bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
تأثير التدخين على بعض المتغيرات الفسيولوجية لدى طلاب تخصص التربية الرياضية في جامعة فلسطين التقنية – خضوري
Authors: عزب محمود
Published: October 2021

هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة تأثير ممارسة التدخين على بعض المتغيرات الفسيولوجية لدى عينة من طلاب تخصص التربية الرياضية في جامعة فلسطين التقنية – خضوري، لذا فقد افترض الباحث بأن هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في أثر ممارسة عادة التدخين على بعض المتغيرات الفسيولوجية لدى طلاب تخصص التربية الرياضية في جامعة فلسطين التقنية خضوري .وقد أجريت الدراسة على عينة من الطلاب قوامها ( 30 ) طالباً قسمت إلى مجموعتين مجموعة المدخنين و قوامها ( 15 ) طالباً ومجموعة غير المدخنين و قوامها (15 ) طالباً . وقد استخدم الباحث مجموعة من الاختبارات الفسيولوجية المقننة (الوزن ونسبة الشحوم والكفاءة البدنية والحد الأقصى لاستهلاك الأوكسيجين) والتي طبقت على عينة الدراسة لتحقيق هدف الدراسة، وبعد إجراء التحليل الإحصائي المناسب باستخدام البرنامج الإحصائي (SPSS ) استنتج الباحث بأن هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في كل من قياس الكفاءة البدنية (PWC170) والحد الأقصى لاستهلاك الأوكسيجينة (VO2max) ولصالح مجموعة غير المدخنين في حين لم تظهر هناك فروق معنوية دالة في قياسي الوزن و نسبة الشحوم بين المجموعتين، وفي ضوء الاستنتاجات فقد أوصى الباحث بضرورة الإقلاع عن عادة التدخين لما لها من أثر إيجابي على كفاءة الفرد البدنية والحد الأقصى لاستهلاك الأوكسيجين وضرورة عمل محاضرات وندوات علمية توعوية وخاصة لدى الأفراد الذين يمارسون النشاط البدني وتبيان مدى تأثيرها السلبي على قدراتهم البدنية والمهارية وبالتالي قدرتهم على تحقيق أفضل إنجاز
Spectrum of Nasopharyngeal Cancers Seen in the Department of Radiation Oncology University College Hospital, Ibadan
Authors: U.M Aliyu , A. Adenipekun , B.C. Oladapo , U.M. Ango , A.R. Isah
Published: October 2021

Background: Nasopharyngeal cancer was initially thought to be an uncommon disease in Nigeria, but recent studies have shown a steady increase in the incidence of the disease with an associated increase in morbidity and mortality due to late presentation. Method: This was a retrospective review of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer seen in the department of Radiation Oncology U.C.H. Ibadan from 2000 to 2009. Patient's bio-data, clinical-pathologic presentation and site of referral were retrieved using data extraction form and subsequently analysed using Micrsoft Exel (2013). Results: A total of 205 patients with histologically confirmed nasopharyngeal cancer seen during the study period were analysed. The mean age of the patients was 41.7 years with 144 (70.2%) males and 61(29.8%) females. The commonest presenting complaint was cervical lymphadenopathy in 98.5% of patients followed by nasal blockade, nasal discharge and epistaxis with 82.0%, 78.0% and 51.2% respectively. Undifferentiated carcinoma was the commonest histologic type (68.8%). Majority of patients were civil servants (33.2%). The habit of smoking and alcohol ingestion were unspecified in majority of patients (43.4%). Ingestion of smoked fish has been found in majority of patients 122(59.5%) with the disease in this study. Most of the patients came from southern part of the country which coincide with geographic distribution of Burkitt lymphoma, hence the possibility of Ebsteinbarr virus (EBV) as one of the likely causative agents. Conclusion: Nasopharyngeal cancer is common. Cervical lymphadenopathy, nasal blockade with undifferentiated histology and late presentation were the norm. Referrals were from all the regions of the country.
Introducción
Authors: González Fernán
Published: October 2021

El proceso de construcción de un país no se agota en la ocupación de su territorio ni en las relaciones económicas que se establecen entre los diversos grupos de su población y entre las distintas relaciones económicas que se establecen entre diversos grupos de su población y entre las distintas regiones que lo componen. La construcción de un país tiene dimensiones que son esencialmente de tipo político, como la creación de redes de solidaridad entre individuos y grupos sociales y de instituciones relativamente impersonales que rijan estas relaciones, lo mismo que de la referencia de permanencia a una comunidad nacional, cuya historia y cultura son sentidas como comunes por los habitantes del territorio en cuestión.Plabras Clave: Territorio, Proceso de Construcción, Historia, Cultura
Presentación
Authors: Archila Neira Mauricio
Published: October 2021

Para quienes hacen el seguimiento de los movimientos sociales de América Latina, desde el inicio del siglo XXI se presenta un relativo aumento de las protestas sociales, en comparación con el reflujo de las mismas en la década anterior. Si bien los movimientos de estas luchas son diversos, según los países, predominan las resistencias al modelo económica neoliberal, la demanda por equidad social y la búsqueda de nuevas formas de ciudadanía y de participación democrática. Teniendo en cuenta este contexto, las revista Controversia lanzo la convocatoria temática de este número con la intención de analizar las razones de esta creciente movilización y su sentido político, así como el peso que ella tiene en la construcción de identidades y de la memoria histórica de los movimientos sociales del subcontinente. Recibimos varias contribuciones, de las cuales publicamos ocho que, si bien se centran en su mayoría en el caso colombiano, arroja luces para el conjunto latinoamericano.
Photocatalysis for Water Treatment: A Sustainable Sanitation Access in Daily Life
Authors: Hazra Chanchal
Published: October 2021

