bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Leader’s Relational Transparency on Employee Commitment in Agencies Implementing Public Financial Management Reforms in Kenya
Authors: Winnifred Njeri Gacheru
Published: April 2024

This paper addresses the influence of leader’s relational transparency on employee commitment in agencies implementing Public Financial Management Reforms (PFMRs) in Kenya. Methodically, the study was guided by the positivism research philosophy. The study applied descriptive correlational research design because it is the most appropriate as it reveals accurate information that allows for inferences through hypothesis testing. This approach was favored because it explains what is in existence and, in turn, assists in revealing new realities and meanings, thus broadening the scope of the phenomenon under study. The population of the study was 747 managers from the Kenyan PFMRs implementing agencies. This study adopted a simple random sampling technique to select 260 managers for the study. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire that was designed based on the research objectives. Both descriptive and inferential analysis were employed for analysis. The Binary logit regression model was significant with Chi-square χ² (1) = 112.350, p<.001, and the model summary result shows the Nagelkerke R square of .783. The study accepted the alternative hypothesis, which stated that leaders' relational transparency significantly influenced employee commitment among managers in agencies implementing PFMRs. From the empirical evidence and conclusion, the study recommends that organizations can establish a consistent policy for leaders to be transparent about the task and activities related to the firm. In addition, employees should be encouraged to provide honest feedback, but this can only occur if the leaders are ethical.
Interest Rate Risk and Financial Performance of Investment Banks in Kenya
Authors: Peter Onyango  , Elizabeth Kalunda
Published: April 2024

This paper addresses the ascendancy of interest rate risks on the performance of investment banks in Kenya. Methodologically the study was guided by positivist philosophy. The study applied an explanatory sequential mixed method design which allows for both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The population of the study was drawn from 16 investment banks operating in Kenya. Quantitative data was obtained from the annual financial statements of 16 investment banks operating in Kenya. The data was collected using data collection sheets for the years 2011 to 2019 to compute financial ratios. Primary data was analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis to validate the quantitative data results (using an interview guide tool) from interviewees composed of managers in the investment banks, the Exchange, and the Regulator. Both descriptive and inferential analysis methods were employed in the analysis. The regression results reveal that interest rate risk by investment banks in Kenya has a low but positive and significant influence on the financial performance of investment banks in Kenya. From the empirical evidence and conclusion, investment banks should consider leveraging bank debts to improve performance. However, this should be accompanied by enhancing effective management of interest rates by buying short-term debt instruments such as treasury bills and bonds with short-term maturities, use of financial hedging instruments including forwards, swaps, futures, and options, as well as non-financial hedging methods such as cash flow netting.
Internal Integration and Operational Performance of Kenya’s Public Hospitals
Authors: Ann Mbugua  , Timothy Okech
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this paper was to determine the influence of Internal Integration and operational performance in Kenya’s level five public hospitals, as well as the moderating effect of public procurement to the relationship. The study adopted causal and cross-sectional study design to examine the relationship between internal integration, operational performance using empirical data. One hundred sixty-four respondents drawn from the level five public hospitals participated in the research. These were selected from supply chain key personnel working in the supply by applying simple random sampling. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire that contained both open-ended and closed-ended questions and analysed. The results show a significant relationship between internal integration and operational performance (β1=0.286, p<0.05) with an R-square of 0.421, implying that 42.1% of the variation in the operational performance in level five public hospitals is attributed to changes in internal integration through responsiveness, integrated system, and real-time inventory management, online integration with internal customers, suppliers and warehouse, cross-functional teams, real-time logistics information, functional planning meetings, team building, and regular briefings. Public procurement was also found to significantly moderate the relationship between internal integration and operational performance (β2=0.378, p<0.05) of the level five public hospitals.The study recommends robust and effective internal integration by strengthening the facilities capabilities through information sharing, structuring of internal operations and process integration before they can engage in meaningful external integration.
An Evaluation of Academic Integrity and Sustainable Quality Education in Higher Learning Institutions in Kenya: Students’ Perspectives
Authors: Murumba Joan , Alari Jacklyne Okello
Published: April 2024

