bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of functionalized carbon nanotube on cement mortar: From experiment to DFT research
Authors: Wei Lin , Liu GuiLi , Wang JiaXin , Yang ZhongHua , Zhang GuoYing
Published: April 2024

In this paper, functionalized nanotube-reinforced cementitious composites were prepared, and the mechanical property test results showed that the 28d flexural strength of the composite was increased by 41.58% at a hydroxylated carbon nanotube mass fraction of 0.08[Formula: see text]wt.% compared to the original cement mortar. Carboxylated carbon nanotubes with a mass fraction of 0.02%, on the other hand, increased the 28d compressive strength by 99.12%. Probing the effect of the presence of functional groups on carbon nanotubes on the CNT/C–S–H interface by first principles. The results showed that the shear strengths (11.392[Formula: see text]MPa and 14.130[Formula: see text]MPa) of hydroxylated carbon nanotubes and plain carbon nanotubes at the interface with cementitious (CNT-OH/CSH and CNT/CSH) were lower than the shear strengths (21.584[Formula: see text]MPa) of carboxylated carbon nanotubes at the interface with cementitious (CNT-COOH/CSH). The adsorption of functional groups on carbon nanotubes changes the electron distribution on the surface of carbon nanotubes. The introduction of carboxyl groups exacerbates the charge transfer between carbon nanotubes and cementitious groups and promotes the generation of solid chemical bonds. This is the reason that carboxylated nanotubes added as reinforcement to cement mortar give better strength to the composite than hydroxylated nanotubes.
Modern technique to study Cauchy-type problem of fractional variable order differential equations with infinite delay via phase space
Authors: Benaouda Marwa , Sabit Souhila , Günerhan Hatıra , Souid Mohammed Said
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we use a novel approach to study the existence, uniqueness, and stability of solutions (EUSS) to a Cauchy-type problem of nonlinear fractional differential equations (FrDiEq) of variable order with infinite delay (CPNFDEVOID). Contrary to the techniques taken in the literature, which were centered on the usage of the concept of generalized intervals and the idea of piecewise constant functions, our approach is straightforward and based on a novel fractional operator that is more appropriate and demonstrates the solvability and stability of the main problem under less restrictive presumptions. The results are achieved in this paper by using Fixed Point Theory (FPT). The application, which includes an example and supporting images, concludes the paper.
The inverse problem for a class of implicit differential equations and the coisotropic embedding theorem
Authors: Schiavone L.
Published: April 2024

We carry on the approach used in [L. Schiavone, The inverse problem within free Electrodynamics and the coisotropic embedding theorem, Inter. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys. 21(7) (2024) 2450131] to provide a solution for the inverse problem of the calculus of variations for Maxwell equations in vacuum and we provide an abstract theory including all implicit differential equations that can be formulated in terms of vector fields over pre-symplectic manifolds.
Study of acoustic thin-shell wormholes with different types of matter distributions
Authors: Fatima Ghulam , Javed Faisal , Waseem Arfa , Mustafa Ghulam , Tchier Fairouz
Published: April 2024

The development and stability of acoustic thin-shell wormholes (WHs) within the context of acoustic black holes are examined in this paper. Utilizing linearized radial perturbations, the stability of these WHs is examined. In this study, a variety of equations of state are taken into account, including barotropic, variable Chaplygin, and phantom-like equations of state. According to the findings, the acoustic black hole structure has an unstable configuration for barotropic fluid. However, as the parameter [Formula: see text] gets closer to zero, it does not show any stable or unstable configurations at the event horizon position. For higher values of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the resulting structure for the phantom-like variable equation of state (EoS) displays stable behavior away from the horizon while presenting unstable configurations close to the event horizon. The possibility of a stable structure rises as [Formula: see text] is increased. Additionally, the constructed structure exhibits stable behavior for [Formula: see text] under extreme acoustic black holes, whereas thin-shell topologies demonstrate unstable behavior outside the event horizon for the generalized Chaplygin variable EoS. However, the structure stabilizes for [Formula: see text] at higher values of [Formula: see text]. The stability of acoustic thin-shell WHs is higher than that of Schwarzschild thin-shell WHs for smaller values of [Formula: see text], indicating that the acoustic black hole parameter greatly influences the stable configurations of thin-shell WHs.
CULTURAL NORMS AND THEIR EFFECT ON ENTREPRENEURIAL ENDEAVORS: PERSPECTIVES FROM BANGLADESH
Authors: CHOWDHURY EMON KALYAN
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the effect of traditional practices and cultural norms on entrepreneurship and business success in Bangladesh. Using a constructive survey questionnaire, data was collected from 172 businesspersons. Factor analysis and regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The findings highlight that traditional family structures, gender roles, social hierarchies and traditional business networks significantly influence entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. These factors can either enable or hinder entrepreneurial activities, access to resources and funding, and decision-making processes. The study also identifies challenges faced by entrepreneurs because of traditional practices and cultural norms, such as limited resources for female entrepreneurs and barriers to fair competition. Based on the findings, implications are drawn for policy development, programming within educational institutions and entrepreneurial practice.
The Fast Recurrent Subspace on an N-Level Quantum Energy Transport Model
Authors: Bolaños-Servín Jorge R. , Rios-Cangas Josué I. , Uribe Alfredo
Published: April 2024

