bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preservice Teachers' Understanding of Decimals using Standard Algorithm and Alternative Strategies
Authors: Joung Eunmi , Lin Cheng-Yao , Kim YoungRae
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore preservice teachers’ (PTs’) ability to implement multiple strategies using standard algorithms and alternative strategies and to investigate their conceptual knowledge of decimal operations. There were 37 PTs who participated in this study, all of whom attended a mathematics course in the K-8 Teacher Education Program at a mid-western university. These participants were asked to solve the Decimal Knowledge Test (DKT) in multiple ways. A qualitative approach was used to analyze PTs’ responses to the problems on the DKT. The results indicated that using standard algorithms, PTs demonstrated higher ability in solving decimal addition, subtraction, and multiplication involving a whole number. Alternative strategies posed difficulties in solving decimal multiplication problems involving two decimals, and division problems. Similarly, when examining operations, showing smooth or difficult translations between the representations, PTs found it difficult to translate representational modes in operations with multiplication involving two decimals, two division problems. The same results were seen when examining PTs’ conceptual understanding based on the Lesh Translation Model. The results provide teacher education programs with opportunities to create various instructional approaches involving translations among multiple representations in mathematics methods and content courses.
Efeito da degradação sobre os atributos do solo em ecossistemas de veredas no cerrado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Sales Gracielle de Brito , Frazão Leidivan Almeida , Fernandes Luiz Arnaldo , Oliveira Jéssica Costa de , Veloso Maria das Dores Magalhães
Published: March 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os solos de ecossistemas de veredas e de seus respectivos cerrados de entorno, em diferentes estágios de degradação. Foram selecionadas três veredas (Água Doce, Capivara e Buriti Grosso) e seus respectivos cerrados do entorno. As amostragens de solo foram realizadas nas camadas de 0–10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-75 e 75-100 cm de profundidade, para avaliação dos atributos químicos, granulometria, densidade aparente e estoque de nutrientes do solo. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e comparados pelo teste Tukey (p < 0,05). Os solos dos dois ambientes foram classificados como arenosos e com elevada densidade aparente (1,40 a 1,65 g cm-3). O pH na vereda preservada foi maior em relação as áreas antropizadas, sendo que em ambas as áreas o pH apresentou caráter ácido, com soma de bases, Al e capacidade de troca de cátions potencial (CTC) muito baixos. Os estoques de nutrientes foram semelhantes entre as áreas e mais elevados nos ambientes de cerrados. O potássio foi o elemento que apresentou maior variação, com maiores valores nas áreas com degradação. Conclui-se que as intervenções antrópicas, nos ambientes estudados, causaram alterações nos atributos do solo.
Décomptes d'occurrences de mots en Python
Authors: Turkel William J. , Crymble Adam
Published: March 2023

Compter les occurrences de mots spécifiques dans une liste peut constituer une source de données utiles. Cette leçon vous apprendra comment compter ces occurrences facilement en Python.
Analisis Kebutuhan Taruna terhadap Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Digital Pada Mata Kuliah Familiarisasi Pesawat Berbasis Platform Learning Management System Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang
Authors: Sutiyo Sutiyo , Yosa Nugraha M. Permadi , Meidy Anes Alfian , Ramdhani Sabrina
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan taruna terhadap pengembangan bahan ajar digital pada matakuliah aircraft familirization berbasis platform LMS Moodle di Poltekbang Palembang. Desain model pengembangan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan langkah ADDIE (Analisis, Design, Develop, Implementation, Evaluation). Namun, pada artikel ini hanya membahas bagian dari tahap analisis saja yaitu mengenai kebutuhan taruna terhadap pengembangan bahan ajar digital pada matakuliah aircraft familirization berbasis platform LMS Moodle di Poltekbang Palembang. Subjek penelitian pada penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 45 taruna Poltekbang Palembang yang mengambil matakuliah aircraft familrization. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi teknik non-tes. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar angket kebutuhan yang pengembangannya mengacu pada modifikasi Skala Likert dengan 4 pilihan jawaban yaitu sangat setuju, setuju, tidak setuju, dan sangat tidak setuju. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik kualitatif dan teknik kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa taruna membutuhkan bahan ajar digital berbasis platform LMS Moodle pada matakuliah aircraft familrization.
Perancangang E-Logbook Dinas Jaga Taruna
Authors: Raharjo Muhammad Agung , Akbar Kadir M. , Khaidir Anugrah Muh. , Nur Azizah Hardianti Rizza
Published: March 2023

Pembukuan kegiatan sangat penting oleh taruna jaga, guna dokumentasi dan pelaporan kegiatan taruna di bawah Pusat Pengembangan Karakter Taruna Politeknik Penerbangan Makassar. Pembukuan kegiatan ketarunaan tersebut masih dikelola secara konvensional, segala data dan informasi terkait kegiatan tersebut diperoleh dan dikumpulkan dengan cara manual dan taruna jaga yang betugas membukukan kegiatan tersebut. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menjadikan log book dinas jaga taruna dari laporan manual menjadi laporan digital di Politeknik Penerbangan Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian Design Science Research (DSR) yang bertujuan untuk membuat produk yang baru dan mengujinya dengan menggunakan metode Black Box dengan menginput data valid dan data tidak valid guna mengetahui kekurangan dari E-Log Book Dinas Jaga Taruna Politeknik Penerbangan Makassar. Hasil pengujian terhadap E-Log Book Taruna Jaga diperoleh hasil bahwa penginputan data valid ke form data taruna, kelas, prodi, user, dan piket semuanya berhasil, sedangkan penginputan data tidak valid (acak) terhadap form data taruna, prodi, user berhasil menolah data yang tidak sesuai kecuali pada form piket mengalami kegagalan karena dapat menyimpan data.
Journal Scientific and Applied Research, vol. 6, 2014
Authors:   0000-0003-3668-6713, Boyanov Petar
Published: March 2023

