bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multilingual evidence synthesis on vertebrate population trend data - a systematic map protocol
Authors: Berdejo-Espinola Violeta , Amano Tatsuya
Published: November 2024

Monitoring and quantifying vertebrate population trends globally are essential for understanding the impacts of human threats on species and ecosystems. Accurate population data are necessary to design and implement effective conservation actions. Global biodiversity databases often suffer from geographical and taxonomic biases, which can be partly due to a predominant reliance on English-language sources. To understand the consequences of ignoring non-English-language sources of data on vertebrate population trends, we will conduct a systematic map in regions where English is not widely spoken. The stakeholders include those working on the development of the Living Planet Index, and ecologists and conservation scientists who speak eight different non-English languages. We will search and screen scientific literature only and extract data containing long-term vertebrate population trends, published in the eight non-English languages. The review makes use of global and local platforms, databases, and search engines to maximise the coverage of relevant evidence. The data will enable comparisons between vertebrate population trends based on English-language sources versus those based on non-English-language sources within the same countries. It will also feed new data into the Living Planet Index database and improve its geographic and taxonomic gaps.
The Eastern Bengal Ballads, and the English and the Scottish Popular Ballads: Comparison and Contrast
Authors: Rahman Habibur
Published: November 2024

Ballad is one of the main genres of folk literature. If we look at the ballads of any nation, we can see the similar views of the folk poets. The Eastern Bengal Ballads, and The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, which have different origins, have some similarities and dissimilarities. Both the oriental and the occidental ballads share the same characteristics in some respects and differ in others. The Eastern Bengal ballads have the atmosphere of their own. Similarly, the English and Scottish popular ballads exhibit an atmosphere which is their own. The Eastern Bengal ballads have some special qualities for which they are unique from other ballads of the world. Likewise, The English and Scottish Popular ballads are a separate genre of literature for their individualistic characteristics. This paper attempts to make a comparative study on The Eastern Bengal Ballads, and The English and The Scottish Popular Ballads.
Effects of human-animal interaction on positive youth development: A replication study
Authors: Pachunka Allison , Jeffries Jay Benson , Karr Lisa , Luck Lena , Reiling Bryan , Schultz Doug , Stevens Jeffrey R
Published: November 2024

Interacting with animals can improve health and well-being across the lifespan. Some programs such as 4-H and FFA center around youth interacting with animals, potentially enhancing youth development. Mueller (2014) investigated whether these interactions and attitudes about animals influenced measures of positive youth development. The aim of our studies was to replicate Mueller’s methods and extend her work by evaluating whether membership in animal-focused youth programs moderate any associations between interactions, attitudes, and positive youth development. We did not find strong relationships among human-animal interaction and positive youth development, which failed to replicate Mueller’s findings. However, we did find relationships between animal attitudes and positive youth development, replicating Mueller’s findings. Membership in animal-focused youth programs did not moderate any observed effects. Thus, though animal attitudes are associated with positive youth development, membership in a youth program does not seem to enhance these relationships, and human-animal interactions do not seem to have strong associations with positive youth development.
Unravelling the threads of thought: Probing the impact of contextual factors on mind wandering
Authors: Alexandersen Andreas , Karlsen Krister , Csifcsak Gabor , Mittner Matthias
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the influence of contextual factors on mind wandering (MW) by leveraging an online platform for an established laboratory task. We investigated how direct performance feedback, information about task progression, and the feeling of being monitored influenced performance indices in a task used to investigate the effect of MW on executive control. Our results indicate that specific performance feedback, and not general positive feedback, consistently improved performance, while neither impacted self-reported MW. Conversely, feedback on task progression and the feeling of being monitored increased self-reported MW, possibly reflecting participant self-awareness due to contextual distractions. Intriguingly, information relaying task progression also substantially increased performance. These findings highlight the potential of performance feedback to reduce the negative effects of MW on task performance in an online setting. Additionally, the findings suggest that information about task progression, as well as the notion of being monitored during the experiment can influence task focus and should be taken into consideration when investigating fluctuations of attention during cognitive tasks.
Navigating Peace? Factors Shaping Internationally Displaced Ukrainian Return Intentions
Authors: Nguyen Christoph Giang , Mayer Sabrina J. , Dollmann Jörg , Jacobsen Jannes
Published: November 2024

This study investigates factors driving attitudes towards voluntary return intentions among Ukrainian displaced people. Using a vignette experiment (N = 384; Observations = 1,102) to manipulate home country conditions, we find that, as expected, the most crucial driver for return intention is the presence of peace in the home country. Conversely, economic and social conditions commonly outlined in the general migration literature have little to no effect on return intentions of forcibly replaced individuals. However, we also demonstrate that not all forms of peace are equally convincing; a "punishing" peace, associated with significant territorial loss, resembles an ongoing state of war and thus discouraging refugees from returning. Similarly, while peace itself does improve return intentions, so does greater integration into the international community. Our paper thus demonstrates that the conditions facilitating return are more nuanced than commonly discussed, and that not all forms of peace are seen as equal.
The Influence of Legal Scholars on the Development of International Investment Law
Authors: Byrne William Hamilton
Published: November 2024

