bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Экономическое обоснование затрат на снижение артериального давления при комплексной терапии артериальной гипертензии с приемом холекальциферола
Authors: Yakubova L.V. , Snezhitskiy V.A. , Vdovichenko V.P.
Published: April 2021

Целью исследования был расчет затрат на снижение артериального давления (АД) при комплексной терапии артериальной гипертензии (АГ) с приемом холекальциферола и без него. Материалы и методы. 154 пациента с АГ II степени были распределены в группу принимавших комбинированную антигипертензивную терапию и холекальциферол 2000 МЕ/сут (АГ(+Х)) и группу сравнения (АГ(–Х)). Измеряли офисное артериальное давление, уровень общего витамина D в крови. Рассчитывались затраты на медикаментозную терапию. Результаты. При повторном обследовании уровень витамина D в крови повысился и в группе АГ(+Х) стал выше (р = 0,0000001), чем в группе АГ(–Х). Стоимость медикаментозной терапии на 1 человека в группе АГ(+Х) была выше, чем в группе АГ(–Х) (106,8 и 91,5 $ соответственно), однако стоимость снижения 1 мм рт. ст. систолического артериального давления (САД) в группе АГ(+Х) была на 3,9 $ меньше, чем в группе АГ(–Х). Прием холекальциферола в дозе 2000 МЕ/сут на протяжении 3 мес. позволяет достичь оптимального уровня витамина D в организме в 83% случаев независимо от антигипертензивной терапии. Прием холекальциферола в дозе 2000 МЕ/сут от 6,5 до 12 мес. позволяет достичь оптимального уровня витамина D в крови в 100% случаев. Наибольшая динамика повышения уровня 25(ОН)D в крови в ответ на прием холекальциферола наблюдается при исходном его уровне < 20 нг/мл. Выводы. Экономические затраты на снижение САД с более частым достижением его целевых значений были наименьшими при комплексной терапии с использованием холекальциферола, особенно в сочетании с диуретиком. Кроме того, при комплексной терапии мы получили коррекцию не только АД, но и статуса витамина D в организме.
Клинический случай развития ретроперитонеального фиброза (болезни Ормонда) в практике ревматолога
Authors: Trypilka S.А. , Yehudina Ye.D.
Published: April 2021

Забрюшинный (ретроперитонеальный) фиброз (РПФ) — редкое заболевание, характеризующееся разрастанием воспалительной и фиброзной ткани в забрюшинном пространстве. Обычно эти разрастания локализуются вокруг инфраренальной части брюшной аорты и подвздошных артерий, часто покрывая мочеточники или другие органы брюшной полости. Идиопатические заболевания составляют 70% случаев. РПФ может быть ассоциирован с иммуноглобулином G4 (IgG4), что является причиной двух третей случаев идиопатического РПФ. Вторичный РПФ может развиться вследствие инфекций, злокачественных новообразований, приема лекарственных препаратов, забрюшинного кровотечения или других заболеваний. Описан клинический случай идиопатического РПФ, вероятно, ассоциированного с IgG4, у пациента, прошедшего симптоматическое оперативное лечение в урологической клинике и продолжившего лечение у ревматолога патогенетической терапией (метилпреднизолон и мофетила микофенолат) со значительным улучшением. Для ревматологов данная патология представляет безусловный клинический интерес, поскольку, с одной стороны, в основе данных изменений лежат процессы, аналогичные таковым при системных заболеваниях соединительной ткани, а с другой стороны — это редкая патология, встречаемость РПФ составляет от 0,1 до 1,3 случая на 100000 человек в год. Однако чаще такие пациенты сразу попадают на прием к врачам смежных специальностей (урологам, нефрологам, хирургам, сосудистым хирургам), что подчеркивает важность разбора такого клинического случая.
Objek Wisata Berbasis Olahraga Paralayang Kota Wisata Batu Jawa Timur
Authors: Pamungkas Dhimas Aryo , Lainah Naula Friska Meifika , Zulaikha Siti
Published: April 2021

Atraksi dan paralayang di banyak puncak gunung di Kota Batu, Jawa Timur. Objek wisata ini memang telah dikenal sebagai wisata yang menghadirkan pemandangan indah dan suasana alam. Sektor pariwisata telah menjadi sektor utama dan telah menjadi tulang punggung perekonomian negara. Indonesia sebagai negara yang memiliki sumber daya alam yang melimpah berpotensi untuk mengembangkan destinasi wisata alam dan ekowisata. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif, peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian dengan metode wawancara. Penelitian ini akan mencoba menjelaskan bagaimana daya tarik pengunjung menggunakan paralayang di objek wisata Paralayang Kota Batu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif. Penambangan data menggunakan teknik wawancara. Wawancara yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara tidak terstruktur. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah atraksi paralayang di banyak puncak gunung, Kota Batu sedang dalam proses mengembangkan tujuan wisata di Kota Batu. Kota Batu adalah salah satu daerah yang semakin meningkatkan eksistensinya di bidang pariwisata berbasis alam. Salah satu objek wisata alam yang berbasis di Kota Batu adalah Paragliding. Paralayang adalah objek wisata yang juga merupakan olahraga yang mengandung unsur rekreasi.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH MELALUI RETRIBUSI SEKTOR PARIWISATA (Studi Kasus Kawasan Wisata Dataran Tinggi Dieng Kabupaten Wonosobo)
Authors: Novianti Reni , M. Baga Lukman , Falatehan A. Faroby
Published: April 2021

