bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Sabun Cair Ekstrak Bunga Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Carbopol 940 Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923
Authors: Khatimah Husnul , Aisiyah Siti , Wulandari Destik
Published: July 2023

Liquid soap is one of the preparations to prevent skin infections caused by bacteria. One of the bacteria that causes infection is Staphylococcus aureus. The content of flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids found in clove flowers (Syzygium aromaticum L.) can inhibit antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the effect of varying concentrations of carbopol 940 on the physical quality of liquid soap preparations of clove flower extract, having antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and which formula has the best physical quality. The results showed that variations in carbopol 940 affected the physical quality of the liquid soap preparation, i.e. the increasing concentration of carbopol 940 affected the viscosity and free alkali. All formulas have antibacterial activity of 26.27 (F4); 25.90 (F5); 25.52 (F6). The formula with the best physical quality and antibacterial activity was formula 4 with a concentration of 0.5% carbopol 940 and had an inhibitory effect on bacteria of 26.27 mm. AbstrakSabun cair adalah salah satu persiapan untuk mencegah infeksi kulit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Salah satu bakteri yang menyebabkan infeksi adalah Staphylococcus aureus. Kandungan flavonoid, tanin, dan alkaloid yang ditemukan dalam bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) dapat menghambat aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efek variasi konsentrasi carbopol 940 pada kualitas fisik dari persiapan sabun cair ekstrak bunga cengkeh, yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, dan formula mana yang memiliki kualitas fisik terbaik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi carbopol 940 mempengaruhi kualitas fisik dari persiapan sabun cair, yaitu peningkatan konsentrasi carbopol 940 mempengaruhi viskositas dan alkali bebas. Semua formula memiliki aktivitas antibakteri sebesar 26,27 (F4); 25,90 (F5); 25,52 (F6). Formula dengan kualitas fisik dan aktivitas antibakteri terbaik adalah formula 4 dengan konsentrasi carbopol 940 0,5% dan memiliki efek penghambatan bakteri sebesar 26,27 mm.
bla(CK)mau Xperience
Authors: Grantham Kamau “DJ Kamaumau” , Kinson Christopher “DJ CK” , Robinson Stacey A. “BLACKSTAR”
Published: July 2023

Combining their artistic strengths and creative pursuits together, bla(CK)mau conjures sonic spells, vast visualizations, and entrancing events. Their work is steeped in Blackness in all its identities at all times and seeks to explore the realm of placemaking for Black folks. This digital art piece, the bla(CK)mau Xperience, is a sound and video collage experiment consisting of previously created works, new sonics, and bla(CK)mau-isms. This work imagines their character on a journey through time and space where she crosses paths with others on the narrow path. The soundtrack of the experience plays as we join her in experiencing something new in a funkier time and space.
The presence of anthracosis is associated with the environmental air quality of zoo, wildlife, and companion animals in Jeollabuk-do Province, South Korea
Authors: Leya Mwense , Oh Byungkwan , Ha Seungmin , Bao Tien Huyen Ton Nu , Cha Jang Ock , Park Seok-Chan , Han Jae-Ik , Lim Chae Woong , Kim Bumseok
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE

To determine pulmonary anthracosis in zoo, wildlife, and companion animals of Jeollabuk-do Province, South Korea.

ANIMALS

A total of 350 animals of 61 different species, belonging to 3 classes (mammals: n = 38; avian: 21; and reptiles: 2) from different habitats in Jeollabuk-do Province, were examined.

PROCEDURES

Gross lung examination and tissue sampling were done at postmortem, and histopathological analysis was microscopically done on hematoxylin and eosin–stained slides.

RESULTS

Macroscopic analysis of anthracotic lung tissue revealed minute (pinpoint size) spots and black pigmentation in a scattered and/or coalescing fashion. The presence of carbon particles was noted in 154 (44%, 154/350) cases. Based on habitation, zoo animals had the highest frequency of anthracosis in the lung (55.2%, 69/125), followed by companion animals (45.2%, 56/124) and wildlife animals (28.7%, 29/101). There was an association between habitation and the presence of anthracosis (P < .05).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This study revealed evidence that the presence of anthracosis is associated with the environmental air quality of zoo, wildlife, and companion animals in Jeollabuk-do Province, South Korea. Air pollution may affect the respiratory health of the endangered species at the Jeonju Zoo as well as the human population. Continuous monitoring of particulate matter and establishing policies that control industrialization around the province would enable quick action to curb any potential respiratory health risks to animals kept in the urban cities of the province.
Vertebral fixation does not affect recovery or recurrence of cervical intervertebral disc herniation in small dogs (< 15 kg)
Authors: Kikuchi Yuki , Takahashi Fumitaka , Toki Minae , Shimada Masakazu , Hara Yasushi , Yamaguchi Shinya
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE

To compare the prognosis of small dogs with cervical intervertebral disc herniation (C-IVDH) when treated with ventral slot decompression (VSD) alone or with concomitant vertebral fixation (VF).

