bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Goodwill in de jaarrekening volgens Nederlandse verslaggevingsgrondslagen. Praktische eenvoud versus theoretische perfectie.
Authors: van Santen Gerard , van Offeren Dick , Dikker Laura
Published: March 2018

De verwerking van goodwill in de jaarrekening is gewijzigd in de Uitvoeringswet richtlijn jaarrekening uit 2015. Dit is de aanleiding om de goodwillverwerking in jaarrekeningen van Nederlandse ondernemingen in 2016 aan een onderzoek te onderwerpen. Uit het empirisch onderzoek blijkt dat goodwill een relatief omvangrijke post is in de jaarrekening, zowel gerelateerd aan posten van de balans als aan posten van de winst-en-verliesrekening. We hebben vastgesteld dat de afschrijvingstermijn van goodwill varieert van 5 tot 20 jaar en ook dat veelal meer dan één afschrijvingstermijn of een maximale afschrijvingstermijn wordt genoemd. Het zou wenselijk zijn als in de toelichting aanvullende informatie wordt opgenomen over hoe de onderneming tot deze schatting is gekomen. Alle ondernemingen die in 2016 vanwege de wetswijziging een stelselwijziging hebben moeten doorvoeren, hebben ervoor gekozen deze wijziging prospectief vanaf 1 januari 2016 te verwerken. Het voordeel van de praktische eenvoud van deze wijze van verwerking zal naar verwachting veelal leidend zijn geweest.
De invloed van IFRS 16 Leases op de jaarrekening van lessees
Authors: Arnold Coen , Tahtah Jay
Published: March 2018

In deze bijdrage wordt verslag gedaan van de verwachte gevolgen van IFRS 16 Leases voor lessees op de jaarrekening over 2016 van AEX- en AMXfondsen. Geconcludeerd wordt dat de in de balans opgenomen (rentedragende) verplichtingen fors zullen toenemen: voor alle onderzochte ondernemingen in totaal bijna 43 miljard euro (een stijging van bijna 15%). Daarnaast nemen de activa toe met circa 41 miljard euro (een stijging van bijna 5% van de totale activa). De (negatieve) impact op het eigen vermogen is daarom beperkt (tot circa 2 miljard, een afname van circa 0,6%). Verder is geconcludeerd dat IFRS 16 een belangrijke impact op de winst-en-verliesrekening zal hebben. De winst voor rente-, belasting- en afschrijvingslasten (EBITDA) neemt fors toe. Voor alle onderzochte ondernemingen neemt de EBITDA toe met circa 10 miljard euro (een toename van gemiddeld 12,5%). Uit het onderzoek blijkt verder dat bij de meeste onderzochte ondernemingen over 2016 juist sprake is van een (beperkte) stijging van de nettowinst. De geschatte impact op de balans, winst-en-verliesrekening en financiële ratio's is groter bij ondernemingen met relatief omvangrijke operationele leaseportefeuilles, zoals in de luchtvaart- en de detailhandelssector.
An overview of the diurnal cycle of the atmospheric boundary layer during the West African monsoon season: results from the 2016 observational campaign
Authors: Kalthoff Norbert , Lohou Fabienne , Brooks Barbara , Jegede Gbenga , Adler Bianca , Babić Karmen , Dione Cheikh , Ajao Adewale , Amekudzi Leonard K. , Aryee Jeffrey N. A. , Ayoola Muritala , Bessardon Geoffrey , Danuor Sylvester K. , Handwerker Jan , Kohler Martin , Lothon Marie , Pedruzo-Bagazgoitia Xabier , Smith Victoria , Sunmonu Lukman , Wieser Andreas , Fink Andreas H. , Knippertz Peter
Published: March 2018

