bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN HIGIENE SANITASI DENGAN KEJADIAN INFEKSI Soil Transmitted Helminths PADA PEMULUNG DI TPS JATIBARANG
Authors: Setyowatiningsih Lilik , Surati Surati
Published: August 2018

SANITATION HYGIENE RELATIONSHIP WITH INFECTIONÂ  SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS OFÂ  SCAVENGERS IN TPS JATIBARANG. Worming often be found in all parts of Indonesia, especially in conditions of poor sanitation and lack of hygiene individually. A deworming still causes much of the population in Indonesia by the Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) is a group of intestinal nematode life cycle through the soil media. According to the Depkes, the prevalence of worm infection in 2006 for all ages in Indonesia between 40% -60%. The location of this research waste (TPS) in the Jatibarang region which is a central polling station in the city of Semarang with sanitary conditions of slums. The results of the study in 2005, known as much as 47.5% of scavengers in TPS Jatibarang experienced some worm infection and type of infection. Knowing the purpose of the research for sanitary hygiene related to infection Soil Transmitted Helminths TPS Jatibarang scavengers in the city of Semarang. Based on the research results, mainly scavengers TPS Jatibarang Semarang District has sanitation hygienic environment so well that the incidence of worm infection on a scavenger TPS Jatibarang 100% negative implemented. The data obtained are presented descriptive.
TINGKAT KEAMANAN MINUMAN INFUSED WATER DENGAN DIVERSIFIKASI PENYIMPANAN YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Surati Surati , Qomariah Nurul
Published: August 2018

Background: Water is one of the components required in human life. Three requirements of clean water in physics, chemical and bacteriological must have a raw quality requirements according to Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Infused Water beverages is water that has been given an extra piece of fruits that give the sensation of flavour and have much benefits for health. Infused Water became known and consumed by most people of Indonesia because the manufacturing process is very easy, using local fruits and have much benefits because it contains vitamins and minerals. The purpose of research is to determine the level of security of Infused Water beverages with different storage diversification and then matched with Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7388:2009. As for the benefits of this research is to be able to add a list of healthy and nutrition beverages.Â  Types of research: Experiment with a completely randomized design (RAL), data analysis to determine the effect of different storage towards security of Infused Water beverages then tested with normality of data using Shapiro Wilk. After the data have normal distribution then using Anova test. Research result: Sample code (AP, BP, CP, AD, BD, CD) of Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) examination qualified in Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) No. 01-3553-2006. There after do the estimators test, a confirmation test and Angka Paling Mungkin (APM) test that has been qualified in SNI 7388:2009. Conclusion: Examination result of Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) and Most Probable Number Coliform all samples comply the requirements of SNI, accordinglyInfused Water has been decent for consumption.
PENGARUH SARI BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi L) TERHADAP DAYA HAMBAT BAKTERI Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Sulistyani Wiji Irma , Sulwana Mita , W Fita Dwi , Rahmawati Elvi , Cahyaningtyas Nugraheni , Mahardika C N
Published: August 2018

negara berkembang. Beberapa penyakit infeksi yang juga disebabkan oleh Staphylococcus aureus.antara lain: bisul, jerawat, impetigo, dan infeksi luka. Dalam hal pelayanan kesehatan, obattradisional dapat menjadi bagian penting dari sistem kesehatan di negara manapun di dunia,karena obat tradisional lebih diterima secara budaya oleh masyarakat dibandingkan dengan obatkonvensional. Salah satu keanekaragaman hayati yang terdapat di Indonesia adalah belimbingwuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.). Buah belimbing wuluh mempunyai zak aktif flavonoid sebagai zatantibakterial. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui daya hambat sari belimbing wuluh(Averrrhoa bilimbi L) yang efektif terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Jenispenelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen (eksperimental research), Rancanganpenelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Ada pengaruh sari belimbingwuluh (Averrhoa billimbi L) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Padadiameter terkecil yaitu 9,41 mm (20%), diameter terbesar yaitu 16,45 mm (100%).
Odonate abundance and diversity in four selective spots of Chittagong University campus
Authors: Nasiruddin M , Barua A
Published: August 2018

The abundance and diversity of odonate fauna were studied in four selective spots of Chittagong University Campus, Chittagong, Bangladesh from August’2016 to July’2017. A total of 928 individuals of odonates under three families was collected during the study period from the four sampling sites. Out of 25 species identified one belonged to the family Gomphidae, 13 belonged to family Libellulidae and 11 belonged to family Coenagriidae. The abundance of odonate species was highest in July’17 (13.04%) and was lowest in December’16 (4.96%). Spot 2 was a hotspot for odonates as highest number (370) was collected from this spot. A total of 196, 188 and 174 individuals were collected from Spot 4, Spot 3 and Spot 1, respectively. The members of Libellulidae (472) were dominant followed by Coenagriidae (406) and lastly Gomphidae (50). Highest species richness (SR), species diversity (H′) and species evenness (J′) values were observed in the months of May’17 (1.56±0.08), May’17 (1.29±0.08) and December’16 (0.96±0.03), respectively. But lowest such values were observed in December’16 (0.96±0.05), November’16 (0.90±0.02) and May’17 (0.81±0.05), respectively. Amongst the spots, highest SR, H′ and J′, values were observed in Spot 4 (1.40±0.10), Spot 2 (1.22±0.05) and Spot 1 (0.93±0.02), respectively, whereas, lowest such values were observed in Spot 1 (1.02±0.08), Spot 1 (1.01±0.04) and Spot 4 (0.82±0.02), respectively. Ecological conditions and seasonal fluctuation had great impact on the abundance and diversity of odonates.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(1): 55-62
On-farm yield performance of improved varieties of vegetables in Sylhet region
Authors: Nazrul MI
Published: August 2018

