bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving survival models in healthcare: a novel matching approach
Authors: Bertsimas Dimitris , Ning Catherine , Lønning Per Eystein , Baba Hideo , Endo Itaru , Burkhart Richard , Aucejo Federico N , Balzer Felix , Kreis Martin E , Margonis Georgios Antonios
Published: December 2024

We present, to our knowledge, the first methodological study aimed at enhancing the prognosticpower of Cox regression models, widely used in survival analysis, through optimized data selection. Ourapproach employs a novel two-stage mechanism: by framing the prognostic stratum matching problemintuitively, we select prognostically representative patient observations to create a more balanced trainingset. This enables the model to assign equal attention to distinct prognostic subgroups. We demonstratethe methodology using an observational dataset of 1,799 patients with resected colorectal cancer livermetastases, 1,197 of whom received adjuvant chemotherapy and 602 who did not. In our study, as is current standard practice, the comparator was training prognostic models on the entire cohort (referred to as ”model 1”). Models trained on the untreated and treated subgroups, matched through our approach (referred to as ”model 3A and 3B”, respectively), showed an improvement of up to 20% in bootstrapped C-indices compared tomodel 1. Notably, model 3 exhibited superior calibration, with a 6- to 10-fold improvement over model 1. Additional performance metrics aligned with these findings, and robustness was confirmed through biascorrectedbootstrapping. Given the ongoing development of numerous linear prognostic models and thegeneral applicability of our approach to any observational data, this method holds significant potentialto impact biomedical research and clinical practice where prognostic models are utilized.
Precision targeting of β-catenin induces tumor reprogramming and immunity in hepatocellular cancers
Authors: Monga Satdarshan , Lehrich Brandon , Delgado Evan , Yasaka Tyler , Liu Silvia , Cao Catherine , Liu Yuqing , Taheri Mohammad , Guan Xiangnan , Koeppen Hartmut , Singh Sucha , Liu Jia-Jun , Singh-Varma Anya , Krutsenko Yekaterina , Poddar Minakshi , Hitchens T. , Foley Lesley , Liang Binyong , Rialdi Alex , Rai Ravi , Patel Panari , Riley Madeline , Bell Aaron , Raeman Reben , Dadali Tulin , Luke Jason , Guccione Ernesto , Ebrahimkhani Mo , Lujambio Amaia , Chen Xin , Maier Martin , Wang Yulei , Broom Wendy , Tao Junyan
Published: December 2024

First-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations show responses in subsets of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Nearly half of HCCs are Wnt-active with mutations in CTNNB1 (encoding for β-catenin), AXIN1/2, or APC, and demonstrate limited benefit to ICI due to an immune excluded tumor microenvironment. We show significant tumor responses in multiple β-catenin-mutated immunocompetent HCC models to a novel siRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticle targeting CTNNB1 (LNP-CTNNB1). Both single-cell and spatial transcriptomics revealed cellular and zonal reprogramming of CTNNB1-mutated tumors, along with activation of immune regulatory transcription factors IRF2 and POU2F1, re-engaged type I/II interferon signaling, and alterations in both innate and adaptive immune responses upon β-catenin suppression with LNP-CTNNB1. Moreover, LNP-CTNNB1 synergized with ICI in advanced-stage disease through orchestrating enhanced recruitment of cytotoxic T cell aggregates. Lastly, CTNNB1-mutated patients treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab combination had decreased presence of lymphoid aggregates, which were prognostic for response and survival. In conclusion, LNP-CTNNB1 is efficacious as monotherapy and in combination with ICI in CTNNB1-mutated HCCs through impacting tumor cell intrinsic signaling and remodeling global immune surveillance, providing rationale for clinical investigations.
Retrospective Evaluation of Demographic, Clinical, Laboratory Findings and Inflammatory Biomarkers of Patients Followed with the Diagnosis of Serum Sickness-Like Reaction
Authors: SALAR Seda TAŞDEMİR , Yorulmaz Alaaddin , Güngörer Vildan , Arslan Şükrü
Published: December 2024

Objectives
In the present study, the purpose was to examine whether there are any changes in these hematological parameters and their prognostic significance in patients diagnosed with SSLR and followed and treated in our clinic.
Methods
The files of 122 patients who were hospitalized and followed up with a diagnosis of SSLR in the Pediatric Healthcare and Diseases Clinic between September 2016 and December 2021 were examined retrospectively.
Results
A total of 64 (52.5%) of the patients were male, 58 (47.5%) were female. The age distribution of the patients varied between 14 months and 213 months. When the clinical findings of the patients who were included in the study were examined. Statistically significant differences were detected in the Neutrophil Count, Lymphocyte Count, NLR, PLR, RLR, AST/ALT Ratio, SII, and AST/PLT ratios of the patients compared to the control group. According to the ROC analysis results of the present study, it was found that NLR, PLR, RLR, RLR, and SII values were statistically high in diagnosis.
Conclusions
NLR and PLR values were elevated in SSLR patients, showing that these parameters can be used as important inflammation markers in the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease.
Levosimendan and postoperative NT-proBNP release in noncardiac surgery – a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, phase III trial
Authors: Kabon Barbara , Reiterer Christian , Taschner Alexander , Graf Alexandra , Adamowitsch Nikolas , Horvath Katharina , Emler David , Zotti Oliver , Hantakova Nicole , Hochreiter Beatrix , Fraunschiel Melanie , Clement Theresa , Fleischmann Edith
Published: December 2024

