bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional nanoparticles for targeted delivery of apoptin plasmid in cancer treatment
Authors: He Zhuanxia , Bao Ke , Zhang Jiawei , Ju Dandan , Luo Mingyan , Liu Liyan , Gao Xiujun
Published: April 2022

The systemic toxicity and low efficacy of traditional chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) result in poor clinical outcomes. This study was designed to achieve targeted delivery of apoptin plasmid (AP) to liver tumors and killing of cancer cells using multifunctional nanoparticles (MFNPs) having sustained-release properties. The MFNPs featuring a distinct core-shell structure were prepared using poly(lactic-glycolic acid)-ε-polylysine copolymer and loaded with AP by adsorption. Specific targeting of liver tumor cells was achieved by biotinylation of the nanoparticles (NPs), while an improvement in lysosomal escape and nuclear localization enhanced the tumor cell killing capability of AP. Blank MFNPs exhibited good biocompatibility while AP-loaded NPs were found to exert strong inhibitory effects on both tumor cells in vitro and solid tumors in vivo. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a promising route for the development of tumor-targeted NPs which may lead to improved therapeutic strategies for treating HCC.
Development of a risk-stratification scoring system for predicting risk of breast cancer based on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease, and uric acid
Authors: Hong Chuntian , Yan Yonghao , Su Liyang , Chen Debo , Zhang Changqing
Published: April 2022

Many breast cancer patients have both non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD). Consequently, we hypothesized that NAFPD and NAFLD were associated with breast cancer, and aimed to build a novel risk-stratification scoring system based on it. In this study, a total of 961 patients with breast cancer and 1,006 non-cancer patients were recruited. The clinical characteristics were collected and analyzed using logistic analysis. Risk factors were assessed by a risk rating system. Univariate analysis showed that body mass index, triglyceride, total cholesterol, NAFLD, NAFPD, low-density lipoprotein, and uric acid (UA) were significantly related to breast cancer. Among them, NAFLD, NAFPD, and UA were independent risk factors related to breast cancer identified by multivariate analysis. The risk assessment model was established based on these factors and demonstrated that the odds ratio sharply increased with the rising scores. Compared with the low-risk group, the odds ratio in the intermediate- and high-risk groups were 1.662 (1.380–2.001) and 3.185 (2.145–4.728), respectively. In conclusion, the risk-stratification scoring system combining NAFLD, NAFPD, and UA can accurately predict the occurrence of breast cancer.
Problems and Countermeasures of Sharing Ideas of the Effectiveness of Ideological and Political Course Teaching in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Creative Education
Authors: Wang Leifeng , Liu Weiwei
Published: April 2022

With the advancement of information technology, innovation health education has achieved unprecedented growth and has fully penetrated into the ideological and political health education research. The purpose of this article is to analyze the sharing concept of the effectiveness of ideological and political teaching in colleges and universities from the perspective of innovative education and how to take effective measures to seize the opportunity of innovative education, maximize the use of favorable conditions, reduce adverse effects, and improve efficiency in colleges and universities teaching reform of ideological and political courses. This research is based on the perspective of innovative education and focuses on the common concept of the effectiveness of ideological and political education. Through literature analysis, systematic research, multidisciplinary integrated research, and analytic hierarchy, the effectiveness of the teaching of ideological and political courses in universities focuses on the issue of shared ideas for research. A series of effective measures are put forward to address the issue of shared ideas about the effectiveness of university politics course teaching. The experimental results of this research show that the actual effect of university ideology and political theory courses is through the establishment of a practical teaching level model of ideological and political theory courses in universities, and it exists in the effectiveness of current political courses. Forms (60.2 %) accounted for the largest proportion, followed by unsatisfactory practical effects (40.5 %), and the least problematic was the irregular organization of practical teaching (22.6 %). Therefore, in the perspective of innovative education, we should strengthen the ideological and political theory teaching in colleges and universities to share the concept of development and improve the effectiveness of teaching. In addition, colleges and universities should pay attention to “shared culture,” realize shared culture, strengthen the combination of the two in ideological and political education, improve the students’ shared culture system, promote the vigorous development of socialist culture, so as to achieve a harmonious society.
The Animal Origin of Major Human Infectious Diseases: What Can Past Epidemics Teach Us About Preventing the Next Pandemic?
Authors: Dharmarajan Guha , Li Ruiyun , Chanda Emmanuel , Dean Katharine R. , Dirzo Rodolfo , Jakobsen Kjetill S. , Khan Imroze , Leirs Herwig , Shi Zheng-Li , Wolfe Nathan D. , Yang Ruifu , Stenseth Nils Chr.
Published: April 2022

Emerging infectious diseases are one of the greatest public health challenges. Approximately three-quarters of these diseases are of animal origin. These diseases include classical zoonoses maintained in humans only via transmission from other vertebrates (e.g., rabies) and those initiated by a successful one-off zoonotic event (host-switch) in conjunction with efficient human-to-human transmission (e.g., H1N1 influenza). Here, we provide a systematic review, in conjunction with a meta-analysis and spatial risk modeling, to identify the major characteristics of past epidemics of animal origin and predict areas with high future disease emergence risk. Countermeasures against future pandemics of animal origin must focus on several key mechanisms. First, the eco-epidemiological contexts favoring spillover events must be clearly establish. Second, pathogen surveillance must be scaled up, particularly in taxa and/or eco-geographic areas with high disease emergence risk. Third, successful spillover risk must be mitigated through proactive strategies to interrupt animal-to-human transmission chains. Fourth, to decrease epidemic potential and prevent epidemics from becoming pandemics, improved source identification and real-time spatial tracking of diseases are crucial. Finally, because pandemics do not respect international borders, enhancing international collaboration is critical to improving preparedness and response.
Changes in soil characteristics and estimated cost on reclamation of former sand mining land
Authors: Fauzan Muhammad Nur , Dwiastuti Rini , Sujarwo Sujarwo , Kurniawan Syahrul
Published: April 2022

