bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Terahertz topological photonic crystals with dual edge states for efficient routing
Authors: Xing Hongyang , Xu Guizhen , Lu Dan , Fan Junxing , Xue Zhanqiang , Gao Zhen , Cong Longqing
Published: April 2023

Topological photonic crystals with robust pseudo-spin and valley edge states have shown promising and wide applications in topological waveguides, lasers, and antennas. However, the limited bandwidth and intrinsic coupling properties of a single pseudo-spin or valley edge state have imposed restrictions on their multifunctional applications in integrated photonic circuits. Here, we propose a topological photonic crystal that can support pseudo-spin and valley edge states simultaneously in a single waveguiding channel, which effectively broadens the bandwidth and enables a multipath routing solution for terahertz information processing and broadcasting. We show that distorted Kekulé lattices can open two types of bandgaps with different topological properties simultaneously by molding the inter- and intra-unit cell coupling of the tight-binding model. The distinct topological origins of the edge states provide versatile signal routing paths toward free space radiation or on-chip self-localized edge modes by virtue of their intrinsic coupling properties. Such a powerful platform could function as an integrated photonic chip with capabilities of broadband on-chip signal processing and distributions that will especially benefit terahertz wireless communications.
Pixel-wise rational model for a structured light system
Authors: Vargas Raúl , Romero Lenny A. , Zhang Song , Marrugo Andres G.
Published: April 2023

This Letter presents a novel structured light system model that effectively considers local lens distortion by pixel-wise rational functions. We leverage the stereo method for initial calibration and then estimate the rational model for each pixel. Our proposed model can achieve high measurement accuracy within and outside the calibration volume, demonstrating its robustness and accuracy.
Research on Demand Design Method of Cross Polarization Converter Metasurface Based on Depth Generation Model
Authors: Li Junwei , A Qinhua , Lan Qiusong , Yang Jintao , Yun Lijun , Xia Yuelong , yang Chengfu
Published: April 2023

As a two-dimensional electromagnetic metamaterial, the cross-polarization conversion (CPC) metasurface is thin, easy to develop, and has attracted wide attention. However, existing CPC cell surface designs still rely on inefficient full-wave numerical simulation. Although some researchers have explored deep learning CPC metasurface structure design methods, the generated metasurface patterns are of poor quality. In this paper, an on-demand design method for cross-polarization conversion metasurface based on depth-generation model is proposed. Firstly, Wasserstein generative adversarial network (WGAN) is used to reverse design CPC metasurface, and Wasserstein distance is introduced to replace JS divergence and KL divergence to optimize the target. The problem of training difficulty caused by gradient elimination of original generative adversarial network (GAN) is fundamentally solved. Secondly, in the WGAN model, U-Net architecture generator is used to generate images, which greatly improves the surface image quality of CPC. In addition, a simulator composed of convolutional neural network (CNN) is also added in this paper to carry out forward prediction of S-parameter spectrum diagram. By inputting the patterns generated by WGAN into the simulator, the corresponding S-parameter spectrum diagram is generated and compared with the real S-parameter spectrum diagram, so as to verify whether the surface patterns of generated elements meet the requirements. The depth generation model proposed in this paper organically combines the forward spectrum prediction model and the reverse CPC metasurface structure design model, so that the CPC metasurface structure satisfying the expected electromagnetic response can be designed quickly on demand. This on-demand design method is expected to promote the rapid design, fabrication and application of electromagnetic devices.
Imputed genomes and haplotype-based analyses of the Picts of early medieval Scotland reveal fine-scale relatedness between Iron Age, early medieval and the modern people of the UK
Authors: Morez Adeline , Britton Kate , Noble Gordon , Günther Torsten , Götherström Anders , Rodríguez-Varela Ricardo , Kashuba Natalija , Martiniano Rui , Talamo Sahra , Evans Nicholas J. , Irish Joel D. , Donald Christina , Girdland-Flink Linus
Published: April 2023

There are longstanding questions about the origins and ancestry of the Picts of early medieval Scotland (ca. 300–900 CE), prompted in part by exotic medieval origin myths, their enigmatic symbols and inscriptions, and the meagre textual evidence. The Picts, first mentioned in the late 3rd century CE resisted the Romans and went on to form a powerful kingdom that ruled over a large territory in northern Britain. In the 9th and 10th centuries Gaelic language, culture and identity became dominant, transforming the Pictish realm into Alba, the precursor to the medieval kingdom of Scotland. To date, no comprehensive analysis of Pictish genomes has been published, and questions about their biological relationships to other cultural groups living in Britain remain unanswered. Here we present two high-quality Pictish genomes (2.4 and 16.5X coverage) from central and northern Scotland dated from the 5th-7th century which we impute and co-analyse with >8,300 previously published ancient and modern genomes. Using allele frequency and haplotype-based approaches, we can firmly place the genomes within the Iron Age gene pool in Britain and demonstrate regional biological affinity. We also demonstrate the presence of population structure within Pictish groups, with Orcadian Picts being genetically distinct from their mainland contemporaries. When investigating Identity-By-Descent (IBD) with present-day genomes, we observe broad affinities between the mainland Pictish genomes and the present-day people living in western Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and Northumbria, but less with the rest of England, the Orkney islands and eastern Scotland—where the political centres of Pictland were located. The pre-Viking Age Orcadian Picts evidence a high degree of IBD sharing across modern Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Orkney islands, demonstrating substantial genetic continuity in Orkney for the last ~2,000 years. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA diversity at the Pictish cemetery of Lundin Links (n = 7) reveals absence of direct common female ancestors, with implications for broader social organisation. Overall, our study provides novel insights into the genetic affinities and population structure of the Picts and direct relationships between ancient and present-day groups of the UK.
A natural single nucleotide mutation in the small regulatory RNA ArcZ of Dickeya solani switches off the antimicrobial activities against yeast and bacteria
Authors: Brual Typhaine , Effantin Géraldine , Baltenneck Julie , Attaiech Laetitia , Grosbois Cloé , Royer Monique , Cigna Jérémy , Faure Denis , Hugouvieux-Cotte-Pattat Nicole , Gueguen Erwan
Published: April 2023

