bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propiedades fundamentales de cúmulos estelares azules, compactos y de alto brillo superficial en la Nube Mayor de Magallanes
Authors: Talavera Martha Lorena , Ahumada Andrea Veronica , Clariá Juan Jose , Santos Joao FC , Bica Eduardo , Parisi M Celeste
Published: May 2013

Presentamos espectros integrados en el rango óptico (3600-6800Å) de 29 cúmulos azules compactos y de alto brillo superficial de la Nube Mayor de Magallanes (NMM). Estimamos enrojecimiento a partir del método de ajuste de templates y usando mapas de extinción interestelar en la región de los cúmulos, las edades la determinamos a partir del método de ajuste de templates y de los anchos equivalentes (AEs). En este último caso, usamos calibraciones empíricas en función de la edad, junto con diagrama de diagnóstico que involucran la suma de AEs de características espectrales seleccionadas (K CaII, G band (CH), MgI, Hβ, Hγ and Hδ. El rango de edades derivadas oscila entre ~5 millones y 800 millones de años. Obtuvimos un buen acuerdo entre los resultados de los dos métodos. Los espectros obtenidos mejoran y complementan las bases de datos espectrales actualmente existente para la NMM.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v1i1.606Ciencias Espaciales 1(1) 2009
Catalogo de firmas espectrales de especies florales, en la Ciudad Universitaria, Tegucigalpa, Fase 1
Authors: Corrales Andino Rafael Enrique
Published: May 2013

En virtud de los diferentes proyectos de investigación bajo las metodologías de las Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica (TIG), como la Percepción Remota, en la que realizamos estudios de objetos o cubiertas del suelo sin estar en contacto directo con ellas, para comprobar su precisión o patrón característico, es necesario contar con una librería o inventario de las firmas espectrales para cada especie vegetal, para igualarlo con lo encontrado en las imágenes de obtención remota por satélites.En base a lo anterior se piensa crear un Catálogo de firmas espectrales de los diferentes materiales o cubiertas de suelo, en el espacio comprendido por los límites de la ciudad universitaria de Tegucigalpa, (UNAH), como apoyo para la identificación y clasificación de coberturas y uso del suelo, así como establecer una metodología de captura de firmas espectrales en ambiente natural.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v1i1.610 Ciencias Espaciales 1(1) 2009
Maestría en Ordenamiento y Gestión del Territorio: Líneas de Investigación
Authors: Ochoa López Vilma Lorena
Published: May 2013

La Maestría en Ordenamiento y Gestión del Territorio es un Programa Académico de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, que desarrolla el Observatorio Astronómico Centroamericano de Suyapa, ahora Facultad de Ciencias Espaciales en colaboración con el Departamento de Geografía de la Universidad de Alcalá, España. Este programa se crea en el año 2005 y actualmente está desarrollando su Segunda Promoción. El Plan de Estudios de la Maestría comprende seis campos: Geografía, Geodesia, Cartografía, Sistemas de Información Geográfica, Percepción Remota, y Ordenamiento Territorial, teniendo como requisito de graduación la presentación y defensa de un Proyecto de Investigación como Tesis. Las líneas de investigación que se están desarrollando son Regionalización, Análisis espacial, Cartografía de recursos naturales, riesgos, incendios, recursos turísticos y atlas, Dinámica de cobertura y usos del suelo, Ecología y Unidades de paisaje, Redes geodésicas, Localización de equipamientos, Uso de teledetección en la creación de datos, Desarrollo de aplicaciones de programación, y Aplicaciones de ordenamiento territorial.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v1i1.611 Ciencias Espaciales 1(1) 2009
What Are Food Allergies?
Authors: Voelker Rebecca
Published: July 2024

This JAMA Patient Page describes the causes, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of food allergies.
In Situ Hybrid Si/F Polymeric Network Electrolyte with Dual Interfacial Stability for High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ma Xianghe , Shao Fei , Li Weiping , Zhang Yuxin , Yan Jingying , Qian Ju , Lin Jun , Lin Xinrong
Published: July 2024

High‐voltage lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs) are promising for energy storage applications but suffer from poor electrochemical window of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), which are difficult to achieve via a single polymeric functionality. Herein, a hybrid Si/F‐based polymeric 3D network is reported bearing polysiloxane backbone with fluorinated pendants to tune the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)/the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO energies, thermodynamically expanding intrinsic electrochemical window of solid polymer electrolyte (SPE). Meanwhile, the hybrid Si/F functionalities with high fluorine abundance is identified to furnish dual interfacial kinetic stability at both anode and cathode interfaces with stabilized solid electrolyte interface (SEI) and cathode electrolyte interface (CEI), respectively. As a result, stable cycling in solid‐state high‐voltage LMBs is achieved up to an ultrahigh operating voltage of 4.9 V. Furthermore, it shows that in situ blending the Si/F SPE with eutectic electrolytes (EE) to form a non‐flammable gel polymer electrolyte can mitigate parasitic reactions of EE against metallic Li anode and achieve highly reversible charge–discharge cycling from 4.2 to 4.8 V at 25 °C.
Tracking Carrier Dynamics in Halogen‐Mixed CsPb(Br/I)3 Quantum Dots in Glass
Authors: Chen Ronghua , Niu Weifan , Xiao Han , Zeng Lingwei , Wu Tianmin , Lin Jidong , Xie An , Chen Shuxin , Zhang Ruidan , Lei Lei , Chen Daqin
Published: July 2024

