bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Early Departure among Recently Hired Child Welfare Workers
Authors: Wilke Dina J , Rakes Sarah , Randolph Karen A
Published: May 2019

Child welfare workforce turnover has been well studied, although there is limited understanding of factors related to the timing of departure. This study examines predictors of early job departure among newly hired child welfare workers. Data come from the first two waves of a longitudinal study. The sample for this analysis included 1,257 respondents. Hierarchical logistical regression was used to investigate worker characteristics and organizational influences on early departure. Early leavers, or those who left within the first six months, were 14.8 percent (n = 186) of the sample. Regression results indicated that two worker characteristics—years of previous work experience and major of college degree—predicted early departure. Two measures of organizational influences during the transition from training to casework were significant predictors of early departure: (1) caseload size the first week after training and (2) role ambiguity. These findings suggest that organizational attention to the orientation and socialization of newly hired child welfare professionals are likely to be instrumental to preventing early turnover.
7Economic Criticism
Authors: Valvo Nick
Published: May 2019

This chapter on economic criticism begins with a review of recent scholarly contributions from historians that have shaped conversations on the relationship between economics and culture. A discussion of recent standout monographs in economic criticism follows; the chapter concludes by reviewing two recent anthologies of economic critical scholarship.
Characterization of Ti Ringspot-Associated Virus, a Novel Emaravirus Associated with an Emerging Ringspot Disease of Cordyline fruticosa
Authors: Olmedo-Velarde Alejandro , Park Adam C. , Sugano Jari , Uchida Janice Y. , Kawate Michael , Borth Wayne B. , Hu John S. , Melzer Michael J.
Published: May 2019

Ti ringspot is an emerging foliar disease of the ti plant (Cordyline fruticosa) in Hawaii that is quickly spreading throughout the islands. Symptoms include small chlorotic ringspots on leaves that often coalesce to form larger lesions. Although several virus species have been discovered in symptomatic plants, none have been associated with these symptoms. Here, we report and characterize a novel virus closely associated with ti ringspot symptoms in Hawaii. The presence of double membrane bodies approximately 85 nm in diameter in symptomatic cells and sequence analyses of five genomic RNA segments obtained by high-throughput sequencing indicate that this virus is most closely related to members of the plant virus genus Emaravirus. Phylogenetic and sequence homology analyses place this virus on a distinct clade within the Emaravirus genus along with High Plains wheat mosaic emaravirus, blue palo verde broom virus, and Raspberry leaf blotch emaravirus. Sequence identity values with taxonomically relevant proteins indicate that this represents a new virus species, which we are tentatively naming ti ringspot-associated virus (TiRSaV). TiRSaV-specific reverse transcription PCR assays detected the virus in several experimental herbaceous host species following mechanical inoculation. TiRSaV was also detected in eriophyid mites collected from symptomatic ti plants, which may represent a putative arthropod vector of the virus.
Insight Into Late Wilting Disease of Cucumber Demonstrates the Complexity of the Phenomenon in Fluctuating Environments
Authors: Philosoph Amit M. , Dombrovsky Aviv , Elad Yigal , Koren Amnon , Frenkel Omer
Published: May 2019

Some diseases are caused by coinfection of several pathogens in the same plant. However, studies on the complexity of these coinfection events under different environmental conditions are scarce. Our ongoing research involves late wilting disease of cucumber caused by coinfection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) and Pythium spp. We specifically investigated the role of various temperatures (18, 25, 32°C) on the coinfection by CGMMV and two predominant Pythium species occurring in cucumber greenhouses under Middle Eastern climatic conditions. During the summer months, Pythium aphanidermatum was most common, whereas P. spinosum predominated during the winter–spring period. P. aphanidermatum preferred higher temperatures while P. spinosum preferred low temperatures and caused very low levels of disease at 32°C when the 6-day-old seedlings were infected with P. spinosum alone. Nevertheless, after applying a later coinfection with CGMMV on the 14-day-old plants, a synergistic effect was detected for both Pythium species at optimal and suboptimal temperatures, with P. spinosum causing high mortality incidence even at 32°C. The symptoms caused by CGMMV infection appeared earlier as the temperature increased. However, within each temperature, no significant influence of the combined infection was detected. Our results demonstrate the complexity of coinfection in changing environmental conditions and indicate its involvement in disease development and severity as compared with infection by each of the pathogens alone.
Occurrence of Botrytis Crown Rot Caused by Botrytis cinerea in Lettuce in Southern New Mexico
Authors: Sanogo Soum , Dura Srijana , Lujan Phillip , Barraza Jesus , Kapran Balkissa
Published: May 2019

