bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
India's General Election: Verdict 2024-A Reflection of Public Political Decisions
Authors: Borthakur Palme
Published: June 2024

2024 has been a year of elections around the world, including the developed nations—the USA, the UK, the European Union and the Russian Federation alongside countries like India, Mexico, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran (the Islamic Republic of), South Africa, Republic of Korea (South Korea), Algeria, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Indonesia, Ghana, Mozambique,  Madagascar, Venezuela, (the Bolivarian Republic of), Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), Taiwan, Syrian Arab Republic, Mali, Sri Lanka, Romania, Chad, Senegal, Cambodia, Rwanda, Tunisia, Belgium, Dominic Republic, Jordan, South Sudan, Czechia (Czech Republic), Azerbaijan, Portugal, Belarus, Togo, Austria, El Salvador, Slovakia, Finland, Mauritania, Panama, Croatia, Georgia, Mongolia, Uruguay, Republic of Moldova, Lithuania Botswana, Namibia, Guinea Bissau and North Macedonia. This editorial is devoted to the verdict of India’s General Election 2024.
The results of the 2024 Lok Sabha elections have trickled in by defying most of the expectations of the exit polls. The graph of the results projected a different picture, with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) grabbing 293 seats in the 543-member Parliament. At the same time, the coalition of opposition parties, collectively known as the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA), accomplished 234, which is 38 less than the required majority. As a twist in the election results, the regional parties made significant gains in many states. Congress bagged a strong revival, which was hugely attributed to the Bharat Jodo Yatra and Nyay Yatra under the architect of Mr Rahul Gandhi. Nevertheless, with its allies, BJP-led NDA is on board as Modi 3.0 leads the largest democracy.
Actividad de celulasas y lacasas de Pleurotus ostreatus por fermentación en medios sólidos con subproductos del maíz (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Morales-Campos Brenda Karina , Sánchez-Santillán Paulino , Torres-Salado Nicolás , Saavedra-Jiménez Luis Antonio , Herrera-Pérez Jerónimo , Ayala-Monter Marco Antonio
Published: June 2024

Los subproductos del maíz (olote, totomoxtle y rastrojo) podrían servir como sustrato para producir extractos enzimáticos por fermentación sólida (FS). El objetivo de esta investigación fue cuantificar la actividad de enzimas celulasas y lacasas de cepas de Pleurotus ostreatus a cinco y diez días de FS. La FS se realizó en matraces Erlenmeyer con 50 g de sustrato (80 % humedad) inoculados con 5 g de una cepa e incubados a 30 ºC. En cada tiempo de fermentación se obtuvo el extracto enzimático y al fermento sólido se le determinó proteína cruda (PC), materia orgánica (MO), fibra detergente neutro (FDN) y fibra detergente ácido (FDA). El diseño experimental fue un arreglo factorial 2x3x2 en un diseño completamente al azar; usando cepas, sustratos y tiempo de fermentación como factores. La actividad enzimática de las celulasas y la PC no mostraron diferencias entre cepas y tipos de sustrato (p > 0.05). La FS a 10 d mostró mayor actividad de las celulasas y PC que a los cinco días; la mayor actividad de las lacasas fue en la FS por cinco días usando la cepa P15 y olote o rastrojo; el fermento con rastrojo presentó menor FDN que totomoxtle y olote; el fermento sólido a diez días mostró mayor FDA que a cinco días de FS; la FS con diez días usando rastrojo y la cepa MR mostró menor MO (p < 0.05). En conclusión, olote y totomoxtle son sustratos efectivos en FS para producir extractos enzimáticos de celulasas y lacasas, además el contenido de nutrientes del sustrato se modificó con el tiempo de fermentación.
Exploring the Impact of Real-Time Supply Chain Information on Marketing Decisions: Insights from Service Industries
Authors: Holloway Samuel
Published: June 2024

This qualitative research explores the profound implications of integrating real-time supply chain information on marketing decisions within service industries. Through semi-structured interviews with professionals from logistics, retail, hospitality, healthcare, and telecommunications sectors, the study examines how real-time data enhances demand forecasting, inventory management, personalized marketing approaches, agility in marketing responses, and supplier relationship management. Findings reveal that real-time supply chain information significantly improves accuracy in predicting customer demand and optimizing inventory levels, thereby reducing costs and enhancing service delivery efficiency. Moreover, real-time data enables more targeted marketing strategies through granular customer segmentation and dynamic pricing adjustments based on real-time market dynamics. The agility afforded by real-time information allows companies to swiftly adapt marketing strategies to emerging trends and consumer behaviors, maintaining competitiveness in dynamic service markets. Enhanced supplier collaboration and risk management further underscore the strategic value of real-time supply chain integration, fostering stronger partnerships and supply chain resilience. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how real-time supply chain information transforms marketing practices in service industries, highlighting its role in improving operational efficiency, customer satisfaction, and overall competitiveness. Future research could explore implementation challenges and long-term impacts across diverse service sectors, providing insights into optimizing the strategic use of real-time data for sustained business success.
Reversal of Renal Failure in a Case of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Renal Infiltration
Authors: Peshin Supriya , Modi Shivani , Kolagatla Sandhya , Moka Nagaishwarya
Published: June 2024

