bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Productivity Impact of Propped Hydraulic Fracturing at Karachaganak Gas Condensate Field: A Simulation Study
Authors: Ibragimov Abdulmalik
Published: November 2024

Traditionally, carbonate reservoirs like Karachaganak rely on acid stimulation to enhance well productivity, achieving significant reductions in skin factors. However, in tight, low-permeability formations, the effectiveness of acid stimulation in productivity improvement is limited (Al-Enezi et al., 2022). On the other hand, this paper examines the application of propped hydraulic fracturing in tight carbonate reservoirs, with a focus on the Karachaganak gas condensate field. A sector model was built based on a recently drilled well in a low-fractured zone of the Karachaganak field. The model was used to simulate various stimulation scenarios, including no stimulation, acid stimulation, and hydraulic fracturing with multiple stages.

Results indicate that while hydraulic fracturing significantly improves the Productivity Index (PI) and sustains flow over a decade, the production rates remain lower compared to wells connected to extensive natural fracture networks. Nevertheless, it showed much better results than other methods of stimulations. The study also explores cost reduction strategies, such as using lower quality proppants and optimizing the number and spacing of fracturing stages. Furthermore, the potential benefits of hydraulic fracturing in enhancing natural gas lift were evaluated, highlighting the importance of fracture geometry and rock properties.

This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the limitations and advantages of propped hydraulic fracturing stimulation technique in tight carbonate reservoirs, offering practical recommendations for optimizing well productivity and reducing operational costs.
Managed Pressure Drilling and Managed Pressure Cementing: Adapted Set of Equipment to Improve Well Construction Efficiency in Complex Geological Conditions
Authors: Aliyev Fuad , Kaidarov Almas , Yanturin Yan , Alekseyev Ivan , Myrzabayeva Madina , Magda Andrey
Published: November 2024

With the increasing scope of drilling at explored oil fields and new fields, field operators face more geological challenges while drilling new wells. Such complications not only extend the well construction time and increase the cost of drilling, but also may cause harm to health of personnel. Oilfield service companies offer a variety of modern solutions, and one of those is the Managed Pressure Drilling and Cementing technologies (MPD and MPC).

The MPD and MPC technology has long been used successfully in the industry, but the number of candidate wells is limited, specifically due to the large amount of auxiliary equipment. The excessive amount of equipment reduces the cost efficiency of the technology. Therefore, to make the technology replicable, it is vital to adapt the MPD equipment to the current economic reality.

This paper describes the experience of drilling and cementing of a 178 mm liner section using an adapted set of MPD equipment at an oilfield in Russian Federation. The well was drilled in narrow operation window conditions, i.e., the difference between the formation pressure, wellbore stability and the drilling fluid loss pressure, was not sufficient for conventional drilling. Complications occurring in conventional drilling led to increased rig time, additional expenses and, therefore, higher cost of well drilling for the Customer.

To solve these challenges, we used an adapted set of equipment comprising the following: one rotating control device (RCD) to seal the wellhead, one compact automatic choke to maintain backpressure in the annulus, and a precision Coriolis flow meter to measure the drilling fluid flow rate. Such a set of equipment provides all necessary functionality. In addition, it reduces amount of required equipment and has other advantages during mobilization process, rig up, maintenance and spare parts.
Practical Aspects of Discrete Fracture Network Modelling with Neural Network Assisted Integration of Available Data
Authors: Togaev S. E. , Gavrilov A. V. , Abidov K. A. , Frik V. L.
Published: November 2024

The paper describes the approach to modelling a discrete fracture network (DFN) for a gas field in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The Jurassic productive reservoir is confined to hanging wall block in a reverse faulting environment and composed of naturally fractured low porosity carbonate rock. The developed conception of the reservoir fracturing guides integrating all fracture related data in the DFN static model, which is the essential tool for consistent design of the field development. The approach has been developed to correlate the resistivity micro imagers’ fracture density with data from "conventional" logging. The neural network is designed with appropriate parameters (number of layers, neurons, learning rate, etc.) and then trained on datasets of micro imaged wells. The population of the earth model with fracture characteristics is controlled by the complex trend which combines seismic AVAZ-attributes and structural aspects. An ensemble of the DFN realizations has been generated varying distributions of fracture geometry and aperture. The matching of the dual porosity simulation model provided a clue for selecting the appropriate realizations. Fracturing of the reservoir is caused by tectonically induced deformation of the formation. The majority of fractures belong to the zones of major folding axes and curvature peaks of the structure. The fractures’ strikes generally correspond to the directions of those axes. The trained neural network establishes the correlation of "fracture" logging data and "conventional" logging data with R2 factor of >0.90. After ensuring the absence of evident overfitting this value is considered as high enough for justifying the approach implementation. The fractures dip azimuths are defined on the circular "never-ending" range of angles, so the correct treatment of this kind data requires application of vector summation rules at every stage of modelling from well data scaling-up to the DFN generation. To avoid irrational averaging of dispersed dip azimuths within a grid cell, the pile of interpreted conductive fractures for each micro imaged well should be divided into appropriate number of independently modelling sets. Since fracture density data is of heteroscedastic nature, it cannot be distributed in the earth model using only variogram based geostatistical methods. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a trending property for a strict control of a fracture density spatial distribution within the model grid. The neural network approach enables the generalization of a limited number of micro imagers’ fracture densities to a sufficiently wider range of wells characterized solely by "conventional" logging datasets. Since fracture density spatial distribution is usually subject to abrupt lateral changes, any insights on additional independently obtained well fracture density data can significantly enhance the quality of the DFN model.
Optimizing Drilling Operations with Slimhole Sidetracking Techniques: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Ismayilov Elshan , Mahmudov Gunduz
Published: November 2024

