bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religious Values in Secular Institutions?
Authors: Broyde Michael J.
Published: September 2022

Universities that are incorporated under a secular charter face a number of challenges in claiming religious exemptions or religious character. These secularly chartered but religiously motivated universities (SCbRMU) often are attempting to get the best of both worlds, by maintaining entitlement to government funding that is exclusive to secular entities while also claiming religious protections. In this paper, Yeshiva University (yu) is used as a case study of the difficulties faced by these institutions. yu has been sued by a group of students and alumni for refusing to authorize an official lgbt club, and yu has argued that it is entitled to a religious exemption from New York City anti-discrimination laws. This paper discusses the history of yu and its relationship with lgbt rights, as well as relevant case law concerning religious education, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, and religious exemptions. The paper concludes with a discussion of the legal options a SCbRMU has when faced with these issues, including shedding part of its identity (either the religious or the secular), maintaining the status quo, and defiance. Ultimately, none of the options are ideal for such an institution, and the nature of the conflict for yu, when discrimination against funding religious institutions leads to the financial need for a secular charter, and the school’s secular status then leads to difficulty receiving a religious exemption from anti-discrimination laws, show that society is not tolerant of ambiguity in this scenario, and institutions are better served if they avoid these contradictions.
¿Aviso o Alerta? Developing Effective, Inclusive, and Consistent Watch and Warning Translations for U.S. Spanish Speakers
Authors: Trujillo-Falcón Joseph E. , Gaviria Pabón América R. , Ripberger Joseph T. , Bitterman Abby , Thornton Jonathan B. , Krocak Makenzie J. , Ernst Sean R. , Obeso Estilita Cassiani , Lipski John
Published: September 2022

Spanish-speaking populations in the United States are more vulnerable in disaster contexts due to inequities, such as language barriers, that prevent them from receiving life-saving information. For the past couple of decades, governmental organizations have addressed these issues by translating weather watches, warnings, and advisories into Spanish. Previous studies suggest that these Spanish translations do not communicate the same level of urgency as their English counterparts. To identify whether these translated products result in inequities between English and Spanish speaker reception and comprehension of forecast information, we asked a representative sample of U.S. English (n = 1,550) and Spanish (n = 1,050) speakers to correctly identify the translations of weather watches and warnings and found significant language inequities. Additionally, we asked U.S. Spanish speakers to indicate the urgency they felt when shown different Spanish words used in weather watch and warning translations. When presented with various translations for watch and warning terminology, respondents consistently rated aviso, the current translation of warning by the NWS and FEMA, as less urgent than many other alternatives. Additionally, the current translation of advisory, advertencia, communicated more urgency than both existing watch and warning translations in Spanish. To increase the effectiveness of severe weather messaging in multilingual contexts, translations should take into consideration factors such as culture and dialects of Spanish speakers in the United States and focus on translating the meaning, not the words, of key risk statements in weather products. We recommend vigilancia for “watch” and alerta for “warning” as research-supported terminologies to communicate urgency in Spanish.
High Triglyceride–Glucose Index is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Karadeniz Fatma Özpamuk , Sancaktepe Emine Altuntaş , Karadeniz Yusuf
Published: September 2022

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is calculated from fasting triglycerides and fasting glucose levels and is an indicator of insulin resistance. The present study investigates whether the TyG index has a role in predicting clinical outcomes in cases of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This retrospective study included 646 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 1048 patients with non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). The association between major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) that developed in-hospital and at 60 months of follow-up and TyG index values were compared. Patients were divided into 2 groups: TyG index values of ≥8.65 and <8.65. During the hospital stay and 60 months of follow-up, 303 MACEs occurred. In both the STEMI and NSTEMI groups, as the TyG index increased, an increase was observed in MACE rates. MACE rates were also found to be highest in the group with TyG index ≥8.65 ( P < .001). TyG index, C-reactive protein, and age were independent predictors of MACEs in both the NSTEMI and STEMI groups. The present study found a significant association between higher TyG index values and increased risk of MACEs in ACS patients. The TyG index may prove useful to predict clinical outcomes in ACS patients.
Psychological distress in siblings of people with mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jayasinghe Anuradhi , Wrobel Anna , Filia Kate , Byrne Linda K , Melvin Glenn , Berk Lesley , Berk Michael , Cotton Sue
Published: September 2022

Objective:

The objective of this study was to characterise the prevalence and/or severity of psychological distress (namely, depression and anxiety symptoms) in siblings of people with mental illness (MI) and to examine correlates of distress in siblings of people with MI.

Method:

Studies comparing distress in individuals with and without a sibling with MI were eligible. Studies reporting on correlates of distress in siblings were also eligible. A search of MEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO and Embase was conducted up until 17 March 2022.

