bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the quality of well being self-administered questionnaire in general population in Indonesia
Authors: Andayani Tri Murti , Kristina Susi Ari , Endarti Dwi
Published: December 2019

Background

The quality of well being self-administered (QWB-SA) questionnaire is one of the generic instruments which can be used to measure the utility score to assess the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) as an outcome parameter in pharmacoeconomics study. This research aimed to study the translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the QWB-SA questionnaire in Indonesian language.

Methods

This research was conducted among the general population of 459 people in Yogyakarta city. The translation was done using the forward-backward method by independent linguists, and then reviewed by a team consisting of linguists, methodologists, and pharmacists. The psychometric evaluations included face validity, internal-construct validity, convergent validity, and known-group validity tests, while the reliability test was the test-retest of reliability with the Spearman’s rank correlation and Pearson test.

Results

The translation results and cultural adaptations were modified from the aspect of idiomatic, semantic and conceptual equivalence of the items on the QWB-SA questionnaire. The internal-construct validity showed a very strong and moderate correlation among dimensions and the QWB utility index. The convergent validity showed moderate-to-weak correlation compared to the Euro-quality of life-5 dimension questionnaire. The reliability test showed the Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.626, and the test-retest of reliability showed a strong and moderate correlation.

Conclusions

The QWB-SA questionnaire is valid and reliable, and can be used as an alternative to measure utility as a QALY’s parameter in the health-economic evaluation.
Crystal structure of dimethylammonium 5-fluorouracil-1-acetate, C8H12N3O4F
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Li Kaiyun , Liang Sen
Published: December 2019

C8H12N3O4F, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 4.8090(3) Å, b = 9.9340(6) Å, c = 22.2437(13) Å, β = 90.138(8)°, V = 1062.64(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0452, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1227, T = 293(2) K.
Chemical resistance and chemical capacitance
Authors: Maier Joachim
Published: December 2019

The present contribution defines rigorously terms such as chemical resistance, chemical capacitance and exchange reactivity. Several examples of interest are presented whose treatments show the relevance of these parameters for chemistry, in particular for solid state chemistry.
Physical Determinants of Golf Swing Performance: A Review
Authors: Sheehan William B. , Bower Rob G. , Watsford Mark L.
Published: December 2019

Sheehan, WB, Bower, RG, and Watsford, ML. Physical determinants of golf swing performance: A review. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 289–297, 2022—Traditionally, golf practice has primarily focused on the mental, technical, and skill aspects as the primary means to improve performance. Only recently has a greater emphasis been placed on the physical components with balance, muscular strength, power, and specific muscle-tendon properties demonstrating positive associations with club head speed and carry distance. Accordingly, this review will explore the influence of these physical components on measures of golf swing performance. Superior balance may allow players to effectively deal with the need to shift weight during the swing as well as different stance positions, whereas superior lower-body muscular strength, power, and stiffness may allow more mechanical work to be performed on the club during the swing per unit of time, consequently increasing club head speed. Alternatively, flexibility may also contribute to enhanced force production with a greater range of motion, particularly when generating the “X-factor,” allowing for a longer backswing and more time to produce higher angular velocities and forces. Furthermore, training intervention studies focusing on the aforementioned components have demonstrated enhancements in swing performance. Targeting multiple muscle groups, including those implicated via electromyography activation, and utilizing multiple modalities have proven effective at increasing club head speed. However, such multifaceted programs have made it difficult to determine the mechanisms that specifically contribute to performance gains. Despite these limitations, strength, power, and musculotendinous stiffness, particularly in the lower body, seem to be stronger determinants of club head speed and carry distance than flexibility. Furthermore, acute improvements can be induced using resistance-orientated warm-ups.
The Nucleus Accumbens Core Is Necessary for Responding to Incentive But Not Instructive Stimuli
Authors: Sicre Mehdi , Meffre Julie , Louber Didier , Ambroggi Frederic
Published: December 2019

An abundant literature has highlighted the importance of the nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) in behavioral tasks dependent on external stimuli. Yet, some studies have also reported the absence of involvement of the NAcC in stimuli processing. We aimed at comparing, in male rats, the underlying neuronal determinants of incentive and instructive stimuli in the same task. We developed a variant of a GO/NOGO task that reveals important differences in these two types of stimuli. The incentive stimulus invites the rat to engage in the task sequence. Once the rat has decided to initiate a trial, it remains engaged in the task until the end of the trial. This task revealed the differential contribution of the NAcC to responding to different types of stimuli: responding to the incentive stimulus depended on NAcC AMPA/NMDA and dopamine D1 receptors, but the retrieval of the response associated with the instructive stimuli (lever pressing on GO, withholding on NOGO) did not. Our electrophysiological study showed that more NAcC neurons responded more strongly to the incentive than the instructive stimuli. Furthermore, when animals did not respond to the incentive stimulus, the induced excitation was suppressed for most projection neurons, whereas interneurons were strongly activated at a latency preceding that found in projection neurons. This work provides insight on the underlying neuronal processes explaining the preferential implication of the NAcC in deciding whether and when to engage in reward-seeking rather than to decide which action to perform.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) is essential to process information carried by reward-predicting stimuli. Yet, stimuli have distinct properties: incentive stimuli orient the attention toward reward-seeking, whereas instructive stimuli inform about the action to perform. Our study shows that, in male rats, NAcC perturbation with glutamate or dopamine antagonists impeded responses to the incentive but not to the instructive stimulus. NAcC neuronal recordings revealed a stronger representation of incentive than instructive stimuli. Furthermore, we found that interneurons are recruited when rats fail to respond to incentive stimuli. This work provides insight on the underlying neuronal processes explaining the preferential implication of the NAcC in deciding whether and when to engage in reward-seeking rather than to decide which action to perform.
Calcineurin Promotes Neuroplastic Changes in the Amygdala Associated with Weakened Cocaine-Cue Memories
Authors: Rich Matthew T. , Huang Yanhua H. , Torregrossa Mary M.
Published: December 2019