Enormous technological progress and widespread industrialization has made human life easier but at the cost of imbalance in our biosphere. Anthropogenic activities during the last century have engendered serious environmental issues including water pollution. Huge amount of a variety of toxic organic (synthetic dyes, antibiotics, pesticides) and inorganic (heavy metal ions) pollutants are constantly being discharged as agricultural runoffs or as industrial wastes from textiles, leather, cosmetic, paper, dyeing, and printing industries into lakes, streams, rivers, oceans, and other water bodies thereby deteriorating water quality and adversely affecting both aquatic and human life.
Penetapan Nilai Titik Retak Klorinasi (breakpoint chlorination/bpc) Pada limbah Cair Rumah Sakit X di Kota Bandung
Authors: Fadhila Feldha
Published: October 2021

Pendahuluan : Limbah cair rumah sakit merupakan salah satu sumber pencemar air yangmengandung senyawa organik cukup tinggi. Klorinasi merupakan proses pemberian klorin ke dalamair yang telah mengalami filtrasi. Teknik ini digunakan sebagai disinfektan, salah satu kelemahanklorinasi adalah terbentuknya senyawa halogen organik yang mudah menguap yang bersifatkarsinogenik, sehingga penetapan nilai titik retak klorinasi (Breakpoint Chlorination/BPC) sangatpenting. Tujuan Penelitian mengukur konsentrasi klor aktif yang terkandung dalam limbah cairrumah sakit dan menentukan nilai titik retak klorinasi dengan mengukur sisa klor. Metode Penelitianyang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan 100 ml sampel limbah setelah klorinasi dan 500 mlsebelum klorinasi yang diperiksa dengan metode Orthotolidine Arsenit Test. Hasil Penelitianmenunjukan rerata kandungan bahan organik 19,4 ppm. Konsentrasi kaporit yang digunakan adalah10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, 40 ppm, 50 ppm, 60 ppm, 65 ppm, 70 ppm, 75 ppm, 80 ppm dan nilai sisaklor klorinasi 0,1 ppm. Simpulkan bahwa nilai BPC terjadi pada pembubuhan kaporit sebanyak 60 ppmdengan menghasilkan sisa klor 0,2 ppm.
Aktivitas Perombakan Selulosa Dan Pengendapan Logam Mn Pada Konsorsium Bakteri Pereduksi Sulfat
Authors: Murtafi’ah Ni’matul
Published: October 2021

Latar Belakang: Erupsi Gunung berapi mengakibatkan terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan akibat penyebaran abu vulkanik. Abu vulkanik gunung berapi mempunyai unsur salah satunya berupa sulfat dan logam berat. Kandungan sulfat dan logam berat yang tinggi mengakibatkan pH bersifat asam. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar serbuk gergaji Acacia mangium terhadap aktivitas dan karakter bakteri pada konsorsium Bakteri Pereduksi Sulfat dalam mereduksi sulfat dan logam Mn dengan partikel zeolit pada skala batch culture. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode biologi menggunakan Bakteri Pereduksi Sulfat (BPS) secara batch culture menggunakan bioreaktor menggunakan media Postgate B dengan konsentrasi sulfat 100 ppm dan Mn 10 ppm pada pH 4. Metode analisis data menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu pemberian zeolit sebesar 20 gr/L sedangkan kadar serbuk gergaji sebesar 0%;1,25%; 2,5% dan 5%. Hasil: Hasil penelitian batch culture menunjukkan serbuk gergaji kayu akasia berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap perubahan pH. Pemberian serbuk gergaji mengkatkan pH menjadi 6,5-6,91. meningkatkan Kadar serbuk gergaji 2,5% yang paling optimal meningkatkan effisiensi reduksi sulfat sebesar 63,90% dan effiensi reduksi Mn sebesar 54,80%. Simpulan: Serbuk gergaji Akasia dapat meningkatkan aktivitas reduksi sulfat dan logam Mn. Aktivitas konsorsium BPS bekerja secara optimal mereduksi konsentrasi sulfat dan logam Mn dengan penambahan kadar serbuk gergaji sebesar 2,5%.
Interaction Effects of Level and Instability of Motivation on Learning Strategies: Introjected and Identified Regulation
Authors: Umemoto Takatoyo
Published: October 2021

This study examined the interaction effect of the level and instability of motivation on different learning strategies in university learning at the contextual level. Two motivation levels—introjected and identified regulation—and three types of learning strategies—metacognitive, writing-repetition, and deep-processing—were measured. Self-reported questionnaires were administered to students from two universities in Japan; data of 307 students were included in the analysis. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis on metacognitive and deep-processing strategies revealed an interaction effect of identified regulation and instability of motivation. The results of a simple slope analysis showed that identified regulation had no effect on metacognitive and deep-processing strategies during high instability of motivation. However, during low instability of motivation, higher identified regulation enabled greater use of metacognitive and deep-processing strategies. On the other hand, there was no an interaction effect of level and instability of motivation on writing-repetition strategies. These results revealed the significant role of the level and instability of motivation in the application of metacognitive and deep-processing strategies.
The Children with Hearing Disabilities: Mothers’ General Health Status and Children’s Quality of Life
Authors: Pelarak Ferdos , Radmehr Maryam , Sanjari Hamed , Abdalvand Amin , Forouzesh Faraz
Published: October 2021

