bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
РОЛЬ ДУХОВНИХ ПРАКТИК У ПРОЦЕСІ ДУХОВНО-ІНТУЇТИВНОГО САМОПРОБУДЖЕННЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ
Authors: Тюріна Тамара
Published: January 2023

Стаття присвячена виявленню ролі духовних практик у процесі духовно-інтуїтивного самопробудження особистості.

Невід’ємною складовою духовного самопробудження людини є розвинута інтуїція, джерелом якої є дух, який і є пов’язуючою ланкою між світом духовним і земним, що і надає можливість особистості бути провідником і носієм духовних знань.

Охарактеризовано види інтуїції залежно від рівня духовного розвитку особистості: інтуїція-передбачення, професійно спрямована інтуїція, духовна інтуїція, яка притаманна духовно пробудженій людині.

Розглянуто шляхи духовно-інтуїтивного самопробудження особистості:

духовні практики (молитва, медитація);

духовне опрацювання відповідних релігійних, духовно-філософських першоджерел, творів високого мистецтва, інформаційно-енергетична взаємодія з якими підвищує духовний рівень людини, пробуджує її духовно-інтуїтивні можливості;

знакові події у житті людини (сильне і глибоке кохання, доленосні зустрічі з носіями духовності; духовні кризи, військові конфлікти та протистояння, страждання, втрати, які сприяють зміні свідомості людини, переосмисленню сенсу свого життя, власних ціннісних орієнтацій тощо).

Розкрито значення молитви та медитації у процесі духовно-інтуїтивного самопробудження особистості. Як приклад наведено духовні практики «Квітка лотоса», які гармонізують внутрішній світ людини, наповнюють її життєдайною енергією любові, світла, радості, щастя, налаштовують на інформаційно-енергетичну співзвучність, адекватну взаємодію з Духовним світом, сприяють духовно-душевному і фізичному оздоровленню особистості.

Представлено результати досліджень науковців щодо впливу стану внутрішнього миру, спокою людини на оздоровлення та гармонізацію соціального довкілля.
СПАДЩИНА РИТОРІВ ТА ОРАТОРІВ ДОБИ АНТИЧНОСТІ В ОРАТОРСЬКІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СУЧАСНОГО ВИКЛАДАЧА
Authors: Красницька Ольга
Published: January 2023

У статті розглянуто історичний аспект становлення риторики як науки про ораторське мистецтво й красномовство. Проаналізовано спадщину риторів та ораторів доби Античності в ораторській діяльності сучасного викладача. Виокремлено основні положення праць давньогрецьких і давньоримських філософів, що складають основу нинішнього риторичного вчення та публічного мовлення. Представлено постаті кращих учителів риторики й ораторів Стародавньої Греції та Стародавнього Риму, які здійснили найбільший внесок у розвиток практики публічного мовлення.

Презентовано погляди Ісократа на риторику як силу знання, що розвиває мисленнєво-мовленнєві якості оратора, та майстерність виголошення публічної промови. Проаналізовано вчення Аристотеля як засновника науки риторики про мистецтво переконання, уміння оратора знаходити можливі способи переконання щодо кожного окремого предмету. Відображено три способи переконання (перші залежать від особистості оратора, другі – від слухача, треті – від самої промови) в ораторській діяльності сучасного викладача. Розкрито формулу публічного виступу. Наголошено на важливості характеристики аудиторії, з якою працює викладач.

Охарактеризовано постать Демосфена як оратора, який оволодів ораторським мистецтвом і красномовством через систематичні тренування, подолавши всі свої вади. З’ясовано, що основною метою його публічних виступів було переконання слухачів та зараження власними ідеями. Виділено цінні для сучасного викладача основні аспекти риторичного вчення Цицерона. Презентовано його погляди на постать оратора, визначено завдання (навчати, приносити насолоду, спонукати) й показано їх реалізацію в ораторській діяльності викладача. Відображено гармонійність у використанні оратором риторичних прийомів і змісту виступу. Представлено вчення Квінтиліана про риторику як науку гарно говорити, охарактеризовано його риторичні настанови оратору.
The Role of Small Business in the Context of the Use of Non-Traditional Renewables Primary Energy Sources
Authors: Chernavskii Sergey Ya.
Published: January 2023

