bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Targeting Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress: Potential Neuroprotective Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: He Zhao , Zhang Can , Liang Jia-Xing , Zheng Fan-Fan , Qi Xiao-Ying , Gao Feng
Published: October 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious central nervous system (CNS) injury disease related to hypoxia-ischemia and inflammation. It is characterized by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative damage to nerve cells, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria serve as the primary cellular origin of ROS, wherein the electron transfer chain complexes within oxidative phosphorylation frequently encounter electron leakage. These leaked electrons react with molecular oxygen, engendering the production of ROS, which culminates in the occurrence of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is one of the common forms of secondary injury after SCI. Mitochondrial oxidative stress can lead to impaired mitochondrial function and disrupt cellular signal transduction pathways. Hence, restoring mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), reducing ROS production and enhancing mitochondrial function may be potential strategies for the treatment of SCI. This article focuses on the pathophysiological role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in SCI and evaluates in detail the neuroprotective effects of various mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant therapies in SCI, including both drug and non-drug therapy. The objective is to provide valuable insights and serve as a valuable reference for future research in the field of SCI.
Can R&D Transfer and Market Openness Improve the National Export Rate? A Global Entrepreneur Perspective
Authors: Putri Devani Nariratya , Hermawan Iwan , Zaenuddin Achmad
Published: October 2023

R&D Transfer gives birth to an understanding of the importance of the role of the latest applied research in developing entrepreneurs to compete in the global market. The global market that continues to be dynamic allows the emergence of various access restrictions that make it difficult for entrepreneurs, so the existence of market openness is needed as an entry point for entrepreneurs into the global market. This study aims to solve the gap of a significant decrease in world export levels in 2020 by 2.1%. This problem is considered crucial because this is the worst decline in the last decade. The data in this study was taken through secondary data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and the World Bank from various countries on five continents in the 2019-2021 data period. The data is processed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis instruments. This study empirically requires that the existence of R&D Transfer can encourage market openness to increase the export rate with a direct effect of 0.577. Thus, R&D Transfer has proven to be able to create new applied research and technology that encourages the creation of market openness for entrepreneurs so that they can compete in the global market and lead to an increase in the National Export Rate. Therefore, the practical implications of this study show that countries need to encourage the existence of R&D Transfer through the fulfillment of Physical Infrastructure and Government Support to increase market opening for increased exports.
The Commissioner for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration Office in South Africa: Serving the Interest of the Powerful or the Powerless?
Authors: Sebola Mokoko
Published: October 2023

Legislatively, the Office of the Commissioner for Conciliation Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) in the South was created to ensure a fast, convenient, and fair labour dispute mechanism within the labour force environment. While some believe that the Office is fair in the adjudication of cases brought to them, this article argues differently from such held viewpoint. This article argues that the Office of the CCMA largely serves the interest of the Powerful (Employers) and largely ignores the Powerless (Employees). There are few if any, scholarly articles which addressed this crucial element of injustice against the working class in South Africa, which emanates from the ineffective operation of this institution. This article is conceptual in approach, and it uses literature to argue that the current ineffective systems used in the CCMA office ensure little security and protection of employees' rights against well-resourced and labour-abusive employers. The article concludes that the unfair balance of consideration of the interests of the employers and employees at the CCMA renders the purpose of the office ineffective, with no valid moral reason to exist in South Africa.
Governance, Ethics and Public Service Delivery: The Ramifications of Corruption
Authors: Masenya Malesela Jim , Mthombeni Admire
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the repercussions of corrupt practices in the South African public sector and to recognise the critical need for ethical control to promote good governance. Since the advent of democracy in 1994, there has been a myriad of incidents of corruption involving public servants in South Africa. Corruption is now recognised as one of the South African government's greatest challenges, with numerous consequences for public service delivery in that the resources that are meant to assist the poor are diverted to benefit a few corrupt officials. Corruption undermines democracy and social justice, thus deepening poverty, increasing organised crime and stunting efforts to stimulate human security. The incidents of corruption characterised by colossal theft, embezzlements and rampant bribery are the basis of knowledge around the ability of the government to deal effectively with dishonesty. The paper will use a literature review to argue and demonstrate that despite the devotion of the government to combat unethical conduct of public servants by formulating various pieces of legislation and policies as an attempt to address the problem of unethical behaviour, the tribulations of corruption and problems of immoral conduct by public servants continue to escalate, thus, perpetuating poor provision of public service. The paper concludes that continued unethical practices by public servants cannot go unpunished; ethics must be enforced to enhance public service delivery.
ПІДХОДИ ДО РОЗУМІННЯ ЗМІСТУ І СУТНОСТІ ПОНЯТТЯ «ОСОБИСТА, СОЦІАЛЬНА, НАВЧАЛЬНА КОМПЕТЕНТНІСТЬ СТУДЕНТІВ ФІЛОЛОГІЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ» У НАУКОВО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНІЙ ЛІТЕРАТУРІ
Authors: Маноха Оксана
Published: October 2023