The recent decline in crude oil production has needed more subsurface explorations to sustain and increase oil production in Azerbaijan. Consequently, this necessitated the developing and implementing a new strategy to drill slim hole side tracks from existing wells on a platform facing challenges with declining production and limited new slots. Nowadays, the drilling of slim hole sidetrack wells as a slot recovery technique is one of the most relevant and focused drilling technique. This type of drilling operation differs from conventional drilling methods due to many different operational challenges and limitations.

This case study aims to highlight the successful delivery practices of the dual casing exit slim hole sidetrack projects from the Gunashli field in the Caspian Sea. The paper focuses on sidetracking operation within the smaller casing sizes such as 6-5/8" and 9-5/8" by using design-specific technologies and executing a comprehensive planning strategy to eliminate different operational complexities. The study was aimed to share the experience of how slim hole sidetracking was planned and drilled successfully by managing various operational challenges such as high differential sticking risks, smooth passage of RSS UWD BHA through the window interval due to its stiffness, high loss possibility while drilling through depleted reservoir interval, trajectory control and high dogleg, casing held up due to trajectory complexity, tubular failure, vibration issues and others. It highlights valuable lessons learned and best practices during the re-entry operation, emphasizes measures identified and show the recommended way forward to optimize future operations in similarly complex and challenging wells by minimizing NPTs and eliminating costly remedial operations.
The Potential Lenses Oil Reservoir Discoveries and Exploitation in the Northern United Arab Emirates
Authors: Balhasan S. , Magomadov I. A. , Kassymov T. K. , Iskakov R. , Abdelnabi A. , Uzdieva N. S. , Iskandar B. , Khameiss B. , Al Asfoor M. , Qaysi S. , Abushalah Y.
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the potential of lenses oil reservoirs in the northern United Arab Emirates, emphasizing geological settings, distribution patterns, and prospective oil-bearing capacities. By employing innovative exploration techniques, this study aims to revolutionize the understanding and development of these complex reservoirs. The research investigates the potential of lenses oil reservoirs in the Northern United Arab Emirates, focusing on their geological settings, distribution patterns, and oil-bearing capacities. These reservoirs, characterized by their thin, isolated sand bodies, present unique challenges due to their heterogeneity and complex depositional environments. Through advanced exploration techniques such as high-resolution seismic imaging, well-logging tools, and reservoir simulation, this study highlights the opportunities for unlocking these reservoirs’ potential. The research findings provide strategic insights and recommendations for optimal exploration and recovery practices that can significantly enhance hydrocarbon production in the region
Navigating Technical and Assurance Challenges and Solutions in Joint Ventures: A Case Study of KMG Nabors Drilling Company LLP
Authors: Darab G. , Tleugaliyev S.
Published: November 2024

Effective partnership models are essential in achieving successful project management, productive collaboration, and responsible operations. Each model, whether established via traditional contracting or set up as a joint venture (JV), presents unique technical, personnel and assurance challenges. Because JVs are built on resource pooling and shared expertise, they often contend with complexities in governance, cultural integration, and joint accountability. Addressing these issues requires a strong corporate commitment combined with robust policies and procedures, effective communication strategies and an investment in change management.

This paper explores the methods employed in the successful partnership between Nabors and KazMunayGas (KMG) in the formation of KMG Nabors Drilling Company LLP (KNDC) and illustrates how following those same methods has enabled the JV to grow while educating and training local personnel and maintaining proficient execution of drilling programs. The objective is to present the strategies and models that enabled effective collaboration to create a highly functioning JV and provide examples that demonstrate that this goal was—and continues to be—achieved.
Prediction and Application of Pore Pressure for Carbonate Reservoirs in Zhongjiang–Penglai of China
Authors: Xinyu Guo , Ming Tang , Shiming He , Lu Zou , Yemiao Zhou , Guangfu Zhang
Published: November 2024

