bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisión de las conductas desleales desplegadas en la cadena agroalimentaria
Authors: Vázquez Ruano Trinidad
Published: June 2024

La mejora de la competencia en el ámbito agroalimentario es uno de los objetivos que definen la Política Agraria Común (PAC). Las progresivas modificaciones que ha experimentado dicha Política se han focalizado en la calidad alimentaria, la protección del medio ambiente y la mejora de las relaciones comerciales. En términos similares, se han definido las propuestas legislativas presentadas por la Comisión durante el periodo 2021-2027 que tratan de conseguir un sector agrícola sostenible y en el que se favorezca la competitividad. Siendo fundamental, al objeto de este trabajo, la atención a las prácticas comerciales de los empresarios en el mercado agroalimentario y de los que forman parte de la cadena de distribución de dichos productos. En concreto, las cuestiones referidas a los comportamientos desleales que afectan a los intereses de los competidores, de los consumidores y del resto de sujetos participantes en este sector.
Prawne pojęcie obszarów wiejskich i jego kształtowanie pod wpływem polityki Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Goździewicz-Biechońska Justyna
Published: June 2024

The aim of this article is to define the legal meaning of the term "rural area" and to present the main concepts of this notion that function in law, taking into account the influence of EU policies, especially the Common Agricultural Policy, on their formation. The author analyses the different concepts of rural areas in law, and focuses on three main ones: the administrative, the functional and the comprehensive one. She concludes that it is difficult to define rural areas unambiguously and in a manner that would be universally accepted within the entire legal system. This is because there are various interpretations determined by the objectives of their delimitation and the specificity of legal regulations. The comprehensive concept of rural areas is considered to be the most broadly understood. Furthermore, the author notes that the changes in the conceptualisation of rural areas in law (including agricultural law) and in European Union policy reflect the directions of socio-economic and cultural changes taking place in the rural community.
Płatność do powierzchni upraw konopi
Authors: Łata Monika
Published: June 2024

The aim of the considerations is to determine the legal nature of the payments for areas cultivated with hemp in the light of EU and national law and to formulate an answer to the question whether the legal construction of this payment is in line with the objectives of the Common Agricultural Policy drawn for the period 2023-2027. It has been established that these payments have a conditional character. Indeed, the legislator burdens the agricultural producer with the risk of not receiving any area payments on the area of cultivation of hemp since support is determined by the percentage content of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the cultivated variety of hemp, which is variable and de facto independent of the farmer. This contradicts the objectives of the CAP, such as promoting fair farm incomes and the resilience of the agricultural sector across the Union, or increasing market orientation and ensuring the competitiveness of farms. The author notes the inconsistency of the Polish regulation of fibre hemp with EU law. It is therefore proposed that the definition of "eligible hectare" in relation to hemp in EU law be clarified, and the EU method for verifying the Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol content in the Polish legal order in a comprehensive manner be implemented, alongside with the adaptations of the provisions of the Act on Counteracting Drug Addiction to the new conditions.
Engineered living materials: pushing the boundaries of materials sciences through biological engineering
Authors: Muñoz-Guamuro Geisler , Baños Miguel , Becker Jan , Weber Wilfried
Published: June 2024

Biological engineering is enabling disruptive innovations in biopharmaceutical research, in the bio-based and sustainable production of chemicals, in decarbonization, energy production, or bioremediation. Recently, the transfer of technologies from biological engineering and synthetic biology to materials sciences established the concept of engineered living materials (ELMs). ELMs are defined as materials composed of living cells that form or assemble the material itself or modulate the functional performance of the material. ELMs enable the sustainable production of materials as well as the design of novel material properties and functions that have so far been beyond the realm of technical materials. In this contribution, we give an overview of how ELMs can offer innovative and sustainable solutions to overcome current boundaries in materials science.
A bio-engineering approach to generate bioinspired (spider) silk protein-based materials
Authors: Bargel Hendrik , Scheibel Thomas
Published: June 2024

Natural materials exhibit unique properties from the molecular to the macro scale. Utilizing biological engineering approaches, they can act as a blueprint for novel and sustainable solutions in material science and technology. This paper focuses on spider silks, exemplifying a high-performance biopolymeric fibrous material with exceptional mechanical properties, high biocompatibility, slow biodegradation, low immunogenicity, and, in some cases, microbe-repellent features. In-depth understanding of the molecular structure-function relationship has facilitated the development of engineered recombinant silk proteins. In combination with biomimetic processing, they can be used for technical as well as biomedical applications.
Façade greening – from science to school
Authors: Aduse-Poku Minka , Niels Wibke , Pacini Annalisa , Großschedl Jörg , Edelmann Hans Georg , Schlüter Kirsten
Published: June 2024

