bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE AFFECT OF PROJECT-BASED ACTIVITIES ON EFL LEARNERS’ SPEAKING SKILLS
Authors: EKİZER Feyza Nur
Published: May 2021

Mainly, the criteria among people for someone whether s/he knows a language or not is his adequacy to speak that language. A huge percentage of students attend second-language courses because they want to learn how to speak the language. However, unfortunately, a majority of them cannot or will not be able to do it at the end. The matter for those students is that they may be prosperous in linguistic activities carried out in the classroom, but once outside, they cannot use what they have learnt. Therefore, what can be done to achieve real life communication in a language class room? The purpose of our study was to find out how far Project-based activities affected the speaking skills of the Preparatory Class intermediate level students in the Department Of English Language Teaching at Necmettin Erbakan University. Semi-Structured Interview and Focus Group Discussion was carried out for the 14 participants who attended the classes for one academic term. As the study was Qualitative, Content Analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that Project-based activities contributed a lot to the participants’ level of spoken fluency and hindered their anxiety to some extent.
The Physical and Functional Properties of Partially Defatted Coconut Testa Flour
Authors: Marikkar Nazrim , Marasinghe Sanjila , Yalegama Chandi , Hewapathirana Dilani
Published: May 2021

Coconut testa is an important byproduct of the coconut industry. In this study, particle size distribution, physical and functional properties of flour produced from partially coconut testa of four local cultivars namely san raman, gon thembili, ran thembili, TallxTall were compared with those of commercial hybrid (COM) using relevant procedures. Results showed that particle size distribution, physical and functional properties of flours of different coconut cultivars were varied significantly (p<0.05). The highest bulk density value was observed for SR (0.67 g/ml) while the lowest for TxT (0.54 g/ml) (p<0.05). Maximum swelling capacity (35.00 ml) and oil absorption capacity (142.67%) were recorded for COM while the least swelling capacity (20.67 ml) and oil absorption capacity (85.67%) were recorded for RT (p<0.05). The highest emulsion activity was found for COM (50.00%) while the least value recorded for SR (42.95) (p<0.05). The maximum emulsion stability was displayed by COM (54.86%) while the least emulsion stability was recorded for GT (27.51%) (p<0.05). The observed physical properties suggested that coconut testa flour of COM variety has certain advantages over others. It could be used for partial replacement with wheat flour for value addition leading to non-cereal based products.
DETERMINAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE (CSRD) PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN PERIODE 2014-2018
Authors: Suryaningsih Maria , Ningsih Mulia
Published: May 2021

This research has a problem where the company implements corporate social responsibility with the existence of a law, not from awareness. Companies are also not yet aware of the benefits of implementing corporate social responsibility and there are still different previous researchers.This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, leverage, and ownership structure on corporate social responsibility. This study uses data from 15 mining companies listed on the Stock Exchange Index (IDX) during the period 2014 to 2018 using SPSS 24 software. The results showed that profitability had no effect on corporate social responsibility . Leverage has no effect on corporate social responsibility . Ownership Structure has a significant positive effect on corporate social responsibility . That is, high institutional ownership can increase the existence of corporate social responsibility actions and Simultaneously Profitability, Leverage and ownership structures simultaneously have a significant positive effect on corporate social responsibility .
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI FINTECH DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP LITERASI KEUANGAN
Authors: Marpaung Oktavia , Purba Darwin Marasi , Maesaroh Siti
Published: May 2021

Berkaitan dengan Teknologi keuangan atau Financial Technology (fintech) dalam perkembangannya yang semakin luas akan berdampak terhadap perilaku penggunaan fintech. Perilaku penggunaan fintech mencoba menjelaskan dan mengetahui tentang jumlah masyarakat yang menggunakan atau tidak menggunakan teknologi fintech serta pemahaman masyarakat tentang pola pengembangan dan sejauh mana cara penggunaan fintech dikenal baik dari fitur serta manfaat dan kenyamannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi  perilaku penggunaan aplikasi Financial Technology (fintech) dan dampaknya terhadap literasi keuangan khususnya di Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota Jakarta.Metode penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik dari penentuan sampel dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian adalah bahwa beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi penggunaan fintech dari sisi pengguna adalah usia, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, pendapatan, tingkat pendidikan pengguna fintech sedangkan dari sisi aplikasi fintech adalah perkembangan teknologi dari aplikasi fintech, minat konsumen dari fitur dan produk yang ditawarkan oleh aplikasi fintech serta kenyamanan pengguna dalam menggunakan aplikasi fintech tersebut. Dan dalam inklusi keuangan dampaknya dapat meningkatkan literasi keuangan khususnya masyarakat yang ada di DKI Jakarta yang digunakan sebagai responden. Penggunaan aplikasi fintech banyak digunakan oleh generasi milenial yang memberikan kemudahan-kemudahan dan kenyamanan dalam mengakses berbagai jenis layanan keuangan yang ada. Penggunaan layanan Financial Technology oleh para pengguna smartphone atau ponsel pintar dapat menjadi jawaban atas upaya pemerintah membangun kebiasaan less-cash society serta upaya dalam meningkatkan literasi keuangan masyarakat Indonesia. Sebab jumlah pengguna handphone terlebih ponsel pintar di Indonesia sudah sangat banyak. “Penetrasi smartphone atau ponsel pintar di Indonesia sudah melebihi penetrasi akun bank di Indonesia.
ORO ŠALTINIO ŠILUMOS SIURBLIO VEIKIMO PARAMETRŲ TYRIMAS SUSIDARANT ŠERKŠNUI ANT JO GARINTUVO
Authors: Daugirdaitė Gabrielė , Streckienė Giedrė , Kropas Tomas
Published: May 2021

