bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in slow-onset climate events in Thailand
Authors: Limsakul Atsamon , Kammuang Asadorn , Paengkaew Wutthichai , Sooktawee Sirapong , Aroonchan Nidalak
Published: May 2023

Slow-onset climate events (SOCEs) cause substantial impacts on human and natural systems, but research on exploring SOCEs and their effects is still limited. Therefore, changes of SOCEs in Thailand were statistically analysed based on a set of data including projected mean temperature, gridded altimetry sea level, salinity, and areal forest cover. Related information from available studies and reports was also compiled to complement our analysis. The important observed changes of SOCEs included (i) Thailand’s mean temperature gradually rising towards the end of the 21st century, (ii) steady sea level rise accompanied by concomitant seawater intrusion, (iii) increasing areas of land degraded and affected by desertification, (iv) general decline in total forest cover with forest fires tending to increase over recent years, and (v) various plant and vertebrate species under multi-threats with most of them projected to considerably decline due to future climate change. Changes of SOCEs seem to have broad-ranging impacts on ecosystems and the well-being and health of Thai people. This study presented additional evidence and knowledge, responding well to the urgent needs to address SOCES in developing countries. To better avert, minimise and address loss and damage from SOCEs, however, future studies, especially quantitative assessment, are needed.
Estimating the effect of wastewater treatment facility’s operating failure due to disaster on river’s water quality
Authors: Bae Hun Kyun , Moon Jae Seung
Published: May 2023

The study investigated a disaster countermeasure system for wastewater treatment facilities, focusing on both structural and non-structural responses. As part of the non-structural countermeasures, the effect of untreated effluent from damaged wastewater treatment facilities due to disasters on the river was simulated. The results showed that untreated effluent from the wastewater treatment facility did not affect the river's water quality due to its low flowrate. However, it had a significant impact on the water quality of the river when the flowrate of untreated effluent had increased. The study also evaluated the efficiency of movable treatment units as part of structural countermeasures to respond to damaged wastewater treatment facilities. The researchers simulated the effect of effluent treated by movable treatment units on the river. The findings indicated that movable treatment units were effective in reducing the impact on the river's water quality for small-scale wastewater treatment facilities. However, for mid and large-scale wastewater treatment facilities, disaster countermeasures should prioritize ensuring sufficient storage space for untreated water rather than relying on other emergency response devices, such as movable treatment units tested in this study, to respond to disasters.
Đánh giá tuân thủ bảng kiểm an toàn phẫu thuật của nhân viên y tế tại một bệnh viện
Authors: Phan Thị Dung , Nguyễn Viết Tiến
Published: May 2023

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu khảo sát mức độ tuân thủ bảng kiểm an toàn phẫu thuật của nhân viên y tế tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Thiện An năm 2021.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, thực hiện từ tháng 04 đến tháng 12/2021 trên 118 người bệnh được phẫu thuật qua quan sát trực tiếp. Nghiên cứu sử dụng bảng kiểm an toàn phẫu thuật của Tổ chức Y tế thế giới, gồm 3 phần (24 mục): trước khi gây mê (9 mục), trước khi rạch da (10 mục), trước khi rời khỏi phòng phẫu thuật (5 mục) về an toàn phẫu thuật. Số liệu được nhập vào phần mềm Epidata 3.1 và phân tích bằng phần mềm SPSS phiên bản 18.0.

Kết quả: Tỷ lệ nhân viên y tế tuân thủ tuyệt đối (100%) bảng kiểm an toàn phẫu thuật tại các thời điểm lần lượt là: 6/9 mục ở giai đoạn trước khi gây mê/gây tê, 2/10 mục ở giai đoạn trước khi rạch da, 1/5 mục ở giai đoạn trước khi người bệnh rời khỏi phòng phẫu thuật.

Kết luận: Bảng kiểm an toàn phẫu thuật được khuyến nghị sử dụng trong phẫu thuật nhằm đảm bảo an toàn người bệnh và tránh sai sót y khoa. Nghiên cứu tiếp theo cần mở rộng thực hiện trên đối tượng nhân viên y tế để tìm hiểu kiến thức và kỹ năng liên quan đến việc tuân thủ bảng kiểm an toàn phẫu thuật.
Simple Moving Average (SMA) Crossover Strategy with Buy Sell Indicator
Authors: Mazumder Sabyasachi , Neogy Sayan , Das Sahana
Published: May 2023

This project explores the effectiveness of a Small Moving Average (SMA) crossover trading strategy implemented on the TradingView website using Pine Script. The study investigates the potential profitability of the strategy by backtesting it on historical price data for various financial instruments. The project also examines the impact of different parameter values and timeframes on the performance of the SMA crossover strategy. The findings suggest that the SMA crossover strategy can be an effective tool for identifying potential buy and sell signals, but the results are highly dependent on the specific parameter values and timeframes used. This project provides a practical example of how to implement and test a trading strategy using Pine Script on TradingView.
Ժամանակակից հայերենի չեզոք սեռի բայերի կոչականառությունը
Authors: Խաչատրյան Գուրգեն , Գրքիկյան Լալա
Published: May 2023

Հոդվածում ուսումնասիրվող թեման վերաբերում է շարահյուսության հիմնական հասկացություններից մեկի՝ շարահյուսական կապակցության բաղադրիչների, մասնավորապես ժամանակակից հայերենի չեզոք սեռի բայերի կապացական հնարավորություններին:

