bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Géopolitique des forêts tropicales
Authors: Karsenty Alain
Published: October 2021

Le phénomène des « mégafeux » de l’été a attiré l’attention sur l’importance des forêts, en particulier les grandes forêts tropicales. Leur contribution écologique est menacée par divers facteurs et les politiques mises en œuvre ne sont pas toujours à la hauteur des enjeux. La sauvegarde de ces forêts passe par des initiatives qui prennent davantage en compte les populations locales.
Questions raciales, coloniales et environnementales
Authors: Ndiaye Pap , Sarthou-Lajus Nathalie
Published: October 2021

Spécialiste de l’histoire sociale des États-Unis et de la condition noire, Pap Ndiaye est le nouveau directeur général du Palais de la Porte-Dorée. Cet édifice monumental qui fut le Musée des colonies et de la France extérieure, héberge aujourd’hui le Musée national de l’histoire de l’immigration (MNHI) ainsi qu’un aquarium tropical. L’historien entend y mener de front les questions raciales, coloniales et environnementales qui reviennent sur le devant de la scène politique.
Lire les Beiträge zur Philosophie de Heidegger
Authors: Fagniez Guillaume
Published: October 2021

➤ Cette étude tente d’élucider l’opposition établie dans les Beiträge zur Philosophie entre vision du monde et philosophie, en la faisant apparaître comme prolongement d’un « problème de la Weltanschauung  » constamment repris depuis les premiers cours de Heidegger. Dans la phénoménologie de la vie du jeune Heidegger, la philosophie relève en effet, avec la même nécessité, de la science et de la vision du monde. Cette tension se résout dans la période marbourgeoise grâce à une détermination « métaphysico-transcendantale » de la vision du monde qui légitime son statut philosophique, mais au prix d’un « subjectivisme » auquel Heidegger entend justement renoncer. La vision du monde doit alors être dépassée et située dans l’« histoire de l’être », ce à quoi s’emploient les textes contemporains aux Beiträge .
Lire les Beiträge zur Philosophie de Heidegger
Authors: Nitsche Martin , Bierhanzl Jan
Published: October 2021

➤ La thèse de cette étude consiste à affirmer que, dans les Beiträge zur Philosophie , Heidegger revient dans une certaine mesure à la méthode de Husserl. Heidegger fait sienne et puis développe l’effort méthodique husserlien de transformer les relations linéaires à l’objet en une structure du champ phénoménologique. Thématiquement, il comprend ces dernières d’abord comme le champ relationnel du sens de l’être ( i.e. comme Dasein ), puis comme le champ ouvert de la vérité, voire du découvert. L’accent mis sur le caractère « entre-deux ( zwischen ) » du champ relationnel est un élément clé des Beiträge zur Philosophie . Or ce champ de l’entre-deux ne s’ouvre pas, comme chez Husserl, à travers la mise entre parenthèses des pôles extrêmes de la relation, mais il s’étend depuis le point du milieu ( Mitte ). Le milieu est compris par Heidegger comme point qui s’étend en champ. Dans une perspective phénoménologique plus détaillée, il est dès lors considéré comme site que l’on atteint par le saut de la pensée dans l’expérience du refus opposé du sens de l’être. Le fait que cette expérience culmine dans le point du milieu revire enfin en une structure d’un champ s’élargissant.
Une question d’arithmétique varronienne : ling . X 43-44
Authors: Bonnet Guillaume
Published: October 2021

Le traité De lingua Latina , notoirement altéré, a fait l’objet de multiples corrections pour en redresser le texte, qui, en l’état, sert mal un raisonnement complexe et bien éloigné de notre idée du discours linguistique. Jusqu’à présent, tous les éditeurs se sont accordés pour rejeter comme absurde un chiffre, uicenaria centenaria , qui vient conclure en X, 44 une illustration du processus analogique. Le présent article vise à comprendre ce chiffre, ce qui revient à le réintégrer à la démonstration dont les contours trouvent alors une nouvelle dimension.
Le mot κοίρανος dans l’épopée homérique
Authors: Libé Nathalie
Published: October 2021

Cet article a pour but de comprendre l’évolution sémantique de κοίρανος en fonction du contexte politique de l’épopée homérique, ainsi que les effets d’intertextualité naissant de ses différents emplois. Dans l’ Iliade , le κοίρανος a pour fonction militaire de galvaniser et mettre en ordre les troupes. Il a une connotation positive car il est la marque d’une direction concertée de l’armée. Dans l’ Odyssée , le κοίρανος est l’héritier d’une aristocratie guerrière qui tente de profiter de l’affaiblissement de l’ἄναξ pour établir un pouvoir usurpateur. Sa connotation est négative car Ulysse veut régner en roi incontesté et refuse de partager le pouvoir.
Histoire du verbe grec ΑΓΗΛΑΤΕΙΝ à l’interface entre dérivation, incorporation et composition
Authors: Ragot Pierre
Published: October 2021

Dans le présent article, on montre que le verbe ἁγηλατέω est un dénominatif à suffixe zéro issu du composé agentif *ἁγηλάτης et qu’en dépit du lien sémantique qui le rattache à la périphrase ἄγος ἐλαύνειν, il signifie toujours « chasser quelqu’un comme sacrilège » et non « chasser un sacrilège ». La rétrogradation syntaxique du premier terme du composé en position de complément circonstanciel et la promotion d’un autre terme en position de complément d’objet direct, que l’on peut considérer comme un fait d’incorporation nominale, s’expliquent probablement par l’obscurcissement de la frontière morphologique entre les deux membres du composé, ce qui invite à voir dans ἁγ- non pas une forme du neutre sigmatique ἅγ-ος, mais une trace de l’ancien nom-racine.
Alice Jouenne, une militante pionnière de l’Éducation nouvelle en France
Authors: Gachet Maryline , Seguy Jean-Yves
Published: October 2021