Due to the uneven location of fossil fuel deposits, many countries around the world are forced to import oil, natural gas, and coal to support economic growth and the development of electricity and heat supply, the chemical industry, and transport infrastructure. Global and intercountry trade in such vital energy resources as oil and natural gas largely depends on the economic behavior of major oil and natural gas producers, which, as practice has shown, when their own fields are depleted, from time to time hinders the economic growth of oil and gas-importing countries. The desire of technologically advanced importing countries to free themselves from energy imports has led to the fact that they have now managed to reduce the cost of power generation by solar and wind power plants, so that in some cases they have proven to be cost-effective and can replace some of the oil and/or gas imports. The main economic agents using solar and wind energy are large companies. However, N. E. Egorova and S. A. Nekrasov, based on the fact that both sunlight and wind are sources of primary energy, whose spatial density is lower than that of organic fuels, apparently for the first time in the world scientific literature, investigated the question: whether small and medium businesses could be involved to expand the range and scale of solar and wind energy for electricity generation. To answer this question, N. E. Egorova and S. A. Nekrasov used tectology, a theory proposed by A. A. Bogdanov in the early 1920s. With its help they got a positive answer. It was supported by taking into account the vertical location of sunlight receivers, which expanded the area of localization of solar power plants. This article is devoted to the same question. The analysis showed that the prospect of participation of small and medium-sized businesses (SMB) is niche in nature and attracting investors in this area of human activity is possible if the economic characteristics of localized solar and wind power plant projects are acceptable to investors.
Occurrence of Bleeding Complications of Radial and Femoral Artery Routes in Patients Undergoing Percutanous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Tareen Huma Naeem , Saif Mohsin , Baloch Faiza Parveen
Published: January 2023

Background: Percutaneous coronary angiography and percutaneous trans-luminal coronary angioplasty are the standard diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for coronary artery disease [1]. Angiography/ percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is usually performed by the femoral and radial artery routes. However, the ulnar artery can also be used [2]. Conventionally, the femoral route has been favored for coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention, but there is growing interest for radial access due to reduced hemorrhagic complications during and after the procedure. This is due to the fact that severe bleeding is considered a determinant of poor prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome [3]. In the current practice of interventional cardiology, it has been recognized that bleeding has become the most common early complication associated with PCI [4]. Objective: To determine the frequency of bleeding complications of radial and femoral artery routes (major bleeding and localized hematoma formation) in patients undergoing Percutanous Coronary Intervention. Setting: This cross sectional study Department of Cardiology, Cardiology, AFIC & National Institute of Heart Diseases Rawalpindi. Methodology: Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria was recruited for the study after informed consent and explanation about risks and benefits of the procedure. Bleeding complications was determined in transradial or transfemoral access groups undergoing Percutanous Coronary Intervention. The data was gathered through a pre-tested questionnaire after informed consent. Every patient was given an ID, Privacy of the patient was ensured. Post procedure patient was examined immediately for localized swelling, hematoma formation and hemoglobin were assessed. Results: Total 205 patients were included according to the inclusion criteria of the study. Mean age (years) in the study was 53.51 ± 13.97 whereas there were 146 (71.2) male and 59 (28.8) female patients who were included in the study according to the inclusion criteria. Frequency and percentage of localized haematoma among radial and femoral artery was 02 (2.1) and 06 (5.6) respectively and retroperitonial haematoma among radial and femoral artery was 8 (8.2) and 17 (15.7) respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that common bleeding complications were observed more in femoral artery route then radial artery route. Future studies must be conduct at multiple setups to know the proportion of bleeding complication either in radial or femoral artery route, so that to suggest a uniform protocol for the management of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Bed Bath and Sleep in Critically Ill Patients - An Observational Study
Authors: Alves Pedrão Rodolfo Augusto , Riella Rodrigo J , Valderramas Silvia
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Critically ill patients are at risk of sleep deprivation. Sleep promotion should be routinely implemented. Passive body heating has the potential to promote sleep. It is not known whether it can be obtained with a bed bath in the intensive care unit. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, we compared the sleep of 30 adult critically ill patients in two sequential nights – without and with bed bath, recording potential intervening environmental and clinical factors. Additionally, we monitored the impact of baths on participants' body temperature, checking for correlations between changes triggered by bath and sleep parameters. Sleep was assessed with bispectral index and with Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. Environmental noise and luminance were measured with decibel and lux meters. Temperature was measured with iButtons sensors. Results: Patients had reduced total sleep time in both nights of observation (medians of 170 and 177 minutes), without reaching deep sleep. There was no difference in sleep between both nights of observation. We recorded high noise levels in both nights of observation (57dB) and bathing nights were associated with greater exposure to light. There was moderate correlation between epigastric temperature oscillation with bathing and sleep volume, but epigastric temperature predicts neither total sleep volume nor continuous sleep volume. Conclusion: In critically ill adult patients, nighttime bed baths do not correlate with sleep, but are associated with increased exposure to light. Post-bath epigastric skin temperature correlates with sleep volume but does not predict it.
Vocabulary acquisition on young learners through the use of realia media
Authors: Rahmayani Fitri Ana
Published: January 2023

