bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Children of Oedipus
Authors: Jools Penelope
Published: April 2019

An understanding of developmental anxieties can provide a way, both to locate the developmental level at which a family/couple is functioning, and to track their progress as therapy proceeds. This paper focuses on oedipal anxieties provoked by the impact of a third on the couple's relationship; in one case a child, in the other, a legacy. In both cases the more obvious oedipal issue was that of inclusion and exclusion. The paper argues that an earlier lack of containment, and transgenerational traumas of loss and abandonment, amplified and exacerbated later oedipal anxieties, creating a stuck and destructive situation. Some resolution of these oedipal difficulties occurred in therapy that both provoked these anxieties in the transference by the presence of the therapist as a third, and offered an experience of containment.
A Couple Who Lost Joy
Authors: Cachia Pierre , Scharff Jill
Published: April 2019

This paper was born out of a conversation between the co-authors as they made a rich-text study of the presentation and progress in treatment of a couple whose complaint was that they had lost joy. Pierre Cachia was the therapist and Jill Scharff, his writing partner. Writing about the consultation and early phases of analytic couple therapy, the therapist introduces the couple's presentation, current difficulties, and history. He then recounts a session in detail from the sixteenth month of treatment. As the session unfolds, the co-authors interrupt the clinical narrative to join in a free-form, open discussion of the emerging material. They share an attitude of curiosity about unconscious dynamics, transgenerational influences, and countertransference. Their respective voices merge as they develop an understanding of the underlying dynamics and the power of therapeutic action. Without reference to standard texts, they simply focus on the clinical narrative and their discussion of it to provide an experience-near illustration of analytic sensibility in couple therapy.
The Intergenerational and Cultural Transmission of Trauma in Chinese Couple Relationships
Authors: Wanlass Janine
Published: April 2019

The complexity of psychoanalytic couple therapy is magnified in a climate where intergenerational and cultural trauma abounds. A five session clinical consultation with a couple residing in Beijing, China provides a vivid illustration of the dynamic interplay between individual family histories characterised by loss and separation and a traumatic cultural climate marked by repeated foreign invasion, oppressive government policies, and politically imposed familial separations. The author contends that the juxtaposition of these familial and cultural traumas, combined with a time of rapid economic and social change in China, may partially account for the heightened sensitivity toward separation experienced within Chinese families and frequently expressed in the unconscious couple fit. Additionally, the author discusses challenges for American clinicians training couple therapists in China, such as the impact of translation, the mutually held historical suspicion and antagonism between the two nations, and the rapidly changing social norms within China itself.
Aesthetic Conflict in the Couple
Authors: Bianchini Barbara
Published: April 2019

At the basis of the union between two partners is the aesthetic turmoil that derives from the manifest beauty of the object, which is unknowable internally, and which arouses both love and hate simultaneously. The tension between love, hate, and knowledge stems from their apparent incompatibility. It is almost impossible to sustain this constellation of intense and contradictory emotional ties with the object; attempting to do so can prove unbearable. This is what Meltzer calls the aesthetic conflict, highlighting that the tragedy of the aesthetic experience lies not in its transience, but in the object's enigmatic quality.

The inability to assimilate sufficiently the resulting affective ambivalence means exposing oneself to potentially overwhelming emotions. Trying to erase these emotions deprives one of the vital knowledge and motivation they bring.

If, however, the ambiguity of the object is tolerated, the dread of uncertainty of the partner's intentions stimulates psychic growth and creativity, transforming it into compassion for the frailty of human life and all things.

I believe that the experience of being in an intimate relationship can be the stage on which these aspects of the aesthetic conflict are played out—crucial aspects for the development of both the couple relationship and the individual. This paper examines and develops aspects of the aesthetic conflict within a couple relationship.
Contributions to the Link Perspective in Interventions with Families: Theoretical and Technical Aspects, and Clinical Application
Authors: Monserrat Alicia , Palacios Elizabeth
Published: April 2019

Working with families creates possibilities for thinking theoretically about how to approach treatment in a group. It also gives practitioners an opportunity to formulate hypotheses about how such a group works psychoanalytically and how psychic change can take place. In contemporary psychoanalysis there are numerous ways of thinking and many theoretical concepts that need to be thoroughly understood. Clinical material is described to illustrate how the current links between family members represent their conjoint past, as well as the difference between the projection of their inner worlds and the possibility of new dynamic links between family members. This work in family analysis can lead to changes for each of the family's members and to new relationships between them.
“The House of the Seven Women”: the Fading of Generational Boundaries in the Family
Authors: Magalhães Andrea Seixas , Féres-Carneiro Terezinha
Published: April 2019