International investment arbitration is inhabited by actors who theorize the law as scholars and decide on it when arbitrating, which raises critical questions concerning their normative role within the legal system. This article explores empirically the influence of legal scholars on the development of inter?national investment law through a combined legal-empirical and sociological approach designed to capture the multidirectional nature of influence. It relies on a novel database of all citations to legal scholarship in International Centre for the Settlement of Disputes (ICSID) case law, which is analysed quantitatively and qualitatively and contextualized alongside interviews with 16 leading arbitrators and lawyers. The article firstly introduces the arbitrator/academic as an agent of international law, and then details the methodology. It then turns to provide an overview of citations to legal scholarship in ICSID case law, before considering why legal actors find it useful. The following parts show how legal scholarship influenced the development of the definition of an ‘investment’ in ICSID arbitration through an analysis of legal decisions and scholarship authored by arbitrators. The final part goes into conversation with the actors to further unravel how they manage competing and complementary obligations towards theory and practice, and the article concludes by reflecting on the ethical implications of their law-making function.
Primary school teachers' opinion on value education
Authors: Shah Rajendra Kumar , Chand Rita
Published: November 2024

In ancient times, Krishna financially helped his childhood friend Sudama. Now day's brothers are quarrelling for money and ready to kill each other. Eklavya gave his teacher Dronachrya his thumb happily. Nowadays, a student will not hesitate even for a second before cutting his teacher's thumb. These things prove that people were really good at heart in ancient time because they were taught moral values from the very beginning. That is where present students lag in. Delivery of the knowledge, attitude and skills related to values in schools is as essential as the emphasis on education itself in 21st century. Curriculum designers in every country ought to take values into account. Values rooted deep in the history of nations are of vital importance for the future of the societies. In order to avoid interruptions of transfer of values in children, inclusion of values in school curriculums is inevitable. The present study includes opinion and suggestions of 10 purposively selected primary school teachers of Kailali district on values education, contents of school textbooks, pedagogy they exploit, challenges and policies adopted by government. The whole study depends on interviews of 10 open ended questions. The present study concludes with recommendations on school curriculums and textbooks, pedagogical aspects and ways of tackling challenges in values education. Findings of the present study indicated that values education is urgently needed in Nepal. For this purpose, school education curriculum should be revised and contents related to values should be incorporated in the existing primary education curriculum to make it more relevant from the perspectives of value-based education.
Lesson from the national assessment of students achievement in science: need of dramatic reforms
Authors: Acharya Kamal Prasad
Published: November 2024

The goal of this research is to investigate the level of students' achievement in science and how can we make it easy and competent by taking the feedback from NASA, TIMMS and PISA to develop scientific literacy in Nepal. It provides the criteria to judge progress towards the science education vision of scientific literacy for all. Stratified random sampling was done to pursue this study to select the sampled schools and the students. The sample size for this assessment was 44067 students, including 48% boys and 52% girls from the 1199 randomly selected schools of 28 sample districts, representing each strata of population. The results of the international assessment like Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is compared with the result of this study. The average achievement score in science is 41%, which is very low in comparison to international tests and standards.Nepal government need to improve the condition of scientific literacy through the medium of science education.
Contemporary issues and discrepancies of governance system of higher education institutions with references to community campuses of Nepal
Authors: Subedi Khem Raj , Chaudhary Nathuram , Shahi Min Bahadur , Kandel Damodar
Published: November 2024

This paper portrays on contemporary issues and discrepancies in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) with References to Community Campuses of Nepal focusing on their existing governance system and legitimacy. Government need to have strong and explicit legislation to regulate almost all academic and administrative affairs of community campuses. This is essential ingredient to open the door for quality assurance of higher education system of Nepal. This study paper has taken into consideration these very aspects of community campuses. The specific objectives of the study were; to assess the existing governing system of community campuses and to identify issues and discrepancies of community campuses. This study is based on survey of selected community campuses of provinces seven and five of Federal Republic of Nepal. The main objective of this study is to explore the scope of existing governing system and identify the issues and discrepancies of community campuses of Nepal. There is found great variation and discrepancies in campus management committee formation process and its components, campus chief selection process and its tenure. Likewise, perception of teachers towards their career development was found to be gloomy. There is found substantial variation on workload of teacher and their recruitment process. The transparency and accountability, the hallmark of good governance are found to be poor amongst the respondent campus. The campuses have suffered a lot due to lack of financial sustainability. If this situation recurs for long in higher education arena, it would be catastrophic for nation as whole. Thus, existing scenario paves way to make inference that it is a high time for government and need to prepare strong legislation framework to regulate and address issues and discrepancies of overall governance of community campuses of Nepal.
Knowledge and Practice about Reproductive Health of Muslim Women in Patharaiya
Authors: Upadhayay Parbati
Published: November 2024

