bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing the efficiency of heat exchange by improving the design of heat exchangers
Authors:   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan, Khurmamatov Abdugaffor M. , Ismailov Oybek Y. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan, Auesbaev Alisher U. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan, Rakhimov Ganisher B. ,   Karshi Engineering-Economic Institute, Uzbekistan, Muminov Jalolidin A. ,   Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan, Khametov Zamir M. ,   Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2025

This article is focused on the investigation and optimization of heat exchange efficiency in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger used for heating a saturated absorbent with regenerated absorbent in the technology of purifying regeneration gas from acidic components through absorption. The optimization of heat exchange efficiency involves modifying the hydrodynamic regimes of the heat exchanger by adjusting the properties of working fluids inside the tubes and the inter-tube space. The study aims to enhance heat exchange by inducing turbulent flows inside and between the tubes. The authors examined the impact of centrifugal force on flow dynamics to improve distribution uniformity within the distribution chamber. To achieve this, a strategic reorientation of the raw material inlet nozzle in a horizontal shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a one-sided influence on the distribution chamber is proposed. Throughout the research, experiments were conducted, and heat exchange parameters were examined including flow velocity, temperature differentials, and heat transfer coefficients. The results allowed for the determination of optimal parameters to enhance heat exchange efficiency in the specific heat exchanger. This work represents a significant contribution to the heat exchange technology and can be applied to optimize processes in the oil and gas and chemical industries, as well as other sectors utilizing shell-and-tube heat exchangers. The findings advance the understanding of heat exchange mechanisms and provide practical insights for improving efficiency in various industrial applications.
Diálogos Insurgentes: o debate decolonial e seus reflexos na pesquisa em Educação Ambiental
Authors: Stortti Marcelo Aranda , Sanchez Celso , Kato Danilo Seithi
Published: February 2025

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar os artigos presentes nos anais do XI Encontro Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental, realizado em Salvador, Bahia, no ano de 2023, e as questões observadas durante as apresentações de trabalhos e das atividades no Grupo de Discussão de Pesquisa – Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental: Culturas, Interculturalidade e Decolonialidade. Optou-se por autores como Carlos Loureiro, Nego Bispo dos Santos e Ailton Krenak como referencial teórico. A metodologia é de cunho qualitativo e documental, a partir da análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin, e dos artigos disponíveis nos anais desse evento científico. Como resultado, identificaram-se duas categorias: Territoriania e Sujeitos eco-ontológicos. Outro aspecto a ser destacado foi a ampliação temática desse Grupo de Discussão de Pesquisas, que valorizou e atraiu pesquisas relacionadas a culturas, inter/multiculturalidade e colonialidade, reconhecendo os saberes e fazeres territoriais, suas territorialidades e a sua busca, não pelas migalhas da cidadania, mas, sim, pela autonomia e sua territoriania, ampliando, assim, a dialogicidade, as críticas à colonialidade e as possibilidades epistemológicas, político-metodológicas e ontológicas da Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental. Como foi possível refletir sobre essas duas categorias de dimensão eco-ontológica dos sujeitos e seus respectivos grupos sociais, pôde-se pensar que eles apresentam outras formas de sentipensar o mundo do povo da mercadoria. Logo, isso instiga a pensar em quais processos educativos, em especial qual educação ambiental, podem emergir dessas ecogeo-hidro-ontologias em diálogo com epistemologias de Abya Yala, ou como alguns autores chamam, educação ambiental de base comunitária no sul global.
Os lugares da Ecologia Política na Educação Ambiental: Análise de um Grupo de Discussão de Pesquisa
Authors: Menezes Anne Kassiadou , Cosenza Angélica
Published: February 2025

Este artigo apresenta reflexões e análises dos trabalhos e debates do Grupo de Discussão de Pesquisa (GPD) em Educação Ambiental e Ecologia Política, realizado em 2023 durante o XI Encontro de Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental (EPEA) no campus da Universidade Federal da Bahia, em Salvador (BA). Apresentamos, especialmente, reflexões sobre as possíveis conexões entre a Educação Ambiental (EA) e a Ecologia Política (EP) identificadas nas pesquisas e debates realizados no GPD. Foi possível perceber alguns lugares enunciativos desse encontro entre EA/EP a partir dos temas: conflitos ambientais, relações de poder, poéticas, agroecologia e processos formativos de sujeitos. As temáticas e referências teóricas dos trabalhos apontam que este diálogo é estabelecido a partir da macrotendência político-pedagógica da Educação Ambiental Crítica e da perspectiva latino-americana da Ecologia Política. Foi possível identificar que as metodologias incorporadas pelas pesquisas buscam diluir as fronteiras entre ciência, arte e os saberes populares. Reflexões acerca da noção de dignidade e da pedagogia do cotidiano das lutas se fez presente nos trabalhos e podem trazer importantes elementos para a práxis educativa ambiental.
Discussões e dilemas sobre as questões metodológicas no XI Encontro de Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental: para onde caminhamos
Authors: Silva Rosana Louro Ferreira , Figueiredo Tainá Figueroa , Bacci Denise de La Corte
Published: February 2025