The fast recurrent subspace (the biggest support of all invariant states) of a weak coupling limit type quantum Markov semigroup modeling a quantum transport open system of [Formula: see text]-energy levels is determined. This is achieved by characterizing the structure of all the invariant states and their spectra in terms of a natural generalization of the discrete Fourier transform operator. Finally, the attraction domains and long-time behaviour of the evolution are studied on hereditary subalgebras where faithful invariant states exist.
Hybrid interior ideals in left regular AG-groupoids
Authors: Meenakshi S. , Elavarasan B. , Jun Y. B.
Published: April 2024

The fuzzy set is a great tool for dealing with indeterminacy that can be clearly and effectively analyzed from the decision-maker’s viewpoint, and it is highly helpful for revealing people’s hesitations in their everyday interactions. In order to address practical issues, soft set theory has recently been created. The hybrid structures were developed by Jun et al. by merging the fuzzy and soft sets. Hybrid structures are soft set and fuzzy set speculations. In this paper, hybrid interior ideals in left regular [Formula: see text]-groupoids are characterized, and certain significant properties in various areas are also examined. Moreover, we establish the basic principles of an [Formula: see text]-groupoid in hybrid interior (respectively, right, left, two-sided) ideals.
The erosional and weathering response to arc–continent collision in New Guinea
Authors: Clift Peter D. , Du Yifan , Mohtadi Mahyar , Pahnke Katharina , Sutorius Mika , Böning Philipp
Published: April 2024

Arc–continent collision is a fundamental stage in the plate-tectonic cycle that allows the continental crust to grow and can influence global climate through chemical weathering. Collision between Australia and the oceanic North Coast Range–New Britain Arc began in the Middle Miocene, resulting in uplift of the modern New Guinea Highlands. The temporal evolution of this collision and its erosional and weathering impacts is reconstructed here using sedimentary archives from the Gulf of Papua. Sr and Nd isotopes show dominant erosion from igneous arc-ophiolite crust, accounting for
c
. 40–70% of the total flux in the Early Miocene, and rising to
c
. 80–90% at 8 Ma, before falling again to 72–83% by the present day. Greater erosion from Australia-derived units accelerated in the Pliocene, like the classic Taiwan collision but with greater erosion from arc rather than continental units. Chemical alteration of the sediment increased through time, especially since
c
. 5 Ma, consistent with increasing kaolinite indicative of more tropical weathering. Erosion was focused in the high topography where mafic arc units are preferentially exposed. Comparison of sediment with bedrock compositions implies that the source terrains have been more efficient at removing CO
2
from the atmosphere compared with Himalayan drainages.

Supplementary material
: Details of analytical conditions, analytical results and compositions compiled from the GEOROC database are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.7168147
MR-Scout: Automated Synthesis of Metamorphic Relations from Existing Test Cases
Authors: Xu Congying , Terragni Valerio , Zhu Hengcheng , Wu Jiarong , Cheung Shing-Chi
Published: April 2024

Metamorphic Testing (MT) alleviates the oracle problem by defining oracles based on metamorphic relations (MRs) that govern multiple related inputs and their outputs. However, designing MRs is challenging, as it requires domain-specific knowledge. This hinders the widespread adoption of MT. We observe that developer-written test cases can embed domain knowledge that encodes MRs. Such encoded MRs could be synthesized for testing not only their original programs but also other programs that share similar functionalities.

In this article, we propose
MR-Scout
to automatically synthesize MRs from test cases in open-source software (OSS) projects.
MR-Scout
first discovers MR-encoded test cases (MTCs), and then synthesizes the encoded MRs into parameterized methods (called
codified MRs
), and filters out MRs that demonstrate poor quality for new test case generation.
MR-Scout
discovered over 11,000 MTCs from 701 OSS projects. Experimental results show that over 97% of codified MRs are of high quality for automated test case generation, demonstrating the practical applicability of
MR-Scout
. Furthermore, codified-MRs-based tests effectively enhance the test adequacy of programs with developer-written tests, leading to 13.52% and 9.42% increases in line coverage and mutation score, respectively. Our qualitative study shows that 55.76% to 76.92% of codified MRs are easily comprehensible for developers.
Toward Few-Label Vertical Federated Learning
Authors: Zhang Lei , Fu Lele , Liu Chen , Yang Zhao , Yang Jinghua , Zheng Zibin , Chen Chuan
Published: April 2024

Federated Learning (FL) provides a novel paradigm for privacy-preserving machine learning, enabling multiple clients to collaborate on model training without sharing private data. To handle multi-source heterogeneous data, Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) has been extensively investigated. However, in the context of VFL, the label information tends to be kept in one authoritative client and is very limited. This poses two challenges for model training in the VFL scenario. On the one hand, a small number of labels cannot guarantee to train a well VFL model with informative network parameters, resulting in unclear boundaries for classification decisions. On the other hand, the large amount of unlabeled data is dominant and should not be discounted, and it is worthwhile to focus on how to leverage them to improve representation modeling capabilities. To address the preceding two challenges, we first introduce supervised contrastive loss to enhance the intra-class aggregation and inter-class estrangement, which is to deeply explore label information and improve the effectiveness of downstream classification tasks. Then, for unlabeled data, we introduce a pseudo-label-guided consistency mechanism to induce the classification results coherent across clients, which allows the representations learned by local networks to absorb the knowledge from other clients, and alleviates the disagreement between different clients for classification tasks. We conduct sufficient experiments on four commonly used datasets, and the experimental results demonstrate that our method is superior to the state-of-the-art methods, especially in the low-label rate scenario, and the improvement becomes more significant.
Predicting Invasiveness of Lung Adenocarcinoma at Chest CT with Deep Learning Ternary Classification Models
Authors: Pan Zhengsong , Hu Ge , Zhu Zhenchen , Tan Weixiong , Han Wei , Zhou Zhen , Song Wei , Yu Yizhou , Song Lan , Jin Zhengyu
Published: April 2024

