bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenolic and antioxidant capacity retention of potato peel waste as a function of cultivar, pretreatment and drying procedure
Authors: Sethi Shruti , Joshi Alka , Kumar Manoj , HR Raghavendra , BK Pooja , Nayak Swarajya Laxmi , Chauhan O P
Published: April 2023

Drying procedures employed for potato peels (both raw and boiled) may adversely affect the useful bioactivecomponents present in them. This study envisaged the identification of a feasible drying procedure for handlingbulk potato peel waste for maximising the retention of phytochemicals in the peel powder. The total phenols (TP), flavonoids (TF) and antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed in peels of three commercial and one newly developed anthocyanin rich Indian potato cultivars in response to boiling pretreatment and varying drying procedures. Microwave drying (600W) was best in terms of drying rate for both raw and boiled peels. It yielded the greatest amount of TP and TF in the dried raw peel, irrespective of cultivar. Dried raw peels of an thocyanin rich Kufri Neelkanth cultivar exhibited maximum TAC. Retention of TF, metal scavenging activity and reducing power followed almost a similar pattern as TP irrespective of cultivar, pretreatment and drying procedure. Our study shows that potato peel from Kufri Neelkanth (raw) and Kufri Frysona (both raw and boiled) are best source of phenolics and flavonoids and can serve as a suitable matrix for extraction of bioactive compounds which holds promise for use in the food industry.
GC-MS analysis and antibacterial activities of some plants belonging to the genus Euphorbia on selected bacterial isolates
Authors: Al Abboud Mohamed A. , Ismail Khatib Sayeed , Mashraqi Abdullah , Albishi Saad , Al-Namazi Ali A. , Masrahi Yahya S.
Published: April 2023

Plant extracts have always been used as an alternative source of antimicrobial compounds. The recent spread of multi-drug-resistant bacteria and their increased treatment costs necessitated the study of alternative, cheap sources. The family Euphorbiaceae has over 300 genera and is widely used in traditional medicine. Euphorbia triaculeata, E. fractiflexa, and E. inarticulata were selected to study the antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract against 13 Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus strains (including methicillin-resistant S. aureus) and 2 Gram-negative isolates, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, by the Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion test. Paper discs with different concentrations of the extracts (100, 50, and 25 µg mL−1) were prepared, along with the methanol control and standard antibiotic control. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was done to study the phytochemical components present in the plant methanolic extracts. A total of 50 different phytochemical compounds with antibacterial activity were detected by GC/MS analysis of the plants. Twenty-five compounds were detected in E. inarticulata, 24 in E. triaculeata, and 21 in E. fractiflexa. Out of 37 compounds found in E. inarticulata and E. triaculeata, 12 (32.43%) were common to both. Eleven (22%) compounds were unique to E. inarticulata, while 9 (18%) compounds were unique to E. triaculeata, and 13 (26%) compounds were unique to E. fractiflexa. E. fractiflexa showed the best antibacterial activity against MRSA and Gram-negative bacteria. It also showed higher unique compounds with antibacterial activity (26%), followed by E. inarticulata (11, 22%). This is the first GC/MS analysis and antimicrobial activity report of E. triaculeata and E. fractiflexa.
On some conformable boundary value problems in the setting of a new generalized conformable fractional derivative
Authors: Vivas-Cortez Miguel , Árciga Martin Patricio , Najera Juan Carlos , Hernández Jorge Eliecer
Published: April 2023

The fundamental objective of this article is to investigate about the boundary value problem with the uses of a generalized conformable fractional derivative introduced by Zarikaya et al. (On generalized the conformable calculus, TWMS J. App. Eng. Math. 9 (2019), no. 4, 792–799, http://jaem.isikun.edu.tr/web/images/articles/vol.9.no.4/11.pdf). In the development of the this article, by using classical methods of fractional calculus, we find a definition of the generalized fractional Wronskian according to the fractional differential operator defined by Zarikaya, a fractional version of the Sturm-Picone theorem, and in addition, the stability criterion given by the Hyers-Ulam theorem is studied with the use of the aforementioned fractional derivatives.
Influence of phosphorylation on intermediate filaments
Authors: Kraxner Julia , Köster Sarah
Published: April 2023

The cytoskeleton of eukaryotes consists of actin filaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments (IF). IFs, in particular, are prone to pronounced phosphorylation, leading to additional charges on the affected amino acids. In recent years, a variety of experiments employing either reconstituted protein systems or living cells have revealed that these altered charge patterns form the basis for a number of very diverse cellular functions and processes, including reversible filament assembly, filament softening, network remodeling, cell migration, interactions with other protein structures, and biochemical signaling.
Generation of microchannels on PMMA using an in-house fabricated μ-ECDM system
Authors: K. V. J. Bhargav , P. S. Balaji , Sahu Ranjeet Kumar
Published: April 2023

Electrochemical corona discharge micromachining (µ-ECDM) is a newly advented, advanced hybrid machining process capable of machining non-conducting and conducting materials. In this article, Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), a non-conducting material, often used in microfluidic applications, is machined to generate microchannels. The process parameters chosen for machining are voltage, duty factor, and concentration. The process parameters are chosen at three levels, and their effect on machining characteristics such as material removal rate and surface roughness are detailed in this paper. Optimization is carried out for individual response using the signal to noise ratio optimization technique for maximizing material removal rate and minimizing surface roughness.
Nachrichtendienste und Spione im Deutsch-Dänischen Krieg von 1864
Authors: Bruhn Kristian , Lubowitz Frank
Published: April 2023

