bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Athabasca Toe-to-Heel Air Injection Pilot: Evaluation of the Spontaneous Ignition Based on Apparent Atomic Hydrogen-Carbon Ratio Variation
Authors: Turta Alex , Sierra Ravinder , Islam Mohammad , Singhal Ashok
Published: August 2022

An in-depth analysis was performed to determine the ignition delay via the enhanced spontaneous ignition (ESI) method on three well pairs (each pair constituted by one vertical injector and one horizontal producer) belonging to the Toe-To-Heel Air Injection (THAI) pilot in Athabasca. ESI consisted of preheating of the surroundings of injection wells by injecting a steam slug for 3 to 4 months just before starting air injection. At first, the ignition delay had been determined based on both the oil production and on the bottomhole temperatures (BHTs) recorded in the observation wells as well as at the toe of the horizontal producer. For the purposes of this paper, a more rigorous evaluation was carried out based on the variation in time of the apparent atomic hydrogen-carbon ratio (AAHCR) calculated from detailed gas analyses for a long period of time. AAHCR is a very strong synthetic parameter giving a direct indication of the peak temperature value before, during, and after the in-situ combustion (ISC) front is generated. Therefore, it provides complete information on the occurrence of high-temperature oxidation and low-temperature oxidation (LTO) reactions. Using the variation of the AAHCR, it was found that the ignition time was shorter than those determined by the previously mentioned methods. In the case of first well pair, ignition took 3 weeks as compared to the 1 month determined by the previous methods. The second well pair ignited in 1 month as compared to the previously calculated 2 months, and for the third well pair, ignition time was approximately 2 months in both cases.

As an additional and complementary approach, estimation of the ignition time was also based on the variation of individual components of the produced gas. This allowed for the discovery of a new method for ignition time determination. This was possible in the THAI process, unlike conventional ISC processes, significant concentrations of hydrogen (H2) are produced, and the interpretation of its variation can give an indication of the ignition time. The new method is very simple to use, as the percentage of hydrogen in the produced gas starts to take off only after the full establishment of an ISC front, as hydrogen production is associated with high-temperature bond scission reactions in the ISC front. In general, the ignition delay is overestimated to some degree when using this method.
Xpro®1595 mitigated neuropathic pain in rats by suppressing ADAM17 triggered inflammation in the spinal dorsal horn
Authors: li li , Xu Ning , Yao Wei-Wei , Sun Yan-Yan
Published: August 2022

A disintegrin and a metalloprotease17 (ADAM17), as TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE), cleaves and sheds many membrane-anchored protein and factors, such as TNF-α, Notch, IL-6 receptor and EGF-R ligands. The relationship between these proteins or factors and neuropathic pain is well established. However, whether the ADAM17 has a function in neuropathic pain is not fully understood. The present study is designed to investigate the function of ADAM17 in the development and sustainment during neuropathic pain in rats. The immunofluorescence staining results revealed that ADAM17 primarily expressed in the microglia and IB4 positive neurons in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and the expression of ADAM17 was significantly up-regulated in the SDH and DRG in the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) rats. Furthermore, exogenous intrathecal injection of ADAM17 simulates mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity similar to neuropathic pain in normal rats. Moreover, the dominant-negative TNF-α inhibitor selective for soluble TNF-α (solTNF-α), Xpro®1595, 1595 significantly increased 50% paw withdrawal threshold(PWT) of SNL-rats inhibiting the upregulation of ADAM17. Along with the downregulation of ADAM17, the upregulation of TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in SDH was also suppressed. Altogether, these results suggest that ADAM17 participates in the induction and maintenance of neuropathic pain and it may be a potential target for neuropathic pain. Besides, Xpro®1595 could improve SNL-induced neuropathic pain via inhibiting expression levels of ADAM17, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 at SDH.
Insecticide Resistance Surveillance of Malaria and Arbovirus Vectors in Papua New Guinea 2017-2022
Authors: Katusele Michelle , Lagur Solomon , Endersby-Harshman Nancy , Demok Samuel , Goi Joelyn , Vincent Naomi , Sakur Muker , Dau Absalom , Kilepak Lemen , Gideon Stephen , Pombreaw Christine , Makita Leo , Hoffmann Ary , Robinson Leanne , Laman Moses , Karl Stephan
Published: August 2022