Background: Postoperative elevated NT-proBNP concentrations are independently associated with cardiovascular complications and mortality after noncardiac surgery. Levosimendan significantly decreases the release of NT-proBNP, however, the effect in noncardiac surgical patients remains unknown. Thus, this study evaluates the effect of a perioperative levosimendan administration on postoperative maximum NT-proBNP.
Methods: 230 cardiovascular risk patients undergoing moderate- to high-risk major noncardiac surgery were included in this prospective, double-blinded, parallel group, placebo-controlled, phase III trial, between October 2020 through November 2023. 115 patients were assigned to perioperative single-dose of 12.5mg starting with a rate of 0.2 mcg.kg-1.min-1 of levosimendan and 115 patients were assigned to placebo. The primary outcome was postoperative maximum NT-proBNP concentration within the first three postoperative days. Secondary outcomes were MINS and maximum troponin T concentrations within the first three postoperative days.
Results: Among 230 patients, 228 patients completed the trial. There was no significant difference in postoperative maximum NT-proBNP concentrations between the groups (effect estimate: -82.99ng.L-1; 95% CI -321.08 to 190.96; p=0.48). The incidence of MINS (p=0.063) and postoperative maximum troponin T (effect estimate: 0.45, 95% CI-1.66 to 3.41; p=0.728) concentrations within the first three postoperative days did not differ significantly between the groups.
Conclusions: Levosimendan administration did not lead to a significantly lower release in postoperative NT-proBNP in cardiovascular risk patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery. There was no significant difference in MINS and postoperative Troponin T concentrations. The role of pre-emptive levosimendan as prophylactic treatment option in cardiovascular high-risk patients must be verified in large-scale trials.
Boundary Complexity of (Sub-) Cortical Areas Predict Deep Brain Stimulation Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Schoen Devin , Deutsch Skyler , Mehta Juhi , Wang Sarah , Kornak John , Starr Philip , Wang Doris , Ostrem Jill , Bledsoe Ian , Morrison Melanie
Published: December 2024

While deep brain stimulation (DBS) remains an effective therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD), sources of variance in patient outcomes are still not fully understood, underscoring a need for better prognostic criteria. Here we leveraged routinely collected T1-weighted (T1-w) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to derive patient-specific measures of brain structure and evaluate their usefulness in predicting changes in PD medications in response to DBS. Preoperative T1-w MRI data from 231 patients with PD were used to extract regional measures of fractal dimension (FD), sensitive to the structural complexities of cortical and subcortical areas. FD was validated as a biomarker of Parkinson's disease (PD) progression through comparison of patients with PD and healthy controls (HCs). This analysis revealed significant group differences in FD across nine brain regions which supports its utility as a marker of PD. We evaluated the impact of adding imaging features (FD) to a clinical model that included demographics and clinical parameters—age, sex, total number and location of DBS electrodes, and preoperative motor response to levodopa. This model aimed to explain variance and predict changes in medication following DBS. Regression analysis revealed that inclusion of the FD of distributed brain areas correlated with post-DBS reductions in medication burden, explaining an additional 13.6% of outcome variance (R2=0.388) compared to clinical features alone (R2=0.252). Hypergraph-based classification learning tasks achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.64 when predicting with clinical features alone, versus 0.76 when combining clinical and imaging features. These findings demonstrate that PD effects on brain morphology linked to disease progression influence DBS outcomes. The work also highlights FD as a potentially useful imaging biomarker to enhance DBS candidate selection criteria for optimized treatment planning.
Peripheral blood cellular dynamics during the progression of human tuberculosis
Authors: Gu Wanjun , Zhu Shanshan , Yan Hanlin , Dai Qiuchen , Ma Yuexuan , Niu Yayan , Chen Chen , Wu Meiying , Xie Xueying
Published: December 2024

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a significant global health challenge. The composition of peripheral blood immune cells offers valuable insights into the progression and management of TB. In this study, we analyzed cellular dynamics across the TB disease spectrum using 43 global transcriptomic datasets encompassing 5,902 blood samples. Our findings reveal distinct immune changes during the early stages of TB progression. As latent TB infection (LTBI) transitions to incipient TB (ITB), monocyte proportions increase, while natural killer (NK) cell counts decline. In subclinical TB (STB), monocyte levels rise further, alongside reductions in NK cells and B cells. These early immune shifts precede the pronounced alterations observed in active TB (ATB), where elevated monocytes and neutrophils are accompanied by significant decrease in lymphocyte populations, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, and NK cells. During successful anti-TB treatment (ATT), immune profiles gradually normalize, characterized by reductions in monocytes and neutrophils and increases in lymphocyte populations. Factors such as TB burden, age, and HIV co-infection influence these cellular dynamics, with adults and individuals in low TB burden regions exhibiting more pronounced immune responses. This study implies the potential of early-stage peripheral blood biomarkers, such as NK cell changes, for detecting TB progression and facilitating targeted preventive interventions. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of diverse datasets in improving the reliability of discoveries and advancing TB diagnostics and treatment strategies.
Visual Awareness Sharpens and Accelerates Attentional Sampling Through Enhancing Inhibitory Neural Modulation in the Attention Network
Authors: Jiang Yi , Yang Fang , Yuan Peijun , Shen Li , Zhou Ke , He Sheng
Published: December 2024

