bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Management of Hyperthermia and Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia in Low-Resource and Prehospital Settings
Authors: Grace Daniel
Published: July 2021

Between 2000 and 2016, the number of people exposed to heat waves worldwide increased by around 125 million. As global warming increases, there is growing concern regarding the effect of heat stress on health outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income tropical countries. The likelihood of developing heat-related injury depends on three factors: an individual, their environment, and their workload. Both exertional hyperthermia and exercise-induced hyponatremia are potentially life-threatening conditions that may develop in environments with increased heat stress. These can present with vague and overlapping symptoms such as confusion, headache, vomiting, and in severe cases, coma. The management of these two conditions is extremely different, and making a correct diagnosis can be challenging, particularly for health-care professionals who are working in low-resource or prehospital settings.
Perception of Noncommunicable Diseases Among the Tribals of the Gudalur Valley, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Dsouza Royson Jerome , Sunny Roshina , Sambhalwar Pooja B. , Hariharan Saranya , Mohanraj Smitha , Menon Nandakumar
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) pose a significant burden on global health with the increasing prevalence in rural and tribal communities. Although several studies show an alarming trend in adverse outcomes in Indian tribes, there have been only a few reports assessing their perception of NCDs. This study was conducted to address this gap to design better health strategies to reduce the burden of NCDs among the tribal communities.

Methodology:

This was a hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study done in Gudalur Adivasi Hospital in The Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu. The study participants included the five tribal communities belonging to the Particularly Vulnerable Group (formerly Primitive Tribal Group) living in the Gudalur and Pandalur Taluks. After approval from the Ethics committee of the Association for Health Welfare in the Nilgiris (ASHWINI), the data were collected using a predesigned, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. The results were entered into an Excel sheet and exported to SPSS software (version 19) for the analysis.

Results:

The interviewed tribals belonged to the Paniya tribe (54%), Bettakurumba tribe (25%), Moolakurumba tribe (7%), Kattunayakan tribe (6%), and Irula tribe (8%) of whom 43% were illiterate. Seventy-eight percent of the tribals were aware of the presence of NCDs in their community. The most common source of information is ASHWINI and the other health care facilities. The association of unhealthy diet and family history with NCDs was reported by 72% and 25% of the interviewed tribals, respectively. However, the other risk factors like lack of physical activity (7%), old age (2%), and environmental factors (3%) were poorly understood. Similarly, the association between alcohol, tobacco, and NCDs was acknowledged by only 10% and 4% of the interviewed tribals. The importance of screening was understood by 72% of the interviewed tribals.

Conclusion:

This study showed that there is a severe lack of awareness of NCDs among the tribal population of the Gudalur and Pandalur taluks of the Nilgiris district in Tamil Nadu. The importance of health promotion in reducing the burden of NCDs is well recognized. There is an urgent need for implementing adequate strategies to correct the knowledge, attitude, and practices of the tribal communities towards NCDs.
Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Crisis on Families of Children with Congenital Heart Disease and Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Assessment
Authors: Prabhu Shruti Atul , Shaiju Manokamana , Patel P Shiv , Sahu Priti , Verma Kiran
Published: July 2021

Background:

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted the spectrum of health care, including delaying diagnoses and treatment, particularly for complex health conditions, such as pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 crisis and lockdown on families of children with CHD and to study knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding COVID-19 among them.

Methodology:

The purposive sampling was used, all patients (173) who consulted in the cardiology outpatient department during the study period and 190 CHD patients whose the date of surgery was previously scheduled during April and May 2020, but delayed due to the national lockdown were included in this study. Hence, the sample size of the study was 363. Phone calls were made to all patients' families. This study design was used due to current COVID-19 crisis to minimize contact with patients, in line with safety precautions mandated by the government.

Results:

54.2% were male patients, 43.3% in the age group of 1–5 years, predominant diagnosis (37.3%) was ventricular septal defect. Majority of parents of CHD patients (78.2%) answered that primary source of information about COVID-19 was social media. Twelve percent patients had worsening of symptoms related to existing heart condition during this period. Parents of 26 patients (8.3%) faced difficulty in getting medicines due to lockdown. The KAP assessment found that a high proportion of parents possessed basic knowledge about the disease at the early stage of the pandemic. The average KAP score was 10.2 (Range 2–16).

Conclusion:

This is the first study to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on children with CHD during the pandemic. This group had faced considerable difficulty like the general population. KAP assessment showed that they had good knowledge about the pandemic; they were following precautionary measures, especially because of the child's condition, to ensure the child's safety.
Connecting with Spiritual Intelligence in Medicine
Authors: Padmanabhan Vijayaraghavan
Published: July 2021

While diagnosing and treating patients, the physician makes use of cognitive intelligence (IQ) and emotional intelligence (EQ). Coming up with a concept or treatment that is completely new and yet suitable for a clinical situation requires not only IQ and EQ but also a connection with the physician's own creative “inner self” or “soul,” which is spiritual intelligence (SQ). Such an individual can function from the level of “self” or ego as well as from “inner self” and can move between ego and “soul” with ease. The physician can utilize the unbiased instinctive wisdom of SQ while making use of IQ and EQ. He (or she) will be comfortable in dealing with uncertainties. Individual insights corroborated by studies in neuroscience have helped to understand how IQ and EQ relate to SQ, making it comprehensible to all. Connecting with SQ benefits the physician in patient care as well as in medical education.
Ludwig's Angina – Is Management Possible in a Resource-Limited Rural Surgical Setup?
Authors: Dsouza Royson Jerome , Venkatesan M. , Stephen John H. , Rao Mrudula
Published: July 2021

