bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stratified numerical heat and mass transport mechanism in MHD Maxwell fluid flow with nonuniform heat source/sink
Authors: Naduvinamani N. B. , Basha Hussain , Shridhar M.
Published: June 2024

The present boundary layer flow of Maxwell fluid over a stretching sheet has good number of practical applications in metallurgy, drawing of plastics, polymer sheet extrusion including hot rolling extrusion, glass blowing, spinning of fibers, rubber and plastic sheets, crystal growing and many more. Due to these extensive applications of Maxwell fluid in engineering, medicine and manufacturing industries including the above-mentioned applications, authors have motived, inspired and investigated the present problem. However, in this research paper, the influences of Soret and Dufour effects on the steady-state Maxwell fluid flow past a stretching sheet with nonuniform heat source/sink are considered numerically. The thermal and concentration stratifications impacts are also incorporated. The viscous dissipation and magnetic field effects are also included in the respective governing equations. The main novelty and uniqueness of this numerical research is to generalize the earlier studies and describe the salient features of magneto-thermo visco-elastic dissipative Maxwell fluid motion about a stretching sheet with cross-diffusion effects under the influence of double stratification phenomena. To differentiate the non-Newtonian fluids from those of Newtonian fluids, a well-known Maxwell fluid flow model is used in the present study. The investigated physical problem results the highly nonlinear coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) and which are not amenable to any of the direct methods. Suitable similarity transformations are deployed to reduce the highly complex PDEs into the system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). A robust BVP4C Matlab function is employed to solve the rendered dimensionless system of ODEs. The numerically generated computed data is plotted in terms of velocity, temperature and concentration profiles including engineering quantities of interest such as skin-friction, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers in the flow region. It is evident from the current analysis that, the amplified magnetic field decreases the velocity field and increases the thermal and concentration distribution fields. Accelerating Maxwell’s number diminished the flow velocity and increased the temperature field. Increasing Soret and Dufour numbers enhances the concentration and temperature fields, respectively. Amplifying Maxwell’s number raises the skin-friction coefficient and enlarging the thermal stratification parameter magnifies the thermal transport rate. The mass transport rate amplified with a raise in concentration stratification number in the flow region. Finally, it is provided that, the current results are excellently matching with earlier published results in the literature and it confirms the accuracy of the used numerical method and the produced similarity solutions.
Exact solutions of the generalized Huxley–Burgers’ equations
Authors: Tutam Sevilay Erdoğan , Akar Mutlu
Published: June 2024

This study employs the Extended Kudryashov method to address the fractional-order generalized Burgers–Huxley equation, the fractional-order generalized Huxley equation, the fractional-order generalized Burgers equation, and the fractional-order generalized Fisher equation. Through this approach, exact solutions for these equations are derived. Furthermore, we visualize the obtained results in 3D using Maple [Formula: see text]. The outcomes underscore the effectiveness and reliability of the Extended Kudryashov method as a clear and efficient tool for solving the specified equations.
Weaving frames in n-Hilbert space
Authors: Wang Gang
Published: June 2024

The theory of [Formula: see text]-Hilbert space is very important in Functional analysis. Based on wavelet theory, the Frame theory is developed, and the classical results of frame theory are established in Hilbert space. There are several new extensions and generalizations on frames in Hilbert space such as weaving frames in Hilbert space. In this paper, the concept of weaving frames in [Formula: see text]-Hilbert space is introduced. We obtain some new properties of weaving frames in [Formula: see text]-Hilbert space. First, we give some characterizations of weaving frames in [Formula: see text]-Hilbert space. Then, we give some stability and perturbation results on weaving frames in [Formula: see text]-Hilbert space.
Periodic geodesics in singular spaces
Authors: Papasoglu Panos , Swenson Eric
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we extend the classical result of Lyusternik and Fet on the existence of closed geodesics to singular spaces. We show that if [Formula: see text] is a compact geodesic metric space satisfying the CAT([Formula: see text]) condition for some fixed [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text] then [Formula: see text] has a periodic geodesic. This condition is satisfied for example by locally CAT([Formula: see text]) manifolds. Our result applies more generally to compact locally uniquely geodesic spaces.
Experimentation on Leader-Following Formation for Fixed-Wing UAVs
Authors: Wu Tongyan , Deng Yimin , Xu Dukun , Zhu Baitao , Xiang Xuanhe
Published: June 2024

Fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are a primary focus of current UAV research. Challenges arise in their flight due to high speed and complex maneuverability. This paper explores the coordinated turn guidance law for fixed-wing UAVs and validates an experimental leader-follower formation platform in flight. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and platform in enabling actual leader-follower formation flights for fixed-wing UAVs.
A process-led approach to framing uncertainty and risk in CO
2
storage in the subsurface
Authors: Shoulders Simon , Hodgkinson Jonathan
Published: June 2024

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) requires the safe, long-term storage of CO
2
in the subsurface. This challenges subsurface practitioners to build on and adapt many of the techniques and processes developed for hydrocarbon exploration and production to create innovative approaches to assessing CO
2
storage risk and uncertainty. A wide-ranging and integrated understanding of the processes controlling CO
2
behaviour in the subsurface is required to facilitate effective risk identification and characterization.

