bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persefone, missbrukare eller missbrukad?
Authors: Schottenius Cullhed Sigrid
Published: November 2022

Persephone, Abuser or Abused

This article addresses the mystifying reinterpretations of sexual violence that we often encounter in the Nachleben of ancient mythology. In the Homeric Hymn to Demeter, Hades’ abduction of his niece Persephone is described with language reminiscent of sex slavery in the Iliad. The maiden continued to be represented as a victim of male and divine violence in Ancient and Early Modern retellings of the myth, but in Romantic and Decadent portrayals her innocence faded. The poppy, which is associated with Demeter in Ovid’s Fasti, now came to dominate representations of her. In Algernon Charles Swinburne’s ”The Garden of Proserpine” (1866) and other creative receptions from this period, she is depicted as a queen of opium and a femme fatale. This process transformed the rape of Persephone. The aggression of Hades and Zeus is blurred as Persephone becomes not abused but an abuser, both victim and perpetrator. The change can be related to actual drug use among women of this period. The neutralization of Hades continued and increased during the twentieth century, as the blame was even shifted to Demeter. In psychoanalysis as well as in contemporary poetry, music and novels, Persephone prefers following Hades to the underworld over staying under the protection of her smothering mother. The article connects this retelling of the ancient myth to another modern myth: a daughter must allegedly break the bonds with her mother in order to become an independent individual. Empirical studies on daughter-mother relationships, however, suggest that this view is mistaken. It is more common that young women feel that a good relationship to their mothers improves their chances of achieving independence.
YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ VE GELİR DAĞILIMI İLİŞKİSİ: AB ÜLKELERİNDEN KANITLAR
Authors: HAKYEMEZ Burhan , EROĞLU SEVİNÇ Demet , SEVİNC Haktan
Published: November 2022

Enerji, önemi artan bir kavram olarak yaşamın her alanında yer almaktadır. Enerjinin artan değerine karşın enerji üretiminde kullanılan petrol, kömür vb. yenilenmesi mümkün olmayan kaynaklar azalmaktadır. Bu kaynaklarda yaşanan azalma maliyetlerde artışı ve tükenme riskini, bu etkenler de enerji üretiminde alternatif kaynak olan yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına olan talebi arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yenilenebilir enerji kullanımının yoksulluk üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda AB ülkelerinin 2007-2020 yılları arasındaki verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu veriler yenilenebilir enerji kullanımının tüm enerji tüketimine oranı, enerji üretim miktarları, hanehalkı elektrik fiyatları, Gini katsayıları ve ekonomik büyüme verileridir. Yenilenebilir enerjinin ve elektrik fiyatlarının gelir dağılımı üzerindeki etkisi için ilk olarak Pesaran CD yatay kesit analizi yapılmıştır. İkinci olarak Breusch-Pagan Heterojenlik testi uygulanmıştır, bu testten sonra CADF birim kök testi uygulanmış ve son olarak Dumitrescu - Hurlin analizi ile incelenmiştir. Sonuçta yatay kesitlerde bir bağlanım sorunu olduğu anlaşılmış, değişkenlerde heterojenliğin mevcut olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gelir dağılımından elektrik enerjisi fiyatlarına doğru ilişki bulunamamıştır. Yenilenebilir enerji ile gelir dağılımı arasında ise çift yönlü nedensel bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.
La Educación de Posgrado desde la gestión del conocimiento
Authors: Hernandez Luque Eylin , Estrada-Sentí Vivián , Hernández de la Rosa Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2022

La creación, apropiación y socialización del conocimiento son claves en las actividades investigativas y científicas que se desarrollan en la Educación de Posgrado. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar los aspectos que permitan evaluar la capacidad, las condiciones tecnológicas y el saber del posgrado, desde la comprensión del proceso de gestión del conocimiento, su importancia, intención, los beneficios, obstáculos y resultados que tiene su aplicación. El análisis documental permitió una caracterización de la Universidad de Ciencias Informáticas de Cuba en cuanto a la aplicación de la gestión del conocimiento en los estudios de posgrado y propone transponer la propuesta de Nonaka & Takeuchi (1998) para potenciarla. Se aplicaron técnicas y procedimientos cuantitativos para las pruebas estadísticas Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO), la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett y el test de Alfa de Cronbach, para comprobar la calidad científica de los cuestionarios en términos de fiabilidad y validez de constructo con el software científico de analítica predictiva IBM SPSS v23. Arrojando una buena relación entre las variables, validez de constructo y fiabilidad de los cuestionarios. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 145 estudiantes de posgrado de programas académicos de la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas. Se propone generalizar los cuestionarios para áreas de investigación que evalúen la aplicación y necesidad de gestionar conocimiento.
PENGARUH INTEGRITAS DAN LOYALITAS KARYAWAN TERHADAP KEPEMIMPINAN DAN PADA PERUSAHAAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KABUPATEN OKU
Authors: HS Andi Berlan , Munajat Munajat , Efrianti Rini
Published: November 2022