ANIMALS

Small dogs (n = 303) weighing < 15 kg diagnosed with C-IVDH and treated with VSD.

PROCEDURES

We recorded signalment, cervical myelopathy grade, surgical site, use of VF, degree of adjacent disc degeneration, recovery, recurrence, recurrence site, and postoperative course, including the time elapsed from recovery to recurrence. We examined factors associated with recovery and recurrence during the 30-month postoperative period using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

VF did not affect recovery (P = .79). However, nonchondrodystrophic breeds had poorer recovery (OR, 5.89; P = .023) than chondrodystrophic breeds, and a higher preoperative cervical myelopathy grade (grade 3 or 4) was associated with poorer recovery (OR, 7.09 or 3.46, respectively; P = .019 or .042, respectively), compared with grade 1. VF did not affect recurrence (P = .79); however, increasing age was associated with recurrence (OR, 1.79; P = .001).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In small dogs weighing < 15 kg, there was no difference in postoperative recovery and recurrence rates after VSD with or without concomitant VF. Therefore, in small dogs with C-IVDH, even if the slot volume is increased to remove sufficient disc material during VSD, a good prognosis can be achieved with or without VF.
Addition of two full-thickness simple interrupted sutures to standard incisional gastropexy increases gastropexy biomechanical strength
Authors: Pan Yi , Mann F. A. , Wagner-Mann Colette , Winholtz R. A.
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE

To compare the acute strength (failure load and work to failure) of standard incisional gastropexy (SIG) and modified incisional gastropexy (MIG).

ANIMALS

37 pig cadavers.

PROCEDURES

Stomachs and right abdominal walls were harvested from pigs euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study. The tissues were stored in lactated Ringer’s solution overnight in a 5 °C cooler. Matching body wall and stomach tissue pairs were randomized and divided into 2 groups, on which either SIG or MIG was performed the following day. The MIG technique was identical to SIG except 2 additional simple interrupted sutures, 1 cranial and 1 caudal to the continuous suture line, were placed full thickness into the stomach to ensure engagement of the submucosa. After gastropexy, the samples underwent biomechanical testing. Information regarding change in position and load was generated by the MTESTQuattro software. Mode of failure was examined after the procedure was complete.

RESULTS

The MIG had higher failure load and work to failure compared to SIG. All failures were caused by gastric tissue tearing.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The MIG is biomechanically superior to SIG and may provide more security than SIG during healing. However, clinical study is needed to ascertain if there is a difference in gastropexy failure and complications between these 2 techniques.
Using a mixed layered soil model to optimize the layout of coastal direct current (DC) grounding electrodes
Authors: Liu Xuan , Deng Changzheng , Han Xinyue , Zhong Shiling , Liu Jiaming
Published: July 2023

In recent years, with the rapid development of the coastal economy and the large-scale development of marine resources, power demand has risen sharply. So it is urgent to promote the construction of UHVDC projects. Coastal saline areas often contain more chloride and other salts than other inland areas due to the high humidity, salinity and light intensity of the marine climatic and environmental conditions, which lead to the different electrical performance of grounding electrodes under different layouts. Therefore, one of the key issues to realizing the rapid development of UHVDC in coastal countries is how to choose the best layout of the coastal DC grounding electrode. It is intended to simulate the coastal environment and establish a mixed stratified soil model using CDEGS to verify the validity of the model through experiments in this paper. Based on the mixed soil model, the changes in grounding resistance, surface potentials and step voltage of grounding electrode sites under zigzag shape, two-row and circular shapes layouts are studied. The results show that when the zigzag shape layout is selected, the ground potential amplitude of the grounding electrode is reduced by 45.77% and 42.7%, the step voltage amplitude is decreased by 39.85% and 32.22%, and the grounding resistance is decreased by 28.45% and 27.68%, compared with the two-row and circular layout. In addition, its utilization rate of electrodes is better than the other two layout shapes.
Innovative reform strategy of college music education art practice based on information fusion technology
Authors: Deng Meng
Published: July 2023

This paper is designed to improve the efficiency and quality of teaching and learning efforts and to meet the multidimensional information needs of music educators and learners. From the perspective of information fusion technology, we build a multi-source information fusion system based on the basic system architecture. The maximum likelihood, least squares, and D-S algorithms were used to calculate and construct the sampling evaluation index equations. A survey of the teaching methods used in music teaching in colleges and universities was conducted to analyze three strategies needed for college education reform: innovative teaching methods, strengthening teachers’ music competence and quality, and establishing feedback mechanisms for college music teaching evaluation. The combined survey results show that 72% of music teachers believe their teaching skills have been greatly enhanced, while students’ willingness to take music lessons after using information integration technology has all risen to over 80%.Therefore, in the process of music teaching in colleges and universities, the integration of information integration technology can not only improve students’ interest in learning but also improve teachers’ teaching ability, which provides a certain degree of reference for the reform of music teaching in colleges and universities.
Innovative reform strategy of Chinese language and literature education practice for college students based on information fusion technology
Authors: Zeng Xiao
Published: July 2023

