bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of herbicides on soil enzyme L-asparaginase activity
Authors: Kumari J Aruna , Rao PC , Madhavi M
Published: March 2021

To study the effect of new generation herbicides on soil enzyme L-asparaginase a field experiment was designed and carried out on maize as test crop. The weed management practices tested were two preemergence herbicides (pendimethalin and atrazine @ 1.0 kg a.i/ha each) and two post-emergence herbicides topramezone @ 25.2 g a.i/ha at 15 DAS,and tembotrione @ 105 g a.i/ha at 15 DAS and combine application of pre- and post emergent herbicides topramezone + atrazine @ 25.2 + 250 g a.i/ha at 15 DAS, tembotrione + atrazine @ 105 + 250 g a.i/ha was applied at 15 DAS and in addition to these the unweeded control and hand weeding (twice at 20 and 40 days) treatments. Soil samples were collected at 15 days intervals and enzyme activity was assayed. In pre-emergence herbicides, control, and hand weeding, there was an increase in the activity of the enzyme from 0 to 60 days and then decrease till harvest, whereas in post emergence herbicide both stimulation and inhibition were observed.
Hearing Impairment in Children with Congenital Hypothyroidism
Authors: Biswas Rabi , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: March 2021

Background: There is increased risk of hearing impairment in children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Only a few studies have explored the prevalence of hearing impairment in CH and their results vary widely. There is no data of hearing impairment in Bangladeshi children with CH.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hearing impairment in children with CH, and its relation with age of diagnosis and the dose of thyroxine (T4) they received.

Methods: This study was conducted in Paediatric Endocrinology & Metabolic Disorder Department of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from July 2014 to December 2018. Hearing evaluation of 55 children diagnosed with CH was performed with a battery of tools that included Middle ear analysis, Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), Behavioral Observation Audiometry (BOA) and Oto Acoustic Emissions (OAE). The choice of assessment tool was based on patient’s age.

Results: The mean age at diagnosis and at inclusion into the study was 2.0±1.7 years and 3.2±2.3 years respectively. The etiological diagnosis was thyroid agenesis in 40(72.7%), ectopia in 3(5.5%), dyshormonogenesis in 7(12.7%) and hypothyroidism with eutopic gland in 5(9.1%%) patients. Middle ear analysis, PTA, BOA and OAE was done in 35, 28, 32 and 37 patients respectively. Sensorineural hearing loss was detected in 1 out of 55(1.8%) patients while conductive hearing loss was found in 3(5.4%) patients.

Conclusion: Hearing loss was present in a small proportion of patients with permanent CH. Further larger studies are required to determine the exact prevalence of hearing impairment in Bangladeshi children with CH.

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(1) : 14-19
A 1 year Study on Pattern of Neonatal Admissions and Mortality Related to Neonatal and Maternal Influences in A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Barishal
Authors: Barua Joyita , Nath Sudipta Deb , Hossain M Monir
Published: March 2021

Background: Morbid conditions during the neonatal period possess a serious risk to the health and well-being of the baby. The death rate among neonates is very high in Bangladesh and various factors are responsible for this other than neonatal diseases.

Objectives: The objective was to compare different aspects of neonatal conditions in a tertiary care teaching hospital and to inspect the effects of neonatal/maternal influences over neonatal morbidity and mortality. Another primary goal was to study if there was any interconnection between neonatal morbid conditions and mortality.

Methods: This prospective study was carried out at Special Care Neonatal Unit of Sher-e-Bangla Medical College and Hospital, Barishal from April 2019 to March 2020. A total of 142 mothers were enquired according to our questionnaire. Data about both mothers and neonates were included in the questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 26.

Results: A total of 142 mothers and their 150 admitted neonates were included in our cohort. Among 150 neonates, we analyzed 133 and excluded 17. During the hospital stay, 9.8% of 133 neonates died. Mortality and morbidity were dependent on factors like gestational age, birth weight, and twin pregnancy. The causes of admission were PNA with HIE (58.6%), neonatal sepsis (28.6%), neonatal jaundice (9.8%), congenital anomalies (8.3%), RDS (4.5%), IUGR (3.8%), pneumonia (2.3%), and diabetes mellitus (0.8%). Neonates having PNA with HIE showed significant p-value when correlated with the cause of LUCS- oligohydramnios, gestational age, birth weight. Pre-term neonates had substantial cases of RDS (9.8%). Neonatal sepsis was observed more on the initiation of breastfeeding on the first day (39.1%) than later (23%), and oligohydramnios, less fetal movement, prolonged labor were found to be significant causes of it.

Conclusion: The study acknowledged LBW, PNA with HIE, sepsis, neonatal jaundice, congenital anomalies, and RDS as the major factors for neonatal admissions, and reasons behind mortality were LBW, prematurity, and twin pregnancy. Awareness among parents and improved infrastructure of the hospital might be helpful to reduce the gravity of the condition in the future.

