bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF COMPUTER SYSTEM RELIABILITY IN RESIDUAL CLASSES
Authors: Krasnobayev Victor , Koshman Serhii , Nikolsky Serhii , Kovalchuk Dmytro
Published: December 2022

The subject of the article is the construction of a mathematical model of the reliability of a computer system (CS) that operates in a system of residual classes (RNS). This mathematical model is based on the use of structural sliding reservation. The purpose of the article is to increase the reliability of the CS, which operates in the system of residual classes, as well as to calculate and compare the reliability, in terms of the probability of failure-free operation, of the CS in the RNS and the ternary computing system, which operates in the positional binary number system (PBNS). Tasks: to analyze the influence of the number system used on the reliability of the CS; to investigate the properties of the RNS and determine their influence on the structure of the CS in the RNS; build a mathematical model of reliability and, on its basis, perform the calculation and comparative analysis of the reliability of the CS in the RNS and the tripled CS in the PBNS. Research methods: methods of analysis and synthesis of computer systems, number theory, coding theory in RNS, reliability theory. The following results are obtained. The paper shows that the provision of a given level of reliability in the design of the CS using the RNS is due to the presence of various types of redundancy at the same time: structural, informational, temporal, functional and load. In RNS, these types of redundancy can be effectively used to improve the reliability of the CS. The CS in the RNS represents a computational structure that is identical in structure and principle of operation to the sliding structural redundancy model in the PBNS in the case of a loaded (hot) mode of operation of the redundant elements. Proceeding from this, the paper presents a mathematical model of the reliability of the CS in the RNS. In this paper, the calculation and comparative analysis of the reliability of a tripled computing structure in a PBNS with an ideal majority element and a CS in an RNS with an ideal reliability automaton are carried out. Conclusions. As shown by the results of calculations and comparative analysis in some time intervals of operation, the probability of non-failure operation of the CS in the RNS is higher than the probability of non-failure operation of the aircraft in the PBNS with a tripled majority structure. This implies the effective use of the RNS to improve the reliability of the CS.
E-UKBM Ethno-STEM: The Development of Independent Learning Activities to Train Students’ Critical Thinking Skills in Pressure Topics
Authors: Setiyani Anisa , Sudarmin Sudarmin , Ellianawati Ellianawati
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the effectiveness, feasibility, and influence of the Ethno-STEM Independent Learning Activity Unit (UKBM) in improving students’ critical thinking skills. This type of research is R&D with the ADDIE type. The research sample used a purposive sampling technique in small-scale and large-scale trials at one of the private junior high schools in Salatiga City. The results of the study show that 1) e-UKBM Ethno-STEM has the characteristics of implementing an ethnoscience aspect that links scientific knowledge with local wisdom, studying science through local wisdom in a balanced way, guided by the Merdeka Curriculum and the 2013 Curriculum by using a scientific approach; 2) Ethno-STEM e-UKBM is suitable for use in science learning on substance stress; 3) e-UKBM Ethno-STEM can improve critical thinking skills with an N-Gain value of 72.27% in the high category; 4) e-UKBM Ethno-STEM has an effect on critical thinking skills with a t-count of 10.87. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that e-UKBM Ethno-STEM is appropriate to be used to improve student’s critical thinking skills in substance stress study materials.
The Relationship of Psychological Skill with Stress Recovery on Wrestling Athletes in Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Dewi Atiya , Berliana  , Komarudin
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the relationship between psychological skills (X ), and stress recovery in wrestling athletes (Y). This research is a correlation research with the aim of connecting the independent variable and the dependent variable. The sample in this study were 104 wrestling athletes who participated in PON XXI 2021 Papua. Data collection techniques used the Test of Performances Strategies (TOPS) questionnaire and Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for athletes (RESTQ-Sport 76). sig 0.777, statistical test of product moment correlation with a significant level of 5%. The results of a simple linear regression test between psychological skills (X ) and stress recovery (Y) 0.000 < 0.05, it can be said that there is a significant relationship between psychological skills and stress recovery for wrestling athletes in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the degree of relationship between psychological skills and recovery The stress of wrestling athletes in Indonesia can be seen in column R which shows the number 0.824, with the R value when referring to the guidelines for the degree of relationship that is in perfect correlation. The magnitude of the contribution of psychological skills to the stress recovery of wrestling athletes in Indonesia is in the R Square column which shows a value of 0.679 or a percentage of 67.9%. The results of the study indicate that the importance of the psychological ability of athletes to stress recovery in athletes when competing, then it is hoped that there will be research that will examine the psychology of wrestling athletes in other ways
Pengaruh Sensitivitas Lingkungan (Environmental Sensitivity) Peserta Didik Terhadap Perilaku Bijak Citizenship Behavior) Yang Dimediasi Oleh Keinginan Untuk Bertindak (Intention To Act) Peserta Didik: Studi Kausal Terhadap Peserta Didik SMA Negeri Di Jaka
Authors: Cantika Putri Siti Gautami
Published: December 2022

