bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What is Musical Meaning? Theorizing Music as Performative Utterance
Authors: Chung Andrew J.
Published: March 2020

In this article, I theorize a new conception of musical meaning, based on J. L. Austin’s theory of performative utterances in his treatiseHow to Do Things with Words. Austin theorizes language meaningpragmatically: he highlights the manifold ways language performs actions and is used to “do things” in praxis. Austin thereby suggests a new theoretic center for language meaning, an implication largely developed by others after his death. This article theorizes an analogous position that locates musical meaning in the use of music “to do things,” which may include performing actions such as reference and disclosure, but also includes, in a theoretically rigorous fashion, a manifold of other semiotic actions performed by music to apply pressure to its contexts of audition. I argue that while many questions have been asked about meanings of particular examples of music, a more fundamental question has not been addressed adequately: what does meaning mean? Studies of musical meaning, I argue, have systematically undertheorized the ways in which music, as interpretable utterance, can create, transform, maintain, and destroy aspects of the world in which it participates. They have largely presumed that the basic units of sense when it comes to questions of musical meaning consist of various messages, indexes, and references encoded into musical sound and signifiers. Instead, I argue that a considerably more robust analytic takes the basic units of sense to be the various acts that music (in being something interpretable) performs or enacts within its social/situational contexts of occurrence. Ultimately, this article exposes and challenges a deep-seated Western bias towards equating meaning with forms of reference, representation, and disclosure. Through the “performative” theory of musical utterance as efficacious action, it proposes a unified theory of musical meaning that eliminates the gap between musical reference, on the one hand, and musical effects, on the other. It offers a way to understand musical meaning in ways that are deeply contextual (both socially and structurally): imbricated with the human practices that not only produce music but are produced by it in the face of its communicative capacities. I build theoretically with the help of various examples drawn largely from tonal repertoires, and I follow with lengthier analytical vignettes focused on experimental twentieth and twenty-first century works.
Harmony in Elliott Carter’s Late Music
Authors: Link John
Published: March 2020

From around 1995 until his death in 2012, Elliott Carter retooled his harmonic practice in order to make his composing both more efficient and more flexible. That the two all-interval tetrachords (AITs) and the all-trichord hexachord (ATH) were Carter’s primary harmonic focus in these years is well known. But, as many analysts have discovered, the rich and varied harmonic relationships that strike so many listeners in this body of work are not always easy to relate to these three “core harmonies.” In this paper, I propose a way of doing so via a secondary category—“derived core harmonies”—formed by aggregating the three core harmonies with and without common tones. The result is a compact yet comprehensive harmonic vocabulary of five-, six-, seven-, and eight-element set classes that readily accounts for passages in Carter’s late music in which the core harmonies are not easily inferable, and integrates seamlessly with the work of other authors, including Jonathan Bernard, Marguerite Boland, Guy Capuzzo, Adrian P. Childs, Laura Emmery, David I. H. Harvey, J. Daniel Jenkins, Tiina Koivisto, Joshua B. Mailman, Andrew W. Mead, and John Roeder. Classifying Carter’s harmonies as “core,” “derived core,” and “non-core” provides a means of distinguishing between referential and non-referential harmonies, and thus a basis for identifying harmonic tension, ambiguity, and the expectation of return. It also facilitates multi-layered harmonic analyses of Carter’s late compositions, transpiring across multiple time scales.
Analyzing Modular Smoothness in Video Game Music
Authors: Medina-Gray Elizabeth
Published: March 2020

This article provides a detailed method for analyzing smoothness in the seams between musical modules in video games. Video game music is comprised of distinct modules that are triggered during gameplay to yield the real-time soundtracks that accompany players’ diverse experiences with a given game. Smoothness—a quality in which two convergent musical modules fit well together—as well as the opposite quality, disjunction, are integral products of modularity, and each quality can significantly contribute to a game. This article first highlights some modular music structures that are common in video games, and outlines the importance of smoothness and disjunction in video game music. Drawing from sources in the music theory, music perception, and video game music literature (including both scholarship and practical composition guides), this article then introduces a method for analyzing smoothness at modular seams through a particular focus on the musical aspects of meter, timbre, pitch, volume, and abruptness. The method allows for a comprehensive examination of smoothness in both sequential and simultaneous situations, and it includes a probabilistic approach so that an analyst can treat all of the many possible seams that might arise from a single modular system. Select analytical examples from The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker and Portal 2 provide a sampling of the various interpretive gains available through this method.
Beyond Mere Novelty: Timbre as Primary Structural Marker in Ravel’sPiano Concerto in G Major
Authors: Beavers Jennifer P.
Published: March 2020

Ravel’sConcerto in G Majorreveals a new priority for timbre, long an integral part of his compositional toolkit, in which timbre functions as a form-bearing accent that marks and transforms themes. Through his unconventional treatment of symphonic instruments and the piano within reinvented concepts of theme, key, and form, I argue that these “novel” sonorities are not just there for surface reasons, but rather there to serve an integral role within the narrative of the concerto form. In the timbrally markedConcerto in G Major, the concerto medium is turned on its side as we attempt to understand the members of the orchestra as ensemble and co-soloists within changing auditory scenes. With the prominent place given to piccolo and harp—and, more profoundly, the “mistuned,” unusual timbres often issuing from the piano—we wonder: Who is the soloist Ravel is highlighting in this concerto?
Challenging Some Misconceptions about theRègle de l’octave
Authors: Nicolas Patrice
Published: March 2020