This study provides the first account of the occurrence of Botrytis crown rot of lettuce in New Mexico. Lettuce plants affected by Botrytis crown rot displayed symptoms that included necrotic lesions on leaves, crown rot, and collapse of leaves at the crown. Severely affected plants were covered with grayish mycelium mats and spore masses. Black sclerotia were also found on several symptomatic plants. Based on morphological features and molecular analysis, the causal agent of Botrytis crown of lettuce in New Mexico was identified as B. cinerea. Although lettuce is a minor crop in New Mexico, the finding of Botrytis crown rot underlines the need of regularly monitoring lettuce fields to detect emerging pathogens so that appropriate control measures may be designed to mitigate the impact of these pathogens in production fields.
Prurigiform Angiomatosis: Reactive Angioproliferation in the Skin and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
Authors: Ortins-Pina Ana , Soares-de-Almeida Luís , Caroli Ulrich , Held Laura , Kempter Wolfgang , Rütten Arno , Mentzel Thomas , Kutzner Heinz
Published: May 2019

Background:

Cutaneous benign angioproliferations can be diagnostically challenging and may mimic vascular tumors. Keratinocytes express vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). We studied the angiogenic factor expression pattern in cutaneous lesions with a distinctive pattern of remarkable dermal angiomatosis underlying prurigo-like epidermal changes.

Methods:

Cases were selected retrospectively from 2012 to 2018, and their VEGF staining pattern was compared with normal skin and other reactive skin conditions.

Results:

Thirty-eight patients, median age 76 years, mostly men (74%), presented with asymptomatic patches or plaques, most commonly located on the buttocks (n = 17) and/or intergluteal fold (n = 12), often eliciting concern for neoplasia (n = 19). Microscopically, all cases featured a prominent proliferation of dilated capillaries and postcapillary venules, underneath epidermal changes resembling prurigo or lichen simplex chronicus. In one-third, a subepidermal lymphocytic infiltrate was present. Immunostaining with VEGF was positive in the upper 4/5 of the epidermis overlying the angioproliferation, in contrast with nonlesional skin, where VEGF positivity was limited to the stratum granulosum. Receptor VEGFR-2 was expressed in the endothelia of neovessels.

Conclusions:

We propose the term prurigiform angiomatosis for the morphological picture of prurigo/lichen simplex chronicus-like epidermal hyperplasia with prominent dermal angioproliferation. Mechanical injury and inflammation are the likely triggers of this reactive angiogenesis pattern, driven by epidermal VEGF expression.
Onodi cell mucocele causing isolated trochlear nerve palsy
Authors: Kwon Kyung Won , Oh Jin Seok , Kim Ji Won , Yoo Roh-Eul , Kang Jae-Goo
Published: May 2019

Rationale:

Acquired vertical diplopia is commonly observed in trochlear nerve palsy, often resulting from blunt head trauma or vascular problems. It is rarely caused by tumorous conditions or space occupying lesion. We report the first case of Onodi cell mucocele causing isolated trochlear nerve palsy.

Patient concerns:

A 62-year-old male noticed a double vision which worsened when looking down. On ophthalmologic examinations, the patient showed no abnormalities in visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and no swelling in optic disc. In ocular motility test, he was notable for 10° left hypertropia in primary position, 6° in right head tilt position, 14° in left head tilt position and this was aggravated in right and down gaze. Ostiomeatal complex CT depicted an expansile soft tissue density completely filling the left Onodi cell.

Diagnoses:

He was diagnosed with a trochlear nerve palsy caused by an isolated mucocele in the left Onodi cell.

Interventions:

Three days after presentation, he underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for marsupialization of the mucocele in the left Onodi cell.

Outcomes:

The mucocele was completely removed through the endoscopic endonasal approach. Within 4 months after surgery, his 4th nerve palsy had gradually and completely improved.

Lessons:

Onodi cell mucoceles that cause trochlear nerve palsy are extremely rare. Timely surgical decompression is essential to achieve optimal recovery of the neural function. Combined trochlear nerve palsy should be evaluated when Onodi cell mucocele involves the orbital apex from above.
The teaching order of using direct laryngoscopy first may improve the learning outcome of endotracheal incubation
Authors: Gu Minglu , Lian Ming , Gong Chao , Chen Lianhua , LI Shitong
Published: May 2019

Background:

Endotracheal intubation (ETI) is a life-saving procedure taught to medical students. We examined the influence of the order of teaching ETI through direct laryngoscopy (DL) and video laryngoscopy (VL) on learning by measuring the intubation time and learning curve of trainees, in order to explore ways to improve ETI performance.

Methods:

Twenty trainees were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the DL-first group, trainees used DL to perform ETI 10 times and then used VL 10 times, while the order was reversed in the VL-first group. Intubation time, number of intubation attempts, the Cormack-Lehane (CL) classification, and adverse events were recorded. The primary outcome was the cumulative summation (CUSUM). The CUSUM equation is defined as

JOURNAL/medi/04.03/00005792-201905240-00018/inline-graphic1/v/2023-09-14T035751Z/r/image-tiff

, where c

t
is the cumulative sum.

Results:

ETI was attempted on 400 patients. The difference in the mean times for the first 10 intubations between the 2 groups was not significant (P > .05). Mean intubation time for second series in the DL-first group was significantly shorter than that of the first series (P < .05), while there were no differences between the 2 series in the VL-first group (P > .05). The mean intubation time in the second series of the DL-first group was shorter than for the first series of the VL-first group (P < .05), while the mean intubation time of the first series by the DL-first group did not differ from the second series by the VL-first group (P > .05). Eighteen attempts were required to achieve an 80% intubation success rate for the DL-first group, while more than 20 attempts were required for the trainees in the VL-first group.

