bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and methodical dominants evaluation for positioning results of territorial communities in the East of Ukraine
Authors: Rohozian Yuliia , Zablodska Daria , Liashenko Pavlo
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The issues of increasing the local territories competitiveness in recent years have gained great importance, given the dynamics of trends in the economic ties localization. For Ukrainian territorial communities, especially suffering from the consequences of hostilities in the east of the country, an important task is to form their positive and attractive image by using such a marketing tool as the territory positioning. This process bases on the identification of unique economic, social and environmental characteristics that can create the foundation for the formation of a positive and attractive community image in order to increase its competitiveness.
Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodical dominants evaluation for the positioning results of territorial communities in the eastern Ukraine to form their positive image and increase competitiveness. This aim reveals through the prism of tasks, which are to substantiate the architectonic foundations for positioning territorial communities, defining archetypal components for assessing the results of positioning territories and conducting their rating assessment.
Results. The analysis of foreign and domestic scientific and theoretical heritage demonstrates an insufficient level of research into the issues of theoretical and methodical support for assessing the results of the territorial communities positioning. It made possible to substantiate their architectonic theoretical and methodical dominants with the allocation of a basic and auxiliary level to obtain a positive effect. The article proposes the archetype of community positioning parameters, which display in 17 indicators in terms of sustainable development. This system of parameters formed the basis for the rating assessment of positioning results by defining quantified and reference indicators reflecting the current economic, social and environmental positions of the local territory.
Conclusions. The results of the rating assessment using the example of the Bilovodsk community confirmed the imbalance of its positioning between economic, social and environmental positions, with the latter being given priority. It proposes to solve this problem by adjusting the economic and social parameters of the community's positioning, changing the emphasis on those indicators of socio-economic development, that better characterize its unique features, which will help attract potential consumers and increase the level of its competitiveness.
RESULTS OF STEP CROSSES IN SELECTION OF PEAR DWARFISM DONORS
Authors: Khrykina Т. A. , Dolmatov E. A.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of 20 years of research on the implementation of a project to create pear varieties and complex donors of monogenously determined dwarfism (gene D) with high winter hardiness, group resistance to fungal diseases — scab (Venturia pirina Aderh., brownish (Entomosporium maculatum Lev.) and Septoria (Septoria piricola Desm.) and bright red color of fruits (gene C). The research was conducted according to generally accepted methods in the pear breeding gardens of Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding in 2000-2019. The study objects were populations of hybrid pear seedlings obtained from targeted crosses of highly adaptive forms and hybrids of pears with descendants of the 4th generation of the Karlikovaya Zelyonaya variety (Nain Vert), heterozygous for the dwarfism gene (Dd) in the first stage, and hybrid seedlings from crossing a DK-2 donor with sources of good fruit taste in the second stage. The aim of the research was to identify winter-hardy complex donors of dwarfism for further use in breeding programs for the creation of intensive pear varieties. Seedlings were grown using conventional technology in a breeding garden on a plot with dark gray forest soil. As a result of research for further use in breeding as complex donors of dwarfism, winter hardiness, group resistance to fungal diseases and red color of fruits, 3 forms were selected in the second stage of crosses (DK-1-6-57, DK-1-674, DK-1-4-38). Their use in long-term innovative breeding programs for the creation of intensive pear varieties will allow to conduct rejections at the early stages of ontogenesis and thereby to reduce the volume of hybrid families by 2-4 times. These complex donors are briefly characterized.
THE INTRODUCED STRAWBERRY (FRAGARIA×ANANASSA DUCH.) VARIETIES AS A PROMISING BREEDING MATERIAL
Authors: Kozlova I. I.
Published: March 2021

The integrated assessment of introduced strawberry varieties was held in order to identify the gene sources with high level economically important characters for their use in breeding. The biological objects of research were 69 strawberry accessions. As a result of a long-term comprehensive assessment of the genetic collection of introduced strawberry varieties according to the main economically valuable traits in various weather conditions, a source with the highest and stable level of a complex of priority traits was identified. This is the variety Maya with a large-fruited (>25 g) and high productivity (>500 g/plant). Sources of very early (+5 days, Flair variety) and late (-16 days, Malwina variety) ripening periods introduced from the Netherlands have been revealed. The study of everbearing varieties made it possible to identify the variety San Andreas (USA) as source with the most stable level of the multiple fruiting trait regardless of the duration of the photoperiod. All of the above sources are characterized by a number of valuable features that meet the requirements of the consumer market: pulp density, gloss on the surface, high marketability during transportation and dessert taste. The response of identified varieties to low temperature stressors in prewinter and winter periods showed a wide reaction rate and a high regeneration ability to plant biomass.
PECULIARITIES OF BIOECOLOGY OF HARMFUL VIRUSES IN APPLE PLANTS
Authors: Upadyshev M. Т. , Petrova A. D.  , Tut' E. A.
Published: March 2021

