bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EKOTURİZMİN GELİŞİMİNDE LİSANSÜSTÜ EĞİTİMİN ETKİSİ: EKOTURİZM BİLİM DALI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: ARI Serap
Published: April 2023

Turizm sektörünün geçmişteki istihdam durumu nedeni ile turizm eğitimi almış çalışan sayısının az olduğu bilinmektedir. Ancak, son yirmi yıl içerisinde turizm eğitimlerinin dünya genelinde yaygınlaşması, turizm sektöründe alanında uzman insanların çalıştırılması durumunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Turizm sektörünün birçok farklı çeşidi bulunmakta ve bunlardan biri de ekoturizm olarak belirtilmektedir. İnsanların son yıllarda şehirleşme ile kalabalıklardan kaç arzusu ve doğaya olan ilgisi nedeni ile ekoturizm önemli bir turizm çeşidi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Ekoturizmin artan önemli nedeni ile ekoturizm alanında özellikle lisansüstü eğitimler yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. Çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye’de ekoturizm alanında verilen lisansüstü eğitimlerin içeriklerinin ortaya konarak, turizm sektörüne etkilerinin ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Bu kapsamda, Ekoturizm Rehberliği alanında eğitim veren Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Giresun Üniversitesi, Şırnak Üniversitesi, Iğdır Üniversitesi ve İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Ekoturizm ile Ekoturizm Rehberliği Anabilim Dalı dersleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, Ekoturizm Rehberliği Anabilim Dalında verilen derslerin, ekoturizmi inceleme konusunda eksiklikleri olduğu, ekoturizmin nasıl turistik talep çekebileceğine yönelik uygulamalı eğitimlerin yapılması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, Türkiye’de ekoturizm kapsamında lisansüstü eğitim veren diğer üniversitelerin birimleri de incelenerek, karşılaştırılmalı çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur. Ekoturizm rehberliği alanında verilen lisansüstü eğitimlerin dersleri karşılaştırılarak, turizm sektörü açısından etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada, ekoturizm ile ilgili literatür bilgisi verilmiş, ekoturizm alanında yapılmış olan lisansüstü tezlerin içerikleri ve inceleme alanları hakkında bilgiler sunulmuştur.
Mistä varhaiskasvatuksen kaaoksessa on kysymys?
Authors: Havisalmi Jolanda , Reunamo Jyrki
Published: April 2023

Varhaiskasvatuksen henkilöstötilanne näyttää kriisiytyneen ja arki päiväkodeissa on paikoittain epävakaata. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, mitkä oppimisympäristön tekijät liittyvät korkeaksi arvioituun kaaokseen. Oppimisympäristöä lähestyttiin prosessilaadun näkökulmasta keskittyen vuorovaikutuksen sekä pedagogisen toiminnan ja sen johtamiseen liittyviin teemoihin. Lisäksi henkilöstön ja lasten toimintaa kaoottisissa oppimisympäristöissä tarkasteltiin lähemmin päiväkodin yleisen tilanteen, lapsen toiminnan sekä henkilöstön ja lasten sosiaalisten orientaatioiden kautta. Tutkimus toteutettiin valtakunnallisen Kehittävä palaute -menetelmän avulla. Aineisto kerättiin vuosina 2017–2021 satunnaisotannalla kahden toisistaan riippumattoman mittariston avulla. Aineisto koostui varhaiskasvatuksen henkilöstön tekemistä oppimisympäristöjen arvioista (n = 2652) sekä koulutettujen observoijien tekemistä lapsihavainnoista (201 851). Aineisto analysoitiin kvantitatiivisin menetelmin käyttäen pää-komponenttianalyysiä, reliabiliteettianalyysiä, korrelaatiota ja varianssianalyysiä. Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittavat, että riittämättömät resurssit ja rakenteet, puutteellinen pedagoginen johtaminen ja osaamisen kehittäminen sekä kylmä ilmapiiri ja epäsensitiivisyys ovat yhteydessä korkeaksi arvioituun kaaokseen. Tarkasteltaessa päiväkodin yleistä tilannetta, kaaos näyttäytyi korkeampana rutiininomaisissa tilanteissa ja vapaassa leikissä. Lasten toiminnassa korostui erityisesti sääntöjen vastainen, kielletty toiminta. Henkilöstön ja lasten välisessä vuorovaikutuksessa sosiaalisissa orientaatioissa painottuivat omaehtoisuus ja vetäytyneisyys.
Bilateral Pneumothorax in a case of severe COVID-19 Pneumonia with Pregnancy
Authors: Shah Bhavya Atul , Singh Ravendra , Julka Arti , Jain Swapnil
Published: April 2023

A 19-year old patient with 8th-month pregnancy was admitted in our hospital with severe COVID infection. She was put on oxygen support and managed as per COVID protocol. She had spontaneous vaginal delivery and the baby was found to be COVID-negative. She developed initially left and later right-sided Pneumothorax. She had prolonged hospitalization and was managed with intercostal drains, NIV, Remdesivir and chest physiotherapy. The pneumothoraxes resolved and she made a satisfactory recovery and could be discharged on room air.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH FUNGSI KUADRAT BERDASARKAN LANGKAH POLYA
Authors: Ayunengdyah Nandita , Khabibah Siti , Saraswati Sari
Published: March 2023

