bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expression of Nerve Growth Factor and Its Receptor TrkA in the Reproductive System of Adult Zebrafish
Authors: Cacialli Pietro
Published: May 2022

Nerve growth factor (NGF), a member of the neurotrophin family, has emerged as an active mediator in different crucial events in the peripheral and central nervous system. At the same time, several studies showed that this neurotrophin can also play a role in non-neuronal tissues (e.g., among gonads). In spite of a large number of studies present in mammals, investigations devoted to NGF and its receptor TrkA in the reproductive system of other animal models, such as teleost fish, are scarce. To increase our knowledge of NGF and its receptor in a vertebrate gonads model, the present report describes the expression patterns of ngf and trka mRNA in the testis and ovary of adult zebrafish. By using chromogenic and fluorescence in situ hybridization, we demonstrate that in the testis of adult zebrafish, ngf and its receptor trka are mainly expressed in spermatogony B and spermatocytes. In the ovary of this fish, ngf and trka are expressed at different stages of oocyte development. Altogether, these results show that this neurotrophin and its receptor have an important role in the reproductive system that is conserved during vertebrate evolution.
The Hygienic Status of Different Forage Types for Horses—A Retrospective Study on Influencing Factors and Associations with Anamnestic Reports
Authors: Intemann Sandra , Reckels Bernd , Schubert Dana , Wolf Petra , Kamphues Josef , Visscher Christian
Published: May 2022

The hygienic quality of forage for horses is discussed as a potential health hazard, especially regarding respiratory diseases, colic, and hepatopathies. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible relations between microbiological counts, as well as endotoxin levels and disease symptoms. Data from microbiological examination reports were analyzed retrospectively, including the results of sensory examination, microbiological counts, and lipopolysaccharide contents. Sensory analysis gave an indication of deficiencies in microbiological analysis, but both methods did not give consistently equivalent results regarding the hygienic status of forage. The strongest agreements between sensory and microbiological findings were demonstrated in haylage regarding mold contamination. The influences of dry matter content on microbiological quality could be shown in haylage and hay, whereas this did not apply to straw. Deviations regarding molds and the detection of Aspergillus species occurred, especially in haylage, with values above 70% DM detected (39.6%, p=0.0021 and 47.2%, p = 0.0393). Aspergillus was detected more frequently, and average counts were higher in samples that were suspected to induce coughing in horses (p = 0.0118 and p = 0.0313, respectively). The results of the present study emphasize the importance of feed hygiene for equine respiratory health and the need for the microbiological examination of feedstuffs, since sensory analysis cannot provide an error-free prediction of microbial counts.
Монетарная политика России: негативный накопительный эффект в рамках неоклассической модели и его преодоление
Authors:   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Глазьев Сергей Юрьевич , Сухарев Олег Сергеевич ,   Институт экономики РАН,   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Афанасьева Оксана Николаевна ,   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова
Published: May 2022

Денежно-кредитная политика является важнейшим инструментом политики экономического роста, но влияние любого инструмента с течением времени может ослабляться или усиливаться. Это состояние обозначим как накопительный эффект денежно-кредитной политики. Целью исследования выступает определение накопительного эффекта денежно-кредитной политики, с выявлением результативности ее мер в обеспечении роста российской экономики. Методологию исследования составляет монетарная теория, структурный анализ денежной массы, принцип «цели-инструменты» экономической политики и корреляционно-регрессионный анализ, позволяющие выявить наличие накопительного эффекта денежно-кредитной политики, определить ее влияние на релевантные макроэкономические цели: рост ВВП и инфляцию. Результат исследования состоит в применении введенных показателей чувствительности целей макрополитики к инструментам денежно-кредитной политики, представляющих картину ослабления влияния денежно-кредитной политики на рост российской экономики. Увеличивающаяся монетизация сопровождалась, в частности, снижением темпа роста российской экономики, развертыванием рецессии, последствия которой сказываются на динамике экономического развития, сохраняя жесткий вариант денежно-кредитной политики – при повышении ключевой процентной ставки. Структурный анализ денежной массы по агрегату М2 позволил выявить те компоненты, которые при увеличении тормозят рост и снижают инфляцию, а также определить тесноту связи процентной ставки с изменяющимися компонентами денежной массы. Оценка накопительного эффекта денежно-кредитной политики по двум целям макроэкономического развития – росту и инфляции, и двум инструментам монетарной политики – денежной массе М2 и ключевой процентной ставке, подтвердила наличие отрицательного накопительного эффекта политики для цели роста и положительный накопительный эффект – по уровню инфляции. Для двух целей сразу положительный накопительный эффект монетарной политики подтверждается только для периода 2016-2018 гг. на интервале 2001-2020 гг. Тем самым денежно-кредитная политика, во-первых, обеспечивала сдерживание инфляции вне связи с ростом, во-вторых, обеспечивала по разным целям различные накопительные эффекты – за счет разной чувствительности цели к инструментам. Перспектива исследования видится в создании некоего агрегированного показателя, который бы позволял учесть общее влияние на динамику всего набора мер денежно-кредитной политики, а не раздельно по целям и инструментам, как представлено в настоящем исследовании.
Использование инструментов экономической безопасности в государственных учреждениях
Authors:   Московский областной филиал Московского университета МВД России имени В.Я. Кикотя, Попов Юрий Иванович
Published: May 2022

