bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Color Stability, Physical Properties and Antifungal Effects of ZrO2 Additions to Experimental Maxillofacial Silicones: Comparisons with TiO2
Authors: Alkahtany Mazen , Beatty Mark W. , Alsalleeh Fahd , Petro Thomas M. , Simetich Bobby , Zhou You , Feely Dennis , Polyzois Grigoris
Published: September 2023

(1) Background: Color changes, physical degradation, and fungal infections are challenges to the longevity of maxillofacial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers. This study aimed to evaluate color changes, physical properties, and antifungal properties of PDMS loaded with ZrO2 and TiO2 submicron- and nano-sized particles. (2) Methods: A 1% weight of 40 nm or 200 nm diameter ZrO2 or TiO2 nanoparticles was mixed into PDMS with 2% functional intrinsic yellow pigment and polymerized. Control materials contained 13% weight 200 nm silica. Samples were exposed to 3000 h of UVB radiation (200 µW/cm2) or darkness. Color parameters L*a*b* and ∆Eab*, ultimate tensile strength, strain, elastic modulus, and Shore A hardness were measured. Candida albicans growth was measured using XTT and confocal microscopy, and data were analyzed with the Dunnett test (p < 0.01). (3) Results: TiO2 200 nm showed the least color change after 3000 h of UVB radiation, followed by TiO2 40 nm (p < 0.05). The silica-containing control group was superior in all physical property measurements due to higher additive content (p < 0.05). TiO2-containing materials exhibited significantly lower C. albicans growth (p < 0.01) than those loaded with ZrO2 or SiO2. (4) Conclusions: TiO2 nanoparticles of 40 nm and 200 nm, when added to pigmented PDMS at 1% weight, provided the best resistance to color change and significantly lowered C. albicans activity compared to silica- and zirconia-filled elastomers. Particle size differences rendered minor differences for most properties. The incorporation of low-level submicron- and nano-sized TiO2 particles has the potential to improve color stability and antifungal activity in silicones designated for maxillofacial prostheses and may be extended to denture reline applications.
Reconstructing Geometrical Models of Indoor Environments Based on Point Clouds
Authors: Kellner Maximilian , Stahl Bastian , Reiterer Alexander
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we present a workflow that combines supervised and unsupervised methods for the reconstruction of geometric models with architectural information from unordered 3D data. Our method uses a downsampling strategy to enrich features to provide scalability for large datasets, increase robustness, and be independent of the sensor used. A Neural Network is then used to segment the resulting point cloud into basic structures. This removes furniture and clutter and preserves the relevant walls, ceilings, floors, and openings. A 2D projection combined with a graph structure is used to find a Region of Interest within the cleaned point cloud, indicating a potential room. Each detected region is projected back into a 3D data patch to refine the room candidates and allow for more complex room structures. The resulting patches are fitted with a polygon using geometric approaches. In addition, architectural features, such as windows and doors, are added to the polygon. To demonstrate that the presented approach works and that the network provides usable results, even with changing data sources, we tested the approach in different real-world scenarios with different sensor systems.
Satellite Imagery-Estimated Intertidal Seaweed Biomass Using UAV as an Intermediary
Authors: Chen Jianqu , Wang Kai , Zhao Xu , Cheng Xiaopeng , Zhang Shouyu , Chen Jie , Li Jun , Li Xunmeng
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as a supplement to satellite remote sensing to accurately assess benthic seaweed biomass in intertidal zones, in order to improve inversion accuracy results and investigate the spatial distribution patterns of seaweed. By adopting non-multicollinearity vegetation indices (feature sets) from PlanetScope and Sentinel-2, and using benthic seaweed biomass inverted from multispectral UAV imagery as the label set for satellite pixel biomass values, machine learning methods (Gradient boosting decision tree, GBDT) can effectively improve the accuracy of biomass estimation results for Ulva pertusa and Sargassum thunbergii species (Ulva pertusa, RSentinel22 = 0.74, RPlanetScope2 = 0.8; Sargassum thunbergii, RSentinel22 = 0.88, RPlanetScope2 = 0.69). The average biomasses of Ulva pertusa and Sargassum thunbergii in the intertidal zone of Gouqi Island are 456.84 g/m2 and 2606.60 g/m2, respectively, and the total resources are 3.5 × 108 g and 1.4 × 109 g, respectively. In addition, based on the hyperspectral data, it was revealed that a major source of error is the patchy distribution of seaweed.
Movement Recognition through Inductive Wireless Links: Investigation of Different Fabrication Techniques
Authors: Monti Giuseppina , Tarricone Luciano
Published: September 2023

In this paper, an inductive wireless link for motion recognition is investigated. In order to validate the feasibility of a wearable implementation, the use of three different materials is analyzed: a thin copper wire, a conductive yarn, and a conductive non-woven fabric. Results from the application of the developed devices on an arm are reported and discussed. It is demonstrated that the proposed textile inductive resonant wireless links are well suited for developing a compact wearable system for joint flexion recognition.
EEG-Based Emotion Recognition with Consideration of Individual Difference
Authors: Xia Yuxiao , Liu Yinhua
Published: September 2023