The utilization of natural resources in recent decades is not accompanied by proper and effective management. This has a major impact on environmental degradation in watershed scale and climate change. The study aimed to evaluate changes in soil characteristics at various ages of sand mining and the cost of reclamation of environmental degradation due to sand mining activities. The study was conducted in Sumberbulu Micro Watershed, which is located in Wajak Sub-District, Malang Regency. Soil sampling was collected from un-mined, 2 to 6 years old sand mining and post-mining lands. Natural resource equivalency analysis (REA) was applied for environmental damage assessment and reclamation cost calculation required to restore natural resource services to their original condition. The findings show that sand mining activities significantly decreased soil organic C in 0-40 cm soil depth, resulting in increased soil bulk density and decreased soil porosity at 20-40 cm depth of soil. Sand mining activities by using truck traffic carrying mining products, soil erosion, and the removal of topsoil during mining activities determined changes in soil properties. REA shows that the total area of land that must be reclaimed is 21,487 ha. The land will be reclaimed by revegetation (with maize) to restore the lost function of environmental services and income of local farmers, assuming a reclamation cost of 36,767,500 IDR/ha. Therefore, post-mining land reclamation should be encouraged by the government for mining business actors in Indonesia so that the land can be reused as before.
Evaluating the changes of Ultisol chemical properties and fertility characteristics due to animal manure amelioration
Authors: Pulunggono Heru Bagus , Kartika Vira Widya , Nadalia Desi , Nurazizah Lina Lathifah , Zulfajrin Moh
Published: April 2022

Amending Ultisols using organic matter encourages a paramount improvement in its chemistry and fertility characteristics. This study was aimed to evaluate the changes in soil chemical properties due to the animal manure amelioration in Ultisol in the Jasinga, Bogor, West Java, using classical and advanced statistical methods. Composite soil samples were collected then incubated with three types of animal manure (cow, chicken, and goat) and four rate levels (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5% of dry weight). The dynamics of eleven soil variables (pH, organic C, total N, cation exchange complex/CEC, base saturation/BS, and exchangeable Al, H, Ca, Mg, K, and Na) were observed four times (0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks). Basic cation saturation ratio/BCSR and sufficiency level of available nutrients/SLAN soil fertility approaches were applied. Modeling comparison was done among multiple linear regression/MLR, machine learning/ML (tree regression/TR, random forest/RF, gradient boosting machine/GBM), and deep learning/DL (multilayer perceptron/MLP). Most of the soil chemical and fertility parameters exhibited strong relation among three applied factors. Generally, their values failed to reach the BCSR’s ideal soil and national SLAN’s sufficiency criteria; oppositely, they were categorized as sufficient based on the global SLAN approach. Multivariate analysis revealed the similarity among manure type and rate, whereas incubation time showed the opposite trend. MLR usage was convenient in modeling BS, pH H2O, and Al saturation. Meanwhile, CEC modeling requires more sophisticated methods. This study highlighted the possible improvement of Ultisol chemical properties and fertility characteristics by amending it with a higher rate and low C/N ratio of animal manure, and using ML to capture non-linear relationships in soil.
Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs against the Resistance Level of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates
Authors: Sutanto Yusup Subagio , Sutanto Magdalena Sutanto , Harti Agnes Sri
Published: April 2022

Prolonged MDR-TB therapy can have side effects, namely a correlation between cure rates and changes in bacterial profiles related to resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD) which can affect the incidence rate of MTB and MDR-TB in a region. The research objective was to analyze the effectiveness of the type of ATD against the resistance level of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates with the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and MDR-TB. The research method used was a retrospective cohort based on tracing medical record data at the Surakarta City Center General Hospital 2016 until 2017 with total sampling. The independent variable of this study was the type of ATD, while the dependent variable was the resistance level of MTB isolates. The characteristics of the most patient respondent suspect TB were male with the level of resistance of MTB isolates to ATD relatively varied. The results of the analysis of different tests showed a p value of 0.000 so that the p value was 0.05, so there was an effect of the type of ATD (Strepttomycin, Isoniazid, Rifampicin and Ethambutol) on the resistance of TB isolates from patients with suspected TB. This is useful to determine the success of TB therapy in terms of mortality and the effectiveness of therapy in TB patients.
Wet Cupping Therapy to The Arterial Baroreflex Sensitivity on Hypertensive Elderly
Authors: Fadli Fadli , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: April 2022

