bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro growth of Sempur (Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe) shoots in response to different types of plants growth regulators supplemented on MS medium
Authors: Wulandari D R , Rudiyanto  , Rantau D E , Ermayanti T M , Firdaus H L
Published: June 2021

Plant tissue culture of Sempur (Dillenia philippinensisRolfe) has not been widely reported. The previous study showed that BAP added to Murashige & Skoog (MS) basal medium promoted the growth ofD. philippinensisshoot culture. This research aimed to investigate the growth ofD. philippinensisshoot tip cultures on MS medium containing three types of cytokinins namely BAP, Kinetin, and 2-iP compared with Gibberelic acid (GA3). The results showed that the type and concentrations of cytokinins significantly affected all growth parameters observed except the number of roots which was only influenced by cytokinin concentrations alone. However, different levels of GA3did not significantly affect all growth parameters observed. After eight weeks of culture, MS medium containing 1 mg/l 2-iP gave the best response for plant height, (3.68± 0.26 cm). The highest number of leaves (20.33±3.14) and nodes (6.67± 0.21) were found in MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l BAP. While the highest number of roots (1.83±0.17) was found in MS medium without the addition of cytokinins. The range of average values of plant height at different levels of GA3was 3.08-3.74 cm; the number of leaves was 5.1-7.5; the number of nodes was 3.9-5.4 and the number of roots was 1.0-2.8.
Study on Renewable Energy System based on Mars Resources
Authors: Feng L , Shu W X , Xie F , Wen C , Bai J Y , Wan C A , Yu H M
Published: June 2021

This project discussed the technical feasibility and comprehensive utilization of resources and energy on Mars, which may have applications in the Mars exploration. Renewable fuel cell system could convert solar energy into chemical energy, electric energy and heat energy with the medium of recycled water, hydrogen and oxygen. In this project, a renewable energy system was designed based on fuel cell and water electrolyzer. Thereafter, the performance of the regenerative fuel cell was tested. The result shows that the power generation efficiency of the regenerative fuel cell was 65.41%, and the electrolysis efficiency was 90.2%. Meanwhile, the purity of hydrogen and oxygen were over 99.99% and the conductivity of water was lower than 5.0μS/cm.
Research on Hot Water System of PVT Coupled Heat Pump High-speed Service Area Based on TRNSYS
Authors: Feng Ran , Xu Jinghua , Guan Xia , Gao Qingfei , Li Xianming , Shan Baoqi , Yin Zizhuang
Published: June 2021

The high-speed service area is located outside of the urban energy system. If there is no efficient energy saving technology, it will lead to a large amount of energy consumption. As an important ancillary facility along the expressway, the service area has a large demand for hot water due to the high density of human flow. Renewable energy should be fully utilized to make domestic hot water. In this paper, a water-cooled photo-voltaic thermal (PV/T) coupled heat pump hot water system model is proposed. The TRNSYS model for the system operation is built, and an operating experimental platform is set up to verify the model experimentally. The comprehensive performance of typical days in winter and summer was evaluated, and it was found that the average COP of the system was as high as 7.9 and 8.1 respectively. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is as high as 17.5% and 19.5%, respectively. This system has good technical adaptability in the high-speed service area, providing certain guidance for building the green and ecological high-speed service area.
Multi-energy System Planning Based on Cascade Hydro-Photovoltaic-Pumped Storage Hybrid Generation System
Authors: Zhou Nan , Xie Da
Published: June 2021

Yalong River in Sichuan, China is a typical cascade hydro-photovoltaic-pumped storage (CHPPS) correlation system. CHPPS correlation system can achieve the objectives of multi-energy complementarities, renewable energy consumption and power supply structure optimization. This paper proposes a novel planning of cascade hydro-photovoltaic hybrid generation with pumped storage generations (PG). Firstly, the concept of comprehensive model of location and capacity for multi-energy system is proposed. With the form of equality constraint, correlation model reflects the space-time complementarities of hydropower (HY) and photovoltaic power (PV). Secondly, the correlation model is derived in detail with the specific form provided. Then, a multi-objective planning model is established with power flow and reliability constraints. Thereafter, a novel solution method that combines the fast non-dominated genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is developed. An example using the CHPPS based on IEEE 33-node distribution system is demonstrated in this paper. Simulation results show that the proposed model considering the correlation model possesses reasonable investments, good income and excellent water-light complementary ability.
Study on the flexibility enhancement of China’s power system with renewable energy
Authors: Jiao Jian
Published: June 2021

At present, China’s renewable energy utilization scale has ranked first in the world. By the end of 2019, China’s cumulative installed capacity of solar power had reached 204.3 million kW, and that of wind power had reached 210 million kW. Some parts of China already have a high proportion of renewable energy power systems. However, the lack of flexibility in China’s power system has become a constraint to the development of renewable energy. This paper analyzes the current situation of the flexibility of China’s power system and the problems facing the development of high proportion of renewable energy. It is proposed that the flexibility of China’s power system should be improved by retrofitting the existing coal power system, controlling the scale of newly installed coal power plant, establishing the demand side resource utilization system, planning the energy storage application of the power system, and implementing the reform of the power market.
Optimal Operation for Integrated Electricity and Natural Gas Systems Considering Dynamic Gas Linepack
Authors: Han Huachun , Li Qiang , Wu Shengjun
Published: June 2021