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(1) : 52-60
Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome in a Teenage Girl: A Case Report
Authors: Nahid Khan Lamia , Md Rukunuzzaman - , Md Benzamin - , Begum Fahmida , Karim ASM Bazlul
Published: March 2021

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(1) : 67-70
Abstracts from current literature Vol 36(1)
Authors: Editor The
Published: March 2021

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(1) : 78-79
BICH News Vol 36(1)
Authors: Editor The
Published: March 2021

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(1) : 80
Postgraduate Courses/Training in Paediatrics in BICH
Authors: Editor The
Published: March 2021

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(1) : 81
família Solanaceae Juss. no município de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Moura Jerlane Nascimento , Caires Claudenir Simões
Published: March 2021

Solanaceae é uma das maiores famílias de plantas vasculares, com 100 gêneros e ca. de 2.500 espécies, com distribuição subcosmopolita e maior diversidade na região Neotropical. Este trabalho realizou um levantamento florístico das espécies de Solanaceae no município de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, em área ecotonal entre Caatinga e Mata Atlântica. Foram realizadas coletas semanais de agosto/2019 a março/2020, totalizando 30 espécimes, depositados nos herbários HUESBVC e HVC. Foram registradas 19 espécies, distribuídas em nove gêneros: Brunfelsia (2 spp.), Capsicum (1 sp.), Cestrum (1 sp.), Datura (1 sp.), Iochroma (1 sp.) Nicandra (1 sp.), Nicotiana (1 sp.), Physalis (1 sp.) e Solanum (10 spp.). Dentre as espécies coletadas, cinco são endêmicas para o Brasil e 11 foram novos registros para o município. Nossos resultados demonstram que Solanaceae é uma família de elevada riqueza de espécies no município, contribuindo para o conhecimento da flora local.
Теорія природного права: концептуальний і доктринальний виміри
Authors: МАКСИМОВ СЕРГІЙ
Published: March 2021

У статті аналізуються особливості теорії природного права як фундаментальної парадигми в осмисленні права, завдяки яким вона зберігає своє значення протягом усієї інтелектуальної історії людства у конкурентній боротьбі із дуже впливовим суперником – правовим позитивізмом. Існуючи у багатоманітності своїх проявів – теорій природного права, або навіть тенденцій, способів правового мислення, вона несе у собі могутній потенціал творчих перетворень у правовій сфері завдяки формулюванню амбітних ідеалів та їх практичній реалізації, зберігаючи загадковість і надихаючи своїх прибічників на розгадування таємниць права та його пізнання.
Метою статті є спроба уточнити ключові положення щодо суті природного права, спростувати деякі упередження щодо трактування його природи і призначення, а також показати можливості й характер практичного застосування положень цієї концепції як певної доктрини.
Спираючись на теоретичну проблематизацію деяких уявлень щодо історії та зміс ту природного права й аналітичних роз’яснень концептів і конструкцій теорії, що його осмислює (теорії природного права), у першій частині статті робиться спроба сформулювати узагальнюючий образ природного права та теорій природного права, що його осмислюють; особливо підкреслюється зростання значущості теорій природного права в періоди реформ і соціальних трансформацій.
У другій частині розкриваються підстави та зміст трьох “відроджень” теорій природного права, які відбувалися протягом ХХ ст.; акцент робиться на демонстрації практичного значення теорії природного права (як певної доктрини) у критичних оцінках діючого позитивного права, а також у процесах правотворчості та судових рішеннях, спростовуючи тим самим судження про його історичну “вичерпаність”. У заключній частині окреслюються перспективи застосування положень доктрини природного права у вітчизняній юридичній науці та правовій практиці.
Classical Natural Law, а Methodology for Justice
Authors: BAUZON STÉPHANE
Published: March 2021

Justice is the name for a human characteristic that everyone feels spontaneously: what is fair or unfair in a social relationship. Animals do not have justice. The human reason (logos – λόγος) acts in order to reveal what is included in justice. Thus, as a participation in justice, the human conscience (logos) finds the law. Away from modern (and current) theories of natural law that sets rules either to be applied directly to social reality or to be individual powers to be opposed to positive law, the classical theory of law is a social quest directed toward doing the right thing. In the wake of Aristotle, classical natural law is a methodology (based on dialectics) to find justice in society. The etymology of dialectics, dia-lektos, teaches us that it signifies the exchange of words between different interlocutors. In this sense, dialectics is practiced every day by those gathering together, who receive advice relating to a given situation. Dialectic does not solely aim to persuade; but also tries to look for the natural law. Legal conclusions, notwithstanding the authority submitting them, are ultimately questionable. Having been born in dialectic, these conclusions remain as such. Nonetheless, their very existence gives the natural law, a fragmented expression of justice. Unlike morality, or the precepts of divine law, natural law is not given at all: it must be established through dialectic. Morality retains a reduced role, broadly limited to the discovery of natural law’s essence, for example by prohibiting murder from being accepted in principle. Still, such a moral prescription does not solve the problem to know who is guilty of murder. As a methodology, classical natural law acknowledges the contingency of social norms with regard to the distribution of common goods. As a process that attends to the common good available and the merits of people understood in a broad fashion as encompassing the resources they possess, classical natural law cannot a priori determine what specific rights or goods particular specific people should have. Adapting to reality is necessary: a dialogue is always established to amend the contours of justice. For this purpose, classical natural law is the methodology for justice to achieve its new forms, to distinguish new data from the social distribution of goods and responsibilities. The protection of the worker, of the minor or of the foreigner is of indisputable moral value, though its implementation follows the oscillations of time. However, as a moral horizon, seeking justice involves a perennial effort to recognise other humans as human.
Вступ до герменевтичної теорії природного права
Authors: САТОХІНА НАТАЛІЯ
Published: March 2021

