bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Влияние крайней степени внешней несвободы на творчество Сергея Параджанова
Authors: Журавлева Вероника
Published: January 2023

Սերգեյ Փարաջանովի արվեստի վրա արտաքին անազատության ծայրաստիճան մեծ ազդեցության, ձերբակալություններին առնչվող յուրահատկությունների տվյալների որակական վերլուծությունը համալրում է նրա ստեղծագործության արվեստաբանական վերլուծությունը: Հոդվածում առկա հետազոտության փորձարարական հիմքը ռեժիսորի էպիստոլյար (նամակային) ժառանգությունը և բանտում ստեղծած պատկերագրական աշխատանքներն են: Սերգեյ Փարաջանովը բանտային կյանքը պատկերացնում էր անձնական բանտային փորձը վերլուծելով՝ հենվելով «չար ու բարի», «լույս և ստվեր» երկատվածության վրա, վերաիմաստավորելով բանտային աշխարհի հետ առնչություն չունեցող իրերի էությունն ու իմաստները: Երկրորդ բանտարկության ընթացքում ռեժիսորի ստեղծագործության մեջ ազգային առասպելը վերածվում է ճամբարային կյանքի վերաիմաստավորման և բանտարկյալի ինքնորոշման փոփոխության։ Այս կերպարանափոխությունը պետք է հասկանալ որպես Սերգեյ Փարաջանովի ձգտումը՝ իր արվեստում ելակետ ունենալ «արտաքին միջավայրի համատեքստի առասպելը»։
Спецификa и сущностные особенности влияния крайней степени внешней несвободы, тюремных заключений на творчество Сергея Параджанова рассматривается сквозь призму качественного анализа данных, дополняющего искусствоведческое исследование художественных произведений. Эмпирической базой исследования является эпистолярное наследие режиссера и корпус изобразительных работ, созданных им непосредственно в тюрьме. Сергей Параджанов представляет мир зоны, анализируя собственный тюремный опыт, опираясь на дихотомии «зло – добро», «свет – тень», переосмысляя специфику и значения вещей, не относящихся к миру зоны. Во время второго тюремного заключения национальный миф в творчестве режиссера трансформируется в переосмысление лагерного быта и изменений в самоидентификации личности заключенного. Данную метаморфозу следует понимать как стремление Сергея Параджанова отталкиваться в своем искусстве от «мифа контекста внешней среды».
The author analyzes the specifics and essential features of the influence of the extreme degree of external unfreedom, imprisonment, on the work of Sergei Parajanov through the prism of qualitative data analysis, complementing the art criticism analysis of works of art. The empirical basis of the research conducted by the author is the epistolary legacy of the director and the body of fine works created by Parajanov directly in prison. The author comes to the conclusion that Sergei Parajanov represents the world of the zone, analyzing his own prison experience, relying on the dichotomies "evil – good", "light – shadow", rethinking the specifics and meanings of things that do not belong to the world of the zone. During the second prison sentence, the national myth in the di-rector's work is transformed into a rethinking of camp life and changes in the prisoner's self-identification. This metamorphosis should be understood as Sergei Parajanov's de-sire to build on the "myth of the context of the external environment" in his art.
Երևանի քաղաքաշինության առանձնահատկությունները պարսկական իշխանության շրջանում
Authors: Միրիջանյան Դիաննա , Հարությունյան Արսեն , Դավթյան Դավիթ , Գրիգորյան Ավետիս , Բաբաջանյան Աստղիկ
Published: January 2023

Ուշ միջնադարում պարսկական ճարտարապետությունը և շինարվեստը որոշակի կնիք են թողել Երևանի քաղաքային կերպարի ձևավորման վրա, երբ այն դարձավ Սեֆյան տերության Երևանի կուսակալության վարչական կենտրոնը: Սեֆյանների վերելքով նշանավորվեց պարսկական մշակույթի և ճարտարապետության ծաղկման նոր դարաշրջանը: Նրանց օրոք ստեղծված ճարտարապետական հորինվածքային և ոճական առանձնահատկություններով կառուցված շենքերը ուշմիջնադարյան Երևանի քաղաքային կերպարի անբաժանելի մասն են: Այդ շրջանում Երևանի հայկական հոգևոր-մշակութային, քաղաքացիական և բնակելի շենքերից զատ, պարսիկ խաների օրոք կառուցվում և վերակառուցվում էին Երևանի բերդը, մի շարք մզկիթներ, շուկա-հրապարակներ, իջևանատներ, բաղնիքներ և ինժեներական կառույցներ: Որոշ խաների օրոք, որոնք բարյացակամ վերաբերմունք էին դրսևորում հայերի նկատմամբ, վերականգնվում և բարեկարգվում էին հայկական հոգևոր-մշակութային օջախները: Ուշադրություն էր հատկացվում նաև Երևանի ոռոգման համակարգին և ենթակառուցվածքներին:
Персидская архитектура и строительное искусство наложили своеобразный отпечаток на градостроительство Еревана в период позднего средне-вековья, когда город стал административным центром Ереванского ханства в Сефевидской империи. Новый расцвет персидской культуры и архитекту-ры был связан с приходом к власти Сефевидов. Здания с присущими персидской культуре архитектурно-стилистическими особенностями составляют неотъемлемую часть городского облика позднесредневекового Еревана. В этот период, кроме армянских духовно-культурных, гражданских и жилых построек, при персидских ханах были построены и перестроены Ереванская крепость, ряд мечетей, рыночные площади, постоялые дворы, бани и инженерные сооружения. В годы правления некоторых ханов, проявлявших лояльное отношение к армянам, восстанавливались и благоустраивались армянские духовно-культурные центры. Особое внимание было уделено системе водоснабжения и инфраструктуре Еревана.
The Persian architecture and construction art influenced the urban planning of Yerevan in the late medieval period when the city was the administrative centre of the Yerevan khanate in the Safavid Empire. The new age of the heyday of the Persian culture and architecture was marked with the rise of Safavids. The edifices built in the Persian architectural and stylistic peculiarities constitute the inseparable part of the Yerevan urban landscape. Along with Armenian religeous and cultural, public and residential buildings the Iranian governors built and rebuilt the Yerevan fortress, a number of mosques, squares, inns, bathhouses, and engineering structures. During the rule of khans who were well-disposed towards Armenians, the Armenian religious and cultural centres were built and restored. The Persian governors paid attention on the water supply system and infrastructure as well.
Մամիկոնյանների գործունեության սկիզբը Մեծ Հայքում
Authors: Վարդանյան Արգիշտի
Published: January 2023

