bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stump
Authors: Annan Nana Kofi
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss a model which can be used as a framework to guide the implementation and use of ICT for teaching and learning. The benefits of using ICT in Education are known, however, the problem is that the implementation and use of these ICTs in schools do not often yield the desired results as anticipated. In an attempt to address this problem, this chapter reviewed eleven information system models and adopted an Action Research strategy of inquiry using mixed methods involving both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection to gather a holistic data out of the emerged phenomenon in the academic and social-cultural context of the participants. The result shows that lack of skills, interest, time, pedagogic relevance of the technology among others are obstacles to the effective implementation and use of ICT in education. The findings led to the conceptualization of STUMP.
The Impact of Social Media on Instruction in Higher Education
Authors: Lemoine Pamela A. , Hackett Paul Thomas , Richardson Michael D.
Published: July 2016

The technological revolution of the past two decades has changed communication in contemporary educational settings. Consequently, there is now a wide gulf between the unlimited use of technology and higher education, particularly with respect to digital communications between professors and students. Technology offers college students an array of options to socialize, network, stay informed and connected, but with risks and consequences. As social media use by students becomes more established, educators in higher education are pursuing methods to continue significant and appropriate contact with their audience. Web 2.0 digital technologies convey information and permit interaction with distance participants. Personal use of digital technologies for social media communication is one thing; social media use by professors for communication with students is another. Can social media be used in higher education to improve learning through student and faculty collaboration and are there less than desirable results in the interaction of social media and higher education?
Mobile Learning among Students and Lecturers in the Developing World
Authors: Singh Lenandlar , Thomas Troy Devon , Gaffar Kemuel O. , Renville Dwayne
Published: July 2016

The potential of mobile technologies to influence teaching and learning has enthused educational technology researchers. This chapter compares lecturers and students at the University of Guyana on the factors of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model and attitude in relation to technology in education using principal components and regression analyses. It also focuses on access to devices and use of the device features. The results show that the mobile phone is the most popular mobile device among students and lecturers and that both groups have positive attitudes towards using mobile devices for teaching and learning. However, students are more disposed and better equipped to use mobile technologies in the near future and have stronger intentions towards integrating them into their learning. Whereas attitude is the most important determinant of adoption among students, the facilitating conditions is most critical to mobile learning adoption among lecturers.
Exploring the Use of Mobile Devices and Applications to Support Field Experience in Teacher Education Courses
Authors: Lai Yiu-chi , Leung Pui-wan Pamela , Wong Tak-wah , Yuen Tze-leung Raymond
Published: July 2016

Field experience at the Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIEd) is viewed as a central aspect to our programmes. The proposed chapter will discuss a project that aimed to enhance student teachers' professional development in FE by adopting mobile technology and cloud services. Also, the use of digital forms of FE documents such as TP supervision forms, FE portfolios, and reflective journals enables student teachers and Institute supervisors to build their own e-portfolio for further sharing of their professional practices within and outside the Institute.
Instructor Perceptions and Intentions to Use a Tablet PC for Mobile Learning in a Ghanaian University
Authors: Asunka Stephen
Published: July 2016

This study used aspects of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to predict instructor acceptance and adoption of a tablet computer for mobile learning in a Ghanaian University. Following the distribution of a customized tablet PC (known as Campus Companion) to all instructors of the institution, and an expectation that they will use these devices to support and facilitate mobile learning, data on instructor perceptions, attitudes, and behavioral intention to use the technology were gathered and analyzed. Thirty-eight (38) instructors participated in the study. Findings show that instructors' intentions to use the tablet PC for mobile learning are very low, and are significantly influenced by their perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and attitude towards the device. Implications of these findings for practice and further research are discussed within the context of the adoption of m-learning within the Ghanaian higher education context in particular and the developing world in general.
A Classification Framework Towards Application of Data Mining in Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Sangwan Neeti , Dahiya Naveen
Published: July 2016

Recommendation making is an important part of the information and e-commerce ecosystem. Recommendation represent a powerful method that filter large amount of information to provide relevant choice to end users. To provide recommendations to the users, efficient and cost effective methods needs to be introduced. Collaborative filtering is an emerging technique used in making recommendations which makes use of filtering by data mining. This chapter presents a classification framework on the use of data mining techniques in collaborative filtering to extract the best recommendations to the users on the basis of their interests.
Data Stream Mining Using Ensemble Classifier
Authors: Dongre Snehlata Sewakdas , Malik Latesh G.
Published: July 2016