Attentional sampling, driven by neural oscillations in the fronto-parietal attention network, sequentially focuses on stimuli in a rhythmic pattern, enhancing the efficiency of attentional selection. While this function is considered inherent and default, the role of conscious awareness in this process remains largely unexplored. In this study, we employed the Chromatic Flicker Fusion (CFF) method to render attentional cues invisible and investigated how visual awareness modulates attentional sampling. Using a high-temporal-resolution behavioral paradigm and EEG in conjunction with the time response function method, we found that both visible and invisible cues induced behavioral rhythmic attentional sampling and reset neural connectivity between the frontal and right occipito-parietal regions, indicating that attention samples rhythmically regardless of cue awareness. Intriguingly, visible cues not only elicited additional inhibition effects in behavioral performance and enhanced inhibitory alpha activity in the neural response function, but also triggered faster attentional sampling (~8 Hz vs. ~4 Hz) and higher frequency top-down connectivity between the prefrontal and right occipito-parietal regions (alpha vs. theta band). These findings provide the first evidence that the conscious representation of attentional cues influences inhibitory neural response in the fronto-parietal attention network and modulates the attentional sampling process. The emergence of consciousness enables humans to more effectively sample information and navigate the ever-changing external world.
The effect of antifungal medications on the sensitivity of dermatophyte culture
Authors: Al-Dhalimi Muhsin , Al-Dhalimi Sarmad
Published: December 2024

Recently, there has been an increase in the incidence of dermatophyte infections and increasing resistance to antifungal drugs. The current study aimed to highlight the effects of antifungal medications on culture sensitivity. This was a case-control study of patients with clinically evident dermatophyte infection and positive KOH microscopic examination. The culture was performed using Dextrose Sabouraud Agar (DSA). Patients were divided according to their treatment status at the time of presentation: patients on antifungal drugs, patients who stopped antifungal drugs, patients using topical steroids and patients not using any form of treatment (the control group). The number of enrolled patients was 133. Patients who did not receive any type of treatment showed the highest percentage 18/33 (54.5%) of fungal growth on culture media. Patients who were using systemic with or without topical antifungal drugs at the time of presentation or stopped them within one month, had statistically significant lower culture success rates (10.0% and 10.5%), respectively. Systemic ± topical antifungal drugs stopped more than one month before sampling had no significant effect on culture results with a success rate (33.3%). Patients with topical antifungal drugs had high positive culture rates (33.3%) for those continuing on topical, 50.0% for stopped < 2 weeks, 57.1% for stopped > 2 weeks). Patients on topical corticosteroids had low positive culture rates (28.6%) as compared to control, but not statistically significant. In conclusion, systemic antifungal medications alone or with topical formulation can significantly affect culture sensitivity, while topical antifungal drugs alone and topical corticosteroids have no significant effect.
Assessment of Antioxidant Enzymes and Vitamins on Lettuce(Lactuca Sativa) Obtained From Cement Company of Northern Nigeria (Sokoto Cement) and Kwalkwalawa Area.
Authors: Junaidu Haliru , Buhari Amina Aliyu , Joy Habiba Hassan , Junaidu Fatahu , Junaidu Ismail Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Environmental pollution is a major issue which confronts industry and business in today’s world ondaily basis. Industrial activities are the leading cause of metals emission, often associated with soil and plant metal concentration in adjacent regions. Cement industry is one of the 17 most polluting industries listed by the central pollution control board (CPCB). Impact of dust deposition from Cement Company of Northern Nigeria on the antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant vitamins concentrations of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) was studied. A comparative study of vitamins concentration and enzymes of Lactuca sativa samples from Kalambaina (Industrial area) and Kwalkwalawa (Non-Industrial area) were estimated using spectrophotometric method and standard analytical procedures respectively.Antioxidant enzymes (CAT and SOD) were found to be Significantly higher(P<0.05) in lettuce sample obtained from kalanbaina compared to sample obtain from kwalkwalawa, CAT (881.22 ± 87.735 units/ml),SOD (2.030 ± 0.017units/ml) and GSH (2025 ± 115.47mg/dl), and value of antioxidant vitamins Vit A (219.48 ± 10.970mg/dl), Vit C (4095.28 ± 54.843mmol/L) and Vit E (33.5 ± 1.782mg/dl) were foud to be Significantly higher in Lactuca sativacollected from Kalambaina (P<0.05) when compare to sample collected from Kwalkwalawa. This might be as a result of activities in the cement industry. Conclusively, plants grown at cement industries might not be safe for consumption.
Outcomes of Laparoscopic vs. Open Appendectomy in Children: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Yousaf Faha , Aslam Bilal , Mehr Umair Sohail , Aslam Mehwish
Published: December 2024