Electroencephalograms (EEGs) are often used for emotion recognition through a trained EEG-to-emotion models. The training samples are EEG signals recorded while participants receive external induction labeled as various emotions. Individual differences such as emotion degree and time response exist under the same external emotional inductions. These differences can lead to a decrease in the accuracy of emotion classification models in practical applications. The brain-based emotion recognition model proposed in this paper is able to sufficiently consider these individual differences. The proposed model comprises an emotion classification module and an individual difference module (IDM). The emotion classification module captures the spatial and temporal features of the EEG data, while the IDM introduces personalized adjustments to specific emotional features by accounting for participant-specific variations as a form of interference. This approach aims to enhance the classification performance of EEG-based emotion recognition for diverse participants. The results of our comparative experiments indicate that the proposed method obtains a maximum accuracy of 96.43% for binary classification on DEAP data. Furthermore, it performs better in scenarios with significant individual differences, where it reaches a maximum accuracy of 98.92%.
Video Global Motion Compensation Based on Affine Inverse Transform Model
Authors: Zhang Nan , Liu Weifeng , Xia Xingyu
Published: September 2023

Global motion greatly increases the number of false alarms for object detection in video sequences against dynamic backgrounds. Therefore, before detecting the target in the dynamic background, it is necessary to estimate and compensate the global motion to eliminate the influence of the global motion. In this paper, we use the SURF (speeded up robust features) algorithm combined with the MSAC (M-Estimate Sample Consensus) algorithm to process the video. The global motion of a video sequence is estimated according to the feature point matching pairs of adjacent frames of the video sequence and the global motion parameters of the video sequence under the dynamic background. On this basis, we propose an inverse transformation model of affine transformation, which acts on each adjacent frame of the video sequence in turn. The model compensates the global motion, and outputs a video sequence after global motion compensation from a specific view for object detection. Experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can accurately perform motion compensation on video sequences containing complex global motion, and the compensated video sequences achieve higher peak signal-to-noise ratio and better visual effects.
Spatio-Temporal Changes in Ecosystem Quality across the Belt and Road Region
Authors: Wei Xiangqin , Cheng Tianhai , Yang Jian , Qiao Shijiao , Li Li , Yu Haidong , Mi Xiaofei , Liu Yan , Guo Hong , Li Jiaguo , Sun Yuan , Wang Chunmei , Gu Xingfa
Published: September 2023

The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative (BRI) proposed in 2013 by China has greatly accelerated the social and economic development of the countries along the Belt and Road (B&R) region. However, the international community has questioned its impact on the ecological environment and a comprehensive assessment of ecosystem quality changes is lacking. Therefore, this study proposes an objective and automatic method to assess ecosystem quality and analyzes the spatiotemporal changes in the B&R region. First, an ecosystem quality index (EQI) is established by integrating the vegetation status derived from three remote sensing ecological parameters including the leaf area index, fractional vegetation cover and gross primary productivity. Then, the EQI values are automatically categorized into five ecosystem quality levels including excellent, good, moderate, low and poor to illustrate their spatiotemporal changes from the years 2016 to 2020. The results indicate that the spatial distributions of the EQIs across the B&R region exhibited similar patterns in the years 2016 and 2020. The regions with excellent levels accounted for the lowest proportion of less than 12%, while regions with moderate, low and poor levels accounted for more than 68% of the study area. Moreover, based on the EQI pattern analysis between the years 2016 and 2020, the regions with no significant EQI change accounted for up to 99.33% and approximately 0.45% experienced a significantly decreased EQI. Therefore, this study indicates that the ecosystem quality of the B&R region was relatively poor and experienced no significant change in the five years after the implementation of the “Vision and Action to Promote the Joint Construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road”. This study can provide useful information for decision support on the future ecological environment management and sustainable development of the B&R region.
Investigation of Camera-Free Eye-Tracking Glasses Compared to a Video-Based System
Authors: Zafar Abdullah , Calderon Claudia Martin , Yeboah Anne Marie , Dalton Kristine , Irving Elizabeth , Niechwiej-Szwedo Ewa
Published: September 2023

Technological advances in eye-tracking have resulted in lightweight, portable solutions that are capable of capturing eye movements beyond laboratory settings. Eye-tracking devices have typically relied on heavier, video-based systems to detect pupil and corneal reflections. Advances in mobile eye-tracking technology could facilitate research and its application in ecological settings; more traditional laboratory research methods are able to be modified and transferred to real-world scenarios. One recent technology, the AdHawk MindLink, introduced a novel camera-free system embedded in typical eyeglass frames. This paper evaluates the AdHawk MindLink by comparing the eye-tracking recordings with a research “gold standard”, the EyeLink II. By concurrently capturing data from both eyes, we compare the capability of each eye tracker to quantify metrics from fixation, saccade, and smooth pursuit tasks—typical elements in eye movement research—across a sample of 13 adults. The MindLink system was capable of capturing fixation stability within a radius of less than 0.5∘, estimating horizontal saccade amplitudes with an accuracy of 0.04∘± 2.3∘, vertical saccade amplitudes with an accuracy of 0.32∘± 2.3∘, and smooth pursuit speeds with an accuracy of 0.5 to 3∘s, depending on the pursuit speed. While the performance of the MindLink system in measuring fixation stability, saccade amplitude, and smooth pursuit eye movements were slightly inferior to the video-based system, MindLink provides sufficient gaze-tracking capabilities for dynamic settings and experiments.
PCB Defect Detection via Local Detail and Global Dependency Information
Authors: Feng Bixian , Cai Jueping
Published: September 2023