Ludwig's angina is a rapidly progressive gangrenous cellulitis of the soft tissues of the neck and floor of the mouth which can cause airway compromise. The management involves a multidisciplinary approach consisting of intensivists, otolaryngologists, head-and-neck surgeons, and anesthesiologists. Consequently, the patients with Ludwig's angina are mostly managed at tertiary care centers. Although early surgical intervention for drainage of the abscess and securing the airway is recommended, many subsets of these patients can be managed conservatively. These include hemodynamically stable patients, without stridor and respiratory distress. A 41-year-old lady with no known comorbidities presented with a rapidly progressive swelling over the submandibular region following dental extraction. There were severe trismus and dysphagia but without clinical evidence of airway compromise. She was successfully managed in a rural secondary tribal health-care center with intravenous antibiotics, analgesics, and serial clinical examination. The patient improved symptomatically and recovered well. Through this case report, the authors would like to highlight that Ludwig's angina can be managed in resource-limited rural surgical centers through early intervention along with adequate monitoring and surgical drainage if required.
Attendance Norms in Undergraduate Medical Education in India
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: July 2021

Medical education has been recognized as a challenging professional course as a lot is expected from the medical students during their training period. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine and National Medical Council Website, and a total of 15 studies similar to the current study objectives were selected based on the suitability with the current review objectives. In order to ensure that students actively participate in their learning and eventually progress from one professional year to the next one, the regulatory body has formulated eligibility criteria for the students to appear in summative assessments. Although attendance policy tends to have a significant influence on reducing the unnecessary absenteeism in the class, it cannot be conclusively said that the best learning occurs while students are physically attending the class. A student can be asked to mandatory attend those sessions wherein the content cannot be perfected by reading material. To conclude, the clause of meeting attendance norms for being eligible for the summative assessment is a must in many ways to ensure that students remain involved in their learning process. However, there is a definite scope to modify the attendance norms depending on the type of sessions and whether the proposed knowledge or skills can be acquired within the four walls of a class or by the students on their own.
Effect of Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment on Decompensated Hepatitis C Virus Cirrhosis
Authors: Jakhete Neha , Deshpande Rati , Bowring Mary G. , Shay Jessica , Katzianer Jennifer , Seaman Shanti , Gurakar Ahmet , Durand Christine M. , Barnaba Brittany , Shetty Kirti
Published: July 2021

Goals:

The goal of the study is to assess the effect of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on the model for end-stage liver disease-sodium (MELD-Na) score and on specific decompensations related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhosis. The aim of our study was to identify a specific cohort of patients with cirrhosis, if any, that should be targeted for treatment with DAAs.

Background:

The development of DAAs has provided safe and well-tolerated treatment options for patients with advanced liver disease. However, controversy remains in terms of optimal timing of treatment and whether this treatment should be offered before or following liver transplantation.

Methods:

We identified all patients with HCV cirrhosis who initiated treatment with DAA therapy at Johns Hopkins Hospital between July 2014 and June 2016. We identified a subset of patients who had decompensated cirrhosis and recorded their MELD-Na scores and decompensations pre- and post-treatment.

Results:

Fifty-six patients achieved sustained virologic response with decompensated HCV cirrhosis. The group demonstrated a significant decrease in median MELD-Na score following treatment from 12 to 10.5. Furthermore, a significant percentage of patients experienced resolution of ascites following DAA therapy with 19 patients (35.2%) clearing their ascites posttreatment. Of the 19 patients who cleared ascites, MELD-Na score decreased from a median of 12 (interquartile range [IQR] 11–18) to 11 (IQR 8–14), P = 0.01.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that patients with ascites as their main decompensation should be considered for the treatment with DAAs, while awaiting liver transplant given that the MELD-Na score showed only modest improvement and thus would not affect liver transplant (LT) listing priority.
Prevalence and Psychosocial Correlations of COVID-19-Related Worries in People with Diabetes Mellitus Seeking Services from East Indian Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Patra Suravi , Acharya Swati Priyadarshini , Taywade Manish , Bandyopadhyay Debapriya , Patro Binod Kumar
Published: July 2021

Context:

Patients with diabetes are more prone to psychosocial problems which are known to adversely impact clinical outcomes of diabetes. COVID-19 is understood to further worsen the psychosocial problems of patients with diabetes.

Aims:

We carried out this cross-sectional telephonic survey of COVID-19-related worries in patients with diabetes mellitus to understand the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19-related worries.

Settings and Design:

This was a telephonic survey of patients seeking care from noncommunicable disease clinic of a tertiary care medical center.

Subjects and Methods:

We used a structured questionnaire to assess sociodemographic, clinical, psychological variables and COVID-19-related worries.

