bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A phase III comparative study of nivolumab (anti-PD-1; BMS-936558; ONO-4538) versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated advanced or metastatic squamous cell non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: Borghaei Hossein , Lynch Thomas James , Rizvi Naiyer A. , Chow Laura Quan Man , Reilly Robert , Crinò Lucio , Buyse Marc E. , Ezzeddine Rana , Lestini Brian Joseph , Brahmer Julie R.
Published: March 2020

TPS8122

Background: NSCLC is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, exceeding breast, colon and prostate cancer combined. Most patients (pts) are diagnosed with advanced/recurrent disease. NSCLC therapies have incrementally improved overall survival (OS), but benefit has reached a plateau (median OS for late stage pts is just 1 yr). Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents one quarter of NSCLC cases and has limited treatment options. Pemetrexed and bevacizumab are not approved in SCC, and molecularly targeted therapies have limited application. Single-agent chemotherapy is standard of care following progression with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (Pt-doublet), resulting in median OS of approximately 7 months. Immune checkpoint blockade in NSCLC may promote tumor regression by reversing tumor-induced immunosuppression and restoring the antitumor immune response. Programmed death-1 (PD-1), an immune checkpoint receptor that negatively regulates T-cell activation, is upregulated in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes; expression of its ligand PD-L1 has been associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC. Nivolumab, a PD-1 receptor blocking antibody, showed encouraging antitumor activity in SCC pts in a phase 1 study, with objective responses (ORs) in 4 pts (27%) and stable disease ≥24 weeks in 1 pt (7%) (3 mg/kg; n=15) (Gettinger S et al; ESMO 2012 [Abstr 1237PD]). We describe an ongoing open-label phase 3 study to compare the clinical benefit of nivolumab vs docetaxel in advanced/metastatic SCC pts following failure of Pt-doublet. Methods: A total of 264 pts will be randomized 1:1 to nivolumab monotherapy 3 mg/kg IV every 2 weeks or docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Pts will be stratified by prior paclitaxel use and geographic region. Tumor response will be assessed using modified RECIST 1.1. The co-primary objectives are OR rate and OS. Secondary objectives include progression free survival, clinical benefit in PD ligand 1 (PD-L1+) and PD-L1– subgroups (archived tissue required for entry), durability of and time to OR, and pt proportion with symptom improvement. Clinical trial information: NCT01642004.
Phase III study of brentuximab vedotin plus doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (A+AVD) versus doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) as front-line treatment for advanced classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).
Authors: Younes Anas , Radford John , Ansell Stephen Maxted , Gallamini Andrea , Kim Won Seog , Feldman Tatyana A. , Hamadani Mehdi , Chung Jeanenne , Wang Jingyuan , Huebner Dirk , Connors Joseph M.
Published: March 2020

TPS8612

Background: Brentuximab vedotin, a CD30-targeted antibody-drug conjugate, has conditional approval in Europe for relapsed/refractory (RR) CD30-positive HL following autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) or following ≥2 prior therapies when ASCT or multi-agent chemotherapy is not a treatment option. ABVD, a common front-line regimen for advanced HL, achieves complete response (CR) rates of 70–80%. However, 10–20% of patients (pts) are refractory to front-line treatment and up to 35% relapse after front-line multi-modality therapy. In pts with relapsed HL post-ASCT, single-agent brentuximab vedotin yields an objective response rate of 75% (CR, 33%; Chen ASH 2012). In a phase 1 study in treatment-naïve HL pts, A+AVD was associated with manageable toxicity and a CR rate of 96%; brentuximab vedotin + ABVD was contraindicated due to pulmonary toxicity (Ansell ASH 2012). We hypothesized that substituting bleomycin with brentuximab vedotin would eliminate bleomycin-associated pulmonary toxicity and improve progression-free survival (PFS) compared to a standard ABVD regimen. Methods: This ongoing, open-label, randomized, multicenter study (NCT01712490) will compare A+AVD vs ABVD in 1040 pts with stage III/IV classical HL. Primary endpoint: modified (m) PFS (death, progression, and receipt of chemotherapy or radiotherapy by pts not in CR after completing A+AVD or ABVD will count as progression event). Key secondary endpoint: overall survival. Key inclusion criteria: histologically-confirmed previously untreated stage III/IV classical HL. Pts will be stratified by region and International Prognostic Score, and will be randomized 1:1 to receive A+AVD (brentuximab vedotin 1.2 mg/kg with each dose of AVD) or ABVD administered intravenously on Days 1 and 15 of 28-day cycles, for up to 6 cycles. Disease status and survival will be evaluated regularly until study closure. Safety assessments: incidence and severity of adverse events, changes to physical and laboratory tests. Clinical trial information: NCT01712490.
Social Democracy and the Problem of Equality: Economic Analysis and Political Argument in the United Kingdom
Authors: Tomlinson James
Published: March 2020

In the context of the recent spread of public and academic concern with economic inequality, this paper examines the evolution of British social democratic thinking about inequality, linking this evolution to the changing debates within economics on this issue. The discussion of the economics of inequality focusses upon the pivotal figure of Tony Atkinson, the most important British economic theorist of inequality, but also an important figure in policy debate since the 1970s.
Pain after uterine artery embolization with intrauterine device in situ
Authors: Chua Katherine Jane , McLucas Bruce
Published: March 2020

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive option for females with symptomatic leiomyomas. Studies detailing a possible risk with an intrauterine device (IUD) in situ during UAE are limited. A 43-year-old female (Gravida 2, Para 2) underwent UAE with an IUD in situ. On post-procedure day 2, the patient presented with severe lower abdominal pain and mild leukocytosis. Following removal of her IUD, the patient experienced immediate pain relief. Caution is given to clinicians who wish to perform UAE with an IUD in situ.
«Διδακτική της τοπικής ιστορίας της αρχαίας Κορίνθου: διαθεματική προσέγγιση με βιωματικό χαρακτήρα στο πλαίσιο της διδακτικής μεθοδολογίας και πράξης»
Authors: Βασιλείου-Δαμβέργης Αλέξανδρος-Νεκτάριος Ιω
Published: March 2020