Underlying the constitution of the “family body” we find the generational past, transmitted and appropriated by successive generations. The family psyche, like the individual psyche, needs to be embedded in a body, which can be thought of as a family habitat, topically represented by the family's house or home. The house operates as a container for intersubjective contents of the family structure, in which family memories, affects, and ideals are deposited. The sense of belonging is constructed through what is lived, shared, and narrated within the family group. In this home environment, generational boundaries can be understood as walls of transmission; these allow the psychic support of the “family body”, operate as a symbolic filter, and therefore enable the individuation processes of family members. In this study, we discuss a family psychotherapy case, in which seven women—members of four cohabiting generations—were treated. This “house of the seven women” suffered from the fading of generational boundaries, evidenced by the women's difficult coexistence in a home marked by non-elaborated or unexpressed traumatic memories. This case was treated by the family psychotherapy unit of the Service of Applied Psychology (SPA) of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro.
Ethical Issues in Work with Families: On Facing the Music or Not “Turning a Blind Eye”
Authors: Box Sally
Published: April 2019

This paper is about ethical issues that arise in different sorts of work with families. The particular focus is on a recently established schools project run by a small charity in which therapists apply a psychoanalytic approach to the work with children, teachers, and parents in a local community. Distinguishing between this kind of “psychotherapy with families” and more formal family therapy, I suggest that, in both cases, ethical issues are closely related to principles of good practice, such as proper boundaries, confidentiality, and containment, but that in this deprived community situation, these principles appear to clash with therapists' critical concerns about the already prevailing danger of “turning a blind eye” to unacceptable conditions of deprivation, abuse, and violence. Where the loss of traditional preventive services combines with a culture of apathy and helplessness, the therapist in close contact with child and/or parents may be the only one in a position to register a serious need for something to be done. What must they do? Practice and ethical issues require to be thought about anew, while remaining within the therapists' analytic frame of reference.
Ethics and Complaints Procedures for Psychoanalytic Organisations: Some Thoughts About Principles
Authors: Stokoe Philip
Published: April 2019

This paper offers a contribution to the development of a model for ethical and disciplinary codes applicable to psychoanalytic work, arguing that because this work involves unconscious processes, associated ethical codes and complaints procedures must take them into account. Seeking the best way to enable best practice within any particular organisation appears to be replaced by a fear of litigation that results in rules that disable management from the control of bad practice by overemphasising staff employment rights. While these employment codes make it almost impossible to identify and dismiss malign attacks by patients on individual professionals, they also interfere with a proper enquiry into the factors that precipitated the complaint. The paper describes an approach, based upon the psychoanalytic model of the function of the mind as it can be reproduced within organisations, which both protects patients from inappropriate and abusive behaviour, by their therapists, and protects therapists from patients, whose pathology leads them to make devastating attacks on therapists' careers. 'Informed consent', if treated as if a static state, can become an unhelpful concept that gets in the way of thinking about an ethical code. Consent by the patient to the process of psychoanalytic therapy is itself the object of analytic work, and therefore is a process, not a static or fixed position.
Contemporary approaches to the encapsulation and dispersion of trauma: Holocaust trauma as a barrier to couple intimacy
Authors: Mann-Shalvi Hanni , Sehon Caroline , Keogh Timothy
Published: April 2019

This article describes a contemporary approach to dealing with the encapsulation and dispersion of transgenerational trauma. It focuses on how such trauma, when undigested, can create barriers to intimacy in a couple. The lead author and couple therapist not only describes her clinical approach, but provides a theoretical framework from which to view this type of trauma and the way in which it can impact on a couple relationship. The second and third authors provide individual and shared commentaries aimed at highlighting the applicability of couple therapy to psychoanalytic work with individuals. The authors conclude that experience working with couples enriches individual psychoanalytic work as a result of the focus on the “couple state of mind” this work affords.
A case study of a psychotherapist’s narrative account of significant relationship breakdown and the perceived impact on his clinical work
Authors: Lubner Karen , Luca Maria
Published: April 2019

This article is part of a larger scale research that explored the lived experiences of three qualified psychotherapists who each experienced significant relationship breakups whilst continuing with clinical practice. This article explores the narrative of one of these participants. This experienced psychotherapist took the decision to suspend his clinical practice after a psychologically stressful romantic relationship breakup. Due to limitations it is not possible to present all three participants in this article. A separate publication will focus on the other two. Hence the article explores how the therapist emotionally negotiated his separation and managed his therapeutic work. The study applied Labov’s (1997) structural narrative method. The analysis utilised Labov’s six narrative components, each playing a different role within a narrative. They are: abstract; orientation; complicating action; evaluation; resolution; and coda, discussed in the analysis section.
Desarrollo local: conceptualizaciones, principales características y dimensiones.
Authors: Santa Cruz Pérez Dagmar , Ojalvo Mitrany Victoria , Velasteguí López Efraín
Published: April 2019

