bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interface Engineering to Regulate Oxidation Dynamics of Supported Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Yong , Chen Shiyuan , Zhang Kai , Shao Bo , Zeng Chaobin , Yuan Wentao , Yang Hangsheng , Han Zhong-Kang , Jiang Ying , Zhang Ze
Published: December 2024

Understanding the oxidation of metal nanoparticles is crucial for various applications, particularly in heterogeneous catalysis, such as catalytic oxidation reactions where metal nanoparticles are typically dispersed on supports. However, the dynamics of interactionbetween nanoparticlesand oxygen, especiallyunder the influence of supporting materials,remain poorly understood, significantly hindering the precise comprehension and regulation of nanoparticle oxidation dynamics. Here, we elucidate two distinct oxidation dynamics in supported nanoparticles using aberration-corrected environmental (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (E(S)TEM) and first-principles calculations, i.e. preferential self-adaptive oxidation initiating at the nanoparticle-support interface, where the supports facilitate the oxidation process, and surface oxidation, where the supports inhibit oxidation. The interface energy gap before and after oxidation of the nanoparticles plays a dominant role in determining the oxidation dynamics, as established through systematic calculations involving approximately one hundred combinations and corroborated by experimental validations. This gap serves as a key indicator for developing a straightforward strategy through interface engineering to regulate both self-adaptive and surface oxidation processes. A large interface energy gap promotes self-adaptive oxidation, leading to the formation of epitaxial interface oxides regardless of the historical configurations of metal nanoparticles, whereas a small gap favors surface oxidation and inhibits interface oxidation. This work highlights the diversity of interface-determined oxidation behaviorsand offersa general strategy for the regulation of oxidation dynamics of supported nanoparticles under identical conditions.
Mapping Mental Health Support and Suicide Risk: A Markov Model Approach
Authors: Kuriyakose Delna , M Gowsalya
Published: December 2024

Background: Suicide remains a significant public health challenge, accounting for approximately 1.4% of all deaths globally. Alarmingly, individuals who report having no friends exhibit a prevalence of distress and mental health struggles that is over 3.5 times greater than those with a robust network of close friends for support.
Methods: This study presents a Markov chain model designed to explore the dynamics of mental health recovery and the associated risks of suicide, specifically focusing on the transition roles of peer support, professional support, and self-support. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by adjusting transition probabilities to simulate the impacts of increased awareness and access to peer-support interventions.
Results: The findings suggest that enhancing awareness of self-support strategies by approximately 15% is associated with a 0.68% reduction in the suicide rate. Conversely, merely expanding access to self-support services did not yield any observable effects on suicide rates. Furthermore, first passage time (FPT) analysis revealed that peer support facilitates the most rapid recovery,followed by self-support and professional support.A heat map has been employed to further illustrate these findings using python, underscoring the superior efficiency of peer support in expediting recovery.
Conclusion: These results emphasize the urgent need to enhance awareness initiatives and integrate peer support into mental health care strategies to improve recovery outcomes and mitigate suicide risk.
Suicidal ideation in older adults in nursing homes: impact of depression, perceived social support and cognitive impairment
Authors: Redondo Rita , Pinazo-Clapés Carolina , García Carmen Lizandra , Pinazo-Hernandis Sacramento , Checa Irene , Mayordomo Teresa , Sales Alicia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Suicide increases with age; the rate of death by suicide in people over 70 years of age is twice that of people aged 15-49. Currently 30.96% of the population over 64 years of age have functional limitations and perceived social support decreases significantly at this stage. Exposure to these factors appears to be exacerbated in people living in residential care, yet research remains scarce. We analysed suicidal ideation and associated factors such as depression, perceived social support, cognitive decline and functional limitations in older adults living in nursing homes.
Methods. Multicentre study of 126 participants aged over 65 years, mean age is 81.35 years (SD= 9.31) and 65.6% are women.
Results. Suicidal ideation was found in 57.1% of the participants. Depression, low social support and the presence of mild cognitive impairment were associated with the presence of suicidal ideation in older people living in nursing homes.
Discussion. The results obtained highlight the need to focus the dynamics and interventions in nursing homes on emotional aspects, which can help prevent and even detect suicidal ideation and suicidal behaviour.
The role of teacher conceptions of climate change in climate change education: Insights from Indonesian upper-secondary teachers
Authors: Tang Kelvin
Published: December 2024

This study examines the conceptions of climate change among Indonesian upper-secondary teachers and their impact on the willingness to implement climate change education. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research identifies key factors influencing teacher engagement, including attitudes, self-efficacy, and situational support. Findings indicate that a positive attitude towards climate change is the strongest predictor of willingness to act, with cognitive factors influencing this willingness indirectly through affective dimensions and self-efficacy. Despite teachers’ awareness of climate change, significant gaps in actual knowledge and persistent misconceptions highlight the need for improved training and resources. The emotional responses of teachers, marked by both concern and mixed hope, complicate implementation efforts. This study underscores the importance of supportive environments that enhance teachers’ confidence and provide actionable pathways for effective climate change instruction, aiming to inform policymakers and educational leaders in enhancing climate change education in Indonesia.
Cell lines and primary cultures uses for vaccine development for Bacterial pathogens of fish: a systematic review
Authors: Salinas-Parra Nicolás , Torrealba Débora , Ahumada Andrea , Gallardo-Matus José
Published: December 2024

