bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calibration and Validation of the FAO AquaCrop Water Productivity Model for Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)
Authors: Terán-Chaves César Augusto , García-Prats Alberto , Polo-Murcia Sonia Mercedes
Published: December 2022

Crop models that can accurately estimate yield and final biomass have been used for major herbaceous crops and to a lesser extent in forage systems. The AquaCrop version 7.0 contains new modules that have been introduced to simulate the growth and production of perennial herbaceous forage crops. Simulated forage yields as a function of water consumption provide valuable information that allows farmers to make decisions for adapting to both climate variability and change. The study aimed to calibrate and validate the AquaCrop model for perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) in the high tropics of Colombia (South America). The experiments were conducted during two consecutive seasons, in which perennial ryegrass meadows were subjected to two irrigation regimes: full irrigation and no irrigation. The model was evaluated using precision, accuracy, and simulation error indices. The overall performance of AquaCrop in simulating canopy cover, biomass and soil water content showed a good match between measured and simulated data. The calibration results indicated an acceptable measurement of simulated canopy cover (CC) (R2 = 0.95, d-index = 0.41, RMSE = 9.4%, NRMSE = 12.2%, and FE = −21.72). The model satisfactorily simulated cumulative dry mass (R2 = 0.95, d-index = 0.98, RMSE = 2. 63 t ha−1, NRMSE = 11.8%, and FE = 0.94). Though the biomass values obtained in the end-of-season cuts were underestimated by the model, soil water content was simulated with reasonable accuracy (R2 = 0.82, d-index = 0.84, RMSE = 6.10 mm, NRMSE = 4.80%, and FE = 0.32). During validation, CC simulations were good, except under water deficit conditions, where model performance was poor (R2 = 0.42, d-index = 0.01, RMSE = 40.60%, NRMSE = 40.90%, and FE = −25.71); biomass and soil water content simulations were reasonably good. The above results confirmed AquaCrop’s (v 7.0) suitability for simulating responses to water for perennial ryegrass. A single crop file was developed for managing a full season and can be confidently applied to direct future research to improve the understanding of the necessary processes and interactions for the development of perennial herbaceous forage crops.
Dynamic Effects of Climate and Land Use Policies on Water Yield in Drylands—A Case Study in the Northwest of China
Authors: An Li , Zhong Shuai , Shen Lei
Published: December 2022

Water yield as an important ecosystem service for mitigating water scarcity in drylands, is quite sensitive to land use and climate change. Evaluating the response of water yield to land use policies in drylands under climate change is conducive to sustainable water resource management. Taking the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordous-Yulin region in the northwest of China as an example, this study used the methods of the InVEST model, trend analysis, comparative experiment, PLUS model to explore the spatial-temporal trends and driving factors of water yield variation, as well as to simulate the future water yield under different land use policy scenarios. The results showed that (1) water yield in the study area fluctuated and increased from 14.14 mm to 46.59 mm during 2000 to 2020, the places with a significant increasing trend of water yield were mainly distributed in the southeast loess hilly area; (2) climate change is the major driving factor of water yield variation with a contribution rate of 85.8–99.6%, but land use change played an increasingly important role in affecting water yield; (3) the Grain-Security-Dominated (GSD) land use policy scenario would generate the highest water yield in 2030 under climate conditions of SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5, while the Regional-Greening-Dominated (RGD) land use policy scenario has the lowest water yield in the future. The results could provide reference for the decision-making process of ecological restoration and land use planning in drylands.
Waved-Shape Accumulation of Ice Jam—Analysis and Experimental Study
Authors: Chen Pangpang , Sui Jueyi , Cao Guangxue , Cheng Tiejie
Published: December 2022

Ice jam is a unique hydrological phenomenon in rivers in cold regions. The appearance of an ice jam in a river results in an increase in the wetted perimeter of the flow cross-section, and thus an increase in flow resistance as well as water level. It may cause ice flooding sometimes. Similar to the “sand wave” phenomenon in riverbed, it has been observed in laboratory experiments that the waved-shape accumulation of ice particles (termed as “ice wave”) under an ice jam occurred. In this study, an Equation for describing the relationship between the approaching flow Froude number (Fr) and the ratio of ice jam thickness to flow depth (t/H) has been proposed. Taking the inflection point value of the equation under different flow depths, a characteristic curve has been developed to judge whether ice waves under an ice jam occurs. When the flow Froude number in front of an ice jam is below the value at the inflection point of the curve, the ice jam can maintain a mechanical stability within the ice jam thickness in a range from the lower limiting value to the upper limiting value, which were close to the ice wave trough thickness and the ice wave crest thickness, respectively. An Equation for calculating the ice wavelength has been derived and verified by using results of laboratory experiments. The relationship between the migration speed of ice wave and the ratio of ice discharge to water flow rate (Qi/Q) has been also analyzed. At last, case studies have been conducted with respect to ice accumulation in the St. Lawrence River, the Beauharnois Canal and the La Grande River. Results of case studies show that the shoving and ice dam have been dominated by mechanical factors, which would be accompanied by the ice wave phenomenon during the ice jam accumulation process. Results of case studies about ice accumulation in natural rivers also show that the relative thickness of an ice jam (t/H) of 0.4 is the criterion for assessing whether an ice jam in a river belongs to an ice dam.
System Simulation and Prediction of the Green Development Level of the Chengdu-Chongqing City Group
Authors: Liang Yuxin , Zhang Liping , Leng Mengsi , Xiao Yi , Xia Jun
Published: December 2022

