bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«Μεταβάσεις» στην εκπαίδευση και εκπαιδευτικά/βιογραφικά βιώματα: Επεξεργασία και προσέγγιση μέσα από ανάλυση κινηματογραφικής ταινίας στην εκπαίδευση
Authors: Χριστοδούλου Νικολέττα
Published: May 2024

Σε αυτό το κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζω μια μέθοδο για τη χρήση ταινιών για να προωθούνται οι μεταβάσεις στην εκπαίδευση ώστε να βοηθιούνται οι μελλοντικοί εκπαιδευτικοί από άτομα που κάθονται στα θρανία να αρχίσουν να σκέφτονται ως άτομα που δημιουργούν περιβάλλοντα μάθησης. Αρκετοί συγγραφείς και θεωρητικοί της εκπαίδευσης εστίασαν στη μελέτη των ταινιών και την επίδρασή τους σε εκπαιδευτικούς. Στη μέθοδο που προτείνω, οι ταινίες χρησιμοποιούνται για να καταλάβουμε καλύτερα το επάγγελμα του εκπαιδευτικού, τον ρόλο του μαθητή και του εκπαιδευτικού καθώς επίσης τις «μεταβάσεις» στην εκπαίδευση και τη διαδικασία της διδασκαλίας και της μάθησης μέσα από εκπαιδευτικά, βιογραφικά βιώματα.Συγκεκριμένα, παρουσιάζω τρεις προσεγγίσεις για ανάλυση ταινιών και ένα πιο συγκεκριμένο παράδειγμα εφαρμογής. Καταληκτικά αναφέρω ότι οι ταινίες δημιουργούν χώρο για στοχασμό και συλλογισμό
Μεθοδολογία παιδαγωγικής ανάλυσης κινηματογραφικής ταινίας Methodik pädagogischer Spielfilmanalyse Πανεπιστήμιο Johannes Gutenberg στο Μάιντς
Authors: Beck Christian
Published: May 2024

Στο παρακάτω άρθρο παρουσιάζεται μια προσέγγιση-ανάλυση σημαντικών σκηνών-κλειδιών προσανατολιζόμενη στην ανάλυση ταινιών του Faulstich και της αντικειμενικής ερμηνευτικής του Oevermann. Επεξηγείται ο όρος "Καθορισμός παιδαγωγικής περίπτωσης" και ακολουθούν τα "Βήματα της ανάλυσης" και το "Παράρτημα".
Urbanismo y género El derecho de las mujeres a la ciudad
Authors: Olga Bula María
Published: May 2024

El 74 % de la población colombiana habita en zonas urbanas (por encima del promedio mundial de población urbana estimado en un 55 % en 2019, según las Naciones Unidas) y este porcentaje va en aumento. El crecimiento, tanto de las grandes ciudades como de las ciudades intermedias y cabeceras municipales, se da con escasa planificación, y en muchos casos al margen de los planes de ordenamiento municipales. El resultado son ciudades con un crecimiento desregulado, infraestructuras de servicios públicos que deben ir adaptándose a la demanda, un alto déficit de equipamientos colectivos, sistemas de transporte público rezagados y colapsados y una red de espacios públicos insuficiente para la población. Esto hace necesario revisar cuáles son las prioridades en las actuaciones que se llevan a cabo sobre la ciudad en el ámbito del espacio público, ya que la manera de habitar en el entorno físico es un factor particularmente importante para la calidad de vida cotidiana de sus habitantes. Históricamente, la ciudad ha sido pensada, diseñada y construida desde una perspectiva androcéntrica. El objetivo de este capítulo es revisar cuáles son las contribuciones que un enfoque de género puede aportar para el diseño de los espacios públicos de la ciudad, de manera que estos se conviertan en escenarios de inclusión, diversidad e igualdad para todos sus habitantes.
ISOLATED ANKLE FUSION FOR FAILED TOTAL ANKLE ARTHROPLASTY USING A SPINE CAGE AND ANTERIOR PLATING CONSTRUCT
Authors: Miller D. , Senthi S. , Winson I.
Published: May 2024

Background

Total ankle replacements (TARs) are becoming increasingly more common in the treatment of end stage ankle arthritis. As a consequence, more patients are presenting with the complex situation of the failing TAR. The aim of this study was to present our case series of isolated ankle fusions post failed TAR using a spinal cage construct and anterior plating technique.

Methods

A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was performed for 6 patients that had isolated ankle fusions performed for failed TAR. These were performed by a single surgeon (IW) between March 2012 and October 2014. The procedure was performed using a Spinal Cage construct and grafting in the joint defect and anterior plating. Our primary outcome measure was clinical and radiographic union at 1 year. Union was defined as clinical union and no evidence of radiographic hardware loosening or persistent joint lucent line at 1 year.

Results

The mean follow-up was 37.3 months (SD 13.2). Union was achieved in 5 of the 6 patients (83%). One patient had a non-union that required revision fusion incorporating the talonavicular joint that successfully went on to unite across both joints. Another patient had radiographic features of non-union but was clinically united and asymptomatic and one required revision surgery for a bulky symptomatic lateral malleolus with fused ankle joint.

