bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex-specific regulation of weight and puberty by the Lin28/let-7 axis
Authors: Corre Christina , Shinoda Gen , Zhu Hao , Cousminer Diana L , Crossman Christine , Bellissimo Christian , Goldenberg Anna , Daley George Q , Palmert Mark R
Published: December 2015

Growth and pubertal timing differ in boys and girls. Variants in/nearLIN28Bassociate with age at menarche (AAM) in genome-wide association studies and some AAM-related variants associate with growth in a sex-specific manner. Sex-specific growth patterns in response toLin28bperturbation have been detected in mice, and overexpression ofLin28ahas been shown to alter pubertal timing in female mice. To investigate further howLin28aandLin28baffect growth and puberty in both males and females, we evaluatedLin28bloss-of-function (LOF) mice andLin28again-of-function (GOF) mice. Because bothLin28aandLin28bcan act via the conserved microRNAlet-7, we also examinedlet-7GOF mice. As reported previously,Lin28bLOF led to lighter body weights only in male mice whileLin28aGOF yielded heavier mice of both sexes.Let-7GOF mice weighed less than controls, and males were more affected than females. Timing of puberty was assessed by vaginal opening (VO) and preputial separation (PS). MaleLin28bLOF and malelet-7GOF, but not female, mice displayed alteration of pubertal timing, with later PS than controls. In contrast, both male and femaleLin28aGOF mice displayed late onset of puberty. Together, these data point toward a complex system of regulation byLin28a,Lin28b, andlet-7, in whichLin28bandlet-7can impact both puberty and growth in a sex-specific manner, raising the possibility that this pathway may contribute to differential regulation of male and female growth and puberty in humans.
Defective insulin secretion by chronic glucagon receptor activation in glucose intolerant mice
Authors: Ahlkvist Linda , Omar Bilal , Valeur Anders , Fosgerau Keld , Ahrén Bo
Published: December 2015

Stimulation of insulin secretion by short-term glucagon receptor (GCGR) activation is well characterized; however, the effect of long-term GCGR activation on β-cell function is not known, but of interest, since hyperglucagonemia occurs early during development of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we examined whether chronic GCGR activation affects insulin secretion in glucose intolerant mice. To induce chronic GCGR activation, high-fat diet fed mice were continuously (2 weeks) infused with the stable glucagon analog ZP-GA-1 and challenged with oral glucose and intravenous glucose±glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1). Islets were isolated to evaluate the insulin secretory response to glucose±GLP1 and their pancreas were collected for immunohistochemical analysis. Two weeks of ZP-GA-1 infusion reduced insulin secretion both after oral and intravenous glucose challengesin vivoand in isolated islets. These inhibitory effects were corrected for by GLP1. Also, we observed increased β-cell area and islet size. We conclude that induction of chronic ZP-GA-1 levels in glucose intolerant mice markedly reduces insulin secretion, and thus, we suggest that chronic activation of the GCGR may contribute to the failure of β-cell function during development of type 2 diabetes.
Coumestrol suppresses proliferation of ES2 human epithelial ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Lim Whasun , Jeong Wooyoung , Song Gwonhwa
Published: December 2015

Coumestrol, which is predominantly found in soybean products as a phytoestrogen, has cancer preventive activities in estrogen-responsive carcinomas. However, effects and molecular targets of coumestrol have not been reported for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In the present study, we demonstrated that coumestrol inhibited viability and invasion and induced apoptosis of ES2 (clear cell-/serous carcinoma origin) cells. In addition, immunoreactive PCNA and ERBB2, markers of proliferation of ovarian carcinoma, were attenuated in their expression in coumestrol-induced death of ES2 cells. Phosphorylation of AKT, p70S6K, ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p90RSK was inactivated by coumestrol treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner as determined in western blot analyses. Moreover, PI3K inhibitors enhanced effects of coumestrol to decrease phosphorylation of AKT, p70S6K, S6, and ERK1/2. Furthermore, coumestrol has strong cancer preventive effects as compared to other conventional chemotherapeutics on proliferation of ES2 cells. In conclusion, coumestrol exerts chemotherapeutic effects via PI3K and ERK1/2 MAPK pathways and is a potentially novel treatment regimen with enhanced chemoprevention activities against progression of EOC.
Identification of cell-specific targets of sumoylation during mouse spermatogenesis
Authors: Xiao Yuxuan , Pollack Daniel , Andrusier Miriam , Levy Avi , Callaway Myrasol , Nieves Edward , Reddi Prabhakara , Vigodner Margarita
Published: December 2015