Green development is a low-carbon, sustainable model for the achievement of the harmonious development of the economy and nature. Nowadays, the problems of resource scarcity and environmental pollution in the process of economic development are pressing, and the promotion of green development is the general trend. As one of the three growth poles of China’s Yangtze River economic belt, the Chengdu-Chongqing City Group is an important platform to lead toward green development in the western region of China. Based on the understanding of the connotation of green development, this study established a green development-level evaluation system, including 19 indicators in three dimensions: target level, criterion level, and indicator level, and used the entropy weight method to measure the green development level of the Chengdu-Chongqing City Group. In view of the dynamic nature of the green development process, this study constructed a system dynamics model of the green development level of the Chengdu-Chongqing City Group and simulated and compared it between 2022 and 2050 under five shared socio-economic pathway (SSP) scenarios so as to provide a reference basis for future development. The results show that the overall green development level of the Chengdu-Chongqing City Group is on an upward trend, with the highest green development level under the SSP1 path and the lowest under the SSP3 path, and the lagging distance tends to increase further. In the next 30 years, the Chengdu-Chongqing City Group should initially follow SSP2 as the basis for development and then gradually perform a transition to SSP1 by 2035 to achieve real sustainable development, after which it should continue to develop according to the SSP1 path until 2050.
Feeding of the Amphipod Gammarus aequicauda in the Presence of the Planktonic Cladoceran Moina salina and the Benthic Chironomid Larvae Baeotendipes noctivagus
Authors: Shadrin Nickolai , Yakovenko Vladimir , Anufriieva Elena
Published: December 2022

The energy balance approach helps to understand the limits within which the ‘predator–prey’ relationship can form, but cannot explain the formation of trophic links in natural multispecies systems. A time balance approach to the study of feeding has been developed to complement it. In the hypersaline Lake Moynaki (Crimea) which has a simple food web, there is one omnivorous species, Gammarus aequicauda, and two abundant prey, planktonic Moina salina and benthic Baeotendipes noctivagus. The size of M. salina ranges from 1.0 to 1.2 mm, and the size of B. noctivagus larvae from 9.0 to 10.0 mm. In experiments, elements of time balance were evaluated during feeding of G. aequicauda in the presence of both prey species, i.e., the duration of time spent searching before capture, handling prey, and resting between attempts to eat a chironomid larva. In all experiments, G. aequicauda consumed both kinds of prey. The maximum predation rate of G. aequicauda on the smaller sized M. salina was limited by searching and handling time, but on the larger B. noctivagus it was limited by digestion time. Feeding solely on chironomid larvae may well satisfy the energy needs of G. aequicauda. However, the food ration of G. aequicauda may be 50% higher if it feeds in the presence of both prey species than if feeding only on chironomid larvae. The presence of chironomid larvae more than halved the consumption of M. salina, compared to when cladocerans were the only prey.
Impacts of Different Socioeconomic Development Levels on Extremely Wet/Dry Events in Mainland China
Authors: Zhang Qingfeng , Li Yi , Hu Qiaoyu , Yao Ning , Song Xiaoyan , Liu Fenggui , Pulatov Bakhtiyor , Meng Qingtao , Feng Puyu
Published: December 2022

The impacts of human activity (denoted by population), economic, and social development (denoted by gross domestic product–GDP) on extremely wet/dry (or drought) events are important for humans to tackle extreme hazards. This research aims to investigate the variations in maximum values (SPEI_MAX) and minimum values (SPEI_MIN) of a 12 month standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI12-month) for the selected 525 sites at different socioeconomic development levels (SDLs) (classified by population and GDP) in China between 2000–2018, and to analyze the impacts of increased population/GDP/SDLs on extremely wet/dry events. The linear correlations between SPEI12-month/SPEI_MAX/SPEI_MIN and population/GDP were conducted for all the sites. The relationship between linear slopes of population (PopuLS)/GDP(GDPLS) and SPEI_MAX (SPEI_MAXLS)/SPEI_MIN (SPEI_MINLS) were further studied. The results show that the extremely wet events denoted by SPEI_MAX become worse and the extreme drought events denoted by SPEI_MIN tend to be milder over time. The years 2016 and 2011 were extremely wet and extremely dry in China. There were general increasing trends in SPEI_MAX and decreasing trends in SPEI_MIN as the SDL increased from 1 to 6. This gradual, continuous increase/decrease potentially affected levels 5 and 6. Moreover, extremely wet events were more severe in developed big municipal cities of higher SDLs and extreme drought events were more severe for lower SDLs. This research can supply references for policy makers to prevent extreme disasters.
Sediment Source Fingerprinting and Its Control Strategies of the Lakes in Jiuzhaigou World Natural Heritage Site
Authors: Shen Xiaoxue , Li Ruili , Du Jie , Jiang Xianchenghao , Qiu Guoyu
Published: December 2022

