bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La perspectiva de género en la disciplina laboral y de protección social. Fundamentos y límites
Authors: Puebla Ana de la
Published: October 2023

La perspectiva de género, tal y como está concebida en los instrumentos internacionales y en las normas nacionales, tiene una proyección general e interdisciplinar. Sin duda, la necesidad de esta perspectiva como criterio de resolución judicial es particularmente significativa en el ámbito social, por razones vinculadas con la propia configuración de las normas sociales y el contexto sociológico y temporal en que estas se elaboran. Al respecto, los tribunales del orden social de la jurisdicción vienen aplicando el criterio hermenéutico de la perspectiva de género en numerosas resoluciones judiciales, especialmente las relacionadas con la protección social, para corregir interpretaciones de las normas que ahonden en la discriminación por razón de género. Recientes pronunciamientos, sin embargo, traen a un primer plano la posibilidad de fijar límites a la aplicación del canon de la perspectiva de género, advirtiendo sobre la necesaria distinción entre la función creadora e interpretativa que corresponde a los órganos judiciales.
Students’ Critical Thinking Skills on Temperature and Heat Material through Educational Video Based on Local Wisdom
Authors: Achsani Maudy Nur Nur , Jasuri Jasuri , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: October 2023

This research aims to develop learning media products through educational videos based on local wisdom to improve critical thinking skills on temperature and heat. The research type is research and development using the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). The study subjects were students of class X MIPA SMA Al-Hadi Girikusuma Mranggen Demak. Data collection techniques used are tests in the form of pretest-posttest, questionnaires, and documentation. The results showed that media and material expert validation obtained an average of 95.86% with a very feasible category. Student responses to learning media in the form of educational videos based on local wisdom obtained an average of 71.08% with a very interesting category. Improved critical thinking skills can be seen based on pretest and posttest scores. The results of the pretest and posttest calculations using the Gain Test obtained a result of 0.67 in the medium category. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that educational videos based on local wisdom can improve students' critical thinking skills in the heat and temperature materials developed that meet the criteria of being very suitable for students to use as learning media and can improve critical thinking skills. The implication is that this approach can be used as an effective alternative in teaching and learning that aims to develop students' critical thinking skills. Students can associate abstract concepts with their cultural and environmental contexts by incorporating local wisdom values in temperature and heat learning materials. This can increase their understanding and provide a more meaningful learning experience.
Validity and Students’ Responses to Interactive E-Modules Based on Inquiry Learning Assisted by the Virtual Laboratory on Static Electricity
Authors: Nurliani Fatmila , Rahmawati Irma , Suryandari Suryandari
Published: October 2023

The development of an interactive e-module based on inquiry learning assisted by a virtual laboratory on static electricity was created to produce innovative learning media and follow the trends of the 5.0 learning era. Therefore, the research was directed at validating the material and media in related modules and measuring students' responses to the modules being developed. This research used Borg and Gall's ten-step research and development model. However, the Borg and Gall development model in this study was modified into six research steps: research and information collecting, planning, developing preliminary from product, preliminary field testing, main product revision, and main field testing. The research respondents were 30 students from class XII IPA at MAN 1 Hulu Sungai Tengah. The product validity results by material experts reached V Aiken's 0.91, and media experts reached V Aiken's 0.96, both of which are in the high validity category. The results of student responses show an average value of 90%, equivalent to a very good product category. Thus, the interactive e-module based on inquiry learning assisted by the virtual laboratory on static electricity is included in the “strongly agree” category to be suitable for use.
Science Learning in Solar System Material with Differentiated Learning Styles Using the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) Model to Improve Cognitive Learning Outcomes
Authors: Damayanti Puspananda , Yusro Andista Candra , Wahyuni Tutik
Published: October 2023

This study aims to describe the observation of improving cognitive learning outcomes with learning style differentiation learning with the use of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model. The study was carried out at a junior high school in Jombang district. The population based on the object of observation was carried out, namely class VII F and VII D students for the 2022/2023 school year, with a total population in this study of 62 people. Class VII D served as the control group for the study, and Class VII F served as the experimental group. The research sample was taken using the total sampling technique. Data was collected using tests with instruments like pretest and posttest question sheets. The average value of N-gain shows that the study's findings—namely, the improvement in learning outcomes of diversified learning styles utilizing the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model—have improved. The study's findings revealed that the average n-gain value in the experimental class was 0.74 in the high category and 0.69 in the medium category for the control class.These findings suggest that differentiated learning with the use of the PjBL model approach increases student learning outcomes more than conventional learning.
Exploration of the Process of Making Batik Sendang Duwur as a Physics Teaching Material on Temperature and Heat
Authors: Nikmah Fatihatun , Suprapto Nadi , Prahani Binar Kurnia , Deta Utama Alan
Published: October 2023