Background: The clinical condition of appendicitis is a frequent surgical emergency in childhood, for which two principal forms of operative treatment are available: LA and OA. Although the technique of LA has been advocated due to less invasive route compared to OA for its treatment in pediatric patients, controversy continues regarding safety, efficacy and cost effectiveness of LA over OA in pediatric patients.
Objective: Therefore, this study seeks to establish an LA vs OA comparison for pediatric patients with available multi centred data, in order to give practical recommendations for choice purposes.
Methods: In the final analysis, 30 pediatric patients aged between 3 and 18 years who underwent either LA or OA during the period January 2015 to December 2020 were included in the study. Samples were obtained from several tertiary care centers; and the source data analyzed for operative time, length of stay, complication and readmission rates, and cost-utility. T-tests, ANOVA’s, chi-square tests and logistic regression tests were used to make comparisons of the outcomes of both surgical techniques.
Results: The group of patients in the LA group has shown lesser operative time (45. 75 ± 14. 79 min vs 54. 89 ± 19. 62 min; p < 0. 001) and hospital stays (1. 51 ± 0. 70 days vs 3. 22 ± 1. 16 days; p < 0. 001) than the OA group. Further, LA was linked with less odds of postoperative complications (3. 69% vs. 9. 82%; p < 0. 001) as well as readmissions (2. 62% vs. 5. 09%; p = 0. 035). The overall study design along with logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a reduced risk of complications (p < 0. 001) in patients who underwent LA irrespective of their age and similarly there was a reduced risk of readmissions (p = 0. 024) in the same group of patients.
Conclusion: In pediatric patients, laparoscopic appendectomy is superior to open appendectomy owing to shortest operative duration, shortest hospitalization, and lowest morbidity, and readmission rates. In agreement with these findings, LA has been preferred in pediatric appendicitis; however, each individual should be assessed in terms of the patient’s characteristics and surgical capacity.
Bibliometric Analysis of Research Conducted Between 2000-2024 in the Field of Systems Theory: Conceptual Foundations
Authors: Coşkun Şengül
Published: December 2024

Systems are dynamic elements composed of interrelated components and interactions organized to achieve a specific goal. As system complexity increases, the interactions between system states and problems emerge. Therefore, system models need to exhibit a holistic approach, track behavior changes, and be flexible in response to changing events. This study examines the research conducted in the field of systems theory between 2000 and 2024 through bibliometric analysis within the framework of systems approach, systems thinking, and system dynamics concepts. It is shown that systems consist of interrelated components and that these relationships contain non-linear, cyclic causal structures. While systems theory provides a holistic approach to problems, the systems approach offers a flexible perspective on changing phenomena. Systems thinking is a concept that encourages the holistic examination of processes and focuses on the relationships of parts, whereas system dynamics, by considering feedback loops and dynamic elements, ensures a comprehensive understanding of the system and is used for designing sustainable policies. This study, using bibliometric analysis—a method that develops techniques to measure scientific communication—emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary tools for understanding and managing complex systems holistically
ИСТОРИЧНОСТЬ И УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫЙ ЭВОЛЮЦИОНИЗМ
Authors: Ионов И.Н.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема соотношения историчности и концепции универсального (глобального) эволюционизма, претендующей на парадигмальный, трансдисциплинарный и постнеклассический статус и доминирующей в некоторых областях отечественной макроистории. Анализируются варианты представлений о естественнонаучной темпоральности и гуманитарной историчности, их диалогический потенциал. Хотя универсальный эволюционизм признает в теории достижения неклассической науки и исторического знания, но в приложении к исторической проблематике (теория цивилизаций, универсальная история) он игнорирует проблематику историчности, оставаясь во многом физикалистским.

The article deals with the problem of correlation between historicity and the concept of universal (or global) evolutionism, which claims a paradigmatic, transdisciplinary and post-nonclassical status and dominating in some areas of domestic macrohistory. We consider variants of ideas about natural-science temporality and humanitarian historicity, and their dialogical potential. It is indicated that although universal evolutionism acknowledges in the theory the achievements of nonclassical science and historical knowledge, but in the application to historical problems (the theory of civilizations, big history) it ignores the problem of historicity, remaining largely physicalist.
УРОВНИ ВОСПРИЯТИЯ АНТИЧНОСТИФЛОРЕНТИЙСКИМИ ГОРОЖАНАМИ(по семейным книгам, дневникам, переписке)
Authors: Тельменко Е.П. , Краснова И.А.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена восприятию античного наследия представителями городской среды Флоренции в XIV–XV вв. Исследование производится на основе анализа семейных книг, переписки, биографий и хроник. Выделение уровней приобщенности к античной культуре опирается на такие критерии, как круг чтения, степень образованности, знание латинского языка, целеполагание, отражающие разные степени интеллектуализации горожан, занятых торговлей, предпринимательством, банковским делом. Авторами предпринимается попытка определить влияние процесса складывания флорентийского патрициата на формирование интеллектуально-культурной элиты в первой половине XV в.

The given article is devoted to the perception of the ancient heritage by the representatives of Florence urban environment, who were non-humanists in the 14th and 15thcenturies. The research is conducted on the basis of sources of a personal origin, related to the literature of “the second plan”: family books, correspondence, and also biographies and chronicles. Such principles as the scope of reading, the level of education, the knowledge of Latin, goal setting, reflecting different degrees of intellectualization of the townspeople engaged in trade, business, and banking are posited as the basis to determine the levels of their appropriation of the ancient culture. The article represents an attempt to define the influence of the Florentine patriciate formation process upon the development of the intellectual and cultural elite in the first half of the 15th century.
ЛЕОНАРДО ДА ВИНЧИ И ТРАКТАТ ГАЛЕНА«О НАЗНАЧЕНИИ ЧАСТЕЙ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО ТЕЛА»
Authors: Миталева М.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается вопрос о влиянии на Леонардо да Винчи взглядов римского медика и философа Галена с опорой на трактат «О назначении частей человеческого тела» как наиболее вероятно известного Леонардо. Выстраивается схема «Гален и Леонардо да Винчи» из дневниковых заметок и контактов, а также параллелей в работах ученых. Из смысловых пересечений важным моментом является проявление галеновской телеологии в записях Леонардо да Винчи.