Statistical Analysis Used:

We used SPSS 20.0 for descriptive statistics keeping significance levels at 0.05. Between-group comparisons of continuous variables were made with independent t-test and two-way ANOVA; correlations were carried out with Pearson correlation test.

Results:

Two hundred and nine patients completed the telephonic survey conducted from September to November 2020. The prevalence of diabetes-related worries in our sample was 80%. Younger age (P < 0.001), unemployment (P = 0.029), and the presence of mental disorder (P < 0.001) were associated with higher diabetes-related worries. Poor glycemic control (0.008) and symptoms of COVID-19 (0.03) were associated with diabetes-related worries. Diabetes-related worries correlated with diabetes distress (ρ =0.441, P < 0.001), social isolation (ρ =0.401, P < 0.001), and perception of social support (ρ = −0.158, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

A large proportion of our patients with diabetes are at high risk to experience COVID-19-related worries especially, younger people, unemployed and those with mental illness. Furthermore, the presence of diabetes distress and the perception of social isolation increase COVID-19 worries.
Aspiration During Emergency Intubation in the Emergency Department
Authors: Roshan Ramgopal
Published: July 2021

Endotracheal intubation is considered the gold standard airway management in the Emergency department (ED) for patients requiring definitive airway. It is one of the most commonly performed invasive procedures in the ED. Due to limited time for preparation, unstable condition of the patient, and urgency of the situation, it is always considered a high-risk procedure. The risk of aspiration is high in patients with low sensorium while the intubation process itself is associated with an increased risk of aspiration. It is therefore important to take preventive steps and recognize early signs of aspiration as treatment is difficult and could prolong and complicate hospital stay. Until a gold standard definition and a reliable diagnostic marker for aspiration pneumonia (AP) is available, it would always be a challenging task for clinicians to diagnose AP.
How Safe is Covishield (ChAdOx1nCoV-19) Vaccine? Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Inbaraj Leeberk Raja , George Carolin Elizabeth , Franklyn Nirupama Navamani
Published: July 2021

Background:

Coronavirus disease vaccine has been recently rolled out for health care workers in India. We aimed to determine the incidence of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) among healthcare workers (HCWs) after their first dose of the ChAdOx1nCoV-19 vaccine.

Methodology:

We recruited 218 HCWs for this cross-sectional study. We circulated a google form on the hospital and asked them to self-report their vaccination experience.

Results:

Two-thirds (69.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 63.1–75.7) had minor AEFI, and none had severe AEFI. Body ache (46.8%, 95% CI: 40–53.6) was the most common symptom followed by headache (30.3%, 95% CI: 24.2–36.8). Most of them (39.4%, 95% CI: 32.9–46.2) experienced symptoms within 4–24 h after taking the vaccine. Majority (78.9%) were anxious before the vaccination. The younger age group and female gender were significantly associated with AEFI.

Conclusion:

HCWs experienced minor, self-limiting AEFI with the first dose of ChAdOx1nCoV-19. The hospital reported no serious AEFI following the vaccination.
COVID-19 Pandemic in India
Authors: Dsouza Royson , Menon Nandakumar
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a real test to the healthcare system of India ever since the first reported case in December 2019. Surgical illnesses amongst other diseases have taken a severe brunt during the pandemic due to restriction in operative procedures, lockdown and travel restrictions. The tertiary care centers located in tier three cities are burdened with managing patients with COVID-19 infections. The impact due to cancellation and postponement of surgical illnesses will be tremendous. It is imperative to make rural secondary care hospitals part of the solution in this crisis. In this article, the authors have summarized how best this can be achieved in a manner that protects the patients without putting the health workers at risk.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Role of Behavior Change Communication
Authors: Taywade Manish , Chandanshive Pradnya Dilip , Pradhan Somen Kumar
Published: July 2021

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, various public health interventions have been employed due to the lack of an effective vaccine or treatment against the disease. Despite various global and national initiatives, there is still a lack of compliance among the general public. Hence, there is a need for behavior change communication (BCC) for individuals as well as communities to effectively combat the disease spread. This article attempts to address the issues in implementing public health measures and the role of BCC in controlling the pandemic situation.
Evaluation of probiotic effect of Actinomyces species on dental caries
Authors: Shoker Nahed S. , Abo Hamila Nahed A.A. , Abdel Hamid Amal M.E. , El Madboly Lamiaa A.
Published: July 2021

Objectives

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Actinomyces bacteria on dental caries formation on rats.

Materials and methods

The present study was carried out on forty male Albino rats at range of 21 days of age. The rats were selected and divided into two groups, including 20 rats of each, group I was received Actinomyces isolates beside cariogenic diet. However, group II was received only cariogenic diet to the end of the experiment. Both groups were orally infected with Streptococcus mutans for 3 consecutive days. After 3 months all rats were sacrificed, the mandible was examined using magnifying lens to record caries incidence. χ
2 test was used for statistical comparison of caries incidence between the two groups. Level of significance was 0.05.

Results

Dental caries formation was significantly decreased in the study group compared to the negative control group.

