bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vegetative growth of grasslands based on hyper-temporal NDVI data from the Modis sensor
Authors: Hott Marcos Cicarini , Carvalho Luis Marcelo Tavares de , Antunes Mauro Antonio Homem , Santos Polyanne Aguiar dos , Arantes Tássia Borges , Resende João Cesar de , Rocha Wadson Sebastião Duarte da
Published: September 2016

Abstract: The objective of this work was to analyze the development of grasslands in Zona da Mata, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2000 and 2013, using a parameter based on the growth index of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (Modis) data series. Based on temporal NDVI profiles, which were used as indicators of edaphoclimatic conditions, the growth index (GI) was estimated for 16-day periods throughout the spring season of 2012 to early 2013, being compared with the average GI from 2000 to 2011, used as the reference period. Currently, the grassland areas in Zona da Mata occupy approximately 1.2 million hectares. According to the used methods, 177,322 ha (14.61%) of these grassland areas have very low vegetative growth; 577,698 ha (45.96%) have low growth; 433,475 ha (35.72%) have balanced growth; 39,980 ha (3.29%) have high growth; and 5,032 ha (0.41%) have very high vegetative growth. The grasslands had predominantly low vegetative growth during the studied period, and the NDVI/Modis series is a useful source of data for regional assessments.
Temporal and spatial variation of soil respiration under mulching in a greenhouse cucumber cultivation
Authors: Mu Lan , Fang Lan , Liang YinLi
Published: September 2016

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the temporal and spatial variations of soil respiration (Rs) in a greenhouse, as well as the factors causing them, in a soil covered with different mulching types and cultivated with cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Four mulching treatments were applied to a soil cultivated with cucumber: CK, conventional practice without mulch; FM, plastic film mulch; CM, combined mulch of plastic film with wheat straw; and SM, wheat straw mulch. Rs was measured by a soil respiration chamber connected to a portable infrared gas analyzer, and the differences of Rs between mulchings were evaluated. Rs was significantly lower in the control than in the treatments with mulch. In addition, Rs was higher in the position on the soil near plants (5.4 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) than in the positions between plants (4.7 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) and rows (3.9 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1). Soil water content and temperature had an interacted effect on Rs. Cucumber root biomass and root vigor should also be incorporated as predictor variables for Rs in the succession crops, mainly for accurately estimating carbon cycling in agroecosystems in a greenhouse.
Efeito dos agentes de compatibilização SBS e SEBS-MA no desempenho de misturas de poliestireno/resíduo de borracha de SBR
Authors: Luna Carlos Bruno Barreto , Silva Divânia Ferreira da , Araújo Edcleide Maria , Melo Tomás Jeferson Alves de , Oliveira Amanda Dantas de
Published: September 2016

RESUMO O reaproveitamento de resíduos de borracha é de extrema importância atualmente, tanto para minimizar os efeitos nocivos no meio ambiente, quanto para reduzir o custo no desenvolvimento de novos materiais. Considerando que a maioria dos trabalhos relatados na literatura se refere ao reaproveitamento dos resíduos de pneus, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência dos compatibilizantes SBS e SEBS-MA no desempenho da mistura de PS/resíduo de borracha da indústria de calçado (SBR), utilizando 5% em peso destes compatibilizantes. As misturas inicialmente foram preparadas em uma extrusora de rosca dupla corrotacional e, posteriormente, os grânulos extrudados moldados por injeção. Estas foram analisadas por ensaios de impacto, flexão, temperatura de deflexão térmica (HDT), termogravimetria (TG) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Os resultados evidenciaram que a utilização de qualquer um dos compatibilizantes na mistura PS/SBR aumentou expressivamente a resistência ao impacto, enquanto que as propriedades de flexão e HDT foram inferiores em relação à matriz polimérica. Em geral, ficou comprovado que o SBS é mais eficaz no processo de compatibilização do sistema PS/SBR, aumentando em 320% a resistência ao impacto em relação ao PS, bem como tendo uma perda de apenas 10,9% da HDT. Os resultados de termogravimetria ilustraram que a mistura PS/resíduo apresentou uma maior estabilidade térmica, em relação ao PS puro, para temperatura superior a 376ºC. As morfologias apresentadas pelas misturas ternária e binária foram bastante diferentes e típicas de misturas imiscíveis. Estes resultados mostram uma boa perspectiva de uso destes rejeitos industriais (SBR), uma vez que se pode valorizar um material que seria descartado. Além disso, tem a possibilidade de desenvolver um novo material com boas propriedades, bem como minimizar o efeito negativo desses rejeitos nos ecossistemas.
Avaliação das propriedades físicas e mecânicas de blocos de solo-cimento formulados com coprodutos siderúrgicos
Authors: Castro Mário Andrean Macedo , Costa Fiama Gomes da , Borba Suellen Cristina , Fagury Neto Elias , Rabelo Adriano Alves
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Este trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar o desempenho de resistência mecânica e absorção de água de blocos solo-cimento para alvenaria, após 28 dias de cura, com a incorporação limite dos seguintes coprodutos siderúrgicos em substituição parcial ao solo: adições de até 20 % em massa do pó de balão coletado em alto-forno, até 10 % de poeiras de despoeiramento de aciaria elétrica, e até 20 % de escória granulada de forno elétrico a arco. As formulações propostas incluem adições simultâneas de pós obtidos do descarte da produção de blocos solo-cimento, onde a substituição parcial ao solo foi de até 20 % em massa. Os resultados obtidos sugerem a potencialidade de uso dos resíduos siderúrgicos em blocos intertravados de solo-cimento para alvenaria sustentável, como alternativa de aplicação para esses resíduos. Verificou-se a possibilidade de bons resultados confrontando os valores exigidos por norma (absorção de água < 20% e resistência mecânica > 2,0 MPa) com destaque quando se utilizou 20% pó de balão juntamente com 10% de reuso do bloco solo-cimento; 10% de escória de aciaria ou 20% de escória de aciaria juntamente com 10% de reuso do bloco solo-cimento; e 2,5% de pó de despoeiramento juntamente com 20% de reuso do bloco solo-cimento.
FTIR analysis and quantification of phenols and flavonoids of five commercially available plants extracts used in wound healing
Authors: Oliveira Renata Nunes , Mancini Maurício Cordeiro , Oliveira Fernando Cabral Salles de , Passos Thayse Marques , Quilty Brid , Thiré Rossana Mara da Silva Moreira , McGuinness Garrett Brian
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Natural products are used in wound healing in order to prevent infection. Propolis is a well known antimicrobial with phenolic compounds and flavonoid content which vary according to the propolis origin. Besides propolis (from both Brazilian and UK sources), pomegranate, dragon's blood and sage are possible antimicrobials to be used in biomaterials. The goal of this work was to analyze the amount of phenols and flavonoid compounds in these natural products, their antioxidant activities and the bonds present by FTIR. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of active compounds in all drug samples. The phenols quantification showed that Brazilian propolis was rich in phenols compared to the other drugs, followed by pomegranate and UK propolis. UK propolis was the most rich in flavonoids, which is expected on account of its origin. Pomegranate, UK propolis and Dragon's blood presented the highest antioxidant activity. All samples presented antioxidant activity > 82%.
Spatiotemporal distribution of the benthic macrofauna in an urbanized subtropical estuary: environmental variations and anthropogenic impacts
Authors: Mattos Pedro Rocha , Almeida Tito César Marques de
Published: September 2016

