bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crosstalk noise minimization in novel through silicon via structures
Authors: Nageswara Rao K , Veerendra Nath G , Hari Kishore K
Published: March 2018

In recent trends, through silicon via (TSV) is essential Technologies for 3-D IC integration because of its short interconnects length and high interconnect density. Beyond the existing structure of TSV, this paper provides a novel structure to investigate the crosstalk effect and same is simulated by using a SPICE simulator and 3-D field solver. The structure of the TSV comprises of copper surrounding by insulating liner, and silicon substrate. In existing structures, silicon dioxide (Sio2) is used as insulating liner because of its material compatibility with silicon substrate. Several researches provide the problem of using Sio2 is due to its high dielectric constant; as a consequence delay will increase. Therefore, Sio2 is not appropriate for high performance applications. In this work, a novel TSV structure is reported to improve the TSV performance which uses poly-propylene polymer liner instead of oxide liner. Signal TSV is enclosed by using a poly-propylene liner and amid the analysis with doping region is created around the ground TSV. For comparison purposes, conventional and proposed TSV structures are simulated. The proposed TSV’s structure simulation results in 30% decrease in crosstalk over existing TSV structures.
Limb flexion-extension counter using IR proximity sensor
Authors: Lakshmi Prabha P , R. Nair Vishal , Nair Aishwarya , Debroy Sayan , Debroy Sonalika , Amit Patro K
Published: March 2018

People belonging to different age groups whosuffered fractures, temporary limb paralysis, paraplegia and monoplegia and various stages of hypertension (High BP) need to carry out physiotherapy to regain motor control in the limb(s). So this limb flexion extension counter can assist the subject to exercise properly and independently recover with ease. This device will help to monitor parameters such as heart rate, temperature and limb flexion-extension counts. This device can detect the skin temperature while doing exercises using LM35 temperature sensor. The instrument has Arduino UNO as its microcontroller and four sensors mainly an IR heart rate sensor, LM35 temperature sensor, IR proximity sensor for limb flexion-extension counter. A cuff pressure sensor used for measuring the pressure applied to the cuff. The cuff is inflated and fixed the sensors to the upper arm. On flexing the lower arm, the IR proximity sensor generates a light output denoting a count which is displayed in the LCD display. The heart rate sensor and temperature sensor is used for assessing the subject’s vital parameters while exercising. In conclusion doing more exercise causes rise in heart rate and if it goes beyond 90-100 beats per minute exercising should be stopped.
Tissue Detection and Typisation of Human Papillomavirus in Women with Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Squamous Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix
Authors: Dabeski Drage , Danilovski Dragan , Antovska Vesna , Basheska Neli , Popovska Zora , Avramovska Maja
Published: March 2018

Introduction. The most common risk factor for intraepithelial lesions and cervical carcinoma is infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), especially with high-risk HPV genotypes. Only persistent, high-risk HPV infections represent a major risk factor for intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer. The aims of the study were: detection and typisation of HPV genotypes, which are the most common causes of intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer, determination of the correlation between HPV infection and histopathological diagnosis, and the correlation between the grade of lesion of the cervix and oncogenic potential of the virus as well as determination of the most affected age group of patients.

Methods. This cross-sectional study included 100 sexually active patients with an abnormal Pap test at the age from 20 to 69 years (39±10.77), and was conducted at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Skopje and University Clinic of Radiotherapy and Oncology in Skopje in the period from January 2014 to August 2014. In all patients colposcopic cervical biopsy was made with endocervical curettage for histopathological analysis and cervical biopsy for detection and HPV typisation. HPV detection and typisation were done using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse hybridization.

Results. HPV DNA was detected in 81.0% (81/100) of the examined women. The relationship between the prevalence of high-risk and low-risk HPV DNA genotypes was 72.0%:9.0%. The frequency of high-risk HPV DNA genotypes ranged from: 54.5% (12/22) in productive HPV infection-mild dysplasia, 86.4% (19/22) with moderate dysplasia, 91.2% (21/23) in severe dysplasia to 100% of squamous cell carcinoma in situ (6/6) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (5/5). Mixed HPV infection was detected in 19.0% (19/100) of all patients, in 23.5% (19/81) of HPV DNA positive patients. The most common HPV DNA genotypes, in descending order, were HPV 16 (43.2%), HPV 31 (28.4%), HPV 18 (14.8%), etc. The highest frequency of HPV infection was found in patients under 30 years of age.

Conclusion. There was an association between HPV infection and squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous invasive carcinoma of the cervix. There was a correlation between the grade of cervical lesion and the oncogenic potential of the virus. The results of this study may be useful for building a national strategy in the fight against cervical cancer.
Low Insertion of the Cystic Duct in the Common Hepatic Duct as a Coincidence with an Onset of a Pancreatic Cephalic Carcinoma
Authors: Sumkovski Aleksandar , Gjosev Stojan , Ognjenovikj Ljubomir , Trajkovska Meri , Spasovski Goce
Published: March 2018

Introduction. The normal anatomy of the cystic duct (CD) has been described a long time ago, but the basic description is valid up today: average length 2-4 mm, caliber 1-1.5 mm, and reduced volume by the spiral mu­­cous folds of Heister. Anatomic variants of the CD and its aberrant insertion lead to confusion during pre­opera­tive imaging examinations, and particularly to un­­pleasant situation during surgery, when the surgeon has to confirm positive identification of the anatomical struc­tures, in order to avoid iatrogenic biliary lesion. The aim of this prospective observation study was to evaluate the eventual bond between the low insertion of the CD in the common hepatic duct (CHD) and the onset of the pan­creatic cephalic carcinoma (PCC).

