bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Taro (Colocasia esculenta) Starch-Hydrocolloids Mixture on the Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Leavened Bread
Authors: Feroz Alam  , Anjum Nawab  , Tanveer Abbas  , Mohib Kazimi  , Abid Hasnain
Published: February 2015

During this study, different blends of taro starch-hydrocolloid were incorporated in yeast leavened bread and their effects were investigated. The specific volume, moisture content and slice shape of the bread were found to be improved by the addition of taro starch-guar gum blend. Taro starch-xanthan gum mixture was also found to be a good additive to improve specific volume, slice shape, crumb softness as well as sensory characteristics of bread. The study reveals taro starch-hydrocolloid blend can be utilized as a novel ingredient to improve the physical and sensory characteristics of leavened bread.
In Vitro Activity of Cocoa Powder Extracts on Some Biomarkers Implicated in P. falciparum Malaria Pathogenesis
Authors: Seth Kwabena Amponsah  , Nana Nim Dwumfour
Published: February 2015

Malaria is a public health concern in many developing countries, including Ghana, and efforts are being made to eradicate it. Extracts from natural products have been used in several malaria endemic areas for malaria prophylaxis and treatment. Natural cocoa powder has been reported to possess in vitro direct inhibitory on P. falciparum. This study investigated the effect of natural cocoa powder on inducible nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-10, biomarkers that play different roles in malaria pathogenesis. Chloroform and ethylacetate fractions of cocoa powder were cultured together with phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for 24 hours at 37°C with 5% CO2. Cell free supernatants were harvested and assayed for iNO, TNF-α and IL-10. Inducible NO was determined by diazotization reaction developed by Griess. TNF-α and IL-10 were determined by ELISA. This study showed that TNF-α and iNO in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated PBMCs were significantly reduced by cocoa fractions (p < 0.05), but IL-10 levels did not change significantly (p > 0.05), although TNF-α is known to up-regulate IL-10.Apart from the documented direct inhibitory effect of cocoa powder on P. falciparum, it can be hypothesized that the antiplasmodial activity of unsweetened cocoa powder could also be due to its ability to significantly inhibit iNO and TNF-α, inflammatory substances implicated in severe malaria pathogenesis.
Impact Evaluation of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation and Physical Activity on Bone Health Status of Elderly Population of Urban Vadodara
Authors: Annapurna Maity  , Komal Chauhan  , Nishita Panwar  , Pooja Mistry
Published: February 2015

Background: Osteoporosis is a global public health problem affecting the ageing population and influenced by poor nutrition, lack of physical activities, and absence of supplementation on time.Objectives: To study the impact of Calcium and vitamin D supplementation along with weight bearing exercises on bone health status of elderly.Methods:30 elderly males and 20 elderly females having poor BMD and poor serum vitamin D were supplemented with 1000 mg calcium and 500 IU vitamin D/ day along with weight bearing exercises for a period of 3 months, along with that 60000 IU vitamin D3/week for 2 months were given to 30 males only. Serum calcium, Vitamin D, BMD, dietary calcium intake, frequency of vitamin D rich food intake, anthropometry etc. were measured at the baseline as well as after the intervention.Results: Mean BMD T-scores (-1.1 to -2.5: osteopenia; >-2.5: osteoporosis) of the elderly males and females were significantly (p?0.001) decreased after the intervention depicting improvement (baseline:-2.34±0.50, final:-1.86±0.61). 26.7% reduction in osteoporotic cases among males and 50 % among women was achieved. Mean serum calcium (baseline: 9.38±0.63, final: 9.46±0.61) and vitamin D level (baseline: 23.76±13.17, final: 35.48±14.84) was increased significantly (p?0.05). 60% males and 70% females achieved vitamin D sufficiency level after the intervention. Mean physical endurance (Grip strength, standing balance, walking speed and rise from chair) scores were significantly increased in both males and females. Locomotor problems were reduced among 6.7% males and 40% females after regular weight bearing exercise and supplementation.Conclusion:Calcium and vitamin D supplementation with daily weight bearing exercise has a preventive and curative effect on BMD and it maintains the serum calcium and vitamin D levels. Long term and high dose supplementation needs further investigation.
Bioactive Metabolites from Indigenous Actinomycetes Isolated from Marine Water
Authors: Syed Abdus Subhan  , Abdul Wahab  , Talat Yasmeen Mujahid  , Tanveer Abbas  , Nayyar Mehmood  , Iqra Ahmed
Published: February 2015

Microbial natural products have continued to play an important role in the discovery of novel chemicals for the development of important therapeutic agents. Actinomycetes form a potent reservoir of biologically active secondary metabolites and enzymes. The need for finding novel bioactive compounds for the development of new therapeutic agents is required due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria. Actinomycetes are considered as one of the best producers of variety of antagonistic compounds that could serve as potential chemotherapeutic agents. The present study was undertaken to find new antagonistic compounds from actinomycetes. Actinomycetes were successfully isolated from marine water samples collected at various locations of Karachi. Initially 39 isolates were collected out of which 23 were found to produce active metabolites against one or more test bacterial cultures. Actinomycetes strains IS26, IS33, and IS39 showed significant potential of having bioactive metabolites. Further, the spectrum of those strains was tested against gram positive and gram negative bacteria and results showed variable potential of actinomycetes to inhibit bacterial growth.
Survival Functions in the Presence of Several Events and Competing Risks: Estimation and Interpretation Beyond Kaplan-Meier
Authors: Boracchi Patrizia , Orenti Annalisa
Published: February 2015

