bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Two Knotted-Cord Fabrics: An Inka Khipu and a Costa Rican Census
Authors: Splitstoser Jeffrey C.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This article presents information about two knotted-cord fabrics: one is an Inka khipu in The Textile Museum Collection (TM 2002.33.43), and the other is a late nineteenth-century census made by Indigenous people of the Talamanca region of Costa Rica, which is also discussed by Scott Palumbo et al. in this volume of The Textile Museum Journal . The author compares and contrasts these two objects, focusing on their formal and structural attributes including dimensions, cord structure, color, and knotting patterns. The author uses these data to infer ideas not only about how these objects were made but also about how information was recorded in them. He also considers the kinds of information the Talamanca census might contain in addition to recording a straightforward count of the Talamanca region’s population. Ultimately, this article asks if the knotted-cord device from Costa Rica represents a knotted-cord tradition that might have functioned like Andean khipus .
Accelerating whole-sample polarization-resolved second harmonic generation imaging in mammary gland tissue via generative adversarial networks
Authors: Aghigh Arash , Cardot Jysiane , Mohammadi Melika Saadat , Jargot Gaëtan , Ibrahim Heide , Plante Isabelle , Légaré François
Published: July 2024

Polarization second harmonic generation (P-SHG) imaging is a powerful technique for studying the structure and properties of biological and material samples. However, conventional whole-sample P-SHG imaging is time consuming and requires expensive equipment. This paper introduces a novel approach that significantly improves imaging resolution under conditions of reduced imaging time and resolution, utilizing enhanced super-resolution generative adversarial networks (ESRGAN) to upscale low-resolution images. We demonstrate that this innovative approach maintains high image quality and analytical accuracy, while reducing the imaging time by more than 95%. We also discuss the benefits of the proposed method for reducing laser-induced photodamage, lowering the cost of optical components, and increasing the accessibility and applicability of P-SHG imaging in various fields. Our work significantly advances whole-sample mammary gland P-SHG imaging and opens new possibilities for scientific discovery and innovation.
Photo-isomerization enabled reversible wavelength switching in fiber random laser for color image encryption
Authors: Aziz Gohar , Xu Zhiyang , Yan Jiuhu , Shen Kaiyue , Khan Muhammad Ali , Hayat Anwer , Jinjiang Zhao , Ge Kun , Zhe Liu , Iqbal Naeem , Zhai Tianrui
Published: July 2024

Random lasers owing the functionality of generating random spectra facilitate the chaotic encrypted systems essential for cryptography in the current information epoch. Nevertheless, single wavelength bands of random lasers provide an unsuitable key for image encryption that causes outline interpretation and a fragile complex dual chaotic encryption demanding secured image encryption. This research presents an inevitable development of a reversible switchable wavelength fiber random laser composed of the mixture of highly polarized intramolecular charge transfer dye molecules and the optimum concentration of titanium dioxide acting as gain and efficient scattering mediums respectively within a polyvinyl alcohol matrix. This mixture with a certain ratio is coated on a fiber employing a dip coated method, followed by a layer of polydimethylsiloxane to facilitate with high coefficient of thermal expansion. Random laser emission is enabled with dynamically switchable wavelengths obeying the excited state intramolecular proton transfer phenomenon under the photo-isomerization. The optimum scatters concentration yields a lower threshold of 32 µJ/cm2 with full width at half maximum of 0.4 nm and dual emission reversible switchable wavelength bands centered around 443 nm and 464 nm attributed to inter charge transfer feature of the dye molecules. Thereby, the dual reversible switchable wavelength bands feed as input for a dual chaotic color image encryption system. Further, in this integrated system, beam divergence of random laser emissions remains less than 20° during both situations of with- and without irradiation. This delicate approach paves the way in laying the foundation about the applicability of fiber random lasers in an information security system.
Experimental investigation of high-speed WDM-visible light communication using blue, green, and red InGaN µLEDs
Authors: Lu Tingwei , Dai Yurong , Lee Tzu-Yi , Wang Shuhui , Guo Wenan , Lai Shouqiang , Chen Zhong , Kuo Hao-Chung , Wu Tingzhu
Published: July 2024