Conclusion

The failing TAR presents a complex clinical situation. After removal of the implant there is often a large defect which if compressed leads to a leg length discrepancy and if filled with augment can increase the risk of non-union. Multiple methods have been described for revision, with many advocating fusion of both the ankle joint and subtalar joint. We present our case series using a spinal cage and anterior plating that allows preservation of the subtalar joint and a high rate of union.
ANKLE FRACTURE FIXATION IN THE OVER 60'S: FIBULAR-PRO-TIBIA VERSUS HINDFOOT NAILING
Authors: Eyre-Brook A. , Ring J. , Gadd R. , Davies H. , Chadwick C. , Davies M. , Blundell C.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Ankle fractures in the elderly are an increasing problem with our aging population. Options for treatment include non-operative and operative with a range of techniques available. Failure of treatment can lead to significant complications, morbidity and poor function. We compared the outcomes of two operative techniques, intramedullary hindfoot nailing (IMN) and fibular-pro-tibia fixation (FPT). This is the largest analysis of these techniques and there are no comparative studies published.

Method

We retrospectively reviewed patients over the age of 60 with ankle fractures who were treated operatively between 2012 and 2017. We identified 1417 cases, including 27 patients treated with IMN and 41 treated with FPT. Age, sex, co-morbidities and injury pattern were collected. Primary outcome was re-operation rate. Secondary outcomes included other complications, length of stay and functional status.

Results

The IMN group had a higher average co-morbidity score compared with the FPT group (estimated 10-year survival, 21% vs 53%, p=0.03). Re-operation rate was higher in the IMN group compared with FPT (12 v 1, p< 0.0001). There were more complications in the IMN group compared with the FPT group (23 v 11, p< 0.0001). Length of stay was longer in the IMN group (17 v 29 days, p=0.02). Mobility tended to return to baseline in the FPT patients but decreased in the IMN patients.

Conclusion

Outcomes were worse in the IMN group compared with the FPT group in terms of re-operation, complications and length of stay. However, the IMN group tended to have increased comorbidities and poorer soft tissues. We believe that both techniques have a role in the management of elderly ankle fractures, but patient selection is key. We suggest FPT should be the first-choice technique when soft tissues permit. We discuss the indications, risks and benefits of each method based on our experience and literature review.
On-chip integrated metasystem for spin-dependent multi-channel color holography
Authors: Ma Zhan-Ying , Liu Xian-Jin , Peng Yu-Qi , Zhang Da-Sen , Liu Zhen-Zhen , Xiao Jun-Jun
Published: May 2024

On-chip integrated metasurface driven by in-plane guided waves is of great interests in various light-field manipulation applications such as colorful augmented reality and holographic display. However, it remains a challenge to design colorful multichannel holography by a single on-chip metasurface. Here we present metasurfaces integrated on top of a guided-wave photonic slab that achieves multi-channel colorful holographic light display. An end-to-end scheme is used to inverse design the metasurface for projecting off-chip preset multiple patterns. Particular examples are presented for customized patterns that were encoded into the metasurface with a single-cell meta-atom, working simultaneously at RGB color channels and for several different diffractive distances, with polarization dependence. Holographic images are generated at 18 independent channels with such a single-cell metasurface. The proposed design scheme is easy to implement, and the resulting device is viable for fabrication, promising plenty of applications in nanophotonics.
Multi-order orbital angular momentum mode generators based on integrated long-period fiber gratings
Authors: Ma Yuehui , Jiang Chen , Chen Siyu , Mou Chengbo , Zhou Kaiming , Liu Yunqi
Published: May 2024

We propose integrated long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) fabricated by a CO2 laser to realize a multi-channel and multi-order orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode generator. The integrated LPFG is inscribed on multiple surfaces of the few-mode fiber (FMF) by rotating the fiber in the opposite direction at an angle θ. By controlling the rotation angle, the number of integrated LPFGs can be set. The selected rotation angle is 43∘, which can integrate up to nine LPFGs, i.e., realizing that the number of channels for first-order orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode conversion is nine. The integrated LPFGs fabricated in this method allow a flexible design of channel spacing. In addition, the flexible selection of the integrated grating period achieves the simultaneous generation of multi-channel second-order and third-order OAM mode conversion. The multi-channel and multi-order OAM mode generators have important application in optical communication multiplexing systems and OAM sensing.
Analytical target-agnostic piston sensing for segmented telescopes using sparse redundant baseline pairs
Authors: Li Ming , Wei Weilong , Ma Xiafei , Yang Kaiyuang , Ren Ge , Ma Haotong , Xie Zongliang
Published: May 2024

Piston correction is the key to achieving high resolution of segmented telescopes. Phasing with extended objects is still challenging. In this Letter, we propose an analytical target-agnostic phasing approach using redundant baseline pairs. It is derived that the mixed phase distribution caused by redundant sampling can be decoupled via phase modulation. Then the pistons can be resolved by performing phase cross-correlation to remove the object phase. We validate this theory through simulations and experiments. It does not require additional optical paths and is relatively robust against noise, thus providing a simple, fast, and low-system-complexity solution for piston monitoring of the segmented telescope over the period of imaging complex scenes.
Characterizing and tailoring the spectro-temporal mode of photon pairs generated in few-mode fiber
Authors: Cui Liang , Zhu Shengjie , Li Xiaoying
Published: May 2024