Learning is an activity that a person does to gain knowledge. As stated below, the teaching and learning process cannot be separated. The reason is both are essential in receiving new knowledge for students. This research aims to know the vocabulary acquisition of young learners through realia media of the fifth grade students of SDN Cangkring Malang 3. The method of this research use a qualitative method. The population of this research was the fifth grade students in SDN Cangkring Malang 3. The total sample of this research consisted of 6 students of elementary school for the fifth grade. The instrument used by the researcher is field note, pen, laptop, and some of the real object. The result of the research showed that the application of vocabulary acquisition with realia by applying with three period lessons methods is significant improve students' vocabulary mastery and also it is effective to interest in young learner to feel the new nuance, fun and an enjoyable learning process. This is having a positive impact on improving vocabulary acquisition of students.
Investigating the pleasure of reading habit during the Covid-19 pandemic: A study in University of Islam Malang
Authors: Ayuningtyas Rara Dwi , Yunus Muhammad
Published: January 2023

This research aimed at investigating the students' pleasure reading habit during pandemic since they spend most of their time at home including their school activities done at home. This research used qualitative descriptive method. There were 25 students of 8th semester of English education Department of University of Islam Malang as the subjects of this study. The data were collected using questionnaire and interview. The findings showed that the students' reading habits during this pandemic continued but with a different frequency than before the pandemic. Then, the students revealed that their duration of using devices, especially mobile phones increased because they spent most of their time at home during the pandemic. All students said that they used their mobile phones more often to read because it was more practical. Next, from the data collected, it could be concluded that the main factor that hindered students from reading during the pandemic was social media.
INTEGRATED BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS TO EVALUATE TARGET GENES AND PATHWAYS IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: ALTINOK GÜNEŞ Buket
Published: January 2023

Objective: The most common type of leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), is characterized by progressive accumulation of monoclonal B cells with a specific immunophenotype in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid organ. The goal of this research was to use bioinformatic analysis to comprehend the molecular mechanisms causing CLL and to investigate potential targets for the diagnosis and therapy of CLL.

Material and Method: Expression data from CLL patients with accession numbers GSE22529 and GSE26725 were downloaded from the GEO database for bioinformatic analysis. GSE22529 data was studied with samples from 41 CLL patients and 11 healthy groups, while GSE26725 data was studied with blood samples from 12 CLL patients and 5 healthy groups. GEO2R was used to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CLL patient samples and healthy control samples. The DAVID program was used to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analyses on DEGs. Using the Cytoscape software, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created, and hub genes associated with CLL were identified.

Result and Discussion: DEGs with p 0.05 and log2FC 0, log2FC>0 were chosen after analysis with GEO2R. In the GSE22529 dataset, 942 genes had higher expression levels in CLL patients compared with controls, while the expression of 1007 genes decreased. In the GSE26725 dataset, CLL patients had lower expression levels for 916 genes compared with controls, while 939 genes showed an increase in expression. 229 DEGs with higher expression levels and 308 DEGs with lower expression levels were found in both sets of data. It has been observed that these common genes, whose expression has changed, are enriched in protein processing in the ER, Chemokine, B-cell receptor, T-cell receptor, protein export pathways. Additionally, DDOST, RPL18, RPL18A, RPL19, RPL31, GNB3, GNB4, GNG11, GNGT1, NEDD8, UBE2M RBX1, FBXO21, SKP1, KLHL9 and CAND1 were identified as the most important genes. Our study's findings demonstrated that newly discovered genes and pathways may be candidates for CLL biomarkers that can be used for both the diagnosis and drug treatment of the disease.
Towards Linking Climate and Weather Phenomena to Road Safety Outcome Part 3 of 3: Short-term influences of weather patterns
Authors: Gaffney John , Hovenden Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

This paper is the last of a three-part series. Part 1 identified the breadth of weather factors collectively contributing to crash risk and consolidated relevant research. Part 2 illustrated the cyclic nature of climate, weather, and crashes and how they vary over time. In part 3, the differences in weather conditions on days with high and low casualty crash numbers, days with high fatal crash numbers, and long sequences of days with and without fatal crashes were analysed using readily available Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) metrics: maximum and minimum daily temperature, daily rainfall, 6-hour synoptic charts, daily solar radiation, and water vapour pressure (for 9am and 3pm). The results showed marked differences between high and low casualty crash days. Spatial distributions of daily crashes show alignment with the movement of weather patterns across Victoria as observed in synoptic charts, particularly in relation to low pressure systems and troughs, likely duration of damp pavement conditions and periods of extreme heat and cold (well above or well below average for that time of year in that location). Understanding how specific climate and weather events can influence crash risk may help develop additional strategies to improve road safety and reach the target of zero deaths.
Understanding and improving temporary road sign stability
Authors: Kumar Anandanarayanan Nanda , Guzzomi Andrew Louis , Amoh-Gyimah Richard , Ellis Peter , Wiseman Brendon
Published: January 2023