With the rapid development and updating of information technology and the gradual increase of economic and social influence, the Chinese language, as an important discipline in China’s higher education, has undergone a great transformation in its teaching conditions and teaching environment in the information age. To obtain more reliable information and better reform and innovation, this paper analyzes the machine model established based on information fusion and investigates the employment situation of Chinese language and literature graduates in university colleges and universities in the past five years to analyze the improvement of employment under the information fusion model establishment. The results show that the teaching process of Chinese language and literature can be well optimized through the machine learning model and is no longer homogeneous compared with the traditional teaching process of Chinese language and literature. The information fusion model can provide a certain degree of help in the employment of students in this major. Therefore, the introduction of information fusion technology is indispensable in the process of reform and innovation of the Chinese language and literature, and schools should also increase relevant courses and policies to encourage college students to actively cooperate with the reform and practice process.
Analysis on the path of integrating traditional culture into illustration design based on visual communication
Authors: Hu Wenbo
Published: July 2023

The illustration is a very intuitive form of language expression in modern graphic design. It expresses character scenes, allegorical dialogues, etc. in the form of vivid paintings. Synthesizing the connotation and form of all aspects from literature to art. Illustration art pervades all areas of daily life. It can be said that its formal beauty has become a fashion trend in the decorative art world. Based on the back-propagation algorithm, this paper constructs a BPA-transformation model. Through comparative analysis, it can be seen that illustrations that are not integrated into the theme of Peking Opera have low story inclusion, only 45%. As for the illustrations that incorporate Peking Opera themes, the storyline is highly inclusive, accounting for 68%. Illustrations that incorporate traditional Peking Opera themes are highly realistic, up to 93%. Through comparative analysis, the integration of ink and wash artistic conception is relatively high. Ink illustrations are 40% more innovative.
Research on the cultivation and evaluation system of effective teaching ability of college teachers’ classrooms based on artificial intelligence algorithm
Authors: Xu Chang
Published: July 2023

To better improve student performance and make students more receptive to knowledge, a study of artificial intelligence algorithms for the development and evaluation of college teachers’ teaching skills is proposed. Connections are established with multiple neurons in the periphery through dendrites and axons, and weighted integration of neuronal inputs to the next neuron, given an intelligent learning target. The sensitivity is back-propagated in the adjustment of model parameters, and the centroids are selected to calculate the Euclidean distance to obtain an accurate prediction model, and the weight parameters and bias vectors of the model are adjusted. Using a two-by-two comparison to determine the hierarchical factors, the weights of the relative importance of all factors at each level were calculated and ranked, and the multi-level index system was formed according to the constraint relationship between factors. According to the hierarchical structure of the teaching ability of college teacher educators and the opinions of some experts, the weights of each element in each matrix were determined to reasonably evaluate the effective teaching ability of college teachers in the classroom. The analysis results show that the artificial neural network model has a relative error value of about 1.5% and high numerical accuracy in evaluating teachers’ classroom teaching ability by hierarchical analysis.
Exploring the reform of the environmental design education model under the OBE theory model of professional and creative depth integration
Authors: Sun Hongliang
Published: July 2023

To be able to better improve the professional ability of environmental design students and cultivate applied technical talents, this paper proposes an analysis of the OBE theory for the reform of specialized and deeply integrated environmental design education. By establishing a mathematical model, the database is divided into different classes based on the similarity between data. The error value of the objective function is gradually reduced by repeated iterative operations. The data points are randomly selected to calculate the center distance, and the dense area of the input domain is obtained in the data set obeying Gaussian mixture distribution. Through iteration to find the optimal solution, adjust its speed and position so that the fitness function takes the maximum value. The speed is constantly revised according to its own experience and group information to enhance the global seeking ability, improve the local seeking ability of particles and avoid the oscillation phenomenon, and select the particle with the highest adaptability to calculate its average fluctuation value, to analyze the environmental design education reform under OBE theory. The result analysis shows that the correct rate of the algorithm analysis performance of this paper reaches 90.1%, which ensures more complete and accurate environmental design education data.
An intervention study of VR sports games on the perceptual and motor abilities of children with incomplete intellectual development
Authors: Zhou Mengru , Zhuang Zhuo , Chen Lei
Published: July 2023

Childhood is a critical stage for the development of perceptual and motor abilities, and strengthening the training of children with incomplete mental development at this stage will affect the development of motor skills during their growth. In this paper, we take VR technology as a starting point to build a perceptual model and introduce a convolutional sparse representation algorithm. First, a sparse representation with few non-zero elements is found to optimize a function consisting of a data fidelity term and a sparse induced penalty function. Then, the sum of the convolution of the filter and the convolution sparse feature map, i.e., the convolution operation, is computed to generate the translation invariants. Then the convolutional sparse coding method is introduced to the traditional unsupervised problem by calculating the minimization objective function and solving it in an iterative manner alternatively. Finally, the constituents of the signal are analyzed and the discrete equivalence of the convolution is derived based on the Fourier transform to derive the intervening variables. The experimental results showed that the mean value of the post-test of motor ability compared with the pre-test increased by 4.6 through an eight-week VR sports game training intervention study test on different children with incomplete mental development. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to understand the characteristics of perceptual and motor abilities of children with incomplete intellectual development and to develop corresponding programs for VR sports game training according to their characteristics.
Virtual packaging model construction of visual images for visual communication in the context of modern information convergence
Authors: Gao Dan , Feng Wei , Wang Haibo , Wang Yaquan
Published: July 2023