Wet cupping therapy can remove toxins and prevent atherosclerosis. This process will stimulate the sensitivity of the arterial baroreflex which will stimulate a decrease in blood pressure. This is to determine the impact of cupping therapy on the sensitivity of arterial baroreflex with blood pressure indicators in the elderly suffering from hypertension. Quasi-experimental research using pre and post-test and group control design approaches. The sampling technique was simple random sampling, consisting of 21 respondents which was carried out from January to April 2020. The statistics used the General Linear Model Repeated Measures (GLM-RM) test. There was a significant difference between the sensitivity of arterial baroreflex on blood pressure measurement indicators before and after 2 weeks of follow-up period at systolic BP p-value = 0.000 (24.29 ± 8.11 mmHg) and diastolic BP p-value = 0.001 (5.24 ± 6.02); between 2 weeks and 4 weeks at systolic BP p-value = 0.000 (10.95 ± 6.25 mmHg) and diastolic BP p-value = 0.000 (9.05 ± 6.25 mmHg); Between 4 weeks and 6 weeks there was no significant difference in the sensitivity of arterial baroreflex on the measurement indicator systolic BP p-value = 0.267 (-1.43 ± 5.73) and BP diastole p-value = 0.771 (-0.48 ± 7.40). Wet cupping therapy effectively increases the sensitivity of arterial baroreflex with an indicator of decreasing blood pressure in the elderly suffering from hypertension to a limit of 4 weeks after therapy and measurement after 6 weeks of having increased blood pressure.
Dynamic System Model of the Role of Leadership Coaching on Employee Performance
Authors: Hartono Budi , Darmawansyah Muhamad Erman , Bedy Saskito Dinda Iryawati
Published: April 2022

Jakarta Cempaka Putih Islamic Hospital (RSI) experienced a decline in performance. Judging from the 2013 Bed Occupancy Rate (BOR) of 70.59%, it then dropped to 44.12% in 2016. Efforts to improve employee performance by coaching have been carried out, but not comprehensively in each Hospital unit. The study aims to look at the role of leadership coaching with a dynamic system model on employee performance at the Jakarta Cempaka Putih Hospital. Besides that, it is also to find out the role of inspirators, facilitators, motivators, as well as the pattern of system behavior characteristics between the role of leadership coaching on employee performance. Analytical research using quantitative methods with explanatory research design. The research sample was 86 taken by accidental sampling technique from the population of inpatient staff and medical support in May 2018. Data processing techniques were carried out in stages including univariate analysis, bivariate Chi-Square, multivariate logistic regression, and dynamic system models of causal loop diagrams formulated to the flow diagram. The instrument used in the form of a questionnaire. In general, the test results showed the influence of the role of leadership coaching on employee performance. Specifically, it shows the influence of the role of leadership coaching as an inspiration, facilitator, and motivator on employee performance. Then the pattern of system behavior characteristics for the next 10 years is in the form of exponential growth and in the next 20 years in the form of S-Shaped growth. Likewise, the behavior pattern of the coaching leadership system role for the next 10 years in the form of exponential growth. The leadership coaching role was found to have an effect on improving employee performance.
Rice Bran Substitution to Vitabran as A Snackyfication Trend Model and Diabetes Mellitus Prevention
Authors: Handayani Oktia Woro Kasmini , Kurnia Arif Rahmat , Fathonah Siti
Published: April 2022

Snackyfication is a trend where snacks as a substitute for staple food are more efficient. On the other hand, the Diabetes Mellitus case increases, and it is related to unhealthy foods, so there is a need for healthy foods on the market. The research objective was to find which product formula would be recommended as Vitabran. Vitabran is made from rice bran, while additional ingredients are yellow sweet potato pulp, cornstarch, soy milk, flour, eggs, honey, baking powder, margarine, and oats. The formula tested consists of 2 variations of bran content (20% and 30%). The product was made of biscuits in the form of bars. The tests consisted of 1) organoleptic test 2) hedonic test. 3) proximate test and 4) Glycemic Index test. The final result of functional food substitution is a synergistic effect of the functional substances contained therein.
Psychosocial Distress in Chronic Disease Patients in Salatiga
Authors: Muninggar Jodelin , Sudarmi Sudarmi , Setyaningrum Juli
Published: April 2022

Patients of hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), and mixed (DM-HT) have a vulnerability to stress due to illness and psychosocial responses. Research aimed to identify psychosocial distress, the components, and their relationship to levels of GDP, systole/diastole, and cholesterol in three groups. The quantitative survey research was designed for 42 people, with purposive sampling at the Manunggal Clinic. The collection of psychosocial distress data was by a standard questionnaire. While systole/diastole, GDP, and cholesterol levels with an examination in the laboratory, in April-May 2018. Analysis with ANOVA and Pearson test, α0.05. Shows sufferers have low distress, moderate distress, and high distress. The average score of emotional component (3.2), chronic disease management difficulties (3.2), difficulties with doctors (3.0), and difficulties with friends/people around (2.6). ANOVA test showed no significant difference in psychosocial distress scores (p=0,079). The Pearson test showed a weak correlation between psychosocial distress and systole; diastole; GDP and cholesterol. Conclusion: Psychosocial distress of chronic disease sufferers in Salatiga is included in the category of moderate and high. The highest score on the emotional burden component and the difficulty of chronic disease management. There were no significant differences in psychosocial distress scores, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and cholesterol in the three groups.
Evaluation of the Implementation of Exclusive Breastfeeding Policy at Work in the Private Sector
Authors: Dina Resa Ana , Yudha Eka Purna , Pangestuti Dina Rahayuning , Kustanti Erin Ratna
Published: April 2022