Abstract. A ground-based field campaign was conducted in
southern West Africa from mid-June to the end of July 2016 within the
framework of the Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West
Africa (DACCIWA) project. It aimed to provide a high-quality comprehensive
data set for process studies, in particular of interactions between
low-level clouds (LLCs) and boundary-layer conditions. In this region
missing observations are still a major issue. During the campaign, extensive
remote sensing and in situ measurements were conducted at three supersites:
Kumasi (Ghana), Savè (Benin) and Ile-Ife (Nigeria). Daily radiosoundings
were performed at 06:00 UTC, and 15 intensive observation periods (IOPs) were
performed during which additional radiosondes were launched, and
remotely piloted aerial systems were operated.
Extended stratiform LLCs form frequently in southern West Africa during the
nighttime and persist long into the following day. They affect the
radiation budget and hence the evolution of the atmospheric boundary layer
and regional climate. The relevant parameters and processes governing the
formation and dissolution of the LLCs are still not fully understood. This
paper gives an overview of the diurnal cycles of the energy-balance
components, near-surface temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction as
well as of the conditions (LLCs, low-level jet) in the boundary layer at the
supersites and relates them to synoptic-scale conditions (monsoon layer,
harmattan layer, African easterly jet, tropospheric stratification) in the
DACCIWA operational area. The characteristics of LLCs vary considerably from
day to day, including a few almost cloud-free nights. During cloudy nights
we found large differences in the LLCs' formation and dissolution times as
well as in the cloud-base height. The differences exist at individual sites
and also between the sites. The synoptic conditions are characterized by a
monsoon layer with south-westerly winds, on average about 1.9 km deep, and
easterly winds above; the depth and strength of the monsoon flow show great
day-to-day variability. Within the monsoon layer, a nocturnal low-level jet
forms in approximately the same layer as the LLC. Its strength and duration
is highly variable from night to night. This unique data set will allow us
to test some new hypotheses about the processes involved in the development
of LLCs and their interaction with the boundary layer and can also be used
for model evaluation.
Water vapor increase in the lower stratosphere of the Northern Hemisphere due to the Asian monsoon anticyclone observed during the TACTS/ESMVal campaigns
Authors: Rolf Christian , Vogel Bärbel , Hoor Peter , Afchine Armin , Günther Gebhard , Krämer Martina , Müller Rolf , Müller Stefan , Spelten Nicole , Riese Martin
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The impact of air masses originating in Asia and influenced by the Asian
monsoon anticyclone on the Northern Hemisphere stratosphere is investigated
based on in situ measurements. A statistically significant increase in water
vapor (H2O) of about 0.5 ppmv (11 %) and methane (CH4) of up to
20 ppbv (1.2 %) in the extratropical stratosphere above a potential
temperature of 380 K was detected between August and September 2012 during
the HALO aircraft missions Transport and Composition in the UT/LMS (TACTS)
and Earth System Model Validation (ESMVal). We investigate the origin of the
increased water vapor and methane using the three-dimensional Chemical
Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS). We assign the source of the
moist air masses in the Asian region (northern and southern India, eastern China,
southeast Asia, and the tropical Pacific) based on tracers of air mass
origin used in CLaMS. The water vapor increase is correlated with an increase
of the simulated Asian monsoon air mass contribution from about 10 % in
August to about 20 % in September, which corresponds to a doubling of the
influence from the Asian monsoon region. Additionally, back
trajectories
starting at the aircraft flight paths are used to differentiate transport
from the Asian monsoon anticyclone and other source regions by calculating
the Lagrangian cold point (LCP). The geographic location of the LCPs, which
indicates the region where the set point of water vapor mixing ratio along
these trajectories occurs, can be predominantly attributed to the Asian
monsoon region.
Cloud-top microphysics evolution in the Gamma phase space from a
modeling perspective
Authors: Hernández Pardo Lianet , Toledo Machado Luiz Augusto , Amore Cecchini Micael
Published: March 2018