With the rapid development of the times, new tools are constantly appearing in visual communication design, such as the use of image packaging in visual communication. In order to speed up the transmission speed of visual images, ensure the integrity of visual images, and solve the transmission effect during visual communication. In this paper, based on the modern information fusion context, the object visualization image virtual packaging for model construction, the introduction of MOEA/D algorithm, the decomposition technique to decompose the MOP problem into a series of subproblems to solve, the use of weight vectors to obtain the neighbors of each subproblem, followed by the calculation of neighbor subproblems, the division of individuals into segments to obtain the child individuals. Finally, the fitness of each offspring individual was calculated and cut to give the final level of each factor. The final calculation of the proportion of images in different media communication from the MOEA/D algorithm leads to the strategy of using image virtual packaging in visual communication design. The experimental results showed that by means of multiple control groups, the experimental group achieved a 30% correct rate for Q3 and Q9 quiz questions, and the experimental group had a significantly greater correct rate than the control group. Therefore, more design concepts and design thinking can be explored through the study and analysis of image virtualization to help the use of image virtual packaging in visual communication design work.
Strategies for the implementation of aesthetic education in music teaching in colleges and universities under the threshold of big data
Authors: Zhu Jingjing
Published: July 2023

Under the background of big data development, students have diverse and multi-level demands for music aesthetic education teaching. This paper studies the implementation strategy of aesthetic education in college music teaching under the threshold of big data, mainly through data analysis, predictive modeling and simulation, multi-faceted analysis, and the design of personalized music teaching intervention. By training DNN model experimental conclusion and analysis, the DNN model in the original set R-squared reached 0.8037, the largest performance among all models, compared to multiple linear regression, in multi-level multi-neuron activation, through the sigmoid activation of each level and linear calculation between levels, in backpropagation to update the weights and bias, trained to be able to more The DNN is finally selected as the best model for music learners’ performance prediction. The DNN is finally selected as the best model for music learners’ performance prediction. The advantages of big data mining music aesthetic education resources are exploited to create an open aesthetic education teaching space for students.
Research on the application of big data technology in enterprise project management
Authors: Yang Liu
Published: July 2023

With the development of Internet big data technology, more and more modern medium and large enterprises have started to introduce Internet technology into the internal management of enterprises, and project management is the most important application area that accompanies the growth and development of enterprises. This paper takes traditional enterprise project management as the theoretical basis, supported by big data Internet technology, through big data unstructured data classification process, using empirical analysis method to conduct an exploratory analysis of the constructed management capability index system, and finally constructs a function model based on the application of big data technology in enterprise project management. After analyzing the digital overview, the necessity of using digital in enterprise project management is clarified, and the exploration of using digital in enterprise project management is proposed. Through the design and development of resource management, operation queue, and scheduling strategy, the joint analysis of data level between multiple systems is constructed to create a good environment for enterprise project management. The development of big data Internet technology brings important and positive changes to enterprise project management, helps enterprises to keep up with the trend of the times, efficiently apply the advantages of digitalization, and promotes enterprise project management towards standardization and efficiency.
Research on practical teaching of Ideological and political education based on VR technology in the information age
Authors: Zhang Weiwei
Published: July 2023

With the popularity and maturity of VR technology, maximizing the utility advantages of relevant technologies and teaching projects has become a new topic. Because of the current era of science and technology’s best ideas, relevant methods of Ideological and political education learning have become richer in form and connotation. In order to make relevant methods better, true adoption experimental teaching of Ideological and political education here explores the true adoption of relevant methods in Ideological and political education college students’ learning. Through questionnaire survey to study the effect of relevant methods used by college students’ learning Ideological and political education and fuzzy analysis judging method to argue the teaching effect of integrating VR in Ideological and political education classroom, using comparative analysis method to compare and reference the traditional means of communication of Ideological and political education college students’ learning VR (virtual reality) The advantages of VR over traditional means of communication are summarized. Finally, the reasonableness and Probability of possible realization of relevant methods of college Ideological and political education are demonstrated by considering the needs and feasibility of the presented audience. The results show that most students’ applicability of the confirmation method and optimistic ideas and expressions for future development prospect of applying VR, a real simulated scenes relevant methods, to the practical college students’ learning for patriotic learning at the ideological level of college students learning. During the implementation of learning activities, about 89% of the students think that it can increase immersion, 80% think that it can be interactive, and most think that VR can make learning emotions high, highly concentrate on learning, and improve learning efficiency. Therefore, adopting relevant methods improves children’s enthusiasm for Ideological and political Education and transforms passive education into active participation.
Seismic finite element analysis of underground integrated pipe corridor based on generalized reaction displacement method
Authors: Yu Jia , Sang Linlin
Published: July 2023

