bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On a stochastic nonclassical diffusion equation with standard and fractional Brownian motion
Authors: Caraballo Tomás , Ngoc Tran Bao , Thach Tran Ngoc , Tuan Nguyen Huy
Published: July 2021

This paper is concerned with the mathematical analysis of terminal value problems (TVP) for a stochastic nonclassical diffusion equation, where the source is assumed to be driven by classical and fractional Brownian motions (fBms). Our two problems are to study in the sense of well-posedness and ill-posedness meanings. Here, a TVP is a problem of determining the statistical properties of the initial data from the final time data. In the case [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the fractional order of a Laplace operator, we show that these are well-posed under certain assumptions. We state a definition of ill-posedness and obtain the ill-posedness results for the problems when [Formula: see text]. The major analysis tools in this paper are based on properties of stochastic integrals with respect to the fBm.
Short-term Load Forecasting by Using Improved GEP and Abnormal Load Recognition
Authors: Deng Song , Chen Fulin , Dong Xia , Gao Guangwei , Wu Xindong
Published: July 2021

Load forecasting in short term is very important to economic dispatch and safety assessment of power system. Although existing load forecasting in short-term algorithms have reached required forecast accuracy, most of the forecasting models are black boxes and cannot be constructed to display mathematical models. At the same time, because of the abnormal load caused by the failure of the load data collection device, time synchronization, and malicious tampering, the accuracy of the existing load forecasting models is greatly reduced. To address these problems, this article proposes a Short-Term Load Forecasting algorithm by using Improved Gene Expression Programming and Abnormal Load Recognition (STLF-IGEP_ALR). First, the Recognition algorithm of Abnormal Load based on Probability Distribution and Cross Validation is proposed. By analyzing the probability distribution of rows and columns in load data, and using the probability distribution of rows and columns for cross-validation, misjudgment of normal load in abnormal load data can be better solved. Second, by designing strategies for adaptive generation of population parameters, individual evolution of populations and dynamic adjustment of genetic operation probability, an Improved Gene Expression Programming based on Evolutionary Parameter Optimization is proposed. Finally, the experimental results on two real load datasets and one open load dataset show that compared with the existing abnormal data detection algorithms, the algorithm proposed in this article have higher advantages in missing detection rate, false detection rate and precision rate, and STLF-IGEP_ALR is superior to other short-term load forecasting algorithms in terms of the convergence speed, MAE, MAPE, RSME, and
R
2
.
Sentence Semantic Matching Based on 3D CNN for Human–Robot Language Interaction
Authors: Lu Wenpeng , Yu Rui , Wang Shoujin , Wang Can , Jian Ping , Huang Heyan
Published: July 2021

The development of cognitive robotics brings an attractive scenario where humans and robots cooperate to accomplish specific tasks. To facilitate this scenario, cognitive robots are expected to have the ability to interact with humans with natural language, which depends on
natural language understanding
(
NLU
) technologies. As one core task in NLU,
sentence semantic matching
(
SSM
) has widely existed in various interaction scenarios. Recently, deep learning–based methods for SSM have become predominant due to their outstanding performance. However, each sentence consists of a sequence of words, and it is usually viewed as
one-dimensional
(
1D
) text, leading to the existing available neural models being restricted into 1D sequential networks. A few researches attempt to explore the potential of 2D or 3D neural models in text representation. However, it is hard for their works to capture the complex features in texts, and thus the achieved performance improvement is quite limited. To tackle this challenge, we devise a novel
3D CNN-based SSM
(
3DSSM
) method for human–robot language interaction. Specifically, first, a specific architecture called feature cube network is designed to transform a 1D sentence into a multi-dimensional representation named as semantic feature cube. Then, a 3D CNN module is employed to learn a semantic representation for the semantic feature cube by capturing both the local features embedded in word representations and the sequential information among successive words in a sentence. Given a pair of sentences, their representations are concatenated together to feed into another 3D CNN to capture the interactive features between them to generate the final matching representation. Finally, the semantic matching degree is judged with the sigmoid function by taking the learned matching representation as the input. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets demonstrate that 3DSSM is able to achieve comparable or even better performance over the state-of-the-art competing methods.
The Combined Basic LP and Affine IP Relaxation for Promise VCSPs on Infinite Domains
Authors: Viola Caterina , Živný Stanislav
Published: July 2021

Convex relaxations have been instrumental in solvability of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), as well as in the three different generalisations of CSPs: valued CSPs, infinite-domain CSPs, and most recently promise CSPs. In this work, we extend an existing tractability result to the three generalisations of CSPs combined: We give a sufficient condition for the combined basic linear programming and affine integer programming relaxation for exact solvability of promise valued CSPs over infinite-domains. This extends a result of Brakensiek and Guruswami (SODA’20) for promise (non-valued) CSPs (on finite domains).
Augmented Reality Applications to Support the Promotion of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Cisternino Doriana , Corchia Laura , Luca Valerio De , Gatto Carola , Liaci Silvia , Scrivano Liliana , Trono Anna , De Paolis Lucio Tommaso
Published: July 2021

The intent of this study is to promote and raise awareness of the Basilica of Saint Catherina of Alexandria in Galatina, a church endowed with such beauty as to be defined as astounding.

