bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Coalition Game for Overlay D2D Spectrum Sharing in Cellular Networks
Authors: Gbenga-Ilori Abiodun O
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we present a Bayesian coalition game model for spectrum sharing in order to increase the overall spectrum resource capacity in a cellular network with device-to-device (D2D) communication capabilities. The coalition game is used to enforce cooperation among D2Ds competing for the use of the limited spectrum resource. In this paper, D2D users can access the network in an overlaid mode and share their allocated sub-bands with other D2D users using the proposed game which enables coalition formation that guarantee an optimal rate for all users in the network. The paper establishes sufficient conditions needed for stability in the coalitions formed and present simulation results to show that it is possible to increase the overall capacity of the D2D-enabled cellular network without reducing the performance of the licensed cellular users using the proposed game. D2D spectrum sharing using our proposed algorithm was compared with spectrum sharing using the random pairing method to validate our game model. Results show that there was a 44% and 36% increase in cell sum-rate, when our proposed sub-band allocation game was deployed compared to the random pairing method, for the 50  and 100 cells respectively. The proposed sub-band allocation game also performed better with an increased number of users in the network because of the effective coordination offered by the algorithm.Keywords— Cellular, coalition game, D2D, overlay, spectrum.
Eutectic composition of selected phase change materials for thermal energy storage applications
Authors: Isamotu Olakunle F , Musa Nicholas A , Aluko Joshua B , Oriaifo Maclawrence A
Published: September 2020

Latent heat storage in salt mixture has drawn so much attention because of the salt mixture’s capability of storing   large quantity of heat when compared to single salt thereby, making it more feasible for use as phase change material.  However it is worthwhile to find out among various combination of salts forming eutectic   mixtures, the one that has the best energy storage capability by evaluating   and comparing their melting points and latent heat storage. So in this research work, four different types of eutectic mixture of   salts were prepared and experimentally   investigated for the best thermal energy storage capability.  The first eutectic mixture consists of 2.6g of LiNO3, 6.4g of NH4NO3   and 1g of NaNO3. The second eutectic mixture consists of1.75g of LiNO3,   3.9g of NH4NO3 and 1.1g of KNO3. The third one consists of 5.2g of   LiNO3, 13.7g   of NH4NO3 and 1g of NH4Cl) and the fourth one consists of 1.77g of LiNO3, 2.94g of NH4NO3,  1g of NaNO3 and 1g of NaCl. The latent heat and the melting point of the respective salt and their eutectic mixture were determined using digital differential scanning Apparatus.  The results obtained showed that the melting points and latent heats of  the first, second, third and fourth eutectic mixture  were 79.50C and 112kJ/kg,  80.50C and 114kJ/kg,  81.40C and 109kJ/kg,  84.40C and 119kJ/kg respectively.  In view of this, the eutectic mixture of 1.77g of LiNO3, 2.94g of NH4NO3, 1g of NaNO3 and 1g of NaCl with melting point of 84.40C and latent heat of 119KJ/Kg was found to possess the best thermal energy storage capability compared to others..Keywords—Eutectic mixture, Salts, Phase change materials (PCM), Latent heat storage
Anti-Corrosion Behaviour of Silver-Cobalt Oxide-Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites Coated Mild Steel in Sea water
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammed , Agboola Joseph B , Abdulkareem Ambali S , Adedipe Oyewole , Tijani Jimoh O
Published: September 2020

The research work investigates the corrosion resistance of Silver-Cobalt Oxide-Titanium Dioxode (Ag/Co3O4/TiO2) nanocomposites coated mild steel (AISI 1020) in seawater environment. The coatings were carried out by dipping method. The nanoparticles were individually produced by mixing the salt precursors with extract of Piptadeniastrum africana leaf under the optimized synthesis conditions. The Ag/Co3O4/TiO2 nanocomposite was produced by mixing Ag, Co3O4 and TiO2 NPs in equal proportions to constitute 75 wt% of the composite. 10 wt % epoxy resin and its hardener in the ratio (1:1) were added to serve as the binder, while 15 wt% of CNT was introduced to serve as support. Phase and Microstructural examination of the coatings was carried out by XRD and HRSEM. The corrosion protection properties were determined by using computer- controlled EGG 273A Potentiostat with three- electrode cell system under static laboratory conditions using the linear potentiodynamic polarization method.  The coated sample was dried at temperatures of 100oC to enhance adherence of the coating on the steel substrate. The result of Tafel polarization plots revealed improved corrosion resistance of the coated specimen as compared to as-received sample. Corrosion rate and corrosion resistance of 0.201 m/y and 195.12 Ω were recorded against the coated sample while 0.261 m/y and 71.42 Ω were recorded for the as-received sample respectively. The coated sample exhibited higher potential shift in the positive direction and showed better corrosion resistance properties.Keywords- Nanocomposite, Mild steel, Corrosion, Potentio-Dynamic polarization, Seawater.
Efektifitas Terapi Kognitif, Psikoedukasi Keluarga Dan Terapi Kelompok Suportif Pada Klien Dengan Ketidakberdayaan Melalui Pendekatan Model Transisional Meleis
Authors: Kusumadewi Berlian Nurtyashesti , Daulima Novy Helena Catarina , Wardani Ice Yulia
Published: September 2020