A Educação Ambiental caracteriza-se por ser um campo de conhecimento plural por abarcar uma diversidade interdisciplinar de temas de pesquisa. Do ponto de vista das metodologias, as discussões ainda persistem com relação à clareza das proposições e do embasamento teórico nos artigos publicados no EPEA. Assim, este texto busca analisar a multirreferencialidade de perspectivas metodológicas dos trabalhos apresentados no EPEA 2023, a partir da síntese das discussões realizadas pelo GDP Metodologia nas edições anteriores, e suas correlações e aproximações ou diferenças e distanciamentos em relação à situação atual dos trabalhos publicados. Para aprofundar as discussões, além da análise dos trabalhos apresentados no GDP, foi realizado um levantamento exploratório por meio de descritores relacionados a “método” e “metodologia”, sendo realizada uma sistematização dos trabalhos publicados. Foram encontrados 64 trabalhos, separados em quatro categorias: escolhas metodológicas, caracterização da pesquisa, participantes e instrumentos de geração e análise de dados. As discussões confirmam tendências anteriores de uma forte articulação entre investigação e ação, no sentido de uma pesquisa comprometida com a transformação social, bem como uma enorme força para representar um arcabouço teórico-metodológico com múltiplos referenciais de pesquisas. Esta diversidade de abordagens pode indicar uma fragilidade, mas também pode ser vista como potencialidade para o campo em um processo criativo de expansão. Diferencia-se, neste ano, o diálogo do campo com outras áreas de conhecimento, as discussões quanto às questões éticas, a ampliação dos repertórios de pesquisas de natureza interventiva e os participantes da pesquisa, que se expandiram para uma diversidade de atores sociais.
Genetic Parameter Estimation for Growth Traits in HD-K75 Pigs
Authors: Bayan Jyotishree , Zaman Galib Uz , Phookan Arundhati , Akhtar Farzin , Saharia Jitendra , Sulabh Sourabh
Published: February 2025

Background: The AICRP on pigs, has developed a variety of pig called HD-K75 with 75% Hampshire inheritance and 25 % indigenous inheritance through 16 generations of inter-se mating with concomitant selection. These pigs have been distributed among the local farmers. This study was undertaken to monitor the performance and to estimate the genetic parameters to keep the HD-K75 pigs’ performance at a desirable level through proper and accurate selection. Methods: Growth records of the progenies of 44 sires and 114 dams of HD-K75 pigs maintained over 6 years from 2012 to 2018 bred in the ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on pigs located at College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati were utilized to study the heritability of various growth traits. The heritability (h2) estimates were obtained by the paternal half-sib correlation method using the sire component of variance and co-variance. Result: The h2 estimates for body weight at birth, 42 days, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 6 months, 8 months and average daily gain during birth to 42 days, 42 days to 4th month, 42 days to 6th month and 42 days to 8th month of age were obtained as 0.391 ±0.110, 0.373 ± 0.116, 0.203±0.069, 0.131±0.070, 0.424±0.124, 0.904±0.224, 0.537±0.158, 0.071± 0.093, 0.198±0.067, 0.899± 0.222, 0.569±0.163 and 0.016±0.081 respectively. Moderate to high heritability estimates for body weight at various stages of growth in the present study indicated that the population under investigation possesses a good amount of additive genetic variance and these estimates may be incorporated in appropriate selection programs for genetic improvement of the herd.
Improving Programming Skills: The Impact of Interactive E-Learning Tools on Student Success
Authors: Alghamdi Mohammed
Published: February 2025

This study examines the impact of e-learning platforms on programming education at Al-Baha University, focusing on student motivations, perceptions, and academic performance. A quantitative approach was employed with 100 diploma-level IT students, divided into an Experimental Group that utilized e-learning resources and a Non-experimental Group that followed traditional teaching methods. Pre- and post-experiment questionnaires evaluated attitudes, preferences, and programming proficiency. Results revealed a significant enhancement in the Experimental Group's perceptions of e-learning, with a 20-point increase in programming test scores compared to an 8-point increase in the Non-experimental Group (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated a positive relationship (0.5460, p = 0.0000000013) between e-learning usage and academic performance, indicating that active engagement substantially improves outcomes. These findings align with Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT), emphasizing how autonomy and perceived value contribute to intrinsic motivation and academic success. This research underscores the effectiveness of e-learning in fostering student engagement and programming proficiency, advocating for the integration of digital resources into educational curricula. By identifying key factors that influence e-learning adoption, this study offers valuable insights for optimizing digital learning environments. In the final analysis, it contributes to a deeper understanding of e-learning's role in programming education and highlights areas for future research to address challenges in its implementation.
Dessèchement en cime du Pinus kesiya à Madagascar
Authors: Rampanana L. , Rakotomanana J.L. , Louppe Dominique , Brunck F.
Published: February 2025

A Madagascar, dans la dépression du Haut Mangoro sur des sols de pentes développés sur des migmatites schisteuses, le Pinus kesiya souffre d'un dessèchement en cime qui, dans les cas extrêmes, peut conduire à la mort de l'arbre.Des essais de fertilisation apportant des éléments majeurs et divers oligo-éléments ainsi que des analyses foliaires ont été mis en place dans une zone particulièrement touchée par la maladie.Le zinc a été identifié comme étant l'élément dont le manque provoque le dessèchement en cime.
Profile of Rhinosinusitis Patients with Orbital Complications at the Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Outpatient Unit, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2015 to April 2022
Authors: Putri Made Ayu Rheina , Sutikno Budi , Primitasari Yulia , Nugroho Puguh Setyo
Published: February 2025

Highlights:

Most rhinosinusitis patients with orbital complications were diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis.

