bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen‐Doped Nanoporous Carbon/Graphene Nano‐Sandwiches: Synthesis and Application for Efficient Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Wei Jing , Hu Yaoxin , Liang Yan , Kong Biao , Zhang Jin , Song Jingchao , Bao Qiaoliang , Simon George P. , Jiang San Ping , Wang Huanting
Published: August 2015

A zeolitic‐imidazolate‐framework (ZIF) nanocrystal layer‐protected carbonization route is developed to prepare N‐doped nanoporous carbon/graphene nano‐sandwiches. The ZIF/graphene oxide/ZIF sandwich‐like structure with ultrasmall ZIF nanocrystals (i.e., ≈20 nm) fully covering the graphene oxide (GO) is prepared via a homogenous nucleation followed by a uniform deposition and confined growth process. The uniform coating of ZIF nanocrystals on the GO layer can effectively inhibit the agglomeration of GO during high‐temperature treatment (800 °C). After carbonization and acid etching, N‐doped nanoporous carbon/graphene nanosheets are formed, with a high specific surface area (1170 m2 g−1). These N‐doped nanoporous carbon/graphene nanosheets are used as the nonprecious metal electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and exhibit a high onset potential (0.92 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode; RHE) and a large limiting current density (5.2 mA cm−2 at 0.60 V). To further increase the oxygen reduction performance, nanoporous Co‐Nx/carbon nanosheets are also prepared by using cobalt nitrate and zinc nitrate as cometal sources, which reveal higher onset potential (0.96 V) than both commercial Pt/C (0.94 V) and N‐doped nanoporous carbon/graphene nanosheets. Such nanoporous Co‐Nx/carbon nanosheets also exhibit good performance such as high activity, stability, and methanol tolerance in acidic media.
A High‐Power Symmetric Na‐Ion Pseudocapacitor
Authors: Jian Zelang , Raju Vadivukarasi , Li Zhifei , Xing Zhenyu , Hu Yong‐Sheng , Ji Xiulei
Published: August 2015

Batteries and supercapacitors are critical devices for electrical energy storage with wide applications from portable electronics to transportation and grid. However, rechargeable batteries are typically limited in power density, while supercapacitors suffer low energy density. Here, a novel symmetric Na‐ion pseudocapacitor with a power density exceeding 5.4 kW kg−1 at 11.7 A g−1, a cycling life retention of 64.5% after 10 000 cycles at 1.17 A g−1, and an energy density of 26 Wh kg−1 at 0.585 A g−1 is reported. Such a device operates on redox reactions occurring on both electrodes with an identical active material, viz., Na3V2(PO4)3 encapsulated inside nanoporous carbon. This device, in a full‐cell scale utilizing highly reversible and high‐rate Na‐ion intercalational pseudocapacitance, can bridge the performance gap between batteries and supercapacitors. The characteristics of the device and the potentially low‐cost production make it attractive for hybrid electric vehicles and low‐maintenance energy storage systems.
pH‐Responsive Round‐Way Motions of a Smart Device through Integrating Two Types of Chemical Actuators in One Smart System
Authors: Yu Lingling , Cheng Mengjiao , Song Mengmeng , Zhang Dequn , Xiao Meng , Shi Feng
Published: August 2015

Smart motions of objects from the submicrometer to millimeter scale through chemical control with stimulus‐responsive way are significant to achieve various applications. However, the intelligence of the current devices with chemical responding system remains to be improved; especially, achieving a round‐way motion is still a challenge. Therefore, two types of actuators are simultaneously integrated into single smart device at the opposite ends to achieve cooperated functions in an orderly manner. One actuator is the pH‐responsive power supply of hydrogen bubbles produced from the reaction between magnesium and HCl. The smart device undergoes on–off–on locomotion through control over the solution pH values by using the pH‐responsive actuator of magnesium–HCl system. The other actuator is the hydrogen peroxide‐responsive system of oxygen bubbles generated through the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by platinum aggregates. When introducing hydrogen peroxide solution into the system, the generated oxygen bubbles at the opposite end of the device to push the device backward for round‐way motions. For the first time, two different types of actuators are simultaneously integrated into single smart device without disturbing each other, which realize pH‐responsive round‐way motions of the smart device and improve the system intelligence for further applications.
Flexible Metal–Organic Frameworks: Recent Advances and Potential Applications
Authors: Chang Ze , Yang Dong‐Hui , Xu Jian , Hu Tong‐Liang , Bu Xian‐He
Published: August 2015

Flexible metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) receive much attention owing to their attractive properties that originate from their flexibility and dynamic behavior, and show great potential applications in many fields. Here, recent progress in the discovery, understanding, and property investigations of flexible MOFs are reviewed, and the examples of their potential applications in storage and separation, sensing, and guest capture and release are presented to highlight the developing trends in flexible MOFs.
Elaborately Designed Hierarchical Heterostructures Consisting of Carbon‐Coated TiO2(B) Nanosheets Decorated with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Remarkable Synergy in High‐Rate Lithium Storage
Authors: Xu Hao , Zhu Xiao‐Dong , Sun Ke‐Ning , Liu Yi‐Tao , Xie Xu‐Ming
Published: August 2015