In this article two technologies were used: Spatial Augmented Reality, better known as videomapping, to valorize the monument and narrate its story through images and sounds; and Augmented Reality, to facilitate the reading and interpretation of the most important frescoes located along all the internal walls of the Basilica. The goal is to create a unique path starting from the Basilica façade and continuing and winding through the interior spaces. One of the most extensive and best conserved cycles of Late Gothic frescoes in all of Europe unfolds on the nave of the church covering every corner, from the keystones down to the floor.

An in-depth bibliographic research confirmed the presence of frescoes also on the exterior of the Basilica façade whose traces, however, are no longer visible today. Pietro Cavoti’ s illustrations give an idea of how the façade has changed over the years, before, during, and after the restorations that permanently removed the already faint traces of frescoes.

The purpose of this research is to demonstrate how the combined use of these technologies can be considered a valid aid to support the enhancement, fruition, and understanding of a monument that is very important for the cultural heritage sector and a reference point for the local and religious community.
Report on the future conversations workshop at CHIIR 2021
Authors: Spina Damiano , Trippas Johanne R. , Thomas Paul , Joho Hideo , Byström Katriina , Clark Leigh , Craswell Nick , Czerwinski Mary , Elsweiler David , Frummet Alexander , Ghosh Souvick , Kiesel Johannes , Lopatovska Irene , McDuff Daniel , Meyer Selina , Mourad Ahmed , Owoicho Paul , Cherumanal Sachin Pathiyan , Russell Daniel , Sitbon Laurianne
Published: July 2021

The Future Conversations workshop at CHIIR'21 looked to the future of search, recommendation, and information interaction to ask: where are the opportunities for conversational interactions? What do we need to do to get there? Furthermore, who stands to benefit?

The workshop was hands-on and interactive. Rather than a series of technical talks, we solicited position statements on opportunities, problems, and solutions in conversational search in all modalities (written, spoken, or multimodal). This paper -co-authored by the organisers and participants of the workshop- summarises the submitted statements and the discussions we had during the two sessions of the workshop. Statements discussed during the workshop are available at https://bit.ly/FutureConversations2021Statements.
Report on the CHIIR 2021 third workshop on evaluation of personalisation in information retrieval (WEPIR 2021)
Authors: Jones Gareth J. F. , Belkin Nicholas J. , Kando Noriko , Pasi Gabriella
Published: July 2021

The Third Workshop on Evaluation of Personalisation in Information Retrieval (WEPIR 2021) was held in conjunction with the ACM SIGIR Conference on Human Information Interaction & Retrieval (CHIIR 2021) in Canberra, Australia, as a virtual event. WEPIR 2021 followed on from the first and second WEPIRs held at CHIIR 2018 and 2019. The purpose of the workshop was again to bring together researchers from different backgrounds, interested in advancing the evaluation of personalisation in information retrieval. The workshop focused on further development of a common understanding of the challenges, requirements and practical limitations of personalisation in information retrieval and its evaluation.
Report on the ECIR 2021 discussion panel on open access
Authors: Hiemstra Djoerd
Published: July 2021

On 31 March 2021, the Wednesday morning of ECIR 2021, the conference participants joined with seven panellists in a discussion on Open Access and Information Retrieval (IR), or more accurately, on the lack of open access publishing in IR. Discussion topics included the experience of researchers with open access in Africa; business models for open access, in particular how to run a sustainable open access conference like ECIR; open access plans at Springer, the BCS and the ACM; and finally, experience with open access publishing in related fields, notably in Computational Linguistics.
SIGecom winter meeting report
Authors: Dworczak Piotr , Lucier Brendan
Published: July 2021

We present a report on the inaugural SIGecom Winter Meeting which was held online on February 25, 2021. We highlight the goals of the workshop and summarize the format and content.
Invitation to participate in the ACM conference on equity and access in algorithms, mechanisms, and optimization (EAAMO'21)
Authors: Abebe Rediet , Lo Irene , Stoica Ana-Andreea
Published: July 2021

The inaugural ACM conference on Equity and Access in Algorithms, Mechanisms, and Optimization (EAAMO'21) invites participation from the SIGecom community. The conferrence aims to highlight work where techniques from algorithms, optimization, and mechanism design, along with insights from other disciplines, can help improve equity and access to opportunity for historically disadvantaged and underserved communities. The conference is organized by the Mechanism Design for Social Good (MD4SG) initiative, and builds on the MD4SG technical workshop series and tutorials at conferences including ACM EC, ACM COMPASS, and WINE. The conference will have both an archival publication track as well as a non-archival track that welcomes papers under submission or published in the previous year. Papers submitted to EC 2021 or that will be submitted to EC 2022 are welcome in the non-archival track.
Feasible joint posterior beliefs (through examples)
Authors: Arieli Itai , Babichenko Yakov , Sandomirskiy Fedor , Tamuz Omer
Published: July 2021

Through a sequence of examples, we survey the main results of "Feasible Joint Posterior Beliefs" [Arieli, Babichenko, Sandomirskiy, Tamuz 2021]. A group of agents share a common prior distribution regarding a binary state, and observe some information structure. What are the possible joint distributions of their posteriors? We discuss feasibility of product distributions, correlation of posteriors in feasible distributions, extreme feasible distributions and the characterization of feasibility in terms of a "no-trade" condition.
Approximating nash social welfare under rado valuations
Authors: Garg Jugal , Husić Edin , Végh László A.
Published: July 2021