The paper presents the impact of views of Roman physician and philosopher Galen on Leonardo da Vinci, with the most likely known treatise «On the usefulness of the parts of the body» as the basis. Scheme «Galen and Leonardo da Vinci» is built from diary notes and contacts, and parallels between works of both scientists. From these semantic intersections, the manifestation of Galen’s teleology in the records of Leonardo da Vinci is an important point.
ДЖОФФРИ КИТИНГ И ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯОБ ИСТОРИИ “ГОСУДАРСТВА”ТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ ФОРМЫ И НОВЫЕ КОНТЕКСТЫ
Authors: Левин Ф.Е.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется исторический нарратив Джоффри Китинга (1580–1644) «Основа знаний об Ирландии» как рефлексия по поводу британского композитарного проекта в Ирландии. В центре внимания образ власти, сконструированный не только на основании позаимствованного ирландского средневекового материала, но и современных Китингу представлений. Можно заключить, что нарратив Китинга вобрал в себя концепты власти, перешедшие в нетронутом виде из предшествующей ирландской традиции, а также анахронизмы, элементы современной Китингу реальности, наложенные на прошлое Ирландии.

The author analyses the historical narrative, Foras Feasa ar Éirinn, written by Geoffrey Keating (1580–1644), as reflection on British composite project in Ireland. The article explores the image of authority which was constructed not only on the basis of copied or retold material from the medieval Irish sources, but also on the basis of perceptions of the period Keating lived in. Therefore, Keating's narrative comprised concepts of authority, which the author acquired from preceding Irish tradition and which he left intact, and anachronisms, the elements of the reality surrounding the Irish history-writer, which were projected on the Irish past.
КНЯЗЬ ВЛАДИМИР ВЕЛИКИЙ КАК НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ГЕРОЙ
Authors: Сосницкий Д.А. , Ростовцев Е.А.
Published: December 2024

Основные черты мифа о князе Владимире Святославиче остаются неизменными уже много веков. Традиция панегирического восхваления князя-крестителя берет начало в XI в. и продолжается до сих пор. В статье прослежен путь формирования «мифа» о Владимире Святом с эпохи средневековья до начала XX в., показано его место в пантеоне российских национальных героев. Охарактеризованы основные черты образа князя в массовом историческом сознании россиян, сформированные посредством летописной и устной традиции, художественной и публицистической литературы, монументальной скульптуры и периодической печати.

The main features of the myth about Vladimir the Great remain unchanged for many centuries. The tradition of panegyric praise of the Prince-Baptizer originated in the 11th century and continues to this day. The interest in the Prince's personality does not go out over the next 1000 years. The way for the formation of the "myth" about Vladimir the Great from the Middle Ages to the beginning of the 20st century, his place in the pantheon of Russian national heroes in different historical epochs is reconstructed in the article. The main features of the image of the Prince in the mass historical memory of Russians, which was formed with chronicle and verbal traditions, fiction and nonfiction, monumental sculptures and the periodical press, are characterized.
ИЗ ИСТОРИИ ЭЛЛИНИСТИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙВ СОВЕТСКОЙ АРМЕНИИ
Authors: Маргарян Е.Г.
Published: December 2024

Эллинистические исследования в Армении прошли несколько этапов взлетов и падений. Первое поколение отечественных арменоведов, предуготовившее появление историографии эллинизма в Армении было представлено выдающимися учеными Н. Адонцем, А. Манадяном, Т. Авдвалбегяном и др., но первые специальные исследования по истории эллинизма в Армении принадлежат С.Т. Еремяну, чьи работы на десятилетия определили направление исследований в данной области. Исследования Еремяна по истории эллинизма развивались в русле идей А.Б. Рановича, рассматривавшего эллинизм как этап развития рабовладельческой формации. В дальнейшем эллинистические исследования в Армении были связаны с работами таких крупных антиковедов как Г.Х. Саркисян, А.Г. Периханян, Г.А. Тирацян. Подобно К.К. Зельину, они не рассматривали рабовладение как основной маркер эллинизма, а Армению как классическую рабовладельческую страну средиземноморского типа, но окончательно выбраться из «прокрустова ложа» традиционной для советской историографии «пятичленной» схемы в то время было невозможно. В постсоветский период эллинистические исследования в Армении в силу объективных и субъективных причин пришли в упадок, и теперь приходится восстанавливать утерянные позиции.

