bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of yoga on sleep quality in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Weili , Chen Kuang-Huei , Pan Ying-Chieh , Yang Szu-Nian , Chan Yuan-Yu
Published: August 2019

Objectives

To examine the effectiveness and safety of yoga for women with sleep problems by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

Medline/PubMed, Clincalkey, ScienceDirect, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched throughout the month of June 2019. Randomized controlled trials comparing yoga groups with control groups in women with sleep problems were included. Two reviewers independently evaluated risk of bias by using the risk of bias tool suggested by the Cochrane Collaboration for programming and conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The main outcome measure was sleep quality, which was measured using subjective instruments, such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), or objective instruments, such as polysomnography, actigraphy, and safety of the intervention. For each outcome, standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined.

Results

Nineteen studies including 1832 participants were included in this systematic review. Meta-analyses revealed positive effects of yoga using PSQI or ISI scores in 16 randomized control trials (RCTs) compared with the control group in improving sleep quality in women, PSQI (SMD = −0.42; 95% CI = −0.76 to −0.09 ; P = 0.01). However, three RCTs revealed no effects of yoga compared with the control group in improving sleep quality in women using ISI (SMD = −0.13; 95% CI = −0.74 to 0.48; P = 0.69). Seven RCTs revealed no evidence for effects of yoga compared with the control group in improving sleep quality for women with breast cancer using PSQI (SMD = −0.15 ; 95% CI = −0.31 to 0.01; P = 0.5). Four RCTs revealed no evidence for the effects of yoga compared with the control group in improving the sleep quality for peri-or postmenopausal women using PSQI (SMD = −0.31; 95% CI = −0.95 to 0.33; P = 0.34).Yoga was not associated with serious adverse events.

Discussion

This systematic review and meta-analysis found that yoga intervention in various groups of women was beneficial in managing sleep problems. Despite certain disadvantages in methodology in the included studies, yoga may be recommended as an additional therapy to women in addition to pharmacological treatment.
Service user and family participation in mental health policy making in Timor-Leste: a qualitative study with multiple stakeholders
Authors: Hall Teresa , Kakuma Ritsuko , Palmer Lisa , Minas Harry , Martins João , Armstrong Greg
Published: August 2019

Introduction
Participation in mental health system strengthening by people with mental health problems and their families is a cornerstone of people-centred mental health care, yet there is a dearth of research about participation from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly from the Asia Pacific region. Hence, this study aimed to assess the current situation, challenges, enabling factors and future actions for service user and family participation in mental health policy making in Timor-Leste.
Methods
In-depth interviews were conducted with 85 adults (≥18 years) who were: (1) mental health service users (n = 20) and their families (n = 10); (2) government decision makers (n = 10); (3) mental health and social service providers (n = 23); (4) civil society (n = 9); and (5) other groups (n = 13). Interview data was analysed using framework analysis.
Results
There was limited service user, family and community participation in mental health policy making in Timor-Leste. Perceptions that policy making is a technical exercise and that people with mental health problems lack cognitive capacity, and a lack of supportive mechanisms challenged participation. Enabling factors were a strong focus on human rights within the social sector, and existing mechanisms for advocacy and representation of people with disabilities in social policy making. Participants suggested bolstering civil society representation of people with mental health problems, and increasing mental health awareness and literacy, including government competencies to facilitate service user participation.
Conclusion
The findings highlight the need for theoretical and practical focus on the role of family within mental health system development in LMICs. Global mental health research and practice should adopt a critical approach to mental health service user and family participation to ensure that the concept and strategies to achieve this are embedded in LMIC knowledge.
A partial mediation effect of father-child attachment and self-esteem between parental marital conflict and subsequent features of internet gaming disorder in children: a 12-month follow-up study
Authors: Jeong Hyunsuk , Yim Hyeon Woo , Lee Seung-Yup , Lee Hae Koo , Potenza Marc N , Jo Sun-jin , Son Hye Jung
Published: August 2019

Objectives
This study evaluated whether parent-child attachment and self-esteem may mediate a relationship between parental marital conflict and increases in features of internet gaming disorder (IGD) in children at one year.
Method
Baseline and one-year follow-up data for 268 children from the iCURE study were collected. The students were “non-cases of high risk of IGD” in the initial self-reported assessment, anyone living with both parents, current game users at baseline, and those who completed a 12-month follow-up assessment. The Internet Game Use-Elicited Symptom Screen (IGUESS) was used to identify increases in IGD features at 12 months. To examine a potential mediation effect, structural equation modeling was performed.
Results
The direct effect was statistically significant, and parental marital conflict at baseline significantly predicted increases in IGD features in children at the 12-month follow-up after adjusting for gender, sex, socioeconomic status, and baseline IGUESS score (ß=0.206, P=0.003). The indirect effect showed that attachment to fathers through self-esteem was a significant mediating effect (ß=0.078, P=0.045). However, attachment to mothers through self-esteem was not a statistically significant mediating effect. The effect of parental conflict on increases in IGD features in children was partially mediated by father-child attachment through self-esteem.
Conclusion
Parental marital conflicts is associated with increases in IGD features in children through poor father-child attachment, and in turn, lower levels of self-esteem in the children. Parents, especially fathers, should make an effort to bond with their children to reduce the risk their children will develop IGD features.