Evaluation of a therapeutic strategy is complex when the course of a disease is characterized by the occurrence of different kinds of events. Competing risks arise when the occurrence of specific events prevents the observation of other events. A particular case is semi-competing risks when only fatal events can prevent the observation of the non fatal ones.
Kaplan-Meier is the most popular method to estimate overall or event free survival. On the other hand when a subset of events is considered and net survival is of concern, different estimators have been proposed. Kaplan-Meier method can be used only under the independence assumptions otherwise estimators based on multivariate distribution of times are needed. If causes of death are unknown, relative survival can approximate net survival only under specific assumptions on the mortality pattern.
Kaplan-Meier method cannot be used to estimate crude cumulative incidence of specific events.
The aim of this work is to present the survival functions used in competing risks framework, their non parametric estimators and semi parametric estimators for net survival based on Archimedean Copulas. This would be a help for the reader who is not experienced in competing risks analysis.
A simulation study is performed to evaluate performances of net survival estimators. To illustrate survival functions in presence of different causes of death and of different kind of events a numerical example is given, a literature dataset on prostate cancer and a case series of breast cancer patients have been analysed.
A Study of Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in a Primary Oncology Clinic in Benghazi-Libya
Authors: Khaial Fatma Ben , Bodalal Zuhir , Elramli Amal , Elkhwsky Fayek , Eltaguri Adel , Bendardaf Riyad
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Libya is a North African country classified under the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office. In response to the general paucity of literature regarding cancer in Libya, this study aims to analyze various risk factors for breast cancer among patients in Benghazi, Libya.
Material and Methods: Using records from a major primary oncology clinic, data was gathered from breast cancer patients. A total of 301 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer in the study period. For the purpose of risk factor determination, this hospital-based case control study consisted of 212 recently diagnosed cases of breast cancer attending the oncology clinic at Al-Jamhouria hospital in Benghazi. Age matched controls (n=219) were randomly enrolled from other medical departments of Al-Jamhouria hospital and the general population visiting the hospital. Chi square was used to assess significance of the risk factors and the corresponding odds ratio (O.R.) and 95% CI were calculated to assess the magnitude of associations.
Results: A total of 1478 cases presented to the gynecological oncology clinic at Al-Jamhouria hospital during the period of 2007-2008. Of these cases, around 20% (n=301) were breast cancer patients. The average age of presentation was 49 years + S.D 13 years, with most of the cases (61%, n=184) being premenopausal. Over 90% (n=273) of breast cancer patients are diagnosed at stage II or later. More than 16% of cases seek medical attention when the malignancy has already reached stage IV. Diabetes, hypertension and family history of other malignancies were found to significantly increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
Discussions: A range of socioeconomic risk factors were also analyzed (i.e. parity, breastfeeding etc…) and some were found to be protective. Libyan breast cancer cases are slightly older compared to the rest of the Arab world, but are younger than their counterparts in the West. The major issue in the Libyan scenario is delayed presentation which significantly worsens the prognosis. Hence, all the recommendations focus on increased awareness, the implementation of a national cancer control plan and a national screening program and training healthcare professions in palliative care
EFEITOS DA PRECIPITAÇÃO NA EROSÃO DO SOLO EM AMBIENTE DE MATA CILIAR AS MARGENS DO CANAL FLUVIAL DA SUB-BACIA DO RIACHO DO MEIO, COREAÚ (CE)
Authors: Sobrinho José Falcão
Published: February 2015

Em função da ausência de pesquisas sobre os efeitos da mata ciliar e sedimentação do canal fluvial em áreas degradadas de microbacias em ambiente semiárido, objetiva a presente pesquisa: a) quantificar a sedimentação no canal fluvial em áreas degradadas de microbacias no semiárido e b) quantificar o processo erosivo em áreas degradadas de microbacias. Para fins de análise, optou-se pela Bacia hidrográfica do rio Coreaú, no município de Coreaú (CE), na Sub-bacia do Meio.
A REDE DE CIDADES DO ESPÍRITO SANTO: POLARIZAÇÃO E DESAFIOS PARA POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Grassi Robson , Ruiz Ricardo , Afonso Marco , Domingues Edson , Santos Fabiana
Published: February 2015

Este artigo avalia a rede de cidades atual do Estado do Espírito Santo, mostrando sua rigidez e polarização. Examina uma carteira de investimentos e seus possíveis impactos na organização territorial do Estado. A avaliação é que a carteira está ainda muito concentrada na Grande Vitória, mas importantes investimentos começam a se espalhar pelo litoral (tanto ao norte como ao sul), o que abre a possibilidade de atuação de políticas públicas para fortalecimento de polos regionais alternativos e melhor distribuídos pelo território capixaba. Esta política, para ser mais efetiva, deveria também focar na mudança no perfil dos investimentos no Estado, ainda concentrados essencialmente na produção de commodities.
APLICAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE VEGETAÇÃO POR DIFERENÇA NORMALIZADA NO MONITORAMENTO DOS MANGUEZAIS: LITORAL SUL DE PERNAMBUCO – BRASIL
Authors: Vila Nova Fátima Verônica Pereira , Torres Maria Fernanda Abrantes , Coelho Mariana Pêssoa , Santana Neiva Marion Guimarães de
Published: February 2015

