bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of non-standard employment as a factor of average per capita income
Authors: Atabayeva A.K. , Pritvorova T.P. , Simonov S.G.
Published: August 2021

Object: Purpose of this paper is to identify and assess the impact of non-standard employment on the income of the population in Kazakhstan.Methods: For this study, we used methods of statistical multiple correlation and regression analysis based on the software package “Data Analysis” offered by MS Excel. We used data from the official website of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the RK at stat.gov.kz.Findings: We have performed a preliminary selection of statistical indicators and determined a group of factors (and corresponding indicators) that hypothetically affect the population income for the period of 2004–2018. We have highlighted a total of twelve factors significantly affecting the income and grouped them into four groups: employment and income indicators, demographic and social indicators. Based on the selection of the most significant factors, we have constructed a regression equation that demonstrates the degree of influence on the resulting income indicator. Subsequently, we have assessed the obtained regression model. The regression equation found is significant by the Fisher criterion; all its parameters, including the intercept term, are significant by the Student's criterion with a maximum error of 0.049. Autocorrelation of the residues is non-existent (according to the Durbin-Watson criterion). The multiple correlation coefficient is 0.99. The results obtained can be useful for assessing the effectiveness of various social policy instruments, both at regional and national levels.Conclusions: Indicators of employment, average wages, and social benefits occupy an important place in the system of indicators of average per capita income. The analysis shows a strong positive relationship between these indicators. At the same time, the overall relationship between changes in indicators of non-standard employment and population incomes in the Republic of Kazakhstan appears to be important for a more adequate analysis of the situation. A negative correlation between indicators of non-standard employment and per capita income confirms the vulnerability and instability of non-standard employee labor relations, and receiving a lower income compared to standard employment.
Features of personnel management in the public service system of the republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kim Yu. , Omarova A.
Published: August 2021

Object: It is a social relations, developing in the sphere of formation of the civil service in the Republic of Kazakhstan. National and other countries experience indicate that it is impossible to create an effective public service system without developing scientifically based and verified concepts and features of personnel management in the public service system, which would eliminate systemic contradictions in the legal regulation. The growth of scientific interest in the problems of theory and practice of public service has objective grounds of the study.Methods: Methods of grouping and classification, as well as methods of mathematical modeling, were used in the processing and systematization of data. An econometric model was constructed.Findings: While investigating the features of personnel management in the system of civil service of Kazakhstan, it was revealed that the civil service is based on certain principles, on the basis of which it is possible to carry out personnel planning to respond to changes in the needs of the public service. The authors hypothesized, there is a relationship between the indicator "Services in the field of public administration; services in the field of mandatory social security" and the factor "The list number of employees in the field, mandatory social security" and "The average monthly salary of civil servants". A regression analysis was performed to prove or disprove this hypothesis.Conclusions: Based on the analysis we can say with confidence, the hypothesis put forward about the relationship between the indicators in previous stage are confirmed.The authors comes to the conclusion that the staffing of civil servants is a necessary management process, since the effectiveness of the activities of public authorities is largely determined by the quantity and quality of resources for effective public administration.
Study of current trends in the labour market: changes caused by digital technologies and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Suieubayeva S.N. , Madiyarova E.S. , Pestunova G.B.
Published: August 2021

Object: To study the current state and priorities of the labour market in the digital economy and the COVID-19pandemic.Methods: The theoretical basis of the research is the work of domestic and foreign economists on the problems of the digitization of the labour market and the legislative and regulatory acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Data from the Statistical Committee of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the results of the authors' research have been compiled as an information base for the study. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach, abstract-logical, economical-statistical, monographic methods of studying economic processes.Findings: This article contains the results of an analysis of the labour market development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in comparison with foreign countries. Employment in the digital economy and the CORONA crisis are discussed. It is noted that the faster the digital economy is implemented, the more difficult it is to manage the digital economy. Technology is becoming not only an engine for the development of new industries, but also an important social role, making a significant contribution to the solution of societal problems such as population ageing, social stratification, environmental problems and climate change. With the help of advanced science and technology emerges a «smart» society based on new values oriented to the needs of the person, flexibility,creativity. As a result of digitization, the labour market, health care, education and spatial development are changing dramatically.Conclusions: The article discusses key aspects of the creation of conditions for the search for new forms of employment for the Kazakh economy from the standpoint of digitization. The emphasis is on the development of the digital environment in the modern environment. The content of state support of economic entities within the framework of the state program «Digital Kazakhstan» is considered. It was concluded that the changes brought about in the world economy by widespread restrictions in the context of the pandemic would lead to the search for new ways and forms of employment in the Kazakh labour market
Distant motivation against short motivation
Authors: Mukhambetov T.I.
Published: August 2021