Temporary road signage is used throughout road networks to regulate traffic and provide warnings to road users. Wind and other factors induce frequent falling of temporary road signage and are a major road safety concern that needs to be addressed. The main aim of this paper was to gain an understanding of temporary road sign stability in the presence of passing road trains and investigate the possibility of stabilising temporary road signage through appropriate design modifications. Simulations and experimental trials were carried out to assess the stability of current temporary road signs used in the industry. This analysis used Ansys Fluent to simulate fluid dynamics in order to infer road sign stability. A field experimental trial was performed in Western Australia’s Pilbara Region using a modified temporary road sign developed based on the outcome of the Ansys simulation. The findings from the simulations showed that the current design is unstable and highly prone to wind induced failure. The simulations suggest that road train transit at 100 km/h is capable of inducing approximately 8 m/s wind velocity in the proximity of the sign, which is greater than that permissible for a rigid sign with no leg mobility. Field trials showed that the modified sign remained stable at 1.2 m from the edge line although it was still prone to falling over at closer distances.
Habitat conditions for Desmidiales algae in the water bodies of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra
Authors: Skorobogatova Olga N. , Moskaleva Anna S.
Published: January 2023

The habitat conditions of algae Desmidales in the sphagnum bogs of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug ‒ Yugra are analyzed. The results of studies of desmid algae found in the swamps of the region are presented, their spatial distribution is indicated. The dominant species of Desmidiales include: Actinotaenium cucurbitinum, Actinotaenium rufescens, Bambusina borreri, Closterium baillyanum, Pleurotaenium minutum f. minus and Staurastrum dilatatum. The uneven development of algae in the research areas was established. The limiting effect on the species composition and number of cells is the pollution of water and swamp mass with oil and oil products, low water temperature, and insufficient illumination. The highest qualitative and quantitative indicators of desmid algae were obtained at pH 3.5, water temperature in the range of 13.0–25°C, under open water conditions.
Determining the presence of medicinal preparations in the zoobenthos of Lake Baika
Authors: Telnova Tamara Y. , Morgunova Maria M. , Shashkina Sophia S. , Vlasova Anfisa A. , Misharina Evgenia A. , Imidoeva Natalia A. , Dmitrieva Maria E. , Malygina Ekaterina V. , Belyshenko Alexander Y. , Axenov-Gribanov Denis V.
Published: January 2023

Currently, pollution of aquatic ecosystems is an important and urgent problem. All pollutants, including antibiotics and drugs, enter water bodies through air and sewage, where they accumulate in their inhabitants. Therefore, the main purpose of the study is to determine the presence of drugs in hydrobionts.
PARTNERSHIP OF THE STATE AND BUSINESS CORPORATIONS AS A BASIS FOR LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CREATION OF SYSTEM-FORMING INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES OF PRIMORSKY KRAI)
Authors: ILYICHEV  MIKHAIL , SEMIKIN  EGOR
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of the analysis of the interaction of the state and business corporations in the formation and implementation of system-forming infrastructure projects in the Primorsky Krai. The importance of infrastructure development, as the results of the study show, is reflected in the position of heads of State, the international community, scientists and the public. This is evidenced by the creation of the UN Sustainable Development Concept, which pays great attention to infrastructure issues (within the framework of this concept, infrastructure should be socially oriented, environmentally friendly). When identifying the features of interaction between the state and business corporations within the framework of creating infrastructure system-forming objects (on the example of Primorsky Krai), research methods were used: content analysis; methods of economic analysis; general empirical research methods (analysis, synthesis, classification, comparison).
Evaluation of cell adhesion and osteoconductivity in bone substitutes modified by polydopamine
Authors: Mahnavi Ali , Shahriari-Khalaji Mina , Hosseinpour Bahareh , Ahangarian Mostafa , Aidun Amir , Bungau Simona , Hassan Syed Shams ul
Published: January 2023

Bones damaged due to disease or accidents can be repaired in different ways. Tissue engineering has helped with scaffolds made of different biomaterials and various methods. Although all kinds of biomaterials can be useful, sometimes their weakness in cellular activity or osteoconductivity prevents their optimal use in the fabrication of bone scaffolds. To solve this problem, we need additional processes, such as surface modification. One of the common methods is coating with polydopamine. Polydopamine can not only cover the weakness of the scaffolds in terms of cellular properties, but it can also create or increase osteoconductivity properties. Polydopamine creates a hydrophilic layer on the surface of scaffolds due to a large number of functional groups such as amino and hydroxyl groups. This layer allows bone cells to anchor and adheres well to the surfaces. In addition, it creates a biocompatible environment for proliferation and differentiation. Besides, the polydopamine coating makes the surfaces chemically active by catechol and amine group, and as a result of their presence, osteoconductivity increases. In this mini-review, we investigated the characteristics, structure, and properties of polydopamine as a modifier of bone substitutes. Finally, we evaluated the cell adhesion and osteoconductivity of different polydopamine-modified bone scaffolds.
Effects of cervical rotatory manipulation on the cervical spinal cord complex with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the vertebral canal: A finite element study
Authors: Xue Fan , Deng Hao , Chen Zujiang , Yang Han , Li Yikai , Yuan Shiguo , Zheng Nansheng , Chen Meixiong
Published: January 2023

Background: There are few studies focusing on biomechanism of spinal cord injury according to the ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) during cervical rotatory manipulation (CRM). This study aimed to explore the biomechanical effects of CRM on the spinal cord, dura matter and nerve roots with OPLL in the cervical vertebral canal.