Interfering with memory reconsolidation or inducing memory extinction are two approaches for weakening maladaptive memories in disorders such as addiction and post-traumatic stress disorder. Both extinction and reconsolidation are regulated by intracellular protein kinases and phosphatases, and interfering with these signaling molecules can alter memory strength. The calcium-dependent protein phosphatase, calcineurin (CaN), has been implicated in both the consolidation and extinction of fear memories. However, the role of CaN in regulating drug-cue associative memories has not been investigated. Prior studies have demonstrated that plasticity at thalamo-lateral amygdala (T-LA) synapses is critically involved in the regulation of cocaine-cue memories. Therefore, in the present study, we tested the effects of LA administration of an activator of CaN, chlorogenic acid (CGA), on behavioral and electrophysiological indices of cocaine cue memory reconsolidation and extinction. Male, Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to self-administer cocaine paired with an audiovisual cue. The cue memory was then either briefly reactivated, extinguished, or not manipulated, followed immediately by LA infusion of CGA. Rats were tested 24 h later for cue-induced reinstatement, or LA slices were prepared for electrophysiological recordings. We found that intra-LA infusions of CGA following cue extinction or reconsolidation reduced cue-induced reinstatement, which was blocked by co-infusion of the CaN inhibitor, FK-506. Similarly, CGA infusions following cue re-exposure significantly attenuated EPSC amplitude at T-LA synapses, suggesting that CaN affects cocaine-cue memory reconsolidation and extinction by altering T-LA synaptic strength. Therefore, CaN signaling in the LA may represent a novel target for disrupting cocaine-associated memories to reduce relapse.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRepetitive drug use induces synaptic plasticity that underlies the formation of long-lasting associative memories for environmental cues paired with the drug. We previously identified thalamo-amygdala synapses (T-LA) that project via the interal capsule, as an important locus for the regulation of cocaine-cue memories. These synapses are strengthened by repeated cocaine-cue pairings, but this is reversed by extinction training or by optogenetic induction ofin vivolong-term depression (LTD). Here, we demonstrate that activating calcineurin, a calcium-dependent phosphatase, following the reactivation or extinction of a cocaine-cue memory, induces LTD-like changes at T-LA synapses, and a corresponding decrease in cue-induced reinstatement, suggesting that calcineurin may be a potential therapeutic target for relapse prevention.
Non‐apoptotic TRAIL function modulates NK cell activity during viral infection
Authors: Cardoso Alves Ludmila , Berger Michael D , Koutsandreas Thodoris , Kirschke Nick , Lauer Christoph , Spörri Roman , Chatziioannou Aristotelis , Corazza Nadia , Krebs Philippe
Published: December 2019

The role of death receptor signaling for pathogen control and infection‐associated pathogenesis is multifaceted and controversial. Here, we show that during viral infection, tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) modulates NK cell activity independently of its pro‐apoptotic function. In mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), Trail deficiency led to improved specific CD8+ T‐cell responses, resulting in faster pathogen clearance and reduced liver pathology. Depletion experiments indicated that this effect was mediated by NK cells. Mechanistically, TRAIL expressed by immune cells positively and dose‐dependently modulates IL‐15 signaling‐induced granzyme B production in NK cells, leading to enhanced NK cell‐mediated T cell killing. TRAIL also regulates the signaling downstream of IL‐15 receptor in human NK cells. In addition, TRAIL restricts NK1.1‐triggered IFNγ production by NK cells. Our study reveals a hitherto unappreciated immunoregulatory role of TRAIL signaling on NK cells for the granzyme B‐dependent elimination of antiviral T cells.
Minimally Invasive CABG or Hybrid Coronary Revascularization for Multivessel Coronary Diseases: Which Is Best? A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis
Authors: Guan Zhiyuan , Zhang Zhe , Gu Kaiyun , Wang Heqing , Lin Jin , Zhou Wenjun , Wan Feng
Published: December 2019