In this paper, I use Rameau’s contradictions as a basis for my defense of the règle de l’octave. I also challenge certain misconceptions about the règle in current scholarly literature, notably its alleged harmonic incompleteness and stepwise motion requirement, while asserting some of its rarely discussed uses and properties.
The Results of Research to Determine the Parameters of Hardening Working Area of the Gin and Linter Grates
Authors: Agzamov Mirsolikh , Bakhtiyarovich Rakhmatov Mashkhur , Agzamov Mirkhosil Mirsalikhovich
Published: March 2020

The article provides substantiation of the choice of the quenching parameters for the working zone of gin and linter grates and the quenching parameters. The results of bench and industrial tests of the grate with a hardened working zone are also given.
Revisiting the digital noise reduction in automatic contouring of “ice-water” objects
Authors: Zvyagin K. N. , Maltsev D. D.
Published: March 2020

This work describes the practical implementation of the method for digital noise suppression during processing images containing ice information to recognize automatically the contours of «ice-water» objects during aerial photography. Images containing ice information have special characteristic structural features related to noise, e.g.

granularity, glare, ice crumbs. This makes difficult or even impossible to recognize automatically the contours of ice-water objects. It is known that the success of the application of edge recognition methods depends on how much image noise is reduced. The paper discusses the construction method for the management of noise. The method is based on the sequential application of the Haar wavelet transform denoising using thresholding, clustering by k-means method. For the subsequent automatic construction of ice floes contours the Sobel operator is applied.

The aim of the work is to develop a method capable to process digital images effectively that contain ice information with strong digital noise. In this work we treated the images of one-year ice containing strong digital image noise in the form of granularity and in the form of ice crumbs. A description of the features of each of the steps of the proposed method and practical application is given.

As a result, the method was developed for processing images of ice information containing digital noise in absolute value commensurate with the basic data. It was noted that the use of the k-means method expands the scope. The k-rare method allows more detailed processing of ice information and distinguishes not only the contours of ice-water objects, but also the contours of ice crumbs.

The conclusion formulates the main advantages of the method and the possible application of the algorithm in the process of local exploration of the ice conditions of the Northern Sea Route channel using unmanned aerial vehicle for aerial photography. The usage of unmanned aerial vehicle for aerial photography will increase the frequency of weather forecast updates and predict the appearance of ice objects at the ship’s heading. That will allow us to select the safest and most economical efficient route along the Northern Sea Route.

The authors have no competing interests.
Analysis of the effects of auroral substorms on the data of ionosphere vertical sounding in the Arctic
Authors: Egorova L. V.
Published: March 2020

The problem of diagnosing and predicting the characteristics of the polar ionosphere can be investigated by studying the effect of magnetospheric disturbances on the high-latitude ionosphere. Our task is to investigate the dependence of the variations in the electron concentration F of the ionosphere region at the subauroral stations of vertical sounding (VS) Sodankyla, Lovozero and Gorkovskaya on variations in the geomagnetic field. The data of AE and PC of geomagnetic indices were used during substorms in the winter of 2011–2012. For analysis, the epoch overlapping method was used. As a result, it was shown that the perturbation in the electromagnetic field is accompanied by a subsequent amplification of variations during the critical frequencies fоF2, and hence the electron concentration, auroral and subauroral ionosphere.

We conclude that the geomagnetic indices AE and PC can serve as predictors of disturbances during the ionospheric parameter fоF2 of the high-latitude ionosphere in the winter season.

An increase in the amplitude level of AE from 100 to 350 nT (and PC > 2) during the night hours of the winter season precedes an increase in the critical frequencies of the ionosphere F2 layer by an average of 30% of the median. An increase in the amplitude level of AE from 180 to 520 nT (and PC> 2) in the winter season in the afternoon precedes the positive or negative deviation of the critical frequencies of the ionosphere F2 layer from the median by a mean of 10%. The response of the high-latitude ionosphere of the F2 layer to variations in the AE and PC indices appears in the first hour after the maximum during geomagnetic indices, the delay of the maximum deviation from the median 1 hour at night and 3 hours in the afternoon at Lovozero station, at Sodankyla and Gorkovskaya is about 3 hours at night and weakly expressed during the day.

