bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM KEUANGAN MIKRO DALAM KERANGKA TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PT NEWMONT NUSA TENGGARA DIKABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT
Authors: Bakhri Syamsul , Sri Wahyuni Ekawati , Muljono Pudji
Published: December 2016

This research aims at (1) studying the microfinance program run by and the organization of Yayasan Olat Parigi/ Olat Parigi Foundation (YOP) as part of PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara’s Corporate Social Responsibility; (2) formulating the development strategy for the organization and microfinance program for self-reliance and sustainability. This study employs qualitative approach and supported by quantitative approach. The study shows that: Firstly, theorganizational management of YOP constitutes two periods of services namely YOP Part I and YOP Part II. In comparison, the organizional management and program run by YOP Part II is better than YOP Part I as demonstrated by a number of improvements in some aspects including management of administration, human resources, budgeting, microfinance program and business unit strategic. However, this study has identified weaknesses in the area of self-reliance, resilience, and sustainability as shown in high dependency of the foundation to PTNNT (both in financing and facilitation). The Microfinance program has been implemented as per applicable SOP where clients are facilitated to obtain easy access and capability to fulfill the requirements, simplified procedures, right on target, up to date, consistent with characteristics of the locals and most importantly it provides more benefits for the locals.A number of challenges identified in running the microfinance program include high number of Non-Performing Loan, limited financing scheme, and inadequate assistance and/or capacity to the program beneficiaries. Secondly, the development strategy for organizational and microfinance programs shall be improved to reach a self-reliance, resilience, and sustainability of the program through implementation of bounding, bridging, and creating/ networking strategies.
Keywords: CSR,development strategy, institution, microfinance
TINJAUAN LEGITIMASI KELEMBAGAAN SEA-RANCHING DI KEPULAUAN SERIBU-JAKARTA -- Perspective on Institutional Legitimacyof Sea-ranching at Seribu Island-Jakarta
Authors: . Taryono , Soewardi Kadarwan
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The main problem of shallow water fisheries is overfishing. To improve fishing capacity of overfished fisheries is potentially by implementing sea ranching. Sea ranching isa process of releasing juvenile to certain enclose marine water under process of put-grow-take system. Two crucial aspects for implementing sea-ranching system are space management and access control of fishermen to fisheries resources. Implementation of this concept needsstrong legitimated institution. This paper is aimed to analysis legitimation issues of sea ranching institution at Semak Daun shallow water in Seribu Island-Jakarta base on legitimacy theory both of legal-substantial and sociopolitic-cognitive perspective.Legitimacy is heavily perception matter, which is assumed that institution body is allowed to take expected, proper and right actions. The legitimated sea ranching institutionrequires a powerful authority to develop regulations and to take enforcement actions. For doing so, itmust meet political, regulative, scientific and morality reasons. For complementary that institution also needs to be supported by institutional pillars including regulative, normative and cognitive perspectives. Results of this analysis will be one of references to develop implementing institution of sea ranching at study site.
Keywords: institutional legitimacy, overfishing, sea-ranching, shallow water

ABSTRAK
Problem utama perikanan perairan dangkal adalah tangkap lebih.Untuk meningkatkan produktivtas perikanan yang tangkap lebih dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan sea ranching. Sea ranching adalah pelepasan juvenil yang dibudidayakan ke lingkungan laut tertutup dalam sistem lepas-tumbuh-panen. Dua aspek krusial penerapansea-ranching adalah tata ruang dan pengendalian akses nelayan pada sumberdaya. Implementasi sea ranchingmemerlukan kelembagaan yang mempunyai legitimasi kuat. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis isu-isu legitimasi kelembagaan sea ranching pada perairan dangkal Semak Daun di Kepulaun Seribu-Jakarta dalam pandangan teoritis baik dalam perspektif legal-substansial dan sosial politik-koginitif. Legitimasi lebih merupakan persoalan persepsi, yang diasumsikan bahwa lembaga diijinkan untuk melakukan suatu tindakan yang yang diharapkan, tepat dan benar. Lembaga pengelola sea ranching yang legitimatif membutuhkan kewenangan yang kuat untuk menyusun peraturan dan melakukan tindakan penegakannya. Untuk itu, kelembagaan sea ranching harus memenuhi alasan politis, regulatif, ilmiah, dan moralitas. Untuk melengkapinya, kelembagaan tersebut juga membutuhkan dukungan pilar-pilar kelembagaan yang mencakup perspektif regulatif, normatif dan kognitif.Hasil analisis ini dapat menjadi salah satu rujukan untuk membangun kelembagaan implementasi sea ranching di lokasi studi.
Kata kunci: legitimasi kelembagaan, perairan dangkal, sea-ranching, tangkap lebih
PERSEPSI PEREMPUAN TENTANG PERANNYA DALAM RUMAH TANGGA PEMBUDIDAYA KERANG HIJAU
Authors: Novriani Aminia , Fatchiya Anna
Published: December 2016