Ժամանակակից հայերենի չեզոք սեռի բայերի կապակցելիական հնարավորությունների ուսումնասիրությունը ցույց է տալիս, որ ենթակաառությունից, ստորոգառությունից, խնդրառությունից և պարագաառությունից բացի՝ այդ բայերին հատուկ է նաև կոչականառությունը, որը՝ որպես արժույթի արտահայտություն, դրսևորվում է միայն նախադասության կազմում: Բանն այն է՝ կոչականառությունն անմիջականորեն կապ ունի ստորոգման քերականական ակտի հետ։ Կոչականառությունն իրականանում է դիմավոր բայի միջոցով կամ նրա պարտադիր մասնակցությամբ և միայն ուղղակիորեն մեջբերվող խոսքի սահմաններում: Սակայն չեզոք սեռի ոչ բոլոր բայաձևերն են կոչականառու, կոչականառության հարցում էական դեր ունի բայիմասը, այսինքն՝ այն, թե այս կամ այն բայի ցույց տված գործողությունը առարկա ցույց տվող բառերի դասային ո՛ր խմբ(եր)ին կարող է վերաբերել:

Կոչական կարող են ստանալ այն չեզոք սեռի բայերը, որոնք անդիմասահմանափակ են, սակայն կոչականառությունը հատուկ է հիմնականում անձնանիշ առարկաներին կապակցվելու հնարավորություն ունեցող չեզոք սեռի բայերին: Վերջիններիս մեծ մասը կարող է կապակցվել թե՛ եզակի և թե՛ հոգնակի թվով կոչականի, և միայն սահմանափակ թվով բայեր են, որ ստանում են կա՛մ միայն եզակի, կա՛մ միայն հոգնակի թվով կոչական: Կոչականառությամբ օժտված անդիմասահմանափակ բայերը կապակցման ընթացքում հանդես են բերում դիմային սահմանափակություն. կոչական են առնում ոչ թե բոլոր, այլ միայն եզակի և հոգնակի թվերի 2-րդ դիմային ձևերով արտահայտված բայաձևերը:

Սույն հետազոտությամբ նպատակ է հետապնդվում ուսումնասիրելու ժամանակակից հայերենի չեզոք սեռի բայերի կոչականառության արժույթը, որն առայսօր ուսումնասիրության առարկա չի դարձել: Ուսումնասիրությունը հնարավորություն կտա առավել ամբողջական պատկերացում կազմելու հայերենի չեզոք սեռի բայերի կապակցելիական հնարավությունների, այսինքն՝ արժույթի մասին, որով էլ պայմանավորված է մեր հետազոտության արդիականությունը:
Penerapan Metode MOOSRA dan ROC dalam Penentuan Guru Terbaik
Authors: Nazrul Azizi  , Bella Putri Cahyani  , Hetty Rohayani  , Jasmir  , Yuwan Jumaryadi  , Jeperson Hutahaean
Published: May 2023

The best teacher is a teacher who is given appreciation because he has a high achievement value. There are several specific criteria in selecting the best teacher, namely in terms of achievement, skills possessed, morals/manners, and discipline. To improve quality in the world of education, of course, a teacher is needed who will interact directly with students in the learning process which can indirectly improve the quality of education. With the interaction in the learning process, it is hoped that it will become a resource in improving the quality of education. There is also something the government is doing that is in a way to advance education, namely by empowering teachers and giving an award, especially for those who are entitled to get the title of the best teacher with achievements. Based on the results of interviews and research related to SMK Negeri 2 Medan, in determining the best teacher the assessment is still in a subjective way. This is based only on the opinion of each teacher and does not start with certain criteria, this will affect social events because the method used is not in an objective way and ends in an unfair feeling caused by subjective methods among fellow teachers who teach at the school. Therefore, it is recommended that schools must determine and agree on certain criteria in determining outstanding teachers, even though the assessment in the final process is still carried out by voting from those who have voting rights in determining the outstanding/best teachers, which of course is also carried out by teachers. The system for determining the best teacher is always a problem every year because it can create injustice among fellow teachers. Therefore, to facilitate and eliminate this unfair attitude, a decision support system (SPK) is needed which can facilitate the determination of the best teacher at SMK Negeri 2 Medan. A decision support system is an interactive computer system that can assist decision making by utilizing existing data to solve unstructured and semi-structured problems. In this SPK there are several methods, one of which is the Moosra Method (Multiobjective Optimization on the Basis of Simple Ratio Analysis) and the ROC (Rank Order Centroid) Method. The result of ROC and MOOSRA method calculation showed that Halimah (A10) obtained the highest final preference value of 14.599, making her selected as the best teacher.
Eating behavior and allelic variants of the leptin receptor gene in patients with type 2 diabetes: single center cross-sectional study
Authors: Avzaletdinova D. S. , Kochetova O. V. , Bulgakova A. Z. , Morugova T. V.
Published: May 2023

