bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local anesthetics and antibiotics display synergistic and antagonistic drug interactions against pathogens causing septic arthritis in horses
Authors: Adler Ditte M. T. , Nielsen Ane T. , Olsen Christine , Verwilghen Denis , Damborg Peter , Olsen Rikke H.
Published: February 2025

Objective

To investigate the in vitro efficacy of antibiotics (amikacin, ceftiofur, and gentamicin) in combination with local anesthetics (LAs; bupivacaine hydrochloride, lidocaine hydrochloride, and mepivacaine hydrochloride), a combination commonly performed for IA injectate and regional limb perfusion (RLP) in horses.

Methods

17 equine clinical isolates were tested by the checkerboard method for their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against a combination of concentrations of LAs and antibiotics from August 2020 through December 2023.

Results

For the majority of combinations, the antibiotic efficacy was not affected. However, in a subset of combinations (n = 70), the addition of LA to the antibiotic solution displayed a synergistic (n = 14) or antagonistic (n = 56) effect, indicating that LA increased or decreased antibiotic activity, respectively. Increased MICs seen in most antagonistic combinations appeared to be without clinical relevance as MICs remained below or above clinically achievable concentrations. In contrast, antagonism observed for aminoglycoside-LA combinations resulted in MICs higher than the concentration achievable by RLP. In some synergistic combinations, MICs decreased from markedly above to below or near clinically achievable concentrations against a specific antibiotic.

Conclusions

The addition of LAs to antibiotic solutions for IA injections does not compromise the in vitro antibiotic effect. Conversely, the addition for RLPs compromises the in vitro antibiotic effect at clinical concentrations.

Clinical Relevance

This in vitro study suggests that LAs can be added to IA antibiotic solutions without compromising antibiotic effects against common equine pathogens. For RLP, the combination of tested aminoglycosides (amikacin and gentamicin) and LAs is discouraged without taking into account MICs of antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
Lamellar cell death and proliferation are associated with restricted ambulation and preferential weight bearing in a model relevant to supporting-limb laminitis
Authors: Engiles Julie B. , Stefanovski Darko , van Eps Andrew
Published: February 2025

Objective

To examine the effects of prolonged preferential weight bearing (PWB) and reduced ambulation (RA) on hoof lamellae using a nonpainful in vivo experimental model.

Methods

12 healthy Standardbred horses were housed in stocks continuously for 92 hours. A platform shoe was placed on 1 forelimb in the PWB group (n = 6) to increase the load on the supporting limb (SL) by approximately 10% bodyweight, whereas the RA group (n = 6) had normal weight bearing. Archived healthy horse (n = 8) samples were used as controls. Histomorphometry and histochemistry (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling [TUNEL], caspase-3, and targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein [TPX-2]) results were analyzed using mixed-effects linear regression.

Results

Lesions in multiple limbs from the PWB and RA groups included secondary epidermal lamellae elongation, cell death (mostly TUNEL-positive, caspase-3–negative parabasal keratinocytes), and basal cell proliferation (TPX-2 positive). Lesions were most severe in the PWB group SL, with significant increases (vs control) in mean (95% CI) primary epidermal lamellar (PEL) length (3.7 [95% CI, 3.5 to 3.8] mm vs 3.2 [95% CI, 2.9 to 3.4] mm; P < .001), secondary epidermal lamellae length (281 [95% CI, 235 to 327] µm vs 185 [95% CI, 155 to 215] µm; P < .001), TUNEL count (45 [95% CI, 30 to 60] vs 4 [95% CI, 2 to 5] positive cells/PEL; P < .001), and TPX-2 count (116 [95% CI, 46 to 186] vs 5 [95% CI, 3 to 6] positive cells/PEL; P < .002). Both TUNEL- and TPX-2–positive cell counts were increased in the RA group forelimbs versus control (P < .05).

Conclusions

Restriction of normal ambulation, even in the absence of increased weight bearing, caused lamellar parabasal keratinocyte death and structural derangement of lamellae.

Clinical Relevance

Promoting ambulation, not just limb load relief, may be a critical strategy for preventing SL laminitis.
A 2-D Extension of the Trend Concept Applicable to Images, Surfaces and Space-Time Signals
Authors: Padet Jacques
Published: February 2025

The analysis of highly irregular processes is often based on the search for a trend, an average curve representing the general pattern of the phenomenon observed. This concept seems intuitive, but determining it objectively raises a number of problems. As the moving average method is one of the most widely used for finding one-dimensional trends, we propose here to extend it to two-dimensional data sets, and to study some of the properties of these 2-D moving averages. We then show that they can be used to detect characteristic observation windows (uniform or self-adaptive), leading to structural trends in the analyzed signal. The method is first applied to functions f(x,y) whose variables have the same physical dimension (length,…). It is then generalized to cases of different dimensions (e.g. space-time signals). Applications cover a wide range of fields (turbulent structures in fluid mechanics, image analysis, characterization of surfaces, optimization of an observation process, multi-scale modelling, ...).
The Quantitative Seismic Analysis of a Precast Reinforced Concrete Frame Hall and the Establishment of Retrofitting Solutions. Part I – The Dynamic Analysis of the Existing Structural System
Authors: Sococol Ion , Mihai Petru , Petrescu Tudor-Cristian , Babor Traian-Dănuţ
Published: February 2025

Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete (PRC) frame structures designed and executed in the pre-1989 period in Romania, occupy a leading spot in the list of industrial, commercial, social and cultural buildings. In this research study, a structure of this type is analyzed. In the introductory part of the study, the types of PRC frame systems specific to seismic zones and their component elements are highlighted. The second part shows the main structural deficiencies of the PRC frame structures required to severe earthquakes. In the following chapters, the dynamic analysis related to the studied structure is developed, as well as a verification of the lateral stiffness. Thus, it was found that the PRC structure develops lateral displacements higher than the admissible limit. In these conditions, some solutions are proposed for retrofitting the structural system using vertical steel braced frames, shear walls, steel-RC composite columns and steel beams on the bay direction.
Methods of Assessing the Thermal Performance of Curtain Wall Facades. Specific Energy Audit Problems
Authors: Pescaru Radu-Aurel , Dumitrescu Laura , Baran Irina , Bliuc Irina
Published: February 2025

To achieve a significant national reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the construction sector, the Romanian government has aligned national policies with European regulations on the energy efficiency of buildings. For that, when constructing new buildings or renovating existing ones, the criteria associated with the concept of nearly zero-energy building (nZEB) are respected. Achieving this objective involves knowing the tools for evaluating the energy performance of the building envelope, considering the important weight it plays in the total energy consumption for normal use. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the possibilities of designers and energy auditors for buildings to evaluate, with a satisfactory degree of accuracy, the energy performance (EP) of curtain wall facades using the calculation methods proposed in SR EN ISO 12631:2018. A study on the influence of some representative parameters on thermal transmittance, carried out on a generic curtain-type facade element, supports those involved in the process of optimizing the solutions for new buildings or the renovation of existing ones.
A Water Quality Model for the Czech Part of the River Elbe
Authors: Mrkva Luboš , Schöl Andreas , Janský Bohumír
Published: February 2025

Low water quality is an enduring problem in water management and has global importance due to the increasing use of water by the world’s growing population. Based on climate change trends, the availability of water of acceptable quality will increasingly be a hot topic. The main objective of this work was the compilation and validation of a water quality model for the river Elbe (Czech: Labe) for the prediction of water quality under different scenarios (impact of point and nonpoint sources; effect of climate change). The assessment of water quality in the Elbe catchment is extremely important because the Elbe is one of the most important rivers in Europe. We focused on the water quality in the Czech part of the river Elbe, which was simulated and analysed with the QSim water quality simulation model. The model was applied from the Srnojedy weir to the Hrensko at the Czech-German border (river km 961 to km 726), comprising a cascade of 23 impoundments. Based on the measured input parameters for 2010-2015, the water residence time, oxygen conditions, and nutrients were simulated and validated. The model’s results strongly agree with the measured data from the monitored period. The proposed model can, therefore, be used to simulate the development of pollution or climate change effects in this watercourse, allowing for the prediction of water quality under different scenarios.
Fluid Pressure Analysis and Process Stability in Sheet Hydroforming with Die For Steel Sheets
Authors: Jaber Adil Sh. , Mohammed Adnan I. , Younis Karem M.
Published: February 2025

To increase the process stability and improve the product quality in the sheet hydroforming with die process, it is crucial for identifying and analyzing the dependence of forming pressure on process parameters. The effects of process parameters (blank holder force, frictional condition) on the forming fluid pressure were thoroughly studied experimentally. The main objective is to establish a relationship between the forming fluid pressure and several factors such as blank holder force and friction between die and sheet. The results demonstrate that the maximum fluid pressure increases with increasing blank holder force and friction. Finally, this relationship aims to support calculations and design data and provide control during the SHF-D process.
Effect of Hybrid Composite Electrode (Cu/Cr/Wc/Ag) on Surface Integrity of Stainless Steel 304l Machined by EDM
Authors: Abdulwahhab Ahmed Basil , Ibrahim Abbas F.
Published: February 2025

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a modern technique extensively utilized across various industries to eliminate material using electrical discharges. Within the realm of EDM, a key obstacle involves identifying appropriate electrode materials capable of withstanding elevated temperatures and effectively eroding material from workpieces. Composite electrodes are becoming more commonly employed to tackle this issue, as a result of their exceptional electrical and thermal properties. The performance of a composite electrode that has been specifically improvement with (Cu-3%Cr-0.5%WC-1%Ag) is evaluated in this study using the stir casting technique. The investigation utilized stainless steel 304L as the workpiece material, and the performance of the composite electrode was evaluated against traditional pure copper electrodes. The results indicate that composite electrodes can decrease electrode wear and increase machining efficiency. The tool wear rate (TWR) for the composite electrode decreased to 0.0398 gm/min with a current of 10 A and a pulse-on time of 50 µs, along with a pulse-off time of 50 µs. In contrast, under the same conditions, the copper tool exhibited a TWR of 0.514 gm/min. The composite electrode achieved the highest material removal rate (MRR) at 59.7917 mm3/min, surpassing the copper electrode which had the lowest MRR at 54.5588 mm3/min. Additionally, the Surface Roughness (SR) of the composite electrode was measured at 3.253 μm, lower than the 3.967 μm of the pure copper electrode. These findings suggest that composite electrodes could serve as a viable substitute for conventional EDM electrodes.
Gonzales Bay Beach
Authors: Liscio Lynn
Published: February 2025