Метою статті є прояснення правової складової фундаментального досвіду як досвіду сенсу та окреслення у такий спосіб контурів герменевтичної теорії природного права. Окреслено загальні перспективи та деякі напрями застосування герменевтичної оптики для осмислення проблеми природного права як проблеми співвідношення фактичності і значущості у структурі людського досвіду. Герменевтичне осмислення проблеми природного права відбувається у три кроки. Спершу здійснено реконструкцію теорії герменевтичного досвіду як досвіду розуміння себе, Іншого і світу. Останнє мислиться як спосіб буття людини у світі, що виявляється можливим завдяки герменевтичній відкритості як первинному визнанню Іншого. Другу частину статті присвячено виявленню у структурі герменевтичного досвіду іманентного йому правового виміру, який локалізовано в постійній напрузі між таким, що уможливлює досвід сенсу, взаємним визнанням і таким, що його не можна уникнути, ризиком невизнання. Насамкінець встановлюється зв’язок між структурою герменевтичного досвіду та правовими інститутами, що вони розглядаються як підтвердження взаємного пуб лічного визнання людьми одне одного. Зокрема, продемонстровано, що людська гідність є не штучною конструкцією, до якої людство вимушене було вдатися заради самозбереження, і не порожньою політичною декларацією, а фундаментальною цінністю інших людей, зумовленою особливістю людського досвіду як досвіду розуміння, можливого лише в діалозі. Через виявлення правового виміру досвіду людини як досвіду сенсу окреслено контури герменевтичної теорії природного права як онтологічної теорії, що вбачає підстави права у “природі речей” і як така становить альтернативу, з одного боку, релятивізму правового позитивізму, а з другого – догматизму деонтологічних теорій природного права.
Що таке природне право? Концепція природного права у світлі соціального натуралізму
Authors: КОСТЕНКО ОЛЕКСАНДР
Published: March 2021

У статті викладені результати започаткованого автором у 1993 р. науко вого пошуку шляхів відродження ідеї природного права на новій світоглядній основі з огляду на актуальні виклики, що постали перед сучасною юриспруденцією.
Основну проблему сучасної юриспруденції автор вбачає у розкритті потенціалу ідеї природного права, застосовуючи нову методологію, засновану на розвитку світоглядних ідей прогресивних мислителів, зокрема Дж. Локка і Е. Дюркгейма. Саме цій проблемі і присвячена стаття.
Мета статті – за допомогою адекватної методології розкрити сутність ідеї природного права і виявити її можливості для забезпечення правового прогресу в сучасних умовах.
Для досягнення цієї мети автор використав методологію, засновану, зокрема, на світоглядних ідеях Дж. Локка і Е. Дюркгейма.
Розвиваючи ідеї зазначених учених, автор доходить висновку, що продуктивним світоглядним інструментом для розуміння соціальних феноменів, зокрема і права, є соціальний натуралізм, тобто вчення, згідно з яким поряд із фізичною і біологічною формами природи є третя форма природи – соціальна природа, яка існує за своїми законами природи, відмінними від законів фізичної і біологічної форм природи.
У результаті застосування методології, заснованої на соціальному натуралізмі, автор пропонує нове бачення соціального феномену “права”, основою якого є закони природного права як різновид законів соціальної природи.
Відповідно до цього у статті піддаються критиці концепції природного права, які ігнорують факт реального існування і дії законів соціальної природи, і зокрема законів природного права.
З огляду на соціально-натуралістичне праворозуміння автор пропонує по-новому розв’язувати актуальні проблеми юриспруденції. Зокрема, обґрунтовується необхідність заснувати правопорядок у суспільстві (і міжнародний правопорядок) на принципі верховенства законів природного права.
У світлі соціального натуралізму по-новому трактуються фундаментальні фактори правової реальності.
У результаті дослідження феномена права за допомогою методології, заснованої на соціальному натуралізмі, автор доходить висновку, що природне право – це закони соціальної природи, що визначають природні права і природні обов’язки людей у їх суспільному житті і які мають втілюватися у форму позитивного законодавства. А останнє є інструментом для забезпечення узгодженості суспільного життя людей із законами природного права.
Відповідно до соціально-натуралістичного праворозуміння фундаментальне понят тя “право” визначається як закони природного права, відкриті людьми, відображені в їх правовій культурі і втілені ними в форму позитивного законодавства та практику його застосування.
У висновках формулюються ідеї для соціальної практики, що випливають із принципу верховенства законів природного права.
MEMBANGUN KESADARAN HUKUM PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID – 19 MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Wijaya Rahmanu , Warsono Warsono , Setyowati Nanik , Sari Maya Mustika Kartika
Published: March 2021