Conclusion:

We consider that teaching trainees DL for tracheal intubation first.

Clinical trial number:

ChiCTR-OOR-16008364.
Postoperative maxillary mucocele with orbital wall defect treated by transnasal endoscopic marsupialization with a penrose drain insertion
Authors: Kim Tae Hoon , Kim Jung Soo , Heo Sung Jae
Published: May 2019

Rationale:

A postoperative maxillary mucocele (POMM) is a delayed complication of maxillary sinus surgery. Although transoral enucleation is a conventional approach for its treatment, the intraoperative risk of injury to the inferior rectus muscle increases when there is an orbital floor defect. The transnasal endoscopic marsupialization has also been used widely for treatment. However, it has a potential risk of postoperative stenosis of the meatal antrostomy site, especially when the medial wall of the maxillary sinus is thick.

Patient concerns:

A 60-year-old man who underwent a right Caldwell–Luc operation about 30 years ago came to the emergency room with pain and swelling in the right periorbital region.

Diagnosis:

He was diagnosed with a POMM accompanied by an orbital floor defect and a thick medial wall of the maxillary sinus.

Interventions:

Transnasal endoscopic marsupialization was performed, and a cylindrical penrose drain was placed at the antrostomy site for one month.

Outcomes:

The patient's periorbital pain disappeared after surgery. After 3 months, the postoperative computed tomography scan showed good opening at the meatal antrostomy site.

Lessons:

In a patient with POMM with an orbital floor defect and a thick medial wall of the maxillary sinus, transnasal endoscopic marsupialization with penrose drain insertion could prevent both injury of the inferior rectus muscle and postoperative stenosis.
Genetic analysis of a hemophilia B family with a novel F9 gene mutation
Authors: Lv Xue , Li Tao , Li Hao , Liu Hong-yan , Wang Zhen , Guo Zhi-ping
Published: May 2019

At present, there are no effective methods for the treatment of hemophilia B, and it has high mortality and disability. Therefore, it is very important for the carriers to carry out genetic counseling and make prenatal diagnosis. In this study, we made gene and prenatal diagnoses in a family with a novel F9 gene mutation, and report a novel F9 gene mutation.

All exon sequences and flanking sequences of F9 gene were analyzed by Sanger sequencing in the proband; and then according to the F9 gene mutation in the proband, the F9 gene sequencing was performed on the family members. Based on the above results, the pathogenic mutation in F9 gene was finally identified, which was used for prenatal diagnosis.

Sanger sequencing revealed c.1232G>C [p.Ser411Thr] mutation in F9 gene in the proband. c.1232G>C heterozygous mutation was also found in the proband's mother and grandmother, but male family members without hemophilia B had no this mutation. The analyses of amniotic fluid samples indicated positive sex-determining region on Y chromosome (SRY), and no c.1232G>C [p.Ser411Thr] mutation in F9 gene.

We identified a pathogenic mutation in F9 gene in the family, made a prenatal diagnosis for the female carrier and reported a novel F9 gene mutation.
Chordoma located in the jugular foramen
Authors: Chen Qiong Qiong , Liu Ya , Chang Cheng Dong , Xu Ya Ping
Published: May 2019

Rationale:

Chordomas are rare malignant neoplasms arised from residual embryonic notochordal tissue, mostly located in the axial midline. Tumors along extra-axial locations in the head and neck are rare. Chordomas located in the jugular foramen are extremely rare, with a low incidence of 0.2%.

Patient concerns:

A 64-year-old male with 20 years of dizziness history complaining of 6 months of severe dizziness: significant with the changing of the body posture, vertigo which can be self-remissioned within 1 minute and hearing loss of both ears, without headache, nausea, dysphagia, or otalgia. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed before surgery which suggests various possibilities. Immunohistochemistry helped to confirm the final diagnosis.

Diagnoses:

Immunohistochemistry demonstrated diffuse positivity for S100 (+++), positivity for D2-40 (focal +), EMA (+), and PR (+). Ki-67 labeling index was estimated at 2% focally. The final diagnosis was chordoma.

Interventions:

The tumor was excised via retro-sigmoid approach without postoperative radiotherapy.

Outcomes:

Facial paralysis occurred in this case. House–Brackmann facial nerve grading system was used to evaluate the facial paralysis of this patient. It is considered as H-B grade IV. The patient was followed up regularly every month after operation, totally for 9 months. An MRI of the brain was performed 6 months after surgery which shows a small range of abnormal signals similar to the previous MRI in the jugular foramen, suggesting that there may be residual or recurrent tumor. And facial paralysis stays at H-B grade IV without any recovery.

