bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLÍTICAS DE LECTURA: ESCRITORAS, ESCRITURAS Y CRÍTICA LITERARIA
Authors: Martínez Luciano
Published: February 2023

Este estudio analiza ciertos momentos de la crítica literaria latinoamericana en sus encuentros y desencuentros con la producción literaria de escritoras, observando cómo –a partir de los ochenta y los noventa– se fueron transformando los protocolos de lectura en torno a la literatura latinoamericana escrita por mujeres. De esta forma, se abordan los aportes críticos que contribuyeron a reconfigurar los estudios literarios latinoamericanos, incorporando nuevos objetos de estudio y agendas de investigación, poniendo en discusión los procesos de formación canónica, y receptando críticamente teorías feministas europeas y anglófonas.

Se sostiene que muchos de los debates actuales sobre las maneras de leer a escritoras latinoamericanas ya estaban siendo discutidas y revisadas con increíble agudeza y sagacidad crítica en los ochenta y los noventa. Asimismo, se advierte que “literatura femenina”, “literatura de mujeres”, “el Boom femenino”, “el nuevo Boom” constituyen un haz de etiquetas y presupuestos que siguen operando en el imaginario crítico y cultural, y definen expectativas de lectura diferenciadas al aproximarse a la escritura de una mujer.

El artículo da cuenta de los momentos fundacionales de la crítica literaria feminista latinoamericana (Sylvia Molloy, Nelly Richard, Josefina Ludmer, Sara Castro-Klarén, Diamela Eltit, Lucía Guerra), el lugar de las escritoras durante el
Boom
y el
Posboom
, y las tensiones que las escrituras de mujeres producen en el periodismo cultural y la crítica académica en contextos de recepción locales y transnacionales. Se reseñan algunas de las investigaciones actuales más relevantes sobre literatura del siglo veintiuno escrita por mujeres. Se incorporan también las reflexiones críticas que las mismas autoras contemporáneas han dado sobre la forma en que sus escrituras están siendo nomencladas y contextualizadas en el imaginario cultural.
EL GÓTICO ANDINO EN LA NARRATIVA DE MÓNICA OJEDA Y SOLANGE RODRÍGUEZ PAPPE
Authors: Ramos Juan G.
Published: February 2023

Este artículo se centra en el gótico andino y su relación a una selección de cuentos que aparecen en la narrativa de Solange Rodríguez Pappe (
La primera vez que vi un fantasma
, 2018) y Mónica Ojeda (
Las voladoras
, 2020). El gótico andino es un concepto que hasta ahora se ha desarrollado y teorizado poco, pero que lo ha venido usando recientemente la escritora ecuatoriana Mónica Ojeda para definir su modo de escritura y las preocupaciones temáticas, así como el de otras escritoras recientes provenientes de países de la región andina.

En “A tiempo para desayunar” de Solange Rodríguez Pappe se trabaja con elementos cotidianos urbanos para crear una atmósfera claustrofóbica que recuerda, por momentos, el relato “Casa tomada” de Cortázar. En su cuento “Las voladoras,” Ojeda usa un relato oral de la región norte andina ecuatoriana para evocar elementos telúricos que se entretejen con la violencia de género. Para hilvanar la relación entre lo gótico y la región andina, se propone estudiar cómo las autoras anteriormente mencionadas emplean una gama de símbolos para discutir la relación íntima entre la especificidad geográfica (la región andina) y las dinámicas de poder que devienen en violencia tanto de género como hacia figuras indígenas.
DE MATERIALIDADES Y AFECTOS PERDIDOS EN LA LITERATURA DE SELVA ALMADA
Authors: Waldegaray Marta Inés
Published: February 2023

La literatura de la escritora argentina Selva Almada (Argentina, 1973-) opta por los caminos de la expresión local y la inscripción en lo que la literatura argentina contemporánea reconoce como literatura de provincia. Nuestro artículo propone analizar las modalidades de este localismo en la escritura de Almada y destacar el registro realista de un universo narrativo “zonal” que recoge historias de abandonos, trágicos destinos y
faits divers
, sin excluir modalidades narrativas asociadas al registro de la investigación periodística, la memoria personal y la crónica social; a un juego de voces reunidas bajo la tonalidad de la oralidad “criolla”; a huellas populares y marcas literarias que ponen en evidencia la problemática de lo heredado y de la memoria afectiva. Almada sumerge a sus personajes en la materialidad más inmediata e insustancial de las rutinas cotidianas; en una existencia rural y monótona; en atmósferas familiares turbulentas; en recuerdos fragmentados materializados en objetos. Nos interesa interrogar entonces en qué consiste el realismo de las historias de Almada (el realismo
de
Almada) tratando de estudiar al mismo tiempo la dimensión subjetiva de su literatura, esto es: cómo lo mínimo, lo desechado, lo descartado y los afectos perdidos transitan su escritura.