Orbital cellulitis (Chandler II) was the most common orbital complication degree.

Rhinosinusitis patients with orbital complications commonly experience eye pain, swollen eyes, and persistent runny noses.

 
Abstract
Introduction:Rhinosinusitis is an inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal cavity and/or paranasal sinuses. The most common complication is orbital. The limited data available does not account for the high number of cases of rhinosinusitis. This study examined the profile of rhinosinusitis patients with orbital complications.
Methods: This was an observational descriptive study with a retrospective design. It used secondary data from medical records of patients with rhinosinusitis and orbital complications at the Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Outpatient Unit, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2015 to April 2022.
Results: There were 40 samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria (n=40). As many as 80% of cases were chronic rhinosinusitis, and 20% were acute. The average age of chronic rhinosinusitis was in 6th decade, while acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) was in 3rd decade. The majority of patients were males and reside outside Surabaya. Signs and symptoms that ARS patients often experienced were eye pain and swelling, nasal congestion, persistent runny nose, and decreased vision. Meanwhile, chronic rhinosinusitis included eye swelling and pain, persistent runny nose, and facial pain. The most common Chandler’s degree was orbital cellulitis (Chandler II). The most common treatment for ARS was a combination of medicamentosa and non-medicamentosa or medicamentosa and surgery, while chronic rhinosinusitis was a combination of medicamentosa, non-medicamentosa, and surgery.
Conclusion: There were outcome differences between patients with acute and chronic rhinosinusitis regarding age, manifestations, and treatments, but there were similarities in sex, domicile, and Chandler’s degree predominance.
Testing TM-OSL on different quartz samples to illustrate the advantages of the technique
Authors: Palczewski Piotr , Biernacka Magdalena , Chruścińska Alicja
Published: February 2025

The importance of the fast decaying signal of quartz for dating sediments is confirmed by years of research. In OSL dating, the single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol is applied to estimate age. The OSL signal measured in this protocol consists of components with different properties, particularly with different susceptibility to bleaching in sunlight. It is known how complicated it is to extract the fast decaying signal from other overlapping signals when blue light is used for stimulation. Decomposing OSL curves into components is unsuitable for dating purposes due to the challenges involved in handling many OSL curves for age estimation and obtaining consistent results across these curves. An OSL measurement method based on optical stimulation while the sample is heated, so-called thermally modulated OSL (TM-OSL), was recently implemented in the SAR protocol. Instead of the blue light (470 nm) in SAR (hereinafter referred to as SAR BLSL), red light (620 nm) is used for optical stimulation. In the protocol with TM-OSL measurement, the fast component is isolated and used for the OSL age determination. The advantage of this approach for a set of samples selected from various depositional environments is presented. The equivalent dose for the same samples was also determined using the SAR protocol that involved red light stimulation (620 nm, SAR RLSL) at an elevated temperature (230°C). The obtained results by the protocols using red light (SAR TM-OSL and SAR RLSL) are compared with the ones determined using the SAR BLSL protocol. Using TM-OSL in the SAR protocol leads to more precise dating results. The shape of the TM-OSL curve for the fast OSL component in quartz allows to identify in the TM-OSL a contribution from a signal of another origin. It prevents age underestimation by excluding from calculations the share of OSL components, which can be less stable.
The impact of perceived brand integrity in increasing brand legitimacy in halal cosmetics among Muslim customers in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Kartasasmita Intan Kemala Hidayat , Kurniawati Kurniawati
Published: February 2025

Introduction The rapid growth of halal cosmetic consumption has forced companies to compete in the Indonesian market. Many halal cosmetic companies use modern strategies that involve environmental concerns. Objectives This study aims to analyze the role of perceived brand ethics and environmentally friendly packaging in influencing brand legitimacy through perceptions of brand integrity in halal cosmetics. Method This research used quantitative methods. The research population was users of halal cosmetics, so a sample of 200 respondents was obtained using nonprobability sampling techniques. The questionnaires were distributed with five-point Likert-scale measurements. The analysis technique used in this study was structural equation modeling using IBM SPSS AMOS. Results The results prove that perceived brand ethics and environmentally friendly packaging have a positive effect on perceived brand integrity. Perceived brand integrity has a positive effect on brand legitimacy and can mediate the influence of perceived brand ethics on brand legitimacy. Implications The implication of this research is that it is hoped that companies will continue to improve their brand ethics by continuing to comply with brand ethics laws. Furthermore, it can provide education to consumers regarding environmentally friendly cosmetics and increase brand integrity through communities such as halal cosmetic brands. Originality/Novelty This study contributes to the literature on halal cosmetics in Indonesia, one of the largest Muslim markets.
Two-Band Superconductivity and Transition Temperature Limited by Thermal Fluctuations in Ambient Pressure La3-xPrxNi2O7-d (x = 0.0, 0.15, 1.0) Thin Films
Authors: Talantsev Evgeny
Published: February 2025