With the increasing penetration of gas-fired turbines, the efficient and safe operation of power systems depends on the sufficient supply of natural gas. Hence, we proposed a coordinated optimal operation model of integrated electricity and natural gas systems (IENs). The gas linepack is considered by applying dynamic flow models. The non-convex Weymouth equality is converted to a second-order cone inequality constraint and a concave constraint that can be linearized by Taylor expansion. The initial operation point is obtained by optimizing the steady flow model. We proposed an algorithm based on the sequential strategy to solve this mixed-integer second order cone programming (MISOCP). The case study demonstrates that the proposed method can solve the MISOCP effectively and the operation cost can be reduced by taking full use of the gas linepack that is calculated by the dynamic gas flow model.
Performance optimization of high-temperature heat pump system for staged heating under large temperature span
Authors: Hao Zhang , Yanting Zhang , Lin Wang , Jingyu Xu , Lumeng Huang , Zheng Huang , Guangzhi Zhang
Published: June 2021

With the rise in the widespread application of high-temperature heat pump (HTHP) systems, the system temperature across the large volume, high condensing temperature, and sink unbalanced proportion of heat supply, and other characteristics of the HTHP system need to be optimized as the primary solution. To improve the thermodynamic performance of the system at high temperatures across the process, the effects of the intermediate cooling structure circulation mode and hierarchical heating on the HTHP system were analyzed in this work. Furthermore, the HTHP system was optimized by adjusting the appropriate diversion coefficients in order to improve its coefficient of performance (COP). The optimum value of COP and the corresponding coefficients of diversion for the different process requirements were calculated using R245fa as the refrigerant and perturbing the coefficients of diversion in combination with a simulated annealing algorithm. When the condensing temperature was between 120–140 °C, the COP of the optimized system was observed to be 15.93–20.48% higher than that of the traditional two-stage compression system, and the system was found to exhibit a significant unit heat production and refrigeration capacity.
A Park-type energy local area network planning method considering multi-energy co-optimization
Authors: Wang Chenlei , Chen Dong , Chen Aikang , Xie Da
Published: June 2021

Energy Internet, which is regarded as the new generation energy utilization system, is an ideal solution to achieve sustainable development. In this paper, we propose a park-type Energy Local Area Network (ELAN) planning method for the planning and operation control of the ELAN. Firstly, we classify the park from its industrial structure and analyse the positioning of the park in terms of energy, environment, and load factors. Then, the physical planning architecture of the park-type ELAN is built. Subsequently, a planning method of park-type ELAN is proposed, which can incorporate the optimization problem of multi-energy cooperative scheduling into the planning model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by performing calculations with a solid waste treatment park system.
Research on electric heating integrated system based on multi-factor game equilibrium
Authors: Qiao Ke , Wu Xinling , Zhan Tao , Huang Furong , Jiang Xi
Published: June 2021

Taking the electric heating joint market as the research object, based on the standard Nash game model framework, a two-stage game model consisting of consumers, energy suppliers and electric heating joint trading center is established. It reveals the electric heating joint trading center and the consumer game mechanism, analyzes the game process, and proposes the overall structure of the game in the electric heating joint market, uses a distributed algorithm to solve the model, and establishes the optimal strategy for the interests of both parties. Finally, the model was simulated and verified, and the conclusion showed that the peak-to-average ratio decreased to 1.42 by using the method in this paper, which is lower than the value of 1.51 in the traditional method. The fluctuation range of electricity price is between 9.43∼18.56 ￠ / kWh, and its highest and lowest values are both smaller than the peak-valley price in the time-of-use tariff strategy.
Analysis on Several Blackouts Caused by Extreme Weather and its Enlightenment
Authors: Wang Ying , Wu Jiechen , Yi Haiqiong
Published: June 2021

In recent years, blackouts caused by extreme weather show a trend of frequent occurrence. This paper analyses the external causes of blackouts, summarizes the evolution process of blackouts, discusses the internal causes of blackouts in power system, analyses the challenges faced by power system under the superposition of extreme weather and renewable energy, and finally puts forward some suggestions for the planning of high proportion renewable energy power system.
Structural calculation analysis and design of a Towering concrete building
Authors: Ren Haibo
Published: June 2021