Análises espaço temporais com a utilização de imagens de satélites e fotografias aéreas detectam prováveis alterações ocorridas em áreas com vegetação. O Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NVDI) fornece informações a partir de medidas espectrais para avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa de fatores diretamente relacionados com a cobertura vegetal, como biomassa e dinâmica entre solo e vegetação. Os sítios de sistemas ecológicos como manguezais, restingas, dunas e ilhas, podem ser avaliados e monitorados a partir das modificações na cobertura vegetal que funciona como um manto protetor dos recursos naturais, e por essa razão, sua distribuição e densidade definem o estado de conservação do ambiente. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a eficácia do NVDI como ferramenta de monitoramento dos manguezais dos estuários da Bacia do Pina, de Barra das Jangadas e de Ipojuca,  no litoral sul de Pernambuco, Brasil, a fim de subsidiar estratégias de conservação. Com o uso do NDVI observou-se que as áreas colonizadas pelos mangues na Bacia do Pina, na imagem de 1989, foram substituídas pela área urbana e/ou solo exposto no imageamento de 1990 e 2010. A vegetação do manguezal remanescente adensou no mesmo período, indicando a resiliência típica do ecossistema. O fragmento tornou-se ligeiramente quadrado, o que pode potencializar o efeito de borda. Na Barra das Jangadas, o manguezal distribuído ao longo dos rios Pirapama e Jaboatão foi suprimido, principalmente nas margens e extensões próximas ao rio Jaboatão. Ressalta-se a diminuição de vegetação esparsa, principalmente nos períodos de 1989 e 1999, além do aumento do solo exposto e área urbana entre 1989 e 2010 e a recomposição da vegetação densa na última década na face interna do estuário. Constatou-se o mesmo processo de substituição da vegetação densa (mangues) pelas áreas urbanas e/ou solo exposto nos estuários do município de Ipojuca. As transformações no período analisado constituem a resposta espacial às mudanças econômicas que vêm ocorrendo na região e que têm colocado em risco o equilíbrio ambiental local. Assim, o uso do NDVI como ferramenta de monitoramento dos manguezais se mostrou eficaz pelo fato de permitir o acompanhamento de modificações estruturais nas áreas estudadas. Transformações que revelam aspectos importantes das condições ambientais, como o aumento da área urbana, a fragmentação dos remanescentes, a forma como esse se apresenta, informações úteis que podem subsidiar estratégias de conservação.
Análise Dos Impactos Ambientais Da Agricultura Irrigada No Perímetro Irrigado De Pau Dos Ferros (Rn)
Authors: Almeida José Jobson Garcia de , Costa Franklin Roberto
Published: February 2015

O Governo Federal implantou perímetros irrigados no Brasil visando amenizar problemas da seca e pobreza no Nordeste. No final da década de 1970, implantou-se um perímetro irrigado no município de Pau dos Ferros (RN). Obteve-se referências bibliográficas sobre o tema, visitas in loco e entrevistas com produtores do perímetro. Observou-se a presença de impactos negativos na área, tais como desperdício, contaminação e salinização da água, compactação e erosão do solo, desmatamento causado pela retirada da vegetação nativa para a implantação das culturas, consumo elevado de energia e problemas de saúde pública.
As Características Do Clima De Dourados/Ms E Adjacências A Partir Da Série Histórica De 1980 A 2009
Authors: Schneider Heverton , Silva Charlei Aparecido da
Published: February 2015

O estudo das características climáticas apresenta-se de grande importância, ocupando uma posição central no amplo campo da ciência ambiental, havendo destaque em estudos de Geografia Física. Para o desenvolvimento do presente artigo buscaram-se fundamentos da Climatologia Geográfica os quais permitiram uma explicação mais apropriada aos interesses da Geografia, levando em consideração as combinações e evidenciando-se ao mesmo tempo a importância do rítmo, o que para a Climatologia Geográfica destaca-se facilitando a compreensão da dinâmica climática de uma área. Frente aos objetivos foram selecionados cinco parâmetros meteorológicos: temperatura média (Tméd), temperatura máxima (Tmáx), temperatura mínima (Tmín), umidade relativa do ar (UR) e precipitação (mm). A escolha desses parâmetros se deu por melhor explicar e consolidar o tema proposto, visto que o entendimento sobre o estudo do clima deve-se elencar esses parâmetros meteorológicos para se atribuir uma melhor explicação sobre o tema. Nesse ínterim o artigo visou discutir as características do clima de Dourados/MS e suas adjacências no âmbito da série histórica de 30 anos focando o comportamento rítmico do clima no período de 1980 a 2009.
Paisagens Simbólicas: Catolicismo Popular E O Mito Das “Bandeiras Verdes” Na Romaria Do Senhor Do Bonfim Em Araguacema, Tocantins
Authors: Carvalho José Rodrigues
Published: February 2015