Oil palm is an important plantation crop producing food oil, industrial oil, and biofuel. Integrity is defined as acting consistently in accordance with the values ​​and code of ethics, loyalty can be interpreted as loyalty, devotion and trust given or directed to a person or institution, in which there is a sense of love and responsibility to try to provide the best service and behavior. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that this study empirically proves that leadership integrity and loyalty have a significant influence on the trust of the leadership of PT. Minanga Ogan. The impact of employee integrity on the work environment, the integrity that is applied in the work environment has a direct impact on our success and the company because it is more likely to get a promotion. The impact of employee loyalty on the work environment of PT. Minanga Ogan, they will support to face the exams and even the problems faced by the leadership at PT. Minanga Ogan. The impact of employee integrity on the work environment, the integrity that is applied in the work environment has a direct impact on our success and the company because it is more likely to get a promotion. The impact of employee loyalty on the work environment of PT. Minanga Ogan, they will support to face the exams and even the problems faced by the leadership at PT. Minanga Ogan.
PENERAPAN MEKANISASI PERTANIAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN PETANI PADI SAWAH TADAH HUJAN DI KECAMATAN SEMIDANG AJI KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ULU
Authors: Prasetio Tutut , Sari Yunita , Oktariana Yetty
Published: November 2022

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in income using agricultural mechanization and without agricultural mechanization in lowland rice cultivation in Semidang Aji District. The method used in this research is a survey method. using a questionnaire. The sampling method uses a simple random sample method. In this study, there were 813 farmers using the Slovin formula with a margin of error of 10% and the required sample was 89 respondents. The test uses statistical analysis of the T-test or the difference test (t-test) with two averages (parired – samples T-Test) using the SPSS 23 software with the conclusion that it is accepted for revenue and income. for costs not accepted Meanwhile for the acceptance significance test, all costs and revenues can be accepted or significant in the sense that there is a difference in income between mechanized and non-mechanized treatment. The revenue from mechanization for grain production is higher than without mechanization, although the selling price is lower than without mechanization, but the total income from mechanization is higher. The cost of mechanization is smaller than without mechanization so that it can be concluded that the income of mechanized farmers is greater than the income without mechanization due to the mechanization of the amount. The quantity of grain produced is higher, even though the price of grain is lower and the costs incurred are lower than the costs without mechanization, especially for labor. tillage and post-harvest work although equipment rental costs are higher.
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN SEKAM PADI MENJADI ASAP CAIR
Authors: Hariyono Hariyono , Sumarlin Sumarlin
Published: November 2022

The objectives of this study were to: 1) know how much production costs, revenue and income from the rice husk processing business to be as fast as possible in Sumber Suko Village, Belitang OKU Timur District, 2) know how much added value is in processing rice husks as soon as possible in Sumber Village Suko, East OKU Belitang District, 3) how is the level of financial feasibility of rice husk processing business as soon as possible in Sumber Suko Village, Belitang OKU Timur District. The results showed that the total average income obtained from processing rice husks into liquid smoke in Sumber Suko Village in one production process was Rp. 166,111 / process. The average added value of the rice husk processing business into liquid smoke in Sumber Suko Village in one production process is Rp. 266,111 / process or Rp. 17,741 / liter. The business of processing rice husks into liquid smoke in Sumber Suko Village is financially feasible with an NPV value of IDR 50,852,125, an IRR of 14.59% and a Net B / C of 1.43.
Percepção dos visitantes em relação ao Parque Estadual do Rio Vermelho, Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro dos Santos Rosemárcia , Savi Mondo Tiago , Dal Pont Pereira Rafael
Published: November 2022

A visitação turística às Unidades de Conservação (UC) no Brasil e no mundo é uma prática comum, sendo enquadrada dentro das atividades do ecoturismo, o que pode gerar diversos impactos positivos e negativos a estes espaços, os quais devem ser geridos por meio de um planejamento turístico adequado. O objeto do presente estudo é o Parque Estadual do Rio Vermelho (PAERVE), localizado em Florianópolis, no estado de Santa Catarina - Brasil, o qual possui um variado conjunto de trilhas, atrativos e potenciais para a realização de diferentes modalidades esportivas, o que contribui significativamente para o uso público. O objetivo do artigo é verificar qual a percepção dos visitantes em relação ao PAERVE por meio de uma pesquisa quantitativa, bibliográfica e descritiva e de análise de conteúdo gerado pelo usuário online. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário enviado de maneira on-line. Posteriormente à coleta de dados, os dados foram tratados por meio da planilha excel. A amostra foi composta de 26 respondentes e 504 comentários analisados com o software TLAB. Como resultado, pode-se compreender que a percepção dos visitantes em relação ao Parque é relativamente positiva, porém apresenta indícios de que melhorias precisam ser feitas por parte da gestão do PAERVE a fim de melhorar a qualidade da visitação, assim como proteger de maneira efetiva a integridade da UC.
O Conceito de Atividade de Estudo na Perspectiva de Elkonin e Davidov: Contribuições que Potencializam e criam condições para o Desenvolvimento dos Alunos
Authors: Alessandra Tatiane Galvão Chiaretti  , Valéria Fernanda Silveira Ferreira
Published: November 2022

