bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Operations in Public Transport Networks Based on Multisource Data
Authors: Zhang Hui , Liu Yanjun , Shi Baiying , Jia Jianmin , Wang Wei , Zhao Xiang
Published: September 2021

Operational efficiency and stability are two critical aspects to measure bus systems. Influenced by many stochastic factors, buses always suffer from delay and bunching. Traditional studies focus on a single route and lack research on the systematic evaluation of bus network. In this paper, we propose a data-driven framework to analyze the efficiency and stability based on small granularity GPS trajectory data from the perspective of entire bus network. The IC card data and route data are used to extract the boarding passenger number and topological structure, respectively. The results show that the average headway of stations follows a lognormal distribution. Moreover, the distribution of arrival efficiency of stations is inhomogeneous and a small number of stations have large values. In addition, the relationships among average headway of stations, boarding passenger number, bus number, and complex network indicators are revealed. It is found that the average headway of station is negatively correlated with other indicators, which implies that complex network connections and more passenger flows could weaken the efficiency of bus operations. This paper provides a way to evaluate the operational performance of bus networks and could give help for monitoring and optimizing the daily operation of bus systems.
Evolutionary Game Research between the Government Environmental Regulation Intensities and the Pollution Emissions of Papermaking Enterprises
Authors: Zhang Sen , Qin Guangyuan , Wang Ling , Cheng Baodong , Tian Yuan
Published: September 2021

Environmental regulations of different intensities may have different impacts on polluting enterprises. The purpose of this article is to analyze how different environmental regulations affect the pollution discharge strategies of papermaking enterprises. By establishing an evolutionary game model between the government environmental regulation intensities and the pollutant emissions from papermaking enterprises, this thesis further solves the model and performs stability analysis and finally uses MATLAB to conduct simulation studies. And the researching results show that papermaking enterprises will take risks to choose the illegal pollutant discharge strategies when the illegal profits are large. Further analysis shows that the increase in the successful probability of the strong environmental regulations does not necessarily force papermaking enterprises to choose to comply with pollution discharge regulations. However, papermaking enterprises may choose to comply with discharge pollution regulations not only by increasing the successful probability of strong environmental regulations but also by increasing the rewards and punishments for papermaking enterprises as well as by increasing the probability of reporting violations of pollutants. Based on the above results, the author proposes several countermeasures, such as establishing a specialized pollution monitoring agency, encouraging third-party supervision, reporting pollution behaviors, and increasing penalties for polluting companies for violations. China is in a critical period of transition from rapid development to high-quality development. It will provide some reliable references for the construction of a green economy and an ecological economy that the characteristics and relationships between the intensity of government environmental regulations and corporate pollution emissions revealed in this article.
Task-Oriented Intelligent Solution to Measure Parkinson’s Disease Tremor Severity
Authors: AlMahadin Ghayth , Lotfi Ahmad , Carthy Marie Mc , Breedon Philip
Published: September 2021

Tremor is a common symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Currently, tremor is evaluated clinically based on MDS-UPDRS Rating Scale, which is inaccurate, subjective, and unreliable. Precise assessment of tremor severity is the key to effective treatment to alleviate the symptom. Therefore, several objective methods have been proposed for measuring and quantifying PD tremor from data collected while patients performing scripted and unscripted tasks. However, up to now, the literature appears to focus on suggesting tremor severity classification methods without discrimination tasks effect on classification and tremor severity measurement. In this study, a novel approach to identify a recommended system is used to measure tremor severity, including the influence of tasks performed during data collection on classification performance. The recommended system comprises recommended tasks, classifier, classifier hyperparameters, and resampling technique. The proposed approach is based on the above-average rule of five advanced metrics results of four subdatasets, six resampling techniques, six classifiers besides signal processing, and features extraction techniques. The results of this study indicate that tasks that do not involve direct wrist movements are better than tasks that involve direct wrist movements for tremor severity measurements. Furthermore, resampling techniques improve classification performance significantly. The findings of this study suggest that a recommended system consists of support vector machine (SVM) classifier combined with BorderlineSMOTE oversampling technique and data collection while performing set of recommended tasks, which are sitting, stairs up and down, walking straight, walking while counting, and standing.
Research on Optimization of Mining Substitution in Wangzhuang Mine Based on System Dynamics
Authors: Zhong Shuheng , Guo Yuchen , Li Yanjiao , Yang Ming
Published: September 2021

The unbalanced mining replacement is a major problem restricting efficient mining. The optimization of mining replacement process can achieve perfect coordination of mining face and tunneling in time and ensure the efficient production of mine to the greatest extent. Based on this, this paper takes Wangzhuang Mine as the research background, applies system dynamics to mining replacement research, builds the Wangzhuang Mine mining‐driving system simulation model, and uses this model to dynamically simulate the working face 9102 and its replaced heading face 7106. The research has found that there is an imbalance in the replacement between the two working faces, and the replacement process can be optimized by advancing the driving period or increasing the driving team to work in parallel at the appropriate time point, so as to meet the normal demand of mining replacement and provide guidance for the mining plan arrangement of other similar working faces.
The Relationship Between Breast Density Change During Menopause and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Kang Danbee , Kim Ji-Yeon , Kim Ji-Young , Mun Han Song , Yoon Sook Ja , Lee Jieun , Han Gayeon , Im Young-Hyuck , Shin Soo-Young , Lee Se Kyung , Yu Jong-Han , Lee Kyung-Hyun , Kim Mincheol , Park Dohyun , Choi Yoon-Ho , Jeong Ok Soon , Lee Jean Hyoung , Jekal Se Yong , Choi Jong Soo , Guallar Eliseo , Chang Yoosoo , Ryu Seungho , Cho Juhee , Kang Mira
Published: September 2021

Background:

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between changes in breast density during menopause and breast cancer risk.

