bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kontrol Sosial Orang Tua Terhadap Anak Kecanduan Game Online Di Kelurahan Pa’baeng-Baeng Kecamatan Tamalate Kota Makassar
Authors: Ferdinandus Jebarus  , Arfenti Amir  , Muh. Reski Salemuddin  , Sriwahyuni  , Hasanudin Kasim
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kontrol sosial orang tua terhadap anak kecanduan game online di Kelurahan Pa’abaeng-baeng Kecamatan Tamalate Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskripsi kualitatif dengan penentuan informan terdiri dari 12 informan yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria anak kecanduan game online, orang tua anak kecanduan game online dan pemerintah setempat di Kelurahan Pa’abaeng-baeng Kecamatan Tamalate Kota Makassar. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: kontrol sosial orang tua terhadap anak kecanduan game online di kelurahan Pa’abaeng-baeng Kecamatan Tamalate Kota Makassar lebih kepada cara preventif a) membatasi waktu penggunaan handphone, dimana anak bermain game online dengan memberikan batasan waktu 1-2 jam bersama handphone; b) pengawasan  dalam  penggunaan  handphone, dimana  penggunaan  handphone pada anak dengan selalu mengawasi anak-anak dalam penggunaan handphone-nya, terutama untuk permainan game online; c) menasehati anak dalam penggunaan handphone, orang tua perlu dalam menasehati anak dalam penggunaan handphone yang berlebihan dan saat menggunakan handphone meminta izin terlebih dahulu jika ingin menggunakannya.
Desain Bahan Ajar Keterampilan Membaca Berbasis Pendekatan Integratif Sebagai Bahan Implementasi Model ADDIE Pada Siswa
Authors: Asdar  , Muhammad Asdam  , Vivit Angreani  , Nursamsilis lutfin  , Asia M  , Apnita Seleng
Published: February 2024

Dengan masih rendahnya nilai yang diperoleh siswa ketika diberikan tes yang berkaitan dengan pemahaman bacaan, siswa kurang mampu menjawab pertanyaan dari bacaan yang telah di bacanya, siswa kurang mampu menjelaskan kembali isi bacaan yang dibacanya, dan siswa tidak ada yang bertanya kepada guru tentang isi teks bacaan yang kurang dipahaminya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan metode integratif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan membaca siswa pada mata pelajarana Bahasa Indonesia. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V UPT SPF SD Negeri Butung I Kota Makassar dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 16 orang. Agar penelitian tindakan kelas ini berhasil dengan baik, peneliti menyusun tahapan-tahapan yang dilalui dalam penelitian tindakan kelas, yaitu: 1) Perencanaan Tindakan, 2) Pelaksanaan Tindakan, 3) Observasi, 4) Refleksi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat diketahui bahwa dengan penerapan metode integratif dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca pemahaman siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dari sebelum tindakan, siklus I, dan siklus II. Pada sebelum tindakan diketahui rata-rata 7 orang siswa yang tuntas atau ketuntasan klasikal hanya mencapai 43,75%, pada siklus I ratarata siswa yang tuntas meningkat menjadi 9,5 atau dengan ketuntasan klasikal 59,38%, sedangkan pada siklus II ketuntasan siswa meningkat dengan rata-rata 13 orang siswa atau ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 81,25%. Dengan demikian dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa dengan penerapan metode integratif dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca pemahaman siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di kelas V UPT SPF SD Negeri Butung I Kota Makassar.
Acquiring Fundamental Swimming Techniques on Fear Reduction among University Physical Education Students
Authors: Erzhuo Huang
Published: February 2024

This study examined a cohort of 30 novice students devoid of any prior swimming experience, with a six-week curriculum focusing on fundamental aquatic skills such as water-walking, breathing techniques, floating, and body balance exercises. Utilizing a Likert scale, the researchers gauged participants’ fear levels both pre and post the training program. The results of the study showed that in various scenarios related to the teaching of swimming in water, the participants’ fear level was significantly reduced. These outcomes underscore the significance of imparting basic swimming skills to students, fostering improved aquatic learning experiences while mitigating apprehension towards water. This study’s recommendations seek to influence educational practices and stimulate further research in this field. By specifically addressing the psychological fear associated with swimming, educators can establish a more supportive and fear-free environment, enabling students to cultivate their swimming prowess.
Phytochemical Evaluation, Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Indigenous Plant Ethanolic Extracts and ADMET Properties of its Phytocompounds
Authors: Abilasha D. , Palanisamy P.
Published: February 2024

The scientific investigation was made to study the phytochemical and antimicrobial analysis of ethanoic extract of some indigenous plants and ADMET properties of its phytocompounds. We investigated 27 active phytochemical components in ethanolic extracts of four medicinal plants: Andrographis paniculata, Centella asiatica, Psidium guajava, and Solanum trilobatum. The extracts were subjected to a standard procedure of qualitative phytochemical screening. The phytocompounds in the leaf extracts of the selected plants were identified using IR and GC-MS spectroscopy. The extracts were then tested for in vitro antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), as well as antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus, using Agar-diffusion methods and reference drugs Amikacin and Nystatin. Psidium guajava ethanol extract was found to be the most efficient against Enterococcus, with an inhibition area of 19 mm when compared to Amikacin. Centella asiatica showed a 13 mm zone of inhibition against Candida albicans, which is comparable to Nystatin's 15 mm zone. Molecular docking experiments revealed that Andrographis paniculata's Stigmasterol (-9.3 kcal/mol) is a good inhibitor of Staphylococcus (PDB:3FYM), and Lupeol (-9.6 kcal/mol) is a promising inhibitor of Candida albicans (PDB:4HOF). Both showed binding energies equivalent to common antibiotics amikacin (-7.2 kcal/mol) and nystatin (-8.6 kcal/mol).
Assessment of Piscicidal Potentials of Carica papaya (Linnaeus, 1753) Leaves, Seeds, and Peel Powder on Juveniles of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
Authors: Babangida Kachi, Jolly , Ruth Fanwo, Roseline , Patrick Amali, Rosemary , Timon Oludare, Tayo
Published: February 2024

