bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: A. Devade Omkar , D. Londhe Rohan , M. Meshram Nikhil
Published: December 2022

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the second leading genetic, autosomal recessive disorder with progressive weakness of skeletal and respiratory muscles, leading to progressive paralysis with muscular atrophy, significant disability. SMA predominantly affects on children and represents the most common cause of hereditary infant mortality. Spinal muscular atrophy caused by mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene and a consequentdecrease in the SMN protein leading to lower motor neuron degeneration. The clinical features of Spinal muscular atrophy are caused by specific degeneration of a-motor neurons in the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness, atrophy and, in the majority of cases, premature death. Encouraging results from phase II and III clinical trials have raised hope that other therapeutic options will enter soon in clinical practice. The common genetic etiology and recent progress in pre-clinical models suggest that SMA is well-suited for the development of therapeutic regimens. This review covers the available data and the new challenges of SMA therapeutic strategies.
Turkish Domestic Determinants And Ankara’s Military Operations In Syria: Kurdish Threat And Expansionist Ambitions
Authors: Hovsepyan Levon
Published: December 2022

The Syrian conflict became one of the most important directions of Turkey's regional security policy, playing a key role in the redefinition of Ankara's security policy and the expansion of Ankara's power projection area and tools. The military operation "Euphrates Shield" in August 2016 thus became the first attempt at the massive use of the military in regional policy after 1974, which justified the vitality of aggressive initiatives among the ambitious Turkish elite and had a unique domino effect. The purpose of the article is to highlight the domestic factors that supported and conditioned Turkish military operations in Syria, as well as the main objectives pursued. The article contains a case study, the focus of which is Turkey's military operations on Syrian territory and the military-political goals pursued by them. Furthermore, the Turkish domestic factors and transformations that enabled and aided in the implementation and expansion of these military operations are revealed.
A Study on Scenario Construction for the Autonomous and Regular Vehicles Mixed Traffic Conditions
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Park Ji Eun , Yoon Tae Kwan , Baek Jung Han
Published: December 2022

To respond to hazardous situations that may arise due to the limitations of self-driving vehicle recognition and judgment capability, technology development is in progress for infrastructure to recognize this and provide operation guidance to autonomous vehicles. In order to evaluate the performance of the infrastructure guidance technology under development and to use it for model advancement, this study presented a scenario assuming various traffic environments and mixed situations of autonomous and general vehicles. The proportion of autonomous vehicles was composed of optimistic, average, and conservative three cases using the figures predicted in previous studies, and traffic-related factors were composed of road traffic internal factors (intersection type, number of lanes, etc.) and external factors (e.g., unexpected situation, weather, etc.). Finally, the compliance rate of the C-ITS service was used to variable whether general vehicles comply with the guidance, and the number of four compliance rate cases was derived by applying a percentage to the compliance rate distribution for each event. A total of 1,843,200 combinations of scenarios were derived, but there is a limitation to test all cases. Therefore, the fractional factor design method was used to reduce them to the number of scenarios that can be analyzed, and as a result, it was possible to reduce the number to 35 scenarios. This study is meaningful in that it adds an element called driver compliance to the creation of a scenario that can verify safety in a mixture of actual self-driving vehicles and general vehicles, and presents a methodology that can reduce the number of scenarios to a number that can be analyzed realistically while statistically significant. In future studies, simulations will be conducted using the scenarios derived in this study, and a advanced autonomous driving scenarios will be derived through performance evaluation, feedback, and supplementation.
The effect of admission satisfaction, major satisfaction, self-esteem, career confidence of students on campus life satisfaction : A case of S University
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Na Eun Suk , Shin Seo Young
Published: December 2022