The capacity and conductivity deficiencies of TiO2(B) are addressed simultaneously through a smart morphological and compositional design. Elaborately designed hierarchical heterostructures are reported, consisting of carbon‐coated TiO2(B) nanosheets decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, based on a facile self‐assembly strategy. The novel hierarchical heterostructures exhibit a remarkable synergy by bridging the intriguing functionalities of TiO2(B) nanosheets (high safety and durability), Fe3O4 nanoparticles (high theoretical capacity), and carbon coatings (high conductivity), which results in significantly improved cycle and rate performances. A startlingly high reversible capacity of 763 mA h g−1 is delivered at 500 mA g−1 after 200 charging−discharging cycles. Even when the current density is as high as 10 000 mA g−1, the reversible capacity is still up to 498 mA h g−1. This smart morphological and compositional design opens up new opportunities for developing novel, multifunctional hierarchical heterostructures as promising anode materials for next‐generation, high‐power lithium‐ion batteries.
Controllable Self‐Assembled Microstructures of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3:NiO Nanocomposite Thin Films and Their Tunable Functional Properties
Authors: Ning Xingkun , Wang Zhanjie , Zhang Zhidong
Published: August 2015

Two‐phase self‐assembled nanocomposite films have attracted increasing interest in recent years because of their potential applications in novel technological devices. However, tuning the physical properties by modulating the microstructure of self‐assembled nanocomposite films is still a challenge. In this study, epitaxial La0.7Ca0.3MnO3:NiO nanocomposite films are synthesized by pulsed laser deposition. In the composite films with a NiO ratio of 50%, microstructures with nanomultilayer, nanogranular, and nanocolumnar characteristics are successfully obtained by using different growth modes. The metal–insulator transition and magnetic transition can be separately modulated by tuning the microstructures. By precisely modulating the microstructure, a significantly enhanced low‐field magnetoresistance (>80% at a magnetic field of 1 T) with an unusual plateau in the temperature interval from 10 to 110 K is realized in these films, which is expected to be applicable in field‐sensor devices that can be operated in a wide temperature range.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of Polysubstituted Cyclopropane Derivatives from N‐Tosylhydrazones and their Cytotoxic Activities
Authors: Lawson Marie , Bignon Jérôme , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Hamze Abdallah , Alami Mouad
Published: August 2015

We describe a general method for metal‐free cyclopropanation of different electron‐deficient olefins with N‐tosylhydrazones as a source of diazo compounds. This method works with N‐tosylhydrazones derived from acetophenones or benzophenones. This reaction is carried out in the presence of LiOtBu as a base to generate diazo species in situ. This method is compatible with various electron‐donating or electron‐withdrawing substituents and allows us to obtain a large library of functionalized tetrasubstituted cyclopropanes. Furthermore, we have used this method to synthesize isocombretastatine A4 analogues, which have submicromolar cytotoxicity against HCT‐116 cell lines.
[Cr(ddpd)2]3+: ein molekulares, wasserlösliches, hoch NIR‐lumineszentes Rubin‐Analogon
Authors: Otto Sven , Grabolle Markus , Förster Christoph , Kreitner Christoph , Resch‐Genger Ute , Heinze Katja
Published: August 2015

Intensive, langlebige Lumineszenz von Metallkomplexen der ersten Übergangsmetallreihe ist sehr schwer zu erreichen. Wir stellen hier eine neue, auf rationaler Einstellung der beteiligten Energieniveaus basierende Strategie vor. Mithilfe des großen N‐Cr‐N Bisswinkels des dreizähnigen Liganden ddpd (N,N′‐Dimethyl‐N,N′‐dipyridin‐2‐ylpyridin‐2,6‐diamin) und seiner ausgeprägten σ‐Donoreigenschaften wird eine sehr große Ligandenfeldaufspaltung im Chrom(III)‐Komplex [Cr(ddpd)2]3+ erzielt. Dies hebt die Energie des desaktivierenden 4T2‐Zustands deutlich über die des emittierenden 2E‐Zustands. Das so vermiedene Rück‐ISC aus dem 2E‐ in den 4T2‐Zustand in diesem 3d‐Metallkomplex ermöglicht außerordentlich hohe Phosphoreszenzquantenausbeuten und Lebensdauern im nahen Infrarotbereich. Der Komplex [Cr(ddpd)2](BF4)3 ist gut wasserlöslich, sehr stabil gegenüber thermischen und photoinduzierten Substitutionsreaktionen und kann für Fluoreszenzintensitäts‐ und lebensdauer basierte O2‐Detektion im NIR verwendet werden.
Template Synthesis of Linear‐Chain Nanodiamonds Inside Carbon Nanotubes from Bridgehead‐Halogenated Diamantane Precursors
Authors: Nakanishi Yusuke , Omachi Haruka , Fokina Natalie A. , Schreiner Peter R. , Kitaura Ryo , Dahl Jeremy E. P. , Carlson Robert M. K. , Shinohara Hisanori
Published: August 2015

A simple method for the synthesis of linear‐chain diamond‐like nanomaterials, so‐called diamantane polymers, is described. This synthetic approach is primarily based on a template reaction of dihalogen‐substituted diamantane precursors in the hollow cavities of carbon nanotubes. Under high vacuum and in the presence of Fe nanocatalyst particles, the dehalogenated radical intermediates spontaneously form linear polymer chains within the carbon nanotubes. Transmission electron microscopy reveals the formation of well‐aligned linear polymers. We expect that the present template‐based approach will enable the synthesis of a diverse range of linear‐chain polymers by choosing various precursor molecules. The present technique may offer a new strategy for the design and synthesis of one‐dimensional nanomaterials.
The Influence of Cu3(BTC)2 metal organic framework on the permeability and perm‐selectivity of PLLA‐MOF mixed matrix membranes
Authors: Kathuria Ajay , Al‐Ghamdi Saleh , Abiad Mohamad G. , Auras Rafael
Published: August 2015

Poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) ‐ 20% (w/w) and Cu3(BTC)2 metal organic framework (MOF) based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were fabricated by a vertical corotating twin screw microcompounder followed by an injection molding process. Water vapor, CO2, O2, and selected aroma mass transfer properties of PLLA and PLLA MMMs were evaluated. The CO2/O2 perm‐selectivity of PLLA (αCO2/O2) MMMs increased from 7.6 to 10.3 with the incorporation of 20% Cu3(BTC)2 MOF. Gravimetric permeability studies of trans‐2‐hexenal performed at 23°C and 50% RH indicated that permeability coefficient of PLLA MMMs increased by around 60% as compared to regular PLLA film. However, no changes in mass transfer rates were observed for acetaldehyde. Furthermore, the thermal processing parameters as well as the presence of MOF did not show any significant effect on the molecular weight of the PLLA matrix nor on the crystalline structure of the Cu3(BTC)2 MOF, which was confirmed by both gel permeation chromatography and X‐ray diffraction studies. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42764.
Synthesis of a novel phosphonate flame retardant and its application in epoxy resins
Authors: Li Yang , Zheng Hongbing , Xu Miaojun , Li Bin , Lai Tao
Published: August 2015

A novel phosphonate flame retardant additive bis(2,6‐dimethyphenyl) phenylphosphonate (BDMPP) was synthesized from phenylphosphonic dichloride and 2,6‐dimethyl phenol, and its chemical structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance. The prepared BDMPP and curing agent m‐phenylenediamine were blended into epoxy resins (EP) to prepare flame retardant EP thermosets. The effect of BDMPP on fire retardancy and thermal degradation behavior of EP/BDMPP thermosets was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL‐94), cone calorimeter and thermalgravimetric analysis (TGA). The morphologies of char residues of the EP thermosets were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the water resistant properties of thermosets were evaluated by putting the samples into distilled water at 70°C for 168 h. The results demonstrated that the cured EP/14 wt % BDMPP composites with the phosphorus content of 1.11 wt % successfully passed UL‐94 V‐0 flammability rating and the LOI value was as high as 33.8%. The TGA results indicated that the introduction of BDMPP promoted EP matrix decomposed ahead of time compared with that of pure EP and led to a higher char yield at high temperature. The incorporation of BDMPP enhanced the mechanical properties and reduced the moisture absorption of EP thermosets. The morphological structures of char residue revealed that BDMPP benefited to the formation of a more compact and homogeneous char layer on the materials surface during burning, which prevented the heat transmission and diffusion, limit the production of combustible gases and then lead to the reduction of the heat release rate. After water resistance tests, EP/BDMPP thermosets still remained excellent flame retardancy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42765.
Effects of poly(dimethyl siloxane) on the water absorption and natural degradation of poly(lactic acid)/oil‐palm empty‐fruit‐bunch fiber biocomposites
Authors: Akindoyo John Olabode , Beg Mohammad Dalour Hossen , Ghazali Suriati , Islam Muhammad Remanul
Published: August 2015

Composites were fabricated with poly(lactic acid) and oil‐palm empty‐fruit‐bunch (EFB) fibers with extrusion; this was followed by an injection‐molding technique. Before compounding, the surface of the fiber was modified through ultrasound and poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS). The influences of the ultrasound and PDMS on the water absorption and biodegradability of the composites were investigated. Additionally, the composites were buried under soil for 6 months, and their biodegradability was assessed through different characterization techniques, such as tensile testing and weight loss and diffussability measurement. The changes on the surface of the fibers due to treatment were examined by scanning electron microscopy analysis, and the influences on the biodegradability of the composites were observed. Functional group analysis and possible changes before and after degradation were also examined by a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometric technique. The results analyses revealed that the treatment of fibers improved the density of the fibers and reduced the water uptake of the composites. The overall weight loss due to soil burial testing was found to be maximum for the untreated‐fiber‐based composites (6.8%), whereas the ultrasound‐ and silane‐treated composites showed the minimum value of weight loss (3.7%). The deterioration of the tensile strength due to degradation was found to be at a maximum for the untreated‐fiber‐based composite (27%), whereas the ultrasound‐ and silane‐treated‐fiber‐based composites showed a minimum value of 8%. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42784.
Use of the 2‐chlorotrityl chloride resin for microwave‐assisted solid phase peptide synthesis
Authors: Ieronymaki Matthaia , Androutsou Maria Eleni , Pantelia Anna , Friligou Irene , Crisp Molly , High Kirsty , Penkman Kirsty , Gatos Dimitrios , Tselios Theodore
Published: August 2015

A fast and efficient microwave (MW)‐assisted solid‐phase peptide synthesis protocol using the 2‐chlorotrityl chloride resin and the Fmoc/tBu methodology, has been developed. The established protocol combines the advantages of MW irradiation and the acid labile 2‐chlorotrityl chloride resin. The effect of temperature during the MW irradiation, the degree of resin substitution during the coupling of the first amino acids and the rate of racemization for each amino acid were evaluated. The suggested solid phase methodology is applicable for orthogonal peptide synthesis and for the synthesis of cyclic peptides. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 104: 506–514, 2015.
A combined cheminformatic and bioinformatic approach to address the proteolytic stability challenge in peptide‐based drug discovery
Authors: Bayden Alexander S. , Gomez Edwin F. , Audie Joseph , Chakravorty Dhruva K. , Diller David J.
Published: August 2015