Background: Having disabled children can definitely hurt the mental health status of parents, especially mothers, and even directly affect children’s behaviors as well as their adaptability and progress during all care and rehabilitation programs. Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to investigate general health status of mothers having children with hearing disabilities and reflect on children’s quality of life (QoL). Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on all children with hearing disabilities covered by the State Welfare Organization (SWO) of Iran in northern Khuzestan province in 2019. Accordingly, a total of 44 children aged 1 - 6 years and their mothers were included. The data were collected using a demographic characteristics information form, the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Academic Medical Centre (TNO-AZL) Preschool Children Quality of Life (TAPQOL) questionnaire. The data were entered into the SPSS Statistics software (ver. 22) and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient, and chi-square test. Results: According to the results, 79% of the mothers had severe general health problems. The severity of such problems had further elevated in the dimensions of “physical symptoms”, “anxiety and sleep disorders”, “depression”, and “social functioning”, respectively. The mean score of the children’s QoL was 79.13 ± 14.48, which was at a moderate level. The study findings showed a significant relationship between some demographic characteristics and the mothers’ general health status and the children’s QoL. Moreover, there was a reciprocal correlation between mothers’ general health and children’s QoL scores (P = 0.049, r = -0.29). Conclusions: Although QoL in the children having hearing disabilities was at a moderate level, the majority of mothers had severe general health problems. The study results could be useful for health system officials in terms of the promotion of children’s QoL by designing and implementing programs to improve the general health status of the mothers of these children.
Creative derivatives the poetics of derivation and its formative assumptions
Authors: Bučan Jagor
Published: October 2021

The creative derivatives phrase has in itself two terms: creativity (lat. creatus - having been created) and derivation (lat. derivatio - derivation, departure). Creativity presupposes the realisation of the new, the non-existent. Derivation, on the other hand, means transition, formation or arrangement. A derivative is what is derived or comes from something else (like gasoline which is a petroleum derivative). Creative derivations would therefore be processes in which a new is derived from the existing; procedures of rearranging the existing, conversion (transitioning) from one system to another. There are two basic requirements that are necessary for the realisation of these and such actions: an adequate poetic means and a common denominator of two or more phenomena, i.e. two or more systems that are brought into contact. We define the poetic means here in Jakobson's terms as the axis of combination (syntagm) and the axis of selection (paradigm). The paper systematises the poetic possibilities of artistic modeling, which is based on the template of already existing works of art. Different versions of the approach to modern and postmodern practice of taking over the already existing form and content aspects of a work of art are briefly explained and described. When choosing examples, the author adheres to the principle of representativeness instead of compendial comprehensiveness. The outcome of the paper should be twofold. On the one hand, the aim is to get to know and understand the poetics of taking over, which is one of the preconditions for aesthetic pleasure and cognitive insight when encountering works of art of that provenance. On the other hand, the work should be useful to students in their own creative work. The poetic means exhibited in it should facilitate a creative approach to the inexhaustible source of tradition.
ИНФОРМАТИЧКО-РАЗВИЈАЈУЋА НАСТАВА КАО НОВА ДИДАКТИЧКА ПАРАДИГМА
Authors: Вилотијевић Младен , Вилотијевић Горан
Published: October 2021

Традиционална репродуктивна настава као дидактичка парадиг- ма је у школама заступљена неколико векова. Она је била револуцио- нарна промена у образовању. Сматрана је епохалном иновацијом. Ко- менски је увођењем разредно-часовног система утврдио кључне по- ставке за одвијање наставе у школама (разред, трајање часа, трајање школске године, облике наставног рада). Овај систем представљао је епохалну иновацију. Међутим, нема те иновације која би вечно траја- ла. Многе добре стране традиционалнe репродуктивне наставе данас су постале њене највеће слабости. Позната је законитост:када се једна технологија ангажује горњом страном својих могућности да се нови продори могу чинити појавом нове технологије. Многе иновације које су примењиване у отклањању слабости репродуктивне наставе су биле корисне, али се није излазило из круга организације репродуктивне наставе по парадигми Коменског. Нова информациона технологије радикално је променила схватања и утицала на револуционарне промене у свим сферама људске делатности, па и у области образовања. На по- молу је релативно нова дидактичка парадигма, информатичко/разви- јајућа настава. У овом раду су анализиране слабости традиционалнe репродуктивне наставе и указано је на преимућства и обележја инфор- матичко/развијајуће наставе.
Urban Railway Transit Timetable Optimisation Based on Passenger-and-Trains Matching – A Case Study of Beijing Metro Line
Authors: Huang Junsheng , Zhang Tong , Wei Runbin
Published: October 2021

