bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Historical Foundations. Historical Architectural Treaty How Information Source of the Architectonic Heritage
Authors: Da Casa Fernando , Echeverria Ernesto , Celis Flavio
Published: February 2015

In order to address architectural heritage conservation, we must be familiar with the medium with which we will be working, its function and response to incidents or external actions (natural or anthropogenic) and how the buildings were conceived and constructed in order to understand how they will be affected by the intervention process to which they will be subjected and adopt the adequate measures so these processes will not harm the buildings. An important element is the foundation. This is a fundamental, yet often forgotten, element. It is important to know the history of the foundations, how and why they were constructed and for this, it is essential to study architectural treatises as the origin of their design. It is surprising to read classical architecture treatises and observe that they do not refer to calculations of dimensions, but to constructive solutions that today may seem clever because they are obvious, but in reality, they do not address the thoughts of the designer or builder. The historic architectural treatises on construction that significantly influenced Spanish construction, which we studied and will present in this article, include Vitruvius and Palladio as well as the developments in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and even into the first half of the twentieth century: (Vitruvius (1st century BC), Palladio (1524), Alberti (1582), Cristóbal de Rojas (1598), Fray Laurencio San Nicolás (1639), Brizguz y Bru (1738), Rieger (1763), Fornes y Gurrea (1841), Espinosa (1859), Marcos y Bausá (1879), Ger y Lobez (1898) and Barberot (1927).
Photo-Realistic 3D Modelling of Sculptures on Open-Air Museums
Authors: Duca Francesca , Cabrelles Miriam , Navarro Santiago , Segui Ana Elena , Lerma José Luis
Published: February 2015

Laser scanning is a high-end technology with possibilities far ahead the well-known civil engineering and industrial applications. The actual geomatic technologies and methodologies for cultural heritage documentation allow the generation of very realistic 3D results used for many scopes like archaeological documentation, digital conservation, 3D repositories, etc. The fast acquisition times of large number of point clouds in 3D opens up the world of capabilities to document and keep alive cultural heritage, moving forward the generation of virtual animated replicas of great value and smooth multimedia dissemination. This paper presents the use of a terrestrial laser sca nning (TLS) as a valuable tool for 3D documentation of large outdoor cultural heritage sculptures such as two of the existing ones inside the “Campus de Vera” of the UPV: “Defensas I” and “Mentoring”. The processing of the TLS data is discussed in detail in order to create photo-realistic digital models. Data acquisition is conducted with a time-of-flight scanner, characterized by its high accuracy, small beam, and ultra-fine scanning. Data processing is performed using Leica Geosystems Cyclone Software for the data registration and 3DReshaper Software for modelling and texturing.  High-resolution images after calibration and orientation of an off-the-shelf digital camera are draped onto the models to achieve right appearance in colour and texture. A discussion on the differences found out when modelling sculptures with different deviation errors will be presented. Processing steps such as normal smoothing and vertices recalculation are found appropriate to achieve continuous meshes around the objects.
Role of Interdisciplinary Cooperation in Process of Documentation of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Hodač Jindřich , Rykl Michael
Published: February 2015

This paper is focused on presentation of results of long-term interdisciplinary cooperation in a process of documentation of Cultural Heritage. There are two sides joined in this cooperation. The first side is a ,,submitter” - in our case it means architect-historian (Mr. Rykl). The second side is a ,,contractor” - in our case it means surveyorphotogrammetrist (Mr. Hodač and his students). We are cooperating mostly on projects of metrical documentation of Culture Heritage buildings and sites. Our cooperation is realizing mainly in bachelor„s/master’s projects. Other opportunity for our collaboration is our course [1]. We are offering this course to students of two faculties/specializations (surveyors + architects). Beside the wide range of real results (2D drawings, 3D models, photomaps etc.) we also collected quite a lot of experience with process of collaboration itself. Cooperation and communication of submitter and contactor are playing key roles for successful project. It is possible to generally expect that submitter will give the ,,task” and contractor will try to find proper technology to solve it. The process of communication should be permanent because new circumstances and findings are arising all the time. It is very important for all together to find common language across specializations to understand each other. Surveyors are ,,slightly pressed” to get more knowledge about historical building constructions. Architects-historians should get basic awareness about various recent technologies for metrical documentation and its ,,pros and cons”.
Reconstruction of Eroded and Visually Complicated Archaeological Geometric Patterns: Minaret Choli, Iraq
Authors: Al Ajlouni Rima , Justa Petr
Published: February 2015

