bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realistic simulation in immunization: satisfaction, self-confidence and performance of nursing students
Authors: Beserra Eveline Pinheiro , Camelo Lana Barroso Melo , Teles Liana Mara Rocha , Barbosa Jessyca Elaine Chagas , Cavalcante Viviane Mamede Vasconcelos , Gubert Fabiane do Amaral , Martins Mariana Cavalcante
Published: September 2020

Objective: to analyze satisfaction, self-confidence and performance of nursing students in realistic immunization simulation. Methods: quasi-experimental study, using the Immunization Checklist and Student Satisfaction and Self-confidence in Learning Scale, with 72 students, divided into Group 1 (38 seventh semester students who have not yet been in the field of practice in the Child Health discipline) and Group 2 (34 ninth semester students). Results: there was no difference between groups in terms of immunization performance (t-test: 1.701; p=0.096), as well as in terms of the degree of performance (Likelihood Ratio: 1.939; p=0.164). There was a significant difference when assessing satisfaction and self-confidence in learning (t-test: 2.346; p=0.023). Conclusion: the previous practice of immunization in the field of practice did not influence the performance of nursing students during the realistic simulation, but it did interfere with satisfaction and self-confidence in learning.
COGNITIVE, PERCEPTUAL AND BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF NEURO-STIMULI: A STUDY ON PACKAGED FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors: İŞERİ UZUNOĞLU Merve , SÖZER Edin Güçlü
Published: September 2020

Today, the food sector is characterised with intense competition and continuously becoming more challenging for marketers. When it is realised that 95% of consumers' purchasing decisions are made unconsciously, marketing tools started to target unconscious minds. Combining neuroscience and marketing disciplines, neuromarketing studies found that neuro-stimuli, directly addressing the brain, are influential on consumer perceptions. This study investigates the effects of neuro-stimuli applied on food product poster and packaging on mother-woman and child consumers' brand awareness, quality perceptions and purchase intentions. In the experimental design implemented, a total of 284 subjects composed of women and children are divided into 6 groups, and they were exposed to various degrees of neuro-stimuli in the poster and product packages in order to measure the influence of these stimuli. Findings of the research confirmed that application of neuro-stimuli significantly increased quality perception of women and purchase intentions of both woman and child consumers. Increasing intensity of neuro-stimuli also generated a partially significant influence. Theoretical and managerial implications are provided based on these findings.
THE CONCEPT OF EMPLOYEE'S HAPPINESS IN HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: KIRPIK Gülşen
Published: September 2020

This study was carried out to reveal the importance of employee happiness in terms of Human Resources Management (HRM), to identify organizational concepts and job attitudes related to employee happiness, to accelerate studies on this issue, to guide future researchers and other interested people and to be useful in the literature. In this context, 48 articles published between 1995 and 2020 in the journal "Human Resource Management Review", which was scanned in the Science Citation Index (SCI), were examined through systematic literature review. In the light of the obtained findings, it has been observed that the concept of employee happiness is significantly related to the job attitude, the meaning of the job, the pleasure of work, entertainment at work, safe relationships, perceived justice, attachment styles, emotional loyalty, employee moods, employee cynicism, employee status, employee social skills, employee voice, employee loyalty, employee well-being, work experience, work stress, social relationships, health emotion, passion, high performance and loving job, ethical organizational culture, promotion-oriented self-control system, HR practices according to Miller's "Utilitarian Theory", Pro-Social Rule Breaking (PSRB) and Sustainable HRM strategies. Also, in the conclusion part of the study, suggestions developed for organizational concepts determined to be related to employee happiness in the literature are included.
THE EFFECT OF ON-TIME DELIVERY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY IN CHANNEL INTEGRATION
Authors: DÜNDAR Abdullah Oktay , ÖZTÜRK Resul
Published: September 2020

In this study, creating customer satisfaction and customer loyalty by channel integration with on-time delivery was examined as a result of using physical and online channels together in order to investigate whether the goals of businesses and consumers were compatible. 436 consumers in Konya benefiting from the online shopping service were surveyed online by simple random sampling, and the data obtained were analyzed through the SPSS 23.0 package program. The relationships between the variables in the study were analyzed with the help of multiple regression analysis. In the study, channel integration was determined to have a positive and statistically significant effect on on-time delivery. It was also concluded that channel integration and on-time delivery had a positive and statistically significant effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty.
GİYİM EŞYASI İMALAT SEKTÖRÜNDE MEYDANA GELEN İŞ KAZASI VE MESLEK HASTALIĞI İLE SONRASINDAKİ İYİLEŞME DURUMUNUN CİNSİYET BAKIMINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Tufan
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada, giyim eşyası imalatında çalışanların sağlık ve güvenlikleri üzerine cinsiyet faktörünün etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu sektörde kadın ve erkek istihdam oranı birbirine oldukça yakındır. Ayrıca bu sektörde diğer faaliyet kollarına göre kadın istihdamı oldukça fazladır. Veri olarak 2018 yılı Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu İş Kazaları ve Meslek Hastalıkları İstatistik bilgileri kullanılmıştır. Yöntem olarak incelenen faktörlerin cinsiyete göre beklenen ve gözlenen değerleri arasındaki farkı esas alan Pearson Ki-Kare Analizi kullanılmıştır. İş kazası sayısını, iş kazası sonrası ölüm oranını, iş kazası sonrası iyileşme yöntemini cinsiyetin etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Meslek hastalıklarını ise cinsiyetin etkilemediği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda sektöre ve akademisyenlere öneri ve tavsiyelerde bulunulmuştur.
HİZMET ROBOTU ENTEGRASYON İSTEKLİLİK (HREİ) ÖLÇEĞİ: TÜRKÇEYE UYARLAMA, GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: ÖZKAN Ayşegül , AKKAYA Bülent , ÖZKAN Hasan
Published: September 2020

