bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HISTORY OF THE ENTRY OF ISLAM IN THE MUSLIM MINORITY AREA OF TANA TORAJA
Authors: Tahir Qaharuddin , Alang Sattu , Said Nurhidayat Muhammad , Halik Abd.
Published: January 2022

Tana Toraja is known as the only district in South Sulawesi with a Muslim minority population. This research discusses the early history and route of entry of Islam in Tana Toraja. This research is a qualitative research, with a phenomenological approach in the context of da'wah, communication and history. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews and literature review. Data analysis techniques were carried out, referring to the data analysis principles proposed by Miles and Huberman. Which offers an interactive model analysis system, which consists of three components, namely data reduction, data display, and drawing and verifying conclusions. The results showed that the entry of Islam in Tana Toraja began with the interaction of local people with traders from Bugis Luwu, Bone and Sidenreng, then followed by the Islamization of two Toraja nobles, namely Puang Sondong in Batualu and Rangga in Madandan.
DA'WAH IN RESPONDING TO THE PROBLEMS OF CONTEMPORARY RADICALISM
Authors: Arifuddin Arifuddin , Faridah Faridah
Published: January 2022

This research reveals the solution of Da'wah in addressing the problems of contemporary radicalism that works vigilantly and understands further the causes of radicalism that determine the handling of the problems found. There are several causes of radicalism, namely social factors including economic and political factors, religious factors and psychological factors, these three factors equipped with the presence of the internet which causes the problem of radicalism spread more easily in the community. The da'wah solution carried out for the problem of radicalism is the cooperation between all elements of society by implementing actions according to their respective to their main duties and functions. Da'wah is carried out coolly, accompanied by exemplary, Islam must appear in an attractive, friendly, tolerant, moderate form of preaching that is continuously reformed, the practice of the four pillars of nationality (Pancasila, 1945 Constitution, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, and NKRI). Besides that, there is a need to improve the quality of human resources and equal justice for the entire community.
MASHARIF AL-ZAKAT: THE HADITH MAUDHU'I APPROACH
Authors: Santoso Ivan Rahmat , Ahmad La Ode Ismail , Hasan Muhammad , Aziz Indrawan , Bachtiar Muhammad Harsya
Published: January 2022

The distribution of zakat (masharif al-zaká) is an important factor as an indicator of the optimal function of zakat. In addition to the qur’an, the zakat distribution mechanism should be based on valid traditions as references in its management. This study aims to analyze the distribution of zakat in the review of maudhu'iy hadith. The method used is a thematic approach (al-hadith al-maudhu'i). The result of the research shows that the hadith that is being discussed is categorized as hasan lighairihi hadith, where the origin is dha'if but has reinforcement from other lines so that it is elevated to hasan lighairihi. In addition, the contents of the prophet's hadiths regarding mashârif al-zakât which are discussed do not contradict the verses of the qur’an, because they have the same meaning regarding the eight asnaf who are entitled to receive zakat.
AL-QUR'AN INSIGHTS ABOUT KIZB
Authors: Syamsuddin Syamsuddin , Abubakar Achmad , Galib M. , Sohrah Sohrah
Published: January 2022

This research is related to the comprehensive view of the Qur'an about kiz|b, the discussion focuses on matters related to kiz|b, namely the essence of kiz|b: definitions and terms that are relevant in meaning to kiz|b either directly or indirectly. , explicitly or implicitly designated by the Qur'an, including, subject, object, motive and impact This research is (library research), intended to obtain data and information, literature in the form of books, notes and reports of scientific research that done before. These written data were then analyzed qualitatively. This is done because this research departs from the exposure of research data in the form of verses of the Qur'an, then put forward various interpretations related to the verse referred to by using various approaches. Then this research will offer a theory about the insight of the Qur'an about kiz|b. This type of research is classified as descriptive qualitative research, which can be interpreted as a problem solving procedure that is being studied by carefully describing or describing the state of the object of research. This descriptive research is a method designed to collect data and information whose main purpose is to provide a clear picture of the nature of a situation. Because this research is descriptive, it is not intended to test existing theories, but is directed to develop theories and ideas related to الكذب which can be interpreted as a problem solving procedure that is being studied by describing or describing the state of the object of research carefully. This descriptive research is a method designed to collect data and information whose main purpose is to provide a clear picture of the nature of a situation. Because this research is descriptive, it is not intended to test existing theories, but is directed to develop theories and ideas related to الكذب which can be interpreted as a problem-solving procedure that is being studied by carefully describing or describing the state of the object of research. This descriptive research is a method designed to collect data and information whose main purpose is to provide a clear picture of the nature of a situation. Because this research is descriptive, it is not intended to test existing theories, but is directed to develop theories and ideas related to الكذب في الان al-kiz|b fi al-Qur'an Insight of al-Qur'an about Kiz|b, the approach in question is the approach to the science of interpretation, namely the science by which an understanding of the Qur'an is obtained. This research data comes from a lot of literature, so this research uses documentary data collection techniques, namely finding and collecting data sourced from written sources such as primary and secondary data obtained from the Qur'anic manuscripts, hadith books, interpretation books and other literature related to the discussion of research, the object of this research is the verses of the Qur'an about al-Kiz|b whose data is classified as qualitative data, then the data is analyzed using content analysis techniques.
MAPPAJA’ PRACTICES IN AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY TRADING IN THE DISTRICT OF WEST SINJAI, SINJAI REGENCY
Authors: Ermiati Ermiati , Wahab Abdul , Haddade Abdul Wahid
Published: January 2022