Recent findings suggest diverse and potentially multiple roles of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) in testicular function and spermatogenesis. However, SUMO targets remain uncharacterized in the testis due to the complex multicellular nature of testicular tissue, the inability to maintain and manipulate spermatogenesisin vitro, and the technical challenges involved in identifying low-abundance endogenous SUMO targets. In this study, we performed cell-specific identification of sumoylated proteins using concentrated cell lysates prepared with de-sumoylation inhibitors from freshly purified spermatocytes and spermatids. One-hundred and twenty proteins were uniquely identified in the spermatocyte and/or spermatid fractions. The identified proteins are involved in the regulation of transcription, stress response, microRNA biogenesis, regulation of major enzymatic pathways, nuclear–cytoplasmic transport, cell-cycle control, acrosome biogenesis, and other processes. Several proteins with important roles during spermatogenesis were chosen for further characterization by co-immunoprecipitation, co-localization, andin vitrosumoylation studies. GPS-SUMO Software was used to identify consensus and non-consensus sumoylation sites within the amino acid sequences of the proteins. The analyses confirmed the cell-specific sumoylation and/or SUMO interaction of several novel, previously uncharacterized SUMO targets such as CDK1, RNAP II, CDC5, MILI, DDX4, TDP-43, and STK31. Furthermore, several proteins that were previously identified as SUMO targets in somatic cells (KAP1 and MDC1) were identified as SUMO targets in germ cells. Many of these proteins have a unique role in spermatogenesis and during meiotic progression. This research opens a novel avenue for further studies of SUMO at the level of individual targets.
The effects of voluntary exercise on oocyte quality in a diet-induced obese murine model
Authors: Boudoures Anna L , Chi Maggie , Thompson Alysha , Zhang Wendy , Moley Kelle H
Published: December 2015

Obesity negatively affects many aspects of the human body including reproductive function. In females, the root of the decline in fertility is linked to problems in the oocyte. Problems seen in oocytes that positively correlate with increasing BMI include changes to the metabolism, lipid accumulation, meiosis, and metaphase II (MII) spindle structure. Studies in mice indicate that dietary interventions fail to reverse these problems. How exercise affects the oocytes has not been addressed. Therefore, we hypothesized an exercise intervention would improve oocyte quality. Here we show that in a mouse model of an exercise, intervention can improve lipid metabolism in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes. Oocytes significantly increased activity and transcription of the β-oxidation enzyme hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase in response to exercise training only if the mice had been fed a high-fat diet (HFD). An exercise intervention also reversed the lipid accumulation seen in GV stage oocytes of HFD females. However, delays in meiosis and disorganized MII spindles remained present. Therefore, exercise is able to improve, but not reverse, damage imparted on oocytes as a result of an HFD and obesity. By utilizing an exercise intervention on an HFD, we determined only lipid content, and lipid metabolism is changed in GV oocytes. Moving forward, interventions to improve oocyte quality may need to be more targeted to the oocyte specifically. Because of the HFD-induced deficiency in β-oxidation, dietary supplementation with substrates to improve lipid utilization may be more beneficial.
Chemotherapy-related Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Piper Susan E , McDonagh Theresa A ,   King’s College London, The James Black Centre, London, UK; Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,   King’s College London, The James Black Centre, London, UK; Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Published: December 2015

Advances in chemotherapeutic agents have resulted in significantly improved cancer survival rates. Cardiac toxicity, however, has emerged as a leading cause of morbidity, both during and years after treatment. One of the most common manifestations of cardiotoxicity is that of heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. In this review, current opinions and guidelines in this field are discussed, with particular focus on the most common culprits, the anthracyclines, and the monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab.
Novel Biomarkers in Heart Failure Beyond Natriuretic Peptides – The Case for Soluble ST2
Authors: Vallejo-Vaz Antonio J ,   Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London, UK
Published: December 2015

Despite more effective management of heart failure over the past few decades, its burden as a chronic disease has grown and is expected to continue to rise, representing a major health problem for years to come. Having reliable tools for early diagnosis and risk stratification can help managing the condition more efficiently. In this context, the interest for biomarkers has increased considerably in the last years following the useful clinical role of B-type natriuretic peptides. These biomarkers have been extensively studied and have become established diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in heart failure. Despite their usefulness, limitations still remain a problem in clinical practice and the search for new biomarkers has therefore continued. Amongst the most promising newer biomarkers, soluble ST2 deserves further consideration. The present review will focus on the role of this new biomarker in the context of heart failure.
Diuretic Therapy in Heart Failure – Current Approaches
Authors: Casu Gavino , Merella Pierluigi ,   San Francesco Nuoro Hospital, Nuoro, Italy,   San Francesco Nuoro Hospital, Nuoro, Italy
Published: December 2015

The use of diuretics is common in patients with heart failure (HF), to relieve the congestive symptoms of HF. Although they are widely used, there are limited data on their ability to modulate HF-related morbidity and mortality. Diuretic efficacy may be limited by adverse neurohormonal activation and by ‘congestion-like’ symptoms. Diuretics are an extremely useful and varied class of agent for the management of hypervolaemic states. This review summarises the basic features of diuretics, including their mechanism of action, indications and adverse effects in heart failure.
Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes
Authors: D’Silva Andrew , Papadakis Michael ,   St George’s University of London, St George’s University Hospital Foundation NHS Trust, London, UK,   St George’s University of London, St George’s University Hospital Foundation NHS Trust, London, UK
Published: December 2015

