bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Traditional Elders in the Establishment of the law and order in FATA, PAKISTAN
Authors: Iqbal Shahid , Alam Intikhab
Published: May 2020

This study was carried out in Khyber Agency (FATA), with the main objective to determine the tribal thoughts towards the role of traditional elders in the establishment of law and order. The data was collected from randomly selected 380 sampled respondents, which includes people from commerce/trade community, students, Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) and representatives from political administration was randomly drawn. To see the association between independent and dependent variables chi square statistics was used. The study reveals that the local people were not happy with the Malaks’ role (traditional local leaders) for the reason of their personal interests which sustained their subjugation. It further indicates that the Malaks’ role was weakened by the stronger influence of insurgents and even their tax collection act in view of the prevalent poor law and order situation. However, the Malaks’ role was double-edged as they got benefits from the political administration on the one hand and looked for the insurgents’ help in different issues on the other. Tribal elders remained silent over misdeed in the area. The local Malaks are enjoying like bourgeoisie class as political administration and masses are bound to go in accordance with their directions. They are not facing any kind of accountability for the financial benefits awarded by the political administration. The locals were found with oppressed feelings caused by the suppressive role of Malaks. Frontier crime Regulation (FCR) which is a tribal law has enshrined power to the local Malaks and political administration. The state law, which is not in vogue in the entire tribal belt, was observed as the only mechanism to bring normalcy by narrowing the spectrum of the Malaks’ role and political administration. The local bourgeoisie (Malakān), operating around with all might’s being enjoyed and exercised on their parts through a strong endorsement from the administration needs not to be overlooked. Their role must be defined under the provision of state law enshrined through constitutional cover. This would make them accountable and sense of accountability always brings honesty, dedication and loyalty. Moreover, oppressed feeling surfaced during the study from the local masses regarding the role of these Malak would also brought under the umbrella of check and balance and thus a democratic norms would prevail in aftermath.
ترجيحات الإمام المودودي -رحمه الله- في تفسيره تفهيم القرآن
Authors: Noor Rabia
Published: May 2020

Imām Mawdūdī is among the famous commentator of Qur'ān in recent world. He is the commentator of “Tafhīm-ul-Qur'ān”. The aim of this article is deal with preferences and distinctive ideas presented by different commentators in their own commentaries so as to delineate various standpoints and interpretations. This study also highlighted a complete explanation from a single word to a complete verse of Sūrah Baqara.

The article is centered on the idea that is twofold in its nature. The former deals with the ideas of different commentators on a specific point and first of all, the verse of Qur'ān is noted down, after that the subject matter and then the researcher refers to the text of Imam Mawdūdī is highlighted. The later part of the research deals with concluding thoughts that indicates the best idea among the varieties of commentaries in the light of those principles that make it best.

The researcher has also presented primary and secondary sources of data regarding the subject matter that includes classical records and recent books. All the pertinent sources are mentioned at the footnotes of the article.
عقوبة التعدي على الأنفس وأثرهافي استتباب الأمن
Authors: Abdul Samad Ehsan Ullah , Al-Azhari Taj ud Din
Published: May 2020

This research work depicts the importance of implementing those punishment Islam prescribed against physical injury. Those punishments which involve physical injuries are mainly focused.

After establishing the validity of Islamic punishments, the writer has elaborated the punishment of those who kill or cause injuries to others unintentionally.

Considering the sensitivity of legal retribution Muslim jurists have set forth certain conditions which must be met before decreeing any capital punishment.

According the writer Islamic punishments hold the features of all contemporary theories namely; deterrent, preventive, retributive or reformative etc.

This work has addressed the following questions:

How much importance does Islam give to peace and order?

How for Islamic penalties play a role in keeping peace in a society?

How Islam has a different perspective as compared to secular schools of punishments?

What conditions Islam prescribes for implementation of any punishment?

How Islam distinguishes between a deliberate killing and killing by mistake?

What are the conditions of implementing legal retribution?

What is the overall impact of an Islamic punishment?

Relying upon quantitative method the writer attempts to elucidate on those propositions which were not clear otherwise. He relied upon those texts only which were authentic and unambiguous.  Each topic is discussed in the light of different Islamic schools of thought. The researcher has added his own opinion as well where it is necessary to illuminate the subject.
Desjudicialização - alternativa viável à efetivação do direito à saúde dejudicialization
Authors: Martini Sandra Regina , Michelon Ana Luísa , De Moraes Malheiros Joana D’Arc
Published: May 2020

Este artículo busca demostrar que existen otras formas de acceso a la justicia para consagrar el derecho a la salud, y que el fenómeno de la desjudicialización es una excelente alternativa para que las personas ejerzan sus derechos con total seguridad jurídica. Es el ejercicio del derecho a favor de la vida. Prueba de ello son los resultados positivos logrados al mediar conflictos en lugar de presentar una demanda, así como al instrumentalizar varios actos legales en notarios extrajudiciales y cámaras privadas de conciliación y mediación. La metodología utilizada fue la investigación bibliográfica de autores de renombre que comenzaron a desarrollar formas de resolución de disputas, sin la necesidad de activar el poder judicial, se realizó una investigación exploratoria en doctrina y legislación, utilizando el método deductivo. La investigación es extremadamente importante porque analiza un tema actual, que tiene repercusiones en las esferas legal y social.