A data stream is giant amount of data which is generated uncontrollably at a rapid rate from many applications like call detail records, log records, sensors applications etc. Data stream mining has grasped the attention of so many researchers. A rising problem in Data Streams is the handling of concept drift. To be a good algorithm it should adapt the changes and handle the concept drift properly. Ensemble classification method is the group of classifiers which works in collaborative manner. Overall this chapter will cover all the aspects of the data stream classification. The mission of this chapter is to discuss various techniques which use collaborative filtering for the data stream mining. The main concern of this chapter is to make reader familiar with the data stream domain and data stream mining. Instead of single classifier the group of classifiers is used to enhance the accuracy of classification. The collaborative filtering will play important role here how the different classifiers work collaborative within the ensemble to achieve a goal.
Leveraging Knowledge Sharing over Social Media Tools
Authors: Obermayer Nora , Gaál Zoltán , Szabó Lajos , Csepregi Anikó
Published: July 2016

Knowledge management and social media have become trendy expressions in the business life. Knowledge is seen as the most important strategic asset and knowledge workers play a central role in value creation. Organizations have an urgent need to pay attention to effective knowledge sharing, thus, it is important to understand what encourages individuals to share their knowledge. Social media tools, like Facebook have become mainstream, modified personal relationships and generated new possibilities to facilitate collaboration. An exploratory survey investigates how social media tools are being used for knowledge sharing and examines the characteristics of the different generations. The results have shown that organizations prefer not to allow the usage of social media; but where the employees are supported to reach these tools, high proportion of them utilize these technologies. This chapter introduces these results and provides recommendations on how to foster employee motivation to use social media for work purposes in knowledge sharing.
The Role of Social Media for Knowledge Dissemination in Medical Tourism
Authors: Medhekar Anita
Published: July 2016

The use of social media for information dissemination for education, environmental movement, natural disasters, emergency, election campaign, grass root movements, non-profit organisations, public health communication, and marketing for health promotion, e-governance, and political revolutions is well known. The economic significance of the health and medical tourism sector in the global healthcare business should not be underestimated. Internet is playing a leading role as a platform for the dissemination of medical tourism business information. In this century, more and more actual and potential tourists are accessing the internet and social media applications to find and disseminate factual information regarding medical tourism facilitators, destinations, super-speciality hospitals, specialist doctors and nurses, quality and accreditation, accommodation facility, cost, waiting period for surgery and sharing their positive and negative experiences to inform potential medical tourists. Healthcare providers and medical tourists acquire information, create, collaborate, communicate and disseminate healthcare and medical tourism related information through the Word-of-Social-Media (WoSM) tools such as FaceBook, Flickr, Twitter, Blogs, Forums, YouTube patient testimonials, Google Plus, LinkedIn, Photo and video sharing, Alexa and mobile applications. Therefore social media has a great potential as an information source and a knowledge dissemination tool for tourism industry to network and create clusters locally and globally, to exploit new innovative technologies for interaction and collaboration between the healthcare providers as well as the medical tourists. The main contribution of this chapter is to explore and discuss the role and use of social media applications for knowledge dissemination by hospitals and the medical tourists in the global business of medical tourism in India.
Principles and Good Practices for Using Wikis within Organizations
Authors: Miron Eli , Palmor Adi , Ravid Gilad , Sharon Avigdor , Tikotsky Ariel , Zirkel Yehuda
Published: July 2016

This chapter discusses the basic properties of corporate Wikis that make them an effective learning and knowledge management tool. Wikis offer a user-friendly environment that enhances informal knowledge sharing and the collaborative creation of new knowledge. Enterprise-wide adoption of Wikis promotes the reuse of existing know-hows and prevents employee re-invention of the wheel. Four cases of successful implementations of Wikis in large, hi-tech global organizations are described in detail including their goals, design considerations, implementation and actual use for formal and informal knowledge creation and sharing. The adoption and long-term sustainability of Wikis is attributed to perceived business outcomes by managers and to perceived usefulness and ease of use by individual contributors and users. Good practices based on one or more of these use-cases can provide practical guidance to organizations that wish to use a Wiki for KM purposes.
The Internet, Social Media, and Knowledge Production and Development of Political Marketing
Authors: Ahmad Nyarwi
Published: July 2016

Though the use and development of the Internet, World Wide Web and social media and their impacts on politics have been robustly investigated, specific attention has not yet been paid to explore the impact of adaptation and use of social media by political actors and organizations on the knowledge production and generation of political marketing. In order to fill this knowledge gap, a conceptual framework to explore modes of knowledge production and generation of political marketing has been proposed. The transcendental realism approach postulated by Bhaskar (1998, 2008) and the meta-theoretical assumptions of political marketing proposed by Henneberg (2008) were adopted. A content analysis of 320 articles of Journal of Political Marketing published in between 2002 and 2015 was carried out. This work reveals that the adaptation and use of the Internet and social media have been accounted for in producing and generating the operational or the rudimentary-conceptual or the established-conceptual knowledge of political marketing.
Managing Social Knowledge Management
Authors: Jha Ashish Kumar , Jain Varun
Published: July 2016