Reliable quantitative information regarding sediment sources is essential for target mitigation, particularly in settings with a large number of loose provenances caused by earth disasters. The lakes in the Jiuzhaigou World Natural Heritage Site (WNHS) are facing serious environmental problems of silting and swamping, which threaten the sustainability of the area, especially after the earthquake on 8 August 2017 (the “8.8 earthquake”). Therefore, a field investigation was conducted after the “8.8 earthquake” (June 2020), and the Arrow Bamboo and Rhino Lakes, which were affected by the earthquakes to different degrees, were selected as the research objects. Based on the data of 27 environmental indicators from 31 surface sediment and soil samples in and around the lakes, the spatial distribution characteristics of the lake sediment sources were quantified using composite fingerprint recognition technology. Furthermore, a high protection standard of a WHNS and a process treatment scheme for reducing the siltation of the Jiuzhaigou lakes were proposed. The results showed that the contribution ratio of loose matter sources entering the lake on the road-side of the Arrow Bamboo and Rhino Lakes (16.5% and 21.8%, respectively) was lower than that on the forest-side (83.5% and 78.2%, respectively), indicating that physical barriers such as roads can effectively reduce the sediment input, while the lake forest side contributes a large number of loose matter sources, which has not attracted attention in the past and requires protection. High protection standards for the Jiuzhaigou WHNS are suggested. Accordingly, the entire control scheme of Jiuzhaigou lake sediment reduction including “monitoring–control–interception–buffer–cleaning” is provided. Source erosion monitoring is the first step in blocking the sediment source. Vegetation restoration and surface coverage should be conducted in areas where water and soil losses have occurred. Necessary engineering measures should be implemented to intercept loose material sources at points where geological disasters occur frequently. A buffer zone should be established between the lake and the mountain to intercept the sediment. Sediment caused by geological disasters with low interference must also be cleaned from the lake. The level of nutrients in the lake must be controlled by the regular cleaning of plant debris from the lake and lakeside.
Groundwater Modeling with Process-Based and Data-Driven Approaches in the Context of Climate Change
Authors: Menichini Matia , Franceschi Linda , Raco Brunella , Masetti Giulio , Scozzari Andrea , Doveri Marco
Published: December 2022

In the context of climate change, the correct management of groundwater, which is strategic for meeting water needs, becomes essential. Groundwater modeling is particularly crucial for the sustainable and efficient management of groundwater. This manuscript provides different types of modeling according to data availability and features of three porous aquifer systems in Italy (Empoli, Magra, and Brenta systems). The models calibrated on robust time series enabled the performing of forecast simulations capable of representing the quantitative and qualitative response to expected climate regimes. For the Empoli aquifer, the process-based models highlighted the system’s ability to mitigate the effects of dry climate conditions thanks to its storage capability. The data-driven models concerning the Brenta foothill aquifer pointed out the high sensitivity of the system to climate extremes, thus suggesting the need for specific water management actions. The integrated data-driven/process-based approach developed for the Magra Valley aquifer remarked that the water quantity and quality effects are tied to certain boundary conditions over dry climate periods. This work shows that, for groundwater modeling, the choice of the suitable approach is mandatory, and it mainly depends on the specific aquifer features that result in different ways to be sensitive to climate. This manuscript also provides a novel outcome involving the integrated approach wherein it is a very efficient tool for forecasting modeling when boundary conditions, which significantly affect the behavior of such systems, are subjected to evolve under expected climate scenarios.
Nonstationary Annual Maximum Flood Frequency Analysis Using a Conceptual Hydrologic Model with Time-Varying Parameters
Authors: Zeng Ling , Bi Hongwei , Li Yu , Liu Xiulin , Li Shuai , Chen Jinfeng
Published: December 2022

Recent evidence of the impact of watershed underlying conditions on hydrological processes have made the assumption of stationarity widely questioned. In this study, the temporal variations of frequency distributions of the annual maximum flood were investigated by continuous hydrological simulation considering nonstationarity for Weihe River Basin (WRB) in northwestern China. To this end, two nonstationary versions of the GR4J model were introduced, where the production storage capacity parameter was regarded as a function of time and watershed conditions (e.g., reservoir storage and soil-water conservation land area), respectively. Then the models were used to generate long-term runoff series to derive flood frequency distributions, with synthetic rainfall series generated by a stochastic rainfall model as input. The results show a better performance of the nonstationary GR4J model in runoff simulation than the stationary version, especially for the annual maximum flow series, with the corresponding NSE metric increasing from 0.721 to 0.808. The application of the nonstationary flood frequency analysis indicates the presence of significant nonstationarity in the flood quantiles and magnitudes, where the flood quantiles for an annual exceedance probability of 0.01 range from 4187 m3/s to 8335 m3/s for the past decades. This study can serve as a reference for flood risk management in WRB and possibly for other basins undergoing drastic changes caused by intense human activities.
Degradation of Carbamazepine by HF-Free-Synthesized MIL-101(Cr)@Anatase TiO2 Composite under UV-A Irradiation: Degradation Mechanism, Wastewater Matrix Effect, and Degradation Pathway
Authors: Goh J. W. , Xiong Y. , Wu W. , Huang Z. , Ong S. L. , Hu J. Y.
Published: December 2022