Results:

Fifteen studies comprising 2304 siblings and 2263 comparison individuals were included. Meta-analyses indicated individuals with a sibling with MI experience significantly greater depressive symptoms (Hedges’s g = 0.53, 95% CI = [0.32, 0.73], siblings n = 1962, comparison individuals n = 2248) and anxiety symptoms (Hedges’s g = 0.40, 95% CI = [0.19, 0.61], siblings n = 653, comparison individuals n = 533) than those without. The sibling relationship, siblings’ locus of control, interpersonal functioning and their appraisal of the impacts of MI were identified as important and potentially modifiable correlates.

Conclusion:

Individuals with a sibling with MI experience greater depressive and anxiety symptoms than those without and would likely benefit from support. Future studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying distress in siblings.
Targeted community-based programmes for children’s mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Australian literature
Authors: Savaglio Melissa , Yap Marie BH , O’Donnell Renee , Skouteris Helen
Published: September 2022

Objective:

No synthesis of the Australian evidence regarding targeted prevention and early intervention for mental health concerns among young children exists. This review aimed to (1) describe the types of targeted community-based mental health programmes evaluated in Australia to support children aged 1–9 years exhibiting internalising and/or externalising symptoms and (2) examine their impact on children’s internalising and externalising symptoms and disorder diagnosis.

Method:

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted (PROSPERO: CRD42021255257). Four databases (PsycINFO, PsycArticles, MEDLINE and CINAHL) were searched for Australian studies published in the past 10 years that quantitatively evaluated the impact of a targeted programme on children’s mental health. The National Institute of Health Quality Assessment Tools were used to evaluate the study quality.

Results:

Forty-two studies were included; the majority (67%) were medium quality. The mean sample size was 142 (SD = 170), children’s average age was 5.78 years (SD = 2.44) and 58% were male. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children were underrepresented. Studies evaluated 16 programmes that targeted (1) externalising symptoms ( n = 20 studies, n = 6 programmes), (2) internalising symptoms ( n = 14 studies, n = 7 programmes) or (3) both, termed transdiagnostic programmes ( n = 8 studies, n = 3 programmes). Externalising programmes achieved a significant moderate mean reduction in externalising behaviours (standardised mean differences = −0.56), internalising programmes yielded a small mean improvement in anxiety symptoms (standardised mean differences = −0.25) and 57% reduced odds of anxiety disorder diagnosis. Evidence supporting transdiagnostic programmes was inconclusive.

Conclusion:

Parenting-focused programmes targeting young children’s internalising or externalising behaviours have the largest local evidence base supporting their effectiveness. Limitations include a lack of engagement with fathers, triangulation of outcomes, homogeneity and implementation reporting. Greater implementation and evaluation of community-driven integrated and systemic approaches that identify, engage and support Australia’s most disadvantaged cohorts of young children and their families are needed.
Unsettling West-centrism in the study of professional service firms
Authors: Boussebaa Mehdi
Published: September 2022

Over the last two decades, research on professional service firms has developed into an important subfield of management studies. In this article, I offer a postcolonial critique of this subfield. I show that it is not only built almost exclusively on studies conducted in the West but also generally presents its theorizing as though it were universal. This is despite the field being mostly focused on transnational firms. It is also despite professional service firm scholars generally being distinctly sensitive to (organizational) difference and having no steadfast commitment to positivism. Importantly, I also contend that professional service firm scholarship tends to construct an image of Western professionals as bearers of universal experience, knowledge and ‘professional’ culture while overlooking, if not obscuring, their role in neo-colonialism. Thus, what started as a useful effort to study an unusual – ‘professional’ – type of organization appears to have evolved into a West-centric scholarly enterprise. I urge scholars to recognize and interrogate the problem and work self-reflexively to address it in their own research – and I offer suggestions to that end. My contribution also has implications for the postcolonial critique in management studies and related efforts to decolonize the field.
Master of Public Health Education in the United States Today: Building Leaders of the Future
Authors: Meredith Genevive R. , Welter Christina R. , Risley Kris , Seweryn Steven M. , Altfeld Susan , Jarpe-Ratner Elizabeth A.
Published: September 2022

Objectives:

For decades, there have been calls to action to change the status quo of public health education in the United States to respond to workforce needs and help reinforce capacity. During the last 10 years, schools and programs of public health have planned and implemented programmatic and curricular changes. This study explored the focus of master of public health (MPH) education in the United States today.

Methods:

We used a 3-phase mixed-methods study to compile data to describe the current state and focus of MPH education in the United States via survey data collection (November–December 2019), semistructured interviews (January–February 2020), and document reviews.

