bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPERIENCE OF SHORT-COURSE TREATMENT IN THOSE SUFFERING FROM MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Toktogonovа A. A. , Kyzаlаkovа Z. Dzh. , Petrenko T. I. , Kolpаkovа T. A.
Published: June 2018

The article presents the analysis of outcomes of short course treatment of tuberculosis patients with multiple drug resistance (MDR TB), which was twice shorter compared to standard treatment (9-12 months versus 20-14 months). The efficiency of short-course and standard treatment did not differ significantly in new MDR TB cases and those previously who had limited tuberculous lesions and received no therapy with second line drugs in the past (69.2% versus 68.2%), while the default rate was twice less (13.5% versus 27%, p = 0.03). Economic efficiency of treatment: costs of drugs for short-course treatment of MDR TB were 3 times lower compared to the standard one.
CHARACTER AND FREQUENCY OF PATHOLOGIC CHANGES IN IN HIV PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Kobeleva G. V. , Kopylova I. F. , Konev P. G. , Bryukhacheva E. O.
Published: June 2018

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CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH DISSEMINATED TUBERCULOSIS AND MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE, RESIDING IN THE NORTHERN TERRITORIES
Authors: Kuzmina N. V. , Nelidova N. V.
Published: June 2018

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TUBERCULOSIS IN THE PENITENTIARY SYSTEM IN THE COUNTRIES OF EUROPE AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Vasilyeva I. A. , Sterlikov S. A. , Belilovsky E. M. , Borisov S. E. , Ponomarev S. B.
Published: June 2018

The article presents the data on the prevalence of tuberculosis in the penitentiary units in the countries of the WHO European Region compared to theRussian Federation.

It lists factors providing an impact on the risk of the disease and notification rate of tuberculosis cases in prisons.

Monitoring of tuberculosis in the penitentiary units is described including the formation of notification rates and treatment outcomes. It presents information on the comparatively high quality of tuberculosis monitoring in the penitentiary units of theRussian Federation.

Potential causes of differences between the incidence of tuberculosis in different countries of the WHO European Region are analyzed.
Can Late‐Split Nitrogen Application Increase Ear Nitrogen Accumulation Rate During the Critical Period in Maize?
Authors: Mueller Sarah M. , Vyn Tony J.
Published: June 2018

Ear and plant growth rates during the critical period (CP) in maize (Zea mays L.) are known to affect grain yield, but little is known about how CP ear N accumulation and vegetative N dynamics respond to N fertilizer timing. In a 2‐yr study, the influences of in‐season split N applications on ear N accumulation rate (ENAR), ear growth rate (EGR), and stem and leaf dry matter and N accumulation were determined from 14 d before to 14 d after silking (R1). Up to eight N rate and timing treatments (0, 110, 155, 200, and 245 kg N ha−1, either applied in a single application or with the last 45 kg ha−1 delayed until V12) were imposed on four hybrids: two modern (P1498HR and P1360HR) and two released 20 yr ago (3335 and 3394). Both EGR and ENAR during the CP were very stable among N treatments and were only uniquely influenced by the zero N after R1. Both leaf N and ear N contents during the CP were highly conserved and were not affected by the timing of N application. Late‐split N application resulted in less stem N remobilization in the 14 d after R1 than a single N application at moderate and high N rates. Despite sporadic hybrid group differences in EGR as the CP period progressed, the lower yielding older hybrids realized consistently lower presilking ENAR and higher postsilking ENAR. These data suggest that late‐split N applications near the CP onset benefits stem N content, which may enhance N source capacity for developing ears but does not increase either ear or leaf N content during the CP.
Examining the Potentials and Limitations of Using Temperature Tracing to Infer Water Flux through Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Clutter Melissa , Ferré Ty P.A.
Published: June 2018

Core Ideas

Temperature‐based methods have been primarily restricted to saturated flow conditions.

There is a minimum water flux that can be monitored with temperature methods.

Temperature methods will be restricted to relatively high fluxes in coarse soils.

Irrigation agriculture is the primary consumer of water worldwide. Because groundwater resources are being depleted, there is an increasing need to measure subsurface flux to quantify consumptive use and return flow. This study used HYDRUS‐1D to simulate one‐dimensional vertical movement of water and heat. Temperature time series were analyzed for different materials, depths, and applied fluxes to understand the limitations of temperature methods for monitoring steady‐state water flux under unsaturated conditions. The conditions used in this analysis were intended to explore the minimum standards needed for unsaturated, steady‐state flux estimation. If these conditions cannot be met, then it is unnecessary to look at more challenging conditions (e.g., heterogeneity, transient flux, and unknown hydraulic and thermal properties). Previous work has suggested that there is a minimum flux that is measurable with temperature methods. The low saturated hydraulic conductivities of fine‐grained materials limit the applicability of temperature methods to high fluxes that lead to near‐saturated conditions for these materials. Although coarser soils have higher hydraulic conductivities, thermal diffusivity increases significantly with decreasing water content and may still complicate flux measurements for unsaturated conditions. As a result, we conclude that temperature‐based methods in unsaturated conditions will most likely fail even with the most simplifying assumptions for most soil types. Therefore temperature methods should be restricted to monitoring steady‐state fluxes in coarse soils and/or conditions near saturation.
Effective adsorption of nickel (II) with Ulva lactuca dried biomass: isotherms, kinetics and mechanisms
Authors: Long Jianyou , Huang Xiaona , Fan Xiaoli , Peng Yan , Xia Jianrong
Published: June 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the Ni2+ ions adsorption capability of Ulva lactuca. The isotherms, kinetics and mechanisms for the adsorption of Ni2+ from aqueous solution by Ulva lactuca were also investigated. Influencing factors including initial pH, initial Ni2+ concentration, biomass, contact time were examined. The results indicate that the maximum Ni2+ adsorption capacity of 38.28 mg/g was obtained at pH 5, initial Ni2+ concentration 250 mg/L, biomass dosage 0.5 g/L and contact time 30 min. The adsorption can be well fitted with Langmuir isotherm, and the kinetics were well described by the pseudo-second-order model. The parameters of thermodynamics verified that Ni2+ adsorption on Ulva lactuca was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Analyses of FT-IR, SEM-EDS and XPS indicate that carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the surface of biomass are involved in Ni2+ adsorption. The dried biomass of Ulva lactuca can be a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+ from wastewater.
Mercados de trabajo en regiones fronterizas y no fronterizas de México, 2000-2010
Authors: Solís Marlene , Trinidad Requena Antonio , Soriano Miras Rosa M.
Published: June 2018