In this paper we explore the different physical processes acting within storage formations and their evolution throughout the injection project life cycle to illustrate key controls on CO
2
plume behaviour and frame risk identification and characterization. An approach applying wide-reaching premortem risk identification coupled with evidence-led uncertainty characterization is described to frame inputs for detailed risk characterization and management activity during early screening of prospects for CO
2
storage.
A Single Bitline Highly Stable, Low Power With High Speed Half-Select Disturb Free 11T SRAM Cell
Authors: Soni Lokesh , Pandey Neeta
Published: June 2024

A half-select disturb-free 11T (HF11T) static random access memory (SRAM) cell with low power, better stability and high speed is presented in this paper. The proposed SRAM cell works well with bit-interleaving design, which enhances soft-error immunity. A comparison of the proposed HF11T cell with other cutting-edge designs such as single-ended HS free 11T (SEHF11T), a shared-pass-gate 11T (SPG11T), data-dependent stack PMOS switching 10T (DSPS10T), a single-ended half-selected robust 12T (HSR12T), and 11T SRAM cells has been made. It exhibits 4.85×/9.19× less read delay (

T
RA

) and write delay (

T
WA

), respectively as compared to other considered SRAM cells. It achieves 1.07×/1.02× better read and write stability, respectively than the considered SRAM cells. It shows maximum reduction of 1.68×/4.58×/94.72×/9×/145× leakage power, read power, write power consumption, read power delay product (PDP) and write PDP respectively, than the considered SRAM cells. In addition, the proposed HF11T cell achieves 10.14× higher

I
on

/

I
off

ratio than the other compared cells. These improvements come with a trade-off, resulting in 1.13× more

T
RA

compared to SPG11T. The simulation is performed with Cadence Virtuoso 45nm CMOS technology at supply voltage (

V
DD

) of 0.6 V.
Bitmap-Based Security Monitoring for Deeply Embedded Systems
Authors: Peng Anni , Fang Dongliang , Guan Le , Kouwe Erik van der , Li Yin , Wang Wenwen , Sun Limin , Zhang Yuqing
Published: June 2024

Deeply embedded systems powered by microcontrollers are becoming popular with the emergence of Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology. However, these devices primarily run C/C

\({+}{+}\)

code and are susceptible to memory bugs, which can potentially lead to both control data attacks and non-control data attacks. Existing defense mechanisms (such as control-flow integrity (CFI), dataflow integrity (DFI) and write integrity testing (WIT), etc.) consume a massive amount of resources, making them less practical in real products. To make it lightweight, we design a bitmap-based allowlist mechanism to unify the storage of the runtime data for protecting both control data and non-control data. The memory requirements are constant and small, regardless of the number of deployed defense mechanisms. We store the allowlist in the TrustZone to ensure its integrity and confidentiality. Meanwhile, we perform an offline analysis to detect potential collisions and make corresponding adjustments when it happens. We have implemented our idea on an ARM Cortex-M-based development board. Our evaluation results show a substantial reduction in memory consumption when deploying the proposed CFI and DFI mechanisms, without compromising runtime performance. Specifically, our prototype enforces CFI and DFI at a cost of just 2.09% performance overhead and 32.56% memory overhead on average.
Aspect-Enhanced Explainable Recommendation with Multi-modal Contrastive Learning
Authors: Liao Hao , Wang Shuo , Cheng Hao , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jiwei , Zhou Mingyang , Lu Kezhong , Mao Rui , Xie Xing
Published: June 2024

Explainable recommender systems (
ERS
) aim to enhance users’ trust in the systems by offering personalized recommendations with transparent explanations. This transparency provides users with a clear understanding of the rationale behind the recommendations, fostering a sense of confidence and reliability in the system’s outputs. Generally, the explanations are presented in a familiar and intuitive way, which is in the form of natural language, thus enhancing their accessibility to users. Recently, there has been an increasing focus on leveraging reviews as a valuable source of rich information in both modeling user-item preferences and generating textual interpretations, which can be performed simultaneously in a multi-task framework. Despite the progress made in these review-based recommendation systems, the integration of implicit feedback derived from user-item interactions and user-written text reviews has yet to be fully explored. To fill this gap, we propose a model named
SERMON
(A
s
pect-enhanced
E
xplainable
R
ecommendation with
M
ulti-modal C
o
ntrast Lear
n
ing). Our model explores the application of multimodal contrastive learning to facilitate reciprocal learning across two modalities, thereby enhancing the modeling of user preferences. Moreover, our model incorporates the aspect information extracted from the review, which provides two significant enhancements to our tasks. Firstly, the quality of the generated explanations is improved by incorporating the aspect characteristics into the explanations generated by a pre-trained model with controlled textual generation ability. Secondly, the commonly used user-item interactions are transformed into user-item-aspect interactions, which we refer to as interaction triple, resulting in a more nuanced representation of user preference. To validate the effectiveness of our model, we conduct extensive experiments on three real-world datasets. The experimental results show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, with a 2.0% improvement in prediction accuracy and a substantial 24.5% enhancement in explanation quality for the TripAdvisor dataset.
KF-VTON: Keypoints-Driven Flow Based Virtual Try-On Network
Authors: Wu Zizhao , Liu Siyu , Lu Peioyan , Yang Ping , Wong Yongkang , Gu Xiaoling , Kankanhalli Mohan S.
Published: June 2024