El estudio aborda en primer orden una caracterización del desenvolvimiento del desarrollo local en Cuba y los diferentes obstáculos y avances que se han podido materializar a través del tiempo, así como los retos que todavía quedan por lograr a partir de las necesidades sentidas y reconocidas de las comunidades y las oportunidades que se puedan lograr, a partir del reconocimiento de los actores sociales implicados y la voluntad política de los gobiernos locales, además de las posturas aterrizadas acerca de diferentes concepciones de desarrollo local por los autores que la han desarrollado. Se hace necesario visualizar todas las características y dimensiones que el desarrollo local puede tributar para el conocimiento responsable de los actores en los diferentes espacios de acción, en busca de posibles soluciones a los problemas de la comunidad donde los elementos de integración y participación son claves en el desenvolvimiento de la dinámica de desarrollo local. El objetivo de este estudio no solo radica en describir el estado del arte del desarrollo local y su desenvolvimiento en Cuba, sino el hecho de, preparar el  camino para las condiciones actuales de desarrollo local que exige la comunidad y la autonomía delegada a los gobiernos locales en el contexto cubano, todo sobre la percepción  de la AGENDA 2030.
Dificultades de desarrollo local en los municipios y su vínculo con la Educación Superior.
Authors: Santa Cruz Pérez Dagmar , Ojalvo Mitrany Victoria , Valdés Bencomo Yulima , Velasteguí López Efraín
Published: April 2019

El estudio aborda una disertación acerca de los obstáculos y dificultades encontradas a partir de la investigación realizada por el Dr. C. Jorge Núñez Jover (2012-2013) “Programa de gestión universitaria del conocimiento y la innovación para el desarrollo, “y un análisis del autor de este estudio a partir de lo expuesto y su impacto en la actualidad en el  contexto  comunitario, donde se añade como factor principal el papel de los gobernantes como máximos decisores en la búsqueda de posibles soluciones desde el proceso de política de gestión institucional y comunicacional. Las transformaciones que se propone el Estado cubano en la actualidad demandan una postura de cambio de esquemas tradicionales que en su momento histórico cumplieron su función, pero ahora exigen de un rediseño y pensamiento orgánico y holístico de acuerdo a las demandas que se imponen en la realidad histórica y sociocultural del pueblo cubano.

Estas demandas exigen la presencia notable de la gestión del conocimiento a través del papel predominante de la Educación Superior como agente de desarrollo local a partir del vínculo Universidad—sociedad-empresa  y Universidad- gobierno local. Por último el papel de la innovación y la política de comunicación institucional en los gobiernos locales son ejes claves en el desenvolvimiento y desarrollo de la dinámica del desarrollo local en los Municipios, donde entenderlo se convierte en un reto a alcanzar en el objetivo central de la Educación Superior como agente de desarrollo local.
Estrategias básicas de marketing para microempresarios.
Authors: Prado Chinga Alberto Efraín , Guerra Herrera Kleber Santos , Ortega Ojeda Pamela de Lourdes , Gutiérrez Ruano Carlos Omar
Published: April 2019

El marketing es importante para mejorar las oportunidades futuras mediante la implementación de técnicas que permitan a los microempresarios tener un alto desempeño. Razón por la cual, la presente investigación se desarrolla un manual de técnicas básicas de marketing para los microempresarios, los cuales se ha visto afectada por la falta de conocimientos al no contar estrategias que les permita mejorar desempeño comercial y alinear sus estrategias al logro de sus objetivos que les permita ser más competitivo en su actual entorno. Teniendo en cuenta la problemática planteada que se ha presentado por la carencia de conocimientos de técnicas de marketing alineado a su realidad, se asiste al diseño de campo de carácter no experimental y con un enfoque cualitativo para recabar datos primarios directamente donde se originan los hechos. Por tales motivos, se aplicó la encuesta escrita a los microempresarios, seleccionados a través del muestreo no probabilístico intencional debido a que la población es finita. De la misma forma, se aplicó el análisis de las necesidades del microempresario como herramienta para priorizar los resultados obtenidos de los cuestionarios aplicados para evaluar la perspectiva de los comerciantes, denotando la necesidad de adquirir conocimientos de marketing. Por tanto, se propuso la propuesta de un manual de técnicas básicas de marketing alineados a la compañía a los microempresarios, que permitan su desarrollo.
ENKRIPSI DATA MENGGUNAKAN ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDART 256
Authors: Wiharto Yudi , Irawan Ari
Published: April 2019

Cryptography is important in securing data and information. Confidential, important information may not be publicly or otherwise protected. It is not impossible for anyone to see, damage, steal or misuse important data from an agency or company through a computer network. The solution is with cryptography or a method of data security that can maintain the confidentiality and authenticity of a data or information. This method is intended for confidential information when sent through network access, such as LAN or internet, cannot be utilized by unauthorized parties. Cryptography supports the aspect of information security, namely protection of confidentiality. Therefore the need to maintain the confidentiality of data and information is a cryptographic application. The process in the form of encryption and decryption used by the user to secure the data without changing the contents of the data. This application has a 32-character key but in its use is made into 2 keys, namely public and private key where the public key is the key filled by the user in accordance with the desire, while the private key is the default key entered by the application at random to meet the length of 32 characters. The AES algorithm used is the AES256 algorithm where this algorithm uses the principle with the number of rounds by key.
PENGARUH EVALUASI TES FORMATIF TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI TINGKAT KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR MAHASISWA STT-PLN JAKARTA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS VARIAN ANOVA
Authors: Anggaini Dwi , Fikri Miftahul , Setiawan Denny
Published: April 2019