Abstract This study was conducted in the Itajaí-Açu river lower estuary in Southern Brazil, in which we aimed to: (1) analyze spatiotemporal variations on the macrofauna; (2) search for relationships between environmental variables and the assembly and (3) evaluate the influence of capital dredging upon the assembly. Two hundred twenty eight samples were performed in four stations, two of which affected by dredging. Sediment (sand, silt and clay, organic matter and carbonate) and water column´s variables (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity) were also assessed. We applied Principal Component Analysis for environmental variables and Hierarchical Clustering for biotic data. Correlations between environmental and biotic matrices were tested by Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates. Spatiotemporal variations in the assembly were tested by Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance. From the 21.839 organisms sampled, 97% was represented by the gastropod Heleobia australis. Despite the influence of the river discharge on the ecosystem, dredging was deleterious to the assembly, favoring opportunistic organisms such as H. australis.
EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF VEPTR IN PATIENTS WITH SCOLIOSIS
Authors: ARAÚJO JOÃO PAULO SILVA , FERREIRA MARCOS ANDRÉ COSTA , PEREIRA ANDRÉ FLAVIO FREIRE , RANGEL TULIO ALBUQUERQUE DE MOURA , MEDEIROS RODRIGO CASTRO DE , CABRAL LUCIANO TEMPORAL BORGES
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluation of the results of the use of VEPTR (Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib - Synthes Spine Co.(r), West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA) as an option in spinal instrumentation without fusion in younger children with scoliosis, considering the complications inherent to spinal fusion in this age group. Methods: Sixteen (16) patients with scoliosis, regardless of etiology, with a mean age of 5.2 (3-8) years, were followed up by Spine Surgery Group at Hospital Getúlio Vargas, Recite-PE, and were submitted to surgical correction of the deformity using VEPTR, from April/2009 to July/2014. The survey was conducted through medical register review, and photographic and radiographic records, with the measurement of pre- and postoperative curves by the Cobb method. Results: The mean values of Cobb angle in the preoperative period, in the immediate postoperative period and after the last distraction were, respectively, 84.1° (112°-60°), 55.4° (92°-16°) and 64.4° (100°-16°), with an average initial correction of 28.7° (34.1%) and final correction of 19.7° (23.4%). The mean follow-up was 23.1 (0-61) months with an average distraction of 3.1 (0-8). The complication rate in this study was 62.5%. Conclusion: The VEPTR presented considerable correction rates of scoliosis curves in patients whose age contraindicate the spinal fusion methods. It is necessary to improve the technique and the implant itself in order to reduce complication rates, which can be considered relatively high, in addition to the conduction of more studies with longer follow-up to determine the actual efficacy of the implant and the maintenance of long-term correction.
CULTURAL ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION FOR PORTUGUESE OF THE SPINAL APPEARANCE QUESTIONNAIRE
Authors: Rosendo Marcelo Guerra de Albuquerque , Rangel Tulio Albuquerque de Moura , Pereira André Flávio Freire , Ferreira Marcus André Costa , Medeiros Rodrigo Castro de , Cabral Luciano Temporal Borges
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: Make the cultural adaptation of the spinal appearance questionnaire (SAQ). Method: Twenty patients and their accompanying relatives responded to SAC and were asked about possible improvements. Results: Eighteen girls (90%) and two boys (10%), average age 14.8 years; Cronbach's alpha values of 0.79 and 0.75 were found for patients and parents respectively. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the spinal appearance questionnaire presented in this paper proves to be a valid tool for their purposes in its pre-trial phase.
Risk Factors for Severe Renal Disease in Bardet–Biedl Syndrome
Authors: Forsythe Elizabeth , Sparks Kathryn , Best Sunayna , Borrows Sarah , Hoskins Bethan , Sabir Ataf , Barrett Timothy , Williams Denise , Mohammed Shehla , Goldsmith David , Milford David V. , Bockenhauer Detlef , Foggensteiner Lukas , Beales Philip L.
Published: September 2016