Global fish aquaculture faces severe challenges due to outbreaks of pathogenic bacteria, which cause diseases resultingin high fish mortality rates and significantly impactproduction, sector economics, and environmental and social stability. One prominent approach to combat these diseases and reduce mortality involves vaccine development. Cell lines and primary cultures providea straightforwardand economicalmodel to evaluatevaccine efficacy. This study systematically reviewsthe use of cell lines and primary cultures in vaccinedevelopment for bacterial pathogens affecting fish. We conducted asystematic literature search across Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases followingPRISMA guidelines. Out of an initial1,123 studies published up to August 2024 screened for eligibility, only 24 met the criteria for inclusion based on relevanceto vaccine development for bacterial fish pathogens. Our review identified16 cell lines and four primary cultures with potential applications for vaccine development in fish species such as rainbow trout, olive flounder, grass carp, Asian seabass (barramundi), Atlantic salmon, and tilapia. Keyapplications of cell lines and primary culturesin vaccine development involve immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory effects (9/24; 37.5%), cytotoxicity testing (8/24; 33.3%), and DNA vaccine fabrication via transfection (6/24; 25%). However, our findings reveal limited availability of cell lines in biobanks, which hampers result reproducibility. We conclude that,despite the high potential of cell lines and primary cultures for vaccine development, these models are established as routine tools in only a few fish species.
LEAF-Net: A Unified Framework for Leaf Extraction and Analysis in Multi-Crop Phenotyping Using YOLOv11
Authors: Khan Ameer Tamoor , Jensen Signe Marie
Published: December 2024

Accurate leaf segmentation and counting are critical for advancing crop phenotyping and improving breeding programs in agriculture. This study evaluates YOLOv11-based models for automated leaf detection and segmentation across spring barley, spring wheat, winter wheat, winter rye, and winter triticale. The key focus is assessing whether a unified model trained on a combined multi-crop dataset can outperform crop-specific models. Results show that the unified model achieves superior performance in bounding box tasks, with mAP@50 exceeding 0.85 for spring crops and above 0.7 for winter crops. Segmentation tasks, however, reveal mixed results, with individual models occasionally excelling in recall for winter crops. These findings highlight the benefits of dataset diversity in improving generalization, while emphasizing the need for larger annotated datasets to address variability in real-world conditions. This highlights that while the combined dataset improves generalization, the unique characteristics of individual crops may still benefit from specialized training. This work demonstrates the potential of AI-driven models to advance automated phenotyping for large-scale precision agriculture.
Improving students’ professional communicative competence in TEFL context
Authors: Khasanova Zarina
Published: December 2024

This study addresses the challenge of improving students’ professional communicative competence in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) contexts, recognizing the growing importance of English in global professional environments. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving 120 undergraduate students in a 12-week intensive course. The intervention included simulated workplace scenarios, authentic materials, project-based learning, technology integration, and guest lectures. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests, questionnaires, classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and reflective journals. Quantitative findings revealed significant improvements across all language skills, with speaking showing the highest increase (28.5Questionnaire results indicated enhanced self-perceived competence in professional communication. Qualitative data from observations and interviews highlighted increased student participation, improved use of professional vocabulary, and greater confidence in professional communication scenarios. The integration of quantitative and qualitative findings demonstrates the effectiveness of the intervention in enhancing students’ professional communicative competence. The study underscores the value of a focused, practical approach to teaching professional communication in TEFL contexts, preparing students more effectively for the demands of English use in professional settings.
Asymptotics of Weil-Petersson volumes and two-dimensional quantum gravities
Authors: Griguolo Luca , Papalini Jacopo , Russo Lorenzo , Seminara Domenico
Published: December 2024