Micro-light-emitting diodes (µLEDs) hold significant promise for applications in displays and visible light communication (VLC). This study substantiates the viability of a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-VLC system using InGaN blue, green, and red µLED devices. The devices exhibited notable color stability and high modulation bandwidth due to the weakly polarized electric field in the blue and green semipolar devices and the stress-optimized structure in the red device. The aggregated data rate reached 11.14 Gbps. Moreover, the blue, green, and red InGaN µLEDs exhibited a wide color gamut, encompassing 119.4% of the NTSC and 89.2% of the Rec. 2020 standards, affirming the potential of blue, green, and red InGaN µLEDs for applications in full-color display and WDM-VLC systems.
Seamless rate adaptation for wide SNR range in FSO systems based on rate compatible modulation
Authors: Shu Tao , Zou Yang , Fan Qirun , Mei Tianjin , Dai Xiaoxiao , Liu Chen , Cheng Mengfan , Deng Lei , Yang Qi , Liu Deming
Published: July 2024

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a large-range and seamless rate-adaptive free-space optical (FSO) scheme based on rate compatible modulation (RCM). It utilizes a mapping method through weighted summation, enabling an even increase of bit energy. This allows the system to seamlessly adjust the throughput. In addition, the handover mechanism based on rate check and acknowledgment signals ensures a wide coverage of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) fluctuation. It is worth noting that this scheme does not require any changes to the mapping matrix and decoding algorithm, making it easier to implement in real-world systems. Simulation proves the superiority of the proposed approach in terms of coding rate coverage by applying a fixed mapping matrix compared to a traditional adaptive modulation and coding scheme. Experimental demonstration over a 50 m FSO link verifies that the SNR dynamic range of this scheme is >15 dB with a seamless rate adjustment between 6.7 Gb/s and 53.6 Gb/s and the operability of RCM is not limited by the time scale of turbulence, revealing huge potential for the massive connections in future smart cities.
Analysis of Normal Plasma Cell Distribution Across Distinct Age Cohorts Reveals Age-Dependent Changes
Authors: Walters Denise K. , Jelinek Diane F.
Published: July 2024

Hematopoietic and stromal cells within the bone marrow (BM) provide membrane-bound and/or soluble factors that are vital for the survival of plasma cells (PCs). Recent reports in murine BM demonstrated the dynamic formation and dispersion of PC clusters. To date, PC clustering in normal human BM has yet to be thoroughly examined. The goal of this study was to determine whether PC clusters are present in human BM and whether clustering changes as a function of age. Quantification of PCs and clustering in BM sections across six different age groups revealed that fewer PCs and PC clusters were observed in the youngest and oldest age groups. PC clustering increased with age until the sixth decade and then began to decrease. A positive correlation between the number of PCs and PC clusters was observed across all age groups. PC clusters were typically heterogeneous for immunoglobulin heavy- and light-chain expression. Taken together, these data demonstrate that PC clusters are present in human BM and that PC clustering increases until middle adulthood and then begins to diminish. These results suggest the spatial distribution of BM PC-supportive stromal cells changes with age:
Influence of adiposity and sex on SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in vaccinated university students: A cross-sectional ESFUERSO study
Authors: Perales-Torres Adriana L. , Perez-Navarro Lucia M. , Garcia-Oropesa Esperanza M. , Diaz-Badillo Alvaro , Martinez-Lopez Yoscelina Estrella , Rosas Marisol , Castillo Octelina , Ramirez-Quintanilla Laura , Cervantes Jacquelynne , Sciutto Edda , Munguia Cisneros Claudia X. , Ramirez-Pfeiffer Carlos , Vela Leonel , Tapia Beatriz , Lopez-Alvarenga Juan C.
Published: July 2024