We investigate the spectro-temporal mode property of the photon pairs generated via inter-spatial-mode spontaneous four-wave mixing in a few-mode fiber (FMF) that supports two linearly polarized spatial modes in
the 1550 nm telecom band. The two pulsed pumps for the process are in distinct spatial modes, while the created signal and idler photon pairs are also occupying different spatial modes. By exploiting the unique inter-mode phase matching condition in the FMF, we can tailor the spectro-temporal mode structure of the photon pairs by changing the pulse duration (spectral bandwidth) of the two pumps. Especially, photon pairs with a nearly round-shaped factorable joint spectrum are experimentally realized. The techniques are valuable for generating and manipulating quantum states in FMFs and exploiting the spatial degree of freedom in quantum information processing.
Targeted iterative assembly and the midpoint method for improved convergence in point-by-point algorithms for freeform generation
Authors: Cionek Marcelo , Barbano Emerson
Published: May 2024

We present the target iterative assembly (TIA), an algorithm to generate freeform lenses for non-imaging systems from prescribed input rays and a distribution of targets, whose coordinates are functions of the positional and angular variables of the source distribution, granting the optical design unlimited customization and control over aberrations, whereas the angular iterative assembly (AIA) presented in a previous work was restricted to choosing output angles. The formalism employed seeks to generalize a class of existing point-by-point iterative construction methods. We also elaborate variations of the midpoint method, a predictor-corrector approach to enhance convergence of the solutions with fewer rays, and analyze the sensibility of their error profiles to changes in the initial parameters. For $N_R$ rays, we obtained surface average errors and computing times proportional to $(10 N_R)^{-2}$ and $10^{-5} N_R$ seconds, respectively, allowing for quick solutions within the precision limits of fabrication. We also discuss two algorithms for the generation of multiple successive surfaces, one which leads to apodization, and set the base for further developments, such as a 3D version to properly generate freeforms. The Python code with fully customizable system prameters is available.
Enhanced terahertz vibrational absorption spectroscopy using an integrated high-Q resonator
Authors: Hou Zhibo , Chen Liao , Liu Rongwu , Zhang Chi , Wu Xiaojun , Zhang Xinliang
Published: May 2024

The terahertz (THz) absorption spectrum is a powerful method to identify substances. The improvement focuses on sensitivity and recovery ability. Here, we demonstrate enhanced THz vibrational absorption spectroscopy based on an on-chip THz whispering gallery mode resonator (THz-WGMR). A THz-WGMR with high Q can store energy and enhance the interaction between the THz waves and the target substances to capture the unique absorption fingerprint information. Therefore, it possesses significant sensitivity to identify trace amounts of substances. As a proof of concept, lactose powder and glucose powder are applied to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in recovering fingerprint absorption spectroscopy. Compared with a straight waveguide, the high sensitivity of the THz-WGMR is illustrated. The change of the transmissivity caused by the lactose reaches 7.8 dB around 532 GHz for the THz-WGMR, while only 1.4 dB for the straight waveguide, demonstrating the state-of-the-art sensing performance in fingerprint absorption recovery. We believe the proposed integrated THz-WGMR will promote the THz identification of tiny fingerprint substances.
Phase-modulated multi-foci microscopy for rapid 3D imaging
Authors: Wang Weiqi , Gong Li , Huang Zhiwei
Published: May 2024

3D imaging technology is pivotal in monitoring the functional dynamics and morphological alterations in living cells and tissues. However, conventional volumetric imaging associated with mechanical z-scanning encounters challenges in limited 3D imaging speed with inertial artifact. Here, we present a unique phase-modulated multi-foci microscopy (PM3) technique to achieve snapshot 3D imaging with the advantages of extended imaging depths and adjustable imaging intervals between each focus in a rapid fashion. To accomplish the tasks, we utilize a spatial light modulator (SLM) to encode the phases of the scattered or fluorescence light emanating from a volumetric sample and then project the multiple-depth images of the sample onto a single charge-coupled device camera for rapid 3D imaging. We demonstrate that the PM3 technique provides ∼55-fold improvement in imaging depth in polystyrene beads phantom compared to the depth of field of the objective lens used. PM3 also enables the real-time monitoring of Brownian motion of fluorescent beads in water at a 15 Hz volume rate. By precisely manipulating the phase of scattered light on the SLM, PM3 can pinpoint the specific depth information in living zebrafish and rapidly observe the 3D dynamic processes of blood flow in the zebrafish trunk. This work shows that the PM3 technique developed is robust and versatile for fast 3D dynamic imaging in biological and biomedical systems.
Unpacking the ‘black box’ of suicide: A latent class analysis predicting profiles of suicidal ideation in a longitudinal cohort of adolescent girls from India
Authors: Patel Anushka R. , Dixon Kelly E. , Nadkarni Abhijit
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Indian women account for 37% of global suicide-related deaths. As suicide is a growing concern among adolescent girls, identifying the social determinants of suicide with this group targeted prevention. We selected social determinants that include intersectional identities and broader syndemics; we then used longitudinal data from a prospective cohort of adolescent girls from Northern India to classify them into unique profiles across multiple socioecological levels.

Methods

Girls aged 10–19 (N= 11,864) completed self-report questionnaires measuring socio-demographic and trauma exposure variables. At three-year follow-up, they were asked to indicate current suicidal ideation (SI). We conducted latent class analysis (LCA) to classify profiles and then predicted risk of current SI at three-year follow-up.