The Nash social welfare problem asks for an allocation of indivisible items to agents in order to maximize the geometric mean of agents' valuations. We give an overview of the constant-factor approximation algorithm for the problem when agents have Rado valuations [Garg et al. 2021]. Rado valuations are a common generalization of the assignment (OXS) valuations and weighted matroid rank functions. Our approach also gives the first constant-factor approximation algorithm for the asymmetric Nash social welfare problem under the same valuations, provided that the maximum ratio between the weights is bounded by a constant.
Identifying a Six-Gene Signature Predicting Response to TACE in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Yao Xin , Yin Xin , Lu Wei , Cao Leitao
Published: July 2021

Background and Aim. With regard to patients with intermediate-stage, irresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the mainstay of treatment. There is an urgent clinical requirement to identify reliable biomarkers to predict the response of HCC patients to TACE treatment. We aimed to identify a gene signature for predicting TACE response in HCC patients based on bioinformatics analysis. Methods. We downloaded the gene expression profile GSE104580 based on 147 tumor samples from 81 responders to TACE and 66 nonresponders from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, we randomly divided the 147 tumor samples into a training set (

n
=
89

) and a validation set (

n
=
58

) and screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the training set. Gene Ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to annotate functions of the DEGs. The DEGs were mapped into the STRING website for constructing protein-protein interaction (PPI). The predictive value of the candidate genes by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves was further verified in the validation set. Results. We totally found 158 DEGs (92 upregulated genes and 66 downregulated genes) in the training set. The GO enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were significantly enriched in metabolic and catabolic processes, such as drug metabolic process, fatty acid metabolic process, and small molecule catabolic process. The KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly concentrated in drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, and chemical carcinogenesis. We identified 6 candidate genes (CXCL8, AFP, CYP1A1, MMP9, CYP3A4, and SERPINC1) based on the PPI network of the DEGs, which had high predictive value in HCC response to TACE with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.875 and 0.897 for the training set and validation set, respectively. Conclusion. We identified a six-gene signature which might be biomarkers for predicting HCC response to TACE by a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. However, the actual functions of these genes required verification.
Improving Heat Exchange Performance of Massive Concrete Using Annular Finned Cooling Pipes
Authors: Zhou Lemu , Zhou Fangyuan , Ge Hanbin
Published: July 2021

Cracks will be generated due to high internal temperature of the massive concrete. Postcooling method is widely employed as a standard cooling technique to decrease the temperature of the poured mass concrete. In this paper, an annular finned cooling pipe which can increase the heat transfer area between the flowing water and its surrounding concrete is proposed to enhance the cooling effect of the postcooling method. Analysis of the interior temperature variation and distribution of the concrete block cooled by the annular finned cooling pipe system and the traditional cooling pipe system was conducted through the finite element models. It is found that, for the concrete block using the proposed annular finned cooling pipe system, the peak value of the interior temperature can be further lowered. Compared with the traditional cooling pipe, the highest temperature of concrete with an annular finned cooling pipe appears earlier than that with the traditional cooling pipe.
Pharyngeal Airway and Craniocervical Angle among Different Skeletal Patterns
Authors: Hsiao Szu-Yu , Chen Ying-An , Ting Chun-Chan
Published: July 2021

Purpose. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharyngeal airway dimensions and their correlations among the craniocervical angle and skeletal patterns. Materials and Methods. Cephalometric radiographs were obtained from 300 patients (≥15 years of age), of whom 150 were male patients and 150 were female patients. The patients were divided into three groups according to their skeletal patterns. The following dimensions were measured: NP: nasopharyngeal airway; PS: shortest distance from the soft palate to the pharyngeal wall; MP: Me‐Go line intersecting the pharyngeal airway; TS: shortest distance from posterior tongue to pharyngeal wall; LP: laryngopharyngeal airway; UE length: shortest distance from the uvula to the epiglottis; PW: width of soft palate; PL: length of soft palate; ANB angle; palatal angle; and craniocervical angle. Paired t‐test, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation were applied for statistical analysis. The null hypothesis was that there were no differences among skeletal patterns in terms of pharyngeal airway dimensions. Results. The C4C2‐SN angle of the Class II pattern (108.1°) was significantly greater than that of the Class III pattern (104.4°). The Class II PL was significantly longer than the Class III PL in the all patients and female patients groups. The ANB angle exhibited moderate positive correlation with palatal angle (r: 0.462) and moderate negative correlation with TS (r: ‐0.400) and MP (r: ‐0.415) length. No significant differences were found in vertical hyoid lengths among all skeletal patterns. Class III (PS, TS, and MP) lengths were significantly greater than Class I and Class II in the all patients group. Regarding the LP length, no significant difference was found in the all patients group. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. Conclusion. Class III had significantly greater pharyngeal airway dimensions (PS, TS, and MP) than Class I and Class II. In all skeletal patterns, NP length was moderately correlated with the palatal angle. The PS was weakly negatively correlated with the ANB and PL. The TS and MP were moderately negatively correlated with the ANB angle.
Diagnostic Value of Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Infants’ Brain Development Retardation Caused by Pre-Eclampsia
Authors: Xing Qing-Na , Liu Yan-Chao , Xuan De-Sheng , Shang Hong-Lei , Zhao Xin , Zhang Xiao-An
Published: July 2021