Methods. In this study we examined 21 patients with PCC. The inclusion criteria was diagnosed PCC in ope­rable stage. The method for estimation of both, the ope­ra­bility and the site of insertion of the CD into CHD cons­isted of: ultrasonography (US), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), CT and MRI. Finally, the surgical procedure was extensive duodenopan­cre­a­tectomy, Whipple procedure. The surgical procedure was supplemented with periarterectomy and bilateral coeliac ganglienectomy in purpose of radical treat­ment and denervation.

Results. Of the total of 21 patients, we revealed low in­sertion of the CD (LICD) in 6 patients (28%). In 4 pa­tients (3 male and 1 female), the LICD was presented with complete dilatation of the biliary tree, including CD, CHD and the gallbladder, while in 2 patients the CD and its low insertion were absent on the images-ERCP, CT. In these 2 patients the appearance was amid the cranial infiltration and growth of the carcinoma.

Conclusions. Comparison with other reference radiolo­gical and anatomical studies, our results significantly di­ffer in the frequency of the appearance of the LICD. This may partially be due to different definitions and criteria referring to LICD. On the other hand, the observed diffe­rences may be caused by the eventually present connec­tion between the LICD and PCC. Therefore, further stu­dies with a larger number of participants are necessary (anatomical, pathological and genetic), to confirm or to deny the predicted bond between the LICD and PCC.
Crystal structure of poly{[μ2-(E)-1,4-bis(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)but-2-ene-κ2
N:N′][μ3–cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylato-κ4
O,O′:O′′:O′′′]cadmium(II)}, C26H26CdN4O4
Authors: Huang Wen-bo , Yang Yan , Suo Jian
Published: March 2018

C26H26CdN4O4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.1676(8) Å, b = 13.4592(9) Å, c = 15.5782(10) Å, β = 112.1310(10) Å, V = 2363.2(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0244, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0584, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of N-(2-chlorophenyl)methoxycarbothioamide, C8H8ClNOS
Authors: Yeo Chien Ing , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: March 2018

C8H8ClNOS, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 6.7658(5) Å, b = 8.0344(10) Å, c = 9.6285(12) Å, α = 66.279(12)°, β = 72.245(9)°, γ = 87.699(8)°, V = 454.31(10) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.056, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.158, T = 100 K.
Heterosis and combining ability for yield and other agronomic traits in Triticale
Authors: Ferrari Enzo , Picca Aurora , Domínguez Rodolfo , Paccapelo Héctor
Published: March 2018

The estimation of genetic parameters such as heterosis (Mh), heterobeltiosis (Hh), general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) allows inferences about the predominant action of the genes, indicates the appropriate selection strategy, and facilitates identification of the best parents. The present study was carried out using a diallel cross system among five genotypes of Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmak). Genotypes CIMMYT 829 (G1), CIMMYT 830 (G2), CIMMYT 834 (G3), CIMMYT 820 (G4) and Antonio UNLPam (G5) were crossed in a complete diallel combination without reciprocal crosses, in La Pampa, Argentina. The additive genetic effects were of greater importance than the nonadditive ones for the following traits: spike length (SL), days to anthesis (AD), spikelets per spike (SS); grains per spike (GS), 1000-kernel weight (1000-KW), grain yield (GY), test weight (TW) and harvest index (HI). The G1 and G4 parents showed better GCA for GY, HI, 1000-KW and SL indicating a greater contribution of additive gene action and a promising feature to obtain prominent recombination lines. The G1xG4 cross showed Hh and a significant SCA value for GY, indicating a greater contribution of the non-additive gene action, useful to develop hybrids.
Are Advocates General Political? An Empirical Analysis of the Voting Behavior of the Advocates General at the European Court of Justice
Authors: Frankenreiter Jens
Published: March 2018

The question whether political preferences of EU Member States play a role in the decision-making of the members of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) has so far gone largely unanswered in the literature. This paper formally tests the hypothesis that the political preferences of Member State governments are reflected in the decisions of the Advocates General, who are judge-like members of the ECJ. The empirical analysis is motivated by a novel model of the interaction between the Advocate General and the judicial panel. Based on this model, the paper develops a formal test to answer whether there is a relationship between the policy preferences of EU Member State governments with regard to European integration and the decision behavior of Advocates General appointed by these governments. It then tests this hypothesis using a newly assembled dataset combining information on agreements and disagreements between the opinions issued by the Advocates General and the ensuing judgments of the ECJ in preliminary ruling proceedings with information on political preferences of Member State governments obtained from party manifesto data. The results of this test suggest that the votes of Advocates General reflect the political preferences of the appointing governmentsvis-à-visEuropean integration.
Wolfenbüttel, a Minor German Duchy But a Major Center of Cryptology in the Early Modern Period
Authors: Strasser Gerhard F.
Published: March 2018

This paper highlights cryptographic activities from 1540 to about 1680 at the small duchy-Brunswick-Lüneburg in northern Germany, not too far from Hanover (see Fig. 1, p. 2). The analysis shall proceed chronologically and present some relevant examples from the 16th century before focusing on the most important German cryptological author of his time, Duke August the Younger (1579-1666).
Metal-Phenolic Encapsulated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for pH-Responsive Drug Delivery and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Chen Yan , Wang Juan , Liu Jianhua , Lu Lehui
Published: March 2018