TiO2 has been hampered by drawbacks such as rapid photoelectron and hole recombination and a wide energy band gap of 3.2 eV. In this study, MIL-101(Cr)@TiO2 was synthesised without any mineraliser (HF) as part of material modification approach to overcome those pitfalls. The composite was well characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM, XPS, BET, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy. Under optimal synthesis conditions, the 9.17% MIL-101(Cr)@TiO2 composite exhibited 99.9% CBZ degradation after 60 min under UV-A irradiation. This can be attributed to the delayed recombination of photo-generated h+ and e− and a reduced band gap energy of 2.9 eV. A Type II heterojunction structure was proposed for the composite using the Mulligan function of electronegativity with the calculated Ecb and Evb. Besides, trapping experiments and ESR spectroscopy confirmed O2•− as the main ROS for CBZ degradation. The effects of the operating parameters such as pH, UV intensity, composite dosage, and initial pollutant concentration were also evaluated. The scavenging effects of inorganic and organic constituents of pharmaceutical wastewater on the process were also evaluated, with HCO3−, CO32−, and THF having more significant inhibition on the overall CBZ degradation. The degradation pathways of CBZ were also proposed based on detected intermediates with the aid of LC/MS/MS. The composite illustrated reusability and stability without considerable loss in the degradation performance after repeated runs. This work builds on the development of more effective photocatalysts and provides a glimpse into applications for similar MOF heterojunction photocatalysts.
Indicadores de qualidade de vida no trabalho de docentes de instituições federais de ensino superior das regiões sudeste, centro-oeste e Distrito Federal / Quality of life indicators in the work of teachers from federal higher education institutions in the southeast, midwest and Federal District
Authors: Boas Ana Alice Vilas , Pires Ana Alice de Sousa , Faria Danuza Adriane , Morin Estelle M.
Published: December 2022

A carreira docente no ensino superior que já foi muito almejada, vem sofrendo com a precarização das condições de trabalho que pode ser observada no produtivismo, no excesso de atividades administrativas que os docentes precisam realizar e na precariedade de algumas instituições.  Tendo em vista que os profissionais buscam a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) como uma forma de obter uma sensação de bem-estar no local de trabalho, essa situação compromete a QVT desses profissionais. A QVT é um conceito complexo, que combina dois aspectos principais: os fatores - determinantes da QVT - e os indicadores - componentes de QVT. Neste estudo vamos analisar os indicadores: sentido do trabalho, sentido no trabalho, comprometimento organizacional, bem-estar psicológico, sofrimento psicológico, burnout, comprometimento com o trabalho, estresse relacionado ao trabalho, equilíbrio vida-trabalho e presenteísmo.O presente estudo quantitativo faz uma análise desses indicadores de qualidade de vida no trabalho de instituições federais de ensino superior localizadas nas regiões Sudeste (exceto MG e ES), Centro-Oeste e Distrito Federal. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário on-line enviado via Survey Monkey para os e-mails dos docentes que foram coletados dos sites das instituições, no ano de 2016. Os dados foram analisados no SPSS versão 2.1. Os resultados obtidos através das análises mostram que o inter-relacionamento entre os indicadores são consistentes. Quando esses são bem compreendidos e trabalhados, eles podem proporcionar ganhos para as organizações e para os próprios indivíduos. O inter-relacionamento entre os indicadores de QVT encontrado nesta pesquisa mostram que os resultados são consistentes com outra pesquisa comparativa entre professores brasileiros e canadenses e que os coeficientes dos indicadores são coerentes com os construtos aparentes que mostram a relevância dos indicadores de Sentido do Trabalho e do Sentido no Trabalho para se entender melhor os padrões de qualidade de vida no trabalho (VILAS BOAS e MORIN, 2017, 2016, 2013). A comparação de medias de amostras independentes mostra que as mulheres apresentam mais estresse relacionado ao trabalho, mais sofrimento psicológico, mais burnout e mais presenteísmo, enquanto que os homens apresentam mais bem-estar psicológico e mais e equilíbrio vida/trabalho. Em suma, pode-se afirmar que a promoção da qualidade de vida no trabalho deve ser um conjunto de atividades para promover um ambiente de trabalho saudável e um trabalho que faz sentido ao indivíduo, por isso lidar com estes indicadores e de extrema importância para melhorar o ambiente organizacional e os mesmos devem ser observado pelos gestores públicos.
Concepção e influência da liga acadêmica de geotecnia (LAG) no curso de engenharia civil da PUC-MG / Conception and influence of the academic geotechnical league (LAG) in the civil engineering course of PUC-MG
Authors: Silva Luan Domingues da , Silva Mariana Alvarenga Ruas e , Resende André Matoso , Paula Mhaisa Henrique de , Bonaldo Everaldo
Published: December 2022

