bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Service-Learning as a pedagogical practice for the promotion of generic competencies: A systematic review
Authors: Vera-Ruiz Sandra , Romera Ana Martín , Vega-Muñoz Alejandro , Gil-Marín Miseldra
Published: June 2024

Service-Learning (SL) is a methodology that links students directly with reality. It strengthens the development of different competencies in students as they participate in activities associated with community service. The objective of this work is to analyze the SL methodology as an effective pedagogical practice to promote the development of generic competencies in university students. This research is a systematic review. The articles were selected according to the Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the eligibility criteria proposed by the PICOS strategy (population, interventions, comparators, outcomes and study design) based on 71 records of scientifically identified articles in the Web of Science (WoS) Journal Citation Report databases. Publications between 1999 and 2022 were considered. The literature review allowed the selection of seven articles showing the results of qualitative, quantitative and mixed research. The results reveal that the application of SL enhances the learning of professional and transversal competencies such as teamwork, appreciation and respect for diversity and multiculturalism, ethical commitment, critical and self-critical capacity, social responsibility, among others. It is concluded that this pedagogical practice effectively consolidates the development of these competencies, and that the success of its application depends on the commitment of teachers, students and community partners.
Probing Methanol Adsorption on Two-Dimensional Nanopar-ticles: A Comprehensive Density Functional Theory Study
Authors: Anvari Najmeh. , Ghorbanzadeh Ahangari Morteza Ghorbanzadeh , Jahanshahi Mohsen , Dargahi Sajjad
Published: June 2024

In this research, we utilize density functional theory (DFT) to study and investigate the adsorption process of methanol on three unique two-dimensional nanomaterials, namely BN, Graphene, and AlN. Eight sites for BN, AlN, and six sites for graphene were considered to reach full structural optimization. By conducting comprehensive simulations and analyses, we discovered diverse adsorption configurations and energy levels, which indicate different interaction strengths between methanol and the three 2D nanomaterials. Remarkably, AlN exhibits superior adsorption capabilities when compared to Graphene and BN which can be explained by attributable to the nature of charge transfer between the adsorbate and the adsorbent. For methanol adsorption on AlN, the strongest adsorption energy was (-0.5532 eV), and the amount of charge transferred from methanol to AlN was found to be (+0.075). For BN, the strongest adsorption energy was (-0.1351 eV), and the amount of charge transferred from methanol to BN was (+0.022). The density of states results indicated that the bandgap decreased, with a shift to the right. In contrast, for methanol adsorption on graphene, the strongest adsorption energy was found to be (-0.073 eV), and the amount of charge transferred from methanol to graphene was (+0.004). The density of states results showed no change in the bandgap. Our findings underscore the superiority of AlN’s potential over BN and Graphene for applications requiring efficient methanol adsorption, such as gas separation and storage technologies. This study emphasizes the superiority of AlN over Graphene and BN for tasks that necessitate effective methanol adsorption.
Transcriptional Alterations in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Associated with Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Cytotoxicity: Involvement of Ferroptosis Pathway
Authors: Doldron Megan , Chakraborty Sourav , Anand Santosh , Faheem Mehwish , Reh Beh , Wang Xuegeng , Mallik Saurav , Jia Zhenquan , Bhandari Ramji K.
Published: June 2024

Delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-9-THC or THC), the primary psychoactive constituent of marijuana, has been found to affect the human body in a variety of ways. According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the amount of THC in marijuana has steadily climbed over the past few decades, with today's marijuana having three times the concentration of THC compared to 25 years ago. Inhalation is a major route of exposure, allowing substances to enter the body via the respiratory tract. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the molecular underpinning of THC exposure in the lung epithelium, as lung cells receive significant amounts of THC during marijuana smoking. In this study, the transcriptional alterations caused by various concentrations of THC in non-cancerous human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) were studied. THC exposure (0, 800, 1000, 1200, and 1500 ng/mL) caused a significant dose-dependent decrease in cell viability after 24-hour exposure. Transcriptome analysis showed a distinct dose-dependent response. HIF-1 signaling, ferroptosis, AMPK signaling, and immunogenic pathways were activated by upregulated genes associated with dosing concentration of THC. Glutathione and fatty acid metabolic pathways were significantly altered by THC-dependent downregulated genes. and downregulated genes and their associated pathways in BEAS-2B cells. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed several top canonical pathways altered by THC exposure, among which ferroptosis, NRF-2 mediated oxidative stress response, caveolar mediated endocytosis (loss of cell adhesion to the substrate), tumor microenvironment, HIF1alpha signaling, and the unfolded protein response pathways were the major pathways affected. The top genes that were significantly altered as a result of THC exposure were HMOX1, CDK7, HLA-C, and SLC39A4. Present results suggested that THC exposure can induce a variety of effects, including cell death, which may involve ferroptosis and the NRF-2 signaling pathway. Moreover, the Δ-9-THC-induced cell death was ameliorated by inhibiting the ferroptosis pathway. In contrast, the ferroptosis agonist exacerbated the cell death process, suggesting that Δ-9-THC utilizes the ferroptosis pathway to induce cell death in bronchial epithelial cells.
Internship Program: A Necessity in Language Proficiency
Authors: Asperis Robert
Published: June 2024

