bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BANGUN RUANG DENGAN ALAT PERAGA PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VI SD. ST. ANTONIUS I MEDAN
Authors: Gultom Friska Florentina
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian yang akan dicapai adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana meningkatnya hasil belajar bangun ruang dalam pembelajaran dengan menggunakan alat peraga pada peserta didik kelas VI SD. St. Antonius I Medan. Hipotesis tindakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui alat peraga dapat meningkatan hasil belajar bangun ruang pada peserta didik kelas VI SD. St. Antonius  I  Medan tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Bentuk penelitian  ini menggunakan rancangan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK).  Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VI-A SD. St. Antonius I Medan yang berjumlah 43 orang peserta didik. Dalam pengumpulan data, metode yang dipergunakan meliputi metode observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Metode observasi meliputi pengamatan terhadap peserta didik dalam berbagai aktivitas belajar baik di dalam kelas maupun di luar kelas, kondisi peserta didik saat mendapatkan pengajaran baik pada siklus I maupun siklus II. Metode tes digunakan untuk mengukur hasil belajar peserta didik  melalui kegiatan penilaian proses yang dilakukan setiap akhir siklus penelitian. Dalam hal ini tes yang diberikan dalam bentuk objektif dan bentuk essay. Metode dokumentasi digunakan untuk memperkuat data yang diperoleh dalam observasi. Dokumentasi dalam penelitian ini berupa nilai formatif  matematika  pokok bahasan bangun ruang pada peserta didik kelas VIA SD.St.Antonius I Medan. Untuk menguji keabsahan data digunakan triangulasi data dan triangulasi metode. Dalam proses analisa ada tiga komponen yang harus disadari oleh peneliti. Tiga komponen tersebut adalah data reduksi, sajian data, penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan  dapat diketahui bahwa nilai rata – rata hasil belajar matematika peserta didik kelas VI-A sebelum dimulai kegiatan perbaikan pembelajaran sebesar 59,16. Setelah perbaikan pembelajaran nilai rata – rata pada siklus I sebesar 66,30 sedangkan  pada siklus II sebesar 78,56 sehingga terdapat kenaikan nilai rata – rata dari siklus I ke siklus II. Dengan demikian terdapat peningkatan ketuntasan belajar peserta didik dari siklus I ke siklus II. Berdasarkan keterangan di atas maka dapat dibuat suatu kesimpulan bahwa melalui alat peraga dapat meningkatan hasil belajar bangun ruang  pada peserta didik  kelas VI-A SD.St. Antonius I  Medan 2019/2020.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA PADA MATERI MENELAAH STRUKTUR DAN UNSUR KEBAHASAAN TEKS CERPEN DENGAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING MELALUI MEDIA GATHER TOWN DI SMP ST. IGNASIUS T.P 2021/2022
Authors: Pinem Malemta Lydia
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini berjuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas IX 3. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilaksanakan selama 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahap, yaitu : (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) observasi, dan (4) refleksi. Tes yang digunakan berbentuk pilihan ganda (multiple choice) dengan empat pilihan jawaban, yang berguna untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat pemahaman siswa terhadap materi yang diajarkan setelah berlangsungnya proses tindakan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode deskriptif dengan membandingkan hasil belajar sebelum tindakan dengan hasil belajar setelah tindakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan Model Discovery Learning dengan aplikasi Gather town dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IX 3. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada siklus I , yaitu 79 dan sebanyak 83 % siswa tuntas dalam pembelajaran dan siklus II , rata-rata nilai 83 dan 100% siswa tuntas dalam pembelajaran.Berdasarkan hasil perbaikan, tindakan dan hasil pengamatan, selama siklus 1 dan siklus 2, dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa juga terlihat aktif selama proses pembelajaran dan lebih mandiri dalam menemukan pengetahuannya. Sehingga pembelajaran yang berlangsung menjadi lebih maksimal, dan pengetahuan yang diperoleh siswa juga lebih bermakna. Hal ini mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa yaitu sebesar 100% siswa berhasil memperoleh nilai diatas KKM.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) DALAM MENULIS KARANGAN TEKS EKSPOSISI PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP DHARMA WANITA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Mahulae Putri Grace Sesilia , Tamba Losten , Gultom Candra R. , Hasibuan Asnita
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektitivitas penerapan model cooperative learning tipe think pair share (TPS) dalam menulis karangan teks eksposisi pada siswa. Penelitian dilakukan di SMP Dharma Wanita pada siswa kelas VIII tahun pelajaran 2022/2023 yang berjumlah 20 orang. Tes yang digunakan adalah test-essay dalam bentuk penugasan, yaitu menulis teks eksposisi. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji “t”. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa model cooperative learning tipe think pair share (TPS) berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam menulis teks eksposisi oleh siswa kelas VIII SMP Dharma Wanita tahun pelajaran 2022/2023
DEVELOPING ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL LEARNING MATERIALS BASED ON INTEGRATION CURRICULUM AND SCIENTIFIC LITERACY FOR NATIONAL PLUS SCHOOL STUDENTS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sabatini Silvia , Manurung Binari , Sudibyo Mufti
Published: August 2024