Journal Scientific and Applied Research, vol. 6, 2014
ASPECTS OF FUNCTIONAL STABILITY IN INFORMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
Authors:   SPACE RRESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGIES INSTITUTE - “BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES", Chiflidzhanova-Hubenova Zoya ,   , SOFIA 1113, ACAD. GEORGI BONCHEV, ST., BL. 1
Published: March 2023

The paper presents with the problem of functional stability of the information and control systems. The purpose of the study is the creation of new approach for functional stability of systems of radio-communication systems. The approach suggested will find application in elaborations of systems for professional radio communications with high requirements for verifications of the transmitted information on a complex and difficult environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF AGROECOSYSTEM UNER AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION IN CONDITIONS OF SOUTHEASTERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   KAZAKH NATIONAL AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY, ALMATY, KAZAKHSTAN ADDRESS: 050010 ALMATY, KAZAKHSTAN, Suleimenova Naziya , Filipova Margarita ,   Angel Kanchev University of Ruse, Sandugash Zharaspayeva ,   KAZAKH NATIONAL AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY, ALMATY, KAZAKHSTAN ADDRESS: 050010 ALMATY, KAZAKHSTAN
Published: March 2023

This article suggests solutions to environmental problems of agro-ecosystem under agricultural intensification, the need to optimize the structure of agro-ecosystem by increasing the portion of highly profitable culture with a good amino acid and protein composition, soybean in particular, improvement of crop rotation with increase of environmentally profitable crops’ portion, that help to restore and improve soil fertility.
Transformation of the Academy of Sciences: From Science in Society to the Responsible Science for Society
Authors: Filáček Adolf
Published: March 2023

The radical changes in the 1990s, including the more or less steep decrease in its financing, initiated major reforms of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS). The differences between the CAS and the other RD sectors consisted in the extent of financial threats posed to them and in coping strategies, personnel reductions, forms of institutional transformation, support of basic and applied research, engagement of business and enterprise sector in research activities, and new patterns of international collaboration in research. The transition process involves more stages; its developments up to now have resulted not only in institutional changes, plurality of financial sources, new methodology and procedures of science assessment, but also in the contemporary goal-directed programme “Strategy CAS21 - Top Research in the Public Interest”. This new concept addresses ideas of what are called “Responsible Research and Innovation” and “Science for Society”.
Impacts of Paracetamol on the growth of Cicer arietinum (Gram)
Authors: Vijai Krishna  , Chameli Soren
Published: March 2023

Plants have to face a lot of stress like heat, cold, acidic and alkaline conditions as well as presence of unusual chemicals due to pollution. Plants responses in different ways to resist the impact of these stresses by morphological, biochemical, physiological and other methods to adapt themselves for survival but if the level of stress becomes very high then plants cannot resist completely and shows changes in rate of their growth and development pattern. Present research work concludes the results and their interpretations obtained after the observations regarding the length of shoot and roots and the number of leaves of Cicer arietinum (Gram) growing under the stress of pharmaceutical agent paracetamol. The work shows that in general as the concentrations of paracetamol increases, the height and the growth of the gram plants decreases.
MRI-DTI Imaging Reveals Specific Neuro-degeneration Signature in Precuneus Node of Awareness Processing in Brain under Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Ranjitha Ruttala  , Pratik Purohit  , AninditaBhattacharjee  , BinduKumari  , Prasun K. Roy
Published: March 2023

Introduction:Alzheimer's disease(AD) displays progressive neurodegenerative atrophy, causing neuronal lossaffecting cognitive skills and memory. As precuneus is associated with episodic memory and is the reflexive self-awareness hub node, we consider precuneus as region-of-interest(ROI) for analysing AD.Objective:The main objective is find AD-caused alteration in nerve fibres, using diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) parameters like Mean Diffusivity(MD), Fractional Anisotropy(FA), and Nerve-tract Parameters, as number, length, volume, density, and thus, analyse the effect on precuneus by AD [when compared to normal subjects(CN)].Materials/Methods:Normals and Alzheimer’s subjects (n=50 each) were scanned with Siemens 3-tesla MRI-scanner. DTI parameters were estimated by DSI-FSL procedure, with statistical analysis usingt-test/ANOVA.Results:While ageing-process occurs in both AD and CN subjects, there is no change in “macro-structural” nerve fibre characteristics (e.g. Tract Indices: Number, density, volume, length). Contrastingly, there is significant alteration in “micro-structural” fibre characteristics, as increase in Mean Diffusivity(p=0.0006) and decrease in Fractional Anisotropy(p=0.0009) in Alzheimer's disease, when compared with normal subjects. Furthermore, comparing left-versus-right brain, Alzheimer’s patients (but not Normal subjects) show diminution in macro-structural nerve characteristics in left precuneus (compared to right precuneus): namely Tract’s number(p=0.0010), length(p=0.0107), volume(p=0.0225), density(p=0.0340).Conclusion:Under neurodegeneration, change in “micro-structural” nerve-fibre characteristics (Tract Indices), as opposed to “macro structural” fibre indices, can be hallmark for AD. Moreover, right precuneus is more protected in AD. Conversely, left precuneus has more neurodegeneration since its blood-flow is supplied by left common-carotid artery (unlike right common-carotid artery), this left artery arises directly from high-pressure aortic flow, transmitting turbulent hemodynamic stress to left precuneus.
Quality Evaluation of Buckwheat Flour Incorporated Sesame Laddu and its Popularization
Authors: Yasodhadevi K  , Angeline Esther Preethi S  , Banumathi S
Published: March 2023