Halogen‐mixed CsPb(Br/I)3 perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) embedded glass can address the issue of stability, but suffers from low photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) for the hindered in situ nucleation/growth inside the robust glass network. Uncovering the exact mechanism is highly desirable to develop high‐performance CsPb(Br/I)3@glass for commercial applications, but the topic remains unexplored. Here, based on femtosecond transient (fs‐TA) absorption, temperature‐dependent PL spectra, and theoretical calculations, a comprehensive understanding on heat‐treatment (HT) temperature‐induced modification of microstructures and carrier dynamics in the CsPb(Br/I)3@glass is build. It is evidenced that high‐temperature HT will promote more I− ions diffusion from glass matrix into CsPb(Br/I)3 lattice, leading to the retarded hot carrier (HC) cooling, and improved exciton recombination. This is attributed to the synergistic effect of the reduced effect carrier mass, the weakened carrier‐phonon coupling, the inhibited Klemens channel, and the eliminated defect states. Revealing these underlying mechanisms will empower to exert precise control and optimize PLQY of CsPb(Br/I)3@glass up to near unity.
Forced Intergrowth of NaYS2 Phase in Sulfur‐Rich Environments with Fluorescence Remodeling of Upscaled Full‐Spectrum
Authors: Zhao Wenhua , Shen Lifan , Liu Wenhui , Wang Yichao , Chen Baojiu , Pun Edwin Yue Bun , Lin Hai
Published: July 2024

Optimization of the host lattice is a novel strategy to achieve efficient up‐conversion luminescence (UCL) with multi‐peak full‐spectrum emission. Herein, lattice optimization is performed in a non‐vacuum sulfur‐rich environment, where the ultra‐low phonon energy NaYS2 heterogeneous phase is forced to intergrow, which overcomes the limitations of the conventional vacuum preparation method and achieves high‐efficient UCL. Remarkably, the lattice sites are preferentially occupied by S2−, which causes lattice distortion and generates layered NaYS2/Y2O2S hybrid crystalline with high inversion asymmetry to reconfigure excitation mechanism and exhibit distinct luminescence centers at the multi‐peak full‐spectrum. Moreover, owing to longer lifetime of excited state energy levels of Er3+ after lattice modification and ordered segregation of Er3+ in the YS6 layer restricting the negative energy exchange process, the luminescence intensity is increased by about six times, and the remodeling of full‐spectrum‐efficient UCLs is realized. This work reports an innovative approach for lattice optimization and a facile preparation of ternary sulfides, which provides a new direction for achieving highly efficient UCLs with promising applications in biomedical imaging, near‐infrared detection, and temperature sensing synergy.
Diabetes Management in Transition: Market Insights and Technological Advancements in CGM and Insulin Delivery
Authors: Yu Tae Sang , Song Soojeong , Yea Junwoo , Jang Kyung‐In
Published: July 2024

Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) systems are revolutionizing the real‐time tracking of blood glucose levels, a cornerstone in effective diabetes management and optimal glycemic control. Transitioning from the “intermittent readings” offered by traditional Blood Glucose Monitoring (BGM) methods, CGM delivers an “uninterrupted flow” of glucose data, enabling a “more detailed” strategy for meeting treatment goals. Initially, the “uptake of CGM faced hurdles due to doubts about its precision, but continuous advancements in technology have not only resolved these concerns but also confirms CGM as a dependable and impactful instrument in diabetes management”. Concurrently, advancements in insulin pump technology have improved their portability and ease of use, greatly increasing patient adoption. The market reflects a growing demand for such innovative healthcare solutions, driven by an increased awareness of diabetes management and bolstered by supportive healthcare policies. Future prospects for CGM and insulin pump technologies are incredibly promising, offering the potential for highly personalized care and sophisticated treatment strategies. This paper aims to explore how the synergy between ongoing technological developments and evolving market dynamics is set to redefine the diabetes care paradigm, positioning CGM and insulin pumps as essential elements in enhancing the quality of life for individuals with diabetes.
Design and optimization of spherical agglomeration process based on machine learning strategy
Authors: Zhao Chenyang , Liu Yanbo , Guo Shilin , Feng Shanshan , Ma Yiming , Wu Songgu , Gong Junbo
Published: July 2024

Spherical particles stand out as high‐value products with superior macroscopic properties and enhanced downstream processing efficiency. In this study, an integrated digital design strategy, combining artificial neural networks (ANN) and genetic algorithms (GA) has been employed to optimize the spherical agglomeration (SA) process. Initially, a dataset of benzoic acid SA processes was created, which was subsequently employed for training and testing the ANN model. An environmental impact sustainability index (STI) was constructed to assess the environmental effects associated with each operational variable in the SA process. To attain multi‐objective optimization, a GA was employed in combination with the ANN model. In addition, a Score function was formulated to generate Pareto fronts, tailored to meet the specific needs of real scenarios, considering variations in the assigned weights. Furthermore, the model was adapted for aspirin SA process, enhancing predictive abilities with only 20% of original data on operating conditions.
Silica Sulphuric Acid Catalyzed Intra‐Molecular Alkyne Carbonyl Metathesis (ACM): A Rapid Access to 2H‐Chromenes
Authors: Kumar Maurya Rohit , Kumar Vikash , Dey Ashutosh , Kumar Shubham , Khatravath Mahender
Published: July 2024