Στόχος της παρούσας εισήγησης ένα συγκροτημένο μοντέλο διδακτικής της τοπικής ιστορίας της Κορίνθου, το οποίο μπορεί να υλοποιηθεί στη Γ΄ γυμνασίου των τοπικών γυμνασίων του νομού Κορινθίας. Η οργάνωση του μαθήματος προβλέπει συγκρότηση πλάνου, συγγραφή πειραματικού σχολικού εγχειριδίου, προετοιμασία του μαθήματος στη σχολική τάξη και εμπέδωσή του με βιωματικές δράσεις στο χώρο του σχολείου και στους αρχαιολογικούς χώρους. Κορυφαία εκδήλωση θα είναι η παρουσίαση της τοπικής ιστορίας σε πολιτιστικές εκδηλώσις των τοπικών δήμων.
Ανασκόπηση της νομοθεσίας των Πειραματικών Σχολείων στην Ελλάδα
Authors: Δρογγίτης Αναστάσιος
Published: March 2020

Τα τελευταία χρόνια αναπτύσσεται συζήτηση σχετικά με το ρόλο των Πειραματικών Σχολείων. Λέγεται ότι τα Πειραματικά Σχολεία, δεν εκπληρώνουν τους στόχους για τους οποίους δημιουργήθηκαν και είναι ελιτίστικα σχολεία που απευθύνονται σε συγκεκριμένα κοινωνικά στρώματα.Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η περιγραφή και συγκριτική θεώρηση των σκοπών, των γενικών στόχων και των επιμέρους διατάξεων των νομοθετημάτων που αφορούν τα Πειραματικά Σχολεία στην Ελλάδα από την ίδρυσή τους το 1929 έως σήμερα, με έμφαση στις δυο κύριες μεταρρυθμίσεις του 1929 (Κυβέρνηση Βενιζέλου) και του 2011 (Κυβέρνηση Παπανδρέου).Αξίωμα και «μοντέλο ανάλυσης» αποτελεί η επιστημονική θέση ότι οι εκπαιδευτικές μεταρρυθμίσεις δεν είναι ανεξάρτητες από τους κοινωνικοοικονομικούς, πολιτισμικούς και πολιτικούς παράγοντες της ιστορικής στιγμής που συμβαίνουν. Πρόκειται για μια συγκριτική εργασία που επιχειρεί, με αφετηρία τις εκπαιδευτικές μεταρρυθμίσεις που εφαρμόστηκαν στα Πειραματικά Σχολεία και τη συσχέτισή τους με το κοινωνικό οικονομικό και το γενικότερο εκπαιδευτικό τοπίο, να διερευνήσει τους στόχους που τίθενται κάθε φορά για το ρόλο των Πειραματικών Σχολείων, τη διοίκηση, τους εκπαιδευτικούς, τους μαθητές, τη σχολική γνώση σε αυτά. Η συγκριτική θεώρηση της νομοθεσίας των Πειραματικών Σχολείων οδηγεί στην βαθύτερη κατανόηση του τρόπου λειτουργίας των Πειραματικών Σχολείων και αποτελεί χρήσιμο εργαλείο για την διατύπωση, εναλλακτικών προτάσεων.
Διαταραχή προκλητικής εναντίωσης και επιθετική συμπεριφορά σε έγκλειστους ανηλίκους με παραβατική συμπεριφορά
Authors: Ζαχαρογέωργα Τιμόκλεια , Παπαδάτος Γιάννης , Αντωνίου Σταμάτης , Πολυχρόνη Φωτεινή
Published: March 2020

ΠερίληψηΗ διεθνής έρευνα και εμπειρία επισημαίνει την αύξηση της νεανικής παραβατικότητας στην Ευρώπη, καταδεικνύοντας τις καταστροφικές συνέπειες που έχει το πρόβλημα για τον ίδιο τον παραβάτη και το κοινωνικό σύνολο. Τονίζει την αναποτελεσματικότητα των σωφρονιστικών προγραμμάτων και την αναγκαιότητα σχεδιασμού παρεμβάσεων που λαμβάνουν υπόψη τα ψυχοκοινωνικά χαρακτηριστικά των ανήλικων παραβατών, τα οποία ενισχύουν και συντηρούν την παραβατική συμπεριφορά. Αναγνωρίζοντας την περιορισμένη μελέτη του προβλήματος στον ελληνικό χώρο, η παρούσα έρευνα στοχεύει στη διερεύνηση των εξωτερικευμένων προβλημάτων που εμφανίζουν οι ανήλικοι παραβάτες, όπως αυτά ταξινομούνται και περιγράφονται στο σύστημα Achenbach για Εμπειρικά Βασισμένη Αξιολόγηση (ΣΑΕΒΑ). Η έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε στο πλαίσιο εκτενέστερης ερευνητικής εργασίας τον Απρίλιο του 2013 στα γυμνάσια της Ελλάδας που λειτουργούν μέσα σε φυλακές. Το δείγμα αποτέλεσαν 45 μαθητές αρσενικού φύλου ηλικίας 16-19 ετών και οι 20 καθηγητές των σχολείων. Για τη συλλογή των δεδομένων χρησιμοποιήθηκε το ερωτηματολόγιο για εφήβους του συστήματος Achenbach (ASEBA/YSR) και αυτοσχέδιο ερωτηματολόγιο/συνέντευξη για τους εκπαιδευτικούς. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας οι ανήλικοι κρατούμενοι παρουσιάζουν σε υψηλά ποσοστά επιθετική και παραβατική συμπεριφορά, προβλήματα τα οποία δεν αντιμετωπίζονται κατά την άποψη των εκπαιδευτικών ούτε από το σχολείο ούτε από το σωφρονιστικό ίδρυμα. Με βάση τα συμπεράσματα προτείνεται τα προγράμματα αποκατάστασης και επανένταξης των παραβατικών μαθητών να περιλαμβάνουν στοχευμένες παρεμβάσεις για την πρόληψη και την αποτελεσματική αντιμετώπιση της επιθετικότητας και της διαταραχής διαγωγής.
« Η κυριαρχία βίαιων σκηνών σε τηλεοπτικές σειρές κινουμένων σχεδίων για παιδιά»
Authors: Papageorgiou Konstantina
Published: March 2020

