bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Financial Crisis and Economic Growth: Analysis of The East Asia Economy
Authors: Hoorani Hafeez
Published: May 2022

In line with the increasingly integrated economy in the midst of globalization, the financial crisis that occurred in one country can easily spread to other countries and become a global financial disaster in a short period of time. In such an event, strong economic fundamentals are essential to defend a country from the effects of a "contagious" crisis. As proof, due to fragile economic fundamentals and a lack of government credibility, the East Asian economy could be attacked easily by the crisis in 1997 once market confidence deteriorated. However, East Asia has learned a lot from the incident in 1997 so that it can prove its resilience in facing the global financial crisis that struck in 2008 by increasing its economic fundamentals and the credibility of policy makers. This paper starts with a theory about economic growth and the financial crisis. Next, empirically examine the extent of the financial crisis in 1997 and 2008 affecting the East Asian economy using econometric panel data. Evidence shows that, although the two crises had a negative impact on the East Asian economy, the 2008 crisis wave was relatively no worse than the 1997 crisis. Finally, this study also provides further explanation of how the East Asian economy has managed to minimize the impact of the global crisis in 2008.
Nghiên cứu biến tính nano SiO2 với tác nhân alkylsilane ứng dụng trong màng phủ trên nền kính
Authors: Phạm Thị Mai Hương  , Nguyễn Văn Mạnh  , Đào Xuân Phúc  , Nguyễn Trung Toàn  , Đỗ Nhật Minh  , Nguyễn Xuân Anh  , Đặng Thanh Bình  , Nguyễn Tuấn Hồng
Published: May 2022

Bài báo trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu biến tính nano SiO2 hình cầu bằng phương pháp thuỷ phân-ngưng tụ của tác nhân alkylsilane (Chlorotrimethylsilane-CTMS) dưới sự hỗ trợ của sóng âm. Ảnh hưởng của hàm lượng tác nhân alkylsilane và thời gian phản ứng được khảo sát. Hình thái học bề mặt, thành phần nguyên tử, liên kết hoá họ của nano SiO2 sau biến tính được đánh giá sử dụng các phương pháp phân tích ảnh kính hiển vi điện tử quét phát xạ trường (FESEM); kính hiển vi điện từ truyền qua (TEM), phổ tán xạ năng lượng tia X (EDX), và phổ hồng ngoại (FT-IR). Kết quả cho thấy nano SiO2 sau biến tính có cỡ hạt phân bố tương đối đồng đều, có sự hình thành liên kết Si-OCH3 trên bề mặt vật liệu nền nano SiO2.
Surface Analysis in Additive Manufacturing Using Image Processing
Authors: Patil Suraj D.
Published: May 2022

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a type of additive manufacturing process where prototypes are developed by depositing layers on previously deposited layer of material. Surface roughness is an important factor in determining quality of produced parts. This work proposes a methodology to calculate the surface roughness of part manufactured using FDM process. The surface roughness values to be measured using conventional stylus instrument and Digital image processing technique. Stylus comes in direct contact with surface so it destroys the surface topography. Image processing is a non-contact method hence it overcomes this problem. A camera and directional lightings will be used to capture images of surface of specimens. These images will be analyzed and processed using various image processing techniques available in MATLAB image processing toolbox. Experimental results will be validated by comparing the results obtained by using image processing technique with conventional stylus system. The system is also proposed to inspect surface irregularities. Key Words: Surface roughness, image processing, MATLAB, FDM.
POWERCOM
Authors: Bhardwaj Nikhil
Published: May 2022

Powercom is a python-based project. PowerCom is a platform which provides you the solution for the very basic issues related to Electricity faced by the people, which has the characteristics of being large- scale data and real-time, as well as requiring a high level of security. Nonetheless, there are concerns about the security of systems administration and protection of correspondence data. Here, the client establishes a connection with the server, this implies that the TCP protocol is being used. For each new arriving Client, the Server should create a new thread, to accomplish this feature we took care of concurrent thread, that is, when the number of connections is made with the server, that time each thread doesn’t interfere with one another. Therefore, we synchronized the threads. Bringing transparency in the existing system is very urgent and has turned into a famous theme now a days. This system puts a lot of trust in the Electricity Department. It manages the security of information during the enrolment of the users and maintaining the record of their data and giving them right and factual information. It brings everyone on a same platform, no one will get the information on priority basis and they will be treated equally. It additionally guarantees that the citizen is an enlisted and interested user who is ready to enjoy the features of the Powercom. The execution result shows that it is a practical and secure Powercom framework, which takes care of the issue of lack of transparency in the current system.
STUDY OF RISK AND RETURN OF MUTUAL FUNDS
Authors: Srivastava Sripal
Published: May 2022

There are many avenues in monetary market. An Investor can invest in Bank deposit, corporate debenture and bonds which has law hazard with low return. An investor may also additionally Investor in stock of enterprise which has excessive risk with high return. Investors look for safer investment avenues and favor to maximize their returns in according to their risk. Whereas some people also tries to make investments cash as early as feasible so that such invested amount would grow into a huge sum. Selecting an accurate investing alternative is very fundamental because a stability is required to be maintained between the risk that is there in an investment and returns concerned in investment. Return is inspiring force and principal reward in the funding process. One of the essential, cause due to which one wants to invest accurately is to meet the cost of inflation. Inflation is the percentage at which the cost of residing increases at that time.
PENGEMBANGAN WISATA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN PADA WARISAN DUNIA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) PAKERISAN DI KABUPATEN GIANYAR PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Palguna Kadek Edi , Putra I Wayan Pramana Eka
Published: May 2022

