bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHALLENGES ON URBAN AGEING IN HIGH DENSITY SETTLEMENTS: Relationship of built-environment attributes and lifestyle of elderly in Western province, Sri Lanka
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Jayaratne N.N. , Rajapaksha I. ,   University of Moratuwa
Published: December 2021

Urbanization and population aging are two key phenomena in the twenty-first century that concerns the elders living in cities, especially those in low- and middle-income countries like Sri Lanka. In such a setting, understanding the responsiveness of the built environment for active aging is crucial. However, even the few available studies are prioritized on health rather than the built environment attributes. Therefore, this study aims to assess the built environment attributes related to elders, for the first time, in developing countries like Sri Lanka. The assessment method composes of two case studies in Colombo, Sri Lanka with a questionnaire survey, an axial map, and a frequency analysis using the SPSS software. The case studies comprise of a middle-income and a low-income settlement both with high population density. The analysis results explicitly informed that, in comparison, the middle-income settlement is more adversely affected by the built environment response related to health and social relationships. This finding is further supported by the prominence in health-related issues of loneliness (ρ-value .042) and lack of freedom (ρ-value .014) in the middle-income settlement. The built environment attributes were ranked based on their significance in correlation with the Quality-of-Life measures and the individual age-related characteristics. This was further developed for an appraisal that assesses health-related aspects of built environment response for vulnerable age groups like elders. The findings and the appraisal could support the future decision-making process of the National health budget and future urban design interventions since Sri Lanka has the highest South Asian aging population.
A FRAMEWORK TO ENHANCE THE PRACTICE OF MAINTENANCE BUDGETING IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS IN SRI LANKA
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Rukanya S. , Sridarran P. ,   University of Moratuwa, Mahedrarajh G. ,   University of Moratuwa
Published: December 2021

Inadequate budget control is one of the major challenges that adversely affect the maintenance of a building. The cost of plant asset maintenance of the commercial building is a larger proportion of the overall cost of operation. It is important to allocate financial resources appropriately so that, before serious damage occurs, maintenance measures can be taken. Accordingly, a well-defined maintenance budget (MB) makes it possible to recognise opportunities for creating continuous business performance improvements within the financial constraints of a company. Although required building maintenance can be carried out successfully with an adequate budget, the budget is not well defined in current industrial practice and Sri Lanka is most likely dealing with the same problem. Thus, this study aimed to develop a framework to enhance the practice of a well-defined MB for commercial buildings in Sri Lanka. The qualitative approach was adopted to address this study. A comprehensive literature review was done and five case studies were performed using ten semi-structured interviews to collect the primary data. The interviewees were selected based on their knowledge in the field of maintenance cost planning. Data were analysed through content analysis using both manual and NVivo 12 software. The research finding revealed that prime barriers of prepare an accurate MB are poor planning of maintenance work and resources, faulty maintenance, changes in country market condition, and poor financial support. The key strategies to overcome the barriers are to select the right budget method, arise awareness of top management about building maintenance and avoid faulty maintenance.
IMPACT OF COLOUR ON DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS LEVELS OF PHYSICALLY DISABLED PATIENTS IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES
Authors:   Department of Architecture, University of Moratuwa, Hettiarachchi A .A. , Perera D.R. ,   Department of Architecture, University of Moratuwa
Published: December 2021

Physically disabled community in Sri Lanka is not receiving sufficient attention with reference to the conduciveness of their living environments. The patients who are harrowed with mobility impairments should be supported to overcome challenges which hinder the smooth functioning of day today physical activities while maintaining their psychological health by incorporating disabled-friendly, optimum healing design interventions. In view of this, an attempt was made to determine the impact of interior colours to reduce depression, anxiety and stress levels of disabled individuals. The investigation was executed with reference to wall colour of patient’s (n=15) bedrooms of a selected rehabilitation centre, at Ragama. The impact of three selected hues (blue, yellow and green) were tested by installing colour panels on the sidewall of the beds, allowing the participants to be exposed to each colour for three consecutive days. Depression, anxiety and stress levels of participants were measured using DASS-21. Impact of green colour was found to be more favourable to reduce depression, anxiety and stress levels of participants over blue and yellow. It is recommended to extend this study further to test different hues, shades and intensities of green colour with long-term exposure, to enhance psychological health and well-being of disabled patients in health care facilities.
A REVIEW OF SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT TOOLS ON PRIORITIZING PHYSICAL SAFETY AND COMFORT TO EFFECTIVELY CONTROL ACCIDENTS IN STREETS OF COLOMBO
Authors:   Department of Architecture, University of Moratuwa, Kumaraguruparan A. , Wijesundara K.W.J.P. ,   Department of Architecture, University of Moratuwa, Weerasinghe U.G.D ,   Department of Architecture, University of Moratuwa
Published: December 2021

