bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resolving the Problem of the Expression “Faith as Small as a Mustard Seed” in Matthew 17:20
Authors: Quaye Ebenezer
Published: November 2024

After the advent of democracy, the South African Department of Correctional Services implemented offender rehabilitation programmes as a means towards the humanistic approach to imprisonment, as opposed to the punishment approach. These programmes, even though not ostensible at first, were designed as the means for catalysing positive social behaviour, and for equipping offenders with the necessary skills to function in the work of skilled trade. The paper sought to explore, amongst the plethora of offender rehabilitation programmes, the role of mathematics and science education post-offender incarceration. From the pragmatic epistemological stance, qualitative and quantitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews and structured questionnaires, from four conveniently sampled ex-offenders. Framed within the QUANT-QUAL explanatory sequential mixed methods research design, and analysed thematically, through the lens of Vroom’s (1964) Expectancy Motivation Theory, the findings revealed that mathematics and science offender education does not significantly correlate with offenders’ ex-offenders’ employment prospects. The study also revealed an insignificant correlation between mathematics and science education and reduced recidivism. The researchers recommend the intervention from the South African legal; framework, to reduce ex-offenders’ criminal record duration so that their employment prospects will be broadened. The study presented in this intellectual piece will contribute to scholarship by situating mathematics and science learning within the ubiquitous offender rehabilitation cycle. The study will further aid in disseminating the unique role of offender mathematics and science education, particularly for scholars and policymakers whose focus is on offender rehabilitation in the democratic dispensation.

Keywords: Mathematics and Science Education, Ex-offenders, Correctional Centres, Offender Rehabilitation Process
Proselytization to Polarization: The Danger(s) of (Christian) Religious Education in South Africa
Authors: Thinane Jonas Sello , Twala Chitja
Published: November 2024

In most African nations, including South Africa, the history of religious education is closely linked to the nation’s experience of colonization and later racial segregation under apartheid. Christian religious education in particular came to be used as a proselytizing tool through the advocacy of early Christian missionaries. In addition to such proselytization, early Christian missionaries became very instrumental in the creation and perpetuation of secular polarized higher education curricula which continue to exhibit complete submission to Euro-centric thought. The purpose of this article was thus to draw a link between historical proselytization and contemporary religious polarization visible in the religious curricula of these institutions. Methodologically, this was demonstrated, first by looking at how the spread of Christianity suppressed, marginalized, and undermined native African religious education. Second, the history of Christian religious education was presented not only as an enrichment of the Christian proselytizing program but also as a missionary tool that consolidated the polarized education that continues to shape the curriculum design of higher education systems in the countries of southern Africa. Drawing largely from secondary sources, both in history and in religious studies, the article argued that in South Africa, religious education has been used to serve the colonial and oppressive apartheid systems. The main conclusion of this article is that many curricula in South Africa’s higher education systems still reflect or are characterized by a polarized type of Euro-centric education, which is a legacy of earlier Christian proselytization initiatives.

Keywords: Religious Education, Colonization, European Missionaries, Christianity, Proselytization
Playful Stone Age
Authors: Sorce Veronica
Published: November 2024

Prehistory has always been of great fascination to children. As funny and amusing as educational media might be, it often carries contemporary stereotypes and biases since the deep past provides ‘forms of critical imagination’ that are products of present capitalist culture (
Pitcher 2022
:18). Once absorbed, these stereotypes are difficult to change or correct. Communicating the past to younger generations is both challenging and crucial for historians and archaeologists. This study focuses on how the Stone Age is conveyed to primary school children (6–12 years old), with a focus on Palaeolithic and Mesolithic hunter-gatherer societies. It explores English and Italian materials, examining differences and similarities between these cultures and languages. More specifically, the paper includes children’s books from Italy, the United Kingdom and Ireland (2013–2023) as well as educational resources from museums, schools and universities of these countries.

Quantitative and qualitative analyses were undertaken of visual and textual media. The research is framed within a feminist theoretical framework, exploring depictions of gender roles in the analysed material. Even if the Stone Age is such a distant period, the way it is portrayed to children is of great importance, and a better dissemination of it means that a better understanding of the present could play a role in creating a better world (
Henson 2016a
:2).

Similarities between Italian and English sources were identified in the depiction of male dominance, occasional female empowerment, hunting prominence and climate change. However, Italian sources tended to emphasise stereotypical depictions of gendered division of labour. In contrast, English sources included post-humanist theories and presented prehistoric times as a survival challenge. Overall, the discussion has highlighted the interdependence of archaeological interpretations and contemporary issues.
Markarian Multiwavelength Data Center (MMDC): A Tool for Retrieving and Modeling Multitemporal, Multiwavelength, and Multimessenger Data from Blazar Observations
Authors: Sahakyan N. , Vardanyan V. , Giommi P. , Bégué D. , Israyelyan D. , Harutyunyan G. , Manvelyan M. , Khachatryan M. , Dereli-Bégué H. , Gasparyan S.
Published: November 2024