The Zhongjiang–Penglai block has a submitted reserve forecast of 20 billion m3 and is a vital guarantee for natural gas resources in the Sichuan Basin. However, the lower carbonate formations in this block have developed pores, caves, and fractures, with weak bearing capacity, frequent drilling leakage, and overflow, making it necessary to perform pore pressure prediction and research in the carbonate formations of the working area. First, a new effective stress model is proposed that comprehensively considers the impact of multiple factors, such as interval transit time, rock density, and formation resistivity. Based on this, a prediction model for pore pressure in carbonate rocks in the Zhongjiang Penglai block was established. Second, three-dimensional (3D) seismic velocity data establishes a 3D geological model of the primary carbonate formations in the Zhongjiang–Penglai block. The sequential Gaussian simulation method is used to obtain the distribution of 3D pore pressure in the primary carbonate formations, and the calculation results are visualized in three dimensions. The model is validated using field-measured data, and the calculated results of the single well prediction model for carbonate rock pore pressure were in good agreement with the measured and actual drilling results, with errors ranging from -7.35% to 5.87%. The 3D pore pressure model for the primary carbonate formations correlates well with the single well prediction model, and both have the same trend of change. The new pore pressure model established in this study can accurately predict the pore pressure of carbonate formations, providing strong support for the safe and efficient exploration of deep oil and gas resources in the Zhongjiang–Penglai block.
Prevalence and determinants of HIV Testing-Seeking Behaviors Among women of Reproductive age in Tanzania: Analysis of the 2022 Demographic and health survey
Authors: Asingwire Jackson Micheal , Isiko Isaac , Rombe Kuli Faith , Mwesigwa Aaron , Ikwara Emmanuel Asher , Olot Haron , Okoro Lenz Nwachinemere , Izunwanne Manankong Jane Precious , Agunwa Blessing Onyinyechi , Bwana Abdul Aziiz , Kalemba William Yiga , Anyamene Ebuka Louis
Published: November 2024

Aim: HIV remains one of the major epidemics and public health concerns within low and middle-income countries such as Tanzania. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and the factors associated with HIV testing-seeking behaviours among women of childbearing age in Tanzania.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional national survey that was conducted in 2022 in Tanzania by the ministries of health of mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. The 2022 TDHS-MIS employed Household, Women’s Questionnaire, Men’s Questionnaire, the Child Health Questionnaire and the Micronutrient Questionnaire. All the data analysis and cleaning were done using STATA version 17 at a significance level of p < 0.05 and 95% CI.
Results:This study included 2531 women with 2354 having ever tested for HIV while 177 had never tested for HIV. Not employed [AOR:0.35, CI (0.20-0.61)] has lower odds of HIV testing than All-year employed status. Rural residents have reduced odds of HIV testing [ AOR:0.43, CI (0.21-0.88)] compared to women living in urban areas. Those able to ask their partner to use a condom are more likely to have been tested with increased odds [ AOR: 3.52, CI (2.31-5.37)]. Participants with a history of genital discharge [ AOR:4.30, CI (1.28-14.46)] and those who don’t know their genital discharge history have [ AOR: 0.20, CI (0.07-0.55)] are significant for HIV testing. Women who have heard about PrEP but are not uncertain about its approval [AOR: 36.07, CI (3.33-390.25)], respondents who have tested before with HIV testing kits [ AOR:35.99, CI (4.00-324.13)] and women who are aware of HIV testing kids but never tested with them before [ AOR: 2.80, CI (1.19-6.58)] are predictors of HIV testing seeking behaviours.
Conclusion: Unemployed individuals, Participants able to discuss condom use with their partners, women with recent genital symptoms, such as discharge, living in rural areas, and being aware of and use of HIV test kits are associated with HIV testing among women. This suggests barriers tied to economic and geographic factors calling for interventions such as open communication among couples, improved health care delivery in rural areas hence improving testing access, increasing awareness of prevention methods, and fostering communication within relationships can effectively enhance HIV testing rates in the communities.
Fast simulation of the Zero Degree Calorimeter responses with generative neural networks
Authors: Wojnar Maksymilian , Majerz Emilia , Dzwinel Witold
Published: November 2024

Applying machine learning methods to high-energy physics simulations has recently emerged as a rapidly developing area. A prominent example is the Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) simulation in the ALICE experiment at CERN, where substituting the traditional computationally extensive Monte Carlo methods with generative models radically reduces computation time. Although numerous studies have addressed the fast ZDC simulation, there remains significant potential for innovations. Recent developments in generative neural networks have enabled the creation of models capable of producing high-quality samples indistinguishable from real data. In this paper, we apply the latest advances to the simulation of the ZDC neutron detector and achieve a significant improvement in the Wasserstein metric compared to existing methods with a low generation time of 5 ms per sample. Our focus is on exploring novel architectures and state-of-the-art generative frameworks. We compare their performance against established methods, demonstrating competitive outcomes in speed and efficiency. The source code and hyperparameters of the models can be found at https://github.com/m-wojnar/zdc.
Securing Automotive Networks from DoS and Fuzzy Attacks with Optimized LSTM Models
Authors: W Beniel Dennyson , C Jothikumar
Published: November 2024