Abstract. This research employs the recently introduced Gamma phase space to study the evolution of warm cloud microphysics, to evaluate different microphysics parameterizations and to propose an adjustment to bulk schemes for an improved description of cloud droplet size distributions (DSDs). A bin parameterization is employed to describe the main features of observed cloud-top DSD paths in the Gamma phase space. The modeled DSD evolution during the warm cloud life cycle is compared to the results obtained from HALO airplane measurements during the ACRIDICON-CHUVA campaign in the Amazon dry-to-wet season transition. The comparison shows an agreement between the observed and simulated trajectories in the Gamma phase space, providing a suitable qualitative representation of the DSD evolution. The degree of similarity between the trajectories is defined by the conditions of the environment, such as the aerosol number concentration, which modify the DSD evolution through modulation of its driving forces. The modeled DSD properties were also projected in the Nd − Deff space to obtain further insights into their life cycle. Two different bulk microphysics parameterizations were evaluated regarding the evolution of the DSD and using the bin scheme as a reference. The results show the weakness of bulk schemes in representing trajectories in the Gamma phase space; thus, a new closure is proposed for better comparisons to the reference. The new closure resulted in an improvement in the representation of the DSD evolution, cloud droplet effective diameter and rain mixing ratio.
The Effect of Instrumental Stray Light on Brewer and Dobson Total Ozone Measurements
Authors: Moeini Omid , Vaziri Zahra , McElroy C. Thomas , Tarasick David W. , Evans Robert D. , Petropavlovskikh Irina , Feng Keh-Harng
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometers are the primary, standard instruments for ground‐based ozone measurements under the World Meteorological Organization’s (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch program. The accuracy of the data retrieval for both instruments depends on a knowledge of the ozone absorption coefficients and some assumptions underlying the data analysis. Instrumental stray light causes non-linearity in the response of both the Brewer and Dobson to ozone at large ozone slant paths. In addition, it affects the effective ozone absorption coefficients and extraterrestrial constants that are both instrument dependent. This effect has not been taken into account in the calculation of ozone absorption coefficients that are currently recommended by WMO for the Dobson network. The ozone absorption coefficients are calculated for each Brewer instrument individually, but in the current procedure the effect of stray light is not being considered. This study documents the error caused by the effect of stray light in the Brewer and Dobson total ozone measurements using a mathematical model for each instrument. For the first time, new ozone absorption coefficients are calculated for the Brewer and Dobson instruments taking into account the stray light effect. The analyses show that the differences detected between the total ozone amounts deduced from Dobson AD and CD pair wavelengths are related to the level of stray light within the instrument. The error introduced by the assumption of a fixed height for the ozone layer for ozone measurements at high latitude sites is also evaluated. The ozone data collected by three Dobson instruments between 2008 and 2012 are compared with ozone data from a collocated double monochromator Brewer spectrophotometer (Mark III). The results show the dependence of Dobson AD and CD pair measurements on stray light.
A Bayesian modelling method for post-processing daily sub-seasonal to seasonal rainfall forecasts from global climate models and evaluation for 12 Australian catchments
Authors: Schepen Andrew , Zhao Tongtiegang , Wang Quan J. , Robertson David E.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Rainfall forecasts are an integral part of hydrological forecasting systems
at sub-seasonal to seasonal timescales. In seasonal forecasting, global
climate models (GCMs) are now the go-to source for rainfall forecasts.
For hydrological applications however, GCM forecasts are often biased and
unreliable in uncertainty spread, and calibration is therefore required
before use. There are sophisticated statistical techniques for calibrating
monthly and seasonal aggregations of the forecasts. However, calibration of
seasonal forecasts at the daily time step typically uses very simple
statistical methods or climate analogue methods. These methods generally lack
the sophistication to achieve unbiased, reliable and coherent forecasts of
daily amounts and seasonal accumulated totals. In this study, we propose and
evaluate a Rainfall Post-Processing method for Seasonal forecasts (RPP-S), which is
based on the Bayesian joint probability modelling approach for calibrating
daily forecasts and the Schaake Shuffle for connecting the daily ensemble
members of different lead times. We apply the method to post-process ACCESS-S
forecasts for 12 perennial and ephemeral catchments across Australia and for
12 initialisation dates. RPP-S significantly reduces bias in raw forecasts
and improves both skill and reliability. RPP-S forecasts are also more skilful and
reliable than forecasts derived from ACCESS-S forecasts that have been
post-processed using quantile mapping, especially for monthly and seasonal
accumulations. Several opportunities to improve the robustness and skill of
RPP-S are identified. The new RPP-S post-processed forecasts will be used in
ensemble sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow applications.
Influence of uncertain identification of triggering rainfall on the assessment of landslide early warning thresholds
Authors: Peres David J. , Cancelliere Antonino , Greco Roberto , Bogaard Thom A.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Uncertainty in rainfall datasets and landslide inventories is known to have negative impacts on the assessment of landslide-triggering thresholds. In this paper, we perform a quantitative analysis of the impacts of uncertain knowledge of landslide initiation instants on the assessment of rainfall intensity–duration landslide early warning thresholds. The analysis is based on a synthetic database of rainfall and landslide information, generated by coupling a stochastic rainfall generator and a physically based hydrological and slope stability model, and is therefore error-free in terms of knowledge of triggering instants. This dataset is then perturbed according to hypothetical reporting scenarios that allow simulation of possible errors in landslide-triggering instants as retrieved from historical archives. The impact of these errors is analysed jointly using different criteria to single out rainfall events from a continuous series and two typical temporal aggregations of rainfall (hourly and daily). The analysis shows that the impacts of the above uncertainty sources can be significant, especially when errors exceed 1 day or the actual instants follow the erroneous ones. Errors generally lead to underestimated thresholds, i.e. lower than those that would be obtained from an error-free dataset. Potentially, the amount of the underestimation can be enough to induce an excessive number of false positives, hence limiting possible landslide mitigation benefits. Moreover, the uncertain knowledge of triggering rainfall limits the possibility to set up links between thresholds and physio-geographical factors.
Global fatal landslide occurrence 2004 to 2016
Authors: Froude Melanie J. , Petley David N.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Landslides are a ubiquitous hazard in terrestrial environments with slopes, incurring human fatalities in urban settlements, along transport corridors, or at sites of rural industry. Assessment of landslide risk requires high quality landslide databases. Recently, global landslide databases have shown the extent to which landslides impact on society and identified areas most at risk. Previous global analysis has focused on rainfall-triggered landslides over short ~ 5 year observation periods. This paper presents spatio-temporal analysis of a global dataset of fatal non-seismic landslides, covering the period from January 2004 to December 2016. The data show that in total ~ 56 000 people were killed in 4862 distinct landslide events. The spatial distribution of landslides is heterogeneous, with Asia representing the dominant geographical area. There are high levels of inter-annual variation in the occurrence of landslides. Although more active years coincide with recognised patterns of regional rainfall driven by climate anomalies, climate modes (such as ENSO) cannot yet be related to landsliding, requiring a 30+ year landslide dataset. Our analysis demonstrates landslide occurrence triggered by human activity is increasing, in particular in relation to construction, illegal mining and hill-cutting. This supports notions that human disturbance may be more detrimental to future landslide incidence than climate.
‘Tactics Rebounding’ in the Colombian Defence of Seed Freedom
Authors: Goyes David Rodríguez
Published: March 2018

This article investigates the Red de Semillas Libres de Colombia [Colombian Network of Free Seeds] movement, since its inception to date (2013-2016). The study, developed within the framework of green criminology and with a focus on environmental justice, draws on ethnographic observations of Red de Semillas and semi-structured interviews with group members. I explore processes of repertoire appropriation developed by social movements. The main argument advanced is that the Red de Semillas experienced a case of ‘tactics rebound’, in which tactics deployed at the global level shaped local tactics, bringing a set of problematic consequences. The article starts by summarising key explorations of repertoires of contention and connecting them with framing theory propositions. My interest is to locate processes of tactic appropriation in the context of collective action frames. I situate this theory in a study of the organisation and the tactics it used to elucidate how the concept of ‘collective action frame hierarchies’ can be used to explain instances of ‘tactics rebounding’.
Thomas Gammeltoft-Hansen and Jens Vedsted-Hansen (eds) (2017) Human Rights and the Dark Side of Globalisation: Transnational Law Enforcement and Migration Control. Abingdon and New York: Routledge.
Authors: Weber Leanne
Published: March 2018