Problem solving becomes something important to be taught to students because it can practice critical thinking in solving the problems related to daily life. One of the mathematical materials that important to be taught because it related to daily life is the quadratic function. In fact, students still have many mistake to solve the problem of quadratic function problem that oriented to problem solving. The aim of this research is to describe (1) the student error location of problem solving based on Polya's step in the quadratic function material for tenth grade, (2) the student error causes of problem solving based on Polya's step in the quadratic function material for tenth grade. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The subjects in this research were 24 students of tenth grade in MA Al Anwar Pacul Gowang Jombang. Data collection techniques are the test, interview, and documentation. Data analysis through the data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results show that the location of the error problem solving made by students was the second Polya's step (making plan) and fourth (looking back). The causes of student problem solving error is because students are not accustomed to do on story problem, so that students are not understand the problem and rushing in working it.
KAJIAN KEKONVERGENAN LEMAH DI RUANG HILBERT
Authors: M.Hasbi Abubakar Sidiq
Published: March 2023

We have the sequence , where  a norm space. We have a dual space   too is the collection of linier and continous functional from norm space  into riil number system . If for all the sequence  convergent to    and    then   convergent to . The converse of this implication is not applicable . This study aims to explain the properties that apply to the ranks of the weak convergent and explain the relationship between the strong convergent sequence and the weak convergent sequence. From several reference sources then through the review process obtained weak nature of singularity limit sequence  and relationship between the strong convergent sequence and the weak convergent sequence that if  the sequence  is strong convergent therefore the sequence it weak convergent.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL MATEMATIKA MODEL PISSA PADA SISWA SMP
Authors: Dwi Shifa Sabillah
Published: March 2023

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika dengan model PISA. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu siswa di SMP Negeri 21 Palembang dengan subjek siswa kelas VIII sebanyak 10 orang siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian eksperimen. Teknik  pengambilan data pada penelitian kali ini adalah dengan tes tertulis, dan wawancara. Tes yang dilakukan yaitu dengan pemberian soal-soal matematika model PISA, sedangkan wawancara yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pedoman wawancara tidak terstruktur.  Teknik analisis data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari pengujian 5 soal tertulis, ternyata dapat dismpulkan  bahwa rata-rata kesalahan siswa terbanyak yaitu pada soal nomor 2 sesuai dengan tipe-tipe kesalahan menurut Newman yaitu (1) kesalahan membaca sebanyak 8, (2) Kesalahan memahami sebanyak 10, (3) kesalahan mentransformasi 10, (4) kesalahan ketrampilan proses sebanyak 10, (5) kesalahan penulisan jawaban sebanyak 9.
 
Kata Kunci: Analisis, Kesalahan, Model PISA Soal Hots
ANALISIS PROSES BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA PADA POKOK BAHASAN POLA DAN BARISAN BILANGAN
Authors: Rukman Nia Kurniaty , Zulfikar Ryan Nizar , Noel Romanti Ester
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyze how students’ critical thingking processes in solving mathematical problems on the subject of patterms and sequences of numbers of students at SMP N 3 Fatuleu Tengah Satap. This study used a qualitative  descriptive approach. Class VIII at SMP N 3 Fatuleu Tengah Satap, in solving patern and number sequence material questions the instrument provided in this study were 1) Critical Thingking test sheets, 2) Interviews, 3) Documentation. Documentation data analysis in this study,namely, 1) Data reducation, 2) presentation of data, 3) drawing conclusion/verivication based on data analysis, it can be concluded that 3 students with high mathematical abilities can go thourgh 4indicators and stages of the critical thingking process consisting of clarification (understand the problem), analysis (analysis the problem). Completion strategies (solving problems), and inference (making conclusions) on medium mathematical abilities students only go through the clarification and analysis stages but do not fulfill the strategy and inference stages and students with low mathematical abilities, namely students who interprect critical thingking on the answer sheet but are incomplete in answering.
A FAHP AND VIKOR METHOD FOR EVALUATION OF THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURE COMPANIES LISTED ON THE BELGRADE STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Kovjanić Milorad , Vukadinović Predrag , Knežević Snežana , Obradović Tijana , Mitrović Aleksandra , Grgur Aleksandar , Milašinović Marko
Published: April 2023

Decision-making can be improved by using different models by financial statements users for different purposes. In this paper, the FAHP model was implemented for financial performance evaluation of companies operating within the A-agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors on the Belgrade Stock Exchange. In addition, we used the VIKOR method, for ranking companies against the results achieved. With all the constrains shown, the research presented in this paper, raises questions for insight and future development, through the possibilities of ranking the financial performance of the company.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND AUTHORIZATIONS OF LABOR INSPECTION IN AGRICULTURE IN CASE OF TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Radovanović Vladimir
Published: April 2023

Agricultural work is the oldest form of work, but the rights of agricultural workers are still not sufficiently protected, especially if their legal position is compared to that of employees in other branches of the economy. One of the tools for improving the legal protection of farmers is through the work of labor inspection, as an important element of control over the application of the relevant legal regulations. Even though the legal status of employees in agriculture has seemingly experienced some normative progress, the situation is unfortunately still far from being ideal, especially regarding the protection of their rights in the employment relationship and the manner in which those rights are exercised in practice. In this regard, this paper will address universal international standards in this area and the compliance of domestic Serbian legislation with the relevant conventions and recommendations of the International Labor Organization. Additionally, a particular focus will be placed on protecting agricultural workers against illegal dismissal.
Successful discrimination of tiny numerical differences
Authors: Sanford Emily M. , Halberda Justin
Published: March 2023