Conclusion

Actinomyces administration may be effective in reducing dental caries formation on rats, suggesting the role of dental plaque micro-organisms in formation of pigment and reduction of dental caries.
Comparative in-vitro study of marginal gap of four cad/cam all ceramic systems with thermal aging
Authors: Hasaneen Fatma A. , Mogahed Marwa M.
Published: July 2021

Aim:

Marginal fit evaluation of diverse all ceramic systems before and after thermal aging

Objectives:

To assess the impact of thermocycling on marginal adaptations of CAD/CAM ceramic crowns manufactured from distinctive prefabricated blocks. Background: Good marginal adaptation guarantees gingival health and comes about in less cement disintegration and few occasions of caries and discoloration improper marginal fit lead to plaque maintenance, microleakage and cement breakdown. Marginal accuracy can be measured via inspection, exploratory probing and radiographic examination. Glass ceramics are used to replace missing or damaged tooth structure because of their high translucency, superior biocompatibility and low thermal conductivity. However, they are brittle materials which display a high compressive and low tensile strength. Zirconia is a strong substitute veneering for glass ceramics, but it has more opacity. That opacity decreased recently by addition of more translucent feldspathic porcelain to achieve the desired esthetics.

Methods:

Four groups of 20 crowns each (Celtra DUO, e-max CAD, bilayered zirconia and monolithic zirconia) were cemented on identical all ceramic artificial teeth. Marginal gaps measured before and after thermal aging as half of specimens were thermocycled 500 times between the maximum and minimum temperatures that the mouth is subjected to (5±1°C and 55±1°C) respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using Graph-Pad In-Stat statistics software for Windows.

Results:

Marginal gaps of all tested materials within clinical range (<120 μm). The highest marginal gap mean value and standard deviation (SD) before and after thermal aging recorded with bilayered zirconia (39.73 ± 9.43) and (50.23 ± 14.6) respectively. E-max CAD showed the lowest values before thermal aging (19.65 ± 10.2) while Celtra DUO showed the lowest values after thermal aging (32.21 ± 7.88) with significance between all groups except Celtra DUO before and after thermal aging. Irrespective of material type, totally it was found that thermally aged groups recorded higher marginal gap mean value (41.56 μm) than non-aged ones mean value (28.94 μm) with statistical significance.

Conclusion:

Bilayered zirconia recorded the highest marginal gap in aged and non-aged subgroups among all tested all ceramic systems with statistical significance. E-max CAD and Celtra DUO recorded the lowest marginal gaps. Thermal aging increased marginal gap mean values as a total result of all ceramic systems.
Antimicrobial efficacy of manual versus rotary instrumentation on Enterococcus faecalis in nonvital primary molars
Authors: Elmancy Tamer A. , Tawfik Amani M. , Barakat Ibrahim F. , Fathi Adel A. , Nasr Glal A.
Published: July 2021

Objective

To compare between manual and rotary protaper filing techniques in partially pulpectomized primary molars from microbiological point of view.

Materials and methods

This study was performed on 60 badly decayed primary molars indicated for partial pulpectomy. Molars were selected from children attending the outpatient clinic of Pedodontics and Oral Health Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University. The selected teeth were classified into two equal groups. GP 1: 30 primary molars were received partial pulpectomy using manual protaper filing system. GP 2: 30 primary molars were received partial pulpectomy using rotary protaper filing system. Microbiological assessment for the canal preparation were done after collection of initial and postfiling samples for each group.

Results

Rotary group offers highest percent of bacterial reduction when compared with manual group with statistically significant differences.

Conclusion

Rotary protaper instrumentation was more effective in reducing bacterial numbers in infected root canal than manual instrumentation. Both filing techniques did not give bacteria-free canal.
Angels and Angelology: The Ministering Spirits and Elect ‘sons of God’
Authors: Ndlovu Siphiwe , Nicolaides Angelo
Published: July 2021

