bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A computational framework for time dependent deformation in viscoelastic magmatic systems
Authors: Rucker Cody , Erickson Brittany , Karlstrom Leif , Lee Brian , Gopalakrishnan Jay
Published: April 2022

Time-dependent ground deformation is a key observable in active magmatic systems, but is challenging to characterize. Here we present a numerical framework for modeling transient deformation and stress around a subsurface, spheroidal pressurized magma reservoir within a viscoelastic half-space with variable material coefficients, utilizing a high-order finite-element method and explicit time-stepping. We derive numerically stable time steps and verify convergence, then explore the frequency dependence of surface displacement associated with cyclic pressure applied to a spherical reservoir beneath a stress-free surface. We consider a Maxwell rheology and a steady geothermal gradient, which gives rise to spatially variable viscoelastic material properties. The temporal response of the system is quantified with a transfer function that connects peak surface deformation to reservoir pressurization in the frequency domain. The amplitude and phase of this transfer function characterize the viscoelastic response of the system, and imply a framework for characterizing general deformation timeseries through superposition. Transfer function components vary with the frequency of pressure forcing and are modulated strongly by the background temperature field. The dominantly viscous region around the reservoir is also frequency dependent, through a local Deborah number that measures pressurization period against a spatially varying Maxwell relaxation time. This near-reservoir region defines a spatially complex viscous/elastic transition whose volume depends on the frequency of forcing. Our computational and transfer function analysis framework represents a general approach for studying transient viscoelastic crustal responses to magmatic forcing through spectral decomposition of deformation timeseries, such as long-duration geodetic observations.
The structure and relationship of monitoring strategies and judgment accuracy. An integrative model and evidence from two studies
Authors: Händel Marion , Dresel Markus
Published: April 2022

Metacognitive monitoring plays a central role in models focusing either on monitoring strategies (models of self-regulated learning) or on monitoring judgments and their accuracy (models of metacognition). Although strategies and judgments are both concerned with monitoring one’s learning progress, they have been analyzed only independently, so far. To combine these two research perspectives, an integrative model is proposed. Two studies empirically tested the structure of metacognitive monitoring and investigated the influence of metacognitive knowledge and motivational components. The studies focused on general (Study 1, N = 396) and situation-specific (Study 2, N = 225) monitoring as well as on quantitative and qualitative aspects of monitoring (both studies). Across the two studies, monitoring one’s own learning was characterized by three separate but correlated factors: use of monitoring strategies, quality of monitoring strategies, and accuracy of monitoring judgments. Furthermore, common (metacognitive knowledge, expectancy) and specific (value) predictors of metacognitive monitoring were identified.
Re-emergence of Asia in the New Industrial Era
Authors: Tiwari Siddhartha Paul
Published: April 2022

The dawn of the new industrial era (Fourth Industrial Revolution or 4 IR, Industry 4.0, “McLuhan” stage) characterised by IT-based modern technologies and global value chains has regained the Asian economic strength. Overarching impact of 4 IR is expected on the physical, digital and biological world. Several Asian countries have maintained high growth and have displayed true globalization by possessing elements and desiderata of the 4 IR. Asia has also displayed its innovative strength in many determinants of 4 IR. Although a gradual transition from labour to capital to talent is slated to happen, Asia will have its own amalgam of the three case-by-case. For example, some Asian countries have demographic assets to use labour in low-skill jobs and they will continue to compete as low-cost manufacturing hubs for a substantially long period despite high proportion of ageing people and less birth rate. Human talent-intensive services like healthcare and education stand to benefit from 4 IR by way of cost-reduction but concerted efforts of public and private sectors are needed in these areas. Unemployment and inequality may rise initially but may be offset to a sizeable extent by new jobs and engagements and also by reorientation of knowledge, skill and attitude, the three realms of education, through continuous training, skill upgradation and self-renewal. There could be eugenic effects such as defect-rectification at early developmental stages and ultimately moving towards designer human beings in the long long run. Significant role of the state, policy and mode of governance was observed in bringing about the 4 IR. It is hoped that while thriving on the fruits of 4 IR, all stakeholders would also unite for maintaining a vigil and holding up the human values like conscience, creativity and empathy to mar the possible ill-effects of the 4IR that could be dreaded in its most dehumanized form in the long run.
Validation of rapid SARS-COV-2 antigen detection test as a screening tool for detection of Covid-19 infection at district hospital in northern India
Authors: Saba Choudhary  , Aishiya Ishrat
Published: April 2022

