bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of the C5a-C5a receptor axis in the inflammatory responses of the lungs after experimental polytrauma and hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Chakraborty Shinjini , Winkelmann Veronika Eva , Braumüller Sonja , Palmer Annette , Schultze Anke , Klohs Bettina , Ignatius Anita , Vater Axel , Fauler Michael , Frick Manfred , Huber-Lang Markus
Published: January 2021

Singular blockade of C5a in experimental models of sepsis is known to confer protection by rescuing lethality and decreasing pro-inflammatory responses. However, the role of inhibiting C5a has not been evaluated in the context of sterile systemic inflammatory responses, like polytrauma and hemorrhagic shock (PT + HS). In our presented study, a novel and highly specific C5a L-aptamer, NoxD21, was used to block C5a activity in an experimental murine model of PT + HS. The aim of the study was to assess early modulation of inflammatory responses and lung damage 4 h after PT + HS induction. NoxD21-treated PT + HS mice displayed greater polymorphonuclear cell recruitment in the lung, increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) and reduced myeloperoxidase levels within the lung tissue. An in vitro model of the alveolar-capillary barrier was established to confirm these in vivo observations. Treatment with a polytrauma cocktail induced barrier damage only after 16 h, and NoxD21 treatment in vitro did not rescue this effect. Furthermore, to test the exact role of both the cognate receptors of C5a (C5aR1 and C5aR2), experimental PT + HS was induced in C5aR1 knockout (C5aR1 KO) and C5aR2 KO mice. Following 4 h of PT + HS, C5aR2 KO mice had significantly reduced IL-6 and IL-17 levels in the BALF without significant lung damage, and both, C5aR1 KO and C5aR2 KO PT + HS animals displayed reduced MPO levels within the lungs. In conclusion, the C5aR2 could be a putative driver of early local inflammatory responses in the lung after PT + HS.
Quantifying the hydroxyapatite orientation near the ossification front in a piglet femoral condyle using X-ray diffraction tensor tomography
Authors: Mürer Fredrik K. , Chattopadhyay Basab , Madathiparambil Aldritt Scaria , Tekseth Kim Robert , Di Michiel Marco , Liebi Marianne , Lilledahl Magnus B. , Olstad Kristin , Breiby Dag W.
Published: January 2021

While a detailed knowledge of the hierarchical structure and morphology of the extracellular matrix is considered crucial for understanding the physiological and mechanical properties of bone and cartilage, the orientation of collagen fibres and carbonated hydroxyapatite (HA) crystallites remains a debated topic. Conventional microscopy techniques for orientational imaging require destructive sample sectioning, which both precludes further studies of the intact sample and potentially changes the microstructure. In this work, we use X-ray diffraction tensor tomography to image non-destructively in 3D the HA orientation in a medial femoral condyle of a piglet. By exploiting the anisotropic HA diffraction signal, 3D maps showing systematic local variations of the HA crystallite orientation in the growing subchondral bone and in the adjacent mineralized growth cartilage are obtained. Orientation maps of HA crystallites over a large field of view (~ 3 × 3 × 3 mm3) close to the ossification (bone-growth) front are compared with high-resolution X-ray propagation phase-contrast computed tomography images. The HA crystallites are found to predominantly orient with their crystallite c-axis directed towards the ossification front. Distinct patterns of HA preferred orientation are found in the vicinity of cartilage canals protruding from the subchondral bone. The demonstrated ability of retrieving 3D orientation maps of bone-cartilage structures is expected to give a better understanding of the physiological properties of bones, including their propensity for bone-cartilage diseases.
Configurational diffusion transport of water and oil in dual continuum shales
Authors: Siddiqui Mohammed Abdul Qadeer , Salvemini Filomena , Ramandi Hamed Lamei , Fitzgerald Paul , Roshan Hamid
Published: January 2021

Understanding fluid flow in shale rocks is critical for the recovery of unconventional energy resources. Despite the extensive research conducted on water and oil flow in shales, significant uncertainties and discrepancies remain in reported experimental data. The most noted being that while oil spreads more than water on shale surfaces in an inviscid medium, its uptake by shale pores is much less than water during capillary flow. This leads to misjudgement of wettability and the underlying physical phenomena. In this study, therefore, we performed a combined experimental and digital rock investigation on an organic-rich shale including contact angle and spontaneous imbibition, X-ray and neutron computed tomography, and small angle X-ray scattering tests to study the potential physical processes. We also used non-equilibrium thermodynamics to theoretically derive constitutive equations to support our experimental observations. The results of this study indicate that the pre-existing fractures (first continuum) imbibe more oil than water consistent with contact angle measurements. The overall imbibition is, however, higher for water than oil due to greater water diffusion into the shale matrix (second continuum). It is shown that more water uptake into shale is controlled by pore size and accessibility in addition to capillary or osmotic forces i.e. configurational diffusion of water versus oil molecules. While the inorganic pores seem more oil-wet in an inviscid medium, they easily allow passage of water molecules compared to oil due to the incredibly small size of water molecules that can pass through such micro-pores. Contrarily, these strongly oil-wet pores possessing strong capillarity are restricted to imbibe oil simply due to its large molecular size and physical inaccessibility to the micro-pores. These results provide new insights into the previously unexplained discrepancy regarding water and oil uptake capacity of shales.
Cysteine: an overlooked energy and carbon source
Authors: Göbbels Luise , Poehlein Anja , Dumnitch Albert , Egelkamp Richard , Kröger Cathrin , Haerdter Johanna , Hackl Thomas , Feld Artur , Weller Horst , Daniel Rolf , Streit Wolfgang R. , Schoelmerich Marie Charlotte
Published: January 2021