The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is locked in the mesoporous silica nanoparticle by coating FeIII-TA polymer, and its burst release can be achieved under acidic environment, along with the decreased longitudinal relaxivity. This nanoplatform shows great potential to monitoring the drug delivery process and the fate of the nanocarrier.
O Cliente e o Design Estratégico: uma análise da percepção das organizações após a implementação das estratégias.
Authors: Nascimento Manoela De Freitas
Published: March 2018

O cenário econômico tem sofrido constantes transformações e exigido das organizações iniciativas que as mantenham diferenciadas de seus concorrentes. Nesse contexto, se vê surgir a oportunidade para que novas abordagens sejam adotadas pelas empresas, a fim de complementarem modelos de gestão já estabelecidos. Considerando que a prática do design se faz necessária àqueles que têm que lidar com decisões em um contexto turbulento e incerto, na medida em que permite que as organizações enfrentem o complexo cenário contemporâneo, torna-se possível refletir sobre sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento de estratégias organizacionais. Embora, se reconheça o design como um ativo estratégico de alto desempenho, ainda encontram-se poucos estudos no contexto brasileiro que apresentem elementos que destaquem sua importância em nível estratégico. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a percepção das empresas, após implementarem estratégias desenvolvidas sob perspectiva do design estratégico. Para alcançar tal propósito, realizou-se uma investigação de natureza exploratória, por meio de quatro entrevistas em profundidade com clientes de uma empresa de Tecnologia da Informação (TI), de Porto Alegre/RS. Com os resultados encontrados busca-se contribuir com estudos que pretendem compreender o papel do design como orientador de estratégias organizacionais, ampliando o foco em processos de construção da estratégia para uma perspectiva mais ampla, a qual engloba a percepção do cliente em relação às potencialidades do design do estratégico.
A PRÁTICA DA DERIVA E OS FOTÓGRAFOS OCULTOS
Authors: Costa Ítalo Franco , Brandão Cláudia Mariza Mattos
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a prática da Carto/Foto/Graphia, utilizando os registros da fotógrafa Vivian Maier (BRANDÃO, 2016), da metade final do século XX, e as fotografias do acadêmico Ítalo Franco, relacionando-as e discutindo sobre a importância da percepção do local em que se vive, a fim de estimular o senso crítico sobre a realidade, necessário para que os sujeitos possam filtrar as imagens que perpassam o cotidiano. A discussão integra as ações do projeto de pesquisa “DO PÍNCEL AO PÍXEL: sobre as (re)apresentações de sujeitos/mundo em imagens”, desenvolvido no âmbito do PhotoGraphein – Núcleo de Pesquisa em Fotografia e Educação (UFPel/CNPq), que tem como objetivo refletir sobre a fotografia como um recurso de representação das pessoas e dos seus percursos (auto)biográficos, e, principalmente, de criação e acumulação de conhecimentos produzidos sobre os sujeitos/fotógrafos e seus imaginários.
CONCEPÇÃO, MONTAGEM, E AVALIAÇÃO DA EXPOSIÇÃO TEMPORÁRIA "A VIDA EFÊMERA DOS OBJETOS: UM OLHAR PÓS-ENCHENTE" NO MUSEU GRUPPELLI, PELOTAS/RS
Authors: Pinheiro Maurício André Maschke , Matthies Giovani Vahl , Brahm José Paulo Siefert , Ribeiro Diego Lemos
Published: March 2018

O texto que segue busca refletir sobre o processo expositivo concebido após evento traumático ocorrido no Museu Gruppelli. No dia 26 de março de 2016, a comunidade do Sétimo Distrito de Pelotas foi acometida por uma enchente de proporções inéditas. Casas e comércios da região sofreram enormes perdas. Com o Museu Gruppelli não foi diferente. Parte do acervo foi arrastado pela força da água, se perdeu, ou foi danificado, de forma irreversível. Entre as principais perdas do acervo está o tacho de cobre e a cadeira que ficava no cenário da barbearia. A partir desse acontecimento, elaboramos uma exposição temporária, intitulada “a vida efêmera dos objetos: um olhar pós-enchente”, que busca contar a história da tragédia ocorrida no Museu, através da visão dos objetos. Por esse contexto, o presente artigo tem por finalidade fazer um breve relato das etapas de concepção, montagem e avaliação da exposição temporária mencionada. Do mesmo modo, abre caminho para refletir sobre a musealização do ausente e do trato de acervos que passaram por eventos traumáticos.
FOTOGRAFIAS POST MORTEM ENTRE IMIGRANTES POMERANOS
Authors: Gehrke Cristiano , Cerqueira Fábio Vergara
Published: March 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar um grupo de fotografias que faz parte do acervo do Museu da Imigração Pomerana de São Lourenço do Sul/RS, que retratam pessoas já falecidas. Representando algo que nos provoca ao mesmo tempo repulsa e fascinação, este tipo de registro era uma situação tornada bastante comum em determinadas regiões do país devido à frequência da morte prematura de crianças ou adultos e a impossibilidade de produção de retratos destes, quando em vida. Além disso, existia até o início do século XX uma espécie de positivação da morte, uma vez que esta era compreendia como uma passagem para o encontro definitivo com Deus e assim, a produção de registros fotográficos seria uma forma de consolo aos familiares. Deste modo, pretende-se analisar o processo de elaboração de tais retratos, as motivações de sua produção, bem como as utilizações posteriores que estes registros tiveram ao longo dos anos.
ARTE CEMITERIAL EM PELOTAS: UMA ANÁLISE PATRIMONIAL E MUSEOLÓGICA
Authors: Barbosa Lucas Moura , De Carvalho Márcio Dillmann
Published: March 2018

