bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CBX8 Promotes Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition, Migration, and
Invasion of Lung Cancer through Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Cai Xiaoping , Lv Yuankai , Pan Jiongwei , Cao Zhuo , Zhang Junzhi , Li Yuling , Zheng Hao
Published: January 2024

Background:

Lung cancer (LC) is primarily responsible for cancer-related deaths
worldwide. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process in which epithelial cells acquire
mesenchymal features and is associated with the development of tumors. CBX8, a member of the
PcG protein family, plays a critical role in various cancers, containing LC. However, specific regulatory
mechanisms of CBX8 in LC progression are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate
the regulatory role of CBX8 in LC progression.

Methods:

Bioinformatics was used to analyze the relationship between CBX8 level and tumor and
the enrichment pathway of CBX8 enrichment. qRT-PCR was used to detect the differential expression
of CBX8 in LC cells and normal lung epithelial cells. The effects of knockdown or overexpression
of CBX8 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of LC cells were evaluated by CCK-
-8 assay and Transwell assay, and the levels of proteins associated with the EMT pathway and Wnt/
β-catenin signaling pathway were detected by western blot.

Results:

Bioinformatics analysis revealed that CBX8 was highly expressed in LC and enriched on
the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The expression level of CBX8 was significantly elevated in
LC cells. Knockdown of CBX8 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion,
and decreased the expression levels of EMT-related proteins and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related
proteins. Conversely, overexpression of CBX8 promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion,
and increased the expression levels of EMT-related proteins and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related
proteins. The Wnt inhibitor IWP-4 alleviated the effects produced by overexpression of
CBX8.

Conclusion:

Collectively, these data demonstrated that CBX8 induced EMT through Wnt/β--
catenin signaling, driving migration and invasion of LC cells.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization of Novel Furan-ring Fused
Chalcones via Radical Cyclization of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones and Cyclic
Ketone
Authors: Burgaz Emine Vildan , Noshadi Bahareh , Yakut Mehtap
Published: January 2024

Novel Furan-ring Fused Chalcones (FFC) were synthesized using a radical cyclization reaction
of α,β-unsaturated ketones with cyclic ketone as the model reaction to attain this goal. In this study,
traditional and microwave-assisted methods for the efficient and cost-effective synthesis of furan-ring
fused chalcones in mild reaction conditions are compared and optimized. The goal is to develop a reliable
and adaptable synthetic technique that may be used to produce these useful chalcone derivatives
quickly and effectively. The optimal experimental conditions for these reactions were carefully determined
using two independent methodologies: conventional (Method A) and microwave (Method B).
The results indicated that the proposed method B could be used effectively in the future to synthesize
novel furans with short reaction times and acceptable yields (87-94 %), and products were purified by
column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC). All new compounds were
characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC-MS, and elemental analyses.
The Amelioration of Side Effects Associated with Chemotherapy
Authors: Agrawal Priya , Jain Mayank
Published: January 2024

Chemotherapy is a multimodal strategy that entails very complicated regimens to treat
cancer. Despite the better effectiveness and increased longevity afforded by chemotherapy, its side
effects and long-term sequelae continue to be significant causes of worry for both physicians and patients.
The patients often experience nausea, vomiting, cardiac toxicity, lung toxicity, hepatotoxicity,
nephrotoxicity, etc., as adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The ignorance of toxicity caused by the current
medications can cause long-term consequences or can cause new side effects that only make patients
feel worse. These side effects need to be facilitated to ensure the patient's safety. New methods
to increase tolerance and lessen the impact of cancer chemotherapy are urgently required. The current
study is focused on various toxicities associated with chemotherapy and their amelioration by substituent
medications or methods.
Cross-talk between Enzyme Micellar Systems and Tumor Microenvironment: A Strategy for Tackling Cancer
Authors: Singh Dilpreet
Published: January 2024