The environment and humans have a reciprocal and interdependent relationship. There is a reciprocal relationship between the environment and humans resulting in environmental problems that will affect the environment and other living things. The main cause of environmental problems is the waning of one's concern and wise behavior towards the environment. This study aims to determine the effect of students environmental sensitivity on citizenship behavior mediated by students intention to act related to the environment. The research method used is a survey method through a causal study which is analyzed by path analysis. The research was conducted at SMAN 14 Jakarta in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. The result of the calculation of the reliability coefficient of the citizenship behavior instrument is 0.896, environmental sensitivity is 0.909, and the intention to act is 0.916. The results of this study indicate that environmental sensitivity has a direct effect on intention to act significantly, intention to act has a significant direct effect on citizenship behavior, environmental sensitivity has a direct effect on citizenship behavior significantly, and environmental sensitivity has an indirect effect on citizenship behavior through intention to act. act. So that intention to act can mediate between environmental sensitivity and citizenship behavior of students.
THE FOOD SECURITY MODEL IN FACING COVID-19 IMPACT THROUGH THE REINFORCEMENT OF COMMUNAL AGRICULTURE
Authors: Rasminto Rasminto , Ain Mihyal
Published: December 2022

The increasing number of cases of the spread and transmission of COVID-19 to various countries in the world requires prevention and control efforts. Food security is one of the priority sectors that needs to be addressed as soon as possible, because food is the most basic need of mankind, especially in the midst of a pandemic situation, that's why food security is required to continue to explore in order to find models for strengthening food that are suitable and can produce high productivity. Based on this, this study aims to provide information about the food security model in dealing with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic through the communal agriculture model in Indonesian agriculture. The data collection method used in this study is a literature study. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that the communal farming model has bright prospects in supporting the Indonesian agricultural sector during the COVID-19 pandemic because this model allows for strengthening from within the agricultural sector.
PETA PENCAPAIAN TARGET INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES (ILO) PROGRAM STUDI DOKTOR PKLH
Authors: Nadiroh Nadiroh , Usman Herlina , Kasirah Irah
Published: December 2022

Pengembangan model kurikulum Program Studi Doktor Pascasarjana UNJ,  telah berorientasi pada  Pendidikan abad 21  adalah pendidikan yang menghasilkan lulusan yang memiliki jiwa transformatif. Transformatif secara utuh baik transformatif  secara personal, intelektual dan sosial. Rujukan Pendidikan Abad 21 mempunyai makna dalam dua dimensi baik dimensi tata kelolanya maupun dimensi proses akademik dan  lulusan. Untuk dimensi akademik dan lulusan adalah agar lulusannya emiliki integritas atau kecerdasan emosional, kecerdasan intelektual, dan kecerdasan sosial. Untuk itu maka diperlukan kurikulum  program studi  Doktor PKLH pascasarjana UNJ yang berbasis Outcomes Base Education (OBE), kurikulum yang dikembangkan  berorientasi pada Peta profil okupasi /profesi dalam kerangka kualifikasi nasional dan mampu telusur dengan kualifikasi Internasional. Kurikulum  Program Studi Doktor PKLH   telah   dirancang  berdasarkan hasil evaluasi diri  dan pelaksanaan kurikulum program studi  doktor PKLH  sebagai sampel . Sehingga penelitian ini menghasilkan luaran berupa : (1) Hasil Evalusi Diri dan benchmarking  terhadap isi dan pelaksanaan kurikulum  Program  Doktor PKLH   terkait dengan: (a) Visi, Misi dan Tujuan, (b) Profil Lulusan; (c) Capaian Pembelajaran Lulusan/PLO/ILO; (d) Sub Capaian Pembelajaran Lulusan; (e) Deskrpsi Mata Kuliah; (f) Keterkaitan  CPL/PLO/ILO dengan Profil Lulusan dan Keterkaitan level KKNI dengan CPL/PLO/ILO ; (g) Pembentukan Mata Kuliah; (h) dan Sebaran mata kuliah dan struktur kurikulum, telah memenuhi KKNI sesuai standar nasional Pendidikan Tinggi; (3) Hasil  tracer study terhadap alumni yang  bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara objektif efektifitas keterlaksanaan kurikulum Program Studi Magister dan Doktor : (4) Hasil  evaluasi ketercapaian Intended  Learning Outcomes (ILO) Program  Doktor PKLH Pascasarjana UNJ sebagai dokumen  Akriditasi Internasional   (5)  Dokumen kritik,  masukan dan rekomendasi  apa yang telah diberikan oleh berbagai pengguna lulusan,  lulusan, pengelola, dan masyarakat serta mahasiswa; dan (6) Draf Rancangan pengembangan   model  kurikulum  Doktor PKLH   dalam menghadapi tantangan global.
PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DALAM MITIGASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM: SUATU TELAAH SISTEMATIK
Authors: Anti Ahsanti  , Husen Achmad , Samadi
Published: December 2022