We propose a refined expression for the large genus asymptotics of the Weil-Petersson volumes of the moduli space of super-Riemann surfaces with an arbitrary number of boundaries. Our formula leverages the connection between JT supergravity and its matrix model definition, utilizing some basic tools of resurgence theory. The final result holds for arbitrary boundary lengths and preserves the polynomial structure of the super-volumes. As a byproduct we also obtain a prediction for the large genus asymptotics of generalized \ThetaΘ-class intersection numbers. We extend our proposal to the case of the quantum volumes relevant for the Virasoro minimal string/Liouville gravity. Performing the classical limit on the quantum volumes, we recover a formula for the ordinary Weil-Petersson building blocks of JT gravity.
Estudo da figueira cv. roxo de valinhos no oeste potiguar
Authors:   , Silva Francisco Sidene Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Estudos do emprego de substratos no enraizamento de estacas de figueira nas condições
semiáridas ainda são escassos, dessa maneira, as fontes alternativas são saída ao enraizamento
de estacas de figueira no semiárido para os agricultores. O presente estudo teve objetivo
avaliar o enraizamento de estacas, produção e qualidade de frutos de figueira submetidos a
diferentes manejos. Os trabalhos de pesquisa foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação e no
pomar didático da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido – UFERSA, Mossoró-RN.
Experimento 1, foram coletadas estacas semi-lenhosas de figueira ‘Roxo de Valinhos’,
aproximadamente com 15 cm de comprimento. Utilizou-se o experimento blocos casualizados
com 5 tratamentos e 4 repetições, sendo cada repetição constituída por 6 plantas. Os
tratamentos foram compostos: solo + húmus de minhoca, solo + fibra de coco, solo + pólen,
solo + esterco bovino e solo + tropstrato, todos na proporção 1:1 (v/v). 70 dias após o plantio
avaliou-se as seguintes variáveis: comprimento da parte aérea, do sistema radicular e total da
planta, número de folhas, diâmetro dos brotos, volume da raiz, teor de clorofila, massa seca da
parte aérea, da raiz e relação MSPA/MSR, porcentagem de estacas enraizadas, brotadas e
vivas. Os substratos húmus de minhoca e esterco bovino promoveram os maiores resultados
para todas as características avaliadas. O experimento 2, foi avaliado o uso do desponte e as
diferentes intensidades de poda (5, 10 e 15 cm) na produção de figueira, e dois tipos de poda
de frutificação (com e sem desponte). O experimentos foi conduzido em esquema fatorial 3x2,
com 4 repetições, sendo utilizados 5 plantas por tratamento, onde as três plantas centrais
sendo a área útil. Nessa ação a produção foi avaliada durante dois ciclos produtivos, nas safras
2016 e 2017. Foi avaliado nos dois ciclos o peso, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos, número
de fruto planta-¹, e produção planta-¹. A qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos foi avaliada por meio
da firmeza, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável e vitamina C. O uso do desponte e da intensidade
de poda não influenciou as características físico-químicas e na produção de figueira nas
condições do Oeste Potiguar. O experimento 3, foi realizado blocos casualizado, com 6
tratamentos e 4 repetições, totalizando 24 parcelas, correspondente a diferentes número de
ramos (sem poda, 6, 12, 18, 24 e 30 ramos planta-1) e 4 planta por parcela. A condução de
plantas de figueira com 12, 24 e 30 ramos possibilita uma maior massa dos frutos, número de
frutos por planta e uma maior produção, bem como as melhores características químicas de
frutos nas condições semiáridas. Em todos os experimentos, as variáveis foram submetidas a
análise de variância e a comparação de médias foi feita pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de
probabilidade
Cultivo do melão “gália” em diferentes concentrações de nitrogênio e potássio na fertirrigação
Authors:   , Silva Karen Mariany Pereira
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta o melão “Gália” submetido a concentrações de nitrogênio e potássio na fertirrigação, em dois tipos de solos, sendo um Argissolo e um Cambissolo característicos na região produtora de melão em Mossoró/RN. Os experimentos foram realizados em casa de vegetação pertencente à Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido – UFERSA. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados composto por treze tratamentos, com quatro repetições. As plantas foram conduzidas sob fertirrigação controlada pela variação das concentrações de nitrogênio e potássio. Os tratamentos foram baseados na concentração considerada padrão para o cultivo hidropônico do meloeiro (168 e 234 mg L-1 de N e K), e a partir destes foram adotados 5 níveis dos fatores N e K (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200%), para cada solo, que, combinados pela matriz experimental quadrado duplo, permitiram a formação de 13 tratamentos. As características avaliadas na cultura foram: desenvolvimento vegetativo e nutricional das plantas, produção e qualidade dos frutos, além de alterações na fertilidade do solo. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e análise de regressão para superfície de resposta. As concentrações de nitrogênio e potássio provocaram efeitos no crescimento, produção e qualidade dos frutos. Para o Argissolo, foi observado que o aumento das concentrações de N proporcionou maior rendimento e qualidade dos frutos. Para o Cambissolo, o melhor rendimento ocorreu para doses intermediárias de nitrogênio e houve resposta negativa ao potássio
Girassol fertirrigado com doses de potássio em duas safras agrícolas nos semiárido brasileiro
Authors:   , Santos Allysson Pereira dos
Published: December 2024