As sociedades têm seus diferentes costumes de encarar a morte, suas ações são evidenciadas pelo sentimento de perda e ao vínculo com a perpetuação da memória daquele ente que não está mais em seu convívio. Essa memória é retratada pela construção de monumentos que representam entre vários aspectos, a religiosidade e o poder. Os túmulos e jazigos são os representantes da Arte Cemiterial, esses repletos de informações visíveis e invisíveis, são grandes ferramentas e fontes de memória e história. Suas formas são repletas de símbolos, atributos e alegorias, conjuntos artísticos que correspondem a um importante patrimônio cultural. Na maioria das vezes, tais monumentos não são corretamente evidenciados e protegidos, pretende-se assim neste trabalho analisar sua importância e caracteriza-la através de um viés museológico, relacionado às suas possibilidades de apropriação e mediação. Utilizaremos para este trabalho obras encontrados no Cemitério da Santa Casa, atualmente designado como Cemitério Ecumênico São Francisco de Paula, localizado no bairro Fragata, na cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul e fundado em 1856. O ambiente é repleto de imagens e representações escultóricas, atribuídas a importantes artistas plásticos, evidencia-se assim um espetáculo ao céu aberto importante de ser preservado.
Analysis of Local Financial Management Transparency Based on Websites on Local Government in Java
Authors: Adriana Anissa , Ritonga Irwan Taufiq
Published: March 2018

The aim of this research is to analyze financial management transparency of local governments in Java using scoring and rating. The financial management transparency of the local governments is scored based on presentation of local financial information uploaded on each local government’s official website in Jawa in the fiscal years 2016.This research is a qualitative research with the object of research is all local government in Java. Data analysis in two levels, namely the transparency of local government financial management and identification of local government characteristics based on transparency of financial management. Data analysis in two levels, namely the transparency of local government financial management and identification of local government characteristics based on transparency of financial management. The results show that the Special Capital Region of Jakarta obtained the highest transparency index, at 58, 02% whereas Madiun Regency received the lowest transparency index, at 3, 40%. The average transparency index in Jawa for the fiscal years 2016 was still low, at only 19, 59%.The conclusion of this research is that Java regional governments consider the transparency of local financial management using less important websites because it is considered as a better thing not delivered to the public.
SULFATION PATHWAYS: Expression of SULT2A1, SULT2B1 and HSD3B1 in the porcine testis and epididymis
Authors: Zimmer B , Tenbusch L , Klymiuk M C , Dezhkam Y , Schuler G
Published: March 2018

In the porcine testis, in addition to estrogen sulfates, the formation of numerous sulfonated neutral hydroxysteroids has been observed. However, their functions and the underlying synthetic pathways are still widely unclear. To obtain further information on their formation in postpubertal boars, the expression of sulfotransferases considered relevant for neutral hydroxysteroids (SULT2A1, SULT2B1) was investigated in the testis and defined segments of the epididymis applying real-time RT-qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Sulfotransferase activities were assessed in tissue homogenates or cytosolic preparations applying dehydroepiandrosterone and pregnenolone as substrates. A highSULT2A1expression was confirmed in the testis and localized in Leydig cells by IHC. In the epididymis,SULT2A1expression was virtually confined to the body.SULT2B1expression was absent or low in the testis but increased significantly along the epididymis. Immunohistochemical observations indicate that both enzymes are secreted into the ductal lumen via an apocrine mechanism. The results from the characterization of expression patterns and activity measurements suggest that SULT2A1 is the prevailing enzyme for the sulfonation of hydroxysteroids in the testis, whereas SULT2B1 may catalyze the formation of sterol sulfates in the epididymis. In order to obtain information on the overall steroidogenic capacity of the porcine epididymis, the expression of important steroidogenic enzymes (CYP11A1, CYP17A1, CYP19, HSD3B1, HSD17B3, SRD5A2) was monitored in the defined epididymal segments applying real-time RT-qPCR. Surprisingly, in addition to a high expression ofSRD5A2in the epididymal head, a substantial expression ofHSD3B1was detected, which increased along the organ.
Molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoids on skeleton and bone regeneration after fracture
Authors: Hachemi Yasmine , Rapp Anna E , Picke Ann-Kristin , Weidinger Gilbert , Ignatius Anita , Tuckermann Jan
Published: March 2018

Glucocorticoid hormones (GCs) have profound effects on bone metabolism. Via their nuclear hormone receptor – the GR – they act locally within bone cells and modulate their proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. Consequently, high glucocorticoid levels – as present during steroid therapy or stress – impair bone growth and integrity, leading to retarded growth and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, respectively. Because of their profound impact on the immune system and bone cell differentiation, GCs also affect bone regeneration and fracture healing. The use of conditional-mutant mouse strains in recent research provided insights into the cell-type-specific actions of the GR. However, despite recent advances in system biology approaches addressing GR genomics in general, little is still known about the molecular mechanisms of GCs and GR in bone cells. Here, we review the most recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of the GR in general and the known cell-type-specific actions of the GR in mesenchymal cells and their derivatives as well as in osteoclasts during bone homeostasis, GC excess, bone regeneration and fracture healing.
Cerkiewnosłowiański przekład Ewangelii Mateusza w okresie po święcie Pięćdziesiątnicy w serbskich apostołach-ewangeliarzach krótkich Sv-17 i KM-512
Authors: Ostapczuk Jerzy
Published: March 2018