Internship programs are crucial for developing language skills because they provide real-world experience, exposure to different cultures, and chances to network with industry professionals. This continuous exposure facilitates confidence-building, fluency improvement, and language barrier-breaking. As a result, internships offer exceptional experiential learning opportunities for language learning and competency development. This review focuses on how internship programs pave the way for interns to have language proficiency skills that will prepare them for the real-life situations of our competitive world. The real-world situations that internship programs offer allow language learners to practice and apply their skills, making them essential for language proficiency. A stronger emphasis on internships in language instruction will better prepare students for the increasingly international world in which language competence is essential.
Phytocompounds Targeting for the Treatment of β-Thalassemia: A Review
Authors: Ghosh Swapnadeep
Published: June 2024

For treating β-thalassemia, increasing foetal haemoglobin (HbF) production with drugs shows promising result. Many studies have focused on finding new HbF-inducing phytocompounds and understanding how they work. This review compiles the identified agents so far. While these agents can stimulate HbF production, chemotherapy drugs cannot be practically used for treating β-haemoglobinopathies, like β-thalassemia, due to their toxicity and growth-inhibiting effects. To overcome this issue, researchers are exploring natural plant sources for effective, safe, and easy-to-use HbF-inducing agents. This review highlights summarizes the natural phytocompounds that stimulate HbF production, aiming to provide new insights into future treatments for β-thalassemia.
Profiling of Organosulfur Compounds in Onions: A Comparative Study between LC-HRMS and DTD-GC-MS
Authors: González-de-Peredo Ana V. , Maroto Alicia , Barbero Gerardo F. , Memboeuf Antony
Published: June 2024

Onions are known not only for their culinary importance but also for their nutritional and health-promoting properties. Both properties are closely linked to its content of organosulfur compounds, which account for up to 5% of the dry weight of an onion. Given the importance of these compounds, suitable analytical methods are required for their study. Two techniques should be highlighted in this context: gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). In this study, eight different onion varieties were analyzed using two distinct analytical techniques: direct thermal desorption–gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (DTD-GC-MS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) on an LC-ESI-QqTOF instrument. Each method identified 18 different organosulfur compounds, with LC-HRMS targeting non-volatile compounds, such as cysteine sulfoxides, and GC-MS targeting volatiles, such as disulfides and trisulfides. The results obtained were studied using Pearson correlations and principal component analysis. No precise correlation was found between the initial organosulfur compounds in onions and their hydrolysates. Consequently, although GC is one of the most employed techniques in the scientific literature, the use of LC-HRMS or a combination of both techniques may offer a more comprehensive and accurate description of the metabolomic profile of onions.
Thermal Tolerance and Preferred Temperature in the Critical Endangered Montseny Brook Newt (Calotriton arnoldi)
Authors: Contreras Jenifer , Gomà Joan , Velalcázar David , Montori Albert
Published: June 2024

During the last 100 years the planet has increased its temperature rapidly, this climate change could bring catastrophic effects for organisms and natural systems. One of the most affected groups is the ectotherms, due to their direct dependence on the environmental temperature. In recent years several studies analyse the effects of temperature and the thermal tolerance on several species of ectotherms. However, there are species whose thermal tolerances are still unknown. Such is the case of critically endangered species the Montseny Brook Newt (Calotriton arnoldi), endemic from the Montseny massif in Spain and whose thermal biology is unknown. Its critical situation makes essential to know its tolerance to cooling, warming and thermopreferendum in water environment where the newt lives. Three experimental procedures were conducted from the western and eastern subpopulations of C. arnoldi considering four classes separately (males, females, juveniles and larvae). The results obtained showed that the CTmax of the species exceeded 31°C, with a significant difference between the two populations. We found that the species tolerates well low temperatures (<1°C), because of the genera Calotriton is adapted to lives in cold waters with temperatures below 15º. Although the thermopreference of the species was expected to trend to cold temperatures, some individuals chose relatively high temperatures, obtaining a range of 11.7°C to 21.6°C. The results presented in this study are an advance in the knowledge of the thermal physiology of this species and support the importance of the temperature of the torrent on its survival. Knowing their thermal limits and their preferred temperature range will help to propose management measures that promote the conservation of streams and its riparian forest cover to mitigate the temperature increase due to climate change.
Evaluation of an Active Disturbance Rejection Controller for Ophthalmic Robots with Piezo-driven Injector
Authors: Tao Qiannan , Liu Jianjun , Zheng Yu , Yang Yang , Lin Chuang , Guang Chenhan
Published: June 2024