Giving exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia, especially in the workplace is still not optimal. Data from Indonesia’s Health Profile in 2016 shows that exclusive breastfeeding coverage for 6 months is 54%. Methods of this research used The Important Performance Analysis (IPA) analysis tool is used to determine the stakeholder satisfaction assessment of female worker respondents regarding the implementation of exclusive breastfeeding in the private sector. This research was conducted at selected private companies in the City and District of Semarang. Primary data were obtained from in-depth interviews with company management and filling in questionnaires by female workers. Based on the analysis of Important Performance Analysis (IPA), the assessment of workers’ attitudes towards the performance of service corner in companies/private sectors is quite good (ordinary) with a value of 63 (out of a maximum value of 102). This research concludes that the workers want the location of the breastfeeding corner close to where they work and sufficient time to express milk. Women workers also want to prepare basic infrastructure such as pumping equipment, storage bottles and refrigerators to store milking milk.
Dynamics of Contraception Use in Indonesia Based on Service Sources at Health Facilities
Authors: Ekoriano Mario , Ardiana Irma , Rahmadhony Aditya
Published: April 2022

The current use of contraception is dominated by short term methods with a one month drop out rate for contraception pills and injections that contribute 30.6 percent and 46.3 percent, respectively, for women aged 15-49. The high use of short term contraceptives can result in gaps for acceptors to stop using contraception. The analysis aims to investigate switching behaviour among contraceptive users by different source of health facilities both for modern and traditional methods and the analysis also intends to identify sociodemographic factors characterizing switchers. This analysis resulted in four models of sociodemographic factors and their relationship with the possibility of transferring to another contraceptive method which were analyzed using logistic regression in each unit of analysis based on the source of the health facility. Short term contraception is still the favorite, namely injections (50.5 percent) and pills (19.1 percent) are still the main choice for couple of childbearing age. Around 61.2 percent of acceptors who use injectable contraception survive compared to other contraception use in private and community based health facilities. The pattern of family planning use in health facilities in the government sector is at least able to intervene in acceptors in the use of long term contraception which effectively has a lower dropout rate than the dropout rate for short term contraceptives.
Adherence to Taking ARV Drugs in Adolescents with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Nuraidah Nuraidah , Wanda Dessie
Published: April 2022

Adherence on taking ARV drugs in adolescents is the main issue in the success of ARV treatment. ARV treatment is related to improving the quality of life in adolescents infected with HIV. Aim: To summarize the factors improving adherence on HIV medication using ARV drugs in adolescents. Method: This article is a review of journal articles related to adherence on taking ARV drugs. Article reviewed were the articles on the past five years, 2015-2019, with a search strategy involving the articles from the following database including Science Direct, Scopus and ProQuest databases. Results: 12 articles related to adherence on ARV medication in adolescents. Conclusion: adherence is a significant aspect that must be maintained in order to overcome the impact of non-compliance on ARV medication as it can affect the quality of life of adolescents with HIV / AIDS.
Understanding Perinatal Mortality Causes in Indramayu Indonesia
Authors: Sukriani Wahidah , Hilmanto Dany , Susanto Herman
Published: April 2022

Perinatal mortality is a useful indicator for assessing pregnancy and delivery care. Indramayu was the fourth-highest perinatal mortality in West Java province in 2015. The cause of death can be prevented from several factors including health workers, patients, referrals, and the availability of healthcare facilities. This study aimed to analyze the causes of perinatal mortality in Indramayu. The Study found 375 perinatal deaths but only 296 cases have documents according to the inclusion criteria. Statistical analysis showed there was an association between maternal disease and referral delays with preventable perinatal mortality (p≤0.05). Maternal disease in Indramayu cannot early be detected due to the lack of antenatal care services and behavioral factors on choosing a helper contributed to referral delays. It is necessary to improve the quality of antenatal care services by doing minimum standard of antenatal care for early detection of maternal disease and improving health promotion about danger sign of pregnancy and choosing birth attendants to reduce referral delays.
Is Prenatal Exercise with Prayer Movement Affecting Anxiety Level and Blood Pressure in Third Trimester?
Authors: Meiranny Arum , Rahmawati Alfiah , Arisanti Atika Zahria
Published: April 2022

Pregnancy is an important experience in a woman’s life. However, these can cause anxiety. Midwives as a companion must be able to reduce it. In addition, the normality of blood pressure is also influential on the welfare of pregnant and fetuses. One way applied to decrease anxiety and normalize blood pressure is through prenatal exercises. This study aims to determine the prenatal exercise effectiveness with Muslim prayer movement on anxiety and blood pressure in the third trimester in the Independent Practice of Midwives in Karangroto Semarang. This type of research is Quasi-Experiment research with a non-equivalent control group design. Respondents numbered 40 people divided into intervention and control groups. This research took time at the Independent Midwife Practices in October-November 2019. The results showed an effect of the pregnancy exercise movement of prayer on the anxiety and blood pressure of third-trimester pregnant women (p 0.05). This research concludes the effectiveness of prenatal exercise with Muslim prayer movement on anxiety level and blood pressure in the third trimester.
Metabolic Risk Factors with Stroke Among Indonesians
Authors: Nissa Eldha An , Sari Indah Purnama
Published: April 2022