Due to the impact of the production environment, there may be quality issues on the surface of printed circuit boards (PCBs), which could result in significant economic losses during the application process. As a result, PCB surface defect detection has become an essential step for managing PCB production quality. With the continuous advancement of PCB production technology, defects on PCBs now exhibit characteristics such as small areas and diverse styles. Utilizing global information plays a crucial role in detecting these small and variable defects. To address this challenge, we propose a novel defect detection framework named Defect Detection TRansformer (DDTR), which combines convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformer architectures. In the backbone, we employ the Residual Swin Transformer (ResSwinT) to extract both local detail information using ResNet and global dependency information through the Swin Transformer. This approach allows us to capture multi-scale features and enhance feature expression capabilities.In the neck of the network, we introduce spatial and channel multi-head self-attention (SCSA), enabling the network to focus on advantageous features in different dimensions. Moving to the head, we employ multiple cascaded detectors and classifiers to further improve defect detection accuracy. We conducted extensive experiments on the PKU-Market-PCB and DeepPCB datasets. Comparing our proposed DDTR framework with existing common methods, we achieved the highest F1-score and produced the most informative visualization results. Lastly, ablation experiments were performed to demonstrate the feasibility of individual modules within the DDTR framework. These experiments confirmed the effectiveness and contributions of our approach.
Force-Induced Visualization of Nucleic Acid Functions with Single-Nucleotide Resolution
Authors: Hu Qiongzheng , Jia Haina , Wang Yuhong , Xu Shoujun
Published: September 2023

Nucleic acids are major targets for molecular sensing because of their wide involvement in biological functions. Determining their presence, movement, and binding specificity is thus well pursued. However, many current techniques are usually sophisticated, expensive, and often lack single-nucleotide resolution. In this paper, we report the force-induced visualization method that relies on the novel concept of mechanical force to determine the functional positions of nucleic acids with single-nucleotide resolution. The use of an adjustable mechanical force overcomes the variation of analyte concentration and differences in buffer conditions that are common in biological settings. Two examples are described to validate the method: one is probing the mRNA movement during ribosomal translocation, and the other is revealing the interacting sites and strengths of DNA-binding drugs based on the force amplitude. The flexibility of the method, simplicity of the associated device, and capability of multiplexed detection will potentially enable a broad range of biomedical applications.
A Survey of Deep Learning-Based Low-Light Image Enhancement
Authors: Tian Zhen , Qu Peixin , Li Jielin , Sun Yukun , Li Guohou , Liang Zheng , Zhang Weidong
Published: September 2023

Images captured under poor lighting conditions often suffer from low brightness, low contrast, color distortion, and noise. The function of low-light image enhancement is to improve the visual effect of such images for subsequent processing. Recently, deep learning has been used more and more widely in image processing with the development of artificial intelligence technology, and we provide a comprehensive review of the field of low-light image enhancement in terms of network structure, training data, and evaluation metrics. In this paper, we systematically introduce low-light image enhancement based on deep learning in four aspects. First, we introduce the related methods of low-light image enhancement based on deep learning. We then describe the low-light image quality evaluation methods, organize the low-light image dataset, and finally compare and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the related methods and give an outlook on the future development direction.
Modelling the Distribution of Three Invasive Freshwater Turtles in Mainland Guadeloupe: Analysis of Their Presence, Abundance and Co-Occurrence
Authors: Paul Jeffey Mackenzy , Cézilly Frank , Bezault Etienne , Cambrone Christopher
Published: September 2023

The presence of invasive alien species in Caribbean islands is symptomatic of deleterious human impacts on ecosystems. In Guadeloupe, three invasive freshwater turtles (Pelusios castaneus, Trachemys stejnegeri and T. scripta) have been introduced, from colonial times up to the 20th century. However, little information exists on their current distribution and relative abundance. We surveyed 62 undrained sites in Guadeloupe to identify the presence and relative abundance of exotic freshwater turtles from visual observations. We then relied on statistical models to identify factors affecting spatial variation in turtle occupancy (presence/absence) rate and abundance. We found significant positive spatial co-occurrence between the two Trachemys species, suggesting that they tend to select similar habitats and to be active at the same time. In contrast, the spatial distribution of the two Trachemys species appeared to be independent of that of P. castaneus. Model selection indicated that the degree of anthropization around survey sites had contrasting effects on both the presence and abundance of turtles, being positive for Trachemys species and negative for P. castaneus. A comparison with previous reports indicated that Trachemys species have extended their spatial distribution in Guadeloupe and may have become more abundant than P. castaneus. We discuss the relevance of our results to the understanding of the invasion dynamics of exotic turtles and make recommendations for future research.
Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Seismic Performance of Railway Gravity Piers with Low Reinforcement Ratios
Authors: Lu Xingji , Lu Jinhua
Published: September 2023