Biohybrids composed of microorganisms and nanoparticles have emerged as potential systems for bioenergy and high-value compound production from CO2 and light energy, yet the cellular and metabolic processes within the biological component of this system are still elusive. Here we dissect the biohybrid composed of the anaerobic acetogenic bacterium Moorella thermoacetica and cadmium sulphide nanoparticles (CdS) in terms of physiology, metabolism, enzymatics and transcriptomic profiling. Our analyses show that while the organism does not grow on l-cysteine, it is metabolized to acetate in the biohybrid system and this metabolism is independent of CdS or light. CdS cells have higher metabolic activity, despite an inhibitory effect of Cd2+ on key enzymes, because of an intracellular storage compound linked to arginine metabolism. We identify different routes how cysteine and its oxidized form can be innately metabolized by the model acetogen and what intracellular mechanisms are triggered by cysteine, cadmium or blue light.
Examination of permittivity for depolarization field of ferroelectric by ab initio calculation, suggesting hidden mechanisms
Authors: Watanabe Yukio
Published: January 2021

Electrostatics of depolarization field Ed in relation to the polarization is studied. In particular, the value of permittivity for Ed (εd) in prototypical situations of ferroelectrics, including Mehta formula, is examined by ab initio calculations. By using spontaneous polarization PS corresponding to accurate experiment ones, we show εd = 1, which suggests that the results of εd ≫ 1 indicate hidden mechanisms; εd = 1 suggests that the effect of Ed is significant to induce intriguing important phenomena overlooked by εd ≫ 1. A bridge between εd = 1 and εd ≫ 1, i.e. the consistency of εd = 1 with conventional results is presented. The exact electrostatic equality of head-to-head–tail-to-tail domains to free-standing ferroelectrics is deduced. Hence, most stoichiometric clean freestanding monodomain ferroelectrics and head-to-head–tail-to-tail domains are shown unstable regardless of size, unless partially metallic. This verifies the previous results in a transparent manner. This conclusion is shown consistent with a recent hyperferroelectric LiBeSb and “freestanding” monolayer ferroelectrics, of which origin is suggested to be adsorbates. In addition, this restriction is suggested to break in externally strained ultrathin ferroelectrics. The macroscopic formulas of Ed are found valid down to a several unit-cells, when electronic and atomic-scale surface effects are unimportant and accurate PS is used.
Engineering lithoheterotrophy in an obligate chemolithoautotrophic Fe(II) oxidizing bacterium
Authors: Jain Abhiney , Gralnick Jeffrey A.
Published: January 2021

Neutrophilic Fe(II) oxidizing bacteria like Mariprofundus ferrooxydans are obligate chemolithoautotrophic bacteria that play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron and other elements in multiple environments. These bacteria generally exhibit a singular metabolic mode of growth which prohibits comparative “omics” studies. Furthermore, these bacteria are considered non-amenable to classical genetic methods due to low cell densities, the inability to form colonies on solid medium, and production of copious amounts of insoluble iron oxyhydroxides as their metabolic byproduct. Consequently, the molecular and biochemical understanding of these bacteria remains speculative despite the availability of substantial genomic information. Here we develop the first genetic system in neutrophilic Fe(II) oxidizing bacterium and use it to engineer lithoheterotrophy in M. ferrooxydans, a metabolism that has been speculated but not experimentally validated. This synthetic biology approach could be extended to gain physiological understanding and domesticate other bacteria that grow using a single metabolic mode.
Micropatterning biomineralization with immobilized mother of pearl proteins
Authors: White Kristopher A. , Cali Vincent J. , Olabisi Ronke M.
Published: January 2021

In response to the drawbacks of autograft donor-site morbidity and bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (BMP2) carcinogenesis and ectopic bone formation, there has been an increased research focus towards developing alternatives capable of achieving spatial control over bone formation. Here we show for the first time both osteogenic differentiation and mineralization (from solution or mediated by cells) occurring within predetermined microscopic patterns. Our results revealed that both PEGylated BMP2 and nacre proteins induced stem cell osteodifferentiation in microscopic patterns when these proteins were covalently bonded in patterns onto polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel substrates; however, only nacre proteins induced mineralization localized to the micropatterns. These findings have broad implications on the design and development of orthopedic biomaterials and drug delivery.
Intracellular alpha-fetoprotein interferes with all-trans retinoic acid induced ATG7 expression and autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Feng Rilu , Shi Ying , Chen Dexi , Weng Honglei , Ding Huiguo , Zhang Chenguang
Published: January 2021