The necrotrophic plant pathogenic bacterium Dickeya solani emerged in the potato agrosystem in Europe. All isolated strains of D. solani contain several large polyketide synthase/non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (PKS/NRPS) gene clusters. Analogy with genes described in other bacteria suggests that the clusters ooc and zms are involved in the production of secondary metabolites of the oocydin and zeamine families, respectively. A third cluster named sol was recently shown to produce an antifungal molecule. In this study, we constructed mutants impaired in each of the three secondary metabolite clusters sol, ooc, and zms to compare first the phenotype of the D. solani wild-type strain D s0432-1 with its associated mutants. We demonstrated the antimicrobial functions of these three PKS/NRPS clusters against bacteria, yeasts or fungi. The cluster sol, conserved in several other Dickeya species, produces a secondary metabolite inhibiting yeasts. Phenotyping and comparative genomics of different D. solani wild-type isolates revealed that the small regulatory RNA ArcZ plays a major role in the control of the clusters sol and zms. A single-point mutation, conserved in some Dickeya wild-type strains, including the D. solani type strain IPO 2222, impairs the ArcZ function by affecting its processing into an active form.
Contracting the private health sector in Thailand’s Universal Health Coverage
Authors: Marshall Aniqa Islam , Witthayapipopsakul Woranan , Chotchoungchatchai Somtanuek , Wangbanjongkun Waritta , Tangcharoensathien Viroj
Published: April 2023

Private sector plays an import role in health service provision, therefore the engagement of private health facilities is important for ensuring access to health services. In Thailand, two of the three public health insurance schemes, Universal Coverage Scheme and Social Health Insurance, contract with private health facilities to fill gaps of public providers for the provision of health services under Universal Health Coverage. The National Health Security Office (NHSO) and Social Security Office (SSO), which manage the schemes respectively, have designed their own contractual agreements for private facilities. We aim to understand the current situation of contracting private health facilities within UHC of the two purchasing agencies. This qualitative descriptive case study was conducted through document review and in-depth interviews with key informants to understand how they contract private primary care facilities, service types, duration of contract, standard and quality requirement and renewal and termination of contracts. Private providers make a small contribution to the service provision in Thailand as a whole but they are important actors in Bangkok. The current approaches used by two purchasers are not adequate in engaging private sector to fill the gap of public provision in urban cities. One important reason is that large private hospitals do not find public contracts financially attractive. NHSO classifies contracts into 3 categories: main contracting units, primary care units, and referral units; while SSO only contracts main contracting units. Both allows subcontracting by the main contractors. Contractual agreements are effective in ensuring mandatory infrastructure and quality standards. Both purchasers have established technical capacities to enforce quality monitoring and financial compliance although there remains room for improvement especially on identifying fraud and taking legal actions. Contracting private healthcare facilities can fill the gap of public healthcare facilities, especially in urban settings. Purchasers need to balance the right level of incentives and accountability measures to ensure access to quality of care. In contracting private-for-profit providers, strong regulatory enforcement and auditing capacities are necessary. Further studies may explore various aspects contracting outcomes including access, equity, quality and efficiency impacts.
Exploring the feasibility of integrating health, nutrition and stimulation interventions for children under three years in Nepal’s health system: A qualitative study
Authors: Dulal Sophiya , Saville Naomi M. , Merom Dafna , Giri Kalpana , Prost Audrey
Published: April 2023

Community-based primary care settings are a potential entry point for delivering Early Childhood Development (ECD) interventions in Nepal. Past studies have suggested that integrating stimulation with nutrition interventions is an effective way to deliver multiple benefits for children, but there is limited knowledge of how to do this in Nepal. We conducted a qualitative study in Nepal’s Dhanusha district to explore how stimulation interventions for early learning could be integrated into existing health and nutrition programmes within the public health system. Between March and April 2021, we completed semi-structured interviews with caregivers (n = 18), health service providers (n = 4), district (n = 1) and national stakeholders (n = 4), as well as policymakers (n = 3). We also carried out focus group discussions with Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) (n = 2) and health facility operation and management committee members (n = 2). We analysed data using the framework method. Respondents were positive about introducing stimulation interventions into maternal and child health and nutrition services. They thought that using health system structures would help in the implementation of integrated interventions. Respondents also highlighted that local governments play a lead role in decision-making but must be supported by provincial and national governments and external agencies. Key factors impeding the integration of stimulation into national programmes included a lack of intersectoral collaboration, poor health worker competency, increased workload for FCHVs, financial constraints, a lack of prioritisation of ECD and inadequate capacity in local governments. Key barriers influencing the uptake of intervention by community members included lack of knowledge about stimulation, caregivers’ limited time, lack of paternal engagement, poverty, religious or caste discrimination, and social restrictions for newlywed women and young mothers. There is an urgent need for an effective coordination mechanism between ministries and within all three tiers of government to support the integration and implementation of scalable ECD interventions in rural Nepal.
Real world effectiveness of tixagevimab/cilgavimab (Evusheld) in the Omicron era
Authors: Chen Benjamin , Haste Nina , Binkin Nancy , Law Nancy , Horton Lucy E. , Yam Nancy , Chen Victor , Abeles Shira
Published: April 2023

