bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trichoscopy of connectivitises: Discoid lupus erythematosus or dermatomyositis?
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital center Hassan II, Fez, Morocco, Hashas Fatima Zahra , Elloudi Sara , El Ammari Sara , Baybay Hanane , Douhi Zakia , Maiouak Moncef , Mernissi Fatima Zahra ,   Department of Epidemiology and Public health, Faculty of Medicine, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Background: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and Sdermatomyositis (DM) are two connectivitises with frequent scalp involvement and similar clinical features. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the trichoscopic findings in patients with DM and DLE and to determine the distinctive feature of each pathology that may help in the differential diagnosis. Materials and Methods: We performed an analytical, comparative primary study of trichoscopic images belonging to 32 patients (18 cases of lupus and 14 of dermatomyositis) with a total of seventy lesions over a period of two years. Results: Eighteen cases of discoid lupus and fourteen cases of dermatomyositis were included. Trichoscopic founding revealed that abnormalities of follicular openings, pigment disorders, white structures, and downy hair were more frequent in lupus, and vascular patterns and dystrophic and circular hair were more prominent in dermatomyositis. The analytical study revealed that the absence or reduced number of follicular openings (p = 0.024), the presence of sliding sheaths (p = 0.048) were significant signs in favor of lupus; and the presence of perifollicular erythema (p = 0.0001), linear fine vessels and telangiectasia (p = 0.031), and pseudo-lake structures (p = 0.002) were associated with dermatomyositis. Conclusion: Trichoscopic examination is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of connectivitis. Key words: Trichoscopy, Scalp, Dermatomyositis, Lupus
Transformation of the concept of MONEY in the everyday consciousness of the speakers of Russian linguoculture from the end of the XX to the first third of the XXI centuries.
Authors: Koltsova Nadezhda Viktorovna
Published: October 2023

This article presents the results of the study of the transformation of the concept of MONEY in the everyday consciousness of the speakers of Russian linguoculture in the period from the end of the XX to the first third of the XXI century and a description of its actual content. The relevance of this study is due to significant changes in the realities of life in the specified period, which could not but be reflected in everyday consciousness, as well as the use of a special methodology for studying concepts. The study was conducted within the framework of a triangulation approach, using a combination of three methods of various humanities: associative experiment, the method of pictorial associations and a sociological survey. The combination of these methods allows the author to comprehensively study the subject and get the most complete picture of the subject being studied. As a result of the analysis, significant changes in the structure and content of the concept of MONEY for the specified period were revealed, changes in their perception as a phenomenon were revealed, their domestic status determined, and the place of financial well-being in the value system of ordinary carriers of lingvoculture determined. The proposed methodology and the presented conclusions can be used in conducting other psycholinguistic studies, as well as be useful to sociologists and economists. We see the prospect of further research in further monitoring of changes in the concept of MONEY, as well as in further improvement of the methodology used.
Effects of exogenous zinc on the physiological characteristics and enzyme activities of Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis seedlings
Authors: Zhang Jianli , Yang Tao , Zhang Chen , Zhang Ting , Pu Lihua , Zhao Weiquan
Published: October 2023

Passionflower (Passiflora edulis Sims) is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas for edible, medicinal and skin care product processing, and the market demand is large. Zinc (Zn) is a necessary trace element for plant growth and development. In many countries, the content of Zn in soil is low and/or bioavailability is low. The exogenous application of Zn has become a common agronomic measure in agriculture. However, the effect of Zn on the physiological characteristics and enzyme activity of passionflower seedlings is not clear. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to analyse the effects of different concentrations of Zn (0, 200, 400, 800 mg kg−1) on the plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, osmotic regulators, membrane system and antioxidant enzyme system of purple passionflower (Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis) seedlings, and Pearson correlation and principal component analyses were performed. The results showed that (1) the 200 mg kg−1 Zn treatment increased the contents of chlorophyll a (37.65%), chlorophyll b (41.22%), chlorophyll a+b (38.59%) and carotenoids (29.74%). The value of chlorophyll a/b changed little and had no effect on leaf growth. (2) The contents of proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in P. edulis Sims f. edulis seedlings treated with 400 mg kg−1 Zn increased significantly by 116.84% and 42.69%, respectively. The activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) increased by 16.82% and 18.70%, respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), leaf area (LA), leaf perimeter (LP) and leaf width (LW) decreased significantly by 47.20%, 19.75%, 8.32% and 11.97%, respectively. (3) 800 mg kg−1 Zn significantly increased the contents of Pro (202.56%) and MDA (26.7%) and the activities of CAT (16.00%) and POD (67.00%), while the soluble sugar (SS), SOD, LA, LP and LW decreased significantly by 36.67%, 32.86%, 23.36%, 8.32% and 11.18%, respectively. (4) There was a significant positive correlation between Pro and photosynthetic pigments and between SOD and leaf growth and a significant negative correlation between POD and SS and between SOD and MDA. (5) A low concentration (200 mg kg−1) of Zn promoted the growth of P. edulis Sims f. edulis seedlings and allowed stress caused by high Zn concentrations to be tolerated. The results of this study can provide a reference for the application of Zn fertilizer to P. edulis Sims f. edulis.
Isolation and functional analysis of acid-producing bacteria from bovine rumen
Authors: Yu Jinming , Li Cunyuan , Li Xiaoyue , Liu Kaiping , Liu Zhuang , Ni Wei , Zhou Ping , Wang Limin , Hu Shengwei
Published: October 2023

