bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poplar wood treated with nano-silver–copper particles: fungal degradation and leaching analysis
Authors: Wang Xiwei , Yi Tengfei , Luo Hongxue , Qi Yanran , Yao Fengbiao , Liu Yiliang , Li Yongfeng
Published: March 2024

This study investigated the inhibition effect of nanoscale silver–copper particle (20 nm) against Coriolus versicolor and Gloeophyllum
trabeum. Poplar wood samples (Populus L.) were vacuum-impregnated using aqueous nano-AgCu solutions at concentrations of 0.01 %, 0.02 %, 0.03 %, 0.05 %, 0.075 %, and 0.1 %. Alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ, 0.1 %), boric acid (0.2 %) and untreated control group (CK) were employed for comparisons. Decay resistance and leachability were studied. The anti-fungi effects were compared between nano-AgCu, nano-Ag, Ag+ (silver nitrate), Cu2+ (copper nitrate), and a composite of Ag+–Cu2+. Nano-AgCu particle exhibited effective resistance to fungi after 12 weeks of exposure. The threshold retention of the nano-AgCu against C. versicolor and G. trabeum on poplar wood was 0.19 kg m−3 and 0.62 kg m−3, respectively. The silver–copper nanoparticles demonstrated excellent leach resistance, and the inhibition effect was retained after leaching. The nano-AgCu particle provided better antifungal effects than single ions or metal nanoparticles. This study illustrates the potential of using nano-AgCu particle as an efficient wood preservative compared to commercial water-soluble preservatives.
Sprache als Erinnerungsort der Kultur: Die Bedeutung von Wortfeldern für das Sprachverständnis
Authors: Klatt Gunnar , Qi Dongdong
Published: March 2024

Dieser Artikel behandelt das Thema Kultur und Wortfelder. An Stelle der realen Welt stellt jede Sprache eine halb fiktive Version von Dingen dar. Sprache schafft ihre eigene Sicht auf die Welt. Dies führt zu unterschiedlichen Wortfeldern für jede Sprache. Wortfelder aus dem Chinesischen und Deutschen werden hier als Erinnerungsorte mit ihrem kulturellen und historischen Hintergrund dargestellt. Auf dieser Grundlage wird die Bedeutung von Wortfeldern im Kulturkontext für das Sprachverständnis und die Sprachvermittlung aufgezeigt.
Unravelling Power of the Unseen: Towards an Interdisciplinary Synthesis of Generative AI Regulation
Authors: Cheng Le , Liu Xiuli
Published: March 2024

The regulations of generative AI, typified by ChatGPT and Sora, have become one of the most influential alternative technological imaginaries. Developed by states and civil society groups, such regulations are triggering a broad range of social actors seeking to nominalize the AI-related behavior. Against this backdrop, this study starts with interrogating the semiotic character of generative AI. Do these regulations support the AI futures, or do they involve a mere change in the social actors who benefit from the technological status quo? To answer this question, this study examines the rhetoric and realization of AI regulations by the European Union and the United States. The findings reveal a degree of AI regulatory alignment between the European Union and the United States, but these two jurisdictions also highlight and predict some structural challenges. Drawing upon the concept of panopticism by Foucault, the study explores the foundational origins of challenges by dissecting the (in)visibility of AI power. It underscores the necessity of regulating the power of the unseen and proposes a synthetic generative AI regulatory framework. We finally conclude that the integrity of sociosemiotics and panopticism provides a productive and paramount framework for understanding the powerful new capacities of AI-related regulations.
Almost compactness in neutrosophic topological spaces
Authors: Dey Sudeep , Ray Gautam Chandra
Published: March 2024

The aim of this write-up is to investigate some covering properties in neutrosophic topological spaces. We define proximate cover, almost compactness, almost countable compactness and almost Lindelöfness in connection with neutrosophic topological spaces and study some properties entangled with them.
Adaptive neural network surrogate model for solving the nonlinear elastic inverse problem via Bayesian inference
Authors: Huo Fuchang , Zhang Kai , Gao Yu , Li Jingzhi
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we consider a Bayesian method for nonlinear elastic inverse problems.
As a working model, we are interested in the inverse problem of restoring elastic properties from measured tissue displacement.
In order to reduce the computational cost, we will use the following multi-fidelity model approach. First, we construct a surrogate low-fidelity DNNs-based model in the prior distribution, then use a certain number of simulations of high fidelity model associated with an adaptive strategy online to update the low-fidelity model locally. Numerical examples show that the proposed method can solve nonlinear elastic inverse problems efficiently and accurately.
Computing the determinant of a signed graph
Authors: Alshamary Bader , Stanić Zoran
Published: March 2024

A signed graph is a simple graph in which every edge has a positive or negative sign. In this article, we employ several algebraic techniques to compute the determinant of a signed graph in terms of the spectrum of a vertex-deleted subgraph. Particular cases, including vertex-deleted subgraphs without repeated eigenvalues or singular vertex-deleted subgraphs are considered. As applications, an algorithm for the determinant of a signed graph with pendant edges is established, the determinant of a bicyclic graph and the determinant of a chain graph are computed. In the end, the uniqueness of the polynomial reconstruction for chain graphs is proved.
Automation of visual communication and aesthetic construction of national image: a computational aesthetic analysis of social bots on Twitter
Authors: Huang Yangkun , Chen Changfeng
Published: March 2024