Performance of deep learning models for predicting preinvasive, minimally invasive, or invasive adenocarcinoma was improved by combining binary and ternary classification models for predicting invasiveness and adjudication of discordant classification.
Use of an AI Score Combining Cancer Signs, Masking, and Risk to Select Patients for Supplemental Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Liu Yue , Sorkhei Moein , Dembrower Karin , Azizpour Hossein , Strand Fredrik , Smith Kevin
Published: April 2024

AISmartDensity, an artificial intelligence (AI)–based score combining cancer signs, masking, and risk AI models, outperformed density models in selecting patients who could benefit from supplemental imaging for breast cancer.
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with the Psychological Maltreatment and Neglect of Child Laborers in Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Ahad Md. Abdul , Parry Yvonne Karen , Willis Eileen , Ullah Shahid
Published: April 2024

Globally, child labor and maltreatment are considered serious public health concerns. Many child laborers in the informal sector are subjected to psychological abuse and neglect that is often akin to slavery. Our study examined the prevalence of these two forms of maltreatment among child laborers in rural Bangladesh, as well as the associated risk factors. Based on the snowball sampling technique, this study surveyed 100 child laborers employed in agricultural and domestic work in rural areas of the Sunamganj district, Bangladesh. The structured questionnaire utilizes the ICAST‐CH instrument. To analyze the data, both simple and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using two statistical software packages, SPSS and STATA. The study concluded that more than half of the child laborers have experienced psychological maltreatment “sometimes” in the form of being screamed at and insulted over the past year. In the past year, over 40% of respondents indicated they were “sometimes” deprived of food and drink and were not well cared for when they became ill. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that parents of psychologically maltreated child laborers had low educational backgrounds. A higher risk of neglect was observed among child laborers who worked for extended hours for their employers and whose families possessed limited land. In spite of the high prevalence of psychological maltreatment and neglect of child laborers in Bangladesh, the issue appears to be ignored. More comprehensive and rigorous scientific studies are required to bring about policy change.
A Precrash Scenario Analysis Comparing Safety Performance across Autonomous Vehicle Driving Modes
Authors: Wang Tao , Chen Juncong , Li Wenyong , Chen Jun , Ye Xiaofei
Published: April 2024

Precrash scenario analysis for autonomous vehicles (AVs) is critical for improving the safety of autonomous driving, yet the scenario differences between different driving modes are unexplored. Using the precrash scenario typology of the USDOT, this study classified 484 AV crash reports from the California DMV from 2018 to 2022, revealing the differences in the scenario proportions of the three modes of autonomous driving, driving takeover, and conventional driving in 34 types of scenarios. The results showed that there were significant differences in the proportion of six scenarios such as “Lead AV stopped” and “Lead AV decelerating” among different driving modes (p < 0.05). To analyze the relative risk of different driving modes in specific scenarios, an evaluation model of the risk level of AV precrash scenarios was established using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The findings indicated that ​ autonomous driving has the highest risk rating and poses the greatest danger in Scenario 1, while conventional driving is associated with Scenario 2b, and driving takeover corresponds to Scenario 3, respectively. In‐depth analysis of the crash characteristics and causes of these three typical scenarios was conducted, and suggestions were made from the perspectives of autonomous driving system (ADS) and drivers to reduce the severity of crashes. This study compared precrash scenarios of AV by different driving modes, providing references for the optimization of ADS and the safety of human‐machine codriving.
Rootstocks for Grapevines Now and into the Future: Selection of Rootstocks Based on Drought Tolerance, Soil Nutrient Availability, and Soil pH
Authors: Chen Yipeng , Fei Yanan , Howell Kate , Chen Deli , Clingeleffer Peter , Zhang Pangzhen
Published: April 2024

Rootstocks are used in viticulture to manage plant pests and diseases, particularly phylloxera and root-knot nematodes, and to improve grape and wine production. A wide range of rootstocks are commercially available, making selecting the optimal rootstock a difficult decision. In particular, distinct rootstock genotypes may manifest varying degrees of tolerance or resistance to abiotic stress, necessitating meticulous consideration during the rootstock selection process. This article reviews characteristics of various commercial rootstocks, as well as rootstocks being developed in recent years. This review further discusses responses of rootstocks to drought, soil nutrients, and soil pH. This review mainly focuses on influence of rootstocks on physiology characteristics of grafted scions rather than berry yield and quality. The breadth of this review benefits both researchers and practitioners by providing comprehensive summery of rootstocks to inform selection and to guide future research.
Gait Assessment in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy
Authors: Llauradó Arnau , Quintana Manuel , Gratacós-Viñola Margarita , Vidal-Taboada Jose Manuel , Restrepo-Vera Juan Luis , Alemañ José , López-Diego Verónica , Salvadó Maria , Sanchez-Tejerina Daniel , Sotoca Javier , Raguer Núria , Juntas-Morales Raul
Published: April 2024