 

Esse artigo busca demonstrar que existem outras formas de acesso à justiça para consagrar o direito à saúde, e que o fenômeno da desjudicialização é uma excelente alternativa para que o indivíduo exerça seus direitos com plena segurança jurídica. É o exercício do direito em favor da vida. Prova disso são os resultados positivos alcançados com a mediação de conflitos, em vez do ajuizamento de uma demanda judicial, e como com a instrumentalização de diversos atos jurídicos nos cartórios extrajudiciais e nas Câmaras Privadas de Conciliação e Medição. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica de renomados autores que passaram a desenvolver formas de solução de litígios, sem a necessidade de se acionar o Poder Judiciário, realizou-se pesquisa de cunho exploratório em doutrina e legislação, valendo-se do método dedutivo. A pesquisa é de suma importância porque analisa um tema atual, que repercute nos âmbitos jurídicos e sociais.

 

This article seeks to demonstrate that there are other forms of access to justice to consecrate the right to health, and that the phenomenon of dejudicialization is an excellent alternative for individuals to exercise their rights with full legal certainty. It is the exercise of law in favor of life. Proof of this is the positive results achieved by mediating conflicts rather than filing a lawsuit, as well as by instrumentalizing various legal acts in extrajudicial notaries and private conciliation and metering chambers. The methodology used was the bibliographic research of renowned authors who began to develop forms of dispute resolution, without the need to trigger the judiciary, was conducted exploratory research in doctrine and legislation, using the deductive method. The research is extremely important because it analyzes a current theme, which has repercussions in the legal and social spheres.
As complexas imbricações entre patentes de fármacos e doenças negligenciadas: limites e possibilidades na perspectva da saúde global
Authors: Silva De Gregori Isabel Christine , Melez Ruviaro Larissa , Facco Rocha Nathália
Published: May 2020

Podría decirse que la ciencia y la tecnología han demostrado ser grandes aliados para mantener la salud, a través de la producción de medicamentos y vacunas para garantizar la ausencia de enfermedades. Por lo tanto, es necesario investigar las posibles implicaciones entre el actual sistema internacional de patentes y el crecimiento exponencial de las enfermedades olvidadas, en vista de las perspectivas de la salud mundial. Para cumplir el objetivo propuesto, se utilizaron la teoría de la teoría sistémica y el método de enfoque deductivo. Este artículo ha sido estructurado en dos capítulos. El primero abordará los instrumentos contextuales de la salud global y la imbricación de enfermedades olvidadas. El segundo tratará con el sistema de patentes como un potencial para las enfermedades de negligencia. Sin embargo, se concluye que muchas enfermedades están más allá del interés de las industrias, ya que no representan una perspectiva lucrativa.

 

Indiscutivelmente, a ciência e a tecnologia têm se mostrado grandes aliadas da manutenção da saúde, isso por meio da produção de medicamentos e vacinas a fim de garantir a ausência de doenças. Para tanto, cumpre investigar as possíveis imbricações entre o atual sistema internacional de patentes e o crescimento exponencial das doenças negligenciadas, diante das perspectivas da saúde global. Visando cumprir o objetivo proposto utilizou-se a Teoria de Base Sistêmica e o método de abordagem dedutivo. Estruturou-se o presente artigo em dois capítulos. O primeiro abordará os instrumentos contextuais de saúde global e a imbricação das doenças negligencias. O segundo versará sobre o sistema de patentes como um potencializador das doenças negligencias. Contudo, conclui-se que muitas doenças estão à margem do  interesse das indústrias, pois não representam uma perspectiva lucrativa.

 

Arguably, science and technology have proven to be great allies of maintaining health, through the production of medicines and vaccines to ensure the absence of disease. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the possible implications between the current international patent system and the exponential growth of neglected diseases, in view of the perspectives of global health. In order to fulfill the proposed objective, the Systemic Theory Theory and the deductive approach method were used. This article has been structured into two chapters. The first will address the contextual instruments of global health and the imbrication of neglected diseases. The second will deal with the patent system as a potential for neglect diseases. However, it is concluded that many diseases are beyond the interest of industries as they do not represent a lucrative prospect.
Tahwīlu al-Ṣautiy wa al-Tarjamah Linaṣṣi “Kitābi al-Bayān” Kashaklin min Ashkāli al-Hifādz ‘Alā al-Thaqāfati al-Wathaniyah
Authors: Fransisca Malia
Published: June 2020

This research explains about preserve one of the manuscripts in the Sidoarjo Mpu Tantular Museum as a form of caring for the academic community in the fields of language and literature. Considering the explanation from  the Head of the Mpu Tantular Museum Collection Section that more than 300 manuscripts in the Mpu Tantular Museum that have been translated or translated only about 9-10 manuscripts. If those was propagated only 3% has been translated. Therefore, we want to preserve the culture of the Indonesian people through the translation and transliteration of the “Kitab al-Bayan”. This research was conducted by students of the Arabic Language and Literature study program at the Sunan Giri Bojonegoro Islamic Institute in one month at the Mpu Tantular Museum. In one month there are 3 kinds of activities at the Mpu Tantular Museum. First, copy the manuscript again so that the “Kitab al-Bayan” has a soft copy that is not susceptible to time. Second, transcription or also called transliteration. Third, language transfer is better know as the translation of a text. The method was used in this study is analytical method. So in the prosess of copying back the manuscript, transliteration and translation will be analyzed both in terms of writing and the contents of the manuscript. Analysis in terms of writing with the aim of maintaining the physical script, while analysis in terms of content is a form of maintaining the content or quality of the manuscript. So the result of this study are in the form of copying Arabic texts, transliteration and translation of “Kitab al-Bayan”.