The integration curriculum is a blend of the current national curriculum in Indonesia (Kurikulum 2013) and foreign curriculum from CIE (Cambridge International Examination). The problem is the unavailability of teaching materials is adequate for both curriculums simultaneously to be held. The aim of this study was to reveals the feasibility of learning material on ecology and environment topics based on integration curriculum and all the scientific literacy components. The feasibility of learning material is obtained through the validation by scientific literacy content experts, design experts, assessment from biology teachers and students’ responses. This research used Borg and Gall model which had 10 stages. However, this study is solely limited to preliminary field testing. Data validation was analyzed in descriptively qualitative. The research result showed that according to integration curriculum and scientific literacy by content experts, the feasibility of learning material was very feasible, in which the feasibility based on science as a body of knowledge has an average score 93.75%, whereas science as a way of investigation 88.54%, science as a way of thinking 87.5% and for interaction of science technology and society 86.25%. The feasibility of learning material’s design corresponded to the design expert was very feasible with 87.20% as well. Result of biology teacher assessment on learning material was 92.96% (very feasible). Students' response to the preliminary field individual testing was 83.92% (very feasible), small group testing was 78.56% (feasible) and large group testing was 80.84% (very feasible). The student's learning outcomes were increasing between experimental and control groups. The results of the unpaired t-test that have been obtained indicate that the significance value or Sig. (2 tailed) = 0,000 below 0.001. This indicates that there is a significant difference of using learning material for the ecology and environmental management topic based on integrated curriculum and scientific literacy to students’ learning outcomes of IGCSE 2 / grade X students, because Sig. (2 tailed) < 0.05
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN DENGAN MEDIA LINGKUNGAN SEKITAR KELAS I TAHUN AJARAN 2022/2023 SD ST. IGNATIUS MEDAN
Authors: Tamba Losten , Aritonang Eva Yunani
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan dengan media lingkungan sekitar dengan melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas yaitu sebanyak 2 (dua) siklus siklus.Setiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahap, yaitu:(1) perencanaan (2) pelaksanaan, (3) observasi, dan (4) refleksi. Tes yang digunakan berbentuk observasi dan wawancara yang berguna untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat kemampuan siswa dalam membaca setelah berlangsungnya proses tindakan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode deskriptif dengan membandingkan hasil pemahaman sebelum tindakan dengan hasil pemahaman setelah tindakan. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media lingkungan sekitar dalam pembelajaran membaca permulaan pelajaran bahasa Indonesia mampu meningkatkan pemahaman siswa kelas I-A. hal ini dapat dilihat  rata-rata nilai pada siklus I,  yaitu 76 dan sebanyak 60% siswa tuntas dalam pembelajaran. Dan siklus II, rata-rata nilai mencapai 88,33 dan 100% siswa tuntas dalam pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil perbaikan, tindakan dan hasil pengamatan selama siklus I dan Siklus II, dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa juga terlihat aktif,antusias selama proses pembelajaran dan lebih mandiri dalam menemukan,menuliskan, dan membaca setiap kata benda yang mereka amati sehingga pembelajaran yang berlangsung menjadi maksimal,dan pengetahuan yang diperoleh siswa juga lebih bermakna. Hal ini mempengaruhi hasil peningkatan kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa di kelas 1 (satu) yaitu sebanyak 100% siswa berhasil memperoleh nilai di atas KKM.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATERI TEKANAN ZAT CAIR DENGAN MODEL THINK PAIR SHARE SISWA KELAS VIII SMP SWASTA PUTRI CAHAYA TP 2022/2023
Authors: Manurung Natalina
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada materi tekanan zat cair di kelas VIII SMP Swasta Putri Cahaya TP 2022/2023 dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilaksanakan di SMP Swasta Putri Cahaya. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII-3 yang berjumlah 26 orang. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II antara perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes untuk melihat hasil belajar siswa selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil  belajar peserta didik, yaitu pada siklus I sebesar 67,30%, kemudian pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 88,46%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa materi tekanan zat cair di kelas VIII-3 SMP Swasta Putri Cahaya TP 2022/2023.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PENJUMLAHAN DAN PENGURANGAN PECAHAN DENGAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING SISWA KELAS VI
Authors: Nainggolan Mariana Valentina
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan di kelas VI SD St. Ignatius Medan tahun ajaran 2023/2024 dengan menggunakan model problem based learning. Penelitian ini berbentuk penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dengan 2 siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari 1 kali pertemuan. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VI SD St. Ignatius Medan tahun ajaran 2023/2024 yang berjumlah 28 siswa, terdiri dari 16 siswa perempuan dan 12 siswa laki-laki. Sedangkan objek penelitian adalah peningkatan hasil belajar pada materi penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan observasi, tes, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa hasil pembelajaran matematika di kelas VI SD St. Ignatius Medan tahun ajaran 2023/2024 meningkat. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada hasil belajar yang diperoleh siswa yaitu pada prasiklus dengan nilai rata-rata  58,04 dan ketuntasan klasikal 39,29%, pada siklus I meningkat dengan nilai rata-rata 66,07 dan ketuntasan klasikal 53,57%. Selanjutnya pada siklus II diperoleh nilai rata-rata 85 dan ketuntasan klasikal 82,14%. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapkan model problem based learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VI SD St. Ignatius Medan tahun ajaran 2023/2024 pada materi penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan.
Ungoverned Spaces and the Challenges of Counterterrorism in West Africa Sub-Region
Authors: Chilaka Francis Chigozie , Doutimi Yonmo , Chigozie Joy Nwakaego
Published: August 2024