Background: Testing of samples from suspected SARS-CoV-2 patients with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) may result in delayed detection of infection. Given the number of people affected in pandemic, it is important to use a test that gives faster results and can be used on large number of sample size to cope with the increased testing capacity. Rapid Antigen detection test fulfills both the criteria.
Aims and Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of rapid antigen detection test compared to RT-PCR on the same patients in District Hospital.
Materials and Methods: Subjects were tested by both Rapid antigen detection testing and RT-PCR in District Hospital. The present study compared RAT and RT-PCR for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal specimen.756 Nasopharyngeal samples were obtained from suspected cases of SARS-CoV-2, Contacts of CoV2 patients, pre-operative patients in District Hospital.
Results: Of 756 nasopharyngeal samples, 81 (10.71%) were positive and 675 (89.28%) were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. The rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection test’s sensitivity 55.04% and specificity was 99.2%, respectively. Positive predictive value 93.42%, Negative predictive value 91.47%, Diagnostic Accuracy 91.67%, Cohen’s Kappa Coefficient 0.6482, 95% CI: 0.5801–0.7163.
Conclusion: The rapid antigen detection test showed comparable sensitivity and specificity with RT-PCR assay. These results support the fact that RAT is an accurate alternative to RT-PCR in areas where there is increased testing burden, for screening of asymptomatic carriers, in areas that lack suitable laboratories to perform RT-PCR, in areas such as airport, train stations, and bus stands.
Efficacy of Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and PAP smear as a screening method for diagnosis of premalignant lesions of cervix in high-risk patient
Authors: Lokhande Supriya , Neethika Raghuwanshi  , Madhuri Dhakne  , Sushma Deshmukh
Published: April 2022

Background: Carcinoma Cervix is one of the common malignant pathology causing considerable morbidity and mortality in women. One of the important aspects of management of carcinoma cervix is its early detection and appropriate management since delay in the diagnosis can have catastrophic consequences. Unfortunately in developing countries in many cases, diagnosis is delayed due to non-availability of facilities at rural areas. To overcome this screening methods such as Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) and PAP smear can be done in high-risk patients and in selected cases cervical biopsy can be done.
Aims and Objectives: (1) To compare VIA and PAP smear in relation to colposcopy as a screening method for premalignant lesions of cervix. (2) To study the efficacy of VIA as a primary screening test for detection of premalignant lesions of cervical cancer.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective analytical study in which 100 women with unhealthy cervix attending obstetrics and gynecology out patient department who were willing to participate and gave written informed consent were enrolled in the study on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. VIA was done. Pap smear was taken and slides were stained with modified Papanicolaou staining method and examined under light microscope. we compared the efficacy of VIA and PAP smear as a screening method for diagnosis of premalignant lesions of cervix in high-risk patient, and the results were confirmed with the help of colposcopy examination and its histopathological correlation with guided biopsy.
Results: Mean age of the study population was found to be 40.94 years. When VIA, PAP Smear, and colposcopy were compared highest sensitivity was seen in VIA whereas colposcopy showed highest accuracy (82%). PAP was found to have a higher specificity (84.62%) as compared to VIA or colposcopy. Highest positive predictive value and negative predictive value was seen in PAP smear (78.95%) and colposcopy (86.96%).
Conclusion: VIA is an easy to perform and highly sensitive test for diagnosis of carcinoma cervix however it has got a poor specificity. Colposcopy was found to be a better diagnostic test as it was both more sensitive as well as specific to diagnose premalignant lesions.
Nicotine use in individuals with schizophrenia and its relation with clinical severity
Authors: Sharma Bipul , Pathak Kangkan , Nath Subhashish , Mukherjee Diptadhi
Published: April 2022

Background: Schizophrenia is a major psychiatric disorder with diverse clinical presentations and comorbidities. Comorbid nicotine use worsens the clinical symptomatology, predisposes the individuals to other chronic illnesses, and is associated with poorer outcomes in schizophrenia. It is thus clinically essential to assess the presence of tobacco use, the severity of nicotine dependence, and its correlation with psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia.
Aims and Objectives: (i) To describe the pattern of tobacco use and severity of nicotine dependence in schizophrenia patients. (ii) To compare the socio-demographic variables and symptom severity of schizophrenia between tobacco users and non-users. (iii) To determine the correlation between the severity of nicotine dependence and clinical and nicotine related variables in patients of schizophrenia.
Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in a tertiary care level psychiatric hospital in the northeast of India. The study included 100 male schizophrenia patients. Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and FTND - Smokeless Tobacco, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale five-factor model was used for assessment of the severity of nicotine dependence and symptoms of Schizophrenia, respectively.
Results: 70% of the study sample used some form of tobacco. The severity of nicotine dependence was significantly higher in patients using both forms of tobacco. Tobacco use was significantly associated with lower educational status, employment status, and positive symptoms of Schizophrenia. Finally, the severity of nicotine dependence was significantly correlated with the severity of positive and emotional symptoms of schizophrenia.
Conclusion: Higher positive and emotional symptoms of schizophrenia predicted severity of nicotine use. Study needs to be replicated in larger population of patients suffering from schizophrenia.
Analysis of maternal mortality in Jammu and Kashmir: A retrospective study based on review of field data
Authors: Saleem Ur Rehman  , Jeelani Asif , SM Salim Khan
Published: April 2022