The growing need for cities to adapt to anthropogenic climate change has ushered into a new paradigm where architecture synergistically meets nature. Façade greening may help to take over multifunctional ecosystem services that impact on city residents’ well-being as well as on building energy budget. In recent studies on façade greenings, we demonstrated a cooling effect in summer, an insulation effect in winter and a Nitrogen dioxide absorption potential. Introducing this knowledge into school by offering project days led to longer-term changes in students’ knowledge, but not in their environmental attitudes. The latter will probably require constant reminders such as a series of project days focusing on environmental issues, bioengineering solutions and personal adaptation strategies.
Impact of “3414” fertilization on the yield and quality of greenhouse tomatoes
Authors: Wu Chunyan , Han Xiaoyi , Cheng Yan , Wang Xueke , Wang Wei
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to explore the effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratios on the yield and nutritional quality of greenhouse tomatoes under a water and fertilizer integration model. Greenhouse tomatoes were used as the research object, and the “3414” fertilizer trial design was employed to assess tomato growth, yield, quality, and soil indicators across various treatment combinations. The goal was to determine the optimal fertilization scheme and recommend appropriate fertilizer quantities for tomato cultivation and production. The results revealed that different fertilizer ratios significantly affected both the quality and yield of tomatoes. Overall, the tomato yield tended to increase with higher fertilization amounts, with potassium exhibiting the most pronounced effect on yield increase, followed by phosphorus and nitrogen. The comprehensive analysis of principal components indicated that the N2P2K1 treatment yielded the highest nutritional quality and yield. Therefore, the best fertilization combination identified in this study consisted of nitrogen fertilizer at 197.28 kg hm−2, phosphorus fertilizer at 88.75 kg hm−2, and potassium fertilizer at 229.80 kg hm−2. These findings provided the scientific basis for optimizing fertilization practices in greenhouse tomato cultivation and production in the Jilin Province.
Determination of heavy elements in agricultural regions, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdallah Alnuwaiser Maha
Published: June 2024

This study utilized an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (model ICPE-9000) to determine the concentrations of Mo, Hg, Cd, Be, Co, V, Se, Ti, As, Cr, Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Pb elements in the soil samples, and estimate its ratio compared to the standard global percentages. Several indices were employed, including enrichment factors, pollution load index, and accumulation index. The concentration of heavy metals in the soil samples was below the average concentration found in the soil. However, there were exceptions for five minerals, Cd, Mo, As, Se, and Hg, which had concentrations exceeding the average. The potential contamination or elevated levels of these heavy elements in soil could have implications for plant growth and environmental quality. In the soil, the pH levels were from 5.1 to 6.4, with an average pH of 5.8, and electrical conductivity ranged from 2.14 to 7.89 µS/m. The highest total dissolved solids found in the Qassim region were 1,710 mg/L, and lower values were observed in the Medina region. Furthermore, this study noted a high concentration of Cl– anions, with the highest concentration of 283.9 mg/L in the soil of the Qassim region, indicating the presence of chloride ions in the soil. This study will provide great benefits to the agricultural community in Saudi Arabia regarding the metals and behavior of the soils concerning the crops.
Sheaf quantization from exact WKB analysis
Authors: Kuwagaki Tatsuki
Published: June 2024

A sheaf quantization is a sheaf associated to a Lagrangian brane.
By using the results of exact WKB analysis, we sheaf-quantize spectral curves over the Novikov ring under some assumptions on the behavior of Stokes curves.
For Schrödinger equations, we prove that the local system associated to the sheaf quantization (microlocalization a.k.a. abelianization) over the spectral curve can be identified with the Voros–Iwaki–Nakanishi coordinate.
We expect that these sheaf quantizations are the object-level realizations of the

ℏ

\hbar

-enhanced Riemann–Hilbert correspondence.
Blame, Policy Feedback, and the Politics of Student Debt Relief Policy
Authors: SoRelle Mallory E. , Laws Serena
Published: June 2024

Less than 1 year after President Biden announced a sweeping plan to reduce – and in many cases eliminate – the student loan burden for the 46 million Americans who hold educational debt, the Supreme Court ruled the proposal unconstitutional in Biden v. Nebraska. Media accounts immediately speculated about whether the Court’s actions would spell trouble for the President’s reelection efforts, presuming that voters would punish Biden for a perceived policy failure. Despite, or perhaps because of, these concerns, the administration has continued to pursue student debt forgiveness through other means, and highlighting these efforts has been a key component of the president’s re-election strategy. Prior research suggests that Democrats, and the president in particular, stand to benefit electorally from pursuing student debt relief. But did the Supreme Court’s decision to block the president’s plan change who voters hold accountable for the problem of student loan debt? And to what extent is the issue motivating voters from different constituencies in 2024? This study leverages insights from an original survey experiment fielded in August 2023 to explore the dynamics of blame attribution for federal student debt cancellation efforts. We find that, contrary to media speculation, voters place much greater blame on the Supreme Court and congressional Republicans for the problem of student debt, while President Biden receives relatively little blame. We consider the implications of these findings for the short-term electoral politics of student debt relief policy as well as the increasingly salient politics of debt relief more broadly.
The Environment Can Save the Country: How Advancing Environmental Justice Can Improve Biosecurity
Authors: Adeeso Benjamin
Published: June 2024