O girassol (Helianthus annus L.) vem ganhando bastante destaque no mercado mundial, por apresentar alta capacidade em produção de óleo, com execelente qualidade em seus aquênios. Devido à grande exigência nutricional desta cultura, principalmente do nutriente potássio, seu fornecimento por meio da adubação via fertirrigação, o aumento na precisão e a utilização de doses parceladas favorecem sua absorção pela planta, para obtenção máxima em eficiência produtiva e econômica. Neste sentido, foram conduzidos experimentos em duas safras agrícolas nos anos de 2016 e 2017, para avaliar o uso eficiente de doses de potássio fertirrigadas em cultivares de girassol no semiárido nordestino, Mossoró-RN. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, em parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. Nas parcelas, foram avaliadas cinco doses de potássio: 0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1 de K2O, e nas subparcelas, quatro cultivares de girassol: Aguará 6, Altis 99, Multissol e BRS 122. As características de produção avaliadas foram: Teor de potássio na folha diagnóstica (TKF), massa de mil aquênios (MMA), produtividade de aquênios (PA), teor de óleo (TO) e produtividade de óleo (PO). As doses de potássio incrementaram nos resultados produtivos das safras agrícolas, a safra 2 obteve melhor resultado do que a safra 1. As doses de máxima produtividade de aquênios foram de 77,7; 80,2; 73,7 e 79,9 kg ha-1 de K2O na safra 1 e de 65,9; 69,5; 70,4 e 69,1 kg ha-1 de K2O na safra 2, respectivamente, para os cultivares Aguará 6, Altis 99, Multissol e BRS 122. Os cultivares Aguará 6 e Altis 99 obtiveram as maiores produtividades de aquênios e de óleo nas duas safras agrícolas. A partir do estudo econômico, verificou-se que as doses de potássio influenciaram em todas as variáveis econômicas, através dos resultados obtidos entre as duas safras agrícolas. A maior renda líquida foi alcançada pelos cultivares Aguará 6 e Altis 99, no valor de R$ 3.416,09 e R$ 2.462,07 na safra 1 e de R$ 2.237,01 e R$ 1.861,99 na safra 2. Nas variáveis de eficiência nutricional do girassol fertirrigado com potássio, os cultivares demonstraram variações de comportamento nas eficiências avaliadas em função das doses de potássio. As doses de 90 e 120 kg ha-1 de K2O, assim como o maior acúmulo na planta, ocasionaram redução no valor das eficiências nutricionais, e o cultivar Aguará 6 obteve o melhor resultado com a dose de 60 kg ha-1 de K2O, demonstrando bastante eficiência em aproveitamento e acúmulo deste nutriente nas duas safras agrícolas
GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO APLICADO À AMBIENTES PROMOTORES DE INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Shirado Yuri , Molina Letícia Gorri
Published: December 2024

Ambientes Promotores de Inovação surgem e formalizam-se por intermédio do Decreto 9.283/2018, como espaços oportunos para a concepção da inovação. Considerando-se  a Sociedade do Conhecimento associada ao processo de transformação da informação, os referidos ambientes configuram-se como indutores da competitividade e de desenvolvimento socioeconômico. Assim, visa-se apresentar a relevância da aplicabilidade da Gestão do Conhecimento junto a Ambientes Promotores de Inovação, além de compreender a inter-relação das mesmas. Em linhas gerais, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com delineamento bibliográfico. Por fim conclui-se que a aplicação da Gestão do Conhecimento contribui estrategicamente para o desenvolvimento dos referidos ambientes
Revisiting the Significance of TLRs: Current Understanding and Future Scope for Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Singh Shiva , Mishra Anuradha
Published: December 2024

Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), particularly Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs), are
pivotal in the innate immune system for recognizing Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns
(PAMPs) and initiating inflammatory responses. TLRs, characterized by their transmembrane
structure, Leucine-Rich Repeat (LRR) ectodomain, and Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor (TIR) domains,
detect a diverse range of microbial and endogenous ligands through MyD88- and TRIFdependent
pathways. This engagement activates downstream signaling cascades involving key
mediators such as Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB), Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) kinases,
and Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs), which orchestrate pro-inflammatory cytokine production
and immune responses. TLRs are not only implicated in various pathologies like multiple
sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis but also show potential in diagnosing and
preventing infectious diseases like dengue fever and periodontal disease. Recent advancements
reveal their dual role as both agonists and antagonists in enhancing vaccine responses and developing
novel cancer immunotherapies. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of
recent research and patents on TLRs, emphasizing novel therapeutic strategies and targeted delivery
systems for biomedical applications. The future scope of TLR research is explored, with a
focus on how TLR-targeted therapies could transform the management of inflammatory and
immune-mediated disorders.
Efficacy of Various Heat-treated Retreatment File Systems on the Apical Deformity and Canal Centering Ability in a Single-rooted Teeth using Nano CT
Authors: S Swathi , Solete Pradeep , Jeevanandan Ganesh , Priscilla Antony S Delphine , Venkata Teja Kavalipurapu , Sanju Dona
Published: December 2024

Aim

To analyze the efficacy of various heat-treated retreatment file systems on the apical deformity and canal centering ability in single-rooted teeth using nano CT.

Materials and Methods

A total of 45 single-rooted teeth were decoronated to 18mm and obturated. Three retreatment file systems were used, such as: Group 1- Solite RS3 Retreatment, Group 2- Solite RS3 Black Retreatment, and Group 3 - Solite RE Black Retreatment. All these procedures were carried out by a single operator. Nano-Computed tomography (CT) scans, pre- and post-operative, were obtained and superimposed for analysis. One-way ANOVA and post hoc tests were done to test the significance between the three groups.

Results

Based on the results, it was inferred that the Solite RE Black file system had better canal centering ratio and less apical deformity during the retreatment compared to Solite RS3 and Solite RS3 Black (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Solite RE Black file systems had superior centering ability in all apical thirds and less transportation in the middle and coronal thirds when compared to the other two retreatment file systems.
Morphometric Changes in a Sample of Various Age Groups of the Thai Population: A Panoramic Radiographic Study
Authors: Tantanapornkul Weeraya , Tohnak Sirilawan , Deepho Chutamas , Wamasing Peerapong , Sopapornamorn Praweena , Suwannakul Suttipalin
Published: December 2024

Objective

The current investigation was conducted to examine the alterations in oral conditions and panoramic image parameters that occur with age.