Alice Jouenne est une actrice majeure de l’Éducation nouvelle en France. Pédagogue engagée dans la politique, le syndicalisme et la coopération, elle occupe le terrain des débats et de la propagande et fait circuler les idées entre ces univers. Surtout active dans la décennie des années 1920 dans le monde pédagogique, ses positionnements par rapport à la LIEN préfigurent les relations du GFEN et de la LIEN des années 1930. Soucieuse d’éprouver les idées par la pratique, novatrice et progressiste, elle matérialise ses conceptions de l’Éducation nouvelle à l’École de Plein Air de Paris.
Madeleine de Jaureguiberry, pour une pédagogie de la langue basque
Authors: Alcomendy Argia
Published: October 2021

Cet article concerne le renouvellement de l’enseignement officiel en Pays basque avec l’intégration de la langue basque à l’école à partir des années 1950. Le rôle de Madeleine de Jauréguiberry a été décisif dans les débuts de l’association pédagogique IKAS. Elle a contribué à la diffusion d‘un enseignement novateur de la langue. Nous proposons d’analyser l’apport de l’institutrice à cette modernité éducative. Cette étude réalisée à travers l’analyse des articles de la revue culturelle Gure herria , parus entre les années 1930 et 1960 met en lumière l’identité de cette militante de l’éducation, en proposant une réflexion pédagogique sur un enseignement moderne de la langue basque, conçu et mis en pratique en classe par une femme.
De l’école du père Castor à l’école nouvelle d’Antony, l’itinéraire de Marie Rist, entre héritage et expérimentation
Authors: Kolebka Hélène
Published: October 2021

À la lumière de l’héritage pédagogique de Frantisek Bakule et de Paul Faucher, cet article rend compte de l’itinéraire de Marie Rist (1912-1996), enseignante à l’école du Père Castor et fondatrice de l’École Nouvelle d’Antony en 1961. Ses pratiques pédagogiques, fondées sur la filiation à ces deux personnalités de l’éducation nouvelle, vont évoluer en fonction des rencontres que cette pédagogue méconnue fera tout au long de sa vie. Infatigable militante, Marie Rist aura à cœur de combattre l’illettrisme et de promouvoir l’éducation nouvelle auprès des enfants de toutes origines.
« M lle Renée, bonne à tout faire de l’enseignement »
Authors: Boussion Samuel
Published: October 2021

Un cahier à spirale entièrement couvert de notes et retrouvé au cœur des archives d’un médecin français, directeur d’une institution médico-pédagogique dans les années 1930, donne l’occasion de retracer le parcours de son autrice, une institutrice bruxelloise : Renée Vanden Bossche. Celle-ci y a en effet consigné ses souvenirs professionnels, parfois personnels, au fil d’une carrière entamée après la Première Guerre mondiale et achevée dans les années 1960. Decrolyenne du second cercle, totalement méconnue, elle n’a eu de cesse de tenter de diffuser des méthodes pédagogiques considérées comme modernes dans différents lieux qu’elle a fréquentés, depuis certaines parmi les plus anciennes écoles nouvelles françaises comme le Domaine de l’Étoile ou le Cours Moulin, en passant par le collège médical d’Annel, mais aussi, en Belgique, des internats de garçons placés par la justice ou la rééducation d’enfants déficients en pratique privée. Son récit d’expériences interroge ainsi à la fois les formes même du militantisme en faveur de l’Éducation nouvelle, par exemple ses liens avec les pratiques des milieux culturels d’avant-garde, et l’engagement de femmes qui, comme elle, ont sacrifié leur vie privée à leur travail auprès des enfants, non sans quelques tiraillements, ce dont témoigne parfois son cahier.
Unilateral Surgery in Bilateral Asymmetrical Dissociated Vertical Deviation With Strong Preferential Fixation
Authors: Lembo Andrea , Serafino Massimiliano , Villani Edoardo , Nucci Paolo
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To determine the best treatment for dissociated vertical deviation (DVD).

Methods:

The authors investigated the postoperative results of unilateral surgery for DVD in 14 patients when the visual acuity difference between the two eyes did not result in a postoperative dominance switch. All patients underwent bilateral medial rectus recession for congenital esotropia.

Results:

With this unilateral surgical procedure, all patients showed a significant improvement of the DVD in the primary position. None of the patients developed hypotropia, anti-elevation syndrome, or inferior oblique overaction in the contralateral (dominant) eye, and no changes were observed in the contralateral eye.