Results:

Survey responses represented at least 43% (93/215) of eligible MPH programs in the United States. Most respondents (86%, 99/115) reported that the primary focus of MPH education in the United States is to prepare graduates for public health practice and employment linked to public health, and 54% (59/109) reported that their MPH programs adopted this focus in the last 5 years. MPH programs invested in student learning, competence development, and supporting workforce readiness, including a focus on leadership abilities. Programs noted that they seek to develop strategic thinkers and engaged leaders with abilities to understand and address emergent public health needs.

Conclusions:

Public health education in the United States is in a period of change. MPH programs reported responding to workforce needs by closing gaps in workforce capacity and developing compassionate and professional leaders who can understand needs, collaborating with communities, and facilitating action that will ameliorate health disparities and promote social injustice by practicing public health in new ways.
Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 on the Health of Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander People in the United States, 2021
Authors: Subica Andrew M. , Aitaoto Nia , Li Qiuxi , Morey Brittany N. , Wu Li-Tzy , Iwamoto Derek K. , Guerrero Erick G. , Moss Howard B.
Published: September 2022

Objectives:

Minimal research has assessed COVID-19’s unique impact on the Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (NH/PI) population—an Indigenous-colonized racial group with social and health disparities that increase their risk for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. To address this gap, we explored the scope of COVID-19 outcomes, vaccination status, and health in diverse NH/PI communities.

Methods:

NH/PI staff at partner organizations collected survey data from April through November 2021 from 319 community-dwelling NH/PI adults in 5 states with large NH/PI populations: Arkansas, California, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson χ2 tests, independent and paired t tests, and linear and logistic regression analyses.

Results:

During the COVID-19 pandemic, 30% of survey participants had contracted COVID-19, 16% had a close family member who died of the disease, and 64% reported COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Thirty percent reported fair/poor health, 21% currently smoked cigarettes, and 58% reported obesity. Survey participants reported heightened COVID-19–related psychosocial distress (mean score = 4.9 on 10-point scale), which was more likely when health outcomes (general health, sleep, obesity) were poor or a family member had died of COVID-19. Logistic regression indicated that age, experiencing COVID-19 distress, and past-year use of influenza vaccines were associated with higher odds of COVID-19 vaccine uptake (1.06, 1.18, and 7.58 times, respectively).

Conclusions:

Our empirical findings highlight the acute and understudied negative impact of COVID-19 on NH/PI communities in the United States and suggest new avenues for improving NH/PI community health, vaccination, and recovery from COVID-19.
Delay sampled-data stabilization of stochastic multi-weights networks with Lévy noise
Authors: Zhou Hui , Yang Wanyan
Published: September 2022

This paper introduces a modified sampled-data control for solving the stabilized problem of stochastic complex multi-weights networks with time delay and Lévy noise, where the sampled states depend on a time varying delay. That is, we design a class of delay sampled-data control to stabilize the given stochastic complex multi-weights networks with time delay and Lévy noise in the sense of exponential stability in mean square. Using the Lyapunov method, graph theory, and some techniques of inequality, several types stabilized criteria are obtained. The control law is determined simultaneously, which depends on the perturbed intensity of noise, the coupling strength, time delays, and the lower and upper bounds of sampling intervals. In particular, as a practical application of our theoretical results, the stabilized problem of stochastic delayed oscillator networks with Lévy noise and multi-weights is researched, and the correlative numerical simulations are provided for illustration.
A Tailored Approach: A model for literature searching in complex systematic reviews
Authors: Cooper Chris , Booth Andrew , Husk Kerryn , Lovell Rebecca , Frost Julia , Schauberger Ute , Britten Nicky , Garside Ruth
Published: September 2022

Our previous work identified that nine leading guidance documents for seven different types of systematic review advocated the same process of literature searching. We defined and illustrated this process and we named it ‘the Conventional Approach’. The Conventional Approach appears to meet the needs of researchers undertaking literature searches for systematic reviews of clinical interventions. In this article, we report a new and alternate process model of literature searching called ‘A Tailored Approach’. A Tailored Approach is indicated as a search process for complex reviews which do not focus on the evaluation of clinical interventions. The aims of this article are to (1) explain the rationale for, and the theories behind, the design of A Tailored Approach; (2) report the current conceptual illustration of A Tailored Approach and to describe a user’s interaction with the process model; and (3) situate the elements novel to A Tailored Approach (when compared with the Conventional Approach) in the relevant literature. A Tailored Approach suggests investing time at the start of a review, to develop the information needs from the research objectives, and to tailor the search approach to studies or data. Tailored Approaches should be led by the information specialist (librarian) but developed by the research team. The aim is not necessarily to focus on comprehensive retrieval. Further research is indicated to evaluate the use of supplementary search methods, methods of team-working to define search approaches, and to evaluate the use of conceptual models of information retrieval for testing and evaluation.
Information overload and misinformation sharing behaviour of social media users: Testing the moderating role of cognitive ability
Authors: Apuke Oberiri Destiny , Omar Bahiyah , Tunca Elif Asude , Gever Celestine Verlumun
Published: September 2022