Während des Deutsch-Dänischen Krieges von 1848–50 hatte die dänische Armee vorübergehend einen Nachrichtendienst eingerichtet, der für Spionage und deren Abwehr zuständig gewesen war. Im Zuge der erneuten Mobilmachung im Dezember 1863 schuf sie eine ähnliche Organisation, die in den kommenden Monaten des Deutsch-Dänischen Krieges von 1864 stetig wuchs. Die spätere Auswertung ergab aber, dass sich diese Organisation unter den chaotischen Bedingungen des Feldzugs in Jütland überhaupt nicht bewährt hatte. Während die historischen Kenntnisse über das militärische Nachrichtenwesen der preußischen und österreichischen Armeen in diesem Konflikt bis heute vage sind, erlaubt es die gute Quellenlage, hier erstmals ein detailliertes Bild vom Nachrichtenwesen auf dänischer Seite zu zeichnen. Für dieses Land bedeutete der Krieg von 1864 nämlich das Ende einer Ära, in der der Nachrichtendienst nur für die Dauer eines Krieges eingerichtet wurde. Seitdem besteht er als dauerhafte Organisation.
Electrical addressing of exceptional points in compact plasmonic structures
Authors: Jeong Hoon Yeub , Lim Yeonsoo , Han Jungho , An Soo-Chan , Jun Young Chul
Published: April 2023

Exceptional points (EPs) are degenerate singularities in a non-Hermitian system that can be induced by controlling the interaction between resonant photonic modes. EPs can enable unusual optical phenomena and significantly enhance the optical sensitivity under small perturbations. However, most studies thus far have been limited to static photonic structures. In this study, we propose and experimentally demonstrate electrically addressable EP in a plasmonic structure. Inspired by optical microcavity studies, we employ a localized spoof plasmon structure that supports circulating plasmonic modes in compact single-resonator geometry. The plasmonic modes are perturbed by an angled metal line, and the interaction between the plasmonic modes is electrically controlled using a varactor. Continuous electrical tuning of the varactor capacitance facilitates simultaneous coalescence of the real and imaginary parts of the eigenfrequency, allowing the direct addressing of EPs. We first investigate the eigenmodes and their coupling in localized plasmonic structures using numerical simulations. We then present experimentally measured spectra that manifest the coalescence of the two resonant modes in both the resonance frequency and linewidth. Electrically addressable EPs in compact plasmonic structures may provide exciting opportunities for highly functional and tunable elements in integrated device platforms.
On traveling wave solutions to Manakov model with variable coefficients
Authors: Pashrashid Arash , Gómez S. Cesar A. , Mirhosseini-Alizamini Seyed M. , Motevalian Seyed Navid , Albalwi M. Daher , Ahmad Hijaz , Yao Shao-Wen
Published: April 2023

We use a general transformation, to find exact solutions for the Manakov system with variable coefficients (depending on the time

ε

\varepsilon

) using an improved tanh–coth method. The solutions obtained in this work are more general compared to those in other works because they involve variable coefficients. The implemented computational method is applied in a direct way on the reduced system, avoid in this way the reduction to only one equation, as occurs in the works respect to exact solutions, made by other authors. Clearly, from the solutions obtained here, new solutions are derived for the standard model (constant coefficients), complementing in this way the results obtained by other authors mentioned here. Finally, we give some discussion on the results and give the respective conclusions.
EFFECT OF TENSILE FATIGUE CYCLIC LOADING ONPERFORMANCE OF TEXTILE-BASED STRAIN SENSORS
Authors: SAJJADIEH SABA , SAFARI FATEME , GHALEBI BAHARE , SHANBEH MOHSEN
Published: April 2023

Textile-based strain sensors are a potential platform used in wearable devices for sensing and. 8 sensors containing monitoring the human body. These sensors not only have all the conventional sensors benefits but also, they are low-cost, flexible, light-weight, and easily adopted with three-dimensional shape of the body. Moreover, recent research has shown they are the best candidates for monitoring human’s body motion. In this study, the effect of tensile fatigue cyclic loads on performance and sensitivity of textilebased strain sensors was investigated polyester/stainless steel staple fiber blend yarn as a conductive part with different structures were produced. The sensors varied in weft and warp density, percentage of stainless steel in conductive yarn, the number of conductive yarns, and weave pattern. The sensors were subjected to 500 cyclic loads operations and their tensile properties and sensitivity were investigated and compared before and after applying tensile fatigue cyclic loads. The results showed the textile-based strain sensors containing less percentage of stainless-steel fiber, lower number of conductive yarns, twill weave pattern and lower density in warp and weft direction have shown better performance after tensile fatigue cyclic loads.
INVESTIGATION OF THE USAGE OF ALTERNATIVE NEW GENERATION ECO-FRIENDLY FIBER BLENDS IN SYNTHETIC BASED DENIM FABRICS
Authors: ŞARAPNAL DILEK , BABAARSLAN OSMAN
Published: April 2023

