of countries worldwide depend on the agriculture, as agriculture can assist in reducing poverty, raising the country’s income, and improving the food security. However, the plan diseases usually affect food crops and hence play a significant role in the annual yield and economic losses in the agricultural sector. In general, plant diseases have historically been identified by humans using their eyes, where this approach is often inexact, time-consuming, and exhausting. Recently, the employment of machine learning and deep learning approaches have significantly improved the classification and recognition accuracy for several applications. Despite the CNN models offer high accuracy for plant disease detection and classification, however, the limited available data for training the CNN model affects seriously the classification accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, we employed a Cycle Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN) to overcome the limitations of over-fitting and the limited size of the available datasets. In addition, we developed an efficient plant disease classification approach, where we adopt the CycleGAN architecture in order to enhance the classification accuracy. The obtained results showed an average enhancement of 7% in the classification accuracy.
Gut microorganisms among Chinese School-Age Children in Two Different Areas in North and South China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dong Wendi , Jin Xiaxia , Chen Miaozhen , Mo Shan , Liu Yanhuan
Published: July 2023

To investigate the variations in the structure and function of gut microorganisms school-age children from different regions in north and south of China, 88 school-age children among 3-7 years was recruited and studied by deep metagenomic sequencing in our study. Alpha diversity analysis showed that samples from Southern China school-age children groups (S groups) had lower microbiota diversity than samples from Northern China-school age （N groups）(P < 0.001).The PCoA plots generated by the Bray–Curtis (BC) dissimilarity metrics showed distinct clustering of samples a separation from different groups (P<0.001).Taxonomic analysis illustrated that the abundance of Firmicutes in N groups was significantly higher than that in S groups(p<0.001) and the proteobacteria in the S groups was found to be significantly higher than the N groups(p<0.001).Our study suggest Escherichia-Shigella and Faecalibacterium serve as a promising diagnostic biomarker for Chinese School-age Children in Two Different Areas in North and South China. Furthermore, we observe that the gut microbiota of school age children in China southern and northern have a large difference in EC,KEGG Pathways, gut metabolic modules (GMM) and gut-brain modules(GBM)(p＜0.05).The Region factor is one of the main influencing factors of Gut microorganisms of school age children in China southern and northern.
Community center interior design for disaster victims: A case study on Syrian children
Authors: Idelby Yamen , Alahmar Jamal , Fakosh Oqba
Published: July 2023

Objective:
To develop an evidence-based framework that helps interior design spaces in community centers improve visitors’ psychological and physical health preventively rather than curatively.
Background: Colors, shapes, and materials are among the design elements users perceive and that affect their behavior. Behavior and perception are linked to brainwaves, which are considered constant for most people, despite differences in language and dialect.
Methods:
Experts' questionnaires were used for interior design specialists in Syria about the design style for community centers that suit the societal culture and linked the results with the analysis of drawings for children affected by disasters in Syria. The results were then projected on evidence-based studies supporting the association of cognition and change behavior with brainwaves and design elements.
Results:
There are often disagreements about the design method to be adopted. There is the question of whether to prioritize health or community cultures. In this study, the results combined the two by linking the design elements with brainwaves and requirements of the users in the interior space.
Conclusion:
Drawings can be adapted to the requirements of community members, and they can be linked to brainwaves; this approach thus supports the idea of integrating science and the arts to improve the health of those affected by disasters.
An anterior cervical and mediastinal mass causes “cannot intubate and cannot ventilate” after induction
Authors: Xu Jiaqi Xu , Fan Zhiqiang , zhang Jin , Bai Yiping
Published: July 2023

The perioperative management of a patient with a large anterior mediastinal mass is one of the major challenges for anesthesia care providers. If there is significant tracheal compression or the patient presents with difficult breathing, particularly in supine position, awake fiberscope intubation is usually indicated in order to avoid complete tracheal obstruction after induction. Here, we report a patient with a large anterior cervical and mediastinal mass, along with tracheal compression but no difficult breathing, even in the supine position. After intubation, nearly “cannot intubate and cannot ventilate” was encountered. This case demonstrates that absence of difficult breathing awake in the supine position in a patient with a large anterior mediastinal massdoes not rule out “cannot intubate and cannot ventilate” after induction. Very high inspiratory pressure during mask ventilation is needed to achieve effective mask ventilation.
Cloud Computing Based Trend Analysis of Urbanization and Land Surface Temperature on climate change and socio-economic impacts in Gaborone, Botswana.
Authors: Moyo Boineelo , Schröder Dietrich , Moreri Kealeboga
Published: July 2023

