bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on Consolidation Characteristics of Concentrated Full Tailings and Research on Pore Water Relief Methods of Piles
Authors: Wang Sha , Mei Guodong , Chu Yifan , Wang Weixiang , Wang Yali , Guo Lijie
Published: April 2024

Surface harmless storage of concentrated full tailings (CFTs) involves the technology of adding a curing agent to the tailings slurry discharged from the thickener to realize the modification of the tailings and centralized storage of the tailings on the surface to realize the harmless treatment of the tailings. High water content of tailings is still the key technical problem that restricts the harmless storage of piles at present. Regarding the above problems, we implemented the consolidation test and numerical simulation of seepage‐stress coupling consolidation of CFT, clarified the consolidation characteristics and parameters of CFT under different curing ages, and conducted a comparative analysis of pore water pressure in the whole cross‐section of piles with different drainage schemes based on the results of the test. In addition, we also clarified the drainage effect of interlayer drainage on reducing the excess pore water pressure of piles and compared the simulation results of the pore water pressure of piles under different permeability coefficients. The results show that as the permeability coefficient of the concentrated tailings material decreases, the pore pressure accumulation inside piles under the same drainage scheme is more serious, and the length of time for consolidation and stabilization becomes longer. Therefore, it is recommended that the excess porous water pressure be relieved by means of increased drainage facilities under a small permeability coefficient.
An Assessment of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertensive Crisis in Patients Who Visited the Emergency Outpatient Department (EOPD) at Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia: A 6-Month Prospective Study
Authors: Abebe Abel Tezera , Kebede Yabets Tesfaye , Mohammed Bekri Delil
Published: April 2024

Background. Over 1 billion people worldwide suffer from the common chronic medical condition of hypertension. A hypertensive crisis occurs when blood pressure exceeds 180/110 mmHg. Depending on whether the target organ is harmed, the situation may be presented as a hypertensive emergency or urgency. Objective. To assess the prevalence and risk factors of patients with hypertensive crises who visited the Emergency Outpatient Department (EOPD) at Adama Hospital Medical College in Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia, between January 01 and August 31, 2021, G.C. Methodology. A cross-sectional, prospective study on the hypertensive crisis was conducted at Adama Hospital Medical College from January 01 to August 31, 2021, G.C. The data were collected using a standardized questionnaire, validated for completeness, and analyzed using SPSS. The findings were tabulated, and conclusions and recommendations were conveyed. Result. Out of 9,082 patients who visited the EOPD during the six-month period, 444 individuals with hypertensive crises were identified, representing a prevalence of 4.9%. Of these, 56.8% were men, resulting in a M : F ratio of 1.31 : 1. Those between the ages of 66 and 75 were the most affected. At presentation, 91.0% of the study participants were known hypertensive patients. Among the known hypertensive patients, the majority (34.9%) were known to have been hypertensive for 5–10 years. Of the known hypertensive patients, 48.6% were found to be adherent. Hypertensive urgency was discovered to be far more common than hypertensive emergencies (63.5% vs. 36.5%). Headache was the most common presenting symptom, and most patients (36.5%) presented to the health setup in less than 24 hours. The main risk variables identified were drug discontinuation, family history of hypertension, salt consumption, and alcohol usage. The main excuse for the lack of adherence was the cost of the medications. More than half of the patients do not have any additional comorbidities, and of those who do, diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent. A stroke was identified as a major complication. Conclusions and Recommendations. Hypertensive crises are one of the most prevalent reasons for EOPD admission and are linked to significant consequences. At presentation, most of the study subjects were known hypertension patients. Diabetes mellitus was discovered to be a comorbid condition in one-quarter of them. Although more than half of the patients had improved, the death rate still remained high. Infrastructure and capacity building to provide hospitals with the requisite baseline investigations are among the government’s recommendations. Health practitioners are expected to make improvements, such as by educating the public about the need for lifestyle changes and evaluating and managing any hypertension problems.
Fitted Tension Spline Scheme for a Singularly Perturbed Parabolic Problem With Time Delay
Authors: Tesfaye Sisay Ketema , Duressa Gemechis File , Dinka Tekle Gemechu , Woldaregay Mesfin Mekuria
Published: April 2024

A fitted tension spline numerical scheme for a singularly perturbed parabolic problem (SPPP) with time delay is proposed. The presence of a small parameter ε as a multiple of the diffusion term leads to the suddenly changing behaviors of the solution in the boundary layer region. This results in a challenging duty to solve the problem analytically. Classical numerical methods cause spurious nonphysical oscillations unless an unacceptable number of mesh points is considered, which requires a large computational cost. To overcome this drawback, a numerical method comprising the backward Euler scheme in the time direction and the fitted spline scheme in the space direction on uniform meshes is proposed. To establish the stability and uniform convergence of the proposed method, an extensive amount of analysis is carried out. Three numerical examples are considered to validate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed scheme. It is proved that the proposed scheme is uniformly convergent of order one in both space and time. Further, the boundary layer behaviors of the solutions are given graphically.
Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Infectious Keratitis
Authors: Pan Xin-Yu , Wang Meng , Xu Yi-Dan , Wang Lin-Nong
Published: April 2024