(rękopis nr 17 ze zbioru P.I. Sewastjanowa (f. 270) Rosyjskiej Biblioteki Narodowej w Moskwie oraz nr 512 Biblioteki Narodowej śww. Cyryla i Metodego w Sofii)Rozpoczęte przed kilkoma laty badania cerkiewnosłowiańskiego przekładu Dobrej Nowiny w lekcjonarzach krótkich (lesk), polegające na porównywaniu wszystkich perykop jednego okresu liturgicznego, umożliwiły wskazanie bliskich sobie tekstologicznie rękopisów [Ostapczuk 2008]....Jerzy OstapczukThe Church Slavonic Translation of the Gospel of Matthew in the Period after the Pentacost from Serbian Apostol-Gospel Abbreviated Lectionaries Sv-17 and KM-512The article is devoted to two abbreviated Serbian Apostol-Gospel lectionaries from the collections of the Russian State Library in Moscow, P. I. Sevastianov collection (f. 270), no. 17 (Sv-17) and the Bulgarian National Library (Sts. Cyril and Methodius) in Sofia, no. 512 (KM-512).The collation of liturgical readings of the Gospel of Matthew (from the Pentecostal period of Synaxarion), based on 71 manuscripts, has shown that these two manuscripts have unusual readings (in terms of translation, additions, omissions, harmonization, etc.) that are characteristic only for these two lectionaries.The existence of the unusual readings of the Gospel of Matthew in these two lectionaries allows us to classify them as textologically homogeneous Church Slavonic manuscripts of the abbreviated lectionary.Keywords: Gospel of Matthew; lectionary, abbreviated, text criticism, Church Slavonic manuscript.
Еще раз о передаче литовских имен собственных в русском тексте
Authors: Синочкина Бируте
Published: March 2018

Корректная передача имен собственных (и близких к ним слов, обозначающих безэквивалентные национально-специфические реалии) одного языка графическими средствами другого всегда представляет собой довольно сложную задачу. Не является исключением и употребление литовских имен и фамилий, а также географических и иных непереводимых названий в текстах на русском языке. Как известно, для включения иноязычных слов в текст на данном языке применяется практическая транскрипция, цель которой — передать по возможности неискаженным звуковой облик транскрибируемых слов с учетом написания в оригинале и сложившихся традиций. Важность звуковой оболочки в передаче ономастики обусловлена своеобразием семиотической природы имен собственных: в отличие от нарицательных, для которых существеннее значение, они называют индивидуальные объекты непосредственно, минуя ступень представления или общего понятия [Гиляревский, Старостин 1985, 4–5]....Birute SinochkinaRendering of the Lithuanian Proper Names in Russian Texts ReconsideredThe article analyzes the principles of transcription of Lithuanian anthroponymy and toponymy in the Russian language. The existing guidelines for Lithuanian-Russian transcription are examined in light of the current writing practices. The analysis is primarily concerned with the rendering of the Lithuanian letter e after consonants and the spelling of borrowed names in Russian. Suggestions for the improvement of the principles of transcription are also provided.Keywords: Lithuanian-Russian transcription of Lithuanian anthroponymy and toponymy.
О переводе русской лексемы бакалея на польский язык
Authors: Душкин Максим
Published: March 2018

Лексические системы польского и русского языков во многом схожи, как в силу общности происхождения, так и в силу наличия в них заимствований из других языков. На фоне общего сходства русской и польской лексических систем особый интерес вызывают формально подобные лексемы, у которых нет семантического соответствия в другом языке. В случаях перевода таких лексем возникают специфические проблемы. Случаи эти интересны не только с языковой, но и с культурной точки зрения. Понятия, которые отражаются в лексике одного славянского языка и отсутствуют в другом, выражают определенные культурные, бытовые различия; эти различия могут быть несущественны и единичны, и в этом случае их описание тем более интересно: с точки зрения межкультурного диалога (при переводе) важно, какими средствами передается отсутствующее в принимающем языке понятие....Maksim DuszkinOn the Translation of the Russian Lexeme бакалея into PolishThe paper discusses the Russian word бакалея and the issues in finding ways to translate it into Polish. The semantics of this Russian word has undergone several changes during the 18th–20th centuries, therefore, when translating, one should take into account the period of time that the Russian text is describing or comes from. It should be noted that there is no Polish lexeme which could be considered as an equivalent translation of the word бакалея used in contemporary texts.Keywords: translation, Russian, Polish, lexikon.
К вопросу о диалектной общности русского говора старообрядцев в Польше и русских говоров Прибалтики
Authors: Гжибовский Стефан
Published: March 2018

[full article, abstract in Russian; abstract in Lithuanian and English]