Sustainable development of coastal and marine resources in Indonesia reveals that women take an important role in coastal and marine sectors. This study focused on women's perception of their role. It aimed to assess the women’s perception about their role and to analyze the relationship between internal and external factors with women's perception about their role in cockle cultivator households. This study applied survey method with quantitative approach which is supported by qualitative information. The result of this study found that most respondents are in middle adulthood (31-50 years), have low education levels, low income levels, has a job as “ pengitri k”  and Bugis tribes.  The results of descriptive analysis showed that women's perception of their role in the household tend to be less good, it means respondents did not have a conscious view of gender in almost aspects of household roles. The results of statistical analysis showed that internal factors which is income level and employment has significantly related to women’s perceptions about their role in the household. Another factors such as age, education, and income has not  significantly related to the women’ s  perception. External factors in this study such as husband’s age, husband's education level and husband’s  income level is not significantly related to the women's perception of their role in the household. Keywords: women’s p erception, cockle cultivator households, gender
DAMPAK EKOWISATA TERHADAP KONDISI SOSIOEKONOMI DAN SOSIO-EKOLOGI MASYARAKAT DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK
Authors: Irma Ayuningtyas Diah , Hadi Dharmawan Arya
Published: December 2016

Keberadaan ekowisata mempengaruhi kehidupan masyarakat di seluruh wilayah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini diringkas dalam dua pernyataan. Pertama, menentukan dampak sosio-ekonomi diterima oleh masyarakat lokal karena adanya ekowisata. Kedua, menentukan dampak sosio-ekologis yang diterima oleh daerah karena adanya ekowisata masyarakat. Hasil didasarkan pada dampak sosial ekonomi meliputi rumah tangga meningkat tingkat pendapatan, tingkat kerja sama, laju perubahan dan penilaian gaya hidup, tingkat komunikasi, persepsi warga terhadap wisatawan, tingkat kerja alokasi waktu dan tingkatan penduduk dalam kegiatan ekonomi. Dampak sosial-ekonomi tidak terlihat di Kampung Citalahab untuk ekowisata dan desa tertutup bagi wisatawan yang berkunjung. Sosial-dampak ekologis dapat dilihat tingkat keterlibatan penduduk dalam konservasi penelitian lokal, dan perumahan status. Kata kunci: ekowisata, dampak sosio-ekonomi, dampak sosio-ekologi
DAMPAK PARIWISATA TERHADAP PELUANG USAHA DAN KERJA LUAR PERTANIAN DI DAERAH PESISIR
Authors: Widya Setiyanti Dian , Sadono Dwi
Published: December 2016

The tourism has a very significant role in national economic development. Social changes occured as a result of direct contacts from tourism in tourist areas. One of consequence from the tourism activities is emergence of businesses and  employment  opportunities  which  can  encourage  local  economies.  The purpose of this research was to identify business and employment opportunities as a result of tourism activities at Pramuka Island and also to identify characteristics of the community. Another purpose is to analyze level of income, linkages between agricultural sector and nonagriculture sector, and transfer of resources (land) that arise due to tourism activities. The research methods are qualitative method which supported by quantitative methods. The results showed that tourism activities in Pramuka island has created business and employment opportunities for local community. Opportunities are predominantly used by natives. Tourism businesses and employment tend to be main livelihood of local people although their income are still at low-income levels. Linkage between agriculture sector and nonagriculture sector in Pramuka Island is shown by the increasing demand in fisheries sector as raw material for some businesses. Transfer of resources tends to occur among natives and there is one policy that prohibits people to build a building around the island ring road. Keywords : impact, tourism, business and employment opportunities.
DAMPAK PELABELAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN (ECOLABELLING) PERIKANAN BAGI NELAYAN IKAN HIAS
Authors: Secelia Muswar Humayra , Satria Arif
Published: December 2016

Nelayan di Desa Les memiliki spesialisasi dalam menangkap ikan hias sejak tahun 1982 dengan menggunakan potasium sianida, setelah bertahun-tahun terumbu karang rusak parah. Kesadaran nelayan muncul untuk mengubah pola penangkapan ikan mereka menjadi lebih ramah lingkungan. Pada awal 2000, gerakan hijau ini diprakarsai oleh LSM mulai mengubah kondisi sistem perikanan Les. Masyarakat tradisional Bali dan kesadaran nelayan memiliki peran besar untuk mengontrol jalannya perlindungan terhadap perikanan berkelanjutan. Pada tahun 2006, sertifikasi ekolabel diperkenalkan kepada nelayan Desa Les. Itu diterapkan untuk dua tahun (2006-2008). Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh yang ekolabel sosial ekonomi bagi nelayan ikan hias. Kata kunci: nelayan ikan hias, ekolabel, perikanan berkelanjutan, Bali, Indonesia
MIGRASI INTERNASIONAL PEREMPUAN DESA DAN PEMANFAATAN REMITAN DI DESA PUSAKAJAYA, KECAMATAN PUSAKAJAYA, KABUPATEN SUBANG, PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Irawaty Tuty , Sri Wahyuni Ekawati
Published: December 2016

Migrasi internasional terjadi karena pertumbuhan penduduk yang tidak diimbangi dengan pertumbuhan kesempatan kerja. Bagi perempuan desa yang tidak memiliki banyak keterampilan, migrasi internasional adalah kesempatan emas untuk meningkatkan ekonomi keluarga mereka. Masalah ini sangat kompleks tapi menarik untuk dikaji. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan perempuan di desa pergi ke luar negeri untuk bekerja dan pemanfaatan remitansi dalam rumah tangga migran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei yang merupakan penjelasan dan penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian daerah adalah Pusakajaya Desa, Subang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, ketersediaan lapangan kerja di daerah tujuan dan lahan pertanian terbatas di daerah asal menjadi faktor utama bagi perempuan di desa untuk bekerja di luar negeri. Pemanfaatan remitan di Desa Pusakajaya dialokasikan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi, produksi, investasi di bidang pendidikan dan ekonomi, sedangkan alokasi investasi sosial tidak ditemukan. Pemanfaatan pengiriman uang oleh keluarga migran di Desa Pusakajaya membentuk pola umum dalam memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi dan investasi pendidikan. Kata kunci: migrasi internasional, para pekerja migran perempuan, pengiriman uang.
AKSES NELAYAN TERHADAP SUMBER DAYA PESISIR DI KAWASAN PERTAMBANGAN
Authors: Tantri Wandan Sari Yossika , Satria Arif
Published: December 2016