Ruminants such as cattle rely mainly on microbes in the rumen to digest cellulose and hemicellulose from forage, and the digestion products are mainly absorbed and utilized by the host in the form of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This study aimed to isolate acid-producing strains from the cattle rumen and investigate their functions. A total of 980 strains of acid-producing bacteria were isolated from cattle rumen contents using a medium supplemented with bromocresol green. Combined with the test of acid production ability and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology, five strains were selected based on their ability to produce relatively high levels of acid, including Bacillus pumillus, Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus faecium, and Bacillus subtilis. Sheep were treated by gavage with a mixed bacterial suspension. The results showed that mixed bacteria significantly increased the body weight gain and feed conversion rate of sheep. To investigate the function of acid-producing bacteria in sheep, we used 16S rDNA sequencing technology to analyze the rumen microbes of sheep. We found that mixed bacteria changed the composition and abundance of sheep rumen bacteria. Among them, the abundance of Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, and Proteobacteria was significantly increased, and the abundance of Firmicutes was significantly decreased, indicating that the changes in gut microbiota changed the function of the sheep rumen. The acid-producing bacteria isolated in this study can effectively promote the growth of ruminants, such as cattle and sheep, and can be used as additives to improve breeding efficiency, which lays a foundation for subsequent research on probiotics.
Job market signaling, information acquisition, and competition
Authors:   , Schmitz Condeza Lucas Sebastián
Published: October 2023

A worker, privately informed about his different and general skills sends a costly signal. Two firms, after observing the signal, decide to invest in information acquisition and then bid in a second-price auction. We assume that firms acquire information about different skills. In equilibrium, firms bid as if they had acquired two pieces of information despite that they acquire only one. Information differentiation allows firms to sidestep the Bertrand paradox and have positive utilities. We also discuss why information differentiation makes sense from the firms’ point of view. We discuss extensions where we test the robustness of our results.
Apropiación curricular: abordaje del principio pedagógico del juego en la práctica
Authors:   , Soto Pérez Ximena Alejandra
Published: October 2023

El presente estudio de caso pretende indagar en el proceso de apropiación curricular que llevan a cabo las educadoras de párvulo de una Escuela Especial de Lenguaje de la comuna de Rancagua, para favorecer el abordaje y la implementación del juego como principio pedagógico fundamental. Para abordar el problema, se realizó una investigación de tipo cualitativa. El estudio contempló una muestra de cuatro educadoras de aula cuyos datos se obtuvieron por medio de la aplicación de entrevistas semi estructuradas. Los resultados dan cuenta que el proceso de apropiación se asocia a compartir experiencias y no al proceso más analítico y reflexivo que implica. En relación con el principio pedagógico del juego, las educadoras reconocen la importancia del juego en el aprendizaje, pero presentan dificultad para implementarlo curricularmente. Finalmente, en el ámbito de la contextualización curricular, son capaces de relacionar los conocimientos, intereses y experiencias de los estudiantes con la propuesta curricular. Una de las principales contribuciones de este estudio es que la revisión en torno a los sentidos del currículum enfatizado en el principio del juego favorecerá una utilización apropiada de los espacios de flexibilidad que esta entrega, permitiendo identificar cómo esto impacta de manera positiva en los estudiantes.
El proceso de construcción curricular de la Ley N°20.911 que diseñó el Plan de Formación Ciudadana y reestableció la asignatura en el currículum de educación media
Authors:   , Fuentes Conejeros Mariela
Published: October 2023

La construcción del currículum es un proceso sociohistórico en el que participan diferentes actores y fuerzas. Desde este enfoque esta investigación analiza el proceso que llevó a la aprobación de la Ley N°20.911, que a partir de 2016 significó para todos los establecimientos escolares, la obligatoriedad de formular un Plan de Formación Ciudadana y, para el Mineduc, diseñar una asignatura obligatoria de Educación Ciudadana para III y IV medio. Esta investigación cualitativa analiza este proceso como un caso particular de definición curricular, puesto que participa una Comisión anticorrupción y el Congreso a través de la formulación de una ley, a diferencia del procedimiento estipulado en la Ley General de Educación para el diseño curricular. El proceso, los enfoques en juego y las tensiones que emergen se analizan a través de tres documentos: el mensaje presidencial con el que inicia el proceso y su proyecto de ley; el debate legislativo contenido en el documento Historia de la Ley N°20.911; y la ley aprobada. A partir del análisis realizado se constata que el apoyo a la formulación de la asignatura fue unánime; que es complejo determinar enfoques de Formación Ciudadana puros, independiente de la tendencia política de quien habla y; que las grandes diferencias tuvieron que ver con el rol del Estado en la construcción curricular y no se centró en los contenidos a prescribir. Finalmente, este proyecto busca aportar a los estudios curriculares desde una perspectiva histórica “preactiva” tratando de enriquecer los análisis y debates futuros en la materia.
Retroalimentación sostenible y evaluación formativa para la escritura histórica: diseño de estrategia evaluativa con foco en evaluación formativa y retroalimentación sostenible para la mejora en escritura histórica de estudiantes de octavo año básico
Authors:   , Escobar Marambio Cristofer Esteban
Published: October 2023