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in adults, characterized by abnormal growth of mature B cells in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues. Although CLL primarily affects the hematopoietic system and lymph nodes, renal involvement is exceptionally rare and presents diagnostic and treatment challenges. Potential causes of renal failure in CLL patients include sepsis, dehydration, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), compression of the ureter by enlarged lymph nodes, and side effects of cancer therapy. This report presents a case of CLL with renal infiltration leading to severe renal failure, discussing the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and management of this condition.
Role of Inflammation and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Hirschsprung Disease
Authors: Elkrewi Enas Zoheer , Al Abdulqader Ahmad A. , Khasanov Rasul R. , Maas-Omlor Silke , Wessel Lucas Marie , Boettcher Michael , Schäfer Karl Herbert , Tapia-Laliena María Ángeles
Published: June 2024

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR, incidence 1/5000 live births) is caused by failure of neural crest-derived precursors to migrate, survive, proliferate or differentiate during the embryonic development of the Enteric Nervous System (ENS), which could be disrupted by many factors, in-cluding inflammatory processes. The NF-κB family controls several biological processes includ-ing inflammation, neurogenesis and cell migration. With the aim of studying the potential role of NF-κB in HSCR, we have analyzed the expression of the NF-κB main subunits and other NF-κB-related genes by RT-qPCR in HSCR tissue samples (sub-divided in ganglionic and agan-glionic segments). We found a decreased gene expression of the NF-κB main subunit RelA/p65, but also of IkBα, TNF-α, TFGBR2 and ERBB3 in the pathologic distal aganglionic segments com-pared to the proximal ganglionic segments. Moreover, we could also confirm the lower protein expression of RelA/p65 in the aganglionic distal segments by immunofluorescence staining. Fur-ther, we show that the expression of RelA/p65 in the proximal segments concurs with lymphocyte infiltration in the bowel tissue, indicating a pro-inflammatory activation of p65 in the proximal ganglionic HSCR tissue in the patients analyzed. In all, our findings suggest that the modulation of NF-κB signaling in the neuro-enteric system does obviously contribute to the pathological ef-fects in HSCR.
Morphological and Functional Alterations in the CA1 Pyramidal Neurons of the Rat Hippocampus in the Chronic Phase of the Lithium-Pilocarpine Model of Epilepsy
Authors: Postnikova Tatyana Y. , Diespirov Georgy P. , Malkin Sergey L. , Chernyshev Alexander S. , Vylekzhanina Elizaveta N. , Zaitsev Aleksey V.
Published: June 2024

Epilepsy is known to cause alterations in neural networks. However, many details of these changes remain poorly understood. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the properties of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and their synaptic inputs in a rat lithium-pilocarpine model of epilepsy. In the chronic phase of the model, we found a marked loss of pyramidal neurons in the CA1 area. However, the membrane properties of the neurons remained essentially unal-tered. The results of the electrophysiological and morphological studies indicate that the direct pathway from the entorhinal cortex to CA1 neurons is reinforced in epileptic animals, whereas the inputs to them from CA3 are either unaltered or even diminished. In particular, the dendritic spine density in the str. lacunosum moleculare, where the direct pathway from the entorhinal cortex ter-minates, was found to be 2.5 times higher in epileptic rats than in control rats. Furthermore, the summation of responses upon stimulation of the temporoammonic pathway was enhanced by approximately twofold in epileptic rats. This enhancement is believed to be a significant con-tributing factor to the heightened epileptic activity observed in the entorhinal cortex of epileptic rats using an ex vivo 4-aminopyridine model.
Exploring the Influence of Supply Chain Disruption Management on Brand Resilience and Consumer Perception
Authors: Holloway Samuel
Published: June 2024

This qualitative research explores the influence of supply chain disruption management on brand resilience and consumer perception. Amidst increasingly complex global dynamics, effective strategies are crucial for organizations to mitigate risks, maintain operational continuity, and preserve consumer trust. The study employs semi-structured interviews with stakeholders across diverse industries, focusing on strategies employed, outcomes observed, and challenges faced in managing disruptions. Key findings underscore the significance of proactive measures such as risk assessment, contingency planning, diversification, technology integration, and collaboration in enhancing organizational resilience. These strategies not only enable businesses to navigate disruptions effectively but also contribute to sustaining competitive advantage and stakeholder confidence. Consumer perception during disruptions emerges as pivotal, shaped by brands' transparency, responsiveness, and ethical considerations in managing supply chain challenges. Transparent communication and reliable service delivery during disruptions enhance brand reputation and foster consumer loyalty. However, challenges including information gaps, resource constraints, coordination issues, and regulatory compliance complexities highlight the need for adaptive strategies and robust partnerships across the supply chain. Overall, the study provides insights into the interconnectedness of disruption management, brand resilience, and consumer perception, offering practical implications for organizations seeking to strengthen their resilience strategies and consumer relationships in dynamic market environments.
AI-driven empowerment of international higher education and international networking: A case study of Moroccan universities
Authors: Adoui Aicha
Published: June 2024