The definition of sustainability has evolved since it was defined by the Brundtland commission in 1987, and become comprehensive over time with defined social, environmental and economy based ‘Sustainable Development Goals’. Today the necessity and feasibility of inclusion of safety and comfort as key components of sustainable development of urban streets has become vital considering the number of accidents and crimes taking place in urban contexts. High number of road accidents have been recorded in Colombo as noted from the report issued by the Sri Lanka Department of Census and Statistics. This is primarily due to lack of regulations or any ratification on enforcing physical safety and comfort aspects. Therefore considering the principles of sustainability, and sustainability rating being established an universal quality assessment tool, it is important to incorporate physical safety and comfort as an element of sustainability in designing urban streets. The analysis is done by defining sustainability through literature review, identifying the research gap on physical safety and comfort using VOSviewer software, and assessing the significance of safety and comfort in designing urban streets using available online data.
Experimental Investigation and Theoretical Analysis on the Performance of Tube-Sheet Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) Collectors
Authors: Yu Guoqing , Liu Hongzhi , Zhao Wei , Yang Gaojie
Published: December 2021

The PV/T collectors realize the simultaneous output of electricity and thermal energy, which are more efficient than the separated photovoltaic (PV) or solar thermal collectors. In this paper, the electricity generation and thermal collection performances of tube-sheet PV/T collector are studied. The main research contents are as follows: an experimental test system of PV/T collector was built to test the electricity generation and thermal collection performances of tube-sheet PV/T at an inlet water temperature of 30°C. Moreover, the flow resistance test was carried out. In addition, the theoretical heat transfer model was established, and the thermal performance was calculated by theoretical analysis. The experimental data showed that the daily average temperature difference between the PV panel and the inlet water temperature was about 22.5°C. The daily average electrical efficiency was about 9.25%, and the daily average thermal efficiency was about 28.67%. The theoretical analysis of the tube-sheet PV/T model was carried out, and the calculated results were close to the experimental results. The main reason for the large temperature difference between the PV panel and water temperature was that the combined thermal resistance between the PV panel and the absorber plate was large, and reducing the combined thermal resistance could reduce the temperature of the PV panel. The effects of solar irradiance, ambient temperature and spacing of row tubes on the performance of thermal collection were analyzed to optimize the PV/T performance.
Decarbonization of Summer Cooling Energy Demands of Buildings Employing Absorption Systems in the Framework of Climate Change in Italy
Authors: Salata Ferdinando , Falasca Serena , Ciancio Virgilio , Grignaffini Stefano
Published: December 2021

Temperatures in the Mediterranean area have gradually risen in the last decades due to climate change, especially in the Italian Peninsula. This phenomenon has increased the cooling needs to ensure thermal comfort in buildings and, consequently, the use of refrigeration machines. Summer air conditioning is carried out mainly using compression machines powered by electricity supplied by the national network. All this contributes to the emission of climate-changing gases. To avoid this disadvantageous chain, compression machines could be replaced by absorption cooling systems powered by solar energy. The energy needs of the buildings in a time are directly proportional to the sum of positive differences between the outdoor air temperature and the indoor set point of the systems (equal to 26°C). The annual sum of hourly temperature differences defined above can be computed for each grid cell thanks to a numerical weather prediction model, namely the Weather Research and Forecasting model, that simulates the hourly temperatures on high-resolution computation grids and over fairly large extents. Maps of cooling consumption for buildings are thus produced. Choosing absorption solar energy-powered systems instead of vapor compression refrigeration systems leads to a drop in electrical energy consumption and therefore in emissions of greenhouse gases. In this work, different hypothetical scenarios of penetration of this technology have been considered. And the subsequent consumption of electricity withdrawn from the national grid has been estimated together with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
Composition Materials With Metal Matrix Condensed from the Vapor Phase
Authors: Grechanyuk N.I. , Grechanyuk V.G. , Manulyk A.F.
Published: December 2021

In this article, the present-day problems of microporous condensed materials obtained from the vapor phase are discussed. The pore sizes are regulated by the amount of the second phase concentration and the deposition temperature.

The oxides, fluorides, and sulfides can be used as the second phase and non-removable inclusions. The open porosity can be regulated from 0% to 50 %of the porosity and with average porose sizes of 0.1 to 8 µm. The condensed micro-porous materials can be deposited in coating form or the form of massive bulk sheet materials with a thickness of up to 6 mm and a diameter of 1m.
Estimation of district level TFR of eight EAG states and Assam from NFHS-4, 2015-16
Authors:   Evidence Project
Published: December 2021

As there is a push to monitor indicators at the local level, it is important to determine whether surveys designed for national representation can be used at the district level. This paper explores the accuracy and validity of using the NFHS-4, a nationally representative data source, to estimate district-level Total Fertility Rate (TFR) for the eight Empowered Action Group (EAG) states and Assam.
Designing of Facility Layout Ecobrick Material Using Ergonomic Intervention Reduce Muscoloskeletal Disorder
Authors:   Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Budiyanto Tri , Asih Hayati Mukti ,   Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Adiyanto Okka ,   Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Kristanto Irvan ,   Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Published: December 2021