Methods: Three validated FE models of the craniocervical spine and spinal cord complex were constructed by adding mild, moderate, and severe OPLL to the healthy FE model, respectively. We simulated the static compression of the spinal cord by OPLL and the dynamic compression during CRM in the flexion position. The stress distribution of the spinal cord complex was investigated.

Results: The cervical spinal cord experienced higher von Mises stress under static compression by the severe OPLL. A higher von Mises stress was observed on the spinal cord in the moderate and severe OPLL models during CRM. The dura matter and nerve roots had a higher von Mises stress in all three models during CRM.

Conclusion: The results show a high risk in performing CRM in the flexion position on patients with OPLL, in that different occupying ratios in the vertebral canal due to OPLL could significantly increase the stress on the spinal cord complex.
Knocking out central metabolism genes to identify new targets and alternating substrates to improve lipid synthesis in Y. lipolytica
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Gu Yang , Yan Yijing , Ma Jingbo , Sun Xiaoman , Xu Peng
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Systematic gene knockout studies may offer us novel insights on cell metabolism and physiology. Specifically, the lipid accumulation mechanism at the molecular or cellular level is yet to be determined in the oleaginous yeast Y. lipolytica.

Methods: Herein, we established ten engineered strains with the knockout of important genes involving in central carbon metabolism, NADPH generation, and fatty acid biosynthetic pathways.

Results: Our result showed that NADPH sources for lipogenesis include the OxPP pathway, POM cycle, and a trans-mitochondrial isocitrate-α-oxoglutarate NADPH shuttle in Y. lipolytica. Moreover, we found that knockout of mitochondrial NAD+ isocitrate dehydrogenase IDH2 and overexpression of cytosolic NADP+ isocitrate dehydrogenase IDP2 could facilitate lipid synthesis. Besides, we also demonstrated that acetate is a more favorable carbon source for lipid synthesis when glycolysis step is impaired, indicating the evolutionary robustness of Y. lipolytica.

Discussion: This systematic investigation of gene deletions and overexpression across various lipogenic pathways would help us better understand lipogenesis and engineer yeast factories to upgrade the lipid biomanufacturing platform.
Identification of compounds with activity against Trypanosoma cruzi within a collection of synthetic nucleoside analogs
Authors: Barnadas-Carceller Berta , Martinez-Peinado Nieves , Gómez Laura Córdoba , Ros-Lucas Albert , Gabaldón-Figueira Juan Carlos , Diaz-Mochon Juan J. , Gascon Joaquim , Molina Ignacio J. , Pineda de las Infantas y Villatoro María José , Alonso-Padilla Julio
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and it is the most important neglected tropical disease in the Americas. Two drugs are available to treat the infection, but their efficacy in the chronic stage of the disease, when most cases are diagnosed, is reduced. Their tolerability is also hindered by common adverse effects, making the development of safer and efficacious alternatives a pressing need. T. cruzi is unable to synthesize purines de novo, relying on a purine salvage pathway to acquire these from its host, making it an attractive target for the development of new drugs.

Methods

We evaluated the anti-parasitic activity of 23 purine analogs with different substitutions in the complementary chains of their purine rings. We sequentially screened the compounds' capacity to inhibit parasite growth, their toxicity in Vero and HepG2 cells, and their specific capacity to inhibit the development of amastigotes. We then used in-silico docking to identify their likely targets.

Results

Eight compounds showed specific anti-parasitic activity, with IC50 values ranging from 2.42 to 8.16 μM. Adenine phosphoribosyl transferase, and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase, are their most likely targets.

Discussion

Our results illustrate the potential role of the purine salvage pathway as a target route for the development of alternative treatments against T. cruzi infection, highlithing the apparent importance of specific substitutions, like the presence of benzene groups in the C8 position of the purine ring, consistently associated with a high and specific anti-parasitic activity.
Using the past for resolving the future
Authors: Kupferman Orna
Published: January 2023