El objetivo del artículo es describir la interrelación entre los mercados de trabajo, la estructura productiva y los modelos de desarrollo regional. Partiendo de las teorías de la sociología del trabajo y el desarrollo, planteamos una metodología macro-estructural, de corte descriptivo, basado en la comparación del comportamiento de mercados de trabajo locales, durante el periodo 2000-2010. Los casos de estudio fueron los estados de Baja California y Puebla, representativos de dos modelos de desarrollo regional: fronterizo y no fronterizo. Como principal resultado se identificó que en ambos contextos se presenta un proceso de precarización del mercado de trabajo, pero que responde a dinámicas particulares y afecta a poblaciones diferentes. Si bien, en este trabajo se logra conocer con mayor profundidad los efectos de la crisis económica y la relocalización industrial en el territorio, el estudio se podría ampliar para mostrar las limitaciones de otros modelos de desarrollo.
El fenómeno abridged: el anime parodiado por sus fans
Authors: Oliva-Abarca Jesús Eduardo
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo tiene como propósito el estudio de las series abridged, un tipo de parodias, realizadas por aficionados occidentales, que emplean de forma resumida el metraje original de animes populares. Este fenómeno mediático, que se ha popularizado en Youtube, evidencia, primeramente, las posibilidades de adaptación y transformación que los nuevos medios y tecnologías brindan a los entusiastas del anime, y segundo, la tendencia de los aficionados a utilizar la parodia como una estrategia para aprehender el universo mediático y, de la misma forma, como un comentario crítico de la realidad. En el contexto de la cultura digital, y a través de la revisión de la parodia, de la intertextualidad y de la intermedialidad, se analizan las series abriged basadas en los animes de Dragon Ball Z, Yu Gi Oh! y JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure. De este sucinto examen, se pueden extraer las siguientes conclusiones: primeramente, esta clase de parodias guardan una relación estrecha con otras expresiones realizadas también por fans, tales como las fanfictions, o fanfics, el fansub, el fandub, el fanart, los fanfilms y los fangames; segundo, las series abridged, y todas las demás recreaciones de admiradores del anime, son artefactos intertextuales e intermediales, en tanto remiten a mundos textuales previamente constituidos y a medios convergentes; por último, dado que los universos ficcionales y mediáticos pueden concebirse como artefactos de comprensión y comunicación de y con la realidad, las reelaboraciones paródicas realizadas por los fans, y denominadas como series abridged, constituyen no sólo la reinterpretación de dichos mundos, sino también una forma en que los aficionados se apropian de la realidad, o realidades, que el anime y demás productos culturales referencian.
New Approaches for Weight Loss: Experiments Using Animal Models
Authors: Olsen Magnus K. , Johannessen Helene , Ramracheya Reshma , Zhao Chun-Mei , Chen Duan
Published: June 2018

The number of people who are overweight and obese are continuously increasing both in the adult and
adolescent populations. Coinciding with this is the increased prevalence of health problems such as type 2
diabetes (T2D). Bariatric surgery is the only proven long-term treatment of obesity and may induce remission of
T2D, although the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The translational studies presented here might provide
insight on the mechanism of steady-state energy balance of the obese phenotype using a special time-restricted
feeding regimen for weight loss during the steady-state energy balance; mechanism by vagal blocking therapy
(vBLoc® therapy) as a new treatment for obesity; and possible mechanism behind the remission of T2D
following gastric bypass surgery.
Study of Optimum Condition for Rapid Preparation of Thrombin using Russell’s Viper Venom Factor X Activator
Authors: Kijkriengkraikul Narin , Nuchprayoon Issarang
Published: June 2018

Background:

The purpose of this study is to investigate a simple method with the optimum condition for rapid thrombin preparation from Cryoprecipitate-depleted Plasma (CDP) using RVV-X in the process.

Methods:

Thrombin preparation from human CDP was studied with the presence of different factors in batch condition including: 1) RVV-X; 2) volume of calcium chloride solution; 3) volume of sodium chloride solution for final extraction; and 4) incubation time. The properties of the prepared sample were analyzed for fibrin clot formation, total protein by Kjeldahl method, thrombin time, molecular weight and protein patterns by SDS-PAGE, and thrombin concentration by coagulation analyzer. The method and process of preparing thrombin and the study of optimum condition for rapidly preparing the highest yield of thrombin from starting CDP 100 ml were introduced.

Results:

The best four conditions were concluded: 1) RVV-X 50 mcg should be present in the process; 2) volume of 0.25 M calcium chloride should be 3 ml; 3) volume of 0.85% sodium chloride for the final protein precipitate extraction should be 10 ml and; 4) no incubation time needed for prothrombin activation process. A solution prepared from the optimum condition showed an obvious band on SDS-PAGE at a molecular weight about 36,000 Da which is our target protein thrombin. The prepared solution had a total protein content of 0.065 g/dl and gave satisfactory results of thrombin time (9 seconds) and fibrin clot formation. The test results of thrombin concentration between the method with and without incubation time were 269.4 and 295.2 IU/ml, respectively.