Background: Insecticide resistance monitoring is key for evidence-based control of Anopheles and Aedes disease vectors in particular, since the vast majority of insecticide-based public health adult vector control tools are reliant on pyrethroids. While widespread pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles species and Aedes aegypti has been described in many countries, data for Papua New Guinea are scarce. Available data indicate the local Anopheles populations remain pyrethroid-susceptible, making regular IR monitoring even more important. Knowledge on Aedes IR in PNG is very limited, however, high levels of Aedes aegypti resistance have been described. Here we present IR monitoring data from across PNG generated between 2017 and 2022.Methods: Mosquito larvae were collected in larval habitat surveys and through ovitraps. Mosquitoes were reared to adults and subjected to insecticide treated filter papers in WHO insecticide susceptibility bioassays. Subsets of Aedes mosquitoes were subjected to sequencing of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (Vssc) region to identify resistance mutations.Results: Overall, nearly 20,000 adult female mosquitoes from nine PNG provinces were used in the tests. We show that in general, Anopheline mosquitoes in PNG remain susceptible to pyrethroids but with worrying signs of reduced mortality in some areas. In addition, some Anopheles populations were indicated to be resistant against DDT. We show that Ae. aegypti in PNG are pyrethroid, DDT and likely bendiocarb resistant with a range of Vssc resistance mutations identified. We demonstrate that Ae. albopictus is DDT resistant and is likely developing pyrethroid resistance based on finding a low frequency of Vssc mutations.Conclusion: This study represents the largest overview of IR in PNG. While Ae. aegypti is highly pyrethroid resistant, the Anopheline and Ae. albopictus populations exhibit low levels of resistance in some areas. It is important to continue to monitor IR in PNG and develop proactive insecticide resistance management strategies in primary disease vectors.
Senior surgeons as role models in the operating theatre: a thematic analysis through the lens of Aristotelian ethics
Authors: Leung-Tack Mirana , Khanna Divya , Jones June , Elledge Ross
Published: August 2022

Background
Surgeons are commonly evaluated by surgical skills and outcomes rather than their character traits. We sought to examine role model behaviours of senior surgeons through the lens of Arostelian (virtue) ethics.
Methods
Semi-structured focus group interviews were undertaken of anaesthetic trainees at a large university hospital NHS Foundation Trust and transcripts were subjected to thematic analysis to yield themes and subthemes. Participation of the trainees was entirely voluntary and focus groups were conducted using Zoom™.
Results
The overarching themes identified were ‘Teamwork makes the dream work’, ‘Captain of the ship’ and ‘Strong foundations’.
Conclusions
We hope to take lessons learnt in conjunction with our previous work to help refocus surgical training towards a process of character reformation, rather than simply imparting technical skills to trainees.
Lockdown and economic recovery policies during coronavirus pandemic: a comparison between selected countrie
Authors: Nasrindoost Maysam , Salari Taghi Ebrahimi , Moghadm Hadi Esmaeilpour
Published: August 2022

Covid-19 has caused significant damages to the economy of countries. Although economic losses are not limited to growth slowdown, the index of these losses can be considered an economic growth decrease. In the statistics presented in this article, we will see how countries faced negative economic growth during different seasons of 2020. As governments experienced Covid-19 in their country, they faced two primary occurs uncertainty about declining economic activity and Concerns about the collapse of the healthcare system. Then, governments have been forced to control the rate of spread through restrictions and lockdown while implementing economic stimulus policies. Therefore, the question of the present study is which countries have acted more efficiently in the simultaneous implementation of quarantine policy and economic recovery? This paper uses four indicators in 105 countries during 2020: "Covid-19 economic stimulus Index" (CESI)," stringency Index" (SI) as a measure of lockdown, "economic growth rate", and "per capita mortality rate of Covid-19 ". Using DEAP software and with the DEA method, performance scores were calculated. We find that the research hypothesis cannot be rejected: the greater the scope of economic recovery or the smaller the Lockdown scale in a country, it does not necessarily lead to greater efficiency in reconstructing that economy. To know why more information is needed about the nature and function of the coronavirus. The conclusion of this paper that the return to pre-corona economic activity could not be due to efforts to control mortality and economic recovery suggests a path for future studies.JEL: I15; E60; H12
Efficient separation of cellulose from Bamboo by organic alkali
Authors: Chen Li-Yu , Meng Xiang-Guang , Yu Wen-Wang , Zhang Yu-Lian , Gan Zi-Yu , Yang Cheng
Published: August 2022

This study focuses on the effective separation of cellulose from bamboo through a two-step process. Several organic alkalies 2-pyrrolidinone, ethylurea, dibutylamine, N-methylformamide and tetramethyl guanidine were used to remove lignin and isolate cellulose from massive bamboo. The results showed that tetramethyl guanidine can effectively remove lignin and hemicellulose while retaining almost all the cellulose in the residual solid. The removal of lignin and hemicellulose achieved 86.0% and 84.0% after heating for 3h at 150°C, respectively. Subsequently, the final remove of lignin and hemicellulose increased to 91.5% and 93.8%, respectively, after a simple alkaline H2O2 bleach treatment. Interestingly, the loss of cellulose was very small after two-step treatments, and 96.9% of the component was still retained. The crystalline increased from 61.3–68.4% in XRD graphs due to the remove of lignin and hemicellulose. The SEM images indicated that the diameter of cellulose bundles decreased from 80–100µm to about 50µm after organic alkali treatment, and then the fiber bundle was completely separated into a single long fiber with a diameter of about 10 µm after H2O2 bleaching. The FT-IR spectra confirmed the high selective removal of lignin and hemicellulose. Two-dimensional 1H-13C NMR (2D HSQC) spectra were analyzed to investigate the lignin structure, and found that only the signals of –OCH3, Cγ-Hγ in β-O-4' (Aγ) and β-β' (Cγ) structures and C5-H5 in guaiacyl (G5) did not disappear after two-step treatment.
Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci for Agronomical and Morpho-Physiological Traits Under Drought Environments in Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Sayed Haitham , Al-Yassin Adnan , Ceccarelli Salvatore , Grando Stefania , Stotz Henrik , Fitt Bruce DL , Baum Michael
Published: August 2022