Το θέμα της επιθετικότητας αποτελεί πεδίο έντονου προβληματισμού και αντιθέσεων στον χώρο της ψυχολογίας και των ανθρωπιστικών επιστημών γενικότερα. Ανάλογα με τη θεωρητική προσέγγιση, έχουν διατυπωθεί διαφορετικές και αντιφατικές θέσεις για τη φύση και την προέλευση της επιθετικότητας. Η επιθετική συμπεριφορά είναι ένα από τα πιο συνηθισμένα προβλήματα στην παιδική ηλικία και ένας από τους πιο συχνούς λόγους παραπομπής σε συμβουλευτικά κέντρα.Ένα παιδί χαρακτηρίζεται ως «επιθετικό» όταν ο συνήθης τρόπος αντίδρασής του προς τους άλλους είναι βίαιος και καταστροφικός. Το φαινόμενο της βίας και της επιθετικότητας περιλαμβάνει ένα σύνολο δραστηριοτήτων και ενεργειών που έχουν ως συνέπεια τον φυσικό ή ψυχικό πόνο και τραυματισμό των ανθρώπων που δρουν σε ένα κοινωνικό περιβάλλον ή ακόμη και την πρόκληση ζημιών σε αντικείμενα κάθε χώρου. Μερικές βασικές αιτίες εμφάνισης της επιθετικής συμπεριφοράς μεταξύ άλλων εντοπίζονται στην οικογένεια, στον κλονισμό του συστήματος αξιών και κανόνων, στις δυσμενείς συνθήκες που επικρατούν στον ευρύτερο κοινωνικό χώρο, στις επιδράσεις που δέχεται κανείς στο πλαίσιο των φίλων, της ομάδας, των «σημαντικών άλλων», αλλά πολύ περισσότερο και στις επιδράσεις των Μ.Μ.Ε. μέσω των προγραμμάτων και των προτύπων που προβάλλουν.Στην παρούσα εισήγηση θα παρουσιαστεί συνοπτικά το εννοιολογικό πλαίσιο της επιθετικότητας. Σε αυτό περιλαμβάνεται ο ορισμός, οι μορφές που παίρνει στην καθημερινότητα η επιθετικότητα και οι παράγοντες που συμβάλλουν στην εκδήλωση του φαινομένου. Τέλος, θα αναλυθούν ενδεικτικά ορισμένες σειρές κινουμένων σχεδίων για παιδιά που προβάλλουν σκηνές βίας με άμεσο ή έμμεσο τρόπο.
Η συμβολή των νέων τεχνολογιών στην εκπαίδευση των ατόμων με αναπηρία και τη διαμόρφωση της αυτοεικόνας τους
Authors: Τερζοπούλου Θεοδώρα
Published: March 2020

Στη σύγχρονη εποχή, οι νέες τεχνολογίες παρουσιάζουν ραγδαία ανάπτυξη και συμβάλλουν θετικά σε πολλούς τομείς δραστηριοποίησης των πολιτών. Πιο συγκεκριμένα όμως, φαίνεται ότι σε μεγάλο βαθμό ενθαρρύνουν την ομαλή εκπαίδευση των ατόμων με αναπηρία, εφόσον προωθούν την εναλλακτική μαθησιακή διαδικασία.Ο σκοπός της έρευνας ήταν να αναδείξει τους τρόπους με τους οποίους η τεχνολογία επιδρά στην αποτελεσματική μάθηση και την εκπαίδευση των ατόμων με αναπηρία, όπως και να μελετήσει τις συνέπειες της επίδρασης αυτής στην ανάπτυξη της αυτοεικόνας τους σε σχέση με τον τρόπο που αντιμετωπίζονται από τους φορείς της εκπαίδευσης.Η μέθοδος της έρευνας που διεξήχθη ήταν ποσοτική, καθώς το δείγμα που αποτέλεσαν μαθητές που φοιτούν στην πρωτοβάθμια και δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση, κλήθηκε να απαντήσει σε ερωτηματολόγια τα οποία ήταν προσανατολισμένα στον σκοπό της έρευνας.  Τα ευρήματα ανέδειξαν κυρίαρχες μορφές νέων τεχνολογιών που εφαρμόζονται κατά τη διδασκαλία στις βαθμίδες που αναφέρθηκαν, όπως και τους τρόπους με τους οποίους επηρεάζουν την αποτελεσματικότητα της μάθησης. Επιπλέον, φανερώθηκαν προσωπικές αντιλήψεις των μαθητών και πεποιθήσεις που σχετίστηκαν με την εικόνα της διαχείρισης της αναπηρίας τους μέσω της χρήσης των νέων τεχνολογιών.Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας, έκαναν γνωστή την συμβολή των νέων τεχνολογιών στην ουσιαστική εκπαίδευση των μαθητών/μαθητριών με αναπηρία και ανέδειξαν τη σημαντικότητα στην διαμόρφωση της αυτοεκτίμησής τους, γεγονός που είναι ικανό να θέσει τα ίδια άτομα προς κινητοποίηση για συνέχιση της εκπαιδευτικής τους πορείας.
ΣΥΝΑΙΣΘΗΜΑΤΙΚΗ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗ ΔΙΠΛΑ ΙΔΙΑΙΤΕΡΩΝ ΠΑΙΔΙΩΝ
Authors: Τζανοπούλου Κυριακή
Published: March 2020