The Markarian Multiwavelength Data Center (MMDC) is a web-based tool designed for accessing and retrieving multiwavelength and multimessenger data from blazar observations. MMDC facilitates the construction and interactive visualization of time-resolved multiband spectral energy distributions of blazars by integrating (i) archival data from over 80 catalogs and databases, (ii) optical data from all-sky survey facilities such as the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, Zwicky Transient Facility, and Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System, and (iii) newly analyzed data sets in the optical/UV band from Swift-UVOT, in the X-ray band from Swift-X-Ray Telescope and NuSTAR observations, and the high-energy γ-ray band from Fermi-Large Area Telescope observations. MMDC distinguishes itself from other online platforms by the large quantity of available data. For instance, it includes data from all blazar observations by Swift and NuSTAR, as well as the results of detailed spectral analysis in the γ-ray band during different emission states, covering the period from 2008 to 2023. Another important distinguishing feature of MMDC is its ability to enable precise, self-consistent theoretical modeling of the observed data using machine learning algorithms trained on leptonic and lepto-hadronic models, which consider the injection of particles and all relevant cooling processes. MMDC is an innovative tool that significantly enhances blazar research by providing a comprehensive framework for data accessibility, analysis, and theoretical interpretation, thereby advancing our understanding of blazar emissions and the underlying astrophysical processes.
Clouds in Partial Atmospheres of Lava Planets and Where to Find Them
Authors: Nguyen T. Giang , Cowan Nicolas B. , Dang Lisa
Published: November 2024

With dayside temperatures hot enough to sustain a magma ocean and a silicate atmosphere, lava planets are the best targets for studying the atmosphere of a rocky world. In the absence of nightside heating, the entire atmosphere collapses near the day–night terminator, so condensation seems inevitable, but the impact of clouds on radiative transfer, dynamics, and observables has not yet been studied in the nonglobal atmospheric regime. Therefore, we simulate cloud formation and determine which lava planets should be most affected by clouds. We find that despite the scattering of visible light by clouds, heat advection compensates for the cooling effect of clouds in the atmosphere. On the other hand, surface temperatures are significantly affected and can drop by 100–200 K under a cloudy sky. We find that among our targets, HD213885b and HD20329b are most affected by cloud formation: there is a discernible difference between having clouds and not having them, but the precision required to make such an inference is at the limit of current instruments.
Analyzing the Onset of Cometary Activity by the Jupiter-family Comet 2023 RN3
Authors: Dobson Matthew M. , Schwamb Megan E. , Fitzsimmons Alan , Kelley Michael S. P. , Holt Carrie E. , Murtagh Joseph , Hsieh Henry H. , Denneau Larry , Erasmus Nicolas , Heinze A. N. , Shingles Luke J. , Siverd Robert J. , Smith Ken W. , Tonry John L. , Weiland Henry , Young David. R. , Lister Tim , Gomez Edward , Chatelain Joey , Greenstreet Sarah
Published: November 2024

We utilize serendipitous observations from the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) and the Zwicky Transient Facility in addition to targeted follow-up observations from the Las Cumbres Observatory (LCO) and Liverpool Telescope to analyze the first observed instance of cometary activity by the newly discovered Jupiter-family comet C/2023 RN3 (ATLAS), whose orbital dynamics place it close to residing on a Centaur-like orbit. Across our 7 month baseline, we observe an epoch of cometary activity commencing in 2023 August with an increase in brightness of >5.4 mag. The lightcurve of 2023 RN3 indicates the presence of continuous cometary activity across our observations, suggesting the onset of a new period of sustained activity. We find no evidence of any outbursts on top of the observed brightening nor do we find any significant color evolution across our observations. 2023 RN3 is visibly extended in LCO and Liverpool Telescope observations, indicating the presence of a spatially extended coma. Numerical integration of 2023 RN3's orbit reveals the comet to have recently undergone a slight increase in semimajor axis due to a planetary encounter with Jupiter; however, whether this orbital change could trigger 2023 RN3's cometary activity is unclear. Our estimate for the maximum dust production metric of Af
ρ ∼ 400 cm is consistent with previous measurements for the Jupiter-family comet and Centaur populations.
The Evolution of Binaries Embedded Within Common Envelopes
Authors: Rosselli-Calderon Alejandra , Yarza Ricardo , Murguia-Berthier Ariadna , Rohoza Valeriia , Everson Rosa Wallace , Antoni Andrea , MacLeod Morgan , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico
Published: November 2024

Triple stellar systems allow us to study stellar processes that cannot be attained in binary stars. The evolutionary phases in which the stellar members undergo mass exchanges can alter the hierarchical layout of these systems. Yet, the lack of a self-consistent treatment of common-envelope (CE) in triple-star systems hinders the comprehensive understanding of their long-term fate. This paper examines the conditions predicted around binaries embedded within CEs using local 3D hydrodynamical simulations. We explore varying the initial binary separation, the flow Mach number, and the background stellar density gradients as informed by a wide array of CE conditions, including those invoked to explain the formation of the triple system hosting PSR J0337+1715. We find that the stellar density gradient governs the gaseous drag force, which determines the final configuration of the embedded binary. We observe a comparable net drag force on the center of mass but an overall reduction in the accretion rate of the binary compared to the single-object case. We find that, for most CE conditions, and in contrast to the uniform background density case, the binary orbital separation increases with time, softening the binary and preventing it from subsequently merging. We conclude that binaries spiraling within CEs become more vulnerable to disruption by tidal interactions. This can have profound implications on the final outcomes of triple-star systems.
The Star Formation History of Nearby Galaxies: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Yang Yujiao , Liu Chao , Yang Ming , Zheng Yun , Tian Hao
Published: November 2024