The perception of food and nutrition security is multi-dimensional. Food security happens when all individuals have physical and economic access to enough and nutritious food which meets their dietary requirements and food choice for an active and healthy life. Limited quantity and supply of nutritious food is a big threat for food security. Because of huge population and high level of malnutrition in India, it is a very big challenge to make sure the supply of sufficient food and nutrition. Buckwheat has become a functional food because of its nutrient content and positive effects on human health. It can be consumed as a food and also used in the treatment of many diseases. The major impacts of buckwheat on human health are its hypotensive, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, neuroprotective and antioxidant effects. Hence, it is used in the treatment for chronic and metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension and celiac disease. Buckwheat flour was incorporated in sesame laddu at four different proportions (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%) and the formulated samples along with the standard were standardized. After standardization, it was subjected to sensory analysis and most acceptable proportion was selected and subjected for nutrient analysis. The cost of the product was also estimated. The selected product was popularized among adults. The sensory analysis proved that the sensory characteristics are acceptable with the addition of buck wheat flour. The carbohydrate content was high and the fat content was low in the selected product than in the standard product. The selected product costs little higher than the standard product.
Food Safety and Food Security Challenges among ADHD Children in Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: S.Soundariya  , Dr.C. A. Kalpana
Published: March 2023

Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity (ADHD) is a typical neurodevelopmental disorder in children with low levels of copper, iron, zinc, magnesium, and omega-3 fatty acids have been detected in children with ADHD. In contrast, sugar, artificial food colourings, and preservatives have been associated with an increased risk of ADHD. During the COVID-19 pandemic, managing food and nutrition for children with ADHD presented several difficulties. This study was conducted to evaluate the eating patterns of ADHD children, restricted foods (food safety), and the significance/need for parents and caregivers of ADHD children to be aware of food safety and security. The children were between 4 and 12 years old; 64% of the respondents were boys, while 36% were girls. They eat more Indian cuisine and have at least one Indian meal daily, whereas they occasionally enjoy western foods. Children who consume western cuisine are more prone to ADHD than those who consume Indian cuisine. Most parents are aware of the foods children with ADHD should avoid. Regarding ADHD, there is a considerable correlation between children's dietary patterns and food safety. During the pandemic, many parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were primarily concerned with ensuring their children received adequate nutrition and coping with an unanticipated financial crisis.
Facile functionalization cum fabrication of novel fenugreek gum /chitosan based self-crosslinked hydrogel networks through Schiff base formation: Characterization & Swelling kinetic studies
Authors: Dr Nisha Sharma  , Ganesh Kumar
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the current scenario, material synthesis techniques are transitioning from traditional to safer, chemical-free routes. The current research focuses on the self-crosslinking of fenugreek gum(a medicinal seed gum) and chitosan via Schiff base production through an oxidative pathway into hybrid hydrogels. To create oxidised fenugreek gum(OFG), fenugreek gum was oxidised with sodium periodate. Periodate oxidation converts vicinal glycols in the backbone to aldehydic groups. Crosslinking occurred due to the creation of Schiff base imine connections between amino groups of chitosan and aldehyde groups of oxidised fenugreek gum without the usage of severe conditions or crosslinking and initiator systems. To confirm the structural modifications integrated as well as changes in physiochemical properties of the backbone, FTIR, powdered XRD, FESEM, EDX, and swelling experiments were performed on newly synthesized polymeric networks. To determine their suitability as drug delivery agents, swelling kinetics were examined as a function of reaction parameters and ionic strength of swelling medium.XRD data confirms an increase in crystallinity caused by oxidation, which further reflected as decline in swelling OFG. The pH responsive behaviour of OFG and OFG-cl-CH Schiff base matrix is validated by swelling kinetics. SEM examination validated the porous structural shape of the functionalized gel. Schiff base polymeric networks of OFG-cl-CH follow a pseudo-Fickian process. These newly synthesised OFG-cl-CH Schiff base could be employed as a possible drug delivery systems in the future.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI ADMINISTRASI DESA BERBASIS WEBSITE
Authors: Hidayanti Nur , Nuryani Ely , Fathurohman Ade Nandang
Published: March 2023

Administration is an administrative activity carried out in the organization using the tools or facilities in the office concerned. Administration is a subsystem in an office organization that serves as the main support of efforts to achieve the organization's overall goals in the form of services into and out of the organization. The purpose of this study is to find out the population administration services carried out by Peucangpari Village to the community. The method carried out in this research is the waterfall method is very suitable in making applications needed in the creation of administrative applications in the current peucangpari village, where the stages of this method are started by analyzing data so that the system will be developed according to user needs. Waterfall method (waterfall model) which begins with research on the current system, design, coding, and maintenance of the system. The results obtained from this study are about village administration applications that can be applied and implemented to assist village parties in providing services to the community.
FRACTIONAL ORDER DISTRIBUTION ON HEAT FLUX FOR CRYSTALLINE CONCRETE MATERIAL
Authors:   Research Scholar, Departmentof Mathematics and Statistics, BhupalNobles’ University, India, Verma Ninny , Menaria Dr. Anil Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Bhupal Nobles’ University, India
Published: March 2023