Keywords : Translation, Transliteration, Manuscripts, Kitab al-Bayān.
Great disappointment, shifting opportunities: a glimpse into the Comintern, Western European parties and their colonial work in the Third Period
Authors: Drachewych Oleksa
Published: May 2020

In early 1929, Robin Page Arnot and James Ford, both sponsored by the Comintern, each set out on a trip to investigate what Western European communist parties had accomplished in their campaigns on colonialism and racial inequality. Both men issued stern reports suggesting more could
be done; but following these investigations a proposed European colonial conference never happened. The League Against Imperialism petered out. The International Trade Union Committee of Negro Workers formed, but consistently dealt with discrimination and received limited, if any, help from
European communist parties. Using Executive Committee politsecretariat documents, this article argues that the Comintern quickly abandoned an emphasis on colonial work, instead focusing on domestic campaigns when contacting these parties between 1929 and 1935. Highlighting the migration of
these ideas transnationally, while offering a comparative analysis of the Executive Committee of the Communist International's interventions into each party, this research serves as a starting point for further inquiry into why the Comintern elected to not press these European parties to do
more. Was their inaction because the Comintern was always Eurocentrically-minded? Was it because Comintern leaders were only paying lip service to these concepts? Was it that the Comintern prioritized other matters, especially as the Great Depression and the rise of fascism brought new challenges
to communism? This article sheds some light on these questions by exposing the way in which the Comintern instructed each party to focus on in their broader campaigns.
A Tale of Two “Educational Revolutions”. Human Capital Formation in England in the Long Run
Authors: M. de Pleijt Alexandra
Published: May 2020

Cet article retrace, au niveau régional, la trajectoire de croissance des Grammar schools en Angleterre entre 1270 et 1700. Il met en évidence l’existence de deux « révolutions éducatives ». La première eut lieu entre l’épisode de la Peste Noire et les années 1530, et peut être attribuée aux conditions favorables, en matière d’éducation, créées par le modèle de mariage européen (EMP). La seconde révolution remonte à la seconde moitié du dix-septième siècle. Singulièrement, cette phase d’expansion rapide de l’éducation fut concentrée dans les comtés du nord-ouest de l’Angleterre, qui, à cette période, connurent une phase d’urbanisation et de commercialisation rapide et qui formèrent, au dix-huitième siècle, le cœur de la Révolution Industrielle. De plus, cette même zone géographique a connu un déclin, en matière de formation de capital humain, pendant la Révolution Industrielle.
Construire la « compréhension » d’une machine
Authors: Esteban Charlotte
Published: May 2020

Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à la production de systèmes d’automatisation de dialogues, dans les domaines du marketing et de la relation-client : nous proposons d’en explorer la mise en place à travers deux projets de chatbots commerciaux. Ces systèmes, parfois assimilés à des « intelligences artificielles », requièrent un travail de scénarisation, de construction des bases de connaissances, ainsi qu’une activité de supervision continue. Si ces dispositifs font la promesse d’interagir massivement avec les clients d’une marque, la nécessité d’un travail d’attention permanent soulève la question de l’échelle d’industrialisation de ces dispositifs, qui ne peuvent fonctionner entièrement de manière automatique.
Les sciences infirmières : savoir, enseignement et soin
Authors: Cartron Emmanuelle , Lecordier Didier , Eyland Isabelle , Mottaz Anne-Marie , Jovic Ljiljana
Published: May 2020

Les compétences professionnelles et la profession infirmière connaissent des transformations majeures en France depuis quelques années : d’une part, la reconnaissance de la pratique infirmière avancée et sa mise en œuvre en 2018 et d’autre part, la création en 2019 de la section « sciences infirmières » n° 92 du Conseil national des universités qui ouvre la voie au développement de la recherche et de l’enseignement en sciences infirmières dans le milieu académique en France. Pour soutenir ces transformations, l’Arsi organise des séminaires et des colloques depuis plusieurs années. Le séminaire « Les sciences infirmières : savoir, enseignement et soin » qui s’est déroulé le 16 novembre 2019 à Paris, s’inscrit dans la continuité de ceux organisés en 2014 et 2016. Les travaux de ce séminaire portaient sur l’appropriation des savoirs infirmiers à travers, notamment, l’analyse de situations cliniques à l’aide de deux théories intermédiaires : le confort et la gestion des symptômes. Cet article rend compte dans une première partie des objectifs et de la méthodologie de travail du séminaire. La deuxième partie est consacrée au rappel des fondements théoriques. Enfin, la dernière partie présente les résultats des productions des participants des ateliers.
Étude observationnelle prospective des complications chez l’adulte atteint de cancer et bénéficiant d’une nutrition parentérale à domicile
Authors: Lacroix Catherine , Georges Geneviève , Thézenas Simon , Flori Nicolas , Francioni Laure , Janiszewski Chloé , Courraud Julie , Lecornu Héloise , de Forges Hélène , Senesse Pierre
Published: May 2020