Physical activity confers substantial health benefits to healthy individuals and patients alike. Occasionally, however, exercise may act as a trigger for arrhythmic death in athletes who harbor an occult pathological substrate. The majority of sudden cardiac deaths (SCDs) in young athletes (≤35 years old) are secondary to inherited cardiac diseases, while ischaemic heart disease predominates in older athletes. In the absence of compulsory national or international registries of SCD in athletes, it is difficult to define the exact scale of the problem. In addition, the lack of post-mortem evaluation by pathologists with expertise in cardiac adaptation to exercise and inherited cardiac diseases casts doubt to the reliability of the reported causes. The proposed preventative strategies focus primarily on preventing deaths by cardiovascular evaluation of athletes and the use of automated external defibrillators in athletic venues. Cardiovascular screening of first-degree relatives, though often neglected, has the potential to avert further tragedies given the inherited nature of most conditions predisposing to SCD in the young. This article provides an overview of the epidemiology and causes of SCD in athletes and explores potential prevention strategies.
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors – Future Soon to be REVEALed
Authors: Huggins Christopher , Charolidi Nicoletta , Cockerill Gillian W ,   Cardiovascular & Cell Sciences, St George’s, University of London, UK,   Cardiovascular & Cell Sciences, St George’s, University of London, UK,   Cardiovascular & Cell Sciences, St George’s, University of London, UK
Published: December 2015

Reduction of the remaining residual cardiovascular risk is a clinical unmet need currently being addressed through a combination of further reduction of plasma concentrations of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and increasing plasma concentrations of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). This brief review sets out the so-called HDL hypothesis and summarises the clinical results of the family of drugs, which function to raise plasma HDL concentration through inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer proteins (CEPT).
Managing the Antithrombotic Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients on Oral Anticoagulation
Authors: Jhagroe Darshni Arishta , Berg Jurriën Maria ten ,   St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands,   St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
Published: December 2015

In patients on chronic oral anticoagulation (OAC) who are undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor) is required. However, combining dual antiplatelet therapy with OAC increases the risk of bleeding. Newer and stronger P2Y12 inhibitors also add more complexity to the regimen, as these antiplatelet agents are currently recommended as standard treatment in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). It remains unclear whether these ACS patients on chronic OAC undergoing PCI should be treated with these new P2Y12 inhibitors as part of the antiplatelet therapy. Another issue to address is that new non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants have emerged as possible alternatives for stroke prevention in patients with AF. Thus, the anticoagulated patient undergoing PCI faces a treatment dilemma. Based on a real-life case, we will discuss the optimal anticoagulant and antiplatelet treatment with a review of the literature.
Patient-tailored Drug-eluting Stent Choice – A Solution for Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Mehran Roxana , Colombo Antonio , Stella Pieter , Romaguera Rafael , Sardella Gennaro ,   Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA,   San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,   University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands,   Hospital de Bellvitge, Idibell, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,   Policlinico Umberto I “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Published: December 2015

Although second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) have improved outcomes in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs), important unmet needs remain. Two symposia at EuroPCR 2015 focused on two challenging scenarios. First, patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have generally inferior outcomes following PCI. The Cre8™ stent (manufactured by CID Spa, member of Alvimedica Group) has shown unique efficacy in subpopulations of patients with DM during clinical trials. A live case in a patient with diabetes illustrated the challenges of complex multivessel disease. Second, optimising stent selection towards devices that have demonstrated complete and early endothelialisation offers the potential to reduce the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy. The Cre8™ DES features a polymer-free platform and has been associated with low rates of in-stent thrombosis.
Are democratising countries rewarded with higher levels of foreign aid?
Authors: Szent-Iványi Balázs
Published: December 2015

The paper examines how flows of foreign aid have reacted to events of democratisation in developing countries. Using a panel dataset of 136 aid-receiving countries between 1980 and 2009, aid allocation regressions reveal that Western donors in general have tended to react to visible, major democratic transitions by increasing aid to the partner country, but no significant increases can be identified in the case of countries introducing smaller democratic reforms. The increases in aid flows are not sustained over time, implying that donors do not provide long-term support to nascent democracies. Also, democratisations in Sub-Saharan Africa do not seem to have been rewarded with higher levels of aid.
Inkjet-printed quantum dot-based sensor for structural health monitoring
Authors: Hartwig Melinda , Ortlepp Franz , Möbius Martin , Martin Jörg , Otto Thomas , Geßner Thomas , Baumann Reinhard R.
Published: December 2015

A sensor which detects mechanical stresses and stores the position and the strength of these loads by color change of embedded quantum dots (QDs) is presented. The top and bottom electrodes of the sensor are inkjet-printed which leads to a fast and accurate deposition of thin (approx. 50 - 300 nm) and conductive layers. The used silver and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythio-phene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) inks are optimized in terms of printability and opportunities of functionality forming without influencing the active layer of the sensor. The active layer of the sensor is spin-coated and consists of the QDs embedded in semi-conducting poly(9-vinylcarba-zole) (PVK). The hole transport characteristic of PVK and the band level alignment of the used materials ensures the preferred injection of only one type of charge carrier into the QDs. As a result the mechanical stress is visualized by a decreasing in photoluminescence (PL) of the QDs.
RAMP UP DA MAIOR INSTALAÇÃO DE MOINHOS VERTIMILL DO MUNDO
Authors: Mazzinghy Douglas B. , Turrer Henrique G.D. , Russo José F.C. , Schneider Claudio L.
Published: December 2015