Pembentukan daerah, yang didirikan dengan menentukan batas-batas yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatur kepemilikan sumber daya alam, adalah cara untuk menghindari konflik sumber daya alam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) untuk menganalisis partisipasi nelayan dalam menentukan wilayah pesisir di Kelurahan Cilacap; 2) untuk menganalisis dampak zonasi pesisir pada akses sumber daya alami alam nelayan di Desa Cilacap; dan 3) untuk menganalisis hubungan antara perubahan akses sumber daya alam nelayan dan konflik sumber daya di Desa Cilacap. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: 1) kurangnya partisipasi nelayan dalam menentukan zonasi pesisir; 2) ada beberapa dampak dari zonasi yang mempengaruhi akses sumber daya alam nelayan; dan 3) faktor yang menyebabkan konflik di Desa Cilacap adalah pesisir polusi dari kecelakaan kapal tanker. Konflik di Desa Cilacap, yang disebabkan oleh pencemaran pesisir dari kecelakaan kapal tanker, memberikan baik dampak negatif dan positif bagi nelayan. Beberapa dampak negatif penurunan kepercayaan, masalah moral yang meningkat, dan penurunan produktivitas. Di sisi lain, dampak positif penguatan obligasi dalam kelompok nelayan, nelayan mampu beradaptasi dalam lingkungan, dan peningkatan pengetahuan nelayan lebih baik. Kata kunci: zonasi pesisir, akses sumber daya, konflik.
ANALISIS TINGKAT PARTISIPASI PESERTA PROGRAM CSR PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI PT ARUTMIN INDONESIA
Authors: . Rahmawati , Sumarti Titik
Published: December 2016

Penelitian ini difokuskan pada Tingkat Partisipasi Peserta Program CSR Ekonomi Pemberdayaan. Partisipasi merupakan salah satu aspek yang paling penting yang dapat mendukung keberhasilan program pengembangan masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk 1) menganalisis tingkat kemauan, kemampuan, dan kesempatan dari peserta pada program pemberdayaan ekonomi; 2) menganalisis tingkat partisipasi dari peserta pada program pemberdayaan ekonomi; 3) menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat partisipasi dan tingkat kemampuan, dan kesempatan dari peserta pada program pemberdayaan ekonomi; 4) menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat partisipasi dan tingkat kemampuan ekonomi dari peserta pada program pemberdayaan ekonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Responden adalah peserta pada ekonomi program CSR pemberdayaan total responden adalah 60 orang. Responden dipilih secara purposive sampling. Pengolahan data kuantitatif menggunakan Crosstab dan Rank Spearman Uji Korelasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Crosstab dapat disimpulkan bahwa, pada program DPEM, tidak ada korelasi antara tingkat kemauan dan tingkat partisipasi, tapi ada hubungan antara tingkat kemampuan dan tingkat kesempatan dengan tingkat partisipasi, dan ada korelasi antara tingkat partisipasi dan tingkat kemampuan ekonomi. Pada program PPEM, tidak ada korelasi antara tingkat kemampuan dan tingkat partisipasi, ada korelasi antara tingkat kemauan dan kesempatan dengan tingkat partisipasi, dan tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat partisipasi dan tingkat kemampuan ekonomi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ada saran untuk Masyarakat Departemen, LPPM, dan Dompet Dhuafa Republika: mengadakan pelatihan pengembangan usaha bagi peserta pada program DPEM, pengetahuan semakin meningkat dan keterampilan peserta pada program PPEM, memperbaiki pola LPPM bantuan kepada peserta pada Program DPEM, memperkenalkan Program DPEM kepada masyarakat melalui sosialisasi langsung, meningkatkan partisipasi peserta pada program DPEM melalui peningkatan komunikasi dua arah antara perusahaan atau LPPM dengan peserta. Kata kunci: pemberdayaan ekonomi program CSR, partisipasi, dan kemampuan ekonomi
KELEMBAGAAN DALAM SISTEM PERTANIAN PADI SEHAT
Authors: Indriana Hana , Tonny Fredian , K. Pandjaitan Nurmala
Published: December 2016