Purpose. To determine the advantages of next-generation metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) technology in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious keratitis (IK). Methods. A total of 287 patients with IK admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of Nanjing First Hospital between August 2018 and December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively, and the pathogenic causes, etiological characteristics, detection, treatment methods, and efficacy were summarized. Results. Trauma and foreign matter were the most common causes of IK (144 patients, 50.2%). Of the 287 patients, 228 (79.4%) were diagnosed with a specific etiology, including 110 (48.2%) fungal infections, 44 (19.3%) viral infections, 42 (18.4%) mixed infections, and 30 (13.2%) bacterial infections. Filamentous fungi represented by Fusarium and Aspergillus were the most common, followed by bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, viruses (Herpes Simplex Virus/Varicella-Zoster Virus), and parasites. The positivity rates of secretion culture, corneal laser confocal microscopy (CM), mNGS, and pathological sections were 47.3% (133/281), 45.3% (111/245), 83.9% (104/124), and 19.3% (40/207), respectively. The positivity rate of mNGS for bacteria and viruses was higher than that of the other methods, and the positivity rate for fungi was the same as that for CM. As a result, 214 cases (74.6%) were cured, 51 cases (17.8%) improved, 8 cases (2.8%) did not heal, ocular content enucleation was performed in 14 cases (4.9%), and the overall efficacy rate was 92.3%. Conclusion. Trauma and foreign matter are the main causes of IK. The mNGS technology is an efficient and comprehensive detection method for viruses and bacteria, especially for mixed infections.
Unbounded Order Convergence in Ordered Vector Spaces
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Masoumeh , Haghnejad Azar Kazem
Published: April 2024

We consider an ordered vector space X. We define the net xα⊆X to be unbounded order convergent to x (denoted as xα⟶uox). This means that for every 0≤y∈X, there exists a net yβ (potentially over a different index set) such that yβ↓0, and for every β, there exists α0 such that ±xα−xu,yl⊆yβl whenever α≥α0. The emergence of a broader convergence, stemming from the recognition of more ordered vector spaces compared to lattice vector spaces, has prompted an expansion and broadening of discussions surrounding lattices to encompass additional spaces. We delve into studying the properties of this convergence and explore its relationships with other established order convergence. In every ordered vector space, we demonstrate that under certain conditions, every uo-convergent net implies uo-Cauchy, and vice versa. Let X be an order dense subspace of the directed ordered vector space Y. If J⊆Y is a uo-band in Y, then we establish that J∩X is a uo-band in X.
A Phase II Study of ERK Inhibition by Ulixertinib (BVD-523) in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Buchbinder Elizabeth I. , Cohen Justine V. , Tarantino Giuseppe , Lian Christine G. , Liu David , Haq Rizwan , Hodi F. Stephen , Lawrence Donald P. , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , Knoerzer Deborah , Sullivan Ryan J.
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

Uveal melanoma is a rare and aggressive subset of melanoma that is minimally responsive to traditional therapies. Greater than 80% of uveal melanomas have a mutation in GNAQ or GNA11 which lead to downstream signaling through the MAPK pathway. Ulixertinib (BVD-523) is a potent and reversible small-molecule ATP-competitive inhibitor of both ERK1 and ERK2 protein kinases.

Materials and Methods:

We performed a phase II study to determine the efficacy and safety of BVD-523 in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma. This was conducted as a Simon two-stage design with a sample size of 25 patients and an initial evaluation of efficacy after 13 patients.

Results:

From April 2018 to April 2019, 13 patients were enrolled. Patients were predominantly female (69%) with a median age of 64 years (34–76). Sites of metastases included liver (84.6%) and lung (30.8%). Grade 3 and 4 toxicities associated with therapy were consistent with ERK inhibitors and included liver function test (LFT) elevation, hyponatremia, pruritis, amylase elevation, anemia, and rash. The best response, per RECIST 1.1, was stable disease in 4 patients, and disease progression in 7 patients. Two patients were unevaluable for response due to withdrawal from study. Median time to progression was 2.0 months. There were eight deaths due to disease progression with a median overall survival of 6.9 months.

Conclusions:

ERK inhibition with ulixertinib (BVD-523) did not demonstrate activity in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma. The toxicities observed were consistent with what would be expected with MAPK pathway inhibition.

Significance:

Uveal melanoma is a difficult to treat disease with minimal therapy options. The majority of uveal melanomas have mutations in GNAQ or GNA11 leading to activation of the MAPK pathway. Efforts to target MEK in uveal melanoma has had mixed results. This phase II trial of ERK inhibition with BVD-523 examined the potential role of this agent in uveal melanoma therapy.
Pancreatic Walled-Off Necrosis: Cross-Sectional Imaging Depiction of Debris Predicts the Success of Endoscopic Drainage Using Lumen-Apposing Metal Stents
Authors: Li Zhenteng , Siddiqui Ali , Singh Gurshawn , Redstone Ellen , Weinstein Jonathan , Mitchell Donald G.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The use of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided transmural stent placement for pancreatic walled-off necrosis (WON) drainage is widespread. This study retrospectively analyzed imaging parameters predicting the outcomes of WON endoscopic drainage using lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS). Methods: This study analyzed the data of 115 patients who underwent EUS-guided debridement using LAMS from 2011 to 2015. Pre-intervention CT or MRI was used to analyze the total volume of WON, percentage of debris, multilocularity, and density. Success measures included technical success, the number of endoscopic sessions, the requirement of percutaneous drainage, long-term success, and recurrence. Results: The primary cause of pancreatitis was gallstones (50.4%), followed by alcohol (27.8%), hypertriglyceridemia (11.3%), idiopathic (8.7%), and autoimmune (1.7%). The mean WON size was 674 mL. All patients underwent endoscopic necrosectomy, averaging 3.1 sessions. Stent placement was successful in 96.5% of cases. Procedural complications were observed in 13 patients (11.3%) and 6 patients (5.2%) who needed additional percutaneous drainage. No patients reported recurrent WON posttreatment. Univariate analysis indicated a significant correlation between debris percentage and the need for additional drainage and long-term success (p < 0.001). The number of endoscopic sessions correlated significantly with debris percentage (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Pre-procedural imaging, particularly debris percentage within WON, significantly predicts the number of endoscopic sessions, the need for further percutaneous drainage, and overall long-term success.
Improved Nutritional Outcomes and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients Treated with Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor
Authors: Stastna Nela , Kunovsky Lumir , Svoboda Michal , Pokojova Eva , Homola Lukas , Mala Miriam , Gracova Zaneta , Jerabkova Barbora , Skrickova Jana , Trna Jan
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator therapy improves nutritional status and quality of life. Clinical trials have shown pancreatic insufficiency conversion, mostly in pediatric patients treated with ivacaftor. Studies with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) in older patients have not suggested restoration of exocrine pancreas function, but quality data in adults are lacking. Our aim was to show the effect of ETI in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) on nutritional status and digestive function. We hypothesized improvement of nutritional parameters and gastrointestinal symptoms, reduction of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, but uncertain improvement in exocrine pancreatic function. Methods: We prospectively enrolled adults with CF treated with ETI from August 2021 to June 2022. We measured anthropometric parameters, laboratory nutritional markers, change of fecal elastase, pancreatic enzymes replacement therapy needs, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Results: In the cohort of 29 patients (mean age 29.1 years), 82.8% suffered exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. After ETI, mean BMI increased by 1.20 kg/m2 (p < 0.001), mean body weight by 3.51 kg (p < 0.001), albumin by 2.81 g/L, and prealbumin by 0.06 (both p < 0.001). Only 1 patient, initially pancreatic insufficient (4.5%, p < 0.001), developed pancreatic sufficiency, indicated by increased fecal elastase from 45 μg/g to 442.1 μg/g. Mean change in lipase substitution decreased by 1,969 units/kg/day (p < 0.001) and stools frequency by 1.18 per day (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our data suggest increased nutritional parameters, lower pancreatic substitution requirements, and improved defecation in adult CF patients on ETI. Improvement in exocrine pancreatic function might be mutation-specific and needs further study.
Patient Experience Survey Of Anti-VEGF Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Holekamp Nancy , Gentile Brittany , Giocanti-Aurégan Audrey , Garcia-Layana Alfredo , Peto Tunde , Viola Francesco , Kertes Peter J. , Mirt Mirela , Kotecha Aachal , Lambert Jérémy , Lewis Hannah B. , Chi Gloria C.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Understanding patient perspectives of treatment may improve adherence and outcomes. This study explored real-world patient experiences with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).
Methods: This multinational, non-interventional, quantitative, cross-sectional, observational survey assessed treatment barriers/burden, patient-reported visual functioning, and treatment satisfaction in DME and nAMD patients in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Italy, and Spain. Treatment patterns and visual outcomes were extracted from medical charts. Regression models evaluated relationships between adherence, total missed visits, number of anti-VEGF injections and clinical and patient-reported outcomes for visual functioning. Association between treatment satisfaction and aspects of burden were assessed.
Results: The survey was completed by 183 DME and 391 nAMD patients. Patients had moderately high vision-related functioning (25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire score: mean=74.8) and were satisfied with their current treatment (mean total score: Macular Disease Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire=59.2; Retinopathy Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire=61.3). Treatment satisfaction scores were worse with higher time-related impacts of treatment (nAMD/DME), higher impacts on finances and daily life (nAMD), negative impact on employment and lower expectations for treatment effectiveness (DME). Most patients reported ≥1 barrier (66.1% DME, 49.2% nAMD patients) related to treatment (35.0%), clinic (32.6%), and COVID-19 (21.1%). Moreover, 44.9% of patients reported some impairment in activities of daily living. Work absenteeism was observed among >60% of working patients. Nearly one-quarter (24.2%) of patients needed ≥1 day to recover from intravitreal injections; most reported ≥30 minutes of travel time (73.7%) and clinic wait time (54.2%). In unadjusted univariable analyses, treatment adherence (vs non adherence) was related to higher most recent visual acuity (β = 8.98 letters; CI, 1.34–16.62) and lower odds of visual acuity below driving vision (≤ 69 letters) (OR = 0.50; CI, 0.25–1.00) .
Conclusion: More durable treatments with reduced frequency of injections/visits may reduce treatment burden and improve patient satisfaction, which may enhance adherence and visual outcomes.
Cardiorenal Impact of Anti-Cancer Agents: The Intersection of Onco-Nephrology and Cardio-Oncology
Authors: Attieh Rose Mary , Nunez Belen , Copeland-Halperin Robert S. , Jhaveri Kenar D.
Published: April 2024