Visually complicated patterns can be found in many cultural heritages of the world. Islamic geometric patterns present us with one example of such visually complicated archaeological ornaments. As long-lived artifacts, these patterns have gone through many phases of construction, damage, and repair and are constantly subject to erosion and vandalism. The task of reconstructing these visually complicated ornaments faces many practical challenges. The main challenge is posed by the fact that archaeological reality often deals with ornaments that are broken, incomplete or hidden. Recognizing faint traces of eroded or missing parts proved to be an extremely difficult task. This is also combined with the need for specialized knowledge about the mathematical rules of patterns’ structure, in order to regenerate the missing data. This paper presents a methodology for reconstructing deteriorated Islamic geometric patterns; to predict the features that are not observed and output a complete reconstructed two-dimension accurate measurable model. The simulation process depends primarily on finding the parameters necessary to predict information, at other locations, based on the relationships embedded in the existing data and in the prior -knowledge of these relations. The aim is to build up from the fragmented data and from the historic and general knowledge, a model of the reconstructed object. The proposed methodology was proven to be successful in capturing the accurate structural geometry of many of the deteriorated ornaments on the Minaret Choli, Iraq. However, in the case of extremely deteriorated samples, the proposed methodology failed to recognize the correct geometry. The conceptual framework proposed by this paper can serve as a platform for developing professional tools for fast and efficient results.
Automated Image-Based Procedures for Accurate Artifacts 3D Modeling and Orthoimage Generation
Authors: Pierrot-Deseilligny Marc , De Luca Livio , Remondino Fabio
Published: February 2015

The accurate 3D documentation of architectures and heritages is getting very common and required in different application contexts. The potentialities of the image-based approach are nowadays very well-known but there is a lack of reliable, precise and flexible solutions, possibly open-source, which could be used for metric and accurate documentation or digital conservation and not only for simple visualization or web-based applications. The article presents a set of photogrammetric tools developed in order to derive accurate 3D point clouds and orthoimages for the digitization of archaeological and architectural objects. The aim is also to distribute free solutions (software, methodologies, guidelines, best practices, etc.) based on 3D surveying and modeling experiences, useful in different application contexts (architecture, excavations, museum collections, heritage documentation, etc.) and according to several representations needs (2D technical documentation, 3D reconstruction, web visualization, etc.).
3DMADMAC|AUTOMATED: synergistic hardware and software solution for automated 3D digitization of cultural heritage objects
Authors: Sitnik Robert , Karaszewski Maciej , Załuski Wojciech , Bunsch Eryk
Published: February 2015

In this article a fully automated 3D shape measurement system and data processing algorithms are presented. Main purpose of this system is to automatically (without any user intervention) and rapidly (at least ten times faster than manual measurement) digitize whole object’s surface with some limitations to its properties: maximum measurement volume is described as a cylinder with 2,8m height and 0,6m radius, maximum object's weight is 2 tons.  Measurement head is automatically calibrated by the system for chosen working volume (from 120mm x 80mm x 60mm and ends up to 1,2m x 0,8m x 0,6m). Positioning of measurement head in relation to measured object is realized by computer-controlled manipulator. The system is equipped with two independent collision detection modules to prevent damaging measured object with moving sensor’s head. Measurement process is divided into three steps. First step is used for locating any part of object’s surface in assumed measurement volume. Second step is related to calculation of "next best view" position of measurement head on the base of existing 3D scans. Finally small holes in measured 3D surface are detected and measured. All 3D data processing (filtering, ICP based fitting and final views integration) is performed automatically. Final 3D model is created on the base of user specified parameters like accuracy of surface representation and/or density of surface sampling. In the last section of the paper, exemplary measurement result of two objects: biscuit (from the collection of Museum Palace at Wilanów) and Roman votive altar (Lower Moesia, II-III AD) are presented.
3DMADMAC|SPECTRAL: Hardware and Software Solution for Integrated Digitization of 3D Shape, Multispectral Color and BRDF for Cultural Heritage Documentation
Authors: Sitnik Robert , Mączkowski Grzegorz , Krzesłowski Jakub , Gadziński Tomasz
Published: February 2015

In this article a new 3D measurement system along with the study on 3D printing technology is presented from the perspective of quality of reproduction. In the first part of the paper the 3DMADMAC|SPECTRAL system which integrates 3D shape with additional color and angular reflectance measurement capabilities is presented (see Figure 1). The shape measurement system is based on structured light projection with the use of a DLP projector. The 3D shape measurement method is based on sinusoidal fringes and Gray codes projection. Color is being measured using multispectral images with a set of interference filters to separate spectral channels. Additionally the set up includes an array of compact light sources for measuring angular reflectance based on image analysis and 3D data processing. All three components of the integrated system use the same greyscale camera as a detector. The purpose of the system is to obtain complete information about shape, color and reflectance characteristic of mea sured surface, especially for cultural heritage objects - in order to create high quality 3D documentation. In the second part of the paper the 3D printing technology will be tested on real measured cultural heritage objects. Tests allow to assess measurement and color accuracy of reproduction by selected 3D printing technology and shed some light on how current 3D printing technology can be applied into cultural heritage.
Digital Terrain Model of the Second Military Survey – Part of the Military Training Area Brdy
Authors: Vichrová Martina , Čada Václav
Published: February 2015