Թե՛ Արշակունյաց թագավորության, թե՛ մարզպանության շրջանում հայ նախարարական տների պատմության մեջ իր ուրույն տեղն ունի Մամիկոնյան իշխանական ընտանիքի գործունեությունը։ 240-ական թվականների կեսերին ներքին խռովությունների հետևանքով և աշխարհաքաղաքական բարդ պայմաններում նրանք լքեցին իրենց հայրենիքը՝ Ճենաստանը: Դուրս գալով այնտեղից՝ Մամիկոնյանները նախ ապաստան գտան Քուշանաց աշխարհում՝ Բահլում, Վասուդևա Արշակունու մոտ։ Վերջինիս ջանքերի շնորհիվ ազատվելով սպասվող պատժից՝ նրանք հանգրվանեցին Մեծ Հայքում՝ Տրդատ Բ-ի (216-256) մոտ, որն այդ ժամանակ անհավասար պայքար էր մղում Սասանյան աշխարհակալության դեմ՝ փորձելով պաշտպանել երկրի գոյությունը և անկախությունը։ Հետագա տասնամյակներում Մամիկոնյանները ոչ միայն դասվեցին առաջնակարգ նախարարների շարքում, այլև օգտագործելով նպաստավոր իրադրությունը՝ Տրդատ Գ-ից (298-330) ստացան առաջին խոշոր կալվածքը՝ Տարոնը, բնաջնջեցին Սլկունի նախարարական տոհմը և գլխավորեցին այնպիսի առանցքային գործակալություն, ինչպիսին էր հայոց բանակի սպարապետությունը։
Как при царстве Аршакидов, так и в период марзпанства в истории армянских княжеских домов особое место занимает деятельность княжеской семьи Мамиконянов. В результате внутренних смут в середине 240-х годов и в сложных геополитических условиях Мамиконяны покинули свою родину – Ченастан, вначале найдя пристанище в Кушанском мире, в Багле, у Васу-девы Аршакуни. Избежав ожидаемого наказания благодаря усилиям последнего, они обосновались в Великом Айке, у Трдата II (216-256), который в этот период вступил в неравную борьбу с Сасанидской империей, пытаясь сохранить страну и ее независимость. В последующие десятилетия Мамиконяны не только были причислены к лучшим нахарарам, но и воспользовались благоприятной ситуацией, получили от Трдата III (298-330) первое крупное поместье – Тарон. Уничтожив княжеский род Слкуни, они возглавили такой ключевой государственный институт, каковым являлось спарапетство армянской армии.
Both under the Arshakid kingdom and during the period of marzpanutyun, the activities of the Mamikonyan princely family occupies a special place in the history of the Armenian princely houses. As a result of an internal unrest in the mid-240s and in difficult geopolitical conditions, the Mamikonyans left their homeland – Chenastan, first finding refuge in the Kushan world, in Bahl, where Vasudev Arshakuni gave them shelter. Having escaped the expected punishment owing to the efforts of the latter, they settled in Greater Armenia, where Trdat II (216-256) reigned, who during this period entered into an unequal struggle with the Sasanian Empire, making attempts to preserve the country and its independence. In subsequent decades, the Mamikonyans were not only ranked among the best nakharars, but also took the advantage of the favorable situation, received from Trdat III (298-330) the first large estate – Taron. Having destroyed the princely family of Slkuni, they headed such a key state institution as the Sparapet Office (supreme commander) of the Armenian army.
Blessed Eusebius and the Pauline hermits
Authors: Hesz Attila
Published: January 2023

The history of Blessed Eusebius and the Pauline Order has been the subject of a considerable number of scholarly studies in recent decades. The possible features of the early history of the Pauline Order have been discussed from a variety of perspectives. One inevitable subject of these analyses is the manuscript Vitae fratrum compiled by the Pauline Gergely Gyöngyösi, and the examination of the veracity of the information it contains. One school of thought treats the person of Eusebius as a purely fictional character, while another sees him as a real-life protagonist of events. This study aims to make some contributions to the complex issue of historical reality.
The Golden Bull of 1222 and the historical constitution
Authors: Horváth Attila
Published: January 2023

