bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
598. Vecinos recuperando la memoria: la Cárcel de Carabanchel
Authors: González García Sergio Claudio
Published: June 2019

La Cárcel de Carabanchel estuvo presente en el barrio madrileño durante más de sesenta años hasta su derribo. En torno a su futuro se formularon diversas demandas vecinales que permitieron la recuperación de su memoria y la apropiación del lugar. La movilización social se enfrentó no sólo a la eliminación de una memoria colectiva sino también a una determinada forma de producir el espacio. El estudio del conflicto por su futuro que se analiza en este artículo busca evidenciar la relación entre la forma en la que el espacio público es construido y las memorias colectivas.
600. Escenarios de la memoria y el poder. La construcción del paisaje de El Valle de los Caídos
Authors: Madrazo García de Lomana Gonzalo , Saez Pombo Ester
Published: June 2019

Este trabajo se centra en tres aspectos relacionados con la construcción del paisaje en el Valle de los Caídos. Analiza el monumento en tanto que símbolo, en comparación con otros ejemplos nacionales e internacionales, atendiendo a la intencionalidad y a la memoria o desmemoria que muestra y esconde su diseño, así como a la incidencia que su uso a lo largo del tiempo ha tenido en su percepción. En segundo lugar, se atiende a las retóricas, en lo que hace a la elección del lugar y a los significados políticos reflejados en su entorno natural y construido. En tercer lugar, se detalla el proceso de creación de un paisaje alrededor del monumento, es decir la repoblación forestal de la finca de Cuelgamuros. Éste proceso de reforestación se contextualiza con las nociones de paisaje que se introducen en el discurso y las actuaciones de los ingenieros de montes durante esas décadas.
Potency of probiotics Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus casei to improve growth performance and business analysis in organic laying hens
Authors: Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita , Pribadi Teguh Bagus , Al Arif Anam , Soeharsono Soeharsono , Hidanah Sri , Harijani Nenny , Najwan Rifqy , Huda Khoirul , Wardhani Hana Cipka Pramuda , Rahman Nabil Fariz Noor , Yulianto Andreas Berny
Published: June 2019

Aim: This study aimed to determine the use of probiotics Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus casei as alternative antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) to improve growth performance and business analysis. Materials and Methods: This study used a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor was the time of administration (1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks) and the second was the use of probiotics (control without probiotics; 0.1% AGP and 0.5% Bifidobacterium spp. + 0.25% L. casei). One hundred and eighty laying hens (Lohmann strain), of 30 weeks old, were divided into 12 treatment groups, composed of five replicates, each consisting of three laying hens. Results: The results showed that using 0.5% Bifidobacterium spp. + 0.25% L. casei in weeks 1 and 2 showed the lowest feed intake (FI) (112.11-112.19 g/day), the highest egg weight (60.28 g) in the 1st week, the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (2.21-2.23), and highest feed efficiency (44.75-45.25%) for 3-4 weeks, and the highest hen-day production (86.66-86.90%) for 3-4 weeks and the most profitable business analysis (IDR. 30,353). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that the addition of 0.5% Bifidobacterium spp. + 25% L. casei probiotics can be used as a substitute for AGP; it can reduce the FI and FCR, increasing egg weight, feed efficiency, and hen-day production, as well as illustrating the results of the most profitable business analysis.
Mapping of Muslims’ Understandings on Gender Issues in Islam at Six Universities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Qibtiyah Alimatul
Published: June 2019

There is considerable disagreement among Muslims in how Islam says about many gender issues. One factor that influences the ways in which people understand gender issues in Islam and deal with the associated controversy is the approach they take when reading and interpreting Islamic texts. Some research has been done on the variety of thoughts on Islamic studies, but mapping thoughts comprehensively on gender issues not yet explored. This paper maps the Muslims’ understanding of six contentious gender issues in Islam into three approaches: textualist/conservative, semi-textualist/moderate, and contextualist/progressive approaches. I document the diversity of thought among feminist and non-feminist Muslim intellectuals on gender issues (in the light of their faith) using documentation and in-depth interview techniques. 25 respondents (male and female) from six universities in Yogyakarta were selected in this research. Textualist/conservative and contextualist/progressive scholars show the most strongly contrasting views on gender issues in Islam. Semi-textualist/moderates present their views relatively flexibly: sometimes their views match those of the textualist/conservatives: sometimes they align closely with the contextualist/progressives. Based on their views and the arguments they present, semi-textualist/moderates’ and contextualist/progressives’ views seem close to the stance adopted by many Islamic Feminist. [Masih terdapat perbedaan pendapat antar umat Islam memahami isu gender. Salah satu faktor berpengaruh dalam pemahaman isu gender pada Islam adalah hal kontroversial dalam pendekatan pembacaan dan penafsiran teks agama. Beberapa penelitian telah mengkaji keragaman dalam pemikiran keislaman, namun pemetaan pemikiran secara komprehensif mengenai isu gender belum banyak. Tulisan ini memetakan pemahaman para feminis tentang enam isu gender dalam Islam di tiga kelompok (1) tekstual – konservatif, (2) semi tektual – moderat, dan (3) kontekstual – progresif. Artikel ini mengambil lapangan di 6 universitas Yogyakarta dengan wawancara lebih dari 25 informan laki – laki dan perempuan baik feminis dan non feminis. Kelompok tektualis dan kelompok kontekstual merupakan dua kelompok yang saling bertentangan dan kelompok semi tekstual lebih pada fleksibel. Terkadang pandangan ke tiga kelompok bergeser saling mendekat dan menjauh. Berdasarkan pandangan dan argumentasi ke tiga kelompok tersebut, semi tektual dan kontekstual menggambarkan kecondongan lebih banyak pada adopsi feminis muslim].
Livelihood Transformations of the Orang Rimba as Tacit Resistance in the Context of Deforestation
Authors: Prasetijo Adi
Published: June 2019