Education has been recognized globally as an essential weapon for attaining economic, social, and political development in any nation. Education is a fundamental tool in achieving sustainable development. Academic integrity is the act of honesty, trust, and responsibility that the academic community exhibits. Institutions of higher learning embrace an eminent institutional culture by providing quality assurance structures that take cognizance of the inputs, processes, and outputs of the entire learning process nurturing academic integrity. This is because academic integrity gives students and faculty the flexibility to develop new ideas, knowledge, and creative works while also appreciating and acknowledging others' efforts. This paper explored the question of academic integrity in the context of sustainable development in universities in Kenya. A mixed research approach and a cross-sectional design were adopted.  A total of 550 respondents were approached for the study. The authors adopted primary and secondary data collection tools to collect data from undergraduate and postgraduate students using simple random sampling. They specifically analyzed documents and collected primary data on forms of academic integrity violation, ways of engaging in academic violations, punishment, and preventive strategies for academic violations. Well-defined strategies, information literacy programmes, ethical policies, good leadership, proper guidelines, mentorship, customized technology, and authentic assessment are seen to be catalysts for promoting academic integrity. While lack of proper strategies, weak policies, fear of failure, and insufficient mentorship inhibit academic integrity standards and practices which negatively influence the acquisition of relevant soft and hard skills needed in the industry. The authors developed an academic integrity framework for consideration by universities in Kenya and beyond. These findings may be used to support relevant policy development in academic institutions. Universities may also benefit by implementing or adapting the proposed academic integrity framework.
STAKEHOLDER-INVOLVEMENT IN WATER RESOURCE RELATED CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN LAKE TURKANA BASIN OF KENYA
Authors: David Ngonge  , Elvin Nyukuri  , Kariuki Muigua
Published: April 2024

Lake Turkana is the largest permanent desert lake in the world and a crucial water source in Turkana County, sustaining thousands of livelihoods. The ethnic groups are primarily nomadic pastoralists. The region is heavily prone to perennial water resources related conflict resulting into perennial displacement of human beings and animals.  Prior studies established that perennial resource conflict is fuelled by stakeholders.  The study aimed to determine stakeholders' participation in managing water resource conflict in Kenya's Lake Turkana Basin. A descriptive research design anchored on negotiation theory was applied. A sample of 36 respondents were contacted through a structured questionnaire, Key Informant Interview (KII) schedule, observation guide and Focused Group Discussions (FGDs). The study revealed limited stakeholder exposure to conflict management and biased participation. The study concluded that stakeholder involvement and poor stakeholder identification bred water resource related conflict. In matters conflict management, the under-developed road structures and poor communication facilities make it difficult to mobilize people in the vast lake basin The study recommends broader stakeholder inclusion in future conflict management, applying Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) methods such as enhanced traditional dispute resolution mechanism, mediation and negotiation.
Education Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance of Telecommunication Companies in Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Catherine , Ouma Caren
Published: April 2024

The financial performance of telecommunication companies has witnessed a decline in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the potential influence of education CSR on the financial performance of telecommunication companies in Kenya. The total population was 6,597 employees from the three major telecommunication companies: Safaricom, Airtel Kenya, and Telkom Kenya, with 3,859, 1,694, and 1,044 employees respectively. The unit of observation was employees in top and middle-level management positions. The sample size was determined using Yamane's formula, resulting in 353 employees. Data collection employed semi-structured questionnaires. Analysis was done using SPSS version 29 software. The correlation analysis found a positive significant association between education CSR programs and financial performance (r=0.772, p=0.000). The regression analysis also found a positive significant relationship between education CSR programs and financial performance (β = 0.748, t (324) = 21.794, p<.05). The study concludes that education CSR programs can include; scholarship initiatives, educational infrastructure, and skills development. The study recommends that companies should allocate resources to provide scholarships and financial assistance to students who are in financial need, and contribute to the development of educational infrastructure through providing support to existing schools and construction of new educational institutions.
In Vitro Evaluation of Effect of Storage Time on Immunogenicity of the 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Using Baby Rabbit Complement & HL-60 Cells
Authors: Walekhwa Michael , Maiyo Fiona , Kerubo Teresa , Kipsang Fred
Published: April 2024

Background: The efficacy and effectiveness of a vaccine is influenced by several factors including storage duration. Additionally, vaccines may be sufficiently administered but functionality of antibody generated may be hampered with by other factors such as nutritional status of the patient. As such, one of the ways of assessing vaccine efficacy is assessing the functionality of the antibodies generated. The 10v-PCV is a highly effective vaccine used to prevent invasive pneumococcal diseases in children. However, here in Kenya, cases of pneumococcal diseases are high and challenging to treat. This study thus aimed to evaluate the effect of storage of PCV-10 storage time on the functionality of Abs generated.
 
Methodology; An in vitro experimental research design was employed for this study. opsonophagocytic activity assay using HL-60 Cells & Baby rabbit complement was used to assess whether or not the Pneumococci Serotype IgG antibodies elicited following administration with 10v-PCV vaccine are functional. Only 10v-PCV vaccine with same production date were procured. Twenty experimental rabbits of same gender were procured and used injected intraperitoneally with 3 doses of 100µl (0.34g) of 10v-PCV vaccine after every four weeks. Antibody functionality was then assessed using the opsonophagocytic activity assay method.
 