Research is a study that aims to find out the truth by researching and analyzing the influence of student learning independence in formative tests on student mathematics learning outcomes. The study was conducted at the Technical High School - PLN Jakarta in the even semester of 2017/2018 school year with a sample of 52 students using cluster random sampling technique. To retrieve data using questionnaire instruments to capture data on student learning independence variables and use tests to measure students' mathematics learning outcomes. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA to prove the validity of the research hypothesis. Based on the results of the data analysis test, it can be concluded that there is an interaction between formative tests and students' learning independence towards mathematics learning outcomes and is directly proportional to learning independence.
ANALISIS WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM DALAM ASPEK REGULASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE BENCHMARK
Authors: Samsurizal Samsurizal
Published: April 2019

Wireless technology has developed very rapidly both in terms of providing infrastructure and supporting technology that is on the side of the mobile computing device that has been widely used by people. Charging the battery is one of the primary needs of modern society. To support community activities that the higher the level of mobility, power bank is a solution. However, the ability of power banks are still limited in terms of charging. Thus, the wireless charging technology, or better known as the Wireless Power Transmission (WPT). Wireless Power Transmission is a technology that allows electrical energy from the power source to an electrical load is transmitted without any interconnection. Wireless Power Transmission especially useful for devices connected to the cable dangerous. This is new technology but the market has seen demand increase significantly. Various types of applications, that the technology Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) is applied, the expected and the study of the current WPT is underway. Also, ongoing standardization activities in several standardization organizations.as well as the issuance of Wireless Power Transmission Regulations in some countries so expect the harmonization of rules / law in the implementation of Wireless Power Transmission in everyday life, Clarity and certainty of legal framework for the implementation of the regulatory function of the business operations of Wireless Power Transmission.
ECOPSYCHOlOGY OF EDUCATIONAl ENVIRONMENT: DESIGN AND MONITORING APPROACHES
Authors: Kislyakov P A
Published: April 2019

In the article actualized the problem of human ecology in modern conditions. The main study approaches of environmental psychology "man-environment" relationship have been generalized. Educational environment as a set of spatially-objective, social, information, psychological and pedagogical influences and conditions of personality formation serves as an object of the analysis. The risk factors that negatively affect the development and health of students have been generalized. Functions of educational environment: adaptive, formative, educational have been discovered. The approaches to education environment monitoring: expertise and diagnostics have been described. The results of empirical study of the ecology of the university educational environment, conducted via questionnaires have been presented. The study revealed the risks of the educational environment of the university, as well as its comfort degree. Ecopsychological models (segments) which conceptualizes the relationship of the subjects of education and educational environment: health-saving environment, tolerant environment, psychologically safe environment, safe information-virtual environment, constructive communicative (verbal) space, creative environment, ecological environment have been described. The eco-psychological designing of educational environment will allow to minimize social risk factors, negative psychophysical impact and provide students with adequate conditions for development, safety, identity, self-actualization.
PREVAlENCE OF POTENTIAllY ADVERSE DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS IN HOSPITAlS OF WEST KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Zhamalieva L M , Mussina A Z , Smagulova G A , Seitmaganbetova N A , Uvalieva N T , Nikolayenko N V , Grjibovski A M
Published: April 2019

Consequences of medical drugs use have been a subject of scientific research, both in terms of long-term effect on the gene pool of populations and immediate effects on human health. Drug-drug interactions (DDI) is an important and still insufficiently recognized cause of medical errors and costs for the healthcare system. We have studied the prevalence and structure of DDI in hospitals of West Kazakhstan. We performed a retrospective analysis of pharmacotherapy in a systematic sample of 730 patients with cardiovascular diseases treated in the hospitals of Aktobe, Uralsk, Atyrau cities in 2014. Potentially dangerous DDI were identified using Drug Interaction Checker source (FDA). The prevalence of major and moderate potential DDI and their structure were studied. Associations between DDI and other studied variables were estimated using odds ratios (OR) and chi-squared tests. For all estimates 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. We found a high prevalence of major and moderate DDI (53,8 (95 % CI 50,9-58,3) % and 88,1 (95 % CI 85,590,3) %, respectively. We found out that 53,8 % of patients were treated with at least one potentially inappropriate combination. The effect of age (OR 1,8, p 0,001, 95 % CI 1,4-2,5) and polypragmasy (OR 6,0, р 0,001, 95 % CI 2,7-13,1) on potentially dangerous DDI were revealed. Adverse drug effects were diagnosed in 4,1 % of patients, they were more frequently observed in patients with more prescriptions (р = 0,001). The most frequent drugs creating a dangerous combination were spironolactone, ACE inhibitors, enoxaparinm sodium, fondaparinux sodium, clopidogrel, potassium chloride, sartana.
General tendencies of higher education in the modern social-cultural conditions
Authors: Starovoyt I.
Published: April 2019