A total of five separate field trials were conducted at farm farmers’ field in Sylhet area during three consecutive crops seasons of 2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17, respectively to evaluate the yield performance of improved varieties with the existing cultivars of five vegetables at farmers' field. Each experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. The unit plot size was 5m x 8m.The results showed that improved variety of tomato (var. BARI Tomato-14) produced higher average fruit (55.60 t ha-1) yield with the yield increase of 16.93% over control. In case of country bean, the local variety Goalgadda performed better and produced higher green pod yield (14.31 t ha-1) compared to that of BARI Sheem-6. The brinjal variety BARI Bt Begun-2 was the best yielder with an average fruit yield of 25.62 t ha-1 i.e. 107.62% increase over non-Bt as check. In case of yield trial with Capsicum, locally grown cultivar California Wonder performed better and produced comparatively higher yield (14.02 t ha-1) than var. BARI Mistimorich-1. In case of summer hyacinth bean viz., BARI Sheem-7 gave higher pod yield of 14.96 t ha-1 compared to that of the check variety (11.41 t ha-1) in researcher-managed trial.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 71-79 (2018)
Determination of multiple organochlorine pesticide residues in shrimp using modified QuEChERS extraction and gas chromatography
Authors: Prodhan MDH , Alam SN
Published: August 2018

Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in shrimp is very important to ensure the consumer’s safety and to fulfill the importer’s demand. Therefore, a simple and efficient multiple organochlorine pesticide residues analytical method using quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction technique and Gas Chromatography coupled with Electron Capture Detector (ECD) has been developed and validated for the determination of 19 organochlorine pesticides (α- BHC, δ- BHC, β- BHC, γ- BHC, Heptachlor, Aldrin, Heptachlor Epoxide, γ- Chlordane, α- Chlordane, α- Endosulfan, 4,4 DDE, Dieldrin, Endrin, 4,4 DDD, β- Endosulfan, 4,4 DDT, Endosulfan sulphate, Methoxychlor, and Endrin Ketone) in shrimp. The method was validated by evaluating the accuracy, precision, linearity, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The average recoveries of the selected pesticides ranged from 84% to 106% with RSDr ≤ 14% in four fortification levels of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg kg-1. The linearity was ≥ 0.996 for all of the selected pesticides with matrix matched calibration standards. The LOD ranged from 0.003 to 0.009 mg kg-1 and the LOQ was 0.05 mg kg-1. This method was applied successfully for the residue analysis of 40 shrimp samples collected from different regions in Bangladesh.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 81-93 (2018)
Nutritional values of minor carps
Authors: Paul BN , Bhowmick S , Chanda S , Sridhar N , Giri SS
Published: August 2018

The nutrient profile of five carps, viz. Labeo bata, Labeo calbasu, Labeo fimbriatus, Cirrhinus reba and Puntius javanicus were studied. The samples were collected from different geographical locations of West Bengal, Odisha and Karnataka states of India. The data on proximate composition reveal that the moisture and fat content differed significantly (P<0.01) among the carp species. The fat content is significantly (P<0.01) higher in P. javanicus, L. bata and L. calbasu compared to L. fimbriatus. However, the protein and ash content did not differ significantly among the carp species. The potassium and copper contents differed significantly (P<0.01) among the fish species. Both potassium and copper contents were significantly higher in L. bata. The calcium content was maximum in L. fimbriatus. The saturated fatty acid (SFA), mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) differed significantly (P<0.01) among all the carp species. The palmitic acid was significantly higher in L. fimbriatus, which is the predominant SFA. Among MUFA, the oleic acid was significantly higher in P. javanicus. The total MUFA was significantly (P<0.05) higher in C. reba. eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and total PUFA is significantly higher in L. bata. Among the essential amino acids, methionine was maximum in L. fimbriatus, P. javanicus and L. bata whereas in case of nonessential amino acids, the glutamic acid and aspartic acid were high in C. reba and L. calbasu. The gross energy content of the fish was higher in L. fimbriatus followed by C. reba and L. bata. The nutrient profile of these fish species reveal that they were rich in essential nutrients required for human healthSAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 215-231 (2018)
Socioeconomic analysis of hydroponic fodder production in selected areas of Bangladesh: prospects and challenges
Authors: Uddin MT , Dhar AR
Published: August 2018