Background

Pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 with tixagevimab/cilgavimab (T/C) received Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) based on results of a clinical trial conducted prior to the emergence of the Omicron variant. The clinical effectiveness of T/C has not been well described in the Omicron era. We examined the incidence of symptomatic illness and hospitalizations among T/C recipients when Omicron accounted for virtually all local cases.

Methods

Through retrospective electronic medical record chart review, we identified patients who received T/C between January 1 –July 31, 2022 within our quaternary referral health system. We determined the incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 infections and hospitalizations due to or presumed to be caused by early Omicron variants before and after receiving T/C (pre-T/C and post-T/C). Chi square and Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon two-sample tests were used to examine differences between the characteristics of those who got COVID-19 before or after T/C prophylaxis, and rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to assess differences in hospitalization rates for the two groups.

Results

Of 1295 T/C recipients, 105 (8.1%) developed symptomatic COVID-19 infection before receiving T/C, and 102 (7.9%) developed symptomatic disease after receiving it. Of the 105 patients who developed symptomatic infection pre-T/C, 26 (24.8%) were hospitalized, compared with six of the 102 patients (5.9%) who were diagnosed with COVID-19 post-T/C (RR = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.10–0.55; p = 0.0002). Seven of the 105 (6.7%) patients infected pre-T/C, but none of the 102 infected post-T/C required ICU care. No COVID-related deaths occurred in either group. The majority of COVID-19 cases among those infected pre-T/C treatment occurred during the Omicron BA.1 surge, while the majority of post-T/C cases occurred when Omicron BA.5 was predominant. In both groups, having at least one dose of vaccine strongly protected against hospitalization (pre-T/C group RR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.17–0.57, p = 0.02; post-T/C group RR = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.03–0.94; p = 0.04).

Conclusion

We identified COVID-19 infections after T/C prophylaxis. Among patients who received T/C at our institution, COVID-19 Omicron cases occurring after T/C were one-fourth as likely to require hospitalization compared to those with Omicron prior to T/C. However, due to the presence of changing vaccine coverage, multiple therapies, and changing variants, the effectiveness of T/C in the Omicron era remains difficult to assess.
Service availability and readiness of malaria surveillance information systems implementation at primary health centers in Indonesia
Authors: Herawati Maria Holly , Besral  , Lolong Dina Bisara , Pracoyo Noer Endah , Sukoco Noor Edi Widya , Supratikta Hadi , Veruswati Meita , Asyary Al
Published: April 2023

One of the most important indicators in malaria eradication is the malaria surveillance information system (SISMAL) for recording and reporting medical cases. This paper aims to describe the availability and readiness of SISMALs at primary health centers (PHCs) in Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey was implemented in seven provinces for this study. The data was analyzed using bivariate, multivariate, and linear regression. The availability of the information system was measured by assessing the presence of the electronic malaria surveillance information system (E-SISMAL) at the studied PHCs. The readiness was measured by averaging each component of the assessment. From 400 PHC samples, only 58.5% had available SISMALs, and their level of readiness was only 50.2%. Three components had very low levels of readiness: (1) the availability of personnel (40.9%), (2) SISMAL integration and storage (50.2%), and (3) the availability of data sources and indicators (56.8%). Remote and border (DTPK) areas had a 4% better readiness score than non-DTPK areas. Endemic areas were 1.4% better than elimination areas, while regions with low financial capacity were 3.78% better than regions with high financial capacity, with moderate capacity (2.91%). The availability rate of the SISMAL at PHCs is only 58.5%. Many PHCs still do not have SISMALs. The readiness of the SISMAL at these PHCs is significantly related to DTPK/remote area, high endemicity status, and low financial capacity. This study found that the implementation of SISMAL is more accessible to malaria surveillance for the remote area and regions with low financial capacity. Therefore, this effort will well-fit to address barrier to malaria surveillance in developing countries.
Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Malaysia: Public perception, knowledge, and acceptance
Authors: Mohamed Nurul Azmawati , Solehan Hana Maizuliana , Mohd Rani Mohd Dzulkhairi , Ithnin Muslimah , Arujanan Mahalecthumy
Published: April 2023

Background

Vaccine hesitancy has been around since the introduction of smallpox vaccine. Vaccine hesitancy has become more intense due to the rise of vaccine information in social media and mass adult vaccination during COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated knowledge, perception, and reasons for rejection of the COVID-19 vaccine among Malaysian adults who refused to get free COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods

An online cross-sectional survey using an embedded mixed-method study [QUAN(quali)] was conducted among Malaysian adults. The quantitative section consisted of a 49-item questionnaire, whereas the qualitative sections consisted of two open-ended questions (1) "Please state your reason why you have not registered or have no intention to register at all for COVID-19 vaccines?" and (2) "Please tell us if you have any suggestions for improvement about COVID-19 vaccine delivery". Data from respondents who were not willing to get vaccination were extracted from the overall data and further analyzed in this paper.