Retinal vein cannulation involves puncturing an occluded vessel on the micron scale. Even single millinewton force can cause permanent damage. An ophthalmic robot with a piezo-driven injector is precious enough to perform this delicate procedure, but the uncertain viscoelastic characteristics of the vessel makes it difficult to achieve the desired contact force without harming the retina. The paper utilizes a viscoelastic contact model to explain the mechanical characteristics of retinal blood vessels in order to tackle this issue. The uncertainty in the viscoelastic properties is considered an internal disturbance of the contact model, and an active disturbance rejection controller is then proposed to precisely control the contact force. The experimental results show that this method can precisely adjust the contact force at the millinewton level even when the viscoelastic parameters vary significantly (up to 403.8%). The root mean square (RMS) and maximum value of steady-state error are 0.32 mN and 0.41 mN. The response time below 2.51 s with no obvious overshoot.
Advanced NMR, FT-IR, UV-VIS and XRD Methods Used for Characterization of Organo-Mineral Fertilizers Based on Biosolids
Authors: Crainic Ramona , Elena Nagy Mihaela , Gabriel Fodorean , Mihai Vasilescu , Petru Pascuta , Florin Popa , Fechete Radu
Published: June 2024

Biosolids from stabilized sludge presents a high fertilization potential due to its rich content of nutrients and organic matter. Three formulas of organo-mineral fertilizers based on biosolids were manufactured having at least 2 % N, 2 % P2O5, and 2 % K2O and characterized by classical and advanced methods. The content of N and P in the final formula was measured using specific reactants combined with VIS-nearIR spectroscopy. Additionally, all three formulas were characterized by advanced 1H NMR relaxometry, double-quantum and FT-IR spectroscopy. Structural characterization was performed using SEM, EDX and X-ray diffraction. Four dynamical components were identified in the T2-distribution showing that the rigid component is into a percentage larger than 90 %. In order to evaluate the release properties of organo-mineral fertilizers dynamic measurements of electric conductivity and pH were performed, by placing 0.25 g of formulas (V1, V2 and V3) in 200 ml of distillate water. It was found that V3 present the smallest release velocity, but release the largest amount of fertilizers. Two release mechanisms were also observed.
Development of Carbon Composite Blades within the Context of the Experimental Validation of a CFD-Based Design Tool for Contra-Rotating, Electric Fan Engines
Authors: Hawner Sebastian , Rduch Lukas , Baumhöfener Henry , Hupfer Andreas
Published: June 2024

Electric propulsion systems have emerged as a disruptive technological approach towards achieving sustainable and climate-neutral aviation. To expand the operational envelope of such propulsion units in terms of altitude and velocity, an enclosing duct and counter-rotating rotors to enhance efficiency can be utilized. In this study, an iterative CFD-based design tool developed for these novel propulsion systems is utilized to design a reference engine. A substantial reduction in discrepancies between initial specifications, subsequent CFD simulations, and experimental investigations compared to conventional design tools relying on empirical formulations can be demonstrated using a classic rotor-stator configuration. This allows the CFD-based tool to be validated for designing scalable counter-rotating fan engines. Furthermore, to facilitate the transferability of research on such propulsion systems, a validated manufacturing process for composite blades is presented. This effort aims to make state-of-the-art technology accessible to smaller research projects, promoting the widespread adoption of electric propulsion technology in the aviation sector.
Serum Albumin as a Prognostic Marker for Overall Survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Shah Anvay , Fox Ashley , Bradshaw Danielle , Mian Mohammad , Shah Vishrut , Branham Zachery , Dalgetty Mark , Leurinda Christian , Bryan Locke , Jillella Anand , Kota Vamsi
Published: June 2024

In this retrospective analysis, we examined the prognostic value of serum albumin at diagnosis prior to any therapy in a cohort of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) irrespective of treatment modality.
Data were collected retrospectively in a cohort of 257 AML patients who received treatment between 2002 to 2019. The cohort included patients who received conventional 7+3 induction, patients who were not candidates for induction receiving lower-intensity chemotherapy or targeted therapy, and patients who were placed on clinical trials. Patients were classified into two groups, by serum albumin level at presentation, normal albumin (≥3.5 g/dL) and hypoalbuminemia [HA](
Solving the Problem of Infinities in Electrodynamics (and Mechanics) and a New Formula for the Electrostatic Potential
Authors: Abdukadyrov Askar
Published: June 2024

The presented work shows that a force (electromagnetic or gravitational) field surrounding any material body is not limitless, but has the external and internal boundaries (radii). Understanding the fact of the existence of the field boundaries allows us to solve the problem of infinities that exists in electrodynamics. It is shown that there are two different electrostatic potentials: with the dimension of speed and with the dimension of the square of speed.
Improved Experimental Yield of Temperature Cycle Induced Deracemization (TCID) with Cooling and Crystal Washing: Application of TCID for the Industrial Scale.
Authors: Maeda Jin , Cardinael Pascal , Flood Adrian , Coquerel Gerard
Published: June 2024

