bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of the realistic vegetation cover on the large-scale circulation at seasonal and decadal time scales.
Authors: Di Carlo Emanuele , Alessandri Andrea , van Oorschot Fransje , Cherchi Annalisa , Corti Susanna , Balsamo Giampaolo , Boussetta Souhail , Stockdale Timothy
Published: July 2023

Vegetation is a relevant and highly dynamic component of the Earth System controlling, amongst others, surface roughness, albedo and evapotranspiration; its variability shows changes in seasons, interannual, decadal and longer timescales. In this study, we investigate the effects of improved representation of vegetation dynamics on climate predictions at different timescales: seasonal and decadal. To this aim, the latest generation satellite datasets of vegetation characteristics have been exploited, and a novel and improved parameterization of the effective vegetation cover has been developed. The new parameterization is implemented in the land surface scheme HTESSEL shared by two state-of-the-art Earth system models: ECMWF SEAS5 and EC-Earth3. The former model is used for sensitivity at seasonal timescale, while the latter is for sensitivity at decadal timescale.
Both seasonal and decadal experiments show considerable sensitivity of models' surface climate bias with large effects on December-January-February (DJF) T2M, mean sea level pressure and zonal wind over middle-to-high latitudes. Consistently, a significant improvement in the skill for DJF T2M is found, especially over Euro-Asian Boreal forests. For seasonal experiments, this improvement displays a strong interannual coupling with the local surface albedo. 
From the region with the most considerable T2M improvement, over Siberia, originates a large-scale effect on circulation encompassing Northern Hemisphere middle-to-high latitudes from Siberia to the North Atlantic. As a result, in seasonal experiments, the correlation between the model NAO index against the ERA5 NAO index improves significantly.
These results show a non-negligible effect of the vegetation cover on the general circulation, especially for the northern hemisphere and on the prediction skill.
Long term changes of the sub-daily precipitation extremes in the Carpathian basin
Authors: Lakatos Monika , Szentes Olivér , Izsák Beatrix , Bokros Kinga , Bihari Zita
Published: July 2023

The warming climate evokes increasing frequency of extreme precipitation in some region. Better understanding of the processes that cause extreme precipitation events under the current climate could support the climate model simulations. The investigation of the sub-daily precipitation can help understanding of the nature and drivers of precipitation extremes.
Automatic stations replaced the ombrometers in many places in Hungary particularly from the late 1990s. According to the recent practice the 10 min precipitation data are stored at the meteorological database at the Hungarian Meteorological Service. In a recent a project we have possibility to digitize ombrometer registering papers. We decided to enter the 10 min sums from the registering paper as it could have been measured by the automatic weather station. As a result of the digitization process 10 in rainfall depth for five stations will be available for trend analysis to detect changes from the first half of the early 20th century.
A set of hydroclimatic indices on 1-hour sum have been defined in the INTENSE project is in correspondence with the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)'s Grand Challenge on 'Understanding and Predicting Weather and Climate Extremes' and the Global Water and Energy Exchanges Project (GEWEX) Science questions. Some of the indices defined in INTENSE and implemented in INDICES computer program developed at Newcastle University describes the maximum rainfall totals and timing, the intensity, duration and frequency of heavy precipitation, frequency of rainfall above specific thresholds and some of them is related to diurnal cycle. A few of these indices are analysed for Hungary in this work. We also refer for the joint effort in the recent past in the Carpathian Basin focusing on the change of the sub-daily precipitation extremes (Lakatos et al., 2021).
Lakatos, M.; Szentes, O.; Cindrić Kalin, K.; Nimac, I.; Kozjek, K.; Cheval, S.; Dumitrescu, A.; Irașoc, A.; Stepanek, P.; Farda, A.; Kajaba, P.; Mikulová, K.; Mihic, D.; Petrovic, P.; Chimani, B.; Pritchard, D. Analysis of Sub-Daily Precipitation for the PannEx Region. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 838. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12070838
Acknowledgements:
The research presented was carried out within the framework of the Széchenyi Plan Plus program with the support of the RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00014 National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change project.
Deriving wind gusts based on Doppler lidar measurements using a fast continuous scan mode
Authors: Detring Carola , Päschke Eileen , Kayser Markus , Leinweber Ronny , Beyrich Frank
Published: July 2023