In the rapidly evolving 21st century, characterized by technological advances, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and intelligent systems has become increasingly important. This research focuses on the role of AI and intelligent systems in strengthening higher education and networking in an international context, with a specific focus on Morocco. It is undeniable that the advent of Internet communication technologies has facilitated networking, especially in the international educational context. This paper presents an analysis of three Moroccan universities, shedding light on the impact of international networking on academic and professional experiences, especially for doctoral students in Morocco. This paper is based on a mixed method research with a focus on primary data collection in Morocco. This research aims to provide valuable insights and recommendations for fostering a robust educational ecosystem in the context of international collaboration. Some of the findings of this paper highlight that, despite some limitations, AI and intelligent systems could potentially be used as important tools to create innovative learning materials. AI is becoming essential for predicting student needs and behavior, as well as for enabling international higher education and international perspectives within universities.
Theravadization of Buddhayana under the discourse of modern Buddhism and Indonesian politics
Authors: Buaban Jesada , Makin Al , Sutrisno Evi Lina
Published: June 2024

Scholars have presented the Buddhayana Movement as a diverse and localized form of Indonesian Buddhism, which was facilitated by the cooperation of transnational Buddhist networks. This paper raises two questions: (1) what were the impacts of Theravada Buddhism that facilitated the rise of Buddhayana? and (2) when Theravada became a symbol of authentic Buddhism and its identity could satisfy the state rather during assimilation policy, how did Buddhayana members balance the needs of the Chinese patrons and of the government? Based upon documentary methods combined with in-depth interviews, the data collected are analyzed through the concepts of transnationalism and the discourse of modern Buddhism. This paper proposes that (1) the birth of Buddhayana in the 1960s was facilitated not only by transnational relations, but also by the discourse of modern Buddhism, which led to an emphasis on Theravada Buddhism. Therefore, even though Buddhayana claimed to be open to Mahayana and Vajrayana as well, its official doctrines and ritual performances presented in public tend to be Theravada in character. (2) The politics of discrimination against the Chinese Indonesians helped to marginalize Mahayana Buddhism, a tradition that its image links to the Chinese culture. In consequence, Mahayana tended to play a role in the daily practices of the Chinese in their houses and klenteng, meanwhile Theravada in terms of philosophical teachings and huge rituals was chosen to be presented in the public sphere in accordance with the state’s needs.
Rethinking child aggression beyond traditional labels: A ‘shared victimhood’ approach to child-to-child violence in Nigeria
Authors: Nwakanma Emmanuel , Erondu Chinyere Iheoma , Ogala Patricia , Ihunwo Chima
Published: June 2024

Child-to-child violence is a pervasive problem in schools and communities worldwide. Traditional models for understanding this violence often present a clear dichotomy between aggressive children and passive victims. However, this binary approach has proven largely inadequate in recognizing the power dynamics and potential victimization of both parties involved, resulting in interventions that have little to no success in rehabilitation. Alternatively, this paper proposes a "shared victimhood" approach, arguing that violent behavior may result from a cycle of negative experiences in which both the aggressor and the victim are positioned as products of their environment. In essence, the paper explores the limitations of binary labeling and the potential of the shared victimhood framework. It reviews relevant research on the ecological factors influencing child aggression, highlighting the impact of family background, early childhood experiences, and social learning. Drawing on ecological theory, the paper emphasizes the importance of early intervention and prevention strategies that address the root causes of aggression while fostering empathy and resilience in children. It also recommends that states in Nigeria establish LGA-specific child counseling centers and rehabilitation facilities attached to the health care system that cater exclusively to the needs of abused children. Finally, the paper suggests areas for future research to further develop and refine the shared victimhood perspective.
Novel green method for synthesizing plane tree seeds for symmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Zeng Fanen , Lv Q , Zhang Yaning , Lu Lu , Xu Bing
Published: June 2024