Siekiant mažinti klimato kaitą spartinančių teršalų išsiskyrimus, vis dažniau šilumos gamybai pasirenkamos šilumos siurblių technologijos. Šio straipsnio tikslas – išnagrinėti kaip keičiasi orinio šilumos siurblio veikimo parametrai šaltuoju metų sezonu, kintant aplinkos oro temperatūrai ir santykiniam oro drėgniui. Atliktas natūrinis eksperimentas, kurio metu buvo išmatuoti į šilumos siurblio išorinį bloką įtekančio ir ištekančio oro parametrai – temperatūra, santykinis oro drėgnis bei oro srautas, kuris apskaičiuojamas vertinant sumontuotos diafragmos slėgio skirtumą. Taip pat vizualiai stebimi šilumokaičio paviršiuje vykstantys procesai. Išmatuotos įtekančio ir ištekančio vandens temperatūros antriniame kontūre (vidiniame bloke), debitas ir šilumos siurblio naudojamas elektros srovės stipris. Remiantis natūrinio eksperimento duomenimis atlikti skaičiavimai, leidžiantys įvertinti šilumos siurblio šildymo režimo efektyvumą, keičiantis aplinkos sąlygoms ir nustatytos vyraujančios tendencijos.
EKSPLOATUOJAMŲ GYVENAMOSIOS VIENO AR DVIEJŲ BUTŲ PASKIRTIES PASTATŲ SANDARUMO MATAVIMŲ ANALIZĖ
Authors: Klabis Rokas , Motuzienė Violeta , Januševičius Karolis
Published: May 2021

Namų ūkyje suvartojama energija sudaro ženklią dalį bendrame Lietuvos energijos balanse, todėl valstybės iniciatyva siekiama didesnį dėmesį skirti pastatų eksploatavimo metu reikalingos energijos vartojimo mažinimui. Pagrindinis dėmesys skiriamas šilumos nuostolių mažinimui per atitvaras ar efektyvesniems šilumos šaltiniams, tačiau, kaip rodo darbe atlikta statistinių duomenų analizė, vis dar lieka neišnaudotas energijos taupymo potencialas susijęs su esamų pastatų sandarumo didinimu. Oro kaita patalpose yra neišvengiama siekiant užtikrinti mikroklimato sąlygas, o dėl mechaninių vėdinimo sistemų naudojimo galimas energijos atgavimas, tačiau reikia atsižvelgti ir į nekontroliuojamai į patalpas infiltruojamą orą per pastato apvalkalo nesandarumus, kurio intensyvumas priklauso nuo klimatinių sąlygų. Straipsnyje analizuojami dvidešimties, energetiškai efektyvių pastatų grupei priskiriamų, gyvenamosios vieno ar dviejų butų paskirties pastatų, atliktų sandarumo matavimų rezultatai. Taip pat atliekama neefektyvaus pastato energijos sąnaudų dėl infiltracijos per pastato nesandarumus palyginamoji analizė, kuri parodo, kad keičiantis pastato sandarumo rodikliui energijos sutaupymai dėl oro kaitos gali sumažėti apie 3 kartus.
ENISALA. II. Distinct Star Formation and Active Galactic Nucleus Activity in Merging and Relaxed Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Stroe Andra , Sobral David
Published: May 2021

The growth of galaxy clusters is energetic and may trigger and/or quench star formation and black hole activity. The ENISALA
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The project is named as a tribute to the storied Enisala citadel (Dobrogea, Romania). Enisala (“new settlement,” in Turkish and Romanian) sits on top of a windswept hill, at the crossroads of the Danube Delta and the Pontus Euxinus sea (“hospitable sea,” Black Sea), forever shaped by forces of nature. It stands as a metaphor for the ever-evolving galaxy cluster environment and its profound influence on galaxy and black hole evolution. ENISALA can also be understood to stand for “ENvironmental Influence on Star formation and AGN through Line Astrophysics.

project is a collection of multiwavelength observations aimed at understanding how large-scale structure drives galaxy and black hole evolution. Here, we introduce optical spectroscopy of over 800 Hα emission-line galaxies, selected in 14 z ∼ 0.15–0.31 galaxy clusters, spanning a range of masses and dynamical states. We investigate the nature of the emission lines in relation to the host galaxy properties, its location within the cluster, and the properties of the parent cluster. We uncover remarkable differences between mergers and relaxed clusters. The majority of Hα emission-line galaxies in merging cluster fields are located within 3 Mpc of their center. A large fraction of these line emitters in merging clusters are powered by star formation irrespective of cluster-centric radius, while the rest are powered by active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Star-forming galaxies are rare within 3 Mpc of relaxed clusters and AGNs are most abundant at their outskirts (∼1.5–3 Mpc). We discover a population of star-forming galaxies with large equivalent widths and blue UV–optical colors found exclusively in the merging clusters in our sample. The widespread emission-line activity in merging clusters is likely supported by triggered activity in recently accreted, gas-rich galaxies. By contrast, our observations for relaxed clusters match established models in which black hole activity is enhanced at the virial radius and star formation is quenched within the infall region. We conclude that emission-line galaxies experience distinct evolutionary paths in merging and relaxed clusters.
R-process-rich Stellar Streams in the Milky Way*
Authors: Gull Maude , Frebel Anna , Hinojosa Karina , Roederer Ian U. , Ji Alexander P. , Brauer Kaley
Published: May 2021