Polyester yarn is made from post-consumer waste such as bottles, fabrics, etc., in the composition of polyester ethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyester (mainly polyethylene terephthalate, PET) is the most commonly employed textile fibre with over 50% share in total production of textile fibres. Pla is a biobased and biodegradable polymer produced from renewable resources. PLA is also a thermoplastic aliphatic compostable polyester. In this study, 75% Cotton - 25% PLA, 75% Lyocell - 25% PLA and 75% Cotton - 25% PET blended yarns were produced as rigid, corespun and dualcore in the ring spinning system .The fabrics were weaved with produced yarn. In the finishing processes, some of the fabrics were treated with caustic and some of the fabrics were only washed. Fabrics containing PLA and PET were compared with each other. Fabrics containing PLA and PET fiber were evaluated in terms of strength, elasticity, abrasion and pilling performances. Although the weft tensile and tear properties of Cotton-PLA blended fabrics are lower than Lyocell-PLA and Cotton-PET blends, it has been indicated that PLA blended yarns can be used as an alternative to PET based yarns and fabrics.
WEAVEABILITY OF SPACER/DISTANCE FABRICS WITH HIGH PERFORMANCE FIBERS ON A TECHNICAL DOUBLE RAPIER JACQUARD WEAVING LOOM USING LANCETS
Authors: KOCAMAN RECEP TÜRKAY , PUTZKE ENRICO , FICKER FRANK
Published: April 2023

In this study, a technical double rapier weaving loom was used for the weaving of spacer/distance fabrics with a polyester multifilament based ground warp, binding yarns and with polyester and basalt weft yarns. The spacing of the distance fabrics was achieved by using lancets. Four different bindings were developed and three different lancet heights have been used for the spacing. Thus developed spacer/distance fabrics showed uniform spacing between layers with a total thickness from 11.1 mm to 18.5 mm and were characterized according to their compressive resistance and energy absorption properties.
COMFORTABLE AND PROTECTIVE HYBRID WEFT-KNIT PLATED FABRIC FROM GLASS AND WOOL/ACRYLIC YARNS
Authors: İNCE MEHMET ERDEM , İNANIR SEVGI , ERDOĞAN ESRA KUMSAL
Published: April 2023

In this study, hybrid weft-knit plated fabrics were produced by co-feeding glass and wool/acrylic blend yarns. While the wool/acrylic yarn in contact with skin is expected to provide comfort, the glass yarn next to the environment is to provide protection. The physical, structural, air permeability, bursting strength, and the protection against flame properties of glass plus wool/acrylic plated fabric were compared with the reference fabrics consisting completely of glass or wool/acrylic blend yarn. Two factors: the yarn composition and the cam setting of the knitting machine were considered. Two-ply of glass yarn was fed to the each face of the reference glass fabric, and a single-ply of wool/acrylic yarn was fed to the each face of the reference wool/acrylic fabric. On the other hand, while the hybrid plated fabric’s back face accommodated two-ply of glass yarn, its front face involved a single-ply of wool/acrylic yarn. Two different cam settings, loose and tight, were selected. The physical and the structural properties of the fabrics were measured. Then, air permeability, bursting strength, and the protection against flame tests were performed. Test results were subjected to detailed statistical data analysis and how they were affected by the yarn composition and the cam setting was presented with visual and self-explanatory graphs.
PATTERN RELATED ISSUES IN THE MODELLING OF DEFORMED OVER SURFACE WARP KNITTED STRUCTURES WITH LONGER UNDERLAPS
Authors: LIU HAISANG , KYOSEV YORDAN , JIANG GAOMING
Published: April 2023

The yarn level modelling of warp knitted structures is a complex process. For structures placed on the plane, it is well investigated and there are a few software solutions and papers reported. This paper considers the simulation of warp knitted structure, deformed in the 3D space. Especially the modelling of the areas of high curvature are detailed observed. Underlaps with longer lengths makes an unreal visualization for simulation results. Different pattern with different length of the underlaps are modelled with original algorithm developed by the authors. Modelling and visualization problems in the areas with long underlaps are discussed and possible solutions are proposed.
NEW SOLUTIONS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOSITES - MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITES REINFORCED WITH TECHNICAL EMBROIDERY AND WOVEN FABRIC MADE OF FLAX FIBERS
Authors: PONIECKA AGATA , BARBURSKI MARCIN , RANZ DAVID , CUARTERO JESÚS , MIRALBES RAMON
Published: April 2023

The main purpose of the article is to present the new possibilities of producing natural fiber composite reinforcement. In this case, a computer embroidery machine by ZSK type JCZA 0109-550 was used. A technical embroidery with a stitch length of 2 mm was made on the machine. The embroidery was made of flax roving with a linear density of 400 tex. The woven fabric was made of the same flax roving as the embroidery, with a surface mass of 400 g/m2. Composites were then produced from the technical embroidery and woven fabric using the infusion method with epoxy resin. The individual configurations differed from each other in the orientation of the roving in the embroidery samples. Samples for tensile strength and tensile elongation tests consisted of 4 layers, while samples for the DCB test consisted of 6 layers, with the addition of a separating foil between the 3rd and 4th layer. Composites were then subjected to strength tests - tensile strength, tensile elongation and DCB test (Double Cantilever Beam test), on the INSTRON machine. During the action of force along the direction of the fibers, composites containing technical embroidery as reinforcement were characterized by higher strength than composites containing woven fabric as reinforcement. Additionally, embroidery is a barrier to the formation of interlayer cracks. Technical embroidery is made on the basis of Tailored Fiber Placement (TFP) technology. This technology allows optimizing the mechanical values of the composite reinforcement.
DETECTING DAMAGED ZONES ALONG SMART SELFSENSORY CARBON BASED TRC BY TDR
Authors: GABEN MAHDI , GOLDFELD YISKA
Published: April 2023