The Orang Rimba are one of the hunter-gatherer groups remaining in Sumatra. Their livelihoods are based on managing the forest in which they live. They follow the tradition of natural resource management that is based on non-wood forest products (Ø. Sandbukt, 1988). State policies that focus on economic development since the New Order regime have ultimately affected their lives. Many forest areas and the territories in which they practice nomadism are being converted into plantations, agricultural land, and residential development, which all contribute to the condition of deforestation. State policy also does not favor the Indigenous people. If we look at spatial development in Jambi over the past 25 years, the allocation of land for other uses, such as residences, estates, and physical development, has shown little regard for the indigenous people who live in the forest region. Orang Rimba have no area left in which to roam and continue their lives as traditional hunters and gatherers. Cut off from their cultural roots, they cannot any longer live in accordance with their culture and tradition. As a group, they suffer both physical and socio-cultural displacement. Orang Rimba react to this situation in different ways to transform their livelihoods into a survival mode in order to face the everyday reality of accelerated deforestation. Under these new circumstances, Orang Rimba livelihoods can be  regarded as ‘tacit resistance’ or, to use James Scott’s term, a ‘hidden transcript’ of the weapons of the weak(Scott, 1985). They use a variety of ways to make a living, both economic and sociocultural. NGOs also have a prominent role to support the Orang Rimba. NGOs assist the Orang Rimba to put themselves in a position parallel to other communities.  This paper will look at the impact of Jambi spatial policies that have been unfavorable to Indigenous People and how the Orang Rimba respond to them
Menguak Budaya dalam Karya Sastra: Antara Kajian Sastra dan Budaya
Authors: Purnomo Mulyo Hadi
Published: June 2019

The study of Literature and Cultural studies has a touch because both focus on the "text" of the culture. Thus, the textual approach becomes one of the methods in both research. Aspects of cultural relation and power that exist in pop culture are the driving factors of their contact. Articulation representation becomes an important issue between the two.
Persepsi Seks Dua Wanita Beda Budaya: Perbandingan dalam “Pengakuan Pariyem” dan “Malam Yang Keramat”
Authors: Purnomo Mulyo Hadi
Published: June 2019

Sexual encouragement is a natural gift brought by humans from birth and becomes universal in its expression. Cultural and psychological backgrounds that can make manifestations of encouragement are different. Sex and one's self-perception determine a person's status as female-female. This article is about to reveal differently: Javanese and Arabic in two novels of Pariyem Recognition and Sacred Night through a comparative literary approach. Pariyem, the main character in Pengakuan Pariyem, was originally born as a woman. However, his bitter and sweet experience with Kliwon caused him to be trapped in female status. New womanhood reappeared when she was feeling happy to conceive a baby from her relationship with Den Bagus Ario Atmojo. His dream of becoming a woman is felt to be realized through his son who carries the blood of priyayi descendants. In Zahra, the main character in Malam yang Keramat, the lie of being a man whose father forced him for twenty years, caused psychological imbalance. Therefore, he volunteered to be present as a female who always obeyed sexual satisfaction. Precisely with that pleasure, he found his true sex.
Bissu: Keistimewaan Gender dalam Tradisi Bugis
Authors: Suliyati Titiek
Published: June 2019

As one of many ethnics in Indonesian, Bugis ethnic posses much uniqness compared to other Indonesian ethnics. Bissu  as one of Bugis traditions is gender spisification that does not exist either in man or woman. Indonesian society generally acknowledge man and woman gender. This is different from gender qualification in Bugis society. In Bugis society gender  has five categories: Oroane is man either  physically or its role in every day live; makkunrai is a woman either  physically or its nature as woman; calalai is a woman behaves as a man; calabai is a man behaves  as a woman. Bissu is a group does not belong to the four above genders. The  performance of Bissu is very special because of its costume. This group wear neither man  or woman costumes.Traditional Bugis society consider  Bissu as combination of the four above gender. Not all Calalai or Calabai can become a Bissu. Being a Bissu is gods gift. Bugis society respect higly to Bissu, because Bissu has knowledge about tradition, family root, social life,  traditional  mystical cure and the life of gods. Bissu is able to communicate with the deaths and gods. Because Bisu is considered  as a holy creature, they have an exlusive life. At present, the number  and activities of Bissu is decreasing  because of the changing of the   government sytem: from monarchy to republic,  the DI/TII rebellion in 1950, that wanted to abolish Bissu existence due to the abuse of Islamic law.
Konsep Pengembangan Kampung Batik Durenan Indah Suatu Pendekatan Antropologi Terapan
Authors: Hendro Eko Punto
Published: June 2019