The present work devoted to analyse the impact of fractional order one dimensional heat equation on heat transfer in concrete substances, during conduction process. Throughout the evolution the thermal properties of substances are considered as constant parameters. Investigations were done through statistical phenomena with linear representation of curve.
Treatment of Genital Burns, about A Case
Authors:   Universidad de Monterrey, Delgado Jesús Albertinio Jarquin , Ibarra Tania Lizbeth Angulo ,   Universidad de Monterrey
Published: March 2023

Perineum and genital burns are infrequent, especially as isolated episodes. The primary objective of perineum burn care is to maintain urine and fecal continence. Cleaning, gentle debridement of loose burnt tissue with gauze, topical antibacterial treatments, and dressing changes are all part of the first therapy for burns on the perineum and genitals. Before attempting acute debridement, burns should be delineated.
Knowledge Regarding Rabid Animal Bite among Rural Community People
Authors:   Nursing Officer, National Institute of Cardio-vascularDiseases& Hospital (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh., Khatun Maksuda , Nahar Kamarun ,   Nursing Officer, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Begum Mst. Beauty ,   Nursing Instructor, College of Nursing, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Ali Beethi Binte ,   Nursing Officer, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Published: March 2023

Background: Rabies is an important public health problem in Bangladesh and is at the top of the list among the zoonotic diseases. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the level of knowledge regarding rabid animal bite among rural community people. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted among 345 rural community people from 1st January to 31st December, 2019 in several villages of Kaligonj in Gazipur district. Convenience sampling was adopted and a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 39.63 ±13.35 years where majority (84.1%, n=290) of them were female and 81.7% (n=282) were literate. Only 4.9% (n=17) heard about rabies from health personnel, 14.2% (n=49) from mass media, 20.0% (n=69) from books and 60.9% (n=210) from general people. Most of the respondents 98.8% (n=314) knew that rabies is caused by infection from bite of rabid animal. Most of the respondents (97.7%, n=337) had knowledge that one should be vaccinated after bite of an animal. Majority of the respondents (92.8%, n=320) knew that rabies is preventable, 84.6% (n=292) knew about fatality of the disease.Half of the respondents (50.7%, n=175) had knowledge that rabies can be prevented by vaccination of rabid animals.Majority of the respondents (58.8%, n=203) had average knowledge regarding rabid animal bite while others had good (38.8%, n=134), and poor (2.3%, n=8) knowledge. Statistical significancewas found regarding level of knowledge and educational status (p<0.001). Conclusion: Majority of the rural community people had average level of knowledge regarding rabid animal bite. There is strong need for educational initiatives involving the local population and the public health authorities to support the rabies elimination program in Bangladesh.
Knowledge Regarding Needle Stick Injury & use of Personal Protective Equipment among Nurses at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka
Authors:   Senior Staff Nurse, National Institute of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Tejgoan, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Khatun Most. Rabuya , Ashik-Ur-Rahman Dr. SAM ,   Assistant Professor, International Institute of Health Science (IIHS), Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Shaha Apu Chandra ,   Assistant Professor, International Institute of Health Science (IIHS), Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Published: March 2023

Background: Health care workers are at increased risk of acquiring blood-borne infections as they are occupationally exposed to blood and body fluidsoccupational hazards such as needle stick injuries, sharps injury. Properly use of Personal Protective Equipment or PPE to help protect health care workers. Objective: This study was conducted to assess the level of Knowledge Regarding Needle Stick Injury & use of Personal Protective Equipment among Nurses at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Methods & materials: The study was a cross-sectional study, which was conducted at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January to December 2021. The study included purposively selected 200 nurses who are directly works with patients. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with a pretested, semi- structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Data were analyzed by current Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Informed written consent was taken from each nurse. Results: The study findings show that, among 200 respondents, 65% had good knowledge about Needle sticks injury, 30% had average knowledge and only 5% had poor knowledge about Needle sticks injury and 56% had good knowledge about personal protective equipment, 26% had average knowledge and only 18% had poor knowledge regarding personal protective equipment at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Conclusion: In conclusion, the best way to reduce NSI is to impart knowledge and awareness about it. Reporting of sharp injuries, preventive measures and post exposure prophylaxis and follow up should be the core issues to Infection prevention and control.
Women’s Knowledge, Attitude & Practice Regarding Breastfeeding Attending in Pediatric OPD at 250 Bedded General Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh
Authors:   Nursing Officer, 250 bedded General Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh., Das Rinku Rani , Das Pinki ,   Nursing Officer, 250 bedded General Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh., Halder Sewli ,   Nursing Officer, 250 bedded General Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh., Biswas Shilpi ,   Nursing Officer, 250 bedded General Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh., Saha Ashees Kumar ,   Nursing Instructor, Pabna Nursing College, Pabna.
Published: March 2023

For the most majority of children in developing nations, breastfeeding is thought to be the most vital factor that influences whether they will live or die, although the pattern of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding are more crucial factors, which are frequently neglected by most mothers. This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 respondents from 250 bedded General Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh to find out the factors influencing Women’s Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breastfeeding who are visiting Pediatric OPD from October, 2021 to Marc, 2022.Respondents were enrolled in the study using Purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by face to face interview with a semi-structured questionnaire. Here, 53.0% women’s knowledge on breast feeding was Good as well as 41.0% women’s knowledge was Fair and 6.0% women’s knowledge was Poor on the other hand 22.0% women’s Attitude on breast feeding was Good as well as 54.0% women’s Attitude was Fair and 24.0% women’s Attitude was Poor & 28.0% women’s Practice on breast feeding was Good as well as 39.0% women’s Practice was Fair and 33.0% women’s Practice was Poor. While there was typically good knowledge about breastfeeding, there was still inadequate practice. Breastfeeding expertise and mothers' employment position were revealed to be modifiable factors that predicted exclusive breastfeeding.
R12, R22, R134A, R404A Soğutucu Gazlarının Evaporatör Performansının Belirli Bir Oranda Azaltılmasıyla Yıllık Enerji Ve Ekonomi Tasarrufu Kıyaslaması
Authors: DEMİR Musa , ADIGÜZEL Nesrin
Published: March 2023