In 2001, Valery N. Chekmonas (1936–2004), an excellent expert on Slavic and Baltic languages, advanced a hypothesis that Old Believers’ Russian dialects in the Baltic area form a rural dialectal community, partly due to their origin. This view was repeated in his paper that was prepared together with Nadezhda Morozova and published in 2007. The Old Believers’ dialect in Poland, investigated by scholars from Nicholas Copernicus University in Toruń (Poland) for several years, appears to be the most western point of the dialects at issue and seems to give additional arguments to Chekmonas’s view.This paper examines the lexical items that may be of Polish origin or are consonant with Polish words. A partial investigation of the collected material (about 15% of all records) allows us to affirm that many of them are present in Russian dialects in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. Some of them are restricted to the Baltic area, but most of them can be found in the Russian dialects close to that area (Pskov, Novgorod, Smolensk, Briansk), others in the different Siberian dialect and, what is very significant, in the Belarusian as well. Thus, the investigation supports Valery N. Chekmonas’s hypothesis. Further researches should provide new arguments.
O metodologii badań kultury pamięci miasta postsocjalistycznego (na przykładzie współczesnego Wilna)
Authors: Kasner Małgorzata
Published: March 2018

[full article, abstract in Polish; abstract in Lithuanian and English]

The principal objective of this paper is to analyze the issue of the contemporary city and its memory. The end of the 20th century has brought an increased number of works on the memory of a city. This phenomenon has amplified the development of urban studies, architecture, geography and human studies as well. In this way, a so-called “spatial turn” took place. The “spatial turn” term refers to the change in thought of social and human scientists to the space that does not determine social action but provides a context for it. Space facilitates social action and creates a stimulus for social action to take place. Any city and its space have their own “language” speaking to us through their topographies, landscapes, architecture, art – anything that shapes the city’s aura and registers it in the memory culture. It can be reconstructed on the basis of various and rich urban representations. The fascinating and complex issue of a city’s memory in the postmodern age is a huge research challenge. In this context, the concept of transculturality, developed by Wolfgang Welsch, and all research achievements up to now are extremely inspiring. The examples collected by the author will illustrate possible research directions and useful scientific tools to conduct the analysis of Vilnius memory after 1990.
Effect of fulvic and humic acids on copper and zinc homeostasis in rats
Authors: Hullár István , Vucskits András Valentin , Berta Erzsébet , Andrásofszky Emese , Bersényi András , Szabó József
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA), the two main compounds of humic substances (HSs), on copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) homeostasis. Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine experimental groups. The control diet (AIN-93G formula) and the diets supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% FA or HA were fed for 26 days. Cu and Zn concentrations of the large intestinal content (LIC), liver, kidney, femur and hair were determined. FA and HA did not influence significantly the Cu or Zn contents of the experimental diets, the rats’ feed intake, weight gain and the feed to gain ratio. Both FA and HA decreased the Cu concentrations of the LIC significantly and in a dose-related manner; however the absorption-stimulating effect of HA was more pronounced. FA increased the Cu content of the liver, but neither FA nor HA had a dose-dependent effect on it. FA or HA supplementations had no significant effect on the Cu concentration of the kidney. At the concentrations used, dietary FA or HA supplementations are not promising growth promoters. FA influences the Cu homeostasis unlike HA, because FA not only stimulates Cu absorption, but the extra quantity of absorbed Cu is retained in the organism. The stimulatory effect of HA on Zn absorption may not be manifested in Cu and Zn homeostasis, because of the tight connection of these microelements to FA and HA, which prevents the transmission of Zn from the ZnHA complex to the organs. As regards the effect of FA and HA on Cu and Zn homeostasis, both FA and HA stimulated the absorption of these microelements, but only FA increased the retention of Cu (in the liver) and Zn (in the kidney).
Problematika Politik Islam: Abtara Udealitas dan Realitas Perspektif Muhammad Said al-'Asmawi
Authors: Suis Suis
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Diskusi mengenai hubungan agama dan politik adalah perbincangan yang sulit disudai. Ini terjadi disebabkan kedua term itu memiliki akar yang berbeda. Jika agama dianggap sakral sebab memang bersumber dari wahyu sementara politik adalah bersumber dari pikiran manusia yang mengutamakan kebutuhan yang dihadapi dalam realitas kemanusiaan. Bagi Muhammad Said al-Asmawi, hubungan politik dan Islam harus ditempatkan sebagaimana mestinya dengan tetap melihat kekhasan yang dimilikinya. Apapun yang dilakukan kelompok yang mendengungkan formulasi politik Islam yang ideal ternyata hanyalah jargon ideologis semata bukan menimbang kepentingan besar umat Islam. Hal ini. dalam kenyataannya perbedaan konsep politik Islam terjadi di berbagai belahan dunia, termasuk yang mayoritas penduduknya beragama Islam. Faktor ideologi sebuah negara menjadi penentu perbedaan itu terjadi sehingga akan lebih baiknya kemudia hubungan formulasi hubungan Islam dan politik tidak hanya dilihat secara formil. Tapi, yang terpenting substansi nilai-nilai Islam hadir dalam setiap momentum-momentum politik. Kalau hal ini tidak diindahkan tegas Said al-Asmawi, dengan memaksakan agama hadir secara formil dalam ranah politik Islam dimungkinkan terjadi pengebirian Islam itu sendiri. Alih-alih Islam hadir untuk kebaikan semua, keberadaannya akan selalu dijadikan alat pembenar bagi setiap kebijakan politik sehingga tidak heran, misalnya yang dilakukan kelompok fundamentalis, kekerasan politik selalu dilegalkan oleh pesan-pesan keagamaan yang ditafsirkan kurang tepat sesuai dengan ideologinya. Karenanya, sekali lagi, Said al-Asmawi menolak keras pemaksaan Islam dalam ranah politik, demi kemaslahatan kemanusiaan sesuai dengan tujuan Islam itu hadir dalam ruang kemanusiaan.Kata Kunci: Politik, Islam, ideologi, realitas
Landscape Pemikiran Abu al-A'la al-Mawdudi (1903-1979) tentang Konsep Negara Islam
Authors: Al-Hamidy Abu Dzarrin
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Sosok Mawdudi hadir dengan membawa semangat idealisme yang begitu kuat dalam segenap pemikiran maupun gerakan-gerakannya. Semangat untuk melakukan rintisan besar-besaran di Negara Pakistan—suatu negara di mana ia tinggal—tersebut didasarkan pada confidence yang kuat yang terpatri dalam kepribadiannya. Ia berpandangan, bahwa konsep segala sesuatu ada dalam norma ajaran agama Islam sehingga tidak perlu mengadopsi ajaran-ajaran di luar Islam termasuk dari Barat. Konsep negara Islam adalah salah satu aspek yang menjadi pusat perhatiannya. Baginya, Sistem kenegaraan Islam tidak dapat disebut “demokrasi” karena dalam sistem demokrasi kekuasaan negara itu sepenuhnya di tangan  “rakyat”, dalam arti bahwa suatu undang-undang atau hukum itu diundangkan, diubah, dan diganti semata-mata berdasarkan pendapat dan keinginan rakyat. Sistem politik Islam lebih tepat disebut “teokrasi” yang pengertian teokrasi di sini sama sekali berbeda dengan teokrasi di Eropa. Teokrasi Eropa adalah suatu sistem di mana kekuasaan negara berada pada kelas tertentu, kelas pendeta, yang dengan atas nama Tuhan menyusun dan mengundangkan suatu undang-undang atau hukum kepada rakyat sesuai dengan keinginan dan kepentingan kelas itu dan memerintah negara dengan berlindung di belakang “hukum-hukum Tuhan”. Sedangkan teokrasi dalam Islam, kekuasaan Tuhan itu berada di tangan umat Islam yang melaksanakannya sesuai dengan apa yang telah disampaikan oleh al-Qur’an dan Sunnah Nabi. Atau mungkin dapat diciptakan istilah baru dalam hal ini, yaitu “teodemokrasi” karena dalam sistem ini umat Islam memiliki kedaulatan rakyat yang terbatas. Kata kunci: Konsep negara Islam, demokrasi, teokrasi, teodemokrasi
Korporasi dalam Perspektif Subyek Hukum Pidana
Authors: Amirullah Amirullah
Published: March 2018

