bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marcadores de desigualdade na autoavaliação da saúde de adultos no Brasil, segundo o sexo
Authors: Sousa Jailson Lopes de , Alencar Gizelton Pereira , Antunes José Leopoldo Ferreira , Silva Zilda Pereira da
Published: June 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a autoavaliação da saúde da população adulta brasileira, segundo os marcadores de desigualdade em saúde (cor ou raça, região de residência, escolaridade, renda domiciliar per capita e classe social), estratificada pelo sexo. Foram estudados 59.758 indivíduos com 18 anos ou mais de idade, que participaram da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013, inquérito domiciliar de base populacional. A coleta de dados foi feita por entrevistas face a face e algumas medidas físicas. A autoavaliação da saúde foi analisada como positiva, regular e negativa. Usando-se a regressão logística multinomial, foram estimados odds ratio (OR) brutos e ajustados e os respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC95%). Foram calculados os percentuais de concordância e o valor de kappa para comparar os valores obtidos pelos modelos de regressão e os valores esperados. A prevalência da autoavaliação de saúde positiva na população total foi de 66,2%, sendo 70% nos homens e 62,6% nas mulheres. Na análise ajustada, as chances de avaliar pior sua saúde foram significativamente mais elevadas entre os indivíduos de menor renda domiciliar per capita, com pior nível de escolaridade, das classes sociais mais desfavorecidas, moradores das regiões Norte e Nordeste e que se autodeclararam pardos e pretos. Políticas públicas voltadas à promoção e à recuperação da saúde desses grupos sociais mais vulneráveis podem impactar na redução das iniquidades em saúde persistentes no Brasil.
ISOKINETIC RESPONSE, VISCOSUPPLEMENTATION AND STRENGTH TRAINING IN GONARTHROSIS
Authors: Hamdan Paulo Cesar , Miranda Humberto Lameira , Paula Thiago Gomes de , Nicoliche Eduardo Becker , Cossich Victor Rodrigues Amaral , Salles Neto Jose Inácio
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction Viscosupplementation and strength training are proposed interventions in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Objective To describe the isokinetic response in women with knee osteoarthritis who underwent both interventions. Methods A double-blind, randomized clinical trial involving thirty women diagnosed with grade II and III bilateral knee osteoarthritis using the radiological criteria of Kellgren & Lawrence. The subjects were randomized into three groups of ten patients each: one group was submitted to viscosupplementation and strength training (VST), another was submitted to strength training (ST) only, and a third to viscosupplementation (VS) only. All evaluations followed the study phases defined as pre-procedure (PRE); after 48 hours of VS (POS-VS); after 12 weeks of training (POS T); and after eight weeks of detraining (POS D). Intra-articular knee infiltrations were performed with a single dose of Hylan GF-20 and isokinetic dynamometry to determine the maximum torque in knee extension and flexion. Pain was measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS). Results The interventions promoted improvements in the isokinetic response in all three groups and in both muscle groups, with advantage for the extensor group. A significant difference was noticed in the isokinetic response of the trained groups when compared only to the viscosupplemented group (p<0.005), and the VST group showed better isokinetic response compared to the ST group. Conclusion Combined treatment with viscosupplementation and strength training, and treatment with strength training only, presented better results in terms of isokinetic response and pain reduction than viscosupplementation alone. Level of evidence I; Therapeutic studies-Investigating the results of treatment.
ELECTROMYOGRAPIC ACTIVITY OF THE ABDOMINAL AND PARAVERTEBRAL MUSCLES DURING COFFEE HARVESTING
Authors: Lima Edmar de , Santos Thiago Oliveira , Higino Wonder Passoni , Souza Renato Aparecido de , Silva Fabiano Fernandes da
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction The rural worker involved in the coffee harvest is an important person for the economy of the many countries. However, scientific studies on the health of this worker are rare. Objective To analyze the lumbar paravertebral musculature and abdominal rectus of rural workers during coffee harvesting with the manual machines with different footrest bases (inclined, declined and horizontal), by means of electromyography. Methods Eight male rural workers from the region of Muzambinho participated in the study. All procedures and electromyographic routines were applied according to the SENIAN protocol. The workers made the usual coffee harvesting movements, using the manual machine for one minute. The data are expressed as means and standard deviations. The RMS (root mean square) signal and the median frequency (FM) were also analyzed. Results It was observed that the type of footrest base did not influence the electromyographic activity RMS or the FM, but we found that the paravertebral muscles have greater electromyographic activation when compared to the abdominal muscles, regardless of the type of footrest base. Conclusion For the task performed, the paravertebral muscles present greater electromyographic activation compared to the abdominal rectus. Level of Evidence III; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.
Leave of absence due to depression
Authors: Feitosa Carla Danielle Araújo , Fernandes Márcia Astrês
Published: June 2020