The Second Military Survey in the territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was performed between 1806 and 1869. The territory of Bohemia was surveyed from1842 to 1852 and Moravia and Silesia from 1836 to 1840. After detailed study of the Lehmann´s theory of displaying the topographic landforms using hachure’s, it was detected that the hachure’s in the maps of the Second Military Survey were created by means of the modified Lehmann´s scale. The representation of landforms in maps of the Second Military Survey was accomplished by spot heights represented mostly by points of geodetic control. The aim of this contribution is to propose and describe the methodology of creating the digital terrain model (DTM) from the Second Military Survey hypsometry and to analyse its accuracy. A part of the map sheet (W_II_11) of the Second Military Survey, representing the long-standing military training area Brdy, was chosen as a model area. The resulting DTM was compared with the recent reference digital ground model – DMR ZABAGED®. The conformity of terrain relief forms and elevation accuracy of the DTM derived from the Second Military Survey hypsometry were also investigated.
Information Management Systems for Cultural Heritage and Conservation of World Heritage Sites. The Silk Roads Case Study
Authors: Vileikis Ona , Quintero Mario Santana , Van Balen Koen , Dumont Barbara , Tigny Vincent
Published: February 2015

This paper discusses the application of Information Management Systems (IMS) in cultural heritage. IMS offer a set of tools for understanding, inventorying and documenting national, regional and World Heritage properties.  Information Management Systems can assist State Parties, stakeholders and heritage site managers involved in cultural heritage management and conservation by easily mining, sharing and exchanging information from multiple sources based on international standards. Moreover, they aim to record, manage, visualize, analyze and disseminate heritage information. In close collaboration with five Central Asian countries, namely, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan; a Belgian consortium headed by the Raymond Lemaire International Centre for Conservation (RLICC), K.U.Leuven is developing the Silk Roads Cultural Heritage Resource Information System (CHRIS). This Web-based Information Management System supports the preparation of the Central Asia Silk Roads serial and transnational nominations on the UNESCO World Heritage list. The project has been set up thanks to the financial support of the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) and in collaboration with UNESCO World Heritage Centre in conjunction with the People’s Republic of China and the Japanese Funds-in-Trust UNESCO project. It provides a holistic approach for the recording, documenta tion, protection and monitoring tasks as part of the management of these potential World Heritage Properties. The Silk Roads CHRIS is easily accessible to the general user, presented in a bilingual English and Russian frame and interoperable, i.e. open for other applications to connect to. In this way, all information for the nomination dossiers is easily verified regarding consistency and quality and ready for managing, periodic reporting and monitoring processes in the respect to the property listed. Fina lly, this study provides a general framework to establish the effectiveness and limits of the use of information systems for serial transnational nominations of World Heritage Properties and to demonstrate the potentials of an improved heritage documentation system.
As relações de pares de jovens socialmente retraídos
Authors: Correia João , Santos António J. , Freitas Miguel , Ribeiro Olívia , Rubin Kenneth
Published: February 2015

O presente estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar as relações sociais de jovens retraidos, quer com o grupo de pares, quer com os seus melhores amigos. Os dados foram recolhidos com base em 3 instrumentos: o Extended Class Play — que permite captar as avaliações que os pares fazem do comportamento, funcionamento e reputação sociais dos colegas —, as Nomeações de Amizade e o Friendship Quality Questionnaire — destinado a aceder às perceções que os sujeitos têm de vários aspetos qualitativos da sua melhor amizade. No que diz respeito às relações sociais, verificámos que os jovens socialmente retirados eram descritos pelos pares como sendo significativamente mais isolados, excluídos e vitimizados, mas também mais pró-sociais do que os seus colegas. Por outro lado, não diferiam destes no número, nem na qualidade de amizade relatada, ainda que tendessem a ter amigos significativamente mais isolados e excluídos, bem como menos agressivos do que os adolescentes do grupo de controlo. Os resultados estão de acordo com a literatura, refletindo-se sobre as dificuldades sociais que os jovens retirados enfrentam, bem como sobre o possível efeito protetor da participação numa melhor amizade.
Thibaut de Champagne and Lyric Auctoritas in MS Paris, BnF fr. 12615
Authors: O'Sullivan Daniel E.
Published: February 2015

Medieval composers and audiences alike took great stock in the cultural value of auctoritas, the notion that new compositions should closely follow the patterns set by previously accepted authors. The present study examines the concept as it applies to the composition of a particular manuscript: Paris, BnF fr. 12615. The codex underwent at least two, and most likely three, stages of compilation. Strategies of compilatio and ordinatio are examined to demonstrate how the compiler uses earlier songbooks dedicated to Thibaut de Champagne (d. 1253) to shape his own songbook and gradually move his anthology from aristocratic to urban, Artesian notions of auctoritas. Subsequent additions to 12615 enhance the original compiler’s scheme.
Reflections on Paratextual Markers and Graphic Devices in Ur III Administrative Documents
Authors: Tsouparopoulou Christina
Published: February 2015