A highly efficient, convenient and ecofriendly approach to access highly functionalized 2H‐chromenes via intramolecular aldehyde alkyne metathesis reaction was established starting from readily accessible alkyne‐tethered 2‐((3‐phenylprop‐2‐yn‐1‐yl) oxy)benzaldehydes and catalyzed by silica sulfuric acid (SiO2‐OSO3H, SSA) coupled with microwave irradiation. This reaction was well tolerated for various substituents including different functional groups and furnished the desired highly functionalized 2H‐chromene derivatives in good to excellent yields in a very short time. A systematic study of the conventional heating approach and microwave irradiation was performed to demonstrate the advantages of the microwave‐assisted condition in terms of high yield and shorter reaction time.
Spontaneous Molecular Bromine Production in Sea‐Salt Aerosols
Authors: Cao Yiqun , Wang Zhuo , Liu Jiarong , Ma Qingxin , Li Shuying , Liu Jun , Li Hao , Zhang Peng , Chen Tianzeng , Wang Yonghong , Chu Biwu , Zhang Xiuhui , Saiz‐Lopez Alfonso , Francisco Joseph S. , He Hong
Published: July 2024

Bromine chemistry is responsible for the catalytic ozone destruction in the atmosphere. The heterogeneous reactions of sea‐salt aerosols are the main abiotic sources of reactive bromine in the atmosphere. Here, we present a novel mechanism for the activation of bromide ions (Br−) by O2 and H2O in the absence of additional oxidants. The laboratory and theoretical calculation results demonstrated that under dark conditions, Br−, O2 and H3O+ could spontaneously generate Br and HO2 radicals through a proton–electron transfer process at the air–water interface and in the liquid phase. Our results also showed that light and acidity could significantly promote the activation of Br− and the production of Br2. The estimated gaseous Br2 production rate was up to 1.55×1010 molecules cm−2 ⋅ s−1 under light and acidic conditions; these results showed a significant contribution to the atmospheric reactive bromine budget. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during Br− activation could promote the multiphase oxidation of SO2 to produce sulfuric acid, while the increase in acidity had a positive feedback effect on Br− activation. Our findings highlight the crucial role of the proton‐electron transfer process in Br2 production; here, H3O+ facilitates the activation of Br− by O2, serves as a significant source of atmospheric reactive bromine and exerts a profound impact on the atmospheric oxidation capacity.
Maneuverability and Processability of Molecular Crystals
Authors: Lan Linfeng , Zhang Hongyu
Published: July 2024

Crystal adaptronics, a burgeoning field at the intersection of materials science and engineering, focuses on harnessing the unique properties of organic molecular crystals to achieve unprecedented levels of maneuverability and processability in various applications. Increasingly, ordered stacks of crystalline materials are being endowed with fascinating mechanical compliance changes in response to external environments. Understanding how these crystals can be manipulated and tailored for specific functions has become paramount in the pursuit of advanced materials with customizable properties. Simultaneously, the processability of organic molecular crystals plays a pivotal role in shaping their utility in real‐world applications. From growth methodologies to fabrication techniques, the ability to precisely machine these crystals opens new avenues for engineering materials with enhanced functionality. These processing methods enhance the versatility of organic crystals, allowing their integration into various devices and technologies, and further expanding the potential applications. This review aims to provide a concise overview of the current landscape in the study of dynamic organic molecular crystals, with an emphasis on the interconnected themes of operability and processability.
Four‐Membered Ring‐Embedded Cycloarene Enabling Anti‐Aromaticity and Ultra‐Narrowband Emission
Authors: Zhang Rong , Xiong Zuping , An Dongyue , Zhu Jiangyu , Gu Yuanhe , Zhang Haoke , Zhou Gang , Liu Yunqi , Lu Xuefeng
Published: July 2024

The synthesis of fully fused π‐conjugated cycloarenes embedded with nonbenzenoid aromatics is challenging. In this work, the first example of four‐membered ring‐embedded cycloarene (MF2) was designed and synthesized in single‐crystal form by macrocyclization and ring fusion strategies. For comparison, single bond‐linked chiral macrocycle MS2 without two fused four‐membered rings and its linear‐shaped polycyclic benzenoid monomer L1 were also synthesized. The pronounced anti‐aromaticity of four‐membered rings significantly adjusts the electronic structures and photophysical properties of cycloarene, resulting in an enhancement of the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) from 10.66 % and 10.74 % for L1 and MS2, respectively, to 54.05 % for MF2, which is the highest PLQY among the reported cycloarenes. Notably, owing to the embedded anti‐aromatic four‐membered rings that reduce structural displacements, MF2 exhibits an ultra‐narrowband emission with a single‐digit full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of only 7 nm (0.038 eV), which sets a new record among all reported organic narrowband luminescent molecules, and represents the first example of ultra‐narrowband emission in conventional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) devoid of heteroatoms.
Metal–Organic Framework‐Induced Rh Monocoodination on Diphosphine Ligand Enables Catalytic Hydroformylation of Aliphatic Olefins at Room Temperature and Pressure
Authors: Zheng Zehao , Sun Meng , Zhao Xiangxiang , Zhang Wenqiang , Jiang Hong , Liu Yan , Cui Yong
Published: July 2024