Este artigo, por meio de um estudo bibliográfico, teve como objetivo relacionar a Teoria Histórico-Cultural e o processo de ensino aprendizagem, tendo como base a Atividade de Estudo. Para tanto, mobilizaram-se reflexões com base em pensadores e teóricos da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural e da Teoria da Atividade, tais como Vigotski, Elkonin e Davidov. Além disso, o conceito de Atividade de estudo como ponto de partida para a compreensão e para internalização da teoria, visto que tem o papel imprescindível no processo educativo. Considera-se pertinente debruçar-se sobre o assunto visto que, como profissionais da área da educação é importante viabilizar e proporcionar uma aprendizagem significativa por meio da educação. Essa discussão evidenciou que, para os autores, o desenvolvimento do psiquismo não se guia pela idade cronológica e a atividade social da criança tem uma relação concreta com o mundo, pois, por meio dela, são gerados novos processos psíquicos, ou seja, novas necessidades são provocadas pelo movimento da vida.
CRUZANDO FRONTEIRAS EM BUSCA DA FORMAÇÃO MÉDICA
Authors: Webber Maria Aparecida
Published: November 2022

A mobilidade na fronteira Brasil – Paraguai (Foz do Iguaçu e Ciudad del Este) é um fenômeno observado por moradores locais, turistas, pesquisadores e pesquisadoras. Esse contexto fronteiriço tão singular foi tema de inúmeros trabalhos acadêmicos, sobretudo centrados nos tópicos relacionados ao comércio, contrabando e descaminho. Entretanto, outros fluxos vêm ganhando espaço no cruce cotidiano da Ponte da Amizade, com milhares de brasileiros e brasileiras buscando no Paraguai a formação superior em medicina nas instituições de ensino superior privadas. O presente trabalho contextualiza essa fronteira tão singular e apresenta o cenário da educação superior em medicina atual na região.
Speaking en operadoras de turismo de la ciudad de Guaranda
Authors: Abarca Camacho Gloria del Rocío , Asqui Luna Jessica Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

Se debe tomar en consideración que el proceso de la enseñanza del aprendizaje de un idioma no se basa únicamente en la comprensión de la correcta estructura de la gramática, debiendo desarrollar adicionalmente un sinnúmero de habilidades de lo articula. Una de las principales destrezas que se debe dominar es el Speaking. En base a esto se propone como refuerzo el conocer la forma en que aprenden los estudiantes para dotar de mejores estrategias metodológicas a los profesores. por lo cual el objetivo de esta investigación es proponer estrategias metodológicas para desarrollar destrezas del speaking en operadoras de turismo de la ciudad de Guaranda. Por lo cual se aplicó la encuesta PNL de estilos de aprendizaje a 25 trabajadores de operadores de turismo, lo cual evidencio que no existe una mayoría absoluta por un estilo de aprendizaje, A pesar de que el estilo visual es mayoritario con el estilo cinestésico con un 40% del total de los encuestados, seguido de un 28% de estudiantes que tienen un estilo auditivo, en tercer lugar, está el estilo visual con el 27%, y el 5% restante se refleja en combinaciones de dos estilos, no se llega a definir un estilo predominante entre los trabajadores de las operadoras de turismo de la ciudad de Guaranda por la poca variación que existe en los porcentajes dados. Y finalmente se propuso un cuerpo de estrategias para los tres estilos anteriormente mencionados.
Análisis de la Gestión de Orientación Vocacional en bachillerato técnico
Authors: Tapia Samaniego Carlos Antonio , Benavides Lara Raúl Marcelo
Published: November 2022

En esta investigación los autores analizan la Gestión de Orientación Vocacional en la Unidad Educativa “Carlos Cisneros” de la ciudad de Riobamba, para lo cual se pretende conocer por parte de los actores de la orientación vocacional la existencia del mismo, y como lo perciben, para esto se ha tomado como muestra a los 266  estudiantes de décimo año de educación general básica de las carreras técnicas que oferta la unidad educativa, los docentes (10) de los mismos, y los partícipes (4) del departamento de Departamento de Consejería Estudiantil (DECE). A estas personas se les aplicaron test para conocer su percepción y se encontró que casi la mitad de los estudiantes afirman no conocer con claridad las figuras profesionales del Bachillerato Técnico, y el resto las conoce muy poco. Lo que se puede deducir que hace falta un trabajo conjunto entre docentes, autoridades, DECE, estudiantes y padres de familia para poder orientar de mejor manera los jóvenes en este tipo de decisiones. Una vez aplicadas las encuestas al personal del DECE, se puede afirmar que están totalmente conscientes de que el trabajo de orientación vocacional que hay que realizar con los estudiantes, está incompleto, ya que hace falta fortalecer la identidad personal de los alumnos, afirmando su autoestima y valor trascedente; así como también articular su trabajo con la ayuda de los demás compañeros de trabajo y en especial con los padres de familia, quienes son la influencia directa, principal y permanente en las decisiones que los jóvenes toman.
Rúbrica de evaluación interdisciplinaria: un instrumento de verificación de resultados de aprendizaje
Authors: González Anguieta Alondra Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