Not applicable
Susceptibility to Punishment
Authors: Anderson David J.
Published: March 2018

In his recent paper exploring Locke’s account of identity and diversity in Essay II. xxvii, Gideon Yaffe demonstrates that two interpretations of Locke’s theory of personal identity, the simple memory theory and Kenneth Winkler’s ‘subjective constitution theory’, both fail the test of transitivity. He then goes on to offer his own interpretation: the ‘susceptibility-to-punishment theory’ (223–9). I will argue that, in addition to its inherent implausibility and its dubiousness as an interpretation of Locke, the susceptibility- to-punishment theory fails to account for the transitivity of identity.
Review of Locke, Language and Early-Modern Philosophy by Hannah Dawson
Authors: Ott Walter
Published: March 2018

Hannah Dawson’s book, the latest in Cambridge University Press’s ‘Ideas in Context’ series, is a valuable contribution to the history of ideas. More than half of the book is devoted to the background and context of early modern thinking about language, with a final third or more focusing on Locke. Marshalling an impressive array of sources, some of which are only available in manuscript form, Dawson provides an important resource for those interested not just in Locke’s thought but in the intellectual climate generally. Though there is much useful material here, I have some reservations.
Recent Publications
Authors: Hall Roland
Published: March 2018

The following collection of Locke items, when taken together with the ‘Recent Publications’ lists in previous issues, should provide fairly full coverage of work on Locke from 1981 to the present time. Missing items will be added to later listings as they come to light. My intention has been to exclude books and articles that make only passing mention of Locke without discussion or useful information. Since several of the items listed have not been seen, accuracy cannot always be guaranteed. These unseen items (twenty-six in the present list) are indicated by an asterisk at the end of the entry.
Front Matter
Authors: Hall Roland
Published: March 2018

Front Cover

Inside Front Cover

Editorial
¿Me da una Mirinda? Constantes en el cine de Álex de la Iglesia
Authors: García Ureña Pablo
Published: March 2018

Este artículo analiza el primer cortometraje de Álex de la Iglesia, Mirindas asesinas (1991), evidenciando las constantes de la filmografía del director vasco, cómo desde esta primera obra su lectura sobre la sociedad española y su relación con el pasado, o su inmersión en la sociedad del espectáculo está presente. Del mismo modo ocurre con la manera de evidenciar o desvelar esas temáticas, no de manera directa sino a partir de un cine de entretenimiento, haciendo uso de un particular sentido del humor y utilizando para ello la caricatura, el esperpento y la violencia.
El tiempo del cínico. Acerca del héroe de la ficción televisiva
Authors: Cappello Giancarlo
Published: March 2018

El texto se detiene a observar la peculiar construcción dramática de algunos de los protagonistas más destacados de esta última edad dorada del drama televisivo, contrastando sus características con aquellas que hasta hace poco daban forma a una cierta interpretación o idealización de lo que debía ser un héroe moderno. Esta nueva y cada vez más recurrente concepción de base respondería al aggiornamento de la cultura popular con el “espíritu del tiempo” que la atraviesa: un tiempo desencantado y de perplejidades, pero, sobre todo, cínico.
La fotografía documental como recurso en la obra de mujeres artistas: de la "flâneuse" a la cronista de realidades inventadas
Authors: Clemente-Fernández M. Dolores , Febrer-Fernández Nieves , Martínez-Oña M. del Mar
Published: March 2018

En este artículo revisamos la obra de una serie de mujeres creadoras que, durante el siglo XX, han investigado sobre la realidad de su entorno público y privado utilizando la fotografía documental como recurso artístico. El camino recorrido por estas artistas parte de su firme compromiso con la dimensión histórica (certificando que la idea del documento forma parte de la impronta fotográfica, debido a su naturaleza ontológica) y con la dimensión subjetiva (aquella que tiene que ver con la opinión de la artista). En los trabajos estudiados, la fusión del arte con el documental constituye una poderosa asociación mediante la cual la mujer se apodera de su entorno y de su misma imagen construyendo su propia visión de la realidad y de la identidad genérica.
Ellas: de modelo a fotógrafa. La mujer como impulsora de nuevas formas retratísticas en los estudios fotográficos madrileños (1860- 1880)
Authors: Onfray Stéphany
Published: March 2018

Mediante este artículo, pretendemos dar una nueva visión de la relación entre mujer y fotografía en el siglo XIX, centrándonos en particular en Madrid entre 1860 y 1880, mediante la Colección Castellano, conservada en la Biblioteca Nacional de España. Queremos resaltar el rol activo de las mujeres en el desarrollo del nuevo medio como agente de expresión y de comunicación social. Para ello, estudiaremos tanto a la “mujer modelo” -y el poder que ejerce sobre su propio cuerpo- como a la “mujer fotógrafa” y al escaso límite que existe entre ambas.
Identification of Key Genes Related with Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment Through Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wang Liqun , Qian Hongjia , Wang Liqun
Published: March 2018