Keywords: Internet gaming disorder; children; mediation; self-esteem; attachment
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of South Asian immigrants in developed countries regarding oral cancer: An integrative review
Authors: Saraswat Nidhi , Pillay Rona , Everett Bronwyn , George Ajesh
Published: August 2019

Background

Oral cancer is a growing problem worldwide, with high incidence rates in South Asian countries. With increasing numbers of South Asian immigrants in developed countries, a possible rise in oral cancer cases is expected given the high prevalence in their source countries and the continued oral cancer risk behaviours of immigrants. The aim of this review is to synthesise existing evidence regarding knowledge, attitudes and practices of South Asian immigrants in developed countries regarding oral cancer.

Methods

Four electronic databases were systematically searched to identify original, English language articles focussing on oral cancer risk knowledge, attitudes and practices of South Asian immigrants in developed countries. All studies that met the following inclusion criteria were included: conducted among South Asian immigrants in developed countries; explored at least one study outcome (knowledge or attitudes or practices); used either qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods. No restrictions were placed on the publication date, quality and setting of the study.

Results

A total of 14 studies involving 4224 participants were reviewed. These studies were mainly conducted in the USA, UK, Italy and New Zealand between 1994-2018. Findings were categorised into themes of oral cancer knowledge, attitudes and practices. General lack of oral cancer knowledge (50%-76%) among participants was reported. More than 50% people were found engaging in one or more oral cancer risk practices like smoking, betel quid/pan/guthka chewing. Some of the participants perceived betel quid/pan/guthka chewing habit good for their health (12%-43.6%).

Conclusion

This review has shown that oral cancer risk practices are prevalent among South Asian immigrants who possess limited knowledge and unfavourable attitude in this area. Culturally-appropriate targeted interventions and strategies are needed to raise oral cancer awareness among South Asian communities in developed countries.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy-induced decrease of prognostic nutrition index predicts poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Oba Takaaki , Maeno Kazuma , Takekoshi Daiya , Ono Mayu , Ito Tokiko , Kanai Toshiharu , Ito Ken-ichi
Published: August 2019

Background

The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which is an easily calculated nutritional index, is significantly associated with patient outcomes in various solid malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of PNI changes in patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods

We reviewed patients with breast cancer who underwent NAC and a subsequent surgery for breast cancer between 2005 and 2016. PNI before and after NAC were calculated using the following formula: 10 × serum albumin (g/dl) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count/mm3. The relationship between PNI and prognosis was retrospectively analyzed.

Results

In total, 191 patients were evaluated. There was no significant difference in disease-free survival (DFS) between the pre-NAC PNI high group and the pre-NAC PNI low group (cutoff: 53.1). However, PNI decreased in 181 patients (94.7%) after NAC and the mean PNI also significantly decreased after NAC from 52.6 ± 3.8 pre-NAC to 46.5 ± 4.4 post-NAC (p < 0.01) . The mean ΔPNI, which was calculated as pre-NAC PNI minus post-NAC PNI, was 5.4. The high ΔPNI group showed significantly poorer DFS than the low ΔPNI group (cut off: 5.26) (p = 0.015). Moreover, high ΔPNI was an independent risk factor of DFS on multivariate analysis (p = 0.025).

Conclusions

High decrease of PNI during NAC predicts poor prognosis. Thus, maintaining the nutritional status during NAC may result in better treatment outcomes in patients with breast cancer.
Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing in systemic sclerosis provides novel targets to understand disease pathogenesis
Authors: Lu Tianyuan , Klein Kathleen Oros , Colmegna Inés , Lora Maximilien , Greenwood Celia M.T. , Hudson Marie
Published: August 2019

Background
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune connective tissue disease whose pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Increasing evidence suggests that both genetic susceptibilities and changes in DNA methylation influence pivotal biological pathways and thereby contribute to the disease. The role of DNA methylation in SSc has not been fully elucidated, because existing investigations of DNA methylation predominantly focused on nucleotide CpGs within restricted genic regions, and were performed on samples containing mixed cell types.

Methods
We performed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing on purified CD4+ T lymphocytes from nine SSc patients and nine controls in a pilot study, and then profiled genome-wide cytosine methylation as well as genetic variations. We adopted robust statistical methods to identify differentially methylated genomic regions (DMRs). We then examined pathway enrichment associated with genes located in these DMRs. We also tested whether changes in CpG methylation were associated with adjacent genetic variation.

