bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cirurgia de Substituição Valvular Aórtica Melhora a Qualidade de Vida dos Doentes?
Authors: Coelho Pedro , Ferreira Lara Noronha , Vital Clara , Fragata José
Published: September 2018

Introdução: O objetivo da cirurgia de substituição valvular aórtica é o aumento da esperança de vida e a melhoria da qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde. Existem vários estudos que evidenciam melhoria da qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde nestes doentes, mas não aplicados à população portuguesa. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde pós-implantação de prótese aórtica e comparar com a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde pré-operatória e da população em geral.Material e Métodos: Foi feito um estudo retrospetivo de doentes eletivos submetidos a implantação de prótese aórtica entre agosto de 2011 e abril de 2016. A qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde foi avaliada com o Short Form 36 Health Survey Instrument e com o Short Form 6 Health Survey Instrument no pré-operatório e aos 3, 6 e 12 meses pós-cirurgia. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e inferenciais para analisar globalmente a amostra e para comparar a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde pré-operatória com a pós-operatória e com as normas da população portuguesa.Resultados: Foram incluídos 506 doentes, com idade média de 70,6 anos, sendo 53,6% do sexo masculino. Os resultados do pós-operatório evidenciam uma melhoria estatisticamente significativa quando comparados com o pré-operatório nas oito dimensões do Short Form 36 Health Survey Instrument. Comparando com a população Portuguesa em geral, a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde dos doentes é inferior no pré-operatório, melhorando no pós-operatório, atingindo níveis de qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde superiores nalguns subgrupos de doentes e em algumas dimensões. Os resultados do Short Form 6 Health Survey Instrument revelam maior intensidade de problemas no pré-operatório quando comparados com a população em geral, aproximando-se dos valores população em geral ao final de um ano pós-cirurgia.Discussão: Este é o primeiro estudo realizado em Portugal que compara a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde, usando uma escala validada, antes e depois da cirurgia de implantação de prótese aórtica. Os resultados demonstram a existência de uma melhoria significativa em todas as dimensões, o que não acontece consistentemente noutros estudos publicados. Conclusão: A implantação de prótese aórtica melhora a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde dos doentes, permitindo que esta se aproxime dos resultados da população em geral.
How Will the General Data Protection Regulation Affect Healthcare?
Authors: Lea Nathan C. , De Meyer Filip
Published: September 2018

N/A.
Carta ao Editor: O Conceito de Dignidade em Idosos Não-institucionalizados Seguidos em Cuidados de Saúde Primários: Um Modelo Empírico Preliminar
Authors: Rocha Érica , Sousa Paulo Faria de , António Nuno , Medeiros Susana , Julião Miguel
Published: September 2018

N/D.
Letter to the Editor: More on Conflict of Interest Disclosure in a Top-Tier Portuguese Medical Journal
Authors: Gama Marques João
Published: September 2018

Not Applicable.
A Nova Prova Nacional de Seriação: Um Gigantesco Passo de Um Milímetro
Authors: Ponte José
Published: September 2018

N/D.
From the Editor’s Desk - Quality in Surgery: From Quality of Care to Quality of Life
Authors: Alexandrino Henrique
Published: September 2018

N/A.
Translation and Validation of the Patient Activation Measure in Portuguese People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Laranjo Liliana , Dias Vera , Nunes Carla , Paiva Dagmara , Mahoney Bill
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Management of diabetes mellitus is largely dependent on patients’ active participation in care. The ‘Patient Activation Measure 13’ assesses patients’ knowledge, skills, and confidence in self-care. We aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the ‘Patient Activation Measure 13’ to Portuguese, in people with type 2 diabetes.Material and Methods: The translation and cultural adaptation occurred in six phases. A convenience sample of people with type 2 diabetes was recruited from the waiting rooms of a diabetes outpatient centre in Lisbon, between March and April 2014. The questionnaire was self-administered; medical records were reviewed to obtain glycated haemoglobin levels. Main statistical analyses were based on the Rasch rating scale model.Results: The response rate for the final questionnaire was 76%. Rasch analysis was conducted on 193 respondents. Respondents had a mean age of 67.1 (SD 10.1) years, 42.7% were women, and the mean patient activation measure score (0 - 100) in the sample was 58.5 (SD 10.1). The sample was low to moderate in terms of activation: 40.4% were low in activation (levels 1 and 2), 49.7% were in level 3, and 9.8% were in level 4, the highest level of activation. All items had good fit and the response categories functioned well. Item reliability was 0.97 and person reliability was between 0.77 (real) and 0.83 (model). Discussion: The ‘Patient Activation Measure 13’ was translated and culturally adapted to European Portuguese and validated in people with diabetes, showing good psychometric properties. Future research should aim at evaluating test-retest reliability of the Portuguese ‘Patient Activation Measure 13’, and exploring its ability to measure changes in activation over time.Conclusion: The ‘Patient Activation Measure 13’ is now available in European Portuguese and has good psychometric properties.
Abcesso do Espaço de Parona com Origem em Foco Sético Oral: Abordagem Multidisciplinar
Authors: Fonseca Luís Sanches , Ribeiro Luís , Pinheiro Jorge , Guerra Ana
Published: September 2018

A infeção do espaço de Parona é uma patologia rara do antebraço. Reportamos um caso de um homem de 55 anos, com dor e impotência funcional na porção distal do antebraço, sem história de trauma, com uma semana de evolução. Associadamente, apresentava história de infeção odontogénica, síncrona com o início das queixas do antebraço, mas com resolução espontânea. A ecografia do punho documentou um abcesso, que foi prontamente drenado e o exame microbiológico demonstrou infeção por Streptococcus constellatus. A avaliação estomatológica revelou agudização sintomática de periodontite crónica no dente 2.7. O doente realizou a eliminação de focos séticos orais durante o internamento e teve alta com evolução favorável. As manifestações do quadro clínico e o agente isolado confirmam a origem odontogénica. Do que pudemos apurar, este é o primeiro caso publicado de um abcesso antebraquial odontogénico e demonstra a importância da eliminação sistemática de focos séticos orais na população geral.
Increased Brain Derived Neurothropic Factor in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborn with exposure to Mozart's music in default sequence compared with the reversed sequence and without exposure during gestation
Authors: Hidayati Agustina , Joewono Hermanto Tri , Widjiati Widjiati
Published: September 2018