Hizmet robotu entegrasyonu istekliliği, yapay zekâ ve hizmet robotlarını düzenli hizmet işlemlerine entegre etme konusundaki uzun vadeli istekliliğini karakterize eden önemli bir faktördür. Bu araştırmanın amacı Lu, Chi ve Gursoy (2019) tarafından geliştirilen Hizmet Robotu Entegrasyon İsteklilik Ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanmasıdır. Ölçek orijinalinde 36 madde ve 6 faktörden oluşmaktadır. Farklı hizmet sektörlerinde faaliyet gösteren 673 çalışanın gönüllü katıldığı üç örneklem ile elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirlemek için öncelikle keşfedici ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri yapılmıştır. Toplam varyansın %73,01’ini açıklayan ve orijinaldeki gibi 6 faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Fakat üç maddenin uyum iyiliği değerleri kabul edilen değer aralığında çıkmadığı için ölçekten sırasıyla teker teker çıkarılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda 33 maddeden oluşan ve orijinalindeki gibi 6 faktörlü bir ölçek yapısı elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular Hizmet Robotu Entegrasyonu İsteklilik Ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun farklı sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren kurum ve kuruluşlar için kullanılabilecek kabul edilebilir değerlerde güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.
COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNİN ÜRÜN DEĞERLENDİRMELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ
Authors: YETKİN ÖZBÜK Raife Meltem
Published: September 2020

COVİD-19 pandemisinin ekonomiye ve sağlığa dair yarattığı endişeler kişilerde olumsuz ruh haline neden olmaktadır. Pandemi sebebiyle artan olumsuz ruh halinin tüketici davranışlarını değiştirmesi ve tüketicilerin yazdıkları ürün değerlendirmelerini etkilemesi beklenmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, pandeminin, internet platformlarında yer alan ürün değerlendirmeleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren bir e-ticaret sitesinde yer alan 5812 ürün değerlendirmesi veri setine dahil edilmiş, sıralı lojistik regresyon ve probit regresyon modellerinden yararlanılarak ikincil veri analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, normalleşme süreci sonrası dönemde yazılmış ürün değerlendirmeleri, pandemi öncesi dönemdekilere göre daha olumsuzdur. Yazılan ürün değerlendirmelerinin uzunluğu ürün türünden etkilenmektedir. Pandemi sürecinde yazılan ürün değerlendirmelerinin uzun olma olasılığı pandemi öncesi dönemde yazılanlara göre daha yüksektir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, elektronik ağızdan ağıza iletişim literatürüne pandeminin etkisi tanıtılarak katkıda bulunulmuş ve pandemi döneminde olumsuz ürün değerlendirmelerinin azaltılmasına yönelik firmalara stratejiler önerilmiştir.
Estimation of the SNP Mutation Rate in Two Vegetatively Propagating Species of Duckweed
Authors: Sandler George , Bartkowska Magdalena , Agrawal Aneil F , Wright Stephen I
Published: September 2020

Mutation rate estimates for vegetatively reproducing organisms are rare, despite their frequent occurrence across the tree of life. Here we report mutation rate estimates in two vegetatively reproducing duckweed species, Lemna minor and Spirodela polyrhiza. We use a modified approach to estimating mutation rates by taking into account the reduction in mutation detection power that occurs when new individuals are produced from multiple cell lineages. We estimate an extremely low per generation mutation rate in both species of duckweed and note that allelic coverage at de novo mutation sites is very skewed. We also find no substantial difference in mutation rate between mutation accumulation lines propagated under benign conditions and those grown under salt stress. Finally, we discuss the implications of interpreting mutation rate estimates in vegetatively propagating organisms.
Liderazgo intersubjetivo: Hacia una emancipación educativa
Authors: Mijares Luna Libia
Published: September 2020

Inter-leadership promotes educational emancipation. This essay seeks to position itself critically and reflectively about the figure of leadership in our pedagogical tasks for addressing educational realities. It is based on horizontality and intersubjectivity as key aspects for achieving change in the dominant power structures that do not escape the educational curriculum, schools or universities, and each social context that echoes traditional social regulation. This way, it aims to promote some pedagogical tools to address our educational realities, in which the figure of inter-leadership contributes towards a real participation of the social agents involved in the educational process.
Effect of cutting conditions on quality of milled surface of medium-density fibreboards
Authors: Kminiak Richard , Siklienka Mikuláš , Igaz Rastislav , Krišťák Ľuboš , Gergeľ Tomáš , Němec Miroslav , Réh Roman , Očkajová Alena , Kučerka Martin
Published: September 2020