Экономическая безопасность является комплексной системой, поскольку включает в себя все стороны управления, направленные на предупреждение кризисов и банкротств, а также иных негативных явлений, сказывающихся на стабильности состояния любого субъекта экономики. При этом немалая роль экономической безопасности принадлежит и государственным учреждениями, которые также, как и коммерческие организации ведут свою деятельность в условиях нестабильности внешней среды. В статье приводится комплексный анализ особенностей экономической безопасности в государственных учреждениях, исследованы инструменты, поддерживающие ее, выявлены направления обеспечения безопасности и их влияние на функционирование современных государственных учреждений. Сделан вывод, что государственные учреждения нуждаются в эффективном построении рассматриваемой системы, которая включает в себя кадровую, финансовую, ресурсную и информационную составляющие.
Working Together for Soil Health: Liberating Structures for participatory learning in Extension
Authors: McFarland Carol , Friedrichsen Claire , Tao Haiying , Friesen Maren
Published: May 2022

Liberating Structures (LS) provide a user-friendly toolkit to shift group power dynamics and allow all stakeholders to contribute. We explored the novel use of LS in soil health extension to conduct high-engagement events with diverse stakeholders. Our goals were to promote social learning, networking, and to encourage innovation. Soil health themes emerged highlighting specific practices, and the necessity of addressing broader scope issues of education, economics, and policy. Participants reported increased knowledge of soil health, professional connections, and forecasted participation in soil-health-promoting activities. Participants also expressed a sense of community, expanded perspectives, and appreciation of the co-development process.
Economic Implications of the Mexican Fruit Fly Infestation in Texas
Authors: Zapata Samuel
Published: May 2022

The Texas citrus industry is threatened by the presence of Mexican fruit fly. The objective of this study was to estimate the economic losses caused by this invasive pest. Economic impact is estimated in terms of loss in revenue and increase in operating costs. Under current quarantined areas and pest management strategies, the Texas citrus industry could experience an annual economic loss of $5.79 million. The analysis was extended to evaluate the economic impact associated with different quarantined area scenarios. This article can be used to increase awareness and adapted to estimate the economic impact of emerging invasive pest outbreaks.
Use of Hydrogen as Energy Source: A Literature Review
Authors: Luiz Sampaio Athayde Neto  , Leonardo Reis de Souza  , Pedro Bancillon Ventin Muniz  , Júlio César Chaves Câmara
Published: May 2022

Hydrogen is a promising alternative to meet the world's energy demand, presenting many uses. Fuel cells are the most well-known use in automobiles. But Synthetic fuels is also an promissing alternative. Studies have shown the use of hydrogen as a fuel additive in internal combustion engines. This article aims to present a review of how hydrogen is used as a fuel source, as a replacement option for fossil fuels, reducing the environmental impact and CO2 emissions. Finally, in this review, some advantages and disadvantages will be preseted.
DIVERSIDAD MORFOLÓGICA DE CALABAZA CULTIVADA EN EL CENTRO-ORIENTE DE YUCATÁN, MÉXICO
Authors: Canul-Ku Jaime , Ramírez-Vallejo Porfirio , Castillo-González Fernando , Chávez-Servia José Luis
Published: May 2022

La variabilidad actual de la calabaza en el sistema milpa en Yucatán ha sido escasamente estudiada. Se caracterizaron 36 poblaciones nativas de calabaza cultivadas en el centro-oriente de Yucatán, de las especies C. moschata (26) y C. argyrosperma (10), durante el 2003 en Yaxcabá, Yucatán, asociadas con una variedad de maíz (Zea mays L.) tipo “Xnuc Nal” sembrada a 40 000 plantas/ha. Las poblaciones se distribuyeron en un diseño látice simple, con parcela útil de 8 plantas (72 m2 ), a una distancia de 3 m entre plantas; el experimento se condujo con base en las prácticas regionales. Características cualitativas (11) y cuantitativas (14) de planta, fruto y semilla fueron analizadas con componentes principales, correspondencia simple y conglomerados. Ambas especies se separaron con base en sus características morfológicas en forma clara; y dentro de cada especie se formaron subgrupos con características diferenciales. Largo, ancho y peso de 100 semillas, días a floración femenina, grosor de pulpa, y largo y ancho de fruto explicaron mayormente la variación cuantitativa; lóbulo de la hoja, forma longitudinal del fruto e intensidad del moteado de la hoja explicaron mayormente la variación cualitativa. Las poblaciones de C. moschata se caracterizaron por tener semillas pequeñas de margen delgado, precocidad de intermedia a tardía, diferentes formas y tamaños de fruto con mesocarpio grueso y abundante pubescencia en el tallo. En contraste, las poblaciones de C. argyrosperma son más precoces, de semillas más grandes con margen grueso, frutos redondos de tamaño pequeño a mediano y escasa pubescencia en el tallo.
NUTRICIÓN DE PLANTAS DE Dendranthema grandiflora OBTENIDAS in vitro DURANTE SU ACLIMATACIÓN EN INVERNADERO
Authors: Enríquez-del Valle José Raymundo , Velásquez-Toro Beatriz , Vallejo-Fuentes Alejandra Rosalba , Velasco-Velasco Vicente Arturo
Published: May 2022