Organic agriculture system has already developed and sustain until today in the middle of
agricultural modernization. It's become an alternative to build sustainable agriculture and institutional support become important element to build it. Related to that, the objective of this research was to analysis how is an agriculture sustainability will be built supported by sustainable institutions in organic agriculture system. The study is a sociological research which assumed itself into constructivist paradigm, which is a qualitative exploration, with specific cases using multi-method. The research was held on October 2008 until February 2009 and located in Ciburuy Village with paddy peasant community as the unit of analysis. The result of the research shows that organic agriculture system in Ciburuy Village is healty rice agriculture system which produce SAE branded rice (Healthy, Save, and Delicious). Technically, the system has not yet became pure organic agriculture which free of synthetic chemical because the using of chemical fertilizer. Nevertheless, a process and also an implementation of the system related to the principles of organic agriculture system. So that, production techniques, social relationships,
and the rules that embedded in were built to build agriculture sustainability. With the development of healthy rice farming systems, do not change a working relationship system of division of labor and wage system between tenant farmers and farm laborers. Similarly at harvest activity. The differences appear in the presence of mechanisms that shape institutional providers of fertilizer and pesticides, institutional Cooperative Farmers Group "Lisung Kiwari", institutional post-harvest, and institutional distribution of rice SAE as a product of healthy rice.
 Keywords : organic agriculture system, institutions sustainability, sustainable                     agriculture, people center development 
PENDAMPINGAN PEREMPUAN KORBAN TINDAK KEKERASAN OLEH PUSAT PELAYANAN TERPADU PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK (P2TP2A)
Authors: Sitoresmi Rr. Niken , Amanah Siti
Published: December 2016

Gender as a social construction and beliefs that thrive in the community produce gender inequalities experienced by women. This makes the weak position of women so prone to cases and acts of violence. Comprehensive facilitation for victims of violence are indispensable so that there should be an institution that takes care of this. Therefore, this study was done to find out, identify, describe and analyze the facilitation of women victims of violence by the integrated services centre empowerment of women and children (P2TP2A) DKI Jakarta. The research used survey using questionnaires, instruments was designed following concepts on gender ideology and the role of facilitation from P2TP2A DKI Jakarta. Quantitative and qualitative analysis were used to explain research results. Gender ideology attached to the respondents pointed out that the majority of the respondents have a positive gender ideology that leads to equity and equality of gender. The majority of respondents have knowledge about violence are high by agreeing to things that are associated with violence. There is no signification between the ideology gender of women victims with violence experienced. On the other hand, there is a signification between knowledge about violence of women victims with violence experienced. Respondents perceive that facilitation from P2TP2A DKI Jakarta is effective according to the needs of the victims. The activities conducted by P2TP2A help assisted process of recovery and motivate the women to have specific life skills, such as household economics.

Keywords: violence, recovery, empowerment, women victims, P2TP2A.
Effects of solvent extraction system on antioxidant activity of Lamium purpureum L.
Authors: Grujic Slavica , Dzamic Ana , Mitic Violeta , Stankov-Jovanovic Vesna , Marin P.D. , Stojanovic Gordana
Published: December 2016

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of aerial parts of Lamium purpureum L. was determined by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and TRP assays. Contents of flavonoids and phenols were also investigated. The total phenolic content in the extracts, determined using Folin?Ciocalteu assay, ranged between 8.57 to 128.00 mg GAE/g d.e. while concentrations of flavonoids in the extracts varied from 24.20 to 39.80 mg QuE/g d.e. The highest phenolic content was found in methanol extract (128.00 mg GAE/g d.e.). The highest content of total flavonoids was identified in the methanol extract (39.80 mg QuE/g d.e.) and the lowest was in the chloroform (24.30 mg QuE/g d.e.). DPPH scavenging of the extracts was determined and obtained IC50 values ranged from 0.12 to 3.12 mg/mL of solution. The values of ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.35 to 1.80 mg AA/g. The highest ABTS antiradical activity was registered for methanol extract. The FRAP value was found within the range 0.08 to 1.04 ?mol Fe/mg. The best radical scavenger was methanol (1.04 ?mol Fe/mg). In reducing power assay different extracts of L. purpureum showed increasing of activity with increased concentration, and all extracts possessed substantial dose dependent antioxidant activity. The best reducing capacity was obtained with methanol extract of L. purpureum (0.0132 mg AA/mL). The results in this study confirmed that L. purpureum possesses moderate antioxidant properties.
Interactions of Bio-macromolecules During Processing of Instant Asian Noodles: A Review
Authors: Shrestha Pratiksha , Rai Krishna Prasad , Anal Anil Kumar
Published: December 2016

The review focuses on how the protein, fats, carbohydrates and water interact and form the complexes during different stages of processing of instant noodles. Moisture is needed for dough formation and chemical interactions therein. Appropriate moisture content is required for proper gelatinization of noodle strand during steaming and eventually moisture is evaporatedoff by drying and frying to increase its shelf life. Frying oil may undergo degradation process invited by high frying time and temperature, high moisture in oil and polyvalent metals. Various intermediate products like dimers and polymers accelerate the oil degradation finally changing the physiochemical properties of oil rendering it unacceptable for processing. Gliadinand glutenin gives noodle its viscoelastic character. The polymeric glutenin network develops throughout the process of mixing, resting and subsequent stages of sheeting. Protein content and amylose content in noodle are inversely proportional to the oil uptake ratio. Another possibility is the non-enzymatic browning reaction during frying of instant noodles.
Study on the welding continuous cooling transformation and weldability of SA508Gr4 steel for nuclear pressure vessels
Authors: Bai Qingwei , Ma Yonglin , Kang Xiaolan , Xing Shuqing , Chen Zhongyi
Published: December 2016