Are there some differences so small that we cannot detect them? Are some quantities so similar (e.g., the number of spots on two speckled hens) that they simply look the same to us? Although modern psychophysical theories such as Signal Detection Theory would predict that, with enough trials, even minute differences would be perceptible at an above-chance rate, this prediction has rarely been empirically tested for any psychological dimension, and never for the domain of number perception. In an experiment with over 400 adults, we find that observers can distinguish which of two collections has more dots from a brief glance. Impressively, observers performed above chance on every numerical comparison tested, even when discriminating a comparison as difficult as 50 versus 51 dots. Thus, we present empirical evidence that numerical discrimination abilities, consistent with SDT, are remarkably fine-grained.
Numerical and Experimental Analyses of Hybrid Composites Made from Amazonian Natural Fibers
Authors: Del Pino Gilberto Garcia , Bezazi Abderrezak , Boumediri Haithem , Valin Rivera José Luis , Kieling Antonio Claudio , Garcia Sofia Dehaini , Macedo Neto José Costa de , Dos Santos Marcos Dantas , Panzera Tulio Hallak , Torres Aristides Rivera , Chagoyen Méndez César Alberto , Valenzuela Diaz Francisco Rolando
Published: April 2023

The application of lignocellulosic fibers as reinforcements in composite materials has found increasing use in recent years, due to the attractive characteristics of natural fibers such as their low cost, high specific modulus, biodegradability, abundance and with many technical qualities. Natural fiber hybrid composites are very frequently used in automotive aerospace and other industries. In this work, numerical and experimental analysis is carried out to compare curauá, jute and sisal fibers in epoxy composites for use in industry. The most appropriate hybridization effect by establishing the amounts of each fiber on the mechanical properties was considered. Finite Element Models were designed and validated through mechanical tests. The number of Finite Element models and specimens performed was determined through the design of experiments using the Taguchi Method and then the results were statistically validated. Higher strength was obtained in composites made with curauá fiber, followed by jute and sisal fibers. Such behavior was achieved by FEM and experimental tests, revealing an increase in tensile strength by increasing the amount of fibers up to 35% in total. Higher strength was achieved when the composite was made with curauá (20 wt.%), jute (10 wt.%) and sisal (5 wt.%) fibers. The results show a good agreement between the FEM and the experimental tests. Furthermore, the results of the present study were compared with those obtained previously mentioned in the open literature.
Does the Judiciary Support Legal Certainty? An Indonesian Perspective
Authors: Aditya Zaka Firma
Published: April 2023

Many legal thinkers have tried to interpret what and how the principle of legal certainty enforced. In both civil and common law traditions, legal certainty is considered a value and the basis for the legality of public authorities' legislative and administrative actions. The meaning of these two views, both Civil law and Common law, is that legal certainty is the embodiment of the principle of legal legality or in other words, legal certainty related to law enforcement itself. Interestingly, legal certainty begins with the legal uncertainty created by the institutions that form it. The judge's role in interpreting, translating and finding the law is crucial so that there is no legal vacuum due to the malfunction of the rule of law. This paper will discuss how the Indonesian judiciary supports legal certainty. The research method used is juridical normative with conceptual, and case approaches. The results of this study indicate that the Indonesian judiciary supports legal certainty through legal interpretation and legal findings made by judges. This legal interpretation and legal findings' primary purpose is to fill the legal gap left by laws that are multiple interpretations and ambiguous.
Teclistamab-cqyv: The First Bispecific T-Cell Engager Antibody for the Treatment of Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Hua, PharmD, BCOP Gwen , Scanlan, PharmD Candidate Ryan , Straining, PharmD, BCOP Rachael , S. Carlson, DO Daniel
Published: March 2023

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable malignancy originating from plasma cells. Despite significant advances in treatment, relapses remain inevitable, and novel therapies continue to be needed. Teclistamab-cqyv is a first-in-class, bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody for the treatment of MM. Teclistamab-cqyv activates the immune system by binding to the cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) receptor expressed on the surface of T cells and to the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) expressed on the surface of MM cells and some healthy B-lineage cells. Teclistamab-cqyv has been shown to be effective in a pivotal trial that demonstrated an overall response rate of more than 60% in heavily pretreated patients. Compared with other BCMA-targeted agents, the side effect profile of teclistamab-cqyv suggests a more tolerable option for elderly patients. Teclistamab-cqyv is now approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory MM.
ARMÜRLÜ NUMUNE KUMAŞ DOKUMA TEZGÂHLARI İÇİN TAHAR VE ARMÜR PROGRAMI
Authors: Özan Kadir
Published: March 2023

Numune kumaş dokuma tezgâhları, dokuma işletmelerinde üretilmek istenen kumaşın seri üretime geçilmeden önce numunesini dokumak için kullanılmaktadır. Aynı zamanda tekstil alanında eğitim-öğretim faaliyeti yürüten meslek liseleri, meslek yüksekokulları ve mühendislik fakültelerinde öğrencilerin kumaş yapıbilgisi, kumaş tasarımını öğretmek amacıyla yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, armürlü numune kumaş dokuma makineleri için tahar ve armür planı ile çerçeve hareketlerini kontrol eden düğmelerin pozisyonlarını gösteren bir program incelenmiştir. Uygulama yazılımı Visual Basic 6.0 programı kullanılarak Windows tabanlı olarak geliştirilmiştir.
Gestão e contabilização de inventários na indústria dos componentes automóveis. Um estudo de caso
Authors: Borreicho Inês Isabel Dias , Kaizeler Ana Catarina Pagarim Ribeiro
Published: April 2023