This study explores the concept of physics in local potential, namely hand-drawn batik, by integrating indigenous science with scientific science. The discussion will be related to the physical concepts of temperature and heat transfer at each step or process of making batik, such as heating wax to write batik patterns, dyeing batik cloth, removing batik wax, and drying batik. This research is qualitative research with interview and observation techniques on batik craftsmen in Sendang Duwur Village, Paciran Lamongan. The data analysis technique used refers to the Miles and Huberman model. This study made observations, followed by an exploration of the physics concept of the batik process directly and supported by existing theories. The results of this study there are concepts of physics applied in making Batik Sendang Duwur, especially temperature and heat physics.
Semi-Analytical Solutions for Wave Propagation of Periodically Repetitive Schwarz Primitive Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Based Structure Embedded With Acoustic Black Hole Resonators
Authors: Ma Yongbin , Cheng Qingfeng
Published: October 2023

The Schwarz Primitive triply periodic minimal surface (P-TPMS) lattice structure is attracting more attention due to its superior mechanical properties and unique topological configuration. In this study, a new periodic configuration is proposed in which the unit cell is formed by embedding the acoustic black hole (ABH) component in the primary P-TPMS component. A semi-analytical method is developed to calculate the wave propagation properties of the proposed structure. The dynamical equilibriums of the primary P-TPMS and ABH components are described by the finite element method and the WKB method respectively. By considering the compatibility at the connections between the components and using the equivalent dynamic stiffness technique, dispersion analysis can be implemented in the framework of the wave and finite element (WFE) method. Various numerical examples with different number, type and connection position of the resonators are investigated. By comparing the calculation results from the present semi-analytical method with that from the finite element method, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated. The influences of the number, type, and connection position of the resonators on the bandgap properties are investigated.
Dynamic Structural Health Monitoring With Filter Net De-noising and SSDBN Model Using Vibrational Data
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Beenamol M.
Published: October 2023

Measurement noise is always part of the vibration data in vibration-based structural health monitoring (SHM). However, it might be challenging to regulate the state in which civil constructions are tested in the field. Moreover, strong noise from a variety of sources, make damage detection inaccurate. Additionally, the precision of the current studies will eventually begin to saturate and possibly deteriorate. To overcome the mentioned limitations, this research proposed a deep learning framework for monitoring the structural health. First, Filter Net is suggested, which integrates neural network techniques for de-noising observed vibration signals with skip connection, dropout and shuffling. The next step was to propose a smooth sparse deep boltzmann network to detect structural degradation. A sparse penalty component built on the inverse function norm was added to improve performance. In addition, a greedy algorithm is used to perform unsupervised learning, which trains the first Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) using the sampling data before using the first RBM's parameters to initialize the Deep belief networks (DBNs) first layer's parameters. Then, a BP network is used in a fine-tuning method to get the final systematic parameters. As a result, the RBM provides the Smooth Sparse Deep Boltzmann Network (SSDBN) with a decent starting value and therefore ensures higher performance.
Blockchain-enabled Pharmaceutical Supply Chain under Uncertain Demand: Cost Prediction through the Tuning of Evolutionary Supervised Learning
Authors: Havaeji Hossein , Dao Thien-My , Wong Tony
Published: October 2023

This paper provides a new multi-function Blockchain Technology-enabled Pharmaceutical Supply Chain (BT-enabled PSC) mathematical cost model, including PSC costs, BT costs, and uncertain demand fluctuations. The purpose of this study is to find the most appropriate algorithm(s) with minimum prediction errors to predict the costs of the BT-enabled PSC model. This paper also aims to determine the importance and cost of each component of the multi-function model. To reach these goals, we combined four Supervised Learning algorithms (KNN, DT, SVM, and NB) with two Evolutionary Computation algorithms (HS and PSO) after data generation. Each component of the multi-function model has its own importance, and we applied the Feature Weighting approach to analyse their importance. Next, four performance metrics evaluated the multi-function model, and the Total Ranking Score determined predictive algorithms with high reliability. The results indicate the HS-NB and PSO-NB algorithms perform better than the other six algorithms in predicting the costs of the multi-function model with small errors. The findings also show that the Raw Materials cost has a stronger influence on the model than the other components. This study also introduces the components of the multi-function BT-enabled PSC model.
Effect of P-dipping on above- and below-Ground Growth of NERICA 4 Rice in Different Soil Types
Authors: Odama Emmanuel , Tsujimoto Yasuhiro , Yabuta Shin , Akagi Isao , Chepkoech Rael , Soe Ibrahim , Sakagami Jun-Ichi
Published: October 2023

Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major constraint limiting sustainable rice cultivation in sub-Saharan Africa—partly due to the deeply weathered soils that have low pH and contain high P-fixing Fe and Al oxides. Soil texture also affects P availability and use efficiency. In this study, we evaluated the combined effect of soil texture (sand, clay loam, and clay) and P treatments (P-dipping and two other P fertilizer levels) on growth of NERICA 4 rice in the initial growth stages. In a factorial experiment, we measured the interaction effects of soil texture and P treatments on shoot parameters and root morphology. Both treatments had significant interaction effects on all measured parameters, except shoot biomass, and affected the photosynthetic rate, with the highest mean values obtained under clay loam soil texture and P-dipping treatment, respectively. The treatments also affected rice root morphology. In a striking contrast, whereas mean root length under clay was significantly higher than that under clay loam texture, mean shoot P uptake under clay loam soil was significantly higher than that under clay soil texture. The interactive effect of soil texture and P-dipping influenced NERICA 4 shoot and root physiological and morphological characteristics under clay loam soil texture.
A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of In- and Cross-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Bilayer Graphene
Authors: Mohammadi Rafat , Ghaderi Mohammad Reza , Hajian Ebrahim
Published: October 2023

Efficient thermal management of modern electronics requires the use of thin films with highly anisotropic thermal conductivity. Such films enable the effective dissipation of excess heat along one direction while simultaneously providing thermal insulation along the perpendicular direction. In this study, we investigate the thermal conductivity of bilayer graphene (BLG) sheets using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics, examining both in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivities. The in-plane thermal conductivity of 10 nm × 10 nm BLG with zigzag and armchair edges at room temperature is found to be around 204 W/m.K and 124 W/m.K, respectively. The in-plane thermal conductivity of BLG increases with sheet length. For all sizes, BLG with a zigzag edge exhibits higher thermal conductivity than that of the armchair edge, with this difference becoming more pronounced as the lengths of the sheets increase. In addition, increasing temperature from 300 K to 600 K decreases the in-plane thermal conductivity of a 10 nm× 10 nm zigzag BLG by about 34%. Similarly, the application of a 12.5% tensile strain induces a 51% reduction in its thermal conductivity compared to the strain-free values. Armchair configurations exhibit similar responses to variations in temperature and strain, but with less sensitivity. Furthermore, the cross-plane thermal conductivity of BLG at 300 K is estimated to be 0.05 W/m·K, significantly lower than the in-plane results by approximately four orders of magnitude. The cross-plane thermal conductance of BLG decreases with increasing temperatures, specifically, at 600 K, its value is almost 16% of that observed at 300 K.
The Effect of Arm Muscle Power, Waist Flexibility, And Self-Confidence on Front Handspring Skills in Artistics Gymnastics
Authors: Lubis Hafiz Yazid , Setiakarnawijaya Yasep , Jauhari Mansur
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of arm muscle power, waist flexibility and self-confidence on front handspring skills of students of Medan State University Sports Coaching Education. Data collection was carried out in November 2021 at the Faculty of State University of Medan. The research method used in this study is a survey method with path analysis techniques. The sample used in this study amounted to 84 students who came from first semester students of Sports Coaching Education. The first test was taken, namely the measurement of arm muscle power and waist flexibility measurement, then continued with measuring self-confidence and front handspring skills. The hypothesis testing technique used in this study is using path analysis techniques. The data obtained will go through a data analysis process through SPSS. The results of this study indicate that there is a direct effect of the variable X1 on X3 = 0.171, the direct effect of the variable X2 on X3 = 0.677, the direct effect of the variable X1 on Y = 0.157, the direct effect of the variable X2 on Y = 0.199, the direct effect of the variable X2 on Y = 0.199, the direct variable X3 on Y = 0.651, indirect effect of variable X1 on Y through X3 = 0.111 and indirect effect of variable X2 on Y through X3 = 0.440.
Solusi Permasalahan Pengembangan Wakaf Uang di Indonesia
Authors: Hadi Solikhul
Published: October 2023

Cash waqf has great potential, but many challenges and threats are faced in the framework of developing this islamic social financial instrument. and the purpose of this research is to answer the problem: what are the problems faced in the framework of developing cash waqf in indonesia? what are the solutions and strategies that must be implemented in the long-term strategic framework? with the IFAS EFAS matrix and swot method approaches, we will try to answer some of these questions and find solutions. the results of the evaluation of internal factors indicate that the highest weaknesses are the lack of socialization to the community and the lack of professional nazhir human resources. the results of the evaluation of external factors (EFE) show that what is considered a threat is the relatively weak political will of the authority holders followed by the majority of nazhir who are still traditional in waqf management in general. after knowing the important factors above, a cash waqf development strategy in indonesia uses the SWOT analysis is as follows: (a) transparency and accountability of waqf institutions, (b) improving the quality of nazhir cash waqf managers, (c) innovative marketing strategies from waqf institutions and (e) support for waqf regulations. the next priority strategies are: (d) development of waqf educational institutions, and (g) technology and computerization of waqf management. the last but not least is (f) update and validation related to waqf and cash waqf data.
Pandangan Fikih muamalah terhadap Transaksi Non-Fungible Token (NFT)
Authors: Fahmi Much Maftuhul
Published: October 2023