Kamulyan waste bank is a place to collect the waste from the household around Lowanu Village, Brontokusuman, Mergangsan, Yogyakarta. This waste is distributed to garbage collectors and sorted. Plastic waste that cannot be recycled is used as material for making ecobricks. Ecobricks are materials made from used plastic bottles filled with plastic sachets, plastic bags, and similar materials that are compressed. In making ecobricks, workers perform activities in a sitting position on the floor with both legs folded in and a slightly bent posture. This work attitude causes muscle complaints in the upper and lower neck, upper arm, right elbow, left wrist, and left hand. The purpose of the study was to improve work attitudes to reduce muscle complaints in body parts by designing ergonomic work facilities. This research was conducted with ergonomics intervention on the design of ecobrick plastic compaction work facilities with the Nordic Body Map-VAS Modified Questionnaire. The muscle complaints of the workers' body parts were determined using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. The results of the study provide a design for compaction of ecobrick plastic materials with dimensions of table length 134.44 cm, table width 66.39 cm, table height 71.63 cm, length of seat mat 41.41 cm, width of seat mat 43.49 cm, height seat 44.51 cm, backrest height 55.5 cm, and backrest width 45.88 cm. Based on the NBM-VAS questionnaire, it shows that the initial condition of pain or pain in the upper neck and lower neck with a moderate pain value is aimed at a scale of 6.5 cm and 7.3 cm to mild pain with a scale of 4.2 cm and 4.3 cm. . Moderate pain in the left wrist and left hand with a scale of 6.1 cm, respectively, to no pain on a scale of 3.1 cm and 3 cm.
The object detection system of balinese script on traditional Balinese manuscript with findcontours method
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia, Manuaba Putra , Indah Komang Ayu Triana ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

Lontar is a traditional Balinese manuscript with a Balinese script in it. Balinese traditional manuscripts can be more than 100 years old. The age factor of the Balinese manuscript has an impact on the Balinese script in it. Balinese script that has been written more than 10 years tends to be darker. This makes Balinese script not visible well, and this affects the image quality of the manuscript. This thing becomes the main issue in this research, Balinese script detection on Balinese manuscript images. the first of all is image processing using edge detection, canny and Sobel becomes the main algorithm of this process. After image processing, the Balinese manuscript will be processed with the findcontour method to detect an object that contains in it. The final process of this detection system is to separate detected objects into three main groups namely noise object, Balinese script object, and hole object. Application (Balinese script object detection system) is more accurate in detecting Balinese script objects in Balinese script under 1 year (new script), it tends to be more likely to find noise/dirt. This is because the writing of the lontar using a pencil first before using the knife media. This adds to the noise or dirt detected by the application The findcontour method can detect Balinese script objects with a detection result of 30% - 70% Balinese script objects.
Das Erzählen sozialer Traumata. Der Ich-Erzähler, das kommunikative Gedächtnis und das Vergessen bei Juan Gabriel Vásquez
Authors: Homann Florian
Published: December 2021

La relación entre literatura, memoria y olvido es un tema dominante en la narrativa de Juan Gabriel Vásquez, escritor que trata con preferencia los procesos del recordar a nivel individual y colectivo. En este artículo se analizan los aspectos correspondientes en
El ruido de las cosas al caer cuyo narrador quiere superar un trauma y olvidar. Se aplica el concepto de una retórica de la memoria colectiva y se muestra que la novela está relacionada con una dimensión comunicativa de la memoria: entre otros factores, la
instancia narrativa en primera persona asocia la narración a la experiencia directa del narrador testigo en un horizonte social cercano. Determinados acontecimientos e intertextos se convierten en referencias culturales y, por lo tanto, en figuras de memoria en las que se basa
la memoria colectiva de una generación específica.
Aproximación a un estudio estilístico de la fraseología representada en la Crónica Troyana (Juan de Burgos, 1490)
Authors: Vicente Llavata Santiago
Published: December 2021

This article aims to contribute to the knowledge of Medieval Hispanic Phraseology by means of the stylistic analysis of the phraseological units, which are represented in the Crónica troyana (Juan de Burgos, 1490). To achieve this aim, this study is based on the methodological
program proposed by Echenique Elizondo (2003), in order to tackle the historical and stylistic analysis of these units. From the selection of two passages referring to amor and to militia in the context of the Matter of Troy, the combinations contained in the Crónica
troyana will be analyzed in contrast to the rest of peninsular versions derived from the Historia destructionis Troiae (c. 1287). This is intended to advance the knowledge of the phraseology represented in the narrative tradition of the Matter of Troy in the Hispanic domain.
MAKTABAH SYUMILA NU FIHA DAN MAKTABAH SYAMILAH: DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND CONTESTATION IN PESANTREN
Authors: Kardi Kardi , Makin Al , Masruri Anis
Published: December 2021

