bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Why Care Now” in Forced Migration Research?
Authors: Clark-Kazak Christina
Published: October 2023

This article lays out the ethical, epistemological, and methodological reasons for radical care ethics in research in forced migration. Drawing on a growing body of literature and recent initiatives to codify ethics in forced migration studies, it highlights the transformational potential of a radical feminist care approach to the “ethical turn” in the field. I suggest that radical care ethics re-centers reciprocal human relationships in forced migration research to address specific ethical challenges posed by the criminalization of migration, extreme power asymmetries, precarities in migration status and politicization of migration policies. It is incumbent on all forced migration researchers to think proactively and carefully about ethics beyond procedures prescribed by institutional processes. I conclude with ways in which we can build on examples of radical care ethics in forced migration studies to imagine an “otherwise” (Povinelli 2012b) in our field.
British Secret Services’ Political Agency and the Intelligence Intervention in the Russian North in 1918-1919
Authors: Ivanov Andrei Alexandrovich
Published: October 2023

In modern conditions the range of use of intelligence in politics is expanding. Today, experts single out intelligence operations as a separate kind of informational confrontation, on a par with the cybernetic and psychological struggle. In international conflicts, the goals are more and more often achieved not through direct military influence, but using alternative forms: sabotage, economic, diplomatic, etc. One of the widespread areas of secret services’ activity appears to be the interference into the development of the political systems of sovereign states. Thus, nowadays on a par with military interventions there are economic, diplomatic, ideological, intelligence, etc. interventions. This circumstance significantly complicates both the detection of foreign interventions and realization of countermeasures. It is especially difficult to solve these tasks in a situation of reconnaissance/intelligence intervention carried out by the secret services, whose activities are, as a rule, autonomous and entirely based on the use of unofficial methods and techniques, quite often associated with violation of the law. Moreover, as far as the choice of a interventional course by the government mostly depends on the information on the development of the situation provided by various departments, a misestimation is possible due to high level of bias in the work of intelligence-analytical services. In this perspective, studying the experience of past interventions largely reveals the most dangerous for the state forms of external interference. Account of this experience is a necessary condition for the formation of ability of society to resist disorganization and the crisis of statehood.
The Russian Origin of hybrid warfare as a tool to promote the Anti-Russian Agenda in Western Society
Authors: Ilyichev Anton Vladimirovich
Published: October 2023

The author examines the publications of Western authors on the subject of hybrid warfare from 2014 to 2022, inclusive. The purpose of the study is to analyze the views of Western political and military experts that hybrid warfare is a development of Russian military thought, as one of the mechanisms to promote the anti-Russian agenda. The subject of the study is the publications of Western researchers on the topics of information and hybrid warfare from 2014 to 2022. The object of the study is a Russophobic narrative created around the phenomenon of hybrid warfare by Western political and military experts. The Russophobic narrative means a constructed sequence of images and ideas of an anti-Russian orientation, clothed in the form of a scientific narrative. Due to the huge array of publications for the period from 2014 to 2022, the work analyzed studies reflecting the main specifics of the views of Western authors on the subject under consideration. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that Western researchers began to attribute hybrid warfare to the development of Russian military theorists in 2014, which falls on a new round of active confrontation between Russia and the United States and the beginning of an active anti-Russian campaign in the West. Hybrid warfare has become a journalistic cliche today, which experts and journalists use to describe any actions that do not fit within the framework of traditional ideas about the principles of conventional warfare. Based on initially false and unsubstantiated theses, Western authors accuse Russia of waging a "barbaric war" on the territory of Ukraine in the period from 2014 to 2022. This study revealed that all the tools and elements of hybrid warfare described by Western experts have been successfully used by the United States and the NATO bloc in the course of modern military conflicts. Thus, the humanitarian sphere in the West has turned into another element of propaganda.
Study of birch bark handicrafts of the Oroqen people in China
Authors: ZHANG XIAOLI
Published: October 2023

The aim of this paper is to characterise the characteristics of birch bark crafts of one of the ethnic minority groups, the Oroqen people who live in north-eastern China. The following research methods were used: description, synthesis and classification. The paper examines the characteristics of the handicrafts of the Oroqen people, namely forms, patterns and cultural connotations of ethnic birch bark art. including the cultural component, historical evolution of art and its distribution.Research objectives: to study the characteristic features of traditional fine arts of ethnic minority Oroqen people, classification of traditional art, analysis of the production technology, analysis of the general characteristics of traditional art. Scientific novelty of the study: The art of ethnic minorities in Northeast China has a long history and diversity of types, has a deep cultural connotation, while the Oroqen people have a diverse heritage of folk arts, and birch bark craftsmanship is one of the most important elements. This fact determines the scientific novelty of this study. Conclusions: The paper concludes that the ethnic birchbark art of the Oroqen people has been influenced by the following factors: lifestyle, religion and cultural heritage.The art of the people is determined by their style and standard of living, religion and cultural heritage.
Development of hydropower generation as a factor of the international agenda
Authors: Sizov Andrei Andreevich
Published: October 2023

