bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Guided Inquiry-Based Electronic Modules and Its Effects on Students' Chemical Literacy
Authors: Khairi Mizwan Amrul , Ikhsan Jaslin
Published: December 2022

One effort to present abstract concepts is the use of learning media. Electronic can provide opportunities for students to learn independently without relying on them. This study aims to determine the feasibility and practicality of guided inquiry-based electronic modules, the difference in students’ chemical literacy abilities in each class, and the effectiveness of learning using guided inquiry-based electronic modules on students’ chemical literacy. This research is a 4D development model consisting of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. This study was conducted at Senior High School 1 Tembilahan Hulu, and the participants were 60 high school students and five chemical teachers, and two validators– data collection in questionnaires and tests. This study used a quasi-experimental method and a post-test-only control group design. The data analysis technique in this research is a descriptive statistical analysis technique of percentages. The results showed that the feasibility of the product assessed by validators showed that the guided inquiry-based electronic module was proper to use in this research. The practicality of the chemistry teacher assessment shows a very good category, the chemical literacy of students who use guided inquiry-based electronic modules in learning is better than students who do not use guided inquiry-based electronic modules in learning. The effectiveness test showed that learning using an electronic module based on guided inquiry scored 0.74 in the medium category.
Contribution of domestic animals to human economic and social life
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Kocaeli, Kocaeli, Turkey, Torun Kayabasi Ehlinaz , Yılmaz Orhan ,   Department of Food Science, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
Published: December 2022

The transition of people from the nomadic life to the settled social life from the past to the present has also affected and further developed the relations of people in the settled life with animals. As people move from individual life to social life, they also experience some social and economic changes. These changes often affect behaviour patterns and lifestyles. Social changes have brought with them urban and rural differences. Along with this change, people’s perspectives on animals also changed over time, they domesticated some species defined as wild or wild animals and started to keep them as pets in their farms or homes. People benefit from various yields of animals such as offspring, meat, milk, eggs, wool, horns, nails, work, protection, life partner, guidance service. Although there are many reasons for this, the most important reason is the Covid-19 pandemic. It is clearly seen that animals provide economic, social and spiritual support to humans in this difficult period.
ORIGINALITY VERSUS PLAGIARISM AND SIMILARITY IN ARCHITECTURE: COPYRIGHT ASPECTS OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
Authors:   Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie, Poland Wydział Architektury Katedra Mieszkalnictwa i Podstaw Techniczno-Ekologicznych Architektury, Wojtkun Grzegorz
Published: December 2022

Intellectual property protection via copyright in architecture has been a matter of much controversy. This stemmed from the complex nature of the architectural creative process and its often long duration. Here, there were accusations of the means and scope of copyright protection of architectural designs being insufficiently precise, especially with respect to the inalienability of the author–work link and the lack of economic balance between the designer and the client. The subject of the unintentional infringement on another’s intellectual property in architecture in the context of plagiarism itself.
WOODEN ORTHODOX CHURCHES OF GALICIA
Authors:   Politechnika Krakowska, Poland Wydział Architektury, Kurek Jan
Published: December 2022

Since the end of the nineteenth century (i.e., for over 150 years), many studies that presented and analysed the structural systems and forms of wooden Orthodox churches. Various researchers classified and named elements and forms of these church buildings differently – especially so in the case of the individual parts of the churches. The author has investigated the structures and forms of wooden Orthodox Eastern Catholic churches since 1989. The research problem presented in this paper is architecture – the structure and form of Greek Catholic wooden churches that have survived their turbulent histories in Poland and Ukraine.
KERNAS SEBAGAI KULINER KHAS LOKAL DAERAH MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN NATUNA
Authors: Harwindito Baskoro , Abi Saptadinata
Published: December 2022

Warisan budaya dapat dilakukan dalam berbagai bentuk. Keragaman Indonesia dalam hal budaya tercermin dari makanannya, hal ini berkaitan erat dengan perkembangan industri pariwisata yang memberikan peluang bagi produk pariwisata, termasuk kuliner local khususnya Kabupaten Natuna. Tingginya perkembangan pariwisata di Kabupaten Natuna memberikan kesempatan bagi produk kuliner seperti Kernas untuk turut serta meningkatkan pengembangan pariwisata di Kabupaten Natuna, khususnya untuk menjadi bagian dari wisata kuliner. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan bantuan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan juga dokumentasi dengan hasil bahwa Kernas sebagai kuliner lokal dapat dijadikan objek wisata kuliner di Kabupaten Natuna. Kernas memiliki nilai daya tarik, dengan memiliki keunikan, produk asli dari natuna serta keberadaan Kernas yang tetap terjaga di dalam negeri yang mampu bersaing dengan produk impor. Pantai Tanjung merupakan salah satu destinasi wisata yang mengembangkan budaya Kabupaten Natuna, salah satunya mengembangkan daya tarik kuliner dan budaya aslinya, dimana Kernas merupakan salah satu makanan yang disajikan untuk wisata kuliner. Kernas yang disajikan memiliki keunikan dan rasa tersendiri dimana pengawet tidak digunakan dan dipercaya memiliki manfaat kesehatan bagi konsumen. Kuliner yang disajikan bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan wisatawan yang datang ke Kabupaten Natuna. Dalam lingkungan ini, masyarakat modern masih mengenal Kernas sebagai kuliner lokal  Kabupaten Natuna. Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Natuna diharapkan mampu meningkatkan minat masyarakat umum dan generasi muda terhadap kuliner lokal sekaligus mampu bersaing dengan masakan modern untuk membuat apa yang sudah ada menjadi lebih baik dari segi kualitas dan lebih maju
Enhancing Well Performance and Economic Value via Better Well Completion Design—A Delaware Basin Case Study
Authors: Pei Yanli , Xiong Hongjie
Published: December 2022