Jesus Christ is central to Christianity as God and Saviour and He taught concerning the existence of angels, so as Orthodox Christians we ought to embrace the belief in angels. This article approaches the themes from a mainly Orthodox perspective and contends that angels are important, not only as part of a prescriptive Biblical world-view, but also as creatures serving God. Angelology or the study of angels such as this one, is part of systematic theology and is a key category of theology in Orthodoxy and Catholicism. It is metaphysical in that it studies being and all reality in the physical and spiritual realms. Angels as God’s agents, are considered from a biblical vantage point and the teachings of early Church Fathers who believed that God fashioned the angels long before He created the observable world. It is clear from Holy Scripture that angels protect people under the authority of the creator. Angels are non-corporeal despite manifesting at times in human form. They are messengers and ambassadors of the Most High. Their core function is to devote their existence to doing God’s will and they are assigned various missions on earth. They play a crucial role in reconciling fallen humanity with God as they praise Him and call on people to worship and adore Him. Angels are ordered in specific ranks in which diverse roles are played by them. As Orthodox adherents we believe they have been with us since the very creation and have helped to guide the Church as the ‘Bride of Christ’ who is its head. Angels will play an essential role when Christ returns at the Second Coming. People can be elevated above angels by responding to God’s saving work and may even get to judge angels. There are also fallen angels, headed by Lucifer, thus they are not infallible. Either way, angels form part of a significant component of divine revelation and should never be ignored. Angels should not be worshipped but rather venerated for their excellence as ministering spirits and servants of the Most High. According to Orthodoxy, human beings in the Christian faith need to make the Holy Bible, Holy Tradition and teachings of the early Church Fathers, their authority on all matters of spirituality and seek the support of the Paraclete. In African traditional cosmology (ATC) there is a shared spiritual belief in ancestors, which is also worth briefly touching on. A study such as this then serves to widen our understanding of God, and how He operates in His Creation.
Knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the Pharm.D interns towards adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting and pharmacovigilance
Authors: Venkatasubbaiah Meda , Reddy P Dwarakanadha , Satyanarayana Suggala V
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Lack of awareness about pharmacovigilance (PV) is one of the most important causes of under-reporting, which is widespread and poses a daunting challenge in India. The aim of this study is to assess and to document the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D) interns who practicing in hospitals with regards to PV and adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting and to identify the causes of under reporting.     Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted for a period of six months across ten hospitals in Andhra Pradesh, India. Results: Overall, 578 responses were analysed, 78% of the participants had good knowledge on reporting ADR, 82% were aware that patient will be benefited from the ADR reporting, and the majority of the participants had a positive attitude towards reporting ADR. Fifty-nine percentage of the participants had reported the ADRs through different ADR reporting procedures, 52% were advised the awareness programmes for improving the reporting culture, and 34% had the difficulty in deciding or diagnosing the ADR.      Conclusion: The KAP of the Pharm.D interns is appreciable and may reduce the burden on the other healthcare providers and improve patient care.
A Review on Watermarking using Local Binary Pattern
Authors: Srivastava Sanket Kumar , Dwivedi Prabha Kant
Published: July 2021

Local binary patterns are best known because of their robust texture-defining capacities and digital watermarking used to prove multimedia content copyright. This work presents an overview of the binary watermark in the image blocks by changing the pixels conveyed by the LBP pattern of the neighborhood. However, different photo blocks can have the same LBP pattern, which in the watermark process can lead to incorrect detection. In other words, without changing your watermark message, one can change the host image deliberately. Moreover, before watermark embedding, there is no encryption procedure, which leads to another potential security problem. In this paper, we examine the identical process of LBP synthesis or reverse LBP and its suitability for the digital watermarking image. The process of LBP synthesis varies by pixel values so that the LBP from these pixels is the required synthesizable value. Due to the LBP synthesis character, the watermark needs to be integrated with only a few pixels of the given block. The results show that rotational, JPEG compression, and scalable attacks are robust with the technique. This LBP synthesis could also be used to justify ownership using watermark sensor data.
Image Dehazing and Enhancement: A Review
Authors: Verma Mohit Kumar , Verma Permendra Kumar
Published: July 2021

The enhancement of images is an image processing method that highlights certain image information according to specific needs and, at the same time, weakens or removes unwanted information. In the field of computer and machine vision, haziness and fog lead to degradation of images using different degradation mechanisms, including contrast attenuation, blurring, and degradation of the pixels. This limits machine vision systems efficiency such as video monitoring, target tracking, and recognition. Different dark channel single image dehazing algorithms have been designed quickly and efficiently to address image hazing problems. These algorithms rely on the dark channel theory to estimate the atmospheric light which is a crucial dehazing parameter. In this paper, a review of image dehazing and enhancement has been presented.
Auto Seed Sowing Agriculture Robot
Authors: Belgali Pooja , Jadhav Swapnagandha , Shirgure Snehal , Shirgure Kiran
Published: July 2021

Agriculture is the most important field. Many of the lives are dependent on agriculture. It requires a large number of labours, as well as the time required for the process of planting the seed, is more? This system reduces the labour requirement, human efforts, as well as this system, reduces time. This machine has a very little cost. This planter is very simple to use hence, the unskilled farmer is also able to handle this machine. We simplified the design also made it cheaper and affordable to every rural farmer. This system is designed to implement the Seed sowing & weeding process automatically. By using the mobile android app it is simple to operate. This robot moved the front side, backside, left, and right according to the instruction given by us. The seeds fall at a particular distance by giving a specific delay. The weeding is also done in this system. We use a DC pump for providing water after seeding is done. This is IOT based system so from anywhere we can handle this robot. It reduces the time as well as labour requirement and it has fewer efforts.
Review of Ensemble-Based Filter Feature Selection Techniques for Building Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Karna Ishita , Madam Aniket , Deokule Chinmay , Adhao Rahul , Pachghare Vinod
Published: July 2021

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) play a critical role in network security by monitoring network traffic for malicious activities and detecting vulnerability exploits against target applications or computers. A large number of redundant and irrelevant features increase the dimensionality of the dataset, which increases the computational overhead on the system and reduces its performance. This paper studies different filter-based feature selection techniques to improve performance of system. Feature selection techniques are used to select a well performing subset of features followed by technique of ensemble learning, which selects an optimal subset of features by combining multiple subsets of features. Feature selection combined with ensemble learning is explored in this paper. The performance of the algorithms implemented in existing research in terms of accuracy, false alarm rates, and true positive rates is explored, and their shortcomings are observed.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Various Fraction of Lick leaves (Villebrunea rubescens) against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Bacterial
Authors: Dewi Pratiwi Rani , Dewi Pratiwi Rani , Dewi Pratiwi Rani
Published: July 2021