Conclusion:

This result showed that the method with RVV-X but without incubation time for prothrombin activation (optimum condition) gave the highest yield of thrombin.
Intellectual structure and evolutionary trends of precision medicine through co-word analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lyu Xiaoguang , Hu Jiming , Dong Weiguo
Published: June 2018

UNSTRUCTURED

The aim of this study was to identify the intellectual structure and evolutionary trends of precision medicine (PM) research through the application of various social network analysis and visualization methods. The bibliographies of papers published between 2008 and 2017 were extracted from the Web of Science database. Based on the statistics of keywords in papers, a co-word network was generated and used to calculate network indicators of the entire network and local networks. Communities were then detected to identify sub-directions of PM research. Topological maps of networks, including networks between communities and within each community, were drawn to reveal the correlation structure. An evolutionary graph and a strategic graph were finally produced to reveal research venation and trends in discipline communities. The results show that PM research involves very broad themes and is not balanced overall. A minority of themes with high-frequency and network indicators, such as biomarkers, cancer, diagnostics, drugs, genetics, genomics, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, prediction, target therapy, and therapy, can be considered the core areas in PM research. However, there are five balanced theme directions with distinguished statuses and tendencies: cancer, genomics, biomarkers, pharmacogenomics, and imaging. Cancer, biomarkers, and pharmacogenomics are indicated as the main focused and well-developed branches. Genomics and imaging are shown to be isolated and undeveloped. However, some emerging themes, such as asthma, Parkinson’s disease, and melanoma, were also discovered indicating a new promising application area for a PM model. The implications of PM in the study will provide reasonable and effective support for researchers, funders, policy makers and clinicians.
MEIO AMBIENTE CONECTADO: PROPOSTA PEGAGÓGICA DE UM CURSO DE EXTENSÃO DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL ATRAVÉS DO ENSINO HÍBRIDO
Authors: Gaspi Suelen de , Magalhães Júnior Carlos Alberto de Oliveira
Published: June 2018

O papel da escola, mais do que ensinar conceitos, é o de despertar o pensamento crítico e a reflexão dos estudantes. Uma das reflexões importantes a serem debatidas, concentra-se na temática ambiental, debate este necessário e regulamentado pela Constituição Federal e pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) de Meio Ambiente. Sendo o tema meio ambiente consideravelmente recente no ambiente escolar, é preciso contextualizá-lo de maneira que estimule a reflexão crítica dos estudantes. Neste sentido o Ensino Híbrido surge como uma proposta educacional inovadora, combinando recursos físicos e digitais, e que tem como destaque, a personalização do ensino, e a formação de cidadãos críticos e reflexivos. Por este motivo, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo elaborar um curso de extensão de Educação Ambiental para alunos de ensino médio utilizando os pressupostos do Ensino Híbrido. O curso foi organizado combinando conteúdos dos PCNs de Meio Ambiente, utilizando os modelos de rotação propostos para o Ensino Híbrido, com o intuito de promover a sensibilização dos estudantes, favorecendo a postura ética e o desenvolvimento de atitudes em relação à realidade socioambiental em que vivem.
An improved spectral classification of Boolean functions based on an extended set of invariant operations
Authors: Stankovic Milena , Moraga Claudio , Stankovic Radomir
Published: June 2018

Boolean functions expressing some particular properties often appear in
engineering practice. Therefore, a lot of research efforts are put into
exploring different approaches towards classification of Boolean functions
with respect to various criteria that are typically selected to serve some
specific needs of the intended applications. A classification is considered
to be strong if there is a reasonably small number of different classes for a
given number of variables n and it it desir able that classification rules
are simple. A classification with respect to Walsh spectral coefficients,
introduced formerly for digital system design purposes, appears to be useful
in the context of Boolean functions used in cryptography, since it is in a
way compatible with characterization of cryptographically interesting
functions through Walsh spectral coefficients. This classification is
performed in terms of certain spectral invariant operations. We show by
introducing a new spectral invariant operation in the Walsh domain, that by
starting from n?5, some classes of Boolean functions can be merged which
makes the classification stronger, and from the theoretical point of view
resolves a problem raised already in seventies of the last century. Further,
this new spectral invariant operation can be used in constructing bent
functions from bent functions represented by quadratic forms.
Infrared study of some 2-substituted-6-hydroxy-4-pyrimidine carboxylic acids: Correlation with MO-calculations
Authors: Bogunovic Ljubinka , Mioc Ubavka , Jovanovic Bratislav , Juranic Ivan
Published: June 2018

The IR spectra of a series of 2-substituted-6-hydroxy-4-pyrimidine carboxylic
acids (substituent = OH, SH, CH3, CH3S and NH2) were studied from the aspect
of the influence of the subsitutent on the polarizability of some bonds,
keto-enol tautomerism and hydrogen bond formation. The spectra were taken
using solids due to the low solubility of the acids. Theoretical
calculations were done using the MNDO-AM1 semiempirical molecular-orbital
method. The stabilities of various tautomers were calculated simulating the
dielectric continuum using the COSMO facility of the MOPAC program package.
Theoretical calculations were made for all the possible tautomers of the
2-substituted-6-hydroxy-4-pyrimidine carboxylic acids. For the most stable
isomers, the vibrational spectra were calculated. For the majority of the
compounds the most stable isomer was identified having the structure
2-Y-6-oxo-4-carboxy-3H-pyrimidine. Besides this structure, for the 2-amino-,
and 2-methyl- derivatives the zwitterionic forms have very similar
stability. The 2-hydroxy compound is most stable as the 2,6-dioxo-1H, 3H
isomer. The calculated vibrations for the compounds with a single stable
structure correlate very well with the experimental frequencies. For the
2-methyl- and 2-amino- compounds the correlation is considerably less
satisfactory. The most probable reason for this deviation is the existence
of two or more tautomets in equilibrium. The correlation of the measured
frequencies and the pKa values of the acids, indicate that the same
tautomers exist in the solid state and in the solution.
Using Fair Value Earnings to Assess Firm Value
Authors: Barth Mary E. , Landsman Wayne R.
Published: June 2018