У статті уточнено зміст і сутність поняття «особиста, соціальна, навчальна компетентність студентів філологічних спеціальностей». Зважаючи на той факт, що в сучасному українському педагогічному дискурсі проблемі визначення поняття «особиста, соціальна, навчальна компетентність студентів філологічних спеціальностей» не приділялося достатньої уваги, здійснено теоретичний аналіз підходів до визначення сутності таких понять, як «особиста компетентність», «соціальна компетентність», «навчальна компетентність» та «загальна навчальна компетентність». Досягнення поставленої мети потребувало застосування таких методів дослідження, як вивчення, аналіз та узагальнення наукової педагогічної літератури та онлайн ресурсів. Сучасні фахівці-філологи як носії культурної спадщини різних народів мають вирізнятися ґрунтовними мовними знаннями й мовленнєвими навичками, володіти навичками ефективної комунікації, а також бути здатними швидко адаптуватися до нових вимог ринку праці шляхом особистісного і професійного саморозвитку й самовдосконалення. Це означає, що задля успішного функціонування в сучасному глобалізованому суспільстві й досягнення поставлених цілей фахівці-філологи мають вирізнятися наявністю високого рівня сформованості особистої, соціальної, навчальної компетентності. Фахівці-філологи з високим рівнем сформованості зазначеної компетентності є конкурентноздатними на ринку праці, задоволені життям, здатні ефективно співпрацювати з іншими, вдало управляти власним часом, знаходити вихід із складних ситуацій, рефлексувати, керувати власним професійним розвитком, а також дбати про особистісний розвиток. Більш того, наявність у фахівців-філологів високого рівня особистої, соціальної, навчальної компетентності надає їм змогу усвідомлювати свої сильні і слабкі сторони, приймати відповідальні рішення за врахування попередньо набутого суб’єктного досвіду, а головне – ініціювати зміни у власному житті та в суспільно-політичному житті своєї країни.
Legal Systems, Property Rights and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Salifu Mubarik , Atta Peprah James , Godfred Cantah William
Published: October 2023

   

Purpose

The study aims to determine the effect of legal systems and property rights enforcement on developing financial markets, institutions, and overall financial development in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Design/methodology/approach

Data for this study were extracted from the Financial Development Index of the World Bank Global financial database, the Economic Freedom database of the Fraiser Institute, and the World Bank Development Indicators database covering 41 Sub-Saharan African countries from 2000 to 2020. The models were estimated using the System GMM and the SURE model as robustness checks to address cross-equation correlations and linkages between financial markets and institutions.

Results

Results showed that legal systems and property rights enforcement have an effect on the growth of financial markets, institutions, and overall financial development, regardless of the measure of financial development used. Moreover, trade and GDP positively affect financial development and financial markets, while stringent regulatory trade barriers have a negative effect.

Conclusions

The need for governments to prioritise strengthening legal systems and ensuring the enforcement of property rights protection to create a predictable and stable environment for businesses and investors is key. Reducing trade barriers and eliminating restrictions that may discourage foreign investment to increase trade volumes and capital inflows into SSA is also important.
Enhancing ESL Listening Comprehension through Authentic Materials
Authors: Alia  , Nick
Published: October 2023

Enhancing ESL Listening Comprehension through Authentic Materials
Big Data and Analytics in Precision Livestock Farming (PLF)
Authors: Egon Kaledio , EUGENE RUSSELL
Published: October 2023

Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) is at the forefront of transforming the agricultural landscape through the integration of Big Data and Analytics. PLF leverages the power of data-driven decision-making to revolutionize the way livestock are managed, raising the bar for animal well-being and farm efficiency. In this abstract, we explore the core principles, applications, and advantages of Big Data and Analytics in PLF, emphasizing early disease detection, resource efficiency, enhanced reproductive outcomes, and sustainability. Advanced analytics, machine learning, and data visualization tools are pivotal to harnessing the full potential of PLF, while challenges related to data management, privacy, and costs must be addressed. Looking to the future, we envision PLF advancing through the integration of diverse data sources, global adoption, AI-driven decision support, and a commitment to environmental sustainability. As PLF continues to evolve, it offers a promising path toward achieving both food security and sustainable agriculture.
Fluvial reworking eliminates small craters, but does not meaningfully bias the Mars interbedded-crater record
Authors: Moodie Andrew , Goudge Timothy
Published: October 2023

Interpreting the structures, morphology, and chemistry of the exposed stratigraphic record on Mars is complicated by ancient surface processes that have variably removed parts of the record. Previous research has used the lack of smaller craters (<50 m diameter) interbedded with fluvial deposits to constrain atmospheric pressure when rivers were active on Mars; the notion being that higher atmospheric pressure would prevent smaller craters from forming. We hypothesize that contemporaneous channel lateral migration and avulsion could have reworked sedimentary deposits and eliminated craters from the stratigraphic record, thereby undermining atmospheric paleo-pressure interpretations. To test this hypothesis, we simulated coeval river-delta development and crater production, and quantified crater preservation in resulting stratigraphy. We document widespread crater rim degradation (~67% of craters <50 m are at least partially eroded), and observe a marked increase in preservation with increasing crater diameter. That is to say, fluvial reworking preferentially removes smaller craters from the stratigraphic record. However, synthetic crater-diameter distributions incorporating fluvial reworking effects do not reproduce observations on Mars, because many smaller craters generated remain preserved in the simulated stratigraphy. We find that, although river channels are sometimes in the right place to eliminate crater deposits from the stratigraphic record, production of smaller craters outpaces fluvial reworking under all modeled circumstances, and that a higher pressure ancient atmosphere is necessary to reproduce observations (i.e., consistent with existing interpretations of interbedded crater records). Our findings therefore bolster studies that assert fluvial reworking is not a primary control on smaller interbedded crater counts on Mars.
Creative Activity and Accomplishment as Indicators of Polymathy Among Gifted and Nongifted Students
Authors: Alabbasi Ahmed M. Abdulla
Published: October 2023