András II (1205-1235) imposed new taxes to be able to support his lavish lifestyle, but he mostly outsourced the collection of these taxes. To increase the number of his allies despite the general discontent, the king gave away royal estates one after another. In response to the protests of the royal servants and the lords on Imre’s side, András II issued the Golden Bull of 1222, in which he promised to abide by the law and to abandon his lavish lifestyle. The Golden Bull was named after the pendant seal that authenticated the charter. From the time of King Béla II onwards, the king used a gold seal on all important documents, but only the Golden Bull of 1222 is usually written with capital letters. It should be added that our historiography also mentions two other golden bulls: the second one was issued by András II in 1231 at the request of the high priests and two of his sons. The third golden bull was issued by King Béla IV, together with his two sons, Stephen the Younger and Béla, Prince of Slavonia.
Early royal power in the Carpathian Basin and some interesting connections
Authors: Kovács Attila
Published: January 2023

It is common knowledge that the victory over Koppány brought about the establishment of the Hungarian Christian kingdom, which also finalised the cultural direction change of the Carpathian basin that played a key role in the region. The power setting in which the Hungarian elite found itself – headed by its ruling clan – was a structure already in a hegemonistic situation in Europe, and Christianity was an inevitable part of it. However, this power model underwent a significant change by the time it reached the Vistula-Carpathians line, and from the collapse of the Western Roman Empire until the turn of the millennium.
Finding the burial place of King Béla III and Anne of Antioch in 1848
Authors: Demeter Zsófia
Published: January 2023

On 5 December 1848, the grave of the first, and so far the last, royal couple whose identity was confirmed with certainty – by common consent – was found in Székesfehérvár. We should also add that this was the last proven burial of a ruler of the Árpád dynasty in the capital of the royal house (since the burial place of the child László III, who died in 1205, is unknown). The finds were, and still are, interesting, not only because they were undisturbed: neither conquerors nor treasure hunters had managed to rob the graves. This was also of particular importance from a historical and cultural history perspective, since János Érdy’s archaeological excavation method and the results are still considered exemplary by his scientific successors. It was the excavation and the interest generated around it that led scientists to investigate the person, age, historical role and greatness of Béla III, and the excavation is the only source from which we know about the representation of the ruler in death. The original state of the king’s grave and the other graves in the vicinity can be reconstructed from the excavation documentation, such as the drawings made by János Varsányi on site (although Varsányi himself drew the queen’s grave based on the accounts of those on site, after the outer coffin had been opened before his arrival). Admittedly after many ups and downs, the royal skeletons discovered became the subject of study by generations of Hungarian anthropologists. In 1935, Lajos Bartucz expressed the importance of re-examining all the bones that had been discovered by that time: “They will shed some light on the inheritance of certain anthropological stamps in the family of the Árpáds.” It is fitting and just that the finds of the graves discovered in 1848, six hundred years later, are now at the centre of archaeogenetic studies.
DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN KEBERADAAN USAHA PETERNAKAN AYAM RAS PETELUR DI WILAYAH PEMUKIMAN DI KECAMATAN PEGANTENAN
Authors: Alfaruq Umar , Riszqina Riszqina
Published: January 2023