Os inventários são componentes essenciais para qualquer empresa inserida no setor industrial. Recorrendo à metodologia de estudo de caso de uma empresa do setor de produção de componentes automóveis, investiga-se a aplicabilidade das técnicas de gestão de inventários apresentadas na revisão literatura e a sua importância no apoio ao reconhecimento e mensuração destes ativos nas Demonstrações Financeiras. Para esse efeito analisa-se um report de uma empresa, estruturado mensalmente. Abordam-se também os conceitos fulcrais envolventes na temática dos inventários, sejam financeiros, de contabilidade de gestão, ou de gestão, e salienta-se as técnicas mais utlizadas no setor de fabricação de componentes automóveis, de modo a solucionar a problemática do tratamento contabilístico e de gestão de inventários. O contributo deste trabalho propõe a apresentação de uma solução, realçando o papel da contabilidade de gestão e a sua importância para suportar a mensuração dos inventários nas demonstrações financeiras e de acordo com os normativos aplicáveis.
Eficácia dos indicadores de alerta precoce do RFALEI na identificação dos municípios que ultrapassaram o limite ao endividamento
Authors: Dos Santos Paula Alexandra Rocha Gomes , Martinho Carla Alexandra , Pinho Carlos Pedro dos Santos
Published: April 2023

A necessidade de gerir a dívida dos municípios traduz-se, em Portugal, na existência de um framework legal consubstanciado, nomeadamente, no respetivo regime financeiro. O regime em vigor (desde 2014), estabelece limites à divida total e define mecanismos de prevenção do endividamento. Esta investigação analisou os municípios portugueses que ultrapassaram o limite ao endividamento e, em que medida, aqueles indicadores de alerta precoce permitem identificar a situação de incumprimento em cada um dos períodos estudados (2011 a 2013 e 2014 a 2016). O indicador da taxa execução da receita tem vindo a melhorar significativamente desde 2014, parecendo estar a contribuir para a elaboração de orçamentos menos sobreavaliados. Quanto à eficácia dos indicadores, conclui-se que no período de 2014 a 2016, ambos são estatisticamente significativos em termos de correlação. No entanto, o indicador “dívida total maior ou igual à média da receita corrente” revelou-se mais eficaz na identificação dos municípios em incumprimento.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Presenting with Raynaud’s Phenomenon in an Elderly: End of Road?
Authors: Agarwal Aaditi , Ahuja Abhinav , Phate Neha , Kumar Sunil
Published: April 2023

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorder where the immune system of the body attacks the healthy cells and causes inflammation. Raynaud’s Phenomenon (RP) is a disorder of small blood vessels supplying the distal parts of the limbs where decrease in blood supply leads to infarction of that area. It occurs secondary to other disorders as in this case with RA. The report is about an 80-year-old female patient who presented with chief complaints of bluish discolouration over distal parts of hands and feet as well as pain in joints of all limbs. She had gangrene developing over the tips of fingers and toes, ulcer over the lower end of right foot, cold extremities, swelling over elbow and knee joints, oedematous hands and feet, and loss of pin prick needle sensations. With all the clinical presentations and investigation findings, the patient was diagnosed with RA presenting with RP. The patient was first started with the treatment for RA and then was managed symptomatically for vasculitis. Due to the old age factor and the advanced stage of the disease, the patient developed septicaemia and died due to cardiac arrest.
Middle Ear Function Changes due to the Combined Effect of Pressure along with Fluid in Middle Ear Pressure Regulation- A Review
Authors: Lanjekar Puja Dinkar , Gaurkar Sagar
Published: April 2023