Τα χαρισματικά παιδιά, δεν αποτελούν ομοιογενή πληθυσμιακή ομάδα, αλλά χαρακτηρίζονται από ετερογένεια. Οι ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες τους, είναι αδιαμφισβήτητες και καθορίζονται από τα ειδικά ταλέντα τους και τον ιδιαίτερο τρόπο σκέψης τους. Στον ετερογενή πληθυσμό τους, συμπεριλαμβάνεται μια ομάδα διπλά ιδιαίτερων παιδιών. Η διπλή ετερογένεια συνίσταται στην ταυτόχρονη συνύπαρξη χαρισματικότητας και ακαδημαϊκών δυσκολιών. Αυτοί οι διπλά αποκλίνοντες από το μέσο όρο μαθητές, κινδυνεύουν να μην αναγνωριστούν, και να στερηθούν την ειδική στήριξη που δικαιούνται. Συχνά δε, εκδηλώνουν προβληματικές συμπεριφορές, που απορρέουν από την πρόωρη γνωστική ανάπτυξή τους, από λανθασμένους χειρισμούς του περιβάλλοντός τους και από την έλλειψη έγκαιρης και σφαιρικής διάγνωσης. Η έγκυρη και έγκαιρη εκπαιδευτική και συμβουλευτική παρέμβαση είναι καθοριστικής σημασίας για την εξέλιξη των μαθητών αυτών, οι οποίοι μπορούν να επωφεληθούν από πλήθος εξατομικευμένων προγραμμάτων, τα οποία ενισχύουν τις ικανότητές τους και τους μαθαίνουν να διαχειρίζονται τις αδυναμίες τους.
AI improves GP access for patients in Hull and York
Authors: Wood Ben
Published: March 2020

Up to 60,000 patients will now be able to enjoy better access to their GP, thanks to new cutting-edge online triage technology from Finnish-based Klinik Healthcare Solutions
Protective coatings for front surface silver mirrors by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Bulkin Pavel , Gaiaschi Sofia , Chapon Patrick , Daineka Dmitri , Kundikova Natalya
Published: March 2020

The problem of protection of the front surface silver mirrors is a very important one for a number of applications. The atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique provides an efficient way to form a coating, protecting the sensitive surface of silver from a corrosive and oxidizing environment. Moreover, the ALD layer provides extremely high conformality (even when deposited over high aspect ratio features) and has high integrity, efficiently blocking foreign species diffusion to the silver-overcoat interface. We tested the efficiency of the protection of silver mirrors against oxygen plasma exposure by the ALD-deposited Al2O3 layers by combining spectroscopic ellipsometry, reflection measurements and pulsed glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES) profiling. We have found that for optimal protection, the thickness of the ALD deposited layer should exceed at least 15 nm (about 150 ALD cycles at 150°C). We have also demonstrated that the deposition of 15 nm of a protective ALD-deposited Al2O3 layer does not affect the absolute reflectivity of a silver mirror in the spectral range 320 -2500 nm.
High-accuracy scheme based on a look-up table for motion detection in an optical camera communication system
Authors: He Jing , Huang Zheng , Yu Ke
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a high-accuracy motion detection (MD) scheme based on a look-up table (LUT) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in an optical camera communication (OCC) system. The LUT consists of predefined motions and strings that represent the predefined motions. The predefined motions include straight lines, polylines, circles, and number shapes. At the transmitter, the data with on-off keying (OOK) format is modulated on an 8×8 light-emitting diode (LED) array. The motion is generated by the user’s finger in the free space link. At the receiver, the motion and data are captured by the mobile phone front camera. The captured motion is expressed as a string indicating directions of motion, then it is matched as a predefined motion in LUT by calculating the Levenshtein distance (LD) and modified Jaccard coefficient (MJC). Using the proposed scheme, four types of motions are recognized accurately and data transmission is achieved simultaneously. Also, 1760 motion samples from 4 users are investigated over the free space transmission. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed MD scheme can reach 98% at the distance without the loss of finger centroids. In addition, as the transmitter is not blocked, the bit error rate (BER) is below 1e-6 at the distance of 80cm.
Light pattern generation with hybrid refractive microoptics under Gaussian beam illumination
Authors: Yousefi Maryam , Scharf Toralf , Rossi Markus
Published: March 2020

The generation of wide-angle diffraction patterns can be done in different ways using either thin diffractive optical elements with small features sizes or arrays of microoptics with large optical paths that are thick diffractive optical elements. Our aim is to create as many high contrast diffraction-limited dots in the far-field as possible with a uniform intensity distribution. As a model system, we use a sinusoidal phase grating and as a peculiarity, we introduce non-uniform illumination using a Gaussian beam illumination. By making use of the self-imaging phenomenon, a large number of peaks with uniform distribution are generated for a defined range of the phase grating thicknesses due to the sinusoidal curvature. For very high structures, the pattern distribution is not uniform and it demonstrates that very thick sinusoidal phase gratings are not suitable pattern generators. For simulation, we compare thin element approximation, fast Fourier transform beam propagation method, and the rigorous finite difference time domain method. The large-angle diffraction is considered using a high numerical aperture propagator for far-field simulation. We demonstrate that the beam propagation and the Fraunhofer approximation are not accurate enough. Also, our rigorous near-field calculation versus phase grating thickness confirms the significant influence of reflection of thick structures on the far-field distribution, especially on pattern uniformity. Finally, experiments were carried out to confirm our findings and a good agreement between the simulation and experimental far-field distributions confirms our approach.
Viabilidade econômica da compostagem do lodo de esgoto para uso agrícola
Authors: Visentin Roseli , Mateus Caroline , Esperancini Maura , Villas Boas Roberto
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade econômica da compostagem do lodo de esgoto misturado a duas fontes de carbono: bagaço de cana-de-açúcar ou casca de eucalipto para produção de fertilizante orgânico em escala comercial na Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE) no município de Botucatu – São Paulo. A análise econômica foi realizada com acompanhamento do processo de compostagem, coleta de dados e elaboração de fluxos de caixa dos quais se extraíram os indicadores: Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR), Payback descontado (PBD) e Relação Benefício Custo (B/C), os quais permitiram concluir que a alternativa econômica mais viável foi a que utilizou bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, tendo como receita a comercialização do fertilizante orgânico e como benefício, a economia de custos com transporte e disposição do lodo de esgoto em aterro sanitário.
Análise da sustentabilidade e viabilidade econômica de uma propriedade familiar em Pedro Gomes, MS
Authors: Bezerra Thalia Da Silva , Costa Poliana Ferreira da , Santos Mylena Dos
Published: March 2020