The present article investigates the connection between environmental justice and biosecurity. Environmental justice is simply the improvement of environmental conditions for vulnerable populations. Biosecurity is the field that implements different measures that have the intended purpose of preventing the introduction and/or spread of harmful pathogens. The author provides a quick history of the creation of environmental law and subsequently describes the event that occurred in Afton, North Carolina that led to the creation of the concept of environmental justice. Next, the author establishes a nexus between environmental justice and biosecurity through describing the biosecurity issues with laboratories located in Boston, Massachusetts (MS) and Galveston, Texas (TX). The author also discusses the Flint, Michigan water crisis to provide a clear picture of how poor environmental conditions contribute to the harmful spread of pathogens. Lastly, the author provides a possible solution of emphasizing safety measures to promote optimal environmental conditions for vulnerable populations which in turn will strengthen biosecurity.
On normal subgroups in automorphism groups
Authors: Möller Philip , Varghese Olga
Published: June 2024

We describe the structure of virtually solvable normal subgroups in the automorphism group of a right-angled Artin group

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

.
In particular, we prove that a finite normal subgroup in

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

has at most order two and if Γ is not a clique, then any finite normal subgroup in

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

is trivial.
This property has implications for automatic continuity and

C
∗

C^{\ast}

-algebras: every algebraic epimorphism

φ
:

L
↠

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\varphi\colon L\twoheadrightarrow\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

from a locally compact Hausdorff group 𝐿 is continuous if and only if

A
Γ

A_{\Gamma}

is not isomorphic to

Z
n

\mathbb{Z}^{n}

for any

n
≥
1

n\geq 1

.
Furthermore, if Γ is not a join and contains at least two vertices, then the set of invertible elements is dense in the reduced group

C
∗

C^{\ast}

-algebra of

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

.
We obtain similar results for

Aut
⁢

(

G
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(G_{\Gamma})

, where

G
Γ

G_{\Gamma}

is a graph product of cyclic groups.
Moreover, we give a description of the center of

Aut
⁢

(

G
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(G_{\Gamma})

in terms of the defining graph Γ.
III. Der Schwabenspiegel als norddeutsches Kaiserrecht
Authors: Oestmann Peter
Published: June 2024

The essay examines late medieval discussions concerning ‘Kaiserrecht’ (Imperial Law, Emperor’s Law) in northern and eastern Germany. A closer look at the municipal law of Lüneburg (1401) with its different layers of customs, book of statutes, ‘Kaiserrecht’ and Canon law shows clearly the problem. Notwithstanding the close similarity to the learned concept of the theory of the statutes, the Lüneburg source did in fact not follow the erudited hierarchy of particular law and civil law. The city possessed some manuscripts of the so called ‘Schwabenspiegel’ (Swabian Mirror) and the ‘Kleines Kaiserrecht’ (Emperor’s Little Law) which were both, contemporarily, denominated as ‘Kaiserrecht’.
IV. Das Einlager. Forderungsdurchsetzung in der Frühen Neuzeit zwischen Autonomie und Heteronomie
Authors: Fischer Carsten
Published: June 2024