Conclusions:

Unilateral surgery for DVD in the non-dominant eye in case of strong fixation preference does not create a postoperative manifest DVD in the unoperated dominant eye.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(1):60–64.]
Mapeamento de córregos e nascentes na Floresta Nacional de Ibirama-SC
Authors: Heidemann Ester Camille , Rizzi Carlos Alberto
Published: October 2021

Este projeto oferece ao leitor uma visão sobre a pesquisa intitulada “Mapeamento de Córregos e Nascentes da Floresta Nacional de Ibirama-SC”, desenvolvida na região do Alto Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina. Justifica-se pela ausência de dados sobre alguns desses córregos pelo Plano de Manejo da Unidade de Conservação. Traz informações geográficas coletadas em campo em outubro de 2020, e expõe preliminarmente a qualidade ambiental do entorno de algumas dessas águas desconhecidas. Como resultado, expõe um padrão espacial leste-oeste de degradação/conservação observados para os córregos, nascentes e confluências percorridos no interior da Floresta Nacional.
L’açaí en France d'Outre-Mer : La Guyane française vers une nouvelle frontière agricole de l'Euterpe oleracea dans l'Amazonie septentrionale
Authors: Cortezzi Francisco
Published: October 2021

Originaire du palmier Euterpe oleracea, l'açaí est un fruit endémique de la forêt amazonienne, dont la consommation s’est fortement développée au Brésil depuis les années 1990 et est émergente dans d'autres régions du monde. Consommé surtout sous forme de pulpe et érigé en « superfruit » par des acteurs du marketing pour son potentiel antioxydant et nutritionnel, la baie d'açaí traverse un processus dynamique englobant à la fois son circuit spatial de production et de distribution internationale ainsi que sa composition de produits dérivés. Avec plus de 85 % de son territoire inséré dans la forêt amazonienne, la Guyane française a toutes les exigences environnementales nécessaires pour le développement et la production de baies d'açaí. Actuellement dans ce territoire, la plus forte concentration de la production extractive d’Euterpe oleracea se trouve dans la région du bas Oyapock, à la frontière avec le Brésil. Malgré le peu d'intérêt gouvernemental derrière le fruit, il y a un peu plus de six ans, les producteurs agricoles de la région métropolitaine de Cayenne ont analysé de près la dynamique et la consommation des produits dérivés de l’açaí en Europe et sur d'autres continents. A partir des résultats favorables de l'analyse du marché international, ces agriculteurs ont créé la société Yana Wassaï dont l'objectif principal est de développer le processus de production local ciblant le marché extérieur. L'un des objectifs de ce groupe est de transformer la baie d'açaí en un produit « européen ». Avec une grande partie du projet déjà en cours, le groupe prévoit d'augmenter la superficie cultivée d'environ 300 hectares dans les trois prochaines années pour atteindre un total de plus de 1 000 hectares de cultures en les huit prochaines années. Lors de notre séjour à Guyane française, il a été possible de discuter de plus près avec les principaux acteurs de ce projet, en plus de visiter et de connaître les premières plantations irriguées du palmier Euterpe oleracea appartenance au groupe.
Monitoring the Impacts of Urbanisation on Environmental Sustainability Using Geospatial Techniques: A Case Study in Colombo District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Subasinghe S. , Nianthi R. , Rajapaksha G. , Gamage I.
Published: October 2021

In recent years, a critical understanding of the sustainable urban environment has become central to many urban studies, leading numerous scholars to employ geospatial tools and techniques to examine the sustainability of growing cities in the developing world. In this study, the Colombo district where the capital city of Sri Lanka is located, was selected with the prospect of monitoring the impacts of urbanization on environmental sustainability. The study uses the spectral indices of remote sensing, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI), Land Surface Temperature (LST), and Environmental Criticality Index (ECI) to detect the aspects of urbanization and environmental sustainability of the study area. The results show that there has been a dramatic increase in environment criticality from 1997 to 2008, and a slight decrease indicated from 2008 to 2017, coinciding with the government urban planning initiatives. However, the decline of environmental sustainability of the city center and along the transport corridors could be identified in the context of this study. Finally, by drawing attention of the landscape and land use planners, the study emphasizes the aspects that should be considered in future urban planning.
Technique selection of ureteroileal anastomosis in hautmann ileal neobladder with chimney modification: Reliability of patient-based selection strategy and its impact on ureteroentric stricture rate
Authors: Djordjevic Dejan , Dragicevic Svetomir , Vukovic Marko
Published: October 2021