Kampung Batik Durenan Indah Batik is a gathering place for batik artisans, which number around 20 people who are members of four companies. Recently batik artisans participated in the provincial level industry of craft competition because they had previously won the city level race. The approach used in research is applied anthropology, with observation and in-depth interviews. On a more modern entrepreneurial scale, they are still at the beginner level, because they have not used a professional business management system. However, the spirit of the craftsmen is quite high, it requires assistance and direction from the government and other related partie
Sungai dan Identitas Melayu di Sumatera Timur pada Abad XX
Authors: Sumarno Edi , Karina Nina , Ginting Junita Setiana , Handoko Handoko
Published: June 2019

In the 20th century, the transformation of identity into Malay in East Sumatra occurred in a pattern similar to that in other regions. This transformation of identity was closely related to the river as a means of transportation at that time. Through rivers, the rural communities carried commodities to be traded at the downstream, where Malay population dominantly lived there. This pattern then formed the upstream communities such as Karo, Toba, Simalungun and Mandailing to settle downstream and become Malays. However, in the mid-20th, the Malay identity began to be abandoned due to a bloody event. This incident made the residents who grew as Malays use their clan again.
Pengaruh Customer Relationship Management Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan TV Kabel di Kecamatan Tembalang Melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Pada PT. MNC Sky Vision-Indovision Semarang)
Authors: Zahro Nurul Ulfa , Prabawani Bulan
Published: June 2019

PT. Euro Management Indonesia have some low level performance of employees such as not good in giving directives or guidance or work orders, some work space is not adequate, and the achievement of quality and quantity targets that have not maximized. It is allegedly due to the existence of interpersonal communication and work environment employees are still considered not good. The aims of this study to determine how the influence that given by interpersonal communication and work environment to the performance of employees of PT. Euro Management Indonesia. Type of this research is explanatory research, with 50 respondents of samples. Used questionnaire as data collecting with Likert measurement scale. In the data analysis method used is test of validity and reliability, correlation coefficient (R), regression test, coefficient of determination (R2), significance of t test and F test by using SPSS 20.0. The results of this research shows that interpersonal communication and work environment severally has significant, strong and positive influence toward employee performance. Two variables has been tested gradually or even together show that interpersonal communication (0,682) and work environment (0,678) simultaneously have strong relation with employee performance. The amount of contribution value (R2) by interpersonal communication is greater than work environment, coefficient of determination value (R2) for interpersonal communication is 46,5% and work environment is 46%.
Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Job Insecurity Terhadap Turnover Intention Pada Buruh di Kabupaten Kudus (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Pura Barutama Unit Offset Divisi Produksi)
Authors: Ayuningtyas Farizka , Nugraha Hari Susanta
Published: June 2019

Human resources is an important factor in the company as it can support the achievement of goals in the company. Hence, the company must maintain human resources in order not to leave the company and find work in other companies. So to suppress human resources especially laborers out of the company (turn over intention) the company should pay attention to the factors that support turnover intention, including compensation and job insecurity factors. This study aims to determine the effect of compensation and job insecurity on turnover intention in the case study at PT. Pura Barutama Unit Offset Production Division. This type of research using explanatory research and sampling technique using a non-probability sampling technique with purposive sampling method, data collection technique using the questionnaire method. Thenumber of samples used in this study as many as 100 respondents. This research uses quantitative and qualitative analysis with validity test, reliability test, correlation coefficient, the coefficient of determination, simple regression and multiple tests, and significance of T and F test. The results of this study indicate that the compensation and job insecurity variables have a strong influence on turnover intention variables. The compensation variable has a strong influence as well as the direction of a negative relationship to the turnover intention variable. While job insecurity variables have a very strong influence and have a positive relationship direction to the variable turnover intention.
Pengaruh Peran Ganda, Stres Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Perempuan
Authors: Iswari Rina Indra , Pradhanawati Ari
Published: June 2019

The work force in indonesia along the development of the changes. One of the amendments that is an influx of women in the work force. PT Phapros Tbk is one of the companies in Semarang have female employees who in 2013 until 2016 an up and down in attendance or absentee fluctuant. Both are permitted employee performance can be seen from the dual role, job stress and motivation work.The purpose of this research is to find influence the dual role, job stress and motivation work on performance female employees in PT Phapros Tbk Semarang City. Type research is explanatory research, to technique data collection through the questionnaire and interview. The sample techniques used technique purposive sampling. Sample 100 respondents were is an employee women PT. Phapros Tbk Semarang. This data analyzed using regression analysis. This research result indicates that there was a correlation in the category of strong between variables the dual role, job stress, and motivation work of the performance of employees. Variable free third was proven have a positive influence and significantly to employee performance. The researchers suggest PT Phapros tbk. to be able to create a pleasant working environment, manage stress well, pay attention to the quality and quantity of results of work of employees.Angkatan kerja di Indonesia seiring dengan perkembangan perubahan. Salah satu amandemen tersebut adalah masuknya perempuan dalam angkatan kerja. PT Phapros Tbk adalah salah satu perusahaan di Semarang yang memiliki karyawan wanita yang pada tahun 2013 hingga 2016 tingkat kehadiran atau absen mengalami fluktuasi. Kinerja karyawan dapat dilihat dari peran ganda, stres kerja dan motivasi kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh peran ganda, stres kerja dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan wanita di PT. Phapros Tbk Kota Semarang. Tipe penelitian adalah penelitian eksplanatori, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui angket dan wawancara. Teknik sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel 100 responden adalah karyawan wanita PT. Phapros Tbk Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi kuat antara variabel peran ganda, stres kerja, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Variabel bebas ketiga terbukti memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Peneliti menyarankan PT Phapros tbk. untuk dapat menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang menyenangkan, mengelola stres dengan baik, memperhatikan kualitas dan kuantitas hasil kerja karyawan.
Pengaruh Saluran Distribusi dan Promosi Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran (Studi Kasus Pada UKM Furniture Kota Semarang)
Authors: Nurseto Sendhang
Published: June 2019