This Towering building is a concrete tower with a height of 199. 10m and an octagonal plane, with a complex structure. The structure is calculated as a whole through the programs of two different mechanical models, the calculation results are relatively close, and the control indicators meet the requirements of relevant specifications and regulations. This article introduces and analyzes the structural system, structural calculation and analysis methods, seismic performance objectives, and overall calculation results of the project, and details the design of the steel tower.
Research on the Influence of Balance Hole on the Performance of Ocean energy gas-liquid multiphase pump
Authors: Xie Hang , Luo Xingqi , Li Chenhao , Yan Sina , Zhu Guojun
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the Euler-Euler heterogeneous flow model is used to simulate the models of centrifugal deep-sea multiphase pump before and after the balance hole is opened under different inlet air ratios. The effect of the balance hole on the external characteristics of the pump is illustrated by comparing the static pressure distribution on the blade surface before and after the opening and the hydraulic loss in the impeller. The research results show that when the inlet air content is less than 5%, the external characteristics of the multipahse pump are reduced, and when the inlet air content is greater than 5%, the balance hole has an improved effect on the external characteristics of the mixed pump. At this time, the static pressure on the blade surface is increased compared with the original model, and the flow loss on the impeller is significantly reduced.
Study on the influence of tip clearance of tidal tubular turbine on pressure pulsation of draft tube
Authors: Wu Yuyang , Li Chenhao , Wang Xiaohang , Zhu Guojun
Published: June 2021

With the development of clean and renewable energy, especially tidal energy, people pay more and more attention to the performance optimization of tubular turbine. Tip clearance of a tubular turbine affects the flow field at the draft tube inlet, and then affects the overall performance of the turbine. In this paper, a full-passage model is established for a bulb tubular turbine. When the tip clearance is 2mm, the variation of pressure pulsation in the different sections of draft tube and the wall surface in different working conditions are monitored. And the effect of tip clearance on the pressure pulsation in the diffusion section is analyzed. The results show that the pressure pulsation is significantly enhanced near the inlet wall of draft tube under the effect of clearance leakage flow. The main frequency amplitude of pressure pulsation on the draft tube wall decreases along the flow direction, indicating that the effect of tip clearance leakage flow on the draft tube wall decreases gradually. The amplitude of pressure pulsation under deviation condition is much larger than the optimal condition, indicating that the effect of clearance leakage vortex on the wall of diffusion section is stronger under the deviation condition. The research results provide reference for the draft tube design of the tubular turbine and the safe and stable operation of the unit.
Modelling of Reverse Logistics Network Design for Waste Refrigerators
Authors: Wang Bin , Hao Hao , Li Hehuang
Published: June 2021

Recycling of waste refrigerators plays an important role in the current reverse logistics research. In this paper, the integer programming model is applied to establish the optimization model of recycling network of waste refrigerators. The model considers whether the recycling center, re-manufacturing center and other nodes are set up or not, and the distribution plan between logistics nodes. The objective function is to minimize the total cost of logistics which includes the fixed cost of facility establishment and the variable cost including cost of processing products at the logistics node as well as vehicle use. Constraints consider the balance of goods in and out logistics nodes and the capacity limit to facilities and vehicles. The model in this paper is verified with actual enterprise cases, which proves the effectiveness of the model in this paper. Applying the model in this paper can effectively improve the operating efficiency of waste refrigerator logistics enterprises.
Analysis and simulation of multi-station fusion layered structure based on MMC module
Authors: Chen Dong , Zhang Yanchi , Li He , Zhang Xinlin , Zhao Yuzhuo , Wang Chenlei , Xie Da
Published: June 2021

In order to solve the problems of low space utilization rate and insufficient power supply reliability of substations, a multi-station fusion technology with substations as the main body and multiple power stations (5G communication base station, electric vehicle charging station, data center and energy storage station) was proposed. In this paper, the layered structure of the new fusion power station with “multi-station fusion” is proposed to clarify the collaborative working mode of various parts in the new fusion power station through the layered structure, so as to prevent equipment failures caused by interlocking control information. At the same time, the topological structure of the energy transfer layer of the new fusion power station is designed, and the MMC module is used in the energy transfer layer for energy transmission. Then the verification procedure, analysis of the circuit feasibility of the output waveform and control of the signal waveform are realized on the hardware circuit.
Characteristics and evaluation of tight gas reservoir in Shaxi miao Formation, Northeastern Sichuan Basin
Authors: jingfeng Wu
Published: June 2021

The reservoir of Shaximiao Formation is mainly composed of channel coarse sandstone and fine sandstone. The rocks are dense, the lithology is single and the thickness is l arge. The physical properties of Shaximiao Formation are not clear for the northeast Sichuan area. Based on field and core physical property analysis of Shaximiao Formation in Northeast Sichuan Basin, the characteristics of porosity and permeability of Shaximiao Formation are defined, the porosity-permeability relation chart is established, and on this basis, The tight reservoir of Shaximiao Formation was evaluated, the result show that the favorable reservoir is mainly located in the intersection area of channel sand, the reservoirs are mainly of III type, followed by the reservoirs of II type, and the I type are the least.
Experimental study on the influence of inlet distortion on the performance of single suction centrifugal pump
Authors: Liu Yuwen , Lu Jinling , Wang Like , Jin En , Wang Kai , Wang Wei
Published: June 2021