We present high-resolution Magellan/MIKE spectra of 22 bright (9 < V < 13.5) metal-poor stars (−3.18 < [Fe/H] < −1.37) in three different stellar streams, the Helmi debris stream, the Helmi trail stream, and the ω Centauri progenitor stream. We augment our Helmi debris sample with results for 10 stars by Roederer et al. for a total of 32 stars. Detailed chemical abundances of light elements as well as heavy neutron-capture elements have been determined for our 22 stars. All three streams contain carbon-enhanced stars. For 13 stars, neutron-capture element lines were detectable, and they all show signatures in agreement with the scaled solar r-process pattern, albeit with a large spread of −0.5 < [Eu/Fe] < +1.3. Eight of these stars show an additional small s-process contribution superposed onto their r-process pattern. This could be discerned because of the relatively high signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra given that the stars are close by in the halo. Our results suggest that the progenitors of these streams experienced one or more r-process events early on, such as a neutron star merger or another prolific r-process source. This widely enriched these host systems before their accretion by the Milky Way. The small s-process contribution suggests the presence of asymptotic giant branch stars and associated local (inhomogeneous) enrichment as part of the ongoing chemical evolution by low-mass stars. Stars in stellar streams may thus be a promising avenue for studying the detailed history of large dwarf galaxies and their role in halo assembly with easily accessible targets for high-quality spectra of many stars.
Multimessenger Signals from Black Hole–Neutron Star Mergers without Significant Tidal Disruption
Authors: East William E. , Lehner Luis , Liebling Steven L. , Palenzuela Carlos
Published: May 2021

We study the multimessenger signals from the merger of a black hole with a magnetized neutron star using resistive magnetohydrodynamics simulations coupled to full general relativity. We focus on a case with a 5:1 mass ratio, where only a small amount of the neutron star matter remains post-merger, but we nevertheless find that significant electromagnetic radiation can be powered by the interaction of the neutron star’s magnetosphere with the black hole. In the lead-up to merger, strong twisting of magnetic field lines from the inspiral leads to plasmoid emission and results in a luminosity in excess of that expected from unipolar induction. We find that the strongest emission occurs shortly after merger during a transitory period in which magnetic loops form and escape the central region. The remaining magnetic field collimates around the spin axis of the remnant black hole before dissipating, an indication that, in more favorable scenarios (higher black hole spin/lower mass ratio) with larger accretion disks, a jet would form.
Sympathetic Standard and Blowout Coronal Jets Observed in a Polar Coronal Hole
Authors: Tang Zehao , Shen Yuandeng , Zhou Xinping , Duan Yadan , Zhou Chengrui , Tan Song , Elmhamdi Abouazza
Published: May 2021

We present the sympathetic eruption of a standard and a blowout coronal jet originating from two adjacent coronal bright points (CBP1 and CBP2) in a polar coronal hole, using soft X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet observations respectively taken by the Hinode and the Solar Dynamics Observatory. In the event, a collimated jet with obvious westward lateral motion first launched from CBP1, during which a small bright point appeared around CBP1's east end, and magnetic flux cancellation was observed within the eruption source region. Based on these characteristics, we interpret the observed jet as a standard jet associated with photospheric magnetic flux cancellation. About 15 minutes later, the westward-moving jet spire interacted with CBP2 and resulted in magnetic reconnection between them, which caused the formation of the second jet above CBP2 and the appearance of a bright loop system in between the two CBPs. In addition, we observed the writhing, kinking, and violent eruption of a small kink structure close to CBP2's west end but inside the jet base, which made the second jet brighter and broader than the first one. These features suggest that the second jet should be a blowout jet triggered by the magnetic reconnection between CBP2 and the spire of the first jet. We conclude that the two successive jets were physically connected to each other rather than a temporal coincidence, and this observation also suggests that coronal jets can be triggered by external eruptions or disturbances, as well as internal magnetic activities or magnetohydrodynamic instabilities.
Nurses’ awareness on hospital acquired infection risks of the geriatric patients: A descriptive and cross-sectional study
Authors: Abumettleq Ibrahim S S , Bayraktar Nurhan
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The increasing number of persons > 65 years of age form a special population at risk for nosocomial and other health care-associated infections. Nosocomial infections are major problems in terms of morbidity and mortality as well as prolonged hospitalization and increased costs. The aim of the present study was determination of nurses’ awareness of hospital-acquired infection risks of the geriatric patients.

Methodology: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted at a university hospital in North Cyprus. A total of 164 voluntary nurses composed the sample of the study. A questionnaire that was developed by the researchers based on the literature was used as data collection tool. After the ethical approval, data were collected using a questionnaire in September and October 2017 with self-completion method. The methods used to analyze the data include an analysis of descriptive statistic variables such as frequency and percentages for the categorical variables and the Pearson’s Chi-square test for comparisons.

Results: Results of the study showed inadequate awareness among nurses on hospital-acquired infection risks of the geriatric patients. It was also determined that there were the statistically significant differences in term of education levels and experiences of nurses with different items on hospital-acquired infection risks of the geriatric patients.

Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, implementations of comprehensive, systematic, and continuous educational programs to enhance awareness of the nurses on health care-associated infections was recommended.
High post-exposure prophylaxis uptake but low completion rates and HIV testing follow-up in health workers, Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Mushambi Fadzai , Timire Collins , Harries Anthony D , Tweya Hannock , Goverwa-Sibanda Tafadzwa Priscilla , Mungofa Stanley , Apollo Tsitsi
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Health care workers (HCWs), especially from sub-Saharan Africa, are at risk of occupational exposure to HIV. Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) can reduce this risk. There is no published information from Zimbabwe, a high HIV burden country, about how PEP works. We therefore assessed how the PEP programme performed at the Parirenyatwa Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe, from 2017-2018.

Methodology: This was a cohort study using secondary data from the staff clinic paper-based register. The chi square test and relative risks were used to assess associations.

Results: There were 154 HCWs who experienced occupational injuries. The commonest group was medical doctors (36%) and needle sticks were the most frequent type of occupational injury (74%). The exposure source was identified in 114 (74%) occupational injuries: 91% of source patients were HIV-tested and 77% were HIV-positive. All but two HCWs were HIV-tested, 148 were eligible for PEP and 142 (96%) started triple therapy, all within 48 hours of exposure. Of those starting PEP, 15 (11%) completed 28 days, 13 (9%) completed < 28 days and in the remainder PEP duration was not recorded. There were no HCW characteristics associated with not completing PEP. Of those starting PEP, 9 (6%) were HIV-tested at 6-weeks, 3 (2%) were HIV-tested at 3-months and 1 (< 1%) was HIV-tested at 6-months: all HIV-tests were negative.

Conclusions: While uptake of PEP was timely and high, the majority of HCWs failed to complete the 28-day treatment course and even fewer attended for follow-up HIV-tests. Various changes are recommended to promote awareness of PEP and improve adherence to guidelines.
Detection of Salmonella genes in stool samples of children aged 5 years and younger in urban and rural areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Akhter Shameem , Jung Jong-Hyeok , Munkhbileg Bolormaa , Jeong Jae-Hyeon , Islam Jahirul , Rahman Mohammad Mushfequr , Asna Shah Mohammad Zahurul Haque , Kim Hwa Jung , Seok Seung Hyeok , Seong Seung-Yong , Seo Sang-Uk
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Typhoid incidence in children is higher in urban areas than in rural areas of Bangladesh. This study examined whether healthy urban children harboured higher levels of Salmonella genes than healthy rural children.

Methodology: Stool samples from 140 children were studied: 70 from rural areas and 70 from urban metropolitan areas.

Results: The stool samples of urban children contained more Salmonella genes (median 4, IQR 3-4) than those of rural children (median 3, IQR 3-4). This suggests that urban Bangladeshi children have more Salmonella genes in their guts than rural children. Especially, in those under 12 months of age, the Salmonella gene prevalence in urban children was unique. They had more Salmonella genes (median 4, IQR 4-5) than rural children in the same age group (median 3, IQR 2.5-4). We also found more Salmonella genes in urban children who drank tap water (median 4, IQR 3-5) than in rural children whose water source was tube well water (median 3, IQR 2-4) and boiled pond water (median 3, IQR 3-3.5). However, there was no significant difference of Salmonella genes between urban children who drank tap-water and children whose water source was a tube well (median 4, IQR 3-4).

Conclusions: These data suggest that the urban environment, including the drinking water supply system, increases the likelihood of healthy children in urban areas harbouring more potentially pathogenic Salmonella organisms in their gut than found in rural healthy children.
The forgotten sub-regional COVID-19 response layer. The case of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Ali Maher Osama , Elamein Boshara Mohamed Abdalla , Pichierri Giuseppe , Cegolon Luca , Panu Napodano Catello Mario , Murgia Paola , Bellizzi Saverio
Published: May 2021

The response to the COVID-19 pandemic have been driven by epidemiology, health system characteristics and control measures in form of social/physical distancing. Guidance, information and best practices have been characterized by territorial thinking with concentration on national health system and social contexts. Information was to a large extent provided from global entities such as the World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and others. This bipolar response mechanism came to the detriment of regional and sub-regional levels. The development of the global pandemic was evaluated in terms of the performance of single countries without trying to reflect on possible regional or sub-regional results of similar characteristics in health system and social contexts. To have a clearer view of the issue of sub-regional similarities, we examined the WHO, Eastern Mediterranean Region. When examining the development of confirmed cases for countries in the region, we identified four different sub-groups similar in the development of the pandemic and the social distancing measure implemented. Despite the complicated situation, these groups gave space for thinking outside the box of traditional outbreaks or pandemic response. We think that this sub-regional approach could be very effective in addressing more characteristics and not geographically based analysis. Furthermore, this can be an area of additional conceptual approaches, modelling and concrete platforms for information and lessons learned exchange.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19: Experience at a major tertiary care center in Pakistan
Authors: Nasir Nosheen , Habib Kiren , Iffat Khanum  , Khan Naveera , Muhammad Zehra Abdul , Mahmood Syed Faisal
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Limited data exist on clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in low-middle income countries. We aimed to describe the clinical spectrum and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at a tertiary-care center in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methodology: We conducted an observational study of adult COVID-19 patients hospitalized between February-June 2020. Patients with a discharge diagnosis of COVID-19 and PCR positivity were included. We created logistic regression models to understand association of clinical characteristics with illness severity and in-hospital mortality.