Objective: to analyze the occurrence of leave of absence due to depression among workers. Method: census, descriptive-analytical study, with retrospective collection. Population composed of 2,267 workers on leave due to depression with data from the Unified Benefits Information System. The independent variables were: sex, age group, income; county, origin, number of leaves of absence and type of benefit. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used and the chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were applied. The variables that presented a value of p≤0.20 were submitted to logistic regression. Results: there was a predominance of females, age ≥50 years, from the capital, with income of one to two minimum wages, urban origin and single removal. Single leaves of absence occurred mainly due to a mild depressive episode and the benefit granted to the significant majority was social security sickness benefit. Among those who were on leave of absence more than once, the main cause was recurrent depressive disorder, a current mild episode and, in terms of benefit, social security sickness benefit. There was a statistical association between total time and absence from work. In logistic regression, it was found that the time ≥60 days, was 3.1 times longer in recurrent depressive disorder. Conclusion: there were an expressive quantitative number of absences due to depression, in which it was observed, especially, that the absence time remained long.
Change in malate dehydrogenase and alpha amylase activities in Rubus fruticosus and Valeriana jatamansi treated granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius
Authors: Ahmed S. , Zia A. , Mehmood S. A. , Panhwar W. A. , Khan W. , Shah M. , Ullah Irfan
Published: June 2020

Abstract Poor storage conditions provide favorable environment to stored grain pests for their growth. The bio-pesticides are the best alternatives to synthetic pesticides. Present study was conducted to compare toxicity of Rubus fruticosus and Valeriana jatamansi against granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius and subsequent changes in enzyme activity responsible for grain damage. In current research 5 g of R. fruticosus fruit and V. jatamansi rhizome powders were tested separately against S. granarius, in 50 g wheat whole grains for seven days in comparison with the control. The enzymatic activity of malate dehydrogenase and α-amylase was observed in the cellular extracts of S. granarius. The insects were crushed and homogenized in phosphate-buffer solution and centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 5 minutes. For the enzymatic measurement supernatant was tested; the spectrophotometer was adjusted at 340 nm. The reagents were mixed and incubated at 25 °C for five minutes. The cuvettes were placed in the experimental and reference sites of spectrophotometer and recorded the change in absorbance for 3-4 minutes. There was 5.60% and 14.92% reduction in the activity of malate dehydrogenase in R. fruticosus and V. jatamansi, treated insects, respectively. The alpha amylase enzyme activity was 6.82% reduced and 63.63% increase in R. fruticosus and V. jatamansi, treated insects, respectively. Present study addresses that both plant powders are effective against granary weevil by altering enzyme activities so both the plant powders can be used as bio-pesticides against the stored grains pests.
O FATALISMO NO TRABALHO CAMPONÊS: DA SUBMISSÃO ÀS POSSIBILIDADES DE RUPTURA
Authors: Rosa Marcela Pereira
Published: June 2020

Resumo O artigo tem como objetivo discutir sobre o fatalismo presente no trabalho camponês e suas possibilidades de ruptura. Apoia-se nas contribuições teóricas de Ignacio Martín-Baró e toma como referente empírico os relatos de camponeses da região Centro-Sul do Estado do Paraná. Os relatos foram obtidos através de uma roda de conversa com agricultores agroecologistas e da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco famílias produtoras de tabaco. Tomando como exemplo a fumicultura e a diversificação desta produção para a agricultura agroecológica, busca evidenciar as relações de trabalho como fonte do fatalismo no contexto do campesinato, e a recuperação da memória histórica, a organização social e a prática de classe como dimensões presentes em seu processo de ruptura.
GRAFITES QUE (CONTRA)DIZEM: GÊNEROS E SEXUALIDADES NA POLIFONIA DA CENA URBANA
Authors: Mendonça Viviane Melo de
Published: June 2020

Resumo Pretendeu-se analisar a comunicação discursiva de grafites urbanos sobre mulheres, feminismos, gênero e sexualidade que foram inscritos em vias de circulação e construções públicas e privadas em bairros do centro urbano e histórico da cidade de Roma, Itália. Realizou-se um trabalho interdisciplinar entre a Psicologia Social e a Arquitetura em uma perspectiva discursiva dialógica, histórico-urbanística e histórico-arquitetônica. Fez-se, ainda, a geolocalização dos grafites; contatos com principais autoras/es dos grafites e análise das práticas discursivas dos grafites, considerando, portanto, o contexto social-histórico de produção dialógico, incluindo as redes sociais. Concluiu-se que a prática de inscrever grafites na paisagem urbana permite a compreensão dos discursos sobre a diversidade cultural marcada por gêneros e sexualidades que abriga os centros históricos e a paisagem urbana, a relação afetiva e política das mulheres com a cidade, além da produção de suas (micro)territorialidades.
Onion production costs as a function of water content and soil tillage
Authors: Feitosa Jardênia R. , Fernandes Haroldo C. , Cecon Paulo R. , Teixeira Mauri M. , Costa Anderson G. , Silva Edival C. da
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Onion production is an agricultural activity whose yield is associated with environmental, market and cultural management factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cost of onion production as a function of the tillage system adopted and the soil water content at the moment of the operations. Three tillage systems were evaluated: P1 - one plowing + two harrowings + two seedbed raising operations; P2 - two harrowings + one seedbed raising operation; P3 - one harrowing + one seedbed raising operation; and four soil water contents: 12, 15, 23 and 26%, in experiment conducted at the Tourão irrigated perimeter, Juazeiro, BA, Brazil (9° 24’ 07.3” S; 40° 26’ 08.7” W, and altitude of 376 m), in 2017, in split plots, in a randomized block design, with four repetitions. The costs related to mechanized operations, manual operations, inputs and crop irrigation were determined. The economic efficiency was evaluated through the variables total cost and unit cost of onion production, gross revenue, net revenue and internal rate of return. The use of the tillage system with one harrowing, one seedbed raising operation and seeding, under the condition of 23% soil water content, resulted in higher economic efficiency.
Ganho de peso e mudança do estado nutricional de brasileiros após os 20 anos de idade: uma análise de série temporal (2006-2012)
Authors: Brebal Karine Maria de Melo , Silveira Jonas Augusto Cardoso da , Menezes Rísia Cristina Egito de , Epifânio Silvany Barros Olímpio , Marinho Patrícia de Menezes , Longo-Silva Giovana
Published: June 2020