The President of the Republic of Indonesia has established the status of a health emergency in the Presidential Decree 11 of 2020, as well as stated in Presidential Decree 12 of 2020 that non-natural disasters caused by COVID-19 as a national disaster. The consequence is the birth of the role of the government through legal instruments and actions to control the community, so it is important to build legal awareness. In this case teachers have the authority to form a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) applied to students, then this legal research aims to know the authority of teachers of Pancasila education and citizenship (PPKn) junior high school (SMP) in drafting RPP to build legal awareness during the covid-19 pandemic. The method used is Statute Approach, which is based on the legislation on the authority of teachers and related to the status of health emergencies and non-natural disasters. The results showed that PPKN teachers have the authority to develop RPP that builds legal awareness for students, especially with regard to the control exercised by the government during the pandemic.
ANALISIS YURIDIS TENTANG RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG HALUAN PANCASILA
Authors: Fadhlillah Muhammad Rizqi , Yusuf Yusmedi
Published: March 2021

Pancasila, which has become an ideology of the state, is currently facing a polemic with the Draft of the Pancasila Ideology  (RUU HIP) proposed by members of the DPR. This polemic arose because the absence of TAP MPRS NUMBER 25 / MPRS / 1966 of 1966 concerning the Disbanding of the Indonesian Communist Party, Statement as a Prohibited Organization in the Entire Territory of the Republic of Indonesia and the Prohibition of Every Activity to Spread Or Develop Communist / Marxist-Leninism and Pancasila Doctrine has been conceived to be squeezed into Trisila and Ekasila. The research method used in this study is normative research. The existence of the Draft Bill of Ideology is considered to change the basis of the state and change the state and national life order of the Indonesian people, therefore the Draft of the Pancasila Ideology Bow course must be rejected.
PENGGUNAAN KLIP VIDEO DARI YOUTUBE DI DALAM ACARA TELEVISI YANG BERSIFAT KOMERSIAL DIPANDANG DARI UNDANG-UNDANG No. 28 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG HAK CIPTA
Authors: Susilawati Retno , Bagaskoro Gunawan
Published: March 2021

The development of technology in cellular phones, cameras, digitalization, and internet create new opportunities in creating art, including cinematograpics creation and in sharing said creation to the public. Using a cellular phone, one can create and edit a film then upload saif film to video sharing platform such as Youtube, Vimeo, Metacafe, Dailymotion, etc. Problems arise when the uploaded films are being used, without the owner’s consent, for a commercial activity, in this case in a commercially TV show which has commercial slot in it. This article will discuss the afromentioned video usage in relation to Law No. 28 Year 2014 Regarding Copyright. The usage of uploaded videos in commercial activity infringes the copyright owner’s exclusive rights and in the process of obtaining the said video disables or circumvents technological protection measures put in place by the platform.

 

Keyword: copyright; video sharing platform; technological protection measures
Identification of Wheat Genotypes Under Drought Stress Conditions at Early Germination Stage
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Ahmad Munir , Mehmood Asim
Published: March 2021

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a staple crop of most of the irrigated as well as rainfed areas of the world including Pakistan. Thirty wheat genotypes were used to study the effect of low moisture stress by using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-6000) under concentration (0%, 15% and 25%) of PEG-6000 at the germination stage. Data was recorded for germination percentage, shoot length, root length, coleoptile length, shoot dry weight and root dry weight. The results of the analysis were significant and positively Co-related among all parameters. About fourteen genotypes shows 100 % germination in both control as well as under 15% PEG-6000 conditions. Chakwal- 81, Punjab- 2011, AAS- 2011, Pirsabak- 2005, Pakistan- 2013, Chakwal- 50, Pisabak - 91 and Lasani- 2008 performance was better under control as well as 15 % PEG-6000 among all thirty genotypes. While AAUR-10 and Bhakkar-2002 showed no growth under all three concentrations because of fungal growth.
An Insight into Endangered Himalayan Paeony (Paeonia emodi royle): Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology
Authors: Jamil Tehseena , Bibi Yamin , Zahara Kulsoom
Published: March 2021