Due to the congested scenarios of the urban railway system during peak hours, passengers are often left behind on the platform. This paper firstly brings a proposal to capture passengers matching different trains. Secondly, to reduce passengers’ total waiting time, timetable optimisation is put forward based on passengers matching different trains. This is a two-stage model. In the first stage, the aim is to obtain a match between passengers and different trains from the Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) data as well as timetable parameters. In the second stage, the objective is to reduce passengers’ total waiting time, whereby the decision variables are headway and dwelling time. Due to the complexity of our proposed model, an MCMC-GASA (Markov Chain Monte Carlo-Genetic Algorithm Simulated Annealing) hybrid method is designed to solve it. A real-world case of Line 1 in Beijing metro is employed to verify the proposed two-stage model and algorithms. The results show that several improvements have been brought by the newly designed timetable. The number of unique matching passengers increased by 37.7%, and passengers’ total waiting time decreased by 15.5%.
Barriers to Transnational Passenger Rail Services in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina – A Qualitative Perspective
Authors: Brezina Tadej , Abramović Borna , Šipuš Denis , Shibayama Takeru
Published: October 2021

Railway infrastructures and services in the countries of former Yugoslavia have been in a downward spiral since the early 1990s. There have been scattered investments to lift services up to appealing levels after the war, but a continuous downward trend persists in all important performance indicators. After war-attributed abandonment, numerous lines lost services permanently, numbers of services dwindled, especially across borders, and service speeds decreased. This research takes Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina specifically as survey objects. It aims to identify the barriers in these two countries that withheld passenger rail from a positive development as in other European countries during the same period. For this purpose we carried out 11 interviews with stakeholders in various railway-related institutions. The transcripts are analysed qualitatively with thematic analysis to gain an overview of organisational and institutional barriers for development of railways. This is followed by a cause-effect analysis with Causal Loop Diagramming. The result: ad-hoc decision-making is clearly connected to the insignificance of railways. As immediate measures to counter the downward spiral by means of strategic long term planning, we identify (1) service benchmarking, (2) a clear vision for improvement of service quality, and (3) empowerment of ministries in a long term.
Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) Model for Vehicle Trajectory Prediction in Connected and Autonomous Vehicle Environment
Authors: Liu Pengfei , Fan Wei
Published: October 2021

Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) have the ability to receive information on their leading vehicles through multiple sensors and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) technology and then predict their future behaviour thus to improve roadway safety and mobility. This study presents an innovative algorithm for connected and autonomous vehicles to determine their trajectory considering surrounding vehicles. For the first time, the XGBoost model is developed to predict the acceleration rate that the object vehicle should take based on the current status of both the object vehicle and its leading vehicle. Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) datasets are utilised for training the proposed model. The XGBoost model is compared with the Intelligent Driver Model (IDM), which is a prior state-of-the-art model. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) are applied to evaluate the two models. The results show that the XGBoost model outperforms the IDM in terms of prediction errors. The analysis of the feature importance reveals that the longitudinal position has the greatest influence on vehicle trajectory prediction results.
Consumption of Cattle Hide Singed with Scrap Tyre is Detrimental to the Liver, Heart and Kidney of Rats
Authors: Woko E. C. , Ibegbulem C. O. , Alisi C. S.
Published: October 2021

The presence of essential amino acids in meat makes it a complete protein, this makes meat a highly sort after source of protein in the human diet. The World’s demand for animal-derived protein has been projected to double by 2050. As a result there is a resultant increase in livestock industries to meet this demand. While meat is generally consumed as a source of protein, processed cattle hide popularly known as “Kanda” in southeastern Nigeria is consumed as a substitute for meat though it may not necessarily provide the same level of nutritional value with meat. The method of processing this food delicacy (Kanda) by singeing with scrap tyre or firewood has opened the door for heavy metal and or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) contamination, thereby putting unsuspecting consumers at health risk. This study therefore investigated the effects of consuming scrap tyre and firewood singed cattle hide on the kidney, liver and heart of male Wistar rats. The study took place for 21 days at the department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Owerri. 35 rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 each, allowed to acclimatize for 7 days and fed with the cattle hide processed with scrap tyre (group 1-3) and cattle hide processed with firewood (group 4-6) while group 7 which served as control was fed with normal standard rat pellet feed. It was observed that consuming these processed hides increased the marker enzymes for heart, kidney and liver damage like lactate dehydrogenase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, creatine kinase and alkaline phosphatase with groups that were fed with the hide singed with scrap tyre showing severe elevations. Consuming the singed Kanda also significantly decreased the serum concentrations of K+, Na+, Cl- , and significantly increased HCO3- and urea concentration. An examination of the organ tissues also revealed serious morphological changes. In conclusion, consuming singed Kanda had detrimental effects on the vital organs studied.
Sub-Chronic Administration of Tramadol, Caffeinated Drink and Alcohol Precipitated Dysfunctions in Health Indices of Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Oyewo E. B. , Oso J. B. , Fatoki J. O. , Adedeji A. L. , Adeleke G. E.
Published: October 2021