Background: The inequities in provision of essential maternal healthcare have led to significant difference in maternal mortality globally. Having area specific data of maternal deaths are an important prerequisite for strengthening of reproductive and maternal health services.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to estimate maternal mortality ratio (MMR) for J&K and describe the epidemiological characteristics of maternal deaths.
Materials and Methods: Data regarding maternal deaths and live birth from April 2020 to March 2021 were collected. Data for maternal deaths were analyzed with respect to epidemiological parameters. MMR and lifetime risk were calculated using standard formulas.
Results: A total of 91 maternal deaths were reported in the same period. It translated to an MMR of 46 for J&K. The mean age at death was 28.6 years ± 5.57. Primigravidae constituted 41.8% of deaths and most deaths (72.5%) had happened in post-natal period. Most of the deaths (78/91) had happened at tertiary level healthcare facilities with two facilities (LD Hospital, Srinagar & SMGS Hospital Jammu) reporting (52/91) of the deaths. Deaths during transit contributed to 5% of total deaths. Eclampsia and post-partum hemorrhage were the most common causes of death and contributed to around 50% of deaths.
Conclusion: The maternal mortality rate was estimated to be 46 with wide inter district variations. PPH and Eclampsia were the most common causes with most deaths happening within tertiary care hospitals.
Atypical presentation of the World Health Organization Grade 1 meningioma: A case report
Authors: Rajnish Kumar Jaiswal  , Dasgupta Sibaji
Published: April 2022

Meningiomas are the most common benign neoplasm of the brain whereas ectopic presentation, although reported, is rare. Among these ectopic tumors, there are a group of purely intraosseous meningiomas, which usually are diagnosed differentially from common primary osseous tumor such as fibrous dysplasia and osteoid osteoma. The World Health Organization (WHO) Grade 1 meningioma with an involvement of scalp, calvarial bone, dura, and brain seen rarely. This type of atypical presentation of the WHO Grade 1 meningioma rarely documented. The main theories to justify the unusual topography appear to be embryological remains of neuroectodermal tissue or cellular dedifferentiation. Surgical treatment seems the best curative option. Meningioma with bony involvement could be very aggressive tumor, need to prepare accordingly for surgery.
Electrical vestibular nerve stimulation in the management of pain in the patients with temporomandibular disorders: A pilot study
Authors: Sai Sailesh Kumar G  , Namit Garg  , Nitu Kumari  , Anita Choudhary  , Sudhir Gawarikar  , Rohit Singh Chouhan  , Dharampal Singh Chouhan  , Mahadik V K
Published: April 2022

Background: It is hypothesized that electrical vestibular stimulation may be an effective adjunctive therapy in the management of Temporomandibular disorder (TMD).
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study is to assess the effectiveness of electrical vestibular nerve stimulation (VeNS) in the management of pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders.
Materials and Methods: A total of 24 male and female participants newly diagnosed with TMD were recruited after obtaining the written informed consent. VeNS was administered for 4 weeks. Each daily session was for an hour (1 h), with three sessions being carried out each week. The pain was assessed using a numerical pain rating scale. The JFLS-8 is a short form for measuring global functional limitations of the jaw. The DASS-21 questionnaire is comprised of three self-reported scales to measure negative emotional states of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Results: Age, height, weight and, BMI were not significantly different between the control and intervention groups (Table 1). There was a significant decrease in the pain score in the intervention group when compared with the control group (P<0.001). Jaw function score was significantly improved followed by the intervention in the intervention group (P<0.001). Depression scores were significantly decreased followed by the intervention in the intervention group (P<0.001). Anxiety scores were significantly decreased followed by the intervention in the intervention group (P<0.001). Stress scores were significantly decreased followed by the intervention in the intervention group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The study introduced new technology that is electrical VeNS for the management of pain. Electrical vestibular stimulation is effective in the management of pain and decreases the negative emotions that are depression, anxiety, and stress, and improves sleep quality in patients with temporomandibular disorders. The study recommends further detailed studies in this area to recommend electrical vestibular stimulation as adjunctive therapy for the management of pain.
Spectrum of obstetric referral and their outcome at a Tertiary Care Center of Eastern Uttar Pradesh: An insight
Authors: Ankita Kumari  , Mitra Shaila , Vani Aditya
Published: April 2022

