bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated Detection of Volcanic Seismicity Using Network Covariance and Image Processing
Authors: Maher Sean P. , Dawson Phillip B. , Hotovec-Ellis Alicia J. , Thelen Weston A. , Matoza Robin S.
Published: May 2024

Seismicity at restless volcanoes commonly features a variety of signal types reflecting both volcanotectonic and fluid-driven source processes. However, traditional catalogs of seismicity are often incomplete, especially concerning events with emergent onsets such as those driven by the dynamics of magmatic and hydrothermal fluids. The detection of all discrete events and continuous seismic tremors, regardless of the underlying source processes, would therefore improve the ability of monitoring agencies to forecast eruptions and mitigate their associated hazards. We present a workflow for generalized detection of seismic events based on the network covariance matrix (Seydoux et al., 2016). Our contributions enable the method to simultaneously detect continuous and short-duration (<∼10 s) events, provide information about the frequency content of the signals, and to refine the initial detection times by an order of magnitude (from window lengths of 75 to 7.5 s). We test the workflow on a 15-month record of seismicity with 23 stations at Mammoth Mountain, California (July 2012–October 2013) and detect 62% of long-period events and 94% of volcanotectonic events in the existing Northern California Earthquake Data Center catalog. In addition, ∼3000 events are not included in the catalog, and thousands of tremor signals are found. The method is suitable for near-real-time analysis of continuous waveforms and can provide a valuable supplement to existing algorithms to improve the completeness of catalogs used for monitoring volcanoes.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE SPUR GEAR BODY ON THE MESHING STIFFNESS
Authors:   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Structural and Transportation Engineering, MALAKOVA SILVIA , SIVAK SAMUEL ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Structural and Transportation Engineering, GAZO MARTIN ,   University of Zilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Design and Mechanical Elements, ILECKO LUBOMIR ,   University of Zilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Design and Mechanical Elements
Published: May 2024

The design of the body shape of spur gears has an effect on the deformation and thus also the stiffness of the gearing. The stiffness of the gearing is a parameter that significantly affects the noise level of transmission mechanisms. Determining the gear stiffness is difficult due to the shape of the gear teeth. The paper examines the influence of the shape and size of individual gear body parameters on gear deformation. Deformation is solved by finite element method. On the basis of the deformation of the gearing, the stiffness of the gearing is determined.
ECOLOGICAL ELECTRIC CAR USABLE IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
Authors:   Palacky University Olomouc, Department of Technical Education and Information Technology, KUCERKA DANIEL , MRAZEK MICHAL ,   Palacky University Olomouc, Department of Technical Education and Information Technology, KARKOVA MONIKA ,   Institute of Technology and Business in Ceske Budejovice, RUZINSKA EVA ,   Institute of Technology and Business in Ceske Budejovice, MATL LADISLAV ,   Vocational school of agriculture and services Dacice
Published: May 2024

Growing concern of carbon dioxide emissions, greenhouse effects and rapid depletion of fossil fuels raise the necessity to produce and adopt new eco-friendly sustainable alternatives to the internal combustion engine driven vehicles. For this reason, in the last decade, electric vehicles have become in some way widespread, principally because of their negligible flue gas emissions and lesser reliance on oil. Although electric cars were introduced many years ago, agriculture electric vehicles have recently gained attention. The world of agriculture has changed, small-specialized farm utility vehicles are now used for a specific purpose, and in several cases, they have an electric engine. In our research, we focused on the design and preparation of a prototype the variable, multifunctional ecological electric loader, which would be dimensionally adapted to the needs of use in greenhouse, interior growing halls, as a result of research by students of innovative dual technical education with effective support of their teachers. The result of our research was the design and construction of a prototype of a smaller electric loader, which meets demanding quality parameters (performance) and environmental attributes (reduced noise and almost zero emissions) for work in greenhouses.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS METHODS APPLICATIONS TO PRODUCT LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov, Technical University of Kosice, PANDA ANTON , DYADYURA KOSTIANTYN ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Odesa Polytechnic National University, MOKIY ALEXANDER ,   Department of Design Information Technologies and Design, Odesa Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2024