Results
We profiled DNA methylation at more than three million CpG dinucleotides genome-wide. We identified 599 DMRs associated with 340 genes, among which 54 genes exhibited further associations with adjacent genetic variation. We also found these genes were associated with pathways and functions that are known to be abnormal in SSc, including Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway, skin lesion formation and progression, and angiogenesis.

Conclusion
The CD4+ T cell DNA cytosine methylation landscape in SSc involves crucial genes in disease pathogenesis. Some of the methylation patterns are also associated with genetic variation. These findings provide essential foundations for future studies of epigenetic regulation and genome-epigenome interaction in SSc.
Antimicrobial activities and in vitro properties of cold-adapted Lactobacillus strains isolated from the intestinal tract of cold water fishes of high latitude water areas in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Wei Xiaojing , Zhang Yan , Zhou Hong , Tian Fengwei , Ni Yongqing
Published: August 2019

Background

There are still a large variety of microorganisms among aquatic animals, especially probiotic lactic acid bacteria in cold water fishes at high latitudes have not been fully developed. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the probiotic potential of cold-adapted Lactobacillus strains isolated from the intestinal tract of cold water fishes (Xinjiang) and select candidates to be used as new food preservative agents and/or probiotic additives in feeding of aquaculture.

Results

A total of 43 Lactobacillus spp. were isolated from 16 kinds of intestinal tract of cold-water fishes. They were characterized by phenotypic methods, identified using rep-PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing as four species: Lactobacillus sakei (22 isolates), Lactobacillus plantarum (16 isolates), Lactobacillus casei (4 isolates) and Lactobacillus paracasei (1 isolate). The in vitro tests included survival in low pH and bile, antimicrobial activity (against Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, and Listeria innocua), resistance to 15 antibiotics and hemolytic tests. Among all 43 lactobacilli iaolates, the 22 isolates showed a wide range of antimicrobial activity against 6 different pathogenic strains. There were twenty isolates growing at a optimal temperature ranging 16~20°C, which were initially considered to be cold-adapted strains. Two (2) Lb. sakei strains and 2 Lb. plantarum strains demonstrated the highest survivability after 4 h of exposure at pH 2.0. Most of the tested strains cannot be cultrued after exposed into 0.5% bile solution for 4 h, while 2 Lb. plantarum strains (E-HLM-3, CQ-CGC-2) and 1 Lb. sakei strain M-DGM-2 survived even at 2% bile concentration. In addition, the safety assessment showed that 22 strains without any detectable hemolytic activity and resistant to glycopeptides (vancomycin, teicoplanin), levofloxacin, aztreonam, amikacin and oxacillin, while all the studied lactobacilli showed sensitivity to or semi-tolerant to other antibiotics.

Conclusions

In conclusion, based on all the experiments, 3 strains, including E-HLM-3, CQ-CGC-2, and M-DGM-2 might be a candidate of choice for using in the food preservative agents and/or probiotic additives in feeding of aquaculture.
Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of early and late-chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection shows novel and stage specific transcripts
Authors: Garfoot Andrew , Wilson Gary , Coon Joshua , Knoll Laura
Published: August 2019

Background

The protozoan pathogen Toxoplasma gondii has the unique ability to develop a chronic infection in the brain of its host by transitioning from the fast growing tachyzoite morphology to latent bradyzoite morphology. A hallmark of the bradyzoite is the development of neuronal cysts that are resilient against host immune response and current therapeutics. The bradyzoite parasites within the cyst have a carbohydrate and protein-rich wall and a slow-replication cycle, allowing them to remain hidden from the host. The intracellular, encysted lifestyle of T. gondii has made them recalcitrant to molecular analysis in vivo.

Results

Here, we detail the results from transcriptional and proteomic analyses of bradyzoite-enriched fractions isolated from mouse brains infected with T. gondii over a time course of 21 to 150 days. The enrichment procedure afforded consistent identification over 2,000 parasitic peptides from the mixed-organism sample, representing 366 T. gondii proteins at 28, 90, and 120-day timepoints. Deep sequencing of transcripts expressed during these three timepoints revealed that a subpopulation of proteins is transcriptionally expressed at a high level: approximately one-third are more enriched during bradyzoite conditions compared to tachyzoites and approximately half are expressed at similar levels during each phase. The T. gondii transcript which increased the most over the course of chronic infection, sporoAMA1, shows stage specific isoform expression of the gene.