Reproducing color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of star-resolved galaxies is one of the most precise methods for measuring the star formation history (SFH) of nearby galaxies back to the earliest time. The upcoming big data era poses challenges to the traditional numerical technique in its capacity to deal with vast amounts of data, which motivates us to explore the feasibility of employing machine learning networks in this field. In this study, we refine the synthetic CMD method with a state-of-the-art theoretical stellar evolution model to simulate the properties of stellar populations, incorporate the convolutional neural network in the fitting process to enhance the efficiency, and innovate the initial stellar mass estimation to improve the flexibility. The fine-tuned deep learning network, named SFHNet, has been tested with synthetic data and further validated with photometric data collected from the Hubble Space Telescope. The derived SFHs are largely in accordance with those reported in the literature. Furthermore, the network provides detailed insights into the distribution of stellar density, initial stellar mass, and star formation rate over the age–metallicity map. The application of the deep learning network not only measures the SFH accurately but also enhances the synthetic CMD method’s efficiency and flexibility, thereby facilitating a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of nearby galaxies.
GR-RMHD Simulations of Super-Eddington Accretion Flows onto a Neutron Star with Dipole and Quadrupole Magnetic Fields
Authors: Inoue Akihiro , Ohsuga Ken , Takahashi Hiroyuki R. , Asahina Yuta , Middleton Matthew J.
Published: November 2024

Although ultraluminous X-ray pulsars (ULXPs) are believed to be powered by super-Eddington accretion onto a magnetized neutron star (NS), the detailed structures of the inflow–outflow and magnetic fields are still not well understood. We perform general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics (GR-RMHD) simulations of super-Eddington accretion flows onto a magnetized NS with dipole and/or quadrupole magnetic fields. Our results show that an accretion disk and optically thick outflows form outside the magnetospheric radius, while inflows aligned with magnetic field lines appear inside. When the dipole field is more prominent than the quadrupole field at the magnetospheric radius, accretion columns form near the magnetic poles, whereas a quadrupole magnetic field stronger than the dipole field results in the formation of a belt-like accretion flow near the equatorial plane. The NS spins up as the angular momentum of the accreting gas is converted into the angular momentum of the electromagnetic field, which then flows into the NS. Even if an accretion column forms near one of the magnetic poles, the observed luminosity is almost the same on both the side with the accretion column and the side without it, because the radiation energy is transported to both sides through scattering. Our model suggests that galactic ULXP Swift J0243.6+6124 has a quadrupole magnetic field of 2 × 1013 G and a dipole magnetic field of less than 4 × 1012 G.
Monte Carlo Calculation of Electron Energy Degradation in a Pure O2 Atmosphere
Authors: Ni Yangxin , Gu Hao , Cui Jun , Huang Xu , Li Wenlong
Published: November 2024

Electron degradation serves as a significant energy source in planetary upper atmospheres. In this study, a Monte Carlo model is constructed to investigate the degradation of electrons in a pure O2 atmosphere under the local approximation. Both elastic and inelastic collision processes between electrons and O2 molecules are considered in the model. The yield spectra, characterizing the occurrence of various inelastic collisions for a specified pair of incident and post-collision energies, are obtained from the model. When combined with the information of e-O2 collision cross sections, the yields of each inelastic process are then determined. Furthermore, we derive the mean energy per ion pair and the efficiencies of various inelastic processes, along with the yields of secondary (and higher-order) electrons. The calculations presented here are beneficial for understanding the ionization and heating budgets in planetary atmospheres containing a significant amount of O2 such as Earth and Jovian icy satellites (Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto).
Tracking an Eruptive Prominence Using Multiwavelength and Multiview Observations on 2023 March 7
Authors: Zhang Qingmin , Ou Yudi , Huang Zhenghua , Song Yongliang , Ma Suli
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we carry out multiwavelength and multiview observations of the prominence eruption, which generated a C2.3 class flare and a coronal mass ejection (CME) on 2023 March 7. For the first time, we apply the revised cone model to three-dimensional reconstruction and tracking of the eruptive prominence for ∼4 hr. The prominence propagates nonradially and makes a detour around the large-scale coronal loops in active region NOAA 13243. The northward deflection angle increases from ∼36° to ∼47° before returning to ∼36° and keeping up. There is no longitudinal deflection throughout the propagation. The angular width of the cone increases from ∼30° and reaches a plateau at ∼37°. The heliocentric distance of the prominence rises from ∼1.1 to ∼10.0 R
☉, and the prominence experiences continuous acceleration (∼51 m s−2) over 2 hr, which is probably related to the magnetic reconnection during the C-class flare. The true speed of the CME front is estimated to be ∼829 km s−1, which is ∼1.2 times larger than that of the CME core (prominence). We conclude that both acceleration and deflection of eruptive prominences in their early lives could be reproduced with the revised cone model.
The X-Ray Luminous Type Ibn SN 2022ablq: Estimates of Preexplosion Mass Loss and Constraints on Precursor Emission
Authors: Pellegrino C. , Modjaz M. , Takei Y. , Tsuna D. , Newsome M. , Pritchard T. , Baer-Way R. , Bostroem K. A. , Chandra P. , Charalampopoulos P. , Dong Y. , Farah J. , Howell D. A. , McCully C. , Mohamed S. , Padilla Gonzalez E. , Terreran G.
Published: November 2024