Tek kademeli geleneksel buhar sıkıştırmalı soğutma çevrimi için R12, R22, R134A ve R404A soğutucu gazları kullanılmıştır. 4 soğutucu gaz için evaporatör sıcaklığı 263K, kondenser sıcaklığı 303K, kütlesel debi 0,654(kg/s) kompresör izentropik verimliliği (0,7), kompresör ısı kaybı faktörü (%0,7), kompresör giriş sıcaklığı 278K olarak belirlenmiştir. Evaporatör soğutma kapasitesinin (%0,7) azaltılmasıyla belirlenen yeni değer ile bir karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Kompresör kapasitesindeki değişim, soğutma etkinlik katsayısındaki (COPSM) değişimler tabloda verilmiştir. Bir yıl 8760 saat olarak alınmıştır. 1kWh’in maliyeti 0,5 $ dolar olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada CoolPack programı kullanılmıştır. R12, R22, R134a ve R404A gazları için sırasıyla yıllık tasarruf para birimi olarak 1051$, 1445$, 1358$, 1183$ bulunmuştur. Ek olarak R12, R22, R134a, R404A gazları için yaklaşık olarak 2102, 2891, 2716, 2365 kWh tasarruf sağlanmıştır.
Türkiye’de Yapay Zekâ Alanında Yazılmış Yüksek Lisans Tezlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ALKAN Ayşe , SEVLİ Onur
Published: March 2023

Teknolojide yaşanan ilerlemelerden biri olan yapay zekâ insan yaşamında önemli gelişmelerden biridir. Buhar makineleri, elektrik, arabalar, bilgisayarlar, internet tarihi gelişim süreci içerisinde birer devrim niteliği taşıdığı gibi, yapay zekâ da yeni bir çağı başlatacak devrim niteliğinde bir teknolojidir. Yapay zekâ temelinde yer alan karmaşık matematikten dolayı doğru yaklaşımlar uygulandığı takdirde bireylerin uygulama yapabileceği disiplinler arası bir bilim dalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; 2017-2021 yılları arasında Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalında “yapay zekâ” konusunda yapılmış olan yüksek lisans tezlerinin incelenmesidir. Bu çalışma betimsel bir özellik göstermektedir ve veri toplama tekniği olarak doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır. Veri analizi olarak içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Yükseköğretim Kurulu (YÖK) Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanında 84 yüksek lisans tezine ulaşılmıştır ancak 5 tezin erişim engelinden dolayı 79 tez çalışma sorularına göre analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda sağlık, ekonomi, bilgisayar oyunları, verimlilik, optimizasyon, saldırı tespiti, metin madenciliği ve doğal dil işleme, görüntü işleme gibi konularda daha çok yönelim olduğu söylenebilir. Çalışma sonuçlarının araştırma yapacak araştırmacılara rehberlik edeceği düşünülmektedir.
Sürücülerin Tünel İşletim ve Güvenliği Algısı Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: KOÇHAN Burak , ÇORUH Emine , AYDIN Metin Mutlu
Published: March 2023