Bardet–Biedl syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive, multisystem disease characterized by retinal dystrophy, renal malformation, obesity, intellectual disability, polydactyly, and hypogonadism. Nineteen disease-causing genes (BBS1–19) have been identified, of which mutations in BBS1 are most common in North America and Europe. A hallmark of the disease, renal malformation is heterogeneous and is a cause of morbidity and mortality through the development of CKD. We studied the prevalence and severity of CKD in 350 patients with Bardet–Biedl syndrome–related renal disease attending the United Kingdom national Bardet–Biedl syndrome clinics to further elucidate the phenotype and identify risk indicators of CKD. Overall, 31% of children and 42% of adults had CKD; 6% of children and 8% of adults had stage 4–5 CKD. In children, renal disease was often detected within the first year of life. Analysis of the most commonly mutated disease-associated genes revealed that, compared with two truncating mutations, two missense mutations associated with less severe CKD in adults. Moreover, compared with mutations in BBS10, mutations in BBS1 associated with less severe CKD or lack of CKD in adults. Finally, 51% of patients with available ultrasounds had structural renal abnormalities, and 35% of adults were hypertensive. The presence of structural abnormalities or antihypertensive medication also correlated statistically with stage 3b–5 CKD. This study describes the largest reported cohort of patients with renal disease in Bardet–Biedl syndrome and identifies risk factors to be considered in genetic counseling.
New light on vitamin B12: The adenosylcobalamin-dependent photoreceptor protein CarH
Authors: Chemaly Susan M.
Published: September 2016

Adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl), or coenzyme B12, is a cofactor for enzymes important in metabolism in humans (and other mammals) and bacteria. AdoCbl contains a Co-C bond and is extremely light sensitive, but, until recently, this light sensitivity appeared to have no physiological function. Recently, AdoCbl has been found to act as cofactor for a photoreceptor protein (CarH) that controls the expression of DNA coding for transcription of the proteins needed for synthesis of carotenes in certain non-photosynthetic bacteria. In 2015, the X-ray crystal structures of two dark states of the photoreceptor protein from the bacterium Thermus thermophilus were determined: CarH bound to AdoCbl and CarH bound to a large portion of the cognate DNA operator (and AdoCbl); a light state was also determined in which CarH was bound to cobalamin in which the Co-C bond had been broken. The breaking of the Co-C bond of Ado-Cbl acts as a trigger for the regulatory switch that allows the transcription of DNA. In the two dark states AdoCbl is bound to a conserved histidine from CarH, which displaces the lower 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole ligand of AdoCbl. In the light state the 5’-deoxyadenosyl group of AdoCbl is replaced by a second histidine from CarH, giving a bis-histidine cobalamin and 4’,5’-anhydroadenosine. Genes for B12-dependent photoreceptors are widespread in bacteria. Control of DNA transcription may represent an evolutionarily ancient function of AdoCbl, possibly pre-dating its function as a protein cofactor.
Significance: 

A new function for adenosylcobalamin, a light-sensitive form of vitamin B12 with a Co-C bond, has been discovered in bacteria
Some non-photosynthetic bacteria use adenosylcobalamin as a cofactor for the protein CarH, which controls DNA transcription
Three X-ray crystal structures of CarH have been determined: bound to adenosylcobalamin, DNA and after light exposure
A mechanism of action for CarH, based on its structure and on model reactions of vitamin B12, is proposed
FENOMENA POLISEMIK BAHASA ARAB DALAM AL-QURAN
Authors: Hamdani Wagino Hamid
Published: September 2016