El artículo se centrará en la narrativa completa de Almada: las novelas
El viento que arrasa
(2012),
Ladrilleros
(2013),
No es un río
(2021); los cuentos de
El desapego es una manera de querernos
(2015); y el relato de investigación con visos de crónica social,
Chicas muertas
(2015).
LEER ES CICATRIZAR
Authors: Rivero Giovanna
Published: February 2023

En este ensayo, la escritora boliviana Giovanna Rivero reflexiona sobre el tema de la “sutura” y qué lugar ocupa en su trabajo literario. Por medio de anécdotas biográficas, reflexiona sobre su escritura como un ejercicio de sutura y hace un repaso de su formación como lectora y da cuenta de la génesis de algunos de sus cuentos de los libros
Sangre dulce
(2006) y
Para comerte mejor
(2015) habían sido reescrituras de aquellas composiciones escolares.

https://doi.org/10.3828/revista.2023.89.282-283.91

La escritora venezolana Gisela Kozak Rovero repasa su labor como escritora en los últimos treinta años, haciéndolo en diversos registros: literario, académico, periodístico y político. Reflexiona sobre sus comienzos como escritora de ficción en la Venezuela de finales de los años ochenta en un medio literario machista y centrado en la capital del país. A lo largo del ensayo, Kozak Rovero incluye a otras escritoras venezolanas y los lugares que ocupan en el canon literario, proponiendo así una interesante cartografía de la literatura venezolana escrita por mujeres. El tema LGBTQ y su condición de lesbiana asumida públicamente en un medio intelectual y editorial son también eje de su reflexión. La situación política del país y su autoexilio en México cierran el ensayo y ofrecen nuevas dimensiones de sentido a la idea de “mutante” que abría este ensayo.
Three Ultra-short-period Contact Eclipsing Binary Systems Mined from Massive Astronomical Surveys
Authors: Papageorgiou Athanasios , Christopoulou Panagiota-Eleftheria , Ferreira Lopes C. E. , Lalounta Eleni , Catelan Márcio , Drake Andrew J.
Published: February 2023

We present the photometric analysis of three ultra-short-period total eclipsing binaries in contact configuration, CRTS_J172718.0+431624, OGLE-BLG-ECL-000104, and OGLE-BLG-ECL-000012, mined from massive astronomical surveys. Using the available archival light curves (LCs) from Vista Variables in the Vía Láctea (VVV), Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE), Zwicky Transient Facility, and Catalina Sky Survey in different passbands and new multiband photometric observations with the 2.3 m Aristarchos telescope at Helmos Observatory, their relative physical parameters were derived. We explored the parameter space by using the PIKAIA genetic algorithm optimizer. The best photometric solution and error budget estimation were adopted for each system through Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling of the global optimum. The approximate absolute parameters were derived for each contact system adopting an empirical mass–luminosity relation. All three systems have a mass ratio lower than 0.5. The exchange between the primary and secondary depths of CRTS_J172718.0+431624 during 2016–2022 may be due to spot activity. In addition, we present a detailed analysis of the first well-characterized shortest-period contact eclipsing binary with total eclipses known so far (OGLE-BLG-ECL-000104). Thanks to VVV and OGLE LCs, new distances were derived for OGLE-BLG-ECL-000104 and OGLE-BLG-ECL-000012 using empirical period–luminosity relations. The origin and evolutionary status of all three ultra-short-period contact binaries are thoroughly discussed in the context of the detached binary formation channel.
Polarized Maser Emission with In-source Faraday Rotation
Authors: Tobin T. L. , Gray M. D. , Kemball A. J.
Published: February 2023

We discuss studies of polarization in astrophysical masers with particular emphasis on the case where the Zeeman splitting is small compared to the Doppler profile, resulting in a blend of the transitions between magnetic substates. A semiclassical theory of the molecular response is derived, and coupled to radiative transfer solutions for 1 and 2-beam linear masers, resulting in a set of nonlinear, algebraic equations for elements of the molecular density matrix. The new code, PRISM, implements numerical methods to compute these solutions. Using PRISM, we demonstrate a smooth transfer between this case and that of wider splitting. For a J = 1–0 system, with parameters based on the v = 1, J = 1–0 transition of SiO, we investigate the behavior of linear and circular polarization as a function of the angle between the propagation axis and the magnetic field, and with the optical depth, or saturation state, of the model. We demonstrate how solutions are modified by the presence of Faraday rotation, generated by various abundances of free electrons, and that strong Faraday rotation leads to additional angles where the Stokes Q changes sign. We compare our results to a number of previous models, from the analytical limits derived by Goldreich, Keeley, and Kwan in 1973, through computational results by W. Watson and coauthors, to the recent work by Lankhaar and Vlemmings in 2019. We find that our results are generally consistent with those of other authors given the differences in the approach and the approximations made.
Study of Radio Transients from the Quiet Sun during an Extremely Quiet Time
Authors: Mondal Surajit , Oberoi Divya , Biswas Ayan
Published: February 2023

In this work, we study a class of recently discovered meter-wave solar transients referred to as Weak Impulsive Narrowband Quiet Sun Emission (WINQSEs). Their strength is a few percent of the quiet Sun background and is characterized by their very impulsive, narrowband, and ubiquitous presence in quiet Sun regions. Mondal et al. (2020) hypothesized that these emissions might be the radio counterparts of nanoflares, and their potential significance warrants detailed studies. Here we present an analysis of data from an extremely quiet time and with improved methodology over the previous work. As before, we detect numerous WINQSEs, which we have used for their further characterization. Their key properties, namely, their impulsive nature and ubiquitous presence in the quiet Sun, are observed in these data as well. Interestingly, we also find some of the observed properties to differ significantly from the earlier work. With this demonstration of routine detection of WINQSEs, we hope to engender interest in the larger community to build a deeper understanding of WINQSEs.
A Decade of Linear and Circular Polarimetry with the POLISH2 Polarimeter
Authors: Wiktorowicz Sloane J. , Słowikowska Agnieszka , Nofi Larissa A. , Rider Nicole , Wolfgang Angie , Hermis Ninos , Jontof-Hutter Daniel , Bayless Amanda J. , Cole Gary M. , Crawford Kirk B. , Tsarev Valeri V. , Owens Michael C. , Jaramillo Ernest G. , Maul Geoffrey A. , Graham James R. , Millar-Blanchaer Maxwell A. , Bott Kimberly , Mauerhan Jon C.
Published: February 2023