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death. It is not only in the world but also in Indonesia. Various factors that trigger the incidence of stroke are known as metabolic risk factors. This study aims to determine the risk of stroke caused by one or more metabolic risk factors. This study used a retrospective cohort design from secondary data from the 2007 and 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). The population was the population aged 15 years and over. The sample was the population who did not experience a stroke in 2007 as many as 7,707 people. The sampling technique used was multistage random sampling. The results showed that as much as 1.8% of Indonesia’s population aged at least 15 years had a stroke. People with three metabolic risk factors had a 39.9 times higher risk of having a stroke than people without metabolic risk factors (95% CI: 29.3-54.4) after controlling for age, sex, and physical activity. Hypertension was a metabolic risk factor with the greatest risk for having a stroke. Therefore, preventive practices such as controlling and monitoring blood pressure, blood glucose levels and body weight can be carried out through regulating food consumption and engaging in regular physical activity.
Childhood Sexuality Education: An Inducer of Traditional Sexual Orientation
Authors: Fuld Regan
Published: April 2022

Sufficient sexuality education, counseling, and intervention can accurately determine traditional sexual orientation. As a result, people are less likely to be misunderstood and criticized later in life due to their sexual orientation. Educating young people about sexuality is important for many social and practical reasons. Early sex education is required to help young people create the right gender ideas and acquire the traditional correct sexual orientation. The direction of children’s sexual education has become vital. Nobody denies the existence of LGBTQ people, but we do not actively promote it, especially among kids. Society’s traditional familial roots will be damaged if an orientation deviates from norms.
How to Achieve True Childhood Sexuality Education?
Authors: Mills Julia K.
Published: April 2022

Adolescent students are frequently perplexed and distressed when confronted with changes in their own physiology and psychology. This requires parents and schools to provide timely guidance and education to assist them in overcoming their growing pains, enhancing students’ self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-protection, and assisting children in developing self-management skills during adolescence. Sexuality education in real time has incalculable practical implications for guiding children’s own gender identity and formation of traditional sexual orientation.
Actor Engagement in Business Model Innovation - The Role of Experimentation in New Ventures' Business Model Design
Authors: Roth Stefan , Mentges Sophie , Robbert Thomas
Published: April 2022

This study emphasizes the interplay between thought experimentation (Felin and Zenger 2009) and actor engagement (Brodie et al. 2019) in the pre-seed phase of the business model design process for new ventures (Snihur and Zott 2020). The review on entrepreneurial learning and action revealed that, while the experiential learning benefits of experimentation are largely undisputed, we know little about cognition and thought experimentation in business model innovation. This aspect, however, is crucial to new ventures, which are particularly vulnerable to uncertainty and financial constraints. Experimentation needs to be considered at a more profound level of analysis. This study draws on qualitative interviews with founders to uncover three forms of thought experimentation: purposeful interactions, incidental interactions, and theorising. We perceive thought experimentation as a process by which entrepreneurs cognitively and through interactions with other actors, evaluate their business model. The study also specifies six roles of engagement behaviour, including teaching, supporting, mobilising, co-developing, sharing, and signalling, by which actors influence the three forms of thought experimentation.
Una Solución Tecnológica para Personas con Discapacidad Intelectual en Situaciones de Emergencia
Authors: Molero-Aranda Tania , Lázaro-Cantabrana José Luis , Gisbert Cervera Mercè
Published: April 2022

Las tecnologías digitales brindan numerosas oportunidades para la intervención con personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI). A pesar de ello, algunas personas con DI no pueden aprovechar su potencial y hacer uso de estas, como tecnologías de asistencia, para pedir ayuda en situaciones de emergencia. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar el proceso de diseño y validación del contenido de una aplicación para dispositivos móviles y una página web, para facilitar la atención de las personas con DI por parte de los cuerpos de seguridad y emergencias. Su elaboración ha pasado por dos fases bien diferenciadas: revisión y análisis de la literatura científica y documental, y juicio de expertos mediante el método Delphi. En este participaron expertos (n=26) de diferentes perfiles seleccionados mediante el cálculo del coeficiente de competencia experta (Coeficiente K), quienes valoraron los productos en base a los criterios de claridad, pertinencia y satisfacción. Los resultados han sido satisfactorios y han permitido perfilar las definiciones de algunos de los apartados de la aplicación y ampliar la web, añadiendo un catálogo de pictogramas que ofrece la opción de poder personalizar los mensajes y las historias sociales que contiene, así como facilitar los procesos de comunicación y aprendizaje
Potencjał antybiofilmowy szczepów probiotycznych
Authors: Dudek-Wicher Ruth , Paleczny Justyna , Bartoszewicz Marzenna
Published: April 2022

Oporność drobnoustrojów na środki przeciwdrobnoustrojowe jest ściśle związana ze zdolnością patogenów do tworzenia wysoce usieciowanej struktury biofilmowej. W poszukiwaniu nowych substancji o działaniu przeciwbiofilmowym jedną z rozważanych opcji terapeutycznych są probiotyki. Szczepy probiotyczne z rodzaju Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Streptococcus spp., Lactococcus spp. oraz Leuconostoc spp. wykazują wiele mechanizmów, które nie tylko zwalczają dojrzały biofilm tworzony przez bakterie Gram-dodatnie, Gram-ujemne czy grzyby drożdżopodobne, ale także mają zdolność do zapobiegania jego tworzeniu. Ponadto wyekstrahowane z płynnych hodowli metabolity, produkowane przez szczepy probiotyczne, uszkadzają strukturę biofilmu i przyczyniają się do zmniejszenia żywotności drobnoustrojów. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono przegląd najnowszych doniesień naukowych dotyczących przeciwbiofilmowych właściwości probiotyków i produktów ich metabolizmu oraz możliwości ich wykorzystania w terapii zakażeń.
Diagnostyka COVID-19 w praktyce klinicznej
Authors: Kaczmarek Marcin , Słonka Justyna
Published: April 2022