I declare I have no competing interests.
Variations of methane in the Antarctic atmosphere in 2009–2017 by ground-based and satellite data
Authors: Ustinov V. P. , Baranova E. L. , Visheratin K. N. , Grachev M. I. , Kalsin A. V.
Published: March 2020

The article presents the results of systematic measurements (2009−2017) of the total column abundances of methane (TC_CH4 ) and the column-averaged concentration (X_CH4 ) at the Antarctic station Novolazarevskaya. Solar radiation is recorded in the range 2990 – 3006 cm–1 using a diffraction spectrometer with 0.2 cm–1 resolution. The inverse task CH4 total column determining is achieved using the SFIT4 v0.9.4.4 code. The analysis shows that during the measurement period the average TC_CH4 was (3.4±0.8).1019 molecules/cm2 during the measurement period, and the average X_CH4 is (1663±34) ppbv. TC_CH4 trend is (4.5±2.2).1015 molecules/cm2 /month, and X_CH4 trend is (0.28 ± 0.11) ppbv/month. The average TC_CH4 values and trend at Novolazarevskaya are in good agreement with the measurements by the Brucker120HR instrument at the Arrival Heights station. Seasonal variations of atmospheric methane have the maximum in October–November and the minimum in May–July. The trends of surface methane concentrations at Sywa, the Halley station and the Amundsen-Scott South Pole station are 0.59 – 0.61 ppbv/month and exceed the trend of the column-averaged concentration at Novolazarevskaya and AIRS trends for the troposphere (0.24 – 0.32) ppbv/month, due to a decrease in the maximal values of TC_CH4 in the period after 2014. The closest agreement of X_CH4 variations at Novolazarevskaya with AIRS data is observed at the levels of 150–200 hPa. Significant semiannual harmonics varied with height are characteristic of CH4 variations according to the AIRS data. The interference of annual and semiannual harmonics leads to the appearance of two maxima in the seasonal variations of methane with relative position to each other varies with height. The statistical model is developed for all the series considered. It approximates the trend, annual and semi-annual components of CH4 oscillations.

The authors have no competing interests.
Risk Management in Preclinical Trials as Part of an Overall Integrated Quality Management System
Authors: Zaytseva M. A. , Ivanov M. B. , Verveda A. B. , Lyanginen L. V.
Published: March 2020

The implementation of a complex risk-oriented approach at all stages of drug development, including the preclinical research stage, is essential for ensuring drug safety, quality and effi cacy. The aim of the study was to justify the beneﬁts of introducing risk management into the integrated quality management system at the preclinical trial stage. The optimal approach to implementing risk management system at the preclinical stage is an overall process approach based on the international standard ISO 31000:2009 Risk management—Principles and guidelines. This approach as applied to a preclinical research centre includes a three-tier risk management system at the level of operational process subsystems, the level of the testing centre’s departments, and the level of an individual preclinical study. The common components of the subsystems may include concepts, organisational structure, information exchange system, documentation structure, etc. The process of risk management as applied to the subsystems includes risk identiﬁcation, analysis, assessment, and response to the risk. The response to the risk is an iterative process that includes selection of response options, response planning, and implementation of response activities from control procedures to corrective and preventive actions. The integration of the preclinical risk management system into the organisation’s overall management system, which includes the occupational health and safety management system and the quality management system, will enhance the capabilities of the individual systems to achieve a high quality level of research, preserve the staﬀ ’s professional health, make informed management decisions within the organisation, increase preparedness for external audits, and gain competitive advantages.
Monitoring Drug Safety Information - Recommendations of Foreign Regulatory Authorities
Authors: Editorial Artiсle
Published: March 2020

Analysis of administrative decisions of foreign regulatory authorities on the recoil of medicines and/or the need for changes in the instructions for their medical use due to changes in the safety proﬁ le, conducted by experts of the Scientiﬁ c Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products revealed 16 administrative decisions. These decisions contained information on the following medicines registered in Russia: norepinephrine, xylometazoline, mometason, liraglutide recombinant, exenatide, insulin recombinant human, insulin degludec, teriparatide, progesterone, gestodene, desogestrel, dienogest, drospirenone, norgestrel, lynestrenol, levonorgestrel, medroxyprogesterone, mestranol, nomegestrol, norethisterone, norgestimate, chlormadinone, cyproterone, estradiol, ethinylestradiol, etonogestrel, ethinylestradiol, ﬁ nasteride, abiraterone, thiamazole, omega-3-acid ethyl esters, pitavastatin.
Peranan Perusahaan Mebel Kayu terhadap Pembangunan Ekonomi Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Sjahrain Usman Musa
Published: March 2020

