INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS IN POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN. UPDATES FOR 2019-2022
Authors:   Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia, Sharafutdinova Nazira , Zinnurova Gulnara ,   Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia, Bilalov Fanil ,   Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia, Mukhamadeeva Olga ,   Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia, Sharafutdinov Marat ,   Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia, Borisova Marina ,   Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia, Yakhina Roza ,   Medical Information and Analytical Center, Ufa, Russia, Khalfin Raul ,   Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia, Perina Ekaterina ,   Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia
Published: October 2024

Significance. Malignant neoplasms remain widespread, ranking second in the structure of total mortality and topping the structure of primary disability. The share of stage IV cancer remains high. The purpose of the study was to analyze the incidence of malignant neoplasms in population of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2019-2022 and to assess changes in the level and structure of incidence due to the epidemiological situation caused by Covid-19. Material and methods. The study material was data of the form No. 7 “Information on malignant neoplasms” for 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022. Data on the number of detected malignant neoplasms among men and women in certain age groups, stages of malignant neoplasms at detection and the number of deaths from cancer within one year after diagnosis were uploaded from the reporting form. Results. In 2020, there was a 21.1% decrease in the incidence of malignant neoplasms compared to 2019. In 2021, the incidence of trachea, bronchi, lung, prostate, colon, and kidney cancer significantly decreased in men, while in women there was a reduction in the incidence of breast cancer, skin melanoma, other neoplasms of the skin, cervix, lymphoid and hematopoietic tissues. The incidence rates in men and women in these years hardly differed. Thus, in 2019, the cancer incidence among men equaled to 358.1 cases per 100,000 people, while among women it was 335.9 cases. Analysis of the incidence rates by year showed that by 2020, it decreased to 281.1 cases among men and to 268.2 cases among women. In 2021, the incidence increased to 296.3 and 292.0 cases, respectively, and in 2022 - to 320.3 and 314.6 cases per 100,000 people. At the same time, in the age groups starting from 25-29 up to 55-59 years, the incidence in women was significantly higher than in men (2.0-2.5 times). Conclusion. The decrease in the incidence of malignant neoplasms in 2020, 2021 and in 2022 compared to 2019 is probably due to the spread of Covid-19. The decrease in the detection of cancer of certain localizations may be associated with a decrease in the coverage with preventive medical examinations and care seeking even in the presence of complaints. In connection with these reasons, the share of IV stage cancer increased. The obtained data indicate a possible reduction in medical care delivery for socially significant diseases in case of epidemiological situations.