bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of 6,6′-((1E,1′E)-hydrazine-1,2-diylidenebis(methanylylidene))bis (3-(3-bromopropoxy)phenol), C20H22Br2N2O4
Authors: Wang Zhi-Yong , Liu Yang , Yuan Jian-Ping , Zhang Qi-Long , Xu Hong , Huang Ya-Li
Published: July 2023

C20H22Br2N2O4, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 5.0060(12) Å, b = 9.135(2) Å, c = 11.650(3) Å, V = 518.6(2) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0474, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1270, T = 273(2) K, β = 78.492(7).
Latin Grammarians as Lexicographers: The Treatment of Nouns with Uncertain Gender
Authors: Spangenberg Yanes Elena
Published: July 2023

Several late antique Latin grammatical works encompass material drawn from the ancient erudite linguistic speculation De Latinitate and De dubio sermone, ultimately dating back to Pliny the Elder. The most prominent formal feature of the concerned texts is their lexicographical structure, i.e. the presence of a series of highlighted lemmata accompanied by examples and explanations. Furthermore, most of the works concerned show traces of the alphabetical arrangement of their common source. This paper presents the results of a preliminary survey of the texts dealing with nominal gender: particular attention is paid to the ways in which each late antique grammarian adapts the common source according to his specific interests.

This inquiry comes out of a larger research project, which aims at producing a digital critical collection (thesaurus) of grammatical passages dealing with the dubius sermo. This repertory is intended to overcome the limits of the traditional printed collections of grammatical fragments.
Bayesian and Discriminative Models for Active Visual Perception across Saccades
Authors: Subramanian Divya , Pearson John M. , Sommer Marc A.
Published: July 2023

The brain interprets sensory inputs to guide behavior, but behavior itself disrupts sensory inputs. Perceiving a coherent world while acting in it constitutes active perception. For example, saccadic eye movements displace visual images on the retina and yet the brain perceives visual stability. Because this percept of visual stability has been shown to be influenced by prior expectations, we tested the hypothesis that it is Bayesian. The key prediction was that priors would be used more as sensory uncertainty increases. Humans and rhesus macaques reported whether an image moved during saccades. We manipulated both prior expectations and levels of sensory uncertainty. All psychophysical data were compared with the predictions of Bayesian ideal observer models. We found that humans were Bayesian for continuous judgments. For categorical judgments, however, they were anti-Bayesian: they used their priors less with greater uncertainty. We studied this categorical result further in macaques. The animals’ judgments were similarly anti-Bayesian for sensory uncertainty caused by external, image noise, but Bayesian for uncertainty due to internal, motor-driven noise. A discriminative learning model explained the anti-Bayesian effects. We conclude that active vision uses both Bayesian and discriminative models depending on task requirements (continuous vs categorical) and the source of uncertainty (image noise vs motor-driven noise). In the context of previous knowledge about the saccadic system, our results provide an example of how the comparative analysis of Bayesian versus non-Bayesian models of perception offers novel insights into underlying neural organization.
mGluR5 from Primary Sensory Neurons Promotes Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia and Tolerance by Interacting with and Potentiating Synaptic NMDA Receptors
Authors: Jin Daozhong , Chen Hong , Zhou Meng-Hua , Chen Shao-Rui , Pan Hui-Lin
Published: July 2023

Aberrant activation of presynaptic NMDARs in the spinal dorsal horn is integral to opioid-induced hyperalgesia and analgesic tolerance. However, the signaling mechanisms responsible for opioid-induced NMDAR hyperactivity remain poorly identified. Here, we show that repeated treatment with morphine or fentanyl reduced monomeric mGluR5 protein levels in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) but increased levels of mGluR5 monomers and homodimers in the spinal cord in mice and rats of both sexes. Coimmunoprecipitation analysis revealed that monomeric and dimeric mGluR5 in the spinal cord, but not monomeric mGluR5 in the DRG, directly interacted with GluN1. By contrast, mGluR5 did not interact with μ-opioid receptors in the DRG or spinal cord. Repeated morphine treatment markedly increased the mGluR5-GluN1 interaction and protein levels of mGluR5 and GluN1 in spinal synaptosomes. The mGluR5 antagonist MPEP reversed morphine treatment-augmented mGluR5-GluN1 interactions, GluN1 synaptic expression, and dorsal root-evoked monosynaptic EPSCs of dorsal horn neurons. Furthermore, CRISPR-Cas9–induced conditional mGluR5 knockdown in DRG neurons normalized mGluR5 levels in spinal synaptosomes and NMDAR-mediated EPSCs of dorsal horn neurons increased by morphine treatment. Correspondingly, intrathecal injection of MPEP or conditional mGluR5 knockdown in DRG neurons not only potentiated the acute analgesic effect of morphine but also attenuated morphine treatment-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance. Together, our findings suggest that opioid treatment promotes mGluR5 trafficking from primary sensory neurons to the spinal dorsal horn. Through dimerization and direct interaction with NMDARs, presynaptic mGluR5 potentiates and/or stabilizes NMDAR synaptic expression and activity at primary afferent central terminals, thereby maintaining opioid-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOpioids are essential analgesics for managing severe pain caused by cancer, surgery, and tissue injury. However, these drugs paradoxically induce pain hypersensitivity and tolerance, which can cause rapid dose escalation and even overdose mortality. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that opioids promote trafficking of mGluR5, a G protein-coupled glutamate receptor, from peripheral sensory neurons to the spinal cord; there, mGluR5 proteins dimerize and physically interact with NMDARs to augment their synaptic expression and activity. Through dynamic interactions, the two distinct glutamate receptors mutually amplify and sustain nociceptive input from peripheral sensory neurons to the spinal cord. Thus, inhibiting mGluR5 activity or disrupting mGluR5–NMDAR interactions could reduce opioid-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance and potentiate opioid analgesic efficacy.
Effectiveness of the Developed Micro Lesson in Dance Exercise
Authors: Bulac Girlly Mae G. , Dolocanog Mellinjan M. , Carbonell Vienna Lou Libres
Published: July 2023