Contexte : en France coexistent deux systèmes de soins pour les patients sous nutrition parentérale à domicile (NPAD) : les centres experts (NPAD > 12 semaines) et la nutrition hors centre expert (NPAD < 12 semaines). Objectif : évaluer les complications infectieuses et vasculaires chez l’adulte avec cancer bénéficiant d’une NPAD sur voie veineuse centrale hors centre expert. Méthode : notre étude observationnelle et prospective a inclus des adultes avec cancer, hospitalisés ≥ 48 h sous NPAD, avec indice de performance (OMS) ≤ 2 et après une consultation nutritionnelle. Résultats : 25 patients ont été inclus dans l’étude : l’âge médian était de 63 ans [19-74]. Une perte de poids ≥ 5 % était observée pour 79 % des patients. Le score Ingesta était < 7 dans 96 % des cas. 87 % des patients ont présenté des épisodes de frissons ou variations de la température corporelle, avec une médiane de 2 épisodes [1-6] par patient. Le délai médian entre la fin d’hospitalisation et le premier épisode de frissons était de 11 jours [1-85]. Une complication vasculaire (occlusion sans thrombose) a été identifiée chez un patient. Discussion : le taux élevé d’épisodes infectieux nécessite de revoir la prise en charge des patients dans le respect des recommandations. Un rapprochement des centres experts de NPAD et le partage des protocoles semble la première étape indispensable.
Integrative analysis of immune microenvironment-related CeRNA regulatory axis in gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Jie ,   Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China, Chen Jinggui , Sun Bo , Wu Jianghong , Du Chunyan
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to identify significant immune microenvironment-related competing endogenous RNA (CeRNA) regulatory axis in gastric cancer (GC). Analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) was performed for the microarray datasets. After abundance analysis of immune cell's infiltration, immune-related mRNAs and lncRNAs were obtained. Meanwhile, according to the Pearson correlation coefficient between immune-related mRNAs and lncRNAs, the co-expression mRNA-lncRNA pairs were screened. Furthermore, the target genes of co-existance miRNAs were predicted, and miRNA-lncRNA pairs were identified. Finally, the lncRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA relationship regulated by the same miRNA was screened. Combining with the co-expression relationship between lncRNA and mRNA, the CeRNA network was constructed. In abundance analysis of immune cell's infiltration, a total of eight immune cells were obtained, in addition, 83 immune-related DElncRNAs and 705 immune-related DEmRNAs were screened. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that these mRNAs were mainly involved in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and human papillomavirus infection, while lncRNA were relevant to gastric acid secretion. A total of 25 miRNAs were significantly associated with immune-related mRNAs, such as hsa-miR-148a-3p, hsa-miR-17-5p, and hsa-miR-25-3p. From the mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA CeRNA network, we observed that AC104389.28─miR-17-5─SMAD5 axis and LINC01133─miR-17-5p─PBLD axis played a crucial role in the development of GC. Furthermore, resting memory CD4 T cells and plasma cells were closely associated with the pathogenesis of GC, and these immune cells might be affected by the key genes. The present study identified key genes that associated with immune microenvironment in GC, providing potential molecular targets for immunotherapy of GC.
Evaluation of Teaching Quality of College Physical Education Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Han Ke
Published: June 2020

There are many difficulties in the evaluation of the teaching quality of phys-ical education (PE) in colleges: the evaluation factors are complicated, the evaluation systems are incomplete, and the evaluation methods are not com-prehensive enough. To overcome these difficulties, this paper introduces an-alytic hierarchy process (AHP) to the evaluation of PE teaching quality in colleges. Firstly, the authors identified the influencing factors of PE teaching in colleges today. Next, an index system was established for the evaluation, and an evaluation model was set up based on the AHP and grey system theo-ry (GST). Finally, our method was proved feasible through example analysis. The research results provide new insights on the application of state-of-the-art theories in quality evaluation of higher education.
La violence de la dictature brésilienne revisitée : les contributions de l’installation « Salle obscure de torture » à une esthétique de la mémoire dans l’art contemporain
Authors: Braga dos Santos Vivian
Published: June 2020

L’installation « Salle Obscure de Torture », créée en 1972 par un groupe d’artistes latino-américains exilés en France, a un intérêt artistique encore peu exploré par la critique d’art. L’analyse de ce travail permet d’élargir l’étude des relations entre art, militantisme et traumatisme. En outre, les stratégies plastiques et esthétiques mises en œuvre pour aborder la violence des dictatures latino-américaines se révèlent d’une grande valeur pour comprendre l’art de la mémoire au Brésil.
Early Childhood Curriculum Leadership
Authors: Castner Daniel J.
Published: June 2020