Retinoic acid and retinoid acid receptor (RA-RAR) signaling exhibits suppressive functions in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through multiple mechanisms. However, whether RA-RAR signaling induces autophagy that contributes its anti-tumor activity in HCC remains elusive. In the current study, the effects of RA-RAR pathway on autophagy were investigated in two HCC cell lines: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) positive PLC/PRF/5 and AFP negative HLE cells. Cell autophagy was analyzed with western blot for detection of LC3 conversion and p62/SQSTM1 degradation while autophagy flux was assayed using the mRFP-GFP-LC3 reporter. Cell apoptosis and viability were analyzed by caspase-3 activity, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8, respectively. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was employed to detect the binding of RAR onto the promoter of autophagy-relevant 7 (ATG7), and co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP) was used to analyze the interaction of AFP and RAR. The results showed that ATRA dosage and time-dependently induced high levels of cell autophagy in both the PLC/PRF/5 and HLE cells, which was accompanied with up-regulation of ATG7. ChIP assay showed that RAR was able to bind to its responsive elements on ATG7 promoter. Impairment of ATG7 induction or blockade of autophagy with chloroquine aggravated ATRA induced apoptosis of HCC cells. Furthermore, intracellular AFP was able to complex with RAR in PLC/PRF/5 cells. Knockdown of AFP in PLC/PRF/5 cells augmented the up-regulation of ATG7 by ATRA while overexpression of AFP in HLE cells attenuated ATRA induced ATG7 expression and autophagy. Thus, ATRA induced ATG7 and autophagy participated in its cytotoxicity on HCC cells and AFP interfere with the induction of ATG7 and autophagy through forming complex with RAR.
Publisher Correction: Molecular dynamics of the histamine H3 membrane receptor reveals different mechanisms of GPCR signal transduction
Authors: Herrera-Zúñiga Leonardo David , Moreno‑Vargas Liliana Marisol , Ballaud Luck , Correa‑Basurto José , Prada‑Gracia Diego , Pastré David , Curmi Patrick A. , Arrang Jean Michel , Maroun Rachid C.
Published: January 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: The influence of different sample preparation on mechanical properties of human iliotibial tract
Authors: Fischer Benjamin , Kurz Sascha , Höch Andreas , Schleifenbaum Stefan
Published: January 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: New insights into cheddar cheese microbiota-metabolome relationships revealed by integrative analysis of multi-omics data
Authors: Afshari Roya , Pillidge Christopher J. , Read Elizabeth , Rochfort Simone , Dias Daniel A. , Osborn A. Mark , Gill Harsharn
Published: January 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Brew temperature, at fixed brew strength and extraction, has little impact on the sensory profile of drip brew coffee
Authors: Batali Mackenzie E. , Ristenpart William D. , Guinard Jean‑Xavier
Published: January 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Dimeric capsules self-assembled through halogen and chalcogen bonding
Authors: Zhu Yu-Jie , Gao Ya , Tang Min-Min , Rebek Julius , Yu Yang
Published: January 2021

Supramolecular capsules are nanoscale containers useful for the study of molecular behavior in confined spaces.
Soluble imidazolium-functionalized coordination cages for efficient homogeneous catalysis of CO2 cycloaddition reactions
Authors: Tong Hui-Ying , Liang Jun , Wu Qiu-Jin , Zou Yu-Huang , Huang Yuan-Biao , Cao Rong
Published: January 2021

The soluble metal–organic cage ImBDC-Co can be employed as a homogeneous catalyst for the CO2 cycloaddition reaction, and shows higher catalytic activity than its heterogeneous counterparts. Moreover, the soluble cage can realize recovery and reuse without activity loss.
Temperature and solvent-dependent photoluminescence quenching in [Ru(bpy)2(bpy-cc-AQ)]2+
Authors: Larsen Christopher B.
Published: January 2021

Competition between entropic and enthalpic factors in an excited-state thermal equilibrium dictates temperature- and solvent-dependent photoluminescence quenching in [Ru(bpy)2(bpy-cc-AQ)]2+.
Collision-induced dissociation of xylose and its applications in linkage and anomericity identification
Authors: Nguan Hock-Seng , Tsai Shang-Ting , Chen Jien-Lian , Hsu Po-Jen , Kuo Jer-Lai , Ni Chi-Kung
Published: January 2021

Different dehydration barrier heights result in different branching ratio, a simple and fast anomeric configuration identification for xylose.
Radiolabelling of nanomaterials for medical imaging and therapy
Authors: Pellico Juan , Gawne Peter J. , T. M. de Rosales Rafael
Published: January 2021

This review describes and critically evaluates the various strategies available to radiolabel organic and inorganic nanomaterials forin vivoimaging and therapy
Oxidase reactions in photoredox catalysis
Authors: Reed Nicholas L. , Yoon Tehshik P.
Published: January 2021

This tutorial review highlights the distinctive mechanistic roles of and practical considerations regarding terminal oxidants in photocatalytic “oxidase”-type reactions.
Propane dehydrogenation: catalyst development, new chemistry, and emerging technologies
Authors: Chen Sai , Chang Xin , Sun Guodong , Zhang Tingting , Xu Yiyi , Wang Yang , Pei Chunlei , Gong Jinlong
Published: January 2021

This review describes recent advances in the propane dehydrogenation process in terms of emerging technologies, catalyst development and new chemistry.
Atroposelective transformation of axially chiral (hetero)biaryls. From desymmetrization to modern resolution strategies
Authors: Carmona José A. , Rodríguez-Franco Carlos , Fernández Rosario , Hornillos Valentín , Lassaletta José M.
Published: January 2021

Atroposelective transformations of (hetero)biaryls are classified into desymmetrization, kinetic resolution, dynamic kinetic resolution, and dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation depending on the nature and behavior of the starting material.
Regulating morphological and electronic structures of polymeric carbon nitrides by successive copolymerization and stream reforming for photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Wang Ruirui , Yang Pengju , Wang Sibo , Wang Xinchen
Published: January 2021

Greatly reinforced photocatalytic CO2 reduction is realized with carbon nitride polymers tailored via a coupled copolymerization and stream reforming strategy.
Electronic and steric effects of platinum(ii) di-yne and poly-yne substituents on the photo-switching behaviour of stilbene: experimental and theoretical insights
Authors: Al-Busaidi Idris Juma , Haque Ashanul , Husband John , Al Rasbi Nawal K. , Abou-Zied Osama K. , Al Balushi Rayya , Khan Muhammad S. , Raithby Paul R.
Published: January 2021