Persistent challenges in hydroformylation of olefins include controlling regioselectivity, particularly for short aliphatic olefins and conducting reactions under ambient conditions. We report here the synthesis of monophosphine–Rh complexes on a typical chelated diphosphine ligand mediated by a Zr‐MOF through isolating a pair of phosphorus atoms. We demonstrate that single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction can elucidate the structural transformation of the Rh catalyst during olefin hydroformylation, providing valuable information on active site reconstruction during catalysis. The Rh‐MOF catalyst demonstrates excellent catalytic and recyclable performance in the hydroformylation of short aliphatic olefins with linear to branched ratios of up to 99 : 1. Due to the framework‘s capacity to adsorb and concentrate gases, the catalytic reactions occur under room temperature and pressure, eliminating the need for the high temperature and pressures typically required in homogeneous systems. This study show that Zr–MOF can be a unique platform for synthesizing unusual catalytic species that cannot exist in solutions for meaningful chemical transformations and elucidate valuable structural information pertaining to metal‐based catalysis.
Right trace wrong place: a normal capnography trace despite the tip of the tracheal tube existing outside the airway
Authors: Karmakar A. , Khan M. J. , Shallik N. A. H. , Moustafa A. H. M. N. , Toble Y. M. R. A. , Strandvik G. F.
Published: July 2024

Head and neck trauma can result in difficult airway management. A 25‐year‐old male required emergency tracheal intubation on arrival to the emergency department following a motorbike accident. Despite the presence of a normal capnography a computed tomography scan demonstrated a tracheal opening, an extra‐tracheal position of the distal end of the tracheal tube, and extensive subcutaneous emphysema. The tube was re‐directed into the trachea and the tracheal injury was surgically repaired. This case highlights that the presence of a normal capnograph does not necessarily mean that the distal end of the tracheal tube resides within the airway.
The detailed moisture transport structure in extreme precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau caused by storm over the Bay of Bengal
Authors: An Pengchao , Li Ying , Fan Xiaoting , Ye Wei
Published: July 2024

The storms over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) often combine with the weather systems such as the South Branch Trough (SBT) and the West Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) to transport plenty of moisture inducing extreme precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Determining the fine moisture structures of storms helps understand mechanism of this kind of extreme precipitation. An extreme precipitation occurred on the TP influenced by storm Rashmi (2008). A Lagrangian approach is scrutinized the forward and backward moisture transport trajectories of Rashmi and the TP, respectively. The moisture source of this extreme precipitation is relatively clear, which comes from the collaborative influence of Rashmi with the southwest jet generated by the SBT and the WPSH. Utilizing a three‐dimensional K‐means clustering method devised in this study, the Rashmi's forward trajectories are classified into three categories, the particles ascending with the northward movement of Rashmi (45%), consistently below 1 km (37.5%), and rapidly ascending into the southwest jet stream (17.5%). Notably, 97.5%, 1.2%, and 91% of these categories impact the TP, respectively. The moisture transport structure of storm is verified by backward tracking of moisture over the TP. In addition, the three‐dimensional moisture trajectories classification method is recommended when trajectories suffer rapid altitude changes.
Interplay of teacher feedback, parental involvement and peer support on homework engagement of students
Authors: Bas Gokhan , Xu Jianzhong
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the present research was to examine the interplay between teacher feedback, parental involvement and peer support and on homework engagement of students. The research adopted correlation research model, and the participants of the research were students (n = 450) in the central region of Turkey. In the research, ‘Teacher Feedback in Homework Scale’, ‘Parental Involvement in Homework Scale’, ‘Peer Support in Homework Scale’ and ‘Homework Engagement Scale’ were used as data collection instruments. For the analyses, Pearson product–moment correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed. The results showed that all research variables have a positive significant correlation with each other. Also, the analysis indicated that teacher feedback, parental involvement and peer support predicted homework engagement of students significantly.
Sample Size Calculation for an Individual Stepped‐Wedge Randomized Trial
Authors: Allemang‐Trivalle Aude , Maruani Annabel , Giraudeau Bruno
Published: July 2024

In the individual stepped‐wedge randomized trial (ISW‐RT), subjects are allocated to sequences, each sequence being defined by a control period followed by an experimental period. The total follow‐up time is the same for all sequences, but the duration of the control and experimental periods varies among sequences. To our knowledge, there is no validated sample size calculation formula for ISW‐RTs unlike stepped‐wedge cluster randomized trials (SW‐CRTs). The objective of this study was to adapt the formula used for SW‐CRTs to the case of individual randomization and to validate this adaptation using a Monte Carlo simulation study. The proposed sample size calculation formula for an ISW‐RT design yielded satisfactory empirical power for most scenarios except scenarios with operating characteristic values near the boundary (i.e., smallest possible number of periods, very high or very low autocorrelation coefficient). Overall, the results provide useful insights into the sample size calculation for ISW‐RTs.
A Shared‐Frailty Spatial Scan Statistic Model for Time‐to‐Event Data
Authors: Frévent Camille , Ahmed Mohamed‐Salem , Dabo‐Niang Sophie , Genin Michaël
Published: July 2024