Objectives: Minimally invasive coronary revascularization (MICR) involves minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB) and robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting (RCABG), and hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) aims to combine MICR/RCABG on left anterior descending (LAD) and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) on non-LAD lesions. We performed a systematic review and metaanalysis to compare clinical outcome after MICR and HCR.
Methods: A metaanalysis was carried out through searching PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Medline for comparative studies evaluating the primary and secondary clinical end points.
Results: A systematic literature search identified 8 observational studies that satisfied our inclusion criteria, including being suitable for metaanalysis; the studies were between 1990 and 2018 and included 1084 cases of HCR and 2349 cases of MICR. Metaanalysis of these studies showed that HCR was associated with a reduced need for ICU LOS (WMD –11.46 hours, 95% CI, –18.76 ~ –4.25, P = .02), to hospital time (WMD –1.34 hours, 95% CI, –2.42 to 0.26, P < .01), and blood transfusion (OR 0.43, 95% CI, 0.31-0.59, P < .00001) than MICR. Comparisons of individual components showed no significant difference in terms of in-hospital mortality, MACCE, shock, myocardial infarction (MI), long-term survival, total variable cost, and surgical complications (including renal failure, chest drainage, bleeding).
Conclusions: HCR was noninferior to MICR in terms of in-hospital mortality, MACCE, shock, MI, long-term survival, total variable cost, and surgical complications (including renal failure, chest drainage, bleeding), whereas HCR was associated with a reduced need for ICU LOS, hospital time, and blood transfusion than MICR and less infection than MICR. Further randomized studies are warranted to corroborate these observational data.
Neuropsychodrama: What is happening in our brains in psychodrama?
Authors: Bilik Esra
Published: December 2019

In this article, it is explained which regions of the brain performs the fastest therapeutic intervention by activating in psychodrama. The kinesic memory of the body can reach even the most primitive records with the power of action. The intergenerational legacies through which the unfinished experiences are transmitted by the Zeigarnik effect can be reached through the wires and ties to the memory of the ancestors. This journey, which now goes back to the oldest with surplus reality and role reverse, will enable the activation of neurons from the most primitive subcortical structures to the prefrontal cortex. Significant confrontations in the scenes allow protagonists to take courageous spontaneous and creative roles while enhancing the right-left brain interaction.
Psicodrama, ética e o outro
Authors: Luís Tizo Santos Pedro , Carvalho de Bitencourt Leandro
Published: December 2019

A problemática da ética está presente na vida do psicólogo e no dia a dia de todo psicoterapeuta, psicodramatista ou não. Incitados por questões encontradas na prática profissional, a partir de um resgate bibliográfico do sentido do termo ética no âmbito do psicodrama e de seu confrontamento com a ética proposta por Emanuel Levinas, filósofo da ética, os autores deste artigo articulam o significado último da ética presente no pensamento de Jacob Levy Moreno, e como esta funda os princípios básicos do conceito de Homem-Deus moreniano e, por consequência, toda a prática e pontos fundamentais da teoria. Em última instância, fica clara a necessidade de uma abertura constante ao pensar ético.
The Impact of Non-additive Effects on the Genetic Correlation Between Populations
Authors: Duenk Pascal , Bijma Piter , Calus Mario P L , Wientjes Yvonne C J , van der Werf Julius H J
Published: December 2019

Average effects of alleles can show considerable differences between populations. The magnitude of these differences can be measured by the additive genetic correlation between populations (rg). This rg can be lower than one due to the presence of non-additive genetic effects together with differences in allele frequencies between populations. However, the relationship between the nature of non-additive effects, differences in allele frequencies, and the value of rg remains unclear, and was therefore the focus of this study. We simulated genotype data of two populations that have diverged under drift only, or under drift and selection, and we simulated traits where the genetic model and magnitude of non-additive effects were varied. Results showed that larger differences in allele frequencies and larger non-additive effects resulted in lower values of rg. In addition, we found that with epistasis, rg decreases with an increase of the number of interactions per locus. For both dominance and epistasis, we found that, when non-additive effects became extremely large, rg had a lower bound that was determined by the type of inter-allelic interaction, and the difference in allele frequencies between populations. Given that dominance variance is usually small, our results show that it is unlikely that true rg values lower than 0.80 are due to dominance effects alone. With realistic levels of epistasis, rg dropped as low as 0.45. These results may contribute to the understanding of differences in genetic expression of complex traits between populations, and may help in explaining the inefficiency of genomic trait prediction across populations.
Maps for analysis of nonlinear dynamics
Authors: Kaulakys Bronislovas
Published: December 2019

Area preserving maps provide the simplest and most accurate means to visualize and quantify the behavior of nonlinear systems. Convenience of the mapping equations of motion for investigation of transition to chaotic behavior in dynamics of classical atom in microwave field, transition to nonchaotic behavior in randomly driven systems and induced quantum dynamics of simple and multilevel systems is demonstrated.
Some properties of the p-brane model with the quadratic lagrangian
Authors: Miškinis P.
Published: December 2019

Some general properties of the relativistic p-dimensional surface imbedded into D-dimensional space-time and its reduction to the simplest case of the quadratic Lagrangian are considered. The solutions of the equations of motion of such model for the p-brane with arbitrary topology and massless eigenstates, as well as with critical dimension after quantization are presented. Some generalizations for the supermembrane are discussed.
Levels of Detail: An Overview
Authors: Constantinescu Zoran
Published: December 2019

This paper overviews some aspects of using different levels of accuracy and complexity for the visualization of large data sets. Current status of the volume of data sets that can be generated is presented, together with some of the inherent problems due to such large data volumes, visualization requirements, and display limitations of existing hardware graphics. Some methods for selecting, generating and implementing different levels of detail are presented.
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Procedural Distress in Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Poonai Naveen , Spohn Joseph , Vandermeer Ben , Ali Samina , Bhatt Maala , Hendrikx Shawn , Trottier Evelyne D. , Sabhaney Vikram , Shah Amit , Joubert Gary , Hartling Lisa
Published: December 2019

CONTEXT:

Intranasal dexmedetomidine (IND) is an emerging agent for procedural distress in children.