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui dampak lingkungan peternakan ayam ras petelur di wilayah pemukiman di Kecamatan Pegantenan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal l juli sampai 30 juli 2020 dengan mix metode. Jumlah responden sebanyak 14 responden usaha ternak ayam petelur (total sampling) dan 14 responden dampak lingkungan (purposive sampling). Penelitian awal merupakan penelitian kualitatif dan penelitian selanjutnya secara kuantitatif menganalisis beberapa variabel faktor pendukung dampak lingkungan menggunakan regresi, dengan program SPSS versi 21. Penelitian menunjukkan umur peternak berkisar 23-55 tahun, tingkat pendidikan sebagian besar tamatan SD (42,86 %). jumlah ayam yang dipelihara berkisar antara 500-3000 ekor, umur usaha peternakan berkisar 1-20 tahun; tenaga kerja yang digunakan tenaga kerja somah, pengalaman beternak berkisar antara 1-20 tahun; periode pembersihan kandang satu kali setiap periode pemeliharaan; jumlah ternak yang mati/periode pemeliharaan bervariasi antara 4-100 ekor. Jumlah kerusakan telur rata-rata 5-15 butir/hari. Karakteristik responden dampak lingkungan sebagian besar bukan keluarga peternak (85,71%), berumur 20 – 58 tahun, jarak peternakan dari rumah responden berkisar antara 50-150 meter. Hubungan antara variabel faktor pendukung dampak lingkungan ditunjukkan dengan persamaan Y = -0,264 X1 +0,829 X2 -1,175 X3 – 0,266 X4 + 0,505 X5 + 0,306 X7 – 0,298 X8 – 0,186 X9, menjelaskan bahwa dampak lingkungan adanya usaha peternakan ayam petelur dipengaruhi secara nyata dengan koefisien regresi, r = 0,847 terhadap variabel jarak peternakan unggas dari daerah pemukiman, jumlah unggas yang di pelihara, umur usaha peternakan unggas, jumlah tenaga kerja, pengalaman beternak, jumlah kotoran ternak, jumlah ternak yang mati, dan banyaknya telur yang retak/rusak daripada usaha ternak ayam petelur di wilayah pemukiman di Kecamatan Pegantenan.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AMPAS KELAPA FERMENTASI TERHADAP PERTUMNUHAN ANAK KAMBING KACANG LEPAS SAPIH
Authors: Al Jailani Jawaharul Aknun , Umar Malikah
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui laju pertumbuhan kambing kacang jantan lepas sapih yang di pelihara secara intensif didaerah pesisir. Materi penelitian berupa 12 ekor anak kambing kacanag jantan lepas sapih, yang diteliti dengan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemberian pakan (hijauan dan konsentrat) dengan imbangan yang berbeda sebagai P0 (100% Rumput Lapang), P1(70% rumput lapang + 30% konsentrat) P2 (50% rumput lapang + 50% konsentrat) dan P3 (30% rumput lapang + 70% konsentrat) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan (3 x 4) yang dipelihara di kandang metabolis dengan model panggung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot badan pada masing-masing perlakuan sebesar 14,21 kg dengan tingkat keretan sebesar y = 0,147x + 13,71, dan koefisien determinasi sebesar 60,5%, lingkar dada (51,5) dengan koefisien determinasi y = 0,274x + 50,02, dan regresinya 74,9%, panjang badan (51,7)dengan koefisien determinasiy = 0,505x + 46,39, dan regresinya 98,7%,tinggi badan(53,7) dengan koefisien determinasiy = 0,418x + 51,44, dan regresinya 98,7%, dalam dada (20,3) dengan koefisien determinasi y = 0,414x + 17,99, dan regresinya85,7%, lebar dada (12,0)dengan koefisien determinasiy = 0,188x + 11,00 dan regresinya 94,7% dan tinggi pinggul (57,0) dengan koefisien determinasiy = 0,385x + 54,90dan regresinya 98,3%. dapat di simpulkan pola pertumbuhan kambing kacang jantan lepas sapih yang dipelihara intensif jika dilanjutkan perlakuan penelitian semakin lama maka semakin meningkat pertumbuhan dan ukuran – ukuran tubuh terhadap ternak.
Effects of 12 -week home - based aerobic exercise on insulin resistance and body composition among polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Ajith Ajith , Meera Meera
Published: January 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that is characterized by menstrual irregularity and elevated serum androgens, and is often accompanied by insulin resistance. Materials & Methods: In these 12- week prospective study included 86 patients diagnosed with PCOS, aged 24 to 32 years. Excercise are with choice of participants within aerobics. The pre and post assessment were taken to measure the fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR and body composition. Result: The HOMA-IR baseline was 1.24(±0.63) which decreased to 0.86(±0.36) after 12 weeks. The Body composition baseline BMI (kg/m2), Waist circumference, Waist Hip ratio, Neck circumference and Body fat percentage was 28.44 (±2.05), 82.56 (±3.43), 0.87 (±0.06), 32.16 (±2.57), and 37.79 (±3.15)  was significantly reduced to 27.49(±2.01), 81.16(±3.56), 0.86 (±0.07), 31.97 (±2.43) and 36.55 (±3.36)after the exercise programme (p<0.00001). In contrast, paired T-test analysis showed no such significant difference for variables Hip circumference when compared with the post test. Conclusion: The home-based aerobic exercise programme reduced HOMA-IR, and body composition. Although more research on the effects of aerobic exercises in PCOS is needed, these findings support aerobic exercise's effectiveness in reducing inflammation and enhancing insulin sensitivity in these patients.
Prospective evaluation of perioperative biochemical investigations to predict hypocalcemia after total or near total thyroidectomy
Authors: Farooque Mohammad , Narola Viraj , Prajapati Dixit , Patel Tushar
Published: January 2023

Hypocalcemia is one of the common complications after total thyroidectomy. In these patients, the serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium level decreases, and the phosphorus level increases. The level of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), a phosphaturic hormone, increases in the serum to normalize the serum phosphorus level. In our study, we aimed to investigate the predictive values of PTH, calcium, phosphorus, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (vitamin D), and FGF-23 tests in revealing patients who will develop hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy. Fifty-seven patients undergoing total thyroidectomy (fifty-two with multinodular goiter, three with Graves’ disease and two with papillary thyroid cancer) were included in this prospective study. Serum PTH, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels of the patients were measured preoperatively. Ten minutes after complete removal of the thyroid gland, intraoperative PTH (IOPTH) level was measured and the amount of decline in PTH level (PTH decline) was calculated. Postoperative PTH, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, and FGF-23 levels were measured 24 h after the operation. Postoperatively, hypocalcemia developed in 7(12.3%) of the 57 patients. IOPTH, postoperative PTH, calcium, and vitamin D levels were significantly lower and PTH decline was significantly higher in patients with postoperative hypocalcemia. Postoperative FGF-23 levels were similar between the groups (p 0.952).
Foreign Scholars Activities and their Impacts on Sustainable Tourism Development in Nairobi Metropolis, Kenya
Authors:   Kenyatta University, Bitok Jane Jebet , Ondigi Alice ,   Kenyatta University, Munyiri Esther ,   Kenyatta University
Published: January 2023