The subject of the article is the development of global hydropower generation as an integral part of the international energy agenda. The introduction of hydropower generation technologies meets the main challenges of the global energy market, contributes to increasing energy efficiency and saving resources, represents a great potential for solving global problems: creating an energy base for economic development in developing countries, increasing domestic production, stabilizing the social situation, reducing dependence on hydrocarbons, reducing carbon dioxide emissions, increasing energy security. The development of hydropower contributes to increasing the stability of the global energy infrastructure, allows us to achieve the clearest correspondence between the needs of the energy system and the volume of electricity generation. The scientific novelty of the work lies, first of all, in its macroeconomic nature. The main conclusion of the study is that hydrogenation plays a significant role on the international agenda, contributing to the achievement of sustainable development goals, combating climate change and ensuring energy stability and economic development. Hydroelectric power plants allow states to increase their independence and mitigate the consequences of rising energy prices. In the conditions of modern energy transition, hydrogenation can be considered as the optimal solution to two seemingly contradictory problems: ensuring the possibility of economic development, improving living standards, and reducing anthropogenic impact on the environment. The most important development of hydropower is seen for the countries of the Global South, which are in conditions of permanent energy shortage. The development of this direction of electric generation will create a long-term stable basis for economic and social development, real economic decolonization, smoothing out the global imbalances of inequality of opportunities. The multiplicative economic effect of hydroelectric projects both at the stage of construction and operation of facilities is interesting, as well as the investment attractiveness of hydroelectric power as at the same time the cheapest, relatively predictable and environmentally friendly energy source corresponding to ESG certificates. The results obtained can be used to develop solutions in the field of hydropower in Russia, including in the field of the country's foreign policy.
Technologies for the Development of Personal Competitiveness of High School Students
Authors: Sosnovskaya Ekaterina M.
Published: October 2023

In the article, based on the analysis of scientific developments of domestic scientists, theoretical research and personal pedagogical experience of the authors, the concept of "competitiveness of personality" is revealed from the point of view of the tasks of pedagogy. The effectiveness of the competitive movement for the formation of personal competitiveness of high school students as a separate age category of students is substantiated. Among the competitions of achievements considered in the aspect of competitiveness education and traditionally used in school didactics, two main types are distinguished from the point of view of their form and content: subject Olympiads and contests of creative works. The role of pedagogical technologies as the main practical tool in the process of education in general and education of personal competitiveness in particular is determined. The analysis of pedagogical technologies as organized regular algorithmically constructed sequences of actions of the teacher and students, formed on the basis of pedagogical scientific research and allowing to solve practical problems related to the education of personal competitiveness of high school students. A technological model of educating the personal competitiveness of high school students using the potential of achievement contests has been developed. Within the framework of the model, some interrelated pedagogical technologies and groups of technologies are considered, the development, improvement and application of which is of practical importance for the formation of competitiveness, among which it is necessary to highlight the technology of personal competitiveness education developed by the author through the competitive movement, including a long-term set of measures for the preparation and participation of high school students in the competitive movement; the technology of organizing competitions of achievements in the direction of a more complete their compliance with the competitive realities of life; technology for measuring the competitiveness of high school students and evaluating pedagogical efforts to form competitiveness (diagnostic technology).
Painting skills in the system of professional training of designers of various profiles in modern Chinese universities
Authors: Qi Zhuo
Published: October 2023

The article examines the process of formation of painting skills as part of the professional training of designers of various profiles in modern China – a country with huge economic potential and in need of professional designers of various kinds of products. The problem of the research is that modern design is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. While it requires standardization and compliance with rules and regulations, it still presupposes a breadth of creative thinking and imagination, as well as the ability to implement their ideas in an artistic form. This puts forward the need to preserve and develop disciplines related to the visual arts, and in particular painting. The subject of the author's attention is Chinese design education, and the object is the role and place of painting in the process of training specialists in such popular areas as art design, fashion industry, building and interior design, industrial and computer design. The purpose of the study is to characterize the position of disciplines related to the pictorial art in Chinese design education at the present time. To do this, it is supposed to consistently consider the features of teaching painting for different specialties in the largest universities in China. It can appear as an integrated beginning in professional disciplines, be an independent and rather isolated discipline, and also be used as a means for mastering the theory of color. The duration of training also varies, as well as the degree of permissibility or undesirability of creative self-expression. The techniques of image in the process of preparing educational design projects of Chinese students are systematized. The interaction of the sketch of the future designer in color with the embodiment of the finished product is revealed.
Genre-thematic features of Russian video game journalism (using the example of StopGame You-Tube channels)
Authors: Ershova Irina , Dyachenko Anastasia Mikhailovna
Published: October 2023