Gravity pier is a widely employed pier type in railway bridges worldwide. It is characterized by a solid cross-section with a low longitudinal reinforcement ratio which can be even lower than 0.5%. These low-reinforced gravity piers have been found to be vulnerable under major earthquakes, but their seismic performance has not been fully understood. Improving the seismic safety of these piers and reducing the consumption of reinforcing steels coincide with multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 6, 7, and 9). In this concern, three main objectives are achieved in the present research. Firstly, quasi-static tests were conducted on two gravity piers with low longitudinal reinforcement ratios: 0.3% and 0.4%. The tests found the reinforcement ratio significantly affected the failure mode and seismic capacity. A typical brittle failure was observed in the specimen with the 0.3% reinforcement ratio. Fracture of longitudinal reinforcing steels was heard, and only a few cracks formed within a narrow region at the pier bottom, whereas the structural behavior of the specimen with a 0.4% reinforcement ratio was ductile, and cracks were located within a wider region (800 mm) at the pier bottom. Increasing the reinforcement ratio significantly increased the energy dissipation capacity and the displacement ductility. Secondly, finite element models of two specimens built using ANSYS were validated with test results, and then a series of finite element models were built to further investigate the influences of three important parameters on the seismic capacity. The three parameters are shear span to depth ratio, axial compression ratio, and longitudinal reinforcement ratio. The validations found that the load–displacement hysteretic curves and the distributions of concrete plastic strain from finite element analyses matched well with those from tests. Further finite element analyses found that the shear span to depth ratio was inversely correlated with the peak lateral load, but positively correlated with the displacement ductility. Conversely, increasing the axial compression ratio increased the peak lateral load but decreased the displacement ductility. Thirdly, an analytical equation was proposed to predict the displacement ductility of low-reinforced gravity piers, and the predicted ductilities agreed well with those obtained from finite element analyses. The findings provide a better understanding of the seismic performance of low-reinforced gravity piers, which helps extend the application of these piers. Furthermore, the proposed analytical equation assists in the evaluation and design of these piers.
Managing Inter-University Digital Collaboration from a Bottom-Up Approach: Lessons from Organizational, Pedagogical, and Technological Dimensions
Authors: Pina Stranger Alvaro , Varas German , Mobuchon Gaëlle
Published: September 2023

Driven by education policies, digitally enhanced partnerships between higher education institutions (HEIs) have become increasingly important in the pursuit of sustainability in European education. This article emphasizes the necessity of evidence-based policy implementation to prevent tensions between the decision-making layer (the upper level) and the institutional layer adopting the new norms (the bottom level) in the context of digital inter-university collaboration. To address this need, we conducted a comprehensive three-year (2020–2022) research project within the framework of Erasmus+. Our consortium comprises seven renowned European universities. The project’s primary objective was to investigate how digitalization impacts HEI cooperation and joint learning activities both at the intra- and inter-institutional levels. We conducted experiments that accounted for specific challenges or lessons emerging from three perspectives: organization, pedagogy, and technology. In the organizational domain, we identified challenges related to HEI alliance aspects, such as trust, teacher incentives, legal frameworks, operational requirements, external policies, and mobility needs; and information flow, specifically in terms of disseminating local projects, and clarifying local institutional jargon. The pedagogical perspective revealed challenges in pedagogical support, especially in developing teachers’ digital skills; learning assessment, involving agreement among teachers and externals participants; and course design, including a wide variety of aspects, such as course flexibility, different calendars, async/sync balance, mandatory and optional regimes, content creation, and learning validation. Lastly, in the technology dimension, we found challenges related to the relevance of software choices, and centralized digital structures. This research aims to highlight the importance of evidence-based data in shaping education policies. By drawing on real-world experiences from a consortium of universities, we shed light on the intricate dynamics of digital inter-university collaboration.
Effective Modified Fractional Reduced Differential Transform Method for Solving Multi-Term Time-Fractional Wave-Diffusion Equations
Authors: Al-rabtah Adel , Abuasad Salah
Published: September 2023

In this work, we suggest a new method for solving linear multi-term time-fractional wave-diffusion equations, which is named the modified fractional reduced differential transform method (m-FRDTM). The importance of this technique is that it suggests a solution for a multi-term time-fractional equation. Very few techniques have been proposed to solve this type of equation, as will be shown in this paper. To show the effectiveness and efficiency of this proposed method, we introduce two different applications in two-term fractional differential equations. The three-dimensional and two-dimensional plots for different values of the fractional derivative are depicted to compare our results with the exact solutions.
The DACH1 Gene Transcriptional Activation and Protein Degradation Mediated by Transactivator Tas of Prototype Foamy Virus
Authors: Ma Yongping , Wei Jie , Song Jing , Hu Zhongxiang , Zhang Ruifen , Li Zhi , Sun Yan
Published: September 2023

Foamy viruses are members of the Retroviridae family’s Spumaretrovirinae subfamily. They induce cell vacuolation and exhibit a foamy pathogenic impact after infecting cells. DACH1 (dachshund family transcription factor 1) is a crucial cytokine linked to tumor development, and is associated with the growth of many different malignant tumor cells. Additionally, DACH1 suppresses pancreatic cell proliferation and is involved in diabetes insulin signaling. Prototype foamy viruses (PFVs) were used for the investigation of the regulatory mechanism of FVs on cellular DACH1 expression. The results show that DACH1 expression in PFV-infected cells was inconsistent at both the transcriptional and protein levels. At the transcriptional level, DACH1 was significantly activated by PFV transactivator Tas, and dual-luciferase reporter gene tests, EMSA, and ChIP assays found a Tas response element of 21 nucleotides in the DACH1 promoter. PFV and Tas did not boost the levels of DACH1 protein in a manner consistent with the high levels of DACH1 transcription expression. It was noted that Tas increased the expression of the Ser/Thr protein phosphatase PPM1E, causing PPM1E-mediated post-translational SUMOylation alterations of DACH1 to prompt DACH1 to degrade. The reason for DACH1 protein degradation is that DACH1 inhibits PFV replication. To sum up, these findings show that PFV upregulated the transcription of DACH1, while urging its protein into PPM1E-mediated SUMOylation, to eliminate the adverse effect of DACH1 overexpression of host cells on viral replication and promote virus survival.
Development Trends in Vehicle Propulsion Sources—A Short Review
Authors: Szpica Dariusz , Ashok Bragadeshwaran , Köten Hasan
Published: September 2023