Pembangunan ekonomi diartikan sebagai serangkaian usaha dalam suatu perekonomian untuk mengembangkan kegiatan ekonominya sehingga infrastruktur lebih banyak tersedia, perusahaan semakin banyak dan semakin berkembang, taraf pendidikan semakin tinggi dan teknologi semakin meningkat. Sebagai implikasi dari perkembangan ini diharapkan kesempatan kerja semakin bertambah, tingkat pendapatan meningkat,dan kemakmuran masyarakat manjadi semakain meningkat.Salah satu kegiatan perusahaan yang sudah lama dikembangkan oleh pengusaha kecil di desa Luwoo yaitu perusahaan.mebel kayu, Tetapi dalam pengamatan tingkat kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat desa Luwoo, belum seperti yang diharapkan sebagai desa dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat yang lebih meningkat, tetapi pada kenyataannya masih banyak dijumpai masyarakat tingkat pengangguran dan pendapatannya rendah. Upaya untuk membangun masyarakat desa yaitu dengan menumbuh- kembangkan kegiatan-kegiatan usaha kecil pedesaan agar dapat mengatasi terjadi arus urbanisasi ke perkotaan karena masyarakat desa ingin mencari lapangan kerja dan sumber pendapatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan mebel kayu di desa Luwoo dilakukan untuk mengerjakan berbagai macam produksi, dengan menggunakan tenaga kerja tetap dan tidak tetap. Pendapatan rata-rata berkisar Rp. 10.000,- sampai dengan Rp..30.000,- per hari. Dengan dilakukan uji keberartian kontingensi dan korelasi ganda menyatakan bahwa perusahaan mebel kayu yang menggunakan modal, teknologi dan bahan baku secara bersama-sama (simultan) berperan sangat signifikan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi khususnya pendapatan. Secara terpisah dilakukan uji keberartian kontingensi parsial ternyata modal yang digunakan perusahaan mebel kayu berperan sangat signifikan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi khusus pendapatan. Teknologi yang digunakan perusahaan mebel kayu berperan sangat tidak signifikan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi khusus pendapatan dan bahan baku yang digunakan perusahaan mebel kayu berperan sangat signifikan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi khusus pendapatan.
Clinical and genetic features of the formation of concomitant visceral pathology in workers with industrial fluorosis
Authors: Yadykina T. K. , Mikhailova N. N. , Panev N. I. , Кorotenko O. Yu. , Zhukova A. G. , Semenova E. A.
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The urgency of the problem determines the high level of occupational morbidity in aluminum production workers and the prevalence of somatic pathology, which occupies one of the leading positions in the pathogenesis of fluorosis.

The aim of the study is to determine the clinical and genetic features of the nature of concomitant visceral pathology in workers with industrial fluorosis.

Materials and methods. A complex of clinical, biochemical, molecular, genetic, and instrumental research methods was used in patients with fluorosis (246 people) and in the control group (106 people).

Results. A high frequency of health disorders in workers engaged in the production of aluminum was determined during long-term monitoring. An extended clinical and genetic study of the state of somatic organs in workers with fluorosis and in control is presented. It is revealed that in the group of subjects with proven diagnosis, pathologies concomitant with the main disease were significantly more common: pathologies of musculoskeletal and articular systems, blood circulation, respiratory (rhinitis, chronic, toxic and dust-borne bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), hepatobiliary (steatosis, fluoride hepatopathy), gastrointestinal tract (chronic gastritis, cholecystopancreatitis), renal systems (pyelonephritis, urolithiasis), as well as a combination of several nosologies was in 43%. The association of GG VEGF genotypes with chronic pyelonephritis and TT Il1ß, GSTT 1 0/0 with fluoride hepatosis was revealed in patients with fluorosis.

Conclusions. The structure of occupational morbidity in workers of the main professions of aluminum production is dominated by concomitant pathology of functional systems against the background of bone destruction, determined by endogenous factors of the course of metabolic processes of the body.

The authors declare no conflict of interests.
Comparative assessment of morphological mechanisms of maintaining structural liver homeostasis in the dynamics of exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride on the body
Authors: Bugaeva M. S. , Bondarev O. I. , Mikhailova N. N. , Gorokhova L. G.
Published: March 2020

Introduction.The impact on the body of such factors of the production environment as coal-rock dust and fluorine compounds leads to certain shift s in strict indicators of homeostasis at the system level. Maintaining the relative constancy of the internal environment of the body is provided by the functional consistency of all organs and systems, the leading of which is the liver. Organ repair plays a crucial role in restoring the structure of genetic material and maintaining normal cell viability. When this mechanism is damaged, the compensatory capabilities of the organ are disrupted, homeostasis is disrupted at the cellular and organizational levels, and the development of the main pathological processes is noted.

The aim of the studyis to compare the morphological mechanisms of maintaining structural homeostasis of the liver in the dynamics of the impact on the body of coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride.

Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on adult white male laboratory rats. Features of morphological mechanisms for maintaining structural homeostasis of the liver in the dynamics of exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride were studied on experimental models of pneumoconiosis and fluoride intoxication. For histological examination in experimental animals, liver sampling was performed after 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks of the experiment.

Results. The specificity of morphological changes in the liver depending on the harmful production factor was revealed. It is shown that chronic exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride is characterized by the development of similar morphological changes in the liver and its vessels from the predominance of the initial compensatory-adaptive to pronounced violations of the stromal and parenchymal components. Long-term inhalation of coal-rock dust at 1–3 weeks of seeding triggers adaptive mechanisms in the liver in the form of increased functional activity of cells, formation of double-core hepatocytes, activation of immunocompetent cells and endotheliocytes, ensuring the preservation of the parenchyma and the general morphostructure of the organ until the 12th week of the experiment. Exposure to sodium fluoride leads to early disruption of liver compensatory mechanisms and the development of dystrophic changes in the parenchyma with the formation of necrosis foci as early as the 6th week of the experiment.