Objective: We aimed to establish the reliability of technique selection strategy for ureteroileal anastomosis (Bricker vs. Wallace) by comparing perioperative outcomes, complications, and anastomotic stricture rate in a contemporary series of patients who underwent open radical cystectomy followed by reconstruction of modified Hautmann neobladder. Materials and methods: A total of 60 patients underwent radical cystectomy and modified Hautmann neobladder, of whom 30 patients (group I) with Bricker anastomotic technique were compared to 30 matched paired patients with end-to-end ureteroileal anastomosis (group II). Long-term results, including ureteroileal stricture (UIS) and postoperative complication rate at two year follow up were available. The choice of anastomosis type was successively based on chimney size, ureteral length after retro-sigmoidal tunneling and diameter of distal ureter. Postoperative complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo system. Results: Ureteroileal stricture rate was 6.6% in group I vs. 0% in group II, after three months (p < 0.05), while anastomotic leakage rate was 6.6% vs. 3.3% (group I vs group II) between the two groups for the same follow up period (p > 0.05). High-grade complications (Clavien III-V) were more in Bricker group as compared to Wallace group and the difference was significant (20% vs 10.3%, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Our preliminary outcomes demonstrate that this selection strategy seems to be clinically reliable, with lower incidence of postoperative complications in Wallace group.
Incidental testicular masses and the role of organ-sparing approach
Authors: Narayan Yash , Brown Dominic , Ivaz Stella , Das Krishanu , Moussa Mohamad , Tsampoukas Georgios , Papatsoris Athanasios , Buchholz Noor
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The widespread use of ultrasonography for the investigation of common urological conditions, such as infertility or pain, has resulted in an increased incidence of incidental non-palpable testicular masses. The majority of these are expected to be benign therefore a conservative approach, either active monitoring or organsparing approach, is recommended. However, there are no clinical or radiological parameters which define the exact nature of such lesions and optimal patient selection criteria are lacking. In this comprehensive review we discuss the significance of incidental, small testicular masses (STMs) and the role of organ-sparing approach in the management of these lesions. Materials and methods: A non-systematic search was performed using PubMed to identify articles that covered the following topics; clinical implications at diagnosis, role of imaging in identifying the malignant capabilities of a lesion, role of surgery and the final pathology. Results: Incidental STMs are routinely identified following ultrasound examination of infertile men. STMs usually measure a few millimeters in size and the majority of these are benign. Therefore, strict follow up or an organ-sparing approach, with utilisation of frozen section analysis (FSA), is favored for STMs. FSA has a high correlation with final pathology and prevents unnecessary orchidectomies. Advances in imaging, namely ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging may provide enhanced assessment of STMs and guidance intraoperatively. Conclusions: The optimal approach is not well defined and there is no specific clinical parameter that can predict the nature of STMs. The increasing incidence of small, benign testicular masses has resulted in the development of organ-sparing surgery to investigate and manage these lesions. Organ-sparing surgery has been shown to be practical and carries excellent oncological outcomes.
Immunoreactivity and a new staining method of monocarboxylate transporter 1 located in endothelial cells of cerebral vessels of human brain in distinguishing cerebral venules from arterioles
Authors: Cao Yuan , Ao Dong-Hui , Ma Chao , Qiu Wen-Ying , Zhu Yi-Cheng
Published: October 2021

Distinguishing brain venules from arterioles with arteriolosclerosis is less reliable using traditional staining methods. We aimed to immunohistochemically assess the monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), a specific marker of venous endothelium found in rodent studies, in different caliber vessels in human brains. Both largeand small-caliber cerebral vessels were dissected from four autopsy donors. Immunoreactivity for MCT1 was examined in all autopsied human brain tissues, and then each vessel was identified by neuropathologists using hematoxylin and eosin stain, the Verhoeff’s Van Gieson stain, immunohistochemical stain with antibodies for α-smooth muscle actin and MCT1 in sequence. A total of 61 cerebral vessels, including 29 arteries and 32 veins were assessed. Immunoreactivity for MCT1 was observed in the endothelial cells of various caliber veins as well as the capillaries, whereas that was immunenegative in the endothelium of arteries. The different labeling patterns for MCT1 could aid in distinguishing various caliber veins from arteries, whereas assessment using the vessel shape, the internal elastic lamina, and the pattern of smooth muscle fibers failed to make the distinction between small-caliber veins and sclerotic arterioles. In conclusion, MCT1 immunohistochemical staining is a sensitive and reliable method to distinguish cerebral veins from arteries.
Assessing sprinkler systems performance with a novel experimental benchmark
Authors: Petroselli Andrea , Romerio Dario , Santelli Piero , Mariotti Roberto , Di Giacinti Silvano , Casini Luca , Testa Carmine
Published: October 2021

Sprinkler systems are one of the most popular methods of irrigation worldwide. One of their key parameters is the so-called level of uniformity, i.e. every portion of the soil should be irrigated with the same amount of water. Assessing the level of uniformity is crucial for optimal design of sprinkler systems. In this manuscript, a novel experimental benchmark is presented in order to test irrigation sprinklers, assess their performance, and define their acceptable working conditions. Different sprinklers have been tested, their water application depth curves have been determined, and their performance has been evaluated using a combination of metrics. Results show that the majority of sprinklers are characterized by very good performance in terms of operating pressures in the range 2.0-3.0 bar and tend to decrease their efficiency for operating pressures outside of that range.
A low-energy storage container for food and agriculture products
Authors: Barreca Francesco , Praticò Pasquale , Cardinali Giuseppe Davide
Published: October 2021

In 2018, the food, beverages, and tobacco sectors within the EU-27 consumed approximately 27,500 ktoe of energy. The food facilities and the food production plants are responsible for a large part of this energy consumption. Current global strategies focus on energy conservation and natural environmental protection, ascribing a lot of importance to building-related analyses. Areas for food storage are essential within the food production chain, as the indoor thermal parameters determine the characteristics of the final products. In this paper, a low-energy storage container is proposed. The envelope of the container is made from sandwich panels with a polyurethane layer paired with two phase change material (PCM) layers. The container is designed to store perishable materials, such as extra virgin olive oil. A storage container prototype, equipped with a mini-split heating, ventilation, and air conditioning electric system, was built to analyse and assess the energy spent during its use. Moreover, the achievable yearly energy savings with respect to a container without the PCM layers was calculated. The results showed that the PCM layers improve the energy performance of the container at an indoor temperature of 20°C with an energy saving of about 27%, and at an indoor temperature of 17°C with an energy saving of over 22%.
COVID-19 Vaccination and Herd Immunity
Authors: Ki Hyun Kyun
Published: October 2021