Tüneller, sürücülerin karşılaştıkları arazi kaynaklı engelleri konforlu, güvenli ve kısa sürede aşabilmelerine olanak sağlayan karayolu sanat yapılarından birisidir. Özellikle dağlık arazilerin yaygın olarak bulunduğu ülkelerdeki trafiğin kesintisiz bir şekilde hareket etmesini sağlamaktadır. Tüneller, arazi kaynaklı engelleri çok kısa mesafe ve sürede aşarak, araçların olumsuz çevresel etkilerden (çığ, kaya düşmesi vb.) korunmasını sağlamaktadır. Dünya genelinde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de gün geçtikçe yollarda yer alan tünellerin sayısında belirgin bir artış görülmektedir. Tünellerin sayısı arttıkça bu tür yol kesimlerinde, efektif tünel işletimi ve güvenliği daha da önemli hale gelmektedir. Dağlık arazi koşullarının oldukça yaygın olduğu Türkiye gibi ülkelerde şehiriçi ve şehirler arası yollarda kesintisiz, konforlu ve güvenli ulaşımı sağlamak amacıyla yol güzergâhlarında tünellerin kullanımı sın yıllarda oldukça sık karşımıza çıkmaya başlamıştır. Sayısı gün geçtikçe artan tünellerde, teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak farklı özellikteki tünel uygulamaları ve işletim özellikleri görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda, Türkiye’de yıllara göre teknolojik değişimlere ve yatırım bütçelerine bağlı olarak farklı işletim ve yönetim özelliklerine sahip işletmeye alınmıştır. Bu nedenle ülke genlindeki şehiriçi ve şehirler arası yollarda inşa yılına, yatırım bütçesine ve teknolojik altyapı olanaklarına bağlı olarak farklı yapısal ve işletim özelliklerine sahip tüneller görmek mümkündür. Bu çalışma kapsamında tünellerde pilot güzergâh olarak seçilen Gümüşhane-Trabzon arasındaki tünellerin işletim ve güvenlik özellikleri, sürücülerin bakış açısından irdelenmiştir. Yapılan anket çalışması ile Gümüşhane ve Trabzon illeri arasındaki tünelleri kullanan sürücülerin tüneller hakkındaki düşünceleri ve tünellerdeki sürüş davranışları anket çalışması ve farklı olası kaza senaryoları altında incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda ankete katılan sürücülerin karakteristik özelliklerinin tünel güvenliğini arttırmada çok önemli katkılar sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Özellikle planlama esnasında öngörülemeyen fakat sürücüler açısından önemli olan eksikliklerin tespit edilerek detaylı olarak irdelenebileceği istatistiksel sonuçlar ile tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucu elde edilen bulgular ile tünel inşa ve işletmesinde iyi bir bilgi birikimine sahip olan ülkemizin, bu konuda Dünya’da daha iyi bir noktada olması hususunda katkı sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Li İyon Pil Katot Nitrik Asitte Çözünme Koşullarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: YEŞİLTEPE Selçuk
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada atık lityum-iyon pil katot malzemesinin nitrik asit çözeltisinde çözülerek metalik malzemeler ile grafitin geri kazanım koşulları belirlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada atık Li-iyon katot malzemesi farklı molaritelere sahip nitrik asit çözeltisinde liç edilmiş ve metallerin çözünme verimi araştırılmıştır. Çözünme verimini etkileyen katı-sıvı oranı, çözünme süresi, H2O2 katkısı parametrelerinin çözünme verimi üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda en uygun çözme koşullarının 2 saat liç süresi, 100 g/L katı-sıvı oranı ve 3M nitrik asit çözeltisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. H2O2 katkısının incelendiği 2M nitrik asit çözeltisinde H2O2 katkısının olumlu etkisinin olmasına karşılık yeterli çözünme verimine ulaşılamadığı görülmüştür.
Adana İli Referans Evapotranspirasyon Miktarının Bulanık Smrgt, Anfis ve Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon Kullanılarak Tahmini
Authors: DEMİREL Serkan , KAYA Yunus Ziya , TAŞAR Bestami , ÜNEŞ Fatih , DEMİRCİ Mustafa
Published: March 2023

Hidrolik tasarım süreci ve tarımsal sulama yönetiminde evapotranspirasyonun tahmini oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada günlük evapotranspirasyon miktarı tahmini için ortalama sıcaklık (S), bağıl nem (N), rüzgâr hızı (R), solar radyasyon (SR) parametreleri kullanılmıştır. Penman-Monteith, FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) tarafından önerilen standart bir metottur. Bu metoda göre günlük evapotranspirasyon tahmini yapılmış (ET0), referans olarak da Penman Monteith yöntemi kabul edilmiştir. Günlük evapotranspirasyon miktarının tahmini için Basit Üyelik Fonksiyonları ve Bulanık Kural Oluşturma Tekniği (Bulanık SMRGT) ve Adaptif Sinirsel Bulanık Çıkarım sistemi (ANFİS) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen değerler klasik bir yöntem olan Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon (ÇDR) sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Modellerin tahmin sonuçları referans evapotranspirasyon değerleri ile kıyaslanmış ve her iki modelin de kararlı sonuçlar verdiği gözlenmiştir.
AISI 316L Alaşımın Tel Erozyon Yöntemi ile İşlenmesinde Kesme Parametrelerinin Yüzey Kalitesine Etkisi
Authors: AYDIN Kutay , KAZAN Hakan
Published: March 2023

Endüstride kullanımı oldukça yaygınlaşan tel erozyonla işleme teknolojisi, özellikle geleneksel imalat yöntemleri ile üretilmesi zor parçaların imalatı ve düşük enerji tüketimi bakımından imalat sektöründe önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, AISI 316L östenitik paslanmaz çelik alaşımın tel erozyon yöntemi ile işlenmesi sırasında farklı kesme parametrelerinin yüzey kalitesi üzerinde oluşturduğu etkilere odaklanılmıştır. Bununla birlikte üretim süresini uzatmadan yüzey kalitesinin arttırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, farklı kesme parametreleri ile tam faktöriyel tasarımda deneysel çalışmalar yapılmış, devamında varyans ve regresyon analizleri ile kesme parametrelerinin yüzey kalitesi üzerindeki davranışları araştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, ilerleme hızı ve bombardıman süresinin artması ve bekleme süresinin azalması ile yüzey pürüzlülük değerlerinde artış eğilimi görülmüştür. En düşük yüzey pürüzlülük değeri, 2 mm/dak ilerleme hızı, 16 µs bombardıman süresi ve 480 µs bekleme süresi parametrelerinde elde edilmiştir. İstatistiksel veri analizleri sonucunda, yüzey kalitesi açısından en etkin kesme parametresinin %83,96 oranla bombardıman süresi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Accessing The Ecocity Potential of Bartın (Turkey)
Authors: KOÇAN Nurhan , ALP Fatma Betül
Published: March 2023