Campus life satisfaction plays a big role in enabling university students to make an effort to study and to lead a successful school life. Considering that the university is a process that advances toward one's own goals in academic, social, and emotional aspects in the new environment of university, the institutional device that supports students' campus life satisfaction needs to be designed more precisely. This study tried to understand the degree of college students' admission satisfaction, major satisfaction, self-esteem, and career confidence, and the effect of these factors on campus life satisfaction. From May 4 to June 14, 2021, a survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire through Global Research Co., Ltd.'s research agency for 4,129 students of S University in Seoul. I performed analysis of frequence, pearson correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis by 「SPSS Statistics 20」program and got follow results. At first, University students' admission satisfaction, major satisfaction, career confidence, self-esteem, and Campus life satisfaction were higher than average. Secondly, in terms of admission satisfaction, the younger the grade, the higher the satisfaction, and the satisfaction of the major and the certainty of the career were higher in women than in men. Thirdly, The group with the high level of campus life satisfaction had higher scores for admission satisfaction, major satisfaction, self-esteem, and career confidence than the group with low compus life satisfaction. Fourthly, It was found that there was a correlation among university students' admission satisfaction, major satisfaction, self-esteem, career confidence, and campus life satisfaction. Fifthly, as a result of analyzing factors affecting Campus life satisfaction, the factor that showed the most explanatory power for Campus life satisfaction was admission satisfaction, followed by major satisfaction and career confidence. Therefore, in order to increase campus life satisfaction of university students, it is necessary to return to the basics and improve the quality of major classes, and to provide appropriate academic guidance, curriculum improvement, and specialized individual programs in the department. Since admission satisfaction is an external factor that is affected by the recognition or reputation of the university before students enter, measures to enhance the image are needed. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen counseling and scholarship support so that they can have career confidence and self-esteem.
El derecho internacional humanitario frente al desafío de las armas autónomas
Authors: Madrid Moreno Julián Ariel
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo, en primer lugar, describir y ensayar una posible definición acerca del concepto de armas autónomas en el derecho internacional humanitario (dih), para así desvelar las incompatibilidades existentes entre estas con los principios del dih. En segundo lugar, se pretende demostrar las incompatibilidades entre las armas autónomas y los principios y normas que integran el dih. Además, se expone la responsabilidad que incumbe a los distintos actores frente a la vulneración de los principios y las normas aplicables a este tipo de armas autónomas. Por último, se propone decretar su prohibición para futuros conflictos armados, tanto internacionales como no internacionales. La hipótesis de este trabajo radica en que el uso de las armas autónomas puede desencadenar un mayor número de conflictos en todo el mundo y, lo que es más preocupante, un mayor número de víctimas y de infracciones al dih. Por lo expuesto, y para el cumplimiento de los objetivos planteados, se analizan las doctrinas, jurisprudencias, normas convencionales y consuetudinarias del dih a la luz del uso de las armas autónomas durante los conflictos armados.
Algunos retos en la judicialización de medios de guerra ilícitos por parte de la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz: las armas empleadas por las antiguas farc-ep como caso de estudio
Authors: Ariza Topahueso Julián Andrés
Published: December 2022

Este artículo examina algunos retos que la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (jep) enfrenta para investigar y juzgar el uso de medios de guerra ilícitos. Para esto, se analizan los marcos normativos con los que cuenta la jep y se identifican algunos desafíos relacionados con su interpretación y aplicabilidad. Este análisis toma como caso de estudio algunas decisiones de la Sala de Amnistía o Indulto (sai) donde ya se han resuelto varios de estos problemas jurídicos. De igual manera, el artículo aborda un asunto inexplorado hasta ahora, que tiene que ver con el tratamiento de conductas que implican el uso de medios de guerra ilícitos desde un enfoque macrocriminal. Para este propósito, se examinan los retos metodológicos y probatorios que esto supondría y se sugiere la selección temprana de casos graves y representativos como una alternativa que la Sala de Reconocimiento de Verdad, Responsabilidad y de Determinación de los Hechos y Conductas (srvr) podría considerar para superarlos. Algunos acápites se refieren, en particular, a ciertos medios de guerra empleados por antiguos miembros de las farc-ep, debido a su riqueza ilustrativa y al hecho de que una gran parte estos constituían armas de fabricación improvisada.
Mandala - path of integration
Authors: Donnalley Eryn
Published: December 2022

Personal mandalas are being increasingly used in therapeutic and clinical settings to enhance psychological well-being, integrate trauma, reduce negative mood states, and increase self-knowledge. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of five individuals creating three personal mandalas with the underlying goal to understand if they entered an altered state of consciousness. Data analysis revealed the following nine common themes amongst participants: time perception change, increase in positive feeling/decrease in negative feeling, self-agency/self-love, intuition and inner communication, mandala as meditation, transcendental quality, expression, connection, new insights/perspectives. Results indicated that all five participants experienced creating mandalas as a meditation, and four of five participants showed markers of an altered state of consciousness. Individuals may find mandalas a valuable, sustainable practice to mitigate discontented states and mental dis-ease.
TURKISH INTERVENTION IN SYRIA AND GEOSTRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS ON THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: MORARU Andrei-Cristian
Published: December 2022

Operation "Peace Spring" is an event of major importance in understanding the relationship between Turkey and Syria, the future relations between the two states and the European and international community.Turkey's design of a security zone has created stability for the state in question and destabilized the entire region at the societal level. Thus, the instability generated is a vulnerability for European and international security, and can be exploited by countries that oppose the democratization process or countries that have political andfinancial interests in that area. In today's society, disinformation is a real risk, being a measure implemented by many state and non-state actors in order to achieve security objectives. The phenomenon is also present in the current case study, playing an important role in the evolution of regional instability. The implications for the European Union security stem from soft-power influences in the collective minds of imperialist states that threaten the continent, the continued disinformation of policymakers, and the influence of decision-making indemocratic states. The Operation set a precedent for the current military conflicts in the vicinity of Romania, being visible the intention of the Russian Federation to create a "safety zone", following the recent expansion of democratic and societal values.
THE ROLE OF INTUITION IN MILITARY DECISIONS
Authors: AIONESEI George Adrian
Published: December 2022