Abstrak Fenomena Polisemik Bahasa Arab dalam al-Quran. Artikel ini mengkaji fenomena polisemik bahasa Arab dalam al-Quran. Cakupan kajiannya meliputi 10 bentuk polisemik yang berwazan: fa’iil, fi’aal, fa’aan/fu’laan, fu’l, fa’alah, fu’uul tafa’la/tafa’al, tafa’aluu, af’al dan fa’al. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh variasi makna morfologis bagi setiap bentuk polisemik, yaitu: (1) bentuk fa’iil mengandung 5 makna morfologis; (2) bentuk fi’aal mengandung 4 makna morfologis; (3) bentuk fa’laan, fu’laan dan fi’laan mengandung 4 makna morfologis; bentuk fu’l mengandung 4 makna morfologis; (5) bentuk fa’alah mengandung 5 makna morfologis; (6) benuk fu’uul mengandung 4 makna morfologis; (7) bentuk tafa’al 5 makna morfologis; (8) bentuk tafa’aluu mengandung 8 makna morfologis; (9) bentuk af’al mengandung 10 makna morfologis; dan bentuk fa’al mengandung 5 makna morfologis. Makna morfologis setiap bentuk kata dapat teridentifikasi melalui distribusi morfologis, sarana sintaktis, dan mkna leksilak.Kata kunci: Fenomena polisemik, makna morfologis  Abstract Phenomenon of Arabic Language Polysemy in the Quran. This paper that examined the phenomenon of Arabic polysemy in the Koran. Coverage of the study inclused 10 forms of polysemy: fa>iil, fi>aal, fa>laan/fu>laan/ fi’laan, fu’l, fa’alah, fu’uul tafa’la/tafa’al, tafa’aluu, af>al and fa’al. Obtained from the results of the analysis are morphological variations in meaning for every from of polysemy, namely: (1) the fa>iil from contains 5 morphological meanings, (2) the fi>aal form contains 4 morphological meanings, (3) forms offa>laan, fu>laan and fi>laan contains 4 morphological meaning,; (4) the form of fu’l contains 4 morphological meanings, (5) the form of fa’alah contains 5 morphological meanings, (6) the form fu’uul contains 4 morphological meanings, (7) the form of tafa>al contains 5 morphological meanings, (8) the form of tafa>aluu contains 8 morphological meanings; (9) the form of af>al contains 10 forms morphological meanings, and the form of fa’al contains 5 morphological meanings. Morphological meanings of each form of words can be identified through the morphological distribution, syntatic means, and lexical meaning.Keywords: polisemik phenomenon, meaning of morphologically
ANALISIS MAKNA “KANYOKU” YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN WARNA: KAJIAN LINGUISTIK KOGNITIF
Authors: Sekarsari Widi , Haristiani Nuria
Published: September 2016

Abstrak Makna kanyouku atau idiom penting untuk dipahami pembelajar bahasa Jepang, namun penelitian mengenai kanyouku yang khusus berkaitan dengan warna masih terbatas. Penelitian ini menganalisis kankyouku bahasa Jepang yang berkaitan dengan warna  menggunakan teori linguistik kognitif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) makna leksikal warna dalam kanyouku diartikan sesuai makna asli warna berdasarkan referensi kamus. Makna idiomatikal warna merupakan makna khusus dan berbeda dari makna leksikal; (2) terdapat hubungan antara makna leksikal dan makna idiomatikal secara metafora 12 kanyouku, dan metonimi 6 kanyouku; (3) Ciri khas makna warna dalam kanyouku yaitu, merah (warna yang tegas, peringatan bahaya, rasa malu), biru (pengganti warna hijau, muda, dan menunjukkan kondisi seseorang melalui ciri-ciri fisiknya), kuning (warna yang terang dan menyilaukan, peringatan keselamatan, usia muda dan kurang berpengalaman), hitam (warna gelap, tindakan yang jahat, penanda kehidupan), putih (warna yang bersih, hal yang benar, hambar, kurang senang), hitam putih (warna yang bertolak belakang, perumpamaan benar atau salah). Kata kunci: makna kanyouku, warna, linguistik kognitif, metafora, metonimi AbstractKanyouku or idiom meaning is important to be understood by Japanese language learner. However, research about kanyouku, which especially relates to the color, is still limited. In this paper, we analyzed Japanese kanyoku using colours based on the theory of cognitive linguistics. The result showed several points: (1) the lexical meaning of color in kanyouku are defined according to the original meaning of color based on the dictionary reference. The idiomatical meaning of color is a particular meaning that appears to be different from the lexical meaning; (2) there are some connections between lexical meaning and idiomatical meaning. There are 12 meanings metaphorically and 6 meaning metonimycally; (3) Characteristic meaning of color in kanyouku is red (bold color, shame, etc.), blue (a substitute for green color, young, etc.), yellow (bright and dazzling color, young age and inexperienced, etc.), black (dark color, sign of life, etc.), white (clear color, tasteless, etc.), and black and white (contrasting color, parable of right and wrong).Keywords: idiom meaning, color, cognitive linguistics, metaphor, metonymy
Effect of lopping interval on the growth and fodder yield of Gliricidia sepium
Authors: Vennila C. , Gunasekaran S. , Sankaran V. M.
Published: September 2016

An experiment was conducted during 2010 – 2012 to find out the suitable lopping interval of gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) on sandy loam soil. There were six treatments viz., T1: lopping once in 2 months, T2: lopping once in 4 months, T3: lopping once in 6 months, T4: lopping once in 8 months, T5: lopping once in 10 months and T6: lopping in 12 months and replicated thrice. The results showed that lopping at shorter time interval i.e once in 2 months or 4 months resulted in more number of branches, leaves, leaf weight, leaf branch ratio and increased yield. Further, early lopping resulted in succulent leaves and branches which are highly suitable for the animals to consume.
Studies on storability of vegetables in zero energy cool chamber
Authors: Sundaram V.
Published: September 2016

Agriculture in India is characterised by small and marginal farmers and they constitute nearly 80 per cent of the total land holdings. The cultivation of multiple crops under small land holdings results in regular production of lesser quantities of vegetables, which the farmers cannot take to the market regularly, leading to a distress local sale of produce through the middlemen. Facilities to store the produce for a shorter period and taking a bulk of commodity to the market would be a viable option for them. Though the refrigerated storage of vegetables can keep them fresh over a longer period, the high initial investment and energy requirement appears to be the hurdles for small and marginal farmers. The zero energy cool chamber could be the best alternative to such farmers having smaller holdings especially for short term on farm storage of perishables without any recurring expenditure on energy source, as it works on the principle of evaporative cooling. The present study on the storability of vegetables under ZECC had proved its usefulness in extending the storability of tropical vegetables, with reduction in temperature up to 9o C and increase in relative humidity by 18 per cent could be achieved inside the chamber compared to ambience. The ZECC proved useful in storage of vegetables with minimum PLW and decay and the freshness was retained for 3 days in lab lab, 4 days in bhendi, five days brinjal, bitter gourd and radish.
Effect of Hibiscus seed-based diet on chemical composition,carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of cattle
Authors: Suliman G. M. , Babiker S. A. , Eichinger H. M.
Published: September 2016