Doppler lidar systems scanning with a Velocity Azimuth Display (VAD) configuration are commonly used to determine profiles of wind speed and direction in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL, e.g. Päschke et al., 2015). In addition to the mean profile, short-term fluctuations of the wind, such as those that occur in connection with wind gusts, are of great interest and practical relevance.
For Doppler lidar systems of the type “Streamline” (Halo Photonics) we defined and tested a scan configuration which appears suitable for the derivation of wind gusts. In particular, a conical scan mode is used and performed as a so-called fast continuous scan mode (fast CSM) that allows with 3.4s a comparably fast duration for one single conical scan with 10-11 beam directions. Such a fast scan is required to measure wind gusts according to the widely accepted definition of a wind gust (3s moving average; WMO (2018)).
This special configuration introduces challenges to the data processing. Based on the fixed laser pulse repetition rate (10 kHz) of the lidar system comparatively few laser pulses are forming one measurement beam which in turn affect the quality of the radial velocity estimates. For that reason, classical approaches for data filtering (signal-to-noise thresholding, consensus filtering) are not always suitable. We therefore developed an alternative method for processing the raw lidar data.
Measurements from a one-year test operation of a Streamline Doppler lidar in the fast CSM at the boundary layer field site (GM) Falkenberg of the German Meteorological Service (DWD) were used to derive both the mean wind vector and the maximum wind gust for 10-minute averaging intervals. The results were compared with sonic measurements at 90m height. We obtained a very good correlation and RMSD values of ~0.3m/s for the mean wind speed and ~0.64m/s for the wind gusts. Similar results were obtained during a 4-weeks campaign at the “Hamburg Weather Mast” at larger heights (175m and 250m).
Besides these statistical results we will show examples of the gust detection for different weather situations (thunderstorm with cold pool, frontal passage, storm depression, convective gustiness) with particular emphasis on the vertical gust propagation.
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (2018): Measurement of surface wind. In Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, Volume I -Measurement of Meteorological Variables, No.8: 196–213, URL:https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=12407#.ZD7G0c7P1aS (accessed April 2023)
Päschke, E., Leinweber, R., and Lehmann, V. (2015): An assessment of the performance of a 1.5 μm Doppler lidar for operational vertical wind profiling based on a 1-year trial, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 2251–2266, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2251-2015
A review of 3-D cloud reconstruction methods using all-sky imagers
Authors: Giannaklis Christos , Logothetis Stavros Andreas , Salamalikis Vasileios , Tzoumanikas Panagiotis , Kazantzidis Andreas
Published: July 2023

Clouds are a crucial component of the Earth’s atmosphere, affecting sunlight and the outgoing thermal-infrared radiation. The high spatiotemporal variability of clouds and the complex response to global warming induce high uncertainties in climate change projections. The parameterization of the cloud field is quite challenging due to the complex 3-D structure of clouds. Under the project “Deep 3-D scattering of solar radiation in the atmosphere due to clouds−D3D”, the reconstruction of the 3-D cloud field will be investigated using all-sky imagers (ASI) located in proximity. The present work provides an overview of the existing 3-D cloud reconstruction methodologies.
Most attempts to reconstruct the 3-D profile of clouds are focused on Earth-observing satellite data. Ground-based all-sky imagers have been successfully used for 3-D cloud reconstruction, providing an alternative to satellites. A dense stereo approach from photogrammetry has been applied for the reconstruction of the 3-D geometry of clouds from two fisheye cameras. The specific approach combines calibration, and epipolar rectification together with a dense stereo matching algorithm to search for correspondence information at every pixel. The resulting dense points allows to recover detailed cloud shapes above the area around the ASIs. Tomographic methods have also been applied to sets of multiple simulated ASIs to reconstruct 3-D fields of extinction coefficients. The Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART) is applied to optical depth maps from ASIs, derived from the Radiance Red Blue Ratio (RRBR) method, to reconstruct the vector of extinction coefficients by solving a system of linear equations, without considering multiple scattering effects. An iterative reconstruction technique that iteratively updated the source function improved the results of the ART, by minimizing the error between input measured transmitted radiance and simulated transmitted radiance. The accuracy of the above methodology is explored as a function of the number of ASIs and their distances.
Solar influence on Arctic Oscillations
Authors: Chapanov Yavor
Published: July 2023

The Arctic Oscillations (AO) are connected with various regional and global climatic events. These oscillations are important to study recent climate change and to improve our knowledge about the dynamics of climatic disasters. The main sources of these oscillations are the influences of global warming, solar activity and cosmic rays on climatic variations. The solar activity affects climatic processes by the Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) variations, solar wind and solar magnetic field. The variations of solar magnetic field are connected with the asymmetrical distribution of sunspots around the solar equator. These variations modulate heliosphere, geomagnetic field and galactic cosmic rays, whose influence on climate oscillations depends on ozone production in high latitudes. The solar influence on Arctic Oscillations are analyzed by centennial time series of TSI and North-South (N-S) solar asymmetry. The time series of Arctic Oscillation since 1850 are combined by data, prepared by David W. J. Thompson with the data from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis after 1958. The combined Arctic long time series are analyzed by the Method of Partial Fourier Approximation (PFA) and compared with solar cycles in several narrow frequency bands. In addition, time series from 20th Century Reanalysis V3 dataset of surface monthly means air temperature inside the North polar circle are analyzed and compared with solar data. Various common solar and atmosphere cycles in narrow frequency bands are detected, whose periodicity is between 3 and 80 years. The mean variations of atmosphere data are determined by averaging in moving 2-year window. The AO and temperature time series have positive trends after 1960, where the rate of temperature rise is 0.107 degree per year since 1988. The solar influence on AO variations is dominated by the N-S solar asymmetry, and this points out to the important role of cosmic rays and geomagnetic field on climatic cycles. These results can help to divide natural solar from anthropogenic effect in recent global warming and to improve scenario of future climate change.
Dynamic Vulnerability of residential buildings - Quantifying the effect of previous storm events on damages
Authors: Trojand Andreas , Rust Henning , Ulbrich Uwe
Published: July 2023