Results: The study population comprised 445 patients [67% males, median age 53 (IQR 40-64) years]. Majority of patients (N = 268; 60%) had ≥ 1 co-morbid [37.5% hypertension, 36.4% diabetes]. In-hospital mortality was 13%. Age ≥ 60 (aOR] =1.92; 95 %CI = 1.23-3.03), shortness of breath (aOR=4.43; 95% CI=2.73-7.22), CRP ≥150mg/L (aOR:1.77; 95% CI=1.09-2.85), LDH ≥ 500 I.U/L (aOR:1.98; 95% CI=1.25-3.16), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥5 (aOR:2.80; 95%CI = 1.77-4.42) and increase in serum creatinine (aOR:1.32; 95%CI=1.07-1.61) were independently associated with disease severity. Septic shock (aOR: 13.27; 95% CI=3.78-46.65), age ≥ 60 (aOR: 3.26; 95% CI=1.07-9.89), Ferritin ≥ 1500ng/ml (aOR: 3.78; 95% CI=1.21-11.8), NLR ≥ 5 (aOR: 4.04; 95% CI=1.14-14.35) and acute kidney injury (aOR: 5.52; 95% CI=1.78-17.06) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions: We found multiple predictors to be independently associated with in-hospital mortality, except diabetes and gender. Compared to reports from other countries, the in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients was lower, despite a high burden of co-morbidities. Further research is required to explore reasons behind this dichotomy.
Enzymatic activity in the shrimp Penaeus vannamei fed at different feeding frequencies
Authors: García-Rodríguez Luis Daniel , Sainz Hernández Juan Carlos , Aguiñaga-Cruz Jazmín Asusena , Juárez Acosta Cinthya Guadalupe , Santamaría-Miranda Apolinar , Apun-Molina Juan Pablo
Published: May 2021

Correct management of the feeding regime in shrimp aquaculture has been beneficial. Still, when looking for improvement in shrimp performance, the results have been contradictory, and the limits between better growth and independent growth as a function of the feeding regime are not clear. In this study, trypsin and α-amylase activity, as well as an interpretation of the energy utilized for enzyme production, were evaluated in shrimp weighing 1 g. Four feeding groups were set to feed one, two, four, or eight times per day over a month, after which trypsin and α-amylase activities were evaluated during 29 h. Results indicated that the group fed once per day ingested 90% of the feed, whereas the other groups ingested 100%. The α-amylase was not consumed during the daytime in all groups, unlike trypsin. Total trypsin activity was not significantly different between feeding groups, but α-amylase was significantly different. Shrimp fed eight times had an elevated α-amylase activity level that was 2.6 times greater than those fed only once, and 0.8 and 0.5 times greater than those fed four and twice per day, respectively. Feeding more frequently generates a higher use of energy that may or may not be reflected in growth but could be essential for all the energy-dependent metabolic processes required by shrimp.
Toxicity and teratogenicity in zebrafish Danio rerio embryos exposed to chromium
Authors: Sánchez-Olivares Marco Antonio , Gaytán-Oyarzun Juan Carlos , Gordillo-Martinez Alberto José , Prieto-García Francisco , Cabrera-Cruz René Bernardo Elías
Published: May 2021

Chromium (Cr) is an element present in nature in mineral form. It has a dual effect, both as an essential micronutrient and a carcinogenic agent depending on its chemical form and concentration. It is present in various environmental matrices such as water, soil, and air, coming from natural and anthropogenic sources, and causes harmful effects on biota, ecosystems, and even human beings. This study's objective was to evaluate chromium toxicity and teratogenicity in zebrafish embryos of Danio rerio exposed to chromium through the D. rerio teratology assay (DarTA) test by evaluating spine malformations. To this end, the chromium toxicity curve was calculated from zebrafish embryos exposed to potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), and the probit test was used to establish the mean lethal concentration (LC50) and three subtoxic concentrations LC25, LC12.5, and LC6.25 to evaluate the teratogenicity. The results showed that potassium dichromate was statistically positive for the teratogenic effect at the three highest concentrations evaluated. Potassium dichromate exposure causes abnormal embryonic development and teratogenic effects, including severe heart defects in zebrafish embryos. Therefore, we conclude that potassium dichromate is toxic to the zebrafish developmental stages. The finding that potassium dichromate is teratogenic in zebrafish embryos suggests that this metal should be tested and evaluate potential risk in mammalian systems.
Focused small-scale fisheries as complex systems using deep learning models
Authors: Cavieses-Núñez Ricardo , Ojeda-Ruiz Miguel A. , Flores-Irigollen Alfredo , Marín-Monroy Elvia , Lbañez-Lucero Mirtha , Sánchez-Ortíz Carlos
Published: May 2021