Plantas de crisantemo obtenidas in vitro a partir de ápices de tallo, se transfirieron a invernadero con radiación solar reducida a 50 % y humedad relativa alta, bajo una cubierta cerrada de polietileno transparente e iluminación incandescente de 100 W m-2 por 4 h en las noches. Durante las cinco semanas de aclimatación se hicieron dos experimentos: en el primero las plantas se sometieron a 15 tratamientos consistentes de cinco mezclas de sustratos (100: 0, 75: 25, 50: 50, 25: 75 y 0: 100 de perlita y tierra de monte) y tres formas de fertilización (sin fertilizar; fertilizante con 22.5 g N- 3.35 g P y 31.3 g K por m3 de sustrato; y fertirriego con 360 mg L-1 N, 12 mg L-1 P y 520 mg L-1 K). La adaptación de las plantas fue de 95 % y el mayor crecimiento se logró en el sustrato con mayor contenido de materia orgánica, al alcanzar 10.5 cm de altura, 1.9 mm de diámetro de tallo, 26 hojas y 620 mg de biomasa. En el segundo experimento las plantas se establecieron en macetas con una mezcla de arena-vermiculita, y se fertigaron diariamente con seis niveles (1, 25, 50, 75, 100 y 125 %) de la solución universal de Steiner. Todas las plantas se adaptaron; las que recibieron la solución nutritiva a 125 %, con 171.6 mg L-1 N, 38.3 mg L-1 P, 393.9 mg L-1 K, 175.8 mg L-1 Ca, 26.8 mg L-1 Mg y 93.1 mg L-1 S, y las que recibieron la solución nutritiva a 1 %, tuvieron 5.3 y 4.1 cm de altura, 1.9 y 1.7 mm de diámetro de tallo, 18.9 y 9.4 hojas, 27 y 5.9 cm2 de área foliar, 565 y 231 mg de biomasa, 2.4 y 1.7 % de N en las hojas, así como 1.45 y 1.15 mg de clorofila g-1 de peso fresco foliar, respectivamente.
Raoultella planticola pneumonia in a patient with critical COVID-19
Authors: Martínez Montalvo Carlos Mauricio , Rojas Kozhakin Daniel Valery , Villamil Forero María Alejandra , Rodríguez Giraldo Mateo , Montenegro Vargas José Gabriel , Cabal Natalia
Published: May 2022

Raoultella planticola is a bacterium that has been recently described in the literature as an emerging pathogen that causes urinary, abdominal, and lung infections. We present the case of a 63-year-old overweight and with dyslipidemia that was hospitalized because of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. He developed R. planticola and E. aerogenes superinfections. He was treated with cefepime for seven days, and he recovered uneventfully.
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Wortel terhadap Daya Terima dan Kandungan Gizi Nugget Ikan Kakap Putih (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Syadiah Essa Annisa , Riska Riska , Adelina Fitrah
Published: May 2022

Nugget sebagai produk makanan siap saji merupakan kebutuhan masyarakat yang memiliki aktivitas yang tinggi. Ikan Kakap Putih (Lates calcarifer) merupakan salah satu sumber protein hewani yang kaya akan nutrisi. Tepung wortel dalam makanan adalah kreasi sederhana dari kandungan sayuran. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis daya terima dan kandungan gizi nugget ikan kakap putih dengan variasi proporsi penambahan tepung wortel. Penelitian ini merupakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor dengan 4 perlakuan 3 kali ulangan pada berbagai tingkat penambahan tepung wortel (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%). Parameter yang diamati adalah warna, rasa, aroma, tekstur sebagai aspek organoleptik dan kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, protein. Jumlah responden sebanyak 50 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan nyata terhadap (p > 0,05) nilai gizi (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, protein) dan sifat organoleptik (warna, rasa, aroma, tekstur). Hasil perlakuan terbaik dari parameter yang diuji adalah jenis penambahan tepung wortel 20%. Dengan hasil analisis organoleptik atribut aroma, tekstur, warna dan rasa secara berturut – turut (3,33), (4,05), (4,03) and (4,02). Analisis kandungan gizi berupa kadar air sebesar 51,44%, kadar abu 1,16%, kadar lemak 15,63% dan 14,22% protein dan 19,62% karbohidrat.
Kandungan Pigmen dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Rumput Laut Ulva dan Caulerpa
Authors: Samad Gadis Purnama , Sanger Grace , Kaseger Bertie Elias , Salindeho Netty , Montolalu Roike I , Makapedua Daisy Monica
Published: May 2022