The research being carried out is aimed at applying nonlinear dynamics methods in product life cycle management to improve communication between processes and achieve environmental sustainability. The purpose of the article is to create a nonlinear mathematical model for analysing product lifecycle management. Chaotic nonlinear dynamical processes of product lifecycle are deterministic but have the property that even small uncertainties in initial conditions lead to exponentially growing errors in the management that limit long-term forecasts. The emergence of chaotic behaviour in processes of product lifecycle was explored, focusing on fluctuations. The study employed methods such as systems analysis, correlation analysis, nonlinear dynamics, and the Surrogate model of chaotic Lorenz waterwheel. It was identified that sharp technological innovations as the primary drivers of short-term fluctuations impacting fixed efficiency and effectiveness of product life cycle process development. The resulting nonlinear dynamic model allowed for flexible operation, transitioning between equilibrium, periodic, and chaotic states based on coefficient values for asset growth rates and time constants reflecting product life cycle process dynamics. The research results are valuable for companies seeking to reduce their environmental impact and implement circular economy principles.
AN EFFICIENT ITERATIVE METHOD TO SIMULATE THE VARYING STATIC RECEPTANCE OF A THIN-WALLED WORKPIECE
Authors:   RWTH Aachen University, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, BRECHER CHRISTIAN , ZHAO GUIFENG ,   RWTH Aachen University, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, FEY MARCEL ,   RWTH Aachen University, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces an accelerated iterative Conjugate Gradient method (CG-method) for simulating the varying static receptance of a thin-walled workpiece. The proposed approach enhances computational efficiency by computing an optimal initial displacement guess for a given cutter location. This guess is based on the previously calculated displacement vector from the preceding cutter location, serving as the start iteration vector for the CG-method. The validation of efficiency gains through this method is demonstrated by a significant reduction in computation time for a numerical example. Moreover, to ensure the accuracy of the accelerated iterative CG-method, comparisons are made with the Cholesky method. The results confirm the precision of the proposed approach.
UTILIZATION OF ROBOTS IN INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, The Institute of Manufacturing, STRONER MAREK
Published: May 2024

Engineering companies, which are concerned with manufacturing activities in forming and welding technologies, consider with such a degree of an automation of the production process that will bring production improvement, lower production time and also economic benefits with return of investment. In the present time, businesses depend on a market economy conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to design production systems as very flexible with easy response to changes in a product range. In forming and welding technologies, which belong mostly to an area of wasteless technologies, an application of systems with a certain level of intelligence means a wide use of robots that replace the physical potential of people. They have a positive effect on a production quality and also on an ecology. [Hasse 2020]
Clinical and biochemical profile among children admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis and their correlation in prognosis of children admitted in pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Choudhary Payal , Asif M. , Goyal Suresh
Published: May 2024

Background: The present study aimed to analyse clinical and biochemical profile among children admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and their correlation in prognosis of children admitted in PICU.
Methods: The prospective study was conducted in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of RNT medical college, Udaipur among 50 DKA children in the age group of (1 month-18 years) for a period of one year after approval of institutional ethics committee. In the study, HbA1c level was measured by automated analyzer method to find out the past 3-month duration of glycemic control. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to find the correlation between serum osmolality and GCS, serum osmolality and duration of hospital stay, correlation between HbA1c levels and GCS, HbA1c levels and duration of hospital stay.
Result: The most common presenting complaint was respiratory distress (72%) followed by vomiting (54%), polyuria (34%), polydipsia (24%), pain in abdomen (24%), fever (24%) and polyphagia (4%). There was negative correlation between HbA1c and depressed sensorium, i.e. patients with higher HbA1c levels had poor GCS and it was statistically significant. Patients with higher HbA1c levels had longer duration of hospital stay, although this observation was not statistically significant. 
Conclusions: The present study concluded that patients presenting with DKA had severe derangement in acid-base parameters. The DKA patients who had higher serum osmolality and poor glycemic control had depressed sensorium at the time of hospital admission and a longer recovery time leading to a prolonged hospital stay, adding to the morbidity associated with the disease.
Clinico-etiological profile of acute liver failure in children in a tertiary care hospital of northernmost India
Authors: Wani Khurshid , Wani Jawad Nazir , Zaman Bashir U. , Mir Naseer Yousuf
Published: May 2024

Background: Acute liver failure is a life-threatening condition with sudden onset liver injury, decreased liver functions, hepatic encephalopathy, and coagulopathy in patients without preexisting liver disease. The objective of this study was to find out the clinical and etiological factors of acute liver failure in children.
Methods: This study was a hospital based prospective observational study conducted from November 2017 to October 2019 at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Postgraduate Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College Srinagar, Kashmir. Fifty-one consecutive patients of ALF in the age group of 1 to 18 years were included in this study.
Results: The most common clinical presentation in our study was jaundice which was present in all cases followed by anorexia (90.2%), vomiting (84.3%), fever (76.5%) and abdominal pain (64.7%). HE was present at admission in 54.9% cases and exaggerated DTR’s was present in 49% cases. Of the other clinical manifestations, bleeding was present in 49% cases, ascites in 33.3% cases and edema in 5.9% cases. Infections (76.5%) were the most common cause of ALF in children followed by indeterminate (9.8%), autoimmune (5.9%), drug induced (3.9%), Wilson’s disease (2%) and HLH (2%). In infectious etiology, the most common cause was Hepatitis A (66.7%) followed by Enteric fever (7.8%) and Hepatitis E (2%).
Conclusions: The most common clinical manifestation of ALF in children is Jandice. Hepatitis A is the most common cause of ALF in children.
Case report on sickle cell anemia: a cascade of crisis
Authors: Raundhal Akshay , Menon Lakshmi , Umalkar Shriya
Published: May 2024