Severe storm events are one of the most damaging natural hazards in Central Europe and thereby under special focus in disaster risk management. One key element for risk reduction is the vulnerability. Risk assessments often assume vulnerability as constant which lead to an overestimation of risk in the future. The aim of this work is to quantify the dynamics of vulnerability in order to better assess future risk.
An important factor for the dynamics of vulnerability is the hazard itself. Extreme events destroy the most vulnerable elements, which are rebuild or repaired in a less vulnerable way. The intensity of the previous events and the resulting damage is therefore a decisive factor in the extent to which vulnerability is reduced. A second important factor is the period between events, which can be called the reconstruction phase. If the next event occurs during the reconstruction phase, vulnerability is higher than when the reconstruction phase is completed.
In this work, the impact of previous storm events on the vulnerability of residential buildings is analysed. For this purpose, generalised additive models are implemented to estimate vulnerability curves, which are set as a function of the intensity of the previous event and the duration between the events. The damage is extracted from a 23 yearlong data set of daily storm and hail damages for insured residential buildings in Germany on county level provided by the German Insurance Association and the hazard compoment is described by the daily maximum wind gust calculated from the ERA5 reanalysis.
First results show a negative linear relationship between the intensity of the previous event and the damage of the current event. The duration between two events shows a significant reduction of the damage for events that have a summer season between the events and hardly any difference when the storm events occur within a winter season.
Identifying controls of the intensity of extra-tropical cyclones using a massive ensemble of baroclinic life cycle simulations.
Authors: Bouvier Clément , van den Broek Daan , Ekblom Madeleine , Sinclair Victoria
Published: July 2023

Idealised simulations of extra-tropical cyclones (ETCs), often referred to as baroclinic life cycles, have previously been extensively used to understand ETC dynamics. More recently, baroclinic life cycle simulations have proved useful to investigate how ETCs may respond to climate change. However, these simulations are often difficult to set up and previous studies that have used baroclinic life cycle simulations to understand cyclone dynamics often include only a handful of different initial background states. Here we introduce a flexible set up for both dry and moist baroclinic life cycles that can be run with and without physics that has been implemented successfully into OpenIFS. A key strength of this set-up is that via the namelist a user can control many aspects of the background state: the height, width and strength of the jet, the average temperature, the environmental lapse rate, the surface relative humidity and the surface roughness. Using this set-up we have performed a huge ensemble (more than 5000 members) of baroclinic lifecycle simulations with the aid of climateprediction.net, a volunteer computing, climate modelling project coordinated by the University of Oxford. Using machine learning techniques we investigate how the intensity, as quantified by a range of metrics, depends on the prescribed background state. Furthermore, we attempt to physically understand the statistical relations between cyclone intensity and the background state by computing energy budgets and the energy efficiency of the simulations. These results concerning controls on ETC intensity will be presented and interpreted with regards to how ETC intensity may change in the future as the climate warms.
SPEEDY-NEMO: performance of a fully-coupled intermediate-complexity climate model
Authors: Ruggieri Paolo , Abid Adnan , García-Serrano Javier , Grancini Carlo , Kucharski Fred , Pascale Salvatore , Volpi Danila
Published: July 2023

A fully coupled general circulation model of intermediate complexity is documented. The model, named SPEEDY-NEMO, is based on the coupling of an intermediate complexity atmospheric GCM and a low resolution ocean and sea ice model, which is designed to achieve a compromise between resolution, complexity and computational cost while maintaining a realistic representation of the climate system. Early versions of the model have already been reported sporadically in the scientific literature, but a comprehensive review of the coupled model climatology and variability is missing. The study presents an overview of the model climatology and variability, with particular attention for the phenomenology of processes that are relevant for the predictability of the climate system on seasonal to decadal (S2D) time scales. It is shown that the model can realistically simulate the general circulation of the atmosphere and the ocean, as well as the major modes of climate variability on the examined time scales: e.g., El Niño Southern Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation, Tropical Atlantic Variability, Pacific Decadal Variability, Atlantic Multi-decadal Variability. We show that the model yields a realistic simulation of oceanic and atmospheric modes of seasonal to decadal variability. It is argued that the presented model can be applied to investigate a range of scientific questions that are relevant to the understanding of S2D predictability and the development of S2D predictions. We argue that the presented model is suitable to be employed in traditional and innovative model experiments that can play a significant role in future developments of seasonal to decadal climate prediction. 
Case study evaluation of the prediction and communication of flash flooding risk using a value chain approach.
Authors: Mooney Carla , Wilke David , Fox-Hughes Paul , Ebert Beth , Hoffmann David
Published: July 2023