Objectives: To analyze the differences in the expression of Brain Derived Neurothropic Factor (BDNF) in Rattus norvegicus cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn between those exposed to Mozart's music composition in default sequence, reverse sequence, and without exposure in the womb.Materials and Methods: Analytical laboratory experimental study with randomized post test only control group design using animal models Rattus norvegicus. The animal models were divided into three groups: control group without any exposure, the treatment groups with exposure to Mozart's music in default sequence and another group in reverse sequence since day 10 of gestation. We used a comparison test in the analysis of BDNF expression.Results: We found significant difference in BDNF expression with p value 0.004 (mean 8.98±1.31 default sequence group, 5.58±3.08 reverse sequence group, 6.80±1.95 control) in the cerebrum. We found significant difference of BDNF expression with p value 0.003 (mean 9.48±1.41 default sequence group, 6.02±3.25 reverse sequence group, 7.14±2.54 control) in the cerebellum. In cerebrum dan cerebellum we found significant difference between standard Mozart’s music and control (cere-brum p=0.018, cerebellum p=0.001), and we found significant difference between standard Mozart’s music and reverse Mozart’s music (cerebrum p=0.001, cerebellum p=0.008) and no significant difference in reverse Mozart and control (cerebrum p=0.264, cerebellum p=0.490)Conclusion: Sequence in Mozart’s music is very important in increase expression of BDNF.
Survivin Ser81 Plays An Important Role in PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Sandra Ferry
Published: September 2018

Background: Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, has been associated with protection from cell apoptosis and regulation of mitosis. Phosphorylated-Survivin at Ser81 was reported to provide cytoprotection against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in L929 cells by inducing a backloop activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Therefore Akt as a possible substrate of PI3K was investigated.Methods: L929 cells were pretreated with/without 50 μM LY294002 or 10 μM Perifosine, and infected with viral particle of Survivin, anti sense of Survivin, Ser81Ala mutated Survivin or vector only. Cells were then harvested, lysed and subjected to immunoblot assay to detect Akt, phosphorylated Akt (Ser473), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphorylated-mTOR (Ser2448).Results: Survivin induced Akt and mTOR phosphorylations in a viral particle concentration dependent manner. Pretreatment of LY294002 or Perifosine prior to Survivin infection, attenuated Akt or mTOR phosphorylations, respectively. Low Akt or mTOR phosphorylations were observed when L929 cells were infected with Ser81Ala mutated Survivin.Conclusion: Ser81 phosphorylation site of Survivin played an important role in activating Survivin/PKA/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.Keywords: survivin, Ser81, Akt, mTOR, LY294002, perifosine
Evaluation of growth, flowering characters and yield of commercial annual flower crops as intercrop in coconut ecosystem
Authors: Praiselin Keren , M. Kavitha
Published: September 2018

An investigation was carried out to evaluate the growth and the flowering of some of the commercial annual flower crops as intercrop in coconut ecosystem. Commercial annual flower crops viz., African marigold, French marigold, celosia, gomphrena and China aster were grown as an intercrop in coconut plantation and also under open condition for comparison. The results of the experiment showed that all of the crops performed to its optimum in the coconut shade, but less well than the open condition. The parameters viz., Plant height, internodal length, number of lateral branches, days taken for first flowering, flower diameter and yield were recorded. The yield was relatively higher in the open condition. The morphological characters were higher in the open condition and the earliness to flower bud initiation and flowering were observed in the open condition.
Macrophyte diversity and trophic status of Sakhya Sagar Lake, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Authors: Arya Mohit , Mishra Anand Kumar , Bhat Musadiq Hussain
Published: September 2018

Aquatic habitats provide suitable environment for supporting survival of a diversity of aquatic life forms. The study was conducted in Sakhya Sagar Lake which is situated inside the Madhav National Park Shivpuri district of Madhya Pradesh. To assess the status and distribution of macrophytes, frequent trips were conducted in the study area. The plants were classified based on their habit and their presence was visually observed. A total of 16 plant species were recorded, of which 16 species, 5 species were sub-dominant, 6 species were common and 5 species were un-common. Among all the 16 plants 9 species are free floating, 4 species are submerged hydrophytes, 1 species is emergent type hydrophyte and 2 species are marginal hydrophytes. Aquatic macrophytes like Nymphaea nouchali, Nelumbo nucifera, Trapa natans, Ipomoea aquatica, Vallisnaria spiralis, Potamogeton crispus, and Azolla pinnata were recorded as the common plants of this lake. The trophic status and macrophyte diversity of Sakhya Sagar Lake has been discussed in the paper.
Household Surveys in the General Population and Web-Based Surveys in IQOS Users Registered at the Philip Morris International IQOS User Database: Protocols on the Use of Tobacco- and Nicotine-Containing Products in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom (Greater London), 2018-2020 (Preprint)
Authors: Sponsiello-Wang Zheng , Langer Peter , Prieto Luis , Dobrynina Mariia , Skiada Dimitra , Camille Nathalie , Weitkunat Rolf , Lüdicke Frank
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND

Philip Morris International (PMI) has developed a novel heat-not-burn tobacco product, Tobacco Heating System (THS), which is marketed under the brand name of IQOS with HEETS (IQOS). The aerosol generated by THS has substantially fewer toxicants than combustible cigarette smoke, although the extent of the reduction of harmful and potentially harmful constituents reported varies between studies. To evaluate the potential harm reduction associated with IQOS use, the assessment of the uptake and continued use of IQOS in the context of all other tobacco- and nicotine-containing products is crucial. In March 2018, PMI launched cross-sectional surveys in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom (Greater London) to estimate the prevalence and use patterns of IQOS and other tobacco- and nicotine-containing products use in these 3 markets following the commercialization of IQOS. This study describes the protocol of the surveys.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of these surveys are to estimate the prevalence of tobacco- and nicotine-containing products use; describe past and current patterns of use; and explore their associations with self-reported health, motivation to use, risk perceptions, and perceived aesthetic changes.