The prevalence of harmful viruses of Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), depending on the location, age, and varietal composition of plantings, was studied. Sandwich ELISA was used in serological tests. Diagnostic kits from «Loewe» (Germany) were used for the analyzes. Leaves were taken as samples. The results of the analysis were recorded using a «Stat Fax 2100» photometer. On apple varieties and clonal rootstocks, the frequency of viruses was 36-54 % and 24 %, respectively. In the Moscow region, the ASPV virus (23 %) prevailed, in the Ryazan region — ApMV (33 %), in the Yaroslavl region — ACLSV (54 %). At the end of the 20th century, the ACLSV virus was more often detected on the apple tree, and in the last decade, we have established an increase in the infection of this crop with the more harmful ASPV and ASGV viruses. The highest prevalence of latent viruses was noted on old domestic apple varieties and foreign varieties (50 % each). A tendency to an increase in the indices of infection with most of the studied viruses was revealed with an increase in the age of trees. In apple trees of old age (over 20 years), the indices of infection with the ASPV virus increased by 25 %, ASGV — by 20 %, ACLSV — by 43 % compared to middle-aged trees (8-10 years). Apple plants of 15 varieties and apple rootstocks of  2 forms 54-118 and 57-490 were found free from the main harmful viruses
The Formation Features of 'Dhāraṇis Collection' (Dhāraṇi-piṭaka) as a part of Buddhist Canon in Mahāsāṃghika and Dharmaguptaka schools tradidions
Authors: Shomakhmadov Safarali H.
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the specifics of the formation of the ‘Dhāraṇīs Collections’ (Dhāraṇī-piṭaka) in the traditions ofMahāsāṃghikaandDharmaguptakaschools as well as the legitimation of these texts within the Buddhist Canon, regardless of the Abhidharma position that denied the practice of sacred formulas reciting as a Brahmanic heritage of the Vedic hymns proclaiming. The article examines the structural and formation features ofDhāraṇī-piṭakasbothMahāsāṃghikaandDharmaguptaka. It is pointed out that the ‘core’ of theMahāsāṃghika’s“Spells Collection” was composed based on the texts representing the ‘autochthonous level’ of the religious practice (so called ‘folk magic’) that influenced the formation of both Buddhist (Mahāyāna) andŚaiva‘pantheon’. TheDharmaguptaka’s dhāraṇīs, on the contrary, are distinguished by their reliance on the ‘mnemotechnical principles of the Buddhist syllabary-arapacanawhich were used in theprajñāpāramitātext's structure. Therefore, theDhāraṇī-piṭakasofMahāsāṃghikaandDharmaguptakareflect both levels of the Buddhist doctrine functioning – the ‘popular level’ (Mahāsāṃghika) aimed to the favourable mundane existence and the high, ‘hieratic one’ (Dharmaguptaka) that has the goal of the obtaining of the final liberation –nirvāṇa.
Inscriptions on the Ancient Chinese Bronze Vessels “Bi Qi You” (Late Shang Period)
Authors: Kulikov Dmitry Ye.
Published: March 2021

This is a commented translation into Russian of three inscriptions on the ancient Chinese bronze vessels from the late Shang-Yin period (end of the 2nd millennium BC). The inscriptions found on bronze vessels constitute a special kind of sources for the ancient history of China. These epigraphic documents provide important, otherwise unrecorded data on life in the archaic society. Contrary to the texts of classical works, the nature of the ancient Chinese bronze inscriptions is ritualistic. They were not intended to be “read” but served as a tool of sacred communication with the world of dead ancestors. In fact, their “readers” were otherworldly forces. The correct understanding of these bronze inscriptions requires a specialist commentary. The publisher includes the inscriptions on the late Shang-Yin ritual vessels into a wide historical and cultural context. It is hoped this context will facilitate the understanding of the inherent meaning of the inscriptions. The comments will outline the range of problems associated with the interpretation of this type of sources from the late Shang-Yin period.
The historical continuum of Jerusalem: the inseparability of time and space, past and present, history and politics
Authors: Asadov Farda Muharram
Published: March 2021