Resumo O presente texto pretende mostrar a relação entre a religião e a paisagem, tendo como referencial o mito das “Bandeiras Verdes” no imaginário do catolicismo popular, que criou e mantém a Romaria do Senhor do Bonfim, em Araguacema, Tocantins. Buscamos discutir o tema religião e paisagem a partir de dados obtidos em trabalho de campo na perspectiva da geografia humanista cultural. A paisagem da Romaria comporta um conjunto de símbolos que representam o universo de significados do catolicismo popular, num jogo que estabelece relações entre o espaço vivido e a memória, onde as imagens tomam o lugar das percepções diretas. Palavras-chave: Paisagem simbólica; espaço sagrado; catolicismo popular.
Comparação com a cartografia atual, ao nível da orografia, hidrografia, definição da costa e povoamento, de dois Mapas do Geografo Robert de Vaugondy relativos ao Reino de Portugal do Século XVIII (1751)
Authors: Neves dos Santos Marco Pais
Published: February 2015

No artigo “Estudo de dois Mapas do Geografo Robert de Vaugondy relativos ao Reino de Portugal do Século XVIII (1751) ”, publicado na Revista Semina: Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Vol. 34, n.º 1, 2013, tentámos propor uma explicação para as divisões administrativas cartografadas, nesses mapas, através do estudo de várias obras do período em referência, e de obras conexas, e concluímos que o mais consentâneo com a lógica era representarem divisões eclesiásticas. Neste artigo, damos profundidade a esse trabalho através da comparação desses mapas com a cartografia atual, ao nível da orografia, hidrografia, definição da costa e povoamento. Apesar dos erros detetados, concluímos que o trabalho de Vaugondy, ao nível do conhecimento e representação da geografia de Portugal, é o melhor possível para a época, e reafirmamos a ideia de que estes dois mapas representam divisões eclesiásticas.
MANOEL DE BARROS: POESIA INTERCESSORA DE GEOGRAFIAS MENORES EM VÍDEO / Manoel de Barros: Intercessory poetry of smaller geographies in video
Authors: Belleza Eduardo Oliveira
Published: February 2015

A noção de criação, por entendimento da filosofia de Deleuze e Guattari - como algo que age com/sobre o mundo, demodo a promover alguma diferença - nos empurra a movimentar um conceito específico que tem se debruçado acerca dopensamento espacial na contemporaneidade. Nosso exercício aqui é pensar junto com o conceito de geografias menores2e algumas imagens produzidas por jovens moradores de um bairro, localizado na periferia da cidade de Campinas – SP,em uma oficina de produção de vídeos, onde se utilizou a poética de Manoel de Barros para inventar outras maneiras degrafar o espaço de moradia dos participantes. Entendemos que este conceito nos ajuda a enfrentar alguns problemas epropor outros sentidos/pensamentos para a linguagem do vídeo, sobretudo, deslocando a imagem como representaçãoe do espacial como passível de ser representado.
APROXIMAÇÕES ENTRE CINEMA E GEOGRAFIA PARA PENSAR A QUESTÃO AMBIENTAL: UMA ANÁLISE GEOGRÁFICA DO FILME “O JARDINEIRO FIEL” / Approaches between cinema and geography to think the environmental issue: a geographical analysis of the movie “The constant garde
Authors: Pimenta Thiago Albano
Published: February 2015

Este trabalho versa sobre possibilidades de aproximações entre linguagem científica e linguagem cinematográfica. AGeografia enquanto disciplina que contempla vários saberes pode ser um dos elos para estas aproximações, entendendoque é cada vez mais necessário ampliarmos as formas de fazer e pensar a ciência, trazendo práticas e experiências que ocotidiano nos apresenta. Assim podemos pensar a análise geográfica do cinema, como uma das formas de diálogo entreciência e práticas culturais que expressam a multiplicidade do espaço geográfico.
DESNARRATIVAS: OFICINA / Desnarrativas: workshop
Authors: Marques Ivânia
Published: February 2015

Relato de uma oficina realizada com professores. Um encontro com diálogos, imagens e possibilidades de desconstruçãoem múltiplas direções. Possibilita pôr em debate estudos a favor das imagens. Imagens carregadas de clichês e que searriscam a romper com o caráter documental/real da fotografia. Leva a pensar na não neutralidade de uma imagem ecomo o lugar é hegemonicamente imposto. Rompe com forças bloqueadoras em uma experimentação lúdica. A experimentaçãose prolonga em composições com fotografias, monotipias, diferentes maneiras de perceber o lugar, diálogos,trocas, poemas e arte.
ENTRE IMAGENS / Between images
Authors: Marques Ivânia , Sgobin Alexsandro
Published: February 2015

Neste artigo trazemos um convite aos leitores de entrar em relação com o espaço através da produção de imagens. Umdiálogo entre imagens realizadas em dois momentos: primeiro a partir de imagens que receberam transformações emmeio digital, sendo então utilizadas em aulas de Geografia do ensino fundamental em escolas públicas de Campinas e osegundo com imagens realizadas no ensino médio de uma escola pública de Americana. Imagens com câmeras “pinhole”- construídas artesanalmente.Que viagens foram e são possíveis com estas imagens? Que rasuras, que rizomas foram convidados e efetivamente surgiram,e se não o fizeram, por quais motivos a potência não se efetivou?
TATUAGENS GEOGRÁFICAS / Geographical Tatoos
Authors: Cazetta Valeria
Published: February 2015