Realization of production every year on average only reaches 90 % of the target. The problems in this research are: a) How does the Infuence of Distribution Channels to Marketing Performance?; b) How does the Infuence of Promotion to Marketing Performance?; c) How does the Infuence of Distribution Channels and Promotion to Marketing Performance simultaneously? Results from this study are, there is an influences of distribution channels for marketing performance, with 5,751 t value and significance 0.000 < 0.005. There is an influence of promotion on the performance of the marketing campaign with 8,631 t value and significance 0.000 <0.005. There is the influence of distribution channels and promotion simultaneously on marketing performance with F count 38.788 and significance 0.000 <0.005. However, according to the researchers there are some things that could be improved. Among other things need to improve is the convenience for the customer visiting the store. Promotion is done by entrepreneurs pretty good, But it would be better if employers follow the exhibition events held in major cities on a regular basis.Realisasi produksi setiap tahun rata-rata hanya mencapai 90% dari target. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah: a) Bagaimana Pengaruh Saluran Distribusi terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran?; b) Bagaimana Pengaruh Promosi terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran?; c) Bagaimana Pengaruh Saluran Distribusi dan Promosi terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran secara bersamaan?. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah, terdapat pengaruh saluran distribusi terhadap kinerja pemasaran, dengan nilai t 5,751 dan signifikansi 0,000 <0,005. Ada pengaruh promosi terhadap kinerja kampanye pemasaran dengan nilai t 8,631 dan signifikansi 0,000 <0,005. Ada pengaruh saluran distribusi dan promosi secara simultan terhadap kinerja pemasaran dengan F hitung 38,788 dan signifikansi 0,000 <0,005. Namun, menurut para peneliti ada beberapa hal yang bisa diperbaiki. Di antara hal lain yang perlu ditingkatkan adalah kenyamanan bagi pelanggan yang mengunjungi toko. Promosi yang dilakukan oleh pengusaha cukup baik, tetapi akan lebih baik jika pengusaha mengikuti acara pameran yang diadakan di kota-kota besar secara rutin.
Evaluation of Quality of Life in Terms of Sinonasal Symptoms in Children with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Hassanzad Maryam , Derakhshan Kourosh Fakhimi , Ghaffaripour Hosseinali , Naeini Ali Safavi , Emami Habib , Velayati Ali Akbar
Published: June 2019

Objective

Sinusitis is a common complaint in children with cystic fibrosis. However, the actual prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis and its effect on the quality of life of children have not been well considered. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of sinonasal quality of life in children with cystic fibrosis.

Materials and methods

This study was a diagnostic study performed on 80 children with cystic fibrosis ranging from 2 to 20 years old, who were referred to the cystic fibrosis clinic of Masih Daneshvari Hospital from 2017–2018. The questionnaires used in this study were chronic rhinosinusitis screening questionnaire based on the European task force and the evaluation of the sinonasal quality of life was based on the SN-5 survey.

Results

Of the 80 patients with fibrosis from 2 to 20 years old who were recruited in the study, 41 patients were female (51.3%) and 39 were male (48.8%). In 61 cases (76.3%), there was no chronic rhinosinusitis and 19 cases (23.8%) had chronic rhinosinusitis. The mean SN-5 score in 19 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis was 3.4105 and the mean score of patients without rhinosinusitis was 1.8426, with a P-value of 0.000. The mean SN-5 score was significant between the two groups. In patients with nasal congestion, there was a significant difference in quality of life factors such as sinus infection, nasal obstruction, and allergy symptoms (P<0.001). In patients with facial pain, there was a significant difference in quality of life factors such as sinus infection, nasal obstruction, allergic symptoms, and physical activity limitation (P <0.001). There was also a significant difference in the quality of life factors such as sinus infection, nasal obstruction, and allergy symptoms in patients with postnasal drip (P <0.001).

