bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestión de riesgos de desastres municipal basado en las TIC: Caso de estudio Panamá
Authors: Meléndez Elvira , Isaza-González José Iván , Castillo Juan , González Ricardo , Chang Ignacio , García Antony
Published: June 2022

La expansión y el creciente dominio de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) y la pandemia de COVID -19 han establecido un clima de cambio y reinvención de las estructuras tradicionales de los gobiernos, dando paso a una nueva generación de servicios públicos modernizados o gobiernos electrónicos. Este caso de estudio presenta un sistema de Gestión Integral de Riesgos de Desastres (GIRD) y la metodología para la realización de los planes de acción por cada riesgo potencial. La principal contribución radica en un modelo relacional basado en una plataforma informática que capta la evolución de cada riesgo de acuerdo con los niveles de probabilidad y severidad. Este modelo tiene un enfoque global e integrado que se centra en las condiciones subyacentes de las catástrofes (peligro y vulnerabilidad) y hace énfasis en la coordinación multinivel, multidimensional, y multidisciplinar entre las partes involucradas, utilizando la herramienta de panel de datos para visualización en la toma decisiones y la inclusión ciudadana en las mismas.
The usefulness of metabolic score for insulin resistance for the prediction of incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults
Authors: Lee Jun-Hyuk , Park Kyongmin , Lee Hye Sun , Park Hoon-Ki , Han Jee Hye , Ahn Sang Bong
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims: The early detection and prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been emphasized considering the burden of this disease. Both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistances are strongly associated with NAFLD. We aimed to compare the predictive powers of a hepatic insulin resistance index, the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and a novel peripheral insulin resistance index, the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), for the prediction of prevalent and incident NAFLD.Methods: Data from 8,360 adults aged 40–69 years at baseline and 5,438 adults without NAFLD who were followed-up at least once after the baseline survey in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were analyzed. The survey was performed biennially, up to the eighth follow-up.Results: The predictive powers of the METS-IR and HOMA-IR for prevalent NAFLD were not significantly different (area under the receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve [95% confidence interval]: METS-IR, 0.824 [0.814–0.834]; HOMAIR, 0.831 [0.821–0.842]; P=0.276). The area under the time-dependent ROC curve (Heagerty’s integrated area under the curve) of the METS-IR for incident NAFLD was 0.683 (0.671–0.695), significantly higher than that of the HOMA-IR (0.551 [0.539–0.563], P<0.001).Conclusions: The METS-IR is superior to the HOMA-IR for the prediction of incident NAFLD and is not inferior to the HOMA-IR for the prediction of prevalent NAFLD. This suggests that the METS-IR can be a more useful insulin resistance index than the HOMA-IR for the early detection and prevention of NAFLD in Korean population.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU CERITA MATEMATIKA PADA KELAS VII SMP DALAM MATERI PERBANDINGAN
Authors: Desi D. , Lumbantoruan J. H.
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the feasibility of developing an mathematics story book. The method used in this study is "Research and Development". Meanwhile, the data collection technique in this study was a validator questionnaire from the experts, then quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed descriptively.Based on the results of research and development that has been done, it shows that: mathematics story books get a very decent percentage value. This percentage is obtained from the results of the validation of each expert i.e. Material experts with a percentage of 80.92%, experts in presenting material with a percentage of 79.16%, media experts giving a score of 93.75%, and linguists giving a score of 81.25%. So it can be concluded that the average value of the percentage of experts is in the very feasible category with a percentage value of 83.77%. Based on the explanation above, it can be concluded that the electronic mathematics storybook is very suitable to be used as a learning tool in class VII SMP in comparison material.

Keywords: development, mathematics  storybook, comparison.
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATA KULIAH GEOMETRI RUANG PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Dhiki Y.Y. , Suryani L.
Published: June 2022

Government demands the universities as the highest education institution, to compulsory produce quality graduates equipped with good potential and skilful in their respective fields. Thus, the students are expected not only to absorb the course material given, but also are able to apply it creatively. Success or failure of a student in higher education will be influenced by high spirit of life, and strong optimism towards success. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate the influence of learning media and students’ motivation toward the learning outcome of mathematics education program. Survey is the method chosen for this study with quantitative approach, and 40 students were chosen randomly for solid geometry course in mathematics education program, Universitas Flores. Likert scale was used in the instrument of data collection techniques. Quantitative analysis was used with descriptive statistics, and involved Bivariate (Pearson) Correlation, Classical Assumption Test, and hypothesis testing. The findings show that the learning media (X1) and learning motivation (X2) seen as positive influence on learning outcomes (Y), it can been seen through the correlation analysis from R hiring for X1 against Y for 0.529 and X2 For Y the calculated R value was obtained for 0.732 and the significance value between X1 and X2 for Y abtained two asterisks (**) so that there was positive influence with a significance level of 1%. In other words, the more increase or the better the learning media and students’ motivation are, the more increase and the better the students learning outcome.
KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA PADA MATERI TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS BERDASARKAN KEMAMPUAN VISUALISASI SPASIAL
Authors: Isnaini Y. , Pujiastuti H.
Published: June 2022