The pressure changes in Middle Ear (ME) are due to the effect of both fluid and pressure, which can be detected by tympanometry. In this review article, the mathematical and formal model of regulation of ME pressure is discussed. The air pressure in the ME chamber and the surrounding environment are the same. The auditory tube is a common connection between the ME chamber and the nasopharynx. The main functional role of the auditory tube is the ventilation of ME. When a person breathes air through an auditory tube, it enters into the ME and ventilates it. The ossicles in the ME collect sound from the tympanic membrane and transfer it to the inner ear, which requires proper ventilation of the ME. The auditory tube maintains ME pressure, the same as the external auditory canal and outside pressure. If an auditory tube is blocked, it leads to failure to ventilate ME, leading to changes in ME pressure. Swallowing and yawning allow the passive opening of the auditory tube and thus results in air flow out of the chamber. Easy and passive air exchange is allowed from the ME to the pharynx if, the pressure in the ME is higher than in the surrounding environment. ME pressure is highly variable and can change in many conditions. ME pressures increase when the body rotates from a vertical to a horizontal position because it increases the effusion of the ME mucosa due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure, which leads to an increase in the perfusion rate. Therefore, pressure increases in the case of sleeping and drowsiness. Regulation of ME pressure is a physiological process in which pressure between ME and the surrounding environment is maintained at equilibrium. The mechanism of pressure regulation is possible because of the complex sensory neural reflex pathway. A laser doppler vibrometer measures displacement of the tympanic membrane in response to sound and ME compliance is calculated by tympanometry. The movement of the tympanic membrane reduces due to the combined effect of fluid and pressure on the ME. The ME functions are altered due to the negative pressure of the fluid rather than the positive pressure.
Incidence of Enteric Fever and their Resistant Pattern among School going Children in Ghaziabad, Uttar PradeshA Matter of Concern
Authors: Kaira Sanjay Singh , Gupta Geeta , Makkar Anuradha
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Children still experience enteric fever as a severe health problem in developing countries like India. It is an infectious disease that exclusively affects humans. In the developing world, it is one of the most prevalent bacterial causes of acute febrile sickness and is spread by the consumption of unhygienic food or water. Aim: To identify the incidence and resistance pattern of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi isolated from school-age children. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among children with Salmonella enterica infections in the Department of Microbiology, Santosh Medical College and Hospital in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. During the study period, (July 2021-June 2022) a total of 776 blood samples were obtained from school going children (03-17 years old) and immediately inoculated into Bact/Alert aerobic blood culture bottle and incubated at 37°C for upto five days. After receiving a positive result from Bact/Alert, Gram staining was done. Standard microbiological procedures were followed such as different biochemical reactions, agglutination with different antisera for the identification of Salmonella serotypes. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion method. Data was analysed by software version 16.0 of the Statistical Programme for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: Total 88 Salmonella isolates were found, of which 21 (23.86%) were Salmonella Paratyphi A and 67 (76.14%) were Salmonella Typhi. Infection rate was more common in summer season. S. Typhi as well as S. Paratyphi A was found to be most resistance to Nalidixic acid {58 (86.6%), 19 (90.5%)} followed by ciprofloxacin {42 (62.7%), 18 (85.7%)}. Ceftriaxone and azithromycin resistance pattern among S. Typhi isolates was 07 (10.4%) and 15 (22.4%), respectively and among S. Paratyphi A it was found to be 07 (33.33%) and 06 (28.6%), respectively. Conclusion: This study found an increase in resistance to ceftriaxone and azithromycin, which are frequently thought of as the best medications for empiric therapy in children. Regular monitoring of the resistance pattern is necessary for doctors to select the appropriate empiric therapy due to the increasing resistance to the available class of antibiotics.
Biological Control of Groundnut Stem Rot and Collar Rot Pathogens under in vitro Conditions
Authors: Rani V. Divya , Sudini Hari , Reddy P. Narayan , Devi G. Uma , Sadaiah K. , Kumar K. Vijay Krishna
Published: March 2023

The experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions by using native isolates. These were tested against stem rot (S. rolfsii) and collar rot (A. niger) pathogens of groundnut under in vitro conditions by using dual culture technique. The fungal and bacterial bioagents which are inhibitory against these pathogens were identified by 18S rRNA (fungi) and 16S rRNA (bacteria) techniques and were compared with those from the GenBank using the BLAST program. Among fungal isolates T. harzianum (MBNRT-1) was superior in inhibition of S. rolfsii and A. niger and the per cent inhibitions were 70.5% in case S. rolfsii whereas; in A. niger the inhibition was 72.9 per cent. Among native bacterial isolates the isolate B. amyloliquifaciens (MBNRB-3) and is significantly superior over the other isolates in inhibiting the pathogens S. rolfsii and A. niger under in vitro conditions and the inhibitions were 66.6 per cent and 63.0 per cent respectively. Further, compatibility of effective fungal and bacterial bioagents T. harzianum (MBNRT-1) and B. amyloliquifaciens (MBNRB-3) with six fungicides and eight herbicides indicated that among the fungicides the azoxystrobin was highly compatible with both the bioagents T. harzianum (MBNRT-1) and B. amyloliquifaciens (MBNRB-3) whereas, among the herbicides imazethapyr + imazamox was found to be compatible with both the bioagents with all the concentrations. While, tebuconazole, thiram, mancozeb+carbendazim (fungicides) and quizolofop-p-ethyl and pendimethalin (herbicides) were highly inhibitory to the T. harzianum (MBNRT-1) and B. amyloliquifaciens (MBNRB-3) under in vitro conditions.
Interaction between Castor Bean oil and Jatropha oil to Control the Brassica Aphids
Authors: Piffer Ana Beatriz Mamedes , Holtz Anderson Mathias , Botti Jéssica Mayara Coffler , Carvalho Jose Romário de , Aguiar Ronilda Lana , Alves Amanda Gonçalves , Gomides Ana Clara Paiva , Marchiori Johnatan Jair de Paula , Magnani Bruna de Oliveira , Bolsoni Evellyn Zuqui , Fontes Patricia Soares Furno
Published: April 2023