Background: Pregnancy and childbirth, especially in high-risk women, necessitate proper antenatal, intranatal, and immediate postpartum care. Early detection of complications and prompt referral to the higher level of care can reduce the associated adverse maternal outcomes.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the spectrum of pregnancy-related referrals to our hospitals and their outcomes.
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, B.R.D Medical College, Gorakhpur, U.P, India, over a period of 1 year (October 2020–September 2021). All the referred cases of obstetric indications ≥28 weeks of gestation were analyzed for reasons of referral and their outcomes.
Results: Obstetrics referral accounted for 31.15% of the total obstetrics admissions (1416/4545). The average age of study participants was 26.92 years and majority being primigravida. The major reasons for referring patient were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (16.74%), previous cesarean section (12.78%), and severe anemia (7.70%). There were 70 maternal deaths leading to case fatality rate of 4.94% while 94.2% of patient were discharged healthy.
Conclusion: Lack of knowledge, ignorance, and poor transport facilities are major contributors of poor pregnancy outcome. Timely and appropriate referral is crucial in improving maternal outcome. Improvement in the quality of Maternal Child Health care at Primary Health Centre, Community Health Centre level; regular training of health-care providers in emergency obstetrics care is required to curb unnecessary referrals and consequently in reducing fetomaternal morbidity and mortality.
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Breast in a lactating mother : Case Report
Authors: Rathee Neeraj Kumar , Gupta Nidhi , Sharma Sawant , Rathee Hari Krishan
Published: April 2022

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of breast is a rare condition. NHL breast constitute about 0.5% of all malignancies of breast. NHL breast constitute nearly 1% of all cases of NHL. Among all subtypes of NHL, DLBCL (Diffuse large B-cell Lymphoma) is the most common type to be known. Marginal zone lymphoma (10-30%), follicular lymphoma (10-20%) and Burkit Lymphoma (5%) are other common histologic variants. Burkitt lymphoma is mainly seen in pregnant females or lactating females. Breast implant associated anapaestic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL)  constitutes remaining case. Thus, primary NHL of Breast is rare condition. DLBCL is most common histologic variant. We report here a rare case of primary NHL Breast. A 30 years old lactating mother came with history of swelling and nipple discharge from bilateral breast. -Treatment approach for low grade NHL breast is Radiotherapy only and for high grade NHL breast there is a role for combined modality approach that is chemotherapy followed by Radiotherapy with or without surgical intervention.
Basketry, matting, cordage, and other organic objects from Deir el-Bahari
Authors: Pawlikowska-Gwiazda Aleksandra
Published: April 2022

Organic artifacts made of plant fibres are frequently found on Egyptian sites. Numerous baskets, mats, cordage, brushes and small items of daily use were collected, classified and documented during the Polish excavations in the Temple of Hatshepsut (Deir el-Bahari, Upper Egypt). These artifacts reflect the long history of the temple site in Deir el-Bahari, from the Pharaonic period through the times of the Christian monastery of St Phoibammon established in the ruins. Pending detailed archaebotanical analyses in the future, the raw material has been recognized as locally sourced.
One loop mechanism for neutrinoless double beta hyperon decay
Authors: Hernández Tomé Gerardo
Published: April 2022

Motivated by the large dataset to be accumulated of hyperon pairs produced in decays of $\mathcal{O}(10^{10})$ $J/\psi$ and $\psi^\prime$ charmonia states in the BES-III collaboration, we revisited the predictions of $\Delta L=2$ decays of hyperons $B^-_i\to B^+_f\ell^-\ell'^-$ in the one-loop model mechanism involving Majorana neutrinos previously presented in \cite{Barbero:2002wm}. Unlike the previous work, by modeling the momentum transfer dependence of the hyperon form factors in the computation we provide finite results for the loop integration. Furthermore, since we keep finite masses for the neutrinos throughout the calculations, we are able to consider the effects of heavy Majorana neutrinos. Thus, our results are applied to a simple model that involves two Majorana heavy neutrinos in the framework of a low-scale seesaw model. In order to provide and compare additional predictions, we study an alternative model where $\Delta L=2$ decays are induced by the short-range effects of a scalar boson coupled to di-leptons.
Factors Affecting People’s Participation in Home Composting in Moratuwa and Kaduwela Municipalities in Western Province of Sri Lanka: A Comparative Study
Authors: R. Lalitha S. Fernando
Published: April 2022

Home composting is considered an effective method in solid waste management as composting reduces the amount of solid waste in the place of generation itself. However, many people are reluctant to adopt home composting for various reasons in Sri Lanka. This study examines the most significant factors influencing people's home composting based on Kaduwela and Moratuwa Municipalities (MC) of Western Province in Sri Lanka. Both Municipalities encourage composting programs in their areas. The study population was the total number of households in Moratuwa and Kaduwela Municipalities. For the sample, 2% (1808 households) of the population (households) from both Municipalities were selected randomly. The quantitative research method was used, and data were collected by using a structured close-ended questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using SPSS statistical software with descriptive and inferential statistics. Based on the analysis, the study confirmed that market opportunities for compost, social diffusion, access to the garden, higher family income level, local government intervention, and pro-environmental behavior significantly affect people's participation in home composting in both MCs. In addition to that, attitudes for gardening and general concern for the environment significantly affect Moratuwa MC, while health risks and attitudes for composting significantly affect Kaduwela MC for the people's participation in home composting. In comparatively, people's participation in home composting in Kaduwela MC relatively performs better than Moratuwa MC.