Climate change presents a major attention worldwide due to its threat to the environment. One of the contributors to climate change is greenhouse gas that elevates global temperature. Methane (CH4) is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. An important source of CH4 generation is anaerobic decomposition of organic municipal solid wastes (MSW) in landfill sites. Some control measures are in need to be undertaken, and reducing a number of MSW in landfill sites being one of them. Integrated Waste Management System is a systems approach that should be used as a solution to the waste problem solving. Society’s active participation is needed to create a more comprehensive system of municipal wa te management, based on “reduce, reuse, recycle” principle. The objectives of this literatur research work were to describe  the development of variety research occurred with Community Based Waste Management  (CBWM) systems as the alternative approach to the typical MSW management techniques reducing greenhouse gas emission.
STUDI LITERATUR: PENERAPAN GOOD ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE DAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Muh. Syainal Nur  , Husen Achmad
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah studi literatur dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang berusaha menjelaskan penerapan good environmental governance dan pembangunan berkelanjutan sebagai upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat. Pada penelitian studi literartur ini penulis menggunakan berbagai sumber tertulis seperti artikel dan jurnal yang relevan dengan kajian dan penelitian ini. Studi ini fokus membahas upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat dilihat dari konsep good environmental governance dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan good environmental dan pembangunan berkelanjutan merupakan sebuah konsep yang beruapaya untuk memfasilitasi lingkungan sehat dan kesimbangan ekosistem sehingga dapat berguna bagi kamajuan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Namun penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan sebab masih studi literatur sehingga dibutuhkan penelitian dengan metode yang lebih tepat untuk memperoleh hasil yang lebih baik.
ANALISIS BIBLIOMETRIC PENELITIAN SANITASI (SANITATION RESEARCH BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS)
Authors: Nuraeni Aditya , Nurasa Heru , Widianingsih Ida
Published: December 2022

Artikel ini merupakan analisis bibliometrik atas artikel yang diperoleh dari laman science direct yang membahas tentang sanitation dengan menggunakan vosviewer. Tujuan analisis bibliometrik diarahkan untuk mengetahui perkembangan kajian terkait sanitation. Secara spesifik kajian ini melihat perkembangan pertumbuhan publikasi, sebaran publikasi, variable keywords, dan kolaborasi author di tahun 2016-2021. Data dikumpulkan dari database science direct dengan menggunakan kata kunci “sanitation”. Selanjutnya penulis menggunakan software vosviewer untuk menganalisis dan menvisualisasikan database yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah publikasi terbanyak terjadi pada 2021 sebanyak 144 artikel. Sebaran publikasi penelitian dengan topik sanitation menunjukan sebaran yang baik. Istilah dalam variable sanitation yang sering muncul dan dikaitkan dengan variable lain adalah sustainability, wash, dan wastewater. Hanya satu penulis yang berkolaborasi dan sering muncul dengan  rekan penulis lainnya yaitu Morgenroth Eberhard.
Pendampingan Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 bagi Guru Taman Kanak-Kanak di Kabupaten Bekasi
Authors: Raharjo  , Maiwan  , Kardiman Yuyus
Published: December 2022

Salah satu tantangan pembelajaran dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 adalah bagaimana penanaman nilai-nilai karakter yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai agama dan nilai-nilai luhur Pancasila dapat terus ditanamkan dan diinternalisasikan sejak usia dini. Kenyataan menunjukkan masih ada anak-anak usia dini yang merupakan masa emas atau “golden age” ini belum terlayani dengan baik dalam mendapatkan pendidikan yang berkualitas, dengan berbagai keterbatasannya.  Sehingga perlu ada upaya penanaman nilai-nilai karakter yang berbasis kelas, kultur sekolah, maupun di keluarga dan masyarakat agar anak-anak usia dini menjadi siswa yang cerdas dan berkarakter sesuai nilai-nilai agama dan nilai luhur Pancasila. Tujuan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran yang berkarakter sesuai dengan nilai-nilai agama dan nilai luhur Pancasila, serta pembelajaran yang partisipatif, inovatif, kreatif, efektif, dan menyenangkan. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu berupa pendampingan peningkatan kapasitas guru secara daring seperti melalui aplikasi whatshapp, dan zoom meeting. Kegiatan melalui zoom meeting dilaksanakan mulai hari Rabu, 6 Oktober 2021 pukul 09.30 -13.00 WIB. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh sebanyak 33 guru Taman Kanak-Kanak dari wilayah Kabupaten Bekasi dengan menghadirkan narasumber dosen PAUD dari UNJ ibu Indah Juniasih, M.Pd., Raharjo, S.Pd., M.Si., dan Dr. Yuyus Kardiman, M.Pd. Luaran dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatnya kapasitas guru dalam menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai agama dan nilai luhur Pancasila baik dalam kelas, sebagai budaya sekolah, ekstrakurikuler maupun di masyarakat, guru memiliki kemampuan dan ketrampilan dalam membuat merancang pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang berkarakter bagi anak usia dini.
Pelatihan pembuatan kompos cair dari limbah rumah tangga
Authors: Verananda Elsa , Erinna Talitha , Devi Yolanda , Nadiyah Farah
Published: December 2022

Limbah rumah tangga merupakan buangan hasil sampingan dari kegiatan rumah tangga. Limbah rumah tangga yang termasuk limbah organik dapat diolah menjadi kompos cair sehingga tidak menumpuk dan mencemari lingkungan. Tujuan pelatihan ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan pembuatan pupuk kompos cair dari limbah rumah tangga dan memberikan pengetahuan terkait penggunaan EM4 (effective microorganism 4). Target pelatihan ini adalah guru di SMPN 2 Tarumajaya, Bekasi dapat membuat kompos cair dari limbah rumah tangga dan memiliki pengetahuan terkait penggunaan EM4 (effective microorganism 4). Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari sosialisasi, praktik, dan evaluasi. Hasil dari pelatihan pembuatan kompos cair antara lain keterampilan dalam mengolah limbah rumah tangga menjadi  pupuk kompos cair, dan pupuk kompos cair siap pakai dari limbah rumah tangga.
Pendampingan guru sekolah dasar dalam menciptakan hybrid learning yang menyenangkan di tengah recovery pendidikan pasca covid
Authors: Sumantri Syarif
Published: December 2022