Gangguan mental emosional dapat terjadi pada individu yang mengalami kondisi kesehatan yang kronis. Pasien yang sedang menjalani pengobatan medis ditemukan 25% diantaranya mengalami depresi dengan berbagai variasinya. Proses penyakit yang melemahkan juga merupakan hal yang berperan menyebabkan ketidakberdayaan klien dengan penyakit kronis. Ketidakberdayaan dan gejala depresi menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dan positif dengan ide untuk bunuh diri. Hasil pemberian tindakan keperawatan ners, terapi kognitif, psikoedukasi keluarga dan terapi suportif dapat menurunkan tanda gejala dan meningkatkan kemampuan klien penyakit kronis dengan ketidakberdayaan beserta keluarganya. Perlunya optimalisasi dan pengembangan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa kepada klien dengan masalah psikososial terkhusus klien dengan ketidakberdayaan di tatanan pelayanan puskesmas.Kata kunci: penyakit kronis; pelaku rawat; dukungan keluarga; dukungan sosial; depresi
Implementasi Electronic Health Records (Ehrs) Pada Pelayanan Kesehatan Di Komunitas: Literature Review
Authors: Wijaya Rafika Dora , Rahman La Ode Abd
Published: September 2020

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) memiliki peran penting dalam usaha pengawasan kesehatan populasi. EHRs dalam pelayanan komunitas memudahkan untuk mengakses data kesehatan, pengkajian dan pengawasan. EHRs berbasis populasi memudahkan untuk memperkirakan prevalensi penyakit dalam populasi.  Indonesia terus mendorong penerapan EHRs dalam meningkatkan pelayanan kepada masyarakat.Tujuan dari penulisan ini untuk mengetahui berbagai manfaat, kelebihan, kekurangan EHRs dalam kesehatan komunitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah literature review  yang berfokus pada pemanfaatan EHRs di kesehatan komunitas. Penerapan EHRs memiliki banyak manfaat terhadap peningkatan kesehatan masyarakat. Indonesia sudah menggunakan Electronic Health Records (EHRs) sebagai salah satu layanan kesehatan, akan tetapi penerapan EHRs terus didorong untuk mendapatkan manfaat yang lebih besar. Kata kunci: EHRs, RME, electronic health records, rekam medis elektronik, pelayanan primer, primary care
PERSONAL BIOLOGY TEACHING EFFICACY BELIEFS AND BIOLOGY TEACHING OUTCOME EXPECTANCY OF IN-SERVICE ELEMENTARY TEACHERS
Authors: Tzovla Eirini , Kedraka Katerina
Published: September 2020

The role of the teacher is of great importance in learning and his beliefs affect effectiveness of teaching in every cognitive object. This paper deals with the personal self-efficacy beliefs and the outcome expectancy of in-service teachers teaching biological concepts in Primary School. The study was conducted with 509 in-service elementary teachers and the bio-STEBI-A, which is an adaptation of STEBI-A, was used as the data collection instrument. The results of our survey indicated that in-service elementary teachers scored moderate self-efficacy and their personal self-efficacy beliefs were found to be greater than their outcome expectancy. Recommendations are made for future research.

 

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Depressive disorder and quality of life in patients with cerebral microangiopathy
Authors: Vorob’eva O. V. , Fateeva V. V.
Published: September 2020

The association between depressive disorder and quality of life of middle-aged patients with cerebral microangiopathy has not been fully investigated.

Aim. Study the association between the depression level and quality of life (QOL) in patients with cerebral microangiopathy.

Materials and methods. In outpatients 45–59 years old (n = 262, 42% men, 58% women) with cerebral microangiopathy and depression, the level of anxiety was assessed using the HADS-A scale, QOL — using the SF-36 questionnaire. According to the severity of depression (HADS-D subscale), the following were distinguished: group 1 (n = 116) — 8–10 points (subclinical) and group 2 (n = 146) — ≥11 points (clinical). To analyze the data used: t-test, correlation coefficient, logistic regression model; odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results. In group 2, the average anxiety score on the HADS-A scale was 14.3 ± 4.6 points, and for anhedonia was – 10.4 ± 4.2 points, which is statistically significantly higher than in group 1: 10.1 ± 4.2 and 7.1 ± 2.6 points, respectively (p < 0.05). The overall QOL score was statistically significantly lower in group 2: according to the physical component of health, 52.4 ± 26.5 vs. 88.8 ± 43.5 in group 1 (p < 0.05) and psychological component 38.5 ± 19.4 vs. 70.8 ± 35.8 in group 1 (p < 0.05). Depression, anxiety and anhedonia are associated with a negative effect on the overall QOL: r = −0.84 (p < 0.05), r = −0.81 (p < 0.05), r = −0.87 (p < 0.05), respectively. This association does not depend on age, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus: OR for depression was 2.1; 95% CI (1.8–2.4), p < 0.05; anxiety — 1.9; 95% CI (1.2–2.2), p < 0.05; anhedonia — 2.3; 95% CI (2.1–2.7), p < 0.05, respectively.