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that severely limit barley production which is well adapted to drought conditions in the Mediterranean basin where the unpredictable climatic conditions, particularly rainfall, rainfall distribution and both high and low temperatures, may lead to dramatic decreases in yield. Landraces and wild species, represent an important source of variation for adaptive traits that may contribute to increased yield and yield stability under drought conditions. The study includes mapping of Quantitative QTLs for agronomical and morpho-physiological traits associated with drought tolerance. A total of 76 QTLs identified to 11 traits that describe grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, kernel weight, seed per head, days to heading, kernel filling duration, growth vigor, growth habit, lodging and plant height were mapped using RIL population Arta x Harmal-2//Esp/1808-4L which was evaluated at six dry and semi-dry areas over three years.The linkage map contained 254 markers (80 SSR, 174 AFLP) spanning 691cM. Eighty-Four markers’ loci (38 SSR and 46 AFLP) were used for QTLs mapping using the Simple Interval Mapping (SIM) and Simplified Composite Interval Mapping (sCIM). The QTLs which explained the largest part of the phenotypic variation in the dry areas (rainfall <250 mm) were found on the following chromosomes: 2H for biological yield, 1H for harvest index, 2H, 4H and 5H for kernel weight, 2H for days to heading, 1H for the duration of kernel filling period and plant height. While in the semi-dry areas (rainfall between 250- 400mm) QTLs were identified on chromosomes 6H for grain yield, 2H and 5H for kernel weight, 1H and 6H for seed per head, 2H for days to heading. Some of the QTLs were common to those in other published work and some QTLs seemed specific to this study. Chromosomes 1H, 2H, 4H and 5H harbor more than 60% of mapped QTLs for dry areas. For the first time, QTLs explained the variation for grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, kernel weight and days to heading in very dry areas with rainfall less than 150 mm. An understanding of coincidental locations of QTL for correlated phenotypes allows a genetic dissection of different traits and better prediction of the loci most amendable for selection in a breeding program. The identification of marker-trait associations provides suitable opportunities for marker-assisted selection of genomic regions to improve adaptation to low rainfall environments provided interactions with other loci and with the target environments are reasonably well understood.
Geodesics and natural complex magnetic trajectories on tangent bundles
Authors: Abbassi Mohamed Tahar Kadaoui , Amri Noura
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we investigate geodesics of the tangent bundle $TM$ of a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ endowed with an arbitrary pseudo-Riemannian $g$-natural metric of Kaluza-Klein type. Then considering a class of naturally defined almost complex structures on $TM$, constructed by V. Oproiu, we construct a class of magnetic fields and we characterize the corresponding magnetic curves on $TM$, when $(M,g)$ is a space form.
Optimal energy storage operation chart and output distribution of cascade reservoirs based on operating rules derivation
Authors: Zhu Yuxin , Zhou Jianzhong , Zhang Yongchuan , Jiang Zhiqiang , Jia Benju , Fang Wei
Published: August 2022

Energy storage operation chart (ESOC) has been one of the most popular method in cascade reservoirs conventional operation. However, the problem of distributing the total output obtained from the ESOC has not yet been solved reasonably. Discriminant coefficient method is a traditional method to guide the output distribution by determining the order of reservoir supply or storage, but cannot quantify the water used in operation. Thus, this study develops a new output distribution model using the polynomial fitting method and the artificial neural network (ANN) to express the functional relationship, which derive from deterministic optimization results of long-term runoff series with the goal of maximizing power generation. The cascade reservoirs of lower reaches of the Jinsha River in China are selected as a case study. By comparing with discriminant coefficient method and proposed method, the proposed method can rationally distribute the total output to avoid the problem of concentrated deserting water in downstream reservoirs, which usually happens in discriminant coefficient method. Generally, this study proposed an effective alternative method to guide the cascade reservoirs operation.
Serum vitamin D levels in lactating mothers and their exclusive breastfeeding infants with symptoms of rickets
Authors: Song Xiaohong , Liu Ying , He Yiping , Mi Yang , Wei Junxiang
Published: August 2022