Over the long centuries and nowadays the historical concept and political status of Jerusalem remain the most acute problem of relations between the peoples and states of the Middle East, Arabs and Jews, Israel and the Arab Palestinian state. The poignancy of the problem, the arguments of the opposing sides, are mainly rooted in conflicting interpretations of the history of Jerusalem and its holy places. The article presents a view of the history of Jerusalem as a process that began before the formation of the historical consciousness of the Arabs and Jews but used to continuously influence its shaping during the struggle for the city between powerful political forces standing behind the claims of various congregations. The article examines the written evidence of the shrines of Jerusalem that existed before the construction of the First Temple; selected archaeological data are used for additional verification of written sources. Recent proposals for a solution to the political status of Jerusalem are placed in the context of ideas about its cultural and historical significance.  Particular attention is paid to the importance of Jerusalem in the history of the formation of religious doctrine and ritualism in Islam; a distinctive opinion is substantiated by the author concerning the reasons of the initial orientation of the Muslim prayer ritual towards Jerusalem; the existence of perceptions of the shrines of Jerusalem as sacred objects, recognized in the religious and ritual traditions of the Semitic peoples – the ancestors of Jews and Arabs – is established. On the ground of research findings the inseparability of history, culture, spatial limits and political status of the city of Jerusalem as an organic whole and a system is argued, the breach of the balance of which is claimed to inevitably destroy the integrity of the characteristics of Jerusalem in the history of the region, various peoples and all of humanity. The search for a solution to the Jerusalem problem is seen as interaction and the development of a model that recognizes and balances three factors of influence: 1) ideas about the importance of Jerusalem in the national historical narrative of Arabs and Jews; 2) the concept that asserted the consideration of the beginning of the cultural history of Jerusalem as a common Middle Eastern religious centre; and 3) the range of various political solutions proposed for the settlement of the problems of disputed territories in international relations with the assumption of the feasibility of fundamentally new models of solution.
The Context of Education on Teaching English between Indonesia and Singapore: A Review of Basic Elements
Authors: Kurniawan Kurniawan , Rusdinal Rusdinal , Ananda Azwar , Gistituati Nurhizrah
Published: March 2021

This review paper aims at giving a short outline regarding the examination of Teaching English Language instructing and teaching English Language as a Foreign Language (TEFL) between Indonesia and Singapore. The review based its analysis on a few elements which affect instructing and learning TEFL in the Indonesian context and Singapore, i.e., educator capabilities, teaching English language capability, homeroom size, understudies' inspiration, study hall situated learning, and restricted wellsprings of learning. The review highlighted that these are the factors which give impact on instructing and learning achievement. The review conducted its analysis under few limitations at work between language strategy and language encouraging study hall rehearsed in the two nations. This paper points out that understudies have different inspirations and foundation qualities altogether, making it hard to plan as an asset to a solitary educational program which will suit all (or at least most) understudies of the nation. Moreover, financial support for educators, resourcing, and the probability of huge class capacity in the Indonesian context appear differently in relation to Singapore. Low instructor compensations in Indonesia cause most educators to work in extra positions that lessen the time they can allot for exercise arrangement, endeavors to create practices and undertaking advancement by upgrading expert information, whereas instructors in Singapore are doing the full education time. Finally, the strategy and educational plan legislative issues have a significant impact on TEFL examination, thus understanding and correctly implementing them needs to be a requirement to language learning.
Improving the Vocabulary Mastery in ELT Context: Mapping Words Technique for Vocational Students
Authors: Aisyah Sitti , Tanasy Novalia
Published: March 2021

This modern era, people are demanded to have more than one language especially English as an international language. In educational context, developing the students' ability to master English, it cannot be separated from vocabulary mastery because it can be a measurement of students, understanding of English. This research is conducted to determine the implementation of mapping words technique effectiveness in improving the student's vocabulary mastery at the third Year Students of SMK Darussalam Makassar. This quasi-experimental research used two group designs named pre-test and post-test.  60 out of 287 students as being registered as a sample. The experimental group consists of 32 students, and the control group consists of 28 students. This research applied the Mapping Words technique as the medium while the other class using the conventional method. The result of this research showed that the use of the Mapping Words technique effectively improves the students’ vocabulary, it was shown from the result of pre-test and post-test in both groups. The mean scores and standard deviation of the experimental class showed improvement where the two mean scores' deviation was/. The value of the t-test was 4.37, while the value of the t-table was 2.021 on the level of significant 0.05 (95%) and 2.704 on the level significant 0.01 (99%). This figure indicated that the value of t-calculated was higher than the t-value of t-table 4.37 > 2.021 and 2.704.
Teaching EFL Students Using Selected Media: Offline Video Taken From YouTube
Authors: Yusuf Rohandi
Published: March 2021

English is a foreign language that must be studied, there are four skills that students must master, namely writing, speaking, reading and pronunciation. The development of technology in the learning process of teachers is required to use media not only using books, markers, or other things that are not related to technology that will make teachers or students miss technological development. The current era of globalization is a lot of media or tools for teaching teachers, namely using smartphones, laptops, one of them is a website, application, social media such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Line or other social media, and the last is YouTube. In this study we use YouTube offline video as a teaching media process. Using the media in the learning process and YouTube include new media or ways in the learning process and using YouTube definitely brings impact. Of course a positive impact for students or teachers in the learning process. This study will tell so much about the use of YouTube as a medium for teacher learning in learning English.
Raising Students’ Motivation and Learning Interest Through Discipline: SMP Negeri 1 Barru Context
Authors: Kahar Yunus Abdul , Ekamurti Nurafiyat
Published: March 2021