Conclusion. Clinically significant depression reduces noticeably QOL. An increase in the severity of affective symptoms leads to a deterioration in both the psychological and physical components of QOL. Decreased QOL does not depend on age, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (clinical case)
Authors: Ilina Yu. V. , Fedorova T. A. , Loshchits N. V. , Vanhin V. V.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPKMP) is a rare cause of heart failure (CHF) in healthy women during pregnancy and within 5 months after delivery.

Case report. A 33-year-old female patient, a native of Tajikistan, first developed shortness of breath and edema of the lower extremities at the 35th week of her third pregnancy. Cesarean section was performed at 39 weeks. Symptoms progressed within 3 months of the postpartum period, hepatomegaly, ascites and hydrothorax appeared. Echocardiography revealed heart chambers dilation, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (26%), diffuse hypokinesis. The diagnosis of PPCM was established. Perindopril, bisoprolol, spironolactone, furosemide, bromocriptine, heparin were prescribed. The severity of HF symptoms decreased significantly during 12 days of treatment.

Discussion. PPCM is a diagnosis of exclusion. Myocarditis, dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy were considered in the differential diagnosis. The factors associated with increased risk of PPCM were age over 30 years, multiparity, preeclampsia. The clinical effect of bromocriptine confirms the diagnosis.
Option Pricing: Channels, Target Zones and Sideways Markets
Authors: Kakushadze Zura
Published: September 2020

After a market downturn, especially in an uncertain economic environment such as the current state, there can be a relatively long period with a sideways market, where indexes, stocks, etc., move in channels with support and resistance levels. We discuss option pricing in such scenarios, in both cases of unattainable as well as attainable boundaries, and obtain closed-form option pricing formulas. Our results also apply to FX rates in target zones without interest rate pegging (USD/HKD, digital currencies, etc.).
PENGALAMAN ISTRI DALAM PEMENUHAN SEKSUALITAS SUAMI DENGAN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS
Authors: Muniroh Siti , Haryanto Joni , Widyawati Ika Yuni
Published: September 2020

Pendahuluan: Gagal  Ginjal  Kronik adalah penyakit dimana ginjal mengalami kerusakan yang progresif dan irreversible. Salah satu terapi pengganti ginjal adalah hemodialisis. Permasalahan akibat penyakit gagal ginjal kronik dengan hemodialisis diantaranya masalah seksualitas. Masalah seksualitas belum mendapatkan perhatian dari pemberi pelayanan kesehatan dan klien atau pasangan hemodialisis jarang melaporkan masalah seksualitas kepada petugas kesehatan. Perlu digali bagaimanakah pengalaman istri dalam pemenuhan seksualitas suami dengan gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisis. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan  kualitatif  tipe penelitian studi kasus Intrinsik. Partisipan berjumlah 5 orang yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Instrumen penelitian berupa panduan wawancara terstruktur. Peneliti juga menggunakan metode observasi dengan cara melakukan pencatatan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini mengidentifikasi tujuh tema. Pengetahuan istri tentang seksualitas, pengetahuan istri tentang perubahan akibat penyakit gagal ginjal kronik, respon terhadap penampilan, perasaan dan gejolak emosional yang dirasakan, upaya yang dilakukan untuk memenuhi seksualitas, pola aktifitas seksual, dukungan dan harapan untuk klien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisis. Diskusi: Klien dengan gagal ginjal kronis yang menjalani hemodialisis membutuhkan pemenuhan seksualitas. Istri harus memahami tentang cara dan upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk memenuhi seksualitas. Diperlukan kerja sama antara klien, istri dan petugas kesehatan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada istri supaya dapat memenuhi seksualitas kepada klien sehingga kualitas hidupnya menjadi lebih baik.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN PERPISAHAN DENGAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SANTRI DIPONDOK PESANTREN DARUSSALAM DESA NGESONG SENGON JOMBANG
Authors: Triwibowo Heri , Khoirunnisyak Khoirunnisyak
Published: September 2020

Student life / of student at traditional muslim school while studying at muslim boarding school is full of difficulty. Starting from academic difficulty, financial difficulty, sociocultural difficulty, surroudings difficulty etc, the difficulties will be more felt for students or students at traditionsl muslim school who are far from family or come from om threats to know the realitiship of searation unkiety level with parents to motivations to learn students on traditional muslim school Darussalam, ngesong sengon village, Jombang. The research design that is used is correlational analysis of population in this research is of all students on traditional muslim scool in class 1 junior high school and 1 high school in Sengon Village Jombang, Jombang Regency with sample resources 80 people, the technique using total sampling Independent variable in this research is anxiety and dependent variable Is the motivation, Data Analysis, Editing, coding, scoring Tabulating and cross tabulation. Based on the results of research can be concluded than half of respondents have moderate anxiety as many us 51people (63.8%). Half of respondent's motivation is moderate as many us 40 people (50%). The students on traditional muslim scool who have severe anxiety most 7 people (100%) have a weak motivation. This means that the more severe anxiety, the weaker the motivation to learn in students on traditional muslim scool There is anxiety relationship Farewell to Parents about Motivation Learning Students In Darussalam boarding school Ngesong Sengon Village Jombang. The new students on traditional muslim enter the boarding school should be active in following the activities at the boarding school, developing hobby and follow extracurricular in boarding school.
A Case Study on Boeing's 737 MAX Crisis on Account of Leadership Failure
Authors: Bhattacharya Subhendu , Nisha Y.
Published: September 2020