The ability to solve mathematical problems is an important part of learning mathematics that links daily life. The importance of having good mathematical problem solving skills, so understanding mathematics is also good, especially on the pythagoras theorem material. Material related to the construction of this triangle can be applied in calculations in real life. To be able to construct the concept of the pythagoras theorem problem, it needs an ability that can represent imagination into an object, this ability is called spatial visualization ability. This research will discuss the students' mathematical problem solving abilities on the pythagoras theorem material based on the spatial visualization abilities possessed by students. The research method used was a qualitative research with a descriptive approach to students of class VIII MTS 38 Jakarta. The test instrument was a matter of pythagoras theorem description and spatial visualization intelligence test. The results showed that students who have low spatial visualization skills tend not to be able to solve problem solving problems well, students who have moderate problem solving abilities can solve problem solving problems even though there are still steps that are not right, while students who have high spatial visualization abilities can solve problem solving problems with the right steps and answers.
JARAK GENETIK DAN KEKERABATAN TIGA JENIS BADAK DI DUNIA BERDASARKAN ANALISIS MtDNA
Authors: Handayani  , Dedi Duryadi  , Hadi Alikodra3
Published: June 2022

The family Rhinocerotidae is distinct and well defined, but systematic relationships among the four genera evaluated on the basis of geographical distribution of the different genera.  The purpose of the research is to find out the genetic distance of rhinos in the world. Samples of Sumatran rhinoceros (Indonesia) are from SRS (Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary) Way Kambas National Park, while for Indian rhinoceros and white African rhinos. Amplification of cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) genes in mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA) uses a specific primer for COI. The two primary pairs are Primer to amplify the partial CO1 sequence (RHCO1F & RHCO1R). CO1 amplification process  PCR conditions used are: predenaturation at 940C, followed by the main cycle  denaturation stage at 940C for 45 seconds, primary annealing stage (annealing) at 580C. analyzed provides genetic distance ranging from (0.016) to (0.147) for each species.  Analysis of 711 bp of rhino DNA sequences can be shown in the form of a matrix of genetic differences. The genetic distance of the white African rhinoceros (Ceratorium simum) with the Sumatran torgamba rhinoceros is (0.142), while with the Indian rhinoceros (0.147) and the genetic distance between the Sumatran rhinos themselves there is a difference that the Sumatran rhino Bina differs by (0.136-0.147) with the other three individuals, while Torgamba has a genetic distance with Rosa of (0.014) but with a very close genetic distance (0.007), and Andalas (0.017), while the genetic distance is close to Bina (0.014) with Rosa (0.014).
ANALISIS STRATEGI METAKOGNITIF SISWA DALAM MEMAHAMI DAN MENYELESAIKAN SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABEL DITINJAU DARI PERBEDAAN GENDER
Authors: Zulfikar Ryan Nizar , Masni Eva Dwika
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze students' metacognitive strategies in understanding and solving math problems in terms of gender differences. This type of research is based on a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Purposive sample technique is a technique of determining the subject based on certain criteria to make it easier to obtain the desired information. Data collection techniques in this study consisted of interviews, tests, documentation and observations. The data analysis technique in this study consists of reducing data, presenting data and making conclusions. For data validity, this study used triangulation. Triangulation is done by triangulation method. Method triangulation in this research uses two methods, namely interviews and documentation. Based on the results of data analysis, it shows that four aspects of metacognitive strategies, namely the awareness aspect, cognitive aspects, planning aspects and re-checking in understanding and solving mathematical problems in the material of the two-variable linear equation system show that the metacognitive strategies of female and male students in class X SMA 8 Kupang can be said to be good in accordance with the minimum completeness criteria set at school. Even though in the awareness and evaluation aspects, it was still seen that male and female students did not use metacognitive strategies, because understanding the concept in solving story problems was still not understood about the differences in collecting known data and being asked by mathematical modeling. Overall, male and female students were able to understand and solve problems using metacognitive strategies.
POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) DAN MINYAK ATSIRI SERAI (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) SEBAGAI BAHAN AKTIF HAND SANITIZER SPRAY
Authors: Felma Mosse Adonia , Prasetyaningsih Aniek , Adityarini Dwi
Published: June 2022

Maintaining hand hygiene is an important habit to prevent disease caused by microorganisms and viruses. Handsanitizer is one of hygiene products as antibacterial and practical use. However, the use of alcohol as its main ingredient could irritate skin. Therefore, the alternative of alcohol is urgently found to prevent this side effect in same effectiveness. in this research, Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis leaf extract and lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) are used to replace alcohol as the main ingredient. This study aims to know the potential antibacterial activity of binahong leaf extract, lemongrass oil and its combination against S.aureus and its effectiveness as an active ingredient in hand sanitizer spray. Binahong extraction using the maceration method. The secondary metabolites of both extracts were identified by phytochemical assay. Then, their antibacterial activity was determined using a disk diffusion test for S. aureus. The organoleptic of hand sanitizer spray was observed. The highest antibacterial activity was obtained from the combination of binahong leaf extract and lemongrass oil 100% at ratio 1:1. This combination was used to formulate the hand sanitizer spray.  The highest inhibitory activity of hand sanitizer spray was shown in the formulation with 3% active ingredients (extracts). This product had dark yellow in colour, distinctive aroma, and liquid texture and effectively suppresses bacterial growth on the hands. According to the results, binahong leaf extract and lemongrass oil are potentially used as active ingredients for natural hand sanitizer sprays.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS EPIKARPIUM BUAH NANGKA (artocarpus heterophyllus lamarck.) SEBAGAI SEDIAAN KRIM TABIR SURYA UV-B
Authors: Tara Inastu Kandarp  , Prasetyaningsih Aniek , Cantya Prakasita Vinsa
Published: June 2022