The study aims to investigate the ability of smart self-sensory carbon roving to detect damaged zones in TRC structures. State of the art monitoring procedures are based on integrative measurements and accordingly are limited in detecting only the occurrence of damage. This study aims to handle this limitation and offers to adopt the Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) technique. The TDR concept is widely used in Bayonet Nut Coupling (BNC) cables to identify defects along the cable (opens, shorts, etc.). The current study adopts its principle to carbon rovings. To simulate the BNC cable configuration, the study offers to connect two parallel carbon rovings to the TDR Data Acquisition (DAQ) system. The proposed monitoring technique is investigated by loading two textile reinforced MPC beams under uniaxial tensile loading. Results show the potential of the suggested technique to locate damage zones in TRC structures and highlights its limitation.
A PRELIMINARY STUDY EXAMINING THE BURST STRENGTH OF VASCULAR TUBULAR SCAFFOLDS
Authors: OZTEMUR JANSET , ÖZDEMIR SUZAN , SEZGIN HANDE , YALCIN-ENIS IPEK
Published: April 2023

In this study, neat PCL, neat PLA and PLA/PCL (50/50) based tubular surfaces are produced by electrospinning to simulate the native blood vessel structure and to investigate the effects of both graft material and fiber orientation on burst strength. The burst pressure values of these vascular graft structures that designed with both randomly oriented fibers and oriented fibers, measured by a custom- burst pressure tester, and the results are compared. The results show that fiber orientation have a great influence on burst pressure, regardless of the type of biomaterial. It is determined that grafts with oriented fibers have at least twice the burst strength than those with random fibers. The findings indicate that changing the graft material has also an effect on burst strength. When the results are analyzed by polymer type, although the PLA100_O sample has the highest burst strength among all oriented fiber sample groups, it is better to determine the vascular graft candidate by taking into account radial elasticity.
SOLUTION BLOWN OF PLA NANOFIBER CONTAINING OZONATED MORMODICA OIL AND ITS MICROCAPSULES TO OBTAIN ANTIBACTERIAL MEDICAL TEXTILES SURFACES
Authors: PEKTAŞ KORAY , BALCI ONUR , ORHAN MEHMET
Published: April 2023

In the scope of the study, it was aimed to obtain antibacterial nanofiber surfaces containing Momordica oil, its ozonated oil form and its microcapsules forms. First of all, Mormodica oil was exposed to ozone gas for 135 min. After that, crude and ozonated mormodica oil were microencapsulated by using simple coacervation. Subsequently, %10 PLA polymer solution were prepared and used for obtaining PLA nanofiber surface by using solution blowing spinning. Besides, PLA polymer solution were mixed with crude mormodica oil, ozonated mormodica oil and their microcapsules forms and then these solutions were spun by using solution blowing spinning. Obtained ozonated oil, microcapsules and nanofiber surfaces were characterized via measurement of total unsaturated fatty acid amount in the oils, scanning electron microscope, FT-IR analysis and antibacterial activity test. The data showed that mormodica oil were ozonated. Microencapsulation process was done successfully and obtained nanofiber containing mormodica oil and its microcapsules. Moreover antibacterial activity showed that mormodica oil and ozonated mormodica oil showed antibacterial activity against to S.aureus and E.coli bacteria according to the disc diffusion method. The nanofiber surfaces containing ozonated oil and its microcapsules showed antibacterial activity against to S.aureus and E.coli bacteria according to the ASTM E 2149-01 method. As a result, it was obtained biodegradable nanofiber containing microcapsules and showing antibacterial activity.
NOVEL ELASTIC WARP KNITTED FABRIC WITH PERFORATION
Authors: MELNYK LIUDMYLA , KYZYMCHUK OLENA
Published: April 2023

The aim of this project is to create novel elastic knitted materials with improved comfort for medical products. In this context, warp knitted structures were produced using different weft threads laying in. The elastic warp knitted fabric produced with transverse weft threads for the whole width was used as a reference sample. It is widely used in medical products. Laying in weft threads with a partial set according to a certain repeat allows us to get structures in which there is no connection in adjacent wales in certain places. This leads to the formation of through holes in the structure. As a result of increased permeability, comfort properties are improving. The structure, functional and comfort properties of developed and reference elastic warp knitted fabrics were investigated. It was found that novel elastic fabrics have higher values of comfort indicators and provide the necessary functional properties.
STANDARDISING THE SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR ANALYSIS OF FIBRES AND PARTICLES BY STATIC IMAGE ANALYSIS
Authors: FISCHER HOLGER , SIGMUND INA , HARTWIG PETRA , DEDERER ESTHER , MASCHINSKI ANNETT
Published: April 2023