As a renewable energy source, water energy is indispensable in hydropower generation, and centrifugal pump is widely used in hydroelectric generation. But the centrifugal pump usually uses elbow pipe inflow due to the limitation of installation space, and the inflow distortion will lead to the decrease of pump performance and the increase of vibration. In this paper, the influence rule of inflow distortion on external characteristics and pressure pulsation of centrifugal pump was analyzed. The research results show that the inflow of elbow pipe will lead to the decrease of the head and efficiency of the centrifugal pump, which will decrease by 0.68m and 1.5% at the maximum under the design condition. The increase of bend angle will increase the pressure pulsation at the inlet of the centrifugal pump, which has an influence on the pressure pulsation around the volute at different positions, especially the pressure pulsation intensity at the tongue position significantly increases. The research in this paper can provide reference for the design and safe operation of inlet pipeline in practical engineering.
Day-ahead Optimal Scheduling for Cluster Smart Buildings Considering Power Sharing
Authors: Wu Jiechen , Yi Haiqiong , Liu Mei , Wang Ying
Published: June 2021

With the deregulation of power industry and increasing penetration of distributed energy resources, the study on the optimal schedule of demand-side resource under the electricty market environment has attracted wide attention from academia and industry. In this study, a market-based operational framework for cluster smart buildings is proposed. On this basis, a day-ahead optimal scheduling strategy and model for cluster smart buildings considering the overall power balance and consumer preferences and behaviors is proposed. The smart building energy management system comprising photovoltaic, electric vehicles and thermostatic controllable loads aims to minimize the total energy procurement cost. And then, the numerical results indicate that the proposed scheduling model can achieve local power sharing in the smart community. Finaly, the optimal scheduling results under consideration or no consideration of the transformer power limit are discussed.
Research on Defect Diagnosis of High-voltage Cables in Power Grid Based on Statistical Theory
Authors: Wang Chunfeng , Fu Guanru , Xu Hang , Wang Xu , Zheng Weiqiang
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the ZR-YJV223-15kV cable is selected as the experimental sample, and the focus is on the change of the two insulation characteristic quantities, the dielectric loss factor and the polarization index. The insulation characteristic quantities of cables with different types of defects is tested and analysed during the combined electric and heating aging process. To obtain the differences in the evolution of the characteristic quantities affected by different types of defects, statistical analysis and OriginPro8 software scientific methods are used to systematically analyse and process experimental data, at the same time the correlation between each characteristic quantity is found out. It proves that the dielectric loss factor and polarization index can be used to screen out the types of cable defects in the aging stage. The research results will provide technical support to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power system.
Simulation of the influence of structural parameters on methane explosion in closed vessels
Authors: Wang Xuxu , Guo Pinkun , Wang Zhirong , Wang Baishi , Liu Songjie , Xu Chuanqing , Chang Xinyue , Cao Xingyan
Published: June 2021

The gas explosion parameters are affected by the structural parameters. Therefore, the paper numerically studied the gas explosion in cylinder to quantify the dependency of gas explosion parameters on the structural parameters. The results show that both the volume and length-diameter ratio of the cylindrical container affected the methane explosion characteristic parameters. With the increase of volume in the same shape, the time to reach the maximum gas explosion pressure increased, while the maximum rate of pressure rise reduced. With the length-diameter ratio increased, the time to reach the maximum gas explosion pressure became longer and the maximum rate of pressure rise decreased. It is found that the maximum rate of pressure rise conformed to exponential 2D with the volume and length-diameter ratio.
Analysis on the Development of Renewable Energy Power Application in the Energy Transition
Authors: Kong Dexia , Liang Jun
Published: June 2021

Today’s world is in a wave of energy transition. Relying on the advantages of low carbon and rapid cost reduction, renewable energy has gradually become the core of many countries to promote energy transition and an important way to deal with energy crisis and environmental pollution. Renewable energy power generation has also become the main source of new power generation. Combining energy development, this article analyzes the problems of China’s renewable energy power, puts forward suggestions on related issues, promotes energy transition, and contributes to the establishment of a green and low-carbon circular economic system.
Study on the interchangeability between low calorific value coalbed methane blended with hydrogen, dimethyl ether and natural gas
Authors: Yu Zhou , Mandi Lin
Published: June 2021