Spatial scan statistics are well‐known methods widely used to detect spatial clusters of events. Furthermore, several spatial scan statistics models have been applied to the spatial analysis of time‐to‐event data. However, these models do not take account of potential correlations between the observations of individuals within the same spatial unit or potential spatial dependence between spatial units. To overcome this problem, we have developed a scan statistic based on a Cox model with shared frailty and that takes account of the spatial dependence between spatial units. In simulation studies, we found that (i) conventional models of spatial scan statistics for time‐to‐event data fail to maintain the type I error in the presence of a correlation between the observations of individuals within the same spatial unit and (ii) our model performed well in the presence of such correlation and spatial dependence. We have applied our method to epidemiological data and the detection of spatial clusters of mortality in patients with end‐stage renal disease in northern France.
Unveiling the potential: Extracellular vesicles from plant cell suspension cultures as a promising source
Authors: Kırbaş Oğuz Kaan , Sağraç Derya , Çiftçi Özgün Cem , Özdemir Gökçeçiçek , Öztürkoğlu Dilek , Bozkurt Batuhan Turhan , Derman Ümit Cem , Taşkan Ezgi , Taşlı Pakize Neslihan , Özdemir Bahar Soğutmaz , Şahin Fikrettin
Published: July 2024

Extracellular vesicles are secreted by all eukaryotic cells and they have an important role in intercellular signaling. Plant extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are a novel area of research that has gained attention due to their potential implications in biomolecule transport and therapeutic applications. PEVs are lipid bilayer‐enclosed structures that contain a diverse cargo of biomolecules such as proteins and lipids. Moreover, it is known that PEVs have a noticeable therapeutic potential for various conditions such as inflammation and oxidative stress. However, there are critical problems such as removing the endosomes and plant‐derived biomolecules that decrease the standardization and therapeutic efficacy of PEVs. In our study, the aim was to characterize plant cell suspension‐derived extracellular vesicles (PCSEVs) obtained from two different plant cell suspension cultures: Stevia rebaudiana and Vaccaria hispanica. These vesicles were isolated using ultrafiltration and characterized with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The molecular composition of PCSEVs was profiled and the cellular uptake assay was performed. Our results demonstrated that PCSEVs have a spherical shape, less than 200 nm. In the fatty acid analysis, the primary components in PCSEVs were palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and cis‐vaccenic acid. The protein content of Stevia rebaudiana‐derived EVs (SDEVs) was largely associated with proteins involved in extracellular structures and functions. Conversely, Vaccaria hispanica‐derived EVs (HDEVs) displayed a higher presence of cytosolic proteins. These findings contribute to the understanding of PCSEVs and open up potential avenues in extracellular vesicle research, pointing to promising prospects for future innovations in various fields.
Eye movements and emotions: Efficacy of novel eye‐movement protocol Tholáge
Authors: Martin Gina C. , Chrones Deanna , Fritsch Corey
Published: July 2024

Background

Eye‐movement protocols are considered empirical, evidence‐based treatments for mental disorders, and there is ample research around their efficacy. However, little research as to why these approaches are effective exists. In this study, an emerging approach, titled Tholáge neuropsychotherapy (called RELEASE at the time of the study), is explained and tested through an exploratory mixed method experiment.

Aims

A new theory on the efficacy of eye‐movement treatments is also presented, exploring existing research and contending that specific emotions are associated with specific eye movements. If proven, it may be possible to use eye movements to access specific emotions, for therapeutic outcomes.

Methods

In this experiment, there were 14 participants (n = 14) who experienced Tholáge as a treatment for depression. Two one‐way ANOVAs were conducted and found to be statistically significant and have a large effect size. Qualitative responses were shared from participants, and themes were highlighted.

Results

The ANOVAs and qualitative responses demonstrated that Tholáge was effective with emotional regulation, and participants showed improvement on measures of affect and depression (the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and Beck Depression Inventory).

Discussion

These results show that there is potential for this new eye‐movement treatment in reducing symptoms of depression.

Conclusion

These findings can help practitioners in treatment of depression and potentially other diagnoses as well. There needs to be more research studies conducted on the efficacy of this treatment protocol.
Percutaneous coronary intervention for unprotected left main distal bifurcation lesions in elderly people
Authors: Watanabe Yusuke , Naganuma Toru , Chieffo Alaide , Montorfano Matteo , Colombo Antonio
Published: July 2024

Background

In the elderly people with unprotected left main distal bifurcation lesions (ULMD), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is often selected as first choice treatment strategy because of perioperative high risk of coronary artery bypass graft surgery due to their large number of comorbidities. Also, some recent papers reported that geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is also strongly associated with clinical outcomes after interventional procedures in elderly patients.

Objectives

We assessed clinical outcomes after PCI for ULMD and the impact of GNRI in elderly patients.

Methods

We identified 669 non dialysis patients treated with current generation drug‐eluting stent for ULMD from MITO registry. We divided the patients to the following 2 groups; elderly group (n = 240, age ≥75) and young group (n = 429, age <75). Additionally, we could calculate GNRI and divided elderly group into 2 group based on the median value of the GNRI. The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality.