Conclusions

We have expanded the transcriptional profile of in vivo bradyzoites to 120 days post-infection and provided the first in vivo proteomic profile of T. gondii bradyzoites. The RNA sequencing depth of in vivo bradyzoite T. gondii was over 250-fold greater than previous reports and allowed us to identify low level transcripts and novel bradyzoite-specific isoforms.
Implementing self-management: a mixed-methods study of women’s experiences of a postpartum hypertension intervention
Authors: Cairns Alexandra Elspeth , Tucker Katherine L. , Crawford Carole , McManus Richard J. , Powell John
Published: August 2019

Background Self-management strategies are effective in a number of medical conditions; however, implementation studies have demonstrated that adoption into clinical practice can be problematic. The process of implementation was explored during a pilot randomised controlled trial evaluating postpartum blood pressure self-management, in women with medicated hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Methods A mixed methods study using semi-structured interviews with both a qualitative and a scored (quantitative) component were undertaken as part of a pilot randomised controlled trial in postnatal women with medicated gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia. Women were randomised to usual care or blood pressure self-management. Self-management entailed daily home blood pressure monitoring and automated medication reduction via telemonitoring. Women from both groups consented to participate in audio-recorded interviews, at four weeks and six months postpartum. Interview questions were developed to explore the proposed benefits of self-management and the constructs of Normalisation Process Theory. Participants provided a score (Likert scale 1-5) for each question and were encouraged to expand upon these answers through further discussion. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using the framework approach. Results Sixty-eight women, 34 from each randomised group, completed at least one audio-recorded interview. Several overarching themes emerged from analysis of 126 interview transcripts: control; convenience; confidence, communication and knowledge; concern; constraints; and components of the intervention. In the scored component of the analysis, both groups reported feeling more in control of their condition postpartum compared to during pregnancy, more so in those self-managing at both four weeks and six months: adjusted differences 0.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2 to 1.1) and 0.7 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.2) respectively. Conclusions Interviews and quantitative data showed that self-management enhanced women’s sense of control, and improved their blood pressure-related anxiety. Prior to taking part, a few women anticipated that home monitoring might increase anxiety, but stated that it had the opposite effect. Self-management was perceived as more flexible, reactive and as enabling more targeted down-titration of medication. These data provide considerable support for blood pressure self-management postpartum, and reinforce the effectiveness of the intervention used in this study. Trial registration Prospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on 07/01/2015 (NCT02333240) https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02333240.
High-throughput screening reveals novel mutations in spinal muscular atrophy patients
Authors: Shu Jianbo , Wang Jingrui , Fang Yulian , Xu Zanmei , Wang Xiaowei , Meng Yingtao , Cai Chunquan
Published: August 2019

Background Some spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) cases are caused by either compound heterozygosity with a point mutation in one allele and a deletion in the other or compound heterozygous point mutations in SMN1 or other genes. Methods To explore more genes and mutations in the onset of SMA, 83 whole blood samples were collected from 28 core families of clinically suspected SMA, and multiplex ligation probe amplification (MLPA) was firstly performed with a SALSA MLPA Kit P021 for preliminary diagnosis. Afterwards, the complete gene sequence of SMN1 gene was detected with the high-throughput sequencing platform of Illumina HiSeq-2500 to find more mutations in the 28 core families. Furthermore, 20 SMA patients were selected from the 28 prodands, and 5 non SMA children as controls. The Life Technologies SOLiD™ technology with mate-pair chemistry was utilized to conduct the whole exome high-throughput sequencing. Results MLPA results showed that 22 probands were SMA patients, 3 probands carriers, and 3 probands normal individuals. Moreover, 2 parents from 2 SMA families were with 3 SMN1 exon7 copies. 6 SMN1 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were identified in the 83 samples, and c.[84C>T], c.[271C>T], c.[-39A>G] and g.[70240639G>C] were novel. Compared with control group, 9102 mutation were selected out in SMA patients. SPTA1 mutation c.[-41_-40insCTCT], FUT5 SNV c.[1001A>G], and MCCC2 SNV c.[-117A>G] were the 3 most frequent mutations in SMA group (95%, 85% and 75%, respectively). Conclusions We identified some mutations in both SMN1 and other genes, and c.[271C>T], c.[-41_-40insCTCT], c.[1001A>G] and c.[-117A>G] might be associated with the onset of SMA.
Evaluation of small ncRNAs as a possible epigenetic mechanism mediating the transition from biotrophy to necrotrophy in the life cycle of Phytophthora infestans
Authors: Gonzalez-Tobon Juliana , Rodriguez-Jaramillo Alejandra , Forero Laura Milena , González Laura Natalia , Danies Giovanna , Restrepo Silvia
Published: August 2019

Background

Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight disease of potato and tomato, is responsible for billions of dollars in losses worldwide each year. This plant pathogen is a hemibiotroph, meaning that in the early stages of infection, it feeds on living host tissue, and later in the infection cycle, it kills the host. Even though the transcription dynamics of this transition are well characterized, information on the role of small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) during this process is still being obtained. Furthermore, a methodological pipeline useful for searching and analyzing small ncRNAs in this pathogen is needed.

Results

Using the proposed pipeline, a set of 146 small ncRNAs were found to be significantly differentially expressed among the analyzed samples. From these, 100 small ncRNAs were successfully annotated to specific genes, some of them encoding effector proteins produced by the pathogen during its life cycle. Other molecular regulatory processes, mainly mediated by enzymes and transporters, were also identified.