In aquaculture, piscicides are used as fishing gear to combat parasitic, invasive fish species and eliminate dominant fish species in a water body. Therefore, assessment of piscicide activity is important. Hence, in this study, we have aimed to assess the piscicidal potential of Carica papaya leaves, seeds, and peel powder on juveniles of Clarias gariepinus using behavioural responses and mortality rate as the toxicity endpoints. Four hundred and fifty (450) juveniles of Clarias gariepinus were used for the 96-hour static bioassay. Five (5) different concentrations of 0 mgL-1, 25 mgL-1, 50 mgL-1, 75 mgL-1, and 100 mgL-1 containing ten (10) fish samples in triplicates were used. The physicochemical parameters of the test concentrations monitored during the exposure include Temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen, and Total Dissolved Solids. The results of the physicochemical parameters did not vary significantly compared with the control. The results of the behavioural responses showed a range of reactions, such as erratic swimming, gulping of air, loss of reflex, vertical orientation, loss of buoyancy, jumping, and discolouration. The fish mortality rate was used to determine the median lethal concentrations (LC50) of the leaves, seeds, and peel powder using the Probit method. The LC50 values estimated from Probit analysis were 147.17 mgL-1, 262.376 mgL-1, and 697.180 mgL-1, respectively. The results implied that of the three plant parts used, the leaves powder of Carica papaya showed the most promising piscicidal potential. Hence, this underscores screening whole plant parts to ascertain the most suitable for such desired activity. The substitutes of plant substances, which can act as ecologically friendly piscicides, can be encouraged against commonly used synthetic chemicals which can be detrimental to aquatic ecosystems.
A pilot study on kernel germination to enhance planting materialproduction in oil palm
Authors: G SOMASUNDARAM  , G RAVICHANDRAN  , P ANITHA  , H P BHAGYA  , B KALYANA BABU  , S N RAHANA
Published: February 2024

At present, only five oil palm seed gardens are actively involved in DXP seed production in India with cumulative capacity of 10-12 lakh germinated seeds in a year. The National Mission on Edible Oils (NMEO) – Oil Palm has targeted to increase area under oil palm to 10.0 lakh hectares by 2025-26 from the present level of 3.50 lakh hectares. For this, nearly 975 lakh oil palm seedlingsare required (Reddy, 2020). Further, conventional method of seed dormancy breaking and germination is an energy and time consuming process and produces only 40-50% quality germinated seeds. Increase in germination canfacilitate to enhance planting material production with same level of seed production. Hence, an alternate method was attempted to germinate oil palm kernel to improve germination.
Study on the exploitation of heterosis for yield and yield contributing traits insesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: A M MISAL  , P L TAVADARE  , R G GAWALI  , A R TALAPE
Published: February 2024

The present investigation was undertaken with the objective to study the magnitude of heterosis involved in 32 hybrids obtained by crossing 4 (female) x 8 (male) genotypes in L x T fashion along with their 12 parents and 2 standard checks (JLT-408 and PRACHI) evaluated during summer 2019-20 at Oilseeds Research Station, Latur. The analysis of variance for experimental design revealed significance differences among the parents, hybrids and parents vs hybrids for most of the characters indicated the presence of genetic variability among the experimental material. The crosses viz., Swetha til x V-25, V-34 x TBS-12, V-32 x TBS-7, Swetha til x R-26 and Swetha til xTBS-12 found with high heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis over check JLT-408 and PRACHI for seed yield along with other yield contributing traits. Significant heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for seed yield observedfor majority of yield and yield attributing traits.
GG HPS-2: A high yielding and large seeded Virginia bunch groundnut (Arachishypogaea L.) variety for Gujarat state
Authors: G K SAPARA  , V H KACHHDIYA  , C J RAJANI  , K L DOBARIYA
Published: February 2024

A Virginia bunch large seeded groundnut variety GG HPS 2 was developed from the cross JVB HPS 2 and GG 20. It recorded a higher mean pod yield (2835 kg/ha) and kernel yield (1945 kg/ha) as compared to the checks.GG HPS 2 recorded an average 100 kernel weight of 66.71 g, shelling out-turn of 68.61% and oil content of 48.82%. GG HPS 2 showed restistance reaction to tikka (leaf spot) and rust reaction, whereas it showed comparableresistance to stem rot, collar rot, damages due to leaf defoliators and thrips under field conditions with check varieties. Based on the superior performance, it has been released for kharif groundnut growing areas of the Gujarat State.
Evaluation of castor landraces collected from N-W Rajasthan as noval geneticresources for breeding
Authors: J JAWAHAR LAL  , K ANJANI
Published: February 2024