Over the course of history, the decision-making process was at stake for many military commanders and their ability to act in critical situations. All historical events occurred as a result of powerful people making either a beneficial or detrimental decision. Therefore, the first part of the paper will be focused on the importance and the main elements of the decision-making process. Furthermore, the complexities of this process will be displayed along with the limitations that can influence the decision-maker. Also, the approach that a leader might choose affects the outcome of a specific situation. In the second part, attention will be directed at intuition as a favorable attribute for the leaders of the armed forces and how it can be taught in order to achieve the intuitive judgement necessary in the military. This paper’s goal is to analyze the effectiveness of using intuition in the military decision-making process rather than the rational evaluation that has been used and taught for years. Because military circumstances are so fluid these days, the decision-making process is hampered by a dangerous tempo of action, disordered intelligence, and agitated activity rather than a basic, easy-to-implement approach. In such situations, decision-making is rarely clear and objectively rational but rather intuitive.
THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON WARFARE
Authors: BALMUȘ Cătălin , CRAMAR Ioan , CRAMAR Andreea-Alexandra
Published: December 2022

Over human history, war has been documented since people tend to conflict over territories and control of resources. Over centuries, was became an integral element in demonstrating strength and poweramong states and plays a significant role in the international system. The paper looks into the impact of technology on warfare by focusing on elements like autonomous vehicles, ethical conflicts posed by autonomous vehicles, the proliferation of war and human suffering, and stealth technology and aerial combat. Technologyplays a significant role in modern warfare due to new approaches to making, moving, and concealing military equipment. In addition to improvements in weaponry, technology has played another important role, forcing the military leadership to develop new tactics, techniques, and procedures to be able to reduce or negate the advantages of intelligent weapons. There has also been the proliferation of war and displacement of people. Cyberwars and aerial combat have taken a new shape where the latter uses stealth technology to avoid detectionand launch surprise attacks on enemies. The advent of stealth technology, as well as sophisticated guidance capabilities, has helped reducing collateral damage, nevertheless, it has also led to more human suffering, as shown by nuclear weapons, autonomous vehicles, and deadlier arsenal.
THE INFLUENCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC DECLINE ON MILITARY STRUCTURES
Authors: BOGANTOIU Cristian
Published: December 2022

The human factor is the main value-creating resource of an army. The presentation aims to highlight the overall influence of the demographic decline in recent years on the process of generating military structures.By analysing the approach to policies adopted to ensure national security and defence, the causal links between demographic indicators and the evolution of economic development, the trend in population size and the characteristics of age generations, the article highlights the creation of a new perspective on attracting human capital to the military profession. Focusing on the study of the evolution of demographic indicators, trends and forecasts, it also reveals the creation of premises in the development of the employer brand of the military institution on the labour market. With more than 12 years of experience in the field of human resources management in the Romanian Army up to their strategic level, both in the field of recruiting personnel for the military profession and in the field of personnel management, I have observed different behaviours of individuals depending on their origin, professional training, financial motivation, age generations, behaviours that I believe are directly influenced by the evolution of demographic indicators on society in general. The article concludes that it needs to be developed in detail in order to draw up guidelines for promoting the military profession, recruiting human resources and building a predictable and stable military personnel management system
IMPLICATION OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ”SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS” ON ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY IN ROMANIA
Authors: COJAN Nicușor
Published: December 2022

Climate change is affecting the environment and humanity globally by increasing the average surface temperature, extreme weather events, changing rainfall patterns, rising sea levels and acidification of the oceans. Climate change is now having an impact on all countries on every continent, disrupting national economies and people's livelihoods as resources, food and water become scarcer. To address these risks and threats to security and even the existence of life, in 2015, the United Nations General Assembly (UN) in New York adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This document aims, through its 17 objectives, a better future for humanity, in response to the identified threats, being structured on three pillars of sustainable development – economic, social and environmental. The 2030 Agenda was adopted and subsequently implemented by the European Union, through the Communication "Next Steps for a Sustainable European Future" of November 22, 2016 and by Romania, through the "National Strategy for the Sustainable Development of Romania 2030" of November 9, 2018.
KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS SPECIFIC TOTHE HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
Authors: GRIGORAȘ Narcis-Vasile
Published: December 2022