O estudo ocorreu em uma propriedade de sistema de produção familiar no município de Pedro Gomes – MS, com o objetivo de analisar o grau de sustentabilidade da área através da aplicação de 55 indicadores, baseados no método MESMIS “Estrutura para Avaliação de Sistemas de Gestão de Recursos Naturais incorporando indicadores de Sustentabilidade”, onde foi possível atribuir a pontuação por meio da somatória dos parâmetros escalados de 1 a 3. Além disso, o estudo procurou apresentar a relação da viabilidade econômica da propriedade, evidenciando a rentabilidade do proprietário com o desenvolvimento das atividades realizadas, sendo assim feito uma comparação do preço dos produtos com o de mercado, no intuito de analisar a redução de gastos do proprietário pelo autoconsumo. Os resultados obtidos demonstram o alto nível de sustentabilidade da propriedade, tendo em vista que é caracterizada pela aplicação de práticas agroecológicas. Além de uma alta à viabilidade econômica, proporcionada pelo Sistema Agroflorestal, pela Heveicultura e demais atividades desenvolvidas na propriedade.
Análise temporal da temperatura de superfície obtida por sensoriamento remoto
Authors: Silva Darllan Collins da Cunha e , Oliveira Renan Angrizani de , Andrade Erik De Lima , Teramoto Érico Tadao , Simonetti Vanessa Cezar
Published: March 2020

É crescente a preocupação com o aumento da temperatura que vem ocasionando diversos impactos à fauna e flora, neste sentindo, dados de sensoriamento remoto (SR) tem sido amplamente utilizados para a aquisição de informações sobre a temperatura da superfície terrestre. Portanto, o estudo objetivou correlacionar os dados de temperatura de uma estação automática da Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (Cetesb), localizada no município de Sorocaba com os dados obtidos remotamente por meio do processamento digital de imagens do satélite Landsat-8 OLI entre os anos de 2013 a 2017. Para o processamento das imagens foi utilizado o software ArcGIS 10.4.1, utilizando os parâmetros fixos de conversão de níveis de cinza da imagem para radiância e posterior conversão dos dados em valores de temperatura. Para verificar a variação dos dados obtidos por SR comparados a estação de monitoramento, foi verificada a Raiz do Erro Quadrático Médio (REQM), coeficiente de correlação Pearson (r) e o índice de concordância (IC). Os valores obtidos de REQM indicam uma variação média de temperatura de 2,74 ºC, corroborando com os valores de r² igual a 0,664 que indicam que 66,4 % dos valores obtidos para a temperatura remotamente são diretamente relacionados aos valores obtidos na estação de monitoramento da Cetesb, apresentando valores de IC com concordância positiva de 0,88. Portanto, os resultados encontrados se mostraram satisfatórios para uma melhor aquisição de valores de temperatura obtidos remotamente indicando boa correlação com os dados obtidos pela estação de monitoramento da Cetesb.
Geotecnologias aplicadas na análise do risco de contaminação de poços de água no município de Sorocaba, SP
Authors: Nery Liliane Moreira , Simonetti Vanessa Cezar , Machado Levi Pompermayer , Silva Darllan Collins da Cunha e
Published: March 2020

Em decorrência do crescimento da cidade de Sorocaba e da quantidade de empresas que se instalam todos os anos no município, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os riscos de contaminação dos poços de água próximos a áreas contaminadas utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento. Para o levantamento das áreas contaminadas foi utilizado o inventário disponibilizado pela Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB), e a localização dos poços outorgados do município foram obtidos através da base de dados do Departamento de Águas e Energia Elétrica (DAEE). A concentração de áreas contaminadas foi avaliada por meio do estimador de densidade de Kernel, e os valores foram ordenados em três diferentes classes de riscos de contaminação, sendo baixo, médio e alto. Os resultados demonstraram que 17,3% das áreas contaminadas estão inseridas na zona de alto risco, enquanto as zonas de risco médio obtiveram 50,0% dos pontos de contaminação. As zonas de alto e médio risco contemplam 57 poços de água, apresentando riscos de contaminação eminentes, podendo comprometer a saúde humana a partir do consumo e uso da água destes poços.  A utilização de ferramentas de geoprocessamento na análise de riscos de contaminação mostrou-se eficaz, permitindo a seleção de zonas prioritárias para a gestão e monitoramento de poços de água.
La textura del lugar: los atlas imposibles, insondables e inagotables de Rebecca Solnit
Authors: Artigas Albarelli Irene María
Published: March 2020