SA508Gr4 is a newly developed high-strength steel for nuclear reactor pressure vessels. Its welding characteristics remain largely unexplored. In this work, the simulated heat affected zone continuous cooling transformation (SH-CCT) diagram of SA508Gr4 steel was constructed and the high-temperature cooling phase compositions and the properties of the heat affected zone (HAZ) were characterized using dilatometry and microscopic tests. The results show that the phase transformation in the HAZ was divided into bainite and martensite transformation stages. When 4.6 ≤ t
8/5 (the HAZ cooling time from 800 °C to 500 °C) ≤ 15 s, lath-shaped martensite was fully developed, resulting in extensive hardening and cold cracking in the HAZ, while the cooling time required to form the bainite completely exceeds 1 200 s. Thus, to improve weld quality, preheating to 196 °C or higher is recommended.
A Survey of Enterobacteriaceae and Resistance of Greater Rhea (Rhea Americana) Eggs to Experimental Contamination by Salmonella Enteritidis
Authors: Cervi Renato Clini , Andrade Maria Auxiliadora , Minafra-Rezende Cíntia Silva , Café Marcos Barcellos
Published: December 2016

Eggs have protective structures against possible contamination by bacteria and fungi. Pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp. are therefore rarely found in adequate sanitary conditions. Few studies about the contamination of ratite eggs have been reported, and although some studies have focused on ostrich eggs, there is no information about Greater Rhea ( Rhea americana) eggs. The microorganisms that contaminate ratite eggs do not differ from those that affect other bird species. The purpose of this study was to characterise contamination in 16 eggs, supplied by a commercial breeding facility, by Enterobacteriaceae contamination and to assess the in vitro resistance to experimental contamination by Salmonella Enteritidis using analytical tests following the guidelines of the Georgia Poultry Laboratory. These elements are critical to the storage period, quality and physicochemical parameters. The results revealed the presence of the genera Proteus, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Enterobacter related to the location of nests. Greater Rhea eggs were also found to be highly resistant to experimental infection by Salmonella Enteritidis.
Chicken Model for Inducing Primordial Germ Cells Differentiating into Motile Sperms in vitro
Authors: Xiong Hui , Li Xiangchen , Hu Qingyun , Hu Pengfei , Guan Weijun
Published: December 2016

Stem cell technologies have been widely used in the study of spermatogenesis. However, deriving motile sperm from stem cells in vitro is still rarely achieved. We found that chicken primordial germ cells could directly differentiate into sperm by using retinoic acid in a non-testicular culture system. The induced sperms were characterised by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry techniques. Results suggested that chicken primordial germ cells could produce motile sperm in vitro. Our work has provided a novel animal model of spermatogenesis in vitro, which might be used for male reproductive mechanism research.
The Structure of the Retina of the Eurasian Eagle-Owl and its Relation to Lifestyle
Authors: Alix Belén , Segovia Yolanda , García Magdalena
Published: December 2016

The retinal layers of birds are the same as those of other vertebrates; however, some variations exist in morphology, areas of visual acuity, and retinal vascularisation. Moreover, as a result of the relationship between environment, visual perception and behaviour, some variations are observed between diurnal and nocturnal birds. In this study, we have investigated the retina of the Eurasian Eagle-owl ( Bubo bubo hispanicus) by optical microscopy. The results indicate that the retina has features of both nocturnal and diurnal birds. The pigment epithelium cells have long prolongations filled with melanin granules. The rod is the dominant photoreceptor, but simple cones are abundant. Yellow and colourless oil droplets and paraboloid are present in the inner segment of cones. In the inner nuclear layer, the cell bodies of horizontal cells can easily be recognised by a large and pale cytoplasm. Bipolar cell perikarya are identified by their dark nuclei and the round and narrow cytoplasm. Amacrine cells, located in the inner border of the inner nuclear layer, have a round perikarya and lightly stained nuclei. Müller cells bodies, also located in this region, have an irregular shape. Finally, ganglion cells which are characterised by the prominent nuclei and nucleoli vary in size and abundance depending on different regions in the retina. The morphological characteristics of this retina indicate that B. b. hispanicus have a high light sensitivity, the capacity to discriminate colour, a complex visual processing in the inner retina in order to mediate contrast and motion and, possibly, an elevated acuity in areas of high photoreceptor and ganglion cell density.
Local flap for reconstruction of nasal defect following excision of basal cell carcinoma of nose
Authors: Rahman Hasib , Razib Syed Farhan Ali , Azad Md. Abul Kalam , Mannan M. A. , Bahar Md. Ashik Anwar , Uddin Md. Mosleh
Published: December 2016

Reconstruction of soft tissue at the nose following excision of basal cell carcinoma is always challenging, because of both functional and aesthetic importance of nose. The local flap is always preferable to skin graft as this produces like with like replacement, pliable cover and vascularized tissue over the skeletal framework. In this paper, we discussed six cases of nasal reconstruction with bilobed flap, forehead flap, and nasolabial flap. All flaps survived and the patients had satisfactory outcome.
Arthritis as a presentation of acute leukemia
Authors: Aziz Md. Abdul , Sarkar Surozit Kumar , Rahman Farzana , Islam Shafiqul , Kabir Amin Lutful , Begum Masuda
Published: December 2016