The study was conducted to assess the prospects and challenges of hydroponic fodder production in Bangladesh. A total of 40 farmers were selected purposively from Kishoregonj and Jashore districts as sample for the study. A combination of descriptive, mathematical and statistical techniques was used to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that average household and farm size of the farmers were 5.0 persons and 0.48 hectare, respectively. Average annual income of the farmers was Tk. 92312, of which 56.1% income was from farming activities and 43.9% income was from non-farming activities. Majority of the technology adopting farmers (35.8% farmers) were within the late majority group. Profitability analysis showed that net return and benefit cost ratio of hydroponic fodder production were Tk. 5400 per decimal and 1.82, respectively. Farm size, farming experience, training and extension contact had significant impact on farmers’ adoption of hydroponic fodder production technology. Nutritional quality of fodder, high installation cost, medicinal value for human consumption and sensitivity to temperature were the major strength, weakness, opportunity and threat of hydroponic fodder, respectively. This fodder production technology is sustainable from the perspectives of energy use, environmental safety, economic viability and social/political equity. The study recommended that input support (especially seed), motivation, training programmes and extension services by different government and non-government organizations should be properly organized and implemented in town and water logging areas to raise the farmers’ awareness for the adoption of hydroponic fodder production technology.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 233-247 (2018)
Mini-Review of Intra-Stark X-ray Spectroscopy of Relativistic Laser–Plasma Interactions
Authors: Dalimier Elisabeth , Pikuz Tatiana A. , Angelo Paulo
Published: August 2018

Intra-Stark spectroscopy (ISS) is the spectroscopy within the quasi-static Stark profile of a spectral line. The present paper reviews the X-ray ISS-based studies recently advanced for the diagnostics of the relativistic laser–plasma interactions. By improving experiments performed on the Vulcan Petawatt (PW) laser facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), the simultaneous production of the Langmuir waves and of the ion acoustic turbulence at the surface of the relativistic critical density gave the first probe by ISS of the parametric decay instability (PDI) predicted by PIC simulations. The reliable reproducibility of the experimental signatures of PDI—i.e., the Langmuir-wave-induced dips—allowed measurements of the fields of the Langmuir and ion acoustic waves. The parallel theoretical study based on a rigorous condition of the dynamic resonance depending on the relative values of the ion acoustic and the Langmuir fields could explain the disappearance of the Langmuir dips as the Langmuir wave field increases. The ISS used for the diagnostic of the PDI process in relativistic laser–plasma interactions has reinforced the reliability of the spectral line shape while allowing for all broadening mechanisms. The results can be used for a better understanding of intense laser–plasma interactions and for laboratory modelling of physical processes in astrophysical objects.
Non-Local Parity Measurements and the Quantum Pigeonhole Effect
Authors: Paraoanu G. S.
Published: August 2018

The pigeonhole principle upholds the idea that by ascribing to three different particles either one of two properties, we necessarily end up in a situation when at least two of the particles have the same property. In quantum physics, this principle is violated in experiments involving postselection of the particles in appropriately-chosen states. Here, we give two explicit constructions using standard gates and measurements that illustrate this fact. Intriguingly, the procedures described are manifestly non-local, which demonstrates that the correlations needed to observe the violation of this principle can be created without direct interactions between particles.
Investment Strategy and Multi–Objective Optimization Scheme for Premium Power under the Background of the Opening of Electric Retail Side
Authors: Ma Yuanqian , Xiao Xianyong , Wang Ying
Published: August 2018

With the opening of electric retail side, premium power value-added service has become a main concern for both sensitive customers (SCs) and new electric retail companies (NERCs). However, due to the lack of appropriate investment strategy and optimal premium power investment scheme (PPIS) determination method, the premium power market is difficult to form, thus SCs’ demand for premium power is difficult to meet. Under such condition, how to determine the investment strategy and choose the optimal PPIS are problems that need to be solved. Motivated by this, this paper proposes a multi–participant premium power investment strategy and an optimal PPIS determination method. Suppose that the NERC and the corresponding SCs have already been determined, according to two–sided matching theory, taking SCs’ and NERC’s disappointment–rejoicing psychological perceptions into consideration, premium power perceived utility (PU) (i.e., the perceived effectiveness or satisfaction degree) can be obtained, and a multi-objective optimization model of investment scheme is established. Finally, a field survey has been conducted by the authors on typical high-tech manufacturers (HTMs) located in a High-Tech Park in Sichuan, China. The matching results have been verified by the actual survey. The proposed method is a good way to manage the premium power market.
Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sasahira Tomonori , Kirita Tadaaki
Published: August 2018

Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is the sixth leading malignancy worldwide. OSCC is an aggressive tumor and its prognosis has exhibited little improvement in the last three decades. Comprehensive elucidation of OSCC’s molecular mechanism is imperative for early detection and treatment, improving patient survival. Based on broadly accepted notions, OSCC arises from multiple genetic alterations caused by chronic exposure to carcinogens. In 2011, research revealed 10 key alterations fundamental to cancer cell development: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, avoiding immune destruction, activating invasion and metastasis, tumor-promoting inflammation, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, genome instability and mutation, resisting cell death, and deregulating energetics. This review describes molecular pathological findings on conventional and novel hallmarks of OSCC prognostic factors. In addition, the review summarizes the functions and roles of several molecules as novel OSCC prognosticators.
Metronidazole Causes Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Modulates Muscle Chronometabolism
Authors: Manickam Ravikumar , Oh Hui Yun Penny , Tan Chek Kun , Paramalingam Eeswari , Wahli Walter
Published: August 2018