In a knowledge driven economy, the ability of a firm to grow and gain competitive advantage is defined by its ability to realize economic value from its knowledge assets. In one form or the other, firms have attempted to capitalize on the power of knowledge based economy. Multiple steps were taken by various firms to capture the knowledge and create knowledge bank in form of KM tools and other propriety media. Social media has provided firms with a very powerful tool to appropriate the benefits of such codified knowledge. Social media, in form of both public social network sites and propriety social media tools has enabled collaborative creation and storage of knowledge like never before in human history. Availability of these media has lowered the barrier of entry in a knowledge driven economy by democratizing collection and organization of knowledge. In this chapter, we present an exploratory framework to analyze the implications of use of various types of social media based KM tools on the firm's knowledge collection and sharing strategies.
The Role of Social Media in Knowledge Management
Authors: Shah Syed Afzal Moshadi , Amjad Shehla
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the importance of social media and theoretically link it with Knowledge Management (KM). A massive increase in social media usage around the world and its enhanced role in everyday life of employees offer enormous opportunities to businesses. One of the most important challenges that management faces in today's dynamic business environment is knowledge management. This becomes the key concern in professional service firms that are knowledge intensive in nature. The chapter discusses the association between social media and knowledge management. A theoretical model (SECI-SM) proposed by Shah, Khan, and Amjad (2013) is presented and discussed which is an extension of the seminal work of Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995). The model puts social media at the heart of knowledge management system and processes. It purports social media as an ideal vehicle for knowledge sharing and retaining. The chapter discusses the superiority of SECI-SM Model and lays out some useful suggestions for businesses.
Challenges of Knowledge Management amidst Rapidly Evolving Tools of Social Media
Authors: Chugh Ritesh , Joshi Mahesh
Published: July 2016

Social media technologies have been embraced by individuals and organizations on such a massive scale in the last decade that knowledge sharing and application has molded into a totally new paradigm. It has not only changed the social discourse of communication but also affected the knowledge management strategies of organizations. This raises quite a number of fundamental challenges out of which three are being dealt in this chapter. The first challenge is whether knowledge management has fully embraced social media as a channel of mass reach the way it did in case of other means of mass communication. The second one is the question of speed and extent of knowledge sharing in social media. The third challenge is whether social media strategy can provide a high advantage to smaller and newer companies in comparison to older but larger organizations. It is apparent that the commercial aspect of social media is easy for a tête-à-tête but difficult to articulate and design the right strategy because it needs a lot of refinements owing to inherent complexities in the process.
Social Media and Big Data
Authors: Jha Meena , Jha Sanjay , O'Brien Liam
Published: July 2016

The introduction of new and the evolution of existing social media technologies have enabled efficient and broader communication through online social interaction. Today consumers' thinking has shifted towards their trusted network for guidance rather than simply accepting what organisations tell them. With the advent of social interaction, knowledge management paradigms are being stretched beyond their ability to deliver useful results, which is forcing change within organisations globally. Using only transactional and internal data will result in mistaken conclusions or missed opportunities. Social media helps organisations acquire and manage massive amounts of data to better understand their customers, products, competition, and markets and make better decisions using Big Data solutions. These solutions enable organisations to decide on the basis of evidence rather than intuition. This chapter introduces Big Data, Big Data technologies used for capturing knowledge from social media and discusses Big Data Solutions for organizations.
Theoretical Concepts and Technical Aspects on Image Segmentation
Authors: Pankaj Anju , Ayyappan Sonal
Published: July 2016

Image segmentation is the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple segments (super pixels). Segmentation is typically used to locate objects and boundaries in images. The result of segmentation is a set of segments that collectively cover the entire image, or a set of contours extracted from the image. Each of the pixels in a region is similar with respect to some characteristic or computed property. Adjacent regions are significantly different with respect to the same characteristics. A predicate for measuring the evidence for a boundary between two regions using a graph-based representation of the image is defined. An important characteristic of the method is its ability to preserve detail in low-variability image regions and ignoring detail in high variability regions. This chapter discuss basic aspects of segmentation and an application and presents a detailed assessment on different methods in image segmentation and discusses a case study on it.
Time-Slot Based Intelligent Music Recommender in Indian Music
Authors: Chakrabarty Sudipta , Roy Samarjit , De Debashis
Published: July 2016