Vision and aesthetics are inseparable dimensions of national image building. Based on 106,562 China-related images from Twitter (renamed as X), this paper introduced a computational aesthetic approach to investigate the visual communication activities of social bots on Twitter and compared the similarities and differences between human and bot accounts’ posted images so as to explore the influence of social bots’ aesthetic strategies. The results show that social bots have displayed different aesthetic strategies in the construction of the China-related visual frame, and formed obvious stylistic differences with humans in brightness, saturation, color, etc. Negative binomial regression indicates that the aesthetic strategies of social bots contribute to more likes and shares. The automation of visual communication and aesthetic construction not only makes the global building and communication of national image face new situations and challenges, but also pushes the whole human visual aesthetic, creation, and communication activities under the potential subjectivity crisis.
Candomblé in Public: How Religious Rites Become Civil Technologies in Salvador, Brazil
Authors: de Paula Leandro
Published: March 2024

In 2019, right before arriving in Salvador, Brazil, to develop missionary activities, an international Protestant organization declared that this city – the center of the black culture in the country – was “known for its people’s belief in spirits and demons.” The statement soon triggered indignation from activists and devotees of Candomblé, the Afro-Brazilian religion that is a key element of the city’s history and identity. This article analyzes the transformation of this case into a public problem, which demanded different forms of reparation and affirmation of religious differences. The text debates the extension of Candomblé's semiotic community in Salvador and how the circulation of its symbols in different social contexts furthers the dissolution of boundaries between “religion” and “politics.” I pursue such ideas by describing a form of civil protest that moves liturgical forms from the Candomblé temples to public spaces. Such civil protest technology engages music, dance, and a set of materialities, presenting an instructive performance of the constitution of “religion” and the “public” in a post-colonial landscape.
The Brain’s Topographical Organization Shapes Dynamic Interaction Patterns That Support Flexible Behavior Based on Rules and Long-Term Knowledge
Authors: Wang Xiuyi , Krieger-Redwood Katya , Lyu Baihan , Lowndes Rebecca , Wu Guowei , Souter Nicholas E. , Wang Xiaokang , Kong Ru , Shafiei Golia , Bernhardt Boris C. , Cui Zaixu , Smallwood Jonathan , Du Yi , Jefferies Elizabeth
Published: March 2024

Adaptive behavior relies both on specific rules that vary across situations and stable long-term knowledge gained from experience. The frontoparietal control network (FPCN) is implicated in the brain's ability to balance these different influences on action. Here, we investigate how the topographical organization of the cortex supports behavioral flexibility within the FPCN. Functional properties of this network might reflect its juxtaposition between the dorsal attention network (DAN) and the default mode network (DMN), two large-scale systems implicated in top-down attention and memory-guided cognition, respectively. Our study tests whether subnetworks of FPCN are topographically proximal to the DAN and the DMN, respectively, and how these topographical differences relate to functional differences: the proximity of each subnetwork is anticipated to play a pivotal role in generating distinct cognitive modes relevant to working memory and long-term memory. We show that FPCN subsystems share multiple anatomical and functional similarities with their neighboring systems (DAN and DMN) and that this topographical architecture supports distinct interaction patterns that give rise to different patterns of functional behavior. The FPCN acts as a unified system when long-term knowledge supports behavior but becomes segregated into discrete subsystems with different patterns of interaction when long-term memory is less relevant. In this way, our study suggests that the topographical organization of the FPCN and the connections it forms with distant regions of cortex are important influences on how this system supports flexible behavior.
Aktualny stan przygotowań do Soboru Panprawosłanego
Authors: Pańkowski Jerzy
Published: March 2024