Rumput laut merupakan salah satu sumber daya hayati yang terdapat di wilayah pesisir, terutama di pantai yang mempunyai rataan terumbu karang. Rumput laut mempunyai tiga jenis pigmen utama, yaitu klorofil, karotenoid, dan fikosianin. Setiap jenis pigmen mempunyai berbagai manfaat khusus bagi kesehatan seperti antioksidan, antibakteri, antikolestrol, pembengkakan, antikanker, antiperadangan dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan pigmen dan aktivitas antioksidan rumput laut ulva dan caulerpa. Rumput laut lalu di ekstraksi  menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut alkohol 96%. Analisis dalam penelitian ini terdirri dari : Klorofil a, klorofil b, total klorofil dan aktivitas antioksidan dengan menggunakan DPPH. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa rumput laut caulerpa memiliki kadar pigmen lebih tinggi yaitu total klorofil 12,96 mg/L sedangkan rumput laut ulva total klorofilnya yaitu 6,79 mg/L. Antivitas antioksidan tertinggi adalah rumput laut caulerpa dengan IC50 1,70 ppm sedangkan rumput laut ulva IC50 2.32 ppm
SYNTHESIS OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS BASED ON ANALYSIS OF MODERN COMPLEX RESEARCH OF SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Khalmurzaeva E.B. , Abdukarimov T.J.
Published: May 2022

The article presents a list of possible design solutions, synthesized on the basis of modern foreign experience in interior design and analysis of comprehensive studies of the school environment, taking into account the impact of the environment on learning outcomes.
APPLICATION OF IT FOR THE DESIGN OF THERMAL PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS IN THE REGIONS OF THE COUNTRY
Authors: Manapbaev I.K. , Kutuev M.D.
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the problems of ensuring thermal protection of buildings in the conditions of the Kyrgyz Republic. Analyzed the main barriers to the implementation of energy conservation policy and energy security in the country. The main directions of thermal protection from the point of view of the ecological and economic essence, the conditions for ensuring the energy efficiency of the designed and reconstructed buildings in the regions of the Kyrgyz Republic have been investigated. The main factors hindering the implementation of these tasks in practice are considered.
The main stages of software development for thermal calculation of building envelopes are listed. Mathematical models have been selected for the optimal design of building envelopes, taking into account the climatic features of the construction area. The choice of the C ++ programming language as a programming tool is thoroughly analyzed and substantiated. The prerequisites for creating software for determining the feasibility of using a certain set of heat-insulating materials for enclosing structures have been established.
KYRGYZ NOMADIC ECONOMY IN THE PRE-REWOLUTIONARY PERIOD (ON THE THEORY AND HISTORY OF THE ISSUE)
Authors: Arzymatova A.A. , Esenbaeva A.S. , Arzymatov A.T.
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the debatable problems of the Kyrgyz nomadic economy in the prerevolutionary period. In particular, to what type of production does the Kyrgyz nomadic and pastoral economy belong: to small-scale production of the feudal or capitalist type? These problems are among the fundamental ones in the historiography of the economic history of Kyrgyzstan, in terms of determining the objective and subjective prerequisites for the industrial revolution in the region, that is, the Great October Socialist Revolution; the article puts forward a hypothesis about the absence of not only capitalist, but even its rudimentary elements. Consequently, a national working class was not formed as the driving force of the socialist revolution, while the opposite was stated in Soviet historical science. The study applied the method of objectivism, i.e. a theoretical and practical analysis of the reality of the Kyrgyz nomadic society at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries was carried out through the methodological content analysis of the Leninist theory of the development of Russian capitalism in depth and in breadth, since it was Vladimir Lenin who gave a specific methodological analysis of the political and economic state of the Turkestan region, traced the process of development of capitalism in Russia in breadth, and the ways of the decomposition of feudalism in colonially dependent regions, outlined the features of the initial accumulation of capital in the colonies. Also, in the article, to solve the problems posed, a systematic method was applied with the help of which the main stages of the development of Russian capitalism were traced - home crafts or home industry, manufactory, factory stage. As a result, the authors of the article came to the following conclusions: the capitalist way of life in Kyrgyzstan had not developed by the eve of the October Revolution. But, the process of decomposition of patriarchal-feudal relations began, bypassing the stage of development, and the factor of this was the Russian capitalism introduced from the outside, and not the internal forces of the Kyrgyz society and economy; Kyrgyz crafts, i.e. domestic industry, were of a natural, noncommodity nature, which means that the Kyrgyz nomadic economy was not a capitalist type of economy; in view of the absence of a capitalist structure in the Kyrgyz society, the objective and subjective prerequisites for the October Socialist Revolution were not formed.
FACTORS AND CONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF SPEECH COMPETENCE OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE PRACTICAL RUSSIAN LANGUAGE COURSE
Authors: Khasanov N.B.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study is to reveal the factors and conditions for the formation of speech competence in the practical course of the Russian language at a technical university. The article focuses on the need to update the content of the professional training of future specialists in the formation of speech competencies in the preparation of bachelor students of a technical profile in the Russian language classes. Scientific novelty lies in the practical development of students' language skills in their professional field. As a result of the study, the need for motivation in the study of the Russian language and its ways to captivate students with the Russian language were substantiated.
STUDY OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CERAMIC COMPOSITE BASED ON WASTE OF BASALT FIBER PRODUCTION
Authors: Aydaraliev Zh. K. , Kainazarov A.T. , Abdykalyk kyzy Zhypargul
Published: May 2022