Result

Sixty-one adults completed the online open-ended survey with a mean age of 34.28 years (SD = 10.30). Among factors that influenced them to get vaccinated was information on vaccine effectiveness (39.3%), death due to COVID-19 (37.7%), and recommendations from the Ministry of Health (36.1%). Most of the respondents (77.0%) were knowledgeable about vaccines, with half having high-perceived risks (52.5%) to COVID-19. While 55.7% and 52.5% had, high perceived barriers and benefits to COVID-19 vaccines respectively. The reasons for vaccine rejections included vaccine safety, indecisiveness, underlying medical conditions, herd immunity, non-transparent data, and use of traditional or complementary medicine.

Conclusion

The study explored the multitude factors that drive perception, acceptance, and rejection. The qualitative approach with a small sample size provided more data point for interpretations and allowed participants to express themselves. This is important to develop strategies to create public awareness on vaccines not just for COVID-19 but any infectious diseases that can be curbed through vaccination.
Global-local least-squares support vector machine (GLocal-LS-SVM)
Authors: Youssef Ali Amer Ahmed
Published: April 2023

This study introduces the global-local least-squares support vector machine (GLocal-LS-SVM), a novel machine learning algorithm that combines the strengths of localised and global learning. GLocal-LS-SVM addresses the challenges associated with decentralised data sources, large datasets, and input-space-related issues. The algorithm is a double-layer learning approach that employs multiple local LS-SVM models in the first layer and one global LS-SVM model in the second layer. The key idea behind GLocal-LS-SVM is to extract the most informative data points, known as support vectors, from each local region in the input space. Local LS-SVM models are developed for each region to identify the most contributing data points with the highest support values. The local support vectors are then merged at the final layer to form a reduced training set used to train the global model. We evaluated the performance of GLocal-LS-SVM using both synthetic and real-world datasets. Our results demonstrate that GLocal-LS-SVM achieves comparable or superior classification performance compared to standard LS-SVM and state-of-the-art models. In addition, our experiments show that GLocal-LS-SVM outperforms standard LS-SVM in terms of computational efficiency. For instance, on a training dataset of 9, 000 instances, the average training time for GLocal-LS-SVM was only 2% of the time required to train the LS-SVM model while maintaining classification performance. In summary, the GLocal-LS-SVM algorithm offers a promising solution to address the challenges associated with decentralised data sources and large datasets while maintaining high classification performance. Furthermore, its computational efficiency makes it a valuable tool for practical applications in various domains.
Public sentiment analysis on urban regeneration: A massive data study based on sentiment knowledge enhanced pre-training and latent Dirichlet allocation
Authors: Chen Kehao , Wei Guiyu
Published: April 2023

Background

Public satisfaction is the ultimate goal and an important determinant of China’s urban regeneration plan. This study is the first to use massive data to perform sentiment analysis of public comments on China’s urban regeneration.

Methods

Public comments from social media, online forums, and government affairs platforms are analyzed by a combination of Natural Language Processing, Knowledge Enhanced Pre-Training, Word Cloud, and Latent Dirichlet Allocation.

Results

(1) Public sentiment tendency toward China’s urban regeneration was generally positive but spatiotemporal divergences were observed; (2) Temporally, public sentiment was most negative in 2020, but most positive in 2021. It has remained consistently negative in 2022, particularly after February 2022; (3) Spatially, at the provincial level, Guangdong posted the most comments and Tibet, Shanghai, Guizhou, Chongqing, and Hong Kong are provinces with highly positive sentiment. At the national level, the east and south coastal, southwestern, and western China regions are more positive, as opposed to the northeast, central, and northwest regions; (4) Topics related to Shenzhen’s renovations, development of China’s urban regeneration and complaints from residents are validly categorized and become the public’s key focus. Accordingly, governments should address spatiotemporal disparities and concerns of local residents for future development of urban regeneration.
Lovemarks and beyond: Examining the link between lovemarks and brand loyalty through customer advocacy in the automobile industry
Authors: Javed Nayab , Khalil Syed Haider , Ishaque Amir , Khalil Syed Majid
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Despite the potential for businesses, our understanding of lovemark brands and their consequences is limited. Numerous psychological and brand-related consequences are linked to lovemarks, but the role of influential underlining mechanisms is not fully understood. Inspired by the norms of reciprocity theory, the current study investigates the underlining role of customer advocacy in the relationship between perceived lovemarks and brand loyalty of customers in the automobile industry.

Methodology

By adopting the survey method, a sample of 478 was drawn from Pakistani automobile customers. Structural equation modelling was used for the analysis. We conceptualised lovemarks and brand loyalty as reflective higher-order constructs that we analysed through a two-stage disjoint analysis.