Children with sickle cell homozygous state often experience complications like an acute painful crisis, dactylitis, severe anemia, sequestration, acute febrile illness, and stroke because of its complicated pathophysiology. This is one of the main reasons for a child’s frequent hospital visits or admissions, which is a significant cause of its morbidity. This case discussed a 7-year-old male child who presented to the hospital in vaso-occlusive crisis in the form of pain in the right elbow joint, followed by a rare occurrence of deteriorating multiple morbid complications of sickle cell disease in the same patient within a short span of his hospital stay.
Bazı Haşhaş Genotipleri Arasındaki Genetik Akrabalık İlişkilerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Yurdagül Ceyda Nur , Çelikoğlu Koşar Ferda , Köse Arzu , Göksoy Abdurrahim Tanju
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışma, Geçit Kuşağı Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü deneme alanlarında 2022-2023 deneme sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın amacı; haşhaş genotiplerinin morfolojik ve teknolojik karakterizasyonlarının ortaya konulması, genotipler arasındaki varyasyonun ve akrabalık ilişkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Morfin ve diğer alkaloitler bakımından (tebain, kodein, noscapin) ileri çıkmış 146 adet hat, 25 adet köy popülasyonu ve 6 adet standart çeşitten oluşan deneme materyali Augmented deneme desenine uygun olarak ekilmiştir. İncelenen agronomik ve teknolojik özellikler yönünden materyalin yapısını ve genetik ilişkilerini ortaya çıkarmak için cluster (kümeleme) analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca ele alınan morfolojik ve kalite özelliklerinin birbirleri ile olan ilişkilerini belirlemek için korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular doğrultusunda, genotipler toplam 13 kümeye ayrılmıştır. 2 no’lu küme en fazla genotipe (41 genotip), 3 no’lu küme ise en az genotipe sahip olmuştur (1 genotip). 116 adet ileri çıkmış haşhaş hattı tüm kümelere dağılmıştır. Sonuçlar, kimyasal karakterler bakımından incelendiğinde en yüksek morfin (%1,912), kodein (%1,44), tebain (%1,33) ve noscapin (%1,02) oranları sırası ile 12, 3, ve 11 nolu kümelerde yer almıştır. Çalışmada; bitki ve kapsül boyu arasında negatif, tebain ve noscapin oranı arasında pozitif korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre çalışmada kullanılan 3 grup materyalin (ileri çıkmış hatlar, çiftçi popülasyonu ve standart çeşitler) ele alınan karakterler bakımından genetik olarak birbirinden farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Constraints on Strawberry (Fragoria vesca) Production in Burkina Faso and Benin: A Review
Authors: Soura H.B. , Gnancadja L. , Koita K. , Savadogo A.
Published: May 2024

Horticulture represents an important part of the agricultural economy in Burkina and Benin. Strawberry growing is a main activity for many producers. Strawberries are a high value-added product. This analytical review aims to summarize the work carried out on strawberries in order to define research perspectives for a better understanding of the constraints of its production. This review is produced from documentation focused on the relevance of the articles. The identified diseases and pests as the major constraints that can cause losses of up to 100% of production. Burkina is one of the major strawberry producers in West Africa unlike Benin where there are small farms in the North. A research perspective based on major constraints would make it possible to boost strawberry production and ensure better productivity.
Mapeando la gestión de la investigación en diseño, artes y arquitectura en Latinoamérica: un concepto en elaboración
Authors: Castaño-Aguirre Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo comprender las particularidades de la gestión de la investigación y el conocimiento en las disciplinas de diseño, artes y arquitectura, a partir de una revisión bibliográfica cualitativa de tipo descriptivo a la actividad académica y científica editorial de los últimos 15 años en Latinoamérica, lo que llevó a la selección de 23 publicaciones.  En cuanto a los hallazgos en las artes, se plantea que el conocimiento es fundamental para el desarrollo de proyectos artísticos, la preservación del patrimonio cultural, la difusión de obras y el intercambio de ideas. En arquitectura, se logra reconocer que uno de los abordajes más trabajados corresponde a la aplicabilidad de conocimientos en diseño arquitectónico, ingenierías, tecnología y administración a la ejecución de obras de construcción. En diseño, se resalta el interés por fomentar las relaciones entre las universidades para realizar la gestión de este conocimiento en Latinoamérica.
How Can Aid Actors Support Yemeni Capacities for Social Assistance?
Authors: Harvey Paul , Carter Becky , Al-Absi Abeer
Published: May 2024

Much of Yemen’s population needs basic assistance to avoid famine. As well as providing food and cash-based support during a decade of war, international aid actors have sustained and strengthened the capacities of local organisations involved. Yet these efforts have overlooked some capacities – particularly valuable skills for community engagement and accountability, seen as vital for inclusion and conflict sensitivity. As conflict in Yemen continues and aid budgets come under further pressure, this Policy Briefing offers a series of recommendations to improve the effectiveness of donor and aid agency support for local capacities for social assistance.
KECELAKAAN SEPEDA MOTOR PADA PELAJAR SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS: ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK, PERILAKU, DAN KESEHATAN PSIKOLOGIS
Authors: Putri Eggy Prananda , Suratno Shafa Ainunnissa , Hargono Arief
Published: May 2024

Kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan suatu kejadian yang tidak terduga dan tidak disengaja yang terjadi di jalan. Kecelakaan lalu lintas dapat mengakibatkan kerugian kepada manusia atau harta benda. Kalangan remaja menjadi yang paling sering terlibat dan menjadi korban kecelakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik individu, perilaku safety riding, dan kesehatan psikologis dengan kejadian kecelakaan sepeda motor pada pelajar SMA. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observational analitik dengan desain studi cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 70 siswa SMA Khadijah Surabaya dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin (nilai p = 0,853), kepemilikan SIM C (nilai p = 0,141), dan membawa SIM C (nilai p = 0,141) tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian kecelakaan sepeda motor pada pelajar SMA. Sedangkan perilaku safety riding (nilai p = 0,013) dan pengukuran kesehatan psikologis (nilai p = 0,042) memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian kecelakaan sepeda motor pada pelajar SMA. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara perilaku safety riding dan pengukuran kesehatan psikologis dengan kejadian kecelakaan sepeda motor pada pelajar SMA.
Vestígios nietzschianos em A América Latina
Authors: Detoni Piero di Cristo Carvalho
Published: May 2024

O artigo investiga a presença da filosofia de Friedrich Nietzsche no ensaio A América Latina: males de origem, publicado por Manoel Bomfim em 1905. Estamos interessados nos processos de apropriação dessa filosofia por parte de Bomfim, o que nos leva a estabelecer afinidades eletivas entre os dois estudiosos a partir dos usos de categorias, de noções e de conceitos em comum, mas que resguardam aproximações e distanciamentos. Elegemos, então, uma rede semântica que informa problemas referentes ao excesso de passado, à crítica da moral cristã, à vontade de potência e aos temas da autonomia e da liberdade, que informam o projeto educacional ilustrado do escritor brasileiro
Critical Incidents of Nimble, Caring Leaders: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Wolf Zane Robinson , Wright Mary Ellen , Grobbel Claudia C. , Hilton Nancy
Published: May 2024

The story needs to be told of nurse leaders’ caring actions when responding quickly to challenging situations experienced by staff nurses. This descriptive design study used qualitative methods to analyze leaders’ nimble, caring actions during critical incidents reported by 12 registered nurses (RNs). Leaders supported nurses by rapidly identifying patients in crisis and RNs in stress. They shared RN assignments and averted crises. Leaders taught nursing staff and influenced reduced nurse–patient ratios. Recorders described nurse leaders’ rapid assessment of unit flow and consistent support of nursing staff. RNs respected leaders for doing more than expected. Leaders’ contributions need to be increasingly recognized.
Nursing Students’ Experiences in Adopting a Senior: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Silva Clarissa , Lopez Tracy
Published: May 2024

This qualitative study explored the caring thoughts and feelings of nursing students through the analysis of reflection papers and presentations (oral and recorded) submitted at the end of a 12-week experience called the Adopt a Senior project. The analysis included the word count with accompanying cloud visualization, and subsequently, the individual researchers reading and reviewing student reflections with identification of topics and themes. Subsequently, the researchers met to compare and discuss the identified topics and themes, with resolution of differences resulting in the themes and illustrations reported in this article.
Intensitas dan Derajat Infestasi Ektoparasit pada Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang Dibudidayakan di Tambak Intensif
Authors: Yusma Latifatul Ummah  , Gunanti mahasri  , Laksmi Sulmartiwi
Published: May 2024

Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan komoditas yang banyak dibudidaya di Indonesia. Tingginya permintaan terhadap udang vaname menuntut produksi terus meningkat. Padat tebar yang tinggi dalam budidaya intensif dan jumlah pakan berlebihan merupakan kendala dalam budidaya udang vaname. Hal tersebut akan mengakibatkan udang stres dan mudah terserang penyakit, salah satunya ektoparasit. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga September 2023 dengan tujuan untuk menentukan intensitas dan derajat infestasi ektoparasit pada udang vaname yang dibudidaya di kolam intensif. Sampel udang vaname dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 50 ekor yang diambil dengan metode purpovive random sampling. Pengamatan ektoparasit dilakukan dengan metode natif di laboratorium budidaya dan anatomi, Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan, Universitas Airlangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa udang vaname yang dibudidaya di kolam intensif terinfestasi Zoothamnium sp. dengan intensitas 184 individu/ekor, Vorticella sp. dengan intensitas 268 individu/ekor dan Epistylis sp. dengan intensitas 235 individu/ekor. Masing-masing ektoparasit memiliki derajat infestasi sangat parah.
Efficient Sentence Representation Learning via Knowledge Distillation with Maximum Coding Rate Reduction
Authors: Ševerdija Domagoj , Prusina Tomislav , Borozan Luka , Matijević Domagoj
Published: May 2024