China is rich in coal-bed methane resources, but the utilization rate is very low, especially the low calorific value coal-bed methane, because of its methane concentration cannot meet the requirements of direct utilization, it must be discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in serious energy waste and environmental pollution. In this paper, the interchangeability of hydrogen, dimethyl ether and low calorific value coalbed methane mixtures with natural gas, as well as the influence of blending proportion on the interchangeability were studied by AGA index method and Weaver index method respectively. The results show that: An increasing number of the blending proportion of hydrogen in low calorific value coalbed methane can promote the heat load index and air ejection index to meet the requirements of interchangeability, reduce the tendency of lifting and yellow tipping, increase the tendency of flashback and incomplete combustion; while increasing the blending proportion of methane in low calorific value coalbed methane can also promote the heat load index and air ejection index to meet the requirements of interchangeability, and at the same time, it reduces the tendency of lifting, but increases the tendency of flashback and incomplete combustion, and the possibility of yellow tipping. What’s more, because of the low calorific value of hydrogen, the heat load index is always unable to meet the interchange requirements, the dimethyl ether was introduced into the mixture, and the interchangeability between low calorific value coalbed methane blended with hydrogen, dimethyl ether and natural gas was studied as well. When the blending proportion of hydrogen is controlled at 20%, in order to meet the interchangeability requirements, the blending proportion of dimethyl ether should be controlled to 60%, but some measures should be taken to prevent flashback, such as appropriately reducing the diameter of fire hole.
Spatial structure and resource potential of heat storage in Nanmeng geothermal field
Authors: Zhang Xiaowei , Wang Yichen , Jiang Zhou , Li Jianmin , Zhu Jun , Zhao Lei , Jia Yingchao
Published: June 2021

The geothermal conditions in Jizhong Depression are superior, and the area has many years of geothermal development history at present. Nanmeng geothermal field is located in the dominant area of geothermal resources in Jizhong depression, most of which is suitable for large-scale geothermal development. The main reservoirs in Nanmeng geothermal field include pore sandstone reservoirs of Neogene Guantao Formation and bedrock reservoirs of Jixian System. The Jixian System is the main thermal reservoir in the region, with a buried depth of 2000-4000 meters, a thickness of 500-700 meters, and a heat storage temperature of 70-105°C. It is characterized by large amount of water, good water quality and easy recharge of reservoirs. According to the difference of overlying strata structure, the buried depth of the main reservoirs in Nanmeng geothermal field gradually increases from south to north. In this paper, the annual geothermal recoverable resource of Nanmeng geothermal field is calculated as 0.3 × 1016J by the heat storage method, and the produced water temperature and the dynamic fluid level of the produced water are analyzed by the numerical simulation method. Finally, the most favorable well spacing of Nanmeng geothermal field is determined as 4A, which lays a foundation for the geothermal resource planning and development in Nanmeng.
Structural De-leveraging of New Energy Enterprises and Corporate Risk-taking
Authors: Juan Wang
Published: June 2021

the exploitation and utilization of new energy have lifted the predicament of human energy. In the passing years, thanks to the increasing investment in the area of new energy, new energy enterprises have developed into a vital force to boost China’s economic development. However, currently, the success of investment projects of new energy enterprises is closely associated with the support of bank debt funds. In the context of “de-leveraging” of non-financial enterprises, does the de-leveraging of bank loans of new energy enterprises exert an impact on corporate risk-taking? With reference to Principal-agent Theory, Trade-off Theory and Heterogeneous Debt Theory, this paper explores the impact of deleveraging of bank loans on corporate risk-taking with A-share new energy listed companies from 2011 to 2019 as research samples. The research results suggest that: first of all, there exists a positive U-shaped relationship between deleveraging of bank loans of new energy enterprises and corporate risk-taking; besides, the deleveraging of bank loans of over-indebted enterprises will significantly alleviate corporate risk-taking; de-leveraging of bank loans of under-indebted enterprises will significantly increase corporate risk-taking.
Copula Correlation Modeling of Wind Farms Generation and Its Application in Power Dispatching
Authors: Nan Ning , Xiaokang Wu , Qianwen Shao , Min Xie , Binbin Huang , Shujia Li
Published: June 2021

With the large-scale integration of wind power into the grid, a model that can accurately describe the randomness of wind farm output and the correlation between them is of great significance to be constructed. A joint distribution function of multiple wind plants output model based on Copula theory is constructed. By introducing correlation and fitting coefficient, the attribute recognition theory is put forward to select the optimal model based on entropy weight method. Finally, the validity of Copula modeling is verified by using the synchronized historical data of California coastal wind farms as a sample. The results show that t-copula can not only describe the correlation between the original variables well, but also fit the empirical distribution function of the original samples accurately.
A prediction model of wellbore temperature and pressure distribution in hydrocarbon gas injection well
Authors: Wang Yichen , Ye Jigen , Wu Shuhong
Published: June 2021

For the sake of solving the problem that it is difficult to dynamically monitor the wellbore temperature and pressure of hydrocarbon gas injection well and accurately predicting the bottom hole injection pressure, a mathematical model to describe wellbore temperature and pressure distribution is presented according to the heat transfer principle, the energy conservation law and the momentum theorem. The Shiu-Beggs wellbore temperature calculation method is used in this model to avoid errors caused by inaccurate thermodynamic parameters, and the pressure gradient equation is modified by introducing correction coefficients to improve the calculation precision of the model in practice. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta method was used to solve the model, and the new model was analyzed and verified by actual field data. The results show that the wellbore temperature is nonlinearly distributed, while the wellbore pressure is linearly distributed, and the bottom hole pressure calculated by this model is more accurate than that calculated by other methods. This study can play a certain guiding role for the injection scheme design of hydrocarbon gas injection well.
Study on the optimization of co-HTC conditions towards maximized fuel performance and lower sulfur contents of ROM coal/lignocellulosic biomass hydrochars
Authors: Fakudze Sandile , Wei Yingyuan , Ma Ru , Chen Jianqiang , Han Jiangang
Published: June 2021