La retroalimentación puede ser una de las estrategias más poderosas para el aprendizaje (Hattie & Timperley, 2007). A pesar de esta virtud, se ha observado en docentes, la dificultad de generar retroalimentaciones con potencial efectivo y alcance oportuno (Contreras & Zúñiga, 2018; CPEIP, 2020), que permitan ser apreciadas y utilizadas por estudiantes para mejorar la calidad de sus trabajos o estrategias de aprendizaje (Carless & Boud, 2018). El interés por promover el uso del lenguaje académico a través del currículum ha propuesto a la escritura como un medio fructífero de alfabetización disciplinar, en favor de democratizar el acceso al conocimiento especializado de las disciplinas (Navarro & Revel, 2013). Los géneros de escritura histórica han contribuido en esa línea, demostrando su efectividad en el aprendizaje histórico de escolares (Coffin, 2006; Henríquez et al., 2018a). La retroalimentación puede ser útil para modelar y mejorar este tipo de desempeño, sobre todo si focaliza aspectos complejos de la escritura (Ávila et al., 2020). Este trabajo implementó una estrategia evaluativa de escritura histórica con foco en la evaluación formativa y retroalimentación, adoptando la lógica del diseño invertido de planificación curricular propuesto por Wiggins & McTighe (2011). Mediante un análisis de datos mixto, se evidencia la mejora en producciones escritas de 61 estudiantes de octavo año básico, a partir de retroalimentaciones generadas por docentes, pares y propios estudiantes. El resultado propone un diseño de una estrategia efectiva de evaluación formativa y sumativa en el aula para alimentar una mirada sostenible de la retroalimentación.
Análisis psicométrico de los instrumentos "Evaluación de la autorregulación emocional en preescolar (EA-P) y reporte de evaluador" en una muestra de preescolares de la región Metropolitana, Chile
Authors:   , Vallejo Yungasaca Jessica Lizeth
Published: October 2023

El presente estudio evaluó el funcionamiento ejecutivo y la capacidad de manejar las emociones en situaciones emocionantes o frustrantes a través de los instrumentos “Evaluación de la Autorregulación Emocional en Preescolar (EA-P) y el Reporte del Evaluador”, que permiten valorar la autorregulación emocional en la primera infancia. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las características psicométricas del EA-P y el Reporte del Evaluador en una muestra de estudiantes de 4 a 6 años de la región Metropolitana de Chile. Dentro de la metodología se realizó la traducción de los instrumentos originales del inglés al español. Para el estudio, se consideró una muestra de 274 niños y niñas, de 4 escuelas particulares subvencionadas, con un índice de vulnerabilidad mayor al 75%. Los resultados del proyecto muestran actividades e ítems que se comportan según los parámetros esperados. En el presente trabajo se demuestran los análisis de confiabilidad y validez para fundamentar el uso de los instrumentos en población chilena. La evidencia sobre consistencia interna arrojó que la (EA-P) posee un índice de confiabilidad de 0,77. En el Reporte del Evaluador se obtuvo un índice de confiabilidad de 0,79, siendo estos resultados aceptables para uso en investigación. Por otro lado, la evidencia que proyecta la validez de las interpretaciones de los puntajes de los instrumentos, es favorable para sugerir el uso de los mismos para los fines propuestos. Finalmente, se discuten los resultados obtenidos con el propósito de aportar con instrumentos que permitan evaluar la autorregulación emocional en el contexto Chileno y se dan recomendaciones para futuros estudios.
Enseñanza y evaluación en el aula de educación ciudadana: análisis de perspectivas en prácticas docentes
Authors:   , Quintanilla Hueichaqueo Andrea Marcela
Published: October 2023

El estudio examina las estrategias metodológicas para el aprendizaje y enseñanza en el aula en la asignatura de Educación Ciudadana realizadas por docentes de Enseñanza Media de establecimientos en la Región Metropolitana. Se caracterizan prácticas de enseñanza y evaluación considerando los lineamientos establecidos en las Bases Curriculares de 3º y 4º medio, 2019. Para estos efectos, se ha realizado una indagación cualitativa desde la tradición fenomenológica considerando el paradigma interpretativo. Asimismo, la técnica de análisis utilizada es el método comparativo constante de datos los cuales fueron obtenidos por dos grupos focales. Los principales hallazgos sugieren que los docentes relevan en el proceso de aprendizaje y evaluación, abordar la dimensión cívica como la dimensión ciudadana propuestas en las bases. Destacan metodologías de enseñanza y evaluación basadas en la dimensión ciudadana, para el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico integrando tópicos como participación ciudadana, derechos humanos y medios de comunicación en la actualidad. Asimismo, sus estrategias buscan desarrollar aprendizaje significativo en sus estudiantes, destacando el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP). Como proyección se puede analizar la relación entre experiencias educativas durante las etapas de formación docente, y elección de herramientas de enseñanza y evaluación en el aula. Asimismo, resulta relevante estudiar las perspectivas de estudiantes que cursan esta asignatura en su rol de agentes evaluativos.
Liderazgo en crisis en contexto de pandemia mundial por COVID-19. Una autoetnografía
Authors:   , Echeverría Valdés Ruth Elizabeth
Published: October 2023