Temperature Cycle Induced Deracemization (TCID) offers a promising approach to obtain enantiopure solids from racemic mixtures. By combining rapid racemization in solution and temperature swings, homochirality is theoretically achieved. Despite theoretical expectations of doubled yields compared to traditional chiral separation methods, such as in Preferential Crystallization, experimental validation remains lacking. We applied TCID to (1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) pentan-3-one) (Cl-TAK), introducing a post-TCID cooling step to enhance yield and a washing step to augment enantiopurity. This refinement yielded an 89.8% mass yield with 99.1% enantiomeric excess in the crystal phase (c.e.e.) within 24 hours on an 8.75g scale, showcasing improved performance with insignificant process duration extension. Additionally, we explored the stochasticity of deracemization, observing the development from low initial crystal enantiomeric excesses(1-6% c.e.e0) at a 2.5 g scale. Kinetic analysis revealed that a 2% c.e.e0 effectively mitigates chiral flipping risks and induction time in our system. Our study underscores the potential for reduced initial c.e.e. to expedite deracemization and presents a straightforward method to optimize yield and purity, facilitating industrial application.
The Iron Chelator, DIBI, Reduces Bacterial Load and Inflammation in Experimental Lung Infection
Authors: Zhang Xiyang , Nickerson Rhea , Burton Lauren , Stueck Ashley , Holbein Bruce , Cheng Zhenyu , Zhou Juan , Lehmann Christian
Published: June 2024

Iron plays a critical role in lung infections due to its function in the inflammatory immune response but also as an important factor for bacterial growth. Iron chelation represents a potential therapeutic approach to inhibit bacterial growth and pathologically increased pro-inflammatory mediator production. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of the iron chelator, DIBI, in murine lung infection induced by intratracheal Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain PA14) administration. DIBI (80mg/kg) was given by intraperitoneal injection either as a single dose immediately after PA14 administration or a double dose (second dose 4 h after PA14 administration). The results showed that lung NF-κBp65 levels, as well as levels of various inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6) both in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), were significantly increased 24h after PA14 administration. Single-dose DIBI did not affect the bacterial load or inflammatory response in the lungs or BALF. However, two doses of DIBI significantly decreased bacterial load, attenuated NF-κBp65 upregulation, reduced inflammatory cytokines production, and relieved lung tissue damage. Our findings support the conclusion that the iron chelator, DIBI, can reduce lung injury induced by P. aeruginosa, via its anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.
Understanding the Role of Culture in Supply Chain Collaboration
Authors: Reynolds Samantha
Published: June 2024

This study explores the multifaceted role of culture in supply chain collaboration, focusing on how cultural differences shape communication, trust-building, negotiation, conflict resolution, risk management, and ethical standards. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 supply chain professionals from diverse cultural backgrounds and industries. The findings reveal that high-context cultures favor indirect communication and nuanced information exchange, which can lead to misunderstandings with partners from low-context cultures who prefer direct and explicit communication. Trust-building practices vary significantly, with high uncertainty avoidance cultures emphasizing formal agreements and procedural rigor, while low uncertainty avoidance cultures prioritize personal relationships and demonstrated reliability. Negotiation strategies also diverge, reflecting the underlying values of collectivism versus individualism, impacting the tactics and outcomes of supply chain negotiations. Conflict resolution approaches differ, with high power distance cultures favoring hierarchical and mediated solutions, and low power distance cultures preferring direct and egalitarian methods. The study highlights the need for adaptability to cultural changes and the development of cultural intelligence as essential competencies for managing cross-cultural supply chains. Additionally, cultural differences in risk management approaches and governance mechanisms affect the coordination and resilience of supply chains, while varying ethical standards influenced by cultural norms necessitate culturally sensitive strategies for promoting corporate social responsibility. The insights gained from this research underscore the importance of understanding and leveraging cultural differences to build stronger, more productive supply chain relationships, contributing to the broader literature on culture and supply chain management and offering practical implications for enhancing global supply chain collaboration.
The Anti-Tumor Effects of the Fetal Estrogen Estetrol in Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Coelingh Bennink Herjan J.T. , Roos Erik P.M. , van Moorselaar R. Jeroen A. , van Melick Harm H.E. , Somford Diederik M. , Roeleveld Ton A. , de Haan Tjard D. , Reisman Yacov , Schultz Iman J. , Krijgh Jan , Debruyne Frans M.J.
Published: June 2024