Object: This article examines the issues of comparative analysis of short, that is, near and long perspectives from the point of view of their impact on employee motivation. Another goal of the article is to develop practical recommendations for the development of Far Distant (Long-term) Motivation in the wage system.Methods: This study uses quantitative research methods and a trending data collection method. The data were collected through a survey using the same questionnaire in 1994 and in 2010, which made it possible to identify the dynamics of changes in employee motivation. The sample size was 250 respondents.Findings: The results show that long-term perspectives at work play a huge role for workers. Second, Far Distant Motivation is unfortunately underestimated by employers, as a result of which the potential for increasing employee productivity is not fully exploited.Conclusions: Research shows that Far Distant Motivation should become an essential element of the motivation system in a company focused on competitiveness. Its presence will increase the competitiveness of the company, the productivity of employees and achieve the integration of personnel into the strategic goals of the company. The widespread practice of Short-Term Motivation based on assessment and remuneration based on short-term results for certain categories of workers has significantly less motivational power than Far Distant Motivation based on assessment of merit and long-term performance results. Therefore, modern companies must build a combination of Short and Far Distant Motivation.
Sensitivity of phytopathogenic and nodule bacteria of soybeans to microelements preparations obtained by electropulse ablation
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kravchenko O.O. , Zhitkevich N.V. ,   D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the NAS of Ukraine, Hnatiuk T.T. ,   D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the NAS of Ukraine, Borodai V.V. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Chobotar V.V. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of soybean yields largely depend on the effectiveness of measures against pathogens caused by phytopathogenic bacteria, which lead to the loss of 30-40% of grain yield. One of the elements of biologization is the use of trace elements in the cultivation of soybeans. The work has been devoted to determining the sensitivity of highly active strains of nodule bacteria and representatives of pathogens of soybean bacteriosis to trace elements preparations Dobrodiy Comfort and Dobrodiy Comfort-Copper, which were obtained by electropulse ablation, and comparing their action with traditional chemical pesticides. For comparison, the drugs of traditional cultivation of soybeans have been used: Rankona, Maxim XL, Rydomil Gold, Propuls. Classical microbiological, phytopathological, statistical method shas been used in the work. In particular, the reliability of the influence of factors has been established by the value of the probability level "p", which was calculated using the program STATISTICA 8. The obtained results have indicated a high sensitivity of yellow pigment pathogens of soybean bacteriosis to preparations Dobrodiy Comfort and Dobrodiy Comfort-copper in native form. The causative agent of angular spot of soybeans has not been sensitive to these compositions. Study have shown that Dobrodiy Comfort and Dobrodiy Comfort-copper are non-toxic to bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium. According to the results of preparations titration, work has been determined that the effect of these preparations on phytopathogens remains in the range of 10-3-10-4. According to the For the first time absence of antibacterial activity at the specified dilution and toxic effect on nodule bacteria, the use of ecological drugs Dobrodiy-Comfort and Dobrodiy Comfort-Copper in the system of soybean protection against bacterial diseases has been analyzed and recommended.
Efficiency of formation and functioning of the symbiotic soybean system with glyphosate treatment
Authors:   Institute of agroecology and environmental management of NAAS of Ukraine, Gumeniuk I. , Levishko A. ,   Institute of agroecology and environmental management of NAAS of Ukraine, Demyanyuk O. ,   Institute of agroecology and environmental management of NAAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The efficiency of the formation and functioning of the soybean symbiotic system during the crops treatment with glyphosate and pre-sowing seed inoculation with different strains of Bradyrhizobium in the field studied. It is known, that glyphosate can affect symbiotic nitrogen fixation through direct action on rhizobia and symbiotic formations, we took plant samples for analysis after four weeks of glyphosate treatment and determined the aboveground mass of plants and symbiotic apparatus formation evaluated by the number of nodules, their mass and nitrogen fixation activity. It was shown that the late treatment (35 days after sowing) with glyphosate does not provide a sufficient level of weed control and under such conditions inhibits the development and growth of soybean plants, reduces the growth of aboveground and root mass. Treatment of plants with glyphosate before the formation of symbiotic apparatus (21 days after sowing) reduces nitrogen fixation activity by 3550%, but it does not have a significant effect on the formation of soybean yield. The obtained results confirmed the hypothesis of intensification of the nitrogen complex during late treatment of plants with glyphosate in plants inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain EL-35 and the composition of strains of B. japonicum EM-24 and B. japonicum EL-35. The most effective for inoculation of soybean plants was a mixture of the studied strains of B. japonicum EM-24 and B. japonicum EL-35, which provides high nitrogen fixation activity and productivity. Therefore, to reduce the negative impact of glyphosate on the nitrogen fixation activity of symbiotic systems and to obtain high soybean productivity, it is necessary to select rhizobia strains with a high rate of symbiotic system formation, because even a slight decrease in nitrogen fixation can have long-term negative consequences.
First record of Mesocyclops ogunnus Onabamiro, 1957 from Kazakhstan (Crustacea: Cyclopidae)
Authors: Krupa E.G.
Published: August 2021