Sharing of misinformation on social media platforms is a global concern, with research offering little insight into the motives behind such sharing. Drawing from the cognitive load theory and literature on cognitive ability, we developed and tested a research model hypothesising why people share misinformation. We also tested the moderating role of cognitive ability. We obtained data from 385 social media users in Nigeria using a chain referral technique with an online questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. Our findings suggest that information overload and social media fatigue are strong predictors of misinformation sharing. Information stress also contributed to misinformation sharing behaviour. Furthermore, cognitive ability moderated and weakened the effect information strain and information overload have on misinformation sharing in such a way that this effect is more pronounced among those with low cognitive ability. This indicates that those with low cognitive ability have a higher tendency to share misinformation. However, cognitive ability had no effect on the effect social media fatigue has on misinformation sharing behaviour. The study concluded with some theoretical and practical implications.
Positive illusions about dyadic perspective-taking as a moderator of the association between attachment insecurity and marital satisfaction
Authors: Rigby Richard A. , Cobb Rebecca J.
Published: September 2022

Attachment insecurity (i.e., attachment anxiety or avoidance) puts people at risk for dissatisfying relationships. However, the dyadic regulation model of insecurity buffering suggests that an understanding and responsive partner may help insecure individuals to regulate emotions, thus improving couples’ relationships. It may also be that perceiving partners as understanding and empathic, especially in an exaggeratedly positive way (i.e., positive illusions) will buffer insecurity. In 196 mixed-gender newlywed couples, we investigated whether spouses’ positive illusions about partner’s dyadic perspective-taking moderated the association between spouses’ attachment insecurity and spouses’ and partners’ marital satisfaction over two years. Positive illusions generally predicted more satisfying relationships and attachment avoidance consistently predicted more dissatisfying relationships. There were also several instances where multilevel modeling indicated that positive illusions of dyadic perspective-taking buffered the negative effects of attachment avoidance on relationship satisfaction. However, there was also potentiation such that in two instances, positive illusions about dyadic perspective-taking strengthened the association between spouses’ insecurity (husbands’ attachment anxiety and wives’ attachment avoidance) and subsequent marital dissatisfaction. In the moment, positive illusions about dyadic perspective-taking may allow spouses to feel happy in their relationship despite fear of emotional intimacy; however, positive illusions may not continue to buffer effects of insecurity on subsequent relationship satisfaction and may even be harmful in the face of insecurity.
The use of patient experience feedback in rehabilitation quality improvement and codesign activities: Scoping review of the literature
Authors: Jesus TS , Stern BZ , Struhar J , Deutsch A , Heinemann AW
Published: September 2022

Objective

To characterize the literature, reported enablers, and gaps on the use of patient experience feedback for person-centered rehabilitation quality improvement and codesign activities.

Design

Scoping Review.

Data sources

Scientific databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Rehabdata, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest), website searches (e.g. Beryl Institute), snowballing, and key-informant recommendations.

Methods

Two independent reviewers performed title and abstract screenings and full-text reviews. Eligibility focused on English-language, peer-reviewed (all time) and gray literature (last five years) that used patient experience feedback in rehabilitation improvement activities. The aims, settings, methods, findings, implications, and reported limitations were extracted, followed by content analyses identifying reported enablers and gaps.

Results

Among the 901 unique references and 52 full texts reviewed, ten were included: four used patient experience surveys for improving patient experiences; six used codesign methodologies to engage patient feedback in service improvement activities. Implementation enablers included securing managerial support, having a structured methodology and facilitator, using efficient processes, engaging staff experiences, and using appreciative inquiry. Reported study gaps included limited follow-up, low sample sizes, analytical limitations, lack of reported limitations, or narrow range of perspectives (e.g. not from people with severe impairments).

Conclusion

Few examples of the use of patient experience feedback in quality improvement or codesign activities were found in the rehabilitation literature. Patient experience improvement activities relied exclusively on retrospective survey data, which were not combined with often more actionable forms (e.g. qualitative, real time) of patient experience feedback. Further research might consider design of activities that collect and use patient experience feedback for rehabilitation service improvements.
Prefrontal cortex and putamen grey matter alterations in cannabis and tobacco users
Authors: Daniju Yusuf , Faulkner Paul , Brandt Kaz , Allen Paul
Published: September 2022

Background:

Previous magnetic resonance imaging studies in regular cannabis users report altered grey matter volume (GMV) in brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), putamen and hippocampus. However, most studies have tended to recruit recreational users with high levels of cannabis use, and have not controlled for the possible confounding effects of tobacco use. We attempt to address these limitations in the present study.