This study examined domain specificity among 306 high-school students using the Creative Activity and Accomplishment Checklist (CAAC). The CAAC provides both quantity of activity and quality of accomplishment scores, allowing an empirical test of possible polymathy among students, some of whom were gifted. The two objectives of this investigation were to replicate domain specificity studies with the newest version of the CAAC (which covers new domains, including technological and everyday creativity, and includes quality and quantity scores) and to use it to test for polymathy among students. Previous work with adults suggested that polymaths are creative in more than one domain. They often invest in creative avocations that support their professional creativity. Some evidence of polymathy was uncovered; however, it was not common in this sample. Support for domain specificity was reasonably clear in the present results, yet it was not all-or-nothing but rather a matter of degree. Domains overlapped to varying degrees. The degree of overlap varied with level of talent and from domain to domain. The clearest support for polymathy came from regression analyses which revealed a significant relationship between the quantity of activity in some domains and the quality of creative accomplishment in others. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
What elicits love and gratitude? A cross-cultural comparison between the U.S., China, and Chile
Authors: Liu Caimiao , Espinosa Natalia , Salvador Cristina
Published: October 2023

Love and gratitude are key to human flourishing but have been predominantly studied in WEIRD populations, which has limited our understanding of their shared and culturally distinct features. In Study 1, European American, Chinese, and Chilean (N = 296) participants recalled four situations that elicited love and gratitude. Content analyses revealed universal themes like Romantic Affection and Appreciation, but also cultural variations. The two more interdependent groups, Chinese and Chileans, highlighted social connections more than European Americans. Notably the two diverged as Chinese reported more mixed emotional experiences and emphasized respect for authority, whereas Chileans valued open expression of intimacy. Study 2 confirmed that six of the themes identified in Study 1 elicited love and gratitude to different degrees in a new sample of European American, Chileans and Chinese (N = 456), mostly consistent with their prevalence in Study 1. Implications for culture and emotion are discussed.
Value-Directed Memory Encoding Alters Goal-Directed Attention: A Comparison of Value-Directed and Memory-Directed Encoding
Authors: Elliott Blake L.
Published: October 2023

Human attention and memory systems are significantly impacted by our goals. When motivated, individuals can prioritize their memory encoding to information that is more versus less valuable (i.e., value-directed encoding). Two prominent hypotheses describe how reward value during encoding influences episodic memory: (1) memory for higher valued information is enhanced via an encoding enhancement only for salient/rewarding high value items, (2) higher-valued information is prioritized at the expense of lower-valued information. Participants completed alternating study-test cycles with point values assigned to the stimuli during encoding. Importantly, we manipulated the participants' motivational goal-state by instructing them to either focus on maximizing their point value or maximizing the number of items remembered on the upcoming memory test. Across four experiments we replicate prior robust effects of value on subsequent memory - particularly subjective reports of recollection. In comparison with overall memory performance from the memory-directed condition we found a tradeoff such that value-directed encoding boosts memory for high-value information and reduces memory for low-value information, supporting both hypotheses. To reconcile these views, we propose a goal-directed attention theory of value-directed encoding. We assayed transient and state level effects of attention using periodic thought probes and pupillometry. We found that value-directed encoding influences participants' reports of being on task and pupil diameter compared with memory-directed encoding. The results suggest that participants can adaptively tune their attention and memory systems depending on their motivational goals. These findings contribute to a more mechanistic understanding of how value affects memory encoding by augmenting attentional processes.
Advance Medical Decision-Making Differs Across First- and Third-Person Perspectives
Authors: Toomey James , Lewis Jonathan , Hannikainen Ivar Rodríguez , Earp Brian D.
Published: October 2023

Advance healthcare decision-making presumes that a prior treatment preference expressed with sufficient mental capacity (“T1 preference”) should trump a contrary preference expressed after significant cognitive decline (“T2 preference”). This assumption is much debated in normative bioethics, but little is known about lay judgments in this domain. This study (N = 1445 US Americans; gender-balanced sample) investigated participants’ judgments about which preference should be followed, and whether these judgments differed depending on a first-person (deciding for one’s future self) versus third-person (deciding for a friend or stranger) perspective. We found that participants were more likely to defer to the incapacitated T2 preference of a third-party, while being more likely to insist on following their own T1 capacitated preference. Further, participants were more likely to conclude that others with substantial cognitive decline were still their “true selves,” which correlated with increased deference to their T2 preferences. These findings add to the growing evidence that lay intuitions concerning the ethical entitlement to have decisions respected is more a function of the relationship between the decision and the decision-maker’s true self, and less a function of the cognitive threshold of mental capacity, as in traditional bioethical accounts.
What kind of Explainable AI do users need?
Authors: Buccella Alessandra , Chen Emma , Linstead Erik , Maoz Uri
Published: October 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems that make predictions, translate text, generate text and images, and much more are ubiquitous in modern life. Such AI systems typically perform tasks that humans cannot perform with the same degree of speed and efficiency, so they are increasingly integrated into human decision-making. But they also tend to be black boxes, in the sense that even experts in machine learning do not understand how they arrive at their output from their given inputs. In this paper, we argue that to promote positive AI system-user interactions, such AI systems should be equipped with a user interface that provides reasons for the systems’ decisions. By ‘reasons,’ we mean linguistically articulated explanations of why a certain output was issued, in a similar sense to what we would expect humans to provide as explanations for their actions. Some preliminary survey data suggest that non-expert users generally highly value being able to have one’s ‘why-questions’ answered directly by the AI. We further propose that this feature will increase non-expert users’ trust in AI moving forward, which is desirable as AI takes up an increasingly larger role in our society.
Using Hierarchical Models to Estimate Heterogeneous Effects
Authors: Alley Joshua
Published: October 2023