The article begins from explanation of the meaning (from the point of view of the Orthodox Church) of the word „catholic” as one of the ontological attributes of the Church. Than the author presents the examples of the different kinds of meetings of Church hierarchs on the highest level and its titles/names.Than the article gives a short presentation of the initiative and history of the convene of Pan-Orthodox Council. The idea of that kind of meeting was born in the beginning of XX century on Ecumenical Patriarchate.The preparation to the Pan-Orthodox Council lasts many years and contains of many different kind of meetings. meetings of the special commission that consists of representatives of each autocephaly Orthodox Church concentrate on the different topics. During last meetings several important topics were discussed, as: Orthodox Diaspora, autonomy and the methods of its granting, autocephaly and the methods of its granting and Diptychs. The author, who took part in some of these meeting, explains the positions of the various Churches in these matters as well as shares his opinions on them.In conclusion the author presents the opinion that despite many different problems on the way to prepare the Pan-Orthodox Council, this idea can be realized even in the near future.
Eksperimen Pembuatan Roll Cake dari Tepung Kedelai Putih dengan Substitusi Tepung Maizena
Authors: Pratiwi Maya Dewi , Santosa Hanna Lestari
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian yang berjudul roll cake dari tepung kedelai putih dengan substitusi tepung maizena adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas roll cake dari tepung kedelai putih substitusi tepung maizena dengan perbandingan persentase 75%:25%, 65%:35%, dan 55%:45% dilihat dari aspek inderawi yaitu warna bagian luar, warna bagian dalam, aroma, tekstur dan rasa, untuk mengetahui kandungan protein dan serat kasar dari roll cake hasil eksperimen dan untuk mengetahui kesukaan masyarakat terhadap roll cake hasil eksperimen. Dari hasil perhitungan anava klasifikasi tunggal menunjukkan ada perbedaan kualitas roll cake dari tepung kedelai putih dengan substitusi tepung maizena dilihat dari aspek inderawi yaitu warna bagian luar, warna bagian dalam, aroma, tekstur dan rasa. Hasil uji kimiawi menunjukkan sampel A memiliki kandungan protein 12,88% dan serat kasar 11,29%, sampel B kandungan protein 11,86% dan serat kasar 10,96%, dan sampel C kandungan protein 11,46% dan serat kasar 10,62%. Hasil uji kesukaan masyarakat sampel C memperoleh persentase tertinggi yaitu 97,44% yang termasuk dalam kriteria sangat suka.
Pengaruh antara Pengetahuan dan Sikap Gizi Siswa dengan Pola Konsumsi Jajan Siswa di SD Negeri 08 Brebes
Authors: Fauziyah Atika Nur , Astuti Pudji , Fathonah Siti
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian: 1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara pengetahuan gizi dengan pola konsumsi jajan siswa; 2) untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara sikap gizi dengan pola konsumsi jajan siswa”; 3) untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara pengetahuan dan sikap gizi dengan pola konsumsi jajan siswa; 4) untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh antara pengetahuan dan sikap gizi dengan pola konsumsi jajan siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 35 siswa kelas 5. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survei menggunakan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase, uji korelasi product moment, uji regresi sederhana, uji regresi berganda, sumbangan relatif dan sumbangan efektif. Hasil: 1) tidak ada pengaruh antara pengetahuan gizi terhadap pola konsumsi jajan; 2) tidak ada pengaruh antara sikap gizi terhadap pola konsumsi jajan ; 3) tidak ada pengaruh antara pengetahuan dan sikap gizi terhadap pola konsumsi jajan; 4) besarnya pengaruh tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap gizi terhadap pola konsumsi jajan adalah 4,4%. Saran: 1) siswa diharapkan dapat menerapkan pengtahuan gizi yang dimiliki dengan lebih memperhatikan pola konsumsi jajan; 2) melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi status pola konsumsi jajan siswa.
Blended Learning Using PhET and Props to Improve Students Concept Understanding
Authors: Benta Monika Grasiana , Wiyanto Wiyanto
Published: March 2024

This study aims to improve students' understanding of concepts for high school class X on topic of Work and Energy. This research is a quantitative research, a type of experimental research, namely Tru Experimental Design. The research design used pre-post test experiment design. Instruments used in research using assessment of students' concept understanding. The results of the study of  concept understanding using the Blended Learning model are 0.69 and Conventional is 0.64 which both use PhET media and teaching aids. Blended Learning is slightly higher. The effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning between Blended Learning classes shows the average result of understanding student concepts is 84.08 and conventional classes show the average result of understanding student concepts is 82.11. The independent t-test analysis was -1.02 and the significant 2-tailed was 0.31, while the 0.05 study alpa showed 0.300.05. Significant results show that Blended Learning classes are more effective than conventional classes.
The Correlation of Muscle Mass and Fat with Leg Power of 16 Senior Highschool Basketball Athlete
Authors: Helmi Mohamad Farhan , Setiakarnawijaya Yasep , Kuswahyudi Kuswahyudi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to explore the relationship between muscle mass and fat with lower limb power in high school basketball athletes from SMA N 16 Jakarta. The survey method was employed, involving measurement and data analysis using a quantitative correlational approach. The results of the study indicate a significant relationship between muscle mass and fat with lower limb power in athletes. These findings contribute significantly to understanding how body composition, particularly muscle mass and fat, can influence overall body strength, especially in the lower limbs. The conclusion of this research confirms the existence of a relationship between muscle mass, fat, and lower limb power in high school basketball athletes. Thus, the research objective to evaluate this relationship is achieved. Practical implications of this study include an enhanced understanding of athlete body quality. However, it is important to note that factors beyond muscle mass and fat, such as environmental conditions, physical health, and psychological aspects, can also impact muscle strength.
Saving the Generations to Come from the Short Videos
Authors: Hoffman Kelley
Published: March 2024

