bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
О сочинении дорампа Игнен-Чоймпела «Почитание величественного Хан-Бархана: „Драгоценность-чинтамани, быстро исполняющая желания“»
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Bukhogolova Sayana B. , Dashieva Subad B. , Debenova Zinaida A. , Tushinov Bair L. , Tsyrenova Nomin D.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The article deals with the xylograph  Tegüs čoγtu qan gbar-mkan-u takilγ-a küsel türgen qangγaγči čindamani erdeni kemegdekü orusiba (Worship of the majestic Khan-Barkhan: „Chintamani-treasure, quickly fulfilling desires“)  by dorampa Ignen-Choimpel; the treatise is part of the collection kept in the Center of Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs of Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (Ulan-Ude). It aims to analyze the source along the  following lines: i) to identify the author of the manuscript, ii) to transliterate the text and check the accuracy of its reading with a focus on its specific lexical features, iii) to identify the time and place of its compilation and publication, iv) to research similar works related to the cult of Mount Khan-Barkhan, and v) to examine the structure of the text and give a short description of its content. Methods and materials. The methodology of source studies, as well as the textological analysis used by the present researchers helped establish dorampa Ignen-Choimpel’s exceptional knowledge of Buddhist philosophy and of the Mongolian language. Comparative-historical, typological, and descriptive methods were instrumental in examining the transformation of the mountain worship ritual in the process of its historical development. Granted the role of mountains as an essential element in the worldview of many cultures, as well as the significance of the text for practices of Buryats of Barguzin region today, the present research is of much relevance. The article may be used as a source for studies of the factors influencing the current revival of the mountain cult and the present religious practices of the population in the region. Results. The text under study contains new data concerning the veneration of ezhins — host-spirits of local features such as mountains, the Barkhan mountain of Kurumkan region in Buryatia, in particular. Also, this is a piece of important historical evidence shedding light on the cultural and religious processes that took place among the Buryats in the 19th century. Conclusions. The research indicated the presence of syncretic elements in the text of the treatise, including borrowings of some shamanic traditional rituals associated with the mountain worship, as well as the presence of specific lexical elements such as archaic words and expressions. Importantly, Buddhist borrowings of shamanic deities and rituals familiar to the local Buryat people contributed to the promotion of Buddhism among the local population.
Между фактом и фантазией: ранние источники по ойратской исторической диалектологии
Authors:   Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (9 Tuchkov Str., 199053 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation), Rykin Pavel O.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of a linguistic analysis of three early sources on Oirat historical dialectology, Rashīd al-Dīn’s Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh (Compendium of Chronicles, completed between 1306 and 1311) and the Mongol chronicles Sir-a tuγuǰi (Yellow History, between 1651 and 1662) and Erdeni tunumal neretü sudur (The Jewel Translucent Sūtra, c. 1607). The author concludes that these sources substantially differ in terms of their linguistic value and reliability. The early historical accounts of Oirat lexical differences, provided by Rashīd al-Dīn and the unknown author of the Sir-a tuγuǰi, are most likely to have been obtained from unreliable external sources and based on hearsay evidence, orally transmitted by non-Oirats, at best, only passingly familiar with the Oirat language and its actual features. Both authors probably heard something about distinctive lexical features of the Oirat dialects of their time, but they hardly had a clear idea of what these features were and how to explain them in an adequate manner. On the contrary, the ‘Oirat fragment’ contained in the Erdeni tunumal neretü sudur seems to be much closer to fact than to fantasy. It presents a deliberate and quite reliable attempt to introduce some features of the Oirat dialects spoken at the turn of the seventeenth century. In the absence of earlier internal evidence of the linguistic differences between the Mongolic languages, this may be the oldest known representation of dialectal data in the Mongolian literary tradition. The evidence is of special importance because it includes morphophonological (an innovative colloquial shape of the clitics ni ~ n̠i < *inu and la ~ =la < *ele) and morphosyntactic (the progressive/durative in ‑nA(y)i), rather than lexical, features, which seem to have been considered Oirat by the early seventeenth-century author(s) of the chronicle. These features look more genuinely Oirat, at least for the early 17th century, although their modern distribution is certainly rather wide and non-specific. It may be assumed that the information on Oirat dialects that the Erdeni tunumal neretü sudur contains may have been obtained from an Oirat, or, at least, from an individual well-versed in the language of the time. Thus, one cannot overestimate the importance of the chronicle as a highly valuable source on historical dialectology of Mongolic languages.