Findings

Our results support the conceptualization of lovemarks and brand loyalty as higher-order constructs. The influence of lovemarks and customer advocacy on brand loyalty was statistically significant when we controlled for age, gender, and income. Our findings also reveal that customer advocacy, seen as a company’s positive interactions, mediates and play a key role in influencing the relationship between lovemarks and brand loyalty.

Originality

This is among the first studies to examine the role of customer advocacy in the lovemarks-brand loyalty relationship. We examined these relationships in the automobile sector of Pakistan, which offers several theoretical and managerial implications for academia and practitioners. The implications are proposed and outlined in this study.
Editorial
Authors: Gallagher Anne
Published: April 2023

It is my great pleasure and honour to welcome readers to the first issue of the Anti-Trafficking Review. For those of us who have been working on the problem of human trafficking for many years, the emergence of a specialist journal is an important sign of progress – a welcome confirmation that our area of work and study has well and truly moved from the margins to the mainstream of international attention and concern.
Editorial: Who Counts? Issues of definition in anti-trafficking and housing research and action
Authors: Hail-Jares Katie
Published: April 2023

The relationship between homelessness and contemporary forms of slavery and human trafficking is well established. Early research often took this relationship for granted and was frequently divorced from housing policy or theory. Interdisciplinary research has continued to ignore how the housing sector struggled with its own issues around defining homelessness and what the dominant definition (the United States’ HUD-Rossi definition) meant for our understanding of homelessness. This Editorial to a Special Issue of Anti-Trafficking Review on ‘home and homelessness’ discusses the HUD-Rossi definition, its impact on research, both domestically and abroad, and the recent rejection of ‘roof-based’ for a return to socio-cultural definitions. With these socio-cultural definitions in mind, this special issue introduces the research touching upon the intersection of housing and anti-trafficking in three categories: 1) listening to traditional subjects of anti-trafficking research and their views on housing, homelessness, and homes; 2) illustrating how state housing and immigration policies encourage exploitation; and 3) critiquing how housing provided by the anti-trafficking and criminal justice sector often falls short in supporting a home-like environment.
The logistic equation in the context of Stieltjes differential and
integral equations
Authors: Márquez Albés Ignacio , Slavík Antonín
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we introduce logistic equations with Stieltjes
derivatives and provide explicit solution formulas. As an application, we
present a population model which involves intraspecific competition,
periods of hibernation, as well as seasonal reproductive cycles. We also
deal with various forms of Stieltjes integral equations, and find the
corresponding logistic equations. We show that our work extends earlier
results for dynamic equations on time scales, which served as an
inspiration for this paper.
A kiégés kialakulása és megelőzése
Authors: Mihálka Mária
Published: April 2023

A pedagógusok lelki egészsége nem tekinthető magánügynek: viselkedésükkel mintát nyújtanak azoknak a tanítványoknak, akiket nevelnek, oktatnak. A segítő hivatás során az egyén legfőbb munkaeszköze a saját személyisége, amelynek a védelme, ha úgy tetszik, „karbantartása” fokozott figyelmet, tudatosságot és felelősségvállalást igényel az egyén életében. A különböző szakmai helyzetek kihívások elé állítják a segítőket, ugyanis felelősségvállalásuk kiterjed a munkájuk során rájuk bízott személyekre is. A kettős felelősségvállaláson túl hivatásuk gyakorlása során fokozott lelki és olykor fizikai megterhelésnek vannak kitéve, amely lenyomatot képez, akár nyomot is hagy saját testi, lelki, szellemi egészségükön, éppen ezért felbecsülhetetlen értéke van a tudatos szakmai jelenlétnek, felelősségvállalásnak. A nevelés, oktatás emberközpontú hivatás, a tanároknak számos interperszonális kapcsolatban kell helytállniuk. A pedagógus szakma stresszes foglalkozás. Az egyén a személyiség védelme, „karbantartása” nélkül kockáztatja az egészségét, és bekövetkezhet, hogy nem tudja betölteni választott szerepét, önmaga is segítségre szorul. Ennek a lenyomatnak, „nyomnak” az egyik megnyilvánulási formája lehet a kiégés jelensége. A kiégés elhúzódó érzelmi megterhelés és stressz hatására kialakuló érzelmi, mentális és fizikális kimerülés, amelynek során a társas interakcióikban az egyének nem képesek reálisan megítélni sem önmaguk, sem a környezetükben lévő személyek viselkedését, teljesítményét. Gyakori a negatív önértékelés, a valóságnál negatívabb társészlelés. A munkához kapcsolódó célok leértékelődnek, a munkavégzés öröme és az alkotó lelkesedés eltűnik, az egyén megküzdési képessége sérül. A kiégés megelőzésének folyamatában egyéni és szervezeti szinten is szükséges prevenciós lehetőségek megfogalmazása.
Várandósok egészség-magatartása hazai és nemzetközi viszonylatban
Authors: Kocsis-Fuszkó Zita
Published: April 2023