In this paper I want to present the value that the human resources department brings to the organization of which it is part. It consists in its ability to fulfill its role of activating the development of human capital and its sustainability. Long-term performance and market leadership could not be achieved by organizations without motivated, hard-working employees and a strong sense of loyalty to the employer. Throughout the process that employees go through since joining the organization, the human resources module needs to be aware of the importance of actively implementing performance management tools in order to monitor key activities. In order for performance management to function optimally in a department, the objectives and functions to be performed by this team must be identified in accordance with the organization'sstrategy. Then, the most representative and relevant key performance indicators are chosen for the mutually agreed objectives. And in the second part of the paper, I will present a case study of the application of these key performance indicators on the units of the Romanian Army.
THE GENDER EQUALITY PERSPECTIVE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE SUSTAINABILITY OF HUMAN RESOURCE IN THE MILITARY ORGANIZATION, IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: HRAB Daniela-Elena
Published: December 2022

This article focused on offering a preliminary view on the most important areas in which gender equality perspective, one of the sustainable development goals, can contribute to the sustainability of human resource in the military organization and the possible effects. First, the article investigated, through a literature review approach, the conceptual dimensions of defense human resource sustainability, proposing a conceptual model which could be applied by military decision-makers to enhance the efficiency of human resource management and to contribute to the sustainability of military organization, in the context of sustainable development. Second, the article explored relevant documents, to identify the military approach to gendered issues, revealing some commonalities with the subsequent targets of the sustainable development goals and highlighting the emergence of a new military capability, represented by women’s empowerment. Finally, the proposed sustainability model and the military gender equality perspective represented a framework for identifying the contribution gender equality perspective could have to the sustainability of defense human resource. In this respect, recent statistics and the analysis of some specific on-line content offered valuable information on the practical benefits of the gender equality perspective. To conclude, this study highlights theneed that the military human resource management adapt its policies, to ensure a positive contribution of the gender perspective to the permanent and functional availability of its human resource
PERSPECTIVES ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF NATIONAL MILITARY STRUCTURES SO AS TO ADAPT TO THE ALLIED CONTEXT
Authors: Lehaci Niculai-Tudorel
Published: December 2022

The complexity of the security situation at international and especially regional level, generated by Russia's aggression against Ukraine, accentuates the need to develop and strengthen the North Atlantic Alliance's collective deterrence and defence posture. The collective defence system is and will remain an effective element in geopolitical equations, especially in the current context, when the threat spectrum is unprecedentedly diverse, and the system is NATO's main objective. Against the backdrop of these challenges, following the financial crisis and in particular since 2014, with the NATO Summit in the UK (4-5 September 2014), there has been a demand at Allied level for a robust set of defence capabilities capable of responding effectively to the full spectrum of threats and supporting NATO's political and strategic objectives in the coming phases. Initiatives such as the 'Defence Capability Building', the 'Interoperability Platform' or the 'Connected Forces Initiative', together with the gradual increase of defence budgets to reach the 2% of GDP target, have been aspirations adopted by Member States and largely imposed at national level. Subsequent Summits since 2014 have made significant progress in strengthening NATO capabilities and adapting the Alliance to the current geopolitical reality. Therefore, as the types of threats confronted seem to evolve and acquire increasingly diverse features, states and their instruments, in turn, must undergo a process of transformation and adaptation, both individually, at state level, and in the allied context. Transformation is a constant challenge and requirement for the Alliance and its members, which will have to be faced continuously.
QUESTIONNAIRE TO IDENTIFY THE SPECIFIC NEEDS OF STUDENTS INVOLVED IN COUNSELING
Authors: MARDAR Sorina Mihaela , RÎȘNOVEANU Adriana
Published: December 2022

: One of the aims of the education system is social and professional integration of young graduates. But in the ever-changing world we live in today, choosing a career becomes a very difficult task. Today's students, subjected to the flow of information from a very young age, enter school with a great deal of knowledge about the world around them. The extracurricular activities in which they participate during the school years open their horizons of thought and many of them may be attracted to several areas, thus being in a very difficult position: what to choose, when I find that I am attracted to more things/professions and I think I can do them well? Therefore, career counseling becomes extremely important in the life of any young person. Counseling refers to a process in which a professional establishes a relationship – based on trust – with a person who needs support. During this process, the young student expresses his/hers ideas and feelings about a problem and receives support in clarifying their meanings, in identifying value patterns based on which solutions will be formulated. The counseling process involves guiding a young person to a profession for which he/she shows interests and skills. At the heart of this process one can find self-knowledge, vocational education, career education, exploration and career planning.
SNAKE ISLAND – BLACK SEA STRATEGIC AREA
Authors: TĂNASE (MĂXINEANU) Lavinia Elena , MANEA (ALEXANDRU) Roxana
Published: December 2022