RESUMO: Objetivos: Analisar o ganho de peso (GP) e a mudança do estado nutricional (EN) após os 20 anos de idade na população brasileira entre os anos de 2006 e 2012. Metodologia: Série temporal com base em sete inquéritos transversais do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL). As análises foram estratificadas por região, faixa etária, sexo e escolaridade, considerando-se o plano e a ponderação amostral. Ainda, estimou-se a variação ponderal relativa (VPR) no período para os estratos analisados por meio de modelos de regressão linear. Resultados: Identificaram-se dois vetores de aumento no GP após os 20 anos de idade: ano do inquérito e faixa etária, que foram mais expressivos entre as mulheres. Entre 2006 e 2012, as faixas etárias que apresentaram a maior variação temporal foram de 25-29 (mulheres: VPR = 70%; βano = 0,54 kg/ano) e 30-34 anos (mulheres: VPR = 56%; βano = 0,57 kg/ano). Em 2012, o maior aumento de GP ocorreu nas faixas etárias de 21-24 e 25-29 anos. Quanto à mudança de EN, indivíduos que apresentavam excesso de peso aos 20 anos tiveram maior probabilidade de permanecer nessa condição (ou migrar do sobrepeso para obesidade) com o avançar da idade. Contudo, entre os que eram eutróficos, a probabilidade de permanecer com o mesmo EN foi > 80%, independentemente do sexo. Conclusão: Além do efeito do tempo, a população brasileira apresentou progressivo GP no decorrer da fase adulta, sobretudo na primeira década após os 20 anos. Por outro lado, indivíduos eutróficos aos 20 anos tenderam a permanecer nessa condição.
Socioeconomic, demographic and obstetric profile of pregnant women with Hypertensive Syndrome in a public maternity
Authors: Jacob Lia Maristela da Silva , Santos Artur Paiva , Lopes Maria Helena Baena de Moraes , Shimo Antonieta Keiko Kakuda
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the socioeconomic, demographic and obstetric profile of pregnant women with Gestational Hypertensive Syndrome. Methods: A descriptive and correlational study, conducted in Maternity School Assis Chateaubriand, with 120 pregnant women, through a questionnaire analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: most women had chronic hypertension (60.83%). Regarding the socioeconomic and demographic profile, most pregnant women had a mean age of 30.9 ± 6.9 years, were Catholic, brown skin color, employed, in stable unions, complete high school education, and income of up to R$ 954.00. Regarding the obstetric profile, their Body Mass Index was up to 66, slightly elevated blood pressure, an average of five prenatal consultations, two pregnancies, one delivery and no abortions. Women with chronic hypertension were older (p = 0.0024), had lower gestational age (p = 0.0219) and a higher number of abortions (p = 0.0140). Conclusions: Pregnant women are overweight/obese, with a mean age of 30.9 years and are socially vulnerable. Pregnant women with chronic hypertension are older and have a higher number of abortions.
“Very busy”: daily reorganization of mothers to care of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome
Authors: Vale Paulo Roberto Lima Falcão do , Alves Deisyane Vitória , Carvalho Evanilda Souza de Santana
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the experiences and care practices of mothers of children with congenital Zika syndrome. Methods: A qualitative study with collection held in Feira de Santana - Bahia, between September and November 2017, from in-depth interviews and Story-Drawing with 11 family members of children, using thematic content analysis. Results: Mothers take care from experiences with health professionals and groups of mothers. They reorganize themselves in order to optimize time, streamline domestic activities, teach family members, and navigate care spaces. They experience the routine organizing the home, taking care of the children and, specifically, the child with syndrome, referring to: bedtime; giving a shower; changing diapers; feeding; playing; and, stimulating, actions mediated by intense crying and environmental preparation. Conclusion: The experiences are unique and exceptional, conforming the social representation of the mothers as a group, the “mothers of micro”, an aspect that differs from other experiences.
Trabalho e saúde: a perspectiva dos agentes de combate a endemias do município de Belo Horizonte, MG
Authors: Matos Geraldina da Costa Ribeiro , Silva Jandira Maciel da , Silveira Andréa Maria
Published: June 2020