Этикетные формулы как этнолингвистические компоненты оригинальных и переводных калмыцких деловых текстов XVIII в. (на материале писем хана Аюки и их русских переводов 1714–1715 гг.)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Yarmarkina Galina M.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Kalmyk official texts of the 18th century and their parallel translations into Russian are, in the author’s opinion, ethnolinguistic sources, rich in culturally marked linguistic means. So far, initial formulas in Kalmyk official letters of the period and their Russian translations have not been studied in a comparative mode. The article aims to analyze etiquette formulas of Khan Ayuka’s letters as ethnolinguistic components, comparing them with their Russian translations. Materials and methods. The sources for the research were Kalmyk Khan’s letters of 1714–1715, kept in the Russian State Archives of Ancient Acts and in the National Archives of the Republic of Kalmykia. To identify translation strategies, both simultaneous and diachronic Russian translations of the material are used. The research involves descriptive, comparative-contrastive methods, as well as the method of contextual analysis. Conclusions. Comparative analysis of the original and translated texts indicated some differences in the traditions of greeting in the cultures in question, which are reflected in official writing. The translated texts are characterized by greater variability of linguistic means influencing the modality of etiquette statements: e. g. the addressee’s and addresser’s names may be added or deleted, ethnolinguistically marked language may be introduced, when components associated with the traditions of Buddhism were excluded or replaced with those associated with the Christian worldview. Depending on the addressee, his status, and the nature of official relationship of correspondents, the character of the etiquette formulas and greetings changes, too: the higher is the addressee’s status, the more complex is the syntactic aspect of etiquette formulas and the greater is the portion of lexical items of an elevated, loftier style used in translations. Of relevance is also the sequence of etiquette formulas in official correspondence, changes in the sequence marking the status of the addressee as well.
Сюжетные звенья калмыцкого «Сказания о Гесере-богдо» в записи от Ш. Д. Дорджиева (1893–1984): содержательный состав
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Khabunova Evdokia E. , Tsetsenbat Tsetsenbat
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The article aims to analyze the plot lines of the Kalmyk ‘Gesr bogdyn tusk tuuҗ’ (The Legend of Geser Bogdo), performed by Sh. D. Dordzhiev and written down in 1982. So far, the legend has not been examined. The present authors begin with analyzing the way the storyteller composes his narrative in terms of structure and content, while identifying parallels with other epic narratives of Geser. Materials and methods. The study focuses on The Legend of Geser Bogdo recorded from Sh. Dordzhiev, and special attention is paid to S. Neklyudov’s methodological generalizations on the scheme of typical elements within Mongolian epic narratives. Results. The analysis shows that the plot structure of the Legend of Geser Bogdo in question includes a set of motifs that are standard for Geser epic narratives and are logically consistent (heavenly origin, difficult childhood, marriage, demonic fight, etc.). At the same time, individual details of the narrative were modified to a degree. Two storylines (matrimonial and military) are clearly indicated by the narrative, which reflects the memory of Kalmyks of the special character of Geser, the warrior and the defeater of demons. The authors conclude that the Kalmyk Legend of Geser Bogdo was based on the well-known invariants of plot lines and motifs in the oral versions of Geser epic, creatively modified when performed by the narrator.
Россия — Монголия: век дружбы и сотрудничества (к 100-летнему юбилею установления дипломатических отношений)
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies of the RAS (12, Rozhdestvenka St., 107031 Moscow, Russian Federation), Orlova Keemya V.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. In 2021, Russia and Mongolia are celebrating the 100th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations. In fact, this year is remarkable for a number of anniversaries: the 100th anniversary of the formation of the Mongolian People’s Party, the first political party in Mongolia; the 100th anniversary of the national democratic revolution; the 100th anniversary of the organization of the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Army; the 100th anniversary of the Scientific Committee, which served as the prototype of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences; the 60th anniversary of the UN membership of Mongolian People’s Republic; and the 40th anniversary of the joint space flight of the Russian-Mongolian space crew. These anniversaries are closely related to a significant event in the history of the two countries — the Agreement between the Government of the RSFSR and the People’s Government of Mongolia on the establishment of friendly relations signed on 5 November 1921, which laid the legal basis for bilateral relations. It is certainly beyond the scope of this article to cover every significant and remarkable event and date in Soviet / Russian-Mongolian relations, but it intends to highlight the most important events in Russian-Mongolian relations in the 20th and early 21st centuries. The article aims to focus on the principal stages and most important dates and events, as well as to underline the role and relevance of the documents of key importance in the history of these relations. Materials. The study is based on archival records, published materials, and scientific literature. Conclusions. Over the past century, the relations between the countries, whose histories are full of dramatic events (revolutionary upheavals, World War II, the collapse of the Soviet Union), have seen both high and low points: friendship and special relations of allies, which changed to a certain degree of distancing from each other; then, rejection of the previous ideologized attitudes and renewal of traditional cooperation, leading to a current comprehensive strategic partnership. However, there has always been an understanding that there is a special closeness of the countries for historical, geopolitical, and cultural factors in play. A hundred years is a sufficiently long period to conclude that the key principles of Russian-Mongolian relations established by the 1921 Agreement have stood the test of time. Presently, there is a new stage to these relations based on both parties’ interests in promoting their comprehensive strategic partnership.
Царицынская сторожевая линия и военно-политические изменения на юго-восточных границах России в 1720-х гг.