Foreign scholars move to international destinations and enroll in institutions for academic courses of study. The students form a promising niche’ market and is the third export earner in Australia. Africa is endowed with unique geographical features which attract the students who enroll in programs such as; eco-tourism, heritage tourism, rural/farm tourism and student exchanges between educational institutions. Africa recognizes educational tourism as a promising niche’ market segment to cushion out the fluctuating numbers of other market segments. The region receives about 14% foreign scholars yearly to add to those existing in their institutions of learning. Kenya receives 50,000 of the students distributed as 1% admissions to public universities and 12% to private universities, a constant 200,000 international students annually. The reasons why scholars from developed nations do not prioritize Africa should be investigated to increase Kenya’s market share. The study purposed to establish the tourist activities that are of interest to the scholars. The scholars from all over the globe join Kenya’s institutions of higher learning and throughout their course of study, they will be attached to attraction sites either as part of their study or as leisure activities. UNESCO supports travel of students to foreign destinations in order to enhance and promote culture and international understanding. International students visit several tourist attraction sites and can be classified as foreign or local tourists. Questionnaires were administered to the scholars, the heads of foreign student offices were subjected in-depth interviews while the communities offering tourism participated in focus group discussions. Only 29.7% (98) had involved themselves with various activities in the communities while a considerable number (65.2%) did not involve themselves in the activities within host communities. However, there was a significant relationship between tourists’ activity options and sustainable tourism development, the P-value 0.029 (P-value<0.05). When tourists’ activity options and economic impact were cross tabulated, no significant relationship was displayed because P-value is 0.301 (P-value>0.05). Majority 58.7% of the students were self-driven to the local communities. The study shows that most of the activities linked to educational trips are organized in relation to the products of tourism available within destinations. Keywords: International students, international destinations, local destinations, niche’ market, foreign scholars
Effect of Opportunity Recognition Competence on Youth Empowerment in Selected States in Northeast Nigeria
Authors:   Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, Adelaiye Olufunmilayo
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of opportunity recognition competence on youth empowerment in Bauchi, Gombe and Yobe states in Northeast, Nigeria. Some researches have reported that many youths in Northeast, Nigeria do not engage in entrepreneurship practice and are at the fore front of those carrying out most of the deadly attacks and committing social vices that have rocked the Northeast zone for many years. The population consisted of 1,694 indigenous youth from Bauchi, Gombe and Yobe states who participated in training at the skill upgrading and vocational training center from 2017-2021. A sample size of 322 was determined using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination table. Given the heterogeneity of the population for each state, Bowley’s sample allocation formula was applied for the determination of proportionate sample size for each state while stratified and simple random sampling techniques were adopted for selecting the study participants. The quantitative data were collected through standardized questionnaire adapted from previous related studies and analysed through descriptive statistics and path analysis. All measurement items on the adapted questionnaire were carefully reworded then subjected to the criticisms of experts in the field for content and face validity. The construct reliability and internal consistency of the instrument was determined through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Out of 322 copies of questionnaire administered, 305 representing 94.72 percent were returned. However, out of this number, only 289 copies of questionnaire representing 89.75% were correctly filled and thus suitable for data analysis. The results showed that opportunity recognition skill had a significant effect on youth empowerment (β=-0.307, P>.001) in selected states in the Northeast, Nigeria. The paper recommends that Northeast state governments of Bauchi, Gombe and Yobe and community leaders should engage in vigorous media literacy to mobilize greater youth participation in skill acquisition programmes and also establish well-funded vocational training centers along with industrial parks in each state. Successful indigenous entrepreneurs should be encouraged with tax holidays in exchange for providing apprenticeship training to interested indigenous youths over a stipulated time frame. Keywords: Opportunity recognition, Skill acquisition, Youth empowerment, Northeast Nigeria
KONSTRUKSI KERUKUNAN BERAGAMA PADA PLURALITAS MASYARAKAT DUSUN KERANING DALAM PENGARUSUTAMAAN MODERASI BERAGAMA
Authors: Julianingsih P. L. Eka M. , Widana I Nyoman Murba
Published: January 2023

This study aims to examine the factors that encourage the construction of religious harmony in the plurality space of the people of Dusun Keraning in the mainstreaming of religious moderation. This event is part of the community's awareness of accepting the differences that exist in people's lives. This study uses an interpretive qualitative type in order to find the factors that cause harmony in everyday life. The results of this study found that the harmony implemented by the people of Keraning Hamlet was based on an awareness of the existence of God Almighty as the creator of diversity that should be respected. Belief in the One and Only God in Pancasila, which has been made the basis of the state, is a guideline in building a culture of society that is tolerant and mutually respectful of existing differences so as to create a pattern of civilized social life. Harmony implemented by the community is characterized by a number of differences as a practice of religious moderation.
PENGARUH BLOG, YOUTUBE, DAN FACEBOOK TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN POKOK AJARAN HINDU MAHASISWA STAH NEGERI GDE PUDJA MATARAM
Authors: Laksana Putu Ari Satya , Wirawan I Wayan Ardhi , Purwanto Susilo Edi
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Blogs, Youtube, and Facebook on the basic understanding of Hinduism Teachings for college students of the Sekolah Tinggi Agama Hindu Negeri Gde Pudja Mataram, directly and indirectly through information satisfaction. The uses and effect mass communication theory was used to support the discussion in this study, which is a synthesis of the uses and gratifications theory and the traditional theory of effects. The population used in this study was 318 students and the sample used was 80 students. The data collection techniques were carried out by questionnaires and observations. The data analysis method used in this study is path analysis using SPSS program. The results showed that youtube and facebook effect the basic understanding of Hinduism teachings directly and indirectly through information satisfaction. While blogs do not affect the basic understanding of Hinduism teachings directly and indirectly through information satisfaction. The value of the total determination coefficient (R-square) obtained from this study is 0.951. This means that Blogs, Youtube, and Facebook effect on the basic understanding of Hinduism teachings by 95.1%, while the remaining 4.9% is influenced by other variables that is not included in this study
IMPLEMENTASI TRADISI BAADAT PADA RITUAL KEMATIAN MASYARAKAT HINDU KAHARINGAN DI KABUPATEN LAMANDAU
Authors: Dharmawan I Gusti Agung , Derson Derson
Published: January 2023