Conclusions. The study of mechanisms for compensating the liver structure in conditions of long-term exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride, as well as processes that indicate their failure, and the timing of their occurrence, is of theoretical and practical importance for developing recommendations for the timely prevention and correction of pathological conditions developing in employees of the aluminum and coal industry.

The authors declare no conflict of interests.
Effect of radon therapy on epithelial cells of the respiratory tract mucosa in patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kuzmenko O. V. , Filimonov S. N. , Gordeeva R. V. , Kireeva L. N. , Martynova E. A.
Published: March 2020

The influence of natural radon waters on the state of the respiratory tract mucosal cells in patients working in the coal and metallurgical industries with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was studied. The positive effect of common radon baths on the restoration of cytological changes in the respiratory mucosa was revealed.

Indicators of local immunity of the respiratory tract mucosa in patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the background of the use of general radon baths.

The aim of the study is to explore the effect of natural radon water in the form of shared baths on epithelial cells of the respiratory mucosa in patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on the analysis of cytological changes in the respiratory mucosa. Patients of the main group with professional chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were given general radon baths from a natural source in sanatorium conditions. Patients in the control group had shared freshwater baths. All patients before and after treatment studies were conducted cytologic changes in the smears from the mucous membrane of the nose and phlegm. The use of common radon baths in the main group revealed a pronounced corrective effect on the function of cellular protection of the respiratory mucosa, which was expressed in a significant decrease in destructive processes in cells of all types with an increase in their functional activity, normalization of mucociliary clearance. There were no significant changes in indicators in the control group.

The use of common radon baths at the stage of rehabilitation in workers of the coal and metallurgical industry with professional chronic obstructive pulmonary disease leads to the restoration of the integrity of the cellular composition of the epithelial cover of the respiratory tract mucosa, preserves the functional activity of cells of local protection factors.

The authors declare no conflict of interests.
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) for Facemask Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: McNally Dayre , O'Hearn Katie , Sampson Margaret , Sikora Lindsey
Published: March 2020

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a shortage of PPR (namely surgical masks, N95 masks, and gowns) has been experienced by some hospitals and could be expected in others due to a rapid increase need. One method of addressing the issue of PPE shortage is to decontaminate and re-use PPE. There are anecdotal reports and published literature evaluating the potential of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) as effective method for PPE decontamination, without negatively impacting function. To date this literature has not been comprehensively synthesized and the purpose of this review is to systematically review the existing literature on UVGI for facemask PPE. This information will be used to develop a decontamination protocol for the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario and shared with other hospitals in Ontario, Canada, and internationally.
The MAX dimerization protein MXD1 is differentially expressed and transcriptionally induced in multiple models of coronavirus infection.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2020

The coronavirus COVID19 pandemic is an emerging biosafety threat to the nation and the world (1). There are no treatments approved for coronavirus infection in humans (2) and there is a lack of information available regarding the basic transcriptional behavior of human cells and mammalian tissues following coronavirus infection. We mined independent public (3) and published (4, 5) datasets, containing transcriptome data from infection models of the human coronavirus 229E, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and Middle East (MERS) coronavirus to discover genes that are differentially expressed in coronaviruses and identify potential therapeutic targets and host cell vulnerabilities. We identified MXD1 as differentially expressed genes following coronavirus infection in vivo and in vitro, conserved across HCoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV. MXD1 may be involved in the cellular response to COVID19 infection.
Perangkat Keras Komputer
Authors: Ikhwan Ananda Nurul
Published: March 2020

Perangkat keras merupakan perangkat yang dapat dilihat dan disentuh secara langsung oleh manusia, Perangkat keras komputer adalah semua bagian fisik komputer, dibedakan dengan data yang berada di dalamnya atau yang beroperasi di dalamny sedangkan perangkat lunak merupakan perangkat yang dapat dilihat namun tidak dapat disentuh secara langsung oleh manusia, perangkat lunak yang menyediakan instruksi buat perangkat keras untuk menyelesaikan tugasnya.
ANALISIS RANCANGAN KERJA UNTUK MENGURANGI KELELAHAN OTOT MENGGUNAKAN METODE REBA PADA INDUSTRI PERCETAKAN
Authors: Casym Jeremy Eka Surya , Oktiara Dhini Nur
Published: March 2020

Karyawan di industri percetakan dan periklanan PT. Ekta Imaging Digital Lab pada bagian pemotongan sticker yang bekerja dengan posisi membungkuk dan berjongkok mengeluh mengalami nyeri pada bagian tubuh bagian atas dan bagian bawah. Akan adanya kenyamanan yang tercipta dalam bekerj, apabila pekerja telah melakukan postur kerja yang baik dan aman. Postur kerja yang baik sangat ditentukan oleh pergerakan organ tubuh saat bekerja. Dalam penelitian ini, merancang postur kerja pada pekerja bagian pemotongan sticker dengan metode Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA) untuk mengurangi resiko kelelahan. Melakukan pengumpulan data, merancang meja dan kursi usulan, serta menghitung level resiko dan REBA untuk posisi pekerja.
Tugas hukum tata negara
Authors: Manggala Okta Wisnu
Published: March 2020