Abordo neste texto mapas tatuados em corpos. Meu interesse ao estudar a corporeidade insere-se em um projeto maisamplo intitulado Geografias e(m) Corpos. Há várias pesquisas publicadas sobre tatuagens, mas nenhuma, em especial,sobre mapas tatuados. No entanto alguns destes trabalhos me interessaram, pois apresentam discussões importantesna contemporaneidade acerca da body modification que me auxiliaram situar as modificações corporais mais no âmbitoda cultura do que da natureza. Neste momento, debrucei-me nas imagens das tatuagens geográficas disponibilizadasem vários sítios da internet.
PERCURSOS POÉTICOS E POÉTICAS GEOGRÁFICAS EM VIAJO PORQUE PRECISO, VOLTO PORQUE TE AMO / Poetic traveling and poetic geographies in Viajo porque preciso, volto porque te amo
Authors: Da Costa Maria
Published: February 2015

Esse artigo resulta de uma reflexão sobre a construção poética do espaço geográfico a partir da análise da representaçãofílmica do percurso do protagonista do filme Viajo Porque Preciso, Volto Porque Te Amo (Marcelo Gomes e Karim Aïnouz,2009) pela região Nordeste do Brasil. Central para a reflexão é a noção de “poética” que, no caso, toma forma e exerceum papel fundamental no contexto da construção imagética e narrativa do espaço geográfico fílmico, construindo culturalmenteo imaginário coletivo relacionado a ambos os espaços, o real e o representacional.
Symbols, Self-Interest and Labour Policy Attitudes: Evidence from Saskatchewan
Authors: Berdahl Loleen , White Stephen , McGrane David , Atkinson Michael M.
Published: February 2015

Unions in many Canadian jurisdictions are facing policy changes that limit (or attempt to limit) their practices. Despite growing pressure on unions as governments restructure labour policies, there is scant research examining public attitudes towards either unions or labour policies. To what extent does the general public support or oppose these changes to labour policy? What factors drive public opinion about labour policy changes?

This paper uses data from a telephone survey administered after the 2011 Saskatchewan provincial election to explore public attitudes towards labour policy change; specifically, we explore public opinion regarding Saskatchewan essential services legislation and accompanying changes to labour standards. We are particularly interested in the role that symbolic political factors (attitudes towards unions, NDP partisanship), as opposed to self-interest (union membership), play in structuring public opinion when it comes to labour policy. We find that union membership has no discernible impact on attitudes toward the essential services law; what matters much more is one’s attitude toward unions in general, as well as NDP partisanship. However, union membership does influence attitudes towards labour standards, as do attitudes towards unions and NDP partisanship.

Taken together, the results tell us that labour policy attitudes are indeed driven by both self-interest and symbolic political factors. Further, while self-interest does help to explain attitudes towards labour policy, not all union members consider essential services legislation as a direct threat to themselves. The strategic implication for public sector unions is that they cannot necessarily rely on private sector workers and union members to be sympathetic to legislation that affects public sector workplaces. For the Canadian labour movement as a whole, this finding points towards a divergence in the interests of its private sector members and public sector members, and clear limits to worker solidarity.
Justice organisationnelle, reconnaissance au travail et motivation intrinsèque : résultats d’une étude empirique
Authors: Fall Amar
Published: February 2015

Les questions de justice et d’équité dans le management demeurent une préoccupation majeure pour les salariés (Ambrose et Schminke, 2003). Pourtant, en gestion des ressources humaines, l’influence des perceptions de justice organisationnelle sur la motivation intrinsèque au travail, n’a suscité que très peu de recherches (Grenieret al., 2010). Cet article propose justement, d’analyser l’effet différencié des quatre dimensions de la justice organisationnelle sur cette forme de motivation au travail. Il propose aussi de mettre en évidence le rôle de la reconnaissance de la part des supérieurs hiérarchiques dans l’étude de la motivation intrinsèque, mais aussi d’analyser la relation entre la justice et la reconnaissance. Ainsi, le cadre théorique mobilisé dans cette recherche repose sur les apports de la théorie de l’autodétermination (Deci et Ryan, 1985), ceux de la théorie de la justice organisationnelle (Greenberg, 1987) et la littérature sur la reconnaissance (Brun et Dugas, 2002).

Pour ce faire, un rappel des fondements théoriques permettant d’établir les liens existant entre ces variables a d’abord été réalisé, afin de montrer comment la justice organisationnelle et la reconnaissance de la part des supérieurs hiérarchiques peuvent favoriser la motivation intrinsèque au travail. Ensuite, des analyses de régressions multiples ont permis de présenter les résultats de l’étude empirique réalisée sur une population de 787 salariés venant de divers secteurs d’activités. Fondée ainsi uniquement sur une enquête par questionnaire, cette étude a permis d’analyser les liens qui pouvaient s’opérer entre ces trois concepts. Il s’avère que la perception de justice organisationnelle, notamment dans la distribution des ressources de l’organisation, dans les relations interpersonnelles et dans les informations communiquées, peut avoir une influence positive sur la motivation intrinsèque au travail. Cet impact de la justice organisationnelle sur la motivation intrinsèque au travail peut aussi être fortement renforcé par la reconnaissance de la part des supérieurs hiérarchiques.
La violence physique au travail et la santé : le droit québécois régissant l’indemnisation et la prévention
Authors: Lippel Katherine , Lanctôt Nathalie
Published: February 2015