Land use land cover change (LULC) is a critical driver of global change, influencing environmental sustainability. The spatio-temporal changes of LULC have a significant impact on the distribution and intensity of the Land Surface Temperatures (LST), especially in urban areas with reduced vegetation cover. Understanding these effects is crucial for assessing progress towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 11 and 13, which aim to improve urban environments and address climate change. However, little is known about the impacts of LULC changes on LST in Botswana. Therefore, this study investigated the impacts of LULC change on LST dynamics in Gaborone, a rapidly urbanising city in Botswana. Gaborone has experienced increased surface temperatures over the years, resulting in land degradation, periodic heat waves that have exacerbated energy poverty and quality of life. The study utilized the Landsat data to conduct a 15-year (2005 – 2020) spatio-temporal analysis of Gaborone LULC changes and LST dynamics. The analysis employed cutting-edge remote sensing techniques, including the big data Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform and the Random Forest (RF) machine learning algorithm, known for their accuracy and efficiency in classification and change detection studies. By leveraging the GEE cloud platform, this study enables continuous monitoring of both LULC and LST variations in Gaborone. The findings revealed that over the 15-year period, approximately 12km2 of LULC was converted to built-up areas, resulting in a 2.36% annual urban growth rate and reduced green and bare spaces. Consequently, surface temperatures have increased by approximately 2.1◦C, aggravating the energy demand for cooling in summer. This trend, along with population growth and urbanization, has contributed to rapidly increasing electricity prices. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights into the interplay between LULC changes, LST dynamics, and urban development in Gaborone, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable strategies to address land degradation, energy poverty, and quality of life.
Distribution and infestation levels of diseases, parasites and pests on honeybee Apis mellifera Woy-Gambella in three agro-ecological selected Woredas of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
Authors: Ayele Bizuayehu Abebe
Published: July 2023

The study was conducted in South Omo Zone of Southern Ethiopia from 2020-2021to determine the prevalence and distribution of honeybee diseases, parasites, pests and predators. For laboratory diagnosis work 175 honeybee colonies were sampled during dry and wet season from apiary sites, backyard and forest beekeeping management system were examined for the presence of honeybee pests, external parasites and honey bee disease pathogens. Descriptive, frequency and chi-square (x2) test with SPSS version 20 were used to analyzed the collected samples. During internal and external hive inspection pests and predators were observed. Mainly wax mouth and small hive beetles were the major honey bee pests in the study area. In the laboratory diagnosis results, prevalence of Varroa mite and bee lice, was 90.86% and 25.71%, respectively with different risk factors at chi-square test. The prevalence of varroa mite there were no statistical significance difference at p < 0.05 in all associated risk factors, were as the prevalence of bee lice was statistically significance at p > 0.01with associated risk factors of study woreda/agro-ecology and season of sample collected. However, infected honeybee colonies with varroa mite appear to be producing well, this needs further research, especially on whether there indeed in natural tolerance level already developed in the colonies and how much extent honeybees decreased product.
Optimal design of groundwater pollution monitoring network based on a back-propagation neural network surrogate model and grey wolf optimizer algorithm under uncertainty
Authors: Guo Xinze , Luo Jiannan , Lu Wenxi , Dong Guangqi , Pan Zidong
Published: July 2023