Background: The evolving landscape of cancer treatments has introduced new challenges, particularly related to adverse events associated with chemotherapeutic agents. To address these challenges, the fields of cardio-oncology and onco-nephrology have arisen, focusing on the management of cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity attributable to anti-cancer drugs. Summary: Numerous intersections between these disciplines exist, including onco-hypertension (HTN) and cardiorenal toxicities induced by chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may cause myocarditis and nephritis. This paper aimed to explore the intersection between cardio-oncology and onco-nephrology. A detailed review will be undertaken, focusing on onco-HTN and the cardiorenal toxicities of chemotherapeutic agents, with a specific emphasis on the adverse effects associated with ICIs. Key Messages: Multidisciplinary collaboration among oncologists, cardiologists, nephrologists, and other healthcare professionals is crucial for developing tailored approaches to optimize treatment efficacy while minimizing the risk of cardiovascular and renal complications, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes in modern oncology practice.
Subjetividades y violencias: desorden, rebeldía y peleas en la escuela
Authors: Contreras Despott Claudio Gonzalo , Mora Guerrero Gloria Miryam
Published: April 2024

De acuerdo al supuesto de que la niñez es una producción situada histórica y contextualmente, en este investigación nos propusimos analizar las prácticas de violencia en la escuela en tanto prácticas sociales que recrean un conocimiento de cómo deben ser las interacciones según el orden social escolar y conforme a ciertas evaluaciones y legitimaciones compartidas por el grupo de niños y niñas. Se trató de un estudio cualitativo con enfoque participativo implementado a través de un taller de radio. Los participantes fueron dieciocho estudiantes de la Escuela 480, ubicada en La Legua, Santiago de Chile. A través del análisis del discurso como técnica de análisis, se reconstruyeron los múltiples sentidos que niños y niñas recrean en las prácticas de violencia escolar, entre ellos, la violencia como desorden y rebeldía frente al orden adultocéntrico, la violencia como juego, la violencia como reconstrucción de memoria colectiva y la violencia como forma de vinculación entre pares y con los adultos.
Entre-tensiones de los estudiantes: agenciamientos en situaciones límite
Authors: García Manuel , González Ismael , Sandoval Tovar Martha
Published: April 2024

El siguiente artículo presenta los resultados encontrados en el marco de la investigación realizada para optar al título de Magister en Desarrollo Educativo y Social; su objetivo es comprender el agenciamiento que se da en situaciones límite a partir de las subjetividades de los estudiantes de grado noveno en los colegios Parroquial Santo Cura de Ars y Brazuelos IED. El desarrollo de la investigación, de carácter cualitativo, indagó desde un ejercicio práctico y orientado por la fenomenología, el concepto de situación límite y su relación con la noción de agenciamiento en el marco de la cotidianidad de los estudiantes en dos instituciones educativas del Distrito Capital.
Experiencia de juego de estudiantes/ jugadores en el cruce de los entornos análogos y digitales
Authors: Pineda Roa Zairo
Published: April 2024

En el presente artículo se estudian las prácticas de juego de un grupo de estudiantes – jugadores, quienes debido a su participación e interacción en los entornos análogos (relacionados con los espacios del colegio) y los digitales (orientados por el videojuego) comparten nuevas maneras de asociar su tránsito por ambos ambientes. En este sentido la construcción de significados en la interacción con los objetos, el cuerpo, la emoción y el pensar, desde la diversidad de juegos, constituyen algunos de los elementos de enunciación, que según sus recorridos y jugadas, contribuyen a la generación de la experiencia de juego diferente y así de la comunidad híbrida. Este escrito hace parte de un estudio etnográfico.
La resistencia desde una perspectiva pedagógica en los indígenas nasas del Cauca. Aportes para la visibilidad de su experiencia
Authors: Cortés Murillo Alba Marlén , Fandiño Chitiva Neyla Mariley
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo pone de relieve la experiencia del pueblo indígena nasa del Cauca, en cuanto a su organización y formación (pedagógica) para la resistencia política y pacífica que históricamente ha sostenido frente al conflicto armado en Colombia. Para esto, se plantearon como argumentos centrales los resultados de la investigación “El papel de las prácticas pedagógicas en los procesos de gestación y consolidación de la Guardia Indígena del Cauca”, elaborada por las autoras en el marco de la Maestría en Desarrollo Educativo y Social del Centro Internacional de Educación y Desarrollo Humano (Cinde) y la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional.
Aportes del proceso de inclusión de niños y niñas en condición de discapacidad en el contexto escolar regular
Authors: Rincón Vega Ana Milena , Ospina Alvarado María Camila
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo sintetiza un proceso de investigación con niños y niñas en condición de discapacidad (sensorial, motriz o intelectual), docentes, estudiantes sin discapacidad y familias; llevados a cabo en una institución educativa de aula regular que ofrece procesos de inclusión. El objetivo de dicho ejercicio consistió en identificar los aportes para estudiantes, docentes y familias del proceso de inclusión de niños y niñas, en condición de discapacidad en el contexto escolar regular, desde la mirada del construccionismo social. Para ello se utilizó metodología cualitativa, partiendo de la necesidad de la comunidad, configurando así el plan general propuesto por Maxwell, (2005) quien sugiere los siguientes elementos: a) fines e intereses, b) preguntas de investigación, c) referente conceptual, d) validez, e) método; buscando así la coherencia epistemológica, ética, política, teórica y metodológica en dicho proceso investigativo. Y un análisis categorial de narrativas, pues a partir de los relatos de los participantes, se observa fortalecimiento de vínculos afectivos y comunicativos de los estudiantes en condición de discapacidad con sus compañeros sin discapacidad, se desdibuja la mirada deficitaria de la persona en condición de discapacidad que no aprende y que es niño eterno. Así mismo, las familias mencionan aportes interaccionales con relaciones fundamentadas en la tolerancia, el respeto, la solidaridad y la amistad, por su parte los maestros refieren en sus narrativas que observan avances significativos en los estudiantes con diagnóstico de discapacidad, no solo desde la óptica cognitiva, sino también se reflejan mayores habilidades de comunicación, interacción, independencia, autonomía, solución de conflictos de la vida cotidiana adecuadamente, tolerancia y aceptación por las distintas características que poseen los estudiantes con o sin diagnóstico.
Aporte para la discusión sobre la educación inclusiva: configuración de subjetividades políticas en jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual o cognitiva
Authors: Convers Lozano Diana , Herrera Cifuentes Floralba
Published: April 2024