Type Ibn supernovae (SNe Ibn) are rare stellar explosions powered primarily by interaction between the SN ejecta and H-poor, He-rich material lost by their progenitor stars. Multiwavelength observations, particularly in the X-rays, of SNe Ibn constrain their poorly understood progenitor channels and mass-loss mechanisms. Here we present Swift X-ray, ultraviolet, and ground-based optical observations of the Type Ibn SN 2022ablq, only the second SN Ibn with X-ray detections to date. While similar to the prototypical Type Ibn SN 2006jc in the optical, SN 2022ablq is roughly an order of magnitude more luminous in the X-rays, reaching unabsorbed luminosities L
X ∼ 4 × 1040 erg s−1 between 0.2–10 keV. From these X-ray observations we infer time-varying mass-loss rates between 0.05 and 0.5 M
⊙ yr−1 peaking 0.5–2 yr before explosion. This complex mass-loss history and circumstellar environment disfavor steady-state winds as the primary progenitor mass-loss mechanism. We also search for precursor emission from alternative mass-loss mechanisms, such as eruptive outbursts, in forced photometry during the 2 yr before explosion. We find no statistically significant detections brighter than M ≈ −14—too shallow to rule out precursor events similar to those observed for other SNe Ibn. Finally, numerical models of the explosion of an ∼15 M
⊙ helium star that undergoes an eruptive outburst ≈1.8 yr before explosion are consistent with the observed bolometric light curve. We conclude that our observations disfavor a Wolf–Rayet star progenitor losing He-rich material via stellar winds and instead favor lower-mass progenitor models, including Roche-lobe overflow in helium stars with compact binary companions or stars that undergo eruptive outbursts during late-stage nucleosynthesis stages.
A new species of Pristimantis (Amphibia, Anura, Strabomantidae) from a montane forest of the Pui Pui Protected Forest in central Peru
Authors: Lehr Edgar , Moravec Jiří , Wang Yingtong , Uvizl Marek
Published: November 2024

Herpetological inventories conducted in the Pui Pui Protected Forest in the central Peruvian Andes between 2012 and 2014 revealed unusually high local anuran richness and endemism. Herein, we describe a new species of Pristimantis discovered in the buffer zone of the protected area between 1550 and 1730 m a.s.l. The description is based on one subadult male (snout–vent length 14.4 mm), one adult female (snout–vent length 26.4 mm), and six juvenile specimens collected in the montane forest between 1550 and 1730 m a.s.l. DNA barcoding placed P. vrazisp. nov. as the sister taxon to P. rhabdocnemus and in the clade also containing P. lindae, P. sinschi, P. quaquaversus, and one still unnamed Pristimantis species. Pristimantis vrazisp. nov. differs from all these closely related species by the combination of the following characters: tuberculate dorsum, presence of the tympanum, presence of dentigerous processes on the vomer, absence of vocal slits, a red median horizontal streak across the iris, a narrow black median vertical streak on the lower half of the eye, cream to dark brown dorsal ground coloration, and cream to gray ventral ground coloration.
La désobéissance clinique
Authors: Lallemand Damien
Published: November 2024

Les portes semblent se refermer sur bon nombre d’espaces cliniques. C’est une oppression insidieuse, car elle infiltre notre propre quotidienneté, inonde nos schémas de penser, nos formes d’existence. D’aucuns l’ont nommée une « dictature du On ». Dès lors, comment résister à cette chasse des mouvements d’émancipation, sans s’isoler dans le passage à l’acte ? Il semblerait qu’une voie intermédiaire se dessine, celle d’une désobéissance clinique.
La crise d’attractivité du secteur social et médico-social : faire sa place quand on est travailleur précaire
Authors: Jamgotchian Serge
Published: November 2024

La crise d’attractivité que traversent les établissements et services sociaux et médico-sociaux à but non lucratif est désormais au centre des préoccupations des protagonistes de la branche professionnelle. Les difficultés de recrutement et de fidélisation se traduisent notamment par un accroissement des missions d’intérim. Les travailleurs sociaux qui, temporairement ou durablement, privilégient ce type de contrats témoignent à leur façon des mutations du rapport au travail et à l’emploi. Dans ce contexte, comment ces professionnels non permanents peuvent-ils « se faire une place » au sein de ces institutions ? En quoi leur statut professionnel précaire est-il un facteur de risque psychosocial qui fragilise le parcours de ces salariés ?
PERCURSO LEM: DO PENSAR AO APLICAR
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Galian Eduardo Scorfi , Martins Etienne Henrique Brasao , Verrengia Sandra Regina D’Antonio
Published: November 2024

O Laboratório de Ensino de Matemática (LEM), da Universidade Estadual de
Maringá (UEM), integra ensino, pesquisa e extensão, buscando fortalecer a formação de
professores e a relação entre a instituição e a comunidade. Pensado pelo professor doutor
João Cesar Guirado, o LEM visa estimular o aprendizado por meio de desafios,
desenvolvendo a coragem para enfrentar problemas matemáticos. O processo do LEM é
cíclico, envolvendo concepção, estruturação, realização, aplicação e avaliação. As etapas
incluem estudo, criação concreta, teste, compartilhamento, correção e aprimoramento. A
aplicação envolve parcerias, eventos e atividades educacionais, atingindo diversos
públicos. A avaliação, interna e externa, contribui para melhorias contínuas, renovando o
ciclo do laboratório.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE RESOLUÇÃO DE UM PROBLEMA SOBRE MEDIDAS DE TENDÊNCIA CENTRAL POR PROFESSORES QUE ENSINAM MATEMÁTICA
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Matsuo Flávia Hisayo Ribeiro , Kato Lilian Akemi
Published: November 2024