The rapid development of intelligently connected automobiles has been greatly facilitated by the profound integration of technologically advanced networked devices and automotive innovation. The Controller Area Network (CAN) communicates to all connected devices called nodes inside a vehicle without verifying the addresses of those nodes to facilitate network connectivity within the vehicle. Because of this, it is highly susceptible since it lacks the authentication and authorization protocols, leading to all possible attack varieties. By integrating the Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) technique with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network, the system presents a novel idea to identify and avert fuzzy and Denial of Service (DoS) attacks on the CAN bus system. The effectiveness of the suggested method is proven by extensive experiments conducted on real-world car hacking datasets. The related CAN data features optimized for feature selection can be retrieved using the BFO algorithm. The LSTM model's features identify irregular CAN bus activity by learning complicated temporal patterns and capturing long-term dependencies. The methods, like rate limits, filtering IDs of high-priority messages, and preventing malicious congestion, are implemented to avoid DoS attacks. System responses to fuzzy attacks include correcting abnormal communication patterns, avoiding random IDs, and filtering attacked data. The results show that the methodology improves the security of automotive networks by detecting CAN bus attacks with high accuracy, low False Positive Rates (FPR), and efficient attack prevention capabilities.
Optimizing effects of organic farming and moderately low nitrogen levels on soil carbon and nitrogen pools, humus composition and related enzyme activities
Authors: Wang Guanghua , Chen Yuanjie , Chen Yuqi , Yu Shilong , Huang Xiaomin , Jiang Min , Zhang Zujian , Huang Lifen
Published: November 2024

With the development of intensive agriculture, soil health issues has received widespread attention. However, the mechanism of response to soil carbon and nitrogen pool sequestration characteristics under different cultivation practices in combination with nitrogen application is not yet elucidated. This limits the idea of trying to improve the soil biosystem in paddy fields through organic cultivation combined with appropriate nitrogen reduction fertilization. A split-plot design was employed, with cultivation methods (organic cultivation [OF] and conventional cultivation [CF]) and nitrogen levels (pure nitrogen at 180 kg·hm− 2 [N12] and pure nitrogen at 270 kg·hm− 2 [N18]) combined into four treatments. The impacts of organic and conventional cultivation as well as different nitrogen fertilizer application rates on soil properties were compared. The results demonstrated that organic cultivation combined with appropriate nitrogen reduction significantly increased the total carbon content of the surface soil and significantly increased the organic carbon content in the soil. Soil ammonium nitrogen content showed an overall trend of decreasing and then increasing, while the opposite was true for soil nitrate nitrogen content. Notably, the organic cultivation increased the activity of enzymes involved in the carbon and nitrogen cycle and the content of humic acid in the tillage layer, which led to the improvement of the soil aggregate structure.This research indicates that organic cultivation combined with appropriate nitrogen reduction fertilization positively affects soil carbon and nitrogen pool characteristics. This study provides new insights for restoring soil fertility and promoting sustainable agriculture.
Clinical and Neuropsychological Correlates of Substance Use Disorders in a Sample of Egyptian Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Arafa Omar E. , Eldeeb Fatma A. , Hodeib Hossam A. , Seleem Mohammad A.
Published: November 2024

Background
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a high comorbidity with substance use disorders (SUDs). The overlap between ADHD and SUD in both adolescents and adults is one of the areas of increasing clinical and public health interest. The current study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of individual with ADHD and comorbid SUDs during the adolescence period in comparison to those with ADHD without SUDs. Thirty adolescents aged 13–21 with ADHD, half of them with comorbid SUD, were interviewed using the Kiddie Schedule of affective disorders and schizophrenia. The Arabic version of Conners' Parent Rating Scale, urine screening for substances of abuse and the electronic version of the Continuous performance test − 3 (X-version) (CPT3-X) were used to evaluate the adolescents.
Results
subjects with ADHD and SUD were more likely to be males (86.7%) older than 17 years old (73.3%). They showed higher impulsivity and lower vigilance on CPT3-X than those with ADHD alone. The hyperactive/impulsive subtype of ADHD was the most significant variable that predicted comorbid SUD (p = 0.016), followed by comorbid conduct disorder (p = 0.017), then severe degree of ADHD (p = 0.018), and finally commission errors which indicates impulsivity in ADHD patients in CPT3-X (P-value 0.029).
Conclusions
Older males with severe ADHD, prominent hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, and comorbid conduct problems are at a specifically high risk to use substances during adolescence. High commission errors and high variability of performance in CPT might also distinguish youth with ADHD + SUD from those with ADHD only. Early intervention programs should be put in place to identify and protect these subjects from substance use in their early years of adolescence.
Analytical and numerical solution of MHD flow and heat transfer of a viscoelastic fluid in wire coating analysis
Authors: K T. Sravan
Published: November 2024