The study entitled “Reproductive Health Status of Muslim Women in Kailali Districts” was to find out the general knowledge and practice about some components of reproductive health. the respondents of this study was Muslim married women who are in reproductive age group. There are 24 household of Muslim in Patharaiya VDC ward no. 1 and 4, total household were selected for data collection each women from each household was selected for respondents. Analysis of data reveals that 66 percent respondents got non formal education, few respondents (12.5%) got primary education but none got secondary on higher education. Most of the respondents (91.76%) had knowledge about family planning device but they did not practice it about 86 percent respondents did not use any kinds of device due to their religion. Percent respondents did not seek antenatal checkup form health institution, rather they prefer their relatives and neighbors. respondents felt shy for open talk about their pregnancy condition in the community. They have not knowledge about taking additional ion nutritional food during pregnancy period. Majority, 62 percent of the respondents delivered at home with the help of family members or neighbors in unhygienic conditions this caused various complications among the women of Muslim community. All most all (91%) respondents did not take postnatal care and they did not this may be the result of lack of knowledge, time and money also. The study shows that knowledge on reproductive health is very poor. Awareness should be created in the community to motivate women to utilize the health facilities this will in turn encourage them to seek antenatal and postnatal care. Moreover, focused should be on women who belong to the marginalized group.
Representation of Dalit Characters and Reflection of Their Consciousness in Nepali Short Stories
Authors: Charmakar Rudra Bahadur
Published: November 2024

The paper attempts to explore the position of Dalit characters and their consciousness on the contexts, contents, and issues as portrayed in the select stories from “Nepali Kathama Dalit [Dalits in Nepali Stories]” published by Nepal Academy. The stories written on Dalit subject matters and issues primarily portray the socio-economic and political positions, problems and issues of exclusion of Dalits in different forms. The characters of the stories demonstrate the miserable condition of Dalits; however, they speak up against the oppression and discrimination for their rights, equality, justice and liberation. For the purpose, the researcher has selected the stories of Khagendra Sangroula’s “Sangram Bahadur Sarki”, Narayan Dhakal’s “Sunakhari Tol”, Matrika Pokharel’s “Itihasko Chihanmathi Ubhiyera” and Krishna Bam Malla’s “Pudke Damai”. The stories are plotted on the context, issues, and problems of Dalits and their resistance against the caste system. The study basically explores the representation of the Dalit characters, their socio economic and political positions, consciousness and protest for the change. Hence, the stories are studied from the perspectives class consciousness connecting with caste consciousness. The researcher has employed the qualitative approach with descriptive and exploratory methods.
Critical Approaches to Postcolonialism
Authors: Dhobi Saleem
Published: November 2024

This paper examines distinctive measurements of post colonialism and analyzes the point of view of postcolonial scholars in a way that the concepts on post colonialism and colonialism within the modern scholarly dialog can be comprehended. The speculations and approaches to scholarly examination have made the discourse on post colonialism hot and far from being obviously true as the nations and journalists of the colonized countries have entered into a preface that's expected to be free for basic and imaginative dialogs. The perspective the paper has attempted is exploratory because it includes the basic viewpoints of the researchers such as Che Guevara, Rumina Sethi, Robert Youthful, Arif Dirlik, Amar Acheraiou, Aijaz Ahmad, and Homi Bhabha extending from Europe to Asia. Postcolonial scholars look for the reasons of what happens when two societies collide with each other. Their concern is repercussions of social struggle. Decolonization may be a preparation of vanishing colonizers from the lands they had colonized at a time and ruled on the local individuals. In spite of the fact that decolonization has wrapped up its course, the scholars lock in the perusers within the clash of civilization as experienced by the colonized and caused by the colonizers within the colonized countries within the post-colonial period. The article lays the streams on the issue i.e. post colonialism and its unmistakable flow as seen and conceived by the postcolonial scholars. The paper has utilized a topical approach to discuss post colonialism.
‘यात्रा लामा बगरको’ कृतिमा नियात्रा शिल्प
Authors: पहाडी Pahadi ढुण्डिराज Dhundiraj
Published: November 2024