METHODS

The overall design of the surveys is similar in all 3 countries. Repeated cross-sectional surveys are being conducted annually over 3 consecutive years (2018 to 2020) and in 2 samples: a representative sample of the general population and a sample of IQOS users. A total of 6085 adults per year will be selected from the general population for each survey through multistage stratified sampling, and participants will respond to face-to-face computer-assisted personal interviews. In addition, 1404, 1384, and 1246 IQOS users per year in Germany, Italy, and Greater London, respectively, will be randomly selected from the PMI IQOS user database and will be invited to complete the Web-based survey using computer-assisted self-interviews. The Smoking Questionnaire is used to assess the tobacco use patterns of the participants.

RESULTS

The recruitment of the general population sample began in March 2018 and that of the IQOS user sample began in April 2018. The data collection is ongoing, and the results of the first year data analysis are expected to be available by June 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

As the design of the 3 surveys is similar, the results will allow for cross-countries comparison of the prevalence of IQOS and other tobacco- and nicotine-containing products use as well as patterns of use and associated factors.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

DERR1-10.2196/12061
The Use of Web-Based Technologies in Health Research Participation: Qualitative Study of Consumer and Researcher Experiences (Preprint)
Authors: Pang Patrick Cheong-Iao , Chang Shanton , Verspoor Karin , Clavisi Ornella
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND

Health consumers are often targeted for their involvement in health research including randomized controlled trials, focus groups, interviews, and surveys. However, as reported by many studies, recruitment and engagement of consumers in academic research remains challenging. In addition, there is scarce literature describing what consumers look for and want to achieve by participating in research.

OBJECTIVE

Understanding and responding to the needs of consumers is crucial to the success of health research projects. In this study, we aim to understand consumers’ needs and investigate the opportunities for addressing these needs with Web-based technologies, particularly in the use of Web-based research registers and social networking sites (SNSs).

METHODS

We undertook a qualitative approach, interviewing both consumer and medical researchers in this study. With the help from an Australian-based organization supporting people with musculoskeletal conditions, we successfully interviewed 23 consumers and 10 researchers. All interviews were transcribed and analyzed with thematic analysis methodology. Data collection was stopped after the data themes reached saturation.

RESULTS

We found that consumers perceive research as a learning opportunity and, therefore, expect high research transparency and regular updates. They also consider the sources of the information about research projects, the trust between consumers and researchers, and the mobility of consumers before participating in any research. Researchers need to be aware of such needs when designing a campaign for recruitment for their studies. On the other hand, researchers have attempted to establish a rapport with consumer participants, design research for consumers’ needs, and use technologies to reach out to consumers. A systematic approach to integrating a variety of technologies is needed.

CONCLUSIONS

On the basis of the feedback from both consumers and researchers, we propose 3 future directions to use Web-based technologies for addressing consumers’ needs and engaging with consumers in health research: (1) researchers can make use of consumer registers and Web-based research portals, (2) SNSs and new media should be frequently used as an aid, and (3) new technologies should be adopted to remotely collect data and reduce administrative work for obtaining consumers’ consent.
Modelo teórico/didático do gênero artigo de opinião: ferramentas para análise do gênero
Authors: Castellani Rithielle Aparecida , Deganutti de Barros Eliana Merlin
Published: September 2018

Este artigo é resultado de pesquisas realizadas no projeto “Gêneros da mídia jornalística como objeto de transposição didática externa”, o qual está inserido no grupo de pesquisa DIALE (CNPq/UENP). Em sua fundamentação teórica, o projeto pauta-se nos estudos dos Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART, 2003), especialmente os voltados para a transposição didática de gêneros textuais. A pesquisa teve como principal objetivo analisar o processo de modelização do gênero artigo de opinião a partir da produção de um modelo teórico/didático e de uma Sequência Didática de gênero (DOLZ; NOVERRAZ; SCHNEUWLY, 2004). Para este artigo, o foco é apresentar o modelo teórico e o modelo didático do gênero, os quais serviram de base no momento da produção da SDG.
Deteksi dan analisis sekuen gen inhibitor proteinase pada beberapa klon kakao harapan tahan penggerek buah kakao dari Sulawesi Selatan Detection and sequence analysis of proteinase inhibitor gene in cacao clones putatively cacao pod borer-tolerant from South Sulawesi
Authors: JAYA Abdul Mollah  S. , ASWIDINNOOR Hajrial , SANTOSO Djoko
Published: September 2018