In recent times, terrorist groups; Islamic fundamentalists; separatist agitators; armed bandits and other criminal elements have begun harnessing the availability of ungoverned spaces in West African States. From such locations, they launch their horrific acts of terror aimed at destabilizing the corporate existence of these states and the overall peace and security of the sub-region. Porosity of border security, poverty and ungoverned spaces are linked as stimulants to terrorism in the West African sub-region. It is against this backdrop that this paper examined the issues and challenges of terrorism and counterterrorism in West Africa. The paper is anchored on the fragile state theory, which argues that terrorism oozing from ungoverned spaces and porosity of borders have adverse effects on the security of the region. The study relied essentially on secondary sources of documentary evidence through thorough literature review. Findings revealed that the region became volatile and easily susceptible to terrorist activities because the ungoverned spaces provided them unhindered operational bases. Therefore, the paper concluded and recommended that West African States should build a synergic security architecture in the form of independent inter-region police force recruited from member countries, and deployed to transnational borders to carry out routine border patrol in collaboration with national customs and immigration personnel. Sequel to aforementioned recommendation, governments of West African States, in collaboration with their National Security Advisers, are to provide intelligence information and report to the region’s inter-region police to enhance their security duties and ensure peace and orderliness in the sub-region.
Democracy and Development in Africa: Demystifying Democracy as the Best Form of Government
Authors: Nwokedi Michael Eberechukwu , Obasi Christopher Uchenna
Published: August 2024

The resurgence of coups d’etat in Africa has resuscitated discussions about the suitability of democracy as an agent of development on the Continent. The dominant impression in extant literature suggests that the inefficiencies of democratic regimes provide the attractive invitation to military rule. Despite the encomiums showered on democracy as the global best form government, many years of its practice in Africa have resulted in massive underdevelopment. It has not delivered on its promise of free and fair elections, freedom of the press, association and others. Under the watch of democracy, many African countries have transited from one-party to dominant-party states while rigging and related electoral vices continue to fester. Police brutality and human rights abuses are rampant while insecurity and inequality have reproduced themselves in many forms. This paper contends that democracy is culpable in the business of stifling development in Africa hence, the complexity and continuity of Africa’s crisis of underdevelopment questions the validity of Western imposition of Democracy as the best form of government. It adopts an amalgam of the Liberal Democratic and Centre-Periphery Models to situate the failure of democracy in Africa within the context of metropolitan interference in African politics, with attendant African petit bourgeois attachment to foreign finance capital. Consequently, it denounces democracy as the best form of government and insists that Africa’s best form of government is that which arises out of her sociological experience and censorship to address critical aspects of her political economy.
Assessing the Impact of Boko Haram's Terrorist Activities in the North East Region of Nigeria
Authors: Etor Charity , Asekhauno Anthony Afe
Published: August 2024