Results

LCA supported a four-class solution: a ‘privileged’ class (Class 1;n= 1,470), a ‘modal’ class (Class 2;n= 7,449), an ‘intergenerational violence’ class (Class 3;n= 2,113), and a ‘psychological distress’ class (Class 4;n= 732). Classes significantly predicted odds ratios (OR) for SI at follow up; women in Class 4 were associated with the greatest likelihood of SI (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.38, 2.47), suggesting that psychological distress factors confer greatest risk.

Conclusion

Results of the distinct classes of risk and protective factors indicate targets for policy-level interventions. Disrupting cycles of psychological distress and substance use, increasing access to behavioral interventions, and intervening to mitigate intergenerational violence may be particularly impactful with this population.
Variability in antivenom neutralization of Mexican viperid snake venoms
Authors: Guadarrama-Martínez Alid , Neri-Castro Edgar , Boyer Leslie , Alagón Alejandro
Published: May 2024

Background

Each year, 3,800 cases of snakebite envenomation are reported in Mexico, resulting in 35 fatalities. The only scientifically validated treatment for snakebites in Mexico is the use of antivenoms. Currently, two antivenoms are available in the market, with one in the developmental phase. These antivenoms, produced in horses, consist of F(ab’)2 fragments generated using venoms from various species as immunogens. While previous studies primarily focused on neutralizing the venom of the Crotalus species, our study aims to assess the neutralization capacity of different antivenom batches against pit vipers from various genera in Mexico.

Methodology

We conducted various biological and biochemical tests to characterize the venoms. Additionally, we performed neutralization tests using all three antivenoms to evaluate their effectiveness against lethal activity and their ability to neutralize proteolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities.

Results

Our results reveal significant differences in protein content and neutralizing capacity among different antivenoms and even between different batches of the same product. Notably, the venom of Crotalus atrox is poorly neutralized by all evaluated batches despite being the primary cause of envenomation in the country’s northern region. Furthermore, even at the highest tested concentrations, no antivenom could neutralize the lethality of Metlapilcoatlus nummifer and Porthidium yucatanicum venoms. These findings highlight crucial areas for improving existing antivenoms and developing new products.

Conclusion

Our research reveals variations in protein content and neutralizing potency among antivenoms, emphasizing the need for consistency in venom characteristics as immunogens. While Birmex neutralizes more LD50 per vial, Antivipmyn excels in specific neutralization. The inability of antivenoms to neutralize certain venoms, especially M. nummifer and P. yucatanicum, highlights crucial improvement opportunities, given the medical significance of these species.
Metagenome mining and functional analysis reveal oxidized guanine DNA repair at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field
Authors: Utzman Payton H. , Mays Vincent P. , Miller Briggs C. , Fairbanks Mary C. , Brazelton William J. , Horvath Martin P.
Published: May 2024

The GO DNA repair system protects against GC → TA mutations by finding and removing oxidized guanine. The system is mechanistically well understood but its origins are unknown. We searched metagenomes and abundantly found the genes encoding GO DNA repair at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field (LCHF). We recombinantly expressed the final enzyme in the system to show MutY homologs function to suppress mutations. Microbes at the LCHF thrive without sunlight, fueled by the products of geochemical transformations of seafloor rocks, under conditions believed to resemble a young Earth. High levels of the reductant H2 and low levels of O2 in this environment raise the question, why are resident microbes equipped to repair damage caused by oxidative stress? MutY genes could be assigned to metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), and thereby associate GO DNA repair with metabolic pathways that generate reactive oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur species. Our results indicate that cell-based life was under evolutionary pressure to cope with oxidized guanine well before O2 levels rose following the great oxidation event.
Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease (NCDs) risk factors in Tamil Nadu: Tamil Nadu STEPS Survey (TN STEPS), 2020
Authors: Selvavinayagam T. S. , Viswanathan Vidhya , Ramalingam Archana , Kangusamy Boopathi , Joseph Bency , Subramaniam Sudharshini , Sheela J. Sandhiya , Wills Soniya , Ramasamy Sabarinathan , Venkatasamy Vettrichelvan , Rajasekar Daniel , Chinnasamy Govindhasamy , Govindasamy Elavarasu , Duraisamy Augustine , Chokkalingam D. , Durairajan Dinesh , Kriina Mosoniro , Vasu Harshavardhini , Selvam Jerard Maria , Sakthivel Uma , Kaur Prabhdeep , Palaniandi Senthilkumar
Published: May 2024

Background

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) account for nearly 75% of all deaths in Tamil Nadu. The government of Tamil Nadu has initiated several strategies to control NCDs under the Tamil Nadu Health Systems Reform Program (TNHSRP). We aimed to estimate the prevalence of NCD risk factors and determine the predictors of diabetes and hypertension, which will be helpful for planning and serve as a baseline for evaluating the impact of interventions.

Methods

A state-wide representative cross-sectional study was conducted among 18-69-year-old adults in Tamil Nadu in 2020. The study used a multi-stage sampling method to select the calculated sample size of 5780. We adapted the study tools based on WHO’s STEPS surveillance methodology. We collected information about sociodemographic factors, NCD risk factors and measured blood pressure and fasting capillary blood glucose. The predictors of diabetes and hypertension were calculated using generalised linear models with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, we could cover 68% (n = 3800) of the intended sample size. Among the eligible individuals surveyed (n = 4128), we had a response rate of 92%. The mean age of the study participants was 42.8 years, and 51% were women. Current tobacco use was prevalent in 40% (95% CI: 33.7–40.0) of men and 7.9% (95% CI: 6.4–9.8) of women. Current consumption of alcohol was prevalent among 39.1% (95% CI: 36.4–42.0) of men. Nearly 28.5% (95% CI: 26.7–30.4) of the study participants were overweight, and 11.4% (95% CI: 10.1–12.7) were obese. The prevalence of hypertension was 33.9% (95% CI: 32.0–35.8), and that of diabetes was 17.6% (95% CI: 16.1–19.2). Older age, men, and obesity were independently associated with diabetes and hypertension.