Tramadol is a popular drug of abuse among adolescent and young adults in many developing African countries due to the opioid agonist properties. We investigated the health implications of the sub-chronic concurrent abuse of tramadol, caffeinated drink and alcohol in adult male Wistar rats. Tramadol was administered at 40 and 20 mg/kg BW respectively, caffeinated drink at 10 ml/kg BW and alcohol at 2 ml/kg BW. The rats were handled such that: group A received distilled water; groups B and C received tramadol and distilled water; groups D and E received tramadol and caffeinated drink; groups F and Greceived tramadol and alcohol; and groups H and I received caffeinated drink and alcohol respectively. The concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH),malondialdehyde (MDA),protein carbonyl (PC),protein thiol (PT), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), oxidized low density lipoprotein cholesterol (ox-LDLC), and activities of paraoxonase (PON-1) and acetylcholine esterase (ACE) were determined. Histo-pathological analysis was performed on the liver, kidney, brain and small intestine. The concentrations of blood nitric oxide, GSH and MDA increased (p<0.05) inconsistently with no alterationsin PC (p>0.05). Inconsistent alterations were obtained in blood PON-1 activities across the groups. Decreases were recorded in the GSH and TPT in the liver and brain with increases in PC and MDA (p<0.05). Inconsistent increases were obtained in the concentrations ox-LDLC, VCAM-1, IL-1β and MCP-1, and ACE activities. Consistent alterations were observed in the photomicrographs of the brain, kidney, intestine and liver of rats co-administered 40 mg/kg BW of tramadol withcaffeinated drink or alcohol. The overall findings indicated that the use of tramadol singly at 40 mg/kg BW or co-administered at both doses with caffeinated drink and alcohol precipitated various dysfunctions to health that could reduce the quality of life.
Manifestações da cultura afrodiaspórica: um diálogo entre o tempo e os processos de transmissão de saberes
Authors: Futata Flavia Pimentel Lopes
Published: October 2021

Este artigo pretende questionar a ideia de que as manifestações da cultura popular de matriz africana, constitutivas de nosso patrimônio cultural junto com as celebrações e rituais ameríndios, são mantenedoras de uma tradição longínqua e celebram uma ancestralidade apartada do corpo e localizada no passado. A partir da noção de tempo espiralar, que se expressa em diversos elementos estéticos destas manifestações, retoma-se alguns dos princípios constitutivos de uma cosmovisão africana – especificamente bantu – relacionados ao modo como percebem a ancestralidade e a passagem do tempo. Faz-se ainda uma crítica à ideia de que as escolas e demais espaços institucionais de educação são os lugares privilegiados de transmissão de conhecimento em detrimento das comunidades tradicionais da cultura afrodiaspórica.
CENTROS DE REFERÊNCIA EDNALVA BEZERRA
Authors: Andrade Kaliandra Oliveira , Lima Izabel França , Côrtes Gisele Rocha
Published: October 2021

A violência doméstica é um problema que atinge mulheres de todas as faixas etárias, raça/etnia, religiões, classes sociais e graus de escolaridade. Configura-se como uma violação dos direitos humanos e impacta a integridade e o desenvolvimento social das mulheres com efeitos perversos em saúde física e psicológica. Este artigo aborda a violência contra as mulheres, e seu objetivo é de apresentar o Centro de Referência da Mulher Ednalva Bezerra (CRMEB), uma política pública da Secretaria Extraordinária de Políticas Públicas para as Mulheres, específica de atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência do município de João Pessoa. O serviço oferece atendimento multiprofissional às mulheres em situação de violência doméstica e familiar, por meio dos setores jurídico, social, psicológico, de arte-educação e terapia holística. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e documental. Para apresentar e descrever a unidade informacional, utilizaram-se documentos do CRMEB.  Os resultados indicaram que o CRMEB é uma unidade informacional fundamental no processo de empoderamento das mulheres, para romper com o ciclo de violência e desnaturalizar esquemas hegemônicos de gênero, e que a práxis de sua equipe delineia o acolhimento e o atendimento humanizado às usuárias e favorece a produção de conhecimentos pautados na autonomia delas. Portanto, a política pública especializada no enfrentamento à violência doméstica e o poder da informação são sobremaneira importantes para garantir os direitos das mulheres.
A SOCIEDADE EM REDE E AS PRÁTICAS DE LEITURA NAS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS
Authors: Pereira Alves Diniz Johnathan , Pereira dos Santos Andréa
Published: October 2021

Aborda o surgimento da sociedade e as práticas de leitura dos bibliotecários das instituições de ensino superior da cidade de Goiânia. Busca-se o conceito de ciberespaço e cibercultura, mostrando que o espaço territorial é ressignificado, atribuindo um sentimento de pertencimento, construindo identidades. A fundamentação teórica parte do histórico da leitura na sociedade, seguido com desenvolvimento dos meios de comunicação até a atualidade, com as mídias sociais. Apresenta a seguinte questão problema: quais evidências essas leituras realizadas no ciberespaço influenciam os bibliotecários das instituições de ensino superior de Goiânia? Para responder este questionamento, esta investigação se apoia em uma abordagem qualitativa, buscando respostas ao problema de pesquisa. Propõe-se, neste sentido, um estudo de caso e, também, uma pesquisa de caráter exploratória, procurando entender os reflexos destas leituras em ambiente virtual. Um dos caminhos apontados é a possibilidade de uma nova prática de interação, por meio das mídias sociais que se mostram um meio de comunicação eficiente, agindo como extensão humana. Conclui-se que as relações sociais e o papel do bibliotecário leitor nesse novo paradigma de comunicação e informação são cruciais em um território cada vez mais globalizado e conectado.
Transposable elements as new players in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Ravel‐Godreuil Camille , Znaidi Rania , Bonnifet Tom , Joshi Rajiv L. , Fuchs Julia
Published: October 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including the most prevalent Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson disease, share common pathological features. Despite decades of gene‐centric approaches, the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases remain widely elusive. In recent years, transposable elements (TEs), long considered ‘junk’ DNA, have gained growing interest as pathogenic players in NDs. Age is the major risk factor for most NDs, and several repressive mechanisms of TEs, such as heterochromatinization, fail with age. Indeed, heterochromatin relaxation leading to TE derepression has been reported in various models of neurodegeneration and NDs. There is also evidence that certain pathogenic proteins involved in NDs (e.g., tau, TDP‐43) may control the expression of TEs. The deleterious consequences of TE activation are not well known but they could include DNA damage and genomic instability, altered host gene expression, and/or neuroinflammation, which are common hallmarks of neurodegeneration and aging. TEs might thus represent an overlooked pathogenic culprit for both brain aging and neurodegeneration. Certain pathological effects of TEs might be prevented by inhibiting their activity, pointing to TEs as novel targets for neuroprotection.
USP35 mitigates endoplasmic reticulum stress‐induced apoptosis by stabilizing RRBP1 in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Wenqing , Wang Meixia , Xiao Yi , Wang Yige , Ma Lijuan , Guo Lulu , Wu Xinyue , Lin Xiaoyan , Zhang Pengju
Published: October 2021

Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) serve to maintain cellular homeostasis via protein ubiquitination and exert diverse regulatory functions in cancers and other diseases. Much progress has been made in characterizing biological roles of DUBs over the decades, yet the specific functions of many subclass members remain largely unexplored. It was not until recent years that the role of ubiquitin‐specific‐processing protease 35 (USP35) in cancers began to be understood. Here, we focus on delineating the roles and underlying mechanisms of USP35 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) comparative proteomic approach were employed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in H1299 cells induced by USP35 overexpression or silencing. Among the potential interactome of USP35, ribosome‐binding protein 1 (RRBP1), a membrane‐bound protein in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), captured our attentions. RRBP1 expression was found to positively correlate with USP35 levels in both genetically modified cells and human NSCLC tissues. Concordantly, both RRBP1 expression and USP35 expression were found to positively correlate with poor prognoses in lung adenocarcinoma patients. At the molecular level, USP35 was verified to directly interact with RRBP1 to prevent it from proteasomal‐dependent degradation. Functionally, USP35 alleviated ER stress‐induced cell apoptosis by stabilizing RRBP1 in NSCLC cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that USP35 plays a critical role in resisting ER stress‐induced cell death through deubiquitinating RRBP1, hence providing a rationale to target the USP35‐RRBP1 axis as an alternative therapeutic option for NSCLC.
Differentiation of viral and autoimmune central nervous system inflammation by kynurenine pathway
Authors: Luo Yi , Möhn Nora , Skripuletz Thomas , Senel Makbule , Tumani Hayrettin , Peßler Frank , Sühs Kurt‐Wolfram , Stangel Martin
Published: October 2021

Objective

To determine whether the metabolites of Kynurenine pathway (KP) could serve as biomarkers for distinguishing between viral CNS infections and autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases, especially anti‐N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) and herpes virus encephalitis (HSE).

Methods

This study enrolled CSF samples from 76 patients with viral CNS infections, autoimmune neuroinflammatory, and non‐inflammatory neurological diseases. We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of tryptophan (Trp) and kynurenine (Kyn) by ELISA.

Results

Kyn concentrations and Kyn/Trp ratios were highly increased (p < 0.001, viral vs. autoimmune) in viral CNS infections, whereas patients with autoimmune neuroinflammatory and non‐inflammatory diseases exhibited low concentrations. Furthermore, Kyn concentrations and Kyn/Trp ratio turned out to be excellent biomarkers to distinguish between herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) and NMDARE (AUC 0.920 and AUC 0.906), whereas Trp concentrations were similar in all three groups.

Interpretation

The results suggest that elevated CSF Kyn concentrations and Kyn/Trp ratio may serve as biomarkers for distinguishing viral CNS infections from autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases. In particular, the distinction between HSE and NMDARE is of great clinical relevance. Further studies are warranted to investigate the potential of CSF Kyn levels and Kyn/Trp ratio as routine parameters in patients with CNS diseases.
Amyloid‐dependent and amyloid‐independent effects of Tau in individuals without dementia
Authors: Therriault Joseph , Pascoal Tharick A. , Sefranek Marcus , Mathotaarachchi Sulantha , Benedet Andrea L. , Chamoun Mira , Lussier Firoza Z. , Tissot Cécile , Bellaver Bruna , Ferreira Pamela Lukasewicz , Zimmer Eduardo R. , Saha‐Chaudhuri Paramita , Gauthier Serge , Rosa‐Neto Pedro ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: October 2021

Objective

To investigate the relationship between the topography of amyloid‐β plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles, and the overlap between the two, with cognitive dysfunction in individuals without dementia.

Methods

We evaluated 154 individuals who were assessed with amyloid‐β PET with [18F]AZD4694, tau‐PET with [18F]MK6240, structural MRI, and neuropsychological testing. We also evaluated an independent cohort of 240 individuals who were assessed with amyloid‐β PET with [18F]Florbetapir, tau‐PET with [18F]Flortaucipir, structural MRI, and neuropsychological testing. Using the VoxelStats toolbox, we conducted voxel‐wise linear regressions between amyloid‐PET, tau‐PET, and their interaction with cognitive function, correcting for age, sex, and years of education.

Results

In both cohorts, we observed that tau‐PET standardized uptake value ratio in medial temporal lobes was associated with clinical dementia rating Sum of Boxes (CDR‐SoB) scores independently of local amyloid‐PET uptake (FWE corrected at p < 0.001). We also observed in both cohorts that in regions of the neocortex, associations between neocortical tau‐PET and clinical function were dependent on local amyloid‐PET (FWE corrected at p < 0.001).