Image-based virtual try-on aims to fit a target garment to a reference person. Most existing methods are limited to solving the Garment-To-Person (G2P) try-on task that transfers a garment from a clean product image to the reference person and do not consider the Person-To-Person (P2P) try-on task that transfers a garment from a clothed person image to the reference person, which limits the practical applicability. The P2P try-on task is more challenging due to spatial discrepancies caused by different poses, body shapes, and views between the reference person and the target person. To address this issue, we propose a novel Keypoints-Driven Flow Based Virtual Try-On Network (KF-VTON) for handling both the G2P and P2P try-on tasks. Our KF-VTON has two key innovations: (1) We propose a new
keypoints-driven flow based deformation model
to warp the garment. This model establishes spatial correspondences between the target garment and reference person by combining the robustness of Thin-plate Spline (TPS) based deformation and the flexibility of appearance flow based deformation. (2) We investigate a powerful
Context-aware Spatially Adaptive Normalization (CSAN) generative module
to synthesize the final try-on image. Particularly, CSAN integrates rich contextual information with semantic parsing guidance to properly infer unobserved garment appearances. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our KF-VTON is capable of producing photo-realistic and high-fidelity try-on results for the G2P as well as P2P try-on tasks and surpasses previous state-of-the-art methods both quantitatively and qualitatively. Our code is available at
https://github.com/OIUIU/KF-VTON
.
Bridging the Gap: Integrating Knowledge from the Study of Social Network Analysis and Infectious Disease Dynamics in Human and Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Deere Jessica R. , Lonsdorf Elizabeth V. , Clennon Julie A. , Gillespie Thomas R.
Published: June 2024

Primates live in complex social systems, and social contact and disease interact to shape the evolution of animal (including human) sociality. Researchers use social network analysis (SNA), a method of mapping and measuring contact patterns within a network of individuals, to understand the role that social interactions play in disease transmission. Here, we review lessons learned from SNA of humans and nonhuman primates (NHPs) and explore how they can inform health and wildlife conservation. Utilizing the breadth of knowledge in human systems and outlining how we can integrate that knowledge into our understanding of NHP sociality will add to our comprehension of disease transmission in NHP social networks and, in turn, will reveal more about human disease and well-being.
Inferring Binary Properties from Gravitational-Wave Signals
Authors: Roulet Javier , Venumadhav Tejaswi
Published: June 2024

This review provides a conceptual and technical survey of methods for parameter estimation of gravitational-wave signals in ground-based interferometers such as Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo. We introduce the framework of Bayesian inference and provide an overview of models for the generation and detection of gravitational waves from compact binary mergers, focusing on the essential features that are observable in the signals. Within the traditional likelihood-based paradigm, we describe various approaches for enhancing the efficiency and robustness of parameter inference. This includes techniques for accelerating likelihood evaluations, such as heterodyne/relative binning, reduced-order quadrature, multibanding, and interpolation. We also cover methods to simplify the analysis to improve convergence, via reparameterization, importance sampling, and marginalization. We end with a discussion of recent developments in the application of likelihood-free (simulation-based) inference methods to gravitational-wave data analysis.
Corticotropin releasing factor alters the functional diversity of accumbal cholinergic interneurons
Authors: Ingebretson Anna E. , Alonso-Caraballo Yanaira , Razidlo John A. , Lemos Julia C.
Published: June 2024

Cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) within the dorsal and ventral striatum can exert a major influence on network output and motivated behaviors. However, the firing patterns and neuromodulation of ChIs within the ventral striatum, specifically the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell, are understudied. Here, we report that NAc shell ChIs have heterogeneous ChI firing patterns that are labile and can be modulated by the stress-linked neuropeptide corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and by the estrous cycle.
Exploring the Unmet Needs of Primary Caregivers of Autistic Children and Its Implications for Social Work Practice in Ghana
Authors: Awuviry-Newton Kofi , Kukah Seyram Ama , Abekah-Carter Kwamina
Published: June 2024

Caring for an autistic child is fraught with various difficulties and may present unmet needs that could affect the overall well‐being of caregivers and children themselves. Consequently, gaining insight into the unmet needs of these caregivers is imperative for the development of targeted and effective interventions to enhance their quality of life and improve their ability to care for their children. Using a descriptive qualitative research design, this study engaged 10 primary caregivers of autistic children in Ghana to understand their unmet needs. Data were collected through in‐depth interviews and thematically analyzed. The analysis revealed the urgent need for financial support for primary caregivers, the availability of more special schools, and the services of trained professionals in the field of autism. Caregivers also called for the intensification of public education to help reorient the perspectives of the general population on the autism condition. Based on the findings, some recommendations for policy and practice were made. The implications of the findings for social work are also discussed.
Insect Pests and Diseases in Stored Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and Maize (Zea mays L.) in West Hararghe, Ethiopia
Authors: Beyene Gelana Keno , Yones Amin Mohammed , Heji Ahmed Beyan , Kayim Mukaddes
Published: June 2024