El estudio se realizó, a partir de la diversidad de problemas que existe al momento de evaluar aprendizajes, los mismos que no son transmitidos de manera interdisciplinar porque se evalúan con instrumentos tradicionales, generando un proceso sumativo obligatorio mediante la medición de conocimientos. Esta investigación tiene por objetivo “Teorizar la rúbrica de evaluación interdisciplinaria, como instrumento de verificación de los resultados de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de sexto semestre de la Carrera de Biología, Química y Laboratorio”. La metodología utilizada de acuerdo con el diseño es no experimental, con un enfoque cualitativo, nivel descriptivo, el método para el análisis de información fue triangulación de datos al emplear la entrevista. La población estuvo conformada por 21 estudiantes, 5 egresados y 5 docentes. Los resultados obtenidos fueron: El 98% de los encuestados dieron a conocer que los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados por los pedagogos son; pruebas, ensayos, laboratorios, lecciones orales; el 2% manifestó que la rúbrica no es utilizada con frecuencia para evaluar. Por lo tanto, el 90% de los estudiantes consideraron que los docentes de la carrera necesitan implementar rúbricas interdisciplinarias, para fortalecer el proceso de evaluación y permitir al estudiante mejorar su aprendizaje y desarrollo de competencias. Se concluye que la rúbrica propuesta provee al pedagogo un instrumento que le permite desarrollar una evaluación formativa, donde el educando participe en el proceso de valoración e identifique sus fortalezas y debilidades con el fin de mejorar su formación profesional.
Síndrome de burnout y su afectación en el bienestar docente de los investigadores del CEDECOR - UNLP
Authors: Caichug Rivera Daniela Margoth , Caputo Maricel , Colasurdo Diego , Carreras Gonzalo , Pila Matías , Ruíz Danila Lujan , Laurella Sergio Luis
Published: November 2022

El síndrome de burnout o “síndrome de desgaste profesional”, es un estado de cansancio físico y emocional resultante de la sobre carga laboral. El trabajador que sufre burnout va a ir viendo como poco a poco su salud se ve afectada a causa de la exposición a determinadas condiciones de trabajo, que conllevara a problemas emocionales, físicos y conductuales. Surgió la pregunta de investigación ¿Cuál es el nivel de afectación del síndrome de burnout en el bienestar docente en CEDECOR? Se utilizó un instrumento confiable (encuesta) con validación factorial que consta de 22 ítems Test de medición del síndrome de burnout (MBI) y se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia a 13 docentes de la Universidad Nacional de la Plata, obteniendo que, en cansancio emocional y despersonalización es bajo, en realización personal medio, lo que significa que los docentes no desarrollan una actitud negativa e insensible hacia las personas con quienes se trabaja además evalúan los sentimientos de autoeficacia es decir que los logros profesionales quedan por debajo de las expectativas personales, se recomienda evitar la sobre carga laboral y mejorar las condiciones laborales como se especifica en la sección 3 de resultados.
Teoría conectivista en el aprendizaje de derivadas con estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Guamán Caguana Nelson Alfonso
Published: November 2022

La investigación se realizó con los estudiantes de segundo año de bachillerato paralelos “B” y “D” de la Unidad Educativa Amelia Gallegos Díaz, teniendo como énfasis la contribución que demanda el sistema de educación en el bachillerato general unificado del Ministerio de Educación en Ecuador, mediante la integración de herramientas tecnológicas con sus recursos para fortalecer el desarrollo de aprendizaje en derivadas, donde se evidenció la falta de implementación de recursos didácticos informáticos, por ello se formuló el objetivo general: determinar la relación entre la teoría conectivista y el aprendizaje de derivadas, el dominio científico se atribuye a la innovación socio-educativa, orientado a la línea de investigación TIC en educación, el diseño de la investigación fue no experimental de tipo descriptiva y de campo, su nivel estuvo enmarcado en los ámbitos exploratorio y correlacional. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó la ficha de observación y la prueba objetiva tanto en el paralelo “B” donde se observó la utilización de materiales didácticos tecnológicos que sugiere la teoría conectivista, es necesario indicar que en el paralelo “D” no se visualizó la aplicación del conectivismo. En conclusiones los estudiantes tienen aceptación y una mejor respuesta en relación con la conexión con los recursos informáticos que se les socializa como eje transversal para el aprendizaje de derivadas.
Ensayo académico: una estrategia de aprendizaje en la asignatura de biología celular
Authors: Sánchez Calderón Jhoselyne Matilde
Published: November 2022

La investigación se realizó en la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, el problema fue la falta de importancia al ensayo académico como estrategia de aprendizaje, para mejorar la divulgación del conocimiento, el objetivo es describir la importancia del ensayo académico como una estrategia de aprendizaje, para mejorar la divulgación del conocimiento de Biología Celular con los estudiantes de segundo semestre de la Carrera de Pedagogía de la Química y Biología, periodo octubre 2019 abril 2020. El método aplicado en la investigación fue el método de análisis-síntesis e inductivo- deductivo, estos fueron utilizados en la recopilación de datos, la técnica que se aplicó fue la encuesta para comprobar el problema existente de la investigación. El resultado que engloba la investigación fue que el ensayo académico si debe ser aplicado como una estrategia de aprendizaje en la formación académica, a la alternativa necesario un 83%, lo que demostró que esta herramienta en importante para mejorar la divulgación de conocimientos en Biología Celular. Se concluye que el ensayo académico resulta una estrategia eficaz para mejorar el aprendizaje y como instrumento de divulgación del conocimiento, esto debido a que los estudiantes deben fomentar la lectura comprensiva y desarrollar un pensamiento crítico.
Personal Hygiene pada saat Menstruasi
Authors: Wahyudi Nanda , Listautin  , Riastawaty Dewi
Published: November 2022