Aim. The aim of this study was to analyze eating behavior and leptin receptor (LEPR) gene in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).   Materials and methods. 83 patients with T2D (62 women, 21 men) aged 59.0 ± 9.9 years and 134 people without clinical and laboratory signs of diabetes mellitus (105 women, 29 men) aged 55.0 ± 10.2 years were examined. Bulimia nervosa was excluded in all the patients. Eating behavior was assessed using Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, V.A. Losenkov’sImpulsivity Questionnaire. Genotyping of the LEPR gene rs1137100 marker was performed using polymerase chain reaction. The Mann-Whitney U-test and Pearson chi-square were used to compare the values of the variables; ROC-analysis was performed.   Results. The emotional eating was more pronounced in T2D group (4.9 (4.1; 5.2) vs 3.1 (2.8; 3.8), p < 0.0001), but the restrained (2.8 (2.6; 3.6) vs 3.3 (2.6; 4.2), p < 0.0001) and external eating was less pronounced (3.3 (3.0; 3.8) vs 3.8 (3.3; 4.4), p < 0.0001), T2D patients were also less impulsive (47 (38; 66) vs 61 (54.5; 70), p < 0.0001). These differences for emotional eating are confirmed in both subgroup of excess body weight and in subgroups of all degrees of obesity. The best predictive model of T2D was obtained for emotional eating with a cut-off point 4.1 scores: sensitivity 74.7 %, specificity 79.1 %, AUROC = 0.777; 95 % confidence interval: 0.715–0.830, p < 0.0001. The distribution of genotypes by the polymorphic marker rs1137100 of the LEPR gene was similar in both groups. Restrictive eating was lower in patients with GG genotype compared to AA and GA (1.77 ± 0.52 vs 2.94 ± 0.08, p < 0.01).   Conclusion. Рatients with T2D are characterized by emotional eating behavior. The association of the polymorphic locus rs1137100 of the LEPR gene with restrained eating behavior in T2D suggests the presence of genetic factors for the formation of eating patterns.
Basic aspects of meta-analysis. Part 1
Authors: Suvorov A. Yu. , Latushkina I. V. , Gulyaeva K. А. , Bulanov N. M. , Nadinskaia M. Yu. , Zaikin A. A.
Published: May 2023

Meta-analysis is one of the concepts of scientific methodology, and is a frequent but optional component of systematic reviews of empirical research. It joins the results of several scientific studies and tests one or more interrelated scientific hypotheses using quantitative (statistical) methods. This analysis can either use primary data from the original studies or published (secondary) results of studies dealing with the same problem. Meta-analysis is used to obtain an estimate of the magnitude of an unknown effect, and compare the results of different studies, identifying patterns or other relationships in them, as well as possible sources of disagreement. Meta-analyses are the highest level of credibility within evidence-based medicine (EBM), so meta-analysis results are considered as the most reliable source of evidence. Understanding all the procedures of a meta-analysis will allow researchers to analyze the results of such studies correctly, as well as formulate tasks when conducting meta-analyses on their own. In this article the reader will be introduced to key concepts such as weighted effects, heterogeneity, the different types of statistical models used, and how to work with some of the types of plots produced in meta-analyses.
ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY AND THE PERFORMANCE OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: EVIDENCE FROM WEST AFRICA
Authors: Nwagu Kingsley
Published: May 2023

this study was carried out to analyse the impact of environmental sensitivity on corporate organisations in developing countries, evidence from West Africa. The study employed the survey research design which data used for analysis were elicited through the use of questionnaire. The result obtained from study revealed that there is a negative effect of Environmental Sensitivity (ENS) on performance of corporate organizations. This is evidenced by coefficient value of -0.099. Statistically, the Sig. value of 0.037 is lower than the acceptable significance value of 0.05. Following the empirical result, Environmental Sensitivity (ENS) is found to have negative but significant effect on performance of corporate organizations. Our finding of insignificant influence is in line with Bhattachar yya (2015) which posits that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Practices reforms that emphasis pooling mechanism, especially environmental sensitivity is therefore required in developing countries. The study therefore recommends advocacy for strategic focus in environmental sensitivity practices by organization and the use of experts where necessary.
Assessment of the Effects of Methanol Leaf Extract of Clerodendrum violaceum on the Liver of Mice
Authors: Balogun Elizabeth Abidemi , Adebayo Joseph Oluwatope , Zailani Hauwa Ahmed
Published: May 2023

Effects of methanol leaf extract of Clerodendrum violaceum on liver function indices of Swiss mice was evaluated. Six groups (A-F) of ten mice each were used. Groups B-F were administered 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 mg/kg body weight of methanol leaf extract of Clerodendrum violaceum, respectively. Group A received 5% DMSO (control). Five animals in each group were sacrificed after 14 days of administration; the remaining were sacrificed after 28 days of administration. Blood was collected for analyses, livers were collected and weighed. Some of the liver samples were homogenized and some preserved in 10% formalin for histopathological examination. After 14 days, there was significant increase (p < 0.05) in total and conjugated bilirubin and significant reduction (p < 0.05) of albumin and total protein at higher doses. Activities of ALP and γ-GT in serum were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) at all doses while liver and serum ALT activity only at lower doses. Liver and serum AST activity were also significantly elevated (p < 0.05) at higher doses. Activities of ALP and γ-GT in the liver were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at all doses while ALT activity only reduced at the highest dose in liver and serum. AST activity was reduced at higher doses in liver but only at highest dose in serum. Liver tissue was inflamed with progressive degeneration on day 28. Results showed that methanol leaf extract of C. violaceum adversely affected the normal architecture, synthetic and secretory functions of the liver at high doses.
Analgesic and anxiolytic properties of aqueous extract of bark from trunk of Diospyros mespiliformis (Ebenaceae) on arthritis induced in mice
Authors: ATSANG à KIKI Gisele , EGRE Finsia , Minoué Kuum Marc Germain , TAKVOU Francis , Zramah Mathieu , DZEUFIET DJOMENI Paul Désiré
Published: May 2023