Authors:   Volgograd Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA (8, Gagarin St., 400131 Volgograd, Russian Federation), Kleitman Alexander L. ,   Volgograd Oblast Research and Production Center for Historical and Cultural Preservation (19, Kommunisticheskaya St., 400131 Volgograd, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The Tsaritsyn defense line has attracted the attention of historians since the 18th century, but so far, no special study of the history of the Tsaritsyn line in the 1720s has been undertaken. The period is of interest for its policy of strengthening the military-political influence of Russia in the Caspian region, with the Persian campaign undertaken and control over the movements of the Kalmyks increasing. The article aims to show the role of the Tsaritsyn defense line in these events. Materials and methods. The study intends to systematize and reconsider the information about the Tsaritsyn line presented in the historiography of the Persian campaign, in the history of the Kalmyks, and in the history of the regiments of the Russian imperial army, supplementing them with data of legislative acts and office documentation. Results. Tsaritsyn and the Tsaritsyn line were staging points on the path of the formation and movement of the Nizovoi (Lower), or Persian, Corps; practically all military units involved in the Persian campaign passed through the Tsaritsyn line, which was used for rear functions by the Corps as long as it existed. Tsaritsyn, the fortresses on the line, and the villages of the Don Cossacks closest to the line served as winter quarters for the Corps cavalry: here the dragoon regiments were re-equipped, and individual units were sent on missions along the southern borders of Russia. The Tsaritsyn line introduced serious changes in the life of the nomadic population of the Lower Volga region; passages through the line acquiring great military and political importance. Groups of Kalmyks who passed ‘inside’ turned out to be cut off from the Kuban and Crimeans and from other groups of Kalmyks. There was a symbolic meaning to the crossing of the Tsaritsyn line for Kalmyks who feared that their uluses would be taken away from them or they would be converted to Orthodoxy against their will. The study clarifies the data on the number of troops that served on the Tsaritsyn line in the 1720s. Constant was the presence of at least 500 Cossacks, sent on their mission by the Don army, as well as of several dragoon regiments. In the 1720s, units of the Kronshlots, Olonets, Vologda, Tobolsk, Moscow, Arkhangelsk, Dmitrov, and Saratov dragoon regiments served on the Tsaritsyn line from several months to several years. Conclusions. From the very first years of its construction, the Tsaritsyn line not only protected the southern borders of the Russian Empire, but also became an instrument of the imperial diplomatic and military-political influence on neighboring peoples and states.
Комсомольская организация Калмыкии и ее антирелигиозная деятельность (1921–1941 гг.)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Okonov Baatr A.
Published: January 2022

The article aims to examine episodes of anti-religious activity of the Komsomol organization of Kalmykia in 1921–1941. The research is based on archival and published materials. The analysis of archival documents shows that despite the anti-religious policy actively pursued by Soviet authorities, the local party and Komsomol organizations failed to establish a system of effective anti-religious propaganda in Kalmykia. Notably, in their anti-religious activity, the Komsomol members had to deal with the multi-confessional population in Kalmykia. Granted the lack of guidelines for organizing the campaign against Buddhism, they often had to rely on practices used in the anti-religious work against Christianity: e.g., to follow the successful example of ‘Komsomol’ Christmas, the Tsagan Sar and other Kalmyk holidays were also introduced as ‘Komsomol’ events. Also, it was recommended that in their anti-religious work, the Komsomol activists were to take advantage of the split of the Buddhist clergy. After repressions against the clergy of all confessions that took place in the late 1930s, the anti-religious activity of the Komsomol organization in Kalmykia was reduced to formal work.
Возвращенная из небытия: борьба за историческую память о 110-й Калмыцкой кавалерийской дивизии. Часть 1
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Ochirov Utash B.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The article analyzes historiography and history of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division, the only ethnic Kalmyk (largely) military unit that was engaged in active combat operations during the Great Patriotic War. However, despite its huge contribution to the heroic struggle against invading troops the unit — worthy of decent memory and respect — got surrounded with defamatory myths that bear no relation to actual events. Since most of the Division’s documents submitted to archives had disappeared, it took several decades to objectively examine its history. Materials and methods. The historical genetic method being a principal one for the present research, the latter also employs historical systemic and comparative methods. The sources analyzed are books and articles, official documents and correspondence from various archival repositories, personal messages and memoirs by veterans of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division and researchers of its history. Results. The article is a consistent review of the unit’s historiography that may be divided into five stages to be designated as follows: 1) period of silence and lies (1943–1957), 2) period of ‘sporadic’ studies (1957–1967), 3) period of active scientific work (1967–1977), 4) period of indifference (1977–2011), and 5) period of new scholarly interest (2011 to the present). The Kalmyk Cavalry Division has long been an object of defamatory insinuations and calumny when it was accused of ‘unreliability’, denounced as a ‘gang’ or even as German collaborators — these had clearly political implications. Meanwhile, the historical research was seriously complicated by the loss of most of its documents although after the disbandment those were duly handed over according to inventory lists along with the banners. This severely obstructed the process of preserving historical memory of the only ethnic Kalmyk unit that fought against the enemy during the Great Patriotic War. Hence, the difficulties that scholars in the field have had to overcome were immense. Part One of the article covers stages one to three. Conclusions. Historiography of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division may be described as a difficult and winding path, with periods of both oblivion and activation experienced.