The quality of milled surface medium-density fibreboards (MDF) and the effect of the wrong milling direction during the process of automatic milling in real conditions in practice (production machine, production tool, and material) are presented in the paper. Moreover, the effect of the double vs. single bladed milling cutter on the final surface quality with the simultaneous changes in individual parameters of feed rate, thickness of the removed layer, and cutting direction was investigated. The MDF was separated using the strategy “one per pass“ with required cutting direction (climb or conventional) and the required thick strips cutting off (4 mm to 16+ mm) at a constant operation speed of the milling cutter (n = 20000 min−1) and a changing feed rate from vf = 1 m/min−1 to vf = 5 m/min−1. The use of a multi-bladed milling cutter resulted in the higher quality of the milled surface in all cases (change in feed rate, thickness of removed layer, and cutting direction). The effect of the wrong milling direction during automatic milling was observed only for a single-bladed milling cutter used. An increase in surface roughness (Ra) occurred; therefore, using the double-bladed milling cutter, which was not associated with an increase in surface roughness, is recommended.
Effect of torrefaction temperature and O2 concentration on the pyrolysis behaviour of moso bamboo
Authors: Sun Yi , Sun Yuquan , Chen Wei , Wang Shanshan , Liang Guangyuan , Li Wenzhu , Ma Zhongqing , Zhang Wenbiao
Published: September 2020

Five-year-old moso bamboo was torrefied under nitrogen and different oxygen concentrations of 3% to 9% and torrefaction temperatures of 200 °C to 300 °C. Mass yields of 31.7% to 96.6%, energy yields of 30.8% to 98.9%, and higher heating values (HHVs) in the range 18.8 to 27.1 MJ/kg were obtained. The torrefied sample was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). Under the different torrefaction temperatures and oxygen concentrations, hemicellulose and cellulose were thermally decomposed, which led to significant changes in the chemical functional groups of the raw and torrefied bamboo. The pyrolysis experiments on raw and torrefied bamboo were conducted using the pyrolyzer coupled with a gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (Py-GC/MS). According to the Py-GC/MS analysis, the pyrolytic bio-oil were mainly composed of acids, furans, phenols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, alcohols, and hydrocarbons. Higher torrefaction temperature reduced the relative contents of acids, ketones, furans, and aldehydes. However, lower torrefaction temperatures and moderate oxygen concentrations were optimal for the production of phenols and hydrocarbons.
Quantitative lignin analysis based on permanganate oxidation
Authors: Parkås Jim , Brunow Gosta , Lundquist Knut
Published: September 2020

Qualitative lignin analysis relies rather much on studies of lignin degradation products. As concerns precise quantification of lignin’s composition such studies in general have obvious limitations. Aromatic acids obtained on permanganate oxidation of pretreated lignins (cleavage of ethers and alkylation of phenolic groups) offer a possibility to estimate the amounts of differently substituted aromatic units in lignins. An equation is derived for the calculation of the gross composition of lignins based on the yields of methoxy-substituted aromatic acids obtained on permanganate oxidation of lignins with methylated phenolic groups. The equation could also be used for the calculation of the phenolic content in a lignin sample based on permanganate oxidation data, provided that such data are available for a similar lignin sample with known phenolic content. Literature data for milled wood lignin from spruce are used to exemplify the calculations.
ДЕРЖАВНА МІГРАЦІЙНА ПОЛІТИКА УКРАЇНИ: КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ
Authors: РИНДЗАК Ольга
Published: September 2020

Проблеми, які сьогодні існують у міграційній сфері України, вказують на недостатню ефективність державної міграційної політики і необхідність її удосконалення. Важливою передумовою підвищення ефективності міграційної політики є розвиток її концептуальних основ. Уточнено суть цього поняття, визначено пріоритетні цілі та завдання. На основі огляду визначень самого терміна «політика» з позицій суспільних наук і аналізу дефініцій міграційної політики виокремлено три взаємопов’язаних підходи. Згідно з першим, політика визначається як вплив на міграційні процеси (інфлюативний); другий трактує її як інструмент, засіб впливу на міграційну сферу (інструментальний); через призму третього міграційна політика розглядається як сфера суспільних відносин, певний тип взаємодії суб’єктів з метою задоволення потреб та досягнення цілей, поставлених у сфері управління міграційними процесами (інтерактивний). Дотримання якогось одного підходу передбачає висвітлення лише окремого аспекту міграційної політики. З урахуванням цього, запропоновано комплексне визначення міграційної політики як цілеспрямованої діяльності органів державної влади щодо регулювання міграційних відносин, процесів і явищ, їх чинників, націленої на запобігання негативним наслідкам та використання потенціалу міграції в умовах реалізації євроінтеграційного вектора реформ. Міграційна політика є важливим елементом системи соціально-економічної політики держави, реалізується у співпраці з міжнародними інститутами і за допомогою спеціальних заходів покликана сприяти соціально-економічному розвитку країни, підвищенню якості життя населення й цілісності соціуму. Сформульовані мета, п’ять основних цілей та завдань міграційної політики мають послужити основою для вдосконалення Концепції державної міграційної політики. Дані цілі не є вичерпними і достатніми, однак є актуальними і необхідними на першому етапі вдосконалення міграційної політики. Їх необхідно реалізовувати поступово, з подальшою розробкою нових.
ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЕЛАСТИЧНОСТІ ЗАЙНЯТОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ: ТРЕНДИ ТА ДЕТЕРМІНАНТИ
Authors: ПЕРЕГУДОВА Тетяна
Published: September 2020