This study focusses on the wire coating process to insulate conducting wires with molten polymers for mechanical strength and defense in harsh conditions. The third-grade fluid model is satisfied in the current study on wire coating, which is carried by utilizing radiative melt polymer. This study is new as it examines how wire coating is affected by porosity, thermal radiation parameter, and variable temperature dependent viscosity. The Reynolds Model and Vogel’s Model have considered temperature-dependent viscosity. The non-linear differential equations are resolved regular perturbation approaches as well as by fourth order R-K method. Heat transfer phenomena, and graphs are used to illustrate the impacts of the relevant parameters. It is noteworthy that while the results previously provided show that a rise in non-Newtonian parameters improves velocity in the absence of porous matrix, this effect is reversed in the presence of porous matrix. It is also interesting to note that in the presence of a porous matrix, the process is accelerated by an increase in the heat radiation parameter. Furthermore, Vogel’s model clearly illustrates the flow instability in the flows of the extrusion die.
A Secondary Adaptive Droop Controller for Voltage/ Frequency Restoration, and Active/Reactive Power Sharing for Hybrid AC/DC Smart Microgrids
Authors: Sedhom Bishoy , Badran Ebrahim , Mansy Ibrahim , Elfadawy Ommohamed
Published: November 2024

Smart hybrid microgrid (H- SMG) power systems face the significant challenge of achieving fast power sharing and stable performance. This paper proposes a new secondary adaptive droop controller strategy to solve this challenge in the H-SMG. The conventional droop controller technique used in inverter-based H-SMG systems is unable to provide satisfactory performance easily, as selecting a high droop controller gain to achieve fast power sharing can reduce the system’s stability. The proposed controller used to enhance the primary controller’s performance, providing an accurate coefficient for the droop controller, voltage and current controllers. It can improve power qualities of the H-SMGs such as frequency/ voltage while maintaining proper power sharing between two SMGs. A secondary adaptive droop controller is easy to implement to damp the frequency and voltage caused by load-sharing between the inverters and improving active/ reactive power sharing for H-SMG. The simulation results under various operating scenarios are studied to verify the proposed controller. The results show that the proposed secondary adaptive droop controller significantly contributes to preserving SMG stability and reliability overall. The proposed controller improves the system’s stability margins, ensures faster power sharing, and reduces oscillations and variations in the system voltage/ frequency.
A Mendelian Randomization Study for Liposome on oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Su Kaixin , Mi Jia , Wang Rifu , Zhou Jian , Yan Fei , Liu Ousheng
Published: November 2024

Introduction and aims: In oral mucosal disease (OMD), oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders(OPMD), such as oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral leukoplakia (OLK), have the most complex etiology and worst prognosis among all OMDs. The use of liposomes shows great potential in diagnosing, treating, and preventing the mentioned diseases. Using mendelian randomization to explore the correlation between liposomes and OPMD as well as oral cancer, aiming to enhance the potential impact of liposomal genetic variations on early detection and treatment of oral diseases.
Methods: This Mendelian randomization study utilized data from 7174 GWAS participants from GeneRISK, Finland, examining 179 lipid species. SNPs associated with OSCC, OLP, and OLK were analyzed using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted mode, weighted median (WM), and MR-Egger methods. Sensitivity analysis was conducted with Cochrane's Q test and MR-PRESSO.
Results: IVW analysis identified six liposome types associated with OSCC, 21 with OLP, and seven with OLK (p<0.05). Notable protective factors for OSCC included specific triacylglycerol, while OLK-related liposomes presented opposite risk factors. OLP-associated lipids included three risk-associated triglycerides. No heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was detected, confirming the robustness of the findings.
Conclusion: The study highlighted similarities in the metabolic components of the blood lipidome among OSCC, OLP, and OLK, though liposomes with identical structures exhibited differing effects on disease pathogenesis.The study revealed the protective and risk effects of liposomes on OLP, OLK, and OSCC, highlighting their dual nature. Related lipidomics support non-invasive disease identification in OPMD conditions, offering a potential strategy for targeted prevention and drug treatment.
Origin of the Solar-Cycle Imprint on Global Sea Level Change
Authors: Masuda Shuhei , Matthews John , Yamashiki Yosuke
Published: November 2024

In order to improve insight into the causes of sea-level variability we investigate poorly understood 11-year solar-cyclic oscillations in the temporal rate of global sea-level change. Our approach is based mainly on a thorough reassessment of relevant historical datasets and on an analysis of precise altimetric sea-height observations. We first demonstrate that the temporal rates of change of water volumes stored on land also fluctuate on comparable 11-year timescales, suggesting that the solar-cyclic sea level oscillations we observe result from adjustments taking place in the water-mass balance between the oceanic and terrestrial realms. We then show that these water-mass transfers result primarily from systematic changes that take place in the El Niño Southern Oscillation during the course of the solar cycle. We interpret these evolutionary changes on the basis of a causal sequence that commences within the Quasi-Biennial-Oscillation, a system of regular upper-atmospheric wind reversals that exhibits a clear solar-cyclic dependence and has a well-defined impact on the development of the Madden Julian Oscillation. The latter can influence the strength and rate of evolution of the El Niño Southern Oscillation which, in turn, determines the level of net terrestrial water storage through its effect on rainfall patterns. Recognition of this underlying solar-cyclic modulation advances our understanding of the factors determining historical and future variability in global mean sea level.
Emergence of insulating ferro- and ferrimagnetism with enhanced optical properties in double-double perovskite oxides
Authors: Shaikh Monirul , Zhou Fengyi , Buvaneswaran Sathyamoorthi , Gowsalya Rajan , Sahoo Trilochan , Wang Duo , Ghosh Saurabh
Published: November 2024