We have created models to predict cleavage sites for several human proteases including caspase‐1, caspase‐3, caspase‐6, caspase‐7, cathepsin B, cathepsin D, cathepsin G, cathepsin K, cathepsin L, elastase‐2, granzyme A, granzyme B, matrix metallopeptidase‐2 (MMP2), MMP7, MMP9, thrombin, and trypsin‐1. Rather than representing the sequence pattern around the potential cleavage site through a series of flags with each flag representing one of the 20 standard amino acids, we first represent each amino acid by its calculated properties. For these calculated properties, we use validated cheminformatic descriptors, such as molecular weight, logP, and polar surface area, of the individual amino acids. Finally, the cleavage site‐specific descriptors are calculated through various combinations of the individual amino acid descriptors for the residues surrounding the cleavage site. Some of these combinations do not take into account the location of the residue, as long as it is in a prescribed neighborhood of the potential cleavage site, whereas others are sensitive to the precise order of the residues in the sequence. The key advantage of this approach is that it allows one to perform meaningful calculations with nonstandard amino acids for which little or no data exists. Finally, using both docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we examine the potential for and limitations of protease crystal structures to impact the design of proteolytically stable peptides. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 104: 775–789, 2015.
Simple and Sensitive Fluorescence Assay of Restriction Endonuclease on Graphene Oxide
Authors: Gang Jongback
Published: August 2015

Restriction endonucleases hydrolyze internal phosphodiester bonds at specific sites in a DNA sequence. These enzymes are essential in a variety of fields, such as biotechnology and clinical diagnostics. It is of great importance and necessity for the scientific and biomedical use of enzymes to measure endonuclease activity. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) has been used as a platform to measure enzyme activity with high sensitivity. To increase the detection sensitivity of Hinf I, the endonuclease‐digested reaction was treated with exonuclease III (Exo III) and a fluorescence assay was conducted to measure the emission. Results showed that Exo III treatment enhanced 2.7‐fold signal‐to‐background ratio for the detection of Hinf I compared with that done without Exo III in the presence of GO.
Relationships between structure, ionization profile and sensitivity of exogenous anabolic steroids under electrospray ionization and analysis in human urine using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Cha Eunju , Kim Sohee , Kim Hee Won , Lee Kang Mi , Kim Ho Jun , Kwon Oh‐Seung , Lee Jaeick
Published: August 2015

The relationships between the ionization profile, sensitivity, and structures of 64 exogenous anabolic steroids (groups I–IV) was investigated under electrospray ionization (ESI) conditions. The target analytes were ionized as [M + H]+ or [M + H–nH2O]+ in the positive mode, and these ions were used as precursor ions for selected reaction monitoring analysis. The collision energy and Q3 ions were optimized based on the sensitivity and selectivity. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.05–20 ng/mL for the 64 steroids. The LODs for 38 compounds, 14 compounds and 12 compounds were in the range of 0.05–1, 2–5 and 10–20 ng/mL, respectively. Steroids including the conjugated keto‐functional group at C3 showed good proton affinity and stability, and generated the [M + H]+ ion as the most abundant precursor ion. In addition, the LODs of steroids using the [M + H]+ ion as the precursor ion were mostly distributed at low concentrations. In contrast, steroids containing conjugated/unconjugated hydroxyl functional groups at C3 generated [M + H − H2O]+ or [M + H − 2H2O]+ ions, and these steroids showed relatively high LODs owing to poor stability and multiple ion formation. An LC‐MS/MS method based on the present ionization profile was developed and validated for the determination of 78 steroids (groups I–V) in human urine. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of mequitazine in human plasma by gas chromatography– quadrupole mass spectrometry and its application to a human pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Ahn Sung‐Hoon , Maeng Han‐Joo
Published: August 2015

A specific and sensitive gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) with quadrupole mass analyzer type was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of mequitazine in human plasma. After liquid–liquid extraction of plasma samples containing mequitazine and promethazine (internal standard, IS) using hexane with pH adjustment, the extract was evaporated and an aliquot of reconstituted residue was injected into the GC‐MS system. The assay showed linearity over a concentration range from 1 to 50 ng/mL. Intra‐ and inter‐day precision for mequitazine was <9.09 and 9.29%, respectively, and intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy ranged from −7.97 to 9.05% and from −1.51 to 7.89%, respectively. The lower limit of quantification was 1 ng/mL in the present assay. The developed analytical method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after a single oral administration of mequitazine in human subjects. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The difference between blood‐associated and water‐associated herbs of Danggui‐Shaoyao San in theory of TCM, based on serum pharmacochemistry
Authors: Wang Yunlai , Li Guoqiang , Zhou Yu , Yin Dengke , Tao Chunlei , Han Lan , Yue Xiaoli , Pan Yongfu , Yao Yao , Peng Daiyin , Xu Fan
Published: August 2015

Danggui‐Shaoyao San (DSS) is a famous Chinese formula for activating blood circulation and promoting urination. This study was to investigate the difference of material basis between a blood‐associated herbs group and a water‐associated herbs group. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the formula can be divided into a blood‐associated herbs group (Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora and Ligusticum chuanxiong) and a water‐associated herbs group (Atractylodes macrocephala, Alisma orientale and Poria cocos). The HPLC fingerprint of the formula was established for quality control. Serum samples from rats, orally administrated DSS, and the decomposed recipes of DSS, were analyzed by HPLC‐DAD and the transitional blood components of DSS were identified. Twenty‐one common peaks were identified in the fingerprint of DSS. Contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, ferulic acid and alisol B 23‐acetate in co‐decoction were significantly higher than those in individual decoction. Eleven peaks belonged to the blood‐associated herbs group (four metabolites and seven prototype components; paeoniflorin and ferulic acid appeared in prototype components), whereas six peaks belonged to the water‐associated herbs group (three metabolites and three prototype components). It was concluded that the serum pharmacochemistry is a meaningful approach for clarifying the difference between blood‐associated and water‐associated herbs in chemical composition. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of 2D WO3 Nanomaterials with Enhanced Catalytic Activities: Current Status and Perspective
Authors: Wang Jiajun , Liu Chang‐jun
Published: August 2015