This note describes a Bayesian hierarchical approach to estimating heterogeneous effects. To start, researchers specify groups based on quantities of interest such as heterogeneous treatments, treatment heterogeneity, and policy relevance. Then, researchers fit a hierarchical model where treatment slopes and intercepts vary across groups and group level factors modify the slopes. This captures systematic and random variation in heterogeneous effects, estimates effects within each group, and measures effect variance. Hierarchical modeling provides an intermediate tool between interactions or subgroup analyses and machine-learning approaches to discovering complex heterogeneity. It is more flexible than interactions and reduces the risk of underpowered subgroup comparisons. At the same time, it is more theoretically informed and interpretable than some machine-learning approaches, as well as easier to implement in small datasets. Researchers should use hierarchical models alongside other approaches to understand heterogeneous effects for scholarship and policy.
राधा उपन्यासमा पितृसत्ता
Authors: वाग्ले महेन्द्र
Published: October 2023

प्रस्तुत लेखमा पितृसत्ताको सैद्धान्तिक कोणबाट कृष्ण धरावासीद्वारा रचित 'राधा’ उपन्यासको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । पितृसत्ता नारीवादी समालोचनाको लैब्गिक अध्ययनअन्तर्गत पर्छ । पितृसत्तात्मक दृष्टिकोणले नारीमा भएको अन्याय, अत्याचार, पीडा तथा असमानता, विद्रोह र अस्तित्वसँग सम्बद्ध विषयको विश्लेषणमा जोड दिन्छ । 'राधा’ उपन्यासमा अभिव्यञ्जित विचार मूलतः पुराणमा महŒव नदिएका राधा, कुन्ती, द्रौपदी, एकनंशा जस्ता पात्रहरूद्वारा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । यस उपन्यासमा समाजमा पुरुषसत्ताको प्रभाव रहेको, पुरुषसत्ताका कारणले नारीलाई अधीनस्थ बनाइएको, पुरुषकेन्द्री सामाजिक मूल्यमान्यताका आडमा नारीलाई अन्याय, अत्याचार गरी उपभोग गरेको र समाजमा नारीले आफ्नो अस्तित्वरक्षाका लागि विद्रोही हुनुपरेको विचार कहीँ प्रत्यक्ष र कहीँ अप्रत्यक्ष रूपमा अभिव्यञ्जित छ । यसमा नारीका विद्रोही विचारहरूले नवीन मूल्यमान्यतालाई उद्घाटित पनि गरेका छन् । 'राधा’ उपन्यासमा प्रस्तुत पितृसत्तात्मक विचारधारासँग सम्बन्धित विषयको विश्लेषण गर्ने उद्देश्यमा यो लेख केन्द्रित छ । यसमा उपन्यासको विश्लेषणबाट पितृसत्तात्मक प्रभावका कारण नारी पीडित भएको र त्यसका विरुद्ध नारी स्वतन्त्रताको पक्षमा चेतना जागृत भएको छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
Menciptakan Memori Sejarah Secara Linier dengan Menggunakan Penerapan Arsitektur Historicism: Museum Daerah Bojonegoro
Authors: Birra Firmansyah  , Suko Istijanto
Published: October 2023

The museum is one of the places where these stories from the past are brought together in dioramas and their collections, so that these stories live on and can be interpreted in depth and detail by future generations. The museum itself is a place of discovery of relics of the past, where people can explore and travel through history, remembering the past in their hearts and minds. The Bojonegoro region has a history that is important enough to be remembered by the Bojonegoro people themselves. Therefor Bojonegoro needs the Museum to become a facility for protecting historical items to always remind the struggle of the Bojonegoro region itself and can become a means of recreation and edutourism for the Bojonegoro region.
MISOGYNY PADA REFERENSI TERHADAP ISTRI DALAM BAHASA KOREA
Authors: Prinsia Maharani Inggrid
Published: October 2023

Korea Selatan, salah satu negara yang sudah maju dari  segi peradaban dan teknologi, tidak luput dari isu-isu misogyny atau rasa kebencian terhadap perempuan. Fenomena ini dapat dikatakan masih melekat pada budaya dan menjadi warisan hingga saat ini. Wanita masih dituntut untuk mengikuti peran gender yang ditentukan oleh masyarakat, yaitu sebagai istri yang mengurus rumah tangga. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari penggunaan kata referensi untuk istri dalam bahasa Korea, di mana banyak diantaranya memiliki makna dan sejarah yang bersifat derogatif terhadap wanita. Penelitian ini kemudian menganalisis kata-kata tersebut secara historis dan mengaitkannya dengan situasi saat ini. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah masih digunakannya sebagian besar istilah ini dalam masyarakat, di mana seharusnya saat ini kesadaran tentang kesetaraan gender sudah menjadi hal yang wajib diperhatikan.
Reevaluating the Glorification of Gamification for Unexpected Outcomes in English Language Teaching
Authors: Sharizan Sharizan
Published: October 2023