Conclusion

In children with cystic fibrosis, the quality of life of sinonasal has a significant relationship with absence of chronic rhinosinusitis. This study showed that children with chronic renosinusitis have significantly lower quality of sinonasal life than children with chronic rhinosinusitis. The results demonstrated that quality of life scores in sinus infections, nasal obstruction, and allergy symptoms were significantly higher in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis than in those without chronic rhinosinusitis. The findings of this study are important for improving children’s health related quality of life, as it leads to promoting communication between the patient and the health care provider, identifying overlooked problems, monitoring the progress of the disease and the burden of treatment, and promoting interventions in the daily life of patients.
Effect of Anode Gas Diffussion Layer Thickness and Porosity on the Performance of Passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Authors: Boni Muralikrishna , Srinivasa Rao S , Naga Srinivasulu G , Narayana Ch Venkata
Published: June 2019

Fuel cells are finding wide range of applications from small capacity cells used for portable electronic devices to large capacity stacks for automobile applications. Among the different types of fuel cells, passive Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) has many advantages because of its simplicity. This paper presents the effect of Anode Diffusion Layer (ADL) thickness and its porosity on the performance of a passive DMFC. A one-dimensional, non-isothermal model is developed in MATLAB environment for exploring the complex physicochemical phenomena taking place inside the passive DMFC, by considering both heat and mass transfer effects. Modeling studies have been carried out by varying the ADL thickness from 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm, and the ADL porosity from 0.3 to 0.8. The concentration distribution of methanol, water and oxygen inside the cell have been predicted and, the crossover of methanol and water across the membrane have also been estimated. It is observed that increase in thickness of the ADL decreases the methanol corss over. Further, the effect of ADL thickness and porosity on the anodic overpotential and cathodic overpotential have been estimated. It was observed that increase in ADL thickness as well as its porosity increase the overpotentials.
Extended Mittag-Leffler function and associated fractional calculus operators
Authors: Choi Junesang , Parmar Rakesh K. , Chopra Purnima
Published: June 2019

Motivated mainly by certain interesting recent extensions of the generalized hypergeometric function [H. M. Srivastava, A. Çetinkaya and I. Onur Kıymaz,
A certain generalized Pochhammer symbol and its applications to hypergeometric functions,
Appl. Math. Comput. 226 2014, 484–491] by means of the generalized Pochhammer symbol, we introduce here a new extension of the generalized Mittag-Leffler function.
We then systematically investigate several properties of the extended Mittag-Leffler function including some basic properties, Mellin, Euler-Beta, Laplace and Whittaker transforms.
Furthermore, certain properties of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives associated with the extended Mittag-Leffler function are also investigated. Some interesting special cases of our main results are pointed out.
Economy 4.0 – Digitalisation and Its Effect on Wage Inequality
Authors: Mönnig Anke , Maier Tobias , Zika Gerd
Published: June 2019

This paper contributes to the discussion of the impact of digital transformation on labour markets by analysing the impact on wage inequality.

The novelty of this paper is on the one hand the quantitative approach that applies a macroeconometric input-output model which accounts for circular flow in the economy and feedback loops. Most of the studies on wage inequality and digital transformation focus on ex-post analysis. The applied quantitative model used in this paper also allows to perform ex-ante analysis. This is important, as economy 4.0 is not yet reflected in current datasets which makes statements about the impact of economy 4.0 on wage inequality on basis of ex-post analysis difficult.

On the other hand, it uses the inequality measures S80/S20 that has been applied to a unique dataset on employment and wages. The dataset differentiates on industry and occupational level. That allows to identify industry*occupation combination and their location in the upper and/or lower 20 % share ratio of wage distribution. The analysis demonstrates that digital transformation increases wage inequality, however to a low extent. The increase in wage inequality is already implemented in the reference scenario due to structural and demographic change. Digital transformation strengthens the impact of structural change on wage inequality. Especially in the long run, wage inequality rises stronger than in the reference scenario.

Because the digital transformation scenario does not confirm the polarization hypothesis, the impact of economy 4.0 on wage inequality remains rather low. The increasing demand of high-skilled employees is reflected in an increase in wage inequality. However, the relatively low impact of digitalisation on low-skilled employees prevents a stronger increase in wage inequality.
The Impact of Investments in New Digital Technologies on Wages – Worker-Level Evidence from Germany
Authors: Genz Sabrina , Janser Markus , Lehmer Florian
Published: June 2019

The strong rise of digitalization, automation, machine learning and other related new digital technologies has led to an intense debate about their societal impacts. The transitions of occupations and the effects on labor demand and workers’ wages are still open questions. Research projects dealing with this issue often face a lack of data on the usage of new digital technologies. This paper uses a novel linked employer–employee data set that contains detailed information on establishments’ technological upgrading between 2011 and 2016, a recent period of rapid technological progress. Furthermore, we are the first to develop a digital tools index based on the German expert database BERUFENET. The new index contains detailed information on the work equipment that is used by workers. Hence, we observe the degree of digitalization on both the establishment level and the worker level. The data allow us to investigate the impact of technology investments on the wage growth of employees within establishments. Overall, the results from individual level fixed effects estimates suggest that investments in new digital technologies at the establishment level positively affect the wages of the establishments’ workers. Sector-specific results show that investments in new digital technologies increase wages in knowledge intensive production establishments and non-knowledge intensive services. The wage growth effects of employees indigital pioneerestablishments relative to the specific reference group of workers indigital latecomerestablishments are most pronounced for low- and medium-skilled workers.
The Sources of Knowledge for China’s Economic Development
Authors: Xiqing Zhu
Published: June 2019