Sunscreen is needed as protection against the skin from exposure to UV rays, because it will cause erythema, aging skin, blistering, and skin cancer, in skin that is not protected by sunscreen. This study aims to determine the in vitro and in vivo ability of epicarpium A. heterophyllus extract sunscreen cream preparations. This research was conducted in vitro and in vivo, beginning with the extraction process with the maceration method using 70% ethanol, identification of compounds in the extract, TLC, GC-MS, total flavonoids test, physical quality of cream preparations, SPF values ​​of extracts and creams, and in vivo sunscreen activity tests were conducted. The yield percentage produced from 450 grams of simplicia powder was 47.61%. The compounds in A. heterophyllus epicarpium extract are flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, fatty acid groups, alcohol groups, and alkanes. Crude extract contains total flavonoids of 43.625 mgQE / g extract. The 75% concentration in the cream preparation had the highest SPF value of 8.173. The in vivo test used the MED (Minimal Erythema Dose) method of erythema scoring. A concentration of 75% gives the lowest MED value of 0.25. This research is expected to provide information on alternative uses of natural ingredients as the main ingredient of sunscreen so that the use of chemicals as the main ingredient will be reduced.
Identifying the Best Ki-67 Cut-Off for Determining Luminal Breast Cancer Subtypes Using Immunohistochemical Analysis and PAM50 Genomic Classification
Authors: Escala-Cornejo Roberto , Olivares-Hernández Alejandro , García Muñoz María , Figuero-Pérez Luis , Vallejo Javier Martín , Miramontes-González José Pablo , Sancho de Salas Magdalena , Gómez Muñoz María Asunción , Tamayo Raquel Seijas , García Germán Martín , Sánchez Emilio Fonseca , Rodríguez-Sánchez César
Published: June 2022

Background: A surrogate classification of breast cancer (BC) molecular subtypes based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) was established at the 13th St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Consensus (SG-BCC). The most controversial point of discussion was the difference between the luminal A and B subtypes. The Ki-67 cut-off that has been used to differentiate these BC subtypes is 14%; however, this cut-off was questioned. This study aimed to identifying the best Ki67 cut-off for determining the luminal BC by PAM50/Prosigna (NanoString Technologies, Seattle, Washington, USA).

Methods: This study included females who were diagnosed with early-stage luminal BC between 2015–2020, and whose samples were subjected to genomic testing using PAM50.

Results: A total of 143 samples were analysed. At the Ki-67 cut-off values of >14%; a correlation of 70.6%, with a sensitivity of 79.1% and a specificity of 55.8%; and a positive predictive value of 75.8% and negative predictive value of 60.4% were observed. When the Ki-67 cut-off was increased to >20%, the percentage of well-classified tumours based on IHC was 76.2%, increasing the agreement by 6.2%. The sensitivity was 93.4%, but the specificity was 46.1%. The positive predictive value was 75.2% while the negative predictive value was 80%, suggesting that IHC has a high probability of diagnosing luminal A and B.

Conclusions: Increasing the Ki-67 cut-off to >20% leads to a better surrogate classification based on IHC and to a higher sensitivity in classifying the luminal subtypes. The authors propose that the cut-off for Ki-67, which is an independent factor, should be globally modified to >20%.
Implementasi Pendidikan Agama Islam Terhadap Karakter Siswa di SMA Al-Hidayah Way Seputih Lampung Tengah
Authors: Sakur Abdul , Jaenullah Jaenullah , Jannah Siti Roudhotul
Published: June 2022

Pendidikan merupakan salah satu kebutuhan primer masyarakat sejak dulu, dan setiap orang memerlukan pendidikan untuk kelangsungan hidupnya. Tujuan pendidikan sering dirumuskan untuk menyiapkan generasi muda menjadi orang dewasa anggota masyarakat yang mandiri dan produktif. Namun demikian, mutu pendidikan belum menunjukkan peningkatan yang berarti. Sebagian sekolah, terutama di kota-kota menunjukkan peningkatan mutu pendidikan yang cukup menggembirakan, namun sebagian besar lainnya masih memprihatinkan. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat dilakukan dalam melaksanakan pendidikan karakter disekolah adalah mengoptimalkan pembelajaran materi pendidikan agama Islam (PAI). Peran pendidikan agama khususnya pendidikan agama Islam sangatlah strategis dalam mewujudkan pembentukan karakter siswa. Pendidikan agama merupakan sarana transformasi pengetahuan dalam aspek keagamaan (Aspek kognitif), sebagai sarana transformasi norma serta nilai moral untuk membentuk sikap (aspek afektif), yang berperan dalam mengendalikan prilaku (aspek psikomotorik) sehingga tercipta kepribadian manusia seutuhnya. Berdasarkan indikator dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan karakter siswa untuk menjadi lebih baik lagi terutama pada mata pelajaran PAI. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara dengan kepala sekolah serta guru PAI salah satu cara mengatasi kenakalan pada siswa yaitu dengan cara menerapkan metode pendidikan agama islam dalam setiap kesempatan. Metode pendidikan yang dimaksud yaitu melalui penekanan system cara belajar baik secara teori maupun praktek langsung baik melalui acara hari-hari besar islam atau dalam proses belajar mengajar siswa dikelas atau didalam kelas

Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Karakter, Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter, Mutu Pendidikan
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional dan Interpersonal Terhadap Hasil Belajar PAI Siswa SMA Ma’arif Bumirestu Palas Lampung Selatan
Authors: Laviyanto Nur Apri , Syaifullah Muhammad , Jaenullah Jaenullah
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini didasarkan pada masalah adanya kesenjangan antara kecerdasan emosional, interpersonal dan hasil belajar PAI. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah "Apakah ada pengaruh kecerdasan ‎emosional terhadap hasil belajar PAI siswa‎SMA Ma`arif Buni Restu Palas Lampung ‎Selatan tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 ‏Apakah ada pengaruh kecerdasan interpersonal ‎terhadap hasil belajar PAI ‎siswa SMA Ma`arif Buni Restu Palas Lampung Selatan tahun ‎pelajaran ‎‎2020/2021?‎‏ dan‎ Apakah ada pengaruh kecerdasan emosional dan kecerdasan ‎interpersonal ‎terhadap hasil belajar PAI siswa  SMA Ma`arif Buni Restu Palas ‎Lampung ‎Selatan tahun pelajaran 2020/2021? ‏Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian ‎kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ‎ini ‎sebanyak ‏‎80 orang, dan seluruh populasi tersebut ‎dijadikan sampel. ‎Pengumpulan data ‎menggunakan angket, ‎dan ‏dokumentasi. Analisis ‎data menggunakan rumus regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ‏kecerdasan emosional dan interpersonal berpengaruh signifikan ‎tehadap hasil belajar  PAI siswa SMA Ma`arif Bumi Restu Palas Kabupaten Lampung ‎Selatan. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh persamaan‎ȳ=47,476‎+‎0,227X1+0,152X2Konstanta‎‎‎47,476‎‏ ‏‎‏ ‏menggambarkan besarnya hasil  belajar ‎PAI jika tidak ‎dipengaruhi kecerdasan emosional dan kecerdasan interpersonal. ‎Koefisien ‎regresi b1 sebesar 0,227‎‏ ‏menggambarkan besarnya peningkatan ‎hasil  belajar, jika disertai ‎variabel kecerdasan emosional, sedangkan ‎koefisien regresi b2 sebesar 0,152‎ menggambarkan besarnya pening-katan ‎hasil  belajar  jika disertai kecerdasan interpersonal.

Kata Kunci: Kecerdasan Emosional, Kecerdasan  Interpresonal, Hasil Belajar
Implementasi Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Pembentukan Akhlak Siswa
Authors: Supriandi Supriandi , Sahril Sahril , Jafar Jafar
Published: June 2022

This research is a qualitative research that uses the object of PAI teachers, principals, teachers, and students. Data collection was carried out by conducting interviews, observations, documentation, guaranteeing the validity of the data by using data triangulation techniques. This is based on the consideration that this method is effective and easy to implement.The results showed that the implementation of Islamic religious education in the formation of students' morals was through teaching and learning activities carried out by PAI teachers, as well as other activities. However, in these activities there are inhibiting supporting factors, supporting factors such as supporting facilities and infrastructure that are easy for teachers to reach in implementing Islamic religious education, collaboration between students and teachers, while the inhibiting factors are limited time, lack of student awareness, teacher difficulties in advising students outside of class hours, the teacher too often imposes tasks on students. The results showed that the implementation of Islamic religious education in the formation of students' morals was through teaching and learning activities carried out by PAI teachers, as well as other activities. However, in these activities there are inhibiting supporting factors, supporting factors such as supporting facilities and infrastructure that are easy for teachers to reach in implementing Islamic religious education, collaboration between students and teachers, while the inhibiting factors are limited time, lack of student awareness, teacher difficulties in advising students outside of class hours, the teacher too often imposes tasks on students. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the implementation of Islamic religious education in the formation of students' morals at SMK N 1 Makassar had been going well.
Intervention of Peer Groups in Strengthening Youth Religious Character Based on Art Activities Rebbana
Authors: Zaenullah Zaenullah , Anwar Rosyida Nurul
Published: June 2022

Ideally, students should receive education not only at school, but also from family and community. Because children are part of society, they are more in the environment where they live. Thus, intervention to strengthen religious character also needs to be carried out by all parties, including the youth community such as religious arts club. The purpose of this study is how peers intervene in strengthening religious characters based on art activity using tambourine. This research method uses descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out through participatory observation (as both observer and participant), in-depth interviews (deep interviews), and documentation. The data analysis of this research uses the Miles and Huberman model. Data analysis takes place when data collection is carried out and after data collection for a certain period that cannot be determined. The data analysis includes data reduction (data reduction), data display (data presentation), and conclusion drawing/verification (drawing conclusions/verification). The results showed that the intervention to strengthen religious character was focused on art-based religious activities which were carried out programmatically could create a good environment for the fulfillment of inner experiences from religious practice. This also act as a strategy to minimize youth activities that do not give any benefits for themselves and their social environment. The approach used is a value-planting approach and an action approach.