Plastic trees,
[...]
My Vacation
Authors: Meek Chanda
Published: February 2025

I mudpacked the backof a horny truckerin McReady hot springs.
[...]
The Influence of Physical Tuning Technology on Voice Over LTE (VoLTE)
Authors: Zurnawita Zurnawita , Chandra Dikky , Zulya Fajru ju
Published: February 2025

The Long-Term Evolution (LTE) technology is currently evolving in the cellular communication system. Currently, LTE technology is only used for faster internet data activities. Unfortunately, phone calls still rely on second-generation (2G) or third-generation (3G) networks. To improve the quality of voice calls, one of the ways is through the utilization of Voice Over LTE (VoLTE) technology. The reason for using VoLTE in fourth-generation (4G) networks includes the voice quality based on Internet Protocol (IP). This study analyzes the performance of VoLTE technology networks. Based on the data collected, the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) with a percentage of 37.73% falls into the Good category, Signal to Interference Noise Ratio (SINR) with a percentage of 55.32% falls into the Fair category, and Throughput with a percentage of 66.16% falls into the Poor category. In terms of delay, it has a score of 4, categorized as very good, jitter has a score of 3, categorized as good, and packet loss has a score of 4, categorized as very good. The optimization results using physical tuning show that the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) falls into the Good category with a percentage of 52.8%, Signal to Interference Noise Ratio (SINR) falls into the Good category with a percentage of 70%, and Throughput falls into the Very Good category with a percentage of 64.50%.
An In-depth Analysis of Rendered Models using Blender : A Research Result
Authors: Raheem Oluwafunmilayo , Omijeh Bourdillon , Ibeachu Chinagorom
Published: February 2025

The research investigated the efficiency of a novel virtual reality (VR) method for anatomy education utilizing a web application designed for virtual dissection. This platform encompasses various features, including virtual dissection, quizzes, a chat forum, and direct messaging, transforming it into a virtual dissection classroom. To evaluate the efficiency of the virtual reality system we compared the web application with other existing web applications using parameters such as Accuracy, Precision, Jaccard index, Dice co-efficient, Processing time, and user rating. From the result obtained from the research in comparing the rendered models from this research with models from other work, the rendered models were able to achieve a Jaccard index of 0.93 and a dice coefficient of 0.94. It also achieved a remarkable average processing time of 15 seconds and a high user rating of 4.5.
BIOTESTING OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM QUAIL LITTER
Authors:   Institute of Environmental Engineering, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Romanovskaya K.S.
Published: February 2025

The study investigated the effect of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by quail litter on various test organisms. Odors
from litter are a significant problem, and their content, changes in VOC composition in dynamics and impact on biota are not well-studied. In biotesting, parameters such as cell viability and physiological characteristics were evaluated. Biotesting conducted on typical
test objects revealed the hazard of VOCs to biota. The results are discussed in the context of VOC composition and public health safety.
INFLUENCE OF THE DNA BINDING PROTEIN SSO7D FROM S. SOLFATARICUS ON THE ACTIVITY OF BOVINE DNA-EXOTRANSFERASE AND ITS TRUNCATED VARIANTS
Authors:   Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Sachanka A.B. , Dolgaya S.S. , Shchur V.V. , Usanov S.A. , Yantsevich A.V.
Published: February 2025

The Sso7d protein is widely used to develop fusion DNA polymerases with enhanced properties. In this study, we investigate
the impact of the presence Sso7d in the reaction mix on the activity of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and its truncated
variants. The aim of this work to assess the expediency of developing an improved fusion enzyme by leveraging Sso7d and TdT
proteins.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE MICROFLUIDIC SYSTEM “CORNEA-ON-A-CHIP”
Authors:   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Bikkuzin T.I. ,   Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics, Ufa Centre RAS, Ufa, Yazgarova R.R. , Rakhmatullin Sh.R. , Galautdinov M.F. , Gizatullin R.F. , Kilmuhametov F.F.
Published: February 2025

3D model of the cornea in vitro: “Cornea-on-a-Chip”, simulating the cornea of the human eye and most accurately recreating
complex local biophysiological processes in the human body. Technologies used in the development process include microfluidics,
sterolithography and bioengineering. Such “Cornea-on-a-Chip” devices could be used for biomedical research and pharmacological
testing of drugs, potentially reducing the need to use animals in laboratory research and improving the quality of research.
Fā’ālīyātu āl-Wāsīlāh āt-Tā'līmīyyāh "Fīīdīyū āl-Mutāḥārrīkāh āl-Mu'tāmīdāh 'Alā Anīmāker" līī-Tārqīyātī Nātīījātī Tā'līmī ās-Shārf līī-Ṭhālībātī āl-Fāṣlī āth-Thsānī bīī-Mā'hādī Dārīssālām Gontor
Authors: Zaid Abdul Hafidz Bin , Najiyah Safira Aina , Nur Ifa Rodifah , Fatimatuzzahra Fadhilah , Qanita Nabila
Published: February 2025