An exploration was conducted in North-Western Rajasthan state and a total of 114 castor germplasm lines were collected from seven districts. Most of the accessions were tall in plant height. Variability for different traits viz., plant height (50-275 cm), node number (10-35), total length of primary spike (16-60 cm), length of primary spike covered by capsules (6-60 cm), 100 seed weight (7.1-53 g), total seed yield (23-416 g/plant)among the collections were very high. These 114 genotypes were grouped into 11 clusters using D2 analysis. Among the 11 clusters studied, plant height contributed highest towards genetic divergence (45.8%) followed by total seed yield/plant (36.4%). Principal component (PCA) analysis revealed that first three PC axes explained 64.7% of the total multivariate variation while the first five PC axes explaining 81.7%. Among these diverse germplasmcollections few promising accessions identified for node number RG-3840 (10), RG-3841 (11), 100-seed weight, RG-3832 (53.2g), RG-3839 (52.6 g), RG-3831(49.5 g), seed yield/plant, RG-3851-(416 g), RG-3860 (305 g) and RG-3895 (238 g). These landraces were found to be potential source of genetic diversity to castor repository.
Relationships between morphological features of inflorescence and capsule borerincidence in castor
Authors: R SATHISHKUMAR  , P DURAIMURUGAN  , T MANJUNATHA  , S SENTHILVEL
Published: February 2024

The association of morphological features of inflorescence viz., presence/absence of spine on the capsule, presence/absence of bloom and compactness on the incidence of capsule borer was studied in breeding populations segregating for these traits. The spine and bloom on capsules were significantly correlated with per cent capsule damage whereas weak correlation was observed between spike compactness and pest incidence. Castor genotypes with non-spiny capsules and less or no bloom are expected to be less prone to capsule borer damage.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of spraying operations carried out by a drone/unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in comparison to the conventional approach forthe management of safflower aphids (Uroleucon compositae Theob) and safflowercapsule borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner)
Authors: T RAJESHWAR REDDY  , C SUDHAKAR  , C SUDHA RANI  , C MANIKYA MINNIE
Published: February 2024

The safflower variety ISF-764 was sown in the second fortnight of November, 2020. The Experiment comprised of three treatments Viz., T1: Spraying of Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG (200g /ha), Imidacloprid 17.8 SL (200ml /ha) with UAV; T2: Spraying of Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG (200g /ha) and Imidacloprid 17.8 SL (200ml/ha) with a power sprayer and T3: Untreated control. Both sprayers performed well in the management of Helicoverpa and Aphids. No Helicoverpa larval and Aphids populations were registered in T1: Spraying ofEmamectin Benzoate 5% SG (200g /ha), Imidacloprid 17.8 SL (200ml /ha) with UAVs at 3DAS, 10 DAS, respectively. The highest seed yield benefit cost ratio were ecorded in the plot sprayed with UAVs (1691 kg /ha& 4.36).
Study on exploitation of heterosis for yield and yield contributing traitsin sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: A M MISAL  , P L TAVADARE  , R G GAWALI  , A V PAWAR
Published: February 2024

The experiment was undertaken to study the magnitude of heterosis of 32 hybrids obtained by crossing 4 (female) x 8 (male) genotypes in L x T fashion including their 12 parents and 2 standard checks (JLT-408 and PRACHI). The ANOVA revealed significant differences among parents, hybrids and parents vs hybrids for most of the characters, indicating the presence of genetic variability. The crosses SWETHA x V-25, V-34 x TBS-12, V-32 x TBS-7, SWETHA x R-26 and SWETHA x TBS-12 showed high heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis over both checks for seed yield and yield contributing traits. Significant heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis observed for majority of yield and yield attributing traits.
Gene action studies in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: M K GHODKE  , J V SHINDE  , M Y DUDHE  , H P MEENA
Published: February 2024

The present investigation was conducted to study the gene action in sunflower. Thirty-two hybrids developed by using Four CMS and eight restorer lines in L x T design. The hybrids and parents were evaluated inRBD at ORS, Latur during Rabi-2021-22 for ten quantitative traits. Analysis of variance for means revealed significant differences for all the ten characters studied. CMS-249A was found to be good general combiner for head diameter, 100-seed weight, volume weight, hull content, oil content and seed yield/plant. Among the testers R/HA-1 was found good general combiner for days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, plant height, head diameter, seed filling (%), 100-seed weight, volume weight (g/100ml), hull content and seed yield/plant. For oil content IR-1-1 exhibited high gca effect. Out of 32 hybrids the hybrids CMS-47A x EC-279309-1 was with good sca effect for seed yield and component traits. The variance due to SCA was greater than that of GCA for all the characters except days to maturity and plant height. Which indicated that the non-additive gene action played important role for the inheritance of these traits whereas days to maturity and plant height were governed by additive gene action.
Influence of weather factors on male Spodoptera litura(Fab.) moth catches inpheromone trap in groundnut ecosystem
Authors: ROHINI SUGANDI  , KOLLI BHARGHAVI  , BASAVARAJ YENAGI  , P NAGARAJU  , MOTAGI BN
Published: February 2024

A regular field monitoring was done since five years at AICRP on Groundnut, MARS, Dharwad, Karnataka during Kharif &rabi/summer (2017 to 2021). In nutshell, the highest and lowest moths collected/trap were in Kharif-2021 and Kharif-2019 respectively. Collections were more in Kharif compared to rabi. Overall, the highest trap catches were in the month of July & August. The minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall had a positive correlation with the moth trapping, while the maximum temperature had a negative correlation. Pheromone traps can be used an effective tool in IPM to assess population fluctuations and forewarn the needy.
Evaluation of promising safflower accessions/breeding lines toaphid, Uroleucon compositae
Authors: P SATYA SRINIVAS  , N MUKTA  , KADIRVEL PALCHAMY
Published: February 2024

Identification of stable resistant sources for aphids is essential for development of aphid resistant safflower cultivars. Among the different lines evaluated, a high oleic acid line, BC2-F6-38-9-4-OL was found consistently tolerant to aphid. Another nine accessions were confirmed moderately tolerant.
J 87 (GG 36): A high yielding Spanish bunch groundnut variety for zone-I
Authors: G K SAPARA  , R B MADARIYA  , C J RAJANI
Published: February 2024