The POLISH2 optical polarimeter has been in operation at the Lick Observatory 3 m Shane telescope since 2011, and it was commissioned at the Gemini North 8 m in 2016. This instrument primarily targets exoplanets, asteroids, and the Crab Pulsar, but it has also been used for a wide variety of planetary, galactic, and supernova science. POLISH2's photoelastic modulators, employed instead of rotating wave plates or ferroelectric liquid crystal modulators, offer the unprecedented ability to achieve sensitivity and accuracy of order 1 ppm (0.0001%), which are difficult to obtain with conventional polarimeters. Additionally, POLISH2 simultaneously measures the intensity (Stokes I), linear polarization (Stokes Q and U), and circular polarization (Stokes V), which fully describe the polarization state of incident light. We document our laboratory and on-sky calibration methodology and our archival on-sky database, and we demonstrate the conclusive detection of circular polarization of certain objects.
Revised Extinctions and Radii for 1.5 Million Stars Observed by APOGEE, GALAH, and RAVE
Authors: Yu Jie , Khanna Shourya , Themessl Nathalie , Hekker Saskia , Dréau Guillaume , Gizon Laurent , Bi Shaolan
Published: February 2023

Asteroseismology has become widely accepted as a benchmark for accurate and precise fundamental stellar properties. It can therefore be used to validate and calibrate stellar parameters derived from other approaches. Meanwhile, one can leverage large-volume surveys in photometry, spectroscopy, and astrometry to infer stellar parameters over a wide range of evolutionary stages, independently of asteroseismology. Our pipeline, SEDEX (https://github.com/Jieyu126/SEDEX), compares the spectral energy distribution predicted by the MARCS and BOSZ model spectra with 32 photometric bandpasses, combining data from nine major, large-volume photometric surveys. We restrict the analysis to targets with available spectroscopy from the APOGEE, GALAH, and RAVE surveys to lift the temperature−extinction degeneracy. The cross-survey atmospheric parameter and uncertainty estimates are homogenized with artificial neural networks. Validation of our results with CHARA interferometry, Hubble Space Telescope CALSPEC spectrophotometry, and asteroseismology shows that we achieve high precision and accuracy. We present a catalog of improved interstellar extinction (

σ

A

V

≃

0.14 mag) and stellar radii (σ

R
/R ≃ 7.4%) for ∼1.5 million stars in the low-to-high-extinction (A

V
≲ 6 mag) fields observed by the spectroscopic surveys. We derive global extinctions for 184 Gaia DR2 open clusters and confirm the differential extinction in NGC 6791 and NGC 6819, which have been subject to extensive asteroseismic analysis. Furthermore, we report 36,854 double-lined spectroscopic main-sequence binary candidates. This catalog will be valuable for providing constraints on detailed modeling of stars and for constructing 3D dust maps of the Kepler field, the TESS Continuous Viewing Zones, and the PLATO long-duration observation fields.
SDSS J134441.83+204408.3: A Highly Asynchronous Short-period Magnetic Cataclysmic Variable with a 56 MG Field Strength
Authors: Littlefield Colin , Mason Paul A. , Garnavich Peter , Szkody Paula , Thorstensen John , Scaringi Simone , Iłkiewicz Krystian , Kennedy Mark R. , Wells Natalie
Published: February 2023

When the accreting white dwarf in a magnetic cataclysmic variable star (mCV) has a field strength in excess of 10 MG, it is expected to synchronize its rotational frequency to the binary orbit frequency, particularly at small binary separations, due to the steep radial dependence of the magnetic field. We report the discovery of an mCV (SDSS J134441.83+204408.3, hereafter J1344) that defies this expectation by displaying asynchronous rotation (P
spin/P
orb = 0.893) in spite of a high surface field strength (B = 56 MG) and a short orbital period (114 minutes). Previously misidentified as a synchronously rotating mCV, J1344 was observed by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite during sector 50, and the resulting power spectrum shows distinct spin and orbital frequencies, along with various sidebands and harmonics. Although there are several other asynchronous mCVs at short orbital periods, the presence of cyclotron humps in J1344's Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectrum makes it possible to directly measure the field strength in the cyclotron-emitting region, and while a previously study estimated 65 MG based on its identification of two cyclotron humps, we revise this to 56 ± 2 MG based on the detection of a third hump and on our modeling of the cyclotron spectrum. Short-period mCVs with field strengths above 10 MG are normally expected to be synchronous, so the highly asynchronous rotation in J1344 presents an interesting challenge for theoretical studies of spin-period evolution.
New Constraints for Supernova Models from Presolar Silicon Carbide X Grains with Very High 26Al/27Al Ratios
Authors: Hoppe Peter , Leitner Jan , Pignatari Marco , Amari Sachiko
Published: February 2023