Today’s vehicle powertrains, especially in cars and vans, have to meet increasingly stringent type approval standards [...]
An Innovative Approach to Cleaning Up Organic and Inorganic Contaminations from Soil and Water
Authors: Mandzhieva Saglara , Mazarji Mahmoud , Rajput Vishnu D. , Prasad Ram
Published: September 2023

Changes in cultivation practices, rapidly increasing anthropogenic activities, and huge industrial waste generation severely affect soil and water ecosystems [...]
Water Abundance Evaluation of Aquifer Using GA-SVR-BP: A Case Study in the Hongliulin Coal Mine, China
Authors: Wang Qiqing , Han Yanbo , Zhao Liguo , Li Wenping
Published: September 2023

At present, coal accounts for more than 56% of China’s primary energy consumption and will continue to dominate for a long time in the future. With the continuous expansion of the mining intensity and scale of Jurassic coal resources in Northwestern China, the problem of mine roof water disasters is becoming increasingly serious. The degree of harm is related to the hydrogeological structure of the overlying strata of the coal seam. Reasonable and effective prediction and evaluation of the water abundance of the coal seam roof aquifer is conducive to making scientific decisions on the prevention and control of roof water disasters, so as to achieve safe mining. In order to solve the problem of water abundance evaluation in mining areas lacking hydrological holes, taking the Hongliulin coal mine in Shennan mining area as an example, four main control factors for water abundance were selected: sandstone thickness, core recovery ratio, brittle rock thickness ratio, and flushing fluid consumption. Combined with unit water inflow and multiple factor comprehensive analysis, a back propagation (BP) artificial neural network and support vector machine regression (SVR) were introduced into water abundance evaluation. The reciprocal variance method was used to predict the measured unit water inflow. Finally, according to the “Detailed Rules for Coal Mine Water Prevention and Control”, the water abundance of aquifers was classified to verify the accuracy of the model and partition the water abundance of the study area. The results indicate that, based on the predicted results of unit water inflow, out of 37 borehole data, 22 weak water abundance holes and 15 medium water abundance holes were evaluated correctly, verifying their applicability. The study area was generally weak in water abundance, with two grades of medium and weak. The medium water abundance area was mainly located in the north and south of the study area, and the weak water abundance area was mainly located in the east and west. It can be seen that this evaluation model has certain applicability for evaluating the water abundance of coal seam roofs. It is of great significance, especially for the evaluation of water abundance in mining areas where hydrological holes are lacking.
Experience in using NFC tags and QR codes for home oral care recommendations
Authors: Anisov N. V. , Abolmasov N. N. , Pashinskaya N. B. , Anisov V. N. , Nikonorenkova N. А.
Published: September 2023

Relevance. The wide range of home oral care products on the dental market requires professional attention and expertise. The method and tools are necessary to create efficient patient recommendations, providing for modern digital reality.

Purpose. To study the patient loyalty to receiving oral care recommendations and reveal common points of interest between dentists and patients of different age groups to optimize information delivery using NFC tags and QR codes.

Material and Methods. Using the questionnaire developed by the authors, the study surveyed 106 subjects in two age groups to obtain data on patient awareness of oral hygiene. We found out patients’ preferences for receiving oral care recommendations and their loyalty to the modern technology of getting information.

Results. The study revealed opposite views of different age groups in some questions, but the subjects unanimously spoke in favour of the pro-active position of a dentist regarding home oral care product choice.

Conclusion. Both age groups agreed on the need to hear specific professional recommendations on oral care product purchase, up to the names of stores, which explains the need to organize and optimize the advisory activity of dental clinics. We offered our method of recommendation delivery using modern technology.
Українське екранне мистецтво початку ХХІ століття в процесі національної ідентифікації
Authors: Журавльова Тетяна
Published: September 2023

У статті акцентовано увагу на процесах, які визначали поступ української екранної культури впродовж перших двох десятиліть ХХІ століття. Виокремлено чинники, які позитивно впливали на формування національної ідентичності українського екрана. Зазначено, що однією з причин, яка гальмувала розвиток національного кіно- та телевиробництва (зокрема ігрових фільмів і телесеріалів), була залежність виробників екранного продукту України від потреб ринку рф.
Особливості підготовки продюсерів аудіовізуального мистецтва та виробництва: світовий досвід для України
Authors: Сушко Павло
Published: September 2023