In the optimal design of groundwater pollution monitoring network (GPMN), the uncertainty of the simulation model always affects the reliability of the monitoring network design when applying simulation–optimization methods. To address this issue, in the present study, we focused on the uncertainty of the pollution source intensity and hydraulic conductivity. In particular, we utilized simulation–optimization and Monte Carlo methods to determine the optimal layout scheme for monitoring wells under these uncertainty conditions. However, there is often a substantial computational load incurred due to multiple calls to the simulation model. Hence, we employed a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) to develop a surrogate model, which could substantially reduce the computational load. We considered the dynamic pollution plume migration process in the optimal design of the GPMN. Consequently, we formulated a long-term GPMN optimization model under uncertainty conditions with the aim of maximizing the pollution monitoring accuracy for each period. The spatial moment method was used to measure the approximation degree between the pollution plume interpolated for the monitoring network and the actual plume, which could effectively evaluate the superior monitoring accuracy. Traditional methods is easily trapped in local optima when solving the optimization model, so we used the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm to solve the optimization model. A hypothetical example was designed for evaluating the effectiveness of our method. The results indicated that the BPNN surrogate model could effectively fit the input–output relationship from the simulation model, as well as significantly reduce the computational load. The GWO algorithm effectively solved the optimization model and improved the solution accuracy. The pollution plume distribution in each monitoring period could be accurately characterized by the optimized monitoring network. Thus, combining the simulation–optimization method with the Monte Carlo method effectively addressed the optimal monitoring network design problem under uncertainty. In this study, we developed a stable and reliable methodology for optimally designing a GPMN.
Diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness of automated image analysis software for screening of diabetic retinopathy: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: KANKARIA ANKITA , Duggal Mona , Kernohan Ashleigh , Chauhan Anshul , Verma Priyanka , Bryant Andrew , Miglani Vaibhav , Chadda Neelima , Syal Preeti , Jaiswal Nishant , Gupta Vishali , Menon Geeta , Vale Luke
Published: July 2023

Background: Artificial intelligence applications for diabetic retinopathy grading have rapidly advanced but it is essential that these potential solutions are assessed for their diagnostic performance and cost-effectiveness. This review assesses evidence on the diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness of automated image software for DR screening using human graders as the reference standard.
Method: A systematic review of (i): diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies and (ii) economic evaluations (EE). For DTA studies, a literature search of Web of Science, MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Ovid, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) from January 2000 to May 2023. For EEs, the DTA search strategy will be adapted to include economic search terms. Specialist databases (NHS Economic Evaluation Database; Cost-effectiveness Analysis Registry, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) database) will be searched from inception to May 2023. All titles and abstracts identified will be screened. For potentially eligible studies full-text screening will be conducted. Eligible studies will be those comparing the grading of fundus images by AI with retinal examination by trained professionals. Data extraction will be tailored to the type of study (DTA or EE) using a prespecified data extraction form. Data extracted will include source, study methods, participant characteristics, disease characteristics, index and reference test, data collection methods, costing component, costing characteristics, and outcome. For DTAs, risk of bias will be assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Studies- Comparative (QUADAS-C). For EEs the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) will be used. Two independent reviewers will be involved in study selection, screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Any disagreement in these steps will be resolved by discussion or a third reviewer.
For DTA studies, study results will be summarised as pooled sensitivity and specificity, summary receiver operating curve, and accuracy and prevalence adjusted and bias-adjusted kappa. For EE, data will be summarised in a narrative summary.
Discussion: This study will provide insights into the AI software's diagnostic accuracy and its cost-effectiveness for DR screening.
Trial registration: PROSPERO, CRD42021244269
Pan-cancer analysis of DNMT3A as a robust prognostic biomarker to predict the immunotherapy response
Authors: Su Xiaoyan , Liu Junzhe , Tu Zewei , Ji Qiankun , Li Jingying , Liu Fanrong
Published: July 2023

Background
DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) is essential for de-novo methylation and cell development. Recent studies have shown that dysregulation of methylation regulated by DNMT3A is highly implicated in cancer progression. However, the regulatory roles of DNMT3A in various cancers are not completely clear and need further investigation.
Methods
The RNA-seq data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression databases (GTEx) are the source of this study. Western blot assays were performed to exhibit the relative expression level of DNMT3A in clinical glioma samples. CBioportal was utilized to explore the genomic alternation of DNMT3A. The images of immunofluorescence downloaded from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) help to show the subcellular distribution of DNMT3A proteins. ComPPI is a powerful tool for studying protein interactions. Single-cell sequencing cohorts from TISCH were used to reveal the DNMT3A expression levels in different cell types. Two types of survival algorithms were conducted to assess the prognostic value of DNMT3A in pan-cancer. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was applied to explore various cellular pathways and hallmarks. Immune cells infiltration in pan-cancer was summarized using data available on TIMER 2.0 website.
Results
The expression level of DNMT3A is significantly up-regulated in tumor tissue compared with that in normal tissue in most cancers. DNMT3A is discovered to have great accordance with the immune-related hallmarks like immune response signaling. In addition, the infiltration of DNMT3A in various subtypes of immune cells showed obvious aggregation of Treg, MDSC, B cell, Neutrophil, and Monocyte. At last, the robust prognostic ability of DNMT3A was further enhanced in several independent immunotherapy cohorts.
SPC25 upregulates CCND1 to promote the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by MDM2-mediated E2F1 ubiquitination and stabilization
Authors: Sun Yifeng , Jiang Haoyao , Jin Xiangfeng , Gu Haiyong , Li Bin , Li Zhigang
Published: July 2023