Keywords: Religious Character, Strengthening Religious Character, Degradation Moral
Macroeconomic Analysis of Mining Stock Index Volatility in Indonesia
Authors: Anggraini Asterina , Ahmad Gatot Nazir , Prihatni Rida
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of macroeconomic variables, such as, exchange rates, interest rates, inflation rates, and consumer price index on mining stock volatility. The unit of analysis is the mining stock index volatility in Indonesia from January 2010 to December 2019. The analytical method used in the study is the econometric model ARCH/GARCH using EViews software. The test results show the exchange rate of the dollar against the rupiah (USD/IDR) and the inflation rate has a negative and significant effect while the interest rate and the consumer price index have a positive and significant effect on mining stock index volatility in Indonesia. In addition, based on the ARCH/GARCH coefficient is found that the mining stock index in Indonesia is influenced by the volatility of the current and past stock indexes. The mining stock index volatility in Indonesia is persistent volatile, which is high volatility and occurs continuously.

Keywords: Macroeconomic Analysis, Minix Stock Index, Index Volatility
The Influence of Instructional Media E-Learning Based Edmodo on Student Learning Outcomes of Basics Banking Class X Accounting
Authors: Dewi Monica , Zulaihati Sri , Fauzi Achmad
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Edmodo-based e-learning media on student learning outcomes in the subjects of banking basics class X Accounting at SMK Negeri 42 Jakarta.  The research method used is a quasi-experimental method with a research design post-test only control design. The samples taken were class X Accounting 2 as the experimental class and X Accounting 1 as the control class with 36 students each. The instrument used is a test. The test results data were analyzed by normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis testing. The results of the normality test showed that the experimental class obtained Lcount (0.113) < Ltable (0.147) this means the data is normally distributed and in the control class obtained Lcount (0.101) < Ltable (0.147) this means the data is normally distributed. The homogeneity test shows that Fcount (1.22) < Ftable (1.76) then the data used is homogeneous. The results of hypothesis testing state that tcount (13.79) < ttable (1.66) this means that there is an influence of Edmodo-based e-learning learning media on the learning outcomes of students of class X accounting expertise competence at SMK Negeri 42 Jakarta

Keywords: Learning Media, Learning Edmodo, Instructional Media E-Learning
Göra socialpolitik
Authors: Alakoski Susanna
Published: June 2022

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Covid-19-pandemins påverkan på personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning i Sverige
Authors: Tideman Magnus , Aspling Jenny
Published: June 2022

Personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning har sämre levnadsvillkor än befolkningen i övrigt och är ofta beroende av andras stöd för ett gott liv. Kunskap saknas om hur deras vardagsliv, hälsa och stödinsatser påverkas av den välfärdsutmaning som covid-19-pandemin innebär. I denna artikel redovisas och diskuteras anhörigas och personals bedömningar av pandemins påverkan på personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning i Sverige efter sex månaders pandemi i september 2020, det vill säga efter första vågen. 919 personer, 340 anhöriga och 579 anställda har anonymt besvarat en webbaserad enkät. Syftet med studien var att belysa hälsorelaterade och sociala effekter med fokus på vilka restriktioner som förekommit och vilka konsekvenser de bedöms ha fått för personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning. Resultatet visar att begränsningar i sociala relationer och inskränkningar i sysselsättning och aktiviteter har förekommit under covid-19-pandemin för personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning. Såväl anhöriga som personal noterar markant ökade problem avseende viktökning, stereotypa beteenden, humör/ångest, sömn, utåtagerande och självdestruktivt beteende liksom aggressioner. Smittskyddsinsatser i form av skyddsutrustning och social distansering har tillämpats men anpassad information som förklarar coronaviruset och restriktionerna har inte erbjudits alla. Flertalet som lever med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning är kontinuerligt beroende av stöd i sitt vardagsliv och möter därför dagligen många personer och riskerar i och med det att utsättas för smitta. För att kunna utveckla strategier för framtida pandemier eller kriser behövs mer kunskap om hur en pandemi som covid-19 påverkar personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning, fysiskt, psykiskt och socialt. Denna studie betonar vikten av att utveckla kunskaper och förberedelser för framtida pandemier för att förhindra social isolering och negativa hälsoeffekter för personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning.
Erfarenheter av krishantering i biståndshandläggningsmöten med äldre personer under covid-19 pandemin
Authors: Holmström Ebba , Andersson Katarina
Published: June 2022

Bakgrund: Socionomer är en viktig profession i samhällets sociala skyddsnät och verksamma i många möten med sårbara grupper i kris. Den pågående globala coronapandemin är en stor kris som drabbat världen och speciellt äldre personer har drabbats hårt av pandemins konsekvenser.

Syfte: Studiens syfte var att undersöka och beskriva biståndshandläggares/socionomers erfarenheter av krishantering och möten med äldre personer under covid-19-pandemin.

Metod: En kvalitativ design med individuella semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes. Deltagarna rekryterades med ett ändamålsenligt urval och åtta biståndshandläggare intervjuades i en kommun i norra Sverige. Intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

Resultat: Tre kategorier identifierades: erfarenhet av egen krishantering, nya perspektiv i arbetet, erfarenhet av kommunens krishantering och samhällsansvar.

