bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INNOVATION MANAGEMENT CHAIN: PROPOSAL FOR INNOVATION MANAGEMENT PROCESS WITH SYNERGY BETWEEN IDEATION, CORPORATE ACCELERATION AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Cintra Leandro Pinheiro
Published: October 2020

The aim of this article is to discuss the innovation management within the corporate context, with an organizational structure dedicated to manage corporate innovation, called Innovation Management Office. The organizational structure for innovation management is presented connected with the corporate entrepreneurship process, as an opportunity to enhance the results of a search process results through innovation. The innovation management process is coordinated since the ideation stage, passing through the corporate acceleration process to develop and validate a set of prioritized ideas and then implemented using project management best practices, after an innovation and strategic portfolio of projects selected and balanced in the organization. After all, it is shown the Innovation Management Chain including all these stages. The methodology used was bibliographical research, with survey of the literature of the issue. This article was presented as relevant in a strong demand environment for innovation management in organizations and at the same time the shortage of literature on corporate entrepreneurship and Innovation Management Office.
The Use of Personality Traits to Enhance Theory-driven Group Formation
Authors: Reis Rachel Carlos Duque , Lyra Kamila Takayama , Reis Clausius Duque Gonçalves , Penteado Bruno Elias , Isotani Seiji
Published: October 2020

Group formation is an important and challenging element for designing successful CSCL scenarios. Despite efforts from the scientific community in developing more effective algorithms to support group formation processes, we still face problems related to learners’ resistance and demotivation towards group work. In this sense, diverse studies highlight the importance of considering learners’ personality traits to form groups, since this factor can influence students’ performance and induce diverse actions and behaviors in group work. Therefore, this paper presents G-FusionPT (Group Formation USIng Ontology and Personality Trait), a group formation algorithm that support new learning roles, denominated Affective Collaborative Learning roles, based on relation between collaborative learning theories and students’ personality traits. The algorithm is based on a collaborative ontology to understand the learning theories (e.g., context, learning activities, group structure), and learners profile to understand learners’ needs (e.g., target/current knowledge/skill). To evaluate the algorithm, we used a 300 student simulated sample with varying group size (three, five, and seven members), and compared G-FusionPT results to other group formation algorithms: G-Fusion (based specifically on collaborative learning theories) and Random (no strategy or criterion). The results demonstrated the effectiveness of G-FusionPT against G-Fusion and Random algorithms, as it generated the highest average percentage of learners in well-formed groups and lowest average percentage of learners in unfit groups.
Analysis and Experimental Research on Test Method of Initial Guidance Thrust
Authors: WANG Zhuo , WANG Tao , ZHANG Bo , MA Hong-wen
Published: October 2020

With the gradual development of aerospace industry, the demand for missile performance is also growing. The steering gear, as one of the main implementing agencies of the missile guidance and control system, can adjust the actual thrust size through the closed-loop control system during missile guidance the deflection angle of the rudder surface, in order to change the missile's flight speed and flight attitude. The missile during the flight attitude correction and speed adjustment are through the electric servo output power to change the size of the output to complete. In this paper, the unsteady turbulent analysis theory is used to analyze the thrust test mechanism of jet. Through the simulation of the flow field, the influence of bearing wall position on the impact jet backflow zone location is studied, and the position of the bearing wall whose pressure value is the closest to the true value is determined. In addition, a simplified test system of jet thrust test was designed. The relationship between wall position and pressure was verified through experiments, which verified the accuracy of simulation results.
Study on the Influence of the Center of Gravity of Fuel Cell City Bus on its Handling Characteristics
Authors: FAN Yuezhen , DU Chuanchao , WANG Qingchun
Published: October 2020

The vehicles driven by combustion engine leads to environmental problems because of fossil fuel consumption. In recent years, many policies have adopted to support the development of new energy vehicles, especially battery electric vehicles as the main strategy in China. For the battery electric vehicles, the position of the battery pack can change the centroid position of the vehicle because of its big mass, and it can also change the loading of each tire in the motion, which has important influence on the vehicle handing and stability performance. This article studies the relationship between handling characteristic and the change of centroid position on a fuel cell city bus, and then solves the suitable centroid position of this vehicle which makes the vehicle have satisfied steering characteristic.
Elastic-plastic fracture analysis of external thread of drive shaft shell of a positive displacement motor
Authors: ZHAO Guanghui , LIAO Guipeng
Published: October 2020