In a world where new instructional processes are continuously being developed, crafting a micro lesson is one of them—testing its effectiveness and validity before implementation is part of the development process. This study examines the effectiveness of the developed micro lesson in dance exercises. The 270 Physical Education 1 students were identified as participants using a purposive sampling procedure. The result shows a significant change in the student's pre-test and post-test scores, indicating improved knowledge of dance exercises. The developed micro lesson is highly recommended to be used as a new method of teaching dance exercises in Physical Education subjects.
Effects of Visual Training on the Reaction Time among Badminton Athletes
Authors: Sukmooncharen.A.L Prak Maruth , Abdullah Borhannudin , Zulkifly Nurul Afiqah , Farizan Noor Hamzani , Samsudin Shamsulariffin
Published: July 2023

This study aims to identify the effects of visual training on the reaction time among badminton athletes using two reaction time tests, namely, the Whole-Body Reaction Time (WBRT) and the Finger Reaction Time (FRT). This quasi-experimental study involves 30 badminton athletes (Male = 30, Female = 30). The study involved two groups [treatment group = 30, control group = 30]. The descriptive analysis undertaken shows that the level of reaction time of treatment group for the pre-WBRT test is (M = 0.32, SD = 0.047) and pre-FRT test is (M = 0.48, SD = 0.068). For group control, the pre-WBRT test is (M = 0.33, SD = 0.030) and the pre-FRT test is (M = 0.49, SD = 0.065). On the other hand, the reaction time of treatment group for the post-WBRT test is (M = 0.28, SD = 0.037) and post-FRT test is (M = 0.41, SD = 0.054). Meanwhile, for control group, the post-WBRT test is (M = 0.32, SD = 0.037) and post-FRT test is (M = 0.45, SD = 0.061). Furthermore, for treatment group, there is a significant difference between the pre- and post-WBRT test [t (29) = 8.813, p = .000] and the FRT test [t (29) = 10.329, p = .000]. As for control group, there is also a significant difference between the pre- and post-WBRT test [t (29) = 3.786, p = .001] and the FRT test [t (29) = 4.935, p = .000]. Nevertheless, there is no significant difference between both the two pre-WBRT test group [t (58) = 1.667, p = .101] and the FRT test group [t (58) = 0.546, p = .587]. However, there is a significant difference for both the post-WBRT test group [t (58) = 4.676, p = .000] and the FRT test group [t (58) = 3.056, p = .003]. Overall, this study can help coaches in designing effective training programs which can help to enhance the reaction time level of badminton athletes.
Inclusion of Students with Disability in Physical Education: Analysis of Trends and Best Practices
Authors: Kuntjoro Bambang Ferianto Tjahyo , Soegiyanto Soegiyanto , Setijono Hari , Sugiharto Sugiharto
Published: July 2023

Inclusive physical education for students with disability evolved in line with ethical requirements and stakeholder morality. While inclusive physical education is embraced at a conceptual level and desired at the classroom level, the complexity of successful implementation often remains overlooked in policy and curriculum guidelines. The writing in this study uses a literature study by utilizing the scientific journal's index in Scopus from 1992 to 2022 by involving a total of 298 documents. The theme of last years was about developing media with a subject focus on prospective teachers and students of physical education as research subjects. Currently, the research theme of students with disability in physical education is studying with a focus on developing awareness toward disabilities in physical education. In future research, physical educators conceptually embraced inclusive physical education with a creative outlook for collaboration, knowledge, and support. Cooperative and supportive efforts between physical educators, students with disability, parents, and teacher aides are valued in creating physical education environments that effectively respond to learner diversity. While access to practical teaching guidance remains scarce, this study may contribute to physical educator practice.
Measuring Food Literacy : The Survelliance of Elderly Teachers and Education Staffs’ Food Literacy Level
Authors: Malarat Anan , Chongmontri Kaesinee
Published: July 2023

The “food literacy” is increasingly used to describe knowledge, skills and behaviors needed to meet food needs. The aim of this survey research was to measure food literacy level among elderly teachers and education staffs. Methods: This surveillance using FLQ-EE(Food Literacy Questionnaires of Elderly teachers and Education staffs) which created by authors. The participants were 170 elderly  teachers and education staffs selected by census population in Bangkok Province Centre of the Welfare Promotion Commission for Elderly teacher and Educational staffs which was overweight (BMI≥23.0). The data were analysed by percentage, average and standard deviation. Results: The participants were interactive level in food knowledge and nutrition. Food skills including Food selecting, Food planning and manage, Food preparing were functional level. Excepted Eating was Critical level. Conclusions: Mostly,food literacy level surveillance indicates that it's on a satisfactory level. Therefore, appropriate learning should be promoted further.
Innovation and Technology in Table Tennis
Authors: Udomvirojsin Chareerat , Vongsrangsap Suppawan
Published: July 2023