Keywords: Home Composting, Municipal Solid Waste Management, Sri Lanka
The “Good,” the “Bad,” and the “Irresponsibles”: Alexander Peter Reid and His “Utilitarian, if Sordid” Discussion of Eugenics in Nova Scotia, 1875–1913
Authors: Digdon Leslie
Published: April 2022

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, eugenics was heralded by physicians, social reformers, educators, and politicians as a science that promised to improve human populations and to solve social ills. This article examines and contextualizes the work of Alexander Peter Reid (1836–1920), a Nova Scotian physician, social reformer, and asylum superintendent while tracing the formation of his eugenic ideology and its transnational influences.
Coriocarcinoma gestacional y no gestacional del ovario
Authors: Waterhouse Garbanzo Johan David , Díaz Gutiérrez Irma Rebeca
Published: April 2022

El coriocarcinoma de ovario es un tumor de células germinales con una incidencia muy baja y que puede ser de tipo gestacional o no gestacional, dependiendo de su etiología. Las pacientes cursan con síntomas muy variados, desde dolor abdominal, sangrado uterino anormal, hasta efectos secundarios causados por la elevación de hCG o producto de las metástasis frecuentemente en pulmón y cerebro. Su diagnóstico es muy difícil y tiende a confundirse con otras patologías ováricas. Generalmente, se necesita ultrasonido, estudios patológicos y genéticos para realizar un diagnóstico acertado. El tratamiento consiste en ciclos de quimioterapia y manejo quirúrgico. La sobrevida depende del estadio al momento del diagnóstico.
Spinal Brucellosis Masquerading as Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis: A Rare Case
Authors: Salim Azizul Akram , Nik Hassan Nadiah , Haron Juhara , Johari Joehaimey , Yusof Mohd Imran
Published: April 2022

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection secondary to Brucella spp. Musculoskeletal system is the most affinity site to been affected by this disease and lumbar vertebrae the most favourite site of involvement. The disease can manifest as focal or diffuse. The dietary history is a main and good clinical clue towards the definite diagnosis. Plain radiograph may benefit in terms of focal disease, however MRI is the most sensitive and appropriate imaging to look for extension of the disease and spinal complications. We are reporting a case of spinal Brucellosis in a lady who was initially diagnosed as pyogenic and tuberculous spondylodiscitis. Patient’s initial presentation as well as the radiological investigation led towards the diagnosis of pyogenic spondylodiscitis, however the blood culture revealed Brucella melitensis. We would like to highlight the importance of clinical history and challenges in diagnosing spinal Brucellosis as radiographic manifestation is non-specific and the organism are almost forgotten nowadays.
Oral Health and Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ab Malik Normaliza , Mohamad Yatim Saari , Li Leonard Sheung Wai , Abdullah Ramaiah Asri Rangga
Published: April 2022

This scoping review aimed to gain an insight into the oral health status, behaviour, knowledge, and risk among cardiovascular patients, as well as to explore challenges and to make a recommendation concerning oral health and cardiovascular patients. It focused on four key areas, namely oral health status, behaviour, knowledge, and associated risk factors. Relevant studies were searched using a combination of keywords and related search terms. Four available databases were used; EBSCOhost, Scopus, Proquest, and Pubmed to identify the relevant studies. A total of 789 papers were screened and duplicated papers were removed, 28 papers were retrieved for full-text review. It was found that most cardiovascular patients have poor oral health, while their oral health behaviour and knowledge were at a fair level. There are a limited number of studies assessing oral health conditions during cardiac rehabilitation. In general, protocol and guidelines about the importance of oral health care for cardiovascular patients are still lacking. Having good oral health has potential impacts in reducing the risk of CVD. Future research is warranted with potential intervention approaches to improve oral health conditions among cardiovascular patients, thus reducing the risk of CVD.
Balance Disorders: A Review of Patients at a Specialized Vestibular Clinic
Authors: Wong Kim Yew Richard , Zainal Abidin Muhammad Hosni , Jamaluddin Saiful Adli , S.M.A Abdul Rasheed Shamim Rahman , Hussein Al-Hadeethi Yahia Faik
Published: April 2022