Methods:

This study was a retrospective, longitudinal cohort study for women over 30 years of age who had undergone breast mammography serially at baseline and postmenopause during regular health checkups at Samsung Medical Center. None of the participants had been diagnosed with breast cancer at baseline. Mammographic breast density was measured using the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System.

Results:

During 18,615 person-years of follow-up (median follow-up 4.8 years; interquartile range 2.8–7.5 years), 45 participants were diagnosed with breast cancer. The prevalence of dense breasts was higher in those who were younger, underweight, had low parity or using contraceptives. The cumulative incidence of breast cancer increased 4 years after menopause in participants, and the consistently extremely dense group had a significantly higher cumulative incidence (CI) of breast cancer compared with other groups [CI of extremely dense vs. others (incidence rate per 100,000 person-years): 375 vs. 203, P < 0.01].

Conclusion:

Korean women whose breast density was extremely dense before menopause and who maintained this density after menopause were at two-fold greater risk of breast cancer.

Prevention Relevance:

Extremely dense breast density that is maintained persistently from premenopause to postmenopause increases risk of breast cancer two fold in Korean women. Therefore, women having risk factors should receive mammography frequently and if persistently extremely dense breast had been detected, additional modalities of BC screening could be considered.
Phase II Trial of Pembrolizumab after High-Dose Cytarabine in Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Zeidner Joshua F. , Vincent Benjamin G. , Ivanova Anastasia , Moore Dominic , McKinnon Karen P. , Wilkinson Alec D. , Mukhopadhyay Rupkatha , Mazziotta Francesco , Knaus Hanna A. , Foster Matthew C. , Coombs Catherine C. , Jamieson Katarzyna , Van Deventer Hendrik , Webster Jonathan A. , Prince Gabrielle T. , DeZern Amy E. , Smith B. Douglas , Levis Mark J. , Montgomery Nathan D. , Luznik Leo , Serody Jonathan S. , Gojo Ivana
Published: September 2021

Immune suppression, exhaustion, and senescence are frequently seen throughout disease progression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We conducted a phase II study of high-dose cytarabine followed by pembrolizumab 200 mg i.v. on day 14 to examine whether PD-1 inhibition improves clinical responses in relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML. Overall responders could receive pembrolizumab maintenance up to 2 years. Among 37 patients enrolled, the overall response rate, composite complete remission (CRc) rate (primary endpoint), and median overall survival (OS) were 46%, 38%, and 11.1 months, respectively. Patients with refractory/early relapse and those receiving treatment as first salvage had encouraging outcomes (median OS, 13.2 and 11.3 months, respectively). Grade ≥3 immune-related adverse events were rare (14%) and self-limiting. Patients who achieved CRc had a higher frequency of progenitor exhausted CD8+ T cells expressing TCF-1 in the bone marrow prior to treatment. A multifaceted correlative approach of genomic, transcriptomic, and immunophenotypic profiling offers insights on molecular correlates of response and resistance to pembrolizumab.

Significance:

Immune-checkpoint blockade with pembrolizumab was tolerable and feasible after high-dose cytarabine in R/R AML, with encouraging clinical activity, particularly in refractory AML and those receiving treatment as first salvage regimen. Further study of pembrolizumab and other immune-checkpoint blockade strategies after cytotoxic chemotherapy is warranted in AML.

See related commentary by Wei et al., p. 551.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 549
Similar Myocardial Perfusion and Vascular Stiffness in Children and Adolescents with High Lipoprotein (a) Levels, in Comparison with Healthy Controls
Authors: Papadopoulou-Legbelou Kyriaki , Triantafyllou Areti , Vampertzi Olga , Koletsos Nikolaos , Douma Stella , Papadopoulou-Alataki Efimia
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims: This study investigated the possible correlation between elevated lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) levels and early vascular aging biomarkers in healthy children and adolescents. Methods: Twenty-seven healthy children/adolescents, mean age 9.9 ± 3.7 years, with high Lp(a) levels without other lipid abnormalities and 27 age- and sex-matched controls with normal Lp(a) levels, were included in the study. The investigation of possible early vascular aging was assessed by measuring vascular function indices: carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), and subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR). Results: Although serum lipid values were within normal levels, mean values of total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were higher in the group of children with high Lp(a) levels than controls (p = 0.006 and p < 0.001, respectively). Vascular function indices did not show significant differences, neither between the 2 groups nor in the subgroups of children with increased Lp(a) levels. These subgroups were defined by the presence or absence of family history of premature coronary artery disease. Lp(a) levels did not show a significant correlation with the other parameters studied, both regarding the whole sample (patients and controls), as well as in the subgroups of elevated Lp(a) levels. However, in the group of children with high Lp(a) levels, c-IMT and PWV were positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.427, p = 0.026 and r = 0.425, p = 0.030, respectively), while SEVR was negatively correlated with AIx (r = −0.455, p = 0.017). Conclusions: Healthy children and adolescents with high Lp(a) levels do not yet have impaired vascular indices, compared to controls. However, in order to prevent early atherosclerosis, it is crucial to early identify and follow up children with high Lp(a) levels and positive family history of premature coronary disease or other cardiovascular risk factors.
LIM Homeodomain (LIM-HD) Genes and Their Co-Regulators in Developing Reproductive System and Disorders of Sex Development
Authors: Singh Neha , Singh Domdatt , Modi Deepak
Published: September 2021