Interpretation

In medial temporal brain regions, characterized by the accumulation of tau pathology in the absence of amyloid‐β, tau had direct associations with cognitive dysfunction. In brain regions characterized by the accumulation of both amyloid‐β and tau pathologies such as the posterior cingulate and medial frontal cortices, tau’s relationship with cognitive dysfunction was dependent on local amyloid‐β concentrations. Our results provide evidence that amyloid‐β in Alzheimer’s disease influences cognition by potentiating the deleterious effects of tau pathology.
Conspiracy theory beliefs, scientific reasoning and the analytical thinking paradox
Authors: Georgiou Neophytos , Delfabbro Paul , Balzan Ryan
Published: October 2021

Although many psychological and sociological factors have been implicated in the development of conspiracy theory (CT) beliefs, analytical thinking has been considered a key protective factor. However, it is not clear if engaging in systematic or rigorous information searching is always protective, particularly if this involves a confirmation bias or a lack of scientific reasoning. For example, higher scores on autistic traits, which are commonly associated with a tendency to engage in systematic information searching, have been found to be associated with stronger endorsement of CT beliefs. Here, we investigated whether measures of analytical reasoning need to be refined to focus specifically on scientific reasoning, as analytical thinking has recently shown a positive association with conspiracy beliefs. A total of 565 adults with varying levels of autistic traits, completed measures of CT beliefs, standard analytical reasoning and information searching measures, but also measures of scientific reasoning and belief flexibility (using the bias against disconfirmatory evidence or BADE task). We found that standard measures of analytical thinking and active‐open minded thinking were positively associated with CT beliefs and autistic traits. Conversely, higher levels of scientific reasoning and belief flexibility were negatively associated with CT beliefs, autistic and schizotypal traits. The findings encourage the use of more focused measures of logical and scientific reasoning in both psychoeducation interventions and future research relating to CT beliefs.
Dynamically Induced Large‐Scale, Selective, and Vertical Structure Growth of MoS2 Nanosheets
Authors: Zhang Kun , Feng Shuanglong , Kang Shuai , Wu Yutong , Wang Qingshan , Tao Zhiyong , Fan Yaxian , Lu Wenqiang
Published: October 2021

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has recently gained attention due to the exciting and various nanostructures created by different synthesis processes and their superior physical and chemical properties. Although large‐scale production with various nanostructures is achieved, only patterned film growth is demonstrated in specific locations. Traditional photolithography and etching processes are not suitable for patterning of 3D structures due to the huge height difference. The large‐scale patterned growth of MoS2 with different nanostructures is critical for sophisticated, customized electronic and optoelectronic devices. Herein, for the first time, the synthesis of large‐scale and patterned MoS2 nanosheets with vertically standing morphology (v‐MoS2 NS) using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and a TiO2‐induced layer is reported. This method enables the preparation of patterned v‐MoS2 NS arrays with clean boundaries, uniform distributions, controllable locations, and various shapes, which can be used to fabricate various functional devices without etching. Next, it is demonstrated that the photodetectors can be fabricated directly using square‐patterned v‐MoS2 NS arrays. The method proposed could be extended to form other 2D materials with vertical NS structures and provides a lot of new chances to legitimately design functional devices and systems in the future.
Thin Patterned Lithium Niobate Films by Parallel Additive Capillary Stamping of Aqueous Precursor Solutions
Authors: Alarslan Fatih , Vittadello Laura , Klein Jonas , Khan Qaiser Ali , Kijatkin Christian , Haase Markus , Schäfer Helmut , Imlau Mirco , Steinhart Martin
Published: October 2021

Thin micropatterned lithium niobate (LiNbO3) layers may be used for photonic components, actuators, and data storage devices because LiNbO3 exhibits nonlinear optical properties as well as anisotropic polarizability and ferroelectric behavior. Commonly, thin micropatterned LiNbO3 layers are integrated into device architectures by complex manufacturing algorithms including direct wafer bonding, mechanochemical wafer thinning or mechanical cleavage of thin LiNbO3 layers from bulk LiNbO3 crystals, as well as lithographic pattering of and/or pattern transfer into the thin LiNbO3 layers. The high‐throughput generation of thin microstructured LiNbO3 layers by parallel additive capillary stamping of environmentally friendly aqueous LiNbO3 precursor solutions with topographically patterned porous polymer stamps is reported. The precursor solutions contain the cheap, commercially available compounds lithium acetate and niobium oxalate hydrate, which are simply dissolved in water as received. In this way, rough surfaces not suitable for layer transfer methods involving direct wafer bonding, such as the surfaces of indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates, are functionalized with microstructured LiNbO3 layers. Microstructured holey 100 nm‐thick LiNbO3 films showing uniform second‐harmonic generation (SHG) except at the positions of the holes are obtained. Orthogonal substrate formation is demonstrated by electrodeposition of gold into the holes, which increases the SHG output 5.4 times.
Continuous 3D Printing of Hierarchically Structured Microfoamed Objects
Authors: Tammaro Daniele , Della Gatta Roberta , Villone Massimiliano Maria , Maffettone Pier Luca
Published: October 2021