The aim of this work was to study the effect of the interaction between castor bean oil (Ricinus communis) and jatropha oil (Jatropha curcas) on the aphid, Myzus persicae. The experiment was realized at the Institute Federal of Espírito Santo in Brazil. Tests were conducted in a completely randomized design, with 11 treatments and 10 repetitions, arranged in a factorial arrangement of 11 (interactions between oils) x 2 (application forms). The concentration used in this test was 3 %. Treatment interaction ratios were 0-100; 10-90; 20-80; 30 -70; 40-60; 50-50; 60-40; 70-30; 80-20; 90-10; 100-0 % jatropha and castor bean oil, respectively. Tests of direct and indirect application were performed. The evaluations were performed 24, 48, and 72 hours after the applications. For both forms of application, there were significant mortalities. Mortalities greater than 70 % were observed when the interaction contained more significant amounts of jatropha than castor bean. However, a negative interaction was observed between concentrations with similar proportions. In conclusion, for both application forms, the interaction between jatropha and castor bean oils effectively reduce the population of M. persicae.
INTRAPRENEURSHIP OF MIDDLE-LEVEL MANAGERS: HOW TO TRIGGER THEIR ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION?
Authors: Timotius Elkana
Published: March 2023

This research aimed to find a way to trigger the achievement motivation of middle-level managers as intrapreneurs. It was quantitative research with data collected from 41 store managers in a national bicycle retail chain in Indonesia through 32-Likert scale questions. Path analysis measures the effect of three independent variables and one intervening variable on a dependent variable. The findings indicated that the achievement motivation of a middle-level manager was directly affected by the reward system and job satisfaction. However, they need management support to become intrapreneurs in the retail business. Management support had a significant direct effect on job satisfaction and a significant indirect and direct effect on achievement motivation. The work environment, reward system, and management support simultaneously directly affected achievement motivation. In short, these findings encourage companies to focus on management support to trigger the achievement motivation of middle-level managers. Job satisfaction, reward system, and work environment also contribute to reaching this objective consecutively.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Insurance Outcomes After Job Loss During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhang Zhanji , Escarce José J. , Rünger Dennis , Campbell James , Huckfeldt Peter J.
Published: March 2023

This cohort study uses national survey data to assess the racial and ethnic differences in insurance coverage after job loss during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Attack phenotypes and disease course in pediatric MOGAD
Authors: Santoro Jonathan D. , Beukelman Timothy , Hemingway Cheryl , Hokkanen Suvi R. K. , Tennigkeit Frank , Chitnis Tanuja
Published: March 2023

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody‐associated disease (MOGAD) is an autoimmune demyelinating condition that affects children differently than adults. We performed a literature review to assess the presentation and clinical course of pediatric MOGAD. The most common initial phenotype is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, especially among children younger than five years, followed by optic neuritis (ON) and/or transverse myelitis. Approximately one‐quarter of children with MOGAD have at least one relapse that typically occurs within three years of disease onset and often includes ON, even if ON was not present at onset. Clinical risk factors for a relapsing course have not been elucidated.
Direct Observation of Magnetic Bubble Lattices and Magnetoelastic Effects in van der Waals Cr2Ge2Te6
Authors: McCray Arthur R. C. , Li Yue , Qian Eric , Li Yi , Wang Wei , Huang Zhengjie , Ma Xuedan , Liu Yuzi , Chung Duck Young , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Petford‐Long Amanda K. , Phatak Charudatta
Published: March 2023

Ferromagnetic van der Waals (vdW) materials are of large current interest for the fundamental study of low‐dimensional magnetism and for potential applications in multilayer heterostructures. Cr2Ge2Te6 (CGT) is particularly exciting because it is a ferromagnetic semiconductor with tunable electronic and magnetic properties. Controlling the magnetic domain structure of CGT is a requirement for understanding its novel interface physics and for tuning behavior for potential devices. Herein, cryo‐Lorentz transmission electron microscopy is performed in the temperature range of 12–50K to directly image the magnetic domain structures in CGT. A rich phase diagram of domain structures including stripe domains, magnetic bubble lattices of mixed‐chirality, and topologically‐protected lattices of homochiral magnetic bubbles is observed. The types and chiralities of the bubbles can be controlled by topographical changes in the CGT flakes. Additionally, it is observed that in‐plane strain and magnetoelastic coupling can align and organize both bubble lattices and stripe domains. This study provides insights into creating and controlling complex magnetic domain structures for integration into multilayer heterostructures and for future studies of 2D magnetism.
Tumor Immunophenotyping‐Derived Signature Identifies Prognosis and Neoadjuvant Immunotherapeutic Responsiveness in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Jia‐Bin , Qiu Qing‐Zhu , Zheng Qiao‐Ling , Zhao Ya‐Jun , Xu Yu , Zhang Tao , Wang Shuan‐Hu , Wang Quan , Jin Qin‐Wen , Ye Yin‐Hua , Li Ping , Xie Jian‐Wei , Lin Jian‐Xian , Lu Jun , Chen Qi‐Yue , Cao Long‐Long , Yang Ying‐Hong , Zheng Chao‐Hui , Huang Chang‐Ming
Published: March 2023