The lack of knowledge, both technological and institutional, has been and continues to be, China’s main constraint during its transition from a planned economy to a market economy. Using illustrative examples, this article identifies two main sources of knowledge. The Shenzhen model opens a platform to acquire knowledge from abroad; the Wenzhou model reveals mechanisms by which knowledge is created internally. The two models represent different ways of regional experimentation, a unique method for knowledge creation and diffusion during China’s economic transition.
Deposits of iron oxides in the humanglobus pallidus
Authors: Svobodová Helena , Hlinková Jana , Janega Pavol , Kosnáč Daniel , Filová Barbora , Miglierini Marcel , Dlháň Ľubor , Ehrlich Hermann , Valigura Dušan , Boča Roman , Polák Štefan , Nagy Štefan , Kopáni Martin
Published: June 2019

Samples taken from the human brain (Globus Pallidus) have been investigated by physical techniques such as light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy and SQUID magnetometry. SEM-EDX/TEM investigation reveals multielemental composition of hematite and magnetite nanocrystals with sizes ranging from 40 nm to 100 nm and hematite microcrystals from 3 μm to 7 μm. Room temperature Mössbauer spectra show quadrupole doublets assigning to hematite and ferrihydrite. SQUID measurements of temperature dependence of the mass magnetic susceptibility betweenT= 2 – 300 K at DC fieldB0= 0.1 T, the field dependence of the mass magnetization taken at the fixed temperatureT0= 2.0 and 4.6 K and the zero-field cooled and field cooled magnetization experiments (ZFCM/FCM) confirm a presence of ferrimagnetic phases such as maghemite and/or magnetite with hysteresis loops surviving until the room temperature. Differences between these measurements from the point of view of iron oxides detected can indicate important processes in human brain and interactions between ferritin as a physiological source of iron and surrounding environment.
UV sensing optode for composite materials environment monitoring
Authors: Miluski P. , Kochanowicz M. , Zmojda J. , Silva A.P. , Reis P.N.B. , Ragin T. , Dorosz D.
Published: June 2019

The polymeric optical fibre technology can be successfully used for UV spectrum range radiation measurements.Anew type of fluorescent optical fibre optode is presented. The used fluorescent wave-shifter was used for UV-VIS conversion and radiation measurements. The linear characteristic with sensitivity 480 mW−1is presented for UV range 7.2-13.6 mW. Presented optode construction advantages (small dimensions, low weight, high immunity to electromagnetic fields and distributed sensor architecture possibility) are attractive for numerous composite based engineering applications.
Hydrogen Chemisorption on Doubly Vanadium Doped Aluminum Clusters
Authors: Vanbuel Jan , Fernández Eva M , Jia Mei-ye , Ferrari Piero , Schöllkopf Wieland , Balbás Luis C , Nguyen Minh Tho , Fielicke André , Janssens Ewald
Published: June 2019

The interaction of hydrogen with doubly vanadium doped aluminum clusters, Al
n
V2
+ (n = 1–12), is studied experimentally by time-of-flight mass spectrometry and infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy. The hydrogen binding geometry is inferred from comparison with infrared spectra predicted by density functional theory and shows that for the more reactive clusters the hydrogen adsorbs dissociatively. Three sizes, n = 4, 5 and 7, are remarkably unreactive compared to the other clusters. For larger sizes the reactivity decreases, a behavior that is similar to that of singly vanadium doped aluminum clusters, and that might be attributed to geometric and/or electronic shielding of the dopants. By examining the electronic structure of Al6V2
+ and Al7V2
+, interactions between the frontier orbitals of the clusters and those of H2 that explain the size-dependent reactivity are identified.
Fatigue Performance of Polyamide 12 Additively Manufactured Structures Designed with Topology Optimization
Authors: Henry Todd C. , Johnson Terrence E. , Haynes Robert A. , Tran Albert
Published: June 2019

Additive manufacturing technologies can produce structures with complex geometry, generally as time goes on at higher levels of quality and repeatability. Complex geometry is attractive because it allows for mass redistribution to structural regions where stress is highest, which is comparatively advantageous to solid section designs. Additively manufactured structures, however, are sensitive to stress concentrations either from geometry or defects reducing the overall strength and fatigue performance. It is, therefore, important to address stress concentrations from a design perspective, formulating a process that ensures fatigue performance. A topology optimization process is presented for designing a beam subjected to three-point loading with objectives to reduce structural volume/mass while representing the expected fatigue life as a function of the stress. The design process produced structures with between 28 and 67 % of the original volume of material for a given volumetric constraint with material redistributed to reduce stress concentrations. Two designs were fabricated of polyamide 12 using selective laser sintering and tested mechanically to failure under quasistatic and cyclic fatigue loading. Experimentally, digital image correlation was used to observe the onset of failure and strain response in the structure, which showed that vertical members typically failed by buckling and material yielding. Load, displacement, cycles to failure, and heat generation were measured during fatigue loading, capturing significant viscoelastic self-heating and plasticity behavior in the vertical structural members.
Structure and Properties of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel Melted by the Laser Beam
Authors: Górka Jacek , Opiela Marek
Published: June 2019