An underground integrated pipeline corridor is a long-line structure that accommodates various municipal pipelines such as water supply, reclaimed water, storm water, communication, heat, electricity, and natural gas. Seismic hazard is the main factor affecting the safety of this important urban lifeline project, so the seismic analysis of the underground integrated pipeline corridor is urgent. To this end, in this paper, based on the generalized reaction displacement method, the finite element model of the standard section of the pipe corridor under the action of the earthquake is established, and the displacement, as well as the internal force response of the pipe corridor under the action of the earthquake, is obtained. The results show that the junction between the top of the standard section of the integrated pipe corridor and the outer slab is the key part for shear and bending tests, and the reinforcement in the span of the outer slab also needs to be focused on. Simulation and calculation by the physical stochastic seismic model in this paper show that the generalized reaction displacement method is more applicable and suitable for seismic finite element analysis of integrated pipe corridor, which lays the foundation for realizing refined analysis of dynamic reliability of underground integrated pipe corridor.
Interstellar Probe: Science, Engineering, Logistic, Economic, and Social Factors
Authors: Ratkiewicz Romana , Baraniecka Anna , Stępniewski Kajetan , Miś Tomasz , Błądek Piotr , Tkacz Arkadiusz , Mikołajków Tomasz , Kozanecki Michał
Published: July 2023

In this publication, we refer to a certain novelty introduced to the presentation at the AGU 2020 conference. This novelty consists of quoting the thoughts, remarks, and comments of six young people who declared their interest in space research after listening to a lecture on the Interstellar Probe journey, organized in June 2020 by the Polish Space Agency. Therefore, they were then asked to express their comments after reading two publications on the Interstellar Probe that were sent to them. As a result, this idea also became the topic of this article. Although the interstellar mission is primarily a research and science project, its engineering, logistics, business (economic), and social aspects, as well as a short commentary on our home in the universe, which is the heliosphere, have also been included in this article.
The Effects of Armed Conflicts on the Environment
Authors: Padányi József , Földi László
Published: July 2023

With the ongoing Russian military operations against Ukraine, reviewing the impact of the military forces’ activities on the environment is crucial. The topic is relevant not only because the devastation is immeasurable, but also because all the data proves that wars have effects that accelerate climate change. In this paper we review some of the environmental issues arising from Russian aggression, and we also refer to the effects of previous military conflicts of this kind. We deal with the pollution caused by war and the relationship between war and water. We touch on the destruction of some aspects of infrastructure (cultural goods, energy, health, transport) and its consequences.
Social Engineering in Europe’s Energy Crisis?
Authors: Kun Tamás
Published: July 2023

Today’s conflict of interests can be traced back to the Cold War. The present article reviews the past and current situation in Europe’s energy crisis from the start of the Russia-Ukraine war to its first anniversary. Since the US had the capability to export energy to its allies in Europe, they were able to use this opportunity to create a distance between themselves and Moscow in energy issues. The US has outrun Russia in the oil export race in recent years, and to counter this competitive threat, Russia had to act. Different narratives appeared in media reports on energy issues after the invasion of Ukraine, and policy makers often made confusing statements.
Hacia una clasificación del impacto hídrico de las actividades humanas en territorio
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Breña Naranjo Agustín
Published: July 2023

En México, el crecimiento económico ha sido posible gracias a la disponibilidad y uso intensivo del recurso hídrico (Asad & Dinar, 2006).
Interrogative Construction in Aceh Language
Authors: Ulfa Maria , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the interrogative construction in Aceh language. This study used a qualitative approach. The study aims to find out; (1) kinds of interrogative words in Aceh language (2) interrogative construction in Aceh language by using X Bar Theory. The data in this study are Acehnese sentences that contain Interrogative words. The data sources in this study are (1) Acehnese dictionaries, (2) Acehnese Book, and (3) Acehnese speakers. The data collection process by an interview with the Acehnese speaker in Langsa and data analysis used X Bar Theory. The results of the study show that;1) there are eight kinds of interrogative words in Aceh language especially in East Aceh dialect in Langsa such as: a) Pue. peue, b) Soe, c) Hoe, d) pat, dipat, e) pajan, f) pakon, g) padum, h) pane, i) pakiban. There are three categories of interrogative construction;(a) Open Interrogative, (b) Close Interrogative, (c) Rhetoric Interrogative. The Structure of the sentence in Aceh language constructs by using of the specifier, complement, and Verb. Specifiers put by NP and Complement put by Auxiliary, PP, or NP and Adverb can be preposition by PP or NP.Â
Mordoğan Bölgesinin Neojen Jeolojisi ve Stratigrafik Korelasyonu, Karaburun Yarımadası, Batı Anadolu
Authors: GÖKTAŞ Fikret , MAYDA Serdar
Published: July 2023