Background
The occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are closely related to the overexpression of multiple oncogenes. Thus, it is of great urgent to explore new targets and therapeutic implications in ESCC.
Methods
We first identified the expression and interaction with prognosis of SPC25 in 88 primary ESCCs by IHC and verified by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, stable shSPC25 cell lines of ESCC were constructed to evaluate its function of cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and cell cycle by western blot, Celigo cell counting, transwell, and flow cytometry analysis. Moreover, the potential mechanism was explored by performing microarray and bioanalysis and verified by RT‒qPCR, western blot, and rescue experiments in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation, CHIP, luciferase reporter, and ubiquitination assays were performed to investigate the critical mechanism by which CCND1 affects SPC25 in ESCC.
Results
In this study, we identified that SPC25 is highly expressed in ESCC and promotes the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of ESCC cells. Then, the underlying cellular mechanisms were explored. By performing microarray and bioanalysis, we found that CCND1 is a potential target of SPC25, and it is also upregulated in ESCC. Further experiments showed that E2F1, as the transcription factor of CCND1, is downregulated by the ubiquitination pathway after SPC25 knockdown, which in turn regulates the expression level of CCND1 in cells. In addition, SPC25 regulates E2F1 ubiquitination via the ubiquitin ligase MDM2.
Conclusions
Collectively, we demonstrated that the aberrant expression of SPC25 inhibited E2F1 ubiquitination to promote CCND1 expression, thus contributing to tumorigenesis, which provided new insights and therapeutic implications in ESCC.
Elovanoid-N34 is a homeostatic switch that modulates TXNRD1 for cell survival
Authors: Bazan Nicolas , Calandria Jorgelina , Bhattacharjee Surjyadipta , Kala-Bhattacharjee Sayantani , Mukherjee Pranab , Feng Yuehan , Vowinckel Jakob , Treiber Tobias
Published: July 2023

The thioredoxin (TRX) system is an NADP/FAD redox-triggered effector that sustains oxidative stress homeostatic environment, bioenergetics, and detoxifying drug networks. The bioactive lipid Elovanoid (ELV)-N34, derived from omega-3 fatty acid precursors, elicits pro-homeostatic activity via pathways that enhance cell survival and modulate inflammation and senescence gene programming under damaging conditions that encompass redox changes. Limited proteolysis (LiP) screening identified TXNRD1 variants 2, 3, or 5, the reductase of the TXR system, as an intracellular target of ELV-N34. The silencing of TXNRD1 confirmed that the target of ELV-N34 was variant 3. The lipid mediator induces changes in the structure of TXNRD1 that modify the FAD interface domain leading to the modulation of its activity. The addition of ELV-N34 decreased TXNRD1 activity of the membrane subfraction as well as of the cytosol, suggesting possible localizations for the targeted reductase. These results show for the first time that the lipid mediator ELV-N34 directly modulates TXNRD1 activity, undeleting its protective role in several pathological conditions when uncompensated oxidative stress (UOS) evolves.
Knowledge and Awareness of Radiographic Guidelines for Spinal Pain: a Cross-sectional Study Among Malaysian Chiropractors and Chiropractic Interns
Authors: Kioh Sheng Hui
Published: July 2023