We report C, N, Mg-Al, Si, and S isotope data of six 1–3 μm-sized SiC grains of Type X from the Murchison CM2 chondrite, believed to have formed in the ejecta of core-collapse supernova (CCSN) explosions. Their C, N, and Si isotopic compositions are fully compatible with previously studied X grains. Magnesium is essentially monoisotopic 26Mg which gives clear evidence for the decay of radioactive 26Al. Inferred initial 26Al/27Al ratios are between 0.6 and 0.78 which is at the upper end of previously observed ratios of X grains. Contamination with terrestrial or solar system Al apparently is low or absent, which makes the X grains from this study particularly interesting and useful for a quantitative comparison of Al isotope data with predictions from supernova models. The consistently high 26Al/27Al ratios observed here may suggest that the lower 26Al/27Al ratios of many X grains from the literature are the result of significant Al contamination and in part also of an improper quantification of 26Al. The real dispersion of 26Al/27Al ratios in X grains needs to be explored by future studies. The high observed 26Al/27Al ratios in this work provide a crucial constraint for the production of 26Al in CCSN models. We explored different CCSN models, including both “classical” and H ingestion CCSN models. It is found that the classical models cannot account for the high 26Al/27Al ratios observed here; in contrast, H ingestion models are able to reproduce the 26Al/27Al ratios along with C, N, and Si isotopic ratios reasonably well.
Chelonian challenge: three alien species from North America are moving their reproductive boundaries in Central Europe
Authors: Tietz Benno , Penner Johannes , Vamberger Melita
Published: February 2023

Biological invasions by alien species have substantial economic impacts and are a major driver of the ongoing decline and loss of biodiversity. Through humans, the North American pond slider (Trachemys scripta) has acquired a global distribution over the last decades and is currently listed among the worst invasive reptile species. However, in more recent times, other freshwater chelonian species have increasingly been recorded far outside their native distribution ranges as well, not only on the same continent but also on others. Despite that, the impact of alien chelonians on their respective new ecosystems remains unclear. The long-term effects and severity of impacts of alien populations mostly depend on whether they ultimately succeed in establishing themselves. This is not entirely resolved for chelonians in Central Europe. To answer that, we investigated wild populations of three non-native chelonian species from North America in Germany (Pseudemys concinna,Graptemys pseudogeographicaandTrachemys scripta) applying population genetic approaches. We revealed the successful reproduction of all three species in Germany and provide the very first record for the reproduction ofP. concinnaandG. pseudogeographicain a temperate continental climate zone outside their native distribution. Based on our unambiguous evidence of natural reproduction, we call for dedicated studies to verify how widespread established populations are and to investigate the existing and potential impacts of all three species in a range of ecosystems along a climatic gradient. Such data is urgently needed to revise the current risk assessments of non-native chelonians, especially in Central European countries.
A taxonomic revision of ten whitefish species from the lakes Lucerne, Sarnen, Sempach and Zug, Switzerland, with descriptions of seven new species (Teleostei, Coregonidae)
Authors: Selz Oliver M. , Seehausen Ole
Published: February 2023

The taxonomy of the endemic whitefish of the lakes of the Reuss River system (Lucerne, Sarnen, Zug) and Lake Sempach, Switzerland, is reviewed and revised. Lake Lucerne harbours five species. Coregonus intermundiasp. nov. and C. suspensussp. nov., are described. Coregonus nobilis Haack, 1882, C. suidteri Fatio, 1885, and C. zugensis Nüsslin, 1882, are redescribed. Genetic studies have shown that C. suidteri and C. zugensis are composed of several distinct species endemic to different lakes. The names C. suidteri and C. zugensis are restricted to the species of lakes Sempach and Zug, respectively. The whitefish populations previously referred to as C. suidteri and C. zugensis from Lake Lucerne are described as C. litoralissp. nov. and C. muellerisp. nov., respectively. Furthermore, the whitefish from Lake Zug that were previously referred to as C. suidteri are described as C. supersumsp. nov. A holotype is designated for C. supersum that was previously one of two syntypes of C. zugensis. The other syntype is retained for C. zugensis. Coregonus obliterussp. nov. is described from Lake Zug, and C. obliterus and C. zugensis from Lake Zug are extinct. Finally, we describe C. sarnensissp. nov. from lakes Sarnen and Alpnach. Coregonus suidteri from Lake Sempach shows strong signals of introgression from deliberately translocated non-native whitefish species, which questions if the extant population still carries a genetic legacy from the original species and thus may need to be considered extinct. Coregonus suspensus is genetically partially of allochthonous origin, closely related to the radiation of Lake Constance. It is therefore compared to all known and described species of Lake Constance: C. wartmanni Bloch, 1784, C. macrophthalmus Nüsslin, 1882, C. arenicolus Kottelat,1997, and C. gutturosus Gmelin, 1818.
The bee genus Anthidiellum in Vietnam: descriptions of five new species and the first male of Anthidiellum coronum (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)
Authors: Tran Ngat Thi , Engel Michael S. , Nguyen Cuong Quang , Tran Duong Dinh , Nguyen Lien Thi Phuong
Published: February 2023