Synthesis of Pt(ii) mono-, di-, and poly(platina-ynes) incorporating stilbene is described and their photoisomerization has been investigated and compared with azobenzene counterparts.
Enhanced up-conversion luminescence and temperature-sensing of GdVO4:Ln3+ with dual-wavelength excitation
Authors: Li Yue , Guo Linna , Yang Bowen
Published: January 2021

There exists a tendency in the research of up-conversion materials to shift the excitation from 980 nm to multiple excitation wavelengths.
Investigation of the biological and photophysicochemical properties of new non-peripheral fluorinated phthalocyanines
Authors: Çelik Çetin , Farajzadeh Nazli , Akın Mustafa , Atmaca Göknur Yaşa , Sağlam Özgül , Şaki Neslihan , Erdoğmuş Ali , Koçak Makbule Burkut
Published: January 2021

The photophysicochemical and biological properties of new fluorinated phthalocyanines were examined. The synergistic effect of phthalocyanines used as colorants in ink formulas with other chemicals available was investigated for the first time.
Lead-free, stable orange-red-emitting hybrid copper based organic–inorganic compounds
Authors: Wang Le , Sun Haochen , Sun Chun , Xu Da , Tao Jiaqi , Wei Tong , Zhang Zi-hui , Zhang Yonghui , Wang Ziying , Bi Wengang
Published: January 2021

A lead-free, stable orange-red-emitting material (PEA)4Cu4I4 with a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 68% was successfully prepared by a facile strategy.
Air-stable and reusable nickel phosphide nanoparticle catalyst for the highly selective hydrogenation of d-glucose to d-sorbitol
Authors: Yamaguchi Sho , Fujita Shu , Nakajima Kiyotaka , Yamazoe Seiji , Yamasaki Jun , Mizugaki Tomoo , Mitsudome Takato
Published: January 2021

An efficient and sustainable d-sorbitol production viad-glucose hydrogenation was achieved over a hydrotalcite-supported nickel phosphide nanoparticle catalyst with stability, high activity and reusability.
Electric egg-laying: a new approach for regulatingC. elegansegg-laying behaviour in a microchannel using electric field
Authors: Youssef Khaled , Archonta Daphne , Kubiseski Terrance J. , Tandon Anurag , Rezai Pouya
Published: January 2021

C. elegansegg laying behavior and the associated cellular functions can be stimulated on-demand using electrical pulses in a microchannel.
Preparation, biodistribution and dosimetry study of Tc-99m labeled N-doped graphene quantum dot nanoparticles as a multimodular radiolabeling agent
Authors: Gharepapagh Esmaeil , Fakhari Ashraf , Firuzyar Tahereh , Shomali Ashkan , Azimi Farzaneh
Published: January 2021

Preparation, dosimetry and biodistribution study of 99mTc-(N-GQDs) as multipurpose nanoparticles.
Hydrogenation and oxidation enhances the thermoelectric performance of Si2BN monolayer
Authors: Mahida H. R. , Singh Deobrat , Sonvane Yogesh , Gupta Sanjeev K. , Thakor P. B. , Ahuja Rajeev
Published: January 2021

In the present study, we have investigated the structural, electronic, and charge transport properties of pristine, hydrogenated, and oxidized Si2BN monolayers via first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT).
Ammonium monoethyloxalate (AmEtOx): a new agent for the conservation of carbonate stone substrates
Authors: Aragoni M. Carla , Giacopetti Laura , Arca Massimiliano , Carcangiu Gianfranco , Columbu Stefano , Gimeno Domingo , Isaia Francesco , Lippolis Vito , Meloni Paola , Ezquerra Antonia Navarro , Podda Enrico , Rius Jordi , Vallcorba Oriol , Pintus Anna
Published: January 2021

Ammonium monoethyloxalate (AmEtOx) is proposed as a consolidanting agent for carbonate stones such as biomicritic limestone and marble, resulting in the formation of a microcrystalline passivating phase of calcium oxalate (whewellite and weddellite).
Nuclear-targeted nanocarriers based on pH-sensitive amphiphiles for enhanced GNA002 delivery and chemotherapy
Authors: Li Fan , Xu Xing , Liang Yan , Li Yan , Wang Miaochen , Zhao Fen , Wang Xu , Sun Yong , Chen Wantao
Published: January 2021

An original pH-sensitive amphiphile that can provide a triple-stage targeted GNA002 delivery was fabricated to precisely deliver GNA002 from the injection site to the nucleus.
Galvanic replacement of intermetallic nanocrystals as a route toward complex heterostructures
Authors: Chen Alexander N. , Endres Emma J. , Ashberry Hannah M. , Bueno Sandra L. A. , Chen Yifan , Skrabalak Sara E.
Published: January 2021

Galvanic replacement of ordered intermetallic sacrificial templates results in architecturally complex products and highlights key processes in the replacement of multimetallic templates.
Magnetoelectric effect in flexible nanocomposite films based on size-matching
Authors: Feng Rui , Zhu Zhengwang , Liu Yang , Song Shaokun , Zhang Yang , Yuan Ye , Han Ting , Xiong Chuanxi , Dong Lijie
Published: January 2021

A size-matching approach allows large linear magnetoelectric response and good flexibility in nanocomposite films.
A high-yielding solid-phase total synthesis of daptomycin using a Fmoc SPPS stable kynurenine synthon
Authors: Moreira Ryan , Wolfe Jacob , Taylor Scott D.
Published: January 2021