This conceptual paper aims to reevaluate the glorification of gamification where it leads to misleading and misconception using gamification in English language teaching. That narrative makes the implementation of the gamification strategy driving to unexpected outcomes. This condition should be addressed and reevaluated. In order to reevaluate the glorification of gamification, several arguments for it are supported by relevant written and spoken resources or studies. The findings show that the readiness of educational actors to the gamified strategy is the biggest problem faced by them and the demand of society and social construction seeing gamification also creates stigma where they must implement gamification learning strategy no matter what. Therefore, the educational actors need to be wise and understanding in implementing and glorifying the gamification strategy in English language teaching.
Tromboembolismo arterial em felino sem alteração cardíaca: Relato de caso
Authors: Braga Mendes Julia , Fregati Santos Andressa , Duarte Minanti Caroline , Do Carmo Vanessa
Published: October 2023

Arterial thromboembolism (ATE) is a clinically challenging condition that affects feline health, with a higher incidence in cats with heart disease. This case report presents a less common scenario, where a four-year-old feline with no history of heart problems was diagnosed with ATE. The animal was treated at a Veterinary Center in the city of São Paulo (Brazil), in a state of emergency, with complaints of acute paraplegia and intense pain in the pelvic limbs. Before the event, the cat was in good health, with normorexia, normodipsia, normuria and normochesia. Analgesia and sedation were performed to control pain and provide better assessment, and the absence of superficial or deep pain was identified in both pelvic limbs during the physical examination. The patient was referred to hospitalization for pain control, blood collection, imaging and cardiological tests for screening. Through tomography, a mass (thrombus/embolus) was identified in the right iliac artery. During the entire hospitalization period, the patient underwent specific protocols for ATE and, after stabilization of the condition, surgical thrombectomy intervention was indicated. The procedure occurred without complications, and the patient remained hospitalized for another 2 (two) days for evaluation and evolution of the clinical condition, being released with assisted discharge, physiotherapy recommendations and weekly returns for definitive discharge.
Kopya ve mimesis ikiliğinde çağdaş mimaride taklit üzerine bir okuma
Authors: Yetim Evşen , Elmalı Şen Derya
Published: October 2023

Çalışmada, poiesis ve mimesis kavramlarının etimolojik ve felsefeye dayalı açılımlarından yola çıkılarak çağdaş mimarideki taklit eylemi üzerinden bir okuma gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu okumada her ikisi de taklit anlamına gelen kopya ve mimesis arasındaki ayrım ve seçim konusunda bir farkındalığın oluşturulması amaçlanmaktadır. Mimesisin bir taklit olmasına rağmen bir kopya olmadığı vurgulanmaktadır. Sanayi Devrimi ile başlayan endüstri çağı yarattığı seri üretim ile kopya ürünler ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Bu üretim şekli pek çok alanda etkili olduğu gibi mimarlık alanında da etkili olmuştur. Özellikle 2. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Avrupa’daki yıkık kentlerin yeniden hızlıca inşa edilmesi fikri yeni bir mimari akımın temellerini atmıştır. Modern Mimari, her ne kadar ortaya çıkış misyonunda “bugüne ait olan” anlamını barındırsa da bugün gelinen noktada kentlerdeki niteliksiz yapılı çevrenin başkahramanı olmuştur. Çalışmada çağdaş mimarinin böyle bir noktada bulunmasının nedeninin mimesis ile kopya arasındaki ayrımın iyi yapılamamasından; öz/anlam/yöntem yerine biçimsel/nesne olanın taklit edilmesinden kaynaklandığı düşüncesi üzerinde durulmaktadır. Dahası mimesis ve tekniğinin doğru kullanılması ile mimarlık alanında yeni bir farkındalık yaratılabileceği, kopya ürünlerin yerine özgün mimari ürünlerin tasarlanmasının birey, toplum ve ülke için iyileştirici öneme sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Yapılı çevrenin insan psikolojisi ve davranışları üzerindeki etkisinin bu kadar önemli olması, birer taklit olsa da mimesis ve kopyanın yeniden okunmasını daha da anlamlı kılmaktadır. Mimesis hem mimarlık eğitimi hem de mimarlık eylemi için başarılı bir tasarım tekniğidir. Bu bağlamda, kopya ve mimesis kavramları üzerine kurulu bu metin mimarlık eğitimi, mimarlık eylemi ve mimari ürün tasarım yaklaşımı için eleştirel okuma sunmaktadır.
Dijital grafik savaşları: Reddit r/Place etkinliğinin görsel tasarım ve iletişim bağlamında incelemesi
Authors: Tunç Oğuz
Published: October 2023