Gyakori, hogy várandósság alatt a kismamák nagyobb motivációval rendelkeznek az életmódváltás terén, fontosabbnak tartják az egészséges táplálkozást, a megfelelő testmozgást. Ezért érdemes ebben az időszakban nagyobb figyelmet fordítani az életmódváltással kapcsolatos edukációra, különböző prevenciós programok szervezésére, hiszen a csoportba tartozó hölgyek nagyobb nyitottsággal fordulnak az egészséggel kapcsolatos információk felé. Az egészség-magatartás alatt értünk minden olyan viselkedést, mely az egészségi állapot befolyásolására irányul, ilyen például az egészséges táplálkozás, a testmozgás, a vitaminok szedése, de ezen felül a káros egészség-magatartással kapcsolatos viselkedések is, mint például a dohányzás vagy az alkoholfogyasztás. Jelen tanulmányban a hazai, illetve nemzetközi mintán mért egészség-magatartással kapcsolatos hasonlóságokat, illetve különbözőségeket mutatjuk be. Az összehasonlításból kiderült, hogy a magyar nők bizonyos hányada a várandósság előtt nem tartotta fontosnak az egészséges táplálkozást, azonban várandósság alatt ez megváltozott, míg Angliában a megkérdezettek nagy része már várandósság előtt figyelmet fordít az egészséges étkezésre. Magyarországon a vitamint szedő kismamák aránya nagyobb, mint más vizsgált országokban. A testmozgást tekintve a magyar nők kevesebb mint fele végez heti legalább 150 perc mozgást, más országokban nagyobb arányban voltak fizikailag aktívak. A dohányzók aránya hasonló, az alkoholt fogyasztók azonban jóval magasabb százalékban jelennek meg a magyar mintán. Célunk felhívni a figyelmet az esetleges hiányosságokra és különbözőségekre ezeken a területeken, így lehetőség adódhat fejlesztésekre a várandósok körben az egészséges életmódra nevelés révén.
HECAT – Az egészségnevelési feladatok (keret)tantervi megjelenésének elemzésére szolgáló eszköz
Authors: Tarkó Klára , Mátó Veronika , Uitumen Erdenezul , Szabó-Prievara Dóra Katalin
Published: April 2023

Az iskoláskorú gyerekekre irányuló legfrissebb nemzetközi egészségmagatartás-kutatások kedvezőtlen tendenciákról számolnak be, és felhívják a figyelmet arra, hogy milyen fontos lenne már fiatal kortól kezdve a gyermekek egészség-magatartásának fejlesztése. Az egészségnevelés, egészségfejlesztés színtéralapú megközelítése értelmében az iskola az egyik legfontosabb helyszíne az egészséges életmódra történő szocializálásnak. A modern egészségnevelés az egészség holisztikus megközelítésére építve egyaránt foglalkozik az egészség testi, mentális, érzelmi, spirituális, társas és társadalmi dimenzióival. Az egészségnevelés akkor sikeres, ha a szokásváltoztatást tűzi ki céljául, vagyis segíti az életmódot örömmel végzett szokások rendszerévé alakítani, és ezáltal minőségi életet élni élethosszig tartóan. Az egészségnevelés, egészségfejlesztés közoktatásra vonatkozó célkitűzéseit Magyarországon a Nemzeti Alaptanterv határozza meg, részletezése a kerettantervek, helyi tantervek és pedagógiai programok szintjén történik. Jelen írásunk egy, az egészségnevelési (keret)tantervek elemzésére szolgáló eszköznek (Health Education Curriculum Analysis Tool, HECAT) a rövid, figyelemfelkeltő bemutatására törekszik. A HECAT célja, hogy lehetővé tegye az egészségnevelés, egészségfejlesztés nemzeti, keret- vagy helyi tantervi megjelenésének konzisztens és átfogó elemzését, melynek eredményei nyomán sor kerülhet a tanterv felülvizsgálatára, fejlesztésére és megerősítésére, és ezáltal az iskola egészségnevelési feladatokat ellátó pedagógusai képessé válnak hatékonyabban befolyásolni az iskoláskorú gyerekek és fiatalok egészségmagatartását és egészségmutatóit. A dokumentumot mind a fenntartó, mind az iskola hatékony elemző eszközként használhatja. A HECAT segítségével elemezhetők a nemzeti alaptantervek is, de legjobban akkor működik, ha a részletes egészségnevelési, egészségfejlesztési kerettanterv elemzésére használjuk.
Cluster Analysis of Emergency Medical Center Regional Use Patterns among Critically Ill Emergency Patients in Korea (2014-2018)
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Sungmin , Heo Wanyoung , Pak Yunsuk , Han Sohyun , Huh Youngjin , Kim Sehyung , Oh Mira
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to analyse the inflow and outflow of critically ill emergency patients in Korea using the National Emergency Department Information System data of the last five years (2014-2018). Using the relevance index (RI) and the commitment index (CI) for analysis, the optimal number of clusters was determined. Moreover, K-means cluster analysis was performed using the determined number of clusters in cities, counties, and districts across the country. The difference between the RI and the CI clusters by year was analysed. The total data analysed included 5,551,616 critically ill emergency patients. The most appropriate number of clusters was two for the years 2014-2018. Cluster 1 was a patient outflow region with a l ow R I and high C I. C luster 2 w as a p atient i nflow region w ith a high RI and low C I. T here w ere no significant differences in the RI and CI each year based on the patient inflow of c ritically i ll emergency patients. In an annual comparison of the CI, significant differences were noted between 2014 and 2017. We expect to use such results to develop a plan for introducing an emergency medical system tailored to each region and for formulating an emergency medical policy.
Influência de um condensador externo no dessalinizador solar do tipo bandeja para obter água dessalinizada no município de Queimadas
Authors: Viana Wanderley , Rocha Genilma Maria Gonçalves da , Lima Carlos Antônio Pereira de , Medeiros Keila Machado de
Published: April 2023