Slutsats: Ett nytt arbetssätt har identifierats som innebär arbete på distans i hemmet. Äldre personers delaktighet i sin egen omsorg har minskat och försvårats under pandemin samt ensamhet, isolering, psykisk ohälsa och egenvald vanvård har ökat. Tjänsteutbudet har förändrats som en följd av distansarbete och pandemin och utbildningsbehov i krishantering har identifierats.
”De där läxorna i slutet av trean. Hoppa inte dem.”
Authors: Johansson Maritha , Persson Tove
Published: June 2022

När de första åren i grundskolan är avklarade och nästa steg ska tas är det mycket som är nytt: ny lärare, nya klasskamrater och kanske en ny skola. Dessutom ökar svårighetsgraden i de olika ämnena. Lärarna vid Rimforsa skola i Östergötland har i ett skolutvecklingsprojekt inom ramen för den statliga satsningen på Utveckling, Lärande Forskning (ULF) arbetat med att försöka överbrygga glappet mellan årskurs 3 och 4 i ämnet engelska.
Ett utvecklingsinriktat ledarskap av klassrumsbeteende
Authors: Lewis Ramon
Published: June 2022

Ledarskap i klassrummet (på engelska Classroom Management) tycks för många pedagoger helt enkelt innebära en process som går ut på att hålla ordning i klassrummet. En ordning som skyddar både lärare och elever och möjliggör lärande för eleverna i teore­tiska ämnen, som första och andra språk, matematik och naturvetenskap, såväl som i estetiska ämnen. Detta kan åstadkommas genom att göra eleverna lydiga och följsamma, och generellt sett framstår denna inställning som normativ
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Anticoagulants for Atrial Fibrillation Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rhee Tae-Min , Lee So-Ryoung , Choi Eue-Keun , Oh Seil , Lip Gregory Y. H.
Published: June 2022

Background

Data on different direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with renal impairment are insufficient. We aimed to perform pairwise and network meta-analysis comparing oral anticoagulants (OACs) in AF patients with renal impairment, including advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) with creatinine clearance <30 mL/min.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database, and references of related articles were searched up to April 2021. We included randomized trials and non-randomized studies using propensity-score or multivariable-model adjustments that compared clinical outcomes among OACs. Hazard ratios (HRs) for stroke or thromboembolism, major bleeding, and all-cause death were pooled using random-effects model.

Results

From 19 studies, 124,628 patients were included. In patients with AF and CKD, DOACs presented significantly lower risks of stroke or thromboembolism [HRpooled = 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.73–0.85, I2 = 16.6%] and major bleeding [HRpooled = 0.76 (0.64–0.89), I2 = 85.7%] when compared with warfarin, regardless of the severity of renal impairment. Results were consistent in advanced CKD patients for stroke or thromboembolism [HRpooled = 0.60 (0.43–0.85), I2 = 0.0%] and major bleeding [HRpooled = 0.74 (0.59–0.93), I2 = 30.4%]. In the network meta-analysis, edoxaban and apixaban presented the highest rank probability to reduce the risk of stroke or thromboembolism (edoxaban, P-score = 94.5%) and major bleeding (apixaban, P-score = 95.8%), respectively. Apixaban remained the safest OAC with the highest rank probability for major bleeding (P-score = 96.9%) in patients with advanced CKD.

Conclusion

DOACs, particularly apixaban and edoxaban, presented superior efficacy and safety than warfarin in AF patients with CKD. Apixaban was associated with the lowest risk of major bleeding among OACs for patients with advanced CKD.

Systematic Review Registration

[PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42021241718].
Intensity Dependent Effects of Interval Resistance Training on Myokines and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Males With Obesity
Authors: Ataeinosrat Ali , Saeidi Ayoub , Abednatanzi Hossein , Rahmani Hiwa , Daloii Asieh Abbassi , Pashaei Zhaleh , Hojati Vida , Basati Gholam , Mossayebi Ali , Laher Ismail , Alesi Michaela G. , Hackney Anthony C. , VanDusseldorp Trisha A. , Zouhal Hassane
Published: June 2022

Objective

To determine the effects of different intensities of interval resistance training (IRT) protocols on the levels of select myokines (decorin, follistatin, myostatin, activin A, transforming growth factor beta-1 [TGF-β1]), and cardiometabolic and anthropometric measures in males with obesity.

Methods

Forty-four obese males (age: 27.5 ± 9.4 yr.; height: 165.4 ± 2.8 cm; weight: 97.9 ± 2.6 kg and BMI: 35.7 ± 4.3 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n=11 per group): low-intensity interval resistance training (LIIRT), moderate-intensity interval resistance training (MIIRT), high-intensity interval resistance training (HIIRT) or control (C). The LIIRT group performed 10 exercises in 3 sets of 40% (20 repetitions), the MIIRT group performed 10 exercises in three sets of 60% (13 repetitions), and the HIIRT group performed 10 exercises in three sets of 80% (10 repetitions) of one maximum repetition (1RM), which were followed with active rest of 20% of 1RM and 15 repetitions. The resistance training groups exercised ~70 min per session, 3 days per week, for 12 weeks. Measurements were taken at baseline and after 12 weeks of exercise training.

Results

Baseline levels of myokines, cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometry, body composition, and cardio-respiratory fitness were not different between the four groups (p>0.05). The group x time interactions for decorin, activin A, follistatin, myostatin, and TGF-β1, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density cholesterol (HDL), low-density cholesterol (LDL), anthropometry, body composition, and cardio-respiratory fitness were statistically significant (p<0.05). There were increases in post-test values for decorin, follistatin, HDL (p<0.05) and decreases in TC, TG, TGF-β1, LDL, and myostatin levels in the LIIRT, MIIRT, and HIIRT groups compared to pretest values (p<0.05). Changes in fat mass, VO2peak,HDL, TG, glucose, activin A, decorin were not significant in LIIRT compared to the control group, while changes in activin A, follistatin, and TFG-β1 levels were greater in HIIRT and MIIRT groups compared to the LIIRT group (p<0.05).