LIM homeodomain (LIM-HD) family genes are transcription factors that play crucial roles in a variety of functions during embryonic development. The activities of the LIM-HD proteins are regulated by the co-regulators LIM only (LMO) and LIM domain-binding (LDB). In the mouse genome, there are 13 LIM-HD genes (Lhx1–Lhx9, Isl1–2, Lmx1a–1b), 4 Lmo genes (Lmo1–4), and 2 Ldb genes (Ldb1–2). Amongst these, Lhx1 is required for the development of the müllerian duct epithelium and the timing of the primordial germ cell migration. Lhx8 is necessary for oocyte differentiation and Lhx9 for somatic cell proliferation in the genital ridges and control of testosterone production in the Leydig cells. Lmo4 is involved in Sertoli cell differentiation. Mutations in LHX1 are associated with müllerian agenesis or Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. LHX9 gene variants are reported in cases with disorders of sex development (DSD). Mutations in LHX3 and LHX4 are reported in patients with combined pituitary hormone deficiency having absent or delayed puberty. A transcript map of the Lhx, Lmo, and Ldb genes reveal that multiple LIM-HD genes and their co-regulators are expressed in a sexually dimorphic pattern in the developing mouse gonads. Unraveling the roles of LIM-HD genes during development will aid in our understanding of the causes of DSD.
Impact of Polypharmacy on Health-Related Quality of Life in Dialysis Patients
Authors: Colombijn Julia M.T. , Bonenkamp Anna A. , van Eck van der Sluijs Anita , Bijlsma Joost A. , Boonstra Arnold H. , Özyilmaz Akin , Abrahams Alferso C. , van Jaarsveld Brigit C. ,   on behalf of the DOMESTICO study group
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Dialysis patients are often prescribed a large number of medications to improve metabolic control and manage coexisting comorbidities. However, some studies suggest that a large number of medications could also detrimentally affect patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Therefore, this study aims to provide insight in the association between the number of types of medications and HRQoL in dialysis patients. Methods: A multicentre cohort study was conducted among dialysis patients from Dutch dialysis centres 3 months after initiation of dialysis as part of the ongoing prospective DOMESTICO study. The number of types of medications, defined as the number of concomitantly prescribed types of drugs, was obtained from electronic patient records. Primary outcome was HRQoL measured with the Physical Component Summary (PCS) score and Mental Component Summary (MCS) score (range 0–100) of the Short Form 12. Secondary outcomes were number of symptoms (range 0–30) measured with the Dialysis Symptoms Index and self-rated health (range 0–100) measured with the EuroQol-5D-5L. Data were analysed using linear regression and adjusted for possible confounders, including comorbidity. Analyses for MCS and number of symptoms were performed after categorizing patients in tertiles according to their number of medications because assumptions of linearity were violated for these outcomes. Results: A total of 162 patients were included. Mean age of patients was 58 ± 17 years, 35% were female, and 80% underwent haemodialysis. The mean number of medications was 12.2 ± 4.5. Mean PCS and MCS were 36.6 ± 10.2 and 46.8 ± 10.0, respectively. The mean number of symptoms was 12.3 ± 6.9 and the mean self-rated health 60.1 ± 20.6. In adjusted analyses, PCS was 0.6 point lower for each additional medication (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: −0.9 to –0.2; p = 0.002). MCS was 4.9 point lower (95% CI: −8.8 to –1.0; p = 0.01) and 1.0 point lower (95% CI: −5.1–3.1; p = 0.63) for the highest and middle tertiles of medications, respectively, than for the lowest tertile. Patients in the highest tertile of medications reported 4.1 more symptoms than in the lowest tertile (95% CI: 1.5–6.6; p = 0.002), but no significant difference in the number of symptoms was observed between the middle and lowest tertiles. Self-rated health was 1.5 point lower for each medication (95% CI: −2.2 to –0.7; p < 0.001). Discussion/Conclusion: After adjustment for comorbidity and other confounders, a higher number of medications were associated with a lower PCS, MCS, and self-rated health in dialysis patients and with more symptoms.
Dose-Related Structural Effects of Photodynamic Therapy on Rabbit Choroidal Structure
Authors: Du Wei , Lee Yin Chih , Wang Tianfu , Cui Haoran , Xu Hui , Bao Xuan , Tang Xin , Zhao Mingwei
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (vPDT) has been shown to be effective against central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and was the preferred therapeutic for CSC treatment. However, alterations in choroidal structure after PDT were reported, and these effects were dose-dependent. This study aimed to compare the changes in choroidal structure after PDT with different doses of verteporfin in rabbits and may provide individualized therapeutic guidance for patients who failed to respond to initial half-dose vPDT. Methods: The full dose of verteporfin used in CSC was 6 mg/m2, which was used in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Laser fluence was 50 J/cm2 (irradiance, 600 mW/cm2, 83 s). There were 4 different dose groups in this study (100%, 70%, 50%, and 30%). The alterations were examined at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after vPDT using color fundus imaging, indocyanine green angiography, and histopathology analysis. Results: Various degrees of choroidal alterations were demonstrated at different dose groups. Examinations on day 1 showed that gradually reduced verteporfin dose tended to decrease photochemical reactions to the choroid in terms of the number of occlusion vessels and area of the lesion. After 1 month, choroid vessel alteration persisted in high-dose groups (100% and 70%); nevertheless, alterations of low-dose groups (50% and 30%) returned to normal. Conclusions: vPDT can induce photochemical reactions of the choroid, high dose causes permanent change, and low dose causes recoverable change. The dose-dependent alterations need to be considered for the individual therapeutic plan according to the situation of a patient with CSC.
Efeito da bandagem elástica em testes funcionais e na co-contração dos músculos do tornozelo em praticantes de Crossfit
Authors: Garcia Gabriel Paglioni , Serrão Ricardo José Tecchio , Kuroda Marina Hiromi , Moreno Vinicius Christianini , Hallal Camilla Zamfolini , Marques Nise Ribeiro
Published: September 2021

