bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examples of Hadiths with Illusion in Sunan Abi Dawood
Authors: Abd Maysir
Published: February 2023

These few pages are knowledge about the illusion and are not absorbed, and each narrator who described the illusion needs a special study for it, the researcher collects the sayings of the scholars and those who described it as an illusion and the reason for describing it as an illusion and the hadiths they deluded with, then compares and sees whether there is a follower or not, after all of that he can He reaches an understanding of the reality of each narrator. By Allah, I ask that this article be of benefit to the honorable reader, and that if I am right, then by the grace of Allah and thanks to the scholars of hadith, and if I am wrong, it is from myself.
Hukm Qatl Alrahmat fi Alsharieat Aliaslamiati (Arbil Namudhaja)
Authors: Issa Zeina
Published: February 2023

The topic of euthanasia in Islamic jurisprudence (Erbil as a model) is one of the valuable topics among the human community. The patient is a trust with the doctor, so it is not permissible to betray this trust because it does not belong to him, rather it belongs to Allah Almighty. For all creatures, taking care of him and protecting him is the duty of the doctor, so it is not permissible for him to increase the crime of medicine, to raise the breathing apparatus, or to prevent him from taking medicine, because this is an attack in Islamic law, but there are some European doctors who have carried out this type of killing under many names. Let them know that this is a crime and premeditated murder that Allah does not forgive.
Lessons and lessons from the mention of the earthly paradise in the Holy Quran - an objective study -
Authors: Kambue Fadil
Published: February 2023

The research deals with lessons and lessons from the mention of the earthly paradise in the Holy Qur’an. It deals with the verses that have a lesson for those who consider it.The truth, Glory be to Him, mentioned the Qur’anic stories for the lesson and the sermon. The research dealt with God’s honoring of the son of Adam by harnessing the gardens of the earth for his living. It also dealt with the representation of spending in the way of God in a prosperous paradise, as well as dealing with the representation of the expense of hypocrisy in the burning paradise. Denying the right of the poor to Paradise was a cause of its destruction, and the conclusions and recommendations that have been reached are a summary of the research.
The Technological Confrontation between China and the United States: the Front and Core of the Sino-US Strategic Game
Authors: WANG CONGYUE
Published: February 2023

In recent years, China's scientific and technological power has risen rapidly, threatening the United States' supremacy in this field. In order to contain the continuous development of China's scientific and technological strength, the US government has adopted a series of policies and measures since the Trump administration. At present, the technological confrontation between China and the United States is becoming increasingly fierce. In order to better understand this technological confrontation, this paper will use methods of analysis, information synthesis, comparison, induction, and deduction to analyze the causes of Sino-US science and technology confrontation, list the specific measures taken by the United States, study the comparative advantages of the United States and China in this confrontation, and finally analyze the global impacts of the Sino-US technological confrontation. With the rise and development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, scientific and technological competition is gradually becoming the front and core of Sino-US strategic game, which is different from the traditional geostrategic competition in content and form. This is the first time that the strategic competition of major powers mainly focuses on the field of non-physical geography for mankind. Neither China nor the United States has sufficient experience, and there is also a lack of historical experience to learn from. This paper argues that the Sino-US technological confrontation will not only affect the relationship between China and the United States, but also have negative impacts on the world. Therefore, China and the United States should look for areas of science and technology that can cooperate actively, promote the common prosperity and development of global science and technology, and let science and technology play a new and more constructive role in global politics.
An Analysis of English Grammar in the Perspective of Nahwu
Authors: Rohmah Hamida
Published: February 2023

The mastery of English as an international language can be the main key to face some substantial challenges in this era. However, the difficulty in mastering English is such a big problem for learners, some learners still often encounter errors in learning English. One of the factors caused errors in English is a contrast from one language to another in which there are various differences and similarities, especially in the language structures or syntax. Based on the problem, for further studying English grammar needs to analyze its inherent characteristics. This study aims to identify and analyze the similarities and differences between English grammar and Nahwu, as the language structure of Arabic. This study is a qualitative descriptive research. The data was gathered through library research. The instruments used are books, journals, encyclopedias, periodicals, papers, and articles providing data related to the topics of this study. Analysis contrastive was used to evaluate for correctness, applicability, and dependability of the acquired data, which was then described and analyzed to form of conclusions. The finding showed that there are several similarities and differences between 1) part of speech, word classification in English and in Arabic called as kalimah (كلمة). 2) English Tenses and the use of fi’il in Arabic syntax or nahwu. There are eight categories of part of speech in English and three categories of kalimah  (كلمة) in Arabic. Part of speech consists of: noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, adjective, preposition, conjunction dan interjection. Then kalimah  (كلمة) in Arabic has isim (إسم), fi’il (فعل) and huruf (حرف). Amount of every categories are different due to the different categories used.
A Study of Senior High Schools in Palembang: Students’ Errors in Writing
Authors: Nisa Izza Choirun
Published: February 2023