Cet article examine le droit de la santé et de la sécurité du travail appliqué aux situations de violence physique au travail au Québec. Après une mise en contexte qui fait appel à la littérature des sciences sociales et sciences de la santé pour déterminer les enjeux importants au niveau de la prévention des conséquences pour la santé des personnes exposées à la violence physique au travail, l’article fait appel à la méthodologie juridique classique pour tracer le portrait du droit québécois d’indemnisation et de prévention. Cette analyse permet de déterminer si les régimes de santé et sécurité du Québec en matière d’indemnisation et de prévention incitent les employeurs à assurer une prévention primaire, secondaire et tertiaire. La première partie de l’article fait appel à la littérature portant sur les différentes formes que peut prendre la violence au travail afin de mettre en contexte la violence physique. Ensuite, on y documente les conséquences potentielles des agressions physiques au travail, en soulignant l’importance de la prévention primaire, secondaire et tertiaire. La seconde partie examine le droit québécois régissant l’indemnisation des victimes de violence physique au travail ainsi que la prévention des lésions professionnelles. Nous identifions les critères de reconnaissance des lésions professionnelles attribuables à la violence au travail, en nous attardant au fardeau de preuve et en constatant les défis spécifiques à la reconnaissance des lésions psychologiques par rapport aux lésions physiques. En deuxième lieu, nous examinons la Loi sur la santé et la sécurité du travail ainsi que les incitatifs de prévention prévus dans la Loi sur les accidents du travail et les maladies professionnelles. Ainsi, nous examinons la jurisprudence relative aux demandes d’externalisation des coûts reliés aux lésions professionnelles attribuables à la violence physique. Cette analyse nous permet de constater que l’interprétation par les tribunaux administratifs de certaines règles de droit encadrant le financement du régime d’indemnisation, ajoutées à l’interdiction des poursuites civiles, a pour effet de minimiser les incitations économiques à la prévention qui avaient été prévues par le législateur lors de l’adoption de la Loi. Nous concluons en soulignant l’importance d’assurer une incitation économique à la prévention primaire, secondaire et tertiaire, ce qui pourrait être atteint par une application plus raffinée des règles de droit relatives au financement du régime.
Revisiting the Career Anchor Model: A Proposition and an Empirical Investigation of a New Model of Career Value Structure
Authors: Wils Thierry , Wils Laura , Tremblay Michel
Published: February 2015

This study proposes an original model of career values organized in a circular logic. The new career value structure consists of four quadrants opposed in pairs (bureaucratic self-concept versus protean self-concept, and careerist self-concept versus social self-concept). Contrary to Schein’s model, which rests on the dominance of a single career anchor, our model organizes career anchors according to attraction and repulsion, which may explain the existence of several dominant anchors.

Based on a sample of 240 employees and 155 managers in the healthcare sector, a new instrument to measure career values was validated. Four quadrants emerged from the multidimensional analysis. Hypotheses regarding the links between quadrants of career values and career anchors were largely supported by multiple regression analysis. Notably, the managerial career anchor is significantly linked to the careerist self-concept, whereas the service anchor is significantly associated with the social self-concept. The study also affirmed hypotheses linking the quadrants to other variables like collectivism and proactive behaviors. Accordingly, collectivism is significantly linked to the social self-concept, whereas proactive behaviors are connected to the protean self-concept. Not only was the structure model verified empirically, but the construct validity of the new instrument was also demonstrated. This study also clarifies several problems related to career anchors, such as career anchor structures or ambiguity inherent in some career anchor measurement indicators.
Documents of Performance
Authors: Norwood Janice
Published: February 2015

Documentary evidence about the financial terms under which nineteenth-century dramatists produced their work is generally available only in piecemeal records that have survived by happenstance. This volume of agreements is therefore significant as it charts more than six hundred agreements made between individual playwrights and the management of one East End theatre, the Britannia, over a period of forty years. The article not only explains its provenance and the nature of the transactions contained within it, but also indicates how supplementary annotations in the Assignments Book reveal how it functioned as a working document.
Challenging Space and Time: Popular Theatregoing and the Anxieties of Modernity
Authors: Emeljanow Victor
Published: February 2015

This article raises some questions and issues about the ways in which popular theatregoing was affected in the period 1880–1914 by changes in work and leisure habits brought about by the technological advances of modernity. Among these changes the most significant, of course, was the advent of the cinema. Did the medium create a new audience or did it wean away the existing theatre spectators, perhaps disaffected by the escalating costs of theatregoing or the erosion of a sense of identification between space and spectator? The question of identity is central to any such discussion: it is the search for identity and value which preoccupied theatre and cinema managers and equally the audiences they hoped to attract in the period to World War 1.
An Interactional Perspective on Interpreting as Mediation
Authors: Claudio Baraldi
Published: February 2015

