bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Removal of phenols-like substances in pharmaceutical wastewater with fungal bioreactors by adding Trametes versicolor
Authors: Bernats M. , Juhna T.
Published: September 2018

Fungi are known to be more resistant to toxic compounds and more effective in removing recalcitrant organics such as phenols than bacteria. Here we examined the removal of phenols (as a component of Zopliclone drugs), added to non-sterile pharmaceutical wastewater with continuous treatment fungal bioreactor by its augmentation with mono-species of white-rot fungi (WRF) Trametes versicolor. Results showed that WRF in a sterile reactor (a batch mode) were moderately effective for removal of phenols (40% in seven days); however, native wastewater microbes at optimal conditions for fungi (pH 5.5, 25 °C) were more effective (90%, both in batch and continuous flow modes). In continuous flow mode, addition of WRF was an effective way to mitigate high loads of phenols (up to 400 mg/L), by both fungal enzymes (growth rate 0.075 h−1, laccase enzymatic activity 4 nkat/mL) and biosorption. The study confirmed that naturaly occuring fungi in combination with fungus-augmentation is an effective approach for treatment of high-strength pharmaceutical wastewater.
Application of hybrid bead, persimmon leaf and chitosan for the treatment of aqueous solution contaminated with toxic heavy metal ions
Authors: Yu Sung-Whan , Choi Hee-Jeong
Published: September 2018

In this study, hybrid beads, which are made by mixing persimmon leaf and chitosan, was used to remove Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution. According to the Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) analysis, the hybrid bead has a structure that enables the easy adsorption of heavy metals because it has carboxylic, carbonyl groups, O-H carboxylic acid, and bonded -OH groups. The adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by hybrid beads was more suitable with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption and showed an ion exchange reaction which occurred in the uneven adsorption surface layer. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) and Cd(II) was determined to be 278.68 mg/g and 87.91 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption removal process of Pb(II) and Cd(II) using hybrid beads is a spontaneous exothermic reaction and the affinity of the adsorbed material for the adsorbent is excellent. Hybrid beads are inexpensive, have a high removal efficiency of heavy metals, and are environmentally friendly.
Recovery of ammonia in anaerobic digestate using vacuum thermal stripping – acid absorption process: scale-up considerations
Authors: Tao Wendong , Ukwuani Anayo T. , Agyeman Fred
Published: September 2018

A vacuum thermal stripping process coupled with acid absorption has been developed at laboratory scale to recover ammonia in anaerobic digestate. To make this ammonia recovery process scalable, this study investigated the effects of feed depth on vacuum thermal stripping in a pilot system, developed sodium hydroxide dosages required to raise feed pH for stripping, and simulated the dynamics of ammonia reduction in batch stripping tests. As feed depth was increased from 8.5 to 34.0 cm, the ammonia mass transfer coefficient and ammonia stripping efficiency decreased while the mass of stripped ammonia increased. Digested municipal sludge had a greater ammonia mass transfer coefficient than digested dairy manure at each feed depth, which could be attributed to the difference in suspended and dissolved solids concentrations. The optimum feed depth was 18 cm of the digested sludge and 14 cm of the digested manure. Sodium hydroxide dosage for the digested manure was higher than that for the digested sludge and co-digested foodwaste. The dosages were correlated to concentrations of total dissolved solids and ammonia. Total ammonia concentration decreased exponentially in batch stripping of the digested sludge at 25.5 cm deep, with a first-order stripping rate coefficient of 0.087–0.144 h−1.
Performance of enhanced biological phosphorus removal and population dynamics of phosphorus accumulating organisms in sludge-shifting sequencing batch reactors
Authors: Pan Yang , Ruan Wenquan , Huang Yong , Chen Qianqian , Miao Hengfeng , Wang Tao
Published: September 2018

The sludge-shifting sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is an enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process for wastewater treatment. In this study, the enrichment of phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) will be attempted by using different high concentration of substrates. In sludge-shifting SBR, activated sludge can be continuously shifted from the bottom of SBR to anaerobic zone/selector, which contains high concentration of substrates, through an orderly reflux between the paralleled SBRs. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) methods were used to monitor microbial diversity in sludge. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to determine the microbial population profile and distribution map under different sludge shifting volumes. The synthesis of intracellular polymers in this process was also analyzed. Phosphorus removal efficiency as high as 96% ± 1.3% was achieved under a sludge shifting ratio of 30%. Synthetic efficiencies of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by PAOs were improved at high sludge shifting ratios. FISH results demonstrated that the population of PAOs in the process increased under properly sludge shifting ratio and it significantly improved phosphorus removal efficiency. Sequencing results indicated that determined sequences (11 OTUs) belonged to Proteobacterium, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, Pseudomonas kuykendallii, which played an important role in the process of P removal.
Treatment of methyl orange by the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation process in batch and continuous fixed bed reactors using Fe-impregnated 13X as catalyst
Authors: Liu Jian , Peng Gang , Jing Xia , Yi Zhengji
Published: September 2018