Lessons:

It is a big challenge for us to remove giant tumors located in the jugular foramen because of its unique anatomy. Access should be combined with retro-sigmoid or infra-temporal fossa approach to remove such tumors. Chordomas is a malignant neoplasm which may need radiotherapy after surgery, particularly those with subtotal and partial resection.
Severe vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia as a cause of obstructive hydrocephalus
Authors: Lee Jong-Myong , Park Jung Soo , Koh Eun-Jeong
Published: May 2019

Rationale:

Dolichoectasia of the vertebrobasilar artery is a vascular anomaly characterized by marked elongating, widening, and tortuosity of the arteries. Although this anomaly is usually asymptomatic, it may present with ischemic symptoms or mass effect involving brainstem or cranial nerves.

Patient concerns:

A 52-year-old male was admitted with headache and visual field defect.

Diagnoses:

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed noncommunicating hydrocephalus due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia.

Interventions:

The patient underwent right-side ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Outcomes:

The patient's symptoms improved gradually, although visual symptoms persisted.

Lessons:

Neurosurgeons need to keep in mind vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia as a rare cause of obstructive hydrocephalus for accurate diagnosis and swift treatment.
Increased risk of Bell palsy in patient with migraine
Authors: Kim So Young , Lee Chang-Ho , Lim Jae-Sung , Kong Il Gyu , Sim Songyong , Choi Hyo Geun
Published: May 2019

Migraine is thought to be associated with Bell palsy. This study aimed to investigate the risk of Bell palsy in migraine patients.

The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort was collected from 2002 to 2013. A total of 45,164 migraine patients were matched for age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia and compared with 180,656 controls. The migraine group included participants diagnosed with migraine [International Classification of Disease (ICD)-10: G43] who underwent treatment more than once. Participants with Bell palsy were included on the basis of the ICD-10 (G510) and treatment with steroids. A history of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia was determined using ICD-10 codes. Crude (simple) and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of Bell palsy in migraine patients were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on age and sex.

Bell palsy occurred in 0.6% (262/44,902) of the migraine group and 0.5% (903/179,753) of the control group. The adjusted HR of Bell palsy was 1.16 in the migraine group compared with the control group [95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.01–1.33, P = .34]. Among age-related subgroups, participants ≥30 and <60 years old in the migraine subgroup demonstrated a 1.28-times higher risk of Bell palsy than the control group (95% CI = 1.05–1.57, P = .014).

Migraine increased the risk of Bell palsy in the total population. Among age subgroups, migraine patients ≥30 and <60 years old had an increased risk of Bell palsy.
Beverage intake and risk of Crohn disease
Authors: Yang Yanhua , Xiang Lili , He Jianhua
Published: May 2019

Epidemiological studies were controversial in the association between beverage intake and risk of Crohn disease (CD). This study aimed to investigate the role of beverage intake in the development of CD. A systematic search was conducted in public databases to identify all relevant studies, and study-specific relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Sixteen studies were identified with a total of 130,431 participants and 1933 CD cases. No significant association was detected between alcohol intake and CD risk (RR for the highest vs the lowest consumption level: 0.85, 95% CI 0.68–1.08), and coffee intake and the risk (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.46–1.46). High intake of soft drinks was associated with CD risk (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.01–1.98), and tea intake was inversely associated with CD risk (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.53–0.93). In conclusion, high intake of soft drinks might increase the risk of CD, whereas tea intake might decrease the risk.
Urinary uromodulin independently predicts end-stage renal disease and rapid kidney function decline in a cohort of chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Steubl Dominik , Block Matthias , Herbst Victor , Nockher Wolfgang Andreas , Schlumberger Wolfgang , Kemmner Stephan , Bachmann Quirin , Angermann Susanne , Wen Ming , Heemann Uwe , Renders Lutz , Garimella Pranav S. , Scherberich Jürgen
Published: May 2019

Data on risk factors predicting rapid progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or short-term kidney function decline (i.e., within 1 year) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) are rare but urgently needed to plan treatment. This study describes the association and predictive value of urinary uromodulin (uUMOD) for rapid progression of CKD.

We assessed uUMOD, demographic/treatment parameters, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and proteinuria in 230 CKD patients stage I-V. ESRD and 25% decline of eGFR was documented at the end of follow-up period and used as a composite endpoint. Association between logarithmic uUMOD and eGFR/proteinuria was calculated using linear regression analysis, adjusting for age, gender, and body mass index. We performed multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to evaluate the association of uUMOD with the composite endpoint. Therefore, patients were categorized into quartiles. The predictive value of uUMOD for the above outcomes was assessed using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Follow-up was 57.3 ± 18.7 weeks, baseline age was 60 (18;92) years, and eGFR was 38 (6;156) mL/min/1.73 m2. Forty-seven (20.4%) patients reached the composite endpoint. uUMOD concentrations were directly associated with eGFR and inversely associated with proteinuria (β = 0.554 and β = -0.429, P < .001). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, the first 2 quartiles of uUMOD concentrations had a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.589 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.002–12.992] and 5.409 (95% CI 1.444–20.269), respectively, in comparison to patients of the highest quartile (≥11.45 μg/mL) for the composite endpoint. In ROC-analysis, uUMOD predicted the composite endpoint with good sensitivity (74.6%) and specificity (76.6%) at an optimal cut-off at 3.5 μg/mL and area under the curve of 0.786 (95% CI 0.712–0.860, P < .001).