The presence of major insect pests and microflora in stored sorghum and maize in West Hararghe, Ethiopia, poses a significant threat to food security and agricultural productivity, leading to postharvest losses and economic hardship for local farmers. This study aimed to evaluate and identify the main grain insect pests and diseases of stored maize and sorghum in West Hararghe, Ethiopia. The survey was carried out in five major sorghum and maize‐producing districts of the surveyed areas, namely, Mieso, Gemechis, Tullo, Anchar, and Oda Bultum. The results revealed that maize and sorghum grains stored in sacks, ground pits, markets, and hanging (maize cob) storage containers were infested with insect species: maize weevil (S. zeamais), Angoumois grain moth (S. cerealella), rice weevil (S. oryzae), Red flour beetle (T. castaneum), confused flour beetle (T. confusum), and Lesser grain borer (R. dominica). The mean levels of major insect pest infestations and associated percentages of grain damage, weight loss, and germination loss were recorded across all traditional storage systems, including sacking, marketing, hanging or maize cob, and ground pit storage methods. The highest absolute frequency and relative frequency of F. oxysporum (14.53%), followed by A. flavus (13.08%), on maize seeds were recorded in the agar plate test. A total of eight species of fungi, including Fusarium species, A. parasiticus, and A. niger, were identified using the blotter and agar plate method. The incidence of fungal diseases was markedly high (98.33%) in maize grain stored in the Anchar district, followed closely by grain stored in the market in the same district, recording 98.33%. Therefore, it is recommended that further confirmatory identification using molecular tools be conducted to develop novel management strategies for these insect pests and diseases.
Genome‐Wide Association Study for High Milk Yield in Saudi Arabian Dromedary using Whole Genome Sequencing
Authors: Alsubaie Faisal M. , Ibrahim Mohanad A. , Wani Suheel Yousuf , Awad Ashraf , Alrefaei Abdulwahed Fahad , Almutairi Mikhlid H.
Published: June 2024

The camels have attracted scientific attention due to their unique agricultural characteristics and are used for a variety of purposes, including milk and meat production. To exploit their full potential, it is essential to improve our understanding of the genetic makeup of these animals. Advances in molecular breeding have expanded our knowledge of the genetic architecture of complex traits through genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). This study aimed to identify genome‐wide variants, annotate their functions, and examine the genetic variants linked to milk production in camels. We used whole‐genome sequencing data of 61 dromedary camels to perform a genome‐wide association study for investigated milk traits using a logistic regression model. After variant calling in all 61 genome samples and subsequent rigorous filtering processes, we identified 306,310 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across all genomes. Among the 306,310 identified SNPs, a subset of 28 SNPs demonstrated statistical significance (p < 5 × 10−4) in association with milk traits in dromedaries. These significant SNPs were found within 13 locations of candidate genes, namely TYRP1, DLC1, GPC5, SLC24A4, NEMP2, and SLC14A1, suggesting their potential relevance to milk production characteristics in this species. The results of our GWAS unravel the complex genetic landscape of milk production in dromedary camels and provide a list of significant SNPs and candidate genes, providing valuable information for further investigations to understand the molecular mechanisms behind this important economic trait.
KRAS Promotes GLI2-Dependent Transcription during Pancreatic Carcinogenesis
Authors: Sigafoos Ashley N. , Tolosa Ezequiel J. , Carr Ryan M. , Fernandez-Barrena Maite G. , Almada Luciana L. , Pease David R. , Hogenson Tara L. , Raja Arul Glancis L. , Mousavi Fatemeh , Sen Sandhya , Vera Renzo E. , Marks David L. , Flores Luis F. , LaRue-Nolan Kayla C. , Wu Chen , Bamlet William R. , Vrabel Anne M. , Sicotte Hugues , Schenk Erin L. , Smyrk Thomas C. , Zhang Lizhi , Rabe Kari G. , Oberg Ann L. , Zaphiropoulos Peter G. , Chevet Eric , Graham Rondell P. , Hagen Catherine E. , di Magliano Marina P. , Elsawa Sherine F. , Pin Christopher L. , Mao Junhao , McWilliams Robert R. , Fernandez-Zapico Martin E.
Published: June 2024