For a positive displacement motor (PDM), the threaded joint connecting drive shaft shell (DSS) and universal shaft shell that is close to the bit is inclined to fracture. In this paper, elastic-plastic fracture performance of the threaded connection is simulated under both make-up torque and bending moment. Firstly, an FE model, which includes a cracked external thread of the DSS and an engaging internal thread of the universal shaft shell, is established and validated. Secondly, influences of both plastic deformation and the helix angle on fracture properties of the cracked thread are evaluated quantitatively. Meanwhile interactions between two cracks are also discussed. Finally, under the two kinds of loading conditions, i.e. loaded by pre-load only and loaded by both pre-load and bending moment, explicit relationships between characteristic J-integrals and the crack depth are obtained for the DSS.
Dynamic Stability Critical State of Pin-Ended Arches under Sudden Central Concentrated Load
Authors: QIN Kai , LI Jingyuan , LIU Mengsha , JU Jinsan
Published: October 2020

The dynamic in-plane instability process of extreme point type for pin-ended arches when a central radial load applied suddenly with infinite duration is analyzed with finite element method in this study. The state of arch can be determined by the crown’s vertical displacement varied with time and the critical load can be obtained by repeating trial-calculation. When the arch structure reaches the dynamically stable critical state, the kinetic energy of the structure is very small or even zero. The dynamic critical load of elastic arch calculated with the theoretical analysis method which is based on energy principle is proved accuracy enough by comparing with the finite element calculation results and the percentage of the differences between them are no more than 4.5 %. The maximal elastic strain energy is certain for the elastic-plastic arch in certain geometry under both a sudden load and static load. The maximal elastic strain energy in static calculation can be used in determining the state of the elastic-plastic arch under dynamic sudden loads applied and this method is more accurate which errors won’t exceed 3.5 %. The accuracy of dynamic critical load calculation method for elastic arch is verified by numerical calculation in this study, and based on the characteristic of elastic strain energy in critical state, a method for determining the stability of elastic-plastic arch is presented.
Thick Plate Bending and Image Processing Algorithms Assistant for Deformation Process Discretization Analyses
Authors: SHEN Longzhang , QIU Changjun , WU Xiaoyan , LIU Yong
Published: October 2020

The mechanism of three-point thick plate bending finished via the specially designed experiment device in this paper. The deformation process discretization analysis completed via gridding method. T2 copper thick plate was chosen as the subject for the experiment, and the ratio of punch radius to sheet thickness was R/t = 1 and 2. The surface of the specimen was meshed by use of fine ink pen. The forming process was accomplished on the experimental facility of three-point free of sheet metal bending. And photos of the specimen in the forming process were recorded on every moment by use of digital camera. The grid pictures of specimen were gotten by image processing, and the accuracy is comparable with finite element analysis.  Compared with the grid pictures, the inside and outside of the thick plate bending angle wasn’t strict equaled in the forming process, and there was a trend that the angle would increase gradually from inside to outside. The angle difference would be decreased under the effect of the correction force after spring-back.
Adaptive Powell’s Identification of Elastic Constants of Composite Glass Girder with Layered Shell Element Theory
Authors: ZHANG Jian , JIANG Yanlong , SUN Wei , LIU Hua , LI Guodong , WANG Jiayong
Published: October 2020

For the composite glass box girder, the generalized Bayesian objective function of elastic constants of the structure was derived based on layered shell element theory. Mechanical performances of the composite glass box girder were solved by layered shell element method. Combined with quadratic parabolic interpolation search scheme of optimized step length, the adaptive Powell’s optimization theory was taken to complete the stochastic identification of elastic constants of composite glass box girder. Then the adaptive Powell’s identification steps of elastic constants of the structure were presented in detail and the adaptive Powell’s identification procedure was accomplished. From some classic examples, it is finally achieved that the adaptive Powell’s identification of elastic constants of composite glass box girder has perfect convergence and numerical stability, which testifies that the adaptive Powell’s identification theory of elastic constants of composite glass box girder is correct and reliable. The stochastic characteristics of systematic responses and elastic constants are well deliberated in generalized Bayesian objective function. And in iterative processes, the adaptive Powell’s identification is irrelevant with the complicated partial differentiation of the systematic responses from the layered shell element model to the elastic constants, which proves high computation efficiency.
Staatengleichheit in der EU aus der nationalen Perspektive
Authors: Tichý Luboš
Published: October 2020