Hoy se reconoce que existe una significativa relación entre la inclusión social y las apuestas de desarrollo de una sociedad, es decir, que no solo se incorpora el concepto de inclusión a la educación, sino al trabajo, a la cultura, al ambiente y a la política, lo cual constituye un mecanismo de integración e incorporación social imprescindible para que los ciudadanos mantengan un nivel digno de participación social y de construcción de nuevas ciudadanías. En consecuencia, este artículo expone la perspectiva teórica y metodológica, los resultados y conclusiones de la investigación cualitativa con enfoque interpretativo, realizada en varias instituciones educativas del municipio de Mosquera (Colombia), cuyo objetivo fue comprender la manera como los ámbitos familiar, escolar y comunitario inciden en la configuración de sujetos políticos y en los procesos de socialización política de jóvenes con discapacidad cognitiva leve.
Las poderosas prácticas educativas
Authors: Cruz Morales Ginna Paola , López Katherinne
Published: April 2024

Las prácticas educativas son acciones que podrían estar enmarcadas en un aula de clase y que además según la teoría deben responder a una estrategia y didáctica pedagógica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comprender cómo emergen las prácticas educativas poderosas en las narraciones experienciales de docentes de la Universidad de la Salle en Bogotá, Colombia. El abordaje fue cualitativo, se utilizaron algunos elementos del análisis de contenido como tipo de investigación. La metodología se enmarcó dentro de las siguientes categorías de análisis: genialidad, reconocimiento del otro, secuencia didáctica, cultura y subcategorías: creatividad, innovación, trascendencia, afectividad, experiencia, comprensión crítica de la realidad, proyección en la comunidad, perdurabilidad para el análisis de las narraciones de veinte docentes en la publicación académica de la Universidad de la Salle “Practicas docentes universitarias reflexiones desde sus escenarios”. El estudio revela que es la originalidad, el desarrollo de procesos afectivos, de comunicación, el seguimiento constante y permitir dentro de las experiencias de aula el desarrollo de un pensamiento crítico que promueva una mirada más analítica respecto a lo que sucede en el entorno social, político y económico de los estudiantes universitarios lo que hace que emerjan prácticas educativas poderosas, pues la educación es un acto humano puro, pues es una interacción social desde lo humano, atravesada por las emociones que implican una relación de poder por parte del docente, pero también de apego por la creación hecha, un ser humano integral.
Apropiación de la formación investigativa en enfermeros
Authors: Aldana de Becerra Gloria Marlén , Calero Manzano Mónica
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la manera como han apropiado la for-mación investigativa los enfermeros egresados de la Fundación Universita-ria del Área Andina, Bogotá (Colombia), durante el año 2008. La metodología fue cualitativa interpretativa. Se recolectó la información mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados permitieron concluir que la formación inves-tigativa es valorada de forma positiva por todos los actores involucrados en el proceso y que se requiere continuar fortaleciendo las habilidades investigativas en docentes y estudiantes, a fin de alcanzar las metas propuestas al respecto.
Pensamiento crítico y motivación hacia el pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de psicología
Authors: Bejarano Lina M. , Galván Francy E. , López Beatriz
Published: April 2024