Kabupaten Wonosobo memiliki potensi pada sektor pariwisata, salah satunya objek wisata Dataran Tinggi Dieng. Pariwisata merupakan salah satu sektor yang berpotensi memberikan kontribusi terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Akan tetapi, kontribusi PAD Wonosobo dalam pembiayaan belanja daerah kurang dari 15 persen. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dilaksanakannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kondisi objek wisata terhadap beberapa atribut dengan menggunakan analisis IPA; mengestimasi nilai willingness to pay pengunjung dengan menggunakan Contingent Valuation Method (CVM); serta merumuskan strategi peningkatan PAD Kabupaten Wonosobo melalui peningkatan retribusi objek wisata Dataran Tinggi Dieng dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Hasil analisis IPA menunjukkan atribut kondisi jalan menuju kawasan wisata, kebersihan, pelayanan, promosi, penanganan keluhan pengunjung, kemacetan, tempat pembuangan sampah, fasilitas toilet dan musholla menjadi prioritas utama untuk diperbaiki. Sedangkan dari hasil analisis CVM diperoleh nilai WTP sebesar Rp16 513 per orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut serta hasil wawancara yang telah dilakukan, dapat teridentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menjadi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman yang dituangkan dalam matriks SWOT. Terdapat lima strategi yang berperan dalam peningkatan retribusi objek wisata dataran tinggi dieng yaitu: 1) Meningkatkan kerjasama dalam pengelolaan dan pengembangan sumberdaya wisatayang memiliki daya tarik; 2) Membangun sistem yang terintegrasi; 3) membangun dan memperbaiki sarana dan fasilitas umum; 4) memperbaiki akses menuju objek wisata; dan 5) merumuskan peraturan yang mengatur tentang pariwisata, pengelolaan objek wisata beserta elemen-elemennya.
APLIKASI ANALISIS SWOT KUANTITATIF UNTUK FORMULASI STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA PERDESAAN DI KAWASAN LERENG MERAPI, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Purwohandoyo Joni , Lubis Bobby Tumpal , Saputra Okta Fajar
Published: April 2021

Kawasan lereng Merapi bagian selatan merupakan salah satu kawasan strategis di DIY. Kawasan ini memiliki potensi yang cukup beragam, salah satunya adalah desa-desa wisata yang tersebar di kawasan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji strategi pengembangan desa-desa wisata dengan menggunakan metode SWOT kuantitatif. Terdapat 12 (dua belas) desawisata yang berada pada kuadran I, 1 (satu) desa wisata pada kuadran II, 2 (dua) desa wisata dikuadran IV dan tidak ada yang berada di kuadran III. Strategi penguatan potensi internal (daya tarik, aksesibilitas, infrastruktur, pengelolaan) dan peningkatan kapasitas eksternal (pemasaran, jejaring investasi dan pengurangan resiko bencana) merupakan strategi pokok untuk mendorong peningkatan perkembangan desa-desa wisata tersebut. Untuk desa wisata pada kuadran II dan IV (Pancoh, Dukuh, Garongan), aspek internal dan eksternal perlu semakin intensif untuk diperkuat. Diperlukan upaya yang serius dan berkelanjutan untuk pengembangan ketiga desa wisata tersebut.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA MELALUI MEDIA
Authors: Hilman Yusuf Adam
Published: April 2021

Pembangunan pariwisata di Jawa Timur bisa dijadikan sebagai salah satu contoh, bagaimana pengelolaannya menggunakan beberapa strategi, yang bisa diukur dan juga dievaluasi secara berkesimbungan, diantaranya: Membuat kebijakan pariwisata yang terintegrasi di daerah mulai tingkat Kabupaten/kota hingga pedesaan, supaya stakeholder, masyarakat, dan pengusaha (Private sector) bisa bersinergi, dalam proses pembuatan kebijakan sehingga nantinya kebijakan yang dibuat, bisa kuat dan dukunganpun mengalir dari semua pihak, Membangun Brand Tourism untuk mengembangkan wisata lokal, Membuat event wisata tahunan, sebagai bentuk publikasi dalam upaya untuk memperkenalkan potensi daerah, Membangun sarana transportasi, jalan, dan angkutan untuk mempermudah aksesbilitas, para pelancong guna mencapai destinasi wisata yang dituju. Hasilnya bisa kita saksikan, bagaimana Provinsi Jawa Timur Akhirnya berhasil, mengembangkan daerahnya dengan potensi yang dimiliki, dengan bukti bahwa ada peningkatan pengunjung ke Jawa Timur, serta tingginya perolehan pendapatan dari sektor wisata, membangun band Image serta meembuat even wisata menjadi kunci penting, yang membuat geliat pariwisata di Jawa Timur banyak menarik simpatik wisatawan baik regional maupun internasional.
ANALISIS OFF STREET PARKING DAN ON STREET PARKING DI OBYEK WISATA GOA GONG
Authors: Sulistiani Sulistiani
Published: April 2021