The current development of Bali tourism in some places it seems to cause some problems such as congestion, overcrowding and other social problems. Anticipating these problems, it is necessary to create new options to provide new tourist attractions. One of them is developing eco-friendly tourism in the Pakerisan watershed which has various potentials, both in terms of culture and natural beauty. The purpose of this study is to find out how the development of environmentally friendly tourism in the Pakerisan watershed, both in the utilization and conservation efforts of the object area. The research method was carried out through the stages of data collection, data processing with qualitative and comparative analysis, and descriptive data presentation. The results showed that the Pakerisan watershed has the potential as a cultural and natural tourism object. Efforts to utilize the Pakerisan watershed in environmentally friendly sustainable tourism can be carried out by implementing local philosophy and managing waste properly.Keywords:, Eco Tourism; World Heritage; Pakerisan Watershed.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN PARIWISATA DI MASA COVID-19 (STUDI DI WISATA PANTAI LOVINA KABUPATEN BULELENG)
Authors: Dane Nyoman , Sukmadewi Ni Putu Rika
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Covid-19 outbreak has hit a number of sectors of life. This epidemic not only threatens the health of the citizens, but also the joints of economic life, and one of them is the tourism sector. One of the tours that have felt the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia is located in Buleleng Regency, Bali, namely Lovina Beach which is an icon of North Bali Tourism in Buleleng Regency which has its own charm in attracting tourists. The essence to be conveyed is how the process of tourism management in Buleleng Regency during this pandemic. This study uses a qualitative research type with a descriptive approach. The strategy for managing Lovina beach tourism during the Covid-19 period is good, because during this Covid-19 period, Lovina beach tourism managers are able to take advantage of technological sophistication, namely by marketing tourism products through online media. Supporting factors in the management of Lovina Beach tourism during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely: (1) granting permits from the Buleleng Regency Government; (2) cooperation of Lovina Beach with the Government of Buleleng Regency; (3) direct supervision from the Buleleng Regency Covid group team towards every tourist. While the inhibiting factors in managing Lovina Beach tourism during the Covid pandemic, among others: (1) lack of manpower; (2) visitors who do not comply with health protocols; (3) the public does not know if Lovina Beach tourism has been reopened; and (4) management income decreased. Keywords: Strategy, management, tourism
Implementasi Tri Hita Karana di Objek Wisata Alas Kedaton upaya Peletarian Lingkungan Wisata
Authors: Andayani Ni Kade Seri
Published: May 2022

Alas Kedaton tourism object is one of the tourist destinations known for its natural beauty and the presence of monkeys which are the main attraction, becoming a cultural tourism object, Alas Kedaton is very closely related to Hindu culture. Of course, it cannot be separated from religious rituals and various religious philosophies such as tri Hita Karana which is implemented in the social life of the local community both in management (managers and traders) towards visitors, towards the environment and respecting the heritage of religious ceremonies at Alas Kedaton Temple. This study uses qualitative methods, the data sources are primary and secondary. Data collection techniques include observation techniques, interviews, literature and documentation, as well as techniques for determining informants. The implementation of the Tri Hita Karana teachings at the Alas Kedaton tourist attraction has been going quite well, this can be seen where the relationship between humans and God has been established in every piodalan taking place, the relationship between managers and visitors is considered good enough because the managers always provide comfortable service and provide a sense of security for guests, the manager's relationship with the environment has also been harmonious, this can be seen from the developments both in garden planning, reforestation/reforestation and in feeding the monkeys.
De gevolgen van de Appingedam-zaak voor de ruimtelijkeordeningspraktijk in Nederland: een verkenning
Authors: Botman M.R. , Langer J. , Zweers J.
Published: May 2022

De gevolgen van de Appingedam-zaak voor de ruimtelijkeordeningspraktijk in Nederland: een verkenning

De Appingedam-zaak uit 2018 van het Hof van Justitie over Richtlijn 2006/123/EG van 12 december 2006 betreffende diensten op de interne markt (de Dienstenrichtlijn) raakt de Nederlandse rechtspraktijk in meerdere opzichten. Deze kroniek verkent aan de hand van de actuele nationale rechtspraak de belangrijkste gevolgen van de Appingedam-zaak voor de ruimtelijkeordeningspraktijk in Nederland.