Non-Fungible Token (NFT) Is One Of The Most Popular Digital Assets Transacted By The Global Community. This Phenomenon Is Increasingly Popular With The News That Ghazali Is Able To Earn Billions Of Rupiah. The NFT Phenomenon Attracts Researchers To Conduct An Analysis Related To The Transaction Law In It And Its Validity According To The Four Madhhab Muamalah Fikh. This Research Uses A Literature Study Approach By Collecting Data And Information Related To NFT And The Views Of Several Scholars Regarding The Pillars Of Buying And Selling Contracts (Bay') Which Include: NFT As Ma'qud 'Alaih, Cryptocurrency As Tsaman Or Mal, Sellers And Buyers, and Contract Shighat. This Study Resulted In Two Findings: A) NFT Is A Mal Maknawi In The Fikih Mu'amalah Review And B) NFT Transactions Are Legally Valid Because They Have Fulfilled All The Requirements And Pillars Of A Buying And Selling Contract (Bay'): NFT As A Mall Meaning, Cryptocurrency As A Transaction Tool In NFT (Tsaman) And Entering Into A Hiwalah Contract, Two Actors (Al-'Aqidan), And Contract Shighat.
Powtoon as Digital Learning Media in Academic Writing Class: Students’ Perspective and Challenges
Authors: Indriani Lilia , Ekaningrum Rini Estiyowati , Rahardi Panggih
Published: October 2023

Facing the post-Covid-19 pandemic, teachers need to enhance technology in their teaching and learning process, especially in delivering the materials for the students. As digital natives, students are familiar with technology, and it makes them excited in learning English materials. Academic writing materials are complex because it involves expressing ideas carefully elaborated, and well-supported, logically sequenced, rigorously reasoned, and tightly stitched together. Powtoon is one of the solutions to make the materials more interesting and understandable for the students in academic writing class. This study aims to know the students’ perspectives and challenges about the use of Powtoon as digital learning media to improve writing skills. The subjects are 37 students in English Department in one of the state universities in Indonesia. The method is qualitative by using questionnaire, interview, and documentation. It is found that the students have positive perceptions (76.92%) on the use of Powtoon as digital learning media to improve writing skills. Hence, Powtoon is recommended as digital learning media to improve the students’ writing skills. However, the motion of the animation could distract student's concentration in understanding the materials. Apart from that, students still need to ask directly to the teacher if they have not really understood about the materials presented using Powtoon.
FRONT MATTER
Authors: Siregar Tongku N
Published: October 2023

FRONT MATTER
DINAMIKA OVARIUM SAPI ENDOMETRITIS YANG DITERAPI DENGAN GENTAMICINE, FLUMEQUINE DAN ANALOG PROSTAGLANDIN F2 ALPHA (PGF2α) SECARA INTRA UTERUS
Authors: Melia Juli , A Amrozi , ITA TumbelakaLigaya Ligaya
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas pengobatan endometritis dengan menggunakan kombinasi antibiotik (gentamicine,

flumequine) dan analog prostaglandin F2 alfa (PGF2α) berdasarkan pengamatan dinamika ovarium dengan metode ultrasonografi (USG). Enam

ekor sapi endometritis dibagi dalam 2 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok I (K1, n= 3) diterapi dengan 250 mg Gentamicine, 250 mg Flumequine,

dan 12,5 mg PGF2α secara intra-uterus. Kelompok II (K2, n= 3) diterapi menggunakan antibiotik dengan dosis dan cara pemberian yang sama

seperti pada Kelompok I. Hasil pengamatan terhadap sapi-sapi endometritis K1 dan K2 memperlihatkan rataan panjang siklus estrus selama 18

hari. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kelas folikel pada kedua kelompok perlakuan.