Sharf is a crucial branch of Arabic grammar, essential for understanding the structure, forms, and changes of words in Arabic language. Therefore, mastering Sharf required accurate and comprehensive understanding. However, some 2nd grade students find Sharf to be a difficult subject which can negatively impact their learning outcomes. Hence, there is a need for effective learning media that can enhance students’ understanding of Sharf. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Animaker-based animated media in improving Sharf learning outcomes of 2nd-grade students at KMI in Gontor Putri 1. This research employs a quantitative method with an experimental approach, utilizing a True Experiment design in the form of a Post-Test Only Control Group. The research subjects were 42 students in the 2nd grade at KMI Gontor Putri 1. The data collection techniques used were interviews, tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique in this research involved descriptive analysis, prerequisite tests, and differences tests using the U-test (Mann-Whitney). The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS software. The findings indicate that Animaker media effectively improves learning outcomes in the Sharf subject. This is evidenced by a significance value (2-tailed sig) of 0.004 from the Mann-Whitney U-test, which is less than 0.05. Thus, the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. These, results confirm that Animaker animated media significantly enhances students’ understanding of Sharf. This study contributes to Arabic language studies by introducing an innovative and engaging learning medium that enhances students understanding of Sharf. This research contributes to Arabic language education by introducing an innovative and engaging learning medium tailored to modern educational needs. Future studies could expand the application of Animaker-based animated media to other branches of Arabic studies, evaluate its long-term impact on learning outcomes, and explore its effectiveness in diverse educational settings. Researchers might also investigate the integration of such media with other technological tools to create a more comprehensive learning experience.
Visual organ damage after COVID-19 in children
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Markova E.Y. , Navruzalieva D.Y. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nikitina A.E. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Belikova T.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gavrilova N.A. ,   Russian University of Medicine», Moscow, Russian Federation, Guseva N.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

Purpose. Description of ocular manifestations of COVID-19 complications.

Material and methods. In S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution 2 children with complaints of decreased vision in both eyes after suffering COVID-19 were examined. The patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including using high-tech methods: OCT of the optic nerve disc and macular area.

Results. The presence of changes in the optic nerve disc in the form of neuritis was revealed.

Conclusions. Optic neuritis is a serious disease that is widespread among the child population. This pathology is socially significant – without treatment, children become visually impaired. The development of methods for the effective and timely diagnosis and treatment of optic neuritis is the prevention of blindness and visual impairment in children.

Key words: optic neuritis, COVID-19, OCT of the optic nerve disc, OCT of macular area.
Diagnosis of choroideremia
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Fedearation, Ioileva E.E. , Klepinina O.B. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Fedearation, Zasypkina A.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Fedearation
Published: February 2025

Choroideremia is an X-linked hereditary chorioretinal degeneration caused by mutations in the CHM gene. The disease is characterized by a slow progressive course and manifests symptomatically in the first decade of life with the development of nyctalopia followed by deterioration of visual functions up to complete blindness. Objective. To present a clinical case of a patient with choroideremia, re-examined after a long period of time (35 years).

Material and methods. Patient A. has been observed with complaints of progressive deterioration of vision, loss in the visual field for 35 years. On examination, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) OD was 0.1 n/c; BCVA on OS =0.05. Intraocular pressure: OU – 16 mm Hg. A comprehensive diagnostic examination was performed, including standard and special diagnostic methods.

Results. According to optical coherence tomography with an enhanced depth imaging module (EDI-OCT), loss of the outer retinal layers, absence of the retinal pigment epithelium layer, atrophy and sclerosis of the choroid were observed in the macular zone. Fluorescein angiography images of the eye showed a central residual island of preserved pigment epithelium with serrated (scalloped) edges, according to laser speckle flowgraphy there was almost complete absence of relative blood flow velocity. As a result of using a multimodal approach to diagnostics, taking into account the patient’s complaints and anamnesis, the following diagnosis was made: OU Choroideremia. Dynamic observation is recommended. Conservative treatment courses.