Groundnut genotype J-87 was evaluated in AICRP-G trials over the 6 locations and three years during the Rabi/Summer seasons of 2014-15 to 2018-19. Mean pod yield 4165 kg/ha, which was higher than the check varietiesviz., TAG 24 (3680 kg/ha), Dh 83 (3671 kg/ha), and SG 99 (3237 kg/ha). Thus, this genotype expressed an overall improvement of 13.18%, 13.45%, and 28.66% in pod yield over the zonal check varieties. J 87 recorded average100-kernel weight of 63.00 g, shelling out-turn of 71.00% and oil content 50.00%. The damage due to insect pest was at par while diseases showed comparable reactions.
In vitro and In vivo evaluation of new fungicide moleculesagainst grey mold of castor
Authors: C P MANJULA  , B PRATHIBA  , YAMNURA  , K B PALANNA
Published: February 2024

Grey mold of castor caused by Botryotinia ricini (Godfrey) is an important disease of castor. A study was conducted on in vitro and in vivo evaluation of seven new molecules of fungicides against Botryotinia ricini revealed that, among combination fungicides Fenamidone 10% + Mancozeb 50% WG recorded 100 per cent inhibition of mycelial growth at concentration of 500 and 1000 ppm under in vitro and in vivo (96.30%) next to Propiconazole (100%).
Evaluation of yield stability in sunflower hybrids by AMMI analysis
Authors: R SASIKALA  , V SANTHIYA  , T SELVAKUMAR  , L RAJENDRAN  , D UMADEVI  , T KALAIMAGAL
Published: February 2024

A total of 15 sunflower hybrids and 3 checks with three season experimental data for seed yield have been utilized for stability analysis in sunflower. Study revealed that presence of significant difference among genotypes/seasons and also due to interaction of significance for PCA1, PCA2 and PCA3. Among these, PCA1 alone recorded 92.30 percent of total sum of squares. High yielding sunflower hybrids viz., CSFH 19004, CSFH 19087 and CSFH 19086 had PCA1 score close to zero indicating that these genotypes were less influenced by environments. Hence, the above said hybrids were stable and had general adaptability for both Kharif and Rabi seasons.
Effect of nitrogen and sulphur nutrition on growth, yield and quality parametersin linseed (Linum usitatissimum) varieties
Authors: A V PAWAR  , A M MISAL  , M R RATHOD  , P R THOMBRE
Published: February 2024

The experiment was conducted with eighteen treatment combinations consisting of two varieties viz. LSL93 (V1) and NL-260 (V2), three levels of N (0,40,60 kg/ha), three levels of S (0,25,50 kg/ha) replicated twice. The results indicated that the growth and yield attributing characters like number of branches, number of capsules, number of seeds/capsule, seed yield, oil content were appreciably better in the variety LSL-93 than NL-260. Theapplication of N@ 60kg/ha and S@ 50kg/ha showed better results in improving the growth and productivity of linseed. Among the treatment combinations, V1N3S3 (LSL-93:N60:S50) was found to be the most effectivetreatment.
Safflower heterosis for yield and its contributed characters
Authors: SANGITA U FATAK  , S J GAHUKAR  , R D RATNAPARKHI
Published: February 2024

Twenty two hybrids were tested using line x tester design involving two cytoplasmic male sterile lines during rabi 2018, using Randomized block design with three replications. Twenty two along with three checks 'A-1,PBNS-12, PKV Pink' were evaluated at the field of Oilseeds Research Unit, Dr. PDKV, Akola during rabi 2019- 2020 to estimate extent of heterosis in safflower genotypes.Among all the crosses, AKS CMS 2A x GMU 1183 (46.15 % and 44.30%) exhibited highly significant and positive average heterosis for number of seeds/plant over mid and better parent. crosses, AKS CMS 2A x GMU 184 (49.26% and 34.44%) exhibited highly significant and positive average heterosis for 100 seed weight, whereas, cross AKS CMS 2A x GMU 5149 (15.28% and 9.32%) exhibited highly significant and positive average heterosis for volume weight. The highest heterosis and heterobeltiosis in desirable direction were recorded for seed yield/plant in AKS CMS 2A x GMU 1654 (246.96%) and the cross AKS CMS 3A x GMU 1183 (206.75%) showed highest and significantly positive standard heterosis over the checks i.e. PKV PINK, AKS 207 and PBNS-12.
Genetic variability studies of yield, its attributing traits and oil content in RHAlines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: M S UMA  , S D NEHRU  , DATTATRAYA BHAT  , M S UMAR FAROOQ  , K M SRINIVASA REDDY  , C P MANJULA  , K S SOMASHEKAR
Published: February 2024

Sunflower inbred lines (RHA) derived from different sources with Rf gene were evaluated during 2018- 2020.Genetic variability, phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability and genetic advance were assessed for seven traits related to seed yield, its attributing traits and oil content in 50 RHA lines of sunflower. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences for all the characters among the RHA lines. The magnitude of differences between PCV and GCV was relatively low for all the traits, indicating less environmental influence. The estimates of GCV and PCV were high for seed yield/plant. High heritability in broad sense estimates (>90%) were recorded for all the traits under study indicating, the predominance of additive gene action and selection of RHA lines based on these characters would be more valid and selected RHA lines are likely produce high yielding hybrids. Effective for target plant selection in early generation.
Factors affecting agrobacterium-mediated transformationin castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: K N ROHIT KUMAR  , P SURESH  , T SUCHITRA NAIDU  , B USHA KIRAN  , V DINESH KUMAR
Published: February 2024