This research was intended to find out an error analysis of students' writing of eleventh grade of students of three senior high schools in Palembang. Quantitative content analysis research is conducted in this research as the methodology research. This research was conducted in three senior high schools in Palembang, namely, (1)SMA Muhammadiyah 6 Palembang which is accredited A, (2) SMA Nurul Amal Palembang which is accredited B, (3), SMA Muhammadiyah 8 Palembang which is accredited C. The total of participant of this research is 30 students. In collecting data, the researcher used writing sheet test and error checklist as the instrument of this research. The data was analyzed by using method of analyzing error by Ellis. The results of this research showed the errors of writing aspects on students writings of eleventh grade students of three high senior high schools in Palembang, namely, first is content errors, second is paragraph organizations errors, third is vocabulary error, forth is mechanic error, and fifth is grammar error. From the findings of this research could be conclude that some of eleventh-grade students in senior high schools in Palembang have less knowledge or lack information about five writing aspects as the essential knowledge to write text.
Lexicon of Costumes in The Rangda Dance
Authors: Dharma Putra Pande Agus Putu , Budasi I Gede , Ramendra Dewa Putu
Published: February 2023

Balinese culture has many traditions. One of the traditions in Bali is the Balinese dance that exists in Bali. Several dances have a sacred meaning for Balinese people. One of the dances is the Rangda dance. This dance contains many lexicons in the dance's costumes. This study aimed to discover the lexicons that exist in Rangda dance costumes. This study is designed as descriptive qualitative research using the ecolinguistics approach. The data were obtained through observation and interviews with selected informants. The study's result shows that twenty-seven lexicons exist in Rangda dance costumes. The data were categorized into the lexicons in the mask (ten lexicons) and lexicons on the costume (seventeen lexicons). Those lexicons including tapel rangda, terang, kumba, petitis, lidah api, teteh api, jangar api, rambut, jebug, bungan jepun, jaler reringitan, baju reringitan, udeng, badong mute, badong kulit, angkeb baong, tapih, ampok ampok, kuku, basang basang, sabuk, baju pepontangan, jaler pepontangan, semayut, nyonyo. galeng, and kereb.
Cardiopatias congênitas de apresentação univentricular
Authors: Mangaraviti Matheus Borges de Moraes , Siqueira Emílio Conceição , Bastos Paulo Henrique Cordeiro , Nogueira Guilherme Marques , Felix Bárbara Azeredo
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Descrever a fisiologia, o diagnóstico e o tratamento da cardiopatia congênita de apresentação univentricular, de modo a elucidar suas principais características e particularidades, com uma visão global para entendimento. Revisão bibliográfica: A cardiopatia congênita de apresentação univentricular é um defeito congênito raro e complexo. Se difere das demais cardiopatias congênitas por apresentar um único ventrículo funcional, o que terá impacto direto na maneira como a bomba cardíaca funciona, aqui, tem-se um funcionamento em paralelo e não em série, como em um sistema cardiovascular fisiológico. Tendo seu diagnóstico fundamentado na triagem cardíaca fetal, apresenta singularidades em seus exames de imagem, necessitando uma abordagem mais detalhada e próxima do paciente. Por fim, seu tratamento é particular. Existe uma correção cirúrgica especifica para essa patologia, a operação de Fontan, que, apesar de salvar a vida desses pacientes, muitas vezes é capaz de gerar sequelas graves, diminuindo a qualidade de vida dos mesmos. Considerações finais: Apesar de sua raridade, é necessário o entendimento em torno das cardiopatias congênitas uiventriculares, afim de que o médico esteja capacitado a manejar esses pacientes e oferece-los um melhor desfecho.
Perfil de pacientes com síndrome do túnel do carpo tratados cirurgicamente
Authors: Santana Caio Batista , Barcelos Leonardo Pim , Silva Rafael Chagas , Carvalho Cristopher Mateus , Freitas João Manoel Rodrigues de , Chagas Junior Manoel de Vasconcelos , Alves Mateus Goulart
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes tratados cirurgicamente por síndrome do túnel do carpo (STC) em um hospital geral no interior de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, retrospectiva e documental com abordagem quantitativa, a partir da avaliação de prontuário. Os participantes foram todos os pacientes que realizaram a cirurgia de liberação do Túnel do Carpo em um hospital geral no interior de Minas Gerais no período de 01 janeiro de 2019 a 30 de junho de 2020. As variáveis analisadas foram sexo, idade, escolaridade, raça, ocupação, quadro clínico, medicações em uso, comorbidades associadas (Diabetes, hipertensão, hipotireoidismo), sobrepeso/obesidade e massa corporal. Resultados: Foram avaliados 72 pacientes, sendo 57 mulheres (79%) e 15 homens (21%). Em relação às comorbidades apresentadas, 82% tinham sobrepeso/obesidade e 17% tinham hipotireoidismo. Os principais sintomas encontrados foram dor (86 %) e parestesia (85%) na mão e punho. Considerações finais: A literatura médica descreve muito bem a relação da STC com o trabalho. Portanto, a partir dos resultados encontrados, somado a literatura vigente, é possível se traçar intervenções no que tange ao ser humano (sobrepeso/obesidade) e mudanças ergonômicas e organizacionais no ambiente ocupacional, buscando a prevenção da STC.
Stocks de carbone des systèmes agroforestiers de la zone soudano-sahélienne du Cameroun, Afrique centrale
Authors: Boukeng Elvire José Djiongo , Avana Marie Louise Tiencheu , Zapfack Louis , Desrochers André , Dzo Imelda Gaëlle Maaku , Banoho Louis-Paul-Roger Kabelong , Khasa Damase
Published: February 2023