Cancer therapy has evolved beyond targeting malignant cells alone, recognizing the pivotal
role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in disease progression. Enzyme micellar systems, a
subset of nanomedicine, offer a cutting-edge approach by exploiting the intricate interplay between
therapeutic delivery and the TME. Engineered to respond to enzymatic cues, these systems enable
targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and modulation of the tumor milieu. This review delves
into the cross-talk between enzyme micellar systems and the TME, showcasing their potential as a
transformative strategy for tackling cancer. The principles of system design, the dynamic interactions
within the TME, and their collective impact on therapeutic outcomes are explored through case studies,
challenges, and ethical considerations. By bridging the advances in nanotechnology and the complexities
of the TME, enzyme micellar systems emerge as a paradigm shift, redefining the landscape
of cancer therapy toward precision and efficacy.
A Review of Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants as a Novel Source of
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: Future Perspective of New Challenges
Against Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ouassou Hayat , Elhouda Daoudi Nour , Bouknana Saliha , Abdnim Rhizlan , Bnouham Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Intracellular glucose concentration plays a crucial role in initiating the molecular secretory
process of pancreatic β-cells through multiple messengers and signaling pathways. Cyclic nucleotides
are key physiological regulators that modulate pathway interactions in β -cells. An increase
of cyclic nucleotides is controled by hydrolysed phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which degrades
cyclic nucleotides into inactive metabolites. Despite the undeniable therapeutic potential of PDE
inhibitors, they are associated with several side effects. The treatment strategy for diabetes based on
PDE inhibitors has been proposed for a long time. Hence, the world of natural antidiabetic medicinal
plants represents an ideal source of phosphodiesterase inhibitors as a new strategy for developing
novel agents to treat diabetes mellitus. This review highlights medicinal plants traditionally
used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus that have been proven to have inhibitory effects on PDE
activity. The contents of this review were sourced from electronic databases, including Science
Direct, PubMed, Springer Link, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online, Scifinder and Google
Scholar. These databases were consulted to collect information without any limitation date. After
comprehensive literature screening, this paper identified 27 medicinal plants that have been reported
to exhibit anti-phosphodiesterase activities. The selection of these plants was based on their
traditional uses in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The review emphasizes the antiphosphodiesterase
properties of 31 bioactive components derived from these plant extracts. Many
phenolic compounds have been identified as PDE inhibitors: Brazilin, mesozygin, artonin I, chalcomaracin,
norartocarpetin, moracin L, moracin M, moracin C, curcumin, gallic acid, caffeic acid,
rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, catechin, kaempferol, chlorogenic acid, and ellagic acid. Moreover,
smome lignans have reported as PDE inhibitors: (+)-Medioresinol di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (+)-
Pinoresinol di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (+)-Pinoresinol-4-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-dglucopyranoside,
Liriodendrin, (+)-Pinoresinol 4′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and forsythin. This review
provides a promising starting point of medicinal plants, which could be further studied for the
development of natural phosphodiesterase inhibitors to treat diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is important
to consider clinical studies for the identification of new targets for the treatment of diabetes.
A Novel Mutation (Lys31Arg) in the DMD Gene Impacts on Neuromuscular
Dysfunctions Found by Whole Exome Sequencing and In Silico Analyses in
an Iranian Family
Authors: Omarmeli Vahid , Lewandrowski Kai-Uwe , Assefi Marjan , Faizmahdavi Hanieh , Sharafshah Alireza , Mansouri Nasrin
Published: January 2024

Background:

Duchene Muscular Disorder (DMD) is a severe X-linked recessive neuromuscular
disease. Previous reports predicted that one-third of cases with a fatal X-linked recessive
disease will be caused by a novel mutation, and the mutation rate for DMD seems to be
higher in males.

Objective:

A novel mutation in the DMD gene DMD (NM_004006.3):c.92A>G (p.Lys31Arg) is
suggested for males because of their heterozygous mothers carrying the mutant alleles

Method:

Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was done for a 25-year-old female followed by the
screening of the novel mutation in her parents and her brother by the Sanger sequencing technique.
Some in silico analyses were run to find the putative alterations in wild-type and mutant
structures by PolyPhen-2 and Mupro. Notably, SWISS-MODEL was performed to build a reliable
model for the mutant allele based on the PDB ID: 1DXX structure. Also, superimposition
was done by PyMol.

Results:

WES analysis revealed three novel mutations including DLD (exon13:c.G1382A:p.
G461E), ABCA3 (exon12:c.G1404C:p.W468C), and DMD (exon2:c.A92G:p.K31R) in the case.
Focusing on DMD mutation, Sanger sequencing of the patient’s parents and brother indicated no
mutant allele in her mother and brother but a mutant allele in her father as a hemizygous pattern.
In silico analyses showed no considerable change regarding pathogenic impact.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, our findings revealed no pathogenic effect of the new mutation (K31R)
of the DMD gene in an Iranian 25-year-old woman. Because of the DMD importance in preclinical
diagnosis, these data may shed a light on the diagnosis of this mutation in future pregnancies.
Herbal Medicine and Skeletal Muscle Atrophy: From Basic Science to
Translational Medicine
Authors: Seifi Sima , Karimi Afshin , Marjani Abdoljalal , Maftooh Mina , Ghorbani Elnaz , Fiuji Hamid , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Ferns Gordon A. , Khazaei Majid , Hassanian Mehr Seyed Mahdi , Avan Amir
Published: January 2024