Nondeterminism models an ability to see the future: An automaton with an infinite look ahead can successfully resolve its nondeterministic choices. An automaton ishistory deterministic(HD) if it can successfully resolve its nondeterministic choices in a way that only depends on the past. Formally, an HD automaton has a strategy that maps each finite word to the transition to be taken after the word is read and following this strategy results in accepting all the words in the language of the automaton. Beyond being theoretically interesting and intriguing, HD automata can replace deterministic automata in several applications, most notably reactive synthesis, and they attract a lot of interest in the research community. The survey describes the development of HD ω-regular automata, relates history determinism to other types of bounded nondeterminism, studies the determinization of HD automata and their succinctness with respect to deterministic ones, and discusses variants, extensions, and open problems around HD automata.
Molecular distribution in intradermal injection for transfer and delivery of therapeutics
Authors: Lallow Emran O. , Busha Kishankumar J. , Park Sarah H. , Atzampou Maria , Jhumur Nandita C. , Demiryurek Yasir , Roberts Christine C. , Shan Jerry W. , Zahn Jeffrey D. , Shreiber David I. , Park Young K. , Singer Jonathan P. , Maslow Joel N. , Lin Hao
Published: January 2023

Intradermal (ID) injection is a technique widely used in laboratorial and clinical applications. The boundary of the dome-like bleb formed during injection is assumed to represent the lateral extent of the injected material. This work systematically characterizes cargo molecule distribution (puddle) as a function of injection volume and molecular/particle size in rat skin post ID injection. In general, results indicate that the puddle forms a subdomain laterally contained within the bleb, with an area inversely correlating to the molecular size of the injected material. For 50 μL and 100 µL injections, the average area of the bleb was 40.97 ± 6.30 mm2 and 55.64 ± 8.20 mm2, respectively, regardless of the molecular/particle size. On the other hand, the area of the puddle was dependent on the molecular size and ranged between 45.38 ± 8.29 mm2 and 6.14 ± 4.50 mm2 for 50 µL injections, and 66.64 ± 11.22 mm2 and 11.50 ± 9.67 mm2 for 100 µL injections. The lateral distribution appears to have no time-dependency up to 10 min post injection. The trend in the depth of cargo penetration is also similar, with smaller particles extending deeper into the dermis and subcutaneous fat layers. Because the area of puddle can be significantly less than that of the bleb, establishing base characterization is essential to understand cellular interactions with the injected biological substances.
Growth differentiation factor 10 induces angiogenesis to promote wound healing in rats with diabetic foot ulcers by activating TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhao Qingsong , Xu Jinmei , Han Xu , Zhang Zheqi , Qu Jiahui , Cheng Zhifeng
Published: January 2023

Background

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) represents a highly-prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Herein, the current study sought to identify the role of growth differentiation factor 10 (GDF-10) in wound healing in DFU via regulation of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3 pathway.

Methods

DM- and DFU-related microarray datasets GSE29221 and GSE134431 were firstly retrieved, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out to construct a co-expression network affecting wound healing in DFU, followed by differential analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DFU-related genes was subsequently constructed, and the core genes and signaling pathways in DFU were screened with the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional analyses. A DFU rat model was constructed for mechanism verification of the effect of GDF-10 on wound healing in DFU.

Results

WGCNA screened five co-expression modules, and the brown module was most closely-related to DM. Clustering analysis screened 4417 candidate genes, of which 175 differential genes were associated with wound healing, further involved in TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway regulation of wound healing in DFU. The PPI network analysis predicted that GDF-10 might regulate the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway to participate in DFU development. Results of animal experimentation showed that the wound healing rates of NFU, DFU, DFU + GDF and GDF + SIS3 groups on the 22nd day were (87.66 ± 6.80)%, (56.31 ± 7.29)%, (71.64 ± 9.43)% and (55.09 ± 7.13)%, respectively. Besides, the expression of TGF-β1 in NFU, DFU, DFU + GDF and GDF + SIS3 groups was 0.988 ± 0.086, 0.297 ± 0.036, 0.447 ± 0.044, and 0.240 ± 0.050, respectively, and that of Smad3 was 1.009 ± 0.137, 0.145 ± 0.017, 0.368 ± 0.048, and 0.200 ± 0.028, respectively. Specifically, GDF-10 exerted a significant diminishing effect on fasting blood glucose level, and promoted wound healing in DFU rats, in addition to up-regulation of VEGF, FGF, Ang-1, TGF-β1, Smad3 and enhancement of IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a and MMP-9, thereby promoting fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition and angiogenesis.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight that GDF-10 may promote angiogenesis by activating TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling, thereby promoting wound healing in DFU rats.
Transient characteristics of mobile transformer vehicle bypass operation
Authors: Zhou Lei , Feng Xiao , Chen Xi , Fu Hongquan , Bian Changhao , Jing Yang , Wu Shaocheng
Published: January 2023