The practical application of hierarchical porous carbon materials in supercapacitors (SCs) is important. Therefore, the development of a simple and sustainable method is a massive challenge. Plane tree seed–based porous carbon (PBC) was synthesized through static air activation with plane tree seeds as precursors. The hierarchical porous structure of PBC was regulated by controlling the reaction temperature. The physicochemical properties of PBC were observed through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. At an activation temperature of 700°C, the optimized hierarchical porous carbon materials possessed a high specific surface area, an optimal hierarchical porous structure dominated by mesoporous structures, and N and O functional groups for doping. The formation and evolution of hierarchically porous structures during static air activation were described in detail. In a three-electrode system, the optimal PBC exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 187.05 F g− 1 at 0.5 A g− 1. The constructed symmetric SC achieved a high energy density of 11.03 Wh kg− 1 at a power density of 250 W kg− 1 and exhibited remarkable electrochemical stability (100% over 7000 cycles at 10 A g–1). Static air activation has a broad application prospect as a simple and sustainable method for realizing energy storage and conversion.
Preserving and combining knowledge in robotic lifelong reinforcement learning
Authors: Meng Yuan , Bing Zhenshan , Yao Xiangtong , Chen Kejia , Huang Kai , Gao Yang , Sun Fuchun , Knoll Alois
Published: June 2024

Humans can continually accumulate knowledge and develop increasingly complex behaviors and skills throughout their lives, which is a capability known as ``lifelong learning''. Although this lifelong learning capability is considered an essential mechanism that makes up generalized intelligence, recent advancements in artificial intelligence predominantly excel in narrow, specialized domains and generally lack of this lifelong learning capability. Our study introduces a robotic lifelong reinforcement learning framework that addresses this gap by developing a knowledge space inspired by non-parametric Bayesian domain. Additionally, we enhance the agent's semantic understanding of tasks by integrating language embeddings into the framework. Our proposed embodied agent can consistently accumulate knowledge from a continuous stream of one-time feeding tasks. Furthermore, our agent can tackle challenging real-world long-horizon tasks by combining and reapplying its acquired knowledge from the original tasks stream. Our findings demonstrate that intelligent embodied agents can exhibit a capability for lifelong learning similar to that of human beings. The proposed framework advances our understanding of the robotic lifelong learning process and may inspire the development of more broadly applicable intelligence.
Determinants Impacting Rural Patients’ Utilization of Telemedicine
Authors: García Eliseo , Vincent Benjamin C , Thakur Shivani , Thakur Ashish , Zabiba Fatima , Agarwal Sandhini , Cervantes Jasmin Dominguez , Zabiba Ahmed
Published: June 2024

Objective: To evaluate patient preferences when utilizing telemedicine.Methods: A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was completed by 153 patients at a rural clinic via a convenience sampling method. The survey contained 21 statements encompassing provider confidence, patient-physician rapport, and accessibility factors. Patient responses for those who attended (n = 120) or canceled/rescheduled (n = 33) telemedicine encounters were analyzed using paired difference t-tests and t-tests of correlations between different groups of factors. An ad-hoc method patterned after the least significant differences was applied to the analysis of variance results to evaluate patient-valued factors.Results: Patients surveyed included 82.4% female (n = 127) and 17.6% male (n = 26); 69.3% of them were Hispanic/Latino (n = 106). When reviewing the patient opinion statements, our data suggested a belief that telemedicine encounters were as good as in-person visits (n = 118, x̄ = 4.932) and that such encounters provided them with the confidence to proceed with future, in-person vein treatments (n = 117, x̄ = 4.744). Additionally, patients expressed feeling as though their personal information was safe (n = 117, x̄ = 4.897).Conclusion: Rural patients indicated a preference for flexible encounters and for providers who strive to build trust and rapport when utilizing telemedicine.
In situ determination of cement paste porosity in parallel with corrosion study of aluminium alloy 1100 in Portland cement pastes
Authors: Li Xiang , Caes Sebastien , Pardoen Thomas , De Schutter Geert , Hauffman Tom , Kursten Bruno
Published: June 2024

In the context of the corrosion study of aluminium alloy 1100 in contact with Portland cement pastes by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), a quantitative characterization of the capillary porosity of cement pastes was performed by combining the fitting parameter of the electrical equivalent circuit model constructed to analyse the EIS response with a two-phase model derived from the general effective media theory (GEM). The effective resistance of the cement paste entering the GEM is approximated by the resistance of connected capillary pores as provided by the EIS analysis to determine the evolving porosity of cement pastes. The mercury intrusion porosimetry data agree with the porosity results obtained from EIS. The influence of the curing conditions is also studied to extract the impact on the porosity.
Banning new gas boilers as a hedge against the limited availability of renewable gas supply
Authors: VIVIER Lucas , ESCRIBE Célia
Published: June 2024