Entre 2010 y 2016, Rebecca Solnit publicó tres atlas sobre tres ciudades diferentes: San Francisco, Nueva Orleans y Nueva York, respectivamente. Además de ser ejemplos interesantes de la riqueza de las relaciones entre la cartografía, los estudios literarios y otras disciplinas, estos libros plantean una aparente paradoja vinculada a la decisión de hacer mapas desde la creencia de que se trata de una tarea imposible por infinita, insondable e inagotable. Este ensayo muestra cómo estos atlas son iconotextos que responden a dicha contradicción a partir de considerar que un lugar es un tejido que depende de las palabras, las imágenes, los afectos, los recuerdos, las percepciones asociadas al mismo, esto es, que es resultado tanto de relaciones humanas como de representaciones simbólicas. Además, el artículo revisa algunas de las estrategias utilizadas en estas colecciones para dar cuenta de dicho tejido, por ejemplo, la utilización de una retórica similar a la emblemática y metafórica, relacionada con su carácter intermedial y la presencia de elementos de distintas materialidades —literarios, cartográficos, fotográficos o pictóricos—; la bifurcación de perspectivas de diferentes autores, o la ventaja de narrativas anacrónicas, complejas e hipotéticas para conformar historias públicas. Los atlas de Solnit se apropian de la cartografía, estética y políticamente, y demuestran que también puede ser una práctica creativa, constructiva y restaurativa.
Safety, advocacy, and the teacher’s role: Pre-service teachers and school shooting policies
Authors: Hara May
Published: March 2020

In this qualitative case study, I examine pre-service teachers’ experiences with school shooting policy.  Analysis of individual interviews, group discussions and reflective memos with pre-service teachers (n=7) in seven Massachusetts districts shows that pre-service teachers, while deeply concerned about the possibility of school shootings, viewed existing policies as ineffective, damaging to their pedagogical practice and relationships with students, and out of step with teachers’ concerns. Further, they interpreted proposed policies as undermining the value of teachers in contemporary society and threatening the core tenets of teachers’ work. Constrained by limited professional development around policy involvement, pre-service teachers expressed significant doubts about their ability to effect meaningful policy change. This research has implications for educational policy and teacher policy involvement.
Jornada de trabalho docente na rede pública de educação básica: Parâmetros para discussão
Authors: Jacomini Márcia Aparecida , Cruz Rosana Evangelista da , Castro Edimária Carvalho de
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o aparato legal, acadêmico e sindical que orienta a definição da jornada docente, verificando como os planos de carreira dos estados e capitais incorporaram essa questão. A investigação é baseada em pesquisa documental e bibliográfica. Os resultados indicam que há diferentes jornadas, embora predomine as de 20 e 40 horas semanais. A Lei do Piso, no que se refere à distribuição da jornada, não é cumprida pela maioria dos estados e capitais, pois somente 11 estados e sete capitais a cumprem plenamente. Aspectos como duração e composição da jornada, acúmulo de cargo, dedicação exclusiva, realização da jornada numa única escola ainda são incipientemente enfrentados pelas redes de ensino. Considera-se necessário avançar na perspectiva de superação da fragmentação da jornada de trabalho com vistas à valorização docente e à melhoria das condições de ensino nas escolas públicas de educação básica.
Casos da prática educativa na aprendizagem da docência universitária
Authors: Slomski Vilma Geni , Anastacio Jessica Barros , Procopio de Araujo Adriana Maria , Slomski Valmor , Fróes de Carvalho Ronaldo
Published: March 2020

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os tipos de saberes que se fazem presentes em casos da prática educativa relatados por professores que atuam em curso de graduação em Ciências Contábeis oferecido por instituições públicas de ensino superior. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa. Os autorrelatos de casos foram coletados por meio de entrevista em profundidade e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os casos versaram sobre três tipos de problemas/dilemas que permeiam o processo de ensino-aprendizagem: o uso de tecnologias na educação; métodos de ensino; e o comportamento do estudante. Foi possível constatar um conjunto de saberes e de crenças sobre o ato de ensinar e de aprender que parecem influenciar o modo como os professores se posicionam na docência. Tais saberes se mostraram plurais e provenientes de fontes diversas: saberes disciplinares, curriculares, pedagógicos, experienciais e pessoais. No enfrentamento das situações conflitivas, os docentes mobilizaram e colocaram em ação conhecimentos, habilidades, crenças e valores, explicitando-os, reconhecendo-os e tentando modificá-los para atender às exigências e às complexidades do ensino. Conclui-se que os casos da prática educativa se apresentam como uma oportunidade para a aproximação dos saberes docentes e para uma melhor compreensão do processo de aprender a profissão.
On Belatedness. The Shaping of Portuguese Art History in Modern Times
Authors: Pinto dos Santos Mariana
Published: March 2020

Portuguese art history experienced remarkable development after World War II, especially with the work of José-Augusto França, who was responsible for establishing a historiographic canon for nineteenth- and twentieth-century Portuguese art that still endures. José-Augusto França developed a narrative that held Paris up as an artistic and cultural role model in relation to which he diagnosed a permanent delay in Portuguese art. This essay analyses França’s idea of belatedness in the context of Portuguese art historiography and political history and how it is part of a genealogy of intellectual thought produced in an imperial context, revisiting previous art historians and important authors, such as Antero de Quental and António Sérgio. Moreover, it aims to address how the concept of belatedness was associated with the idea of “civilisation” and the idea of “art as civilisation.” Belatedness also has implications in the constraints and specificities of writing a master narrative in a peripheral country – a need particularly felt in the second half of the twentieth century, to mark a political standpoint against the dictatorship that ruled from 1926 to 1974. Part of the reaction to fascism expressed the desire to follow other nations’ democratic example, but the self-deprecating judgements on Portuguese art were frequently associated with the identification of essentialist motifs – the “nature” of the Portuguese people, their way of thinking, of living, their lack of capacities or skills – and of a self-image of being “primitive” in comparison with other European countries that has antecedents going back to the eighteenth century. I will address the nostalgia for the empire and the prevailing notion of belatedness throughout the twentieth century regarding unsolved issues with that nostalgia.
Jak rozpoznać recenzowane publikacje – o etykietach z otwartymi danymi recenzentów w monografiach naukowych
Authors: Kulczycki Emanuel , Rozkosz Ewa A. , Engels Tim C. E. , Guns Raf , Hołowiecki Marek , Pölönen Janne , Ciereszko Kinga
Published: March 2020