The bypass operation method of mobile transformer vehicles is a common method for the maintenance or replacement of transformers in distribution lines. Using the bypass operation method could avoid power outages and ensure the reliability of electricity consumption. However, the transient characteristics of mobile transformer vehicles connected to the grid can have an impact on their power quality. In response to this problem, this study built a model based on MATLAB/Simulink to model the process of grid connection. The simulation analyzed the current and voltage waveforms of the transient process of grid connection. Moreover, a combination of time-domain and frequency-domain analysis was used to analyze the transient overvoltage and overcurrent conditions of the grid connection. Finally, the effects of two overcurrent suppression methods, adjustment of the closing angle method and the series closing resistance method, were analyzed. These studies provide theoretical guidance for engineering applications, which could strengthen the stability of the distribution network.
Operation optimization study of water pump production model based on low-carbon economy concept
Authors: Xu Jing , Lu Yixuan
Published: January 2023

The inventory and delivery rate of water pump are affected largely by the production mode. In order to improve the operation optimization of water pump production model, the simulation test method and system dynamics model were selected in the manuscript. Three different production modes, namely traditional make-to-order (MTO) model, make-to-stock (MTS) mode, and MTO & MTS model, were compared in terms of the indicators such as the inventory, productivity and delivery rate of water pump. Moreover, the three above production modes were also assessed by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results show that it is not well adapted in practical applications for the MTS production model with an intermediate level of inventory and customer demand satisfaction. The MTO production model is appropriate when it’s easy to predict the customer demand that fluctuates scarcely. The MTO & MTS production model should be selected when it’s difficult to predict the customer demand that fluctuates sharply. After comprehensive evaluation, the MTO & MTS production model is the best choice for pump.
Applying a hybrid model to support management of the endangered Topeka shiner in oxbow habitats
Authors: Galic Nika , Schmolke Amelie , Bartell Steven , Roy Colleen , Brain Richard
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Habitat restoration aims at reinstating abiotic and biotic habitat conditions to support long-term species persistence and viability. This management practice is commonly part of recovery plans developed for species listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act. The endangered Topeka shiner (Notropis topeka) inhabits off-channel habitats, such as oxbow lakes which are increasingly the focus of restoration, but the exact abiotic conditions conducive to its persistence in this habitat are not fully understood. In this study, a hybrid model consisting of an individual-based model of the Topeka shiner and an aquatic ecosystem model representing the oxbow habitat was applied to identify optimal environmental conditions for the persistence of Topeka shiner populations.

Materials and methods

Environmental conditions that correlated with Topeka shiner presence were gathered from published studies and included water temperature, turbidity, oxbow depth, light intensity (as a function of riparian vegetation presence), dissolved nitrogen, and dissolved phosphorus. Selected conditions were systematically varied in simulations and results were analyzed with a partial rank correlation method that quantifies the relative influence on model output from multiple factors.

Results

Conducted simulations identified water temperature, depth, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen to be the most influential for Topeka shiner population biomass and additional simulations were conducted exploring the magnitudes and directions of effects of these three factors. Water temperature had the largest positive impact on population biomass followed by oxbow depth and nitrogen reduction.

Discussion

We recommend that the three identified factors be further explored in a combination of empirical and modeling approaches to advise management for the endangered Topeka shiner. This study demonstrated how ecological models could inform recovery plans by identifying factors that enhance species persistence. Ultimately, models should support management practices that result in long-term population viability of listed species and could facilitate their timely delisting.
Compulsive methamphetamine self-administration in the presence of adverse consequences is associated with increased hippocampal mRNA expression of cellular adhesion molecules
Authors: Munoz Ceiveon , Jayanthi Subramaniam , Ladenheim Bruce , Cadet Jean Lud
Published: January 2023

Methamphetamine (METH) is a popular but harmful psychostimulant. METH use disorder (MUD) is characterized by compulsive and continued use despite adverse life consequences. METH users experience impairments in learning and memory functions that are thought to be secondary to METH-induced abnormalities in the hippocampus. Recent studies have reported that about 50% of METH users develop MUD, suggesting that there may be differential molecular effects of METH between the brains of individuals who met criteria for addiction and those who did not after being exposed to the drug. The present study aimed at identifying potential transcriptional differences between compulsive and non-compulsive METH self-administering male rats by measuring global gene expression changes in the hippocampus using RNA sequencing. Herein, we used a model of METH self-administration (SA) accompanied by contingent foot-shock punishment. This approach led to the separation of animals into shock-resistant rats (compulsive) that continued to take METH and shock-sensitive rats (non-compulsive) that suppressed their METH intake in the presence of punished METH taking. Rats were euthanized 2 h after the last METH SA plus foot-shock session. Their hippocampi were immediately removed, frozen, and used later for RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses. RNA sequencing analyses revealed differential expression of mRNAs encoding cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) between the two rat phenotypes. qRT-PCR analyses showed significant higher levels of Cdh1, Glycam1, and Mpzl2 mRNAs in the compulsive rats in comparison to non-compulsive rats. The present results implicate altered CAM expression in the hippocampus in the behavioral manifestations of continuous compulsive METH taking in the presence of adverse consequences. Our results raise the novel possibility that altered CAM expression might play a role in compulsive METH taking and the cognitive impairments observed in MUD patients.
High-risk patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy to the peripheral primary combined with conventionally fractionated volumetric arc therapy to the mediastinal lymph nodes
Authors: Eichkorn Tanja , Lischalk Jonathan W. , Stüwe Cedric , Tonndorf-Martini Eric , Schubert Kai , Dinges Lisa-Antonia , Regnery Sebastian , Bozorgmehr Farastuk , König Laila , Christopoulos Petros , Hörner-Rieber Juliane , Adeberg Sebastian , Herfarth Klaus , Winter Hauke , Thomas Michael , Rieken Stefan , Debus Jürgen , El Shafie Rami A.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

