bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to determine the amount of levator resection in congenital ptosis repair
Authors: Hamadamin Muhamed , Fattah Jalal
Published: April 2021

Background and objective: Levator aponeurosis resection is an effective technique to correct blepharoptosis when the levator function is fair to good. This study aimed to determine the amount of levator resection in congenital blepharoptosis repair. Methods: This is a prospective case series study conducted in Rizgary teaching hospital and private hospitals in Erbil city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, from June 2011 to August 2019. The data of 53 patients (64 eyelids) affected by congenital blepharoptosis with poor to good levator function that underwent unilateral orbilateral levator resection blepharoptosis repair through the standard approach were included. The final outcome measures included postoperative eyelid height, contour, and symmetry. Results: This study includes a total of 53 patients with congenital blepharoptosis (64 eyelids); 20 males and 33 females. The age of the patients ranged from 3 years to 54 years, with a mean age ± SD of 14.11 ± 10.66 years. The ptosis was right sided in 22 patients (41.5%), left sided in 20 patients (37.7%), and bilateral in 11 patients (20.8%). The study showed good patient satisfaction in 66.03% of the cases, suboptimal satisfaction in 22.64% of the cases, and poor satisfaction in 11.32% of the cases. Conclusion: The levator resection for congenital ptosis is effective even with poor levator function and replaced in our practice the traditional fascial sling. We recommend that further studies be done on a larger number of patients to investigate the effectiveness of levator resection in patients with severe ptosis and very poor levator function. Keywords: Congenital blepharoptosis; Levator aponeurosis; Levator resection; Levator resection.
Sickle cell disease and the adherence to guidelines for the use of blood transfusions in Duhok, Kurdistan, Iraq
Authors: Jameel Fahad , Sadeeq Adnan
Published: April 2021

Background and objective: One of the important health problems in Duhok city, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, is sickle cell disease. Blood transfusion remains a significant therapeutic intervention in patients with sickle cell disease that reduces complications related to vaso-occlusions. This study aimed to assess compliance to guidelines for the use of blood transfusionsin Duhok, Kurdistan, Iraq. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included 135 patients with sickle cell disease registered at Jeen center of pediatric hematological diseases in Duhok, Kurdistan, Iraq. Between April 1st and July 31st, 2019, 205 medical visits of sickle cell disease were registered. Every patient was evaluated to record the clinical setting and explanations behind visiting and indications for transfusion. Results: Of 135 patients,65.9% had sickle cell anemia (HbSS disease), 33.3% had sickle beta thalassemia, and one patient (0.7%) had Sickle/D disease. A total of 205 medical visits of sickle cell disease were registered with 84 blood transfusion decisions. The most common indicated guideline reasons for transfusion were symptomatic anemia and acute hemolytic crisis with a drop of hemoglobin >2 g/dl below steady state hemoglobin and severe painful crisis only accounted for 38.1%. Conclusion: In this study of patients with sickle cell disease, most blood transfusions were not indicated according to the transfusion guidelines (British Committee for Standards in Haematology – BCSH, 2017). Keywords: Transfusion guidelines for sickle cell disease (BCSH 2017); Sickle cell disease; Iraq.
Hydrocortisone dosing in children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: results of the German/Austrian registry
Authors: Hoyer-Kuhn Heike , Huebner Angela , Richter-Unruh Anette , Bettendorf Markus , Rohrer Tilman , Kapelari Klaus , Riedl Stefan , Mohnike Klaus , Dörr Helmuth-Günther , Roehl Friedrich-Wilhelm , Fink Katharina , Holl Reinhard W , Woelfle Joachim
Published: April 2021

Objective

Treatment of classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is necessary to compensate for glucocorticoid/mineralocorticoid deficiencies and to suppress androgen excess. Hydrocortisone (HC) is preferred in growing children with classic CAH but recommendations regarding dosage/administration are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate HC dosing in children with CAH in relation to chronological age, sex, and phenotype based on a multicenter CAH registry.

Design

The CAH registry was initiated in 1997 by the AQUAPE in Germany. On December 31st 2018, data from 1571 patients were included.

Methods

A custom-made electronic health record software is used at the participating centers. Pseudonymized data are transferred for central analysis. Parameters were selected based on current guidelines. Descriptive analyses and linear regression models were implemented with SAS 9.4.

Results

We identified 1288 patients on exclusive treatment with hydrocortisone three times daily (604 boys; median age 7.2 years; 817 salt-wasting phenotype, 471 simple-virilizing phenotype). The mean (lower-upper quartiles) daily HC dose (mg/m² body surface area) was 19.4 (18.9–19.8) for patients <3 months (n = 329), 15.0 (14.6–15.3) for age ≥3–12 months (n = 463), 14.0 (13.7–14.3) for age 1–5.9 years (n = 745), 14.2 (14.0–14.5) for age 6 years to puberty entry (n = 669), and 14.9 (14.6–15.2) during puberty to 18 years (n = 801). Fludrocortisone was administered in 74.1% of patients with a median daily dosage of 88.8 µg.

Conclusion

Our analyses showed that still a high proportion of children are treated with HC doses higher than recommended. This evaluation provides comprehensive information on nationwide hydrocortisone substitution dosages in children with CAH underlining the benefit of systematic data within a registry to assess daily practice.
Clinical features and outcomes of adrenal schwannoma: a study of 13 cases from a single centre
Authors: Huang Henghai , Ding Qijian , Lin Xiaocao , Li Delin , Zeng Jingjing , Fu Weijin
Published: April 2021

Background

Adrenal schwannomas (AS) are extremely rare neoplasms. This study shares our experience regarding the diagnosis and operative management of AS.