Muscle atrophy is the volume loss and strength of muscle and happens in various
conditions, such as starvation, nerve cutting, cancer cachexia, heart failure, old age, and immobility.
Muscle atrophy is increasing every year and is usually associated with a low quality of
life. In the time of muscle atrophy, systems of proteolytic are turned on and muscle proteins are
degraded, leading to the contraction of muscle fibers. However, the precise mechanisms involved
in muscle atrophy, as well as effective treatments, remain to be investigated. The purpose
of this article is to give an overview of the effectiveness of supplements, herbs, and herb bioactive
compounds on muscle atrophy. The significant beneficial effects of some plants and plantderived
natural products, including curcumin, geranylgeraniol, resveratrol, soy protein, green tea,
and coffee, on muscle atrophy are reviewed in this review article. According to clinical investigations,
these natural products may positively affect the physical function of muscles, including hand
grip strength and knee tension, weight-lifting capacity, muscle fatigue, time and distance traveled
before feeling tired, mitochondrial function and average muscle fiber level. However, more clinical
trials are necessary to explore the possible value of herbal agents on skeletal muscle atrophy.
Preoperatively Confirmed Idiopathic Myointimal Hyperplasia of the Mesenteric Veins: A Case Report
Authors: Kosako Yost Kelli , Salehpour Kaivan , Tschirhart Donald , Gomez Adam Joseph , Patel Neej Jash , Alishahi Yasmin
Published: January 2024

Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins (IMHMV) is a rare cause of colonic ischemia. First documented in the literature in 1991, this condition has remained exceedingly rare, with only a limited number of case reports since its initial mention. It involves proliferation of intimal smooth muscle within the mesenteric veins, resulting in colonic ischemia due to venous constriction and non-thrombotic occlusion. Patients experience a prolonged clinical course and adverse outcomes due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms. The definitive diagnosis is typically confirmed after surgical resection of the affected colon, as initial biopsies are not deep enough to confirm the diagnosis. Histological examination of these biopsies reveals arteriolization of capillaries, subendothelial hyaline deposits, and fibrin thrombi. We present a case of a patient with a one-year history of diarrhea and abdominal pain. Biopsy samples obtained during colonoscopy showed colitis and proliferation of muscularized capillaries, consistent with IMHMV, prior to colon resection. The patient ultimately underwent laparoscopic total abdominal colectomy to the distal one-third of the rectum with end ileostomy. IMHMV is commonly treated surgically and mismanagement of this condition involving corticosteroids and immunomodulatory agents may result in unfavorable outcomes. This case report is one of the few cases of IMHMV diagnosed preoperatively within existing literature, which highlights a rare etiology of nonspecific colitis, emphasizing the critical divergence in its management approach.
Review of Clean Water Supply System Development's Feasibility in Indonesia's Samosir Regency
Authors: Sitohang Oloan , Munthe Kornel , Manurung Edison Hatoguan , Naibaho Pio Ranap Tua , Wardiningsih Sitti
Published: January 2024

Around 15,352 families (42.66 percent) in Samosir Regency still have access to clean water, which is still a rather low percentage compared to the remaining 20,638 families (57.34 percent) who do not. The local government is concerned with this situation in order to create the BUMD PDAM Samosir Regency. This research was done to see if it would be possible to start a local water firm in Samosir Regency. In order to determine whether there is a potential water source that is adequate, sustainable, and manageable economically and profitably in the context of public services, as well as whether the establishment of PDAM Samosir Regency is worth reviewing, interviews and questionnaires were distributed to the community, SPAM owners, and State Civil Servants. In addition to socioeconomic factors, there are financial factors, market factors, legal factors, managerial factors, organizational factors, and technical factors. Legal, social and economic, technical, and notably from economic considerations with IRR = 72.32 I = 12 percent / year, PP = 3.34, and BCR = 6.27, BUMD PDAM Samosir Regency is viable to be founded
Analysis of Column Compressive and Adhesive Strengths of Laminated Wood From Pine Pallet Wood Waste and Mahogany as Reinforcement
Authors: Arnandha Yudhi , Indraswari Mufida , Firmansyah Dedy
Published: January 2024

In Indonesia, the increasing demand for wood as an industrial material and the decline in its production rate, which is usually due to illegal logging, causes the emergence of less efficient wood waste. And one of the methods for efficiently utilizing these waste is through lamination. Accordingly, lamination is a technique that involves the gluing of two or more pieces of wood together. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the value of the adhesive and compressive strength of laminated columns between pine pallet waste and mahogany wood reinforcement. The adhesive strength of 20, 30, 40, and 50 MDGL variations joined together using PVAc glue, as well as the compressive strength with variations of T0 (Pine-Pine-Pine-Pine-Pine),  T1 (Mahogany-Pine-Mahogany), T2 (Mahogany-Pine-Mahogany-Pine), and T3 (Mahogany-Pine-Mahogany-Pine-Mahogany) were tested in this study. Furthermore, the adhesive and compressive strength tests were in accordance with the ASTM D905-03 standard and the SNI 03-3958-1995, respectively. The adhesive strength test was carried out at the Building Materials Laboratory, Civil Engineering and Planning Study Program, and Faculty of Engineering at the Yogyakarta State University, while the compressive strength test was performed at the Structural Laboratory, Civil Engineering Department, as well as the Engineering Faculty of Tidar University. Data were then analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test and the results of each variation's adhesive strength test were 1.359 MPa, 564 MPa, 1.699 MPa, and 1.558 MPa for the 20, 30, 40, and 50 MDGL MDGL variations respectively. Furthermore, the results of the compressive strength test with variations T0, T1, T2, and T3 were 6.158 MPa, 7.366 MPa, 7.135 MPa, and 6.923 MPa respectively. It was concluded that the highest adhesive strength was at 40 MDGL and the highest compressive strength was at variation T1 (Mahoni-Pinus-Mahoni).
The Impact of Physical Setting on the Development of Street Character (Case Study: Ahmad Yani Street, Tegal)
Authors: Ikhsani Muhammad Azmy , Sari Suzanna Ratih
Published: January 2024