Vaccination has been used for the prevention and eradication of communicable diseases such as smallpox, polio, and measles. Herd immunity and immunity threshold have already been conceptualized for the prevention of outbreaks and pandemicity of these diseases. Coronavirus infectious disease-19 (COVID-19) is the second pandemic coronavirus disease of the 21st century. Vaccination has been conducted since December 2020 in an attempt to control the pandemic. The morbidity and incidence of COVID-19 has decreased since the initiation of the vaccination program within Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States. However, irregular vaccine rollout and uneven distribution of vaccine is a major barrier to vaccine access. Moreover, genetic variants of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) could be a barrier to immunity.
An earthquake catalogue for seismic events in the Norman Wells region of the central Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, using waveform data from local seismic stations
Authors: Farahbod A M , Kao H , Snyder D
Published: October 2021

The development of unconventional hydrocarbon resources in the Norman Wells region of the Central Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, has been explored by the energy industry. In early 2014, Conoco-Philips Canada conducted two multi-stage test operations of
hydraulic fracturing (HF) in the region. In this study, we combine seismic data from the Canadian National Seismograph Network, four new stations established by the Northwest Territories Geoscience Office in collaboration with Natural Resources Canada in the Norman Wells region, and a local dense
array installed by Conoco-Philips Canada to study the seismicity distribution during the pre-HF, HF and post-HF periods. We have identified and located 130 earthquakes within 100 km of the geographic centre of the local seismic network near Norman Wells for the pre-HF period (11 September 2013 - 7
February 2014). In comparison, 231 events are located during the HF period (8 February 2014 - 10 March 2014), and for the two post-HF periods, 11 March 2014 - 31 July 2014 and 27 February 2015 - 31 December 2015, we have catalogued 255 and 138 events, respectively. Source parameters and detailed
phase pickings of each earthquake are given in the Appendices.
Prognostic factor for recurrence in esophagus cancer patients who underwent surgery for curative intent
Authors: Sidhu Manjinder S. , Paul Davinder , Jain Sumeet , Brar Gurpreet S. , Sood Sandhya , Jain Kunal
Published: October 2021

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to analyze predisposing factors for a higher risk of recurrence in esophageal cancer patient who underwent surgery for curative intent and to do survival analysis of prognostic factors.

Materials and Methods:

Between February 2018 and March 2020, we retrospectively identified 28 cases staged T1b to T4a managed electively at our institute as per multidisciplinary management plan. Demographic, clinical, radiological, operative, histopathological parameters, upfront surgery done or not, type of preoperative, and adjuvant treatment used and whether neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy was planned along with waiting time for surgery, were assessed as potential risk factors. End point of study was to find potential risk factors for recurrence and to do their subgroup survival analysis.

Results:

The recurrence rate in our study was 25% with a mean follow-up of 24 months. The median time of recurrence was 8.5 months, all recurrence occurred within 1 year. Overall DFS at 2 years was 72%. On univariate analysis, following prognostic factors were associated with high risk of recurrence, male sex X2(1) =4.42, p = 0.035; histology subtype of adenocarcinoma X2(1) = 7.07, p = 0.008; margin positive X2(1) =3.76, p = 0.05; presence of lymph vascular invasion (LVI) X2(1) =7.88, p = 0.005; presence of perineural invasion (PNI) X2(1) =5.97, p = 0.015; postoperative T size >4 cm X2(1) =3.86, p = 0.049; and nodal positivity X2(3) =13.47, p = 0.004.

Conclusions:

Male sex, adenocarcinoma histological subtype, positive resected margin, presence of LVI and PNI, postoperative T size >4 cm, and high postoperative nodal positivity and whether neoadjuvant versus adjuvant therapy given (on K. M analysis) were the identified predictors of recurrence which compromised DFS.
The role of calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinases in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
Authors: Chen Mei-Fang
Published: October 2021

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that triggers severe thrombotic cardiovascular events, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. In atherosclerotic processes, both macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are essential cell components in atheromata formation through proinflammatory cytokine secretion, defective efferocytosis, cell migration, and proliferation, primarily controlled by Ca2+-dependent signaling. Calmodulin (CaM), as a versatile Ca2+ sensor in diverse cell types, regulates a broad spectrum of Ca2+-dependent cell functions through the actions of downstream protein kinases. Thus, this review focuses on discussing how CaM and CaM-dependent kinases (CaMKs) regulate the functions of macrophages and VSMCs in atherosclerotic plaque development based on literature from open databases. A central theme in this review is a summary of the mechanisms and consequences underlying CaMK-mediated macrophage inflammation and apoptosis, which are the key processes in necrotic core formation in atherosclerosis. Another central theme is addressing the role of CaM and CaMK-dependent pathways in phenotypic modulation, migration, and proliferation of VSMCs in atherosclerotic progression. A complete understanding of CaM and CaMK-controlled individual processes involving macrophages and VSMCs in atherogenesis might provide helpful information for developing potential therapeutic targets and strategies.
Frailty Status and Cognitive Function Should Guide Prescribing in Long-term Care Facilities
Authors: Liau Shin J. , Bell J.Simon
Published: October 2021