Prior studies have identified various determinants of differential immune responses to COVID-19. This study focused on the Ig-G anti-RBD marker, analyzing its potential correlations with sex, vaccine type, body fat percentage, metabolic risk, perceived stress, and previous COVID-19 exposure. In this study, data (available in S1 Data) were obtained from 108 participants from the ESFUERSO cohort, who completed questionnaires detailing their COVID-19 experiences and stress levels assessed through the SISCO scale. IgG anti-RBD concentrations were quantified using an ELISA assay developed by UNAM. Multiple regression analysis was employed to control for covariates, including sex, age, body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), and perceived stress. This sample comprised young individuals (average age of 21.4 years), primarily consisting of females (70%), with a substantial proportion reporting a family history of diabetes, hypertension, or obesity. Most students had received the Moderna or Pfizer vaccines, and 91% displayed a positive anti-RBD response. A noteworthy finding was the interaction between body fat percentage and sex. In males, increased adiposity was associated with decreased Ig-G anti-RBD concentration; in females, the response increased. Importantly, this pattern remained consistent regardless of the vaccine received. No significant associations were observed for dietary habits or perceived stress variables. This research reports the impact of sex and body fat percentage on the immune response through Ig-G anti-RBD levels to COVID-19 vaccines. The implications of these findings offer a foundation for educational initiatives and the formulation of preventive policies aimed at mitigating health disparities.
Breastfeeding in women with HIV infection: A qualitative study of barriers and facilitators
Authors: Chaparro Aida I. , Formul Dieunane , Vasquez Stephanie , Cianelli Rosina , Gonzalez Ivan A. , Scott Gwendolyn , De Santis Joseph P.
Published: July 2024

Background

Until recently, breastfeeding has been contraindicated for women living with HIV (WHIV) in the U.S. However, given the numerous health benefits of breastfeeding, recommendations have changed to support parental choice to breastfeed through shared decision-making. Although specific guidelines for managing the care of these women and their infants are not yet available, various approaches have been successful without infants acquiring HIV from their virologically suppressed mothers, thus, establishing breastfeeding as a viable option for the rising number of interested WHIV. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to identify factors influencing infant feeding choices decisions among WHIV in a multiethnic and multicultural population.

Methods and findings

A qualitative description design was used. WHIV who had given birth within 6 months were recruited using purposeful sampling. Data were collected using a semistructured interview guide in the participant’s preferred language. Content analysis was used, and barriers and facilitators were separated and used to generate the themes and categories. In total, 20 participants were interviewed, and from these interviews, 11 barriers and 14 facilitators that influenced the decision to breastfeed were identified. Major barriers were related to the interference with daily activities, fear of transmission, lack of a standardized approach to education, and maternal concerns. Key facilitators included the benefits and advantages of breastmilk, access to more scientific research information on breastfeeding in the context of HIV, advice from a lactation consultant, emotional connection and attachment with the child, support from family and partners, empowering and supporting autonomy and decision-making about infant feeding, providing feeding choices, access to the lived experiences of women who have successfully breastfed their infants, and collaborative relationship with the physician and other healthcare providers.

Conclusion

The study identified barriers and facilitators to breastfeeding among WHIV that may influence their infant feeding decision-making process. More research is needed to guide the standardization of institutional policies and develop strategies to support breastfeeding in this population.
Willingness to use mental health counseling in diverse groups of Asian Americans
Authors: Bañada Ronna , Jang Yuri , Palinkas Lawrence A.
Published: July 2024

Responding to the underutilization of mental health services in Asian American communities, we examined factors associated with their willingness to use mental health counseling. Applying Andersen’s Behavioral Health Service Model, we focused on the role of mental health needs and prior use of mental health counseling in shaping the attitudes toward mental health counseling of diverse groups of Asian Americans. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from 2,609 Asian Americans aged 18 or older who participated in the Asian American Quality of Life (AAQoL) survey conducted in central Texas. Logistic regression models of willingness to use mental health counseling were tested with predisposing (age, gender, marital status, education, nativity, and English-speaking ability), mental health needs (mental distress and self-rated mental health) and enabling (prior use of mental health counseling) variables. About 67% of the overall sample indicated their willingness to use mental health counseling. Individuals who met the criteria for mental distress showed 17% lower odds of willingness to use mental health counseling. The enabling role of prior use of mental health counseling was supported; those who had used counseling were over three times more likely to be willing to use counseling in the future than their counterparts without such an experience. Given the inverse association between mental health needs and the willingness to use mental health counseling, further attention should be paid to improving Asian Americans’ recognition of mental health symptoms and awareness of the benefit of mental health services. The enabling role of prior use of counseling also highlights the importance of increasing the exposure to mental health services for Asian Americans. In efforts to promote mental health literacy, reduce cultural stigma, and advocate for mental health service use, consideration of cultural and linguistic diversity within the Asian American population is imperative.
Preventive effects of a nutraceutical mixture of berberine, citrus and apple extracts on metabolic disturbances in Zucker fatty rats
Authors: Siliman Misha Mohamed , Destrumelle Sandrine , Le Jan Dylan , Mansour Nahla M. , Fizanne Lionel , Ouguerram Khadija , Desfontis Jean-Claude , Mallem Mohamed-Yassine
Published: July 2024