Folikel besar (DF) dan folikel besar kedua (SF) pada ke-3 gelombang folikel yang muncul tidak memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata antara K1

dan K2 (P>0,05), tetapi terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (P
5. Menstrual Hygiene Practice Among Female Adolescents In Boarding School
Authors: Kiftia Mariatul , Maulina Maulina , Rizkia Mira
Published: October 2023

Menstruation is a transition process from puberty to adulthood. This is the physiological process for female adolescents. The purpose of this study is to describe the female adolescent's menstrual hygiene practice. This is descriptive analysis research. There are 42 respondents were selected by purposive sampling methods. The results of this study show that the female adolescent's practices of personal hygiene during menstruation were good (30%). And the recommendations are expected that female adolescents have to maintain their hygiene especially for genitalia or reproductive organs. And do not use the genitalia’s cleansers or deodorizers to prevent the occurrence of the diseases and the health problems of the reproductive organ.
2. Evaluation of Halal Slaughter-Man And Human Resource Competency In Slaughterhouse Category II
Authors: Gaznur Zikri Maulina , Nuraini Henny , Priyanto Rudy
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance level of halal slaughter in slaughterhouse category II as center of excellent. The study was performed in October 2015 to February 2016. The evaluation of halal slaughter-man competency and human resources competencies were conducted by observation form according to Indonesian Competency Standard (SKKNI) No 196/2014 and Indonesian Republic’s Regulation of Health Ministry No 13/OT.140/2010 regarding Slaughterhouse rules and Meat Cutting Plant Unit. Data obtained was analyzed descriptively. The result of Halal slaughter-man competency had met the Indonesian Competency Standard (SKKNI) and human resources competencies also were around the Regulation of Agriculture Ministry No. 13/2010.
11. Diagnostic surra (Trypanosoma evansi) on Buffalo Slaughtered in Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar Slaughterhouses Based on Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosoma evansi (CATT)
Authors: Athaillah Farida , Amira Kartika , Fahrimal Yudha
Published: October 2023

This study aims to detect the presence of parasites indirectly by looking at antibodies to Trypanosoma evansi by using the method of Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosoma evansi (CATT). A total of 50 heads of buffaloes cut at Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar Slaughterhouses were taken blood for examination at the Parasitology and Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Syiah Kuala University. The principle of the CATT method is to look at the bonds between antibodies and antigens. Positive results are characterized by the formation of agglutination on the CATT paperboard. The score of agglutination reactions is divided into 5 categories, positive triple (+++) indicates agglutination is very strong, which means the possibility of newly infected animals, positive two (++) signifies strong agglutination, which means the animal may have been infected long enough, one (+) denotes moderate agglutination, meaning the animal has already been infected with T. evansi, dubious (±) denotes weak or dubious agglutination and, negative (-) signifies no agglutination. The results showed that from 50 samples examined, 14% (7/50) positive samples of agglutination were very strong, 24% (12/50) positive samples of strong agglutination, 48% (24/50) positive samples of moderate agglutination, and 0 negative samples T. evansi. The CATT method is very sensitive because 86% of the 50 buffaloes are tested positive or infected with T. evansi.
4. Haugh Unit Value, Yolk Index And Albumin Index Of Eggs In Farms, Distributors And Retails In Banda Aceh
Authors: Novita Andi , Edi Putri Alingga Savira , Azhari Azhari , Rastina Rastina , Bakri Muttaqien , Amiruddin Amiruddin , A Gani Fadli , Daud AK M
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the quality of eggs from Farm, distributors and retail stores. The sample used is 66 eggs with details taken randomly at the farm is 9 eggs, distributors is 27 eggs and retail stores is 30 eggs. The observed egg quality is the value of Haugh unit, Yolk Index and Albumin Index. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average Haugh value of egg units in farms, distributors and retail stores were 91, 72 and 7. The Yolk Index values for eggs in farms, distributors and retail stores were 0.45, 0.35. and 0.36. Meanwhile, the albumin index of eggs in farms, distributors and retail stores was 0.074, 0.050 and 0.046. Egg quality in farms, distributors and retail stores is in the category (grade) AA (HU value 72) and A (HU value 60-72). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the quality of eggs traded in Banda Aceh and its surroundings is very good (included in the AA and A grade categories).
2. Effect of the Addition of Palm Kernel and Ammoniated Lemongrass Waste (Cymbopogon Nardus) on the Quality of Fresh Semen of Thin Tailed Sheep as a Partial Replacement of Basal Feed
Authors: Khairi Fitrah , Dini Cut Islami , Novita Cut Intan , Ayuti Siti Rani
Published: October 2023