Background: Co-treatment of the fetal estrogen estetrol (E4) with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) may further inhibit endocrine PCa tumor stimulators including testosterone (T), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
Methods: A Phase II, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in advanced PCa patients requiring ADT (the PCombi study) was conducted to assess the effect of E4 co-treatment with LHRH agonist ADT on total T, free T, PSA, FSH, and IGF-1. Patients starting ADT were randomized 2:1 to 40 mg E4 (n=41) or placebo (n=21) for 24 weeks. Analyses were performed on the per-protocol population (PP), using the Wilcoxon-rank sum and the Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: The PP population consisted of 57 patients (37 ADT+E4; 20 ADT+placebo). All individual data of the four endocrine tumor stimulators are presented in figures in the paper and in supplementary tables, showing that E4 co-treatment almost completely suppressed FSH levels in all patients, on average by 98% versus 37% in the placebo group (p
Pests and Diseases Management, Agricultural Practices, Production Constraints and Selection Criteria of Elite Cassava Varieties by Smallholder Farmers in Sierra Leone
Authors: Amara Vandi , Samura Alusaine Edward , Norman Prince Emmanuel , Kanu Sheku Alfred , Karim Kumba Yannah , Tiendrebeogo Fidele , Eni Angela Obiageli , Pita Justin S
Published: June 2024

The study investigated farmers’ perception on pests and diseases management strategies, agricultural practices, production constraints and selection criteria of elite varieties using a survey research design. A total of 700 questionnaires were administered to smallholder farmers who were farming for household consumption, those producing for sale and household consumption and those who were mainly producing for sale because their primary goal was to produce for the market. Findings revealed that the most prevalent pests identified were whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci), grasshoppers (Zonocerus variegatus), aphids (Aphis gossypii), mealybugs (Phenacoccus manihoti), termites (Isoptera), and grasscutters (Thryonomys swinderianus). The three most common diseases of cassava limiting growth and yield with mixed infection include viral, bacterial, and fungal. The study also revealed that only 12.5% of farmers cultivated improved cassava varieties. The management practices implemented encompassed field sanitation and the application of pesticides. Lack of capital and no availability of market were the most important production and marketing constraints faced by farmers in the study area, whereas poundability and high storage root yield are the most preferred traits farmers consider in selecting a new variety. Results suggest that smallholder farmers should endeavor to undergo various developmental programs to develop themselves to increase their competitive advantage in their locality and in the local and global agricultural sectors. In addition, governments and other policy makers should strategize plans and programs that would contribute to smallholder farmers’ agriculture, community and national development.
Study on the High Stability and Catalytic Properties of MOF Materials Represented by UiO-66 / G-C3N4
Authors: Gao Lehan , Ma Jingjing , Lei Bowen , Xue Shenglin , Sui He , Zhang Yang , Ding Yang , Dai Xiaoyu , Xu Yating
Published: June 2024

This study examines the potential of UiO-66 and g-C3N4-based composite catalysts for environmental purification and pesticide degradation. By integrating zirconium-based metal-organic framework UiO-66 with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), a composite with a Z-type heterojunction structure is created, enhancing photocatalytic pesticide degradation and phosphorus recovery. The optimal composite, UiO-66/g-C3N4(UG6:4), shows high efficiency in degrading organophosphorus pesticides like DDVP under visible light. This catalyst's high surface area and porous nature efficiently adsorb and break down persistent soil pollutants, including DDT and DDVP. Featuring robust stability and effective photocatalytic activity, the UiO-66/g-C3N4 composite holds promise for soil remediation and dealing with organic pollutants. Future research will aim to further refine this material’s structure and properties, ensuring its practical application in environmental cleanup.
Optimization Analysis of Company Financial Statements Using Weighted Goal Programming with Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Wijayanti Hagni , Supian Sudradjat , Chaerani Diah , Shuib Adibah
Published: June 2024

Financial statements depict the condition of a company and need to be analyzed and evaluated to assess its performance. This research aims to analyze financial statements to describe the financial condition, measure business development over time, and evaluate the achievement of the com-pany's objectives. An optimization analysis of financial ratios is performed using the Weighted Goal Programming (WGP) model, which addresses multiple objectives by applying weights based on their priorities. The Analytical Hierarchy Process was used to determine the priority weights of deviation variables from each financial ratio target. Financial ratios were selected based on their impact on profit using factor analysis. The constructed WGP model aims to minimize deviations in Return on Assets, Operating Ratios, Operating Income Ratio, Total Assets Turnover, and Current Ratio. Computational calculations to solve the WGP model are per-formed using Python, with pseudocode provided. A case study on a company in the garment and textile sector was conducted and found that the Operating Ratio, Return on Assets, Operating Income Ratio, and Current Ratio still need improvement by developing strategies to achieve the targets. Sensitivity analysis was also employed to assess the resilience of the model in response to alterations in data.
A Robust Controller Based on Extension Sliding Mode Theory for BLDC Motor Drives
Authors: Chao Kuei-Hsiang , Hsieh Chin-Tsung , Chen Xiao-Jian
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the design of a robust speed controller for brushless DC motors (BLDCM) under field-oriented control (FOC). The proposed robust controller integrates extension theory (ET) and sliding mode theory (SMT) to achieve robustness. First, the speed difference between the speed command and the actual speed of the BLDCM, along with the rate of change of the speed difference, are divided into 20 interval categories. Then, the feedback speed difference and the rate of change of the speed difference are calculated for their extension correlation with each of the 20 interval categories. The interval category with the highest correlation is used to determine the appropriate control gain for the sliding mode speed controller. This gain adjustment tunes the parameters of the sliding surface in the SMT, thereby suppressing the overshoot of the motor speed. Because the sliding surface reaching law of the sliding mode controller (SMC) adopts the exponential approach law, the system's speed response can quickly follow the speed command in any state and exhibit excellent load regulation response. The simplicity of this robust control method, which requires minimal training data, facilitates easy implementation. Finally, the speed control of the BLDCM is simulated using Matlab/Simulink software, and the results are compared with those of the SMC using the constant speed approach law. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed robust controller exhibits superior speed command tracking and load regulation response compared to the traditional SMC.
A Review of the Current Greenhouse Technology Status in China and Development Prospects
Authors: Guo Bin , Zhou Biao , Zhang Zhiming , Li Kaidi , Wang Jianye , Chen Jiufa , Papadakis George
Published: June 2024