Fe-impregnated 13X (Fe-13X) catalysts were prepared for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of methyl orange (MO) solution in batch and continuous fixed bed reactors. A systematical study was carried out to investigate the influence of the main operating parameters on the batch reactor performance. The kinetic curves were analyzed by using a pseudo-first-order kinetic equation over the 30–70 °C temperature range. In addition, the effects of catalysts filling amount and feed flow rate on the catalytic performance of Fe-13X catalysts in a fixed bed reactor were studied. The experimental results showed that the Fe-13X catalysts achieved the highest activity (100% MO conversion and 74.5% chemical oxygen demand (COD) elimination ratio, respectively) at 25 min with trace mount of Fe leaching concentration (<2.1 mg/L) at the optimized reaction conditions (namely 1.0 g/L catalyst concentration, pH 2.0, 17.6 mM H2O2, 70 °C) in a batch reactor. Kinetic studies showed that two different reaction regions existed, and an activation energy of 51.9 kJ/mol for the second region was found. Under the optimal operating conditions found (namely, catalysts filling amount of 3.5 g, feed flow rate of 4 mL/min), the Fe-13X catalysts displayed high MO conversion (99.4%) and COD elimination ratio (77.1%) after continuously ran for 200 min in a fixed bed reactor.
Application of online instrumentation in industrial wastewater treatment plants – a survey in Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Cornelissen R. , Van Dyck T. , Dries J. , Ockier P. , Smets I. , Van den Broeck R. , Van Hulle S. , Feyaerts M.
Published: September 2018

A survey regarding online instrumentation and control was conducted among 90 companies managing their own biological wastewater treatment plant in Flanders, Belgium. In this study, all types of online instrumentation have been found suitable for automatic process control. However, its integration in general process control as well as in nitrogen removal and chemical dosing control appeared to be rather limited. Only dissolved oxygen and pH sensors were widely applied, being present in 96% and 69% of the plants, respectively. Widespread process integration is mainly obstructed by the fact that companies, especially small and medium-sized, still do not regard wastewater treatment as a full-fledged part of the production process. Operators often lack technical expertise in this domain and tend to be skeptical towards automated control mechanisms. In addition, the price of online instrumentation is still perceived as too high, in particular at smaller companies. Lastly, the design of the existing wastewater treatment plant does not always allow for real-time control. Certain measures such as operator training, monitoring of energy and chemical consumption and reduction of instrumentation costs are essential for widespread application of online process control in future years. Additionally, water reuse can create an important incentive.
Hydrodynamic performance of a hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor (HABR): effects of number of chambers, hydraulic retention time, and influent temperature
Authors: Khalekuzzaman Md , Hasan Mehedi , Haque Rezaul , Alamgir Muhammed
Published: September 2018

Hydrodynamic performance of a biological reactor is an important design concern since it directly affects the treatment efficiency. In this research, a hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor (HABR) was proposed with improved design concepts and principles. The HABR consisted of a front sedimentation chamber, four regular baffled chambers followed by two floated filter media chambers. The effects of operating variables 5–20 hr hydraulic retention time (HRT) and 10–40 °C of influent temperature, as well as their interactive effects, on the hydrodynamic behaviour were investigated by residence time distributions study and response surface methodology. The study suggests that the hydrodynamic performance is greatly influenced by the number of chambers in the reactor rather than HRT and influent temperature. The influence of HRT and feed temperature were mainly observed on the front chambers (1–4) rather than rear chambers (5–7). The optimum reactor performance – low dead space (<10%), excellent hydraulic efficiency (>0.75), and intermediate mixing pattern (Peclet number > 10) – were achieved using the proposed HABR with more than five chambers.
Two New Chalcone Glycoside Compounds from Viburnum lantana (Family Caprifoliaceae) and Antioxidant Activity of its Hydroalcoholic Extract
Authors: Shafaghat Ali , Shafaghatlonbar Mohammad
Published: September 2018

In the present study, two novel chalcone glycosides, trans-3-ethoxy-4-O-(glucopyranoside)
-2', 3', 4', 5', 6' -pentahydroxy chalcone (compound 1) and trans-3-methoxy-4-O-(glucopyranoside) -2',
3', 4', 5', 6' -pentahydroxy chalcone (compound 2) have been isolated from the leaves of Viburnum lantana
L. The structures were elucidated by using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR such as HMQC,
HMBC and NOE experiments and UV-Vis, MS and IR spectra. The antioxidant property of hydroalcoholic
extract was evaluated by DPPH style. The results revealed that the leave extract possesses significant
antioxidant activity (IC50 = 52 µg/mL). This study indicates that hydroalcoholic extract of the
leaves from this species is an important source of chalcone and flavonoid derivatives, as well as of useful
natural antioxidants. These chalcone glycoside compounds were isolated for the first time from
V. lantana leaves.
Temperature Dependent Green Synthesis of 3-Carboxycoumarins and 3,4-unsubstituted Coumarins
Authors: Schijndel Jack van , Molendijk Dennis , Canalle Luiz Alberto , Rump Erik Theodorus , Meuldijk Jan
Published: September 2018

Aim and Objective: Because of the low abundance of 3,4-unsubstituted coumarins in plants combined
with the complex purification process required, synthetic routes towards 3,4-unsubstituted coumarins are
especially valuable. In the present work, we explore the possibilities of a solvent-free Green Knoevenagel condensation
on various 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde derivatives and malonic acid without the use of toxic organocatalysts
like pyridine and piperidine but only use ammonium bicarbonate as the catalyst.

Materials and Methods:

To investigate the scope of the Green Knoevenagel condensation for the synthesis of
3,4-unsubstituted coumarins, various 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde derivatives were screened as starting material in
the optimized two-step procedure developed for 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde.