Description du sujet. Les systèmes agroforestiers (SAF) en périphérie des aires protégées fortement anthropisées apparaissent comme les systèmes de production les plus adaptés pour fournir une multitude de services écosystémiques tout en réduisant la pression sur les ressources naturelles. Ils constituent en effet d’importants puits de carbone dont le rôle compensatoire dans le processus d'atténuation au changement climatique reste peu connu. Objectifs. Évaluer le potentiel de stockage de carbone des SAF de la zone périphérique du Parc National de Bouba Ndjidda ainsi que la valeur financière de ces stocks de carbone. Méthode. Les données ont été collectées dans quatre types de SAF, à savoir les plantations éparses (PE), les haies vives (HV), les jardins de case (JC) et les jachères (JA). Un inventaire total des espèces ligneuses a été effectué et les données dendrométriques collectées dans 37 parcelles de 50 m x 50 m (8,5 ha). Les pools considérés pour l’évaluation des stocks de carbone sont la partie aérienne, la partie souterraine, la biomasse des herbacées et juvéniles, la litière et le sol. La biomasse ligneuse a été évaluée par des équations allométriques. Les analyses statistiques ont consisté en des tests de comparaisons multiples entre les stocks de carbone des différents pools des SAF d’une part et ceux des SAF entre eux d’autre part. Résultats. Les stocks de carbone totaux variaient de 26,9 t C·ha-1 pour les jachères (JA) à 31,9 t C·ha-1 pour les haies vives (HV). Les stocks de carbone moyen du sol représentaient 31 à 59 % du carbone total et diminuaient significativement avec la profondeur du sol. En termes de paiements pour services écosystémiques, les prix des stocks de carbone des SAF étaient estimés entre 986 et 1 170 USD·ha-1. Conclusions. Les SAF de la région soudano-sahélienne jouent un rôle écologique et économique important en contribuant significativement à la lutte contre les changements climatiques à travers le stockage du carbone.
A conceptual framework for assessing farmers’ soil knowledge: lessons from the Lake Alaotra Region in Madagascar
Authors: Ravonjiarison Nasandratra , Albrecht Alain , Penot Éric , Razafimbelo Tantely
Published: February 2023

Description of the subject. Farmers’ knowledge is a significant source of information about cultivated soil knowledge. Objectives. This paper focuses on farmers in the Alaotra Lake Region in Madagascar to identify their knowledge of the soil and soil fertility and to propose a conceptual framework for developing participatory approaches. Method. The methodology is based on surveys conducted with 100 farmers randomly selected within five Communes (villages) to (i) study their knowledge on soil, (ii) design local soil map, and (iii) identify local soil fertility assessment. For each task, an exploratory survey with non-directive individual interviews followed by more in-depth surveys with semi-directive individual interviews and restitution workshops were conducted. Results. The results revealed two types of local soil classifications according to toposequence. Twelve and nine local soil types were identified respectively in the southern zone and in the northern zone. Moreover, farmers used 14 main local indicators to assess the fertility of these soils. Farmers’ soil classification was found to comply with previous pedological studies and even provided complementary details to the reference French Soil Classification (CPCS). Finally, the local soil fertility indicators have been proved to be identical to those used by other farmers in other countries and are scientifically validated to be effective. Conclusions. This paper offers a new conceptual framework that may be effective for agricultural development service and scientific research in other contexts. It provides a foundation for supporting a common language between farmers and researchers, one that may prove instrumental in future projects including the co-conception of sustainable, innovative agricultural practices.
Zoomorphic and anthropozoomorphic creatures on embossed stove tiles of the latter half of the 16th (?) - 18th century in the collection of the Russian Museum of Ethnography
Authors: Пинкусова Т. В.
Published: February 2023