HvJ 30 januari 2018, C-31/16, ECLI:EU:C:2018:44 (Appingedam); Richtlijn 2006/123/EG van 12 december 2006 betreffende diensten op de interne markt (PbEU 2006, L 376/36).
De prejudiciële procedure als instrument ter verdediging van de rechtsstaat
Authors: Lawson R.A.
Published: May 2022

De prejudiciële procedure als instrument ter verdediging van de rechtsstaat

Recente jurisprudentie wijst uit dat – naast de inbreukprocedure – de prejudiciële procedure een bijdrage kan leveren aan de instandhouding van de rechtsstaat. Vooral de eis van rechterlijke onafhankelijkheid heeft een nadere invulling gekregen in een serie prejudiciële uitspraken, over bijvoorbeeld de benoeming van rechters en tuchtrechtelijke sancties, met name in Polen. Bij zijn analyse betrekt het Hof van Justitie nadrukkelijk de ruimere context. Het voert daarbij een ‘ketenanalyse’ uit: politieke invloed op het orgaan dat rechters selecteert, tast ook de positie van de aldus benoemde rechters aan. Wat is de rechtsbasis voor deze jurisprudentie, en waar liggen de grenzen?
De EncroChat-jurisprudentie: teleurstelling voor advocaten, overwinning voor justitie?
Authors: Schermer B.W. , Oerlemans J.J.
Published: May 2022

De EncroChat-jurisprudentie: teleurstelling voor advocaten, overwinning voor justitie?

Dit artikel biedt een overzicht van de EncroChat-jurisprudentie, waar de auteurs zich met name richten op de onderzoekswensen van de verdediging. Daarbij worden eerst de details van de EncroChat-operatie uiteengezet. Vervolgens wordt op de bezwaren van de verdediging ingegaan met betrekking tot de rechtmatigheid van de onderzoekshandelingen in de EncroChat-operatie en de onderzoekswensen ten aanzien van de toegang tot de gegevens. Het artikel sluit af met een beschouwing van de bevindingen.
Het gebruik van resultaten uit de Encro­Chat-­hack in de Duitse strafrechtspleging
Authors: van Toor D.A.G.
Published: May 2022

Het gebruik van resultaten uit de EncroChat-hack in de Duitse strafrechtspleging

Anders dan vele Nederlandse advocaten (in Nederlandse strafzaken) slaagde een Duitse advocaat (in een Duitse strafzaak) erin de resultaten van de EncroChat-hack uit te laten sluiten van het bewijs. Dit is precies wat vele Nederlandse advocaten hebben geprobeerd te bereiken, en daarom is het interessant te bekijken hoe de beoordeling van de EncroChat-hack in Duitsland plaatsvindt en waarom het Landgericht Berlijn tot de bovengenoemde beslissing is gekomen.
Executieve jurisdictie: het (grote) obstakel in grensoverschrijdende opspo­ringsonderzoeken naar (gebruikers van) cryptoaanbieders?
Authors: Verbeek L.W. , Beekhuis T.
Published: May 2022

Executieve jurisdictie: het (grote) obstakel in grensoverschrijdende opsporingsonderzoeken naar (gebruikers van) cryptoaanbieders?

Tijdens het grensoverschrijdende opsporingsonderzoek naar (gebruikers van) cryptoaanbieders worden opsporingsautoriteiten voor complexe juridische vraagstukken gesteld wanneer zij rechtsmacht willen uitoefenen buiten de eigen landsgrenzen. Immers, autoriteiten zijn bij het uitoefenen van executieve jurisdictie gebonden aan hun eigen territorium, terwijl het onderzoek naar (gebruikers van) cryptoaanbieders een internationaal karakter kent. In de EU zijn verschillende mogelijkheden ontwikkeld om grensoverschrijdend op te sporen. In deze bijdrage worden twee van deze mogelijkheden: een rechtshulpverzoek en het oprichten van een Joint Investigation Team geanalyseerd. Bij beide mogelijkheden stuiten opsporingsautoriteiten op bezwaren. De auteurs concluderen dat het grensoverschrijdend opsporingsonderzoek noopt tot een efficiëntere Europeesrechtelijke onderzoeksaanpak.
Oprichter van cryptotelefoonaanbieder Ennetcom veroordeeld
Authors: Oerlemans J.J.
Published: May 2022

Oprichter van cryptotelefoonaanbieder Ennetcom veroordeeld

De uitspraak richt zich op de oprichter van Ennetcom en de leverancier van cryptotelefoons. In deze annotatie worden de volgende drie elementen uit de uitspraak besproken en becommentarieerd: (1) de rechtmatigheid van het veiligstellen van de berichten; (2) de vraag is of er sprake is van misbruik van bevoegdheden (détournement de pouvoir); en (3) de vraag of het aanbieden van de cryptotelefoons een illegale activiteit is.
PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA TENTANG BAHAYA MINUMAN KERAS DI HALMAHERA UTARA
Authors: B. Badalia Krisdianti , D. Ar. Noya Meidy
Published: May 2022