This chapter puts theory and research in curriculum, leadership, and early childhood teaching in dialogue to consider possibilities for early childhood curriculum leadership. Structures of macro-curriculum design and micro-curricular approaches to curriculum implementation elucidated conceptual orientations, political interests, and processes involved in curriculum leadership. By building off of the strengths, while also recognizing the limitations of disparate factions of curriculum studies, the chapter concludes with a vision for democratic curriculum leadership. Democratic curriculum leadership simultaneously embraces critical awareness and pragmatic artistry to elevate the professional integrity of early childhood teachers. For these reasons, early childhood curriculum leadership has the potential to democratize early education, elevating teachers to the status of lead professionals who balance various and sometimes competing obligations of teaching young children.
The Disruptive Potential of Critical Writing Pedagogies in Elementary Literacy Methods Courses
Authors: Woodard Rebecca , Schutz Kristine M.
Published: June 2020

This chapter shares three portraits of practice from the authors' implementation of a critical writing pedagogy in an elementary ELA methods course. Critical writing pedagogies that acknowledge writing as a sociopolitical act, consider power relations and broad social forces, and position youth as social agents are uncommon in both k-12 and teacher education contexts. In sharing rich descriptions of a theoretically-driven literacy methods courses, the chapter explores how pre-service teachers engaged with and responded to three specific aspects of the course: the course launch, the use of critical reading to support writing, and a critical writing workshop. The authors discuss the tensions they experienced in their attempts towards multiple kinds of disruption and conclude with recommendations for future research.
Utilizing Feminist Pedagogy to Foster Preservice Teachers' Critical Consciousness
Authors: Whitaker Manya C.
Published: June 2020

This chapter describes a longitudinal case study investigating the use of feminist pedagogy to foster preservice teachers' critical consciousness in a Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT) program. Courses in the program were revised to intentionally employ the feminist pedagogical elements of personal experience, power awareness, community-building, identity awareness, and intentional reflection. Coursework, focus groups, and interviews from three cohorts of teacher candidates were analyzed for dimensions of critical consciousness according to Freirean principles. Across cohorts, students demonstrated a deep awareness of racialized systems of power that affect educational processes. Most students were able to decode educational rhetoric and challenge the assumptions and biases embedded within. While all students expressed a deep commitment to inclusive teaching and could articulate multicultural teaching methods, most admitted to not yet having the depth of knowledge necessary and/or the emotional fortitude to combat systems of inequity beyond their classrooms.
Levels of Care in the Intensive Care Unit: A Research Program
Authors: Cook Deborah , Rocker Graeme , Marshall John , Griffith Lauren , McDonald Ellen , Guyatt Gordon ,   for the Level of Care Study Investigators and the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group
Published: June 2020

A multidisciplinary research program on levels of care was conducted in 15 adult intensive care units in North America, Europe, and Australia. The program addressed advance directives for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, provision of advanced life support, and clinicians’ discomfort with evolving treatment plans. The results indicated that the factors that determined the establishment of directives for advance life support differed from the factors that informed a decision to limit or withdraw support after admission to an intensive care unit. In addition, clinicians’ prognoses were imprecise and often an underestimation of the probability of short-term survival. Finally, some degree of discomfort was common in care providers in the intensive care unit, most often because they thought interventions were excessive and not compatible with an acceptable future quality of life. The provision of advanced life support mandates explicit decision making about how life-support measures should be used.
IgA Nephropathy Benefits from Compound K Treatment by Inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 Inflammasome and Enhancing Autophagy and SIRT1
Authors: Wu Chung-Yao , Hua Kuo-Feng , Hsu Wan-Han , Suzuki Yusuke , Chu Lichieh Julie , Lee Yu-Chieh , Takahata Akiko , Lee Sheau-Long , Wu Chia-Chao , Nikolic-Paterson David J. , Ka Shuk-Man , Chen Ann
Published: June 2020

IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common primary glomerular disorder, has a relatively poor prognosis yet lacks a pathogenesis-based treatment. Compound K (CK) is a major absorbable intestinal bacterial metabolite of ginsenosides, which are bioactive components of ginseng. The present study revealed promising therapeutic effects of CK in two complementary IgAN models: a passively induced one developed by repeated injections of IgA immune complexes and a spontaneously occurring model of spontaneous grouped ddY mice. The potential mechanism for CK includes 1) inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in renal tissues, macrophages and bone marrow–derived dendritic cells, 2) enhancing the induction of autophagy through increased SIRT1 expression, and 3) eliciting autophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. The results support CK as a drug candidate for IgAN.
Association between Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Calorie Restriction in Obese Females
Authors: Sbierski-Kind Julia , Mai Knut , Kath Jonas , Jurisch Anke , Streitz Mathias , Kuchenbecker Leon , Babel Nina , Nienen Mikalai , Jürchott Karsten , Spranger Leonard , Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg Reiner , Decker Anne-Marie , Krüger Ulrike , Volk Hans-Dieter , Spranger Joachim
Published: June 2020