Methods

The study sample consisted of 300 male participants and 300 female participants, ranging in age from 10 to 69 years. The age-related changes in intraoral circumstances and morphometric parameters, as observed in panoramic photographs, were explored. A two-way parametric analysis of variance was used to examine the effects of age group and sex. The frequencies and percentages were calculated and compared among groups using the chi-squared test for category variables. A p-value below 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results

The prevalence of intraoral conditions showed a positive correlation with advancing age. Males exhibited significantly higher crown, root, and tooth lengths in both the upper and lower canines. There was a significant difference between males and females in terms of the pulp area, the pulp-tooth ratio of the upper first molars, and the pulp area of the lower first molars (p < 0.05). The study found a substantial correlation between the radiomorphometric parameters and age, with similar trends observed in both males and females.

Conclusion

The findings of our research have the potential to contribute to the evaluation of an individual's age category and offer insights into the patterns of several observable factors on panoramic radiographs.
First Insight into the Mutational Landscape of BRAF and KRAS Genes in Lung Cancer Patients from Morocco
Authors: El Founini Younes , Guessous Fadila , Dehbi Hind , Karkouri Mehdi , Attaleb Mohammed , El Mzibri Mohammed , Boubia Souheil , Ridai Mohamed , Chaoui Imane
Published: December 2024

Background:

Lung cancer (LC) is a lethal malignancy with a late diagnosis
and poor prognosis. During the last decade, the identification of oncogenic driver alterations
has noticeably changed the therapeutic landscape and contributed to the emergence
of the “oncogene addiction” concept and precision medicine in oncology. Among these
alterations, the spotlight has turned to driver mutations in the KRAS and BRAF genes,
which have garnered significant attention due to the emergence of targeted therapies and
the potential for personalized treatment strategies.

Objective:

Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the mutational landscape of the
KRAS and BRAF genes in LC Moroccan patients along with their frequencies and their
correlation with clinicopathological features.

Methods:

A total of 60 fresh biopsies were collected from patients with primary LC and
were subjected to PCR-DNA sequencing of exon 2 of KRAS and exon 15 of BRAF genes
in order to detect the most common mutations known by their implication in response to
targeted therapies.

Results:

Sequencing analysis revealed that mutations in KRAS and BRAF genes represented
respectively 8.3% and 6.7% of cases; one patient had two KRAS mutations (G12A
and K5E), and none had simultaneous BRAF and KRAS mutations. The vast majority of
patients harboring KRAS mutations were men, formal smokers with adenocarcinomas,
and at advanced stage (stage III). BRAF mutations were mainly detected in men and nonsmokers
with adenocarcinoma. Statistical analyses showed no significant correlation between
KRAS and BRAF substitutions and clinico-pathological features (p>0.05).

Conclusion:

The presence of these mutations will be used as a valuable molecular biomarker
to select potential candidates eligible for effective personalized medicine using
available agents targeting these mutations. Much effort is needed to identify other druggable
mutations to generalize personalized LC therapy for better management of this devastating
disease.
Liposomal Drug Delivery System for the Management of Prostate Cancer: An Update
Authors: Kumar Amit , Lunawat Akshay Kumar , kumar Ashutosh , Islam Md. Moidul , Narang Raj Kumar , Raikwar Sarjana
Published: December 2024

Prostate cancer is a significant health concern affecting a large population of males
worldwide. Liposomes, with their versatile properties and drug delivery capabilities, hold promise
as a targeted and efficient delivery system for prostate cancer treatment. Various studies have explored
different liposomal formulations loaded with anticancer agents to improve drug efficacy, reduce
side effects, and enhance targeted delivery to prostate cancer cells. Future research in this
area should focus on refining liposomal formulations to maximize drug encapsulation, stability,
and specific targeting of prostate cancer cells. Understanding the tumor microenvironment and utilizing
stimuli-responsive liposomes can further enhance drug release at the targeted site. Additionally,
investigating the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of liposomal drug delivery systems in
vivo will provide valuable insights into their efficacy and potential for clinical translation. Overall,
liposome-based drug delivery systems have the potential to revolutionize prostate cancer treatment,
ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life. Further advancements and continued
research in this field will contribute to the development of effective and personalized therapeutic
strategies for prostate cancer patients.
Ionic Conductivity and Viscosity Behavior of PMMA-based Nano-dispersed Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Lithium Perchlorate
Authors: Lath Subodh Kant , Kumar Rajender , Kumar Rajiv , Sharma Shuchi , Pathak Dinesh , Arora Narinder , Sharma Viney , Kahol Manoj
Published: December 2024

In this study, nano-dispersed polymer gel electrolytes containing
polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), diethyl carbonate
(DEC), dimethylacetamide (DMA), and nano-sized fumed silica (SiO2) have been
synthesized and characterized. The electrolytes showed high ionic conductivity for
electrolytes with higher dielectric constant solvents. The polymer enhanced the ionic
conductivity of liquid electrolytes having a lower dielectric constant solvent (DEC) at
all PMMA concentrations than the electrolytes containing a high dielectric constant
solvent (DMA). Further, with the addition of nano-sized fumed silica, the ionic conductivity
showed a small increase along with an increase in the mechanical stability
of the electrolytes. The viscosity behavior of the electrolytes was also discussed, and
it was correlated with the results of the ionic conductivity test. Nano-dispersed polymer
gel electrolytes exhibited high ionic conductivity (10-2 S/cm). Further, the conductivity
showed only a small change (by a factor, not by an order) over the 25-100°C
temperature range and did not vary with time, which is desirable for their use in practical
applications.
Combating Cholera in Syria: A Comprehensive Approach to Clean Water, Sanitation, and Vaccination
Authors: Komal  , Jindal Priya , Joshi Sachin , Singh Lovekesh , Singh Amandeep
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

This study presents a comprehensive strategy for combating cholera in Syria,
with a focus on clean water initiatives, treatment, surveillance, and vaccination, and the critical
role of clean water in halting disease transmission.