Aberrant activation of GLI transcription factors has been implicated in the pathogenesis of different tumor types including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. However, the mechanistic link with established drivers of this disease remains in part elusive. In this study, using a new genetically engineered mouse model overexpressing constitutively active mouse form of GLI2 and a combination of genome-wide assays, we provide evidence of a novel mechanism underlying the interplay between KRAS, a major driver of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development, and GLI2 to control oncogenic gene expression. These mice, also expressing KrasG12D, show significantly reduced median survival rate and accelerated tumorigenesis compared with the KrasG12D only expressing mice. Analysis of the mechanism using RNA sequencing demonstrate higher levels of GLI2 targets, particularly tumor growth–promoting genes, including Ccnd1, N-Myc, and Bcl2, in KrasG12D mutant cells. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing studies showed that in these cells KrasG12D increases the levels of trimethylation of lysine 4 of the histone 3 (H3K4me3) at the promoter of GLI2 targets without affecting significantly the levels of other major active chromatin marks. Importantly, Gli2 knockdown reduces H3K4me3 enrichment and gene expression induced by mutant Kras. In summary, we demonstrate that Gli2 plays a significant role in pancreatic carcinogenesis by acting as a downstream effector of KrasG12D to control gene expression.
KEBERHASILAN OPERASI TRABEKULEKTOMI PADA GLAUKOMA SUDUT TERBUKA PRIMER PERIODE 2019-2021
Authors: Radilia Fasya , Rifada R. Maula , Kartiwa R. Angga
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Glaucoma represents a group of diseases defined by a characteristic optic neuropathy that is consistent with remodeling of the connective tissue elements of the optic nerve head and with loss of neural tissue associated with the eventual development of distinctive patterns of visual dysfunction. The most common surgery for glaucoma treatment is trabeculectomy, which in principle is done by creating a new channel that drains the aqueous humor, and return the intraocular pressure to normal levels.
Objective: This study aimed to know the success rate of trabeculectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma.
Methods: This study used a retrospective descriptive research method and was conducted in the Medical Records Center of the Cicendo National Eye Hospital, Bandung City with a data collection period of 21 July 2022 – 6 September 2022. The data collection process was carried out by looking at secondary data from medical records of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma for the period January 2019 – December 2021.
Results: Mean IOP decreased from 32.6±12.9 before surgery, to 19.8±10 one week after surgery, and 18.8±7.3 one month after surgery. The overall success rate reaches 82.1%.
Conclusions: The success rate for open-angle glaucoma treated with trabeculectomy at Cicendo National Eye hospital is considered good with a total success rate of 82.1% with or without anti-glaucoma medication to control IOP after surgery.
Trajectories of Frailty and Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the Shizuoka Kokuho Database
Authors: Nakamaru Ryo , Nishimura Shiori , Kumamaru Hiraku , Shoji Satoshi , Nakatani Eiji , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Miyachi Yoshiki , Miyata Hiroaki , Kohsaka Shun
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

The increasing prevalence of frailty has gained considerable attention due to its profound influence on clinical outcomes. However, our understanding of the progression of frailty and long-term clinical outcomes in older individuals with atrial fibrillation remains scarce.

METHODS:

Using data from 2012 to 2018 from a comprehensive claims database incorporating primary and hospital care records in Shizuoka, Japan, we selected patients aged ≥65 years with atrial fibrillation who initiated oral anticoagulant therapy. The trajectory of frailty was plotted using Sankey plots, illustrating the annual changes in their frailty according to the electronic frailty index during a 3-year follow-up after oral anticoagulant initiation, along with the incidence of clinical adverse outcomes. For deceased patients, we assessed their frailty status in the year preceding their death.

RESULTS:

Of 6247 eligible patients (45.1% women; mean age, 79.3±8.0 years) at oral anticoagulant initiation, 7.7% were categorized as fit (electronic frailty index, 0–0.12), 30.1% as mildly frail (>0.12–0.24), 35.4% as moderately frail (>0.24–0.36), and 25.9% as severely frail (>0.36). Over the 3-year follow-up, 10.4% of initially fit patients transitioned to moderately frail or severely frail. Conversely, 12.5% of severely frail patients improved to fit or mildly frail. Death, stroke, and major bleeding occurred in 23.4%, 4.1%, and 2.2% of patients, respectively. Among the mortality cases, 74.8% (N=1183) and 3.5% (N=55) had experienced moderately or severely frail and either a stroke or major bleeding in the year preceding their death, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

In a contemporary era of atrial fibrillation management, a minor fraction of older patients on oral anticoagulants died following a stroke or major bleeding. However, their frailty demonstrated a dynamic trajectory, and a substantial proportion of death was observed after transitioning to a moderately or severely frail state.
Childhood Opportunity and Acute Interstage Outcomes: A National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative Analysis
Authors: Zielonka Benjamin , Bucholz Emily M. , Lu Minmin , Bates Katherine E. , Hill Garick D. , Pinto Nelangi M. , Sleeper Lynn A. , Brown David W.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

The interstage period after discharge from stage 1 palliation carries high morbidity and mortality. The impact of social determinants of health on interstage outcomes is not well characterized. We assessed the relationship between childhood opportunity and acute interstage outcomes.

METHODS:

Infants discharged home after stage 1 palliation in the National Pediatric Quality Improvement Collaborative Phase II registry (2016–2022) were retrospectively reviewed. Zip code–level Childhood Opportunity Index (COI), a composite metric of 29 indicators across education, health and environment, and socioeconomic domains, was used to classify patients into 5 COI levels. Acute interstage outcomes included death or transplant listing, unplanned readmission, intensive care unit admission, unplanned catheterization, and reoperation. The association between COI level and acute interstage outcomes was assessed using logistic regression with sequential adjustment for potential confounders.