Mesocyclops ogunnus Onabamiro, 1957 with tropical distribution is recorded from Kazakhstan for the first time; that represents the northernmost record of the species from the Asian part of its range.
Egzersiz Fizyolojisi Bağlamında Musküler Plastisite
Authors: KARİP Burak , BALCIOĞLU Hüseyin Avni
Published: August 2021

İskelet kaslarının yaşa, egzersiz çeşidine ve bazı hastalıklara verdiği makro ve moleküler düzeydeki tepki ve adaptasyonlar plastisiteye etki eden en önemli faktörlerdir. Egzersiz fizyolojisi temelinde sahip olduğu anlamla birlikte, sarkopeni gibi iskelet kası bozuklukları; travmaya bağlı ya da deneysel modellemelerle oluşan medulla spinalis yaralanmaları; çeşitli dayanıklılık, güç ve kuvvet antrenmanlarıyla ilgili kas liflerinde bulunan miyozin ağır zincir ‘lerinde meydana gelen değişikliklerde musküler plastisite mekanizmaları giderek artan sayıda klinik ve translasyonel çalışmanın konusu olmaktadır. Buna binaen, Tip I, Tip IIa ve Tip IIx kas lifi tiplerinin fizyolojik, yapısal ve biyokimyasal özellikleri insanda iskelet kası plastisitesine etki eden en önemli faktörlerdir. Antrenman çeşitlerinin kaslara etkisi mitokondriyel değişiklikler, Ca++ oranları ve genetik faktörler ile yakından ilişkilidir. Özellikle bu faktörlere bağlı oluşan sonuçlara göre, kişiye özel düzenlenen antrenman çeşitleri ve içerikleri, günümüzde egzersiz fizyolojisinin önceliklerindendir. Bu konuda yapılan deneylerin büyük çoğunluğu inme modellemeleri ve m. soleus, m. tibialis anterior gibi kasların kas-sinir ilişkisine bağlı fenotip incelemeleriyle ilgili çalışmalardır. Bu derlemede, iskelet kaslarındaki plastisiteye bağlı değişikliklerin, çeşitli faktörlerle olan ilişkilerinin incelenmesi ve özellikle egzersiz çeşitleri ile bağlantılarının ortaya konması hedeflendi.
Caracterización clínica y laboratorial de pacientes pediátricos con dengue sin signos de alarma en un hospital de referencia de Paraguay
Authors: Bernal Vega Erica Eliana , Chilavert Ricardo Iramain , Jara Ávalos Alfredo Ramón , Delvalle Acosta Edith María Rossana , Arzamendia Alarcón Laura Patricia , Román Almada Landhy Elizabeth
Published: August 2021

Introducción: El virus del Dengue es transmitido por la picadura de mosquitos hembra de Aedes aegypti. En Paraguay constituye una enfermedad endémica, con epidemias cada 3-5 años, y con diferentes tipos de presentación, desde formas asintomáticas hasta formas graves, que incluso puede desencadenar la muerte.

Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y laboratoriales de pacientes en edad pediátrica con diagnóstico de Dengue sin signos de alarma que acudieron al consultorio del Departamento de Urgencias Pediátricas del Hospital de Clínicas de San Lorenzo, Paraguay, entre noviembre de 2019 y marzo de 2020.

Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo, de corte transverso de casos consecutivos. Se incluyeron pacientes de 1 mes a 18 años en un muestreo no probabilístico.

Resultados: Se incluyeron 221 pacientes. Se obtuvo una edad promedio de 8,6 años, siendo el 51% de sexo femenino. En cuanto a la sintomatología, el 100% de los pacientes manifestaron la presencia de fiebre, seguido en frecuencia por cefalea (45%), dolor corporal (36%) y vómitos (18%). Se realizó análisis de detección de antígeno NS1 en 107 pacientes, de los cuales 75 resultaron positivos.

Conclusión: Se observó una distribución similar en cuanto al sexo, con una mediana de edad de 8 años. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron fiebre, cefalea y dolor corporal, sin embargo, se registró una mayor frecuencia de pacientes con síntomas gastrointestinales respecto a brotes de años anteriores, probablemente relacionado con el serotipo circulante. Se obtuvo un 70% de positividad de la prueba de antígeno NS1.