Conclusions. Using a multimodal approach, morpho-functional signs of the clinical picture of the disease were comprehensively described, confirming the unfavorable nature of the course of choroideremia and the need for regular examination of patients.
Key words: choroideremia, hereditary diseases of the choroid, optical coherence tomography, laser speckle flowgraphy
Development’s history of laser technologies in the correction of ametropia: from ideas to technologies
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Malyshev I.S. ,   Federal Center for Ophthalmology and Eye Microsurgery «YourMed», Khimki, Russian Federation, Maychuk N.V. ,   Federal Center for Ophthalmology and Eye Microsurgery «YourMed», Khimki, Russian Federation,   Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Voronezh, Russian Federation, Tahchidi K.P. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tihov A.V. ,   A. Tikhov Laser Eye Microsurgery Clinic, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Sarhadov N.S. ,   Federal Center for Ophthalmology and Eye Microsurgery «YourMed», Khimki, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

he history of the development of laser technologies goes back about 100 years. It took researchers more than half a century to practically use laser systems in medicine. Despite the well-known fact about the creation of the first laser based on a solid-state radiation source – Meiman ruby, today, in order to perform sublamellar keratomileusis, the vast majority of refractive surgeons use gas excimer lasers to reshape the cornea. Modern installations of this type are high-tech devices, but have a number of disadvantages. In this regard, the search and improvement of alternative sources of UV radiation generation continues in parallel, these include solid-state laser systems. To track trends in the technological development of laser keratorefractive surgery, an analysis of the literature devoted to the history of the stages of development of modern ablative laser systems was carried out. A search and technical comparison of solid-state laser systems available for use in clinical practice was also carried out, identifying their advantages and disadvantages compared to excimer laser systems.

Key words: keratorefractive surgery, solid-state laser, excimer laser, history of development, laser vision correction, ablation, UV radiation
Experience in using optical coherence tomography for monitoring of the anterior segment structures following staged surgical treatment of combat-related eye injuries
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Tulin D.V. , Kuznetsov A.R. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Nevin N.N. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Dzilikhov A.A. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Bogdanova T.Y. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy
Published: February 2025

Relevance: Combat-related eye injuries often pose significant diagnostic challenges, particularly when corneal opacities hinder traditional assessment methods like biomicroscopy.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables high-resolution imaging of anterior segment structures, providing critical insights for accurate diagnosis and post-surgical monitoring in such cases.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of anterior segment OCT in monitoring structural changes in the anterior chamber following staged surgical interventions in patients with combat-related eye injuries.

Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 27 patients (27 eyes) who sustained combat-related eye injuries during military operations from May to July 2023.

All patients underwent vitrectomy, removal of intraocular foreign bodies, and tamponade with perfluorocarbon liquids (PFCL). Some patients also required cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Anterior segment conditions were assessed pre- and postoperatively using biomicroscopy and OCT, with quantitative image analysis performed using ImageJ software.

Results: OCT detected cellular inclusions in the anterior chamber in all cases (100%, p<0.001), whereas biomicroscopy identified these changes in only 33.3% of patients.

Additionally, OCT revealed fibrin strands in 3.7% of cases, which were undetectable via biomicroscopy due to corneal opacity. OCT allowed for dynamic monitoring of structural changes within the anterior segment, particularly in cases involving PFCL tamponade, which affected particle distribution and concentration.

Conclusion: Anterior segment OCT is a highly effective tool for the detailed visualization and dynamic monitoring of intraocular structures following combat-related eye injuries.

It surpasses traditional biomicroscopy, particularly in situations where corneal transparency is compromised, and should be considered essential for postoperative care in such patients.

Keywords: optical coherence tomography (OCT), combat eye injuries, inflammation, anterior chamber
The choroidea thickness as a marker of inflammation
Authors:   SRR “Oftacon Expert”, Astakhov S.Y. , Kuznetsova T.I. ,   SRR “Oftacon Expert”, Beletskaya I.S. ,   SRR “Oftacon Expert”, Chubarov A.I. ,   SRR “Oftacon Expert”
Published: February 2025

Purpose. Improvement of treatment approaches in acute HLA-B27-associated iridocyclites.

Materials and methods. During the period 2014-2024, 28 patients were examinated with acute HLA-B27-associated iridocyclitis or its exacerbation in the study, each of which was undergone to optical coherent tomography to assess the thickness of choroidea. Group 1 consisted of patients in remission, group 2 consisted of patients in exacerbation without involvement of the posterior pole, and group 3 consisted of patients in exacerbation with involvement of the posterior pole. Correlation analysis was then performed to determine significant changes in the thickness of choroidea during periods of exacerbation and remission in the same patients.

Results. In both groups of patients with posterior pole involvement and without, a statistically significant reduction in the choroidea thickness during the remission period was established. The choroidea thickness level was established, above which clinical involvement of the posterior pole structures should be expected.

Conclusion. Reduction of choroidea thickness in patients with acute HLA-B27-associated iridocyclites during anti-inflammatory therapy has been demonstrated. Further studies with a larger sample will confirm the usefulness of choroidea thickness measurement for this disease and standardize the measurement conditions of this indicator.

Keywords: HLA-B27, choroidea, thickness
Clinical cases of dacryoadenitis development after keratorefractive surgeries
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch,Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Vasilieva I.V. , Kalinina O.Y. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch,Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Udovichenko E.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch,Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

Three clinical cases of unilateral dacryoadenitis in the early stages after keratorefractive surgeries are presented. It should be noted that all patients had a respiratory viral infection in the early postoperative period or shortly before the surgery. In addition, all patients had such an anatomical feature as a deep orbit.

The difficulty of diagnosis was that none of the patients had localized pain in the projection of the lacrimal gland. Patients complained of lacrimation, discomfort, non-localized pain in the eye area. The diagnosis was made on the basis of computed tomography of the orbit.