Paeonia emodi Royle is an endangered herb native to Himalayan region with diverse traditional therapeutic uses. It is categorized as critically endangered plant species. Traditionally plant parts are used for nervous diseases, uterine diseases, dysentery, colic, backache, hypertension, and piles. The medicinal activity is the result of presence of various important phytochemicals triterpenes, monoterpenes, phenolics, lipooxygenases, Nortriprenoids, steroids and aldehydes. P. emodi has many biological activities including antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-toxicity, and spasmolytic activity. Due to remarkable medicinal potential, this species is facing extremely high risk of extinction. This article briefly reviews botanical, medicinal, phytochemical, pharmacological and molecular attributes of this plant species along with its conservation strategies.
Evaluation of Salinitys Induced Modification in Growth, Biochemical and Yield Characteristics of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars
Authors: Kanwal Hina , Kausar Abida , Naheed Rashda , Akhtar Noreen , Farhat Fozia , Ilyas Aisha
Published: March 2021

Salt stress impact was appraised on different antioxidative enzymes, MDA and H2O2 in ten spring wheat cultivars i.e., S-24, Lasani, Fsd-2008, Saher-2006, Inqlab-91, AARI-10, P.B-18, S.H-20, M.P-65, and G.A-20 when salinity applied at the seedling stage. The wheat cultivars were grown under saline (150 mM) and non-saline regimes (0 mM) in pots filled with sand. Diverse response in all wheat cultivars was observed in different studied attributes. Saline stress markedly decline SOD, CAT and POD conc. in different wheat cultivars. While some cultivars (S-24, Lasani, AARI-10 and GA-20) showed increase in these attributes under saline condition as compared to control. MDA and H2O2 content were increased in different wheat cultivars due to imposition of salt stress at the seedling stage. Whereas decrease in some cultivars was recorded in these attributes under saline regime than in non-saline conditions. Of all wheat cultivars, S-24, Lasani, AARI-10 and GA-20 showed high antioxidative activity, less lipid peroxidation and H2O2 content in plant shoot when salt stress applied at the seedling stage. On the basis of higher antioxidative activity and less MDA and H2O2 content, these four cultivars (S-24, Lasani, AARI-10 and GA-20) could be categorized as salt tolerant as compared to others
İnstagram Kullanımının Lisans Öğrencilerinin Yaşam Biçimleri Üzerine Etkisin
Authors: METİN Osman , GENCER Murat
Published: March 2021

Sosyal medya, günlük yaşamda birçok alanda karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Özellikle teknolojinin gelişmesi ve akıllı cihazların kullanımı ile birlikte sosyal medya, zaman ve mekân sınırı tanımaksızın hayatımıza dahil olmaktadır. Bu durum bir sosyal medya uygulaması olan Instagram içinde geçerlidir. Instagram kullanımı, gün geçtikçe toplum içerisinde yaygın bir hal almaktadır. Kullanıcılar beğenilmek, takdir edilmek, kendini kanıtlamak, bilgi almak gibi birçok nedenle uygulamaya ilgi göstermektedir. Bu noktada Instagram’ın, kullanıcıların yaşam biçimlerini etkilediği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Instagram kullanımının üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşam biçimleri üzerine etkisi üzerinde durulmuştur. Öğrencilerin Instagram’ı kullanım amaçları, kullanım süreleri ve bu durumların öğrencilerin yaşam biçimlerine etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmada önce sosyal medya, Instagram ve kuramsal çerçeveye değinildikten sonra araştırma bulgularına yer verilmiştir. Çalışma verileri sosyolojik bağlamda değerlendirilmiştir. Nitel bir araştırma olarak planlanan bu çalışmada yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme ve gözlem tekniği kullanılmıştır.
Evaluation of Tertiary Reservoir in Hamrin Oil Field, North Iraq
Authors: AL-Sulaiman Faraj Ahmad , Aadi Ahmed Thamer
Published: March 2021