SYNOPSIS

Whether fair value accounting should be used in financial reporting has been the subject of debate for many years. A key dimension to this debate is whether fair value earnings can provide information to financial statement users that is helpful in making their economic decisions. A criticism of fair value accounting is the contention that fair value earnings simply reflects “shocks” to value, and thus cannot be used to assess firm value. We show how fair value earnings can be disaggregated into components that can be used to assess firm value, as well as components that provide information about various types to shocks to value, e.g., effects of changes in expected cash flows.
Friends in Need Are Friends Indeed: An Analysis of Social Ties between Financial Analysts and Mutual Fund Managers
Authors: Gu Zhaoyang , Li Zengquan , Yang Yong George , Li Guangqing
Published: June 2018

We examine how hometown, school, and workplace ties between financial analysts and mutual fund managers affect their business decisions. We show that a fund manager is more likely to hold stocks covered by analysts with whom she is socially connected, and that she also makes higher profits from these holdings. Such social tie-related holding returns are higher among more opaque firms. In return, a fund manager tends to cast her star analyst votes in favor of her connected analysts, and her fund company is more likely to allocate trading commissions to her connected analysts' brokerages. Additional tests indicate that analysts more actively acquire information (through conducting corporate site visits) and issue more optimistically biased recommendations for stocks held by fund managers with whom they are connected. Overall, our results illustrate the pronounced influence of social networks on the behaviors of analysts and fund managers.

JEL Classifications: G10; G23; M40.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
The Joint Role of Auditors' and Auditees' Incentives and Disincentives in the Resolution of Detected Misstatements
Authors: Asare Stephen Kwaku , van Buuren Joost P. , Majoor Barbara
Published: June 2018

We investigate the joint role of auditors' and auditees' incentives and disincentives in the decision to waive detected economically important misstatements (EIM) using a proprietary dataset with longitudinal information from 850 audit engagements completed over the period 2005 to 2015 in The Netherlands. The empirical results show that auditors are more likely to waive EIM as their economic incentives (e.g., abnormally high audit fees, provision of non-audit services) increase. Auditors are also more likely to waive EIM as the auditee's incentives increase but less likely to waive as the auditee emplaces disincentives in the form of independent governance structures. Further, we find that the presence of an independent supervisory board dampened the effect of non-audit services on waiving EIM. Taken together, the results show that auditors' and auditees' incentives affect waiving decisions, which can potentially compromise both financial reporting reliability and audit quality.

JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M42; M48.
Estimating the Effect of a Fit-Focused Employee Selection Program
Authors: Liu Nai-Yng , Liu Shuen-Zen , Chu Hsuan-Lien
Published: June 2018

Using empirical data from a Taiwanese realty company, this paper examines the effects of a fit-focused employee selection program in serving as a management control tool. Empirical results indicate that program-selected probationers show a higher level of goal congruence with the firm and better job performance than non-program-selected individuals. The results provide evidence that systematic selection may serve as a useful mechanism for finding better-fitting employees.
Hypoglycemia, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Death: The LEADER Experience
Authors: Zinman Bernard , Marso Steven P. , Christiansen Erik , Calanna Salvatore , Rasmussen Søren , Buse John B. ,   the LEADER Publication Committee on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

In the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results (LEADER) cardiovascular (CV) outcomes trial (NCT01179048), liraglutide significantly reduced the risk of CV events (by 13%) and hypoglycemia versus placebo. This post hoc analysis examines the associations between hypoglycemia and CV outcomes and death.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Patients with type 2 diabetes and high risk for CV disease (n = 9,340) were randomized 1:1 to liraglutide or placebo, both in addition to standard treatment, and followed for 3.5–5 years. The primary end point was time to first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) (1,302 first events recorded), and secondary end points included incidence of hypoglycemia. We used Cox regression to analyze time to first MACE, CV death, non-CV death, or all-cause death with hypoglycemia as a factor or time-dependent covariate.

RESULTS

A total of 267 patients experienced severe hypoglycemia (liraglutide n = 114, placebo n = 153; rate ratio 0.69; 95% CI 0.51, 0.93). These patients had longer diabetes duration, higher incidence of heart failure and kidney disease, and used insulin more frequently at baseline than those without severe hypoglycemia. In combined analysis (liraglutide and placebo), patients with severe hypoglycemia were more likely to experience MACE, CV death, and all-cause death, with higher risk shortly after hypoglycemia. The impact of liraglutide on risk of MACE was similar in patients with and without severe hypoglycemia (P-interaction = 0.90).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients experiencing severe hypoglycemia were at greater risk of CV events and death, particularly shortly after the hypoglycemic episode. While causality remains unclear, reducing hypoglycemia remains an important goal in diabetes management.
VARIABILIDAD EN MEDIDAS DE LOS ARCOS DENTALES Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA DIFERENCIACIÓN POBLACIONAL-REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Bravo Yuri Lujan , Burbano Patricia Eugenia , Bedoya Rodíguez Antonio , Osorio Julio Cesar , Tamayo Cardona Julian , Martínez Carlos Humebrto
Published: June 2018