Summary Cacao is socially and economically an important commodity for Indonesia, in which the cacao plantations have been challenged with a threatening pest, cacao pod borer (CPB). This research aimed to identify and clone PIN (proteinase inhibitor), a gene carrying resistance of plant to some chewing pests like CPB. The methodology included several experiments. Detection of PIN in cacao was done by PCR using PIN-specific heterologous primers and cacao genomic DNA as templates. Cloning vector pGEM-T was utilized to clone the PCR products. Sequence analysis was conducted with BlastX and Blast Special programs from NCBI. Alignment analysis to determine genetic similarity was performed with ClustalW from EBI. Thirteen of the 18 clones tested were detected to have PIN homologs. Two DNA fragments from cacao clones putatively tolerant to CPB, MJ-1 and LW-1, were sequenced. One of them, MJ-1 was cloned. Sequence analyses of the fragments of both cacao clones, indicated that they have PIN homologs and a very closed genetic relation with 96% level of similarity. Ringkasan Kakao adalah komoditas yang secara sosial maupun ekonomi penting bagi Indonesia, dimana perkebunan kakao menghadapi masalah serius hamapenggerek buah kakao (PBK). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mengklon PIN (inhibitor proteinase), gen yang membawa sifat ketahanan tanaman terhadap hama ulat seperti PBK. Metodologinya terdiri dari beberapa percobaan. Deteksi PIN di dalam kakao dikerjakan dengan PCR menggunakan primer heterologous yang spesifik terhadap PIN dan DNA genomik kakao sebagai templetnya. Vektor kloning pGEM-T digunakan untuk mengklon produk PCR. Analisis sekuen dilakukan dengan program BlastX dan Blast spesial dari NCBI. Analisis penjajaran (alignment) untuk menentukan kemiripan genetik menggunakan program ClustalW dari EBI. Tiga belas dari 18 klon kakao yang diuji  menunjukkan adanya  homolog  PIN. Dua DNA fragmen dari klon harapan tahan, MJ-1 dan LW-1, telah ditentukan sekuen nukleotidanya. Satu diantara-nya, MJ-1 berhasil diklon. Analisis sekuen  kedua klon tersebut menunjukkan identitas sebagai homolog PIN dan keduanya memiliki kemiripan genetik yang tinggi.
Ekspresi fenotipe gen APETALA1 kakao (TcAP1) pada eksplan tembakau Phenotypic expression of cacao APETALA1 (TcAP1) in tobacco explant
Authors: CHAIDAMSARI Tetty , SAMANHUDI . , BUDIANI Asmini , POERWANTO Roedhy , SANTOSO Djoko
Published: September 2018

Summary APETALA1 (AP1) is one of flowering identity genes that determines the formation of sepal and petal tissues. An AP1 homologue was cloned from cacao flowers by bio-techniques coupled with bio-informatics. Examination of phenotypic expression was conducted with transgenesis of the 35S-TcAP1 construct using leaf disk technique of tobacco leaf explants mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. PCR specific to TcAP1 demonstrated that the technique is effective in introducing the 35S-TcAP1 construct into tobacco plant cells. RT-PCR with total RNA from the leaves of transgenic tobacco plantlets showed that expression levels of the TcAP1 events varied. The variation of the transcript levels was comparable to the morphological phenotype of the tobacco plantlets grown in vitro. The cultures expressing TcAP1 at moderate levels, have developed into intact plantlets and set up flowers in vitro.Ringkasan APETALA1 (AP1) diketahui merupakan salah satu gen identitas pembungaan yang mengendalikan terbentuknya jaringan sepal dan petal. Homolog AP1 telah diklon dari organ bunga kakao (TcAP1) dengan kombinasi bio-techniques dan bio-informatics. Pengujian ekspresi fenotipe TcAP1 dilakukan dengan transgenesis konstruk konstitutif 35S-TcAP1 menggunakan teknik leaf disk eksplan daun tembakau dan mediasi Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Pengujian PCR spesifik TcAP1 menunjukkan bahwa teknik tersebut cukup efektif dalam mengintroduksikan konstruk 35S-TcAP1 ke dalam sel tanaman tembakau. RT-PCR dari daun planlet tembakau trangenik membuktikan bahwa tingkat ekspresi TcAP1 tersebut bervariasi. Perbedaan level ekspresi TcAP1 ini memberikan pengaruh yang nampak sebanding terhadap perkembangan morfologis planlet tembakau in vitro.  Kultur yang mengekspresikan TcAP1 pada level sedang mampu beregenerasi menjadi planlet sempurna dan membentuk bunga in vitro.
Pengaruh elisitasi terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi alkaloida kinolin dari akar rambut tanaman kina (Cinchona succirubra Pavon ex Klotzsch) Effect of elicitation on growth and alkaloid quinoline production in hairy root of cinchona plant (Cinchona succirubra Pavon ex Klotzsch)
Authors: TORUAN-MATHIUS Nurita , NURHAIMI-HARIS . , SANTOSO Joko , ADE-HERI .
Published: September 2018