Der Beitrag hat das Ziel, den Begriff der Gleichheit der Mitgliedstaaten im Unionsrecht zu klären. Da es sich hierbei um eine relativ selten thematisierte Problematik handelt, wird dieser Begriff zunächst aus der Perspektive der Logik, der Rechtsphilosophie und der Rechtstheorie analysiert, um bestimmte Maßstäbe für seine Abgrenzung und Verwendung vorzuschlagen. Diese Maßstäbe sollen das freie Ermessen der Unionsorgane bei ihren Entscheidungen einschränken und dadurch zur Stärkung der Prinzipien der Transparenz und Voraussehbarkeit beitragen. Darüber hinaus bestimmt der Autor die Anwendungsbereiche der Gleichheit und kommt zu der Ansicht, dass es notwendig ist, die Zuständigkeit und Wirkung der normativen Gleichheit gegenüber den Mitgliedstaaten als einheitlich und frei von Unterschieden und Ausnahmen anzunehmen. Als Gegenpol zur und Ausnahme von dieser normativen Gleichheit ist die materielle Gleichheit zu unterscheiden, die etwa im Rahmen der Kohäsionspolitik auf weniger entwickelte Regionen angewendet wird, die bevorzugt werden, um damit eine Annäherung und letztlich eine Gleichstellung erreichen zu können. Hier gilt eine Ausnahme von der Gleichheit der Mitgliedstaaten vor dem Unionsrecht, wie sie sich aus Art. 4 Abs. 2 EUV ergibt. Der Autor kritisiert darüber hinaus die teilweise anzutreffende Selektivität bei der Anwendung der Gleichheit; denn im Anwendungsbereich der normativen Gleichheit, die eine absolute Gleichheit von Rechten und Pflichten der Mitgliedstaaten bedeutet, sind Ausnahmen unzulässig, die zu einer ungleichen Behandlung und damit zu einer Diskriminierung der Mitgliedstaaten führen können.
Bemerkungen zur Gleichheit und nationalen Identität der Mitgliedstaaten und dem Rechtsstaatsprinzip – aus der Perspektive Finnlands
Authors: Raitio Juha
Published: October 2020

Eine juristische Diskussion über den Status kleiner Mitgliedstaaten wie Finnland in der Europäischen Union (EU), über nationale Identität und vor allem darüber, weshalb die Rechtstaatlichkeit in der Union in den Vordergrund gestellt werden muss, ist dringend erforderlich. Art. 4 Abs. 2 EUV statuiert die Achtung der Gleichheit und der jeweiligen nationalen Identität der Mitgliedstaaten, sodass zunächst diese Themen im Hinblick auf ihre normative Grundlage untersucht werden sollen. Zudem soll auf die Werte der EU, den Begriff der Rechtsstaatlichkeit und die Bedeutung der Wahrung der Rechtsstaatlichkeit für die Gleichheit der Mitgliedstaaten eingegangen werden.
Konservatismus: Entwicklungslinien, Referenzsysteme für politische Entscheidungen sowie verwaltungspolitische Implikationen
Authors: Konzendorf Gottfried
Published: October 2020

Der Begriff „Konservatismus“ ist in aller Munde. Leicht drängt sich der Eindruck auf, unterschiedliche Akteure und Parteien hätten eine Debatte und einen Wettstreit ausgerufen, wer den „wahren“ Konservatismus vertritt. So unterschiedliche Politiker wie Winfried Kretschmann und Alexander Gauland beteiligen sich ebeno an der Debatte wie Akteure von CDU und CSU. Im Beitrag werden Entwicklungslinien des Konservatismus in Deutschland aufgezeigt, die eine Einordnung der aktuellen Auseinandersetzung erleichtern sollen. Darüber hinaus wird exemplarisch dargestellt, wie aus den Entwicklungslinien abgeleitete Referenzsysteme politische Entscheidungen sowie die Verwaltungspolitik beeinflussen.
China auf dem Weg zur Hegemonialmacht in Asien?
Authors: Müller Michael
Published: October 2020

China's rise undoubtedly changes the global distribution of power. But how does the People's Republic transform its growing claim to power into political action, and what effects can already be seen today in the Chinese neighbourhood? In this book, Chinese activities in Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Iran are empirically analyzed. At its core is the question of whether the growing trade exchange, the increase in Chinese investments and the intensification of military cooperation are accompanied by an increase in China's political influence in the countries of Central and South Asia. The book aims to enrich the international debate on China's expansion of power with empirical findings.
1,2,3-Triazoles: Synthesis and Biological Application
Authors: Aziz Ali Abdul
Published: October 2020

Among nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, 1,2,3-triazoles are privileged structure motif and received a great deal of attention in academics and industry. Even though absent in nature, 1,2,3-triazoles have found broad applications in drug discovery, organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, bioconjugation, chemical biology, fluorescent imaging, and materials science. Therefore, the development of facile and straightforward methodology for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles is of noteworthy interest. In this study, emphasis will be given to numerous synthetic approaches for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles, especially the popular click chemistry approach. Furthermore, several biological activities of this promising heterocycle will also be discussed.
Climate Change, Credit Risk and Financial Stability
Authors: James Oguntuase Oluwaseun
Published: October 2020

Climate change is one of the greatest global challenges, posing an unprecedented challenge to the governance of global socioeconomic and financial systems. This chapter examines the climate change science and uncertainties associated with climate change, while identifying and explaining climate-related risks, the financial aspect of climate change, credit implications of climate change, integration of climate-related risks into credit risk assessment, and climate risk management. The chapter pays special attention to the triangular relationship between the three notions of climate-related risks, credit risk, and financial stability by enumerating the channels through which climate risks can cause credit risks and affect the stability of the financial system. Approaches to incorporate climate change into corporate risk management are also discussed.
Interlinking of River: Issues and Challenges
Authors: Jeet Pawan , Kumar Alok , K. Sundaram Prem
Published: October 2020