У статті проаналізовано світовий досвід підготовки продюсерів аудіовізуального мистецтва та виробництва, а також визначено перспективи його впровадження в Україні. Визначено основні етапи навчання (спільні для найпоширеніших моделей професійної підготовки), якими є теоретичне навчання, практичні вправи, робота у команді, менторство та стажування. Доведено, що оптимальна модель підготовки продюсерів повинна мати практикоорієнтовану структуру, що забезпечує активну участь студентів у практичних проєктах та вирішенні реальних завдань відповідно до професійних стандартів.
Цирк як форпост національного спротиву. Авторський режисерський погляд
Authors: Погребняк Галина
Published: September 2023

Окреслено місце циркознавчих студій у системі сучасного гуманітарного знання. Проаналізовано сучасний стан циркознавства та виявлено його ключові проблеми. Визначено дотичність циркового та аудіовізуального мистецтва, окреслено фактори взаємовпливу. Здійснено спробу розширити межі циркознавства в контексті кінознавчих розвідок. Показано вплив суспільно-політичних процесів на розвиток циркового й аудіовізуального мистецтва. З’ясовано роль екранних засобів у презентації циркового мистецтва, оригінальної творчості його найяскравіших майстрів. Висвітлено значимість екранної режисури в інтерпретації здобутків представників циркової галузі.
Les bases anatomiques du rire
Authors: Migliorino Giuseppe
Published: September 2023

L’auteur expose les données anatomo-cliniques, qui permettent de localiser dans les noyaux gris de la base encéphalique les centres de coordination motrice du rire, ainsi que les motifs qui permettent d’insérer l’étude du rire dans celle de la motilité extra-pyramidale.
Fantaisie, réalité, vérité
Authors: Lagache Daniel
Published: September 2023

A la différence de la «fantaisie consciente», l'existence et la nature de la «fantaisie inconsciente» sont inférées sur la base de l'expérience psychanalytique (I). Construite, à partir du modèle de la fantaisie consciente, une définition provisoire de la fantaisie inconsciente ne peut en retenir tous les éléments, en particulier la modalité de la croyance et du jugement ; par hypothèse, la fantaisie inconsciente peut être définie comme une intention positive ou négative visant un objet-but — c'est-à-dire une valeur positive, négative ou mixte — et qui ne se questionne pas sur l'existence indépendante de son

objet (2). L'investigation psychanalytique ne peut se passer du concept de «fantaisie inconsciente» ; le psychanalyste formule avec des mots «quelque chose» qui existe mais qui n'est pas dit explicitement par le patient et que ce patient ne sait pas ; toute interprétation et toute construction psychanalytiques mettent en cause la fantaisie inconsciente (III). En ce qui concerne sa nature, la fantaisie inconsciente est incluse dans la réactivation du souvenir par le désir ; cette constatation amène à souligner l'aspect économique de «ce stade préliminaire de la formation des rêves et des symptômes » (S. Freud) ; réinvestissement ou revalorisation plus que représentation différenciée, intensive plus qu'extensive, la fantaisie inconsciente se prête aux transpositions du processus primaire (IV). L'hypothèse économique conduit à envisager la «fantaisie originelle» non comme une représentation différenciée mais comme l'intuition d'une valeur, à l'actualisation de laquelle les constances transculturelles de la relation de l'organisme en maturation avec l'entourage humain et matériel fournissent un «cadre à remplir» (V). La généalogie des fantaisies conscientes et des formes fantasmatiques de la pensée et de l'action va de la valeur à la représentation, les formes plus primitives de la fantaisie étayant ses formes plus évoluées (VI). L'extension de la fantaisie donne une grande portée à la parole de Calderon, «La vie est songe» ; le désir cependant vise des objets indépendants de la fantaisie, lesquels peuvent s'offrir ou se refuser ; la réalité apparaît ainsi comme un corrélatif de la fantaisie mais un corrélatif infiltré par la fantaisie ; la vérité est le dépassement du conflit de la fantaisie et de la réalité (VII). Ce rapport dialectique de la fantaisie, de la réalité et de la vérité est illustré par un retour au champ psychanalytique l'examen de la relation entre la règle fondamentale et l'interprétation, et enfin de certains principes de l'action de la cure : décentration, remaniement fantasmatique, sublimation (VIII). La triade fantaisie, réalité, vérité est considérée comme fondement de l'existence humaine, de la science et de la psychanalyse (IX).
L'approche clinique dans le projet d'une systématisation de la personne
Authors: Andrieux Cécile
Published: September 2023

Le problème posé dans cette recherche est celui de la schématisation à adopter pour l’étude des structures cognitives de la personne ou des structures du moi phénoménal, en se fondant sur l’assimilation de ces structures à celles des praticiens psychologues et psychothérapeutes dans leurs représentations des personnes. A partir d'un point de vue anthropologique, nous nous sommes efforcé, pour préparer une analyse de contenu des documents fournis par des praticiens, à formaliser leur approche.

Nous avons recherché les prémisses de cette formalisation dans la théorie générale des systèmes, guidée par les tendances actuelles à représenter la personnalité comme un système organique ou le système du moi. Les éléments d'une analyse structurale et fonctionnelle, basée sur ces notions théoriques, sont perceptibles chez chaque praticien, cependant les relations qui relient ces éléments sont, quand elles existent, en grande partie cachées. Nous avons énoncé quelques propositions devant nous aider dans l’examen de ces éléments et des schèmes de relations. La plupart des cliniciens, comme les personnes-sujets elles-mêmes, possèdent un modèle implicite de la personne. Ce modèle n’est pas à proprement parler fonctionnel ; il sera représenté comme un système formel sémiologique.