In medieval and early modern Germany, the Einlager (lat. obstagium) was a widespread practice of private debt enforcement. Parties stipulated that in case the debtor defaulted, contractually agreed on persons, usually the debtor and/or sureties along with members of their retinue, would confine themselves to given premises, usually a public house, for as long as the debt was left unpaid. During that time, all costs for boarding and lodging were to be borne by the debtor. This legal institution was meant to increase the economic pressure on the debtor and keep him from pursuing his usual private and professional life. Voluntarily agreeing to the Einlager, publicly committing to a debt as well as submitting to slander should the debtor not turn himself in all hinged on contemporary codes of honour – the debtor vouched his personal honour when he took on him the possibility of the Einlager. At the same time, the Einlager itself was perceived to leave personal honour intact. This meant that it was popular in cases in which distraint for debt proved difficult; particularly noble debtors and cities found it to be acceptable. However, increasing economic pressure on an already defaulting debtor had always been viewed sceptically. During the course of the 16th century, criticism of the Einlager grew more intensive and new facets were added to it. Prolonged stays in pubs, sometimes in excess of a year, were now deemed detrimental to public as well as private morality. More importantly, the Einlager as a means of private, autonomous debt enforcement that used personal honour as a leverage point was increasingly perceived as a challenge to early modern concepts of territorial lordship, as it ignored governmental jurisdiction. Early modern German legislation addressing the issue introduced a new argument: It criticized that those employing the Einlager made themselves judges in their own causes. Assailed on all sides, the Einlager thus quickly fell into disuse around 1600. Only in a few northern German regions it was moderated by legislation and employed well into the 19th century.
V. Aufbruch in die Moderne? Der Humanismus und die Jurisprudenz des 16. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Jansen Nils
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the notion of ‘legal humanism’, i.e. the encounter between jurisprudence and fundamental ideas of Renaissance humanists. Legal historians are fundamentally divided over the impact of humanistic thought on legal development. While some influential authors regard the insights and ideas of Renaissance humanists as largely irrelevant to legal thinking, others identify a group of ‘legal humanists’ and describe them as modernisers whose innovative forms of ‘humanistic’ legal thinking initiated developments that ultimately led to modern law. In view of this debate, the article analyses writings of Valla, Budé, Zasius, Alciato and other humanists in their historical contexts. It will be shown that these authors cannot be properly described as ‘modernisers’ as they did not advance new ideas that transformed legal thinking. Nevertheless, the conceptions of time and the philological insights of Renaissance humanism irritated established forms of scholastic legal thinking and made jurists reflect on their scholarship. The new forms of legal thinking that emerged from those 16th-century discussions did not make use of specifically humanistic, philological techniques, but should rather be seen as specifically legal responses to the humanistic irritation.
X. „Eycke von Repkow war kein Revolutionär“ – Festrede von Hilde Benjamin am 28. Juni 1959 im Eike-von-Repgow-Dorf Reppichau
Authors: Lück Heiner
Published: June 2024

The village Reppichau in Sachsen-Anhalt, situated near the towns Dessau, Köthen and Aken (former principality of Anhalt), is closely connected with Eike von Repgow – the author of the most famous mediaeval German law book “Saxon Mirror” (Sachsenspiegel). The law book was written by him between 1220 and 1235. Based on this fact, representatives of science, politics and justice periodically organized in collaboration with the villagers anniversary celebrations, for example 1934 (700st year of the death of Eike von Repgow) and 1959 (800st year of the first documented mention of the village Reppichau). So it happened that the minister of justice of the German Democratic Republic (GDR), Hilde Benjamin (1902–1989), held a keynote speech in Reppichau on 28 June 1959. She was one of the leading representatives of the ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany during the early years of the GDR. She became famous as a presiding judge in political show trials with court rulings including exceptionally harsh punishments up to the death penalty. This women, who was also known as “Red Hilde” or “Bloody Hilde”, used the opportunity of her speech in Reppichau in order to integrate Eike von Repgow, the Saxon Mirror and the villagers into the ruling ideology of the early GDR. Furthermore, she attacked the NATO in general and the Federal Republic of Germany in particular with propaganda phrases. The text of this speech, representing an interesting example of contemporary legal history, is edited here for the first time based on an original copy.
The right of re-measurement of settlements in the Middle Ages in the light of the legal practice of Bohemia and Silesia in the 13th and 14th centuries
Authors: Fokt Krzysztof , Klír Tomáš
Published: June 2024

During the High Middle Ages, hereditary land tenure prevailed throughout East-Central Europe, often in a formalised manner based upon the ius emphyteuticum, whereby peasants were guaranteed a stable amount of land rents to be paid to landlords. There was, however, a legal institution that enabled the landlords to practically renegotiate original settlement contracts without openly violating them, in order to increase their income: the law of re-measurement of settlements (ius mensurationis). On examples from Silesia and Bohemia we have demonstrated that the landlords used this means plentifully, either directly through its actual implementation, or indirectly by renouncing their claims for payment. We have also hypothesized on the rationale and origin of the ius mensurationis, analyzed who could raise claims based upon it, and commented on the formulas related to this legal institution, which may be found there in Silesian and Bohemian charters.
Hierarchical Gradients of Encoded Spatial and Sensory Information in the Neocortex Are Attenuated by Dorsal Hippocampal Lesions
Authors: Demchuk Aubrey M. , Esteves Ingrid M. , Chang HaoRan , Sun Jianjun , McNaughton Bruce L.
Published: June 2024

During navigation, the neocortex actively integrates learned spatial context with current sensory experience to guide behaviors. However, the relative encoding of spatial and sensorimotor information among cortical cells, and whether hippocampal feedback continues to modify these properties after learning, remains poorly understood. Thus, two-photon microscopy of male and female Thy1-GCaMP6s mice was used to longitudinally image neurons spanning superficial retrosplenial cortex and layers II–Va of primary and secondary motor cortices before and after bilateral dorsal hippocampal lesions. During behavior on a familiar cued treadmill, the locations of two obstacles were interchanged to decouple place-tuning from cue-tuning among position-correlated cells with fields at those locations. Subpopulations of place and cue cells each formed interareal gradients such that higher-level cortical regions exhibited higher fractions of place cells, whereas lower-level regions exhibited higher fractions of cue cells. Position-correlated cells in the motor cortex also formed translaminar gradients; more superficial cells were more likely to exhibit fields and were more sparsely and precisely tuned than deeper cells. After dorsal hippocampal lesions, a neural representation of the learned environment persisted, but retrosplenial cortex exhibited significantly increased cue-tuning, and, in motor cortices, both position-correlated cell recruitment and population activity at the unstable obstacle locations became more homogeneously elevated across laminae. Altogether, these results support that the hippocampus continues to modulate cortical responses in familiar environments, and the relative impact of descending feedback obeys hierarchical interareal and interlaminar gradients opposite to the flow of ascending sensory inputs.
Dizajn istraživanja mreža interesnih dionika u turističkoj destinaciji
Authors: Pavlović Damir
Published: June 2024