Objetivo. Identificar los métodos de medición y la variabilidad de las medidas en los arcos dentales relacionados con la variabilidad poblacional, mediante una revisión sistemática. Métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda en los motores de busqueda especializados de ScienceDirect, Ebsco y Pubmed con el uso de las palabras claves y el truncamiento: “Dental arches” AND “Population” AND “measure”. Los artículos obtenidos (1811) fueron tamizados y seleccionados por título y resumen. Los 29 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de selección se calificaron de acuerdo con la validez interna y la validez externa para determinar el nivel de evidencia. La lectura crítica estuvo guiada por los items incluidos en el instrumento para evaluación de estudios transversales y el formato CASPe. Resultados. Los 29 artículos fueron cualificados segun el nivel de evidencia, obteniendo un total de 6 artículos longitudinales y 23 transversales, de los cuales 8 artículos se encontraban con una calidad de evidencia alta, 6 con una calidad media y 13 con calidad baja. El diámetro transversal de los arcos dentales fue determinado en los artículos, con niveles de evidencia alta, mediante las medidas de las distancias entre caninos, premolares, primer y segundo molar, teniendo en cuenta diferentes puntos anatómicos y específicos según el autor. La forma del arco dental fue definida como estrecha, mediana, y amplia. Conclusiones. Las poblaciones reportadas por los estudios con calidad de evidencia alto, provienen de diferentes grupos étnicos, confirmando la diversidad y variabilidad que podría existir en las formas y medidas de los arcos dentales.
TRASTORNOS TEMPOROMANDIBULARES Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS EN ADOLESCENTES Y JÓVENES DE LA CIUDAD DE MEDELLÍN
Authors: Meneses Edwin , Vivares Annie , Martínez Libia Isabel
Published: June 2018

Objetivo. Evaluar la situación de los TTM en jóvenes y adolescentes de la ESE Metrosalud en la ciudad de Medellín. Métodos. Estudio de prevalencia analítica con 373 jóvenes y adolescentes usuarios. Se realizó un muestreo aleatorio estratificado para la selección de los Centros de Salud y Unidades Hospitalarias. Se aplicó un instrumento que incluyó cuestionario y una ficha de examen clínico para la valoración de la ATM. Se hicieron pruebas de significación estadística tipo Chi cuadrado y se utilizaron los programas Excel ® para Windows ® y Prisma ® y se cumplió con los requisitos éticos de la investigación en salud. Resultados. La prevalencia global de los síntomas relacionados con TTM para esta población fue de 52,1 % incluyendo síntomas leves y severos. La prevalencia general de signos clínicos relacionados con TTM fue de 50,4 % incluyendo la clasificación de signos de disfunción temporomandibular leve, moderada y severa. En el análisis de los síntomas y signos clínicos relacionados con TTM y el análisis de disfunción oclusal segmentado por sexos solo se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas relacionados a la prevalencia de dolor en la articulación temporomandibular a la palpación clínica. Conclusiones. La intervención preventiva y terapéutica de los TTM debe involucrar varias disciplinas, los profesionales deben estar en capacidad de buscar y correlacionar hallazgos clínicos y de esta manera facilitar la solución a las necesidades de los adolescentes y jóvenes más afectados.
Metamalzeme tabanlı çok bantlı enerji hasadı uygulaması
Authors: BAKIR Mehmet
Published: June 2018

Bu çalışmada, değişik boyutlu halka rezonatörlerinden oluşan mükemmel sinyal emici özellik gösteren bir metamalzeme enerji hasadı uygulaması için, tasarım, üretim, simülasyon ve deneysel çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Önerilen yapının en önemli avantajlarından birisi, benzer çalışmaların aksine hiçbir tasarım öğesi değiştirilmeden 1.8GHz, 2.45 GHz ve 2.60 GHz de doğal olarak mükemmel sinyal emici özelliği göstermesidir. Bu değerler yapının hem GSM (Global System for Mobile) hem de ISM (Industrial Scientific Medical) bantlarında enerji hasadı amaçlı kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Simülasyon çalışmaları CST Microwave Studio programında gerçekleştirilmiştir, belirtilen bantlarda rezonatörler üzerinde oluşan enerjinin hasadı için HSMS 2860 Schottky diyot kullanılmıştır. Simülasyon sonuçlarını desteklemek için yansıma katsayısı (S11) ölçümü, diyot etkisinin belirlenmesi, spektrum analizör ve dc voltaj ölçümleri deneysel olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yansıma katsayısı ölçümlerinde rezonans frekanslarında  -20dB lik bir değer elde edilirken, spektrum analizör ölçümünde yaklaşık 30dBm lik bir artış söz konusudur. Diyot üzerinde dc gerilim ölçümünde 47.6mV’ luk bir gerilim gözlenmiştir. Elde edilen deneysel ve simülasyon sonuçları birbirleri ile uyumlu olup önerilen yapının çok bantlı enerji hasadı uygulamalarında kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Açık kanalda askıda bitki etkisindeki akımın yatay hız bileşeninin derinlik boyunca değişiminin incelenmesi
Authors: YILMAZER Didem , YÜKSEL OZAN Ayşe
Published: June 2018