Run-of-mine (ROM) coal and rice straw (RS) were upgraded by co-hydrothermal processing in oxidative acid/alkaline solvents. Optimization of co-HTC parameters was performed using the Taguchi method to investigate optimal conditions for the production of hydrochars with desired fuel properties. Based on calculations of S/N ratios, hydrochar with the best combustibility can be produced using the lowest reaction temperature (180 °C) and residence time (4 h), hence minimizing energy consumption. Hydrochars produced using optimal conditions for the best EY and PA indices had very high HHV values of 29.4 and 29.0 MJkg-1, respectively. In addition, ROM coal/RS hydrochars prepared using optimal conditions were characterized by lower sulfur contents (0.00-0.41 wt.%) and considerably low post-combustion ash contents.
In-situ Hydrothermal Synthesis of SnS2/SnO2/rGO Nanocomposites with Enhanced Photogenerated Electron Transfer for Photoreduction of CO2 to CH4
Authors: Jin Cheng , Feng Wei , Zhao Xiaoyan
Published: June 2021

The ternary SnS2/SnO2/rGO nanocomposites were successfully designed and fabrication for promoting the separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons. Based on the introduction of rGO, adjusting the content of SnS2 can tune the energy of the conduction band to a suitable position, which can promote the activity and selectivity for photocatalytic reduction of CO2. The internal mechanism of the energy band structure that determines the separation and transport of photogenerated electrons was further studied to establish the relationship between the energy band and the photocatalytic performance of activity and selectivity. This work provides some references for the field of photocatalytic decarburization.
Combustion performance of hydrochars produced via citricacid-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of pomelo peel at various temperatures
Authors: Ma Ru , Fakudze Sandile , Chen Jianqiang
Published: June 2021

The shortage of fossil energy has become a worldwide problem. China has a vast land and a dense population, and the consumption of energy is becoming huge day by day. Biomass as a renewable and eco-friendly energy source has attracted extensive attention from researchers. In this study, biomass fuel was prepared by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technology with pomelo peel as feedstock. The combustion performance of citric acid (CA) assisted hydrochar based on pomelo peel was investigated under different treatment temperatures. The results show that the sample of PPH220-CA can become a good biomass fuel with excellent C content of 71.2%, HHV value of 27.7MJ/kg and combustion adequacy of 3.04%, so it is possible to play a role in the energy field in the future as an alternative fuel for coal.
Application of hydrogen energy in low carbon cities
Authors: Xin Gao
Published: June 2021

Hydrogen energy, as a new clean energy, has attracted wide attention all over the world because of its own advantages, and China is also one of the hydrogen energy plans in some countries. But most of the investment and energy of hydrogen energy are in other fields, such as transportation. Low carbon cities are the development model to deal with environmental deterioration and climate change in recent years. They introduce low carbon clean energy, introduce low carbon energy in small towns and construction life cycle, and establish low carbon operation system. For hydrogen valley or hydrogen energy town model to provide reference. Through the analysis and comparison of the initial utilization of hydrogen energy and other energy sources at home and abroad and the literature of energy towns, and according to the development experience at home and abroad, the feasibility and operation mode of hydrogen energy in low carbon towns are summarized.
Investigation and Research on Utilization Rate of Construction Waste Resource in Wuhan
Authors: Zhu Botao , Zou Zuxu , Liu Yueyang
Published: June 2021

With the continuous development of the construction industry, the utilization rate of construction waste recycling is still at a low level. Therefore, the government has issued relevant policies to reduce construction waste and take measures for resource utilization. Based on the estimation of the output of construction waste in Wuhan in the past ten years, the current utilization level of construction waste in Wuhan is obtained. In combination with the current policy and Wuhan city construction waste recycling enterprise’s game, it is concluded that the government needs to enhance the construction waste recycling enterprise of rewards and punishments, so as to improve the utilization of construction waste.
Study on performance test methods and test rules of small complete set of domestic sewage treatment plant
Authors: Jin Huang , Youfeng Sun , Xiaoxin Zhang , Xia Huang , Guanjun Wang
Published: June 2021

This paper describes the test methods and corresponding test rules for the appearance, function, manufacturing, strength and tightness, safety, environmental protection, reliability, economy and generality of the small domestic sewage treatment plant, it can provide technical support for the quality improvement of small domestic sewage treatment plants in China.
Research of AHP evaluation for operation performance of water reuse system in industrial park
Authors: Xiaoxin Zhang , Jin Huang , Ling Lin , Yong Cui , Xiuteng Wang , Sinan Zhang , Fei Fang
Published: June 2021