China’s greenhouse industry has thousands of years of development history, although the development of modern greenhouses has come late. After decades of development of China, its greenhouse industry is in the forefront of the world. China’s greenhouse industry is experiencing rapid development, transformation and upgrading. China ranks first in the world in terms of greenhouse area, used mainly for vegetable cultivation and plays an important role in the utilization of agricultural resources and food production. In 2023, the cumulative area of new greenhouses nationwide was 1835.87 million ha. In this paper we present the latest developments in the greenhouse sector. More specifically, we present a greenhouse market development overview, the greenhouse production, the greenhouse industry, and technology development. Current problems are underpinned, development opportunities and prospects are analyzed, and measures and specific proposals are detailed for the technological development of the greenhouse sector both for increasing product quantity and quality.
Petrophysical and Mechanical Properties of the Piromafo Stone Used in the Built Heritage of Apulia (SE Italy): A Comprehensive Laboratory Study
Authors: Andriani Gioacchino Francesco
Published: June 2024

Many historic buildings and monuments on the Salento Peninsula (Apulia, southern Italy) were built from locally quarried Miocene calcarenites belonging to the Pietra Leccese Formation (Late Burdigalian-early Messinian). The main facies consists of a homogeneous and porous biomicrite, pale yellow in color and fine- to medium-grained, very rich in planktonic Foraminifera and massive or thick-bedded in outcrop.
Additionally, there are other facies among which Piromafo stands out for its aesthetic appearance, which is enhanced by its greenish-brown or greenish-grey colors. Its physical characteristics, in terms of thermal properties mainly due to the mineral content and fabric, make it a good refractory and insulation material. Piromafo occurs in the upper part of the Pietra Leccese Fm. and is repre-sented by a fine- to medium-grained glauconitic and phosphatic biomicrite with macrofossils, es-pecially Bivalves and Gastropods.
Despite its important historical use as building and ornamental material, especially in the Roman and Baroque architecture, a research gap exists in the scientific literature describing the properties of the stone and their correlation. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present a wide range of properties useful to explain the in-situ behavior and damage susceptibility of the stone in monu-ments and buildings, but also for selecting preservation treatments and strategies.
Thus, an overall assessment of the main petrophysical and mechanical properties especially for restoration/conservation purposes was performed using both standard and unconventional tech-niques. Starting from rock fabric inspection, particular attention was given to the relationship be-tween pore-size distribution and, hydraulic and thermal properties of the material. Unconfined compressive strength, flexural strength and indirect tensile strength were also estimated.
INVSID 1.0: An Inverse System Identification Toolbox for MATLAB
Authors: Han Runzhe , Bauer Georg , Bohn Christian
Published: June 2024

The inverse system identification toolbox named INVSID 1.0 for MATLAB, which is used to identify the inversion of single-input single-output systems, is developed. The complete process of developing the toolbox is demonstrated. Afterwards, a numerical example is illustrated to describe how the toolbox can be used to solve inverse identification problems. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the toolbox.
Potential and Limits of the Synergy Between Cheiloscopy and Rugoscopy in Forensic Odontology
Authors: Trizzino Andrea , Albano Davide , di vita Emanuele , Sciarra Fabio M , Vintrici Simone , Reali Lorenzo , Cumbo Enzo , Bilello Giuseppa , Zerbo Stefania , Argo Antonella , Messina Pietro , Scardina Giuseppe Alessandro
Published: June 2024