Antibiotics lead to increased susceptibility to colonization by pathogenic organisms, with different effects on the host-microbiota relationship. Here, we show that metronidazole treatment of specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice results in a significant increase of the bacterial phylum Proteobacteria in fecal pellets. Furthermore, metronidazole in SPF mice decreases hind limb muscle weight and results in smaller fibers in the tibialis anterior muscle. In the gastrocnemius muscle, metronidazole causes upregulation of Hdac4, myogenin, MuRF1, and atrogin1, which are implicated in skeletal muscle neurogenic atrophy. Metronidazole in SPF mice also upregulates skeletal muscle FoxO3, described as involved in apoptosis and muscle regeneration. Of note, alteration of the gut microbiota results in increased expression of the muscle core clock and effector genes Cry2, Ror-β, and E4BP4. PPARγ and one of its important target genes, adiponectin, are also upregulated by metronidazole. Metronidazole in germ-free (GF) mice increases the expression of other core clock genes, such as Bmal1 and Per2, as well as the metabolic regulators FoxO1 and Pdk4, suggesting a microbiota-independent pharmacologic effect. In conclusion, metronidazole in SPF mice results in skeletal muscle atrophy and changes the expression of genes involved in the muscle peripheral circadian rhythm machinery and metabolic regulation.
Prenylated Flavonoids from Roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Induce Differentiation of B16-F10 Melanoma Cells
Authors: Zheng Yunfeng , Wang Huaiyou , Yang Min , Peng Guoping , Dong Tina Ting Xia , Xu Miranda Li , Tsim Karl Wah Keung
Published: August 2018

Roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis have been used as herbal medicine and natural sweetener. By activity-guided phytochemical investigation of the extracts from G. uralensis root, ten flavonoids, namely GF-1–GF-10, of which five were prenylated flavonoids, were found to show antiproliferative effects in melanoma B16-F10 cells. Three of the prenylated flavonoids, namely GF-1, GF-4 and GF-9, significantly induced the differentiation of B16-F10 cells; the inductions included increase of tyrosinase activity, tyrosinase protein, and melanin content. In GF-1 and GF-9 induced melanoma differentiation, the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK (mitogen activated potein kinase) was identified; while GF-4 could trigger the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Protein Kinase B) signaling. However, application of GF-6 to the melanoma cells did not induce differentiation; but which promoted cell apoptotic signaling, i.e., increase levels of cleaved-PRAP, cleaved-caspase 3, and cleaved-caspase 9. These results suggested that different types of prenylated flavonoids from G. uralensis might have potential anticancer effects against melanoma cells by acting through different signaling pathways.
Treatment of Invasive Candidiasis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ben-Ami Ronen
Published: August 2018

Invasive candidiasis occurs frequently in hospitalized patients, and is associated with high mortality rates due to delays in recognition and initiation of appropriate antifungals. Management of invasive candidiasis must take into account multiple host, pathogen, and drug-related factors, including the site of infection, host immune status, severity of sepsis, resistance and tolerance to antifungal agents, biofilm formation, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic considerations. Recent treatment directives have been shaped by the widespread introduction of echinocandins, highly potent and safe antifungals, into clinical use, as well as important changes in drug susceptibility patterns and the emergence of known and novel drug-resistant Candida species. Advances in molecular diagnostics have the potential to guide early targeted treatment of high-risk patients.
An In Vitro Estimation of the Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Root Extract from Leonurus sibiricus L. Overexpressing AtPAP1 against Different Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Sitarek Przemysław , Synowiec Ewelina , Kowalczyk Tomasz , Śliwiński Tomasz , Skała Ewa
Published: August 2018

As the current cancer treatment success rate is not sufficient, interest has grown in plants as possible sources of anti-cancer compounds. One such plant with a broad spectrum of activity is Lenourus sibiricus of the family Lamiaceae. This study investigates for the first time both the genotoxic and cytotoxic activities of TR (transformed) and AtPAP1 TR (with over-expression of transcriptional factor) root extracts of Lenourus sibiricus against various cancer cell lines (CCRF-CEM, K-562 and A549). Both tested extracts showed a cytotoxic effect on CCRF-CEM and K-562 cell lines, but strongest activity was observed for the AtPAP1 TR extract. No cytotoxic effect was observed against the A549 cell line in the tested concentration range, and it was found that both tested extracts may induce apoptosis by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential and inducing nDNA damage lesion in the TP53 region and mtDNA in ND1 (mitochondrially encoded NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 1) and ND5 (mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 5) regions in K-562 and CCRF-CEM. Our results confirmed that TR and AtPAP1 TR root extracts from L. sibiricus are cytotoxic and genotoxic against different model cell lines (CCRF-CEM and K-562). However, the observed genotoxicity of both extracts needs to be confirmed by additional studies. These preclinical observations support the use of L. sibiricus with other pharmacological purposes.
Suzuki-Type Cross-Coupling Reaction of Unprotected 3-Iodoindazoles with Pinacol Vinyl Boronate: An Expeditive C-3 Vinylation of Indazoles under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Vera Gonzalo , Diethelm Benjamín , Terraza Claudio A. , Recabarren-Gajardo Gonzalo
Published: August 2018