Results: An average of 28.9% of pneumococcus exposed to the vaccine-induced secreted antibodies were killed by the pneumococcal IgG antibody. The highest percentage of number of bacteria killed was achieved after the 3rd dose of vaccination. There was no significant influence of storage duration on opsonophagocytic activity of generated antibodies.
 
Conclusion: Storing of 10v-PCV vaccine up to 12 weeks does not significantly affect the opsonophagocytic activity of pneumococcal IgG antibodies.
Selected Leadership Styles and Corporate Governance: Literature Review on Relationship Perspective
Authors: Ouma Caren
Published: April 2024

This article provides comprehensive literature analyses of the relationship between selected contemporary/modern leadership styles and Corporate Governance (CG). Do leaders apply appropriate CG as they exercise their leadership styles?  Therefore, the paper underscores that a good leadership style embraces good CG. Selected leadership styles such as; transformational, transactional, servant, and authentic leadership, have an impact on CG on aspects such as; stakeholder rights, composition of the board of directors, shareholder’s behavior, management practices, organizational policies, and regulations. The Postulated theories of CG such as; agency theory, stewardship theory, stakeholder theory, and resource dependency theory are explored. The literature findings signify the efficacy and predominance of effective leadership styles in shaping good CG practices and the need for appropriate mechanisms that support and enhance effective leadership.
THE ROLE OF STAFF COUNSELING IN PROMOTING WORK ENGAGEMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: James Kay  , Emily Tumwet
Published: April 2024

Significant shifts in the global economy have accelerated the need for organizations to find innovative ways to address new technological, demographic and marketplace realities. These shifts have also forced institutions of higher learning in Kenya to reevaluate costs associated with talent, necessitating a need to maximize productivity with minimal work force. At Kabarak University, employees are expected to be proactive, show initiative, take responsibility for their own professional development and to be committed to high quality performance standards. These expectations place high job demands on the staff and in so doing predispose them to burnout. However, there is no comprehensive staff counseling programs aimed at helping the human resource develop their positive psychological capital that would inoculate them from psychological indisposition and thus boost work engagement for higher output. This paper explores the role of counseling in promoting work engagement and increasing productivity at Kabarak University. The article theorizes that engagement, conceptualized as the investment of an individualâ€™s complete self into a role, is a significant factor in job wellness and correlates positively with counseling. Mixed methods research was used to conduct the study. Secondary data was augmented with the participant observation data collection procedure. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis was done using SPSS 22. It was established that work engagement is a human resource concern that can be strengthened by staff counseling programs. The job specification for the professional counselors within the university precludes their active involvement with psychological welfare of staff. HRD researchers seeking to conduct original research in universities, and practitioners interested in creating greater levels of engagement in their organizations will find the discussion and implications sections valuable.
Self-Reliance Projects
Authors: John Mathenge KING'AU  , Catherine Ng'endo Munyua  , Babere K. Chacha
Published: April 2024

In Kenya today majority of the youth are out of school and not employed in the formal economy and private sector jobs are also scarce. Acknowledging this reality, the Kenyan government and other youth service organizations are learning that proper strategies need to be put in place to help youth penetrate into the formal economy. The strategies should further assist and accelerate this process while improving the short-term well-being of youth and their households. When appropriately engaged and adequately prepared for roles in the worlds of work, family life, and society, youth can be definite assets for sustainable development. However, if governments and communities disregard the huge numbers of youth with miniÂ­mal attachment to the formal sector, youth can also become a profoundly de-stabilizing force. Specifically, the absence of livelihood developÂ­ment opportunities for youth can impede a nationâ€™s development in the form of increased crime, violence, extremÂ­ism, and both social and political instability. This paper examines the self-reliance projects as a future core driver of rural youth livelihood development outcomes in Kenya. The paper is based on a study conducted to determine the effects of self-reliance projects on the livelihoods of youth in selected rural areas of Nakuru County. A descriptive survey research design was used for the study. Data was collected using interviews and questionnaires. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS where frequencies and percentages were derived. Descriptive statistics was used in providing relevant information. Findings indicate that successful rural self-reliance projects have to integrate important basic services such as entrepreneurial training; infrastructure as well as financing. The study further established that development partners enhancing youth participation in self-reliance projects should ensure substantive dialogue or the involvement of youth from the rural areas. The recommendation is that interventions designed for youth self-reliance projects must engage and support youth. Most of the youth are already economically active and focused on the imÂ­mediate needs of their households, and the rural youth desire is to realize more sustainable and socially construcÂ­tive livelihood means.
INVESTIGATION ON ENTREPRENEURIAL VIABILITY OF INDIGENOUS INNOVATIONS IN KENYA. A SURVEY OF BARINGO AND NAKURU COUNTIES ON MURSIK MILK.
Authors: Geoffrey Gitau Kamau
Published: April 2024