Frailty, dementia and complex multimorbidity are highly prevalent among residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Prescribing for residents of LTCFs is often informed by disease-specific clinical practice guidelines based on research conducted among younger and more robust adults. However, frailty and cognitive impairment may modify medication benefits and risks. Residents with frailty and advanced dementia may be at increased susceptibility to adverse drug events (ADEs) and often have a lower likelihood of achieving long-term therapeutic benefit from chronic preventative medications. For this reason, there is a strong rationale for deprescribing, particularlyamong residents with high medication burdens, swallowing difficulties or limited dexterity. Conversely, frailty and dementia have also been associated with under-prescribing of clinically indicated medications. Unnecessarily withholding treatment based on assumed risk may deprive vulnerable population groups from receiving evidence-based care. There is a need for specific evidence regarding medication benefits and risks in LTCF residents with frailty and dementia. Observational studies conducted using routinely collected health data may complement evidence from randomized controlled trials that often exclude people living with dementia, frailty and in LTCFs. Balancing over- and under-prescribing requires consideration of each resident’s frailty and cognitive status, therapeutic goals, time-to-benefit, potential ADEs, and individual values or preferences. Incorporating frailty screening into medication review may also provide better alignment of medication regimens to changing goals of care. Timely identification of frail residents as part of treatment decision-making may assist with targeting interventions to minimize and monitor for ADEs. Shifting away from rigid application of conventional disease-specific clinical practice guidelines may provide an individualized and more holistic assessment of medication benefits and risks in the LTCF setting.
The Dehgolan Prospective Cohort Study (DehPCS) on non-communicable diseases in a Kurdish community in the west of Iran
Authors: Moradpour Farhad , Ghaderi Ebrahim , Moradi Ghobad , Zarei Mojdeh , Bolbanabad Amjad Mohamadi , Piroozi Bakhtiar , Shokri Azad
Published: October 2021

The Dehgolan Prospective Cohort Study (DehPCS) was conducted to examine and identify risk factors for the most prevalent non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In addition, in order to examine participants’ health status, socioeconomic status, behavioral factors, nutritional status, and environmental exposures, the DehPCS collected, analyzed, and stored blood, urine, nail, and hair samples to conduct genetic studies and identify biomarkers and other biological determinants of NCDs. In total, 3,996 adults aged 35 to 70 from the general population participated in the study from February 2018 to March 2019. Of them, 43.7% were women. The first follow-up wave was conducted with 3,995 participants. Information on a wide range of variables was collected, including on socioeconomic status, lifestyle, nutritional status, habits, physical examination findings, medication use, and medical history. Proxy variables such as body mass index, metabolic equivalent task score, wealth index, and macronutrients and micronutrients were calculated. The most common self-reported diseases in descending order were kidney stones, hypertension, and fatty liver. The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension was 9.3% and 33.4%, respectively. All data, samples, and measurements will be collected again at 5-year intervals. Thus, it will be possible to examine time-dependent changes in the risk factors of NCDs. The DehPCS can be used to study the relationships among genetics, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and environmental risk factors and the most prevalent NCDs in case-cohort studies using a nested case-control design that will be applied to the cohort infrastructure. Researchers can also submit pre-proposals via the following web address: http://c.ddrc.ac.ir/persianaccess/Account/Login.
A COVID-19 Re-envisioned Teaching Practicum Curriculum
Authors: Nel Carisma , Botha Carolina , Marais Elma
Published: October 2021

The changes taking place in the schooling landscape because of the coronavirus are real and meaningful and have implications for the training of preservice teachers, especially the teaching practicum component of their initial teacher education programs. The havoc caused by COVID-19 forced many faculties of education into a state of ‘panic-gogy’ to ensure that student teachers could complete their teaching practicums. In this paper we argue that consideration should be given to core teaching practices and practice-based teacher education pedagogies (i.e., representations and approximations) that can be used in alternative “placement contexts” that will supplement and harness the authenticity of school-based experiences. We provide two conceptual tools, collaboratively developed by teaching practicum educators and mentor teachers, that can be used as heuristic by other university-school partnerships when considering teaching practicum redesign efforts.
Estrés laboral en el contexto universitario: Una revisión sistemática.
Authors: Flores-Meza Guadalupe , Cuaya-Itzcoatl Irma Guadalupe , Rojas-Solís José Luis
Published: October 2021

El estrés laboral es un problema de salud pública que aqueja a sectores prestadores de servicios, como las Instituciones de Educación Superior; por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la producción científica existente de 1990-2021 sobre el estrés laboral que se vive en universidades de Latinoamérica e identificar qué sector universitario es el más estudiado. Se consultaron las bases de datos Dialnet, LA Referencia, EBSCO y Scopus, siguiendo lo sugerido por la declaración PRISMA; inicialmente se obtuvieron 657 artículos y tras un proceso de depuración 15 investigaciones fueron incluidas en la presente revisión sistemática. Se concluye el aumento en la producción científica sobre el fenómeno y que los docentes siguen siendo el sector de la universidad más estudiado.
Aspectos generales y conceptos financieros sobre el retiro laboral desde el punto de vista de jóvenes universitarios.
Authors: Atlatenco Ibarra Quetzalli
Published: October 2021

El monto de las pensiones por jubilación depende del ahorro individual acumulado en cuentas especializadas para el retiro que no solamente se encuentra en función de las aportaciones, sino también de decisiones financieras, que idealmente, las personas deben tomar desde su juventud. En este trabajo se analiza la edad a la que jóvenes estudiantes universitarios manifestaron que comprendieron aspectos generales y conceptos financieros centrados en el retiro laboral. Se estudió si la influencia de los padres de familia en relación al ahorro, el comportamiento financiero y las actitudes financieras, tienen impacto en la edad a la que los estudiantes manifestaron comprenderlos. Se encontró suficiente evidencia estadística para aseverar que solamente las actitudes financieras si determinan la edad.
Implementación de una red neuronal artificial como módulo de dominio de un sistema de tutoría inteligente.
Authors: Silva-González Sheyla Maleny , Rodríguez-Chávez Mario Humberto , Polanco-Martagón Said
Published: October 2021