Безвозвратные потери военнослужащих Красной армии, призванных из Калмыцкой АССР, в период Великой Отечественной войны по данным 1 и 2-го томов Книги «Память. Санл»: статистический анализ по времени, месту рождения и призыва
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Vorobyova Valentina N.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The article deals with statistical analysis of the data borrowed from volumes 1 and 2 of the edition titled ‘Memory. Sanl’. The volumes publish annotated lists of 22.9 thousand Red Army servicemen in the category of fatal casualties (KIAs, DOWs and MIAs) from the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, and most of the latter had been conscripted in the Kalmyk ASSR. Goals. The article compiles a database of Red Army conscripts from the Kalmyk ASSR further categorized as ‘fatal casualties’ (from the abovementioned edition) and attempts a statistical analysis by year of birth, place (district) of birth, date and place (military commissariat) of conscription. Materials and methods. The main research source is the annotated list of Red Army’s casualties published in volumes 1 and 2 of ‘Memory. Sanl’. The author employs a wide range of scientific methods, both general scientific and historical ones. The need for statistical analysis results in the wide use of statistical and extrapolation methods. Results. The work shows that both the volumes contain quite a number of repetitions; there are also errors, inaccuracies, discrepancies. There is also simultaneous use of outdated and modern names of geographical objects. Therefore, the present compiled and corrected database contains a significant portion of statistical data categorized in terms of a variety parameters, and further use of the latter will contribute to the research of a collective portrait of Red Army servicemen conscripted in the Kalmyk ASSR during the Great Patriotic War.
Здравоохранение Калмыкии после возвращения калмыков на родину в 1957 г.
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Baduginova Margarita V.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. This article examines the health care sector in Kalmykia after the return of the Kalmyk people from the places of deportation in 1957. The chronological framework covers several periods: the state of health care in the abolished Kalmyk ASSR after the illegal deportation of the Kalmyks; the first years since the restoration of the Kalmyk Autonomous Region in 1957 and the return of the rehabilitated people. The article aims to study the state of health care in Kalmykia after the deportation of the Kalmyk people and after their return in 1957. The article also examines the state of the health sector in the region in the post-deportation period, including staffing and material problems, and the state and development of the sector upon the return of the Kalmyks. Materials and methods. The problem-chronological principle became the basis of this article. In accordance with it, the transformations in the sector under study were examined during the historical periods in question. A quantitative (statistical) method was also used, which made it possible to trace the dynamics of changes in the health care network and personnel. The sources were archival documents of the State Archives of the Russian Federation and the National Archives of the Republic of Kalmykia. Results. The article shows the state and changes in the health care sector of Kalmykia in the time periods under study. The regional health care institutions managed to organize their work in a difficult historical period, after the people’s return from exile. Conclusions. Despite heavy losses and difficulties, health workers in the Republic managed to resume their work, begin the restoration of medical institutions, the health care system after the deportation. Thanks to the dedication of medical workers, the republic’s health care system was restored after its complete destruction.
Динамика хозяйственного освоения Посурья в I тысячелетии н.э. Часть 1: данные стратиграфического анализа пойменных и балочных отложений
Authors:   Institute of the Problems of Northern Development, Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch of the RAS (86, Malygin St., 625026 Tyumen, Russian Federation), Vyazov Leonid A. , Ponomarenko Elena V. , Ershova Ekaterina G. , Salova Yulia A. , Myasnikov Nikolay S.  ,   University of Ottawa (60, University, K1N 6N5 3 Ottawa ON, Canada),   Lomonosov Moscow State University (1, Kolmogorov St., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation),   Chuvash State Institute for the Humanities (29/1, Moskovsky Ave., 428015 Cheboksary, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2022

The article summarizes the results of a comprehensive landscape-archaeological study of the dynamics of human-environmental interaction in the Middle Sura region during the first millennium AD. The data resulted from the study of the River Sura floodplain at the former confluence of the Sura and the Malaya Sarka. The analysis of the sediments and buried soils indicates that the period between the first millennium BC and the first millennium AD saw a series of climatic cycles changing each other, with the floodplain periodically being available for various types of economic development. The Early Iron Age (first millennium BC – 2nd–3rd centuries AD) saw the formation of grey forest soils in the part of the floodplain under study. During this period, the area remained uninhabited, while the population was involved in the development of the elevated terraces and riverbanks. In contrast, in the second quarter of the first millennium AD the floodplain covered at the time by broadleaf forest had the most favorable conditions for settlement; the area was developed by the population that belonged to the Middle Volga variant of the Kiev culture. Their economic activity resulted in the gradual deforestation of the floodplain, with meadow landscapes arising instead of the forest. The second half of the 5th century saw drastic intensification of the floods and an increased runoff. The sites assigned to this period represent the developed stage of the Imen´kovo culture; these were located on the elevated terraces. The new stage of low flooding dates to the medieval period (8th–13th centuries), the soils bearing traces of steppe formation and subsequent development of the floodplain. Later, in the late Middle Age and the early Modern period, tillage shifted to watersheds and intensified, while the accumulation of layered alluvial deposits on the floodplain started again, with frequent and intense floods taking place. The study of the dynamics of the moistening of the Sura floodplain is asynchronous with the data of other studied regions of the Russian Plain, which raises the question of a relationship between the availability of floodplains for economic development and migration processes.