uUMOD was independently associated with ESRD/rapid loss of eGFR. It might serve as a robust predictor of rapid kidney function decline and help to better schedule arrangements for future treatment.
Hip Resurfacing for Treatment of Advanced Hip Osteoarthritis in a Patient With Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia: Five-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Kahn Barbara , Cetner Krissa , Su Edwin , Figgie Mark
Published: May 2019

Individuals with fibrous dysplasia, particularly of the proximal femur, present significant challenges to the orthopaedic care team. Higher risks for fracturing and bone resorption make joint replacement a tenuous solution. Underlying associated conditions such as increased vascularity, bone deformity, and neurological and endocrine abnormalities complicate treatment further. Because of the low prevalence, there has not been much written in the literature on joint replacement in the setting of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia. Yet, understanding the physiology of the condition and subsequent care for this population remains important for the orthopaedic nurse caring for these patients.
Comparison of the Relaxivities of Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Human Plasma at 1.5, 3, and 7 T, and Blood at 3 T
Authors: Szomolanyi Pavol , Rohrer Martin , Frenzel Thomas , Noebauer-Huhmann Iris M. , Jost Gregor , Endrikat Jan , Trattnig Siegfried , Pietsch Hubertus
Published: May 2019

Purpose

The relaxivities of 3 macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) were determined in human plasma and blood under standardized and clinically relevant laboratory conditions.

Methods

The T1 relaxivity, r1, was determined in human plasma at 1.5, 3, and 7 T, and in human blood at 3 T at 37°C in phantoms containing 4 different concentrations of the macrocyclic GBCAs gadobutrol, gadoteridol, and gadoterate. An inversion recovery turbo spin echo sequence was used to generate images with several inversion times. The T1-times were obtained by fitting the signal intensities to the signal equation. r1 was obtained by a 1/y-weighted regression of the T1-rates over the concentration of the GBCAs.

Results

For gadobutrol, the obtained r1 [L/(mmol·s)] in human plasma at 1.5 T, 3 T, and 7 T, and in human blood at 3 T was 4.78 ± 0.12, 4.97 ± 0.59, 3.83 ± 0.24, and 3.47 ± 0.16. For gadoteridol, r1 was 3.80 ± 0.10, 3.28 ± 0.09, 3.21 ± 0.07, and 2.61 ± 0.16, and for gadoterate, 3.32 ± 0.13, 3.00 ± 0.13, 2.84 ± 0.09, and 2.72 ± 0.17.

Conclusions

The relaxivity of gadobutrol is significantly higher than that of gadoteridol and gadoterate at all magnetic field strengths and in plasma as well as in blood, whereas that of gadoteridol was higher than gadoterate only in plasma at 1.5 and 7 T. This is in accordance with results from 3 previous studies obtained in different media.
Runella aurantiaca sp. nov., isolated from sludge of a manganese mine
Authors: Yang Xun , Zhou Zijie , Liao Shuijiao , Wang Gejiao
Published: May 2019

A Gram-stain-negative, filamentous rod-shaped, aerobic and non-motile strain, YX9T, was isolated from sludge of a manganese mine. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain YX9T formed the same branch within the members of the genus

Runella

and showed high relatedness to

Runella slithyformis

DSM 19594T (98.1 %),

Runella palustris

HMF3829T (96.0 %) and

Runella zeae

NS12T (95.4 %). The genome length of strain YX9T was 7.21 Mb, had 5985 coding sequences and a DNA G+C content of 44.8 mol%. The average nucleotide identity value of the draft genomes between strain YX9T and

R

.

slithyformis

DSM 19594T was 80.7 %. The major fatty acids of strain YX9T were iso-C15 : 0, C16:1
ω5c and summed feature 3 (C16:1
ω7c and/or C16:1
ω6c). The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7. The polar lipids of strain YX9T were phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified lipids, two aminolipids, a phospholipid and a glycolipid. Based on the results of genotypic and phenotypic studies, strain YX9T represents a novel species within the genus