The Vietnamese fauna of bees in the Anthidiellum Cockerell (Megachilinae, Anthidiini) is reviewed. Seven species are recognized, representing two subgenera. Five new species are described and figured as: Anthidiellum (Clypanthidium) nahang Tran, Engel & Nguyen, sp. nov., A. (Pycnanthidium) ayun Tran, Engel & Nguyen, sp. nov., A. (P.) chumomray Tran, Engel & Nguyen, sp. nov., A. (P.) flavaxilla Tran, Engel & Nguyen, sp. nov., and A. (P.) cornu Tran, Engel & Nguyen, sp. nov. from the northern and central highlands of Vietnam. Two previously described species are newly recorded for the fauna: A. (P.) carinatum (Wu) and A. (P.) coronum (Wu), with the male of the latter species described and illustrated for the first time. An identification key is provided for all species of Anthidiellum occurring in Vietnam.
Understanding Differences in Patient Descriptions of Rheumatoid Arthritis Flares Using OMERACT Core Domains
Authors: Maica Gabriela L. , Iannaccone Christine , Feathers Vivi , Frits Michelle L. , Bykerk Vivian P. , Bingham Clifton O. , Weinblatt Michael , Shadick Nancy A.
Published: February 2023

Objective

Recently, there has been consensus on domains that constitute flares in rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, variations in patients’ flare descriptions continue to be observed. This study evaluates how demographic and clinical characteristics influence these differences.

Methods

Participants enrolled in a prospective RA registry completed a qualitative survey that included the open-ended question “What does a flare mean to you?” Responses were categorized into Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) core and research domains. Univariate analyses evaluated demographic and clinical characteristics. Regression analyses determined independent variables associated with flare description variations.

Results

Among 645 participants, the median Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) with C-reactive protein was 2.1 (IQR 1.6-2.9); 58% of the participants reported at least 1 flare in the past 6 months. Participants reported a median of 3 (IQR 2-5) OMERACT domains when describing flares. Fatigue was more commonly noted among females (odds ratio [OR] 6.12;P< 0.001). Older participants were less likely to report emotional distress (OR 0.97;P= 0.03), swollen joints (OR 0.99;P= 0.04), physical function decrease (OR 0.98;P= 0.02), and a general increase in RA symptoms (OR 0.98;P= 0.005). Participants with a higher DAS28 score were less likely to report symptoms of stiffness (OR 0.70;P= 0.009), and those who experienced a flare within the last 6 months were more likely to describe flares as pain (OR 2.53;P< 0.001) and fatigue (OR 2.00;P= 0.007).

Conclusion

Variations in patients’ flare descriptions can be driven by a patient’s disease activity, the experience of a recent flare, as well as different demographic characteristics, such as age and gender. Understanding the interplay of these characteristics can guide a physician’s approach to the management of patients’ RA flares.
The end of the Free State of Rorac: bauxite concessioning and Maroon displacement in colonial Suriname
Authors: Lobach Simon , Storli Espen
Published: February 2023

Cet article porte sur les mécanismes qui transformèrent le Suriname en un point névralgique de la production de bauxite jouant un rôle clé dans l’alimentation de la filière mondiale de l’aluminium, et l’impact qu’eurent la découverte de gisements de bauxite et les investissements ultérieurs sur les populations de Marrons qui y vivaient. L’article se concentre sur l’installation d’un certain nombre d’entreprises étrangères en un lieu précis au cours des années 1910 et 1920 - l’ancienne plantation de Rorac, sur les rives du fleuve Suriname - et examine de quelle façon l’histoire de ces événements a été remémorée par les anciens habitants Marrons. Les auteurs se sont appuyés sur des documents d’archives provenant d’entreprises productrices d’aluminium, de l’administration coloniale, ainsi que de sources secondaires relatant l’histoire orale de la communauté marrone de Brooskamper. À travers l’analyse de l’histoire de Rorac, cet article nous aide à mieux comprendre les impacts de l’émergence de la première économie mondiale sur les populations autochtones des sites sur lesquels ce développement s’opéra.
Environnement et usines d’alumine : des plaintes des riverains à la contestation globale des boues rouges, les exemples de Gardanne, France et d’Aughinish, Irlande, XX e -XXI e siècles
Authors: Carbonell Mauve
Published: February 2023

L’industrie de l’alumine, qui s’est développée à la fin du XIX e  siècle, génère des nuisances environnementales diverses : fumées, poussières, bruits, contaminations liées aux résidus. Les contestations, d’abord locales, se sont ensuite étendues jusqu’à devenir convergence des luttes environnementales à la fin du XX e  siècle portant principalement sur les résidus ou « boues rouges » et remettant en cause la cohabitation entre cette industrie, son milieu et d’autres pans de l’activité humaine (pêche, agriculture, tourisme). Dans l’optique de mieux comprendre les ressorts de ces contestations, et des résistances qu’elles-mêmes suscitent aussi, cet article retrace l’histoire des conflits et débats liés à l’environnement autour de l’usine de Gardanne et de l’usine d’Aughinish en Irlande. Le prisme des contestations permet de poser des jalons renouvelés de l’histoire de cette industrie « malaimée » de la filière aluminium, tout en apportant des clés de compréhension de conflits environnementaux actuels en Europe.
L’art de l’icône, « moment intrinsèque » de la théologie en monde orthodoxe ?
Authors: Vivier-Muresan Anne-Sophie
Published: February 2023

En résonance avec la conférence proposée par Denis Hétier, cet exposé s’efforce de repérer dans quelle mesure l’art de l’icône en monde orthodoxe rejoint la compréhension rahnérienne de l’art comme « moment intrinsèque de la théologie ». Après avoir mis en avant ce qui fonde « l’autorité » de l’icône sur un plan théologique, nous soulignons ce en quoi la proposition rahnérienne déborde la compréhension orthodoxe de l’icône. Cette différence tient notamment à la place de la norme et des canons, si importants pour cette dernière. Mais peut-être faut-il moins opposer les deux conceptions que reconnaître en l’art de l’icône une forme artistique particulière, de nature plus proprement ecclésiale.
La brisure du tragique, dévoilement de la beauté paradoxale d’une humanité vulnérable et capable
Authors: Kerdraon Anne-Solen
Published: February 2023