The low uptake of low-carbon heating systems across Europe has prompted authorities to consider more ambitious measures, including a complete ban on the installation of new fossil fuel boilers. In this analysis, we simulate the impacts of introducing a ban on gas boilers under 11,664 scenarios covering major uncertainties. Taking France as a case study, we find that heat pump adoption shifts gas use from heating demand to electricity generation, which is a more efficient use of low-carbon biogas from a whole-system perspective. Heat pump adoption therefore provides a hedge against short supply of low-carbon gas. We additionally find that widespread heat pump adoption is more effectively achieved through a ban on new gas boilers than through incentives under uncertainty. We therefore demonstrate that a ban is critical to meet carbon neutrality, while achieving a reduction in total system cost in over 75\% of scenarios. Finally, we show that the implementation of the ban, when coupled with the existing subsidy framework, mitigates inequalities among owner-occupied households but generate adverse affect for those in privately rented homes.
Temporal Study of Subway Network Recovery under Resilience Perspective
Authors: Xu Fangdong , Lin Miaopeng , Jiang Hui
Published: June 2024

In order to improve the safety and emergency response capability of urban rail transit network, a resilience maximization-based urban rail transit network recovery model is designed. The shortcomings of the Space-L method in network model construction are compensated by introducing virtual transfer edges to capture the transfer relationships between lines. The travel decisions of passengers under four failure scenarios are considered to ensure that the travel behaviors of individuals in the network are more realistic. By calculating the time of passengers arriving at the failed stations and generating the real-time network, the affected population is more accurately identified, and the accuracy of the network passenger flow allocation is improved. Starting from the optimization of station restoration timing, with the goal of minimizing the cumulative performance loss during the whole process of emergencies, the resilience maximization restoration model is constructed, and the optimal restoration strategy under different failure scenarios is solved by combining the genetic algorithm with the optimized particle swarm GA-PSO algorithm. The experimental results based on the AFC data of Beijing subway network show that the recovery effect of the toughness maximization-based recovery strategy is better than that of the random recovery strategy and the empirical recovery strategy in all the four failure scenarios. Meanwhile, the performance loss during network recovery can be reduced and the benefits can be maximized by increasing the repair team.
Photodynamic and photothermal bacteria targeting nanosystems for synergistically combating bacteria and biofilms
Authors: Shi Wenxuan , Zheng Ao , Jin Yu , Li Zhuoyuan , Deng Tanjun , Wang Xiao , Cao Lingyan
Published: June 2024

The escalating hazards posed by bacterial infections underscore the imperative for pioneering advancements in next-generation antibacterial modalities and treatments. Present therapeutic methodologies are frequently impeded by the constraints of insufficient biofilm infiltration and the absence of precision in pathogen-specific targeting. In this current study, we have used chlorin e6 (Ce6), zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), polydopamine (PDA), and UBI peptide to formulate an innovative nanosystem meticulously engineered to confront bacterial infections and effectually dismantle biofilm architectures through the concerted mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT)/photothermal therapy (PTT) therapies, including in-depth research, especially for oral bacteria and oral biofilm. Ce6@ZIF-8-PDA/UBI nanosystem, with effective adhesion and bacteria-targeting, affords a nuanced bacterial targeting strategy and augments penetration depth into oral biofilm matrices. The Ce6@ZIF-8-PDA/UBI nanosystem potentiated bacterial binding and aggregation. Upon exposure to near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, Ce6@ZIF-8-PDA/UBI showed excellent antibacterial effect on S. aureus, E. coli, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis and exceptional light-driven antibiofilm activity to P. gingivalis biofilm, which was a result of the efficient bacterial localization mediated by PDA/UBI, as well as the PDT/PTT facilitated by Ce6/PDA interactions. Collectively, these versatile nanoplatforms augur a promising and strategic avenue for controlling infection and biofilm, thereby holding significant potential for future integration into clinical paradigms. The original application of the developed nanosystem in oral biofilms also provides a new strategy for effective oral infection treatment.
The dowsing wand. Can the penis development indicate changes in environment for phally polymorphic micro-mollusk species?
Authors: Książkiewicz Zofia , Rybak Michał
Published: June 2024

Background
The study aims to track sexual morph proportions over time and through sharp seasonal changes in temperate climates for sexually polymorphic land snails. The research considers shell dimensions in assessing if size correlates with a morph type. As a study species we selected the two phally polymorphic species Vertigo moulinsiana and Vertigo angustior, belonging to the Vertiginidae family and predominantly found in Europe. They are threatened with extinction and included in Annex II of the EU Habitat Directive.
Results
Findings reveal species-specific responses to seasonal changes, with varying morph proportions over time for V. angustior and V. moulinsiana. Euphallics consistently remain a minority in both species, and hemiphallics are recorded only in V. angustior, specifically in June. Although we did not find any relationship between the morph type and the shell size, we noticed that the shell dimensions significantly varied in snails from different seasons.
Conclusions
The variability observed may be explained by local environmental conditions, including weather and habitat that response to local conditions. Importantly, the various proportion of sexual morphs and shell dimensions may affect the genetic diversity and reproductive traits of land snails species. Thus, results of our study highlights the need of extensive research in terms of the climate crisis and habitat deterioration for the phally polymorphic species.
Large radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is hard to detect
Authors: Zhang Jianhao , Chen Yao-Sheng , Gryspeerdt Edward , Yamaguchi Takanobu , Feingold Graham
Published: June 2024