A high-yielding total synthesis of daptomycin, an important clinical antibiotic, is described.
Synthesis and application of a thiol-reactive HBED-type chelator for development of easy-to-produce Ga-radiopharmaceutical kits and imaging probes
Authors: Klika Karel D. , Da Pieve Chiara , Kopka Klaus , Smith Graham , Makarem Ata
Published: January 2021

In radiopharmaceutical syntheses, maleimide is commonly used for linking thiol-bearing bioactive molecules to metal–complexing ligands (chelators).
Thermoresponsive dynamic BAB block copolymer networks synthesized by aqueous PISA in one-pot
Authors: Biais Pauline , Engel Marie , Colombani Olivier , Nicolai Taco , Stoffelbach François , Rieger Jutta
Published: January 2021

The incorporation of neutral hydrophilic monomer units in the hydrophobic B blocks of BAB copolymers produces transient networks exhibiting a thermoresponsive behavior with a maximum of viscosity in water.
Recent advancement in the synthesis of diverse spiro-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalines: a review
Authors: Singh Ruby , Bhardwaj Diksha , Saini Munna Ram
Published: January 2021

The nitrogen-containing indeno[1,2-b]quinoxaline ring is a privileged structurally fused active system and has notable applications in various fields of chemistry.
Self-assembly preparation of lignin–graphene oxide composite nanospheres for highly efficient Cr(vi) removal
Authors: Yan Zhenyu , Wu Ting , Fang Guigan , Ran Miao , Shen Kuizhong , Liao Guangfu
Published: January 2021

Lignin/GO (LGNs) composite nanospheres were prepared by self-assembly method, which showed excellent adsorption performance for Cr(vi) removal.
Enzyme-functionalised, core/shell magnetic nanoparticles for selective pH-triggered sucrose capture
Authors: Fulaz Stephanie , Scachetti Carolina , Tasic Ljubica
Published: January 2021

The designed reusable nanomaterial was tailored for controlled sucrose removal from solutions and can benefit human health and low-calorie intake.
Three-dimensional graphene encapsulated Ag–ZnFe2O4flower-like nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin
Authors: Wang Kangwang , Zhan Sheng , Zhang Danyang , Sun Hui , Jin Xiaodong , Wang Juan
Published: January 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) Ag–ZnFe2O4-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was successfully synthesized using a hydrothermal and photo-reduction method, and the morphological differences of the materials were observed.
Recovery of lanthanum cations by functionalized magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube bundles
Authors: Huang Lijinhong , Liu Lihong , Huang Wanfu , Zhao Bingxin , Shen Zhangfeng , Bao Yaqing , Znad Hussein
Published: January 2021

Epichlorohydrin crosslinked magnetic multiwalled-carbon nanotubes were functionalized with CS2 for efficient low concentration La3+ recovery.
Synthesis of g-C3N4/TiO2 nanostructures for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of U(vi) in water
Authors: Liu Yuelin , Wu Shanshan , Liu Jun , Xie Shuibo , Liu Yingjiu
Published: January 2021

Photocatalytic technology based on g-C3N4/TiO2 is a valid solution for the remediation of wastewater containing uranium.
Photocatalyst-independent photoredox ring-opening polymerization of O-carboxyanhydrides: stereocontrol and mechanism
Authors: Zhong Yongliang , Feng Quanyou , Wang Xiaoqian , Yang Lei , Korovich Andrew G. , Madsen Louis A. , Tong Rong
Published: January 2021

Photoredox ring-opening polymerization of O-carboxyanhydrides allows for the synthesis of functionalized polyesters with high molecular weights, narrow molecular weight distributions, and various tacticities.
Moving while you’re stuck: a macroscopic demonstration of an active system inspired by binding-mediated transport in biology
Authors: Koo Kanghyeon , Lalitha Sridhar Shankar , Clark Noel , Vernerey Franck , Hough Loren
Published: January 2021

Demonstrating binding-mediated motion in active polymers using a macroscopic prototype with better design control.
Short intrinsically disordered polypeptide–oligonucleotide conjugates for programmed self-assembly of nanospheres with temperature-dependent size controllability
Authors: Wang Bin , Pan Rizhao , Zhu Weiping , Xu Yufang , Tian Ye , Endo Masayuki , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Yang Yangyang , Qian Xuhong
Published: January 2021

A new type of thermoresponsive nanospheres was successfully developed by using a series of short intrinsically disordered polypeptide conjugated oligonucleotides as assembling building blocks.
Self-assembled luminescent cholate gels induced by a europium ion in deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Sun Meng , Li Qintang , Chen Xiao
Published: January 2021

Luminescent gels have been successfully fabricated through the self-assembly of sodium cholate and a europium ion in choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents.
Essential effect of the electrolyte on the mechanical and chemical degradation of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathodes upon long-term cycling
Authors: Liu Xiaoming , Zhan Xiaowen , Hood Zachary D. , Li Wangda , Leonard Donovan N. , Manthiram Arumugam , Chi Miaofang
Published: January 2021

Atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals the initiation and progression mechanism of microcracks and voids in LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) cathodes upon extended charge/discharge cycles.
Local charge rearrangement to boost the chemical adsorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfides for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhao Tongkun , Chen Junwu , Yuan Menglei , Dai Kaiqing , Zhang Jingxian , Li Shuwei , He Hongyan , Liu Zhanjun , Zhang Guangjin
Published: January 2021