Background and Aims. Gait impairment is a common manifestation of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). However, clinicians lack an effective monitoring tool, as no gait test has been validated for CIDP. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of three tests in monitoring the clinical course of patients with CIDP: Timed Up and Go (TUG), 10‐Meter Walk Test (10MWT), and 30‐Second Chair Stand (30SCS). Methods. This is a prospective, single‐center observational study. We included newly diagnosed CIDP patients starting treatment or relapsed CIDP patients requiring new treatment. We monitored the clinical course using CIDP‐validated clinical scales and correlated changes in clinical status with the results of the gait tests. A ROC curve was developed, and we chose the cut‐off point on each scale with the best specificity and sensitivity to detect change in clinical status. Results. A total of 20 patients have been recruited. The 3 tests show a statistical correlation with objective clinical improvement. In patients who have showed clinical improvement during the follow‐up examination, a mean reduction of 4.8 seconds in TUG and 2.6 in 10MWT and a gain of 3 repetitions in 30SCS have been observed. The optimal cut‐off points for each test were TUG ≤ 1 seconds, 10MWT ≤ 1 seconds, and 30SCS ≥ 1 repetition. The TUG test has the highest sensitivity (82.6%), and the 30SCS test has the highest specificity (100%) for detecting clinical improvement. Conclusions. The study found that the TUG and 30SCS tests could become effective tools for monitoring treatment response in CIDP patients.
Internet of Things (IoT) of Smart Homes: Privacy and Security
Authors: Magara Tinashe , Zhou Yousheng
Published: April 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) constitutes a sophisticated network that interconnects devices, optimizing functionality across various domains of human activity. Recent literature projections anticipate a significant increase, with estimates exceeding 50 billion connected devices by 2025. Despite its transformative potential, the IoT landscape confronts formidable privacy and security challenges, encompassing intricate issues such as data acquisition, anonymization, retention, sharing practices, and behavioural profiling. Effectively addressing these challenges mandates the development of scalable solutions, innovative management strategies, and adaptable policy frameworks. In this paper, we conduct an exhaustive examination of major IoT applications, alongside associated privacy and security concerns. We systematically categorize prevalent privacy, security, and interoperability issues within the context of the IoT layered architecture. The review highlights current research initiatives focused on developing energy-efficient devices, optimizing microprocessors, and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations to address the challenges in the IoT landscape. To efficaciously manage risks in this dynamic landscape, stakeholders must implement comprehensive strategies that span stringent data protection legislation, extensive user education initiatives, and the deployment of robust authorization and authentication frameworks. This paper aims to empower industry leaders, policymakers, and researchers by providing actionable solutions, not just insights, to navigate the complexities of the IoT landscape effectively. Future research initiatives should prioritize the fortification of security measures for large-scale IoT deployments, the formulation of user-centric privacy solutions, and the standardization of interoperability protocols. By establishing a robust foundational framework, our paper endeavours to spearhead the discourse on IoT applications, privacy paradigms, and security frameworks, paving the way towards a resilient and interconnected future.
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment Advancements: A Review of Evolving Strategies
Authors: Liu Guozheng , Zhang Yanwen , Huang Yong
Published: April 2024

Women around the world are most frequently afflicted with breast cancer, and it is one of the most frequent causes of cancer death in females. Breast cancer is usually classified according to biomarker status, triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a distinct subtype characterized by immunohistochemical findings that denote negativity for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (Her-2) on cancer tissue. It is more common in younger women than in other subtypes. As an invasive breast cancer subtype with a unique drug-resistant phenotype and metastatic burden, it has limited treatment options, and patients have a poor prognosis with high rates of local, distant recurrence and mortality, and there is still a lack of standardized treatment protocols for TNBC. In this review, we delve into the current treatment strategies for TNBC and explore the potential for new approaches and targets in the future. This trial is registered with NCT03997123.
Preclinical Efficacy of a PSMA-Targeted Actinium-225 Conjugate (225Ac-Macropa-Pelgifatamab): A Targeted Alpha Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Schatz Christoph A. , Zitzmann-Kolbe Sabine , Moen Ingrid , Klotz Monika , Nair Shankari , Stargard Stefan , Bjerke Roger M. , Wickstrøm Biseth Katrine , Feng Yuan Zeng , Indrevoll Bård , Cruciani Veronique , Karlsson Jenny , Haendler Bernard , Nielsen Carsten H. , Alfsen Maria Z. , Hammer Stefanie , Hennekes Hartwig , Cuthbertson Alan , Hagemann Urs B. , Larsen Åsmund
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

Initially, prostate cancer responds to hormone therapy, but eventually resistance develops. Beta emitter-based prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radionuclide therapy is approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Here we introduce a targeted alpha therapy (TAT) consisting of the PSMA antibody pelgifatamab covalently linked to a macropa chelator and labeled with actinium-225 and compare its efficacy and tolerability with other TATs.

Experimental Design:

The in vitro characteristics and in vivo biodistribution, antitumor efficacy, and tolerability of 225Ac-macropa-pelgifatamab (225Ac-pelgi) and other TATs were investigated in cell line– and patient-derived prostate cancer xenograft models. The antitumor efficacy of 225Ac-pelgi was also investigated in combination with the androgen receptor inhibitor darolutamide.