Culture is the whole complex which includes knowledge and belief, art, morals, law, customs, and habits acquired by humans as members of society. The Hindu Kaharingan community in Lamandau Regency has various kinds of religious rituals, including birth, marriage, and death. One thing that is very unique and there is a phenomenon to be studied in this research is that there is a tradition in the ritual of death called the Baadat tradition which is a tradition that can only be done by one family group who is Hindu Kaharingan only, and Baadat is only done when a family member died. This tradition is very unique in that it is a cultural hasanah or heritage from our ancestors which has a very high philosophical meaning when compared to other religious ritual traditions. Therefore, traditions like this must be preserved and maintained in their integrity even though they face various challenges and obstacles as a result of the impact of the influence on the entry of modern cultures that can change from the actual cultural order, especially in the Baadat tradition of death rituals.
Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow´s Bicentennial (1821-1902), the father of modern pathology and the terms neuroglia and myelin.
Authors: Santos Roberto Pereira , Gomes Marleide da Mota
Published: January 2023

Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow (1821-1902) is considered the father of modern pathology. He graduated in medicine in 1843 from the University of Berlin. In 1856 he became professor of Pathological Anatomy and director of the Institute of Pathology of the Charité. He began to study cells in living tissue, which led to the conception of cellular pathology.
He even presented erroneous positions such as opposing the contagion theory in favor of the miasma theory, but he was not limited to the microscope and extended to social problems and beyond. Thus, he was an anatomist, pathologist, epidemiologist, anthropologist, archaeologist, editor, professor, social reformer, and liberal politician.
 
Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow (1821-1902) é considerado o pai da patologia moderna. Licenciou-se em medicina em 1843, na Universidade de Berlim. Em 1856 tornou-se professor de Anatomia Patológica e director do Instituto de Anatomia Patológica da Caridade. Começou a estudar células em tecidos vivos, o que levou à concepção da patologia celular.
Apresentou mesmo posições erradas, tais como oposição à teoria do contágio em favor da teoria do miasma, mas não se limitou ao microscópio e estendeu-se a problemas sociais e não só. Assim, era um anatomista, patologista, epidemiologista, antropólogo, arqueólogo, editor, professor, reformador social, e político liberal.
Transizione ecologica integrale e discriminazioni religiose delle donne migranti nel Mediterraneo
Authors: Freni Fortunato
Published: January 2023

Integral ecological transition and religious discrimination of migrant women in the Mediterranean

SOMMARIO: 1. Ecologia integrale e parità di genere - 2. Flussi migratori nel Mediterraneo e discriminazioni religiose femminili - 3. Interventi europei di collaborazione interculturale nel Mare nostrum - 4. Verso un’unica polis euromediterranea?

ABSTRACT: In this essay it is hoped that the current development model will be overcome, because it is highly polluting and unfair from a socio-economic point of view, based as it is on competition and prevarication, the result of male hegemony in decision-making bodies and therefore discriminating for weaker and for women. These, on the other hand, must guide an integral ecological transition, because they are more inclined to the custody of creation and future generations, as well as to the improvement of the general living conditions of society, through sharing and dialogue, rather than with imposition and hard confrontation, as Pope Francis claims, in the encyclical Laudato si'. In particular, the ecological and social degradation caused by the androcentric system has increased the flows of migrants so-called environmental, which cross the Mediterranean Sea undergoing abuse and discrimination including religious ones. Above all, Muslim migrant women are more vulnerable also due to the misogynistic cultural heritage resulting from an erroneous and obsolete interpretation of the Koranic texts. Europe can be more involved in the fight against the negative consequences of climate change and discrimination against migrants, implementing policies inspired by sustainable development and intercultural solidarity, also with a view to fostering the ambitious and suggestive attempt to reach a integrated Euro-Mediterranean area.
The spatial ramifications of religion: new and traditional legal challenges
Authors: Vanoni Luca Pietro , Cesarini Andrea , Colombo Federico , Negri Alessandro , Pagotto Tania , Pavesi Greta , Ragone Giada
Published: January 2023

Papers presented at the panel "The spatial ramifications of religion: new and traditional legal challenges " held at the Annual Conference 2022 of EuARe (European Academy of Religion), which took place in Bologna from 20th to 23rd June 2022 and was organised by FSCIRE.
The Latvian State imposes autocephaly by law on the Orthodox Church in Latvia
Authors: Cimbalo Giovanni
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT: The article analyzes the recent Latvian Law by which the State unilaterally declares the autocephaly of the Latvian Orthodox Church. The latter was previously under the Patriarchate of Moscow and all Russias. In addition, the study illustrates the changes made to the Law of Latvia, on the legal status of this Church. Much emphasis is put on the violation of the principle of separation, enshrined in art. 99 of the Latvian Constitution, further addressing the tendency to change the ecclesiastical policy of the European Union as a result of the war in Ukraine.

SUMMARY: 1. The State proclaims by law the autocephaly of the Latvian Orthodox Church - 2. Birth and development of the Latvian Orthodox Church - 3. The Religious Freedom Law and its amendments - 4. The Law on the Latvian Orthodox Church and the amendments made by the Saeima in 2019-2022 - 5. State legislative intervention, separatism and the Constitution - 6. Separatism, secularism and neo-jurisdictionalism in the European Union.
Chiesa cattolica e abusi nella riforma del diritto penale canonico: il fascino ancora incerto del diritto secolare
Authors: Milani Daniela
Published: January 2023

The Catholic Church and abuses in the reform of canonical criminal law: the still uncertain appeal of secular law

ABSTRACT: Sanctioning clergy abuse without denying the soul of canonical criminal law is a challenge that the Catholic Church has been confronted with for two decades now, ever since John Paul II promulgated the Apostolic Letter Sacramentorum Sanctitatis Tutela in 2001 intending to combat this scourge. This process has recently resulted in the reform of Book VI of the Code of Canon Law. In investigating the new elements introduced by this reform, this contribution questions the relationship between canon law and secular criminal law.