The article presents the most important directions of higher education development. The main contexts, theories, criteria of higher education in constantly changing conditions of the modern world are defined. The emphasis is placed on the international and national peculiarities of higher education development.
The evaluation of it specialists’ performance based on the grading system and it’s forecasting by means of regression models
Authors: Maksymenko N.
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the substantiation of the laws and conditions of the relationship between the personal development and human potential of IT specialists and the results of their activities in the organization. The purpose of the article is the analysis and prediction of the performance of IT specialists by the grading system using regression analysis, where the predictors are the individual potentials of IT specialists. This problem is considered on the example of IT-professionals (n = 182) from four countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The author’s grading system was used to determine the level of professional efficiency during the trial period. The models for forecasting the professional performance of IT professionals were created, confirmed by various methods of regression analysis. It is determined that such aspects of personal development and human potential as social intelligence, abstract thinking, decisiveness, dominance, intrinsic motivation, communication, resistance to emotional stress, openness, and susceptibility to any kind of knowledge are predictors of effective performance in the IT industry.
The Labours of Zeno – a Supertask indeed?
Authors: Sattler Barbara M.
Published: April 2019

It is usually supposed that, with his dichotomy paradox, Zeno gave birth to the modern so-called supertask debate – the debate of whether carrying out an infinite sequence of actions or operations in a finite interval of time is physically or even logically possible. I argue that in fact this is not a problem raised by Zeno's dichotomy paradox, and that an account of the dichotomy paradox as a supertask (often implicitly offered also by scholars of ancient philosophy) seriously misconstrues the problems Zeno raises therein. However, comparing Zeno's paradox with a paradigmatic supertask can nevertheless be instructive, since it forces us to make explicit the pre-conditions on which the supertask debate rests and to examine whether these conditions do indeed obtain in the case of a continuous run. I will suggest in the end that the requirements for supertasks and for continuous finite runs are genuinely different.
This
Authors: Corkum Phil
Published: April 2019

The expression tode ti, commonly translated as ‘a this’, plays a key role in Aristotle’s metaphysics. Drawing lightly on theories of demonstratives in contemporary linguistics, I discuss the expression, its extension and the interpretation of its philosophical role in Aristotle and Plato. I pay particular attention to the questions whether matter or nonsubstantial individuals fall under the extension of the expression.
Aristotle's Formal Identity of Intellect and Object: A Solution to the Problem of Modal Epistemology
Authors: Koons Robert C.
Published: April 2019

In De Anima Book III, Aristotle subscribed to a theory of formal identity between the human mind and the extra-mental objects of our understanding. This has been one of the most controversial features of Aristotelian metaphysics of the mind. I offer here a defense of the Formal Identity Thesis, based on specifically epistemological arguments about our knowledge of necessary or essential truths.
PERANAN SIDIK JARI DALAM PROSES PENYIDIKAN UNTUK MENENTUKAN PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA
Authors: Yuserlina Anny
Published: April 2019

Taking the latent fingerprints is present on the objects at the scene of the case, after which the object is held or tramped can be done in two ways, namely through puder and chemical process. Besides, fingerprint can also be done at the Investigation Office against suspects and people who want to take care of the letters, such as SKKB. In this case fingerprint is performed on a rolled impression and plain impression columns and columns for information along with the identity of the person whose fingerprints are taken. In the case of the perpetrator or suspect of a crime not yet caught, the fingerprint is one of the objective physical proofs in recognizing the return and identification of its behavior by comparing fingerprints between suspected persons or fingerprints that have been stored in police files with latent fingerprints found from crime scenes (TKP). it uses the empirical yuidist method which is empirical juridical itself according to Fred N Kerlner: as the questions tried to find the answer. It can be concluded that the authors want to approach the role of fingerprints in the investigation process tub from juridical aspect (legislation) maupundalam aspect p the implementation of the community (police). So in conclusion the latent fingerprint is found on the objects at the scene of the case, after the object is held or tramped can be done in two ways, namely through puder and chemical process. Besides, fingerprint can also be done at the Investigation Office against suspects and people who want to take care of the letters, such as SKKB. In this case fingerprint is performed on a rolled impression and a plain impression and a column for information along with the identity of the person fingerprints are taken.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KONSUMEN TERHADAP KELALAIAN PENGEMBANG DALAM PRA KEPEMILIKAN RUMAH SANGAT SEDERHANA DI KOTA PAYAKUMBUH
Authors: Buchari Faisal
Published: April 2019