The optimization of electronic structure via the local charge rearrangement enables the remarkable adsorptive and catalytic capabilities for polysulfides towards the excellent performances of Li–S batteries.
Balancing photovoltaic parameters to enhance device performance of fluorene-fused heptacyclic small-molecule acceptors through varying terminal groups and polymer donors
Authors: Zheng Tao , Tang Xuejiao , Yin Pan , Chen Li , Liang Jingtan , Weng Chao , Shen Ping
Published: January 2021

Combining the halogenation on the A group of dithienocyclopentafluorene-based A–D–A acceptors and variation of the paired polymer donor is an effective strategy to enhance device efficiency by balancing photovoltaic parameters.
Precise, sensitive, and reversible thermochromic luminescent sensing facilitated via bright high-temperature luminescent PEAMnBrxI3−x (x = 0/1/2/3)
Authors: Shen Wei , Sui Shiqi , Yuan Wenbo , Wang Aifei , Tao Youtian , Chen Shufen , Deng Zhengtao
Published: January 2021

PEAMnBrxI3−x (x = 0/1/2/3) show a reversible color response to temperature, achieving precise, sensitive and reversible thermochromic temperature sensing.
Tunable transition metal complexes as hole transport materials for stable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Lin Liangyou , Lian Camilla , Jones Timothy W. , Bennett Robert D. , Mihaylov Blago , Yang Terry Chien-Jen , Wang Jacob Tse-Wei , Chi Bo , Duffy Noel W. , Li Jinhua , Wang Xianbao , Snaith Henry J. , Wilson Gregory J.
Published: January 2021

We developed a high-performance hole transport material based on transition metal complexes for perovskite solar cells, which exhibits excellent photostability.
Intelligent writable material based on a supramolecular self-assembly gel
Authors: Ma Xinxian , Qiao Bo , Lai Yingshan , Geng Yutao , Le Jinlong , Feng Enke , Han Xinning , Liu Minghua
Published: January 2021

Gelator (G1) solution reveals brilliant blue light upon mixing with Mg2+; this blue light can be erased using saliva or CO32−. Based on this characteristic, a smart erasable writable material was prepared.
Cluster strong lensing with hierarchical inference
Authors: Bergamini P. , Agnello A. , Caminha G. B.
Published: January 2021

Context. Lensing by galaxy clusters is a versatile probe of cosmology and extragalactic astrophysics, but the accuracy of some of its predictions is limited by the simplified models adopted to reduce the (otherwise intractable) number of degrees of freedom.

Aims. We aim to explore cluster lensing models in which the parameters of all cluster member galaxies are free to vary around some common scaling relations with non-zero scatter and deviate significantly from these relations if, and only if, the data require this.

Methods. We devised a Bayesian hierarchical inference framework that enables the determination of all lensing parameters and the scaling relation hyperparameters, including intrinsic scatter, from lensing constraints and (if given) stellar kinematic measurements. We achieve this through BAYESLENS, a purpose-built wrapper around common parametric lensing codes that can sample the full posterior on parameters and hyperparameters; we release BAYESLENS with this paper.

Results. We ran functional tests of our code against simple mock cluster lensing datasets with realistic uncertainties. The parameters and hyperparameters are recovered within their 68% credibility ranges and the positions of all the “observed” multiple images are accurately reproduced by the BAYELENS best-fit model, without over-fitting.

Conclusions. We have shown that an accurate description of cluster member galaxies is attainable, despite a large number of degrees of freedom, through fast and tractable inference. This extends beyond the most updated cluster lensing models. The precise impact on studies of cosmography, galaxy evolution, and high-redshift galaxy populations can then be quantified on real galaxy clusters. While other sources of systematics exist and may be significant in real clusters, our results show that the contribution of intrinsic scatter in cluster member populations can now be controlled.
Probing the internal magnetism of stars using asymptotic magneto-asteroseismology
Authors: Mathis S. , Bugnet L. , Prat V. , Augustson K. , Mathur S. , Garcia R. A.
Published: January 2021

Context. Our knowledge of the dynamics of stars has undergone a revolution through the simultaneous large amount of high-quality photometric observations collected by space-based asteroseismology and ground-based high-precision spectropolarimetry. They allowed us to probe the internal rotation of stars and their surface magnetism in the whole Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. However, new methods should still be developed to probe the deep magnetic fields in these stars.

Aims. Our goal is to provide seismic diagnoses that allow us to probe the internal magnetism of stars.

Methods. We focused on asymptotic low-frequency gravity modes and high-frequency acoustic modes. Using a first-order perturbative theory, we derived magnetic splittings of their frequencies as explicit functions of stellar parameters.

Results. As in the case of rotation, we show that asymptotic gravity and acoustic modes can allow us to probe the different components of the magnetic field in the cavities in which they propagate. This again demonstrates the high potential of using mixed-modes when this is possible.
Apertif view of the OH megamaser IRAS 10597+5926: OH 18 cm satellite lines in wide-area H I surveys
Authors: Hess K. M. , Roberts H. , Dénes H. , Adebahr B. , Darling J. , Adams E. A. K. , de Blok W. J. G. , Kutkin A. , Lucero D. M. , Morganti R. , Moss V. A. , Oosterloo T. A. , Schulz R. , van der Hulst J. M. , Coolen A. H. W. M. , Damstra S. , Ivashina M. , Loose G. M. , Maan Y. , Mika Á. , Mulder H. , Norden M. J. , Oostrum L. C. , Ruiter M. , van Leeuwen J. , Vermaas N. J. , Vohl D. , Wijnholds S. J. , Ziemke J.
Published: January 2021