Methods:

The review design has involved a thorough research and review of existing literature and
data on cholera outbreaks in Syria. It has also included an analysis of vaccination and treatment options,
as well as an exploration of cholera surveillance systems and clean water initiatives.

Results:

Key findings have indicated that prioritizing access to clean water through community water
management plans and water purification technologies is essential for cholera prevention. Case
studies, supported by epidemiological data up to September 2023, have underscored the importance
of clean water in stopping cholera spread.

Conclusion:

The study has highlighted the urgent need for a comprehensive strategy to protect millions
in Syria through enhanced water, sanitation, and vaccination measures. It has advocated for
improved cholera surveillance and response systems, along with continued efforts to ensure clean
water access for all.
Simulation to adjust the draft of RO-RO pontoon
Authors: HALUS Andrei
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Floating pontoon berthing facilities are used by RO-RO ships and ferries to provide temporary or semi-permanent docking and loading/unloading capabilities. In order to accommodate ships having various freeboards, especially during operating heavy weights, it may be necessary to adjust the draft of the pontoon. In this article, the authors propose a software for calculating the draft of a RO-RO pontoon that retrieve, process and transmit data for the operations of adjusting the draft using of a programmable logic controller. The RO-RO pontoon we are referring to has actually a manual operation of the ballast installation. The software is implemented and simulated using the Codesys application. By introducing the command system, the work performed by the human operator is automatically facilitated, reducing the number of workers, decreasing the risks following the wrong maneuvers performed by the operator. This study establishes the foundations for future experimental procedures.
Axiomatic design theory as a design thinking tool for mastering industrial process variables inventorying
Authors: MERTICARU Jr. Vasile
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Activities within LCSA approaches targeting Sustainable Product, Process or Project Development, and eventually Societal Resilience usually involve multidisciplinary complexity in inventorying process variables in terms of defining materials, processes, energy consumptions, different categories of costs, or social factors. As long as Design Thinking is gaining field as a general philosophy in many kinds of businesses, for dealing with the more complex problems of design management, the particular idea of the presented research is to consider Axiomatic Design theory as a valuable tool for mastering industrial process variables inventorying. The included case study approaches the problem of analytically inventorying the process variables for sustainably developing a project for a wood pellets micro-production activity supplied from willow crops or alternative biomass resources.
Design, analysis and topology optimization of a car’s suspension lower control arm
Authors: MANINAS Nikolaos
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The modern automotive industry aims to design durable yet lightweight components that meet high performance and material efficiency goals, utilizing technologies like metal 3D printing. This study focuses on the design, analysis, and topology optimization of a MacPherson-type lower control arm, with a particular emphasis on static analysis and mass reduction achieved through topology optimization. The design process began with reverse engineering an existing control arm to acquire basic dimensions, followed by the development of a new model in SolidWorks. SolidWorks Simulation tools were employed for both stress analysis and topology optimization. The analysis considered the four primary stress forces, applied both parallel and perpendicular to the vehicle's longitudinal axis. The forces were calculated using basic mechanics and vehicle dynamics formulas, and the results were examined through finite element analysis (FEA), capturing Von Mises stresses. The selected materials were aluminum 7075-T6 and titanium Ti-6Al-4V, both suitable for 3D printing. The highest stresses (196 MPa) occurred during braking at maximum speed, and based on this scenario, topology optimization was performed. The optimized arm achieved a mass reduction of 38% compared to the non-optimized model, with SolidWorks Simulation used to evaluate mass reduction, strength retention, and fatigue analysis based on material type, underscoring the benefits of this approach.
Integrating digital twins in metal sink factories: A pathway to smart manufacturing
Authors: KAPPATOS Vassilios
Published: December 2024

Abstract. This study presents the development and validation of a digital twin for the production line of monoblock sinks. The digital twin was created using the AnyLogic simulation platform, integrating both 2D and 3D environments to replicate the factory’s operations. The model simulates the movement of workers and machinery across key stations in the production process, providing detailed insights into resource availability, machine usage, and potential bottlenecks. Validation of the model was conducted through a comparison of simulated production rates with real-world data for key production stations. The results demonstrated a high degree of accuracy, with discrepancies between simulated and actual production times within a few seconds. The digital twin offers a powerful tool for experimentation and optimization, enabling adjustments in process times, workforce allocation, and equipment utilization. This approach not only enhances production efficiency but also provides a reliable platform for future decision-making and process improvements.
Daya Dukung Lahan Permukiman Berbasis Kemampuan Lahan di Wilayah Peri-Urban (Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Bekasi, Kabupaten Tangerang dan Kabupaten Bogor)
Authors: Fadhilah Raina Arfa , Dimyati Muhammad , Indra Tito Latif , Gracia Enrico
Published: December 2024