A key uncertainty in projecting the rate of future warming derives from regulations on aerosol emissions that involve socioeconomic decisions. Given that a reduction in aerosol cooling unmasks greenhouse gas warming, the 2020 implementation of strict regulations on the sulfur content of ship fuels (IMO2020) presents a natural experiment that can be used to assess the potential impacts of future emission regulations and the detectability of deliberate aerosol perturbations for climate intervention. Using
an ensemble of neural networks trained to capture the natural variability in cloud driven by variations in meteorological conditions, we estimate a substantial global radiative forcing of +0.084 ±0.006 W m-2 from IMO2020-related changes in low-cloud radiative effect. We find a strong masking effect of natural variability on the detectability of this radiative perturbation, manifested as high chances of missed detection and false detection. After removing the masking effect, the true detection-fraction of IMO2020’s radiative perturbation is at most 6%, while cloud microphysical changes have a higher chance of being detected. These results raise concerns that future reductions in aerosol emissions will accelerate warming and that proposed deliberate aerosol perturbations such as marine cloud brightening will need to be substantial in order to overcome the low detectability.
Capacity Fading Mechanisms of Ni-Rich Cathodes in All-Solid-State Batteries: Quantitative Approaches
Authors: Sun Yang-Kook , Lee Han-Uk , Park Nam-Yung , Yu Tae-Yeon , Lee In-Su , Kim Hun , Park Sung-Min , Jung Hun-Gi , Jung Yun-Chae
Published: June 2024

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) comprising Ni-rich layered cathode active materials (CAMs) and sulfide solid electrolytes are promising candidates for highly safe next-generation batteries with high energy densities. However, these ASSBs experience significant capacity fading during cycling owing to surface degradation at the CAM/electrolyte interface and severe lattice volume changes in the CAM, resulting in loss of contact between the particles in the CAM or between the CAM and the electrolyte. In this study, we specifically quantified the capacity fading factors of Ni-rich Li[NixCoyAl1-x-y]O2 (NCA) composite ASSB cathodes as functions of Ni content. Surface degradation at the CAM/electrolyte interface was found to be the main cause of capacity fading in a CAM with an 80% Ni content, whereas inner-particle isolation and detachment of the CAM from the solid electrolyte plays a significant role in capacity fading as the Ni content increases to and exceeds 85%. Although coating the surface and modifying the CAM morphology significantly mitigate surface degradation and internal particle isolation, detachment remains a challenge owing to severe lattice volume changes experienced by Ni-rich CAMs. A comprehensive understanding of the capacity fading mechanisms in ASSBs comprising Ni-rich CAMs is expected to shed light on future research strategies that overcome their limitations.
Early Detection of Hemorrhagic Stroke Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Professor Balakrishnan D Assistant , Student Gobala Krishnan B , Professor Thirumoorthy P , Professor Aarthy C Assistant
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this work is to construct a predictive model for hemorrhagic stroke using machine learning techniques. The emphasis is on designing a robust prediction system capable of reliably identifying people at risk. Materials and Methods: The present study comprised two groups. Group 1 refers to a Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach with high gradient boosting, whereas Group 2 belongs to the Convolutional Neural Network technique that enhances accuracy and produces faster results. Results: The review examines several machine learning methods, with a special emphasis on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which achieve outstanding accuracy levels of 97%, while the existing approach of support vector machines reaches 96% in prediction. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, the Convolutional neural network achieves exceptional accuracy in predicting hemorrhagic stroke.
Democracy, Growth, and the Political Resource Curse: Evidence from Night-time Lights
Authors: Animashaun Jubril Olayinka
Published: June 2024

This paper uses enhanced night-time light-based economic growth and the exogenous timing of giant oil discovery to explore the transmission of democracy to economic growth. Empirically, we extend the democracy growth model in Acemoglu et al. (2019), which involves a dynamic panel-data model with GMM-styled instrumental variable analysis for 157 countries from 1992 to 2008. Specifically, we interact the exogenous timing of the discovery of giant oil fields with the democratization variable and replace GDP using night-time lights. Also, our empirical identification exploits the time lag between giant oil discovery and development outcomes using night-time lights. We find substantial heterogeneity in economic growth under democracies depending on the timing of giant oil discoveries and the measurement of economic growth. We examine various mechanisms that might explain this heterogeneity.
JEL codes: D720, O130
Exploring Latent Class Profiles of Mathematics Performance among Filipino Students: Insights from PISA 2022 Using Growth Mindset Indicators and Group Comparison Analysis
Authors: Chavez Von Lorenz A
Published: June 2024