Static image analysis is known as a versatile method, which is in use for characterisation i.e. of fibres, nonwovens, textile recyclates etc. Due to incomplete standardization (esp. in the area of sample preparation) the usage is actually limited. Within the project StaPAFaB two research institutes are engaged to compile a reference manual listing typical classes of materials and optimised methods of sample preparation for each of them. This will be combined with recommendations for reasonable parameters in image acquisition / processing and possible limitations for each type of material. Aim is to enable reproducible and consistent analyses on an inter-laboratory level as well as to reduce the demand of time for the analyses. This article focuses on typical classes of textile materials and adapted methods to enable their quick and reliable sample preparation.
The winter central Arctic surface energy budget: A model evaluation using observations from the MOSAiC campaign
Authors: Solomon Amy , Shupe Matthew D. , Svensson Gunilla , Barton Neil P. , Batrak Yurii , Bazile Eric , Day Jonathan J. , Doyle James D. , Frank Helmut P. , Keeley Sarah , Remes Teresa , Tolstykh Mikhail
Published: April 2023

This study evaluates the simulation of wintertime (15 October, 2019, to 15 March, 2020) statistics of the central Arctic near-surface atmosphere and surface energy budget observed during the MOSAiC campaign with short-term forecasts from 7 state-of-the-art operational and experimental forecast systems. Five of these systems are fully coupled ocean-sea ice-atmosphere models. Forecast systems need to simultaneously simulate the impact of radiative effects, turbulence, and precipitation processes on the surface energy budget and near-surface atmospheric conditions in order to produce useful forecasts of the Arctic system. This study focuses on processes unique to the Arctic, such as, the representation of liquid-bearing clouds at cold temperatures and the representation of a persistent stable boundary layer. It is found that contemporary models still struggle to maintain liquid water in clouds at cold temperatures. Given the simple balance between net longwave radiation, sensible heat flux, and conductive ground flux in the wintertime Arctic surface energy balance, a bias in one of these components manifests as a compensating bias in other terms. This study highlights the different manifestations of model bias and the potential implications on other terms. Three general types of challenges are found within the models evaluated: representing the radiative impact of clouds, representing the interaction of atmospheric heat fluxes with sub-surface fluxes (i.e., snow and ice properties), and representing the relationship between stability and turbulent heat fluxes.
GRaNIE and GRaNPA: inference and evaluation of enhancer‐mediated gene regulatory networks
Authors: Kamal Aryan , Arnold Christian , Claringbould Annique , Moussa Rim , Servaas Nila H , Kholmatov Maksim , Daga Neha , Nogina Daria , Mueller‐Dott Sophia , Reyes‐Palomares Armando , Palla Giovanni , Sigalova Olga , Bunina Daria , Pabst Caroline , Zaugg Judith B
Published: April 2023

Enhancers play a vital role in gene regulation and are critical in mediating the impact of noncoding genetic variants associated with complex traits. Enhancer activity is a cell‐type‐specific process regulated by transcription factors (TFs), epigenetic mechanisms and genetic variants. Despite the strong mechanistic link between TFs and enhancers, we currently lack a framework for jointly analysing them in cell‐type‐specific gene regulatory networks (GRN). Equally important, we lack an unbiased way of assessing the biological significance of inferred GRNs since no complete ground truth exists. To address these gaps, we present GRaNIE (Gene Regulatory Network Inference including Enhancers) and GRaNPA (Gene Regulatory Network Performance Analysis). GRaNIE (https://git.embl.de/grp‐zaugg/GRaNIE) builds enhancer‐mediated GRNs based on covariation of chromatin accessibility and RNA‐seq across samples (e.g. individuals), while GRaNPA (https://git.embl.de/grp‐zaugg/GRaNPA) assesses the performance of GRNs for predicting cell‐type‐specific differential expression. We demonstrate their power by investigating gene regulatory mechanisms underlying the response of macrophages to infection, cancer and common genetic traits including autoimmune diseases. Finally, our methods identify the TF PURA as a putative regulator of pro‐inflammatory macrophage polarisation.
Novel (sulfated) thyroid hormone transporters in the solute carrier 22 family
Authors: Chen Zhongli , Peeters Robin P , Flach Wesley , de Rooij Linda J , Yildiz Sena , Teumer Alexander , Nauck Matthias , Sterenborg Rosalie B T M , Rutten Joost H W , Medici Marco , Edward Visser W , Meima Marcel E
Published: April 2023

Objective

Thyroid hormone (TH) transport represents a critical first step in governing intracellular TH regulation. It is still unknown whether the full repertoire of TH transporters has been identified. Members of the solute carrier (SLC) 22 family have substrates in common with the known TH transporters of the organic anion-transporting peptide family. Therefore, we screened the SLC22 family for TH transporters

Methods

Uptake of 1 nM of iodothyronines or sulfated iodothyronines in COS1 cells expressing SLC22 proteins was performed.

Results

We first tested 25 mouse (m) SLC22 proteins for TH uptake and found that the majority of the organic anion transporter (OAT) clade were capable of 3,3’,5-triiodothyronine and/or thyroxine (T4) transport. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis of the mouse and human (h) SLC22 family, we selected eight hSLC22s that grouped with the newly identified mouse TH transporters. Of these, four tested positive for uptake of one or more substrates, particularly hSLC22A11 showed robust (3-fold over control) uptake of T4. Uptake of sulfated iodothyronines was strongly (up to 17-fold) induced by some SLC22s, most notably SLC22A8, hSLC22A9, mSLC22A27 and mSLC22A29. Finally, the zebrafish orthologues of SLC22A6/8 drOatx and drSlc22a6l also transported almost all (sulfated) iodothyronines tested. The OAT inhibitors lesinurad and probenecid inhibited most SLC22 proteins.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated that members of the OAT clade of the SLC22 family constitute a novel, evolutionary conserved group of transporters for (sulfated) iodothyronines. Future studies should reveal the relevance of these transporters in TH homeostasis and physiology.
Designing, conducting, and reporting reproducible animal experiments
Authors: Wilson Emma , Ramage Fiona J , Wever Kimberley E , Sena Emily S , Macleod Malcolm R , Currie Gillian L
Published: April 2023