Summary Manipulation to increase alkaloid producti-vity in hairy root  can be done by elicitation with the addition of certain  enzymes. The objective of  this research is to find out the effect of elicitation by cellulase and pectyoliase enzymes on the productivity of Cinchona succirubra  hairy root culture. Hairy root was  cultured on ½ MS macro nutrient with the addition of 40 g/L sucrose and  7 g/L agar. Elicitation was done by the addition of cellulase and pectiolyase at the concentrations of 0; 0.05; 0.10; 0.50; 1.00; 3.00; 5.00; 10.00; 15.00; 20.00 and 25.00 mg/L, respectively.The effect of elicitation was  analyzed by fresh weight of hairy root, and alkaloid content in four-month-old culture.The result showed that the best growth was obtained by the addition of 15 mg/L cellulase, with fresh weight as much as  920 mg. The addition of 10 mg/L pectyoliase increased  hairy root fresh weight as much as  880 mg. The highest quinoline alkaloid production was obtained by the addition of 25 mg/L celluase (Quinine 580, quinidine 492, cinchonine 234, dihydroxyn-chonine 195 and cinchonidine 165 µg/g fresh weight) and 1 mg/L pectyoliase (Quinine 2363, quinidine 238, cinchonine 104, dihydroxyn-chonidine 138 and cinchonidine 1558 µg/g fresh weight).Ringkasan Manipulasi untuk meningkatkan produk-tivitas  akar rambut  dapat dilakukan di antaranya dengan elisitasi melalui penambahan enzim tertentu ke dalam medium. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menetapkan pengaruh elisitasi dengan penambahan selulase dan pektioliase terhadap produktivitas akar rambut tanaman Cinchona succirubra. Akar rambut tanaman Cinchona succirubradikulturkan dalam medium MS ½ hara makro dengan penambahan sukrose 40 g/L dan agar 7 g/L. Elisitasi dilakukan dengan penambahan selulase dan pektioliase  masing-masing pada konsentrasi 0; 0,05; 0,10; 0,50; 1,00; 3,00; 5,00; 10,00; 15,00; 20,00 dan 25,00 mg/L. Peubah yang diukur adalah bobot basah akar rambut dan kandungan alkaloida kinolin pada kultur berumur empat bulan. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuh-an terbaik terjadi pada  penambahan konsentrasi selulase 15 mg/L  dengan bobot basah 920 mg dan pektioliase  10 mg/L dengan bobot basah   880 mg. Produksi alkaloida kinolin tertinggi  diperoleh   pada   konsentrasi   selulase  25 mg/L (kinin 580, kinidin 492, sinkonin 234, dihidrok-sinkonin 195 dan sinkonidin 165 µg/g bobot basah) dan pektioliase 1 mg/L (kinin 2363, kinidin 238, sinkonin 104, dihidroksinkonin 138 dan sinkonidin 1558 µg/g bobot basah).
Keragaman morfologi selama perkembangan embrio somatik sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Morphological variations during the development of somatic embryos of sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)
Authors: KASI Pauline Destinugrainy , SUMARYONO .
Published: September 2018

Summary In vitro culture of sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) on an agar-solidified medium consists of somatic embryos of different sizes, colors, and developmental stages.  One gram of mostly globular somatic embryos were cultured on a solid medium to observe their morphological variations with respect to embryo size, color, and developmental stage over one passage of six weeks culture.  The medium was a modified-MS medium with half-strength of macronutrients containing   0.01 mg/L ABA and 2 mg/L kinetin.  At the end of culture passage, fresh weight of embryo increased by 2.3 folds.  The embryo numbers increased by more than two times indicating the formation of secondary embryos.  The average size of sago somatic embryos did not change significantly over the culture period; however, the embryo size was already highly varied at the start and increased gradually as the embryo developed.  At the initial of culture,   33.7 % of the embryos were yellowish, 64.1 % were greenish, and 2.2% were reddish.  By the end of the culture the composition of yellowish embryos increased to 51.2 %, greenish embryo decreased to 42.5 % and red embryos increased to 6.3 %.  At the initial culture, 61 % of the embryos were at the globular, 9 % at heart-shape and 30 % at torpedo stage.  Generally globular embryos developed into later-stage embryos as the culture progressed, although almost 56% of the embryos remained at the globular stage after the sixth week.Ringkasan Kultur in vitro sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) pada medium padat terdiri dari embrio somatik dalam berbagai ukuran, warna, dan fase perkembangan.  Satu gram embrio somatik yang sebagian besar dalam fase globuler dikulturkan pada medium padat untuk mengamati keragaman morfologi embrio dalam hal ukuran, warna dan fase perkembangan dalam satu periode kultur enam minggu.  Medium kultur adalah MS modifikasi dengan setengah hara makro serta penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh ABA 0,01 mg/L dan kinetin 2 mg/L.  Pada akhir masa kultur bobot embrio segar meningkat 2,3 kali dibandingkan awal masa kultur.  Jumlah embrio juga mengalami peningkatan sebesar lebih dari dua kali yang menunjukkan adanya pembentukan embrio somatik sekunder. Ukuran rata-rata embrio tidak berubah secara signifikan selama masa kultur akan tetapi ukuran embrio telah sangat beragam pada awal kultur dan terus meningkat hingga akhir kultur. Warna embrio mengalami perubahan selama periode kultur.  Pada awal kultur dijumpai 33,7 % embrio berwarna kuning, 64,1 % embrio hijau, dan 2,2 % embrio merah.  Pada akhir kultur presentase embrio kuning meningkat menjadi 51,2 %, embrio hijau menjadi 42,5 %, dan embrio merah 6,3 %.  Pada awal kultur, dijumpai 61 % embrio pada fase globuler, 9 % fase bentuk-hati dan 30 % fase torpedo.  Umumnya embrio globuler berkembang menjadi embrio fase lanjut selama kultur berlangsung, namun 56 % embrio masih tetap dalam fase globuler pada minggu keenam.
Identifikasi dan isolasi promoter gen pembungaan kakao TcLFY Identification and isolation for promoter of TcLFY cacao flowering gene
Authors: SANTOSO Djoko , HANDAYAN Agustina A. , MOELJOPAWIRO Sukarti
Published: September 2018