Kabupaten Pacitan dikenal dengan “Kota 1001 Goa” dan salah satu ikonnya adalah Goa Gong. Ketersediaan fasilitas parkir yang memadai merupakan salah satu faktor yang menentukan tingkat kunjungan wisatawan. Banyaknya kendaraan yang parkir di badan jalan terjadi karena kapasitas ruang parkir yang tersedia tidak mencukupi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi fasilitas parkir di Obyek Wisata Goa Gong menggunakan Program Auto Parkir. Analisis fasilitas parkir dilakukan pada off-street parking. Analisis parkir dengan bantuan program Autoparkir. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ketersediaan fasilitas parkir di Obyek Wisata Goa Gong masih belum memadai sehingga diperlukan penambahan kapasitas ruang parkir, terutama pada hari minggu pada parkir mobil dan bus, dimana kapasitas parkir yang tersedia sekitar 200 SRP, sedangkan sesuai dengan pedoman parkir untuk tempat rekreasi dengan luas 17 Ha seharusnya disediakan 300 SRP. Prioritas penanganan masalah fasilitas parkir adalah penambahan kapasitas parkir, sedangkan alternatif lain adalah dengan manajemen parkirmelalui pembatasan durasi parkir dan tarif parkir.
Aplicación de inteligencia artificial y técnicas de aprendizaje automático para la evaluación de la susceptibilidad por movimientos en masa
Authors: Ospina-Gutiérrez Juan Pablo , Aristizábal Edier
Published: April 2021

Los movimientos en masa son uno de los fenómenos de origen natural con mayores pérdidas humanas y económicas alrededor del mundo, por lo que la evaluación de la susceptibilidad y amenaza es una herramienta fundamental para la ordenación de territorios. Existe en la reciente literatura una amplia gama de algoritmos de Inteligencia Artificial con aproximaciones diversas para evaluar y zonificar la susceptibilidad por movimiento en masa. En el presente estudio se implementaron diferentes algoritmos de Aprendizaje Automático para la cuenca de la quebrada La Miel, en los Andes colombianos, con el objetivo de evaluar el desempeño y la capacidad de predicción entre los diferentes modelos. Los resultados obtenidos para este caso de estudio arrojan que los modelos ensamblados tipo boosting presentan los mejores valores en términos de desempeño y capacidad de predicción, contrastando con los modelos paramétricos lineales y señalando las limitaciones de éstos en la modelización de problemas complejos, como los movimientos en masa.
Forecasting the Dynamics of Energy Consumption in the City of Sevastopol Using Neural Network Algorithms
Authors: Kotelnikov D. Y. , Kuznetsov P. N. , Kuvshinov V. V. , Yakimovich B. A. , Oleynikov A. M.
Published: April 2021

Мировое потребление электрической энергии с каждым годом заметно возрастает, что приводит к повышению интереса крупных потребителей и производителей электроэнергии к такой процедуре, как прогнозирование энергопотребления. Информация, полученная в результате прогнозирования, может быть использована для рационального распределения текущей нагрузки во времени, а также корректного расчета перспективной нагрузки; помимо этого становится возможным уменьшение продолжительности пиковых нагрузок, что позволит повысить надежность энергопотребления. Благодаря результатам прогноза компании – производители электроэнергии смогут выстроить более точную экономическую модель развития и принять решение о целесообразности расширения уже имеющейся инфраструктуры. Из вышеуказанного следует, что прогноз энергопотребления позволит уменьшить финансовые потери компаний – производителей и потребителей электроэнергии.Предложена методика выявления типовых профилей суточной динамики энергопотребления, основывающаяся на методах нейросетевого анализа и нейросетеваой классификации. Выявленные типовые профили в дальнейшем стали базисом для проведения процедуры прогнозирования энергопотребления. Профили представлены в виде графиков суточной динамики энергопотребления, что позволяет наглядно и точно оценивать особенности энергопотребления для каждого из фидеров распределительной сети. Также описаны промежуточные этапы, которые были осуществлены для выявления типовых профилей. Проведена процедура прогнозирования энергопотребления, основывающаяся на использовании выявленных типовых профилей, а также оценка ее достоверности.
COVID-19: Implications on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Japan
Authors: Abdullah Alias , Seng Wee Bee , Mohd Huda Mohd Ikbal , Musa Noor Azlina
Published: April 2021

The Coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak has affected all business sectors. The state of emergency, limited movement order and social distancing are amongst the preemptive efforts of the Japanese government to safeguard public health. While recognizing the importance of preventing the immense spread of the virus, there are certain unexplored impacts of the movement control measure on the SMEs in Japan. The objective is to scrutinize the repercussions of the Covid-19 on SMEs in Japan. The study applies a qualitative approach through the analysis of the secondary data from the internet, as well as from the Japanese official government and business association. this article intends to scrutinize the actual implications of the Japanese’s state of emergency on SMEs businesses and to identify the survival strategies of the business. Thus, this study differs from other methods such as other quick online surveys that commonly conducted by market surveys. Our findings contribute towards the actual challenges faced by the SMEs during the pandemic crisis.
Tokyo Gubernatorial Election During Pandemic: Democracy VS "Demo" Crazy
Authors: Hassan Asmadi , Azman Muhammad Danial
Published: April 2021