Methods:

We acquired volumetric images in sex, age and IQ-matched groups of (1) regular Cannabis users who also smoke Tobacco cigarettes (‘CT’; n = 33), (2) non-cannabis-using Tobacco cigarette smokers (‘T’; n = 19) and (3) non-cannabis/tobacco-using Controls (‘C’; n = 35). GMV in bilateral PFC, putamen and hippocampal regions was compared across groups. We also examined the associations between GMV differences and levels of cannabis and tobacco use, measures of intellectual function, and of depression, anxiety and stress.

Results:

Relative to controls, both CT and T groups showed lower GMV in the left inferior frontal gyrus, and greater GMV in the putamen. In addition, lower GMV in the right frontal pole in the CT group (but not the T group) was associated with lifetime cannabis use, but not with cigarette use.

Conclusions:

Regular cannabis users who also smoked tobacco cigarettes showed altered GMV patterns relative to controls. However, a similar pattern of GMV differences was also seen between regular tobacco users that did not use cannabis. Further research is needed to disentangle the effects of cannabis and tobacco use on brain structure.
Personalized Recommendation in the Adaptive Learning System: The Role of Adaptive Testing Technology
Authors: Dai Jing , Gu Xiaoqing , Zhu Jiawen
Published: September 2022

Personalized recommendation plays an important role on content selection during the adaptive learning process. It is always a challenge on how to recommend effective items to improve learning performance. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of applying adaptive testing technology for personalized recommendation. We proposed the adaptation of applicable adaptive testing technology as a solution based on the widely accepted teaching philosophy that providing learners with challenging content can stimulate their potential and improve their performance. Specifically, we adapted item selection algorithms to make the difficulty of recommended items above the learner’s current knowledge level on the basis of the uniform scale of learner’s ability and item difficulty in the adaptive testing area. Participants were recruited from two classes in a junior middle school, one served as the experimental group by applying the adaptive testing recommendation, and the other served as the control group by applying the random recommendation. The results showed that the experimental group students achieved significantly higher scores and demonstrated higher learning abilities than the control group students. Therefore, the adapted testing technology that is being used for personalized recommendation is effective in improving learning performance.
Archival insights into vulnerability and risk management during the early Spanish colonial period (1598–1680 AD) in New Mexico
Authors: Dawson Emily , Trigg Heather
Published: September 2022

Risk and vulnerability are especially acute for colonizing populations due to their limited knowledge of the environment in newly settled areas and constrained social networks. Focusing on the initial settlement of the New Mexico colony, this paper examines the social response of Spanish colonists to vulnerability and risk during the early colonial period (AD 1598–1680). We use historical documents and modern weather records to assess the strategies implemented by 17th-century colonists to mitigate their vulnerability to the effects of unfamiliar, arid environmental conditions. The Spanish Crown had developed risk-reducing practices that encouraged successful establishment of colonies, including technological methods such as irrigation ditches and social methods such as tithing. However, these strategies made certain social and ethnic groups more vulnerable than others, ultimately contributing to the destruction of the New Mexico colony during the Pueblo Revolt in 1680. We argue that vulnerability buffering mechanisms are unevenly distributed across society. Systems of power must be considered when evaluating the effectiveness of social responses to risk.
The Promise and Peril of Genetics
Authors: Dick Danielle M.
Published: September 2022

Human genetics is advancing at an unprecedented pace. Improvements in genotyping technology and rapidly falling costs have accelerated gene discovery. We can now comprehensively scan the genome, testing variation across millions of genetic markers, to identify specific variants associated with any outcome of interest. Large consortia consisting of hundreds of scientists are analyzing data from hundreds of thousands to millions of individuals. Multivariate methods now enable us to identify genes involved in underlying processes, to complement studies focused on specific disorders or traits. There has been an exponential increase in use of direct-to-consumer genetic feedback platforms. These advances are poised to have a widespread effect on medicine and society. However, with such rapid progress will come ethical, social, and legal challenges. Among those challenges are the needs for increased efforts to enhance public understanding of the ways genes contribute to complex behavioral outcomes and for increased diversity in the field of genetics to ensure that all people benefit from advances.
Analysis of the Rate of Confirmed COVID-19 Cases in Seoul and Factors Affecting It Using Big Data Analysis
Authors: Yang San-Duk , Park Hyun-Seok
Published: September 2022

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and presents with mild to severe symptoms. Vaccines have been developed, but COVID-19 persists. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze big data at an early stage to establish an effective infection prevention strategy. To reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection, this study aimed to analyze the infection factors by region within Seoul, Korea and identify the major factors affecting the infection rate. For ease of data aggregation, the study was conducted after a data refinement operation that organized data in the same group into categories, and classified them in detail by specific keywords. Based on the results of this study, if preventive measures are established after identifying the representative infectious factors, periods, and routes of COVID-19 infection, the infection rate could be effectively reduced in the future.
Reliability improvement in Hallux Valgus measurement using weight-Bearing CT scan
Authors: Prusmetikul Suwimol , Laohajaroensombat Sukij , Orapin Jakrapong , Pittayasoponkij Pongsakorn , Buranawongtrakoon Supakorn , Tawonsawatruk Tulyapruek
Published: September 2022