Flash flooding is a significant risk to public safety in Australia.  It typically occurs over small spatial scales within 6 hours of the onset of rainfall and is generally difficult to predict. This is largely because of uncertainties in forecasting the intensity and spatio-temporal distribution of heavy rainfall and the landscape response. This means that accurate forecasts of the timing and location of flash flooding are often not possible with certainty ahead of an event. These issues around the current predictive capability exacerbate existing communication challenges.
Current approaches to flash flooding prediction, public information and warning are informed by evidence but are not yet sufficiently effective. A recent inquiry into severe rainfall and flooding events in Eastern Australia in 2022 highlighted the need for further research to improve predictions of extreme rainfall and associated impacts. Communicating the uncertainty in forecasts and predictions to enable emergency management preparedness and public safety messaging and warning to the community is especially challenging in these high impact low probability events.
To address these knowledge gaps and improve operational practices, it is important to have a strong understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of current approaches to predicting and communicating flash flooding risk. This project involves case studies of flash flooding events using the value chain approach to evaluate the current forecasting and warning services.
The case studies utilise the guidelines and templates developed by the WWRP Value Chain project. We take a multidisciplinary approach combining physical and social science with practitioner perspectives to examine the end-to-end warning chain for three flash flooding events. It brings together an analyses a range of data including:

Weather and hazard observations and forecasts;
Societal, economic and environmental impacts;
Warning and forecast communication, including advice provided to emergency services, and public forecast and warning information by the Bureau, local councils, emergency services and police.
Warning response.

 The case studies provide a baseline of current practice and its effectiveness and will inform the development of strategies to improve the prediction and communication of flash flooding risk.
CORDEX Flagship Pilot Study URB-RCC: Urban Environments and Regional Climate Change
Authors: Halenka Tomas , Langendijk Gaby
Published: July 2023

Cities play a fundamental role in climate at local to regional scales through modification of heat and moisture fluxes, as well as affecting local atmospheric chemistry and composition, alongside air-pollution dispersion. Vice versa, regional climate change impacts urban areas and is expected to increasingly affect cities and their citizens in the upcoming decades. Simultaneously, the share of the population living in urban areas is growing and is projected to reach about 70 % of the world population by 2050. This is especially critical in connection to extreme events, for instance, heat waves with extremely high temperatures exacerbated by the urban heat island effect, in particular during night-time, with significant consequences for human health.
Additionally, from the perspective of recent regional climate model development with increasing resolution down to the city scale, proper parameterization of urban processes plays an important role to understand local/regional climate change. The inclusion of the individual urban processes affecting energy balance and transport (i.e. heat, humidity, momentum fluxes, emissions) via special urban land-surface interaction parameterization of local processes becomes vital to simulate the urban effects properly. This will enable improved assessment of climate change impacts in cities and inform adaptation and/or mitigation options, as well as adequately prepare for climate-related risks (e.g. heat waves, smog conditions, etc.).
Cities are becoming one of the most vulnerable environments under climate change. Therefore, we introduced this topic to the CORDEX platform aiming to provide regional climate downscaling, within the framework of so-called flagship pilot studies on challenging issues and gaps in regional climate change knowledge. The main aims and progress of this activity will be presented, on the analysis of previous simulations available and test case studies. 
Exploring spatial heterogeneity for land use and local climate zones interactions using multi-resolution analysis
Authors: Mouzourides Petros , Eleftheriou Andreas , Kyprianou Andreas , Ching Jason , Neophytou Marina
Published: July 2023

Recently, the nexus between urban microclimate, outdoor and indoor thermal comfort, the following linked urban energy demands, and the corresponding CO2 emissions footprint has garnered significant attention from both the scientific community and individuals responsible for decision making. The need to establish a low-carbon society and reduce human impact on the environment requires the consideration of potential environmental consequences associated with urban form changes in cities, particularly in relation to planning and development strategies. The World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT) collects information on the physical geographies of urban areas worldwide for the benefit of the scientific community. This study proposes a novel methodology on how to translate geographically-based information through the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) classification, into a complete gridded numerical information for atmospheric numerical modeling or multi-resolution post-treatment. This is done so that numerical modelers will be able to make use of and capitalize on the vast amount of data that is available to them. In order to examine the relationship between the urban form and the CO2 emissions footprint, we used the Metropolitan London area as a case study. In addition, the Principal Component Analysis was used to investigate the connection between the type of urban development and the amount of CO2 emissions. The key conclusion of our analysis suggests that sparser arrangement of buildings, as indicated by lower λ⁠p values, is associated with a decrease in CO⁠2 emissions. Moreover, the potential of this study lies in utilizing the materiality of individual buildings and their corresponding energy requirements to achieve energy efficiency, which aligns with the objectives of WUDAPT Level 1 and 2.
Future shifting of grapevine phenological phases: Simulation using STICS model
Authors: Omazić Branimir , Kvakić Marko , Telisman Prtenjak Maja , Meštrić Josip
Published: July 2023