This study will elaborate on the form of mappaja' trading, which is considered as an attractive economic issue as in its transactions, people do not use a system of weighing scales in trading their harvests, but with a cost estimation system for the goods. Therefore, in the trading practice, there is often a discrepancy between the harvest and the buyer’s expectation, because it may contain an element of gharar/obscurity of the goods, which can lead to an invalid transaction and harm one of the parties. This study indicated that the practice of mappaja' for agricultural commodities has occurred for a long time. The mechanism is by estimating the number of plants based on mutual trust and responsibility. The agricultural commodities used as the mappaja' objects are cloves and vegetables (carrots, cabbage, and tomatoes). The payment method in mappaja' practice is carried out in two ways, namely full payment and twice payment. Twice payment refers to the transaction where half of the payment was handed over on the agreement as a down payment and a sign of completion, then the rest of the payment were handed after the harvest. The condition of the plant is ready to harvest or not ready for harvest in the transaction of mappaja’. The rights and obligations of both parties are that traders are obliged to make payments to farmers according to the agreement and for the farmers, they have to keep taking good care of the plants if at the time of the transaction the condition of the plants is still not ready for harvest.
AL-IHSAN AL-QUR'AN PERSPECTIVE (A Study of Thematic Interpretation)
Authors: Umar Umar , Mardan Mardan , Salenda Kasjim , Farhani Aan
Published: January 2022

This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of al-Ihsan in the view of the Koran. The less harmonious relationship in society encourages researchers to conduct research on the concept of al-Ihsan from the perspective of the Koran. The main problem of this research is how is al-Ihsan the perspective of the Qur'an? The main problems, namely 1) What is the nature of al-Ihsan from the perspective of the Koran?; 2) What is the form of al-Ihsan in the study of the Koran?; and what is the urgency of al-Ihsan in the view of the Qur'an? This research is library research or library research that is descriptive qualitative. The sources of data used are verses of the Qur'an, books of interpretation and hadith as well as other scientific books. This research uses a science of interpretation approach with thematic interpretation method (maudu'i). The data obtained were collected and sorted accordingly. The technique of analyzing and presenting data is done by content analysis. From the description and analysis carried out in the research, it is concluded that al-Ihsan from the perspective of the Koran is the best form of human action performed perfectly. Al-Ihsan is a plus (more) value of the best deed done according to its level. The best deeds are carried out both towards God, fellow human beings, and the natural environment. The actualization of ihsan is carried out with knowledge, solemnity, and sincerity and is manifested in the form of his personality integrity. All actions taken will be intended as a form of worship to Allah swt. For humans and other creatures created by Allah, it will provide more benefits and favors than doing justice. All these best deeds will continue to be improved for the sake of self-perfection.
THE APPLICATION OF THE SEMIOTICS OF QUR’AN TOWARD THE STORY OF THE CHOSEN SERVANTS IN SURAH MARYAM
Authors: Soga Zainuddin , Mardan Mardan , Tola Achmad , Kasim Amrah , Abunawas Kamaluddin
Published: January 2022

This study elaborates the application of semiotic theory in Surah Maryam (Maryam). This study is library research. The library research was conducted through various literature studies related to the problem investigated. The approach used is a semiotic approach. The data sources are divided into two; primary and secondary data. The primary data source is the Qur'an (surah Maryam) and the secondary data sources are books of interpretation, semiotics and linguistics. The data collection is done by quoting, adapting, and analyzing the representative literature and relevant to the problems discussed, then reviewing and concluding. The study results showed three forms of semiotic application in Surah Maryam: first, semiotics of significance from Ferdinand de Saussure's (synchronic-diachronic theory). Second, semiotics of communication from Charles S. Peirce's includes iconic, indexical, and symbolic theories. Third, connotative semiotics from Roland Barthes' which consists of denotative meaning and connotative meaning. This study implies that the semiotic reading of the Qur’an prioritizes the interpretation of the text in a synchronic and diachronic, denotative and connotative way. Hopefully, by this reading, religious and Islamic moderation could be achieved.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING MEDIA OF PANJAT PINANG BIO BOARD GAMES AT THE CLASS XI OF MA GUPPI SAMATA
Authors: Taufiq Ainul Uyuni , Jabbar Asniati , Zulkarnaim Zulkarnaim
Published: January 2022