Hybrid learning  adalah pembelajaran yang mengkombinasikan strategi penyempaian pembelajaran menggunakan kegiatan tatap muka, pembelajaran berbasis komputer (offline), dan komputer secara online (internet dan mobile learning). Hasil analisis lebih dalam tentang model pembelajaran hybrid yang diterapkan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pertimbangan pengambilan kebijakan di masa depan. Dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas hasil pembelajaran pasca covid, penulis akan mengadakan pengabdian masyarakat tentang pendampingan guru dalam mengembangkan hybrid learning yang menyenangkan bagi siswa Sekolah Dasar di tengah recovery pendidikan pasca covid. Pengabdian masyarakat ini akan diadakan di sekolah dasar wilayah Kecamatan Mande. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi kepada sekolah mitra yang memiliki kesulitan dalam mengimplementasikan hybrid learning. Dengan adanya kegiatan pengabdian ini, diharapkan guru dapat mengembangkan hybrid learning yang menyenangkan bagi siswa Sekolah Dasar.Metode yang digunakan dalam workshop ini adalah focus grup discussion (FGD) dan partisipasi peserta dalam pelatihan. Langkah-langkah sebagai berikut 1) melakukan sosialisasi tentang pentingnya pemanfaatan media pembelajaran yang menarik, kompatible, praktis baik untuk guru maupun siswa 2) memberikan pengenalan cara pemanfaatan media pembelajaran berbasis digital di weeb secara gratis, 3) peserta secara kelompok membuat media berdasarkan aplikasi gratis di weeb, 4) Peserta mengunakan media pembelajaran berbasis digital yang cocok di Sekolah Dasar. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan workshop ini menunjukan respon positif dari guru SD sebesar 81% dan kepuasan pelaksanaan pelatihan sebesar 72%.
Pemberdayaan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait perubahan iklim
Authors: Rahmayanti Henita , Feryl Ilyasa
Published: December 2022

Pendidikan mitigasi telah diakui secara luas memiliki dampak yang positif dalam upaya pengurangan risiko, serta para ahli sangat merekomendasikan bahwa setiap individu manusia dituntut untuk dapat mandiri dan meningkatkan keterampilannya dalam melakukan mitigasi dan adaptasi. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan pengabdian ini adalah untuk dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan merubahn perilaku masyarakat dengan cara memberikan pendidikan kepada masyarakat secara langsung. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah dengan ceramah, demonstrasi dan diskusi. Hasil dari pelaksanaan pengabdian ini adalah menujukkan bahwa rerata nilai pengetahuan masyarakat sebelum diberikan materi adalah sebesar 43.8 dan mengalami peningkatan menjadi 69.20. adapun pada rerata skor perilaku masyarakat yang juga mengalami peningkatan yang pada awalnya sebesar 41, kemudian mengalami peningkatan sebesar 45 point.
Hubungan Budaya Sekolah dengan Pro Environmental Behavior Siswa
Authors: Andzari Aisyah , Purwandari DA , Yuliani Shahibah
Published: December 2022

Abstract

This study aims to obtain empirical data or facts that are actually true and reliable regarding the relationship between school culture and pro-environmental behavior in students. This research is motivated by the existence of a school culture that is useful for strengthening pro environmental behavior for students. The method used in this research is correlational quantitative method. The population used in this study were 351 grade 8 students of SMP Negeri 281 Jakarta, while the sample in this study amounted to 185 students. The research hypothesis was tested using Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis. The results of the analysis found that the school culture and students' pro environmental behavior were good. The results showed that there was a positive and strong relationship between school culture and pro environmental behavior among students of SMP Negeri 281 Jakarta.
The DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLE OF A CONTEXTUAL BASED TEACHING BOOK ON ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: Saputri Aprilia Eki
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap prinsip-prinsip yang dibutuhkan dalam pengembangan buku ajar PLH untuk Guru SD berbasis kontekstual. Terlaksanakannya penelitian ini  sebagai sarana  analisis kebutuhan di awal kegiatan pengembangan buku ajar untuk Mata Kuliah PLH. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif sebagai kerangka utamanya. Data dalam penelitian ini diambil menggunakan triangulasi teknik yaitu: studi dokumentasi, observasi, dan wawancara. Triangulasi teknik tersebut sekaligus untuk menjaga kevalidan data yang diperoleh. Analisis data diakukan secara kualitatif melalui proses reduksi, display, verifikasi, dan pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat tujuh buah prinsip yang dibutuhkan dalam pengembangan buku ajar PLH berbasis kontekstual. Prinsip-prinsip tersebut adalah: prinsip pembelajaran berbasis masalah; problem solving; berbasis HOTS; kemandirian belajar; literasi kritis; siswa aktif; situasi didaktis dan situasi pedagogis; serta reflektif. Dengan menggunakan ketujuh prinsip tersebut diharapkan agar mahasiswa dan atau guru SD yang menggunakan buku tersebut dapat belajar secara mandiri berdasarkan permasalahan lingkungan yang kontekstual, menganalisis penyebab, mampu memberikan solusi, serta melakukan perbaikan dan penjagaan lingkungan hidup sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan yang ideal.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat dilakukan studi lanjutan dengan mengembangkan bahan ajar sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip di atas. Buku ajar yang dikembangkan dapat berupa buku ajar cetak maupun noncetak atau berbasis multimedia agar dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) atau secara daring sekalipun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan belajar pada masa pandemik seperti sekarang ini.
The Urgency of Climate Change-Based Education For Sustainable Development
Authors: Arwan Juwintar Febriani Arwan
Published: December 2022