Personal hygiene saat menstruasi perlu dilakukan dengan benar untuk mencegah resiko terkena infeksi pada organ reproduksi terutama bagi remaja perempuan. Dari hasil penelitian, 69,6% wanita memiliki perilaku positif dalam perawatan genetalia dan 31,01% perilaku negatif, dari presentase tersebut wanita yang tidak melakukan perilaku personal hygiene menstruasi dengan baik cenderung terkena infeksi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja remaja santri putri Pondok Pesantren Ma’Had Al-Mubarak Al-Islami Litahfizil Qur’an Al-Karim mengenai Personal hygiene saat menstruasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, demonstrasi, pretest-posttest serta diskusi dan tanya jawab menggunakan video edukasi dengan media laptop, leaflet dan LCD. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini mendapat respon yang positif dari santri, terbukti dengan adanya antusias santri dalam memberikan pertanyaan. Berdasarkan proses evaluasi diketahui bahwa adanya peningkatan pengetahuan santri tentang personal hygiene saat menstruasi, hal ini dibuktikan dengan evaluasi pasca penyuluhan dimana 90% peserta dapat menjawab setiap pertanyaan post-test yang diberikan dengan benar. Diharapkan dengan adanya kegiatan ini para santri dapat bersiap dalam menghadapi perubahan seksual, fisik dan psikis yang terjadi pada dirinya serta menjaga kesehatan organ reproduksinya secara baik salah satunya dengan cara melakukan personal hygiene pada saat menstruasi.
Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Economic Growth Nexus in Nigeria: The Role of Financial Development
Authors: Abubakar Hammayo , Abdullahi Kamal Tasiu
Published: November 2022

This study examines the effect of carbon dioxide emissions on economic growth, including investigating whether the CO2-economic growth relationship is dependent on financial development in Nigeria between 1980 and 2020. Due to dwindling economic growth, Nigeria experienced two recessions in one decade. Besides poor growth rates, Nigeria remains a leading emitter of CO2 in the Sub-Saharan region. The motivation for this study derived from the rising level of carbon dioxide emissions in Nigeria which might affect economic growth by dwindling agricultural activities (low output) in some regions, pose health challenges and create a shortage of inputs to agro-allied industries. Hence, this paper attempted to see if there was a causal relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, financial development, and economic growth in Nigeria. The relationship between the variables was examined using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag estimation technique (ARDL) estimation method. The framework for this study has its basis in the endogenous growth theory and utilizes the growth and pollution stock model which showed that sustainable economic growth is influenced by a large stock of pollution (CO2 emission). The results of the boundaries test for cointegration showed a long-term relationship between CO2 emissions, economic expansion, financial development, and energy use. According to empirical data, CO2 emissions have little long-term impact on economic growth. However, there is evidence that the interaction of CO2 emissions and financial development promotes economic growth over the long term, suggesting that CO2 emissions only have an economic influence when there is financial development.
Differences in Knowledge Before and After Instructions on Washing Hands During the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Social Services of the Elderly Management Year 2020
Authors: Nur Masdalifah
Published: November 2022

COVID-19 or Coronavirus Disease 2019 is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is thought to spread between people through respiratory droplets produced when coughing and splashes from someone who is sneezing and obtained from contaminated surfaces that then accidentally touch someone's face. One of the groups most vulnerable to being infected with COVID-19 is the elderly (elderly) aged 60 years and over. One way to prevent COVID-19 is to wash your hands. Hand washing is an inexpensive and easy routine, is important in infection control procedures, and is the best method of preventing the transmission of microorganisms. This study examines the differences in knowledge before and after counseling about hand washing during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research design is a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design study. This is a form of Pre-Experimental Design. The population and sample in this study were 30 elderly people. The results of the pre-test get an average value of 2.37 while the results of the post-test get an average value of 9.67. Based on the SPSS test that has been carried out (P = 0.000; = 0.05 ) Ha (alternative hypothesis) is accepted because the p-value is 0.005 so Ho is rejected with a price level of significance (α) = 5% so that the alternative hypothesis is accepted. Thus the conclusion of this study is that there is a difference in knowledge before and after counseling about hand washing during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Pematangsiantar Elderly Social Service.
The Relationship of Knowledge Level and Attitude of Kahean Women on the Use of Hazardous Facial Whitening Cream
Authors: Arsiaty Sumule
Published: November 2022

One of the most widely used cosmetic preparations by Indonesian women is facial whitening products. Wanting to have white and smooth facial skin is a natural thing for women. This makes them do various ways to get white and smooth skin, one of which is by using facial whitening products. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes of women in Kahean Village towards the use of dangerous face whitening creams. This research uses descriptive research method with cross sectional design. The sample of this study were women in Kahean Village aged 17-50 years as many as 80 respondents, by filling out a questionnaire containing knowledge and attitude questions then the data were processed using chi square analysis with a 95% confidence level using the SPSS program. The results of this study indicate that the knowledge of women in Kahean Village on the use of harmful face whitening products in the good category is 61%, the sufficient category is 2%, the less category is 21%, the bad category is 16%. Women's attitudes are included in the good category as much as 37%, enough category 27%, less category 36%. From the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes towards the selection of harmful facial whitening products with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05).
Level of Community Knowledge About Medicine for Adult Worms in Baru Village Siantar Utara District
Authors: Beta Haninditya
Published: November 2022