This article aims to describe the Pesantren’s response to the use of digital applications of classical books as open sources of education. Starting from the phenomenon of using al-maktabah sya> milah software in Pesantren Salaf (traditional Islamic boarding schools) where they have a scientific tradition of using printed Kitab Kuning (Islamic classical books) for quite a long time. The presence of a digital media transformation called al-maktabah sya>milah is an alternative for searching information on classical books in Pesantrens. Then, this article questions on the emergence of al-maktabah syu> mila NU fi>ha software at the Pesantren Assalafiyyah, Mlangi, Sleman, Yogyakarta in response to the presence of al-maktabah sya>milah. Syu>mila NU containing digital books by mu'tabar ulama taught in Pesantren Salaf, while Syamilah containing books by Arabic ulama allegedly carrying Wahhabi understanding. This has led to a contestation between the two Kitab Kuning digital applications in the Pesantren Salaf. This article uses an interpretive qualitative descriptive approach from library document data, multi-site, and software. The author analyzes the information on both the software and the related web. Maktabah syu> mila NU fi>ha software development is defensive which aims to fortify the Pesantren from the influence of the syamilah maktabah understanding which brings Wahhabi; a intolerant, apolitical, anti-tradition, and transnational understanding. The presence of this application appeared various responses from the pesantrens. Pesantren Hidayatul Mubtadi'in Lirboyo, Kediri tends to be skeptical whether Pesantren Assalafiyyah Mlangi, Yogyakarta is more neutral, and Pesantren Salafiyyah Syafi’iyyah Sukorejo, Situbondo tends to be moderate and optimistic. This response is inseparable from the pesantren policy which is contained in the board’s rules for the use of electronic devices.
MODEL ANALISIS FINANSIAL OLAHAN KOMODITAS KELAPA (Studi Kasus pada Kecamatan Mandah Indragiri Hilir)
Authors: Mardesci Hermiza , Yulianti
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan model analisis kelayakan finansial olahan komoditas kelapa. Untuk menghasilkan model analisis kelayakan finansial olahan komoditas kelapa, diperlukan input berupa biaya tetap, biaya tidak tetap, kapasitas pengolahan, harga bahan baku, harga jual produk, tingkat suku bunga, dan jumlah jam kerja. Input inilah yang akan diproses pada basis data analisis finansial, sehingga output yang diperoleh berupa NPV, B/C Ratio, IRR, dan BEP. Hasil perhitungan NPV dengan umur proyek 5 tahun pada tingkat suku bunga 6% per tahun, untuk pengolahan minyak goreng adalah Rp 53.778,98 dengan jumlah produksi sebanyak 3,5 kg per hari, Gross B/C ratio adalah 1,005, IRR adalah 12,4 per tahun, dan BEP adalah 266,50 kg/tahun. Hasil perhitungan NPV untuk pengolahan gula kelapa adalah Rp 77.195.135,36 dengan jumlah produksi sebanyak 10 kg per hari, Gross B/C ratio adalah 1,748, IRR adalah tak terhingga, dan BEP adalah 347,74 kg/tahun. Hasil perhitungan NPV untuk pengolahan arang tempurung adalah Rp 318.969.800,56 dengan jumlah produksi 150 kg per hari, Gross B/C ratio adalah 9,557, IRR adalah tak terhingga, dan BEP adalah 1.526,73 kg/tahun.
Relationship Between Smartphone Addiction and Stress and Life Satisfaction in Medical Students
Authors:   Kavosh Cognitive Behavior Sciences and Addiction Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Eisanazar Adeleh , Najafi Kiomars ,   Kavosh Cognitive Behavior Sciences and Addiction Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Mohammadi Amin ,   School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Sarlak Casra ,   School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Mirfarhadi Nastaran ,   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background: Students, as the first adopters of new technologies are more exposed to smartphone addiction than other groups in society, and consequently problems, such as biopsychological and academic conditions. Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between smartphone addiction and stress and life satisfaction in the medical students of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on 331 medical students in the intern and trainee of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Guilan province, Iran, in 2020. Web-Based questionnaires were used to collect the necessary data. The personal and social information (age, gender, academic performance; grade point average, the place of residence, marital status, & educational level) and Smartphone addiction scale (SAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; Cohen et al, 1983), and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) were completed by the study volunteers. The information was entered into SPSS. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, Independent Samples t-test, and multiple linear regression analysis) were used in statistical analysis. Results: The present research results suggested that smartphone addiction was positively correlated with stress (P=0.01, r=0.65) and life satisfaction (P=0.01, r=-0.58). Smartphone addiction scores, stress, and life satisfaction were influenced by demographic variables. The results of multiple analyses indicated that stress (β=0.52) and life satisfaction (β=-0.34), respectively, significantly explained 57% of the variance of smartphone addiction (P<0.001). Conclusion: The increase in smartphone addiction was associated with more perceived stress and lower life satisfaction among medical students. This finding can provide useful insights for policymakers about the psychological effects of smartphone addiction on students.
The Effects of Hydro-alcoholic Extract of Ocimum Basilicum Green Leaf on Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizure in Male Mice
Authors:   Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Rahimipour Atena , Rostampour Mohammad ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background: Regarding the chronic nature of epilepsy, and drug resistance in many cases, herbal medicine has received remarkable interest. Objective The present study aimed to determine the anticonvulsant effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Ocimum basilicum green leaf on Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure in male mice. Methods: In this experimental study, 48 albino male mice, weighing 20-25 g were randomly divided into 6 groups. All study groups were injected intraperitoneally (IP). The negative and positive control groups received saline (10 mL/kg) and phenobarbital (40 mg/kg) respectively. The treatment groups received 100, 300, 500, and 1000 mg/kg doses of hydro-alcoholic extract Ocimum basilicum green leaf. To provoke convulsion, after 45 minutes, PTZ was injected (80 mg/kg) to all research groups; accordingly, the d initiation time of myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures and the frequency of 24h death were measured. Results: The obtained results indicated that the extract delayed the initiation time of myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures, compared with the controls. The delay was significant at doses of 1000 (P<0.001), 500, and 300 mg/kg (P<0.01) for myoclonic seizure as well as 1000, 500, and 300 mg/kg (P<0.001) and 100 mg/kg (P<0.05) for tonic-clonic seizure. Furthermore, the extract decreased the 24h death. This was significant at doses of 1000, 500, and 300 mg/kg (P<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that the hydro-alcoholic extract of Ocimum basilicum green leaf presented decremental effects on PTZ-induced seizure and death in male mice.
Conhecimento dos responsáveis sobre a importância da vacinação infantil
Authors: Stepaniak Barros Ernanda , Cristina Cavalheiri Jolana
Published: December 2021