Pembangunan berkelanjutan atau Sustainable Development Goals memuat salah satu tujuan yakni terkait dengan perubahan iklim. Hingga pada saat ini, urgensi perubahan iklim menjadi sorotan utama dunia karena berdampak pada setiap aspek keberlanjutan hidup manusia. Perubahan iklim dapat memberikan dampak yang bahkan berpengaruh pada keseluruhan sektor dan keseimbangan kehidupan global. Di sinilah peran pendidikan untuk mempersiapkan dan memanusiakan manusia agar dapat memahami perannya serta mengembangkan kompetensinya untuk kehidupan berkelanjutan. Pendidikan berbasis iklim yang berkaitan dengan pembangunan berkelanjutan seharusnya diperluas dalam semua aspek mata pelajaran termasuk pada kurikulum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif berdasarkan hasil tinjauan studi pustaka. Dalam penelitian ini membahas terkait urgensi pendidikan berbasis pembangunan berkelanjutan, keterkaitan antara pendidikan pembangunan berkelanjutan pada pendidikan berbasis perubahan iklim, serta penelitian yang telah berhasil mengembangkan kurikulum berbasis perubahan iklim.
Complex Late Triassic-Middle Jurassic Subduction-Related Magmatic History from Detritus of Nominal Middle Jurassic Brooks Range Ophiolite, Northern Alaska
Authors: Fredriksson Charlotte , Pease Victoria
Published: December 2022

In northern Alaska, the Early Cretaceous sedimentary Yukon-Koyukuk basin documents the progressive unroofing of the adjacent Brooks Range orogen. Igneous clasts in the lower conglomerate are believed to originate from ophiolitic rocks of the two uppermost allochthons in the Brooks Range, the Brooks Range ophiolite and the Angayucham terrane. The emplacement of these oceanic terranes onto the continental margin of the Arctic Alaska terrane documents the initiation of Brookian orogenesis. While most agree that the Angayucham terrane represents a widespread distribution of Late Devonian oceanic crust and Triassic-Early Jurassic oceanic plateau(s)/island(s), the age and origin of the Brooks Range ophiolite remains controversial. We present new age, whole-rock chemistry, and isotopic data from igneous clasts as well as a few Angayucham terrane outcrop samples from the NE Yukon-Koyukuk basin. Our results show that the igneous clasts are mostly subduction-related and more likely to represent eroded material from the Brooks Range ophiolite rather than the Angayucham terrane. Our Late Triassic, and Early and Middle Jurassic zircon crystallization ages for the igneous clasts, combined with their immobile trace element compositions documenting various stages of oceanic subduction (mature arc and later rifting), suggest a long-lived subduction system that was active in the Late Triassic and throughout the Middle Jurassic. Radiogenic lead and neodymium isotopic results yield juvenile signatures for both the igneous clasts and the Angayucham terrane, pointing to their formation in an intraoceanic setting distal from the continental rocks and sediments of the Arctic Alaska terrane. These new data, combined with the published data of others, allow us to propose a revised tectonic model that integrates Late Triassic island arc formation with the tectonic development and emplacement of the Brooks Range ophiolite.
Impact of exposure to sunlight before consumption of packaged potable water (Sachet Water) in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Umoafia Nikita Elkanah , Edet Uwem Okon , Joseph Akaninyene Paul , Henshaw Okoroiwu Uchechi , Nkagafel Mbim Elizabeth , Obeten Honour , Edet Bassey Okon , Edet Asanga , Richard Ibor , Nwaokorie Francisca O. , Nkang Nkoyo , Nkang Ani
Published: December 2022

Background
Potable water have been shown to be a source of contamination due to poor handling during its supply chain process. It is common practice for sachet water, a widely consumed potable water across Nigerian and West African cities to be exposed to sunlight for hours daily before they are sold to consumers. This practice coupled with the polyethene plastic packaging could cause leaching of heavy metals and other chemical components of the plastic package into the sachet water, and also cause its biological quality to deteriorate posing great public health concerns which prompted this study.
Methods
Three (3) sachet water brands (n = 4 per brand) were collected and exposed to sunlight daily for 14, 28, and 48 days were analyzed for heavy metals, total hardness, and other physico-chemical parameters using standard protocols. In addition, we also evaluated total heterotrophic bacteria and coliform counts, and antibiotic susceptibility of resulting isolates.
Results
All brands of the exposed sachet water recorded increased levels of physico-chemical parameters (except pH) and heavy metals compared to the control group in a linear fashion to exposure time. Zn was the most ingested from sachet water brands. The ADD, HQ, and HI evaluations revealed that consuming these brands of sachet water exposed to different durations of sunlight could be expose consumers to Cr, Cd, Pb, As, and Ni toxicities. The CR of Cr, As, and Ni in all brands of the sachet water exposed to sunlight were above the safe value of 10− 4, indicating a likelihood of the population having cancer after over 60 years of exposure. Ni posed the highest carcinogenic risk in all sachet water brands exposed to sunlight for 42 days. All the brands evaluated failed to meet the World Health Organization and national safety limits for total heterotrophic bacteria and total coliform counts. Six out nine isolates elaborated extracellular amylase while all produced protease, enzymes linked with biofilm formation and pathogenicity, respectively. Furthermore, the isolates showed multi-drug resistance.
Conclusion
The potential health risk inherent in this practice has significant public health implications for the consumers across Nigeria and the West African region.
A qualitative study about Explanatory Models of alcohol use disorder among Ugandans
Authors: Rudenstrand Hanna , Bäärnhielm Sofie
Published: December 2022