Hukum tata negara adalah cabang hukum yang mengatur tentang norma dan prinsip hukum yang tertulis dalam praktek kenegaraan. Hukum tata negara mengatur hal-hal berhubungan kenegaraan seperti bentuk-bentuk dan susunan negara, tugas-tugas negara, perlengkapan negara, serta hubungan alat perlengkapan negara tersebut. Fungsi Hukum Tata NegaraHukumTata Negara sebagai alat ketertiban dan keteraturan masyarakatHukum Tata Negara sebagai sarana untuk mewujudkan keadilan sosial lahir batinHukum Tata Negara sebagai sarana penggerak pembangunanFungsi kritis dari hukum tata Negara adalah daya kerja hukum tidak semata-mata melakukan pengawasan pada aparatur penegak hukum termasuk yang ada di dalamnya
Trilogi Dimensi Filsafat dalam Pengembangan Pendidikan Islam
Authors: ZA Tabrani
Published: March 2020

Pendidikan menyandang misi keseluruhan aspek kebutuhan hidup dan berproses sejalan dengan dinamika hidup serta perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi. Sebagai akibat logisnya maka pendidikan senantiasa mengandung pemikiran dan kajian, baik secara konseptual maupun secara operasional, sehingga diperoleh relevan dan kemampuan menjawab tantangan serta memecahkan masalah-masalah yang dihadapi oleh umat manusia. Filsafat pendidikan Islam pada hakikatnya adalah konsep berpikir tentang kependidikan yang bersumber atau berlandaskan atas ajaran-ajaran agama Islam. Filsafat pendidikan Islam adalah pembahasan tentang hakikat kemampuan Muslim untuk dapat dibina, dikembangkan, dan dibimbing, sehingga menjadi manusia yang seluruh pribadinya dijiwai oleh ajaran Islam. Filsafat mengajukan pertanyaan dan menyelidiki realita dan pengalaman yang banyak terdapat dalam pendidikan. Filsafat dan pendidikan mempunyai hubungan yang erat satu sama lain, karena problema-problema tersebut berada dalam lingkungan dua disiplin ini. Pendidikan dalam pengembangan konsep-konsepnya antara lain menggunakan dasardasar dari kedua konsep tersebut yaitu filsafat dan pendidikan.
Kedudukan,hak,dan kewajiban pegawai negeri
Authors: putri elfina yuliati
Published: March 2020

Pegawai memiliki kedudukan dan peran yang sangat penting dalam penyelenggaraan fungsi pemerintahan. Arti penting dari pegawai sebagai sarana pemerintahan oleh Utrecht dikaitkan dengan pengisian jabatan pemerintahan, yang diisi oleh Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Kedudukan Pegawai Negeri Sipil mempunyai peran penting dalam menyelenggarakan fungsi pemerintahan di suatu Negara dalam rangka mencapai tujuan nasional atau dengan kata lain dalam rangka usaha untuk mencapai tujuan nasional, diperlukan adanya Pegawai Negeri Sipil sebagai unsur Aparatur Negara, Abdi Negara, dan Abdi masyarakat yang penuh kesetian dan ketaatan kepada Pancasila, Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Negara, dan Pemerintah serta bersatu padu, dan sadar akan tanggung jawabnya untuk menyelengarakan tugas pemerintahan dan pembangunan.
Kelas Daring Islamisasi Teknologi
Authors: Saputra Andika
Published: March 2020

Materi ini disampaikan pada Kelas Daring Islamisasi Teknologi yang diselenggarakan oleh SEES Institute pada tanggal 21-25 Maret 2020.
SNIFFING JARINGAN MENGGUNAKAN WIRESHARK
Authors: Mahmud Putri Tsania
Published: March 2020

Menurut Committee on National Security Systems (sebuah departemen di negara Amerika yang bertanggung jawab terhadap sistem keamanan dunia maya), information security atau keamanan sistem informasi adalah perlindungan informasi dan elemen elemennya termasuk sistem dan perangkat kerasnya. Saat ini permasalahan keamanan informasi menjadi penting, khususnya proses penyadapan sistem informasi (Sniffing) pada jaringan komputer menjadi semakin biasa dilakukan, baik untuk kegunaan yang bersifat positif maupun yang bersifat sebaliknya. Dalam proses sniffing dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak wireshark. Software wireshark melakukan proses capturing data pada interface wireless, lalu mengamati hasil capture-an yang berisikan data POST yang berisi username dan password pada HTTP. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan bahwa dengan menggunakan wireshark dapat melakukan penyadapan data yang dilakukan pada jaringan komputer, hal ini mengakibatkan hilangnya salah satu sifat keamanan yaitu privacy dan confidentiality.
IL6 and IL1RN is differentially expressed and transcriptionally induced in models of SARS coronavirus infection.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2020