Resumo Introdução: a incidência de zoonoses é alta no Brasil. O agente de combate a endemias (ACE) é um dos principais atores no enfrentamento destas doenças. Objetivo: Identificar e compreender a percepção do ACE sobre o seu trabalho, com enfoque na relação entre trabalho e saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal, qualitativo, sob o aporte teórico das clínicas do trabalho. Utilizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, grupo focal e análise de conteúdo. O trabalho foi realizado em Belo Horizonte (MG), no período de março de 2016 a abril de 2017. Resultados: o serviço de zoonoses é percebido pelos profissionais como não integrado à área da saúde, e essa seria uma das causas da precariedade das condições de trabalho, do sentimento de invisibilidade e da marginalização simbólica e concreta vivenciada. Os trabalhadores reconhecem os riscos à saúde a que estão expostos, com destaque para a violência, falta de equipamentos de segurança adequados e riscos psicossociais. Conclusão: a pesquisa revela a invisibilidade e o sofrimento vivenciado pelos ACE e a necessidade de mudanças na organização do trabalho visando à proteção da saúde desses trabalhadores.
Influence of concrete admixture on the bond strength of reinforced concrete submitted to high temperature
Authors: JERÔNIMO V. A. , PICCININI A. C. , SILVA B. V. , GODINHO D. S. S. , BERNARDIN A. M. , VARGAS A.
Published: June 2020

Abstract High temperatures can affect the macro and micro structural properties of reinforced concrete. This work aimed to analyze the bond strength behavior after high temperature exposure of two classes of concrete, the conventional 30 MPa and the high compressive strength 65 MPa concrete. The pullout test proposed by RILEM CEB / FIP RC6 (1983) was used for the evaluation of the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity. The influence of temperature on the physical-mechanical properties of concrete samples under a simulated fire situation was also studied for the evaluation of the resistant capacity in a post-fire situation. In addition to the analysis at 28 days, samples of the 30 MPa (group I) and 65 MPa (group II) classes were also investigated at 90 days exposed to room (23 °C), 400 °C and 800 °C temperatures. The bond strength curve was similar to that of compressive strength, where, at 400 °C, there was no statistical difference regarding room temperature and, at 800 °C, there was significant loss of strength in all cases. At 90 days age there was a loss of bond strength of 51 and 40 % for groups I and II, respectively. At 800°C the reductions were above 50 % in compressive strength and above 80 % in the modulus of elasticity, for both groups. These results show the structural impairment under high temperature. Comparing the test 28 and 90 days ages, there was no significant influence of age on the bond and compressive strength of the concretes.
Evaluation of the GPR (1.2 GHz) technique in the characterization of masonry shells of the Theatro Municipal do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: CINTRA D. C. B. , MANHÃES P. M. B. , FERNANDES F. M. C. P. , ROEHL D. M. , ARARUNA JÚNIOR J. T. , SÁNCHEZ FILHO E. S.
Published: June 2020

Abstract The geometric characterization and evaluation of structural integrity are challenges for the preservation of historical buildings. The challenges are associated to the lack of constructive records, material diversity, access and contact restrictions, and sample extraction. Non-destructive tests are indicated in these cases. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) technique with 1.2 GHz antenna in the study of the determination of material thickness and discontinuities in the masonry shells of the Theatro Municipal do Rio de Janeiro, a heritage built in early 20th century, with high historical and cultural value. With paintings by renowned artists on their intrados, the domes and vault of brick masonry were at risk of collapse in the 1970s due to differential settlements in the supports and moisture, compromising their paintings. A strengthening intervention was carried out in 1976. Considering the masonry of bricks the main component, the electromagnetic wave propagation velocity was determined as 0,15 m/ns in one of the support walls, allowing to estimate the thicknesses of the elements ranging between 20 and 31 cm. Materials incorporated into the structure were identified: reinforcement, metal inserts and bricks. However, the frequency of the antenna did not allow the detection of damages. The application of the GPR to the characterization of materials and investigation of the integrity of the domes of the Theatro Municipal highlights the potential of this technology to study heritage and other constructions.
Monitoring the Liquidity Profile of Mutual Funds
Authors: Scotti Chiara , Zer Ilknur , Aramonte Sirio
Published: June 2020

Policymakers and academics have been particularly attuned to the issues of liquidity transformation and first mover advantage at open-end mutual funds. Open-end mutual funds engage in liquidity transformation because they promise one-day redemptions on their assets, even when the invested assets have low or uncertain liquidity.
Interacción de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares y una cepa fosfato solubilizadora en Canavalia ensiformis (Fabaceae)
Authors: Padrón-Rodríguez Legnara , Arias-Mota Rosa María , Medel-Ortiz Rosario , De la Cruz-Elizondo Yadeneyro
Published: June 2020

Antecedentes: Canavalia ensiformis es una leguminosa forrajera de origen tropical ampliamente utilizada como abono verde.  El uso de hongos micorrízicos y solubilizadores de fósforo es una alternativa agronómicamente viable y sustentable aplicada en cultivos de importancia económica. 
Hipótesis: La interacción de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares y solubilizadores de fósforo favorecerá la colonización micorrízica, la disponibilidad de fósforo y el crecimiento de las plantas de C. ensiformis .
Métodos: Este estudio se realizó de marzo 2018-agosto 2019 en un invernadero con a planta cobertera C. ensiformis , un inóculo micorrízico y Penicillium brevicompactum , todas las posibles combinaciones con tres repeticiones en tres ciclos. Se evalúo la altura, número de hojas y nódulos por planta. Se tomaron muestras de raíces y suelo para determinar colonización micorrízica y P soluble. Los datos fueron analizados mediante ANOVA Factorial y test de Tukey (?=0.05).
Resultados: En los tres ciclos, la micorrización fue significativamente mayor en las plantas inoculadas con la interacción HMA+HSF (Tukey < 0.05). Esta interacción favoreció un incremento de 3.07 mg/Kg de P soluble en el suelo. Los tratamientos de HSF y HMA+HSF incrementaron significativamente las variables de crecimiento de las plantas (altura y número de hojas) ( p < 0.05). El número de nódulos osciló entre 46-76 y se detectó un efecto significativo del factor HMA ( p < 0.05) y del HSF ( p < 0.05). 
Conclusiones: La aplicación de las interacciones de HMA y HSF aumentó la colonización micorrízica, la disponibilidad de fósforo en el suelo y el crecimiento de las plantas de C. ensiformis .
Forested riparian belts as reservoirs of plant species in fragmented landscapes of tropical mountain cloud forest
Authors: Hernández-Dávila Omar , Laborde Javier , Sosa Vinicio J , Gallardo-Hernández Claudia , Díaz-Castelazo Cecilia
Published: June 2020