Dans cet article, nous avons fourni les premiers éléments de la formalisation des articulations structurales de la personne sur le plan des variables sémiologiques profondes — reliées aux significations organiques fonctionnelles — et sur le plan des variables des perspectives ou des anticipations du moi. En adoptant cette formalisation, nous avons montré comment on peut dégager chez quatre cliniciens de tendances différentes, exerçant dans le cadre de la psychologie du travail et le cadre de la thérapie, des systèmes d'organisation de la personne, nettement caractérisés, tant sur le plan des dimensions fonctionnelles — production et utilisation de schèmes, équilibrations externes, structurations formelles externes, équilibrations internes, transformations dynamiques — que des perspectives du moi : niveaux de conscience de soi, références normatives, projets.

Les schèmes implicites d’organisation de la personnalité ont été représentés à l’aide de graphes ; en mettant l’accent d’abord sur la structure d’ensemble et les points centraux, puis sur la succession des chemins et des circuits dans l'utilisation du modèle propre à chaque praticien.

Pour conclure, nous avons insisté sur le caractère formel et sur l'aspect structural et non dynamique des systèmes mis à jour et sur la nécessité de poursuivre ce travail sur le plan des structures fines ; là seulement pourront être dégagés des éléments maniables et valides pour une étude dynamique de la personne et du comportement.
Brève étude sur cinquante années de pratique de guidance de l'enfant (1909-1959)
Authors: Rosenzweig Saül
Published: September 2023

A l’occasion du futur cinquantenaire du mouvement pour la guidance de l'enfant, une étude sur les pratiques de guidance, avec référence particulière à l'influence de la psychanalyse, a été effectuée. On choisit un échantillon de 175 dispensaires sur lequel on obtint 97 % de réponses. Les résultats ont trait à la fréquence et à la durée du traitement de l'enfant, aux tâches confiées aux thérapeutes, au traitement des parents, à l'utilisation de la psychothérapie par le jeu, de l’analyse de l’enfant et des méthodes projectives. Ainsi qu'on pouvait le constater en 1957, l'orientation de 60 % des dispensaires était freudienne, cependant on pouvait constater dans une certaine mesure l'existence d’autres conceptions dans 40% des cas.
Note terminologique sur l'emploi de quelques expressions concernant les activités et processus cognitifs en psychologie sociale
Authors: Codol Jean-Paul
Published: September 2023

La description et l'étude des activités et des processus cognitifs prennent une place de plus en plus importante dans tous les secteurs de la psychologie sociale contemporaine. Malheureusement, les théories particulières qui se sont constituées dans ce domaine utilisent des constructions terminologiques parfois si diverses qu'il n'est pas rare, par exemple, qu’une même réalité soit désignée par plusieurs expressions différentes.

Le but de cette note terminologique est de proposer, très sommairement, à partir de l’usage courant fait de certaines expressions dans ce qu’il est convenu d'appeler les «théories cognitives », traditionnellement considérées comme relevant de la psychologie sociale (équilibre structural, principe de la congruence, théorie de la dissonance cognitive, formation des impressions, théorie implicite de la personnalité, etc.), un système simple et clair pour unifier le vocabulaire.

Il ne s'agit en aucune façon (le cadre de cette note ne le permettrait pas) de discuter ces théories dans leur contenu et leurs implications. Il s'agit simplement de présenter quelques-unes des expressions fondamentales qu'elles utilisent et les relations que ces expressions entretiennent entre elles. Cette présentation est faite autour de quelques notions-clés (élément cognitif, univers cognitif, structure cognitive, représentation, etc.) dont on pense qu'elles peuvent permettre de préciser davantage le vocabulaire.
La reproduction du dessin du cube chez le jeune enfant
Authors: Lurçat Liliane
Published: September 2023

La reproduction de deux dessins de cubes, l’un à trois faces juxtaposées, l’autre à six faces superposées, par des élèves d'une école maternelle, permet de dégager certaines étapes génétiques précédant la perspective. Les réalisations les plus élémentaires se réduisent à un simple quadrilatère. La complication se fait par juxtaposition ou superposition de polygones orthogonaux. L'apparition de l'oblique introduit d'abord un élément de confusion en multipliant les directions, c'est la contamination des directions. Un progrès intervient quand l'enfant commence à dessiner 2 traits obliques parallèles entre eux, il parvient à reproduire l'un des parallélogrammes de la figure. Dès lors les directions obliques et orthogonales sont combinées et permettent la reproduction partielle du modèle.
Etude de morphogenèse graphique. 1. L'origine des directions obliques dans l'espace graphique. 2. La genèse des tracés circulaires et des sens dominants
Authors: Lurçat Liliane
Published: September 2023

Les premiers tracés rectilignes — verticaux, horizontaux et obliques — dans l'espace graphique ont pour origine les mouvement du bras au niveau de l'épaule, qui se répartissent selon deux axes : l’axe vertical et Taxe horizontal. Les obliques sont engendrées par ces axes, qui se partagent un champ de répartition symétrique pour les deux bras. La coordination des mouvements selon ces deux axes permet la réalisation des tracés circulaires. Dans la genèse, un seul axe intervient d’abord, donnant le balayage vertical ou horizontal, puis des tracés en forme de fuseaux. Différentes courbes ponctuent les étapes de la coordination des deux axes, courbes arrondies à une extrémité, courbes arrondies aux deux extrémités, ellipses, puis cercles. C’est à l’endroit où disparaît le premier point de rebroussement que se détermine le sens dominant de courbure des tracés.
La reproduction du dessin du cube à l'école primaire
Authors: Lurçat Liliane
Published: September 2023