OBJECTIVE:

To explore the effectiveness of IND for procedural distress in children.

DATA SOURCES:

We performed electronic searches of Medline (1946–2019), Embase (1980–2019), Google Scholar (2019), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (1981–2019), and Cochrane Central Register.

STUDY SELECTION:

We included randomized trials of IND for procedures in children.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Methodologic quality of evidence was evaluated by using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system, respectively. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants with adequate sedation.

RESULTS:

Among 19 trials (N = 2137), IND was superior to oral chloral hydrate (3 trials), oral midazolam (1 trial), intranasal midazolam (1 trial), and oral dexmedetomidine (1 trial). IND was equivalent to oral chloral hydrate (2 trials), intranasal midazolam (2 trials), and intranasal ketamine (3 trials). IND was inferior to oral ketamine and a combination of IND plus oral ketamine (1 trial). Higher doses of IND were superior to lower doses (4 trials). Adverse effects were reported in 67 of 727 (9.2%) participants in the IND versus 98 of 591 (16.6%) in the comparator group. There were no reports of adverse events requiring resuscitative measures.

LIMITATIONS:

The adequacy of sedation was subjective, which possibly led to biased outcome reporting.

CONCLUSIONS:

Given the methodologic limitations of included trials, IND is likely more effective at sedating children compared to oral chloral hydrate and oral midazolam. However, this must be weighed against the potential for adverse cardiovascular effects.
Formación en imagenología en la Universidad de Costa Rica: Retos y desafíos del proceso de actualización del currículo
Authors: Solís-Barquero Sergio M. , Masís Calvo Carolina , Jiménez Alpízar Ana Carolina
Published: December 2019

Este ensayo pretende analizar los retos a los que se enfrenta la carrera de imagenología diagnóstica y terapéutica de la Universidad de Costa Rica en la eventual actualización de su currículo. La formación universitaria de la imagenología en la Universidad de Costa Rica tiene su inicio con un Programa de Formación de Técnicos, que fue evolucionando hacia la profesionalización. Sin embargo, a pesar de la profesionalización de la imagenología, siguen existiendo retos en la formación por el constante cambio de la tecnología que debe acompañar a la profesión. Avances en el campo de la radioterapia para combatir el cáncer, la resonancia magnética para el diagnóstico temprano de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas y la introducción de la inteligencia artificial al procesamiento de las imágenes médicas son procesos que deben orientar la actualización de la formación. Se presenta el proceso de análisis que se ha llevado a cabo en la creación de un perfil profesional de salida, en el que se incorporaron los aportes de todos los actores sociales involucrados en la formación y el ejercicio profesional de la imagenología. A partir de este proceso se hace una reflexión de cómo se debe formar a las personas profesionales en imagenología, rediseñando el proceso educativo de manera novedosa con una formación humanística, orientada a la ética y a la investigación; enmarcado en el momento histórico del sistema de educación superior costarricense.
Percepciones docentes en torno a la evaluación del aprendizaje en el nivel educativo superior: el caso de la UABC (México) y la UCM (España)
Authors: Henríquez Ritchie Patricio , Boroel Cervantes Brenda , Arámburo Vizcarra Vicente
Published: December 2019

Durante el período 2017-18 se realizó una investigación cuyo objetivo general fue analizar las estrategias de enseñanza y los métodos de evaluación del aprendizaje del profesorado universitario en contextos de formación de agentes educativos. Para esto, se consideró la licenciatura en Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), México y la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), España. La investigación optó por un acercamiento metodológico cualitativo, a partir de lo cual se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a 19 docentes de la UCM y 5 docentes de la UABC. Con base en los objetivos del estudio, se identificaron 3 dimensiones (estrategias de enseñanza, estrategias de aprendizaje y evaluación del aprendizaje), 6 subdimensiones y 18 categorías de análisis. El presente artículo reporta los resultados relacionados con la dimensión de evaluación del aprendizaje, dentro de la cual se identificaron dos subdimensiones (funciones y estrategias/instrumentos de evaluación), siete categorías y cuatro sub-categorías de análisis. A partir de los resultados generados por esta investigación se espera aportar elementos que ayuden comprender de mejor manera las estrategias de evaluación del aprendizaje utilizadas actualmente por el profesorado universitario que forma agentes educativos y los mecanismos evaluativos funcionales al mejoramiento del aprendizaje estudiantil, especialmente de aquellos que al finalizar su carrera estarán involucrados en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las futuras generaciones.
William J. Boone, John R. Staver and Melissa S. Yale. Rasch Analysis in the Human Sciences
Authors: Han Chao
Published: December 2019

William J. Boone, John R. Staver and Melissa S. Yale. Rasch Analysis in the Human Sciences. The Netherlands: Springer, 2014. xvi+482 pp. ISBN 978-94-007-6856-7.
The Effect of Noun Phrase Grammar on the Affective Meaning of Social Identity Concepts
Authors: Shank Daniel B. , Hercula Sarah E. , Curdy Brent
Published: December 2019