Due to the increase in temperature in recent decades, the onset of the phenological phase in the grapevine is also getting earlier. Earlier occurrences of phenological phases make the vines more vulnerable to frost, increase the risk of temperature stress in the last stages of development, and affect the quality of the final harvest. Considering that the temperature will continue to rise in the future, further changes in the phenological cycle of the vines are also expected. Therefore, it is important to model the future appearances of phenological phases as accurately as possible. One of the ways to succeed in this is to use the crop model, such as the STICS (Simulateur mulTIdisciplinaire pour les Cultures Standard) model. STICS model has been developed since 1996 at INRA and has been widely used for grapevine phenology prediction.
In this research, the STICS model is coupled with daily output from climate models; three CORDEX Regional Climate Models’ (RCMs) simulations (CLMcom-CCLM4-8-17, SMHI-RCA4, CNRM-ALADIN5.3) for Croatian domain and varieties. All RCMs are forced by output from Global Climate Models (GCMs) with a moderate (RCP4.5) and a high-end (RCP8.5) greenhouse gas (GHG) scenarios. SMHI-RCA4 is driven by five different GCMs (CNRM-CERFACS-CNRM-CM5, ICHEC-EC-EARTH, IPSL-IPSL-CM5A-MR, MOHC-HadGEM2-ES and MPI-M-MPI-ESM-LR), CLM by four (CNRM-CERFACS-CNRM-CM5, ICHEC-EC-EARTH and MOHC-HadGEM2-ES, MPI-M-MPI-ESM-LR), and CNRM-ALADIN5.3 with one (CNRM-CERFACS-CNRM-CM5). All the simulations have horizontal grid spacing of 0.11◦. Phenological phases in the STICS model, for 4 cultivars (Graševina, Plavac Mali, Chardonnay, and Merlot) were parameterized using meteorological measurements and observations of phenological phases. Once satisfactory results have been obtained in the present climate, the STICS model was used to study the differences in the occurrence of phenological phases in the future climate compared to the controlled period 1971-2000. The results show that a shift in phenological phases is expected in the future, regardless of the cultivar. The robustness of future changes depends on the localization analyzed.
Towards a Drought Resilient Society
Authors: Bokal Sabina , Smetanova Anna
Published: July 2023

The experience of Global Water Partnership Central and Eastern Europe through the Integrated Drought Management Programme
The topics that will be covered in this strategic lecuture are:

Droughts in a changing environment
Integrated Drought Management Programme (IDMP)
IDMP activities in Central and Easter Europe (managing drought in CEE region)
Way forward (based on the IDMP and DriDanube dialogues and Danube drought conference 2021, etc.)
Developing a new warning system at the German Meteorological Service
Authors: Feige Kathrin , Erhardt Bodo , Hagedorn Renate
Published: July 2023

One of the most important tasks of the German Meteorological Service (DWD) is to issue weather warnings. In the current operational warning system, forecasters interpret a multitude of meteorological data with respect to a set of threshold-based warning criteria. Warning regions are then manually identified and sent to an automatic post-processing chain, which generates the final warning products to be distributed in relevant communication channels.
Even though DWD’s weather warnings are mostly perceived well by its end-users, there are some drawbacks to the current system. They include a short lead time of warnings, a complex catalog of warning criteria, and missing flexibility towards specialized user requirements. To tackle these shortcomings, DWD launched a program called RainBoW (“Risikobasierte, anwendungsorientierte, indiviualisierbare Bereitstellung optimierter Warninformationen” or “Risk-based, application-oriented and individualizable delivery of optimized weather warnings” in English) to optimize its warning system.
RainBoW focusses on three fields of action. First, the forecast horizon of warnings will be extended up to 7 days into the future to inform users early on, while also communicating the uncertainties resulting from larger lead times. Second, the comprehensibility of warnings will be enhanced by reducing the complexity of the warning criteria catalog and by taking weather impacts into account. Third, warnings will be made individualizable. This means, that users with specific requirements, e.g. in terms of warning thresholds and/or considered areas, will get the possibility to configure individual warnings matching their particular use case and their individual meteorological thresholds. These individualized warnings will be generated automatically based on user-created warning profiles. 
The three fields of action serve RainBoW’s overarching goal to tailor warnings more strongly towards the needs of end-users, such that they are enabled to take appropriate action in case of significant and extreme weather.
This contribution will describe the conceptual ideas behind RainBoW along with some first results.
DWD-Crowdsourcing: User Reports available on Open Data
Authors: Spitzer Arne , Kempf Harald , Jerg Matthias , Blahak Ulrich
Published: July 2023