Climate change events cause erratic spatial and temporal variability in rainfall, temperature, humidity, etc. in long term, and are most severely affecting irrigation, domestic and industrial water supply. At the same time, water availability is also under pressure due to climate change and overexploitation of water resources. In a monsoonal climate that is already erratic and highly seasonal in nature, this increased variability due to climate change will further impact water availability and salt water intrusion. To overcome such problems, one of the most effective ways is interlinking of rivers. It is the interbasin water transfer from the water surplus rivers to water deficit rivers or regions. It will increase water supply, irrigation potential, mitigate floods, and droughts and reduce regional imbalance in the availability of water. Interlinking of rivers will reduce regional imbalances significantly and provide benefits by the way of additional irrigation potential, domestic and industrial water supply, hydropower generation, and transport facilities.
Why Effective Pain Management Remains a Challenge
Authors: Ugwu Nnenna
Published: October 2020

Pain is a subjective expression of neural impulses induced by a stimulus with a capacity to potentially damage tissues of the body. Simply put, pain is the reaction of the body to a potentially noxious or noxious stimulus, which threatens the normal homeostasis if unrelieved. Pain can be managed via pharmacological and non-pharmacological means, and pharmacological agents are the most widely accepted means, which have been shown to have variable effectiveness against pain. The barriers to effective pharmacological pain management in clinical practice are discussed in this chapter.
Starting New Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Residency Programs in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Goodbred Andrew , Snyder Richard , Sweeny Joan , Marchionni Christine , Bhatt Bankim , Domer Gregory , Davis Andrea , Yaich Sandra , P. Orlando James , Dalkiewicz James , Geary Matt , Yellapu Vikas , Kaur Parampreet
Published: October 2020

Starting a new ACGME approved residency program can positively impact patient care, medical education, hospital operations, and the community as whole. This requires a significant amount of commitment, time, and preparation. The initial application and accreditation process should start early and requires a thorough understanding on the ACGME requirements. Building a new residency program involves collaboration among various stakeholders, starting with the teaching hospital, ACGME, and the Center of Medicare and Medicaid services (CMS). It is prudent to also consider the operational and logistical issues such as budget, faculty and administrative staff hire, faculty time for administrative duties, and educational space for faculty and residents. It is vital to recognize how the institution’s strengths and weaknesses match up to these requirements. A robust educational and clinical curriculum in line with ACGME’s core competencies and useful educational collaboration among various programs is critical for effective program. Recruiting and developing the appropriate faculty members is another important aspect for a successful program. The final challenge is recruiting residents that will fit well into the new residency program. Lastly, we discuss the challenges and tips to mitigate the risks of disappointment in the process of starting and creating a flagship residency program.
Collaboration to Counter Fresh Water Scarcity and Promote Human Security
Authors: Fratantuono Michael , House Sarah , Weisman Sam
Published: October 2020

In the autumn of 2017, two professors and 13 undergraduate students from Dickinson College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania, US) engaged in 3 weeks of field research in Nepal. The students were assigned to one of four teams. Each was assisted by a pair of graduate students affiliated with Tribhuvan University (Kathmandu, Nepal). Each team conducted numerous semi-structured interviews in one of four wards of the Panchkahl Municipality of Kavrepalanchok District. When they returned to the US, each student team generated a 50-page report that summarized their findings. To frame the findings of those reports, the authors of this chapter constructed a basic yet original systems model. Their analysis suggests: (1) the importance of collaboration among system participants as the key to developing the capabilities needed to adapt to fresh water shortages and enhance prospects for human security and (2) the need for further system transformation to further promote adaptation.
Perturbation Theory and Phase Behavior Calculations Using Equation of State Models
Authors: Gaganis Vassilis
Published: October 2020

Equations of State (EoS) live at the heart of all thermodynamic calculations in chemical engineering applications as they allow for the determination of all related fluid properties such as vapor pressure, density, enthalpy, specific heat, and speed of sound, in an accurate and consistent way. Both macroscopic EoS models such as the classic cubic EoS models as well as models based on statistical mechanics and developed by means of perturbation theory are available. Under suitable pressure and temperature conditions, fluids of known composition may split in more than one phases, usually vapor and liquid while solids may also be present, each one exhibiting its own composition. Therefore, computational methods are utilized to calculate the number and the composition of the equilibrium phases at which a feed composition will potentially split so as to estimate their thermodynamic properties by means of the EoS. This chapter focuses on two of the most pronounced EoS models, the cubic ones and those based on statistical mechanics incorporating perturbation analysis. Subsequently, it describes the existing algorithms to solve phase behavior problems that rely on the classic rigorous thermodynamics context as well as modern trends that aim at accelerating computations.
Terpenes in Essential Oils: Bioactivity and Applications
Authors: Noriega Paco
Published: October 2020