Objective. Pre-eclampsia (PE) can cause brain development delay in infants. This work aims to characterize the pattern differences of brain white matter development in premature infants under PE conditions and those without. Methods. Eighty preterm infants delivered by women with PE were selected as the PE group, and ninety-six preterm infants of the same period born to women without high-risk perinatal factors were used as control. All infants underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) examination. The fractional anisotropy (FA) was measured in five regions of interests (ROIs), including posterior limbs of internal capsule (PLIC), splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), superior parietal lobule (SPL), and superior occipital gyrus (SOG). The relationship between the FA values and postmenstrual age (PMA) was analyzed. Results. After adjusting for the birth weight and gestational ages, in the SCC and PLIC, the PMA and FA values showed a low-to-medium intensity positive correlation in the control group (r = 0.30,

p
=
0.003

; r = 0.53,

p
<
0.0001

), while no positive relevance was detected in the PE group (r = 0.08,

p
=
0.47

; r = 0.19,

p
<
0.08

). In the PE and control groups, in the SPL and SOG, the PMA and FA values showed a near-consistent positive correlation (r = 0.57, r = 0.55 vs. r = 0.31, r = 0.55; all

p
<
0.05

). In the control group, in SFG, the PMA and FA values had a medium intensity positive correlation (r = 0.47,

p
<
0.0001

), but there was no statistical difference in correlation in PE (r = 0.10,

p
=
0.39

). Conclusion. PE may cause lagging brain development in the SCC, PLIC, and SFG during infancy. DTI may be an effective and sensitive detection tool.
Network Pharmacology/Metabolomics‐Based Validation of AMPK and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway as a Central Role of Shengqi Fuzheng Injection Regulation of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cancer‐Related Fatigue
Authors: Guo Wei , Liu Shan , Zheng Xinting , Xiao Zhiwei , Chen Hanrui , Sun Lingling , Zhang Chi , Wang Zhijie , Lin Lizhu
Published: July 2021

Chinese herbal medicines have multiple targets and properties, and their use in multidisciplinary cancer therapies has consequently received increasing attention. Here, we have investigated the possible active ingredients associated with cancer‐related fatigue (CRF) in the Shengqi Fuzheng Injection (SFI). In vitro cell models were used to measure the regulation effects of SFI on CRF. Metabolomic analysis was used to identify the potential genes and pathways in C2C12 mouse myoblasts treated with SFI, and the interaction of compounds and CRF targets was predicted using network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses. The putative pathways were further verified using immuno‐blotting assays. The results showed that SFI significantly inhibited muscle cell apoptosis and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential of muscle cells. The network pharmacology analysis results identified 36 candidate compounds, and 244 potential targets were yielded by SFI, and they shared 10 key targets associated with cancer‐related fatigue. According to the enrichment analysis and experimental validation, SFI might ameliorate muscle cell mitochondrial function by activating AMPK and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, and the expression changes of mitochondrial metabolic enzymes MnSOD and apoptosis‐associated proteins Bax and Bcl‐2 were also triggered. The functions and mechanisms of SFI in anticancer‐related fatigue were found here to be at least partly due to the targeting of the AMPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, and this has highlighted new potential applications for network pharmacology when researching Chinese Medicines.
Loxapine-Induced Priapism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature on Antipsychotic-Induced Priapism
Authors: Dodd Alexandra L. , Patel Sunny , Fipps David C.
Published: July 2021

In this case report, a patient with schizophrenia experienced recurrent priapism while undergoing treatment of acute psychosis. This necessitated a review of the emergent treatment of priapism and discussion of the difficulties in treating priapism in a patient with acute psychosis. Therefore, this case report explores multiple possible etiologies of priapism within the realm of psychiatric care, reviews the proposed mechanisms of medication-induced priapism, and considers the psychopharmacological concepts that pertain to antipsychotic selection in the context of antipsychotic-induced priapism.
Power Improved Generalized Heronian Mean Operators Utilizing Hamacher Operations with Picture Fuzzy Information
Authors: Li Baolin , Yang Lihua
Published: July 2021

In multiple attribute decision‐making (MADM), to better denote complicated preference information of decision‐makers (DMs), picture fuzzy set (PFS) as an expansion of intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) has become a powerful tool in the recent years. Meanwhile, to remove the impact of abnormal data and capture the correlations among attributes in MADM issue, we propose the power improved generalized Heronian mean (PIGHM) operators in this paper, which have the merits of both power average (PA) operator and improved generalized Heronian mean (IGHM) operator. Additionally, Hamacher operations as a generalization of Algebraic operations and Einstein operations demonstrate good smooth approximate. Motivated by these, the main purpose is to explore PIGHM operators utilizing Hamacher operations to cope with MADM issue with picture fuzzy information. First, we introduce the Hamacher operations, the normalized hamming distance, and similarity measure of picture fuzzy numbers (PHNs). Second, based on these, two new picture fuzzy aggregating operators (AOs), the picture fuzzy Hamacher weighted power improved generalized Heronian mean (PFHWPIGHM) operator and the picture fuzzy Hamacher weighted geometric power improved generalized Heronian mean (PFHWGPIGHM) operator, are put forward, and some properties and special instances of proposed AOs are also investigated. Third, a new MADM model in terms of the PIGHM AOs is developed. Eventually, a practical MADM example, together with sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis, is conducted to verify the credibility and superiority of the new MADM model.
Risk Evolution of Ship Oil Spill in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Yin Jie , Xiong Ting
Published: July 2021