Music listening is one of the most common thing of human behaviors. Normally mobile music is downloaded to mobile phones and played by mobile phones. Today millennial people use mobile music in about all the age groups. Music recommendation system enhances personalized music classifications that create a profile with the service and build up a music library based on the choice preferences using mobile cloud services. Music recommendation through cloud is therefore an emerging field, and this can be done using various parameters like song genre similarity, human behavior, human mood, song rhythmic patterns, seasons etc. In this article an intelligent music recommender system that identifies the raga name of one particular song music and then mapping with the raga time database and classify the songs according to their playing time and create time slot based personalized music libraries.
Inside/Out
Authors: Lopes Maria Manuela
Published: July 2016

Technologies, for memory preservation and enhancement of our humane bodies, are developing at a fast pace, and the corresponding dystopic and utopic future scenarios are presented in speculative news reports, science research studies and popular culture such as science fiction films. Lopes' artistic/research projects explore ways of expanding concepts of memory, body, and representation/mediation, using art as a tool to enhance public awareness of several anxieties and technologies, raising ethical dilemmas and questioning norms of behavior and normality. This chapter is an exploration of the issues raised on the development of several artwork projects during the course of the author's PhD and present Postdoc research, when in residency at several Medical and Scientific Research Institutes, dealing with distinct studies on memory (functioning, loss and enhancement).
Neuroaesthetics
Authors: Contier Ana Teresa , Torres Laila
Published: July 2016

The aesthetic experience has been discussed throughout the history of mankind by philosophers and art historians, becoming a universal part of human experience, which leads us to some great interdisciplinary questions. It has been the subject of study by neuroscientists and neuro-psychologists since the 2000s. This recent evolution of neurology studies in the field of art, is due to in vivo brain imaging techniques, especially functional neuroimaging. Furthermore, recent research has provided evidence of cognitive interaction during the perception of an artwork indicating that the perceptual experience of art is not merely a passive one. This article reviews important studies in neuroaesthectics of visual art that point out that the aesthetic experience is related to the distribution in the neural architecture, suggesting the involvement of sensory-motor areas, emotional centers, reward system, memory and language.
Mixed Augmented Reality Systems for Real World Integration
Authors: N. R. Raajan , Kesavan Nandhini
Published: July 2016

Augmented Reality (AR) plays a vital role in the field of visual computing. AR is actually different but often confused to be the same is Virtual Reality (VR). While VR creates a whole new world, AR aims at designing an environment in real time with virtual components that are overlaid on the real components. Due to this reason, AR comes under the category of 'mixed reality'. AR could be viewed on any smart electronic gadgets like mobile, laptop, projector, tablet etc., AR could be broadly classified as Marker-based and Markerless. If it is marker-based, a pattern is used whereas in markerless system there is no need of it. In case of marker, if we show the pattern to a webcam it will get details about it and impose the object on the marker. We are incorporating a new efficient solution for integrating a virtual object on to a real world which can be very much handful for tourism and advertisement for showcasing objects or things. The ultimate goal is to augmenting the 3D video onto a real world on which it will increase the person's conceptual understanding of the subject.
Gesture Recognition
Authors: Kesavan Nandhini , N. R. Raajan
Published: July 2016

The main objective of gesture recognition is to promote the technology behind the automation of registered gesture with a fusion of multidimensional data in a versatile manner. To achieve this goal, computers should be able to visually recognize hand gestures from video input. However, vision-based hand tracking and gesture recognition is an extremely challenging problem due to the complexity of hand gestures, which are rich in diversities due to high degrees of freedom involved by the human hand. This would make the world a better place with for the commons not only to live in, but also to communicate with ease. This research work would serve as a pharos to researchers in the field of smart vision and would immensely help the society in a versatile manner.
Enhancing Quality of Service in Cloud Gaming System
Authors: Balusamy Balamurugan , Krishna P. Venkata , Aishwarya T.  , Thusitha M.  , Tamizh Arasi G. S.  , Karuppiah Marimuthu
Published: July 2016

In multi-player cloud gaming two or more people from different locations may actively participate in gaming as like they were in a similar geographical location. In such cases handling massive user inputs, performance rendering, bandwidth fluctuations, load balancing, data capturing, data transmission in real time still remains a cumbersome in cloud gaming. In this chapter, we propose a framework that overcomes the major issues associated with quality of service in cloud gaming. The cloud platform consists of two environments namely workbench and runtime environment, where the work bench environment comprises of tools like end user tools, data parsing tools and data integrity tools through which the user input is analyzed and sent to the run time environment for further processing. Each tool present at the cloud platform helps in achieving the quality factors through its functionalities. The user request is processed and the results will be sent to the clients through the runtime environment.
Humane Education
Authors: Kenski Cassandra M. , Falcone Jaclyn N.
Published: July 2016