Economic Loss, Amount of Beef Discarded, Natural Resources Wastage, and Environmental Impact Due to Beef Discoloration
Authors: Ramanathan Ranjith , Lambert Lixia H. , Nair Mahesh N. , Morgan Brad , Feuz Ryan , Mafi Gretchen , Pfeiffer Morgan
Published: January 2022

Any deviation from a bright-red color leads to a discounted price or beef is discarded. Limited data are currently available on the economic losses due to retail beef discoloration. Therefore, the objective of the study was to estimate economic losses, the amount of beef discarded, natural resource wastage, and environmental impact due to beef discoloration. One-year data of total beef sales, total beef discarded, and discounted sale values were collected from 2 national retail chains and 1 regional retail chain located in the Southern United States, representing data from 5,034 stores and 44 states. The US beef system life cycle parameters from published literature were used to calculate the impact of discarded meat on water and energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. The study noted that approximately 2.55% of beef is discarded because of discoloration. The results indicate that the US beef industry loses $3.73 billion annually owing to discoloration. The total amount of beef discarded per year in the US corresponds to 194.70 million kg, which represents wasting 780,000 animals and the associated natural resources used in their production. A 1% decrease in discolored beef in the US could reduce natural resource waste and environmental impact by 23.95 billion L of water, 96.88 billion MJ of energy consumed, and 0.40 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emission along the beef upstream value chain. Therefore, improving the color stability of meat could increase the sustainability of beef production and limit the waste of nutritious beef, so the application of novel technologies to mitigate color deterioration should be imperative.
The Struggle for Leadership of the Qatari-Turkish Alliance in Somalia
Authors: Khayrullin T. R.
Published: January 2022

The article examines the struggle of the Qatari- Turkish alliance for regional leadership in the Federal Republic of Somalia. The analysis revealed that the foreign policy activity of Turkey and Qatar in Somalia began during the events of the Arab Spring. Ankara and Doha used diplomatic, military and fi nancial instruments to strengthen their infl uence in the country. Moreover, Qatari money played an important role in promoting pro-qatari candidates to power during the 2012 and 2017 presidential elections. However, the eff orts of the Turkish- Qatari alliance to strengthen its position in Somalia have clashed with the interests of the Saudi- Emirati bloc seeking regional dominance. On the other hand, the inability to close the main cooperation with the central government in Somalia forced the UAE to support such autonomous regions as Somaliland, thereby intensifying the destabilization processes in the country.
Pengaruh social media marketing activities terhadap ekuitas merek di cyrano café bogor
Authors: Wiastuti Rachel , Sunggiardi Dwi Devani
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh social media marketing activities terhadap ekuitas merek di Cyrano Cafe Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner 5 poin skala Likert dan pertanyaan tertutup. Sample dari penelitian berjumlah 100 konsumen Cyrano Café, dihitung dengan rumus slovin dan dikumpulkan dengan sampling secara acak. Data dianalisis dengan desktiptif statistik, uji korelasi, regresi liniear sederhana, dan uji hipotesis yang menggunakan program statistik SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa social media marketing activities berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekuitas merek sebesar 30,7% dimana keduanya memiliki hubungan yang positif dan cukup kuat.
Kearifan lokal dalam novel suara samudra karya maria matildis banda dan relevansinya sebagai media promosi pariwisata di lamalera - ntt
Authors: Pramesti Dinar Sukma , Kusumaningrum Ni Ketut Veri
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perlunya sebuah promosi untuk mendukung perkembangan suatu destinasi wisata. Salah satu media yang menarik dan belum banyak diminati banyak orang dalam mempromosikan pariwisata ialah media sastra (novel). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai kearifan lokal yang terdapat dalam novel Suara Samudra serta mengetahui relevansinya sebagai media promosi pariwisata Lamalera – NTT. Teori yang digunakan untuk menunjang penelitian ini adalah teori antropologi sastra dan teori promosi pariwisata. Novel Suara Samudra karya Maria Matildis Banda ini diteliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini diawali dengan mengkaji muatan nilai kearifan lokal dalam novel, kemudian diperkuat dengan melakukan wawancara terstruktur kepada pembaca novel dengan tujuan untuk menggali lebih dalam tentang nilai kearifan lokal Lamalera. Selanjutnya mengadakan focus group discussion (FGD) dengan menghadirkan praktisi pariwisata, budaya, dan sastra serta akademisi untuk mengulas lebih dalam relevansi novel Suara Samudra sebagai media promosi pariwisata Lamalera-NTT.  Pada penelitian ini ditemukan sejumlah kearifan lokal dalam novel Suara Samudra yaitu ritual adat, gotong royong, sikap berbagi, tanda-tanda alam, larangan atau pantangan, keterampilan lokal, makanan khas Lamalera. Beberapa kearifan lokal yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dan dimanfaatkan sebagai objek wisata budaya Lamalera. Potensi yang dapat dikembangkan di Lamalera berupa karya tradisional, kuliner khas lamalera, barter, ritual adat penangkapan ikan paus. Karya tradisional berupa paledang, tale leo, kella, bletu, buri, karya-karya tradisional ini menarik dan berpotensi untuk ditampilkan dalam event pariwisata Lamalera. Proses pembuatan jagung titi dan barter sebagai bagian dari rutinitas para wanita Lamalera berpotensi dapat meningkatkan daya tarik wisata Lamalera.