Castor (Ricinus communis L.) of the Euphorbiaceae family has been an important oilseed crop for genetic transformations, particularly Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Many factors influence Agrobacteriummediated transformation, including bacterial strains, cell density, plant growth regulators, antibiotics, explant, explant genotype, light, and temperature. The available information on this topic was summarized, and prospects for improving transformation efficiency were discussed.
Unravelling the genetic variability in Brassica juncea germplasm formorphological and biochemical traits to identify suitable donor
Authors: RAKESH CHOUDHARY  , KSHITIJ GUPTA  , RASHMI YADAV  , RAKESH BHARDWAJ  , S K CHATURVEDI
Published: February 2024

In the present study, multivariate analysis was carried out among 87 germplasm accessions using 12 agro morphological traits and 9 biochemical parameters. Highest variation was observed for seed yield per plant (CV52.35 %), glucosinolate content (CV-51.59 %) and oleic acid (CV- 42.88 %). Principal component analysis led to the identification of six principal components which explained 80 % of total variation. The first (PC1) and second principal component (PC2) explained 26.02 and 18.26 %, respectively of total variation. Total germplasm accessions are grouped in to the six clusters and cluster III and IV shows maximum inter cluster distance.
Seed to Seed Mechanization Rabi Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Economics and Energy Dynamics
Authors: K MAMATHA  , G SESHU  , K INDUDHAR REDDY  , G ANURADHA  , G KIRAN REDDY  , M VENKATA RAMANA  , M GOVERDHAN
Published: February 2024

A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Palem, Nagarkurnool district situated in the Southern Telangana Zone of Telangana state during Rabi 2018-19on Mechanization in groundnut. There was a great variation between Farmer’s Practice and Complete Mechanization. Mechanization treatment recorded significantly higher pod yield (3246 kg ha-1) over farmer’s practice (2524 kg ha-1).It was revealed that 14245 MJ ha-1 energy was consumed by Complete Mechanization and 15065 MJ ha-1 by Farmers Practice. B:C ratio of Complete Mechanization and Farmers Practice is 3.45 and 2.26 respectively. It was concluded that mechanization is a prerequisite in groundnut for achieving higher productivity with reduced cost of cultivation.
Knowledge level of sunflower farmers under public andprivate extension systems
Authors: BHUMIREDDY CHANDHANA  , G D S KUMAR  , R S SENGAR
Published: February 2024

A test was constructed to measure the farmers’ knowledge level on sunflower cultivation and administrated to 183 and 167 farmers under public and private extension systems, respectively. The farmers were selected from Chikballapur, Kadapa, Nizamabad and Raigarh districts of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Chhattisgarh states. The item analysis indicated significant differences in knowledge level of farmers on best season to grow sunflower crop, most suitable period of sowing sunflower crop during Rabi, suitable sunflower hybrids, application of fertilizers and bee keeping increases yield in sunflower under public and private extension systems.
Genetic enhancement for grain yield and mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) resistance through introgressions from Glycine soja
Authors: SHIVAKUMAR MARANNA  , GIRIRAJ KUMAWAT  , VENNAMPALLY NATARAJ  , BALWINDER S GILL  , RAGHAVENDRA MADAR  , SANJAY GUPTA
Published: February 2024

The current study aimed at development of early maturing, mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) resistant and higher yield soybean genotypes. Through a series of backcrosses (BC4 generation) MYMIV resistance gene has been introgressed from G. soja in to a widely adaptable cultivar JS 335. Introgression lines, viz., YMV1, YMV2, YMV 11 and YMV 16 having MYMIV resistance and higher yield performance over recurrent parent and other check varieties were identified and characterized. GGE biplots analysis revealed YMV 16 as ideal genotype with respect to 100-seed weight and grain yield whereas YMV 11 was promising under sugarcane-soybean intercropping system in spring season. Further, study also reports the development of an extra-early maturing (72 days) genetic stock NRC 252, which can be a potential parent in breeding for early maturing soybean varieties. Inconclusion, alleles from wild type soybean could improve yield and MYMIV resistance in cultivated soybean. The genotypes developed in the present study will help in reducing the damage caused by MYMIV disease and area expansion of the soybean crop through intercropping with sugarcane.
A new safflower variety- parbhani suverna (pbns-154) resistant to biotic stress released for Maharashtra state
Authors: S B GHUGE  , S A SHINDE  , C V AMBADKAR  , V M PANCHAL
Published: February 2024

A new safflower variety Parbhani Suverna (PBNS-154) was evaluated in IET and RMT at different research station of VNMKV, Parbhani under rainfed and irrigated conditions during 2016-2021 for seed and oil yield as well as reaction to biotic stresses viz; Alternaria leaf spot, Fusarium wilt and aphid pest in comparison with the checks PBNS-12 and sharada. It has recorded 23.62 and 27.69% higher seed yield over the checks PBNS-12 and sharada, respectively. This variety was found tolerant to Fusarium wilt and Alternaria leaf spot disease reaction and also moderately resistant to aphid pest as compared with all other qualifying varieties and checks. Hence, the variety PBNS -154 is released for cultivation in Safflower growing areas of Maharashtra.
ICT and social media digital initiatives for effective dissemination of Soybean technologies
Authors: B U DUPARE  , SAVITA KOLHE
Published: February 2024

In India, the use of social media and ICTs has gained popularity in the last decade consequent to the digital revolution. In line with these developments, the ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research has started use of social media platforms like WhatsApp, YouTube and Facebook etc. for dissemination of information related to the improved soybean production technologies developed by the Soybean R&D system and facilitating feedback mechanisms among the clients and their interaction with the research system using different ICT tools. Institute has also developed many software to use the potential of Information Communication Technologies (ICT) in best manner. These ICT tools help the farming as well as scientific community in solving different problems and improve and issues as well as for decision making in real time situations.
Value chain analysis of Safflower – A study in Vikarabad district of Telangana
Authors: G SOWMYA  , K SRAVANTHI
Published: February 2024