T0901317, a live X receptor agonist, can reduce amyloid β generation in vitro and in a mouse Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model. To investigate the global molecular effects of T0901317 in mouse hippocampus, we downloaded public GSE31624 generated from the hippocampus of wild-type mice, Tg2576 mice and T0901317-treated Tg2576 mice. Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were identified on LIMMA of R software. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment were analyzed through DAVID. Protein- protein interaction and hub genes were obtained based on STRING and Cytoscape. Nine downregulated and 68 upregulated DEGs in T0901317-treated Tg2576 were identified in comparison with untreated Tg2576 mice. Annotation analyses showed these DEGs correlated with transport (BP), membrane (CC) and binding (MF) terms and the dopaminergic synapse pathway. Protein-protein interaction network was built to find out some hub genes by maximal clique centrality. Discs large homolog 4 (Dlg4), the most outstanding gene, was associated with cognition improvement in aged AD mice. T0901317 may impact the development by regulating the Dlg4 expression. In conclusion, we investigated effects of T0901317 therapy on gene expression profiles in the hippocampus of Tg2576 mice and found Dlg4 may serve as putative therapeutics target for AD treatment.
Comparison of the Characteristics of Two Kinds of Tea Seed Oils: Oil-tea Seed Oil and Green-Tea Seed Oil
Authors: Weng Xinchu , Yun Zhuoting , Zhang Chenxiao
Published: March 2018

Physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition, antioxidant compounds and oxidative stability of oil-tea seed oil (Camellia oleifera Abel.) and green-tea seed oil (Camellia sinensis O. Ktze.) were investigated. The refractive index, saponification value, iodine value, acid value, peroxide value, unsaponifiables were determined to assess the quality of the oils. The major fatty acids of green-tea seed oil and oil-tea seed oil were oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid. Green-tea seed oil was typical oleic-linoleic-oil with 52.13% oleic acid and 24.32% linoleic acid level, whereas oil-tea seed oil was typical oleic-oil with very high oleic acid level (73.67%). The amount of total phenols, α-tocopherol and β-carotene of green-tea seed oil were 8.68 mg/kg, 160.33 mg/kg, 3.20 mg/kg, respectively, whereas they were 17.90 mg/kg, 85.66 mg/kg, 1.18 mg/kg in oil-tea seed oil, respectively. Green-tea seed oil contained high amounts of α-tocopherol which was nearly twice that of oil-tea seed oil. The initial induction period (IP) values of green-tea seed oil and oil-tea seed oil were 6.55h and 6.08h at 110 oC by OSI method, respectively, which shows the oxidative stability of two kinds of tea seed oils were preferable. Therefore, oil-tea seed oil could be a good dietary supplement with high level of monounsaturated fatty acids and similar fatty acid composition of olive oil. Green-tea seed oil was a new oil resource which is rich in α-tocopherol in China.
English Second Language Writing Difficulties and Challenges Among Saudi Arabian Language Learners
Authors: Alfaqiri Meshal
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore the writing difficulties and challenges that Saudi Arabian English as a second language learners experience at different levels of proficiency. The participants of the study consisted of 114 Saudi Arabian students between the ages of 15 and 36 (53 female, 61 male). The research questions not only focused on understanding the challenges presented to the students, but, also, the metacognitive strategies that the students used to solve these challenges. The results showed that the participants lacked experience in writing English and, as such, experienced grammar issues.
Saudi Medical Students’ Interest in Basic Medical Sciences and the Factors Affecting It
Authors: Althubaiti Suha , Althubaiti Norah
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate medical students’ interest in basic sciences and identify perceived obstacles for choosing a career in basic science.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted and carried out between March and May 2016 with 600 undergraduate medical students at the College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Students’ interest towards basic medical sciences was evaluated using a questionnaire.RESULTS: A total of 352 medical students (180 male and 172 female) responded. The leading reasons for not pursuing a career in basic sciences were that medical students aimed primarily to become clinicians (71.6%), would prefer to engage in clinical research (40.4%), were concerned about salaries in basic sciences (36.6%), and had not experienced exciting practical training in basic sciences (26.2%).CONCLUSION: Integrating basic sciences and clinical medicine and increasing research participation will result in more positive attitudes towards basic sciences. Furthermore, reducing the students’ concerns will encourage medical students to engage more with basic medical science.
Nível de atividade física e sua associação com indicadores antropométricos relacionados à saúde em adultos com deficiência visual
Authors: Scherer Roger Lima , Karasiak Fábio Colussi
Published: March 2018

Introduo: A atividade fsica est presente no dia a dia das pessoas, porm, no se observa esta prtica regular pelas pessoas com deficincia. Objetivos: O estudo buscou verificar o nvel de atividade fsica regular dos adultos com deficincia visual e sua associao com indicadores antropomtricos relacionados sade (IndAnt). Mtodos: 43 sujeitos (21 H e 22 M, 38,81 11,22 anos) tiveram 17 medidas antropomtricas mensuradas, utilizando a padronizao ISAK, e calculadas. O nvel de atividade fsica foi determinado utilizando o IPAQ verso curta. Resultados: Apenas alguns IndAnt (RCQ, INDICE C e %GORDURA) apresentaram associao com o nvel de atividade fsica em mulheres (p = 0,031, p = 0,06 e p = 0,039, respectivamente). Concluso: Foi encontrada pouca associao entre IndAnt e deficincia visual. Porm, isto pode ser explicado, em parte, por outros fatores que influenciam os indicadores antropomtricos, como desequilbrio entre a ingesta e o gasto calrico, e estes dados no foram coletados.
Eficácia de um protocolo de exercícios em cadeia cinética fechada para indivíduos com dor femoropatelar
Authors: Souza Gabriela Dos Santos de , Schwanck Aline Aparecida , Barbosa Rafael Inácio , Marcolino Alexandre Márcio , Kuriki Heloyse Uliam
Published: March 2018