Objective
To evaluate the vitamin D status in postpartum women during lactation and their exclusively breastfed infants with symptoms of rickets at 4–6 weeks after birth. Factors associated with breastfed infant serum vitamin D status were also determined.
Methods
One hundred and two exclusively breastfeeding infants with symptoms of nutritional rickets and their mothers were recruited in this study. Sociodemographic and clinical data including blood samples were collected during their visit to the children healthcare counseling clinic. Lactating mothers and their nursing infants were classified into sufficient, insufficient, and deficient according to serum 25(OH)D levels. Multivariate logistical regression model was used to analyses the final adjusted odds ratio and 95% CI.
Results
The prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency in lactating mother and exclusively breastfed infants were 8.7% and 40.2%, respectively. Final multiple logistic regression showed that infant daily vitamin D intake and body weight were statistically significantly associated with vitamin D status. Infant who had a vitamin D intake of > 400 IU per day (adjusted OR, 3.47; 95%CI, 1.06–11.30) was more likely to be vitamin D sufficiency. Infant with a higher body weight was associated with vitamin D sufficient status (adjusted OR, 2.01; 95%CI, 1.11–3.66).
Conclusions
Our study shows a very low prevalence of 25(OH)D sufficiency in lactating mothers, and a moderate vitamin D sufficiency in the exclusive breastfeeding infants with symptoms of rickets. Infant daily vitamin D intake and body weight were related to their vitamin D status. Findings of this study indicate the importance of vitamin D supplementation to maintain sufficient 25(OH)D levels in infants.
Medical students’ knowledge and attitude toward brain death and the influence of medical education: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Chang , Liu Shiqing
Published: August 2022

Background
The medical students’ knowledge and attitude toward brain death has not been investigated in China. The aims of this study were to assess the knowledge and attitude toward brain death among medical students in China and assess the influence of medical education on the knowledge and attitude.
Methods
An online questionnaire consisting of 17 questions was developed and completed by undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine in China Medical University. The students’ demographic data, knowledge and attitude toward brain death were collected and analyzed.
Results
A total of 1075 medical students participated in the survey, and 1051 of them completed the valid questionnaire. The exploratory factor analysis grouped the 17 items into four dimensions, which explained 63.5% of the total variance. These dimensions were named as knowledge (5 items), attitude (5 items), concern (3 items) and education (4 items) respectively. The global Cronbach α of the questionnaire was 0.845 and the Cronbach α of the four dimensions ranged from 0.756 to 0.866. The mean dimension scores of knowledge, attitude, concern and education was 3.67 ± 0.89, 3.67 ± 0.87, 3.10 ± 1.03 and 4.12 ± 0.12 respectively. The clinical students had a better knowledge than the preclinical students (P < 0.001). The clinical students had a more favorable attitude in stopping the treatment for a brain-dead family member and using the organs and/or tissues of brain-dead patients for transplantation (P < 0.001). The clinical students showed more concerns than the preclinical students (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the education between the clinical and pre-clinical students.
Conclusions
Most medical students in China had insufficient knowledge about brain death. Although their knowledge of brain death increased with their university degree, their attitude toward organ donation after brain death did not evolve accordingly. Their concerns about brain death increased with seniority. Most students had great education need about brain death.
Pitfalls in methods to study colocalization of nanoparticles in mouse macrophage lysosomes
Authors: Moreno-Echeverri Aura Maria , Susnik Eva , Vanhecke Dimitri , Taladriz-Blanco Patricia , Balog Sandor , Petri-Fink Alke , Rothen-Rutishauser Barbara
Published: August 2022

Background: In the field of nanoscience there is an increasing interest to follow dynamics of nanoparticles (NP) in cells with an emphasis on endo-lysosomal pathways and long-term NP fate. The accuracy of fluorescence microscopy methods has an important role in obtaining insights into NP interactions with lysosomes at the single cell level including quantification of NP uptake in a specific cell type. During our research on this topic, we encountered several pitfalls, which can bias the experimental outcome. We address some of these pitfalls and suggest possible solutions. Methods: Here we use J774A.1 cells as a model for professional phagocytes. We expose them to fluorescently-labelled amorphous silica NP with different sizes and quantify the colocalization of fluorescently-labelled NP with lysosomes over time. We focus on confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), due to its ability to obtain 3D spatial information and follow live cell imaging to study NP colocalization with lysosomes.Results: We evaluate different experimental parameters that can bias the colocalization coefficients (i.e, Pearson’s and Manders’), such as the interference of phenol red in the cell culture medium with the fluorescence intensity and image post-processing (effect of spatial resolution, optical slice thickness, pixel saturation and bit depth). Additionally, we determine the correlation coefficients for NP entering the lysosomes under four different experimental set-ups. First, we found out that not only Pearsons’, but also Manders’ correlation coefficient should be considered in lysosome-NP colocalization studies; second, there is a difference in NP colocalization when using NP of different sizes and fluorescence dyes and last, the correlation coefficients might change depending on live-cell and fixed-cell imaging set-up. Conclusions: The results summarize detailed steps and recommendations for the experimental design, staining, sample preparation and imaging to improve the reproducibility of colocalization studies between the NP and lysosomes.
An Intervention in Children Between 6 and 12 Years-Old Is Effective on Improving Diet Quality. The Alinfa Study
Authors: Andueza Naroa , Martin-Calvo Nerea , Navas-Carretero Santiago , Cuervo Marta
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of a new nutritional intervention focused on improving the quality of the diet in children aged 6 to 12 years.
METHODS
A 2-month parallel, controlled randomized trial was conducted. Children were randomized to ALINFA nutritional intervention which consisted of a normocaloric diet that incorporates products, ready-to-eat meals and healthy recipes specifically designed for the study, or to a control group, who received usual advice on healthy eating. Primary outcome of this study was diet quality, that was assessed with the KIDMED index. Secondary outcomes were anthropometry, body composition and biochemistry variables, and changes in diet and lifestyle.
RESULTS
In total, 55 volunteers completed the intervention, 44 on the intervention group and 11 in the control group. Mean score in the KIDMED index increased in the intervention group. Besides, a decrease in the intake of calories, total, saturated and monounsaturated fat, together with cholesterol and an increase in fiber intake were observed in intervention group. Regarding food groups, we observed a higher intake of white fish, pulses, whole grains and nuts and a lower intake of fatty meat, refined grains, pastries, fast food, sugars, and sweetened foods. Moreover, a significant decrease in BMI, BMI z-score, waist circumference and fat mass were observed. In biochemical variables, a reduction in LDL-cholesterol and leptin were observed. Participants in the control group did not report significant changes in diet quality, although an increase in weight, lean and muscular mass and insulin were observed.
CONCLUSION
The ALINFA nutritional intervention was effective to increase diet quality in children, which was associated with improvements on anthropometry.
Detecting Schizophrenia With 3D Structural Brain MRI Using Deep Learning
Authors: Guo Jia , Zhang Junhao , Rao Vish , Tian Ye , Yang Yanting , Acosta Nicolas , Wan Zihan , Lee Pin-Yu , Zhang Chloe , Kegeles Larry , Small Scott
Published: August 2022