The worldwide epidemic of overweight and obesity has led to an increase in associated metabolic comorbidities. Obesity induces chronic low-grade inflammation in white adipose tissue (WAT). However, the function and regulation of both innate and adaptive immune cells in human WAT under conditions of obesity and calorie restriction (CR) is not fully understood yet. Using a randomized interventional design, we investigated postmenopausal overweight or obese female subjects who either underwent CR for 3 mo followed by a 4-wk phase of weight maintenance or had to maintain a stable weight over the whole study period. A comprehensive immune phenotyping protocol was conducted using validated multiparameter flow cytometry analysis in blood and s.c. WAT (SAT). The TCR repertoire was analyzed by next-generation sequencing and cytokine levels were determined in SAT. Metabolic parameters were determined by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. We found that insulin resistance correlates significantly with a shift toward the memory T cell compartment in SAT. TCR analysis revealed a diverse repertoire in SAT of overweight or obese individuals. Additionally, whereas weight loss improved systemic insulin sensitivity in the intervention group, SAT displayed no significant improvement of inflammatory parameters (cytokine levels and leukocyte subpopulations) compared with the control group. Our data demonstrate the accumulation of effector memory T cells in obese SAT and an association between systemic glucose homeostasis and inflammatory parameters in obese females. The long-standing effect of obesity-induced changes in SAT was demonstrated by preserved immune cell composition after short-term CR-induced weight loss.
Efektivitas Infusum Daun Durian (Durio zibethinus) Sebagai Anestesi Alami Ikan Lele (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Pramono Taufik Budhi , Yudhistira Candro Bagaskara , Sukardi Purnama
Published: May 2020

Bahan anestesi buatan atau alami sangat dibutuhkan dalam transportasi ikan hidup, karena ikan secara fisiologi harus tetap hidup dan sehat sampai tempat tujuan. Daun durian adalah merupakan salah satu bahan alami yang dapat digunakan sebagai anetesi dalam transport karena mengandung mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti saponin, tanin dan flavonoid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui konsentrasi efektif infusum daun durian sebagai anestesi ikan lele terhadap waktu induksi dan sedatif, profil glukosa darah dan sintasan. Ikan dengan berat rataan 185,62 ± 9,06 g dalam 3 L air dengan konsentrasi bahan anestesi daun durian yang berbeda digunakan untuk mengetahui status pingsan ikan. Rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan (konsentrasi infusum daun durian 5%, 15%, 25%, dan 35%.) dan tiga ulangan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi terbaik yang diperoleh adalah 35%, dengan waktu induktif 9 menit-19 detik dan waktu sedatif 1 menit-42 detik. Sintasan ikan lele pada perlakuan terbaik sebesar 88.89%, dengan kadar glukosa darah sebesar 63,23 mg/dL.
Water Masses Characteristics at the Western Pasific Equator on August 2018
Authors: Kolibongso Duaitd
Published: May 2020

The Western Pacific Equator waters are a meeting place for water masses coming from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. This study aims to identify the characteristics of water masses formed in the waters of Northern Papua. The study of water mass characteristics in the northern waters of Papua was carried out based on reanalysis data from the World Ocean Atlas (WOA) in August 2018. There were 12 stations divided into 3 transects to be analyzed in this study, namely transect 1 and transect 2 which stretched north-south and transect 3 which stretches east-west. The analysis were performed by method of the core layer and was processed with Sofware Ocean Data View (ODV). The results showed in the waters of North Papua there was a meeting of 2 water masses from the North Pacific and South Pacific. The water masses characteristics in latitudes <5 oLU are affected by surface and intermediates of the South Pacific carried by the Papua New Guinea Coastal Current that flows along the northern coast of Papua New Guinea and into Papua waters and beyond into the waters of the Halmahera Sea. Whereas the mass of water in latitudes > 5 oLU is dominated by surface and intermediate water masses from the North Pacific carried by North Equatorial Counter Current.
Pattern Zone Ecosystem of Mangrove in Juanga Village, Morotai Island District
Authors: Koroy Kismanto , Muhammad Sandra Hi. , Nurafni Nurafni , Boy Nurti
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTMangroves are one of the most important natural resources in coastal areas. Availability of various types of food that are on ecosystems is already making its presence as a local nursery, where searching for eating and also serve as a regional tourist ecosystem of mangrove. In use as Regional tourist mangrove need to attention the condition of the physical environment and the distribution pattern of zoning. Research is carried out in the month October to November 2019 in the village of Juanga Regency island of Morotai. Data zoning mangrove using the method of the combination is to combine the methods of plots to track transects, to determine the four stations of observation of each respective stations and each station is divided into three zones: zone front, zone of middle and zone back starting from the point of the outermost growth of types of mangrove constituent primary to the point of transition between sea and land. The research results of the study found 5 types of mangroves namely Rhizophora mucronata, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Xylocarpus granatum and Sonneratia alba. The distribution of zoning patterns in the front zones of station I and the middle zone is dominated by Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora apiculata types, the rear zone is dominated by Ceriops decandra. Station II front zone is dominated by Sonneratia alba, middle zone (Rhizophora mucronata), rear zone (Ceriops decandra). At station III the front zone (Rhizophora apiculata), the middle zone and the rear zone (Ceriops decandra) while at station IV the front zone, the middle zone and the rear zone are dominated by the Ceriops decandra type.
Karakteristik Morfologi dan Indeks Ekologi Bulu Babi (Echinoidea) di Perairan Desa Wawama Kabupaten Pulau Morotai
Authors: Alwi Djainudin , Muhammad Sandra Hi. , Tae Irwanto
Published: May 2020