The emergence of ferro-and ferrimagnetic behavior in insulating materials is uncommon, largely due to Pauli’s exclusion principle, which typically favors antiferromagnetic spin alignment between neighboring species. Utilizing symmetry analysis, first-principles methods, and classical Monte Carlo simulations, we report technologically important insulating ferro-and ferrimagnetic double-double perovskite oxides. Our study identifies LaA ′ MnNiO6 (A ′ = V, Cr, Mn, Co, and Ni) as promising candidates exhibiting band gaps between 1.3 eV and 2.2 eV, calculated using the modified Becke-Johnson exchange-correlation potential. These compounds are particularly relevant for spintronic and optical applications. We explain the mechanisms driving band gap openings and magnetic exchange interactions in these ferro-and ferrimagnetic compounds. Monte Carlo simulations, together with state-of-the-art orbital-decomposed exchange parameter analysis, reveal intriguing variations in magnetic transition temperatures (up to 242 K) and the corresponding exchange mechanisms in all LaA ′ MnNiO6 compounds are discussed. Additionally, we assess the thermody-namic and dynamic stability of these compounds, confirming their feasibility for practical applications.
Location-allocation of a Biorefinery Based on Linguistic Mixed Integer Nonlinear Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Fan Lei , Karimi Negar , Feylizadeh Mohammad Reza , Khorshidnia Mohsen , Esmaeeli Ehsan
Published: November 2024

Significant research is currently being conducted to explore renewable energy sources, such as biomass fuel, in response to recent fluctuations in fossil fuel prices and environmental concerns. However, utilizing biomass energy poses challenges due to the widespread distribution of feedstock and the need to transport multiple low-energy-density materials to conversion facilities. In this investigation, a Linguistics Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (LMINLP) approach with Z-number computations was employed to analyze the optimal allocation of locations for a bio-refinery supply chain network. This proposed method significantly impacted the product process, time value for plutocrats, installation investment costs, and transportation network. This research aims to construct an LMINLP model to determine the optimal position of a single installation within a bio-refinery. The primary goal was to make well-informed investment decisions regarding technologies, facilities, capacities, and site selections. A firefly algorithm incorporating a piecewise linearization approach was utilized to solve the model and achieve global optimality. The model's effectiveness was demonstrated through numerical examples, including those from the ethanol industry.
Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Translation of the Shitsu-Taikan-Sho (alexisomia) Scale (AR-STSS) in adults
Authors: Samaha Serena , Malaeb Diana , Sakr Fouad , Dabbous Mariam , Hallit Souheil , Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Obeid Sahar
Published: November 2024

Objective
Our aim in this study is to assess the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Shitsu-Taikan-Sho (Alexisomia) Scale (Ar-STSS) in a sample of Lebanese adults.
Methods
Data for this cross-sectional study was gathered using a Google form link. A sample of 758 Lebanese adults (61.2% females, mean age of 30.27 ± 13.80 years) completed an online questionnaire.
Results
According to CFA, the initial model's fit was poor: χ2/df = 1266.51/227 = 5.58, RMSEA = .099 (90% CI .094, .104), SRMR = .114, CFI = .748, TLI = .719. The Turkish model's CFA indicated a better fit: χ2/df = 474.70/132 = 3.60, RMSEA = .075 (90% CI .067, .082), SRMR = .071, CFI = .886, TLI = .867. The second-order model's fit indices were good: χ2/df = 474.70/132 = 3.60, RMSEA = .075 (90% CI .067, .082), SRMR = .071, CFI = .886, TLI = .867. The composite reliability of the scores was adequate (ω = .89). No significant difference was observed between sex in terms of alexisomia (53.19 ± 13.58 vs 52.28 ± 11.93; t(465) = .76; p = .450). Higher alexisomia were significantly associated with higher alexithymia (r = .50; p < .001), depression (r = .37; p < .001) and anxiety (r = .26; p < .001).
Conclusion
The linguistically validated Arabic version of the Shitsu-Taikan-Sho (Alexisomia) Scale can be used to screen for alexisomia among Lebanese adults.
Diagnosis and Management of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in a Dog: First Report in Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Joo Jae-Beom , Kim Keon , Ro Woong-Bin , Lee Chang-Min
Published: November 2024

Background
Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is an idiopathic chronic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of vomiting that are often triggered by psychological stressors and circadian rhythms. While CVS is well-documented in human medicine, this report details the first diagnosis of CVS in veterinary medicine.
Case presentation
A 16-year-old neutered male Maltese dog presented with a history of daily vomiting that was unresponsive to standard antiemetic therapies. On physical examination, hematologic tests, radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, and endoscopy, gastrointestinal and metabolic causes of vomiting were ruled out. In addition, to rule out neurogenic causes of vomiting, magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and electroencephalography were performed and showed no remarkable findings. Based on the distinctive vomiting pattern characterized by stress-induced symptoms and association with the circadian rhythm as well as consistency with the clinical criteria used in humans (Rome criteria), the dog was diagnosed with CVS. Therapeutic trials with anticonvulsants, including phenobarbital and levetiracetam, successfully controlled the dog’s clinical signs, which were unresponsive to conventional treatments.
Conclusions
This case emphasizes the potential for CVS in canine species and highlights the need for further exploration of neurogenic vomiting disorders in dogs.
Acoustic and Vibrational Properties of the American Horseshoe Crab Shell
Authors: Altschuler Graham , Fink Yoel , Zhao Yongyi , Seda David , Lustov Sunny , Chabot Christopher , Yang Grace
Published: November 2024