Herein we report an expeditive C-3 vinylation of unprotected 3-iodoindazoles under microwave irradiation. Ten C-5 substituted 3-vinylindazole derivatives, nine of them novel, were synthesized through this method, which proceeds in moderate to excellent yields starting from C-5 substituted 3-iodoindazole derivatives. In all cases, the C-3 vinylated derivative was the only isolated product. This methodology allows access to 3-vinylated indazoles selectively and directly without the need of N-protection. 3-Vinylindazoles could be interesting synthetic intermediates allowing access to biologically active molecules.
An Update on Protein, Leucine, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Vitamin D in the Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia and Functional Decline
Authors: Tessier Anne-Julie , Chevalier Stéphanie
Published: August 2018

Aging is associated with sarcopenia and functional decline, leading to frailty and disability. As a modifiable risk factor, nutrition may represent a target for preventing or postponing the onset of these geriatric conditions. Among nutrients, high-quality protein, leucine, vitamin D, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are of particular interest for their demonstrated effects on skeletal muscle health. This narrative review aims to examine the recent observational and interventional evidence on the associations and the role of these nutrients in the muscle mass, strength, mobility, and physical function of free-living older adults, who are either healthy or at risk of frailty. Recent evidence supports a higher protein intake recommendation of 1.0–1.2 g/kg/day in healthy older adults; an evenly distributed mealtime protein intake or minimal protein per meal may be beneficial. In addition, vitamin D supplementation of 800–1000 IU, particularly when vitamin D status is low, and doses of ~3 g/day of n-3 PUFA may be favorable for physical function, muscle mass, and strength. Reviewed studies are highly heterogenous, yet the quantity, quality, and timing of intakes should be considered when designing intervention studies. Combined protein, leucine, vitamin D, and n-3 PUFA supplements may convey added benefits and may represent an intervention strategy in the prevention of sarcopenia and functional decline.
An Audit of Australian Bread with a Focus on Loaf Breads and Whole Grain
Authors: Grafenauer Sara , Curtain Felicity
Published: August 2018

Bread is a vehicle for a range of nutrients within the Australian diet, but has been the target of negative press. The aim of this study was to examine bread products, particularly white, whole grain and gluten-free loaves, including nutrients, health claims and Health Star Rating (HSR). An audit of four supermarkets and a bakery franchise (2017) was compared with 2014 data. Median and range was calculated for whole grain content, dietary fibre, sodium, protein, carbohydrate and sugar. Of all breads (n = 456), 29% were eligible to make a whole grain claim with 27% very high in whole grain (≥24 g/serve), an 18% increase from 2014. Within loaves (n = 243), 40% were at least a source of whole grain (≥8 g/serve), 79% were at least a source of dietary fibre, 54% met the sodium reformulation target (≤400 mg/100 g), 78% were a ‘source’ and 20% were a ‘good source’ of protein (10 g/serve), and 97% were low in sugar. Despite significant differences between loaves for all nutrients assessed, HSR did not differ between white and whole grain varieties. Compared to 2014, there were 20 fewer white loaves and 20 additional whole grain loaves which may assist more Australians achieve the 48 g whole grain daily target intake.
Ethical Concerns in the Rise of Co-Authorship and Its Role as a Proxy of Research Collaborations
Authors: Kumar Sameer
Published: August 2018

Increasing specialization, changes in the institutional incentives for publication, and a host of other reasons have brought about a marked trend towards co-authored articles among researchers. These changes have impacted Science and Technology (S&T) policies worldwide. Co-authorship is often considered to be a reliable proxy for assessing research collaborations at micro, meso, and macro levels. Although co-authorship in a scholarly publication brings numerous benefits to the participating authors, it has also given rise to issues of publication integrity, such as ghost authorships and honorary authorships. The code of conduct of bodies such as the American Psychological Association (APA) and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) make it clear that only those who have significantly contributed to the study should be on the authorship list. Those who have contributed little have to be appropriately “acknowledged” in footnotes or in the acknowledgement section. However, these principles are sometimes transgressed, and a complete solution still remains elusive.
A Proof-of-Concept of Label-Free Biosensing System for Food Allergy Diagnostics in Biophotonic Sensing Cells: Performance Comparison with ImmunoCAP
Authors: Espinosa Rocio L. , Laguna María Fe , Fernández Fátima , Santamaria Beatriz , Sanza Francisco Javier , Maigler Maria Victoria , Álvarez-Millán Juan J. , Canalejas-Tejero Víctor , Holgado Miguel
Published: August 2018