Mining 15,000 cuneiform inscribed clay documents, albeit with about 10 lines of text each, this article discusses elements appearing on these tablets beyond text which accentuated in a visual way the structure of the documents and usually aided or, in some instances, obscured their reading and subsequent interpretation. These paratextual markers and graphic devices are left-edge inscriptions, rulings, blank spaces, and sealings that added information not available from the text alone.
A Critical Edition of Ezra Pound’s Pisan Cantos: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Bush Ronald , Ten Eyck David
Published: February 2015

If for no other reason the fact that all published editions of the Pisan Cantos have been unable to execute Ezra Pound’s instructions for the insertion of Greek and have omitted over fifty sets of Chinese characters that he directed his publishers to include would be sufficient cause to re-edit the poem. But the case for a new edition is stronger than that. Owing to the extraordinary conditions of its composition and transmission, approximately five hundred corruptions of Pound’s typescript text survived into the poem’s first English and American publications. Pound’s typescript of the Pisan Cantos was prepared during his incarceration in the US Army Disciplinary Training Center (DTC) an American military prison camp near Pisa during the summer and autumn of 1945, and was the product of the harsh conditions of his imprisonment (his wavering memory following a mental breakdown, his lack of books, and the many errors he inevitably produced typing at odd hours on unfamiliar typewriters). Just as seriously, many of Pound’s emended carbons never reached his editors at New Directions and he was forced during his continued incarceration in the U.S. to delegate responsibility for many kinds of correction he would normally have made himself. He was also denied access to his originals at every stage proofing. Although there can never be a definitively “corrected edition” of the Pisan Cantos because Pound made inconsistent emendations on different typescript leaves and kept his publishers in the dark about which instances of idiosyncratic spelling, quotation, and punctuation he wished them to correct, this does not mean that an edition cannot be established that eliminates the corruptions that later crept into the text and that carries out Pound’s implicit and explicit expectations for producing the poem, many of which his first editors never fully understood. A critical edition based on the typescripts Pound produced at Pisa and including a complete historical apparatus is currently in preparation with Oxford University Press and will not only achieve these aims but also make it possible to understand the deficiencies of the poem’s currently circulating texts.
“Is this the period of my blisse?” Commas, ends and utterance in Solyman and Perseda
Authors: Burrows Ian Roger
Published: February 2015

In this paper I consider the appearance of speech-ending commas and their effects in early editions of the play Solyman and Perseda. Offering evidence that such commas were used in the Edward Allde print shop deliberately and to denote a particular kind of interruption, I offer considerations for how those interruptions might shape a reading of the play as a whole. In compiling the textual evidence that suggests a deliberate policy of pointing at work in the Allde print house, this essay teases out some of the implications for editorial theory and and the practice of “modernisation”, while also bringing those concerns to bear on vexed critical issues such as the formulation of individual dramatic character and interiority.
Impact and Predictors of Noncircular Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Shapes on Estimating Aortic Stenosis Severity by Means of Continuity Equations
Authors: Bhatia Nirmanmoh , Dawn Buddhadeb , Siddiqui Tariq S. , Stoddard Marcus F.
Published: February 2015

Determining aortic stenosis (AS) severity is clinically important. Calculating aortic valve (AV) area by means of the continuity equation assumes a circular left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). The full impact of this assumption in calculating AV area is unknown. Predictors of noncircular LVOT shape in patients with AS are undefined.

In 109 adult patients with AS who underwent multiplanar transesophageal echocardiography, we calculated AV area by means of the standard continuity method and by a modified method involving planimetric LVOT area.

We found 54 circular, 37 horizontal-oval, 8 vertical-oval, and 10 irregular LVOTs. Area derived by direct planimetry correlated better with the modified than the standard continuity method (r=0.89 vs r=0.85; both P=0.0001). Valve areas of patients with mild, moderate, or severe AS by planimetry were more often mischaracterized with use of the standard than modified method (29 vs 18; P <0.0001). Horizontal-oval AV area derived by planimetry (1.28 ± 0.55 cm2) was underestimated by the standard method (1.05 ± 0.47 cm2; P=0.001), but not by the modified method. Congenital AV morphology and low cardiac index were the only multivariate predictors of horizontal-oval shape. Low cardiac index was the only predictor of noncircular shape.