Background

The prevention of obesity represents a major health and socio-economic challenge. Nutraceuticals are regularly highlighted for their beneficial effects in preventing the metabolic disturbances associated with obesity. However, few studies have described the combined action of nutraceutical mixtures combining polyphenols with alkaloids.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term dietary supplementation with a mixture of Berberine, Citrus and Apple extracts (BCA) in the primary prevention of obesity and its metabolic and vascular complications in the obese Zucker rat, a spontaneous model of genetic obesity and insulin resistance.

Methods

Sixteen 8-week-old obese Zucker male rats were randomly divided into two groups: all rats received oral gavage daily either with water, untreated obese (U-ObZ) or BCA (BCA-ObZ) mixture for thirteen weeks. Morphological and metabolic parameters were measured along the study. Cumulative concentration-response curves to insulin, acetylcholine and phenylephrine were determined on isolated thoracic aorta. Colon permeability measurements were performed using the Ussing chamber technique. Fecal samples collected at the beginning and the end of the protocol were used as a template for amplification of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA genes.

Results

BCA supplementation reduced weight gain (p<0.05) and food intake (p<0.05) in the BCA-ObZ group rats compared to the U-ObZ group rats. It also improved glucose tolerance (p<0.001) and decreased fasting insulin and Homeostasis model assessment index (p<0.05). Through ex vivo experiments, the BCA mixture enhanced significantly aortic insulin relaxation (p<0.01), reduced α1-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction (p<0.01), and decreased distal colon permeability. Moreover, short-chain fatty acid producers such as Bacteroides, Blautia, and Akkermansia were found to be increased by the BCA mixture supplementation.

Conclusion

The results showed that a 13-week-supplementation with BCA mixture prevented weight gain and improved glucose metabolism in obese Zucker rats. We also demonstrated that BCA supplementation improved vascular function, colonic barrier permeability and gut microbiota profile.
Influence of smartphone addiction on sleep quality of college students: The regulatory effect of physical exercise behavior
Authors: Zhu Weidong , Liu Jun , Lou Hu , Mu Fanzheng , Li Bo
Published: July 2024

Due to the high incidence of smartphone addiction and its harmful effects on health in recent years, it has received widespread attention from society. This study aims to examine the association between smartphone addiction and sleep quality among college students, and assess the correlation with physical exercise in a non-interventional, cross-sectional study design. The study utilized data from the 2022 Chinese College Health Tracking Survey. A total of 4670 students participated in and completed the questionnaire. The test tools comprised the smartphone addiction tendency scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the physical activity rating scale. The average score of the college students’ smartphone addiction was 39.230±14.931, and the proportion of college students with average and or very poor sleep quality was 52.6%. Mobile phone addiction among college students is negatively correlated with physical exercise (r = -0.101, p<0.01), and positively correlated with sleep quality (r = 0.287, p<0.01. Physical exercise had a significant regulatory effect on the behavior relationship between smartphone addiction and sleep quality (ΔR2 = 0.194, p<0.001). Smartphone addiction has a significant impact on college students’ sleep quality. The higher the tendency towards smartphone addiction, the poorer the sleep quality of college students. Physical exercise plays a regulatory role in the relationship between smartphone addiction and sleep quality of college students.
High Global Health Security Index is a determinant of early detection and response to monkeypox: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ramírez-Soto Max Carlos , Arroyo-Hernández Hugo
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Recent outbreaks of monkeypox (Mpox) have occurred in countries outside of Africa, with large numbers of cases spreading rapidly to almost every continent. We aimed to analyze the correlation between the Global Health Security (GHS) Index (categories and indicators) and the Mpox case rate in different regions and globally.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we used data from Mpox cases from the WHO, and the GHS categories and indicators for detection, prevention, reporting, health system, rapid response, international norms compliance, and risk environment. Outcome measures were the relationship between GHS index (categories and indicators) and Mpox case rate using crude and adjusted non-linear regression models.