The advancement of innovation and technology has been seen in table tennis for many years; for example, developing the racket design with the innovation to make its weight lighter for better control, using the innovation for training in the form of robot to enhance the player’s reaction, accuracy and footwork. Moreover, a variety of technologies can help broaden the player’s skills to make the game more exciting and challenging as well as to gain more experience for entertainment in every level.The innovation and technology in table tennis has been still developed gradually, especially seeking for something new to facilitate the player’s training such as the robot available for playing interaction with the player, innovation for data analysis to clarify the information for performance improvement, and technology for experience promotion with playing simulation program, etc.It can be said that nowadays innovation and technology have a significant effect on table tennis, particularly transformation from an indoor sport to a high – tech game for better experience of interested persons. In the future it is expected that innovation and technology will create a challenge in various forms and enable everyone to reach the game in various convenient ways.
An overview of the outreach of the 2019–2021 Endo-ERN knowledge generation webinars
Authors: Iotova Violeta , Schalin-Jäntti Camilla , Van Beuzekom Charlotte , Bruegmann Petra , Broesamle Manuela , Hiort Olaf , Pereira Alberto M
Published: July 2023

The current study aims to assess the development of the knowledge generation program of the European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (Endo-ERN) from its start in 2019 until December 2021, with special reference to webinars. We analyzed the number of webinars and live/postevent participants and whether participation and engagement of the attendees changed over time. A total of 30 (86%) self-prepared webinars comprising 300 h of knowledge and competence sharing were broadcasted (2019 – 3; 2020 – 13; 2021 – 14). A total of six webinars were broadcasted live prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic (https://endo-ern.eu/events/webinars/). The most active main thematic group (MTG) was MTG3 Genetic Disorders of Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis with eight (27%) webinars. Two (25%) MTGs fulfilled the goal to prepare at least two to three webinars per year. Patients were actively involved in 20% of the accounted webinars as both creators and presenters. The total number of live and postevent participants was 3023. The availability of the webinars after the live broadcast increased their outreach with a larger number of postevent viewers (n = 1629, 54%). Within the formal structured evaluation of the webinars, 40–85% of the participants replied on separate occasions and helped improve content. The free webinar access is among the perceived reasons for the rapidly increasing number of total hits to the Endo-ERN website. In conclusion, for its short existence, the Endo-ERN rapidly developed educational outreach, and further efforts to attract creators and learners are warranted.
Pacak–Zhuang syndrome: a model providing new insights into tumor syndromes
Authors: Rosenblum Jared S , Wang Herui , Nazari Matthew A , Zhuang Zhengping , Pacak Karel
Published: July 2023

This article is a summary of the plenary lecture presented by Jared Rosenblum that was awarded the Manger Prize at the Sixth International Symposium on Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma held on 19–22 October 2022 in Prague, Czech Republic. Herein, we review our initial identification of a new syndrome of multiple paragangliomas, somatostatinomas, and polycythemia caused by early postzygotic mosaic mutations in EPAS1, encoding hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF-2α), and our continued exploration of new disease phenotypes in this syndrome, including vascular malformations and neural tube defects. Continued recruitment and close monitoring of patients with this syndrome as well as the generation and study of a corresponding disease mouse model as afforded by the pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma translational program at the National Institutes of Health has provided new insights into the natural history of these developmental anomalies and the pathophysiologic role of HIF-2α. Further, these studies have highlighted the importance of the timing of genetic defects in the development of related disease phenotypes. The recent discovery and continued study of this syndrome has not only rapidly evolved our understanding of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma but also deepened our understanding of other developmental tumor syndromes, heritable syndromes, and sporadic diseases.
Valoración estética de los paisajes de interés turístico: caso de estudio Carretera-Parque Piraputanga - Aquidauana - Mato Groso del Sur – Brasil
Authors: Chavez Eros Salinas , Teixeira dos Santos Eva , Ribeiro Ayach Lucy , Perbelin Rodrigues Lidiane
Published: July 2023

The aesthetic characteristics of landscapes and their perception are a current topic of scientific interest, in particular applied to tourism and recreation. The following was posed as a research question: how to estimate the aesthetic values of landscapes with the use of a map of units or types of landscapes? In turn, the following objective was established: topropose a qualitative-quantitative evaluation procedure, the result of experimentation with various cartographic indicators, selected empirically, representative of observable geographic characteristics of landscapes. Different maps are presented as results, which reflect the calculation of these indicators and a summary map. The identification of the landscape sectors with the highest aesthetic values is important in the spatial planning of tourism and contributes to the conservation and management of the studied territory. In this case it is applied to the Piraputanga Park-Highway Environmental Protection Area, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul.
Análisis temporal del NDVI del humedal de Purrumpampa en Huamachuco y su relación con la expansión urbana
Authors: Rodríguez Mauricio Diego Jesus
Published: July 2023