American multinational corporation Boeing is one of the reputed organizations in the field of aerospace manufacturing. Since its inception by William Boeing in Seattle, Washington in July 15th, 1916, it has surpassed several milestones and grown from strength to strength. It started its venture in areas such as designing and crafting airplanes, rotorcraft, rockets, satellites and also stepped into production of telecommunications equipment, missiles and made a mark in every field of operation. It has a revered status in Dow Jones Industrial Average and made a glaring presence in the Fortune Global 500 list. But the global recognition got eclipsed after fatal crashes in October 2018 and March 2019. Boeing 737 Max planes remained grounded across the world for more than a year. The culpability was overlooking of safety features, hiding the new anti-stall system from pilots, circumvention of standard certification rigours by Federal Aviation Administration, in the hustle of launching ill-prepared product into the market to beat arch rival Airbus. Product malfunction also hinted at systematic problems that needed to be addressed. The company thereby faced lawsuits and claims for compensation. The investigations by FBI began and the House and Senate panels too joined in the foray. Losses worth billions of dollars had been incurred along with displacement of trust and support of loyal customers, severe decline in share price and market capital and ignominy for being short-sighted and lackadaisical in its approach. The outbreak of global pandemic led to further delay in their recovery as demand for fuel efficient 737 Max plummeted due to fall in oil price and delay or cancellation by airlines in buying Boeing planes without being penalised.
Relevance of Blockchain in the Global World
Authors: Thakur Chandan , Katiyar Vipul Kumar , Kumar Sonu
Published: September 2020

The academic and business community discusses the research avenues and practical implementations of blockchains continuously with the ongoing growth and implementation of blockchain technologies. The blockchain also has its advantages in the economy, manufacturing, medical and other industries. Most view Blockchain as a perturbing key technology. Although several academics have recognized the importance of blockchain, blockchain technology is still in its early stages. The latest academic literature on blockchain in industry and economics is therefore analyzed in this article. We identify the most high-quality articles, active countries and most popular keywords based on a comprehensive analysis of literature published on the Web of Science. In addition to that, the clustering analyses are carried out, and the following study areas has been identified: 'economic gain,' 'blockchain technology,' 'initial coin offerings’, 'fintech innovation’ and 'sharing economies’.
Sexual Assault against Women of Color
Authors: Olive Victoria Catherine
Published: September 2020

This paper approaches the issue of sexual assault against women of color from an intersectional perspective. By analyzing the current body of research on the subject, I argue that women of color's experience of sexual assault is fundamentally different from that of White women for multiple reasons. While the available research does explain certain aspects of women of color's experiences, additional research is necessary in order to improve our understanding of and the care we provide for women of color who have been sexually assaulted. Because women of color have been subjugated to a long history of racism and socioeconomic forces, such as poverty and lack of services, in the United States, a better, more refined technique is needed that can address their multi-faceted and complicated experiences. This paper also outlines how this technique can be achieved and what it would look like in practical and professional applications.
Immunohistochemistry of the Vasopressin Receptor AVPR V2 in Rat Brain
Authors: Clites Garrett A. , Keller Karen Lee
Published: September 2020

Vasopressin hormone, found in most mammals, plays a key role in the homeostasis of water and solute concentration in the blood.  There are three known subtypes of vasopressin receptors, each with unique tissue distributions.  Arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (AVPR V2) has been identified in mammals in the kidney, lung, and various regions of the brain.  Binding of vasopressin to the AVPR V2 receptor has been associated with antidiuresis and decreased cardiac output as well as various social behaviors in several mammal species.  The purpose of this study was to determine whether the AVPR V2 receptor is present in rat brain, and if present, to identify the specific brain region and cell type expressing the receptor.  Frozen, preserved rat brain was sectioned on a cryostat and processed with rabbit polyclonal AVPR V2 and biotinylated goat polyclonal secondary antibody to rabbit IgG.  Staining of antibody treated sections revealed AVPR V2 receptors were present on Purkinje cell axons and cells bodies in the cerebellum.  These data suggest that the cerebellum of rats may be an important regulatory site of vasopressin functions.
Short Term Effects of Grazing Sheep on Agroforestry based Pasture
Authors: Garnett Tiffany , Whitaker Brian , Goodman Ashley , Casey Sarah , Goff Kathrine
Published: September 2020