In biomedicine and many other fields, there are growing concerns around the reproducibility of research findings, with many researchers being unable to replicate their own or others’ results. This raises important questions as to the validity and usefulness of much published research. In this review, we aim to engage researchers in the issue of research reproducibility and equip them with the necessary tools to increase the reproducibility of their research. We first highlight the causes and potential impact of non-reproducible research and emphasise the benefits of working reproducibly for the researcher and broader research community. We address specific targets for improvement and steps that individual researchers can take to increase the reproducibility of their work. We next provide recommendations for improving the design and conduct of experiments, focusing on in vivo animal experiments. We describe common sources of poor internal validity of experiments and offer practical guidance for limiting these potential sources of bias at different experimental stages, as well as discussing other important considerations during experimental design. We provide a list of key resources available to researchers to improve experimental design, conduct, and reporting. We then discuss the importance of open research practices such as study preregistration and the use of preprints and describe recommendations around data management and sharing. Our review emphasises the importance of reproducible work and aims to empower every individual researcher to contribute to the reproducibility of research in their field.
Visión histórica de la bibliotecología en Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Calvo Desiree
Published: April 2023

This essay presents an historical review of the evolution of library science in Costa Rica, starting with the background of education in the country from the colonial period, until the first libraries were established. The main events related to libraries development in the nineteenth century are mentioned, which represented a great advance in the formation of public libraries. There is also a recount of the most outstanding events that influenced the professionalization of librarianship in the twentieth century. In addition, the actions of outstanding people in the area are also included and it presents the current context of the higher education centers that are in charge of teaching the career as well, this in order to detail the main challenges facing the discipline in the twenty first century.
RESISTENCIAS Y APRENDENCIAS: LAS ESPIRITUALIDADES QUE LAS ANIMAN
Authors: Méndez Méndez José Mario
Published: April 2023

Resistencias, educaciones y espiritualidades se entrecruzan y se refuerzan mutuamente en la experiencia de los movimientos sociales de Centroamérica. Este trabajo recoge los aprendizajes generados a partir de conversaciones realizadas, durante el 2022, con 12 grupos en resistencia, en distintas regiones de Costa Rica. Se trata de una iniciativa que forma parte del proyecto Educaciones, espiritualidades y resis-tencias: vivencias pedagógicas y sociorreligiosas liberadoras para la niñez y adolescencia, adscrito a la Escuela Ecuménica de Ciencias de la Religión (Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica). El principal objetivo es identificar las espiritualidades que nutren las resistencias y las prácticas educativas.
Formación de la competencia digital docente bajo el análisis político del discurso
Authors: Castrejón Flores Nancy , Jiménez Moreno José Alfonso
Published: April 2023

El presente ensayo se enfoca en examinar el discurso de responsabilidad en la toma de decisiones de los docentes sobre la propia formación para el desarrollo de la competencia digital, a fin de incorporar las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en la escuela. A través del Análisis Político del Discurso, se revisan tres marcos de competencia digital, particularmente su estructura discursiva y los juegos del lenguaje. Se concluye que los marcos de competencia digital representan el discurso formal, articulado con otras formaciones discursivas que crean ambigüedad respecto a la manera en la cual se desarrolla la formación en Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación.
Synergetic features of landscape and complex geographic categories
Authors: Hladkyi Oleksandr V. , Tkachenko Tetyana I. , Khlopiak Sergii V. , Klimova Alla M.
Published: April 2023