Однією з актуальних для України проблем є підвищення рівня зайнятості для забезпечення сталого економічного зростання. Одним з показників, який використовується для аналізу сенситивності зв’язку між економічним зростанням і зайнятістю, є еластичність зайнятості, дослідження якої у світі показує послаблення взаємозв’язку. З огляду на необхідність пошуку стратегії економічного зростання, зумовленої розширенням сфери праці, важливим є дослідження інституційних особливостей національного ринку праці в контексті можливостей реалізації трудового потенціалу і вдосконалення політики створення робочих місць.Дослідження національних тенденцій еластичності зайнятості як одного з важливих індикаторів ринку праці дозволило визначити інституційні особливості, серед яких вагомою є те, що економічне зростання не сприяє масштабному створенню робочих місць і розрив тенденцій між ВВП і зайнятістю з роками збільшується. Подальше ігнорування зазначених проблем і штучне вирішення окремих з них лише посилюють пастку соціально-трудової ексклюзії та деформують національну соціальну політику, що обмежує інклюзивний економічний розвиток. Таким чином, економічне зростання є важливою, але недостатньою передумовою розвитку ринку праці України, що зумовлює необхідність активізації політики зайнятості та створення робочих місць.Соціально-трудова інклюзія в Україні є можливою через посилення взаємозв’язку між сплатою ЄСВ, податком на доходи фізичних осіб та соціальним забезпеченням, соціальним захистом і доступом до якісної соціальної інфраструктури. Слід розвивати практики обумовлених соціальних трансфертів, коли людина отримує певну соціальну допомогу при певній тривалості зайнятості протягом року. Наведено світові практики створення робочих місць, адаптація яких в Україні сприятиме підвищенню рівня зайнятості та зростанню ВВП.
Simultaneous determination of ezetimibe, atorvastatin and simvastatin using quadrupole LC-MS: Application to combined tablets and plasma after SPE
Authors: Elawady Tarek , Ibrahim Fawzia , Khedr Alaa , Belal Fathalla
Published: September 2020

A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of ezetimibe (EZE), atorvastatin calcium (ATO), and simvastatin (SMV) in combined dosage forms and human plasma. Successful separation of the studied drugs was achieved on a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column (3.0 × 150 mm, 5 µm) using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water (65:35, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL min−1. Total run time was 9.3 min and diclofenac sodium was used as internal standard (IS). Positive selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was applied where, the monitored ions were those at m/z values of 392.1, 559.3, 296.0, and 441.4 corresponding to EZE, ATO, IS, and SMV, respectively. The method was fully validated according to the ICH guidelines. The intraday and interday precision showed relative SD values not more than 1.77 and 1.99%; respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.25, 0.25, and 0.75 ng mL−1 while the limits of quantification (LOQ) were 1.25, 0.75, and 2.5 ng mL−1 for EZE, ATO, and SMV, respectively. The developed method was applied on two types of combined tablets concerning drug assay with mean percent recoveries within acceptable range. The method has been extended to the determination of the studied drugs in human plasma where, a solid phase extraction method was optimized for their extraction with percent recovery not less than 97%.
THE ROLES OF SOPHIE NEVEU AS REFLECTION OF WOMEN’S EQUALITY IN DAN BROWN’S THE DA VINCI CODE NOVEL
Authors: Rini Rahayu , Paturohmah Pepi Siti , Suyatman Ujang
Published: September 2020

This research analyzes women‘s issues in The Da Vinci Code novel by Dan Brown. In the novel there is a female character named Sophie Neveu . Sophie's role as a woman who can be relied upon in various situations makes her considered as woman who carries the spirit of feminism. The researchers decided to examine the role of Sophie Neveu as reflection of women's equality in The Da Vinci Code novel. The main theory used is Liberal Feminism by Betty Friedan. The form used in this research is qualitative and descriptive method in process of data analysis. The results of the discussion of this research are 1). Sophie Neveu play eleven roles of masculine qualities i.e. strong woman, competitive, courageous, unyielding, confident, independent, adventurous, aggressive, assertive, intelligent and generally acting as leaders, and; 2). The factors that make Sophie Neveu able to play this role is the background of her education. The conclusions of this research are masculine characteristics that can be owned by women and men, to become advanced individuals, women as part of the community must have equal opportunities as men in getting equal education, and the last that education is very important.Keywords: Characterization, Women‘s issues, Women equality, Liberal feminism, Masculine qualities
THE TRANSLATION OF INDONESIAN PASSIVE VOICE INTO ENGLISH IN THE NOVEL 9 SUMMERS 10 AUTUMNS TRANSLATED BY MAGGIE TJIOJAKIN
Authors: Amalia Desi , Saehu Andang , Nurhapitudin Irman
Published: September 2020

The study is conducted based on qualitative research design with descriptive analysis. The data are 67 passive construction in Indonesian and English as used in the novel “9 Summers 10 Autumns (Dari Kota Apel ke The Big Apple)” and translated into “9 Summers 10 Autumns (From the City of Apples to the Big Apple). The research problems are the first what are the corresponding equivalents of Indonesian passive in English as used in the Novel 9 Summers 10 Autumns and its translation, the second what is the translation method or procedure that used in the process of passive voice translation. The steps and procedures of discovering the answer to the both of research problems are shown under the discussion of research method which includes: (1) the data source, (2) method and technique of collecting the data consisting of observation method and note-taking technique; (3) method and technique of analyzing the data. The results of the study show that among the passive in Indonesian which can be identified in SL, most are marked by prefix di- (prefix di- + verb base) and (prefix di-+ verb base + suffix –kan, -i) which are also translated into passive in English (be+past participle ) with four types namely to infinitive translation, by agent translation (stated and implied) and the rest translated into active. This clearly reveals that some passives in SL are retained, namely translated into passive in English and some others are translated into actives. Second, from the whole data analysis the researcher found 4 types of translation methods or procedures used in the passive translation, namely literal translation, transposition, modulation, and adaptation.Keywords: Passive voice, translation procedures, novel
Swearword in Steinbeck’s Novel “Of Mice and Men” and Its Indonesian Translated Version Toer’s “Tikus dan Manusia”
Authors: Nurhasanah Eka Jayanti , Sape'i Sape'i , Sugaryamah Deuis
Published: September 2020