Small-scale fishing (SSF) is a relevant economic activity worldwide, so sustainable development will be essential to assure its contributions to food security, poverty alleviation, and healthy ecosystems. However, the wide diversity of fisheries, their complexity, and the lack of information limit the ability to propose/evaluate management measures and plans and their effects on communities and other productive activities. The state of Baja California Sur, Mexico, our study case, ranks as the third place in national fisheries production, possesses SSF fleets, has a wide variety of fisheries that share fishing areas, fishing seasons, and operating units. In this work, assuming SSF as a complex system were proposed deep learning models (DLM) to forecast the catch volumes, evaluate each input variable's importance, and find interactions. Environmental variables and catch fisheries were tested in the DLM to estimate their predictive power. Different DLM structures and parameters to find the optimal model was used. The variables that presented higher predictive power are the environmental variables with R = 0.90. Moreover, when used in combination with the catches from other areas, the performance of R = 0.95 is obtained. Using only the catches, the model has an R = 0.81. This model allows the use of variables that indirectly affect the system and demonstrates a useful tool to assess a complex system's state in the face of disturbances in its variables.
Diplomatie et distinction. La fonction du journal d’un noble vers 1800
Authors: Ackermann Nadja
Published: May 2021

Quelles pouvaient être les raisons motivant un noble à se consacrer au service diplomatique d’un prince au xviii e siècle ? En abordant cette interrogation, l’article s’inscrit dans les recherches récentes sur les pratiques diplomatiques à l’époque moderne, tout en cherchant à les développer dans deux directions. D’une part, l’identification du cadre de pensée d’un envoyé poursuit, en les élargissant, les approches centrées sur les acteurs dans l’histoire sociale et relationnelle des diplomates. D’autre part, cette analyse, menée pour un acteur diplomatique vers 1800, contribue à un élargissement chronologique de ce champ de recherches, dont les études prennent le plus souvent la Révolution française comme point final ou comme point de départ. Il est possible de mettre en œuvre cette double ouverture de l’histoire sociale des diplomates grâce aux écrits du for privé du patricien neuchâtelois Jean-Pierre de Chambrier d’Oleyres (1752-1822), envoyé prussien à Turin (1780-1805) et en Suisse (1805-1816). Au plan méthodologique, l’article suit une approche praxéologique, telle qu’elle a été introduite dans la recherche sur les écrits du for privé. Prenant comme point de départ la pratique de l’écriture du journal chez le diplomate Chambrier d’Oleyres (un journal de 51 volumes soit plus de 20000 pages), cette contribution vise à souligner les bénéfices d’un rapprochement de deux champs dynamiques de l’historiographie jusqu’à présent rarement mis en rapport, à savoir la nouvelle histoire diplomatique et la recherche sur les égo-documents.
L’impossible asile. La maison des aliénés de Corsier (1832-1838)
Authors: Cicchini Marco , Maugué Ludovic
Published: May 2021

Entre 1832 et 1838, dans le village de Corsier à proximité de Genève, une bâtisse rurale est transformée en établissement public pour aliénés. Passée sous silence ou considérée comme une simple parenthèse par l’historiographie de la conquête asilaire en Suisse, cette expérience est modeste par sa durée et par sa taille. Elle illustre pourtant de manière condensée les obstacles, les échecs et les hésitations qui entourent, dans la première moitié du xix e siècle, la création d’établissements spécialisés dans le domaine de la maladie mentale. La maison de Corsier est exemplaire de ce temps où les savoirs, les acteurs et les lieux de la psychiatrie naissante sont largement indéterminés, où le monopole médical sur la folie est même une lointaine chimère. Le choix de s’établir à Corsier n’est pas le produit des circonstances sanitaires – l’épidémie de choléra menace la Suisse – mais le résultat d’une conception de l’aliénation mentale nouant l’ambition thérapeutique aux exigences d’ordre public et de gestion administrative de l’anormalité psychique ou sociale. Dans sa forme et son mode de fonctionnement, la maison de Corsier est l’un de ces lieux de folie mal circonscrits, parmi d’autres en Suisse et en Europe, entre l’hôpital général et l’asile.
The graph of the logistic map is a tower
Authors: De Leo Roberto , Yorke James A.
Published: May 2021

The qualitative behavior of a dynamical system can be encoded in a graph. Each node of the graph is an equivalence class of chain-recurrent points and there is an edge from node \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} to node \begin{document}$ B $\end{document} if, using arbitrary small perturbations, a trajectory starting from any point of \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} can be steered to any point of \begin{document}$ B $\end{document}. In this article we describe the graph of the logistic map. Our main result is that the graph is always a tower, namely there is an edge connecting each pair of distinct nodes. Notice that these graphs never contain cycles. If there is an edge from node \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} to node \begin{document}$ B $\end{document}, the unstable manifold of some periodic orbit in \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} contains points that eventually map onto \begin{document}$ B $\end{document}. For special parameter values, this tower has infinitely many nodes.
A proof by foliation that lawson's cones are $ A_{\Phi} $-minimizing
Authors: Mooney Connor , Yang Yang
Published: May 2021

We give a proof by foliation that the cones over \begin{document}$ \mathbb{S}^k \times \mathbb{S}^l $\end{document} minimize parametric elliptic functionals for each \begin{document}$ k, \, l \geq 1 $\end{document}. We also analyze the behavior at infinity of the leaves in the foliations. This analysis motivates conjectures related to the existence and growth rates of nonlinear entire solutions to equations of minimal surface type that arise in the study of such functionals.
An Improved Apriori Algorithm for Association Mining Between Physical Fitness Indices of College Students
Authors: Pan Tao
Published: May 2021