Conclusions

The pipeline presented here is an easy-to-use, comprehensive and efficient option for analyzing small ncRNA profiles of P. infestans small RNA-seq data sets. Additionally, the results presented here may further contribute to elucidating the specific molecular and epigenetic mechanisms controlling the life cycle of P. infestans.
Correlation of prostatic morphological parameters and clinical progression in aging Chinese men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Qian Subo , Shen Haibo , Zhang Shun , Gu Jun , Qi Jun , Wu Yu
Published: August 2019

Objectives

Our study aimed to investigate the correlation of prostatic morphological parameters and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) clinical progression in aging Chinese men.

Methods

In this retrospective study, a total of 1038 patients were reviewed. Prostatic morphology was measured by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). Detailed medical history of all candidates were recorded and analysed after being classified by specific prostatic measurements. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the correlation between variables.

Results

The cumulative incidence of BPH clinical progression was 63.68% (661/1038) in study population. Prostate volume (PV), transitional zone volume (TZV), transitional zone index (TZI) and intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) were all positively associated with BPH progression (all p < 0.001). Patients with a PV > 60 mL, TZV > 15 mL, TZI > 0.5 or IPP > 5 mm had a significantly higher possibility of overall BPH clinical progression (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.485, 1.678, 1.886 and 1.924, respectively; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.559-3.960, 1.131-2.489, 1.379-2.579 and 1.357-2.728, correspondingly).

Conclusion

Prostatic morphological parameters are significantly associated with BPH clinical progression. Patients with larger prostatic morphological parameters are more easily to progress. As a result, reasonable management should be timely considered for those patients before clinical progression occurs.
Risk factors for sensation of pain during photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy - a prospective observational study
Authors: Bystrup Louise Kjærgaard , Bek Toke
Published: August 2019

Background

Diabetic retinopathy can be treated by retinal photocoagulation. The treatment may induce discomfort and pain, and due to the individual variation of these adverse effects, it is a challenge to inform patients and to minimise discomfort during treatment.

Methods

The subjective sensation of pain was evaluated on a numeric rating scale from 0 – 10 in 235 successive patients receiving macular photocoagulation (MP) and 174 patients receiving panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). The influence of first/second eye, treatment session, gender, age, diabetic type, diabetic treatment, duration of diabetes, mean arterial pressure (MAP), body mass index (BMI), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), visual acuity, right/left eye, number, spot size and effect of applications on the perceived pain was studied.

Results

The pain score was significantly lower (p<0.001) after the first treatment in the first eye in patients treated with MP 1.67 ±1.8, n=235 (mean ±SD, n) than in patients treated with PRP 2.67 ±2.4, n=174 (mean ±SD, n). Lower mean arterial pressure, higher HbA1c and higher number and effect of the applications contributed significantly to increasing the reported pain during the first treatment in the first eye. For all patients treated in both eyes the reported pain was significantly (p<0.001) higher in the second 2.74 ±2.40, n=269 (mean ±SD, n) than in the first 2.08 ±2.14, n=269 (mean ±SD, n) eye. The pain was significantly higher during the two last than during the first treatment session in patients who received panretinal photocoagulation (p<0.001).

Conclusions

The higher pain during high treatment intensity and treatment in the retinal periphery might prompt a fractioning of treatment in patients with a low pain threshold. The increased pain with increasing HbA1c and decreasing MAP might be used to individualize information about treatment and to prepare health care professionals about the reactions of the patients.
Thirty patients with one-stage hip arthroplasty and multiple drilling decompression for bilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head:outcomes at two-year follow up
Authors: Ding Lu , Gao Yu-Hang , Zhang Shi , Huang Yi-Fan , Liu Jian-Guo , Qi Xin
Published: August 2019