Runella

, for which the name

Runella
aurantiaca sp. nov. is proposed (=KCTC 62875T=CCTCC AB 2018214T).
Quality characteristics of tea of Tenebrio molitor larvae according to manufacturing methods
Authors: Woo Jinho , Lee Hyeonjeong , Choi Jiyoung , Moon Kwangdeog
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to expand the possibility Tenebrio molitor larvae as a food material. Different types of tea were produced using microwaved Tenebrio molitor L., and the quality characteristics were analyzed. Leached tea (T1) was prepared by leaching the crushed microwaved larvae. Liquid tea (T2) was prepared by first extracting the crushed larvae with distilled water and then diluting it. To prepare the solid tea (T3), dextrin was added to the extract, which was then spray-dried and dissolved in distilled water. Amino acid contents, pH, soluble solids, transmittance, color, and sensory properties were examined to evaluate the quality characteristics of the three types of tea. It was revealed that the total amino acid was abundant in T1 (277.76 mg/g), and the proline content was the highest in all the teas. The pH of T3 was 6.58, which was significantly the lowest among T1, T2, and T3. T3 had the highest content of soluble solids (5.33 °Brix) and highest transmittance (37.33%). The analysis of color values revealed that the L* (lightness) value of T1 was the highest (50.92), while the a* (redness) values of T1, T2, and T3 were similar (-0.42, -0.18, and 0.64, respectively). The b* (yellowness) value of T3 was the highest (6.47). The sensory evaluations revealed that T1 was significantly superior in color, flavor, umami taste, and overall acceptability. Turbidity, sweetness, and saltiness of the three teas were not significantly different. Overall, the quality characteristics of A are the best.
Physicochemical and biological properties of Gochujang in the presence of fermented apple products
Authors: Jo Seung-Wha , Kim Eun-Ji , Yim Eun-Jung , Kim Jin-Kyeong , Jeong Do-Youn
Published: May 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical and biological properties of Gochujang in the presence of fermented apple products. To accomplish this, apple was fermented using Lactobacillus sakei SRCM101059, and the products was used with Gochujang. No big differences in general chemical compositions was observed between three kinds of Gochujang tested in study, not added apple Gochujang (NAG), Gochujang with apple liquid (LAG), Gochujang with fermented apple (FAG). However, analysis of free sugar revealed that fructose and glucose had an especially high proportion in FAG. FAG had high contents of free amino acids such as phosphoserine, threonine, phenylalanine, and proline. FAG showed the antioxidant activity such as 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (40.16%) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity (43.12%). The activity was higher than those of others. FAG treatment significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine levels tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Thus, FAG treatment was considered to be more effective in suppressing cell injury by inflammatory cytokine through the inhibition of LPS-induced NO and TNF-α. We confirmed that FAG had improved antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects. Overall, the result of this study indicates that there is a potential to develop functional foods by the addition of fermented apple.
Analysis of monosaccharide composition of fucoidan from Sargassum horneri using UPLC-DAD-TOF/MS combined with precolumn derivatization by 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone
Authors: Hong Joon Ho , Lee Mi Jin , Moon Sang Ji , Kim Dong Sub , Nho Eun Yeong , Choi Ji Yeon , Kim Kyong Su
Published: May 2019

The simple, effective, and sensitive method for analyzing monosaccharide composition of fucoidan using UPLC-DAD-TOF/MS combined with precolumn derivatization by 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) reagent. This method is used to identify and quantify the monosaccharide composition in fucoidan from Sargassum horneri. The UPLC method with PMP precolumn derivatization is reported (simple, rapid, convenient and reproducible) and it also proved to be suitable for the UPLC analysis of fucoidan. Also, this method can be used for determination of monosaccharide contents in other seaweed polysaccharides by changing the pH value of the mobile phase. In order to ensure reliability, this analytical method was validated by analyzing the linearities, precisions, and recovery rates of mixed standard solutions of mannose and other monosaccharides. Fucoidan derived from S. horneri is composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, xylose, glucuronic acid, rhamnose and fucose, with the fucose content found to exceed 50% of the fucoidan composition. The results of this study help to structurally analyze the fucoidan from S. horneri. It is expected that the analytical method established in this study will be useful for the standardization and development of functional raw materials from S. horneri.
New High Throughput Approaches to Detect Partial-body and Neutron Exposures on an Individual Basis
Authors: Shuryak Igor , Turner Helen C. , Perrier Jay R. , Cunha Lydia , Canadell Monica Pujol , Durrani Mohammad H. , Harken Andrew , Bertucci Antonella , Taveras Maria , Garty Guy , Brenner David J.
Published: May 2019

Biodosimetry-based discrimination between homogeneous total-body photon exposure and complex irradiation scenarios (partial-body shielding and/or neutron + photon mixtures) can improve treatment decisions after mass-casualty radiation-related incidents. Our study objective was to use high-throughput biomarkers to: a) detect partial-body and/or neutron exposure on an individual basis, and b) estimate separately the photon and neutron doses in a mixed exposure. We developed a novel approach, where metrics related to the shapes of micronuclei distributions per binucleated cell in ex-vivo irradiated human lymphocytes (variance/mean, kurtosis, skewness, etc.) served as predictors in machine learning or parametric analyses of the following scenarios: (A) Homogeneous gamma-irradiation, mimicking total-body exposures, vs. mixtures of irradiated blood with unirradiated blood, mimicking partial-body exposures. (B) X rays vs. various neutron + photon mixtures. Classification of samples as homogeneously vs. heterogeneously irradiated (scenario A) achieved a receiver operating characteristic curve area (AUROC) of 0.931 (uncertainty range of 0.903-0.951), and R2 for actual vs. reconstructed mean dose was 0.87. Detection of samples with ≥10% neutron contribution (scenario B) achieved AUROC of 0.916 (0.893-0.943), and R2 for reconstructing photon-equivalent dose was 0.77. These encouraging findings demonstrate a proof-of-principle for the proposed approach of analyzing micronuclei/cell distributions to detect clinically-relevant complex radiation exposure scenarios.
Glycoproteome Analysis of Human Serum and Brain Tissue
Authors: Brown Christopher J. , Grassmyer Kathleen T. , MacDonald Matthew L. , Clemmer David E. , Trinidad Jonathan C.
Published: May 2019