As Medidas de Tendência Central são conceitos estatísticos fundamentais para
resumir um conjunto de dados, sendo assim, são utilizadas em diversas áreas, como na
Educação, Economia, Saúde e Marketing, e são ensinadas a partir do primeiro ano do
Ensino Médio. Nesse viés, olhar para a compreensão dos professores acerca das
estratégias que eles mobilizam para resolver uma situação de Matemática sobre Medidas
de Tendência Central de dados não agrupados, mostra-se relevante do ponto de vista do
ensino e da aprendizagem dos conceitos envolvidos. Nesse estudo, foram investigados
sete professores que ensinam matemática, quanto à manifestação de diferentes maneiras
de resolver e de ensinar a resolução da situação proposta, cujo enunciado,
propositalmente, não explicitou os termos média, moda e mediana. A investigação
apontou que os professores manifestaram ter mais facilidade com os conceitos de média
e moda, do que com a mediana, no entanto sem demonstrarem os conceitos de forma
apropriada.
Amoebic liver abscess in a male homosexual
Authors: Silva F. H. D. S. , Goonatillake K. M. , Balendran T. , Wathsala G. , Bandara D. R. L. N. , Morel R. P.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available
Editorial
Authors: Goonesinghe Satish K. , Waidyarathne Eisha I.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available
Illicit drug use among Sri Lankan males; understanding the crisis for prevention and harm reduction
Authors: Darshana I. L. A. N.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available
Sepsis and septic shock in geriatrics
Authors: Vitali Aurora , Dini Simone , Cozza Mariagiovanna , Gianturco Vincenzo , Brunori Mattia , Mazza Liliana
Published: November 2024

Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening condition that poses diagnostic challenges, particularly in the older population. Clinical manifestations of sepsis in these individuals can be blurred and atypical, making detection and diagnosis difficult. Common symptoms such as fever may be absent; conversely, older patients may present with atypical signs such as delirium, altered mental status, falls, weakness, and urinary incontinence. This can lead to delayed diagnosis, which increases the risk of rapid progression to septic shock. To improve diagnostic accuracy, various laboratory biomarkers and clinical scores have been developed, such as the Sequential (Sepsis-related) Organ Failure Assessment Score (SOFA-score), quick SOFA (qSOFA), and geriatric-qSOFA. These tools aid in identifying sepsis and predicting mortality risk promptly. In terms of treatment, early intervention is crucial. Maintaining adequate tissue perfusion (“fluid resuscitation”), appropriate antibiotic therapy, and eventually vasopressor support are key components of sepsis management in older adults. Additionally, in frail and comorbid patients, priority must be given to supportive care aimed at enhancing quality of life. Tailored therapeutic interventions are crucial to improving outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Impact of nutrition mentoring by dietetic students on knowledge, dietary intake, and nutritional status in pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency in South Sulawesi
Authors: Nadimin Nadimin , Asikin Hijrah
Published: November 2024

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women raises the risk of premature birth and low birth weight (LBW). This study evaluates the effectiveness of nutrition mentoring by dietetic students on the knowledge, intake, and nutritional status of pregnant women in Makassar and Maros, South Sulawesi. Conducted as part of the 2023 Dietitian Professional Education Program at Makassar Health Polytechnic, the study used a pretest-posttest design without a control group. Nutrition mentoring was provided through home visits three times a week for two weeks, involving 122 pregnant women with CED. Data were collected via structured interviews and 24-hour recalls, then analyzed using SPSS. The results showed significant improvements: nutrition knowledge increased from 49.9 to 88.6, and energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake rose significantly (p<0.05). Upper arm circumference improved from 21.79 cm to 22.22 cm, with an average weight gain of 1.0 kg (p<0.001). Post-intervention, 32.8% of women shifted from CED to normal nutritional status. Nutrition mentoring by dietetic students effectively enhanced knowledge, nutrient intake, and nutritional status in this population.
Safety and efficacy of renal denervation utilizing standard bidirectional EP catheter: preliminary Vietnamese findings
Authors: Hieu Tran Ba , Quang Nguyen Ngoc , Hung Pham Manh
Published: November 2024