RESULTS:

The analysis cohort included 1837 patients from 69 centers. Birth weight (
P
<0.001) and proximity to a surgical center at birth (
P
=0.02) increased with COI level. Stage 1 length of stay decreased (
P
=0.001), and exclusive oral feeding rate at discharge increased (
P
<0.001), with higher COI level. More than 98% of patients in all COI levels were enrolled in home monitoring. Death or transplant listing occurred in 101 (5%) patients with unplanned readmission in 987 (53%), intensive care unit admission in 448 (24%), catheterization in 345 (19%), and reoperation in 83 (5%). There was no difference in the incidence or time to occurrence of any acute interstage outcome among COI levels in unadjusted or adjusted analysis. There was no interaction between race and ethnicity and childhood opportunity in acute interstage outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:

Zip code COI level is associated with differences in preoperative risk factors and stage 1 palliation hospitalization characteristics. Acute interstage outcomes, although common across the spectrum of childhood opportunity, are not associated with COI level in an era of highly prevalent home monitoring programs. The role of home monitoring in mitigating disparities during the interstage period merits further investigation.
Hypostomus caudofasciatus (Teleostei: Loricariidae), a new remarkably colored species from the upper Rio Paraná basin in Brazil
Authors: ZAWADZKI CLÁUDIO HENRIQUE , AZEVEDO FILIPE MANOEL
Published: June 2024

Despite being one of the better-surveyed regions in Brazil, the upper Rio Paraná basin still reveals relatively numerous large new species of fish. Here, we present a new uniquely colored species of the highly diverse, armored catfish genus Hypostomus. The new species was mostly found in the Rio Grande basin, plus a single record in the main channel of the Rio Paraná. Hypostomus caudofasciatus n. sp. is remarkable by its large eyes, and it completely differs from congeners by having four longitudinal dark stripes on the flanks and a caudal fin with conspicuous longitudinal dark stripes on a yellow background (unique in Hypostomus).
Description of Amphimonhystrella sinica sp. nov. and Cobbia zhangi sp. nov. of the family Xyalidae (Nematoda: Monhysterida) from the Yellow Sea, China
Authors: HUANG MIAN , SUI XINXIN
Published: June 2024

Two new species of free-living marine nematodes belonging to the family Xyalidae are described from the Yellow Sea, China. Amphimonhystrella sinica sp. nov. is characterized by rhomboid-shaped buccal cavity, circular amphidial fovea relatively far from anterior end of body, slender L-shaped spicules with cephalated proximal end and hooked distal end, tubular gubernaculum with ventrally curved apophyses, slender tail conico-cylindrical with half cylindrical distal part. Cobbia zhangi sp. nov. is characterized by having three similar equal-sized teeth, anterior sensilla arrangement 6+10, slightly curved spicules cephalated proximally and tapered distally, gubernaculum rod-like without apophysis, tail with posterior three fourths filiform part. Updated dichotomous keys to species of Amphimonhystrella and Cobbia are given. Considering the descriptions in the present work, the two genera contain now 9 and 12 valid species, respectively; this study complemented the species diversity of nematodes in Chinese sea area.
Key to sessile gnesiotrochan rotifers: Floscularia (Monogononta; Flosculariidae)
Authors: LAFLEUR ALEXANDRE , DAVIES NATALIE , HOCHBERG RICK , WALSH ELIZABETH J. , WALLACE ROBERT L.
Published: June 2024

Correct identification of species is necessary if we are to understand their biology, ecology, and evolutionary history, as well as to catalog their global biodiversity. This is acutely critical for many micrometazoans like rotifers, which are often difficult to identify because of their small size and complicated morphologies. Rotifers are ubiquitous micrometazoans that are found worldwide in fresh, brackish, and some marine waters. However, their study is hindered by a lack of both taxonomic expertise and concomitantly adequate guides to the identification of some taxa. These deficiencies are particularly true for the sessile species. To help alleviate these impediments, we assembled information from the literature on easily recognizable characters of all nine valid species in one notable genus: Floscularia (Monogononta; Gnesiotrocha; Flosculariidae). Using that information we developed a simple, dichotomous key to enable workers to identify species in this genus. Our key emphasizes easily observable characters of adult female morphology, including features of their tubes, anterior ends, trophi, and colony formation abilities, thereby allowing for relatively quick identification.
Planiculus angulatus, a new species of xyleborine ambrosia beetle from Thailand (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini)
Authors: SITTICHAYA WISUT , COGNATO ANTHONY I.
Published: June 2024

A new species, Planiculus angulatus sp. nov., is described and P. shiva is reported from Thailand for the first time. A list of Planiculus species found in Thailand with distributions, habitat types and a key to species are also provided.
Rhinoceromyia, a peculiar new genus of long-legged flies from Guinea (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Dolichopodinae)
Authors: GRICHANOV IGOR YA.
Published: June 2024