In this article, examinations were presented of laser beam remelting of microalloyed high-strength low-alloy steel—28MnTiNbVB (UTS = 1,600 MPa), 12 mm thick. The remelting process was carried out with variable linear energy in the range from 0.6 to 2.6 kJ/cm. The examinations have shown that remelted zones have a correct geometry but also include gas pores that could be caused by very high cooling rates, resulting in the hindering of gas evacuation from remelted zones. These gas pores are caused by trapping gases dissolved in metal or vaporizing alloying elements. Remelted zone is martensitic with a lath structure and a hardness up to 600 HV10. Laths are smaller, and smaller precipitations are more tightly packed relative to parent material. The examination results show that steel 28MnTiNbVB exhibits limited weldability.
PROSES PARAMETRELERİ VE ÇÖZELTİ ÖZELLİKLERİNİN KOAKSİYAL ELEKTROPÜSKÜRTME YÖNTEMİ İLE ELDE EDİLEN NANOPARTİKÜLLERİN MORFOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ALTAN METE Aylin , ATAY Elif
Published: June 2019

Elektropüskürtme yöntemi, gıda uygulamaları için nano
ölçekli partiküllerin üretilmesini sağlayan bir enkapsülasyon yöntemidir.
Proses parametreleri ve çözelti özelliklerinin değiştirilmesiyle farklı
morfolojilere sahip nanopartiküller elde edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, çörek
otu yağı koaksiyal elektropüskürtme yöntemi kullanılarak enkapsüle edilmiştir.
Proses parametreleri (kabuk çözelti akış hızı, uygulanan voltaj, iğne ile
toplayıcı arasındaki mesafe) ile çözelti özelliklerinin (çözgen, kabuk ve
çekirdek çözelti konsantrasyonu, yüzey aktif madde) elde edilen partiküllerin
morfolojik yapıları üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmadan
elde edilen sonuçlar, kabuk çözelti konsantrasyonu, uygulanan voltaj ve iğne
ile toplayıcı arasındaki mesafe değişimlerinin partikül morfolojisi üzerinde
önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Nanopartiküller, zein
konsantrasyonu %17.5 (a/h)’dan %21 (a/h)’e arttırıldığında küreselliğini
kaybetmiştir. İğne ile toplayıcı arasındaki mesafenin 10 cm’den 13.5 cm’e ve
uygulanan voltajın 14 kV’dan 15 kV’a artması küresel ve homojen partiküllerin
üretilmesini sağlamıştır. Koaksiyal elektropüskürtme yöntemi ile elde edilen
partiküllerin çekirdek-kabuk yapısı konfokal mikroskop görüntüsü ile
doğrulanmıştır.
Formation of Particles in Welding Fume Plasmas: Numerical Modeling and Experiment
Authors: Vishnyakov V. I. , Kiro S. A. , Oprya M. V. , Chursina O. D. , Ennan A. A.
Published: June 2019

Formation of particles in a fume plasma obtained from the gas metal arc welding is investigated by the numerical modeling of the plasma evolution. The model of welding fume plasma evolution includes the following processes: vapor emission from the arc zone and mixing with a shielding gas, plasma formation, nucleation, nucleus growth via the material condensation and coalescence, solidification of liquid droplets into primary particles, and coagulation of primary particles into inhalable particles in the breathing zone. The computed results are compared with experimental data on the specific surface area, chemical composition, and dependence of the particle sizes on the shielding gas temperature.
Influence of a Capping Ligand on the Band Gap and Excitonic Levels in Colloidal Solutions and Films of ZnSe Quantum Dots
Authors: Bondar N. V. , Brodyn M. S. , Tverdokhlibova O. V. , Matveevskaya N. A. , Beynik T. G.
Published: June 2019

Semiconductor quantum dots are promising nanostructures for their application in solar cells of the 3rd generation, photodetectors, light emitting diodes, and as biological markers. However, the issue concerning the influence of superficial organic stabilizers (ligands) on the energy of excitons in quantum dots still remains open. In this work, by analyzing the optical spectra of colloidal solutions and films of ZnSe quantum dots stabilized with 1-thioglycerol, it is found that the energy of excitons and their migration depend not only on the quantum confinement effect, but also on the superficial contribution from the thiol stabilizer group –SH. The dependence of the exciton energy in ZnSe quantum dots on the surface stabilizer concentration is experimentally revealed for the first time. The short size of the stabilizer molecular chain and the large initial energy of excitons are shown to result in the effective migration of excitons over an array of quantum dots.
Optical and Electrical Properties of Tb–ZnO/SiO2 Structure in the Infrared Spectral Interval
Authors: Melnichuk O. V. , Melnichuk L. Yu. , Korsunska N. O. , Khomenkova L. Yu. , Venger Ye. F.
Published: June 2019

Optical and electrophysical properties of terbium-doped zinc oxide films have been studied, by using the external reflection IR spectroscopy. The films were deposited onto silicon oxide substrates with the help of the magnetron sputtering method. A theoretical analysis of the reflection spectra of the ZnO/SiO2 structure is carried out in the framework of a multioscillatory model in the spectral interval 50–1500 cm−1 and for the electrical field orientation perpendicular to the c-axis (E⊥C). The method of dispersion analysis is applied to determine the optical and electrical properties of ZnO films, as well as the oscillator strengths and damping coefficients in the ZnO film and the SiO2 substrate. The influences of the phonon and plasmon-phonon subsystems in the ZnO film on the shape of IR reflection spectra registered from the Tb–ZnO/SiO2 structure are elucidated.
Ellipsometric Diagnostics of a Transient Surface Layer in Optical Glass
Authors: Makarenko O. V. , Poperenko L. V. , Zavalistyi O. I. , Yampolskiy A. L.
Published: June 2019