The coronavirus COVID19 pandemic is an emerging biosafety threat to the nation and the world (1). There are no treatments approved for coronavirus infection in humans (2) and there is a lack of information available regarding the basic transcriptional behavior of human cells and mammalian tissues following coronavirus infection. We mined independent published (3-5) and public (6) datasets, containing transcriptome data from infection models of the human coronavirus 229E and of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus to discover genes that are differentially expressed in coronaviruses and identify potential therapeutic targets and host cell vulnerabilities. We identified IL6 and IL1RN as conserved differentially expressed genes following coronavirus infection. IL6 and IL1RN may be involved in the cellular response to COVID19 infection.
Drug design of anti-covid19 agents
Authors: Tabaee Damavandi Pardis
Published: March 2020

The first step to drug development that precedes formulation is drug design. In this commentary the specific design of antiviral agents for Covid19 and future viruses, which can be achieved with different strategies, is highlighted. An extended release type of formulation would be ideal for site-specific antivirals however early in vitro or toxicology screening is very important. A lot of preparations are already available to be exploited. Conversely, some are available for pediatric use, i.e lung surfactants, which understandably the supply of is aimed at premature children. New lung surfactant design for adults could however be also incentivised which may help re-establishing autonomous respiration (autonomically mediated) post-covid19 infection of the individual. The surfactants could also help counteract dyspnea which is sometimes a known side effect of antiviral agents.
Algoritma, Tipe Data dan Struktur Data
Authors: Nanda Dea Rizkita
Published: March 2020

Algoritma, Tipe Data dan Struktur Data
Treatment for Virulent diseases
Authors: Ankem Lokesh Kumar
Published: March 2020

It is based on the treatment for virulent diseases . It is based on the developing of vaccine for the Virulent diseases.
Holographic volume and the entanglement vacuum
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: March 2020

Holographic volume and the entanglement vacuum
Short Review for Flower colour preference of Aporia bieti (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in Xiama Forest Farm, Gansu, China
Authors: JIMIN HAN , songsen
Published: March 2020

We investigated the foraging preferences of the butterfly Aporia bieti and the relationship between plant and pollinator morphology from a co-evolutionary perspective. The results indicated that the butterfly show distinct preferences for the flower color, whereas no preference for the flower size; in addition, the analysis showed that these butterflies exhibited a preference for yellow flowers both when just visual and when visual and olfactory cues were available. We also discovered that the length of the nectaries of the most frequently visited flowers corresponded to the one of the bimodal peaks in mouthpart length of the butterfly thus providing evidence supporting a co-evolutionary relationship. This time we also cast a cubic model to help us evident more insects flower color preference in the future.
Potential influences of COVID-19/ACE2 on female reproductive system
Authors: Yan Jing , Li Run-Qian , Wang Hao-Ran , Chen Hao-Ran , Liu Ya-Bin , Gao Yang , Chen Fei
Published: March 2020

COVID-19 is an emerging acute communicable disease identified in patients with pneumonia in December 2019, which is declared as a pandemic in 11th March 2020 by World Health Organization. COVID-19 entries into target host cells by binding to ACE2(Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) and modulates the expression of ACE2 in host cells. ACE2 is widely expressed in human tissues and considered as a pivotal component of RAS(renin-angiotensin system), exerts its physiological functions by modulating the levels of Ang II and Ang-(1-7). In this review, we focus on the distribution and functions of ACE2, thereby forecasting the possible infective targets and potential transmission pathways as well as the influence on female reproductive system. AUTHOR'S NOTE: This article has been accepted for publication in Molecular Human Reproduction Published by Oxford University Press. The Version of Record can be freely accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gaaa030.The link of MHR is the carefully revised and better version for quote.
Learners sacrifice robust communication as a result of a social bias
Authors: Fedzechkina Masha , Roberts Gareth
Published: March 2020

Languages are subject to many competing pressures, which originate in individual-level learning and communication biases and in social biases reflecting community-level dynamics. Recent work has shown that certain aspects of language structure, such as the cross-linguistic trade-off between case and constituent-order flexibility, originate in learners' biases for efficient communication: Learners drop redundant case but retain informative case in production. Social biases can lead to retention of redundant case, resulting in systems that require more effort to produce. It is not clear, however, whether social biases can influence the use of informative cues. We tested this by exposing participants to a language with uninformative constituent order and two dialects, only one of which employed case. We manipulated the presence of social biases for and against the case dialect. Learners biased towards the no-case dialect dropped informative case without compensating for the resulting message uncertainty. Case was retained in all other conditions.
Materi Struktur Data & Struktur Program Turbo Pascal
Authors: Rahayu Erna Cucu
Published: March 2020

Materi Struktur Data & Struktur Program Turbo Pascal
Bagaimana perkembangan hukum tata negara sebagai ilmu hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Akoadri Muhamad
Published: March 2020

Bagaimana perkembangan hukum tata negara sebagai ilmu hukum di Indonesia
Program Turbo Pascal
Authors: Rahayu Erna Cucu
Published: March 2020

Program Turbo Pascal
Emerging infectious outbreak inhibits pain empathy mediated prosocial behaviour
Authors: Cao Siqi , Qi Yanyan , Huang Qi , Wang Yuanchen , Han Xinchen , Liu Xun , Wu Haiyan
Published: March 2020