Liquor is all drinks that contain alcohol (psychoactive subtances) that work, selectively, especially on the brain, so that they can cause changes in behavior, emotions, and cognition. The aim of this research is to indentify knowledge and attitudes about in the dangers of alcohol in adolescents in nort Halmahera.The method used in this research is quantitative method with descriptive approach. This research was conducted in North Halmahera with a Purposive Sampling technique. The sample of this study was 396 adolescents, the data collection used a questionnaire. The researcher determined that most respondenets (90,7%) had good knowledge (6,8%) had sufficient knowledge (2,5%) that knowledge was not good in adolescents about the dangers of drinking (100%) of all respondents have a good attitude.
PROGRAM PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH DALAM MENCAPAI SWASEMBADA DAGING SAPI
Authors: Ashwad Hajar , Harahap R. Hamdani , Humaizi Humaizi
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to know the implementation of livestock cattle fattening program in ketapang livestock area of Aceh Tengah Regency and to analyze the supporting factors and inhibiting factors in the implementation of livestock cattle fattening program in ketapang cattle region of Central Aceh Regency. The analytical method used descriptive qualitative. Primary data collection is done through interviews distributed to 9 resource persons including livestock service officers, bappeda, extension farms, and breeders located in the area of livestock. From the results of field research shows that the program implemented to achieve self-sufficiency of meat indicated to fail because of financial mismatch budget with the results achieved.
EFEKTIFITAS KOMUNIKASI KONSELING TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA) DALAM MEMPERPANJANG HARAPAN HIDUP (Studi Kasus Konselor Di Komite AIDS HKBP)
Authors: Tambunan Ardi
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the communication process, communication barriers and effective communication on HIV / AIDS counseling in the HKBP AIDS Committee. The theory used is Communication theory, Communication Process Model Shannon and Weaver, Interpersonal Communication Theory, Johari Window Theory This research uses qualitative descriptive method and case study. The data was collected for three months through observation and in-depth interviews of two counselors, two people living with HIV and one community leader. Data analysis using interactive model The important finding of this research is the communication process in HIV / AIDS counseling is the process of delivering HIV / AIDS information by counselor to ODHA client whose purpose is to provide support and strengthening. The form of communication in HIV/AIDS counseling is interpersonal communication.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI ANGGARAN YANG BERBASIS KINERJA
Authors: Gowasa Lestari , Subhilhar Subhilhar , Suriadi Agus
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of human resource competence on the implementation of performance-based budget in the Regional Financial Management Agency of North Nias Regency. The research method used in this research is the method of mixed methods, that is the combination of qualitative and quantitative research. The sample in this study amounted to 35 respondents. Based on purposive sampling. The location of this research is at the Regional Financial Management Agency of North Nias Regency. The result of the research shows that the competence of human resources bepengaruh positive and significant to the implementation of performance-based budget in the Regional Financial Management Agency of North Nias Regency with a value of 0.896 which means the correlation or the relationship between the variables of human resource competence to the implementation of performance-based budget has a strong relationship and is positive.
IMPLEMENTASI LAYANAN PENGADAAN SECARA ELEKTRONIK (LPSE) DALAM TATA KELOLA BARANG DAN JASA DI KABUPATEN BATUBARA
Authors: Suprapto Bambang , Subhilhar Subhilhar , Suriadi Agus
Published: May 2022

Tujuan untuk melakukan reformasi pengadaan barang dan jasa adalah untuk meningkatkan kemanfaatan dari  proses  pengadaan bagi masyarakat. Oleh karenanya Pada penelitian ini bermaksud menganalisis penerapan layanan pengadaan barang. Secara Elektronik (LPSE) sertakan timbulnya efek lanjutan yang mampu mendorong persaingan yang sehat dan berkeadilan bagi seluruh pelaku usaha yang terkait di dalamnya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dimana penelitian ini berupa menggambarkan dengan keadaan sebenar-benarnya mengenai Implementasi Layanan Pengadaan Secara Elektronik (LPSE) Di Kabupaten Batubara. Data yang dipergunakan untuk menyimpulkan hasil penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh langsung dari informan penelitian pada lokasi penelitian dan kemudian di analisa secara kualitatif. Hasil pengolahan data primer penelitian menjelaskan bahwa penerapan atau pun implementasi layanan pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah secara elektronik sudah baik diimplementasikan yang mencakup sikap para pelaksana yang terkait, ketersediaan sumberdaya manusia serta infrastruktur maupun dalam hal mengkomunikasikannya kepada sasaran atau kalangan target yang diinginkan. Meski demikian kendala yang dihadapi masih ada namun masih dalam tataran normal dan bias dikendalikan oleh pelaksananya.
SOSIALISASI, KRITERIA DAN MEKANISME SASARAN PENERIMA BANTUAN LANGSUNG TUNAI DANA DESA DI DUSUN SUNGAI MANCUR KECAMATAN TANAH SEPENGGAL LINTAS KABUPATEN BUNGO
Authors: Jaya Mulia , Ediyanto Ediyanto
Published: May 2022