We examine the influences of determiners (a/an, the, and all) and grammatical number (singular or plural) on the affective meaning of social identity concepts. Some linguistic evidence suggests that changes in the grammatical form of a noun phrase may shift its affective meaning, while other research highlights the importance of context for such shifts. We conceptualize and measure affective meaning in terms of evaluation (goodness), potency, and activity drawn from research in affect control theory (ACT), a social psychological theory of culture and language. In two experiments, participants rate 28 social identity concepts, which are either count or collective nouns, presented in one of five grammatical forms. In congruence with ACT, the data support that the bulk of a concept’s affective meaning is carried by the noun itself, rather than by the grammatical features of the noun phrase in which the concept is expressed.
Uso das redes sociais na educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Mota Raquel Martins Fernandes , Oliveira Paulo Alves , Colpani Daiara , Oliveira Rodrigo Ribeiro
Published: December 2019

A página AMBIÉTICA possui cinco anos, criada no Facebook e administrada pelos estudantes do 5° semestre de Tecnologia em Gestão Ambiental do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso campus Cuiabá, Bela Vista, como atividade da disciplina de Ética Ambiental - CQA 316. A página objetiva a interação entre os conteúdos de educação e ética ambiental, com predomínio da autonomia e criatividade dos estudantes para com as postagens. Através do artigo relacionam-se os resultados pedagógicos destas atividades com alguns referenciais teóricos na educação como: o pensar complexo de Matthew Lipman e Antoni Zabala, a autonomia de Paulo Freire, pensamento narracional de Hannah Arendt e os conceitos das NTICs, tais como: cibercultura de Pierry Lèvy, Sociedade em Rede de Manuel Castells. A pesquisa utilizou-se da documentação direta, pesquisa de campo e a aplicação de questionários. Considera-se que os objetivos propostos pela AMBIÉTICA foram atingidos, uma vez que a temática ambiental e outras de cunho social, foram  amplamente debatidas, na perspectiva de reações ulteriores que, para além dos limites da sala de aula, produziram autonomia e um pensar complexo.
Wittgenstein on Logic as the Method of Philosophy: Re-examining the Roots and Development of Analytic Philosophy, by Oskari Kuusela
Authors: Mácha Jakub
Published: December 2019

Review of Kuusela, Oskari. Wittgenstein on Logic as the Method of Philosophy: Re-examining the Roots and Development of Analytic Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
Imposto inflacionário e transferências inflacionárias no Brasil: 1947-2003
Authors: CYSNE RUBENS PENHA , COIMBRA-LISBOA PAULO C.
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Este trabalho atualiza, para 2003, a série de taxas inflacionárias de 1947-1992, transferências inflacionárias para bancos comerciais e transferências inflacionárias totais anteriormente publicadas em Cysne (1994) e em Simonsen e Cysne (1995).
Clusters ou Sistemas Locais de Produção: Mapeamento, Tipologia e Sugestões de Políticas
Authors: SUZIGAN WILSON , FURTADO JOÃO , GARCIA RENATO , SAMPAIO SÉRGIO
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Este trabalho se propõe a avançar ainda mais no desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para mapeamento, classificação e caracterização de Sistemas Locais de Produção (SPL) no Brasil. Tal esforço se justifica não apenas pela importância que esses sistemas vêm acumulando para a geração de empregos e bem-estar social, crescimento econômico, exportações e desenvolvimento tecnológico, mas também pela atenção que recebem de diversos organismos públicos e instituições privadas, muitas vezes desprovidos de metodologia adequada. resultando em dispersão de esforços e desperdício de recursos públicos e privados. Portanto, o principal objetivo do trabalho é fornecer evidências que permitam racionalizar critérios de gestão de políticas públicas e ações privadas direcionadas ao LPS, oferecendo sugestões de políticas e ações diferenciadas segundo categorias ou tipos de sistemas com características distintas de acordo com sua relevância para o local ou desenvolvimento regional, bem como sua importância no contexto do setor em que estão inseridos.
A Lei de Responsabilidade na Gestão Fiscal: Combatendo Falhas de Governo à Brasileira
Authors: LUQUE CARLOS ANTONIO , SILVA VERA MARTINS DA
Published: December 2019

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os principais aspectos do novo regulamento, a chamada “Lei de Responsabilidade na Gestão Fiscal”, utilizando a estrutura do desequilíbrio orçamentário como uma falha do governo. Ressaltamos que o princípio da nova regulamentação é que, se o planejamento do governo for altamente detalhado e o déficit estiver sob controle, não observaremos inflação nem pressões de endividamento. Existem dois grandes problemas de controle: limites para despesas com salários de pessoal e o montante da dívida. O novo regulamento restringe a ação pública durante o último ano do mandato e trata da importância de divulgar informações sobre questões fiscais e a participação do público nas práticas orçamentárias. Apesar dos bons aspectos da regulamentação - especialmente no último ano dos gastos de um determinado governo, ainda há alguns problemas: a falta de discussão sobre o tamanho adequado e as funções do governo e o componente anticíclico da ação governamental que é desprezado pela lei.
Moeda e Espaço no Brasil: um estudo de áreas selecionadas
Authors: BARRA CLAUDIO , CROCCO MARCO
Published: December 2019