In this article, we will analyze the strategic importance of the Snake Island for the entire Black Sea area and even the European and NATO countries, which are non-riparian states. Utilizing historical analysis as a research method, we will objectively state the importance of the island throughout history while also pointing out some contemporary elements. In addition, we will focus on the political, military, and economic factors that motivated Russian forces' decision to launch an attack on the first day that hostilities broke out between Ukraine and Russia. For this reason, after Ukraine had already lost both control of the Crimean Peninsula and free access to the Azov Sea, the seizure of Snake Island by Russian forces was most likely planned well in advance, as  a tactical operation with strategic implications, for the purpose of cutting off Ukraine’s maritime routes and denying access to all of its sea lines of communication. Another factor of great importance is the island's location, which presents the possibility of basing military assets on the island in order to conduct intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) operations and even pose a threat on the eastern frontier of NATO with the probable deployment of mobile multi-layered missile systems
C5ISR-D – APPLICABILITY OF THE CONCEPT IN NAVAL FORCES
Authors: TĂNASE (MĂXINEANU) Lavinia Elena , MANEA (ALEXANDRU) Roxana
Published: December 2022

C5ISR is an acronym that stands for command, control, communications, combat systems, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance. It plays a vital role in both combat missions and military operations by supplying real-time information to military forces so that they can make the necessary decisions while they are engaged in combat. This article aims to analyze how C5ISR systems may be effectively integrated onboard maritime platforms such as ships or submarines, including shore-based command centers, in order to enhance mission effectiveness. Incorporating artificial intelligence into the decision-making process (D), planners will be provided with optimal solutions for establishing mission objectives and priorities, as well as the most effective means of achieving them. The first aspect that will be covered, is a description of C2 architecture, which is really the foundation for C4ISR, C5ISR, and even C6ISR. Following, we connected this essential debate into a summarization of the differences between the aforementioned systems, providing answers regarding their implications, meaning, and constant upgrading. Throughout this study, after a process of data collection and analysis, we will also enumerate some of the major players in the C5ISR Market and mention a few technical systems that are already present in the maritime operational environment.
PARTICULARITIES OF CONTROL IN THE ROMANIAN ARMY
Authors: Stanciu Cristian-Octavian , BICHIR Răzvan-Ștefan
Published: December 2022

The control and inspection corps was established on 20.02.2007 by merging the General Inspectorate of the Ministry of National Defense with the Control Corps, being the successor of the institution "Inspector General in the Romanian Army" established on April 1, 1910, by High Royal Decree no. 1217, signed by King Carol I. According to this document, the first inspector general of the army was appointed FERDINAND I, the heir to the throne of Romania, division general, commander of the Second Army Corps and inspector of the cavalry. Fields of activity, according to the provisions of art. 16 of Law no. 346 of July 21, 2006 with the subsequent amendments and completions regarding the organization and functioning of the Ministry of National Defense, are the following: 1) The control and inspection body elaborates the general regulatory framework of inspection and control activities in the Ministry of National Defense; 2) The control and inspection body investigates / verifies, on order, issues necessary to inform the ministry's management to substantiate decisions; 3) The control and inspection body elaborates policies and regulations specific to the Ministry of National Defense in the field of environmental protection and that of occupational safety and health, coordinates, monitors and controls their integration/application in the army.
THE REGIME AND EFFECTIVENESS OF 2022 ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AGAINST THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Băhnăreanu Cristian
Published: December 2022

In the early 2022, the world economy is recovering from the decline caused by Covid-19 pandemic –the central banks being prepared to gradually withdraw fiscal and monetary support. The Russian military’s invasion of Ukraine and subsequent sanctions have reversed this trend and risks and uncertainty have suddenly returned amid rising energy, food and other important commodity prices, inflationary pressures, deterioration in financial and labor market conditions. This paper outlines the general framework of economic sanctions, reviews the sanctions adopted by the international community against Russia in the first 100 days of brutal, unjustified and unprovoked illegal military aggression against Ukraine, and identifies their effectiveness and impact on Russia’s economic and financial system.
STRATEGIC AEROSPACE APPROACH IN THE CONTEXT OF SECURITY AND SPACE INDUSTRY
Authors: POPESCU Vasile Florin
Published: December 2022

The aerospace, defense, security and space industries are important strategic sectors for the EU, contributing to each country's national security and economic prosperity. These highly productive sectors provide thousands of jobs, delivering sustainable growth in every region and nation of the EU. Creating Romania's strengths in these sectors will help increase productivity across the country and ensure that Romania can become one of the best places in the world to innovate, do business and create jobs. This paper is the result of an analysis of the international literature and seeks to highlight the need to invest in space capabilities to meet national goals: military success and defense strategy, leadership and prestige, resource development and management, and economic growth and diversification. For this, the research method chosen for this study is a qualitative one that involved cross-sectional and longitudinal exploratory studies of the literature. The data collection and interpretation was done in the context in which most states are in the process of defining and / or consolidating aerospace strategies
TRANSFORMATIONS DETERMINED BY THE EMERGENCE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN THE MILITARY FIELD
Authors: GIMIGA Silviu-Iulian , STANCIU Cristian-Octavian
Published: December 2022