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento dos pais e responsáveis sobre imunização nos primeiros quinze meses de idade. Estudo de campo, transversal e quantitativo, realizado com 62 pais e responsáveis. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário, formulado com base na literatura, que avaliou o conhecimento quanto à proteção conferida pela vacina, idade de administração e eventos adversos. A análise ocorreu de forma descritiva e relativa. Observaram-se fragilidades no conhecimento dos pais quanto à proteção conferida pelas vacinas que protegem contra tuberculose (27,4%) e rotavírus humano (43,5%). Obtiveram-se frequências inferiores a 50% na idade correta de administração do imunobiológico e nos eventos adversos que podem ocorrer (Vacina de Febre Amarela, Tetra e Tríplice Viral, Hepatites A e B, Vacina oral contra poliomielite e difteria, tétano e coqueluche). Constatou-se conhecimento mediano e fragilidades importantes na identificação da idade adequada de imunização e da ocorrência de eventos adversos.
Spatial Analysis of Dog Ownership and Car Use in the UK
Authors: Philips Ian , Mattioli Giulio , Anable Jillian
Published: December 2021

Walking the dog, and other dog-related practices, have been suggested to be particularly car-dependent. Secondary data analysis presented finds associations between the high energy use practices of car travel and dog ownership. There is a strong association between the rate of dog ownership and car km travelled per person. This relationship holds when controlling for income, level of urbanisation housing type and demographic variables.
HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING MODEL: CONCEPTS AND PRACTICAL RESULTS OF IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Yurchyshena Liudmyla
Published: December 2021

The problem of financing higher education is becoming increasingly important in both domestic and international practice. Changing approaches to financing models and simultaneous reduction of public funding depends on several factors, mainly due to the transformation process related to the changes in technology, the wave of innovations, the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, financial and economic crises causing the review of the role and priorities of the institution of the state, public finance potential on the financing of higher education. The aim of the article is to study theoretical approaches to understanding the concept of the «financing model», assess the results of the introduction of the formula for the allocation of the state budget expenditures between higher education institutions of Ukraine to identify the most impactful components of the model and trends. In the process of our research, we used such methods as: analysis, synthesis, comparison, system analysis, statistical methods (regressions, means, grouping, data distribution), data visualization method and others. Based on a synthesis of approaches of foreign and domestic scholars to the concept of «the funding model», the author proposes to consider it at two levels: macro (public funding, which is a tool for allocating budget funds between the state and higher education institutions under pre-defined conditions, agreements, parameters, indicators) and micro (formed at the level of a separate university, and includes budget and additional funding in certain proportions). The article examines the macro approach to the results of the introduction of the funding formula in 2020–2021, assesses the level of funding for the HEIs, determines the interdependence of the integrated performance indicator and the estimated student body of the HEIs, assesses the strength of relationship, distribution criteria and obtained values (estimated body, scale of activity, regional support, scientific activity, international recognition, employment of graduates). The positive effects of the introduction of the formula model of financing are the implementation of the state educational policy, strategic positioning of universities, the introduction of innovative approaches to management, conducting educational and scientific activities, improving quality indicators. The disadvantage is the dependence on student body studying at the request of the state, limited resources (material, human, financial, etc.) to achieve efficiency (as a result – underfunding), so powerful, innovative universities able to respond to stakeholder requests, produce quality services and effectively promote them in the market of educational services have advantages.
DEVELOPMENT OF IT EDUCATION AS A FACTOR OF THE FORMATION OF CREATIVE HUMAN CAPITAL
Authors:   National University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, Posnova Tatiana , Tereshchenko Hanna ,   SSI «Institute of Educational Analytics»
Published: December 2021