This paper examined the impact Boko Haram in Northeast with special reference to the Lake Chad Basin (LCB). It will focus on the growing climate of insecurity in the region owing to the emergence of terrorism across the country particularly in the Northeast geopolitical zone. The analytical foundations was built upon the meaning of security, insecurity, tensions in the Northeast making reference to (LCB), the impacts on socio-political and economic relations among the occupants of the region such as high rate of death, unemployment, poverty as well as malnutrition in the North East Nigeria. It will proceed to the causes and the sustaining factors driving the insecurity in the region, the difficulties and failure facing Nigerian government to eliminate the Boko-Haram. The work uses secondary sources of data collection such as journal articles, newspaper, magazine, internet materials, books and others. This paper applied social identity and structural functionalism theories to better explain and analyze factors that aided the terrorist group. The paper discovered that the reason for the continuous attack of the Northeast region by the Bokoharam sect includes religious indoctrination, existence of porous border etc. the paper recommend that government should provide adequate border security and that there should be a campaign for the de orientation of religious radicalism in the region.
United States Geostrategic and Economic Interests in the Middle East and Arab-Israeli
Authors: Oyekanmi Abdullahi Abiodun , Olayinka Iseoluwa Raphael , Omojowo Sunday Toyin , Salako Samuel Anuoluwapo
Published: August 2024

The Arab-Israeli conflict is a paradigm shift from other global conflicts, partly due to its protracted nature and the inherent influence of third-party states like the United States and the erstwhile Soviet Union in the Middle East crisis. The paper is projected to review the unabated Arab-Israeli conflicts and the United States expressed geo-political and economic interests in the Middle East. Thus, the paper adopted the desk research method and third-party intervention theory as explanatory frameworks. It was discovered that the protracted Arab-Israeli crisis festered on because of the desire of the United States to use Israeli forces to curtail Arab civilization from challenging Western culture and ensure access to the oil in the Middle East. This was made possible due to inability of the United Nations to enforce its resolutions. These became harbingers of troubles in the Middle East, hence Arab-Israeli conflict became a continuum. In effect, the unity of the Arab world, a review of United States arms and financial supports to Israel and a more functional United Nations to de-radicalize relationships in the Middle East are recommended as possible solutions.
A systematic review of the neuropsychological functions of attention and memory of elderly people in computerized cognitive training
Authors: Oliveira Junior Emerson Rogério de , Pasqualotti Adriano , Gil Henrique Teixeira , Kieling Mônica Luiza
Published: August 2024

Este artigo aborda uma revisão sistemática sobre as funções neuropsicológicas da atenção e da memória em pessoas idosas submetidas a treinamento cognitivo computadorizado. A pesquisa foi realizada em bases de dados eletrônicas, incluindo Lilacs, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, Sbie, Eric, IEEE Xplore, Ovid, Science Direct, SpringerLink, SAGE Journals e Wiley Online Library, considerando artigos publicados nos últimos 12 anos, em português, inglês e espanhol. Os critérios de elegibilidade incluíram a definição explícita da área de concentração, a utilização de treinamento cognitivo informatizado, a existência de resultados e um público composto por pessoas idosas. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada em três etapas: identificação, triagem e elegibilidade, contando com a participação de dois pesquisadores de forma simultânea e independente. A pesquisa bibliográfica resultou em um total de 328 estudos e, após exclusão dos estudos duplicados e revisão de títulos, resumos e textos completos, foram incluídos 20 estudos para a síntese qualitativa. A caracterização dos estudos incluídos na revisão sistemática foi apresentada em um quadro que detalha informações sobre os principais autores, ano de publicação, país de origem da pesquisa, critérios de elegibilidade, fontes de dados, instrumentos de avaliação, tipo de estudo, método, objetivos resultados esperados, resultados clínicos, métodos de análise, limitações, lacunas e implicações clínicas. Como resultado, verificou-se a importância da estimulação cognitiva como estilo de vida saudável para o cérebro, e identificou-se que a utilização do treinamento cognitivo informatizado apresenta ganhos nas funções neuropsicológicas de atenção e memória em pessoas idosas.
Design and engineering application of 35kV floating photovoltaic power station
Authors: Mao Rong , Du Tao , Wei Shutao , Bai Zhiqian , Zhao Zhijie
Published: August 2024

Based on the concept of fishery-solar complementary systems, floating photovoltaic (PV) power stations have garnered significant attention in the power industry due to their minimal land use, high power generation efficiency, and improved water quality. However, irregular water level changes and surface disturbances caused by wind or human activities increase the difficulty of maintaining long-term stable operation. This paper, relying on a specific project, thoroughly analyzes and designs the technical scheme for a 35kV floating PV power station. It delves into the design of the floating island platform, anchoring system, shock absorption between the island and equipment, and the overall layout of the power station. These findings provide valuable references for the design, manufacturing, construction, and operation of other floating PV power stations.
A multi-predictor based lossless ARGB texture compression algorithm and FPGA implementation
Authors: Mo Handong
Published: August 2024