This study explored the growth mindset among Filipino students and its impact on mathematics performance. It utilized the data from the PISA 2022 assessment. Growth mindset has been illustrated as the belief that abilities can be developed through effort. It is identified as a critical factor that influences educational outcomes. The primary aim of this study is to identify distinct latent class profiles based on growth mindset indicators among Filipino students. Also, it examined the relationship between these profiles and mathematics performance. The study is grounded in the growth mindset theory. This theory posits that students' beliefs about their intelligence and abilities can significantly influence their academic performance. Growth mindset is classified as a concept of multidimensional because it encompasses mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects. Thus, this is also explored. Data from 6,791 Filipino students who participated in PISA 2022 were analyzed. The study employed Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to identify distinct growth mindset profiles based on student responses to mindset-related questions. Following the identification of profiles, ANOVA was used to determine differences in mathematics performance among the identified groups. Based on the results, there were three latent classes were identified: Limitation Acceptors, Optimistic Learners, and Mindset Explorers. Limitation Acceptors (50% of the students) predominantly believed in fixed intelligence and performed lower in mathematics. Optimistic Learners (17%) exhibited a strong growth mindset and achieved significantly higher mathematics scores. Mindset Explorers (33%) displayed ambivalence towards fixed and growth mindset statements, with mathematics performance similar to Limitation Acceptors. ANOVA results indicated a significant difference in mathematics performance among the three groups, with Optimistic Learners outperforming the other two.
Pushover analysis of G+20 RCC Structure with Horizontal Irregularity
Authors: VAWADRA VINOD , JOHN ROSHNI
Published: June 2024

In the last decade, four devastating earthquakes in the world have occurred in India, and low to mild intensities earthquakes are shaking our land frequently. It has raised questions about the adequacy of framed structures to resist strong motions since many buildings suffered great damage or collapsed. Therefore, existing reinforced concrete buildings can be analyzed to determine the strength or capacity to resist seismic loads. Performance-based design is used to assess the performance level of buildings subjected to earthquakes. Push-over analysis is one of the seismic methods to determine the performance level of the building. On the basis of pushover analysis whether damage occurs at member or structure level can be identified. Fiber-reinforced polymer wrapping is a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers. It has good ductility strength which can work effectively in earthquake-prone areas. In the present study, 20 story structures with horizontal irregularity have been analyzed with aramid fiber-reinforced polymer, glass fiber-reinforced polymer, and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer with the Pushover analysis method as per ATC- 40 [5]. The analysis is carried out for seismic Zone III with hard soil conditions. The parameters considered for the study are pushover curve, target displacement, story shear, time period, maximum story displacement, and story drift based on pushover analysis separately to find out the most suitable configuration of fiber-reinforced polymer.
Eine kritische Bildungstheorie post-digitaler Subjektivität
Authors: Leineweber Christian
Published: June 2024

Der Beitrag steckt in programmatischer Absicht das Feld einer kritischen Bildungstheorie post-digitaler Subjektivität ab. Auf der Basis post-digitaler Paradigmen und der daran anknüpfenden Prämisse, dass digitalen Medien spezifische Entscheidungsmächte eingeschrieben sind, werden die genuin subjekttheoretischen Begriffe der Autonomie und Entfremdung befragt und im Sinne einer relationalen Haltung reinterpretiert. Auf diese Weise lassen sich Konturen einer kritischen Bildungstheorie zeichnen, die theoretische Befragungen des Subjekts und praktische Versuche subjektiver Befreiung analytisch miteinander kombinieren lässt.
Graphics Creation for Television Using the Sony SMC-70G Microcomputer
Authors: Mutton Ross
Published: June 2024

Carleton University operates an instructional television channel across the Ottawa cable companies. There was a need to modernize the equipment used for feeding course and University activity information over the channel when not broadcasting telecourses. This article examines the selection process and describes the attributes and limitations of the microcomputer system eventually selected.
Estudo comparativo de dois diferentes métodos para determinação da glicemia
Authors: Agnoletto Natieli  Soares , Sulzbacher Maicon Machado , Fiorin Pauline Brendler Goettems , Ludwig Mirna Stela , Frizzo Matias Nunes
Published: June 2024

O automonitoramento em pacientes diabéticos previne que doses errôneas de insulina sejam aplicadas, a fim de evitar complicações de quadros de hipoglicemia e hiperglicemia recorrentes que acarretam em danos mais sérios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de um teste de auto monitoramento de glicemia capilar (hemoglicoteste, HGT)), comparando seus resultados a um teste de glicose utilizando o método enzimático. Método: foram coletados sangue para o método capilar e venoso, de 90 voluntários,  em jejum e diagnosticados com diabetes as coletas foram realizadas ao mesmo tempo nos voluntários. Resultados: Foram apresentados como média ± desvio padrão. Para HGT a glicemia foi 132,99 ± 44,65 mg/dL e para o método laboratorial 108,3 ± 43,59 mg/dL. Os resultados mostraram discordância, corroborada a partir do método coeficiente Kappa (κ) com valor de 0,181. Apenas 30,681% estavam dentro da zona A e zona B estipuladas pela ISO 15197/2013 como 99%. Conclusão:  Existe diferença entre os valores de glicemia capilar realizada por glicosímetro digital e os valores da glicemia venosa realizada em testes laboratoriais tradicionais, de forma que o equipamento em teste não atendeu aos valores de referência dados pela resolução 3.161, de 16/11/2018, normativa Nº 24, que rege o Brasil, a qual se baseou nas normas internacionais da ISO 15197/2013, e portanto, não atende as normas internacionais.
Variable Surface Antigens of Plasmodium falciparum: Protein Families
with Divergent Roles
Authors: Kaur Jasweer , Mishra Prakash Chandra , Hora Rachna
Published: June 2024