Of Mice and Men is a novel written by John Steinbeck,  published in 1937. It tells about the story of George Milton and Lenny Small, two displaced migrant ranch workers, who move from place to lace in California in searching of a new job opportunities during the Great Depression in the United States. The novel is translated to Indonesian by Pramoedya Ananta Toer in “Tikus dan Manusia. So, it seems fun to analyse how the translator transfer meaning from source language to target language, especially in translating swearword which is found in the novel. The researcher used Hudges’s (1991) theory about swearword and Molina and Albir (2005), and Fawcet(1997) about translation techniques used by the translator. From the analysis, the researcher found 9 data of imbecile term for nuts, cuckoo, and ain’t bright, 23 data general terms for bastard and crazy, 39 data of death terms for the hell and goddamn, 6 data of mother in law terms for son of bitch, 1 data of racist for Nigger, 3 data of animal terms of rats, chicken, and cat, and 6 data of sexual irregulities for tart and bitch. It is also, 5 kinds of swearword translation techniques in the research, they are 9 data of literal translation, 1 data of particularization, 1 data of reduction, 3 data of transposition and 1 data of adaptation
Sengkarut Pola Hubungan Lembaga Penyelenggara Pemilu di Daerah Otonomi Khusus
Authors: Pasha Zahlul , Fahmi Mutiara , Akbar Khairil
Published: September 2020

This article seeks to analize the pattern of relations and authority of election agencies in special autonomous regions in Indonesia. The difference in the pattern of relations between election agencies in the special sutonomy region coincided with the implementation of asymmetric decentralization policies in Indonesia. As a result, differences in authority and specificity that is owned by one region with other regions. Whereas the Indonesian constitution based on Article 22E paragraph (5) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia states that all regulations relating to the electoral institutions in Indonesia apply nationally. The research method used is normative and empirical. This study found similarities and differences in the pattern of relationships and authority of election agencies in the special sutonomy Region. The similarity is that the election agencies in this Special Autonomous Region has lost certain duties and authorities that affect the pattern of their relationship. The difference lies in the lost duties and authority. In DKI Jakarta, the duties and responsibilities of the election organizers in the Regency/City are only in the context of assisting the Election organizing tasks in the Province. The duties and authority of the election organizers in DIY are reduced in the case of the Governor General Election. While in Aceh, the task of supervision is divided between two organizing agencies, namely the Aceh Panwaslih and the Aceh Province Panwaslih. In the future, this pattern of relations and authority will become a source of conflict and dispute. While in Papua Province, the election organize did not hold general elections due to the implementation of the noken system in some of these areas.
Persoalan Desain Kebijakan Carry Over Dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang di Indonesia Ditinjau Dari Aspek Politik Hukum
Authors: Muldan Halim Pratama  , Abdurahman Ali , Mei Susanto
Published: September 2020

As a policy that bridges the legislation program between periods, carry over in Law No. 15 of 2019 is projected to be able to prevent waste and ineffectiveness of resources as well as provide certainty for promulgation in the legislation making. However, in practice, the carry over policy has not had a significant impact by only being able to pass one of the four bills with carry over status in the National Legislation Program (Prolegnas) 2020. That is related to the design of the carry over policy which contain several problems. This paper attempts to analyze the extent of the carry over policy can be realized in the legal politics of sustainable legislation making in Indonesia. The method used is juridical-sociological research with qualitative-descriptive data analysis. The result of this analysis show that the current design of carry over policy needs to be evaluated and adjusted with the established permanent and temporary legal policy, to make it capable to realizing savings and effectiveness of resources as well as providing certainty in the effort to realize the sustainability on legislation making in Indonesia.
Legal Gap: Pertentangan Hukum Masyarakat dan Hukum Negara
Authors: Bahar Saeful Bahar
Published: September 2020

This article highlights the controversy of revised act of corruption commission (UU KPK) and of the Book of Criminal Law (KUHP) which had heated up. By using legal gap theory, this writing uncovers the legal gap between the contents of revised KUHP and living laws. Consequently, people in the grassroots level seem more enthusiastic about the issue, for example, the fines because livestock entering other people yards than weakening KPK issues that drive a wave of demonstrations at the level of well-educated people. Many studies in the sphere of sociology of law that have conducted gave much attentions to the living law or norm in the mods of society. However there is not much of them which gave attention to the legal gap phenomena, it is the incompatibility between living law and formal one. Whereas, such an approach tend to be considered late if it we aim to put the sociology of law as one discipline of social science which is useful in strengthening the law enforcement. In the hilt of the matter, there is an issue of the legal gap which should have been expressed from the beginning, mainly as to the compatibility between formal and informal law when legislation was going on. By utilizing literature study, the research found that; firstly, the resistance against revised KUHP is the logical consequence of legal gap phenomena that has potential legal conflict. Secondly, there are four major manners could be done to resolve the gap; repression, counseling, reformation and restorative justice.
A Economia Política do Gênero: Determinantes da Divisão do Trabalho
Authors: Kon Anita
Published: September 2020