This study aims to examine how the application of discipline to improve students’ motivation and learning interest at SMP Negeri 1 Barru. The sample in this quantitative study was taken through proportional random sampling. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of the application of discipline to the increase of students’ motivation and learning interest at SMP Negeri 1 Barru. This can be seen in the significance value of the value of tcount and ttable namely tcount (3.5) is higher than ttable (1.99). The strength of the influence of the application of discipline to students' motivation and interest in learning at SMP Negeri 1 Barru reached 0.4 level, which means it is in a good category
Administration of English Language Programme in Nigerian Higher Institutions: Problem, Issues and Suggestion
Authors: Jacob Ogunode Niyi
Published: March 2021

The article discussed the problems facing the administration of English language programme in the Nigerian higher institutions. Secondary data was used to support the points raised in the article. The secondary data were sourced from print material and online publication by recognized institutions and individual author. The problems facing the administration of English language programme in Nigerian higher institution include; inadequate funding, inadequate English language lecturers, inadequate English language laboratories, poor research in English language programme, brain-drain, strike actions, poor capacity development of English language programme lecturers and institutional corruption. For effective administration of English language programme in the Nigerian higher institutions, the paper hereby recommends: that the government should increase the funding of English language programme, employment of more English language lecturers, provision of adequate infrastructural facilities, implementation of agreement with unions, effective staff development programme, effective motivation policy to prevent brain-drain and fight all the institutional corruption in the higher institutions
Text-based Character in Teaching Reading: Do Students Can Achieve Significant Result in Reading Test?
Authors: Hasan Hasan , Sadapotto Andi , Hanafi Muhammad , Usman Usman
Published: March 2021

This quasi-experimental study involves the experimental and control group which consist of 60 students in first year of SMA Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang   2019/2020 academic year.  The reading test is used to collect data to find out do the students can achieve significant result in reading test using Text-based Character. Based on the result the mean score of the experimental group pre-test was 72.67 and classified into good classification, while the control group was 69.63 classified into good. The mean score of the post-test after treatment for the experimental group was 82.43 (very good) while the control group was 76.53, (good) classification still.  The researcher found that the T-table is higher than the t-test (α) (1.659<2.021). It means that there is a significant difference in the pre-test of the control and experimental group, while in post-test of an experimental and control group, the researcher finds that the T-test is higher than the alpha and previous score in the the pre-test (α) (3.089>2.021). The degree of freedom is 58. This study reveals that the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted, and the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. This is means that the use of Text-based Characters can improves students' reading skills in significant way.
An Internal Analysis of E-Learning Implementation Readiness: Present Evaluation and Future Planning
Authors: Rosida Ana , Muin Sri Adrianti , Sakka Wahyuni
Published: March 2021

This study aims to see and analyse the readiness of Economic and Social Sciences Faculty of Fajar University to implement E-Learning based on the four factors by using Aydin & Tasci’s ELR Model, namely; people, technology, self-development, and innovation factor. This quantitative study used questionnaire was given to lecturers, and students with the total sample were 185. The average score of 3.41 is the minimum score for the level of readiness to implement e-learning. Based on the data, it found that lecturers obtained a total score 3.60 and students was 3.40. From four factors for lecturers, self-development factor was the only factor considered unprepared for implementing e-learning which needs some of the work to reach ready category. However, the rest of the factors are in the 'ready' category in the teaching process. On the other hand, students score result indicated 'not ready' to implement e-learning in the learning process. Even though in technology and innovation factors were showing 'un-readiness', in people factors and self-development indicated that students are 'ready' to implement e-learning even though it requires a few improvements. From the final score result for both lecturers and students, the data show that Economic and Social Sciences Faculty Fajar University is 'ready' to implement e-learning in teaching and learning process even needs a few improvements
Exploring Trends in Teaching Stylistic Analysis: Syntactical Features in Selected British Fashion Magazine “Harper’s Bazaar”
Authors: Putri Natassa , Rugaiyah Rugaiyah
Published: March 2021

Teaching English Stylistic to language students in Universitas Islam Riau has always been part of language or foreign language education. It is a study of linguistics about how someone expresses his or her ideas depend on the purpose of it. An advertisement is good example to study to see how the advertisers use a language to persuade the readers to buy their product or use their service. This research attempted to know the style of language on advertisement, namely syntactical feature in stylistic teaching-learning frameworks. This research used descriptive qualitative as the research design and textual analysis was used to analyse the data. There were 28 data from two editions of Harper’s Bazaar UK magazine. Based on the data obtained, it is found that there were 46 long-noun phrases, 16 short sentences in the form of present tense, 13 imperative and ellipsis, 3 incomplete sentences and association, 1 for simple and colloquial, ambiguity, syntactic parallelism. Students are required to have literary competence as they are exposed to extracts from literary works while studying English.
Стратегії вищої освіти в умовах інтернаціоналізації для стійкого розвитку суспільства : монографія
Authors: Зінченко Віктор , Базелюк Наталія , Бойченко Михайло , Горбунова Людмила , Курбатов Сергій , Мєлков Юрій , Шипко Оксана , Зінченко Віктор
Published: March 2021