Results: This study shows that the intramolecular esterification and the decarboxylation are in competition, but
show different temperature optima. In order to suppress premature decarboxylation and maximize the yield of
coumarin, a two-step procedure was adopted. The reaction mixture containing ammonium bicarbonate is initially
kept at 90ºC for 1 hour. After completion of the cyclization, the temperature of the reaction mixture is
increased to 140ºC for 2 hours. Following this protocol, coumarin could be isolated with a yield of 95%.

Conclusion:

A two-step procedure for the solvent-free synthesis of several 3,4-unsubstituted coumarins was
developed using ammonium bicarbonate, resulting in high yields of the desired products. Moreover, this procedure
has a low E-factor and is, therefore an environmental friendly reaction in line with the principles of
Green Chemistry. It was shown that by initially capping the temperature at 90ºC, premature decarboxylation
can be suppressed. After full conversion to the intermediate 3-carboxycoumarin, the temperature can be increased
to 140ºC finalizing the reaction. Ammonium bicarbonate was shown to catalyze both the Green
Knoevenagel condensation and the decarboxylation step.
Effect of Kangaroo Mother Care on Successful Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Ghojazadeh Morteza , Hajebrahimi Sakineh , Pournaghi-Azar Fatemeh , Mohseni Mohammad , Derakhshani Naser , Azami-Aghdash Saber
Published: September 2018

Background & Aims: Evaluating the effect of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on breastfeeding
success shows conflicting results. Regarding the importance of breastfeeding and uncertainties
about its effect, this study intended to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of
randomised controlled trials on the effect of KMC on success of breastfeeding.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis study, required data were collected by searching
the following keywords: breastfeeding, Breast-Feeding, “skin-to-skin”, “Kangaroo Mother Care”,
randomized clinical trial. The following databases were searched: Google Scholar, PubMed, EMBASE,
Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Two authors independently extracted
the data. To estimate the Breast-Feeding outcome variables, CMA2 software was used. The
risk of bias of studies was assessed with the criteria developed in the Cochrane Handbook.

Results:

Twenty articles were included. In the KMC and CNC groups, 1,432 and 1,410 neonates
were examined. Breastfeeding success rate was higher in the KMC group within different time slots,
however this difference was not statistically significant (RR=1.11(95CI, 0.93-1.34) and
RR=1.13(95%CI, 0.92-1.34) based on the time slot and birth weight, respectively). The inter-groups
differences in the mean scores of Infant Breast-Feeding Assessment Tool (IBFAT) were statistically
significant (P<0.05). Breastfeeding was initiated very sooner in the KMC group, suggesting a statistically
significant inter-groups difference -0.72(95%CI, from -0.92 to -0.53) (P<0.05). Majority of
the studies had a high risk of bias.

Conclusion:

Findings indicated a superiority of KMC over CNC in terms of breastfeeding success.
Assessment of the complications and costs of KMC implementation is recommended.
Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide Concentration by use of Carbon Nanotubes and 1-allyl-3-Methylimidazolium Bromide
Authors: Parsafar Nahid , Banaei Aghdas
Published: September 2018

Objective:

In this research, carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes were used to construct working and counter electrodes of the electrochemical gas sensor. The 1-allyl-3- methylimidazolium bromides which is a hydrophilic room temperature ionic liquid was used as the electrolyte. Finally, the sensor was used to measure hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide in the air.

Methods:

The electrochemical method was used to measure the hydrogen sulfide concentration. To record sensor response, chronoamperometry was performed. Also, impedance spectroscopy of screen printed electrodes modified with MWCNTs-COOH was done. The working electrode was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Results:

In the range of 0.6 ppm to 10 ppm, the sensor had a linear behavior and its sensitivity was 0.3716 µA / ppm. The results of the FESEM, EDX and FTIR analysis confirm the desired structure of the working electrode. Impedance spectroscopy shows that by using ionic liquid electrolyte the impedance is less than the case of the sulfuric acid electrolyte.

Conclusion:

The use of ionic liquid as an electrolyte can increase the sensor sensitivity about 141% with respect to sulfuric acid as the electrolyte, in 0.6 ppm to 10 ppm concentration range of H2S gas. Also, the sensor response to hydrogen sulfide is more than one thousand times greater than its response to carbon monoxide per 1 ppm of gas.
Reproducción sexual de Quercus macdougallii, un encino endémico de la Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca
Authors: Clark-Tapia Ricardo , Mendoza Ochoa Ana , Aguirre-Hidalgo Víctor , Antúnez Pablo , Campos Contreras Jorge Eduardo , Valencia-A. Susana , Luna-Krauletz María Delfina , Alfonso-Corrado Cecilia Liana
Published: September 2018