Among the most ancient living species on earth the Limulus polyphemus has evolved extraordinarily effective survival strategies. Covered by a shell of chitin exhibiting physical properties that set it apart from other shell bearing animals: including a low density of 0.15 [g/cm3], a complex gradient of thickness, and a closed porous structure. It is reasonable to assume that the role of the shell is to shield the soft tissue of the crab from predators; however, one would expect that its mechanical strength would be high and yet this shell is comparatively weak. At the same time, it displays a structural complexity yielding a high acoustic impedance mismatch with water. These observations raise the prospect that the shell may be contributing in other ways to the crab’s survival. Harnessing ultiple measurement approaches we study physiological sources of sound including the magnitude of heart and gill movement as expressed close to the source of excitation itself as well as its vibrational impact on the motion of the shell surface. Gill motion and heartbeat, which generate large macroscopic displacements below the shell result in sub microns vibration of the shell surface. Given the large impedance mismatch with water, we show through sound transmission measurements that that the shell has very high acoustic reflectivity below 1000 Hz corroborated by a finite element analysis. These observations raise the prospect that the Limulus polyphemus shell may serve as an acoustic and vibration attenuator, lowering the vibration and acoustic signature of the horseshoe crab and conferring a potential survival advantage.
Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) Potentiates Chemo- and Radiosensitization of Cancer Cells in Synergistic way
Authors: Lal Mitu , Rajpurohit Yogendra Singh
Published: November 2024

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a naturally occurring redox cofactor, has demonstrated a wide range of biological activities, particularly its ability to modulate mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aimed to evaluate the potential of PQQ to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation in cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7, and HT-29). Results revealed that PQQ significantly reduced cell viability in a dose-and time-dependent manner, particularly in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs (5-FU, Tamoxifen, Carboplatin, and Doxorubicin) and gamma radiation. Furthermore, PQQ in combination of chemotherapeutic drugs (5-FU) and gamma radiation resulted in increased ROS generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, GSH depletion, and DNA damage, all contributing to enhanced cancer cell death. These findings suggest for first time that PQQ acts as a potent chemo-and radiosensitizer, with the potential to improve cancer treatment outcomes while reducing the required doses of chemotherapy and radiation, thereby possible minimizing side effects.
Retrogression and Reaging – Aluminum Alloy AA7012
Authors: Rosa Luiz , de Carvalho André Luís Moreira , Hein Luis Rogerio de Oliveira , Ribeiro Marcos Valério
Published: November 2024

Retrogression and Reaging (RRA) is of interest to the automotive industry for manufacturing components of high-strength aluminum alloys. This study describes obtaining the Retrogression and Reaging curve for the aluminum alloy AA7012-T6 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) – UNS A97012. The RRA heat treatment consists of two stages: the first stage is retrogression, which was carried out on the samples in the T6 hardening condition for a time ranging from 5 seconds to 4 hours and at different temperatures: 180°C, 210°C, and 240°C. The second stage, re-aging, was conducted at 120°C for 24 hours (process parameters for obtaining the T6 temper). The RRA curve was obtained by measuring hardness Vickers (HV). The samples were also evaluated for electrical conductivity (%IACS - International Annealed Copper Standard ). The best response for the RRA curve was obtained with retrogression at 180°C/1h and re-aging at 120°C for 24 hours. The increase in hardness (HV) obtained with RRA 180°C/1h and reaged at 120°C/24h was 19%.
Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of the Pregnancy Quality of Life Scale
Authors: AYAN Gamze , APAY Serap EJDER
Published: November 2024

Background: Turkish validity and reliability of the Pregnancy Quality of Life Scale
The aim of the study was to bring them into Turkish society.
Methods: The study was carried out methodologically between April 2021 and April 2022 at Bayburt State Hospital, which is the only public hospital operating in the city center of Bayburt. In the study, a total of 355 pregnant women who met the research criteria and volunteered to participate in the study were examined without selecting a sample. Validity and reliability analysis of language and content validity, explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis, cronbach- α coefficient were used.
Results: Content validity of the Quality of ory factor analysis of the scale, it was determined that it had a single factor structure and factor loads were in the appropriate range. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, it was found that the single factor structure of the scale was valid and the fit indices weLife in Pregnancy Scale was carried out with expert opinions. As a result of the explanatre appropriate. In internal consistency analyses, item-total score correlations were sufficient, and the total cronbach-α coefficient of the scale was 0.628 for the first trimester, and 0.628 for the II. 0.727 for trimester, III. It is 0.698 for trimester.
Conclusion: It has been determined that the Pregnancy Quality of Life Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool in Turkish.
Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning in Large Models: A Survey of Methodologies
Authors: Wang Luping , Chen Sheng , Jiang Linnan , Pan Shu , Cai Runze , Yang Sen , Yang Fei
Published: November 2024