Ekosistem için çok önemli olan bitki tarlalarının kıyı ve akarsu hidroliği üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek son yıllarda giderek önem kazanmıştır.  Su bitki örtüsü genellikle tam batmış, kısmi batmış ve yüzen bitki örtüsü olarak sınıflandırılabilmektedir.  Yüzen bitki örtüsünün en büyük farkı bitkinin altındaki taban sınır tabakasının etkisidir.  Yüzen veya askıda bitki örtüsü akışa engel teşkil edecek ve akım hızında yavaşlamaya neden olacaktır.  Bu yavaşlama ile beraber düşey hız dağılımı klasik logaritmik dağılımdan sapacaktır.  Bitki sebebiyle üst tabakadaki hız azalmasının aksine, bitki ile taban arasında kalan boşlukta hız artışı oluşacaktır.  Bu çalışmada, 181 adet 1.0cm çaplı silindirik çubuklar, 30cm çaplı ahşap bir kafaya sabitlenmiş ve su seviyesinden itibaren 15cm su içine girecek şekilde kanal üst tarafına monte edilmiştir. Membada, bitkiden önce 4 nokta ve mansapta bitkiden sonra 7 nokta olmak üzere 11 farklı noktada ve 8 farklı derinlikte hız ölçümleri ADV (Akustik Dopler Hız Ölçer) kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Deney sonuçları, askıda bitkinin akıma engel teşkil ederek, akımın hızını etkilediğini göstermiştir.
Analysis of consumer food purchase data used for outbreak investigations, a review
Authors: Møller Frederik T , Mølbak Kåre , Ethelberg Steen
Published: June 2018

Background

Investigations of food-borne outbreaks are frequently unsuccessful and new investigation methods should be welcomed. Aim: Describe the use of consumer purchase datasets in outbreak investigations and consider methodological and practical difficulties. Methods: We reviewed published papers describing the use of consumer purchase datasets, where electronic data on the foods that case-patients had purchased before onset of symptoms were obtained and analysed as part of outbreak investigations. Results: For the period 2006–17, scientific articles were found describing 20 outbreak investigations. Most outbreaks involved salmonella or Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and were performed in eight different countries. The consumer purchase datasets were most frequently used to generate hypotheses about the outbreak vehicle where case-interviews had not been fruitful. Secondly, they were used to aid trace-back investigation, where a vehicle was already suspected. A number of methodological as well as (in some countries) legal and practical impediments exist. Conclusions: Several of the outbreaks were unlikely to have been solved without the use of consumer purchase datasets. The method is potentially powerful and with future improved access to big data purchase information, may become a widely applicable tool for outbreak investigations, enabling investigators to quickly find hypotheses and at the same time estimate odds ratios or relative risks hereof. We suggest using the term ‘consumer purchase data’ to refer to the approach in the future.
Increased risk for autochthonous vector-borne infections transmitted by Aedes albopictus in continental Europe
Authors: Gossner Céline M , Ducheyne Els , Schaffner Francis
Published: June 2018

Autochthonous outbreaks of chikungunya and dengue during the past decade showed that continental Europe is vulnerable to Aedes albopictus–borne infections. Ae. albopictus has spread geographically, resulting in more people exposed to risk. Timely application of adequate mosquito suppression measures may delay, or even prevent, the vector population from crossing the potential epidemic abundance threshold should a pathogen be introduced. Health authorities should be on alert to detect early cases to prevent autochthonous outbreaks.
Metabolik Gıda İntoleransları
Authors: Akoğlu Aylin , Oruç Murat
Published: June 2018

Gıda intoleransı, bir gıda maddesinin
vücutta sindirilememesinden veya emilememesinden ileri gelen, genellikle gıda
alerjisi ile karıştırılan ancak gıda alerjisine göre daha yaygın görülen bir
rahatsızlık türüdür. Gıda intoleransının neden olduğu semptomlar, gıda alerjisi
semptomlarına benzemekte,  gastrointestinal, kutanöz ve solunum
hastalıklarını içermektedir. Ancak her iki rahatsızlık farklı mekanizmalarla
gerçekleştiğinden tedaviler farklılık göstermektedir. Gıda intoleransları
enzimatik, farmakolojik ve tanımlanamayan gıda intoleransları olmak üzere üçe
ayrılmaktadır. Enzimatik gıda intoleransı; besin
öğelerinin vücutta kullanılmasında görev alan enzimlerden birinin, genlerdeki
hata sebebiyle yeterli sentezlenemeyişi ya da hiç sentezlenememesinden dolayı
meydana gelen ve metabolik gıda intoleransı olarak adlandırılan bir
durumdur. Dünya genelinde gıda intoleransı tanısı konulmuş insan sayısının
oldukça fazla olması ve konu hakkında insanların yeterli bilgiye sahip olmayışı
konunun ne derece önemli olduğunun bir göstergesidir. Bu çalışma, metabolik
gıda intoleranslarından olan laktoz intoleransı, çölyak, fenilketonüri, galaktozemi,
früktoz intoleransı ve favizm hakkında genel bir bilgi vermek amacıyla
hazırlanmıştır.
DDI as a Common Format for Export and Import for Statistical Packages
Authors: Hoyle Larry , Wackerow Joachim
Published: June 2018

DDI as a Common Format for Export and Import for Statistical Packages
Time to Change: Effects and Implications of Digital Preservation in an Organizational Context
Authors: Lindlar Michelle
Published: June 2018

Time to Change: Effects and Implications of Digital Preservation in an Organizational Context
Tried and Trusted: Experiences with Certification Processes at the GESIS Data Archive
Authors: Schumann Natascha
Published: June 2018

Tried and Trusted: Experiences with Certification Processes at the GESIS Data Archive
Building on the Work of Colleagues: A Moment of Reflection
Authors: Crabtree Jonathan D.
Published: June 2018

Building on the Work of Colleagues: A Moment of Reflection
Strategies of Promoting the Use of Survey Research Data Archive
Authors: Yang Meng-Li
Published: June 2018

Strategies of Promoting the Use of Survey Research Data Archive
Access to Official Data and Researcher Accreditation in Europe: Existing Barriers and a Way Forward
Authors: Tubaro Paola , Cros Marie , Silberman Roxane
Published: June 2018