COVID-19 has plunged the world into chaos. Global cases increase every day, impacting economic, social and political sectors. Japan is among the impacted countries. How does it deal with the pandemic? The aim of this article is to examine the election in the Tokyo Prefecture area during the pandemic. It is a gubernatorial election that was held on July 5, 2020. The election was held when a seat vacancy occurred as demanded by democratic processes. At the same time, the election was held while the COVID-19 pandemic was spreading across the country, which included Tokyo. Therefore, this article juxtaposes the term democracy against "demo"crazy (you crazy) to show the conflict of norms between the demands of democracy and the madness of holding elections when the situation is considered inappropriate. The term “demo”crazy is a mix of Kelantan Malay words representing you and crazy (madness). The combination of the words translates as "you are crazy." It also reflects that holding elections at the wrong time is considered to be madness. How did the candidates conduct their campaigns and the voting? What was the content of the campaigns during the pandemic? What was the effect of the elections? This study uses the library research methodology to answer these questions. This study found that the demand for democracy was more important than waiting for a possible recovery in the situation. Although holding an election was considered a crazy move, as a supporter of democracy, an election was still considered to be a priority.
Leadership In Time of Crisis: The COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan and Reflections for Malaysia
Authors: Azman Muhammad Danial , Hassan Asmadi
Published: April 2021

The 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak was one of the most massive pandemics in history, with over 29.6 million people infected, including over 400,000 cases in Japan. This article describes the leadership tasks in a time of crisis during the different stages of Japan’s COVID-19 strategy under Shinzo Abe and Yoshihide Suga's leadership. Our aim is to formulate lessons from Japan for Malaysia. Shallow assessments of leadership performance often accompany the deeply rooted belief in the importance of political leadership. Such reviews never arrive more quickly than in the wake of crises - dramatic disasters of COVID-19 cases and Abe's resignation from the prime minister post. While symbolic performance is necessary (if only because it can arouse the public), it is one of the plausible avenues for the public to express their political judgements upon leadership in a time of crisis. In this article, we adopted a qualitative method of library research and highlights the many expected tasks of Japanese prime ministers to perform, and we offer a lesson for Malaysia in times of crisis
COVID-19 Strengthens the Solidarity and Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Japan Cooperation
Authors: Mohd Huda Mohd Ikbal , Masrol Siti Noor Adilah
Published: April 2021

This article examines the initiatives of The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and Japan through the cooperation of Government to Government (G2G) and the Special ASEAN Summit to combat the pandemic collectively. The initial cooperation through the coordinated “Integrated Recovery Plan” has been very significant for the future of ASEAN and the resilience of a post-COVID-19 world by way of maintaining market stability in order to avoid the potential risk of economic recessions and public health emergencies. This synergism is seen as one of the best mechanisms to help ASEAN in ensuring socio-economic activities are restored and the welfare of about 600 million people is addressed. This research found that ASEAN Plus Three (APT) cooperation should formulate a Regional Recovery Plan and emphasize that the continuity of the supply chain should be maintained to ensure a smooth flow of food and medical supplies. Secondly, APT cooperation needs to be committed to the continuation of opening up markets, maintaining normal trade, services and investment flow in order to continue strengthening regional economic resilience. Thirdly, APT needs to formulate a plan that focuses not only on financial aspects (post-COVID-19 economic recovery) but also on social security networks, food security and education.
Impact of Interprofessional Care Conferences Across Primary Care and Mental Health Organizations on Family Medicine Resident Learning
Authors: Hager Keri D. , Albee Jen Nelson , O'Donnell Carolyn , Jackson Sarah , King Amelia , MacDonald Danielle A. , Nash Cynthia , Yapel Ann , Schneiderhan Mark E. , Dean Katherine
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: Patients with severe mental illness often lack care coordination between primary care and mental health providers which can negatively impact patient outcomes. Team-based care is integral in the effective management of patients with multiple comorbidities, with the family physician central in coordinating holistic care. Family medicine residency programs must provide models of effective interprofessional collaboration and mental health treatment to prepare residents to navigate an evolving health care landscape. The objective of this study was to evaluate family medicine residents’ learning about providing holistic care with an interprofessional team and medication safety monitoring from the interprofessional cross-organizational care conference experience.
Methods: To bridge care and cultivate the necessary skills, a family medicine clinic and mental health clinic implemented monthly interprofessional care conferences to coordinate care for their shared patients during 2019. Residents who participated in the care conference each (n=11) completed a retrospective pre/postsurvey (11/11=100% response rate) to gather perceptions of what they learned from the interprofessional care conference experience.
Results: After participating in the care conference, all residents agreed they understood the elements that must be considered to provide holistic patient care, were confident conducting medication safety monitoring for their patients taking second-generation antipsychotics (eg, lipids, A1C, ECG), and agreed the care conference helped them develop a more comprehensive patient-centered care plan. Additionally, they all intend to work collaboratively across professions in the future.
Conclusions: Interprofessional and cross-organizational care conferences create an authentic learning environment that enhances family medicine residents’ understanding and confidence in providing collaborative and holistic care for patients with severe and persistent mental illness.
Changes in Family Medicine Clerkship Teaching Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Everard Kelly  M. , Schiel Kimberly Zoberi
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: On March 17, 2020, the Association of American Medical Colleges recommended temporary suspension of all medical student clinical activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which required a rapid development of alternatives to traditional teaching methods. This study examines education changes spurred by COVID-19.
Methods: Data were collected via a Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance survey of family medicine clerkship directors. Participants answered questions about didactic and clinical changes made to clerkship teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic, how positive the changes were, whether the changes would be made permanent, and how prepared clerkship directors were for the changes.
Results: The response rate was 64%. The most frequent change made to didactic teaching was increasing online resources. The most frequent change made to clinical teaching was adding clinical simulation. Greater changes were made to clinical teaching than to didactic teaching. Changes made to didactic teaching were perceived as more positive for student learning than the changes made to clinical teaching. Clerkship directors felt more prepared for changes to didactic teaching than for clinical teaching, and were more likely to make the didactic teaching changes permanent than the clinical teaching changes.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic caused nearly all clerkship directors to make changes to clerkship teaching, but few felt prepared to make these changes, particularly changes to clinical teaching. Clerkship directors made fewer changes to didactic teaching than clinical teaching, however, didactic changes were perceived as more positive than clinical changes and were more likely to be adopted long term.
Matching 25% of Medical Students in Family Medicine by 2030: Realistic or Beyond Our Reach?
Authors: David Alan K.
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: This article examines the America Needs More Family Doctors: 25x2030 Collaborative goal of “25x30”—that 25% of all medical students will enter family medicine residency programs by the year 2030. Filling 25% of all available postgraduate year-1 positions in the match is an important consideration in creating a strong primary care workforce. Data from the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) matches for 2010 and 2020 are reviewed to examine trends not only in the US MD and DO categories, but also US international medical school graduates (IMGs) and non-US IMG categories over the last 10 years. If the total number of all programs and of all positions offered were held constant in 2030, what shifts in student choices would be required to reach the 25x30 goal in each applicant category as well as for all four categories combined? This discussion explores resources, power, physician income, and other factors that affect student numbers. Until a national health system is developed with national goals and priorities, it is unlikely that 25x30 will become a reality.
The Moyooka: Socio-Cultural Value of Halmahera Woman in Rural Household Livelihood
Authors: Singgalen Yerik Afrianto
Published: April 2021