Background: To investigate the postoperative outcome of decompresed hip following contralateral replacement in patients with bilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).
M ethods: This study retrospectively reviewed 30 patients with bilateral ONFH who underwent one-stage total hip arthroplasty (THA) and multiple drilling decompression from February 2014 to February 2016. For all patients, alendronate was prescribed. Postoperative Harris Hip Scores (HHSs), Oxford Hip Scores (OHSs), Self-Administered Patient Satisfaction (SAPS), hip internal and external rotation angles, and the time of one-leg standing were evaluated. All patients were followed up for an average of 30.33 months (ranged from 8 months to 48 months).
Results: Twenty-four patients had no progression or collapse on radiographic evaluation within 2 years postoperatively. The following scores of the decompressed sides were significantly lower than those of the replaced sides: HHSs (mean: 96.5 versus 98.25, P <0.05), SAPS (mean: 96.35 versus 99.48, P <0.001), internal rotation (mean: 27.58° versus 30.50°, P <0.05), and the time of single-leg standing (mean: 24.17 s versus 31.83 s, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in OHSs and external rotation between the sides. The remaining 6 patients underwent two-stage THA on the decompressed sides within 2 years. Four of them underwent THA for severe pain and femoral head collapse. The other 2 patients showed no progression on radiographic evaluation but complained of an uncomfortable feeling in the joint.
Conclusions: One-stage THA and multiple drilling decompression are effective surgical procedures for bilateral ONFH at different stages. However, a few patients with no progression on radiographic evaluation may require two-stage THA on the decompressed sides because of more pain, poorer internal rotation, and weaker gluteal muscle strength when compared with the replaced sides.
Keywords: osteonecrosis of the femoral head, postoperative satisfaction, total hip arthroplasty, multiple drilling decompression
Prevalence And Factors Associated With Hypertriglyceridemic Waist In Colombian Elderly.
Authors: Rincón-Pabón David , Urazán-Hernández Yeraldin , Gómez-Rodas Alejandro , Martinez-Torres Javier
Published: August 2019

Background: The purpose of this study to analyze the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist and associated factors in older individuals aged ≥60 years in Colombia.
Methods: The data for this study came from a secondary cross-sectional, nationally representative SABE study Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in Colombia, 2015. A total of 3824 participants (59.7% male, 69 (IR=64-76) years) from 86 Colombian municipalities participated. The data were collected through a questionnaire, blood tests, blood pressure measurements and anthropometric measurements. The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was diagnosed using high triglyceride values (≥ 150 mg / dl) and increased waist circumference ≥ 88 and ≥ 102 cm for women and men, respectively. A logistic regression analysis was used to compare the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and the associated factors, significance level of 5%. STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies was applied in this paper (see Supplementary File 1).
Results: The hypertriglyceridemic waist was present in 38.7% of the study population, with a higher prevalence among females than males (44.6% vs. 30.0%). Female gender [odds ratio (OR) 1.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-2.2)]; be octogenarian [OR 0.7 (95% CI 0.6-0.9)]; live in an urban area [OR 1.5 (95% CI 1.3-1.8)] and have a lifestyle of former smoker [OR 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9)]. On the other hand, it was observed that having a BMI different from normal is strongly associated with HTGW [Weight: OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.5-2.6), overweight: OR 4.1 (95% CI 3.4 -4.9) and obesity: OR 5.0 (95% CI 4.1-6.1)]. The glycemia, the hemoglobin and the increase in cholesterol also showed positive association with HTGW [OR 0.5 (95% CI 0.5-0.7), OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.8-2.4) and OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.9-2.5), respectively] were associated with increased odds of HTGW.
¬Conclusions: There is a significant prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist in Colombia's elderly and sociodemographic factors, lifestyles and biological markers are associated with the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype. Elderly men showed greater probabilities in terms of age, schooling, geographic area, body mass inde and cholesterol concentrations. Elderly women revealed higher probabilities in biological markers
The risk factor of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section for placenta previa: A retrospective study
Authors: Ishibashi Hiroki , Miyamoto Morikazu , Soyama Hiroaki , Iwahashi Hideki , Kawauchi Haruka , Takasaki Kazuki , Matuura Hiroko , Nakatsuka Masaya , Hada Taira , Takano Masashi
Published: August 2019

Background Placenta previa could induce postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Even cases with less intraoperative hemorrhage during cesarean section had the potential risk to develop PPH. But, there were less report about the predictive factor of PPH associated with placenta previa. The aim of this study was to identify the predictive factor for PPH for women with placenta previa after cesarean section.
Methods Women with placenta previa who underwent cesarean section at our institution between January 2003 and February 2015 were identified. Women that received any hemostatic procedure such as intrauterine balloon tamponade and gauze infiltration during cesarean section were excluded. All women were classified into two groups: Group A or with PPH, defined as over 500 ml of hemorrhage after cesarean section, and Group B or without PPH. A retrospective analysis to identify the predictive factor of PPH was conducted.
Results Out of 128 women, 10 (7.8%) women were included in Group A and 118 (92.2%) women in Group B. There was no statistical significance in maternal history between both groups. The number of women suspected to have placental adhesion was higher in Group A than Group B (p=0.006). Furthermore, the amount of intraoperative hemorrhage in Group A was higher than that in Group B (p=0.025). As treatment for PPH, more women in Group A received allogenic blood transfusion (p=0.003), and uterine artery embolization (p = 0.010). In univariate analysis, placental adhesion suspected by surgeon during cesarean section was the predictive factor for PPH with placenta previa (p=0.046).
Conclusion When placental adhesion is suspected by surgeons during cesarean section, additional hemostatic procedure should be performed for possible PPH.
La internacionalización de la contaminación de océanos por hidrocarburos y sustancias tóxicas
Authors: Vélez Núñez Rubén
Published: August 2019