Lick leaves (Villebrunea rubescens) are one of the medicinal plants from the Urticaceae family. In Papua, we called it Daun jilat, which is used empirically by the community to treat contusion or bruises in the Serui area, Yapen Island Regency, Papua, Indonesia. Based on the result of the phytochemical screening, V. rubescens contained Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, Quinones, and Flavonoids. In previous research on an extract of Lick leaves, it was found that the antibacterial activities within inhibition zone have value of 8.7 mm (125 ?g/mL). This research aims to find out the antibacterial activities of the various fraction of Lick leaves in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial and to find out the most effective concentration of the various fraction of Lick leaves. The method used in this research was disc diffusion method and the solution used was ethanol-water, ethyl acetate, and N-hexane with the variable concentration used was 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000ppm. The result showed that Lick leaves fraction of ethanol-water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane had an inhibition zone against the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, while the n-hexane and ethyl acetate had an inhibition zone against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. However, for the ethyl-acetate, the inhibition zone was categorized as weak. The concentration of Lick leaves which effectively inhibited the growth of bacteria was ethanol-water fraction with an inhibition zone of 7.78 mm against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria and ethanol-water fraction with an inhibition zone of 3.89 mm against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Antioxidant Activity of Dendrobium lasianthera and Geodorum densiflorum
Authors: Susanty Simaremare Eva , Susanty Simaremare Eva , Susanty Simaremare Eva
Published: July 2021

Many antioxidants are obtained from plants that contain secondary metabolic compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, etc. Thus, the search for plants that are rich in natural antioxidants is conducted continuously, including orchids. Dendrobium lasianthera and Geodorum densiflorum are orchids having secondary metabolites that are thought to have antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts of these two types of orchids using the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine). The results showed that the IC50 of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of D. lasianthera was 288.24 ppm and the stem was 26.27 ppm. The IC50 of the ethanol extract of leaves of G. densiflorum was 277.65 ppm and of the tubers was 197.48 ppm. Finally, the leaves have negligible antioxidant activity, but the stems and tubers had activity ranging from weak to very strong.
A Review on Wireless Sensor Networks Architecture, Operation and Design Challenges
Authors: Pandey Ankit Kumar , Mishra Arun Kumar
Published: July 2021

Wireless sensor networks are designed to remotely monitor physical or environmental attributes such as temperature, pressure, light, sound, etc. They generally comprise embedded system units consisting of sensing, processing, and communication units inside them. Such Wireless sensors can be deployed in extreme conditions like deep forests, high or low-temperature areas, industrial setup, etc. where continuous manual surveillance is not possible. In this paper, Wireless Sensor networks have been discussed in detail. Their architecture, operational characteristics, and challenges associated with setting up and managing the Wireless Sensor Networks have been discussed.
صراع السلطة والإعلام في الوطن العربي وأساليب السيطرة بينهما
Authors: شفيق إيكوفان
Published: July 2021

عرف الإعلام والسلطة منذ القديم حالة من الصراع والترقّب بينهما في إطار ممارسة كل طرف لما يراه حقا مشروعا: فالسلطة تسعى إلى إحكام النظام وفق منظورها، وسحب بساط المراقبة والمحاسبة من أي طرف باعتبارها المسؤول الشرعي على مقاليد النظام في الدولة، في حين يسعى الإعلام إلى تجريد الحقائق من الضبابية التي قد تسودها بدافع الأمن العام أو أسرار الدولة، وتقديم المقصرين في ذلك إلى المحاكمة الاجتماعية قبل المحاكمة القضائية. وعلى هذا الأساس بقيت العلاقة بين الإعلام والسلطة محتدمة، رغم تخلل فترات الاستقرار بينهما في الكثير من الأحيان. إلا أن الترقّب بينهما بقي قائما.
وبخلاف الدول التي تتبنى النظام الإعلامي الشيوعي الذي يرى أن الإعلام والسلطة هما وجهان لعملة واحدة، ولا وجود لصراع حقيقي بينهما، فإن غيرها من الدول وعلى أغلبيتها تعيش المواجهة الفعلية بين السلطة والإعلام، خاصة الإعلام الخاص الذي خرج من عباءة السلطة سواء من حيث التمويل أو التسيير. وهما في ذلك ـــــ أي الإعلام والسلطة ــــ تستعينان بأساليب متعددة من أجل سيطرة كل واحدة منها على الأخرى. هذه الأساليب من شأنها أن تضمن هامشا أوسع من السيطرة، وتضمن لكل طرف احتمالات أكثر من أجل جلب الطرف الأخر في فلكها. وإذا كان للسلطة امتياز النفوذ والقانون، فللإعلام أيضا امتياز الجمهور والرأي العام، والذي من شأنه أن يغير من موازين القوى داخل حلبة الصراع.
من هذا المنطلق تأتي هذه الدراسة لتسليط الضوء على أساليب سيطرة وسائل الإعلام على السلطة، وأساليب سيطرة السلطة على وسائل الإعلام لمعرفة نقاط القوة والضعف لكل منهما.
معالجة القضايا المحلية والعربية والدولية في صحيفة الاتحاد الإماراتية
دراسة تحليلية للمقال الافتتاحي للفترة من 1/10/2017 لغاية 31/12/2017
Authors: خلف خليل الجبوري عبدالعزيز
Published: July 2021