Treatment consisted of local anti-inflammatory therapy; two patients also required single and double injections of prolonged corticosteroids into the lacrimal gland.

In all patients, the manifestations of dacryoadenitis were completely stopped and did not affect the refractive and functional result of the refractive surgery.

Keywords: dacryoadenitis, keratorefractive surgeries, anti-inflammatory therapy
Long-term results after corneal neurotization in patients with neurotrophic keratopathy of different severity
Authors:   Kaluga branch of S.N. Fedorov NMRC "MNTK "Eye Microsurgery", Gushchina M.B. ,   Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tereshchenko A.V. ,   Kaluga branch of S.N. Fedorov NMRC "MNTK "Eye Microsurgery", Afanasyeva D.S. ,   Treatment and diagnostics department of Eye Microsurgery Clinics “Okulist”, Erokhina E.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Demyanchenko S.K. ,   Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Neurotrophic keratopathy (NTK) is characterized by imbalance of neurotrophic factors and epithelial growth factors, that negatively influence on corneal epithelial renewal with ulceration. Recently, the different options of pathogenic treatment were introduced, including corneal neurotization.

The aim of this article is to present long-term results after corneal neurotization in patients with neurotrophic keratopathy of different severity.

Material and methods. A case series of direct corneal neurotization in patients with mild (n = 2), moderate (n = 6) and severe (n = 3) NTK, accompanied by paralytic lagophthalmos. To access the postoperative results we measured visual acuity intraocular pressure, perform biomycroscpopy with and without fluorescein staining, optic cogherence tomography of anterior segment and esthesiometry, Shirmer I test. Follow-up period was 26,88 ± 9,05 months.

Results. In all patients, corneal neurotization improved corneal sensitivity due to ingrowth of nerves, promoted corneal healing and permanent remission of NTK. In patients with mild NTK the surgery also improved corneal transparence and increased visual acuity. In patients with moderate NTK, we observed decrease of leukoma density and size, that something increased visual acuity. In patients with severe NTK, the surgery treated long-term corneal fistulas. Nonetheless, anterior synechia due to previous corneal perforation caused increase of intraocular pressure with secondary glaucoma and worsening of vision post-op.

Conclusion. Direct neurotization can increase corneal sensitivity and enhance corneal healing in NTK of any severity. Although, increase of visual acuity can be achieved only in patients with mild and moderate degree of keratopathy with no significant changes in anterior eye chamber due to previous corneal perforation.

Keywords: trigeminal nerve, corneal fistula, Neurotrophic keratitis, direct neurotization
Cortexin in complex therapy of chronic optic neuropathy with dyscirculative encephalopathy of the brain
Authors:   Central Hospital of Samarkand Municipal Medical Association, Zainiddinova G.U.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the effect of the drug Cortexin in the complex therapy of patients with chronic optic neuropathy with discirculatory encephalopathy on visual functions.

Keywords: discirculatory encephalopathy, chronic cerebral ischemia, chronic optic neuropathy, visual evoked potentials, computer perimetry, cortexin
Difficulties in diagnosing post-traumatic endophthalmitis combined with hemorrhage: a clinical case and treatment results
Authors:   10th City Clinical Hospital, Minsk, Kzlovskaya M.V. , Imshenetskaya T.A. ,   Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel, Belarusian State Medical University, Yarmak O.A. ,   Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel, Belarusian State Medical University, Svirid M.A. ,   10th City Clinical Hospital, Minsk, Goloburda N.S. ,   10th City Clinical Hospital, Minsk
Published: February 2025

The article presents a clinical case of post-traumatic endophthalmitis that developed in a patient after a severe eye injury. A distinctive feature of this case is that the endophthalmitis was masked by the clinical manifestations of vitreous hemorrhage, significantly complicating both diagnosis and treatment. Special attention is given to the need for microbiological examination of vitreous body samples to identify flora and determine antibiotic sensitivity.

This allows for more accurate pathogen detection and selection of effective treatment.

Considering the rarity and diagnostic complexity of this condition, the described clinical case is of particular interest to ophthalmologists and highlights the need for optimizing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to post-traumatic endophthalmitis, which presents under the guise of vitreous hemorrhage.

Keywords: endophthalmitis, vitreous hemorrhage, vitrectomy, microbiological examination, Staphylococcus aureus, antibacterial therapy
Updating autosclerokeratoplasty as a promising method of surgical treatment of corneal pathologies
Authors:   Kirov clinical ophthalmologic hospital, Russia, 610011, Kirov, Oktyabrsky Ave, Popova L.I.
Published: February 2025

pdating autosclerokeratoplasty as a promising method of surgical treatment of corneal pathologies Kirov clinical ophthalmologic hospital, Russia, 610011, Kirov, Oktyabrsky Ave, 10a Summary. The work gives the comparative analysis of the published data on the frequency of occurrence and clinical forms of ocular sarcoidosis, as well as the results of our research over a long period, especially from 2020 to 2024. Purpose. To study clinical polymorphism of eye sarcoidosis using the experience of observation of patients in the Kirov region from 2020 to 2024 and compare it to the published information from last years.