La contaminación de océanos y litorales mediante el vertimiento de hidrocarburos y sustancias toxicas se constituye como una amenaza al equilibro ambiental mundial. Es por esto que se hace necesario desarrollar un marco conceptual de la situación, para así poder entender cómo a través de la globalización es posible llegar a la internacionalización del problema de la contaminación y buscar así soluciones idóneas. Por otro lado, es importante conocer los instrumentos con los que se cuenta en materia de regulación internacional para contrarrestar los efectos de la contaminación y ver la importancia que ésta representa para los gobiernos del mundo.
Research on vibration characteristics of a multi-barrel artillery
Authors: Wu Yingfeng , Cheng Qingsi , Yang Guolai , Dai Jinsong
Published: August 2019

The vibration of the barrel, induced by the interaction with a high-speed moving projectile, has a considerable influence on the shooting accuracy of a weapon. The finite element model of a multi-barrel was established with the goal to investigate its vibration characteristics in this paper, and the natural frequency and mode shape were analyzed by finite element method. To verify the result of finite element modal analysis (FEMA), a modal testing system basis on SC310W multi-path data-collecting system and hammer hitting method was set up. Results show that the low order vibrations of the multi-barrel artillery were mainly vertical, horizontal and torsional vibration, but the local vibration at high orders. The error of natural frequencies between the results obtained by simulation and test was 8.82 % in the first mode frequency and 1.37 % in the eighth. The FEMA can effectively simulate the actual vibration of the multi-barrel artillery.
Dynamical analysis of wind turbine blades based on harmonic response
Authors: Wang Qiong , Li Xuejun , Wei Kexiang , Jiang Mian
Published: August 2019

As the forces applied on the wind turbine blade are irregular, the deformation and concentrated stress of the blade may vary with the load and excitation. And the lamination of composite materials is critical to blade design, it directly affects the performance and power of wind power plants. In this paper, the response characteristics of the wind turbine blade is analyzed by the application of the harmonic response method under different ply angles. Through the simulation results, the performance of the actual blade is estimated, and the rationality of this design is judged. The results demonstrate that the blade displacement response amplitude is the minimum when ply angle is 45°. It is also found that the maximum displacement response occurs in the Y direction (i.e. parallel to the flow direction) by analyzing the displacement of each section in the blade, while the maximum stress is located at blade root.
Using a Large Margin Context-Aware Convolutional Neural Network to Automatically Extract Disease-Disease Association from Literature: Comparative Analytic Study
Authors: Lai Po-Ting , Lu Wei-Liang , Kuo Ting-Rung , Chung Chia-Ru , Han Jen-Chieh , Tsai Richard Tzong-Han , Horng Jorng-Tzong
Published: August 2019

Background

Research on disease-disease association (DDA), like comorbidity and complication, provides important insights into disease treatment and drug discovery, and a large body of the literature has been published in the field. However, using current search tools, it is not easy for researchers to retrieve information on the latest DDA findings. First, comorbidity and complication keywords pull up large numbers of PubMed studies. Second, disease is not highlighted in search results. Finally, DDA is not identified, as currently no disease-disease association extraction (DDAE) dataset or tools are available.

Objective

As there are no available DDAE datasets or tools, this study aimed to develop (1) a DDAE dataset and (2) a neural network model for extracting DDA from the literature.

Methods

In this study, we formulated DDAE as a supervised machine learning classification problem. To develop the system, we first built a DDAE dataset. We then employed two machine learning models, support vector machine and convolutional neural network, to extract DDA. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of using the output layer as features of the support vector machine-based model. Finally, we implemented large margin context-aware convolutional neural network architecture to integrate context features and convolutional neural networks through the large margin function.

Results

Our DDAE dataset consisted of 521 PubMed abstracts. Experiment results showed that the support vector machine-based approach achieved an F1 measure of 80.32%, which is higher than the convolutional neural network-based approach (73.32%). Using the output layer of convolutional neural network as a feature for the support vector machine does not further improve the performance of support vector machine. However, our large margin context-aware-convolutional neural network achieved the highest F1 measure of 84.18% and demonstrated that combining the hinge loss function of support vector machine with a convolutional neural network into a single neural network architecture outperforms other approaches.

Conclusions

To facilitate the development of text-mining research for DDAE, we developed the first publicly available DDAE dataset consisting of disease mentions, Medical Subject Heading IDs, and relation annotations. We developed different conventional machine learning models and neural network architectures and evaluated their effects on our DDAE dataset. To further improve DDAE performance, we propose an large margin context-aware-convolutional neural network model for DDAE that outperforms other approaches.
Prevalence of web analytics technology on hospital websites in the United States of America (Preprint)
Authors: Robinson Robert
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

Web analytics are used on the majority of all high traffic web sites. These technologies are used to measure and enhance the impact of advertising and to create web visitor profiles of individual internet users. Visitor behavioral data collected by web analytics forms the foundation of the advertising ecosystem that generates revenue for technology companies such as Google and Facebook. The potential impacts of web analytics technology on healthcare are significant. Gaining a better understanding of the prevalence and characteristics of web analytics technology use on hospital websites is an important first step to understand the scope of this challenge.