The relationship between human and canine has long been a topic of interest, studied by many. It can be argued that the effect of a canine on their human is one of life's greatest and most impactful. Humane education recognizes this relationship and those of other animals in humans' lives. Humane education provides students with the background information necessary to properly treat animals, while simultaneously instilling a multitude of desired character traits that young people carry far into adult hood. During the 2014 and 2015 school year, an elementary school in The School District of Palm Beach County, Florida began implementing humane education in the classroom, as part of their environmental Green and School-wide Positive Behavior Support initiatives. Humane education curriculum implementation included visits from local author and President of The Little Blue Dog, a non-profit organization with humane treatment of animals at its core. A field trip to a Peggy Adams, a local, no-kill animal rescue was also provided for students in Grades 3rd and 4th, where students toured the facility and wrote haiku poetry about the pets that were up for adoption. Classrooms in Grades Pre-K through 5th were consistently exposed to topics and content pertaining to the proper care and treatment of animals, including critical character traits such as respect, empathy, responsibility, and kindness. As a result of the implementation of the humane education integration, the elementary school's student body further developed a culture in which the fore mentioned character traits (among others) were admired and adopted, creating a school environment in which respect and kindness were the expectation, and responsibility, a necessary must.
Preparing Future Physicians to Adapt to the Changing Health Care System
Authors: Drowos Joanna Lauren , Wood Sarah K
Published: July 2016

One vital goal of medical education is to promote the development of desirable professional qualities among future physicians, such as compassion, empathy, and humanism. Future physicians must finish their training prepared to meet the changing health needs of society, yet in reality many students graduate from medical school more cynical and less empathetic than when they began. During clinical clerkships, many students experience an “ethical erosion” as they transition in to real world clinical settings. Through innovative longitudinal integrated curricular designs focusing on continuity, medical students participate in the comprehensive care of patients over time and have continuous ongoing learning relationships with the responsible clinicians. As patients place increasing importance on the doctor-patient relationship, learning models that foster stronger connections between medical students and their patients, as well as with their teachers and communities, are needed in order to better prepare the next generation of physicians to serve a changing health care system.
The Role of Self-Efficacy and Aging in Managing Disease
Authors: Weiss-Randall Debra N.
Published: July 2016

In 1900, life expectancy in the U.S. was 47 years and infectious diseases were the leading cause of mortality; today, life expectancy in the U.S. is almost 80 years and chronic diseases are the leading causes of mortality. Eighty percent of adults 65 and older have multiple chronic health conditions, which are costly to treat. Offering older adults an evidence-based self-management program can reduce medical costs and improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Research has shown that self-efficacy is a key factor in effective self-management programs. The Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) is an evidence-based program that helps patients to boost their self-efficacy and improve their disease self-management, under the supervision of a physician. In addition, the use of evidence-based complementary modalities is recommended as part of an integrative approach to self-management to help patients manage the daily anger, fear, and depression that frequently accompany living with an incurable disease.
Stress and Its Relationship to Leadership and a Healthy Workplace Culture
Authors: Ross David B. , Exposito Julie A. , Kennedy Tom
Published: July 2016

Every organization needs to be driven by effective leaders. In higher education, many leadership courses are designed to transfer knowledge and critical thinking. Other professional development workshops, seminars, and conferences in leadership also offer leadership training and development to assist individuals to understand human capital, and create an organization free from toxicity. A toxic working environment can lead to low morale, disruption in productivity and motivation, high rate of absenteeism, individuals using sick days when they are not sick, cause emotional and physical health issues, and even submitting derailed projects beyond deadlines. When there is an upsurge of stress in the workplace within employees and administrators, the organization will struggle. Negative information dynamics affect health and contribute to stress. Stress management capacity is the ability to manage stress and is vital in the prevention of a negative impact of stress. Stress management can be improved for leaders and organizations.
'You're in FunDzaland': Pre-service teachers (re)imagine audience on a creative writing course
Authors: Mendelowitz Belinda
Published: July 2016