Quercus macdougallii Martínez es una especie endémica y amenazada de la Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca, México, que requiere de aplicar estrategias de preservación in situ de sus poblaciones para promover su permanencia a largo plazo. Para lograrlo, es necesario conocer los mecanismos de reproducción sexual de esta especie. Este trabajo, analiza factores que afectan el establecimiento y el crecimiento de plántulas de Q. macdougallii, con la finalidad de dar recomendaciones para su preservación in situ. El estudio se realizó de 2009 a 2010 y consistió en cuantificar la producción de bellotas, estimar porcentajes de depredación y parasitismo, estimar germinación de bellotas y evaluar el crecimiento y la supervivencia de plántulas. Los primeros dos objetivos se realizaron en condiciones de campo y laboratorio, mientras que el tercer objetivo solo fue analizado en condiciones de laboratorio. Paralelamente, se realizó un experimento para estimar el éxito de un plan de reforestación realizado tanto en condiciones de disturbio, como en condiciones sin distubio. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la especie estudiada presenta una producción promedio de 1735 ± 832 bellotas, una baja depredación por consumo (< 7%) y un parasitismo de 8.7%. La germinación y el crecimiento en campo y en laboratorio fueron mayores en bellotas grandes (> 1.701 g) que en medianas (1.045 g - 1.70 g) y pequeñas (0.350 g - 1.044 g), con un porcentaje de germinación promedio de 50%. La supervivencia de plántulas fue de 10% en sitios con disturbio y de 75% en condiciones sin disturbios. Se sugiere recolectar bellotas grandes para realizar programas de reforestación; para ello, es recomendable poner a germinar las bellotas en el laboratorio, dejarlas crecer durante seis meses y trasplantarlas al inicio de la época de lluvia y bajo el dosel de árboles madre.
Ecuaciones de volumen para estimar la producción maderable de Hevea brasiliensis Müell Arg. en plantaciones de etapas adulta y vejez
Authors: Gómez González Juan Pablo , Domínguez-Domínguez Marivel , Martínez-Zurimendi Pablo , Ramírez Valverde Gustavo
Published: September 2018

Ante la necesidad de valorar el aprovechamiento de la madera de hule se ha generado una ecuación para la estimación de volúmenes maderables a través de modelos. Se realizó un inventario dasométrico en 11 plantaciones de hule (Hevea brasiliensis Müell Arg.) establecidas en Huimanguillo, Tabasco. Las plantaciones presentaron edades de 25 años a 51 años, densidades de establecimiento de plantación de 570 árboles por hectárea; diámetro promedio 31.35 cm; promedio de altura dominante 27.25 m; área basal promedio 49.82 m² ha-1; altura comercial 13.29 m; altura de Pressler 9.74; volumen maderable de Pressler con corteza 1.47 m3 árbol-1; índice de Reineke de 876. La ecuación de volumen se ajustó considerando la forma del árbol a través del volumen de Pressler, para obtener volumen de fuste en pie. Se ajustaron modelos de volumen de Berkhout, Kopezky, Hohenadl-Krenn, Husch, Spurr, Stoate, Meyer, Schumacher y Polinómico de tercer grado. Aplicando la validación cruzada, el modelo de Kopezky presentó mejor coeficiente de determinación con alta confiabilidad. Este modelo se podrá emplear para estimar volumen de árboles, generar tarifa de cubicación y evaluar el potencial productivo para el aprovechamiento maderable del hule H. brasiliensis en Tabasco, en un intervalo de edades de 25 años a 51 años (etapa adulta y vejez)
Ecuaciones generalizadas altura-diámetro para bosques de Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. en Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Michoacán, México
Authors: Hernández-Ramos Jonathan , García-Magaña J. Jesús , García-Cuevas Xavier , García-Espinoza Guadalupe Geraldine , Hernández-Ramos Adrián , Muñoz-Flores Hipólito Jesús , Martínez-Salvador Martín
Published: September 2018

La estimación precisa de la altura total de los árboles es fundamental para el manejo forestal, pero la medición de todos los individuos en un inventario es prácticamente imposible por los tiempos y costos que genera. El objetivo de este trabajo fue ajustar una ecuación generalizada que estime la altura total como una función del diámetro normal (h-d) para bosques de Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl., en la comunidad indígena de Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Michoacán. Con datos de 158 sitios de inventario forestal, se ajustaron 12 modelos generalizados de h-d. El modelo de Wang y Tang, que incluye el diámetro normal y la altura media dominante, fue el mejor por presentar parámetros significativos, los mínimos valores del cuadrado medio del error, la raíz del cuadrado medio del error y el coeficiente de determinación ajustado. El análisis de puntos de influencia de los residuales estudentizados varió entre 2.5 y -2.5, mientras que la distancia de Cook no mostró problemas. La distribución de residuales fue homocedástica, el valor en la prueba de Durbin-Watson fue de 1.7 y la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk de 0.97. El índice de curtosis fue de -2.35 y la tendencia en la campana de Gauss fue leptocúrtica. El sesgo fue de 0.004 m y la diferencia agregada fue de -0.017%. El modelo seleccionado resultó confiable al estimar la altura total hasta los 60 cm de diámetro y se puede ser empleado en los inventarios forestales para la especie.
Estimating the Velocity of Landslide Movement Using Visco-Plastic Model in Jeruk Sub-village, Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Naing Myat Thu , Fathani Teuku Faisal , Wilopo Wahyu
Published: September 2018

A ground movement occurred in March and November 2017 on the hills and paddy fields in Jeruk Sub-village, Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta Special Province. The landslide movement destroyed two houses in the village and the land is still moving especially in the rainy season. The mitigation of landslide hazard requires understanding of landslide triggering factors and its movement mechanism. This paper applies the slope stability analysis and visco-plastic model to predict the movement mechanism and velocity of a translational landslide. The sliding mass is modeled as a low plasticity silt (homogenous soil). The Limit Equilibrium Method is used to estimate the safety factor, whereas the shear strength parameters on the slip surface were determined by using the back analysis approach. The results of the slope stability analysis showed that the shear strength parameters and the fluctuation of groundwater level strongly influence the stability of the landslide. From visco-plastic model simulation, this slope has slow movement velocity with the range of 11.31 to 175.88 mm/day. It is clarified that the velocity of landslide movement is influenced by soil strength parameters, coefficient of dynamic viscosity, and groundwater level fluctuation.
Polimorfisme V16A Gen MnSOD pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Retinopati
Authors: Tasmini Tasmini , Yudono R. Haryo , Madyan Maliyah
Published: September 2018

Complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) include diabetic retinopathy (RD) both non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The development of RD depends on environmental and genetic factors. MnSOD gene (manganese-superoxid dismutase) is one of the candidate risk factors gene for RD. The presence of V16A MnSOD gene polymorphism results in decrease of mitochondrial MnSOD enzymes expression and triggers the oxidative stress. Hyperglycemia in DM increases oxidative stress in tissues, including the retina resulting in metabolic abnormalities in the retina, which play a role in the development of DM complications, namely diabetic retinopathy. In Indonesia, especially the Javanese tribes in Yogyakarta, there has never been any research on MnSOD gene polymorphism in type 2 diabetes patients with and without retinopathy. Subjects were Poly Endocrine patients and Eye Polyclinic patients of Dr. Sardjito’s General Hospital, 121 subjects consisting of 63 type 2 DM patients without retinopathy were group 1 (KI) and 58 type 2 DM patients with retinopathy were group 2 (KII) (20 NPDR subjects and 38 PDR subjects). V16A polymorphism of MnSOD gene from leukocytes DNA was analyzed by PCR-RFLP method. From 121 DM subjects, 70 subjects with VV genotype were found, 50 subjects with VA genotype and 1 subject with AA genotype. From 63 non-RD DM subjects, 22 subjects with VA genotypes and 41 subjects with VV genotype were found, while in DM with retinopathy (non-PDR, n = 20) found 6 subjects with VA genotype and 14 subjects with VV genotype, and in DM with retinopathy (PDR, n = 38) found 1 subject with AA genotype, 22 subjects with VA genotype and 15 subjects with VV genotype. In DM with retinopathy (NPDR and PDR, n = 58), 1 subject was found with AA genotype, 27 subjects with VA genotype and 29 subjects with VV genotype.
Higher Self-Esteem is Linked to Greater Stereotype Threat Among Academically Low-Achieving Students
Authors: Wang Qi , Yu Guoliang , Pedram Christina , Chen Chuansheng
Published: September 2018

As a stigmatized group, it seems likely that students whose level of academic achievement is low (LA students) would be vulnerable to stereotype threat. Therefore, we conducted a study on the role of stereotype threat and its possible interaction with self-esteem with 182 Chinese LA
junior-high-school students. We developed a paradigm to induce stereotype threat about being LA and tested this in a pilot study, in which participants were asked to perform a mental rotation task while viewing stereotype threat information. In the main study, participants were randomly assigned
to either the stereotype-threat condition or a control condition. Results showed that stereotype threat had a significant effect on LA students’ performance in that (a) participants in the stereotype-threat condition performed worse than those in the control condition did, and (b) the
effect of stereotype threat was greater for high self-esteem individuals than for low self-esteem individuals. There are more aspects of the topic to be explored in future studies.
Classification of Human‐Vehicle Interaction: User Perspectives on Design
Authors: Lee Jung Min , Ju Da Young
Published: September 2018

With the advent of the Internet of Things, scientists expect that the relationship between humans and motor vehicles will become integrated with information and communications technology to a greater extent. We examined the developmental stages of human‐vehicle interaction (HVI)
in the automobile industry and the changes in the relationship between humans and the motor vehicle. In this study we have provided a set of guidelines that enables the designer to classify goods and services applicable to an automobile based on socio-behavioral evaluation. To support this,
we analyzed driving tasks and conducted a focus group interview with 39 people to determine their inherent demands related to motor vehicles. We identified 3 stages of HVI: driver-centric, user-centric, and customer-centric.
Global Leadership Competencies and Knowledge Transfer in Korean Multinational Corporations: Self-Efficacy as a Moderator
Authors: Yoon Dong-yeol , Han Seung-hyun
Published: September 2018

We investigated the effects of global leadership competencies on knowledge transfer, and, in particular, the moderating role of self-efficacy in this relationship. Participants (N = 122) were randomly selected employees of South Korean multinational corporations. They were working
with global stakeholders and were participating in international competency training programs. Results showed that there was a moderating effect of self-efficacy on goal achievement in the relationship between the global leadership competency of innovation and knowledge transfer. Enhancement
of a positive context for social associations and the provision of useful feedback are central for global leaders in the formation of self-efficacy, which precedes knowledge transfer.
Social Preference, Perceived Popularity, Athletic Ability, and Aggression Among South Korean Adolescents
Authors: Kim Kyungsik
Published: September 2018

Social preference, perceived popularity, and aggression have been studied in the past using traditional methods of statistical analysis. To extend the literature in this area, I used social network analysis to investigate the characteristics of students with a high status in networks
of social preference and perceived popularity. I collected data from 283 middle-school students using name generator questionnaires. Most characteristics of students with a high status within the 2 network types were similar to the average characteristics of the sample. Social preference and
perceived popularity were significantly and positively associated with athletic ability and aggression, whereas age was significantly and negatively related to aggression. I identified students of high social status with clear characteristics in the 2 network types. Contrary to findings obtained
in previous research, I found that aggression contributed to social preference. My findings have implications for the development of programs to address popular individuals’ antisocial behavior.
Effect of Marketing Information on Purchase Intention for Proenvironmental Products in China
Authors: Li Yang
Published: September 2018