Hamrin oil field is one of the important oil field in northern Iraq. The field represent an asymmetrical anticline that extend North West-South East for more than 101 km, with width (4-7) km. Hamrin oil field was located at the south western boundary of foothill zone of the unstable shelf area according to the tectonic division of Iraq. The Tertiary reservoir represented by Jeribe and Euphrates formations as main reservoirs and Dhiban formation as secondary reservoir that represent an attractive petroleum completion target in Hamrin oil field. The aim of this study is to determine the petrophysical properties of these formations, using log data, because these properties affect the estimate of reserves (porosity and saturation) and well deliverability (permeability). This study shows that the petro physical properties of these formations were controlled by depositional environment, diagenesis and tectonic activity. The evaluation of the petro physical for tertiary reservoir in Hamrin oil field was necessary to choose the best interval for well completion.
Inner Harmony as an Essential Facet of Well-Being: A Multinational Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Carreno David F. , Eisenbeck Nikolett , Pérez-Escobar José Antonio , García-Montes José M.
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to explore the role of two models of well-being in the prediction of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, namely PERMA and mature happiness. According to PERMA, well-being is mainly composed of five elements: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning in life, and achievement. Instead, mature happiness is understood as a positive mental state characterized by inner harmony, calmness, acceptance, contentment, and satisfaction with life. Rooted in existential positive psychology, this harmony-based happiness represents the result of living in balance between positive and negative aspects of one's life. We hypothesized that mature happiness would be a more prominent protective factor during the present pandemic than the PERMA composite. A total of 12,203 participants from 30 countries responded to an online survey including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), the PERMA-Profiler, and the Mature Happiness Scale-Revised (MHS-R). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that PERMA and mature happiness were highly correlated, but nonetheless, they represented two separate factors. After controlling for demographic factors and country-level variables, both PERMA Well-being and MHS-R were negative predictors of psychological distress. Mature happiness was a better predictor of stress, anxiety, and general distress, while PERMA showed a higher prediction of depression. Mature happiness moderated the relation between the perceived noxious effects of the pandemic and all markers of distress (depression, anxiety, stress, and total DASS-21). Instead, PERMA acted as a moderator in the case of depression and stress. These findings indicate that inner harmony, according to the mature happiness theory, is an essential facet of well-being to be taken into consideration. The results of this study can also orient policies aimed to alleviate the negative effects of the pandemic on mental health through the promotion of well-being.
Facial expressions alter the fundamental sound properties of speech
Authors: Tessaro Lucas , Whissell Cynthia
Published: March 2021

Literature from across academic disciplines has demonstrated significant links between emotional valence and language. For example, Whissell’s Dictionary of Affect in Language defines three dimensions upon which the emotionality of words is describable, and Ekman’s Theories of Emotion include the perception and internalization of facial expressions. The present study seeks to expand upon these works by exploring whether holding facial expressions alters the fundamental speech properties of spoken language. Nineteen (19) participants were seated in a soundproof chamber and were asked to speak a series of pseudowords containing target phonemes.  The participants spoke the pseudowords either holding no facial expression, smiling, or frowning, and the utterances recorded using a high-definition microphone and phonologically analysed using PRAAT analysis software. Analyses revealed a pervasive gender differences in frequency variables, where males showed lower fundamental but higher formant frequencies compared to females. Significant main effects were found within the fundamental and formant frequencies, but no effects were discerned for the intensity variable. While intricate, these results are indicative of an interaction between the activity of facial musculature when reflecting emotional valence and the sound properties of speech uttered simultaneously.
The performing principles of the Ukrainian pianist and teacher Viktor Syriatsky
Authors: Syriatska Tetiana
Published: March 2021

Background. Viktor Syriatsky is a pianist, pedagogue, composer and scholar, a unique figure in the piano art of the second half of XX century. His talent as a pianist is incredibly multi-faceted, he brought up several generations of famous musician during 35 years, while working at Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts. The aim of the article is to reveal basic principles of the performing style of Viktor Syriatsky and essence of his artistic aspirations. The relevance of chosen facet of the research is caused by the fact that its results might be used in the work of performer on the interpretation of musical piece, and in practice of teaching, including such courses as history and methodology of performance art. Research methodology. In order to reveal the chosen theme, complex musicologically-analytical approach is used, which is founded on the works by such scholars as B. Asafev, S. Savshinskiy, S. Feynberg, Ya. Milshteyn, D. Rabinovich, N. Rastopchina, G. Neygauz, modern research – works by N. Drach (2006), I. Belonosova (2014), O. Fedorovich (2014) etc. These works allowed to regard performance style as an attribute of the personality of the performer himself, which might be dependent on his own physiological and psychological traits, from his mentality and worldview. Results for discussion. All his life V. Syriatsky consciously and unremittingly worked on his performer style. The play of the pianist draws attention from the very first sounds. His sound is full mellow, warm, resonant, equally noble even in mighty ff and in soft pp, always full and resonant. His sound is a tool, not the goal itself. The best sound is the one, the most fully. embodying artistic content. Mastership of V. Syriatsky is connected as well with rich usage of textural performer’s means and pedal. Understanding performance art as the one bearing artistic content, he regarded intonation to be the most important mean of musical expressiveness. Apart from performer’s intonation for him the was not truly valuable and significant recreation of the author’s idea. His play stood out apart from the play of other pianists by naturality of the performance: whatever he played, it became alive under his hands. The master was incredibly careful in his choosing of temporal organization in music such as tempo. He also underlined importance of the performer’s rubato. At the same time, the ideas of the composer were a law for him. Conclusion. In performance style of V. Syriatsky there was incredible calmness and sage of a man who went through diverse school of life.
Middle english names of potters: the determinant analysis of the series of synonyms
Authors:   National Transport University, Dobrovolska Oksana
Published: March 2021