The location of the research was carried out in Sungai Mancur Kecamatan Tanah Sepenggal Lintas District, Bungo Regency. The research aims to find out the Socialization, Criteria and Target Mechanisms for the Recipients of Direct Village Fund Cash Assistance (BLT-DD), to analyze the obstacles in socialization, Criteria and Mechanisms of Targeting Recipients of Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLT-DD), knowing the efforts made by the village government against the obstacles faced in the Socialization, Criteria and Mechanisms of Targeting Recipients of Village Cash Direct Assistance (BLT-DD). This study uses a qualitative method. The results showed that the Socialization, Criteria and Target Mechanisms for Recipients of Direct Village Fund Cash Assistance (BLT-DD) for Victims of Non-Natural Disasters in the form of a Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic in Sungai Mancur Hamlet, Tanah Sepenggal Lintas District, Bungo Regency were as follows includes (a) the stages of socialization, (b) the stages of determining the criteria for the recipients of the BLT-DD, (c) the target recipients of the Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLT-DD). -DD) for Victims of Non-Natural Disasters in the form of a Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic in Sungai Mancur Hamlet, Tanah Sepenggal Lintas District, Bungo Regency, namely: a) Less than optimal socialization carried out by the hamlet government, b) Hamlet Government Difficult to Determine Criteria Prospective Recipients, c) There is a Negative Perception of the Community towards the Hamlet Government in Determining the Criteria for Candidates for BLT-DD Recipients and the Efforts made by the Government sub-village government regarding the obstacles faced in the Socialization, Criteria and Mechanism of Targeting Recipients of Direct Village Fund Cash Assistance (BLT-DD) for Non-Natural Disaster Victims in the form of a Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic in Sungai Mancur hamlet, Tanah Sepenggal Lintas Regency, Bungo namely: a) Optimizing the socialization of the BLT-DD program to the community, b) BLT-DD being distributed to people who are really affected by Covid-19 and c) Increasing community participation is an effort made by the hamlet government against negative assumptions about the criteria for prospective recipients BLT-DD
STRATEGI POLITIK H. SYAMSURI AL PADA PEMILU LEGISLATIF TAHUN 2014 DAN TAHUN 2019
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Wibowo Alek Tri
Published: May 2022

The research was carried out in Dapil II (Central Ilir, Tebo Ilir and Tabir). This location was chosen purposively, that is, on purpose. Considering that H. Syamsuri AL is a member of the legislature in the Dapil II region where in the 2014 Election H. Sayamsuri AL failed to occupy a legislative seat because he lost votes to other candidates and in the 2019 Election in the same Dapil region H. Syamsuri AL won votes from other candidates so that he became one of the elected candidates and occupied the legislative seat of Tebo Regency. This research was conducted from June 2021 to August 2021. To obtain the data needed in this study used various techniques, namely Interview, Observation and Documentation. The types of data that will be used in the study are primary data and secondary data. Data that has been collected, processed and used qualitative research and domain analysis to obtain a general and comprehensive picture of the object by explaining analysis techniques during the field, and carried out interactively through the process of data reduction, data display and verification. The results showed that the political strategy of H. Syamsuri AL in the 2014 election was an enterprise strategy without a personal door to door approach and H. Syamsuri AL's political strategy in the 2019 election was also to use an enterprise strategy with a personal door to door approach and also carry out religious activities and social activities. . The factors that caused the defeat of H. Syamsuri Al in the 2014 Election were the presence of political opponents who were incumbent for 2 periods from the same supporting party, the formulation of uncertain targets, communication with the success team and unclear strategy control, the absence of target groups, key instruments and witnesses at the polling stations. The factor that caused H. Syamsuri Al's victory in the 2019 Election was that H. Syamsuri Al used a large number of successful teams, a personal door to door approach, carried out religious activities and social activities, as chairman of the PAN party and target groups, implemented clear concepts.
KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI DI MASA PANDEMI PADA PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI KELURAHAN BANTAN KECAMATAN MEDAN TEMBUNG
Authors: Nadhirah Sarah Muthi , Suriadi Agus
Published: May 2022

The influence most felt by street vendors in the Sub District Bantan District. Medan Tembung is the implementation of social distancing policy. As a result, some traders were confused and their income decreased. Social distancing still has an impact on the people's economy. One of the affected community groups is a street vendor in the Sub District Bantan District Convex Field. This study aims to determine the socio-economic conditions of the Street Vendors  in Bantan Village, District Tembung fields during the Covid-19 period. The research method used is descriptive qualitative to get a clear picture of the socio-economic conditions of street vendors during the Covid- 19 pandemic. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling, so that data collection can be done through observation and interviews. Based on the research conducted, the results showed that the socio-economic conditions of the street vendors in the Sub District Bantan District. Medan Tembung has a sufficient monthly income level to meet the necessities of life. The level of education that is unable to enter the formal sector. The condition of the housing that is owned is seen from the physical condition of the building and the status of home ownership. Health conditions can be seen from what diseases are complained of and where to seek treatment. The factors that cause street vendors to maintain their business during the Covid-19 pandemic include the necessities of life, low education, inadequate skills, ease of entering the informal sector and having little capital. Other socio- economic impacts for street vendors include the emergence of several street vendors who experience broken household relationships, and disruption of children's education from some street vendors. As for the economic life of street vendors during the covid-19 pandemic, some street vendors chose to increase their income to continue to improve the economy. As well as the income of street vendors during the Covid-19 pandemic decreased very drastically. This is  because buyers are quiet, especially those who have regular customers from school children
Changing Biogeochemistry of the Arctic Ocean: Surface Nutrient and CO2 Cycling in a Warming, Melting North
Authors:   Oregon State University, Juranek Lauren
Published: May 2022