Recently, two research groups [1–3] reported on the observation of ambient pressure superconductivity in a few nanometres thick La3-xPrxNi2O7-d (x = 0.0, 0.15, 1.0) films with the Tc,onset = 40 K and Tc,zero = 2-14 K. Here I have analysed the reported self-field critical current density, Jc(sf,T), and upper critical field, Bc2(T), for these films and showed that La3-xPrxNi2O7-d films exhibit a large in-plane London penetration depth, λab(0) = (1.9-6.8) μm, and the Ginzburg-Landau parameter κc(0) = 500-1000. Deduced λab(0) values are within uncertainty range for independently reported [2] λab(0) = (3.7±1.4) μm. Such large values of λab(0) explain a wide resistive transition in La3-xPrxNi2O7-d films [1–3], because large λab(0) implies low superfluid density, and therefore large thermal fluctuations. Consequently, I calculated the phase fluctuation temperature, Tfluc, and found that the Tc,zero < Tfluc. I also found that λab(T) and Bc2(T) data are nicely fitted to two-band gap models, from which the preference has been given to two-band (s+s)-wave model. Besides I showed that bulk highly compressed Ruddlesden–Popper nickelates Lan+1NinO3n+1 (n = 2,3) and ambient pressure Lan+1NinO2n+2 (n = 5) thin film also demonstrate evidences for two-band superconductivity.
Two-Band Superconductivity and Transition Temperature Limited by Thermal Fluctuations in Ambient Pressure La3-xPrxNi2O7-δ (x = 0.0, 0.15, 1.0) Thin Films
Authors: Talantsev Evgeny
Published: February 2025

Recently, two research groups [1–3] reported on the observation of ambient pressure superconductivity in a few nanometres thick La3-xPrxNi2O7-δ (x = 0.0, 0.15, 1.0) films with the Tc,onset = 40 K and Tc,zero = 2-14 K. Here I have analysed the reported self-field critical current density, Jc(sf,T), and upper critical field, Bc2(T), for these films and showed that La3-xPrxNi2O7-δ films exhibit a large in-plane London penetration depth, λab(0) = (1.9-6.8) μm, and the Ginzburg-Landau parameter κc(0) = 500-1000. Deduced λab(0) values are within uncertainty range for independently reported [2] λab(0) = (3.7±1.4) μm. Such large values of λab(0) explain a wide resistive transition in La3-xPrxNi2O7-δ films [1–3], because large λab(0) implies low superfluid density, and therefore large thermal fluctuations. Consequently, I calculated the phase fluctuation temperature, Tfluc, and found that the Tc,zero < Tfluc. I also found that λab(T) and Bc2(T) data are nicely fitted to two-band gap models, from which the preference has been given to two-band (s+s)-wave model. Besides I showed that bulk highly compressed Ruddlesden–Popper nickelates Lan+1NinO3n+1 (n = 2,3) and ambient pressure Lan+1NinO2n+2 (n = 5) thin film also demonstrate evidences for two-band superconductivity.
Efficient Task Allocation in Multi-agent Systems by Reinforcement Learning and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Fang Zheng , Ma Tao , Huang Huang , Niu Zhao , Yang Fang
Published: February 2025

The multi-agent task allocation problem has attracted substantial research interest due to the increasing demand for effective solutions in large-scale and dynamic environments. Despite advancements, traditional algorithms often fall short in optimizing efficiency and adaptability within complex scenarios. To address this shortcoming, we propose a genetic algorithm-enhanced PPO (GAPPO) algorithm, specifically developed to enhance decision-making in challenging task allocation contexts. GAPPO employs a deep reinforcement learning framework, enabling each agent to independently evaluate its surroundings, manage energy resources, and adaptively adjust task allocations in response to evolving conditions. Through iterative refinement, GAPPO achieves balanced task distribution and minimizes energy consumption across diverse configurations. Comprehensive simulations demonstrate that GAPPO consistently outperforms traditional algorithms, resulting in reduced task completion time and heightened energy efficiency. Those findings underscore GAPPO’s potential as a robust solution for real-time multi-agent task allocation.
Dynamic Virtual Simulation with Real-time Haptic Feedback for Robotic Internal Mammary Artery Harvesting
Authors: Wang Shuo , Ren Tong , Cheng Nan , Wang Rong , Zhang Li
Published: February 2025

Coronary heart disease, a leading global cause of mortality, has witnessed significant advancement through robotic coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), with the internal mammary artery (IMA) emerging as the preferred "golden conduit" for its exceptional long-term patency. Despite these advances, robotic-assisted IMA harvesting remains challenging due to the absence of force feedback, complex surgical maneuvers, and proximity to the beating heart. This study introduces a novel virtual simulation platform for robotic IMA harvesting that integrates dynamic anatomical modeling and real-time haptic feedback. By incorporating a dynamic cardiac model into the surgical scene, our system precisely simulates the impact of cardiac pulsation on thoracic cavity operations. The platform features high-fidelity representations of thoracic anatomy and soft tissue deformation, underpinned by a comprehensive biomechanical framework encompassing fascia, adipose tissue, and vascular structures. Our key innovations include a topology-preserving cutting algorithm, bidirectional tissue coupling mechanism, and dual-channel haptic feedback for electrocautery simulation. Quantitative assessment using our newly proposed Spatial Asymmetry Index (SAI) demonstrated significant behavioral adaptations to cardiac motion, with dynamic scenarios yielding superior SAI values compared to static conditions. These results validate the platform's potential as an anatomically accurate, interactive, and computationally efficient solution for enhancing surgical skill acquisition in complex cardiac procedures.
Abrahamic Family or Start-Up Nation?: Effects of Representations of Shared Tradition, Shared Innovation, and Universalistic Tolerance on Common Identity and Prejudice Reduction
Authors: Goldberg Tsafrir , Suleiman Laila
Published: February 2025