In this paper, the subject of consideration is the YouTube content of the Russian Internet gaming portal StopGame. The purpose of the study is to identify genre-thematic features of Russian video game journalism. The work is based on the method of analysis, which is used in the study of StopGame content from the point of view of the subject and genre; a typological approach that allows to convey the characteristics of different groups of video materials; comparison, which was used to highlight the most popular genres among viewers. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the genres most fully represented in the video format are news, review and walkthrough, which is explained by their demand among the gaming audience, and their specifics were also identified and described in detail. The results of the study help to structure the thematic and genre features of game journalism at this stage of its development. These data are useful for practicing journalists who want to start working in the field of game journalism, and students studying in the field of Journalism, studying the development of this branch of journalistic activity. The novelty of the research is provided by the appeal to the video format of game journalism, which is at the stage of its formation. The undertaken research allows us to conclude about the uniqueness of game journalism. Being a young journalistic direction, it is confidently gaining an increasing audience both in Russia and abroad.
Polemic in the magazine "Son of the Fatherland" in 1818: on the issue of the author's problem in a documentary travelogue
Authors: Konstantinova Natalia Vladimirovna
Published: October 2023

The subject of the study is the ego-documents (polemical comments in the journal "Son of the Fatherland" in 1818) by V. B. Bronevsky and P. P. Svinyin – the authors of documentary travelogues about the Mediterranean campaign of Admiral D. N. Senyavin, as an example of reflection on the originality of writers' attitudes in travel notes. The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of the author's problem in a documentary travelogue, to identify individual author's strategies in the structure of the narrative, ways of expressing the author's origin in the text. The theoretical basis of the research was the works of E.G. Mestergazi, O.V. Kublitskaya, N.A. Ermakova, A.E. Kozlov, devoted to the analysis of the narrative structure of the documentary travelogue. To understand the specifics of the ways of author's self-expression in the documentary travelogue, the following research methods are used: biographical, structural-typological, historical-literary. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the special material and the approach used: the works presented in the "thick" magazines of the XIX century rarely fall into the research field, although they often demonstrate to a greater extent both stereotypical, "fashionable" writing trends and individual authorial ones. V. B. Bronevsky insists that the subject of the narrative must absolutely coincide with the biographical author of the text, observe accuracy in the transmission of facts about the journey, describe only what the witness witnessed on a real trip. P. P. Svinyin, on the contrary, argues that the author has the right to describe not only his own impressions, but also to be guided by someone else's opinion, to convey a general impression of significant events. Using the example of the highlighted differences, it is concluded that the authors of documentary travelogues imagined the distance between the biographical author and the subject of the narrative differently, reflecting on the process of text generation.
An advanced ensemble modeling approach for predicting carbonate reservoir porosity from seismic attributes
Authors: Topór Tomasz , Sowiżdżał Krzysztof
Published: October 2023

This study uses a machine learning (ML) ensemble modeling approach to predict porosity from multiple seismic attributes in one of the most promising Main Dolomite hydrocarbon reservoirs in NW Poland. The presented workflow tests five different model types of varying complexity: K-nearest neighbors (KNN), random forests (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), support vector machine (SVM), single layer neural network with multilayer perceptron (MLP). The selected models are additionally run with different configurations originating from the pre-processing stage, including Yeo–Johnson transformation (YJ) and principal component analysis (PCA). The race ANOVA method across resample data is used to tune the best hyperparameters for each model. The model candidates and the role of different pre-processors are evaluated based on standard ML metrics – coefficient of determination (R2), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The model stacking is performed on five model candidates: two KNN, two XGB, and one SVM PCA with a marginal role. The results of the ensemble model showed superior accuracy over single learners, with all metrics (R2 0.890, RMSE 0.0252, MAE 0.168). It also turned out to be almost three times better than the neural net (NN) results obtained from commercial software on the same testing set (R2 0.318, RMSE 0.0628, MAE 0.0487). The spatial distribution of porosity from the ensemble model indicated areas of good reservoir properties that overlap with hydrocarbon production fields. This observation completes the evaluation of the ensemble technique results from model metrics. Overall, the proposed solution is a promising tool for better porosity prediction and understanding of heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs from multiple seismic attributes.
Study on soil hydraulic properties of slope farmlands with different degrees of erosion degradation in a typical black soil region
Authors: Mai Jianjun , Wang Zijun , Hu Feinan , Huang Jinghua , Zhao Shi-wei
Published: October 2023