O circuito de remoagem do projeto Minas-Rio é atualmente o maior do mundo utilizando moinhos verticais. O circuito possui 16 Vertimill VTM-1500 da Metso e 8 baterias de ciclones. O início das operações ocorreu no final de 2014 e os moinhos têm se mostrado bem robustos para a aplicação selecionada. O minério processado é um itabirito que é concentrado através de flotação reversa. O circuito de remoagem tem como objetivo reduzir a granulometria do concentrado final para facilitar o transporte através de um mineroduto com mais de 525 km de extensão. O presente trabalho apresenta os dados obtidos através de amostragens do circuito industrial além de testes em escala de laboratório para estimativa de consumo energético. Estes resultados também são comparados com os testes em escala de laboratório e piloto executados para dimensionamento do circuito de remoagem.
APLICAÇÃO DO MÉTODO DOS ELEMENTOS DISCRETOS NA AVALIAÇÃO DE CHUTES DE ESCOAMENTO DE MINÉRIOS DE FERRO ITABIRÍTICOS
Authors: Assumpção Marcos E. , Mazzinghy Douglas B. , Souza Leonardo D. , Russo José F.C. , Bailona Baltazar , Spogis Nicolas
Published: December 2015

Chutes de transferência de material podem ser pontos de gargalo de qualquer operação se não forem corretamente projetados. Recentemente, o modelamento de elementos discretos tem sido utilizado com sucesso na indústria mineral para simulação de processos envolvendo, principalmente, o manuseio de materiais. As vantagens do uso desta tecnologia são imensas visto que é possível visualizar em detalhe o escoamento de materiais em chutes e silos antecipando possíveis problemas de fluxo de material, ainda na fase de projeto. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados de diversas simulações conduzidas para avaliar o comportamento de um minério de ferro itabirítico através de um chute de bypass de um circuito de cominuição com prensas de rolos.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM SISTEMA DE MEDIÇÃO, MONITORAMENTO E CONTROLE DO TAMANHO DE BOLHA EM UMA COLUNA DE FLOTAÇÃO MINIPILOTO
Authors: Oliveira Cristiane da Rosa , Pompeo Alberto Afonso , Seger Marco Aurélio , Rodrigues Rafael Teixeira
Published: December 2015

Apesar da grande importância atribuída ao tamanho das bolhas no processo de flotação, ainda não existem muitos equipamentos disponíveis para efetuar a análise deste parâmetro, principalmente, em estudos técnico-científicos (em escala de bancada e piloto), essenciais para o desenvolvimento e otimização dos processos em escala industrial. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de um sistema online para medir, monitorar e controlar o tamanho de bolhas para estudos de flotação em coluna minipiloto. O sistema proposto, nas condições experimentais aplicadas, permitiu medir e controlar o diâmetro médio de bolha entre 1 e 3 mm. O sistema também permitiu realizar medidas de holdup e estimativas do fluxo de área superficial de bolhas (Sb), com valores entre 5-12 % e 10-25 m2/m2s, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que o sistema desenvolvido representa um avanço nos estudos científicos sobre flotação, pois permite a determinação, monitoramento e controle do tamanho de bolhas durante a realização dos experimentos, melhorando o controle operacional do processo com maior conhecimento do efeito da distribuição do tamanho de bolha na flotação de diferentes minérios.
INFLUÊNCIA DO TAMANHO DE BOLHA NA FLOTAÇÃO CATIÔNICA DO QUARTZO
Authors: Cunha Daniela de Castro , Pompeo Alberto Afonso , Oliveira Cristiane da Rosa , Rocha Lucas Fernades , Rodrigues Rafael Teixeira
Published: December 2015

Investigações científicas na área de processamento mineral por flotação têm demonstrado que tanto partículas grossas (Dp > 300 ?m) quanto partículas finas (Dp < 10 ?m), apresentam uma baixa recuperação. Um modo efetivo de melhorar a flotação das partículas finas é diminuir o diâmetro de bolha, promovendo um aumento no holdup e no fluxo de área superficial de bolhas (bubble surface area flux), aumentando assim a probabilidade de colisão bolha-partícula. Entretanto, um decréscimo excessivo do diâmetro de bolha pode causar uma diminuição da capacidade de carregamento e, consequentemente, uma redução na eficiência de flotação. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a flotação de partículas de quartzo com diferentes tamanhos de bolha (0,50 mm < Db médio < 2,9 mm), utilizando uma coluna de flotação minipiloto automatizada. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a recuperação de partículas grossas (D32 = 345 ?m) e de partículas finas (D32= 25 ?m), foram incrementadas com a diminuição do tamanho de bolha.
BRIQUETAGEM DE FINOS DE CALCÁRIO
Authors: Barros Mariana Rezende , Silva André Carlos , Silva Elenice Maria Schons , Magalhães Eduardo Nunes , Marinho Douglas Yusuf
Published: December 2015