The effectiveness of neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is confirmed in clinical trials; however, the patients suitable for receiving this therapy remain unspecified. Previous studies have demonstrated that the tumor microenvironment (TME) dominates immunotherapy; therefore, an effective TME classification strategy is required. In this study, five crucial immunophenotype‐related molecules (WARS, UBE2L6, GZMB, BATF2, and LAG‐3) in the TME are determined in five public gastric cancer (GC) datasets (n = 1426) and an in‐house sequencing dataset (n = 79). Based on this, a GC immunophenotypic score (IPS) is constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox, and randomSurvivalForest. IPSLow is characterized as immune‐activated, and IPSHigh is immune‐silenced. Data from seven centers (n = 1144) indicate that the IPS is a robust and independent biomarker for GC and superior to the AJCC stage. Furthermore, patients with an IPSLow and a combined positive score of ≥5 are likely to benefit from neoadjuvant anti‐PD‐1 therapy. In summary, the IPS can be a useful quantitative tool for immunophenotyping to improve clinical outcomes and provide a practical reference for implementing neoadjuvant ICI therapy for patients with GC.
Pathogenic genomic alterations in Chinese pancreatic cancer patients and their therapeutical implications
Authors: Zhao Zhiming , Li Xiaomo , Wang Fei , Xu Yong , Liu Si , Han Quanli , Yang Zhiying , Huang Weiwei , Yin Zhuzeng , Liu Qu , Tan Haidong , Ma Tonghui , Si Shuang , Huang Jia , Yuan Hongling , Li Wei , Liu Rong
Published: March 2023

Background

Approximately 90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases are driven by the untargetable non‐G12CKRASmutations, and only a small subset of patients are eligible for FDA‐approved precision therapies. The practice of precision therapy in pancreatic cancer was limited by the paucity of targetable genetic alterations, especially in the Asian population.

Methods

To explore therapeutic targets in 499 Chinese PDAC patients, a deep sequencing panel (OncoPanscan™, Genetron health) was used to characterize somatic alterations including point mutations, indels, copy number alterations, gene fusions as well as pathogenic germline variants.

Results

We performed genomic profiling in 499 Chinese PDAC patients, which revealed somatic driver mutations inKRAS,TP53,CDKN2A,SMAD4,ARID1A,RNF43, and pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) in cancer predisposition genes includingBRCA2,PALB2, andATM. Overall, 20.4% of patients had targetable genomic alterations. About 8.4% of patients carried inactivating germline and somatic variants inBRCA1/2andPALB2, which were susceptible to platinum and PARP inhibitors therapy. Patients withKRASwild‐type disease and early‐onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) harbored actionable mutations includingBRAF,EGFR,ERBB2, andMAP2K1/2. Compared to PGV‐negative patients, PGV‐positive patients were younger and more likely to have a family history of cancer. Furthermore, PGVs inPALB2,BRCA2, andATMwere associated with high PDAC risk in the Chinese population.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated that a genetic screen of actionable genomic variants could facilitate precision therapy and cancer risk reduction in pancreatic cancer patients of Asian ethnicity.
Design of a broadband power amplifier based on high‐efficiency impedance space
Authors: Wang Jingying , Yao Ruohe , Xiong Zhenting , Qin Jian , Wang Hong
Published: March 2023

We propose a broadband high‐efficiency power amplifier (PA) with output power between 42.6 and 44.7 dBm, drain efficiency (DE) over 62%, and power additional efficiency (PAE) over 52% in the 2.3–3.5GHz frequency band. This PA effectively combines the high‐efficiency characteristics of class‐F PAs with the advantages of controlling the second harmonic for obtaining high efficiency at large bandwidth. The Dual Band Harmonic Control and Matching Network (DBHCN) realizes the conversion from 50 Ω to high‐efficiency impedance space (HEIS) while controlling the high‐order harmonics in different frequency bands. The proposed PA can be used for the fifth‐generation mobile communication technology (5G) base stations and broadband radars.
Gut microbiome–based therapeutics in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Hu Kelly A. , Gubatan John
Published: March 2023

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that is thought to arise from a combination of environmental, genetic and immunological factors. The gut microbiome, a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms residing in the digestive tract, has been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of IBD. There is an unmet clinical need for microbiome‐based therapies. This review will discuss the landscape of microbiome‐based therapeutics in IBD. Microbiome‐targeted therapeutics, such as antibiotics, pre‐/probiotics and faecal microbiota transplant (FMT), are based on the premise that restoring a healthy gut microbiome can attenuate mucosal inflammation. Antibiotics work directly to impede growth or eradicate specific gut microorganisms. Antibiotics may play a role in inducing clinical remission and treating refractory pouchitis and may be associated with immunogenicity to anti‐TNF biologics in IBD. Prebiotics are the molecular metabolic building blocks for commensal gut bacteria. Probiotics artificially introduce gut microorganisms thought to be beneficial to the local microenvironment and maybe be associated with symptom relief in IBD. FMT similarly introduces bacteria found in higher proportions of healthy persons, though in a more direct manner than probiotics. FMT has been associated with increased rates of clinical remission in IBD, but heterogeneity in FMT response may be influenced by IBD subtype, FMT donor selection and delivery protocols. Current evidence suggests that microbiome‐targeted therapeutics may have some benefit for IBD. Several studies are underway exploring the targeting of specific gut microbes or microbial pathways as therapy in IBD.
MOPREDAS_century database and precipitation trends in mainland Spain, 1916–2020
Authors: Gonzalez‐Hidalgo J. C. , Beguería S. , Peña‐Angulo D. , Trullenque‐Blanco V.
Published: March 2023

Due to its geographical location in the western Mediterranean region, the Iberian Peninsula involves a challenge for current climatic conditions and future projections. In this study we analysed monthly precipitation trends over mainland Spain from 1916 to 2020 by using the new MOPREDAS_century database. This database combines information from the Spanish Meteorological Agency's archives, as well as data retrieved from Annual Summaries between 1916 and 1950. A combination of both sources produced the largest amount of original information ever collected and researched in mainland Spain between 1916 and 2020.
Pharmacogenomics and beyond! Customized pharmacotherapy for solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Lemke Adley , Wright Jessica , May Heather
Published: March 2023