Abstract:This research aimed to: (1) develop learning media of Panjat Pinang Bio Board Games based on circulation system material for class XI of MA GUPPI Samata, (2) determine the level of validity, practicality, and effectiveness of Panjat Pinang Bio Board Games. The research method employed was Research and Development (R & D) with the 4-D development model, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. The instruments used were validation sheets, educator and student questionnaires, and questions. The population was 24 students of class XI, and six students were selected as samples. The results indicated that the average validity level was 3.62 with valid category, while the average practicality level was 3.10 with practical category. The level of efficacy was 100% which fulfilled the completeness criteria with effective category. Therefore, Panjat Pinang Bio Board Games was considered practicable to employ since it matched the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective. Selecting appropriate learning media supports students' learning outcomes. Abstrak:Penelitian bertujuan (1) mengembangkan media pembelajaran Bio Board Gamess Panjat Pinang pada materi sistem sirkulasi kelas XI MA pesantren GUPPI Samata, (2) mengetahui tingkat kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan media pembelajaran Bio Board Gamess Panjat Pinang pada materi sistem sirkulasi kelas XI MA pesantren GUPPI Samata. Metode penelitian yaitu research and development (R & D) dengan model pengembangan 4-D yaitu define, design, develop dan disseminate. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan di antaranya lembar validasi, angket respon pendidik dan peserta didik, dan soal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI dan terpilih 6 orang sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat validitas 3,62 dengan kategori valid, tingkat kepraktisan rata-rata 3,10 dengan kategori praktis. Tingkat keefektifan mencapai 100% yang memenuhi nilai KKM dengan kategori efektif. Sehingga media pembelajaran Bio Board Gamess Panjat Pinang layak digunakan karena memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis dan efektif. Pemilihan media pembelajaran yang tepat mendukung hasil belajar siswa.
STUDENTS' PARTICIPATION IN ONLINE LEARNING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN EAST PRIANGAN
Authors: Muslih Yuyun Nuriyah , Komalasari Imas , Halimah Ai Hilyatul
Published: January 2022

Abstract:Participation in learning is used as a means to create effective learning to achieve learning success. Likewise, with online learning, participation has an important position that students must have. The form of learning participation can be realized in visual, oral, listening, writing and mental activities. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of student participation in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research population was all students in East Priangan, and the sample selected was 85 students who live in East Priangan. The research method used was survey research with a quantitative approach and data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires to the sample consisting of 85 students and indirect interviews. The research results indicated that online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic could be an effective way to be implemented, although, in practice, there were still some technical and non-technical obstacles.Abstrak:Partisipasi dalam pembelajaran digunakan sebagai sarana untuk menciptakan pembelajaran yang efektif guna mencapai keberhasilan belajar. Begitupun dengan pembelajaran online, partisipasi memiliki posisi penting yang harus dimiliki mahasiswa. Bentuk partisipasi belajar dapat diwujudkan dalam aktivitas visual, oral, menyimak, menulis dan mental.  Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat partisipasi mahasiswa dalam perkuliahan online di masa pandemi Covid-19.  Populasi penelitiannya adalah seluruh mahasiswa yang ada di Priangan Timur, dengan sampel yang digunakan yaitu 85 mahasiswa yang berdomisili di Priangan Timur. Adapun metode penelitiannya menggunakan penelitian survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui penyebaran kuisioner kepada sample yang terdiri dari 85 mahasiswa dan wawancara tidak langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perkuliahan online di masa pademi Covid-19 dapat dikatakan sebagai cara yang efektif untuk dilaksanakan, meskipun dalam pelaksanaannya masih ditemui adanya beberapa kendala baik teknis maupun non teknis.
FINANCING MANAGEMENT OF SCHOOL OPERATIONAL FUND (BOS) IN IMPROVING LEARNING AT BABAHROT STATE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS (SMPN) OF SOUTHWEST ACEH REGENCY
Authors: Hasmawati Hasmawati , AR Murniati , Usman Nasir
Published: January 2022