The efficacy of producing sheep by grazing on agroforestry based pasture in relation to growth, breeding traits, and impacts on the pasture were investigated.  Sheep were placed on traditional or agroforestry grazing pasture and experiments determined growth rates, organic material and nitrogen concentrations of the soil, forestry utilization, and female breeding traits.  There were no significant differences between the growth traits.  There was significantly higher organic material from the agroforestry vs. the traditional pasture.  The nitrogen content from the agroforestry without sheep was significantly higher compared to the other plots.  The percent of understory cover on the agroforestry plot was significantly less compared to a control.  There were no significant differences in sexual receptivity or pregnancy rates in the ewes, but the lambing rates of the agroforestry was significantly higher than the traditional pasture.
The Role of Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and D-Cycloserine in Remediating Social Behavior in Rats with Amygdala Lesions
Authors: Scanlan Kristina Lauren , Gittis Alan , McGovern Robin
Published: September 2020

Autism is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication and social behavior.  To reduce the social deficits characteristic of autism, the compounds oxytocin, arginine vasopressin, D-cycloserine, and D-cycloserine + oxytocin were explored as therapeutic agents.  Twenty-one Long Evans Hooded rats underwent a bilateral amygdala lesion, which reduced the time of social interactions between the pairs of animals.  Upon administration of D-cycloserine, the social deficits induced by the lesions were significantly reversed in both sexes.  In addition, it was observed that the efficacy of the treatments was affected by the sex of the subjects.  Male rats had the largest increase in social behavior when given D-cycloserine.  However, female rats experienced the largest reduction in social impairment when administered oxytocin.  Thus, sexually dimorphic treatments should be further investigated for individuals with autism spectrum disorders.
Perceptions about Cholesterol among a Hispanic Population and Intent to Behavior Change after Intervention
Authors: Alikhan Mir , Sorensen William
Published: September 2020

Purpose: This research aimed at studying perceptions about cholesterol in Hispanics, and uncover, if they were willing to make lifestyle changes because of cholesterol and its effects on health.Methods: Qualitative: Interviews were conducted with five participants from a Northeast Texas community based organization. Quantitative: Pre and post surveys were given to eighty-three different participants, conveniently chosen from the community based organization. A paired sample t-test was used to compare the responses. Results: The qualitative study showed that it was hard for people to make the time to exercise due to busy work schedules and majority of them ate greasy food cooked in lard at home.The quantitative study showed that people were willing to make lifestyle changes after the intervention: They were more likely to consider getting their cholesterol tested at least once a year (p<.000), exercise at least three times a week (p<.000) and eat a balanced diet consisting of fruits and vegetables (p<.000). Conclusion: Participants weren’t clear on the effects of cholesterol on health before the intervention. There was an overwhelming positive response after the intervention where people were willing to make lifestyle changes. These changes included eating a balanced diet, exercising at least three times a week, and getting cholesterol tested at least once a year
Stability Analysis of FitzHugh-Nagumo with Smooth Periodic Forcing
Authors: Massaro Tyler James , Esham Benjamin F.
Published: September 2020

Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley received the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology for their work describing the propagation of action potentials in the squid giant axon.  Major analysis of their system of differential equations was performed by Richard FitzHugh, and later by Jin-Ichi Nagumo who created a tunnel diode circuit based upon FitzHugh’s work.  The resulting differential model, known as the FitzHugh-Nagumo (FH-N) oscillator, represents a simplification of the Hodgkin-Huxley (H-H) model, but still replicates the original neuronal dynamics (Izhikevich, 2010).  We begin by providing a thorough grounding in the physiology behind the equations, then continue by introducing some of the results established by Kostova et al. for FH-N without forcing (Kostova et al., 2004).  Finally, this sets up our own exploration into stimulating the system with smooth periodic forcing.  Subsequent quantification of the chaotic phase portraits using a Lyapunov exponent are discussed, as well as the relevance of these results to electrocardiography.
A Sociological Study of Graffiti in Seville, Spain
Authors: Bunting Amanda Marie
Published: September 2020

In Seville, Spain graffiti is so prevalent that it creates the background of the city. The artists are rarely seen due to the heavy fines imposed by local government. The illegality of graffiti leaves the artists to live within a deviant subculture of their own. This study analyzes graffiti found in Seville, as well as data from nine qualitative interviews with artists from Spain. Commonalties of this subculture as well as differences from American artists were found and discussed.
Exploration of the Hemispheric Differences in Number Processing of the Brain
Authors: Walters Aaron Wyland
Published: September 2020