. In the fields of GPU and AI chip design, the frequent read and write operations on the color buffer data (ARGB), which are intensive in graphical and image access, significantly impact performance. There is a need for applications that require random access and only read small images once. To address this situation, this paper proposes an algorithm with lower modeling complexity, yet achieving near-complex implementation results, along with its FPGA implementation method. Through actual testing on multiple images, the average lossless compression rate reached 40.3%. With hardware acceleration, the execution efficiency of the algorithm was further improved, ensuring both compression rate and speed, thus confirming the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Design of a real-time image processing system based on FPGA
Authors: Mo Handong , Zhou Xinhong , L Chenglang
Published: August 2024

To enhance the real-time performance of image processing, effectively reduce video transmission bandwidth and storage space, and improve transmission efficiency, a real-time image processing system was designed using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The system is mainly divided into image acquisition, image processing, and image display subsystems. Images are captured using a camera module and transmitted to the image processing module for processing, and finally displayed via an HDMI monitor. Measurements indicate that the system has strong real-time performance, low power consumption, and high portability, making it valuable in fields such as surveillance and security, medical imaging, and industrial automation.
Progress in the preparation of biomass energy from steam-exploded lignocellulose
Authors: Li Zhuoyu , Cheng Xiang
Published: August 2024

Steam explosion is an effective pretreatment method for the thermochemical conversion of biomass and an efficient way to produce sugars and fuels from lignocellulose. It breaks down the recalcitrant and complex structures in biomass, which are then converted into substances such as methane and fermentable sugars, and has great potential to mitigate global oil depletion and the threat of climate change. This review evaluates the effect of steam explosion temperature, dimension pressure time, and additive type factors on the pretreatment effect of the steam explosion method. The changes in the content and physical structure of the components in the treated biomass are also explored. The advantages and disadvantages of this means for the subsequent process and its application in industrial production are analyzed in depth to provide technical reference for steam explosion in the preparation of biomass from lignocellulose.
De estudiantes a profesionales: Experiencias y competencias profesionales desarrolladas por ex participantes del voluntariado Trabajos de Salud Rural (TSR) en Chile
Authors: Erices Riquelme Samuel , Corvalán Paz Tamara , Córdova Bozo Mauricio , Guajardo Escobar Judith
Published: August 2024

El presente estudio aborda la experiencia del voluntariado en Chile a través de la visión de sus exparticipantes, con la finalidad de conocer aprendizajes y valoraciones que se desprenden de ello y como se vincula lo aprendido con su formación profesional y el desarrollo laboral actual. En este sentido el estudio se enfoca en 20 exparticipantes del voluntariado Trabajos de Salud Rural TSR de Chile. El estudio de carácter exploratorio-descriptivo utiliza el enfoque cualitativo de diseño fenomenológico, enmarcado en el paradigma interpretativo. Consecuente con lo descrito, el objetivo de la investigación se relaciona con develar las contribuciones en la formación personal y profesional de las personas participantes en la experiencia de voluntariado considerando el aporte que conlleva aquello a través del desarrollo humano, considerando además el aporte en la intervención social que entrega el voluntariado.
Exploring pre-established performed roles in a networked learning activity
Authors: Castañeda Linda , Marín Victoria I.
Published: August 2024

This paper presents the first part of a wider sociomaterial research, which aims at exploring alternative ways to look at and analyse the learning activity in a university course, which would lead to an understanding of what learning activity emerges from a learning design, and therefore, to the improvement of the own learning design by promoting decisions for informed change and innovation. This study analyses a university undergraduate pre-service teachers course run by a professor and followed by 58 students divided into 8 workgroups. The course includes networked learning activities, where the connections between three basic structures (cooperative work, activity-based learning and pre-established work roles) are cornerstone, therefore: students perform different pre-established roles in a workgroup and develop week tasks related to the topics of the course (ICT for primary schools). The main goal of this paper is to visualise and analyse students' learning activities based on pre-determined roles through VNA and the students' perceptions on the roles, which is one of the three basic structures mentioned before, as well as its comparison with the declared learning design. As methodology for this sociomaterial research, we followed a mixed analysis approach that combines data from the learning design of the course, the documented performance of the different roles during the course (blog posts) presented in the form of networked maps through the technique of visual network analysis, and the students’ questionnaire on the perceptions of those roles. As examples of the performed roles, the cases of the Analyst and the Journalist were studied from that threefold data approach, but we reflect on the general aspects of all of them. The results of these analyses show that the students’ documented performance of the roles highly corresponds to the learning design, and suggest that there are some operational chains between roles -that would be confirmed by further studies-. The bias of starting from a given previous structure (the learning design and the students' documented performance) should be considered as a limitation for a sociomaterial research like this one, but a first step of a broader analysis; therefore, future studies will explore other perspectives. As conclusions, we stress that the visual network analysis may be a fruitful approach to learning design and learning activity in a more complementary way to other types of traditional analysis.
Developing a hybrid and networked educational approach to lifelong learning for organisations and employees
Authors: Jaldemark Jimmy , Öhman Peter
Published: August 2024