2D WO3 nanomaterials have shown specific morphology, unique optical and electronic properties due to their decreasing dimension. Therefore, the preparation of 2D WO3 nanomaterials becomes extremely important. Hydrothermal and solvothermal methods are the frequently applied methods, which can realize a large amount of productions. Other preparation methods, such as cold plasma, exfoliation, and the solid‐liquid phase arc discharge (SLPAD) route, have also shown various improvements in reducing the thickness, size control or in a simple and easy fabrication with use of fewer chemicals. When used as supporting materials, 2D WO3 nanolamella significantly promote the dispersion of noble metals, improve the metal‐support interaction and increase the electron density of Pt. Besides, the 2D nanostructure can increase the charge‐carrier transfer rate, decrease the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, alter their photoabsorption properties and lead to higher specific surface area. These advantages effectively promote their optical properties and photocatalytic activity.
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (ECAM1) is required in the maintenance of corneal epithelial barrier integrity
Authors: Zhou Jinzi , Jiang Jian , Wang Shuhong , Xia Xiaobo
Published: August 2015

Corneal epithelial barrier integrity is critical in the maintenance of the corneal homeostasis. The corneal barrier dysfunction may be associated with the pathogenesis of a number of eye diseases. In this study, we assessed the expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (ECAM1) in human corneal epithelial cells (HCE). The epithelial barrier function of the corneal epithelial monolayer was determined in Transwells. We found that the HCE cells expressed ECAM1. Knockdown of ECAM1 markedly compromised the HCE monolayer barrier function. A complex of ECAM1, claudin1, and occludin was detected in the HCE monolayers, which was not detected in the ECAM1‐null HCE monolayers. Exposure to the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin‐13, inhibited the expression of ECAM1 in HCE cells and compromised the barrier function, which was prevented in the HCE monolayer with the ECAM1 overexpression. In conclusion, ECAM1 is required in the formation of the tight junction complex and maintaining the corneal epithelial barrier function.
Clinical outcomes of real‐world patients treated with an amphilimus polymer‐free stent versus new generation everolimus‐eluting stents
Authors: Panoulas Vasileios F. , Latib Azeem , Naim Charbel , Sato Katsumasa , Ielasi Alfonso , Tespili Maurizio , Godino Cosmo , Testa Luca , Bedogni Francesco , Colombo Antonio
Published: August 2015

Objectives/Background

To compare the 1‐year clinical outcomes after implantation of the amphilimus, polymer‐free stent (Cre8) versus new generation everolimus‐eluting stents (EESs) in a real‐world patient registry.

Methods

A total of 187 consecutive patients treated with Cre8 between January 2011 and August 2013 in four Italian centers were included. These were propensity matched with 150 patients treated with new generation EES during the same period. Primary outcome was 1‐year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as all‐cause death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization.

Results

Both groups had similar baseline characteristics, including diabetes (28% Cre8 vs. 27.3% EES, P = 0.972) and previous percutaneous coronary intervention (56% Cre8 vs. 58% EES, P = 0.726). There was a higher prevalence of B2/C lesions in the EES group (70.1% vs. 83.8%, P < 0.001). Total stent length per patient was similar. There were no significant differences in 1‐year estimated MACE (7.4% Cre8 vs. 10.2% EES, P = 0.261), all‐cause mortality (1.3% Cre8 vs. 1.4% EES, P = 0.823), target vessel revascularization (5.2% Cre8 vs. 8.8% EES, P = 0.169), and target lesion revascularization (3% Cre8 vs. 7.4% EES, P = 0.108) between the two groups. When adjusting for differences in baseline lesion characteristics, hazard ratioCre8/EES for MACE was not significantly different between the two groups (0.75, 95% confidence interval 0.37–1.53, Pnoninferiority = 0.001, Psuperiority = 0.432). In patients with diabetes (Cre8, n = 42; EEE, n = 41), 1‐year target lesion revascularization was 2.5% in the Cre8 group versus 14.6% in the EES group (P = 0.056).

Conclusions

In a “real‐world” patient registry, the Cre8 stent is associated with noninferior 1‐year MACE rates compared with that of new generation EES. Trends of superior efficacy in patients with diabetes treated with Cre8 require further investigation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term survival and preprocedural predictors of mortality in high surgical risk patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valve repair
Authors: Triantafyllis Andreas S. , Kortlandt Friso , Bakker Annelies L.M. , Swaans Martin J. , Eefting Frank D. , van der Heyden Jan A.S. , Post Martijn C. , Rensing Benno W.J.M.
Published: August 2015

Objectives

To evaluate long‐term survival in high surgical risk patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valve repair (MVR) using the MitraClip® system and to identify preprocedural predictors of long‐term mortality.

Background

Data for long‐term survival and preprocedural predictors of mortality after percutaneous MVR in high surgical risk patients are sporadic.

Methods

From January 2009 to April 2013, 136 consecutive high surgical risk patients, with symptomatic moderate‐to‐severe or severe mitral regurgitation (MR), underwent percutaneous MVR using the MitraClip system. Cardiac and overall survival was determined at one and 2 years postprocedure. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify preprocedural predictors of long‐term mortality.

Results

One year postprocedure, cardiac and overall survival was 86.7% and 84.6%, respectively and at 2 years cardiac and overall survival was 77.7% and 74.8%, respectively. In univariate analysis advanced age, lower body mass index, impaired renal function, elevated levels of log‐N‐terminal‐pro‐brain‐natriuretic‐peptide (log‐NTproBNP), poor performance in functional tests (New York Heart Association (NYHA) class) and high logistic Euroscore (LES) and Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score were identified as preprocedural predictors of long‐term cardiac mortality. In multivariate analysis preoperative NYHA class III and IV, elevated levels of log‐NTproBNP and advanced age predicted long‐term cardiac mortality.