Background
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a growing clinical problem in Uganda. The alcohol consumption is among the most voluminous worldwide. Explanatory models (EMs) of illness are important as they have consequences for treatment. Clinicians´ knowledge about patients´ EMs can improve understanding of the latter´s perspectives and adapting treatments. There is a lack of African studies about EMs of AUD. The aim of this study was to explore EMs for AUD among hospitalized patients and their relatives at the alcohol and drug unit (ADU) at Butabika hospital in Uganda.
Methods
An adapted version of the Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) was used for interviews with ten patients and five relatives to investigate how both hospitalized patients with AUD and their relatives understand the disease. Data were analysed for themes with a qualitative content analysis and support of the software program, OpenCode 4.03.
Results
Five major themes were identified from the patient interviews: “Context promotes AUD”; “Alcohol is part of culture”; “Spiritual causes of AUD in the community”; “Help through Western medicine and religious sources is preferred” and “Social problems and stigmatization”. Six major themes identified from the interviews with relatives were: “Numerous causes of drinking alcohol”; “Devastating consequences of drinking alcohol”; “Exploiting persons with AUD”; “Others’ suffering”; “Relatives struggling for help” and “Suggested solutions”.
Conclusions
Patients’ EMs of AUD included social and spiritual explanations. Alcohol is seen as an important part of the Ugandan culture among both patients and their relatives. The results indicate it is important in clinical contexts to investigate the EMs of the patients and relatives.
Knowledge-Graph-Enabled Biomedical Entity Linking: A Survey
Authors: Shi Jiyun , Yuan Zhimeng , Guo Wenxuan , Ma Chen , Chen Jiehao , Zhang Meihui
Published: December 2022

Biomedical Entity Linking (BM-EL) task, which aims to match biomedical mentions in articles to entities in a certain knowledge base (e.g., the Unified Medical Language System), draws dramatic attention in recent years. BM-EL can help to disambiguate medical terms and link to rich semantic information in the biomedical knowledge base, which can act as an essential means for many downstream applications.Although entity linking tasks have been investigated in the general domain and achieved great success, many challenges remain in the biomedical field, for instance, highly complex terminology, less training data, and entity ambiguity.In this survey, we categorize BM-EL methods into rule-based, machine learning, and deep learning models according to the development of the model paradigm and provide a comprehensive review of each approach.In-depth study of current BM-EL efforts, we group the model architectures into four categories: joint entity recognition and linking, graph-based global entity disambiguation, cross-lingual architectures, and model-efficiency improvement.We further introduce six well-established datasets that are commonly used for BM-EL tasks. Furthermore, we present a comparison of the different methods and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.Finally, we discuss the limitations of existing methods for BM-EL and discuss promising future research directions.
Multimorbidity Prevalence and Contributing Factors in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bah Sulaiman , Hussain Mehwish , AlHotheyfa Raghad , AlNujaidi Heba Yaagoub , Al-Qahtani Mona , AlAnsary Naof , Herzallah Nawal , BinDhim Nasser F , Althumiri Nora A. , Albagmi Faisal Mashel
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study aims to examine the prevalence of multimorbidity in Saudi Arabia and identify the contributing factors.
Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study of 23,098 participants was conducted in 2020 across all 13 administrative regions of Saudi Arabia. Univariable and Multivariable logistic regression models were run to measure the effect of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors on multimorbidity.
Results: A total of 23,098 participants from the 13 administrative regions completed the interview. Fifty percent of the participants were female, with a mean of 36.9 years (SD 13.9 years; range: 18—90 years). The majority of participants were Saudi nationals (95.2%). The overall prevalence of multimorbidity in this sample is 23.3%, with no differences between genders. This study has found that consuming vegetables and fruits and smoking (cigarettes, shisha/waterpipe, and electronic cigarettes) were significantly associated with multimorbidity status. It was also found that performing intense and moderate physical activity was negatively associated with multimorbidity.
Conclusion: This research has estimated the prevalence of multimorbidity in Saudi Arabia to be 23.3%. Judging by international research and the health profile of Saudi Arabia, this prevalence rate seems to be an underestimate. More research is needed to confirm the accurate prevalence of multimorbidity in Saudi Arabia.
Process parameters optimization model for robotic abrasive belt grinding of aero-engine blades
Authors: Yang Zhongqiang , Huang Zhi , Wang Hongyan , Wang Limin , Yang Han
Published: December 2022