The study investigated the movement of safflower seeds from farmer to consumers and also the costs and returns incurred by the safflower farmers. Tracking the movement of safflower from farm to consumer will identify all the stakeholders involved in the value chain. For accomplishing these objectives primary data required was collected from the farmers and also the other stakeholders from the study area with the help of schedules. Value chain analysis identified that the main activities included input logistics, production, marketing and processing. Input logistics includes the activities that involve the movement of the inputs like seeds, fertilizers and pesticides from suppliers to farmers. The data obtained was analysed and it indicated that the value addition to safflower was restricted to marketing onty two products, refined and cold pressed safflower oil, while there was scope for many other products like dyes, cosmetics and food colouring products. Some possible strategies to increase the value chain in this crop are discussed.
Characterization of sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) lines for Alternariaster leaf spot disease resistance
Authors: VIKAS V KULKARNI  , POORNIMA  , VIJAYKUMAR GHANTE  , M R UMESH
Published: February 2024

Leaf spot disease is an important disease of sunflower that reduces the photosynthetic area and causes the yield loss. An investigation was undertaken for screening of breeding lines to Alternariaster leaf spot during Kharif 2021. Among 75 breeding lines including susceptible check KBSH-44 evaluated in augmented block design with two replications at Sunflower Scheme, MARS, Raichur, five lines viz., RSLP-18 (PDI=8), RSLP-22(PDI=8), RSLP98(PDI=7.5), RCB-19-9(PDI=7.5) and PM-160 (PDI=9) with resistant reaction to Alternariaster leaf spot whereas RSLP-89, RSLP-99 and PM7 recorded medium resistance reaction in post-flowering stage.
Identification of restorer lines for diversified CMS lines in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: VIKAS KULKARNI  , M R UMESH  , N G VIJAYKUMAR  , POORNIMA  , H P MEENA
Published: February 2024

The material for the study consisted of three stable CMS lines viz., CMS 103A, CMS104A, and CMS 38A as female lines and 50 new inbred lines as testers. All the three CMS lines and 50 inbred lines were crossed in a Line × Tester fashion and resultant 150 hybrids were evaluated for fertility restoration. Among common restorers across all three CMS lines, RCR-20-8 recorded highest gca for seed yield, oil content and plant height, followed by RCR20-19 for head diameter and seed yield; RCR-20-13 for volume weight and early flowering. These lines can be used as testers for developing hybrids and also for development of new tester lines with combination of desirable characters.
Phule Kiran (SSF 16-02): A new spiny and high yield Safflower variety for rainfed and irrigated conditions of the country
Authors: A B RAJGURU  , L N TAGAD  , D R MURUMKAR  , S I TAMBE  , S K SHINDE
Published: February 2024

A Safflower variety Phule Kiran (SSF 16-02) derived through the pedigree selection method from a germplasm GMU-2757 was evaluated in station trial for yield during 2015-16 and tested in University multilocation varietal trial during 2016-17, simultaneously; it was evaluated in All India Coordinated Varietal Trial from 2017-18, 2018-19, and 2019-20. Based on the performance in station, university multilocation varietal trial, and coordinated trials, Phule kiran (SSF 16-02) recorded 9.84 % and 17.47 higher yield over the check A1 and PBNS 12 respectively. Also SSF 16-02 recorded 14.98 % and 18.67 % higher oil yield over the checks A1 and PBNS 12 respectively. It was responsive to higher doses of fertiliser and late sown conditions. The variety Phule kiran (SSF 16-02) was identified in Annual Group Meeting held at IIOR, Hyderabad during 13-14th August 2020 for rainfed andirrigated safflower growing areas of the country (Maharashtra, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgad and Telegana state).
Identification of resistant sources against Fusarium wilt of safflower
Authors: H N AIWALE  , D R MURUMKAR  , L N TAGAD
Published: February 2024

A field evaluation of 37 advanced generation breeding material and parental lines of safflower was carried out under wilt sick plot condition at Solapur, Tandur and IIOR, Hyderabad for identifying resistant sources against Fusarium wilt. Four genotypes viz., GMU-5032, GMU-4109, SAF-19-20, and SAF-19-09 were found resistant to Fusarium wilt at all three locations. These resistant sources can be used in breeding programme for development of a variety resistant to Fusarium wilt.
Response of soybean to novel bio formulation on growth and yield enhancement in Soybean
Authors: G SOMANAGOUDA  , SHALINI HUILGOL  , R CHANNAKESHAVA  , G K NAIDU  , HARSHIYA BANU  , S R SALKINKOP
Published: February 2024

A field experiment was conducted in kharif 2021 to assess the response of bioformulations in conjunction with RDF on soybean. Seven treatments comprised of bioformulation combinations of recommended dose of fertilizers in conjunction with BioZn, Bio NPK, Rhizobium + MDSR 14 + 12c, one absolute RDF along with control were analyzed in a randomized block design and were replicated thrice. Maximum yield (2702 kg/ha) was obtained with application of RDF only followed by 75 % RDF + Rhizobium + MDSR 14 + 12c (2563 kg/ha) which signified the yield improvement is possible with combined application of fertilizers and biofertilizers.
Present status, production constraints and future research strategies in oilseed brassica
Authors: MAHAK SINGH  , AMIT TOMAR  , SANJAY KUMAR
Published: February 2024