The use of accumulated waste from the production of basalt fibers from local raw materials in the production of composite materials contributes to the rational use of natural basalt and forms an additional raw material base. In this work, waste products from the production of basalt fibers, having a fractional composition with sizes less than 0,315 mm, were used as a composite filler. Using the plastic molding method, prototypes of ceramic composites based on waste products from the production of basalt fibers were obtained. Further, by the methods of physical and technical tests, an experimental study was carried out to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting composite material. The method of least squares was used to process the experimental data obtained as a result of physical and technical tests of the samples. It has been established that the strength of the ceramic composite increases with the maximum amount of waste of the basalt melt fractions less 0,315mm and high firing temperature.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ENERGY EFFICIENT THREE-LAYER REINFORCED CONCRETE WALL PANELS WITH FLEXIBLE LAYER CONNECTIONS
Authors: Sarbaeva N.M. , Melibaev S.Zh. , Iminov B.
Published: May 2022

The connections between the panels are the most critical structural elements that determine the performance of the building. The article highlights the results of testing the strength of flexible ties of three-layer reinforced concrete exterior wall panels with expanded polystyrene insulation by the static method. Studies were carried out on the mutual shift of the outer layer of the panel in relation to the inner one when testing concrete layers in accordance with the control values.
The results of the experimental studies have shown that the use of metal flexible connections to connect the outer and inner layers of three-layer wall panels with insulation provides strength and reliability of structures under static loads. The tested three-layer reinforced concrete exterior wall panels, designed for large-panel housing construction of the 105 series, fully comply with safety requirements during operation.
Smart Monitoring and Control of Bus Stand and Goods Transport System Activity using Cloud Computing
Authors:   Professor, KCES’s COEIT, Jalgaon, Rane* Kantilal P , Vikhar Pradnya ,   Assistant Professor, KCES’s COEIT, Jalgaon,, Chaudharu Bupendra ,   Senior Lecturer, Government Polytechnic, Jalgaon,
Published: May 2022

This work focuses on the, implementation and validation of smart public transport system as well as goods transport system based on the application of GPS (Global Positioning System) technology, GSM (Global system for mobile communication) using Cloud computing. This system has been distributed into four modules as In-Bus/truck module, Bus/truck-stand module, cloud system and user mobile apps. After initialization of In-Bus/truck module, driver gets the information regarding to the platform availability on parking zone that are assigned to it. If the platform is vacant then driver needs to park the bus/truck at said position only. The drivers may get allotted or waiting parking platform’s information through SMS or on Drivers app. The GSM integrated GPS technology can also be used to get the current location of vehicles and the available vacant seats or vacant space in truck. This information will be recorded automatically by the system. IOT module ESP12E NODEMCU is used for controlling and handling whole operations by collecting the data. This system will also guide the drivers and the bus/truck stand controller to control all vacant ports based on real time operation. One In-Bus/truck module (configured along ESP12E) needs to be installed into each vehicle to be monitored. One Bus/truck-stand module has to be installed in to each platform. Cloud system is needed to collect the whole data for big public/goods transport systems for automation of 1000s of vehicles at a time. ThingSpeak cloud is used and computing is performed by MATLAB computing. For late running, on-time running and before time running vehicles, messages are automatically sent regarding to its location and vacant seats/space. And will be displayed on rolling board on platform. Passenger/user may get the correct information by sending message on his mobile from anywhere through mobile app. Mobile app is developed to perform all the task of monitoring to passenger/user, and drivers.
On the construction of Harbin's geographical space in Chi Zijian's “Snow Crow”
Authors:   The Society For Chinese Humanities In Korea, . .
Published: May 2022

The novel “Snow Crow”, written by female writer Chi Zijian from northeastern China, was published in 2010. It is loved by readers because of its regional writing language and content. The story was based on the geographic space of Harbin in 1910, and the historical context throughout that era was the Great Plague outbreak. By carefully drawing a map of the modern city of Harbin, and depicting the lives of the Fu Jiadian people as well as foreign residents before and after the plague, it shows the writer's unique perspective on the society confronting an unprecedented pandemic. In recent years, because of the impacts of COVID-19, Chi's “Snow Crow” has once again caught the public‘s attention. This paper, in accordance with the principle of “Inside and Outside”, which was proposed by Liang Zongdai for literary appreciation and literary criticism, draws on the disciplinary theory of literary geography. Furthermore, combined with the specific literature, it discusses how the effects of geographical attribute to cultural creation, and analyses the influence of geographical environment on Chi's novels. Moreover, this paper investigates multiple Spaces of Harbin 100 years ago constructed in “Snow Crow” from three aspects: the real and unreal urban space, the exotic space under multi-culture, and the color space full of metaphor. This paper makes a comprehensive investigation of the urban development and evolution history of Harbin, revealing the creation value of “Snow Crow” and its literary significance, in order to make up for a lack of studies on regional literature in the northeast to some extent.
A Cross-National Investigation of Cultural Representations in Iranian and Turkish ELT Coursebooks
Authors: Dolgunsöz Emrah , YİĞİT Monireh Azimzadeh
Published: May 2022