Methods

Clinical details, radiologic, laboratory, and pathologic findings as well as follow-up data were analysed retrospectively for 13 AS patients who accepted surgery at a tertiary referral hospital in China between 1 January 1996, and 31 December 2017.

Results

The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 44.7 ± 13.7 years (range 19–62 years; male: female ratio, 1:1.16), of whom seven patients had unilateral AS on the right side, and the remaining six on the left side. None of the cases were hormonally active. None of the 13 cases were diagnosed as AS by CT imaging before the operation. Among the patients, ten were asymptomatic. The mean preoperative size was 7.1 ± 3.2 cm (range 1.6–12.6 cm). All patients underwent surgery, with open adrenalectomy in five patients and laparoscopy in eight patients. The mean tumor size on pathologic examination was 6.8 ± 3.0 cm (range 3.0–11.7 cm). The surgical specimens were confirmed by pathological examination. During a median follow-up of 60.8 ± 17.7 months, no patients showed recurrence or metastasis.

Conclusion

The preoperative diagnosis of AS remains difficult despite the advances in imaging examinations. After complete resection, the prognosis of AS is excellent.
ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN PROTETİK DİŞ TEDAVİSİ UZMANLIĞI HAKKINDAKİ GÖRÜŞLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KAPTI Yakup , ÖZDOĞAN Alper
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi’nde 2018/2019 akademik döneminde eğitim gören öğrencilerin Protetik Diş Tedavisi uzmanlığı hakkındaki görüşlerini değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler:22 sorudan oluşan bir anket 1-5. sınıfta eğitim gören 491 öğrenciye uygulandı. Anket soruları Protetik Diş Tedavisinin preklinik, klinik ve teorik eğitimine yönelik sorular ve bazı faktörlere göre diğer uzmanlık dallarına göre sıralama isteyen sorulardan oluşmaktadır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde deskriptif, frekans analizleri, crosstabs ve independent sample t testi kullanıldı.Bulgular:Protetik Diş Tedavisi uzmanlığı ile ilgili görüşlerin öğrencilerin yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim dönemine göre farklılık göstermediği görüldü (p >0.05). Protetik Diş Tedavisinin tüm faktörler eşliğinde değerlendirildiğinde tercih sırasının ortalama olarak 3.11 olduğu bulundu. Sonuç: Protetik Diş Tedavisi uzmanlığı ile ilgili düşüncelerin genel olarak olumlu ve tercih edilme durumunun iyi bir yerde olduğu sonucuna varıldı.Sonuçlar:Anahtar Kelimeler:Diş Hekimliği, Protetik Diş Tedavisi, Uzmanlık.
ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÇOCUK İSTİSMARI İLE İLGİLİ BİLGİ VE TUTUMLARI
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Hüsniye , KIZILAY Fatmanur , ÖZTÜRK Gülce , KIZILCI Esra
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Çocuk istismarı günümüzün en önemli sosyal problemleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin çocuklarda istismara ilişkin bilgi ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Erciyes Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi’nde 2019 yılında eğitim gören birinci, ikinci, üçüncü, dördüncü ve beşinci sınıf öğrencileri olmak üzere toplamda 483 öğrenci dahil edilmiştir. Öğrencilere çocuk istismarının fiziksel ve sosyal belirtilerinin tanımı, yasal ve etik sorumlulukları hakkında farkındalıkları ve öğrencilerin talepleri ile ilgili sorular içeren bir anket formu yöneltilmiş ve elde edilen veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ile ki-kare testi kullanılmış ve p<0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin tamamı (% 100) anket formunu doldurmuştur. Öğrencilerin soruları doğru yanıtlama oranları sırasıyla birinci sınıflar % 68,9, ikinci sınıflar % 69,8, üçüncü sınıflar % 74,2, dördüncü sınıflar % 76,4 ve beşinci sınıflar % 79,7 şeklindedir. Üçüncü, dördüncü ve beşinci sınıfların doğru cevap oranları birinci ve ikinci sınıflardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksektir (p<0,05). Öğrencilerin çoğunluğu çocuk istismarı hakkında ileri eğitime ihtiyaç duyduklarını belirtmişlerdir.
Sonuç: Diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin şüpheli çocuk istismarı vakalarının teşhis ve raporlanması ile ilgili eğitim gereksinimleri karşılanmalıdır.
Üniversitelere ait İnternet Web Sitelerinin Ortodonti Hastaları İçin Sağladığı Bilgi Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Taner
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversitelere ait web sitelerinin ortodontik bilgi kaynağı yönünden kalitesini ve içeriğini değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Google arama motoru ile “diş hekimliği fakültesi” anahtar kelimesi kullanılarak 2020 yılı Nisan ayı sonunda bir internet araması yapılmıştır. Arama sonrasında ilk 60 üniversite diş hekimliği fakültesi web sitesi değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca ilk 15 devlet ve vakıf üniversitesine ait diş hekimliği fakültesi ortodonti web sitesi değerlendirilerek karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Bu web sitelerinin sağladığı bilginin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla üç farklı değerlendirme metodu (JAMA, DISCERN ve EQIP) kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar ortalama skor puanları, yüzdeler ve aralıklar olarak verilmiştir. İstatistiksel değerlendirme amacıyla Shapiro-Wilks ve Mann Whitney-U testleri kullanılmış ve istatistiksel anlamlılık değeri p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir.