يتناول هذا البحث دراسة تحليلية للمقال الافتتاحي في صحيفة الاتحاد الإماراتية لمختلف القضايا المحلية والعربية والدولية من خلال استخدام طريقة تحليل المضمون، لمعرفة طبيعة التوجهات السياسية والفكرية للسياسة التحريرية للجريدة، وفهم جزء من المشكلات التي يتناولها كاتب المقال الافتتاحي من خلال تحليل مضمونها، لتكوين رأي عام حولها وبيان وجهة نظر المؤسسة السياسية الداعمة لها.
اعتماد الجمهور على الفضائيات في الاستماع والترويج للنكات
دراسه ميدانيه في بغداد 2017
Authors: جاسم الكعبي رعد
Published: July 2021

تمثل التعابير الفكاهيه في المخزون الثقافي المجتمعي احدى الركائز لفهم المجتمعات الانسانيه ،فمن جهه يمكن اعتبارها مراة صادقه لما تحمله من قيم ومعتقدات وممارسات وتصرفات ..ومن جهه اخرى تكشف لنا بطريقه مباشره او غير مباشره عن الجوانب الخفيه في المجتمع ، وتعد النكات شكلا فكاهيا يتناقله الافراد في المجتمعات بوسائل مختلفه منها ماهو شفهي ومنها ماهو مكتوب ومنها ماتتناقله وسائل الاعلام ولاسيما الفضائيات وعلى شكل برامج جماهيريه تكون النكات المحور الاساس لحلقاتها يعتمدها الجمهور للتخفيف من متاعبه اليوميه ونسيان همومه ، وياتي هذا البحث على ثلاث فصول تناول الاول منه الاطار المنهجي للبحث فيما تناول الثاني الاطار النظري بينما تناول الثالث اجراءات البحث الميدانيه.
Economic Press Coverage in the UAE.
Study of Content Analysis of Daily Economic Supplement
Al-Etihad Newspaper 2018
Authors: Ben Amor Ryadh , Fathi Ramadan Mohammed
Published: July 2021

The study covered economic news coverage in its different forms (news, reports, press interviews, articles, etc.) of the economic supplement of the UAE daily newspaper Al Etihad by studying a random sample of the daily economic supplement in November 2018. The study focused on several types of the journalistic forms published by the mentioned annex, and the extent of economic and development coverage of this supplement to other forms such as the publication of studies or economic analysis or the use of the investigative press with all its outputs to serve this coverage to satisfy the growing needs of readers interested in economic issues that are of interest to large numbers of readers nowadays.
The study also examined the economic news forms on which the editorial policy focuses on the appendix, as well as the different sources from which the issuers of the appendix draw this information and organize these sources according to certain criteria such as relevance, credibility, inclusiveness and others. This is to know the percentage of ready-made news (negative) and news produced by the newspaper staff (positive) and news from public institutions that the newspaper works to support and reformulate it (positive / negative). The researcher relied on the methodology of the media survey and the content analysis tool for seven economic supplements for the newspaper mentioned (days 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 and 26/11/2018). The study included three axes, one devoted to the theoretical framework and the second to the methodological framework. The third axis was devoted to the analytical study.
The effect of the exposure of the youth in the Gulf region to the content of violence portrayed in foreign movies broadcasted through satellite channels
Authors: Mohammed Ghydaa , Abdel Rahim Abdallah
Published: July 2021

The modern technology in line with the fast -paced environment has caused the penetration of TV as an influential means of communication in almost all aspects of our lives. This crucial role played by TV has resulted in the creation of a complex effect system on the younger generations based on the contents broadcasted via the satellite channels.
The dense exposure to action and crime genre movies broadcasted through Arab and foreign satellite channels gave rise to a huge set of implications on the youth of the Gulf general in particular. The field study aimed at determining the effect of the exposure of the youth of the Gulf region to the contents of violence portrayed in foreign movies via the satellites. This problem was approached through conducting a field study and applying a questionnaire based on the theory of cultural implantation. By researching the relationship between the exposure of the youth in the Gulf region to violent movie contents and the impact on their behaviors, it becomes evident that there is a strong effect due to the exposure to foreign movies on the youth in the Gulf region as a concrete result of the study. However, we conclude from the results that the Arab channels that reproduce or broadcast movie content are the most followed ones as a result of the way they reformat the content to suit the general public in terms of the availability of translation and the subjection of movies to the regulatory standards that are consistent with the society standards.
Perceived Political Effects of Following Celebrity Activists on Social Media among Egyptian University Students
Authors: Zoelfakar Zoghaib Shaimaa
Published: July 2021