У монографії узагальнено результати наукового дослідження «Стратегії вищої освіти в умовах інтернаціоналізації для стійкого розвитку суспільства». Основну увагу приділено глобальним інституційним трансформаціям, міжнародній публікаційній активності, розвитку системи освіти України у світлі зміни поколінь, трансформативним стратегіям вищої освіти, проблемі якості, гуманістичним та особистісним інтенціям вищої освіти, комунікаційній складовій вищої освіти. Упровадження монографії сприятиме підвищенню рівня і якості інтернаціоналізації вищої освіти України, формуванню світоглядного підґрунтя для стимулювання і забезпечення стійкого розвитку суспільства, підвищенню соціальної відповідальності вищої освіти і зміцненню її функції служіння суспільству. Для науковців у галузі вищої освіти, філософії освіти і педагогіки, викладачів, докторантів, аспірантів і студентів закладів вищої освіти.
Kecemasan Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika (Student Anxiety in Mathematics Subjects)
Authors: Jalal Novita Maulidya
Published: March 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kecemasan Matematika dapat terjadi pada siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan dimana dalam mengumpulkan informasi data dengan teknik dokumentasi yaitu mencari data mengenai hal-hal yang relevan dari berbagai macam yang ada di perpustakaan seperti jurnal, dokumen, buku, majalah, berita. Dari sumber yang didapatkan, kemudian dipilih yang paling relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecemasan matematika dapat terjadi akibat rendahnya keyakinan dalam belajar matematika (self-efficacy) yang dipengaruhi oleh persepsi siswa tentang matematika, rendahnya frekuensi belajar matematika, situasi pembelajaran yang kurang kondusif, riwayat kemampuan matematis yang rendah, materi yang semakin kompleks, dan tuntutan hasil belajar harus memuaskan. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari kecemasan Matematika antara lain berpengaruh pada kognitif, fisik, sikap, bahkan hingga hasil belajar Matematika siswa. Dengan demikian, penanganan yang dapat diberikan yaitu diberikan penanganan psikologis serta diajar dengan pembelajaran probing-prompting bernuansa etnomatematika.
Effect of performance standard and sex on 24 h ultra-marathon pacing profiles
Authors: Chatzakis Prokopios , Paradisis Giorgos , Chryssanthopoulos Costas , Zacharogiannis Elias
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of sex and performance standard on pacing profiles in a 24 h ultra-marathon race. Performance data of 283 participants (237 men and 46 women) from the last decade’s versions (2011 until 2020, with the exception of the 2017 version) of the International Ultramarathon Festival held in Athens-Hellinikon, Greece, were analyzed and pacing profiles were evaluated based on performance standard and sex. Relative speed for every hour and % distance covered in 6 h and 12 h segments and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated. Mean distance ran was 159.99±36.04 km. Runners followed a reverse J-shaped race pace ( p < 0.001). Sex did not seem to interact with pacing ( p > 0.05 in every case), while performance standard interacted significantly with pacing ( p < 0.001). CV was negatively correlated with total distance covered and total running time (–0.761, p < 0.001 and –0.753, p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, the overall pacing profile adopted by runners in a 24 h ultra-marathon race was a reverse J-shaped model, with better runners following a more even pacing than slower runners, with lower velocity variability.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Kidney Cancer Management
Authors: Bersanelli Melissa , Porta Camillo
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND:

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic still has a huge impact on the management of many chronic diseases such as cancer. Few data are presently available reagarding how the management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has changed due to this unprecedented situation.

OBJECTIVE:

To discuss the challenges and issues of the diagnosis and treatment of RCC in the COVID-19 era, and to provide recommendations based on the collected literature and our personal experience.

METHODS:

Systematic review of the available Literature regarding the management of RCC during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

RESULTS:

Our review showed a prevalence of narrative publications, raising the issue of the real relevance of the evidence retrieved. Indeed, the only original data about RCC and COVID-19 found were a small retrospective case series and two surveys, providing either patients’ or physicians’ viewpoints.