Indigenous  innovations  can  aid  developing  nations  embark  on  a  cumulative  path  of  positive growth by providing great opportunities to stimulate economic growth leveraged on indigenous  knowledge, cultural practices and resources residing within native communities. Mursik is milk preservation traditional technology among Kalenjin community in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya. The community is renown worldwide for producing dominant athletes in the world, especially in long distances races such as marathons. The trademark heroic welcome of these athletes is a sip of this prized Mursik. Over the years scanty businesses have attempted to market this milk in food outlets with a few also attempting to process and pack it. However, the success and commercial performance or future potential has remained unknown. This study therefore aimed at investigating on entrepreneurial viability Mursik so as to propose a framework model for its commercialization that can be generalized to other related indigenous innovations that abound in diverse communities in Kenya. Specifically, the study determined supply side characteristics, demand side characteristics, innovation€™s characteristics, and moderating effect of innovation promoters. Data was obtained using semi-structured questionnaires administered on a snow-balled sample of size of 59 accessed enterprises. However, only 35 of those enterprises completed the data collection adequately for analysis. The selected enterprises comprised caterers, hotels, foods outlets and processors where Mursik. Each provided one respondent who was the senior manager or entrepreneur of the enterprise. The findings obtained indicated that whereas there was huge supply of milk in the proximal catchment area the supply was not consistent and suppliers preferred delivering it to large milk processors who had not yet adopted Mursik as part of their line of products. Further, the consumption demand for Mursik was dominated by members of the indigenous Kalenjin community and who also preferred home brewed Murisk for better quality and its cultural associations. The innovation itself strongly possessed necessary characteristics for potential for massive adoption. It was also found to elicit a lot of interest with new users who were willing to try it. However, the knowledge and technology transfer capacity was very constraining. The traditional production process was also inevitably slow and would not be consistent with rapid production process associated with most milk products in fast moving consumer goods. The researcher therefore recommends an experimental study on technology improvement to enable rapid production and yet maintain quality and value attributed to the original Mursik product, and also determination of means of value packaging, promotion and distribution beyond the traditional users of the product.
Perspektif Islam terhadap Program Bayi Tabung: Etika, Hukum, dan Hak Waris
Authors: Ahmad Sofyan Fauzi  , Dinda Difia Madina  , M. Rosyid Irfan Alfani
Published: April 2024

Fertilization (IVF) program, especially in the context of ethics, law and inheritance rights. By exploring religious texts and the views of ulama, this research discusses ethical considerations related to the use of artificial reproductive technology in Islam as well as legal interpretations related to its implementation. Apart from that, this research also reviews how Islamic inheritance law regulates the position of children born through IVF. The research method used is the qualitative descriptive method which allows researchers to describe phenomena or research topics in depth, without requiring quantitative measurements. The results of this research show that several ulama' consider the IVF program to be controversial because it is considered to violate natural law or Sunnatullah and is associated with the practice of adultery. However, fatwas from the MUI and NU guide the halalness of the IVF procedure by taking into account religious values ​​and the needs of married couples. In Indonesia, the implementation of this program is regulated by Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 concerning Health and the MUI fatwa which allows the use of sperm and ovum from legal husband and wife couples. The legal status of children resulting from IVF refers to the Civil Code and Law Number 1 of 1974, with legal recognition depending on the use of donor sperm and surrogate mother. Children born through IVF using the husband's sperm are considered legitimate children with inheritance rights, while inheritance laws for children using donor sperm and surrogate mothers require further consideration.
Seyyed Hossein Nasr: Kritik Islam atas Sekularism Lingkungan
Authors: Agung Pratama Dharma  , Saldan Manufa
Published: April 2024