İnternet teknolojisinin toplumları ve bireyleri etkileşime yönlendirmesi, özellikle son otuz yıldır yoğun olarak gözlemlenmiş ve tartışılmış bir olgudur. Mesajlaşma ve içerik paylaşımı açısından bu alanda ön planda olan sosyal medyalar ile özellikle son yıllarda popülerleşen sanal toplantı ortamları ve akıllı cihazlarla yayılımı katlanarak artmış çevrimiçi nitelikte dijital oyunlar bu olgunun güncel odakları olarak ele alınmaktadır. Ancak dijital internet platformları, artık alışılmış bu başlıklar ötesinde farklı etkileşim deneylerini de ortaya çıkartabilecek büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Reddit’in başlattığı r/Place etkinliği bu bağlamda çevrimiçi içerik üretimi ile ilgilenen hemen her uzmanlıktan araştırmacının göz atmasını gerektirecek özgünlükte ve özellikte güncel bir etkileşimli internet fenomeni olma işlevine sahiptir. Betimleyici tarzda tasarlanmış bu çalışmada r/Place etkinliğinin metnin yazıldığı tarihe kadar gerçekleştirilmiş olan üç oturumunda uygulanmış dijital ve teknik tasarım sistemi, etkileşimli grafik üretim süreci, gruplar ve taraflarca ortaya çıkarılan grafik eserlerin türleri, temaları ile öne çıkan tasarımlar ve semboller incelenmiştir. Etkinliğin analizine dayanarak, gelecekteki karşılaştırılabilir yeni etkinliklerin potansiyel etkisine ilişkin öneriler ortaya konmuştur. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemine göre seçilen etkinlik uygulama görselleri, görsel tasarım ve iletişim bağlamında betimsel içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir.
Bir kadın kahraman olarak Andromakhe'nin yolculuğu ve resim sanatında betimlenişi
Authors: Yemencioğlu Negir Ezgi
Published: October 2023

Mit, masal ve söylenceler tarihsel gerçeklere ışık tutabilecek, toplumsal, kültürel, sembolik, psikolojik vb. pek çok anlamı barındıran ve bu bilgileri kuşaktan kuşağa aktaran kaynaklardır. Kahraman ise bu anlatılarda eylemin merkezinde, harekete geçen, maceraya atılan kişidir.
Çağlar boyunca ataerkil toplum yapısının yerleşik değerleri doğrultusunda maceralara atılan, türlü badireler atlatarak zaferlere ulaşan bu kahramanlar, zihinlerimizde hep eril figürler olarak yer etmiştir. Oysa mitoloji pek çok kadın karakterin, detayları fazla bilinmeyen kahramanca mücadelesini ve yolculuğunu da içerir. Bu söylencelerde ataerkil toplumsal yapıya temellenen erkek dünyasının kadına yönelen bakışını ve kadının yaşantısı üzerinde kurguladığı ideali görmek mümkündür.
Bu bağlamda Homeros’tan Euripides’e, Vergilius’tan Racine’e pek çok ozanın eserlerinde adından ve öyküsünden bahsedilen Andromakhe yerinde bir örnek olacaktır. Onun öyküsü prensesi olduğu Thebe kentinden başlar, Troya’ya gelin gider. Akhilleus’un ailesini katledişi, Hektor’un ölümü, Troya’nın düşüşü ve oğulları Astyanaks’ın öldürülüşü çileli yaşamının yalnızca bir bölümüdür. Onun yolculuğu kocasını öldüren adamın oğluna köle olarak devam eder. Andromakhe Vergilius’un Aeneas destanında bir kez daha karşımıza çıkar. Neoptolemos öldürülünce yine bir Troyalı prens olan Helenos’la evlenmiş, kocasının yönetimindeki Epirus’un kraliçesi olmuştur. Yaşantısının yönünü belirleyen tüm bu sert rüzgârlara rağmen Andromakhe tüm bu eserlerde dirayetli, onurlu, erdemli, yiğit ve bilinçli bir kadın olarak tasvir edilmiş ve bir kadın kahraman olarak yüceltilmiştir. Çağımızda toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin nasıl biçimlendiğine geçmişin örnekleri ışığında bakacak olduğumuzda Andromakhe’ye biçilen rollerin eril bakış açısına göre belirlenmiş ideal kadına karşılık geldiği düşünülebilir.
Andromakhe karakterinin büyük ozanların edebi eserlerindeki tasviri,  yaşadıkları çağın bakış açısını ele verdiği gibi yazarın düşünceleri ile de biçimlenmiş görünmektedir. Diğer yandan sanat tarihini de derinden etkileyen ve destanlar içinde kendine yer bulan bir kadın kahraman olarak Andromakhe’nin hikâyesi, hemen hepsi erkek sanatçılar tarafından resmedilen betimlemeleriyle de eril dünyanın gözünden gösterilmektedir.
Bu çalışmada Andromakhe bir kahraman figürü olarak önerilmiş ve onun erkek kahramanların şöhretinin gölgesinde kalmış hikâyesi araştırılmıştır. Resim sanatındaki örnekler arasında Andromakhe’nin yer aldığı resimler taranmış ve ulaşılan eserlerde konunun ele alınış biçimi incelenmiştir.
Penentuan Premi Asuransi Komoditas Kelapa Sawit dengan Pendekatan Copula
Authors: Darma Ekawati  , Apriyanto Apriyanto , Fardinah Fardinah , Sari Dewi Puspita , Aprilia Salma
Published: October 2023

Sektor pertanian dan perkebunan menjadi salah satu jenis usaha yang selalu dihadapkan pada risiko ketidakpastian yang cukup tinggi karena sangat bergantung pada kondisi alam. Salah satu manajemen risiko yang dapat dilakukan adalah asuransi pertanian. Kelapa sawit menjadi komoditas primadona usaha Perkebunan di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan data luas lahan dan hasil produksi kelapa sawit Provinsi Sulawesi Barat yang bersumber dari data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan harga premium asuransi untuk komoditas kelapa sawit dengan pendekatan Copula. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah copula frank merupakan copula terbaik untuk pengukuran dependensi luas lahan dan hasil produksi kelapa sawit di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat dengan parameter sebesar 21,672. Harga Premi ideal berkisar antara Rp. 20.000 sampai dengan Rp. 65.000 per Ha. Harga Premi sangat dipengaruhi oleh deductible, limit polis dan tingkat bunga yang digunakan.
Analisis Risiko Bencana pada kasus Curah Hujan Ekstrem Provinsi Sulawesi Barat dengan Metode Moran's I & Local Indicator Of Spatial Association
Authors: - Reski Wahyu Yanti
Published: October 2023