Abtraksi; Korporasi adalah perikatan beberapa orang yang bersepakat dengan tujuan mencari keuntungan dan diakui keberadaannya secara hukum (berbadan hukum). Korporasi sebagai subyek hukum pidana dapat dipersamakan dengan manusia. Karena di dalamnya terdapat hak dan kewajiban yang diberikan oleh hukum, dan karenanya kecakapan korporasi juga dipersamakan dengan kecakapan manusia yang terlibat di dalamnya. Pembahasan pokok hukum pidana mencakup tiga aspek, yaitu 1) perbuatan, 2) pertanggungjawaban, dan 3) pidana (sanksi yang diberikan terhadap pelanggar hukum). Secara terori dan praktis ketiganya merupakan unsur yang terpisah dan berbeda satu sama lain.  Seseorang dinyatakan telah melanggar hukum pidana apabila perbuatan yang dilakukan tidak sesuai dan bertentangan dengan norma hukum yang telah termaktub dalam perundang-undang yaitu Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana. Pada dasarnya asas legalitas lazim disebut juga dengan terminologi “principle of legality”, “legaliteitbeginsel”, “non-retroaktif”, “de la legalite” atau “ex post facto laws”. Ketentuan asas legalitas diatur dalam Pasal 1 ayat (1) Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) Indonesia yang berbunyi: “Tiada suatu peristiwa dapat dipidana selain dari kekuatan ketentuan undang-undang pidana yang mendahuluinya.” (Geen feit is strafbaar dan uit kracht van een daaran voorafgegane wetteljke strafbepaling).Kata Kunci: Korporasi, Hukum, Pidana, Legalitas
Sikap Ikhwanul Muslimin tentang Nasionalisme dan Relevansinya dengan Konsepsi Ummah
Authors: Zen M. Anwar
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about the attitude of the Muslim Brotherhood on nationalism and its relevance to the concept of ummah. Nationalism, for the Muslim Brotherhood, is a love of the homeland, liberating the land from occupation, and strengthening brotherhood. Nationalism’s goal is to guide Muslim men toward the light of Islam and to raise the banner of Islam highly in each hemisphere in reaching the worldly prosperity and merely for the sake of gaining the pleasure of Allah. The Muslim Brotherhood’s nationalism indicates a universalism which is implication of the belief bond. Therefore, their concept of nationalism is universal since it is not restricted by races, territories, and geographies. Furthermore, the attitude of the Muslim Brotherhood also indicate the orientation of the divinity that Islam can colors in every human life for the sake of gaining the pleasure of Allah and prosperity in the worldly life.Keywords: Muslim brotherhood, nationalism, ummah
Peran Politik Perempuan Pondok Pesantren Ihyaul Ulum Dukun Gresik
Authors: Hubet Abdulla
Published: March 2018