Addressing the demand for effective sentence representation in natural language inference problems, this paper explores the utility of pre-trained large language models in computing such representations. Although these models generate high-dimensional sentence embeddings, a noticeable performance disparity arises when they are compared to smaller models. The hardware limitations concerning space and time necessitate the use of smaller, distilled versions of large language models. In this study, we investigate the knowledge distillation of Sentence-BERT, a sentence representation model, by introducing an additional projection layer trained on the novel Maximum Coding Rate Reduction (MCR2) objective designed for general-purpose manifold clustering. Our experiments demonstrate that the distilled language model, with reduced complexity and sentence embedding size, can achieve comparable results on semantic retrieval benchmarks, providing a promising solution for practical applications.
Toward a green economy in China: current status and perspective in electricity generation
Authors: Pedraza Jorge Morales
Published: May 2024

China, a leading global energy consumer, is undergoing a significant shift toward a green economy. The main factors driving this shift are ambitious objectives to achieving carbon neutrality and a growing focus on environmental sustainability. This review examines the current status of China’s use of energy resources within the context of the green economy. A review of the published literature was conducted to provide updated data and information on China's energy transition from fossil fuel-based electricity generation to the utilization of renewable energy sources. The discussion concluded that although China relies mostly on fossil fuels, it has made significant progress in renewable energy penetration in the national mix. Wind and solar electricity are growing rapidly, but hydropower dominates. China has demonstrated its commitment to renewable energy by surpassing many other large countries through a rapid investment in clean energy. However, thoughtful policymaking is needed to balance economic growth with environmental protection. This work emphasizes the urgent need to prevent new coal-fired power plants, adopt management rules to permit high renewable energy generation from the national grid, and allow cheap consumer prices to drive consumption and generation. While China’s efforts to become more environmentally friendly are still ongoing, it has become a global leader in sustainable energy.
The Carbon-Based Evolutionary Theory (CBET)
Authors: Chen Ji-Ming , Chen Ji-Wang
Published: May 2024

Why and how did simple and unordered substances on Earth evolve into complex, orderly, and diverse organisms and social organizations? Here we propose the Carbon-Based Evolutionary Theory (CBET) to provide an explicit and comprehensive answer to this fundamental scientific question. The CBET is based on the integration of the principles of physics and chemistry (e.g., laws of thermodynamics), the features of Earth (e.g., having abundant water and energy), and the features of carbon-based materials (CBMs) using rational logic and abundant evidence from a panoramic view. The integration reveals the driving force mechanism, the structure-function mechanism, and the natural selection mechanism, which underpin evolution with energy supply, function generation, and structural optimization, respectively. These three mechanisms escalate the hierarchy of CBMs, augment the quantity, diversity, and orderliness of high-hierarchy CBMs, and lead to chemical, biological, and social evolution. The CBET uncovers the natural roots of multiple pivotal and seemingly paradoxical social notions, such as inclusiveness versus elimination, cooperation versus competition, and altruism versus selfishness. It advocates for the balanced, harmonious, and peaceful development of human society. The CBET could unify biology with physics and chemistry, bridge the natural sciences and the social sciences, and guide the rational development of human society.
Means and Issues for Adjusting Principal Component Analysis Results
Authors: Konishi Tomokazu
Published: May 2024

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a method that identifies common directions within multivariate data and presents the data in as few dimensions as possible. One of the advantages of PCA is its objectivity, as the same results can be obtained regardless of who performs the analysis. However, PCA is not a robust method and is sensitive to noise. Consequently, the directions identified by PCA may deviate slightly. If we can teach PCA to account for this deviation and correct it, the results should become more comprehensible. The methods for doing this and an issue with this are presented.
Environmental-Socioeconomics Factors and Technology Adoption: Empirical Evidence from Small-scale Salt Farmers in Improving Technical Efficiency in Madurese Coastal Area, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Prihantini Campina Illa , Hanani Nuhfil , Syafrial Syafrial , Asmara Rosihan
Published: May 2024

The application of the latest technological innovations has been promoted worldwide to increase farm productivity, including in salt farming. This research aims to determine the determinants of adoption decisions for salt production technology called geomembrane and estimate the adoption impact on technical efficiency. The data in this study is cross-sectional from 215 small-scale salt farmers on Madura Island, East Java, Indonesia. The data was analyzed using logistic regression to identify which factors influenced farmers’ decisions to use geomembrane. The influence of adoption on farmers' technical efficiency was then assessed using propensity score matching (PSM) and data envelopment analysis (DEA). The findings indicate that age and the dummy variables of gender, land ownership, profit-sharing involvement, and membership in the People's Salt Business Group (KUGAR) all had a significant impact on adoption rates. The findings of controlling matched samples using the PSM process reveal that geomembrane application improves and greatly increases farmers' technical efficiency. Those who used geomembranes displayed greater technical efficiency than those who did not. These findings imply that salt production technology should be promoted more to increase productivity, especially geomembrane adoption, through outreach and dissemination of information, including for landowners involved in the profit-sharing system.
Aptamer and Electrochemical Aptasensor towards Selenate Ions (SeO42-)
Authors: Szymczyk Anna , Popiołek Martyna , Baran Dominika , Olszewski Marcin , Ziółkowski Robert , Malinowska Elzbieta
Published: May 2024