Conclusion

The burden of NCD risk factors like tobacco use, and alcohol use were high among men in the state of Tamil Nadu. The prevalence of other risk factors like physical inactivity, raised blood pressure and raised blood glucose were also high in the state. The state should further emphasise measures that reduce the burden of NCD risk factors. Policy-based and health system-based interventions to control NCDs must be a high priority for the state.
Does improved nurse staffing impact patient outcomes in cancer? Association between chronic diseases and mortality among older adult patients with lung cancer in Korea
Authors: Han Kyu-Tae , Kim Seungju
Published: May 2024

Background

Evidence regarding the impact of nurse staffing on the health outcomes of older adult patients with cancer is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of nurse staffing on long-term and short-term mortality in elderly lung cancer patients.

Methods

This study analyzed data from 5,832 patients with lung cancer in Korea from 2008 to 2018. Nursing grade was considered to assess the effect of nursing staff on mortality in older adult patients with lung cancer. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the effect of the initial treatment hospital’s nursing grade on one- and five-year mortality. Additionally, economic status and treatment type of patients were analyzed.

Results

Approximately 31% of older adult patients with lung cancer died within one year post-diagnosis. Patients in hospitals with superior nursing grades (lower nurse-to-bed ratios) exhibited lower mortality rates. Hospitals with nursing grades 2 and 3 exhibited approximately 1.242–1.289 times higher mortality than grade 1 hospitals. Further, the lower the nursing grade (higher nurse-to-bed ratio), the higher the five-year mortality rate.

Conclusion

Both short- and long-term mortality rates for older adult patients with lung cancer increased at inferior nursing grades. Treatment in hospitals having inferior nursing grades, upon initial hospitalization, may yield better outcomes. This study provides valuable insight into the quality of adequate staffing to improve the quality of care for elderly cancer patients.
Understanding empathy deficits and emotion dysregulation in psychopathy: The mediating role of alexithymia
Authors: Burghart Matthias , Sahm Alexander H. J. , Schmidt Sergej , Bulla Jan , Mier Daniela
Published: May 2024

Psychopathy is a severe personality disorder marked by a wide range of emotional deficits, including a lack of empathy, emotion dysregulation, and alexithymia. Previous research has largely examined these emotional impairments in isolation, ignoring their influence on each other. Thus, we examined the concurrent interrelationship between emotional impairments in psychopathy, with a particular focus on the mediating role of alexithymia. Using path analyses with cross-sectional data from a community sample (N = 315) and a forensic sample (N = 50), our results yielded a statistically significant mediating effect of alexithymia on the relationship between psychopathy and empathy (community and forensic) and between psychopathy and emotion dysregulation (community). Moreover, replacing psychopathy with its three dimensions (i.e., meanness, disinhibition, and boldness) in the community sample revealed that boldness may function as an adaptive trait, with lower levels of alexithymia counteracting deficits in empathy and emotion dysregulation. Overall, our findings indicate that psychopathic individuals’ limited understanding of their own emotions contributes to their lack of empathy and emotion dysregulation. This underscores the potential benefits of improving emotional awareness in the treatment of individuals with psychopathy.
Netographic narratives of user-generated travelogues on tourist destination image of Thailand
Authors: Zhu Jinsheng (Jason) , Shan Ling
Published: May 2024

The image of a tourist destination is considered a vital aspect of international travel experiences, yet research in this area remains limited. Adopting a combination of netography and qualitative research methodology, this study aims to contribute to the scientific knowledge of destination image development in Thailand by analysing online travelogues to evaluate how Chinese tourists interpret the idea of destination image. To achieve this goal, 146,641 words of Chinese internet comments containing the keyword "Thailand" from four major media sources and Chinese bloggers were gathered and analysed using netography methodology. The findings showed that there was a rise in public interest, in public forums, in the destination image of Thailand among Chinese outbound tourists. The study’s results may provide important fundamental theoretical insights and inspire further investigation into the issue of destination image construction.
Obstetric and haematological management and outcomes of women with placenta accreta spectrum by planned or urgent delivery: Secondary data analysis of a public referral hospital in Lebanon
Authors: McCall Stephen J. , Mansour Sara , Khazaal Janoub , Kayem Gilles , DeJong Jocelyn , Chahine Rabih
Published: May 2024

Background

Lebanon has a high caesarean section use and consequently, placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is becoming more common.

Objectives

To compare maternal characteristics, management, and outcomes of women with PAS by planned or urgent delivery at a major public referral hospital in Lebanon.

Design

Secondary data analysis of prospectively collected data.

Setting

Rafik Hariri University Hospital (public referral hospital), Beirut, Lebanon.

Participants

159 pregnant and postpartum women with confirmed PAS between 2007–2020.