O uso da bandagem elástica pode gerar efeitos positivos sobre o controle neuromuscular e biomecânica do movimento, tal como o aumento da estabilidade articular. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da bandagem elástica na co-contração dos músculos do tornozelo, na cinemática e no desempenho durante testes funcionais em jovens praticantes de Crossfi t®. Participaram do estudo 21 jovens (idade: 27,1 ± 5,8 anos) praticantes de Crossfit®. No primeiro dia de coleta foram realizados os procedimentos: as contrações isométricas voluntárias máximas de gastrocnêmio medial e tibial anterior, familiarização e coleta de dados do salto vertical. No segundo dia, foram realizados: a coleta de dados dos testes funcionais (Multiple Hop Test – MHT; e Star Execution Balance Test – SEBT). Todos os testes foram realizados nas condições com e sem bandagem elástica, com a ordem aleatorizada e um intervalo de cinco minutos entre as condições. Para a análise cinemática foi considerado a aceleração do tornozelo nos eixos: transversal (X) e horizontal (Z), durante a aterrissagem do salto. O nível de significância foi de p < 0,05. O ANOVA one-way medidas repetidas não encontrou diferença para as comparações realizadas de co-contração e cinemática. Durante o SEBT, houve aumento do alcance máximo de 3,8% e 5,6% nas direções ântero medial (p = 0,001) e póstero medial (p = 0,005) durante a condição com bandagem elástica. No MHT, houve redução do tempo de execução, em 5,7% e 7,1% dos saltos em progressão anterior com desafi os (p = 0,018 e p = 0,009) na condição com bandagem elástica. O uso da bandagem elástica melhorou o desempenho em testes funcionais de jovens praticantes de Crossfit®, possivelmente, decorrente de efeito placebo.
Prática de atividade física em tempos de pandemia do novo COVID-19: seus benefícios e cuidados
Authors: Alberti Adriano , Soares Ben Hur , Grigollo Leoberto Ricardo , Pasqualotti Adriano , Traebert Eliane , Comim Clarissa Martinelli , Nodari Júnior Rudy José , Schuelter-Trevisol Fabiana
Published: September 2021

A COVID-19 surgiu no final do ano de 2019 na China. Trata-se de uma doença infecciosa causada por coronavírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A doença se espalhou rapidamente pelo mundo e causou colapso nos sistemas de saúde de diversos países. Uma das poucas medidas eficazes para conter seu avanço, enquanto não surgem vacinas, é o distanciamento social. No entanto isso tem causado mais sedentarismo e consumo energético excessivo, pelo confinamento em casa e pela ansiedade gerada pela própria pandemia, aumentando o risco de obesidade e ocorrência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, ou seu agravamento. A prática de atividade física pode prevenir o surgimento dessas doenças, além de ser um grande aliado na prevenção e tratamento de diversas doenças do trato respiratório. Contudo, a prática de atividade física torna-se um desafio entre seguir os protocolos e recomendações das autoridades sanitárias, o que pode influenciar no rendimento físico. Este estudo, por meio de uma revisão da literatura, pontua sobre os benefícios que a prática de atividades físicas pode trazer às pessoas em relação a pandemia de COVID-19 e os cuidados que devem ser tomados para sua prática mais segura.
O saber e o ato
Authors: Candido Antonio
Published: September 2021

Discurso pronunciado por Antonio Candido de Mello e Souza quando recebeu o título de Professor Emérito da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo, em 30 de agosto de 1984. Originalmente publicado na revista Língua e Literatura, v. 10-13, p. 115-20, São Paulo, 1984. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2594-5963.lilit.1984.114567
Discurso de Agradecimento
Authors: Arrigucci Júnior Davi
Published: September 2021

Discurso pronunciado na cerimônia de outorga do título de Professor Emérito da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo, em 19 de maio de 2011.
Entrevista com Teresa Vara
Authors: Vara Teresa Pires
Published: September 2021

Concedida à Ana Paula Sá e Souza Pacheco, Betina Bischof, Chantal Castelli, Ieda Lebensztayn e João Carlos Guedes Fonseca em dezembro de 2000. Originalmente publicada na revista Magma, n. 7, p. 25-35, São Paulo, dez /2001. Recuperada de https://www.revistas.usp.br/magma/article/view/86834
Um homem bom etc.
Authors: Leite Ligia Chiappini Moraes
Published: September 2021

O título alude ao livro de Antonio Candido, Teresina etc. Rio de Janeiro: Ouro sobre azul, 2007.