Ship oil spill accident will lead to enormous hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. The risk mitigation of the ship oil spill is significant to the stakeholder of the maritime safety administration. To study the risk evolution of the ship oil spill in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, the framework of ship oil spill risk evolution was proposed according to the general definition of the risk; then, risk evolutions were analyzed from the perspectives of expected probability, system constraints of accident developing, and possible harmful consequences based on accidents analyses, simulation experiments, and structural equation model analysis. The results indicate that the system constraints of accident developing, such as the quantity of oil spills, free evolution time, and wind and flow conditions, have significant impacts on risk evolution of the ship oil spill after the occurrence of an accident in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.
Reusable, Noninvasive, and Sensitive Fluorescence Enhanced ZnO‐Nanorod‐Based Microarrays for Quantitative Detection of AFP in Human Serum
Authors: Rafique Saima , Kiyani Farukh , Jawaid Sumbal , Nasir Rubina , Ahmad Mahmoosh , Bashir Shazia , Idress Muhammad , Khan Jan Sher , Akram Rizwan
Published: July 2021

The fabrication of sensitive protein microarrays such as PCR used in DNA microarray is challenging due to lack of signal amplification. The development of microarrays is utilized to improve the sensitivity and limitations of detection towards primal cancer detection. The sensitivity is enhanced by the use of ZnO‐nanorods and is investigated as a substrate which enhance the florescent signal to diagnose the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at early stages. The substrate for deposition of ZnO‐nanorods is prepared by the conventional chemical bath deposition method. The resultant highly dense ZnO‐nanorods enhance the fluorescent signal 7.2 times as compared to the substrate without ZnO‐nanorods. The microarray showed sensitivity of 1504.7 ng ml-1 and limit of detection of 0.1 pg ml-1 in wide dynamic range of 0.05 pg‐10 μg ml-1 for alpha fetoprotein (AFP) detection in 10% human serum. This immunoassay was successfully applied for human serum samples to detect tumor marker with good recoveries. The ZnO‐nanorod substrate is a simple protein microarray which showed a great promise for developing a low‐cost, sensitive, and high‐throughput protein assay platform for several applications in both fundamental research and clinical diagnosis.
Genomic Chaos (Multiple Copy Number Variations and Structural Reorganization) Detected in Two Prenatal Cases
Authors: Lloveras Elisabet , Canellas Anna , Plaja Alberto , Barranco Laura , Fernández Daniel , Mendez Begoña , Piqué Meritxell , de la Iglesia Cristina , Palau Núria , Costa Marta , Herrero Marta , Yeste Diana , Auge Marc , Puig Laia , Pérez Cristina
Published: July 2021

The use of new technologies in the routine diagnosis of constitutional abnormalities, such as high-resolution chromosomal microarray and next-generation sequencing, has unmasked new mechanisms for generating structural variation of the human genome. For example, complex chromosome rearrangements can originate by a chromosome catastrophe phenomenon in which numerous genomic rearrangements are apparently acquired in a single catastrophic event. This phenomenon is named chromoanagenesis (from the Greek “chromo” for chromosome and “anagenesis” for rebirth). Herein, we report 2 cases of genomic chaos detected at prenatal diagnosis. The terms “chromothripsis” and “chromoanasynthesis” and the challenge of genetic counseling are discussed.
Phonological Errors in Posterior Cortical Atrophy
Authors: Tetzloff Katerina A. , Duffy Joseph R. , Strand Edythe A. , Machulda Mary M. , Schwarz Christopher G. , Senjem Matthew L. , Jack Clifford R. , Josephs Keith A. , Whitwell Jennifer L.
Published: July 2021