Optical properties of a transient layer with a broken structure that arises at the surface of optical glass at its treatment have been considered. Rather often, the surface of optical elements is considered to be perfect, although the actual inhomogeneous surface structure can have a significant effect for precision physical experiments or novel technological problems. Furthermore, the simulation of the surface layer structure and the corresponding optical characteristics, as well as the study of a possibility to determine those parameters from the results of optical researches, is also of theoretical interest, which is demonstrated in this work. Ellipsometric measurements of optical glass specimens with a broken surface layer are carried out. When modeling the angular dependences of the ellipsometric parameters tan ф and cos б, the near-surface specimen region is considered as a stack of 500 thin layers, and the matrix method of light reflection in this structure with regard for the interference phenomenon is used in calculations. Five models are tested for the optical profile of a nonuniform layer, whose parameters are fitted to achieve the minimum of the target function describing the discrepancy between the calculated and measured data. It is found that the theoretical models describe the optical properties of the specimens more accurately, if they make allowance for the inhomogeneous surface layer. Nevertheless, the solution of the inverse ellipsometric problem turns out ambiguous, so that additional measurements are required for the final choice of a model that would be adequate to the actual morphological structure of the broken layer to be made. However, the key advantage of the applied method consists in that it allows a direct registration of the optical response of the system.
Maria Theresia und die Zensur
Authors: Bachleitner Norbert
Published: June 2019

Im Jahr 1751 führte Maria Theresia als Teil ihrer Reformen erstmals die systematische Zensur im Habsburger Reich ein. Eine Kommission, bestehend aus ihrem Leibarzt Gerard van Swieten und anderen Gelehrten überprüften sämtliche Manuskripte, die aus dem Ausland kamen. Verbotene Bücher wurden in einem Index geführt (Catalogus librorum prohibitorum), der bis zu ihrem Ableben, 1780, regelmäßig publiziert wurde. Die Zensur war eher tolerant und versuchte im Sinne einer moderaten Aufklärung zu agieren. Kritik an der katholischen Religion war jedoch unmöglich. Aristokraten, Gelehrte und Mitglieder der höheren Bourgeoisie bekamen die Erlaubnis, verbotene Bücher zu lesen, die Zensur anerkannte und befürwortete nämlich die Akzeptanz gesellschaftlicher Unterschiede. Auch wenn man unter Maria Theresia von einer toleranten Zensur sprechen kann, so war sie doch strenger als unter Joseph II., ihrem Sohn. Die meisten der verbotenen Bücher erschienen auf Deutsch, aber mehr als ein Drittel der Werke war auf Französisch geschrieben worden. Auch lateinische Bücher wurden in großer Zahl verboten. Der am häufigsten verbotene Autor war Voltaire und unter den top-ten der verbotenen Franzosen finden wir Namen wie d’Argens, Rétif de la Bretonne, Crébillon fils, sowie Repräsentanten der aufklärerischen Philosophie, wie Friedrich II., Rousseau und Georg Friedrich Meier.
The Salvation Army, “Pentecostals” and “Evangelicals”
Authors: Weirich Johanna
Published: June 2019

Scholarship usually studies The Salvation Army (SA) under the rubric “Evangelicalism.” In the southernmost region of India SA leaders and members are currently facing diverse challenges which induce them to reconsider their identity pursuing the topics of social commitment, caste and spirituality. This is carried out by approximation to or demarcation from growing “Pentecostal” movements. This process shows striking parallels to debates on the international level of the SA, where identity markers and core features are also continuously discussed. However, on global level this happens with a focus on “Evangelical” churches. The paper analyses how “Pentecostal” and “Evangelical” are used to constitute what the SA stands for in different contexts. Contrary to large part of scholarship, it does not treat these terms as if they had fixed meanings but regards them as identity markers.  Using the example of current debates in the SA, it demonstrates that what is named as “Pentecostal” or “Evangelical” is are not fixed descriptors of essential characteristics but names that emerge in different local contexts tied into and constantly influenced and modified by global debates.
The Language Zone
Authors: Dostal Hannah , Wolbers Kimberly , Kilpatrick Jennifer
Published: June 2019

Interactive Writing (IW) is a powerful support for language and literacy development; however, its emphasis on using oral language to construct written language can present challenges for deaf/Deaf and hard of hearing (d/Dhh) students due to their unique and diverse language experiences. Teachers (n = 14) using Strategic and Interactive Writing Instruction (SIWI) with grade 3–5 d/Dhh students in a variety of settings were observed using a space referred to as ‘the language zone’ to address the unique language and literacy needs of d/Dhh students.  The language zone is the designated space in a classroom where the creation, translation and revision of ideas is made visible.  Researchers developed a flowchart with three tiers to document the three purposes for which the teachers use the space.  Accompanying scenarios provide concrete examples of three distinct ways in which the language zone can be used.  Teachers can use this language zone flow chart as a tool to recognize, analyze and select instructional moves that have the potential to positively impact the language and literacy proficiencies of d/Dhh students.
 
 
 
 
 

Acknowledgments: The research reported here was supported by the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, through Grant R324A120085 to the University of Tennessee. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the Institute or the U.S. Department of Education.