Reducing carbon emissions during belt grinding is of great significance for environmentally friendly production in the manufacturing industry. In this paper, in order to better grinding aero-engine titanium alloy blades with the abrasive belt, an improved NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm was proposed, which reduced the carbon emissions during the grinding process while ensuring the same surface roughness and material removal rate. Firstly, through analysis and finite element simulation, the model of abrasive belt grinding force is established and the rationality of the model is verified by experiments; furthermore, the carbon emission model of abrasive belt grinding and the multi-objective optimization model based on the improved NSGA-II algorithm are established; finally, the results of the algorithm are verified and compared through numerical simulation and experiments. Compared with the NSGA-II algorithm and the MOPSO algorithm, the optimization results of the algorithm in this paper have better diversity and uniformity, and can find better non-dominated optimal solutions, the process parameters selected by the algorithm in this paper can more effectively reduce the carbon emissions during grinding. The optimization method proposed in this paper has certain reference significance for engineering practice.
Synthesising a minimal cell with artificial metabolic pathways
Authors: Kurisu Minoru , Katayama Ryosuke , Sakuma Yuka , Kawakatsu Toshihiro , Walde Peter , Imai Masayuki
Published: December 2022

A synthetic minimal cell is an artificial vesicle reproduction system in which a chemical and physico-chemical transformation network is regulated by information polymers. In this study, we synthesise such a minimal cell consisting of three units: energy production, information polymer synthesis, and vesicle membrane growth. Supplied ingredients are converted to energy currencies which trigger the synthesis of an information polymer, where the vesicle membrane plays the role of a template. The information polymer promotes membrane growth. By tuning the membrane composition and permeability to osmolytes, the growing vesicles show recursive reproduction over several generations. Our “synthetic minimal cell” greatly simplifies the scheme of contemporary living systems while keeping their essence. Therefore, the chemical pathways and the reproduction pathways are well described by kinetic equations and by applying the membrane elasticity model, respectively. This study provides new insights to better understand the differences and similarities between non-living forms of matter and life.
Adaptive Programmable Networks for In Materia Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Stenning Kilian , Gartside Jack , Manneschi Luca , Cheung Christopher , Chen Tony , Vanstone Alex , Love Jake , Holder Holly , Caravelli Francesco , Everschor-Sitte Karin , Vasilaki Eleni , Branford Will
Published: December 2022

Nanomagnetic artificial spin-systems are ideal candidates for neuromorphic hardware. Their passive memory, state-dependent dynamics and nonlinear GHz spin-wave response provide powerful computation.
However, any single physical reservoir must trade-off between performance metrics including nonlinearity and memory-capacity, with the compromise typically hard-coded.
Here, we present three artificial spin-systems and show how tuning system geometry and dynamics defines computing performance.

We engineer networks where each node is a high-dimensional physical reservoir, implementing parallel, deep and multilayer physical neural network architectures. This solves the issue of physical reservoir performance compromise, allowing a small suite of synergistic physical systems to address diverse tasks and provide a broad range of reprogrammable computationally-distinct configurations. These networks outperform any single reservoir across a broad taskset. Crucially, we move beyond reservoir computing to present a method for reconfigurably programming inter-layer network connections, enabling on-demand task optimised performance.
Balance-directed protein engineering of IsPETase enhances both PET hydrolysis activity and thermostability
Authors: Lee Seul Hoo , Seo Hogyun , Hong Hwaseok , Park Jiyoung , Ki Dongwoo , Kim Mijeong , Kim Hyung-Joon , Kim Kyung-Jin
Published: December 2022

A mesophilic PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis (IsPETase) has been shown to exhibit high PET hydrolysis activity, but its low thermostability limits its industrial applications. We herein developed an engineering strategy for IsPETase to enhance PET hydrolysis activity, thermostability, and protein folding of the enzyme. Balance-directed Z1-PETase variant outperforms the stability-directed Z2-PETase variant under both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, although Z2-PETase exhibits higher thermostability than Z1-PETase. The Z1-PETase is also superior to Fast-PETase, Dura-PETase, and LC-CICCG in terms of depolymerization rate regardless of temperature conditions we tested. Thus, maintaining a balance between PET hydrolysis activity and thermostability is essential for the development of high-performance PET hydrolases. In a pH-stat bioreactor, Z1-PETase depolymerized > 90% of both transparent and colored post-consumer PET powders within 24 and 8 hours at 40°C and 55°C, respectively, demonstrating that the balance-directed IsPETase variant produced herein may be applicable in the bio-recycling of PET.
The correlation between LDL-C/HDL-C and Hypertension: a case control study
Authors: Zhang Jianling , Li Gang
Published: December 2022

Dyslipidemia is a risk factor of hypertension, which can promote the occurrence and development of hypertension. In this study, we collect data of 362 elderly patients to explore the correlation between blood lipid indexes and hypertension in the elderly population. Patients were divided into two groups : hypertensive group and control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, Spearman correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve were used to analyze the correlation between blood lipid and hypertension and its predictive value for hypertension. We found that The levels of LDL-C/HDL-C in hypertensive group were higher than those in control group, and the levels of LDL-C/HDL-C in moderate and severe hypertension groups were higher than those in mild hypertension group (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that LDL-C/HDL-C was an independent risk factor for hypertension. Correlation analysis showed that LDL-C/HDL-C was positively correlated with the severity of hypertension (r = 0.580, P < 0. 01). ROC curve analysis showed that area under the curve (AUC) of LDL-C/HDL-C in predicting hypertension was 0. 937 (95%CI: 0.914-0. 961, P < 0.01). When the cut-off value was 4.276, the specificity and sensitivity were 96.2% and 75. 20%. In conclusion, LDL-C/HDL-C is an independent risk factor for hypertension and has predictive value for hypertension.
Comparison of the Efficacy of SP-VATS Segmentectomy, SP-VATS Lobectomy, and 3P-VATS of Lobectomy in NSCLC Patients
Authors: Wang Chuanqiang , Jiang Jindong , Sun Zhao
Published: December 2022