The focus in this study is on the effect on Chinese consumers’ intention to purchase proenvironmental products of 3 types of marketing information: environmental knowledge relating to a product, information about corporate social responsibility, and descriptive norms about environmental
protection. I also examined the impact of social presence on the consumers’ intention to purchase. I conducted 2 laboratory experiments with 723 participants and findings indicate that each of the 3 kinds of marketing information and social presence had a significantly positive effect
on participants’ purchase intention, and the effect of marketing information on corporate social responsibility and environmental knowledge was weakened when consumers made the decision with social presence. The findings expand research on marketing information of proenvironmental products
and provide insight into the effect of social presence. Suggestions are made for the government and manufacturing managers that may increase Chinese consumer purchase of proenvironmental products.
Transurethral Resection of Prostate (Turp): Surgery Without Using a 3-Way Catheter
Authors: Jones Adam , Ehsanullah Syed Ali , Birring Amerdip , Gascoigne Connor , Singh Sid , Ginepri Andrea , Apakama Ike
Published: September 2018

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) continues to be an effective intervention for certain indications; and this procedure is still one of the most commonly performed in urology. The use of a 3-way catheter with continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) post-TURP is widely practiced in a bid to prevent clot retention. We report our unique experience with the use of 2-way urethral catheters post-TURP surgery.

Methodology

Data was prospectively collected for 143 consecutive patients who underwent a bipolar TURP between July 2015 and October 2017. The following outcomes where measured and compared against the literature: resection time, resected weight, haemoglobin level, hospital stay, catheterization days, transfusion rate and complications.

Results

Two-way 18-French catheters were used in 132/143 (91.7%) patients. The remaining 11/143 (8.3%) patients had a 3-way 22-French catheter and CBI immediately post-TURP. There were no incidences of clot retention requiring a return to theatre. There were 2/132 (1.5%) patients requiring transfusion who received 2-way catheterization. The average resection time was 44.8 (10-100) minutes, with a mean resected weight of 22.8 (2.0-70.0) grams. Post-operatively, we found minimal drop in haemoglobin levels, with a fall of 0.7 g/dL on average, with a range of 0.1-3.4 g/dL. Mean length of stay following TURP was 1.45 days (1-18), and 101/132 (76.5%) of patients had a successful trial without catheter on the first post-operative day.

Conclusion

Our outcomes compare favorably with the published data. This study suggests it may be possible to reduce the cost and resources associated with the use of 3-way catheters and CBI post-TURP surgery by using a 2-way catheter instead. Despite this, appropriate patient selection for this novel technique needs to be adopted. Our results would suggest that patients with smaller prostates or limited resections might be suitable for a 2-way urethral catheter post-TURP.
Microorganismos potencialmente fitopatógenos en aguas de riego proveniente de la cuenca media del rio Bogotá
Authors: Corrales Ramírez Lucía Constanza , Sánchez Leal Ligia Consuelo , Quimbayo Salamanca Melco Esteban
Published: September 2018

Objetivo. Identificar microorganismos fitopatógenos presentes en las aguas utilizadas para riego en la cuenca media del rio Bogotá. Métodos. Las muestras fueron tomadas en doce fincas de la cuenca media y analizadas con la técnica de filtración por membrana. Las bacterias se identificaron por bioquímica y los hongos por claves dicotomas. Resultados. El agua de riego analizada contenía bacterias como: E.coli, P. vulgaris, A. urinae, E. cloacae, B.cereus, S. marcescens, B. brevis, y en cuanto a los hongos se encontraron: Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus., Mucor sp., Rhizopus sp., Penicillium sp. y Fusarium sp. La presencia de estos potenciales fitopatógenos en el agua indican un alto riesgo de contaminación y dispersión de éstos en los cultivos.
La Carrera de Odontología de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba: a 10 años de sus inicios
Authors: Ulloque MJ
Published: September 2018

Desde sus inicios en el año 2008, la Carrera de Odontología de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba ha recorrido un camino de crecimiento sostenido. Desde las diferentes perspectivas institucional, contextual y académica, la propuesta formativa ha podido desarrollarse en un sentido de construcción de identidad, pertinencia y consolidación en el medio educativo, profesional y social. Desde el comienzo a la actualidad, ha contado con un grupo de personas identificadas con la construcción de una propuesta académica cada vez más fortalecida y superadora, que trabaja desde los diferentes espacios y roles con compromiso y pasión.
Dynamics of CEO Disclosure Style
Authors: Bochkay Khrystyna , Chychyla Roman , Nanda Dhananjay (DJ)
Published: September 2018

We examine changes in CEOs' disclosure styles in quarterly earnings conference calls over their tenure. Our longitudinal analysis of newly hired CEOs shows that CEOs' forward-looking disclosures and their disclosures' relative optimism decline in their tenure. Further, externally hired and inexperienced CEOs are more future-oriented, and younger CEOs exhibit greater optimism in their disclosures. We also find that non-CEO executives' disclosure styles remain time-invariant over their CEOs' tenure. Our evidence is consistent with uncertainty reduction about managers' ability over their tenure (1) reducing the demand for and the supply of forward-looking disclosures, and (2) attenuating managerial career concerns leading to the decline in disclosure optimism.