In order to explore the impact of soil erosion degradation on soil hydraulic properties of slope farmland in a typical black soil region, typical black soils with three degrees of erosion degradation (light, moderate and heavy) were selected as the research objects. The saturated hydraulic conductivity, water holding capacity and water supply capacity of the soils were analyzed, as well as their correlations with soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that the saturated hydraulic conductivity of black soils in slope farmlands decreased with erosion degradation degree, which was higher in 0–10 cm soil layer than in 10–20 cm soil layer. The water holding capacity and water supplying capacity of typical black soils also decreased with the increase of erosion degradation degree, and both of them were stronger in the upper soil than in the lower soil. With the aggravation of erosion degradation of black soils, soil organic matter content decreased while soil bulk density increased, leading to the decline of soil hydraulic conductivity. The increase of soil bulk density and the decrease of contents of organic matter and >0.25 mm water stable aggregates were the main factors leading to the decrease of soil water holding capacity. These findings provide scientific basis and basic data for rational utilization of soil water, improvement of land productivity and prevention of soil erosion.
A importância da técnica na compreensão geográfica dos territórios
Authors: Amorim Cassiano Caon , Moreira Diego de Souza
Published: October 2023

A compreensão geográfica que elaboramos da realidade considera que cada momento histórico dos processos de usos do território tem a marca de suas técnicas. O fenômeno técnico é apresentado frente às diferentes transformações vivenciadas em todos os lugares. Damos ênfase à compreensão do fenômeno técnico expresso nas dinâmicas funcionais do mundo do presente. Para a compreensão dos processos, identificamos o território usado como categoria analítica e encaramos a realidade como uma totalidade em movimento. Refletimos ainda sobre a difusão das ações e dos objetos técnicos, a qual não se dá de maneira uniforme ou homogênea, na constituição do meio técnico-científico-informacional.
Temporary Relining in Removable Prosthesis for Corrective and Conditioning Purposes: A Case Report
Authors: Júnior J. P. Silva , Veloso I. B. , Galvão L. F. , Almeida P. P. L. , Pereira T. S. , Gonçalves C. C. , Dias S. T. , Meira J. F.
Published: October 2023

Objective: To report a clinical case of tissue readjustment by provisional relining in an upper complete denture.

Presentation of Case: A 63-year-old male patient, melanoderma, asthmatic and type II diabetic, attended the dental clinic of a Higher Education Institution, complaining of pain when fitting the prosthesis. He reported that he had had a complete upper denture approximately 5 months ago. On clinical examination, hyperplastic lesions were noted in the anterior and middle portions at the bottom of the vestibule of the upper arch. The prosthesis, on the other hand, highlighted peripheral irregularities with a pointed aspect in the areas corresponding to the lesions. Given the conditions presented, it was urgently decided to remove the irregularities of the upper complete denture followed by provisional relining. After performing the technique, the patient was clinically followed up, after 30 days there was a decrease in the lesion.

Conclusion: The use of this technique in complete dentures as a provisional action aimed at conditioning the injured tissue and retaining the piece in the alveolar ridge was, therefore, satisfactory, meeting the main requirements for resolution of the case and suitability for subsequent continuity of definitive rehabilitation.
The Effect of Strategic Improvisation in Achieving Organizational Brilliance: An Analytical Study in a Sample of Private Iraqi Commercial Banks
Authors: Jarboui Anis , Alrikabi Esraa Hadi Kazem
Published: October 2023

Aims: This research aims to determine the level of impact of strategic improvisation in achieving organizational brilliance in a sample of private Iraqi commercial banks.
Study Design: The research adopted the descriptive analytical method to describe the research variables and interpret the results.
Place of Study: The research was applied in a sample of private Iraqi commercial banks. These banks were chosen due to their importance, their close market shares, the great competition between them, and the role, size, and influence of these banks in the Iraqi banking sector, as they represent one of the tools for supporting investment and developing the Iraqi economy.
Methodology: A sample was chosen to represent the original community, and its size reached (160) individuals from the administrative leadership in ten private Iraqi banks. The research relied on the questionnaire form as the main tool, and a group of statistics was used, represented by (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and simple regression), and the research data was analyzed using the program (SPSS V.25).
Results: The results of the research showed that there is a significant, positive influence relationship for all dimensions of strategic improvisation on organizational brilliance at the level of the private Iraqi commercial banks investigated, and all research hypotheses were accepted.
Conclusion: The research was conducted by taking a sample of administrative leaders in private Iraqi commercial banks, and the research conclusions indicate that there is a positive effect of strategic improvisation on organizational brilliance, and the conclusions also indicate that there is a positive effect of all dimensions of strategic improvisation (strategic vigilance, strategic agility, minimal structure and bricolage) on organizational brilliance in private Iraqi commercial banks.
Effect of Seed Treatment with Bio Fertilizers on Germination Plant Height and Total Biomass of Annual Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.)
Authors: Murali M.  , Raj Antony Joseph , Wani Afaq Majid
Published: October 2023