Aplicação da tecnologia na agricultura dentro do sistema de produção é realidade principalmente com a abertura de mercados através da globalização. Em diversas áreas da indústria moderna, o calcário é utilizado como corretor da acidez do solo. A calagem é uma prática barata, porém ainda é negligenciada quanto ao seu uso, na adoção da técnica, à definição das doses e às formas de aplicação. A briquetagem consiste na aglomeração de partículas finas através de pressão, auxiliada ou não por aglomerantes, permitindo obtenção de produtos compactados, com forma, tamanho e parâmetros mecânicos adequados. A redução de volume do material, além dos benefícios tecnológicos, permite que materiais finos possam ser transportados e armazenados de forma mais econômica. A recente preocupação ambiental, resultando em leis mais rígidas, além da necessidade de aproveitar economicamente os resíduos e as partículas finas geradas no beneficiamento de minérios fez com que a briquetagem voltasse a ser uma importante alternativa para aglomerar valor econômico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi aglomerar finos de calcário através da briquetagem (92% abaixo de 500# ou 25 µm) gerados no processamento do mesmo, variando as dosagens de água (utilizada como agente aglomerante) de 0; 5; 7,5; 10; 12,5 e 15%. O calcário, originário de Lagamar (MG), foi classificado quimicamente como dolomítico tipo D. Os briquetes foram submetidos a testes de queda a 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 cm de altura. Os melhores resultados encontrados para ensaios de queda foram obtidos com 7,5% de umidade, com médias de 21 quedas para 30 cm e 10 quedas para 60 cm de altura. Tais resultados apresentaram-se favoráveis quando comparados à literatura, a qual cita que para briquetes sem cura, considera-se 3 quedas a 0,3 m como valor razoável.
Editorial
Authors: Leite José Yvan P.
Published: December 2015

Este volume publica resultados da área de tecnologia mineral, em particular do tradicional evento da área de tecnologia mineral que iniciou seu primeiro encontro em 1973 no Rio de Janeiro e organizado pela COPPE – Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) e denominado de Encontro Nacional de Tratamento de Minérios.Este periódico em 2013, durante realização do XXV Encontro Nacional de Tratamento de Minérios e Metalurgia Extrativa (ENTMME) e VIII Meeting of the Southern Hemisphere on Mineral Technology (MSHMT), em Goiânia/GO, coordenado pelo prof. André Silva da Universidade Federal de Goiás, celebrou uma parceria para a publicação de uma edição especial, com artigos do evento, os quais foram publicados no Vol. 3 de 2014 - http://www2.ifrn.edu.br/ojs/index.php/HOLOS/issue/view/63Este entendimento foi mantido com a organização do XXVI ENTMME, que foi realizado em Poços de Caldas/MG e coordenado pelos professores Maurício Bergerman (Universidade de São Paulo - USP) e Daniela Horta (Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL).A importância da mineração no país justifica uma edição para ampliar a difusão neste campo, em particular o elevado impacto que esta área tem no PIB brasileiro e sua disseminação nos vários estados brasileiros. O recente desastre sócio-ambiental provocado pelo rompimento de barragem de rejeitos da Samarco, em Mariana/MG, coloca em evidência uma face negativa da mineração. O tema merece aprofundamento da comunidade acadêmica e este periódico fomentará uma edição especial em 2016 para discutir o tema.É importante compartilhar que o periódico passa a integrar a base Web of Science da Thomson Reuters, que pela importância amplia a visibilidade dos artigos publicados por estes lados do hemisfério sul.Nesta edição são publicados 21 artigos  com contribuições nas áreas de caracterização tecnológica, cominuição, simulação, concentração gravítica, flotação, espessamento e briquetagem aplicado à agricultura.Externamos nossos agradecimentos aos novos integrantes do Conselho Editorial, os pesquisadores, Christos Roumpos (Technical University of Crete, Grécia), Francisco das Chagas Silva Sousa (Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil) e Francisco Manoel dos Santos Garrido (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil).  Que nos engradeça do espírito público para compartilhar conhecimentos e ampliar horizontes que fortaleça a política científica difundida neste periódico.Esta editoria expressa reconhecimento e agradecimento à comissão organizadora do XXVI ENTMME pela realização de um excelente evento, por disponibilizar espaço para divulgação do periódico e pelo acolhimento em Poços de Caldas.Aos autores e pareceristas ad hoc, a editoria agradece de forma especial a confiança neste periódico.Por fim, convido àqueles com interesse em Tecnologia Mineral a prospectar artigos de interesse.Boas Festas e um Sempre Feliz 2016! Natal, 24 de dezembro de 2015. Prof. José Yvan Pereira Leite
Investigation on the effect of supplementary cementitious materials on the critical chloride threshold of steel in concrete
Authors: Lollini Federica , Redaelli Elena , Bertolini Luca
Published: December 2015