प्रस्तुत अध्ययन नियात्राकार कुलचन्द्र कोइरालाद्वारा रचित ‘यात्रा लामा बगरको’ शीर्षकको नियात्रा कृतिमा प्रयुक्त विषयवस्तु र त्यसलाई आस्वाद्य बनाउने प्रस्तुतीकरण पद्धतिको विमर्शसँग सम्बन्धित छ । यसमा नियात्रा सिद्धान्तलाई आधार बनाएर विवेच्य नियात्रा कृतिको सघन अध्ययनबाट प्राप्त तथ्यलाई विश्लेषण गर्दै नियात्राको अन्तर्वस्तुलाई सुन्दर बनाउने शिल्पपद्धतिको वस्तुनिष्ठ अनुशीलन गरिएको छ । नियात्राको समीक्षा गर्दा मूलतः निजात्मकता, आलङ्कारिकता, विषयवस्तुगत प्रवृत्ति र भाषाशैलीलाई प्रमुख मानदण्ड बनाइएको छ । नियात्राको विषयवस्तुमा प्रतिबिम्बित तत्कालीन नेपाल चीन बिचको मैत्रीसम्बन्ध, हिमाली भेगका दोलखा, सिन्धुपाल्चोक जस्ता जिल्लाहरूको भौगोलिक, प्राकृतिक तथा आर्थिक झलक र यात्राप्रदेशको सामाजिक जनजीवनका विविध पक्षलाई आत्मपरक शैलीमा प्रस्तुत गर्दै कथ्य र शिल्पबिचको सन्तुलनलाई प्रभावकारी बनाइएको निचोड प्रस्तुत नियात्रा कृितको विश्लेषणबाट प्राप्त भएको छ । यात्राप्रदेशको वस्तुपरक वर्णनले पाठकलाई आकर्षण नगर्ने हुनाले नियात्राकारले पाठकलाई निजानुभूति र आलङ्कारिक सरसताका माध्यमबाट आपूmसँगै यात्रारत गराई नियात्रालाई सुसंवेद्य र पठनीय बनाएको निष्कर्ष प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा पाइन्छ ।
Efficient One-Step Second Derivative Block Numerical Scheme for Solution of first-Order Integro-differential Equations
Authors: Modebei Mark I. , Olaiya Olumide O. , Faniyi Olugbade E. , Otaide Ikechukwu J.
Published: November 2024

In this work, a new class of one-step second derivative block hybrid numerical scheme is developed for the numerical solution of first-order integro-differential equations with the aid of Simpson's 1/3 quadrature method. The collocation techniques is used for the derivation of this new block method which gives high order of accuracy with very low error constants and its zero stable and convergent. The results from the numerical solution of the examples drawn from literature shows its efficiency in terms of the small errors obtained.
Statistical analysis of the matrix method for measuring the radar characteristics of objects
Authors: Ponkin V. A. , Kiryanov O. E. , Korda N. S.
Published: November 2024

The matrix method for measuring the radar characteristics of objects is examined. The method involves irradiating the object with a system of independent test fields, receiving the set of scattered fields, and performing posterior processing of the obtained results based on the superposition principle to determine the required radar characteristics of the object. An analysis of the information capabilities of the matrix method for measuring linear and nonlinear radar characteristics of objects is conducted, considering random errors in the registration of the amplitude and phase of the test signals. The variances of the desired linear and nonlinear radar characteristics of objects are determined, assuming a high signal-to-noise ratio in each test signal reception channel and maximum likelihood estimation of the amplitude and phase of the test signals. It is established that the matrix method for measuring radar characteristics of objects is functional under real conditions involving noise and interference.
Application of probing signals with zero autocorrelation zone for suppression of recurrent range interference in synthetic aperture radars
Authors: Ipanov R. N. , Komarov A. A. , Kozhevnikov K. Yu. , Permyakov S. V.
Published: November 2024

The problem of overlap of echo signals of adjacent probing cycles in synthetic aperture radars (SARs), called range ambiguity interference, or recurrent interference, is considered, which is usually solved by using orthogonal linear frequency modulated (chirp) and phase-code shift keyed (PCSK) in adjacent SAR probing cycles, which allows you to successfully suppress false signals from bright point targets from adjacent repetition periods. For SAR, various types of probing PCSK signals with a zero autocorrelation zone are considered, which make it possible to successfully solve the problem of suppressing recurrent interference from both point targets and extended objects. A comparative analysis of the correlation characteristics of orthogonal chirp and PCSK signals with various types of PCSK signals with a zero autocorrelation zone has been carried out.
Formation of cascaded Gordon–Mills–Welch sequences for digital information transmission systems
Authors: Starodubtsev V. G.
Published: November 2024