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar, sob o referencial pós-keynesiano, a relação entre a centralidade e o dinamismo das regiões, e o comportamento de algumas variáveis financeiras regionais no Brasil de 1988 a 2000. Este trabalho realiza a análise utilizando delineamento geoeconômico apresentado por Lemos, Guerra e Moro (2000) e a existência do polígono de desenvolvimento proposto por Diniz (1993). Os resultados mostram a relação entre a centralidade de uma região e a presença de características institucionais que facilitam a criação do crédito no período analisado.
Argentina and the global capital roller coaster of the 1990s
Authors: WOGART JAN PETER
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT This essay analyzes the Argentine “currency board” experiment during the 1990s, both from a theoretical and historical point of view. It finds that earlier failed attempts to control inflation with a quasi-fixed exchange rate in a highly politicized environment should have been a lesson to heed. While detailing the various shortcomings of the domestic economic policies, ample space is devoted to ex- amine the gyrating international capital markets and their impact on the Argentine program. Moreover, it is maintained that the Argentine political environment, the stability of which was crucial for success in the early years, deteriorated to such an extent after 1996 that it significantly contributed to the breakdown of the economic program and the system itself. The essay concludes with a short consideration of the Chilean economic policies, which were characterized by a great degree of pragmatism and prudence and consequently succeeded to escape the dire fate of its neighbor.
Bacen e BCs selecionados: uma análise comparativa do nível de transparência
Authors: ANDRADE EDUARDO DE CARVALHO
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Este artigo compara o grau de transparência do Banco Central do Brasil (Bacen) com o verificado em outros Bancos Centrais (BCs) selecionados. Seguindo a metodologia desenvolvida em Hann e Eijffinger (2000), construímos um indicador de transparência baseado em: (i) quão claros os BCs estão com relação a seus objetivos de política monetária, e (ii) como os BCs são transparentes na implementação de sua política monetária. O Bacen tornou-se mais transparente após a adoção do regime de metas para a inflação em 1999. No entanto, esses procedimentos mais transparentes não fazem parte da lei que regulamenta o Bacen, indicando que eles podem ser facilmente substituídos.
Associações entre consumo de produtos lácteos, proteína C-reativa e perfil lipídico em adultos: resultados do ELSA-Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Amanda Gomes , Mill José Geraldo , Matos Sheila Maria Alvim , Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo , Cade Nágela Valadão , Molina Maria del Carmen Bisi
Published: December 2019

Anormalidades lipídicas e inflamação sistêmica subclínica estão associadas ao processo de aterosclerose, sendo utilizadas como marcadores de risco cardiovascular. Estudos sugerem um possível efeito benéfico dos produtos lácteos na saúde cardiovascular, mas os resultados em marcadores lipídicos e inflamatórios ainda são controversos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a associação entre o consumo de produtos lácteos e seus diferentes subgrupos e proteína C-reativa (PCR), LDL-colesterol (LDL-C) e razão triglicerídeo/HDL-colesterol (TG/HDL-C) nos participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) (n = 9.372). O consumo de lácteos foi avaliado por meio de questionário de frequência alimentar validado e apresentado em porções/dia. O consumo total de lácteos foi descrito em quatro categorias (≤ 1 porção/dia a > 4 porções/dia). As associações foram estimadas por meio do odds ratios (OR), utilizando-se o grupo de menor consumo (≤ 1 porção/dia) como referência. Os menores valores de OR para TG/HDL-C no modelo multivariado (0,70; IC95%: 0,55-0,90 em homens; e 0,55; IC95%: 0,43-0,70 em mulheres) foram encontrados no grupo com consumo > 4 porções/dia de lácteos totais. Esses resultados foram apoiados pelas associações inversas encontradas entre diferentes subgrupos de lácteos e a razão TG/HDL-C. Não foi encontrada associação entre consumo de produtos lácteos e seus subgrupos e valores de LDL-C e de PCR. Os resultados sugerem um possível efeito benéfico dos lácteos no perfil lipídico, porém são necessárias evidências de estudos longitudinais e de intervenção que elucidem os mecanismos de efeito dos diferentes tipos de lácteos.
Binge drinking, alcohol outlet density and associated factors: a multilevel analysis among adolescents in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
Authors: Martins Juliana Gabrielle , Guimarães Mariana Oliveira , Jorge Kelly Oliva , Silva Carlos José de Paula , Ferreira Raquel Conceição , Pordeus Isabela Almeida , Kawachi Ichiro , Zarzar Patrícia Maria Pereira de Araújo
Published: December 2019