Background
Although spinal radiographs are highly beneficial to identify causes for spinal pain, the inappropriate use of radiograph services among chiropractors have recently been debated. It has been proposed that lack of awareness of current guidelines and knowledge of guidelines application among chiropractors could possibly explain recent debate. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the level of knowledge and awareness to radiographic guidelines of spinal pain among chiropractors and chiropractic interns in Malaysia.
Methods
An online survey consisting of questions on their level of awareness on various radiographic guidelines and statements on agreements of radiography referrals was emailed to both chiropractors and chiropractic interns in Malaysia. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used to describe the awareness level and compare the differences between the chiropractors and chiropractic interns.
Results
Of the 111 participants (75 chiropractors and 36 chiropractic interns), 71% of chiropractors and 29% of chiropractic interns were aware of the current radiographic guidelines. When compared on the statements of radiography referrals, significant differences were found between chiropractors and chiropractic interns on some of the statements of agreement for radiographic referrals.
Conclusion
The awareness level of radiography guidelines for spinal pain among chiropractors in Malaysia was higher as compared to other published studies. Some of the agreements on the radiography referrals for spinal pain was significantly difference between chiropractors and chiropractic interns. Future studies should also evaluate on the adherence level and factors associated with the awareness of radiographic guidelines
Construction of environmental art aided design system based on digital technology application in Smart Energy Industries
Authors: Li Zhi
Published: July 2023

Internet technology has become widely used with the social economy's rapid development, and in this social environment, artificial intelligence has come to be highly valued by all walks of life. This has had a significant impact on the growth of all these walks of life, and in this regard, the art and design industry is also similar. The digital-based framework is proposed for forming an environmental-based design system in the area of graphic design, forming unique possibilities for computer-aided design technology. This paper explains the innovation that led by the construction of art aided system. The research's goal is to construct an environmental art-aided system based on the application of digital technology. The work analyses different enhancements and characterizations of art-based design which deeply focuses on the technical background of the art-aided system, and invokes digital technology into the procedure of a computer-based design system with Artificial Intelligence. This provides various references for digital technology applications. The art-based design for different node samples is higher above the threshold value; it falls towards the lower node sample. At this particular point in time, the quality of the design's data distribution strategy right affects the perception of the system on the environmental quality.
Structural Optimization, Anti-TNBC Activities Evaluation, Molecular Docking and DFT Study of Indolone Derivative From Periplaneta americana
Authors: Jiang Qin-Bin , Maimaitituerhong Maierhaba , Li Xu , Cheng Li-Zhi , Huang Danling , Cheng Yong-Xian
Published: July 2023

In our previous work, an indolone derivative ZL170 were isolated and identified from Periplaneta americana (P. americana). Based on its characteristic structure, we used it as lead compound to carry out structural optimization and subsequent antitumor activity evaluation. In the present study, a series of novel indolone derivatives bearing thiazole scaffold were designed and synthesized, and their antitumor activities against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) were determined. The preliminary screening results showed that LJ3, LJ8, LJ23, and LJ27 display inhibition rates of over 60% against MDA-MB-231cell at the concentration of 50 µM. Notably, LJ23 demonstrated an IC50 value of 32.19 µM against MDA-MB-231, prompting further evaluation of its inhibitory effect on TNBC cell motility. Results revealed that LJ23 effectively hindered TNBC cell migration through downregulation of the EMT Process. Additionally, molecular docking was employed to predict the interaction mode between LJ23 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Finally, theoretical calculations were conducted for LJ23 at the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level, and the frontier orbital energy was discussed.
Gut Microbiota and Its Association with Alopecia Areata: Insights from a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xu Wen , Zhang Li , Song Xiuzu
Published: July 2023

Background
Recent cross-sectional analyses have disclosed associations between gut microbiota diversity and alopecia areata (AA). However, the definitive causal influence of gut microbiota on AA remains undetermined.
Methods
To probe the potential causal association between gut microbiota and AA, we leveraged data from Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted by both the MiBioGen and FinnGen consortiums. The dataset included information on gut microbiota (n = 13,266) and AA (n = 211,428), extracted from earlier observational studies. We applied five statistical techniques in our Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to infer the causality between gut microbiota and AA. Conversely, we undertook a reverse MR analysis to ascertain whether AA causally impacts gut microbiota. The validity of the MR analysis was evaluated via sensitivity analysis.
Results
The IVW assessment implied a protective influence against AA from Butyricimonas (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.18–0.77, p = 0.01), Enterorhabdus (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.16–0.95, p = 0.04), Eubacterium (xylanophilum group) (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.15–0.84, p = 0.02), and Phascolarctobacterium (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.15–0.91, p = 0.03). In contrast, Ruminococcaceae UCG003 emerged as a risk factor for AA (OR = 2.79, 95% CI: 1.27–6.14, p = 0.01). Our reverse MR exploration did not discern any statistically significant causal association between AA and gut microbiota. Similarly, no significant heterogeneity of IVs or horizontal pleiotropy was observed.
Conclusions
This current study offers compelling evidence for a probable causality between certain gut microbiota and AA, thus providing vital insights into its pathogenesis and potential preventative and therapeutic approaches.
Employment of Enhanced Coefficient Adjustment Technique and Module-based Substitution to Hide Secret Message in ECG Signal
Authors: Yang Ching-Yu , Hsu Tsung-Hsiang , Chen Pei-Yun
Published: July 2023