The aim of this work is to make a critical analysis of research design in tourism with an emphasis on stakeholders in the destination network, which should result in finding the most optimal research and methodological model for the purpose of scientific and practical application in adaptable and efficient destination management. The paper considers a wide range/map of research design and approach in all phases of the research process: data collection and processing, and interpretation of the obtained results. Recommendations for finding an adequate methodological approach to research in tourism and tourist destinations were obtained by testing, that is, by projecting the specificity of the research process in tourism onto the general research matrix/paradigm represented by the successive gradation of research steps: context, paradigm, epistemology, general methodological orientation and applied concrete methods. The so-called method of chain referral proved to be the most effective in collecting data on the topological structure of the destination network of stakeholders. A hybrid explanatory sequential design in a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodological approach seems to be the most optimal and can be the most useful in researching the relationship between stakeholders in the management of a tourist destination. In previous research in the conceptual field of destination stakeholder networks, the proposed research model is not as specified and focused as in the case of this paper. management. However, there are also certain limitations of this work, which primarily refer to the need for multiple testing of the proposed research model on concrete case studies. Following the highlighted limitations in future research, it is recommended to test the proposed methodological approach and concept on case studies of two qualitatively different destination networks of stakeholders (e.g. coastal and continental) in Croatia to confirm its validity.
Self-efficacy in communication and employability skills of English language students
Authors: Layagan Joerene Mae
Published: July 2024

The majority of the relevant studies have concentrated on identifying the potential employable abilities of Bachelor of Arts in English Language (BAEL) students in general rather than the employability skills of BA English Language graduates. Hence, it is important to know also what are the employable skills of the BAEL graduates in order to determine the areas of workplace they are to be employed in. This study aims to know the self-efficacy of BAEL students in oral, written, computer-mediated communication and the important employability skills of BAEL undergraduate students. The study is quantitative in nature, and a descriptive survey approach was employed to ascertain the respondents' employability skills in the various fields. The researcher used Google Forms for the survey questionnaire. The study revealed that the self-efficacy of the BA English Language fourth year undergraduate students had a positive opinion of their own skill efficacy. The English language students can handle themselves in company especially when interacting in small groups. They can carry out written communication tasks and also electronically assisted tasks. On the other hand, BAEL students have potentials to be employed in various industries. The researcher advised the students to be readily accepted in various fields in the workplace after graduation. Teachers and curriculum/policy makers were suggested to create learning interventions that can enhance the employability of the students in the various areas of English communication.
Mairil and Nyempet as Child Sexual Violence in Pesantren: Contradictions of Traditional Norms, Religion, and Criminal Law Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Tohari Mohamad , Kamalludin Iqbal , Suseno Jarot Jati Bagus , Umar Achmad Jauhari , Pratami Bunga Desyana
Published: June 2024

The pesantren is an Islamic educational institution in Indonesia that provides dormitories for santri, students who live together and are separated by gender. Santri are usually children to adolescents who are studying religious knowledge. However, adolescence is often marked by high curiosity about sexuality that is not well-contained, which can lead to the habit of Mairil and Nyempet. Mairil refers to "affectionate" interactions that occur in pesantren between individuals of the same gender, whether between males or between females. This interaction can reach high levels of intensity and may even involve physical actions commonly referred to as Nyempet, which differs from the practice of sodomy. This research uses a socio-legal method with a qualitative approach focusing on substantive justice in criminal policy. Through in-depth analysis, the research findings indicate that the practice of Mairil and Nyempet is a form of sexual violence that often occurs in pesantren in Indonesia. There is inconsistency between this practice and religious norms and criminal law, yet enforcement of the law against it remains low. Pesantren, as part of society, should have an open understanding to involve competent parties in jointly addressing Mairil and Nyempet. Furthermore, it requires more serious efforts to address this issue, including protection for victims, rigorous law enforcement, and increased awareness and education in society regarding individual rights and humanitarian principles.
Estimativa de erosão em área de desflorestamento da amazônia, Bacia do Baixo Rio Acre
Authors: Bueno Francisco Alyson
Published: July 2024