Home is one of the basic human needs for shelter. For that the construction of houses and settlements continue to be increased at affordable prices, especially by the low-income community. Consumers have paid a down payment and have made the addition of home building, but after more than 9 (nine) years running signing the credit agreement agreement with the bank that will provide mortgage facilities has not been realized. So the opportunity for consumers to have a home to be delayed can even be closed at all. This research was an analytical descriptive that describes the overall symptoms and legal aspects of consumer protection in the pre sale house purchase agreement is very simple. The data obtained in the analysis and interpreted logically and systematically by using a qualitative juridical approach. The results of field research indicated that there is no consumer protection in the pre-sale agreement to buy a very simple house on Bumi Ngalau Indah housing consumers. Where the consumers who have paid the advance position in the eyes of the same law with consumers who have made a perfect sale and purchase agreement. Based on the results of this study it is advisable that receipts as receipts for advance payment in the prerecord of sale and purchase of houses are very simple to mention about what rights and obligations between consumers and developers, or the addition of other clauses so that consumers are not always on the weak side.
Treatment of Surgical Brain Injury by Immune Tolerance Induced by Peripheral Intravenous Injection of Biotargeting Nanoparticles Loaded With Brain Antigens
Authors: Tian Zhen , Xu Lixia , Chen Qian , Feng Ruoyang , Lu Hao , Tan Huajun , Kang Jianming , Wang Yinsong , Yan Hua
Published: April 2019

Once excessive, neurological disorders associated with inflammatory conditions will inevitably cause secondary inflammatory damage to brain tissue. Immunosuppressive therapy can reduce the inflammatory state, but resulting infections can expose the patient to greater risk. Using specific immune tolerance organs or tissues from the body, brain antigen immune tolerance treatment can create a minimal immune response to the brain antigens that does not excessively affect the body's immunity. However, commonly used immune tolerance treatment approaches, such as those involving the nasal, gastrointestinal mucosa, thymus or liver portal vein injections, affect the clinical conversion of the therapy due to uncertain drug absorption, or inconvenient routes of administration. If hepatic portal intravenous injections of brain antigens could be replaced by normal peripheral venous infusion, the convenience of immune tolerance treatment could certainly be greatly increased. We attempted to encapsulate brain antigens with minimally immunogenic nanomaterials, to control the sizes of nanoparticles within the range of liver Kupffer cell phagocytosis and to coat the antigens with a coating material that had an affinity for liver cells. We injected these liver drug-loaded nanomaterials via peripheral intravenous injection. With the use of microparticles with liver characteristics, the brain antigens were transported into the liver out of the detection of immune armies in the blood. This approach has been demonstrated in rat models of surgical brain injury. It has been proven that the immune tolerance of brain antigens can be accomplished by peripheral intravenous infusion to achieve the effect of treating brain trauma after operations, which simplifies the clinical operation and could elicit substantial improvements in the future.
The Use of Garlic Oil for Olfactory Enrichment Increases the Use of Ropes in Weaned Pigs
Authors: Blackie Nicola , de Sousa Megan
Published: April 2019

Pig producers are required to provide environmental enrichment to provide pigs the opportunity to perform investigative and manipulative behaviours (EU directive 2001/93/EC). Preventing enrichment from losing its novelty and decreasing the rate at which animals become habituated is important to maintain use of enrichment over time. A comparative study was formulated to identify whether weaner pigs housed in a semi-barren environment displayed a preference for olfactory enrichment compared to non-scented enrichment. Pigs (n = 146) were selected at 28 days old from two different batches (n = 76 and n = 70) and divided into pens. All pigs were given a control and a treatment (garlic scented) rope. Behavioural observations and rope interactions were assessed through direct observation. Throughout the entire study, the length of interaction with the garlic device was significantly higher (p < 0.02), indicating that there was a preference for olfactory enrichment compared to an odourless device. There was no significant occurrence of tail, ear, or flank biting in both batches. Weaner pigs showed a preference towards olfactory enrichment. Although habituation began to occur, this effect was mitigated by re-spraying the ropes, which resulted in increased interactions.
Single-Domain Antibodies as Therapeutic and Imaging Agents for the Treatment of CNS Diseases
Authors: Bélanger Kasandra , Iqbal Umar , Tanha Jamshid , MacKenzie Roger , Moreno Maria , Stanimirovic Danica
Published: April 2019

Antibodies have become one of the most successful therapeutics for a number of oncology and inflammatory diseases. So far, central nervous system (CNS) indications have missed out on the antibody revolution, while they remain ‘hidden’ behind several hard to breach barriers. Among the various antibody modalities, single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) may hold the ‘key’ to unlocking the access of antibody therapies to CNS diseases. The unique structural features of sdAbs make them the smallest monomeric antibody fragments suitable for molecular targeting. These features are of particular importance when developing antibodies as modular building blocks for engineering CNS-targeting therapeutics and imaging agents. In this review, we first introduce the characteristic properties of sdAbs compared to traditional antibodies. We then present recent advances in the development of sdAbs as potential therapeutics across brain barriers, including their use for the delivery of biologics across the blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barriers, treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and molecular imaging of brain targets.
Linewidth Narrowing of Mutually Injection Locked Semiconductor Lasers with Short and Long Delay
Authors: Ma Weichao , Xiong Bing , Sun Changzheng , Ke Xu , Wang Jian , Hao Zhibiao , Wang Lai , Han Yanjun , Li Hongtao , Yu Jiadong , Luo Yi
Published: April 2019