Perencanaan desa wisata penglipuran melalui penginderaan jauh
Authors: Trisna Semara I Made , Suwintari I Gusti Ayu Eka , Sunarta I Nyoman
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melestarikan lingkungan dalam pembangunan Desa yang berkelanjutan dengan pemberdayaan masyarakat lokal sebagai ujung tombaknya sehingga terjadi keseimbangan/ keharmonisan dalam hidup sesuai dengan kearifan lokal yang dimilikinya. Dengan konsep wisata budaya kerakyatan maka akan tercipta pariwisata yang berkelanjutan sehingga dapat dinikmati oleh generasi yang akan datang, tanpa merusak ekosistem kehidupan yang ada di Desa Wisata Penglipuran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam satu tahun, dengan mengidentifikasi potensi Desa Wisata Penglipuran melalui pengindraan jarak jauh berbasis Peta Digital. Teknik Pengumpulan Data menggunakan interpretasi citra quickbird, observasi dan studi dokumen, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan SIG. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Potensi Desa Wisata Penglipuran berdasarkan pengindraan jarak jauh, sebagian besar merupakan potensi wisata budaya yang tersebar pada zona pawongan berdasarkan konsep Tri Hita Karana, dan berada pada zona madya berdasarkan konsep Tri Mandala. Pengembangan akomodasi wisata diperuntukkan berupa Homestay. Pengembangan area parkir dengan memanfaatkan parkir yang berada pada area selatan desa. Aksesibilitas di Desa Wisata Penglipuran lebih memanfaatkan rurung gede dan jalur pedestrian untuk pejalan kaki. Selain itu luaran dari penelitian ini adalah Publikasi Ilmiah Nasional Terakreditasi.
A Case Series of Very Slow Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia Resembling Junctional Tachycardia
Authors: Higuchi Koji , Higuchi Satoshi , Baranowski Bryan , Wazni Oussama , Scheinman Melvin M. , Tchou Patrick
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The surface EKG of typical atrioventricular nodal
reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) shows simultaneous ventricular-atrial (RP)
activation with pseudo R’ in V1 and typical heart rates ranging from
150-220/min. Slower rates are suspicious for junctional tachycardia
(JT). However, occasionally we encounter typical AVNRT with slow
ventricular rates. We describe a series of typical AVNRT cases with
heart rates under 110/min. Methods: A total of 1972 patients
with AVNRT who underwent slow pathway ablation were analyzed. Typical
AVNRT was diagnosed when; 1) evidence of dual atrioventricular nodal
conduction, 2) tachycardia initiation by atrial drive train with A-H-A
response, 3) septal ventriculoatrial (VA) time < 70 ms, and 4)
ventricular-atrial-ventricular (V-A-V) response to ventricular overdrive
(VOD) pacing with post pacing interval-tachycardia cycle length
(PPI-TCL) > 115ms. JT was excluded by either termination or
advancement of tachycardia by atrial extrastimuli (AES) or atrial
overdrive (AOD) pacing. Results: We found 11 patients (Age
20-78 years old, 6 female) who met the above-mentioned criteria. The TCL
ranged from 560ms to 782ms. Except for one patient showing tachycardia
termination, all patients demonstrated a V-A-V response and PPI-TCL over
115ms with VOD. AES or AOD pacing successfully excluded JT by either
advancing the tachycardia in 10 patients or by tachycardia termination
in one patient. Slow pathway was successfully ablated, and tachycardia
was not inducible in all patients. Conclusions: This case
series describes patients with typical AVNRT with slow ventricular rate
(less than 110/min) who may mimic JT. We emphasize the importance of
using pacing maneuvers to exclude JT.
Immunogenicity of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac boosters in fully vaccinated individuals with CoronaVac against SARS-CoV-2: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Can Füsun , Kuloğlu Zeynep Ece , El Rojbin , Esken Gülen , Tok Yeşim , Talay Zeynep , Barlas Tayfun , Kuskucu Mert Ahmet , Albayrak Özgür , Doğan Özlem , Yavuz Serap Şimşek , Midilli Kenan , Ergönül Önder
Published: January 2022

Objective: There is a need for the immunogenicity of different boosters
after widely used inactivated vaccine regimens. We aimed to determine
the effects of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac boosters on the humoral and
cellular immunity of individuals who had two doses of CoronaVac
vaccination. Methods: The study was conducted in three centers (Koc
University Hospital, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Hospital, and
Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School Hospital) in Istanbul.
Individuals who had two doses of CoronaVac and no history of COVID-19
were included. The baseline blood samples were collected three to five
months after two doses of CoronaVac. Follow-up samples were taken one
and three months after third doses of CoronaVac or one dose of mRNA
BNT162b2 boosters. Neutralizing antibody titers were detected by plaque
reduction assay. T cell responses were evaluated by Elispot assay and
flow cytometry. Results: We found a 3.38-fold increase in neutralizing
antibody titers (Geometric Mean Titer [GMT], 78.69) one month after
BNT162b2 booster and maintained at the three months (GMT, 80). However,
in the CoronaVac group, significantly lower GMTs than BNT162b2 after 1
month and 3 months (21.44 and 28.44, respectively) indicated the weak
immunogenicity of the CoronaVac booster (p<0.001). In the
ELISpot assay, IL-2 levels after BNT162b2 were higher than baseline and
CoronaVac booster (p<0.001) and IFN-γ levels were
significantly higher than baseline (P<0.001). The
CD8+CD38+CD69+ and CD4+CD38+CD69+ T cells were stimulated significantly
at the 3 month of the BNT162b2 boosters.