В статье представлены результаты рассмотрения изображений зооморфных и антро-позооморфных существ на изразцах второй половины XVI (?) - XVIII в., хранящихся в фондах этнографии русского народа Российского этнографического музея. В декоре рельефных полихромных и муравленых изразцов встречаются рельефные изображения разнообразных персонажей средневекового бестиария - реально существовавших, хорошо знакомых человеку того времени, и экзотических животных далеких стран, а также сверхъестественных созданий, включающих черты нескольких животных и человека

The article provides outcomes of the a study of zoomorphic and anthropozoomorphic creatures as they appear on tiles made between the latter half of the 16th (?) and the 18th century and preserved among the Russian ethnography collections at the Russian Museum of Ethnography. The decor of the embossed polychrome and glazed tiles features a variety of embossed images of animals from medieval bestiaries - both real (well-known to people of the times) and exotic, as well as fantastic creatures combining human nature with physical traits of several animals.
The first collection of Sviayzhsk's ceramic tiles brought together at the local school museum
Authors: Зубарева М. М.
Published: February 2023

В статье проведено изучение одной из первых коллекций свияжских изразцов, собранных Свияжской коррекционной школой и носящих характер подъемного материала фрагментарной сохранности. Несмотря на это, мы можем узнать, какими представлялись изразцы Свияжска исследователю, свияжскому обывателю или посетителю музея до начала масштабных археологических исследований на острове. В коллекции представлены как уникальные образцы ранних «красных» изразцов, так и традиционные для Москвы и Казани сюжеты того же периода, а кроме того - более поздние виды изразцов, широко встречающиеся в разных городах России

The author has studied one of the first collections of ceramic tiles made at the Sviyazhsk special needs boarding school. The items in the collection are all fragmentary remains picked up from the ground, but still are of great use as an illustration of how scholars or people of Sviyazhsk had seen their local ceramic tiles prior to the start of massive archaeological works in the island town. The collection includes both unique samples of early “red tiles” and the ones more typical for Moscow and Kazan tilemaking of the same period, and also a variety of later types common for many Russian towns
On top elements in the main building of the Resurrection cathedral in the 17th century, as well as their ceramic decor. Part 1. Building the cathedral under the patriarchate
Authors: Акинин К. В.
Published: February 2023

В статье проанализированы причины композицонно-художественного различия архитектуры основного корпуса Воскресенского собора и его венчающих частей. Анализ письменных источников, исторического контекста и непосредственно архитектурного материала позволяет заключить, что остановка строительных работ в Воскресенском соборе, вызванная осуждением и ссылкой патриарха Никона в конце 1666 г., фатальным образом отразилась на возможности завершения храма в соответствии с замыслом его основателя. Фактическое возобновление строительных работ в Воскресенском соборе произошло не ранее 1682 г., после смерти патриарха Никона, и проходило в русле принципиально другой идейно-художественной концепции.

The article examines the reasons for the architectural differences in composition and decor between the main building of the Resurrection cathedral and its top elements. By analyzing written sources, historical context and the architectural material proper, we may conclude that halting the construction due to the trial and exile of Patriarch Nikon at the end of the year 1666 killed the possibility that the church could be completed as originally intended by its founder. It was not until 1682, when Nikon had already died, that the construction work in the cathedral was resumed. The building was completed in a markedly different artistic fashion.
16th century glazed tiles and moulds: from the excavations at the historical neighborhood of Hinter-Rossgarten in the city of Kaliningrad (Koenigsberg)
Authors: Зоц С. А. , Зоц Е. П.
Published: February 2023

В статье рассматриваются изразцы XVI в. из раскопок 2012 г. в исторической слободе Хинтер-Россгартен г. Кенигсберга (Калининграда). Проведены параллели с археологическим материалом раскопок гончарной мастерской соседней слободы Фордер-Россгартен и европейскими находками. Собранная коллекция позволяет говорить о высоком художественном и технологическом уровне мастеров-изразечников и их тесной связи с передовыми европейскими центрами. Особое место занимает комплекс изразцов, относящийся к известному в Северной Германии мастеру с инициалами «VF». Анализ материала двух слобод выявил их связь, позволяющую предположить, что какая-то группа мастеров, работавших в Фордер-Россгартене, вероятно, проживали в Хинтер-Россгартене и приносили домой часть своей продукции.