The critical chloride threshold is a key parameter in the service life design of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride-bearing environments. This paper investigates the role of concrete composition, and particularly the effect of supplementary cementing materials, on the chloride threshold. To simulate real exposure conditions, ponding tests were carried out on reinforced concrete specimens with bars in free corrosion conditions and corrosion initiation was detected through corrosion potential and corrosion rate measurements. After two and a half years, the ponding was followed by an ageing period and the initiation of corrosion was further detected with anodic potentiostatic polarisation tests. Results of the tests showed several limitations of the approach based on chloride penetration and monitoring of free corrosion parameters to investigate the chloride threshold. In spite of this, a possible role of natural pozzolan and coal fly ash additions in leading to higher values of the chloride threshold and ground limestone in promoting lower values of the chloride threshold could be observed.
Utility of Prostate Cancer Screening in Kidney Transplant Candidates
Authors: Vitiello Gerardo A. , Sayed Blayne A. , Wardenburg Marla , Perez Sebastian D. , Keith Christopher G. , Canter Daniel J. , Ogan Kenneth , Pearson Thomas C. , Turgeon Nicole
Published: December 2015

Screening recommendations for prostate cancer remain controversial, and no specific guidelines exist for screening in renal transplant candidates. To examine whether the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–based screening in patients with ESRD affects time to transplantation and transplant outcomes, we retrospectively analyzed 3782 male patients ≥18 years of age undergoing primary renal transplant evaluation during a 10-year period. Patients were grouped by age per American Urological Association screening guidelines: group 1, patients <55 years; group 2, patients 55–69 years; and group 3, patients >69 years. A positive screening test result was defined as a PSA level >4 ng/ml. We used univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards models to identify the independent effect of screening on transplant waiting times, patient survival, and graft survival. Screening was performed in 63.6% of candidates, and 1198 candidates (31.7%) received kidney transplants. PSA screening was not associated with improved patient survival after transplantation (P=0.24). However, it did increase the time to listing and transplantation for candidates in groups 1 and 2 who had a positive screening result (P<0.05). Furthermore, compared with candidates who were not screened, PSA-screened candidates had a reduced likelihood of receiving a transplant regardless of the screening outcome (P<0.001). These data strongly suggest that PSA screening for prostate cancer may be more harmful than protective in renal transplant candidates because it does not appear to confer a survival benefit to these candidates and may delay listing and decrease transplantation rates.
CKD Prevalence Varies across the European General Population
Authors: Brück Katharina , Stel Vianda S. , Gambaro Giovanni , Hallan Stein , Völzke Henry , Ärnlöv Johan , Kastarinen Mika , Guessous Idris , Vinhas José , Stengel Bénédicte , Brenner Hermann , Chudek Jerzy , Romundstad Solfrid , Tomson Charles , Gonzalez Alfonso Otero , Bello Aminu K. , Ferrieres Jean , Palmieri Luigi , Browne Gemma , Capuano Vincenzo , Van Biesen Wim , Zoccali Carmine , Gansevoort Ron , Navis Gerjan , Rothenbacher Dietrich , Ferraro Pietro Manuel , Nitsch Dorothea , Wanner Christoph , Jager Kitty J. ,   and on behalf of the European CKD Burden Consortium
Published: December 2015

CKD prevalence estimation is central to CKD management and prevention planning at the population level. This study estimated CKD prevalence in the European adult general population and investigated international variation in CKD prevalence by age, sex, and presence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. We collected data from 19 general-population studies from 13 European countries. CKD stages 1–5 was defined as eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, as calculated by the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration equation, or albuminuria >30 mg/g, and CKD stages 3–5 was defined as eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. CKD prevalence was age- and sex-standardized to the population of the 27 Member States of the European Union (EU27). We found considerable differences in both CKD stages 1–5 and CKD stages 3–5 prevalence across European study populations. The adjusted CKD stages 1–5 prevalence varied between 3.31% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 3.30% to 3.33%) in Norway and 17.3% (95% CI, 16.5% to 18.1%) in northeast Germany. The adjusted CKD stages 3–5 prevalence varied between 1.0% (95% CI, 0.7% to 1.3%) in central Italy and 5.9% (95% CI, 5.2% to 6.6%) in northeast Germany. The variation in CKD prevalence stratified by diabetes, hypertension, and obesity status followed the same pattern as the overall prevalence. In conclusion, this large-scale attempt to carefully characterize CKD prevalence in Europe identified substantial variation in CKD prevalence that appears to be due to factors other than the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
Severity and Frequency of Proximal Tubule Injury Determines Renal Prognosis
Authors: Takaori Koji , Nakamura Jin , Yamamoto Shinya , Nakata Hirosuke , Sato Yuki , Takase Masayuki , Nameta Masaaki , Yamamoto Tadashi , Economides Aris N. , Kohno Kenji , Haga Hironori , Sharma Kumar , Yanagita Motoko
Published: December 2015