Access to Official Data and Researcher Accreditation in Europe: Existing Barriers and a Way Forward
Discovering and Accessing Subnational Statistics and Geospatial Data of East Asian Countries: Trends and Obstacles
Authors: Yang Jungwon
Published: June 2018

Discovering and Accessing Subnational Statistics and Geospatial Data of East Asian Countries: Trends and Obstacles
Building an Enterprise Data Service at the Federal Reserve Board
Authors: Cannon San
Published: June 2018

Building an Enterprise Data Service at the Federal Reserve Board
Towards Common Metadata Using GSIM and DDI 3.2
Authors: Nielsen Mogens Grosen , Dannevang Flemming
Published: June 2018

Towards Common Metadata Using GSIM and DDI 3.2
West European Secretariat Report
Authors: Nielsen Per
Published: June 2018

West European Secretariat Report
Data Archive Registry Action Group Report
Authors: Lasko Lisa , Bonmariage Joseph
Published: June 2018

Data Archive Registry Action Group Report
Data Documentation Action Group Report
Authors: Salley Dave L. , Middentorp Cees , Grasso John
Published: June 2018

Data Documentation Action Group Report
Purposing your survey: archives as a market regulator, or how can archives connect supply and demand?
Authors: Horton Laurence , Katsanidou Alexia
Published: June 2018

Purposing your survey: archives as a market regulator, or how can archives connect supply and demand?
Use Cases Related to an Ontology of the Data Documentation Initiative
Authors: Bosch Thomas , Mathiak Brigitte
Published: June 2018

Use Cases Related to an Ontology of the Data Documentation Initiative
XKOS - An RDF Vocabulary for Describing Statistical Classifications
Authors: Cotton Franck , Gillman Daniel W. , Joque Yves
Published: June 2018

XKOS - An RDF Vocabulary for Describing Statistical Classifications
EĞİTİMDE GELENEKTEN FAYDALANMA: NASREDDİN HOCA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ULUÇAY Mustafa
Published: June 2018

Nasreddin Hoca yalnız Anadolu insanının değil,
bütün Türk Milletlerinin, ayrıca Balkan milletlerinin de gönlünde taht kurmuş;
Azerbaycan’dan Yugoslavya’ya, Amerika’dan Japonya’ya kadar uzanan geniş bir
coğrafyada uluslararası bir şöhrete kavuşarak evrensel bir kimlik haline gelmiş
bir şahsiyettir. Kaynaklardan anladığımıza göre, Nasreddin Hoca bir medrese
hocası, yani bir “öğretmen”dir. Nasreddin Hoca’nın öğrencileri sadece medrese
talebeleri de değildir. O; çocuk, genç, ihtiyar…. toplumun bütün katmanlara hocalık
yapmış bir hakîm, bir bilge şahsiyettir. Malumdur ki, eğitim felsefesi,
eğitimin tekniğinden daha mühim bir meseledir. Bir eğitim felsefemiz yoksa
istediğimiz kadar müfredat ve teknik geliştirelim, eğitimde gaye olması gereken
‘erdemli nesiller’ yetiştirmemiz mümkün değildir. Aslında Türk Milli Eğitim
sistemimizin temel ve hayati sorunu; eğitim felsefesi sorunudur. Tebliğimizde
muteber kaynaklardan derlediğimiz bazı Nasreddin Hoca Lâtifeleri eğitim
felsefesi ve yöntemi açısından ele alınacaktır. Tebliğimizin amacı,
kültürümüzün önemli temsil ve taşıyıcılarından olan Nasreddin Hoca’nın gerçek
kimlik ve tarihi şahsiyetini tespit etmek, fıkralarını eğitim felsefesi ve
değerler eğitimi açısından yeniden yorumlamaktır. Bu amaçla, Nasreddin Hoca’dan
bahseden birincil kaynaklar incelenmiş, onun latifelerini ihtiva eden yazma ve
basma eserler tetkik edilmiştir. Latifelerin yorumunda Nasreddin Hoca
Latifelerinin şerhlerinden ve Türk-İslâm klasik eserlerinden yararlanılmıştır.
Gerçek ve gerçeğe yakın olan lâtifelerin birçoğunun mecâzî anlam içerdiği
tespit edilmiş ve bu fıkraların mecâzî anlam ve mesajları yorumlanmıştır.
Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının, “sevgi, saygı, sorumluluk, adalet, güven, hoşgörü,
yardım severlik, çalışkanlık, kanaatkârlık, sabır” gibi bugün değerler eğitimi
kapsamında ele alınan kavramların hemen tamamına uygun somut örneklikler
içerdiği tespit ve tahlil edilmiştir.
ÖN ZENGİNLEŞTİRME SONRASINDA OKSALİK ASİT KULLANIMI İLE CAM KUMU TESİSİ YAN ÜRÜNÜNDEN DÜŞÜK DEMİR İÇERİKLİ MİKRONİZE KUVARS ÜRETİMİ
Authors: Özer Mustafa , Başkurt Bekir , Burat Fırat , Baştürkcü Hüseyin
Published: June 2018