O curso de engenharia civil é a modalidade da engenharia o qual possuiu a segunda maior quantidade de concluintes em 2011 no Brasil. Este alto contingente de novos engenheiros foi possivelmente absorvido pela indústria da construção civil, sobretudo devido ao momento econômico ascendente em que o país encontrava-se e à participação do Brasil como país sede da copa e das olimpíadas. Também, em 2011, o curso de engenharia civil apresentou a maior quantidade de ingressantes dentre as engenharias, sendo também um dos cursos mais concorridos.  Esta alta demanda pelo curso, concomitante a crise de 2015 repercutiram na escassez de empregos no mercado de trabalho em todas as subáreas da engenharia civil, inclusive no setor de geotecnia cuja aplicação normalmente é limitada durante os cursos de graduação. Este fator somado ao desinteresse dos discentes resulta em um baixo contingente de mão de obra qualificada e jovem para obras de geotecnia, tornando-a uma área majoritariamente integrada por engenheiros mais experientes. Tais fatores impulsionaram estudantes de graduação do curso de engenharia civil da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC-MG) à criação da Liga Acadêmica de Geotecnia (LAG) com o propósito de desenvolver atividades acadêmicas, científicas e extensivas a fim de aprimoramento e maior preparação tanto para a esfera profissional, quanto para o âmbito acadêmico. Portanto, este artigo apresenta a concepção da liga acadêmica de Engenharia Civil na PUC-MG unidade Barreiro e as principais mudanças que este grupo já estimulou na formação dos estudantes e até mesmo na qualidade do curso.
Resultados e efeitos da atuação da imprensa burguesa sobre os partidos políticos no Brasil / Results and effects of the bourgeois press on political parties in Brazil
Authors: Lisboa Neto Levy
Published: December 2022

A imprensa, enquanto subproduto da mídia, apresenta-se em condições de ser um dos elementos a interferir na compreensão dos cidadãos sobre as instituições políticas, bem como influenciar o comportamento, de maneira específica, dos partidos políticos, posto que ela se tornou uma das principais instituições sociais a ter ascendência no processo de socialização do indivíduo. Por isso, há necessidade de contextualizar e pesquisar as intercorrências dessa relação, cujas causas e efeitos parecem atingir sobremaneira a operacionalização do sistema político com um todo, dado o protagonismo ainda exercido pelos partidos sobre a representação política na democracia. Em outros termos, o modo com o qual a imprensa age seria capaz de repercutir e influenciar o modus operandi dos partidos. Dessa forma, buscamos entender parcela da relação entre imprensa e partidos de forma a enumerar alguns pontos capazes de influenciar e alterar procedimentos, sobretudo aqueles oriundos da imprensa sobre os partidos políticos e não o contrário. Tal perspectiva se desenvolve a partir de uma leitura da imprensa ancorada no modo capitalista de produção. Neste caso específico, vamos nos deter e estabelecer como parâmetro e substrato analíticos a condição da notícia e/ou informação – obtida por meio dos meios de comunicação de massas e de seus porta-vozes da imprensa – como mercadoria.Neste ponto, publicizamos (repercutimos) uma relação cada vez mais sobressalente na contemporaneidade, a da imprensa com os partidos e a política em geral, a qual, para alguns autores, já ganha status de centralidade nas discussões de âmbito institucional. Não obstante, inserido no bojo desse debate emerge, de forma paralela, a possibilidade de se levantar algumas interpretações relativas à suposta crise da representação política conferida em larga medida aos partidos.
Assessoria jurídica universitária popular e os processos de tomada de decisões acerca dos instrumentos de política urbana em âmbito municipal / Popular university legal advice and decision-making processes on urban policy instruments at municipal level
Authors: Barbosa Guilherme Bezerra , Vieira Larissa Camurça
Published: December 2022

O presente trabalho trata da atuação do Centro de Assessoria Jurídica Universitária (CAJU) no acompanhamento de dois processos de regulamentação da política urbana do município de Fortaleza: a eleição do Conselho Municipal de Habitação, na Conferência Municipal de Habitação, e o Comitê Técnico Intersetorial e Comunitário das ZEIS3. De acordo com as avaliações desse processo feitas pelos membros do CAJU4, foi realizado um balanço da efetividade da atuação do núcleo, no sentido de buscar contribuições reais para a melhoria da política urbana municipal. Avaliou-se também o papel pedagógico interno que tal atuação na seara urbanística gerou, tendo como base os princípios norteadores da assessoria jurídica popular. A partir dos apontamentos gerados por essas avaliações, o CAJU buscou readequar sua atuação urbana, para que esta ficasse mais condizente sobretudo com a prática da educação popular.
Expert System Diagnosa Penyakit Torch pada Ibu Hamil dengan Metode Certainty Factor dan Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Fiqran Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Penyakit TORCH merupakan kelompok infeksi beberapa jenis virus yaitu Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus dan Herpes. Penyebab utama dari virus dan parasit TORCH adalah hewan yang ada disekitar kita seperti ayam, kucing, burung, tikus, merpati, dan lainnya. Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus dan Herpes dapat menyebabkan rusaknya vertilitas pada ibu hamil. Sel telur maupun inti sel pada ibu hamil dirusak oleh virus tersebut kemudian sel telurnya mengecil, menyebabkan terbentuknya mioma, penyumbatan atau perlengketan, sehingga sel telur tidak bisa dibuahi dan mengakibatkan sulit hamil. Oleh sebab itu, sangat penting dilakukan diagnosis dini agar dapat dilakukan pencegahan atau pengobatan lebih awal. Proses diagnosis dapat dilakukan langsung kepada dokter atau bidan, namun sering terjadi permasalahan seperti: keterbatasan waktu, keadaan fisik yang tidak memungkinkan untuk meninggalkan rumah, masalah keuangan, keterbatasan tenaga dokter atau bidan dan lain-lain. Untuk dapat mempermudah masyarakat dalam mengenali masalah TORCH pada pada ibu hamil, maka diperlukan suatu sistem yang dapat membantu pekerjaan dokter dalam diagnosa awal masalah TORCH pada ibu hamil. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode certainty factor dan fuzzy logic dalam mendiagnosa masalah TORCH pada ibu hamil untuk menghitung tingkat akurasi jenis masalah yang dialami berdasarkan gejala-gejala yang dirasakan oleh user. Dari pengujian diperoleh hasil dalam menangani masalah TORCH pada ibu dengan tingkat akurasi sebesar 40,00%. Sistem pakar yang dihasilkan dapat membantu pasien dalam berkonsultasi untuk menangani masalah TORCH pada ibu hamil.
Evaluasi User Experience Dalam Aspek Usability Pada Aplikasi Android Edukasi Literasi Matematika
Authors: Rizal Padhilah  , Muhammad Raihan Satrio Putra Pamungkas  , Syarifah Husniyah  , Nisrina Ramadhani Listarto  , Annisa Nur Aeni  , Rini Marwati
Published: December 2022