The importance of mediation in dialogue interpreting has been highlighted in a number of recent studies. Franz Pöchhacker has outlined three analytical dimensions to look at interpreting as mediation: (1) linguistic/cultural mediation, including intercultural mediation, is basically a synonym for interpreting; (2) cognitive mediation explains the subjectivity of interpreters; (3) contractual mediation involves facilitation of communication, conflict management and power relations. Pöchhacker advocates a distinction between the cognitive and the linguistic/cultural dimensions of mediation on the one hand, and the dimension of contractual mediation on the other. Empirical analysis of interpreter-mediated interaction can be used as the starting point for understanding the complexity of interpreting as mediation. The analysis of interpreter-mediated interactions in Italian healthcare services evidences: (1) the complex nature of linguistic (or language) mediation; (2) the relationship between language mediation and its cultural forms and contexts; (3) the relationship between language mediation and intercultural mediation; (4) the meaning of language mediation as facilitation of communication; (5) the limitations of interpreting as mediation. This analysis can have important implications for the achievement of higher levels of professionalism in interpreting.
Extension du domaine de la médiation
Authors: Daniel Coste  , Marisa Cavalli
Published: February 2015

This paper presents some aspects of a study in progress for the Language Policy Unit of the Council of Europe. It is an outline of the attempt to include the general model of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), published in 2001, within a broader and updated notional apparatus. This tentative reframing rests on the notions of otherness, mobility and community and assigns a central position to mediation as a means of action, especially in the field of education. Attention is given to the relationship between mediation and mobility, not only because of their semantic proximity, but also because mobility plays a major part in the dynamics of the general model, making mediation activities all the more important in that sector. A distinction is established between cognitive mediation and relational mediation, as performed by social agents and groups, as well as by institutions.
Negotiating Renditions in and through Talk: Some Notes on the Contribution of Conversation Analysis to the Study of Interpreter-mediated Interaction
Authors: Laura Gavioli
Published: February 2015

Conversation Analysis has shown that the system of turn-taking results in the construction of meaningful actions in conversation. Turns are not independent units; they both project new contributions and display reactions to previous ones. Contributions to talk are thus the result of complex mechanisms of negotiation and make sense in reference to each other. Davidson (2002) shows that the common difficulty in conversing through an interpreter consists in establishing reciprocity of understanding between the primary interlocutors and suggests that models need to be developed that take into account the necessity of constructing reciprocal understanding. On the basis of an analysis of audio-recorded and transcribed interpreter-mediated interactions in healthcare, this paper shows that interpreters’ contributions are not free from the conversational system of turn-taking. Rather, the meaning of interpreters’ actions (renditions or non-renditions) is achieved locally, in the turn-taking system and in reference to the goals that are interactionally established in and through the sequences.
Mediatori e mediati: riflessioni sugli italianismi di moda in francese, inglese e tedesco
Authors: Giuseppe Sergio
Published: February 2015

This article focuses on lexical Italianisms in the semantic domain of fashion, a specific case within the broader phenomenon of language contact, and investigates it in French, English and German. On the basis of available data, it looks at the formal aspects of Italianisms and investigates the cultural factors that have led to interference and mediation, reflecting on how interlinguistic contact can be seen as determined by extra-linguistic factors of a cultural, social, political and economic nature. This will contribute to highlighting the role historically played by Italian and, above all, French in the language of fashion; it will also show that more recently the need to make recourse to borrowings and calques, resulting from interference and mediation, has been neutralized under the influence of the deterritorialisation of fashion and its language as a result of global Anglicisation.
Laboratory measurements of cryogenic liquid alkane microwave absorptivity and implications for the composition of Ligeia Mare, Titan
Authors: Mitchell Karl L. , Barmatz Martin B. , Jamieson Corey S. , Lorenz Ralph D. , Lunine Jonathan I.
Published: February 2015

The complex dielectric constants of liquids methane and ethane were measured at 90 K and 14.1 GHz, close to the frequency of the Cassini RADAR. The liquid ethane loss tangent is far greater than that of liquid methane, facilitating discrimination by remote sensing. The results suggest a methane‐dominated composition for the northern sea, Ligeia Mare, on the basis of a recent loss tangent determination using Cassini RADAR altimetry. This contrasts a previous far higher loss tangent for the southern lake, Ontario Lacus, which is inconsistent with simple mixtures of methane and ethane. The apparent nonequilibrium methane‐to‐ethane ratio of Ligeia Mare can be explained by poor admixture of periodically cycled methane with a deeper ethane‐rich alkanofer system, consistent with obliquity‐driven volatile cycling, sequestration of ethane from the hydrocarbon cycle by incorporation into crustal clathrate hydrates, or periodic flushing of Ligeia Mare into adjacent Kraken Mare by fresh rainfall.
Long‐term explosive degassing and debris flow activity at West Mata submarine volcano
Authors: Dziak R. P. , Bohnenstiehl D. R. , Baker E. T , Matsumoto H. , Caplan‐Auerbach J. , Embley R. W. , Merle S. G. , Walker S. L. , Lau T.‐K. , Chadwick W. W.
Published: February 2015

West Mata is a 1200 m deep submarine volcano where explosive boninite eruptions were observed in 2009. The acoustic signatures from the volcano's summit eruptive vents Hades and Prometheus were recorded with an in situ (~25 m range) hydrophone during ROV dives in May 2009 and with local (~5 km range) moored hydrophones between December 2009 and August 2011. The sensors recorded low frequency (1–40 Hz), short duration explosions consistent with magma bubble bursts from Hades, and broadband, 1–5 min duration signals associated with episodes of fragmentation degassing from Prometheus. Long‐term eruptive degassing signals, recorded through May 2010, preceded a several month period of declining activity. Degassing episodes were not recorded acoustically after early 2011, although quieter effusive eruption activity may have continued. Synchronous optical measurements of turbidity made between December 2009 and April 2010 indicate that turbidity maxima resulted from occasional south flank slope failures triggered by the collapse of accumulated debris during eruption intervals.
Direct impacts of waves on tropical cold point tropopause temperature
Authors: Kim Ji‐Eun , Alexander M. Joan
Published: February 2015