Abstract:In achieving the management objectives used and the resources that run them, this research objectives are: knowing the planning, use, supervision, control, and obstacle of BOS fund management to improve the quality of learning. The data collection method used qualitative method and data collection techniques through: observation, interviews and documentation studies. The research subjects were the principal, vice principal, treasurer, school committee, vice curriculum, and teachers. The results showed that the planning was formulated through RAPBS or RKAS by involving the deputy head, treasurer and committee, the use of funds in accordance with technical guidelines, supervision carried out by schools and agencies, accountability in the form of reports reported by the treasurer, and the obstacles faced were the procurement of school necessities that are not as desired. This means that when procuring high-quality school needs, it must adjust to standard quality, then there will be no BOS fund overrun.Abstrak:Dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi dipengaruhi manajemen yang diterapkan dan sumber daya yang menjalankannya, sesuai dengan itu tujuan penelitian ini adalah: untuk mengetahui perencanaan, penggunaan, pengawasan, pertanggungjawaban serta kendala dalam pengelolaan dana BOS untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data melalui: observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian adalah kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, bendahara, komite sekolah, wakilkurikulum, dan guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perencanaan dirumuskan melalui RAPBS atau RKAS dengan melibatkan Wakil Kepala, bendahara serta komite, penggunaan dana sesuai dengan juknis, pengawasan dilaksanakan oleh pihak sekolah dan dinas, pertanggungjawaban berupa laporan yang dilaporkan oleh bendahara, dan kendala yang dihadapi adalah pengadaan barang kebutuhan sekolah yang terkadang tidak sesuai dengan yang diinginkan. Artinya pada saat pengadaan kebutuhan sekolah dengan kualitas tinggi harus menyesuaikan kualitas yang standar tidak terjadi pembengkakan dana BOS.
MISCONCEPTION ANALYSIS IN TERMS OF STUDENT LEARNING STYLES
Authors: Fauziah Winda Rahma , Muchyidin Arif
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine students' misconceptions in social arithmetic material when viewed from student learning styles. The population in this study was 28 students of class VII F MTs Negeri 5 Cirebon. The research form used in this study is qualitative research, with a research strategy that is a case study. Data collection techniques used were 1) the observation method, 2) the tests method, 3) the questionnaire method, 4) the interview method is conducted for students who experience misconceptions after adjusting to the student's learning style. The results of this study are 1) Students who have a visual learning style do not experience misconceptions in mathematical concepts, but students experience misconceptions in the process of counting and translation. 2) Students who have auditorial learning styles, there are no misconceptions in mathematical concepts, but students experience errors in the final calculation process. 3) Students who have kinesthetic learning styles it is suspected that students have conceptual misconceptions because students do not understand the concept of the process including students who do not understand the mathematical formulas and values that must be used and students do not understand calculations. In general, the causes of misconceptions in students who have visual learning styles, auditory and kinesthetic, are derived from student understanding and teacher learning methods.
THE EFFECT OF VIRTUAL LEARNING THROUGH ONLINE LEARNING SYSTEM (SPADA) ON STUDENTS' LEARNING OUTCOMES IN ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURE COURSE IN DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS EDUCATION, MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR
Authors: Halim St. Nur Humairah , Tahir Sitti Rahmah , Mahmud Randy Saputra , Syata Ilham , Novitasari Dwi
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of treatment on student learning outcomes in the algebraic structure course at the Department of Mathematics Education of the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar in virtual learning through the online learning system (SPADA). This study is a quasi-experimental design with a post-test-only control group whose results were analyzed using descriptive analysis and inferential analysis (mann whitney test). The population is the class of 2019 who is programming an algebraic structure course consisting of 3 classes, then a sample consisting of 2 classes was selected, namely, one experimental class taught through SPADA, and one control class taught in addition to using SPADA, namely, zoom meeting, google meet, email, and whatsApp groups. The instrument used is a test of student learning outcomes. The results obtained are that the average learning outcomes of students who are taught through SPADA are higher than the average learning outcomes of students who are taught other than through SPADA, but the results of the Mann Whitney test show that there is no significant difference from the learning outcomes of students who have been taught through SPADA or other than SPADA. Researchers suggest that providing virtual learning not only relies on one learning media but also on the synergy between one media and another, which will further optimize virtual learning.
DEVELOPING DIGITAL MODULE USING FLIP PDF PROFESSIONAL TO FACILITATE STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS ON NUMBER PATTERN MATERIAL
Authors: Lestari Sinta Dwi , Wijayanti Palupi Sri
Published: January 2022

This study aims to develop a digital module using Flip PDF Professional to facilitate students' mathematical communication skills through contextual problems. This research is Research & Development (R&D). The development model used is the ADDIE development model. The stages in the development model are analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The digital module was piloted to class VIII A MTs Al Ichsan students for the 2020/2021 academic year. The module was compiled to meet the valid, practical, and effective criteria. Based on the results of the study, it was obtained that (1) The digital module is declared “valid” with an average expert score of 88% with the “excellent” criteria. (2) The digital module is declared “practical” with an average score percentage of 90% with the “excellent” criteria. (3) The digital module is declared “effective” with an average score percentage of 88% with the “excellent” criteria. The analysis results of the effectiveness of the digital module to facilitate mathematical communication skills show that the average test results of students are more than the minimum completeness criteria. This module can be further developed by other researchers discussing different materials or made even more exciting and developed using other application assistance.
Algild hönnun: Leiðarljós að jafnræði og tækifærum til samfélagsþátttöku
Authors: Egilson Snæfríður Þóra , Jónasdóttir Sigrún Kristín
Published: January 2022

Markmið þessarar greinar er að fjalla um algilda hönnun (e. universal design) í fræðilegu samhengi og með skírskotun í rannsóknir höfunda. Sjónum er einnig beint að stefnumótandi skjölum um algilda hönnun hér á landi. Algild hönnun er byggð á gildum um jafnræði og jafna möguleika til þátttöku í samfélaginu. Lögð er áhersla á að koma til móts við mannlegan margbreytileika, það er fólk með mismunandi eiginleika, hæfni og takmarkanir. Framan af beindust áherslur algildrar hönnunar fyrst og fremst að manngerðu umhverfi en í auknum mæli er nú einnig litið til félagslegs umhverfis, stefnumótunar, verklags og viðhorfa. Enn fremur hefur áhersla á notagildi umhverfis, vöru og þjónustu aukist. Síðustu ár hafa mannréttindaáherslur einkennt umfjöllun um hugtakið og með innleiðingu samnings Sameinuðu þjóðanna um réttindi fatlaðs fólks hafa hérlend stjórnvöld lýst yfir stuðningi við algilda hönnun í íslensku samfélagi. Þótt hér sé fyrst og fremst fjallað um hugtakið í tengslum við fötlun hefur það mun víðtækari skírskotun, eins og fram kemur í greininni.
Aðdragandi, tilurð og inntak íslenskrar löggjafar um lýðskóla
Authors: Antonsdóttir Júlí Ósk , Þorsteinsdóttir Ragnheiður Elfa , Ólafsdóttir Anna
Published: January 2022