Acquiring second/foreign language competence inherits target culture knowledge and awareness. In this regard, English Language Teaching (ELT) coursebooks play a significant role in culture acquisition especially in an English as a foreign language (EFL) context in which learners have little or no opportunity to practice English outside the classroom. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the cultural content of local EFL textbooks used in two Muslim countries; Iran and Turkey. Kachru’s concentric model was used to explore cultural contents of Iranian and Turkish 9th grade EFL coursebooks and the data was analyzed through content analysis. Results showed that the Iranian coursebook was vastly filled with native culture along with a few subjects from expanding circle countries such as Russia and China. On the other hand, the main cultural focus of the Turkish EFL coursebook was inner-circle countries while little emphasis was made on native culture. The results were discussed in terms of intercultural competence and material design in the EFL context.
GLOBAL CHALLENGES OF THE WORLD
Authors:   georgian technical university
Published: May 2022

The paper highlights the challenges of the modern global world in various areas of human activity. Global challenges of humanity and the prospects of socio-economic development of the modern world, the main directions of social policy in the world and regional social policy, issues of limiting public governance through constitutional control, new academic values ​​and the perspectives of strategic development of the university education, as well as the challenges of national specifics of higher education, the opportunities of inclusive school education etc. have been analyzed in the paper. Particular attention is paid to the problems of economic challenges, taking into account the trends in the development of modern economic policy. The impact of the Covid-Pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war on political and economic processes as well as specific managerial decisions and common challenges such as world hunger, childcare, the role of small countries in international conflict resolution, disability issues, money laundering, terrorism, etc. have been analyzed in details. The recommendations developed in the paper will be useful for theorists and practitioners dealing with the fields of politics, economics and social relations and studying the global political-economic challenges of the modern world.
COLORECTAL CANCER IN YOUNG ADULTS: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Santhi B. , Thirunavukkarasu S. , Ramalingam Gopinath
Published: May 2022

Introduction & Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a frequent tumor in adults, it rarely occurs before
the age of 25 years, with an annual incidence of only 1-2 cases per 10,00,000 people, accounting for only
about 80 cases per year worldwide. Overall incidence of CRC involving hepatic exure is 2%, ascending colon is 5%, sigmoid
colon is 21% which is very rare in young age group. Herein we report a 3 rare cases of CRC in young adults less than 25 years of
age involving hepatic exure, ascending colon and sigmoid colon respectively.
Case Description:
Case 1: A 20 year-old male presented with complaints of abdominal distension and constipation for 1 week and loss of weight
for 1 month. Patient had no comorbities and no family history of malignancy. CECT done showed an asymmetric wall
thickening involving proximal transverse colon with signicant luminal narrowing. He underwent emergency laparotomy and
intra operatively patient had a growth at hepatic exure of colon with dilated ascending colon, caecum and distal ileum and
multiple enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. He was proceeded with right hemicolectomy with ileo transverse anastomosis. Post
operative histopathology revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma involving hepatic exure.
Case 2: A 25 year-old female was hospitalized due to com plaint s of abdominal pain for 3 months, lower abdomen mass for 1
month and melena for the past 15 days and loss of weight and appetite. Patient had no comorbities and no family history of
malignancy. CECT done showed a suspicious wall thickening involving ascending colon. The patient was taken up for
laparotomy and per operative ndings showed a ulceroproliferative growth involving ascending colon. Patient was proceeded
with right hemicolectomy with ileo transverse anastomosis. Post operative histopathology revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma
involving ascending colon.Case 3: A 22 year-old male was admitted for comp laint s of lower abdominal pain for 4 months,
bleeding per rectum on and off for 1 month and abdomen distension and constipation for 5 days and loss of weight and
appetite. Patient had no comorbities and no family history of malignancy. CECT done showed a circumferential wall thickening
involving sigmoid colon. Hence the patient was proceeded for emergency laparotomy and per operative ndings showed a
stenosing growth involving sigmoid colon. Patient was proceeded with Hartmann's procedure. Post operative histopathology
revealed adenocarcinoma involving sigmoid colon.
Conclusion: Within a young group, CRC is usually diagnosed later andpotentially associated with worst prognosis. Detecting
CRC at an early, more treatable stage is important for cure and survival. This report suggest a greater suspicion rate and early
screening that necessary when evaluating young patients with common symptoms.
Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man, Golden Ratio and Anthropometrics
Authors: Alzyoud Jihad A. M. , Jacoub Khaldun M. , Omoush Samya A. , Al-Shudiefat Abd Al-Rahman S.
Published: May 2022

Objectives: Divine golden ratio (Phi = 1.618) observed in several human body parts such as, heart, dentition and upper limb tends to present homeostasis in anatomy and physiology. This cross sectional survey study investigates the relationship of golden ratio with BMI, GPA, gender and blood serotypes in Jordan.

Methods: Demographic features including GPA, body weight, lengths of some body parts and ABO/Rh blood groups were measured for 380 undergraduate students of matched age (19.14±0.76) and matched sex ratio. Navel-Foot/Height, Forearm-Hand/Armpit-hand and BMI were calculated. Golden ratio fitness was calculated based on phi and standard deviation of collected data.

Results showed significant gender differences in the means for all body lengths measured, GPA, BMI, and calculated ratios. Golden ratio fitted bodies students were 40.5% (Females > males). The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15% (females < males), while 80% (females > males) have normal weight. Among the overweight and obese students 77.2% (44/57, females less than males) lies outside the golden ratio. The overall prevalence of GPA grades above good were 51.3% (females > males) and among them 47.7% (93/195, females > males) fit golden ratio while 67.2% of the good or below GPA grades (121/180, females < males) did not fit golden ratio. No significant difference between ABO-Rh system related to gender or golden ratio fitness. Statistically, a significant association was found between golden ratio and the three parameters BMI, GPA and gender.