AKI increases the risk of developing CKD, but the mechanisms linking AKI to CKD remain unclear. Because proximal tubule injury is the mainstay of AKI, we postulated that proximal tubule injury triggers features of CKD. We generated a novel mouse model to induce proximal tubule–specific adjustable injury by inducing the expression of diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor with variable prevalence in proximal tubules. Administration of high-dose DT in mice expressing the DT receptor consistently caused severe proximal tubule–specific injury associated with interstitial fibrosis and reduction of erythropoietin production. Mild proximal tubule injury from a single injection of low-dose DT triggered reversible fibrosis, whereas repeated mild injuries caused sustained interstitial fibrosis, inflammation, glomerulosclerosis, and atubular glomeruli. DT–induced proximal tubule–specific injury also triggered distal tubule injury. Furthermore, injured tubular cells cocultured with fibroblasts stimulated induction of extracellular matrix and inflammatory genes. These results support the existence of proximal-distal tubule crosstalk and crosstalk between tubular cells and fibroblasts. Overall, our data provide evidence that proximal tubule injury triggers several features of CKD and that the severity and frequency of proximal tubule injury determines the progression to CKD.
Taxing Capital? The Importance of How Human Capital is Accumulated
Authors: Peterman William B.
Published: December 2015

This paper considers the impact of how human capital is accumulated on optimal capital tax policy in a life cycle model. In particular, it compares the optimal capital tax when human capital is accumulated exogenously, endogenously through learning-by-doing, and endogenously through learning-or-doing. Previous work demonstrates that in a simple two generation life cycle model with exogenous human capital accumulation, if the utility function is separable and homothetic in each consumption and labor, then the government has no motive to condition taxes on age or tax capital. In contrast, this paper demonstrates analytically that adding either form of endogenous human capital accumulation creates a motive for the government to use age-dependent labor income taxes. Moreover, if the government cannot condition taxes on age, then a capital tax can be optimal in order to mimic such taxes. This paper quantitatively explores the strength of this channel and finds that, includ ing human capital accumulation with learning-by-doing, as opposed to exogenously, causes the optimal capital tax to increase by between 7.3 and 14.5 percentage points. In contrast, introducing learning-or-doing causes a much smaller increase in the optimal capital tax of between 0.7 and 3.7 percentage points. Taken as a whole, this paper finds that the specific formulation by which human capital is accumulated can have notable implications on the optimal capital tax.
Близкородственное скрещивание угрожает научному сообществу Испании (пер. с англ. Е. Покатович)
Authors: Rocca Francis
Published: December 2015

Rocca F.X. In Spain inbreeding threatens academe // The Chronicle of Higher Education. 2007. Vol. 53. Iss. 22. P. A31. http://chronicle.com
«1968» в прессе 2008 г. Российская журналистика 1960-х как образовательная среда
Authors: Penskaja Elena
Published: December 2015

На основании обзора архивных материалов и публицистики, посвященных сорокалетию событий 1968 г., автор делает вывод о том, что в этой теме еще осталось много «белых пятен». Одно из них — советская журналистика 1960-х годов, как официальная, так и диссидентская. В ту эпоху политические и культурные условия в СССР сложились так, что пресса стала мощной и активной силой, вторгающейся в разные сферы, в том числе в образование и науку. В те годы пресса взяла на себя целый ряд изначально не свойственных ей функций, в том числе традиционных для образовательных институтов. В статье описаны механизмы тесного сотрудничества и взаимовлияния журналистики, образования и науки, которые стали, в частности, важным фактором публичной экспертизы.
Предпринимательская активность штатов и исследовательские университеты в США: политика и новые инициативы на уровне штатов (пер. с англ. С. Кучковской)
Authors: Douglass John
Published: December 2015

Конвергенция государственного сектора науки и экономики США, начавшаяся во время президентства Р. Рейгана, стала первым этапом кампании технологических инноваций, получившей свое развитие после окончания холодной войны. В настоящее время — на ее втором этапе — новые инициативы активно осуществляются на уровне штатов: университеты, получая дальнейшее развитие, обеспечивают повышение уровня экономической конкурентоспособности. В данной публикации обсуждаются основные характеристики этого этапа. Автор приходит к следующим выводам: высокотехнологичная экономическая деятельность уже получила относительно широкое распространение в разных штатах; ведущие штаты в большой степени полагаются на свой университетский сектор и высокообразованную рабочую силу, при этом они продолжают «импортировать» еще больше талантливых кадров, не заботясь об инвестировании в образование и развитие навыков собственных граждан; долгосрочные обязательства штатов по финансовой поддержке бурного развития инициатив в сфере высоких технологий носят неопределенный характер; инициативы штатов рассматриваются законодателями как стремление удовлетворить спрос, который в настоящее время не обеспечивается частным сектором или университетами, они отчасти обусловлены духом конкуренции между штатами и незначительной ориентацией на международную конкуренцию. Автор доказывает, что политика в сфере высоких технологий — с акцентом на сотрудничество университетов и промышленности и неоконсервативную полемику религиозного и морально-этического характера в связи с исследованиями стволовых клеток — определяющий фактор в понимании того, каким образом и почему тот или иной штат участвует во втором этапе кампании технологических инноваций.
Triads method in psychological studies of complex objects
Authors: Kharlamenkova N. , Tarabrina N.V. , Nikitina D.
Published: December 2015