More than half our patients with AS had noncircular LVOTs. Using the modified method reduces mischaracterizations of AS severity. Congenital AV morphology and low cardiac index predict horizontal-oval or noncircular shape. These data suggest the value of direct LVOT measurement to calculate AS severity in patients who have congenital AV or a low cardiac index.
Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Artery Hypertension in a Patient with Compensated Cardiac Disease: Hemodynamic and Functional Response to Sildenafil Therapy
Authors: Nikolaidis Lazaros , Memon Nabeel , O'Murchu Brian
Published: February 2015

We describe the case of a 54-year-old man who presented with exertional dyspnea and fatigue that had worsened over the preceding 2 years, despite a normally functioning bioprosthetic aortic valve and stable, mild left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction, 0.45). His symptoms could not be explained by physical examination, an extensive biochemical profile, or multiple cardiac and pulmonary investigations.

However, abnormal cardiopulmonary exercise test results and a right heart catheterization—combined with the use of a symptom-limited, bedside bicycle ergometer—revealed that the patient's exercise-induced pulmonary artery hypertension was out of proportion to his compensated left heart disease. A trial of sildenafil therapy resulted in objective improvements in hemodynamic values and functional class.
Iliac Artery Aneurysm Repair with Preservation of a Single Ectopic Pelvic Kidney
Authors: Sarralde Aurelio , Perez-Negueruela Carolina , Bernal José M.
Published: February 2015

An ultrasonographic study in a 60-year-old man incidentally detected an iliac artery aneurysm that gave rise to the renal artery of a single ectopic pelvic kidney. Renal-preservation solution could not be used during surgery, because the unclamped renal vein would have enabled the solution to enter the systemic circulation. Therefore, cold saline solution was infused through the renal ostium, and the kidney was maintained under cold saline immersion. We performed aortoiliac bypass and then implanted the renal artery into the bypass graft. Postoperatively, the patient's serum creatinine level increased; after one year, his renal function was normal. We discuss our use of cold saline solution for renal preservation.
Hemodynamic Evaluation of Suspected Severe Aortic Stenosis Leads to a Diagnosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lake Mikhailia , Tanawuttiwat Tanyanan , Bilsker Martin , De Marchena Eduardo
Published: February 2015

The evaluation of aortic stenosis is not always straightforward. When symptoms of severe aortic stenosis are present with supporting Doppler echocardiographic or cardiac catheterization data, replacement of the aortic valve is recommended. Occasionally, Doppler- and catheter-derived data are discordant; appropriate treatment in such cases becomes less clear.

We report a case in which a 66-year-old man's symptoms and Doppler data suggested severe aortic stenosis. However, heart catheterization data suggested otherwise, and ultimately it led to the diagnosis of a highly vascular renal tumor. Shunting within the tumor resulted in high cardiac output, which, in combination with a small aortic root, masqueraded as severe aortic stenosis.
Restoration of Renal Allograft Function via Reduced-Contrast Percutaneous Revascularization of Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis
Authors: Erwin Phillip A. , Goel Sachin S. , Gebreselassie Surafel , Shishehbor Mehdi H.
Published: February 2015

Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS), the most common vascular complication of kidney transplantation, can lead to heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, and irreversible dysfunction of the transplanted kidney. Percutaneous revascularization can improve outcomes in well-selected patients with symptomatic TRAS, but the intervention itself poses risk to the transplanted kidney because of the quantities of nephrotoxic contrast solution that often are used.

We report the case of a patient with TRAS who, 5 months after undergoing a kidney transplant, developed allograft dysfunction and heart failure that required hemodialysis. We performed angioplasty and stenting of the TRAS, using intravascular ultrasonography and fluoroscopy as our primary imaging methods. To minimize further damage to a potentially viable kidney, the volume of intravascular contrast medium used was trivial (a total of 9 cc). Revascularization of the patient's TRAS restored his renal function: within 4 weeks of the procedure, he no longer needed hemodialysis, and his heart failure symptoms had resolved. This case emphasizes the value of early definitive treatment of TRAS and the usefulness of intravascular ultrasonography to minimize the amount of contrast medium used in endovascular procedures.
Ochronotic Involvement of the Aortic and Mitral Valves in a 72-Year-Old Man
Authors: Atalay Atakan , Gocen Ugur , Basturk Yuksel , Kozanoglu Erkan , Yaliniz Hafize
Published: February 2015

Ochronosis, an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, causes an excess of homogentisic acid that results in adverse pigmentation, calcification, and inflammation of cartilaginous and other tissues. Cardiovascular abnormalities are less frequently reported than are other manifestations. In rare cases, ochronosis can cause valvular heart disease. We report the case of a 72-year-old man with aortic stenosis and mitral insufficiency who was diagnosed with ochronosis while undergoing surgical aortic and mitral valve replacement. We discuss the history and surgical management of alkaptonuric ochronosis.
Innovative Chimney-Graft Technique for Endovascular Repair of a Pararenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Galiñanes Edgar Luis , Hernandez-Vila Eduardo A. , Krajcer Zvonimir
Published: February 2015

After abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, progressive degeneration of the aneurysm can be challenging to treat. Multiple comorbidities and previous operations place such patients at high risk for repeat surgery. Endovascular repair is a possible alternative; however, challenging anatomy can push the limits of available technology.