Background: Cloud forest in central Veracruz is highly fragmented. However, different arboreal elements are still present within the agricultural matrix, including small patches of secondary forest, isolated trees and forested riparian belts. These elements could be important for cloud forest species conservation.
Questions: What is the structure and composition of forested riparian belts within current anthropic landscapes, and what is their potential contribution as reservoirs of mountain cloud forest native plant species?
Studied species: Vegetation community of forested riparian belts of cloud forest.
Study site and dates: Eastern Mexico (central Veracruz), January to November 2018
Methods: Along 14 segments of riparian belts (?400 m long), distributed across different tributary streams, six 50 × 2 m transects were placed (three per riverside) per segment. Every plant rooted within a transect and ? 1.5 m in height was identified and measured (height and DBH).
Results: A total of 2,062 plants from 161 species, 102 genera and 55 families were recorded in the 14 sites (8,400 m² sampled). Structural attributes and floristic composition varied widely amongst sites. Elevation and the amount of forest cover (i.e., area) within 500 m of each sampling site were the most important factors underlying the spatial variation in species composition.
Conclusions: Riparian belts were remarkably heterogeneous harboring a notable richness of tree and shrub species many of them native of the original cloud forest. This diversity reveals that these arboreal elements are keystone structures for biodiversity conservation and also have a high potential as propagule sources for cloud forest restoration in anthropic landscapes.
Áreas idóneas con potencial para la producción de semillas de Pinus chihuahuana Engelm. y Pinus leiophylla Schltdl. & Cham. en México
Authors: Manzanilla-Quijada Gyorgy Eduardo , Treviño-Garza Eduardo Javier , Vargas Larreta Benedicto , López-Martínez Jorge Omar , Mata-Balderas José Manuel
Published: June 2020

Antecedentes: El modelado de nicho ecológico es una herramienta utilizada para delimitar y estimar las áreas de distribución de una especie y representarlas en forma de mapa.

Hipótesis: El modelado de nicho ecológico y los valores dasométricos proyectados a un espacio geográfico y ambiental permiten identificar áreas potenciales para la producción de semillas.

Especie de estudio: Pinus chihuahuana y Pinus leiophylla

Sitio de estudio: Provincias fisiográficas Sierra Madre Occidental, Mesa del Centro, Faja Volcánica Transmexicana, Sierra Madre del Sur y la subprovincia Carso Huasteco.

Métodos: Se utilizaron registros de P. chihuahuana y P. leiophylla y variables ambientales los cuales fueron procesados con el algoritmo MaxEnt, para seleccionar las áreas potenciales semilleras se usaron los datos dasométricos del Sistema Biométrico Forestal para el manejo de los bosques de México (SiBiFor).

Resultados: Se estimaron 3,671,978 ha como zonas de alta idoneidad para P. chihuahuana en la Sierra Madre Occidental y 420,860 ha para P. leiophylla en la Faja Volcánica Transmexicana. Las variables con mayor contribución al modelo para P. chihuahuana fueron la temperatura media anual y la temperatura mínima del mes más frío, para P. leiophylla fueron temperatura media anual y la vegetación. Las zonas con mejor calidad de sitio (relación altura-diámetro) para P. chihuahuana ( r 2 = 0.77, p < 0.01) y P. leiophylla ( r 2 = 0.73, p < 0.01) mostraron un coeficiente de determinación elevado.

Conclusiones: Este estudio ilustra una aproximación en la delimitación de áreas idóneas con potencial, las cuales podrían ser empleadas para la producción de semillas en México.
Estimación de la riqueza de especies de la familia Asteraceae en cuatro áreas prioritarias para la conservación del centro de México utilizando métodos no paramétricos para medir la biodiversidad
Authors: Leyva-Castañeda Diego , Sigala-Rodríguez José Jesús , Ocampo Gilberto
Published: June 2020

Antecedentes: la familia Asteraceae es el grupo con más especies de angiospermas a nivel mundial (entre 24,000 - 33,000). A pesar de su diversidad, no se cuenta con suficiente información sobre la riqueza y distribución del grupo para su conservación en el centro de México.

Hipótesis: el uso de métodos no paramétricos para medir la diversidad de Asteraceae permitirá obtener información para promover su conservación en algunas áreas del centro de México.

Especies de estudio: especies de la familia Asteraceae localizadas en el centro de México.