The genus Rhinoceromyia Grichanov gen. nov. is described from the tropical forest of southeastern Guinea to accommodate a new species, Rhinoceromyia dubrovskii Grichanov sp. nov. with a peculiar horn on the male face, a very unusual character in the Empidoidea. The secondary segmentation and articulation of the male cercus is also an extraordinary character in the Dolichopodidae. The new genus is placed in the subfamily Dolichopodinae and is considered close to the Afrotropical genus Afropelastoneurus Grichanov, differing from the latter in remarkable characters of head, wing and male genitalia.
Performances of Proteinuria as Compared with Albuminuria in Screening for Microalbuminuria During Sickle Cell Anaemia
Authors: Ndour El Hadji , Dione Rokhaya , Gueye-Tall Fatou , Mara Sokhna , Deme-Ly Indou , Seck Moussa , Ndongo Aliou , Djite Moustapha , Sagna-Bassene Helene , Barry Nene , Kandji Pape , Kamby Coumba , Sene El Hadji , Gueye Papa , Diagne Ibrahima , Diop Saliou , Lopez-Sall Philomene , Cisse Aynina
Published: June 2024

Albuminuria is the gold standard for the screening of microalbuminuria, a biomarker of early onset of nephropathy during sickle cell anemia (SCA). Nephropathy increase morbidity and mortality of SCA in the absence of appropriate treatment. However, albuminuria is not readily available or affordable in resource-limited countries, so in 2012 Kidney Diseases Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) proposed using proteinuria at a threshold of 150 mg/g urine creatinine to screen for microalbuminuria in these settings. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the performance of proteinuria in screening microalbuminuria in sub-Saharan Senegalese sickle cell patients. Albuminuria in recruited SS sickle cell patients was expressed as a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and proteinuria as a urine proteins-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR). The prevalence of microalbuminuria, Cohen's kappa coefficient and areas under the curve (AUC) were then determined to assess the performance of proteinuria in detecting microalbuminuria. A total of 150 patients with a median age of 20 years [minimum-maximum: 4-57] and a female proportion of 51.33% were included in the study. Microalbuminuria was present in 42.38% (n=64) of subjects according to the UPCR. The Cohen's kappa coefficient was 0.41 [IC95%: 0.27-0.56] and the AUC 0.71 [IC95%: 0.64 - 0.81] with UPCR 150mg/g. The best Cohen's kappa coefficient and AUC were observed with an UPCR threshold of 135 mg/g. Our results confirm that proteinuria is useful in screening for microalbuminuria and show that RPCU 135 mg/g would be the optimal cut-off for detecting microalbuminuria in Senegalese sickle cell anemia patients.
Deep Learning Social Filtering Model for Event Recommendation Services
Authors: Oyemade David , Aworonye Linda
Published: June 2024

In the contemporary time, technology has made the determination and discovery of human preferences, priorities and personal inclinations possible through the use of recommender systems. Activities of users on the internet can be monitored, extracted, stored, analyzed and used by the recommender systems for suggesting future events to users on the web. This paper aims at developing and analyzing a model for event services recommendation for visitors to events. Event seekers, organizers and event service providers get notified, plan and book for upcoming events from their comfort zones without hassles of gallivanting nooks and crannies to enquire about prospective events. There is not any compelling need to interface with under-enthusiasts and intermediaries in the course of organizing, visiting and providing services for an event. However, it is obvious that massive amount of available information on the web exhibit frustrating attributes, hence it is increasingly a difficult task for users to find the content of interest; in other words, a huge chunk of information undiscovered on the network is left behind as “dark information”. In context, event service recommendation uses deep learning social filtering base techniques which adopt similarity computation measures with a bias for Pearson correlation coefficient, cosine similarity, and Euclidean similarity to recommend related and most relevant events/services to the targeted online audience. In this paper, the aim is to develop a deep learning model which integrates social filtering technique for enhancing the quality of event recommendation for users. A model based on the deep learning algorithm of multilayered perceptron and Neural Collaborative Filtering is proposed for event recommender services. The results from various simulations using meetup website dataset shows that the proposed model performs better than other techniques. The results yield 70% accuracy, 66% precision and 98% recall.
Design and Construction of an Anaerobic Digester for the Ingestion of Waste from the Cocoa Industry in Nigeria
Authors: Iluno Nzubechukwu , Akhigbe Aigbomain , Namene Mene , Worgu Annabel , Inwang Churchill , Okpala Paul
Published: June 2024