RESUMO Este artigo examina algumas discussões recentes sobre divisão de trabalho entre gêneros que ocorrem no campo da economia política. Ele analisa abordagens teóricas que enfatizam a necessidade de uma teoria menos rígida, em seus limites disciplinares, e rejeita o conceito de Economia como uma entidade a-histórica e sem corpo. Discute a distribuição ocupacional de gênero, começando com um ponto de vista histórico sobre o desenvolvimento desse fenômeno e observando os impactos da demanda e da oferta de determinantes do mercado de trabalho, os efeitos da reestruturação econômica e as causas das diferenças salariais.
A Teoria da Credibilidade da Política Monetária
Authors: Mendonça Helder Ferreira de
Published: September 2020

RESUMO Este artigo analisa os principais argumentos relativos à teoria da credibilidade da autoridade monetária da literatura corrente. Nesse sentido, a origem do debate intitulado regras versus discrição é examinada e os avanços na literatura da proposta de independência do banco central. Os resultados indicam que o problema do viés inflacionário para a condução da política monetária é resultado de um conjunto de hipóteses ad hoc usadas pela literatura. Assim, os desenvolvimentos na literatura sobre a credibilidade do viés inflacionário representam um caso particular para a teoria monetária.
As Metas de Inflação: Sugestões para um Regime Permanente
Authors: Giambiagi Fabio , Carvalho José Carlos
Published: September 2020

RESUMO Em 1999, o regime de metas de inflação foi introduzido no Brasil em um ambiente com muitas incertezas e taxas de inflação relativamente altas. Como consequência, o conjunto de regras que até hoje regem o regime brasileiro ainda carece de um forte apoio institucional. Este artigo faz algumas propostas para um regime permanente de metas de inflação. Ao fazê-lo, discutimos como um maior comprometimento institucional pode ser alcançado com a configuração da meta de inflação. Também discutimos questões sobre qual deve ser o nível da meta permanente de inflação e também quanto pode ser tolerado de desvio. Com base nessas questões, sugerimos um conjunto de regras a serem adotadas no Brasil.
Flutuação Cambial e Taxa de Juros no Brasil*
Authors: SICSÚ JOÃO
Published: September 2020