Results

After performing adjusted analyses, only risk environment and detection and reporting index were associated with Mpox case rates in the 99 countries and the Region of the Americas, respectively. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) indicators of the prevention category, risk communication of the rapid response category, the joint external evaluation and performance veterinary services of the norms category, and the infrastructure adequacy of the risk environment category were associated with Mpox case rates in the 99 countries (p<0.05). Laboratory systems strength and quality indicator of the detection and reporting category, and emergency response operation indicator of the response rapid category were associated with Mpox case rates in the countries of the region of the Americas (p<0.05). AMR indicator of the prevention of the emergence category, and the infrastructure adequacy of the risk environment category were associated with Mpox case rates in the countries of the European Region (p<0.05). In the countries of the other regions, only the trade and travel restrictions indicator of the rapid response category was associated with Mpox case rates (p<0.05).

Conclusions

Countries, particularly in the Americas region, with high levels of infrastructure adequacy and laboratory system strength and quality as measured by the GHS index are better equipped to detect more Mpox cases. Therefore, they have higher Mpox case detection rates and can successfully respond to Mpox outbreaks.
Long-COVID symptom monitoring: Insights from a two-year telemedicine study
Authors: Foppiani Andrea , Montanari Chiara , Zanelli Sara , Lombardo Michele Davide Maria , Calcaterra Valeria , Zuccotti Gianvincenzo
Published: July 2024

Background

The diverse manifestations of Long-COVID have become increasingly important due to their significant impact on patients’ lives. Telemedicine has emerged as an important tool for post COVID-19 follow-up. This study is part of a large cohort study involving COVID-positive patients monitored by the COD19 telemedicine platform operations center. We recontacted patients who were initially monitored from February 2020 to May 2020 to assess the presence of Long-COVID symptoms at a 2-year follow-up.

Methods

We conducted interviews to evaluate Long-COVID symptoms at the 2-year mark and investigated whether patients had contracted a second COVID-19 infection between the 1-year and 2-year follow-ups, and recorded their vaccination status.

Results

Out of 165 patients, 139 (84%) reported symptoms at the 1-year follow-up, while only 101 (61%) reported symptoms at the 2-year follow-up. Among patients with Long-COVID symptoms at the 2-year follow-up, the majority (80, 49%) had experienced Long-COVID at the 1-year follow-up, received the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and had not experienced a second infection between the two follow-ups. Both having Long-COVID at the 1-year follow-up and contracting a second infection were significant risk factors for presenting with Long-COVID at the 2-year follow-up.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this study stands out as one of the few that includes a 2-year follow-up on Long-COVID symptoms using telemedicine. Telemedicine has proven to be an effective and innovative tool for long-term patient monitoring, early diagnosis, and treatment. Telemedicine represents a significant future challenge for healthcare.
Optimizing wave energy converter benchmarking with a fuzzy-based decision-making approach
Authors: Nhieu Nhat-Luong , Dang Tri Dung
Published: July 2024

The quest for sustainable energy solutions has intensified interest in marine renewables, particularly wave energy. This study addresses the crucial need for an objective assessment of Wave Energy Converter (WEC) technologies, which are instrumental in harnessing ocean waves for electricity generation. To benchmark WEC technologies, we employed an integrated approach combining the MEthod based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC) and the Spherical Fuzzy Combine Compromise Solution (SF-CoCoSo). MEREC provided a systematic way to determine the importance of various benchmarking criteria, while SF-CoCoSo facilitated the synthesis of complex decision-making data into a coherent evaluation score for each technology. The results of the study offer a definitive ranking of WEC technologies, with findings emphasizing the importance of grid connectivity and adaptability to various wave conditions as pivotal to the technologies’ success. While the study makes significant strides in the evaluation of WECs, it also recognizes limitations, including the potential for evolving market dynamics to influence criteria weightings and the assumption that the MCDM methods capture all decision-making complexities. Future work should expand the evaluative criteria and explore additional MCDM methods to validate and refine the benchmarking process further.
The effects of different designs of indoor biophilic greening on psychological and physiological responses and cognitive performance of office workers
Authors: Fukumoto Hiroyuki , Shimoda Masahiro , Hoshino Saeko
Published: July 2024