Throughout history, environmental, economic, social and cultural values have affected the formation and development of cities. The industrial revolution brought about a rapid change in the cities and caused the values. The physical changes experienced by the cities caused rapid destruction of the environment and natural resources, thus damaging the ecological structures of the cities. These reasons have led people to search for sustainable environment and nature. In order to prevent this negative situation from getting worse, to use resources sustainably, to ensure the comfort of living spaces, new urban forms have emerged in order not to threaten the existence of nature. Eco-cities, as a self-sufficient city model that encourages the rational and sustainable use of resources, are one of these urban forms. Ecocity concept emerged with this in mind. This study was carried out in Bartin City, which has urban, rural and coastal areas and important resources. In the study, the analyzes of the natural and cultural potential that affect the ecocity potential of the city were made using geographic information system techniques. ArcGIS 10.8 software was used for this purpose. The data were stored in the ArcGIS 10.8 and thematic maps were created. Then, by overlapping the maps, the eligibility criteria were questioned. The potentials of Bartin city, which are suitable for being an ecocity, have been revealed. Within the scope of sustainability, the city's economic, social, cultural achievements and an ecocity model proposal has been presented.
Keçi Sütü Üretimi ve Önemi
Authors: TÜFEKCİ Hacer
Published: March 2023

Tüm Dünya’daki hızlı nüfus artışı insan beslenmesi için son derece değerli gıda maddeleri olan hayvansal kökenli gıdalara olan talebi artırmaktadır. İnsan beslenmesinde önemli olan et ve süt gibi hayvansal gıda üretiminde kullanılan hayvan türleri arasında yer alan keçiler, diğer hayvanlar tarafından yeterince değerlendirilemeyen düşük verimli mera, fundalık, çalılık alanları iyi değerlendirerek et, süt ve diğer ürünlerine dönüştürürler. Elde edilen keçi sütlerinden; peynir, yoğurt, tereyağı, kefir, krema, kaymak, dondurma, süt tozu, bebek maması, sabun ve kozmetik ürünleri gibi birçok ürün elde edilebilmektedir. Keçi sütü tüm dünyada giderek önem kazanan hayvansal ürünlerden birisidir. Yapısında bulunan bazı organik madde ve mineraller bu sütü diğer çiftlik hayvanlarının sütlerinden daha ayrıcalıklı hale getirmektedir. Keçi sütünün içeriği diğer türlerde olduğu gibi, beslenme, genotip, yönetim koşulları, yaş, doğum tipi, yetiştiricilik yapılan bölgenin konumu ve laktasyon dönemi gibi pek çok faktöre bağlı olarak değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada ülkemizde keçi sütü üretimi ve öneminin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.
On Vertex-Edge Degree Based Properties of Sierpinski Graphs
Authors: EDİZ Süleyman
Published: March 2023

Network science and graph theory are two important branches of mathematics and computer science. Many problems in engineering and physics are modeled with networks and graphs. Topological analysis of networks enable researchers to analyse networks in relation some physical and engineering properties without conducting expensive experimental studies. Topological indices are numerical descriptors which defined by using degree, distance and eigen-value notions in any graph. Most of the topological indices are defined as by using classical degree concept in graph theory, network and computer science. Recently two novel degree parameters have been defined in graph theory: Vertex-edge degree and Edge-vertex degree. Vertex-edge degree and edge-vertex degree based topological indices have been defined as parallel to their corresponding classical degree counterparts. Generalized Sierpinski networks have an important place of applications in view of engineering science especially in computer science. Classical degree based topological properties of generalized Sierpinski graphs have been investigated by many studies. In this article, vertex-edge degree based topological indices values of generalized Sierpinski graphs have been computed.
Stacked Heterogeneous Ensemble Learning Model in Mixed Convection Heat Transfer from a Vertically Oscillating Flat Plate
Authors: AKÇAY Selma , BUYRUKOĞLU Selim , AKDAĞ Ünal
Published: March 2023

In this study, the effects of mixed convection heat transfer from a moving vertical flat plate with an experimental and stacked heterogeneous ensemble learning approach are analyzed. In the experimental work, the effects on both natural and forced convection of dimensionless oscillation amplitude (Ao), dimensionless oscillation frequency (Wo) and Rayleigh number (Ra) are investigated. In the experiments, the vertical movement of the plate is provided by a flywheel-motor assembly. The average Nusselt numbers (Nu) on the fixed plate and the moving plate surface were obtained. Additionally, this study is focused on the prediction of heat transfer of a moving flat plate using single-based algorithms (Gradient Boosting, AdaBoost, Multilayer Per-ceptron) and a stacked heterogeneous ensemble learning model. The statistical per-formance of the single-based algorithms and the stacked ensemble model is meas-ured in the prediction of mixed convection heat transfer. The results show that the stacked-based ensemble learning model yielded the MSE = 2.01, RMSE = 1.42, MAE = 1.1 and R2 = 0.99 values. Overall, this study reveals that the proposed stacked en-semble machine learning model can be used successfully for modeling convection heat transfer of a moving plate.
Piyasada Satılan Çeşitli Yüksek Proteinli Laktozsuz Sütlerde Toplam Fenolik Madde ve Antioksidan İçeriklerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: OKUR Özge Duygu
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, özel beslenme grupları (laktoz intoleransına sahip bireyler/aktif spor yapan bireyler) tarafından tüketimi yaygın olan protein içeriği artırılmış laktozsuz süt ürünlerinin antioksidan aktivitesinin araştırılmasıdır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye piyasasından toplanan protein içeriği artırılmış laktozsuz UHT sütlerde bazı fizikokimyasal analizler ile toplam fenolik madde ve antioksidan aktivite tayinleri yapılmıştır. Genel olarak farklı markalara ait aynı aromayı içeren laktozsuz süt grupları içerisinde kurumadde arasındaki fark istatistiki olarak önemli (p<0,05), pH değerlerindeki değişim ise önemsiz bulunmuştur (p>0,05). Laktozsuz süt örneklerinin fenolik madde ve antioksidan aktivite değerleri incelendiğinde, en yüksek değer (sırasıyla 2546,25 mg GAE/L ve 7,01 mM) protein içeriği artırılmış kahveli laktozsuz süt (9B) örneğinde tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Kahveli ve kakaolu örneklerde toplam fenolik madde ve antioksidan aktivite değerlerinin kendi aralarındaki değişim önemsiz iken (p>0,05), diğer ürün gruplarından farklılıkları önemli bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Süt çeşitleri arasında toplam fenolik madde ve antioksidan aktivite değerleri arasındaki fark önemli bulunmuştur (p<0,05).
ORTAOKUL ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN OKULDA KARŞILAŞTIKLARI STRES KAYNAKLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA: HATAY ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇOLAK Mehmet , YÜKSELEN Cuma Ali , DOĞRU Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı; ortaokul öğretmenlerinin okulda karşılaştıkları stres kaynaklarını tespit etmek ve öğretmenlerin okul idarecilerinden beklentilerini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış, veriler mülakat tekniği ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Hatay Yayladağı Turfanda Ortaokulu, Atatürk Ortaokulu ve Çatbaşı Ortaokulu’nda görevli 6 kadın 6 erkek öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin hizmet verdiği okullar, eğitim kalitesi, bulunduğu yerin eğitim seviyesi, ekonomik gelir ve fiziki koşulları göz önünde bulundurularak düşük, orta ve yüksek seviye olmak üzere üç kategoriye ayrılmıştır. Bulgular, öğretmenlerin birden fazla alanda strese maruz kaldıklarını, bu durumun performanslarına olumsuz etki ettiğini açık şekilde ortaya koymuştur.
The spectacled porpoise (Phocoena dioptrica) in Antarctic waters
Authors: Sekiguchi Keiko , Olavvaria Carlos , Morse Laura , Olson Paula , Ensor Paul , Matsuoka Koji , Pitman Robert , Findlay Ken , Gorter Uko
Published: March 2023