Solid organ transplant recipients are reliant on immunosuppressive drugs, which have a narrow therapeutic index, and are concurrently vulnerable to adverse drug events due to comorbidity burden and the complexity of their medication regimens. Urgent management of post‐transplant complications often falls to the generalist clinician or critical care specialist. The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss innovations and bedside applications of pharmacogenomics and therapeutic drug monitoring applied to immunosuppression and agents frequently encountered in transplant recipients. Medication formulations will be given specific attention, as interchange is frequently required in the acute care setting. Bioassays quantifying immune system activity will be described with practical applications. A structured approach to addressing drug–drug, drug‐gene, and drug–drug‐gene interactions will be modeled using a case‐based approach synthesizing pharmacogenomics, therapeutic drug monitoring, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic principles.
When Adverse Childhood Experiences Present to a Statewide Child Psychiatry Access Program
Authors: Ferro Rebecca A. , DiFatta Riley , Khan Kainat N. , Coble Kelly , Reinblatt Shauna P. , Bettencourt Amie F.
Published: March 2023

Many children experience adversity, yet few receive needed psychiatric services. Pediatric primary care providers (PCPs) are uniquely positioned to intervene but often lack training and resources to provide patients with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) the psychiatric support they need. The current study examines characteristics of youth with and without ACEs who were the focus of PCP contacts with a statewide child psychiatry access program (CPAP). Compared to those without ACEs, patients with ACEs were more often receiving medication treatment at time of CPAP contact, prescribed two or more psychotropic medications, and diagnosed with two or more mental health disorders. Study findings indicate that patients with ACEs for whom PCPs sought CPAP support were experiencing more clinically severe and complex mental health concerns. These findings underscore the important role of CPAPs in supporting PCPs with pediatric patients who have ACEs and will inform training provided by CPAPs to PCPs.
Vernacular Names of Traditional Rice Varieties Reveal the Unique History of Maroons in Suriname and French Guiana
Authors: Pinas Nicholaas , van de Loosdrecht Marieke , Maat Harro , van Andel Tinde
Published: March 2023

Rice is a keystone crop in all Maroon communities in Suriname and French Guyana today and they cultivate hundreds of traditional varieties. Historically, rice can be considered an indicator crop for successful marronnage in the Guianas. Unraveling local variety names can reveal the history, farming systems, spiritual significance and probably the diversity of rice in Maroon communities. We interviewed 67 rice farmers (96% female), collected over 400 rice specimens and built a database with 284 unique rice names from our own fieldwork and previously collected names. The process of naming a rice variety is complex, but there are recurrent patterns among the five Maroon groups we studied. We categorized names referring to morphology, agronomy, animals, humans, and rice brought from specific regions or by other Maroon and non-Maroon groups. Very few names are shared between Maroon groups. When we showed the farmers six rice varieties from outside their village, all recognized African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and pende (O. sativa with spotted husks). When a variety was unknown, an initial name was given based on its morphology. Maroon rice names are truly unique as they reflect the varieties that were available, the history of plantations and marronnage, climate aspects that influenced the selection of farmers, the many separate groups of runaways joining the Maroons, the adaptation to the Amazonian ecosystem, and their contacts with outsiders. Our results show that unravelling Maroon rice names leads to a better understanding of the close connection between the process of marronage, locally developed agricultural practices, and connections to West Africa. These historical origins continue to exist and form a unique Maroon system of variety exchange, farm management and crop diversity.
On the effect of adverse pressure gradients on wall-pressure statistics in a controlled-diffusion aerofoil turbulent boundary layer
Authors: Caiazzo A. , Pargal S. , Wu H. , Sanjosé M. , Yuan J. , Moreau S.
Published: March 2023

Wall-pressure and velocity statistics in the turbulent boundary layer (TBL) on a cambered controlled-diffusion aerofoil at

$8^{\circ }$

incidence, a Mach number of 0.25 and a chord-based Reynolds number

${Re}_c=1.5\times 10^{5}$

are analysed at four locations on the suction side with zero and adverse pressure gradients (ZPG and APG), characterised by increasing Reynolds numbers based on momentum thickness,

${Re}_{\theta }=319$

, 390, 877 and

$1036$

. The strong APG yields a highly non-equilibrium TBL at the trailing edge that significantly affects the turbulent flow statistics. Different normalisations of the full wall-pressure statistics involved in trailing-edge noise are analysed for the first time in such strong APG with convex curvature, and compared with available experimental and numerical data. Good overall agreement is found in the ZPG region, and most results obtained in previous APG TBL can be extended to the present highly non-equilibrium case. The presence of strong APG augments the intensity of wall-pressure fluctuations noticeably at low frequencies, shortens the streamwise and broadens the spanwise coherence of wall-pressure fluctuations in both time and space, and significantly reduces the convection velocity. The wall-pressure power spectral density are found to scale with the displacement thickness, the Zaragola–Smits velocity and the root-mean-squared pressure, the latter possibly being replaced by the local maximum Reynolds shear stress. The other two key parameters to trailing-edge noise modelling, the spanwise coherence length and the convection velocity, rather scale with displacement thickness and friction velocity, respectively.