Conclusion

The LIIRT, MIIRT, and HIIRT protocols all produced beneficial changes in decorin, activin A, follistatin, myostatin, and TGF-β1 levels, and cardiometabolic risk factors, with greater effects from the MIIRT and HIIRT protocols compared to LIIRT.
MRI Assessment of Cardiac Function and Morphology in Adult Patients With Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bioletto Fabio , Prencipe Nunzia , Berton Alessandro Maria , Bona Chiara , Parasiliti-Caprino Mirko , Faletti Riccardo , Ghigo Ezio , Grottoli Silvia , Gasco Valentina
Published: June 2022

Background

Adult GH deficiency (GHD) has been described as a heterogeneous condition characterized by many clinical modifications, such as metabolic alterations, impaired quality of life, and increased mortality. The clinical relevance of cardiac involvement remains, however, only partially elucidated.

Methods

PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane library, OVID and CINAHL databases were systematically searched until February 2022 for studies evaluating cardiac function and morphology by magnetic resonance imaging in adult patients with GHD. Effect sizes were pooled through a random-effect model.

Results

Four studies were considered in the meta-analysis. With respect to the left ventricle, GHD patients were characterized by a lower stroke-volume-index (-3.6 ml/m2, standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.60, 95%CI [-1.15,-0.05], p=0.03), lower end-diastolic-volume-index (-6.2 ml/m2, SMD -0.54, 95%CI [-0.97,-0.10], p=0.02) and, after accounting for possible biases, lower mass-index (-15.0 g/m2, SMD -1.03, 95%CI [-1.89,-0.16], p=0.02). With respect to the right ventricle, a lower end-diastolic-volume-index (-16.6 ml/m2, SMD -1.04, 95%CI [-2.04,-0.03], p=0.04) and a borderline-significant lower stroke-volume-index (-5.0 ml/m2, SMD -0.84, 95%CI [-1.77,0.08], p=0.07) could be observed. Data about the effect of GH replacement therapy highlighted a significant increase in left ventricular mass-index after treatment initiation (+3.7 g/m2, 95%CI [1.6,5.7], p<0.01).

Conclusion

With respect to the left ventricle, our results confirmed those retrieved by echocardiographic studies. In addition, significant alterations were demonstrated also for the right ventricle, for which echocardiographic data are nearly absent. This supports the thesis of a biventricular cardiac involvement in patients with GHD, with a similar pattern of morphological and functional alterations in both ventricles.
Global Patterns and Drivers of Litter Decomposition Under Nitrogen Enrichment: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Su Yuan , Ma Xiaofei , Gong Yanming , Ahmed Zeeshan , Han Wenxuan , Li Kaihui , Liu Xuejun
Published: June 2022

Nitrogen (N) enrichment has substantially altered patterns of terrestrial litter decomposition, with positive, neutral, and negative effects. However, the general response patterns and drivers of litter decomposition to N enrichment rates are poorly understood, and how litter decomposition has changed under the N enrichment rate, especially in different ecosystems, still requires further study. We reviewed 118 published papers dealing with litter mass remaining after N enrichment to assess the influences of various environmental and experimental factors on the relationships between N enrichment and litter decomposition in grasslands, forests, and wetland ecosystems. The results indicated that N enrichment had an insignificant effect on litter decomposition globally. However, the effects varied greatly among ecosystem types, with an increase in litter decomposition of 3.91% in grasslands and 1.82% in wetlands and a decrease of 1.23% in forests. When forests were subdivided into plantations, primary, and secondary forests, the results showed that N enrichment significantly slowed litter decomposition rate by 2.96% in plantations but had no significant influence in primary and secondary forests. However, litter decomposition was significantly influenced by the level of N addition in plantations and secondary forests, with an increase in litter mass loss at low N addition (50 kg N ha–1 year–1) and a decrease in litter mass loss at high N addition (>50 kg N ha–1 year–1). The magnitude and direction of the N effect are affected by experimental and environmental factors. Specifically, mixed N enrichment (for example, urea and glycine) exerted a stronger effect on litter decomposition compared with an N fertilizer alone. Our findings indicated the different effects of N on litter decomposition in forests and grasslands and knowledge which will greatly advance our ability to accurately evaluate and predict global C cycling under increased N deposition, which should improve future models of global biogeochemical cycling.
Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reprogram M1 Macrophage Metabolism via PHD2/HIF-1α Pathway in Colitis Mice
Authors: Yuan Yin , Ni Shuo , Zhuge Aoxiang , Li Lanjuan , Li Bo
Published: June 2022

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease worldwide. Infiltration of pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1 macrophages) contributes to the occurrence of bowel inflammation. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising therapeutic strategy for UC, but the exact mechanism remains unknow yet. Here, we treated DSS-induced colitis mice with adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and revealed that ADMSCs alleviated colon inflammation by reducing the infiltration of M1 macrophages. Moreover, ADMSCs exerted this therapeutic effect by inhibiting succinate accumulation, increasing PHD2 to prevent M1 macrophages from overexpressing HIF-1α and thereby reprogramming the glycolytic pathway of M1 macrophages. Meanwhile, the succinate secreted by M1 macrophages triggered ADMSCs to secrete PGE2 in return, which could also shift macrophages from M1 phenotype to M2. Our work demonstrated an immunomodulatory effect of ADMSCs and provided a novel perspective on UC therapy.
Thymus Functionality Needs More Than a Few TECs
Authors: Bhalla Pratibha , Su Dong-Ming , van Oers Nicolai S. C.
Published: June 2022