Just as Israel brands itself as a progressive "Start-Up nation", Israeli citizens increasingly identify as religious. Religion plays an increasing role in inter-group tensions in Israel. Negative effects of religion and its public representations on intergroup attitudes are well researched, but little is known of its positive effects. We ask whether religion can also play a role in improving intergroup attitudes. This study explores the effects of three different public and media representations of shared identity and tolerance on inter-religious prejudice among Israeli Muslim adolescents and young adults. The interventions included an inter-faith similarities-based common in-group identity (focusing on shared aspects of Judaism and Islam), a modern national universalistic approach (focusing on religious tolerance), and a modern academic technological identity (highlighting Israel as a "Start-Up Nation"). Findings indicate that the inter-faith similarities-based intervention had the most substantial impact in reducing prejudice, specifically by decreasing stereotypes and increasing willingness for social encounters. In contrast, the national universalistic and technological identity interventions were less effective, and in some cases even increased perceived threat or failed to mitigate stereotypes. These findings highlight the potential for leveraging inter-faith commonalities as a foundation for intergroup prejudice reduction.
Fh15 Reduces Colonic Inflammation and Leukocyte Infiltration in a DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Mouse Model
Authors: Figueroa-Gispert María Del Mar , Ramos-Lugo Claudia M , Ocasio-Malavé Carlimar , Scott Rizaldy P , Ahrendsen Jared T. , Gómez-Samblás Mercedes , Osuna Antonio , Espino Ana M
Published: February 2025

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the most prevalent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the USA. Current treatments present clinical limitations, underscoring the need for innovative therapeutics that promote an anti-inflammatory immune response. This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory potential of Fh15, a recombinant Fasciola hepatica fatty acid binding protein in a DSS-induced UC mouse model. Our results demonstrated that Fh15 treatment significantly ameliorated the severity of colitis by reducing the disease activity index (DAI) and histopathological scores. Moreover, Fh15 also decreased serum levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), and the expression of S100A9, a calcium-and zinc binding protein, which is an important marker for the pathogenesis of UC. Furthermore, Fh15 downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1β in the distal colon, suggesting modulation of macrophage activity. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed significantly reduced neutrophil and macrophage infiltration in UC Fh15-treated mice. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of Fh15 for UC, as it modulates inflammatory responses, reduces leukocyte infiltration, and preserves colon integrity.
The Christian West and Islam: Challenges and Opportunities for Coexistence in Italy
Authors: Iafrate Paolo
Published: February 2025

Religious globalisation is now a structural factor, and with immigrants it will also increase in the future. It is essential to be better prepared for this scenario, and to counter fanaticism through interreligious dialogue. In these reflections I will refer to the reports on multi-religiousness published in the last 5 years by the Dossier Statistico Immigrazione, drawing inspiration from them not only for the statistical aspects. According to the Ecri (European Commission on Racism and Intolerance, established within the Council of Europe) the communities most exposed to hate speech and acts of hatred are the Muslim and Jewish ones. The dimension of Italian Islam, the second Italian religious reality after Catholicism, is therefore a reality that cannot be ignored and must be the subject of reflection as an integral part of the social fabric.
Research on the Improvement Effects and Mechanisms of Magnolia sieboldii Essential Oils on Insomnia in Mice
Authors: Shi Guofeng , Wang Shuanghe , Luo Shanshan , Ding Jiajing , Liang Zixuan , Cao Wenyu , Li Xiaoyan , Zeng Yixi , Ma Yanqing , Zhang Lanyue , Li Hui
Published: February 2025

(1) Background: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that is difficult to cure due to its long duration of influence. Magnolia sieboldii essential oils (MSEOs) have been shown to have antidepressant effects, but there are few studies on treating insomnia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of MSEOs and to elucidate the molecular and neurophysiological mechanisms by which they alleviate insomnia. (2) Methods: The main components of MSEOs extracted by steam distillation were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). To establish a p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) -induced insomnia model in mice, the levels of GAD65, GABAARα1, 5HT-2A, and 5HT-1A were detected by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. The normal neurons in the mouse brain were counted by Nissl staining. The relative mRNA expression levels of related genes in mice were detected by RT- qPCR. (3) Results: A total of 69 components were identified by MSEOs, and the main components were β-elemene (19.94%), (Z)-β-ocimene (14.87%), and Germacrene D (7.05%). Both low and high concentrations of MSEOs can successfully prolong the total sleep time and shorten the sleep latency of mice. GAD65, GABAARα1, 5HT-2A, and 5HT-1A levels still increased to varying degrees after treatment with different concentrations of MSEOs. The results of Nissl staining showed that MSEOs could attenuate PCPA-induced neuronal death. The RT- qPCR results showed that MSEOs enhanced the mRNA expression of 5HT-2A, GABAARα1, and GABAARγ2. (4) Conclusions: MSEOs effectively improved sleep by prolonging total sleep time and shortening latency, potentially through upregulating GAD65, GABAARα1, 5HT-1A, and 5HT-2A levels, protecting neurons, and enhancing mRNA expression of GABAARα1, GABAARγ2, and 5HT-2A, suggesting their potential as a therapeutic for insomnia.
Hubungan antara Kepercayaan Organisasi dengan Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Pegawai Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Bea Dan Cukai Jakarta Timur
Authors: Suherman Hariyani Priscilia , Deswary Dwi , Sari Eliana
Published: February 2025