Renal denervation (RDN) is a safe and effective treatment for hypertensive patients. However, data on its use with standard electrophysiology catheters, particularly from low- and middle-income countries, are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the acute safety and short-term efficacy of RDN in hypertensive patients using standard EP catheters from Vietnam. A prospective study was conducted from May 2023 to May 2024 at the Viet Nam National Heart Institute, Vietnam. A total of 22 patients (mean age 52.87±19.86 years, 12 male) with resistant hypertension underwent RDN by utilizing a standard bidirectional steerable radiofrequency (RF) ablation catheter with a 7 Fr diameter (Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA). Low-power RF applications have been applied along the length of both renal arteries. Renal ultrasound, blood tests, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) were checked at baseline, at 1 month, and at 3 months following RF ablation. The success rate of the renal artery approach with a standard bidirectional EP catheter was 100% (22/22 patients). The mean reduction of 24-hour ambulatory BP, and ambulatory daytime BP were respectively -8.72/-6.04 mmHg and -8.00/-6.09 mmHg at 1 month and -15.59/-9.22 mmHg and -15.27/-10.18 mmHg at 3 months (p<0.05 for systolic and diastolic BP) with unchanged medication. No severe complications were reported during the procedure and follow-up. Our initial results indicate the safety and efficacy of RDN as shown by a significant reduction of mean 24-hour ambulatory BP in comparison to baseline during short-term follow-up.
Investigating the Impact of Selected B Vitamins (B1, B2, B6, and B12) on Acute Colitis Induced Experimentally in Rats
Authors: Dalayeli Niloufar , Hajhashemi Valiollah , Talebi Ardeshir , Minaiyan Mohsen
Published: November 2024

Background:

Malnutrition and lack of micronutrients are seen in many patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Considering that vitamins play an important role in preventing or protecting against inflammation at the metabolic, physiological, and pathological levels, this research was aimed to investigate the effect of a number of vitamin B groups in improving UC.

Methods:

Experimental colitis was induced by rectal administration of acetic acid (3%) in male Wistar rats, and mega doses of thiamine (20 mg/kg), riboflavin (15 mg/kg), pyridoxine (30 mg/kg), and cyanocobalamin (250 μg/kg) alone or in combination were administered intraperitoneally for 5 days. In another group, normal dose (1/10 of the above-mentioned doses) of four vitamins in combination was administered for 15 days (started 10 days before colitis induction). Colon tissues were weighted and evaluated in terms of macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical markers.

Results:

Normal dose of four vitamins in combination form and mega dose of thiamine caused a significant increase in the body weight of animals. All treatments except for pyridoxine (mega dose) diminished ulceration index, total colitis index, and colon weight compared to the control group. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased significantly in all treatment groups.

Conclusions:

The anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerative properties of selected B vitamins improved experimental colitis regardless of the dosage and duration of treatment. Despite its beneficial effect on biochemical markers, pyridoxine had the least effect in reducing the pathological features of colitis. More studies are needed to confirm the effect of these vitamins in the clinical setting of this disease.
Vitamin D supplementations and mortality among patients with moderate/severe COVID-19: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Mirghani Hyder , Begum Shamina
Published: November 2024

Background:

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with severe COVID 19 and poor outcomes. However, the role of Vitamin D supplementation on mortality is controversial. The current meta analysis aimed to investigate the same among patients with COVID 19.

Materials and Methods:

We searched six databases from inception up to July 2023. The keywords used were COVID 19, SARS COV 2, mortality, Vitamin D, calcitriol, cholecalciferol, Calcifediol, survival, death, small dose, and high dose. Eight hundred and sixteen studies were retrieved, 103 full texts were screened, and 14 randomized controlled trials were included in the meta analysis. A structured checklist was used to gather the author’s name, country, year of publication, Vitamin D dose, age, sex, number of patients, mortality, and comorbidities. The Cochrane system for meta analysis (RevMan, version 5.4) was used for the data analysis.

Results:

No association was found between Vitamin D supplementation and mortality among patients with COVID 19, odd ratio, 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.84–1.59, and P = 0.36. No difference between high and low dose Vitamin D supplementation, odd ratio, 0.65, 95% CI, 0.37–1.57, and P = 0.13. In a sub analysis, no significant statistical difference was found between low dose Vitamin D supplementation versus placebo, and when considering patients who were Vitamin D deficient, odd ratio, 1.10, 95% CI, 0.74–1.63. The P = 0.64 and, odd ratio, 0.99, 95% CI, 0.71–1.40, and P = 0.97 respectively.

Conclusion:

No association was evident between Vitamin D supplementation and mortality among patients with COVID 19 irrespective of doses and Vitamin D status. Further studies are needed to address the timing and frequency of Vitamin D supplementations.
Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among patients attending a tertiary care hospital from August 2022 to May 2024
Authors: Bhaumik Shalini , Kshetrimayum Ammy , Rajkumari Nonika , Ghoshal Ujjala , Chatterjee Shiv Sekhar , Nayak Gayatree
Published: November 2024

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and to identify temporal trends over a two year period among patients attending a tertiary care hospital.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted in the Microbiology Department, AIIMS Kalyani, West Bengal. Stool samples sent for diagnostic screening from August 2022 to May 2024 were included in the analysis. Complete patient details and blood parameters were retrieved from hospital records.

Results:

Out of the 532 subjects, 64.7% were males and 35.3% were females, with 39.8% of the children aged between 0-18 years. The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was 6.8%. The highest prevalence of parasitosis was observed in the age group over 60 years, followed by 46-60 age year group, at 14.1% and 9.5% respectively. The lowest prevalence was found in the age group of 31-45 years at 2.2%. Entamoeba histolytica/dispar showed the highest prevalence at 61.1%, followed by Giardia spp. at 16.7%. Multi-parasitism was observed in only 2.8 % of the subjects.