In this study, three sheep aged two years old with a bodyweight of 20-25 kg were used. The treatments consisted of R1 (10% palm kernel cake and ammoniated citronella waste), R2 (20% oil palm kernel cake and ammoniated citronella waste) and R3 (30% oil palm kernel cake and ammoniated citronella waste). Research design used was Latin Square Design with three treatments and three replications. The parameters of semen observed were macroscopic and microscopic quality which included color, odor, volume, consistency, pH, concentration, mass movement and individual motility. The results showed that the administration of palm kernel cake with concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% and ammoniated citronella waste had no significant effect (P0.05) on the quality of fresh thin-tailed sheep's semen both macroscopically and microscopically. The semen had an average volume of 0.62 ml, creamy in color, had a characteristic as semen odor, thick in consistency and has a normal pH of 6.89. Microscopically, it had average concentration of 1809x106/ml, average mass movement of ++, and  average individual motility of 57.57%. Based on the results, the administration of palm kernel cake and ammoniated citronella waste does not affect the quality of the fresh semen of thin-tailed sheep, both macroscopically and microscopically.
Obervation of Thymus Regression Time of ALPU chicken
Authors: Fadhilah Kamiliyatul , Erina Erina , Yaman M Aman
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to determine the number of lobes and thymus regression time of ALPU chickens. The samples were 76 ALPU chickens aged 1 – 19 weeks, consisted of 38 male and 38 female chickens. Two male and 2 female chickens were sacrificed every week and the thymus were collected and weighed. The results showed that the increase in thymus weight occurred in the age range of 1 – 15 weeks and reached the maximum weight at the age of 15 weeks. Thymus was decreased in weight at the age of 16 – 17 weeks. Thymus regressesion occurred at the age of 18-19 weeks. The thymus had 5-9 lobes. The result of T test on the average weight of ALPU chicken thymus showed that the weight of male ALPU chicken thymus of starter phase compared with grower phase was significantly different (p0.05), while the grower phase with finisher phase was not significant or there was no difference (p0,05). The result of T-test for weight of female ALPU thymus showed that the weight of thymus of starter phase compared to grower phase chickens was significantly different (p0.05), whereas grower phase with finisher result was not significantly difference (p0.05).Therefore, it was concluded that the number of thymus lobes of ALPU chickens are 5 - 9 lobes and the time of thymus regression of ALPU chicken occurs at the age of 18 - 19 weeks.
Handling Of Ilium, Os Femur Fractures And Sacroiliac Luxation In Cat
Authors: Olga Olga , Hambal Muhammad , Syafruddin Syafruddin
Published: October 2023

Bone fracture is a crack or break in the bone which results in loss of continuity in the bone. In this study, a persian male cat, weight 3.9 kg, aged 3 years old was unable to stand up and move both extremities caudalis (posterior). Anamnesis showed that the cat was hit by a car. The results of radiographic examination in the ventrodorsal position showed a fracture of the body of the illium, fracture of the femur and sacroiliac luxation. The action taken was open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) which was fixed with a bone plate recon 2.0 veterinary cuttable plate (VCP) 5 holes and a 2.0 mm:12 mm cortical self-tapping screw on fractured of the body of ilium bone, bone plate 2.0 veterinary cuttable plate (VCP) with 4 holes and 2.0 mm:14 mm cortical self-tapping screws on fractured femur bone, and fixation with 2.5 mm:16 mm cortical non-self-tapping screws on bones that had sacroiliac luxation. On the 3rd day after surgery, the patient's hind legs began to move, and one week after surgery, the patient was able to stand and walk slowly.
Resistance Testing of Salmonella sp. Isolated from Broiler Chicken against Antibiotics
Authors: Syafitri Martiana , Erina Erina , AK M Daud , Ferasyi Teuku Reza , Hamzah Abdullah , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Ismail Ismail
Published: October 2023

Antibiotic resistance has become a global problem, this happens because strains of bacteria in the body are resistant to antibiotics, one of which is caused by improper use.  This study aims to determine the resistance of Salmonella sp. isolated from broiler chickens to antibiotics. The method used for this study is the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The research samples were eight isolates from broiler chickens collected by the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala. This study used antibiotics amoxicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline. The data obtained are processed descriptively. The results showed five isolates (62.5%) showed multidrug resistance and very high levels of resistance to antibiotics from eight samples tested, namely tetracycline 87.5% (7/8), chloramphenicol 75% (6/8), amoxicillin 62.5% (5/8), and streptomycin 62.5% (5/8).   Antibiotics that are still sensitive are gentamicin 62.5% (5/8) and ciprofloxacin 50% (4/8).  Therefore, it can be concluded that Salmonella sp.  has been resistant to several types of antibiotics.
Innovative Solution to Stop the Flare at the Complex Gas Treatment Unit in Six Months. Case Study
Authors: Ablaev Anton , Ruban Konstantin , Zozulya Andrey
Published: October 2023

Due to the fact that about 150 billion m3 of associated petroleum gas is burned annually globally by oil and gas companies cause, it is not the main product and specialization for operators, a technology for disposing of flare equipment and using associated petroleum gas as an additional product of production was proposed on the basis of the existing enterprise.

Initially, the company's project involved burning part of the gas on flares, which led to environmental pollution and loss of product. Company evaluated the profitability and technical feasibility of a new project for the disposal of flares, which showed positive results.