Declaración de conflicto de intereses: Los autores declaran no poseer conflicto de intereses.

Recibido: 03/03/2021 Aceptado: 18/05/2021
Alteration of Thyroid Hormone among Patients with Ischemic Stroke visiting a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bashyal Saroja , Gorkhaly Manen Prasad , Devkota Rameshwor , Devkota Ramila , Regmi Pradeep Raj , Amatya Isha
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Stroke is broadly classified as cerebral infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neuroendocrine proﬁle is altered in acute ischemic stroke and there is a link between hypothyroidism and atherosclerosis which in turn may lead to stroke. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of alteration of thyroid hormones in patients with ischemic stroke in a tertiary care center.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2019 in a tertiary care center. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional review board of National Academy of Medical Sciences (reference number: IM 175). Patients with a diagnosis of stroke, without evidence of cardioembolic source, history of liver disease, renal failure and thyroid disease and who do not use thyroidal supplementation within 180 days prior the event were included. Convenience sampling was done. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. Point estimate at 90% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data.
Results: The prevalence of altered thyroid levels among 73 patients was 13 (17.8%) (90% Confidence Interval= 10.44-25.16). Among them 11 (15.1%) were hypothyroid and 2 (2.7%) were hyperthyroid. Among severity of hypothyroid cases, subclinical hypothyroidism grade IA was seen in 51 (70%), subclinical hypothyroidism grade IB was seen in 22 (30%),
Conclusions: The prevalence of altered thyroid levels among patients undergoing ischemic stroke was similar to the findings of other international studies.
Guillain Barre Syndrome associated with COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Shrestha Sujan , KC Niranjan , Hirachan Niroj
Published: August 2021

Coronavirus Disease has become a global pandemic after its emergence at the end of 2019 as a cluster of pneumonia. Apart from respiratory symptoms, neurologic complications are also common, mostly in hospitalized patients. More than 80 percent of patients have neurological symptoms during their disease course of which most common is encephalopathy. However, data on neurological complications like Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with coronavirus-2019 are scarce. Here, we report a case of a 64-years-old female patient with typical clinical and electrophysiological manifestations of Acute motor axonal neuropathy variant, who was reported positive with polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, 13 days before the onset of acute bilateral weakness of extremities, areflexia, and normal sensory examination. Cerebrospinal fluid and electrophysiological examination were also suggestive. The neurological symptoms improved during treatment with immunoglobulins. Quick recognition of symptoms and diagnosis is important in the management of Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with coronavirus-2019.
Trans-oral Extra Tonsillar Approach of Styloidectomy for Treatment of Eagle’s Syndrome among Operated Cases of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Regmi Deepak , Baidhya Rachana , Rajak Ashik , Shrestha Sangita , Bista Meera
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Eagle’s syndrome is a poorly understood clinical entity that has variable presentations like recurrent throat pain or foreign body sensation, dysphagia, or facial pain. With a confirmed diagnosis, a surgical approach is considered appropriate for its treatment. This study aims to find out the prevalence of trans-oral extra tonsillar approach of styloidectomy among the operated cases of Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,475 who underwent surgery at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in a tertiary care center of Nepal between July 2018 to September 2020 after receiving the ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 0106201802). Convenience sampling was done and data was entered in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: Among 1,475 patients enrolled in the study, 24 (1.62%) patients (95% Confidence Interval= 0.97-2.26) underwent trans-oral extra tonsillar approach of surgery for Eagle’s syndrome during the study duration.
Conclusions: The prevalence of styloidectomy among the operated cases of our study is low in comparison to other studies done in similar settings. Transoral extra tonsillar approach can be considered as a novel approach for surgical removal of the styloid process in Eagle’s Syndrome.
Lipid Profile Abnormalities in Newly Diagnosed Primary Hypothyroidism in a Tertiary Care Centre of Western Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Khatri Prabin , Neupane Aryan , Banjade Ashish , Sapkota Suman , Kharel Smile , Chhetri Ashmita , Sharma Dipesh , Subedi Saphal Nath , Chhetri Pradip
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Thyroid hormones have a major influence on synthesis, mobilization and metabolism of lipids. Hypothyroidism accounts for a notable cause of secondary dyslipidemia. This can increase the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study was performed to find out the prevalence of lipid profile abnormalities in newly diagnosed primary hypothyroid states.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 71 patients in the context of newly diagnosed primary hypothyroidism patients visiting outpatient department of internal medicine from 9th December 2018 to 30th June 2020 after taking ethical clearance from Institutional Review Committee. Case screening for lipid profile changes was performed at the time of diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism. A convenience sampling method was used. Data entry and descriptive analysis were done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: In this study including 71 cases of newly diagnosed primary hypothyroidism, 49 (69.0%) (95% Confidence Interval= 58.24-79.76) had abnormal lipid profiles. Among them, 5 (38.5%) out of 13 (18.3%) cases of subclinical hypothyroidism and 44 (75.9%) out of 58 (81.7%) cases of overt hypothyroidism had abnormal lipid profiles.
Conclusions: The prevalence of abnormal lipid profile parameters was similar to the study done in various studies in similar settings except for high-density lipid which showed both similarity and dissimilarity with other studies. Our study suggested that all newly diagnosed cases of primary hypothyroidism are to be investigated for dyslipidemia thus ensuring early treatment and prevention of complications.
Knowledge of Physiotherapy Practice among Medical Interns in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mahto Prakash , Manandhar Naresh , Joshi Sunil Kumar
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Medical doctors have profound influence on other health professions including physiotherapist as they are at the top of the pyramid of healthcare profession. There is a lack of knowledge of physiotherapy among medical doctors. They may not be knowing of all physiotherapy services and practice. The objective of this study was to find adequate knowledge of physiotherapy practice among medical interns in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on medical interns of a tertiary hospital of Kathmandu between 21st March - 20th May 2021, after taking ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. A convenient sampling method was used and sample size was calculated to be 94. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the demographic details and knowledge of Physiotherapy. Data was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data.
Results: The knowledge of physiotherapy practice was seen adequate among 16 (17%) (95% Confidence Interval = 9.41-24.59) medical interns. Physiotherapy is effective in reducing pain was acknowledged by 89 (97.4 %), 61 (64.9 %) had knowledge about conditions treated by physiotherapy, 55 (58.5 %) had knowledge that physiotherapy treatment follows definite treatment protocol and 26 (27.7 %) had knowledge that exercise prescription is done in physiotherapy.
Conclusions: The prevalence of adequate knowledge is less in our study which is similar to other studies done in similar settings. Therefore, there is a need of educating the future medical doctors about physiotherapy, thereby reaching a better patient care.
Instytucja obywatelskiej inicjatywy uchwałodawczej w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego stopnia regionalnego
Authors: Podgórska-Rykała Joanna Maria
Published: August 2021