Sitio y años de estudio: cuatro áreas prioritarias para la conservación sobre todo del estado de Aguascalientes: Sierra Fría, Sierra del Laurel, Tepezalá-Asientos y Juan El Grande (2016-2019).

Métodos: se utilizaron los métodos no paramétricos ICE y Chao2 para estimar la riqueza; se obtuvo una curva de acumulación de especies. Asimismo, se elaboró un mapa de riqueza de especies en una cuadrícula de 5 × 5 km para identificar cuadrantes con riqueza alta. Se calculó la ?-diversidad para medir diferencias en composición, anidamiento y recambio de especies entre áreas.

Resultados: los estimadores ICE y Chao2 indican una sobreestimación de la riqueza observada. El grado de completitud del inventario florístico de la familia en las áreas es de 62 % para ICE y de 64 % para Chao2. La ?-diversidad indica alto recambio y pérdida de especies entre áreas.

Conclusiones: la riqueza y ?-diversidad obtenidas son resultado del patrón espacial agrupado de las especies, presencia de especies exclusivas por área y preferencias y propiedades ecológicas específicas del grupo.
The effects of bovine urine application on two soil nitrogen compounds and growth of three forage grasses in the Colombian Piedmont plains
Authors: Garzón Jaime E. , Pardo Oscar , Cárdenas Edgar A.
Published: June 2020

The effects of application of bovine urine on biomass and nitrogen (N) accumulation in 3 tropical grasses (Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk, U. humidicola cv. Humidicola and Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombasa), and on available N concentrations in soil (NH4+-N, NO3--N) were studied using a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. There were significant interactions between species and urine application over time in terms of herbage accumulation and N concentration (P<0.01), with significant differences in the concentrations of N available in the soil (P<0.01). Soil temperature and precipitation had important effects on the concentrations of both soil ions. Application of bovine urine increased dry matter accumulation of all grasses in the short term and of U. decumbens over the whole year. Application of urine increased soil N levels, but for U. humidicola and M. maximus the effects were transient. It is necessary to continue with longer-term studies in the Piedmont plains to determine the effects of livestock grazing on the biogeochemical cycles, environmental impacts and natural mitigation options that the ecosystem offers, e.g. CO2 sequestration, biological nitrification inhibitors and organic matter decomposition.
Effect of seed storage on seed germination and seedling quality of Festulolium in comparison with related forage grasses
Authors: Stanisavljevic Rade , Poštić Dobrivoj , Štrbanović Ratibor , Tabaković Marijenka , Jovanović Snežana , Milenković Jasmina , Đokić Dragoslav , Terzić Dragan
Published: June 2020

Tests of seed germination, seed dormancy and seedling growth were performed on 0-, 6-, 20- and 30-months-old seed lots of Festulolium in comparison with Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis). Tests were performed on seeds harvested in 2 different years (2014 and 2015) resulting in no major difference between the years. Seed storage affected seed viability and dormancy and seedling growth in all 3 grasses. The maximum germination of Festulolium seeds was achieved 6 months after harvest (95% normal seedlings); germination decreased significantly thereafter. While maximum germination of L. multiflorum and F. pratensis seeds was also achieved following storage for 6 months, these germination rates (93 and 90%, respectively) were retained until at least 20 months in storage. After storage for 30 months, seed germination of Festulolium, L. multiflorum and F. pratensis had declined to 72, 79 and 83%, respectively. High germination in all species was associated with higher rates of seedling growth. In an artificial seed ageing test, a temperature of 41 °C (during 48 and 72 hours) was found to effectively rank seed lots for germination performance in all 3 grasses. This test seems to have application for use in the seed trade to identify seed lots which could deteriorate more rapidly in storage. Further studies are needed to verify this hypothesis.
Evaluation of forage quantity and quality in the semi-arid Borana Lowlands, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Dalle Gemedo
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted with the aim of determining herbaceous biomass during different seasons, plus nutritive value of herbaceous species and forage on selected woody plants and documenting pastoralists’ perceptions of the value of various forage species in Borana Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Data were collected from a total of 92 main plots of 500 m2 during rainy and dry seasons located across different functional Land Use Units called Kalo (enclosed areas), Worra (grazed by lactating stock) and Foora (more remote and grazed by dry and non-lactating stock). Total herbage and leaves of woody plants were analyzed for concentrations of crude protein (CP), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and ash. Perceptions of farmers were determined through group discussions. Herbage biomass plus chemical composition of both herbaceous and woody forage species varied significantly across seasons and Land Use Units. Mean herbaceous biomass in all Land Use Units was poor (876‒1,469 kg DM/ha). Mean CP, NDF and ADF concentrations of the herbaceous samples were 62, 749 and 444 g/kg DM, respectively. Mean CP% of leaves from woody plants was higher (11%) than from herbage (6%). In both groups, crude protein concentrations were highest during the wet season and lowest during the dry season, whereas fiber concentrations were highest in the dry season. Mean CP% of herbaceous forage species was below the critical level recommended for both beef cattle (7%) and small ruminants (9%) but forage from woody species should provide a reliable supply of supplementary nitrogen. Management of rangelands should be designed to ensure that desirable herbaceous species are preserved, while desirable woody species are also a valuable asset. Determination of management strategies to ensure that the desirable mix of species is maintained is imperative if sustainable production is to continue.
Stock price reactions to capital structure changes in Chilean firms: Examining the effects of ownership structure, growth opportunities and leverage
Authors: Muñoz Mendoza Jorge A. , Sepúlveda Yelpo Sandra M. , Veloso Ramos Carmen L.
Published: June 2020