Background: Radiographic assessment of hallux valgus is an essential process. Residual rotational deformity was shown associated with higher recurrent rate. This study aims to comprehensively assess reliability of measurement of various parameters from plain films and weight-bearing CT scan. Methods: A total of 40 pre-operative plain radiographs, 40 post-operative plain radiographs, and 37 weight-bearing CT scan were evaluated to determine reliability of hallux valgus parameters. Results: TSP and head shape representing coronal plane deformity showed lower inter-observer reliability compared to other parameters using for transverse plane evaluation especially in post-operative period. (post-op TSP amongst 3 assessors: κ = 0.386, 0.520, 0.340; post-op head shape: κ = 0.374, 0.375, 0.295) Using α angle for evaluation 1st metatarsal rotation in weight-bearing CT scan demonstrated very good reliability for inter-observer (ICC = 0.853 (95% CI = 0.715–0.925)) and intra-observer (ICC = 0.902 (95% CI = 0.844–0.939)). Conclusion: Weight-bearing CT scan can improve reliability in post-operative coronal plane assessment.
Medical-Legal Partnerships Facilitate Patient-Provider Cost of Care Conversations: A Multisite Qualitative Study in the U.S.
Authors: Edward Jean S. , Northrip Kimberly D. , Welker Andrea , Costich Julia F.
Published: September 2022

This study examines the impact of medical-legal partnerships on facilitating and managing outcomes of patient-provider cost of care conversations. We conducted 96 semi-structured interviews with 18 patients and 78 medical-legal partnership personnel from 10 states between March and November of 2020. The presence of legal staff helped strengthen interdisciplinary collaborations and build confidence among providers around addressing health-harming legal needs through effective cost of care conversations. Medical-legal partnerships with well-established provider training opportunities reported effective cost of care conversations, improved patient outcomes, and increased return on investment for health systems. Lack of time, knowledge, and training were identified as barriers to clinicians engaging in cost of care conversations. Positive patient outcomes included improved access to public benefits, health benefits, financial benefits, special education services, stable housing, and food. Medical-legal partnerships facilitate effective patient-provider cost of care conversations that improve patients’ medical, legal, and social service outcomes.
Settling the Score: Can CPT-3 Embedded Validity Indicators Distinguish Between Credible and Non-Credible Responders Referred for ADHD and/or SLD?
Authors: Robinson Anthony , Reed Christopher , Davis Katrail , Divers Ross , Miller Luke , Erdodi Laszlo A. , Calamia Matthew
Published: September 2022

Objective:

The purpose of the present study was to further investigate the clinical utility of individual and composite indicators within the CPT-3 as embedded validity indicators (EVIs) given the discrepant findings of previous investigations.

Methods:

A total of 201 adults undergoing psychoeducational evaluation for ADHD and/or Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) were divided into credible ( n = 159) and non-credible ( n = 42) groups based on five criterion measures.

Results:

Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) revealed that 5/9 individual indicators and 2/4 composite indicators met minimally acceptable classification accuracy of ≥0.70 (AUC = 0.43–0.78). Individual (0.16–0.45) and composite indicators (0.23–0.35) demonstrated low sensitivity when using cutoffs that maintained specificity ≥90%.

Conclusion:

Given the lack of stability across studies, further research is needed before recommending any specific cutoff be used in clinical practice with individuals seeking psychoeducational assessment.
An Evidence-Based Practice Synthesis of Virtual Manipulatives for Students With ASD and IDD
Authors: Long Holly M. , Bouck Emily C. , Kelly Hailey
Published: September 2022

Virtual manipulatives are increasingly being used to support students with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual and developmental disability (ASD/IDD), in mathematics. However, to date, virtual manipulatives have not been examined or classified as an evidence-based practice for students with ASD/IDD, despite classifications of virtual manipulatives as evidence-based for students with learning disabilities (LD; Park, Bouck, & Fisher, 2021) and concrete manipulatives as evidence-based for students with ASD/IDD (Spooner et al., 2019). The purpose of this review was to assess the current state of the literature on virtual manipulatives and determine whether virtual manipulatives are an evidence-based practice for students with ASD/IDD. Eighteen of the 24 articles located for the review met quality indicators according to Cook et al. (2014) and presented positive results for the 42 students. The authors of this synthesis concluded virtual manipulatives broadly—and virtual manipulative-based instructional sequences disaggregated—are evidence-based practices in mathematics for students with ASD/IDD.
Predictors of ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter failure: A secondary analysis of existing trial data
Authors: Bahl Amit , Millard Michael , Hijazi Mahmoud , Chen Nai-Wei
Published: September 2022

Objectives:

Ultrasound-guided (US) peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVC) have a high failure rate with many failing prior to completion of therapy. Risk factors associated with catheter failure are poorly delineated. This study aimed to assess risk factors related to catheter failure including patient, procedure, catheter, and vein characteristics to further elucidate which variables may impact catheter longevity.