Secondary metabolites from plant organisms have always been excellent options for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Essential oils are a type of metabolites found in vegetables, and their chemical composition is diverse; however, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes are inside the most abundant molecules. These terpenes have a diverse chemical composition that range from a simple molecule with carbon and hydrogen to more complex molecules with oxygenated organic groups, such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and ethers. Many of these molecules with 10 and 15 carbon atoms have an especially important biological activity, being important the antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, insecticide, analgesic, anticancer, cytotoxic, among others. Some of these substances are potentially toxic, and hence, they should be handled with caution, especially when they are pure. They are easily obtained by different methods, and their industrial value grows every year, with a market of several million dollars. This chapter seeks to provide a better understanding of this type of bioactive molecules, with an emphasis in those whose information is remarkable in the scientific literature and whose value for health and human well-being makes them extremely important.
Origin of DNA Repair in the RNA World
Authors: Bernstein Harris , Bernstein Carol
Published: October 2020

The early history of life on Earth likely included a stage in which life existed as self-replicating protocells with single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genomes. In this RNA world, genome damage from a variety of sources (spontaneous hydrolysis, UV, etc.) would have been a problem for survival. Selection pressure for dealing with genome damage would have led to adaptive strategies for mitigating the damage. In today’s world, RNA viruses with ssRNA genomes are common, and these viruses similarly need to cope with genome damage. Thus ssRNA viruses can serve as models for understanding the early evolution of genome repair. As the ssRNA protocells in the early RNA world evolved, the RNA genome likely gave rise, through a series of evolutionary stages, to the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome. In ssRNA to dsDNA evolution, genome repair processes also likely evolved to accommodate this transition. Some of the basic features of ssRNA genome repair appear to have been retained in descendants with dsDNA genomes. In particular, a type of strand-switching recombination occurs when ssRNA replication is blocked by a damage in the template strand. Elements of this process appear to have a central role in recombinational repair processes during meiosis and mitosis of descendant dsDNA organisms.
Ecofriendly Marigold Dye as Natural Colourant for Fabric
Authors: F. Harlapur Sujata , Harlapur Suneeta , F. Harlapur Shantabasavareddi
Published: October 2020

This chapter highlights on the applications of marigold plant extracts as an antibacterial and antimicrobial best dyer for textiles. Tagetes erecta usually known as Marigold is a vital wellspring of carotenoids and lutein, developed as a nursery plant. Marigold blossoms are yellow to orange red in colour. Now a days, lutein is transforming into an unquestionably common powerful fixing, used as a part of the medicines, food industry and textile coatings. This has increased more noticeable vitality of marigold and its exceptional concealing properties. Regardless of the way that marigold blooms; its extract has been used as a measure of veterinary supports. The examination was directed to contemplate the usage of a concentrate of marigold as a trademark shading, which is antibacterial and antimicrobial. The marigold extract ability was focused on colouring of the cotton fabrics. Investigations of the dye ability, wash fastness, light fastness, antibacterial tests and antimicrobial tests can be endeavoured. Studies have exhibited that surface concealing was not impacted by washing and drying in the shadow/sunlight. These surprises reveal that the concentrate of marigold extract can be used for cotton fabrics.
Pathogenesis and Prevention of Fetal and Neonatal Brain Injury
Authors: Macnab Andrew
Published: October 2020

Recent advances in the clinical management of at-risk pregnancy and care of the newborn have reduced morbidity and mortality among sick neonates, and improved our knowledge of factors that influence the risks of brain injury. In parallel, the refinement of imaging techniques has added to the ability of clinicians to define the etiology, timing and location of pathologic changes with diagnostic and prognostic relevance to the developing fetus and newborn infant. Abnormalities of brain growth, or injury to the developing brain can occur during pregnancy; during labor and delivery, hypoxia, acidosis and ischemia pose major risks to the fetus. Defined practices for the management of pregnancy and delivery, and evidence-based strategies for care in the newborn period are influencing outcome. However, newborn infants, especially those born prematurely, remain at risk from situations that can cause or worsen brain injury. The literature reviewed here explains the mechanisms and timing of injury, and the importance of hypoxia, ischemia, hypotension and infection; describes current diagnostic strategies, neuroimaging technologies and care entities available; and outlines approaches that can be used to prevent or mitigate brain injury. Some show particular promise, and all are relevant to lowering the incidence and severity of brain damage.
Application of a Pedometer for the Management of Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Pregnant Women
Authors: Ueno Mariko , Muraoka Mitsue , Takagi Koichiro
Published: October 2020