We analyzed the effects of ownership structure, capital structure and growth opportunities on stock price reactions when companies issued debt or equity. Our results, based on event study methodology and IV regressions from a sample of 70 Chilean firms, indicate that controlling shareholder ownership has a negative effect on stock price reactions for debt issuances and a positive effect for equity issuance. These results indicate that debt issuances are a substitute for majority shareholder monitoring, and that equity issuances are associated with superior corporate performance. Equity issuances are a means for expropriating wealth from non-controlling shareholders. Debt and growth opportunities have a non-linear effect.
Profil Keterampilan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 9-10 Tahun
Authors: Merdekawati Putri Dwi
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui perkembangan keterampilan motorik kasar pada siswa SDPN 252 Setiabudi Bandung. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, melalui penggunaan instrumen Test Of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) dan Movement Assesment Battery For Children-2 (MABC-2). Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas 3 SDPN 252 Setiabudi Bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa keterampilan motorik kasar siswa berada dalam tahap yang bervariasi, dengan presentase TGMD-2 sebagai berikut : yang berada di kategori above average 49%, pada kategori average 36%, kemudian di kategori below average 7%, dan di kategori poor 8%. Kemudian untuk hasil presentase MABC-2 sebagai berikut: di kelompok warna hijau (tidak ada kesulitan motorik yang signifikan) 80%, rating di kelompok warna kuning (diperlukan penanganan motorik lebih lanjut) 15%, dan rating kelompok warna merah (kesulitan motorik yang signifikan) 5%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterampilan motorik kasar siswa SD di SDPN 252 Setiabudi Bandung kelas 3 berada pada level yang cukup baik atau tidak terlalu jauh dari keterampilan motorik kasar dari umumnya siswa pada usia sekolah dasar.
Penerapan Lead Up Games Kasti di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Alfarizi Ahmad Salman
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study is to explore about the practice of lead up baseball games in increasing playing skill of baseball This research used action research in class (PTK). This research was conducted in 2 cycles, each cycle was held twice. The subjects of this research were 30 students grade V in one of school in Bandung (male: 15; female: 15). The playing skills were measured through GPAI (Game Performance Analysis Instruments). The data were analyzed by using descriptive quantitative techniques. The lead up games is the exercises that are made to resemble games so that it can improve students' playing skills in the elementary school. Moreover, the result showed that the student gained an increasing skill in every learning baseball process, starting from the percentage of pre-test, which was ranging from 32,43% to 89,19%. With this research, the lead up baseball games can improve students' playing skills in the elementary school. AbstakStudi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan Lead up Games kasti dapat meningkatkan keterampilan bermain kasti. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus dilaksanakan sebanyak dua kali tindakan penelitian. Subjek penelitian adalah kelas V disalah satu sekolah dasar di Kota Bandung sebanyak 30 siswa (Putra: 15; Putri: 15). Keterampilan bermain kasti diukur melalui GPAI (Game Performance Analisis Instrumen). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data kuantitatif deskriptif. Permainan lead up games dilakukan melalui latihan yang di buat menyerupai permainan sehingga sehingga meningkatkan keterampilan bermain siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya peningkatan setiap pembelajaran, mulai dari Pre-test presentase yang diperoleh 32,43% sampai siklus 2 sebesar 89,19%. Dengan penelitian ini bahwa permainan lead up games dapat meningkatkan keterampilan bermain kasti siswa di SD tersebut.
Implementasi Model Pendidikan Gerak sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Siswa
Authors: Arianti Winda , Budiman Didin , Slamet Suherman
Published: June 2020

This research is motivated by the low self-confidence of students in learning physical education in elementary schools so that requires educators to apply appropriate learning models to overcome these problems. One of the right learning models to increase student confidence is the movement education model. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implementation of the movement education model on student confidence. The method used was Classroom Action Research with 2 cycles, which consisted of 2 meetings each. The study was conducted at SDN 138 Gegerkalong Girang, Bandung City, with class V A samples totaling 29 (11 men and 18 women). The instrument in this study used the observation sheet of student confidence. Based on research data, it can be concluded that students' self-confidence increases.AbstrakStudi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kepercayaan diri siswa dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani di sekolah dasar sehingga mengharuskan pendidik dapat menerapkan model pembelajaran yang tepat untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa adalah dengan model pendidikan gerak. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari implementasi model pendidikan gerak terhadap kepercayaan diri siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan 2 siklus, yang terdiri dari masing-masing 2 pertemuan. Studi dilakukan di SDN 138 Gegerkalong Girang, Kota Bandung, dengan sampel kelas V A yang berjumlah 29 (11 laki-laki dan 18 perempuan). Instrumen dalam studi ini menggunakan lembar observasi kepercayaan diri siswa. Berdasarkan data hasil studi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kepercayaan diri siswa meningkat.
Pengaruh Low Organized Games terhadap Derajat Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Hidayat Rizki Aulia , Budiana Dian , Situmorang Andi Suntoda
Published: June 2020