Hellenistic studies in Armenia have gone through several upheavals. The first generation of Armenian armenologists, who prepared the appearance of Hellenistic historiography in Armenia, was represented by outstanding scholars N. Adonts, H. Manadyan, T. Avdvalbegyan, etc. However, the first special studies on the history of Hellenism in Armenia belong to S. Eremyan, whose work for decades determined further direction of research in this field. S. Ermenyan's research on the history of Hellenism in Armenia and neighboring countries developed in the vein of the ideas of A. Ranovich, who considered Hellenism as the next stage in the development of the slave-owning formation. Hellenistic studies in Armenia were further developed in the works of such great hellenist as G. Sarkisyan, A. Perikhanyan, G. Tiratsyan and others. Like K. Zel’in, they did not view slavery as the main marker of Hellenism, and Armenia and other countries of the East as a classical slave-owning country of the Mediterranean type. However, it was impossible to finally get out of the "Procrustean bed" of the traditional "five-membered" scheme for Soviet historiography in this historical epoch. In the post-Soviet period, Hellenistic studies in Armenia, due to objective and subjective reasons, declined, and now we have to restore lost positions.
ПОНЯТИЕ «ДЖЕНТЛЬМЕН»В ФОКУСЕ ВНИМАНИЯ БРИТАНЦЕВ XIX ВЕКА
Authors: Давиденко А.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется контекст использования понятия джентльмен в XIX в. на материале британской периодики, публицистики и художественной литературы. Показано, что в викторианскую эпоху в содержании понятия происходят значительные перемены, в основе которых – претензии представителей широких слоев населения на статус джентльмена. Сделан вывод о демократизации понятия, связаной с ослаблением к концу XIX в. критерия знатности происхождения.

The article analyzes the use of the concept of gentleman in the 19th century, using the material of British periodicals, social essays and fiction. Specific examples show significant changes in the usage of the concept during the Victorian era, which were based on the claims of wide ranks of commoners to the status of a gentleman. A conclusion has been made about the democratization of the concept by the end of the 19th c. because by the late 19th c. noble birth ceased to be the main criterion of belonging to the aristocracy.
ИСТОРИКО-КУЛЬТУРНЫЕ ИСТОКИ ФЕВРАЛЬСКОГОРЕВОЛЮЦИОННОГО КРИЗИСА 1917 ГОДАИДЕИ ЛИДЕРОВ ПРОГРЕССИВНОГО БЛОКА
Authors: Кочешков Г.Н. , Сараева Е.Л.
Published: December 2024

В статье предложен анализ идей либеральных и умеренно-правых лидеров Прогрессивного блока в IV Государственной думе об историко-культурных истоках Февральской революции 1917 г., вызвавшей кризис российской государственности. Разнообразие мнений историков о причинах революционного кризиса того времени обусловливает продолжение дискуссии на эту тему. Важен анализ политической культуры лиц, игравших значительную роль в решении вопроса о власти в то время, выявление их национально-государственных приоритетов, мотивации принятия решений. Реконструированы представления «прогрессистов» о долговременных процессах, имевших революционный потенциал: незавершенность реформ, ориентация монархии на политические традиции, не сложился диалог власти с либеральной общественностью, радикализм левых сил в стране, социокультурный раскол общества, не удалось ввести верховенство закона и др. Выявлены идейно-ценностные основы интерпретации либералами и умеренно-правыми социально-политических процессов, обусловивших Февральскую революцию, а также видение политиками-интел-лектуалами национальных приоритетов развития России – взаимодействие государства с общественностью на условии защищенности прав личности.

The article offers an analysis of the ideas of the liberal and moderate right-wing leaders of the Progressive Bloc in the Fourth State Duma for historical and cultural origins of the February Revolution of 1917, which have caused a crisis of Russian statehood. The diversity of historians’ opinions of the causes of the revolutionary crisis of the time stipulates the continuation of the discussion on this topic. It is important to analyze the political culture of individuals who played a significant role in resolving the issue of power at the time, when they identified their political priorities and decision-making motivation. The ideas of the Progressists about long-term processes with a revolutionary potential were reconstructed: the incompleteness of reforms, the monarchy's orientation toward political traditions, the absence of a dialogue between the authorities and the liberals, the radicalism of the leftist forces in the country, the sociocultural split in society, the inability of the authorities to introduce the rule of law, and others. The ideological-value elements in an interpretation of the socio-political processes having led to the February revolution by liberals and moderate right-wing activists are shown: the rule of law, democracy, political freedoms and human rights, culture, powerful statehood, Russia. The value approach has determined the vision by the intellectual politicians of the national priorities of Russia's development - the interaction of the government with the public on the condition of individual rights protection.
ОБРАЗ РЕВОЛЮЦИИ 1917 ГОДАВ ИСТОРИКО-КУЛЬТУРНОЙ ПАМЯТИ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ
Authors: Моисеев А.Д. , Шурупова А.С. , Шурупова О.С.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена образу событий 1917 г. в историко-культурной памяти современной молодежи. Для исследования особенностей отношения к Февральской и Октябрьской революциям 1917 г. проведено анкетирование студентов липецких вузов.

The article is devoted to the pattern of the events of 1917 in the historical and cultural memory of the young people. In the article the features of the attitude of a modern young person to the February and October revolutions of 1917 are investigated on the basis of a survey of students of Lipetsk universities.
ARS HISTORICAСБОРНИК В ЧЕСТЬ ОЛЕГА ФЕДОРОВИЧА КУДРЯВЦЕВА
Authors: Чернова Л.Н.
Published: December 2024

Рец. на книгу: ARS HISTORICA. Сборник в честь Олега Федоровича Кудрявцева / Сост. и отв. ред. А.К. Гладков. М.; СПб.: Центр гуманитарных инициатив, 2015.