This research set aims to discover the relation between organizational trust andorganizational citizenship behavior at Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Bea dan CukaiEast Jakarta. The research variable is organizational trust as independent variabel (X)and OCB as dependent variable (Y). The method used in this research is a survey method.To collect the data from respondent researcher use an instrument for both variableorganizational trust and OCB.Data analyzing techniques to test the hypothesis using product moment. Beforeusing the product moment researcher has to test the requirement test that cover normalitytest and liniearity test. From the result of hypothesis test for significance correlationresearcher obtain Tscore > Ttable, Tscore = 31,78 and Ttable = 1,995. From the scorewe can conclude that the hypothesis being submitted is accepted and the nil hypothesis isrejected.From the result of the research can be concluded there is a positive relationbetween organizational trust and organizational citizenship behavior of employee atPusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Bea dan Cukai East Jakarta. The result also sow thecontribution of organizational trust for OCB is 93,61%. From the score can be describedthat the organizational trust giving a big amount of contribution for the enhancement ofemployee OCB. However to give the positive influence on OCB employee requiredanother factor and not just organizational trust but also another factor that couldincrease the influence of OCB.
Strategies to Promote Health Equity for Orthopaedic Surgery Patients Who Speak a Language Other Than English
Authors: Torres Rodnell Busigó , Rodarte Patricia , Shapiro Lauren M. , Hernandez Victor H. , Navarro Ronald A. , Stern Brocha Z.
Published: February 2025

The growing linguistic diversity in the United States presents substantial challenges to equitable health-care delivery. This article outlines strategies to promote health equity for orthopaedic surgery patients who speak a language other than English, including supporting the accessibility of professional interpreter services, enhancing language-specific patient educational resources, ensuring equity in the care tools that are used to improve access and engagement, strengthening the multilingual workforce in orthopaedic surgery, and standardizing the collection of language data elements for quality improvement and research. By adopting these strategies, health-care systems can better address the unique needs of non-English-speaking patients and reduce health disparities. Implementing these recommendations is crucial for advancing equity-focused value-based care in orthopaedics.
Exogenous N-Acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase (Arylsulfatase B) Leads to Melanoma Apoptosis by Constitutive Photomorphogenic 1 (COP1)
Authors: Tobacman Joanne K , O-Sullivan Insug , Bhattacharyya Sumit , Whiteley Herbert E. , Yang Jiyuan , Zhang Fuming
Published: February 2025

Treatment by exogenous, bioactive, recombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase (Arylsulfatase B; ARSB) markedly reduced the number and volume of pulmonary melanomas in C57BL/6J mice inoculated intravenously with B16F10 melanoma cells. ARSB treatment induced apoptosis of the melanomas and of human A375 melanoma cells by increase in expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase constitutive photomorphogenic protein 1 (COP1), an inhibitor of ultraviolet B-stimulated signaling 5–12. The corresponding inhibitory effects of COP1 on UVB-stimulated plant growth and on melanoma, a malignancy stimulated by UVB exposure, provide new insight into melanoma pathogenesis. Here, we show that in melanoma tissues and human melanoma cells, COP1 suppressed nuclear ETS-1 and the ETS-1-mediated expression of BCL2, leading to increased cytoplasmic cytochrome c, caspase-3/7 activation, and apoptosis. Exogenous ARSB, acting through insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R), reduced expression of carbohydrate sulfotransferase (CHST)15. Inhibition of CHST15, which adds a 6-sulfate group to C4S and is increased in several malignancies 32–38, blocked activation of the transmembrane receptor ROR (Receptor tyrosine-kinase like Orphan Receptor)1 and of phospho(Ser473)-AKT1, leading to increased nuclear FOXO3 and COP1 expression. This negative regulation of phospho(Ser473)-AKT1 reflects the profound impact of rhARSB and chondroitin sulfation on regulation of critical cell signaling which enables the COP1-mediated apoptotic pathway and inhibition of melanoma growth.
Exploration of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) to Control Pantoea sterwartii subsp. stewartii Causes of Stewart's Wilt Disease in Corn Plants
Authors: Yanti Yulmira , Hamid Hasmiandy , Nurbailis Nurbailis , Zomi Zorattun Hasanah , Ahdaniah Khomisatul
Published: February 2025

Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii ( Pnss ) is a pathogen that causes Stewart's wilt disease in corn plants, which can significantly reduce production. The purpose of this study was to obtain Bacillus spp. which has the potential to inhibit the growth of P. stewartii subsp. stewartii, the cause of Stewart's wilt disease in planta, in controlling Pnss and increasing the growth of corn plants It has 4 stage . The results of the study showed that the Bacillus consortium has the ability to produce antibiotics that are effective in inhibiting the growth of Pnss, which is seen through the clear zone in the antibiosis test. Bacillus also produces siderophores that can inhibit the growth of pathogens and increase the availability of iron which is important for plant growth. The introduced Bacillus isolates to corn plants can increase plumule length, radicle length, number of radicles, and increase plant production such as number of leaves and cob weight. In addition, the Bacillus consortium can reduce the incidence and severity of Stewart's wilt disease, extend the incubation period of the disease, and reduce the AUDPC value. showed slower disease progression. B. subtilis BPP2at72 and B. mycoides BPP2at71 proved to be the most effective isolates in controlling the disease and increasing corn yield. This study concludes that the Bacillus spp. consortium has great potential as a biocontrol agent and biofertilizer to control diseases and increase corn crop production.
Physiotherapy Rehabilitation in a Patient with Carcinoma of Cervix and Leprosy - A Case Report
Authors: Ambalkar Gunjan , Subhedar Mansi , Zade Amisha
Published: February 2025

Cervical cancer is significant health issue, particularly in women from low resource areas, and when combined with leprosy, a chronic infectious disease that affects the skin and peripheral nerves, the challenges of treatment and rehabilitation intensify. This case report discusses a 70-year-old female patient with both cervical cancers, treated through radical hysterectomy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, and a history of leprosy, which had already caused peripheral neuropathy and deformities. The concomitant issues, such as nerve damage, muscle weakness, and lymphedema, significantly reduced her quality of life and functional capacity. physiotherapy played a key role in her recovery, focusing on specific regimen that sought to strengthen certain muscles, offer gait training along with manual lymphatic drainage for pain relief. It was possible to manage pain, restore mobility and improve functional independence within a span of six weeks. It is emphasized how rehabilitation plans are to be used for such complex patients.
Spatial Analysis of the COVID-19 Pandemic trends, distribution, and intervention strategies in Nigeria (2019-2022)
Authors: Bejide Oluwafemi David
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc on Nigeria from 2019 to 2022, causing significant disruptions across physical, emotional, economic, and social spheres. This study assessed the geographic dimensions of COVID-19 incidence and spread in Nigeria, focusing on government responses and mitigation strategies. The research utilized data from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. The study carried out Global Moran I, and Anselins Local Moran I spatial statistics to test spatial autocorrelation of the COVID-19 across states in Nigeria and multi-correlations analysis between confirmed cases, deaths, and population factors. The findings revealed that Lagos was the hotspot with the highest number of cases. The Moran's I index analysis of COVID-19 confirmed cases across Nigerian states revealed non-significant weak positive autocorrelation (0.06096) at (p = 0.26) while the Local Moran I analysis of COVID-19 cases in Nigeria reveals that Ogun state had low confirmed cases despite its proximity to high-risk states like Lagos and Oyo state, while some Northern states, including Sokoto, Zamfara, and Kogi, reported relatively low cases compared to Southern states. There is a strong positive correlation at r = 0.94 between confirmed cases and population density indicating higher urban densities experienced heightened infection rates. Moreover, moderate positive correlations at r = 0.46 between confirmed cases and population size indicate larger communities reported more cases. Government interventions, such as lockdowns, curfews, interstate travel bans, and mandatory mask mandates, played crucial roles in curtailing COVID-19 transmission. The study recommends enhanced inter-state border checks, databases, and strengthened surveillance measures for inbound international.
The ontogeny of mouse salivary gland macrophages is distinct between genders
Authors: Liu Fei , Zhao Qingguo , Jaiswal Juhi , Chang Ethan , Shahsavari Arash , Zhang Yu , Yu Victor , Zheng Ronald
Published: February 2025

Sexual dimorphism is found in gene expression and polarization of macrophages in mammals but remains unclear in the ontogeny of tissue-resident macrophages. Salivary glands show remarkable gender differences and macrophages here are essential for the maintenance of immune quiescence and tissue repair after damages. Therefore, we compared origins of macrophages in salivary glands between male and female mice using conditional Cx3cr1 and Ccr2 lineage tracing approaches. We found most salivary gland macrophages in adult males are locally maintained and derived from yolk sac progenitors or postnatal monocytes, whereas these cells in adult females are mostly short-lived and continuously replenished by monocytes. Female salivary glands also contain more monocytes and polarized macrophages. Cx3cr1 knockout made the macrophage ontogeny in adult male salivary glands like females. These gender differences appear related to female-dominant salivary gland phenotypes in an autoimmune disease, Sjogren’s syndrome, and need be considered in developing macrophage-targeting therapies of dry mouth caused by autoimmunity or radiation.
Total hip replacement for neglected acetabular fractures
Authors: Georgeanu Vlad-Alexandru , Fleaca Radu , Roman Mihai , Obada Bogdan , Predescu Vlad
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Neglected acetabular fracture can be approached by different surgical methods, but the optimal treatment is represented by total hip replacement (THR), which theoretically should ensure a stable, painless hip, with almost-normal mobility and a hope of survival as long as possible. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of THR in patients with neglected acetabular fractures.
Methods
By analyzing clinical and radiological outcomes, surgical challenges, and complication rates, we aim to provide insights into the efficacy and limitations of this approach. This is a retrospective study, 8 patients who underwent THR for neglected acetabular fractures between 2020 and 2024. All patients were assessed at 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery.
Results
As expected, regardless of the fracture type and the interval between initial trauma and index procedure, Harris hip score showed continuous improvement in successive examinations at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months; younger patients had the best preoperative scores and the fastest postoperative progression. The lowest preoperative score and the lowest rate of improvement was observed in elderly patients. The results of our case series suggest that THR might be an effective treatment for neglected acetabular fractures. The critical challenge is how to approach the acetabular defect to obtain a stable hip.
Conclusions
Neglected fractures are more difficult to repair and have poorer surgical outcomes. Successful outcomes are expected if a solid bone stock is achieved using various surgical techniques.
The cumulenic linear C5 and its coupling-reaction products
Authors: Xu Wei , Sun Luye , Guo Yuan , Xiang Wenzhi
Published: February 2025