Background: Arthritis is an inflammatory disease that affects the joints. Patients suffering from chronic pain are anxious, which contributes to reducing the quality of life. The development of analgesic compounds with anxiolytic properties could prove to be of great interest for the treatment of chronic pain. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the analgesic and anxiolytic properties of the aqueous extract of the bark of the trunk of Diospyros mespiliformis in arthritic mice.

Methods: Arthritis was induced by injection of 1% formaline into the left hind paw of the animals. Inflammatory pain and comorbid anxiety were tested using a hotplate (55 ± 0.5 °C) and labyrinths (Dark and Light and the open arena), respectively.

Results: The aqueous extract of Diospyros mespiliformis reduced the inflammatory process by inhibiting the edema of the legs of animals to a maximum percentage of 63.63 % as well as the significant increase (p < 0.001) of the threshold of nociception at the dose of 100 mg/kg. A significant increase (p < 0.001) in the time spent in the lighted compartment alongside the decrease in the time spent in the dark environment was observed with the two-compartment maze. In the open arena the time spent in the central plaza significantly (p < 0.001) increased compared to the time spent on the edge. In addition, a significant decrease (p < 0.01) in the frequency of grooming and reaning was observed.

Conclusion: The aqueous extract of the bark of the trunk of Diospyros mespiliformis displayed beneficial effects on pain and anxiety, justifying it traditional use for the management of arthritis.

Keywords: analgesic, anxiolytic, Diospyros mespiliformis, arthritis.
The Effectiveness and Efficiency of Budget Realization Performance Based on Incremental Budgeting in Lebung Gajah Village, Palembang
Authors: Anggraini Bella , Tripermata Lukita , Meiriasari Vhika
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze  the level of efficiency and effectiveness as well as the effect of processing village funds in Lebung Gajah Urban Village, Palembang based on Incremental Budgeting. The type of research in this research was descriptive quantitative research, namely analyzing financial data, spending and budget realization using efficiency and effectiveness ratios, and analyzing data documentation by measuring expenditure in Lebung Gajah Palembang Village. The results show that the budget based on Incremental Budgeting don’t  have a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness and budget realization reports in Lebung Gajah Urban Village, Palembang which was indicated by the results of the effectiveness ratio and efficiency ratio. The results of this study are expected to provide benefits for Lebung Gajah Urban Village, Palembang to improve the performance of budget realization based on budget increases.
Malay Traditional Jewellery: The Innovation of Pending as Contemporary Fashion Accessories in Malaysia
Authors: Ba’ai Nazirah Mohamad , Zullkifle Nur Siti Khadijah , Yussof Mohd Fairus , Ali Noorhaslinda Mohamad , Aris Asliza , Hashim Hema Zulaika
Published: May 2023

Pending is part of traditional jewellery, often used to complement Malay clothing. Aristocratic people usually wear this pending on the waist on special occasions and gatherings, such as weddings and cultural events. Since Pending is no longer as popular as it once was, this study suggests improving and innovating existing functions. New mechanisms have shown viable replacements for traditional features. This study aims to resurrect the Pending into a modern multi-function buckle as a contemporary fashion accessory in Malaysia. Qualitative research involving observation and description analysis is applied using a formal analysis approach. This research helps to preserve Malaysia’s culture and become a reference point for academics, designers, goldsmiths, historians, and other related professions in art, culture, and heritage of traditional jewellery.
Linguistic hegemony and the minority languages battle for the Zimbabwean broadcasting space: A case of ZBC Television and National FM
Authors: Jonhera Tongai , Nyoni Tineyi
Published: May 2023

Zimbabwe is a multi-cultural nation with diverse ethno-linguistic groups. The country’s minority ethnic groups, however are under severe threat of extinction. The effective use of minority languages in the media, significantly contributes to efforts aimed at saving these languages. Drawing on the theory of Hegemony, the study focuses on linguistic hegemony and the representation of minority languages in the broadcasting media, using ZBC Television and National FM as case studies. The data was gathered using questionnaires, in-depth interviews and content analysis. This study argues that, minority languages have not been afforded adequate space, at both ZBC Television and National FM. The study therefore, advocates for the radical transformation of the entire minority language representation policies and programming structures at both broadcasting stations. It further proposes the establishment of community radio stations, as a long term solution to the under-representation of minority languages in the Zimbabwean broadcasting media.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Kariyer Planlamaya İlişkin Gereksinimleri
Authors: AKMAN YILMAZ Arzu , COŞKUN Simge , YİĞİT Ümmühan , GENÇER ŞENDUR Elif , BULUT Melisa , İLÇE Arzu
Published: May 2023

Giriş: Mesleki yaşamda başarılı bir şekilde ilerleyebilmek için lisans programlarında kariyere ilişkin bilgi, beceri, tutum ve yetenek gelişimini içeren kariyer geliştirme yetkinliklerinin kazandırılması gerekmektedir.