The article examines 16th century glazed tiles excavated in 2012 in Koenigsberg's (Kaliningrad's) historical quarter of Hinter-Rossgarten. Parallels are drawn with the archaeological materials obtained in the excavation of the potter's shop in the adjacent neighborhood of Forder-Rossgarten, and with other finds made in Europe. The collection proves the high artistic and technological level reached by tilemakers of Koenigsberg and their close connection with advanced European centers of this craft. A special place among the finds belongs to a set of tiles made by “VF”, a tilemaker known throughout Northern Germany. A study of the materials excavated in the two neighborhoods suggests that a certain group of craftsmen worked at Forder-Rossgarten, but might have lived at Hinter-Rossgarten and brought home some of the goods they produced.
Assessment of the growing demographic threats to economic security in the regions of the North Caucasian Federal District
Authors: Bostanova P. I. , Ozdoeva Z. Kh.
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the study and assessment of demographic threats to the economic security of the regions of the North Caucasian Federal District. A brief overview of periodical publications covering pressing demographic challenges and their impact on economic security is provided. Methods of economic analysis were used as follows: generalization, absolute and relative value method, comparison, index and tabular methods, etc. To assess the threats, the authors used data collected by the Federal State Statistics Service, such as birth and death data, the rate of natural increase (decrease), and the rate of migration increase. The data on the population before and after the sharp aggravation of demographic problems caused by the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were compared. An initial assessment of demographic processes that had jeopardized the economic security of the regions was made. Based on the analysis of the statistical data showing a change in the number of births and deaths in years 2019–2021, the authors point out a certain decrease in the birth rate and a dramatic increase in mortality, which caused a drop in the rate of natural increase up to negative values, in the federal district under study as a result of the pandemic. The decline in the intensity of migration flows was identified. The interdependence of the territory’s population decline trend and the able-bodied population decline trend was noted. A set of conclusions on the top demographic policy priorities of the state in the current realities were made, and the need to develop measures aimed at ensuring economic security in the demographic sphere was stressed.
Analysis of marketing activities of an enterprise and ways to improve them on the example of the Logfort transport company
Authors: Koplik D. V.
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes marketing activities of an enterprise on the example of the Logfort transport company and proposes ways to improve such activities. The relevance of the topic is high, since amidst anti-Russian sanctions and due to the challenges of the post-COVID period, various industries of the Russian economy, such as the transport industry, have been placed in an especially unfavorable economic situation. With regard to companies that do not pay proper attention to marketing today, it has been found that the bankruptcy risk gradually and steadily increases. In this respect, the author stresses the importance of improving marketing activities and uses the example of a particular company to identify the problems that organizations run the risk of facing when carrying out marketing activities. A conclusion suggesting the need to eliminate the identified problems is made, and ways to solve them are proposed. The findings of the study can be applied to improve marketing activities of any company as well as operations in general.
Social effect of “cancel culture” on the digital environment: the case of generations Y and Z
Authors: Shuraeva L. Yu. , Korinets A. G.
Published: February 2023

“Cancel culture” is a significant phenomenon of modern digital communication, which has not been sufficiently studied due to its relative novelty. In this article operationalisation of the term “cancel culture” is carried out, and results of an empirical study conducted by means of a questionnaire, an expert poll and the theoretical analysis method were presented. The goal of the study was to assess social effects of the phenomenon using the example of generations Y and Z. To achieve this goal, elements of the external world that likely served as ideological origins of the phenomenon; its social purpose, value and establishment in the Internet environment; aspects of online communication that form “cancel culture”; as well as specific characteristics of groups that use it as an instrument of social control were studied. The conducted study supports the suggested hypothesis that “cancel culture” is a dysfunctional social regulation mechanism that is being formed for the following reasons: users’ pathological self-righteousness, tendency to jump to superficial conclusions, and inadequate and explicit aggression often manifesting itself as stigmatisation and bullying. Coupled with a binary perception of human behaviour, these factors cause the main problem of the “cancel culture” phenomenon – the imbalance of stimuli.
Marketing analysis of the global market of telematics transport and information management systems
Authors: Okolnishnikova I. Yu. , Keller A. V. , Konks V. Ya.
Published: February 2023

The article presents the results of marketing analysis of the global high-tech market of telematics transport and information management systems. The main trends in and factors of development of automotive telematics devices’ product line are analyzed. Dynamics of growth of the most important segments of the market under study are identified and described. The existing specifics of the development of key geographical consumer microsegments, that is, the markets of North America, Europe and the Asia-Pacific region, are provided, and corresponding forecast indicators are presented. The main product macrosegments, namely navigation and satellite systems, unmanned vehicles, ADAS systems and insurance telematics, are studied in the same manner. Based on the data obtained, the authors describe the existing levels of vehicle autonomy, which significantly affect the indicators of market growth. An overview of the key high technologies ensuring the stability of the transport telematics market is provided, and the average time needed to reach the plateau of their productivity is measured.
Characterizing Uncertainty in Machine Learning for Chemistry
Authors: Heid Esther , McGill Charles J. , Vermeire Florence H. , Green William H.
Published: February 2023