The Lower Acre River Basin is located in an area of deforestation with the implementation of pastures for beef cattle ranching in soils susceptible to erosion and equatorial climate. The existence of slaughterhouses and beef cattle in the municipality of Boca do Acre, in the state of Amazonas, is one of the problems linked to deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Given this scenario, an estimate of soil losses was presented with the application of the Universal Equation in a geographic information system. In the methodology, a database was elaborated with vectorized information for the extraction of the areas of the types of soils and land cover, including the spatial analysis of slopes extracted from the digital elevation model. Due to the analysis of the areas by geoprocessing occurring by vectorization, the calculations of the erosion plots were obtained through tables with the parameters adopted by the scientific references. It was found that 60% of the soil loss occurs in the area of agriculture in 11% of the territory of the watershed, being predominantly in areas of rural settlements of the state of Acre. As a result of the estimate, soil loss in the Lower Acre River Basin was 386,422 t/ha/year, with a production of 46 million tons of sediment per year.
Innovative design model for the mortise and tenon structure
Authors: Yan Yuqi , Xu Zixin , Zhu Ling , Lv Jiufang
Published: July 2024

The mortise and tenon structure is a pivotal component of ancient Chinese architecture and furniture, encapsulating a rich history of evolution, cultural shifts, and productivity developments. Engaging modern individuals with this historical context through innovative product design provides a way to advance the cultural and creative industries and promote the sustainable development of mortise and tenon culture. This study conducted sentiment analysis on consumer reviews of three types of mortise and tenon cultural and creative products in the Chinese market, revealing consumer needs and expectations regarding functionality, quality, and design. Utilizing Norman’s Emotional Design Theory, the study analyzed the design elements of mortise and tenon cultural and creative products across the instinctive, behavioral, and reflective levels. A systematic design model was put together, providing both theoretical support and practical guidance for the future design of these products, thereby offering inspiration and aid for the modernization and transformation of traditional culture.
Effects of Intravenous Nefopam on Pain Relief in Patients with Acute Postoperative Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: JIN Yehun , MYUNG Seung-Kwon , KANG Hangil , EOM Woosik , KIM Daehyun
Published: June 2024

Background: Although intravenous nefopam has been used for opioid-sparing strategy and pain relief, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown inconsistent findings. Methods: We searched core databases, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library for RCTs on this research question in December 2022. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and weighted mean difference (WMD) were calculated using a random-effects meta-analysis.Results: Of 708 studies identified from the databases, a total of 17 RCTs (n=1,173 patients) that met the inclusion criteria were included in the final meta-analysis. Overall, the consumption of cumulative opioid analgesics was significantly lower in the nefopam group than the control group, on arrival in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) (SMD, −0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], −1.01 to −0.39; I2= 55.1%; n=7), at 24 hours (SMD, −0.65; 95% CI, −1.09 to −0.20; I2=87.4%; n=9), and 48 hours (SMD, −0.82; 95% CI, −1.40 to −0.24; I2=85.6%; n=6) after surgery. It also showed a significant lower pain score, on arrival in the PACU (WMD, −0.80; 95% CI, −1.27 to −0.32; I2=69.6%; n=7) and 24 hours (WMD, −0.48; 95% CI, −0.79 to −0.16; I2=0.0%, n=5). However, publication bias was observed (asymmetrical funnel plot and P for bias=0.005).Conclusions: Intravenous nefopam showed an opioid-sparing effect and pain relief in the management of patients with acute postoperative pain.
Doses associated with interventional radiology patients: a retrospective analysis in cerebral angiography
Authors: Nascimento Assimos Raquel , Canevaro Lucía Viviana
Published: June 2024

Interventional Radiology (IR) plays a major role in neurology. It has several advantages, such as avoiding higher risk surgeries and reducing hospital stay. IR allows the diagnosis of various diseases, such as strokes, neurological dysfunctions, arteriovenous malformations, etc. Despite its advantages, IR delivers high radiation doses to patients, mainly due to long exposure times and the large number of images acquired (cine or DSA mode). In this work, a retrospective study was carried out using information from cerebral arteriography procedures (CAP) recorded in the IRaD (Interventional Radiology Database). Data were extracted from 39 procedures to analyze the frequency of the C-arm X-ray machine projections performed during the procedures and the contribution of the different projections of the C-arm to air kerma and air kerma/image parameters in DSA mode, and this has been done at various angles and for the most commonly used filters. The mean values and standard deviations of total air kerma area product (PKA) and air kerma at the patient entrance reference point (Ka,r) were (7584 ± 4661) µGy·m2 and (746 ± 378) mGy, respectively. It was verified that the total dose delivered to the patient is mainly composed of the dose due to the exposure in DSA mode. In the different C-arm projections during DSA, it was found that the greater the angle of the C-arm (more horizontal), the smaller the air kerma/image value. Also, the more cranial the projection, the greater the air kerma/image value. In the most frequent projections, the equipment was programmed to deliver the lowest doses to the patient by inserting additional copper and aluminum filters.
Trajectories of Housing Insecurity From Infancy to Adolescence and Adolescent Health Outcomes
Authors: Pierce Kristyn A. , Mendelsohn Alan , Smith Brandon , Johnson Sara B. , Duh-Leong Carol
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Housing insecurity is associated with adverse effects on child growth and development cross-sectionally; less is known about its cumulative, long-term effects. This study describes longitudinal experiences of housing insecurity during childhood from infancy (age 1 year) to adolescence (age 15 years) and examines their associations with adolescent health outcomes.