Operator H’s wells on University Lands acreage in the Delaware Basin were completed with a perforation cluster spacing of around 45 ft and a fracturing fluid volume of about 25 bbl/ft. However, other operators in this area used half or even smaller perforation cluster spacing and a few times more fluid. As a result, the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) of non-Operator H wells is about 18% higher than that of Operator H’s wells in the Wolfcamp Formation, indicating that Operator H’s completion design can be greatly improved. Therefore, our objective in this work is to locate a better completion design for Operator H’s wells and increase the economic value of the operator and the landowner.

An integrated fracturing→well performance→economics workflow is implemented to optimize the completion design for Operator H’s wells. First, a 3D geological and geomechanical model is built and calibrated with historic multiwell multistage completion and production data. A decline curve analysis (DCA) is also performed to double-check our history-matching (HM) model. Then, we use an unconventional fracturing model to simulate fracture propagation and proppant transport for multiple wells on the same pad under various completion designs. The resultant complex fracture network is converted into unstructured gridblocks for reservoir-performance simulation. Finally, economic analysis is incorporated to evaluate the net present value (NPV)and internal rate of return (IRR) to identify the optimal completion design.

Numerical results show that with the same amount of fluid and proppant, halving perforation cluster spacing gives shorter and more nonuniform fractures. Doubling the fluid volume creates 40% more fracture area in our target area and activates more microfractures along the wellbore. Also, a smaller stage spacing significantly improves cluster efficiency and well production. For the Wolfcamp Formation in the Delaware Basin, tighter cluster spacing (10–20 ft) with higher fluid volume (75–90 bbl/ft) plus a smaller stage spacing (~120 ft) greatly improves fracturing efficiency and well performance. Our recommended optimal completion design would increase Operator H’s NPV10 by USD 226 million on its undeveloped Wolfcamp A Formation (WCA).

With the latest modeling technologies, we model the complex fracture propagation and associated well performance and efficiently identify a better completion design with economic analysis. Compared to multiple field pilot tests needed, the integrated workflow in this work helps operators significantly reduce the time and financial cost to optimize completion design and can be easily adapted to other unconventional wells given their unique data set.
A Generalized Hydraulic Model for Propulsion Force Calculations in Radial Jet Drilling
Authors: Wiechman Andrew , Ahmed Ramadan
Published: December 2022

Radial jet drilling (RJD) involves drilling several small-diameter lateral holes from a single vertical wellbore to increase reservoir contact and production. RJD system components (diverter, flexible hose, and jetting bit) are conveyed to the target depth using coiled tubing. A high-pressure flexible hose is used in conjunction with a jetting bit to drill holes laterally. Without a rigid drillstring, no axial force can be transferred to the bit as it penetrates the rock. As a result, the bit is propelled by hydraulic means. Thus, in addition to front-jetting nozzles, RJD bits use back-jetting nozzles. Therefore, the rate of penetration (ROP) and maximum hole length (MHL) must be maximized through proper hydraulic optimization. Existing hydraulic models rely on field-measured parameters (discharge coefficient and flow rate ratio) that vary by the bit design to predict the propulsion force, bit hydraulic power, and the maximum lateral hole length. Hence, this study aims to develop a generalized and accurate hydraulic model that does not require field-measured parameters to make predictions. As a result, the new model can be used for optimizing RJD operations by selecting suitable bit designs and lateral hole geometries.

This article presents a new RJD hydraulic model that uses a discharge coefficient that varies with the nozzle aspect ratio. The model predicts the propulsion force, differential pressure across the bit, and MHL based on the design of the bit, nozzle, and lateral hole geometries, and flow rate. To verify the model, extensive experiments were conducted with single-nozzle and multi-nozzle jetting bits. The pump pressure was varied while flow rate and propulsion force were recorded during the tests. Model predictions are compared and validated with experimental data. Measured and model-predicted propulsion forces demonstrate a reasonable agreement with a maximum discrepancy of 25%. Once the model has been validated, it is used to perform a parametric study to investigate the influence of various factors on bit performance. According to the parametric study, nozzle and hole diameters, friction factor, and hose density strongly influence bit performance. Furthermore, the diameter of the nozzle has been found to have a significant effect on bit performance parameters (propulsion force, bit hydraulic power, and MHL).
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells-derived extracellular vesicles as a safer therapeutic strategy in a mild metabolic osteoarthritis model
Authors: Warmink Kelly , Rios Jaqueline ,   Suzy Varderidou-Minasian1, Torres-Torrillas Marta , Valkengoed Devin van , Versteeg Sabine , Eijkelkamp Niels , Weinans Harrie , Korthagen Nicoline , Lorenowicz Magdalena
Published: December 2022