Amaç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kariyer planlamaya ilişkin gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesidir.

Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel çalışma Bolu’daki bir hemşirelik lisans programında 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılında öğrenim gören 570 hemşirelik öğrencisi ile yürütüldü. Veriler online Öğrenci Bilgi Formu ve Kariyer Geleceği Ölçeği ile elde edildi.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %84’ünün kariyer olanakları hakkında bilgi almak istedikleri, özellikle kariyer olanakları (%65,3), lisansüstü eğitim (%54,4), kariyer planlama (%53,3), özel dal hemşireliği (%50,4) gibi alanlarda bilgiye ihtiyaç duydukları belirlendi. Kariyer planlamaya yönelik sunulan hizmetler konusunda öğrencilerin %38,9’unun kararsız, %38,2’sinin ise memnun olduğu belirlendi. Öğrencilerin Kariyer Geleceği Ölçeği alt boyut ve toplam puan ortalamaları sırasıyla 40,55±6,35, 38,60±5,72, 9,86±2,1 ve 89,02±12,35 olarak belirlendi. Öğrencilerin cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi ve hemşirelikte kariyere devam etmeyi isteme durumu ile Kariyer Geleceği Ölçeği puanları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulundu (p
The Risk of Rectal Temperature Measurement in Neutropenia
Authors:   Infectious Diseases Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel, Olchowski Judith , Zimhony-Nissim Noa ,   Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel,   Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel, Nesher Lior ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel,   Internal Medicine Division, Soroka University Medical Center, BeerSheva, Israel,   Infectious Disease Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel, Barski Leonid ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel,   Internal Medicine Division, Soroka University Medical Center, BeerSheva, Israel, Rosenberg Elli ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel,   Internal Medicine Division, Soroka University Medical Center, BeerSheva, Israel, Sagy Iftach ,   Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel,   Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel,   Internal Medicine Division, Soroka University Medical Center, BeerSheva, Israel
Published: May 2023

Background: Avoiding rectal thermometry is recommended in patients with neutropenic fever. Permeability of the anal mucosa may result in a higher risk of bacteremia in these patients. Still, this recommendation is based on only a few studies. Methods: This retrospective study included all individuals admitted to our emergency department during 2014–2017 with afebrile (body temperature <38.3°C) neutropenia (neutrophil count <500 cells/microL) who were over the age of 18. Patients were stratified by the presence or absence of a rectal temperature measurement. The primary outcome was bacteremia during the first five days of index hospitalization; the secondary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Results: The study included 40 patients with rectal temperature measurements and 407 patients whose temperatures were only measured orally. Among patients with oral temperature measurements, 10.6% had bacteremia, compared to 5.1% among patients who had rectal temperature measurements. Rectal temperature measurement was not associated with bacteremia, neither in non-matched (odds ratio [OR] 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07–1.77) nor in matched cohort analyses (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.04–3.29). In-hospital mortality was also similar between the groups. Conclusions: Patients with neutropenia who had their temperature taken using a rectal thermometer did not experience a higher frequency of events of documented bacteremia or increased in-hospital mortality.
How Can Jewish and Non-Jewish People Collaborate to Improve Healthcare in the US? Considering Community, Autonomy, and Solidarity
Authors:   Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, Berger Zackary ,   Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA,   Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, Baltimore, MD, USA
Published: May 2023

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19COVID) pandemic has highlighted the ways in which municipal, state, and Federal agencies in the USA have failed to address the inequities of present-day health systems. As alternative organizing centers outside these agencies, local communities are potentially situated to redress the inequities of present-day health systems in a collaborative manner that demonstrates solidarity by supplementing a purely scientific model of medicine and healthcare. In the mid-twentieth century, the Black Panthers, a revolutionary African American nationalist organization that focused on socialism and self-defense, introduced highly influential free clinics, which sought to bring expertise to the Black community on their own terms. This required bringing the benefits of biomedicine to those who customarily had not seen them. By extension, their approach raises questions regarding community- and expertise-centered approaches for the Jewish community: how is it engaged in healthcare for itself (in its diverse subcategories) and for others? Moreover, understanding how the Jewish community has been ill-served by present-day health-care systems might spur Jewish institutions to reimagine how healthcare should work.
Educational Services for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Autism Special School
Authors: Rezkiani Kiki , Diana Imas
Published: May 2023

The right educational services will help children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children to optimize their abilities. The purpose of this study was to analyze educational services for ASD children provided by a special ASD school in Bandung. This research uses qualitative methods in the form of case studies. Research instruments using interviews, observation, and documentation. The validity of the data is using the triangulation method. This study found that ASD special schools have provided optimal educational services according to the subjects' needs. The educational services provided follow the principles of teaching and learning, curriculum, approaches and methods, teaching and learning tools, and evaluation. Choosing the right educational service will help subjects optimally increase their potential. The implication of this research is program recommendations for teachers and parents in the continuation of the program that has been carried out to get optimal results for the subject.
Health Promoting School in Malaysia: Towards NCD Risk Factor Prevention
Authors: Awg Piut Suzana
Published: May 2023

Background: Schools provide an efficient and effective way to reach large numbers of people. In 2013, over 90% children of primary school age and over 80% children of lower secondary school age were enrolled in schools globally. Behaviours and habits are developed in early childhood. The effective way to prevent non-communicable disease (NCD) is from early education as primary prevention. This platform had been in the system since early millennium but the NCD risk factor is still increasing.