CONCLUSIONS:

The expected delayed diagnosis of RCC could lead to an increase of advanced/metastatic cases; thus, proper therapeutic choices for patients with small renal masses should be carefully evaluated case by case, in order to avoid negative effects on long-term survival rates. The controversial interaction between immune checkpoint blockade and COVID-19 pathogenesis is more hypothetical than evidence-based, and thus immunotherapy should not be denied, whenever appropriate. To avoid treatments which won’t have an impact on patients’ survival, a honest and accurate evaluation of the cost/benefit ratio of each treatment option should be always performed. Finally, SARS-CoV-2 swab positivity should not prevent the continuation of ongoing active treatments in asymptomatic cases, or or after symptoms’ resolution.
Impact of Odd–Even Scheme on Travel Pattern in Delhi
Authors: Thakur Palak , Qamar Sharif
Published: March 2021

The paper intends to assess the impact of the odd–even scheme on the travel pattern of the daily commuters in Delhi. The objective of the paper is to assess the impact of the odd–even scheme on mode choice for daily work trips, shift in travel patterns – before, during, and post-implementation – of the odd–even scheme, and to understand people perception regarding the odd–even scheme. Based on the primary survey, the paper concludes that the odd–even scheme brought a significant impact in the travel pattern in terms of occupancy, travel cost, travel time, and modal shift, and statistically not so much on the air quality gain. It was observed that the scheme helped increase the occupancy rate in cars as well as ridership of buses and Delhi metro. The scheme had a huge impact on congestion, which was evident from both perception analysis and the change in travel time. The modal shift, with an improvement in public transport services and a reduction in car users, is one of the key successes of the scheme resulting in decrease in air pollution caused by private vehicles. To improve the outcome of the odd–even scheme on air pollution, two-wheelers should not be exempted going forward.
Numerical simulation and study of thermal characteristics of a lightweight floor heating system
Authors: Basok B. , Novitska M. , Goncharuk S.
Published: March 2021

The use of underfloor heating systems is an effective way to achieve thermal comfort for users in energy-efficient buildings. There are two kinds of such systems: traditional and dry-assembled. The first type is researched more deeply than the second one. The paper presents theoretical studies of the thermotechnical parameters of a water underfloor dry-assembled heating system. The design of the underfloor dry-assembled heating system, considered in the work, consists of a heat insulation (expanded polystyrene), on which the pipes of the heating system are located, in contact with an aluminum heat distribution plate. The system is covered with floor finishing. The calculation for a stationary operating mode of the floor heating system was carried out on the basis of a system of equations for momentum and energy. The model was validated using the results of experimental studies. The calculation results cause some overestimation of the experimental data, possibly, beecause of deviations in thermotechnical characteristics of materials. But the simulation model correctly estimates the behaviour of the system at change of its parameters. The paper concludes that this configuration of the underfloor heating system can be used in heating systems for residential and non-residential premises. The aluminum heat distribution plate significantly affects the heat transfer processes in the system. Due to the plate, the heat flux is made uniform in the plane of the floor surface, which has a positive effect on heat distribution and reduces thermal tension in the finish coating. The use of ceramic tiles increases the overall heat exchange efficiency of the system with the room air. An increase in the thickness of the expanded polystyrene board increases the value of the heat flux from the surface of the heated floor. An increase in the flow rate and temperature of the heat carrier also cause an increase in the density of heat flux from the floor surface.
Numerical modelling of parameters of the operational parameters of an earth-to-air heat exchanger for geothermal ventilation
Authors: Nedbailo O. , Bozhko I.. , Tkachenko M. , Andreychuk S.
Published: March 2021

The aim of this work is to develop a numerical model of the year-round operation of an earth-to-air heat exchanger (EAHE) with a circular cross-sectional shape with further its validation based on the obtained experimental data. We consider that these studies can form the basis for the development of methods for calculating and designing geothermal ventilation systems for climate conditions of Ukraine. The analysis of literature sources showed that now there are quite a lot of studies devoted to the issues of geothermal ventilation. The results of such heat exchanger modeling with various geometric data and which operate in their authentic soils under various hydraulic regimes and that are located at different depths are widely presented. However, these studies do not allow obtaining generalized patterns of heat transfer during the operation of the heat exchangers and the influence of the geometric parameters of the heat exchanger on the operation of the geothermal ventilation system as a whole. Much attention is paid to the issues of modelling the operation of such heat exchangers and the distinctive features of each of these models. Also important are the results of experimental studies carried out on our own experimental bench and with the help of which the numerical model was validated. To conduct experimental research on the operation of the geothermal ventilation system at the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine an experimental stand was created. This stand is designed to study thermophysical processes during the operation of a geothermal ventilation system elements. The results of these studies are the basis for the development of a method for determining the optimal diameter of the earth-to-air heat exchanger under operating conditions for soil in Kyiv, Ukraine.
Semi-analytical method of finished elements in elastic and elastic-plastic position for curviline prismatic objects
Authors: Bazhenov Viktor , Shkril’ Oleksii , Maksymiuk Yurii , Martyniuk Ivan , Maksymiuk Oleksandr
Published: March 2021