Methods:

This was a secondary analysis using an existing trial dataset that primarily compared survival of two catheters: a standard long (SL) and an ultra-long (UL) US PIVC. Adult emergency room patients with difficult intravenous access at a tertiary care suburban academic center were study participants. Kaplan-Meier was employed to estimate the median catheter survival time. Cox regression univariable and multivariable analyses were used to evaluate the primary outcome of catheter survival.

Results:

Among 257 subjects, 63% of PIVCs survived until completion of therapy. In a multivariable Cox regression model, length of catheter in vein >2.75 cm (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37–0.90, p = 0.01) was associated with improved survival. First stick success decreased the risk of catheter failure (aHR 0.68, 95% CI 0.44–1.06, p = 0.09) but was not statistically significant. Factors associated with the increased risk of catheter failure included: depth of vein >1.2 cm (aHR 1.68, 95% CI 1.06–2.66, p = 0.03) and PIVC placement in right extremity (aHR 1.64, 95% CI 1.07–2.51, p = 0.02).

Conclusions:

This study demonstrated that catheter length in vein (>2.75 cm) was associated with improved US PIVC survival highlighting the value of longer catheters in US PIVC survival. Choosing targets in the non-dominant extremity with shallower depths (⩽1.2 cm) may also increase catheter survival.
Teaching management in the context of Grand Challenges: A pragmatist approach
Authors: Mailhot Chantale , Lachapelle Marc D
Published: September 2022

This article builds on the pragmatist approach of Grand Challenges to derive pedagogical strategies for management education, especially for courses that aim to prepare students to face the unprecedented context of multi-crises. The notion of Grand Challenges, used to frame the multiple problematic situations that characterize the context, echoes the flourishing literature on responsible management learning and education, which claims an urgent need to rethink management education to deal with issues of increasing inequality, human rights, and climate change. The responsible management learning and education literature encompasses three pedagogical approaches, including a pragmatist approach. We rely on Dewey’s pragmatist philosophy of education to enrich this approach and develop pedagogical strategies for preparing students to intervene in the context of Grand Challenges. We suggest a view of knowledge as tool for transformation and of the classroom as a community of inquiry working to intervene in problematic situations. We illustrate the strength of these pedagogical strategies through an account of an educational experience in a course of Design and Management of Social Innovation.
A theory based examination of factors associated with male body hair removal
Authors: Obst Patricia , Juillerat Thomas , White Katherine
Published: September 2022

Male body hair removal has implications for men’s mental health such as anxiety about body image. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and relevant additional constructs, this research examined factors associated with young men’s upper body and pubic hair removal. Young men residing in Australia completed a pilot survey, online survey ( N = 655) of predictors of intention (plans) to remove body hair and a 4-week follow up survey ( n = 222) reporting body hair removal behaviour. Attitudes about body hair removal, pressure from others, perceptions of control and similarity to prototypical young men who removed body hair were associated with intention for upper body (60%) and pubic (48%) hair removal. Intention was significantly associated with body hair removal behaviours. These findings indicate social pressure was associated with young men’s decisions to remove body hair, pointing to sources of potential intervention.
Validation of a ride comfort simulation strategy on an electric Stewart Platform for real road driving applications
Authors: Arconada Verónica Santos , García-Barruetabeña Jon , Haas Rainer
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the validation of the comfort simulation strategy on an electric Stewart Platform under road driving scenarios is explained. First, an introduction to the vibroacoustic comfort theory in passenger cars is presented. Second, the Stewart Platform used for the validation process is explained. Third, the methodology conducted for the validation of a hexapod for ride comfort applications is detailed. Finally, the Stewart Platform has been validated under real world road driving scenarios for the 6 degrees-of-freedom by means of the Vibration Dose Value. The final goal of the validation strategy of the electric Stewart Platform is to perform ride and comfort studies in a driving simulator for the 1–10 Hz frequency range.
Wrinkling limit curves with consideration of anisotropic behaviour for the deep drawing of aluminium sheet alloys
Authors: Panich Sansot , Uthaisangsuk Vitoon
Published: September 2022