The article examines the historical stages of the formation of scientific ideas about the essence of landscape and complex as the main categories of physical and economic geog- raphy. On the basis of the analysis and generalization of the leading physical-geographers’ and landscape scientists’ views the regularities of evolutionary transition of understanding the content of the landscape and complex categories from the system paradigm to the synergetic paradigm under the influence of humanistic ideas are reflected. It is stated that the landscape in a broad interpretation can be identified with the natural-territorial complex (NTC) of a certain rank, which is understood as a spatial and temporal system of geographic components, interrelated in their location and developing as a whole. The concept of territorial-production complexes (TPC) was substantiated and their typification was proposed. The factors of formation of the additional economic effect of TPC on the basis of territorial and organizational unity and mutually beneficial relations between its elements, as well as providing an integrated use and processing of raw materials and energy were determined. The key features of the concept of socio-geographical complexes (SGC), which were an important geographical tool in the search for the ways ensuring sustainable development of territories, were characterized. It has been established that the SGC concept is fundamentally different from the TPC concept by the vertical nature of the links between different types of economic activity within the system, and, in addition, by attributing to SGC not only material but also spiritual components of human activity. The character and qualities of the synergistic effect of space are analyzed. The synergistic properties of landscapes and complexes are described and their various categories within the concept of spatial synergy arising in those points of space, where the traditional mechanisms of human existence do not exhaust their potential. It is emphasized that based on the use of the synergistic effect mankind in the future will be able to develop effective mechanisms of management and territorial organization, which will open up new directions for the implementation of previously hidden reserves and properties of space.
Low-temperature oxidation of sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan
Authors: Ismayilov Rasim T. , Kаrimov Vagif M. , Ganbarova Shura A.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the oxidative ac- tivity for the main industrial types of sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits in Azerbai- jan. To calculate the amount of heat generated during oxidation, the dependences of the oxygen absorption rate on the temperature and moisture of the ore were established. It was found that with an increase in temperature above 50-80oC, absorption of oxygen slows down with time faster than at low (2.5-50oC) temperatures. If with an increase in temperature from 2.5 to 45-50oC the amount of absorbed oxygen increases by 7.5-12 times, then at a temperature from 45-50oC to 80oC it increases only by 3.6-3.7 times, which is explained by a decrease in moisture of the ore with an increase in temperature, due to evaporation. The time dependence of absorption rate of the oxygen for sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan has a clearly pronounced break, which indicates a change in the oxidation mechanism. The oxidizing activity of sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits of the Balakan ore field of Azerbaijan at low temperatures (2.5-800C) was studied. Determination of the oxidative activity of the main industrial types of sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits in Azerbaijan makes it possible to classify ore reserves according to the degree of tendency to spontaneous combustion, which will allow a scientifically sound approach to planning the sequence of their development and designing mines. In addition, the article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the oxidizing activity of the sulfide ores of the Katsdag, Filizchay and Katekh deposits, carried out in laboratory conditions by the method of Institute of Mining named after A.A. Skochinsky. An indicator of oxidative activity is the oxygen absorption rate constant and labeled by the letter U (ml/g hour). The results of laboratory studies show that the oxidation of the ore leads to an increase in temperature and ignition and depends on a large number of factors such as mineralogical composition, chemical activity, humidity, temperature, fragmentation, etc. The dependence of the total amount of oxygen absorbed by sulphide ores on time at various temperatures is obtained. It has been estab- lished that with increasing temperature, the rate of oxygen absorption by sulphide ores increases. The values of the temperature coefficient (Kt < 2.0) in the temperature range of 2.5-800C show that the rate of the oxidation of sulfide ore is controlled by oxygen diffusion, and not by the rate of the chemical reaction. With equal fragmentation and equal distribution of chemical elements in ore samples, the oxidation rate is directly proportional to the outer surface of the sulphide ore.
Geological heritage of Valerian Domger in the Middle Dnipro Region
Authors: Manyuk Volodymyr V.
Published: April 2023

The paper looks at the significance of the scientfic geological studies of the famous geologist Valerian Domger and their importance for the development of geotourism in the region and Ukraine in general. We analyzed his works in the historical aspect from the beginning of his work as a geological practitioner to his becoming a reseracher of stratigraphy, paleontology and lithology of sedimentary deposits and geology of Precambrian formations of the Ukrainian Shield. We focused on the geological routes he took when travelling along the lines of railroad construction, including Orenburg, Ural, Mariupol (Donetsk) and Katerynoslav, analyzing the conclusions on the structures of those territories, as well as perspectives of finding natural resources in them. We characterized the most important routes V. Domger travelled when he was conducting geological surveys of the 47th sheet of the ten-versta map on the area of about 13 thou versts in Verhniodniprovsk and Katerynoslav powiets of Katerynoslav governorate, and also Kherson and Oleksandria powiets of Kherson governorate, which led to his most notable discoveries, namely the Nikopol deposits of manganese ores, a unique location of the Mandrykivka fossil fauna of the Upper Eocene and others. The achievements of V. Domger as a paleontologist were ahead of his time and – despite attempts of some notable researchers to refute the Late Eocene age of the Mandrykivka layers, the first identifications of the researcher were accurate and have been convingcingly confirmed by modernday studies. Despite their high popularity, the layers had no status in the stratigraphic resarch until 2000. The Commission of the Stratigraphic Classification and Nomenclature of National Stratigraphy Committee of Ukraine had examined the application from the author of this article regarding the Mandrykivka layers and recognized them as an individual stratigraphic unit (layers with a geographic name). For the first time, we noted the importance of the V. Domger’s routes and the outcrops he described when creating the data base of those geological heritage objects, their further inclusion to the Nature-Protection Fund of Ukraine and their use in the development of the region’s geotourism.
Формування безпекових компетентностей студентів спеціальності 061 Журналістика у фокусі викликів російсько-української війни
Authors: Reshetukha Tetiana , Kushnir Oksana
Published: April 2023