We present an effective electrocardiogram (ECG) steganography technique for concealing patient’s diagnosis and sensitive information within ECG signals. The method utilizes the enhanced coefficient adjustment technique (ECAT) and module-based substitution to embed a large number of secret bits into an ECG host. The proposed method consists of two stages. In stage I, data bits are hidden in a host bundle derived from an ECG with a size of 1 × (n − 1) using ECAT, following two predetermined rules. If the rules are not met, module-based substitution is employed in the bundles. Stage II follows a similar procedure, but with the host bundles enlarged to a size of (1 × n). Simulations demonstrate that the payload and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of our method surpass those of existing methods. Additionally, our method ensures good perceived quality and offers protection against attacks. The proposed method finds application in biometric measurements, including portable healthcare devices and IoT-based health monitoring systems.
A pilot study of increased gene expression of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase in the middle-aged with acute coronary artery disease
Authors: Abdelsabour MA , Idriss NK , Blann AD , Mosa AA , Fouad DA , Amal AM , Ashry A , Sayed SA , Nasreldin E , Hassen SA , Elnaggar MG , Meki AA , Hassen HA , Gaber MA
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) and Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) may have roles as serum biomarkers of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. We hypothesised altered genomic expression of the genes for these molecules in middle aged subjects with acute coronary artery disease.
Method: Venous blood was obtained from 53 patients (27 with diabetes) presenting with an acute coronary syndrome and subsequently shown to have coronary artery disease (CAD), and from 46 age and sex matched controls free of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Relative expression of leukocyte transcriptome GAPDH, GDF15and TERT were determined by RT-PCR and quantified by quantitation-comparative Ct (ΔΔCt).
Results: Compared to expression in controls, mean (95% confidence interval) relative expression of GDF15in the patients was 1.38 (1.13-1.49) (p<0.001), and of TERT was 1.12 (1.04-1.20) p=0.003), with relative expression of GDF15 being greater than that of TERT (p<0.001). Expression of the two genes failed to correlate significantly in the controls (r=0.22, p=0.131) but did so in the patients (r=0.55, p<0.01). There was no difference in relative expression of GDF15 in 26 patients free of diabetes (1.6 [1.42-1.78]) compared to those 27 with diabetes (1.6 [1.29-1.91]) (p=0.996). Similarly, there was no difference in the expression of TERT in patients free of diabetes (1.19 [1.06-1.33]) compared to those with diabetes (1.25 [0.98-1.50]) (p=0.739).
Conclusion: Relative expression of GDF15 and TERTare both increased in middle-aged patients with CAD and in CAD+diabetes, with no difference between the patient groups. These genes may have roles in the pathogenesis of acute coronary artery disease.
LncRNA PCSK1N-202 regulates CD34 + hematopoietic cells proliferation in MDS patients via PIM2/HIF-1alpha
Authors: Liu Zhaoyun , Tian Mengyue , Jia Yue , Guo Yixuan , Zhao Xianghong , Meng Nanhao , Duan Lixiang , Fu Rong
Published: July 2023

Background Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are characterized by malignant clonal hematopoietic stem cells with high-risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Results In this study,we explore the role of PIM2/HIF-1alpha in the proliferation of CD34 + cells in MDS patients. We investigate the profile of lncRNA derived from the bone marrow CD34 + cells in MDS patients and AML secondary to MDS (sAML) patients. We found 1173 lncRNAs (648 upregulated/525 downregulated) and 326 mRNAs (125 upregulated/201 downregulated) significantly deregulated in sAML compared to those in MDS patients (|logFC| > 1, p value < 0.05). Of these, lncRNA PCSK1N-202 predicted as targeted-regulator to PIM2.RT-PCR showed that the level of PCSK1N-202 was upregulated in AML and MDS patients and positive related with PIM2.For further demonstrated the regulation of PCSK1N-202 to PIM2,RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated that PCSK1N-202 was distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm which as well as PIM2.For functional study, SKM-1 cell was transfected with LV- PCSK1N-202 ,which induced the decline of PIM2 and HIF-1α followed with decreased of cell proliferation and increased of apoptosis.Conclusion In conclusion, the upregulation of PCSK1N-202 transcript may through PIM2 / HIF-1α regulate the proliferation of CD34 + cells in MDS.
Associations between EEG power and coherence and cognitive and language development across the first months of life
Authors: Xiao Ran , Smith Beth , Bradley Holly
Published: July 2023