SummaryPromoter is a regulator of geneexpression for a phenotype or trait carried bythe gene. In the structure, a promoter locatedbeyond the 5’ end of the open reading frame ofthe gene on which its expression is regulated.This research aimed to isolate the DNAfragment flanking TcLFY at the 5’ end and toanalyze whether the fragment has charac-teristics of the promoter, primarily the coremotifs of promoter. Using Genome Walkingtechnique, DNA fragments flanking the TcLFYgene at its 5’ end was isolated. Analysis of theDNA sequence was done using onlinecomputer software accessible through web sitewww.softberry.com and an entry sequence ofthe flanking DNA fragment along with the 2.5kb TcLFY sequence. The result indicated thatthe flanking fragment has core motifs for apromoter at proper positions, which are TATAbox at position –80, CAT boxes (CCAAT) at -387 and –626, and GC boxes that are known asUAS were found at the -323 and –537positions. To obtain a conclusive result, thispromoter sequence needs to be furtherexamined to confirm its function.RingkasanPromoter merupakan pengendali ekspresigen untuk memunculkan fenotipe atau karakteryang dibawa oleh gen tersebut. Di dalamstrukturnya, promoter umumnya terletak didaerah ujung 5’ gen yang dikendalikanekspresinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahmendapatkan fragmen DNA yang mengapitgen pengendali pembungaan kakao (TcLFY)dan menganalisisnya apakah memilikikarakteristik promoter, yaitu mengandungmotif-motif inti (core motifs) dari promoter.Dengan teknik Genome Walking, fragmenDNA pengapit gen TcLFY di ujung 5’ dapatdiisolasi. Analisis sekuen menggunakanperangkat lunak komputer online (www.softberry.com) dengan input data fragmentersebut ditambah gen TcLFY 2,5 kb dibawahnya, mengindikasikan adanya beberapamotif inti promoter pada posisi yang sesuai,yaitu kotak TATA pada lokasi –80, kotak CAT(CCAAT) di posisi -387 dan –626, dan kotakGC yang merupakan UAS dijumpai padalokasi -323 dan –537. Untuk memperoleh hasilyang bersifat konklusif, sekuen promoter inimasih perlu diuji fungsinya.
Pupuk organo-kimia untuk pemupukan bibit kelapa sawit Organo-chemical fertilizer for oil palm seedling fertilization
Authors: SANTI Laksmita Prima , GOENADI Didiek Hadjar
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe availability of high quality and quantity of oil palm seedling needs consistent support of fertilization programs for economic production.  Organo-chemical fertilizer with rock phosphate and urea added was initiated to increased economic value of agriculture and estate crops residues. The prototype of organo-chemical fertilizer has 10% organic C, 11% N, 8% P, 1% K and 4% humic acid respectively. Based on greenhouse experiments, organo-chemical fertilizer treated to oil palm seedlings tends to provide a better vegetative growth of the seedlings.  Dry weights of leave, stem, and root of the seedlings applied with 100 g organo-chemical  fertilizer plus 10 g KCl to each seedling were significantly different compared to the standard dosage conventional fertilizer. This organo-chemical fertilizer could be applied as conventional fertilizer substitute.Ringkasan        Ketersediaan bibit kelapa sawit ber-kualitas dengan kuantitas yang terus meningkat memerlukan dukungan program pemupukan yang konsisten untuk mencapai tingkat produksi yang ekonomis.  Pembuatan pupuk organo-kimia dengan penambahan  batuan fosfat dan N ditujukan untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomi limbah pertanian dan perkebunan.  Prototipe pupuk organo-kimia ini mengandung 10% C-organik, 11% N, 8% P, 1% K dan 4% asam humik.  Pemberian 100 g pupuk organo-kimia yang ditambah 10 g KCl per bibit menghasilkan berat kering daun, batang, dan akar yang lebih baik dan berbeda nyata apabila dibandingkan dengan peng-gunaan pupuk konvensional dosis standar.  Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, prototipe pupuk organo-kimia ini dapat digunakan sebagai substitusi pupuk konvensional untuk pemupuk-an bibit kelapa sawit.
Peningkatan kemantapan agregat tanah mineral oleh bakteri penghasil eksopolisakarida Aggregate stability improvement of mineral soil by exopolysaccharide-producing bacteria
Authors: SANTI Laksmita Prima , DARIAH Ai , GOENADI Didiek Hadjar
Published: September 2018

Summary Pseudomonas fluorescens PG7II.1, Flavobacterium sp. PG7II.2, and  Pseudomonas diminuta PG7II.9 have a potential to produce exopolysaccharide which help the  formation and stabilization of soil aggregate. These bacteria have been isolated from the rhizosphere of Saccharum officinarum.  Exopolysaccharide production in ATCC 14 liquid medium with sucrose was higher than that obtained from glucose, lactose, and 4-hydroxyphenil acetic acid       (4-HAA) as a carbon sources. Producing of exopolysaccharide from these bacteria were 8.04 (P. fluorescens PG7II.1), 2.0 (Flavo-bacterium sp. PG7II.2) and 1.82 mg/mL (P. diminuta PG7II.9). Aggregate Stability Index (ASI) of mineral soil material was 114 when inoculated by these isolates after 60 days incubation period at ambient temperature. The ASI value of inoculated mineral soil material significantly different with uninoculated. The optimum of bacterial suspension to increase aggregate stability of mineral soil material was 12.5% (v/w) consisted of 109 CFU per mL.  Ringkasan          Pseudomonas fluorescens PG7II.1, Flavobacterium sp. PG7II.2, dan Pseudomonas diminuta PG7II.9, memiliki potensi dalam menghasilkan eksopolisakarida untuk pem-bentukan dan kemantapan agregat tanah. Ketiga bakteri tersebut diisolasi dari rhizosfer Saccharum officinarum. Sukrosa merupakan sumber karbon terbaik untuk produksi eksopolisakarida di dalam medium cair ATCC 14 apabila dibandingkan dengan glukosa, laktosa, dan 4-hydroxyphenil acetic acid  (4-HAA). Eksopolisakarida yang dihasilkan dari ketiga bakteri tersebut masing-masing 8,04 (P. fluorescens PG7II.1); 2,0 (Flavobacterium sp. PG7II.2) dan 1,82 mg/mL (P. diminuta PG7II.9). Inokulasi ketiga isolat tersebut ke dalam bahan tanah mineral memberikan indeks stabilitas agregat (ASI) sebesar 114 setelah 60 hari inkubasi pada suhu ruang. Nilai indeks ini berbeda secara nyata apabila dibandingkan dengan bahan tanah mineral tanpa inokulan. Jumlah suspensi bakteri yang diperlukan untuk meningkatkan nilai indeks stabilitas agregat di dalam bahan tanah mineral secara optimum ialah 12,5% (v/b), dengan jumlah populasi bakteri 109 CFU   per mL.
Produksi dan kualitas jamur tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) pada beberapa konsentrasi limbah sludge pabrik kertas Production and quality of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on selected concentration of sludge of paper industry
Authors: WIDIASTUTI Happy , TRI-PANJI .
Published: September 2018