Material and methods. 180 patients having systemic manifestations of sarcoidosis were examined from 2020 to 2024, 15% of them had ophthalmic sarcoidosis. Results. A great material demonstrates the increase in prevalence and clinical variability of the course of ophthalmic sarcoidosis in the postcovid period.

Conclusion. It has been suggested that the reason for polymorphism, activity and severity of the eye sarcoidosis are directly related to the individual immune status, genetic predisposition for HLA-alleys, ethnic and race origin, age and sex of patients.

Key words: sarcoidosis, ocular sarcoidosis, ophthalmic sarcoidosis, clinical polymorphism, syndromogenesis, incidence frequency, uveitis, immune status, diagnostics
Synergistic antibacterial effect of streptomycin-loaded starch nanocrystals with antibiotics Ciprofloxacin and Polymyxin B
Authors: Neethu H. , Swapna T.S. , Ananthakrishnan J.N.
Published: February 2025

Multi-drug resistance among various bacteria is a major challenge in the medical field. In the present study, we used streptomycin-loaded starch nanocrystals (SSNCs) to assess its synergistic antibacterial effect with two antibiotics, ciprofloxacin and polymyxin B to combat drug-resistant bacteria. The streptomycin-loaded starch nanocrystals were structurally characterized using FTIR and SEM to confirm their improved properties. FTIR analysis revealed the possible interaction between streptomycin and starch nanocrystals by measuring its absorbance, thereby confirming that the streptomycin could effectively load onto starch nanocrystals. The SEM images of the modified starch nanocrystals revealed the aggregated topography of streptomycin-loaded starch nanocrystals.

Additionally, SSNCs could prolong the sustained release of streptomycin for more than one week. The synergistic antimicrobial activity due to the combination of SSNCs with two antibiotics, polymyxin and ciprofloxacin, emphasized the role of starch nanocrystals as a nanocarrier for different antibiotics and this combination approach will enable the reduction of their effective doses. Therefore, the present study on using a combination of SSNCs and antibiotics suggests its potential use as a strategy to combat different pathogens.
Statistical optimization of alkaline-protease production from Nesterenkonia sp. K-15-9-6 isolated from the Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India
Authors: Arya Prashant S. , Raval Shivani V. , Rajput Kiransinh N. , Panchal Rakesh R. , Raval Vikram H.
Published: February 2025

Alkaline proteases are by and large recognized as best-in-class industrially important enzymes. This study explored the one variable at a time (OVAT), Plackett–Burman (PB) and Response surface methodology (RSM)-central composite design (CCD) techniques for optimization of the protease biosynthesis. The bacterium was previously isolated from saline soil samples near the Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India and identified as Nesterenkonia sp. K-15-9-6. The independent process parameters (temperature, pH, incubation time, inoculum volume, NaCl concentration, carbon and nitrogen sources) for protease biosynthesis were optimized via OVAT to maximize the yields.

While statistically the protease biosynthesis was optimized using PB and RSM. The maximum protease production (253.45 U/ml) was obtained at temperature 37 °C, pH 10.0, incubation time 48 h, gelatin 2% w/v, NaCl 2.5% w/v, peptone 1% w/v and inoculum volume 3% v/v. Alkaline protease production showed a significant improvement (2.11-fold) in yield, using statistical tools.
Biofabricated Copper/Gelatin Nanocomposite from Pithecellobium dulce Leaves: Effective Catalyst for Dye Degradation
Authors: Vijaya Bharathi S. , . Lavanya
Published: February 2025

Pithecellobium dulce is a plant of many uses which has a versatile role in the traditional system of medicine. In the present study, antimicrobial activity and photocatalytic activity of copper nanocomposite were checked. Copper nanoparticle was synthesized using aqueous extract of Pithecellobium dulce and the gelatin hydrogel was prepared. The structure of gelatin hydrogel and synthesized copper nanoparticle was characterized by Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity of copper nanoparticle was checked by well diffusion method. The prepared gelatin hydrogel copper nanocomposite was checked for its effect against dye degradation. Synthesised copper nanoparticle was found more effective against B. subtilis than towards E. coli and K. pneumonia.

Photocatalytic dye degradation of Cu/hydrogel composite was 25% and 95% against congo red and methylene blue dye respectively. Copper gelatin nanocomposite showed better photocatalytic decolourization of methylene blue dye and followed pseudo first order kinetics. The results of this study will be helpful in understanding the mechanism of dye degradation through composite materials and will help in the development of an efficient technique for degradation and decolourization of dye existing in industrial wastewater.
Kristalliner Komplex von Kaliumrhodanid mit Valinomycin, einem Antibiotikum hoher Kaliumionenselektivität. EMK-Messungen an künstlichen Membranen
Authors: Pioda Lavinia A. R. , Wipf H.-K. , Simon W.
Published: February 2025