Conclusions

Percutaneous MVR using the MitraClip system has favorable long‐term survival rates in high surgical risk patients. Preprocedural NYHA functional class III and IV, elevated log‐NTproBNP levels and advanced age predict higher long‐term cardiac mortality and should be considered during patient selection. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Safety and feasibility of local myocardial hypothermia
Authors: Otterspoor Luuk C. , van't Veer Marcel , van Nunen Lokien X. , Wijnbergen Inge , Tonino Pim A.L. , Pijls Nico H.J.
Published: August 2015

Background

In ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), reduction in time to reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery reduces infarct size. In animal models, an additional reduction of infarct size was observed when hypothermia was induced before reperfusion, despite a longer ischemic time. However, several human studies did not corroborate this positive effect, which is believed to be in part due to the inability of systemic induced hypothermia to induce sufficient decrease of local myocardial temperature before reperfusion. Providing rapid local myocardial hypothermia by intracoronary infusion of saline before reperfusion in patients with STEMI may overcome this problem. In this study, we evaluate the safety and feasibility of providing rapid intracoronary myocardial hypothermia in patients undergoing intracoronary blood flow measurements based on thermodilution with continuous infusion of saline at room temperature.

Methods and Results

In 53 patients with stable angina (SA) and 20 patients with STEMI, a total of 215 measurements were performed. The measurements consisted of continuous selective intracoronary infusion of saline at room temperature with rates between 10 ml/min and 30 ml/min. Temperature changes compared to initial blood temperature (Tb) were measured at the tip of the infusion catheter (Ti) and distally in the coronary artery (Td). In patients with SA, Ti was −5.65 ± 1.41°C (range −9.27 to −2.28) and Td was −0.78 ± 0.51°C (range −3.27 to −0.23°C). In patients with STEMI, Ti was −7.45 ± 0.51°C (range −8.21 to −6.56) and Td was −1.37 ± 0.82°C (range −4.62 to −0.74°C). In all patients, steady‐state intracoronary hypothermia was achieved within 15 sec and could be maintained without noticeable complications.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of inducing intracoronary hypothermia by selective infusion of saline at room temperature in patients with SA and STEMI. Steady‐state hypothermia could be achieved and maintained quickly, easily, and safely using common PCI techniques. Therefore, our findings warrant further studies to the use of intracoronary hypothermia to enhance myocardial salvage in acute myocardial infarction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Implantation of everolimus‐eluting bioresorbable scaffolds in a diabetic all‐comers population
Authors: Wiebe Jens , Gilbert Florian , Dörr Oliver , Liebetrau Christoph , Wilkens Eva , Bauer Timm , Elsässer Albrecht , Möllmann Helge , Hamm Christian W. , Nef Holger M.
Published: August 2015

Background

Diabetes is associated with aggressive atherosclerosis, leading to an increased risk of in‐stent restenosis and stent thrombosis. Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) are a new technology for the treatment of coronary lesions that might be beneficial due to their dissolving character, especially in diabetic patients.

Objective

This study was designed to evaluate feasibility and mid‐term clinical outcome of the implantation of PLLA‐based, everolimus‐eluting BRS for the treatment of coronary lesions in a diabetic all‐comers population.

Methods

All patients of an all‐comers registry with diabetes eligible for BRS implantation were included. Outcome parameters were target vessel failure (TVF), major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including target lesion revascularization (TLR), cardiac death, and myocardial infarction. Follow‐up was conducted via telephone and/or office visit.

Results

A total of 120 diabetic patients were included. Of all diabetics, 35.0% had insulin‐dependent diabetes, and all other patients were treated with oral antidiabetics or dietary modification. The median age was 67 (59–72) years and 26.7% were female. Patients underwent coronary angiography due to acute coronary syndrome in 50.8%. Of 127 lesions, 60.6% were B2/C lesions according to ACC/AHA classification. The 6‐month rates of TVF, TLR, and MACE were 8.9, 2.7, and 8.4%, respectively.

Conclusion

This evaluation confirms reasonable clinical outcome of bioresorbable vascular scaffold implantation in a high‐risk diabetic population with predominately complex lesions during daily clinical practice. Nevertheless, long‐term data are required for final evaluation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Two problems and a single solution: Covered stent implantation to close an anterograde pulmonary flow and treat hypoplastic left pulmonary artery after Fontan operation
Authors: Butera Gianfranco , Taha Fatma
Published: August 2015

Several issues may impact on the function of a Fontan circulation including accessory source of pulmonary blood flow and pulmonary artery anatomy. Here we report on a 5.5‐year‐old boy who showed failing Fontan circulation due to left pulmonary artery stenosis/hypoplasia and significant forward pulmonary blood flow through the native pulmonary artery. Successful implantation of a 34‐mm CP covered stent in the left pulmonary artery in a Fontan patient was useful for simultaneous successful treatment of residual antegrade flow from the systemic ventricle to the pulmonary artery and enlargement of hypoplastic left pulmonary artery. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reactivity of a Zn(Cys)2(His)2 Zinc Finger with Singlet Oxygen: Oxidation Directed toward Cysteines but not Histidines
Authors: Lebrun Vincent , Tron Arnaud , Lebrun Colette , Latour Jean‐Marc , McClenaghan Nathan D. , Sénèque Olivier
Published: August 2015