Rivalries between the great powers of the world have always been the main cause of the outbreak of world wars. Industrial-technological revolutions have constantly influenced the life of society and implicitly the military power of each nation. The emergence of new military technologies determines radical and complex changes in the structure, principles and fighting methods used in the Romanian Army. New technologies have been, are and will be the key to maintaining the Romanian Army in international military structures as well asthe basis for the gradual development of its own military industry. The investments in high technologies, national infrastructure but also in National Defense domain can be the engine of economical growth of our country and by consequence, increasing global credibility upon Romania`s capabilities. The evolution of the informational domain convinced us that always the operational environment is constantly changing, which determines the adaptation of military technologies based on scientific discoveries and everyday realities. Technologicalsuperiority represented by artificial intelligence, quantum physics, 5 G technology, can be used as a Trojan horse to act violently on a military power that does not keep up with the development of technology. Technological progress means life improvement, but it can also bring new challenges or problems. Therefore, political goals must support the country`s national defense strategy to limit and overcome potential enemies.
MODELLING AND SIMULATION AS A SERVICE (MSaaS) - EVOLUTION OF THE ALLIED FRAMEWORK WITHIN NATO
Authors: IAGĂRU Elena-Lavinia
Published: December 2022

NATO Modelling and Simulation Group (NMSG), the Alliance's modelling and simulation body, has focused its efforts in recent years on developing the concept of Modelling and Simulation as a Service (MSaaS), which aims to solve the difficulties in terms of cost and interoperability between existing modelling and simulation systems within Member States. The concept is based on cloud computing and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and its main objective is to assure improved flexibility, better accessibility and scalability, with lower costs for modelling and simulation applications. Advances in service-oriented architecture (SOA) and cloud computing are an opportunity to improve the use of modelling and simulation capabilities within NATO. MSaaS is based on the idea of being able to use a computer product without a major investment in hardware, software, staff and infrastructure. Thus, the military user can be situated in a central location, while the services offered can be available through the network. The research and development activities of MSaaS within NATO were undertaken by the NATO Modelling and Simulation Group (NMSG) on the basis of a multi-stage structured strategy, which started in 2013. At present, the implementation strategy is in MSaaS Specification and Validation phase, to be completed in 2022.
ИСЛАМ ДҮЙНӨСҮНДӨ ИЛИМ ЖАНА ТЕХНИКА
Authors: Sezgin Fuat
Published: December 2022

"Science and Technology in Islam" is, besides "History of Arab-Islamic Literature", one of Fuat Sezgin's most important works. The five-volume work, published in 2003, aims to introduce the scientific and technical tools and equipment designed by Muslim scholars in the history of science and technology and reproduced by Fuat Sezgin on the basis of written sources for exhibition in the Museum of the History of Arab-Islamic Sciences in Frankfurt. The first volume, titled Introduction to the History of Arab-Islamic Sciences, is a unique text that reflects all of Fuat Sezgin's academic experience and accumulation of knowledge. Using the facts and viewpoints provided, this volume also seeks to address the following essential questions what scientific breakthroughs have resulted from Islamic culture, what cultural and technological products have been revealed, and which names have risen to prominence as a result? How did these studies make their way to the West, and how did they contribute to the development of contemporary science? What causes the Islamic world's scientific progress to stagnate and reverse? Is this kind of impasse and regress possible? What is the next stage for Islamic civilization, which has been stagnant and in decline for nearly 350 years? Fuat Sezgin was stimulated by these topics, which were not just intellectual but also philosophical, throughout his life. Science and Technology in Islam provide an informative and convincing response to him.
CADASTRO AMBIENTAL RURAL (CAR): CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA BASE DE DADOS, DO ANDAMENTO DAS ANÁLISES E DO PERFIL DOS IMÓVEIS INSCRITOS
Authors: Lopes Possato Ernani , Simões Lorenzon Alexandre , Viana Gomes de Magalhães Salles , Lisboa Filho Jugurta , Ulysséa Leal Soares Lucas , Raimundo Lopes Pinto Samuel , Oliveira SouzaCruz Talita , Afonso de Souza Matos Alves Nicolas , de Rezende Douglas
Published: December 2022