Main outcome measures

Maternal characteristics, management, and maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Results

Out of the 159 women with PAS included, 107 (67.3%) underwent planned caesarean delivery and 52 (32.7%) had urgent delivery. Women who underwent urgent delivery for PAS management were more likely to experience antenatal vaginal bleeding compared to those in the planned group (55.8% vs 28.0%, p<0.001). Median gestational age at delivery was significantly lower for the urgent group compared to the planned (34 vs. 36 weeks, p<0.001). There were no significant differences in terms of blood transfusion rates and major maternal morbidity between the two groups; however, median estimated blood loss was significantly higher for women with urgent delivery (1500ml vs. 1200ml, p = 0.011). Furthermore, the urgent delivery group had a significantly lower birth weight (2177.5g vs. 2560g, p<0.001) with higher rates of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (53.7% vs 23.8%, p<0.001) and perinatal mortality (18.5% vs 3.8%, p = 0.005).

Conclusion

Urgent delivery among women with PAS is associated with worse maternal and neonatal outcomes compared to the planned approach. Therefore, early referral of women with known or suspected PAS to specialized centres is highly desirable to maximise optimal outcomes for both women and infants.
Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses of three different gargles in the treatment of chronic periodontitis
Authors: Chen Xin , Niu Wenzhi , Hu Guangyu , Chen Changfeng
Published: May 2024

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the economics of three different gargles in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Methods

A total of 108 patients with periodontitis received one of the following three gargles: xipayi, compound chlorhexidine, or Kangfuxin gargle. The basic information of the patients, the costs of the gargles, the periodontal indexes before and after treatment, and the scores of the 3-level version of the EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire were collected. The cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of the various gargles were determined.

Results

The cost-effectiveness ratios (CER) of the three groups after treatment were 1828.75, 1573.34, and 1876.92 RMB, respectively. The utility values before treatment were 0.92, 0.90, and 0.91, respectively, and the utility values after treatment were 0.98, 0.98, and 0.97, respectively. The cost-utility ratios (CURs) were 213.43, 195.61, and 301.53 RMB, respectively.

Conclusions

For each increase in effective rate and quality-adjusted life years, the treatment cost of periodontitis patients was lower than the gross domestic product per capita of Jiangsu Province, indicating that the treatment cost is completely worth it. The CER and CUR results were the same, and the compound chlorhexidine group was the lowest, demonstrating that when the same therapeutic effect was achieved, it cost the least.
Antibacterial activities of Miang extracts against selected pathogens and the potential of the tannin-free extracts in the growth inhibition of Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Abdullahi Aliyu Dantani , Unban Kridsada , Saenjum Chalermpong , Kodchasee Pratthana , Kangwan Napapan , Thananchai Hathairat , Shetty Kalidas , Khanongnuch Chartchai
Published: May 2024

Bacterial pathogens have remained a major public health concern for several decades. This study investigated the antibacterial activities of Miang extracts (at non-neutral and neutral pH) against Bacillus cereus TISTR 747, Escherichia coli ATCC 22595, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium TISTR 292 and Streptococcus mutans DMST 18777. The potential of Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP)-precipitated tannin-free Miang extracts in growth-inhibition of the cariogenic Streptococcus mutans DMST 18777 and its biofilms was also evaluated. The tannin-rich fermented extracts had the best bacterial growth inhibition against S. mutans DMST 18777 with an MIC of 0.29 and 0.72 mg/mL for nonfilamentous fungi (NFP) Miang and filamentous-fungi-processed (FFP) Miang respectively. This observed anti-streptococcal activity still remained after PVPP-mediated precipitation of bioactive tannins especially, in NFP and FFP Miang. Characterization of the PVPP-treated extracts using High performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-QToF-MS) analysis, also offered an insight into probable compound classes responsible for the activities. In addition, Crystal violet-staining also showed better IC50 values for NFP Miang (4.30 ± 0.66 mg/mL) and FFP Miang (12.73 ± 0.11 mg/mL) against S. mutans DMST 18777 biofilms in vitro. Homology modeling and molecular docking analysis using HPLC-MS identified ligands in tannin-free Miang supernatants, was performed against modelled S. mutans DMST 18777 sortase A enzyme. The in silico analysis suggested that the inhibition by NFP and FFP Miang might be attributed to the presence of ellagic acid, flavonoid aglycones, and glycosides. Thus, these Miang extracts could be optimized and explored as natural active pharmaceutical ingredients (NAPIs) for applications in oral hygienic products.
Charitable crowdfunding donation-intention estimation depending on emotional project images using fNIRS-based functional connectivity
Authors: Bak SuJin , Yeu Minsun , Min Dongwon , Lee Jaehoon , Jeong Jichai
Published: May 2024

Charitable fundraising increasingly relies on online crowdfunding platforms. Project images of charitable crowdfunding use emotional appeals to promote helping behavior. Negative emotions are commonly used to motivate helping behavior because the image of a happy child may not motivate donors to donate as willingly. However, some research has found that happy images can be more beneficial. These contradictory results suggest that the emotional valence of project imagery and how fundraisers frame project images effectively remain debatable. Thus, we compared and analyzed brain activation differences in the prefrontal cortex governing human emotions depending on donation decisions using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, a neuroimaging device. We advance existing theory on charitable behavior by demonstrating that little correlation exists in donation intentions and brain activity between negative and positive project images, which is consistent with survey results on donation intentions by victim image. We also discovered quantitative brain hemodynamic signal variations between donors and nondonors, which can predict and detect donor mental brain functioning using functional connectivity, that is, the statistical dependence between the time series of electrophysiological activity and oxygenated hemodynamic levels in the prefrontal cortex. These findings are critical in developing future marketing strategies for online charitable crowdfunding platforms, especially project images.
Effects of the delivery of physiotherapy on the treatment course of elderly fallers presenting to the emergency department: Protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Blandin Marie , Gallet Marie , Volteau Christelle , Le Conte Philippe , Rulleau Thomas , Le Sant Guillaume
Published: May 2024