The large models, as predicted by scaling law forecasts, have made groundbreaking progress in many fields, particularly in natural language generation tasks, where they have approached or even surpassed human levels. However, the unprecedented scale of their parameters brings significant computational and storage costs. These large models require substantial computational resources and GPU memory to operate. When adapting large models to specific downstream tasks, their massive parameter scale poses a significant challenge in fine-tuning on hardware platforms with limited computational power and GPU memory. To address this issue, Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) offers a practical solution by efficiently adjusting the parameters of large pre-trained models to suit various downstream tasks. Specifically, PEFT adjusts the parameters of pre-trained large models to adapt to specific tasks or domains, minimizing the introduction of additional parameters and the computational resources required. This review mainly introduces the preliminary knowledge of PEFT, the core ideas and principles of various PEFT algorithms, the applications of PEFT, and potential future research directions. By reading this review, we believe that interested parties can quickly grasp the PEFT methodology, thereby accelerating its development and innovation.
Determination and Application of a New Drought Resistant Control Water Level for Multi-Reservoir Systems Based on Water Resource Allocation Model
Authors: cheng Yaping , Yan Ziqi , Yan Denghua , Liu Miao , Wei Ruishen
Published: November 2024

With the increasing frequency of global drought events, it is essential to implement effective monitoring and early warning systems. In China, the concept of the "drought-limited water level" has provided a new indicator for drought management and reservoir operations. This study proposes a refined optimization model for determining the drought-limited water level in multi-reservoir systems based on a general water allocation and simulation model. Applied to the typical reservoirs in the North China Plain, the drought-limited water level and corresponding drought management strategies of each reservoir were precisely determined. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted between the traditional aggregated optimization approach and the proposed refined optimization method. Results indicate that the application of drought-limited water levels effectively mitigates regional water shortage during drought, and transforms the continuous severe damage into relatively milder wide shallow damage. This adjustment supports efficient spatiotemporal allocation of water resources. Furthermore, this method improves the accuracy of drought-limited water level determination for individual reservoirs and effectively reduces unnecessary water shortage risk. The findings demonstrate the model is well-suited for determining drought-limited water levels in complex multi-reservoir systems, providing important references for the engineering promotion of drought-limited water levels and drought-resistant management of reservoirs.
Soil C and N and specific bacterial functions affect greenhouse gas emissions in dryland rice under water and fertilizer coupling management
Authors: Tan Hao , An Xiuhua , Tuo Yunfei , He Xiahong
Published: November 2024

Background
Dryland rice has obvious advantages in saving water and fertilizer and improving agricultural productivity. However, irrational application of fertilizer and irrigation by farmers is prone to cause a large amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It is of great environmental significance to explore the greenhouse gas emissions in dryland rice under water-fertilizer coupling regimes.
Methods
In this study, we set up the three irrigation levels of W1 (200 m3·hm-2), W2 (300 m3·hm-2), and W3 (400 m3·hm-2), the four fertilizer levels of F1 (400·kg-hm-2), F2 (600·kg-hm-2), F3 (800·kg-hm-2), and F4 (1000 kg·hm-2) with a total of twelve water and fertilizer treatments in a completely orthogonal combination as well as a non-irrigated and non-fertilized CK as a control in a dryland rice farmland. The cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, global warming potential (GWP), and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) of dryland rice in the growth period under different irrigation and fertilization treatments were monitored, the differences in soil physicochemical properties and bacterial structure and function under different water and fertilizer treatments were analyzed, and the effects of the representative C and N as well as the specific functions of bacteria in soil on the average cumulative GHG emissions through the structural equation model were revealed.
Results
The data showed that the increase in irrigation and fertilizer application increased the soil C and N content and yield of dryland rice. The CO2 cumulative emissions also increased by 62.40% compared with CK, but the CH4 and N2O cumulative emissions significantly decreased by 98.20% and 42.67%, respectively. It was worth noting that the GWP of the W3F4 treatment had a maximum value of 22085.64 kg CO2/ha, but the GHGI was lower. The relative abundance in Acidobacteriota was low. However, it had a great importance for water and fertilizer treatments. Although the functional relative abundance in Chemoheterotrophy and aerobic_chemoheterotrophy was more than 30%, the relative abundance in nitrate_ reduction, predatory_or_exoparasitic, and chitinolysis function was less than 3.33% which directly affected the GHG emissions. Moreover, the soil C and N indirectly affected the GHG emissions through soil bacterial functions.
Conclusions
This study can provide a reference basis for the response of the GHG emissions to soil C and N and specific bacterial function in dryland rice under different water and fertilizer regimes, as well as a practical guidance for attenuating the GHG emissions in farmers' production.