JEL Classifications: D22; D70; D82; D83; L20; M12.
Reforma a la formación inicial docente. Modelo curricular basado en competencias / Reform to the initial teacher training. Curriculum model based on competences
Authors: Cruz Pallares Karina Alejandra
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación es describir y analizar la manera en que se han implementado los planes y programas planteados en la nueva Reforma Curricular para la Educación Normal de 2012 en la Institución Benemérita y Centenaria Escuela Normal del Estado de Chihuahua Profesor Luis Urías Belderráin. Para ello, se eligió como metodología la investigación-acción, la cual se desarrolló en tres ciclos. Entre los resultados más destacados se puede mencionar la incertidumbre que sienten los catedráticos normalistas durante el proceso de implementación del nuevo lineamiento, así como la escasa experiencia para desempañar el rol de tutores en las investigaciones que deben efectuar los estudiantes. Las recomendaciones, por tanto, se enfocan en la necesidad de que la nueva reforma se sustente en un diagnóstico plural y representativo que tome en cuenta la opinión y las particularidades de todos los docentes, así como actividades de acompañamiento que les permitan familiarizarse con los principales cambios que se están intentando fomentar.
Funções estomatognáticas e queimaduras em face e/ou pescoço: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Meurer Bruna Erhardt , Goldfeder Eliane Maria , Luchesi Karen Fontes
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Descrever as alterações nas funções do sistema estomatognático de indivíduos que sofreram queimaduras em face e/ou pescoço. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e busca manual, utilizando-se os descritores: queimadura (burn), deglutição (deglutition), mastigação (mastigation), respiração (respiration), fala (speech), sucção (sucking, suction). Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2008 e 2018 que descreveram funções estomatognáticas após queimaduras em face e/ou pescoço. Para análise, foram extraídas informações quanto ao número de participantes, sexo, idade, etiologia e grau da queimadura, superfície corporal queimada e características de funções estomatognáticas pós-queimadura. Resultados: Dos 377 artigos identificados nas bases de dados, oito foram selecionados. Além destes, três foram selecionados por meio de busca manual, totalizando a inclusão de 11 artigos. A maioria dos participantes era do sexo masculino, com idade entre dois e 85 anos. Foram descritas queimaduras com superfície corporal queimada entre cinco e 80%, de primeiro a terceiro grau, sendo a maioria queimadura térmica. Seis artigos descreveram alteração na deglutição, cinco relataram alteração na respiração, três na articulação da fala, dois na mastigação e dois referiram comprometimento da mímica facial. Nenhum citou alteração na sucção. Conclusão: As alterações no sistema estomatognático decorrentes de queimaduras em face e/ou pescoço mais descritas na literatura analisada foram relacionadas à deglutição e à respiração, especialmente devido a edema pós-queimadura e restrição de mobilidade causada por hipercicatrização. Alterações na fala, mastigação e mímica facial também foram observadas.
Apraxia de fala na infância: para além das questões fonéticas e fonológicas
Authors: Navarro Paloma Rocha , Silva Priscila Mara Ventura Amorim , Bordin Sonia Maria Sellin
Published: September 2018

Este artigo propõe a análise e a discussão, com base na Neurolinguística Discursiva, dos aspectos neurofisiológicos, psíquicos, cognitivos, linguísticos e sociais pertinentes ao processo de aquisição de linguagem de crianças ouvintes com “Apraxia de Fala”. A partir da revisão bibliográfica da área, recobrindo avaliação e tratamento fonoaudiológico tradicionalmente destinados àquelas crianças, ampliamos, com base em uma abordagem discursiva de língua e linguagem, nossas reflexões sobre a criança com apraxia. Observamos, assim, que, para além das alterações fonoarticulatórias, estão envolvidas na criança questões importantes, pertinentes e referentes ao seu período de balbucio, à conformação neurofuncional da memória dos gestos articulatórios e aos processos constitutivos do diálogo enquanto matriz de significação.
Amostras de referência para identificação da oclusiva glotal
Authors: Cardoso Diana Conceição da Rocha , Marino Viviane Cristina de Castro , Guerra Thais Alves , Pegoraro-Krook Maria Inês , Dutka Jeniffer De Cássia Rillo
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Estabelecer um banco de amostras de referência constituído por gravações de fala de indivíduos com história de fissura labiopalatina, julgadas, por múltiplos avaliadores, como representativas do uso da oclusiva glotal. Método: Três fonoaudiólogas experientes julgaram 480 frases compostas por sons oclusivos e fricativos, quanto à identificação da oclusiva glotal. As frases foram julgadas individualmente e aquelas que não apresentaram consenso inicial foram novamente julgadas de maneira simultânea pelas mesmas avaliadoras. As amostras julgadas com consenso pelas avaliadoras, com relação à presença ou ausência da oclusiva glotal durante a produção dos sons oclusivos e fricativos, foram selecionadas para estabelecer o banco de amostras de referência. Resultados: Os julgamentos realizados evidenciaram consenso das avaliadoras em 352 amostras. Destas, 120 frases eram representativas da produção adequada para os 12 sons de interesse e 232 eram representativas do uso da oclusiva glotal. Conclusão: Um banco de amostras de referência representativas da oclusiva glotal foi estabelecido a partir do consenso de avaliadores múltiplos. As amostras de referência poderão ser usadas em estudos futuros envolvendo treinamento de avaliadores e formação de fonoaudiólogos.
Percepção dos pais sobre os efeitos do treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado em crianças
Authors: Viacelli Sandra Nunes Alves , Bovolini Aline , Sperança Simone , Faria Sônia , Mello Ricardo Oliveira , Nepomuceno Pablo Felicio , Gonçalves Fátima Aparecida , Pereira Liliane Desgualdo
Published: September 2018