Worm disease can cause problems because it causes loss of carbohydrates and protein as well as blood loss, thereby reducing the quality of human resources. The largest nematodes and infecting hundreds of millions of people are roundworms ( Ascaris lumbricoides ), whipworms ( Trichuris trichiura ), and hookworms ( Ancylostoma duodenale and Necatoramericanus ). These types of worms are widely found and easy to grow in tropical and subtropical Asia. And public awareness of the disease is still low. In particular, the new Kelurahan is one of the kelurahan located in Pemangsiantar, which is one of the kelurahan with a dense population, with various age levels. Therefore the authors measure the level of public knowledge of adult worm disease. From the results of the research that the author did using questionnaire data using respondent data with sample data as many as 30 respondents, it was found that the new urban village had a good level of knowledge about the disease, the data can be seen from testing data using the SPSS application with a level of correlation accuracy. the good one.
Testing The Effectiveness of Aloe Vera Ethanol Extract Cream on Wound Healing Incision in the Skin of Mice (Mus Musculus)
Authors: Dilla Sastri Mara
Published: November 2022

A wound is an injury to the skin structure of the underlying tissue that may or may not result in a loss of skin integrity. One of the plants used for wound healing is aloe vera ( Aloe vera ). The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and the most effective concentration of aloe vera extract cream for wound healing in mice. This research is experimental research. Because in this study three concentrations of aloe vera extract cream were used 10%, 25%, 50%, and povidone iodine as comparison. From this study, it was found that 10% aloe vera extract cream could heal cuts in mice for 13.2 days. Aloe vera extract cream 25% can heal cuts in mice for 12.6 days. Meanwhile, 50% aloe vera extract cream can heal cuts in mice for 10.6 days. Povidone iodine which was used as a positive control healed cuts on the skin of mice for 12.6 days. The cream base used as a negative control was able to heal cuts in mice for 12.8 days. From this study it can be concluded that the preparation of aloe vera extract cream is effective in healing cuts in mice.
Effects of Supportive Group Therapy on Levels of Hopelessness in Patients with Cervical Cancer at Cancer Diseases Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Mutelo Christine , Paul Ravi , Ncheka Joyce
Published: November 2022

Background: Hopelessness is a subjective appraisal of negative expectations about the occurrence of a highly valued outcome coupled with the sense that one lacks control over desired events in the future. Hopelessness is an early symptom of depression and is comorbid with cervical cancer. Supportive Group therapy offers an economical and time efficient solution. In Zambia and particularly at Cancer Disease Hospital such structured supportive group therapy is not being offered. This study aims to ascertain whether supportive group therapy can reduce levels of hopelessness in cervical cancer patients at Cancer disease hospital in Lusaka Zambia.Methodology: This was a Single blinded Randomized Controlled Trial conducted at Cancer Disease Hospital in Lusaka Zambia. Single blinded in the sense that participants did not know whether they would be in the control or intervention group. It was conducted between March 2019 and September 2020. Patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of cervical cancer were recruited. Socio- demographic characteristics and clinical presentations were elicited by detailed history taking and file review. All the participants completed Pre- Hopelessness in illness (HAI) Questionnaire and their results were noted. They were then divided into a control and intervention group using computer generated numbers. The intervention group then attended one hour Supportive group therapy sessions weekly for four weeks. The control group continued to receive the usual support of their family members and Cancer disease hospital staff. Both groups were then administered the Post- Hopelessness in illness Questionnaire and their results were noted. Results: 49 patients were recruited. Patient retention was 92% (n= 45). Majority of the participants were of the age group 41-50 years i.e. control group (n =12) intervention group (n= 7). Majority were; married control (n= 11) intervention (n= 12), unemployed control (n=14) intervention (n= 18), had social support control (n=14) intervention (n= 18). Only social support correlated with lower HAI scores (p= 0.047). There was no correlation between therapy and post HAI scores as both p- values i.e. control (p= 0.683) intervention (p= 0.368) were greater than confidence interval 0.05. The intervention group had a greater reduction in HAI scores in comparison to the control group.Conclusion: There was minimal difference in treatment outcomes of cervical cancer patients receiving supportive group therapy to those not receiving supportive group therapy. However, the intervention group showed a better reduction in hopelessness (HAI scores). Social support is the only significant factor associated with lower levels of hopelessness.
Success of Aetoxiscerol in the treatment of medically refractory's rectal mucous prolapse among children
Authors: FALL M , BITCHOKA E , MBOUP M , LO F , MOHAMED Azhar Salim , MBAYE P.A , NDOUR O , NGOM G
Published: November 2022

Background: Rectal prolapse (RP) is a protrusion of the rectum through the anus. In the literature, it seems established that sclerotherapy is the best second line minimally invasive method. The purpose of this work is to review the effectiveness of this technique in a context where surgical procedures still seems to be very used.