This study explores how collaborative writing for a digital platform can enable students to (re) imagine audience. Although in the context of process writing peer feedback is foreground, in practice, its effectiveness is uneven. The digital revolution offers new opportunities for alternative peer feedback through collaborative writing and re-imagining self and other in the process. This study examines data from a creative writing course in which pre-service teachers wrote collaborative short stories for the FunDza digital site and individual reflective essays about the process. The study’s research questions are the following: (1) what were the affordances of this multilayered audience for engaging the students’ imaginations? (2) How did this process of (re)imagining audience impact on students’ conceptions of themselves as writers? The data set comprised 16 collaboratively authored stories (published on the site) and 34 individual reflective essays. Six of the latter were selected for detailed analysis. Hence, the data for this study encompass detailed analysis of two groups’ reflective essays on the process of writing their stories. These groups were selected because they exemplified contrasting collaborative, imaginative writing processes. Group 1 was familiar with the FunDza audience and context, while Group 2 struggled to imagine it. Thematic content analysis was used for analysis. Each essay was read first in relation to the entire data set, then in relation to the other reflections in the author’s group. The combination of gearing stories towards the FunDza audience and writing stories collaboratively created two sets of audiences that writers needed to hold in mind simultaneously. Analysis indicates that both audiences challenged students to make imaginative leaps into the minds of an unfamiliar audience, deepening their understanding of the writing process. It also highlights students’ mastery of writing discourses and increasing awareness of the choices authors make for specific audiences. Theoretically, this study theorises audience in relation to imagination. A number of concepts have emerged from this research that may enable a more fine-tuned analysis of the audience – imagination nexus. Structured freedom is an important thread that connects the central concepts of audience, imagination and collaboration, foregrounding the idea that imaginative freedom needs to be understood and worked with in nuanced ways. While freedom and imagination are closely related, the provision of free pedagogic spaces with specific constraints in creative writing courses can be extremely productive, as illustrated by the data analysed in this study.
Imagination, Waldorf, and critical literacies: Possibilities for transformative education in mainstream schools
Authors: Shank Monica
Published: July 2016

In the face of transmission-oriented national curricula, this study explores possibilities for claiming space for imagination, as ‘the most powerful and energetic of learning tools’ (Egan 1986), in early childhood education in mainstream Kenyan schools. Drawing from Egan’s work on imagination and Cummins’ Nested Pedagogical Orientations framework, this study interrogates the indispensable role of imagination in transformative education, as well as its utility in the ‘transmission’ of the government curriculum. This study draws insights from an initiative integrating imaginative, Waldorf-inspired pedagogies into mainstream pre-primary and early primary classrooms to explore how imagination-based pedagogies, including storytelling, creative play, poems and verses, drawing and painting, can support the development of critical literacies in young children.
Perturbations of Multipliers of Systems of Periodic Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Berezansky Leonid , Gil’ Michael , Troib Liora
Published: July 2016

The paper deals with periodic systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). A new approach to the investigation of variations of multipliers under perturbations is suggested. It enables us to establish explicit conditions for the stability and instability of perturbed systems.
Investigation of HDD Ramp Unloading Processes with an Efficient Scheme
Authors: Liu Yan , Du Hejun
Published: July 2016

Ramp load/unload (L/UL) mechanisms are widely used to rest sliders in hard disk drives (HDDs). Loading/unloading a slider swiftly and smoothly is crucial in a HDD design. A novel, efficient simulation scheme is proposed to investigate the behaviors of a head disk interface (HDI) in ramp unloading processes. A dual scale model is enabled by decoupling the nano-meter scale change of an air bearing and the micro- or milli-meter scale deformation of a suspension. A modified Reynolds equation governing the air bearing was solved numerically. The slider design was characterized with performance functions. Three stages in an unloading process were analyzed with a lumped parameter suspension model. Key parameters for the model were estimated with a comprehensive finite element suspension model. Finally, simulation results are presented for a commercial HDI design.
Viscosity and Diffusion Effects at the Boundary Surface of Viscous Fluid and Thermoelastic Diffusive Solid Medium
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Kansal Tarun
Published: July 2016

This paper concentrates on the wave motion at the interface of viscous compressible fluid half-space and homogeneous isotropic, generalized thermoelastic diffusive half-space. The wave solutions in both the fluid and thermoelastic diffusive half-spaces have been investigated; and the complex dispersion equation of leaky Rayleigh wave motion have been derived. The phase velocity and attenuation coefficient of leaky Rayleigh waves have been computed from the complex dispersion equation by using the Muller’s method. The amplitudes of displacements, temperature change and concentration have been obtained. The effects of viscosity and diffusion on phase velocity and attenuation coefficient of leaky Rayleigh waves motion for different theories of thermoelastic diffusion have been depicted graphically. The magnitude of heat and mass diffusion flux vectors for different theories of thermoelastic diffusion have also been computed and represented graphically.
Investigation of Turbulent Transition in Plane Couette Flows Using Energy Gradient Method
Authors: Dou Hua-Shu , Khoo Boo Cheong
Published: July 2016