Food allergy is a common disease worldwide with over 6% of the population (200–250 million people) suffering from any food allergy nowadays. The most dramatic increase seems to be happening in children and young people. Therefore, improvements in the diagnosis efficiency of these diseases are needed. Immunoglobulin type E (IgE) biomarker determination in human serum is a typical in vitro test for allergy identification. In this work, we used a novel biosensor based on label-free photonic transducers called BICELLs (Biophotonic Sensing Cells) for IgE detection. These BICELLs have a thin film of nitrocellulose over the sensing surface, they can be vertical optically interrogated, and are suitable for being integrated on a chip. The BICELLs sensing surface sizes used were 100 and 800 µm in diameter. We obtained calibration curves with IgE standards by immobilizating anti-IgE antibodies and identified with standard IgE calibrators in minute sample amounts (3 µL). The results, in similar assay format, were compared with commercially available ImmunoCAP®. The versatility of the interferometric nitrocellulose-based sensing surface was demonstrated since the limit of detections for BICELLs and ImmunoCAP® were 0.7 and 0.35 kU/L, respectively.
Indoor Visual Positioning Aided by CNN-Based Image Retrieval: Training-Free, 3D Modeling-Free
Authors: Chen Yujin , Chen Ruizhi , Liu Mengyun , Xiao Aoran , Wu Dewen , Zhao Shuheng
Published: August 2018

Indoor localization is one of the fundamentals of location-based services (LBS) such as seamless indoor and outdoor navigation, location-based precision marketing, spatial cognition of robotics, etc. Visual features take up a dominant part of the information that helps human and robotics understand the environment, and many visual localization systems have been proposed. However, the problem of indoor visual localization has not been well settled due to the tough trade-off of accuracy and cost. To better address this problem, a localization method based on image retrieval is proposed in this paper, which mainly consists of two parts. The first one is CNN-based image retrieval phase, CNN features extracted by pre-trained deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) from images are utilized to compare the similarity, and the output of this part are the matched images of the target image. The second one is pose estimation phase that computes accurate localization result. Owing to the robust CNN feature extractor, our scheme is applicable to complex indoor environments and easily transplanted to outdoor environments. The pose estimation scheme was inspired by monocular visual odometer, therefore, only RGB images and poses of reference images are needed for accurate image geo-localization. Furthermore, our method attempts to use lightweight datum to present the scene. To evaluate the performance, experiments are conducted, and the result demonstrates that our scheme can efficiently result in high location accuracy as well as orientation estimation. Currently the positioning accuracy and usability enhanced compared with similar solutions. Furthermore, our idea has a good application foreground, because the algorithms of data acquisition and pose estimation are compatible with the current state of data expansion.
Analysis of Water, Ethanol, and Fructose Mixtures Using Nondestructive Resonant Spectroscopy of Mechanical Vibrations and a Grouping Genetic Algorithm
Authors: García Díaz Pilar , Martínez Rojas Juan , Utrilla Manso Manuel , Monasterio Expósito Leticia
Published: August 2018

A new haptic sensor that is based on vibration produced by mechanical excitation from a clock coupled to a resonant cavity is presented. This sensor is intended to determine the chemical composition of liquid mixtures in a completely non-destructive method. In this case, a set of 23 samples of water, ethanol, and fructose mixtures has been used to simulate different kinds of alcoholic beverage. The spectral information from the vibrational absorption bands of liquid samples is analyzed by a Grouping Genetic Algorithm. An Extreme Learning Machine implements the fitness function that is able to classify the mixtures according to the concentration of ethanol and fructose. The 23 samples range from 0%–13% by volume of ethanol and from 0–3 g/L of fructose, all of them with different concentration. The new technique achieves an average classification accuracy of 96%.
Conducting Patient Interviews Within a Clinical Trial Setting
Authors: DiBenedetti Dana B. , Brown T. Michelle , Romano Carla , Ervin Claire , Lewis Sandy , Fehnel Sheri
Published: August 2018

Qualitative data centered on patients’ experiences and perspectives typically go uncollected in clinical trial settings. Yet patients’ treatment experiences offer complementary insights and context on topics such as disease management, treatment gaps, and previous treatments outside of those gathered in traditional patient-reported outcome questionnaires. Qualitative interviews can capture patients’ perceptions of treatment needs, more fully explore meaningful changes experienced as a result of treatment, and reveal outcomes that are most important to patients. Asking patients detailed questions can provide insight into the “why” of a patient’s expressed thought or feeling. The inclusion of patient interviews within clinical trials is a relatively new and evolving field of research. This article delineates the types of data that may be collected during interviews with clinical trial participants and outlines two approaches to conducting qualitative research in the clinical trial setting, with a focus on maximizing the value of the resulting data.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TAIWANESE INTERNATIONAL TOURIST HOTELS: EVIDENCE FROM A MODIFIED NDEA MODEL WITH ICA TECHNIQUE
Authors: Chiu Sheng-Hsiung , Lin Tzu-Yu
Published: August 2018

The motivation for this study is to assess the managerial performance in Taiwanese international tourist hotels based on the two-stage NDEA performance mechanism with ICA technique for enhancing the discriminatory power of performance evaluation model. The two-stage managerial performance structure is applied, incorporating the service production and service operation stages, as a reduced form to introduce the relatively complex business environment of modern enterprise. However, we have need to be considerable of dimensionality curse problem in NDEA performance model. A modified NDEA-based evaluation model, therefore, is proposed to integrate the network slacks-based measure (NSBM) with a dimensional reduction technique, the independent component analysis (ICA). The results indicate that the performance of the profit dimension significantly hampers operational performance, and that both regulators and managers must adjust their market orientation business strategy. Moreover, compared with the NSBM model, this modified ICA-NSBM performance model has a high discriminatory ability to measure the relative performance of the selected hotels.
STRATEGIC SIGNALING AND NEW TECHNOLOGICALLY SUPERIOR PRODUCT INTRODUCTION: A GAME-THEORETIC MODEL WITH SIMULATION
Authors: Tavana Madjid , Caprio Debora Di , Santos-Arteaga Francisco J.
Published: August 2018