Impression on biophilic designs influences the effects of indoor greening. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of different biophilic designs in office rooms on the psychological and physiological responses and the cognitive performance of office workers. Indoor greening rooms with Japanese and tropical designs were used along with the green-free (control) design in this study. The heart rate variability of the participants was not affected by green designs. However, there was improvement in impressions on tropical and Japanese designs in office rooms. In particular, the Japanese design was more effective in decreasing negative emotions than the tropical design. The electroencephalography during 5-min exposure to the greening designs showed limited frequency bands and regions of interest affected by the greenery design. Taken together with the psychological data, indoor greening with the tropical design promoted positive mood states. Meanwhile, indoor greening in the Japanese design, inhibited negative mood states. However, there were no significant differences between the two designs in terms of cognitive task performance. Hence, indoor greening increases neural efficiency during cognitive tasks.
Chronic social isolation affects feeding behavior of juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Dissinger Aubrey , Rimoldi Simona , Terova Genciana , Kwasek Karolina
Published: July 2024

Many organisms exhibit social behaviors and are part of some scheme of social structure. Zebrafish are highly social, shoaling fish and therefore, social isolation may have notable impacts on their physiology and behavior. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of social isolation on feed intake, monoaminergic system related gene expression, and intestinal health of juvenile zebrafish fed a high-inclusion soybean meal based diet. At 20 days post-fertilization zebrafish were randomly assigned to chronic isolation (1 fish per 1.5 L tank) or social housing (6 fish per 9 L tank) with 18 tanks per treatment group (n = 18). Dividers were placed between all tanks to prevent visual cues between fish. Zebrafish were fed a commercial fishmeal based diet until 35 days post-fertilization and then fed the experimental high-inclusion soybean meal based diet until 50 days post-fertilization. At the end of the experiment (51 days post-fertilization), the mean total length, weight, and weight gain were not significantly different between treatment groups. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significantly higher in chronic isolation fish than in social housing fish. Expression of monoaminergic and appetite-related genes were not significantly different between groups. The chronic isolation group showed higher expression of the inflammatory gene il-1b, however, average intestinal villi width was significantly smaller and average length-to-width ratio was significantly higher in chronic isolation fish, suggesting morphological signs of inflammation were not present at the time of sampling. These results indicate that chronic isolation positively affects feed intake of juvenile zebrafish and suggest that isolation may be useful in promoting feed intake of less-palatable diets such as those based on soybean meal.
Locating Taiwan Cinema in the Twenty-First Century, Paul G. Pickowicz and Yingjing Zhang (eds) (2020)
Authors: Xu Yixin
Published: July 2024

Review of: Locating Taiwan Cinema in the Twenty-First Century, Paul G. Pickowicz and Yingjing Zhang (eds) (2020)

Amherst: Cambria Press, 328 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-63857-024-0, p/bk, $49.99
Previsão de Tendência de Preço no Mercado Brasileiro de Ações usando Cadeias de Markov de Tempo Discreto
Authors: Queiroz João , Torres Martha
Published: July 2024

O entendimento da tendência do mercado de ações com o objetivo de prever o movimento de preço é muito importante para decisões de investimento dado que os preços das ações são afetados não somente pelo estado financeiro da empresa, mas também por condições políticas, sociais, econômicas, globais e locais, além de muitos outros fatores. As Cadeias de Markov proporcionam um ferramental poderoso para realizar modelagem matemática e computacional e têm sido também usadas para prever tendências no mercado de ações. A partir disto, o seguinte trabalho traz uma ferramenta computacional modelada com base nos conhecimentos obtidos através dos estudos sobre Cadeias de Markov de tempo discreto capaz de realizar previsões de tendências de preço de ações da bolsa de valores brasileira utilizando o método de 3 estados. Foram realizadas análises em 50 ações da BOVESPA a fim de observar se o percentual de sucesso das previsões tem alguma relação com o tamanho do período para construção da matriz de transição. Estes testes foram realizados para os anos de 2019, 2020 e 2021 com o objetivo de observar se houve impactos na efetividade dos métodos durante o período de pandemia de COVID-19.
Formação de leitores: uma ação de incentivo à leitura junto a alunos do ensino médio
Authors: Pádua Danielle de , Cunha Cristiano Rocha da
Published: July 2024