Abstract The current study explored how reaction time and accuracy differed in the left and right visual fields by altering various dot clusters in both number and organization. Researchers have hypothesized that the left hemisphere uses counting to judge small, disorganized clusters of objects accurately and that the right hemisphere uses estimation to judge clusters organized in geometric shape accurately. The current study tested both visual fields of participant’s with organized and unorganized clusters of dots. Dots were clustered between 3 and 12. The clusters were presented on separate sides of a computer screen to analyze visual field differences in counting and estimation. A central target was presented on the screen to maintain central focus for the visual fields. Data from 40 participants (30 men, 10 women) from a small liberal arts college indicated that when clusters reached between 7 and 8 dots, organization in the right visual field created inaccuracy in judgment. Reaction time data indicated that as number level increased, reaction time slowed. Reaction time data also showed that organization slowed reaction times in both visual fields. These data indicated that different numerical judgment abilities do exist within the hemispheres.
The Effects of Thunder, Stereotyping, and Cognitive Load on Impression Formation
Authors: Struthers Devon , McMinn Jamie
Published: September 2020

The current study examined the effect of stereotypes and stolen thunder on impressions of a person who committed a crime. One hundred twenty undergraduate students from a small private college in rural western Pennsylvania participated in an impression formation task. Participants were given either a 2 digit or a 16 digit number to memorize, followed by a short vignette featuring an African American man whose traits were either consistent or inconsistent with current stereotypes. It was either revealed by the narrator (thunder) or the man (stolen thunder) that he had been convicted of assault. Participants also completed the Need for Cognition scale. A two-way interaction between stereotype consistency and thunder condition emerged. Mainly, when the man was stereotype inconsistent, participants found him to be less guilty than when he was stereotype consistent if he did not reveal the information himself. Future research should focus on the interaction between stolen thunder and stereotype information.
Effectiveness of Food Sustainability Education among Grade School Students
Authors: Luehr Loran Mary , Smith Sylvia
Published: September 2020

Increasingly, the human population is having an impact on the environment.  Educating younger generations on sustainability issues may make a difference.  This project’s goal was to raise awareness and change attitudes toward food sustainability issues by creating an effective education program for elementary age students.  The project was a four-week interactive program focusing on local foods, gardening, recycling, and world hunger.  Participants included 85 elementary age students from two local schools in southern Illinois.  To determine the program effectiveness, a within-subjects, repeated measures design was utilized to compare mean scores of participants.  Pre and post-program surveys were completed regarding awareness, attitudes, and behaviors toward the topics taught during the program.  PASW (Version 18.0) was used to analyze the data.  The level of significance was established at p<0.10 because of the exploratory nature of the research.  Results indicated that the program was most effective with fourth grade students.  Fourth grade had significant change in understanding world hunger, effects on the world around them, Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) and stores carrying more local foods.  Eighth grade had significant change in effects on the world around them and understanding CSA.  Sixth grade students had significantly higher mean scores in understanding CSA.  The positive results with the youngest age group suggests that food sustainability programs introduced to this age through interactive programs can be effective at changing awareness and attitudes. The lack of positive results with the sixth and eighth grade students should be researched further.  Future sustainability projects should focus on finding the most effective hands-on techniques to increase student awareness of food and the environment.
Pancreatic Cancer and Awareness
Authors: Trofemuk John Vince
Published: September 2020

Pancreatic cancer affects thousands of people every year throughout the world, killing more than ninety-five percent of its victims within the first five years. Life expectancy upon diagnosis is generally only four to six months. There are many risk factors associated with pancreatic cancer, the most prominent of which is a genetic mutation.  Specific symptoms indicating pancreatic cancer do not typically appear until it is in stage IV. At this point a cure is nearly impossible.  The aim of this paper is to bring to light the risk factors and the general signs and symptoms that are associated with pancreatic cancer. It is hoped that by increasing awareness of the risk factors and educating the public regarding early signs and symptoms we can increase pancreatic cancer detection and cure rates.
Estrogen Differentially Affects Expression of Calcium Handling Genes in Female and Male Adult Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Mu Xiaojing , Harvey Pamela
Published: September 2020

Premenopausal women have a lower risk of developing heart disease compared with postmenopausal women and age-matched men. However, the debate about whether estrogen is cardioprotective is ongoing due to conflicting results from basic science and clinical trials as well as signaling pathways that make interpretation of effects difficult. Calcium handling in the contracting cells of the heart, the cardiomyocytes, is one of the most important pathways involved in heart function. We sought to determine if calcium-handling genes are regulated by estrogen in a sexually dimorphic manner to explain differences in heart health between men and women.  Cardiomyocytes were isolated from the hearts of healthy male and female rats and were treated with different doses of estrogen (300pM, 10nM). Expression of a set of calcium handling genes was then measured to determine the effect of estrogen. Our results demonstrate that estrogen differentially regulates calcium-handling genes in female and male cells, an effect that is also dose-dependent. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine expression of this comprehensive set of calcium-handling genes in response to estrogen and to consider its effects separately on cardiomyocytes isolated from males and females.
Amyl Nitrites and Sexual Behavior
Authors: Cheng David Tian En
Published: September 2020