A 14 year old boy presented with 3 months history of low back pain as well as pain and swelling of both knee joints. The pain was inflammatory in nature. He was thoroughly evaluated but no underlying cause was detected. However, the boy was treated with NSAIDs and sulphasalazine. A few weeks later he developed anemia and took the blood transfusion. Then he developed fever and the joint pain re-appeared. On examination, the patient was found moderately anemic, positive bony tenderness and splenomegaly. Musculoskeletal examination revealed right knee joint effusion. The investigation revealed pancytopenia. Bone marrow morphology and immunophenotyping revealed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We treated the patient according to modified UKALL-2003 protocol and patient condition improved and arthritis disappeared.
Measurement of radiation dose in multi-slice computed tomography
Authors: Maharjan Surendra , Prajapati Sudil , Panta Om Biju
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to measure the radiation doses for computed tomography (CT) examinations of the head, chest and abdomen in adult patients in Nepal in comparison to international standard. Dose length products (DLP) and effective doses for standard patient sizes were calculated from the reported volume CT dose index (CTDIVol). Details were obtained from approximately 90 CT examinations carried out in 128 slice CT scan. Effective dose was calculated for each examination using CT dose indices, exposure related parameters and CTDI-to-effective dose conversion factors. The CTDI and DLP were below the established international reference dose levels for head and chest while for the abdomen and pelvis, the CTDl and DLP were above the established international reference dose levels. The mean effective doses in this study for the head, chest, and abdomen were 1.7, 5.4 and 17.7 mGy respectively. In conclusion, for the routine head and chest protocol, CTDI, DLP and ED were found to be significantly lower compared to the recommendation of European Commission. However, abdomen CT scans showed higher dose values because of multiple phase scans and longer scan lengths.
Effect of onion extract and hydrogen peroxide on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infection
Authors: Hamad Mohammed Oudah
Published: December 2016

Antibacterial activity of the mixture of onion (Allium cepae) extract and hydrogen peroxide was tested on multidrug resistant isolate of P. aeruginosa, obtained from biofilm on medical devices and urinary tract infection (UTI). P. aeruginosa exhibited high resistance rate toward sefitrixone and ciprofloxacin with inhibition zone of resistant of isolates in disc diffusion  method was detected at 8 and 13 mm, respectively. While inhibition zone of imipenem for the isolated bacteria was 20 mm. Their decontamination was tested using a mixture of onion leaves aqueous extract 10.7% (w/v) with 1.0% hydrogen peroxide. The mixture showed inhibition of the isolates. It can be concluded that a special antibacterial solution could eradicate multidrug resistant isolate of P. aeruginosa.
Training of caregiver for home care management of stroke survivor at low resource setting
Authors: Rahman Md. Shahidur , Salek Abul Khair Mohammad
Published: December 2016

This study was carried out to see whether caregiver training to attendees during hospital stay can better address the stroke survivor at home. In total 119 admitted patients hailed from remote villages were randomly selected from a private neurology hospital in Dhaka and were divided into two groups. One group had caregiver training and another group without training. All the patients were assessed for Barthel index at discharge and after 2 months. Barthel index in Group A during discharge was 6.2 ± 4.0 and at follow-up was 56.4 ± 9.0. The index in Group B was 4.9 ± 4 during discharge and 28.2 ± 7.8 at follow-up. Results were statistically significant. In conclusion, this study reveals the positive effects of caregiver training in the post-acute care management of stroke survivors at home.
Conduction of reparative dentin: A pulp protecting approach by indirect pulp capping in deep carious lesion with biodentine
Authors: Sultana Rafeza , Alam Md. Shamsul
Published: December 2016

This case report represents, the treatment of deep carious lesion in a male was done by using indirect pulp capping with biodentine. The clinical and radiological outcomes were evaluated. The patient was presented with mild to moderate sensitivity on thermal (cold) stimulation and discomfort associated with eating in the left mandibular first molar. The clinicoradiographical examination revealed a distoocclusal carious lesion, very close to the pulp, absence of radiolucencies in the periapical region and no periodontal space widening. Pulp sensitivity was confirmed by thermal pulp vitality test. Indirect pulp capping treatment was performed with biodentine. Following 6 months of the treatment, the clinical symptoms were resolved and a calcific bridge was found at the dentin over the pulp and biodentine interface that was indicative the evidence of reparative dentin formation.
Compound heterozygosity for hemoglobin D and hemoglobin E
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mizanur , Khan Lutfunnahar , Begum Masuda , Saha Debashish , Khan Arif Ahmed
Published: December 2016

We present two cases of compound heterozygous state for hemoglobin (Hb) D and HbE who reported to the hospital for fever and incidentally found moderate microcytic hypochromic anemia. Later on they were investigated by capillary hemoglobin electrophoresis. Capillary Hb electrophoresis revealed compound heterozygous state for hemoglobin D and hemoglobin E. On family screening, father of one patient turned out to be HbD trait and mother as HbE trait. Due to unavailability of parents and siblings of other patient, family screening was not possible. Compound or double heterozygous state for HbD and HbE is rare. There are only six published reported cases of such double heterozygous state for HbD and HbE in Southeast Asia. Marriage between third degree relatives, which are more common among Muslims as well as inter caste marriages, common in some states of India have resulted into this compound heterozygous condition. Such double heterozygous case is clinically silent as compared to HbE/beta thalassemia or HbD/beta thalassemia.
Pre-operative assessment of impacted mandibular third molar and inferior alveolar canal using orthopantomograhpy and cone beam computed tomography
Authors: Akter Mahmuda , Rahman Quazi Billur , Uddin Md. Wares , Kundu Gokul Chand , Banik Samir , Imon Ashik Abdullah
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to assess the proximity and relation of impacted mandibular third molar and inferior alveolar canal on orthopantomogram and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Sixty impacted mandibular third molars having close proximity with the  inferior alveolar canal were included. CBCT images were done to determine the exact location and relationship of impacted third molar tooth and inferior alveolar canal. We assessed the radiographic signs from orthopantomogram, the course of  inferior alveolar canal and proximity to the third molar tooth in CBCT. The buccal course of  inferior alveolar canal was most frequently detected (n=36) in CBCT findings. The impacted lower third molar roots were 55% contact with the  inferior alveolar canal and 45% separate from the canal. On orthopantomogram, the following signs were strongly correlated with actual contact: Superimposed relationship between the third molar and the inferior alveolar canal. CBCT is useful as a presurgical planning in patients with impacted mandibular third molar showing close proximity to the  inferior alveolar canal.
Nano- and microstructuring of solids by swift heavy ions
Authors: Komarov F F
Published: December 2016