The oleiferous Brassica species, commonly known as rapeseed-mustard, are one of the economically important agricultural commodities. Rapeseed-mustard comprising eight different species viz., Indian mustard, toria, yellow sarson, brown sarson, gobhi sarson, karan rai, black mustard and taramira, are being cultivated in 53 countries spreading all over the globe. The oil and protein content varies from 37 to 49% and 22-28%, respectively. The seed and oil are used as condiment in the preparation of pickles and for flavouring curries and vegetables. The oil is utilized for human consumption throughout the northern India in cooking and frying purposes. It is also used in the preparation of hair oils and medicines. It is used in soap making, in mixtures with mineral oils for lubrication. Rapeseed oil is used in the manufacture of grease. The oil cake is used as feed and manure. Green stem and leaves var. toria), brown sarson (Brassica campestris L. var. brown sarson), yellow sarson (Brassica campestris L.var. yellow sarson), Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss], black mustard (Brassica nigra) and taramira (Eruca sativa /vesicaria Mill.), which have been grown since about 3,500 BC along with nontraditional species like gobhi sarson (Brassica napusL.)and Ethiopian mustard or karanrai (Brassica carinata A. Braun).
Influence of weather parameters on foliar diseases of sesame
Authors: K N GUPTA  , JAINPAL RATHOR  , RAJANI BISEN  , SURBHI JAIN
Published: February 2024

Three years field experiment was conducted on sesame during Kharif 2015 to 2017 to find out the effect of climate factor and management for foliar disease in sesame. In this experiment, i.e. three sesame varieties, JTS-8, TKG-21 and GT-10 were sown with two treatments protected and unprotected. The severity of powdery mildew and Alternaria and Cercospora was recorded at weekly intervals using 0 - 5 grade scale. The disease severity was correlated with the weather parameters. Correlation of diseases with the weather parameters indicated that Alternaria and Cercospora severity was positively correlated with Relative humidity observed during morning and evening. Similarly, the powdery mildew was also positively correlated with relative humidity.
Efficacy of seed soaking in different phytoextracts for the management of charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina (tasi) Goid) of sesame
Authors: K N GUPTA  , AKSHAY SALBARDE  , RAJNI BISEN
Published: February 2024

The effect of sixteen plant extracts were evaluated for the management of root & stem rot of sesame by seed soaking method under in-vivo (sick plot condition) at 20 percent of concentrations in two sesame varieties. In variety RT-346 garlic extract was found most effective as a seed treatment among all the tested plant extract against M. phaseolina by 78.44 percent of healthy plant followed by the onion 77.28 percent. In VRI-1 variety, garlic extract was found most effective as a seed treatment among all the tested plant extract against M. phaseolina by 79.66 per cent of healthy plant followed by the onion 75.81 per cent.
Nutraceutical potential of traditional fermented soybean (Hawaijar)
Authors: LOITONGBAM SOPHIA DEVI  , HEISNAM NANITA DEVI  , NILIMA KARAM  , TOIJAM SUNANDA DEVI
Published: February 2024

Fermentation not only reduces the toxins but also it is an excellent processing method for improving nutritional and functional properties of soybean due to the increased content of small bioactive compounds. The NEH region of India also has similar traditional fermented soy products. ACE inhibitory activity was found to increase during fermentation and exhibited higher ACE inhibition percent in starter culture strain (H) than starter culture strain (S) of both the soybean used (local small variety and JS-335). Fermentation of soybean with different micro-organisms improve the bio-functional properties due to the increase in free isoflavones and peptides.
Variability of M. phaseolina Sesame isolates obtained from different geographical region
Authors: SHIVANI NAGPURE  , K N GUPTA  , AKSHAY SALBARDE
Published: February 2024

The cultural characteristics of the three isolates were studied, the cultural characters of the isolates colony growth, colony texture, colony colour type studied. Into which all the isolates show variability into the characters of the isolates. In case of colony colour isolate Mp 1 (Jabalpur, M.P.) and Isolate Mp 2 (Mandor, R.J.) show grey coloured colony was observed but isolate Mp 3 (Vridhachalam, T.N.) show dark black colour colony. In case of colony texture two type of colony texture was seen, Appressed and fluffy growth and suppressed and dense growth. In case of Mp 1 (Jabalpur) and Mp 2 (Mandor) isolate , appressed and fluffy growth types of growth was observed while in case of isolate Mp 3 (Vridhachalam) suppressed and dense growth was seen. All the isolates of M. phaseolina do not show any kind of significant difference in colony growth. Maximum radial growth (90.00 mm)was observed in all three isolates of M. phaseolina.
Stability analysis of different sunflower hybrids (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: N D SARODE  , A M LANGHI  , S U GAWALI  , G N DEORE
Published: February 2024

In present study eleven hybrids along with two check hybrids were evaluated for seed yield/plot (g), head diameter (cm), plant height (cm) and 100 seed weight (g) over three environments. The Genotype x environment interaction was found significant for all the characters suggesting the presence of genetic variability in the hybrid population. The environment indices revealed that E1 was the favorable environment for seed yield/plot (g), E2 for 100 seed weight (g), and for plant height (cm) and head diameter environment E3 was favorable. With respect to stability parameter, the hybrids SVSH-488, SVSH-514, SVSH-517 and check Phule Raviraj were stable for seed yield/plot (g); SVSH-520 for head diameter (cm); SVSH-488, SVSH-512, SVSH-517, SVSH-519 and check Phule Raviraj stable for 100 seed weight (g) with high mean, bi value nearer to unity (bi=1) and non-significant S2di. For plant height (cm) SVSH-512, SVSH-513, SVSH-514 and SVSH-517 showed stable performance.
A New Report: Niger (Guizotia abyssinica), a new host of Phytoplasma in Madhya Pradesh India
Authors: K N GUPTA  , RAJNI BISEN  , AKSHAY
Published: February 2024