This article aims to understand Islam's critique of environmental secularism using the thoughts of Seyyed Hussein Nasr. This research is based on qualitative methods with library research. The purpose of using this type of research is to be able to more easily map the topic under study based on literature sources. The main argument in this article is that the presence of the secularism paradigm in the modern era not only creates a spiritual crisis, but also an ecological crisis. Islam with the teachings of moral wisdom contained in the Koran makes a value to minimize environmental damage. The results of the research show that the environmental crisis is an urgent problem for the whole world, including Indonesia. The presence of the modern era with its secular paradigm gave birth to an understanding of the environment that has no sacred value and is only an object of domination for humans. With this understanding there are various environmental crises such as deforestation, plastic waste, air pollution, excessive land use by investors and polluted water. So that it is necessary to build awareness of metaphysical understanding that humans and the environment (universe) are one unit.
Uji Kualitatif Kandungan Rhodamin-B Dalam Saus Sambal Yang Beredar Di Pasar Baru (Regional) Mamuju
Authors: Oileri Tikirik Wita , Afdaliah Zulfah , Nur Akbar , Tarnoto Tenny , Sahrianti S Nini
Published: April 2024

Rhodamin- B berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia karena sifat kimia dan kandungan logam beratnya.Rhodamin-B mengandung senyawa klorin (Cl). Senyawa klorin merupakan senyawa halogen yang berbahaya dan reaktif jika tertelan maka senyawa ini akan berusaha mencapai kestabilan di dalam tubuh dengan cara mengikat senyawa lain dalam tubuh, hal inilah yang bersifat racun bagi tubuh.penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengujian di laboratorium menggunakan test kit Rhodamin-B untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya kandungan Rhodamin-B pada saus sambal yang beredar di pasar baru mamuju.hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 4 sampel saus sambal yang beredar di baru (Regional) Mamuju dinyatakan tidak mengandung Rhodamin-B. Disarankan penelitian selanjututnya ini dapat diteliti dengan metode pengujian lebih lanjut yaitu uji kuantitatif.
Exploring the Current Status of the Rehabilitation and Welfare Programs for Women with Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Bharadwaj Yatheesh , Koujalgi Sateesh R
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Mental illness is a pervasive public health concern affecting a significant portion of the global population, with women facing distinct challenges due to gender disparities and societal factors. This paper explores the specific hurdles encountered by mentally ill women, particularly in developing countries like India, where misconceptions, legal vulnerabilities, and lack of support programs exacerbate their vulnerability. Homelessness further compounds these challenges, with a substantial proportion of homeless individuals grappling with mental health disorders. Efforts to address these issues include government initiatives to establish specialized wards and rehabilitation homes for mentally ill homeless women, alongside welfare programs aimed at providing financial assistance and job opportunities. However, gaps persist in the availability and utilization of rehabilitation services, particularly for women. By prioritizing mental health literacy, reducing stigma, and integrating gender-responsive strategies into policies and programs, we can strive towards a future where mental health is prioritized, and all individuals, regardless of gender, have the opportunity to thrive.
Exploration of the implementation of project-based learning in technical drawing courses toward
Authors: Fitra Rizki , Prasetya Febri , Adri Junil
Published: April 2024

The instruction of Manufacturing Technical Drawings remains predominantly teacher-centered, lacking diversity in methodologies, thereby causing students to perceive the subject as challenging. This challenge primarily stems from their struggles in comprehending CAD drawing concepts, interpreting existing drawings, and understanding the functionalities of tools in the AutoCAD application, as outlined in the job sheet. Consequently, students' learning achievements fall short of the minimum passing standards SMK Negeri 1 Tanjung Raya set. This research aims to evaluate the impact of project-based learning on learning outcomes in manufacturing technical drawings and assess the quality of instructional tools employed. The study involves two groups, experimental and control groups, selected through cluster random sampling. Data collection includes pretests administered before the instructional intervention and post-tests conducted after both groups receive different treatments. Results reveal that students in the experimental group attain significantly higher average scores than the control group, indicating a substantial influence of project-based learning on learning outcomes. This approach enhances students' understanding, engagement, and critical thinking abilities within the subject area.
The Potential of Blockchain Technology for Creating Decentralized Identity Systems: Technical Capabilities and Legal Regulation
Authors: Rodionov Andrey
Published: April 2024

Decentralized identity systems based on blockchain technology have emerged as a promising solution to the limitations and challenges of traditional centralized identity management. This research explores the potential of blockchain for creating secure, transparent, and user-centric identity systems, focusing on the technical capabilities and legal implications. Through a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews, the study examines the core components of decentralized identity, such as self-sovereign identity and verifiable credentials, and compares them with centralized approaches. The research highlights the benefits of decentralized identity, including enhanced privacy, user control, and efficiency, while also identifying the regulatory gaps and proposing ways to address them. The study concludes that the successful implementation of decentralized identity systems requires a collaborative effort among stakeholders, considering both technical and legal aspects. The findings contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of identity management and provide practical recommendations for organizations seeking to adopt decentralized identity solutions.
Emerging Challenges in Privacy Protection with Advancements in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Joshi Navmi
Published: April 2024

The proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in various sectors raises significant privacy concerns, demanding a nuanced understanding and strategic approach to privacy protection. This article delves into the intricate challenges of safeguarding privacy in the age of AI, exploring the dynamic interplay between technological advancements and privacy norms. With AI's capacity for extensive data collection and analysis, privacy risks escalate, highlighting the necessity for transparent and ethical data practices. Through examining case studies and regulatory responses, the article underscores the critical role of decentralized AI platforms and robust legal frameworks in ensuring privacy. It advocates for a collaborative effort among stakeholders to balance AI's benefits against privacy rights, aiming for a future where AI technologies are developed and deployed responsibly, with a steadfast commitment to upholding individual privacy and dignity.
Constitutional Safeguards for Digital Rights and Privacy
Authors: AllahRakha Naeem
Published: April 2024

The digital rights and privacy protections are emerging human rights concerns in the digital age. Uzbekistan's newly enacted constitution provides a general framework for civil liberties, but lacks specificity regarding digital contexts. This research examines the effectiveness of Uzbekistan's constitutional safeguards for digital rights and privacy, and identifies potential areas for improvement. The aim is to ensure robust protections aligned with international norms. A qualitative methodology analyzes constitutional provisions, legislation through doctrinal review and phenomenological approaches. Results reveal significant gaps in areas like data protection, consent requirements, and oversight of state surveillance compared to frameworks like the EU's GDPR. Recommendations include constitutional amendments explicitly guaranteeing digital rights, an independent data protection authority, enhanced enforcement mechanisms, and legal reforms codifying principles of data minimization and individual control over personal information. Implementing such measures is crucial for Uzbekistan to uphold digital rights, promote trust in the digital ecosystem, and contribute to preserving human dignity and autonomy in the digital era.
EVALUATION OF SCIENCE LEARNING IN MIDDLE SCHOOLS: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Fitriani Riska , Saputra Sendi Okta , Javed Muhammad Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Learning evaluation is an activity to collect data and information about students' learning abilities, to assess the extent to which the learning program has been running, and also as a tool to determine whether educational goals and learning processes in developing knowledge have progressed as they are. Science assessments can be carried out in the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains. This assessment provides space for students who tend to have non-academic weaknesses in science subject skills. This research was used to obtain information regarding the scope of evaluation of junior high school students' science learning. The review method was chosen to obtain research journals with the keywords scope of evaluation of junior high school science learning on reference sources Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct, research gate, and publish or parish. 25 journals were reviewed based on author (year), research design, scope of evaluation, and findings. The results of the review show that the scope of learning evaluation can be carried out based on the context that wants to be assessed, such as the scope of the cognitive domain, affective domain and psychomotor domain. The scope of learning evaluation in the cognitive domain can be in the form of observation and understanding, the affective domain can be in the form of responses given by students as long as the teacher provides knowledge and the psychomotor domain in the form of skills assessment rubrics such as doing practical work after being given theory by the teacher.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF MOTIVATION AND PHYSICS LEARNING OUTCOMES USING THE LEARNING CYCLE 5E MODEL
Authors: Oktavia Widia Dina , Rini Endah Febri Setiya , Boddu Satya Spandana
Published: April 2024

Motivation to learn is an important point that students must have so that learning becomes enjoyable. This research aims to determine the relationship between learning motivation and physics learning outcomes after using the 5E learning cycle model. The type of research used is quantitative research. The sample for this research was students of class XI Science from one of the high schools in Jambi City. Data collection techniques include learning motivation questionnaires and test instruments regarding temperature and heat. The data analysis technique in this research uses the IBM SPSS Version 22 application. Based on the results of data analysis in this study, the significance value between learning motivation and student learning outcomes was obtained, namely 0.002, where 0.002 < 0.05, so it can be stated that Ho is rejected and there is a relationship between Learning Motivation and Student Learning Outcomes in Physics learning. The conclusion from the results of this research is that there is a relationship between motivation and students' physics learning outcomes after the teacher uses the 5E learning cycle model.
NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT OF SOLAR RECEIVER TUBE OF PARABOLIC TROUGH COLLECTOR USING FIBERFRAX 140 COATED WITH AL
2O
3
Authors: Isah M. Z. , Abioye A. M. , Fachway A. A.
Published: April 2024

Parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) play a vital role in solar-thermal energy conversion, with the absorber tube being central to heat collection efficiency. This study investigates the potential for improving heat transfer within the PTC absorber tube using Fiberfrax 140 coated with Al
2O
3 as a novel reflector material. The research is driven by the ongoing pursuit of enhanced PTC performance. A standard modeling approach was employed, utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis with SolidWorks Flow Simulation software, coupled with solar simulations to assess collector performance under varying conditions. Environmental parameters of Bauchi such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet). Optimization techniques were implemented to establish the optimal design configuration. The optimal design parameters were determined as a focal length of 700mm and a rim angle of 90°. Simulations were conducted daily from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM, encompassing the period of January to June. A mass flow rate of 0.2 kg/s, informed by existing literature, was employed in the simulations. The results indicate improved collector performance throughout the simulated period, with peak thermal efficiency ranging from70%to82%.
Strategic Management in Improving the Quality of Education in Madrasah Dta Al-Ishlahul Athfal Cirebon
Authors: Luthfiah Luthfiah , Misbakhul Munir Muhammad , Saifuddin Saifuddin , Kholipah Siti Ainul
Published: April 2024

The achievement of quality education will not succeed without the right strategy for improving the quality of all components in an educational institution. This study aims to reveal and analyse the natural background, analysis of internal and external conditions, implementation and evaluation of strategic management, and the results achieved from implementing strategic management in improving the quality of education in Madrasah DTA Al-Ishlahul Athfal Cirebon. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results of strategic management research in improving the quality of education in Madrasah DTA Al-Ishlahul Athfal Cirebon consist of four stages: environmental analysis, formulation, implementation, and evaluation. Environmental analysis is carried out by internal analysis covering strengths and weaknesses and external analysis covering opportunities and threats. The conclusion of this study is strategic management in improving the quality of education carried out by Madrasah DTA Al-Ishlahul Athfal Cirebon, namely by carrying out several stages as follows. The stage of analysis of the internal and external environment, formulation of strategic management, implementation of strategic management, evaluation of strategic management and results of strategic management.
Development of Biomass Derived Adsorbents using Wood Apple Pulp for the Removal of Contaminants
Authors: S. Raj Surabhi , Thanekar, Pooja , Balapure, Kshama , M. Bhandari Vinay
Published: April 2024

This study involves the development of biomass derived adsorbents from wood apple pulp for water and wastewater treatment. This biomass was modified by the addition of commercially available activated charcoal and copper nanoparticles. Adsorbent characterization was performed for understanding the surface morphology and surface area. These new adsorbents were further evaluated for their potentiality in removing dyes and API pollutants (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient). All the adsorbents were highly effective in the removal of these contaminants, 96% of Malachite Green and 72% of Congo Red was removed with a high adsorption capacity of 45 mg/g. API pollutant (Ciprofloxacin) removal showed 52% removal, which is greater when compared to several modified adsorbents. Adsorption equilibrium models (Langmuir and Freundlich) and kinetic models (pseudo first order and pseudo second order) were evaluated for fit of the experimental data. In general, the isotherm studies indicated multilayer adsorption.
Removal of crystal violet, an emerging pollutant from aqueous solution using biochar prepared from coconut shell
Authors: Rodrigues Jonty , Shetye Sugandha , Raju Sheba
Published: April 2024

Crystal violet is an emerging pollutant which may be transferred into water bodies and does not have any established guidelines for detection. Biochar, a material derived from the partial pyrolysis of biomass, exhibits remarkable potential in removing organic contaminants like crystal violet due to its porous structure. In this study coconut shell powder was subjected to pyrolysis at four distinct temperatures to obtain biochar samples. Proximate analysis was performed for all the biochar samples obtained. The sample were characterised using FTIR, SEM and XRD. Kinetics and isotherm studies were performed on the biochar to determine the mechanism of adsorption and maximum removal capacity. As the pyrolysis temperature increased the pH and ash content increased, the yield of biochar decreased. The biochar prepared at 700 °C showed the best adsorption capacity among all the prepared biochar samples. Response surface methodology suggested the optimum dosage of biochar required is 210 mg at a concentration of 12 ppm. The adsorption process adhered to second-order kinetics, and the maximum adsorption capacity, according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, was determined to be 124.5 mg.g-1
Comparing The Catalytic Activity of Mg-BTC Metal Organic Framework and Post Synthetically Modified (TiO2 @ Mg-BTC) Metal Organic Framework for Cyanosilylation of Aldehydes
Authors: Santhana Laxmi S. , Usha Nandhini K.
Published: April 2024