The operation performance evaluation of water reuse system in industrial park is an extremely important and complex issue in the management of water reuse system. Based on constructing the operation performance evaluation index system of the water reuse system in industrial park in China, according to the characteristics of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), evaluation system was established to evaluate the operation performance of the water reuse system in industrial park. AHP evaluation model fully considers the subjective and objective factors with effectiveness and scientific nature.
Research on transforming food waste into valuable products
Authors: Guo Hanwen , Tong Lin , Guo Yuzhen , Shu Tianchu , Li Xu , Bai Binjie , Nie Xiaoqin
Published: June 2021

Transforming food waste into valuable products could solve the double crises of both depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution. Literature and filed research were combined for identifying the transforming technologies. Material balance analysis was used for the calculation of outputs from these technologies. Composting, feeding, anaerobic digestion, bioethanol conversion, biodiesel conversion as well as the integration system-biorefinery were the common technologies applied around world. With the material balance analysis, the outputs of each technology were compost, insect-based feed, biogas, bioethanol and biodiesel respectively. The amount of productions is not at a high level, both less than 20%, however when substituting fossil energy or materials, these food waste-based products could achieve good benefits. On the other hand, with the diversified technology systems, how to choose the optimal of technology with a good balance on resource, energy and environment respects, is another problem to be solved.
Experimental Research on the Seismic Capability of new green building materials
Authors: Wei Lihua , Liu Fuqiang , Feng Fei , Sun Yuxuan
Published: June 2021

It is the development trend of China’s housing industry to actively research and develop new green building materials and promote renewable energy. Glass fiber gypsum board concrete frame is green building material, and it has many advantages in building structure, including load-bearing, thermal insulation and so on. Based on the experiments of structure underhorizontal low cyclic loading, the aseismatic capacity of the connecting structure of the fiber-reinforced plasterboard and concrete frame is studied in this paper. Excellent aseismatic reliability of the two types connection had been showned in this experiment. So the scientific references to the designing and constructing of connection between fiber-reinforced plasterboard and concrete frame were offered.
Influence of Array Arrangement on Scattering Characteristics of Metal Circular Hole Nanostructures
Authors: Ji X W , Zhou Y
Published: June 2021

The key problem to improve the efficiency of solar cells by using the effect of surface plasmon is to select the parameters such as the material, shape, size, surface coverage, and the film thickness correctly. Much effort has been devoted to one-dimensional periodic arrays of slits and two-dimensional periodic arrays of holes with different shapes. However, little attention has been paid to the arrangement of the periodic arrays. In this article, we mainly analyze the scattering of gold circular hole arrays arranged in triangles, squares, rectangles and circles with the same thickness, aperture and period, and the results shows that scattering is affected by the arrangement of hole array. This will have certain potential significance to design metal dielectric structure properly for improving the absorption rate of photovoltaic devices.
Impact of energy-saving and carbon reduction policy on the upgrading of export product quality—Empirical analysis based on the PSM-DID method
Authors: Ren Shenggang , Ji Xiaohan
Published: June 2021

In view of the dual background of high-quality economic transformation and low-carbon economy, this paper treats energy-saving and carbon reduction policy for key energy users as a quasi-natural experiment, and empirically investigates the causality and internal mechanism of the front-end control environmental regulation on the export product quality of manufacturing firms. Utilizing the propensity score matching plus difference-in-differences (PSM-DID) method, and based on the export panel data of manufacturing firms, this research provides more in-depth and robust evidence that the policy has led to a significant improvement in export product quality among regulated firms. Furthermore, it is revealed that technological innovation is the driving factor and the positive effect is more pronounced for processing trade firms. The conclusions enrich the evidence for the Strong version of Porter hypothesis, clarifying that the front-end control environmental regulation based on key energy users in developing countries can achieve the double dividend of environmental protection and quality upgrading, thus provide policy implications accordingly.
Reexamine the relationship between new environmental paradigm and low-carbon consumption behavior
Authors: Xu Xue-Min , Ou Sheng-Jung , Huang Cheng
Published: June 2021

Carbon emission is an important cause of ecological imbalance and environmental pollution. Environmental issues such as energy consumption and carbon emissions caused by rapid economic development are important content that must be controlled at present. Reducing energy consumption in daily life is one of the most important energy-saving measures in densely populated cities. This study analyzed the environmental attitude of Shanghai citizens and the life energy-saving strategies promoted by the local government and found that the fulfillment of energy-saving behavior in daily life depends on people’s awareness of ecological balance and the degree of energy crisis. At the same time, the study found that energy-saving through building energy conservation, public resources and control of living consumption to promote the balanced development of ecology. The implementation of building energy conservation, electricity conservation, control of living consumption and other energy conservation behavior are also important ways to save energy.
Research on new energy electric shared bus route optimization based on floyd algorithm
Authors: Furen Wang , Yufang Wang
Published: June 2021