The development of city facilities and infrastructure is one of the indicators that can be seen to find out how the development of a city area is. The city of Tegal is one of the cities that is currently making improvements in its urban areas, namely by repairing and arranging public spaces in the city of Tegal. One of the results of the improvement and arrangement of public spaces in the City of Tegal is the arrangement of the corridor for Jalan Ahmad Yani, City of Tegal. Ahmad Yani Street in Tegal City is a secondary local road with the status of a city road in the center of Tegal City. Arrangements made on Jalan Ahmad Yani are such as implementing a one-way system for vehicles, providing parking pockets and making improvements to the pedestrian path area. This research will discuss how changes in the physical setting that occurred on Jalan Ahmad Yani after repairs and rearrangements have been carried out so that they affect the formation of a new character and identity of the street space. In addition, this research will also discuss the impact on the community and the environment around Jalan Ahmad Yani from changes in the physical setting. This study uses a qualitative research method with descriptive analysis which aims to explain what phenomena occur in the field and examine based on existing theory. The results of this study are expected to be able to explain how the physical setting of a street space can influence and create character for that street space.
The Evaluation of Pavement Condition Assessment Methods for Road Assets in Coastal Areas
Authors: Teopilus Clarence Deborah , Amrozi Mukhammad Rizka Fahmi
Published: January 2024

The Daendels road is a vital provincial road asset that facilitates the distribution of goods and services, enhances tourism access, and promotes socio-economic development in the southern region of Java Island. The deteriorated condition of the Daendels road pavement has the potential to escalate both the likelihood of accidents and vehicle operating costs. In Indonesia, road distress is measured using the Surface Distress Index (SDI), but certain types of distress are not yet incorporated into the calculation. Therefore, this study aims to identify the typical road distress in the coastal region and then to evaluate and compare several visual methods for evaluating the functional condition of road pavements, i.e., the SDI, Pavement Condition Index (PCI), and Pavement Surface Evaluation and Rating (PASER). Pavement conditions for Daendels Road have different analysis results depending on the method used. The average value of PCI is 50.5 (slightly damaged), the SDI is 164 (severely damaged), and the PASER is 4 (slightly damaged). The statistical analyses indicate that both the SDI-PCI and SDI-PASER methods have a very strong relationship. The SDI-PCI method has a higher correlation and coefficient of determination value (R= -0,929, R²= 0,8631) than SDI-PASER (R= -0,807, R²= 0,652). The PCI method is more applicable than the SDI dan PASER as it considers a wider range of pavement distress (19 categories) and more accurately represents the typical distress encountered on the South Coast of Java Island. The pavement condition of Daendels Road is classified as severely damaged with typical distress involving cracking (longitudinal, transversal, alligator, and blocks), patching, and pothole. Hence, a comprehensive plan for road maintenance was suggested, encompassing major rehabilitation using a hot mix asphalt overlay.
Culturally Adapting the World Health Organization Digital Intervention for Family Caregivers of People With Dementia (iSupport): Community-Based Participatory Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Messina Anna , Amati Rebecca , Annoni Anna Maria , Bano Beatrice , Albanese Emiliano , Fiordelli Maddalena
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Informal caregivers of people with dementia are at high risk of developing mental and physical distress because of the intensity of the care provided. iSupport is an evidence-based digital program developed by the World Health Organization to provide education and support for the informal everyday care of people living with dementia.

OBJECTIVE

Our study aims to describe in detail the cultural adaptation process of iSupport in Switzerland. We specifically focused on the participatory strategies we used to design a culturally adapted, Swiss version of iSupport that informed the development of the desktop version, mobile app, and printed manual.

METHODS

We used a mixed methods design, with a community-based participatory approach. The adaptation of iSupport followed the World Health Organization adaptation guidelines and was developed in 4 phases: content translation, linguistic and cultural revision by the members of the community advisory board, validation with formal and informal caregivers, and refinement and final adaptation.