Currently, user experience has becomes an important thing in software development. Few users reportedly has left the application as a result of bad experience that occurs to them. Usability as one of the sub aspect of user experience that play role as a indicator level of how easy user using application is being evaluated in this study. Perceptual difference due to gender and character of children became the choosen topic, so this study aims to determine the significant effect of gender from elementary school students on the results of the usability evaluation that conducted. The application tested in this study is an android-based application called PrismaKu which is present as a smart solution to improve the mathematical literacy skills of elementary school students in Indonesia. This research method refers to previous method named research learning spiral method which is carried out in one cycle. Tests were conducted to measure the duration of each task and application ease of use assessment using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Based on the research results, there are no significant effect of gender from elementary school students on the results of usability neither duration of each task nor system usability scale score. Nevertheless, score and duration show difference as viewed from numerical and descriptive perspective.
The enigma of caste atrocities
Authors: Sashittal Nihar
Published: December 2022

The dominant narrative on caste today asserts that the people belonging to the Scheduled Castes or “Dalits” and Scheduled Tribes or “Tribals” face pervasive and disproportionately more violence. The situation is considered further accentuated by the alleged “caste bias” against these communities in the police and the judiciary. The stringent legal provisions passed by the Indian Parliament, specifically to address crimes against these communities, have been presented as ineffectual or insufficient in curbing this violence. The official crime statistics are often cited as supporting these claims. However, a closer look at this data on crimes against SCs and STs, including the rates of crimes, court convictions and pendency, shows that these popular claims are not based on the evidence that the data provides. Further, a scrutiny of the claims itself reveals serious conceptual problems, fallacies, and errors. This article, while analyzing the currently available data on crimes against SCs and STs, also traces the source of the problems that have marred their understanding and interpretation. We specifically look at the evolution of the word ‘atrocity’ in the context of caste, how the term acquired a strange definition, how it came to mediate the understanding of caste violence and the collection of crime statistics, and how its usage is incredibly loaded to prove the point that there is excessive violence against SCs and STs.
On the explanatory adequacy of the Hindutva-as-Brahmanical model
Authors: Raghuvanshy Garima
Published: December 2022

One of the most significant and confounding anomalies facing experts and commentators is the Hindutva movement’s popularity amongst Dalit and OBC voters. If the Hindutva movement is Brahmanical, how can it be the choice of those it seeks to oppress? This article examines this conundrum. It addresses three central arguments in claims that the movement is Brahmanical, showing how these are based on arbitrary, incomplete data (such as the claim that the Sangh Parivar is against caste-based reservations), or hide conceptual contradictions (such as the argument that the Sangh’s opposition to proselytization is casteist). Furthermore, taken to their logical end, explanations for the movement’s success amongst Dalit and OBC groups raise fundamental questions for/contradictions to the received view on the caste system. This article concludes that describing the Hindutva movement as Brahmanical raises many questions for the received view on the caste system without furthering our understanding of the movement in any way.
Hubungan Kontrol Diri dengan Perilaku Menyontek pada Mahasiswa di Kota Makassar
Authors: Zalsabila Fira , Khumas Asniar , Hamid Andi Nasrawaty
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-control and cheating behavior in students in Makassar City. This study uses quantitative methods. The population in this study were students in Makassar City. The sampling technique used in this study was accidental sampling with the number of respondents as many as 225 (N = 225) students. This study was measured using a cheating behavior scale and a self-control scale. The research data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study indicate that the significant value is p = 0.000 (p<0.05), and the correlation coefficient is r = -0.742. Thus, there is a relationship between self-control and cheating behavior in students in Makassar City. The correlation coefficient value shows a negative value, which means that self-control and cheating behavior are negatively correlated with each other and are in the high category.
KORELASI KEBIASAAN MEMBACA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN PADA SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 1 MAMBI
Authors: Kurnia Kurnia , Yunus Nur Hafsah , Handayani Handayani
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the relationship between reading habits and the ability to read grade VII students of SMP N 1 Mambi. The analytical method used in this study is a quantitative research method with a correlational design. The population in this study were all students of SMP N 1 Mambi, the sample of this study was class VII students with a total of 57 students. The instruments used are test sheets and questionnaires. Data collection techniques in this study are test and non-test techniques—data analysis techniques, namely descriptive statistics and inferential statistics parametric inferential Pearson correlation. The descriptive statistical analysis of reading habits results showed that the highest score was 92.50 and the lowest score was 54.17. Then the total number obtained is 4254.13, and the average is 74.6339. The results of descriptive statistical analysis of reading comprehension ability showed the highest score obtained was 89.29 and the lowest score was 25.00. Then the total number obtained is 3510.68, and the average is 61.5909. shows that when the Pearson Correlation is -0.120 and sig. (2-tailed) is 0.347. Because of sig. (2-tailed) is higher than (0.05) then it can be stated that there is no relationship between reading habits and reading comprehension.
ANALOGI PEREMPUAN DALAM PERKEMBANGAN ARSITEKTUR VERNAKULAR DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Hildayanti Andi
Published: December 2022