Based on the modification of the algorithm for determining the decimation index vector, which is the main component of the Gordon—Mills—Welch sequence (GMWS) synthesis method, an algorithm for determining the decimation index vector A(l, m, n, r1, r2) for the synthesis of cascaded GMWS (CGMWS) with a period N = 2S — 1 = 2lmn — 1 (l 2) in the GF[((2l)m)n] field by summing the sequences formed on the basis of decimation according to the obtained indices of the symbols of the basic M-sequence (MS). The modification of the algorithm consists in combining the vectors of the decimation indices for various combinations of the parameters r1 and r2 in the expression for the resulting vector. The results of calculating the maximum values of the equivalent linear complexity (ELC) of cascaded LCGMWS and conventional LGMWS GMWSs for periods 212–1 ≤ N ≤ 236–1 are presented. It is shown that the ELC of cascaded exceeds the ELC of conventional GMWSs, with an increase in the period the gain BS = LCGMWS/LGMWS increases, and for the period N = 236–1 it is equal to BS=36 = 2.25.
Electroacoustic shear waves in the hollow structure of two piezoelectric
Authors: Afanasyev M. S. , Vilkov E. A. , Byshevsky-Konopko O. A. , Chucheva G. V.
Published: November 2024

Dispersion properties of electroacoustic waves in the gap structure of two different piezoelectrics are considered. It is shown that in the considered structure PbTiO3 – vacuum gap – BaTiO3 in the presence of a difference of shear wave velocities in piezoelectrics there are no purely symmetric and antisymmetric modes, and the coefficients of the boundary localization of the shear wave will be significantly different.
X anniversary international conference of young scientists “Psychology — the science of the future”
Authors: Tarasov S. V.
Published: November 2024

On November 16–17, 2023, the X anniversary international conference of young scientists “Psychology — the Science of the Future” was held at the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) with the support of the Faculty of Psychology of the State Academic University of Humanities. The event was dedicated to discussing topical issues of psychological science, new methods of research and data processing, and the development of cooperation between young scientists from various universities and scientific institutes. The conference featured presentations by participants from more than 30 cities of Russia, near and far abroad in nine scientific areas, breakout sessions, master classes, a round table and lectures. As a result, an electronic collection of conference materials was released. Also experts highlighted the best reports with the right to publish articles in the twelfth collection of young scientists “Psychological Research”, published by the by the Faculty of Psychology of the State Academic University of Humanities and the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
On the Semantic Typology of Adjective Derivation in the Tungus-Manchu Languages
Authors: Pimenova Natalia B.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with parameters for the study of adjectival derivation from the point of view of semantic typology. The bases of semantic typology of word formation and classification of derived adjectives are considered. It is shown that the parameters of Eurocentric standard classifications are shifted towards formal-content samples (derivative formant ~ formant value). The Tungus-Manchu languages demonstrate a possible system in which a significant role has the correlation between a (specialized) formant with a general meaning of ʻpropertyʼ and a limited semantic class of derivational bases. Of particular typological interest are the principles of semantic selection of derivational bases. In the Tungus-Manchu languages, there is a peculiar specialization of suffixes on bases with perceptual features (ʻcolorʼ, ʻtasteʼ, ʻsmellʼ, etc.), as well as on other core semantic types of adjectives. The distribution of individual characteristics of the Tungus-Manchu word formation within the language subgroup and against the areal background is traced.
Literature vs Psychopathology (On the Autobiographic Subtext of Dostoevsky’s Tale “The Double”)
Authors: Kibalnik Sergej A.
Published: November 2024