Abstract: One of the factors that encourages women in Ihyaul-Ulum Islamic boarding school in politics is their willingness to participate in the development process, especially in regions. They view that politics is a part of the broadcasting media of the Islamic propaganda. The women’s involvement of Ihyaul-Ulum Islamic boarding school in politics is not merely passive but active. It is either for supporting the ruling party or a certain administrator to delegate one of them to become a candidate in a certain position. The more elected women of the Islamic boarding school show that the political position of women is culturally very significant. They have proved to be a board member of the country, an achievement that deserves to be appreciated. In Islam, women occupy an important position as men do. Islam came with the principle of equality among all humans. The only standard is their capability in performing their duties as a legislator and as a leader.Keywords: Politics of women, Islamic boarding school, Gresik
Advokasi terhadap Pelacuran Anak di Lokalisasi Dolly Surabaya
Authors: Hartono Hartono
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about advocacy against child prostitution in Dolly-Surabaya. Child prostitution is an act that violates the fundamental rights of the children from any kind of exploitation activities. The people who cause prostitution are to be punished in accordance with the applied regulations. Advocacy on child prostitution in Dolly is where the act of prostitution is not getting any penalties or sanctions because the child only has an obligatory capability and not an act capability. The parties that led to the child victims of prostitution should be punished by the assumption that they have done fraud and coercion. Moreover, child prostitution is a form of human trafficking. The advocacy dedicated to child as the victim of prostitution is: first, litigation advocacy with the target of those children’s fundamental rights which have been violated by others can be restored; second, budgetary advocacy with the goal of keeping the budget managed by the government can be allocated appropriately to children who become the victim of prostitution; and third, policy advocacy with the aim of protecting the fundamental rights and improving the welfare of the children who become the victim of prostitution, both of morally and materially.Keywords: Advocacy, child prostitution, Dolly localization
Urgensi Demokrasi dalam Upaya Pembentukan Negara Ideal Menurut Muhammad Syahrur
Authors: Muwahhidin M. Agus
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Democracy for Shahrur is a representation of the concept of shura in modern time. This is because the concept of shura is a part of the dialectic of life. Therefore, It is subject to change, depending on space and time. This is what Shahrur called as the term of value and technical point of shura. As for the pressure point of democracy is subject to shari’ah. Such understanding is evidenced by a definition that democracy is the practice of freedom by a group of humans in accordance with the authority of knowledge, ethics, aesthetics, customs, and religious laws. The urgency of democracy in the efforts to establish the ideal state, which according to Shahrur is  called a “secular” countr is a state that bases its legitimacy from the people and not from the religious scholars. It is also a country that does not recognize the existence of the guards of the God’s laws. In addition to developing science, democracy can also minimize the potential of friction because it is not talking about primordialism but more about the common interest.Keywords: Democracy, state, Muhammad Shahrur, and Islam
Hukum Internasional tentang Genosida dalam Perspektif Fikih Dauly
Authors: Miftahuddini Ashar Nimas Masrullail
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about the genocide in international law on the dauliy jurisprudence perspective. International law governs the genocide crime in the Rome Statute which is applied for the state parties. The Rome Statute becomes the basis for the International Criminal Court (ICC) which is responsible for handling the case of genocide and other cases listed in the Rome Statute. Based on article 77 of the Rome Statute, genocide perpetrator will be liable to imprison of not more than 30 years, or a lifetime (under certain condition). In addition, the offender will be liable to fine and confiscation. Based on this, international law governing the genocide can be quite fair because there is no difference in the position of judge and imposing sanction, but when it is viewed from the dauliy jurisprudence perspective, sanction given to the perpetrator of genocide is considered not to be commensurate with the conducted crime.Keywords: Dauliy Jurisprudence, Genocide, International Law
Demokrasi dalam Sejarah Ketatanegaraan Republik Indonesia
Authors: Wijaya Arif
Published: March 2018

Abstract; this paper highlights democracy in the history of the constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In the history of the nation, from independence to now, there are three kinds of democracy that once applied in the constitutional life of Indonesia, namely the liberal democracy, the guided democracy, and the Pancasila democracy. The liberal democracy leads to a failure of the Constituent establishing Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 as a replacement of Undang-Undang Dasar Sementara 1950. The Guided Democracy is under the reign of the old order and the Pancasila democracy is under the rule of the new order. Although the initial concept for the period intended as an implementation of the fourth principle of Pancasila, but the power was ultimately centralized on the hand of President. A failure of the old and the new order to uphold the values of democracy cause a reformation. In this reformation era, the values of democracy are expected to be enforced.Keywords: The liberal democracy, the guided democracy, the Pancasila democracy
Sanksi Hukum Kejahatan Peretasan Website Presiden Republik Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Irzak Yuliardy
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about the legal reasoning used by the judges to sanction a criminal law hacking in the website of President of the Republic of Indonesia in State Court of Jember No. 253/Pid.B/2013/PN.JR. The results of the study explained that in Islamic criminal law, there is an element of the crime of access to computer hacking and/or electronic systems belonging to others without permission. This is regulated in article 30 paragraph (1) of act 11 year 2008 on information and electronic transactions which can be analogized as like entering someone else’s home without permission, the act is prohibited by Islam because there are some similarities in its legal argumentation. It is because there is no provision in the text about this criminal act. The criminal act of accessing a computer/electronic systems owned by others without permission in the Islamic Criminal Law (Fiqh Jinayah) can be categorized as jarimah ta'zir submitted to ulil amri, in this case is the government.Keywords: Legal sanctions, crime, hacking website.