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Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) is an illness that contributes significantly
to the global health burden. Pf makes significant alterations to the host cell to meet its
metabolic demands and escape the immune response of the host. These include the export of a
large number of parasite proteins to the infected Red Blood Cells (iRBC). Variable Surface Antigens
(VSAs), which are highly polymorphic protein families with important roles in immune evasion,
form an important component of the exported proteins. A total of five protein families constitute
the VSAs, viz. PfEMP1 (Pf erythrocyte membrane protein 1), RIFIN (repetitive interspersed
family), STEVOR (sub-telomeric open reading frame), SURFIN (surface-associated interspersed
gene family), and PfMC-2TM (Pf Maurer’s cleft two transmembrane). With orthologues present
in various simian-infecting species, VSAs take up a variety of domain topologies and organizational
structures while exhibiting differential expressions throughout the parasite life cycle. Their expression
varies across clinical isolates and laboratory strains, which suggests their crucial role in
host cell survival and defense. Members of VSAs are reported to contribute significantly to disease
pathogenesis through immune evasion processes like cytoadherence, iRBC sequestration in
the host vasculature, rosetting, reduced erythrocyte deformability, and direct immunosuppression.
In this study, we have gathered information on various aspects of VSAs, like their orthologues, domain
architecture, surface topology, functions and interactions, and three-dimensional structures,
while emphasizing discoveries in the field. Considering the vast repertoire of Plasmodial VSAs
with new emergent functions, a lot remains unknown about these families and, hence, malaria biology.
Bio-Printing of Materials for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Jafari Taha , Naghib Seyed Morteza , Moepubi M.R.
Published: June 2024

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The complicated internal mechanical and structural qualities of normal bone
tissue still prevent the development of effective therapeutic procedures for major bone lesions.
It is still difficult to use tissue engineering to return damaged bones back to how
they were originally intended. Due to recent advances in 3D printing, together with the introduction
of new materials and technological assistance, the basis for BTE has been established.
Biological 3D biomaterials have cells inside them, which allows for the creation
of structures that mimic real tissues. Microextrusion, inkjet, and laser-assisted bioprinting
are the three primary methods used in 3D bioprinting manufacturing. Hydrogels packed
with cells, growth hormones, and bioactive ceramics are among the bioinks utilized in
bone bioprinting. With the use of magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography
scanning, 3D printing offers substantial benefits for tailored treatment by enabling the creation of scaffolds
with the right structural qualities, form, and dimensions. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a cutting-edge
technique that has been utilized recently to create multicellular, biomimetic tissues with layers upon layers of
intricate tissue microenvironment printing. We approached the use of hydrogels with great strength in 3D
printing for BTE with an emphasis on first providing a thorough study about the development of 3D printing,
printing techniques, and ink selection in this review. A brief prediction on how 3D printing would advance in
the future was made.
Advances in the Development of Non-Structural Protein 1 (NsP1) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Chikungunya Virus Infection
Authors: Delgado-Maldonado Timoteo , Moreno-Herrera Antonio , Rivera Gildardo
Published: June 2024

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Chikungunya is a re-emerging viral infection of worldwide concern, and new antiviral
therapeutics are necessary to combat this disease. Inhibitors of the non-structural protein 1 (NsP1),
which shows Methyltransferase (MTase) activity and plays a crucial in the Chikungunya virus
(ChikV) replication, are exhibiting promising results. This review aimed to describe recent advances
in the development of NsP1 inhibitors for the treatment of Chikungunya disease. High-throughput
screening of novel ChikV NsP1 inhibitors has been widely performed for the identification of new
molecule hits through fluorescence polarization, Western blotting, ELISA-based assay, and capillary
electrophoresis assays. Additionally, cell-based assays confirmed that the inhibition of ChikV NsP1
abolishes viral replication. In summary, pyrimidine and pyrimidin-7(6H)-one derivatives, GTP and
nucleoside analogs have been demonstrated to show inhibitory activity and are considered promising
scaffolds that provide useful knowledge for the research and development of new NsP1 inhibitors
as potential treatment of Chikungunya re-emerging disease.