RESULTS

The findings from each phase showed and consolidated the adjustments needed for a culturally adapted, Swiss version of iSupport. We collected feedback and implemented changes related to the following areas: language register and expressions (eg, from “lesson” to “chapter” and from “suffering from” dementia to “affected by” dementia), resources (hyperlinks to local resources for dementia), contents (eg, from general nonfamiliar scenarios to local and verisimilar examples), graphics (eg, from generalized illustrations of objects to human illustrations), and extra features (eg, a glossary, a forum session, and a read-aloud option, as well as a navigation survey).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study provides evidence on how to culturally adapt a digital program for informal caregivers of people living with dementia. Our results suggest that adopting a community-based participatory approach and collecting lived experiences from the final users and stakeholders is crucial to meet local needs and to inform the further development, testing, and implementation of digital interventions in a specific cultural context.
The Automatic Context Measurement Tool (ACMT) to Compile Participant-Specific Built and Social Environment Measures for Health Research: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhou Weipeng , Youngbloom Amy , Ren Xinyang , Saelens Brian E , Mooney Sean D , Mooney Stephen J
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

The environment shapes health behaviors and outcomes. Studies exploring this influence have been limited to research groups with the geographic information systems expertise required to develop built and social environment measures (eg, groups that include a researcher with geographic information system expertise).

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to develop an open-source, user-friendly, and privacy-preserving tool for conveniently linking built, social, and natural environmental variables to study participant addresses.

METHODS

We built the automatic context measurement tool (ACMT). The ACMT comprises two components: (1) a geocoder, which identifies a latitude and longitude given an address (currently limited to the United States), and (2) a context measure assembler, which computes measures from publicly available data sources linked to a latitude and longitude. ACMT users access both of these components using an RStudio/RShiny-based web interface that is hosted within a Docker container, which runs on a local computer and keeps user data stored in local to protect sensitive data. We illustrate ACMT with 2 use cases: one comparing population density patterns within several major US cities, and one identifying correlates of cannabis licensure status in Washington State.

RESULTS

In the population density analysis, we created a line plot showing the population density (x-axis) in relation to distance from the center of the city (y-axis, using city hall location as a proxy) for Seattle, Los Angeles, Chicago, New York City, Nashville, Houston, and Boston with the distances being 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 m. We found the population density tended to decrease as distance from city hall increased except for Nashville and Houston, 2 cities that are notably more sprawling than the others. New York City had a significantly higher population density than the others. We also observed that Los Angeles and Seattle had similarly low population densities within up to 2500 m of City Hall. In the cannabis licensure status analysis, we gathered neighborhood measures such as age, sex, commute time, and education. We found the strongest predictive characteristic of cannabis license approval to be the count of female children aged 5 to 9 years and the proportion of females aged 62 to 64 years who were not in the labor force. However, after accounting for Bonferroni error correction, none of the measures were significantly associated with cannabis retail license approval status.

CONCLUSIONS

The ACMT can be used to compile environmental measures to study the influence of environmental context on population health. The portable and flexible nature of ACMT makes it optimal for neighborhood study research seeking to attribute environmental data to specific locations within the United States.
Effect of Micro-Pile Mitigation on Seismic Performance of Liquefiable Ground
Authors: Asokawati Fajrina Citra , Fansuri Muhammad Hamzah , Chang Muhsiung , Lin Hseu-Jen , Purwanti Nina , Putra Okri Asfino , Saputra Pungky Dharma , Laksmi Anasya Arsita
Published: January 2024

Soil liquefaction and its associated ground failures, pose a significant threat, causing damage to engineering structures during earthquakes, and one of the most effective methods used to mitigate liquefaction in liquefied soil is micro-pile (MP) method. Therefore, this study aims to examine the current state of MP method as liquefaction countermeasure in the soil of the Coal Fired Power Station in Central Java, an area with a high liquefaction potential. A three-dimensional finite element analysis, conducted with OpenseesPL software, uses a numerical method to yield information about ground lateral deformation and excess pore pressure generation caused by MP method during seismic shaking. This result examines important design parameters, including diameter, spacing, length of MP, and inclination of ground, to address these issues. MP method increases the stiffness of soil, reducing excessive pore pressure and thereby minimizing liquefaction risks. In general, MP remediation appeared effective for any sloping ground. This study provides valuable information for devising an efficient remediation solution by comparing relevant variables, such as diameter, spacing, MP length, and ground inclination, under the same conditions. Numerical simulation with OpenseesPL yields results such as stress and strain path, acceleration time histories, excess pore pressure, displacement time histories, and maximum lateral displacement, which are then compared with various diameter parameters. The diY6-ameter parameters were compared to test how the additional diameter dimension affects the performance of the micropile provided to the soil. This will be demonstrated based on the results shown on excess pore pressure and maximum lateral displacement. This comparison shows that increasing MP diameter is more effective in reducing the risk of liquefaction.
Analysis of Gongseng Dam Break-Induced Flood in East Java, Indonesia Through 2D Iber Software
Authors: Ahmadi Sa’iyd Husayn , Triatmodjo Bambang , Benazir
Published: January 2024