Cherchant à élucider la relation entre l’art, la théologie et l’expérience, Karl Rahner définit l’art comme étant un moment interne de la théologie. Pour une part ineffables et indicibles, les bouleversements intérieurs tant de la pensée que du sentir suscités par l’expérience artistique ouverte au travail de la grâce font en effet advenir l’homme à une connaissance de lui-même et de Dieu inédite. La réflexion de Martha Nussbaum sur la fécondité des tragédies grecques pour la philosophie morale illustre la manière dont l’expression artistique peut donner à voir ce que la réflexion théorique et conceptuelle pourrait omettre, à savoir la beauté paradoxale d’une humanité vulnérable et capable. L’art alors apparaît comme étant une aide pour le développement d’une éthique théologique humble, à l’écoute de ce qui lui reste à découvrir de l’homme et de Dieu.
Solvability and stability analysis of a coupled system involving generalized fractional derivatives
Authors: Djaout Abdallah , Benbachir Maamar , Lakrib Mustapha , Matar Mohammed M. , Khan Aziz , Abdeljawad Thabet
Published: February 2023

In this article, we investigate the existence of unique maximal and minimal solutions for a coupled differential system in terms of generalized fractional derivative with arbitrary order. The iterative technique of a fixed point operator together with the properties of green's function are used basically. Moreover, we investigate the generalized Ulam-Hyers stability of the solution for the given coupled system. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the theoretic results.
Imbricación del pensamiento computacional y la alfabetización digital en la educación. Modelación a partir de una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: George-Reyes Carlos Enrique
Published: February 2023

En la enseñanza se ha señalado la importancia de consolidar el pensamiento computacional (PC) y la alfabetización digital (AD) como dos habilidades necesarias para formar a los profesionales del siglo XXI. Sin embargo, la producción científica que ha imbricado ambos tópicos es escasa. El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura que analiza el vínculo entre ambos conceptos en el periodo 2010-2021. El resultado es una propuesta de imbricación que aborda como componentes básicos del PC la abstracción, el diseño de algoritmos, la identificación de patrones y la descomposición, y como componentes experienciales los conceptos, prácticas y perspectivas computacionales. En cuanto a la AD se consideraron las habilidades críticas, informacionales y comunicativas. Se concluye que las hipótesis que se establecen a partir del modelo que aquí se ha diseñado son una aportación que servirá como un marco de referencia para discutir la importancia de incorporar el PC como una alfabetización digital de orden superior.
HERV1-env Induces Unfolded Protein Response Activation in Autoimmune Liver Disease: A Potential Mechanism for Regulatory T Cell Dysfunction
Authors: Subramanian Kumar , Paul Saikat , Libby Andrew , Patterson Jordan , Arterbery Adam , Knight James , Castaldi Christopher , Wang Guilin , Avitzur Yaron , Martinez Mercedes , Lobritto Steve , Deng Yanhong , Geliang Gan , Kroemer Alexander , Fishbein Thomas , Mason Andrew , Dominguez-Villar Margarita , Mariappan Malaiyalam , Ekong Udeme D
Published: February 2023

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are not terminally differentiated but can acquire effector properties. Here we report an increased expression of human endogenous retrovirus 1 (HERV1-env) proteins in Tregs of patients with de novo autoimmune hepatitis and autoimmune hepatitis, which induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. HERV1-env-triggered ER stress activates all three branches (IRE1, ATF6, and PERK) of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Our coimmunoprecipitation studies show an interaction between HERV1-env proteins and the ATF6 branch of the UPR. The activated form of ATF6α activates the expression of RORC and STAT3 by binding to promoter sequences and induces IL-17A production. Silencing of HERV1-env results in recovery of Treg suppressive function. These findings identify ER stress and UPR activation as key factors driving Treg plasticity (species: human).
An Unusual Case of Disseminated Histoplasmosis Mimicking an Autoimmune Disease!
Authors: Baliga Sahana , Agrawal Umang , Sunavala Ayesha , Madnani Nina , Joshi Rajiv , Shaikh Asna , Nanavati Rishabh , Patil Parmeshwar , Kadam Soham , Samant Rohini
Published: February 2023

The globe has not yet recovered from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The infection with the virus and its treatment can lead to a state of immunological aberration predisposing to many infections. Here we present this patient who was treated with steroids during COVID but later developed mucocutaneous nodular lesions and arthritis. This was initially treated as an autoimmune disease which was eventually diagnosed to be systemic histoplasmosis. There are few case reports on post-COVID histoplasmosis in HIV patients. However, there is a paucity of literature on non-HIV patients. We report this case as the treating physician and rheumatologist must be cognizant of the atypical infections which can mimic an autoimmune disease. As management differs in both, awareness can avoid morbidity for the patient.
The Prognostic Implication of Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Hsiang Chih-Weim , Lin Wen-Yu , Lo Cheng-Hsiang , Liang Chun-Yu , Lin Tsung-Kun , Hsieh Chun-Hsien , Chen Jia-En , Liu Wen-Cheng
Published: February 2023

Background:

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a well-validated parameter reflecting the extent of subclinical atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis manifestations are commonly presented in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Nevertheless, the long-term cardiovascular risks in AF patients with concomitant CAC are limited.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to identify the prognostic impact of CAC in patients with AF.