Results

All‐cause mortality was significantly higher in elderly group [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40–4.02; p = 0.001]. All‐cause mortality was significantly higher in low GNRI elderly group compared to other 2 groups (Adjusted HR of elderly with low GNRI: 3.56, 95%CI (1.77–7.14), p < 0.001). Cardiovascular mortality was comparable between two groups. TLR rate was significantly lower in elderly group (adjusted HR 0.57; 95% CI, 0.34–0.97; p = 0.035).

Conclusions

The elderly had higher all‐cause mortality after PCI for ULMD compared to young people. Especially, the elderly with low GNRI were extremely associated with poorer outcomes.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Ozonation Using Modified TiO2 With Designed Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Sites
Authors: Liu Shaozhi , Zhai Guangyao , Zhang Honggang , Si Shenghe , Liu Yuanyuan , Mao Yuyin , Wang Zeyan , Cheng Hefeng , Wang Peng , Zheng Zhaoke , Dai Ying , Huang Baibiao
Published: July 2024

Photocatalytic ozonation is considered to be a promising approach for the treatment of refractory organic pollutants, but the design of efficient catalyst remains a challenge. Surface modification provides a potential strategy to improve the activity of photocatalytic ozonation. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were first performed to check the interaction between O3 and TiO2−OH (surface hydroxylated TiO2) or TiO2−F (surface fluorinated TiO2), and the results suggest that TiO2−OH displays better O3 adsorption and activation than does TiO2−F, which is confirmed by experimental results. The surface hydroxyl groups greatly promote the O3 activation, which is beneficial for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, TiO2−OH displays better performance towards pollutants (such as berberine hydrochloride) removal than does TiO2−F and most reported ozonation photocatalysts. The total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency reaches 84.4 % within two hours. This work highlights the effect of surface hydroxylation on photocatalytic ozonation and provides ideas for the design of efficient photocatalytic ozonation catalysts.
Relationship Between Prone Skills and Motor‐Based Problem‐Solving Abilities in Full‐Term and Preterm Infants During the First 6 Months of Life
Authors: Inamdar Ketaki , Tripathi Tanya , Molinini Rebecca M. , Fang Wei , Salgaonkar Arya , Dusing Stacey C.
Published: July 2024

Motor experiences shape cognitive development in infancy, with the prone position being one such crucial motor experience in the first 6 months of life. Although the motor benefits of the prone position are well‐documented, its influence on early cognitive abilities remains insufficiently explored. This study quantified the relationship between prone motor skills and motor‐based problem‐solving abilities in 48 full‐term and preterm infants aged 3–6 months. Prone skills were assessed using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale's prone domain. The Assessment of Problem‐Solving in Play was utilized to measure motor‐based problem‐solving by observing how motor actions were used to solve toys. Advanced prone motor skills were correlated with an increase in sophisticated exploration skills and a concurrent decline in lower order exploration skills in all infants, with correlations being stronger in preterm infants. Notably, a 1‐point increase in prone skills was associated with a 1.3‐point increase in total motor‐based problem‐solving abilities in all infants. Our findings provide preliminary evidence for the contribution of prone play to cognitive development in infants, prompting considerations for assessment and intervention strategies. Further research is needed to ascertain if the delayed acquisition of prone motor skills is indicative of poor early problem‐solving abilities in preterm infants.
Synergistic photoelectrocatalytic degradation of tetracycline using a novel Z‐scheme Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/SiNWs heterostructure: Towards sustainable antibiotic remediation
Authors: Dong Yang , Wang Bo , Xie Dongzhou , Lv Jun , Cui Jiewu , Bao Zhiyong , Xu Guangqing , Shen Wangqiang
Published: July 2024

Photoelectrocatalytic technology (PEC) is an emerging green and sustainable technology for treating antibiotic wastewater. However, its effectiveness is limited by the recombination of photogenerated carriers. To address this issue, the Fenton reaction, an advanced oxidation process, can be coupled with PEC technology to enhance the oxidative degradation of antibiotic wastewater. This research involved creating a Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/silicon nanowires (SiNWs) Z‐type heterojunction through the spin coating technique, which was then utilized in the PEC coupled Fenton reaction to break down antibiotic wastewater. The inherent electric field and the voltage applied hastened the segregation of e− and h+ within the system. These advantages make the Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/SiNWs heterojunction highly efficient in removing various antibiotics, including tetracycline (TC), ciprofloxacin (CIP), amoxicillin (AMX), and levofloxacin (LVX). In particular, the Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/SiNWs heterojunction demonstrated an 82.21% degradation efficiency for TC, exhibiting a kinetic constant (k) of 0.02688 min−1, a rate 2.82 times (4.80 times) greater than that of SiNWs. Experimental findings reveal that Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/SiNWs exhibit superior light absorption properties and a reduced rate of photogenerated charge recombination. The doping of Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 effectively improves the catalytic performance of SiNWs. This research offers fresh insights into researching PEC‐coupled Fenton reaction methods for the degradation of antibiotics and paves the way for advancing the creation of more potent photoelectrochemical catalysts in the future.
Stable Cyclometallated Palladium Complexes of Arylamides: Synthesis, Redox and Anticancer Activities
Authors: Dolengovski Egor L. , Fayzullin Robert R. , Kholin Kirill V. , Voloshina Alexandra D. , Lyubina Anna P. , Sapunova Anastasiya S. , Shamsutdinova Leysan R. , Rizvanov Il'dar Kh. , Sinyashin Oleg G. , Budnikova Yulia H.
Published: July 2024