This study investigated the effects of Hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seeds inclusion in diet of cattle. Fifty-five Sudan Baggara bulls were selected and divided into five treatment groups, and fed iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous experimental diets where groundnut cake was the source of protein in the control diet (0% Hibiscus seeds), while in the other experimental diets, Hibiscus seeds replaced groundnut at a rate of: 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The crude protein was significantly lower in the 100% group than in the control group, whereas muscle fat content was significantly lower in the 25, 75, and 100% groups than in the control group. There were no significant differences between the tested groups for the carcass linear measurements, but there were so for the redness and yellowness color components of the fat, water-holding capacity, and cooking loss. In conclusion, the growth performance and meat quality attributes of the cattle were improved as the level of Hibiscus seeds increased up to 75%, without any adverse effect.
Geometric Theory of Heat from Souriau Lie Groups Thermodynamics and Koszul Hessian Geometry: Applications in Information Geometry for Exponential Families
Authors: Barbaresco Frédéric
Published: September 2016

We introduce the Symplectic Structure of Information Geometry based on Souriau’s Lie Group Thermodynamics model, with a covariant definition of Gibbs equilibrium via invariances through co-adjoint action of a group on its moment space, defining physical observables like energy, heat, and moment as pure geometrical objects. Using Geometric (Planck) Temperature of Souriau model and Symplectic cocycle notion, the Fisher metric is identified as a Souriau Geometric Heat Capacity. Souriau model is based on affine representation of Lie Group and Lie algebra that we compare with Koszul works on G/K homogeneous space and bijective correspondence between the set of G-invariant flat connections on G/K and the set of affine representations of the Lie algebra of G. In the framework of Lie Group Thermodynamics, an Euler-Poincaré equation is elaborated with respect to thermodynamic variables, and a new variational principal for thermodynamics is built through an invariant Poincaré-Cartan-Souriau integral. The Souriau-Fisher metric is linked to KKS (Kostant-Kirillov-Souriau) 2-form that associates a canonical homogeneous symplectic manifold to the co-adjoint orbits. We apply this model in the framework of Information Geometry for the action of an affine Group for exponentiel families, and provide some illustrations of use cases for multivariate Gaussian densities. Information Geometry is presented in the context of seminal work of Fréchet and his Clairaut-Legendre equation. Souriau model of Statistical Physics is validated as compatible with Balian gauge model of thermodynamics. We recall the precursor work of Casalis on affine group invariance for natural exponential families.
Water quality characteristics of Poyang Lake, China, in response to changes in the water level
Authors: Liu Xia , Teubner Katrin , Chen Yuwei
Published: September 2016

As one of the few remaining lakes that are freely connected with the Yangtze River, Poyang Lake exhibits large annual water level (WL) fluctuations. In this study, weekly samples were collected at the north end of Poyang Lake from September 2011 to December 2012, and we investigated the mechanism of limnological responses to fluctuations in the WL. The study covers three seasons that were associated with WL fluctuations ranging from 8 to 19 m. Spearman's rank correlations and multivariate non-metric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that low and high WL periods differed in a number of water quality characteristics. The low WL period coincided with the non-growing season and was associated with the peak concentrations of nitrogen, the highest turbidity (Turb), and the lowest water temperature. The high WL period was mainly characterized by enhanced chlorophyll a concentration. Spearman's rank correlations revealed positive relationships between the WL and the concentrations of NO3-N and PO4-P and negative relationships between the WL and the Turb, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, NO2-N, and NH4-N concentrations. All results support the conclusion that the large WL fluctuations are the principal drivers for physicochemical variables in this floodplain lake ecosystem.
A relação entre a mí­dia e a sociedade civil em Gramsci
Authors: Almeida Jorge
Published: September 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a relação entre a mídia e a Sociedade Civil em Antonio Gramsci e se relaciona com o estudo teórico sobre as questões da chamada “Imprensa” e da “Opinião Pública” na obra deste pensador. Estas questões são estudadas de modo articulado com outros conceitos, relacionados a elas, presentes na obra gramsciana, especialmente os de Hegemonia, Bloco Histórico, Sociedade Civil, Sociedade Política, Estrutura Econômica e Cultura.
Presidente Dilma, com que roupa eu vou?
Authors: Queiroz Adolpho , Martins Jr Francisco Ramirez
Published: September 2016

Este artigo pretende mostrar de que forma o tema “moda” ganhou espaço nas editorias de política que cobriram as eleições presidenciais no Brasil em 2010. O fato de termos uma candidata mulher ampliou a área de interesse do jornalismo impresso e on line, valorizou fotógrafos e estilistas de moda que tiveram igualmente importância ao longo da campanha, na medida em que o visual da candidata foi se alterando. Aqui algumas impressões acerca do tema.