El propósito de este estudio fue conocer cómo enfrenta un líder directivo la crisis por Covid-19 y qué tipo de prácticas de liderazgo directivas le permiten a la escuela seguir cumpliendo su misión educativa. Mediante una investigación cualitativa y utilizando la metodología de la autoetnografía reflexiva se trabajó con un equipo directivo de una escuela particular de Talagante. Se realizó una bitácora a modo de diario personal de investigadora a lo largo de un año y 7 entrevistas en profundidad a los integrantes del equipo directivo. Luego del análisis de los datos se construyeron 4 categorías: a) emociones y sensaciones de los líderes directivos en su gestión en contexto de crisis, b) prácticas de liderazgo del equipo directivo que surgen en contextos de crisis, c) dificultades que encuentran los líderes directivos en contextos de crisis y d) valoraciones que encuentran los líderes directivos en contextos de crisis. Se concluye que para este contexto en particular, se logra hacer frente, no sin costos personales, enfrentándose al miedo e incertidumbre y poniendo muchas veces las capacidades al límite por la sobrecarga, pero también con resiliencia y empatía; en red y colaborativamente, con un liderazgo distribuido y pedagógico, capaz de comunicarse y vincularse con toda la comunidad educativa de forma clara y asertiva, influenciando en la mejora de prácticas que permitan enfrentar el proceso de enseñanza en crisis y tomándola como una oportunidad de crecer. También se concluye que la metodología utilizada para esta investigación, por su naturaleza, permite investigar y generar conocimiento desde la propia experiencia.
El respeto entre profesores y estudiantes en el contexto escolar: un estado del arte
Authors:   , Báez Ledesma Karen María
Published: October 2023

El siguiente estudio busca examinar el abordaje del respeto en el contexto escolar a la luz de la investigación educativa reciente, específicamente la relación de respeto entre profesores y estudiantes. De la revisión de 23 estudios de carácter empírico, fue posible proporcionar una sistematización de las investigaciones en función de sus resultados, esto es: se identifican los principales tópicos que derivan de la literatura examinada y posteriormente, como un aporte adicional, se analiza, según su enfoque metodológico, el género de la autoría y ubicación geográfica. Los resultados arrojan el significado y construcción del respeto como un fenómeno relacional de suma importancia para sus actores y a la vez frágil de sostener, así como sus implicancias en la convivencia escolar, aprendizajes, bienestar docente y formación ciudadana, entre otros variados aspectos. Se releva, por tanto, no solo la necesidad de indagar sobre las relaciones de respeto en los contextos educativos, sino también, se constata que la escuela actual se ve altamente exigida en tener que reflexionar sobre el respeto y buscar maneras de promoverlo. De aquí, entonces, es que se propone una serie de "pistas curriculares" que buscarán orientar el quehacer educativo al interior de las comunidades escolares, específicamente chilenas.
Experiencias en la toma de decisiones en el proceso de selección de directores por parte del equipo directivo de un Servicio Local de Educación: un estudio de caso
Authors:   , Vicuña Vicuña Loreto
Published: October 2023

El propósito de este estudio es comprender las experiencias más significativas de un equipo directivo en el proceso de selección de directores mediante el Sistema de Alta Dirección Pública, en el Servicio Local de Educación de Barrancas, comuna de Pudahuel. A través de un análisis de estudio de caso exploratorio, que fue abordado mediante un diseño de investigación cualitativa, por medio de entrevistas virtuales en profundidad y una de manera presencial, junto a un cuestionario en línea que se aplicó a cinco profesionales miembros del equipo directivo del S.L.E.P. La importancia de este estudio está en generar buenos procesos de selección, para atraer a los mejores directivos al servicio público y de esta manera mejorar los aprendizajes de todos los estudiantes. También para dar cuenta de los objetivos se buscó indagar en las experiencias más significativas, principales aprendizajes y los desafíos para futuros procesos. El principal resultado evidencia experiencias y percepciones en la toma de decisiones, relacionadas al proceso de selección de directores (as), generando con esto buenos procesos y legitimando los mismos, para las comunidades educativas.
Excalibur key-generation protocols for dag hierarchic decryption
Authors:   , Monsalve Santander Geraldine
Published: October 2023