Keywords: Health Promoting School, school health, NCD risk
Tumor spheroid-based and microtumor-based vascularized models for replicating the vascularized tumor microenvironment
Authors: Song Jiyoung , Ko Jihoon , Choi Nakwon , Jeon Noo Li , Kim Hong Nam
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTumor vasculature is a crucial pathway for supplying nutrients and oxygen to tumors during their progression, as well as facilitating the delivery of anticancer drugs or immunotherapeutic agents. Microfluidic technology has emerged as a powerful tool in creating microenvironments within 3D cell cultures that more closely resemble in vivo conditions, by enabling precise control of fluid flow. As a result, microfluidic devices have made significant progress in replicating both the structural and functional characteristics of the tumor microenvironment in vitro. Methods and ResultsIn this study, we present two approaches for reconstructing the tumor vasculature using tumor spheroids or microtumors, with a particular focus on in vivo functional mimicry and experimental reproducibility. Tumor spheroid-based vascular models provide an observatory window into tumor vasculature centered on tumor spheroids, enabling quantitative measurement of the degree of abnormality of blood vessels developing around the tumor spheroid and the invasiveness of metastatic tumors. Microtumor-based vascular models, on the other hand, have the potential to enhance our comprehension of advanced and metastatic cancers at the single-cell level by elucidating the proliferative and metastatic capacities of tumor cells, as well as the vascular permeability that is contingent upon the subtypes of tumor cells. ConclusionOur platforms provide valuable insights into the development of novel in vitro models for studying the tumor microenvironment and advancing our understanding of cancer biology.
Chandler Wobble and Free Core Nutation: Theory and Features
Authors: Na Sung-Ho , Roh Kyoung-Min , Cho Jungho , Yoo Sung-Moon , Choi Byungkyu , Yoon Hasu
Published: May 2023

Being a torque free motion of the rotating Earth, Chandler wobble is the major
component in the Earth’s polar motion with amplitude about 0.05-0.2 arcsec and period
about 430-435 days. Free core nutation, also called nearly diurnal free wobble, exists
due to the elliptical core-mantle boundary in the Earth and takes almost the whole part
of un-modelled variation of the Earth’s pole in the celestial sphere beside precession
and nutation. We hereby present a brief summary of their theories and report their
recent features acquired from updated datasets (EOP C04 and ECMWF) by using Fourier
transform, modelling, and wavelet analysis. Our new findings include (1)
period-instability of free core nutation between 420 and 450 days as well as its large
amplitude-variation, (2) re-determined Chandler period and its quality factor, (3) fast
decrease in Chandler amplitude after 2010.
Recent progress in the theoretical understanding of relativistic electron
scattering and precipitation by electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves in the Earth’s inner
magnetosphere
Authors: Lee Dae-Young
Published: May 2023

The Earth’s outer radiation belt has long received considerable attention mainly
because the MeV electron flux in the belt varies often dramatically and at various time
scales. It is now widely accepted that the wave-particle interaction is one of the major
mechanisms responsible for such flux variations. The wave-particle interaction can
accelerate electrons to MeV energies, explaining the observed flux increase events, and
can also scatter the electrons’ motion into the loss cone, resulting in atmospheric
precipitation and thus contributing to flux dropouts. In this paper, we provide a review
of the current state of research on relativistic electron scattering and precipitation
due to the interaction with electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the inner
magnetosphere. The review is intended to cover progress made over the last ~15 years in
the theory and simulations of various issues, including quasilinear resonance diffusion,
nonlinear interactions, nonresonant interactions, effects of finite normal angle on
pitch angle scattering, effects due to rising tone emission, and ways to scatter
near-equatorial pitch angle electrons. The review concludes with suggestions of a few
promising topics for future research.
Conditional Signal-Acquisition Parameter Selection for Automated Satellite Laser
Ranging System
Authors: Kim Simon , Lim Hyung-Chul , Kim Byoungsoo
Published: May 2023

An automated signal-acquisition method for the NASA’s space geodesy satellite
laser ranging (SGSLR) system is described as a selection of two system parameters with
specified probabilities. These parameters are the correlation parameter: the minimum
received pulse number for a signal-acquisition and the frame time: the minimum time for
the correlation parameter. The probabilities specified are the signal-detection and
false-acquisition probabilities to distinguish signals from background noise. The steps
of parameter selection are finding the minimum set of values by fitting a curve and
performing a graphdomain approximation. However, this selection method is inefficient,
not only because of repetition of the entire process if any performance values change,
such as the signal and noise count rate, but also because this method is dependent upon
system specifications and environmental conditions. Moreover, computation is complicated
and graph-domain approximation can introduce inaccuracy. In this study, a new method is
proposed to select the parameters via a conditional equation derived from
characteristics of the signal-detection and false-acquisition probabilities. The results
show that this method yields better efficiency and robustness against changing
performance values with simplicity and accuracy and can be easily applied to other
satellite laser ranging (SLR) systems.
The Barium Star HD204075: Iron Abundance and the Absence of Evidence for Accretion
Authors: Jeong Yeuncheol , Yushchenko Alexander , Gopka Vira , Yushchenko Volodymyr , Rittipruk Pakakaew , Jeong Kyung Sook , Demessinova Aizat
Published: May 2023