User acceptance of technology is essential to determine its success. The current paper incorporates the main properties of the technology acceptance models (TAMs) developed by management scholars into a pre-commitment signaling duopolistic framework, where two competing firms must decide the level of technological improvement of the products being introduced. As a result, the corresponding equilibria of the duopolistic technological games will be determined by demand-based factors, providing a novel approach and complementing the current supply-based economic and operational research models developed in the literature. The proposed model will be simulated numerically to illustrate the strategic optimality of the update process of smartphone and tablet characteristics defined by Apple and Samsung as the market developed.
The Clusters Hiding in Plain Sight (CHiPS) Survey: A First Discovery of a Massive Nearby Cluster around PKS 1353−341
Authors: Somboonpanyakul Taweewat , McDonald Michael , Lin Henry W. , Stalder Brian , Stark Antony
Published: August 2018

We introduce the first result of the Clusters Hiding in Plain Sight (CHiPS) survey, which aims to discover new nearby massive galaxy clusters that were incorrectly identified as isolated point sources in the ROSAT All-sky Survey. We present a Chandra X-ray observation of our first newly discovered low-redshift (z = 0.223) galaxy cluster with a central X-ray bright point source, PKS 1353−341. After removing the point source contribution to the cluster core (L
nuc ∼ 1.8 × 1044 erg s−1), we determine various properties of the cluster. The presence of a relaxed X-ray morphology, a central temperature drop, and a central cooling time around 400 Myr indicates that it is a strong cool-core cluster. The central galaxy appears to be forming stars at the rate of 6.2 ± 3.6 M
⊙ yr−1, corresponding to ∼1% of the classical cooling prediction. The supermassive black hole in the central galaxy appears to be accreting at ∼0.1% of the Eddington rate with a total power output of ∼5 × 1045 erg s−1, split nearly equally between radiative and mechanical power. We see weak evidence of localized excess entropy at a radius of 200 kpc, which, if true, could imply a recent (∼180 Myr) energetic outburst in the core that has risen buoyantly to a larger radius. Comparing the cluster’s bulk properties with those of other known clusters (e.g., the total mass M
500 is

, and the bolometric X-ray luminosity L
X is 7 × 1044 erg s−1), we show that this cluster, which is massive enough that it was detected (but not confirmed) by the Planck survey, is also sufficiently luminous that it would have been identified as a cluster in the ROSAT All-sky Survey if it did not have such a bright central point source. This discovery demonstrates the potential of the CHiPS survey to find massive nearby clusters with extreme central properties that may have been missed or misidentified by previous surveys.
On the Origin of Early Solar System Radioactivities: Problems with the Asymptotic Giant Branch and Massive Star Scenarios
Authors: Vescovi D. , Busso M. , Palmerini S. , Trippella O. , Cristallo S. , Piersanti L. , Chieffi A. , Limongi M. , Hoppe P. , Kratz K.-L.
Published: August 2018

Recent improvements in stellar models for intermediate-mass stars and massive stars (MSs) are recalled, together with their expectations for the synthesis of radioactive nuclei of lifetimes τ ≲ 25 Myr, in order to re-examine the origins of now extinct radioactivities that were alive in the solar nebula. The Galactic inheritance broadly explains most of them, especially if r-process nuclei are produced by neutron star merging, according to recent models. Instead, 26Al, 41Ca, 135Cs, and possibly 60Fe require nucleosynthetic events close to the solar formation. We outline the persisting difficulties to account for these nuclei by intermediate-mass stars (2 ≲ M/M
⊙ ≲ 7–8). Models of their final stages now predict the ubiquitous formation of a 13C reservoir as a neutron capture source; hence, even in the presence of 26Al production from deep mixing or hot bottom burning, the ratio 26Al/107Pd remains incompatible with measured data, with a large excess in 107Pd. This is shown for two recent approaches to deep mixing. Even a late contamination by an MS encounters problems. In fact, the inhomogeneous addition of supernova debris predicts nonmeasured excesses on stable isotopes. Revisions invoking specific low-mass supernovae and/or the sequential contamination of the presolar molecular cloud might be affected by similar problems, although our conclusions here are weakened by our schematic approach to the addition of SN ejecta. The limited parameter space that remains to be explored for solving this puzzle is discussed.
Balmer-dominated Shocks Exclude Hot Progenitors for Many Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Woods T. E. , Ghavamian P. , Badenes C. , Gilfanov M.
Published: August 2018