Introduo: Acredita-se que resultados controversos quanto melhor abordagem teraputica para a Dor Femoropatelar (DFP) estejam relacionados a no padronizao dos voluntrios antes das avaliaes com relao ao nvel de estresse articular. Objetivo: Verificar a eficcia de um protocolo de fortalecimento para indivduos com DFP submetidos a um protocolo de estresse articular prvio s avaliaes a fim de padronizar os indivduos. Mtodos: Participaram 24 indivduos (14 DFP /10 controle). Utilizou-se testes ortopdicos, teste funcional step down, escalas e questionrios para dor e funcionalidade. O grupo DFP realizou um protocolo de fortalecimento durante trs meses. Resultados: Melhora nos testes ortopdicos, no teste funcional step down (p=0,000) e em todos os questionrios e escalas (p=0,000) foram observadas. O grupo DFP assemelhou-se ao grupo controle em relao ao teste funcional e aos questionrios (p0,05). Concluso: O protocolo foi efetivo, o grupo DFP assemelhou-se ao grupo controle aps a interveno.
Função pulmonar e força muscular respiratória em crianças com paralisia cerebral: estudo de casos
Authors: Cicero Ana Carolina , Rodrigues Claudiane Pedro , Valenciano Paola Janeiro
Published: March 2018

Introduo: A paralisia cerebral um transtorno no progressivo secundrio a leso no crebro imaturo e que acarreta principalmente em distrbio motor. Objetivo: Investigar a funo pulmonar e fora muscular respiratria em crianas na faixa etria entre seis a 12 anos, com paralisia cerebral GMFCS nveis I, II e III. Mtodos: Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com amostra de convenincia, na qual foi realizada uma nica avaliao que constitui-se em: ficha de identificao e caracterizao, avaliao antropomtrica, testes de funo pulmonar e fora muscular respiratria. Resultados: Os trs participantes apresentaram funo pulmonar preservada quando comparados aos seus valores preditos. Em relao a fora muscular respiratria, o participante com menor grau de funcionalidade, GMFCS III foi quem apresentou fora muscular respiratria menor que 50% do predito. Concluso: No presente estudo no houve relao entre funo pulmonar e fora muscular respiratria em crianas na faixa etria entre seis a 12 anos, com paralisia cerebral do tipo diplegia, GMFCS nveis II e III.
Formação de educadores ambientais no ensino superior: currículo, cidadania e consciência ambiental
Authors: Dickmann Ivo , Henrique Larissa
Published: March 2018

Compreendendo que na universidade que ocorre a formao de educadores em geral e dos educadores ambientais de forma especfica, o presente texto tem como proposta compreender como a temtica socioambiental est inserida nesse processo, tendo em vista que se faz necessrio, cada vez mais, sua insero de forma direta no currculo das licenciaturas; e, dessa forma, habilit-las para desenvolv-la na Educao Bsica de forma inter e transdisciplinar. Com base em referencial terico da Educao Ambiental crtica tendo Freire como autor principal , optou-se metodologicamente pela anlise documental das snteses dos PPCs dos cursos de licenciatura da Unochapec, a partir da escolha de categorias relacionadas dimenso ambiental. Do processo de anlise, resultou um quadro sintico da presena da temtica ambiental nos currculos, que demonstrou que essas questes aparecem centralmente no curso de Cincias Biolgicas, sendo que nas outras licenciaturas a presena pontual, embora numa perspectiva crtica.
Association of breathing patterns and quality of life in
patients with nasal obstruction
Authors: Gałązka Adam , Migacz Ewa , Kukwa Andrzej , Czarnecka Anna , Krzeski Antoni , Kukwa Wojciech
Published: March 2018

Introduction: In the general population, nasal obstruction is a common complaint. However, an objective evaluation
of nasal obstruction is difficult. Nose examination, computed tomography (CT), acoustic rhinometry, and anterior rhinomanometry
do not accurately reflect the discomfort reported by patients with nasal obstruction. In patients with
nasal obstruction, this study evaluated nasal breathing with a unique device for continuous nasal-oral spirometry –
a nasal-oral flow analyzer (NOFA); moreover, quality of life was compared between patients with normal nasal breathing
on NOFA and of those with impaired nasal breathing on NOFA.
Methods: Of 181 adult patients admitted to an ENT department due to nasal obstruction that were enrolled in the
study, 97 (53.6%) completed all per-protocol assessments, including the SF-36 questionnaire and 3-hour, continuous
nasal-oral spirometry with NOFA. Based on the presence of normal nasal breathing defined as ≥95% of nasal flow, the
97 patients were divided into those with normal nasal breathing (n=31) and impaired nasal breathing (n=66).
Results: Patients with normal nasal breathing differed from those with impaired nasal breathing with respect to all
SF-36 subscales (physical functioning, p=0.004; role-physical, p=0.009; bodily pain, p<0.001; general health, p=0.007;
vitality, p=0.002; social functioning, p=0.008; mental health, p=0.009; physical component summary, p<0.001; mental
component summary, p=0.02), except for the role-emotional subscale (p=0.1).
Conclusions: Among patients with symptoms of nasal obstruction, compared to patients with normal nasal breathing,
those with impaired nasal breathing had significantly lower quality of life in the physical and mental domains.
Further research needs to determine whether NOFA can be used to diagnose nasal obstruction.
A contribuição do cooperativismo de crédito solidário no fortalecimento da identidade territorial: o caso do sistema ASCOOB e sua atuação no território do Sisal, Bahia / The contribution of solidary credit cooperativism to the strengthening of (...)
Authors: Valverde Santos Ana Claudia
Published: March 2018