Developing work-related competencies suitable to the ongoing changes in surrounding society could be discussed in terms of lifelong learning. In such a context, the role of higher education has been identified as a key to develop advanced competencies applicable in a networked society. The current project includes scholars from three Swedish universities, representatives and employees from six Swedish bank and insurance companies, and a related governmental agency, all belonging to an established network. The project focuses on highly specialized professionals and their organisations, and the paper aims to answer the following research question: How can a hybrid and networked educational approach to lifelong learning for organisations and employees at the advanced level of higher education be designed? The investigation applies design-based research, and preliminary findings indicate that a hybrid and networked educational approach for lifelong learning for organisations and employees could be viewed from various perspectives. However, an overall observation is that several boundaries dissolve – for example, the ones between universities and participating and collaborative organisations – when a hybrid and networked educational approach for lifelong learning is designed. For one thing, universities should not be reduced to suppliers of education, and organisations should not be reduced to receivers of knowledge. Of particular interest is that participants working with data from their organisations can devote time to organisational challenges and/or utilize a deeper understanding of such challenges in a university course module approach. While the project still is in progress (the implementation phase is ongoing, and the phase intended to evaluate completed course modules has not started yet), the preliminary hybrid and networked approach for lifelong learning needs further development before it can be established. Nevertheless, early trials highlighting the idea of flexible courses that consist of various short modules developed in collaboration between universities and participating organisations indicate a promising venue for creating long-term relationships that could include deeper university-organisation and/or university-industry collaborations. Dialogues with course module participants and representatives of the collaborative organisation reinforced this preliminary conclusion.
Reaching for a hybrid and networked university through lifelong learning initiatives
Authors: Jaldemark Jimmy , Bång Åsa
Published: August 2024

Working life is transforming, including an emerging digitalisation of its products and processes. Due to such transformation, competencies need to be developed in organisations that suit the emerging conditions for performing work. In the growth of these competencies, higher education is a key player. Its role is twofold, including preparing students for working life and being involved in professional development through continuous education and lifelong learning initiatives. This role as a key player has the potential to assist in the development of competencies at both an individual and organisational level. Another movement in society is the dissolution of boundaries between organisations, leading to the emergence of networked and hybrid organisations. Digitalisation is a driving force in this phenomenon. Even within universities, this trend has grown and impacted the relationship between the university and the surrounding society. In a hybrid and networked university, its operations are closely linked to the surrounding society, including the interplay of the needs of both parties; a balance of power; and weak boundaries between the university and organisations in the surrounding society. Another trend in the higher education sector is the emphasis on lifelong learning policies. Such policies link lifelong learning to global competition and social inclusion for all. The project reported in this paper builds on the ideas of lifelong learning from a university that aims to be hybrid and networked. The reported initiative builds on data from an early phase of a development project that aims at developing new forms of lifelong learning and professional development. Thematically analysed Post-it Notes from workshops supported the answering of the following research question: How do higher education staff perceive development of lifelong learning? The following four main categories were generated: (1) the hybrid and networked university, (2) pedagogical models, (3) internal organisation, and (4) quality. The conclusion includes staffs’ positive attitude towards lifelong learning initiatives. They emphasise the university as an open space and as a partner for agents in the surrounding society. Moreover, they stress lifelong learning initiatives for staff; further development of educational models; scientific legitimacy and high-quality deliverance; flexible internal organisation and structures; and finally, the importance of collaboration and networking. Further data collection is needed to validate the results and the potential for developing theoretical insights that could inform lifelong learning initiatives in emerging digitally infused societies.
Personal Networks Supporting Workplace Learning
Authors: Pekkarinen Otto
Published: August 2024