Conclusion: The neutralizing antibody levels after three months of the
BNT162b2 booster were higher than the antibody levels after CoronaVac.
On the other hand, specific T cells might contribute to immune
protection. By considering the waning immunity, we suggest a new booster
dose with BNT162b2 for the countries that already have two doses of
primary CoronaVac regimens.
Left ventricle geometry, atrial strain, ventricle strain and hemodynamics across aortic valve before and after transcatheter aortic valve replacements
Authors: Roslan Aslannif , TEY YEE SIN , A Faten Aris , Ashari Afif , A Abdul Shaparudin , W Wan Faizal Rahimi Shah , Beng Koh Hui , Jhung Lee Tjen , Aktifanus Ahmad Tantawi Jauhari , Kolanthaivelu Jayakhanthan , Ganesan Kumara Gurupparan , Yahaya Shaiful Azmi
Published: January 2022

Background: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacements (TAVR) has become
widespread throughout the world. To date there are no echocardiographic
study of TAVR patients from Southeast Asia (SEA). We sought to evaluate
1) changes in echocardiographic and strain values pre and post TAVR 2)
relationship between aortic stenosis (AS) severity and strain values, 3)
left ventricle geometry in severe AS 4) relationship of flow rate to
dimensionless index (DVI) and acceleration time (AT) and 5) effect of
strains on outcome. Methods: Retrospective study of 112 TAVR patients in
our center from 2009 to 2020. The echocardiographic and strain images
pre (within 1 months), post (day after) and 6 months post TAVR were
analyzed by expert echocardiographer. Results: The ejection fraction
(EF) increased at 6 months (53.02 ± 12.12% to 56.35 ± 9.00%)
(p=0.044). Interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSd)
decreased (1.27 ± 0.21cm to 1.21 ± 0.23cm) (p=0.038) and left ventricle
internal dimension in diastole (LVIDd) decreased from 4.77 ± 0.64cm to
4.49 ± 0.65cm (p = 0.001). No changes in stroke volume index (SVI pre vs
6 months p =0.187), but the flow rate increases (217.80 ± 57.61mls/s to
251.94 ± 69.59mls/s, p<0.001). Global Longitudinal Strain
(GLS) improved from -11.44 ± 4.23% to -13.94 ± 3.72% (p
<0.001), Left Atrial Reservoir strain (Lar-S) increased from
17.44 ± 9.16% to 19.60 ± 8.77% (p=0.033). 8 patients (7.5%) had IVSd
< 1.0cm, and 4 patients (3.7%) had normal left ventricle (LV)
geometry. There was linear relationship between IVSd and mean PG
(r=0.208, p=0.031), between GLS to aortic valve area (AVA) and aortic
valve area index (AVAi) (r = – 0.305, p=0.001 and r= – 0.316, p =
0.001). There was also relationship between AT (r=-0.20, p=0.04) and DVI
(r=0.35, p< 0.001) with flow rate. Patients who died late
(after 6 months) had lower GLS at 6 months. (Alive; -13.94 ± 3.72% vs
Died; -12.43 ± 4.19%, p= 0.001) Conclusion: At 6 months TAVR cause
reverse remodeling of the LV with reduction in IVSd, LVIDd and
improvement in GLS and LAr-S. There is linear relationship between GLS
and AVA and between IVSd and AVA.
Breast Mass with Bloody Discharge: A Case of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis
Authors: AlSulaim Lamees
Published: January 2022

One of the rare identity of breast diseases is Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM), a chronic inflammatory breast condition that can mimic advanced breast cancer. The case came with nipple discharge and mass with skin changes, which was definitively diagnosed following core-cut biopsy of the mastitis group idiopathic granulomatous.
The implications for advanced maternal age on pregnancy complications and adverse neonatal outcomes
Authors: Gedik Özköse Zeynep , Oğlak Süleyman Cemil
Published: January 2022

Objective This study aimed to determine the effect of advanced maternal age (AMA) on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women aged ≥35 years compared with patients aged 30–34 years. Also, we aimed to analyze the risk estimates of potential confounders to identify whether these variables contributed to the development of adverse pregnancy outcomes or not. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 2284 pregnant women aged ≥35 years at the time of delivery who was delivered in a tertiary referral hospital from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020. We further classified these women into two subgroups: 35–39 years as early AMA (EAMA), and ≥40 years as very AMA (VAMA). Pregnancy complications and adverse neonatal outcomes were recorded. Results Compared to younger women, pregnant AMA women had significantly higher risks of complicated pregnancies, including a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM, p<0.001), polyhydramnios (p<0.001), cesarean section (p<0.001), stillbirths (p<0.001), major fetal abnormality (p<0.001), preterm delivery (p<0.001), lower birth weight (p<0.001), lower 5-minute Apgar scores (p<0.001), lower umbilical artery blood pH values (p<0.001), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (p<0.001), and length of NICU stay (p<0.001). Conclusion We found a strong and significant association between VAMA and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including an increased risk of GDM, polyhydramnios, cesarean section, and adverse neonatal outcomes, including a higher risk of stillbirths, preterm delivery, lower birth weight, lower 5-minute Apgar scores, and NICU admission.