Summary An experiment has been conducted to study the effect of sludge concentration,  waste of paper industry using raw material of recycled paper, as media on oyster mushroom production and quality. Twelve treatment tested are combination of two oyster mushroom strains are oyster mushroom of Bogor (JTB) and oyster mushroom of Taiwan (JTT), three media composition (sawdust, sludge, and sawdust+ sludge (50/50, v/v), and two levels of supplement addition (with rice bran+gypsum+ lime and without) with 10 replications. The production of the  mushroom was conducted  in bag log capacity of 1 kg fresh weight (water content 50%). The result showed that sludge can be used as mixture of oyster mushroom production with the composition 50:50 v/v of sawdust and sludge. Since the higher number of contamination, addition of supplement reduce oyster mushroom production as well as biological efficiency, but increased protein content of fruiting body. The content of Cd, and Pb were below the permissible limits, Cu was higher than the limits but still in the range. The Fe content of mushroom fruit body was higher both in sawdust (147.92 – 149.56 ppm) and sawdust+sludge (295.82 – 335.12 ppm) as media. However, the uptake of Fe of JTT was less (49.08-59.64 ppm) compared to that of JTB (147.92-335.12 ppm).Ringkasan Penelitian dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi sludge limbah pabrik kertas berbahan baku karton bekas sebagai medium terhadap produksi dan kualitas jamur tiram. Dua belas perlakuan yang diuji merupakan kombinasi dua galur jamur tiram, yaitu Jamur Tiram Bogor (JTB) dan Jamur Tiram Taiwan (JTT), tiga jenis komposisi medium (serbuk gergaji, sludge, dan sludge+ serbuk gergaji), dan dua tingkat suplemen (dengan dan tanpa) yang diulang 10 kali untuk masing-masing perlakuan. Produksi jamur tiram dilakukan menggunakan bag log  berkapasitas 1 kg basah (kadar air 50%). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa sludge dapat digunakan sebagai campuran serbuk gergaji dalam produksi jamur tiram dengan per-bandingan 50:50 (v/v). Pemberian suplemen menurunkan produksi jamur tiram demikian pula efisiensi biologi namun meningkatkan kadar protein tubuh buah. Di dalam tubuh buah JTB, kandungan logam Cd, dan Pb berada di bawah batas yang diijinkan, sedangkan kandungan Cu di atas ambang walaupun masih dalam kisaran. Kandungan  Fe dalam tubuh buah jamur relatif tinggi baik yang ditumbuhkan pada serbuk gergaji sebagai medium standar (147,92 - 149,56 ppm) maupun yang ditumbuhkan pada medium campuran sludge+serbuk gergaji (295,82 - 335,12 ppm). Serapan Fe tubuh buah JTT jauh lebih rendah (49,08- 59,64 ppm) dibandingkan dengan serapan Fe JTB (147,92-335,12 ppm).
Isolasi fragmen gen LIPASE dari kapang Absidia corymbifera, Rhizopus oryzae dan Rhizopus oligosporus Isolation of LIPASE gene fragment from Absidia corymbifera, Rhizopus oryzae and Rhizopus oligosporus fungi
Authors: PUTRANTO Riza A. , BUDIANI Asmini
Published: September 2018

AbstractDiversification of oil palm products, suchas healthy oil, needs lipase sustainability as abiocatalist. Many attempts have beendeveloped to produce lipase, includingintensive exploration and screening of severalspecies of molds. Genetic engineering for overexpression of LIPASE gene in the selectedmold is considered to be the potentialapproach for efficient production of thisenzyme. This research was aimed to isolate theLIPASE gene fragment of Indonesianindigenous fungi, namely Absidia corymbifera,Rhizopus oryzae and R. oligosporus by meansof RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase PolymeraseChain Reaction) technique using heterologousprimers. The result showed that a cDNAfragment of 462 bp has been amplified andisolated from the three fungi with differentconcentration. The highest quantity was foundfrom A. corymbifera. The RT-PCR productsisolated from A. corymbifera was cloned,sequenced and analyzed for its homology to thesequence of LIPASE gene from other species.BLAST analysis showed that the DNA sequenceof the cloned RT-PCR product derived fromA. corymbifera was highly homologous withLIPASE gene from Rhizopus niveus.AbstraksDiversifikasi produk kelapa sawit, sepertiminyak sehat (healthy oil) memerlukanketersediaan lipase sebagai biokatalis. Berbagaiupaya untuk produksi lipase telah dikembang-kan, termasuk eksplorasi dan skrining terhadapbeberapa spesies kapang secara intensif.Rekayasa genetika untuk mengoverekspresi-kan gen LIPASE pada kapang hasil skriningtersebut dipandang merupakan satu pendekatanpotensial untuk produksi enzim ini secaraefisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengisolasi fragmen gen LIPASE dari tigakapang indigenous Indonesia, yaituA. corymbifera, R. oryzae dan R. oligosporus,menggunakan teknik RT-PCR (ReverseTranscriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fragmencDNA sepanjang 462 bp dari ketiga kapangtelah diisolasi, masing-masing dengankuantitas yang berbeda. Hasil tertinggidiperoleh dari kapang A. corymbifera. ProdukRT-PCR dari A. corymbifera diklon, disekuenkemudian dianalisis homologinya dengansekuen gen LIPASE dari spesies lain. AnalisisBLAST menunjukkan bahwa sekuen DNA dariproduk RT-PCR terklon yang berasal dariA. corymbifera memiliki homologi tinggidengan gen LIPASE dari Rhizopus niveus.
Pengaruh pemberian inokulan Burkholderia cenocepacia dan bahan organik terhadap sifat fisik tanah berpasir Effect of the inoculation of Burkholderia cenocepacia and organic materials on physical properties of a sandy soil
Authors: SANTI Laksmita Prima , SUDARSONO . , GOENADI Didiek Hadjar , MURTILAKSONO Kukuh , SANTOSA Dwi Andreas
Published: September 2018