Uma primeira versão deste texto foi publicada, com cortes, devido a limitações de espaço, no boletim online do IEB, logo depois da morte de Antonio Candido, a convite de Sandra Nitrini. Uma tradução em alemão, para a página do Instituto Latino americano de Universidade Livre de Berlim (Freie Universität Berlin) foi depois publicada numa versão sem cortes. Agora retomo aqui o texto completo em português, mas novamente adaptando-o ao novo veículo, a revista Literatura e Sociedade, do Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada, porque algumas notas mais factuais, com informações que interessavam ao projeto deste número, foram acrescentadas, a pedido da sua comissão editorial. Isso pode explicar o caráter dual do texto que aqui se publica, entre meio ficcional e informativo. Nele procurei unir boa parte das informações, que me foram solicitadas em 12 perguntas, com a tentativa de entender e expressar a figura do Mestre como uma combinação indissolúvel de alta intelectualidade, simplicidade e profunda riqueza humana, com pouco açúcar e muito afeto.

Em tempo, gostaria de agradecer aos colegas responsáveis por este numero de Literatura e Sociedade, por terem concordado com minha proposta deste texto hibrido.
Editorial
Authors: Vidal Ariovaldo , Otsuka Edu Teruki , Fonseca Maria Augusta Bernardes
Published: September 2021

Em 2021, a revista Literatura e Sociedade lança uma edição especial, dedicada à formação da Área de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada, para celebrar seus 60 anos, através de uma compilação de depoimentos e documentos.Com exceção feita à professora Sandra Nitrini, que elaborou um histórico do Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada, os demais colaboradores pertenceram ao primeiro núcleo de professores de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada da USP, a maioria instalada no Prédio da Rua Maria Antônia. Em Depoimentos, além de Nitrini, Adelia Bezerra de Meneses, João Alexandre Barbosa, Ligia Chiappini Moraes Leite e Teresa Pires Vara.Constam também os Memoriais Acadêmicos dos professores Antonio Candido, João Alexandre Barbosa, João Luiz Lafetá e Davi Arrigucci Jr., além do Memorial de Roberto Schwarz, professor que no início de sua carreira atuou na Área. Há ainda os discursos de agradecimento pelo título de Professor Emérito recebido por dois docentes do Departamento, Walnice Nogueira Galvão, Davi Arrigucci Jr. e por seu fundador.Em Entrevistas, vários dos professores mencionados dão seu depoimento memorialístico na forma de diálogo geralmente com alunos, o que no conjunto forma um grande quadro das linhas de força e atuação na história do Departamento, entrevistas nas quais comparecem também dois colegas da Área de Russo – Boris Schnaiderman e Aurora Fornoni Bernardini.Na variada reunião de textos aqui apresentados – como uma carta-documento enviada por Antonio Candido a João Alexandre Barbosa, contando da criação da Área –, encontra-se também um texto elaborado pelo professor João Luiz Lafetá abordando modificações no programa de Mestrado no Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada. Além desse, alguns documentos oficiais como o Pedido de Formação do DTLLC, assinado pela professora Walnice Nogueira Galvão, os Pareceres dos professores Celso de Rui Beisiegel e Jobson de Andrade Arruda e finalmente a Resolução e a Portaria que deram existência formal ao Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada.
Jan Mukařovský na França
Authors: Pier John
Published: September 2021

Embora o estruturalismo tenha se originado no final dos anos de 1920 na Tchecoslováquia, avanços importantes de acadêmicos do Círculo Linguístico de Praga permaneceram amplamente desconhecidos dos praticantes do estruturalismo francês. Este artigo identifica algumas das áreas em que os estruturalismos tcheco e francês divergem. No entanto, alguns princípios do estruturalismo tcheco encontraram lugar no âmbito da pesquisa francesa, como o modelo funcional de comunicação de Roman Jakobson. Alguns pontos de comparação entre os dois estruturalismos, incluindo a “atividade estruturalista” de Roland Barthes ou a estética de Gérard Genette, são brevemente discutidos. Um conhecimento historiográfico mais amplo das duas tradições tem o potencial de enriquecer nossa compreensão de questões que até agora foram insuficientemente exploradas e de abrir novas perspectivas.
O impacto da biologia tcheca e russa no pensamento linguístico do Círculo Linguístico de Praga segundo princípios biológicos
Authors: Sériot Patrick
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo, proponho explorar um aspecto pouco conhecido da biblioteca ideal, ou mundo intelectual, de Jakobson e Trubetskói: o princípio biológico na sua relação com aquilo que atualmente se chama “ecologia global ou holística”. De fato, uma parte significativa do foco de interesse dos assim chamados “russos-praguenses” deve ser considerada no quadro das controvérsias desse período diante do predomínio do “evolucionismo” na biologia, uma ciência que, por um longo período, antes de a linguística tomar para si esse papel – já após a Segunda Guerra Mundial –, desempenhou a função de modelo para as ciências humanas.
As perspectivas de um método
Authors: Carone Modesto
Published: September 2021