Cam kumu zenginleştirme tesislerinden elde edilen -100 μm boyutundaki yan ürününbileşimindeki safsızlıkların uzaklaştırılması ile yüksek katma değerli mikronize kuvars üretimimümkün olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, böyle bir üründen yüksek kaliteli silika konsantresiüretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla uygulanan kil uzaklaştırma işlemi ile düşük alümina içerikliön konsantre %0,12 Fe2O3 demir içeriği ile elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu ön konsantre üzerindegerçekleştirilen oksalik asit ile çözündürme deneyleri sonucunda; %99,16 SiO2; %0,04 Fe2O3;%0,53 Al2O3 kimyasal içeriğine sahip bir silika konsantresi üretilmiştir. Ayrıca, demirin oksalikasit ortamında çözündürülmesinde sıcaklık-süre ilişkisi temel alınarak yapılan kinetik çalışma iledemir çözünmesinin kimyasal kontrollü bir reaksiyonla gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir.
YÜRÜYEN TAHKİMAT ÜNİTELERİNDE TAVAN TABAKASI İLE TAVAN SARMASI TEMASLARINDA YÜK ANALİZİ
Authors: Yetkin Mustafa Emre , Şimşir Ferhan
Published: June 2018

Tahkimat oluşturma hızının kazı hızına ulaşmasıyla beraber ilk olarak 1950’li yıllarda geliştirilenyürüyen tahkimatlar günümüzde uzunayak madenciliğinin en önemli ekipmanı haline gelmiştir.Uzunayaklarda yürüyen tahkimat ünitesinin etkili bir şekilde tavanı desteklemesi için tavansarmasının tavan tabakaları ile tamamen temas halinde olması gerekmektedir. Ancak bazıdurumlarda düzensiz tavan yüklemeleri, taban taşının yumuşak olması ve göçük tarafından gelenek yüklerin etkisiyle tavan sarması tavan tabakası ile tamamen temas halinde olmamaktadır.Bu çalışmada, tavan sarması ve tavan tabakasının farklı temas durumlarında yürüyen tahkimatünitesinin taşıyıcı elemanlarında meydana gelen maksimum gerilmeler hesaplanmış ve yürüyentahkimat ünitesinin çalışma verimi değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında tasarlanan dört farklıtemas durumuna göre tahkimat ünitesinin en verimli çalışma durumunu tavan sarması ile tavantabakasının tamamen temas halinde olması durumunda sağladığı görülmüştür.
Johannes Gabriel Granö and his Cartography- Oriented Landscape Research. A Reviewing Appreciation
Authors: Helm Holger , Buchroithner Manfred F.
Published: June 2018

The present article shall bring to mind the extraordinary stimuli given by Johannes Gabriel Granö (1882 – 1956) to international landscape research through his exceptionally wide spectrum of studies. It begins with his expeditions into the Altai Mountains and to Northwestern Mongolia at the beginning of the 20th century and his multifaceted publications about their results – also in difficult times – like in 1945. The paper further treats Granö’s pioneering works about geography and cartography of Estonia at the beginning of the 1920s, his methodological and applied articles about physiognomic landscape characteristics, both in detailed as well as in overview scales – and mostly demonstrated in his Finnish motherland. Granö’s monograph „Reine Geographie“ / „Pure Geography“ – first published in German language in 1929 – revived, after its translation into English (in 1997), half a century later eager interest in his activities. In 2002, the Universities of Turku (Finland) and Tartu (Estonia) responded to this development through the establishment of a Granö Centre as a site of encounters and exchanges. In the context of the European Landscape Convention (ECL) it becomes obvious how far J.G. Granö was ahead of his time.
How to write ‘discussions, conclusions’ in scientific journal article
Authors: Shah Jay N
Published: June 2018

Not available.Journal of Patan Academy of Health 1 Sciences. 2016 Dec;3(2):1-2
Corporate Social Responsibility in Nepalese Commercial Bank with reference to Bank of Kathmandu Limited
Authors: Kandel Laxman Raj
Published: June 2018

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is all about companies managing their business process to produce the overall positive impact on the society. The interest for CSR has grown rapidly the recent years and people started to demand corporate social responsibility from the company. CSR is connected with corporate behaving ethically, morally and socially responsible towards the society. This research focuses on investigating why companies engage in CSR, how they apply CSR and how CSR can affect financial performance. It was found that the employees and the people in general do get motivated by their organization. All the respondents were very positive and energized about being part of the CSR activities provided with the opportunities. BOK Ltd has focused their CSR activities related with the health, education and environment with the name as BOK health, BOK education and BOK environment initiation. BOK has tried to cover the different aspect of essential factors in anyone’s life. Majority of the respondents’ views that CSR activities has the positive relation and can contribute on the financial performance of the company as it increases the good image and goodwill of the organization. CSR needs planning and proper implementation so that the society could actually have positive impact from CSR activities.In Nepalese context the organization do not emphasize in CSR activities rather they give priorities to earn more profit and flourish their business.NCC JournalVol. 3, No. 1, 2018, page: 90-99
You will never again be a Chilean like the others
Authors: Askeland Gurid Aga , Sønneland Anne Margrethe
Published: June 2018

In this paper we focus on repatriation of refugees who came to Norway after the coup d'état in Chile in 1973. The Chilean refugees formed part of a diaspora during exile. The authors’ concern is the returnees' relationship with the diaspora upon return. The purpose of the article is to discuss whether the notion of diaspora may contribute to an understanding of the situation of the returnees. Diaspora is widely used in migration studies, although the concept is not particularly related to studies on refugees and their return. The article is based on interviews with Chilean returnees from Norwegian exile. The authors argue that their situation may be best understood as one of continued diasporic identity and diasporic consciousness.
СОЦІАЛЬНЕ ВИХОВАННЯ ТА СОЦІАЛЬНА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ІНФОРМАТИКИ НА ЗАСАДАХ СТУДЕНТСЬКОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ
Authors:   Житомирський державний університет імені Івана Франка, Вербівський Д.
Published: June 2018

The socio-pedagogical conditions that provide the effectiveness of social education and social realization of future teachers of computer science by means of student self-government are determined and theoretically substantiated. Key words: social upbringing, social realization, future teachers of computer science, student fraternity, engagement.