Schizophrenia is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder that causes distinct structural alterations within the brain. We hypothesize that deep learning applied to a structural neuroimaging dataset could detect disease-related alteration and improve classification and diagnostic accuracy. We tested this hypothesis using a single, widely available, and conventional T1-weighted MRI scan, from which we extracted the 3D whole-brain structure using standard post-processing methods. A deep learning model was then developed, optimized, and evaluated on three open datasets with T1-weighted MRI scans of patients with schizophrenia. Our proposed model outperformed the benchmark model, which was also trained with structural MR images using a 3D CNN architecture. Our model is capable of almost perfectly (area under the ROC curve = 0.987) distinguishing schizophrenia patients from healthy controls on unseen structural MRI scans. Regional analysis localized subcortical regions and ventricles as the most predictive brain regions. Subcortical structures serve a pivotal role in cognitive, affective, and social functions in humans, and structural abnormalities of these regions have been associated with schizophrenia. Our finding corroborates that schizophrenia is associated with widespread alterations in subcortical brain structure and the subcortical structural information provides prominent features in diagnostic classification. Together, these results further demonstrate the potential of deep learning to improve schizophrenia diagnosis and identify its structural neuroimaging signatures from a single, standard T1-weighted brain MRI.
New insights on Noonan syndrome’s clinical phenotype: a single center retrospective study
Authors: Baldo Francesco , Fachin Alice , Re Beatrice Da , Rubinato Elisa , Bobbo Marco , Barbi Egidio
Published: August 2022

Background
Noonan syndrome (NS) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. Since its clinical phenotype is often mild and difficult to differentiate from other syndromes, its diagnosis can be challenging and its prevalence in the pediatric population is most certainly underestimated. The difficulty in identifying Noonan syndrome is also increased by the fact that genetic tests are currently not able to detect an underlying mutation in around 30% of the cases.
Methods
This is a retrospective observational study conducted at the Institute for Maternal and Child “Burlo Garofolo” in Trieste, Italy. We recruited all the patients with clinical and/or genetic diagnosis of NS who were evaluated at the Department of Pediatrics between October 2015 and October 2020. Statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics software. The association between discrete variables has been evaluated through chi-squared test, indicating statistically significant p with Pearson test or Fischer test for variables less than 5.
Results
We recruited a total of 35 patients affected by Noonan syndrome. In 24 patients (75%) we identified an underlying genetic substrate: 17 patients had a mutation on PTPN11 (61%), 2 in SOS1, KRAS and SHOC2 (7% each) and only 1 in RAF1 (4%). 25% of the subjects did not receive a genetic confirm. As for the phenotype of the syndrome, our study identified the presence of some clinical features which were previously unrelated to NS. For example, renal and central nervous system abnormalities, were found at a higher rate compared to the current literature. On the contrary, some features that are considered very suggestive of NS (such as lymphatic abnormalities and the classical facial features) were not frequently found in our population.
Conclusions
In our analysis, we focused on the main phenotypic features of NS, identifying various clinical manifestation that were not associated with this genetic condition before. This could be helpful in raising the knowledge of NS’s clinical spectrum, facilitating its diagnosis.
Importance of light alignment of on-road remote sensing technology on diesel emission measurements
Authors: Zhuang Yuan , Wang Zhongheng , Huang Yuhan , Zhai Rui , Wang Xiaohu
Published: August 2022