SOMMARIO: 1. Sanzionare gli abusi senza rinnegare l’anima del diritto penale canonico - 2. Dagli scandali alla certezza della pena: nuovi principi a garanzia dell’effettività del diritto penale della Chiesa - 3. Le fattispecie: un’attenzione crescente per i diritti inviolabili della persona - 4. Sulla natura e la funzione dello ius Ecclesiae in dialogo con lo “ius civile”.
“A chiare lettere – Confronti” • Il sonno dell’argomentazione genera mostri (giuridici)
Authors: Dentilli Abramo
Published: January 2023

SOMMARIO: 1. Sempre a proposito dell’art. 7 d.p.r. n. 285 del 1990 - 2. Un recente caso locale - 3. Una nuova frontiera del “classico”? Citare un testo che non esiste - 4. Qualche precisazione in materia di circolari - 5. Conclusione.

The sleep of argumentation produces (legal) monsters

ABSTRACT: This writing is intended to reply to certain allegations concerning the burial of aborted foetuses in the absence of the mother’s consent. A recent local news case is also reported. In addition, some theoretical and practical aspects of the legal instrument of the circular are clarified.
Short Notes on the International Status of Sovereign Order of Malta under International Law. Functional Limits and Dependence upon the Holy See in the light of the New Constitution of 3 September 2022
Authors: Marti Federico
Published: January 2023

SUMMARY: 1. Introduction - 2. The SMOM self-qualification as full member of the international community: critical notes - 3. The nature and scope of the international legal subjectivity of SMOM - 4. The non-relevance of the canonical status and the relationship with the Holy See for the international subjectivity of SMOM - 5. Conclusions.

ABSTRACT: The presence of the Order of Malta (acronym SMOM) on the international scene, because of its singularity, has been the subject of debate and discussion among scholars of international law as well as canon law. In fact, the SMOM’s juridical subjection to the Holy See because of its nature as a Catholic Religious Institute is a critical point under the traditional international legal theory that seems to be inconsistent with the Order’s international subjectivity. The aim of this study is to point out that, using a broad and modern notion of international subjectivity, there is no incompatibility between the canonical nature of the Order of Malta and its membership in the international community.
La contraccezione di emergenza con Upristal acetato (EllaOne), farmaco da banco dispensabile senza obbligo di ricetta medica anche alle minorenni
Authors: Cembrani Fabio
Published: January 2023

Emergency contraception with EllaOne, an over-the-counter drug dispensed without a prescription

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Contraccezione di emergenza e libertà di coscienza: profili generali - 3. La determina del Direttore generale dell’AIFA dell’8 ottobre 2020 che ha eliminato l’obbligo della prescrizione medica per la dispensazione e vendita anche alle minorenni dell’Upristal acetato (EllaOne) - 4. Prima il TAR del Lazio e poi il Consiglio di Stato respingono il ricorso presentato da un gruppo di Associazioni impegnate nella difesa della vita ritenendo che l’azione di EllaOne sia quello di interferire l’ovulazione senza esercitare alcun effetto incapacitante l’annidamento dell’ovulo fecondato - 5. La contraccezione di emergenza esula davvero dal perimetro dell’atto medico? Una discutibilissima forzatura che spegne gli effetti del principio-guida del consenso informato quando la donna è minorenne - 6. Conclusioni.

ABSTRACT: The Author, starting from the decision of the Director General of AIFA of 8 October 2020 who liberalized the dispensation to the public of EllaOne, comments on the recent sentence of the Council of State which rejected the appeal presented by some associations for its annulment. And he criticizes the contents, highlighting the incompleteness of the scientific reconstruction regarding the effects of emergency hormonal contraceptives and the danger of the choice to alienate the dispensing of over-the-counter drugs from the general rules of health treatment. Especially in the case of minor women whose sexual and reproductive health requires not abandoning them but really taking charge of them without medicalising their choices.
Le scelte tragiche durante l’emergenza sanitaria: quando le risorse sono scarse, chi curare? Una riflessione comparatistica
Authors: Della Giustina Camilla , De Gioia Carabellese Pierre
Published: January 2023

The Tragic Choices during the Covid Health Emergency: When the Resources are Limited, Who Should be Cured First among Several Patients? A Comparative Law Analysis

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. L’approccio italiano: le raccomandazioni di etica clinica della SIAARTI e le linee guida SIAARTI-SIMLA - 3. La gestione della scarsità di risorse sanitarie a livello comparato - 4. Considerazioni (finali) comparatistiche - 5. Uno sguardo verso il futuro.

ABSTRACT: During the Covid-19 health emergency, a situation of scarcity of resources of different nature, albeit all somehow connected with the “medical world” (e.g. nurses and doctors), dramatically unfolded. This organisational “catch-22” induced the SIAARTI (the Italian Medical Society) to issue some recommendations of clinical ethics. The last ones turn out to be the subject matter of multiple criticisms: given the potential criteria of allocation of resources, one of those adopted the chronological one. Starting from this reflection, the paper discusses and analyses, from a comparative perspective, the approach taken by further countries: in this respect the demarcation lines existing between the Italian responses to the pandemic and those coming from other European - but not EU, namely Switzerland and the United Kingdom - countries will be highlighted.
Laicità
Authors: Pasquali Cerioli Jlia
Published: January 2023

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa: la laicità giuridica - 2. L’enunciazione - 3. La definizione - 4. La riscrittura.