O código florestal completa dez anos de vigência em 2022. Dentre as exigências contidas na lei que dispõe sobre a proteção da vegetação nativa está a obrigatoriedade do Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR) dos imóveis rurais, instrumento pensado como forma de integrar as informações ambientais em uma base de dados a ser utilizada para o controle, monitoramento e planejamento ambiental dos imóveis rurais no país. Passo inicial para a regularização ambiental, a inscrição no CAR foi realizada de forma massiva e atualmente milhões de proprietários e possuidores rurais aguardam a análise do cadastro por parte dos órgãos ambientais estaduais, para prosseguir para as etapas seguintes e enfim ter a condição ambiental do imóvel regularizada. A proposta deste trabalho foi avaliar a base de dados públicos do CAR, assim como analisar o perfil dos imóveis inscritos e o andamento das análises dos cadastros, por parte dos órgãos ambientais. Para isso, foram baixados dados do CAR em formato vetorial de todo o território brasileiro, disponibilizados por município no sítio eletrônico do Sistema Nacional de Cadastro Ambiental Rural e atualizados até 13 de dezembro de 2021. Foi possível baixar os dados de 5.560 municípios, que totalizaram 6.511.394 registros, mas após a detecção e remoção de registros repetidos na base de dados, o total de registros únicos passou a ser de 6.506.910 de imóveis. Outro problema detectado na base de dados foi a falta de padronização da forma da escrita para uma mesma condição de análise do cadastro, como por exemplo, o uso ou não de acentuação de palavras e de uso ou não de letras maiúsculas ou minúsculas em todas as letras das palavras. O perfil predominante dos imóveis inscritos no CAR é do tipo rural, com até 4 módulos fiscais, está com o cadastro em situação ativa e aguardando a análise por parte do órgão ambiental. Ainda restam 6.175.941 de inscrições do CAR a serem analisadas e, na maioria dos municípios, nenhum imóvel inscrito passou por algum tipo de análise. Apesar de incipientes em números absolutos, até dezembro de 2021 os procedimentos de análises dos cadastros estavam mais avançados proporcionalmente nos estados do Amapá, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Pará e Rondônia.
The Effect of Puzzle Playing on Smooth Motor Development in Children Aged 5-6 Years at TK. Kumara Canthi (Kindergarten) Singaraja
Authors: Heri Mochamad , Agus Ari Pratama  , Ariana Putu Agus , Ayu Krisna Dewi Kadek
Published: December 2022

Preschool children are children aged 36-72 months who have their own characteristics in terms of growth and development. Every child experiences growth and development differently. Usually growth and development in preschool children is a problem that usually occurs in fine motor development. Management of smooth motor development in preschool children can be done by providing educational games such as puzzles. This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of playing puzzles on smooth motor skills in children aged 5-6 years at Kumara Canthi Kindergarten Singaraja. Pre-experimental research design with one group pretest-posttest design . The population used in this study were children aged 5-6 years in TK Kumara Canthi Singaraja. The sample size used was 34 respondents who were selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data collection techniques using Denver II and SOP puzzle. This shows that there is an Influence of Playing Puzzles on Subtle Motoric Development in Children Aged 5-6 Years in TK Kumara Canthi Singaraja.
Life Review Therapy (Melidupa) Effective to Increase the Sexual Quality of Life of Elderly Women in Banjar Gelumpang, Sukawati Village
Authors: Emmawati Ni Kadek , Agustini IGA Ratih , Prihandhani IGAA Sherlyna , Putu Muliani Purnama Dewi Desak
Published: December 2022

The Elderly are often faced with problem, one of which is decreasing sexual function to 86%, this can lead to decrease in sexual quality of life elderly. The low quality of sexual life can affect their health thereby increasing the burden of family dependency. One of the treatments to improve the sexual quality of life is by giving life review therapy which is a therapy for telling stories of past experiences. This study aims to determine the effect of life review therapy on the sexual quality of life in elderly women. This study uses Quasi-Experimental, a one-group pretest-posttest design for the elderly which are aged 60-74 years. Collecting data using the SQOL-F questionnaire. The results of the pretest showed that the majority of the elderly's sexual quality of life was low at 14 (66.7%). The majority of post-test results have a good sexual quality of life 16 (76.2%). There is a difference in the sexual quality of life between the pretest and posttest p-value = 0.001 (α <0.05). It can be concluded that there is an effect of life review therapy on the sexual quality of life in elderly women in Banjar Gelumpang, Sukawati Village.
Thorax CT Scan Image on Covid-19 Confirmed Samples
Authors: Syahrir Syahrir , Fahrul M. Muhammad , Normawati Sitti , Nurhasmi Nurhasmi
Published: December 2022

Thorax photos with CT scans can be used to monitor development and diagnose lung abnormalities due to COVID-19. This study aims to find out the results of CT Scan Thorax analysis of COVID-19 patients. The number of samples used as many as 30 samples using quantitative research methods with a descriptive approach. The results in this study showed from 30 samples 80% there is a picture of Pneumonia with other images such as GGO, Consolidation and accompanied by water bronchogram, Crazy Paving, and Halo Sign.
Efektivitas Air Perasan Daun Pandan Wangi Dalam Pengendalian Vektor Lalat Rumah (Musca Domestica)
Authors: Yunicho Yunicho , Wahyuni Andi Sry , Adam Pratiwi
Published: December 2022