Characterizing uncertainty in machine learning models has recently gained interest in the context of machine learning reliability, robustness, safety, and active learning. Here, we separate the total uncertainty into contributions from noise in the data (aleatoric) and shortcomings of the model (epistemic), further dividing epistemic uncertainty into model bias and variance contributions. We systematically address the influence of noise, model bias, and model variance in the context of chemical property predictions, where the diverse nature of target properties and the vast chemical chemical space give rise to many different distinct sources of prediction error. We demonstrate that different sources of error can each be significant in different contexts and must be individually addressed during model development. Through controlled experiments on datasets of molecular properties, we show important trends in model performance associated with the level of noise in the dataset, size of the dataset, model architecture, molecule representation, ensemble size, and dataset splitting. In particular, we show that 1) noise in the test set can limit a model's observed performance when the actual performance is much better, 2) using size-extensive model aggregation structures is crucial for extensive property prediction, 3) ensembling is a reliable tool for uncertainty quantification and improvement specifically for the contribution of model variance, and 4) evaluations of cross-validation models understate their performance. We develop general guidelines on how to improve an underperforming model when falling into different uncertainty contexts.
Direct Observation of Nanoplastics in Ocean Water
Authors: Luo Tengfei , Moon Seunghyun , Martin Leisha , Kim Seongmin , Zhang Qiushi , Xu Wei
Published: February 2023

Plastic production surpasses all other synthetic materials globally, with 5-13 million tons of them entering the oceans every year, posing serious environmental challenges. Plastics in the environment can be fragmented by UV irradiation and mechanical means into micro- or even nano-particles. Although nanoplastics have been detected in ocean water using techniques like mass spectrometry, they have never been visually seen, and thus their morphological features are unknown, which are critical to their toxicity. Here we report the direct observation of nanoplastics in ocean water around the world leveraging a unique shrinking surface bubble deposition (SSBD) technique. SSBD concentrates suspended nanoplastic particles onto a surface, allowing direct visualization using electron microscopy. With the plasmonic nanoparticles co-deposited in the SSBD process, the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy effect is enabled for chemical identification of trace amounts of nanoplastics deposited on the surface. From the water samples collected from locations on the coastlines of China, South Korea, and the United States, and deep (>300 m) in the Gulf of Mexico, we observed nanoplastics with a variety of compositions, including polycaprolactam (Nylon), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) all commonly used in daily consumables (e.g., textiles, coffee cup lids and water bottles). The plastic particles we found possessed diverse morphologies, such as nanofibers, nanoflakes, and ball-stick nanostructures. These diverse nanoplastics may profoundly impact marine organisms, and our results can provide critical information for appropriately designing their toxicity studies.
Acceder, romper barreras
Authors: Solís Santos Beatriz María
Published: February 2023

Se aborda el tema de la accesibilidad, dando una revisión desde el punto de vista normativo, pasando por testimonios personales, hasta una conclusión de las políticas de accesibilidad en nuestro país y la actitud del peruano de a pie frente a estas. Se tocan aspectos concretos de medidas adoptadas por el Estado Peruano, así como iniciativas particulares en torno a este tema. Por último, se trata de proponer algunas soluciones para las problemáticas surgidas al respecto de este tema.
Test-1
Authors: S Preethi
Published: February 2023

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Dust extinction removal from BP/RP spectra gathered from the Gaia Space Telescope using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Pallas-Quintela Lara , Melissa Ness , Manteiga Outeiro Minia , Dafonte Vázquez José Carlos
Published: February 2023

The current project aims to tackle with Gaia’s BR/RP spectra distortion caused by interstellar dust, called reddening or extinction, which makes data not to be correctly classified. For such, it is proposed a machine learning algorithm that is able to learn how to correct such effect making use of denoising autoencoders. In addition, it was also developed a method to estimate the extinction degree, since for almost any spectra that is going to be corrected, such value was not computed. The previous tasks are going to be resourceful at our research group, since we take part at the Gaia project and deal with outlier spectra. In this way, we will be able to do a finer data-preprocessing prior to their classification.
Application of AI-based assistive robotics to reinforce learning of daily living actions: initial technical validation with users
Authors: Nasri Nadia , Pacheco da Costa Soraya , Fernández Munilla Iván , Gutiérrez Álvarez Carlos , Pousada García Thais , Acevedo-Rodriguez F. Javier , Maldonado-Bascón Saturnino , López Sastre Roberto J.
Published: February 2023

This paper presents an assistive robotic application that enables people with disabili- ties to improve their participation in daily living activities and mobility. Technically, we describe an assistive robot where we implement an online action detection model, which is integrated in an application software that is able to track the progress of users in terms of learning and reinforcement of four dissimilar everyday activities. In this work, we report a first technical validation based on four-week trials with four subjects. There were a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders present in the subjects who participated in the sessions. By considering this aspect, we are able to predict how the system will behave with real end users and the main results of this technical validation are presented. Overall, we can conclude that the artificial intelligence modules for action recognition have performed well, and that the designed user application allows to track the learning and reinforcement of daily life activities performed by the users.
Positioning system of Android smartphones through the physical properties of sound
Authors: Somoza Domínguez Rubén , Vázquez Regueiro Carlos
Published: February 2023