Singlet oxygen (1O2) is an important reactive oxygen species in biology that has deleterious effects. Proteins constitute the main target of 1O2 in cells. Several organisms are able to mount a transcriptional defense against 1O2. ChrR and MBS are two proteins with Zn(Cys)2(His)2 zinc finger sites that are involved in the regulation of the defense against 1O2. In this article, we investigate the reactivity of Zn⋅CPF, a Zn(Cys)2(His)2 classical ββα zinc finger, with 1O2. We show that Zn⋅CPF interacts with 1O2 mainly by physical quenching using a combination of 1O2 luminescence quenching and kinetic competition experiments. The chemical reaction, which accounts for 5 % of the interaction, leads to oxidation of cysteines but not histidines. Primary photooxidation products, identified by HPLC and mass spectrometry, are sulfinate (75±5 %) and disulfides (25±5 %). The peptides that have a single cysteine thiolate oxidized into a sulfinate are still able to bind one equivalent Zn2+ but with a dramatic reduction of the binding constant compared to Zn⋅CPF despite the preservation of the ββα fold, as shown by NMR and CD titrations. Finally, Zn⋅CPF is compared to Zn⋅LTC, a treble clef Zn(Cys)4 zinc finger, to gain further insight into the behavior of zinc fingers toward 1O2.
Two Pseudopolymorphic Star‐Shaped Tetranuclear Co3+Compounds with Disulfide Anions Exhibiting Two Different Connection Modes and Promising Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Pienack Nicole , Lühmann Henning , Djamil John , Permien Stefan , Näther Christian , Haumann Sebastian , Weihrich Richard , Bensch Wolfgang
Published: August 2015

The compound [Co4(C6H14N2)4(μ4‐S2)2(μ2‐S2)4] (I) and the pseudo‐polymorph [Co4(C6H14N2)4(μ4‐S2)2(μ2‐S2)4]⋅4 H2O (II) were obtained under solvothermal conditions (C6H14N2=trans‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane). The structures feature S22−ions exhibiting two different coordination modes. Terminal S22−entities join two Co3+centres in a μ2fashion, whereas the central S22−groups connect four Co3+cations in a μ4‐ coordination mode. CompoundIIcan be transformed into compoundIby heat and storage over P2O5and storing compoundIin humid air yields in the formation of compoundII. The intermolecular interactions investigated through Hirshfeld surface analysis reveal that besides S⋅⋅⋅H bonding close contacts are associated with relatively weak H⋅⋅⋅H interactions. A detailed DFT analysis of the bonding situation explains the long SS bonds in the μ4‐bridging S22−units and the short bonds for the S22−moieties in the μ2‐connecting mode. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution experiments demonstrate the potential of compoundIIas catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Revisiting the Solution Structure of Ceric Ammonium Nitrate.
Authors: Demars Thomas J. , Bera Mrinal K. , Seifert Soenke , Antonio Mark R. , Ellis Ross J.
Published: August 2015

Synchrotron X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, XANES, EXAFS, and Raman spectroscopy indicate that aq.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Pentapotassium Dihydrogen Nonavanadato(V)platinate(IV) Nonahydrate.
Authors: Joo Hea‐Chung , Lee Uk
Published: August 2015

K5 [H2PtV9O28]·9H2O crystallizes in the triclinic space group P$\bar 1$ with Z = 2 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Irreversible endo‐Selective Diels—Alder Reactions of Substituted Alkoxyfurans: A General Synthesis of endo‐Cantharimides.
Authors: Foster Robert W. , Benhamou Laure , Porter Michael J. , Bucar Dejan‐Kresimir , Hailes Helen C. , Tame Christopher J. , Sheppard Tom D.
Published: August 2015

Cycloaddition of 3‐alkoxyfurans with N‐substituted maleimides provides the first general route towards endo‐cantharimide analogs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Nanoparticles on Cellulose/H2O—CH3CN/Microwave: A Green System for the Selective Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes.
Authors: Baruah Diganta , Saikia Ujwal Pratim , Pahari Pallab , Konwar Dilip
Published: August 2015

An inexpensive and environment friendly green reusable heterogeneous catalytic system copper nanoparticles on cellulose template/H2O—CH3CN/microwave which oxidizes benzylic alcohols, cinnamyl alcohols, and heteroarylalcohols to the corresponding aldehydes in very short reaction time is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanium‐Catalyzed Reductive Umpolung Reactions with a Metal‐Free Terminal Reducing Agent.
Authors: Frey Georg , Hausmann J. Niklas , Streuff Jan
Published: August 2015

A new method for Ti‐catalyzed reductive umpolung reactions is reported that overcomes the traditional requirement for a stoichiometric metallic reductant.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed C—H Arylations with Weakly‐Coordinating Amides and Tetrazoles: Expedient Route to Angiotensin‐II‐Receptor Blockers.
Authors: Li Jie , Ackermann Lutz
Published: August 2015

The use of weakly‐coordinating benzamides, e.g. (I), (IV), (VI), and (VIII), for C—H arylations is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Difluoromethylation of Vinyl Bromides, Triflates, Tosylates, and Nonaflates.
Authors: Chang Dalu , Gu Yang , Shen Qilong
Published: August 2015

A general route towards difluoromethylated alkenes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of Nitroalcohols in the Presence of Ambersep 900 OH as Heterogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Lodh Rajsekhar , Sarma Manas Jyoti , Borah Arun Jyoti , Phukan Prodeep
Published: August 2015

Nitroalcohols are prepared by Henry reaction of aldehydes with nitromethane using Ambersep 900 OH anionic ion‐exchanger resin as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: A Zinc Enolate of Amide: Preparation and Application in Reformatsky‐Like Reaction Leading to β‐Hydroxy Amides.
Authors: Cho Hyun‐Hee , Kim Seung‐Hoi
Published: August 2015