W tym artykule omawiamy etykiety z otwartymi danymi recenzentów, czyli praktykę ujawniania danych recenzentów w monografiach naukowych, która jest powszechna w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Celem badania było sprawdzenie, czy etykieta z otwartymi danymi recenzentów jest rodzajem etykiety z informacją o recenzowaniu (na podobieństwo tej stosowanej w Finlandii i Flandrii, tj. we flamandzkiej części Belgii), i, czy jako taka, może być używana jako kryterium w różnych systemach wykorzystywanych do oceny publikacji naukowych. Przeprowadziliśmy dwufazowe badanie z wykorzystaniem sekwencyjnej strategii eksploracyjnej. W pierwszej fazie przeprowadziliśmy wywiady z reprezentantami dwudziestu spośród czterdziestu największych polskich wydawnictw naukowych w celu zbadania, w jaki sposób polscy wydawcy kontrolują proces recenzowania oraz czy można wykorzystać etykiety z otwartymi danymi recenzentów do identyfikacji monografii recenzowanych. W drugiej fazie przeprowadziliśmy dwie ankiety mające na celu analizę postrzegania procesu recenzowania oraz etykiet z otwartymi danymi recenzentów przez autorów (n = 600) oraz recenzentów (n = 875) książek opublikowanych przez dwadzieścia poddanych badaniu wydawnictw. Zintegrowane wyniki pozwoliły nam zweryfikować stwierdzenia wydawców dotyczące ich praktyk związanych z procesem recenzowania. Nasze wyniki wskazują, że wydawcy rzeczywiście kontrolują proces recenzowania poprzez dostarczanie recenzentom kryteriów oceny oraz przesyłanie recenzji autorom. Wydawcy rzadko proszą o pozwolenie na ujawnienie nazwisk recenzentów, ale dla recenzentów oczywistym jest, że umieszczanie ich danych w monografii jest częścią procesu recenzowania. Badanie pokazuje również, że ujawniane są dane tylko tych recenzentów, którzy przyjęli manuskrypt do publikacji. A zatem, co najważniejsze, nasza analiza wykazała, że etykieta z otwartymi danymi recenzentów, której używają polscy wydawcy, jest rodzajem etykiety z informacją o recenzowaniu, takiej jak ta stosowana we Flandrii i Finlandii, i, jako taka, może być stosowana do identyfikacji recenzowanych monografii naukowych.
Albert Sanchez-Graells, Prześwietlanie w poszukiwaniu zmów przetargowych w zamówieniach publicznych, „Journal of European Competition Law & Practice” 2019, vol. 10
Authors: Różowicz, Konrad
Published: March 2020

Albert Sanchez-Graells, ‘Screening for Cartels’ in Public Procurement: Cheating at Solitaire to Sell Fool’s Gold? (Prześwietlanie w poszukiwaniu zmów przetargowych w zamówieniach publicznych), „Journal of European Competition Law & Practice” 2019, vol. 10, iss. 4, s. 199–211, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpz024
Przetwarzanie danych osobowych do celów badań naukowych. Aspekty prawne
Authors: Pyka Aleksandra
Published: March 2020

This article refers to the issue of personal data processing conducted in connection with scientific research and in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation). It is not uncommon for the purposes of scientific research to process personal data, which is connected with the obligation to respect the rights of the data of the subjects involved. Entities conducting scientific research that process personal data for this purpose are required to apply the general reg­ulation governing, among others, the obligations imposed on the controllers. The issue of personal data processing for scientific research purposes has also been regulated in national legislation in connection with the need to apply the General Data Protection Regulation. The article discusses the basics of the admissibility of data processing for the needs of scientific research; providing personal data regarding criminal convictions and offences extracted from public registers at the request of the entity conducting scientific research; exercising the rights of the data of the subjects concerned; as well as the implementation of appropriate technical and organizational measures to ensure the security of data processing. In addition, the article discusses the issue of anonymization of personal data carried out after achieving the purpose of personal data processing, as well as the processing of special categories of personal data. The topics discussed in the article were not discussed in detail, as this would require further elaboration in a publication with a much wider volume range.
Tryb postępowania przed organem rentowym w sprawach świadczeń z tytułu wypadku przy pracy
Authors: Wojciechowicz Joanna
Published: March 2020

This article discusses the practical aspects of recognizing an occurrence as a work-re­lated injury. The Act of 30 October 2002 on Social Insurance against Work-related Injuries and Occupational Diseases (consolidated text of 2018, item 1376) contains only a general definition of a ‘work-related injury.’ Moreover, it does not specify the meaning of the terms which are used in it, particularly of terms such as a ‘sud­den occurrence’ or an ‘external cause.’ Many problems stem from a lack of criteria which should be used while deciding whether a ‘considerable contribution to the injury’ due to being under the influence of alcohol or drugs as defined in Article 21 of the Act has occurred. Therefore, during a preliminary investigation, a dis­ability pension authority must determine whether the occurrence in question is a work-related injury. To that end it investigates whether the insured person has contributed to this occurrence to a considerable degree because if he has, such a conduct excludes the right to a work injury benefit. Accordingly, employees of the Social Insurance Company examine the accident scene and collect information in the workplace, from the prosecutor’s office, the police, or the healthcare centre, or by interviewing witnesses. Having documented the factual circumstances and explained all the existing doubts they are then able to define the terms and draw correct conclusions which result in a decision to award a benefit or to refuse it. Owing to the fact that the regulations concerning issues of recognizing an oc­currence as a work-related injury and rights to a benefit are general clauses, it is necessary to be familiar with the current case-law. Without following the trends in the case-law of the Supreme Court one is not able to interpret facts and occur­rences properly and hence the assessment of whether the insured is entitled to a work injury benefit is not possible.
Personal insights for altering decisions of tree-based ensembles over time
Authors: Boer Naama , Deutch Daniel , Frost Nave , Milo Tova
Published: March 2020

Machine Learning models are prevalent in critical human-related decision making, such as resume filtering and loan applications. Refused individuals naturally ask what could change the decision, should they reapply. This question is hard for the model owner to answer: first, the model is typically complex and not easily interpretable; second, models may be updated periodically; and last, attributes of the individual seeking approval are apt to change in time. While each of these challenges have been extensively studied in isolation, their conjunction has not.