The dam is a crucial river-crossing structure that ensures a sustainable water supply and offers numerous benefits. However, the potential hazard of dam failure is an imminent threat that could materialize unexpectedly. To comprehend the potential impact of dam break flood and identify vulnerable areas, it is essential to conduct rigorous analysis and simulate various dam failure scenarios. This comprehensive assessment is invaluable for informed land use planning and the development of effective emergency response plans. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze flood inundation resulting from the hypothetical failure of Gongseng dam, using Iber model. The modeling approach relied on a two-dimensional finite volume shallow water model, guided by specialized software. The scenarios for Gongseng dam break showed inundation areas of 12.57 km² and 7.55 km² for overtopping and piping failure, respectively. Overtopping failure resulted in the highest discharge, with Von Thun method causing severe damage due to wide break dimensions, and eventually leading to catastrophic consequences. However, this study showed that Froehlich method provided the most rational prediction for break parameters. In contrast to the other methods focusing solely on water height behind dam, Froehlich equation considered both the volume and height at the time of failure. Implementing dam break analysis held the potential to benefit downstream communities by providing inundation maps, thereby aiding in the mitigation of flood risks. Particularly, in situations with limited data and resources, as shown in this study, the cost-effective modeling method proposed could be an attractive option for simulating extreme flood induced by dam break.
Cuentos y relatos indígenas (Vol. 6)
Authors: Díaz Hernández José , Hernández Sabino , Hernández López Manuel , Díaz Gómez Domingo , Ruiz Vázquez Marcos , Hernández Díaz Miguel , Hernández López Mariano , Vázquez Hernández José Luis , Patistán López Andrés , Xilón Gómez Francisco , Entzin Hernández Esteban , Maldonado R. Nicolás , Méndez González Adela , Maldonado Méndez Méndez González , Hernández López María , Maldonado Cruz Josefina , Juárez Espinoza Isabel , Girón Guzmán Diego
Published: January 2024