Selenium is one of the inorganic compounds in human and animal nutrition and is involved in the proper functioning of the body. As a micronutrient, it actively contributes to the regulation of various metabolic activities, i.e., thyroid hormone, and protection against oxidative stress and cancer. Selenium anion also plays an essential role in the mechanism of immunity to viral infec-tions. However, this element can also be hazardous, especially in high concentrations. The toxicity of selenium is strongly associated with its chemical form. Se exhibits a narrow concentration window from having a positive to exerting a toxic effect. The daily uptake for humans is in the range of 55-400 µg/day. In higher doses (of the order of 900-1000 µg/day), it negatively affects the human body and causes DNA damage through the formation of free radicals. Increased reactivity of Se anion can also disrupt the integrity and function of DNA-repairing proteins. As the permis-sible concentration of Se in drinking water is 10 µg/L, it is vital to develop sensitive and robust methods of Se detection in aqueous samples.
Epistemological-Philosophical Problems of Quantum Mechanics and Main Solution Attempts: An Overview
Authors: Di Sia Paolo
Published: May 2024

This work presents a historical-epistemological analysis of the foundations of quantum mechanics. From a philosophical point of view, the relationships between quantum mechanics and scientific realism are highlighted, as well as the influence of the neo-positivist philosophy of the first decades of the 20th century. The great significance of measurement in the context of quantum mechanics is underlined, as an essential element in providing a coherent description of reality moving from the microcosm to the macrocosm, as well as the role that the measurement apparatus and the consciousness of the observer assume during the act of measurement, the ontological problem, the problem of the objectification of the wave function and the problem of the definition of discernibility. This is followed by an overview of the most important alternative proposals to the standard interpretation (Copenhagen interpretation), with particular reference to hidden variable theories, and other alternatives to standard quantum mechanics that profoundly modify the vision of reality, such as the Everett’s many-worlds theory, the QBism, the unified holistic approach.
Ramsey Theory of the Phase Transitions of the Second Order
Authors: Bormashenko Edward
Published: May 2024

The Ramsey theory based approach to the phase transitions of the second order is suggested. The phase transitions of the second order are seen as switching of physical interactions/chemical bonds between the entities forming the primitive cell of the material. Such a switching is typical for a phase change materials. If the energy of the primitive cell is kept constant under the change in the spatial order of the chemical bonds, the phase transition of the second order takes place. The switching of interactions between the entities forming the primitive cell is accompanied by the breaking of the initial symmetry of the cell. The order parameter/the degree of ordering characterizing the ordering within the primitive cell is re-defined. The introduced degree of ordering quantifies ordering of links/interactions/chemical bonds between entities constituting the 2D lattice; whereas, the classical “Landau degree of order” quantifies the symmetry breaking under variation in spatial locations of these entities. The suggested approach is generalized easily for 3D primitive cells. Thermal capacity of the non-symmetrical phase is larger than that of the symmetrical phase. For the primitive cells built of six interacting entities, the Ramsey Theory predicts inevitable appearance of the unstable monochromatic triangles, when the links correspond to attraction or repulsion interactions. The situation becomes different for the primitive cells built of five interacting entities.
Research on the Method for Solving the Safety Factor of Rock Slope Based on Deformation Monitoring Warning Threshold
Authors: Wei Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiuli
Published: May 2024

In view of the fact that the field monitoring information can more intuitively and accurately reflect the stability state of slopes, this paper takes the warning threshold of slope deformation rate monitoring as the slope stability evaluation standard, and puts forward a method for solving the safety coefficient of rocky slopes. The discrete element method 3DEC, which is suitable for rocky slopes, is selected as the numerical calculation tool, and the convergence criterion of its strength reduction method is modified to the slope deformation rate threshold, and the method is realized by the bifurcation method through its built-in FISH programming language. The results of the classical case show that, by selecting the slope deformation rate threshold in the appropriate interval, the results of this paper's method are very close to those of the finite unit stress method and the limit equilibrium method, which verifies the reliability of this paper's method. Further, the method of this paper is applied to an open-pit mine slope project, based on the slope deformation on-site monitoring data, through the time series prediction method to determine the slope deformation rate warning threshold, using the threshold as an evaluation criterion to solve the slope's coefficient of safety, the calculation results show that: the slope's coefficient of safety in natural working conditions is 1.086, basically stable, suffered from continuous rainfall, the slope body is gradually saturated, the slope's coefficient of safety is reduced to 0.987, the slope's safety is reduced to 0.987. After continuous rainfall and gradual saturation of the slope, the coefficient of safety decreased to 0.987, destabilizing and destroying, which is consistent with the site conditions.
Differences in Children and Adolescents with Depression before and after a Remediation Program: An Event Related Potentials Study
Authors: Zygouris Nikolaos C.
Published: May 2024