RESUMO Este pequeno artigo mostra que desde 1999 a taxa de juros está correlacionada à volatilidade da taxa de câmbio no Brasil. Portanto, seria um dos motivos para não reduzir a taxa de juros no Brasil.
Characterization of Boar Studs in Brazil
Authors: Bennemann Paulo Eduardo , Bragança José Francisco Manta , Walter Marina Patricia , Bottan Juliano , Machado Sérgio Abreu
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: Understanding the flow of processes in swine production systems and how they work is fundamental to improving reproductive performance. We surveyed 32 boar studs in Brazil, representing 61.53% of the total in the country. Commercial lines were the most common breed (59.38%) used in the studs. Individual pens and stalls were the most commonly used as housing system (71.9%), and 81.25% of the studs reported having some form of thermal control system. For most of the studs (62.51%), average weekly sperm concentration was higher than 200 million cells per mL. Also, for most studs (71.88%) average weekly ejaculate volume was more than 250 mL. In 46.88% of the studs each ejaculate yielded 26 to 40 semen doses. In 6.25% of the studs, 3.5 billion sperm cells per dose were used for artificial, intracervical insemination. Sperm concentration in 46.88% of the studs was determined using a computer-assisted system analysis. The assessment of sperm quality was conducted using morphology, concentration, and microbiological testing. Employees working on semen collection had formal education of elementary/middle school (34.38%) and high school (37.5%). Most of the laboratory technicians had frequented high school (75%). The most time-consuming task was semen processing, taking 16 to 25 h a week (46.8%) and 6 to 10 h was allotted for the cleaning of stud facilities (46.8%). The data collected in the present study allow greater knowledge of this important part in the pig production chain in Brazil.
Characterization of starch from different non-traditional sources and its application as coating in ‘Palmer’ mango fruit
Authors: Rodrigues Antonio Augusto Marques , Santos Luana Ferreira dos , Costa Rayssa Ribeiro da , Félix Débora Tamara , Nascimento José Henrique Bernardino , Lima Maria Auxiliadora Coêlho de
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Yam, cassava, jackfruit seed and mango seed kernel have potential for the extraction and use as starch in the food industry of starch or for the formulation of biodegradable coatings. As a biodegradable coating, starch can be applied in fruits characterized by a fast maturation, such as mango, which requires technologies to increase its shelf life. The aim of this study was to characterize starch from four non-traditional sources and to evaluate their potential as coating for ‘Palmer’ mango fruit. Starches used were extracted from cassava, mango seed kernel, jackfruit seed, and yam, and had their physical, optical, and chemical properties characterized for later use as coatings of ‘Palmer’ mango fruit. Fruits were coated with 3% cassava starch, 3.5% jackfruit seed starch, 3.5% mango seed kernel starch and 3.5% yam starch, and were compared to the control (uncoated). They were then stored at 24.4 ± 0.3 °C and 87 ± 2% RH and evaluated for 12 days. A 5x7 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized experimental design was adopted. Total starch content was higher than 70% in the four sources of starch. Starches from jackfruit and yam had higher amylose content. The four sources of starch had low water solubility and swelling power, with jackfruit seed starch having the highest values. The coating sources were effective in maintaining quality, particularly mango seed kernel starch because it reduced respiratory rate and weight loss in 27.7% and 33.8%, respectively, as well as jackfruit seed starch as it delayed fruit skin yellowing.
Phosphorus availability in soil amended with biochar from rice rusk and cattle manure and cultivated with common bean
Authors: Torres William Gleidson Alves , Colen Fernando , Pandey Sugandha Dogra , Frazão Leidivan Almeida , Sampaio Regynaldo Arruda , Fernandes Luiz Arnaldo
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT The soils of the Brazilian Savanna are generally acidic and have low availability of nutrients, so the use of alternative inputs to improve their fertility should be investigated. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potential of biochars from rice husk (BHR) and from bovine manure (BCM) in increasing phosphorus availability and their effects on soil chemical properties and in common beans plants. The experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 4x2+3 factorial scheme with four replicates. The treatments were four biochar doses (1, 2, 3 and 4% m/v), two biochars (BRH and BCM) and three additional treatments (C1, no liming and no fertilization; C2, addition of Ca and Mg carbonate and NPK fertilizers and; C3, addition of Ca and Mg silicate and NK fertilizers). In the highest doses of BRH there was an increase of 2.7, 5.3 and 2.5 times in the P content extracted by Mehlich 1 and quantified by colorimentria, by Mehlich 1 and quantified by spectroscopy and by ion exchange resin and quantified by spectroscopy, respectively. For the highest doses of BCM, the increases in P content were 51.3, 289.2 and 88.4 times greater than in C1, respectively, according to the methods described for BRH. The biochars increased soil pH, CEC, nutrient content and the growth of bean plants compared to C1, especially BCM. However, the production of dry matter was significantly lower than that obtained in C2.
Aluminum toxicity reduces the nutritional efficiency of macronutrients and micronutrients in sugarcane seedlings
Authors: Borges Carolina Eggers , Cazetta Jairo Osvaldo , Sousa Francisco Bruno Ferreira de , Oliveira Kamilla Silva
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Although the effects of aluminum on the content and accumulation of mineral nutrients in crops have been studied, but nothing is known about its effect on the nutritional efficiency of sugarcane. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of aluminum toxicity on nutritional efficiency, nutrient accumulation, and growth of sugarcane seedling. Sugarcane seedlings of the genotype IACSP95-5000, obtained from one-bud mini-cuttings (3 cm), were used in the test. Seedlings were subjected to treatments in a completely randomized design, with eight Al concentrations in the nutrient solution (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 mg L−1) and three replicates, totaling 24 experimental units. Analyses determined the contents, accumulation, and absorption, transport, and use efficiency of macronutrients, micronutrients, and aluminum, in addition to dry matter production. The results show that Al affected all variables analyzed, with a decrease in the nutritional efficiency of macronutrients and micronutrients and a drastic decrease in the accumulation of macronutrients in the aerial part, which reflected in the decrease in the dry matter of the plants. The root system was the most affected, with a decrease in growth of up to 60%. Aluminum reduced the use efficiency of nutrient in decreasing order: Ca (69%)> N (60%)> K (59%)> Mg (50%)> S (49%)> P (40%). As for micronutrients, the following decreasing order was observed: Fe (73%)> Zn (59%) = Cu (59%)> Mn (25%).
Avaliação da resposta inicial de desenvolvimento de ensaios clínicos para COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Tatiane Bomfim , Mazotti Talita Aona , Silva Nayara Aparecida de Oliveira , Stein Airton Tetelbom , Diaz-Quijano Fredi Alexander , Melo Daniela Oliveira de
Published: September 2020

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever as características metodológicas e de boas práticas em pesquisa dos estudos de intervenção para COVID-19 desenvolvidos no Brasil nos primeiros meses da pandemia. Métodos: Revisamos o boletim da Comissão Nacional de Ética em Pesquisa - edição especial Coronavírus (CONEP-COVID) (28 de maio de 2020) e as bases International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), ClinicalTrials.gov e Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC) para identificar estudos registrados no Brasil que avaliassem intervenções de tipo de medicamento, terapia biológica ou vacinas. Descrevemos as características metodológicas e calculamos o poder para diferentes magnitudes de efeito. Resultados: Foram incluídos 62 estudos, 55 identificados no site da CONEP e mais sete nas bases de registro. As intervenções medicamentosas mais frequentemente testadas nesses estudos foram: cloroquina/hidroxicloroquina, azitromicina, plasma convalescente, tocilizumabe, sarilumabe, eculizumabe, vacina, corticoides, anticoagulantes, n-acetilcisteína, nitazoxanida, ivermectina e lopinavir/ritonavir. De 22 protocolos publicados até maio de 2020 nas bases de registro, 18 (82%) eram ensaios clínicos randomizados e 13 (59%) tinham grupo controle adequado. Entretanto, nove (41%) eram mascarados e somente cinco (24%) incluíam pacientes diagnosticados com teste de laboratório específico (por exemplo, transcrição reversa seguida de reação em cadeia da polimerase - RT-PCR). A maioria desses trabalhos teria poder > 80% apenas para identificar grandes tamanhos de efeito. Em seguimento prospectivo, observamos que 60% dos estudos disponíveis na CONEP até maio de 2020 não estavam em nenhuma das plataformas de registro (ICTRP/ReBEC/ClinicalTrials) até o dia 21 de julho de 2020. Conclusão: As intervenções avaliadas durante a resposta brasileira em pesquisa refletem iniciativas internacionais, porém com distribuição diferente, tendo número elevado de estudos que avaliam hidroxicloroquina/cloroquina. Limitações no delineamento metodológico e planejamento amostral representam desafios que podem afetar o alcance dos trabalhos.
ENSINO SUPERIOR EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: DIRETRIZES À GESTÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA
Authors: Gusso Hélder Lima , Archer Aline Battisti , Luiz Fernanda Bordignon , Sahão Fernanda Torres , Luca Gabriel Gomes de , Henklain Marcelo Henrique Oliveira , Panosso Mariana Gomide , Kienen Nádia , Beltramello Otávio , Gonçalves Valquiria Maria
Published: September 2020