In the vernacular architecture development, the female body size has been used as a basis for determining the room size in the building. The existing forms appreciation manifested in domain forms, space functions, materials, and ornaments. The female gender elements, both in terms of body anatomy and  special room, are applied as a form of reflection the traditional identity house. One of the traditional houses that applies gender roles as an architectural philosophy is the Karampuang Traditional House which is located in Sinjai Regency, South Sulawesi. This study discusses the role of women as the basis for the philosophy and architectural symbolism of the Karampuang Traditional House. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis interpretation based on the architectural components found in the Karampuang house data. The results showed that complexity of female gender which cannot be separated from the nature of women and the history of Karampuang where the first person to build and prosper Karampuang is a woman. The use and placement of symbols on parts and ornaments of the house represents the female body anatomy. The female gender is more dominant in the traditional Karampuang house. Aspects based on gender in the Karampuang traditional house are influenced by the history believed by the community, and female gender elements both in terms of body anatomy, as well as a special room for women are applied in their traditional houses. In the context of preserving traditional houses and regional culture, especially in Karampuang, serious attention is needed both by the people themselves and by the government in an effort to protect, maintain, and maintain the uniqueness of Karampuang architecture.
STANDAR PENGELOLAAN PENDIDIKAN MA BPII (BADAN PERGURUAN ISLAM INDONESIA) PAMBOANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH DAN MANAJEMEN MUTU TERPADU
Authors: Nurfitri Nurfitri
Published: December 2022

The study aimed to reflect the implementation of the standard for management of education in a shool-based and integrated quality management perspective in MA BPII (Indonesian Islamic School) Pamboang. The study used a type of qualitative research with an approach to case studies. The object of this study was carried out in ma bpii (the Indonesian islamic school) Pamboang. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation. The data sources in the study included the headmaster, curriculum section vice principal, students, publicists, sarpras, committee and students. The analysis techniques used in the study are data collecting, data reduction, data presentation, deduction. The triangulation used to test the validity of data is source triangulation.Research showed that the management of education in MA BPII Pamboang was established from the decision of the head of the school to manage education in MA BPII Pamboang, from the independence of the principal to take decisions in curriculum and student classes, the participation of all schoolchildren from the principal, teacher, and teacher. The education and education participants have a crucial share in all of the activities that are available in MA BPII Pamboang, where school management was conducted according to each other's ability, and the principal gives all schoolchildren an opportunity to make an opinion to improve the quality of education ma bpii pamboang. Integrated quality management in MA BPII (Indonesia islamic School) researcher found that it had not fully applied integrated quality management, as shown by studies that researcher had found only 5 integrated quality management principles from 8 existing ones.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ilham S Muhammad , Baharullah Baharullah , Wahyudi Andi Ardhila
Published: December 2022