Conclusions:

There was an annual increase in the trend of intestinal parasitic infections over the 2 year period from 2022 to 2024. Therefore, important interventions are warranted, such as enhancing sanitary conditions, implementing periodic deworming programs, and educating the public about the risks of faecal contamination of water, the importance of drinking boiled water, and promoting environmental hygienic practices.
Escherichia coli associated urinary tract infection: Epidemiology and possible strategies for control
Authors: Biswas Subhojeet , Rana Ramakanta , Bal Madhusmita , Pati Sanghamitra , Suar Mrutyunjay , Ranjit Manoranjan
Published: November 2024

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a prevalent condition that individuals may experience at least once in their lifetime. It is one of the most common reasons for hospital visits across all age groups, from neonates to adults. The predominant organism causing UTIs is Escherichia (E.) coli, followed by other microorganisms such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Citrobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus spp. This review focuses on E. coli as the predominant causative agent for UTIs, examining its contribution to the disease burden and antibiotic susceptibility which significantly impact on human health and society. Additionally, we discuss novel approaches to combat this common threat, including the development of bio-markers for UTI treatment, the application of AI, and nanotechnology in medical field to fight against UTIs. We also observe the global distribution of uropathogenic E. coli, with specific attention to India, and highlight the recent trends in drug resistance patterns among the uropathogenic E. coli isolates enabling physicians to administer appropriate antibiotics for UTI treatment.
Evaluation of surgical sterilization techniques for domestic carnivores used in veterinary practices in the Dakar region
Authors: Adamou Sahidi , Lapo Rock , Awounon Kayi , Onidje Edmond
Published: November 2024

Surgical sterilization is one of the most common procedures performed by veterinarians on domestic carnivores. Often perceived as a “routine” procedure, its practice requires good mastery of surgical techniques. This survey, carried out in 14 veterinary practices located in the Dakar region, aimed to evaluate surgical sterilization techniques applied to domestic carnivores. Among the different techniques identified, it appears that the closed technique is predominant among males (67% of practices for dogs and 83% for cats). In females, oophorectomy (OVE) by the white line is clearly at the top of the preferences (71% of practices for bitches and 77% for cats), compared to oophorectomy techniques (OVF) by the flank and ovario-hysterectomy (OVH). Furthermore, the majority of veterinary practices surveyed reported post-operative complications. A significant variation in intervention costs was also noted between veterinary practices, with these differences being influenced by the context of castration, the species, the sex of the animal as well as the prestige of the veterinary practice. In summary, this study contributed to a better understanding of current practices of surgical sterilization of domestic carnivores in the Dakar region.

La stérilisation chirurgicale constitue l'une des procédures les plus fréquemment effectuées par les vétérinaires chez les carnivores domestiques. Souvent perçue comme une intervention de "routine", sa pratique requiert une bonne maîtrise des techniques chirurgicales. Cette enquête, menée dans 14 cabinets vétérinaires situés dans la région de Dakar, avait pour objectif d'évaluer les techniques de stérilisation chirurgicale appliquées aux carnivores domestiques. Parmi les différentes techniques identifiées, il ressort que la technique fermée est prédominante chez les mâles (67% des cabinets pour les chiens et 83% pour les chats). Chez les femelles, l'ovariectomie (OVE) par la ligne blanche est nettement en tête des préférences (71 % des cabinets pour les chiennes et 77 % pour les chattes), comparativement aux techniques d'ovariectomie (OVF) par le flanc et d'ovario-hystérectomie (OVH). Par ailleurs, la majorité des cabinets vétérinaires sondés ont signalé des complications post-opératoires. Une variation significative des coûts des interventions a également été constatée entre les cabinets vétérinaires, ces différences étant influencées par le contexte de la castration, l'espèce, le sexe de l'animal ainsi que le prestige du cabinet vétérinaire. En somme, cette étude a contribué à une meilleure compréhension des pratiques actuelles de stérilisation chirurgicale des carnivores domestiques dans la région de Dakar.
Meteorolojik Veriler Kullanılarak Deprem Tahmin Edilebilir mi?
Authors: Uslan Erdinç , Ulugergerli Emin
Published: November 2024

Depremler ile meteorolojik veriler arasında bir ilişkinin bulunup bulunmadığı araştırmak için Ege Denizi özelinde büyüklüğü 4.0≤Mw≤7.0 depremler ile günlük ortalama sıcaklık, ortalama rüzgâr hızı, toplam yağış miktarı ve deniz suyu sıcaklığı değerleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Hava sıcaklığında ve deniz suyundaki değişimlerin depremin habercisi olduğu yönündeki haberler sosyal medyada ve ulusal basında sıklıkla görülse de depremlerin öncesini ve sonrasını kapsayan veriler ile yapılan incelemeler bu tür ilişkilendirmenin sadece rastlantılar ile açıklanabileceğini göstermektedir. Ege denizi özelinde büyüklüğü 4.0≤Mw≤7.0aralığındaki depremlerle meteorolojik verilerin arasında herhangi bir ilişkinin olmadığı görülmüştür.
NAD (P) H: QUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE 1 GENE C609T POLYMORPHISM AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RISK
Authors: Kumar P  , Kannojiya A.  , Rai V.
Published: November 2024