Bulgular: JAMA kriterlerine göre yazarlık (%95) ve Patent hakkı (%98.3) ilkelerine en çok uyulurken, açıklama ilkesinin (%3.3) en düşük seviyede yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. DISCERN kriterlerine göre yapılan değerlendirmede Bölüm 1 skorunun 19.4  9.37, Bölüm 2 skorunun 13.8  7.94, Bölüm 3 skorunun 1.98  1.23 ve toplam skorun 35.28  17.84 olduğu belirlenmiştir. DISCERN kriterlerine göre web sitelerinin bilgi sağlama kalitesi düşüktür. EQIP kriterlerine göre yapılan değerlendirmede toplam skor %32,81  24.64 olarak elde edilirken skorların en fazla oranda hayır cevabı aldığı belirlenmiştir. Web sitelerinin genel olarak bilgi sağlama kalitesi düşük olmak ile birlikte eksiklikleri şöyleydi: bilginin amaçlarından, kaynaklarından ve üretim sürelerinden bahsedilmemektedir.

Sonuçlar: Güncel bilgilerin ve tedavilerin sağlanması için bilimsel yöntemlerin takip edildiği ve uygulandığı üniversite hastanelerine ait web sitelerin hastaların kaliteli ve doğru bilgi alabilmesi için sürekli ve belirli kriterlere göre düzenlenmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
UZMAN DİŞ HEKİMLERİNİN TÜKENMİŞLİK DÜZEYLERİ
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Seçil , ÖZDEMİR Canan , TÜLOĞLU Nuray , BAYRAK Şule
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; uzman diş hekimlerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerini ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemek ve uzman olmayan diş hekimleri ile karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: İnternet aracılığıyla ulaşılan diş hekimlerine sosyo-demografik özelliklerini, tükenmişlik ile ilişkili faktörlerini ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeğini (MBI) içeren anket formu uygulandı. Gizlilik nedeniyle, isim veya diğer kişisel bilgiler kaydedilmedi ve çalışmaya kendi rızaları ile katılmayı kabul eden hekimler dâhil edildi. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel değerlendirmesi SPSS 22.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, ABD) programı kullanılarak; tanımlayıcı istatistikler, ki-kare, Kruskal Wallis ve Kolmogorov-Simirnov testleri ile yapıldı. Bulgular: İnternet üzerinden ulaşılan 222 diş hekiminden, anketi eksiksiz dolduran 182 (% 82) diş hekimi çalışma grubuna dâhil edildi. Hekimlerin 97'si uzman (% 53.3), 85'i genel diş hekimi (% 46.7) idi. Çalışmamıza katılan uzman diş hekimlerinin % 32.0’si ile genel diş hekimlerinin % 28.2’sinde tükenmişlik tespit edildi. Tükenmişliğin en fazla tespit edildiği uzmanlık dalı Endodonti, en az tespit edildiği uzmanlık dalı ise Ortodonti olarak tespit edildi. Uzmanlık dalını istemeyerek seçen uzman diş hekimlerinde mesleki tükenmişlik oranı, isteyerek seçenlere göre yaklaşık 7 kat daha yüksek bulundu. Sonuç: Genel diş hekimlerinin ve uzman diş hekimlerinin mesleki tükenmişlikleri güncel bir sorun olmakla birlikte, hekimlerin tükenmişlik düzeylerini azaltmak için olumsuz çalışma ortamlarının ve fiziki koşullarının daha sağlıklı hale getirilmesi, tükenmişlikle baş etmeye yönelik eğitim programlarının uygulanması gerektiği kanısındayız.
Evaluación de dos cursos modulares en la Universidad de Costa Rica a partir de la conceptualización de la flexibilidad curricular en la educación superio
Authors: Fallas-Rodríguez Diana , Guido-Granados Ismael
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Evaluar el desarrollo de las unidades didácticas Gestión de la vida silvestre y Problemas ambientales y soluciones sostenibles, de la carrera de bachillerato en Gestión de Recursos Naturales de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), a partir de la conceptualización de la flexibilidad curricular en esta institución. Metodología: Se trató de una investigación cualitativa con perspectiva fenomenológica hermenéutica. La población permitió comprender el ambiente y el problema con una muestra no probabilística. La información se recopiló del personal docente de los cursos, el estudiantado matriculado, y los documentos relacionados con la normatividad en cuanto flexibilidad curricular dentro de la UCR. Las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron el análisis documental y la entrevista semiestructurada. El análisis de la información se realizó desde la triangulación hermenéutica. Resultados: No se reconoce la flexibilidad curricular desde el concepto universitario, el personal docente y estudiantes no identifican la plataforma de mediación virtual como oficial, y se presenta un enfoque positivista a criterio del personal docente; pero el estudio encontró un impulso del enfoque constructivista. Conclusiones: La flexibilidad curricular ha nacido de las mismas unidades académicas para implementar en sus actividades sistemas flexibles dentro del proceso didáctico, lo que hizo necesario normar la flexibilidad curricular, posterior al uso de módulos en la carrera. La Universidad necesita una divulgación de sus propias tendencias o concepciones al respecto de la flexibilidad, así como una reflexión o discusión de los alcances de esta dentro de la praxis pedagógica.
Diseño y validación de una escala de relevancia competencial motivacional del libro de texto de ciencias
Authors: Romero-Fernández Raquel , De las Heras-Pérez María De los Ángeles , Sáenz-López-Buñuel Pedro , Fernández-Ozcorta Eduardo José
Published: April 2021