METHODS

Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we created a composite measure of housing insecurity using 5 indicators (eg, skipping a rent or mortgage payment, eviction) for participants at ages 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15 years. We used group-based trajectory modeling to identify distinct patterns of housing insecurity, sociodemographic predictors of these patterns, and how these patterns relate to adolescent health outcomes.

RESULTS

We identified 3 trajectories of housing insecurity from infancy to adolescence: secure, moderately insecure, and highly insecure. Adolescents who experienced moderately and highly insecure housing had decreased odds of excellent health (adjusted odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69–0.95; adjusted odds ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50–0.92, respectively) and more depressive symptoms (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.08; 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08–1.19, respectively) than adolescents with secure housing. Adolescents who experienced highly insecure housing reported significantly higher anxiety symptoms (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.003–1.113).

CONCLUSIONS

Housing insecurity starting in infancy was associated with poorer adolescent health outcomes. These longitudinal patterns emphasize the need for novel screening mechanisms to identify housing insecurity when it emerges, as well as policies to prevent housing insecurity and its associated health outcomes.
Revitalizing the Role of UIN Bandung in Creating Religious Harmonization in West Java
Authors: Aziz Rohmanur , Ruswandi Uus , Suhartini Andewi , Erihadiana Mohamad
Published: June 2024

This research analyses graduates' concepts and understanding of the UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Revitalization Model to Create Religious Harmonization in West Java. This research uses an ethnographic method to relate to social activities and religious behaviour in society. Apart from that, it tries to describe and analyze the life views of the subjects studied, namely understanding and attitudes towards religious harmonization. The concept and implementation of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung regarding religious harmonization in West Java, namely the establishment of a study program and curriculum whose approach uses religion to contribute to the study of religious moderation and establishing a house for religious moderation. UIN Sunan Gunung Djati graduates' understanding of religious harmonization in West Java shows moderate religious tolerance. The Revitalization Model of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung to Create Religious Harmonization in West Java, namely by designing the UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung curriculum, has demonstrated an Islamic moderation effort that encourages religious moderation so that it has been able to provide a dominant colour in the harmonization of religious communities, especially in West Java.
Homofilie Organization of Muhammadiyah Business Charity: Da’wa through Collaboration Brand Network Configuration
Authors: Suryorini Ariana , Savitri Fania Mutiara , Hartono Setyo Budi
Published: June 2024

Muhammadiyah is a social organization based on the guidelines of the Al-Qur'an & Al-Hadith as the ideology in carrying out all its activities. Internal circles refer to this term as "Islamic purification" which makes it a characteristic of a homophilous organization. This research aims to analyze whether organizational homophily can influence its performance with the Co-BNC novelty. Collaboration Business performance is a strategic da’wa activity. The method used in this research is explanatory quantitative. Amount 35 chief administrators Muhammadiyah Subsidiaries (AUM) in Semarang City who were selected by accidental sampling. The data collection method used was a questionaire method and was processed by Structural Equation Model analysis (SEM) with the AMOS analysis tool. The results of analysis explain: organizational homophily values (Dissemination of Information, Ideas and Emotions) influence marketing performance. In addition, Co-BNC plays a role in mediating this relationship. CO-BNC's success in changing the homophile organization through a brand collaboration approach has brought benefits to many parties, especially those who are "excluded". Harmonization of profit proposition arrangements is carried out by AUM so that mudharib can cover its business to obtain much greater profits/non profit and can remain consistent when AUM restructures its cooperation on business losses. Its shows that the organization stand in survive mode for maslahah and da’wa orientation. We would like to underline that collaboration in business based on values of islamic purification is one form of strategic da’wa activity.
Fostering Emotional and Moral Development in Islamic Boarding Schools: The Impact of TalaqqÃ® and á¸¤alaqa Traditions
Authors: Ismail Sulaiman , Sabri Hatta , Asari Hasan , Yamin Martinis , Yunus Marzudi Muhammad
Published: July 2024