In response to the coronavirus outbreak, people may experience anxiety, empathy, and prosocial willingness. However, the relationship between emotions, empathy, and prosocial behaviour is unknown. It is said that empathy is affected by moods and influences pro-sociality. Thus, how does an emergency change people’s empathy and prosocial willingness? We conducted a study with 1,190 participants before (N=520) and after (N=570) the coronavirus outbreak. We found that prosocial willingness decreased post-outbreak, maybe by the decreased empathy levels, in accordance with compassion fatigue theory. Trait empathy could affect prosocial willingness indirectly through the empathy level. News discriminability and distance from the outbreak epicentre played a role in the trait empathy change. Given how emergency health events influence emotion and the effects of personal traits on prosocial willingness, social media users and providers should understand the negative effects of information over-exposure on mental health during the outbreak.
Adaptive and Dark Personality Traits in the Covid-19 Pandemic: Predicting Health-behavior Endorsement and the Appeal of Public-health Messages
Authors: Blagov Pavel S.
Published: March 2020

Who embraces directions to socially distance, boost hygiene, and protect others during a pandemic of contagious respiratory disease? Do differently phrased public-health messages appeal to different people? I based predictions on the five-factor, triarchic psychopathy, and Dark Triad models of normal-range and dark traits; the extended parallel process model (EPPM); and schema-congruence theory. In a survey of 502 online participants, normal-range traits (esp. agreeableness and conscientiousness) predicted endorsement of social distancing and hygiene, as well as the appeal of health messages in general. Consistent with the EPPM, conscientiousness and neuroticism had an interaction. Dark traits (esp. psychopathy, meanness, and disinhibition) predicted low endorsement of health behaviors and the intent to knowingly expose others to risk. Most participants preferred a message appealing to compassion (“Help protect the vulnerable...”), but dark traits predicted lower appeal of that message. Personality appears relevant to epidemiology and public-health communication in a contagious-disease context.
Instrumental behavior in humans is sensitive to the correlation between response rate and reward rate
Authors: Perez Omar David
Published: March 2020

Recent theories of instrumental conditioning postulate that the correlation between responses and outcome rates is a critical factor in instrumental free-operant performance and goal-directed control. However, it is still not clear whether human performance can be sensitive to such variable. Using a novel within-subject design, participants were trained under ratio and interval contingencies of reinforcement matching both outcome probability and outcome rates. The impact of rate correlation on performance was evident in the higher performance observed under ratio contingencies for both types of matching. Moreover, there was no difference in performance between two classes of interval schedules with similar correlational properties but different reward probabilities. The result discussed in terms of a recent dual-system model of instrumental behavior.
Effects of Deafness and Sign Language Experience on the Human Brain: Voxel-based and Surface-based Morphometry
Authors: McCullough Stephen , Emmorey Karen
Published: March 2020

We investigated, using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), how deafness and sign language experience affect the anatomical structures of the human brain by comparing gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) structures across congenitally deaf native signers, hearing native signers, and hearing sign-naïve controls (n = 90). We also compared the same groups on cortical thickness, surface area, and local gyrification using surface-based morphometry (SBM). Both VBM and SBM results revealed deafness-related changes in visual cortices and right frontal lobe. The GM in the auditory cortices did not appear to be affected by deafness; however, there was a significant WM reduction in left Heschl's gyrus for deaf signers only. The SBM comparisons revealed changes associated with lifelong signing experience: expansions in the surface area within left anterior temporal and left occipital lobes, and a reduction in cortical thickness in the right occipital lobe for deaf and hearing signers. Structural changes within these brain regions may be related to adaptations in the neural networks involved in processing signed language (i.e., visual perception of face and body movements). Hearing native signers also had unique neuroanatomical changes (e.g., reduced gyrification in premotor areas), perhaps due to lifelong experience with both a spoken and a signed language.
Habitat Selection Theory and the Preference for Flowers – Is There Empirical Support?
Authors: Hůla Martin , Flegr Jaroslav
Published: March 2020

### THE FINAL VERSION OF THE PAPER WAS PUBLISHED IN EVOLUTIONARY HUMAN SCIENCES AND IS FREELY AVAILABLE HERE: https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2020.66 #### Although the aesthetic appreciation of flowers is a well-known aspect of human behavior, theories explaining its origin are missing. An exception is the evolutionary theory of Heerwagen and Orians, who suggest that humans emotionally respond to flowers because they signal food availability. However, fruits are stronger and more direct signals of food availability than flowers, therefore fruits should elicit stronger emotional responses than flowers. To test the theory, we performed two online studies in Czechia. The participants (n = 3354 and 744 respectively) indicated on a six-point scale their preferences for the photographs of 14 edible Czech plant species (study A) and 20 edible plant species from African savannas (study B), varying in their growth stage (flowering, fruiting). Paired t-tests found no preference for Czech fruiting plants and a strong preference for African flowering plants (p<0.0001, Cohen’s d = 1.24). Our results show that the theory deserves renewed attention.