Introduction: With recent advancements in vestibular assessments, new ancillary tests can assist clinicians to better understand underlying cause of a balance problem. The recently established specialized vestibular clinic in Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre @IIUM is equipped with these tests. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the different diagnoses of balance disorders in a specialized vestibular clinic in Kuantan, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective review of 121 walk-in patients over an 18-month period at a specialized Vestibular Clinic in Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre @IIUM. The variables analysed in this review include the age, gender, ethnicity, diagnoses, and total number of visits before diagnoses were achieved. Results: Meticulous history taking, focused otorhinolaryngological examination and detailed vestibular assessment through the specialized vestibular clinic helped us in reaching a conclusive diagnosis. The most common cause of balance disorders in our review was Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), constituting 41.3% of the cases. Among the canals, the posterior canal is the most affected  (70%) and is usually treated with Epley manoeuvre. Other common diagnoses   include Vestibular Migraine, Meniere’s Disease and Vestibular Neuritis. Conclusion: Vestibular clinics play a vital role in helping to pinpoint the accurate diagnosis of patients with balance disorders.
COVID-19 phobia, mindful eating, eating habits and body weight change among university students during pandemic: A pilot study
Authors: Yıldız Feride , Karaçil Ermumcu Merve Şeyda
Published: April 2022

To evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 phobia on mindful eating, eating habits and body weight change among university students. This study was carried out with 385 university students who have been in social isolation at home for at least 2 months. The online survey was constituted via an internet-based questionnaire on Google forms. The survey includes demographics features, body weight, eating habits, change in appetite and consumption of food/food groups. COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S) and the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) were used. Results: Both males and females had similar scores from C19P-S and MEQ. Body weight and BMI of students significantly increased during the pandemic period (p<0.05). The percentage of being underweight decreased and being pre-obese/obese increased during the pandemic period. The percentage of the increase in the consumption of sweets, toffees, candies and foods with sugar was high in both groups (male: 48.2%; female: 47.1%). The most increased consumption of food groups was fruit, and also fast food was the most decreased among the consumption of food groups in this study. In addition, a negative correlation was found between C19P-S and MEQ scores (r=-0.214, p<0.001). And also there was a negative correlation between the MEQ subscale of emotional eating scores and psychological, psycho-somatic and social subscales of C19P-S (p<0.01). C19P-S scores had significantly higher in those with increased or decreased appetite and MEQ scores had significantly higher in those who have decreased or unchanged appetite. COVID-19 phobia can affect mindful eating and eating habits during the social isolation/pandemic period in university students. It is important to increase mindful eating during the pandemic, to provide adequate and balanced nutrition, to reduce the risk of disease and to affect the course of the disease positively.
Mineral content of macroalgae and possible uses for human health
Authors: Polat Sevim , Polat Abdurrahman
Published: April 2022

Seaweeds have been used since ancient times as food, food additives, fertilizer, and a source of medicine. Like terrestrial plants, seaweeds contain many inorganic and organic substances which can beneficial to human health. Seaweeds have great potential as “bioactive compounds for functional use, “algae mineral supplements”, “pharmaceuticals and cosmetics” and in addition to their potential of good sources of minerals, trace elements, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates as traditional food. Due to the mineral absorption ability of macroalgae from the seawater, many species are a perfect source of some trace elements such as iron and iodine and a good source of some macro minerals such as calcium, phosphate, and magnesium. In some cases, the mineral content of the seaweeds may be higher than that of land plants. Scientific data show that the bioavailability of algae minerals is higher than rock-based minerals for humans. In recent years, the potential use of seaweed minerals as “algae mineral supplements” gained attention due to their rich elemental composition and the importance of minerals for human health. Mineral composition of seaweeds may vary according to locality, season, residence time, species physiology, and environmental conditions such as level of elements in seawater, light intensity, and salinity. Thus, new approaches and researches are needed on how much seaweeds can be consumed daily and their potential health risks. In this study, the mineral contents of seaweeds, the importance of minerals for human health, and potential uses of algae minerals were investigated.
REVIEW OF CURRENT SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN MYANMAR HEAVY EQUIPMENT MACHINERY INDUSTRY
Authors: Soe Pyi Kyaw , Ghosh Abhijit , Bhaumik Amiya , Chakravarthy Midhun
Published: April 2022