Urban expansion generally implies the informal occupation of vulnerable natural spaces, which leads to the deterioration of these ecosystems. This same phenomenon occurs in the Purrumpama wetland, located in Huamachuco, a city in the Sierra Libertad of Peru. For this reason, the objective of this article was to carry out a temporal analysis of the flora present in the wetland, contrasting the results obtained with a temporal analysis in Google Earth and identifying the relationship with urban expansion. For this purpose, Landsat 8 and Google Earth satellite images were used, delimiting the study area as established by the plans of the Sánchez Carrión Provincial Municipality.   In this way, it will continue that there is a constant decrease in vegetation cover in the South and South-East areas of the wetland, calculating a loss of 74,792 m2 of the wetland from 2012 to 2021. Likewise, it was argued that the ambivalent actions of the municipality has legitimized the occupation of houses and control actions have been ineffective.
La Serra de Santana en el nordeste semiárido: aspectos geográficos y posibilidad de prácticas sostenibles
Authors: Lucena Clara Yasmim De Souza Lucena , Leal de Souza José João Lelis , Queiroz da Silva Betânia , Santiago Reis João , Luna Lucena Rebecca
Published: July 2023

Wet enclaves that appear on the tops of mountains and plateaus are extremely important for the semi- arid region, as they are considered refuges for species of flora and fauna, as well as sources of water moisture for various human activities, since they have a cooler and wetter climate resulting from of the effects of altitude. In this context, the main objective of this research was to carry out a survey of the geographic aspects of Serra de Santana, with emphasis on climatic, pedological (i. e. soil), water and vegetation cover characteristics. It was also considered the uses of the land and the reflection on the possibilities of sustainable practices for the conservation of this important unit of the landscape that, despite having privileged geographical conditions in the semiarid region, as a “mild” climate in terms of thermal conditions , type of soil developed and hydrographic conditions of advantage, the process of use and occupation of the soil resulted in significant losses of native vegetation
Patrimonialización y turistificación de humedales en el espacio rural: actores, discursos y tensiones en la Reserva Natural e Histórica Querla Lobo (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Pinassi Andrés
Published: July 2023

This paper aimed to analyze the processes of patrimonialization and touristification of a case in the Argentinean rural space in light of certain contemporary socio-territorial dynamics. Specifically, the configuration of the Querla Lobo Natural and Historical Reserve (Buenos Aires) is addressed as a heritage and tourist attraction. The study implemented a mixed methodological approach. Interviews were applied to key informants, and questionnaires were administered to community residents and former inhabitants.Likewise, the discourses constructed in normative instruments and media were investigated. One particularly notable finding is the presence of tense situations among the actors involved in the structured heritage and tourism narratives. Although a romantic vision of nature prevails in the narrative, the territorialization of proposals shows a utilitarian use of the wetland, which is “conditioned” for its valorization.
Areniscas del Cretácico inferior al sur del Perú
Authors: Yauli Cuadrado Cynthia , Serret Trejo Steven , Villarreal Jaramillo Eder
Published: July 2023

The Lower Cretaceous in Peru had as its main characteristic intense sedimentation. This can be found in different country regions; one is Apurímac, where various geological formations are observed. This study aimed to review the mineral deposits and occurrences in the region of the Hualhuani formation with the influence of the Andahuaylas-Yauri Batholith. Describing the geological context, the presence of the Utupara, Antilla, Tumipampa, and Trapiche deposits, and the mineral occurrence of Pataypampa showed a mineralization with monzonite quartz stock within the Hualhuani formation; these sandstones are related to the presence of gold and copper deposits. Therefore, this area should be considered as an exploration guide for future mineral deposits. Likewise, a comparison is made with the Lo Prado and Veta Negra formations in Chile, where a similar geology is perceived, with which it is intended to support the subsequent exploration guides to the South of the country.
La LOMCE, un cuadro tenebroso que no responde a la diversidad
Authors: López Melero Miguel
Published: July 2023

En este artículo planteo que la LOMCE no debe entenderse como algo aislado en las ‘políticas’ del Partido Popular. Por el contrario, al igual que en sanidad, justicia, seguridad ciudadana, etc., son políticas que han sido elaboradas con una misma finalidad: un cambio de rumbo ideológico puesto que hay que construir otra ciudadanía, otra sociedad, un ser humano con pensamiento neoliberal. Y en concreto, en cuanto a la Respuesta a la Diversidad, la LOMCE desmonta todo un modelo comprensivo e inclusivo de escuela que hablaba de solidaridad, cooperación, respeto, justicia, democracia, etc., por un modelo elitista, segregador y discriminatorio, matando las ilusiones de aquellas personas que confiábamos en que era posible construir una escuela sin exclusiones.
Costes y consecuencias de no alcanzar un pacto educativo en España
Authors: Gortázar Lucas , Moreno Juan Manuel
Published: July 2023