We describe the case of a 71-year-old man who presented with a 5.3-cm pararenal aneurysm 4 years after undergoing open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. To avoid reoperation, we excluded the aneurysm by endovascular means, using visceral-artery stenting, a chimney-graft technique. Low-profile balloons on a monorail system enabled the rapid exchange of coronary wires via a buddy-wire technique. This novel approach facilitated stenting and simultaneous angioplasty of multiple visceral vessels and the abdominal aorta.
Gain Improvement of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using CLS Split Ring Resonator Metamaterial
Authors: Katiyar Pankaj Rameshchandra , Wan Mahadi Wan Nor Liza Binti
Published: February 2015

Metamaterials are artificial materials with negative permittivity and permeability. Metamaterials due to their unique negative parameter are capable of focusing the electromagnetic energy incident upon them. This focusing of electromagnetic energy is used to increase the gain of microstrip patch antenna. A capacitive loaded strip (CLS)-loaded split ring resonator is used to form a multilayer array of metamaterial and used in front of microstrip patch antenna to enhance far-field gain of antenna. An accurate simulation model is created and analyzed using CST. The simulated model is then fabricated and measured in fully anechoic chamber for validation. The far-field gain of regular patch antenna with and without metamaterial is measured in anechoic chamber. The increase in gain by 4 dB is measured at 95 mm from antenna. The beam focusing property is also evident from 3 dB beamwidth of antenna which is reduced to 42.01°.
Time–Frequency Distribution Analyses of Ku-Band Radar Doppler Echo Signals
Authors: Bujaković Dimitrije , Andrić Milenko , Bondžulić Boban , Mitrović Srđan , Simić Slobodan
Published: February 2015

Real radar echo signals of a pedestrian, vehicle and group of helicopters are analyzed in order to maximize signal energy around central Doppler frequency in time–frequency plane. An optimization, preserving this concentration, is suggested based on three well-known concentration measures. Various window functions and time–frequency distributions were optimization inputs. Conducted experiments on an analytic and three real signals have shown that energy concentration significantly depends on used time–frequency distribution and window function, for all three used criteria.
Comparison and Validation of Operational Cost in Smart Houses with the Introduction of a Heat Pump or a Gas Engine
Authors: Shimoji Tsubasa , Tahara Hayato , Matayoshi Hidehito , Yona Atsushi , Senjyu Tomonobu
Published: February 2015

Due to the concerns of global warming and the depletion of energy resources, renewable energies such as wind generation (WG) and photovoltaic generation (PV) are gaining attention in distribution systems. Efficient electric equipment such as heat pumps (HP) not only contribute low levels of carbon to society, but are also beneficial for consumers. In addition, gas instruments such as the gas engine (GE) and fuel cells (FC) are expected to reduce electricity cost by exhaust heat. Thus, it is important to clarify which systems (HP or GE) are more beneficial for consumers throughout the year. This paper compares the operational cost for the smart house between using the HP and the GE. Current electricity and gas prices are used to calculate the cost of the smart house. The system considered in this research comprises a PV, battery, solar collector (SC), uncontrolled load and either an HP or a GE. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, MATLAB is used for simulations.
Dynamically Induced Magnetic Moment of a Magnetic Dipole System
Authors: Shutyǐ Anatoliy Michailovich
Published: February 2015

The systems of three and four spherical bodies with the dipole magnetic moment have been investigated using a numerical analysis. It was shown that in the initial state with the zero total magnetic moment under the influence of the alternating magnetic field, various regimes of the induced magnetic moment including quasistatic states are established. Revealed are the significant differences between these regimes related to different systems. The magnitude and direction of the magnetic moment of the system, as well the states of dynamic bistability, have been investigated. The possibilities of the induced magnetic moment control due to the changes in amplitude or frequency of the alternating field have been considered.
Asymptotically Static Universe Dominated by Phantom Energy
Authors: El-Nabulsi Rami Ahmad
Published: February 2015

In this article, we investigated a generalised scalar field cosmology characterised by a time-dependent coupling function, a time-dependent cosmological constant, a chameleonic field, and a time-dependent equation of state parameter. Based on a particular choice of the Hubble parameter as function of the scalar field and its time derivative, we have investigated the dynamics of the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker flat universe. We have observed that for a particular choice of the free parameters in the theory, the universe accelerates with time and asymptotically tends toward a static universe. For specific values of the free parameters, the asymptotically static universe may be dominated by phantom energy or a cosmological constant without the need to implement in the theory multiple scalar fields or additional interactions. It is also pointed out that an asymptotically static universe is as well one special class of solutions for Horndeski and generalised galileons cosmologies. Special properties and features are discussed accordingly.
Electron g-Factor in Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Quantum Well with Parabolic Potential in the Presence of Rashba Effect and Magnetic Field
Authors: Babanlı Arif M. , Artunç Ekrem , Kasalak Turgut F.
Published: February 2015