Knowing the position of a device such as a smartphone accurately enough to control another device is a complex problem. Specific solutions (such as inertial measurement units) exist, but they are relatively expensive while do not provide accurate positioning over extended periods of time. In this project we explored methods based on the physical properties of sound to achieve quality positioning with affordable and relatively easy to set up equipment. Different options have been tested and we have chosen to use the Doppler effect to determine the speed of movement of the device and calculate its position in both 2D and 3D environments. Multiple tests have been performed demonstrating the advantages of the proposed method and pointing out the most important limitations. Finally, a demonstrator of the proposed technology has been developed to use a smartphone as a video game controller.
Automatic issue generation
Authors: Cedron Francisco , Añon-Valera Michael , Alvarez-Gonzalez Sara , Fernandez-Lozano Carlos , Carballal Adrian
Published: February 2023

It is undeniable that computing has settled in the modern world. Many elements have enabled global digitization and products are being developed faster, largely through the use of third-party services. However, the systems developed, whether a proprietary or third party, can have degradation or service outages. Having an automatic system for the generation of incidents would allow acting as soon as possible on specific problems in the services and the development of a system that allows this automation is the main objective of this work.
Some experiments on the use of Natural Language Processing for sexism detection and classification in social media
Authors: Santos-Rios Roi , Vilares Jesús , Alonso Miguel A.
Published: February 2023

As the world’s digital population grows, so does the reach and usage of social media: in 2021, 56% of the global population were social media users [1]. Social networks are now a part of our everyday life and continue to transform the way we interact with others on a global scale The downside is that negative behaviors in social interactions are also increasing their presence. For example, between March 1 and April 30, the OBERAXE (Spanish Observatory of Racism and Xenophobia) has detected a 27% increase in hate speech on social networks with respect to the previous two-month period [2]. In this paper we target the detection and classification of sexist content in social media texts. Two tasks are considered: (i) a binary classification task to decide whether a given text is sexist or not; and (ii) a multiclass classification task according to the type of sexism present in it.
Towards an automatic classification for Spanish software requirements
Authors: Limaylla-Lunarejo María-Isabel , Condori-Fernández Nelly , Rodríguez Luaces Miguel
Published: February 2023

Several machine learning (ML) algorithms in combination with natural language pro- cessing (NLP) techniques have been used in recent years in a promising way for the auto- matic classification of software requirements. Nevertheless, several works have focused on the English language. Due to the lack of work in the Spanish language, we performed a con- trolled experiment using ML algorithms in combination with text vectorization techniques to investigate the best combination for Spanish requirements classification. Based on f1- score metrics, we found the combination of SVM with TF-IDF performs better than other combinations, with a value of 0.95 for functional and 0.79 for non-functional classification.
Comparison of ensemble-combination approaches in an automatic sleep staging inter-database generalization task
Authors: Anido Alonso Adriana , Alvarez Estévez Diego
Published: February 2023

Deep learning has demostrated its usefulness in reaching top-level performance. How- ever, inter-database generalization is still a broad of concern due to the aroused differences between local and external datasets’ performances. In this work we explore different deep learning model’s combination strategies applied to a multi-database case of study in the domain of sleep medicine. More specifically, three ensemble combination methods (namely max-voting, output averaging and weighted combination using the Nelder-Mead search) are analyzed in comparison to baseline methods (local models, database assembly approach) in a sleep staging inter-database generalization task.
Joint Optimization of IRS-assisted MIMO Communications through a Deep Contextual Bandit Approach
Authors: Pereira-Ruisánchez Dariel , Fresnedo Óscar , Pérez-Adán Darian , Castedo Luis
Published: February 2023

The multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications and the intelligent re- flecting surfaces (IRSs) have been envisioned as key technologies for beyond 5G mobile networks. However, the computational complexity of conventional approaches to jointly optimize IRS-assisted MIMO communication systems constitutes a major limitation to their deployment. In this paper, we present an innovative contextual bandit (CB)-based approach for the optimization of the MIMO precoders and the IRS phase-shift matrix en- tries. The proposed optimization framework, termed as deep contextual bandit-oriented deep deterministic policy gradient (DCB-DDPG), considers a CB formulation with con- tinuous state and action spaces. The simulation results show that our proposal performs remarkably better than state-of-the-art heuristic methods in high-interference scenarios.
Portable chest X-ray image generation for the improvement of the automatic COVID-19 screening
Authors: Morís Daniel I. , Moura Joaquim de , Novo Jorge , Ortega Marcos
Published: February 2023