Nowadays in Ukraine the problem of educational training of IT specialists is relevant as a factor of the formation of creative human capital. The problem of IT education development is one of the key tasks in the process of ensuring the growth of creative industries, the contribution of which can be assessed by their share in GDP, value added, number of jobs, export potential and foreign exchange inflows. The article uses general scientific research methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, induction, deduction and statistical method. The purpose of the article is to assess the development of IT education, identify issues and assess prospects for the formation of a creative economy. The article analyzes the Creative outputs of European countries in 2020; the analysis includes the dynamics of growth of the number of IT specialists in Ukraine for 2014-2020; the share of IT specialists in the general structure of employment, the level of formation of mathematical literacy of students in Ukraine against the background of the achievements of their peers in the OECD countries; regional data on the results of the participants in the external independent assessment in mathematics; the number of people who graduated in IT and mathematics. Based on the analysis, the main directions of the development of IT education as a factor of the formation of creative human capital were identified. Conclusions are made on the directions of the development of IT education as a factor of the formation of creative human capital, including the following: increasing funding for training of IT specialists, as well as broad involvement of students in research, which will ensure the development of innovative competencies of future graduates; increasing the mathematical competencies of general secondary school students; ensuring the ability of higher education institutions to train such specialists who meet the requirements of the labor market; creation of innovative business universities, which, in turn, will provide an opportunity to respond quickly to the needs of the IT sector; ensuring stable cooperation with leading IT companies, which will help adapt educational programs to the needs of the creative IT industry.
Epidemiological Study of Road Traffic Accidents in Japan during 2010-2019
Authors: Khuluqi Muhammad Husnul , Kurniawidjaja Meily L
Published: December 2021

The study aimed to determine epidemiological characteristics of road traffic accidents in Japan during the year 2010-2019. A cross-sectional descriptive study depended on a retrospective analysis of road traffic accident data that were obtained from the National Police Agency (NPA) for the years 2010 – 2019 in Japan. The relationship of road traffic accident consequences as dependent variables with age, road user type, helmet, and seatbelt use as independent variables during the studied years was analyzed with Chi-square test. The case fatality rate has been declining every year from 3.88 in 2010 to 2.54 per 100,000 persons. More than half of fatality cases have occurred among the elderly. There was a statistically significant relationship between road user type and accident severities. 36.21% fatality occurred in pedestrians. Otherwise, 27.61% of motor vehicle occupants were dominant in serious injury cases and 66.87% in slight injury cases. Most of the casualties revealed for fatality cases were in the head, whereas the leg part was dominant in serious injury cases and the neck region was raised in slight injuries. There was a significant relationship between the use of helmets and seat belt use with casualties of road traffic accidents. There was a declined trend of road traffic accidents in Japan during 10 years of study. The result of the epidemiological study could be a valid consideration for the design of road safety policy in the future.
Pembelajaran Norma Baharu Era Covid-19: Refleksi Pelajar Kursus Metodologi Penyelidikan USIM
Authors: Abd Rahman Lubna , Adam Zalika , Ramlan Siti Rosilawati , Zainuddin Ghazali
Published: December 2021

Masyarakat seluruh dunia menyaksikan perubahan drastik dalam kehidupan mereka sejak berlakunya penularan wabak COVID-19. Perubahan ini meliputi semua aspek kehidupan termasuklah sosial, ekonomi dan politik. Masyarakat terpaksa mengharungi norma kehidupan baharu bagi mengekang penularan pandemik ini. Bidang pendidikan sama ada di peringkat rendah, menengah mahu pun institusi pengajian tinggi turut terkesan dengan perubahan tersebut. Di Malaysia, para pendidik dan pelajar mula beralih daripada pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) di dalam bilik darjah dan bilik kuliah kepada norma baharu PdP dalam talian (online). Pelbagai platform digunakan untuk merealisasi sistem PdP seperti penggunaan Google Classroom, Telegram, Zoom, Microsoft Teams dan sebagainya agar pelajar tidak ketinggalan dalam proses pembelajaran. Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) turut melaksanakan pembelajaran dalam talian selaras dengan arahan Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi supaya pembelajaran pelajar dapat diteruskan tanpa sebarang halangan. Kajian ini cuba melihat perubahan ini dari kaca mata pelajar Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia untuk mengetahui pandangan mereka tentang pembelajaran dalam talian. Kajian tinjauan ini menggunakan soal selidik bentuk terbuka. Responden kajian terdiri daripada pelajar Tahun 3 yang mengikuti kursus Metodologi Penyelidikan (MP) pada semester satu sesi akademik 2020/2021. Hasil kajian mendapati kursus ini sukar untuk dipelajari melalui dalam talian kerana memerlukan penerangan secara terus dan terperinci daripada pensyarah. Selain itu, pelajar juga kurang selesa mengikuti pembelajaran dalam talian kerana tidak dapat bersemuka dengan pensyarah untuk bertanyakan apa jua permasalahan yang dihadapi semasa melakukan tugasan. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan input kepada pihak pensyarah dan pentadbir universiti untuk memastikan kaedah PdP yang bersesuaian kepada pelajar dan memberi manfaat yang optimal dalam pembelajaran mereka.
Tinjauan Sistematik Pembelajaran Koperatif Menggunakan Kaedah Jigsaw Dalam Penulisan Bahasa
Authors: TEE YI HUI , AMRAN M. SYAWAL
Published: December 2021