Background: Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) hold promise as a disease modifying treatment in Osteoarthritis (OA). Obesity, and its associated inflammation, contribute to OA development and metabolic OA represents a specific and significant group of the OA patient population. Given their immunomodulatory properties, MSC and MSC-EVs are especially interesting for this group of patients as a therapeutic option. Here, we were the first to compare the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs and MSC-EVs in a mild OA model taking these metabolic aspects into consideration.
Methods: Male Wistar-Han rats (Crl:WI(Han) (n=36) were fed a high fat diet for 24 weeks, with unilateral induction of OA by groove surgery after 12 weeks. Eight days after surgery rats were randomized in three treatment groups receiving MSCs, MSC-EVs or vehicle injection. Pain-associated behavior, joint degeneration, and local and systemic inflammation were measured.
Results: We demonstrated that despite not having a significant therapeutic effect, MSC-EV treatment results in lower cartilage degeneration, less pain behaviour, osteophytosis and joint inflammation, than MSC treatment. Suggesting that MSC-EVs could be a safer therapeutic strategy than MSCs in this mild metabolic OA model.
Conclusions: In summary, we find that MSC treatment has negative effects on the joint in metabolic mild OA. This is an essential finding for the significant group of patients with metabolic OA phenotype, and might help to understand why clinical translation of MSC treatment shows varying therapeutic efficacy thus far. Our results also suggest that MSC-EV-based treatment might be a safer option for these patients, however MSC-EV therapeutic efficacy will need improvement.
Broad-spectrum Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Tumor and Infected Orthopedic Surgery - the prospective-randomized, microbiologist-blinded, stratified, superiority Trials - BAPTIST trials
Authors: Uçkay Ilker , Bomberg Hagen , Risch Martin , Betz Michael , Müller Daniel , Farshad Mazda
Published: December 2022

Background: The perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis with 1st or 2nd-generation cephalosporins is evidence-based in orthopedic surgery. There are, however, situations with a high risk of prophylaxis-resistant surgical site infections (SSI).
Methods: We perform a superiority randomized-controlled trial with a 10% margin and a power of 90% in favor of the broad-spectrum prophylaxis. We will randomize orthopedic interventions with a high risk for SSI (open fractures, surgery under therapeutic antibiotics, tumor surgery, spine surgery with ASA-Score ≥ 3 points) in a prospective-alternating scheme (1:1, standard prophylaxis with mostly cefuroxime versus a broad-spectrum prophylaxis of a combined single-shot of vancomycin 1 g & gentamicin 5 mg/kg parenterally). The primary outcomes are "remission" at 6 weeks; or at 1 year for surgeries with implant. Secondary outcomes are the risk for prophylaxis-resistant SSI pathogens, revision surgery for any reason, change of antibiotic therapy, adverse events and the incidence of non-SSI infections within 6 weeks (e.g. urine infections). With event-free surgeries to 95% in the broad-spectrum versus 85% in the standard arm, we need 2 x 207 orthopedic surgeries among all groups.
Discussion: In selected patients with a high risk for prophylaxis-resistant SSI, a broad-spectrum combination might prevent SSIs better than the standard prophylaxis.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov NCT05502380. Registered on 12 August 2022.
Protocol version: 2 (3 June 2022)
Proximal ROw carpectOmy versus four-corner Fusion (PROOF-trial) for osteoarthritis of the wrist: Study protocol for multi-institutional double-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Alanen Mikko , Stjernberg-Salmela Susanna , Waris Eero , Karjalainen Teemu , Miettunen Jouko , Ryhänen Jorma , Aspinen Samuli
Published: December 2022

Background
Scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid non-union advanced collapse (SNAC) are common types of wrist osteoarthritis (OA). Non-operative treatment consists of pain medication, splinting, and avoiding activities that induce pain. However, in case a course of conservative treatment is unsuccessful, operative treatment is needed. The two most conventional operative approaches for SLAC/SNAC OA are four-corner arthrodesis (FCA) and proximal row carpectomy (PRC). Although FCA is the gold-standard operative technique and may lead to superior grip strength, the evident benefit of PRC is that it obviates any need for hardware removal and controlling for bony union. To date, no high-quality randomized controlled trial comparing FCA and PRC exists. As clinical outcomes seem comparable, a trial that assesses patient-reported outcomes, adverse events, and secondary operations may guide clinical decision making between these two procedures. Thus, the aim of this multi-institutional double-blind randomized controlled trial is to study whether PRC is non-inferior to FCA in treating SLAC/SNAC OA.
Methods
The trial is designed as a randomized, controlled, patient- and outcome-assessor blinded multicenter, two-armed 1:1 non-inferiority trial. Patients with SLAC/SNAC-induced wrist pain meeting trial inclusion criteria will undergo wrist arthroscopy to further assess eligibility. Each patient eligible for the trial will be randomly assigned to undergo either FCA or PRC. The primary endpoint of this study is the Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) at 1-year after FCA versus PRC. Secondary outcomes include Quick-Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, EQ-5D-5L, pain, grip strength, wrist active range of motion, radiographic evaluation, and adverse events. Trial design, methods, and statistical analysis plan will be presented here.
Discussion
We present an RCT design comparing FCA vs PRC for SLAC/SNAC-induced OA. The results of this trial will assist in decision making when planning surgery for SLAC/SNAC.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04260165. Registered February 7, 2020.
The influence of recent bushfires on water quality and the operation of water purification systems in regional NSW
Authors: Jackson Reed , Krishna Bal , KrishnaPillai Karthika , Li Miao , Senevirathna Lalantha
Published: December 2022