Methods:

A total of 646 eligible patients who underwent noncontrast coronary computed tomography (nCCT) from January 2012 to December 2018 were evaluated and retrospectively followed up for 2 years. The patients were assessed for cardiovascular outcomes, including nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, late coronary revascularization, major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), and total coronary and total composite events, by a multivariable Cox regression hazards model with adjusting for significant confounding factors.

Results:

AF patients with severe CAC (CAC score [CACS] >400 Agatston units) had significantly higher risks of composite cardiovascular outcomes, including MACEs (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 57.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.28–1434.41, P = 0.014), total coronary events (adjusted HR: 16.48, 95% CI: 1.21–224.15, P = 0.035), and total composite events (adjusted HR: 26.35, 95% CI: 2.45–283.69, P = 0.007), than sinus rhythm patients without CAC. Moreover, severe CAC in AF patients was a significant predictor of total composite events (adjusted HR: 59.1, 95% CI: 2.16–1616.33, P = 0.016).

Conclusion:

Severe CAC in AF patients may cause significantly higher cardiovascular risks, highlighting the role of nCCT in determining CACs for early risk evaluation to facilitate aggressive risk modification and thereby to prevent subsequent cardiovascular events. Further, large, prospective studies are needed to validate the impact of CAC in patients with AF.
Association of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load with Biochemical Profile of COVID-19 Patients: A Nigerian Experience
Authors: Okwor CJ , Meka IA , Nto-Ezimah UA , Nto NJ , Nduka NS , Akinwande KS , Edem VF
Published: February 2023

Background:

Kidney involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathology has been supported by high frequency of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression on renal cells and reports of acute kidney injury. However, the association between host viral load and kidney function is not clear.

Aim:

In this study, plasma levels of renal markers (urea nitrogen, creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)) and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chlorine, and bicarbonate) were assessed in relation to SARS-CoV-2 viral load of COVID-19 patients.

Patients and Methods:

This cross-sectional study involved 144 consenting COVID-19 patients admitted to the Ogun state COVID-19 isolation center between May and December 2020. All participants presented with mild respiratory symptoms and did not require ICU admission or ventilation support. Data included reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) cycle threshold (C
T
) value, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, sodium, potassium, chlorine, bicarbonate measurements, and glomerular filtration rate. Reference intervals were used as comparators, and multiple linear regression model was fitted. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

BUN level and creatinine were elevated in 4 (2.8%) and 42 (29.2%) patients, respectively, with lowered eGFR observed in 37 (25.7%) patients. Hyponatremia and hypokalemia were observed in 35 (24.3%) and 21 (14.6%) patients, respectively, while hypochloremia was observed in 21 (14.6%) patients. Lowered bicarbonate was observed in 29 (20.1%) patients. Linear regression showed statistically significant association (R2 = 0.340, P = 0.032) between RT-PCR C
T
value and eGFR (b = 0.006, P = 0.017) as well as HCO3 (b = -0.262, P = 0.036).

Conclusion:

COVID-19 patients with mild respiratory symptoms exhibited renal abnormalities, electrolytes, and acid-base imbalances which were partly associated with SARS-CoV-2 viral load.
Prevalence and Trends of Adult Overweight and Obesity in Nigeria — A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ramalan MA , Gezawa ID , Musa BM , Uloko AE , Fakhraddeen YM
Published: February 2023

Background:

The prevalence of obesity and its attendant complications are on the increase globally—sub-Saharan Africa inclusive. Obesity confers an increased risk of coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes, ischemic stroke, and some cancers. In Nigeria, several individual reports estimate an exponential increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity.

Aim:

In this study, we aimed to estimate the current prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigeria through a systematic review and meta-analyses.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on the prevalence of obesity in Nigeria using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) format following searches on major search engines, performed in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Africa Journals Online (AJOL), and the WHO African Index Medicus database. Studies on the subject area conducted from the year 2000 to 2018 were included. The forest plot was used to graphically present the results, while confidence interval at 95% was used to display the rates.

Results:

A total of 77 articles on the prevalence of obesity involving 107, 781 individuals were used in the study. We found a pooled estimate of overweight of 26.0% (95% CI: 23.0–29.0) and that of obesity as 15.0% (95% CI: 13.0–16.0). There was an increasing trend in the prevalence of obesity in Nigeria from the study especially among urban dwellers.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of obesity and overweight in Nigeria is high with a rising trend over the years. A Nigerian national health survey of non-communicable diseases especially the burden of overweight/obesity is recommended to through more light on the subject. There is need for concerted effort to tame the tide of rising obesity rates in Nigeria.
Use of metallic ureteric stents for chronic ureteric obstruction and its association with value-based care
Authors: Law Yu Xi Terence , Zhou Ang , Consigliere David Terrence , Goh Benjamin Yen Seow , Tiong Ho Yee
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

We aimed to compare the real-world data and our clinical experience with metallic stents (MSs) and conventional polymeric stents (PSs) in the management of both malignant and benign chronic ureteric obstruction (CUO), in terms of clinical outcomes and costs.

Methods:

Clinical data from our institution, including outcomes for all ureteric stents inserted for long-term management of CUO from all causes from 2014 to 2017, were retrospectively reviewed and compared between the MS and PS episodes.