 
Um olhar sobre o Turismo Social peronista: aproximações e distanciamentos com regimes autoritários e o New Deal
Authors: Fernandes Marcio
Published: September 2016

Mais do que um regime que tomou de assalto a Argentina nos anos 1940, o Peronismo se configura como sistema de ideias complexo e peculiar, uma identificação (segundo definição de Beatriz SARLO). Este artigo se centra na etapa mais brilhante do Justicialismo (outro nome para o período que tinha em Juan Domingo Perón como seu maior expoente), o Primeiro Peronismo (1946-1955) – e na construção de uma política de difusão do chamado Turismo Social, enquanto um dos braços de um projeto maior levado adiante pela poderosa Subsecretaria de Informaciones. Tal estratégia era fundamentalmente baseada na produção e difusão de posters. Por outro lado, o estudo mostra similitudes e diferencias neste campo para com outros regimes da primeira metade do século 20 (Salazarismo, Franquismo, Fascismo, Nazismo, Stalinismo e New Deal). E mostra como a visão de Michel FOUCAULT de Poder Disciplinar se fazia amplamente presente no Turismo Social peronista.
A articulação de jornalismo e espaços públicos na Ilustração Inglesa
Authors: Munaro Luis Francisco
Published: September 2016

O Iluminismo, pensado a partir de sua vinculação com os espaços de sociabilidade, sua dependência do trânsito, circulação a apresentação contínua da novidade, caracteriza uma série de transformações no ambiente urbano. Habermas notou essa importância ao sugerir o papel dos cafés e salões para a formação de um círculo de retroalimentação entre os jornais e as conversações: estas alimentavam a pauta periódica dos jornalistas, tanto quanto os jornais reforçavam determinados círculos de sociabilidade urbanos. O papel desses espaços no que diz respeito a abrigar uma cultura da interação, contudo, foi atravessado por dispositivos não previstos pela teoria habermasiana, inclusive no que diz respeito à forte tendência à formação de clubes com interesses bem específicos, em cujo bojo estavam presentes várias interdições sociais. Nosso interesse, no âmbito deste artigo, é sugerir, a partir dos caminhos traçados por Habermas, vias que tornem possível perceber, de forma mais alargada, os vínculos do jornalismo com a esfera pública, pensado como forma de apresentação regular da novidade e embutido nas práticas da cidade moderna. 
Entre valores do passado e do futuro: percepções sobre jornalismo e política nas narrativas de jornalistas-blogueiros
Authors: Guazina Liziane Soares , Brasil Luana Melody , Oliveira Angela
Published: September 2016

Cada vez mais, os blogs jornalísticos sobre política cumprem papel importante nas disputas das opiniões políticas na Internet. Por isso, é necessário compreender as relações entre os campos da política e do jornalismo do ponto de vista das interações que se desenrolam no ciberespaço público. Neste artigo, trazemos alguns resultados da análise de conteúdo e de enquadramentos (ideias organizadoras) de entrevistas realizadas com dez dos jornalistas-blogueiros mais atuantes da blogosfera brasileira. Nosso objetivo é identificar suas percepções e seus valores associados ao jornalismo e à política, em um contexto de profundas transformações da democracia no país. Ao final, apontamos, entre outros elementos, como os valores mais citados são, geralmente, aqueles que constituem a subcultura profissional e a cultura política dominantes na experiência histórica recente. Desta maneira, os jornalistas-blogueiros transitam entre os valores tradicionais associados ao ethos jornalístico e a inovação trazida pelos novos tempos tecnológicos, representada nas múltiplas possibilidades de participação política na rede.
STUDY ON THE SYNTHESIS OF PUERARIN DERIVATIVES AND THEIR ANTI-VASCULAR DEMENTIA ACTIVITY
Authors: Jiang Pei
Published: September 2016

In this study, puerarin derivatives were designed by adding an active acetonitrile group that inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in order to enhance the anti-vascular dementia drug activity. The acetonitrile group was linked to puerarin at the 7/4 'positions by a phenolic hydroxyl to give 7-mono-and 7, 4' di-substituted derivatives of puerarin. These structures were confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy and MS spectroscopy. We compared the affinity of puerarin derivatives and puerarin for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) using molecular docking. In addition, the anti-vascular dementia activity of the developed puerarin derivatives was studied by water maze, novel object recognition, and the determination of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzyme activity at the cerebral cortex of mice. Experimental results showed that the puerarin derivatives have a good affinity for COX-2 with therapeutic effects against vascular dementia. The results of this study suggest that the protective effects of the puerarin derivatives against vascular dementia may be related to suppression of inflammation associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibition of COX-2.
LINEAR ASSESSMENT OF CEREBRAL AUTOREGULATION IN IDIOPATHIC PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Authors: Chiu Chuang-chien , Liao Ken Ying-kai , Yeh Shoou-jeng
Published: September 2016

Parkinson’s disease cases have been on the rise in the recent years, which promoted several different researches into the disorder. However, there hasn’t much research been done in the non-motor aspects of the disease. This study aims to improve the understanding of one of the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Specifically, this research aims to further understand cerebral autoregulation in patients with Parkinson’s disease. In order to achieve this aim, 25 subjects were recruited, with 11 healthy controls and 14 patients with Parkinson’s disease. The continuous blood pressure and continuous cerebral blood flow velocity of all subjects were recorded and processed while the subjects were at rest, tilt-up, and during hyperventilation. Linear signal and system analysis techniques were applied such as the power spectral density analysis and cross-correlation function analysis. Results showed that patients with Parkinson’s disease did not show a significant difference from the control group while at rest and after tilt-up. However, there was a significant difference between the groups during hyperventilation. The results obtained in this study suggested that the metabolic regulatory pathway for cerebral autoregulation is impaired in patients with Parkinson’s disease.
Carbapenemase production in hospital isolates of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Serbia
Authors: Trudic Anika , Jelesic Zora , Mihajlovic-Ukropina Mira , Medic Deana , Zivlak Branka , Gusman Vera , Djilas Milan
Published: September 2016