Aplicaciones criptográficas de llave pública usualmente requieren estructurar privilegios de desencriptación acorde a alguna jerarquía. Para evitar filtraciones y transferencias de las llaves secretas, usualmente esto se resuelve mediante procesos de re-rencriptación o recurriendo a entidades confiables. En un enfoque inicial Goubin y Vial-Prado aprovechan el esquema de encriptación multillave FHE-NTRU para proponer los protocolos Excalibur. Estos protocolos definen privilegios de desencriptación al momento de la creación de llaves, evitando filtraciones de cada uno de los secretos involucrados, incluso por parte de quien posee la llave poderosa, i.e. los privilegios de desencriptación. Los algoritmos se definen para escenarios con dos participantes, y se extienden para cadenas de participantes con privilegios de desencriptación heredables. En esta tesis proponemos nuevos protocolos para la generación de llaves Excalibur, en un escenario de jerarquía DAG, extendiendo así el trabajo previo de Goubin y Vial-Prado. Además, se presentan demostraciones formales de seguridad en presencia de adversarios semi-honestos, donde el caso base de nuestras demostraciones de seguridad pueden considerarse como una prueba basada en simulación más formal del trabajo anteriormente mencionado. Finalmente, nuestros protocolos son compatibles con las propiedades homomórficas del esquema FHE-NTRU.
SIGNOS INTERPRETANTES NA COMUNICAÇÃO EM UMA ATIVIDADE DE MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA COM EXPERIMENTAÇÃO
Authors: Rocha Robson Aparecido Ramos , Da Silva Karina Alessandra Pessoa
Published: October 2023

Neste artigo apresentamos resultados parciais de uma pesquisa que buscou evidenciar a aprendizagem de estudantes da Educação Básica a partir da comunicação ao desenvolverem atividades de Modelagem Matemática com experimentação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa cujos dados foram analisados conforme as orientações da Análise de Conteúdo. Em nossa investigação, tratamos a comunicação à luz da semiótica peirceana, como uma produção de signos interpretantes a serem interpretados. O olhar semiótico a partir dos papéis dos signos interpretantes permitiu o levantamento das categorias intensões e objetivos, ideias e experiências e a categoria meios de tratamento. Por meio das categorias foi possível evidenciar a comunicação na sala de aula e como a comunicação conduziu os estudantes ao aprendizado.
DOS MEDOS E MISTÉRIOS AOS DIVERTIMENTOS
Authors: Furtado Heitor Luiz , Quitzau Evelise Amgarten , Moraes e Silva Marcelo
Published: October 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as transformações relativas às interpretações sobre a natureza que culminaram em novos processos de educação do corpo e na constituição de um discurso referente à cultura física na cidade de Blumenau no Estado de Santa Catarina. As fontes utilizadas foram os relatórios escritos pelo diretor da colônia, bem como cartas, imagens e diários. As análises evidenciam que o desenvolvimento da colônia e da posterior cidade possibilitou novas interpretações e entendimentos sobre a relação indivíduo/natureza/educação. A título de conclusão aponta-se que a pequena localidade foi aos poucos necessitando gerenciar cada vez mais os perigos e mistérios da natureza o que resultou na formação de novos indivíduos e com rupturas nos modos de ver, olhar e educar o corpo.
Impact of Industrial Sector Growth on Nigeria Economy
Authors: Okechukwu Nwokoye, Matthew , Florence Nwokocha, Azuka , Machi, Ignatius Okoye  , Nkechi Onwuka, Irene , Chidinna Okechukwu, Stanley , Chika Ekwugha, Juliet , Marycynthia Odunukwe, Chiamaka
Published: October 2023

Successive administrations in Nigeria have initiated one policy or the other aimed at advancing the economy through industrialization. In spite of these industrial policies, Nigeria is still at the bottom rung of development ladder as the industrial sector which was at a time contributing about 13 per cent to the GDP, and second largest employer of labour is now in comatose. Owing to this fact, this research is centered on the impact of industrial sector on Nigeria economy. It covers a period of 31years from 1990-2021. The data used for the analysis are secondary data sources from Central Bank Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and other sources. The method of analysis adopted for the study is Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Cointegration test was also used to check the long run relationship among the variables. From the result of the OLS, it is observed that industry value added, gross capital fixed formation, labor force participation rate and trade openness which are the explanatory variables have a positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria and a long run relationship exists among the variables. The study therefore recommends that the nation’s industrial capacity should be utilized to avoid idle human and material resources. The study suggests that more labor should be employed and capital formation be encouraged to induce investment.
Urban Water Management Linked to WASH (SDG-6) of Greater Hyderabad City, India
Authors: Mishra Siba Prasad , Sethi Kumar Chandra , Barik Kamal Kumar
Published: October 2023

The water planning of the Musi River sub-basin, a tributary of the river Krishna faces challenges of urban floods, drainage disposal, and irrigation deficiencies which must be addressed with the escalation of the demography of Hyderabad city.  The river is of length 240km and lies in Telangana state of the basin area of about 11270km2 and is of urban origin and is the lifeline to Hyderabad City. The 21st-century status of the river is polluted and needs immediate rejuvenation. In the present case, the hydrologic model is structured using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool, ArcSWAT10.3.1, that builds up having an interface with ArcGIS 10.3.1, ERDAS IMAGINE to the DEM Data from Satellite origin (LISS-III RESOURCESAT-1), and SWAT Model to study the soil characteristics Musi Basin, Watershed delineation, HRU Analysis, slope delineation, and reclassification of the basin against Land use (LU). The bearing to the LU changes of the Musi and adjacent basins have been investigated during the years 2005-2006 and 2015-2016.  The study has inferred that Sustainable Development Goal 6.1 (SDG) has been well attempted by the basin managers and administration but failed to achieve SDG (6-2) to have bearable portable quality drinking water, effective management of wastewater and ecosystems to protect the people of Hyderabad and its environment. The Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) for one million slum dwellers have been neglected. The model results infer that the sediment fluctuation is due to expansion and changes in the city, agricultural practices, and industrial establishments. Recommendations for effectively moderating floods, 100% sewage and septage disposals, and crop planning in the basin are discussed.
Demographic Factors Affecting Acceptability of COVID 19 Vaccination: Experience from Community Members in Iringa Municipality
Authors: Haule Rufina Carlos , Msomba Given , Pesha John
Published: October 2023