Będąca przedmiotem rozważań podjętych w artykule obywatelska inicjatywa uchwałodawcza jest uprawnieniem grupy mieszkańców do zainicjowania procesu tworzenia prawa miejscowego przez organy stanowiące gminy, powiatu lub województwa. Jest ona jednym z instrumentów partycypacyjnych, umożliwiają­cych udział obywateli w sprawowaniu władzy, choć nie wywiera bezpośrednio skutków wiążących dla organów stanowiących prawo i nie obliguje ich do uchwalenia proponowanych przez mieszkańców rozstrzygnięć. Ratio legis inicjatywy stanowi włączenie mieszkańców (zbiorowo) do katalogu podmiotów posiadających uprawnie­nie do wszczęcia procedury legislacyjnej na szczeblu lokalnym (gminnym, powiatowym) lub regionalnym (wo­jewódzkim), a więc ich formalna legitymizacja w tym procesie. W artykule przybliżono instytucjonalne, prawne oraz proceduralne uwarunkowania funkcjonowania tego mechanizmu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem prak­tyki wykorzystania obywatelskiej inicjatywy uchwałodawczej w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego szczeb­la wojewódzkiego. Zaprezentowano przeglądową analizę podjętych dotychczas inicjatyw w województwach: podkarpackim, świętokrzyskim, śląskim i małopolskim, charakteryzując ich przebieg i efekty legislacyjne.
Linking Language Proficiency to Teaching Competence: A Case Study of EFL Teachers in Indonesia
Authors: Rachmawati Dwita Laksmita , Purwati Oikurema
Published: August 2021

In Indonesia, English teachers and lecturers have to pass specific number of TOEFL score as a passing card to carry out teaching activity. Yet, there is no further observation from researchers or government about how much the English teachers’ proficiency affects the classroom instruction capability. Hence, this research is worth pursuing to reveal information for teachers’ professional development. This study is a case study that aims to gather information about the relation between English teachers’ proficiency and teaching skills. The data were obtained from semi-structured interview and class observation. To analyse the data, the researchers coded the data manually to eliminate errors. There are two English lecturers from one private University in Malang, East Java, Indonesia as the participants of this study. They were selected purposefully based on their level of general proficiency in English. This study revealed that high level of English proficiency alone cannot be a single indicator for conducting effective English teaching and learning process. Teachers need to obtain both high level of language proficiency and own pedagogical skills to provide optimised learning and teaching environment. This research is seen as a fundamental framework for teachers to improve their English teaching perseverance.
Catheter directed thrombolysis for acute deep vein and arterial thrombosis in COVID-19: report of two cases from Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan-Iraq
Authors: Mirza Aram Jamal , Taha Abdulsalam Yaseen
Published: August 2021