Bulu babi ditemukan hampir disetiap wilayah perairan pulau-pulau yang tersebar di Indonesia. Salah-satunya adalah di Desa Wawama Kabupaten Pulau Morotai. Masyarakat setempat memanfaatkan bulu babi sebagai bahan makanan, namun pengetahuan mengenai bulu babi sendiri hanyalah semata-mata sebagai bahan makanan yang bernilai ekonomis. Sedangkan aspek morfologi dan ekologi sampai sejauh ini belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari karateristik morfologi dan menganalisis indeks ekologi bulu babi (Echinoidea). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Novermber-Desember 2019 bertempat di Desa Wawama Kecamatan Morotai Selatan Kabupaten Pulau Morotai. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada perbedaan karateristik morfologi dari jenis bulu babi yang ditemukan dilokasi penelitian baik dari bentuk tubuh, warna maupun organ lainnya. Hasil analisis indeks ekologi untuk nilai kepadatan bulu babi terlihat bervariasi, dimana jenis Diadema setosum memiliki nilai tertinggi disemua stasiun penelitian. Keanekaragaman jenis pada ke tiga stasiun dengan kisaran nilai 0,658-1,032-1,336 dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 1,009, sesuai pada kriteria keanekaragaman jenis (H’) pada analisis Shannon Winner kategori sedang. Indeks kemerataan (E) kategori cukup merata karena nilai yang diperoleh berkisar antara 0,329-0,346 rata-rata sebesar 0,336 dan indeks dominasi (C) dinyatakan tidak ada spesies yang mendominasi karena nilai yang diperoleh berkisar antara 0,275-0,535 dengan niali -rata dari tiga stasiun sebesar 0,396.

Kata-kata kunci : Kateristik morfologi; indeks ekologi; bulu babi
Africa Against COVID-19: Can National Solidarity Complements Health System Weaknesses? -the Moroccan Experience-
Authors: Souadka Amine , Benkabbou Amine , Majbar Mohammed Anass , Essangri Hajar , Amrani Laila , Mohsine Raouf , Akhnif EL Houcine
Published: June 2020

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Korelasi Khotbah Ekspositori dan Antusias Jemaat dalam Beribadah di GBI Mawar Sharon Cileungsi
Authors: Waruwu Adelius , Silalahi Junior Natan , Johannis Abraham , Siahaan Haposan
Published: May 2020

Abstract. This article examines the correlation between expository preaching and congregational enthusiasm in worship at GBI Mawar Sharon Cileungsi. The research was conducted with quantitative research methods. After conducting research in accordance with a standard methodology, the results obtained from the calculation of the correlation between the two variables amounted to 0.764 and included in the positive and strong category. Based on the regression test the regression results obtained between the two variables amounted to 0.575 or 57% which means that the application of the influence of expository sermons contributed 57% to the increase in enthusiasm of worshipers in church worship. The application of expository sermons to increase congregational enthusiasm in worship can be applied because it has good influence, but this cannot be used as the sole reference because there are still other factors that affect the level of enthusiasm of the congregation.Abstrak. Artikel ini mengkaji korelasi khotbah ekspositori dan antusias jemaat dalam beribadah  di  GBI Mawar Sharon Cileungsi. Adapun penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Setelah melakukan penelitian sesuai dengan metodologi yang baku, maka didapat hasil perhitungan korelasi antara kedua variabel adalah sebesar 0,764 dan masuk pada kategori positif dan kuat. Berdasarkan uji regresi didapat hasil regresi antara kedua variabel sebesar 0,575 atau 57% yang berarti bahwa penerapan pengaruh khotbah ekspositori memberi kontribusi sebesar 57% terhadap peningkatan antusias jemaat dalam beribadah di gereja. Penerapan khotbah ekspositori untuk meningkatkan antusias jemaat dalam beribadah bisa diterapkan karena memiliki pengaruh yang baik, namun hal tersebut tidak bisa dijadikan satu-satunya acuan karena masih ada faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi tingkat antusias jemaat.
A Healthy Rhythm of Rest: Why a Sound Theology and Spiritual Praxis of Rest Matters to Life and Ministry
Authors: Woon Richard Peck
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The article is for full-time Christian professionals to consider the importance of constructing a sound theology and spiritual praxis of rest in the context of life experience and practical ministry. It seeks to answer two critical questions from the perspective of the Sabbath, "What is the meaning of rest from a biblical perspective?" and "what is the role of rest in life and ministry". The intent is for ministers to value rest in the form of a sabbatical life that combines worship, work, and service within an essential relationship with God. A rhythm of rest is produced when our values and priorities are integrated into God's sovereign purpose. This is essential for the busy pastor who is actively engaging in ministry without enjoying God. If God is apparently absent in our relationship, then ministry loses its spiritual meaning and quality. It becomes a form of self-idolatry. A healthy faith restores our true rest.
Female orgasm disorder. Anorgasmia
Authors: Stuparu Cristina
Published: June 2020

Orgasm disorder in women has become an increasingly common reason to consult a doctor, psychotherapist, but especially a sexologist. In this paper we will try to define the concept of anorgasmia, but first we should clarify the terminology. In women, anorgasmia can be caused by various physical and psychological factors that influence the pelvic floor area, having certain associations with other symptoms of sexual dysfunction, such as vulvodynia, dyspareunia, and loss of sexual desire or libido. We will address female orgasm disorder by integrating some elements of psychosexual history and its characteristics. We shall explain the onset, manifestation of this disorder, the causes, the clinical approach, the treatment, and we shall explore the physiological and psychological factors involved in this female orgasm disorder.
Honour-Based Crimes in Pakistan: Narratives of Victims, Aggressors and Bystanders
Authors: Rafi Muhammad Shaban
Published: May 2020