The physical system of the Arctic is changing in profound ways, with implications for the transport of nutrients to and from the Arctic Ocean as well as the internal cycling of material on shelves and in deep basins. Significant increases in Arctic Ocean primary production have been observed in the last two decades, potentially driven by enhancements to a suite of mechanisms that increase nutrient availability to upper ocean waters, including transport from adjacent subpolar regions, storm-induced mixing, and mobilization of nutrients from terrestrial pools. The relative strength of these mechanisms varies substantially within Arctic Ocean subregions, leading to a mosaic of biogeochemical responses. Changes in primary production are also driving regional changes in the biologically mediated air-sea exchange of CO2, while warming, enhanced stratification, and increased mobilization of carbon from terrestrial pools are also driving regionally variable trends.
Revisiting Friedman’s “On the methodology of positive economics” (“F53”)
Authors: Hoyningen-Huene Paul
Published: May 2022

In this paper, I shall defend two main claims. First, Friedman’s famous paper “On the methodology of positive economics” (“F53”) cannot be properly understood without taking into account the influence of three authors who are neither cited nor mentioned in the paper: Max Weber, Frank Knight, and Karl Popper. I shall trace both their substantive influence on F53 and the historical route by which this influence took place. Once one has understood these ingredients, especially Weber’s ideal types, many of F53’s astonishing sentences like “the more significant the theory, the more unrealistic the assumptions” make good sense. Second, I shall claim that the much-discussed question whether Friedman’s essay espouses an instrumentalist or a realist position, is the wrong question to be asked. I shall illustrate that by a comparison with examples from physics in which also unrealistic assumptions are made. Also there, the question whether these assumptions are indicators of instrumentalism or realism is not appropriate. Cleared from these misunderstandings, F53 presents itself as an interesting and reasonable but much less controversial contribution to the methodology of economics.
Menschenwürde als Maßstab
Authors: Kreidenweis Helmut
Published: May 2022

Corona hat die Digitalisierung in sozialen Diensten und Einrichtungen deutlich beschleunigt. Diese durchaus notwendigen und vielfach begrüßenswerten Entwicklungen bedürfen jedoch einer ethischen Flankierung.
Post-Truth in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0 Shaping Children’s Morals in the Household
Authors: Asman
Published: May 2022

The family is the most important informal institution in the formation of children’s morals with Islamic religious education. The position of the child as a mandate from God then formed a three-dimensional relationship with parents as the center. The relationship of children who still need guidance with God through parents and the relationship of children with parents under God’s guidance. But on the other hand, the family can also be a killing field for the development of a child’s soul if the parents wrongly educate them. The existence of this post truth in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 makes parents control a lot of children’s activities, especially in the use of social media. Because the family is the only educational institution that is able to carry out the way of religious education through good example and habituation from parents to their children.
IoT-Based Decision Support System for Health Monitoring of Induction Motors
Authors: Pravin Renold A. , Venkatalakshmi B.
Published: May 2022

An electrical motor is a common device that is used for a variety of electrical purposes. Because of their wide range of applications, motors that are both reliable and long-lasting are in high demand. Motors are prone to a variety of faults, including rotor bar breaking faults, short turn faults, bearing outrace faults, and so on. Unexpected faults or failures in these motors reduce workplace productivity. The time it takes to resolve the issues reduces the organization’s profit. Bearing failures account for approximately 42% of all faults. Due to continuous operation, the shape of the majority of electrical motors with rolling bearings becomes disproportional. This causes the motor’s elastic limit to be exceeded, as well as fractures, vibrations, and a rise in temperature. A good solution is to switch from scheduled maintenance to predictive maintenance, which is based on monitoring the motor’s operating condition. This chapter proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-based solution that continuously monitors and records the vibration from the induction motor. A decision support system analyzes the impact of vibration using log data and the Naïve Bayes classifier. The proposed decision support system detects the critical level of vibration and notifies the user of the motor’s abnormal working condition.
Bentonite Clay Modified Concrete
Authors: Achyutha Kumar Reddy Metta , C. Khed Veerendrakumar
Published: May 2022

Replacing cement with pozzolanic materials to some extent in construction is found to be one of the sustainable approaches in the construction industry. Pozzolanic materials of industrial origin like fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag will have to be replaced with natural pozzolanic materials once the world moves towards renewable energy sources. Bentonite is one such pozzolanic clay material that is rich in SiO2 content. A little research was made to assess the performance of bentonite modified concrete. Based on those, an improvement in the fresh, hardened, durability properties was reported. This chapter presents the current scenario on the development of bentonite modified concrete. It also reviews the literature about the physical & chemical properties of bentonite, bentonite blended cement mortar, bentonite modified cement concrete, and reinforced concrete. The history and development of Bentonite modified concrete were also briefly presented in this chapter.
A Review of Modeling and Control of Piezoelectric Stick-Slip Actuators
Authors: Zhang Zhenguo , Fan Piao , Dong Yikun , Yu Shuai , Liu Keping , Lu Xiaohui
Published: May 2022