The proper management of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in pregnant women is important for both obstetricians and diabetologists as this condition is of interest to both obstetrics and internal medicine. Although nutritional intervention along with insulin treatment is the mainstream approach of IGT treatment in pregnant women, exercise intervention is another important component of the IGT management. A pedometer is a useful tool for objective exercise evaluation. Nonetheless, its application in the management of IGT in pregnant women is limited. On the other hand, with the widespread use of smartphones equipped with pedometer function, exercise by walking is easily monitored and utilised in both healthy pregnant women and pregnant women with obesity and impaired glucose tolerance. In this chapter, we review the present perspective on the use of a pedometer in the management of IGT in pregnant women by introducing our recently published work.
Oxidoreductases: Significance for Humans and Microorganism
Authors: Mahdi Kareem Hussein
Published: October 2020

Oxidoreductases consist of a large class of enzymes catalyzing the transfer of electrons from an electron donor (reductant) to an electron acceptor (oxidant) molecule. Since so many chemical and biochemical transformations comprise oxidation/reduction processes, it has long been an important goal in biotechnology to develop practical biocatalytic applications of oxidoreductases. During the past few years, significant breakthrough has been made in the development of oxidoreductase-based diagnostic tests and improved biosensors, and the design of innovative systems for the regeneration of essential coenzymes. Research on the construction of bioreactors for pollutants biodegradation and biomass processing, and the development of oxidoreductase-based approaches for synthesis of polymers and functionalized organic substrates have made great progress. Proper names of oxidoreductases are in a form of “donor:acceptor oxidoreductase”; while in most cases “donor dehydrogenase” is much more common. Common names also sometimes appeared as “acceptor reductase”, such as NAD+ reductase. “Donor oxidase” is a special case when O2 serves as the acceptor. In biochemical reactions, the redox reactions are sometimes more difficult to observe, such as this reaction from glycolysis: Pi + glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ → NADH + H+ + 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, where NAD+ is the oxidant (electron acceptor), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate functions as reductant (electron donor).
Implementation of a Value-Oriented Strategy of the Organization through a Portfolio of Projects
Authors: Michaylovna Molokanova Valentyna
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the methodological aspects of implementing the organization’s strategy through project portfolio management. The existing concepts, models, and methods of organizational development portfolios management are analyzed. The types of organizational cultures are considered in accordance with the evolutionary theory of values. The article shows that the success of the implementation of the organization’s development strategy is impossible without taking into account its dominant values. The organization development model links the spiral nature of systems development and the organization’s strategy in the form of a project portfolio. The model of the projects’ portfolio formation based on the definition of organizational values at the stages of the life cycle of the system is shown. The application of the competitive analysis method for the projects’ portfolio formation using the principles of value-oriented and reflexive management for making management decisions is presented.
Methods of Landscape Valorization and Possibilities of Its Application in Hunting Area Categorisation
Authors: Grzegorz Szewczyk , Lipka Krzysztof , Wężyk Piotr , Zięba-Kulawik Karolina , Winczek Monika
Published: October 2020

As a result of environmental changes, assessment indexes for the agricultural landscape have been changing dramatically. Being at the interface of human activity and the natural environment, hunting is particularly sensitive to environmental changes, such as increasing deforestation or large-scale farming. The classical categorisation of hunting grounds takes into account the area, forest cover, number of forest complexes, fertility of forest habitats, lack of continuity of areas potentially favourable to wild animals. Landscape assessment methods used in architecture often better reflect the actual breeding and hunting value of a given area, especially in relation to fields and forests. The forest-field mosaic, large spatial fragmentation as well as interweaving of natural environment elements with buildings do not have to be the factors that limit the numbers of small game. Identification of the constituents of architectural-landscape interiors: content and significance assessment, determination of the functional role or assessment based on the general environmental values being represented take into account factors important for the existence of game, in particular small game.
Occupational Health and Safety Standards of Foreign Seasonal Farm Workers: Evaluation of Personal Protection Measures, Policies and Practices
Authors: Weerasinghe Swarna
Published: October 2020

Health and safety standards are paramount to all agricultural workers and more so to the foreign seasonal farm workers. European, North American and Oceanic agricultural sector heavily depends on the foreign workers migrating temporarily to carryout seasonal agricultural work that are not attractive to local citizens. The aim of this chapter is to critically analyze existing workplace health and safety measures, policies and practices of Foreign agricultural workers with a secondary focus on Canadian public health standards that applies to COVID-19 pandemic control and beyond. During the pandemic, many countries opened international labour migration as a measure of economic recovery. Recent news media reported two Caribbean workers in the Canadian Agricultural sector, had died of COVID-19 complications. The basis of this chapter is the research based evidence that the author carried out on occupational health and safety standards of the population of foreign seasonal farm workers using a multi-method data collection: a scoping review of existing standards, policies and practices and personal interviews with seasonal agricultural workers and their employers. This chapter provides a critical analysis of data from multiple sources and from multiple jurisdictions to uncover gaps and malpractices of existing occupational health and safety practice standards for illness and injury prevention of foreign seasonal farm workers.
Surgical Techniques of Multiorgan Procurement from a Deceased Donor
Authors: Kakaei Farzad
Published: October 2020