This paper is a case study researching personal social networks and their meaning to individual-level learning processes in the workplace. The study was based on the knowledge-creation metaphor of learning. Employees' personal networks are seen as an important component of their learning potential and competence. Methodologically, the paper presents a relatively new technique of Social Network Analysis (SNA), namely, the qualitative egocentric network interview, and a new way of presenting research findings in visual form. The context of the study is the Finnish Defence Forces (FDF) and it was conducted in three companies of one brigade-level unit of the Finnish Army. An egocentric network interview was conducted with ten Non-Commissioned Officers (NCO). The interview data was analysed with qualitative content analysis, and the networks were visualised with the Cytoscape software. The egocentric network analysis showed that the people in the same company created a major support structure for the NCOs’ workplace learning. However, nearly all NCOs had important network structures that were formed around their individual expertise and tasks. The networks varied considerably in size and composition, but had certain connecting features. The networks had three main components; one, the personnel of the NCO’s own unit provided important social support. Two, every NCO had networks related to their own specific task, and three, some NCOs had networks formed through various stages of their life that were still active and useful in their current job. The different ways in which the networks enable and support workplace learning are discussed. In addition, some methodological issues of social network analysis are addressed.
Building a network for collaborative support in professional development
Authors: Lindqvist Marcia Håkansson , Mozelius Peter , Sundgren Marcus , Jaldemark Jimmy , Öhman Peter
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to explore and describe important steps in creating beneficial conditions for networked learning in a project in organisations. In the inception phase of the project, four important steps were identified: creating a common virtual space, the handshake, the initial support and the mentorship. It is concluded that all the four described steps are important for a successful establishment of a networked community of practice.
A design layer to support self and social regulation processes of learning in MOOC
Authors: Garcia Iolanda , Maina Marcelo Fabián , Barberá Elena
Published: August 2024

Open, social and networked approaches to learning pose challenges for learners, who must assume the role of actively directing their own learning, in interaction and collaboration with others, in an increasingly complex environment. In this context, concepts such as self-direction and self-regulation of learning have attracted renewed interest as umbrella terms for a skill set and provisions that allow subjects to independently guide their own learning process and assume responsibility for it. Moreover, many authors have pointed out various problems regarding MOOC design and quality from a pedagogical perspective. This raises the need for a greater and more holistic understanding of learning regulatory processes and for developing models and instruments to support learners in this regard. This research aims to analyse how to support learning regulation processes as a whole in MOOC environments. This means paying attention to both social and individual dimensions of regulation, by studying how processes of self-regulation, co-regulation and socially shared regulation can be supported and promoted in this type of learning contexts. To this end, we apply the methodology of design-based research in order to intervene directly in the pedagogical practice through an iterative cycle based on stages of design, intervention, reflection and redesign of a design layer to support learning regulation in a MOOC. In this paper we present the design of the regulation support layer proposed in the first research iteration. We begin by presenting its theoretical foundations and then describe the support layer that has been designed as well as the empirical case of an xMOOC were it has been implemented. Finally, some conclusions and recommendations for the design and practice of learning regulation in MOOC are drawn from the results obtained in the first research iteration.
The blockchain university: disrupting 'disruption'?
Authors: Jandri´ć Petar , Hayes Sarah
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the promise of disruption of higher education offered by latest platform technologies - a combination of mobile applications for connecting teachers and students and blockchain technology for secure transactions of information and money. We start with a brief examination of several generations of technological disruptions arriving from the Silicon Valley with a special focus to educational technology. Showing that these disruptions are primarily focused to furthering capitalist mode of production, we question whether the latest disruption could provide different results. We briefly examine a historical (utopian) attempt at disrupting education described in Ivan Illich's book Deschooling Society (1971). While this analysis firmly belongs into the past, it presents us with important insights about connections between education, technology, capitalism and the environment which are just as relevant today. We proceed with an analysis of the world's first blockchain university - the Woolf University. Advertised as 'Uber for students, Airbnb for teachers', the Woolf University offers the seductive promise of radical transformation of higher education based on cooperative principles. We examine blockchain technology in detail and identify its main novelty - the transfer of trust from people to technologies. We briefly question this transfer, leaving a more detailed analysis for further research. Instead we focus to ideological underpinnings of the blockchain university, as they reflect to teaching, learning, and university administration. We show that further analyses of the blockchain university will be best supported by adopting a networked learning perspective and especially its wide body of knowledge about various (learning) connections. The Woolf University has not even admitted its first cohort of students, and the question remains as to whether Woolf will now adopt the blockchain in such a manner as to radically disrupt 'disruption', or it will simply blend into the existing powerful political, educational and economic structures. Our analysis, which is therefore based on early ideas about the development of the Woolf University, indicates that it has the potentials to offer cooperative learning to students, cooperative employment to academic workers, all the while retaining highest quality of teaching and learning modelled after ancient scholastic principles. On that basis, we conclude that the Woolf University, together with other adaptations of blockchain technology for educational purposes, does offer a lot of potential for fundamental disruption of higher education and should be closely watched in the times to come.
Teacher Reflection on their Agency for Change (TRAC) - A tool for school-based social network learning
Authors: Pantić Nataša
Published: August 2024