Piezoelectric stick-slip actuators with high precision, large actuating force, and high displacement resolution are currently widely used in the field of high-precision micro-nano processing and manufacturing. However, the non-negligible, non-linear factors and complexity of their characteristics make its modeling and control quite difficult and affect the positioning accuracy and stability of the system. To obtain higher positioning accuracy and efficiency, modeling and control of piezoelectric stick-slip actuators are meaningful and necessary. Firstly, according to the working principle of stick-slip drive, this paper introduces the sub-models with different characteristics, such as hysteresis, dynamics, and friction, and presents the comprehensive modeling representative piezoelectric stick-slip actuators. Next, the control approaches suggested by different scholars are also summarized. Appropriate control strategies are adopted to reduce its tracking error and position error in response to the influence of various factors. Lastly, future research and application prospects in modeling and control are pointed out.
Laryngomalacia
Authors: Waindeskar Vaishali , Thaware Pooja , Chamania Garima , Jain Anuj , Kaushal Ashutosh
Published: May 2022

Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of stridor in neonates and infants. In laryngomalacia, there is a supraglottic collapse of the larynx during inspiration leading to obstruction and thus resulting in stridor. The exact etiology of laryngomalacia is still unknown. The neurological basis is one of the leading theories explaining the etiology. Laryngomalacia in most of the patients resolves with conservative management by two years of age. In severe cases of laryngomalacia or when symptoms are persistent beyond two years of age, such cases need surgical management in the form of supraglottoplasty. Flexible fibreoptic laryngoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of laryngomalacia. Various classifications have been proposed to classify laryngomalacia, although considering dynamic airway changes might be the most acceptable basis for classification. Supraglottoplasty has higher success and a low complication rate.
Role of CRISPR Technology in Gene Editing of Emerging and Re-emerging Vector Borne Disease
Authors: Kumar Mahto Kaushal , Prasad Pooja , Kumar Mohan , Dubey Harshita , Ranjan Amar
Published: May 2022

Vector borne diseases are rampant across the world. Due to spread and establishment of vector species in different geographical areas, vector adaptation and resistance towards many insecticides the only option left is vector control for various vector borne diseases. Recent advancement in the field of genome editing have provided a variety of tools like, CRISPR, a novel genome editing techniques which can be applied for the control and prevention of many deadly diseases like dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, Japanese encephalitis and Zika. The present chapter is aimed to discuss the recent advancement in genome editing tools such as, their application, challenges, and limitations in vector control. Additionally, this chapter would potentially be advantageous to understand the hurdles, knowledge gaps in eliminating vector borne disease.
Narrativity in Becoming Sex/Gender
Authors: Sterling Rogena
Published: May 2022

Most discussions of sex and gender development are discussed as science and expressed as a linear progression from birth as one step as biology develops of which the psychosocial self is built upon. Though biology is an important to a person’s being, including any modifications to it for a variety of reasons, it is not controlling of a person’s identity. At the same time, the concept that biology is a material that is malleable of which a person’s gender is constructed. A person can find in their inner psychological being their true self as male or female that may or may not reflect their assignment at birth. Neither of these tell story of life. A person’s sex/gender is a narrative becoming over time from pre-birth through their death. Becoming includes, when permitted, spiritual and cultural aspects in addition to biological, psychological, and social aspects. When understood within such a narrative, a person’s becoming (development) that reflects their identity as a gender-sex.
What’s “Next”? On the Future of Digital Entrepreneurship
Authors: Erkut Burak , Esenyel Vildan
Published: May 2022

Digitalization is gaining speed, latest since the global pandemics, even for those industries which only observed it as a supplementary phenomenon to their physical business activities. Despite this ongoing phenomenon and the use of catchwords such as e-business or e-commerce in both academia and practice, there is still confusion when the discussion shifts to the sphere of digital entrepreneurship—especially when it comes to the “who” and “how” of the digital entrepreneurship. The aim of this chapter is to focus on digital entrepreneurship as an ongoing phenomenon in the digital economy. In this chapter, the authors first introduce background and rationale with respect to digitalization and digital entrepreneurship by using a thematic literature review of recent contributions coming from economics and management disciplines. Next, the authors present next-generation models of digital entrepreneurship, with which they specify three important components of digital entrepreneurship as a business model, customer base, and social networks. By doing so, the authors not only aim to answer the questions of who the digital entrepreneur is, and how he/she acts in an entrepreneurial way, but they also aim to provide a knowledge base of digital entrepreneurship for future endeavors, let them be practical or theoretical ones.
Hearing Damage Caused by Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Rissatto-Lago Mara
Published: May 2022

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a multisystem disease associated with episodes of acute illness and progressive organ damage, leading to impairment of several organs. It is characterized by vaso-occlusive processes resulting from local hypoxia, increased number of sickled erythrocytes, and dissemination of occlusion to adjacent tissues. SCD has a chronic inflammatory mechanism that affects several organs and systems, including the auditory system. Hearing loss resulting from SCD includes conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, in the central auditory system, in addition to otoneurological symptoms. These findings occur in both the adult and pediatric populations. At the end of this chapter, it is expected that the reader will be able to identify the main damages in the auditory system resulting from sickle cell disease, understand the pathophysiology of the damage generated in hearing, as well as understand the main care needed to monitor the hearing health of this population.
Clustering Network Data Using Mixed Integer Linear Programming
Authors: Pirim Harun , Aghalari Amin , Marufuzzaman Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Network clustering provides insights into relational data and feeds certain machine learning pipelines. We present five integer or mixed-integer linear programming formulations from literature for a crisp clustering. The first four clustering models employ an undirected, unweighted network; the last one employs a signed network. All models are coded in Python and solved using Gurobi solver. Codes for one of the models are explained. All codes and datasets are made available. The aim of this chapter is to compare some of the integer or mixed-integer programming network clustering models and to provide access to Python codes to replicate the results. Mathematical programming formulations are provided, and experiments are run on two different datasets. Results are reported in terms of computational times and the best number of clusters. The maximum diameter minimization model forms compact clusters including members with a dominant affiliation. The model generates a few clusters with relatively larger size. Additional constraints can be included to force bounds on the cluster size. The NP-hard nature of the problem limits the size of the dataset, and one of the models is terminated after 6 days. The models are not practical for networks with hundreds of nodes and thousands of edges or more. However, the diversity of models suggests different practical applications in social sciences.
Current Strategies and Future of Mutation Breeding in Soybean Improvement
Authors: Ayan Alp , Meriç Sinan , Gümüş Tamer , Atak Çimen
Published: May 2022