The article shows that Dostoevsky’s tale “he Double” was created in an atmosphere of gradual maturation of Dostoevsky’s break with Belinsky’s circle. In different chapters of this tale, various moments in the development of his attitude towards Dostoevsky were refracted – from delight and admiration to skepticism and rejection. The final break between Dostoevsky and Belinsky’s circle, which followed after the appearance of “Belinsky’s Message do Dostoevsky”, was preceded by a long development of accumulated contradictions, which, obviously, falls on November – December 1845. Thus, it took place just at the time when Dostoevsky was writing the last chapters of his story, in which Golyadkin Jr. shows all his cunning towards Golyadkin Sr. At the same time, there are features in Golyadkin Jr. that, apparently, contain allusions to some features of the personality of the young Turgenev, known to us from the reviews of memoirists. “The Double” itself is not a monument to a mental crisis or a manifesto of a psychopathological state, but an attempt by the writer to figure out how and why all this happened to him, and thereby overcome that happened through literary creativity.
“Husband” Designations: a Classification of Nomination Models in the Linguo-Semantic Field of Eurasia: Husband as a Socionym, Husband as a Friend
Authors: Mikhailova Tatyana A. , Orlova Mariia V. , Smirnitskaya Anna A. , Fedotova Idalia V.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the second section of a study devoted to identifying and describing models (patterns) of the strategy for designating the notions “husband, spouse” in the languages of Eurasia. The M-2 model “husband as a socionym” is described, within which a number of sub-groups are identified: M-2-1 husband as a “married man”, M-2-2 husband as “power and authority”, M-2-3 husband as a “master” and M-2-4 husband as an “old man”. The data plotted on the map of Eurasia demonstrate a preference for the latter model in Uralic languages, while Germanic languages and a number of others lean toward the M-2-3 and M-2-2 models. The less productive model M-3 is also described, within which the following groups are identified: M-3-1 husband as a “partner in harness”, M-3-2 husband as a “(legal) friend” (most common in the Scandinavian area, as well as productive for reflecting modern realities associated with changes in the very institution of marriage), and M-3-3 husband as a “wife” (reflects the tendency towards mirror designations of spouses). An analysis was carried out of the specific uses of synonymous lexemes (unexpectedly abundant in this sphere), which led to the assumption that the concept of “husband” (as well as that of “wife”) may not at all relate to the semantic domain “terms of kinship and properties” and, moreover, to the area of “basic” vocabulary. When analyzing specific cases of use, an orientation towards the communicative strategy of the speaker was also noted, both of the Ego itself (in this case, the wife), and of third parties, mentioning in their speech the fact of a certain relationship between Ego and a given person. In other words, it can be stated that if such uniquely (?) defined lexical zones as, for example, zoonyms are included in the language zone, the strategy of nomination and selection of the term meaning “husband” belongs rather to the speech zone.
Forensic expert activity and scientific cooperation in conditions of military aggression of Russian Federation against Ukraine: unity of knowledge and professionalism
Authors: Simakova-Yefremian Ella
Published: November 2024

Simakova-Yefremian, Е. (2024). Forensic expert activity and scientific cooperation in con-ditions of military aggression of Russian Federation against Ukraine: unity of knowledge and professionalism. Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics. Issue 2 (35). P. 5—9. DOI: 10.32353/khrife.2.2024.01.
Forensic Characterization of Economic Crimes Committed by Organized Groups with Corruption Relations
Authors: Valentina Korzh
Published: November 2024

The trends in development of doctrine of forensic characterization of crimes, debatable issues regarding its concept, quantitative and qualitative composition are considered. It was established that forensic characterization of crimes is a theoretical category of criminalistics, system of data on the most general specifics of type of crimes, typical circumstances, methods and mechanisms of their commission, and other circumstances that are important for the investigation. The main purpose of forensic characterization of crimes is to implement its data in investigation methods. Globalization processes, scientific and technological progress con-tribute to quantitative and qualitative changes in criminal activity. Legal statistics of the General Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine, results of our research indicate that crimes in the field of property relations, financial and economic and service activities in the process of production, distribution, exchange and consumption of material goods and services at enterprises, institutions, organizations of priority areas of economy, implementation of official powers in the field of managerial, financial, tax, and customs control is most often committed by organized groups with corruption ties. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to determine forensic specifics of economic crimes committed in the priority areas of economy, to develop a conceptual apparatus of such crimes, to characterize economic crimes committed by organized groups with corruption ties, to distinguish their components. In order to achieve the goal, scientific methods of cognition are applied: observation, analysis, analogy, deduction, synthesis, descriptive-analytical, modeling, etc. A new approach to defining the concept of economic crimes is proposed. Economic crimes committed by organized groups with corruption ties are characterized, and their components are singled out for use in the investigation methods of this type of crime.
The mechanism of obtaining a forensic expert’s testimony as an element of evaluating his/her conclusion: forensic-veterinary aspect
Authors: Yatsenko Ivan
Published: November 2024

The paper outlines peculiarities of a forensic veterinarian’s inter-rogation, the subject of which is the provision of testimony by a forensic veterinarian, specification or clarification of a conclusion. The Purpose is to characterize the peculiarities of obtaining a forensic expert’s testimony as an element of evaluating his/her conclusion and to determine its influence on the quality of conclusion evaluation. For this purpose, general scientific and special research methods have been applied. Emphasis is made on the forensic veterinary aspect of this is-sue. It has been proven that the procedure for summoning a forensic expert, the place and procedure of his/her interrogation are governed by the procedural legislation of Ukraine and correspond to the rules of summoning and interrogating other participants in a criminal proceeding. The algorithm of a forensic veterinarian’s interrogation has been defined, including the following stages: 1) defining a forensic veterinarian’s competence; 2) specifying certain aspects involving appointment and the course of forensic veterinary examination conduct; 3) analyzing objects and initial data used by the forensic veterinarian during forensic examination and conclusion compilation; 4) elucidating peculiarities of applied forensic research methods and information sources; 5) argumentating the expert conclusion’s credibility. The procedure of interrogating forensic experts who conducted a set of forensic examinations or panel forensic examination has been identified as well as peculiarities of such interrogation. Сonditions under which it is in-expedient to interrogate a forensic veterinarian have been established. It is argued that from a praxeological point of view, the proposed algorithm of interrogating a forensic veterinarian contributes to the court’s work: it helps to accurately evaluate a conclusion and prevent unnecessary collateral questions.
Methodical Approaches to Determining Harm and Losses from Damage to the Road Infrastructure of Ukraine as a Result of the Russian Federation’s Armed Aggression
Authors: Pivnov Yevhen
Published: November 2024