Our study sought to evaluate the prevalence of binge drinking in adolescents and its association with density of alcohol outlets around schools. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, with 436 high-school students aged between 17 and 19 and enrolled in 18 public and private schools. The students completed the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C), consisting of questions about alcohol consumption by parents and siblings, and socioeconomic status (type of school, mother’s education level). Data from geographic information systems were used to estimate the density of alcohol outlets around schools participating. The association between exploratory variables and binge drinking was investigated using multilevel logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05) with random intercepts and fixed slopes. A three-step sequential modeling strategy was adopted. The prevalence of binge drinking was 39.9%. The alcohol consumption among adolescents was lower for those studying in areas with low density of alcohol outlets around schools (OR = 0.32; 95%CI: 0.14; 0.73) and the consumption of alcohol by mothers was associated with binge drinking among adolescents (OR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.14; 3.30). Our study concluded that binge drinking among adolescents was associated with density of alcohol outlets around the schools and mother’s alcohol consumption.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY (MRCP) VERSUS ENDOSONOGRAPHY-GUIDED FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION (EUS-FNA) FOR DIAGNOSIS AND FOLLOW-UP OF PANCREATIC INTRADUCTAL PAPILLARY MUCINOUS NEOPLASMS
Authors: COSTA Débora Azeredo Pacheco Dias , GUERRA João Guilherme , GOLDMAN Suzan Menasce , KEMP Rafael , SANTOS José Sebastião , ARDENGH José Celso , RIBAS Carmen Australia Paredes Marcondes , NASSIF Paulo Afonso Nunes , RIBAS-FILHO Jurandir Marcondes
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Background: Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMN) are being diagnosed with increasing frequency. Computerized tomography scanning is commonly used as the primary imaging modality before surgery nonetheless magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) provides better characterization. Endosonography-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has emerged as a way to reach pathological diagnose. Aim: To compare results of both methods with surgical pathology findings for classification of IPMN. Methods: Thirty-six patients submitted to surgical resection with preoperative suspect of IPMN were submitted preoperatively to MRCP and EUS-FNA. Images obtained were analyzed according to a classification determined for each method. ROC curve was used for statistical analysis, that compared the images tests with the purpose of finding the best method for diagnosis and classification of IPMN. Results: Sixteen patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, 16 to subtotal pancreatectomy and only four laparotomy. Pathological diagnosis was IPMN (n=33) and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia type 2 (n=3). Twenty-nine revealed non-invasive neoplasia and invasive form in four patients. MRCP and EUS-FNA have correctly diagnosed and classified (type of IPMN), in 62.5% and 83.3% (p=0.811), the affected segment location in 69% and 92% (p=0.638) and identification of nodules and/or vegetation presence in 45% and 90% (p=0.5). Regarding to histopathological diagnosis by EUS-FNA the sensitivity was 83.3%; specificity was 100%; positive predictive value was 100%; negative predictive value was 33.3% and accuracy was 91.7%. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the diagnosis of IPMN. However, EUS-FNA showed better absolute results than MRCP to identify nodule and/or vegetation.
FACTORS RELATED TO THE REDUCTION OF THE RISK OF COMPLICATIONS IN COLORECTAL SURGERY WITHIN PERIOPERATIVE CARE RECOMMENDED BY THE ACERTO PROTOCOL
Authors: BICUDO-SALOMÃO Alberto , SALOMÃO Rosana de Freitas , CUERVA Mariani Parra , MARTINS Michelle Santos , DOCK-NASCIMENTO Diana Borges , AGUILAR-NASCIMENTO José Eduardo de
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Background: Perioperative care multimodal protocol significantly improve outcome in surgery. Aim: To investigate risk factors to various endpoints in patients submitted to elective colorectal operations under the ACERTO protocol. Methods: Cohort study analyzing through a logistic regression model able to assess independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality, patients submitted to elective open colon and/or rectum resection and primary anastomosis who were either exposed or non-exposed to demographic, clinical, and ACERTO interventions. Results: Two hundred thirty four patients were analyzed and submitted to 156 (66.7%) rectal and 78 (33.3%) colonic procedures. The length of hospital postoperative stay (LOS) ≥ 7 days was related to rectal surgery and high NNIS risk index; preoperative fasting ≤4 h (OR=0.250; CI95=0.114-0.551) and intravenous volume of crystalloid infused > 30ml/kg/day (OR=0.290; CI95=0.119-0.706). The risk of postoperative site infection (SSI) was approximately four times greater in malnourished; eight in rectal surgery and four in high NNIS index. The duration of preoperative fasting ≤4 h was a protective factor by reducing by 81.3% the risk of surgical site infection (SSI). An increased risk for anastomotic fistula was found in malnutrition, rectal surgery and high NNIS index. Conversely, preoperative fasting ≤4 h (OR=0.11; CI95=0.05-0.25; p<0.0001) decreased the risk of fistula. Factors associated with pneumonia-atelectasis were cancer and rectal surgery, while preoperative fasting ≤ 4 h (OR=0.10; CI95=0.04-0.24; p<0.0001) and intravenous crystalloid ≤ 30 ml/kg/day (OR=0.36; CI95=0.13-0.97, p=0.044) shown to decrease the risk. Mortality was lower with preoperative fasting ≤4 h and intravenous crystalloids infused ≤30 ml/kg/day. Conclusion: This study allows to conclude that rectal procedures, high NNIS index, preoperative fasting higher than 4 h and intravenous fluids greater than 30 ml/kg/day during the first 48 h after surgery are independent risk factors for: 1) prolonged LOS; 2) surgical site infection and anastomotic fistula associated with malnutrition; 3) postoperative pneumonia-atelectasis; and 4) postoperative mortality.
IS THERE A RELATION BETWEEN HELYBACTER PYLORI AND INTESTINAL METAPLASIA IN SHORT COLUMN EPITELIZATION UP TO 10 MM IN THE DISTAL ESOPHAGUS?
Authors: DEGIOVANI Matheus , RIBAS Carmem Australia Paredes Marcondes , CZECZKO Nicolau Gregori , PARADA Artur Adolfo , FRONCHETTI Juliana de Andrade , MALAFAIA Osvaldo
Published: December 2019