Linear carbon (Cn), an elusive sp-hybridized carbon allotrope, has attracted much interests both experimentally and among theorists for decades due to remarkable properties and significant controversy. Similar to recently popular sp-hybridized cyclo[n]carbon, linear carbon may also have two distinct structural forms, i.e., cumulene for consecutive double bonds, or polyyne for alternating triple and single bonds. Peierls transition theory predicted that for infinite linear Cn, polyyne should be more stable than cumulene, and meanwhile opening a band gap at Fermi level. Due to its very high reactivity, synthesis and characterization of linear carbon are exceptionally challenging. Previous works have tried different methods, especially heavy end-capping groups or confined into carbon nanotube, to synthesize carbon chains, however, atomically precise synthesis of uncapped linear carbon, and real-space characterization of its detailed structure remains very rare. Especially, its cumulenic form, is proved to be even harder to synthesize compared to polyynic one. In solution, till now, the longest cumulene known to date is n = 9 (also with protected group at both ends). Here, we report the synthesis of an uncapped linear C5 via tip-induced dehalogenation and ring-opening reaction of a fully halogenated precursor, C5Br6, and characterization of it cumulenic structure by bond-resolved atomic force microscopy (AFM). Furthermore, we demonstrate that it is feasible to achieve tip-induced cascade reactions among linear C5, leading to the successful synthesis of longer carbon chains, for example, C10, C15. Inspired by that, utilizing the tip to apply larger voltage pulses (~4.5 V), carbon chains with various lengths, including C9, C10, C13, C14, C15, C17, C18, C21, could be efficiently synthesized, which provide us an ideal system to study the influence of number of carbon atoms and odevity effect on the structure of linear carbon, and moreover, to investigate the relationship between structures and related electronic properties. For the even-numbered chains (i.e., C10, C14 and C18), the polyynic structure emerges, due to the occurrence of Peierls transition within such finite carbon chains induced by NaCl surface, similar to the case of linear C6. Interestingly, for the odd-numbered chain, i.e., C9, it presents a cumulene-like structure (with rather small bond length alternations). While, for longer ones, i.e., C13, C15, C17, and C21, the major moieties are still cumulene-like structures and the both ends present triple bond characteristics. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) measurements further reveal that the transport gaps of odd-numbered chains are obviously smaller than that of even-numbered chains, validating the structures assigned above, and the transport gaps gradually decrease with increasing number of carbon atoms. Our findings exhibit an on-surface method for atomically precise synthesis of a series of linear carbon, rendering further investigation of their unique structures and electronic properties.
Perceptions of Family Health History in an East Baltimore Community
Authors: Pandya Yasheel , Zhu Angela , Mondell Ethan , Choi Sophia , Kim Gina , Vanos Valentina , Venkatraman Siddharth , Galiatsatos Panagis , Bodurtha Joann
Published: February 2025

Knowledge and discussion of family health history (FHH) can allow patients, families, and communities to proactively monitor their health and communicate with providers to identify genetic risk factors and inform clinical decision-making. Under-resourced communities may face barriers in collecting, sharing, and using FHH due to competing priorities, health literacy, and medical mistrust. We characterized community opinions about FHH in a public Baltimore market. A paper survey was administered during biweekly health fairs at the Northeast Market. The survey assessed participants’ practices of discussing and collecting FHH, knowledge of genetic testing, perception of FHH, and demographics. One hundred and one surveys were collected. 76% of respondents discussed FHH while only 56% collected FHH (p < .05). Logistic regression found that female gender significantly predicts FHH collection (OR = 2.77, 95% CI [1.15, 6.84]). Additionally, higher income was significantly correlated with discussing (OR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.14, 2.37]), collecting (OR = 1.29, 95% CI [1.01, 1.68]), and valuing transmission of FHH from older to younger people (OR = 1.70, 95% CI [1.22, 2.51]). Participants were found to favor obtaining FHH knowledge through intergenerational exchange compared to medical staff or schoolteachers. These findings indicate that promoting FHH warrants equitable strategies to reach all persons across gender, age, and socioeconomics. Having local advocates trained in the significance of FHH (e.g. community health workers) and supporting intergenerational approaches (e.g. older women with younger relatives) may be a consideration to reach such populations. More insight is needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of how FHH is valued by certain demographics and then begin to foster equitable strategies to educate and inform diverse populations on FHH.