We review the current stage of research of track formation processes and mechanisms in materials irradiated by swift ions. We show that the nature and morphology of tracks depend on the type and structure of the material and on the energy density transfer to its electron subsystem. Swift heavy ions serve as tools to synthesize nanoclusters and nanowires, to controllably change their morphology, and to tailor electronic, magnetic, and optical properties. The unique optical, photoelectric, and conducting properties of tracks can be used to create a new generation of electronic and optoelectronic nanosize devices. These low-dimensional objects exhibit quantum behavior and are stimulating a broad range of fundamental and applied research.
Unusual plasticity and strength of metals at ultra-short load durations
Authors: Kanel G I , Zaretsky E B , Razorenov S V , Ashitkov S I , Fortov V E
Published: December 2016

This paper briefly reviews recent experimental results on the temperature-rate dependences of flow and fracture stresses in metals under high strain rate conditions for pulsed shock-wave loads with durations from tens of picoseconds up to microseconds. In the experiments, ultimate (‘ideal’) values of the shear and tensile strengths have been approached and anomalous growth of the yield stress with temperature at high strain rates has been confirmed for some metals. New evidence is obtained for the intense dislocation multiplication immediately originating in the elastic precursor of a compression shock wave. It is found that under these conditions inclusions and other strengthening factors may have a softening effect. Novel and unexpected features are observed in the evolution of elastoplastic compression shock waves.
What the surrogate touches
Authors: Parisi David P.
Published: December 2016

A core promise of transhumanism concerns the technological extension and augmentation of the human body, where media interfaces are used to push the borders of the human outward beyond their present limits. But questions about the composition of the extended body, and the mechanisms by which its extension are enacted, remain open, as the technologies that would allow a remote user to feel fully and seamlessly embodied in a remote environment are still very much in protean form. Reading the depiction of tele-existence technologies in the 2009 science fiction film Surrogates through a haptocentric lens, this article emphasizes the significance of mediating touch to the tele-existence paradigm, reflecting on touch’s status in the overall organization of both human and transhuman theories of mediated perception.
Les premières peintures murales de l’église de Saint-André-des-Eaux (Côtes-d’Armor) : analyse archéologique d’un ensemble ornemental roman
Authors: Dupuis Mathias
Published: December 2016

Les ruines de l’ancienne église paroissiale de Saint-André-des-Eaux (Côtes-d’Armor), située à une dizaine de kilomètres au sud-est de Dinan, conservent encore les traces des premières peintures murales de l’édifice, dont la construction remonte au cours du XIe siècle. Une campagne d’étude archéologique des élévations et de sondages, conduite entre 2007 et 2008, avait pour objectif d’apporter de nouveaux éléments à la compréhension de l’édifice et de ses décors. Les résultats de ces recherches, enrichies par la découverte de plusieurs centaines de fragments d’enduits peints lors de la fouille et par l’existence de relevés et de photographies réalisés au début du XXe siècle pour le Musée des Monuments français, permettent aujourd’hui de proposer une restitution de ces décors peints et de détailler leur mise en oeuvre. La construction géométrique et polychrome de ces peintures ornementales, tout comme la technique mixte utilisée pour leur réalisation, invitent à les rattacher à une tradition picturale romane, voire préromane, que l’on retrouve dans plusieurs églises caractéristiques du «premier art roman » , dont les manifestations restent particulièrement méconnues en Bretagne. Certaines analogies avec le répertoire décoratif monumental de la seconde moitié du XIe siècle interrogent sur les parallèles entre la peinture murale et les autres techniques de la décoration murale romane (appareillages, sculpture, modénature).
Création artistique et spiritualité à Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire. La nef de l’abbatiale (vers 1160-1207)
Authors: Vergnolle Éliane
Published: December 2016

À la différence de la tour-porche du début du XIe siècle et du chevet consacré en 1107, la nef de l’abbatiale de Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire a peu retenu l’attention des chercheurs, sans doute en raison de la simplicité de son architecture. Elle a toujours été datée du milieu du XIIe siècle et considérée comme l’un des premiers exemples d’architecture gothique de l’Orléanais. L’étude de la construction, du décor sculpté et de la modénature conduit cependant à repousser la date de mise en chantier aux environs de 1160. Les travaux, d’abord menés assez activement d’est en ouest au niveau des grandes arcades, devaient ensuite être interrompus à deux reprises dans les parties hautes du vaisseau central avec, à chaque fois, une mise au goût du jour se traduisant par un agrandissement des fenêtres. L’ensemble était achevé pour la translation des reliques de saint Benoît à la croisée du transept, en 1207. L’examen archéologique montre que le portail à statues-colonnes qui s’ouvre dans la travée médiane du bas-côté nord appartient à la même phase de chantier que celle-ci, dans les années 1170-1180. On peut donc mieux apprécier désormais la place de cette oeuvre magistrale dans l’histoire des débuts de la sculpture gothique, tant du point de vue de l’iconographie, avec l’émergence d’une nouvelle sensibilité, que du style, fortement inspiré par l’Antiquité.
Chromium(II)-catalyzed enantioselective arylation of ketones
Authors: Wang Gang , Sun Shutao , Mao Ying , Xie Zhiyu , Liu Lei
Published: December 2016