As part of the project to switch from flaring of associated petroleum gas to its processing, design, selection and purchase of equipment was carried out, which led to the technical re-equipment of the existing enterprise. After the construction, implementation and launch of this technology, additional gas appeared in production, from which useful fractions were later isolated in the form of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Since the mineral extraction tax (MET) If the product was already paid, the resulting product was not subject to MET and excise taxes, which led to an increase in production profits. As a result of eliminating the waste of a valuable non-renewable resource due to flaring reduction and company received an additional production product, which was later completely processed and sent to the market.

During period of project 30 000 tons of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere was reduced, and in addition to the profit from the initial gas production, the company received additional profit from the production and sale of liquefied petroleum gas.
Enhancing Bioremediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil Using Rhamnolipids: A Combined Laboratory and Field Study
Authors: Ni Pan , Ren Yonglin Ginger , Brown Derick G. , Ayres Kris
Published: October 2023

Hydrocarbon spills can occur at various stages of the oil and gas exploration and production workflow. It would be beneficial to be able to treat these spills on-site to avoid more expensive excavation and incineration processes. This study aims to optimize the use of rhamnolipid biosurfactants for enhancing the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. The goal of this work was to explore the effects of rhamnolipid application on hydrocarbon degradation rate under both laboratory and field conditions, and to examine the effects of this treatment on the indigenous soil microorganism population. The results have demonstrated the potential for rhamnolipids to enhance the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils. The laboratory experiments showed that the application of rhamnolipids at above 0.5g/kg was effective in increasing bacteria activity in the soil. Knowledge from the lab tests was used to design the field experiments, and the respirometry results were combined with biological stoichiometric calculations to determine the appropriate nutrient loading for the field site. Lab tests are a critical prerequisite for understanding bioremediation mechanisms for a particular contaminated site and designing an effective field treatment program. The field results correlated with the laboratory respirometry results, and the field study confirmed that the application of rhamnolipid in combination with ammonium chloride as the nitrogen source was able to improve the overall health of the soil. Bacterial analysis demonstrated that addition of rhamnolipid enriched the soil in Pseudomonas and Serratia bacterial species, which are known hydrocarbon degraders. Additionally, these strains were shown to degrade rhamnolipid, and this affirms the beneficial aspect that applied rhamnolipid won't accumulate and persist in the environment. Overall, this work provides insight into the combination of laboratory and field studies when using rhamnolipids to enhance bioremediation of contaminated soils.
Restoration Technology Hand in Hand With Nature-Based Solutions: ADNOC's Drone Led Mangrove Restoration Project
Authors: AlRaisi A. A. , Al Hameedi S. , AlBuainain R. M. , Glavan J. , Rhodes C.
Published: October 2023

At the cutting edge of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) movement across the world, the utilization of drones for reforestation at a large scale puts the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as a pioneer not only in the Arabian Peninsula, but across the world. With only a handful of countries trying new mechanisms for aerial planting, and none at a large scale in the arid conditions of the Arabian Peninsula, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) has therefore been advancing science and this methodology. The objective of our project is to present the role of innovative technologies in supporting nature-based solutions through ADNOC's pilot project in utilizing drones for mangrove restoration along Abu Dhabi coast. ADNOC targets the plantation of 10 million mangroves by 2030. Those efforts support UAE's commitment of planting 100 million mangroves by 2030.

Drone habitat restoration projects support countries to meet the challenge of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) commitments, and UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) related targets amongst other ecological related commitments. This project is aligned align with and advance the below SDGs:
Quantifying CH4 and NO2 Emissions Using Satellite Measurements with Environmental Impact in Texas: A County-Wide Assessment for Oil & Gas Industry
Authors: Hungund Bilal , Nair Geetha , Rathore Pradyumna Singh
Published: October 2023

This study presents a comprehensive machine learning and data science approach to predict and quantify ground-level methane concentrations using high-resolution satellite data, climate data, and production data. Our study focuses on quantifying ground-level methane concentrations in the Permian Basin, within Texas state, from January 2022 to December 2022. The Machine Learning (ML) pipeline includes data pre-processing, feature selection, model training, and evaluation. The dataset comprises TROPOMI methane mixing ratios and nitrogen dioxide columns, ERA5 climate variables, ground-level methane measurements from towers, and oil and gas production data. This study leverages Random Forest, Gradient Boosting (Light and Extreme) models, with hyperparameter tuning to optimize their performance. The results indicate that Extreme Gradient Boost model outperforms the other models, exhibiting a superior fit with minimal errors and accuracy of 95%. We also conducted feature importance analysis that highlights the significant contributions of nitrogen dioxide, air temperature, and methane mixing ratios with gas well gas production for predicting ground-level measurements. Additionally, the study demonstrates the spatial variations of methane concentrations county-wise on a weekly basis, with Winkler County exhibiting notably higher levels compared to other counties, providing valuable insights for environmental decision-making. These findings contribute to informed decision-making and targeted mitigation strategies for reducing methane emissions in the region.
Improving Lateral Drilling Performance by Better Understanding Energy Transition and Downhole Dysfunctions Using in Bit High Frequency Sensors
Authors: Kouzaiha R. , Saidi C. , Rehman R. , Behiani I. , Al-Khaldi S. , Al-Rahbi S.
Published: October 2023