Protein glycosylation represents one of the most common and heterogeneous post-translational modifications (PTMs) in human biology. Herein, an approach for the enrichment of glycopeptides using multi-lectin weak affinity chromatography (M-LWAC), followed by fractionation of the enriched material, and multi-mode fragmentation LC/MS is described. Two fragmentation methods, high-energy collision induced dissociation (HCD) and electron transfer dissociation (EThcD), were independently analyzed. While each fragmentation method provided similar glycopeptide coverage, there was some dependence on the glycoform identity. From these data a total of 7,503 unique glycopeptides belonging to 666 glycoproteins from the combined tissue types, human serum and brain, were identified. Of these, 617 glycopeptides (192 proteins) were found in both tissues; 2,006 glycopeptides (48 proteins) were unique to serum, and 4,880 glycopeptides (426 proteins) were unique to brain tissue. From 379 unique glycoforms, 1,420 unique sites of glycosylation were identified, with an average of four glycans per site. Glycan occurrences were significantly different between tissue types: serum showed greater glycan diversity whereas brain tissue showed a greater abundance of the high mannose family. Glycosylation co-occurrence rates were determined, which enabled us to infer differences in underlying biosynthetic pathways.
Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II: a nexus of gene regulation
Authors: Core Leighton , Adelman Karen
Published: May 2019

Precise spatio–temporal control of gene activity is essential for organismal development, growth, and survival in a changing environment. Decisive steps in gene regulation involve the pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in early elongation, and the controlled release of paused polymerase into productive RNA synthesis. Here we describe the factors that enable pausing and the events that trigger Pol II release into the gene. We also discuss open questions in the field concerning the stability of paused Pol II, nucleosomes as obstacles to elongation, and potential roles of pausing in defining the precision and dynamics of gene expression.
Heading for new shores
Authors: Weder Franzisca , Einwiller Sabine , Eberwein Tobias
Published: May 2019

Purpose

This editorial is an introduction to the special issue on CSR communication related to the 4th CSR Communication Conference, held in Vienna (Austria) in September 2017. The purpose of this paper is to critically reflect on the state-of-the-art in academic research on CSR communication concepts, strategies and future scenarios.

Design/methodology/approach

The editorial critically evaluates existing academic research dealing with CSR communication in the digital age. More precisely, it analyses established theories and concepts of CSR communication in terms of their fit to meet future challenges.

Findings

It can be noted that CSR communication practice is heading for new shores. Economic pressure, legal and political requirements, reputation risks in a digital media ecology and a new civic-minded and well-being-oriented generation of employees require a reorientation of CSR communication from information to impact orientation. Thus, the authors complement the approach of communication about CSR with the concept of communicative responsibility as a normative framework for corporate communication in the future.

Originality/value

The analyzed literature as well as the papers of the CSR Communication Conference indicate that the authors are heading toward a future of impact- instead of information-oriented communication. Here, communicative responsibility comes in as a fourth dimension of corporate responsibility, offering a normative framework for strategic, impact-oriented sustainability communication, integrated reporting and internal CSR.
M&A deals completion and abandonment by Russian MNE
Authors: Ermolaeva Lyubov
Published: May 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to reveal how the host and the home countries’ formal institutions may affect mergers and acquisitions (M&A) abandonment by Russian multinational enterprises (MNEs), and how MNE industry can influence the results. The second objective of the study is to have a separate look at the negative experience, and to uncover its influence on M&A deal completion.

Design/methodology/approach

In the study, a sample of 446 international M&A deals initiated by Russian MNEs in the period of 2000–2014 is empirically tested by means of logistic regression analysis.

Findings

The empirical analysis indicates that better business environment in the host country is crucially important whereas development of business freedom at home may make the international M&A less attractive and increases the likelihood of M&A deal abandonment. Thus, the larger the institutional distance by this indicator the more likelihood the deal is completed. Contrary results are implied for property rights: the larger the distance between Russia and host country, the lower likelihood of M&A deal completion. Failure experience decreases the likelihood of acquisition completion whereas international experience increases.

Research limitations/implications

The study has number of limitations: individual-level variables were not included in the model; and a limited number of factors were tested due to availability of data and moderate sample size.

Practical implications

The study indicates that better development of business freedom and moderate property rights protection in the host country are the most favorable factors for an M&A deal completion. Russian policymakers should realize that development of property rights protection in Russia ensures success of MNEs abroad, and development of business freedom reduces the outflow of capital from the economy.