The neural processes underpinning cognition and language development in infancy are of great interest. We investigated EEG power and coherence in infancy, as a reflection of underlying cortical function of single brain region and cross-region connectivity, and their relations to cognition and language development. EEG recordings were longitudinally collected from 21 infants with typical development between 1 and 7 months. We investigated relative band power at theta (3-6Hz) and alpha (6-9Hz) and EEG coherence of these frequency bands at 25 electrode pairs that cover key brain regions. A correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between EEG measurements (frequency bands and brain regions) and raw Bayley cognitive and language developmental scores. In the first months of life, relative band power is not correlated with changes in cognitive and language scales. However, theta coherence is negatively correlated with receptive language scores between frontoparietal regions, and alpha coherence is negatively correlated with expressive language scores between frontoparietal regions. The results from this preliminary study are the first steps in identifying potential biomarkers of early cognitive and language development. In future work, we will confirm norm references of early cognitive and language development that can be compared with infants at risk for neurodevelopmental disabilities.
Two Novel Compound heterozygous Loss-of-Function Mutations Cause Fetal IRAK-4 Deficiency presenting with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sepsis
Authors: Zhang Fang , Wang Zhiwei , Tang Xinxin , Men Shuai , Zhang Jinglu , Wang Leilei
Published: July 2023

Purpose
To report a case of a five-month-old Chinese infant who died of IRAK-4 deficiency presenting with rapid and progressive Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis.
Methods
The genetic etiology of IRAK-4 deficiency was confirmed through Trio- whole-exome sequencing (Trio-WES) and Sanger sequencing. The detected novel mutations were further investigated by in vitro minigene splicing assays.
Results
Two novel compound heterozygous mutations, c.942-1G > A and c.644_651 + 6delTTGCAGCAGTAAGT in the IRAK4 gene, were identified in this infant, which separately originated from his symptom-free parents. The c.942-1G > A canonical splice-site variant demonstrated aberrant splicing with a deletion of exon 9 on an in vitro minigene assay and was predicted to result in a truncated protein by frameshift mutation, p. (Ser314ArgfsTer4). The c.644_651 + 6delTTGCAGCAGTAAGT demonstrated aberrant splicing with a complete or 86 bp deletion of exon 5 and was predicted to result in two truncated proteins by frameshift mutation, p. (Arg164HisfsTer3) and p. (Gly189AspfsTer3).
Conclusions
Our new finding not only broadens the mutation spectrum of IRAK4 but also functionally corroborates the pathogenic effects of splice-site variants. In addition, this case highlights the importance of considering an underlying inborn error of immunity while dealing with unusually overwhelming infections in previously healthy children and broadening the antimicrobial coverage when suspected.
Bunching enhancement for coherent harmonic generation by using phase merging effects
Authors: Feng Ke , Jiang Kangnan , Hu Runshu , Luan Shixia , Wang Wentao , Li Ruxin
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a promising but simple scheme is investigated to enhance the micro-bunching of the relativistic electron beam for coherent harmonic generation (CHG) by using the phase merging effects. Different from the standard CHG scheme, two special designed dispersion sections (DSs) are adopted with the DS-modulator-DS configuration. The phase space of the e beam is appropriate coupled in DS-I and the electrons within one seed wavelength can merge to the same phase with a matched DS-II. The micro-bunching of the e beam can thus be enhanced by a large margin with much higher harmonic components. Taking the e beams from laser wakefield accelerators (LWFAs) as an example, a start-to-end simulation is performed to show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed scheme with several configurations. The notable enhancement of the up-conversion efficiency and intense coherent radiation in extreme ultraviolet regime can be obtained within a 3.5-m-long beamline. The proposed scheme offers new opportunities for future compact free electron lasers (FELs) driven by LWFAs and enables prospects for truly compact and widespread system.