Results:

Actinium-225-labeling of 225Ac-pelgi was efficient already at room temperature. Potent in vitro cytotoxicity was seen in PSMA-expressing (LNCaP, MDA-PCa-2b, and C4-2) but not in PSMA-negative (PC-3 and DU-145) cell lines. High tumor accumulation was seen for both 225Ac-pelgi and 225Ac-DOTA-pelgi in the MDA-PCa-2b xenograft model. In the C4-2 xenograft model, 225Ac-pelgi showed enhanced antitumor efficacy with a T/Cvolume (treatment/control) ratio of 0.10 compared with 225Ac-DOTA-pelgi, 225Ac-DOTA-J591, and 227Th-HOPO-pelgifatamab (227Th-pelgi; all at 300 kBq/kg) with T/Cvolume ratios of 0.37, 0.39, and 0.33, respectively. 225Ac-pelgi was less myelosuppressive than 227Th-pelgi. 225Ac-pelgi showed dose-dependent treatment efficacy in the patient-derived KuCaP-1 model and strong combination potential with darolutamide in both cell line– (22Rv1) and patient-derived (ST1273) xenograft models.

Conclusions:

These results provide a strong rationale to investigate 225Ac-pelgi in patients with prostate cancer. A clinical phase I study has been initiated (NCT06052306).
Supplementary Table S2 from Low Exposures to Amphibole or Serpentine Asbestos in Germline Bap1-mutant Mice Induce Mesothelioma Characterized by an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Kadariya Yuwaraj , Sementino Eleonora , Ruan Maggie , Cheung Mitchell , Hadikhani Parham , Osmanbeyoglu Hatice U. , Klein-Szanto Andres J. , Cai Kathy , Testa Joseph R.
Published: April 2024

Summary of the ratio of asbestos-exposed mice in each cohort that developed liver fibrosis and/or other abdominal adhesions
Supplementary Figure S3 from Low Exposures to Amphibole or Serpentine Asbestos in Germline Bap1-mutant Mice Induce Mesothelioma Characterized by an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Kadariya Yuwaraj , Sementino Eleonora , Ruan Maggie , Cheung Mitchell , Hadikhani Parham , Osmanbeyoglu Hatice U. , Klein-Szanto Andres J. , Cai Kathy , Testa Joseph R.
Published: April 2024

Histopathologic assessment of two representative MMs from Bap1+/− mice exposed to either crocidolite or chrysotile. Serial tumor sections depicting H&E staining and IHC for MM markers podoplanin and WT1 in a representative crocidolite-induced MM (upper panel) and a representative chrysotile-induced MM (lower panel). All original images are at 200X magnification.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Low Exposures to Amphibole or Serpentine Asbestos in Germline Bap1-mutant Mice Induce Mesothelioma Characterized by an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Kadariya Yuwaraj , Sementino Eleonora , Ruan Maggie , Cheung Mitchell , Hadikhani Parham , Osmanbeyoglu Hatice U. , Klein-Szanto Andres J. , Cai Kathy , Testa Joseph R.
Published: April 2024

Anatomical image of peritoneal MMs (white long arrows) induced by chronic intraperitoneal injections of chrysotile in a Bap1+/- mouse. MMs developing in Bap1+/- and Bap1+/+ (wild type) littermates injected with either chrysotile or crocidolite generally were diffuse peritoneal lesions sometimes accompanied by ascites. Note that the MMs shown in this animal are unusually large for illustrative purposes. Most tumors in this model were solitary, much smaller, and diffuse. Irregular liver surface (yellow rectangle) is likely indicative of fibrosis. L, liver; LI, large intestine; M, mesothelioma.
FIGURE 6 from Low Exposures to Amphibole or Serpentine Asbestos in Germline Bap1-mutant Mice Induce Mesothelioma Characterized by an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Kadariya Yuwaraj , Sementino Eleonora , Ruan Maggie , Cheung Mitchell , Hadikhani Parham , Osmanbeyoglu Hatice U. , Klein-Szanto Andres J. , Cai Kathy , Testa Joseph R.
Published: April 2024

Expression of IL6 and IL10 in ascites and Bap1 and p16Ink4a in MM tumors from chrysotile-exposed Bap1+/− mice. A, Concentration of IL6 in ascites of Bap1+/− mice compared with that from Bap1+/+ mice with MMs induced by chrysotile. Ascitic fluids were obtained from 5 Bap+/+ mice and 4 Bap1+/− mice with chrysotile-induced MMs. B, Expression of IL10 in ascites of 4 Bap1+/− mice versus that in ascites of 5 Bap1+/+ mice with MMs induced by chrysotile. C, Immunoblot analysis of tumor suppressors Bap1, Nf2, and p16Ink4a in MM tumors from 1 chrysotile-exposed Bap1+/+ mouse and 6 chrysotile-exposed Bap1+/− mice. NMC, normal (mouse) mesothelial cells; Vinculin, loading control.
FIGURE 5 from Low Exposures to Amphibole or Serpentine Asbestos in Germline Bap1-mutant Mice Induce Mesothelioma Characterized by an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Kadariya Yuwaraj , Sementino Eleonora , Ruan Maggie , Cheung Mitchell , Hadikhani Parham , Osmanbeyoglu Hatice U. , Klein-Szanto Andres J. , Cai Kathy , Testa Joseph R.
Published: April 2024

IHC staining for CD39 (top; diffuse brown stain) and Ccr2 (bottom; punctate stain) in crocidolite-induced and chrysotile-induced MMs from Bap1+/− mice. Arrows indicate examples of cells positively stained for Ccr2.
FIGURE 4 from Low Exposures to Amphibole or Serpentine Asbestos in Germline Bap1-mutant Mice Induce Mesothelioma Characterized by an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Kadariya Yuwaraj , Sementino Eleonora , Ruan Maggie , Cheung Mitchell , Hadikhani Parham , Osmanbeyoglu Hatice U. , Klein-Szanto Andres J. , Cai Kathy , Testa Joseph R.
Published: April 2024