RESUMO Instituições de Ensino Superior de todo o mundo foram afetadas pela pandemia da Covid-19. O prolongamento das medidas de distanciamento físico entre pessoas impõe a adaptação do ensino presencial ao formato remoto. Isso exige planejamento e consideração às condições de estudantes e professores. Neste artigo, são propostas diretrizes para orientar o trabalho de gestores universitários ao avaliarem as dificuldades e limitações impostas pela situação emergencial decorrente da pandemia, bem como lidarem com elas, de maneira a promover condições de trabalho e pedagógicas, viáveis e seguras, a professores e estudantes. Tais diretrizes são baseadas em uma concepção de Ensino Superior orientada para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de atuação profissional (em oposição à transmissão de conteúdo). São também baseadas em variáveis que interferem no processo educacional.
Controvérsias em torno do uso experimental da cloroquina / hidroxicloroquina contra a Covid-19: “no magic bullet”
Authors: Corrêa Marilena Cordeiro Dias Villela , Vilarinho Luiz , Barroso Wanise Borges Gouvea
Published: September 2020

Resumo O artigo apresenta um panorama dos testes clínicos conduzidos em 2020, que visam produzir evidências sobre a eficácia de dois medicamentos utilizados experimentalmente contra a Covid-19 - hidroxicloroquina e cloroquina -, desde que se passou a cogitar eficácia de seu uso, seja no tratamento de doentes graves, de infectados sem quadro clínico importante, ou mesmo como agente preventivo. Foram utilizados dados secundários - bancos de dados de testes clínicos, material da mídia e literatura especializada. Em meio à urgência de tratamentos para contenção da pandemia, o uso experimental gerou controvérsias inicialmente no meio científico, mas que acabaram por ser fortemente capturadas politicamente. Líderes como Trump e Bolsonaro, em discursos mal fundamentados, têm se declarado altamente favoráveis ao uso desses medicamentos, gerando uma minimização da gravidade da epidemia e, simultaneamente, negligenciando a necessidade de elevação importante de gastos públicos em saúde. Face às frágeis evidências científicas produzidas, a euforia social em torno desses medicamentos e sua promoção suscitou exageros e comportamentos irracionais, como automedicação. Esperar-se-ia de governantes e gestores de nações democráticas, muito mais cautela e responsabilidade, que contribuíssem na construção de respostas cientificamente embasadas, racionais e eficazes ao controle da pandemia, protegendo a saúde de suas populações, pressuposto do poder de Estado.
O potencial consolador das cartas psicografadas na saúde emocional de enlutados
Authors: Hott Márden Cardoso Miranda , Reinaldo Amanda Márcia dos Santos
Published: September 2020

Resumo A pesquisa objetivou conhecer o estado emocional de pessoas em luto complicado que receberem cartas escritas por médiuns, cuja emissão foi atribuída a seus entes falecidos. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 48 voluntários em três cenários, sendo um virtual e dois presenciais. Estes responderam a formulários estruturados compostos por nove perguntas que definiram o perfil dos participantes; e a 17 perguntas sobre o luto, elaboradas conforme critérios do Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-5), que verificou os sentimentos antes e depois da comunicação mediúnica. Concluímos que as mensagens contribuíram para melhorar a saúde emocional das pessoas provenientes dos cenários presenciais, interferindo positivamente na qualidade de vida, validando o conceito de “Cartas Consoladoras”.
Curando dentro, cuidando fuera: mujeres latinoamericanas y prácticas terapéuticas en el contexto migratorio transnacional
Authors: Lamarque Muriel , Gutiérrez Lourdes Moro
Published: September 2020

Resumen El siguiente artículo intenta reflexionar acerca de la relación que se construye entre las mujeres latinas migrantes y las prácticas terapéuticas, atendiendo a los roles designados o asumidos por ellas en los procesos de salud/enfermedad/atención. Se realizó una investigación etnográfica con mujeres caribeñas establecidas en España, con el fin de indagar acerca de determinadas actividades curativas y de cuidado ejercidas por ellas, tanto al interior del hogar como hacia afuera. Además del componente descriptivo, se trabajó con las narrativas y significados específicos elaborados en torno a dichas ocupaciones. Su análisis permitió identificar facetas contradictorias y conflictivas en el desarrollo de la identidad y la experiencia migratoria femenina. Por un lado, las actividades de cuidado como principal alternativa laboral evidencian la desigualdad de oportunidades y ámbitos de incidencia social accesibles a las latinoamericanas. Al mismo tiempo reflejan mecanismos de reproducción de esquemas esencialistas, que naturalizan la división del trabajo en función de “cualidades” étnicas y de género. Por otro lado, el manejo de conocimientos específicos sobre curación, tratamiento y asistencia supone para las mujeres la posesión de un papel distintivo y potencialmente empoderador al interior de la comunidad como continuadoras de determinados saberes tradicionales.