On-road remote sensing (RS) technology provides a rapid, cost-effective and non-intrusive tool to test vehicle emissions, which is gaining significant attention worldwide in recent years. RS systems are usually placed at a fixed height to test the emissions of all the passing vehicles. However, the tailpipe height varies among vehicles which may greatly affect the accuracy of RS tests. In addition, a key assumption of RS measurements is that the ratios of pollutants over carbon dioxides are constant for a given plume. So far, however, there is a lack of experimental investigation on these effects. Therefore, this study is conducted to investigate the effect of beam alignment of an RS system on the diesel emission tests. The experiments were performed using a diesel engine bench, whose emissions were tested simultaneously by a Horiba MEXA-7500 gas analyzer (serving as the comparison baseline) and a BLH-5000 on-road RS system. The experimental results show that in the three-dimensional space behind the exhaust tailpipe, the more accurate area for remote sensing technology tests along the direction of the measured light (x) is in the area 6m from the RS light source and receiver. In the direction of the exhaust discharge plume along the exhaust pipe (y), the test results do not vary much throughout the test range of 0 to 6m. In the height direction (z), when the height of the tested light is 0.3m, the area where the remote sensing technique is accurate is within the range of 0.2m to 0.4m. The relative concentration of CO tested by RS in this region has an error rate of only ± 5% with the CO concentration measured by the exhaust gas analyzer. Similarly, this indicator for HC is ± 10%, which is also smaller. Although this indicator is larger for NO, at 100%, the NO test error in this region is also the smallest in the entire test area.
Research on the relationship between Hakka Tulou in Fujian and red soil
Authors: Yang Sheng , Yang Yi , Qi Jiayi , Xu Chenghong , Huang Zaojia , Lu En , Wu Ling , Gan Qiaohua
Published: August 2022

This article proposes to analyse the characters of Hakka Tulou(Earthen Buildings) in Fujian provenience of China. Through comprehensive analyses, this research will apply theoretical concepts to the practical situation. This study will examine size, space patterns, and functions of Tulou buildings. Tulou is a kind of traditional building, so this study needs to analysis it’s special character. Integrating the living culture of traditional Hakka Tulou buildings with modern society’s need, probing into how to preserve these traditional buildings in the future.
¿What did we learn from Convalescent plasma treatment in a COVID-19 patient two-time kidney transplanted? A case report from the viral and immune response evolution perspective
Authors: Aldunate Fabian , Fajardo Alvaro , Rammauro Florencia , Daghero Hellen , Arce Rodrigo , Ferla Diego , Pereira-Gomez Marianoel , Ibañez Natalia , Salazar Cecilia , Iraola Gregorio , Pritsch Otto , Bollati Mariella , Hurtado Javier , Tenzi Jordan , Bianchi Sergio , Nin Nicolas , Moratorio Gonzalo , Moreno Pilar
Published: August 2022

Background: COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, can provoke a vast range of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic to potentially life-threatening complications. At the beginning, convalescent plasma therapy has been proposed as an effective alternative to treat severe cases. The aim of this study was to follow over time a two-time renal transplanted COVID-19 severe patient treated with convalescent plasma from an immunological and virologic perspective.Case presentation: A 42-year-old female patient, two-time kidney transplanted was hospitalized with COVID-19. Due to worsening of respiratory symptoms, she was admitted to the intensive care unit where she received two doses of convalescent plasma. Conclusion: We analyzed the dynamics of viral load in nasopharyngeal swab, saliva and tracheal aspirate samples, before and after convalescent plasma transfusion. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and antibody titers were also measured in serum samples. A post-treatment decrease in viral load was observed to be sharp in saliva and nasopharyngeal swab samples, and slight in tracheal aspirate samples. Furthermore, we evidenced an increase of antibody titers post transfusion, accompanied with a decrease of several cytokines responsible of the cytokine storm.
What is the correlation between Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and the image appearance of MRI, CT, and CBCT findings in TMJ? A systematic review
Authors: Hara Giovana Felipe , de Souza-Pinto Gustavo Nascimento , Brasil Danieli Moura , Poluha Rodrigo Lorenzi , Iwaki Lilian Cristina Vessoni , Iwaki-Filho Liogi , Haiter-Neto Francisco
Published: August 2022

Objective: To investigate the relation of the appearance of signs in the MRI, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and conventional computed tomography (CT) images of TMJ from patients with JIA using conducting a systematic review.Materials and methods: Electronic searches in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, and The Cochrane Library were conducted to identify studies investigating JIA and imaging findings. Inclusion criteria were: original articles studies based on humans and systematic reviews, studies enrolling patients with less than 18 years with diagnostic of JIA, use of ILAR criteria and one type of image exam (MRI, CBCT, or CT), and papers in the English language.Results: Six studies fulfill the eligibility criteria: four used MRI and two CBCT and all analyzed imaging findings in pathological TMJ with JIA. The results showed that enhancement of the synovial membrane, condylar erosions, and flattening are the most prevalent imaging findings of JIA.Conclusion: MRI exams are more specific in anomaly detection in TMJ in comparison to CBCT and CT. Also, the results must be correlated to clinical signs to provide a correct diagnosis.Clinical Relevance: This study indicates the most prevalent imaginological signs of JIA to provide early and correct diagnosis for the disease.
Stability Analysis of Periodic Solutions of Bonhoeffer Van-der-pol System With Applied Impulse
Authors: Eze Everestus Obinwanne , Obasi Uchenna Emmanuel , Urama Thomas
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the stability analysis of periodic solutions of Bonhoeffer Van der Pol system with applied impulse was investigated using Lyapunov direct method. Through the use of appropriate values of the control parameters, three equilibria points and periodic solutions of the system were obtained. A Lyapunov candidates which depended on the parameters were constructed. Hence, we concluded that the equilibria points have different regions of stability and instability of the system in which the two regions were found to be stable. Furthermore, Mathcad software was used to analyze the behavior of the system, thereby improving known results in literature.Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 34B15, 34C15, 34C25, 34K13
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Coeliac, Hepatic and Superior Mesenteric Arterial Variants
Authors: Johny Jovis , K Shreyas Reddy , George Arun , S Nidhi , Philip Babu
Published: August 2022