This research study aimed to investigate the effects of different biofertilizer seed treatments on the germination, plant height, and biomass of annual Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) over a period of two years. The biofertilizers used in the study included Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Blue Green Algae, Phosphobacteria, and Vesicular - Arbuscular Mycorrhiza. The results showed that all biofertilizer treatments exhibited higher germination percentages compared to the control group in both the first and second years of the study. Among the treatments, Vesicular - Arbuscular Mycorrhiza showed the highest germination percentage, with values of 94.67% in the first year and 89.4% in the second year. The plant height of the Moringa plants was measured at various time points during both years. The biofertilizer treatments consistently resulted in taller plants compared to the control group. the Vesicular - Arbuscular Mycorrhiza treatment showed the highest plant heights in both years and in pooled. with 17.267 cm at 30 DAS, 23.067 cm at 60 DAS, 32.332 cm at 90 DAS, 43.317 cm at 120 DAS, 54.135 cm at 150 DAS, and 63.282 cm at 180 DAS. The biomass of the Moringa plants was also measured at different time points. The results indicated that the biofertilizer treatments significantly increased the biomass compared to the control group. Vesicular - Arbuscular Mycorrhiza treatment also showed high biomass values in both years, with 1.04 g at 60 DAS, 6.91 g at 120 DAS, and 14.08 g at 180 DAS. Overall, the findings of this study demonstrate the positive effects of biofertilizer seed treatments on the germination, plant height, and biomass of annual Moringa. These biofertilizers can be considered as effective tools for enhancing the growth and productivity of Moringa plants, which have significant nutritional and medicinal value. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms of these biofertilizers and their potential applications in sustainable agriculture
Assessing Farmer Vulnerability to Climate Change in Karnataka: A Focus on Index Development
Authors: Chowhan Vikas , Chandargi D. M. , Goudappa S. B. , Kammar S. K. , Koppalakar B. G. , Lokesh G. B.
Published: October 2023

Agriculture represents a core part of the Indian economy and provides food and livelihood to much of the Indian population. Climate change can affect crop yields both positively and negatively, by impacting agricultural inputs such as water for irrigation, amounts of solar radiation that affect crop growth, as well as the prevalence of pests and diseases. It is widely accepted that developing countries are generally more vulnerable to the effects of climate change than the more developed countries. Among the developing countries, India may be most vulnerable to climate change due to its high reliance on natural resources mainly agriculture, inability to adapt financially and institutionally, low per capita GDP, extreme poverty and huge population. Temperature and rainfall are the most important crucial factors which affect plant development, growth and yield. So, any changes in the climate will adversely affect the productivity of the major crops through changes in the phenological process of the crop. So, Vulnerability assessment is a practical tool to identify the systems that are susceptible to be harmed, Knowing the systems' level of vulnerability is helpful to identify and develop reduction actions like increasing the adaptive capacity and decreasing the sensitivity and understand the dynamics between the different sectors and dimensions. In this study, a vulnerability index of the farmers to climate change was developed using the standardized procedures with three dimensions: exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Consisting a total of 56 items. The validity of vulnerability index was validated using face and content validity. Consequently, reliability of the vulnerability index was also verified using Cronbach's Alpha. Thus, the study found that the vulnerability index reliability was 0.846(\(\alpha\)).
Sowing Time and Spacing Influenced Yield, Quality and Economics of Bt Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Patel P. M. , Patel K. K. , Patel C. K.
Published: October 2023

A field study was conducted in the 2019 kharif season at the Agronomy Instructional Farm, SDAU, SKNagar, Gujarat, India. To investigate that the sowing time and spacing influenced yield, quality and economics of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in loamy sand soil. Twelve treatment combinations were examined, involving three sowing times (T1: 3rd week of May, T2: 1st week of June, T3: 3rd week of June) and four plant spacings (S1: 90 cm × 60 cm, S2: 90 cm × 45 cm, S3: 60 cm × 60 cm, S4: 60 cm × 45 cm). Four replications of a split plot design were used for the experiment. The third week of May was consistently the best time to sow cotton, according to the results, producing the maximum yields of seed cotton and stalk cotton. The quantity of monopodial branches/plant, harvest index and plant population as well as quality parameters such as oil content and ginning percentage were not significantly impacted by sowing time. The 3rd week of May sowing also yielded the highest benefit cost ratio and net realization. In terms of plant spacing, the spacing of 60 cm × 45 cm promoted highest plant population, taller plants and increased yield attributes like the bolls/plant, boll weight and seed cotton yield/plant. The highest seed cotton yield and stalk yield were achieved with this spacing. Harvest index and quality parameters were unaffected by plant spacing. The narrow spacing of 60 cm × 45 cm also resulted in the highest benefit cost ratio and net realization. The interaction effect between sowing time and plant spacing did not significantly influence growth, yield, yield attributes and quality parameters of Bt cotton.
Study of Correlation and Path Coefficients to Emphasize Grain Yield and its Components in Bread Wheat
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Gangwar L. K. , Kumar Raj , Singh Supriya , Anjali  , Mohan Shiva
Published: October 2023