Air‐stable cyclometalated palladium(II) complexes with benzamide ligands were synthesized in high yields and characterized by X‐ray diffraction analysis, CVA, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, MALDI‐MS, and ESI‐MS. The electrochemical oxidation of the complexes is reversible in the presence of a quinoline substituent in the ligand and gives Pd (III) species that do not undergo reductive elimination and are detectable by ESR spectroscopy. The complexes showed high cytotoxicity against cervical cancer (M‐HeLa) and duodenal adenocarcinoma (HuTu 80), a human mammary ductal adenocarcinoma line (MCF‐7) and a human lung carcinoma cell line (A549). The possibility of generating reactive oxygen species in solution (such as OH−radicals), which can be responsible for the antitumor activity of the studied complexes, using the ESR method was shown.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Denitrogenative Coupling of Aryldiazonium Salts with Terminal Alkynes for the Assembly of Internal Alkynes
Authors: Guo Ziyang , Xiong Xun
Published: July 2024

An N‐heterocyclic carbene palladium (NHC‐palladium)‐catalyzed denitrogenative coupling of aryldiazonium salts with terminal alkynes in ionic liquids has been accomplished. This catalytic strategy provides an effective and green synthetic protocol for the assembly of structurally diverse internal alkynes with excellent functional group compatibility and mild conditions. In the presence of 1 mol % of IMes‐Pd‐Im‐Cl2 as the catalyst, a wide range of terminal alkynes and aryldiazonium salts could be excellently tolerated. Basic ionic liquid plays a crucial role in this catalytic system, which not only acts as the green solvent, but also provides basic environment for the carbon‐carbon bond formation process. Notably, this catalytic system could be recycled up to six times and reused without significant loss of catalytic activity.
Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study of underpotential deposition of mercury on iridium metal and iridium oxide
Authors: Nagai Tsukasa , Siroma Zyun , Akita Tomoki , Ioroi Tsutomu
Published: July 2024

To evaluate the properties of an Ir‐based catalyst (IrOx), which is the anode in polymer electrolyte membrane‐type water electrolysis, a new method for estimating the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) is required. ECSA evaluation using the underpotential deposition of mercury (Hg‐UPD) can be applied to metals and oxides. However, research regarding Hg‐UPD is needed because several Hg(II)/Hg(I) redox reactions occur simultaneously, and direct evidence of Hg‐UPD on IrOx has not been reported. We previously confirmed the Hg‐UPD phenomenon on Ir polycrystalline films using the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) method. However, measurements on IrOx electrodes were not performed. In this study, Ir and IrOx electrodes are prepared by the sputtering method, and their Hg deposition behavior observed by EQCM. We quantitatively confirm Hg‐UPD on Ir metal surfaces and provide new evidence of Hg‐UPD on the IrOx surface. These results contribute to establishing the ECSA evaluation of various Ir‐based catalysts.
Optimizing Distribution Systems with Renewable Energy Integration: Hybrid Mud Ring Algorithm‐Quantum Neural Network Approach
Authors: S Ajitha priyadarsini , D Rajeev
Published: July 2024

A hybrid approach is proposed for optimizing distribution systems (DSs) by integrating clean energy sources, specifically photovoltaic (PV) and wind power (WT). The proposed technique combines the mud ring algorithm (MRA) and quantum neural network (QNN), referred to as the MRA‐QNN technique. The primary objective is to minimize power loss and enhance voltage stability. The MRA method generates the control signal of the converter, while the QNN method predicts the control signal based on the MRA output. The effectiveness of the approach is revealed through simulations on standard IEEE 33 bus and 69 bus systems. Implementation in MATLAB shows superior performance compared to existing methods, with lower power loss values. There has been a sustained rise in the system voltage profile (In the WT and PV situations, 0.950. and 93 p.u), as well as a considerable reduction in the active power (AP) losses (to 132.39 kW with PV and 81.23 kW with WT from 362.86 kW). With PV, the entire yearly economic loss is lowered from $158932.68 to just $57996.939, and with WT, it is decreased to $56805.479. With three PVs, the yearly economic loss and active power losses are decreased to 30419.871 $ and 69.449, and 4.27 kW and 1875.930 $, respectively.
Exploring Multi‐Level ETL and HTL Configurations for High‐Efficiency Lead‐Free Cs2AgBiBr6 Double Perovskite Solar Cells: A Design and Simulation Study
Authors: Mishra Vipul Vaibhav , Sharma Anuj Kumar , Siddharth Gaurav , Garg Vivek , Sengar Brajendra Singh
Published: July 2024