This research is motivated by the low ability of students to solve problems resulting in low learning outcomes in mathematics. Therefore, it is necessary to solve problems related to these problems by applying Realistic Mathematics Learning. The type of research used is pre-experimental research which aims to determine the effect of real mathematics learning on the learning outcomes of elementary school students. The research design used was The One Group pretest-posttest design. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out using test techniques. The data analysis technique used paired sample t-test. The results showed that the average mathematics learning outcomes score before treatment was 73.17, and after treatment was 82.96. While the results of inferential statistical analysis showed that the score of the p-value (sig (2-takes)) was 0.000 <0.05. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that Realistic Mathematics Learning has a significant effect on elementary school students' mathematics learning outcomes.
EKSISTENSI PEMUDA DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN WISATA ALAM DI DESA PAPPANDANGAN KECAMATAN ANREAPI KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Parawansa Aco , IR Rustan , Wawan Nelson
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan eksistensi pemuda dalam pemberdayaan wisata alam di Desa Pappandangan dan untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat yang berpengaruh terhadap eksistensi pemuda pemuda dalam pemberdayaan wisata alam di Desa Pappandangan Kecamatan Anreapi Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang hasilnya disajikan secara deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan subjek penelitian adalah pengelola, pemuda, tokoh masyarakat, dan masyarakat sekitar di Desa Pappandangan. Pembuktian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif dengan langkah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah : (1) Eksistensi  pemuda dalam pemberdayaan wisata alam adalah sebagai obyek, bukan sebagai subyek, yang ditandai dengan: (a) tidak terdapat partisipasi pemuda dalam pembuatan dan pengambilan keputusan dalam rencana-rencana yang biasa dilaksanakan karena inisiatif setiap program tidak muncul dari pemuda tapi dari pengurusnya. (b) partisipasi pemuda dalam implementasi dan pelaksanaan. Pemuda terlibat pada beberapa kegiatan desa wisata, yaitu outbound, permainan anak, kegiatan api unggun, dan kesenian jathilan dan gejug lesung. (c) partisipasi pemuda dalam menikmati hasil kegiatan yang memberikan keuntungan pada segi keuangan pemuda dan kekompakan di masyarakat. (2) Faktor pendukung pemuda dalam Pemberdayaan Wisata Alam desa Pappandangan antara lain: semangat, faktor pengangguran, dan faktor masyarakat. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya antara lain: Eksistensi pemuda belum maksimal, dan kurangnya dana atau pemasukan dari pemerintah daerah.
İkinci Servikal Vertebranın Morfometrik Analizi: Radyolojik Bir Çalışma
Authors: DOĞRU Semahat , ATEŞOĞLU KARABAŞ Sibel , BALLI Tuğsan
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Baş ile gövde arasındaki bağlantıyı sağlayan servikal omurgalar kraniyofasial bir çok yapıyı barındıran önemli bir anatomik konuma sahiptir. Bu çalışmada yetişkin bireylerdeki ikinci servikal vertebranın (C-2) morfometrik özelliklerinin ortaya konulması ve cinsiyete bağlı farklılıkların belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metod: Çukurova Üniversitesi Radyoloji Anabilim dalına başvuran ve lateral kraniyofasiyal radyografisi çekilmiş 22 yaş ve üstü toplam 89 (40’ı kadın, 49’u erkek) hastada retrospektif olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya dahil edilen bireylerin yaşlarının ortalaması 47,85 (kadınlarda 48,15, erkeklerde 47,61) idi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen erkeklerin boy ve kilo ölçümlerinin kadınlardan daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Ölçüm parametrelerine baktığımızda total yükseklik (TY), üst dens derinliği (ÜDD), alt dens derinliği (ADD), ön vertebra gövde yüksekliği (ÖVGY), arka vertebra gövde yüksekliği (AVGY) ve horizontal ön-arka uzunluklarının (HÖAU) erkeklerde kadınlardan istatistiksel olarak daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05).
Sonuç: C-2 vertebranın morfometrik özellikleri ile kadın ve erkeklerdeki farklılıkları ortaya konulmuştur. Bu sonuçların göz önünde bulundurularak hastalıkların tanı ve tedavisinde, cerrahi operasyonlarda klinisyenlere yardımcı olabileceği kanaatindeyiz.
Genetic Monitoring as a Component of Hepatitis C Surveillance
Authors: Kashnikova Anna D. , Bystrova Tatiana N. , Polyanina Anastasia V. , Zalesskikh, Artem A.
Published: December 2022

Background: The hepatitis C virus is known for its high spontaneous mutation rate and genetic heterogeneity. Genotype distribution varies greatly between different regions of Russia. This phenomenon reflects autonomous nature of the epidemic process of the hepatitis C infection.
Objective: To investigate and analyze the diversity of genetic variants of the hepatitis C virus currently circulating in the city of Nizhny Novgorod.
Material and methods: Official hepatitis C incidence data for the Nizhny Novgorod Region were analyzed retrospectively. From the blood serum bank, we obtained 142,254 serum samples from examined outpatients and patients admitted to hospitals for noninfectious diseases. Laboratory testing included detection of the following markers for hepatitis C virus infection: serum anti-HCV IgM and IgG, antibodies to structural and non-structural viral proteins. A part of seropositive samples was tested for HCV RNA and genotyped by real-time PCR.
Results: We observed stabilization of the trend in the incidence of acute hepatitis C in Nizhny Novgorod and a steady decrease in the incidence of newly diagnosed chronic hepatitis C. The antibody serology tests showed that the prevalence of anti-HCV was 3.1 ± 0.1 per 100 examined persons. HCV RNA was detected in 1.9 ± 0.1 % of adults, the most affected being those aged 40–49 years. Subtypes 1b and 3a prevailed while subtype 1a, genotype 2, and mixed variants were rare.
Conclusion: Introduction of advances in genetic diagnosis into the system of epidemiologic hepatitis C surveillance is determined by the relevance of conducting a comprehensive examination of people infected with HCV in order to monitor circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypes/subtypes and to understand the evolution and epidemiological features of the disease in different areas.