We have studied the Rashba spin-orbital effect on a diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) quantum well with parabolic potential in the presence of a magnetic field parallel to the z axis, taking into account the Zeeman coupling and the s-d exchange interaction between the carriers and the magnetic ions. We have obtained an analytical expression for the electron energy spectrum, which depends on the magnetic ion concentration, temperature, and strength of magnetic field. By using the obtained energy spectrum, we calculated the electron effective g*-factor. We have found that effective g*-factor increases when the magnetic field increases; by increasing the strength of spin-orbit interaction, the electron g*-factor decreases and by increasing the temperature, the electron g*-factor increases.
Simulation of Ferrofluid Flow for Magnetic Drug Targeting Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Kandelousi Mohsen Sheikholeslami , Ellahi Rahmat
Published: February 2015

Influence of a spatially varying magnetic field on Fe3O4-plasma nanofluid flow in a vessel as a targeted drug delivery system is investigated. Combined effects of ferrohydrodynamic (FHD) and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) are considered in mathematic models. The lattice Boltzmann method is applied to solve the governing equations. Effects of active parameters, such as the Reynolds number and magnetic number on the flow characteristics, have been examined. Results indicate that the presence of the magnetic field affects considerably the flow field. Back flow occurs near the region where the magnetic source is located. Also, it can be found that the skin friction coefficient is a decreasing function of the Reynolds number and magnetic number.
Development of a Crutch Substitute for Mimicking Human Natural Walking Gait
Authors: Nina Robson  , Gabrielle Martinez  , Michael Villavecer  , Justin Chin  , Bryan Hollowayi  , Salar Nosratabadi  , Larry Tlilayatz
Published: February 2015

In order to resolve some of the disadvantages of conventional crutch designs, as well as some of the existing crutch-substitute devices, available on the market, a novel Exo-Limb crutch design is presented. The Exo-limb is a hands-free crutch meant to enhance and replace standard underarm crutches and other competitive products during injury rehabilitation. The focus of this research has been on creating a cost-effective passive device that mimics humans natural walking gait using purely mechanical components. Prior to the design, human natural treadmill walking was monitored by a 3D Motion Capture System and a reference end¢‚¬€œfoot trajectory with a ¢‚¬Ëœteardrop shape¢‚¬„¢ was acquired. Considering the design objectives, natural human walking and comfort, and other factors such as load capacity and weight of the device, the final design was determined. In order to satisfy the design objectives a kinematic synthesis, previously developed by one of the co-authors, is applied to test if the end¢‚¬€œfoot trajectory of the designed crutch substitute smoothly follows the desired reference, ¢‚¬Ëœteardrop shape¢‚¬„¢ in the vicinity of two specified task points, heel strike and toe off. A prototype of the final design was fabricated and its performance was tested by 2 mph treadmill walking. The research and developments made in this project with regard to mimicking the natural walking gait are important contributions that find applications in different areas, such as military, robotic locomotion, injury recovery and physical therapy.
Pediatric pancreatitis.Evidence based management guidelines of the Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group
Authors: Párniczky Andrea , Czakó László , Dubravcsik Zsolt , Farkas Gyula , Hegyi Péter , Hritz István , Kelemen Dezső , Morvay Zita , Oláh Attila , Pap Ákos , Sahin-Tóth Miklós , Szabó Flóra , Szentkereszti Zsolt , Szmola Richárd , Takács Tamás , Tiszlavicz László , Veres Gábor , Szücs Ákos , Lásztity Natália
Published: February 2015

Pediatric pancreatitis is a rare disease with variable etiology. In the past 10–15 years the incidence of pediatric pancreatitis has been increased. The management of pediatric pancreatitis requires up-to-date and evidence based management guidelines. The Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group proposed to prepare an evidence based guideline based on the available international guidelines and evidences. The preparatory and consultation task force appointed by the Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group translated and complemented and/or modified the international guidelines if it was necessary. In 8 topics (diagnosis; etiology; prognosis; imaging; therapy; biliary tract management; complications; chronic pancreatitis) 50 relevant clinical questions were defined. (Evidence was classified according to the UpToDate®grading system. The draft of the guidelines was presented and discussed at the consensus meeting on September 12, 2014. All clinical questions were accepted with total (more than 95%) agreement. The present Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group guideline is the first evidence based pediatric pancreatitis guideline in Hungary. This guideline provides very important and helpful data for tuition of pediatric pancreatitis in everyday practice and establishing proper finance and, therefore, the authors believe that these guidelines will widely serve as a basic reference in Hungary. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(8), 308–325.
Capacidade combinátoria de capim elefante com base em caracteres morfoagronômicos
Authors: Silva Vanessa Quitete Ribeiro da , Daher Rogério Figueiredo , Gravina Geraldo de Amaral , Ledo Francisco José da Silva , Tardin Flávio Dessaune , Souza Max Campos de
Published: February 2015