The thymus, a primary lymphoid organ, produces the T cells of the immune system. Originating from the 3rd pharyngeal pouch during embryogenesis, this organ functions throughout life. Yet, thymopoiesis can be transiently or permanently damaged contingent on the types of systemic stresses encountered. The thymus also undergoes a functional decline during aging, resulting in a progressive reduction in naïve T cell output. This atrophy is evidenced by a deteriorating thymic microenvironment, including, but not limited, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions, fibrosis and adipogenesis. An exploration of cellular changes in the thymus at various stages of life, including mouse models of in-born errors of immunity and with single cell RNA sequencing, is revealing an expanding number of distinct cell types influencing thymus functions. The thymus microenvironment, established through interactions between immature and mature thymocytes with thymus epithelial cells (TEC), is well known. Less well appreciated are the contributions of neural crest cell-derived mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, diverse hematopoietic cell populations, adipocytes, and fibroblasts in the thymic microenvironment. In the current review, we will explore the contributions of the many stromal cell types participating in the formation, expansion, and contraction of the thymus under normal and pathophysiological processes. Such information will better inform approaches for restoring thymus functionality, including thymus organoid technologies, beneficial when an individuals’ own tissue is congenitally, clinically, or accidentally rendered non-functional.
Analysis of lncRNA and mRNA Repertoires in Lung From BAFF-R-Deficient Pneumocystis-Infected Mice
Authors: Rong Heng-Mo , Zhang Chao , Rong Guang-Sheng , Li Ting , Qian Xiao-Jun , Wang Dong , Tong Zhao-Hui
Published: June 2022

Background

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a common medical issue in immunosuppressive patients. Increasing evidence supports that B cells may play an essential role in PCP individuals. The present study aims to integrate lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles and further investigate the molecular function of mature B cells in PCP.

Methods

The lung tissue of wild-type (WT) mice and B-cell-activating factor receptor–deficient (mature B-cell deficiency, BAFF-R–/–) mice were harvested at 3 weeks after being infected with pneumocystis. After total RNAs were extracted, transcriptome profiling was performed following the Illumina HiSeq 3000 protocol. lncRNA-targeted miRNA pairs were predicted using the online databases. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment pathways were analyzed to functionally annotate these differentially expressed genes. Additionally, the immune-related lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA–ceRNA network was subsequently performed. The quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis was conducted to evaluate the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in WT-PCP mice and BAFF-R–/– PCP mice.

Results

Compared with the control group, 166 mRNAs were observed to be aberrantly expressed (fold change value ≥2; P <0.05) in the BAFF-R–/– PCP group, including 39 upregulated and 127 downregulated genes, while there were 69 lncRNAs differently expressed in the BAFF-R–/– PCP group, including 15 upregulated and 54 downregulated genes. In addition, GO and KEGG pathway analyses showed that BAFF-R deficiency played an important role in the primary and adaptive immune responses in PCP. Furthermore, the lncRNA and mRNA co-expression network was established. We noted that the core network of lncRNA-TF (transcription factor) pairs could be classified into the categories including infection and immunity pathways.

Conclusion

In summary, in this study, we further explored the role of mature B cells in the pathogenesis and progression of PCP and the data demonstrated that BAFF-R deficiency could play a significant role in immune regulation in the PCP population.
mTORC1 Inhibition Protects Human Regulatory T Cells From Granzyme-B-Induced Apoptosis
Authors: Eskandari Siawosh K. , Allos Hazim , Al Dulaijan Basmah S. , Melhem Gandolina , Sulkaj Ina , Alhaddad Juliano B. , Saad Anis J. , Deban Christa , Chu Philip , Choi John Y. , Kollar Branislav , Pomahac Bohdan , Riella Leonardo V. , Berger Stefan P. , Sanders Jan S. F. , Lieberman Judy , Li Li , Azzi Jamil R.
Published: June 2022

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have shown great promise as a means of cellular therapy in a multitude of allo- and auto-immune diseases—due in part to their immunosuppressive potency. Nevertheless, the clinical efficacy of human Tregsin patients has been limited by their poorin vivohomeostasis. To avert apoptosis, Tregsrequire stable antigenic (CD3ζ/T-cell-receptor-mediated), co-stimulatory (CD28-driven), and cytokine (IL-2-dependent) signaling. Notably, this sequence of signals supports an activated Tregphenotype that includes a high expression of granzymes, particularly granzyme B (GrB). Previously, we have shown that aside from the functional effects of GrB in lysing target cells to modulate allo-immunity, GrB can leak out of the intracellular lysosomal granules of host Tregs, initiating pro-apoptotic pathways. Here, we assessed the role of inhibiting mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a recently favored drug target in the transplant field, in regulating human TregapoptosisviaGrB. Usingex vivomodels of human Tregculture and a humanized mouse model of human skin allotransplantation, we found that by inhibiting mTORC1 using rapamycin, intracytoplasmic expression and functionality of GrB diminished in host Tregs; lowering human Tregapoptosis by in part decreasing the phosphorylation of S6K and c-Jun. These findings support the already clinically validated effects of mTORC1 inhibition in patients, most notably their stabilization of Tregbioactivity andin vivohomeostasis.