Background: The article deals with the scientific problem of the reconstruction of language evolution in the aspect of historical dynamics of linguistic processes in the semantic system of the English language. The topicality of the research is determined by the need to study the issues of the theories of language development, language changes, modern systemic linguistics and language interference in the parameters of the complex dynamic adaptive system on the basis of the numerical empirical material within the long chronological period in different functions. Purpose: It is relevant to study the development of a particular series of synonyms as a sub-system within the lexical-semantic group in the aspect of determinant analysis. The research methodology is the combination of the traditional linguistic methods together with new systemic functional techniques of the reconstruction of the evolution of semantic system. The aim of the article is to reconstruct the development of the semantic subsystem of the names of potters in Middle English by establishing the specifics of the support of the internal determinant of the semantic group of occupational terms in Middle English at the level of the series of synonyms. The tasks of the research are the following: to make analyses of the etymological composition of the word-stems, functional differentiation and chronological stratification of the first written attestations of the Middle English names of potters. The subject of the study is the etymological composition, functional differentiation and chronological stratification of the Middle English occupational terms. The object of the study is the series of synonyms – the names of potters as a subsystem of the semantic group of Middle English occupational terms. Results: There 8 names of potters in Middle English, forming 0.33% of the total number of Middle English occupational terms. The formation of the series of synonyms under study predominantly belongs to the 12th – 15th centuries, only one word being neologism of the Modern English period. The ratio of English words, loan-blends and borrowings is 55 %:15.5 %:12.5 %. Discussion: The scientific novelty of the research lies in the new functional approach to the history of vocabulary study, as well as the usage of new techniques of linguistic investigation applied to the new object of the study, esp. a particular series of synonyms as a constituent part of the larger systems of language. The results indicate the strict subordination of functioning and development of the series of synonyms of the Middle English names of potters to the language determinant of the semantic group of occupational terms and the English language as a whole. The article draws the prospective of further studies in the field of language evolution of the semantic system in the aspect of determinant analysis of its subsystems.
Standard of speech: grammatical invasion as a linguistic phenomenon
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Kolesnikova Iryna
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the main options of violation of speech design in the information space of modern Ukraine both at the domestic and official levels. The language disbalance of the system due to the global fashion for foreign terminology, without taking into account adaptability in a particular linguistic environment, the permission to democratization of means of communication and the use of peripheral layers and dirty language, especially in blogs, errors in the administrative language the officials transitions, as a rule, to surzhyk, genocide of modern Ukrainian language in the advertising field and other factors of influence lead to the destruction of national language therefore the analysis of these problems extremely urgent. Preservation of literary speech design, its deprivation of typical mistake at such language levels as orthoepic, orthographical, morphological, lexical, syntactic, stylistic etc. creates conditions to address in the Ukrainian speaking space shortcomings. The author suggests to look at the violation of the rules of the literary language as a kind of grammatical invasion, that is, the process of the linguistic organism and adaptation in it, with further spread among those who violate the standards of the language. This phenomenon needs attention of the state level. Recently, there has been activity in the work of the Ukrainian government and public organizations related to the strengthening of the status of the Ukrainian language as an official language and the creation of favorable conditions for its development as a means of self-identification of the nation and a communication tool (adoption of the «Language Law»). However, these steps are still not sufficient. Constructive actions are needed to really cleanse the Ukrainian language of elements that are not typical of it (for example, profanity, when is cultivated among young people), and also in terms of increasing the literacy rate Ukraine and agencies put forward the item well-bred speech as one of the conditions for employment of an applicant for the position can be also considered as a positive thing.
Gender differentiated anthroponyms in english language and their structural features
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kutsa Alina , Kolodina Larisa ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: March 2021

At the present stage of the development of linguistics, there is no single definition of the status of the genus category in English. The revision of the status of the category of the genus in English took place after the introduction of the concept of «gender» into linguistics, which contributed to the emergence of linguistic science – genderology. Thus, the grammatical category of the genus has been transformed into the linguistic and sociocultural category of gender. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the tendency of the development of anthroponymic systems, it is necessary to analyze the gender differences of personal names, considering separately and comparing the male and female anthroponymicon of language. Determining the status of the genus category is still problematic at the present stage of the development of linguistics in English language, as the grammatical category of the genus in English remains not accepted by many scholars. The article identifies and examines the gender indicators that were characteristic at different stages of the development of the anthroponymicon in English language. The research findings show that gender differentiation of personal names in English language was formed from the very beginning of the development of this system; therefore, it reflects the different ways of marking the gender affiliation of names that were characteristic at different stages of development of the anthroponymicon. In addition to the common anthroponymic suffixes, gender-particular indicators specific to English language only were identified. The results of the analysis revealed that the female anthroponymicon is more diverse than the male. Besides, in the article with the help analysis of gender differences in personal names was revealed the factors that have an impact on neutralization in the anthroponymic sphere in today's society. The analysis showed that in the anthroponymic system of English, the number of gender-indifferent personal names is 12 % of the total number of names analyzed. This result is quite natural and understandable from the point of view of the morphological structure of the language units and the absence of the category of the genus in English. The above material indicates that the genus of a personal name can be determined by correlating that name with its carrier and his or her biological article, although there are also a number of features by which its genus can be established. At the present stage of development of language and culture, there is a tendency to neutralize the gender differences of personal names. This is a testament to the exacerbation of gender equality importance and the erasure of gender frameworks and differences.
Language game as a means of linguistic anecdote organization
Authors:   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko, Pakhnenko Irina , Tielietova Svitlana ,   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko
Published: March 2021