COVID 19 vaccination was fast key intervention against the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine acceptance among community members is essential to promote uptake. This study, aimed to examine how demographic factors affected accessibility of COVID 19 vaccination in Tanzania among community members. The study was mixed method research approach in nature where cross section research design was used to capture data at one time. The study employed a sample size of 120 respondents, including vaccinated, non vaccinated, key informants and respondents for focus group discussion from three wards in Iringa Municipality 0n June to July 2022.  Simple random sampling was used to select 54 non vaccinated and 10 respondents for focus group discussion, snow ball for 54 vaccinated and purposively for 2 key informants. Both qualitative and quantitative data gathering techniques were employed in the study. Using descriptive statistical analysis, findings revealed that demographic factors such as elderly people, men, people with low education and entrepreneurs have an effect on public acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine. In fact, administering vaccines has a big influence on the success of handling the Covid-19 pandemic. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out further studies regarding the effect of these factors in receiving the Covid-19 vaccine.
Effect of Pre-Storage Edible Coating on Post Harvest Quality of Guava Fruits cv. Lalit Under Ambient Condition
Authors: Singh Archit , Singh B. K. , Barman Kalyan , Singh Anand Kumar
Published: October 2023

A significant fruit crop, the guava (Psidium guajava L.), is grown around the world in a wide range of tropical and subtropical climates. The shelf life of guavas is short, and they ripen quickly after being harvested. This limited shelf life necessitates effective management techniques to ensure a consistent market supply through post-harvest treatments to extend the storage life. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of different treatments on the quality attributes of guava fruit cv. Lalit at 3-day intervals during storage. The experiment was carried out in the Postharvest Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. The findings from our investigation revealed that guava fruits harvested at the mature green stage and treated with Carboxy methylcellulose (CMC) and sodium alginate, maintained their desirable chemical and functional qualities for an extended period, up to 12 days of storage. Specifically, the post-harvest treatment using CMC (1.5%) proved to be exceptionally effective in reducing physiological weight loss and decay loss and retarding the increase in total carotenoids and lycopene content. Additionally, it delayed the decline in total soluble solids, ascorbic acid content, chlorophyll content, total antioxidant capacity and phenolic content throughout the storage period. Therefore, this treatment showed excellent results in extending the shelf life of guava fruits and maintaining their post-harvest quality by delaying the processes of ripening and senescence, lowering spoilage, and improving marketability and appearance.
Efficacy of Sesame Oil and mustard Oil Formulations against Red Spider Mite of Tea
Authors: Konwar Joyshree , Hazarika Bidisha , Saikia Gautam Kr. , Gogoi Inee , Roy Somnath , Bora Anubrat
Published: October 2023

Crude formulations of sesame and mustard oil at 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% concentration with or without the addition of cow urine were assessed against red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae (Nietner) in the laboratory. Efficacy tests on oviposition rate, egg hatchability, mortality of nymph and adult mites proved that sesame oil 1%, with or without the addition of cow urine was found to be effective in reducing the rate oviposition and egg hatchability of mites and was at par with the formulation prepared from commercial neem (1 : 1500). Formulations of sesame oil at the rate of 0.75% and 1% with or without cow urine were found to be highly effective for mortality of nymphs and adults of red spider mite respectively which were at par with the formulation prepared from commercial neem.
Implementation of a Real-Time IoT Based Energy Management System
Authors: Yahya Musa Shuaib , Muhammad Bilyamin , Abubakar Mohammed Ahmed , Abdullahi Usman Ismail , Musa Zainab Ishaq
Published: October 2023

Energy Management System has received a lot of attention from both academia and industries due to the rate of energy consumed by electrical appliances. These industries are faced with inflation in the cost of electrical bills. Therefore, this study presents the design and implementation of a real-time IoT based Energy Management System (EMS) to reduce the inflation in the cost of these electrical bills. The system comprises four (4) basic units namely; the sensing unit, control unit, display unit and switching unit. The sensing unit comprises of two sensors namely; Current Transformer (CT) sensor and voltage sensor which senses and measures the parameters (voltage and current) and sends the parameters to the control unit. This control unit comprises two (2) microcontrollers namely; Arduino Nano and ESP32. The Arduino Nano processes the received data from the sensing unit and sends the processed data to the display unit and ESP32 microcontroller for real-time monitoring. In addition, the ESP32 microcontroller sends the processed data to the cloud. Furthermore, the web-based application receives the measured parameters from the cloud and thus, allowing the user to monitor as well as control the rate of energy consumption of electrical appliances. The experimental results obtained showed that the developed system efficiently monitors and control the rate of energy consumption of the three applied loads (Edison 2.7 bulb, standing fan and phone charger). Hence, reduces the cost of electrical bills consumed by these appliances.
Lead Extraction and Mortality Among Patients With Cardiac Implanted Electronic Device Infection
Authors: Pokorney Sean D. , Zepel Lindsay , Greiner Melissa A. , Fowler Vance G. , Black-Maier Eric , Lewis Robert K. , Hegland Donald D. , Granger Christopher B. , Epstein Laurence M. , Carrillo Roger G. , Wilkoff Bruce L. , Hardy Chantelle , Piccini Jonathan P.
Published: October 2023

Importance

Complete hardware removal is a class I recommendation for cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection, but practice patterns and outcomes remain unknown.