Devido ao grande potencial de produção de biomassa do capim elefante, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar genitores para geração de híbridos superiores. Para tanto, foram estimados os efeitos da capacidade geral de combinação (CGC) dos genitores e da capacidade específica de combinação (CEC) de híbridos de capim elefante por meio de análise dialélica adaptada a dialelos parciais. Foram avaliados 16 híbridos e oito genitores utilizando delineamento em blocos casualizados com três repetições. Verificou-se a presença de variabilidade genética entre os híbridos e genitores, com predominância do efeito gênico de dominância para a maioria das características. De forma geral, os melhores resultados na CGC são os genitores Taiwan A-144, Vruckwona Africana e Taiwan A-146. Os melhores cruzamentos com base na CEC são Taiwan A-144 x Taiwan A-146 e Pusa Napier nº2 x Mercker Santa Rita.
Promoter Islands in the Genome of E. coli: Comparative Analysis against AT-Rich Sequences
Authors: Glazunova O.A. , Kiselev S.S. , Shavkunov K.S. , Bykov A.A. , Panyukov V.V. , Ozoline O.N.
Published: February 2015

The functional properties of E. coli genome promoter islands, which are special regions with abnormally high contents of transcription signals, are compared to those of genomic areas, which are unusually rich in A/T-pairs. It was shown that computational sets of regions for both types partially overlap by certain criteria, while their functional properties are much alike. At the same time, promoter islands are characterized by a higher potential for synthesis of short oligonucleotides, as compared to AT-rich sequences. Such RNAs may be the target products of these unusual sites or byproducts of their suppressed state. The islands are richer in inverted repeats than AT-rich regions, and much richer compared with regular promoters. Considering that such structural elements commonly serve as targets for interactions with dimer or tetramer forms of regulatory proteins, it can be assumed that transcription initiation from island-embedded promoters is under control of the regulatory network of cells. Thus, the resulting RNA products might be required for normal cell functioning. This idea is also supported by experimentally confirmed high yield of oligonucleotide product from the island promoter inside the yjgL.
Exhumation constraints for the lower Nevado-Filabride Complex (Betic Cordillera, SE Spain): a Raman thermometry and Tweequ multiequilibrium thermobarometry approach
Authors: Augier Romain , Booth-Rea Guillermo , Agard Phillipe , Martínez-Martínez José Miguel , Jolivet Laurent , Azañón José Miguel
Published: February 2015

The HP/LT rocks of the Nevado-Filabride complex (eastern Betic Cordillera) were exhumed during the Serravallian but knowledge of their retrograde P-T evolution remains fragmentary and not established for all its tectonic units. The present paper places detailed constraints on the P-T evolution of the two deeper units of the Nevado-Filabride complex, namely the Ragua and the Calar Alto units in order to constrain their exhumation and the role of the km-thick Dos Picos shear zone separating them. Our approach uses both TWEEQU software multiequilibrium thermobarometry and Raman spectrometry thermometry. The study enables to [i] estimate the peak-temperature P-T conditions (c. 520°C) and then to establish the first P-T path of the Ragua unit, [ii] conclude that the Ragua and the Calar Alto units suffered comparable metamorphic evolutions with [iii] a well constrained HT excursion following a strong decompression characterised by limited heating. The study also enables to infer that the major Dos Picos shear zone was a post-metamorphic thrust occurring during the final retrogression stages. These results point to exhumation processes intermediate between those of syn– and post– orogenic contexts during the late evolution of the Betics.
Dental microwear of the late Miocene bovids of northern Greece: Vallesian/Turolian environmental changes and disappearance of Ouranopithecus macedoniensis?
Authors: Merceron Gildas , Bonis Louis de , Viriot Laurent , Blondel Cécile
Published: February 2015

This study deals with the paleoenvironmental changes in northern Greece during the late Vallesian and the early Turolian, before and after the last occurrence of the hominoid Ouranopithecus macedoniensis. Dental microwear of fossil bovids yields information on paleodiet; thus, inferences can be drawn about floristic composition and paleoenvironmental changes. The microwear pattern of the fossil species is compared with that of extant species from the database “Ungulates” (20 extant species and 471 wild-shot specimens) in a multivariate analysis. The bovids of the late Vallesian “Ravin de la Pluie” locality show a dental microwear pattern similar to that of the extant grazers. This attests to the presence of open landscapes with an important grassy herbaceous layer in northern Greece during the late Vallesian. The bovids from the early Turolian also grazed. Nevertheless, Tragoportax rugosifrons, which constitutes the largest sample from the Turolian “Ravin des Zouaves 5” locality, was a mixed feeder. These dietary adaptations indicate an environment of bushy and/or wooded areas with a grassy herbaceous layer. The abundance of the mixed feeders in the ungulate assemblage of this latter locality also points out strong seasonal fluctuations in food availabilities.