Um miðja nítjándu öld komu fram í Danmörku hugmyndir um annars konar nám en hefðbundið bóknám fyrir ungmenni landsins. Á grunni þeirra voru stofnaðir skólar í Danmörku sem nefndir voru lýðháskólar. Breiddust þeir hratt út á Norðurlöndum en festu ekki rætur á Íslandi með sama hætti. Samt sem áður hefur hugmyndafræði lýðháskólanna lifað hér á landi. Hafa tveir skólar verið stofnaðir á grunni hennar á undanförnum árum og sumarið 2019 gengu í gildi hér á landi lög um lýðskóla. Markmið greinarinnar er að varpa ljósi á aðdraganda, tilurð og inntak laganna. Fjallað er um hugmyndafræðilegan bakgrunn og sögu lýðháskólanna og gerð grein fyrir lögum sem um þá gilda í Noregi og Danmörku. Helstu ályktanir höfunda eru þær að lög um lýðskóla á Íslandi marki tímamót því með þeim fá skólarnir formlega lagalega viðurkenningu að uppfylltum skilyrðum. Á hinn bóginn geti það skapað rekstrarlega óvissu að opinber stuðningur til þeirra skuli ekki vera tryggður með lögum.
Validation of Flory-Huggins model for phenol adsorption by Parthenium hysterophorus in a batch system
Authors: Latif1 Zakia , Fazal2 Aliya , Choudhary1 Muhammad Aziz , Ahmad1 Zahoor , Mirza1 Muhammad Aslam
Published: January 2022

Parthenium hysterophorus weed powder was studied as adsorbent for phenol adsorption from its aqueous standardized solution. The adsorption of pollutant was found improving with an increase of biomass dosage and contact time. The intraparticle diffusion of phenol onto adsorbent surface was identified to be the rate limiting step. Linear form of Flory-Huggins model revealed preeminence to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich due to highest value of R2. The remediation process was figured out as a physisorption rather than a chemical one based on value of E (0.21KJ/mol). Active sites of sorbent surface identified by FT-IR were oxygen containing functional groups. Recent study proposes cost effective utilization of toxic allergent for treatment of toxic waste.
Adsorption of Toxic Indigo Carmen Dyestuff from Aqueous Solution by Chitosan and Chitosan Phthalate
Authors: Ekinci Selma , Guzel Fuat
Published: January 2022

Toxic indigo carmen dyestuff was removed from the aqueous solution by adsorption. Adsorption was examined kinetically and thermodynamically based on temperature. Derivative of chitosan which is called chitosan phthalate was synthesized and used in removal of indigo carmen from aqueous solution. Some kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Adsorption isotherms were drawn. Lastly, the adsorption of indigo carmen from the aqueous solution by chitosan and chitosan phthalate were compared.
Advancement of Khadi Textile: Textile Glummer of India
Authors: Das M. , Basak S.
Published: January 2022

Khadi fabric is the textile glummer of India and has been started to use in India from at least ten decades ago (from 1920s). Normally it consist of cotton, wool, silk like natural fibre etc. and the concern fabric is made by hand made (by charka spinning technology) yarn and in the traditional handloom process. Normally, different kind of natural dyes (vegetable based, wastage material based, tannin based colour) and the eco-friendly synthetic dyes are used for the coloration of the khadi textile. In addition some traditional printing techniques like hand screen printing, block printing is used for the special effect on the khadi textile. Concerning the value addition, only stiff khadi fabric is marketed which is made by adding starch. However, some special low cost other value addition of the khadi fabric will make it more acceptable to the consumers of the India and also in the other countries. In this respect, bioactive based finish and the mosquito repellent khadi textile is very much important. This kind of functionality will make the fabric hygienic in terms of attack by deadly mosquitoes and also some harmful microorganisms. Apart from it, if it is possible to make UV protective and the fire retardant khadi textile, it will increase its popularity and also gain the socio economic importancy to the consumers and the handloom weavers of India and the other subcontinental countries.
Roentgenographic investigation of solid-phase equilibria in the PbSe-AgSbSe2system
Authors: Baba Babanly Mahammad , Hamlet Mansimova Shabnam , Najaf OrujluElnur
Published: January 2022

The solid-phase equilibria in the 2PbSe-AgSbSe2system were studied by using the powder X-ray diffraction method.  It is established that the system is characterized by the formation of ~60 mol% solid solutions basedon AgSbSe2.Solubility based on PbSe is about 3mol%. The cubic lattice parameters of solid solutions are defined.
An overview to photo-catalytic degradation of dyes in waste water
Authors: Najar Mohd Hanief , Najar Ishtiyaq Ahmed
Published: January 2022