This paper looked into the abuse of inhalable nitrites, mainly amyl nitrites, commonly known by the street name of poppers. This paper compiled several studies of nitrite inhalant abuse and the risk associated with the sexual practices that may concur. The paper explores first, the history and true intentions of nitrite inhalants, then the increasing abuse mainly within the homosexual community, and the legitimacy of the link of nitrites and the HIV/AIDS epidemic.  Various studies discussed in the paper will show that there is no legitimate link between poppers increasing the chance of HIV/AIDS but it is the unsafe sexual practices that occur with poppers that lead to various sexually transmitted diseases. The dangers of inhalable nitrites come from legal loopholes, use with other drugs such as Viagra, and the nature of unsafe sexual practices mostly within the homosexual community.
Exploring the Relationship between Trunk Adiposity and Trunk Flexibility
Authors: Ward TaNiqua
Published: September 2020

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between trunk adiposity and trunk flexibility among adults.  Methods: A total of 29 participants, male (n=11) and female (n=18) participants between the ages of 19 and 84 years. The participants were recruited from the University of Central Oklahoma daily email news service. The bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) was used to calculate percent body fat and body mass index (BMI). Three circumference measurements were taken on each participant: waist, abdomen, and hips. The two inclinometers were placed on the sacroiliac joint (S1) and thoracic 12 (T12) to measure trunk flexion and extension. Trunk flexibility was measured as the difference between the two reading at full flexion or extension. Results: The Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation was used to analyze the results. There was a significant negative relationship between trunk flexion correlated with abdomen circumference (r= -.49, p= .01) and hip circumference (r= -.39, p= .03). There was a non- significant relationship observed between trunk flexion and WHR (r= -.10, p= .62) and waist circumference (r= -.35, p= .06). There was a non-significant relationship observed between trunk extension and WHR (r= -.07, p= .71), waist circumference (r= .17, p= .38), abdomen circumference (r= .07, p= .71), and hip circumference (r= .29, p= .13). Trunk flexion was not correlated to BMI (r= -.27, p= .15) and body fat percentage (r= -.29, p= .14). A significant relationship was found between trunk extension and BMI (r= .38, p= .04). Trunk extension and body fat percentage (r= .02, p= .92) did not have a significant relationship. Conclusion: Abdomen and hips are most beneficial when measuring circumferences for trunk adiposity. It was found that trunk flexion has a greater relationship with trunk adiposity than trunk extension.
Gender Preferences in Classroom Aesthetics
Authors: Cherenfant Sybile
Published: September 2020

Male and female students on the Robert Morris University campus were asked to complete a survey to analyze aesthetics in classrooms. Their answers helped determine what each gender found the most important in his or her learning environment, and whether female students were or were not the most aware of their aesthetic environment.
Biodiversity of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria in Mercury-Contaminated Beaver Ponds at Avery Brook
Authors: Kaminsky Rachel Anne , Sirois Sara , Merritt Robert , Katz Laura
Published: September 2020

Beaver ponds act as mercury sinks, exhibiting favorable conditions for the production of neurotoxic methylmercury by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRBs), a group of bacteria that are characterized by function (sulfate reduction) rather than phylogeny.  This study was conducted to explore the diversity of SRB communities inhabiting microenvironments at the sediment-water interface in one beaver pond located on the Avery Brook stream system in the Conway State Forest.  Clone libraries were constructed in order to capture some of the diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria as well as a biogeographic pattern.  Though the clone libraries did not reveal a biogeographic pattern, the results showed an unprecedented amount of SRB diversity in all sampled microenvironments.
Mathematics Behind Image Compression
Authors: Franco Stefany , Prince Tanvir , Salva Ildefonso , Windolf Charlie
Published: September 2020

This research paper is written in the summer of 2013 while conducting a summer research funded by NYCRI, NASA, NSF, NOAA and Department of Education. The team consists of four members, a faculty, an undergraduate student, a high school teacher and a high school student. The research topic is “image compression” and more precisely the mathematics behind image compression. Image compression is fundamental to NASA and the world’s daily operations. Images are transmitted to NASA from satellites and even Mars, making it very important to send data as efficiently as possible through the low-bandwidth links to these locations. This project focuses its studies in three areas. First, a hands-on mathematical analysis of the singular value decomposition (SVD) compression.  Second, on the area of two field experiments that explore the effect of light conditions, shot composition and content, as well as the time of day and other variables on the file sizes of images generated in a digital camera that implements JPEG compression.  Third, is about an in-depth study of the JPEG algorithm. In the SVD study, the team analyzed mathematically how matrices are manipulated to return to its equivalent original matrix and the theory about SVD is reinforced by using the software Wolfram Mathematica to compress images from NASA satellites and Mars rover.  Mathematica analyzed the file size and timing data for the compression process. In the field experiment, a camera with fixed focus, aperture, and other shooting parameters was used to take pictures at various times of day of the same scene to see how the amount and quality of daylight influenced JPEG’s ability to compress images. The same camera with the parameters still fixed was used to shoot various locations, indoors and outdoors, at the same time of day to see how the content of the photo influenced JPEG file sizes. Finally, the team looked at JPEG’s compression algorithm using Wolfram Mathematica to better understand its efficiency and power, since NASA’s radiation-hardened computer processors are generally not powerful enough to compress images with JPEG. Loosely, the team found that JPEG is best able to compress images with little variation pixel to pixel in color or brightness, and that it provides better looking images at the same file size than SVD compression.
Rocket Science: An Investigation of Magnum ROCKET SCIENCE on Memory, Athletic Performance, Endurance, and Energy
Authors: Conley Nicholas , Campisi Jessica
Published: September 2020