This study is motivated by learning low organized games as a support in improving physical fitness. This study aims to develop a low organized games learning program in physical education to improve students physical fitness. The method used in this study is an experiment with a pretest posttest control group design. The population in this study were fifth grade students. The sample in this study was 62 students This study was conducted as many as 12 meetings. Data processing using SPSS software version 22.00 for Windows. The results showed that there was a significant effect of the implementation of learning low organized games on the degree of physical fitness students, there was a significant effect of the application of control group learning on the physical fitness degree of students, and learning of low organized games was more influential compared to control group learning on physical fitness degrees of students. AbstrakStudi ini dilatarbelakangi pembelajaran low organized games sebagai penunjang dalam meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan program pembelajaran low organized games dalam pendidikan jasmani untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini yaitu eksperimen dengan desain pretest posttest control group design. Populasi dalam studi ini yaitu siswa kelas V. Sampel dalam studi ini sebanyak 62 siswa. Studi ini dilakukan sebanyak 12 kali pertemuan. Analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu dengan bantuan software SPSS versi 22.00 for Windows. Hasil studi menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari penerapan pembelajaran low organized games terhadap derajat kebugaran jasmani siswa, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari penerapan pembelajaran kelompok kontrol terhadap derajat kebugaran jasmani siswa, dan pembelajaran low organized games lebih berpengaruh dari pembelajaran kelompok kontrol terhadap derajat kebugaran jasmani siswa.
From the “Influx of the Yellow Race” to “Migrant Workers”: Dynamics of the Languages for Describing Cross-Border Migrations in Russia
Authors: Dyatlov Victor I. , Dyatlova Elena V.
Published: June 2020

The phenomenon of mass cross-border labour migrations to Russia of the late imperial and post-Soviet periods was in an urgent need of comprehension in order to build relationships (for the population) and to “manage the process” (for the authorities). The novelty of the phenomenon required the formation of a corpus of migration terminology, both ordinary and official, public one. The importance of studying the issue lies in the fact that both the understanding of the phenomenon and the relation to it are implied in the terms, and a discourse is formed with their help. In the late imperial era, the familiar terminology of citizenship and social class was used, and ethnic categories started being applied. However, the key metaphor was the term “the influx of the yellow race”. It implied the idea of migration as a natural spontaneous process and of migrants as a part of racially alien persons. The Soviet era preserved the dominance of primordialist ethnic discourse, which prevailed at the first stage of the post-Soviet era migration process. However, it was soon supplemented and then replaced by social and, particularly, migration terminology. A “Chinese” becomes a “Chinese migrant”, and then simply a “migrant”, followed by a “migrant worker”. These dynamics did not mean a complete replacement of one system of representations and the description language with another; the hierarchy of discourses changed. However, it clearly demonstrates a change in the attitude of the host Russian society towards migrants and the migration situation in general
Flow Community, or Why Nobody Speaks “About Migrants” in the Khabarovsk Krai
Authors: Bliakher Leonid E. , Ivanova Alina P.
Published: June 2020

One of the specific features of most Far Eastern territories is the extremely poor (at least in comparison with the European areas of Russia) development of the discourse “about migrants”. It remains an element of narrow professional reasoning about migration as a phenomenon. Moreover, it most often refers not to a person who has arrived in the Far East (Khabarovsk Krai), but to a former resident of the region who has left for other places. In relation to people arriving in the region, much more “partitive” terminology is used, in addition, this terminology often does not have an evaluative connotation, in contrast to the concept of “illegal migrant”. In our opinion, the reason for this word usage, which is not quite usual for the whole country, is some peculiarities accompanying creation of a regional community. For the most part of the 20th century and up to now, the region’s population enlarged thanks to migrants. Moreover, due to the multi-ethnic nature of the USSR, these newcomers belonged to very different ethnic groups. Meanwhile, the outflow of the population, which did not stop even in the most prosperous years, led to the fact that every approximately 20 years the composition of the population changed very significantly. As a result, the concepts of discourse “about migrants” have acquired much more complex and differentiated semantics. This article is focused precisely on this very semantics based on a discourse analysis of the local press and interviews with the residents of the Khabaroysk Krai
Russian-Speaking “Migrant YouTube” as a Focus of Urban and Social Studies
Authors: Pchelkina Daria S. , Timoshkin Dmitriy O.
Published: June 2020

In the Russian-speaking YouTube segment, there is a large number of channels whose authors, coming to the Russian Federation from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan, publish the scenes of their everyday life in the host country: searching for a job, furnishing an apartment, meeting migration services and police officers, relationships with other migrants. These videos and comments to them describe the migration experience of the author and reflect the reaction of other migrants and host society representatives to their opinions. Such digital platforms are more than just venues for experience exchange and accumulation of social capital between the migrants;they are a meeting pointfor “us” and “them”, the conventional migrants and the locals. The specificity of the digital platform and its daily life blog focus allows us to suppose that the studies of the “migrant channels” are an opportunity to see Russian cities through the eyes of the foreign labourers. At the same time, the “migrant segment” of the Russian-speaking YouTube has hardly ever been described. The objective of the article is to partially fill this gap by categorizing the “migrant YouTube” channels selected with the snowball principle based on the retrospective online observation method, to assess their heuristic potential for further thorough sociological and anthropological studies of migration, and, if possible, to formulate several hypotheses on the social functions on the “migrant YouTube”