The Anaerobic Digester designed and constructed for waste ingestion from the Nigerian cocoa industry aims to harness abundant renewable energy from crop residues like cocoa rinds and groundnuts. This study evaluates the biogas potential of these sources in contributing to the country's overall energy needs, emphasizing the imperative for environmental sustainability. Focusing on reducing fossil energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and minimizing environmental impact, the project advocates for a shift towards biogas for day-to-day energy requirements, presenting direct cost savings. The utilization of fossil fuel-derived energy is known to contribute to temperature increase, greenhouse gas emissions, noise pollution, and ground-level air pollution, all of which can be mitigated through biogas utilization. This initiative involves the design and construction of a 0.24m3 pilot plastic fossil plant for biogas generation, aiming to "green" various applications, including domestic and industrial usage as well as transportation. The digester, constructed from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic, demonstrates leak-free operation, further supporting its potential for long-term sustainability. Results from a 28-day retention period show a cumulative biogas yield, with a daily assessment indicating a gas yield of 0.0496 m3 on the 12th day. The study highlights the positive and negative influences of temperature inequality gradients ≥34°C≤38°C on biogas production. This comprehensive research contributes valuable insights for the sustainable management of waste and the utilization of biogas as a viable alternative energy source.
Experiential Learning Through Gamification in Interior Architecture and Design
Authors: Mehelmy Dina , Zeini Ingy
Published: June 2024

Millennials and post-millennials demand alternative educational models, leading educators to adopt Experiential Learning (ExL) theory, which acknowledges ludicity in learning spaces. ExL is the subject of a growing body of research to date. Gamification is recognized to enhance student engagement and academic success. This research aims to investigate gamified activities tailored to Interior Architecture and Design (IAD) education. An exploratory approach is used to review the potential of gamification as a tool to achieve ExL contributing to students’ learning experience. A literature review lays a foundation for ExL theory and gamification. Pilot ExL-based gamified activities conducted on year 1 IAD students at Coventry University - Egypt, are documented using thick description based on participant observations, which inform the potential and drawbacks of each gamified activity. Thematic analysis is conducted to attain the research findings. The findings are reviewed by two methods, superimposing the pilot gamified activities collectively on the ExL cycle to confirm students interacted with the four modes of the cycle. Second is by assessing the activities according to their design considerations including educational, time-related, collaboration-setting, and operational considerations. Findings subsequently yield guidelines for educators supporting the design of gamified activities. This is to aid IAD educators in establishing ExL by infusing their curricula with gamified activities matching the educational expectations and needs of today’s students, without diverting from desired content. Results reveal that there is a direct correlation between the effective planning of a gamified activity following the derived design considerations and the completion of the ExL cycle.
Review on Status of Tomato Leaf Miner and It’s Management Practices
Authors: Tesso Zalalem
Published: June 2024

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most important edible and nutritious vegetable crops of the world. It is consumed as fresh table tomato and as raw material for food processing industries It grows both on a small and commercial large scale as cash crop. Tomato production is highly constrained by several factors including insect pests and disease. The most important insect pest that is constraining tomato production tomato leaf miner- Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). Tuta absoluta is one of the most devastating tomato leaf miner and it spreads extensively in almost all parts of the world. Tomato leaf miner is a pest of other Solanaceous crops in many vegetable crop growing areas around the world. It is a serious threat for tomato production and it results in highest damage. T. absoluta has fast growth rate with developmental stages of egg, larvae, pupa, and adult and it adapts to different environmental conditions. A larva is the most destructive one that consumes preferably leaves stems and fruits of the tomato plant on which they develop creating mines and galleries. by hiding within mesophyll of the plant tissues. To control tuta absoluta focused on different environmental friendly approaches that inclusively termed as IPM strategies. These are cultural practices, biopesticides, and biological using parasitoids, predators, inheritance sterility development in insect and pest resistant plant cultivar production are considered as promising alternatives to control T. absoluta. Therefore, this review briefly describes the current status of these methods used to design suitable and sustainable management strategies against T. absoluta. The aim of this review paper is describing the status of the pest and its control methods.
Value Chain in the Production of Sacha Inchi Oil (Plukenetia volubilis L.) in Cuba
Authors: Hernández María , Domínguez Mabel , Olmedo Justo , Botino Yadira , Fajardo Yuliamny , Pérez Marisol
Published: June 2024

The seeds of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) contain vitamins, tocopherols and fatty acids, and are a natural source of omegas 3, 6 and 9. The crop was introduced in Cuba in 2016, by the Research Center on Proteic Plants and Bionatural Products (CIPB) and has been extended to currently reach 120 ha. Since 2019, a group from CIPB has been working to extract the oil from the seeds, which has proven nutritional values, pharmacological effects and safety, and also on its marketing. The aim was analyze the results of application of manage model as value chain during the two first years to produce Sacha Inchi oil in Cuba. The management model with a value chain approach, as an organizational innovation, favored the development of completely new products and the use of wastes from the main process, which is extracting the oil. In the different links of the chain, known technologies and process and product innovations have been applied. In the productive and commercial activity, the co-innovation with the National Center for Scientific Research (CNIC) stands out, by achieving a productive chain, which guarantees the production of soft oil capsules, which offers greater reliability and attractive appearance compared to other pharmaceutical forms. Reference is made to the experimental evidence that supports the Standard Operating Procedures, to the economic benefits for national sales and exports, to the social impacts and the environmental perspective. All of the above constitutes a scientific novelty for Cuba, since it is the first time that Sacha Inchi is cultivated, industrial oil is obtained from its seeds and it is marketed in the country.