Cs2AgBiBr6 is a promising lead‐free double perovskite solar cells (PSCs) material. Its full potential has yet to be realized due to issues with its large band gap and the optimization of the alignment of the electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL). The photovoltaic performance of Cs2AgBiBr6‐based devices has been optimized using ZnO, IGZO, TiO2, WS2, PCBM, and C60 ETLs and Cu2O, CuScN, CuSbS2, NiO, P3HT, PEDOT: PSS, Spiro MeOTAD, CuI, CuO, V2O5, CBTS, and CFTS HTLs. It has been observed by simulation study that Cs2AgBiBr6‐based devices exhibit remarkably high photoconversion efficiency when combined with certain ETLs. To better understand the performance, we examine how the best device structures are affected by the absorber and ETL thickness, ETL carrier density, series and shunt resistance, generation, and recombination rate. The findings suggest that TiO2 and ZnO ETLs, in conjunction with CBTS HTL, exhibit good potential for producing high‐efficiency (η > 13%) Cs2AgBiBr6‐based heterojunction solar cells with an ITO/ETL/Cs2AgBiBr6/CBTS/Au device structure. Optimization of the valence band offset (VBO) at the CBTS/Cs2AgBiBr6 interface reveals that reduced VBO value has a beneficial impact on the performance of the solar cell. This modeling work gives a prospective route for manufacturing lead‐free Cs2AgBiBr6 PSCs.
Exceptionally crystalline nature of CrO3‐Cr2O3/Ppy nanocomposite as a prospective photoelectrode for efficient green hydrogen generation in the context of environmentally friendly water‐splitting reactions using sanitized water
Authors: Rabia Mohamed , Aldosari Eman , Geneidy Adbelrhaman Hamdeldein Ahmed
Published: July 2024

This research introduces a novel technique for transforming wastewater into renewable hydrogen gas using an innovative photoelectrode composed of CrO3‐Cr2O3/polypyrrole (Ppy), synthesized through a one‐pot method. The photoelectrode is applied to split wastewater under different light conditions: darkness, white light, and monochromatic light. In the absence of light, the CrO3‐Cr2O3/Ppy photoelectrode produces a photocurrent density (Jph) value of 0.54 mA cm−2, which significantly increases to 0.78 mA cm−2 under white light exposure. The Jph values range from 0.68 to 0.76 mA cm−2 at wavelengths between 730 and 340 nm, showcasing the photoelectrode's remarkable sensitivity. This sensitivity highlights the potential of the photoelectrode to efficiently capture light energy for applications in wastewater treatment and green hydrogen production. By utilizing wastewater as a renewable energy source and employing the CrO3‐Cr2O3/Ppy photoelectrode, this approach addresses environmental concerns and energy needs concurrently. The proposed prototype for a three‐electrode cell aims to directly produce hydrogen gas from wastewater, with the ultimate goal of generating hydrogen suitable for industrial applications. This innovative solution not only addresses wastewater treatment but also transforms it into a valuable source of green energy, emphasizing the potential for positive environmental and energy‐related advancements.
The impact of surprise billing laws on emergency services
Authors: Garmon Christopher , Li Yiting , Retchin Sheldon M. , Xu Wendy Yi
Published: July 2024

Numerous states implemented laws to protect emergency patients from surprise out‐of‐network medical bills. We investigated the effects of the state laws on emergency clinician reimbursements, charges, network participation, and potential surprise billing episodes. We did not find consistent evidence of effects on prices or charges. However, the state laws resulted in increased network participation and a reduction in potential surprise billing episodes. Our results suggest that the federal No Surprises Act, which is similar to many of the state laws, is unlikely to lead to price increases, but may benefit patients through increased provider network participation and alignment.
The use of thyroid flap for preserving laryngeal function in laryngeal cancer
Authors: Wang Shuang , Yang Xinming , Tang Qinglai , Zhang Ying , Li Shisheng , Peng Xia , Zhu Weiyu , Yin Danhui
Published: July 2024

Background

Preserving laryngeal function after partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer is an important consideration. Therefore, we examined the use of thyroid flaps for this purpose.

Methods

We analyzed 21 patients who underwent thyroid flap reconstruction after partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2010 to January 2020. All patients were male and aged 51–64 years. Seventeen patients underwent modified tracheocricohyoidoepiglottopexy, and the remaining four patients underwent modified cricohyoidopexy. The thyroid flap was pedicled from the superior thyroid blood vessels. In the modified tracheocricohyoidoepiglottopexy, the flap was turned to cover the area between the tracheal ring and epiglottis to reconstruct the anterior wall of the cricoid cartilage, whereas in the modified cricohyoidopexy, it was turned over between the cricoid cartilage and tongue root to reduce anastomotic tension. A total of seven patients underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery.

Results

Thyroid flap reconstruction was successfully performed in all patients. The postoperative hospitalization time was 9–21 days, the postoperative nasal feeding time was 18–47 days, and the tracheotomy tube was removed 30–160 days after surgery. No laryngeal stenosis, flap necrosis, bleeding complication, or dysfunction of the thyroid and parathyroid glands was observed after surgery. Two patients experienced wound infections about 1 week after discharge and were admitted again for antibiotic treatment. After dressing and compressing the neck wound, the patients were discharged. Three patients experienced local tumor recurrence after surgery, two of whom did not receive radiotherapy and chemotherapy after modified tracheocricohyoidoepiglottopexy. No patients had distant metastasis after surgery.

Conclusions

Thyroid flaps have significant application value in the reconstruction of the laryngeal cavity after partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer. It has high safety and feasibility, convenient surgical procedure, and satisfactory postoperative outcomes.