A very narrow therapeutic window exists when delivering curative chemoradiotherapy for inoperable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly when large distances exist between areas of gross disease in the thorax. In the present study, we hypothesize that a novel technique of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to the primary tumor in combination with volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) to the mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) is a suitable approach for high-risk patients with large volume geographically distant locally advanced NSCLC.

Patients and methods

In this single institutional review, we identified high-risk patients treated between 2014 and 2017 with SBRT to the parenchymal lung primary as well as VMAT to the involved MLN using conventional fractionation. Dosimetrically, comparative plans utilizing VMAT conventionally fractionated delivered to both the primary and MLN were analyzed. Clinically, toxicity (CTCAE version 5.0) and oncologic outcomes were analyzed in detail.

Results

A total of 21 patients were identified, 86% (n=18) of which received chemotherapy as a portion of their treatment. As treatment phase was between 2014 and 2017, none of the patients received consolidation immunotherapy. Target volume (PTV) dose coverage (99 vs. 87%) and CTV volume (307 vs. 441 ml) were significantly improved with SBRT+MLN vs. for VMAT alone (p<0.0001). Moreover, low-dose lung (median V5Gy [%]: 71 vs. 77, p<0.0001), heart (median V5Gy [%]: 41 vs. 49, p<0.0001) and esophagus (median V30Gy [%]: 54 vs. 55, p=0.03) dose exposure were all significantly reduced with SBRT+MLN. In contrast, there was no difference observed in high-dose exposure of lungs, heart, and spinal cord. Following SBRT+MLN treatment, we identified only one case of high-grade pneumonitis. As expected, we observed a higher rate of esophagitis with a total of seven patients experience grade 2+ toxicity. Overall, there were no grade 4+ toxicities identified. After a median 3 years follow up, disease progression was observed in 70% of patients irradiated using SBRT+MLN, but never in the spared ‘bridging’ tissue between pulmonary SBRT and mediastinal VMAT.

Conclusion

For high risk patients, SBRT+MLN is dosimetrically feasible and can provide an alternative to dose reductions necessitated by otherwise very large target volumes.
A retrospective study to evaluate the effect of preoperative hormonal therapy on continence recovery
Authors: Wang Yuwen , Zhang Shun , Huang Haifeng , Qiu Xuefeng , Fu Yao , Lyu Xiaoyu , Xu Linfeng , Zhuang Junlong , Guo Hongqian
Published: January 2023

Objective

To evaluate whether different preoperative hormonal therapy options affect postoperative continence and to identify risk/protective factors for continence recovery.

Methods

This is a retrospective analysis of several clinical trials (NCT04356430, NCT04869371, NCT04992026 and NCT05406999). Data from patients treated with hormonal therapy followed by RARP were collected and analyzed. Continence was defined as 0 pad/day or one safety pad.

Results

The study included 230 patients with adequate information. The median time to continence recovery is 8 weeks. A total of 216 (93.9%) participants recovered to urinary continence within 12 months after surgery. 21 (9.1%) participants achieved immediate continence. 69, 85, 27 and 14 participants restored continence at 1 month, 1-3 month, 3-6 month, 6-12 month, accounting for 30.0%, 40.0%, 11.7% and 6.1% accordingly. No difference in continence recovery was found among different preoperative hormonal treatment options (p=0.821). Cox regression showed that membranous urethral length (MUL) was the only independent factor influencing urinary continence recovery either in the univariate analysis (OR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.04-1.22, p=0.002) or in the multivariate analysis (OR=1.12, 95%CI: 1.04-1.20, p=0.002). Different preoperative treatment options were not associated with urinary recovery. More advanced preoperative T stage (OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.24-0.85, p=0.014) delayed the recovery of immediate continence. MUL was associated with continence restoring at 1 month (OR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.03-1.39, p=0.017), 3 month (OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.07-1.51, p=0.006), 6 month (OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.07-1.67, p=0.011) and 12 month (OR=1.36, 95%CI: 1.01-1.84, p=0.044).

Conclusion

There is no difference in postoperative continence recovery among ADT, ADT+Docetaxel and ADT+Abiraterone preoperative treatment options. More advanced T stage indicated poor immediate continence recovery. Longer membranous urethral length was a promotional factor for both short-time and long-time continence recovery.