This article aims to describe the socio-cultural value of Halmahera woman, known as Moyooka, in rural household livelihood. This research conducted in North Halmahera District, North Maluku Province of Indonesia. Qualitative method and case study approaches were used to examine the role of Halmahera woman in sustaining rural household livelihood through the case of Boeng and Huboto tribes, located in Tunuo and Pitu Village. In-depth interviews, observation, and document studies were used during data collection process. The triangulation technique was used in data processing through Nvivo 12 Plus to guarantee the validity of the information. This research shows that the cultural symbol, art, and material of Moyooka influence the social structure and functions which in turn determine the rural household livelihood. In the context of Moyooka, rural household livelihood supported by socio-cultural value through the availability, mobility, and capability of access to resources. In addition, vulnerability context such as shocks (Covid-19 epidemic) and trends (fluctuation in the price of staples) also determines the rural livelihood security in the agriculture and tourism sector.
The Debt Status of Commercial Company under Gharimin Perspective
Authors: Hardi Eja Armaz , Arifin Sirajul , Djamaluddin Burhan
Published: April 2021

Currently, commercial entity companies are not regarded yet as one of the groups that receive the zakat. This paper examines the debt status and its micro and macro-economic implications of corporations that experienced the debt shackled in the zakat system through analogy on personal gharim (person in the burden debt). The analysis presented here has been designed on a library research, an analogy method, as well as seen from a debt trap theory. This paper particularly argues that in the twist condition of enterprises to repay their debt, a commercial company may be entitled as the recipient of zakat on behalf of gharim (the fifth group who receives the zakat). It further argues that the loan of the commercial company has a larger impact than individual gharim. Synchronizing the entity companies as “syakhsun i’tibariyun” (the legal person) to the personal obligation to pay zakat is matched to be the reasons for their gharim’s status. The results of this paper contribute to expanding the recipient of zakat on behalf of gharim and enhance the insight of zakat distribution in Islamic philanthropy institutions.
ASSESSMENT OF DROUGHT PROCESS WITH INTEGRATED MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING METHODS
Authors: BOYACI Selma , KÜÇÜKÖNDER Hande
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to prioritize the factors affecting the drought, which is an important issue for the sustainability of agricultural production, and classify the factors by the severity of dry periods. An integrated decision model based on multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques, Entropy, TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and MAUT (Multi Attribute Utility Theory) methods, was presented in the study. The proposed decision model was applied on a numerical case study to determine the drought periods, considering some climatic parameters between 1971 and 2019 in Kırşehir province. The Entropy-weighted results relative to TOPSIS and MAUT methods indicated 17 drought years within the last 49 years, and the drought severity in 17 years was classified in three different levels as weak, moderate and severe. Ten out of 17 years were weakly drought (20.41%), 6 of them were moderate drought (12.24%), and 1 year was serious drought (2.04%). The results of MAUT method showed that 11 of 17 years were weak drought (22.45%), 5 were moderate drought (10.20%) and 1 was serious drought (2.04%). The results revealed that the use of multi-criteria decision making models such as Entropy, TOPSIS and MAUT can support the decision analysis for combating agricultural drought in fruit growing by using long-term climatic factors.
Intraoperative Ultrasonographic Assessment of Vocal Cord motion following pediatric thyroidectomy in the Era of COVID-19, a double-blind study
Authors: Zavdy Ofir , Schwarz Michael , Gilony Dror , Bachar Gideon , Gilat Hanna , Hod Roy
Published: April 2021

Unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP) is a known complication of
thyroid surgery, due to iatrogenic recurrent laryngeal nerve injury,
with reported rates of 2-5% in children. The gold standard for
assessing vocal cord function in flexible nasendoscopy (FNE)
examination, which is considered high-risk for contraction of the
COVID-19 virus. Intraoperative ultrasonographic assessment (IUA) of
vocal cord function is a non-invasive and relatively simple procedure,
performed in a supine position under general anesthesia. Objectives: To
evaluate the validity of IUA modality in children undergoing
thyroidectomy, and to compare it to the standard FNE. Design: A
prospective double-blind study covering 24 months (March 2019-March
2021). Twenty thyroid lobectomies were performed, during 15 surgeries.
Vocal cord function was assessed three times: Preoperatively by FNE,
intraoperative (IUA) following extubation, and a second FNE on the first
post-operative day. Settings: A tertiary pediatric hospital. Results:
The overall accuracy of IUA results in our study was 92%. IUA
sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were
100%, 89%, 33%, and 100% respectively. Patient’s age demonstrated
borderline significance (p= 0.08). The resident’s experience was
associated with a better correlation between IUA and FNE results
(p<0.05). Conclusions: IUA of vocal cord motion has a high
accuracy rate for detection of iatrogenic vocal cord paralysis, similar
to FNE. It is easily learned by residents, well tolerated by children,
and it provides a safe and valid alternative modality while ensuring the
safety of the medical staff in treating patients, especially in times of
COVID-19 pandemic.
Where Is It Logical to Break-Up A Ureter Stone with Endoscopic Surgery?
Authors: Caniklioğlu Mehmet , Selmi Volkan , SARI Sercan , Öztekin Ünal , Işıkay Levent
Published: April 2021

Aims: Today, we have technology to break up a ureter stone in ureter as
well as in renal pelvis during ureterorenoscopic procedures. In the
past, when this option was not available, the surgeons improved several
techniques and antiretropulsion devices in order not to let the stone
migrate through renal pelvis. However, we still do not know whether it
is advantageous to dust a stone in ureter where it is impacted or in a
wider area such as renal pelvis. This study was carried out to clarify
whether it is advantageous to breaking an upper ureter stone up where it
is enclaved or in a wider area such as renal pelvis. Study Design: The
data of 134 patients who underwent semirigid ureterorenoscopy (srURS)
due to single and primary upper ureteral stones were included in our
study and analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two
groups according to the development of spontaneous push-up during
surgery (Group 1: non-push-up group, Group 2: push-up group). Results:
Laboratory findings were changed significantly in both groups before and
after surgery. However, this change was not significant between the
groups. Operation times were statistically similar in both groups in
contrast with the literature. Stone-free rates were significantly higher
in srURS than in flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) (p<0,05).
Complication rates were also found similar in this study. Conclusion:
The application of srURS after fixing an upper ureter stone at its
location using a Stone Cone® results in higher stone-free rates than
pushing it back in order to dust it in renal pelvis. We recommend srURS
supported by an antiretropulsion method as a treatment for upper
ureteral stones.
COMPARISON OF SERUM KIM-1 AND MIOX LEVELS IN PATIENTS THAT UNDERWENT PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY AND FLEXIBLE URETERORENOSCOPY
Authors: ALTUN ABDULSEMET , Bozkurt Aliseydi , Erdoğan Abdullah , MERTOĞLU CUMA , HİRİK ERKAN , Keskin Ercüment , TURAN ABDULLAH
Published: April 2021

Aim: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and retrograde intrarenal
surgery (RIRS) are common surgical methods in the treatment of kidney
stones. Possible effects on kidneys are an important factor in
determining the surgical procedure and the surgical method. In our
study, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and myo-inositol oxygenase
(MIOX) were used to compare acute kidney injury in patients that
underwent PNL and RIRS. Material and Method:Eighty patients aged 20 to
75, who underwent PNL or RIRS in our urology clinic between November
2018 and February 2020 were included in the study. In this prospective
study, the demographic characteristics, stone size, operation time,
preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin and biochemistry values of the
patients were recorded. 5 cc blood samples taken from the patients
before the operation and at the fourth hour after the operation were
centrifuged and kept at -80 °C, and the KIM-1 and MIOX levels were
measured in the biochemistry department. Results: There was no
difference between the groups in terms of demographic data; however,the
operation time and length of hospital stay were significantly longer in
the PNL group. The mean increase in MIOX was 10.583±9.73 ng/ml and
7.501±16.46 ng/ml in the PNL and RIRS groups, respectively. Although
there was a statistically significant increase in both groups, this
increase was greater in the PNL group. A significant increase was
observed only in the PNL group in the postoperative period (p=0.003).
Discussion and Conclusion:The findings of the study suggest that the PNL
procedure causes more damage to the kidneys than RIRS.
Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to erenumab in a patient with chronic migraine
Authors: Manickam Agaath Hedina , Buture Alina , Tomkins Esther , Ruttledge Martin
Published: April 2021

The case of a 45 year old female with chronic migraine undergoing
treatment with erenumab 70 mg subcutaneous injection who developed
Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) as a side effect with relevant clinical
implications two weeks after the second dose of erenumab injection.
Innovative mark-recapture experiment shows patterns of selection on transcript abundance in the wild
Authors: Josephson Matthew , Bull James
Published: April 2021