Este texto foi originalmente publicado em 1978 como introdução ao livro Círculo Linguístico de Praga, organizado e publicado pelo professor Jacó Guinsburg. Agradecemos a André Carone e Gita Guinsburg a autorização para republicá-lo nesta edição especial da RUS.
Identifying Discordance of Right- and Left-Ventricular Filling Pressures in Patients With Heart Failure by the Clinical Examination
Authors: Pham David D. , Drazner Mark H. , Ayers Colby R. , Grodin Justin L. , Hardin Elizabeth A. , Garg Sonia , Mammen Pradeep P. A. , Amin Alpesh , Araj Faris G. , Morlend Robert M. , Thibodeau Jennifer T.
Published: September 2021

Background:

In ≈25% of patients with heart failure and reduced left-ventricular ejection fraction, right-ventricular (RV), and left-ventricular (LV) filling pressures are discordant (ie, one is elevated while the other is not). Whether clinical assessment allows detection of this discordance is unknown. We sought to determine the agreement of clinically versus invasively determined patterns of ventricular congestion.

Methods:

In 156 heart failure and reduced LV ejection fraction subjects undergoing invasive hemodynamic assessment, we categorized patterns of ventricular congestion (no congestion, RV only, LV only, or both) based on clinical findings of RV (jugular venous distention) or LV (hepatojugular reflux, orthopnea, or bendopnea) congestion. Agreement between clinically and invasively determined (RV congestion if right atrial pressure [RAP] ≥10 mm Hg and LV congestion if pulmonary capillary wedge pressure [PCWP] ≥22 mm Hg) categorizations was the primary end point.

Results:

The frequency of clinical patterns of congestion was: 51% no congestion, 24% both RV and LV, 21% LV only, and 4% RV only. Jugular venous distention had excellent discrimination for elevated RAP (C=0.88). However, agreement between clinical and invasive congestion patterns was poor, к=0.44 (95% CI, 0.34–0.55). While those with no clinical congestion usually had low RAP and PCWP (67/79, 85%), over one-half (24/38, 64%) with isolated LV clinical congestion had PCWP <22 mm Hg, most (5/7, 71%) with isolated RV clinical congestion had PCWP ≥22 mm Hg, and ≈one-third (10/32, 31%) with both RV and LV clinical congestion had elevated RAP but PCWP <22 mm Hg.

Conclusions:

While clinical examination allows accurate detection of elevated RAP, it does not allow accurate detection of discordant RV and LV filling pressures.
Data Preprocessing Method for the Analysis of Spectral Components in the Spectra of Mixtures
Authors: Jackson Richard S. , Wang Qian , Lien John
Published: September 2021

This paper describes a data preprocessing algorithm that can be used to mitigate the effects of interfering spectral components when the goal is to detect the spectrum of unknown components in a mixture of known components or to verify the presence of suspected components in the spectrum of a mixture of known components. The algorithm is both relatively simple and applicable to a wide range of problems in spectroscopy. The range of applicability can be increased by combining the method with other data preprocessing methods, for example derivative spectra, and can also accommodate variability in the spectra of one or more of the known components. Examples of the application of the algorithm to real problems are given for near-infrared analysis of antibiotic drug formulations inside gelatin capsules and mid-infrared analysis of atmospheric pollutants.
Online Training of Salespeople: Impact, Heterogeneity, and Spillover Effects
Authors: Singh Siddharth Shekhar , Sen Ravi , Borle Sharad
Published: September 2021

The authors use data from a field study concerning an online salesperson training program to investigate (1) the overall impact of program participation on sales performance for two kinds of products, “Focus” and “Other” (the direct impact); (2) heterogeneity in the impact of program participation across salespeople; and (3) spillover effect of program participation by others in the vicinity on salesperson performance (the indirect impact). The program contains short-duration training modules accessed via an online platform. Salespeople choose whether to take any module, how many modules to take, and when to take them. Results show that although training improved sales performance, the average impact of training on Other product sales was immediate, significant, and positive, and that on Focus product sales was delayed. Further, the impact of training diminishes over time. The authors find significant heterogeneity in the impact of training across salespeople and regions. Finally, the results show a mixed spillover effect of training by peers. There is a positive spillover effect on sales of the focal salesperson with an increase in the total number of trainings taken by peer salespeople, and a negative or no spillover effect with an increase in the number of peer salespeople taking training.
Double-Effect Donation Disputed
Authors: Cavanaugh Thomas A.
Published: September 2021

In “Double Effect Donation,” Camosy and Vukov argue that “there are circumstances in which it is morally permissible for a healthy individual to donate their organs even though their death is a foreseeable outcome”. They propose that a living donor could ethically donate an entire, singular, vital organ while knowing that this act would result in death. In reply, I argue that it is not ethical for a living person to donate an entire, singular, vital organ. Moreover, mutatis mutandis, it is not ethical for surgeons and others to perform such a deadly operation. For to do so is “intentionally to cause the death of the donor in disposing of his organs”. Such an act violates the dead donor rule which holds that an entire, singular, vital organ may be taken only from a corpse. Contrary to Camosy and Vukov’s claims, double-effect reasoning does not endorse such organ donation.
Emerging Adult Antisocial Problems and Psychological and Physical Maltreatment: Moderation by Other Parent-Child Relationship Quality
Authors: Villanueva van den Hurk Alicia W. , McKinney Cliff
Published: September 2021