Conditions that increase the risk of cesarean-related blood transfusions: a single-center cohort study
Authors: Işıkalan Mehmet Murat , Özkaya Eren Berkay , Özkaya Buşra , Şengül Nurullah , Ferlibaş Enes , Acar Ali
Published: January 2022

Objective This study aimed to define the conditions that increase the possibility of receiving a blood transfusion in patients who had a cesarean section. Methods This study was conducted between January 2016 – May 2020 in a university hospital located in Konya, Turkey. Pregnant women undergoing cesarean section were included. Of 4303 eligible patients, 188 women were the transfused group and 4115 women were the non-transfused group. Logistic regression analysis was performed for potential confounding factors. Results A total of 4303 eligible patients were evaluated in this study. There were 4115 patients (95.6%) in the non-transfused group. The transfused group consisted of 188 patients (4.4%). The probability of transfusion was higher in pregnant women with placenta previa, placenta accreta spectrum, thrombocytopenia, preoperative anemia, macrosomia above 4500 g, and multiple gestations [adjusted OR values (95% CI); 10.58 (range 4.75–23.57), 7.75 (range 3.22–18.61), 7.85 (range 3.46–17.79), 5.71 (range 4.21–7.74), 4.22 (range 1.21-14.67) and 2.10 (range 1.18-3.72), respectively]. There was no increase in the possibility of transfusion in 4000–4500 gram macrosomia, uterine fibroids, preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, previous cesarean sections and gestational diabetes mellitus. Conclusion Placenta previa, placenta accreta spectrum, thrombocytopenia, preoperative anemia, macrosomia above 4500 g and multiple gestations increase the possibility of transfusion. Perioperative blood preparation is vital in such patients. Prevention of anemia during pregnancy is critical in reducing transfusions.
Prenatal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies diagnosed with fetal single umbilical artery
Authors: Obut Mehmet , Kalaycı Öncü Asya , Yücel Çelik Özge , Akay Arife , Özcan Güliz , Aynaoğlu Yıldız Gülşah , İskender Can Tekin , Çağlar Ali Turhan
Published: January 2022

Objective To investigate the associated anomalies and outcomes of fetuses diagnosed as having a single umbilical artery (SUA) which were reported inconsistently in previous studies. Methods The data of 82 pregnancies with fetal SUA, 35 of which were complex, and 47 isolated SUA (iSUA) and 100 pregnancies with fetal double umbilical arteries (DUA) between June 2018 and July 2020 were retrieved. We compared the maternal characteristics, and pregnancy and fetal outcomes of the three groups (iSUA, SUA, and DUA). Results Of 82 fetuses with SUA, 35 had 64 major structural abnormalities. 20 of these 35 fetuses (57.1%) had cardiovascular malformations, 12 (34.2%) had central nervous, 10 (28.5%) had genitourinary, and eight (22.8%) had gastrointestinal system malformations. Isolated SUA was present in SUA. Compared with the 100 DUA fetuses, SUA was a risk for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm delivery, Apgar scores of <7, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Having fetal chromosomal or structural abnormalities, was a risk for amnion fluid abnormality, pregnancy termination, intrauterine fetal death, early neonatal death, and a low live birth ratio in SUA cases. Conclusion SUA has an increased rate of fetal structural and chromosomal abnormalities. Among them, the most detected one is cardiac and the second most common one is central nervous system malformations. Pregnancies with fetal SUA have increased risk for IUGR, preterm delivery, low Apgar scores, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. The presence of additional structural or chromosomal malformations increases the rate of these adverse pregnancy risks. Thus, these cases warrant dedicated fetal ultrasonographic organ screening and close prenatal follow-up.
The relationship between umbilical cord measurements and newborn outcomes
Authors: Soysal Cenk , Şişman Halil İbrahim , Bıyık İsmail , Erten Özlem , Deliloğlu Burak , Geçkalan Soysal Damla , Keskin Nadi
Published: January 2022

Objective This study investigated the relationship between umbilical vein diameter and cord length and fetal outcome in low-risk pregnancies (fetuses appropriate for gestational age [AGA]). Methods A prospective cohort study of 39 singleton pregnant women aged 19–44 years at between 38+0 and 41+6 weeks of gestation was conducted. Case demographics, umbilical vein diameter measured by prenatal ultrasound, postnatal birth weight, gender, 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores, blood gas analysis, and umbilical cord length were recorded. Fetuses with a fetal weight in the 10–90th percentile according to week of gestation were accepted as AGA. Results The mean age of the pregnant women was 27.5±5.3 years. 33% (13/39) of the pregnant women were nulliparous. There was no statistically significant correlation between umbilical vein diameter and other variables in correlation analysis (p>0.050). Umbilical cord length and umbilical vein lactate level were found to have a statistically negative and significant correlation (r=-0.418; p=0.015); however, no other pregnancy outcomes were found to have a significant correlation. There was no statistically significant difference between the median values of umbilical vein diameter and cord length by gender (p=0.076 and 0.181, respectively). Conclusion In conclusion, this study found no relationship between umbilical vein diameter and cord length and fetal weight and pregnancy outcome in low-risk 38.0–41.6-week pregnancies (AGA fetuses). However, the obtained results still need to be confirmed by larger series.