Abstract
As one year elapsed since COVID-19 outbreak, venous and arterial thromboses are increasingly reported in different vascular territories. Once accessed by the virus, the endothelial cells, abundant in angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) protein, will be activated by the inflammatory process leading to coagulopathy and vascular lesions. Herein, we describe a case of extensive thrombosis of the infra-renal inferior vena cava and iliac femoral vein in a man of 62 and a case of acute superficial femoral artery thrombosis in a lady of 55. Both were COVID-19 confirmed cases with severe pneumonia, high D-Dimer levels and risk factors for severe disease or death. Despite presentation 1-2 weeks after the onset of thromboses, they were successfully managed by catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT) using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Owing to the increased morbidity and mortality of vascular thrombosis, there is a need to identify COVID-19 patients who need prophylaxis and prescribe them the right prophylactic drug (s). The excellent outcome of CDT in these two patients, from Sulaymaniyah/Iraq, supports the use of this treatment modality as a valid, safe and effective option for acute arterial and venous thromboses.
Vegetable market development in Ukraine
Authors: Salo Inna
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the article is to research the current state and peculiarities of the vegetable market development and predict its conjuncture. Research methods. The following methods were applied: analysis and synthesis, analytical generalizations; graphic – during analysis the vegetable production and selling, international trade; balance – during determining of the market balance of demand and supply, their changes and mutual influence; export and import provisions; statistical; extrapolation constructive and calculated - for market forecasting. Research results. The problems of the vegetable market development were explored. The tendencies and peculiarities of its functioning established. The main market economic parameters were considered: production, consumption, price situation, international trade. The peculiarities of the structural changes of the export and import supplies were balance. The necessity of increasing the vegetable marketable supply during the winter-spring period was established as well as the causes restraining the vegetable growing industry development determined and the directions of its further progress. Scientific novelty. The major parameters of the vegetable market development were substantiated from viewpoint of the necessity of the rational population requirements provision as well as of increasing the export potential and the vegetable growing industry further progress. Practical significance. The research results should be used when forming the expedient program of the vegetable growing industry development for the long term period, directed, first of all, to the rational Ukraine’s population provision with the vegetable products. Tabl.: 3. Figs.: 2. Refs.: 12.
Grain market in Ukraine: analysis of the current state and development prospects
Authors: Cheremisina Svitlana
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the grain market of Ukraine and justify priority measures for its further stabilization, increase competitiveness and increase efficiency. Research methods. In the process of research a number of methods were used: abstract-logical - to formulate conclusions; comparative analysis - to compare indicators and identify trends in their change; tabular - for a visual representation of the results of the study; statistical - in determining the variation in the volume of grain production; calculation and design - to develop balances of cereals and justify their forecast indicators; monographic - detailing the current state and problems of the grain market of Ukraine; graphic - to illustrate market trends in the studied grain market. Research results. The tendency of significant growth of production and export of grain crops in Ukraine is revealed. It is investigated that there is a steady increase in supply in the grain market, which is formed mainly due to production volumes. The result of a comprehensive analysis of export flows in the grain market of Ukraine is a developed forecast of grain exports. The forecast balance of grain and leguminous crops by main types has been developed. The price situation on the domestic grain market in terms of major crops is analyzed and the world grain market situation is studied. Priority measures have been systematized that will contribute to the further development of the domestic grain market and the strengthening of Ukraine's leading position in the world grain market. Scientific novelty. Methodological and practical aspects of studying the problems of the grain market and developing directions for sustainable development of the grain complex of Ukraine have been further developed. Practical significance. These approaches and research results can be used by public and sectoral authorities in the organization of monitoring and development of priority measures to increase the competitiveness of domestic grain potential in world markets. Tabl.: 4. Figs.: 5. Refs.: 13.
THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ON THE ORGANIZATION OF ACCOUNTING OF TAX CALCULATIONS
Authors:   Economics and Technology Institute Robert Elworthy, Butkevich Oksana
Published: August 2021