High rainfall in an area makes the area vulnerable to various disasters. To reduce the risk of damage caused by various disasters, it is important to look at the pattern of spatial distribution of areas that have a high risk of being affected by extreme rains. Information about distribution patterns of rainfall can assist policy makers in making decisions regarding extreme rain events in West Sulawesi which have the potential to cause various losses. Therefore, spatial analysis is carried out to detect connections between regions so that rainfall distribution patterns can be known. Based on this, this study aims to analyze the characteristics of the spatial distribution of rainfall in each sub-district of extreme rainfall on an annual scale in West Sulawesi. The results showed that there was a significant spatial autocorrelation. This showed that there was a correlation between the rainfall values between districts in West Sulawesi based on the spatial autocorrelation analysis with the Moran index test. Furthermore, the results of the Local Indicator Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) analysis of rainfall data in each sub-district show that there are 10 sub-districts in 2019, 7 sub-districts in 2020, 13 sub-districts in 2021, and 7 sub-districts in 2022 which are identified as having spatial autocorrelation with a level significance 0.05. From all the results of the analysis carried out, namely the analysis of the moran index and LISA, it was obtained that the areas that have the greatest risk of high rainfall are the Kalukku, Tabang and Pana sub-districts. The research results obtained can be useful as information and evaluation material that is useful for preparing natural hazard mitigation programs and assisting the government in establishing policies based on information on areas that have a high risk of being affected by extreme rainfall.
Peramalan Harga Saham Perusahaan Perbankan dengan Market Capitalization Terbesar di Indonesia Pasca-Covid19
Authors: Hijrah Muh
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan peramalan harga saham perusahaan perbankan dengan market capitalization terbesar di Indonesia pasca-Covid19. Pandemi Covid-19 telah mengubah lanskap ekonomi global dan pasar saham secara signifikan, termasuk di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data runtun waktu harian harga saham Bank BCA, Bank BRI, dan Bank Mandiri selama periode pasca-Covid19 untuk menganalisis dan meramalkan pergerakan harga saham ketiga bank tersebut. Metode peramalan data deret waktu ARIMA digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Model peramalan saham BBCA terbaik adalah ARIMA(0,1,0), untuk saham BBRI adalah ARIMA(2,1,2), dan untuk saham BMRI adalah ARIMA(0,1,0). Setelah dilakukan peramalan dengan masimh-masing model tersebut, model ARIMA(2,1,2) untuk saham BBRI dapat meramalkan harga saham lebih akurat dengan MAPE dan AIC terkecil yaitu 1.45% dan 601.36.
‘What Do You Mean You Haven't Got Tools?’
Authors: Bowles Benjamin
Published: October 2023

Itinerant boat dwellers (boaters) in London and South East England speak about many internal divisions within the community. ‘Dirty boaters’ are contrasted with ‘shiny boaters’; ‘yuppies’ and ‘hipsters’ are contrasted ‘oldtimers,’ ‘crusties’ or ‘pirates’. For many, be they boaters, outsiders or other writers, these distinctions have something to do with class background. However, my ethnographic research with the boaters shows that, although class background can be thought to be a marker of how hard or easy one may find it to become a boater, the internal divisions that are found on the waterways have more to do with processes of socialisation. What matter (and what divide boaters) are the willingness and ability, or lack therein, to join a community of practice on the waterways and to learn the skills and ethics that are of value to boaters in their community of mutual support.
Reviews
Authors: Jovanović Teodora , Bowman Glenn , Kearney Daithí
Published: October 2023

Jean-Paul Baldacchino and Jon P. Mitchell (eds.) (2022), Morality, Crisis and Capitalism: Anthropology for Troubled Times (New York: Berghahn Books), 204 pp., £99, ISBN: 978-1-80073-611-5

David Zeitlyn (2022), An Anthropological Toolkit: Sixty Useful Concepts (New York: Berghahn Books), 142 pp., £72, ISBN: 978-1-80073-470-8

Lea Hagmann (2022), Celtic Music and Dance in Cornwall: Cornu-Copia (London: Routledge), 238 pp., £130, ISBN: 978-0-367-69141-7
Peran Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Pada Era New Normal Di Min 17 Aceh Barat
Authors: A Muliana , Jailani Jailani , Abidah Abidah
Published: October 2023