A simple and effective approach to semiconductor laser linewidth narrowing via mutual injection locking is proposed and demonstrated in both short and long delay regimes. A theoretical analysis is presented to investigate the linewidth behavior of semiconductor lasers under mutual injection locking. Experimental demonstrations in short and long delay regimes are implemented by integrated devices and a fiber link system, respectively. Locking condition and dependence of laser linewidth on coupling parameters in both regimes are studied, confirming mutual injection locking as a practical method for linewidth narrowing. For the short-delayed integrated lasers, a linewidth narrowing factor of 13 is demonstrated and sub-MHz linewidth is achieved, while for the long-delayed lasers coupled by fiber link, the intrinsic linewidth is reduced to sub-100 Hz.
Arctic Sea Ice Decline in the 2010s: The Increasing Role of the Ocean—Air Heat Exchange in the Late Summer
Authors: Ivanov Vladimir , Varentsov Mikhail , Matveeva Tatiana , Repina Irina , Artamonov Arseniy , Khavina Elena
Published: April 2019

This study is focused on the specific features of ocean–air interaction in the Laptev Sea, in the late summer, on the basis of recurrent measurements during four expeditions in the 2000s and 2010s, atmospheric reanalysis products, and satellite ice concentration data. It was established that in the “icy” years, the accumulation of heat in the upper ocean layer is insignificant for the subsequent ice formation. In the “ice-free” years, the accumulated heat storage in the upper mixed layer depends on the duration of open water and the distance of the point of interest to the nearest ice edge. In a broader context, we considered possible links between the average ice area/extent in the August–September–October (ASO) period, and in the December–January–February (DJF) period, for two representative Arctic regions; that is, the Eurasian segment, defined within the bounds 60–120° E, 65–80° N, and the American segment, defined within the bounds 150° E–150° W, 65–80° N. Significant “seasonal memory”, characterized by the consistent change of the ice cover parameters in sequential seasons, was revealed in the Eurasian segment between 2007 and 2017. No linkage on a seasonal time scale was found in the American segment. A possible explanation for the distinguished contrast between the two geographical regions is proposed.
Comparative Effectiveness of Gemcitabine plus Nab-Paclitaxel and FOLFIRINOX in the First-Line Setting of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pusceddu Sara , Ghidini Michele , Torchio Martina , Corti Francesca , Tomasello Gianluca , Niger Monica , Prinzi Natalie , Nichetti Federico , Coinu Andrea , Di Bartolomeo Maria , Cabiddu Mary , Passalacqua Rodolfo , de Braud Filippo , Petrelli Fausto
Published: April 2019

Gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (GEM-NAB) and the combination of 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRINOX) are valid first-line options for advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC). However, no randomized trials comparing the two schemes have been performed. This meta-analysis aims to compare GEM-NAB and FOLFIRINOX in terms of safety and effectiveness, taking into account data from real-life studies on mPC. We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library up to November 2018 to identify retrospective or cohort studies on mPC comparing GEM-NAB and FOLFIRINOX. We included 16 retrospective studies, including 3813 patients (2123 treated with GEM-NAB and 1690 treated with FOLFIRINOX). Despite a median weighted overall survival (OS) difference in favor of FOLFIRINOX (mean difference: 1.15, 95% confidence interval CI 0.08–2.22, p = 0.03), in whole population OS was similar (hazard ratio (HR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.84–1.16; p = 0.9). PFS was also not different between the two arms (HR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.71–1.1; p = 0.26). The overall response rate was similar (25 vs. 24% with GEM-NAB and FOLFIRINOX). Among grade 3–4 toxicities, neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, and nausea were lower with GEM-NAB, while neurotoxicity and anemia were lower with FOLFIRINOX. In conclusion, despite a numerically longer median OS with FOLFIRINOX as compared to GEM-NAB, the overall risk of death and progression were similar. Their toxicity was different with less nausea, neutropenia, and febrile neutropenia with GEM-NAB, as compared to less neurotoxicity and anemia with FOLFIRINOX. Therefore, analysis of non-randomized “real world” studies to date has not provided evidence of a major benefit of one regimen over the other.
FGF21 Levels in Pheochromocytoma/Functional Paraganglioma
Authors: Klímová Judita , Zelinka Tomáš , Rosa Ján , Štrauch Branislav , Haluzíková Denisa , Haluzík Martin , Holaj Robert , Krátká Zuzana , Kvasnička Jan , Ďurovcová Viktorie , Matoulek Martin , Novák Květoslav , Michalský David , Widimský Jr. Jiří , Petrák Ondřej
Published: April 2019