Los sistemas de tutoría inteligente son sistemas informáticos que poseen un amplio conocimiento en los temas para lo que fueron creados. Su principal objetivo es lograr el aprendizaje integral del tema asignado para los alumnos. Un sistema de tutoría inteligente está compuesto principalmente por tres módulos: a) dominio, b) tutor y c) alumno; así mismo contiene una interfaz gráfica; cada uno de los componentes tiene un propósito específico en el sistema para el buen funcionamiento inteligente. El objetivo principal de este artículo es la creación de una red neuronal artificial como módulo de dominio, para la generación de conocimientos mediante técnicas de inteligencia artificial cumpliendo el propósito el recomendar actividades, ejercicios, material, conceptos, entre otros.
Diagnóstico fonético de estudiantes de fonética y fonológica de la Licenciatura en Idiomas.
Authors: Contreras Gómez Mayra Jessica , May Landero Juana
Published: October 2021

Este estudio se llevó a cabo con estudiantes universitarios de la materia de fonética y fonología de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, ciclo escolar 2019-2020. El objetivo fue demostrar los fonemas con los cuales los alumnos han progresado con dificultad y enfatizar los que han adquirido correctamente. La muestra fue tomada con tres ejercicios prácticos; escuchar fonemas, asociar el fonema correspondiente a una letra, y leer extractos de una conversación. Los resultados demuestran que las vocales y diptongos no fueron bien pronunciados al igual que algunas consonantes. Otro hallazgo importante fue que los maestros utilizan significativamente en el aula libros, hojas de trabajo y ejercicios gramaticales para brindar a los alumnos una exposición auténtica al idioma.
¿Del aula a la pantalla? Experiencia escolar durante COVID-19 en un bachillerato mexicano.
Authors: Chávez Llamas Nancy , Ospina-Escobar Angélica
Published: October 2021

Este estudio de caso documenta cómo se implementó el tránsito a la modalidad de enseñanza híbrida en el contexto de pandemia por COVID-19 en un bachillerato público de un municipio de Aguascalientes, México y los efectos que ello tuvo. El trabajo responde a un ejercicio etnográfico realizado de agosto 2019 a julio 2020. La falta de recursos económicos en los hogares y de apoyo por parte de los padres/madres de familia a las actividades escolares de las/los jóvenes, así como las limitadas capacidades digitales por parte de docentes y estudiantes y la escasa disposición de dispositivos electrónicos, fueron los principales retos a enfrentar para transitar de manera óptima a un modelo de enseñanza híbrida, agudizando la vulnerabilidad socioeducativa y las brechas digitales preexistentes entre los/las jóvenes.
Diagnóstico de los retos de la investigación científica postpandemia en el Ecuador.
Authors: Leyva Vázquez Maikel Yelandi , Viteri Moya Jorge Rene , Estupiñán Ricardo Jesús , Hernández Cevallos Remigio Edmundo
Published: October 2021

La investigación científica es importante y permite conocer el porqué y el funcionamiento de las cosas. El acceso a esta información logra la adaptación del ser humano a su realidad y la búsqueda continua de la mejora de su calidad de vida. La investigación científica bien intencionada ofrece resultados sociales a mediano y largo plazo, y es por ello, que conviene analizar el panorama un año después de la aparición de la enfermedad y exponer los retos para el futuro en el Ecuador, lo cual resulta el objetivo perseguido con el presente artículo. Para llevar a cabo este análisis, se propone la combinación de las técnicas PEST-DAFO-CAME para mostrar el contexto y determinar los componentes de interés para la investigación en curso.
Complicidad silenciosa ante la mendicidad infantil y la vulneración de derechos por parte de autoridades y ciudadanía Riobambeña.
Authors: Machado Maliza Mesías Elías , Mainato Angamarca Katherine Solange , Mestanza Velastegui Newton Santiago
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo se realiza por el incremento desmedido de la mendicidad infantil en el Ecuador, y busca evidenciar cuáles son las causas de esta actividad que tiene connotaciones negativas, evidenciando el menoscabo y vulnerando de derechos de los niños que son sometidos a esta práctica, demostrando la falta de implementación de políticas públicas u ordenanzas que contribuyan a erradicar la mendicidad infantil. La investigación es de índole documental y exploratoria obteniendo resultados que palpan una realidad donde se manifiesta que antes de la crisis sanitaria que empezó en el año 2019, eran 375.342 menores en situación de mendicidad infantil y que en la actualidad se ha incrementado, realidad que está en auge.
El abandono como el escape del vínculo matrimonial y sus efectos secundarios.
Authors: Arreaga Farias Gisell Karina , Estrella Gómez Federico Miguel , Barahona Tapia Leonardo Iván
Published: October 2021

Hoy en día muchas personas toman al abandono de hogar como un escape del vínculo matrimonial. Estos se observan tan a menudo y es algo frustrante que la ley esté fallando en lo que concierne a lo que estipula nuestra constitución unos de sus derechos, vivir en armonía y proteger al menor en su fase de crianza, porque para iniciar estos procesos debería haber razones más fuertes por las que se abandone el hogar; de lo contrario, muchas personas seguirán tomando esta causal de divorcio como un escape al vínculo matrimonial; es por ello, por lo que hay que determinar los factores y efectos del abandono por medio del Método PESTEL y Campo de Fuerza.
La representación de la diversidad étnica en los movimientos o partidos políticos del Ecuador; análisis de los procesos electorales de los años 2016 – 2020.
Authors: Estacio Hurtado Jesner Klinton , Ramón Merchán Mónica Eloísa
Published: October 2021