O cooperativismo é um conjunto de doutrinas que visa essencialmente o desenvolvimento econômico e social, suas práticas vêm de encontro às contradições surgidas com o capitalismo. Assim, a instituição cooperativa surge como uma proposta de superação da desigualdade e exploração. O presente estudo investiga se/como o cooperativismo de crédito solidário contribui no fortalecimento da identidade territorial dentro do Território do Sisal Bahia, mais precisamente com o recorte do município de Serrinha. Para tanto, foi necessário uso de pesquisas bibliográficas que possibilitaram o diálogo com diferentes teóricos que discutem as relações tecidas no território e o levantamento de dados através de entrevistas realizadas com os dirigentes e filiados à ASCOOB-Serrinha. O tratamento dessas informações e a revisão bibliográfica permitiu afirmar ao final do estudo que o cooperativismo de crédito solidário é um importante instrumento de inserção social e principalmente de representação identitária.

Palavras Chave: Cooperativismo. Economia Solidária. Identidade Territorial. Inserção Social. Representação Identitária.

Abstract:

Cooperativism is a set of doctrines that essentially aims at economic and social development, its practices come against the contradictions that arose with capitalism. Thus, the cooperative institution emerges as a proposal to overcome inequality and exploitation. The present study investigates whether cooperativism of solidarity credit contributes to the strengthening of the territorial identity within the Territory of Sisal Bahia, more precisely with the clipping of the municipality of Serrinha. In order to do so, it was necessary to use bibliographical researches that allowed the dialogue with different theorists that discuss the relations established in the territory and the data collection through interviews with the leaders and members of ASCOOB-Serrinha. The treatment of this information and the bibliographic review allowed us to affirm at the end of the study that cooperativism of solidarity credit is an important instrument of social insertion and mainly of identity representation.

Keywords: Cooperativism. Solidarity economy. Territorial Identity. Social Insertion. Identity Representation.
A urbanização extensiva de Aracaju e a formação de novos aglomerados habitacionais: avaliação a partir da desagregação de dados dos CENSOS-IBGE / The extensive urbanization of Aracaju and the formation of new housing agglomerates: evaluation (...)
Authors: Nascimento Manuela Maria , Araújo Hélio Mário de
Published: March 2018

Esta pesquisa justificou-se pela necessidade da análise dos desdobramentos da política habitacional brasileira recente, considerando dados em níveis espaciais mais específicos. Definiu-se como objetivo: analisar a expansão e situação habitacional da Região Metropolitana de Aracaju (SE) - RMA, no período de 2000 e 2013, relacionando à necessidade de grandes investimentos na produção de mais unidades habitacionais. Para tanto, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e a desagregação e geoprocessamento de dados secundários. Considerando a evolução da quantidade, localização e tipos de construções que emergiram na RMA, as tipologias de domicílios e características da evolução e distribuição da população, percebe-se que a intensa provisão na habitação popular dificilmente pode ser justificada pela diminuição do déficit habitacional.

Palavras–chave: habitação, políticas públicas, análise espaço-temporal.

Abstract

The present research was justified by the needed of an analysis of the deployments of the recent Brazilian housing policies, considering data at more specific spatial levels. It was defined as objective: analyze the housing expansion and situation in the Metropolitan Zone of Aracaju (SE) – MZA, between the years of 2000 and 2013, relating with of the need to large investments in the production of more housing units. For this, was realized a bibliographical and documental research, and the disaggregation and geoprocessing of secondary data. Considering the evolution of the quantity, of the location and of the types of buildings that emerged in the MZA, the typologies of the domiciles and the characteristics of the evolution and distribution of the population, it can be perceived that the intense provision in market popular housing will, until a certain point, be justified by the diminution of a housing deficit.

Keywords: habitation, public policies, temporal-spatial analysis.
Distribuição e contexto espacial de depressões fechadas na porção sul da serra do Caparaó (região de Espera Feliz, MG), como subsídio à compreensão da evolução regional do relevo / Distribution and spatial context of closed depressions in (...)
Authors: Faria Erick De Oliveira
Published: March 2018

Depressões fechadas são feições de formato arredondado que apresentam ausência de um canal de saída de fluxos d’agua superficiais. Sua presença já foi identificada em diversos contextos paisagísticos com diferentes explicações no que refere a sua gênese e seu papel na evolução da paisagem. O local de estudo do presente trabalho situa-se nas proximidades do município de Espera Feliz-MG, localizado na porção sul da Serra do Caparaó, que tem como característica em seu cenário paisagístico a presença destas feições. Assim sendo, este trabalho objetivou integrar técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e de processamento e análise espacial, integrando variáveis físicas como, pedologia, hidrografia, hipsometria, declividade e litologia buscando avaliar padrões de dispersão e concentração, na paisagem do local de estudo. Os resultados mostraram que há um padrão topográfico / geomorfológico de ocorrência para as 108 feições identificadas, isto é, um compartimento intermediário da paisagem formado por colinas e morros policonvexos, mais precisamente nas suas vertentes. No conjunto, acredita-se que se tratem de cicatrizes de movimentos de massa ou outras formas de erosão, revelando uma intima associação entre pedogênese e morfogênese na paisagem regional.