Solid organ transplantation is now the standard treatment for many types of diseases and using a standard surgical technique for organ procurement from the deceased donors is an important step in preventing complications after such complicated procedures. In most centers, retrieval of heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, small bowel, pancreas and other organs is done at the same time by different surgeons under supervision by a team leader who is most familiar with at least basic steps of surgical technique of procurement of all the solid organs. Each transplant surgeon, regardless of his or her sub-specialty, has to know how to prepare and dissect the delicate anatomical structures which are in common between the two adjacent organs for example portal vein (liver-pancreas), superior mesenteric vein (pancreas-small bowel), abdominal inferior vena cava (liver-kidneys), supra-diaphragmatic inferior vena cava (liver-heart) and pulmonary artery-veins (heart-lungs). This needs a multidisciplinary approach by the most experienced members of the transplant team to decrease the warm ischemic time of the organs without any harm to them by better coordination between all the surgeons. In this, chapter we briefly describe the multiorgan retrieval procedure in a deceased donor, and we hope that following these instructions results in better quality of the procured organs without jeopardizing their vital anatomical structures.
Crystallized Regularities
Authors: Gómez Sánchez Verónica ,   Journal of Philosophy Inc.
Published: October 2020

This essay proposes a reductive account of robust macro-regularities (sometimes called “special science laws”). On the view proposed, regularities can earn their elite scientific status by featuring in good summaries of restricted regions in the space of physical possibilities: our “modal neighborhoods.” I argue that this view vindicates “nomic foundationalism” (that is, the view that the physical laws sustain all robust regularities), while doing justice to the practice of invoking physically contingent generalizations in higher-level explanations. Moreover, the view suggests an explanation for the particular significance of robust macro-regularities: we rely on summaries of our modal neighborhoods when reasoning hypothetically about “agentially accessible” possibilities.
Increased red blood cell distribution width in patients with plaque psoriasis
Authors: Gisondi Paolo , Geat Davide , Lippi Giuseppe , Montagnana Martina , Girolomoni Giampiero
Published: October 2020

Background: Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is frequently increased in inflammatory disorders, and the magnitude of its elevation correlates with disease severity. This study was hence aimed to explore RDW values in patients with psoriasis. Methods: The study population consisted of 366 adult patients with mild to severe plaque psoriasis and 366 age and sex-matched blood donor controls. For each psoriatic patient, demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were regularly collected. Results: RDW and MCV were significantly higher in psoriatic patients compared to controls (13.95 vs. 13.40% and 90.4 vs. 89 fL; both p < 0.01). In order to assess whether RDW elevations were related to psoriasis severity, we divided our psoriatic patient population into two groups based on a PASI cut-off of 10. No significant differences were observed between the two groups (i.e., PASI > 10 and 10) in terms of RDW (p = 0.36). Adopting different PASI cut-offs (i.e. 3, 5, 7, 12) did not result in statistically significant differences (p = 0.93, 0.48, 0.22, 0.42, respectively). In linear regression analysis, no significant correlation was found between RDW and PASI or CRP, nor with age, gender, or the psoriasis comorbidities listed in Table I. Furthermore, no significant difference in RDW values was noted between psoriatic patients with and without PsA (p = 0.27). Conclusions: The results of this study confirm that RDW is elevated in psoriatic patients, though the magnitude of its in - crease did not appear to be associated with disease severity.
Social after pandemic distortion: Towards thinking in planetary terms
Authors: Janković Stefan
Published: October 2020

Along with climate change, the COVID-19 pandemic represents a specific planetary event, with surprising effects that require a rethinking of the social. The paper starts from the thesis that the pandemic essentially undermines modernity and the institutions of sovereignty, geopolitics and political economy due to their essential separation from non-human things. In the second part of the paper four propositions for a better understanding of planetary events are offered, including removing the difference of parts/wholes, non-relational thinking, rejecting the difference between global and local, and understanding collectives as constantly made in a continuum of humans and non-humans. Finally, the importance of speculation as the basis of planetary thinking is considered. There is a need to revise scientific practice and enhance its sensitivity to recognizing heterogeneous attachments of humans and non-humans in planetary settings.
Behavioural actions of shop-floor employees towards occupational health and safety measures during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions: A case of the agriculture Industry in Zimbabwe
Authors: Christian Sauti
Published: October 2020