Introducción. La falta de motivación en la educación científica es cada vez más preocupante. Muchas y variadas investigaciones han intentado, desde el enfoque de la teoría de la autodeterminación, aproximarse a comprender mejor la motivación, mediante el estudio de diferentes variables contextuales. Entre estas variables, el libro de texto es un elemento especialmente relevante, dada su importante presencia en las aulas y su, en principio, carácter competencial que, supuestamente, lo convierte en un recurso motivador. Objetivo. Por ello, se ha pretendido diseñar y validar una escala para medir la relevancia que tiene el libro de texto de ciencias, desde esta perspectiva competencial motivacional, para el alumnado con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y 14 años. Metodología. El diseño se realizó tomando como referencia el marco teórico existente y para su validación se ha recurrido a una metodología de carácter cuantitativa, mediante una técnica de encuesta. Resultados. El análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio reveló la existencia de un único factor y consiguió unos índices de ajuste adecuados. Asimismo, el instrumento mostró una adecuada consistencia interna, estabilidad temporal, fiabilidad compuesta y validez convergente. Finalmente, las correlaciones positivas y significativas obtenidas con las motivaciones educativas, así como a la inversa con la desmotivación, evidenciaron la validez del instrumento externamente. Conclusiones. En consecuencia, se concluyó que la escala era válida y fiable.
Evaluación de factores organizacionales en la implementación de proyectos integradores de saberes en el segundo nivel de la Carrera de Ingeniería Química
Authors: Pérez-Parra Jean Carlos , Useche-Castro Lelly María , Riera María Antonieta , Batista-Zaldívar Mario Adelfo , Torres-Puentes Julio Cesar , Cano-De Torres Yulixis Nohemi
Published: April 2021

In the academic period of October 2017 to February 2018, integrated knowledge projects were carried out for the first time in the second level of the Chemical Engineering career at the Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM). At the end of this academic period, 66% of the students did not reach the minimum qualification necessary to consider the integrating knowledge projects as approved. This research aimed to evaluate if the organizational factors to be taken into account when implementing learning strategies based on problem-solving were considered during the mentioned academic period, such as integrating knowledge projects. This study was conducted by implementing two instruments designed to collect information, one for the teaching staff and the other one for the students. Among the evaluated aspects are the number of students per workgroup and per course, criteria for group formation, the definition of the topic of the integrating knowledge projects, identification of the problem to be solved, support through tutorials, cooperative learning, teachers trained in integrating knowledge projects, among others are highlighted. When the collected information was compared with other studies carried out in this matter, it was found that several of the aspects evaluated in this study were not established in correspondence with learning through integrating knowledge projects. Among the obtained results stands out the need for the UTM to have a normative framework for implementing the integrating knowledge projects in which the evaluated aspects are adapted to teaching based on problem-solving, and prior training is considered mandatory for both teachers and students in this learning strategy.
Evaluación del desarrollo de la jornada escolar extendida en centros educativos del Nivel Primario
Authors: Chaljub-Hasbún Jeanette , Medina Dalys , Pozo Úrsula
Published: April 2021

Este estudio ha sido financiado por la Universidad del Caribe (UNICARIBE) y el objetivo general es evaluar las condiciones en las que se está desarrollando la jornada escolar extendida (JEE) en el Segundo Ciclo del Nivel Primario de la República Dominicana. Entre los objetivos específicos se encuentran: identificar el uso y gestión de los espacios en los centros con JEE; analizar la gestión del tiempo pedagógico y evaluar el perfil del docente responsable de las actividades en la tanda vespertina. Esta investigación se enmarcó dentro del enfoque mixto, con alcance descriptivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 18 docentes, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta, distribuidos entre los 5 centros participantes, con sus respectivas directoras. A estas últimas se les realizó una entrevista. Los datos obtenidos permitieron llegar a la conclusión de que la mayoría del personal docente participante afirma que no existen los espacios adecuados para el desarrollo de los talleres en JEE. Por lo tanto, no se puede cumplir a cabalidad con los resultados esperados en esta modalidad y no se realizan actividades productivas que apunten a optimizar los aprendizajes durante el período vespertino. Entre las oportunidades de mejora podemos citar que tanto directoras entrevistadas como docentes participantes sostienen que es muy importante la correcta planificación de talleres o cursos optativos focalizados en actividades significativas para la formación del estudiantado, incluyendo una apropiada gestión del tiempo y espacio en el centro escolar.
ЕКОНОМІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ЛЮДЕЙ ЛІТНЬОГО ВІКУ
Authors: МОРТІКОВ Віталій
Published: April 2021

Економічна активність людей похилого віку стає дедалі актуальнішою разом із старінням населення та подовженням строків навчання молоді. Особи літнього віку мають досвід, знання, які є важливою складовою людського капіталу сучасних організацій та країн у цілому. Тим часом, в Україні, відповідно до даних статистики, економічна активність людей похилого віку за період 2008–2018 рр. істотно знизилася. Найбільше літніх працівників серед фахівців і представників найпростіших професій. Дані щодо зареєстрованої статистикою економічної активності літніх людей по регіонах України слабо корелюють із ситуацією на регіональних ринках праці. Це пояснюється, зокрема, значною тіньовою складовою зайнятості даної вікової категорії людей.Існують як позитивні, так і негативні сторони економічної активності літніх людей. Незважаючи на переваги використання праці літніх осіб – вони конкурують за робочі місця з представниками активного трудового віку, – їхнє залучення коштує роботодавцям дорожче. З огляду на це, регулювання використання людського ресурсу літніх працівників є необхідним для підтримання трудового балансу в країні в цілому, а також у регіонах та окремих організаціях. З’ясовано, на які рішення літніх людей держава може впливати: вихід на пенсію раніше нормального строку виходу; вихід після досягнення цього віку; продовження економічної активності за межами пенсійного віку, тобто пізніший вихід на пенсію.Інструментами впливу на економічну активність людей похилого віку виступають пенсійна система, створення робочих місць з урахуванням інтересів літніх працівників, підвищення якості їхньої роботи, протидія дискримінації за віком. Показано, що зміни в пенсійній системі України у 2017 р. сприяють активізації економічної діяльності осіб передпенсійного та пенсійного віку.
КРИМІНАЛЬНО-ПРАВОВИЙ ТА КРИМІНАЛЬНИЙ ПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНИЙ ЗАХИСТ ПРАВ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ
Authors: Maryniv Volodymyr , Demura Maryna
Published: April 2021