In [4, 5, 6] the algorithm of the method of block iterations of solving linear and nonlinear equations by the semivanalytic finite element method for curvilinear inhomogeneous prismatic bodies is realized. This paper presents the results of the effectiveness of the semi-analytical finite element method for the consideration of curvilinear prismatic objects in elastic and elastic-plastic formulation.
The choice of the optimal in terms of machine time and speed of convergence of the iterative process algorithm for solving systems of linear and nonlinear equations by the semivanalytic finite element method [1, 2, 3] is an important factor influencing the efficiency of the method as a whole. Numerous studies have shown that using the block iteration method to solve systems of equations of the semivanalytic finite element method for prismatic bodies with variable parameters has a number of important advantages over solving systems of the traditional variant of the finite element method.
The organization of the computational process and its software implementation takes into account the basic requirements for software for calculating strength on modern software packages. The modular structure of the developed system of programs provides its non-closedness concerning new classes of tasks.
The use of the block iteration method to solve systems of nonlinear equations of SAFEM is approximately an order of magnitude superior to the traditional finite element method.
General classification of seismic protection systems of buildings and structures
Authors: Bazhenov Viktor , Heraimovych Yurii
Published: March 2021

The issues of ensuring the seismic resistance of buildings and structures hold a leading position despite significant achievements in this area. This is confirmed by the significant loss of human life and destruction caused by strong earthquakes.

According to the principle of operation (properties of ensuring seismic resistance), all seismic protection systems can be conditionally divided into three groups: traditional, special and combined.

Traditional methods of seismic protection of buildings and structures are mainly associated with reducing the mass of structures, increasing their strength and stiffness characteristics, as well as with the choice of rational planning and design solutions.

The second group of seismic protection includes approaches associated with reducing the intensity of seismic loads on buildings and structures. Special seismic protection today is one of the most promising areas in the field of earthquake-resistant construction. The largest subgroup of this seismic protection – this is a passive seismic protection aimed at changing the dynamic scheme of a buildings or structures, which, in turn, is divided into seismic isolation and seismic suppression.

The combined system implies a combination of traditional and nontraditional seismic protection systems.

The massive use of seismic protection systems by design engineers is constrained by the lack of practical calculation methods. This is due to the fact that most seismic protection systems are characterized by a nonlinear deformation diagram, which does not allow the use of the standard linear-spectral methodology for the calculation.

This article clarifies the general classification of seismic protection systems of buildings and structures. The use of seismic protection systems during strong earthquakes can significantly reduce the amplitude of vibrations, provide less damage to buildings and structures. Seismic protection systems are one of the most effective ways to increase the level of seismic resistance of buildings and structures, although the share of seismic-protected buildings in construction in relation to traditional ones is still very small.
Analysis of heavy metal migration in vegetable agricultural waste
Authors: Petro G. Kyrienko  , Tetyana O. Klocko  , Irina Y. Khomenko  , Ganna M. Durnevich
Published: March 2021

One of the most important tasks facing Ukraine is to maximize the use of its own renewable energy resources, including the use of agricultural waste (stems, straw, sunflower husks, bonfires, etc.) to obtain energy sources such as fuel briquettes and pellets. The urgency of complete utilization of agricultural waste depends on the content of heavy metals in the ash formed during the combustion of fuel briquettes made from agricultural waste. The entry of heavy metals from the soil into plants today is a serious environmental problem, as a result of which human and animal food, as well as agricultural waste are contaminated with heavy metals. After making briquettes or pellets, they can be used as fuel in various installations. When briquettes or pellets is burning made from agricultural waste, ash is formed, which can be used as an additive to organic fertilizers, while heavy metals at high temperatures can form oxides and then salts, which are less susceptible to migration into plants. The analysis of migration of heavy metals from soil to plants is carried out. The possibility of using vegetable waste to obtain fuel briquettes and pellets is considered. The comparison of the content of heavy metals in the plant with the maximum permissible concentration was checked. The content of harmful substances in the ash was determined after their use. The scheme of technological sequence of production of briquettes and pellets from vegetable waste is presented. The possibility of using pellet ash and briquettes as additives to organic fertilizers is analyzed. In general, the processing of vegetable waste into fuel briquettes and pellets is a very effective environmental solution that allows the maximum use of agricultural waste as a renewable energy resource, as well as to bind heavy metals and prevent their further migration.
Transformation of Plastic Solid Waste into Liquid Fuel
Authors: Khan Mohammad Rafiq , Marat-ul-Ain  , Khan Rauf Ahmad , Khan Hammad
Published: March 2021

The study being reported here was conducted to convert plastic waste,a major source of solid pollution in Pakistan, into liquid fuel by application of Thermal Pyrolysis. A pyrolysis reactor consisting of high strength Pyrex round bottom flask was constructed in the laboratory and used for converting plastic waste into liquid fuel. A 280g sample of plastic waste was pyrolyzed and the resultant products were 120g liquid oil, 100g solid residueand 60g gas.Thus, the yield of liquid fuel from the plastic waste was 43% wt. along with solid mass 36%wt. and gas 21 % wt. The results clearly indicate that there is a significant potential of producing liquid fuel from plastic waste in Pakistan andthe world.
Zagreb Polynomials and Redefined Zagreb Indices for Chemical Structures Helpful in the Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Virk Abaid ur Rehman
Published: March 2021