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of discriminating between the two sexes through the simultaneous use of cheiloscopy and palatine rugoscopy. Materials and methods: 80 palate and lip impressions (40 male and 40 female) were analyzed. The palate impressions were acquired using both analogue and digital methods. The lip impres-sions were first acquired analogically and then scanned. The morphology of the palatine rugae in the palate impressions was analyzed, with the exclusion of segmental rugae. The lip prints were analyzed in sextants and the morphology of the lip wrinkles was evaluated. Results: Palatine rugoscopy shows that women have more curvy rugae than men and that men have more rugae on the left side than on the right. Cheiloscopy gave no statistically significant re-sults. Discussion: Palatine rugoscopy showed some differences between the sexes, however, these re-sults were not solid enough for reliable sex discrimination. Differences between the results of dif-ferent studies can be attributed to ethnic and methodological variations. Cheiloscopy, on the other hand, did not provide statistically significant results for sex discrimination. Conclusions: Given the scant results obtained from palatine rugoscopy and the lack of statisti-cally relevant results in cheiloscopy, together with a lack of concordance among the data found in literature, it is believed that it is not possible to discriminate between the two sexes by using the two methods contemporarily. Further research is needed.
Review on Power Quality Disturbances Detection, Classification, Optimization and Mitigation Techniques
Authors: Khaldi Bouchra Feriel , Dekhandji Fatma Zohra , Recioui Abdelmadjid
Published: June 2024

Power quality (PQ) plays an important role in ensuring the smooth operation of power systems. PQ disturbances may cause significant consequences, impacting the reliability and efficiency of power networks. This paper presents a comprehensive review of PQ within smart grids and the integration of renewable energy sources. Methods of detecting, classifying, optimizing, and mitigating PQ events are reviewed with providing a brief theoretical explanation for each technique. Related work done in the past two decades, was conducted, presenting a clear view of the development of research in a chronological order serving as a guide for future investigations in this field of study.
Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Urban Air Quality and the Spatial Heterogeneity of Driving Factors: A Case Study of Beijing
Authors: Tan Zhixiong , Wu Haili , Chen Qingyang , Huang Jiejun
Published: June 2024

Urban air pollution is a critical global environmental issue, necessitating an understanding of the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving factors for effective environmental protection and urban planning. This study introduced an advanced air quality assessment system that integrates environmental, socio-economic, and urban layout factors, addressing gaps in traditional models that often overlook the impact of urban spatial structures. Analyzing air quality data from Beijing's main urban area (2016-2020) alongside multi-source geographic data, the research develops a comprehensive evaluation system, incorporating 14 key driving factors. Employing Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR), the study quantitatively assessed the influence and spatial heterogeneity of these factors. Findings revealed an annual improvement in air quality, with a U-shaped seasonal pattern and significant spatial clustering (Global Moran’s I = 0.922). The MGWR model, in particular, provided a superior fit over GWR, effectively capturing the spatial variability of factors. Variables such as NDVI), economic output (GDP), and humidity space adjustment capability (HSAC) showed significant positive spatial impacts on air quality, while population density (POP), temperature (TEMP), and road density (RD) exhibited negative effects. These insights enhance the understanding of air pollution dynamics and aid in refining urban planning strategies.
Molecular dynamics study of the mechanisms of gold ablation under the influence of ultrashort laser pulses using different potentials
Authors: Aleksashkina Anna Andreevna , Mazhukin Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: June 2024

Using simulation with a continuum-atomistic model, a study of ablation under the action of an ultrashort laser pulse on a metal (Au) was carried out. Three regimes of ablation were studied: supercritical expansion, phase explosion, and mechanical spallation. The results for two EAM potentials of gold are compared. A graph of the dependence of the amount of removed substance on the fluence of laser radiation for two potentials is constructed, followed by comparison with experimental data.
OPTIMALISASI PENILAIAN MANDIRI SATUAN PENDIDIKAN AMAN BENCANA (SPAB) DALAM MENDORONG KESIAPAN MENGHADAPI BENCANA GEMPA BUMI DI KAWASAN SESAR OPAK KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Inggit Fandayati  , Purbudi Wahyuni  , Arif Rianto Budi Nugroho  , Eko Teguh Paripurno  , Johan Danu Prasetya  , Kurniawan Ficky Adi
Published: June 2024

The implementations of self-assessment using Inarisk SPAB's (Disaster Safe School) e-monev tools in Bantul Regency are currently not optimal. According to SPAB e-monev study and analysis by BNPB in 2023 stated that 11% of the 8,268 schools only in DI. Yogyakarta did it. The capacity and preparedness for schools in Bantul, especially those on the Opak Fault, to face the threat of earthquakes is absolutely necessary through reinforcement of SPAB. To ensure the schools in the Opak Fault area consistently implement Disaster Safe School (SPAB) standards in increasing preparedness to face earthquakes, periodic self-assessments should be carried out. However, self-assessment using Inarisk SPAB's (Disaster Safe School) e-monev tools in the Opak Fault has not been optimal, which means that schools have not attempted to provide guarantees of optimal preparedness to face the risk of earthquake disasters for its members. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach involving 32 key informan and triangulation. The results are stated that four of six schools in Opak Fault, Bantul Regency are less prepared to face earthquakes, while the others are almost ready and ready category.
ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI SAWUR SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN AIR DI KECAMATAN SAMBUNGMACAN KABUPATEN SRAGEN TAHUN 2023
Authors: Pradani Mistika Ayu , Wijayanti Pipit , Tjahjono Gentur Adi
Published: June 2024