Background/Aim. Carbapenem resistance has escalated in medically important enterobacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli worldwide. Multidrug-resistant strains represent an important source of concern as effective therapeutic options of infections they cause are limited or none. There were no comprehensive studies considering the presence of carbapenemase production in enterobacteria in Serbia so far. The aim of the study was to determine carbapenemase production in hospital isolates of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae and E. coli in Serbia. Methods. Strains of K. pneumoniae and E. coli resistant to at least one carbapenem (imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem) were collected from November 2013 to May 2014. Isolates were obtained from clinical samples of patients treated in 14 hospitals in Serbia. Carbapenem resistance was confirmed using phenotypic tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in National Reference Laboratory for Registration and Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacterial Strains in Novi Sad. Results. Of 129 collected strains, 121 (93.8%) were K. pneumoniae and 8 (6.2%) were E. coli. Seventy (54.3%) strains were obtained from urine, 26 (20.2%) from blood, 19 (14.7%) from wound secretions and 14 (10.9%) from lower respiratory tract secretions. Carbapenemase genes were detected in 58 (45%) isolates. The gene bla New Delhimetallo-beta-lactamases (blaNDM) was found in 33 (27.3%) K. pneumoniae, bla oxacillinases-48 (blaOXA-48) in 10 (8.3%), bla K. pneumonia carbapenemase (blaKPC) in 1 (0.8%), and 7 (5.4%) strains harbored both blaOXA-48 and blaNDM. Seven E.coli harbored blaNDM gene. Conclusions. In Serbia, the most common type of carbapenemase in both multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae and E. coli is NDM. Co-production of OXA-48 and NDM was found in K. pneumoniae. To our knowledge, KPC production was detected for the first time in Serbia.
Unilateral Basal Ganglia Hyperdensity in a Previously Undiagnosed Diabetic Patient Presenting with Hemichorea-Hemiballism (Hchb)
Authors: Bhattarai Manoj
Published: September 2016

Non-ketotic hyperglycemia induced hemichorea-hemiballism (HCHB) is a rare condition with characteristic neuroimaging findings in a diabetic patient. This paper reports a 61-year-old male previously undiagnosed diabetic patient presenting with HCHB as the first presentation of diabetes.Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 5, Number 1, Issue 8, January-July 2016, 66-68
Physical Activity and Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study on the Barriers to and Facilitators of Exercise Promotion from the Perspective of Health Care Professionals
Authors: Smith-Turchyn Jenna , Richardson Julie , Tozer Richard , McNeely Margaret , Thabane Lehana
Published: September 2016

Purpose: We determined the barriers to and facilitators of exercise promotion by health care professionals (HCPs) for women with breast cancer (BC). Methods: The study was a qualitative descriptive study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with HCPs who treat individuals with BC in Ontario. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Two reviewers independently used content analysis to determine codes and themes developed in the interviews. NVivo 10 was used during the coding process. Results: A total of 24 HCPs participated in this study. The data from the interviews were grouped into five main categories: (1) institutional barriers, (2) HCP barriers, (3) perceived patient barriers, (4) facilitators (resource and service needs), and (5) patient characteristics. A graphic depiction of the interaction was created for these categories and how they affect the promotion of exercise for women with BC. Conclusions: Participants in this study identified several barriers to exercise promotion at the institutional, professional, and patient levels and suggested several strategies to facilitate exercise promotion. These findings can inform future exercise interventions to increase exercise adherence and engagement in this population.
Flexural behavior of 3D printed honeycomb sandwich structures with waste filler material
Authors: Altan Gürkan , Kovan Volkan
Published: September 2016

In this study, the flexural behavior of filled and unfilled honeycomb structures was experimentally examined. As filler material, waste materials of the furniture and marble industry were used. In this context, effects of the wastes of the furniture industry (i. e., pine sawdust) and of the marble industry (i. e., travertine powder) on the flexural behaviors of honeycomb structures were investigated by the three point flexural test. Honeycomb specimens were produced by using PLA plastic material in a 3D printer by rapid prototyping techniques. By changing cell sizes of the honeycomb structures used in the flexural tests, the relation between the waste filler materials and the cell size was also investigated. The flexural behavior of unfilled honeycomb specimens was at maximum for the specimens with small cell size. In the honeycomb structures filled with waste material, it was determined that the flexural loads of small cell sized specimens were decreased by approx. 10 % while the flexural loads of big cell sized specimens were increased by approx. 10 %. As a result, it was found that the flexural behavior of unfilled honeycomb structures with big cells which have low flexural behavior could be increased using waste filler material.
Early versus late arteriovenous malformation responders after stereotactic radiosurgery: an international multicenter study
Authors: Cohen-Inbar Or , Starke Robert M. , Paisan Gabriella , Kano Hideyuki , Huang Paul P. , Rodriguez-Mercado Rafael , Almodovar Luis , Grills Inga S. , Mathieu David , Silva Danilo , Abbassy Mahmoud , Missios Symeon , Lee John Y. K. , Barnett Gene H. , Kondziolka Douglas , Lunsford L. Dade , Sheehan Jason P.
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE

The goal of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is complete nidus obliteration, thereby eliminating the risk of future hemorrhage. This outcome can be observed within the first 18 months, although documentation of AVM obliteration can extend to as much as 5 years after SRS is performed. A shorter time to obliteration may impact the frequency and effect of post-SRS complications and latency hemorrhage. The authors' goal in the present study was to determine predictors of early obliteration (18 months or less) following SRS for cerebral AVM.