The occurrence of extreme weather events aggravated by global warming has increased exponentially in the past decade. In recent years, New South Wales (NSW) has experienced catastrophic, unprecedented drought followed by extreme fire conditions and widespread, record-breaking floods. However, the impact of the drought and bushfires on regional water quality is poorly investigated. This study investigates immediate changes in regional environmental water quality and specific issues reported from water purification unit operations after the 2019 bushfires in NSW. Water samples were collected from the waterways in bushfire affected catchments, water intakes, unit operations of water purification systems, and treated water reservoirs. The performance of water purification processes and operational issues of regional water purification plants were extracted from daily maintenance records. Elevated levels of suspended sediment and algae blooms were of most concern in terms of aesthetic and recreation aspects of environmental water use after the drought and bushfires. Compared to the control samples, extremely high turbidity and low dissolved oxygen concentrations were reported in bushfire affected water samples. Shock loads of sediment and ash detected in waterways posed the greatest threat to aquatic ecosystems following fires. Elevated turbidity levels, suspended sediments, pH, and alkalinity were the parameters of most concern for water purification. The maximum turbidity level in raw water was reported as more than 195 NTU. Flocculation and sedimentation were the most affected unit operations in the water purification process. Immediate measures to handle shock loads due to bushfires included sediment traps, aeration on the intake lines, pre-chlorination, and inline monitoring for pH and turbidity. These results can be used to develop management strategies to minimise the impacts of bushfires on water quality and modify and operate water purification plants within bushfire prone catchments.
NPAS2 promotes aerobic glycolysis and tumor growth in prostate cancer through HIF-1A signaling
Authors: Ma Shuaijun , Chen Yafan , Quan Penghe , Zhang Jingliang , Han Shichao , Wang Guohui , Qi Ruochen , Zhang Xiaoyan , Wang Fuli , Yuan Jianlin , Yang Xiaojian , Jia Weijing , Qin Weijun
Published: December 2022

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa), one of the common malignant tumors, is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men. The circadian rhythm plays a critical role in disease. Circadian disturbances are often found in patients with tumors and enables to promotes tumor development and accelerate its progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that the core clock gene NPAS2 (neuronal PAS domain-containing protein 2) has been implicated in tumors initiation and progression. However, there are few studies on the association between NPAS2 and prostate cancer. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of NPAS2 on cell growth and glucose metabolism in prostate cancer.
Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, western blot, and CCLE (Cancer Cell Line Encyclopediadatabase) were used to analyze the expression of NPAS2 in human PCa tissues and various PCa cell lines. Cell proliferation was assessed using MTS, clonogenic assays, apoptotic analyses, and subcutaneous tumor formation experiments in nude mice. Glucose uptake, lactate production, cellular oxygen consumption rate and medium pH were measured to examine the effect of NPAS2 on glucose metabolism. The relation of NPAS2 and glycolytic genes was analyzed based on TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database.
Results: Our data showed that NPAS2 expression in prostate cancer patient tissue is elevated compared with that in normal prostate tissue. NPAS2 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in a nude mouse model in vivo. NPAS2 knockdown led to glucose uptake and lactate production diminished, oxygen consumption rate and pH elevated. NPAS2 increased HIF-1A (hypoxia-inducible factor-1A) expression, leading to enhanced glycolytic metabolism. There was a positive correlation with the expression of NPAS2 and glycolytic genes, these genes were upregulated with overexpression of NPAS2 while knockdown of NPAS2 led to a lower level.
Conclusion: NPAS2 is upregulated in prostate cancer and promotes cell survival by promoting glycolysis and inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation in PCa cells.
Diagnostic performance of an automated microscopy and pH test for diagnosis of vaginitis
Authors: Sagie Ahinoam Lev , Strauss Doris , Chetrit Avraham Ben
Published: December 2022