En el contexto de un debate por un Pacto de Estado por la Educación en España, el objetivo de este artículo es describir y cuantificar los costes y consecuencias de no alcanzar dicho acuerdo en torno a las políticas y decisiones fundamentales asociadas al éxito escolar de cada alumno. Para ello, se lleva a cabo un breve análisis del sistema educativo español y se discute el impacto que las rigideces e inercias del mismo están teniendo sobre el alumnado, con especial incidencia a aquellos provenientes de entornos socioeconómicos más vulnerables. A partir de diversos estudios empíricos y nuevas aportaciones, se cuantifica el impacto, en términos de aprendizaje, cohesión social, empleo y crecimiento, de no establecer objetivos de país que pudieran surgir de un amplio acuerdo en materia de Educación. Los resultados son relevantes y justifican una urgente llamada a la acción a los partidos políticos y los agentes educativos.
Calidad educativa en Comunidades de Aprendizaje: Participación de familiares y voluntariado
Authors: Domínguez Rodríguez Fco. Javier
Published: July 2023

En nuestras instituciones educativas la práctica docente está caracterizada por un individualismo y una balcanización absurdos que deja de lado el aprendizaje cooperativo, dialógico o en grupo. Comunidades de Aprendizaje es un proyecto de transformación de los centros educativos dirigido a la superación del fracaso escolar y la eliminación de conflictos. Parte de la premisa de que la Comunidad Educativa posee recursos, instituciones, agentes… que es preciso identificar, valorar e involucrar en el proyecto educativo de los centros y únicamente esta unión puede hacer posible la educación para todos y el aprendizaje permanente. Asume como objetivo y como eje el aprendizaje más que la educación.
La Evaluación de la calidad educativa en Chile: instrumentos de control y rendición de cuentas
Authors: Durán Sanhueza Francisca
Published: July 2023

Este artículo analiza la lógica neoliberal del sistema de educación chileno que define a los sistemas de medición de la calidad de la educación en nuestro país. Las actuales leyes y programas de educación, entienden la evaluación como un instrumento de rendición de cuentas, lo que hacen cada vez más complejo definir el concepto de calidad educativa. La actual ley de Desarrollo Profesional Docente, refuerza la lógica de un Estado Supervigilante, que no entiende la educación como derecho, sino que busca que los actores del sistema educativo den cuenta de su trabajo y se responsabilicen por la calidad del servicio que entregan, basado en la idea de escuelas eficaces y la rendición de cuentas propio de la Nueva Gestión Pública.
Teaching to the test: La práctica docente como entrenamiento o como educación
Authors: Heredia Latorre Raquel , Kline Jorjann
Published: July 2023

Los cambios sociales, económicos y culturales derivados del contexto de globalización actual han propiciado que las nuevas formas de gestión pública desarrollen políticas vinculadas con la rendición de cuentas (RdC). Éstas se configuran como instrumentos de regulación y legitimación de las reformas implementadas e influyen muy directamente en el diseño y la ejecución de los planes de estudios. En este marco, Teaching to the test es una práctica derivada de la presión ejercida por políticas educativas centradas en las evaluaciones de los resultados de aprendizaje. Este artículo pretende analizar los efectos de estas pruebas en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
La evaluación docente en Colombia
Authors: Arizmendi Domínguez Aitor , Saa García Bárbara
Published: July 2023

Los resultados de los sistemas educativos cada vez tienen una mayor relevancia en la sociedad a nivel mundial, una evidencia de ello es la prueba PISA. Esta evaluación tiene diversos efectos en los sistemas educativos, entre ellas destaca la evaluación del trabajo docente. Por esta razón, se ha focalizado la atención en evaluar la práctica docente desde la perspectiva de la rendición de cuentas. Para ello, se analiza el sistema de evaluación docente de Colombia, considerando el contexto educativo del país, así como sus resultados, además de la política implantada y el marco legal desde un punto de vista crítico.
Avaliação na educação: por que a moda?
Authors: Romão José Eustáquio
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo agora, com publicação, em português já foi previamente publicado em Castelhano, no livro: Qualidade da educação na Ibero-América: discursos, políticas e práticas (Monarca, 2018). O trabalho analisa as razões pelas quais vários assuntos se transformam em modas educativas, em determinados momentos sócio-históricos. Com recorte a partir dos anos 80, século XX, quando o assunto da qualidade se tornou recorrente no campo educativo, estabelecendo-se um forte vínculo com o tema da avaliação. Nesse caso, reflete sobre o porquê essas temáticas se transformam em “moda educacional”, quem faz e para quais fins e objetivos.
La disposición a oír (o acerca de la transversalidad en la escuela)
Authors: Belgich Horacio
Published: July 2023

El concepto de transversalidad nos convoca, pues remite a la diferencia y al vínculo que se establece con esa diferencia; el acto de aprendizaje se constituye con ese vínculo. Transversalidad es la superación de la soberanía de la identidad; supone el reconocimiento sensible de la alteridad, de la presencia del otro, fuerte, variable, en tu propio cuerpo. Este concepto creado por F. Guattari surge dando un sentido filosófico a la multiplicidad de afectos y líneas de encuentros que posibilita la mutación de los modos de sentir y existir, pues dejan de lado lo identitario cerrado a cualquier diferencia que impliquen mutaciones en la sensibilidad.
Del discurso a la acción: La calidad educativa como concepto interpretable
Authors: Gutiérrez Zavala Ana Patricia , Jiménez Moreno José Alfonso
Published: July 2023