The energy gradient method has been proposed with the aim of better understanding the mechanism of flow transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow. In this method, it is demonstrated that the transition to turbulence depends on the relative magnitudes of the transverse gradient of the total mechanical energy which amplifies the disturbance and the energy loss from viscous friction which damps the disturbance, for given imposed disturbance. For a given flow geometry and fluid properties, when the maximum of the functionK(a function standing for the ratio of the gradient of total mechanical energy in the transverse direction to the rate of energy loss due to viscous friction in the streamwise direction) in the flow field is larger than a certain critical value, it is expected that instability would occur for some initial disturbances. In this paper, using the energy gradient analysis, the equation for calculating the energy gradient functionKfor plane Couette flow is derived. The result indicates thatKreaches the maximum at the moving walls. Thus, the fluid layer near the moving wall is the most dangerous position to generate initial oscillation at sufficient high Re for given same level of normalized perturbation in the domain. The critical value ofKat turbulent transition, which is observed from experiments, is about 370 for plane Couette flow when two walls move in opposite directions (anti-symmetry). This value is about the same as that for plane Poiseuille flow and pipe Poiseuille flow (385-389). Therefore, it is concluded that the critical value ofKat turbulent transition is about 370-389 for wall-bounded parallel shear flows which include both pressure (symmetrical case) and shear driven flows (anti-symmetrical case).
Effect of Ocean Iron Fertilization on the Phytoplankton Biological Carbon Pump
Authors: Pan Adam , Pourziaei Babak , Huang Huaxiong
Published: July 2016

It has been proposed that photosynthetic plankton can be used as a biological carbon pump tp absorb and sequester carbon dioxide in the ocean. In this paper, plankton population dynamics are simulated in a single stratified water column to predict carbon dioxide sequestering due to surface iron fertilization in deep ocean. Using a predator-prey model and realistic parameter values, iron fertilization was found to only cause temporary blooms up to 5 months in duration, and relatively small increases in adsorption of atmospheric CO2.
Mixed Convection Heat and Mass Transfer in a Micropolar Fluid with Soret and Dufour Effects
Authors: Srinivasacharya D. , RamReddy Ch.
Published: July 2016

A mathematical model for the steady, mixed convection heat and mass transfer along a semi-infinite vertical plate embedded in a micropolar fluid in the presence of Soret and Dufour effects is presented. The non-linear governing equations and their associated boundary conditions are initially cast into dimensionless forms using local similarity transformations. The resulting system of equations is then solved numerically using the Keller-box method. The numerical results are compared and found to be in good agreement with previously published results as special cases of the present investigation. The non-dimensional velocity, microrotation, temperature and concentration profiles are displayed graphically for different values of coupling number, Soret and Dufour numbers. In addition, the skin-friction coefficient, the Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown in a tabular form.
A Boundary Meshless Method for Solving Heat Transfer Problems Using the Fourier Transform
Authors: Tadeu A. , Chen C. S. , António J. , Simões Nuno
Published: July 2016

Fourier transform is applied to remove the time-dependent variable in the diffusion equation. Under non-harmonic initial conditions this gives rise to a non-homogeneous Helmholtz equation, which is solved by the method of fundamental solutions and the method of particular solutions. The particular solution of Helmholtz equation is available as shown in [4, 15]. The approximate solution in frequency domain is then inverted numerically using the inverse Fourier transform algorithm. Complex frequencies are used in order to avoid aliasing phenomena and to allow the computation of the static response. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for solving 2-D diffusion equations.
A Stabilized Finite Element Method for Non-Stationary Conduction-Convection Problems
Authors: Zhao Ke , He Yinnian , Zhang Tong
Published: July 2016

This paper is concerned with a stabilized finite element method based on two local Gauss integrations for the two-dimensional non-stationary conduction-convection equations by using the lowest equal-order pairs of finite elements. This method only offsets the discrete pressure space by the residual of the simple and symmetry term at element level in order to circumvent the inf-sup condition. The stability of the discrete scheme is derived under some regularity assumptions. Optimal error estimates are obtained by applying the standard Galerkin techniques. Finally, the numerical illustrations agree completely with the theoretical expectations.
Nonlinear Axisymmetric Deformation Model for Structures of Revolution
Authors: Mourad Ayman , Zaarour Jawad
Published: July 2016