En el diario ir y venir de la vida, he aquí mi pensamiento y corazón tratando de decir algo. Hace pocos días cuando volví a recorrer viejos y conocidos caminos de mi pueblo, escuché cantar un ave. Maravillado quedé al oírla y entonces me dije ¿cómo se llamará? Recordé entonces que esa ave se llama Balum Ok, es el pájaro de las nueve voces, el de las nueve tonalidades, es el ave de la voz florida y agradable. Entonces floreció mi corazón, Nichimaj ko´on de alegría. Y luego con claridad resplandeciente del sol ¡qué floreciente está la tierra! Seis veces hoy florecen nuestras palabras en este libro de cuentos y relatos indígenas, volumen seis. Ahora aquí florece nuestro corazón, nuestra palabra escrita, irradia su luz y fuerza en otro libro más, en dos o tres palabras y pensamientos florece nuestra lengua, nuestras ideas fructifican, por eso nuestro corazón se siente florecido. Nichimal abtel se le llama el cargo florido, el que da alegría, el que hace fiesta y hace reír los corazones; entonces el arte de escribir también es Nichimal abtel, porque da alegría y gusto, hace disfrutar y enriquece nuestro corazón, el trabajo del escritor también es un trabajo florido, que se disfruta y forma con el diario escribir y escuchar los sufrimientos, ilusiones y sueños de nuestros pueblos.
Bolívar y la Constitución peruana de 1826. El intento de estructurar la estabilidad por medios legales en un contexto atrasado
Authors: Melleu Cione Vinicius
Published: January 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir la concepción jurídica y estratégica de la Constitución del Perú de 1826, escrita por Simón Bolívar. Tras una introducción en la que la independencia de América española se sitúa históricamente en el marco de las revoluciones políticas de finales del siglo XVIII y principios del XIX, se discuten las diferencias entre la Constitución de Venezuela de 1819 y la del Perú de 1826. El foco está entonces en los detalles del contexto histórico del Perú en el momento de su independencia y la justificación de la ideología centralista que presente en esta última pieza constitucional.
Electric Assisted Hybrid Vehicle
Authors: Kumari C. Shyamala
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This is a concept realised were a fuel driven vehicles can be operated in Parallel Hybrid mode. This will be a continuous parallel operation. Power delivered to the wheels in parallel to the fuel drive is adjustable. Fuel delivered power and Electric delivered power are paralleled at the wheels. Drive Battery for the run is a smaller capacity and can cater few Kilo meters of run. This drive battery is trickle charged with the power and the to the capacity of the engines idling condition and maximum power from the engine survival RPM. This is to counter hampering circulated power draw from the engine. Brakes applied puts the motor in generator mode loading the wheels to charge the drive battery. Motive of this concept is to increase the mileage of fuel driven vehicle
A Review of Machine Learning Technologies in Multiple Sclerosis Disease Detection
Authors: T Fathimath Nihala
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurological disorder affecting the central nervous system, presenting challenges in accurate and timely diagnosis. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape of machine learning (ML) technologies employed in the detection and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Spanning the period from 2011 to 2022, the review synthesizes findings from a myriad of studies utilizing diverse data sources, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical data. The paper discusses various ML models and techniques applied in MS detection, with a focus on their strengths, limitations, and comparative performances. Key areas of exploration include the utilization of convolutional neural networks (CNN), support vector machines (SVM), and random forests (RF), among other approaches. The integration of advanced ML architectures, data augmentation strategies, and the incorporation of diverse data modalities are examined for their impact on diagnostic accuracy. Challenges such as distinguishing MS from diseases with similar symptoms, ensuring patient data confidentiality, and developing interpretable ML models are explored, along with proposed solutions. The review identifies promising opportunities for future research, including the implementation of secure platforms, the development of improved disease prognosis systems, and the combination of multiple data types for enhanced predictive capabilities. Additionally, the review emphasizes the potential for larger, multi-center datasets to bolster model reliability and advocates for the commercialization of ML solutions in MS diagnosis. In conclusion, this review consolidates current knowledge, highlights trends in ML applications for MS detection, and offers valuable insights to guide further advancements in this critical domain.
A Comprehensive Literature Review on Machine Learning Approaches in Agriculture
Authors: Khan Afshan
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Agriculture stands as a cornerstone of the Indian economy, and its sustenance is vital for meeting the rising demands of an ever-growing population in India. Climate change poses significant that need to be addressed., complex environmental factors, and the need for precise predictions, this literature survey explores the transformative impact of machine learning (ML) algorithms in optimizing crop production and reducing waste in agriculture. Key themes include the transition from traditional methods to ML approaches, with commonly employed models such as Random forest, Support vector machine, and Gradient Boosting Regressor. The importance of diverse datasets, model evaluation metrics (MAE, MSE, RMSE), and the robust performance of Random Forest across various contexts are highlighted. Deep learning techniques like LSTM and RNN enhance predictions, and practical applications through real-time web and mobile tools facilitate informed decision-making for farmers. Precision agriculture's role in efficient farming practices and the economic impact on increased production rates and global food security are emphasized. This survey provides valuable insights, paving the way for further advancements in agricultural ML applications.
Revolutionizing Construction - Harnessing the Power of Brick Kiln Dust as a Sustainable Cement Alternative
Authors: Shah Suehail Aijaz
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The concrete industry stands as the preeminent colossus within the realm of industrial domains. The building and construction industry, a primary contributor to environmental issues, is constantly seeking innovative approaches to enhance sustainability. Bricks forming the building block of the building structures are being manufactured worldwide. A substantial volume of fine particle dust is produced during the production step in the form of leftovers. This dust is the by-product of firing clay bricks at high temperature and the residual ash of the induced fuel. Brick Kiln dust poses environmental challenge due to disposal complexities. Commonly, the only established method of disposal is through land-filling, which can contribute to environmental concerns. This experimental investigation explores the transformative potential of utilizing Brick Kiln Dust as sustainable alternative to convention cement. BKD, obtained from a kiln situated in District Budgam, Jammu and Kashmir, was incorporated into concrete mixes at varying proportions (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) as a replacement for cement. Through the use of rigorous testing on mix samples, this study examined the effect of BKD on concrete workability as well as compressive and split tensile strength. The results were compared to identify the optimal dosage for achieving a balance between reduced cement consumption and maintaining structural integrity. The results showed that adding BKD not only significantly decreased the amount of cement used, but also demonstrated that it was a workable and sustainable substitute. This research not only addresses the environmental concern associated with BKD but also contributes to the ongoing efforts to develop sustainable construction practices.
Iodine in soils, pasture vegetation cuttings, and local food products of certain regions of Russia affected by the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident
Authors: Berezkin Victor Yu. , Baranchukov Vladimir S. , Kolmykova Lyudmila I. , Kulieva Gulnara A. , Bagautdinova Alexandra S. , Topilskaya Yulia V.
Published: January 2024

Natural iodine deficiency, which in some regions of Russia provokes thyroid diseases, increases the consequences of the entry of short-lived radioactive isotopes of this element into the food chain as a result of the Chernobyl accident (1986). The aim of the work is to assess the risk of morbidity of the population of the Kaluga, Bryansk and Oryol regions with thyroid cancer at the level of individual settlements based on experimental data. The iodine content in soils and vegetation cuttings of pastures in geochemically contrasting landscapes, as well as in cows' milk and potatoes of private household farms in the regions affected by the Chernobyl accident in 1986: Bryansk (2021), Oryol (2022) and Kaluga (2023) regions was studied. Joint expeditions of the Laboratory of Environmental Biogeochemistry of GEOKHI RAS and the Department of Human Ecology and Bioelementology of the Institute of Ecology of RUDN, carried out on the initiative and with the participation of the authors, revealed a significant variation of iodine concentration in soils and food products, which may be crucial for assessing the risk of thyroid diseases, including thyroid cancer, among the local rural population. The iodine content was found to be highly variable in both topsoil (0.31-3.04 mg/kg) and grass cuttings (0.14-0.29 mg/kg) of the study area. The maximum natural and technogenic risk of thyroid cancer morbidity in the rural population as a result of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident of 1986 is specific for the studied settlements of Zhizdrinsky district of Kaluga region, Bolkhovsky, Dmitrovsky and Sverdlovsky districts of Oryol region, Rognedinsky district of Bryansk region.
Author’s innovative technical solutions in the field of ecology and life safety for use in fuel-burning and ash-collecting devices
Authors: Katin Victor D. , Zhuravlev Alexander A.
Published: January 2024