A topological index (TI) is a number that is helpful in predicting the properties of chemical compounds. We can estimate the physical and chemical properties of several chemical compounds. In this study, we compute Zagreb polynomials and the redefined Zagreb indices for chemical compounds used in the treatment of COVID-19 namely remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and theaflavin.
Implementation of Different Traffic Management Strategies on Major Roads for the Improvement of Traffic Flow in Lahore City
Authors: Ali Nazam , Zia Hashir , Sarwar Hamza Bin , Baig Zafar , Abdullah Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Traffic congestion causes many socio-economic problems in developing nations. One of the main causes of traffic congestion can be attributed to poor design practices. In the last few years, Lahore city has expanded haphazardly where the allocation of resources was done based on political will instead of feasible design practices. This haphazard growth coupled with a poor design resulted in traffic congestion on the main roads of the city. In this study, simulations using different traffic management design strategies were carried out on major roads to check if traffic delays and Level of Service (LOS) can be improved. The most feasible designs based on the simulated results were proposed for the improvement of the existing infrastructure designs. These findings suggested that Akbar Chowk and Jinnah Hospital Intersection have greatly reduced the traffic delay time by 92.97% and 92.67%, respectively. Policymakers can utilize these simulated results for future design guidelines to accommodate the future growth of traffic on these arterial roads.
Emergency oncology admissions during COVID-19 pandemic: a major institution experience from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elemam O. , Tashkandi E. , Abdelkhalek S. , Shalaby I. , Baraka R.
Published: March 2021

Background: The WHO has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in March 2020. Cancer patients are considered a highly susceptible group. The effect of this pandemic on cancer mortality is still unknown. Aim: Our aim is to know whether or not we need to postpone cancer treatment during viral pandemics in the future. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study from March 1, 2020 to June 1, 2020, included cancer patients on active treatment, who have been admitted to our oncology center through the emergency unit, and patients who received oncology treatment in the outpatient treatment unit. COVID-19 positive cases were identified based on polymerase chain reaction testing of nasopharyngeal swab. Results: A total of 1300 patients was included in the study, 1096 patients attended the outpatient clinics, 204 patients were admitted to our oncology floor for emergency care. The cancer diagnosis was mainly breast cancer, followed by colon cancer. The main cause of emergency room visit was mainly fever followed by pain. Admission diagnosis was mainly disease progression followed by symptom control, COVID-19 infection, and febrile neutropenia. 1288 cycles of anticancer therapy were provided to 513 patients in the outpatient treatment unit. Three out of the nineteen patients who had a confirmed COVID-19 infection (16%) died not only due to infection, but also disease progression. Conclusion: Cancer treatment is not a risk factor for COVID-19 infection or its complications. Cancer treatment should not be interrupted during viral pandemics and every effort should be made to give cancer patients the standard of care.
Aylan Kurdi’den Sonra: Sanatta Göçün Kaydı
Authors: YAĞMUR Önder , ARSLAN İbrahim
Published: March 2021

Binlerce yıl öncesinde yaşam biçimi olan göçebelik, bireylerin ve toplumların hayatını şekillendiren bir fiil olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Neolitik devrimle yerleşik düzene geçen insanoğlu temel barınma ve beslenme ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabildiği alanlarda hayatlarına devam etmiştir; ancak göç hareketleri son bulmamış ve çağlar boyunca kültürlerarası etkileşime katkı yapmaya devam etmiştir. Tercih sonucu ya da zorunlu bir fiil olan göç; bireysel ve toplumsal düzeyde birçok farklı etki yarattığı gibi sanat alanında da birtakım yansımalar ve etkiler ile karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Göç ve göçmenlik kavramları üzerinden kişisel fikirlerini farklı disiplinler aracılığı ile izleyiciye aktaran sanatçılar, kendi deneyimlerini ya da göç ile sonuçlanmış savaşlar, afetler, açlık gibi toplum belleğinde yer edinmiş birçok olay veya durumu ele alarak incelemiştir. Sinema, edebiyat ve tiyatro gibi çeşitli alanlarda nesne edinilen göç; plastik sanatlar alanında da sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Dünya toplumu birçok göç hareketine ve buna bağlı olarak birçok trajediye şahitlik etmiştir ancak; yaşanan bazı olaylar büyük çapta etkiler yaratmıştır. Aylan Kurdi ve ailesinin 2015 yılında çıktığı göç yolunda trajik biçimde hayatlarını kaybetmesi de yakın zamanda yaşanan büyük trajedilerden biridir ve bu çalışmada Aylan Kurdi üzerinden işlenerek, göç teması etrafında şekillenen sanat eserleri incelenmiş, yaşanan olayın plastik sanatlara yansımaları Ai Weiwei, Banksy, Pekka Jylhä gibi seçilmiş sanatçıların yapıtları özelinde değerlendirilmiştir.