The chromium-catalyzed enantioselective addition of carbo halides to carbonyl compounds is an important transformation in organic synthesis. However, the corresponding catalytic enantioselective arylation of ketones has not been reported to date. Herein, we report the first Cr-catalyzed enantioselective addition of aryl halides to both arylaliphatic and aliphatic ketones with high enantioselectivity in an intramolecular version, providing facile access to enantiopure tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ols and 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ols containing a tertiary alcohol.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CZECH INNOVATIVE COMPANIES: DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: ŽIŽKA Miroslav , VALENTOVÁ Vladimíra HOVORKOVÁ , TURČOK Lukáš
Published: December 2016

The article deals with the verification of a performance evaluation model of innovative companies in the Czech Republic and the evaluation of the impact of a branch on their performance in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. From a methodological point of view, the article is based on the use of Data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the performance of the selected companies. To evaluate their performance, a two-stage DEA method, BCC model orientated at inputs is used. In the first stage, the effectiveness of resources spent on protecting industrial property rights is evaluated. In the second stage, it is assessed how the companies managed to evaluate registered property rights in terms of added value. The research results show that among branches, there are significant differences in both the overall level of performance, and in its pillars – effectiveness and efficiency. In the conclusion, other potential factors that could affect the company’s performance in terms of effectiveness and efficiency are discussed.
THE PLANETARY GARDEN. WHERE NATURAL AND HUMAN INTERTWINE
Authors: PICO Ramón
Published: December 2016

Spring 1935. After twenty-five years of fascination for heights and six of flying, stimulating experiences, Le Corbusier published Aircraft, a real “Manifesto for a New Era”, according to his own words. Even though Vers une architecture had limited the aeronaoutic model validity to the framework of housing and easthetics ten years before, the reference then was expanded to the city and its fitting within the natural framework, to the definition of a new global habitat in which public space became the focus.The flying experience allowed him to look into the past and find the subtle balance of man and nature. Revelation and rebellion at the same time. Thanks to the new visual as well as mental perspective provided by height, he would drive his reflec-tions towards “geoarchitecture”, a definitive, Humboldtian approach to Earth.His aerial observation of the Algerian M’Zab valley or the layout of the settlements along the Paraná crystallised both into texts such as Sur les quattro routes, Aircraft or Les trois établissements humains, and a series of proposals for Rio, São Paulo, Montevideo, Buenos Aires and Algiers. Epic adventures through which, and connecting with the interest of those geographers worried about reclaiming human action on the writing on the Earth through his “establishments”, Le Corbusier tackled the configuration of a new public space beyond the limits of the traditional city, claiming for a new planetary order.
BIG DATA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING: A STATE-OF-THE-ART SURVEY
Authors: Kapliński Oleg , Košeleva Natalija , Ropaitė Guoda
Published: December 2016

Data generation has increased drastically over the past few years. Data management has also grown in importance because extracting the significant value out of a huge pile of raw data is of prime importance while making different decisions. This article reviews the concept of Big Data. The Thomson Reuters Web of Science Core Collection academic database was used to overview publications that contained “BIG DATA” keywords and were included in Web of Science Category under “Engineering”. The analysis of publications was made according to year, country, journal, authors, language and funding agency.
EDITORIAL CREATIVE THINKING AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Nikiforova Basia
Published: December 2016

"Editorial." Creativity Studies, 9(2), p. 103
MAGNETIC CYCLES IN A DYNAMO SIMULATION OF FULLY CONVECTIVE M-STAR PROXIMA CENTAURI
Authors: Yadav Rakesh K. , Christensen Ulrich R. , Wolk Scott J. , Poppenhaeger Katja
Published: December 2016

The recent discovery of an Earth-like exoplanet around Proxima Centauri has shined a spot light on slowly rotating fully convective M-stars. When such stars rotate rapidly (period ≲20 days), they are known to generate very high levels of activity that is powered by a magnetic field much stronger than the solar magnetic field. Recent theoretical efforts are beginning to understand the dynamo process that generates such strong magnetic fields. However, the observational and theoretical landscape remains relatively uncharted for fully convective M-stars that rotate slowly. Here, we present an anelastic dynamo simulation designed to mimic some of the physical characteristics of Proxima Centauri, a representative case for slowly rotating fully convective M-stars. The rotating convection spontaneously generates differential rotation in the convection zone that drives coherent magnetic cycles where the axisymmetric magnetic field repeatedly changes polarity at all latitudes as time progress. The typical length of the “activity” cycle in the simulation is about nine years, in good agreement with the recently proposed activity cycle length of about seven years for Proxima Centauri. Comparing our results with earlier work, we hypothesis that the dynamo mechanism undergoes a fundamental change in nature as fully convective stars spin down with age.
Strategiese perspektief op kerkwees
Authors: Dreyer Wim A.
Published: December 2016

No abstract available