COVID-19 pandemic has brought massive suffering to many workers globally. It has disrupted the normalcy and socio-economic fabric in many societies and has redefined the nature of the world of work. Several restrictions and measures to mitigate the spread and implications of Coronavirus have been put in place through government and individual employer efforts. These include the compulsory use of masks, body temperature tests, avoidance of unnecessary movement and maintenance of social/physical distancing among other occupational health and safety practices. Based on the findings from two selected timber sector organisations in Zimbabwe, employees have non-congruent behavioural actions to conform and adhere to the OHS measures for COVID-19. The management believes that shop-floor employees are not scared of the pandemic; they think that the virus is an illusion. Employees resist respecting social/physical distancing due to their cultural beliefs and value; some are even stealing hand sanitisers for other uses rather than the prevention of COVID-19. The study recommends effective training, awareness campaigns and effective communication for culture change and to help workers appreciate that COVID-19 is very deadly and is a reality. Taking disciplinary action for non-compliance of shop-floor employees has created negative perceptions and led to counterproductive behaviours among workers towards efforts to manage and control the spread of COVID-19 in the workplace. Trade unions and worker committees have a role to play in enhancing communication and advancing workers interests for improvement of decent working conditions in the face of Coronavirus. The state and employers should ensure respect for fundamental rights of the precariats who are soldering on in the pandemic context.
Double effects of the pandemic (corona)
Authors: Mitrović Veselin
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we start from a clear distinction between "disaster" and "crisis". In this regard, the basic hypotheses of this paper are that the double effects of a disaster can be understood in two ways. The first, broader view of these effects refers to crises. In the second case, the double effect can be taken literally, i.e. as a result of a direct response to a pandemic. We will analyse both cases in this text from a bioethical perspective. In this sense, the medical response to the virus can lead not only to the treatment of the consequences of the disease but also to "Enhancement of the human species" in order to resist this or a similar virus.
Trust and subjective well-being in Serbia during the pandemic: Research results
Authors: Pavlović Nina , Petrović Jasmina
Published: October 2020

The context of a pandemic caused by an infectious agent and the resulting health risk to a large number of people is a new type of risk contemporary humans are not quite familiar with. In addition to forcing citizens to rely on the effects of controlled medical and epidemiological measures, this kind of situation steers citizens towards cooperation and solidarity as well as towards personal capabilities of functioning during a crisis and it requires a certain degree of trust, not only in the institutions but also in other persons. The aim of this paper is to learn to what degree Serbian citizens trust others during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether this level of generalized trust differs among different sociodemographic groups, or more precisely, which groups were affected the most by the absence of generalized trust. The paper also analyzes a set of variables which are either a part of the concept of subjective well-being (feeling of happiness and life satisfaction) or are closely connected to it (the feeling of control over life, subjective health assessment, and assessments of solidarity and honesty of others). The analyzed data were obtained from a sample of 602 adult Serbian citizens who participated in an online survey in May 2020 by completing a questionnaire they received via e-mail and social networks from multiple access points. These data are compared to the newest available data on the given indicators in Serbia before the pandemic, collected within the European Values Study (EVS) in 2017 and the European Social Survey (ESS) in 2018. The results indicate a significant decrease in happiness and continuously low levels of the feeling of control over life and life satisfaction, but also an increase in the assessed honesty and solidarity of others. These findings are in accordance with the results of the previous studies, which revealed different dominant aspects in the analyzed concepts, leading to their different flexibility and (non)resilience to the changes in society.
Philosophy of education - Uzelac Milan: Philosophy of education, Institute for Textbooks, Belgrade, 2016
Authors: Petrović Aleksandar
Published: October 2020

Milan Uzelac, the author of this study, has written a broad insight into the problem of education itself with detailed and elaborated moments that constitute its social and historical aspects. What the author reaches is the real reflection of the state in today's educational system, and almost causes disappointment, but the feeling of hopelessness creates an insight into the meaning of the notion itself, from where the idea of being educated rises to the highest plane of observation.
Pandemic crisis and its challenges to security studies
Authors: Jović Dejan
Published: October 2020

The pandemic crisis in 2020 has given the cause for the securitization of the medical problem that might - if it goes on without an adequate answer - question security in many other sectors: economic, state, social and identity ones. It might have - and it already has - consequences for the structure of the international order as well. In this article the author identifies the consequences of the pandemic crisis at all four levels of the security analysis: individual, intrastate, interstate and global levels. Then it tests the main theses of the approaches and theories within security studies (realistic, liberal, constructivist and globalist), showing the manner in which the pandemic crisis has confirmed such theses and where it denied them. The article also reviews formerly unpublished analyses of this phenomenon and comments on them in a critical manner. The author concludes that the pandemic crisis has not completely ruined the reputation of any of those theories, not even the liberal-globalist one. However, the crisis has posed all of us some serious questions that need to be answered.
COMMUNITY RESILIENCE PLANNING GUIDE FOR BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS: A Playbook
Authors:   NIST Community Resilience Program
Published: October 2020

This handbook is intended to provide a practical, action-oriented aid to help communities follow the Guide's six-step process. It can assist communities seeking insights into resilience planning issues and help identify the most effective resilience-improvement projects.