The research was conducted to study traits association with direct and indirect effect and its cumulative effect in 40 bread wheat genotypes at SardarVallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, (U.P.). The research was laid out in Randomized Block Design with 3 replications during Rabi 2019. Genotypic correlation coefficient observed higher comparison to all respective phenotypic correlation coefficient. Path coefficient analysis were observed positive and direct effect on grain yield per plant exerted by days of 50% flowering, number of productive tillers per plants, total number of spikelets per spikes, 1000 seeds weight, biological yield per plant and harvest index. Cumulative effect correlation and path on grain yield per plant exerted by biological yield per plant, harvest index, days of 50% flowering and total number of spikelets per spikes indicated that improvement in wheat can be achieved by selecting these characters.
Impact of Cluster front-line Demonstrations on Productivity and Economics of Groundnut in Southern Transition Agro Climatic Zone (Zone-7) of Hassan District, Karnataka, India
Authors: Arunkumar B. R. , Sanketh C. V. , Rajegowda  , Deshpande Shrinivas , Shivashankar M. , Nagaraja T. , Pallavi N. , Sakamma S.
Published: October 2023

Groundnut is a important commercial legume cum oilseed crop growing in Hassan district of Karnataka and there is a notable yield gaps found between the farmers and demonstration plots due to non adoption of improved agronomic technological practices and use of local varieties. Integrated crop management (ICM) practices in groundnut under cluster front-line demonstration were conducted by ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Hassan during Summer seasons of 2018-19 to 2022with active participation of 250 groundnut growers with a objective of practicing improved agronomic practices over a 100 ha area in 5 consecutive years.The highest groundnut pod yield was achieved in demonstration plots with an mean of  1842.8kg/ha as compared to farmers practices with an mean of 1254.80kg/ha; which was 22.24 per cent higher yield as compared to farmers practices. The demonstration plots average mean of extension gap, technology gap and technology index were calculated as 281.20 kg/ha, 564 kg/ha, 26.75 per cent, respectively. The higher mean net returns of 62592.60/ha with B:C ratio of 2.35 was exhibited in improved agronomic practices demonstrated plot as compared to local practices (Rs.43897.60/ha). So it’s concluded that improved agronomic technological practices have high potential to increase the groundnut productivity through cluster front-line demonstration.
An Economic Analysis of Wheat Cultivation in North-Karnataka, India
Authors: Udhayan N.  , Naik A. D. , Hiremath G. M.
Published: October 2023

Wheat is an important cereal crop in India as half of the population depends on wheat for food. The average wheat sown area of the country is 30.38 ha in the last five years from 2017-2022. The present paper was designed to study the cost of cultivation and return structure of wheat cultivation in Karnataka which comes under the peninsular zone where the total wheat cultivating area is 1.60 million ha. The study was undertaken in three major wheat-growing districts of Karnataka i.e., Belagavi, Vijayapura and Dharwad. The multistage random sampling method was followed for the selection of districts and farmers. The primary data was collected from 90 farmers (30 farmers from each district) and analyzed using tabular analysis. The results of the study revealed that per hectare total cost of cultivation of wheat at an aggregate level was ₹ 35,076.37 in which the share of the variable cost was 59.86 per cent and the fixed cost was 40.14 per cent. Among the variable costs, human labour cost was highest (21.95%) per hectare and in fixed cost, the rental value of land (34.63%) was highest. The gross return and net return obtained by the farmer were ₹ 54,786.56 and ₹ 19,710.18 and the return per rupee of expenditure was found to be 1.55 indicating that wheat is a profitable crop enterprise. However, the cost of production per quintal was found ₹ 1,869.60 and the profits obtained were ₹1,008.27 per quintal. Lack of labour and high cost of labour was the major problem in wheat cultivation. Hence, boosting up the mechanization may help to reduce the cost of cultivation. Using custom hiring centres and farmer producer organization approaches would better augment the mechanization in the wheat economy.
Grievances of Post Graduate Residents in Their Training: An Observational and Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Khaqan Hussain Ahmad , Jabran Aamna , Rehman Hafiz Ateeq Ur , Nawaz Atia , Hassan Laraib , Haider Muhammad Ali , Zia Muhammad Usman , Fauzan Ahmad
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the problems of residents during their residency.

Materials and Methods: To locate and assess all relevant literature, we employed systematic review as a search approach, utilizing punctilious and unambiguous methodologies. We initiated by stipulating key terms and selecting appropriate databases for your literature search. To find replicable and reportable publications from high-quality peer reviewed journals, we used Google Scholar, PubMed, and Research Gate. A manual literature search, snowballing, and obtaining expert advice were some of the other search tactics employed to find items of relevance.

Conclusion: While working in residency, the residents experience a lot of problems like work place harassment, gender discrimination, insults, grueling working hours, poor infrastructure of training programs, struggling parenthood and lack of time to relax.