Foça Çöküntüsü’nün batı kenarında yer alan Kösedere ve Mordoğan alt havzalarındaki orta Miyosen tortullaşması, egemen gölsel Hisarcık formasyonu ile temsil edilir. Hisarcık formasyonu, erken Miyosen sonunda bölgeye yerleşen kalkalkalen karakterli volkanitler (Karaburun volkanitleri ve Foça tüfü) üzerinde uyumsuzlukla yer alır. Orta Miyosen havzalarının sınır fayları boyunca yüzeyleyen Karaburun volkanitleri andezit bileşimlidir. Foça tüfü riyolitik ignimbiritlerle temsil edilir. Hisarcık formasyonunun havza kenarı alüviyal çökellerini temsil eden Kösedere üyesi, Kösedere alt havzasının sınır fayları önünde çökelmiştir. Gölsel kıyıyüzünde çökelmiş yeşil renkli kiltaşı-silttaşı topluluğundan oluşan Karabağları üyesi, yanal-düşey geçiş ilişkisiyle Kösedere üyesi üzerine gelir. Karabağları üyesinin Mordoğan alt havzasındaki yanal eşdeğeri kabul edilen Ardıç üyesi, çamur düzlüğü çökelimini yansıtan çamurtaşı-kumtaşı ardışık istifiyle simgelenir ve geç MN5 biyozonuna ait büyük memeli fosilleri kapsar. Hisarcık gölsel çökeliminin son dönemini yansıtan Mordoğan kireçtaşı üyesi, Karabağları ve Ardıç üyeleri üzerine geçişli gelir. Hisarcık formasyonu üzerine, MN10-11 biyozonlarına ait büyük memeli fosilleri kapsayan Esendere grubu çökelleri uyumsuzlukla gelir. Hisarcık formasyonu, Sakız Adası, Çeşme Yarımadası ve Foça Çöküntüsü’nde temsil edilir. Sakız Adası’nda Keramaria ve Nenita birimleri, Çeşme Yarımadası’nda Çiftlik formasyonu ve Foça Çöküntüsü’nde Aliağa kireçtaşı, Hisarcık formasyonu ile deneştirilebilir. Urla havzası ve İzmir Körfezi adalar topluluğunda yüzeyleyen Urla grubu çökelleri, Hisarcık formasyonunun eşdeğeridir.
Teacher's Efforts to Improve Reading Interest in 5-6 Years Old Children during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wulandari Ayu , Syukri M. , Linarsih Andini
Published: July 2023

The research on teachers' efforts to increase interest in reading children aged 5-6 years during COVID-19 pandemic at Integrated Early Childhood Education (PAUD) of Kartini was motivated by the exposure of UNESCO data which stated that Indonesia ranked second from the bottom in terms of world literacy, meaning that reading interest in Indonesia is very low. According to UNESCO data, the reading interest of the Indonesian people is very concerning, only 0.001%. This study aims to determine the efforts of teachers to increase interest in reading for children aged 5-6 years during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Integrated PAUD of Kartini in Pontianak. The research method used was descriptive qualitative research methods with case study research. The study results in an effort by teachers to increase reading interest in children aged 5-6 years during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Kartini Integrated PAUD Pontianak were carried out using various media methods and conducting appropriate learning evaluations to increase children's reading interest. Keywords: Reading Interests, Methods, Media, Evaluation, COVID-19 Pandemic
THE USE OF TROPICAL RAINFALL MEASURING MISSION RAINFALL DATA AS INPUT DATA FOR WATER AVAILABILITY ANALYSIS WITH RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELS IN THE MELAWI SUB-BASIN
Authors: Gampo Edi , Soeryamassoeka SB , Kartini Kartini
Published: July 2023

Many rain-to-discharge transformation models have been made, such as the Mock Model and the NRECA Model, which are used to make monthly synthetic discharge data when there is not enough discharge data to analyze water availability in a Sub-Basin or Sub-Basin. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data, created by NASA and JAXA, is one type of satellite-based rainfall data that can help overcome the lack of rainfall data. However, not all areas have rainfall recording stations, and if there are, not all existing rainfall recording stations operate correctly. Such conditions also occur in the Melawi Sub-Basin in West Kalimantan. This research aims to determine how much water is available in the Melawi Sub-Basin by putting satellite-based rainfall data into the NRECA model and the Mock model, which converts rainfall to discharge.This study was done to determine how reliable TRMM satellite rainfall data are as input data for the rainfall-to-discharge transformation model used to determine how much water is available in the Melawi Sub-Basin. The goal of this study is to assess the suitability of TRMM data with observation station rainfall data in the Melawi Sub-Basin by validating TRMM satellite rainfall data with BMKG Susilo and BMKG Nanga Pinoh observation station rainfall data and to choose the appropriate rain-to-flow diversion model used in the Melawi Sub-Basin based on the results of model parameter calibration, with the models whose parameters are calibrated being the Mock Model and the NRECA.The study results show that TRMM rainfall data in the Melawi Sub-Basin that has been validated and corrected with the equation Y = 0.748089283 X + 62.19135368 can be used as input data in the analysis of water availability, and the transformation model of rainfall into discharge that is more suitable is the Mock Model. In general, both the observation station rainfall pattern and the TRMM rainfall pattern tend to have the same pattern as the discharge pattern in the Melawi Sub-Basin. The fact that August has the lowest peak is clear evidence of this. Even though the highest point doesn't happen in the same month, the trend is the same, so TRMM rainfall data can be considered valid and used to replace observational rainfall data in the Melawi Sub-Basin. Similar research can be done on other Sub-Basins in Kalimantan Barat Province to help develop and manage water resources since many observation stations in Kalimantan Barat Province no longer work, and there are many large Sub-Basins in that province.
Enzyme-DNA hybrids for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of antibodies
Authors: Díaz-Fernández Ana , Ranallo Simona , Ricci Francesco
Published: July 2023