Niger (Guizotia abyssinica) is one of the important minor oilseed crops in India. Phyllody disease on niger was noticed for the first time at Research Farm of Project Co-ordinating Unit, Sesame and Niger, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.) during the year kharif 202021 and noticed again in 2021-22.
Evaluation of soybean genotypes for high temperature tolerance during reproductive stages
Authors: SUBHASH CHANDRA  , GIRIRAJ KUMAWAT  , GYANESH K SATPUTE  , V S BHATIA  , SANJAY GUPTA  , DIPENDRA SINGH  , RUCHA K  , V NATARAJ  , M B RATNAPARKHE  , V RAJESH  , M SHIVAKUMAR  , HUKUM SINGH
Published: February 2024

High temperature is one of the major abiotic factors restricting plant growth and development. In this investigation, twenty soybean accessions were evaluated for different morpho-physiological and yield traits at two different day/night temperatures (30°C/20°C & 40°C/28°C) under green house conditions in year 2018-19 and 2019- 20 where high temperature stress was induced at onset of reproductive stage to till the maturity of the crop. Same panel of genotypes was also evaluated for delayed leaf senescence and related traits during summer 2019 and summer 2020. The experimental results revealed that genotypes NRC 146, 6A-58-5 and JS 20-98 performed better consistently in high temperature conditions while genotypes ICS 84/86-85B-4, JS 95-60, JS 90-41 were found to be highly sensitive.
Performance evaluation of Oxadiargyl for effective weed management in sunflower
Authors: T SELVAKUMAR  , L RAJENDRAN  , R SASIKALA
Published: February 2024

A field experiments with the objective to determine the performance evaluation of Oxadiargyl for effective weed management in sunflower was conducted under irrigated condition. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design consisting of nine treatments and replicated thrice. Weed free environment produced higher growth and yield parameters, however it’s on par with the other treatments T2 and T3 which are having combination of herbicide followed by hand weeding. Pre emergence application of Oxadiargyl @ 125g ai/ha fb hand weeding gave excellent control of all the weeds at all the stages of the crop and it recorded higher weed control efficiency and the lowest weed index. Highest net returns of Rs. 26,151/ha and benefit cost ratio of 1.47 was observed in Pre emergence application of Oxadiargyl @ 125g ai/ha fb hand weeding at 30 DAS.
Effect of spacing and boron application and spacing on growth, yield parameters and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids in spring season
Authors: SHELLY NAYYAR DHALIWA  , VIRENDER SARDANA
Published: February 2024

A field experiment was conducted during 2020 and 2021 spring season on loamy sand soils to study the effect of boron on sunflower hybrids sown under varied crop geometry. Treatment comprised four hybrids (PSH 1962, PSH 2080, KBSH 44 and KBSH 53) allocated to main plots, three spacings to sub plots (60 cm x 30 cm, 67.5 cm x 25 cm and 67.5 cm x 30 cm) and foliar application of boron (control and 220 ppm) at ray floret opening stage to sub sub plots which were replicated thrice. Hybrid KBSH attained the highest plant height and head diameter. Hybrids PSH 2080 and PSH 1962 produced similar but significantly higher seed yield, oil content and oil yield by virtue of higher number of seeds per plant (except over KBSH 53), seed weight per captulum, 100 seed weight and hectolitre weight than KBSH 44 and KBSH 53 in both years and mean analysis. Spacing of 60.0 cm x 30.0 cm and 67.5 cm x 25.0 cm resulted in similar but higher seed and oil yields than 67.5 cm x 30.0 cm. Foliar application ofboron significantly increased the seed yield, oil content and oil yield through improvement in growth and yield parameters over without it application.
High yielding, multiple resistant Spanish bunch groundnut variety, KADIRI LEPAKSHI (K1812), notified for All India Summer Zone III
Authors: K S S NAIK  , S NEELIMA  , A P RAJESH  , E VENKATARAMANA  , K VEMANA  , B SANTOSH KUMAR NAIK  , E CHANDRAYUDU
Published: February 2024

Spanish bunch groundnut variety, Kadiri Lepakshi (K1812) is a derivative of complex cross ((ICGV 92069 x ICGV 93184)SIL4 x ICGV 98300) notified for All India Summer Zone IIIa consisting of Karnataka and Maharashtra states is developed at Agricultural Research Station, ANGRAU, Kadiri by modified pedigree method. It gave an average dry pod yield of 3840 kg ha-1 and kernel yield of 2666 kg ha-1 which is 31.87% and 29.74% higher than the national check TAG 24 and 43.07% and 44.67% higher than zonal check-1, Kadiri Harithandhra and 13.81% and 20.84% higher than zonal check -II, R 2001-3 respectively during summer irrigated condition (2016, 2017 and 2020).
Identification of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) varieties suitable for different sowing windows
Authors: T ONKARAPPA  , S GAYATHRI  , G P HARSHITHA  , N MANASA
Published: February 2024

Seven soybean genotypes were evaluated across three seasons to identify genotypes suitable for different sowing windows. Percent variance contributed by genotypes main effects was more to total genotypic variability than that contributed byseasons, dates of sowing, genotypes × seasons interactions and genotypes × dates of sowing interactions for 50% flowering,number of branches and 100 seed weight. Seasons and dates of sowing main effects contributed more to total genotypic variability than genotypes, GSI and GDOSI for plant height, number of pods and grain yield. DSb 21, DSb 23 and KBS 23 showed lowest estimates of AMMI Stability Value and Stability Index for grain yield hence they are considered as widely adopted genotypes across the seasons.