O Brasil tem apresentado resultados abaixo da média internacional estimada para os requisitos mínimos de competência em leitura e escrita, situação que demonstra a fragilidade do sistema educacional brasileiro e o distanciamento entre as afirmações legais de inclusão, formação cidadã e as práticas escolares. Diante disto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de refletir sobre a importância e emergência de estratégias pedagógicas que desenvolvam as habilidades de leitura e escrita e estimulem o gosto pela leitura nos estudantes. Este artigo trata de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, na qual os resultados demonstraram que os estudantes de 2º ano médio da escola pesquisada reconhecem a importância da leitura, porém, enfrentam algumas barreiras que muitas vezes os impedem de adquirir a competência leitora. Considera-se que as estratégias apresentadas no Guia Pedagógico de Incentivo à Leitura são capazes de estimular o gosto pela leitura, desenvolvendo competências crítico-reflexivas e minimizando a problemática apresentada.
Cultura digital na Educação Ambiental: explorando a metodologia STEAM segundo Gagné e Papert
Authors: Siqueira Fábio Ventorim , Santos Daniel Moreira dos , Campos Carlos Roberto Pires , Oliveira Márcia Gonçalves de
Published: July 2024

Com o apoio das teorias de aprendizagem de Gagné e Papert, juntamente com metodologias ativas e a abordagem STEAM, esta pesquisa buscou conscientizar jovens estudantes sobre a importância do reaproveitamento e descarte correto de resíduos comuns e eletrônicos. Seguindo a hierarquia de aprendizagem de Gagné e a teoria construcionista de Papert, os estudantes construíram um labirinto elétrico, usando componentes eletrônicos e materiais reaproveitados. A atividade foi desenvolvida com 11 estudantes do 6º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental em dois encontros, no contraturno escolar, com 4 horas de duração. Os participantes responderam a dois questionários, antes e após a atividade, o que permitiu verificar o ganho de aprendizagem no processo. Assim, por meio da exploração prática e da construção de conhecimento em um contexto real e significativo, desenvolvemos habilidades de resolução de problemas e criatividade nos alunos. Os resultados mostraram que essa combinação de abordagens pedagógicas foi eficaz para conscientizar os alunos sobre a importância da sustentabilidade. Além disso, o currículo STEAM despertou o interesse dos estudantes pela criação de novas tecnologias, abrindo caminho para soluções inovadoras que contribuem para a redução dos impactos do lixo eletrônico e comum no meio ambiente.
O Ensino da Produção Textual no cotidiano: socializando resultados
Authors: Gonçalves Claudinea dos Reis , Silva Cleber Cezar da
Published: July 2024

Este estudo visa investigar as principais dificuldades enfrentadas pelos alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental em relação à produção de textos dissertativo-argumentativos. Seu desenvolvimento foi orientado pela questão: O que os dados coletados evidenciam sobre o ensino da produção textual? Este trabalho constitui-se enquanto exploratório e qualitativo. Os dados foram coletados através da aplicação de questionários semiestruturados compostos por questões abertas/dissertativas e de múltipla escolha. A amostra foi composta por 42 estudantes e uma professora de redação. Os resultados indicam que as dificuldades dos estudantes estão diretamente relacionadas à limitação de seu repertório de habilidades para expressão verbal e de domínio sobre as temáticas propostas para produção textual, indicando a necessidade de se investir em práticas de leitura e pesquisa que ampliem seus conhecimentos. Afirma-se que a ausência de feedbacks periódicos e de alinhamento entre as práticas educativas e as necessidades dos alunos influenciam negativamente o aperfeiçoamento da escrita.
A percepção de adolescente sobre a aprendizagem escolar durante o isolamento social da COVID-19
Authors: Moura Eliana Perez Gonçalves de , Santos Maria João Sousa , Stein Mari Elise Kirch
Published: July 2024