NAD (P) H: Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is an enzyme that reduces cellular oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals. Variant NQO1 enzyme role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) susceptibility is controversial. The aim of the present study was to assess NQO1 C609T polymorphism as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The authors performed a metaanalysis from published case-control studies that examined the association between C609T polymorphism and AD (735 cases and 828 controls). The pooled Odd Ratios (OR) was estimated by both fixed effects and random effects models. The meta-analysis with random effects model showed that there was 38% heterogeneity between five included studies. The random effect pooled OR is 1.38 (95% CI; 1-14 to 1.66) and Cochran Q was 6.45 (df = 4). The results of present meta-analysis showed that NQO1 gene C609T polymorphism is a risk factor for AD pathogenesis.
Developing of a Multi-Project Planning and Control System for Risk-Based Precast Concrete Procurement to Increase PT. XY’s Competitiveness
Authors: Widiasih Widiasih , Muslim Fadhilah
Published: November 2024

Multi-project planning and control must be part of the precast concrete industry to achieve more efficient project performance and impact obtaining better contract values. It requires a clear and detailed understanding of the project's scope and the risks in project planning. This research aims to analyze the risk factors that influence ongoing multi-project procurement and carry out risk-based development to increase the Competitiveness of PT XY. This research uses a methodology to study related literature, previous research, and PT Company Operational Standards. XY. The results of this study indicate that 7 out of 37 variables have high-risk values, while the remaining 30 are classified as having moderate Risk. The Risk of wage and material price increases represents the highest Risk in developing a multi-project planning and control system for precast concrete procurement to enhance the Competitiveness of PT. XY.
Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of an Additive of Chromium Chelate of DL-methionine (Availa®Cr) as a Feed Additive for Dairy Cows (RP16)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: November 2024

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) in January 2021 from Zinpro Animal Nutrition (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of a chromium chelate of DL-methionine (Availa®Cr) as a feed additive under the category of ‘zootechnical’ additives, functional group ‘other zootechnical additives’. The additive is a chromium chelate of DL-methionine, proposed to be used at a minimum dose of 0.2 mg/kg chromium (Cr) and a maximum dose of 0.5 mg/kg of complete feed (moisture content of 12%), and aims to increase milk yield in dairy cows.

This feed additive had its application of authorisation assessed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), which was published in 2020. FSA/FSS have reviewed the information available, including the EFSA opinion (https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6026), to conclude on the Identity and Characterisation, and Safety sections of the dossier. No conclusion could be reached on the Efficacy of the additive.

The Animal Feed and Feed Additives Joint Expert Group and its successor body, the Advisory Committee on Animal Feedingstuffs (ACAF), were asked to review the Efficacy section of the dossier and the supplementary information submitted by the Applicant, and to advise the Food Standards Agency and Food Standards Scotland (FSA/FSS) in evaluating the dossier.

The FSA/FSS concluded, based on their review of the information available, including the EFSA opinion, and confirmed that the additive, when used at a maximum dose of 0.5 mg Cr/kg of complete feed, is safe for the target species with a 10-fold margin of safety. The additive can be considered safe for the environment. Based on the weight of evidence of in vivo genotoxicity studies together with previous evaluations of the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr (III) and its salts, and the limited exposure expected through the diet, the additive can be considered safe to consumers when used in dairy cows at a maximum level of 0.5 mg/kg of complete feed. The additive is not an eye or skin irritant, and is a skin sensitiser. Given the uncertainties and the high dusting potential of the additive, measures should be taken to minimise exposure to users and workers through inhalation.

The FSA/FSS concluded, based on the ACAF’s advice, that the additive has the potential to be efficacious for increasing milk yield in dairy cows at the recommended dose of 0.2-0.5 mg/kg of complete feed with a moisture content of 12%.

The views of AFFAJEG/ACAF have been taken into account in the safety assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS. This document replaces the previous Safety Assessment published in 2023.
Penapisan Fitokimia dan Uji Antioksidan Seduhan Teh Celup Kombinasi Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam) Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle)
Authors: Makoil Samuel David I. , Tenda Priska E. , Hilaria Maria , Rahmat Emanuel G. A. , Bimantoro Afwan
Published: November 2024

Latar Belakang : Salah satu sumber antioksidan yang mudah ditemui terutama hampir di semua daerah di Provinsi NTT adalah daun kelor. Selain daun kelor, penggunaan jeruk nipis juga marak digunakan, akan tetapi kulit dari jeruk nipis kurang dimanfaatkjan, padahal jeruk nipis memiliki antioksidan dan juga dapat menekan rasa langu dari daun kelor. Dalam penyajiannya daun kelor dan kulit jeruk nipis dapat diolah menjadi minuman olahan yang praktis, salah satunya adalah teh celup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan metebolit skunder khususnya flavonoid pada produk teh celup kombinasi daun kelor dan kulit jeruk nipis, parameter kualitas mutu dan IC50. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data pada formulasi, uji kualitatif flavonoid, dan uji usia simpan dilakukan melalui uji praktikum. Sedangkan pada uji hedonik dilakukan dengan membagikan formulir kuisioner kepada para responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan teh positif mengandung flavonoid, kadar air diperoleh (1,04±0,68%)(b/b). Sedangkan pada hasil uji kadar abu, kadar abu diperoleh (7,34±0,17%)(b/b). Simpulan diperoleh hasil uji pada teh daun kelor kombinasi kulit jeruk nipis mengandung flavonoid,  kadar air (1,04±0,68%)(b/b), kadar abu (7,34±0,17%)(b/b), dan 87,3 %  dengan IC 50 2,94 dan tergolong sangat kuat
 
Kata Kunci : Daun Kelor, Kulit Jeruk Nipis, Teh Celup