In this work, a combined experimental and finite-element (FE)-based approach was introduced for determining the wrinkling limit curves (WLCs) of sheet metals during forming processes. Aluminium sheets of grade AA5052-O and AA5052-H32 with different formabilities and anisotropic behaviours were investigated. Modified Yoshida buckling tests were carried out for aluminium sheets in both the rolling (RD) and transverse direction (TD). In parallel, FE simulations of the buckling tests were conducted, in which the Hill’48 (both r- and stress-based) yield criteria and Swift strain hardening law were incorporated. Local principal strain histories of observed wrinkle areas on both surfaces of samples were gathered from the simulations and the state of wrinkling initiation was then identified at the inclination of these strain paths. The calculated strain values were verified with developed compressive stresses as well as corresponding strains measured by a digital image correlation technique. The influences of material anisotropies and used yield functions on the determined WLCs were discussed. Subsequently, the determined WLCs were applied for evaluating non-flange wrinkling formation during a rectangular cup drawing test. The forming tests were experimentally and numerically performed for the examined aluminium sheets in both RD and TD. It was found that strain distributions of critical side wall areas at predicted wrinkling onset and severe wrinkle states were well correlated with the WLCs. Thus, WLCs based on the r-based criterion could more accurately describe the non-flange wrinkling incidents of the cup-drawn samples than those of the stress-based model.
Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy of Three-Dimensional Guiding Templates and Free Hand Technique for Cervical Pedicle Screw Fixation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: He Yan-xing , Shang Qi-song , Feng Lin , Li Hai-bo , Han Long , Zhou Dong , Jiang Yu-qing
Published: September 2022

Aim. To compare the safety and efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-assisted three-dimensional guiding templates (3DGTs) and free-hand (FH) technique for posterior cervical pedicle screw fixation in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) treatment. Methods. Thirty-five patients (216 screws) with CSM and developmental cervical stenosis were randomly divided into groups A (FH) and B (3DGTs). All patients underwent modified posterior surgery with cervical pedicle screw insertion (C1-7). Preoperative, postoperative, and intergroup comparisons of efficacy were evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), and Short Form 12 (SF-12) scores and JOA score improvement rate. Incidence of intra- and postoperative complications was analyzed. Postoperative cervical spine CT was performed to evaluate (i) the pedicle screws’ deviation angle from the optimal path (sagittal deviation, α; coronal deviation angle, β), screw insertion point’s deviation distance (d), and screw accuracy and (ii) the deviation angle and distance of screw entrance point of pedicle screws from the optimal channel. Results. All patients successfully completed the procedures. Groups A and B did not significantly differ in age, sex ratio, body mass index, operative time, or intraoperative blood loss amount. Postoperative VAS, JOA, and SF-12 scores improved in both groups. VAS, JOA, or SF-12 scores did not significantly differ between the 2 groups. The α, β, and d scores were lower in group B, but accuracy was higher in group B. Conclusions. 3DGTs and FH technique show comparable outcomes with respect to neurological improvement and safety.
One Size Does Not Fit All: How Leadership Strategies Affect Teacher Satisfaction and Retention
Authors: Baker Rebecca , Hill Jenny , Portwood Brittany , Smith-Harrah Erin , Hall Sutherland Daniella
Published: September 2022

Teacher retention rates continue to plummet at schools across the nation. A principal at Sunnyside Elementary watches firsthand as the revolving door of teachers increases significantly in her brief 3 years of leadership at this school. Once well-known and highly regarded at an award-winning school in the northeast, the principal struggles to delegate, communicate, and acclimate to a high-needs school in the southeastern United States. Yet the practices that worked so well in the northeast sends many of her teachers to search for greener pastures year after year. This case study examines leadership for retention, including communication, organizational climate, and relationship development.
Pharmacological Investigation of Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav. for its Potential Against Thrombosis in Experimental Models
Authors: Gul Humaira , Jamshed Ayesha , Jabeen Qaiser
Published: September 2022

Background

Thrombosis is a major disorder which is an outcome of an imbalance in the hemostatic system that develop undesirable blood clot and hinder blood circulation.

Purpose

The current study was designed to verify the potential of aqueous methanolic crude extract of Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav . (At.Cr), used traditionally as remedy in circulatory problems.

Research Design

Antioxidant activity, FTIR, and HPLC analysis were performed. In-vitro clot lysis assay was performed on human blood samples, and in-vivo acute pulmonary thromboembolism model was developed by administering the mixture of collagen and epinephrine in tail vein of mice. Carrageenan-induced thrombosis and FeCl3-induced carotid arterial thrombosis models were developed in rats.

Results

At.Cr demonstrated significant increase in lysis of human blood clot. Bleeding and clotting times were increased dose-dependently. Lungs histology showed clear alveolar spaces with decreased red blood cells congestion. Reduction in infarcted tail length, augmentation in prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time with decrease in platelet count were observed. At.Cr also prolonged the arterial occlusion time and reduced the weight of thrombus and TXB2 levels dose-dependently.

Conclusions

The results demonstrated the antithrombotic and thrombolytic potential of At.Cr due to activation of coagulation factors through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.