These and many other personal issues affect the professional performance of the residents and in turn affect the treatment outcomes of the patients.

As a conclusion, there must be healthy working relationships between the residents and their supervisors. There should be meetings at intervals which should focus on sharing the problems going on in the personal and professional lives of the residents and the issues that are affecting their work. The supervisors must consider the genuine issues and try to rectify them if possible.
RANBP2 evolution and human disease
Authors: Desgraupes Sophie , Etienne Lucie , Arhel Nathalie J.
Published: October 2023

Ran‐binding protein 2 (RANBP2)/Nup358 is a nucleoporin and a key component of the nuclear pore complex. Through its multiple functions (e.g., SUMOylation, regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport) and subcellular localizations (e.g., at the nuclear envelope, kinetochores, annulate lamellae), it is involved in many cellular processes. RANBP2 dysregulation or mutation leads to the development of human pathologies, such as acute necrotizing encephalopathy 1, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and it is also involved in viral infections. The chromosomal region containing the RANBP2 gene is highly dynamic, with high structural variation and recombination events that led to the appearance of a gene family called RANBP2 and GCC2 Protein Domains (RGPD), with multiple gene loss/duplication events during ape evolution. Although RGPD homoplasy and maintenance during evolution suggest they might confer an advantage to their hosts, their functions are still unknown and understudied. In this review, we discuss the appearance and importance of RANBP2 in metazoans and its function‐related pathologies, caused by an alteration of its expression levels (through promotor activity, post‐transcriptional, or post‐translational modifications), its localization, or genetic mutations.
ALKing the flames of lung cancer immunosensitivity
Authors: Bayliss Richard , Sarnowska Elżbieta , Yeoh Sharon , Sampson Josephina
Published: October 2023

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are utilised in treating non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by enhancing the immune response against cancer cells. However, they are not effective against cancers with certain genetic alterations. A recent study by Mota et al. focussed on understanding why ALK+ NSCLC cancers are immune cold and making them more receptive to ICIs using a vaccine‐based approach. The study highlighted cell‐specific differences in the presentation of immunogenic peptides and the location of tumours as factors in the poor immune response. Vaccines based on ALK peptides improved immune response, and when combined with ICIs, this led to a striking improvement in survival in a mouse model of ALK+ NSCLC.
Simulation‐Assisted DNA Nanodevice Serve as a General Optical Platform for Multiplexed Analysis of Micrornas
Authors: Li Xiao‐Qiong , Jia Yi‐Lei , Zhang Yu‐Wen , Shi Peng‐Fei , Chen Hong‐Yuan , Xu Jing‐Juan
Published: October 2023

Small frame nucleic acids (FNAs) serve as excellent carrier materials for various functional nucleic acid molecules, showcasing extensive potential applications in biomedicine development. The carrier module and function module combination is crucial for probe design, where an improper combination can significantly impede the functionality of sensing platforms. This study explores the effect of various combinations on the sensing performance of nanodevices through simulations and experimental approaches. Variances in response velocities, sensitivities, and cell uptake efficiencies across different structures are observed. Factors such as the number of functional molecules loaded, loading positions, and intermodular distances affect the rigidity and stability of the nanostructure. The findings reveal that the structures with full loads and moderate distances between modules have the lowest potential energy. Based on these insights, a multisignal detection platform that offers optimal sensitivity and response speed is developed. This research offers valuable insights for designing FNAs‐based probes and presents a streamlined method for the conceptualization and optimization of DNA nanodevices.
Cholesteric Spherical Reflectors with Tunable Color from Single‐Domain Cellulose Nanocrystal Microshells
Authors: Geng Yong , Honorato‐Rios Camila , Noh JungHyun , Lagerwall Jan P. F.
Published: October 2023

The wavelength‐ and polarization‐selective Bragg reflection of visible light exhibited by films produced by drying cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) render these biosourced nanoparticles highly potent for many optical applications. While the conventionally produced films are flat, the CLC‐derived helical CNC arrangement would acquire new powerful features if given spherical curvature. Drying CNC suspension droplets does not work, because the onset of kinetic arrest in droplets of anisotropic colloids leads to severe buckling and loss of spherical shape. Here, these problems are avoided by confining the CNC suspension in a spherical microshell surrounding an incompressible oil droplet. This prevents buckling, ensures strong helix pitch compression, and produces single‐domain cholesteric spherical reflector particles with distinct visible color. Interestingly, the constrained shrinkage leads to spontaneous puncturing, leaving every particle with a single hole through which the inner oil phase can be extracted for recycling. By mixing two different CNC types at varying fractions, the retroreflection color is tuned throughout the visible spectrum. The new approach adds a versatile tool in the quest to utilize bioderived CLCs, enabling spherically curved particles with the same excellent optical quality and smooth surface as previously obtained only in flat films.
Compact Micropatterned Chip Empowers Undisturbed and Programmable Drug Addition in High‐Throughput Cell Screening
Authors: Zhao Yuanyi , Sun Yingxue , Xie Xinjian , Liang Yujia , Cavalcanti‐Adam Elisabetta Ada , Feng Wenqian
Published: October 2023