The physical fitness of college students can be evaluated scientifically based on the data of physical education (PE). This paper firstly relies on the Apriori algorithm to mine the hidden correlations between the physical fitness indices from the PE data on college students, and identify the indices closely associated with the physical fitness of college students. Then, the Apriori algorithm was improved to reduce the time complexity of association rule mining. Based on the improved algorithm, it was learned that the correlation coefficients of several indices surpassed the minimum support of 0.2 and minimum confidence of 0.7, reflecting their important impacts on physical fitness. Thus, physical fitness of college students is significantly influenced by speed, endurance, flexibility, and vital capacity, but not greatly affected by height and weight. The research results provide an important guide for the test and curriculum designs of PE for college students.
Apps-Based Temperature Monitoring System with Location Services for Medical Needs Delivery Using Drone
Authors: Gan Kok Beng , Mohd Syahril Amir , Ng Tze Yee
Published: May 2021

Traditional temperature monitoring system for blood delivery requires a USB cable to extract data after delivery has been completed. Without real-time temperature data during delivery, the quality of the products cannot be monitored efficiently. In this paper, we have designed and developed a mobile application-based temperature monitoring system for medical needs delivery. It has a mobile application to display temperature data in real-time. The system includes Arduino Uno, DHT22, DS3231, microSD card adapter and ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. The temperature and humidity data were stored in the microSD card and ThingSpeak server for further analysis. A mobile application allowed users to visualized and monitor the temperature of the payload during delivery. For the system test and evaluation purpose, the developed temperature monitoring system was placed inside a polystyrene box. The temperature and humidity data were acquired using DHT22 and Fluke t3000 fc in cold and ambient temperature for 30 minutes with a sampling time of 2 seconds in the polystyrene box. The results showed that the correlations error 0.96 and 1.00, respectively. Finally, we showed that the developed temperature monitoring system can capture and record temperature data in real-time. It is reliable and comparable to a high-end temperature monitor.
A Model for Enhancing Algorithmic Thinking in Programming Education using PAAM
Authors: Malik Sohail Iqbal , Tawafak Ragad , Alfarsi Ghaliya , Ashfaque Mohammed Waseem , Mathew Roy
Published: May 2021

Most novice programmers consider learning to program as a difficult and challenging field of study for them. As a result, high dropout and failure rates in programming one courses reported. One of the reasons is that most programming (1) courses don’t give equal attention to syntax and semantics of programming language and algorithmic thinking. In this study, a web application based on Problem Analysis and Algorithmic Model (PAAM) was prepared and acquainted in the programming (1) course. The application focuses on problem analysis and algorithmic thinking. The influence on genders' opinion after offering the PAAM model in the programming (1) course determined by organizing a survey. The mean values of the male and female survey respondents compared by performing the T-test. The purpose is to determine if there is any significant difference between the mean values. Results show that students appreciated the web application in the programming (1) course. Male students discerned more positive responses in the survey questions compared to female students. The T-test result shows a significant difference between the values of respondents because the p-value for equal variances assumed is (.000), which is less than p = 0.05. The application encourages a new approach based on four steps (problem statement → problem analysis → problem-solving skills → code) for novices. The application helps students to understand programming structures, program design and comprehension.
Development of Android-Based Mathematics Learning Game on the Topic of Congruence and Similarity
Authors: Qohar Abd. , Susiswo Susiswo , Nasution Syaiful Hamzah , Wahyuningsih Sapti
Published: May 2021

In general, students' math skills in Indonesia are low. An effort must be made to get students to enjoy learning mathematics so that their mathematical abilities improve. The rapid development of smartphone technology provides an opportunity for use in mathematics learning. This study aims to develop an Android-based mathematics learning game for junior high school students on the topic of congruence and similarity. The research method used in this study is the Plomp development method with three stages: preliminary research, the prototyping stage, and the assessment phase. The subjects of this study were 56 seventh-grade students from the State Junior High School (SMPN 1) Wagir Malang. Six students participated in small group trials and 50 students participated in field trials. The results showed that the Android-based learning game on the topic of congruence and similarity had been successfully developed. The game media have been validated by experts with a score of 3.36, which shows that the media created are valid. The practicality tests in the small group trial resulted in a score of 3.50, while the field trial resulted in a score of 3.51. The effectiveness tests carried out in the small group trial resulted in a score of 3.36, while the field trial results had a score of 3.38. These results indicate that the learning games developed are practical and effective for use in mathematics learning.
Big Data Support for Problem Solving Method in Mass Spectrometry Topic in Modern Analytical Chemistry Course
Authors: Muis Irmayanti , Wonorahardjo Surjani , Budiasih Endang
Published: May 2021

Extremely large and unpredictable user generation of data, all digitized and stored in large data repositories is built up by scientists, especially from modern analytical chemistry. This study aims to build a new approach in chemistry education, by utilizing Big Data sources to support IDEAL (I-Identify problem, D-Define goal, E-Explore possible strategies, A-anticipate outcomes and act, L-Look back and learn) Problem Solving learning model. Modern analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments to analize chemical compounds up to structural analysis.  Modern instruments, such as mass spectrometer, generate information of compounds and stored in big data bank.  This must be able to be accessed and used in chemistry education.  This report would be around the benefits of using Big Data during learning process in this digital era, through IDEAL Problem Solving learning. Some preliminary progress would be presented.  The growing number of data and resources would change also teaching and learning methodology in higher education.  Some highlights about disruptive learning innovation would be described
L’automobile de demain : une histoire de générations déçues
Authors: Mom Gijs
Published: May 2021