Results:

A total of 247 stents were placed in 63 patients with CUO over the 4-year study period. Of these, 45 stents were MSs. There was no significant difference in all baseline characteristics between the MS and PS groups, except for the aetiology of obstructive cause. Mean indwelling stent duration was significantly greater for MS than for PS (228.6 ± 147.0 vs. 146.1 ± 66.0 days, P < 0.001), thereby leading to lower average number of stent changes per year in the MS group compared to the PS group (1.4 vs. 6.3 times, respectively). Despite the higher unit cost of MS compared to PS, there was no significant mean cost difference overall (cost per dwelling day SGD 7.82 ± SGD 10.44 vs. SGD 8.23 ± SGD 20.50, P = 0.888).

Conclusion:

Resonance MS is a better option than PS to manage CUO from malignant and benign causes because its significantly longer indwelling time mitigates the higher unit cost of the stent. It potentially reduces the number of procedures and operations in patients. Thus, it should be considered for all patients with CUO requiring long-term ureteric drainage.
Acute Mastoiditis in a Young Child
Authors: Alharbi Salmah M. , Alasiri Ahmed Saeed , Ardi Khalid Talat , Alahmari Yahya Dhafer
Published: February 2023

Acute mastoiditis is a serious complication of acute otitis media. It is a destructive inflammatory disease of the mastoid bone. There is no consensus on the management of acute mastoiditis in children. Proper choice of the treatment regimen according to the presentation of the patient and the patient's response to therapy is critical to prevent further complications. We report the case of a 3-month-old child with acute otomastoiditis complicated by subperiosteal and subcutaneous abscesses. He was successfully managed with intravenous antibiotics, incision and drainage of the abscesses, and myringotomy tube insertion without the need for mastoidectomy.
La difusión mediática de la política exterior de Argentina durante el menemismo
Authors: García Lucero Dafne
Published: February 2023

La investigación se centra en el estudio de la relación bilateral entre Argentina y Estados Unidos a través de un caso que por su relevancia resulta paradigmático: la visita del presidente Clinton a la Argentina en el año 1997.Así, el estudio pretende vincular dos esferas del conocimiento científico: la comunicación social en su versión massmediática y la política exterior. En tal sentido, el trabajo se centra en la caracterización, el conocimiento del sentido de las opiniones vertidas y las argumentaciones esgrimidas en torno a la política exterior argentina durante los años ´90.La política exterior constituye en la actualidad un campo de investigación ineludible, dado el nuevo orden mundial en el cual las relaciones internacionales suponen apreciaciones imprescindibles y se vinculan – a su vez- con la información periodística que las representan y constituyen.
Lo publicado en los medios de difusión es el resultado de una selección y de un recorte justificado tanto en los aspectos técnicos como en los ideológicos. Por lo que se concluye que los medios dan a conocer o esconden aspectos de la realidad. De ésta manera intervienen en la lucha por la imposición de la visión legítima. Si los diferentes agentes ocupan lugares específicos en el espacio social, existirán “puntos de vista diferentes o aún antagónicos (...) puesto que la visión que cada agente tiene del espacio depende de su posición en él”. (Bourdieu, 1988:133)
Desde esta perspectiva, este trabajo tiene como propósito fundamental intentar indagar sobre la relación entre los lineamientos de la política exterior y lo publicado por los medios de comunicación masiva en Argentina.
Nuevos códigos de ética y nuevas formas de entender el periodismo
Authors: Aznar Hugo
Published: February 2023

A comienzos de 2005 aparecerá publicada una nueva recopilación de códigos éticos del periodismo. En ella se recogen recomendaciones de diversos colectivos y entidades para mejorar el tratamiento que los medios dan a algunos de los grandes retos sociales del presente. Estos códigos comparten algunos rasgos comunes que son objeto del estudio introductorio que los acompaña. A continuación se adelanta precisamente el apartado del estudio introductorio dedicado a presentar estos rasgos novedosos que, en opinión del autor, lo son tanto de los códigos éticos como del propio periodismo.
Chemical and Nutritional Analysis of Oil and Plantain Chips from Palm Olein Enriched with Extracts of Green Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis)
Authors: Loungaing Demgne Valerie , Tonfack Djikeng Fabrice , Boungo Teboukeu Gires , Njike Ngamga Fabrice Hervé , Womeni Hilaire Macaire
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of methanolic extract from green tea leaves (TLE) on the oxidative stability of palm olein during deep-fat-frying and on the nutrient composition of plantain chips produced from it. Palm olein samples were respectively enriched with 1000, 1400 and 1800 ppm of extract; and 200 ppm of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) which served as positive control; while oil without additives served as negative control. A total of 15 frying cycles was done at 180°C for 3 min. Oil samples were collected fresh, at 1, 5, 8, 10 and 15 frying cycles for quality analysis. The evaluated parameters were the peroxide, anisidine, thiobarbituric acid, and iodine and total oxidation values (TOTOX). The plantain chips obtained after 5, 10 and 15 frying cycles were assessed for their proximate composition and mineral content using standards methods. Results showed that after 15 frying cycles, TLE at 1800 ppm protected palm olein from oxidation better than BHT as TOTOX of these oil samples were 25.54 and 28.24 respectively. A proximate and mineral composition analyses of chips revealed that in contrast to the samples made from oil without additives, those made from oil enriched with TLE showed low oil content and high carbohydrate, protein and mineral (phosphorus, calcium and magnesium) content. It can be concluded that green tea leaves extract is efficient in delaying palm olein alteration and increases the nutrient composition of plantain chips.