El artículo plantea la complejidad e implicaciones de la conceptualización del término calidad educativa en la educación superior. La calidad educativa ha permeado en el discurso y ha sido estandarte de políticas educativas desde hace más de 30 años en América Latina. Bajo ese contexto, el objetivo del estudio fue analizar de qué manera se presenta el término calidad en un contexto institucional específico e identificar la claridad o falta de ella en el discurso. Por medio de un análisis textual en el que se retomaron los conceptos de significante vacío y significante flotante de Laclau (1996), se concluye que la calidad es un término que depende completamente de la interpretación.
Posição dos professores em relação à entrada de alunos com deficiência na universidade
Authors: Terezinha Baumkarten Silvana , Ávila da Fonseca Cássia Maria
Published: July 2023

Este artigo objetiva analisar a opinião dos professores sobre a inclusão dos alunos com deficiência no ensino superior e as dificuldades que encontram para essa inclusão. Foram entrevistados 43 professores de diferentes cursos da Universidade de Passo Fundo, que têm ou já tiveram alunos com deficiência na sala de aula. Os resultados são apresentados em categorias que foram construídas durante a análise de conteúdo. Todos os professores entrevistados se colocam a favor da entrada de alunos com deficiência na universidade. No entanto, consideram que não estão suficientemente preparados para a inclusão, principalmente com alunos com deficiência intelectual, e percebem a necessidade de formação e capacitação.
Construcción de una tesis doctoral a través de las experiencias personales y profesionales
Authors: Barba-Martín Raúl A.
Published: July 2023

En este trabajo se presenta un estudio autobiográfico cuyo objetivo es analizar los acontecimientos vitales y profesionales que llevaron al autor a escribir la investigación de su tesis doctoral. La autobiografía se inicia en los primeros recuerdos de la niñez relacionados con la educación, el papel de la familia y las vivencias en el periodo escolar. Continúa a través de los principales momentos que marcaron al protagonista durante la formación inicial y el máster y, por último, se abordan los primeros pasos en la tesis doctoral. De esta forma, el autor trata de mostrar los principales elementos, relaciones y experiencias que dieron sentido a su investigación y su engranaje durante el estudio.
Chemical composition, crystallinity, and thermal degradation of bleached and unbleached kenaf bast (Hibiscus cannabinus) pulp and nanofibers
Authors: Jonoobi Mehdi , Harun Jalaludin , Shakeri Alireza , Misra Manjusri , Oksman Kristiina
Published: July 2023

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) nanofibers were isolated from unbleached and bleached pulp by a combination of chemical and mechanical treatments. The chemical methods were based on NaOH-AQ (anthraquinone) and three-stage bleaching (DEpD) processes, whereas the mechanical techniques involved refining, cryo-crushing, and high-pressure homogenization. The size and morphology of the obtained fibers were characterized by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the studies showed that the isolated nanofibers from unbleached and bleached pulp had diameters between 10-90 nm, while their length was in the micrometer range. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy demonstrated that the content of lignin and hemicellulose decreased in the pulping process and that lignin was almost completely removed during bleaching. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that both pulp types as well as the nanofibers displayed a superior thermal stability as compared to the raw kenaf. Finally, X-ray analyses showed that the chemo-mechanical treatments altered the crystallinity of the pulp and the nanofibers: the bleached pulp had a higher crystallinity than its unbleached counterpart, and the bleached nanofibers presented the highest crystallinity of all the investigated materials.
Fibre floc morphology and dewaterability of a pulp suspension: Role of flocculations kinetics and characteristics of flocculation agents
Authors: Liimatainen Henrikki , Haapala Antti , Tomperi Jani , Niinimäki Jouko
Published: July 2023

The aim of this investigation was to find out how properties of a flocculation agent and flocculation kinetics affect the morphology of fibre flocs and how dewatering of a fibre suspension may be attributed to floc morphology. Fibre flocculation, analysed in terms of floc size, mass fractal dimension, floc strength, and the kinetic constant of flocculation, was measured with a digital image analysis system using cationic polyacrylamides as flocculants and NaCl as a coagulant. The results suggest that the kinetics of fibre flocculation is not a key factor determining floc properties but follows from the high bonding ability of the flocculation agent, which also lies behind the high floc density and size, i.e., the factors that lead to fast flocculation and improved floc properties are partly the same. In addition to interfibre bonding strength, the structure of the bonding layer of polymeric flocculants was found to be a significant factor describing floc morphology. Dewaterability of the fibre suspension was improved by increased floc density, which promotes fast water flow through the large voids around the dense flocs, while large, irregular flocs induced loose floc packing, which further improved dewatering by creating larger voids. Increased floc strength seemed to reduce the sealing of fluid passageways, particularly on the surface of the wire, where fibre squeezing could blind the filter fabric.
Natural weathering of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) boards modified with functionalised commercial silicone emulsions
Authors: Ghosh Shyamal C. , Militz Holger , Mai Carsten
Published: July 2023

A quat-silicone micro-emulsion (particle size <40 nm), an amino-silicone macro-emulsion (110 nm), and an alkyl modified silicone macro-emulsion (740 nm) were used to modify Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood. Treated and uncoated boards were exposed to natural weathering for one year along with water treated controls according to EN 927-3. The treatment with silicone emulsions did not enhance the color stability, which was assessed at three months intervals using a spectrophotometer and classified according to the CIE-Lab system. Treatment with amino-silicone emulsions gave a more yellowish appearance of the wood surface before weathering than the other silicones and the control. Boards treated with quat- and amino-silicone were less overgrown by staining fungi and displayed reduced surface roughness than those treated with alkyl-modified silicone and the control samples.
Development of cellulosic paper-based test strips for Cr(VI) determination
Authors: Kong Fangong , Ni Yonghao
Published: July 2023