El Ecuador como ente político ha promulgado un conjunto de leyes que han dado como resultado la imposición de modelos tradicionalistas, no han permitido el reconocimiento de las minorías étnicas, en el Ecuador, especialmente de aquellos grupos y pueblos indígenas, afroecuatorianos y montubios como es el derecho al voto y a los derechos de participación. Por ello, esta investigación tiene como propósito analizar la representación de la diversidad étnica en los movimientos o partidos políticos del Ecuador, procesos electorales años 2016 – 2020. Como resultados, la participación de las minorías étnicas, en los procesos electorales representarían un elemento clave en el equilibrio de la democracia, principios básicos de las normas internacionales relativas a los derechos humanos.
Costos de producción y la determinación de precios del chocolate de la asociación “Las Delicias del Triunfo”.
Authors: Navas Espín Galo Renato , Peña Suarez Dailín , Silva Álvarez Nancy Deidamia , Mayorga Díaz Mónica Patricia
Published: October 2021

En el Ecuador, para los pequeños productores de cacao, la comercialización es uno de sus principales problemas además de los intermediarios, por lo que se han creado las asociaciones para contrarrestarlos, pero a su vez estas requieren de implementar sistemas de información eficientes que les permitan, entre otras cuestiones, controlar sus costos de producción y así determinar los precios mediante los cuales sean competitivos en el mercado y faciliten la toma de decisiones. Es por esto, que teniendo en cuenta las características de la asociación investigada, se aplicó un sistema de costeo por órdenes de producción, con una metodología mixta y un diseño transversal, donde se obtuvo el costo unitario y margen bruto de todos los productos elaborados.
Evolución de las empresas turísticas de alojamiento caso de estudio Baños-Tungurahua.
Authors: Mariño Velasteguí Katherine Gissel , Llerena Barreno Elva Aidee , Proaño Altamirano Gladys Elizabeth
Published: October 2021

El turismo contribuye a la economía ecuatoriana con 2.392 millones de dólares es la tercera fuente de ingresos no petrolero en el Ecuador según él (Ministerio de Turismo, 2019). El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la evolución de las empresas turísticas de alojamiento en el cantón Baños de Agua Santa. La metodología que se utiliza es descriptiva con un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, para lo cual se aplica una encuesta a una población de 133 empresas registradas en el catastro municipal del sector turístico. Los resultados obtenidos del estudio muestran que las empresas turísticas de alojamiento han sufrido grandes cambios en cuanto a calidad, infraestructura, además sus ingresos han disminuido por la competencia desleal y la sobreoferta de hoteles.
La vacunación y sus retos.
Authors: Castañeda Guillot Carlos David , Martínez Martínez Ronelsys , Castro Sánchez Fernando de Jesús
Published: October 2021

Las vacunas son productos biológicos contra enfermedades infecciosas por estímulo- respuesta inmunitaria, con impacto preventivo sanitario. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar el proceso histórico de desarrollo de vacunas ante grandes procesos epidemiológicos y pandémicos con la indicación de sus principales retos sociales y tecnocientíficos. Desde el análisis documental, se trabaja con publicaciones actualizadas que presentan distintos criterios sobre tipos, mecanismos de acción, disponibilidad y nuevas proyecciones de tecnologías vacunales de carácter genéticas. De igual modo, se precisan los programas vacunales de erradicación anti-COVID-19 desarrollados, sus alcances y proyecciones. Se aporta una clasificación sobre los retos de las vacunas y la vacunación, cuya tipología incluye: los retos globales, nacionales, tecnocientíficos y éticos.
Accelerating Paris-Aligned Financial Flows: A Typology for Facilitating a Paris-Aligned COVID-19 Recovery
Authors: Gonzalez Lorena , Krishnan Nisha , Smith Caitlin , Bos Julie , Alayza Natalia
Published: October 2021

To confront the economic upheaval induced by the COVID-19 pandemic, the world’s 50 largest economies announced over $14.6 trillion in stimulus over the course of 2020. These funds also represent a massive down payment on future economic pathways—which is why it is essential that the COVID-19 recovery accelerate Paris alignment. Unfortunately, G20 countries have not been able to provide global leadership in this regard. Instead, recovery packages show no systematic consideration of climate risk, and policymakers have not taken advantage of the full range of tools for green recovery at their disposal. To the extent that the recovery has preferred business-as-usual policies—especially in energy, transport, and the building sectors—it has raised the long-term cost of climate action. Failure of G20 countries to green COVID-19 recovery could make all Paris goals unattainable. We conducted an extensive literature review to build a typology of policies and interventions and their implications for Paris alignment. We also interviewed governments to understand their motivations, processes, and challenges. In the end, we found that where Paris-compatible interventions occurred, countries benefited from having “shovel-ready” projects, and had already integrated Paris-compatibility into their project planning process before the pandemic. Going forward, G20 countries should consider a multifaceted approach to Paris alignment and recovery, leveraging the full suite of policy levers and tools available. Taking an expansive view of what is needed, these interventions should include monetary policy; financial and real-economy policies and regulations; fiscal policy and budget support; public finance; and information instruments (such as voluntary disclosure).