Heavy equipment machinery industry means the industry of doing business with heavy duty vehicles, earth moving equipment and big power generators which are widely being using in infrastructure construction, agriculture, mining, oil and gas fields, power plant projects and manufacturing factories. Heavy equipment machines are essentially required and vital role in construction and production to be done in a shorter time, low cost, and massive amount of production. In Myanmar, Heavy equipment machines and spare parts were not able to produce, and such kind of products are importing from abroad. Therefore, supply chain management (SCM) process is main characteristics, and performance of SCM process is playing as a critical role in Myanmar Heavy Equipment Machinery Industry (Myanmar HEMI). Purpose of this review paper is to present the current SCM practices of Myanmar heavy equipment machinery industry and applying of SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) latest model SCOR 12.0, and to explore the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to be developed the process of SCM in Myanmar HEMI. This paper has conducted review and evidence-based research design, and qualitative method for surveying authorized dealer organizations of worldwide market share top 10 brands in Myanmar HEMI. The results of this review paper stated that current SCM practices of Myanmar HEMI are reached to below SCOR 12.0 standard operation processes, and organizations within industry must learn more knowledge about SCM and benefits of applying SCM practices. This paper suggested that how to apply and implement the standard processes of SCOR 12.0 in Myanmar HEMI. Additionally, this paper introduced and recommended to apply SCM 4.0 version in near future, which is fully applied the Internet of Things (IoT), modern technologies, and digital based supply chain management latest model and it contributes for more benefits in competing and developing within Myanmar HEMI organizations.
NURSES' PERCEPTIONS OF THE RESPONSIBILITY OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS: A VIGNETTE STUDY
Authors: Rosli Nurfadhillah Awang , Hj Md Sofian Hajah Norashikin , Md Saiful Fakhira Hj , Zolkefli Yusrita
Published: April 2022

Background: Patients' duties and responsibilities, including lifestyle modifications as a preventive measure, have been brought into question as a result of lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes mellitus. As the importance of patient autonomy rises, it becomes increasingly important for patients to assume responsibility for their health care. However, little is known about how patient responsibility embedded into diabetic mellitus patients, raising concerns about nurses ability to understand these responsibilities. Aim: The focus of the research was to examine nurses’ behaviour in the medical wards of RIPAS Hospital in Brunei Darussalam with regard to diabetic patients' responsibilities and how this influenced patient treatment outcomes. Methods: Data was collected using vignettes with nine nurses from the medical wards in a descriptive qualitative approach. Results: Three themes developed from the data analysis, namely initial feelings toward diabetic patients, the impact of patient responsibilities, and the importance of caring in nursing care. Conclusion: It is recognised that nurses view patient responsibilities differently in response to the unique needs of diabetic patients, necessitating a patient-centred approach to support such responsibilities.
HYPNOSIS (HYPNOTHERAPY) IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING OPERATION: INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Judha Mohamad , D. Lorica Josephine
Published: April 2022

Background: Patients undergoing operation will feel anxiety, this anxiety will affect the physiological status of the patient which can further have an impact on changes in the patient's hemodinamic and clinical status. Fear of the process that will be undertaken, imagining the pain that will be suffered and the existence of other factors, namely the lack of support for the preparation of surgery from family and people around is like a burden for the patient. Purpose: To craft existing hypnotherapy to improve the patient's readiness for surgery, anxiety/ worries and pain. Methods: Literature search from CIAHL, Scopus, PubMed, International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS), and Google Scholar 2002-2020, on this topic using hypnotherapy in preoperative preparation as keyword showed 8 related articles by other researchers. Results: From the results of literature studies it was found that there are several benefits of giving hypnosis before surgery. Hypnosis can also be termed as giving hypnotherapy. The impact is in the form of positive changes. There are various advantages of applying hypnosis to pre-operative patients in several countries such as France, Indonesia and America, including, reducing pain, reducing anxiety among patients to be undergoing surgery, preparing patients for surgery and reducing other post-operative impacts. Conclusion: Hypnosis can be applied in the cases of advanced preoperative patients, which can improve self-preparedness and can even decrease postoperative pain.
THE VASCULAR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCE AMONG POST-STROKE PATIENTS AT HOSPITAL UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA
Authors: Abidin Hazirah Zainal , Ab Rani Nur Syairah , Mohd Yusoff Mohd Nasir Che , Hashim Sabarisah
Published: April 2022

Effectiveness of stroke care and treatment recently was associated with increase stroke survivors however, half of them are left with significant vascular cognitive impairment and functional dependent. The aims of this study is to determine the association between Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) with clinical characteristics and functional dependence among 42 post-stroke patients admitted at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hosp.USM), Kelantan, Malaysia. Personal information, level of cognitive impairment using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and functional dependence and independent level using a Barthel index data was collected. The result showed that 23.8% of stroke patients had severe vascular cognitive impairment, 40.5% had mild vascular cognitive impairment, while the other 35.7% had no vascular cognitive impairment. Besides, the functional level indicated that 19.0% of participants were dependent and 81.0% were independent. There was no statistically significant association between vascular cognitive impairment with gender, stroke location, and underlying medical disease. However, a significant and positive correlation was found between the level of vascular cognitive impairment and functional dependence level (r = 0.553, p < 0.001). An early assessment of the degree of cognitive impairment and functional independence will help enhance the treatment of stroke patients and reduce potential problems such as secondary strokes or other cardiovascular events.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE (KAP) TOWARDS BLOOD DONATION AMONG E-PJJ DEGREE NURSING STUDENTS
Authors: Fauzi Rosuzeita , Jamaludin Nur Salma , Ahmed Noor Fathiah , Ahmad Sharoni Siti Khuzaimah
Published: April 2022