Triple indirect IF of crocidolite- and chrysotile-induced MMs from Bap1+/− mice. IF staining showing tumor cells as well as M1 and M2 macrophages in crocidolite- and chrysotile-induced MMs from 2 Bap1+/− mice. Histologic sections were subjected to triple indirect sequential IF using three different antibodies: WT1 to detect MM tumor cells (red circles; Red 555 fluorescence); CD11c to stain M1 macrophages (green circles; green 488 fluorescence); and CD163 marker to stain M2 macrophages (yellow circles; Cy5 yellow fluorescence).
FIGURE 3 from Low Exposures to Amphibole or Serpentine Asbestos in Germline Bap1-mutant Mice Induce Mesothelioma Characterized by an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Kadariya Yuwaraj , Sementino Eleonora , Ruan Maggie , Cheung Mitchell , Hadikhani Parham , Osmanbeyoglu Hatice U. , Klein-Szanto Andres J. , Cai Kathy , Testa Joseph R.
Published: April 2024

Quantification of M2 macrophages in the TIME of asbestos-induced MMs from Bap1+/− mice using an Aperio scanner, and IHC depicting arginase and iNOS staining of MM from asbestos-treated Bap1+/− mice. A, Dot plot showing percentages of CD206-stained (left) and CD163-stained (center) cells in representative histologic images from crocidolite-induced and chrysotile-induced MMs from Bap1+/− mice. Right, CD163 IHC staining of representative MMs from crocidolite-induced and chrysotile-induced MMs. Arrows indicate examples of cells positively stained for CD163. B, Serial sections of a crocidolite-induced and chrysotile-induced MMs from Bap1+/− mice stained for arginase (Arg-1) and iNOS. Arrows indicate Arg-1-stained M2 macrophages.
Dimensión afectiva de la sexualidad: posibilidades para la construcción del tejido social con los otros y las otras
Authors: Navarro Garcia Angelica Maria , Arroyo Ortega Adriana
Published: April 2024

En este texto se resalta la importancia que tiene la sexualidad para todas las personas, especialmente la construcción afectiva, enfatizando en las relaciones con los otros y las otras, desde sus posibilidades éticas y de tejido social pero también desde la potencia que tiene el experimentar los sentidos, la caricia, el tacto y el contacto.La mirada que se plantea aquí, implica pensar las sexualidades juveniles como escenarios de articulaciones complejas, de dimensiones simbólicas y emocionales que se enuncian en el entramado de relaciones que construyen los y las jóvenes, pero también en las dimensiones afectivas, deseantes de sensibilidades, pasiones y sentimientos que trazados desde el cuerpo generan toda una red de significaciones en el mundo juvenil, significaciones que entretejen la construcción social del mundo que comparten los y las jóvenes con otros y otras.
Subjetividades políticas juveniles de paz a través del cuerpo: La experiencia del Colectivo sin Fronteras
Authors: Almendrales Gil Flor Angélica
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo es parte de la investigación que viene siendo desarrollada por la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, la Universidad de Manizales y el CINDE titulada: "Las condiciones y modos de construcción de subjetividades políticas para la paz en jóvenes de organizaciones interétnicas y feministas desde una perspectiva intergeneracional".
En este artículo se presentan elementos de la sistematización de la experiencia del grupo de jóvenes: "Colectivo Sin Fronteras"; que busca comprender la forma como este grupo surge, y se mantiene, logrando superar problemáticas como la violencia estudiantil, los embarazos no deseados, a través de procesos artísticos ayudados por el cuerpo los cuales les ha posibilitado la configuración de subjetividades políticas de paz. En el artículo se desarrollan los referentes teóricos sobre subjetividades políticas, cuerpo y paz, necesarios para la interpretación de las acciones realizadas por el colectivo de jóvenes.
Saúde mental de profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19: estudo em comunidades virtuais
Authors: Silva Rodrigues Júnior Nelson , Alves Fernandes Vinícius , Brás Camargo Júnior Elton
Published: April 2024

Objective: to assess health professionals’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methodology: a cross-sectional study conducted with 112 health professionals participatingin two virtual communities aimed at health workers. The Self-Report Questionnaire instrumentwas used. Association and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results:the mean age was 35.15 years old, with most of the respondents being female, without a partner,and living in the Brazilian Northeast region. The prevalence of mental distress was 33%. In theinferential analyses, mental distress presented associations with age, with each one-year-oldincrease in age related to a reduction of nearly 8% in the chances of manifesting mental distress.Conclusion: there are indicators of mental distress and an association with age, evidenced amonghealth professionals, which shows the need for strategies that serve as protective resources andpromoters of mental health for this work group.
Pío Baroja y las miserias de la guerra
Authors: Monteiro Wagner
Published: April 2024

The posthumous publication of Miserias de la guerra in 2006, fifty-five years after Pío Baroja had presented it to Franco’s censors, forced Spanish critics, like José-Carlos Mainer, to rethink the position of the Basque writer in the eve of the Spanish Civil War. Baroja was always absolutely critical in relation to the Spanish policy, but he seemed to have chosen silence prior to and during the war. This article proposes, firstly, a link between Baroja’s work and his own biography in order to, eventually accommodate its place in the narrative of the Spanish Civil War. Finally, we will analyze Miserias de la guerra, the essayistic novel that discusses the moments before the civil war and describes Madrid during that period.
El energúmeno misógino: la réplica feminista de Erica Jong a Nicanor Parra
Authors: Sarmiento Oscar
Published: April 2024