Here we report a strategy for the electrochemical ultrasensitive detection of antibodies that couples the programmability and versatility of DNA-based systems with the sensitivity provided by enzymatic amplification. The platform is based on the use of antigen-DNA conjugates that, upon the bivalent binding of a specific target antibody, induce the release of an enzyme-DNA hybrid strand from a preformed duplex. Such enzyme-DNA hybrid strand can then be electrochemically detected with a disposable electrode with high sensitivity. Using this strategy, we have demonstrated the sensitive (femtomolar limit of detection), specific and multiplexed detection of five different antibodies including three clinically relevant ones. The approach is also rapid (it only requires two reaction steps), works well in complex media (serum) and is cost-effective. A direct comparison with commercial ELISA kits demonstrates the promising features of this approach as a point-of-care platform for antibodies detection.
Non-doped phosphor for WLED with high CRI and R9
Authors: Dang Thi To Nu , Nguyen Minh Thong , Nguyen M.C.H.P. Lan , Dao Xuan Viet , Le Thao  Vien
Published: July 2023

The effect of the ZnO/SnO2 ratio on phase formation and optical properties of the Zn-Sn-O compound was investigated by varying the ZnO/SnO2 molar ratio (ZnO/SnO2  = 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1). All samples were synthesised with high-energy planetary ball milling, followed by calcination at 1000 °C in the air. The result from X-Ray diffraction patterns (XRD) shows that the single-phase Zn2SnO4 is achieved at the ZnO/SnO2 ratio of 2:1. Whereas, the mixed phase of ZnO and Zn2SnO4 formed when ZnO is more than SnO2 (3:1 and 4:1). On the other hand, the XRD patterns of the products obtained at a ratio where SnO2 is more than ZnO present a mixture of SnO2 and Zn2SnO4. The photoluminescence of the two samples with the ratio of 2:1 and 1:3 gives full-visible range spectra from 400 to 800 nm, which are in the blue-far-red region centred at about 514, 580, and 690 nm. Temperature-dependent luminescence measurements were also carried out in this work, and the results indicate that the prepared phosphor Zn-Sn-O at the ZnO/SnO2 ratio of 1:2 has thermal stability. The obtained material was used to coat near UV LED chips, and the WLED possesses the highest CRI of 95. The SnO2-Zn2SnO4 powder can be used as a phosphor for WLED applications with high CRI and R9.
Neolithic and Early Bronze Age of Cis-Baikal: Main Factors and Processes in the Development of Hunter-Gatherer Cultures
Authors:   University of Alberta, Weber A. W. ,   Aix-Marseille Université,   Irkutsk State University
Published: July 2023

Middle Holocene hunter-gatherers (HG) of the Cis-Baikal, Eastern Siberia, display substantial spatiotemporal variation in adaptive strategies highlighted by several cultural transitions. These transitions are examined focusing on the role of the following factors: (1) changes in the distribution of the boreal forest; (2) technological innovations; (3) intensification of fishing; and (4) their combined impacts on subsistence and social structure. The expansion and retreat of boreal forest was important because it directly affected the distribution and abundance of large and medium terrestrial game, the core of subsistence for all Middle Holocene HG in the region. All other things being equal, expanding forests meant less game while shrinking forest meant more game and more living space for HG. The bow was crucial not only due to its technological superiority over the spear and atlatl as a game hunting weapon but also because its flexibility allowed it to work equally well for groups of any size and in any environment – forest or steppe. The much higher return rates associated with bow hunting freed enough labour to be allocated to other activities such as the intensification of fishing. Fishing and fisheries were important because they worked as a differentiating force: the more intensive the fishing, the more limited its spatial distribution and the greater the micro-regional differences between cultural patterns. Intensive fishing and game hunting pulled the adaptive strategies in two opposing directions: fishing towards differences and hunting towards similarities between groups and micro-regions. Social relations were important because they fine-tuned the social fabric to optimize the general strategy. Together, these factors account for all cultural transitions and variation documented for the Middle Holocene HG of Cis-Baikal: Transition 1 – formation of the Late Mesolithic cultural pattern with incipient formal cemeteries ~8630 cal BP; Transition 2 – replacement of the Late Mesolithic system on the Angara and in Southwest Baikal, but not in the Little Sea or on the Upper Lena, by the Early Neolithic Kitoi pattern with its very large cemeteries ~7560 cal BP; Transition 3 – collapse of the Kitoi by ~6660 cal BP followed by the formation of the Middle Neolithic pattern with no cemeteries; Transition 4 – reappearance of cemeteries ~6060 cal BP and the establishment of the Late Neolithic pattern; Transition 5 – formation of the Early Bronze Age system ~4970 cal BP; and lastly, Transition 6 – the end of the Early Bronze Age socio-economic pattern by ~3470 cal BP.
Improved production of bioethanol from alkali-pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock using Saccharomyces cerevisiae under simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
Authors: A. Aman ullah  , S. Noreen  , R.R. Zohra  , S.K. Kazmi
Published: July 2023