Review: ARS HISTORICA. Сборник в честь Олега Федоровича Кудрявцева / Сост. и отв. ред. А.К. Гладков. М.; СПб.: Центр гуманитарных инициатив, 2015.
РЕЛИГИОЗНАЯ СИТУАЦИЯ В СССР НА СТРАНИЦАХ ГАЗЕТЫ «LA CROIX» (1920–1930-Е ГОДЫ)
Authors: Шмелев Д.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется проблема репрезентации образа СССР во французском католическом общественном мнении. В качестве примера выбрано освещение религиозной политики советской власти газетой «La Croix». Издание является одним из старейших и ведущих среди французской католической прессы. В период между двумя мировыми войнами оно, как правило, следовало в русле стратегии Ватикана, отстаивая традиционные моральные и этические ценности, выступая против коммунизма и тоталитаризма в любой форме, поддерживая политику папы в отношении Советской России. Редакционная позиция, журналистские материалы, подборка фактов призваны были показать читателям политические, социальные, экономические и культурные процессы, происходившие в Советской России. Пристальное и критическое внимание уделялось религиозной политики советской власти, которая освещалась в контексте вопросов преследования верующих и Церкви, воспитания и образования, падения нравов и морального упадка вследствие господства атеизма и материализма. Для этого использовались разного вида жанры – от простых информационных заметок до развернутых журналистских расследований. Несмотря на то, что журналисты газеты никогда не были в СССР, они формировали католическое общественное мнение по данным вопросам. Их статьи создавали определенный образ воображаемой советской действительности, который стал неотъемлемой частью общих представлений о Стране Советов на Западе.

The article analyzes the problem of representation of the image of the USSR in the French Catholic public opinion. As an example, the coverage of the religious policy of the Soviet government by the newspaper “La Croix” is chosen. The publication is one of the oldest and leading among the French Catholic press. In the period between the two world wars, it, as a rule, followed in line with the strategy of the Vatican, defending traditional moral and ethical values, opposing communism and totalitarianism in any form, supporting the pope’s policy towards Soviet Russia. The editorial position, journalistic materials, and a selection of facts were intended to show readers the political, social, economic, and cultural processes that took place in Soviet Russia. Close and critical attention was paid to the religious policy of the Soviet government, which was highlighted in the context of the persecution of believers and the Church, upbringing and education, the decline of morals and moral decline due to the state of atheism and materialism. For this purpose, various genres were used – from simple informational notes to detailed journalistic investigations. Despite the fact that the newspaper’s journalists had never been to the USSR, they formed Catholic public opinion on these issues. Their articles created a certain image of the perceived Soviet reality, which became an integral part of the general ideas about the Soviet Country in the West.
ОТ ВИЗАНТИЙСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ К НОВОЙ РИМСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ: О НОВОЙ КНИГЕ Э. КАЛДЕЛЛИСА
Authors: Никольский И.М.
Published: December 2024

Статья представляет собой критический отзыв на монографию американского византиниста Энтони Калделлиса «Новая Римская империя» (The New Roman Empire). В рецензии оценивается, видоизменилась ли концепция византийской истории, ранее сформулированная исследователем в монографии «Византийская республика», где Византия изображается уникальной правопреемницей античности в средневековом мире, и если да, то как. Формулируются основные черты того образа Византии, который создает Калделлис, предпринимается попытка объяснить его природу и происхождение.

The paper is a critical review of the monograph The New Roman Empire by the American Byzantinist Anthony Kaldellis. The review assesses whether the concept of Byzantine history, previously formulated by the researcher in his monograph The Byzantine Republic, which portrays Byzantium as a unique successor of antiquity in the medieval world, has changed, and how, if so. The main features of the image of Byzantium that Kaldellis creates are formulated, and an attempt is made to explain its nature and origin.
ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИОННЫЙ РЕНЕССАНС И КОГНИТИВИСТИКА
Authors: Ионов И.Н.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется процесс возрождения интереса к цивилизационному подходу в разных областях знания. Особенности вариантов идей предлагается искать во взаимодействии разных моделей мышления. Анализируется двусистемная модель мышления Д. Канемана и А. Тверски, а также теория культурно-генетической коэволюции Дж. Хенрика. Они демонстрируют роль форм мышления, сложившихся в малых традиционных обществах в анализе истории больших и модернизированных обществ (цивилизаций). Раскрывается значение контингентности и мультитемпоральности со-временного этапа модернизации, заставляющих исследователей прибегать к постпарадигмальным, мультиперспективистским подходам (П. Катценштейн, Д.Н. Замятин). Приводятся примеры отличий старых подходов к истории цивилизаций от новых, связанных с цивилизационным ренессансом. Отмечено движение в сторону контингентной истории в социокультурной экономике А.А. Аузана.

The article analyzes the process of reviving interest in the civilizational approach, which has manifested itself in various fields of knowledge. It is proposed to look for the roots of the specificity of the models they propose in the interaction of different models of thinking. The author analyzes the two-system model of thinking of D. Kahneman and A. Tversky, as well as the theory of cultural-genetic co-evolution of J. Henrik. They demonstrate the role of forms of thinking that have developed in small traditional societies in the analysis of the history of large and modernized societies (civilizations). The significance of contingency and multitemporality of the modern stage of modernization is analyzed, forcing researchers to resort to post-paradigmatic, multi-perspective approaches to the history and images of civilizations (P. Katzenstein, D.N. Zamyatin). Examples are given of differences between old and new approaches to the history of civilizations. A movement towards contingent history in the sociocultural economy of A.A. Auzan is shown.
EDITORIAL - Revista Desenvolvimento em Questão (2024)
Authors: Brum Argemiro Luís
Published: December 2024