Background: Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is an atypical variant of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that presents with visuospatial/perceptual deficits. PCA is characterized by atrophy in posterior brain regions, which overlaps with atrophy occurring in logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA), another atypical AD variant characterized by language difficulties, including phonological errors. Language abnormalities have been observed in PCA, although the prevalence of phonological errors is unknown. We aimed to compare the frequency and severity of phonological errors in PCA and lvPPA and determine the neuroanatomical correlates of phonological errors and language abnormalities in PCA. Methods: The presence and number of phonological errors were recorded during the Boston Naming Test and Western Aphasia Battery repetition subtest in 27 PCA patients and 27 age- and disease duration-matched lvPPA patients. Number of phonological errors and scores from language tests were correlated with regional gray matter volumes using Spearman correlations. Results: Phonological errors were evident in 55% of PCA patients and 70% of lvPPA patients, with lvPPA having higher average number of errors. Phonological errors in PCA correlated with decreased left inferior parietal and lateral temporal volume. Naming and fluency were also associated with decreased left lateral temporal lobe volume. Conclusions: Phonological errors are common in PCA, although they are not as prevalent or severe as in lvPPA, and they are related to involvement of left temporoparietal cortex. This highlights the broad spectrum of clinical symptoms associated with AD and overlap between PCA and lvPPA.
Indeterminate Cell Histiocytosis of the Spine: A Case Report
Authors: Sheinberg Dallas Louis , Bryant Jean-Paul , Perez-Roman Roberto J. , Niazi Toba N.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Indeterminate cell histiocytosis is a rare neoplastic disease characterized by proliferation of dendritic cells that share morphologic and immunophenotypic features of Langerhans cells and non-Langerhans histiocytes. ICH lesions are typically restricted to the skin; however, there have been rare reports of extracutaneous and systemic involvement. Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 13-year-old female presenting with complaints of worsening lower back pain for 1 year. CT and MRI of the lumbar spine demonstrated a well-defined bony, lytic, expansile lesion of the posterior and mid-endplate of the L4 vertebra with mass effect on the thecal sac. The patient underwent L3–L5 decompression and fusion with surgical excision of the vertebral body tumor. Microscopic examination of the lesion showed benign fibrohistiocytic proliferation with giant cells, and immunohistochemical staining revealed a phenotype consistent with indeterminate cell histiocytosis (S100+ CD1a+ langerin−). Discussion/Conclusion: ICH is an extraordinarily rare neoplastic disease of dendritic cells that has a poorly understood pathogenesis. This case expands the spectrum of potential ICH extracutaneous involvement to now include the spine, a location previously undocumented in the literature in the pediatric population.
Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein May Be Predictive of the Adalimumab Trough Level and Antidrug Antibody Development for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Sub-Analysis of the PLANET Study
Authors: Yanai Shunichi , Shinzaki Shinichiro , Matsuoka Katsuyoshi , Mizuno Shinta , Iijima Hideki , Naka Tetsuji , Kanai Takanori , Matsumoto Takayuki
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine whether biomarkers are predictive of the adalimumab (ADA) trough level and antidrug antibody development in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: Using data obtained in a prospective, multicenter, observational study (PLANET), we assessed serial changes in a novel biomarker – leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) – during ADA treatment for patients with active CD and UC. We measured serum LRG, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fecal calprotectin (fCAL) at weeks 0, 12, 24, and 52. The ADA trough level and anti-ADA antibody (AAA) were also measured at weeks 12 and 52. Correlations between the ADA trough level, AAA, and biomarkers were examined. Results: In all, 34 patients with CD and 47 patients with UC were enrolled. The ADA trough level at week 12 or at the time of ADA withdrawal was 8.5 ± 3.9 in the AAA-negative group (n = 70) and 2.9 ± 2.7 μg/mL in the AAA-positive group (n = 8) (p < 0.0001). The ADA trough level at week 12 or at the time of ADA withdrawal was associated with pretreatment LRG (p = 0.0437 and r = −0.23). Conclusion: LRG, rather than CRP or fCAL, may be a marker for predicting the trough level of ADA for patients with CD and UC treated with ADA.
Goal Focus in Adolescence
Authors: Hoff Bethany Fleming
Published: July 2021

Intentional self-regulation (ISR), defined as actions to set, strive for, and maximize the chances to achieve goals, is linked to positive outcomes in adolescence. Underlying ISR is the goal focus, which refers to framing a goal in terms of its means (process focus) or its ends (outcome focus). A process focus is consistently linked to more positive results than an outcome focus in adult samples, but process and outcome foci are understudied in adolescence. This paper illuminates the benefits of a process focus for adolescent goal pursuit in three points. First, ISR is critical during adolescence and has been linked to lifelong outcomes. Second, while a process focus is beneficial in adulthood and this is likely similar in adolescence, developmental and contextual factors push adolescents towards adopting an outcome focus. Third, developing a process or outcome focus has significant implications for the selection, optimization, and compensation model. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Regionalizações durante o período ditatorial brasileiro
Authors: Siman Tainá Estanislau
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a aproximação e o afastamento do Brasil de diversas regionalizações durante o período da ditadura, levando em conta a formulação da Política Externa Brasileira como ferramenta para explicar a intensidade de determinadas alianças e instituições existentes no período. Para descrever essas tendências regionais, serão levadas em conta as noções da Abordagem do Novo Regionalismo, em que as regiões são construídas, reconstruídas e desconstruídas socialmente pelos autores, discursos, relações e contexto. O artigo se apresentará em três partes: o contexto que antecede o início do período ditatorial, a primeira década de ditadura em ascensão (1964-1974), e a segunda década, que já apresenta sinais de transição democrática (1974-1985). Como resultado, se conclui que o movimento das regionalizações passa por um latino-americanismo que envolve uma América continental, chega ao isolamento e completo alinhamento com os Estado Unidos, e acaba por fim repousando em um regionalismo latino-americano mais focado na construção sub-regional do Cone Sul.
A cidade em festa: fraternidades folclóricas bolivianas em São Paulo
Authors: Mendes Vinícius de Souza
Published: July 2021