Vaginitis is a common gynecological problem, nevertheless, its clinical evaluation is often insufficient. This study evaluated the performance of an automated microscope for the diagnosis of vaginitis, by comparison of the investigated test results to a composite reference standard (CRS) of wet mount microscopy performed by a specialist in vulvovaginal disorders, and related laboratory tests. During this single site cross-sectional prospective study, 226 women reporting vaginitis symptoms were recruited, of which 192 samples were found interpretable and were assessed by the automated microscopy system. Results showed sensitivity between 0.84 (95%CI:0.75–0.93) and 0.90 (95%CI:0.81-1.00) and specificity between 0.66 (95%CI: 0.57–0.74) and 0.99 (95%CI: 0.98-1.00) for the various conditions. These findings demonstrate the marked potential of machine learning based automated microscopy and pH test of vaginal swabs for improving the first-line evaluation of five different types of infectious and non-infectious vaginal disorders, hopefully resulting in better treatment, decreasing healthcare costs, and an improvement in patients’ quality of life.
CellSighter – A neural network to classify cells in highly multiplexed images
Authors: Keren Leeat , Amitay Yael , Bussi Yuval , Feinstein Ben , Bagon Shai , Milo Idan
Published: December 2022

Multiplexed imaging enables measurement of multiple proteins in situ, offering an unprecedented opportunity to chart various cell types and states in tissues. However, cell classification, the task of identifying the type of individual cells, remains challenging, labor-intensive, and limiting to throughput. Here, we present CellSighter, a deep-learning based pipeline to accelerate cell classification in multiplexed images. Given a small training set of expert-labeled images, CellSighter outputs the label probabilities for all cells in new images. CellSighter achieves over 80% accuracy for major cell types across imaging platforms, which approaches inter-observer concordance. Ablation studies and simulations show that CellSighter is able to generalize its training data and learn features of protein expression levels, as well as spatial features such as subcellular expression patterns. CellSighter’s design reduces overfitting, and it can be trained with only thousands or even hundreds of labeled examples. CellSighter also outputs a prediction confidence, allowing downstream experts control over the results. Altogether, CellSighter drastically reduces hands-on time for cell classification in multiplexed images, while improving accuracy and consistency across datasets.
Applying Machine Learning to Consumer Wearable Data to Predict Complications After Pediatric Appendectomy
Authors: Abdullah Fizan , Ghomrawi Hassan , Fanton Michael , DeBoer Christopher , O'Brien Megan , Macaluso Rebecca , Carter Michela , Linton Samuel , Zeineddin Suhail , Pitt J. Benjamin , Bouchard Megan , Figueroa Angie , Kwon Soyang , Holl Jane , Jayaraman Arun
Published: December 2022

When children are discharged from the hospital after surgery, caregivers rely mainly onsubjectiveassessments (e.g., appetite, fatigue) to identify abnormal recovery symptoms since objective monitoring tools (e.g., thermometer) are very limited at home. Relying on such tools alone has resulted in unwarranted emergency department visits and delayed care. This study evaluated the ability of data from consumer-grade wearable devices, the Fitbit Inspire HR and Inspire 2, to predict abnormal symptoms and complications in children recovering after appendectomy. One hundred and sixty-two children, ages 3–17 years old, who underwent an appendectomy (76 simple and 86 complicated cases of appendicitis) wore a Fitbit device on their wrist for 21 days postoperatively. Symptoms and complications that arose during this monitoring period were gathered from medical records and patient report and used to label each postoperative day as either “abnormal recovery” or “normal recovery.” Fitbit-derived physical activity, heart rate, and sleep features and demographic and clinical characteristics were used to train balanced random forest classifiers to predict abnormal recovery days, separately for patients undergoing appendectomy for simple and complicated appendicitis. The classifiers accurately predicted 85% of abnormal recovery days up to the two days prior to the onset of a reported symptom/complication in complicated appendectomy patients and 70% of abnormal recovery days up to the two days prior in simple appendectomy patients. These results support the development of machine learning algorithms to predict onset of complications in children undergoing surgery and the role of the Fitbit as a monitoring tool for early detection of events.
A Comparative study on riboflavin responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency due to variants in FLAD1 and ETFDH gene
Authors: Yan Chuanzhu , Wen Bing , Tang Runqi , Tang Shuyao , Sun Yuan , Xu Jingwen , Zhao Dandan , Wang Tan
Published: December 2022

Lipid storage myopathy (LSM) is a heterogeneous group of lipid metabolism disorders predominantly affecting skeletal muscle by triglyceride accumulation in muscle fibers. Riboflavin therapy has been shown to ameliorate symptoms in some LSM patients who are essentially concerned with multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency (MADD). It is proved that riboflavin responsive LSM caused by MADD is mainly due to ETFDH gene variant (ETFDH-RRMADD). We described here a case with riboflavin responsive LSM and MADD resulting from FLAD1 gene variants (c.1588C > T p.R530C and c.1589G > C p.R530P, FLAD1-RRMADD). And we compared our patient together with 9 FLAD1-RRMADD cases from literature to 106 ETFDH-RRMADD cases in our neuromuscular center on clinical history, laboratory investigations and pathological features. Furthermore, the transcriptomics study on FLAD1-RRMADD and ETFDH-RRMADD were carried out. On muscle pathology, both FLAD1-RRMADD and ETFDH-RRMADD were proved with lipid storage myopathy in which atypical ragged red fibers were more frequent in ETFDH-RRMADD, while fibers with faint COX staining were more common in FLAD1-RRMADD. Molecular study revealed that the expression of GDF15 gene in muscle and GDF15 protein in both serum and muscle was significantly increased in FLAD1-RRMADD and ETFDH-RRMADD groups. Our data revealed that FLAD1-RRMADD (p.R530) has similar clinical, biochemical, and fatty acid metabolism changes to ETFDH-RRMADD except for muscle pathological features.
The association between stressful life events and mental health among Cypriot university students: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study
Authors: Sokratous Sokratis , Merkouris Anastasios , Nicos Middleton , Alexandrou George , Rafailia Zavrou , Meropi Mpouzika , Karanikola Maria
Published: December 2022