An abundance of problems can result from excessive screen time, especially when short videos on social media platforms are viewed. These problems include diminished social skills, anxiousness, and tension, as well as a shorter attention span. To protect our youth from the potential negative consequences of excessive short video viewing, we can encourage outdoor activities, face-to-face interaction, the development of critical thinking skills in interpreting media messages, the establishment of parental controls, and the imposition of time limits on screen usage. For the betterment of future generations, it is critical that educators, parents, legislators, and technology corporations collaborate to educate and empower individuals to make informed decisions regarding their media consumption habits.
Performance evaluation of 3D-printed ABS and carbon fiber-reinforced ABS polymeric spur gears
Authors: Karupaiah Vigneshwaran , Narayanan Venkateshwaran , Nagarajan Rajini , Ismail Sikiru O. , Mohammad Faruq , Al-Lohedan Hamad A. , Krishnan Kumar
Published: March 2024

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer and carbon fiber reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (CF/ABS) spur gears were 3D-printed using fusion deposition modeling (FDM) with different fillet radii of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mm. The performance of the fabricated gears was studied with the effect of fillet radius on varying load and speed conditions. The thermal properties of the gears were also investigated. The results indicated that 3D-printed CF/ABS spur gear exhibited better performance than the pure ABS. The 3D-printed CF/ABS gear with fillet radius of 0.25 mm recorded the highest wear and thermal stresses. However, the optimum performance was exhibited by the gear sample with highest fillet radius of 0.75 mm. Repeated gear tooth loading during service caused an increase in gear temperature due to the hysteresis and friction. Using optical microscopy, the tooth structures of both 3D-printed ABS and CF/ABS spur gears were analyzed before and after loading conditions to establish their failure mechanism. Evidently, various applications of the FDM 3D-printed spur gears depend on their different performances under loads and operating speeds. The methods and findings of this work can be regarded as helpful for future related work related to cellulosic reinforcing particles in a polymer matrix.
Industrial hemp hurd processing for microcrystalline cellulose production and its usage as a filler in paper
Authors: Yurtayeva Larisa V. , Alashkevich Yuri D. , Kaplyov Eugene V. , Slizikova Elena A. , Marchenko Roman A.
Published: March 2024

This article substantiates the possibilities of replacing commercial wood with raw materials made from industrial hemp hurd (hemp-woody core) for the production of unbleached and bleached paper pulps. A comparative analysis of the mechanical characteristics of sheets of paper prepared in the Rapid-Köthen apparatus and obtained from pulp obtained from commercial wood and hemp-woody core (HWC) was undertaken. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of mechanical refining of a pulp on the production of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from HWC. It was shown that an increase in the pulp refining degree from 15 °SR to 83 °SR led to a decrease in the degree of polymerisation of MCC from 272 to 75, the hydrochloric acid concentration from 73 to 45.63 g/L, and the hydrolysis time from 120 min to 60 min. With the addition of 5% MCC obtained from hemp-woody core, the mechanical properties of laboratory paper sheets from HWC were improved until they met ISO 12625-4-2017 (2017) requirements for NS-2. The results obtained support using hemp-woody core for the production of MCC.
A Review of Kraft Pulp Deresination and Pitch Problems
Authors:   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Björklund Jansson Marianne , Back Ernst L. ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Tufvesson Mats I. ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory
Published: March 2024

Knowledge on the oleophilic, resinous, extractives of wood with their relevance to pulping, paper making and paper properties is summarized. The main physical and chemical features of the two types of wood resin – the one in resin canals and the one in parenchymatous cells, mainly within the rays – are reviewed in respect to the above mentioned theme. These features are also analyzed with special reference to alkaline deresination and pitch problems. Difficulties in washing out resin after kraft pulping due to the effects of ionic strength and Ca-ions are discussed as well as deresination in bleaching operations. Present pitch problems in paper making and control measures are reviewed. Effects of wood resin on paper properties e.g. deposits in laser printers and smell or taste in board for liquid containers are discussed.
The Time-Dependent Change in Zeta Potential of Particles with Cationic Polymer
Authors:   Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University, Tanaka Hiroo
Published: March 2024

According to Smoluchowski’s and Komagata’s theory, the electroosmotic and electrophoretic velocities vary with the depth of cell such that the distribution of velocities must be represented by a symmetrical parabola. However, in practical measurements of the electrophoretic velocities of sedimentary particles such as pulp fines and fillers, the distribution curve of velocities was found to be asymmetrical about the cell center. Thus use of the conventional method often gives rise to a serious error. The reasons for this are discussed and an improved method is proposed. The time-dependent changes in zeta potentials (ZP) of clay and monodispersed polystyrene latex with added polyethyleneimine (PEI) or cationic polyacrylamide were investigated by the improved method. For instance, the ZP of clay, which was -42 mV originally, became +9 mV just after addition of PEI at a level of 0.1 % on clay, decreased rapidly at an initial stage, became -13 mV after 1 hr and finally reached -17mV. The rate of change in ZP varied widely with the degree of agitation, the addition level of polymer, the molecular weight and so on. The highest difference between initial and final ZP we have obtained hitherto is over 50mV. These phenomena must be closely related to the conformational change of polymers sorbed on solid surface and will offer important and fundamental information on how to use polymer additives in papermaking.
Estallido social en Puno. Entre la crisis política y el reconocimiento etnocultural
Authors: Vera Vera Eland
Published: March 2024