Originality/value

The paper makes several theoretical and practical contributions: it contributes to institutional international business literature, indicating in which particular cases institutional distance has positive or negative effect on M&A completion. It also contributes to organizational learning literature, confirming that failures inhibit learning, and firms tend to repeat previous mistakes. Finally, the paper widens the scarce research on Russian MNEs, and on the role of the home country institutions for MNE’s behavior abroad.
Creating and retaining customers: perspective from Pakistani small and medium retail stores
Authors: Irfan Wardah , Siddiqui Danish Ahmed , Ahmed Waqar
Published: May 2019

Purpose

Nowadays customers want to enjoy their shopping experience with convenience and maximum value for their money. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of in-store logistics in crafting store image and perceived value to customers, thus creating satisfied and loyal customers.

Design/methodology/approach

A research framework was developed based on the review of relevant past research in the area of retail store service quality, perceived value, store image, customer loyalty and satisfaction. Valid data were gathered through a survey from 200 respondents who have shopping experience of small- and medium-sized retail store. Data are analysed through partial least square structural equation modelling (PLSSEM) using Smart PLS 3.2.4.

Findings

The findings of this study suggest that in-store logistics play a major role in developing customers’ satisfaction followed by store image and perceived value. Further, satisfied customers are expected to return to the same retail store, thus showing loyalty.

Practical implications

This research provides insight into retail decisions makers regarding the factors which enhance customer satisfaction and retention. This study also helps marketers and operations managers to develop strategies for retail stores based on the findings of this research.

Originality/value

From a retailer’s perspective the paper explains the factors empirically that impact shoppers in the retail store environment.
Fraud abroad
Authors: Hoskins Jake David , Leick Ryan
Published: May 2019

Purpose

This study aims to investigate a sharing economy context, where vacation rental units that are owned and operated by individuals throughout the world are rented out through a common website: vrbo.com. It is posited that gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, a common indicator of the level of economic development of a nation, will impact the likelihood that prospective travelers will choose to book accommodations in the sharing economy channel (vs traditional hotels). The role of online customer reviews in this process is investigated as well, building upon a significant body of extant research which shows their level of customer decision influence.

Design/methodology/approach

An empirical analysis is conducted using data from the website Vacation Rentals By Owner on 1,940 rental listings across 97 countries.

Findings

GDP per capita serves as risk deterrent to prospective travelers, making the sharing economy an acceptable alternative to traditional hotels for the average traveler. It is also found that the total number of online customer reviews (OCR volume) is a signal of popularity to prospective travelers, while the average star rating of those online customer reviews (OCR valence) is instead a signal of accommodation quality.

Originality/value

This study adds to a growing agenda of research investigating the effect of online customer reviews on consumer decisions, with a particularly focus on the burgeoning sharing economy. The findings help to explain when the sharing economy may serve as a stronger disruptive threat to incumbent offerings. It also provides the following key insights for managers: sharing economy rental units in developed nations are more successful in driving booking activity, managers should look to promote volume of online customer reviews and positive online customer reviews are particularly influential for sharing economy rental booking rates in less developed nations.
How to design innovative information services at the library?
Authors: Wójcik Magdalena
Published: May 2019

Purpose

The subject of the paper is innovative information services. The purpose of this paper is to identify the potential sources of innovation in library information services and point out how they can be used to improve the overall service quality.

Design/methodology/approach

In the first stage, literature analysis and critique was used to establish the state of research in the field of innovative solutions and select the main sources of innovation in services. Next, a systematic search of the subject literature and network resources was carried out according to the selected criteria to find the examples of innovative commercial services, particularly in the information sector.

Findings

Libraries, like all customer-oriented service organizations, must innovate and continually evolve to better meet the needs of their audience. It seems that in libraries, the basis of innovation and building a competitive advantage over other institutions may primarily be the thoughtful design of services in the spirit of the assumptions of the experience economy. Innovative ideas based on in-depth knowledge of user needs are less dependent on financial conditions and more on the creativity and enthusiasm of library staff.

Research limitations/implications

This paper is a conceptual work presenting the issue of innovation from the perspective adopted by the author. The paper does not aim to fulfill the subject but to show some interesting aspects of this issue and help initiate discussions on innovation in libraries from the perspective of phenomena present on the commercial information services market. This approach, which has not yet been adapted in library science, may show some new aspects and lead to new conclusions. This is a literature review type of paper that is not based on empirical research and it has not yet been tested in practice; however, the author believes that it can provide a valuable framework for designing and implementing innovative services in libraries. The presented process is a preliminary proposal that can and should be modified in the future based on further scientific reflection and examples of implementations in libraries.

Practical implications

The results can be widely used in practice as a framework for designing innovative services in libraries. The paper, based on subject literature, proposes a process of designing innovative information services that can and should be tested in practice.

Social implications

The paper can help initiate the debate on the need to implement innovative solutions in library services.

Originality/value

The issue of innovation in library services has not yet been widely discussed in library and information science journals from the perspective proposed by the author. This paper presents a specific approach to library innovation based on the observation of the certain phenomena on the commercial market, which opens the door to new reflections.