O artigo propõe uma virada empírica sobre a presença boliviana em São Paulo, colocando as fraternidades folclóricas, suas danças e personagens, como objeto de pesquisa. Assim, pode-se avançar em relação às investigações que já apontaram a migração boliviana em torno da lógica do trabalho, como o “dispositivo oficina de costura” e o agenciamento de trabalhadores informais na Bolívia. Para atingir este objetivo, o artigo conceitua as fraternidades a partir da descrição dos contextos que elas protagonizam, assim como das relações que são promovidas entre os bolivianos, deles com a cidade e com a própria memória do país que eles deixaram. Assim, é possível encontrar e almejar outras potencialidades de compreensão do fenômeno para além das perspectivas já consagradas na literatura. Em segundo lugar, o artigo demonstra que as fraternidades engendram uma outra territorialidade boliviana em São Paulo – marcada pelo movimento constante de pessoas, mas também de objetos, imagens e capital sobre o mapa da cidade. Utilizando “métodos móveis” de análise, foi possível seguir as fraternidades ao longo de um ano em seus “ciclos de festas”. Ao estar em movimento com elas, descobriu-se toda uma circulação urbana - cujas lógicas vão além das delimitadas pela demanda por trabalho – que se realiza dançando.
Leitura semiótica do Templo de Salomão e o consumo da fé
Authors: Santaella Lucia , Dendasck Carla , Ferraro Danielle
Published: July 2021

O Templo de Salomão, na cidade de São Paulo, surpreende por seu gigantismo e luxo faraônico. Surpreende igualmente pelo grande número de fiéis que atrai para seus rituais. Este artigo tem por propósito colocar esse signo arquitetônico, sua temporalidade, suas referências, seus discursos e seus símbolos sob o escrutínio da semiótica de C. S. Peirce. Esta funciona aqui como uma cartografia cognitiva capaz de orientar a compreensão da complexidade que o signo Templo de Salomão envolve. O mais importante, contudo, é que a complexidade desse signo advém da hipercomplexidade de seu campo de referências históricas milenares, que a semiótica chama de objeto signo. Nessa medida, este artigo procede uma jornada histórica rumo à coleta da densidade desse campo, a saber, daquilo que, na semiótica, recebe o nome de experiência colateral com o objeto do signo. Como resultado, esta análise pretende ser capaz de orientar o leitor à compreensão das camadas de sentido que se sobrepõem na constituição do signo complexo Templo de Salomão.
Pulling a Yoke through the White Field: East Syriac Poetic Paraphrases of Scribal Rhetoric
Authors: Pritula Anton
Published: July 2021

As shown in recent studies, East Syriac colophons were rather standardised, at least in the Ottoman period, and they incorporated into the main colophon body not only prose passages, but also poetic ones. The current article discusses one such passage that occurs in both prose and poetic forms in various manuscripts, namely the topos of ‘the five twins that pulled a yoke from the forest through the white field’. It provides a fascinating example of the trope’s transmission over the centuries, as well as the poetic creativity of East Syriac scribes as manifested in the Ottoman period.
Contesting the Political: Violence, Emotion and the Playful Subject
Authors: Rogers Peter
Published: July 2021

Tabletop role-play games (TRPG s) are undergoing a resurgence in popularity tied, in part, to the release of Dungeons and Dragons (5th edition) and a vibrant culture of live-streaming role-play games online. Research has now also shown that TRPG s – such as Dungeons and Dragons – provide a unique environment for the development of prosocial behaviours. There is an opportunity for researchers interested in political emotions and ideological performance to explore a community of collaborative storytelling where the altruism derided by philosophies of neoliberal economic rationalism is performed as a core value, with tangible outcomes for tolerance, generosity and well-being. As TRPG s become commonly accepted as part of the toolkit in both education and therapeutic contexts, they provide a new avenue of engagement for those interested in the development of prosocial values, community and social inclusion in the digital age.
Hans Haas, the Songs of Buddha, and Their Sounds of Truth
Authors: Petersen Esben
Published: July 2021

The writings of German missionary Hans Haas (1868–1934) were seminal texts which greatly influenced how many Europeans came to understand Japanese Buddhism. Haas became a significant actor in this early reception of Japanese Buddhism after he began working as an editor for the journal Zeitschrift für Missionskunde und Religionswissenschaft while stationed in Japan from 1898–1909. Haas covered all areas and aspects of Japanese Buddhism, from editing and translating texts such as Sukhavati Buddhism (1910a) into German to cross-religious comparisons of Buddhist songs and legends. This paper seeks to identify various elements which contributed to the development of Japanese Buddhism in Europe, paying special attention to the role of Haas’s work. In particular, it seeks to reconstruct his understanding of Pure Land Buddhism by demonstrating how a Protestant interpretative scheme, particularly that of Lutheran Protestantism, dominated much of the early reception of Japanese Buddhism in Europe.
The History and Current State of Japanese Zen Buddhism in Europe
Authors: Fujii Shūhei
Published: July 2021