Вступ. Право на захист інтелектуальної власності з’являється у його власника в момент порушення або оспорювання його прав та охоронюваних законом інтересів і реалізується в рамках цивільних, кримінальних та адміністративних правовідносин, які виникли при цьому.Проблематика. Під час реалізації права на захист інтелектуальної власності у сфері кримінального права та кримінального процесу постає питання реалізації гарантій прав особи.Мета. Вивчення гарантій прав особи, які реалізуються під час захисту прав інтелектуальної власності у кримінальному провадженні.Матеріали й методи. Інформаційну основу дослідження склали законодавство України та міжнародно-правові акти;методологічну — діалектичний, системний, логічний методи, а також метод порівняльного правознавства.
Результати. Визначено гарантії забезпечення прав потерпілого від кримінального правопорушення, пов’язаного із порушенням прав інтелектуальної власності.Висновки. Специфічними гарантіями забезпечення прав потерпілого від кримінального правопорушення, пов’язаного із порушенням прав інтелектуальної власності є 1) право подачі заяви, повідомлення про кримінальне правопорушення, подання цивільного позову про відшкодування шкоди, завданої внаслідок кримінального правопорушення, право укладення угоди про примирення; 2) реалізація потерпілим свого права на подачу заяви, повідомленняпро вчинене щодо неї кримінальне правопорушення породжує правовий наслідок — початок кримінального провадження; 3) обов’язок слідчого, прокурора внести відповідні відомості до Єдиного реєстру досудових розслідувань, розпочати розслідування; обов’язок суду — розглянути цивільний позов та прийняти рішення по ньому та інші обов’язки, які забезпечують реалізацію потерпілим своїх прав; 4) встановлення у кримінальному процесуальному законі відповідальності за невиконання обов’язків щодо забезпечення прав та законних інтересів учасників кримінального провадження.
Cardiovascular response to physical exercise and the risk of Internet addiction in 15–16-year-old adolescents
Authors: Poskotinova Liliya V. , Krivonogova Olga V. , Zaborsky Oleg S.
Published: April 2021

Background and aim

Subjective symptoms of Internet addiction (IA), such as interpersonal and health-related problems (IH-RP), do not correlate with objective physiological parameters. This study aimed to investigate the cardiovascular reactivity after physical exercise in 15–16-year-old adolescents showing different severities of symptoms of health-related problems due to Internet overuse.

Methods

This study included 20 healthy adolescents (boys, 15–16 years) with different risks of IA (by the Chen internet addiction scale [CIAS]). The physical exercise test was to perform a standing broad jump three times. The arterial blood pressures and heart rates were recorded before, immediately after, and at 4 minutes of rest after exercise.

Results and discussion

The total sample of adolescents was divided into two groups, that is, those with IH-RP scores of 12 or less (Group I, n = 12) and those scoring more than 12 points (Group II, n = 8). The diastolic blood pressure significantly increased after exercise in group II, whereas it remained stable in group I. The heart rate in group I tended to increase, but the changes were not statistically significant. Group II adolescents showed significant increases in heart rate, and at rest, this parameter was significantly higher than the baseline value.

Conclusions

Adolescents with a risk of IA and severe symptoms of interpersonal and health-related problems had increased sympathetic activity during and after speed-strength physical exercise compared to those without the aforementioned symptoms.
De cantor a maestro: viagens e horizontes (auto)biográficos do barítono Raimundo Pereira
Authors: Monti Ednardo Monteiro Gonzaga do , Conduru Roberto Luís Torres , Oliveira Marcia Pereira de
Published: April 2021

RESUMO Este artigo objetiva compreender a relação entre migrações e viagens na formação musical e artística de Raimundo Pereira, por meio de reflexões sobre a (auto)biografia “Muito prazer: sirva-se Raimundo Pereira Confidencial”, publicada em 2004, articulada com entrevistas realizadas com dois docentes, um poeta e um músico - pessoas que perpassaram a vida desse sujeito. Nesta perspectiva, interroga-se: como o estudante negro ampliou e consolidou suas redes de sociabilidade em movimentos migratórios? Como se deu sua formação artística em viagens? Como as narrativas (auto)biográficas do cantor gay apresentam-se como táticas de res(ex)istência e empoderamento? A partir dos documentos escritos e orais, foi possível interpretar que, embora o barítono não assine o livro e nem use o recurso da escrita delegada, o próprio ato de narrar uma (auto)biografia, suas migrações e viagens, configura-se num gesto de afirmação, resistência e empoderamento do uso de sua voz para além do ato de cantar.
Reflexões conceituais e metodológicas sobre o “barroco” das biografias
Authors: Coutinho Priscila de Oliveira
Published: April 2021