Depression is diagnosed when a specific set of symptoms appear over a defined period with a certain intensity. According to the DSM-5, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is diagnosed when five or more symptoms are present over a two-week period. Depression, a debilitating mental health disorder affecting millions worldwide, poses a complex challenge for researchers and clinicians. In children and adolescents, depression can result in negative outcomes such as substance abuse, academic problems, risky sexual behavior, physical health issues, impaired social relationships, and a thirty-fold increased risk of suicide. This paper presents the findings of a study that evaluated the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) alone and CBT combined with selective ser-otonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in a remediation program. The study included 16 children and adolescents with depression (8 males and 8 females) and 16 typically developing peers (8 males and 8 females) aged 9 to 15 years (M = 11.94, SD = 2.02). Baseline evaluations using Event-Related Po-tentials (ERPs), the Children Depression Inventory (CDI), and reaction time tests showed that participants with depression had cognitive deficits in attention and memory, indicated by longer P300 latencies. After undergoing remediation with either CBT alone or CBT combined with med-ication, the children and adolescents with depression exhibited lower CDI scores and shorter P300 latencies and reaction times compared to before remediation and relative to the control group.
Effect of the Mineralogical Composition of Sandstones on the Wear of Mining Machinery Components
Authors: Wieczorek Andrzej N. , Jonczy Iwona , Filipowicz Krzysztof , Kuczaj Mariusz , Pawlikowski Arkadiusz , Mucha Kamil , Gerle Anna
Published: May 2024

The paper provides and comments on the results of studies of the effect of sandstone-based abrasives and quartz sand alone on the wear of martensitic surfaces of wear-resistant steels. The wear process was examined on a ring-on-ring test rig seeking to determine the mass decrement parameter which characterised wear. The tests were conducted for three sandstone varieties: Carboniferous, Permian, and Cretaceous, and they made it possible to determine that the most intense process of deterioration of wear-resistant steels took place in the presence of quartz sand grain, while less intense wear was observed in the case of sandstone-based abrasives. The mass decrement values established in the presence of the sandstones in question did not differ significantly between individual sandstone varieties. Based on a surface damage analysis, the basic damage mechanism was found to be micro-scratching, however, with regard to the sandstones examined, it was also determined that individual grains could be pressed into surface irregularities, as well as that films of soft hematite cement developed in the Permian sandstone and that inclusions of carbonaceous matter were formed in the Carboniferous sandstone. With reference to the wear process observations, a wear model was described for the surface of the steels examined in the presence of sandstone-based abrasives.
Harnessing Soil Diversity: Innovative Strategies for Potato Blight Management in Central-Eastern Poland
Authors: Sawicka Barbara , Barbaś Piotr , Skiba Dominika , Noaema Ali Hulail , Pszczółkowski Piotr
Published: May 2024

Faced with increasing climate challenges, this pioneering study introduces groundbreaking approaches to ensure the resilience of potato crops in east-central Poland. Our research aimed to develop an innovative, cost-effective system tailored to the diverse local conditions of this region. Conducted between 2018 and 2020, the study analyzed integrated and organic production systems across different soil types and potato varieties. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with three replications in two locations. Integrated practices, enhanced by mineral fertilization and chemical protection, notably delayed the onset of late blight by 16 days and extended the critical infection period by 17% compared to their organic counterparts. Remarkably, the integrated systems resulted in a 49% increase in total production and a 52% increase in commercial yields, demonstrating their effectiveness in enhancing crop resilience. Different potato varieties exhibit varied responses to cultivation systems, influencing both yield and disease resistance. Further investigation into these varietal responses can help optimize cultivation practices, leading to improved efficiency and sustainability in potato farming. Location and soil conditions have a significant impact on potato yield and the spread of potato blight. Further research into specific soil properties and the adaptation of varieties to local conditions can contribute to increased productivity and stability in potato production. This study not only paves the way towards sustainable agriculture but also highlights the crucial role of soil diversity in shaping resilient farming practices.
In Silico Generation of Structural and Intermolecular Binding Affinity Data with Reasonable Accuracy: Expanding Horizons in Drug Discovery and Design
Authors: Li Wei
Published: May 2024