Palavras-chave: Sensoriamento Remoto; Depressões Fechadas; Evolução da Paisagem.

Abstract

Closed depressions are rounded-shaped features that exhibit no outlet channel for surface water flows. Its presence has already been identified in several landscape contexts with different explanations regarding its genesis and its role in landscape evolution. The place of study of the present study is located in the region of the city of Espera Feliz-MG, located in the southern portion of Serra do Caparaó, which features in its landscape scenery the presence of these features. Therefore, this work aimed to integrate remote sensing and spatial analysis and processing techniques, integrating physical variables such as pedology, hydrography, hypsometry, slope and lithology, in order to evaluate dispersion and concentration patterns in the landscape of the place of study. The results showed that there is a topographical / geomorphological pattern of occurrence for the 108 features identified, that is, an intermediate landscape compartment formed by hills and policonvex hills, more precisely in their slopes. In the joint, it is believed that they are scars of mass movements or other forms of erosion, revealing an intimate association between pedogenesis and morphogenesis in the regional landscape.

Keywords: Remote sensing; Closed Depressions; Landscape Evolution
Molecular Diagnostics in Pathology: Time for a Next-Generation Pathologist?
Authors: Fassan Matteo
Published: March 2018

Context.—

Comprehensive molecular investigations of mainstream carcinogenic processes have led to the use of effective molecular targeted agents in most cases of solid tumors in clinical settings.

Objective.—

To update readers regarding the evolving role of the pathologist in the therapeutic decision-making process and the introduction of next-generation technologies into pathology practice.

Data Sources.—

Current literature on the topic, primarily sourced from the PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, Bethesda, Maryland) database, were reviewed.

Conclusions.—

Adequate evaluation of cytologic-based and tissue-based predictive diagnostic biomarkers largely depends on both proper pathologic characterization and customized processing of biospecimens. Moreover, increased requests for molecular testing have paralleled the recent, sharp decrease in tumor material to be analyzed—material that currently comprises cytology specimens or, at minimum, small biopsies in most cases of metastatic/advanced disease. Traditional diagnostic pathology has been completely revolutionized by the introduction of next-generation technologies, which provide multigene, targeted mutational profiling, even in the most complex of clinical cases. Combining traditional and molecular knowledge, pathologists integrate the morphological, clinical, and molecular dimensions of a disease, leading to a proper diagnosis and, therefore, the most-appropriate tailored therapy.
Phylotocol: Promoting transparency and overcoming bias in phylogenetics
Authors: Ryan Joseph F , DeBiasse Melissa B
Published: March 2018

Research products that lack transparency and are influenced by confirmation bias lead to barriers that, when left unchecked, propagate throughout the scientific record and lead to wasted research effort. Phylogenetics is particularly vulnerable given its ever-evolving methodology and wide choice of options for conducting analyses. Great strides in transparency have been achieved in clinical research by the implementation of a priori protocols. Here we propose a similar approach—phylotocol—a straightforward, protocol-driven strategy tailored to the needs of phylogenetic studies. We provide a simple template and offer a flexible range of implementation frameworks, including preregistration options. Besides increasing transparency and accountability, phylotocol has the added benefits of improving study design and reproducibility, enhancing collaboration and education, and increasing the likelihood of project completion. The increased transparency afforded by wide adoption of an a priori system like phylotocol would have extensive benefits to science.
MIPhy: Identify and quantify rapidly evolving members of large gene families
Authors: Curran David M , Gilleard John S , Wasmuth James D
Published: March 2018

After transitioning to a new environment, species often exhibit rapid phenotypic innovation. One of the fastest mechanisms for this is duplication followed by specialization of existing genes, which leaves a phylogenetic signature of lineage-specific expansions and contractions. These can be identified by analyzing the gene family across several species and identifying patterns of gene duplication and loss that do not correlate with the known relationships between those species. This signature, termed phylogenetic instability, has been previously linked to adaptations that change the way an organism samples and responds to its environment; conversely, low phylogenetic instability has been previously linked to proteins with endogenous functions.

Here, we present MIPhy, a method to identify and quantify phylogenetic instability by quantifying the incongruence of a gene’s evolutionary history. The motivation behind MIPhy was to produce a tool to aid in interpreting phylogenetic trees. It can predict which members of a gene family are under adaptive evolution, working only from a gene tree and the relationship between the species under consideration.

We demonstrate the usefulness of MIPhy by accurately predicting which members of the mammalian cytochrome P450 gene superfamily metabolize xenobiotics and which metabolize endogenous compounds. Our predictions correlate very well with known substrate specificities of the human enzymes. We also analyze the Caenorhabditis collagen gene family and use MIPhy to predict genes that produce an observable phenotype when knocked down in C. elegans, and show that our predictions correlate well with existing knowledge. The software can be downloaded and installed from https://github.com/dave-the-scientist/miphy under a BSD 2-clause license. It is also available as an online web tool at http://miphy.wasmuthlab.org.