Background Previous research indicates a causal link between stressful life experiences and mental health status. However, little is currently known about the impact of the frequency and seriousness of recent stressful life events on clinical mental discomfort among college students. The aim of this study was to explore the mental health status of undergraduate university students in Cyprus, particularly the association between the severity and number of stressful life events and their mental health status. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was conducted to evaluate mental health among undergraduate students. The General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) scale was applied to assess the psychological symptoms of the students and the Life Events Scale for Students (LESS) instrument stressful life events. Results After adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics with logistic regression analysis, it was confirmed that the variable that remained before and after the comparison of stressful life events is gender, with females being 1.6 times more likely to report clinical mental distress symptoms (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–2.46). An association exists between clinical mental distress symptoms (GHQ-28 ≥ 24) and stressful life events, which are indicative of the severity of life stressors in a student’s life, and clinically significant mental distress symptoms (x2 = 56.64, df = 1, p < .001), where an association was observed between high scores on the LESS. However, a statistically significant association was observed between gender and mental distress symptoms. Specifically, females had a higher level of mental distress than did males [n = 595 (56.6%) vs.n = 213 (47.4%), x2 = 10.65, OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.15–1.80,p = .001]. Conclusion Individual characteristics, stress, negative life events and psychological distress are all interconnected. University students are a population that is at risk of mental disorders owing to the exceptionally high frequency of mental health issues in this group. The findings emphasise the necessity of widespread early interventions to shield university students against the onset of severe mental illness.
Choosing Between Human and Algorithmic Advisors: The Role of Responsibility Sharing
Authors: Gazit Lior , Arazy Ofer , Hertz Uri
Published: December 2022

Algorithms are increasingly employed to provide accurate advice across domains, yet in many cases people tend to prefer human advisors, a phenomenon termed algorithm aversion. To date, studies have focused mainly on the effects of advisor’s perceived competence, ability to give accurate advice, on people’s willingness to accept advice from human and algorithmic advisors and to arbitrate between them. Building on studies showing differences in responsibility attribution between human and algorithmic advisors, we hypothesize that the ability to psychologically offload responsibility for the decision’s potential consequences on the advisor is an important factor affecting advice takers’ choice between human and algorithmic advisors. In an experiment in medical and financial domains (N = 806), participants were asked to rate advisors’ perceived responsibility and choose between a human and algorithmic advisor. Our results show that human advisors were perceived as more responsible than algorithmic advisors and that the perception of the advisor’s responsibility affected the advice takers’ choice of advisor. Furthermore, we found that an experimental manipulation that impeded advice takers’ ability to offload responsibility affected the extent to which human, but not algorithmic, advisors were perceived as responsible. Together, our findings highlight the role of responsibility sharing in shaping algorithm aversion.
Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders Among in-school Adolescents in Urban and Rural Areas of Anambra State-a Comparative Study
Authors: Mbanuzuru Ahoma Victor , Anyaoku Chinekwu S. , Ojimba Anastacia Okwudili , Mbanuzuru Mary Chinyere , Ezenyeaku Amara Chijioke , Obi Darlington Chukwudinma , Okafor Christiana Nkiru , Okonkwo Uchenna Prosper
Published: December 2022

Background: Previous studies have reported that anxiety disorder manifestations differ in diverse settings.
Objective: To determine and compare the prevalence of anxiety disorders among in-school adolescents in urban and rural areas of Anambra State.
Methods: A total of 1187 in-school adolescents were recruited using a multi-stage sampling technique. The study instrument was an interviewer-administered pretested questionnaire adopted from General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Data were analyzed with the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.
Result: One hundred and twenty of the participants out of the 1187 (10.1%) were found to be with anxiety disorders. The prevalence of anxiety revealed that urban participants had a higher prevalence compared to their rural counterparts (11% vs 8.8%), while females had a higher prevalence compared to the males in the ratio of 3:2 (or 12% vs 8%). The prevalence of anxiety disorders among females was higher than that of males even when compared based on a rural and urban settings. When all other variables are held constant, urban participants were found to have a 50% higher chance of being identified with anxiety disorders compared to their rural participants (OR=1.500, C.I.:1.002-2.246, p=0.049).
Conclusion: Anxiety disorder was found in 10% of the participants. The females have a higher propensity to exhibit anxiety disorder than the males. Anxiety status affects how adolescents view their general health.
High Risk for Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder in Pediatric inpatients with Strabismus in Tianjin, China: Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Xue Caihong , Sun Ling , Chen Liping , Ran Min , Guo Yatu , Zhang Wei
Published: December 2022