Objective

To quantify the number of Medicare patients with CIED infections who underwent implantation from 2006 to 2019 and lead extraction from 2007 to 2019 to analyze the outcomes in these patients in a nationwide clinical practice cohort.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study included fee-for-service Medicare Part D beneficiaries from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2019, who had a de novo CIED implantation and a CIED infection more than 1 year after implantation. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2019.

Exposure

A CIED infection, defined as (1) endocarditis or infection of a device implant and (2) documented antibiotic therapy.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcomes of interest were device infection, device extraction, and all-cause mortality. Time-varying multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between extraction and survival.

Results

Among 1 065 549 patients (median age, 78.0 years [IQR, 72.0-84.0 years]; 50.9% male), mean (SD) follow-up was 4.6 (2.9) years after implantation. There were 11 304 patients (1.1%) with CIED infection (median age, 75.0 years [IQR, 67.0-82.0 years]); 60.1% were male, and 7724 (68.3%) had diabetes. A total of 2102 patients with CIED infection (18.6%) underwent extraction within 30 days of diagnosis. Infection occurred a mean (SD) of 3.7 (2.4) years after implantation, and 1-year survival was 68.3%. There was evidence of highly selective treatment, as most patients did not have extraction within 30 days of diagnosed infection (9202 [81.4%]), while 1511 (13.4%) had extraction within 6 days of diagnosis and 591 (5.2%) had extraction between days 7 and 30. Any extraction was associated with lower mortality compared with no extraction (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.82; 95% CI, 0.74-0.90; P < .001). Extraction within 6 days was associated with even lower risk of mortality (AHR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.61-0.78; P < .001).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study, a minority of patients with CIED infection underwent extraction. Extraction was associated with a lower risk of death compared with no extraction. The findings suggest a need to improve adherence to guideline-directed care among patients with CIED infection.
An Elderly Woman With Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Idris Amr , Cavalcante João L. , Lin David
Published: October 2023

A woman in her 90s presented to the emergency department with fever, hemoptysis, and syncopal episodes. An electrocardiogram showed monomorphic ventricular tachycardia with a morphology suggesting right ventricular (RV) origin. What would you do next?
Generalized Verrucosis on a Background of 3C Syndrome Treated With Subcutaneous IgG Supplementation
Authors: Fukaura Ryo , Terashima-Murase Chiaki , Tanahashi Kana , Sato Yoshitaka , Kawase Masaaki , Kato Kohji , Akiyama Masashi
Published: October 2023

This case report describes a man in his 20s with 3C/Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome who presented to the dermatology department after developing multiple skin lesions.
Janus Kinase Inhibitors and Adverse Events of Acne
Authors: Martinez Jeremy , Manjaly Cyriac , Manjaly Priya , Ly Sophia , Zhou Guohai , Barbieri John , Mostaghimi Arash
Published: October 2023

Importance

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are increasingly used across a range of dermatologic conditions. Adverse events of acne have been noted in some studies in clinical practice, but the scope of this outcome across JAK inhibitors has not been established.

Objective

To systematically analyze all published phase 2 and 3 placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of JAK inhibitors for the risk of acne as an adverse effect of these medications.

Data Sources

Comprehensive search of Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed databases through January 31, 2023.

Study Selection

Inclusion criteria were phase 2 and 3 placebo-controlled RCTs of JAK inhibitors published in English with reported adverse events of acne.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Two reviewers independently reviewed and extracted information from all included studies.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of acne following JAK inhibitor use. A meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models.

Results

A total of 25 unique studies (10 839 unique participants; 54% male and 46% female) were included in the final analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated to be 3.83 (95% CI, 2.76-5.32) with increased ORs for abrocitinib (13.47 [95% CI, 3.25-55.91]), baricitinib (4.96 [95% CI, 2.52-9.78]), upadacitinib (4.79 [95% CI, 3.61-6.37]), deucravacitinib (2.64 [95% CI, 1.44-4.86]), and deuruxolitinib (3.30 [95% CI, 1.22-8.93]). Estimated ORs were higher across studies investigating the use of JAK inhibitors for the management of dermatologic compared with nondermatologic conditions (4.67 [95% CI, 3.10-7.05]) as well as for JAK1-specific inhibitors (4.69 [95% CI, 3.56-6.18]), combined JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitors (3.43 [95% CI, 2.14-5.49]), and tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitors (2.64 [95% CI, 1.44-4.86]).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, JAK inhibitor use was associated with an elevated odds of acne. Patients should be properly counseled on this potential adverse effect of these medications before treatment initiation. Future studies are needed to further elucidate the pathophysiology of this association.
Anifrolumab for Adolescent Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Shaw Katharina S. , Rajeh Ahmad , Le Todd , Kahn Philip J. , Oza Vikash S. , Arkin Lisa M. , Vleugels Ruth Ann
Published: October 2023