Organic dyes used in textile and food industries are the important sources of environmental contaminations due to their non-bio degradability and high toxicity to aquatic creatures and carcinogenic effects on humans. This demands environmental remediation by the use of techniques which are environmentally benign. For this purpose, a general overview of dye degradation by light in the presence of materials as photo-catalysts has been given. The mechanism of action has also been described. Importantly, the materials involved in dye degradation usually involve nano-composites of either conducting polymers or metal-oxidesor graphene based systems which are insoluble in aqueous solutions, hence will be environmentally benign and can therefore be recovered after use.
The variations of hydrophilic self-cleaning properties and refractive index dependence in the ZrO2 thin films by Gamma Irradiation
Authors: Abayli D. , Baydogan Nilgün
Published: January 2022

ZrO2 thin film samples were produced by the sol-gel dip coating method. Four different absorbed dose levels (such as ~ 0.4, 0.7, 1.2 and 2.7 Gray-Gy) were applied to ZrO2 thin films. Hence, the absorbed dose of ZrO2 thin film was examined as physical dose quantity representing the mean energy imparted to the thin film per unit mass by gamma radiation. Modification of the grain size was performed sensitively by the application of the absorbed dose to the ZrO2 thin film. Therefore the grain size reached from ~50 nm to 87 nm at the irradiated ZrO2 thin film. The relationship of the grain size, the contact angle, and the refractive index of the irradiated ZrO2 thin film was investigated as being an important technical concern. The irradiation process was performed in a hot cell by using a certified solid gamma ray source with 0.018021 Ci as an alternative technique to minimize the utilization of extra toxicological chemical solution. Antireflection and hydrophilic properties of the irradiated ZrO2 thin film were slightly improved by the modification of the grain size. The details on the optical and structural properties of the ZrO2 thin film were examined to obtain the optimum high refractive index, self-cleaning and anti-reflective properties.
Synthesis and characterization of electrically conductive silicone rubber — TiB2 composites
Authors: Joshi Aparna M , Athawale Anjali A
Published: January 2022

In this paper, electrically conductive composites comprised of silicone rubber and titanium diboride (TiB2) were synthesized by conventional mixing methods. Fine particles of TiB2 (in micron size) and 10 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) proportion of carbon black (XC-72) were used to make the composites with HTV silicone rubber. The composites were cured at appropriate temperature and pressure and the effect on the electrical properties was studied. The resistance of the silicone rubber is ~ 1015Ω which decreases to 1–2 kΩ in case of composites with negligible effect of heat ageing. The hardness increases by ~ 35% simultaneous to the decrease of ~ 47% in the tensile strength. Morphological characterization indicates the homogeneous dispersion of the fillers in the composite.
Interaction of light with lead halide perovskites: A review
Authors: Dang Zhiya , Dinh Duc Anh
Published: January 2022

Lead halide perovskites are the new rising generation of semiconductor materials due to their unique optical and electrical properties. The investigation of the interaction of halide perovskites and light is a key issue not only for understanding their photophysics but also for practical applications. Hence, tremendous efforts have been devoted to this topic and brunch into two: (i) decomposition of the halide perovskites thin films under light illumination; and (ii) influence of light soaking on their photoluminescence (PL) properties. In this review, we for the first time thoroughly compare the illumination conditions and the sample environment to correlate the PL changes and decomposition of perovskite under light illumination. In the case of vacuum and dry nitrogen, PL of the halide perovskite (MAPbI3–xClx, MAPbBr3–xClx, MAPbI3) thin films decreases due to the defects induced by light illumination, and under high excitations, the thin film even decomposes. In the presence of oxygen or moisture, light induces the PL enhancement of halide perovskite (MAPbI3) thin films at low light illumination, while increasing the excitation, which causes the PL to quench and perovskite thin film to decompose. In the case of mixed halide perovskite ((MA)Pb(BrxI1-x)3) light induces reversible segregation of Br domains and I domains.
Notes on tenuipalpid mites associated with Quercus pubescens in southern Italy
Authors: De Giosa Marcello , De Lillo Enrico , Ochoa Ronald
Published: January 2022

During a survey of the flat mites (Tenuipalpidae) on forest trees and agricultural crops in five different sites of the Apulian territories (Southern Italy) in 2019, Brevipalpus recki (Livschitz and Mitrofanov) and Cenopalpus longirostris (Livschitz and Mitrofanov) were collected on Quercus pubescens (Willdenow) (Fagaceae). The authors give an account of the new record of C. longirostris, which was not listed in the previous Italian fauna, and of the finding of B. recki in southern Italy, since it was only mentioned from the northern region of the country so far. In addition, the paper lists Q. pubescens as a new host plant for C. longirostris.
Waste colonialism and metabolic flows in island territories
Authors: Manglou Mélissa , Rocher Laurence , Bahers Jean-Baptiste
Published: January 2022