Background The hospital-based cross-sectional study aimed to explore the high risk for Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) in Pediatric inpatients with Strabismus.
Methods Using data from the Tianjin Eye Hospital, we performed a study comparing the incidence, risk factors, and severity of ADHD in children with and without strabismus by the SNAP-IV tool.
Results A total of 401 patients with strabismus (exotropia:313; esotropia:42; vertical deviation:46) that ranged from 4 to 24 yrs and 200 healthy controls. SNAP screening detected that incidence of ADHD with strabismus was higher than controls (P=0.005).'' Inattentiveness '', as one subitem of SNAP, showed higher score in strabismic patients than control groups (P=0.027) and significantly associated with age (r=-0.126, P=0.011) and gender (r=-0.129, P=0.010). ADHD with exotropia was higher than other strabismus types(P=0.019), especially in intermittent exotropia patients (P=0.025). Additionally, the incidence of ADHD was significantly greater in male (HR = 0.539; 95% CI 0.331 - 0.331; P = 0.013) and left eye corrected visual acuity (the most dominant eyes) (HR = 0.097; 95% CI 0.012 - 0.775; P = 0.028) for strabismus patients. Subitems analysis of SNAP, except for inattentiveness, were only influenced by gender in strabismus group. Concomitant strabismic patients were more likely presented with oppositional defiant (P=0.009).
Conclusions Patients with strabismus, especially in those with exotropia, had a high possibility of ADHD, which were closely linked to gender and the dominant eye‘s visual acuity, and might have an increased risk for ADHD .
Developmental regression as a presenting feature of severe nutritional rickets
Authors: Pieridou Chariklia , Uday Suma
Published: December 2022

Background: Rickets is a disorder of defective mineralisation of the growth plate. Vitamin D deficiency remains the leading cause of nutritional rickets worldwide despite developed countries having supplementation policies in place.
Case presentation: We present the case of a 3.5-year-old breastfed boy who presented with dental abscess when a history of developmental regression was noted. Clinical assessment revealed hypotonia, poor growth and stunting. Biochemistry identified hypocalcaemia (1.63mmol/L, [normal range (NR) 2.2-2.7mmol/L]), severe vitamin D deficiency (25hydroxyvitamin D 5.3nmol/L, [NR>50nmol/L]) with secondary hyperparathyroidism (Parathormone 158pmol/L, [NR 1.6-7.5pmol/L]) and rickets on radiographs. Growth failure screening suggested hypopituitarism with central hypothyroidism and low IGF1 at baseline, however, dynamic tests confirmed normal axis. Management included nasogastric nutritional rehabilitation, cholecalciferol and calcium supplementation and physiotherapy. A good biochemical response in all parameters was observed within weeks and reversal of developmental regression by 3 months from treatment.
Conclusion: Developmental regression as a presentation of nutritional rickets is rare and requires a high index of suspicion. Nutritional rehabilitation and appropriate supplementation promptly restores motor milestones.
Nitrous Oxide Inhalation and Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Thoracoscopic Lobectomy Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yuan Yuchen , Zhang Le , Zhang Yuelun , Shen Le , Huang Yuguang
Published: December 2022

Background: Chronic postsurgical pain is a significant detriment to postsurgical recovery. Previous studies have shown that nitrous oxide may produce long-term analgesia and may benefit the prevention of chronic postsurgical pain in Asian patients. We tested the hypothesis that nitrous oxide is a protective factor against chronic pain after thoracoscopic lobectomy.
Methods: Two groups of patients with and without nitrous oxide inhalation during video-assisted thoracic surgery in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were recruited. Perioperative information was documented, and postsurgical pain was followed up by telephone. The primary outcome was the presence of chronic postsurgical pain at 6 months postoperatively. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated using a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for relevant confounding factors.
Results: A total of 833 patients were eligible, among whom 33.6% were male and 66.4% were female, with an average age of 56.3 ±11.1 years. A total of 387 (46.5%) patients reported incision-related pain at 6 months after surgery, and 160 (40.0%) out of 400 patients with nitrous oxide inhalation during surgery and 227 (52.4%) out of 433 patients without nitrous oxide inhalation during surgery developed chronic postsurgical pain. After adjusting for confounding factors, nitrous oxide inhalation during surgery was associated with lower odds of chronic postsurgical pain (OR=0.654; 95% CI, 0.480–0.890, P=0.007).
Conclusions: Nitrous oxide inhalation during surgery was associated with lower odds of CPSP in VATS patients, and nitrous oxide may benefit the management of chronic pain related to thoracoscopic surgery.
Trial registration: This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov on January 1, 2018, with registration number of NCT03363672.
Helminth infections and associated risk factors among adults in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Authors: Sayasone Somphou , Phonekeo Sengaloun , Vonglokham Manithong , Kounnavong Sengchanh , Siengsounthone Latsamy , Homsana Anousin , Gummin Sascha , Vounatsou Penelope , Nittiyanant Prawat , Worawichawong Suchin , Aekplakorn Wichai , Odermatt Peter
Published: December 2022