This paper will shed light upon the history and current state of Japanese Zen Buddhism in Europe. Japanese Zen has mainly been transmitted in two ways among European countries: via the group founded by Deshimaru Taisen, and through Christian Zen. Deshimaru went to Europe and taught Zen. His teaching represented Zen as a wholistic, scientific, and peaceful Eastern religion. Though his group initially expanded greatly, it split into several subgroups following Deshimaru’s death. On the other hand, Sanbō Kyōdan promoted ecumenical integration between Christianity and Zen. The longstanding interest in Zen among Christians can be seen in the contemporary “spiritual exchange of the East-West.” Concerning the current state of Zen in Europe, data show that there are more than 270 Zen centers in Europe, located in 24 countries. An analysis of the contemporary situation thus demonstrates that European Zen is mobile, has various forms, and has influenced Japanese institutions.
Exploring the Masoretic Treatment of the Form ‮פֶ֛לִאי‬‎ in Judges 13:18
Authors: Lund Jerome A.
Published: July 2021

A strange form found in Judges 13:18 raises the issue of how the Masoretes communicated their text to the reader. Did they intentionally leave the choice of reading up to the reader in rare cases or not? This study offers a view of how to interpret potential mixed readings for scholarly consideration. Furthermore, a hitherto unrecognized lexeme will be identified.
Subsidence Warming in the Tropical Cyclogenesis of Cindy (2017): CPEX Observations and Coupled Modeling
Authors: Mazza Edoardo , Chen Shuyi S.
Published: July 2021

The formation of tropical cyclones (TCs) in unfavorable large-scale environments remains a challenge for TC forecasting. Tropical Storm (TS) Cindy (2017) formed at 1800 UTC 20 June 2017 in the Gulf of Mexico despite strong vertical wind shear, low midtropospheric relative humidity, and poorly organized convection. A key to TC genesis is the initial development of a warm core within an emergent cyclonic vortex, a process that occurs on small spatial scales and is often difficult to observe. TS Cindy was observed during the Convective Processes Experiment (CPEX) field campaign in 2017 by the NASA DC-8 aircraft, equipped with a Doppler wind lidar, precipitation radar, and GPS dropsondes. This study combines CPEX observations and a cloud-resolving, fully coupled atmosphere–wave–ocean numerical simulation to investigate the formation of TS Cindy. Prior to TC genesis, a shallow cyclonic circulation was embedded in a deep layer of west-southwesterly flow associated with an upper-level trough. Within the disturbance, a warm and dry anomaly was observed by dropsondes near the center of the cyclonic circulation, with a maximum at about the 2.5-km level. In the coupled model simulation, the temperature perturbation reached 5°C along with a dewpoint temperature depression of 8°C. Backward trajectory analysis shows that subsidence is primarily associated with a thermally indirect circulation along the western flank of the storm. Air parcels descend more than 1000 m toward the lower troposphere while warming up by 9°–12°C. The subsidence-induced virtual temperature perturbation in the 1.5–3.5-km layer accounts for 50% of the sea level pressure depression. Subsidence warming, therefore, played a key role in the genesis of TS Cindy.
Genetic risk for chronic pain is associated with lower antidepressant effectiveness: Converging evidence for a depression subtype
Authors: Campos Adrián I , Ngo Trung Thanh , Medland Sarah E , Wray Naomi R , Hickie Ian B , Byrne Enda M , Martin Nicholas G , Rentería Miguel E
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Chronic pain and depression are highly comorbid and difficult-to-treat disorders. We previously showed this comorbidity is associated with higher depression severity, lower antidepressant treatment effectiveness and poorer prognosis in the Australian Genetics of Depression Study.

Objective:

The current study aimed to assess whether a genetic liability to chronic pain is associated with antidepressant effectiveness over and above the effect of genetic factors for depression in a sample of 12,863 Australian Genetics of Depression Study participants.

Methods:

Polygenic risk scores were calculated using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of multisite chronic pain and major depression. Cumulative linked regressions were employed to assess the association between polygenic risk scores and antidepressant treatment effectiveness across 10 different medications.

Results:

Mixed-effects logistic regressions showed that individual genetic propensity for chronic pain, but not major depression, was significantly associated with patient-reported chronic pain (PainPRS OR = 1.17 [1.12, 1.22]; MDPRS OR = 1.01 [0.98, 1.06]). Significant associations were also found between lower antidepressant effectiveness and genetic risk for chronic pain or for major depression. However, a fully adjusted model showed the effect of PainPRS (adjOR = 0.93 [0.90, 0.96]) was independent of MDPRS (adjOR = 0.96 [0.93, 0.99]). Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of these results. After adjusting for depression severity measures (i.e. age of onset; number of depressive episodes; interval between age at study participation and at depression onset), the associations between PainPRS and patient-reported chronic pain with lower antidepressant effectiveness remained significant (0.95 [0.92, 0.98] and 0.84 [0.78, 0.90], respectively).

Conclusion:

These results suggest genetic risk for chronic pain accounted for poorer antidepressant effectiveness, independent of the genetic risk for major depression. Our results, along with independent converging evidence from other studies, point towards a difficult-to-treat depression subtype characterised by comorbid chronic pain. This finding warrants further investigation into the implications for biologically based nosology frameworks in pain medicine and psychiatry.
Breast gangrene: Tale of two similar cases with two different outcomes
Authors: Tandon Megha , Ansar Junaid , Kumar Rishikesh , Mani Chinta
Published: July 2021

Breast gangrene is rare in surgical practice. Its aetiology is variable and multifactorial. Debridement and appropriate antibiotic treatment are the mainstay of management. Two such cases presented one early and the other desperately late. We report these two cases to emphasise the potential fatality of this condition.