Purpose: With the advent of new hepato-biliary interventions, preoperative assessment of coeliac, hepatic, and mesenteric arterial anatomy has now become a necessity for surgeons and interventional radiologists. The primary aim is to avoid or minimize the ischemic complications that could occur during surgeries such as liver transplants, abdominal interventions etc. This study was undertaken to evaluate the variants in coeliac, hepatic, and superior mesenteric arteries based on CECT abdomen. Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years (2020- 2021) on 388 patients who underwent CECT abdomen for evaluation of the above-mentioned variants.Results: 14 types of CM trunk and 11 types of hepatic artery variants were identified in this study. Anatomical variations in CM trunk and CHA were seen in 6.4 % and 7.7 % respectively. The average diameter of the coeliac artery was found to be 6.6 mm, common hepatic artery was 5.04 mm and superior mesenteric trunk was 6.6 mm. In cases with variant coeliac -SMA axis, the average diameter of the coeliac trunk was 5.7 mm while the average arterial diameter of the hepatic artery in CHA variants was 4.38 mm.The pathological variations found in the study were: MALS/ Dunbar syndrome, SMA compression syndrome, aortoarteritis and nutcracker syndrome.Significant correlation was noted between presence of CHA and coeliac -SMA axis variations i.e., the patients with CHA variation were 3.38 times more likely to have coeliac-mesenteric arterial variation.The diameters of common hepatic and coeliac artery was noted to be reduced in cases with anatomical variations (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION - There is an association of coeliac -mesenteric artery variations with common hepatic arterial variations. Another correlation was found between the arterial diameters in cases with variant anatomy versus normal cases in the study population. No significant association between pathological variants like median arcuate ligament syndrome, SMA compression syndrome etc. with normal hepatic /CM trunk variations.Attempt was also made to describe the newly found variations in these target vessels, not previously characterized in the standard classification system.
Chemical Reaction and Viscous Dissipative Effects on Buongiorno’s Nanofluid Model Past an Inclined Plane
Authors: Reddy Sivaram , Gaffar S. Abdul
Published: August 2022

Nanofluid thermal usage has considerably enhanced heat and mass transfer characteristics, which are critical across various engineering industries. Numerous dynamic applications in renewable energy and thermodynamic engineering issues benefit from the study of nanofluids. In this paper we discuss the chemically viscous dissipative transport of Buongiorno’s nanofluid across an inclined plane considering the Brownian movement and thermophoresis effects. The governing equations and the related boundary conditions are normalized using the non-similarity transformation approach, and the relevant variables and corresponding non-similarity solutions are shown to summarize the transpiration parameters. The mathematical solutions are obtained using the Keller’s Box technique. For various thermo-physical parameter values, the numeric results are provided both physically and quantitatively. The graphical impacts of different thermos physical factors on momentum, energy, nanoparticle volume fraction concentration, skin friction, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number are examined and well argued. The outcomes are well associated when compared to previously published literature.
Acetyltransferase NAT10 regulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote colorectal cancer progression via ac4C acetylation of KIF23 mRNA NAT10 promotes CRC progression
Authors: Jin Chi , Wang Tuo , Yang Peng , Zhang Chuan , Peng Wen , Zhang Dongsheng , Jin Kangpeng , Wang Lu , Zhou Jiahui , Peng Chaofan , Tan Yuqian , Ji Jiangzhou , Chen Zhihao , Sun Qingyang , Yang Sheng , Tang Junwei , Feng Yifei , Sun Yueming
Published: August 2022