An axisymmetric formulation for modeling three-dimensional deformation of structures of revolution is presented. The axisymmetric deformation model is described using the cylindrical coordinate system. Large displacement effects and material nonlinearities and anisotropy are accommodated by the formulation. Mathematical derivation of the formulation is given, and an example is presented to demonstrate the capabilities and efficiency of the technique compared to the full three-dimensional model.
Spectral Element Discretization of the Stokes Equations in Deformed Axisymmetric Geometries
Authors: Belhachmi Zakaria , Karageorghis Andreas
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we study the numerical solution of the Stokes system in deformed axisymmetric geometries. In the azimuthal direction the discretization is carried out by using truncated Fourier series, thus reducing the dimension of the problem. The resulting two-dimensional problems are discretized using the spectral element method which is based on the variational formulation in primitive variables. The meridian domain is subdivided into elements, in each of which the solution is approximated by truncated polynomial series. The results of numerical experiments for several geometries are presented.
A Simplified Neuronal Model for the Instigation and Propagation of Cortical Spreading Depression
Authors: Huang Huaxiong , Miura Robert M. , Yao Wei
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we construct a simplified neuronal model that is capable of simulating the instigation of cortical spreading depression (CSD) and propagation of a CSD wave. Our model is a simplification and extension of a single neuron model proposed in the literature for studying the instigation of CSD. Using the simplified neuronal model, we construct a network of these simplified neurons. This network model shows that the propagation of a CSD wave occurs naturally after it is instigated electrically or chemically. Although the model is simple, the speed of the CSD wave predicted by our model is consistent with experimentally observed values. Finally, our model allows us to investigate the effects of specific ion channels on the spread of a CSD wave.
The Modified Ghost Fluid Method Applied to Fluid-Elastic Structure Interaction
Authors: Liu Tiegang , Chowdhury A. W. , Khoo Boo Cheong
Published: July 2016

In this work, the modified ghost fluid method is developed to deal with 2D compressible fluid interacting with elastic solid in an Euler-Lagrange coupled system. In applying the modified Ghost Fluid Method to treat the fluid-elastic solid coupling, the Navier equations for elastic solid are cast into a system similar to the Euler equations but in Lagrangian coordinates. Furthermore, to take into account the influence of material deformation and nonlinear wave interaction at the interface, an Euler-Lagrange Riemann problem is constructed and solved approximately along the normal direction of the interface to predict the interfacial status and then define the ghost fluid and ghost solid states. Numerical tests are presented to verify the resultant method.
Mathematical Development and Verification of a Finite Volume Model for Morphodynamic Flow Applications
Authors: Benkhaldoun Fayssal , Seaïd Mohammed , Sahmim Slah
Published: July 2016

The accuracy and efficiency of a class of finite volume methods are investigated for numerical solution of morphodynamic problems in one space dimension. The governing equations consist of two components, namely a hydraulic part described by the shallow water equations and a sediment part described by the Exner equation. Based on different formulations of the morphodynamic equations, we propose a family of three finite volume methods. The numerical fluxes are reconstructed using a modified Roe’s scheme that incorporates, in its reconstruction, the sign of the Jacobian matrix in the morphodynamic system. A well-balanced discretization is used for the treatment of the source terms. The method is well-balanced, non-oscillatory and suitable for both slow and rapid interactions between hydraulic flow and sediment transport. The obtained results for several morphodynamic problems are considered to be representative, and might be helpful for a fair rating of finite volume solution schemes, particularly in long time computations.
Convergence of A Distributional Monte Carlo Method for the Boltzmann Equation
Authors: Schrock Christopher R. , Wood Aihua W.
Published: July 2016

Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) methods for the Boltzmann equation employ a point measure approximation to the distribution function, as simulated particles may possess only a single velocity. This representation limits the method to converge only weakly to the solution of the Boltzmann equation. Utilizing kernel density estimation we have developed a stochastic Boltzmann solver which possesses strong convergence for bounded and L∞solutions of the Boltzmann equation. This is facilitated by distributing the velocity of each simulated particle instead of using the point measure approximation inherent to DSMC. We propose that the development of a distributional method which incorporates distributed velocities in collision selection and modeling should improve convergence and potentially result in a substantial reduction of the variance in comparison to DSMC methods. Toward this end, we also report initial findings of modeling collisions distributionally using the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook collision operator.
The Collocation Method and the Splitting Extrapolation for the First Kind of Boundary Integral Equations on Polygonal Regions
Authors: Wang Li
Published: July 2016

In this paper, the collocation methods are used to solve the boundary integral equations of the first kind on the polygon. By means of Sidi’s periodic transformation and domain decomposition, the errors are proved to possess the multi-parameter asymptotic expansion at the interior point with the powers (i = 1,...,d), which means that the approximations of higher accuracy and a posteriori estimation of the errors can be obtained by splitting extrapolations. Numerical experiments are carried out to show that the methods are very efficient.