Islands are tightly connected to globalized material flows, with specific constraints and vulnerabilities. They are not closed metabolic loops of consumption, production, and waste, favorable to the circular economy. Small islands allow the observation of the material outcomes of circulation, from overflowing dumpsites to marine debris washing up on the shore. We argue that islands are key territories for better understanding the Capitalocene, precisely because of the ways in which they are connected to (rather than isolated from) globalized material flows. This article is a comparative geographical analysis of waste realities in three French/formerly French island territories: Ndzuwani (Comoros), Réunion, and New Caledonia. It builds on metabolism analysis and waste studies—in particular waste colonialism—to address the different perspectives that these approaches open up for the study of island territories. The long-term sociohistorical context of each island helps to explain contemporary waste management policies and practices. A material flow analysis makes it possible to sketch out metabolic profiles that show the contribution of prevailing mining and agricultural industries to waste generation. The comparison of current situations regarding household waste discourses and economies shows how these territories are characterized by waste accumulation.
Microstructural Evaluation of the High-Frequency Induction Welded Joints of Low Carbon Steel Pipes
Authors: Bunsch Adam , Krawczyk Janusz , Matusiewicz Piotr
Published: January 2022

The work presents the results of research on the structure of welded joints in the area of heat affected zone (HAZ). Based on precisely performed metallographic tests, the contribution of individual structural components in the area of welds of pipes welded with the induction method was assessed. The volume fraction of individual structural components in various areas of the heat affected zone, the size of the grain formed in the welding process, as well as its shape coefficients were determined. On the basis of metallographic observations, an attempt was made to describe the course of the pressure induction welding process, taking into account the structural changes, phase changes and the recovering and recrystallization processes taking place in this process.
Microstructural Characterization of Borided Co-Cr-Mo Alloy
Authors: Ucar Nazim , Gülüstan Can , Calik Adnan
Published: January 2022

This study involves the effect of boriding powder composition on the microstructure and hardness of a CoCrMo alloy borided in a solid medium using the powder pack method. To investigate the effect of boriding powder composition, two different commercial boriding agents, Ekabor-HM and Ekabor III, were thoroughly mixed with ferrosilicon powders to form the boriding media. The CoCrMo samples were tightly packed with the Ekabor-HM and Ekabor III boriding powders in stainless steel containers to minimize oxidation. The boriding process was carried out under atmospheric conditions for 9 h in an electrical resistance furnace preheated to 1223 K. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed that the surfaces of the borided CoCrMo alloys consisted of a bilayer composed of CoB and Co2B phases and also contained minor amounts of CrB, Mo2B5, and Mo2B. The average thickness of the boride layer in the samples borided with Ekabor HM and Ekabor III powders was 28±4.1 μm and 21±2.3 μm, while the average hardness of the boride layer was 1752±5.3 HV0.1 and 1364±3.8 HV0.1, respectively.
Analysis of Intra-Industry Trade in Agri-Food Products Between Bosnia and Herzegovina and the European Union
Authors: Brkić Snježana , Kastratović Radovan , Salkica Mirela Abidović
Published: January 2022

Although research of intra-industry trade (IIT) has been intensive in the last several decades, the empirical literature focusing on this phenomenon in the Western Balkans countries remains limited, especially in agricultural sector. Aiming to contribute to the existing literature, the paper analyses patterns and country-specific determinants of IIT in agri-food products between Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and the European Union (EU) during the period of their mutual trade liberalisation (2008-2018). The analysis employs Grubel-Lloyd indices and Greenaway-Hine-Milner methodology for measurement of IIT, and applies an econometric panel data model using a Poisson Pseudo-maximum likelihood approach in order to estimate effects of IIT determinants. The findings suggest that intra-industry agri-food trade of BiH with the EU is of low intensity and mainly of vertical nature, viewed totally and bilaterally. We found significant positive effects of trading countries’ sizes, common border and history on IIT, and negative effects of the geographic distance and differences in agricultural productivity.
Bio-dielectric based on superconductors yttrium calcium barium copper oxide (YCaBa2Cu3O7−x
) from eggshell as calcium oxide source via sol-gel process
Authors: Toumvong Wipawadee , Chitcharoentaweechoke Pornnita , Tangboriboon Nuchnapa
Published: January 2022

Eggshell is a rich source of calcium that is a dielectric material used for doping in a superconductor. Yttrium calcium barium copper oxide (Y
x
Ca1−x
Ba2Cu3O7) was prepared using the sol-gel process and fired at 900 °C or 1,000 °C. The stoichiometric ratio of the raw materials Y2O3:BaCl2:CuO:CaO was 1:2:3:1 based on the molar mass. The obtained YCaBCO had an orthorhombic crystal structure composed of distorted oxygen-deficient perovskite. The orthorhombic structure was unsymmetrical, providing a substantial increase in the physical electromagnetic properties of the superconductor. The YBCO-900-reference analyzed using an impedance analyzer in the range from 500 Hz to (1 × 106) Hz and at room temperature (27 °C) had the following values for capacitance, electrical conductivity, and dielectric constant ± standard error: 8,286.70 ± 28.49 pF, (3.60 ± 0.01) × 107 S/m, and 1,874.794 ± 6.446, respectively. The YCaBCO-900-eggshell (Y
x
Ca1−x
Ba2Cu3O7) analyzed at 500 Hz at room temperature (27 °C) had high values for capacitance, electrical conductivity, and dielectric constant, namely, 8,540.10 ± 2.00 pF, (1.32 ± 0.00) × 108 S/m, and 1,988.540 ± 0.500, respectively. Furthermore, the YCaBCO-900-eggshell had electrical properties (capacitance, conductivity, and dielectric constant values) higher than those of YCaBCO-900-commercial grade measured under the same conditions. The YCaBCO-900-com grade had capacitance of 8,225.75 ± 0.73 pF, electrical conductivity of (1.40 ± 0.01) × 108 S/m, and dielectric constant of 1,874.59 ± 0.17, respectively. Therefore, eggshell is an alternative dielectric material useful for doping in yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) to form YCaBCO, thus causing an increase in its electrical properties. The obtained superconductor is a candidate that could be applied in many industries.
Validation of the accuracy of geodetic automated measurement system based on GNSS platform for continuous monitoring of surface movements in post-mining areas
Authors: Sokoła-Szewioła Violetta , Siejka Zbigniew
Published: January 2022