Since July 2020 the DWD WarnWetter-App comprises the Crowdsourcing-module “User Reports”. This module provides users the functionality to report observations about current weather conditions and severe weather to DWD and other users. The data is daily collected and available on DWD’s Open Data portal (https://opendata.dwd.de/weather/crowdsourcing/warnwetter/).
The user reports represent the current meteorological conditions at a certain place at a certain point of time. The Crowdsourcing-module provides 10 different meteorological categories (lightning, wind, hail, rain, wet icy conditions, snowfall, snow cover, cloudiness, fog, tornado), each of which contains specific characteristic levels and optionally additional attributes. In addition, the user has the option of setting the location and time of the event manually.
The benefit of the data is that meteorological information at ground level is collected at places where no weather station is located in the immediate vicinity. The dataset is able to complement the existing synoptic station network. In the future, the data could improve the evaluation of the current meteorological conditions and the warning management particularly during extreme weather events.
There is no sophisticated quality control for the user reports. Instead, the users are expected to estimate and report the weather conditions as accurate as possible. Badly inaccurate and false reports are detected by reference data and are excluded instantly. Additionally, in the app users have the opportunity to manually flag meteorologically doubtful reports. Other quality assurance methods are under development.
This contribution contains some numbers and statistics on previous user reports, shows some meteorologically interesting cases, and gives an insight into quality control.
Characterization of agricultural drought propagation on the Iberian Peninsula through non-parametric indices
Authors: Possega Marco , García-Valdecasas Ojeda Matilde , Gámiz-Fortis Sonia  Raquel , Di Sabatino Silvana
Published: July 2023

This study presents a multi-temporal analysis of the propagation mechanism from meteorological to agricultural drought events over the Iberian Peninsula. The analysis was carried out using a multi-scale reanalysis dataset covering the period from 1950 to 2021, which contained multiple drought events. To identify meteorological drought episodes, the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was used, while three different non-parametric agricultural drought indices were adopted for the detection of agricultural droughts. These indices range from the univariate Standardized Soil Moisture index (SSI) to multi-variate indices such as the Multivariate Standardized Drought Index (MSDI) and the Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration and Soil Moisture index (SPESMI) in order to separately consider the physical quantities involved in the process. Additionally, a new Combined agricultural drought index (COMB) was proposed. The statistical approach based on run theory was employed, and several characteristics of the drought propagation were analyzed, including the response time scale, propagation rate, propagation probability, and lag time, both over the entire dataset period and specifically over the representative 2005 drought episode. The results showed a fast response time scale of about 1 or 2 months for agricultural drought events, in agreement with other studies based on in-situ measurements. There was a high probability of occurrence when considering the transition from seasonal or monthly meteorological to monthly agricultural drought events. The duration of agricultural drought was found to be shorter than that of meteorological drought, with a delayed onset but the same term. The propagation probability was found to increase according to the severity of the originating meteorological drought. The results obtained by multi-variate indices showed a more rapid propagation process and a tendency to identify more severe events with respect to the univariate, implying that the contribution of other variables accelerated the response compared to the soil moisture alone. The newly developed combined agricultural drought index was found to be a useful tool for balancing the characteristics of other adopted indices. These findings could serve as a cue for future studies involving ensembles of indices to overcome the issue related to the specificity of single drought indices. Additionally, the adopted methodology can be useful for carrying out future investigations dedicated to a global warming environment, assuming non-stationary conditions.
From Data to Decision - Using Open Data in the Cloud
Authors: Stoner Chris
Published: July 2023