ABSTRAT Background: The presence of intestinal metaplasia in the distal esophagus (Barrett’s esophagus) is an important precursor of adenocarcinoma. Knowledge of the risk factors and the process by which the Barrett develops is very important and Helicobacter pylori (HP) can contribute to this development. Aim: To analyze the impact of HP in the gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia in the distal esophagus in areas of columnar epithelialization smaller than 10 mm in length and epidemiological data on prevalence Method: A retrospective study in which were included 373 consecutive patients diagnosed with columnar epithelium in the distal esophagus was done. In all, HP was investigated by urease and histology, exclusion and inclusion factors were applied and patients were divided into two groups: the first grouping the ones without histological diagnosis of Barrett’s esophagus (235-63%) and the second with it (138-37%). Results: There was no significant difference between HP and non-HP patients in relation to the probability of having intestinal metaplasia (p=0.587). When related to the general group, there was an inverse association between the bacterium and the columnar epithelia in the distal esophagus. Age (p=0.031), gender (p=0.013) and HP (p=0.613) when related together to intestinal metaplasia showed no significant relation. In isolation, when related to age and gender, regardless of HP, results confirmed that patients in more advanced age and women present a higher incidence of intestinal metaplasia. Conclusion: There is an inverse relation between HP and the areas of columnar epithelization in the distal esophagus, regardless of the presence or absence of intestinal metaplasia. Age and gender, regardless of HP, showed higher prevalence in women and in older the number of cases with intestinal metaplasia in the distal esophagus.
N-SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY: AN OPTION FOR OBESITY AND GERD
Authors: PALERMO Mariano , SERRA Edgardo , DUZA Guillermo
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Background: Obesity represents a growing threat to population health all over the world. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy induces alteration of the esophagogastric angle due to surgery itself, hypotony of the lower esophageal sphincter after division of muscular sling fibers, decrease of the gastric volume and, consequently, increase of intragastric pressure; that’s why some patients have reflux after sleeve. Aim: To describe a technique and preliminary results of sleeve gastrectomy with a Nissen fundoplication, in order to decrease reflux after sleeve. Method: In the current article we describe the technique step by step mostly focused on the creation of the wrap and it care. Results: This procedure was applied in a case of 45 BMI female of 53 years old, with GERD. An endoscopy was done demonstrating a hiatal hernia, and five benign polyps. A Nissen sleeve was performed due to its GERD, hiatal hernia and multiple polyps on the stomach. She tolerated well the procedure and was discharged home uneventfully 48 h after. Conclusion: N-sleeve is a feasible and safe alternative in obese patients with reflux and hiatal hernia when Roux-en-Y gastric bypass it is not indicated.
Sistemas de Saúde e Competências do Enfermeiro em Portugal
Authors: Cantante Ana Paula da Silva Rocha , Fernandes Henriqueta Ilda Verganista Martins , Teixeira Manuela Josefa , Frota Mirna Albuquerque , Rolim Karla Maria Carneiro , Albuquerque Firmina Hermelinda Saldanha
Published: December 2019

Resumo O artigo discorre sobre o Sistema de Saúde em Portugal que possui o modelo de Beverigde, baseado no financiamento dos serviços de saúde pelas receitas, obtidas por impostos sobre o rendimento dos contribuintes, alicerçado num sistema público, em que o direito à saúde é independente do trabalho e do emprego. O ensino de Enfermagem está estruturado em: Formação Pré-Graduada – Licenciatura; Mestrado e Doutorado em Ciências de Enfermagem e Enfermagem. A competência do enfermeiro de cuidados gerais refere-se ao desempenho profissional demonstrador da aplicação efetiva do conhecimento e das capacidades, que lhe permitem o juízo clínico e a tomada de decisão. O exercício das competências baseia-se na relação interpessoal entre o enfermeiro e o cliente individual e/ou grupo; tomada de decisão baseada em evidência científica, juízo clínico fundamentado nas necessidades de cuidados individuais ou do grupo, intervenções de Enfermagem prescritas considerando a segurança dos cuidados e do cliente, detecção precoce dos reais ou potenciais diagnósticos buscando resolução ou minimização das consequências, pelos valores dos clientes, além do respeito e regulamentação profissional que estabelecem a boa prática.
Precarização do mercado de trabalho de auxiliares e técnicos de Enfermagem no Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Silva Raimunda Magalhães da , Vieira Luiza Jane Eyre de Souza , Garcia Filho Carlos , Bezerra Indara Cavalcante , Cavalcante Ana Neiline , Borba Netto Fernanda Colares de , Aguiar Francisca Alanny Rocha
Published: December 2019

Resumo O artigo analisa o mercado de trabalho de auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem no Ceará, nos anos de 2013 a 2017, nos aspectos relacionados à precarização do trabalho. Duas fontes de dados foram empregadas. A Pesquisa sobre o Perfil da Equipe de Enfermagem no Brasil (PPEB), de caráter transversal, foi utilizada como linha de base, e a Relação Anual de Informações Sociais-RAIS, longitudinal, possibilitou o estudo da evolução de algumas das variáveis relacionadas à precarização do trabalho. Dada a pequena quantidade de estudos semelhantes para essa categoria profissional, optou-se por realizar uma abordagem exploratória que subsidiou uma discussão crítica dos resultados. A precarização do trabalho de auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem é sustentada por evidências empíricas nas quatro perspectivas adotadas pela Organização Internacional do Trabalho-OIT: temporal, econômica, social e organizacional. Embora seja um mercado com saldo positivo de admissões em relação aos desligamentos, os empregos apresentam baixos salários, vínculos precários, alta rotatividade, ausência de perspectiva de ascensão e condições adversas de trabalho, como exposição a violência, discriminação e acidentes. Conclui-se que os dados da RAIS corroboram os achados da PPEB e apontam que inexiste qualquer tendência de melhora dessa situação.