Soybean, which has many foods, feed, and industrial raw material products, has relatively limited genetic diversity due to the domestication practices which mainly focused on higher yield for many centuries. Besides, cleistogamy in soybean plant reduces genetic variations even further. Improving genetic variation in soybean is crucial for breeding applications to improve traits such as higher yield, early maturity, herbicide, and pest resistance, lodging and shattering resistance, seed quality and composition, abiotic stress tolerance and more. In the 21st century, there are numerous alternatives from conventional breeding to biotechnological approaches. Among these, mutation breeding is still a major method to produce new alleles and desired traits within the crop genomes. Physical and chemical mutagen protocols are still improving and mutation breeding proves its value to be fast, flexible, and viable in crop sciences. In the verge of revolutionary genome editing era, induced mutagenesis passed important cross-roads successfully with the help of emerging supportive NGS based-methods and non-destructive screening approaches that reduce the time-consuming labor-intensive selection practices of mutation breeding. Induced mutagenesis will retain its place in crop science in the next decades, especially for plants such as soybean for which cross breeding is limited or not applicable.
Les débuts de la lexicographie multilingue roumaine: ressorts pragmatiques et influences culturelles
Authors: Mocanu Mihaela
Published: May 2022

The Beginnings of Romanian Multilingual Lexicography: Pragmatic Sources and Cultural Influences. The beginnings of Romanian multilingual lexicography are deeply rooted in the first religious texts translated from Slavonic on the territory of the Romanian Principalities. The first dictionaries were aimed at fulfilling practical needs, being conceived as annexes to Slavonic or translated religious literature circulating at the time on the Romanian territory. This study provides an analysis of the first Romanian lexicographic projects, identifying their prototypes and describing the pragmatic background that these lexicographic initiatives were based on. Many of these works have sadly been lost, while others have been just partially preserved in private libraries. In these conditions, for the reconstruction of the Romanian lexicography belonging to that specific period, we resorted to two categories of sources: the notations and testimonies of the authors of the first lexicographic projects, and studies on the old Romanian lexicography. As they were not based on the rigorous scientific conception of a proper lexicographic school, the first Romanian dictionaries reflect the initiative of some scholars, revealing both their perspective on the role of such lexicographic tools and the stage of development of the Romanian language at the time.
Protective Effect of Tilia americana var. mexicana Against Kainic Acid-induced Damage in Brain, Liver, and Kidney: Behavioral and Biochemical Changes
Authors: Coballase-Urrutia Elvia , Cárdenas-Rodríguez Noemí , Carmona-Aparicio Liliana , Sánchez-Valle Vicente , Rivera-Espinosa Liliana , Pedraza-Chaverri José , Montesinos-Correa Hortencia , Bello-Robles Edith , Sampieri Aristides III , Martínez-Vargas David , Granados-Rojas Leticia , González-Trujano María Eva
Published: May 2022

: Tiliaamericana var. mexicana (Tilia) possesses anticonvulsant, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. The spectrum of anticonvulsant activity in status epilepticus models has not been sufficiently explored. We evaluated the effects of ethyl acetate (EAc), and methanol (ME) extracts on kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures by measuring rats’behavior (severity and latency) and lipoperoxidation in different brain areas (cerebellum, brain hemispheres, cortex, and medulla), kidneys, and liver. Male Wistar rats were administered KA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) after three days of pretreatment with Tilia extract (100 mg/kg). The EAc and ME Tilia extracts significantly decreased the severity of phase 1 and phase 2 seizures, respectively. The ME Tilia extract increased the latency to seizure (27 ± 2 min) compared to the control (13 ± 2 min). The ME and EAc Tilia extracts significantly prevented the increased lipid peroxidation caused by KA-induced seizures in the cerebellum, brain hemispheres, cortex, medulla, liver, and kidneys. The vehicle olive oil (OO) also showed anticonvulsant effects, decreasing the severity of seizures to phase 3 and lipoperoxidation levels in the cerebellum, brain hemispheres, cortex, medulla, liver, and kidneys. The anticonvulsant activity of Tilia is mediated by antioxidant effects in central and systemic areas that involve synergistic interactions among the chemical constituents of these extracts (glucosides of quercetin and kaempferol), while vehicle OO showed the same effects, probably due to its constituent oleuropein.