Lahan merupakan sumberdaya penting yang kebutuhannya terus meningkat. Namun, ketersediaannya tidak bertambah yang memicu alih fungsi lahan di perkotaan, dan berefek pada perluasan lahan permukimannya ke pinggiran kota, yang disebut peri-urbanisasi. Jabodetabekjur adalah wilayah metropolitan terpadat di Indonesia dengan Kota Jakarta sebagai kota inti dan peri-urban, khususnya Kabupaten Bekasi, Kabupaten Tangerang dan Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi daya dukung lahan permukiman berbasis kemampuan lahan berdasarkan dinamika fisik, sosial dan ekonomi wilayah peri-urban Kota Jakarta sebagai salah satu upaya perencanaan, pemanfaatan dan pengawasan lahan berkelanjutan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur dengan data-data yang dikumpulkan dari sumber terkait. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pengembangan lahan permukiman di Kabupaten Bekasi, Kabupaten Tangerang, dan Kabupaten Bogor masih cukup tinggi, tepatnya masing-masing sebesar 97%, 98% dan 45,96% dan memiliki status daya dukung permukiman surplus masing-masing sebesar  2,6, 2,7, dan 1,87. Lahan permukiman potensial yang dihasilkan membentuk pola menyebar menuju dataran rendah dan wilayah studi kasus memiliki wilayah yang sudah bersifat kekotaan.
Conozcamos y aprovechemos la agrodiversidad forrajera del Alto Putumayo: pastos y forrajes para la alimentación láctea y cuyícola
Authors: Borja Tintinago Jhon James , Bacca Acosta Pedro Pablo , Obando Enríquez Bayron Giovanny , Meneses Estrada Erika Vanesa , Castro Rincón Edwin , Meneses Buitrago Diego Hernán , Cadena Pastrana Álvaro Mauricio
Published: December 2024

Este manual es resultado de un proyecto de investigación de la apropiación social del conocimiento desarrollado en los municipios de Santiago, Colón, Sibundoy y San Francisco en el Alto Putumayo. En la iniciativa participaron productores agropecuarios, líderes, estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Sucre (IES) y del Instituto Tecnológico del Putumayo (ITP), gremios agropecuarios, extensionistas, entre otros. Mediante una metodología participativa, se identificaron diversas especies forrajeras con potencial para la alimentación pecuaria. Este proceso integró conocimientos científicos con saberes tradicionales para proponer alternativas sostenibles adaptadas a la región.

Se realizaron encuentros con los participantes para explorar propiedades nutricionales, adaptabilidad y técnicas de manejo agronómico de cada especie forrajera. También se realizaron evaluaciones agronómicas participativas y de selección, teniendo en cuenta criterio técnicos y del productor en los denominados espacios de co-innovación. Ello significó un intercambio de saberes entre la comunidad y los técnicos especializados, que generó un ambiente de aprendizaje mutuo y enriquecedor de experiencias y conocimientos.

Las especies identificadas fueron evaluadas y seleccionadas en función de su adaptación, valor nutricional y facilidad de cultivo, lo que representa una oportunidad para el manejo sostenible de los recursos forrajeros en los sistemas pecuarios en el Alto Putumayo. Este manual sirve de guía para productores locales y promueve el manejo sostenible de los recursos naturales y de
los sistemas productivos. Esperamos que estos aportes con enfoque participativo contribuyan a mejorar la productividad pecuaria de la región de manera sostenible.
Evaluation of a Digital Health Application for Diabetics under real world conditions: Superior Outcomes Compared to Standard Care in a Matched Case-Control Study (Preprint)
Authors: Roth Lena , Wagner Christoph , Riesner Petra , Krage Birgit , Steckhan Nico , Peter Schwarz
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Advanced technologies are key to enhancing diabetes care, improving patient outcomes and raising overall care quality. This is also reflected in their growing role in diabetes guidelines and countries like Germany, even offer the options of reimbursing costs for digital health apps.

OBJECTIVE

The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness ESYSTA® (Emperra GmbH, Germany), a digital health application to support insulin-treated diabetes patients to improve their disease management through better self-empowerment.

METHODS

To evaluate the effectiveness of ESYSTA®, data from patients who used ESYSTA® for at least 12 months and participated in an originally prospective one-arm study, were evaluated. The study was conducted in cooperation with the German health insurance AOK Nordost (2012-2015). From a real-world data pool of insured AOK Nordost patients, a control group was matched to mimic a controlled trial that allows to compare the use of ESYSTA® to standard care in the context of a disease management program (DMP).

RESULTS

The study results show significant and clinically relevant reductions in HbA1c values of at least 0.4% in ESYSTA® users after 6 months. After 12 months, users achieved on average a HbA1c reduction of approximately 0.7%. These reductions are more pronounced compared to the matched control group.