El pensamiento crítico ha sido asociado a mejor desempeño académico. Con el fin de identificar focos de intervención para mejorar la calidad de un programa académico de psicología de una institución de educación superior (IES), se evaluaron las habilidades en pensamiento crítico y la motivación hacia este por parte de algunos estudiantes adscritos a dicho programa. La muestra, seleccionada de una manera no probabilística, estuvo conformada por 65 estudiantes (55 mujeres y 10 hombres entre 16 y 47 años, Medad = 20,3). Se aplicaron dos instrumentos, el PENCRISAL y la Escala de Motivación hacia el Pensamiento Crítico (EMPC) para evaluar, respectivamente, las habilidades en pensamiento crítico y la motivación hacia este. Los resultados indican que tantos los hombres como las mujeres evaluados tienen importantes debilidades para pensar de manera crítica. En cuanto a la motivación, se aprecia que lo participantes reconocen que pensamiento crítico es útil e importante, pero su disposición para involucrarse en esta forma de pensamiento, y asumir los costos que ello implica, es menor.
Reexistencias, nomadismo y producción: un abordaje a las subjetividades políticas de las mujeres en situación de desplazamiento
Authors: Gutiérrez Cabrera Yuly Constanza
Published: April 2024

Este artículo visibiliza cómo se constituyen las subjetividades políticas en mujeres en situación de desplazamiento, a partir de los discursos gubernamentales sobre el desplazamiento forzado en Colombia entre 1997 y 2011, en el marco de un análisis posestructuralista y feminista; para tal fin se utilizó el método arqueológico y genealógico foucaultiano, el cual permitió analizar y evidenciar en los enunciados del archivo arqueológico qué sujeto mujer en situación de desplazamiento se funda desde el saber, el poder y la ética. Así mismo, cómo el régimen de saber/poder se entrecruza en las prácticas discursivas de las mujeres y configura una subjetividad política que reexiste entre la exclusión y la vulnerabilidad.
Estrés escolar y estilos parentales en adolescentes colombianos durante el covid-19
Authors: Rojas-Andrade Rodrigo , Agudelo-Hernández Felipe
Published: April 2024

(analytical)To examine differences in school stress based on perceived parental style among Colombian students, the Parental Bonding Instrument and a school stress index were administered to 1287 adolescents from the department of Caldas, Colombia. The analysis revealed that 35.1% of participants exhibited excessive academic concern. Regarding the perception of parental style, 31.6% reported receiving optimal parenting, 14.1% reported affectionate restraint, 26.5% parenting with control without affection, and 27.7% described neglectful parenting. The results indicated a significant correlation between school stress and parental control, as well as a significant negative correlation with affection. Parental styles that appropriately balance affection and control were associated with lower school stress responses, suggesting the importance of promoting balanced parenting practices to improve the academic well-being of adolescents.
Association Between Coronary Assessment in Heart Failure and Clinical Outcomes Within a Safety-Net Setting Using a Target Trial Emulation Observational Design
Authors: Durstenfeld Matthew S. , Thakkar Anjali , Ma Yifei , Zier Lucas S. , Davis Jonathan D. , Hsue Priscilla Y.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Ischemic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of heart failure (HF). Most patients do not undergo coronary assessment after HF diagnosis. There are no randomized clinical trials of coronary assessment after HF diagnosis.

METHODS:

Using an electronic health record cohort of all individuals with HF within the San Francisco Health Network from 2001 to 2019, we identified factors associated with coronary assessment. Then, we studied the association of coronary assessment within 30 days of HF diagnosis with all-cause mortality and a composite of mortality and emergent angiography using a target trial emulation observational comparative-effectiveness approach. Target trial emulation is an approach to causal inference based on creating a hypothetical randomized clinical trial protocol and using observational data to emulate the protocol. We used propensity scores for covariate adjustment. We used national death records to improve the ascertainment of mortality and included falsification end points for the cause of death.

RESULTS:

Among 14 829 individuals with HF (median, 62 years old; 5855 [40%] women), 3987 (26.9%) ever completed coronary assessment, with 2467/13 301 (18.5%) with unknown coronary artery disease status at HF diagnosis assessed. Women, older individuals, and people without stable housing were less likely to complete coronary assessment. Among 5972 eligible persons of whom 627 underwent early elective coronary assessment, coronary assessment was associated with lower mortality (hazard ratio, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.72–0.97];
P
=0.025), reduced risk of the composite outcome (hazard ratio, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.73–1.00]), higher rates of revascularization (odds ratio, 7.6 [95% CI, 5.4–10.6]), and higher use of medical therapy (odds ratio, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.7–3.6]), but not the falsification end points.

CONCLUSIONS:

In a safety-net population, disparities in coronary assessment after HF diagnosis are not fully explained by coronary artery disease risk factors. Early coronary assessment is associated with improved HF outcomes possibly related to higher rates of revascularization and guideline-directed medical therapy but with low certainty that this finding is not attributable to unmeasured confounding.
Variability in Intracranial Vessel Diameters and Considerations for Neurovascular Models: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Mirza Mahmood , Kummer Katie , Touchette Jillienne , McCarthy Ray , Rai Ansaar , Brouwer Patrick , Gilvarry Michael
Published: April 2024

Background

In vitro experiments are critical for understanding the impact of medical devices and techniques on blood vessels and blood flow. However, their interpretation is often limited by anatomical models’ inability to capture the wide range of vessel sizes observed in real‐world practice. The current study aims to address this limitation by describing the distribution of vessel diameters in a real‐world population.

Methods

This systematic literature review using the PubMed database analyzed cerebral vessel diameters in patients from 2000 to 2022. The diameter measurements of various vessels within the neurovasculature were extracted. Random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed to synthesize vessel diameters across studies. Predicted distributions were generated from the meta‐analytical results.