We present the serendipitous detection of the two main OH maser lines at 1667 and 1665 MHz associated with IRAS 10597+5926 atz⊙ = 0.19612 in the untargeted Apertif Wide-area Extragalactic imaging Survey (AWES), and the subsequent measurement of the OH 1612 MHz satellite line in the same source. With a total OH luminosity of log(L/L⊙) = 3.90 ± 0.03, IRAS 10597+5926 is the fourth brightest OH megamaser (OHM) known. We measure a lower limit for the 1667/1612 ratio ofR1612 > 45.9, which is the highest limiting ratio measured for the 1612 MHz OH satellite line to date. OH satellite line measurements provide a potentially valuable constraint by which to compare detailed models of OH maser pumping mechanisms. Optical imaging shows that the galaxy is likely a late-stage merger. Based on published infrared and far ultraviolet fluxes, we find that the galaxy is an ultra-luminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG) with log(LTIR/L⊙) = 12.24 that is undergoing a starburst with an estimated star formation rate of 179 ± 40M⊙yr−1. These host galaxy properties are consistent with the physical conditions responsible for very bright OHM emission. Finally, we provide an update on the predicted number of OH masers that may be found in AWES and estimate the total number of OH masers that will be detected in each of the individual main and satellite OH 18 cm lines.
A study of C4H3N isomers in TMC-1: Line by line detection of HCCCH2CN
Authors: Marcelino N. , Tercero B. , Agúndez M. , Cernicharo J.
Published: January 2021

We present Yebes 40 m telescope observations of the three most stable C4H3N isomers towards the cyanopolyyne peak of TMC-1. We have detected 13 transitions from CH3C3N (A and E species), 16 lines from CH2CCHCN, and 27 lines (a-type andb-type) from HCCCH2CN. We thus provide a robust confirmation of the detection of HCCCH2CN and CH2CCHCN in space. We have constructed rotational diagrams for the three species and obtained rotational temperatures between 4 and 8 K as well as similar column densities for the three isomers, in the range (1.5−3) × 1012cm−2. Our chemical model provides abundances of the order of the observed ones, although it overestimates the abundance of CH3CCCN and underestimates that of HCCCH2CN. The similarity of the observed abundances of the three isomers suggests a common origin, most probably involving reactions of the radical CN with the unsaturated hydrocarbons methyl acetylene and allene. Studies of reaction kinetics at low temperatures and further observations of these molecules in different astronomical sources are needed to draw a clear picture of the chemistry of C4H3N isomers in space.
Manual Method for Measuring The External Quantum Efficiency for solar cells
Authors: Slami Abdelhadi , Benramdane Noureddine
Published: January 2021

Nowadays, the research related to the solar cells is oriented to the solar cell’s quantum efficiency (QE) or the Incident Photon to Charge Carrier Efficiency (IPCE) development. The determination of the external quantum efficiency (EQE) is fundamental to photovoltaic research [10]. This article proposes a fast conventional method to determine the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of a solar cell using a measuring bench (IPCE), such as the instruments and the measuring principle. The foundations necessary to study the important parts of EQE are built. The main equations and guiding principles of this measurement are reviewed.
Enhanced LVRT capability of Wind Turbine based on DFIG using Dynamic Voltage Restorer controlled by ADRC-based Feedback control
Authors: Boulaoutaq El Mahfoud , Baala Youssef , Mouslime Sana , Oubella Mhand , Kourchi Mustapha , Rachdy Azeddine
Published: January 2021

For grid-connected DFIG-based wind turbine, Fault Ride Through (FRT) or Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) capability is vital problem that need to be improved. This paper proposes an Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) strategy applied to Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based Wind turbine (WT), which integrates a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR). The DVR connect in series the DFIG output terminal and the utility grid. The ADRC scheme of the new topology DFIG-based WT with integrated DVR is designed to compensate grid voltage disturbances, which in turn meet LVRT requirement and increase the level of wind power penetration. The performance of this WT-DFIG-DVR structure is investigated in different operating scenarios in order to show the skills of the designed controllers.
The SDN-MQTT for an interoperable smart home
Authors: Tamri Rajae , Rakrak Said
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the design of SDN-MQTT for a smart home. It is a system combining the SDN technology that solves many technological difficulties in traditional networks, and the MQTT protocol that is arguably the most widely used for resource constrained IoT devices. These two technologies enable heterogeneous IoT devices to be interoperable and interact without any problems. Our proposed work ensures two levels of interoperability.
Discounted Markov Decision Processes with Constrained Costs: the decomposition approach
Authors: Semmouri Abdellatif , Jourhmane Mostafa , Elbaghazaoui Bahaa Eddine
Published: January 2021

In this paper we consider a constrained optimization of discrete time Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) with finite state and action spaces, which accumulate both a reward and costs at each decision epoch. We will study the problem of finding a policy that maximizes the expected total discounted reward subject to the constraints that the expected total discounted costs are not greater than given values. Thus, we will investigate the decomposition method of the state space into the strongly communicating classes for computing an optimal or a nearly optimal stationary policy. The discounted criterion has many applications in several areas such that the Forest Management, the Management of Energy Consumption, the finance, the Communication System (Mobile Networks) and the artificial intelligence.
From Auto-encoders to Capsule Networks: A Survey
Authors: El Alaoui-Elfels Omaima , Gadi Taoufiq
Published: January 2021