This case series describes the outcomes among adolescent patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and refractory discoid lupus erythematosus treated with anifrolumab.
Expansion of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening and Ultrasound Utilization and Diagnosis
Authors: Ho Vy Thuy , Cabot John H. , George Elizabeth L. , Garcia-Toca Manuel , Chen Jonathan H. , Asch Steven M. , Lee Jason T.
Published: October 2023

This cohort study uses a deidentified national administrative claims database to assess the association of eligibility expansion with abdominal aortic aneurysm screening and diagnosis.
Coordination and Gapping in Words
Authors: Chaves Rui P.
Published: October 2023

This is a survey entry on a phenomenon whereby sub‐lexical units can be omitted/coordinated, in apparent violation of standard assumptions about Lexical Integrity, which states that syntactic operations cannot access the internal structure of words. What is perhaps most remarkable about the process in question is that it blurs the distinction between syntax and morphology. There are also subtle morphophonological constraints at work which restrict the data in complex ways, such as degree of grammaticalization, sense identity and phonological independence. Section 1 provides an overview of the main empirical facts surrounding the phenomena. Section 2 focuses on cases where initial word‐parts are coordinated/omitted (‘Backward Word Gapping’), highlights its connection to so‐called Right‐Node Raising phenomena, and discusses the various analyses proposed for these constructions in the literature. Conversely, Section 3 focuses on cases where non‐initial word‐parts are coordinated/omitted (‘Forward Word Gapping’), its similarity with Dependent Cluster Coordination, and extant accounts.
Morphophonological Asymmetries in Affixation
Authors: Raffelsiefen Renate
Published: October 2023

Morphophonological asymmetries in affixation concern systematic correlations between morphological properties of affixes (e.g. combination with bound versus free stems, position relative to stem (suffixes versus prefixes)) and their phonological properties (e.g. stress behaviour). The arguably most insightful approach to capturing relevant asymmetries invokes a notion of affix coherence, first introduced by Dixon in connection with his work on Yidiɲ, a nearly extinct language spoken in Northern Australia. This notion is based on a categorical division of affixes into ones that integrate into the phonological word of the stem and ones that do not. The integration of affixes is envisioned as being fully determined by phonological and morphological structure in a given language and verifiable by diagnostics relevant to phonological word domains (primarily the syllable and the foot structure). The assumption of two types of prosodic domains characterized by integrated versus non‐integrated affixes is manifest in consistent asymmetries that pertain to morphophonological, phonological, and phonetic rules. This consistency constitutes compelling evidence for the structure‐based analysis of the impact of various affixes on derived words, as opposed to alternative approaches to capturing these effects by associating affixes with diacritics (morpheme versus word boundary, class 1 versus class 2, stratum 1 versus stratum 2). The present entry aims to demonstrate, mostly on the basis of data from Germanic languages, the breadth of the empirical evidence in support of a fundamental role of affix coherence. Moreover, it aims to draw attention to the various implications of affix coherence for modeling relevant generalizations, in particular the necessary reference to a level of phonological representation characterized by a specific degree of abstractness (‘phonemic’).
Polysemy of Affixes
Authors: Janda Laura A.
Published: October 2023

Polysemy is defined as a multiplicity of related meanings connected by a single linguistic form. Polysemy can be understood in relation to both homonymy and contextual variation. Homonymy presents unrelated inventories of meanings connected by a given form, while contextual variation describes meanings that can be attributed to the effects of context. Polysemy borders on both homonymy and contextual variation, and the boundaries between these three phenomena may be indistinct. Polysemy is recognized as a network of meanings structured via various kinds of association, such as metaphor and metonymy. This entry provides concrete examples of such semantic networks connected with affixes. Two systems of affixation illustrate the polysemy of affixes: Russian aspectual prefixes and Czech derivational suffixes. Polysemy is the norm in both systems, and individual affixes are singled out for more detailed analysis. Each Russian prefix expresses a prototypical ‘path’ or trajectory in combination with motion verbs, and these meanings are variously extended when prefixes are combined with other verbs. Together the meanings form a radial category network. The meanings of Czech derivational suffixes are characterized by metonymy patterns such asaction for agent, and each suffix has a profile of metonymy patterns that are also related to one another. In addition to presenting these two case studies, I suggest possible future venues for research on the typological and empirical extent of the polysemy of affixes. The examination of entire systems of polysemous affixes can facilitate typological comparisons across languages. Corpus‐based analyses of type and token frequencies of polysemous affixes and of the relative frequencies of their meanings can shed light on the empirical extent of the phenomenon and help to identify its most common patterns.
Priscianic Word Formation
Authors: Steriade Donca
Published: October 2023

This entry analyses forms of syncretism whose participant expressions – lexically related words or stems, or affixes – appear to be arbitrarily selected. The entry evaluates the evidence for these phenomena and considers some independently justified alternatives for their analysis, including non‐automatic phonological processes and conditions on the optimal mapping between morphosyntactic structures and their phonological exponents.