La reproduction de deux dessins de cubes, l’un dit «opaque» à trois faces visibles, l'autre dit «transparent» à six faces visibles, subit une évolution au cours de la scolarité primaire. Entre la 11e et la 9e, les formes archaïques disparaissent en même temps que se généralise la possibilité graphique de reproduire le parallélisme des obliques. En 8e et en 7e, la reproduction correcte du modèle s’installe, suivant différents procédés. Trois étapes sont franchies qui permettront à l’enfant d'apprendre les techniques de la perspective : 1° l'identification du volume dans sa figuration graphique, en 10e ; 2° la reproduction du parallélogramme, en 9° ; 3° l'identification d'une structure dans le modèle proposé permettant une reproduction aisée, en 7°
Vieillissement et accès au lexique : étude dans une tâche de décision lexicale
Authors: Mathey Stéphanie , Postal Virginie
Published: September 2023

L’objet de la présente recherche est d’étudier dans quelle mesure le vieillissement influence la reconnaissance visuelle des mots. Quarante-huit adultes jeunes (âge moyen = 19,6 ans) et 40 adultes âgés (âge moyen = 66,8 ans) ont participé à une tâche de décision lexicale où la fréquence des mots et le voisinage orthographique des pseudomots étaient manipulés. Les résultats répliquent l’effet facilitateur de la fréquence des mots et l’effet inhibiteur du voisinage des pseudomots rapportés dans la littérature. De plus, une modification de l’effet de fréquence est observée avec le vieillissement, tandis que l’effet du voisinage des pseudomots ne varie pas. Ces données sont interprétées par le processus d’activation et d’inhibition mis en oeuvre lors de l’accès au lexique
Psychologie de liaison et relaxation thérapeutique en chirurgie cardiaque
Authors: Clément-Hryniewicz Nathalie , Consoli Silla M. , Berebi Alain , Meimoun Patrick
Published: September 2023

La pratique de la relaxation en chirurgie cardiaque représente une expérience originale de psychologie de liaison à l’hôpital général, de par la brièveté du nombre de séances dans un tel contexte et la rareté de son utilisation de nos jours.

C’est en suivant pas à pas le déroulement de ses rencontres avec M. E., âgé de 51 ans et hospitalisé en suite d’un double pontage, que l’auteur se propose de mettre en relief les spécificités de la relaxation en chirurgie cardiaque et d’ouvrir une réflexion théorique autour de l’effet restructurant que peut avoir dans un tel contexte cette technique thérapeutique. Cela n’est cependant possible que si le thérapeute ne s’enferme pas dans une attitude trop intellectuelle et parvient, dans une certaine mesure, à établir ou rétablir des liens entre le patient et l’équipe, entre l’avant et l’après opération, sans être obnubilé par le temps compté.
Histoire de la psychologie et histoires de psychologues
Authors: Etienne Bruno
Published: September 2023

À partir d’autobiographies de psychologues publiées dans Psychologues de langue française (Parrot, Richelle, 1993), on s’interroge sur la pertinence du rapport entre parcours individuels de chercheurs et l’histoire de la psychologie. Si toute discipline a besoin de Pères fondateurs et de récits des origines, il faut se demander si le recueil d’autobiographies relève de l’hagiographie ou de la collecte de données historiques. On s’efforce de montrer que l’entreprise assure un double rôle : elle contribue à fonder la psychologie sur des figures emblématiques de la discipline, mais elle fournit simultanément des éléments de contestation du mythe fondateur d’une psychologie unitaire.
Henri Wallon (1879-1962) au Collège de France
Authors: Nicolas Serge
Published: September 2023

Henri Wallon fut élu à la chaire de psychologie expérimentale au Collège de France en 1937. Cet article relate les conditions de cette élection soutenue par Henri Pieron et reproduit en annexe les résumés des cours professés par lui de 1937 à 1941 puis de 1944 à 1949.
Intimité : entre fusion et distance
Authors: Geuzaine Caroline
Published: September 2023

À partir d’un échantillon de 190 sujets, cette recherche tente de faire le lien entre individuation et intimité à la post-adolescence. Tout d’abord, sur le plan de la statistique, l’auteur a croisé le score obtenu à une échelle d’autonomie (Psychological separation inventory de Hoffman) et celui obtenu à une échelle d’intimité (Personal assessment of intimacy in relationships de Schaefer et Olson). Il a pu créer une typologie et isoler 3 types de fonctionnement distincts parmi les 190 sujets. L’auteur a ensuite rencontré 3 jeunes (un par catégorie isolée) et, par une procédure clinique, a tenté de voir la manière dont chacun a élaboré la dialectique séparation-lien au sein de son système familial. Les niveaux conscients et inconscients ont livré des éléments complémentaires qu’une méthodologie univoque n’aurait pu révéler : l’histoire du jeune et celle de sa famille s’entrecroisent pour formater ses capacités d’individuation et d’intimité.