The study reviews and recommends fundamentally new technical solutions in the field of ecology and safety in the technosphere, confirmed by patents for inventions and utility models developed by scientists and graduate students of the Department of Technosphere Safety of the Far Eastern State Transport University. Innovative developments that are of practical interest and deserve attention include installations for preparing water-oil emulsions for combustion, energy-saving devices for environmentally friendly combustion of liquid fuels, rational designs of low-toxic gas and oil burners, as well as effective filter-cyclone and group cyclone devices for purification of flue gases from coal and fuel oil boiler and furnace units.
Network Utilities Performance and Institutional Quality: Evidence from the Italian Electricity Sector
Authors: Soroush Golnoush , Cambini Carlo , Jamasb Tooraj , Llorca Manuel
Published: January 2024

It is generally accepted that institutions are important for economic development. In this work, we analyse how the quality of regional institutions impacts performance of Italian electricity distribution utilities and show that utilities in regions with better government effectiveness, responsiveness towards citizens, control of corruption, and rule of law, also tend to be more cost efficient. The results suggest that national regulators should take regional institutional diversity into account in incentive regulation and efficiency benchmarking of utilities.
Big Tech to the Rescue? An Ethnographic Study of Corporate Humanitarianism in the Refugee Crisis
Authors:   , Henriksen Sofie Elbæk
Published: January 2024

This dissertation explores the role and influence of Big Tech companies as humanitarian actors in refugee aid. Private sector companies are increasingly involved in responding to humanitarian crises, correlating with a growing willingness from for-profit companies to “do good” and engage in social causes. In what became known as “the European refugee crisis,” tech companies played a particularly active role, for example, by partnering with humanitarian agencies to develop digital solutions to help refugees. However, Big Tech companies also increasingly develop technologies that governments and border agencies use to track and exclude migrants and refugees. Moreover, these tech companies are increasingly condemned for their questionable business operations and ethics around data collection and privacy. Therefore, their growing involvement in refugee aid prompts critical questions about how and why for-profit corporations engage in humanitarianism and what kind of help they actually offer. In three separate empirical articles, this dissertation examines the corporate humanitarian engagement of tech companies in the global refugee crisis to understand how these practices have positioned tech companies as legitimate humanitarian actors. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in San Francisco, New York, and Copenhagen, the articles explore the convergence of Big Tech and refugee aid in three interlinked sites: 1)In a Tech for Good event at Google 2)In cross-sector partnerships (CSPs) between tech companies and refugee aid agencies 3)In refugee-themed volunteer hackathons
DEVELOPMENT OF A PORTABLE MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSION TEST SYSTEM BASED ON ARDUINO WITH ANDROID INTERFACE
Authors: Indah Nur , Pangestu Dimas Aji , Utomo Satryo Budi , Youlia Rikko Putra
Published: January 2024

This study takes a comprehensive approach by proposing the design of an innovative emission test tool for motorized vehicles. The primary objective of this tool's design is to establish an alternative emission testing apparatus based on Arduino AT-Mega 2560, proficient in capturing vehicle exhaust emissions. The underlying methodology involves an in-depth investigation of various components, including the MQ2 and MQ7 sensors, microcontrollers, and supplementary sensors. This meticulous observational process aims to unravel the fundamental principles that govern the functionality of these components. Subsequently, the study advances to the prototyping phase, manifesting in the creation of an Android-based emission test system. This system capitalizes on the integration of Arduino programming and App Inventor technology. The integrated system is devised to facilitate sensor data acquisition. The empirical results of the tests indicate that the developed tool effectively measures hydrocarbon gas and carbon monoxide gas concentrations, yielding readings of 6.31% and 3.73%, respectively, under engine conditions ranging from 1500 to 3000 rpm with error in regions 1.4% and 5.1% compared to a commercial instrument. However, during the testing phase, certain challenges surfaced. Notably, the presence of water particles within the tool, coupled with the generation of heat due to the accommodated exhaust gases, increased the temperature within the tool's enclosure. Consequently, the sensors' temperature escalated, resulting in erratic sensor behavior and unstable readings. Nonetheless, a significant advantage of the proposed tool lies in its real-time data visualization capability, which is particularly accessible through Android smartphones. This feature enhances the immediacy of test results, facilitating prompt analysis and decision-making. In conclusion, this study lays the groundwork for an innovative emission testing tool that demonstrates promise in addressing the air quality degradation stemming from vehicular emissions.