Simultaneously adding multiple drugs and other chemical reagents to individual droplets at specific time points presents a significant challenge, particularly when dealing with tiny droplets in high‐throughput screening applications. In this study, a micropatterned polymer chip is developed as a miniaturized platform for light‐induced programmable drug addition in cell‐based screening. This chip incorporates a porous superhydrophobic polymer film with atom transfer radical polymerization reactivity, facilitating the efficient grafting of azobenzene methacrylate, a photoconformationally changeable group, onto the hydrophilic regions of polymer matrix at targeted locations and with precise densities. By employing light irradiation, the cyclodextrin‐azobenzene host–guest complexes formed on the polymer chip can switch from an “associated” to a “dissociated” state, granting precise photochemical control over the supramolecular coding system and its surface patterning ability. Significantly, the exceptional spatial and temporal control offered by these chemical transitions empowers to utilize digital light processing systems for simultaneous regulation and release of cyclodextrin‐bearing drugs across numerous droplets containing suspended or adhered cells. This approach minimizes mechanical disruption while achieving precise control over the timing of addition, dosage, and integration varieties of released drugs in high‐throughput screening, all programmable to meet specific requirements.
Ophthalmologic and neuro‐ophthalmologic findings in children with Down syndrome
Authors: Jain Aarushi , Boyd Natalie K. , Paulsen Kelli C. , Vogel Benjamin N. , Nguyen Lina , Santoro Jonathan D.
Published: October 2023

Down syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder associated with mild‐to‐moderate intellectual disability, delays in growth, and characteristic facial features. A wide range of ocular complications are seen in children with Down syndrome, including strabismus, nystagmus, refractive errors, congenital cataracts, the presence of keratoconus, and decreased visual acuity. Early ophthalmic examination is needed for early diagnosis and treatment in patients. This narrative review examines ocular manifestations in children with Down syndrome and the importance of prompt ophthalmic interventions for treatment.
On the Electride Nature of Na‐hP4
Authors: Racioppi Stefano , Storm Christian V. , McMahon Malcolm I. , Zurek Eva
Published: October 2023

Early quantum mechanical models suggested that pressure drives solids towards free‐electron metal behavior where the ions are locked into simple close‐packed structures. The prediction and subsequent discovery of high‐pressure electrides (HPEs), compounds assuming open structures where the valence electrons are localized in interstitial voids, required a paradigm shift. Our quantum chemical calculations on the iconic insulating Na‐hP4 HPE show that increasing density causes a 3s→3pd electronic transition due to Pauli repulsion between the 1s2s and 3s states, and orthogonality of the 3pd states to the core. The large lobes of the resulting Na‐pd hybrid orbitals point towards the center of an 11‐membered penta‐capped trigonal prism and overlap constructively, forming multicentered bonds, which are responsible for the emergence of the interstitial charge localization in Na‐hP4. These multicentered bonds facilitate the increased density of this phase, which is key for its stabilization under pressure.
Manipulating Lone‐Pair‐Driven Luminescence in 0D Tin Halides by Pressure‐Tuned Stereochemical Activity from Static to Dynamic
Authors: Zhang Long , Li Shuoxue , Sun Huaiyang , Fang Yuanyuan , Wang Yonggang , Wang Kai , Jiang Hong , Sui Laizhi , Wu Guorong , Yuan Kaijun , Zou Bo
Published: October 2023

The excellent luminescence properties and structural dynamics driven by the stereoactivity of the lone pair in a variety of low‐dimensional ns2 metal halides have attracted growing investigations for optoelectronic applications. However, the structural and photophysical aspects of the excited state associated with the lone pair expression are currently open questions. Herein, zero‐dimensional Sn‐based halides with static stereoactive 5 s2 lone pairs are selected as a model system to understand the correlations between the distinctive lone pair expression and the excited‐state structural relaxation and charge carrier dynamics by continuous lattice manipulation. Lattice compression drives 5 s2 lone pair active switching and self‐trapped exciton (STE) redistribution by suppressing excited‐state structural deformation of the isolated SnBr42− units. Our results demonstrate that the static expression of the 5 s2 lone pair results in a red broadband triplet STE emission with a large Stokes shift, while its dynamic expression creates a sky‐blue narrowband emission dominated by the radiative recombination of singlet STEs. Our findings and the photophysical mechanism proposed highlight the stereochemical effects of lone pair expression in controlling light emission properties and offer constructive guidelines for tuning the optoelectronic properties in diverse ns2 metal halides.