COVID-19 pozostaje wiodącym zagrożeniem epidemicznym dla populacji światowej. Złotym standardem rozpoznawania choroby jest bezpośrednie wykrywanie RNA wirusa w próbkach, spośród których największe znaczenie kliniczne mają wymazy z nosogardzieli. Dodatkowo możliwe jest wykrywanie antygenów wirusa, których obecność w lepszym stopniu koreluje z okresem zakaźności, niż obecność RNA w teście PCR. Ponadto możliwe jest wykrywanie swoistych przeciwciał w klasach IgA, IgM oraz IgG, jednak testy serologiczne nie służą rozpoznawaniu wczesnego, aktywnego zakażenia. Duże nadzieje wiąże się z rozwojem testów typu Point-of-Care, które dadzą możliwość testowania poza placówkami medycznymi.
Гамма- та нейтринне випромінювання скупчення галактик Волосся Вероніки (A1656)
Authors: Hnatyk R.B. , Voitsekhovskyi V.V.
Published: April 2022

Скупчення галактик (СГ) є найбiльшими i наймасивнiшими гравiтацiйно зв’язаними об’єктами у великомасштабнiй структурi Всесвiту. Через значнi (порядку кеВ) температури вiрiалiзованого газу у внутрiшньокластерному середовищi (ВКС) та наявнiсть космiчних променiв (КП) СГ є ефективними джерелами теплового рентгенiвського та нетеплового лептонного (синхротронного) випромiнювання. Прискоренi КП акумулюються в СГ, оскiльки час дифузiйного виходу КП iз СГ перевищує вiк Всесвiту. Однак нетеплове адронне гамма-випромiнювання (головно, через протон-протоннi зiткнення КП з тепловими протонами плазми ВКС та наступнi розпади нейтральних пiонiв) вiд СГ ще не було надiйно задетектоване. В цiй роботi ми моделюємо очiкуване нетеплове адронне гамма-випромiнювання та потiк нейтрино вiд СГ Волосся Веронiки (Coma cluster, А1656) та оцiнюємо перспективи реєстрацiї цього випромiнювання iснуючими (Fermi-LAT, LHAASO, IceCube) та запланованими наземними (CTA, IceCube-Gen2) детекторами.
Emergency Visits for Autistic Children and Children With ADHD
Authors: Schott Whitney , Tao Sha , Shea Lindsay
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Autistic children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have more frequent visits to the emergency department (ED). We aim to identify the primary reasons for ED visits among autistic children and children with ADHD, compared to a random sample of visits.

METHODS

Using 2008 to 2017 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample data, we assessed the most frequent primary diagnoses for ED visits among children (ages 3–12 and 13–18 years, separately) (1) with an autism diagnosis, (2) with ADHD, and (3) a random sample (1 000 000 visits). We regressed primary reasons for visits on autism or ADHD diagnosis, controlling for individual characteristics, to assess the odds of presenting for these reasons.

RESULTS

Although the 10 most frequent diagnoses among the random sample were physical health conditions, autistic children and children with ADHD often presented for psychiatric conditions. Older children with autism and with ADHD more frequently presented for mood disorders (10%–15% of visits; odds ratios [ORs] = 5.2–8.5) and intentional self-harm (ORs = 3.2–5.0). Younger children with ADHD more commonly presented with mood disorders (6.6% of visits; OR = 18.3) and younger autistic children more often presented with attention-deficit, conduct, and disruptive behavior disorders (9.7% of visits; OR = 9.7).

CONCLUSIONS

Autistic children and children with ADHD have higher odds of presenting to the ED for psychiatric conditions than a random sample, including for self-harm. Clinicians should treat these populations sensitively, recognize and assess the risk for self-harm, and facilitate continuing psychiatric care.
Pediatric Trigger Digits
Authors: Prock-Gibbs Hannah , Marshall Brandon J. , Werntz Joanne R.
Published: April 2022

Pediatric trigger thumb (PTT) and finger (PTF) are upper extremity deformities that frequently go unrecognized by providers. Early recognition by pediatricians and caregivers is vital because PTT is successfully treated nonoperatively in more than 95% of patients if diagnosed early. Similarly, PTF can be successfully treated nonoperatively in 67% of patients. Although PTT is typically benign and 10 times more common, PTF may be associated with underlying concurrent medical conditions, such as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, mucopolysaccharide and lysosomal disorders, and trisomy 18. Routine examinations consisting of full hand range of motion should be performed in all children. Clinicians should be aware of the importance of conservative treatment options for PTT and PTF and the value of screening for underlying medical conditions associated with PTF.
Autoimmune Encephalitis
Authors: Jafarpour Saba , Santoro Jonathan D.
Published: April 2022