Abstrak: Peran guru merupakan sesuatu yang dilakukan guru dalam mendesain pembelajaran. Dalam masa new normal minat siswa dalam menjalankan aktivitas belajar di sekolah menjadi menurun karena pengaruh selama masa covid-19. Untuk itu ketika masa new normal ini guru harus mampu memotivasi siswa dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa dengan cara mengkreativitaskan proses pembelajaran. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kreativitas guru dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa dan kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa MIN 17 Aceh Barat di masa new normal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan metode kualitatif. Dalam mengumpulkan data penulis menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi serta menempuh teknik analisis kualitatif. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kreativitas guru dalam mengembangkan pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa dilakukan dengan mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran dengan penggunaan metode yang menarik sesuai dengan materi yang diajarkan dan juga melibatkan siswa belajar secara aktif. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam meningkatkan minat siswa di MIN 17 Aceh Barat adalah tingkat daya serap siswa yang berbeda-beda, selain itu karena siswa kurang bimbingan dari orang tua di rumah sehingga menghambat proses guru dalam meningkatkan minat belajar di sekolah. Kendala tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dari diri siswa dan faktor eksternal dari siswa itu sendiri. Abstract: The teacher's role is something the teacher does in designing learning. In the new normal period, students' interest in carrying out learning activities at school decreases due to the influence of the covid-19 period. For this reason, during this new normal period, teachers must be able to motivate students in increasing student interest in learning by being creative in the learning process. The aim of this research is to determine the creativity of teachers in increasing students’ interest in learning and the obstacles faced by teachers in increasing student interest in MIN 17 Aceh Barat in the new normal period. This research is field research with a qualitative method approach. In collecting data, the author used interview, observation and documentation techniques and used qualitative analysis techniques. From the research that has been done, it showed that the creativity of teachers in developing learning to increase students' interest in learning is done by developing learning strategies by using interesting methods according to the material being taught and also involving students in active learning. The obstacle faced in increasing student interest in MIN 17 Aceh Barat is the level of absorption of students who are different, in addition because students is lack of parent’s guidance at home, thus hampering the teacher's process of increasing interest in learning at school. These constraints are influenced by internal and external factors from students themselves.
Analisis Model Interaksi Komunikasi Pada Buku Kelas III SD/MI Tema “Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Makhluk Hidup
Authors: Nafizaturrahmi Nafizaturrahmi , Prastowo Andi
Published: October 2023

Abstrak: Interaksi komunikasi antara pendidik dan peserta didik sangat diperlukan, karena dapat menunjang kemampuan siswa dalam memperoleh informasi dan pengetahuan. Namun, kenyataannya komunikasi jarang dibahas, lebih banyak berkenaan dengan metode, model, media pembelajaran dan lainnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka. Dalam hal ini, penulis akan membahas analisis tentang interaksi komunikasi dengan uraian 1) Hakikat, fungsi, kegunaan dan perkembangan komunikasi pembelajaran, 2) menjelaskan apa saja karakteristik, jenis, gaya, model dan pendekatan komunikasi pembelajaran di SD/MI, 3) membedakan karakteristik informasi dalam pembelajaran materi pokok SD/MI, 4) menganalisis problem komunikasi pembelajaran pada materi pokok SD/MI pada buku kelas III SD/MI tema “pertumbuhan dan perkembangan makhluk hidup” dan, 5) merumuskan jenis, gaya, model, dan pendekatan komunikasi pembelajaran yang relevan dengan materi pokok SD/MI. Dengan kesimpulan bahwa analisis model interaksi komunikasi dalam buku kelas III SD/MI tema pertumbuhan dan perkembangan makhluk hidup terdapat model komunikasi satu arah 100% dalam buku guru dan buku siswa, komunikasi dua arah 87,5% buku guru 66,66% buku siswa dan komunikasi publik 33,33% buku guru 16,66% buku siswa.Abstract:  Communication interaction between educators and students is needed, because it can support the ability of students to obtain information and knowledge. However, the reality of communication is rarely discussed, more with regard to methods, models, learning media and others. The research method used is a qualitative method with a literature review approach. In the case, the author will discuss the analysis of the interaction of communication with the description, 1) The nature, function, usefulness and development of learning commincation, 2) Explain what are the characteristic, types, styles, models and approaches of learning communication in elementary school, 3) Distinguish the characteristics of information in learning subject matter elementary school, 4) analyze the coomunication problems of learning on the subject matter of elementary school in grade III in theme “Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Makhluk Hidup”, 5) Formulate types, styles, models, and learning communication approaches that are relevant to sebject matter pf elementary school. With the conclusion that the analysis of communication interaction models is one-way communication 100% in teacher’s book and student’s book. Two-way communication 87,5% of teacher’s book and 66,66% of student’s book. And public communicatio 33,33% of teacher’s book and 16,66% of student’s book.
The Problem of Punishment for Nazi Criminals in the Post-War Germany: History and Historiography
Authors: Filitov Alexey
Published: October 2023

Building on Ralph Giordano's narrative of the Germans' “second guilt”, the author presents and analyses four patterns of treatment of Nazi criminals in post-war Germany and their reflection in historiography. With regard to the Soviet practice of their legal prosecution, the author critically examines the theses about its “propaganda orientation” and “excessive rigidity” of the sentences handed down, while the actions of the Western occupation authorities are characterised by an arbitrary and politically motivated approach. Much of the article is devoted to a comparative analysis of how the problem of punishment for Nazi crimes was, or was not, addressed in the two German states and in unified Germany. The consistent efforts of the GDR authorities to identify and prosecute Nazi criminals have been duly highlighted and recognised. The author traces the winding path of “mastering the [Nazi] past” in West Germany: from the first wave of (largely ineffective) trials in the 1940s to the complete stagnation in the mid-50s and the relative growth of war crimes and crimes against humanity cases opened in subsequent years. The shortcomings of this judicial practice and the acquittal patterns reflected in German historiography are discussed and evaluated drawing on a broad source base.