A fundamental aspect of evolutionary biology is natural selection on
trait variation. Classically, selection has been estimated primarily on
external morphological traits such as beak size and coloration, or on
easily-assayable physiological traits such as heat-tolerance. As
technologies and methods improved, evolutionary biologists began
examining selection on molecular traits such as protein sequences and
cellular processes. In a From the Cover manuscript in this issue of
Molecular Ecology, Ahmad et al. (2021) continue this trend by estimating
parasite driven selection on the molecular trait of transcript abundance
in a wild population of brown trout (Salmo trutta) by uniquely combining
a mark-recapture experimental design with non-invasive RNA sampling.
Using transcript abundance to estimate selection allows for many
different traits (each unique gene’s transcript counts) to be tested in
a single experiment, providing the opportunity to examine trends in
selection. Ahmad et al.(2021) find directional selection strength on
transcript counts is generally low and normally distributed.
Surprisingly, transcripts under non-linear selection showed a disruptive
selection bias contradicting previous comparative studies and
theoretical work. This highlights the importance of within-generation
selection studies, where mechanisms may differ from longer time frames.
Their manuscript also highlights the benefits of an improved 3’ RNA
sequencing technique to measure gene expression.
Recent speciation and hybridization in Icelandic deep-sea isopods: an integrative approach using genomics and proteomics
Authors: Paulus Eva , Brix Saskia , Siebert Annabelle , Arbizu Pedro Martínez , Rossel Sven , Peters Janna , Svavarsson Jörundur , Schwentner Martin
Published: April 2021

The isopod species Haploniscus bicuspis (G.O. Sars, 1877) shows
circum-Icelandic distribution in a wide range of environmental
conditions and along well-known geographic barriers, such as the
Greenland-Iceland-Faroe (GIF) Ridge. We wanted to explore population
genetics, phylogeography and cryptic speciation as well as to
investigate whether previously described, but unaccepted subspecies have
any merit. Using the same set of specimens, we combined mitochondrial
COI sequences, thousands of nuclear loci (ddRAD), and proteomic
profiles, plus selected morphological characters using Confocal Laser
Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). Five divergent genetic lineages were
identified by COI and ddRAD, two south and three north of the GIF Ridge.
Assignment of populations to the three northern lineages varied and
detailed analyses revealed hybridization and gene flow between them,
suggesting a single northern species with a complex phylogeographic
history. No apparent hybridization was observed among lineages south of
the Ridge, inferring the existence of two more species. Differences in
proteomic profiles between the three putative species were minimal,
implying an ongoing or recent speciation process. Population
differentiation was high, even among closely associated populations, and
higher in mitochondrial COI than nuclear ddRAD loci. Gene flow is
apparently male-biased, leading to hybrid zones and instances of
complete exchange of the local nuclear genome through immigrating males.
This study did not confirm the existence of subspecies defined by male
characters, which probably characterize different male developmental
stages present in all species.
Romanized Sindhi Rules for Text Communication
Authors: Sodhar Irum Naz , Jalbani Akhtar Hussain , Channa Muhammad Ibrahim , Hakro Dil Nawaz
Published: April 2021

Sindhi is one of the historical languages which is widely used in all over the world, but especially in the province of Sindh Pakistan. Sindhi language has its own script and written by the right-handed. Nowadays the use of different Sindhi platforms is increasing especially for communication. The majority of the people of Sindh province read, write and speak very well, but they face the problem in text communication while using different communication platforms. However, the users of computer and mobile phone feel trouble/difficulty during the use of the Sindhi script in typing of text messages, tweets and comments while using different platforms in computer and mobile phone. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one of the better options for the solution of these problems of text communication on different platforms. For the proper solution of text communication issues, Romanized Sindhi text is used instead of Sindhi text. Romanized text writing is easier than the Sindhi text writing because Sindhi text writing needs the special type of keyboard while writing of Romanized text does not need any special type of keyboard. For the writing of Romanized Sindhi text, rules are defined in this paper which provide easiness during writing and understanding of the text. Romanized Sindhi Rules (RSR) are simple and easy to understand the meaning of the text and provide fast communication (text). This study is also helpful for further research in the Romanized Sindhi text by using different approaches and provides easiness in communication.
Novel Blind Signcryption Scheme for E-Voting System Based on Elliptic Curves
Authors: Waheed Abdul , Din Nizamud , Umar Arif Iqbal , Ullah Riaz , Amin Noor -ul-
Published: April 2021

To make the electoral process more secure, comfortable, and universal, it is essential to use modern cryptographic techniques for ensuring the anonymity of information in the electronic voting system. In many emerging applications like electronic voting data anonymity as well as un-traceability are the most essential security properties. To ensure these properties we present here in this paper a more secure and comparatively efficient blind signcryption scheme using the Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem (ECC). The existing e-voting schemes are based on El-Gamal and the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman(RSA) cryptosystems which are not only expensive approaches but also lack the security features like unlinkability and forward secrecy. In our proposed scheme we use a low-cost elliptic curve cryptosystem with 160 bits key as compared to El-Gamal 2048 bits key and RSA 1024 bits key. In this scheme signer signs the message blindly without knowing the original contents then the voter forward signcrypted vote to polling server. The polling server is the actual voter data verifier or validator. The polling server checks the validity/authenticity of the voter and has the right to accept or reject the vote. Moreover, this scheme offers forward secrecy, unlinkability, and non-repudiation in addition to the basic security features like confidentiality, authenticity, integrity, and unforgeability. Overall performance evaluation proves that our scheme is comparatively more efficient in terms of computational and communicational costs. Furthermore, this scheme is suitable for the e-voting system due to its lower cost and extra security features.
An Intelligent Three-Level Digital Watermarking Method for Document Protection
Authors: Khadim Umair , Iqbal Muhammad Munwar , Azam Muhammad Awais
Published: April 2021