Autoimmune encephalitis is a common and treatable cause of encephalitis in children and adults. Individuals present with a variety of symptoms, including altered mental status, behavioral changes, irritability, insomnia, developmental regression, seizures, dyskinetic movements, and autonomic instability. Evaluation includes electroencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, and lumbar puncture. Once infectious and other causes are reasonably ruled out, treatment should be started empirically without waiting for antibody confirmation. Early clinical suspicion is key, as the outcome depends on early initiation of immunotherapy, including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and/or plasmapheresis. Severe or refractory cases require other treatments, such as rituximab, cyclophosphamide, or other immunotherapies using novel monoclonal antibodies. Psychiatry should be involved early for the management of behavioral issues. Additional considerations include management of seizures and dyskinesias. ICU admission may be required for management of hypoventilation necessitating mechanical ventilation (either intrinsic or iatrogenic, eg, from sedatives), refractory seizures, and dysautonomia. Anti–N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor and other forms of autoimmune encephalitis are less often associated with neoplasia (such as ovarian teratoma) in children compared with adults, but screening and removal of tumor if present should be performed.
Múltból jövőt
Authors: Kozma Tamás
Published: April 2022

Összefoglaló. Hogyan határozzák meg az eddig történtek az új
oktatáspolitikát? a) Folytatódik-e a demográfiai csökkenés, vagy bekövetkezik az
immigráció? b) A járványveszély szétzilálta a hagyományos iskolai rendet. Minél
hamarabb térjünk vissza a megszokott iskolai rendhez, vagy el kell térnünk ettől
a jövőben? c) Az új tulajdonosi viszonyok a felsőoktatásban szorosabb állami
ellenőrzést jelentenek, vagy nagyobb mozgásszabadságot hoznak az intézményeknek?
d) A kormányzat továbbra is a nemzetközi monopóliumokat támogatja a
szakképzésben, vagy sikerül a szakszervezeteknek is befolyáshoz jutni? Végső
soron ezek ugyanazok a dilemmák. Folytatódik-e a centralizáció, vagy lehet-e
erősíteni az önkormányzatiságot? A tanulmány ezt a dilemmát mérlegeli.

Summary. How would the past define the future of educational policy
after the Parliamentary election? a) Will demographic decline continue, or will
the new government apply an alternative immigration policy which would give new
functions to education? b) The epidemic threat shattered the traditional school
order. Would the new government return to the pre-epidemic order, or will it
give way to more educational innovation? c) Does the changing institutional
ownership mean tighter state control or more freedom for the universities? d)
Does the government continue to support international monopolies in vocational
education, or would the unions be able to gain more influence? Ultimately, these
are the same dilemmas. Will centralization continue, or can local government be
strengthened after the elections? The study considers this dilemma.
Society's Perspectives on Contemporary Islamic Law in Indonesia through Social Media Analysis Technology: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Maylawati Dian Sa'adillah , Khosyi'ah Siah , Kholiq Achmad
Published: April 2022

The social, cultural, and technological developments of society are unavoidable. This has an impact on the development of Islamic Law, which keeps all Muslim activities in the right corridor. Contemporary Islamic law, known as Contemporary Islamic Law, has also developed to answer new societal problems. Various views on Contemporary Islamic Law in solving multiple issues certainly reap various responses from the community and scholars. These views are often conveyed through social media such as Youtube, Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. Therefore, this article aims to discuss a preliminary study of text analysis techniques used to find out the views of the community and Ulama on Contemporary Islamic Law issues computationally and automatically. This initial study reviews the methods and techniques that will be used, namely the Indonesian National Work Competency Standards (SKKNI) methodology for data science. This study will also use a sentiment analysis approach, topic modeling, and pattern analysis to find out people's views on issues of Contemporary Islamic Law through social media. The algorithm used for sentiment analysis is the Multinomial Naïve Bayes Classifier (MNBC), for topic modeling is Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), while for pattern analysis using the Prefix-projected Sequential Pattern Mining (PrefixSpan) algorithm. The model generated from sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and pattern analysis will be evaluated by measuring the confusion matrix, coherence value, and silhouette coefficient value. In addition, analysis and interpretation of the model results will be carried out in-depth qualitatively by involving the views and thoughts of Islamic Law experts.
The Deliberation System in Islamic Politics and Leadership of Islamic Organizations in North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf Nasruddin , Samal Abd. Latif , Harun Nurlaila
Published: April 2022

This research aims to describe and analyze how the deliberation system in Islamic politics and leadership conducted by the Prophet and his caliphs with the system of deliberation in Islamic politics and leadership conducted by Islamic organizations in North Sulawesi Province. This research is descriptive qualitative research. To get the data, the researcher did interviews with several managers from the three Islamic Organizations: the Muhammadiyah, the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and the Syarikat Islam (SI). Documentation data is also carried out to find out the annual work program and management activities. The results showed that Islamic organizations such as Muhammadiyah, NU and SI also conducted deliberations. Muhammadiyah holds deliberations every five years and involves regional managers, branches, and sub-branches. Muhammadiyah's political stance is not affiliated with political parties and focuses on the development of people who are knowledgeable and intelligent. Then, the concept of the NU deliberation is also contained in its household article. The NU conducts regional deliberations involving branch managers and sub-branch managers. The Nu's vision and mission is to become a religious and civic organization. The SI also conducts deliberations, namely annual deliberation, and daily deliberation. In its concept and perspective, the SI will further strengthen the organization's commitment through a populist economy and preaching based on the Qur'an and hadith. Thus, there are differences of views and principle related to the deliberation system of the Islamic politics and leadership from the three Islamic organizations even though the legal basis is the same, namely the Qur'an and Hadith.
Earliest Chinese Translations of Mahayana Buddhist Sutras
Authors: Harrison Paul
Published: April 2022