The essay describes and reflects on the Peruvian social outburst (2003), having the Puno region as place of reference. An historical setting of the Peruvian Andes where the cultural cradles of the indigenous Quechua and Aymara peoples merge. During the 2021 presidential elections, the citizens of Puno supported the candidacy of Pedro Castillo, finding once again the opportunity of a national government that would recognize and value their cultural space, as well as execute changes aimed at offering opportunities for the wellbeing of Andean populations. The presidential ousting of Castillo and president Boluarte subsequent decision of not calling for new elections lead to an outburst.  The demonstrations in the south of the country were violently repressed by security forces. Puno became the region with the highest number of victims of the repression. As shown throughout national history, rejection to the protests of Andean citizen manifests in discriminatory actions by the State and other sectors of society.
Posibles relaciones filogenéticas basadas en la morfología del hueso calcáneo ovino (Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Parés-Casanova Pere M. , Lloveras Lluís , Rissech Carmen , Davis Simon
Published: March 2024

En el ovino, hay una relación de la masa de los músculos crurales con la mayor o menor aptitud a la marcha, a su vez quizás relacionada con las proporciones corporales, por lo que podrían darse diferencias funcionales entre razas, a tenor de aptitudes motoras diferentes. El hueso calcáneo representa la base de inserción de los músculos crurales responsables en parte de la marcha. Para corroborar esta hipótesis, se obtuvieron imágenes digitales de 28 calcáneos de ovejas domésticas de cuatro razas de la Península Ibérica: Churra, Merina, Merino preto y Merino branca. Las imágenes se analizaron mediante técnicas de morfometría geométrica a partir de 20 hitos anatómicos (puntos óseos). Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre razas, tanto para la forma como para el tamaño, siendo mayor en los merinos. Se deduce que la conformación del calcáneo refleja el área entésica variable según el mayor o menor desarrollo de los músculos crurales. Se considera que estas diferencias entre razas son debidas mayormente a una cuestión de conformación corporal más que de capacidad dinamógena.
Caracterización ultrasonográfica de los órganos abdominales y pélvicos del oso perezoso de dos dedos (Choloepus hoffmanni) criados en cautiverio
Authors: Salgado N. Sergio , Grandez R. Ricardo , Muñoz D. Karina , Hermoza G. Catalina
Published: March 2024

Adult specimens of Choloepus hoffmanni, 14 females and 5 males, bred in captivity, in apparent good health, were used to perform an ultrasound evaluation of the abdominal and pelvic organs using the ESAOTE MyLab One Vet ultrasound scanner with SC3123 convex transducer, 9-4 MHz. The results indicate that the ultrasound characteristics and dimensions of the abdominal organs of C. hoffmanni are very similar to those observed in the tamandua and other companion animals of similar size; however, it differs from other species in that the liver has less echogenicity than the kidney, the stomach is large, and the testicles are located intra-pelvically; and the fullness of the stomach and urinary bladder can affect the topographic location and visualization of other abdominal organs.
Características textiles y longitud de fibra al descerdado en vellón de vicuña
Authors: Pinares Rubén , Lozano Franklin , Machaca Virgilio
Published: March 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la variación de las características textiles y longitud de fibra al descerdado manual del vellón de vicuña, así como evaluar la influencia del sexo, edad, sitio de muestreo del vellón, y lugar de procedencia de la vicuña sobre las características de calidad de la fibra. El descerdado manual se realizó en 77 muestras de vicuñas provenientes de tres provincias del departamento de Apurímac, Perú. Las características textiles de la fibra antes y después del descerdado fueron evaluadas usando el equipo OFDA 2000 y mediante el análisis de varianza, prueba de t y Tukey (α=0.05). La calidad de fibras descerdada es superior a la fibra no descerdada, debido a la reducción del diámetro medio de fibra (DMF) (-1.68 μm), desviación estándar de DMF (DE) (-0.73) y finura al hilado (FH) (-1.27 μm) y al incremento del porcentaje de fibras <30 µm (FC) (1.12%) y de la curvatura media (CU) (6.75°/mm). En fibra descerdada los juveniles tienen un DMF más fino (12.24 μm) que las adultas (13.01 μm), el DMF del costillar medio es más fino (12.39 μm) respecto a paleta (12.81 μm) y grupa (12.77 μm). Asimismo, se encontró variación de las características textiles (DE, CV, FC, y CU) y longitud de fibra entre los vellones de las tres provincias de Apurímac. En conclusión, el descerdado manual reduce el diámetro medio de fibra y su desviación estándar, y aumenta la curvatura media y el confort de la fibra, mejorando las propiedades de calidad y uniformidad del hilo.
Tenencia de animales de compañía y conocimiento de zoonosis en Bambamarca (Cajamarca, Perú)
Authors: Plasencia T. Cristhy , León C. Daphne , Falcón P. Néstor
Published: March 2024