Conclusions: Students who are golden ratio fitted bodies were more likely to have better BMI and GPA especially females.
Maternal and Child Health Network Policy Report 1: Welfare Grants in Pregnancy and Early Childhood
Authors:   University of Glasgow, Emma Stewart
Published: May 2022

No abstract available
FORMAS SIMPLES E PERIFRÁSTICAS DE PRETÉRITO MAIS-QUE-PERFEITO DO INDICATIVO E DE PRETÉRITO IMPERFEITO DO SUBJUNTIVO EM VARIAÇÃO
Authors: Coan Márluce , Sousa Francisco José Gomes de , Romualdo Laila Cavalcante
Published: May 2022

Via análise de 837 dados de 1887 a 2012, provenientes de revistas históricas do Instituto do Ceará, mostramos como a forma de pretérito mais-que-perfeito simples foi perdendo espaço ao imperfeito do subjuntivo na codificação da função conjuntiva, especializando-se em contextos bastante restritos, especialmente aqueles nos quais há verbo de estado, dicendi ou modal, bem como ausência de conector. Ademais, seu principal nicho de ocorrência é a sincronia de 1887 a 1899. Em análise global, os dados estão assim distribuídos: 39 dados de pretérito mais-que-perfeito simples, 609 dados de pretérito imperfeito do subjuntivo, 85 de pretérito mais-que-perfeito composto do subjuntivo, 11 de perífrase verbal do mais-que-perfeito simples do indicativo e 93 de perífrase verbal do pretérito imperfeito do subjuntivo. Em termos teóricos, aludimos a dois dos princípios de mudança propostos por Weinreich, Labov e Herzog (1968): transição e restrições. Mostramos o cenário de transição, ao considerarmos tendências de uso de cada uma das formas sob análise por sincronia: 1887-1899; 1944-1956 e 2000-2012, bem como restrições de uso, ao mapearmos contextos de ocorrência por tipo verbal, uso de conector, polaridade, tipo oracional, gênero textual e sincronia. Trata-se de empreitada que possibilita mais conhecimento sobre a gramática do Português e sobre a história da língua, por mostrar como certas mudanças foram consolidadas, que fatores contribuíram e quais são, ainda, os contextos de resistência.

Palavras-chave: função conjuntiva, pretérito mais-que-perfeito, pretérito imperfeito do subjuntivo.
PRETÉRITO IMPERFEITO (INDICATIVO/SUBJUNTIVO): ANÁLISE VARIACIONISTA DA FUNÇÃO DE COTEMPORALIDADE A UM PONTO DE REFERÊNCIA PASSADO NO FALAR POPULAR DE FORTALEZA
Authors: Araújo Alexandra Maria de Castro e Santos , Rocha Francion Maciel
Published: May 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a variação entre o pretérito imperfeito do indicativo e o pretérito imperfeito do subjuntivo na função de cotemporalidade a um ponto de referência no passado, sob o aparato teórico-metodológico da Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 2008) e do Funcionalismo (GIVÓN, 2001; 1993). Foram analisados trinta e seis informantes do NORPOFOR (Norma Popular de Fortaleza), distribuídos em células ortogonais por sexo, faixa etária e escolaridade. Localizamos, nos inquéritos, 123 dados, sendo 74 de imperfeito do indicativo e 49 de imperfeito do subjuntivo, os quais foram testados mediante os seguintes grupos de fatores: tipo de oração subordinada; tipo de verbo da oração principal; presença/ausência de advérbio ou locução adverbial na oração principal; presença/ausência de locução verbal na subordinada; sexo; faixa etária e escolaridade. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a oração subordinada substantiva e os verbos cognitivos na oração principal motivam o uso do imperfeito do indicativo.

Palavras-Chave: Tempo. Variação. Cotemporalidade. Ponto de referência.
A Robust Control of D-STATCOM for Voltage Stability
Authors: Midhuna A. , Baskaran K.
Published: May 2022

Power Quality enhancement is a major topic among researchers as the usage of non-linear loads has increased vastly. The purpose of this work is to maintain constant DC link voltage in hybrid energy system which contains Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) and Photovoltaic (PV) system. Among the various available Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices, Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) provides better voltage stability with Voltage Source Converter (VSC). LUO converter is used, as it has excellent voltage-gain ratio. The utilization of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) as Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) assures controlled output and supports the extraction of complete power from the PV panel. This work evaluates the performance of the proposed inverter through MATLAB simulation.
Performance Analysis of Isolated Bridgeless SEPIC Converter for EV Battery Charging
Authors: Vinothini K. , Maruthupandi P.
Published: May 2022