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Two Buddhisms Reconsidered
Authors: Prebish Charles S.
Published: April 2022

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Knowing, Naming and Negation: A Sourcebook on Tibetan Sautrantika. Translated, annotated and introduced by Anne Carolyn Klein, with oral commentary by Geshe Belden Drakba, Denma Lochö Rinbochay, and Kensur Yeshay Tupden.
Authors: Williams Paul
Published: April 2022

Knowing, Naming and Negation: A Sourcebook on Tibetan Sautrantika. Translated, annotated and introduced by Anne Carolyn Klein, with oral commentary by Geshe Belden Drakba, Denma Lochö Rinbochay, and Kensur Yeshay Tupden. Snow Lion, Ithaca, New York 1991. 266 pp. plus Tibetan texts, Pbk £11.96.
Foundations of Indian Culture I - II. G. C. Pande.
Authors: Werner Karel
Published: April 2022

Foundations of Indian Culture I - II. G. C. Pande. Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 2nd ed. 1990 (1st 1984). x, 378 and vi, 284 pp. Rs. 325.
Die Ratnavalitika des Ajitamitra. Edited and explained by Yukihiro Okada.
Authors: Ruegg D. Seyfort
Published: April 2022

Die Ratnavalitika des Ajitamitra. Edited and explained by Yukihiro Okada. (Indica et Tibetica 19) Indica et Tibetica Verlag, Bonn 1990. xxxv, 198 pp. No price given.
Contemporary Characterisations of the 'Philosophy' of Nikayan Buddhism
Authors: Harvey Peter
Published: April 2022

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Contemporary Buddhist Debate
Authors: Mills Laurence C. R.
Published: April 2022

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Wege zur Todlosigkeit. Tod und Transzendez in der Lehre des Buddha. Alfred Weil.
Authors: Werner Karel
Published: April 2022

Wege zur Todlosigkeit. Tod und Transzendez in der Lehre des Buddha. Alfred Weil. Universität Konstanz, Forschungsprojekt 'Buddhistischer Modernismus', Forschungsberichte 8, Konstanz 1993. 202pp. No price given.
A Pali Grammar. William Geiger. Translated into English by Batakrishna Ghosh, revised and edited by K. R. Norman.
Authors: Norman K. R.
Published: April 2022

A Pali Grammar. William Geiger. Translated into English by Batakrishna Ghosh, revised and edited by K. R. Norman. Pali Text Society, Oxford 1994. xxix, 220 pp. Hardback £12.95, paperback £6.75.
King Asoka and Buddhism. Historical and Literary Studies. Edited by Anuradha Seneviratna.
Authors: Mills Laurence C. R.
Published: April 2022

King Asoka and Buddhism. Historical and Literary Studies. Edited by Anuradha Seneviratna. Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy 1994. xi, 161 pp., with two maps. SL Rs 300, US$12.00.
Zen in America. Helen Tworkov.
Authors: Gregor Hamish
Published: April 2022

Zen in America. Helen Tworkov. Kodansha America Inc., New York 1994. 271 pp. £13.99.
Indexes to the Dhammapada. Compiled by Moriichi Yamazaki, Yumi Ousaka and Masahiro Miyao.
Authors: Norman K. R.
Published: April 2022

Indexes to the Dhammapada. Compiled by Moriichi Yamazaki, Yumi Ousaka and Masahiro Miyao. Pali Text Society, Oxford 1995. vii, 139 pp. £12. ISBN 0-86013-337-0.
Trials of Yasodhara and the Birth of Rahula
Authors: Tatelman Joel
Published: April 2022

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Atmatattvaviveka by Udayanacarya, with Translation, Explanation and Analytical-Critical Survey. N.S. Dravid.
Authors: Powers John
Published: April 2022

Atmatattvaviveka by Udayanacarya, with Translation, Explanation and Analytical-Critical Survey. N.S. Dravid. Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Simla 1995. 587 pp. ISBN 81-85952-28-0.
Critical Examination of Ñanavira Thera's 'A Note on Paticcasamuppada'
Authors: Bodhi Bhikkhu
Published: April 2022

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Identity and Experience: The Constitution of the Human Being According to Early Buddhism. Sue Hamilton. and The Five Aggregates: Understanding Theravada Psychology and Soteriology. Mathieu Boisvert.
Authors: Manné Joy
Published: April 2022

Identity and Experience: The Constitution of the Human Being According to Early Buddhism. Sue Hamilton. Luzac Oriental, London 1996. xxxi, 218 pp. £30.00. ISBN 0 898942 10 2.
 
The Five Aggregates: Understanding Theravada Psychology and Soteriology. Mathieu Boisvert. (Canadian Corporation for Studies in Religious Writings, Wilfrid Laurier University Press, Waterloo, Ontario, 1995. xii, 168 pp. $24.95. ISBN 0-88920-257-5.
Ekottaragama (XXV)
Authors: Huyền-Vi Thích , Pāsādika Bhikkhu , Boin-Webb Sara
Published: April 2022

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Jaina Philosophy and Religion. (English translation of Jaina Darsana by Muni Shri Nyayavijayaji). Translated by Nagin J. Shah.
Authors: Lindtner Chr.
Published: April 2022

Jaina Philosophy and Religion. (English translation of Jaina Darsana by Muni Shri Nyayavijayaji). Translated by Nagin J. Shah. Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi 1998. xxv, 469 pp. Rs. 450.