RESUMO Pretendo neste texto apresentar reflexões conceituais e metodológicas produzidas em pesquisa de doutorado que se dedicou à reconstrução sociológica da trajetória de uma mulher, trânsfuga de classe, chamada Juscelina. A pesquisa teve duração de 16 meses, dentro dos quais foram realizadas entrevistas, pesquisa em variados tipos de documentos e incursões etnográficas. Dos muitos desafios da investigação, apresento aqui duas questões que se articulam. A primeira refere-se à utilização do conceito de trânsfuga. A segunda discute o valor sociológico da pesquisa biográfica. Praticando o artesanato intelectual que constrói explicações no entrelaçamento entre a pesquisa de campo e a literatura das ciências sociais, exponho o processo que me levou a considerar produtivo o conceito de trânsfuga para o caso em análise, e argumento que as críticas do campo sociológico ao método biográfico, exemplarmente sintetizadas no clássico “A Ilusão Biográfica”, de Pierre Bourdieu, devem ser relativizadas em consideração às maneiras como se procede em cada investigação empírica. Para tanto, me valho da minha experiência e dos argumentos de Schwartz (1990) e Lahire (2010). Concluo que as pesquisas biográficas em ciências sociais não precisam subsumir os relatos pessoais às dimensões estruturais que também explicam a trajetória (origem social e geográfica, cor, gênero, nível de escolaridade, etc.), mas sim articular a riqueza barroca das visões de si, das relações construídas e do mundo observado e vivido à reconstrução dos constrangimentos estruturais que pavimentam os percursos individuais.
Dialética temporal na narrativa de uma vida com uma doença rara
Authors: Raimondi Martine Janner
Published: April 2021

RESUMO O presente artigo visa identificar as dinâmicas dialéticas temporais e as tensões presentes na narrativa pessoal, na narração de histórias e nos processos de compreensão de si mesmo e do mundo que são revelados na autobiografia (DELORY-MOMBERGER, 2014) de narrativas solicitadas a pacientes voluntários, portadores de uma doença autoimune rara: lúpus eritematoso sistêmico e esclerodermia, escritas por eles mesmos. Na esteira dos trabalhos de Tourette-Turgis (2013) e de Flora (2013), esta pesquisa, denominada E-Fom Innov (2016-2018) e liderada pelo Prof. Farge-Bancel, deu voz às pessoas envolvidas para poder compreender as experiências de uma vida com uma doença rara. É no âmbito da fenomenologia inspirada em Husserl (1964; 1980), particularmente na sua concepção de dinâmica do tempo (PICARD, 2009), do trabalho de Ricoeur (1985; 2005) e de Romano (1999) sobre as questões de tempo narrado e eventos, que a dialética temporal em ação na narrativa em primeira pessoa será examinada. Assim, no processo de patologização indo da anormalidade à doença, vamos examinar o(s) papel(is) do tempo diante da inquietude do eu, antes de concluir com uma redefinição do cuidado (WORMS, 2014).
External iliac artery endofibrosis in an elite female endurance cyclist
Authors: Bilman Victor , Rinaldi Enrico , Sanvito Francesca , Melissano Germano , Chiesa Roberto
Published: April 2021

Abstract External iliac artery endofibrosis is a rare pathology that affects high-level endurance athletes, especially cyclists. Classical symptoms include pain, loss of power, and/or cramp in the affected limb while training at maximal effort. The patient’s lack of atherosclerotic risk factors makes clinical suspicion of arteriopathy challenging. Moreover, the best management of such patients is still a subject of discussion. We report the case of a 36-year-old professional female endurance cyclist who presented with lower extremity pain during training. Right external iliac artery endofibrosis was diagnosed and the patient underwent surgical treatment. At two-months follow-up, she reported significant improvement in symptoms. This case highlights the importance of diagnosing peripheral vascular disease in young patients and athletes, who do not fit the ordinary profile of patients with atherosclerotic risk factors.
Intercalated Cell Subtypes in Connecting Tubule and Cortical Collecting Duct of Rat and Mouse
Authors: KIM JIN , KIM YOUNG-HEE , CHA JUNG-HO , TISHER C. CRAIG , MADSEN KIRSTEN M.
Published: April 2021

At least two populations of intercalated cells, type A and type B, exist in the connecting tubule (CNT), initial collecting tubule (ICT), and cortical collecting duct (CCD). Type A intercalated cells secrete protons via an apical H+ - ATPase and reabsorb bicarbonate by a band 3-like Cl-/HCO3
- exchanger, AE1, located in the basolateral plasma membrane. Type B intercalated cells secrete bicarbonate by an apical Cl-/HCO3
- exchanger that is distinct from AE1 and remains to be identified. They express H+ -ATPase in the basolateral plasma membrane and in vesicles throughout the cytoplasm. A third type of intercalated cell with apical H+ -ATPase, but no AE1, has been described in the CNT and CCD of both rat and mouse. The prevalence of the third cell type is not known. The aim of this study was to characterize and quantify intercalated cell subtypes, including the newly described third non A-non B cell, in the CNT, ICT, and CCD of the rat and mouse. A triple immunolabeling procedure was developed in which antibodies to H+ -ATPase and band 3 protein were used to identify subpopulations of intercalated cells, and segment-specific antibodies were used to identify distal tubule and collecting duct segments. In both rat and mouse, intercalated cells constituted approximately 40% of the cells in the CNT, ICT, and CCD. Type A, type B, and non A-non B intercalated cells were observed in all of the three segments, with type A cells being the most prevalent in both species. In the mouse, however, non A-non B cells constituted more than half of the intercalated cells in the CNT, 39% in the ICT, and 22% in the CCD, compared with 14, 7, and 5%, respectively, in the rat. In contrast, type B intercalated cells accounted for only 8 to 16% of the intercalated cells in the three segments in the mouse compared with 26 to 39% in the rat. It is concluded that striking differences exist in the prevalence and distribution of the different types of intercalated cells in the CNT, ICT, and CCD of rat and mouse. In the rat, the non A-non B cells are fairly rare, whereas in the mouse, they constitute a major fraction of the intercalated cells, primarily at the expense of the type B intercalated cells.
Can Renal Replacement Be Deferred by a Supplemented Very Low Protein Diet?
Authors: WALSER MACKENZIE , HILL SYLVIA
Published: April 2021