The problem involving the monitoring of surface ground movements in post-mining areas is particularly important during the period of mine closures. During or after flooding of a mine, mechanical properties of the rock mass may be impaired, and this may trigger subsidence, surface landslides, uplift, sinkholes or seismic activity. It is, therefore, important to examine and select updating methods and plans for long-term monitoring of post-mining areas to mitigate seismic hazards or surface deformation during and after mine closure. The research assumed the implementation of continuous monitoring of surface movements using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in the area of a closed hard coal mine ‘Kazimierz-Juliusz’, located in Poland. In order to ensure displacement measurement results with the accuracy of several millimetres, the accuracy of multi-GNSS observations carried out in real time as a combination of four global navigation systems, Global Positioning System (GPS), Globalnaja Navigacionnaja Sputnikova Sistema (GLONASS), Galileo and BeiDou, was determined. The article presents the results of empirical research conducted at four reference points. The test observations were made in variants comprising measurements based on: GPS, GPS and GLONASS systems, GPS, GLONASS and Galileo systems, GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou systems. For each adopted solution, daily measurement sessions were performed using the RTK technique. The test results were subjected to accuracy analyses. Based on the obtained results, it was found that GNSS measurements should be carried out with the use of three navigation systems (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo), as an optimal solution for the needs of continuous geodetic monitoring in the area of the study.
Changes in Alcohol Consumption Among a Population Who Underwent Medical Checkups During the First Wave of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Japan: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Kajihara Yusaku
Published: January 2022

Background: Movement restrictions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have inflicted stress and affected drinking behavior. However, limited information is available on the changes in alcohol use among the Japanese population.Method: This retrospective study included 371 subjects aged 20–74 years who underwent medical checkups at Fuyoukai Murakami Hospital before (April 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (April 1, 2020 to May 31, 2020). All data were extracted from medical records. Changes in alcohol consumption and severity were also investigated. A logistic regression model was used to identify the risk factors associated with increased drinking, and seven variables were sequentially introduced into the model—age (≤ 49 years), male sex, prior instructions for alcohol restriction, medication for lifestyle-related diseases (e.g., hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hyperuricemia), depression or insomnia, essential workers, and smoking.Results: The median age was 46 years, and 81.7% subjects were men. In total, 25.1% subjects increased their alcohol intake, and 24.5% subjects reduced their alcohol intake. The rates of excessive alcohol consumption (≥ 60 g ethanol per day) were 15.9% and 16.7% in the pre-COVID-19 period and during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified only age ≤ 49 years as a risk factor for increased drinking (adjusted odds ratio, 2.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.22–3.99; p = 0.009).Conclusion: Approximately one-fourth of the subjects reported increased drinking, although the overall severity remained stable. The importance of alcohol reduction, particularly among young people, should be emphasized.
Cholangiocarcinoma With Sepsis Associated With Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD)
Authors: Arfijanto Muhammad Vitanata , Abhiyoga Bayu
Published: January 2022

Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) can be an alternative palliative treatment in resectable cholangiocarcinoma. One of the most common complications of PTBD is infection, with a prevalence of 3.6 – 67.4% in patients undergoing PTBD procedure, with mortality rate of 0.05-7%. We report a case of a 46-year old male with a history of fever 14 days after undergoing PTBD procedure. Physical examination revealed tachycardia, tachypnea, febris, jaundice, and decreased urine output. Laboratory results revealed hypochromic-microcytic anemia, leukocytosis, decreased renal function, elevated liver enzymes, obstructive icterus, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperkalemia. Blood and gall culture revealed a growth of Eschericia coli. The patient was given fluid resuscitation and antibiotic suitable to microbial sensitivity test, and treatment of acute kidney injury and hyperkalemia, including hemodialysis. The patient’s general condition improved after ten days of care, and was discharged on the twentieth day.  Cholangitis is one of the most infectious complications following PTBD procedure. The prevalence of sepsis in biliary drainage procedures was reported 2.5-2.7%, with enteral bacteria gram-negative bacilli being the most common pathogen found in blood and bile. The administration of prophylactic antibiotics was not proven to decrease prevalence of infection. Bacterial translocation via portal vein due to loss of mucosal integrity in the intestines may contribute to bacteremia following PTBD procedure.