The article discusses specific features of the anecdote as a speech genre, analyzes communicative-pragmatic principles of creating a comic effect in anecdotes based on the wordplay. It is noted that the concept of «anecdote», despite the fact that it is widely used in modern literary criticism and linguistics, does not have a single interpretation and a precise theoretical definition, which is explained by its genre uniqueness and complexity of a cognitive-pragmatic nature. It is emphasized that the most important part of the work of this genre is its finale, originally known to the narrator. It is the last climax phrase that contains the unexpected and unpredictable final semantic resolution that constitutes the anecdote as such. Among the features inherent in the actual anecdotal texts are: small volume, lack of authorship, reproducibility, indefinite chronotope, stereotypicality of plot schemes, relatively constant set of characters, ambivalence of the meaning of language units, intertextuality, situational functioning, etc. The dominant category of the anecdote text is minimalism, manifested in the choice of details, the number of heroes, laconic form, the volume of compositional components. It is stated that formation of the types of anecdotes took place along two lines: folk and literary. A modern anecdote, in contrast to the literary jokes of previous years, as a rule, is a speech genre, not a literary one, which determines its specificity. It is noted that anecdotes are divided into situational (subject, referential), in which the comic nature of the described situation is not related to the linguistic design, and language (linguistic), which are based on the playing out of certain linguistic phenomena. The comic effect in the latter is based on purely linguistic mechanisms and depends on the choice of the used speech means. An integral part of creating a comic effect in linguistic anecdotes is violation of certain norms, or incongruence, in the implementation of which the leading role is played by the language game. The game potential of phonetic, lexical, word-building, morphological and syntactic means, as well as precedent phenomena involved in speech works of this type are described. Particular attention is paid to punning outplaying of polysemy and various types of homonymy as one of the most popular means of creating a language joke. It is concluded that peculiarity of the game means, used for creating a humorous effect, lies in their function: they have an additional evaluative connotation, express different degrees of negative loading and take part in creating comic ambiguity in the statement.
Nominative priorities of modern city residents in the zoonomy area
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia National University, Sablina Svіtlana
Published: March 2021

The aim of the study is to find out the typology of priorities and motivations for naming pets in the modern Ukrainian urban environment based on the material of fellinonyms and kinonyms of the city of Zaporizhzhia. The zoonomy of the modern city resident has been developing gradually, and over the decades the motivational features in it could change: it was the similarity of objects and the commonality of their functions, and often quite random associations. Modern pets' names of Ukrainian city residents in terms of motivation are divided into two groups: nicknames, based on motivated names (for example, people's names); nicknames, which use occasionalisms and appellatives, which for the most part make it impossible to motivate the nickname and not to contain any indication of the features of these animals. However, in a third of the cases the pets’ owners still do not come up with occasionalisms, but use human names. In fact, there is a tendency to name pets by using the colloquial version of a human name, which is consistent with the household model of behaviour of city residents in relation to animals. By number, the largest subset of motivated pet names is those based on an anthroponym, which is the simplest and most unpretentious way to name an animal. Ukrainian city residents rarely give their pets names, based on the names of Ukrainian personalities or realities, which indicates that the nominative fashion on felinonyms and kinonyms has not been formed on the basis of specific onyms or appellatives, and due to the prevalence of Anglicism, it misses its chance to be formed. In the last 12-15 years, we have increasingly come across borrowed names (rarely surnames) that are motivating for cat or dog nicknames in Ukrainian cities, and most of them are borrowed from European languages. Modern urban zoonyms often have a dual function: identifying and characterizing: these include pet names, which are based on the animal's color, fur characteristics, size, physique features, the character and behaviour of the animal. Non-motivated nicknames of urban animals are most often based on «fashionable» appellatives (most often borrowed), one-syllable occasional nicknames formed by apheresis. In zoonomy, city residents create nominative precedents, relying on traditional language resources, the latest borrowings, creating occasionalisms that individualize the pet and reveal the urban identity of the owner.