Current research supports that both psychological/physical maltreatment by parents and parent-child relationship quality strongly correlate with children’s psychopathology. Less research has examined the interaction effects among these variables, especially in emerging adults. The current study analyzed the association between psychological/physical maltreatment experienced from one parent and antisocial behaviors displayed by emerging adults, as well as the moderating effect of the other parent’s parent-child relationship quality. This sample included 1,364 emerging adults (953 females, 411 males) who reported on past year psychological and physical maltreatment and parent-child relationship quality. Results indicated that, when considered together, parent-child relationship quality was a stronger predictor of emerging antisocial problems than maltreatment, with the exception of the father-son dyad. Additionally, overall findings suggested that having a high-quality relationship with one caregiver was associated with lower antisocial problems in the context of high maltreatment from the other caregiver. Nevertheless, there were deviations from this norm. Unexpectedly, the lowest antisocial problems in females were associated with higher levels of paternal physical maltreatment combined with higher levels of maternal parent-child relationship quality. Moreover, the combination of low paternal psychological maltreatment and low maternal relationship quality was associated with particularly high antisocial problems in males. It is important to note the findings in the context of this sample of college students, who could be considered an advantaged group relative to some others. Since our sample might not represent our entire population of interest, which is emerging adults, it is important for future studies to examine these relationships across more diverse emerging adults. Practical implications are discussed.
Pathway to Expectations of Child Functioning Following Sexual Abuse: Caregiver Maltreatment History and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Mii Akemi E. , McCoy Kelsey , Coffey Hannah M. , Flood Mary Fran , Hansen and David J.
Published: September 2021

Caregiver responses and behaviors often play a significant role in a child’s recovery following child sexual abuse (CSA). Caregiver expectations of their child’s postabuse functioning has been associated with child symptoms, such that negative expectations lead to worse outcomes for the child. Additionally, caregivers who experienced maltreatment in their own childhood may face difficulties providing support to their child after CSA. Caregivers’ own psychological symptoms may influence their expectations for their child’s future functioning following CSA. This study utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the association between caregivers’ childhood maltreatment histories, their expectations for their child’s future functioning following CSA, and the indirect effect of caregiver depressive symptoms on this relationship. Participants were 354 nonoffending caregivers presenting to treatment with their child following CSA disclosure. Caregivers were 23-72 years old ( M = 38.38, SD = 8.02), predominately white, and predominately biological mothers to the youth who were abused. Results indicated that caregivers who experienced maltreatment in childhood were more likely to experience depressive symptoms, which then lead to more negative expectations of their child’s future functioning. As negative expectations are associated with poorer outcomes for children following CSA, increased attention to caregivers’ depressive symptoms in treatment may promote more positive expectations for their child’s postabuse functioning.
Abnormalities of bone marrow B cells and plasma cells in primary immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Yu Tian-shu , Wang Hao-yi , Zhao Ya-jing , Yu Ya-fei , Hou Yu , Liu Shuang , Han Pan-pan , Ni Xiao-fei , Ji Xue-bin , Peng Jun , Liu Xin-guang , Hou Ming
Published: September 2021

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoantibody-mediated hemorrhagic disorder in which B cells play an essential role. Previous studies have focused on peripheral blood (PB), but B cells in bone marrow (BM) have not been well characterized. We aimed to explore the profile of B-cell subsets and their cytokine environments in the BM of patients with ITP to further clarify the pathogenesis of the disease. B-cell subpopulations and their cytokine/chemokine receptors were detected by using flow cytometry. Plasma concentrations of cytokines/chemokines were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Messenger RNA levels of B cell–related transcription factors were determined by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Regulatory B cell (Breg) function was assessed by quantifying their inhibitory effects on monocytes and T cells in vitro. Decreased proportions of total B cells, naive B cells, and defective Bregs were observed in patients with ITP compared with healthy controls (HCs), whereas an elevated frequency of long-lived plasma cells was found in BM of autoantibody-positive patients. No statistical difference was observed in plasmablasts or in short-lived plasma cells between patients with ITP and HCs. The immunosuppressive capacity of BM Bregs from patients with ITP was considerably weaker than HCs. An in vivo study using an active ITP murine model revealed that Breg transfusion could significantly alleviate thrombocytopenia. Moreover, overactivation of CXCL13-CXCR5 and BAFF/APRIL systems were found in ITP patient BM. Taken together, B-cell subsets in BM were skewed toward a proinflammatory profile in patients with ITP, suggesting the involvement of dysregulated BM B cells in the development of the disease.
The Simplified Comorbidity Index: a new tool for prediction of nonrelapse mortality in allo-HCT
Authors: Shouval Roni , Fein Joshua A. , Cho Christina , Avecilla Scott T. , Ruiz Josel , Tomas Ana Alarcon , Sanchez-Escamilla Miriam , Flores Nerea Castillo , Yáñez Lucrecia , Barker Juliet N. , Dahi Parastoo , Giralt Sergio A. , Geyer Alexander I. , Gyurkocza Boglarka , Jakubowski Ann A. , Lin Richard J. , O’Reilly Richard J. , Papadopoulos Esperanza B. , Politikos Ioannis , Ponce Doris M. , Sauter Craig S. , Scordo Michael , Shaffer Brian , Shah Gunjan L. , Sullivan James P. , Tamari Roni , van den Brink Marcel R. M. , Young James W. , Nagler Arnon , Devlin Sean , Shimoni Avichai , Perales Miguel-Angel
Published: September 2021