Paper-based test strips specific for the Cr(VI) determination in aqueous solutions were developed by impregnating a color-forming reagent, diphenylcarbazide, and a quaternary ammonium salt (Aliquat 336) into paper sheets. The results showed that the quaternary ammonium salt could effectively retain the colored complex in the paper substrate. This paper-based test strip showed a high selectivity for Cr(VI) in the samples to be tested. The method was applied to synthetic samples, and the results were compared to these from a reference method. The current work demonstrated that with a color chart, this portable paper-based test strip has the potential to be used for field screening or on-site semi-quantitative analysis.
Adsorption of cellobiose-pendant polymers to a cellulose matrix determined by quartz crystal microbalance analysis
Authors: Yokota Shingo , Ohta Takefumi , Kitaoka Takuya , Wariishi Hiroyuki
Published: July 2023

Cellobiose-pendant polymers were synthesized by radical polymerization and their affinity for a cellulose matrix was investigated by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). A 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethylureido cellobiose (MOU-Cel) macromer was synthesized by coupling cellobiosylamine with 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl isocyanate followed by polymerization in an aqueous radical reaction system. The interaction of the resulting poly(MOU-Cel) with a pure cellulose matrix in water was evaluated by QCM analysis. Poly(MOU-Cel) was strongly adsorbed to the cellulose substrate, whereas neither cellobiose nor MOU-Cel macromer exhibited an attractive interaction with cellulose. This specific interaction was not inhibited by the presence of ionic contaminants, suggesting that multiple cellobiopyranose moieties in each polymer molecule might cooperatively enhance its affinity for cellulose. Moderate insertion of acrylamide units into the polymer backbone improved the affinity for cellulose, possibly due to an increased mobility of sugar side chains. Polymers such as these, with a high affinity for cellulose, have potential applications for the surface functionalization of cellulose-based materials, including paper products.
Experimental study of stress relaxation in the process of cold molding with straw
Authors: Hu Jian-Jun , Lei Ting-Zhou , Xu Guang-Yin , Shen Sheng-Qiang , Liu Jun-Wei
Published: July 2023

In this article, five kinds of straws were used to do compressing molding experiments on stress relaxation by Electric Versatile Material Machine, with specially designed open mode equipment. According to the data from the transition stage of the compression process, regression equations with different straws were built by selective global fitting or piecewise fitting. In addition, the equations were verified by stress logarithm-time curves. A stress relaxation model of the five straws can be summarized by an expression involving the summation of exponential decay terms. This expression provides reference for reducing the specific energy consumption and increasing the pellet density.
Imaging wood plastic composites (WPCs): X-ray computed tomography, a few other promising techniques, and why we should pay attention
Authors: Muszyński Lech
Published: July 2023

Wood plastic composites are complex, anisotropic, and heterogeneous materials. A key to increasing the share of the WPC materials in the market is developing stronger, highly engineered WPCs characterized by greater structural performance and increased durability. These are achieved by enhanced manufacturing processes, more efficient profile designs, and new formulations providing better interaction between the wood particles and the plastic matrix. Significant progress in this area is hard to imagine without better understanding of the composite performance and internal bond durability on the micro-mechanical level, and reliable modeling based on that understanding. The objective of this paper is to present a brief review of promising material characterization techniques based on advanced imaging technologies and inverse problem methodology, which seem particularly suitable for complex heterogeneous composites. Full-field imaging techniques and specifically X-ray computed tomography (CT) combined with numerical modeling tools have a potential to advance the fundamental knowledge on the effect of manufacturing parameters on the micromechanics of such materials and their response to loads and environmental exposure.
Reinforcing potential of jute pulp with Trema orientalis (nalita) pulp
Authors: Jahan M. Sarwar , Rawshan Sabina
Published: July 2023

Two morphologically different pulps, a long-fiber jute pulp from a soda-AQ process and a short-fiber Trema orientalis pulp from a kraft process, were evaluated and compared for their reinforcing potential. T. orientalis pulp needed less beating energy than jute pulp at the same drainage resistance. Addition of jute fiber pulp to the T. orientalis pulp increased tear strength. Sheet density of pulp blends was increased with the increase of beating degree of both pulps and the proportion of T. orientalis pulp. Tensile index and burst index of blended pulp were increased when the beating degree and proportion of T. orientalis pulp increased.
Properties of gas and char from microwave pyrolysis of pine sawdust
Authors: Wang Xian-Hua , Chen Han-Ping , Ding Xue-Jun , Yang Hai-Ping , Zhang Shi-Hong , Shen Ying-Qiang
Published: July 2023