The use of physiotherapy (PT) in the hospital emergency department (ED) has shown positive results including improvements in patient waiting time, treatment initiation, discharge type, patient outcomes, safety and acceptability of the intervention by medical staffs. These findings originate from studies that primarily focus on musculoskeletal and orthopaedic conditions. Despite a significant number of people visiting the ED, there is a shortage of literature evaluating PT in the ED for elderly populations. The objective of this study is the evaluate the effect of delivering PT in the ED (versus no delivery) in patients aged 75 and over with ‘falls’ complaints. The main objective is the evaluate the effect on the discharge disposition (discharge home, hospitalization). Secondarily, we will evaluate the effect delivering PT on patient-length of stay, the number of falls at 7 days after admission to the ED, changes between the initial and final medical decision regarding patient orientation, and medical staff satisfaction. This study will follow a prospective longitudinal design involving participants aged 75 years and over. We plan to recruit a total n = 336 patients admitted to the ED with a ‘fall’ chief complaint. After consent, participants will be randomized into either the ‘PT-group’ (receiving a prescription and execution of PT within the ED), or to the ‘no-PT group’ (no delivery of PT within the ED). The PT intervention will involve a standardized assessment of motor capacities using validated clinical examinations, and the delivery of rehabilitative exercises based on individual needs. Outcomes will be recorded from the patient’s medical record, and a phone call at 7 days. A questionnaire will be sent to medical staff. The results of this study will help to determine whether PT might be beneficial for the management of this increasing proportion of individuals who come to the ED.

Trial registration:(Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.govNCT05753319).https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05753319.
INTERPRETAÇÃO DOS CONFLITOS URBANOS E AMBIENTAIS DAS MARGENS DOS RIOS BRASILEIROS A PARTIR DA DEFINIÇÃO DE SITUAÇÕES GEOGRÁFICAS
Authors: Ferreira Renata Cristina , Gallo Fabrício
Published: May 2024

No Brasil, as áreas de várzeas localizadas ao longo dos rios urbanos são disciplinadas explicitamente, desde 1989, mesmo existindo o Código Florestal que já trazia a questão sobre florestas de preservação permanente, em 1965. Desde o início dessas institucionalizações foi proposto para essas áreas faixas fixas de preservação sem levar em considerações particularidades locais como questões físicas, de uso por populações tradicionais ou biomas específicos. A fim de compreender a existência de particularidades ao longo das margens urbanas do país, buscou-se operacionalizar o conceito de situação geográfica, presente na obra de Milton Santos, para entender as especificidades nos distintos lugares do país. A metodologia do trabalho se baseou na análise e interpretação de mais de 300 artigos apresentados nos três Seminários Nacionais sobre o Tratamento de Áreas de Preservação Permanente em Meio Urbano – APP Urbana, ocorridos em São Paulo - SP (2007), Natal - RN (2012) e Belém - PA (2014).
Mindfulness na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Dalmolin Indiara Sartori , Freitag Vera Lucia , Heidemann Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss
Published: May 2024

Este estudo buscou compreender como a meditação da atenção plena – mindfulness – promove a autonomia do enfermeiro na Atenção Primária à Saúde, à luz da teoria de Paulo Freire. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa, participante, realizada com 16 enfermeiras, por meio de entrevista aberta em profundidade, entre setembro e dezembro de 2020, e uma análise de conteúdo temática. Como resultado, constatamos que a autonomia profissional do enfermeiro na Atenção Primária à Saúde encontra-se em processo de evolução e consolidação. A formação, a busca por conhecimento, os protocolos de enfermagem e as experiências somam forças para nutrir o papel dessa categoria. Refletiu-se sobre a operacionalização da meditação no trabalho, que é possível introduzir nas prescrições de cuidado do enfermeiro, em âmbito individual e coletivo. Concluiu-se que a autonomia do enfermeiro é conquistada por diferentes frentes de atuação e que a meditação constitui um caminho com potencial para promover a autonomia profissional e o cuidado integral.
Educação Física Escolar, pensamento freireano e pedagogia crítico-libertadora
Authors: Maldonado Daniel Teixeira
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como o pensamento freireano constituiu uma pedagogia crítico-libertadora nas aulas de Educação Física Escolar a partir dos trabalhos científicos disponíveis na sala Paulo Freire, organizada pelo Colégio Brasileiro de Ciências do Esporte no ano de 2021, e de publicações realizadas entre 2022 e 2023. Após a análise do material empírico, foram encontradas 111 pesquisas entre textos curriculares, artigos científicos, dissertações de mestrado, teses de doutorado, livros e capítulos de livros. Esses trabalhos foram divididos em quatro categorias temáticas, sendo elas: legado do pensamento freireano para a Educação Física Escolar; bases epistemológicas da educação libertadora na Educação Física Escolar; currículo crítico-libertador da Educação Física; e experiências político-pedagógicas da Educação Física inspiradas no pensamento freireano. Conclui-se que é irrefutável a importância e o legado da teoria freireana para a organização de uma prática político-pedagógica crítica na Educação Física Escolar e na feitura de pesquisas participativas e dialógicas na área atualmente.
International discourses of inclusion and their local translation: Teachers' conceptions regarding an integration-inclusion reform in the canton of Bern (Switzerland)
Authors: Sieber Joaquim , Bauer Stéphanie , Borri-Anadon Corina
Published: May 2024