Convolutional Neural Networks are a very powerful Deep Learning algorithm used in image processing, object classification and segmentation. They are very robust in extracting features from data and largely used in several domains. Nonetheless, they require a large number of training datasets and relations between features get lost in the Max-pooling step, which can lead to a wrong classification. Capsule Networks (CapsNets) were introduced to overcome these limitations by extracting features and their pose using capsules instead of neurons. This technique shows an impressive performance in one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional datasets as well as in sparse datasets. In this paper, we present an initial understanding of CapsNets, their concept, structure and learning algorithm. We introduce the progress made by CapsNets from their introduction in 2011 until 2020. We compare different CapsNets series to demonstrate strengths and challenges. Finally, we quote different implementations of Capsule Networks and show their robustness in a variety of domains. This survey provides the state-of-the-art of Capsule Networks and allows other researchers to get a clear view of this new field. Besides, we discuss the open issues and the promising directions of future research, which may lead to a new generation of CapsNets.
Comparison of algorithms for identification of IIR systems from binary measurements on the output
Authors: Oualla Hicham , Pouliquen Mathieu , Frikel Miloud , Safi Said
Published: January 2021

In the last decade, a significant number of algorithms of systems using only a quantized output, has appeared. In this study, an overview of identification methods of IIR systems, using quantized or binary output, is presented. A short description of the methods existing in the literature is given. The methods are compared both on the basis of simulation examples.
Evaluation of Manufacturing Process based on the Geometric Variation Model in Multi-station Machining Processes
Authors: Peng Heping , Peng Zhuoqun
Published: January 2021

The objective of this paper is to explore the evaluation method of manufacturing process to verify its effectiveness based on the limitation of the variations which occur in multi-station machining processes. Firstly, the manufacturing process of a mechanical part is considered as a mechanism mainly consisted of machine-tool, part-holders, machined part, and cutting tools; And small displacement torsors (SDTs) are applied to describe all deviations in the manufacturing process, including the variation deviations of the machined surfaces of a part with regards to their nominal positions, the gap deviations associated to each joint between two contact surfaces, etc; Then, the 3D manufacturing variation model is established based on the relations between the machining feature variations and the functional tolerance requirements to realize the evaluation of manufacturing process. Finally, an application example is given to illustrate the proposed method.
Study on contact angle of double-decker bearing with consider of centrifugal expansion
Authors: Hu Jing , Qiao XiaoLi , Lv QiongYing , Zhang XinMing , Zhai JiuTong , Li HaiLong
Published: January 2021

Improving the precision of numerical calculation of double-decker bearing is the basis of exploring its potential application value. This paper takes double-decker bearing as the research object, a modified quasi-statics model of double-decker bearing was established by considering the influence of the centrifugal expansion of the inner and middle ring of double-decker bearing at high speed and solve it with soft of Matlab. The influence of centrifugal expansion on the contact angle of the double-decker bearing was analyzed. The results show that the centrifugal expansion caused by the inner ring and middle ring under high speed can not be ignored, and the centrifugal expansion has a greater influence on the contact angle of inner bearing than that of outer bearing. The influence of centrifugal expansion on the dynamic properties of different materials is different, and the change of contact angle caused by ceramic as the inner ring and middle ring is greater than that of steel. It provides the basis for more accurate numerical analysis and design of the double-decker bearing.
Seed Systems in the Four Shallot Producing Areas of Java: A Focus Group Discussion
Authors: Adiyoga Witono
Published: January 2021

Understanding shallot seed systems is crucial for managing crop biodiversity on-farm where it is of both private value to farmers and social significance for future crop improvement and the resilience of the farming system. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was carried out in Cirebon-West Java, Brebes-Central Java, Bantul-Yogyakarta S.R and Nganjuk-East Java. In Java, FGDs estimate that the share of formal seed sector in the total shallot seed supply rarely exceeds 5%. Hence, the seed supply is heavily relied on the informal seed system in which farmers use their-own strategies, including farmer-saved seeds, farmer seed exchange, and farmer-managed seed production. In the meantime, FGDs indicate that both systems in general are still characterized by low quality seeds, limited clean/healthy seeds, lack of supporting qualified human resources, lack of supporting infra-structure, and low transfer of seed technology. Both systems actually have considerable strengths to be leveraged and weaknesses to be improved. Therefore, FGDs suggest that integrating and recognizing the coexistence of the formal and informal seed systems in the four shallot producing areas in Java should be embraced to optimize the mutual benefits between the two systems.
Analysis of Oyster Mushroom Farming in Highlands (A Case Study in Sleman and Temanggung Indonesia)
Authors: Rahmawati Nur , Marbudi
Published: January 2021

This study aims to discover the characteristics, cost, profit, and feasibility of oyster mushroom farming in highlands, specifically in Sleman and Temanggung Regency, Indonesia. Location determination was done purposively because the two regencies are in highlands. A snowball method was utilized to determine the respondents consisting of 32 oyster mushroom farmers. A descriptive method and t-test were employed to analyze the differences in the average cost, income, profit, and benefit-cost of farming. The results revealed that there were differences in the input and process technology characteristics of oyster mushroom farming in both regencies, leading to the differences in the profit and feasibility. However, there was no difference in the costs incurred between the two farming areas. The profit and feasibility of oyster mushroom farming in Temanggung were higher than those in Sleman. Nonetheless, the cost of farming in both regencies was relatively the same. Hence, it is necessary to increase the potential of oyster mushroom farmers in Sleman and strengthen the farmers in Temanggung so that the quality and productivity of oyster mushrooms in the two regencies can be stable and increase. Therefore, it will have an impact on the income and profit of farmers.