Sawur River is a river that is the border of Central Java and East Java which has a brown to black color with a bit turbid so that it is polluted. This study aims to 1) identify the water pollution index in the Sawur River, Sambungmacan District, 2) examine efforts to control water pollution in the Sawur River, Sambungmacan District. Data analysis techniques using the pollution index method to determine the status of river pollution and SWOT analysis to formulate water pollution control efforts. Water samples were tested at 8 sample points and laboratory tests were carried out on nitrates, nitrites, ammonia, phosphates, potassium, detergent, and coliform. The results of the water quality laboratory show that there are several parameter elements that exceed the quality standards, namely nitrite, ammonia, and phosphate. The laboratory results are calculated by the pollution index formula, the pollution index is obtained at all points of the sample categorized as light pollution. According to the SWOT analysis, water pollution control efforts are in quadrant IV with a survival strategy. Efforts that can be made to control water quality over pollution are a) improve the provision of complete information, b) improve coordination between agencies on water pollution, c) increase inventory and identification of polluting sources, d) increase supervision of waste disposal, and e) increase public knowledge and participation for water quality control over pollution.
La teoría fundamentada en la investigación social: experiencia en un estudio sociocultural en salud
Authors: Castro Vasquez Maria del Carmen , Arellano Carmen
Published: June 2024

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the process of theory building based on Grounded Theory, from the analysis of empirical data on the right to health information (RHI) in the detection and medical care of breast and cervical cancer. These data derive from qualitative research, in which focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted with women between 25 and 45 years of age in a city in northern Mexico, to find out how they exercised the DIS in medical care, what their experiences in management were and what their perceptions of care were like. In the analysis of the first data and at the beginning of the open coding, self-perception was identified as an emerging category, defined as the interviewees' self-perception of their position vis-à-vis the physician and the health institution during the management of care. This category was analyzed in axial and selective coding, showing its explanatory potential for understanding the practices of women in exercising their right to health information. This empirical exercise shows that grounded theory implies a systematic and rigorous process of codification, comparison and integration of data and theory. This paper contributes to the understanding of theoretical and methodological decisions based on grounded theory in social research.
Markov Method Revolutionizes Paper Industry, Slashing Maintenance Costs Globally
Authors: Syaifullah Dikril Ilham , Sukmono Tedjo
Published: June 2024

Paper manufacturing industries rely on efficient machinery for production processes, yet neglecting maintenance can lead to substantial costs. This study addresses the maintenance cost optimization challenge in a Pasuruan paper company, where maintenance expenses exceed 20% of the standard. Utilizing the Markov chain method, the research identifies optimal paper machine maintenance costs, achieving a 32% cost reduction. By analyzing data from company documents and literature reviews, specific machine states are identified, recommending overhaul strategies to enhance operational efficiency. The study's implications underscore the method's effectiveness in reducing costs and improving productivity for paper manufacturing industries, offering valuable insights for similar sectors.
Highlights:
1. Neglecting maintenance in paper manufacturing leads to substantial costs.2. Markov chain method optimizes paper machine maintenance, reducing expenses.3. Implementation of optimal maintenance strategies significantly enhances financial sustainability.
Keywords: Paper manufacturing, Maintenance optimization, Markov chain method, Cost reduction, Operational efficiency.
EOQ Optimization Revolutionizes Inventory Management, Delivering Cost Savings Globally
Authors: Wardhani Devira Kusuma , Sukmono Tedjo
Published: June 2024

Efficient inventory management is crucial for companies to minimize costs while ensuring adequate supply to meet demand. PT Samawa Tirta Alam, a bottled sweet drinking water company, faces significant inventory management issues, notably with refined sugar raw materials. High transportation costs and fluctuating demand contribute to excessive inventory accumulation and increased storage costs, necessitating an optimization strategy. This study implements the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method to address these challenges. Through a mixed-method approach, qualitative data were gathered via observations and interviews, while quantitative analysis utilized historical data to calculate optimal order quantities, frequencies, safety stock levels, and reorder points. Results demonstrate substantial cost savings, with optimal order quantities determined, reducing order frequencies from 12 to 2 times per year, and minimizing safety stock levels. The findings underscore the effectiveness of the EOQ method in enhancing cost-effectiveness and operational performance in raw material inventory management for similar companies.
Highlights:
1. Cost Efficiency: EOQ method reduces total inventory costs effectively.2. Operational Precision: Minimizing safety stock enhances operational efficiency.3. Strategic Insight: Integrated approach provides practical solutions for inventory management challenges.
Keywords: Inventory Management, Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Cost Optimization, Raw Materials, Transportation Costs
An anonymous fragment on Pentapolis
Authors: Monferrer-Sala Juan Pedro , Nesim Youssef Youhanna
Published: June 2024

The scarcity of data on Pentapolis during the Islamic period contrasts, albeit with gaps, with the information we currently have for earlier periods. With the edition, translation and study of this brief Coptic-Arabic fragment, we intend to contribute with the provision of data with which to gradually fill in the lack of information we have about Pentapolis and its history.