O dessalinizador solar de dupla inclinação do tipo bandeja foi utilizado com o intuito de obter uma água tratada. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho da produção de água dessalinizada do dessalinizador solar com um condensador externo e as características físico-química da água antes e após o processo de dessalinização. Um poço de água salobra do Sítio Alto dos Cordeiros do município de Queimadas – PB foi utilizada como fonte de água a ser tratada. O dessalinizador solar tem uma área de 4 m² em que o dessalinizador solar de controle denominado como (D1) e o dessalinizador solar como o condensador externo denominado de (D2+C) e a água salina utilizada no experimento tem condutividade elétrica de 1820 µS.cm-1 e pH de 7,3. Os resultados observado mais significativos foram a produção máxima de água potável no dia 19 de novembro de 2022, onde obteve um valor de 8,6 L.dia-1 para o dessalinizador solar com o condensador externo (D2+C) sendo que o dessalinizador solar (D2) produziu 7,61 L.dia-1 e o condensador externo 0,99 L.dia-1  para o dessalinizador solar de controle (D1) teve uma produção de 8,58 L.dia-1 e um índice de radiação solar média para os dois dessalinizadores solar de 874,8 W.m-2  em uma lâmina de água salina com profundidade de 1cm. Os resultados obtidos das análises físico-químicas das águas salobra e dessalinizada apresentaram reduções na condutividade elétrica de 99,07 % para (D1) com pH de 7,3 e 99,56 % para (D2+C) com pH de 7,3 para o dia 19 e para o dia 22 de novembro, obteve uma redução de 99,45% para (D1) com pH de 6,03 e 99,4% para (D2+C) com pH de 6,4 após o processo de dessalinização, atingindo valores de acordo com os padrões de potabilidade exigidos pela Portaria do Ministério da Saúde vigente no país.
European Environmental Databases. OpenDAP, Spanish context.
Authors: Otero Sheila , Montilla Soledad , Tenorio José Antonio , Sotorrio Guillermo , Garnica Teresa , Abad Belén , Conde Marta
Published: April 2023

With the aim of facilitating sustainability assessment through Life Cycle Assessment, the Eduardo Torroja Institute of Construction Sciences. CSIC is developing a public database of environmental information: OpenDAP. One of the objectives of this database is to be compatible with other European databases but to be fully open, public and free of charge. With the participation in the project “Wood for Sustainable Construction Task Force”, whose coordinator was the University of Cordoba, 10 EPDs have been developed for different wood products and species, with a detailed study of each stage, using a spreadsheet and field studies for data collection.In this article we aim to demonstrate the need for environmental quantification of services and products in the construction sector, due to the importance of the global impact of this sector. With common procedures that allow us to obtain comparable and useful results for the final client who selects them. Both for generic and specific products, being stable and exportable. Allowing us to compare, reduce and improve our sustainability.
Implementation of positive energy district concepts and energy master plans for decarbonization of districts
Authors: Haase Matthias , Baer Daniela
Published: April 2023

In order to achieve a holistic approach to community energy planning for neighbourhoods and districts, it is crucial to provide planners, decision makers, and stakeholders with the necessary methods and instruments. However, there is a research gap in terms of planning and implementation strategies and models. To address this gap, our research used literature and document analysis as well as qualitative interviews to identify implementation models and energy supply options for Positive Energy Districts (PEDs), and to determine which market actors are needed for PEDs. We also discussed the consequences of scaling up the PED concept.Our analysis highlights the importance of integrated energy planning, which is critical for reducing energy consumption, securing the location of energy infrastructure (generation, distribution, storage), and achieving long-term sustainable development and climate neutrality. Therefore, understanding the different dimensions of sustainable development in combination with energy supply and consumption is more important than ever for planning and realizing settlements.
Investigating the change in preference of living and transport during COVID-19
Authors: Fahlstedt Oskar , Ma Winnie
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic meant that people had to perform most of their daily activities from home. This study intends to investigate if a period of working from home has changed living preferences concerning housing size and location. The data was collected through a web-based survey. The literature is divided regarding the potential benefits of reduced commuting due to increased home office utilization. There is a prevalent risk of rebound effects as saved travel time might lead to increased travel on leisure, which could counterweight the benefits of reduced daily commuting in cities. Most of the respondents in this study want to work from home 2-3 days a week. The respondents that desire to move to a less central location state the lower square meter price as one important reason. Analyses in prevailing research did not investigate the preference for larger homes combined with increased home office use. Future studies should also investigate the desire for larger homes to achieve a holistic evaluation of the emissions related to telecommuting.
Multi-spatiotemporal analysis of changes in mangrove forests in Palawan, Philippines: predicting future trends using a support vector machine algorithm and the Markov chain model
Authors: Cayetano Cristobal B. , Creencia Lota A. , Sullivan Emma , Clewley Daniel , Miller Peter I.
Published: April 2023