Results

Seventy‐six studies were included in the analysis. The M1 segment, internal carotid artery (cervical and communicating segments), A1 segment, V2 segment, V4 segment, and basilar artery had sufficient data for generating predicted distributions of vessel diameters. Predicted mean diameters were as follows: M1 segment, 2.55 ± 0.42 mm (95th interpercentile range [IPR]: 1.71–3.38); internal carotid artery‐cervical segment, 4.74 ± 0.64 mm (95th IPR: 3.49–5.99); internal carotid artery‐communicating segment, 3.40 ± 0.64 mm (95th IPR: 2.15–4.66); A1 segment, 1.89 ± 0.34 mm (95th IPR: 1.23–2.55); V2 segment, 3.36 ± 0.67 mm (95th IPR: 2.05–4.67); V4 segment, 2.42 ± 0.74 mm (95th IPR: 0.98–3.86); and basilar artery, 2.96 ± 0.52 mm (95th IPR: 1.94–3.97).

Conclusion

Cerebral vessel diameter measurements can vary substantially due to patient‐specific factors and imaging techniques. This literature review highlights the diverse range of vessel sizes observed in different patient populations, emphasizing the need for anatomical models that accurately represent clinical observations.
Hyperauthored papers disproportionately amplify important egocentric network metrics
Authors: Dinh Ly , Barley William C. , Johnson Lauren , Allan Brian F.
Published: April 2024

Hyperauthorship, a phenomenon whereby there are a disproportionately large number of authors on a single paper, is increasingly common in several scientific disciplines, but with unknown consequences for network metrics used to study scientific collaboration. The validity of coauthorship as a proxy for scientific collaboration is affected by this. Using bibliometric data from publications in the field of genomics, we examine the impact of hyperauthorship on metrics of scientific collaboration, and propose a method to determine a suitable cutoff threshold for hyperauthored papers and compare coauthorship networks with and without hyperauthored works. Our analysis reveals that including hyperauthored papers dramatically impacts the structural positioning of central authors and the topological characteristics of the network, while producing small influences on whole-network cohesion measures. We present two solutions to minimize the impact of hyperauthorship: using a mathematically grounded and reproducible calculation of threshold cutoff to exclude hyperauthored papers or fractional counting to weight network results. Our findings affirm the structural influences of hyperauthored papers and suggest that scholars should be mindful when using coauthorship networks to study scientific collaboration.
Comparative Analysis of Financial Inclusion in Nigeria, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the World
Authors: Obiora Kingsley I. , Ozili Peterson K.
Published: April 2024

Using six widely accepted indicators, this study compares the progress made in financial inclusion in Nigeria, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the rest of the World, with a view to deducing lessons that each entity can improve upon. We find that Nigeria outperformed Sub-Saharan Africa in three indicators of financial inclusion while Sub-Saharan Africa did better than Nigeria in one metric. Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa exceeded the world average in informal borrowings. We also constructed an index of financial inclusion and found that financial institution account ownership, formal borrowing, informal borrowing, and debit or credit card ownership are significant positive determinants of the financial inclusion index. These findings indicate that policymakers in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa have significant room for improving their financial inclusion standings towards the global average. We make recommendations on the aspects where policymakers can place their focus in pursuit of this goal.
Taxonomic and phylogenetic evidence reveal a new species and a new record of the genus Marasmius (Marasmiaceae) from Pakistan
Authors: ASIF MUHAMMAD , MAULA FAZLI , SABA MALKA , AKRAM WAJAHAT , RAZA MUBASHAR
Published: April 2024

This research reveals a significant contribution to fungal taxonomy through the integration of morphological and phylogenetic analyses, utilizing ITS and 28S sequences. Focused on the Marasmius genus in Pakistan, the combined approach has successfully identified a new species, namely M. pakistanicus, and a new record, M. paratrichotus. The new species is characterized by its small orange pileus with a grooved surface, creamy lamellae, lacrymoid to subcylindrical basidiospores, broadly clavate cheilocystidia, and a hymeniderm pileipellis composed of inconspicuous or broadly clavate elements. This study enhances our knowledge of fungal diversity by scrutinizing both morphological traits and genetic profiles. The morphological and phylogenetic analyses based on the combined ITS-28S dataset confirmed that both species belong to the Marasmius sect. Sicci. These findings not only broaden our understanding of local fungal biodiversity but also underscore the efficacy of a comprehensive methodology. They emphasize the synergy between morphology and phylogenetics as instrumental in advancing our knowledge of fungal communities.
Rediscover of the Iranian endemic alpine Arenaria bulica after 139 years and note of the related species (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: PAHLEVANI AMIRHOSSEIN , FALATOURY ATIYE NEJAD
Published: April 2024

The Zagros Mountain range is one of the biodiversity centers with the highest percent of endemic species in Iran. There are several peaks with more than 4000 m high in Zagros hosting many rare alpine species. Arenaria is one of the morphological complicated genera with a large number of species and endemism in SW-Asia with an high species concentration in Turkey and Iran. By recollecting the rare and endemic species of Arenaria bulica from locus classicus after 139 years and examining the herbarium specimens, it was found that the two species, A. minutissima and A. semiromica can be considered as its synonyms. A detailed description, original photos, habitat, distribution map, phytogeography, conservation status, seed micromorphology and growth form have been provided and discussed.
An expanded circumscription of Trichocentrum (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) to include Grandiphyllum and Saundersia
Authors: MENEGUZZO THIAGO E. C. , CHASE MARK W.
Published: April 2024