O uso de questionários pode auxiliar para verificar a percepção de pais/responsáveis sobre as habilidades auditivas dos filhos. Objetivo: Comparar a percepção dos pais de escolares submetidos ao treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado, nos momentos inicial e final, por meio do questionário Scale Auditory Behavior, denominado “escala SAB”. Método: 18 crianças (66,6% meninos), após terem sido diagnosticadas com Transtorno do Processamento Auditivo Centra (TPAC) com idades entre 6 e 13 anos (média de 10,4 anos) foram submetidas ao treinamento auditivo, que durou 15 sessões de 45 minutos cada. Todos os participantes tiveram melhora na avaliação comportamental pós-intervenção. Os responsáveis foram submetidos à escala SAB antes e depois do treinamento auditivo. O questionário contém 12 questões sobre o comportamento auditivo, cuja pontuação total varia de 12 (escore mais baixo) a 60 pontos (escore mais alto). As questões foram agrupadas por domínio: atenção, audição, aprendizado e compreensão auditiva. As respostas do questionário foram analisadas por domínio, segundo a pontuação ponderada analisada em valor absoluto, em porcentagem de dificuldade e evolução desse comportamento. Resultados: Na percepção dos responsáveis através da escala SAB, a maior melhora foi percebida no domínio da audição, seguida dos comportamentos auditivos de atenção, aprendizado e compreensão auditiva. Conclusão: Os pais das crianças submetidas à intervenção perceberam evolução do comportamento auditivo de seus filhos, com melhora satisfatória predominantemente nos domínios audição e atenção. Os domínios de compreensão e aprendizagem não atingiram a mesma melhora dos anteriores. A avaliação da escala SAB pode servir como norteadora no âmbito escolar, se trabalhada com os professores ou cuidadores.
Perfil sóciodemográfico de idosos com perda auditiva no município
Authors: Magrini Amanda Monteiro , Momensohn-Santos Teresa Maria
Published: September 2018

O crescimento da população de idosos é um fato, tornando-se assunto de interesse em vários estudos, pois o envelhecimento tem muitas implicações sobre a qualidade de vida destes indivíduos. O objetivo desta pesquisa é delinear características populacionais de idosos inscritos em um programa de concessão de órtese auditiva do sistema único de saúde. Método: estudo transversal com 150 sujeitos, questionados quanto às características sócio demográficas e estilo de vida, percepção da dificuldade auditiva, perguntas de auto referência com relação a tontura, audição e quedas e análise do exame audiométrico. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 72,7anos, sendo 63,5% do sexo feminino, 63,3% relataram sentir tontura, a percepção sobre há quanto tempo tem a dificuldade auditiva foi de mais de dois anos, 54,7% acham a audição regular e a perda auditiva foi tipo neurossensorial e grau moderado. Conclusão: o idoso precisa ser visto em sua totalidade com características populacionais, para que se possa criar políticas públicas que atendam às diversas necessidades decorrentes das diferenças regionais do pais.
Local economic development agencies and place-based development: Evidence from South Africa
Authors: Lawrence Faith , Rogerson Christian M.
Published: September 2018

Local economic development agencies (LEDAs) are increasingly important actors in place-based local economic development particularly in the global South. In South Africa there has been an expanded role for LEDAs in terms of the policy significance of local economic development. Although considerable research has been undertaken concerning the merits, challenges and contributions of LED in South Africa only limited material is available concerning the institutional and organisational arrangements to support the implementation of LED. Using policy documents, close engagement with the key national policy-making government departments and a national survey of the activities, operational challenges, and institutional constraints facing LEDAs, the findings from this investigation provide new insight into their role in place-based development. From the unfolding South African experience the strategic establishment of LEDAs potentially can contribute to maximizing the efficiency of place-based strategies. Arguably, key findings confirm the important contribution that LEDAs can make to locality development in the global South albeit that contribution is influenced by context realities.
Information-Processing Model of Concept Formation – Is First Language Acquisition Universal?
Authors: Slavova Velina
Published: September 2018

The analysis of child’s speech corpora shows that the process of acquisition of English and French displays identical development of children’s expressions when the speech-utterances are presented as Fibonacci-weighted classes of concepts. A model of concept complexity and information processing based on principles of optimality is proposed to explain this statistical result.
Multi-Layer Cluster Based Energy Aware Routing Protocol for Internet of Things
Authors: Sankar S. , Srinivasan P.
Published: September 2018

We propose a multi-layer cluster based energy aware routing protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks, which divides the network area into equal length rings. The intra-ring clustering process divides a ring into equal sized clusters and inter-cluster routing applies the fuzzy logic to select the best route for data transfer. It increases the network lifetime and packet delivery ratio by 18-22% and 5-8%, respectively.