Abstract: In his brilliant work on «La laicità penale alla sfida del "secolo delle paure"» Carlo Enrico Paliero highlighted the distance between positive legal systems and a supposed (ideal-typical) archetype of 'laicità', of which the single legal system represents a "mestizo" model. The iconic image restores the complexity of any definitional challenge on 'laicità'. Law, unfolding as a practical science, has gradually managed to circumvent the obstacle through a process of empirical signification, derived, at times, from concrete needs. Therefore, it would be improper, if not arbitrary, to attempt to offer a contribution on legal 'laicità' in disregard of the events that have characterized its absence from the text of the Charter and the demands of ordinal self-protection that have determined, instead, the subsequent 'unveiling' or 'creation' of the unexpressed principle.
Terzo Settore ed Amministrazione condivisa: profili sostanziali e processuali
Authors: Gaspari Francesco
Published: January 2023

Il lavoro esamina la nozione di amministrazione condivisa, intesa come coesercizio della funzione amministrativa tra Pubblica amministrazione e privato. In particolare, lo scritto analizza la disciplina contenuta nell’articolo 55 del Codice del Terzo settore del 2017, dedicato ai rapporti tra le Pubbliche amministrazioni e il Terzo settore. Tale rapporto ha costituito oggetto di notevoli studi in letteratura e di importanti pronunce (anche della Corte costituzionale), ma gli argomenti posti a fondamento delle tesi sostenute non sempre appaiono convincenti. Lo studio analizza, infine, le conseguenze dell’amministrazione condivisa sul piano processuale.
Il ruolo del Terzo Settore nella tutela dell'ambiente e nella transizione energetica. Esperienze europee a confronto
Authors: Petteruti Carmine
Published: January 2023

La riforma del Titolo V della Costituzione e l’introduzione del principio di sussidiarietà hanno consolidato il ruolo del Terzo settore nell’ordinamento italiano. Il Terzo settore, collocandosi sul piano della sussidiarietà orizzontale, assume una rilevanza politica nella società civile come occasione di partecipazione. Anche nel recente Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza al Terzo settore viene attribuito un ruolo di rilievo. A questo proposito è interessante verificare quali sono gli sbocchi più recenti del Terzo settore specialmente per la tutela dell’ambiente e dell’energia. A questo proposito, la partecipazione del Terzo settore alla costituzione delle comunità energetiche merita un approfondimento non solo nell’ordinamento italiano ma anche in altri ordinamenti europei.
Le Fondazioni nel Terzo Settore
Authors: Saporito Antonio
Published: January 2023

Il saggio analizza l'istituto fondazionale utilizzato da numerosi enti, pubblici e privati, anche alla luce delle recenti sentenze della Corte costituzionale sul Terzo settore
Introduzione al dossier - Il terzo settore e la sua trascendentale settorialità: per una amministrazione condivisa
Authors: Mitrotti Antonio
Published: January 2023

Il Terzo Settore è terzo rispetto a chi? Oppure a che cosa? Ad onor del vero è del tutto intuibile come questi termini alludano (con più o meno consapevolezza) ad una cronica convenzione tacita - seppur cogente - per l’opinione pubblica, secondo cui il Terzo Settore è tale, fenomenologicamente, in quanto esistente rispetto ad altri due settori: ossia il settore pubblico e quello privato, lasciando (per altro) irresolutamente sullo sfondo l’importante nodo concettuale su a chi spetti, in quest’ottica, la posizione di primarietà e/o di secondarietà. A ben riflettere, calandosi in questa cronica dimensione prospettica il Terzo Settore verrebbe a basarsi su di un’idea di alterità soggettiva rispetto ad altri settori (o materie). Ed invece, se ci ragionassimo, la ratio existendi del Terzo Settore nell’ordinamento della Repubblica italiana è tutt’altra: nascendo dal presupposto di un’idea del netto superamento dell’alterità soggettiva e settoriale, per svilupparsi - cioè - sui binari di una sostanziale condivisione, fino al punto di una (fitta) integrazione e di un effettivo superamento delle soggettività, in ragione dell’oggettivo interesse generale
La Nave della legalità: gli effetti negli istituti scolastici del Centro Italia
Authors: Desnica Dusan
Published: January 2023

Il presente articolo ha l’obiettivo di analizzare gli effetti dell’esperienza della “Nave della legalità” sulla mobilitazione scolastica nelle regioni del Centro Italia. In particolare, l’intento è di restituire, in una prima parte, il valore di questa iniziativa attraverso le storie degli insegnanti e degli istituti scolastici più attivi e impegnati sul versante dell’educazione alla legalità; in una seconda parte mettere in luce il lascito che l’esperienza della “Nave della legalità” ha prodotto negli studenti e nelle studentesse che hanno partecipato al viaggio.
40 anni di 416-bis. Alle origini della Legge Rognoni-La Torre: genesi e testi fondativi
Authors: Dovizio Ciro
Published: January 2023

A 40 anni di distanza dalla legge Rognoni-La Torre, si propone una riflessione sul contesto storico-politico in cui la legge si inserì, sulle sollecitazioni che portarono alla sua approvazione, sul suo significato storico e sugli aspetti di continuità tra contrasto alla mafia e contrasto al terrorismo. Particolare attenzione è dedicata alla dialettica politica e alle sue ricadute sul provvedimento. L'intento è quello di introdurre il lettore all'analisi dei testi fondativi della legge riportati di seguito.