Background: The shortage of blood in any hospital in every state is due to an increase in blood demand for severe critical injuries, with a fewer voluntary and limited number of replacement blood donors. The case is worst when there is a lack of voluntary blood donors. Objective: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards blood donation among e-PJJ degree nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 109 e-PJJ degree nursing students at UiTM Puncak Alam campus. Students who participated using purposive sampling (n=109) were asked to complete a set of self-administered questionnaires. Knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire were used to measure KAP towards blood donation. The association between knowledge and attitude was determined using Pearson correlation. Results: The mean (SD) score for the level of knowledge towards blood donation is 15.59 (4.59) and for the attitude is 5.17 (1.03). Percentage of practice, 65 (59.6%) of the students said that they donate blood voluntarily, and just over half of the students, 103 (94.5%), reported that they are willing to become a regular donor. The level of knowledge has a significant positive correlation with the attitude towards blood donation (r=1.00, p< 0.01). Conclusion: In general, most students in this study had good knowledge and a positive attitude towards blood donation. However, blood donation was still an unsatisfactory practise. A targeted approach to improving blood donation knowledge in this population should be implemented as one of the approaches to improve blood donation rates in the future.
THE EXPERIENCES OF NURSE’S FRUSTRATIONS IN CLINICAL SETTINGS
Authors: Garces-Cabanas Charade Therese , Dano Julius Colonia
Published: April 2022

Frustrations is a deep chronic sense or state of insecurity and dissatisfaction arising from unresolved problems or unfulfilled needs. This study delved on the lived experiences of nurses’ frustrations particularly in the clinical settings. The research design utilized a qualitative descriptive phenomenological study in the public and private tertiary hospitals in Cebu City, Philippines employing millennial nurses. Thus, purposive sampling and an in-depth semi-structured method was utilized. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s process for phenomenological data analysis. The results of the study emerged five major themes from the extracted statements specifically: (1) challenging experience, (2) controlling experience, (3) cold-shouldering experience, (4) censuring experience and (5) unvalued experience. The lived experiences of the millennia nurses significantly revealed their thoughts and feelings as a result of frustrations encounters in the workplace. To address the findings, it is best for the clinical nurse managers and leaders to be vigilant on the situations that may cause frustrations and find a way on how to deal without putting stigma to the millennial nurses in the clinical setting and continually redesigning the system to adapt to ongoing and future challenges. It is recommended that the nurse managers and administration may explore tailor-fit approaches and programs in the workplace to address reducing, preventing and eliminating frustrations of nurses, to improve policies in the workplace particularly in addressing related educational development, participation in professional trainings, autonomy in nursing practice, and workloads, the academician may enhance the policy improvement by conducting research related to conflict and frustrations, and lastly the future researchers may use the findings for further studies in order to deepen the understanding of frustrations among nurses.
Development and validation of a novel survival prediction model for newly diagnosed lower-grade gliomas
Authors: Zhu Qiang , Liang Yuchao , Fan Ziwen , Liu Yukun , Zhou Chunyao , Zhang Hong , He Lei , Li Tianshi , Yang Jianing , Zhou Yanpeng , Wang Jiaxiang , Wang Lei
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE

Diffuse gliomas are the most common primary gliomas with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to develop and validate prognostic models for predicting the survival probability in newly diagnosed lower-grade glioma (LGG) patients.

METHODS

Detailed data were obtained for newly diagnosed LGG from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) cohorts. Survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression with adjustment for known prognostic factors. The model was established using the TCGA cohort, and independently validated using the CGGA cohort, to predict the 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival probabilities of patients.

RESULTS

Data from 293 patients with newly diagnosed LGG from the TCGA cohort were used to establish a prognostic model, and from 232 patients with primary LGG in the CGGA cohort to validate the model. Age, tumor grade, molecular subtype, tumor resection, and preoperative neurological deficits were included in the prediction model. The Cox regression model had a satisfactory corrected concordance index of 0.8508, 0.8510, and 0.8516 in the internal bootstrap validation at 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. The calibration plots demonstrated high consistency of the predicted and observed outcomes. The CGGA cohort was used for external validation and showed satisfactory discrimination of 0.7776, 0.7682, and 0.7051 at 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. The calibration plots demonstrated an acceptable calibration capability in the external validation.

CONCLUSIONS

This study established and validated a prognostic model to predict the survival probability of patients with newly diagnosed LGG. The model performed well in discrimination and calibration with ease of use, speed, accessibility, interpretability, and generalizability. An easily used nomogram based on the Cox model was established for clinical application. Moreover, a free, easy-to-use software interface based on the nomogram is provided online.