AbstractSoil aggregation is a dynamic and very important factor for the development of agricultural soil functions. Unstable soil aggregation in a sandy soil type is a limiting factor for plant growth. The aim of this study was to investigate theinfluence of a exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium and organic material on some physical properties of a sandy soil. A highly potential bacterium for exopolysaccharides production, i.e Burkholderia cenocepacia, was isolated froma sandy soil located at Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan. The isolated bacterium is capable on improving aggregate’s stability of a soil with about 60% sand fraction [medium sand fraction (MSF)]. Interaction between available water and electric conductivity with aggregate stability index has significant correlation in medium sand fraction inoculated by 109 CFU of B. cenocepacia suspension, i.e. r = 0.806* and r=0.966**, respectively. Organic materials and its combination with the addition of 108 CFU B. cenocepacia suspension treatments could increase the aggregate stability index but have no effects on bulk density and total pore space values in an artificial condition of medium sand fraction. AbstrakAgregasi tanah bersifat dinamis dan merupakan faktor penting untuk pengembangan fungsi tanah pertanian. Ketidakstabilan agregat tanah pada jenis tanah berpasir merupakan faktor pembatas untuk pertumbuhan tanaman.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh eksopolisakarida bakteri dan bahan organik terhadap beberapa sifat fisik bahan tanah berpasir. Satu bakteri potensial penghasil eksopolisakarida yaitu Burkholderia cenocepacia telah berhasil diisolasi dari bahan tanah berpasir asal Kotawaringin Barat, Kalimantan Tengah. Bakteri ini dapat meningkatkan kemantapan agregat bahan tanah dengan kandungan fraksi pasir sekitar 60% [fraksi pasir sedang (FPS)]. Hubungan antara air tersedia dan konduktivitas elektrik terhadap indeks kemantapan agregat sangat nyata pada bahan tanah FPS yang diinokulasi dengan 109 CFU suspensi B. cenocepacia masing-masing r = 0,806* dan = 0,966**. Perlakuan bahan organik dan kombinasinya dengan penambahan 109CFU suspensi B. cenocepacia dapat meningkatkan indeks kemantapan agregat tetapi tidak mempengaruhi nilai kerapatan lindak dan total ruang pori di dalam fraksi pasir sedang.
Alkaline pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber for ethanol production 1) Pengolahan awal dengan basa NaOH dan sakarifikasi enzimatis serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) untuk produksi etanol
Authors: SUDIYANI Yanni , SEMBIRING Kiky C , HENDARSYAH Hendris , ALAWIYAH Syarifah
Published: September 2018

Abstract Alkaline pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fiber was conducted to improve enzymatic sacchari-fication of EFB fiber for ethanol production.  EFB as one of the major biomass wastes from palm oil industry is a complex lignocellulosic material consists of 41.3 – 46.5% of cellulose, 25.3 – 33.8% of hemicellulose and 27.6 – 32.5% of lignin.  Alkali pretreatment of EFB using NaOH 1 N with temperature at 30 and 600C and reaction times of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes were investigated.  Furthermore, the enzymatic saccharification of pretreated EFB was examined. The pretreated substrate was subjected to an enzymatic saccharification using meicelase (10, 20 and 40 FPU/g substrate) at 400C, pH 4.5, 100 rpm for conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose in palm oil EFB to monomeric sugars. The alkali pretreatment of EFB using NaOH can significantly improve the enzymatic saccharification of EFB by removing more lignin and hemicellulose and increasing its accessibility to hydrolytic enzymes.  The results showed that the optimum pretreatment condition was NaOH 1 N at 300C and 90 minutes with the optimum component loss of lignin and hemicellulose was 45.8  % and 35.6  % respectively.  The saccharification of EFB pretreated by NaOH 1 N (at 300C and 90 minutes) for 45 hours and pH 4.5 resulted in optimum saccharification of 63.8 %.  Abstrak Pengolahan awal (pretreatment) serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dengan basa NaOH telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan sakarifikasi enzimatik TKKS menjadi etanol.  TKKS merupakan bahan lignoselulosa yang terdiri dari selulosa 41,3– 46,%,  hemicellulosa 25,3 – 33,8% dan lignin 27,6 – 32,5%. Pretreatment TKKS dilakukan dengan NaOH 1 N dengan variasi suhu 300 dan 600C dan variasi waktu 30, 60, 90, 120 dan 150 menit.  Konversi selulosa dan hemiselulosa hasil pretreatment TKKS menjadi gula dilaku-kan dengan sakarifikasi enzimatik menggunakan enzim meiselase (10, 20 dan 40 FPU/g substrat) pada suhu 400C, pH 4,5 dengan shaker 100 rpm.  Pretretament TKKS dengan basa   NaOH   dapat   meningkatkan   sakarifikasi enzimatik dengan berkurangnya lignin dan hemiselulosa secara signifikan dan memudahkan masuknya enzim hidrolitik.  Hasil pretreatment dengan NaOH 1N pada suhu 300C dan 90 menit menunjukkan kondisi optimum untuk penghilangan lignin dan hemiselulosa berturut-turut sebesar 45,8  % and 35,6  %.  Hasil sakarifikasi optimum yaitu 63,8 % dicapai setelah 45 jam sakarifisi pada pH 4,5.