Individual comorbidities have distinct contributions to nonrelapse mortality (NRM) following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). We studied the impact of comorbidities individually and in combination in a single-center cohort of 573 adult patients who underwent CD34-selected allo-HCT following myeloablative conditioning. Pulmonary disease, moderate to severe hepatic comorbidity, cardiac disease of any type, and renal dysfunction were associated with increased NRM in multivariable Cox regression models. A Simplified Comorbidity Index (SCI) composed of the 4 comorbidities predictive of NRM, as well as age >60 years, stratified patients into 5 groups with a stepwise increase in NRM. NRM rates ranged from 11.4% to 49.9% by stratum, with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.84, 2.59, 3.57, and 5.38. The SCI was also applicable in an external cohort of 230 patients who underwent allo-HCT with unmanipulated grafts following intermediate-intensity conditioning. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the SCI for 1-year NRM was 70.3 and 72.0 over the development and external-validation cohorts, respectively; corresponding AUCs of the Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation–specific Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI) were 61.7 and 65.7. In summary, a small set of comorbidities, aggregated into the SCI, is highly predictive of NRM. The new index stratifies patients into distinct risk groups, was validated in an external cohort, and provides higher discrimination than does the HCT-CI.
Plasma and rhADAMTS13 reduce trauma-induced organ failure by restoring the ADAMTS13-VWF axis
Authors: Kleinveld Derek J. B. , Simons Derek D. G. , Dekimpe Charlotte , Deconinck Shannen J. , Sloos Pieter H. , Maas M. Adrie W. , Kers Jesper , Muia Joshua , Brohi Karim , Voorberg Jan , Vanhoorelbeke Karen , Hollmann Markus W. , Juffermans Nicole P. ,   on behalf of BloodNet
Published: September 2021

Trauma-induced organ failure is characterized by endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and its cleaving enzyme, ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motifs, member 13) in the occurrence of endothelial permeability and organ failure in trauma. In an observational study in a level-1 trauma center, 169 adult trauma patients with clinical signs of shock and/or severe injuries were included. Trauma was associated with low ADAMTS13 and high VWF antigen levels, thus generating an imbalance of ADAMTS13 to VWF. Patients who developed organ failure (23%) had greater ADAMTS13-to-VWF imbalances, persistently lower platelet counts, and elevated levels of high-molecular-weight VWF multimers compared with those without organ failure, suggesting microthrombi formation. To investigate the effect of replenishing low ADAMTS13 levels on endothelial permeability and organ failure using either recombinant human ADAMTS13 (rhADAMTS13) or plasma transfusion, a rat model of trauma-induced shock and transfusion was used. Rats in traumatic hemorrhagic shock were randomized to receive crystalloids, crystalloids supplemented with rhADAMTS13, or plasma transfusion. A 70-kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate–labeled dextran was injected to determine endothelial leakage. Additionally, organs were histologically assessed. Both plasma transfusion and rhADAMTS13 were associated with a reduction in pulmonary endothelial permeability and organ injury when compared with resuscitation with crystalloids, but only rhADAMTS13 resulted in significant improvement of a trauma-induced decline in ADAMTS13 levels. We conclude that rhADAMTS13 and plasma transfusion can reduce organ failure following trauma. These findings implicate the ADAMTS13-VWF axis in the pathogenesis of organ failure.
A near complete genome for goat genetic and genomic research
Authors: Li Ran , Yang Peng , Dai Xuelei , Asadollahpour Nanaei Hojjat , Fang Wenwen , Yang Zhirui , Cai Yudong , Zheng Zhuqing , Wang Xihong , Jiang Yu
Published: September 2021

Background

Goat, one of the first domesticated livestock, is a worldwide important species both culturally and economically. The current goat reference genome, known as ARS1, is reported as the first nonhuman genome assembly using 69× PacBio sequencing. However, ARS1 suffers from incomplete X chromosome and highly fragmented Y chromosome scaffolds.

Results

Here, we present a very high-quality de novo genome assembly, Saanen_v1, from a male Saanen dairy goat, with the first goat Y chromosome scaffold based on 117× PacBio long-read sequencing and 118× Hi-C data. Saanen_v1 displays a high level of completeness thanks to the presence of centromeric and telomeric repeats at the proximal and distal ends of two-thirds of the autosomes, and a much reduced number of gaps (169 vs. 773). The completeness and accuracy of the Saanen_v1 genome assembly are also evidenced by more assembled sequences on the chromosomes (2.63 Gb for Saanen_v1 vs. 2.58 Gb for ARS1), a slightly increased mapping ratio for transcriptomic data, and more genes anchored to chromosomes. The eight putative large assembly errors (1 to ~ 7 Mb each) found in ARS1 were amended, and for the first time, the substitution rate of this ruminant Y chromosome was estimated. Furthermore, sequence improvement in Saanen_v1, compared with ARS1, enables us to assign the likely correct positions for 4.4% of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) probes in the widely used GoatSNP50 chip.

Conclusions

The updated goat genome assembly including both sex chromosomes (X and Y) and the autosomes with high-resolution quality will serve as a valuable resource for goat genetic research and applications.