The evolutionary mechanism underlying Type Ia supernova explosions remains unknown. However, recent efforts to constrain progenitor models based on the influence that their high energy emission would have on the interstellar medium within galaxies have proven successful. For individual remnants, Balmer-dominated shocks reveal the ionization state of hydrogen in the immediately surrounding gas. Here, we report deep upper limits on the temperature and luminosity of the progenitors of four Type Ia remnants with associated Balmer filaments: SN 1006, 0509-67.5, 0519-69.0, and DEM L71. For SN 1006, existing observations of helium-line emission in the diffuse emission ahead of the shock provide an additional constraint on the helium ionization state in the vicinity of the remnant. Using the photoionization code Cloudy, we show that these constraints exclude any hot, luminous progenitor for SN 1006, including stably hydrogen or helium nuclear-burning white dwarfs (WD), as well as any Chandrasekhar-mass WD accreting matter at ≳9.5 × 10−8
M
⊙ yr−1 via a disk. For 0509-67.5, the Balmer emission alone rules out any such WD accreting ≳1.4 × 10−8
M
⊙ yr−1. For 0519-69.0 and DEM L71, the inferred ambient ionization state of hydrogen is only weakly in tension with a recently hot, luminous progenitor, and cannot be distinguished from, e.g., a relatively higher local Lyman continuum background, without additional line measurements. Future deep spectroscopic observations will resolve this ambiguity, and can either detect the influence of any luminous progenitor or rule out the same for all resolved SN Ia remnants.
Predictors of Visual Acuity Outcomes Following Vitrectomy for Idiopathic Macular Hole
Authors: Amram Alec L. , Mandviwala Murtaza M. , Ou William C. , Wykoff Charles C. , Shah Ankoor R.
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To investigate predictors of visual outcomes in patients who underwent vitrectomy for full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) with at least 1 year of follow-up.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective, noncomparative, consecutive case series of 132 eyes of 122 patients who underwent surgical repair of idiopathic FTMH with at least 1 year of follow-up. Predictors of visual acuity (VA) outcomes were analyzed using linear regression.

RESULTS:

Mean follow-up time was 22.2 months. Twenty-three eyes (17.4%) had age-related macular degeneration (AMD), of which 17 (73.9%) cases were mild and nonexudative. At final follow-up, poor preoperative VA (
P
< .001), perioperative complications (
P
< .001), AMD (
P
< .001), and delay from preoperative evaluation to surgery (
P
= .037) were significant predictors of final VA. In multiple regression, these variables remained significant (
P
< .001,
P
= .011,
P
< .001, and
P
= .002, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

Poor preoperative VA, perioperative complications, AMD, and delay to surgery were significant predictors of final VA following FTMH repair.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:566–570.]
First-Operated and Fellow Eyes With Bilateral Idiopathic Macular Hole: Comparison of Anatomical and Functional Postoperative Outcomes
Authors: Hocaoglu Mumin , Muslubas Isil Sayman , Ersoz M. Giray , Arf Serra , Karacorlu Murat
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To report anatomical and functional outcomes of surgery in each of the eyes in cases of bilateral macular hole (MH).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

The anatomical and functional results for 42 patients with bilateral idiopathic MH were evaluated retrospectively. First-operated and fellow eyes were compared at various time points for preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes.

RESULTS:

Anatomical success was achieved in all patients after a single operation, and no reopening of an initially closed MH was observed during the follow-up period. There was a statistically significant difference between the first and fellow eyes in mean postoperative logMAR visual acuity (VA) (
P
= .048). Fellow eyes had better postoperative VA, lower rates of ellipsoid zone, and interdigitation zone disruption, and none of the fellow eyes had external limiting membrane disruption at any time after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although anatomical success can be achieved in both eyes after successful surgery, early detection and treatment of fellow eyes is associated with better postoperative VA. The reason for a better outcome in the fellow eye is related to the lower photoreceptor impairment rate because of the earlier stage of the hole.

[

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:571–578.

]
Prediction of Visual Acuity After Cataract Surgery Using Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Eyes With Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Mao Jianbo , Fang Dong , Chen Yiqi , Tao Jiwei , Wu Mengai , Wu Sulan , Wang Pengfei , Zhang Yun , Shen Lijun
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the predictive factors of visual acuity (VA) after cataract surgery in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective, observational study. The authors reviewed a consecutive series of 70 patients (109 eyes) with RP who underwent cataract surgery. The changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and 3 months after surgery were measured. The relationship between preoperative ellipsoid zone (EZ) conditions, external limiting membrane (ELM) conditions, central macular thickness (CMT), and postoperative BCVA were investigated.

RESULTS:

The mean BCVA was significantly improved after cataract surgery from 0.80 to 0.45 (
P
< .001). However, final BCVA did not improve in 57 eyes (52.3%). The mean postoperative BCVA was significantly better in eyes with an intact ELM than those without (
P
< .001), in eyes with an intact EZ than those without (
P
< .001), and in eyes with relatively normal CMT (≥ 200 μm) than those with decreased CMT (< 200 μm) (
P
< .001). In multiple linear regression analysis, preoperative logMAR VA (
P
< .001), ELM integrity (
P
< .001), and CMT (
P
= .017) remained the only three variables that were associated significiantly with postoperative BCVA (R
2
= 0.753;
P
< .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Postoperative BCVA in approximately half of the eyes was improved after cataract surgery in patients with RP. The preoperative BCVA and the status of ELM and CMT are important parameters to predict postoperative VA.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:587–594.]