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are an emerging class of porous crystalline hybrid materials synthesised by the coordination of inorganic connectors and organic linkers, which has numerous potential applications in various fields. Here we report a comparative study on Mg-BTC MOF and TiO @Mg-BTC MOF as a heterogeneous catalyst. Mg-BTC MOF was synthesised by solvothermal method and subjected to comparative study with its post synthetically modified (PSM) counterpart to understand their catalytic behaviour for cyanosilylation of aldehydes. The synthesised Mg-BTC MOF and TiO @Mg-BTC MOF were characterised by powder XRD, BET surface area, SEM, FT-IR, TGA techniques. A detailed characterization study was performed to understand the correlation between catalytic activity and morphology of the assynthesized MOF and PSM-MOF. The catalytic activity of the hybrid materials were evaluated by GC-MS analysis. The results of the catalytic reactions revealed that post synthetically modified (TiO @Mg-BTC) MOF exhibited significantly higher catalytic activity compared to Mg-BTC MOF. The enhanced catalytic efficiency is due to the incorporation of TiO nanoparticles, which provides active sites for catalytic reactions under heterogeneous conditions. Even after repeated recycling and reuse, the catalytic ability of the catalyst retains. The impact of TiO on the framework shows variation in texture, surface area, thermal stability and catalytic behaviour on the MOF materials. Thus, our study emphasizes
Analysis Of Bearing Capacity Of Pile Foundations Using Analytical Method And Finite Element Method
Authors: Nurjanah Ayu
Published: April 2024

The foundation is the lower part of a structure used as a load distributor for loads generated. The selection of foundation types in building construction must consider the type and characteristics of the soil at the construction site to avoid construction failures. This analysis is conducted to determine the bearing capacity of pile foundations using analytical and finite element methods. The type of foundation used in this analysis is a pile foundation with a pile length of 8 meters and a pile diameter of 0.4 meters. For the analytical calculation, Standard Penetration Test (SPT) data obtained from PT. Adhi Karya (Persero) for the Infrastructure Green House Biodiversity LIPI Cibinong-Bogor project are used, employing the analytical method (Alpha Method) and the finite element method with the assistance of Plaxis 2D V.8 software. The results of the analysis show that the bearing capacity of the group pile foundation (Qg) for a pile diameter of 0.4 meters and a pile length of 8 meters on clayey soil, based on SPT data using the analytical method (Alpha Method), is 60.432 tons. Meanwhile, the bearing capacity of the horizontal pile foundation using the Broms method is 6.03 tons. The bearing capacity obtained using the Finite Element Method yields an ultimate load on the group pile (Qq) of 57.89 tons. The bearing capacity of the group pile foundation (Qg) from both sets of data, with a difference of 2.5%, meets the requirement, being greater than the axial load (P) of 42.6 tons that must be supported.
Pengaruh Motivasi Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru(Study Kasus Pada Bakong Pittaya School, Thailand)
Authors: Izzati Fitri Rahma , Candra Nurhayati Eni , Effendi Bahtiar
Published: April 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari motivasi, disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru di Bakong Pittaya School, Thailand yang berjumlah 74 guru dan seluruhnya menjadi sampel. Alat yang digunakan untuk mengolah data adalah SPSS versi 25. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah motivasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru, Disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru.
Analisis Hubungan Tingkat Pencahayaan, Reflektansi, dan Kekontrasan Area Kerja terhadap Keluhan Eye Strain pada Karyawan Office di PT. X Tahun 2023
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Fadhila Afni , Tejamaya Mila ,   Universitas Indonesia
Published: April 2024

Eye strain is a condition where the eyes are strained due to prolonged overuse, especially in computer-based activities. NIOSH states that about 75 - 90% of computer users who spend three hours or more complaining of visual impairment. A study by Kowalska et al (2011) on office workers who use computers intensely stated that the prevalence of eye strain in female workers was 50,7% and in men was 32,6%. This study aims to determine the relationship between illuminance, reflectance, and work area contrast on eye strain complaints in office employees at PT. X. This research was conducted from April - June 2023 with a total sample of 134 employees by simple random sampling. The design used in this research is cross-sectional and data collection is carried out by distributing questionnaires, which were adopted from Haeny (2009) and Ramadhani (2012), and direct measurements using a lux meter. Results showed that there were 113 employees (84,3%) complaining of eye strain with the most common symptom felt by them was tension in the neck and shoulders (43,3%) and the least common symptom was pain in the eyelids (8,2%). The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between illuminance (p-value = 0,000), reflectance (p-value = 0,001), contrast (p-value = 0,027), work duration (p-value = 0,000), and age (p-value = 0,022), but there was no relationship between visual impairment (p-value = 0,749) and history of eye health problems (p-value = 0,918) to eye strain complaints.