Digital text is the most frequent interchange form of data that could hold sensitive information such as audit firms, banks, and educational institutes. This sensitive information needs to preserve its integrity and originality so that it could not only secure the data but also helps to identify ownership of text documents. This paper presents a novel and invisible digital watermarking approach for the secure exchange of text documents over the internet. Digital watermarking serves from the last decade for detection of forgery and tempering from digital text documents and maintained the copyright and authentication successfully. Many states of the art watermark techniques achieve high imperceptibility, robustness, and high hidden capacity; unfortunately failed to maintain the balance among these three conflicting parameters. As resolvent, we propose an intelligent Three-Level Digital Watermarking (3LDW) system for text documents copyright protection. 3LDW system can be applied to Microsoft Word objects, document open spaces, and text feature coding without affecting the content of the original document. Experimental results reveal that our proposed 3LDW system strongly resist against formatting attacks and efficiently preserves the imperceptibility. Additionally, embedding capacity analysis demonstrates a prominent improvement of the proposed system as compared to other similar approaches.
Impact of Critical Risks on the Major Constraints of Small Engineering Projects
Authors: Raza Syed Hassan , Khalid Rameez , Wasif Muhammad
Published: April 2021

In this research, generic and specific risks related to the critical activities of the engineering projects are identified. The surveys and interviews from various project managers and engineers of the leading consultant firms conducting engineering projects in Pakistan are the core identifiers. Specific risks associated with the common engineering projects are qualitatively analyzed to prioritize the risks according to their impact on the schedule and cost of the project. Critical activities related to the specific risks are identified. Estimated man-hours without and with quantitative risk assessment have been determined to study the impact of including risk analysis on the schedule and cost of the engineering projects. The relationship between the critical activities and the total man-hours have also been developed to identify the most critical activity or activities influencing the man-hours and ultimately the cost of the project. The likelihood of occurrence of risks are also related to the man-hour completion, to analyze the effect of certainty of the man-hour’s determination, which is an important aspect of estimating schedule, EMV and finally cost. Using the analysis, it has been inferred that the 95% confidence level is not suitable all the time for the estimation of risk impact on the schedule and cost. It increases the man-hour estimation resulting in less competitive proposal to win the project.
Bacillus Subtilis as Self-Healing Agent in Cement Mortar: Combined and the Separate Effect of Bacteria and Calcium Lactate on Self-Healing Behavior in Cement Mortar
Authors: Muhammad Sohail , Ahmed Siddiqui Humair , Abro Muhammad Ishaque , Usmani Adil , Malik Muhammad Amjad Anwar
Published: April 2021

Cement mortar, which is one of the most useful materials for construction applications, can deteriorate its performance by developing cracks. In order to cope with this issue, the materials’ scientist came forward with a unique biogeochemical phenomenon in which cement mortar can selfheal its crack autonomously using calcium carbonate precipitating bacteria and their feed. In this research, it was intended to study the separate and combined effect of Bacillus Subtilis (bacteria) and Calcium Lactate (feed) on the properties of conventional mortar. Cement mortars were made using conventional method and cast in the form of cylinders. Four types of samples were taken. Sample-N contains only cement and sand, Sample-B was made by addition of bacteria Bacillus Subtilis with sand and cement, Sample-C contains Calcium Lactate which is usually used as feed for Bacteria while the last sample ‘BC’ have both Bacteria as well as Calcium Lactate. The samples were observed up to 44 days for their surface characteristics and compressive strength. The Sample-N and B did not show any remarkable change in their surface appearance with respect to curing time. Sample-C and BC did show the precipitation of CaCO3 but the Sample-C precipitation was stopped soon while for Sample-BC, the precipitation was continued for a longer time. The Sample-BC showed the highest compressive strength (approximately 17.57 MPa), followed by Sample-N (approximately 13.32 MPa), Sample-B (approximately 11.04 MPa) while Sample-C displayed lowest strength (approximately 2.75 MPa). This gives an idea that Calcium Lactate which acts as feed for bacteria has the negative effect on the strength if not consumed and converted into CaCO3.
Signal Based Indirect Wheel Profile Estimation Technique for Solid Axle Railway Wheelset
Authors: Shaikh Khurram , Hussain Kalwer Imtiaz , Mal Khakoo , Chowdhry Bhawani Shanker
Published: April 2021

Wheel profile is a very important factor that helps the steering performance of the railway vehicle. However, during the operation, the wheel profile tends to vary inconsistently due to frictional contact at wheel-rail interface. This paper focuses on the problem of railway wheelset profile and its alteration that affects the performance of railway vehicle. Signal-based indirect estimation technique using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is proposed to establish a relationship between dynamic response of vehicle and wheel profile. It is observed that changes in wheel profile has direct impact on the frequency of lateral dynamics. The effect of vehicle speed is also analyzed on the yaw and lateral motions of the wheelset. The effectiveness of the proposed technique in determining the relationship between the frequency of the oscillation and conicity level of the solid axle railway wheelset is demonstrated by developing simulation model in MATLAB and Simulink.