In the domain of drug discovery and design, the acquisition of precise structural and intermolecular Kd data for biological molecules is paramount. However, conventional methods for obtaining such data are often beset by challenges including high costs, time intensiveness, and inherent limitations in scalability and diversity. This article puts forward a high-throughput approach for in silico generation of structural and intermolecular binding affinity (Kd) data, which keeps exploring the uncharted territories of drug discovery & design by harnessing computational methodologies to synthetically generate diverse datasets. Through a meticulously designed workflow encompassing molecular structural modeling, structural biophysics-based calculations of intermolecular binding affinity (Kd), this innovative methodology transcends the constraints of traditional experimentation, offering a cost-effective, scalable, and efficient alternative. By simulating molecular interactions and binding interfaces and predicting binding affinities with reasonable accuracy, this approach not only expedites the drug development process but also enables the exploration of vast molecular space, thereby facilitating the discovery of novel therapeutics beyond conventional drug modality as a form factor. Moreover, the versatility of synthetic data extends beyond virtual screening and lead optimization, encompassing applications such as dataset augmentation, model validation, and benchmarking against experimental data. This article elucidates the conceptual underpinnings, methodological intricacies, validation strategies, and potential ramifications of in silico generated data, heralding a paradigm shift in drug discovery paradigms. By fostering synergy between computational and experimental research domains, this innovative approach promises to accelerate the pace of drug discovery, enhance the robustness of predictive models, and pave the way for transformative advancements in the entire pharmaceutical industry.
Monogenity and Power Integral Bases: Recent Developments
Authors: Gaál István
Published: May 2024

Monogenity is a classical area of algebraic number theory that is very actively researched even today. This paper is a collection of the results obtained during the last few years in this area. Several of these results were presented at the series of online conferences "Monogenity and power integral bases".
High salinity tolerance of Zn-rich CNx in the photocatalytic treatment of wastewater
Authors: Chen Hongyu , Wang Lei , Zhu Suiyi , Liu Jiancong
Published: May 2024

physicochemical methods was effective for the degradation of organics, but was highly hampered by the salt coexist in the complex wastewater matrix, resulting in low degradation dynamics. In this study, ZnO loaded carbon nitride (Zn-CNx) was synthesized and exhibited an excellent performance for 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) degradation (0.63 mg/L/min) in photcatalysis system. The doping of Zn into CNx contributed to the increased light absorption of the catalyst and the optimized electron transport pathways. The quenching experiment results proved that the superoxide radicals (·O2-) played a dominant role and hydroxyl radical (·OH) played a secondary role. Notably, the 2,4-DCP removal increased slightly with increasing salt content. As the initial pH increased from 3 to 11, the first-order degradation kinetic constants increased significantly, and the final pH was equilibrized in the range of 6.01-6.59. This study provided a high performance catalyst for photcatalysis and the mechanism for the effective degradation of 2,4-DCP under high salinity condition.
Optimizing Milling Parameters for Enhanced Machinability of 3D‐Printed Materials: An Analysis of PLA, PETG, and Carbon Fiber Reinforced PETG
Authors: El Mehtedi Mohamad , Buonadonna Pasquale , El Mohtadi Rayane , Loi Gabriela , Aymerich Francesco , Carta Mauro
Published: May 2024

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is widely applied in various fields due to its affordability and ease of use. However, it faces challenges such as achieving high surface quality, precise dimensional tolerance and overcoming anisotropic mechanical properties. This paper analyzes and compare the machinability of 3D printed PLA, PETG and carbon fiber reinforced PETG focusing on surface roughness and burr formation. A design of experiments (DoE) with a full factorial design was used, considering three factors: rotation speed, feed rate and depth of cut. Each factor had different levels: rotational speed at 3000, 5500 and 8000 rpm; feed rate at 400, 600 and 800 mm/min; and depth of cut at 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mm. Machinability was evaluated by roughness and burr height using a profilometer for all the materials under the same milling conditions. To evaluate the statistical significance of the influence of various processing parameters on surface roughness and burr formation in 3D printed components made of three different materials PLA, PETG and carbon fiber reinforced PETG, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was conducted. This analysis investigated whether variations in rotational speed, feed rate and depth of cut resulted in measurable and significant differences in machinability results. Results showed that milling parameters significantly affect roughness and burr formation, with optimal conditions for minimizing any misalignment highlighting the trade-offs in parameter selection. These results provide insights into the post-processing of FDM-printed materials with milling, indicating the need for a balanced approach to parameter selection based on application-specific requirements.
Second Order Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Trajectory-Tracking of a Differential Drive Robot
Authors: Cao Ngoc-Tuan Tran , Pham Thanh-Binh , Nguyen Tan-No , Vu Duc-Lung , Truong Nguyen-Vu
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This paper proposes a Second Order Terminal Sliding Mode (2TSM) approach to the trajectory tracking of Differential Drive Mobile Robot (DDMR). Within this cascaded control scheme, the 2TSM dynamic controller, at the inner most loop, tracks the robot’s velocity quantities; while a kinematic controller, at the outer most loop, regulates the robot’s positions. In this manner, chattering is greatly attenuated and finite time convergence is guaranteed by the second order TSM manifold which involves higher order derivatives of the state variables, resulting in inherently robust as well as fast and better tracking precision. The simulation results demonstrate the merit of the proposed control methods.