EMF measurements on liquid membranes show a highly selective interaction of the antibiotic valinomycin with K+ compared with Na+. A crystalline 1: 1 complex of valinomycin with potassium thiocyanate has been prepared.
Особенности биологии развития ландыша майского (Convallaria majalis L.) в культуре: сравнительный анализ растений из природной популяции и сорта Берлинский
Authors: ХОЦИАЛОВА Л.И. , ЕВТЮХОВА А.В. , ВОЛКОВА О.Д.
Published: February 2025

Рассматриваются особенности роста и развития ландыша майского (Convallaria majalis L.) сорта Берлинский и популяции, взятой из природных местообитаний (Московской области окрестности города Домодедово, молодой осинник). В ходе исследований было выявлено, что ландыш сорта Берлинский обладает наибольшей энергией прорастания, чем растения из природной популяции. Фенологические наблюдения показали, что между сортовыми и дикорастущими растениями в первый год нет особых различий, только вегетационный период подмосковной популяции началась раньше на 3 дня и составила 142 дня, а у сортового всего 139. Однако у сортового ландыша было отмечено большее количество цветущих особей. Процент побегов, образовавших соцветие, с возрастом увеличивался, только двулетние растения (при вегетационном размножении) совсем не цветут. Изученные биометрические показатели были несколько выше у растений из природной популяции из Подмосковья, по сравнению с ландышем сорта Берлинский.

The article discusses the features of the growth and development of May lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis L.) of the Berlin variety and a population taken from natural habitats (Moscow region, the vicinity of the city of Domodedovo, young aspen). In the course of research, it was revealed that the and Berlin lily of the valley has the highest germination energy than the natural population. Phenological observations showed that between the varietal and wild populations in the first year there are no special differences, only the vegetation period of the Moscow Region population began earlier by 3 days and amounted to 142 days, and in the varietal only 139. However, varietal lily of the valley showed a greater number of flowering individuals. The percentage of shoots that formed an inflorescence increased with age, only biennial plants (during vegetative propagation) did not bloom at all. The studied biometric indicators were slightly higher for plants of the natural population from the Moscow region, compared with the lily of the valley Berlin (in the phenophase flowering).
МНОГОТОННАЖНЫЕ ОТХОДЫ ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ: АНАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА И СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РЕШЕНИЙ
Authors: ШУБОВ  Л.Я. , ИВАНКОВ  С.И. , ДОРОНКИНА  И.Г. , СКОБЕЛЕВ  К.Д. , ЗАГОРСКАЯ  Д.А.
Published: February 2025

Представлены результаты аналитической оценки проблемы отходов в химической промышленности. Рассмотрены химический состав и поведение в технологических процессах пиритных огарков и фосфогипса как техногенного сырья. Отмечены направления утилизации отходов химической промышленности. Отмечено, что хранение отходов в отвалах приводит к загрязнению окружающей среды. Рассмотрены технологические аспекты проблем переработки отходов, извлечение из техногенного сырья металлов, преимущества их применения в стройиндустрии (в качестве минеральных добавок в бетонные смеси).

The study presents the results of analytic research of the problem of the chemical industrial wastes. The chemical composition and behavior in technological processes of phosphogypsum and the product of pyrite roasting as a tethnogenic raw material are considered. The directions of used chemical industrial wastes is shown. It is noticed that storage of waste in the dumps of waste leads to environmental pollution. The technological aspects of waste treatment, extraction metals from waste and the advantages its use in construction (as a mineral concrete admixture) are considered.
ЭФФЕКТИВНАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ СОВМЕСТНОЙ УТИЛИЗАЦИИ ОТХОДОВ ЛАТУНИ И ОТРАБОТАННЫХ ТРАВИЛЬНЫХ РАСТВОРОВ
Authors: ФЕДОСОВА А А. , АХЛЮСТИН А С.
Published: February 2025

Рассмотрена проблема утилизации гальванических отходов промышленных производств. На примере среднестатистического предприятия проведен анализ существующих способов утилизации отработанных травильных растворов и отходов латуни. Выявлена и обоснована необходимость использования принципиально новых производственных технологий, не требующих больших затрат и создания дополнительных производств. На основе проведенного исследования авторами предлагается способ утилизации отходов латуни совместно с отработанными травильными растворами, основанный на фундаментальных химических реакциях, формулируются основные этапы его использования. Особое внимание обращается на достоинства разработанной технологии, приводятся реальные расчеты экологической и экономической эффективности. Авторы показывают как можно решить поставленную проблему, удовлетворив интересы предприятий и страны в целом. В качестве ключевого доказательства эффективности данной технологии используется пример ее внедрения.

In this article the problem of utilization of galvanic wastes of industrial production is considered. On the example of the average enterprise the analysis of existing methods of utilization of the fulfilled etching solutions and waste of brass is carried out. Identified and justified the need to use fundamentally new production technologies that do not require high costs and the creation of additional production. On the basis of the study the author proposes a method of recycling brass waste together with spent etching solutions, based on fundamental chemical reactions, the main stages of its use are formulated. Particular attention is drawn to the advantages of the developed technology, real calculations of environmental and economic efficiency. The author shows how to solve the problem, satisfying the interests of enterprises and the country as a whole. As a key proof of the effectiveness of this technology, an example of its implementation is used.