A survey was conducted on a convenience sample of 360 undergraduate university students in the first semester of the academic year 2019/ 2020. The study tested the model of presumed media influence and depended on the tool of a questionnaire that included scales of celebrity involvement, motivations of following celebrities, receptivity, political knowledge, political interest, political engagement, civic engagement, and perceived political effects on the self and others. The significant variables on perceived political effects of celebrities on the self were receptivity and identification, and on others were affinity and identification. The implications of the findings are discussed.
SOME LEGAL ASPECTS OF APPLICATION OF UNIVERSAL JURISDICTION OVER WAR CRIMES
Authors: GULİYEV İlyas
Published: July 2021

The application of universal jurisdiction over war crimes requires responses to a number of questions: Which crimes under international law are considered war crimes? Is there consensus regarding the application of universal jurisdiction over war crimes? Is the prosecution of war crimes under universal jurisdiction the right or the duty of a state? Does the application of universal jurisdiction over war crimes require any connection to the forum state? Do the state officials enjoy immunities from being prosecuted by foreign states under universal jurisdiction for war crimes? Which value should outweigh in deciding of reasonableness of application of universal jurisdiction – to prevent the impunity of the perpetrators of war crimes or to ensure stable and secure international relations with the foreign states? What measures should be taken to ensure further efficiency of universality principle in combatting international crimes?

These questions are the major ones, but not exhaustive and the answers to them have both theoretical and practical importance. In this article we will try to find answers to those questions analyzing the relevant norms of international law, the decisions of the international courts, the legislation and case-law of the states, as well as the legal doctrine. Significant place in the article is allocated to the questions related to the limitations on application of universal jurisdiction and how these limitations could affect the future perspective of this principle.

Findings reached in the article are that further limitations on application of universality principle can lead to loss of its meaning as a legal concept and adoption of a single convention in this field is the possible way out to preserve the important role of this principle in fighting international crimes.
KARAKTERISTIK TRANSFORMATOR 3 FASA (HUBUNG BINTANG DAN DELTA) PADA SISTEM TENAGA LISTRIK AC
Authors: Ambabunga Yusri A M , Masiku Henrianto , Sampetoding Eliyah Acantha Manapa
Published: July 2021

Trafo atau Transformator merupakan peralatan listrik yang berfungsi untuk mengubah nilai suatu arus atau tegangan dari nilai yang satu keniliai lainnya melalui suatu gandengan magnet dan menggunakan perinsip kerja elektromagnetik. Prinsip kerja trafo yaitu berdasarkan hukum Faraday. Jenis dan bentuk trafo bermacam- macam tergantung pada fungsi dan besarnya tegangan dan arus yang bekerja pada trafo tersebut.
ANALISA PEMANFAATAN CAMPURAN BRIKET ARANG SEKAM PADI DENGAN CANGKANG KEMIRI SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF
Authors: Suluh Sallolo
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui; (1) Pengaruh campuran briket arang sekam padi dengan arang cangkang kemiri terhadap boiling time, (2) Pengaruh campuran briket arang sekam padi dengan arang cangkang kemiri terhadap daya bersih (Pout) (3) Pengaruh campuran briket arang sekam padi dengan arang cangkang kemiri terhadap kehilangan daya pada tungku pembakaran, (4) Pengaruh campuran briket arang sekam padi dengan arang cangkang kemiri terhadap efesiensi thermal yang dihasikan.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan memanfaatkan  arang sekam padi dengan arang cangkang kemiri untuk dilakukan pengujian pada kompor.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran briket arang sekam padi dengan kulit kemiri yang paling unggul didapatkan pada briket B3 (campuran arang sekam padi 40% dan kulit kemiri 40%) menghasilkan boiling time pada menit ke-55, daya bersih sebesar 0,24 kW, kehilangan daya sebesar 0,098 kW dan efisiensi thermal sebesar 40,45%.
Sistem Pendeteksi Kebocoran Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) Menggunakan Sensor MQ-2 Berbasis Mikrokontroler
Authors: Garonga Melki , Michael Aryo , Dudung Marni
Published: July 2021

Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a household need which is currently the most widely used by the community as a fuel other than petroleum. The use of LPG cylinders, which increases every year, is directly proportional to the increased risk of fire caused by gas leaks. Many LPG cylinders circulating in the community today do not use good safety. Therefore, a tool is needed to detect LPG leaks so that people can find out more quickly when there is a gas leak. This system is designed using a microcontroller-based MQ-2 sensor. The MQ-2 sensor functions as a gas leak detector, the buzzer serves as a warning in the event of a gas leak and the SIM800L will send an SMS via the user's smartphone.

The MQ-2 sensor can detect gas leaks at a distance of 2 meters in a closed room without ventilation. The MQ-2 gas sensor detects gas leaks using a distance that can be influenced by room temperature and the sensitivity of the MQ-2 sensor, so that the MQ-2 sensor produces a non-permanent time even though it is at the same distance. The buzzer sounds when the MQ-2 sensor detects a gas leak. SIM800L can send SMS notifications to smartphones of LPG cylinder owners when the MQ-2 sensor detects a gas leak, but the time it takes to send an SMS is not fixed because it is influenced by whether the network used by the simcard on the smartphone or the simcard on the SIM800L is good or not.