Musca domestica merupakan jenis spesies lalat yang dikenal sebagai pembawa penyakit dan banyak dijumpai di tempat-tempat yang terdapat sampah basah hasil buangan rumah tangga, terutama yang kaya zat-zat organik yang mudah membusuk. Kebiasaan lalat mencari makanan dan berkembang biak di tempat sampah menyebabkan bermacam-macam mikroorganisme penyebab penyakit yang menempel pada kaki lalat dan rambut halus di sekujur tubuh lalat tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas konsentrasi 50%, 70% dan 90% daun pandan wangi dalam membunuh lalat rumah (musca domestica). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain posttest only with control group. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kematian Musca domestica terendah terdapat pada konsentrasi 50% sebanyak 15 ekor dan kematian tertinggi pada konsentrasi 90% sebanyak 30 ekor. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi air perasan daun pandan wangi semakin efektif dalam membunuh lalat rumah (Musca domestica). Air perasan daun pandan wangi dapat dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai insektisida tanaman yang ramah terhadap lingkungan.
Analisis Korelasi Komposisi Jaringan Thorak dengan Dosis Radiasi yang Diterima Pasien pada Pemeriksaan CT Scan Thorak
Authors:   Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kraton Kabupaten Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah, Heryani Heryani , Anam Choirul ,   Departemen Fisika, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa tengah, Reskianto Ari Dwi ,   Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kraton Kabupaten Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah
Published: December 2022

The use of computed tomography scanners (CT scans) for medical purposes has increased rapidly since the 1970s. The most significant increase in the use of CT scans for adults is screening patients with early-stage lung cancer, heart disease, and the rest of the body. The number of Chest CT scans has also increased during the Covid-19 pandemic in the past year, supporting the detection of Covid-19 virus infection. However, CT Scan results in higher exposure to ionizing radiation than conventional X-ray imaging procedures. The purpose of the study was to obtain the correlation between radiation dose received by patients in Chest CT with the composition of the tissues in the thorax. This study used a retrospective method, which was carried out on the images of 100 patients in digital imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM) format obtained from January to December 2021 at the Kraton Hospital Radiology Installation, Pekalongan Regency, Central Java. The data were processed using Matlab software with the CT number segmentation script and IndoseCT 20b-alpha software. The large volume of soft tissue in the thorax affects the CTDIvol, SSDE, and effective dose values, evidenced by the p-value <0.05. The large volume of bone in the chest organs also affects the CTDIvol, SSDE, and effective dose values, evidenced by the p-value <0.05. However, the large volume of air in the chest organs does not affect the CTDIvol, SSDE, and effective dose values, evidenced by the p-value> 0.05. This is because the volume of soft tissue and bone in the chest affects the measured dose on a CT scan, while air volume does not affect the dose. Keywords: Composition of the chest, Radiation dose, Chest CT Scan
Awareness of Higher Secondary School Students on Emergency Management of Electric Shock -A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: George Betcy
Published: December 2022

Aim A descriptive study was conducted to assess the awareness of higher secondary school students on emergency management of electric shock in a selected school at Kolenchery, Ernakulam District, Kerala in a view to develop an informational pamphlet. Background Electricity is very useful to mankind, and it can be dangerous if not carefully used. Electric burns can be caused by lowvoltage or high-voltage currents. Electrical current exposes people to a serious, widespread hazard; practically all members of society are exposed to electrical energy during the performance of their daily duties, and electrocutions occur to workers in various job categories. Many people especially children are unaware of the potential electrical hazards present in their living environment, which makes them more vulnerable to the danger of electrocution. The present study was aimed at assessing the awareness of higher secondary school students regarding emergency management of electric shock. Objectives The objectives of the study were • To assess the awareness of higher secondary school students on emergency management of electric shock in a view to develop an informational pamphlet • To find the association of awareness of higher secondary school students with selected demographic variables. Methods Descriptive analytical approach was used for the study among 120 samples by using convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using structured knowledge questionnaire. A pamphlet on emergency management of electric shock was distributed to the students at the end of the study to enhance their knowledge. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The result of the study showed that none of the students had good knowledge, 53.7% of the students had average knowledge and 46.3% had poor knowledge regarding emergency management of electric shock. The study also concluded that there is a significant association between the group of study (science stream) of students and knowledge. Conclusion The study conducted among 120 school students concluded that most of the students had poor knowledge about emergency management of electric shock. The study also witnessed that there is a significant association between the group of study (science stream) of students and knowledge level.