With the rapid development of cities, the problem of public transport congestion is becoming more and more serious, which affects the commuting punctuality and ride experience of workers. Shared bus has the characteristics of flexible route, comfortable ride and high punctuality rate, and is developing rapidly. In order to save energy and reduce emissions and reduce the impact of vehicles on the urban environment, shared buses are mostly electric buses with new energy sources. As the new energy electric bus is limited by the range and the uncertain demand of shared bus passengers, it is particularly important to plan the driving route in advance. This paper takes typical shared bus routes in LG City as an example, and carries out operation route planning on Visual C++ platform. Plan bus routes according to road conditions and passenger travel needs. The scheme shows that the Floyd algorithm can optimize the shared bus route, ensure sufficient power operation, effectively reduce the company’s operating cost, and assist the decision of route scheme. The research results of this paper have practical guiding significance and reference value for the sustainable development of urban commuting in the future.
Numerical Analysis of Indoor Thermal Environment with Solar Heating Collector and Skirting Radiator
Authors: Wang Ruoyu , Zhang Yu , Wang Xue
Published: June 2021

In view of the current heating situation in cuntryside, a new heating method is prosposed, which is using solar to store thermal energy and using skirting radiator to dissipate. This article first calculates the heat supply of solar energy, and then analyzes the indoor temperature distribution of the skirting radiator by numerical methods. Numerical analysis shows that method has certain feasibility. In areas with abundant solar energy, the thermal energy supplied by solar collectors can support the skirting radiator for more than hours of continuous heating. The heat dissipation effect of the skirting radiator is great, the temperature distribution in the room is evenly, and there is no obvious cold feeling near the wall.
Discussion on marine facies and beach bar—lagoon system of Xujiahe Formation in Sichuan Basin
Authors: Wei Jin , Zhiguo Wang
Published: June 2021

The oil and gas exploration of Xujiahe formation in Sichuan Basin has achieved good results. Natural gas reserves have been submitted by Yingshan structure, Tongjiang-nanjiang-bazhong structure, Guang’an and Hechuan, in this paper, we focus on the sedimentary characteristics of the upper triassic xujiahe formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin which is considered to be the interactive of the Delta and Lake deposit systems. It is believed that the Xujiahe formation in Sichuan Basin belongs to the Gulf environment. In the northeastern part of the basin, it is the combination of Beach bar-lagoon sedimentary deposit includes sand bars, all kinds of sand beaches, estuaries and tidal channels of lagoon or estuaries confined by sand bars, and the terraforming lagoon plain and its range of ancient sand dams.
Analysis of Employees’ Energy Conservation Behaviour in the Office Buildings—Based on the Structural Equation Model
Authors: Li Zhang , Di Zhang , Zitan Liu
Published: June 2021

Energy consumption and climate change have become an urgent task for economic and social development around the world. Building energy consumption and the indoor environment are largely influenced by users’ behaviours. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to users’ behaviour towards energy saving. By issuing questionnaires, this paper investigates the relationship between energy saving willingness, energy saving perception, and energy saving behaviour of office workers. The result shows that psychological factors such as that environmental values, energy saving knowledge, perception of behaviour control, and preference can indirectly affect employees’ energy saving behaviours. Psychological ownership and subjective norms have no obvious effect on promoting energy-saving behaviours. Besides, factors of policy, atmosphere, and publicity have significant effects on energy saving behaviours. Factors such as working age, education, and occupation can significantly promote employees’ energy-saving behaviours.
Research Status of Generation and Management of Garden Waste in China: A case of Shanghai
Authors: Shu Tianchu , Tong Lin , Guo Hanwen , Li Xu , Bai Binjie , Chen Yan , Nie Xiaoqin
Published: June 2021

In the present study, by complying with the panel data of China’s urban garden waste emissions from 2011 to 2019, a dynamic characteristic analysis and a temporal and spatial analysis are conducted on the existing status of garden waste emissions of our nation. In addition, an in-depth study is carried out on the spatial distribution characteristics of garden waste emissions. Moreover, the current situation of garden waste management in Shanghai is analysed, the lack of garden waste management in typical cities of China is explored, and a theoretical basis is laid for the government to formulate and roll out effective sustainable management of garden waste.
Simulation analysis of R134a/DMF absorption refrigeration system based on Aspen Plus
Authors: Wang Chunhua , Wang Qiang , Hui Xiaoyang , Zong Rong , Shan Baoqi
Published: June 2021

In order to explore the performance of R134a / DMF absorption refrigeration system, a model of R134a/DMF absorption refrigeration system was conducted based on Aspen Plus software. The cooling capacity of the system 150kW. The effects of reflux ratio, bottom temperature and refrigerant (R134a) concentration on the system were simulated and analyzed. The results showed that, the reasonable range of reflux ratio and scope of bleed is 0.5∼0.7. The system COP is the best when the mass fraction of R134a, the generating temperature and absorption temperature is respectively 56 %, 131°C and 28 °C.