This article explores the poetic reply by Erica Jong to a poem written by Nicanor Parra. The poetic self of Jong’s poem - “Men” - adopts the satirical stance of the self in Parra’s poem - “Mujeres” - to introduce a radical alteration of perspectives. While the feminist objective of Jong is to debunk the vitriolic anti-women discourse of Parra’s neurotic character, her reply also reveals the asymmetrical gender context of cultural production and reader reception of Parra’s antipoem. Though she contests his sexism, Jong also shows a nuanced appreciation of the male writer’s nonconformist work.
Cabeza de ofidio, ojos de reptil: a propósito de Paris-Austerlitz, de Rafael Chirbes
Authors: Valls Fernando
Published: April 2024

El artículo discute la última novela del escritor valenciano Rafael Chirbes, Paris-Austerlitz. Se cuenta en esta novela el encuentro durante 1986, en un París sórdido, naturalista, entre un maduro obrero francés especializado y un joven español de familia acomodada aspirante a pintor. La desigual relación que mantienen, territorio propicio para la lucha de clases, transitará por la pasión, el interés, los celos y el desamor, aunque la aparición de la plaga, del mal, llevará a quien más se entrega, al menos pragmático de los dos, a la muerte”
En la orilla, de Rafael Chirbes: la (re)lectura de la Guerra Civil Española desde la pos/desmemoria
Authors: Serber Daniela Cecilia
Published: April 2024

En las novelas de Rafael Chirbes, el pasado español reciente no sólo es el escenario de sus personajes, sino un elemento funcional en la construcción del mensaje final. Sin desestimar el “boom de la memoria” remarcado recurrentemente por la crítica literaria y en la que algunos lo sitúan, creemos que sus obras revelan su compromiso con la Historia y que, por lo tanto, proponen un modo de (re)leerla y (re)escribirla para reparar los vacíos de un discurso que nace con el Franquismo, pero que se extiende durante la Transición democrática. Los republicanos y “su” Guerra Civil son una de las “pausas” de la Historia que Chirbes quería reactivar. En En la orilla, lo hace a través de los ojos de Esteban, niño durante la guerra, y de su padre, un carpintero excombatiente republicano que decide callar por el resto de su vida.
El soldado/poeta, el miedo, la derrota: una lectura de Segunda Derrota: 1940, de Los Girasoles Ciegos
Authors: Nascimento Magnólia Brasil Barbosa do
Published: April 2024

Se propone en este artículo una reflexión sobre los duros años de la inmediata posguerra civil española, privilegiando la “Segunda Derrota: 1940 o Manuscrito encontrado en el olvido”, uno de los cuentos de Los girasoles ciegos (2004), de Alberto Méndez (1941-2004), quien escribe para grabar la memoria del miedo vigente en aquel momento histórico. Por la importancia de la apropiación del pasado (Benjamin), se optó por acompañar las vicisitudes de un joven soldado/poeta que busca escapar hacia Francia con la novia embarazada y es sorprendido por la muerte de la joven durante el parto. En la obra, es fuerte el poder de la palabra (Agamben, 2008). El escritor tematiza la crueldad que interrumpió, de manera violenta, muchas vidas. En “Segunda Derrota”, se evidencia la importancia de la manutención de la memoria para que esas infames sombras no se pierdan en los silencios, y luego no caigan en el olvido.
A parceria poética e visual de Graça Lima, Mariana Massarani e Roger Melo
Authors: Araújo Hanna
Published: April 2024

Fac-simile comentado de uma obra no prelo de Graça Lima, Mariana Massarani e Roger Melo.
Influence of Body Mass Index on Radiation Exposure Across Imaging Modalities in the Evaluation of Chest Pain
Authors: Sperry Brett W. , Vamenta Mary Stefanie , Gunta Satya Preetham , Thompson Randall C. , Einstein Andrew J. , Castillo Michelle , Chaudhary Priyanka D. , Bremner Luca I. , Cohen Yosef A. , Bateman Timothy M. , McGhie A. Iain
Published: April 2024

Background

Essential to a patient‐centered approach to imaging individuals with chest pain is knowledge of differences in radiation effective dose across imaging modalities. Body mass index (BMI) is an important and underappreciated predictor of effective dose. This study evaluated the impact of BMI on estimated radiation exposure across imaging modalities.

Methods and Results

This was a retrospective analysis of patients with concern for cardiac ischemia undergoing positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT), cadmium zinc telluride single‐photon emission CT (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging, or coronary CT angiography (CCTA) using state‐of‐the‐art imaging modalities and optimal radiation‐sparing protocols. Radiation exposure was calculated across BMI categories based on established cardiac imaging–specific conversion factors. Among 9046 patients (mean±SD age, 64.3±13.1 years; 55% men; mean±SD BMI, 30.6±6.9 kg/m
2
), 4787 were imaged with PET/CT, 3092 were imaged with SPECT/CT, and 1167 were imaged with CCTA. Median (interquartile range) radiation effective doses were 4.4 (3.9–4.9) mSv for PET/CT, 4.9 (4.0–6.3) mSv for SPECT/CT, and 6.9 (4.0–11.2) mSv for CCTA. Patients at a BMI <20 kg/m
2
had similar radiation effective dose with all 3 imaging modalities, whereas those with BMI ≥20 kg/m
2
had the lowest effective dose with PET/CT. Radiation effective dose and variability increased dramatically with CCTA as BMI increased, and was 10 times higher in patients with BMI >45 kg/m
2
compared with <20 kg/m
2
(median, 26.9 versus 2.6 mSv). After multivariable adjustment, PET/CT offered the lowest effective dose, followed by SPECT/CT, and then CCTA (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