The article examines the impact of digital technologies on the organization of accounting for tax payments. It is noted that this area of accounting is one of the most difficult, which determines the relevance of the study of the impact of digital technologies on the organization of accounting for tax payments. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods of cognition: logical, systemic, induction, deduction, analysis. Any company seeks to optimize their size and avoid penalties when making calculations for tax payments. However, in practice, most companies do not pay due attention to the development and implementation of the necessary procedures for optimizing tax calculations. A prerequisite for the optimal tax policy of the enterprise is a rationally developed accounting policy. Formalization of accounting policy is carried out by approving the Order on accounting policy. When forming this internal regulation, it is expedient to single out the section "Organization of accounting for settlements with the budget for tax payments", which discloses the method of accounting for calculations of a tax or fee depending on the nature and specifics of the enterprise, its industry characteristics Of the Tax Code of Ukraine. In this section of the accounting policy of the enterprise it is expedient to include the Working plan of accounts and the schedule of document flow. The final stage of the organization of the account of calculations with the budget on tax payments is drawing up of the tax reporting and its representation. At this stage, the use of digital technologies can significantly reduce the time spent on filling out the appropriate forms of tax reporting, and their submission. The main software products used by modern enterprises in the organization of accounting for tax payments include: technology Artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence), Big Data (big data), Cloud technologies and computing (cloud technology and computing), Blockchain (blockchain). The use of digital technologies in the organization of accounting for tax payments is the key to improving the tax discipline of the enterprise, which in combination with a properly designed and formalized accounting policy of the enterprise avoids the cost of fines and other financial sanctions imposed by fiscal authorities.
RESEARCH OF THE INTERNET SERVICES MARKET IN THE VINNYTSIA REGION
Authors:   Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University, Buga Nataliia , Yanchuk Tanya ,   Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University
Published: August 2021

The results of a study of the Internet services market in the Vinnytsia region are highlighted in the article. The main market participants providing Internet services - are identified and analyzed. These services include: organization of Internet access when using dial-up communication lines; provision of hosting space; maintenance of smooth operation of electronic mail addresses or virtual post service; provision of services for organizing the installation of equipment to the client at their own location; provision of rental services for virtual servers or data backup. The key success factors were chosen: connection cost; price / speed ratio; range of tariff plans; availability of an «external» sales service; availability of advertising support; availability of exclusive connection technologies; financial stability of the enterprise. A survey of users of Internet services in Vinnytsia allowed us to create a portrait of the target audience. The main requirement of users for Internet services is the speed of Internet traffic. Factors contributing to the active development of the Internet audience are revealed: an increase in business activity in the region; an increase in revenues and, as a result, an increase in the availability of telecommunications services; an increase in business needs for telecommunications services; the use of modern technologies that improve the quality of services. Favorable factors for the development of Internet service providers in the foreseeable future are the growing use of telecommunications technologies which leads to an increase in the popularity of services and the rapid pace of development and introduction of telecommunications technologies. Offers made for service differentiation of services: offer additional services that accompany the offered product will be competitive. Improving the quality of user service is based on the implementation of Service Management in the company: responsibility in providing service, quality control of service based on the implementation of standard procedures, improving and maintaining a high level of competence of service personnel in the company, a clear system for evaluating and motivating staff performance. It is advisable to maintain a high level of service quality using internal PR technologies.
Rethinking the workweek: Results from a longitudinal time-use study of a 30-hour workweek experiment
Authors: Mullens Francisca , Verbeylen Julie , Glorieux Ignace
Published: August 2021

In 2019, Femma vzw, a Belgian women’s organisation, as an experiment, implemented a 30-hour workweek within the organisation. For a period of 12 months, all full-time employees switched from a 36-hour workweek to a 30-hour workweek. During this experiment, a longitudinal time-use study into the impact of the working time reduction on the working life and private life of these employees was carried out. The study included five waves of data collection before, during and after the experiment over a period of two and a half years. Each wave consisted of an online 7-day time use diary, a pre-diary questionnaire and a post-diary questionnaire. This research report discusses the first general findings of the study, using the first four waves. Some key findings are: the employees had clear wishes and expectations about what they wanted to do with their extra time at the start of the 30-hour workweek. Above all, the wish for more personal time was high. Most employees took this extra time as one additional non-working day per week, namely Wednesday or Friday. The extra free hours mostly were spent on household work, care and personal care, although this was not exactly what they wished for. However, employees did experience less household stress, less leisure time pressure and a better work-life balance.
FEATURES OF SALES PROMOTION AT A COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Sokol Polina , Movchan Anastasiia
Published: August 2021