Multi-temporal remote sensing imagery can be used to explore how mangrove assemblages are changing over time and facilitate critical interventions for ecological sustainability and effective management. This study aims to explore the spatial dynamics of mangrove extents in Palawan, Philippines, specifically in Puerto Princesa City, Taytay and Aborlan, and facilitate future predictions for Palawan using the Markov Chain model. The multi-date Landsat imageries during the period 1988–2020 were used for this research. The support vector machine algorithm was sufficiently effective for mangrove feature extraction to generate satisfactory accuracy results (>70% kappa coefficient values; 91% average overall accuracies). In Palawan, a 5.2% (2693 ha) decrease was recorded during 1988–1998 and an 8.6% increase in 2013–2020 to 4371 ha. In Puerto Princesa City, a 95.9% (2758 ha) increase was observed during 1988–1998 and 2.0% (136 ha) decrease during 2013–2020. The mangroves in Taytay and Aborlan both gained an additional 2138 ha (55.3%) and 228 ha (16.8%) during 1988–1998 but also decreased from 2013 to 2020 by 3.4% (247 ha) and 0.2% (3 ha), respectively. However, projected results suggest that the mangrove areas in Palawan will likely increase in 2030 (to 64,946 ha) and 2050 (to 66,972 ha). This study demonstrated the capability of the Markov chain model in the context of ecological sustainability involving policy intervention. However, as this research did not capture the environmental factors that may have influenced the changes in mangrove patterns, it is suggested adding cellular automata in future Markovian mangrove modelling.
La Junta de Coordinación Revolucionaria
Authors: Ríos Sierra Jerónimo
Published: April 2023

El siguiente trabajo aborda el proyecto de convergencia guerrillera que supuso, a partir de 1974, la Junta de Coordinación Revolucionaria (JCR). Esta, formada por varias guerrillas de Argentina, Bolivia, Chile y Uruguay, es el primer esfuerzo por generar un mecanismo de confrontación en clave supranacional contra las derivas autoritarias que transcurren en el Cono Sur. Sin embargo, quedó desdibujado a un plano muy residual y, en todo caso, repleto de contradicciones y debilidades acuciantes. Al respecto, se intentan explicar los factores y elementos que justifican su rápida desaparición, ilustrando el argumento central con documentación elaborada por los propios grupos armados que se encuentra disponible en el Centro de Documentación de los Movimientos Armados o en el Archivo de Lucha Armada “David Cámpora” de Montevideo.
Tres indicios de una salvación inquisitorial
Authors: Rosado Calderón Juan
Published: April 2023

En este artículo propongo un examen del riesgo de una salvación falsa, juzgada según los tres indicios que representan las tres tentaciones a Jesús en el desierto. Para ello, hago una interpretación filosófica de la Leyenda del Gran Inquisidor, de Dostoyevski, que seguirá la interpretación iniciada por el pensador ruso Pavel Evdokimov. Con esta lectura, propongo una idea de la filosofía como resistencia a tres vectores del poder, a los cuales se contraponen los votos monásticos de pobreza, castidad y obediencia, desde los cuales mantenerse en fidelidad al proyecto de Dios hacia el mundo (Sabiduría).
Claves del debilitamiento de la real función social del sindicato.Acercamiento a las barreras en la constitución de sindicatos de rama/industria y el ejercicio de huelgas de solidaridad en tres modelos laborales latinoamericanos
Authors: Lucero Pantoja Jairo Enrique
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo desarrollaremos un estudio comparativo de modelos laborales que categorizaremos como coherentes, incoherentes y mixtos a partir de la compenetración que estos tengan con los postulados del derecho de libertad sindical devenidos de los convenios 87 y 98 de la OIT, y la efectivización de dos objetos de análisis: la libertad de constitución, tamaño y organización estructural del sindicato y la interacción gremial a partir de la huelga por solidaridad. Para este fin, se realiza una investigación descriptiva y explicativa, empleándose la metodología dogmática ?clásica de las ciencias jurídicas? y los submétodos sistemático, analítico y de enjuiciamiento de hecho. En tal medida, concluiremos cuáles son los principales errores de los modelos laborales en la búsqueda de los principios e ideales de la sindicalización y algunos comentarios respecto a las razones por las cuales superviven ciertos instrumentos jurídicos enquistados en el siglo XIX en momentos en los que debería encontrarse el auge del reconocimiento y amparo del sujeto colectivo laboral.
Educación propia en marco de derechos humanos cabildo Pastos Gran Putumayo
Authors: Rodrigo Fajardo Ausberto
Published: April 2023

La comunidad indígena del Cabildo Pastos Gran Putumayo, ubicada en la vereda Villa Rosa 2 del municipio de Mocoa (Putumayo), ha visto amenazada su identidad cultural por la vulneración de sus derechos, lo cual ha afectado de manera directa la autonomía del territorio, como espacio generador y transmisor de conocimiento, viendo coartado el desarrollo y las prácticas culturales, que permiten el reconocimiento y desarrollo propio para la prolongación de la vida, o sea, la autodeterminación como pueblo. Para la comunidad indígena es importante el rescate de su territorio, porque desde allí ejerce la Autoridad y la Espiritualidad, considerados ejes fundamentales en el fortalecimiento de la Identidad.