The article scrutinizes the teacher-student respected relationship within the talaqqÈ‹ and á¸¥alaqa traditions of Salafis Boarding Schools. The purpose of the study is to explore the psychological dimensions of this relationship, specifically recognized in Acehnese society as â€œTa'zhim keu Gureeâ€ (respect to the teacher) as the main Ã¢dÃ¢b (virtues) within this bond, focusing on the principle of respect. This study employed a participatory action research methodology, using in-depth interviews and participant observation as the primary research instruments, conducted at the Dayah Nurul Hikam Al-Waliyah in Kota Langsa, Aceh Province. The study found that the teacher-student relationship within the talaqqÈ‹ and á¸¥alaqa tradition acts as a dynamic channel for fostering emotional well-being and psychological growth among students. The respectful bond emerging from this relationship nurtures well-rounded individuals committed to intellectual and moral growth. áº¨dÃ¢b, as an Islamic cornerstone, epitomizes respect, humility, and gratitude, bolstering emotional well-being and ethics. The findings suggest that these traditions can be a valuable model for educational institutions aiming to promote emotional well-being, psychological growth, moral ethics, and alignment with Islamic teachings. Additionally, Ã¢dÃ¢b is highlighted as a valuable tool for promoting positive social change in communities.
Exploring Studentsâ€™ Perspectives on Sufism and Tarekat in Islamic Education
Authors: Fahrudin Fahrudin , Rahmat Munawar , Yahya M. Wildan Bin H.M. , Syafei Makhmud , Abdurrahman Maman
Published: July 2024

This study examines the perspectives of Islamic master's students in Bandung, Indonesia, towards sufism and tarekat, sufi orders (Arab: á¹­arÈ‹qah). The objective is to analyze graduates' beliefs regarding the influence of foreign practices on sufism and their explanations of the controversial doctrines associated with tarekat. Utilizing a qualitative approach, eight respondents from two universities, who demonstrated high proficiency in the sufism course, were selected. The research employed documentation studies and in-depth interviews as primary techniques. Assessments were conducted before and after the sufism course to gauge respondents' attitudes towards the central tenets of sufism and tarekat. The results indicated significant shifts in viewpoints, with the majority initially holding opposing perspectives that evolved positively after the course. Many graduates embraced tarekat under the guidance of a murshÃ®d (spiritual guide) and accepted doctrines such as Å¼ikr-tarekat, talqÈ‹n-Å¼ikr, ma'rifat, and waá¸¥dat al-wujÃ»d. The study concludes that Sufism lectures have a constructive impact on fostering religious moderation among students, effectively countering the negative narrative propagated by the Salafi campaign against sufism and tarekat. The findings highlight the importance of conducting Sufism lectures in Islamic master's programs, emphasizing their effectiveness in shaping graduate students' attitudes towards tarekat.
Cosmological Relations in the Muisca Myth of Bachue
Authors: Sánchez H. Natalia , Martínez Celis Diego , Vinasco Téllez Mauricio
Published: June 2024

This research paper outlines possible cosmological relations in the Muisca myth of Bachue, a traditional narrative involving the sacred lake of Iguaque, located in the Colombian Andes. The research applied an interdisciplinary approach, considering archaeological, historical, ethnographic, astronomical, social and climatic perspectives. Material culture and historical sources related to the myth highlight the figure of a large animal with a curved back, thought to be associated with mountain lakes, and it is here suggested that Muiscas may have seen in the night sky a huge and humped animal whose back was the Milky Way’s bulge. This paper proposes that between 700 AD to 1000 AD, the period during which the Bachue myth is thought to have originated, the archaeological site of El Infiernito had celestial and landscape alignments involving the Sun, the Milky Way and the Pleiades. Muisca serpent-adorned cups can be interpreted as a representation of a cosmogonic/cosmological model, with concepts such as origin, opposition, duality, water and death, all present in the myth, materialised in these unique ceramic pieces.
Shaking the Pillars
Authors: Davidson Alan
Published: June 2024

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Historic Kitchen Restoration
Authors: Davidson Caroline
Published: June 2024

In the last ten years or so, an increasing number of houses open to the public have allowed their visitors below stairs to see, for the first time, the domestic offices which served the grander rooms above. Ham House, an elegant 17th-century country house on the banks of the Thames just west of Richmond Park, is about to do the same. Below the lavish state apartments on the ground floor lies a labyrinth of domestic offices. During the 1670s and 80s (when the house was enjoying its greatest prosperity, under Elizabeth, Countess of Dysart, and her second husband, the Duke of Lauderdale) these included a kitchen, two larders, a scullery, dairy, bake house and still-house, four cellars for beer and wine, the Usher of the Hall's Office, the servants' hall and a laundry. Unfortunately, these cannot all be opened at once, but the Victoria and Albert Museum, which administers Ham House, plans to have the kitchen and larder on view by next summer, along with an exhibition explaining how the house worked and displaying various curiosities of a domestic nature from later periods. In this article Caroline Davidson describes how she has set about restoring the most important domestic offices of all: the kitchen.
Filimonov
Authors: Chamberlain Lesley
Published: June 2024

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