This small pilot study used a double blind, between-subject, experimental design for the goal of investigating Magnum ROCKET SCIENCE and assess its claim to enhance memory, athletic performance, endurance, and energy.  The placebo and the experimental groups performed four separate measures for each of the dependent variables.  Memory was measured using a short-term memory test.  Athletic performance was measured using repetitive exercise.  Endurance was measured through exercise eliciting 70% of VO2 max.  Energy was measured through a subjective questionnaire.  All the results were recorded and compared to baseline assessments.  Once the ten participants (N = 5 per group) completed two full sessions, the results were scored and significant differences were noted: Memory t (7.26) = p < 0.05, Athletic Performance t (6.04) = p < 0.05, Endurance t (6.43) = p < 0.05, and Energy t (4.78) = p < 0.05.  There was zero adverse effects experienced with the use of the supplement.  It was concluded that the participants taking ROCKET SCIENCE had a significant increase in memory, athletic performance, endurance, and energy when compared to the placebo group.  ROCKET SCIENCE was shown to be reasonably safe with no side effects reported and may help athletes reach their individual training goals related to the product’s claims while performing similar exercises.
Medical Malfunction: How Health Administrators can Become More Receptive to the LGBT Community
Authors: Murphy Anthony
Published: September 2020

What companies have begun to see over the past few years is the slow destruction of the metaphorical closet the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community has been confined to for the past century.  Now that the federal government has taken a proactive stance against discrimination in the workplace based on sexual orientation and gender identity, it will be up to health administrators to implement their own policies that will assist employees and management in being more receptive to the needs of their LGBT workers.  Here, you will find several procedures and strategies that can be put into practice by hospitals and clinics that make for a much more sensitive work environment. Combining these strategies into the culture of the workplace will increase productivity and decrease employee conflict and ostracizing among LGBT employees.
Evaluation of a Modified Habitat Suitability Index Model for Eastern Brook Trout: Implications for Efficient Habitat Assessment
Authors: Favata Carl Anthony , Christensen David R. , Thompson Robert , McKeown Kelly Anne , Hanselman Jennifer A.
Published: September 2020

Species-specific habitat suitability models have potential for use in restoration efforts, but their efficiency still remains in question. As eastern brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, populations in New England have declined over the last few decades as a result of anthropogenic and natural impacts on critical habitat, habitat suitability models have become a common tool for conservation efforts. These models, however, have inherent flaws that prevent widespread and uniform use. To better adapt these models, the flaws must be properly addressed. Using a modified habitat suitability index (HSI) model developed for eastern brook trout, we explained the correlation between catch per unit effort (CPUE) of brook trout with designated HSI variables such as temperature, dominant substrate type, and percent riffle fines for nineteen reaches within the Westfield River watershed. CPUE was not significantly correlated with HSI outputs. A principal components analysis (PCA) was employed and revealed driving factors within the system. Four variables were shown to yield the highest explained variance over the first two axes: velocity, instream cover, percent pools, and thalweg depth. Evidence suggests that habitat assessment based around these core variables may lead to a more efficient and accurate assessment. Recommendations for improved methodologies include revised tolerance curves, a reworked index rating system, and revised model variables based on current field research. Alterations to existing models provide hope for more accurate assessment, and increased efficiency in conservation efforts.
The Effect of Increased Intracellular Calcium on the Localization of the Catabolic Subunit of Telomerase, hTERT, in HeLa Cells
Authors: Diffendall Gretchen M. , Resendes Dr. Karen K.
Published: September 2020

In cancer cells, telomeres are constantly repaired by telomerase allowing them to avoid reaching a critical length where the cell becomes senescent.  Overtime, aerobic respiration in the mitochondria can create an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) that causes telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catabolic subunit of telomerase, to exit the nucleus.  Without hTERT in the nucleus, telomerase cannot function to repair telomere ends, inducing senescence.  One effect of increased ROS production is the activation of calcium channels leading to an increase in intracellular calcium.  We attempted to mimic this ROS induced increase in intracellular calcium levels by administering  0.5uM of Thapsigargin to HeLa cells in order to determine if an increase in calcium levels alone would be sufficient to cause hTERT to exit the nucleus.  Immunofluorescene was used to visualize fluorescent intensities of hTERT in the nucleus after administration of the drug in conjunction with visualization of Ran as an indicator of functional nuclear transport.  We predicted thapsigargin would disrupt nuclear transport and cause hTERT to exit the nucleus.  Image J software was used to compare nuclear fluorescence intensities between treated and control cells.  Our results indicated that administration of thapsigargin caused a significant decrease in nuclear levels of hTERT in conjunction with decreased nuclear levels of Ran.  Our findings could provide a potential method to induce cellular senescence in cancer cells by inducing mislocalization of hTERT and Ran.