The most plentiful bioresource on earth is  lignocellulosic biomass.  The breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass attains different fermentable sugars which are considered to be very significant for the manufacturing of biogas, bioethanol etc. The major composition of lignocellulosic biomass is cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses which are strongly linked with each other by hydrogen and covalent linkages thus generating a tough and rigid structure. The recalcitrant structure of lignin resists to solubilization thus arresting the degradation of cellulose and hemicelluloses present in bioplymeric structure. This addresses a striking challenge for the production of biofuels. To cope up with these limitations, immense research has been carried out for the development of pretreatment strategies. The present study utilized the alkaline pretreatment approach to digest cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin content in locally available different agroindustrial wastes. This study employed Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) process for bioethanol production from selected lignocellulosic biomass. Prior to fermentation all collected biomass was treated with 1% NaOH and then fermentation was carried out using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The SSF was conducted at 30°C for 4-5 days. Along with pretreated biomass, untreated biomass was also subjected to SSF in order to compare the yield of bioethanol. The results of present research elaborate that pretreatment with 1% NaOH significantly degraded the complex polymeric structure of biomass hence induced enhanced production of bioethanol as compared to untreated agrowaste. Among all lignocellulosic biomass, pretreated banana peels attained higher production of bioethanol 118g/L with fermentation efficiency 139.75% and sugar utilization 97.9% than untreated banana peels achieved maximum ethanol production 42.4g/L with fermentation efficiency 53% and sugar utilization 68%. These findings indicate that before fermentation, a suitable pretreatment protocol must be applied to lignocellulosic substrates in order to increase the yield of ethanol and to meet the commercial needs.
Study of the possibility of using agricultural wastewater for the accumulation of microalgae biomass.
Authors: M.M. Torekhanova  , Akmukhanova N.R. , B.K. Zayadan  , A.K. Sadvakasova  , M.O. Bauenova  , S.N. Seiilbek  , A. Konisbai  , Ermekova A.
Published: July 2023

The article examines the possibilities of using various agricultural wastewater for the accumulation of biomass of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris SP BB-2, Parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Dangeard CC-124. As a result of the study, a strain of microalgae C.vulgaris SP B-2 was selected for use in the treatment of fishery wastewater with the possibility of obtaining feed biomass. According to the research results, this strain showed an increased growth rate in aquaculture wastewater, also the effectiveness of reducing the COD index, removing ammonia and phosphates. According to the results of the study, the protein content in the resulting biomass of C-vulgaris SP BB-2 was 57.0 ± 1.2%, lipids 16 ± 1.2% and carbohydrates 11.4 ± 1.4% when grown on wastewater. The strain of C.vulgaris SP BB-2 can be effectively used in the bioremediation of wastewater in order to purify it from organo-mineral contaminants
Modeling of present and future potential distribution areas of Thymus praecox opiz. in Turkey according to the Maxent algorithm
Authors: Uzun A. , Sarikaya A.G. , Kavakli S.A.
Published: July 2023

Thymus L. genus of the Lamiaceae family, which has a cosmopolitan distribution that includes annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs or trees, known for their pleasant smell, has medicinal and aromatic species. Although the ethnobotanical use of individuals of the genus Thymus is quite common, its consumption is often preferred as spice and medicinal tea. In this study, Thymus praecox Opiz. forms the material of the study. In this article, potential present and future distribution areas were modeled in MaxEnt 4.1 to determine the effects of climate change on the distribution areas of T. praecox in Türkiye. In the model, 2041-2060 (~2050) and 2081-2100 (~2090) periods of SSP2 4.5 and SSP5 8.5 scenarios in CanESM5.0.3 (The Canadian Earth System Model version 5) climate change model were used, together with sample points and bioclimatic variables. According to the study outputs, it is estimated that the estimated potential suitable and very suitable distribution areas of T. praecox today are 108411.705 km2 and according to the CanESM5.0.3 model, it will experience losses in very suitable and suitable distribution areas in the future, and very suitable distribution areas cannot be found in the SSP5 8.5 scenario 2081-2100 periods.