Pembelajaran koperatif Jigsaw merupakan salah satu amalan pedagogi yang mementingkan komponen sosialisasi dan budaya perkongsian ilmu sesama pelajar. Melalui budaya kerjasama, pelajar dapat mencapai matlamat dan menyelesaikan masalah yang tidak dapat diatasi secara bersendirian. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk meninjau secara sistematik berkaitan pembelajaran kaedah Jigsaw dalam penulisan bahasa. Tinjauan sistematik ini melibatkan analisis secara induktif dengan pencarian sebanyak 19 buah artikel dan jurnal yang berimpak tinggi melalui enjin pencarian Educational Resources Information Centre (ERIC), Researchgate, Google Scholar, Springerlink, ScienceDirect dan Scopus. Pencarian adalah dengan menggunakan kata kunci seperti teknik Jigsaw, Jigsaw classroom dan pembelajaran penulisan Jigsaw. Kajian ini membuat tinjauan tentang instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian penulisan Jigsaw dan implikasi pengajaran koperatif Jigsaw. Dapatan tinjauan menunjukkan bahawa kebanyakan kajian menggunakan instrumen soal selidik dan ujian sebagai skala pengukuran motivasi penulisan, kreativiti dalam penulisan dan pencapaian pelajar dalam pembelajaran penulisan Jigsaw. Hasil tinjauan juga mengenalpasti bahawa kaedah koperatif Jigsaw membawa implikasi positif terhadap pembelajaran penulisan. Kesimpulannya, dapatan kajian ini memberi gambaran kepada pengkaji lain bahawa kaedah Jigsaw sesuai dijadikan sebagai alat pengukur dalam bidang pendidikan.
Pendekatan Retorik Quranik Dalam Pembentukan Adab dan Kesopanan Komunikasi Berasaskan Komuniti; Satu Tinjauan Menerusi Surah An-nisa
Authors: W.A Wan Azura , M.Z.A Ahmad Fazullah
Published: December 2021

Pendidikan kesopanan komunikasi dan adab susila perlu diterapkan dalam setiap individu kerana ia merupakan benteng penting dalam mengawal perilaku seseorang. Golongan yang paling mudah terpengaruh dengan masalah kerosakan akhlak dan salah laku masyarakat adalah remaja. Jiwa remaja yang sentiasa sukakan cabaran dan perkara baru mendorong remaja sentiasa ingin mencuba dan kecetakan ilmu pengetahuan biasanya menjebakkan mereka ke dalam kancah perilaku yang salah. Oleh yang demikian pendidikan akhlak perlu disemai semenjak kecil bermula dengan ilmu akidah, seterusnya ilmu akhlak seperti menghormati ibu bapa dan seterusnya bijak bersosial serta bergaul dengan jiran tetangga serta masyarakat keseluruhannya. Objektif kertas kerja ini cuba mengupas permasalah akhlak serta kesannya terhadap komuniti masyarakat. Selain itu kertas kerja ini juga meninjau beberapa kupasan Adab dan kesopanan komunikasi dalam al-Quran iaitu Surah An-nisa’ dalam menangani masalah ini.  Metodologi kajian ini berdasarkan kajian deskriptif dan analisis kandungan ayat-ayat terpilih bertemakan adab dan akhlak dari surah an-Nisa’. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa surah an-Nisa banyak mengandungi unsur adab yang boleh dipraktikan terutamanya berkaitan harga diri.  Pemahaman yang jelas terhadap isu kandungan al-Quran ini khususnya dalam hal berkaitan akhlak boleh dijadikan pedoman terutama kepada golongan remaja dalam membentuk perwatakan mereka.  Kepentingan kajian adalah kerana ia merupakan salah satu bidang penyelidikan yang menggabungjalinkan pelbagai bidang (multidisciplinary) iaitu bidang adab sosial, psikologi dan retorik bahasa Arab-al-Quran dalam menjelaskan tema-tema kemanusiaan dalam al-Quran sebagai panduan kepada manusia sejagat.
Kesan Bekerja Sambilan Terhadap Pencapaian Akademik Pelajar Ketika Pandemik Covid-19
Authors: Shaiful Baharum Azlan , Md Shar Nur Zabidi , Abbas Ummu-Hani
Published: December 2021

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan persepsi pelajar tentang bekerja sambil belajar ketika suasana pandemik Covid-19 ini. Ia juga mengkaji kesan positif dan negatif bekerja semasa belajar dan meneroka cabaran yang dihadapi oleh pelajar yang bekerja semasa belajar dan cara mereka mengatasi masalah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dalam situasi menemubual pelajar tahun tiga, Fakulti Pengajian Bahasa Utama dari Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai, Negeri Sembilan secara dalam talian. Kajian ini melibatkan 3 responden. Pengkaji menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak mudah untuk memilih sampel. Data penyelidikan dikumpulkan melalui pemerhatian, analisis dokumen dan temuduga. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan terdapat kelebihan dan kekurangan kepada pelajar USIM yang bekerja semasa belajar. Antara kelebihannya adalah dapat menambah pendapatan dari segi kewangan. Mereka juga mendapat pengalaman baharu untuk kerjaya dalam dunia pekerjaan. Ini penting agar mereka tidak menganggur pada masa akan datang. Kelemahannya adalah boleh menyebabkan tekanan emosi seperti keletihan dan kurang tidur kerana kesukaran membahagikan masa antara waktu belajar secara dalam talian dan bekerja terutama berdepan dengan cabaran semasa ketika Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP) yang dilaksanakan kerajaan sekarang.
 