Although median radiation exposure is modest across state‐of‐the‐art PET/CT, SPECT/CT, and CCTA systems using optimal radiation‐sparing protocols, there are significant variations across modalities based on BMI. These data are important for making patient‐centered decisions for ischemic testing.
Origins
Authors: Tucker Aviezer
Published: April 2024

Scientific origins are information sources that transmit encoded information signals to receivers. Originary sciences identify information preserving receivers and decode the signals to infer their origins. Paradigmatic cases of scientific origination such as the Big Bang, the origins of species, horizontal gene transfer, the origin of the Polynesian potato, and ideational origins in the history of ideas are analyzed to discover what is common to them ontologically and epistemically. Some causes are not origins. Origination supervenes on causation, but has different properties. The unique properties of origins that causes do not share shield theories of origination from the kind of counterexamples and counterintuitive results that challenge comparable theories of causation. The epistemology of origination may serve as a basis for founding a novel epistemic and methodological division of the sciences into originary historical sciences and causal theoretical sciences.
Sperm development and structure in Bursaphelenchus luxuriosae (Nematoda: Aphelenchoidea: Aphelenchoididae)
Authors: Yushin Vladimir V. , Gliznutsa Lyubov A. , Kanzaki Natsumi , Ryss Alexander
Published: April 2024

Sperm development and structure in the wood-inhabiting fungal and plant-feeding nematode, Bursaphelenchus luxuriosae, were studied using transmission electron microscopy to evaluate interspecific similarities and differences of spermatozoa in nematodes. In general, spermatogenesis in B. luxuriosae fits the ‘rhabditid’ pattern supported by morphological and phylogenetic analysis of the order Rhabditida. Spermatocyte development includes formation of complexes of fibrous bodies (FBs) with membranous organelles (MOs), the complexes dissociate in the spermatids into separate components, and the immature sperm contain MOs but lack FBs, which transform into a dense matrix of sperm cytoplasm. The female spermatheca contains mature spermatozoa as bipolar cells subdivided into a pseudopod devoid of organelles and a main cell body containing a nucleus without a nuclear envelope, numerous mitochondria, and peripheral MOs as pouches opening to the exterior via pores. Data on B. luxuriosae are used for analysis of variable quantitative and morphological characteristics of spermatozoa in Aphelenchoidea. General size of spermatozoa and their MOs have little value for comparative analysis. The MO knobbles look uniform in immature spermatozoa of each aphelenchoidid species studied and may be considered as a taxonomically specific ultrastructural feature. The presence or absence of FBs in immature spermatozoa demonstrates the diagnostic value of the aphelenchoidid sperm structure at the species level. Analysis also shows close similarity of spermatozoa in Bursaphelenchus spp. and Caenorhabditis elegans, the model species with comprehensive data on sperm biology. This may be used to identify new ways for the control and suppression of harmful nematode species such as B. xylophilus.
Scrutizing the Constructions of waʾd through Major Lexicographical Sources
Authors: Paraskeva Tsampika-Mika
Published: April 2024

The term waʾd is commonly understood to refer to the alleged custom of the pre-Islamic era to bury new-born girls alive after their birth. As such, it has become part and parcel of the portrayal of pre-Islamic Arabia (ǧāhiliyya). The present paper provides a thorough analysis of the concept of waʾd and its relevant cognates, as they occur in major lexicographical sources, aiming to shed light on certain mechanisms of construction of what is traditionally accepted as an accurate depiction of a real practice.
A new species of broad-leafed Anthurium (Araceae) from the central region of Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: JIMÉNEZ PEDRO DÍAZ , CROAT THOMAS B. , AMITH JONATHAN D. , PÉREZ-FARRERA MIGUEL ÁNGEL , AGUILAR-RODRÍGUEZ PEDRO A.
Published: April 2024

We describe and illustrate Anthurium tiswatl, a new species of Anthurium sect. Andiphilum from Veracruz, Mexico. It is morphologically similar to A. macdougallii, but differs from that species in having long cataphylls, blades and spadix, collective veins arising from the first or fifth pairs of basal veins, and yellowish to whitish berries when ripe.
Nothochrysinae (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from the early Eocene Fur Formation, Denmark, with description of a new genus
Authors: MAKARKIN VLADIMIR N. , PERKOVSKY EVGENY E.
Published: April 2024

Furochrysa alisae gen et sp. nov. is described, and Stephenbrooksia multifurcata Willmann, 1993 and Danochrysa madseni Willmann, 1993 are re-described based on their holotypes and additional specimens from the early Eocene Fur Formation of Denmark. The very long crossvein 1icu between CuA and CuP in the hind wing distinguishes Furochrysa gen. nov. from all other Nothochrysinae. The hind wing venation of the holotype of S. multifurcata is strongly aberrant; in particular, its MA is deeply forked proximad the origin of RP, while it is not forked proximad the pseudocubitus in other Chrysopidae. The forewing venation of the three examined specimens of D. madseni show variability in the branching of the anterior branch of CuP and A2. The chrysopid assemblage of the early Eocene Fur Formation strongly differs from that of the late Paleogene (late Eocene/Oligocene) of Europe, while the nothochrysines of the early and late Paleogene of North America do not especially differ.