Patients with chronic renal failure are commonly started on renal replacement therapy (RRT) as soon as (or, in some centers, before) the usual criteria for severity are met, i.e., GFR <10 ml/min for nondiabetic patients and <15 ml/min for diabetic patients. To determine whether RRT can safely be deferred beyond this point, adults with all types of chronic renal failure who met these criteria on presentation (23 patients) or who reached these levels of severity during treatment (53 patients) were managed conservatively until RRT was judged necessary by their chosen dialysis or transplantation team, without input into this decision from the present authors. Patients were prescribed a very low protein diet (0.3 g/kg) plus supplemental essential amino acids and/or ketoacids and followed closely. The intervals between the time at which GFR became less than 10 ml/min (15 ml/min in diabetic patients) and the date at which renal replacement therapy was started were used as estimates of renal survival on nutritional therapy. Kaplan—Meier analysis showed median renal survival of 353 d. Acidosis and hypercholesterolemia were both predictive of shorter renal survival. Signs of malnutrition did not develop. Final GFR averaged 5.6 ± 1.9 ml/min. Two patients died; thus, annual mortality was only 2.5%. Hospitalizations totaled 19 in 93 patient-years of treatment, or 0.2 per year. Thus, these well motivated patients with GFR <10 ml/min (<15 ml/min in diabetic patients) were safely managed by diet and close follow-up for a median of nearly 1 yr without dialysis. It is concluded that further study of this approach is indicated.
Dialysis Modality and Delayed Graft Function after Cadaveric Renal Transplantation
Authors: BLEYER ANTHONY J. , BURKART JOHN M. , RUSSELL GREGORY B. , ADAMS PATRICIA L.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this investigation was to compare outcomes in the immediate posttransplant period for hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal (PD) dialysis patients who received cadaveric renal transplantation. Data were obtained from the United Network of Organ Sharing on all cadaveric graft recipients who were dialysis-dependent at the time of transplantation between April 1994 and December 1995. Baseline characteristics were compared between groups, and multivariate logistic regression was performed with outcome measures including urine production in the first 24 h posttransplantation (U24), requirement for dialysis in the first week posttransplant (FWDIAL), and treatment for acute rejection during the initial hospitalization. The odds of oliguria (not producing urine in the first 24 h) were 1.49 (1.28 to 1.74) times higher in HD versus PD patients. After adjustment for other comorbid conditions including age, gender, race, HLA mismatch, time on dialysis, panel-reactive antibodies, and cold and warm ischemia time, the odds of oliguria were 1.60 (1.14 to 2.25) times higher in black HD patients compared with PD patients and 1.29 (1.06 to 1.57) times higher in white HD patients. In a similar manner, after adjustment for significant comorbid conditions, the odds of requiring dialysis in the first week were 1.56 (1.22 to 2.0) times higher in black HD patients versus PD patients and 1.40 (1.21 to 1.60) times higher in white HD patients. The rate of acute rejection was similar during the first hospitalization. These results suggest that there is an association between hemodialysis and delayed graft function. Differences in biocompatibility between the two modalities could potentially be responsible.
QT Dispersion Before and After Hemodialysis
Authors: MORRIS SCOTT T. W. , GALIATSOU EFTYCHIA , STEWART GRAHAM A. , RODGER R. STUART C. , JARDINE ALAN G.
Published: April 2021

Sudden cardiac death is common in patients on hemodialysis, and may occur in the immediate postdialysis period, when ventricular premature complexes are common. Elevated QT dispersion (Maximum — Minimum QT interval on standard 12-lead electrocardiogram) is associated with increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias following myocardial infarction, but has not previously been assessed in patients with chronic renal failure. We studied electrocardiograms recorded in 50 patients before and after a single hemodialysis session, and in 20 control subjects. QT dispersion was significantly higher in patients (63.1 ± 20.6 ms) compared with control subjects (36.0 ± 13.7 ms; P < 0.001) and rose significantly after hemodialysis to levels comparable to those seen following myocardial infarction (76.6 ± 27.0 ms; P < 0.01). Because QT dispersion reflects nonhomogeneous recovery of ventricular excitability, hemodialysis patients may be at significantly greater risk of reentrant arrhythmias and sudden death in the postdialysis period.
YB-1 Regulation of the Human and Rat Gelatinase A Genes via Similar Enhancer Elements
Authors: MERTENS PETER R. , ALFONSO-JAUME MARIA ALEXANDRA , STEINMANN KARIN , LOVETT DAVID H.
Published: April 2021

Experimental and clinical studies strongly suggest that gelatinase A plays a central role in the evolution of glomerular injury and sclerosis. The sequences of the 5′ flanking regions of the human and rat gelatinase A genes do not share similarities with other members of the matrix metallo-proteinase gene family and are regulated in a distinctive manner. The human and rat gelatinase A genes include regions of significant homology (r2 human; RE-1 rat), which have been shown to act as potent cis-activators of transcription. The rat RE-1 sequence interacts specifically with the developmentally regulated transcription factors AP2 and YB-1, resulting in a synergistic activation of gelatinase A transcription. Although the human r2 sequence specifically interacts with AP2 (Mol Cell Biol 10: 6524-6532, 1990), there is no clear evidence for the presence of a canonical YB-1 binding site (Y-box) within this sequence. This study demonstrates, despite the absence of a canonical Y-box sequence in the r2 element, that YB-1 and AP2 specifically interact with r2, yielding synergistic transactivation of the human gelatinase A gene. It is concluded that the r2 element is the conserved functional analog of the RE-1 element, and that interactions of AP2 and YB-1 govern human gelatinase A gene expression.
Renal Vascular Reactivity in Mice
Authors: RUAN XIAOPING , OLIVERIO MICHAEL I. , COFFMAN THOMAS M. , ARENDSHORST WILLIAM J.
Published: April 2021