This study aims to determine the students’ perceptions on working while studying during the current period of Covid-19 pandemic. It also examines the positive and negative effects of working while studying and explores the challenges faced by students who are working while studying, and how do they overcome the problems. This study uses a qualitative approach by interviewing third year students, Faculty of Major Language Studies from Islamic Science University of Malaysia (USIM), Nilai, Negeri Sembilan via online. This research involved 3 respondents whereby the researchers used the purposive sampling method for USIM students. Research data were collected through participant observation, document analysis and interviews via Telegram application. The results of this study show that there are advantages and disadvantages for USIM students who work while studying. The advantage is that for USIM students who work while studying are financially capable because they are working. They also get new experience for their career in the world of employment, which is important to avoid being unemployed in the future. The disadvantage is that it can cause emotional stress such as fatigue and lack of sleep due to the difficulty of dividing time between online study and work especially during the Movement Control Order (MCO).
Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity, a 10-year Experience of a Single-center, Referral, Hospital
Authors: Chutasmit Kanya , Wongsiridej Pimol , Sommai Kanokwan , Siriwaeo Supharat , Insawang Pranchalee , Kitsommart Ratchada
Published: December 2021

Objective: To explore the incidence and trend of ROP over the past 10 years. The secondary objective was to identifyany association between clinical variables and threshold ROP.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study of infants with <33 weeks’ gestational age (GA) orbirth weight (BW) ≤1,500g were screened for ROP between January 2010 and December 2019 Infants who hadthreshold ROP, labelled as the T-group, were compared against non-threshold infants (either normal or prethresholdROP), or the NT-group.Results: Of the 1,247 infants who were screened for ROP, 174 (14%) tested positive for ROP while 26 (2.1%) hadthreshold ROP. Infants who had ROP had a mean ±standard deviation (SD) GA 27.2 ± 2.2 weeks and 115 (66.1%)were <1000g at birth. Advanced GA was independently associated with lower risk of threshold ROP [adjusted oddsratio (95% confidence interval, CI); 0.71 (0.52, 0.98), p=0.04]. There was no difference in respiratory and hemodynamicoutcomes between the T and NT-group, except for longer hospitalization (median [P25, P75]; 121[106.3, 160.5]and 93.5[72.3, 129] days, p=0.003]. Culture-positive septicemia was independently associated with threshold ROP[adjusted odds ratio (95% CI); 4.48 (1.72, 11.68), p=0.002].Conclusion: The incidence of different stages of ROP in infants was 14% and 2.1% for severe ROP which requiredtreatment. Lower GA and positive-culture septicemia was associated with a higher incidence of severe ROP.
Legal Protection for Consumers on Online Trade of Imported Food Products That Do Not Have a Circulation License in Indonesia
Authors: Maswandi  , Jamillah  , Wilson Simanjuntak
Published: December 2021

Legal protection for consumers for online trading of imported food products without a distribution permit is something that is very important to do in Indonesia, considering that for consumers to obtain any goods through buying and selling is not something difficult in the era of modern technology at this time with the presence of online media, but maintaining the health of certain food products is the main goal for everyone. The presence of online media makes it easier for consumers and business actors to access buying and selling transactions. The online media that are widely used by business actors include Instagram, Facebook, WhatsApp and so on. However, the existence of several products in the form of imported food without a distribution permit sold online from business actors will certainly have a negative impact on consumers as buyers, especially the impact on health caused by food products. Although Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection can be used as an umbrella to provide protection for consumers. However, considering that the regulation does not stipulate a supervisory mechanism for business actors who do not have a distribution permit, so that the legal protection that is implemented cannot run properly as determined, that's why there are still many business actors in trading imported food products that do not yet have a license. distribution permit which ultimately does not provide legal protection for consumers properly is the cause of the weak regulation on consumer protection.
Pregnancy Complications in Women with PCOS: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tanvir KM , Rahman Mohammad Lutfor
Published: December 2021

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder which affects women in their reproductive ages. There might have association between maternal and neonatal complications with PCOS. The goal of this study is to look for the association between polycystic ovary syndromes (PCOS) and obstetric complications through meta-analysis on the basis of previously published studies from 2000 to 2019. In the current endeavour 17 studies involving 1975 women with PCOS and 10812 controls were selected for pooling. During pregnancy period women who have PCOS showed a significantly higher risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (RR 2.51; 95% CI: 1.71-3.65), pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) (RR 2.76; 95% CI: 2.04-3.72), preeclampsia (RR 2.14; 95% CI: 1.34-3.40), preterm birth (RR 1.41; 95% CI: 1.08-1.85) compared to controls. Neonatal birth weight is significantly lower (SMD -0.18; 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.03) compared to controls. It is concluded that women who have PCOS have greater chance of having pregnancy complications as well as risk of neonatal complications such as having low birth weight.
Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 69(2): 82-87, 2021 (July)