We report the design and results of a novel process combining 3D printing and foaming to produce microfoamed polymeric structures, from simple strands to more complex architectures, using physical blowing agents. Foaming processes are extensively operated in polymeric cellular materials industry to produce pores, yet without spatial control of their positioning. This intrinsic stochasticity may introduce imperfections, which reduce the mechanical properties of the material, thus regular (e.g., periodic) porous structures would be more desirable. 3D printing allows to fabricate polymeric cellular materials with empty spaces in a well‐defined periodic structure. To this end, very expensive 3D printers are required to achieve micron‐resolution pores. Correspondingly, the production time is dramatically large and becomes a bottleneck to the industrial scale‐up. Herein, an innovative technique combining the simplicity of polymer foaming with the precision of 3D printing is presented. The resulting materials have the advantages of both the techniques: they have a micron‐controlled cell structure and can be printed at reasonable costs and time. The proposed approach is validated using a bio‐based and compostable polymer, namely, polylactic acid (PLA). The resulting foamed strands and hierarchical structures are novel in terms of morphology and show a controlled local porosity and superior mechanical properties.
Ultra‐High Alignment of Polymer Semiconductor Blends Enabling Photodetectors with Exceptional Polarization Sensitivity
Authors: Schrickx Harry M. , Sen Pratik , Booth Ronald E. , Altaqui Ali , Burleson Jacob , Rech Jeromy J. , Lee Jin‐Woo , Biliroglu Melike , Gundogdu Kenan , Kim Bumjoon J. , You Wei , Kudenov Michael W. , O'Connor Brendan T.
Published: October 2021

Photodetectors that can sense not only light intensity but also light's polarization state add valuable information that is beneficial in a wide array of applications. Polymer semiconductors are an attractive material system to achieve intrinsic polarization sensitivity due to their anisotropic optoelectronic properties. In this report, the thermomechanical properties of the polymer semiconductors PBnDT‐FTAZ and P(NDI2OD‐T2) are leveraged to realize bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films with record in‐plane alignment. Two polymer blends with distinct weight average molar masses (Mw) are considered and either a strain‐ or rub‐alignment process is applied to align the polymer blend films. Optimized processing yields films with dichroic ratios (DR) of over 11 for the high Mw system and nearly 17 for the low Mw system. Incorporating the aligned films into photodetectors results in a polarized photocurrent ratio of 15.25 with corresponding anisotropy ratio of 0.88 at a wavelength of 530 nm, representing the highest reported photocurrent ratio for photodiodes that can operate in a self‐powered regime. The demonstrated performance showcases the ability of polymer semiconductors to achieve BHJ films with exceptional in‐plane polymer alignment, enabling high performance polarization sensitive photodetectors for incorporation into novel device architectures.
Emerging Wearable Sensors for Plant Health Monitoring
Authors: Lee Giwon , Wei Qingshan , Zhu Yong
Published: October 2021

Emerging plant diseases, caused by pathogens, pests, and climate change, are critical threats to not only the natural ecosystem but also human life. To mitigate crop loss due to various biotic and abiotic stresses, new sensor technologies to monitor plant health, predict, and track plant diseases in real time are desired. Wearable electronics have recently been developed for human health monitoring. However, the application of wearable electronics to agriculture and plant science is in its infancy. Wearable technologies mean that the sensors will be directly placed on the surfaces of plant organs such as leaves and stems. The sensors are designed to detect the status of plant health by profiling various trait biomarkers and microenvironmental parameters, transducing bio‐signals to electric readout for data analytics. In this perspective, the recent progress in wearable plant sensors is summarized and they are categorized by the functionality, namely plant growth sensors, physiology, and microclimate sensors, chemical sensors, and multifunctional sensors. The design and mechanism of each type of wearable sensors are discussed and their applications to address the current challenges of precision agriculture are highlighted. Finally, challenges and perspectives for the future development of wearable plant sensors are presented.
MEndR: An In Vitro Functional Assay to Predict In Vivo Muscle Stem Cell‐Mediated Repair
Authors: Davoudi Sadegh , Xu Bin , Jacques Erik , Cadavid Jose L. , McFee Matthew , Chin Chih‐Ying , Meysami Amir , Ebrahimi Majid , Bakooshli Mohsen A. , Tung Kayee , Ahn Henry , Ginsberg Howard J. , McGuigan Alison P. , Gilbert Penney M.
Published: October 2021

Functional assessment of stem cell‐mediated endogenous repair relies on animal studies. Here an in vitro assay is described that recapitulates important early steps of the in vivo skeletal muscle endogenous repair (MEndR) process. The assay is integrated with a custom semi‐automated image analysis pipeline to enable high‐content data analysis of donor‐derived muscle fiber content and morphology. Myotube sheets, generated by infiltrating a cellulose scaffold with myoblasts, are engrafted with muscle stem cells (MuSCs), injured to induce a regenerative microenvironment, and muscle repair is assessed. Significantly, the spatiotemporal dynamics of in vitro repair closely matched those observed in vivo, when both stem cells and injury are present. By exploiting the easy imaging geometry of the engineered tissue, cellular mechanisms of action driving the MuSC response to the regenerative template are explored. In vivo outcomes of two known modulators of MuSC‐mediated repair, measured by donor fiber production, MuSC niche repopulation, and response to a secondary injury, are phenocopied in the platform only when both the stem cells and injured 3D template are present. The MEndR platform represents a powerful opportunity to explore MuSC‐mediated repair and potentially compress the discovery pipeline by combining drug screening and validation in one step.