It has been established that, currently, there are no specialized methods that would contain a clear algorithm for performing studies to determine the extent of harm and losses from damage to the road infrastructure of our country as a consequence of the Russian Federation’s armed aggression in forensic expert practice of forensic construction-engineering and road technical examination studies in Ukraine. It has been established that if such research is necessary, a forensic expert is forced to adapt the previously developed research methodologies to the present realities. Currently, it is proven that there is an urgent need to develop methodologies and improve existing approaches to establishing the scope and amount of harm and losses inflicted, considering the destruction of Ukraine’s road infrastructure due to active hostilities against our country. The Article Purpose is to determine the essence, content, general methodical approaches to establishing the extent of damage and losses from damage to the road infrastructure of Ukraine as a result of the Russian Federation’s Armed Aggression. To fulfill this goal, such general methods of scientific knowledge as observation, comparison, abstraction, analysis, synthesis, modeling, etc., as well as separate (instrumental) and special methods of forensic examination (methodologies of forensic research perform the functions of the latter) have been applied.
Analysis of Interconnectedness in Indian Subcontinent Remittances from the Gulf Cooperation Countries
Authors: Genc Ismail
Published: November 2024

Indian subcontinent is a major remittance receiver. With similar labor market characteristics, their workers go to same host countries. Therefore, their labor is substitutable for each other with high degree of connectedness with direct consequences on remittance inflows. Yet, due to social and political considerations in host countries, substitution may not take place. The issue is an empirical question. We study interactions of remittance inflows into India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka via frequency connectedness. We find a low degree of spillovers across countries, i.e., dynamics of remittance inflows in each country are largely explained by internal factors, not due to spillovers from other countries. That is, remittance inflows in these countries are essentially independent. We also observe that information processing is faster in the short-run than the long-run indicating that market participants are aware of dynamics in other markets. The findings have policy implications for unemployment and foreign exchange.
Legal factors influencing social integration of labour migrants from Central Asia
Authors: Askarov Usen , Sultanova Makhpuratkhon , Akbar kyzy Erkaiym , Salieva Dinara , Dzheenbaeva Kos-Mira
Published: November 2024

Investigation of the impact of legal factors on the integration of migrants provides an opportunity to understand how the legal environment in the receiving countries affects their social inclusion and integration into society. The purpose of this study was to analyse the legal aspects that affect the social adaptation and integration of migrants into the labour sphere. The study employed the following methods: structural-functional method, comparative-legal method, theoretical-predictive method, survey method. It was found that integration is a process that migrants must undergo, both as individuals and as a special socially differentiated group. Despite the existence of international and national laws, the migration of labour from Central Asia is often accompanied by various problems and challenges (illegal migration, lack of social protection, discrimination and inequality). It is necessary to create favourable social, legal, and economic conditions for labour migrants to remove obstacles to their social integration and adaptation by the host society. These conditions should include legalisation of their status, adequate housing, paid employment, social security, insurance, and legally guaranteed compensation payments, as well as ensuring social identification. Generally, it is critical to create a mechanism of integration-adaptation at a higher legislative level for effective support of social integration of labour migrants from Central Asia. To create a new culture of relations with migrants in the host society and to remove contradictions arising from socio-cultural and ethno-religious differences, its main components and content should have a clearly defined socio-cultural orientation. The practical significance of this study lies in the fact that all the theoretical provisions, conclusions, and recommendations can be used by the authorities responsible for migration processes to improve working conditions, protect rights, maintain social stability, stimulate economic development, and support intercultural understanding
The Influence of Fear of Falling on Cognitive-Motor Interference in Walking in Older Adults
Authors:   Dynamic Movement Physical Therapy Center, Mashhad, Iran., Sheikh Mania , Hosseini Hossein Asghar ,   Department of Physical Therapy, School of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Fear of falling (FOF) is common among older people and may impact normal walking in this population. This study aimed to determine the effect of FOF on cognitive-motor interference in walking among older adults. Methods: Ninety older adults with the ability to walk 20 meters and without cognitive disorder participated in this study. Three groups of high FOF, low FOF, and no FOF were identified using the fall efficacy scale-international (FES-I). The cognitive-motor interference was determined for the completion time of three functional movements, namely forward walking (FW), timed up and go (TUG), and obstacle crossing (OC), as well as the correct answer rate in verbal fluency (VF) and mental tracking (MT) tasks. The difference in outcomes between the groups was determined using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The Pearson correlation coefficients determined the association between FES-I and cognitive-motor interference in subjects with FOF. Results: Dual-task cognitive performance measures, including MT + TUG, VF + OC, and MT + OC, significantly differed between the high FOF and no FOF groups (P<0.05). MT + TUG, VF + OC, and MT + OC also showed significant differences between the high FOF and low FOF groups (P<0.05). Other cognitive-motor interference measures were not significantly different between the groups. The FES-I showed a positive correlation with MT + TUG (r=0.76, P=0.001), VF + OC (r=0.72, P=0.001), and MT + OC (r=0.65, P=0.001) in individuals with FOF. Discussion: The results indicate that FOF may impair cognitive performance during dual tasks in older adults. Future studies may be needed to investigate whether reduced FOF has the advantage of dual-task improvement in older people.
Digital Due Process : Evaluating the Ethical Implications of Cloud-Based eDiscovery Tools in Criminal Investigations
Authors: Padmapriya Nagineni
Published: November 2024