METHODS

Eight centers participating in the International Gamma Knife Research Foundation (IGKRF) obtained institutional review board approval to supply de-identified patient data. From a cohort of 2231 patients, a total of 1398 patients had confirmed AVM obliteration. Patients were sorted into early responders (198 patients), defined as those with confirmed nidus obliteration at or prior to 18 months after SRS, and late responders (1200 patients), defined as those with confirmed nidus obliteration more than 18 months after SRS. The median clinical follow-up time was 63.7 months (range 7–324.7 months).

RESULTS

Outcome parameters including latency interval hemorrhage, mortality, and favorable outcome were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Radiologically demonstrated radiation-induced changes were noted more often in the late responder group (376 patients [31.3%] vs 39 patients [19.7%] for early responders, p = 0.005). Multivariate independent predictors of early obliteration included a margin dose > 24 Gy (p = 0.031), prior surgery (p = 0.002), no prior radiotherapy (p = 0.025), smaller AVM nidus (p = 0.002), deep venous drainage (p = 0.039), and nidus location (p < 0.0001). Basal ganglia, cerebellum, and frontal lobe nidus locations favored early obliteration (p = 0.009). The Virginia Radiosurgery AVM Scale (VRAS) score was significantly different between the 2 responder groups (p = 0.039). The VRAS score was also shown to be predictive of early obliteration on univariate analysis (p = 0.009). For early obliteration, such prognostic ability was not shown for other SRS- and AVM-related grading systems.

CONCLUSIONS

Early obliteration (≤ 18 months post-SRS) was more common in patients whose AVMs were smaller, located in the frontal lobe, basal ganglia, or cerebellum, had deep venous drainage, and had received a margin dose > 24 Gy.
Effect of planting system of potato and plant density of maize on productivity of potato- hybrid maize intercropping system
Authors: Begum AA , Bhuiya MSU , Hossain SMA , Khatun Amina , Das SK
Published: September 2016

The experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Field, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during 2010-11 to find out the appropriate planting system of potato and plant density of maize in potatohybrid maize intercropping system for maximum yield and economic return. Ten treatments were evaluated viz., T1= Potato whole tuber single row (75 cm × 20 cm) + 125% hybrid maize (75 cm × 20 cm), T2=Potato whole tuber single row (75 cm × 20 cm) + 100% hybrid maize (75cm × 25 cm), T3= Potato whole tuber single row (75 cm × 20 cm) + 83% hybrid maize (75 cm × 30 cm), T4= Potato half tuber paired row (20 cm/ 55 cm × 20 cm) + 125% hybrid maize (75 cm × 20 cm), T5= Potato half tuber paired row (20 cm/ 55 cm × 20 cm) +100% hybrid maize (75 cm × 25 cm), T6= Potato half tuber paired row (20 cm/ 55 cm × 20 cm) + 83% hybrid maize (75 cm × 30 cm), T7= Sole potato whole tuber single row planting system (60 cm × 25 cm), T8 = Sole potato half tuber paired row (20 cm/ 55 cm × 20 cm), T9= Sole hybrid maize in normal spacing 75 cm × 25 cm (sole HM1) and T10= Sole hybrid maize (75 cm × 25 cm) sown 30 days after potato planting (sole HM2). The results revealed that sole planting of both potato and maize produced the maximum yields. In case of sole potato, potato half tuber paired row planting system was better than potato whole tuber single row planting system. On the other hand, the performance of sole HM1 was better than sole HM2 in relation to growth, yield and economic performance. Over all T1 treatment ( potato whole tuber single row planting system with 125 % hybrid maize population) was the best intercropping system for getting higher yield and economic return as well as less relative crowding coefficient with better crop performance ratio.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(3): 397-409, September 2016
Effect of osmopriming on germination of rice seed
Authors: Hasan MN , Salam MA , Chowdhury MMI , Sultana M , Islam N
Published: September 2016

The experiment was conducted at the Seed Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from September to October, 2011 to study the effect of chemical priming of seed on germination and growth of rice seedling cv. BRRI dhan 29. Seeds were soaked in 3% and 5% solutions of CaCl2, ZnSO4 and KCl for 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60 hours, respectively. A control was maintained where seeds were subjected to no priming treatment. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Primed seeds were tested for germination and vigour on sandy soil media (60:40) in petridish under field capacity. Seed quality tests included mean germination time, shoot length, shoot dry mass, root length and root dry mass. The results revealed that priming treatments had significant influence on germination and all the growth parameters of rice seedlings. Priming with 3% ZnSO4 for 30 hours showed the highest germination percentage and the lowest mean germinaion time. Priming with 5% KCl for 54 hours showed the highest root length while 5% of the same solution for 24 hours showed the highest root dry mass. On the contrary, seeds having no priming treatment showed the lowest values for germination, vigour index, shoot length,shoot dry mass, root length and root dry mass and the highest mean germination time. The present study concludes that rice seed cv. BRRI dhan29 could be primed with 3% ZnSO4 solution for 30 hours for improving germination and seedling growth.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(3): 451-460, September 2016