El estudio tuvo como objetivo describir la tenencia de animales de compañía y los conocimientos de zoonosis entre pobladores en el distrito de Bambamarca – Cajamarca, Perú, en 2022. Se realizaron 394 encuestas, siendo 30.5% en la zona urbana (Bambamarca ciudad) y 69.5% en la zona rural (Llaucán, San Juan de Lacamaca, Chala y El Tuco). De los encuestados, 54.8% fueron mujeres, 20.8% contaban con secundaria completa y la edad promedio fue de 39.9 años. El 58.4 y 35.5% de entrevistados aseguraron poseer perros y gatos, respectivamente. La relación persona: perro fue 4:1 y persona: gato de 6.7: 1. El 45.2% de poseedores de canes lo criaban como mascota y el 45% de poseedores de gatos los criaban como controladores de plaga de roedores. El 67.9% de los perros fueron machos y 50.5% de los gatos fueron hembras. La tasa de animales esterilizados fue menor al 4% en ambas especies. En caso de los perros, 54.1% paseaban sin restricción y 31.7% de los gatos se clasificaron como “outdoor”. El 50.3% de tenedores de perros y 69.5% de tenedores de gatos mencionaron realizar desparasitaciones internas, y 45 y 61.5%, respectivamente, desparasitaban externamente de manera regular (al menos cada 3 meses). El 58% de perros y el 12.8% de gatos fueron reportados como vacunados contra la rabia el último año. El desconocimiento del significado del término zoonosis alcanzó al 95.4% de los encuestados; sin embargo, el 90.4% afirmó conocer que los animales podrían transmitir enfermedades a las personas, siendo la más reconocida la rabia (69.8%). Se concluye que es necesario desarrollar campañas de educación sanitaria a fin de que los propietarios de animales de compañía desarrollen una tenencia responsable y evitar de esta forma impactos negativos sobre la salud pública y el bienestar animal.
Reconocimiento Inclusivo: una herramienta para la mejora e innovación en docencia
Authors: Rivera Jonathan , Jara María Francisca , Vásquez Andrea
Published: March 2024

El Reconocimiento Inclusivo es un instrumento creado entre la Dirección de Inclusión y el Centro de Desarrollo Docente de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Su objetivo es identificar elementos centrales que promueven la equidad y diversidad en los cursos impartidos en la institución. Para su diseño se revisó literatura y documentación institucional, se definieron las principales dimensiones, se realizó una validación con expertos y se definieron las subdimensiones a consi- derar junto a las definiciones de cada una de ellas. El instrumento se configuró como una rúbrica de autoevaluación, cuyos resultados permiten que asesores de las unidades mencionadas orienten y apoyen hacia la mejora. El avance en los niveles de logro de las subdimensiones conlleva a la obtención del Reconocimiento. Durante el segundo semestre 2022, fecha en que parte su implementación, se ha otorgado el reconocimiento a ocho docentes quienes pudieron implementar estrategias promotoras de la inclusión en sus cursos.
Las Comunidades de Aprendizaje como Metodología para el Desarrollo del Programa de Vinculación con el Medio “Recuperación Alimentaria” de una Carrera de Nutrición de Dietética Chilena
Authors: Rodríguez Palleres Ximena , Pino Astorga Carolina
Published: March 2024

La Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética de una Universidad Chilena en el marco de la asignatura de “Innovación en la Industria de Alimentos” implementa el Programa de Vinculación con el Medio (VcM) “Recuperación Alimentaria”. En el primer semestre del 2022 los docentes de la carrera utilizaron el modelo de Comunidades de Aprendizaje para vincular el Laboratorio de Innovación y Sustentabilidad Alimentaria en la asignatura y abordar con los estudiantes el desafío de utilización de excedentes alimentarios para la creación de un prototipo alimentario. La presentación de los prototipos alimentarios de llevó a cabo en la I Feria de Innovación Alimentaria realizada en el Mercado Mayorista Lo Valledor. El proyecto de VcM mediado por las Comunidades de Aprendizaje creó un espacio de discusión entre los docentes generando redes de trabajo colaborativo y planificación de las actividades a ejecutar durante el semestre, de igual manera puso en práctica esta innovación educativa en el proceso de enseñanza de los estudiantes.
Female Agency and Scandal: Doña Josefa de Angulo in 17th-Century Mexico City
Authors: Curcio-Nagy Linda A.
Published: March 2024

Este ensayo se examina la vida de Doña Josefa de Angulo a través de un análisis de un caso inquisitorial del año 1661. Josefa, casada con un hombre mucho mayor, Juan de Vilches quien la depositó en el Recogimiento de la Magdalena, se mostraba un esfuerzo concentrado en vivir su vida por sí misma, rechazando las expectativas para una criolla casada y acomodada. Ella dramáticamente alteró la vida cotidiana en el recogimiento y provocó una serie de sucesos escandalosas las cuales se involucraban los empleados de la dicha institución, el arzobispo y su personal, sus hijastros, los inquisidores, y su confesor Miguel de Palmares, lo cual le acusó de solicitación en el confesionario. Ella desafiaba las normas sobre el matrimonio, la supuesta sumisión femenina a la autoridad masculina, y el mismo propósito del recogimiento. Su historia se ilumina la complicada relación entre el control social de género y la idea del escándalo en la capital virreinal.
Sexo, poder y espiritualidad en un monasterio femenino colonial. Las monjas de la Encarnación, Popayán, siglo XVII
Authors: Abadía Quintero Carolina , Rodríguez Jiménez Pablo
Published: March 2024