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O AVANÇO DA IDADE MATERNA COMO UM FATOR DE RISCO PARA O DIABETES MELLITUS GESTACIONAL: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: João Victor Sousa Lopes  , Sousa e Sousa Fabiano , Da Mata Viana Kamila Tuany , Camila Silva e Souza
Published: December 2024

A diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) é o problema metabólico mais comum na gestação, o qual envolve alteração de fatores glicêmicos, associada a fatores ambientais que aumentam o risco para o surgimento da doença. Tendo em vista a relevância desse tema, por meio da revisão integrativa de literatura, nossos objetivos é entender a influência do avanço da idade no desenvolvimento da DMG, abordando suas fisiopatologias, seus fatores de risco, as alterações no metabolismo da glicose com o avançar da idade, bem como suas complicações maternas e no recém-nascido. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas plataformas BVS, SciELO e PubMed e selecionados os artigos no período de 2013 a 2023 considerando os descritores: diabetes gestacional, fatores de risco, distúrbios metabólicos, pré-natal e gestação. Dentre os principais fatores de riscos temos idade acima de 25 anos, antecedentes familiares de DMG, antecedentes pessoais de alterações metabólicas, entre outras. O avançar da idade traz consigo mudanças fisiológicas, definida como senescência, as quais são um fator importante para o desenvolvimento da DMG. Sendo assim, no decorrer da gestação podem surgir algumas complicações para a mãe e para o feto, sendo algumas das maternas: candidíase vaginal, infecção urinária, polidrâmnio. Já no feto podemos ter macrossomia, tocotraumatismo, abortamento, malformações, óbito intrauterino e outras complicações. Portanto, conclui-se que necessita de mais estudos para fornecer diretrizes mais claras para um manejo mais adequado em pacientes que tenha 35 anos ou mais com DMG. Tais avanços podem levar a melhores desfechos para as mães e seus bebês, além de aprimorar as estratégias de atendimento ao paciente em geral.
Effect of Selenium Nanoparticles on Physicochemical Profile and Shelf-Life of Fermented Dairy Drinks
Authors: Blinov Andrey , Evdokimov I. , Lodygin Aleksei , Rekhman Zafar , Serov Alexander
Published: December 2024

The article describes the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles by chemical reduction in an aqueous medium using selenious acid as a precursor, nonionic surfactant Kolliphor HS15 as a stabilizer, and ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. The new acidophilic fermented dairy drink contained a starter based on a pure culture of Lactobacillus acidophilus. It was fortified with selenium nanoparticles at the rate of 30 % of recommended daily intake for adult consumers. The experimental drink had a slightly viscous consistency but tasted and smelled like pure fermented milk. Nanoselenium had no effect on the quality, physicochemical parameters, storage capacity, and sensory profile of the experimental fermented dairy drink. The changes in titratable and active acidity were studied during storage by potentiometric and titrimetric methods, respectively. The active acidity of the medium and the titratable acidity at the end of shelf-life corresponded to State Standard GOST 32923-2014 for fermented milk products fortified with probiotic microorganisms. The method of microscopy made it possible to study the effect of selenium nanoparticles stabilized by Kolliphor HS15 on the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Nanoselenium stimulated the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus: the experimental fermented dairy drink demonstrated a significant increase in lactic acid bacterial count compared to the control sample.
Cheese Spoilage by Yeast: Smears on Cheese Surface
Authors: Sviridenko Galina , Zakharova M. , Volkova Evgeniya
Published: December 2024

Surface spoilage deteriorates the quality of cheese and may lead to product rejection. Red, yellow, and orange smears are associated with pigment-forming yeasts that produce carotenoids. Yeast enters cheese either with milk and brine, or from contaminated production environment. Production conditions, e.g., ripening or storage temperature, do not prevent yeast development and pigment formation. This research featured ripe soft and semi-hard cheeses produced in Mordovia, Krasnodar, Altai Region, and Moscow Region. All samples had surface defects, i.e., red and reddish-brown smears. The authors used standard methods of microbiological analysis to study the microflora from the colored areas in order to determine the microbiological defect risks and identify the pigment-forming microorganisms. Yeast proved to be the predominating microflora. Its development during ripening caused the formation of red and reddish-brown smears on soft and semi-hard cheeses. The coloration was usually light-induced and occurred during low-temperature ripening and storage.
Open Diffuse Regional Agglomerations: Strategic Potential and Strategizing
Authors: Seredyuk Ilya
Published: December 2024

aches to agglomeration development often fail to meet the principles and rules of strategizing. The article describes the open diffuse agglomeration as a new approach that complies with the general theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing: it is innovative, asymmetric, and competitive in terms of time factor. The research relied on the system-structural approach and the theories of dirigisme and spatial diffusion of innovations. The author appealed to the general theory of strategy and the methodology of strategizing developed by Professor V. L. Kvint. An open agglomeration means that it covers all or most settlements in the region. As a result, the entire region is integrated into one or several agglomerations. This approach engages all municipalities into the agglomeration process, thus preventing spatial inequality. In addition, it structures the processes of strategic and tactical management, settling, migration, housing construction, and infrastructural development. A diffuse agglomeration means that it uses the mechanisms of active internal interaction to spread positive growth impulses from the center to the periphery, i.e., diffusion of innovations, demand, business activity, etc. The strategizing of an open diffuse agglomeration requires a preliminary assessment stage. The analysis of values and interests provides a relevant set of forecasts to scan the windows of opportunity of the external environment.