Background
Helminthiases are highly endemic in Southeast Asia including the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). This study aimed to assess the current helminth infections prevalence among adults across Lao PDR and the associated risk factors.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 165 villages across 17 provinces and the Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select the adult study participants (≥ 18 years). Data collection followed the World Health Organization’s stepwise approach, which includes (i) the interview of the study participants, (ii) the physical assessments, and (iii) the stool sample collection. Analysis included the description of socio-demographic characteristics and infection status of helminth infections. Logistic regressions were applied to test the association between helminth infections and individual risk factors. A P-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
From 2,800 enrolled study participants, 57.8% were female. Average age was 45.4 years. Fecal analysis detected Opisthorchis viverrini in 18.8%, hookworm in 21.6% Strongyloides in 4.8%, Ascaris lumbricoides in 2.3%, Trichuris trichiura in 1.5% of and Taenia sp. in 3.3% of study participants. O. viverrini was of high prevalence in the southern (28.8%) and central (21.3%), while hookworm (26.3%), A. lumbricoides (7.3%), T. trichiura (3.1%), and Taenia spp. (4.2%) were prevalent in the northern provinces. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that males were more likely to be infected with hookworm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–1.4). The Lao-Tai ethnic group had a 5.2-times (95% CI: 4.6–5.8) higher chance of having O. viverrini infections than the minorities. Possession of the toilet facility at home prevented helminth infections, e.g., O. viverrini (aOR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3–0.5), hookworm (aOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5–0.7), S. stercoralis (aOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5–0.7), A. lumbricoides (aOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8), T. trichiura (aOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8), and Taenia spp. (aOR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4–0.7).
Conclusions
Our study provides the first nationwide assessment of intestinal helminth infection among adults in Lao PDR. It provides critical information for guidance to the national helminth control program in Lao PDR.
Impact of Organic Compost Prepared From Different Plant-Based Residues on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth Performance of Vigna Radiata (L.) Wilczek
Authors: Nair Haritha Thulaseedharan , Nath Gokul R , Perumal Siddhuraju
Published: December 2022

The investigation was aimed to study the physio-chemical characteristics and evaluation of the quality of three different organic composts (Plant compost, Coir pith compost and Vermi compost) made by local and standard preparations. All the organic composts were prepared from different feedstocks/raw materials. All the physiochemical parameters and mineral analysis of the compost samples were done using standard methodologies. An early seedling growth performance study was also carried out using Vigna radiata seeds in respective compost samples to find out the maturity and quality of the composts as a growth substrate and for wider application in agriculture. All the organic composts had variations in their physiochemical characters and growth performance of seedlings in the treatments. Except for standard plant compost, where no germination was seen, all the other composts exhibited germination. No higher levels of heavy metals were identified in any of the samples. The outputs of the present study could be due to elevated pH and electrical conductivity of the compost, and also maybe of the allelopathic potential of the compost since it is plant-based compost. Therefore, before advocating any organic compost into fields, physiochemical characteristics and quality of the composts should be ensured so that it won’t affect the soil quality undesirably and also the plant nutrition.
Single Star SCIDAR: Real-time Cn2 profiling
Authors: Errazzouki Youssef , Habib Abdelfattah , Jabiri Abdelhadi , Sabil Mohamed , Benkhaldoun Zouhair , Azhari Youssef El , Chafi Jamal
Published: December 2022

Atmospheric optical parameters play a significant role in high angular resolution and adaptive optics. The single star SCIDAR (hereafter SSS) is one of the methods by which we obtain the vertical profile of these parameters such as the refractive index structural constant Cn2. This technique is based on the study of the correlation functions of atmospheric speckles using the simulation annealing (SA) minimisation algorithm to find the optimum solution. But the main disadvantage of this algorithm is that it requires time to extract the parameters (6 minutes or so per profile) and to have enough data in a reasonable time. That's why we have tested another algorithm called Active Set (AS) which is faster and allows us to get the Cn2 profile in real-time with a good accuracy. Indeed, real-time processing of atmospheric parameters and the precision of recovery are of great interest for many adaptive optical systems. The temporal resolution of the SSS using the AS algorithm (SSS-AS) is around 3 seconds and the accuracy is about 95%. The precision of this algorithm allows us to extract the Cn2 profile from autocorrelation functions of atmospheric speckles. The simulation results, real data processing and comparison with instrumented balloon data support this real-time Cn2 retrieval mode.
Multigrid methods for time fractional conservation laws
Authors: Jiang Yingjun , Bai Huiran
Published: December 2022

For solving the time fractional conservation laws with discontinuous solutions such as shock waves, current feasible methods are the implicit finite-volume TVD schemes which employ the Lax-Friedrichs fluxes corrected by the limited slopes (see e.g. [12]). However, the schemes are hard to implement when the fractional order α is close to zero since in their implementation there are still no efficient methods to solve the strongly nonlinear spacial discrete systems at discrete times. We, aiming at increasing the implementation efficiency of the schemes above, develop two multigrid methods to solve these nonlinear spacial discrete systems. Numerical tests show that both multigrid methods have good convergence for relatively larger α, and the second one has an advantage that its convergence is affected slightly when the order α decreases to zero.