The study explores the causes of honour-based crimes through the narratives of victims, aggressors and bystanders, which were unfolded in documentary films: A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness (2015) and Saving Face (2012). Selected narratives are interpreted by taking the sociocultural perspectives that draw on the cultural manifestation of honour crimes. The study shows that the ‘ideology of honour’ is one of the major causes of honour- crimes in Pakistan. Unlike Western discourses, which empower a woman institutionally to resist honour crimes, Pakistani women are either hushed or forced to compromise despite the presence of law to punish the aggressors. The study recommends that state and nonstate institutions play an effective role through the local councils of Pakistan in dealing with honour crimes and rehabilitation of victims through the provision of remunerative work.
DESARROLLO E IMPLANTACIÓN DE UNA PLATAFORMA WEB PARA LA COMUNICACIÓN INTERNA Y CON LAS FAMILIAS UTILIZANDO G SUITE
Authors: Poveda-Moragón José Manuel , Martínez-Ballester Nestor
Published: June 2020

En un centro escolar se genera constantemente información, por lo que la buena gestión que se hace de ella es muy importante para una buena coordinación. Tanto los trabajadores como las familias tienen derecho a acceder a determinada información que ayude a mejorar el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de sus hijos e hijas para unos, alumnos y alumnas para otros, y que, además, pueda hacerlos mejores personas. Gracias a Google y las herramientas de explotación que ofrece de manera gratuita a los centros escolares se ha podido crear una infraestructura tecnológica propia, compuesta de diferentes plataformas web también propias y creadas por el profesorado de nuestro centro e impulsada desde el equipo directivo. Para ello, se han utilizando los recursos de software gratuitos que ofrece Google y que hacen posible un acceso a la información rápido y fiable por parte de las familias y personal del centro educativo. Los beneficios que la creación de esta infraestructura tecnológica supondrá para la comunidad educativa (familias, alumnado, profesorado, PAS y equipo directivo) son muchos, pudiéndose medir sus resultados con indicadores tanto de rendimiento como de satisfacción y aplicaciones gratuitas de análisis de datos.
Friedrich Engels y Karl Marx: Sobre la superación de la escasez material como condición económica para la realización plena del proyecto comunista de la emancipación de la humanidad
Authors: Martínez-Bautista Juan Vicente
Published: June 2020

Friedrich Engels junto con Karl Marx son los constructores de la concepción materialista de la historia, la crítica de la economía política y el socialismo científico. Y al reflexionar sobre el proyecto comunista de la emancipación de la humanidad, llegan a la conclusión, que la superación de la escasez material es la condición económica fundamental para lleva a cabo la realización total del dicho proyecto. En particular, cuando Engels correlaciona e identifica respectivamente los conceptos de reino de la necesidad y de reino de la libertad con los conceptos de Marx de la prehistoria de la humanidad y la sociedad verdaderamente humana; no sólo los fundamenta filosóficamente, sino que también les da especificación histórica y material. Aquí radica la contribución de Engels al proyecto del socialismo científico.
Las comunidades de aprendizaje y la actualización docente socioformativa para la sostenibilidad: Un Análisis documental
Authors: Luna-Conejo Berenice
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo surge ante la ausencia de mucha información sobre la relación de las comunidades con la actualización docente socioformativa. Los problemas que se presentan en la educación convencional que son: los daños ecológicos como el cambio climático, la destrucción de la naturaleza por el consumismo y la tecnología que se están generando en el planeta, y tiene como propósito ofrecer alternativas que contribuyan desde la actualización docente el atender estos problemas, desde un desarrollo sostenible. La investigación contiene un análisis documental de la relevancia de la actualización docente mediante este enfoque. A través de la dialogicidad entre los docentes les permite tener una reflexión profunda de los problemas del contexto, con espacios que permitan la interacción, así como encontrar una solución de situaciones reales y el impacto con las comunidades de aprendizaje.
Flipped teaching and interactive tools. A multidisciplinary innovation experience in higher education
Authors: Artal-Sevil Jesús Sergio , Gargallo-Castel Ana Felicitas , Valero-Gracia Marta Sofía
Published: May 2020

Nowadays learning methods in higher education are under a constant review process. Applications focused on Blended-Learning allow to speed-up the learning process; this facilitates the design and implementation of interactive resources in the classroom. The present study shows an experience developed with engineering master students. Flipped Teaching approach has achieved significant mention in academic circles in recent years. Undoubtedly, the implementation of this educational methodology improves students’ motivation and increases their participation in the classroom. In this paper different Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) tools and multimedia resources that facilitate the teaching sessions are presented. Its use has been simple and intuitive. These educational tools increase the skills, abilities and competences acquired by students. The objective is to achieve more interactive learning. Students positively value this activities related to the Flipped Learning. In addition, students prefer teaching-learning procedures more dynamic, flexible, creative, participatory and with continuous evaluation. Although the general impression is that they need more effort and more dedication, compared to the Traditional Teaching. Every time there is a greater number of educational tools and electronic devices for higher education. However, its use must be correct so that it can be useful in training students.