An efficient new synthetic route for the preparation of β‐hydroxy amides is presented starting from room‐temperature‐stable organozinc reagents by coupling reactions with various carbonyl derivatives under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted Carbamo(dithioperoxo)thioates as Potential BCA2‐Inhibitory Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Cilibrasi Vincenzo , Tsang Kwok , Morelli Matteo , Solfa Francesca , Wiggins Helen L. , Jones Arwyn T. , Westwell Andrew D.
Published: August 2015

A new one‐pot synthetic route to a range of potential anticancer carbamo(dithioperoxo)thioates in high yields from commercially available starting materials is described.
ChemInform Abstract: (E)‐Specific Direct Julia‐Olefination of Aryl Alcohols Without Extra Reducing Agents Promoted by Bases.
Authors: Yao Chuan‐Zhi , Li Qiang‐Qiang , Wang Mei‐Mei , Ning Xiao‐Shan , Kang Yan‐Biao
Published: August 2015

A base‐promoted direct olefination of aryl alcohols with sulfones via a Julia‐type reaction is established.
ChemInform Abstract: Re2O7 Catalyzed Dienone‐Phenol Rearrangement.
Authors: Xia Zilei , Hu Jiadong , Shen Zhigao , Yao Qizheng , Xie Weiqing
Published: August 2015

Multisubstituted phenols are efficiently obtained by dienone‐phenol rearrangement of 4,4‐disubstituted cyclohexadienones.
ChemInform Abstract: Bulky Guanidinate Stabilized Homoleptic Magnesium, Calcium and Zinc Complexes and Their Catalytic Activity in the Tishchenko Reaction.
Authors: Barman Milan Kr , Baishya Ashim , Nembenna Sharanappa
Published: August 2015

It is demonstrated that the Mg complex MGG efficiently catalyzes the dimerization of aromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Efficient Zinc‐Catalyzed Thioetherification of Aryl Halides.
Authors: Thankachan Amrutha P. , Sindhu K. S. , Krishnan K. Keerthi , Anilkumar Gopinathan
Published: August 2015

A variety of aryl and alkyl sulfides are obtained via C—S cross‐coupling reaction of aryl halides with both aryl and alkyl thiols using ZnEt2/L‐proline as easily available, cheap, and environmentally benign catalytic system.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Formation of Spiro[indoline‐3,7′‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]azepine] from Multicomponent Reaction of L‐Proline, Isatin and But‐2‐ynedioate.
Authors: Yang Fan , Sun Jing , Gao Hong , Yan Chao‐Guo
Published: August 2015

Spiro[indoline‐3,3′‐pyrrolizines] (IV), (VI) and (VIII) are obtained by normal 1,3‐cycloaddition reaction of α‐amino acids, isatins, and but‐2‐ynedioates.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and One‐Pot Method for Synthesis of Unprecedented 3,3‐Dimethyl‐2‐amide Indoles under Metal‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Liu Haidong , Chen Hao , Li Yuan , Lv Yongfeng , Cai Jin , Ji Min
Published: August 2015

Title compounds (III) are prepared via a novel oxidative amination reaction between indolium salts (I) and cyclic secondary amines (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,2,4,5‐Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles Using 2,6‐Dimethylpyridinium Trinitromethanide {[2,6‐DMPyH]C(NO2)3} as a Novel Nanostructured Molten Salt and Green Catalyst.
Authors: Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Baghery Saeed , Moosavi‐Zare Ahmad Reza , Vahdat Seyed Mohammad
Published: August 2015

Imidazoles (IV) are obtained by one‐pot four‐component condensation reaction of benzil (I) or benzoin, various aromatic aldehydes (II), amines (III), and ammonium acetate under solvent‐free conditions using the novel, eco‐friendly nanostructured molten salt (PNM) as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Graphene Oxide—Chitosan Bionanocomposite: A Highly Efficient Nanocatalyst for the One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Trisubstituted Imidazoles under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Maleki Ali , Paydar Reza
Published: August 2015

Imidazoles (III) are rapidly, conveniently, and eco‐friendly obtained by reaction of benzil (I) or benzoin with various aromatic aldehydes and ammonium acetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some Novel Bisisoxazolidine Derivatives from Glyoxal‐Derived Bisnitrones via Simultaneous Double Cycloaddition Reactions in Water.
Authors: Chakraborty Bhaskar , Luitel Govinda Prasad
Published: August 2015

A new methodology for the synthesis of bisisoxazolidines from one‐pot double cycloaddition reactions of bifunctional nitrones (I) with maleimides and other activated alkenes is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Alkynylation of Benzopyranyl Oxocarbenium Ions.
Authors: Srinivas Harathi D. , Maity Prantik , Yap Glenn P. A. , Watson Mary P.
Published: August 2015

Isochromanes (I) and (IV) and chromene acetals (VII) and (IX) are alkynylated in good to high yields and with high enantioselectivities using Bn‐Box ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐(1‐Phenyl‐4‐((2‐ (4‐arylthiazol‐2‐yl)hydrazono)methyl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl) ‐2H‐chromen‐2‐ones: One‐Pot Three Component Condensation, in vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Molecular Docking Studies.
Authors: Gondru Ramesh , Banothu Janardhan , Thatipamula Ranjith Kumar , Hussain SK Althaf , Bavantula Rajitha
Published: August 2015

Compounds (IVa), (IVh) and (IVi) are found to show a broad spectrum antibacterial activity, whereas compounds (IVb) and (IVf) are potent antifungal agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Vicinally Functionalized Piperidines by Nucleophilic β‐Addition of Alkyllithiums to α‐Aryl Substituted Piperidine Enecarbamates.
Authors: Beng Timothy K. , Takeuchi Hironori , Weber Manuel , Sarpong Richmond
Published: August 2015

The first examples of highly diastereoselective carbolithiations of α‐arylated dehydro‐piperidine enecarbamates with alkyllithium nucleophiles is described.