The article deals with one of the variants of case study method – the method of triads for study of psychological consequences of the high intensity stressors influence on person. By comparing the three ca- ses – these patients with brain tumor diagnose, the specificity of the method is determined. It is shown that with method of cases comparison it is possible to distinguish the individual reactions to stress, determine the direction of the analysis of sample data, identify the trends of development of pathogenic mechanisms. Using the method of triads make it possible to identify the developmental mechanisms of such processes, with minimum loss of informative studies.
Inter- and intraindividual approaches to study functional and somatic reactionsof individuals
Authors: Rasskazova E.I.
Published: December 2015

Paper is devoted to comparisons of inter- and intra-individual approaches to study functional and somatic reactions of individuals to subjective stress in the normative sample. Adult participants (N=79) appraised stress level, experienced somatic symptoms and filled the test of the differentiated assessment of a functional condition within four days in the evenings. In addition, illness frequency and quality of life were estimated. According to the results, appraisals of subjective stress levels, irritability, joints movements’ difficulties, headaches and symptoms that are rare in normative sample should not be averaged due to high variability. Application of the intra-individual approach in addition to the inter-individual one allows revealing cases of individual resistance and mobilization of a functional and somatic condition under the stress. Different patterns of the empirical relationships with illness frequency and quality of life are revealed depending on whether the average estimates of a stress and functioning, or individual sensitivity to a stress are measured.
Concepts of mental health and pathology: psychological criteria
Authors: Belopolskaya N.L.
Published: December 2015

Earlier we have developed criterion for delimitation of psychic norm and pathology, which are then subjected to repeated analysis and evaluation in the process of our researches and practices (Belopolskaya, 1998). As a result, the combined test was developed, which includes three partial criteria. This article contains examples of usage of the criteria and their possible combinations. The problem of relativity of the concept of «mental norm» is under discussion.
Problem of diagnostics of mental and behavioural disorders during the postmodernism era
Authors: Mendelevich V.D.
Published: December 2015

In article theoretical, methodological and practical problems of diagnostics of mental and behavioural disorders during a postmodernism era are analyzed. The role of phenomenological and psychometric approaches is estimated. The conclusion that classification of mental and behavioral disorders (ICD and DSM) leads to washing out of borders between mental and behavioral norm and pathology is drawn.
The psychology of diagnostic error
Authors: Zwaan L.
Published: December 2015

Diagnostic errors in medicine occur frequently and the consequences for the patient can be severe. Cognitive errors as well as system related errors contribute to the occurrence of diagnostic error, but it is generally accepted that cognitive errors are the main contributor. The diagnostic reasoning process in medicine, is an understudied area of research. One reason is because of the complexity of the diagnostic process and therefore the difficulty to measure diagnostic errors and the causes of diagnostic error. In this paper, I discuss some of the complexities of the diagnostic process. I describe the dual-process theory, which defines two reasoning modes, 1. a fast, automatic and unconscious reasoning mode called system 1, and a slow and analytic reasoning mode called system 2. Furthermore, the main cognitive causes of diagnostic error are described.
Self-injurious acts in patients with bordeline personality disorders
Authors: Polskaya N.A.
Published: December 2015

Results of the empirical study on the relation between emotion regulation factors and the peculiarity of self-injurious behavior in clinical and nonclinical groups are reported. Participants of the research (N=68) comprised two groups: inpatients with borderline personality disorders (N=33; М=44,9, SD=10,8) and control group (N=35; M=39,3, SD=11,2). Methods: the scale of reasons for self-injurious behavior (Polskaya, 2014), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski et al., 2002, Rasskazova et al., 2011), the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (Lazarus, Folkman, 1988, Kryukova, Kuftyak, 2004) and Emotional Intelligence questionnaire (Lyusin, 2009). Conclusion: 1) self-injuries are observed both in clinical and nonclinical group; in patients with borderline personality disorders they are related to a certain mental state and/or a wish to change it, whereas in control group self-injuries possess a reactive character; 2) such strategies of cognitive emotion regulation as decreased ability to plan, rumination and catastrophizing, can be regarded as markers of self-injurious behavior; 3) self-injury in patients with borderline personality disorders is related to decreased understanding of emotion, whereas in control group it is related to emotion management and expression; 4) self-injury can execute antisuicidal function and be reinforced by constructive strategies of emotion regulation in the structure of coping behavior or defense mechanisms.
Features of subjective picture of the world in adults with substance dependence
Authors: Vasilyeva N.L. , Molin A.G.
Published: December 2015

The article features a subjective picture of the world of adults with substance dependence. We study the following characteristics of a subjective picture of the world: the image of the father and mother, the sovereignty of psychological space of representation and development factors. In the group with substance dependence (compared with the group without substance dependence) ideas about the father and the mother are painted as more negative; the integrity of the borders of psychological space is perceived as a violation; subjective picture of the world in the category of life outside the family presents less.
The study of individual differences in health-activity of the person
Authors: Yakovleva N.V.
Published: December 2015

The study examined individual differences of heath-activity as a special form of individual self-regulation. We investigated the influence of gender, age characteristics and living conditions on health-activity. There were also complex individual psychological characteristics of the individual high and low health-activities.