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hepatokine with beneficial effects on metabolism. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the serum FGF21, and energy and glucose metabolism in 40 patients with pheochromocytoma/functional paraganglioma (PPGL), in comparison with 21 obese patients and 26 lean healthy controls. 27 patients with PPGL were examined one year after tumor removal. Basic anthropometric and biochemical measurements were done. Energy metabolism was measured by indirect calorimetry (Vmax-Encore 29N). FGF21 was measured by ELISA. FGF21 was higher in PPGL than in controls (174.2 (283) pg/mL vs. 107.9 (116) pg/mL; p < 0.001) and comparable with obese (174.2 (283) pg/mL vs. 160.4 (180); p = NS). After tumor removal, FGF21 decreased (176.4 (284) pg/mL vs. 131.3 (225) pg/mL; p < 0.001). Higher levels of FGF21 were expressed, particularly in patients with diabetes. FGF21 positively correlated in PPGL with age (p = 0.005), BMI (p = 0.028), glycemia (p = 0.002), and glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.014). In conclusion, long-term catecholamine overproduction in PPGL leads to the elevation in serum FGF21, especially in patients with secondary diabetes. FGF21 levels were comparable between obese and PPGL patients, despite different anthropometric indices. We did not find a relationship between FGF21 and hypermetabolism in PPGL. Tumor removal led to the normalization of FGF21 and the other metabolic abnormalities.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of AKR1B10 in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: DiStefano Johanna K. , Davis Bethany
Published: April 2019

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Although diagnostic measures and surgical interventions have improved in recent years, the five-year survival rate for patients with advanced HCC remains bleak—a reality that is largely attributable to an absence of early stage symptoms, lack of adequate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and the common occurrence of acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic agents during HCC treatment. A limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC pathogenesis also presents a challenge for the development of specific and efficacious pharmacological strategies to treat, halt, or prevent progression to advanced stages. Over the past decade, aldo-keto reductase family 1 member 10 (AKR1B10) has emerged as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC, and experimental studies have demonstrated roles for this enzyme in biological pathways underlying the development and progression of HCC and acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of HCC. Here we provide an overview of studies supporting the diagnostic and prognostic utility of AKR1B10, summarize the experimental evidence linking AKR1B10 with HCC and the induction of chemoresistance, and discuss the clinical value of AKR1B10 as a potential target for HCC-directed drug development. We conclude that AKR1B10-based therapies in the clinical management of specific HCC subtypes warrant further investigation.
Noninvasive Subcellular Imaging Using Atomic Force Acoustic Microscopy (AFAM)
Authors: Li Xiaoqing , Lu Ang , Deng Wenjie , Su Li , Wang Jing , Ding Mingyue
Published: April 2019

We report an imaging approach applying the atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM), which has unique potential for nondestructive imaging of cell internal structures. To obtain high spatial resolution images, we optimized the significant imaging parameters, including scanning speeds, feedback configurations and acoustic frequencies of an AFAM system, to increase the amplitude of the acoustic signal and to stabilize the morphological signals. We also combined the acoustic amplitude and phase signals, and generated pseudo-color figures for better illustration of subcellular features such as pseudopodia, membranes and nucleus-like. The subcellular structural image atlas can describe nanoscale details of multiple samples and provide clearer images of the subcellular features compared to other conventional techniques. This study builds a strong basis of transmission AFAM for cell imaging, which can help researchers to clarify the cell structures in diverse biological fields and push the understanding of biology evolution to a new stage.
Structure and Dynamics of the EGF Receptor as Revealed by Experiments and Simulations and Its Relevance to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Martin-Fernandez Marisa L. , Clarke David T. , Roberts Selene K. , Zanetti-Domingues Laura C. , Gervasio Francesco L.
Published: April 2019

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is historically the prototypical receptor tyrosine kinase, being the first cloned and the first where the importance of ligand-induced dimer activation was ascertained. However, many years of structure determination has shown that EGFR is not completely understood. One challenge is that the many structure fragments stored at the PDB only provide a partial view because full-length proteins are flexible entities and dynamics play a key role in their functionality. Another challenge is the shortage of high-resolution data on functionally important higher-order complexes. Still, the interest in the structure/function relationships of EGFR remains unabated because of the crucial role played by oncogenic EGFR mutants in driving non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite targeted therapies against EGFR setting a milestone in the treatment of this disease, ubiquitous drug resistance inevitably emerges after one year or so of treatment. The magnitude of the challenge has inspired novel strategies. Among these, the combination of multi-disciplinary experiments and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations have been pivotal in revealing the basic nature of EGFR monomers, dimers and multimers, and the structure-function relationships that underpin the mechanisms by which EGFR dysregulation contributes to the onset of NSCLC and resistance to treatment.