Method: We carried out a prospective cross-sectional study over 04 years concerning 20 patients who had recurrent RP and had a lauromacrogol 400 (Aetoxisclerol 2%) submucosal perirectal sclerotherapy.

Results: After an average follow-up of 28 months, complete healing was achieved in 100% of cases. Only one injection was required for 19 patients (95%). One patient required a second injection in connection with a rupture of the dosage form used. No complications were reported.

Conclusion: Sclerotherapy is an effective and simple method that any team should give themselves the means to put in place in the treatment of recurrent RP.
A Survey of Medical Students' Experiences with Online Practical Pharmacology Classes during Covid- 19 Lockdown
Authors: Ezeala Christian Chinyere , Ezeala Mercy Okwudili , Akapelwa Tumelo Muyenga
Published: November 2022

Background: Due to Covid-19 restrictions, medical education now embraces online teaching. Aim: To determined medical students’ perception of online pharmacology practical classes conducted during COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: Years 2 and 3 students participated in the study. Before the pandemic, they used the exercises for on-site classes. They used Cyber Patient, Organ bath, Virtual Cat, and Virtual Rat software to conduct pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, autonomic, cardiovascular, and neuropharmacology exercises. Through Moodle, they received instructions and resources; and the tutors accessed and rated their reports. To determine their readiness and perception of the exercises, the study conducted cross-sectional survey using questionnaire that included a demographic section, a section on ICT readiness, and a section on perception of the exercises. Statistical analysis included mean scores, t-test, Cronbach’s coefficient, and principal components. Results: Sample size for both classes (total enrolment = 191) was 128. Seventy-eight students participated (45 from year 2 and 33 from year 3). Response rate was 60.94 %, mean age 21.7 (SD = 4.0); 74.4 % had no formal ICT training, 92.3 % had personal computers, 95 % used computers often, and 79.5 % required ICT training. Cronbach’s coefficient was 0.8, and factor analysis yielded two principal components that accounted for 54.5 % of variance. Participants were “satisfied” with the exercises, reported that these programs were “quite user-friendly,” “somewhat-easy” to use, and “supportive” of learning. They would “likely” recommend them for future use. Conclusion: The online exercises provided effective method of delivering practical pharmacology classes to medical students.
Vision Screening of Learners (School Children) by Teachers in Kafue District in Zambia as a Strategy to Address the Challenges of Childhood Blindness
Authors: Muma Mulenga I.K. , Chipalo-Mutati Grace , Munthali Judith , Chibwe Teddy , Ngalande Evans , Siputuma Kenneth , Phiri Exhildah , Nyaywa Mutale , Mwelwa Godfrey , Buglass Anne , Mboni Chileshe
Published: November 2022

Background: Early detection and treatment of eye diseases in children is critical in combating childhood blindness. Innovative community-based strategies such as training of teachers in vision screening need to be developed for effective utilisation of the available human resources as well as to counter the challenges of inequitable distribution of trained eye health human resources as well as the limited access of quality eye health care services to the majority of our population.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of using teachers as the first level of vision screeners.

Materials and Methods: Teacher training programmes were conducted for schoolteachers to educate them about childhood eye diseases and the significance of their early detection. The teachers trained for the school vision screening were from all government, private and community schools located in Kafue District. The teachers then conducted vision screening of learners in their schools. Subsequently, the mobile eye health teams visited the schools for the re-evaluation of learners identified with poor vision. All learners identified with refractive errors had refraction performed on them and spectacles prescribed. The mobile eye health teams referred learners requiring a further ophthalmic evaluation to the University Teaching Hospitals – Eye Hospital which was the base hospital for the programme. The assessment included calculation of true positives, false positives, true negatives and false negatives.

Results: One hundred and fifty-four (154) teachers from 73 primary and secondary schools underwent training in vision screening. The teachers screened 18,713 learners and reported eye diseases in 2,818 (15.1%) children. However, the mobile eye health teams examined 5,958 learners who included 2,818 referrals from teachers and 3,140 rescreened learners. The mobile eye health teams confirmed eye problems in 2,818 learners screened by the teachers and further diagnosed more eye problems in 999 learners giving a total of 3,817 learners with eye problems. Thus, the teachers were able to correctly identify eye problems (true positives) in 100.0% (2,818/2,818) of learners. The teachers could not identify eye problems in 999 learners giving false negatives were 26.2% (999/3,817).

Conclusion: Considering the high true positive value and the comprehensive coverage provided by the survey, vision screening in schools by teachers is an effective method of identifying learners with eye problems and poor vision early. This strategy could be valuable in reducing the workload of the eye health care staff.
Geo-Spatial Distribution of Frequencies of MTB/RIF Detected Specimens based on Requesting Health Facilities in Manicaland Zimbabwe for 2017 and 2018
Authors: Zvinoera Katherine , Mutsvangwa J , Chikaka E , Coutinho T D , Kampira V , Mharakurwa S
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to produce Geo Spatial Distribution of Frequencies of MTB/RIF Detected Specimens based on RequestingHealth Facilities in Manicaland Zimbabwe for 2017 and 2018, so as to give insight to TB program managers. Focusing elimination interventions onhot pockets of Tuberculosis (TB) strengthens rationale use of resources in resource limited countries like Zimbabwe. Early detection and earlytreatment is backbone of breaking TB transmission. Drug resistant tuberculosis (DRTB) control interventions like Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant TB or mentoring on Short, all Oral Regimen for Rifampicin resistant Tuberculosis (ShORRT) will be driven by science.

Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was carried out in Manicaland, Zimbabwe. Manicaland one of the 10 provinces in Zimbabwe, has 7 districts with 308 health facilities. During this retrospective cross sectional study 2221 MTB detected results of 2017 and 2018, downloaded from 14 of the 15 Genexpert sites in Manicaland were employed to generate hotspot maps. Fifteenth Genexpert site lost its electronic records when Genexpert CPU crushed. Geographical Positioning System (GPS) of the health facilities were recorded.The study used MTB detected frequencies at a facility in relation to surrounding facilities inManicaland, then ran optimised hotspot analysis function in Arc Map 10.5 to implement the Gi* statistic. 

Results: Overall provincial MTB detected positivity was 2221/36055 (6.2%).Overall provincial Rifampicin Resistant (RR) positivity was .111.2221(5.0%).Geo-spatial map of Manicaland showed 10 facilities that are RR hotspots with 7/10 (70%) of the facilities in Buhera district. Chipinge district had facilities that were MTB detected high hotspots.For the whole of Manicaland, Buhera district had100% MTB detected low hotspots facilities. Ninety percent hotspots were clusteredaround 2 of the 15 Genexpert Sites in Manicaland, namely Murambinda Mission Hospital and Chipinge District Hospital.

Conclusion: Study identified health facilities with high frequencies of RR areas. For the identified health facilities with high frequencies of RR specimens, NTP may focus DRTB control interventions like PMDT, or mentoring on ShORRT. For the health facilities with high frequencies of MTB detected NTP can focus trainings in TB Case Management. Instead of uniformly spreading the limited resources to all 325 facilities, efforts streamlined to manageable number of 20 facilities incommensurate with identified gap( e.g. objective selection of cadres for training, data driven supportive supervision & targeted awarenesscampaigns).
Sedation of Children undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Resource Poor Setting using low doses of Ketamine and Diazepam
Authors: Otokwala J G , Ebirim L N
Published: November 2022

We aimed to describe the successful use of low doses of ketamine hydrochloride with diazepam premedication to sedate children with ages between 3days to five years who presented at three diagnostic centres in Port Harcourt Nigeria for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within a five-year period.This was done in an environment with no MRI compatible anaesthetic machine and monitoring was done by the anaesthetist within the suites. The average age of the children was ten months with a mean dose of 18mg of ketamine used. The mean duration of the procedures was 44.92 minutes and constant presence of the anaesthetist was required throughout the procedures for monitoring. Two incidences of self-limiting laryngospasm occurred with a safe outcome for all of the patients. Children can be satisfactorily sedated with low doses of ketamine for MRI in some less than ideal situations.
Mental Health Research in Namibia: A scoping Review of Literature
Authors: Chipare Mwakanyadzeni Abigail , Mupazvihwo Tracy , Tapera Roy , January James
Published: November 2022

Background: Mental disorders contribute significantly to the global burden of diseases affecting about 30% of the population. In Namibia,there has been very little research on mental health to inform policy and interventions.

Aim: This review sought to explore the extent to which mental health disorders have been researched in the southern African country.

Methods: A scoping review of studies conducted in pre- and post-independent Namibia was carried out. Electronic databases of published articles weresearched using the terms such as: “mental illness”, “psychological disorders”, “Namibia”, and “South West Africa”.

Results: The searches produced 11 900 hits and 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated  that there have been relatively few publications onmental health. Studies focused mainly on depression as compared to other mental illnesses.

Conclusion: There is still need to invest more in research on mental health in Namibia in order to craft appropriate evidence based interventions to improve mental well-being of the population.
Management of Severe Pre-eclampsia within 24hours Postpartum at a Tertiary Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia: A clinical Audit
Authors: Kaunda Kasakula , Kabwe Jane , Phiri Christabel , Lubeya Mwansa Ketty
Published: November 2022

The worldwide incidence of pre-eclampsia ranges between 2% and 5%. Due to its complications, preeclampsia remains a significant public health threat,especially in developing countries. The quality of care given to postpartum women with severe preeclampsia has implications on disease progression.We audited the immediate postpartum care given to women with severe pre-eclampsia at the Women and Newborn Hospital-University Teaching Hospitals, atertiary level hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. We retrospectively reviewed 170 patient's medical records for the period of January 2020 to July 2020 and audited their management based on the local standard guidelines for the management of severe pre-eclampsia.

The total number of patients seen during the study period was 1,317. Of these, the total number with SPE was 170, giving a period prevalence of 12%. Allpatients were admitted to the Special observation unit, now Obstetrics intensive care unit (OICU). 12 SPE patient files had incomplete data; hence their information was not included in the analysis to maintain data quality. All 158 patients received antihypertensive drugs, MgSO₄, with only 35% having laboratory results available.We found that more than 85% of women received adequate care according to standard guidelines on most parameters, including magnesium sulphate administration; however, the laboratory tests were below standard as only 36% of these women had adequate investigations. These findings arepromising, indicating that high quality care is achievable in a low resource setting through clinical audits and completing the audit cycles with a focus on correcting identified gaps.