Most knowledge on the biology and ecology of the spectacled porpoise (Phocoena dioptrica) has been obtained from stranded specimens, with less than fifteen confirmed sightings in the sea. Published photographs of live animals in their natural environment are also very rare. In this study, 28 live sightings are summarised, from Antarctic and sub Antarctic waters (mainly from the 1978-2004 IWC-IDCR/SOWER cruises). These sightings supported the suggested circumpolar and offshore distribution of this species; however, this was extended further south than previously thought, into Antarctic waters. The sea surface temperature recorded at the time of each sighting ranged from 0.9- 10.3°C, with most of the sightings (52.0%) in waters 4.9-6.2°C. Group size was small, averaging 2.0 (SD=0.92) animals per group. A total of six cow-calf pairs were observed and all such pairs were accompanied by one or two additional adults, always including a mature male. Based on observations at sea and new photographs of live animals, a pale ‘saddle’ around the dorsal fin was noticed and is described for the first time. The porpoises generally showed fast swimming behaviour when the vessel approached, resembling the swimming behaviour of harbour porpoises.
Evaluating the use of whalewatch data in determining killer whale (Orcinus orca) distribution patterns
Authors: Hauser Donna D. W. , VanBlaricom Glenn R. , Holmes Elizabeth E. , Osborne Richard W.
Published: March 2023

Commercial whalewatching has been used as an opportunistic data source for studies of cetacean distribution, but there are few comprehensive analyses of the biases and assumptions implicit in such methodology. The goal of this study was to evaluate the use of data generated by commercial whalewatch operators using a case study of whalewatchers targeting killer whales (Orcinus orca) within Washington and British Columbia inshore waters. In this region, many whalewatch vessels work cooperatively in a small, semi-enclosed area to locate and identify well-known killer whales. To address search biases and cross-examine the accuracy in killer whale locations and pod identifications by whalewatchers, an independent field study was conducted. The whalewatch data were 91.7% accurate in locating killer whales, but only 74.1% of those sightings were correctly identified to the pod level. However, identification accuracy increased to 92.6% when errors due to sub-pod mis-identification were excluded and 96.3% when early morning (before 10:30), unknown pod sightings were also excluded. It is suggested that these data can be used to describe spatial use patterns by killer whales, with recognition of the dataset’s limitations. Results of this study indicate that examination of biases is necessary before initiating research using data generated by commercial whalewatchers, but such data sources can be effective for specific study questions if the limitations are known. Although the whalewatch situation described here is relatively unique because it targets a small, well-known population, this study presents a practical methodology for evaluating the efficiency of whalewatch vessels in detecting and identifying cetaceans. Globally, whalewatching industries are increasing in numbers and geographic scope, and capitalising on these platforms of opportunity represents potentially valuable and accurate data for studies of cetacean distribution.
Unusual cetacean stranding events of Taiwan in 2004 and 2005
Authors: Wang John Y. , Yang Shih-Chu
Published: March 2023

In early 2004 and in 2005, several unusual stranding events occurred in Taiwan during a period when large-scale naval exercises were conducted in and on nearby waters. Gross examination of the partial remains of two carcasses (a ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (Mesoplodon ginkgodens) and a pygmy killer whale (Feresa attenuata)) and an intact Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus) revealed that the former two had internal injuries to structures associated with or related to acoustics or diving. The several unusual stranding events and the findings of the gross post mortem examination of the only specimens that were available for study were suggestive that nearby naval exercises may have contributed to or caused the death of at least one cetacean in this region and that species other than beaked whales may also be susceptible to such activities. With an increasing number of military exercises in this region, more attention to the impacts of such activities on cetaceans is needed.