This article examines the growing role of cloud-based eDiscovery in law enforcement and its implications for investigative efficiency and individual privacy rights. As cloud technologies revolutionize legal data processing, enabling real-time analysis of vast data volumes, law enforcement agencies are experiencing unprecedented acceleration in investigations and improvements in legal compliance. However, this technological leap raises significant privacy concerns, particularly regarding access to personal digital footprints such as emails, social media posts, and linked content. The article explores the delicate balance between leveraging cloud-based eDiscovery for enhanced law enforcement capabilities and safeguarding civil liberties in the digital age. Through analysis of case studies, legal frameworks, and emerging ethical guidelines, we evaluate current challenges and propose solutions for responsible implementation of cloud eDiscovery in law enforcement. The article underscores the urgent need for a comprehensive approach that harmonizes technological advancements with robust privacy protections, ensuring that the pursuit of justice does not come at the cost of individual rights in an increasingly digital world.
The Role of Middleware in Integrating Legacy Systems with Modern Policy Administration
Authors: Padmaja Dhanekulla
Published: November 2024

This comprehensive article examines the critical role of middleware integration in modernizing insurance industry legacy systems. The article reveals that approximately 75% of insurers rely on systems that are 20-40 years old, consuming up to 70% of IT budgets in maintenance. Through a detailed examination of implementation strategies, benefits, and challenges, the research demonstrates how middleware solutions serve as a crucial bridge between legacy infrastructure and modern Policy Administration Systems (PAS). The article covers key aspects, including protocol translation capabilities, service orchestration frameworks, and data transformation excellence, while providing quantitative metrics on cost reduction (20-30%), operational efficiency improvements (40-50%), and system performance enhancements (99.9% reliability). The article also presents a structured framework for implementing best practices, incorporating assessment, architecture design, security considerations, and testing strategies validated through industry case studies and expert analysis.
Teori Naẓm Perspektif Abdul Qahir al-Jurjani: Posisinya dalam Keilmuan Bahasa Arab dan Spesifikasinya di Antara Teori-Teori Sebelumnya
Authors: Al-Mubassyir Muhammad , Naf'an Abdul Wahab , Ulum Bahrul
Published: November 2024

Following the growth and development of Arabic linguistic sciences, the pioneering of the science of balaghah which was motivated by the i’jāz of the Qur’an began to be discussed among scholars. This discussion started from the point of the Qur’anic miracle, which often led to conflicting views among them. Among the intriguing topics that captured the attention of scholars and critics at the time was the theory of naẓm, which was regarded as the miraculous aspect of the Qur’anic language and later associated with the thoughts of Abdul Qahir al-Jurjani (d. 471 AH). However, this theory was discussed even before al-Jurjani. Al-Jurjani continued, refined, and completed the discussion of what had been initiated by his predecessors. By examining al-Jurjani’s works, Dalāil al-I’jāz, and referring to Ahmad Darwisy and Izzah Jadwa's book, al-Balāgah al-Qur’ānīyah: Dirāsah fī Jamāliyāt al-Naṣṣ al-Qur’ānī, combined with several other sources, this article explores the theory of naẓm from Abdul Qahir al-Jurjani’s perspective, its position within Arabic linguistic sciences, and its specifics in comparison to the naẓm theories discussed by some of his predecessors. The study concludes that Abdul Qahir al-Jurjani’s perspective on the theory of naẓm is a structured arrangement or tarkīb composed through the selection of detailed, specific, and proportional components based on its syntactical meanings (ma’ānī naḥwīyah) which refer to the meanings in the mind (ma’ānī nafsīyah) that are its objectives. This arrangement process is carried out through two methods: ikhtiyār (selection) and ta’līf (composition).