Objective: To analyze and study the clinical efficacy of single portal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (SP-VATS) segmentectomy, SP-VATS lobectomy, and conventional three portal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(3P-VATS) of lobectomy in the clinical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC)
Method: Patients (n=180) with NSCLC treated in our hospital within two years (from June 2020 to June 2022) were randomly grouped (red, white and yellow bullets grouping) into groups A (conventional 3P-VATS of lobectomy, n= 60), B (SP-VATS segmentectomy, n= 60) and C (SP-VATS lobectomy, 60 cases). The clinical effects of three surgeries on NSCLC were compared and studied.
Results: Compared with group A (conventional three-port thoracoscopic lobectomy), the levels of lung function-related indicators (FVC, FEV1, and MVV) were higher in groups B (SP-VATS segmentectomy) and C (SP-VATS lobectomy) (P<0.05); serum inflammation (IL-6, TNF-a, and CRP) and serum oxidative stress (Substance P and cortisol) were lower after treatment (P<0.05). The overall incidence of complications after surgery was lower (P<0.05), and the clinical efficacy was more significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Compared with the clinical application of traditional 3P-VATS of lobectomy, SP-VATS segmentectomy, and SP-VATS lobectomy have significant efficacy in the clinical application which can improve the reduction of serum inflammation and serum oxidative stress-related index levels, which have more outstanding therapeutic advantages such as effectiveness and safety.
"I have the right to determine how I die": A Qualitative Research on Chinese Cancer Patients' attitudes on Death and Demands for Good Death
Authors: Cao Zhaoming , Zheng Jie , Ding Jingjing , Zhang Huijun
Published: December 2022

Objectives In order to expand palliative care in China and improve the quality of life and death of Chinese cancer patients, the purpose of this research is to investigate the attitudes of Chinese cancer patients toward death, as well as their requirements and expectations of a good death.
MethodsPhenomenological research was used to conduct in-depth interviews and data analysis on the topic of death and good death of 16 cancer patients.
Results Cancer patients' attitudes towards death can be divided into three types: open-faced, negative and pessimistic, complicated psychology of acceptance and hope; The demand for good death includes four themes and nine sub-themes: physiological needs (to relieve physical pain), psychological needs (to choose autonomy, to maintain dignity, to satisfy wishes, family hopes, and arrangements for matters related to death), spiritual needs (inner comfort), and social needs (financial situation, medical system support).
Conclusion Medical staff should deeply understand the cognition and attitude of cancer patients towards death, guide patients to express their dying feelings and physical and mental needs, and strive to seek the cooperation of patients' families and other professionals, such as lawyers and psychotherapists, so as to meet patients' expectations of good death at all levels. China should increase the training of medical staff in knowledge and skills of good death, set up palliative medical institutions and improve relevant laws, safeguard patients' rights and help patients achieve good death.
Effects of a passive back assistance exoskeleton for load carrying and trunk bending tasks
Authors: Thomas ALBOUY , Kévin LEBEL , Bérenger LE TELLIER
Published: December 2022

Low back pain affects millions of workers every year. From a preventive perspective, the use of passive exoskeletons is growing in the industrial field. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of a passive trunk exoskeleton on muscle activity and kinematics of the trunk and legs, displacement of the center of pressure, and perceived discomfort. 14 participants performed two tasks with and without exoskeleton. The first one was a lifting and lowering task and the second one was a static trunk flexion task at 40°. The results showed a significant reduction of approximately 18% in myoelectric activity of the erector spinae longissimus as well as a reduction in perceived discomfort in the thoracolumbar area on both tasks. The use of the exoskeleton increased external oblique activity by 28.6% during the load-bearing task, while leg muscles were not significantly impacted. The exoskeleton slightly impacted the kinematics of the trunk but leg kinematics were not, nor was postural balance. Given the study’s results, this device therefore seems to have the ability to reduce the risk of onset of low back pain at work.
The development of selenium-rich millet via soil fertilization and the interactions among microbial community, plants and rhizosphere soil
Authors: Wei Dong , Gao Huiya , Zhang Aijun
Published: December 2022

Selenium is an important microelement for both plants and human health. The deficiency of selenium would result in various diseases and has attracted much attention. In modern agriculture, different strategies have been adopted for selenium biofortification. In this study, selenium soil fertilization was applied at different levels to develop selenium-rich millet. External supplementation of selenium showed positive effects on plant growth and nutrient transport. The activities of key enzymes of plant and soil were observed to enhance after selenium fertilization, such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), sucrose, and urease. The major objective of obtaining selenium-rich millet grain successfully achieved as the final selenium content in grain increased by 5–10 folds. Middle level of selenium showed the best performance among all the treatments. The analysis of microbial community in rhizosphere soil suggested the good adaptation of both bacteria and fungi toward environmental conditions modified by fertilization.