COVID-19 is a disease whose gold standard diagnosis tool, RT-PCR, is unable to provide accurate quantification of its severity in a given patient. Currently, this assessment can be performed with the help of chest X-ray imaging visualization that, however, is a manual, tedious and time-consuming task. In this context, Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems are very useful to facilitate the work of clinical specialists in these complex diagnostic tasks, especially in view of recent advances in deep learning techniques in the field of medical image analysis. Despite their great potential, deep learning strategies require a large amount of labelled data, which is often scarce in the context of COVID- 19 pandemic. To mitigate these problems, in this work we propose the use of a image translation paradigm, the Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks (CycleGAN) to generate a novel set of synthetic images with the aim to improve an automatic COVID-19 screening system using portable chest X-ray images.
Product configuration of a software product line using a Domain Specific Language
Authors: Castro Celard David de , Cortiñas Álvarez Alejandro , Rodríguez Luaces Miguel , Pedreira Óscar
Published: February 2023

A Software Product Line (SPL) reuses software assets to implement products that share a significant set of their features. When a developer needs to generate a new product, the selection of features determines which components and source code are assembled together as the product. In recent years, the Database Laboratory has been working with SPL tech- nologies in the field of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Our SPL creates products from a specification that allows, in addition to defining the data model of the application, to customize specific elements of the application such as maps and their associated layers. However, during its use with real projects we detected that this customization was insuf- ficient: since the selected features are included for the whole product, if we need a feature only for a specific element, we need to apply it to all the elements of the same type. In this paper we propose a solution that, using a Domain Specific Language, allows to associate features with specific elements of the generated application in order to achieve a greater customization of the generated GIS and to improve their quality. This way, it is possible to select a feature (e.g., clustering) for a specific element (e.g., map-viewer), thus limiting the functionalities of the application to those parts where they are really necessary.
Generating penetrance tables of high-order epistasis models with PyToxo
Authors: González-Seoane Borja , Ponte-Fernández Christian , González-Domínguez Jorge , Martín María J.
Published: February 2023

The interaction among different genes when expressing a particular phenotype is known as epistasis. High-order epistasis, when more than two loci are involved, is an active research area because it could be the cause of many complex traits. The most common abstraction for specifying an epistasis interaction is through a penetrance table, which captures the probability of expressing the studied phenotype given a particular genotype.

Although it is very common for simulators to use penetrance tables, most of them do not allow the user to generate them directly, or present limitations for high-order interac- tions and/or realistic prevalence and heritability values. In this work, we present PyToxo, a Python tool for generating penetrance tables from any-order epistasis models. PyToxo allows to work with more appropriate scenarios than other state-of-the-art tools. Addi- tionally, it also improves in terms of accuracy, speed and ease of use, being available as a library, through a CLI or through a cross-platform GUI.
The use of Virtual Reality in Public Speaking Training Programs
Authors: Vasconcelos Daniela , Veloso Gomes Paulo , Marques Antonio , Pereira Javier
Published: February 2023

In several studies, the fear of public speaking acts like pathology. However, giving a lecture or presenting a project are daily tasks that stir the nerves, even the non-phobic person. The article intends to show the pedagogical vision about the influence of virtual environments’ aid in public speaking practice.

Two studies were conducted. A scoping review debated the use of the virtual reality programs for public speaking skills training and has proved, in this context, is still a recent procedure, and so lacks solid evidence. Second, exploratory research detected and compared nine virtual reality applications for public speaking practice.
Assessment of selective attention in children through Digital Teddy: preliminary study
Authors: González-Eiroa Irene , Vázquez-Araujo Francisco J. , Robles-García Verónica , Castro Paula M. , Dapena Adriana
Published: February 2023

Cancellation tests are adequate to detect selective attention in children. These tests are usually performed using paper and pencil, which considerably reduces the capacity to register important parameters and requires some motor skills. In this paper, we present a mobile application that replicates the original Teddy Bear Cancellation Test and adds new features so that therapists can carry out broader studies.
Reducing complexity and cost of Digital Libraries development through Software Product Line Engineering
Authors: Ramos-Vidal Delfina , Cortiñas Álvarez Alejandro , Rodríguez Luaces Miguel , Pedreira Óscar , Saavedra Places Ángeles
Published: February 2023

Many research organisations depend on Digital Libraries, Catalogues, or Archives to support their activities, especially in Digital Humanities. These organisations confront the challenge of obtaining adequate financing to develop the necessary software. The funding devoted to software development in the grants available to these research groups is truly insufficient to confront the entire job at once, so they must use several funding rounds to complete the necessary budget, further delaying the development of the library. However, when viewed through the lens of Software Engineering, Digital Libraries have characteristics that place them in the development paradigm whose goal is to automate the creation of code from analysis specifications: Software Product Lines (SPL). Therefore, with the goal of minimising the complexity and expense of developing Digital Libraries, we propose a SPL that allows their software to be generated automatically from the definition of its data model and features, considerably reducing the budget and time necessary for its production. As a result, Digital Humanities organizations may concentrate on their study rather than worrying about software development. During the development of the project, we have followed a methodology created by the authors of this paper and successfully tested also in other domains.