This short paper introduces an on-line log for Teachers’ Reflection on their Agency for Change (TRAC) designed to collect data and provide automatic visual feedback on teachers’ social networks. The TRAC tool was developed within a research project 'Making SENse of Teacher Agency for Change with Social and Epistemic Network Analysis'. The project aimed to understand how teachers exercise a form of relational agency defined as a capacity to work purposefully with others within and beyond schools, to support all learners, especially those at risk of exclusion, underachievement or other forms of marginalisation. Teachers’ reaching out to others and mobilising their social networks is an essential part of such agency. The study used Social and Epistemic Network Analysis to examine simultaneously the structural properties of teachers' social networks and the nature of content that flows through them. It also provided network visualisations and feedback to facilitate teachers’ professional reflection on how they use their relational agency to build inclusive school communities. The aim was to support teachers’ professional development by raising awareness about their individual and school network properties and nature of interactions within these networks. Part of the project was the development of the TRAC software that enabled teachers who engaged with a web-based reflective log to receive automatic feedback on their individual networks, as well as on thematic school networks, which were presented by the researchers in school development sessions. Network awareness – one’s knowledge of the resources embedded in their social ties – empowers teachers to improve the social environments of their schools. Provided alongside with the summary of research-based features of social network properties (degrees, diversity and intensity of ties), network feedback was used to facilitate professional and school development towards building inclusive communities. During the project, the TRAC tool was tested in partnerships with teachers and other staff in two schools in Stockholm. The project also had a knowledge exchange component to support relational and collaborative learning resulting from engagement with the network feedback. Network feedback based on the data from these sites was used to make adjustments to the prototype feedback tool. This short paper discusses the implications for future uses with a view towards rolling out research-informed professional reflection to larger numbers of schools and teachers anywhere, through dissemination in network learning community.
Citizen science as interdisciplinary working
Authors: Scanlon Eileen , Papathoma Tina
Published: August 2024

Citizen science is a growing trend in involving the public in different types of collaboration with scientists. The growth of this activity has consequences for data collection, data analysis and the way in which science is carried out. It also has a potential impact on what, and how, citizen scientists learn about science when engaged in such activities. The purpose of this research is to explore the practices adopted by participants in citizen science projects, and in particular the influence on learning for the participants in these projects which rely on technology to support collaboration. The growth of citizen science projects is occurring at the same time as a growth of interest in informal learning and both are supported by technology enhanced learning. To make best use of the rapidly growing area of citizen science in the development of learning, it needs to be studied as a newly developing interdisciplinary area, with the consequence of unravelling the mechanisms by which interdisciplinary collaboration takes place in these settings, and the identification of conditions which encourage or thwart learning.
Openness: Student perceptions
Authors: Harrison Michelle
Published: August 2024

This short paper describes a research project which aims at investigating how students conceive and use open educational practices (OEP). A recent definition by Cronin (2017) emphasizes collaboration, participation and learner empowerment to encompass “collaborative practices that include the creation, use, and reuse of OER, as well as pedagogical practices employing participatory technologies and social networks for interaction, peer-learning, knowledge creation, and empowerment of learners” (2017, p. 4). Researchers and educators alike have considered the role of OEP in more effectively engaging learners in the co-creation of knowledge, critically considering how digital practices and open platforms can be used in practice.
Early research on OEP focused on adoption and development of OER (Cronin & MacLaren, 2018), but has recently shifted student perceptions of impact (Jhangiani, Dastur, Le Grand, & Penner, 2018, Lin, 2019) and improved student learning and empowerment (Hodgkinson-Williams & Trotter, 2018). However, there are gaps in our understanding of learner experiences in other dimensions of openness, such as negotiating identity, privacy, visibility, literacy and the co-construction of knowledge. As educators we need to consider how the structures of these spaces will influence the open teaching practices we are using, both in how they may make our spaces permeable, and in how they might make them more impenetrable. If we want our learners to be able to explore what we as educators see as the benefits of open practices, such as co-creation and sharing of knowledge, then we need to explore both their perceptions and direct learning experiences.
The focus of this project will be on students' perceptions of openness in education, exploring their identities as open educational practitioners and how they negotiate their open educational spaces. Participants will be situated in an online graduate program (including multiple courses) designed around open educational practices, including open platforms and open educational resources, and endeavouring to include learners in critical digital pedagogical practices. To explore learner practices, the following research questions will be explored using a virtual ethnographic case (Hine, 2008):

What are learners’ understanding of open educational practice? How do they see themselves navigating open platforms, open digital pedagogies and practices and critical digital perspectives?
What practices, values and/or strategies are shared by learners who are working within an open educational practice framework?