Background: N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) as a significant RNA modification has been reported to maintain the stability of mRNA and to regulate the translation process. However, the roles of both ac4C and its ‘writer’ protein N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) played in the disease especially colorectal cancer (CRC) are unclear. At this point, we discover the underlying mechanism of NAT10 modulating the progression of CRC via mRNA ac4C modification.Methods: The clinical significance of NAT10 was explored based on the TCGA and GEO data sets and the 80 CRC patients cohort of our hospital. qRT-PCR, dot blot, WB and IHC were performed to detect the level of NAT10 and ac4C modification in CRC tissues and matched adjacent tissues. CCK-8, colony formation, transwell assay, mouse xenograft and other in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to probe the biological functions of NAT10. The potential mechanisms of NAT10 in CRC were clarified by RNA-seq, RIP-seq, acRIP-seq, luciferase reporter assays, etc. Results: The levels of NAT10 and ac4C modification were significantly upregulated. Also, the high expression of NAT10 had important clinical values like poor prognosis, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, etc. Furthermore, the in vitro experiments showed that NAT10 could inhibit apoptosis and enhance the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells and also arrest them in the G2/M phase. The in vivo experiments discovered that NAT10 could promote tumor growth and liver/lung metastasis. In terms of mechanism, NAT10 could mediate the stability of KIF23 mRNA by binding to its mRNA 3’UTR region and up-regulating its mRNA ac4c modification. And then the protein level of KIF23 was elevated to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and more β-catenin was transported into the nucleus which led to the CRC progression. Besides, the inhibitor of NAT10, remodelin, was applied in vitro and vivo which showed an inhibitory effect on the CRC cells.Conclusions: NAT10 promotes the CRC progression through the NAT10/KIF23/GSK-3β/β-catenin axis and its expression is mediated by GSK-3β which forms a feedback loop. Our findings provide a potential prognosis or therapeutic target for CRC and remodelin deserves more attention.
Role of International Academy of Cytology Yokohama reporting system in breast lesions at a tertiary care center in Central India
Authors: Verma Deepshikha , khademi Nilufar , Mahabadi Mohammadjavad Ashrafi , Newaskar Vedanti , Balani Sharda , Malik Reeni , Khan Arshi
Published: August 2022

Background: The International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama System to report breast cytopathology can effectively categorize breast diseases into different cytological groups. Fine needle aspiration (FNAC) from the lesions in the breast has been regarded as an effective method of diagnosing breast cancer, particularly in rural settings. The principal purpose of this study was to validate the diagnostic accuracy of breast FNA utilizing the IAC Yokohama system in future endurances. Histopathological evaluation was also performed to corroborate the correctness of the FNA of the breast.Methods: Research on patients getting core-needle/incisional/excisional biopsy of breast lesions between January 1st, 2021, and December 31st, 2021, was conducted at a tertiary care center in central India. 216 breast FNAs were recorded utilizing the IAC Yokohama system, and the most appropriate category was assigned for every case.Results: The new “International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama system” was used to categorize 216 patients into five categories based on the cytologic diagnosis. That C1: insufficient material (8.7%), C2: benign (65.7%), C3: atypical (1.8%), C4: suspicious of malignancy (2.7%), and C5: malignant (20.8%). To examine diagnostic accuracy, FNACs were associated with ancillary testing and histological diagnosis. The overall specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value, along with the accuracy, were calculated with the risk of malignancyConclusion: With high specificity and sensitivity, for each type of situation, for all tumors, and each analyzed BIRADS category show that the IAC Yokohama system provides excellent accuracy for Breast FNA.
Quality Assurance Awareness in Higher Education in China: Big Data Challenges
Authors: Zhang Ruihua , Zhou Jincheng , Hai Tao , Zhang Shixue , Iwendi Marvellous , Biamba Cresantus , Anumbe Noble
Published: August 2022

The quality assurance of higher education in China is an issue of vital international interest. To improve the international reputation of the nation’s universities, steps must be taken to ensure a sustained focus on the quality assurance within its ranks. This paper is primarily focused on the quality assurance models operational in Chinese universities, the Big data challenges and the legal framework backing them. The paper also discusses the implementation of the models, the extent to which they meet international standards, and how they adhere to prevailing laws. The degree of success in attaining and maintaining quality and evaluation of quality improvement opportunities are also discussed. Some of the solutions recommended in this study are the participation of more teachers and students in quality management, more emphasis of Higher Education Institution (HEI) quality assurance on self-regulation and a learning-oriented approach and conducting sessions to collect anonymous feedback from students to reward staff with best practices. Some of the Quality Assurance practices/models adopted in Chinese Universities are the Ministry of Education (MOE) reviews; the Academic Degree Committee oversight; Higher Education Evaluation Center (HEEC) overview, University self-evaluation according to the HEEC Table 1 Indicators, and the Webometric Ranking Model.
Behavior of Energy Ratios Under Higher-order Mdd at Distinct Media
Authors: Barak M. S. , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Rajneesh , Gupta Vipin
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a novel mathematical model of orthotropic piezothermoelastic half-space under the reference of three-phase lags heat transfer law with higher-order memory-dependent derivatives (HPS) underlying a thermoelastic half-space (TS). Thermoelastic plane waves involving longitudinal P wave, thermal T wave, or transversal SV wave propagating via TS medium and hitting at the interface x3 =0 results in three waves reflected in the TS medium and four waves transmitted in the HPS medium. Amplitude ratios are determined at the boundary interface x3 =0 and used to obtain the energy ratios of various reflected and transmitted waves. It is noticed that these ratios are under the impact of phase lags, higher order MDD parameters, frequency of the waves, and other physical parameters involved in the model. The balance law of energy conservation is justified. Graphically illustrated the impact of higher order memory-dependent derivatives parameters on the energy ratios variation with the incidence angle. Some unique cases of interest are also deduced