У статті виокремлено фізичний, психологічний, цифровий, правовий складники безпекової парадигми сучасної вищої освіти, обґрунтовано нові вимоги до формування безпекових компетентностей здобувачів вищої освіти відповідно до змін у медійній практиці. Актуалізовано важливість безпекових компетентностей у процесі підготовки випускників спеціальності 061 Журналістика з огляду на виклики російсько-української війни, окреслено потребу їх переосмислення, а відтак унесення змін до освітньо-професійних програм, робочих навчальних програм та наповнення окремих фахових дисциплін. За результатами контент-аналізу освітніх та робочих програм підготовки бакалаврів журналістики в ТНПУ ім. В. Гнатюка упродовж 2019–2022 н. р. простежено тенденцію до поетапного збільшення аудиторної форми роботи в структурі окремих фахових дисциплін. Наголошено, що в її сегменті збільшено частку практичних занять, під час яких студенти в наближених до виробничих умов реаліях мають змогу глибше засвоїти теоретичний матеріал та відпрацювати фахові навички; з метою вироблення в студентів-журналістів навичок критичного мислення, введено медіаосвітній комплекс вибіркових дисциплін («Медіаосвіта» / «Інфомедійна грамотність» / «Інформаційна гігієна»); а також внесено зміни до чинних робочих програм окремих курсів, які спрямовані на відпрацювання алгоритму підготовки журналіста виконувати професійні завдання з урахуванням безпекового складника як на особистому, так і загальнодержавному рівнях. Виділено безпекові компетентності окремих дисциплін, які формуються наскрізно впродовж реалізації структури ОПП «Журналістика» та спрямовані на розвиток фахових компетентностей (hard skills) та соціально-психологічних умінь і навичок (soft skills), необхідних для оперативного реагування на актуальні потреби в майбутній професійній діяльності, запропоновано уточнення окремих із них.
Український маркетинг: сьогодення та перспективи
Authors: Demchenko, Maxym
Published: April 2023

В рецензії на книгу О. Філановського «Карго-маркетинг і Україна» (Харків: Фабула, 2021) зосереджено увагу на практиках українського маркетингу, його стереотипах та забобонах
Проєкт «Рік війни»: дискусійні питання медійної освіти та журналістської практики
Authors: Hudoshnyk Oksana , Bucharska Iryna , Myronenko Vladlena , Khotyun Lyudmila
Published: April 2023

Формування  професійних навичок   студентів-комунікативістів під час війни ускладнене не тільки зрозумілими  обмеженнями воєнного часу та 4-річним дистантом, але й унеможливленням спільнотворчості як наскрізної ідеї медійної освіти. Об’єднання студентів різних курсів факультету систем і засобів масової комунікації ДНУ в межах проєкту «Рік війни» стало мотиватором  обговорення цілого комплексу дискусійних питань науково-дослідної роботи та журналістської практики як під час його створення, так і на захистах  випускних робіт, на конференціях і семінарах. Одним із завдань проєкту спеціальності 061 Журналістика стало різнотематичне представлення студентства у непростих умовах воєнного повсякдення, еміграції; у пошуку відповідей на надскладні виклики трагічного року війни.  Одночасно проводилася робота за декількома напрямами: соціологічне опитування (анкетування), дискурсивні практики, інтерв’ю під час війни, фоторепортаж (база даних), досвід еміграції (цикл подкастів). Закцентовано на практичних навичках студентів під час інтерв’ювання зарубіжних та українських воєнних кореспондентів, створенні довідникових архівів та напрацюванні алгоритмів їх зберігання, на медіатизації власного досвіду через творчі ініціативи та медіакритичні рефлексії. Як більшість колективних проєктів, «Рік війни» визначив ключові проблеми не тільки фахової освіти (організаційні, психологічні, фінансові чинники), але й  серйозні питання методології дослідницького пошуку. Так, наприклад, у запропонованій статті у простір наукової дискусії виносяться проблеми визначення стандартів та методик усноісторичних глибинних інтерв’ю,  технологій архівування свідчень, адаптації створених студентами баз даних до можливостей бібліотек та каталогів, апробації каналів поширення студентських досліджень. Пілотний факультетський  проєкт відкритий до обговорення, автори і куратори – до активної співпраці.
Reflexos do isolamento social no período pandêmico para juventude
Authors: Gonçalves Severo Ricardo
Published: April 2023

O artigo analisa os impactos da pandemia em jovens estudantes e egressos do ensino médio em escolas do Rio Grande do Sul. Com relatos de suas vivências no isolamento social, apreende-se quais questões são relevantes no referido momento. Realizaram-se 44 entrevistas online com jovens de 15 a 23 anos em três cidades: Caxias do Sul, Pelotas e Porto Alegre, entre outubro de 2020 e abril de 2021. A questão-guia da análise foi a percepção sobre o período pandêmico para suas vidas. As entrevistas tiveram focos narrativos, abordando os temas autoanálise, ensino remoto, rearranjos familiares, mudanças no trabalho e formas de interação. Percebeu-se a mudança de padrões de sociabilidade, via de regra com percepção negativa sobre o atual momento, a dificuldade na mudança das relações presenciais para virtuais, em especial, no aspecto educacional, o sentimento de isolamento e as difi culdades financeiras.
Mulheres em luta e a educação de crianças pequenas em uma ocupação urbana
Authors: Ramalho Bárbara , Diniz Carvalho Levindo , Bizzotto Luciana Maciel
Published: April 2023

Tendo como referência os campos teóricos dos estudos anticoloniais e dos estudos da infância, o presente artigo parte da escuta de educadoras moradoras de uma ocupação urbana em Belo Horizonte e analisa as relações entre a luta por moradia e o direito à educação infantil. Para tanto, são analisados dados de uma pesquisa de doutorado que teve como espaço de investigação uma creche comunitária localizada nesse território. Os resultados do estudo apontam para: os atravessamentos da luta feminista e o papel das mulheres na reivindicação pelos direitos das crianças; a singularidade na oferta da educação infantil no contexto de uma ocupação urbana; e a pertinência da lente anticolonial para a compreensão dos processos de reivindicação de direitos de crianças e mulheres em um movimento social urbano.