The present study describes methodology and its application to evaluate renal reactivity in acute studies on anesthetized mice. Renal blood flow (RBF) was measured using an ultrasonic transit-time flowmeter and a non-cannulating V-shaped probe. An intrarenal artery injection technique established feasibility and reproducibility of studies of renal vascular reactivity to angiotensin II (AngII) in adult wild-type mice. The study also examined whether AngII would affect RBF in mice lacking AT1A receptors due to gene targeting. Mean arterial pressure averaged 83 and 62 mmHg, respectively, in mice with and without AT1A receptors. The RBF was similar in both groups, averaging 7 ml/min per g kidney wt. AngII injection (10-μl bolus) into the renal artery produced transient, dose-dependent, selective reductions in RBF in AT1A knockout mice as well as wild-type mice. The response was considerably greater in mice with AT1A receptors: 10% for 0.1 ng, 30% for 1 ng, and 45% for 5 ng AngII in control animals versus respective decreases of 6, 15, and 17% in knockout mice. In other studies, angiotensin-converting enzyme (captopril) or renin (CP-71362-14) was inhibited. During inhibition of AngII formation, renal vascular reactivity to AngII increased twofold in both groups. Coadministration of the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan (1 to 1000 ng) elicited dose-dependent inhibition of AngII effects, with near maximum blockage of 80 to 90% in both groups of mice. The putative AT2 receptor antagonist PD 123319 inhibited 30 to 40% of AngII-induced vasoconstriction, whereas CGP 42112 had no effect in either group. In conclusion, AngII can elicit renal vasoconstriction, albeit attenuated, in AT1A knockout mice. The weaker RBF effects are most likely due to the absence of the AT1A receptor. Inhibition of the response by AT1 receptor antagonist suggests mediation by the AT1B receptor in these animals. The residual constrictor effect observed during AT1 receptor blockade and sensitive to PD 123319 appears to be mediated by a non-AT1 receptor.
The Dysregulated Podocyte Phenotype
Authors: BARISONI LAURA , KRIZ WILHELM , MUNDEL PETER , D'AGATI VIVETTE
Published: April 2021

Podocytes are highly differentiated, postmitotic cells, whose function is largely based on their complex cytoarchitecture. The differentiation of podocytes coincides with progressive expression of maturity markers, including WT-1, CALLA, C3b receptor, GLEPP-1, podocalyxin, and synaptopodin. In collapsing forms of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), including idiopathic FSGS and HIV-associated nephropathy, podocytes undergo characteristic, irreversible ultrastructural changes. This study analyzes the expression pattern of the above differentiation markers and of the proliferation marker Ki-67 in collapsing idiopathic FSGS and HIV-associated nephropathy compared with minimal change disease, membranous glomerulopathy, as well as normal adult and fetal human kidney. In minimal change disease and membranous glomerulopathy, all mature podocyte markers were retained at normal levels despite severe proteinuria and foot process fusion; no cell proliferation was observed. In contrast, in collapsing idiopathic FSGS and HIV-associated nephropathy, there was disappearance of all markers from all collapsed glomeruli and of synaptopodin from 16% of noncollapsed glomeruli. This phenotypic dysregulation of podocytes was associated with cell proliferation in both diseases. It is concluded that the loss of specific podocyte markers defines a novel dysregulated podocyte phenotype and suggests a common pathomechanism in collapsing FSGS, whether idiopathic or HIV-associated.
Elevated Myocardial Cytosolic Calcium Impairs Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1-Stimulated Protein Synthesis in Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: QING DAVID PEIYUAN , DING HU , VADGAMA JAY , WU YAN YUAN , KOPPLE JOEL D.
Published: April 2021

Rats and humans with chronic renal failure (CRF) are reported to have resistance to recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1). Because basal cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i), a second messenger, may be increased in CRF, this study was conducted to examine whether elevated basal [Ca2+]i may cause resistance to IGF-1. Cardiomyocytes from four groups of rats were studied: untreated CRF, CRF with parathyroidectomy (PTX), CRF with the calcium channel blocker felodipine (F), and sham operation of the kidney (SO). CRF was created by ligation of two-thirds of the left renal artery and contralateral nephrectomy. Rats from each group were pair-fed the same diet for 20 to 22 d. Basal [Ca2+]i in cardiomyocytes (nM) in the CRF rats (102.0 ± 2.8; SEM), was significantly higher than in each of the CRF-PTX, CRF-F, and SO groups (65.2 ± 1.9, 63.8 ± 2.6, and 63.5 ± 2.0, respectively; P < 0.01). rhIGF-1 increased cardiomyocyte [Ca2+]i in all four groups of rats. The rise in [Ca2+]i was significantly diminished in the CRF rats (P < 0.05) and did not differ among the CRF-PTX, CRF-F, and SO rats. Protein synthesis after incubation with 0, 50, 100, 200, or 400 ng/ml rhIGF-1 was lower in cardiomyocytes from CRF rats than in each of the other three groups (P < 0.05) and was significantly less in the CRF-F rats compared with SO animals. IGF-1 receptor mRNA and IGF-1 receptor number and affinity were not different among the four groups. These findings suggest that cardiomyocytes from CRF rats display elevated basal [Ca2+]i and attenuated rhIGF-1-induced increase in [Ca2+]i; basal protein synthesis is decreased, and IGF-1-stimulated protein synthesis is impaired; elevated basal [Ca2+]i seems to contribute to this diminished response to rhIGF-1.