CONCLUSIONS

The present study shows the effectiveness of the digital health application ESYSTA®. Using a matched control group further increased the internal and external validity of study results.
Neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of COVID-19: a review
Authors: Indra Tri Mahayana  , Stefani Melisa Karina  , Nyssa Alexandra Tedjonegoro
Published: December 2024

Several mechanisms for the pathogenesis of COVID-19 have been proposed. These are direct viral toxicity, endothelial cell damage and thromboinflammation, dysregulated immune response, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) dysregulation. The ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 vary, affecting the anterior, posterior, and neuro-ophthalmic components. However, the relationship between COVID-19 and neuro-ophthalmologic presentations is limited. This literature review focuses on discussing these manifestations. A manual search was performed using the following keywords “neuro-ophthalmology”, “ocular”,  “manifestations”, COVID-19, and coronavirus. The searches were conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar, where any study type and online publications were included. The most common ocular manifestation found in COVID-19 patients is conjunctival involvement. Some reported neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 are papillophlebitis, optic neuritis, cranial nerve palsies, Miller Fisher syndrome, Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, Adie’s tonic pupil, and internuclear ophthalmoplegia. A physician should examine the presence of diplopia, pain during eye movement, declining vision, or any other neurological symptoms. Therefore, it is essential to perform a comprehensive eye examination which includes visual acuity, pupillary response, ocular motility, ptosis, and optic disc examination. Additional tests such as neuroimaging or angiography might be performed to detect cerebral infarction or any other abnormalities when necessary. It is vital to be vigilant and consider COVID-19 as one of the possible causes of disease during this pandemic.
Analisis Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sumber Mata Air Berkelanjutan Desa Pucung: Temuan dan Rekomendasi untuk Masa Depan
Authors: Purwanta  , Kinen Milang Pramudita
Published: December 2024

Air merupakan kebutuhan fisiologis manusia yang paling mendasar dan memegang peranan penting dalam memastikan kelangsungan hidup dan kesejahteraan manusia. Di Desa Pucung, kehadiran air sangat vital dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, namun pengelolaan terhadap sumber mata air di desa ini belum berkelanjutan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan pengelolaan sumber mata air berkelanjutan di Desa Pucung dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur, ditemukan beberapa permasalahan, seperti kualitas air yang keruh selama musim hujan, kondisi bak penampungan yang sederhana, distribusi selang yang tidak efisien, dan penggunaan air yang tidak berkelanjutan. Melalui ini, direkomendasikan beberapa kebijakan yang dapat meningkatkan pengelolaan air di Desa Pucung yang meliputi penetapan zona perlindungan di sekitar mata air, peningkatan infrastruktur penampungan mata air, penyusunan rencana distribusi air yang lebih baik, perincian jenis partisipasi masyarakat dengan lebih jelas, dan penerapan manajemen risiko di tingkat pemerintahan desa. Sebagai tambahan, artikel ini juga mengungkap praktik terbaik dari daerah lain, seperti proses penjernihan air sebelum distribusi ke masyarakat, pembangunan bak distribusi air di lokasi pemukiman, dan penetapan zona perlindungan di sekitar mata air. Dengan menerapkan kebijakan-kebijakan ini, diharapkan Desa Pucung dapat mencapai pengelolaan air yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan, sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Masyarakat Sub Urban Guna Meningkatkan Edukasi Dalam Teknik Pengelolaan Sampah di Padukuhan Dukuh, Sinduharjo, Ngaglik, Sleman DIY
Authors: Sudaryatno Sudaryatno , Prasetya Agus , Sulaiman Muhammad , Sartika Heni Wahyu , Santoso Dian Hudawan , Bato Marjan , Hidayatunnisa Nurul Fadhlya , Maliga Iga , Kisnanto Indro
Published: December 2024

Padukuhan Dukuh merupakan salah satu wilayah yang sedang mengembangkan proses pengelolaan sampah organik dan anorganik berbasis budidaya maggot Black Soldier Fly (BSF). Hal ini merespon dari timbulan sampah organik dan anorganik yang semakin tinggi pada TPA Piyungan DIY. Tujuan dari program pengabdian ini adalah melakukan sosialisasi dan pembinaan serta pendampingan berkelanjutan terhadap kelompok masyarakat melalui kelompok sampah “Migunani” untuk mengolah sampah  rumah tangga secara mandiri yang dapat dimanfaatkan berbagai kebutuhan. Dengan demikian, permasalahan sampah dapat dikurangi dan menambah nilai ekonomi warga masyarakat. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dibagi 6 tahap yaitu: 1) tahapan persiapan dan perizinan; 2) workshop dan edukasi masyarakat; 3) pelatihan dan pendampingan berkala; 4) studi banding di Omah Maggot Jogja;  5) pembagian alat pengelolaan sampah berupa karung komposter, tong komposter dan alat bor biopori; dan 6) tahapan monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil dari seluruh rangkaian pengabdian berjalan dengan baik dan lancar. Hasil yang diharapkan dalam jangka panjang adalah kemandirian masyarakat dalam mengelola sampah organik dan anorganik sehingga sampah dari Padukuhan Dukuh tidak perlu dibawa ke TPA. Kesimpulan dalam program ini adalah kelompok masyarakat mendapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan mulai melakukan pengelolaan sampah baik bagi rumah maggot maupun secara mandiri di rumah masing-masing.