Oil field development have recently been connected with lateral drilling that enables higher exposition of reservoir formation and enhanced production. Lateral drilling brought new challenges of energy transfer especially when drilling with surface driven bottom hole assembly. Having a downhole, and at the bit measurement of the ratios of weight transfer is important to enhance drilling parameters and reduce lost energy and lost times in this drilling section.

Directional drilling recently has been mainly done with rotary steerable systems that are driven from the surface top drive with rotations and weight. In lateral drilling and due to the nature of the wellbore geometry, the energy from the surface is not transmitted to the drill bit due to high frictions between the drill string and the open-hole, cased hole, and the formation, along with the hole cleaning limitation due to the inclination at which the drilling is happening. Rotation, Weight, and Torque are a main limiter of the drilling rate of penetration of the section. Having in bit sensors enabled recording for the full length of the section to record bit motions and evaluate the rotation energy ratio transition, the strain sensor installed inside the bit enabled the calculation of the exact energy at the bit from both the weight and the torque.

Measuring at bit the weight, rotation, and torque at a high frequency rate enabled continuous sampling to help establishing an energy transfer ratio between the surface and real energy at the bit to enable the cutters to fail the rock and drill a certain rate of penetration. This information opened new limits to the lateral application drilling with several possible modifications in the inputted levels of energy in the system while measuring dysfunctions to reduce risks of damage to the downhole drilling assembly especially that this change in energy input was coupled with a change in downhole vibrations and system energy losses. Mechanical specific energy ratios along with dysfunction study at the bit helped building a new drilling road map, where with the same bottom hole assembly and drill bit reduced the lateral section drilling time by 22% compared to the previous average.

The new digitally enhanced drilling road map along with downhole measurements of energy at the bit have changed the drilling approach in the studied lateral section application to enable better energy transfer to the bit along with lower bit and drilling assembly vibrations to create more consistent performance with lower rates of failure and enhanced well construction time reducing the total cost and risk.
An Advanced Desalination System with an Innovative CO2 Power Cycle Integrated with Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Terracciano Orazio Alberto , Francesco Francesco De , Brizzi Rita , Annese Francesco , Doninelli Michele , Putelli Lorenza , Gelfi Marcello
Published: October 2023

The increase of CO2 emissions is causing critical consequences such as glacier melting and sea level rising; to reduce these effects, DeSolination project proposes an innovative power cycle for a desalination system where supercritical CO2 blends are targeted as the next generation of working fluids. This paper aims to provide an overview of the benefits of the whole project and to list the technical challenges faced and overcome in the design of turbomachinery.

Multiple aspects have been considered in the definition of the thermal cycle and of the working fluid: hazards, environmental impact and thermal stability of the fluid, compatibility with the materials of the equipment and cycle efficiency.

The needed turbomachinery for pure CO2 Rankine power cycle applications consists of a pump and an expander, coupled with a motor and a generator respectively: the cycle objective is to recover the heat of the primary cycle which exploits solar energy. The equipment will provide a controllable heat production and it can simulate various solar field heat productions, reproducing transient conditions.

The preliminary design phase of the thermal cycle and of the equipment evidenced conflicting requirements in the selection of the working fluid: after the study of the dopant effect on fluid properties, the most critical part of the analysis was to reach the desired hydraulic performance. CO2 blends allow an optimized integration of the power cycle to the desalination plant: the use of a dopant inside the blend makes it possible to operate with a pump instead of a compressor by increasing the critical temperature of CO2; therefore, by maintaining a minimum temperature of the liquid phase cycle compatible with the temperature of the hot source, the heat exchange can take place. The goal of making the cycle as efficient as possible led to the study of several CO2 dopants.

The material compatibility of the possible working fluids was discovered particularly critical for exposures at the maximum temperature of the cycle (550 °C), which is representative of the current CSP technology: the selection of the working fluid, therefore, has implied a trade-off between the material compatibility constraints and the maximization of the cycle efficiency. The dopant that showed the least overall corrosive interactions with tested materials was therefore selected for the DeSolination project.

The challenge of this project, whose first pilot plant will be launched in 2025, was to ensure competitive solutions on the market that develop high Concentrating Solar-thermal Power (CSP) energy efficiency (>42% at 550 °C) and high conversion efficiency from heat to fresh water, with a reduction in CO2 emissions per cubic meter of desalinated water up to 70% compared to existing desalination systems.