This article is devoted to the problem of sales management, which is relevant for all business entities of the modern market economy. Much attention is paid to the marketing component of the enterprise, in particular, stimulating sales, its essence and role in the mechanism of enterprise management .Today, the dynamics and qualitative changes in the marketing of the enterprise are characteristic, which causes the constant increase of environmental requirements to the effectiveness of economic transformations in management systems, sanation and reorganization of material and technical support and is aimed at intensifying organizational development of the enterprise. Generalization of the marketing sphere in the direction of promotion of goods and services, which is in the phase of intensive development and dynamics, was carried out. It is proved that this is based primarily on increased competition among manufacturers, which forces entrepreneurs to look for new ways to attract and capture the attention of consumers, and, as a result, increase sales. It is substantiated that the sales incentive system is a powerful tool for ensuring the stability of the enterprise in the conditions of development of the modern market and aggravation of competition. It is important to offer such conditions of management in order to achieve an increase in profitability indicators that characterize the overall economic efficiency of the enterprise and its competitiveness. The essence of the category "sales promotion" from different positions is revealed. The description of the interpretation of the algorithm of stages of development of the sales incentive plan is given. Features, advantages and disadvantages of stimulating sales have been identified. Measures and directions of effectiveness of increasing sales stimulation at a trading enterprise are proposed. Effective sales promotion, integrating into the marketing of a particular product, thanks to the tasks being solved, is one of the most important elements of the promotion complex. The article indicates the techniques and tools of sales promotion, which have their pros and cons. The results of their analysis affect the actions of the consumer, turning him from a potential into a real buyer.
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Authors: Tyshchenko Svitlana
Published: August 2021

The tendencies of development of the hospitality industry are analyzed. Of particular importance is the situation with covid - 2019, which at the present stage is very relevant. The etymology of the concept of "hospitality industry" in its definition, namely this complex concept, which includes tourism, unites all sectors of the economy at all levels, related to service and service (tourists, visitors, local and regional residents) for through the business sector of specialized and infrastructural importance based on the principle of hospitality, which is their common denominator. The author's approach to determining the structure of the hospitality industry, based on the business sector of specialized importance (sectors: tourism, consumer services, culture and education, food, accommodation, entertainment, leisure and sports) and business sectors of infrastructure importance (sectors: security and law enforcement, health care and communication facilities of recreation and tourism, science and education for training, financial, information, research and innovation, road and transport infrastructure), which are combined with the main factor of hospitality. The composition of enterprises included in this industry has been clarified. Statistical data of the current state of the hospitality industry of Ukrainian enterprises by types of economic activity, as well as by their size are presented. It is noted that currently in the hospitality industry since 2010-2019 the number of farms by size and type of economic activity has tended to decrease, the situation has worsened during the pandemic. The main sectors of the hospitality industry are considered, where these activities are indicated, namely: transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities, art, sports, entertainment and recreation, other services. The classification of services of the hospitality industry on outstanding factors (on signs of services, a price segment, on objects, degree of loading, qualification of shots) is carried out on the basis of research. As a result of a comprehensive study of the hospitality industry, a number of its features have been identified.
Systematic Literature Review of Walkability and the Built Environment
Authors: Ariffin Raja Noriza Raja , Rahman Nur Hairani Abd , Zahari Rustam Khairi
Published: August 2021

Walking is the most sustainable form of transportation. It is the socially equitable, economically viable and environmentally friendly mode of transportation. However, transportation technology has caused the desertion of the pedestrian space due to excessively motorized transport. Consequently, the pedestrian environment has degraded. In many cities, the abandonment of the pedestrian space has created a socially unfriendly environment. Walkability is a measure of how friendly an area is to walk. In measuring walkability, several criteria are considered, which include inter alia, the quality of pedestrian facilities, roadway conditions, land use patterns, community support, security and comfort for walking. Findings from studies are mixed; some stated that improving the built environment does not encourage people to walk more; however, there are other studies that indicated otherwise. The aim of this paper is to review the built environment characteristics that promote walking. A literature review of studies that focused on walking, walkability, the built environment, pedestrian and urban design was conducted. This study has searched the electronic databases that intertwined with the Web of Science database. The choice was made due to the comprehensiveness of quality academic studies indexed in the database, thus providing reliable sources of body of work. The database integrates numerous sub-databases such as Web of Science Core Collection, Derwent Innovations Index, KCI Korean Journal Database, Russian Science Citation Index and SciELO Citation Index. The data are then thematically coded. The fields of urban planning, urban design, geography, transportation, sociology, and other related areas were included in the research. The result of this review offers evidence to the criteria that promote walking. The review found that three criteria are somewhat constant in promoting walking, namely, population and building density, land use and land use mixes, and safety. In short, by making an area perceived as safe with the presence of land use mixes and density are the best combination to create a walkable environment.