Cet article est la première synthèse d’un ouvrage de 400 pages publié en 2004 (note 1). L’argumentation se fonde d’abord sur la déconstruction d’explications généralement apportées par des ingénieurs pour comprendre l’échec du véhicule électrique. Autrement dit, si nous l’avions choisi, nous aurions pu rouler à l’électricité sans problème. Face aux arguments techniques, l’auteur avance une hypothèse culturelle selon laquelle la voiture électrique est en fait un succès dans la mesure où elle est parvenue à stimuler la voiture à pétrole dans ses perfectionnements techniques. En l’absence d’analyse plus poussée sur la seconde moitié du xxe siècle, il convient de s’interroger sur notre changement d’opinion sur la faisabilité de la voiture électrique. En avons-nous réellement changé ? Devons-nous réellement le faire ?
Dessiner à l’Université ? Esquisse d’un cheminement
Authors: Herrmann Lou
Published: May 2021

Le dessin peut-il être une écriture académique ? Peut-il participer à la diffusion et la construction des savoirs scientifiques ? À l’instar d’une épaisse histoire qui lie géographie et dessin, ce texte fait l’hypothèse que oui. Revenant sur ma pratique du dessin en milieu académique, j’explore ses attributs propres et esquisse les potentialités de sa mobilisation dans le travail de recherche en sciences sociales. Il se révèle être, selon les cas, un formidable outil de traduction, de synthèse, d’enquête ou d’abstraction.
Tourisme rouge, tourisme noir : le cas des memorial parks chinois
Authors: Mariet Vincent
Published: May 2021

Depuis une trentaine d’années, le tourisme de mémoire se mue en un tourisme de masse. En Chine, il se dilue dans un « tourisme rouge » officiel qui lui-même s’insère dans un processus global de thanatourisme. Les anciens champs de bataille, espaces mémoriels sacralisés, sont maintenant le théâtre d’une mise en divertissement sous la forme de memorial parks. Cet article a pour objectif de montrer comment et par quels moyens est représentée la mort due à la guerre et quelle est alors la place des morts dans ces lieux historiques au passé sombre.
Le monde chinois des morts dans l’œuvre de Paul Claudel
Authors: Chu Ge
Published: May 2021

Cet article s’intéresse aux représentations du monde chinois des morts dans l’œuvre de Paul Claudel. Nous prêtons attention au regard claudélien sur les tombes chinoises, sur la notion de l’enfer dans les contextes occidental et chinois, et enfin sur la relation entre les vivants et les morts de la Chine. Une telle enquête nous aide certainement à mieux comprendre les écrits chinois de Claudel ; de plus d’après nous, le regard de Claudel constitue un échange culturel et philosophique concernant les attitudes envers la vie et la mort en Chine et en Occident.
La Battaglia (1904-1913) : la revue des anarchistes italiens immigrés au Brésil
Authors: Stiffoni Giovanni
Published: May 2021

La Battaglia (1904-1913), revue des anarchistes italiens immigrés au Brésil au début du XXe siècle, a été dirigée par Oreste Ristori. Les rédacteurs de la revue critiquent le capitalisme brésilien, et dénoncent l’exploitation des immigrés italiens au Brésil pour décourager les futurs candidats à l’immigration. La revue critique aussi le système parlementaire, le socialisme réformateur, et la passivité de la population brésilienne.
Psychological and social consequences of earthquakes in central Italy. Experience in the Ambito Territoriale Sociale XXIV of the Marche Region, November 2016.
Authors: Damiani T.
Published: May 2021

The hospital of Amandola was evacuated on the night of August 24, as was the annexed RSA, and was at that time the most important public building hit by the earthquake in the Marche Region. The hospital is a centuries-old institution serving an area much larger than the eleven municipalities of ATS 24, and includes more than 20,000 inhabitants of the provinces of Ascoli Piceno Fermo and Macerata and falls within the typology of mountain hospitals. The quake of October 30 determined the closure of outpatient services that were still active and of the dialysis service that had just resumed functioning. At the same time, a first aid station was set up in the area of Amandola called Pian di contro, together with a blood collection point for the most immediate needs of the population.
Fibromyalgia syndrome: multidisciplinary intervention
Authors: Paiuzzi E. , Sterpone R. , Rocchetta P.A. , Galeazzi A.
Published: May 2021

Objectives: The multidimensional view of pain, characterized by both psychosocial and physiological components, lays the foundation for the use of different treatment techniques. In the article will be presented a model of multicomponential intervention that includes the intervention of the rheumatologist doctor, the psychiatrist doctor, the psychologist-psychotherapist, the doctor specialized in acupuncture, the naturopathic doctor and the person in charge of sweet gymnastics and tai-chi, paying particular attention to the approaches of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy and EMDR. Methodology: The fibromyalgia syndrome is a complex rheumatic disease characterized by a set of physical symptoms including chronic and widespread pain, fatigue, stiffness and sleep disturbances, which cause considerable suffering to those affected. The classification criteria and the differential diagnosis highlight the still controversial nature of the syndrome, despite its diffusion and the discomfort it causes to those who suffer from it. The intervention is structured as follows: medical diagnosis, psychological assessment, treatment. Results: integrated intervention proposal Conclusions: integrated intervention being applied to four patients.