To this end, we propose a novel framework that allows users to devise a plan of action to individuals in presence of Machine Learning classification, where both the ML model and the user properties are expected to change over time. Our technical solution is currently confined to a particular yet important class of models, namely those of tree-based ensembles (Random Forests, Gradient Boosted trees). In this setting it uniquely combines state-of-the-art solutions for single model interpretation, domain adaptation techniques for predicting future models, and constraint databases to represent and query the space of possible actions. We devise efficient algorithms that leverage these foundations in a novel solution, and experimentally show that they are effective in proposing useful and actionable steps leading to the desired classification.
Evaluating memory-hard proof-of-work algorithms on three processors
Authors: Feng Zonghao , Luo Qiong
Published: March 2020

Most public blockchain systems, exemplified by cryptocurrencies such as Ethereum and Monero, use memory-hard proof-of-work (PoW) algorithms in consensus protocols to maintain fair participation without a trusted third party. The memory hardness, or the amount of memory access, of these PoW algorithms is to prevent the dominance of custom-made hardware of massive computation units, in particular, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and field-programmable gate array (FPGA) machines, in the system. However, it is unclear how effective these algorithms are on general-purpose processors.

In this paper, we study the performance of representative memory-hard PoW algorithms on the CPU, the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), and the Intel Knights Landing (KNL) processors. We first optimize each algorithm for individual processors, and then measure their performance with number of threads and memory size varied. Our experimental results show that (1) the GPU dominates the CPU and the KNL processors on each algorithm, (2) all algorithms scale well with number of threads on the CPU and KNL, and (3) the size of accessed memory area affects each algorithm differently. Based on these results, we recommend CryptoNight with scratchpads of different sizes as the most egalitarian PoW algorithm.
Risk assessment of the total testing process based on quality indicators with the Sigma metrics
Authors: Xia Yong , Wang Xiaoxue , Yan Cunliang , Wu Jinbin , Xue Hao , Li Mingyang , Lin Yu , Li Jie , Ji Ling
Published: March 2020

Background

Evidence-based evaluation of laboratory performances including pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical stages of the total testing process (TTP) is crucial to ensure patients receiving safe, efficient and effective care. To conduct risk assessment, quality management tools such as Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and the Failure Reporting and Corrective Action System (FRACAS) were constantly used for proactive or reactive analysis, respectively. However, FMEA and FRACAS faced big challenges in determining the scoring scales and failure prioritization in the assessment of real-world cases. Here, we developed a novel strategy, by incorporating Sigma metrics into risk assessment based on quality indicators (QIs) data, to provide a more objective assessment of risks in TTP.

Methods

QI data was collected for 1 year and FRACAS was applied to produce the risk rating based on three variables: (1) Sigma metrics for the frequency of defects; (2) possible consequence; (3) detection method. The risk priority number (RPN) of each QI was calculated by a 5-point scale score, where a value of RPN > 50 was rated as high-risk.

Results

The RPNs of two QIs in post-analytical phase (TAT of Stat biochemistry analyte and Timely critical values notification) were above 50 which required rigorous monitoring and corrective actions to eliminate the high risks. Nine QIs (RPNs between 25 and 50) required further investigation and monitoring. After 3 months of corrective action the two identified high-risk processes were successfully reduced.

Conclusions

The strategy can be implemented to reduce identified risk and assuring patient safety.
The genealogy of teaching clinical reasoning and diagnostic skill: the GEL Study
Authors: Russell Stephen W. , Desai Sanjay V. , O’Rourke Paul , Ahuja Neera , Patel Anand , Myers Christopher G. , Zulman Donna , Sateia Heather F. , Berkenblit Gail V. , Johnson Erica N. , Garibaldi Brian T.
Published: March 2020

The genealogy of graduate medical education in America begins at the bedside. However, today’s graduate medical trainees work in a training environment that is vastly different from medical training a century ago. The goal of the Graduate Medical Education Laboratory (GEL) Study, supported by the American Medical Association’s (AMA) “Reimagining Residency” initiative, is to determine the factors in the training environment that most contribute to resident well-being and developing diagnostic skills. We believe that increasing time at the bedside will improve clinical skill, increase professional fulfillment, and reduce workplace burnout. Our graduate medical education laboratory will test these ideas to understand which interventions can be shared among all training programs. Through the GEL Study, we aim to ensure resident readiness for practice as we understand, then optimize, the learning environment for trainees and staff.
New developments on EDR (Event Data Recorder) for automated vehicles
Authors: Böhm Klaus , Kubjatko Tibor , Paula Daniel , Schweiger Hans-Georg
Published: March 2020

With the upcoming new legislative rules in the EU on Event Data Recorder beginning 2022 the question is whether the discussed data base is sufficient for the needs of clarifying accidents involving automated vehicles. Based on the reconstruction of real accidents including vehicles with ADAS combined with specially designed crash tests a broader data base than US EDR regulation (NHTSA 49 CFR Part 563.7) is proposed. The working group AHEAD, to which the authors contribute, has already elaborated a data model that fits the needs of automated driving. The structure of this data model is shown. Moreover, the special benefits of storing internal video or photo feeds form the vehicle camera systems combined with object data is illustrated. When using a sophisticate 3D measurement method of the accident scene the videos or photos can also serve as a control instance for the stored vehicle data. The AHEAD Data Model enhanced with the storage of the video and photo feeds should be considered in the planned roadmap of the Informal Working Group (IWG) on EDR/ DSSAD (Data Storage System for Automated Driving) reporting to UNECE WP29. Also, a data access over the air using technology already applied in China for electric vehicles called Real Time Monitoring would allow a quantum leap in forensic accident reconstruction.