The genus Trichocentrum is again expanded, this time to include Grandiphyllum and Saundersia, and the respective combinations are made.
Open Versus Minimally Invasive Emergent Colectomy for Diverticulitis
Authors: Le Nguyen K. , Cho Nam Yong , Mallick Saad , Chervu Nikhil , Kim Shineui , Sakowitz Sara , Benharash Peyman , Lee Hanjoo
Published: April 2024

Background

The role of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in the acute management of diverticulitis remains controversial. Using a national cohort, we examined the relationship between operative approaches with acute clinical and financial outcomes.

Methods

Adults undergoing emergent colectomy for diverticulitis were tabulated from the 2015-2020 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Regression models were developed to analyze the association between open and MIS approaches with major adverse events (MAE), as well as secondary endpoints. A subgroup analysis was conducted to compare outcomes between open and MIS requiring conversion to open (CTO).

Results

Of 9194 patients, 1580 (17.3%) underwent MIS colectomy. The proportion of MIS resection increased from 15.1% in 2015 to 19.1% in 2020 (nptrend<.001). Compared to Open, MIS patients were younger, equally likely to be female, had a lower proportion of patients with ASA class ≥3, and a higher BMI. Preoperatively, MIS patients were less frequently diagnosed with sepsis. Following adjustment with open as reference, MIS approach had reduced odds of MAE (AOR .56), ostomy creation (AOR .12), shorter postoperative length of stay (LOS; β −1.63), and a lower likelihood of nonhome discharge (AOR .45, all P < .001). Additionally, CTO was linked to decreased likelihood of MAE (AOR .78, P = .01), ostomy creation (AOR .02, P < .001), comparable LOS (β −.46, P = .41), and reduced odds of nonhome discharge (AOR .58, P < .001), relative to open.

Discussion

Compared to planned open colectomy, MIS resection was associated with improved clinical and financial outcomes, even in cases of CTO. Our findings suggest that whenever possible, MIS should be attempted first in emergent colectomy for diverticulitis. Nevertheless, future prospective studies are likely needed to further elucidate specific patient and clinical factors.
Spironolactone for Preventing Contrast-Induced Nephropathy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Lu Yucheng , Ni Weicheng , Qu Xiang , Chen Changxi , Shi Sanling , Guo Kun , Lin Ken , Zhou Hao
Published: April 2024

Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), which can subsequently worsen the overall prognosis. To evaluate the efficacy of spironolactone for CIN prevention, 410 patients with AMI and CKD receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 240 and 170 patients were enrolled in the standard treatment and spironolactone groups (spironolactone was administered 2 days before and 3 days after PCI), respectively. The primary endpoint of CIN was defined as a 0.5 mg/dL or >25% increase from the baseline serum creatinine level within 48-72 h post-PCI. CIN incidence was significantly lower in the spironolactone group than in the standard treatment group (11.2 vs 26.7%, P < .001). Further, cardiac re-hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.515; 95% CI: 0.382–0.694; P < .001) and cardiac death (HR: 0.612; 95% CI: 0.429–0.872; P = .007) risks were significantly lower in patients who received long-term spironolactone with a median treatment duration of 42 months after discharge. Spironolactone might lower the risk of CIN, and long-term use of spironolactone reduces the risk of cardiac re-hospitalization and cardiac death in patients with AMI and CKD undergoing PCI.
Shared Reading of the Families With the Children With Chronic Disease
Authors: Güven Baysal Şenay , Büyükavcı Mehmet Akif , Akdemir Esra , Yağın Fatma Hilal , Doğan Derya
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study is to evaluate shared reading of families of children with chronic diseases. The mothers of children aged 2 to 6 years with chronic health problems who applied to the pediatric outpatient clinic between January and May 2022 were the study group, and the mothers of children with an acute health problem were the control group. The sociodemographic information form and “Child-Parent Shared Reading Activities Scale” were applied. At the end of the interview, 3 questions about shared reading were asked. A total of 187 children were enrolled in the study: 92 and 95 in the chronic disease group and control group, respectively. 57.6% of mothers of chronically ill children reported that the parents almost never did shared reading with their child. It was found that all mothers knew the importance of reading, but they could not support especially in the risky chronic disease group.
How Christ Saves Us While Dead: An Exploration of Aquinas’s Position
Authors: Newton William
Published: April 2024

In explain how Christ saves us, Aquinas focuses predominantly on the Passion and the Resurrection. Staying within the general orbit of Aquinas’s theological vision, this essay seeks to give some theological definition to how Christ furthers our salvation even while dead. I will investigate why Aquinas says that merit and satisfaction are no longer possible after death and whether this also applies to Christ. Further, I will assess how instrumental causality might work when applied to the events of Christ as dead; especially those that relate to his body, such as being pierced. There are particular challenges here because such events relate to a corpse (rather than an integral human being) and they have a seemingly passive character. Finally, I will suggest a way to explain how the time and space bound events of Christ as dead, understood as actions of instrumental causality, can have a universal efficacy.