Cloud computing has opened the doors to large scale analysis of environmental data.  AWS created the AWS Open Data program to help Governments, research institutions, and private companies share massive amounts of data publicly in the cloud. Sharing data in the cloud means that the data in the cloud can be utilized by many reseachers at the same time, without the time consuming download before research can start. Researchers no longer have to find storage for the data they want to analyze, rather they can use the data in place in the cloud. The AWS Open Data program hosts over 100 Petabytes of data for public use, with a broad range of compute and data analytics products, including Amazon EC2, Amazon Athena, AWS Lambda, Amazon SageMaker and SageMaker Studio Lab, and Amazon EMR to help the community use the data in the cloud at scale. Sharing data in the cloud lets data users spend more time on data analysis rather than data acquisition, and the Open Data program offers the Registry of Open Data to find and use these data for analysis. Join this session to hear first hand from organizations sharing data how and why they have put data into the Open Data Program, discover best practices for sharing data in the cloud, learn how to find publicly available datasets through the Registry of Open Data on AWS, find out how to use data in the cloud with templates and code samples that you can take home to try, and how you can share your own data through the AWS Open Data program.
Determinasi Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Laba (Perusahaan Industri Sektor Barang Konsumsi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2021)
Authors: Atika Purnamasari
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This research was conducted to examine the effect of net profit margin (NPM), return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) on profit growth in industrial companies in the consumer goods sector listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2019-2021. The research method used is descriptive analytical research method and this type of research is quantitative research. The population in this study are industrial companies in the consumer goods sector that are listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2019-2021. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique so that a total sample of 37 companies was obtained with a total of 111 observations. The data source in this study is secondary data downloaded via www.idx.co.id and the website of each company in the form of the company's 3-year annual financial report for the 2019-2021 period. The data analysis technique in this study used multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS V25 software tools. The results of research testing show that (1) Net Profit Margin (NPM) has no significant effect on profit growth, (2) Return On Equity (ROE) has a positive and significant effect on profit growth, and (3) Return On Assets (ROA) has no effect significant to profit growth.

Keywords: Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return On Equity (ROE), Return On Assets (ROA), and Profit Growth

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh net profit margin (NPM), return on equity (ROE) dan return on asset (ROA) terhadap pertumbuhan laba pada perusahaan industri sektor barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia tahun 2019-2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif analitis dan jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan industri sektor barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia tahun 2019-2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 37 perusahaan dengan total pengamatan 111 data. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diunduh melalui www.idx.co.id dan website masing-masing perusahaan berupa laporan keuangan tahunan 3 tahun perusahaan periode 2019-2021. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan alat bantu software SPSS V25. Hasil pengujian penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Net Profit Margin (NPM) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba, (2)  Return On Equity (ROE) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba, dan (3) Return On Asset (ROA) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba.

Kata kunci: Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return On Equity (ROE), Return On Asset (ROA), dan Pertumbuhan Laba
Editorial
Authors: Brantes Ferreira Daniel
Published: July 2023

As portas do sistema de tribunais multiportas estão se abrindo por toda parte, e esta edição da revista é uma evidência robusta. Nosso agradecimento ao presidente do SIMC, George Lim; ao CEO do SIMC, Chuan Wee Meng; a Siddharth Jha, conselheiro de Parcerias Internacionais do SIMC, e ao editor convidado, Benatt Beng Tat Lee, secretário-geral da SIMC. Esta edição não seria uma realidade sem seu incrível trabalho e contatos na Ásia. O número é composto por quatorze artigos. Onze deles são sobre o status da mediação em países asiáticos específicos ou regiões: Hong Kong, China, Sri Lanka, Camboja, Indonésia, Japão, Malásia, Cingapura, Coreia do Sul, Tailândia e Vietnã. Um dos artigos é sobre mediação na República da Bielorrússia, outro sobre arbitragem na China, e também há uma resenha do livro Dispute Board Manual: A Guide to Best Practices and Procedures, escrito pela Dispute Resolution Board Foundation (DRBF).
Políticas industriales andinas durante el auge de materias primas. ¿Estados desarrollistas o rentistas?
Authors: De la Cruz Prego Fernando , Caria Sara
Published: July 2023

El inicio del siglo XXI ofreció dos experimentos destacados en materia de políticas industriales en América Latina: la Bolivia de Evo Morales y el Ecuador de Rafael Correa. Este trabajo realiza un análisis comparado de ambas experiencias a través de la puesta en relación de sus modelos de inserción internacional y de sus efectos sobre el marco institucional encargado de desplegar las políticas industriales. El trabajo concluye que el patrón de inserción internacional de estos países presenta un sesgo hacia la “maldición de los recursos” inhibiendo la creación de instituciones y políticas industriales genuinamente orientadas a la promoción de la productividad y la competitividad internacional, y fomentando comportamientos rentistas en el sector público.
Oral Administration of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera) Reduces F2-Isoprostane and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP-1) Levels in Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
as an Obesity Model
Authors: Krisanti Stefani , Darwinata Agus Eka , Jawi I Made
Published: July 2023

Background: Obesity is a chronic condition causes oxidative stress and low-grade chronic inflammation characterized by increased oxidative stress biomarkers F2-Isoprostane and proinflammatory biomarkers Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP-1). Oxidative stress and inflammation accelerate aging process. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are known as one of the antioxidant-rich plants containing polyphenols, flavonoids, saponin and tannin which have strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study was conducted to prove oral administration of ethanol extract of Moringa leaves in reducing F2-Isoprostane and MCP-1 levels in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as an obesity model.
Methods: This study was a pure experimental study using a Randomized Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Thirty Wistar rats, male, aged 3.5-4.5 months used in this study. Twenty rats were induced obesity with high-fat-diet until reached Lee's Index ≥ 0.30 g/cm, then 30 rats were divided into three groups, each consisting of 10 rats, P0 group was given normal diet, P1 group was given high-fat-diet and aquadest 1cc/day/rat per sonde and P2 group was given high-fat-diet and moringa leaf extract doses 300mg/kgBW/rat/day per sonde. Obesity induction was carried out for 32 days and treatment was given for 32 days. F2-Isoprostane and MCP-1 levels were measured before and after treatment.
Results: Serum F2-Isoprostane and MCP-1 levels showed a significant decrease in obese rats fed with high-fat-diet and moringa leaf extract for 32 days (p<0.001). Moringa leaf extract also prevent weight gain in obese rats.
Conclusion: Moringa leaf inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory process related to obesity and comorbidities thus expected to inhibit the aging process.