The conventional Electric Vehicle(EV) battery charging systems with power factor correction circuits have limitations due to conduction losses present in the input side bridge rectifiers. This paper presents a Bridgeless Isolated Single-Ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC) with improved power factor and reduced THD to increase performance. Throughout the charging time of the Electrical Vehicle, the input side maintains a near-unity power factor. Because the DBR is eliminated, the current is conducted through a smaller number of devices, resulting in considerable reductions in conduction losses. This optimizes the charging system's efficiency in alternative to the existing BL SEPIC converter. A constant current/constant voltage controlling mode is used to charge the EV battery, which delivers good results in terms of intrinsic PFC and decreased THD, hence increasing the charging performance of this system.
Split-Capacitor Five-Level Transformerless Grid Connected Single Phase PV System using Level Shifted PWM Technique
Authors: Manikandan P. , Maruthupandi P.
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes Level shifted Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) methods for single phase transformerless Multi Level Inverter (MLI). Many of the existing topologies have high variations in Common Mode Voltage (CMV) and high leakage current. The proposed topology with level shifted PWM technique for five level single phase MLI, reduces the variations in CMV, minimizes the leakage current according to VDE0126-1-1 standard and the reduced number of switches makes the losses less than the conventional topologies. This topology reduces the current THD. Finally, simulations are carried in MATLAB/Simulink for different inverter topologies.
A Sea Change in Creditor Priorities
Authors: van de Biezenbos Kristen
Published: May 2022

This Article argues that the operation of maritime law undermines a primary justification for creditor priorities under U.S. law. Under current law, when a debtor becomes insolvent, its secured creditors will be paid the full amount of their debt to the extent of their security interest, even if that leaves nothing to pay unsecured creditors. This is controversial with respect to involuntary unsecured creditors, particularly those with tort claims against the debtor. Defenders of this scheme of priorities have argued that allowing greater priority to involuntary creditors would hinder the availability or increase the cost of credit. However, involuntary creditors have long enjoyed priority over secured creditors under maritime law, and it does not appear that firms subject to maritime law have experienced these effects. Experience with this priority scheme under maritime law may provide support for efforts to reform current U.S. law to give greater priority to involuntary creditors more generally.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS SALEP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BUNGA KERTAS (BOUGAINVILLEA GLABRA) TERHADAP LUKA EKSISI PADA TIKUS JANTAN PEMBANDING POVIDONE IODINE SALEP
Authors: Simorangkir Delisma
Published: May 2022

The wound is a physical injury that results in tears and damage to skin tissue. One type of wound is excision wound, excision wound is of the a wound that is caused by cutting tissue by sharp object scratches. The main goal in wound management is to achieve rapid healing with optimal function and good results. That can be achieved by preventing further infection and trauma with the availability of an environment that can optimize the healing of the wound. One plant that has the potential to heal wounds is the paper petal plant. The purpose of thes study is to find out the effectiveness of giving paper petal extract to the healing of excision wounds in male rats. The study conducted in the Laboratory Health Institute of the Deli Husada Deli Tua. The extracts formulated into ointment preparations with concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20% then conducted evaluation of ointment preparations, namely organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, ph tests, visicosity tests, hedonic tests and spread power tests. The results of organoleptic tests and irritant tests of paper petal ethanol extract ointment preparations, all concentrations were declared good while in the most preferred hedonic test was a concentration of 10%. From the results of the spread test is a concentration of 15% with a static test value on the 21st day which is 6.3000 where this value is equal to the value of povidone iodine, while in the pH test on the 21st day the concentration that sees the best statistic test value is 10% concentration with a value of 6.4467 which is close to the value of povidone iodine which is 7.3133. The results of the study is each treatment group experienced a decrease in the diameter of the cut wound. Of the 5 treatment groups, the best reduction in the diameter of the cut wound was the positive control group (povidone iodine) and the 20% concentration where the statistic test value on the 15th day was 0.0000 where this value was equal to the value of povidone iodine.
The FORMULATION AND EVALUATION O FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF THE PREPARATION OF HAIR TONIC Ethanol Extract of Patchouli Leaves (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) TO OVERCOME HAIR LOSS
Authors: Barus Bunga Rimta , Meliala Linta
Published: May 2022

Nilam leaves contain flavonoids. flavonoids that have activity that can accelerate hair growth and prevent hair loss. The purpose of the study was to make a hair tonic preparation containing patchouli leaf extract and to determine the concentration of the best formula to treat hair loss. Hair tonic is made with nilam  leaf extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%. The ingredients for making Hair Tonic include propylene glycol, propyl paraben, methyl paraben, menthol, sodium metabisulfite, 96% ethanol, Ol. Rosae, Aquades. The method of the study an experimental method with extraction by maceration for 5 days and remaceration for 2 days using 96% ethanol as solvent. Evaluation of Hair Tonic preparations includes homogeneity, pH, organoleptic, viscosity, irritation, preference, and hair growth effectiveness test. The effectiveness test on hair growth in rabbits was carried out on 5 rabbits with 5 treatment groups, namely, positive control group Hair Tonic nature, negative control group, 5% concentration group, 10% concentration group, and 15% concentration group. The analysis of the data on growth testing using One Way Anova. Hair growth data on day 12 were positive control 0.95 mm, negative control 0.03 mm, formula 1 (5%) 0.08 mm, formula 2 (10%) 0.13 mm, formula 3 (15%) 0.83mm. The best formula to treat hair loss is hair tonic with a concentration of 15% nilam leaf ethanol extract. It can be concluded that the greater the concentration of nilam leaf extract given to each treatment, the faster the hair growth.