Spectroscopic observations of barium star ζ Capricornus (HD204075) obtained at the 8.2 m telescope of the European Southern Observatory, with a spectral resolving power R = 80,000 and signal to noise ratio greater than 300, were used to refine the atmospheric parameters. We found new values for effective temperature (Teff = 5,300 ± 50 K), surface gravity (log g = 1.82 ± 0.15), micro-turbulent velocity (vmicro = 2.52 ± 0.10 km/s), and iron abundance (log N (Fe) = 7.32 ± 0.06). Previously published abundances of chemical elements in the atmosphere of HD204075 were analyzed and no correlations of these abundances with the second ionization potentials of these elements were found. This excludes the possible influence of accretion of hydrogen and helium atoms from the interstellar or circumstellar environment to the atmosphere of this star. The accretion of nuclear processed matter from the evolved binary companion was primary cause of the abundance anomalies. The young age of HD204075 allows an estimation of the time-scale for the creation of the abundance anomalies arising from accretion of interstellar hydrogen and helium as is the case of stars with low magnetic fields; which we estimate should exceed 108 years.
Diagnostics of Diffuse Two-Phase Matter Using Techniques of Positron Annihilation
Spectroscopy in Gamma-Ray and Optical Spectra
Authors: Doikov Dmytry , Yushchenko Alexander , Jeong Yeuncheol
Published: May 2023

This paper is a part of the series on positron annihilation spectroscopy of
two-phase diffuse gas-and-dust aggregates, such as interstellar medium and the young
remnants of type II supernovae. The results obtained from prior studies were applied
here to detect the relationship between the processes of the annihilation of the K-shell
electrons and incident positrons, and the effects of these processes on the optical
spectra of their respective atoms. Particular attention was paid to the Doppler
broadening of their optical lines. The relationship between the atomic mass of the
elements and the Doppler broadening, ΔλD (Å), of their emission lines as produced in
these processes was established. This relationship is also illustrated for isotope sets
of light elements, namely 32He, 63Li, 73Li, 74Be, 94 105Be, 115B, and B. A direct
correlation between the γ-line luminosity ( Eγ =1.022 MeV) and D Δλ (Å) was proved
virtually. Qualitative estimates of the structure of such lines depending on the
positron velocity distribution function, f(E), were made. The results are presented in
tabular form and can be used to set up the objectives of further studies on active
galactic nuclei and young remnants of type II supernovae.
Characteristics of the Ionospheric Mid-Latitude Trough Measured by Topside Sounders
in 1960–70s
Authors: Hong Junseok , Kim Yong Ha , Lee Young-Sook
Published: May 2023

The ionospheric mid-latitude trough (IMT) is the electron density depletion
phenomenon in the F region during nighttime. It has been suggested that the IMT is the
result of complex plasma processes coupled to the magnetosphere. In order to
statistically investigate the characteristics of the IMT, we analyze topside sounding
data from Alouette and ISIS satellites in 1960s and 1970s. The IMT position is almost
constant for seasons and solar activities whereas the IMT depth ratio and the IMT
feature are stronger and clearer in the winter hemisphere under solar minimum condition.
We also calculated transition heights at which the densities of oxygen ions and
hydrogen/helium ions are equal. Transition heights are generally higher in daytime and
lower in nighttime, but the opposite aspects are seen in the IMT region. Utilizing the
Incoherent Scatter Radar (ISR) electron temperature measurements, we find that the
electron temperature in the IMT region is enhanced at night during winter. The increase
of electron temperature may cause fast transport of the ionospheric plasma to the
magnetosphere via ambipolar diffusion, resulting in the IMT depletion. This mechanism of
the IMT may work in addition to the simply prolonged recombination of ions proposed by
the traditional stagnation model.
Storm-Time Behaviour of Meso-Scale Field-Aligned Currents: Case Study with Three
Geomagnetic Storm Events
Authors: Awuor Adero Ochieng , Baki Paul , Olwendo Joseph , Kotze Pieter
Published: May 2023

Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) satellite magnetic data are used to
investigate the latitudinal variation of the storm-time meso-scale field-aligned
currents by defining a new metric called the FAC range. Three major geomagnetic storm
events are considered. Alongside SymH, the possible contributions from solar wind
dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) BZ are also investigated. The
results show that the new metric predicts the latitudinal variation of FACs better than
previous studies. As expected, the equatorward expansion and poleward retreat are
observed during the storm main phase and recovery phase respectively. The equatorward
shift is prominent on the northern duskside, at ~58° coinciding with the minimum SymH
and dayside at ~59° compared to dawnside and nightside respectively. The latitudinal
shift of FAC range is better correlated to IMF BZ in northern hemisphere dusk-dawn
magnetic local time (MLT) sectors than in southern hemisphere. The FAC range latitudinal
shifts responds better to dynamic pressure in the duskside northern hemisphere and
dawnside southern hemisphere than in southern hemisphere dusk sector and northern
hemisphere dawn sector respectively. FAC range exhibits a good correlation with dynamic
pressure in the dayside (nightside) southern (northern) hemispheres depicting possible
electrodynamic similarity at day-night MLT sectors in the opposite hemispheres.
Association between Solar Variability and Teleconnection Index
Authors: Kim Jung-Hee , Chang Heon-Young
Published: May 2023