Pocos hechos podían provocar mayor escándalo en la sociedad colonial que los rumores sobre las conductas pecaminosas de las monjas de clausura. Porque, contrario a lo que pueda pensarse, hubo monjas que, de múltiples formas y en diversos claustros en Indias, lideraron actos de indisciplina, desobedecieron a obispos y jueces, y tuvieron relaciones ilícitas como desafío a la autoridad masculina y a los votos religiosos profesados. Este es el caso de las monjas agustinas del convento de Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación de Popayán, quienes fueron acusadas de diversos actos de sacrilegio contra sí y contra el claustro, provocando una tensión evidente entre estamentos, un intento de asesinato en la persona del obispo, y la ejecución en patíbulo de un extranjero. Los interrogatorios y juicios que componen el proceso demuestran cómo los rumores sobre lo que sucedía en el convento exaltaron los ánimos de familiares de las religiosas, autoridades y vecinos, quienes entre 1608 y 1613, se enfrascaron en una fuerte disputa por condenar o defender a las agustinas, y cuyo desenlace fue el de ser desterradas a conventos de Pasto y Quito. Entre los objetivos de este texto se encuentra el analizar una sexualidad prohibida, así como los rumores y testimonios de relaciones carnales que apoyaron las acusaciones contra las monjas, y que en últimas fueron generadores del desafío de parte de vecinos y autoridades civiles a la figura episcopal, y del escándalo que vivió la ciudad.
“Decolonizationˮ and “Deimperializationˮ: Modern Western Policy Towards Fragmentation of Russia
Authors: Demeshko Natalya E. , Muradov Georgy L. , Irkhin Aleksandr A. , Moskalenko Olga A.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Multinational Russia at various stages of its existence faces the playing out of the national question by opposing geopolitical centers. The discourse of “decolonization” and “deimperialization” of Russia has acquired a new level of relevance in the international arena after February 24, 2022. The purpose of the article is to identify and investigate the features of the destructive form of ethno-political mobilization in the regions of the Russian Federation through the construction and promotion of the discourse of “decolonization” and “deimperialization” of Russia by Western states.

Materials and Methods. The materials used in the study include U.S. legal documents, resolutions of the European Parliament, publications and speeches of representatives of the Western political elite and scientific and expert community, materials of the United States Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, content of various organizations, foreign mass media and media foreign agents. The methodological basis of the study is represented by systemic, geopolitical and instrumentalist approaches, as well as such methods as monitoring, discourse analysis and content analysis.

Results. The narrative of “deimperialization” and “decolonization” of Russia in the publications of the Western scientific and expert community and media materials is studied, and the political technologies of Western states oriented at the actualization of ethnic nationalism and, as a consequence, separatist tendencies in the regions of the Russian Federation are revealed. Western projects of practical policy oriented at actualization of national contradictions in the Russian Federation are implemented mainly through the following initiatives: holding events dedicated to “decolonization” and “deimperialization” of Russia; using representatives of Western-oriented national elites to actualize separatist tendencies in the regions of the Russian Federation; adopting declarations on “liberation” of the peoples of Russia from “colonial” dependence; popularization of information about the need for “decolonization”; and the use of the “decolonization” of Russia.

Discussion and Conclusion. “Decolonization” and “deimperialization” of Russia are focused on the implementation of a destructive form of ethno-political mobilization and fragmentation of the Russian Federation along national lines of settlement. The authors identify five technologies for the formation of ethnic nationalism in the regions of the Russian Federation, which are used by Western states in the process of modern confrontation with Russia. The results of the study will be useful for public authorities at both regional and federal levels to develop a set of measures aimed at countering the playing of the “national card” on the territory of Russia by competing geopolitical centers.
Methodology for Assessing the Quality of the Economic Space of the Region
Authors: Urunov Asror A. , Morozova Irina M.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need for theoretical and methodological justification and practical study of the problem of measuring the quality of the economic space of Russian regions and its influence on the development of the regional economy. The absence of this type of research increases the significance of this work. The purpose of the study is to develop methodological issues for measuring the quality of the regional economic space and substantiate the methodology for its integral assessment.

Materials and Methods. The object of the study was Russian regions and their socio-economic state. The authorsʼ methodology is based on system analysis, econometric modeling using indices calculated on panel data for regions, as well as the method of expert surveys. To obtain quantitative estimates of the economic space based on Rosstat data, an information base was created for 85 regions of the Russian Federation, covering the period from 2007 to 2021. A typology of Russian regions has been carried out according to the level of the integral indicator of the quality of the economic space.

Results. An original methodological approach is proposed, based on a systemic assessment of the total influence of a set of factors on the quality of the regional economic space. Within the framework of this approach, a methodology for measuring the quality of the economic space of a region has been developed and tested. Regions were grouped according to the level of the economic space; based on econometric modeling and empirical data, the influence of the economic space on the gross regional product per capita of Russian territories was established.