Cold point tropopause temperature is a key regulator of cirrus clouds and stratospheric water vapor, which have significant impacts on the Earth's radiation budget and climate. Using tropical radiosonde observations, we show that waves in the tropical tropopause layer lower cold point temperature by 1.6 K on average relative to the seasonal mean. Furthermore, wave activity in the tropical tropopause layer has not been constant over the last 2.5 decades, altering the magnitude of the wave impacts on cold point temperature at a decadal scale. The change in the direct wave impact is partially (~20–30%) responsible for the sudden decrease in cold point temperature and stratospheric water vapor at the end of 2000, which has not been fully explained by changes in the Brewer‐Dobson circulation. We further show that these wave impacts are not well represented in reanalysis data.
On the stress dependence of the earthquake b value
Authors: Scholz Christopher H.
Published: February 2015

Laboratory experiments have shown that the b value in the size distribution of acoustic emission events decreases linearly with differential stress. There have been a number of observations that indicate that this relation may also hold for earthquakes. Here using a simple frictional strength model for stresses in the continental lithosphere combined with earthquake b values measured as a function of depth in a wide variety of tectonic regions, we verify and calibrate that relation, finding b = 1.23 ± 0.06 − (0.0012 ± 0.0003)(σ1 − σ3), where the stress difference (σ1 − σ3) is in megapascal. For subduction zones, we find that b value correlates linearly with the slab pull force and with the net reduction of plate interface normal force, both of which also indicate a negative linear relation between b value and differential stress.
A P wave‐based, on‐site method for earthquake early warning
Authors: Colombelli S. , Caruso A. , Zollo A. , Festa G. , Kanamori H.
Published: February 2015

A new strategy for a P wave‐based, on‐site earthquake early warning system has been developed and tested on Japanese strong motion data. The key elements are the real‐time, continuous measurement of three peak amplitude parameters and their empirical combination to predict the ensuing peak ground velocity. The observed parameters are compared to threshold values and converted into a single, dimensionless variable. A local alert level is issued as soon as the empirical combination exceeds a given threshold. The performance of the method has been evaluated by applying the approach to the catalog of Japanese earthquake records and counting the relative percentage of successful, missed, and false alarms. We show that the joint use of three peak amplitude parameters improves the performance of the system as compared to the use of a single parameter, with a relative increase of successful alarms of about 35%. The proposed methodology provides a more reliable prediction of the expected ground shaking and improves the robustness of a single‐station, threshold‐based earthquake early warning system.
Observation of wake‐induced plasma waves around an ionospheric sounding rocket
Authors: Endo K. , Kumamoto A. , Katoh Y.
Published: February 2015

Plasma waves generated around the plasma wake of a supersonically moving rocket are studied using data from an impedance probe and a wave receiver installed on the sounding rocket S‐520‐26. These instruments were used to measure the electron number density and plasma waves at 260 ms intervals, which allows four to five measurements per rotation. During the flight of the S‐520‐26, three types of plasma waves were observed: short‐wavelength electrostatic waves such as electrostatic electron cyclotron harmonic waves, upper hybrid resonance mode waves, and whistler mode waves, assuming that the observed waves are produced in the near wake of the rocket. The wave generation mechanisms are discussed by calculating the linear growth rates of electrostatic waves; positive growth rates are obtained with the assumption of an anisotropic electron distribution function having a beam component or temperature anisotropy. We revealed the spatial distribution of the wave activity around the rocket and its relationship with the wake structure by analysis of the spin‐phase dependence of the waves and the observed electron number density. The spin‐phase dependence suggests that there are localized hot plasmas around the wake structure that can induce various types of plasma instability.
Mantle dynamics, isostasy, and the support of high terrain
Authors: Molnar Peter , England Philip C. , Jones Craig H.
Published: February 2015

Dynamic topography is commonly understood to be deflection of the Earth's surface that results from convection of the mantle. Because different authors use the words “dynamic topography” differently, topography designated as dynamic may amount to only a few hundred meters or may exceed 2000 m. For most regions, however, surface heights computed on the assumption that the lithospheric column is in isostatic equilibrium provide good approximations to observed topography. The small free‐air gravity anomalies and still smaller isostatic anomalies (<~30–50 mGal) associated with long‐wavelength topography suggest that deflections of the Earth's surface induced by flow‐induced normal tractions applied to the base of the lithosphere do not exceed ~300 m. Little evidence exists to show that such tractions support more than ~100 m of high terrain in regions like southern Africa, the Rocky Mountains and Colorado Plateau of the USA, eastern Asia, or the Aegean‐Anatolian region, where some have argued for many hundreds to >2000 m of dynamic topography. Moreover, simple examples show that if flow‐induced stresses maintain a given density distribution, then the resultant surface deflections can be smaller than those that would exist in isostatic equilibrium. In light of confusion over the term “dynamic topography,” we offer readers simple tools that we hope will enable them to diagnose the component of topography that results from flow‐induced stresses and to distinguish it from topography that is compensated isostatically.