The inclusive paradigm is an international movement promoted by UN agencies such as UNESCO, influencing the educational policies of certain countries. Switzerland is among the countries that have initiated reforms to make their educational system more inclusive. These reforms have implications for teachers. The objective of this article is to report on teachers' conceptions regarding the ongoing integration-inclusion reform in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. A qualitative methodology was employed, based on 13 interviews conducted and analyzed in light of the theoretical framework of social change. The results highlight that, beyond a principled adherence, teachers' shared conceptions are resistant to integration-inclusion. These conceptions reveal inherent tensions within the inclusive paradigm and its development in educational systems susceptible to other international political influences, such as new public management and neoliberalismo.
enseignement de la communication en Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles : une orientation résolument professionnalisante
Authors: Mayeur Ingrid
Published: May 2024

Dans cet article, nous interrogeons les prétentions professionnalisantes de l’enseigne­ment de la communication dans l’enseignement secondaire de promotion sociale au degré supérieur, en Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles (Belgique). Après avoir précisé les particularités de ce type de formation et ses liens originels avec la professionnalisation des publics, nous analysons sur la base d’un corpus de dossiers pédagogiques la manière dont les savoirs en communication circulent et se matérialisent dans ces ressources explicitant les capacités à développer dans les unités d’enseignement au regard d’un profil professionnel défini. Nous terminons par une identification des logiques de professionnalisation à l’œuvre dans ce type d’enseignement.
De l’apprentissage comme processus et format d’une professionnalisation prescrite
Authors: De la Broise Patrice , Léonard Erika
Published: May 2024

Cette proposition vise ici à questionner les enjeux, modalités et ressources d’une professionnalisation par alternance. Ce faisant, elle interrogera : (1) l’apprentissage dans le rapport métonymique entre le processus et le format pédagogique ; (2) la partition ou le transfert de responsabilité entre l’instance académique de formation et la sphère professionnelle ; (3) la compétence négociée entre projet pédagogique et projet professionnel ; (4) la place de la recherche académique dans l’apprentissage du supérieur.
Entre scrupule éthique et crapule méthodologique
Authors: Allein Marine
Published: May 2024

Cet article explore la dynamique qui a traversé les partis-pris méthodologiques et le souci éthique d’un travail mené, par certains aspects, en « contrebande » des organisations en raison de la sensibilité d’un questionnement portant sur le dissensus en entreprises et les dilemmes managériaux. Nous développons une approche réflexive sur les trois dimensions inhérentes à des « manières de faire » scrupuleuses et crapuleuses consistant d’abord à faire place à une recherche d’interstices entre commande et contrebande (1.), puis à faire attention aux dilemmes vécus (2.) et enfin à faire fruit des contraintes et difficultés rencontrées (3.). Cela nous amène à interroger la vertu heuristique de l’inconfort pour appréhender un phénomène composite et une expérience se racontant à bas-bruits.
Sélection, présentation et légitimation des savoirs « théoriques » sur la communication dans la formation professionnelle courte
Authors: Seurrat Aude
Published: May 2024

La formation professionnelle met particulièrement en avant des savoirs issus de l’expérience, elle mobilise également des savoirs qui sont présentés comme des savoirs « théoriques ». C’est sur ces types de savoirs et sur leurs modes de sélection, de présentation et de légitimation que porte cette contribution. Basé sur une enquête menée sur les stages de formation professionnelle à la communication, l’article examine la place de « la théorie » dans ces formations ainsi que les contenus et les prétentions des « modèles théoriques » enseignés. Il interroge enfin les raisons de la faible place des sciences de l’information et de la communication au sein de ces formations.
Gambaran Pelaksanaan Performance Appraisal (PA) Di PT Pelindo Husada Citra
Authors: Munaa Nihayatul , Khofifah Rahayu Ainun , Kusdiyana Ari
Published: May 2024

Every job given to employees will be seen through employee performance. Basically employee performance is a result of work produced by an employee interpreted to achieve the expected goals. Of course, every company wants employees who have performance according to the standards set by the previous company or even exceed them. For this reason, an important activity of human resource management is needed, one of which is performance appraisal. Performance appraisal is needed to determine the results or level of success of employees. This study aims to describe the implementation of Performance Appraisal (PA) at PT Pelindo Husada Citra. This study uses a descriptive method by conducting interviews with key informants to see an overview of the implementation of Performance Appraisal (PA) at PT Pelindo Husada Citra. The results of this study show an overview of the implementation of Performance Appraisal at PT Pelindo Husada Citra when viewed from the management function, namely planning, organizing, actuating and controlling. PT Pelindo Husada Citra carried out Performance Appraisal (PA) activities well. If viewed from the management function, all criteria from the management function can describe the implementation of Performance Appraisal (PA) at PT Pelindo Husada Citra. This research is expected to be able to provide insight as material for management considerations for decision making in the process of implementing Performance Appraisal (PA).