OBJECTIVE

Determine the prevalence of web analytics use on hospital websites in the United States.

METHODS

An observational study on hospital websites in the United States was conducted obtaining website information for all general and critical access hospitals from the Homeland Infrastructure Foundation-Level Data (HIFLD) compiled by the Department of Homeland Security. These websites were then analyzed with the BuiltWith web technology analysis tool (BuiltWith Pty Ltd, Sidney, Australia, www.builtwith.com) to determine what web analytics products were active on hospital websites. Results were exported to a spreadsheet for data analysis.

RESULTS

Data from 4,829 hospital websites was analyzed. Web analytics technology was found on 78% of all hospital websites, with a range of 0 to 34 analytics products installed on a hospital website. The most common analytics technology installed was Google Universal Analytics, found on 62% of hospital websites.
Comparisons between general acute care and critical access hospitals shows a higher prevalence (81% vs. 66%, p < 0.001) and mean number (4.49 vs. 2.56, p < 0.001) of web analytics products on general acute care hospital websites.
Google is the dominant provider of web analytics for general acute care and critical access hospitals (75% vs. 61%, p < 0.001). Facebook is a distant second place provider with 31% and 13% respectively (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Web analytics technology, predominately in the form of Google services, is extremely common on the websites of public hospitals in the United States. Further research is required to determine how the use of this technology may impact healthcare and the public.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
ETHICAL LEADERSHIP TRANFORMS INTO ETHNIC: EXPLORING NEW LEADER’S STYLE OF INDONESIA
Authors: Karim Abdul , Mardhotillah Nur Fitri , Samadi Muhammad Iqbal
Published: August 2019

Although numerous styles have been utilized to study leadership focusing on task, role, work, managerial, spiritual and ethical, however there is no agreement on the ethnic style. The debate over this issue as related to the study of ethical leadership transforms into ethnic, especially natural roles of Indonesian’s leaders. In this paper two major approaches phenomenology and ethnography are examined to gaining the theory and the latter is presented the natural roles of ethnic leaders. This study proofs that (1) the concept of ethnic leadership is the ability to spread the belief, value, culture, and norm of ancestry. Also, (2) natural roles of ethnic leaders are transcendent, endogen and reflection of roles.
Television and National Identity: An Ethnography of Television Audience in the Border of Indonesia-Malaysia
Authors: Briandana Rizki
Published: August 2019

Television has a strategic position in constructing national identity. As part of the everyday life of the community, television provides a community-driven medium to construct its identity. In relation to the existence of mass media in the community and the issue of forming a national identity, there are unique problems that exist in the Sebatik Island of the Indonesian and Malaysian frontiers. These Indonesian people have no access to the broadcasting media, especially television, from Indonesia. This situation has persisted for several years, so the citizens of Sebatik Island use television broadcasts from Malaysia as their primary source of media communication. This study aims to examine how the people of Sebatik Island construct their national identity through the Malaysian television programs they watch daily. The methodology used in this study is ethnography with data collection techniques through observation and interviews of eight informants in September 2017. The result shows that the “mixed national identity” of Sebatik society is influenced by various factors and one of them is Malaysian television. Malaysian television programs also play a role as a socialization agent, among with other agents such as the presence of the community, the country, the organization, the culture, and the ideology.
The Implementation of Earmarking Tax Policy on Cigarette Tax in West Java Province
Authors: Atsani Maisarah Putriyandri , Murwendah Murwendah
Published: August 2019

In an eﬀort to control cigarette consumption in Indonesia, one of the policies used by the government is the earmarking tax policy on cigarette tax. In fact, the prevalence of smoking in Indonesia continues to increase even though the government has imposed various state levies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of earmarking tax policy on cigarette tax in West Java Province, as one of the regions receiving the largest cigarette tax allocation in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative approach with data collection techniques of literature and in-depth interviews. The results show that the earmarking tax policy on cigarette tax has not been able to reduce the prevalence of smoking since the cigarette tax in the region has not been utilized as per its designation. The function of control of earmarking tax policy on cigarette tax is limited to controlling budgeting aspect; yet, there is no control function related to cigarette tax income to be used according to its purpose (earmarking). Other factors are the cheap price of cigarettes sustained by people’s increasing revenue, massive tobacco advertising, and fervent smoking culture in the community. A partial policy that only relies on state levies is perceived as insuﬃcient to control cigarette consumption, particularly without coordination among stakeholder in central and local governments. In fact, cigarette tax revenue has been budgeted for public health services in West Java Province; nevertheless, its implementation in the field has not been fully utilized for public health services.