Pine sawdust pyrolysis was carried out respectively using microwave and conventional electrical heating at different temperatures in order to understand the properties of pyrolytic products from microwave pyrolysis of biomass. Less char material was obtained by microwave pyrolysis compared to conventional heating at the same temperature. While comparing the components of the pyrolytic gases, it was revealed that the microwave pyrolysis gas usually had higher H2 and CO contents and lower CH4 and CO2 contents than those obtained by conventional pyrolysis at the same temperature. The texture analysis results of the microwave pyrolysis chars showed that the chars would melt and the pores would shrink at high temperatures, and hence, the specific surface areas of the chars decreased with increasing temperature. Similarly, the reactivity of the char was remarkably reduced when the microwave pyrolysis temperature exceeded 600°C.
Effect of various fire retardants on Brinell hardness of some wood
Authors: Kurt Şeref , Özçifçi Ayhan
Published: July 2023

This study was performed to determine the impact of impregnation materials on the Brinell hardness of varnished wood materials. For this purpose, test specimens prepared from Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), which met the requirements of ASTM D 358, were impregnated according to ASTM D 1413-07 with borax, boric acid, zinc chloride, and di-ammonium phosphate by a vacuum technique. After impregnation, the surfaces were coated by cellulosic, synthetic, and polyurethane varnishes in accordance with ASTM D 3023. The Brinell hardness of the specimens after the varnishing process was determined in accordance with ASTM D 4366. According to the result of the tests, the highest Brinell hardness (135.40 kpm/m²) was determined in oriental beech samples, cut tangentially, impregnated with di- ammonium phosphate, and varnished with polyurethane. The lowest Brinell hardness (23.20 kpm/m²) was determined in Scotch pine control samples, cut radially and synthetically varnished.
Study on the structural change of lignin during auto-catalyzed ethanol-water pulping of aspen by 1H-NMR
Authors: Zhou Jinghui , Sui Xinjin , Shi Haiqiang
Published: July 2023

This study concerns the structural change of lignin during auto-catalyzed ethanol-water pulping of aspen by 1H-NMR. The results showed that the linkages of alkyl-aryl ether of lignin, such as the α-ether linkages (α-O-4) and the β-ether linkages (β-O-4), were broken and the alkyl part formed carbenium at the Cα and Cβ of the aliphatic branch. Meanwhile, the aryl part of ether accepted one H+ and formed phenol. Because of the electronegative effect originating from the electron cloud of phenyl, partial carbenium of Cβ was rearranged. Due to its ether or hydroxyl linkage, rearranging to Cβ, the Cα was changed into carbenium and formed a new β-O-4 alkyl-aryl ether. The β-O-4 alkyl-aryl ether was not stable and broken further. So the large molecule of lignin was disintegrated into a smaller one and dissolved into ethanol. Finally, the α+ carbenium reformed α-O-4 linkages of ether with phenol.
Modification of precipitated calcium carbonate filler using sodium silicate/zinc chloride based modifiers to improve acid-resistance and use of the modified filler in papermaking
Authors: Shen Jing , Song Zhanqian , Qian Xueren , Liu Wenxia
Published: July 2023

In order to improve the acid-resistant property of papermaking grade precipitated calcium carbonate filler and to obtain modified filler in powder form, sodium silicate/zinc chloride based modifiers were used in filler modification, and the use of modified filler in papermaking of deinked pulp derived from recycled newspaper was also preliminarily investigated. Under the preliminarily optimized experimental conditions, when sodium silicate, zinc chloride, sodium hexametaphosphate, and phosphoric acid with dosages of 10 wt%, 3 wt%, 1 wt% and 0.2 wt%, respectively, were used as modifiers, and when the temperature, aging time, and PCC concentration during the filler modification process was 70 oC, 7 h and 9.1 wt%, respectively, the acid-resistant property of filler was significantly improved after modification, as evaluated using alum consumption and pH methods. The use of modified precipitated calcium carbonate filler prepared under the optimized conditions provided considerably more brightness and light scattering improvement in comparison to unmodified filler, and filler modification was found to have only negligible influence on tensile and burst strength of the paper, air permeability of the paper, and retention performance of the filler. Surface analysis of the modified filler using XPS and SEM confirmed the occurring of surface encapsulation and modification of precipitated calcium carbonate filler when the relevant modifiers were used in filler modification. The encapsulating effect of modifiers on filler was thought to be favorable to improvement in acid-resistant property, and optical properties of the filled paper.
Shear strength of heat-treated tali (Erythrophleum ivornese) and iroko (Chlorophora excelsa) woods, bonded with various adhesives
Authors: Sahin Kol Hamiyet , Özbay Günay , Altun Suat
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the shear strength of tali (Erythrophleum ivorense) and iroko (Chlorophora excelsa) woods, bonded with some structural adhesives. Shear strength of untreated and heat-treated woods bonded with phenol-formaldehyde (PF), melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF), melamine-formaldehyde (MF), and polyurethane (PUR) adhesives was studied. An industrial heat treatment method (ThermoWood) was used. The timbers were thermally modified for 2 hours at 180 ºC. Laminated samples having two sample sets were prepared from untreated and heat-treated wood for the shear strength test. The results of the tests showed that the heat treatment affected shear strength of laminated wood negatively. Although there was a considerable difference in adhesive bond shear strength between untreated and treated wood, both wood species bonded with the adhesives fulfilled the required value for shear strength of the adhesive bonds. PF, MUF, MF, and PUR adhesives performed in a rather similar way for both wood species.