In this study, we investigate the associations between the solar variability and
teleconnection indices, which influence atmospheric circulation and subsequently, the
spatial distribution of the global pressure system. A study of the link between the Sun
and a large-scale mode of climate variability, which may indirectly affect the Earth’s
climate and weather, is crucial because the feedbacks of solar variability to an
autogenic or internal process should be considered with due care. We have calculated the
normalized cross-correlations of the total sunspot area, the total sunspot number, and
the solar North–South asymmetry with teleconnection indices. We have found that the
Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) index is anti-correlated with both solar activity and
the solar North–South asymmetry, with a ∼3-year lag. This finding not only agrees with
the fact that El Niño episodes are likely to occur around the solar maximum, but also
explains why tropical cyclones occurring in the solar maximum periods and in El Niño
periods appear similar. Conversely, other teleconnection indices, such as the Arctic
Oscillation (AO) index, the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) index, and the Paciﬁc-North
American (PNA) index, are weakly or only slightly correlated with solar activity, which
emphasizes that response of terrestrial climate and weather to solar variability are
local in space. It is also found that correlations between teleconnection indices and
solar activity are as good as correlations resulting from the teleconnection indices
themselves.
UY Ursae Majoris: An A-Subtype W UMa System with a Very Large Fill-Out Factor and
an Extreme Mass Ratio
Authors: Kim Chun-Hwey , Song Mi-Hwa , Park Jang-Ho , Jeong Min-Ji , Kim Hye-Young , Han Cheongho
Published: May 2023

We present new BVRI light curves of UY UMa with no O’Connell effect and a flat
bottom secondary eclipse. Light curve synthesis with the Wilson-Devinney code gives a
new solution, which is quite different from the previous study: UY UMa is an A-subtype
over-contact binary with a small mass ratio of q = 0.21, a high inclination of 81°.4, a
small temperature difference of ΔT = 18°, a large fill-out factor of f = 0.61, and a
third light of approximately 10% of the total systemic light. The absolute dimensions
were newly determined. Seventeen new times of minimum light have been calculated from
our observations. The period study indicates that the orbital period has intricately
varied in a secular period increase in which two cyclical terms with periods of 12y.0
and 46y.3 are superposed. The secular period increase was interpreted to be due to a
conservative mass transfer of 2.68 × 10–8 M⊙/yr from the less massive to the more
massive star. The cyclical components are discussed in terms of double-light time
contributions from two additional bound stars. The statistical relations of Yang &
Qian (2015) among the physical parameters of 45 deep, low mass ratio contact binaries
were revisited by using the physical parameters of UY UMa and 25 Kepler contact binaries
provided by Şenavci et al. (2016).
Observational Arc-Length Effect on Orbit Determination for Korea Pathfinder Lunar
Orbiter in the Earth-Moon Transfer Phase Using a Sequential Estimation
Authors: Kim Young-Rok , Song Young-Joo
Published: May 2023

In this study, the observational arc-length effect on orbit determination (OD)
for the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) in the Earth-Moon Transfer phase was
investigated. For the OD, we employed a sequential estimation using the extended Kalman
filter and a fixed-point smoother. The mission periods, comprised between the perigee
maneuvers (PM) and the lunar orbit insertion (LOI) maneuver in a 3.5 phasing loop of the
KPLO, was the primary target. The total period was divided into three phases:
launch–PM1, PM1–PM3, and PM3–LOI. The Doppler and range data obtained from three
tracking stations [included in the deep space network (DSN) and Korea Deep Space Antenna
(KDSA)] were utilized for the OD. Six arc-length cases (24 hrs, 48 hrs, 60 hrs, 3 days,
4 days, and 5 days) were considered for the arc-length effect investigation. In order to
evaluate the OD accuracy, we analyzed the position uncertainties, the precision of orbit
overlaps, and the position differences between true and estimated trajectories. The
maximum performance of 3-day OD approach was observed in the case of stable flight
dynamics operations and robust navigation capability. This study provides a guideline
for the flight dynamics operations of the KPLO in the trans-lunar phase.
Performance Analysis of DPSK Optical Communication for LEO-to-Ground Relay Link Via a GEO Satellite
Authors: Lim Hyung-Chul , Park Jong Uk , Choi Mansoo , Choi Chul-Sung , Choi Jae-Dong , Kim Jongah
Published: May 2023

Satellite optical communication has gained significant attention owing to its many quality features (e.g., a larger bandwidth, license free spectrum, higher data rate, and better security) compared to satellite microwave communication. Various experiments have been performed during many space missions to demonstrate and characterize inter-satellite links, downlinks, and uplinks. Korea has also planned to establish an experimental communication system using a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite and the Geochang station as an optical ground station for low Earth orbit (LEO)-to-ground optical relay links. In this study, the performance of inter-satellite communication links and downlinks was investigated for the new Korean experimental communication system in terms of link margin, bit error rate (BER), and channel capacity. In particular, the performance of the inter-satellite links was analyzed based on the receiving apertures and the transmitting power, while that of the downlink was analyzed in terms of atmospheric turbulence conditions and transmitting power. Finally, we discussed two system parameters of receiving aperture and transmitting power to meet the three criteria of link margin, BER, and channel capacity.