Keywords: : moringa leaf; F2-Isoprostane; MCP-1; obesity; aging.
Utility of Fraxinus Americanus and Sepia in Elimination of Uterine Fibroid - A Case Report
Authors: Reddy Tummala Aarathi
Published: July 2023

Uterine fibroids are tumors which develop from muscle and connective tissue in the wall of uterus. They are benign growths. They are also called as leiomyomas or myomas. Most common type of growths in woman. In this case report we will be discussing about uterine fibroid in 51years old female. She had been treated with Fraxinus Americanus Q and Sepia 200 Potency based on symptoms similarity. This is an evidenced based case report that when homoeopathy is prescribed on the basis of symptom similarity it gives wonderful results.

Keywords: Uterine fibroids, Abdominal pain, Bleeding p/v, Homoeopathy, Fraxinus americanus, Sepia
Claim Implementation of Accident Insurance Agreement for Ship Passengers as Users of Sea Transport Services
Authors: . Fadlan
Published: July 2023

Insurance agreements for accidents at sea for passengers of ships are outlined in Article 3 of Law Number 2 of 1992 concerning the Insurance Business. The implementation involves fulfilling the rights and obligations of the parties involved in the insurance agreement, particularly for ship passengers. This includes making premium payments based on the risks and accidents encountered. However, there are certain obstacles and conditions that may arise in fulfilling these rights and obligations. These include delays or non-compliance with the stipulated provisions, reporting claims beyond the specified period mentioned in the policy, inability to provide necessary supporting documents for claims, failure to file a claim within 12 months of the incident, and demands exceeding the coverage stated in the policy.

Keywords: Accident Insurance Agreements, Sea Transportation Service
Uso das geotecnologias na análise da fisiografia e morfologia da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Ipojuca - PE.
Authors:   , Ketylle Aires Anastacio Fernanda
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo tem como escopo principal, analisar as características fisiográficas e morfológicas da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Ipojuca – PE. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a fisiografia e a morfologia da Bacia Hidrográfica (BHR-IP) do rio Ipojuca, para consolidar uma base de dados referente à BHR-IP com o uso de ferramentas computacionais de sensoriamento remoto e modelagem em Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG). Para o manuseio dos dados morfométricos e fisiógraficos, foi empregado o Software QGIS versão 2.18. A bacia hidrográfica do referido rio possui área total aproximada de 3420,20 km2 com perímetro 1002,25 km, ocupa 3,49% da área do estado de Pernambuco. A bacia possui um formato alongado, um grau mediano relacionado à processos de erosão, um relevo ondulado e uma amplitude média preponderante.
Desempenho de suínos na fase de crescimento no Cariri Paraibano.
Authors:   , Diego Albino Pedroza de Araújo Carlos
Published: July 2023

A Suinocultura é uma atividade de grande importância econômica para o Brasil, gerando renda e proteína animal de qualidade. Neste sentido existe a busca pela maior rentabilidade na atividade, demandando uma análise financeira que viabilize a criação. Os custos com alimentação na suinocultura são os mais expressivos e balizadores do sucesso ou fracasso na atividade. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o desempenho entre suínos fêmea e macho e a viabilidade dos custos da produção durante o período de 63 dias, foram utilizados 10 suínos de recria, 5 fêmeas e 5 machos, separados em duas baias (2,5 x 3,0 metros), em sistema intensivo. Submetidos a uma ração composta por 66% de milho, 30% de soja e 4% de núcleo de crescimento. Os animais foram pesados semanalmente para uma análise de consumo de ração e desenvolvimento dos animais. Como resultado observou-se que a cada semana houve um aumento de mais de 4kg por animal, aumentando gradativamente no decorrer dos dias, chegando a ganhar 8,6kg na última semana de pesagem. Cada animal consumiu em média 156kg de ração neste período. Não houve diferença entre o ganho de peso e consumo de ração em relação ao sexo do animal. Fêmeas e machos consomem praticamente a mesma quantidade e o ganho de peso se mostrou bastante similar. Na análise da viabilidade econômica, em média cada quilograma de carne custa R$14,00, sendo viável a criação de suínos no Cariri Paraibano.