Discussion and Conclusion. It is proposed to carry out a relative assessment of the quality of the economic space using a system of indicators grouped into three blocks: “input”, “process”, “output”. Such a structure of indicators is capable of systematically reflecting the strengths and weaknesses of a particular region, the sources of regional spatial dynamics, and therefore can be used for an integral assessment of the level of development of territories. The results of the study can be used in the development and implementation of regional economic policy, and will also be useful to specialists and government officials involved in the development of strategic directions for improving the territorial structure of the Russian Federation.
Methodological Approach to Comprehensive Assessment of Living Standards in Russian Regions
Authors: Stroev Pavel V. , Nizamutdinov Marsel M. , Oreshnikov Vladimir V.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Improving the living standards of the population is the most important task facing public authorities. However, its solution is impossible without a clear understanding of what is meant by this definition and how this indicator should be assessed. Despite the wide representation of studies on this issue, there is actually no unified position and, consequently, no generally accepted assessment. The use of private indicators gives contradictory results. In this regard, the aim of the study is to develop a methodology for the comprehensive assessment of living standards in Russian regions.

Materials and Methods. The methods of grouping, dynamic and structural analysis, correlation analysis and others were applied in the framework of the task. The information base of the study was formed by the data of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia, as well as the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field under consideration. The research proposed an approach to the formation of an integral assessment of the standard of living of the population of Russian regions, based on a two-stage convolution of 22 private indicators divided into five groups, taking into account the weighting coefficients. Further the methodology was tested on the data on the regions of the Russian Federation.

Results. According to the results of the approbation, the ratings of regions by standard of living for 2017‒2021 were formed, which allowed us to consider its dynamics. It was revealed that, in general, the positions of leaders and outsiders remain stable; the differentiation between regions does not decrease. At the same time, while outsiders have weak positions in the overwhelming number of indicators, leadership can be due to different components of the integral indicator.

Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained results can be used by the authorities responsible for the development and implementation of state policy in the field of regional development, social security and other related areas. Forecast assessments allow us to identify threats to the realization of the task of improving living standards in Russian regions.
Increasing the Uniformity of Application of Mineral and Lime Fertilizers
Authors: Ovchinnikov Vladimir A. , Zhalnin Nikolay A. , Komolov Artem D. , Zykin Evgeny S. , Tyurin Igor Yu.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Modern agricultural production is based on the use of resource-saving technologies for agricultural production. An important element of these technologies is the use of mineral fertilizers and special importance is given to the uniformity of applying them.
Aim of the Study. The study is aimed at improving the process of applying mineral and lime fertilizers through the development of a pneumatic centrifugal working body.
Materials and Methods. For the theoretical studies, there were used the principles of mathematics and theoretical mechanics. The experimental studies were carried out at the testing ground of the Institute of Mechanics and Energy of Mordovia State University. The quality assessment of the operation of the unit equipped with experimental working bodies was carried out in accordance with GOST 28714-2007.
Results. To better distribute mineral fertilizers of heterogeneous granulometric composition over the field surface, there has been proposed a working element, the operating principle of which is based on the total use of mechanical and pneumatic effects on the granules of the agricultural inputs. The use of the developed working bodies makes it possible to increase the uniformity of fertilizer application by 17.6%.
Discussion and Conclusion. As a result of the conducted study, there has been proven the effectiveness of using the developed pneumocentrifugal working body, which makes it possible to increase the uniformity of distribution of mineral and lime fertilizers.
Old Uyghur Buddhist Scrolls: A Case Study Based on the Säkiz Yükmäk Yaruk Scrolls
Authors: Raschmann Simone-Christiane
Published: March 2024

The main feature of the extant Old Uyghur manuscripts is their fragmentary state of preservation and the predominant lack of dating. Catalogues and editions of the Old Uyghur fragments reveal a great diversity in the size and format of the discovered manuscript folios and the fragments from them. This study aims to promote the reconstruction of the scope of the Old Uyghur book forms from preserved fragments as an important part of the Old Uyghur manuscript culture. Which book forms were utilized, who participated in their production, and where? Studies on the papers and inks employed are obtainable. This study focuses on the Buddhist scrolls of the Säkiz Yükmäk Yaruk.
An Examination of the Liye No. 8-461 ‘Wooden Tablet of Nomenclature Changes’ and Its Implications for the Traditional View of the First Emperor’s (259–210 BCE) ‘Unification of Script’
Authors: Zheng Yifan
Published: March 2024

The Liye excavation, commenced in 2002, yielded a significant document: the No. 8-461 ‘wooden tablet of nomenclature changes’ (gengming fang 更名方) from the Qin unification era. With 54 entries outlining the nomenclature changes, it complicates the traditional view of the First Emperor’s ‘unification of Chinese script.’ This paper examines this earliest direct evidence pertaining to the writing standardisation project, focusing on terminology analysis and deciphering previously puzzling entries. This study also evaluates the effectiveness of the language reform by analysing character frequency in contemporaneous documents. It also contextualizes this artefact’s significance within the broader historical context of the newly established ruling order in the Qin Empire.