Apresenta uma pesquisa que investigou a percepção de adolescentes sobre sua aprendizagem escolar antes da pandemia, durante o isolamento social e, atualmente. Seguindo um delineamento metodológico exploratório-descritivo e transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, a amostra foi composta por sessenta e quatro (n=64) adolescentes, entre 14 e 17 anos, de três escolas da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS. A coleta de dados foi realizada no primeiro semestre de 2022, utilizando-se um questionário autoaplicável. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva da distribuição de frequência das variáveis e o Teste de Friedman para comparar dados e verificar a existência de diferenças significativas. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Os resultados indicam que os adolescentes avaliaram negativamente as aulas online entendendo que durante o período de isolamento social, as aulas online foram de baixa qualidade técnica e pedagógica e que não contribuíram para o seu aprendizado, acarretando fraca assimilação dos conteúdos ministrados.
Conhecimento Pedagógico do Conteúdo na Docência Universitária: Análise de Discurso de Professores de Física
Authors: Guimarães Marcelo Henrique Perrotta Barcellos , Catarino Giselle Faur de Castro
Published: July 2024

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar o Conhecimento Pedagógico do Conteúdo de quatro docentes universitários de Física de uma Universidade pública do Rio de Janeiro a partir de seus discursos sobre as práticas. Entende-se que na Educação Superior há diversas críticas em relação às práticas e à pedagogia dos professores que não tiveram formação que relacionasse conhecimentos pedagógicos aos conhecimentos do conteúdo. A pesquisa contou com referenciais ligados aos Saberes Docentes e ao PCK e com o referencial bakhtiniano para a Análise de Discurso, defendendo que as interações sociais influenciam os enunciados dos sujeitos. Dentre os resultados, nota-se a importância do domínio de conhecimentos específicos em estratégias pedagógicas para um ensino mais crítico e reflexivo, rompendo com uma educação que vise puramente transmissão de conteúdos, sem preocupação com o contexto sociocultural.
Reflexões sobre aprendizagem significativa, mapas conceituais e ensino de filosofia
Authors: Moraes de Assis Saulo
Published: July 2024

Resumo: Este artigo procura mostrar como a Teoria dos Mapas Conceituais surge e se apresenta como uma interessante alternativa para o Ensino de Filosofia. O texto faz uma explanação sobre: (i) a Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa que dá corpo e fundamento aos Mapas Conceituais; (ii) a Teoria dos Mapas Conceituais e os principais elementos que a compõem; (iii) como a Filosofia se encontra com alguns dos pressupostos desenvolvidos pela Teoria dos Mapas Conceituais, apesar das suas particularidades, mostrando um exemplo de mapa conceitual com conceitos filosóficos. Argumenta-se que tal recurso possui uma fundamentação teórica que o aproxima da própria natureza do fazer filosófico, a despeito da pouco explorada relação entre mapeamento conceitual e ensino de Filosofia.
Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem Significativa; Mapas Conceituais; Ensino de Filosofia
Reflections on meaningful learning, concept maps and philosophy teaching
Abstract: This article seeks to show how the Theory of Conceptual Maps emerges and presents itself as an interesting alternative for Teaching Philosophy. The text makes an explanation about: (i) the Theory of Meaningful Learning that gives body and foundation to the Conceptual Maps; (ii) the Theory of Conceptual Maps and the main elements that compose it; (iii) how Philosophy meets some of the assumptions developed by the Theory of Conceptual Maps, despite its particularities, showing an example of a conceptual map with philosophical concepts. It is argued that this resource has a theoretical foundation that brings it closer to the very nature of philosophical doing, despite the little-explored relationship between conceptual mapping and philosophy teaching.
Keywords: Meaningful Learning; Concept Maps; Philosophy Teaching
Reflexiones sobre el aprendizaje significativo, los mapas conceptuales y la enseñanza de la filosofia
Resumen: Este artículo busca mostrar cómo la Teoría de los Mapas Conceptuales surge y se presenta como una interesante alternativa para la Enseñanza de la Filosofía. El texto hace una explicación sobre: (i) la Teoría del Aprendizaje Significativo que da cuerpo y fundamento a los Mapas Conceptuales; (ii) la Teoría de los Mapas Conceptuales y los principales elementos que la componen; (iii) cómo la Filosofía responde a algunos de los supuestos desarrollados por la Teoría de los Mapas Conceptuales, a pesar de sus particularidades, mostrando un ejemplo de mapa conceptual con conceptos filosóficos. Se argumenta que este recurso tiene una fundamentación teórica que lo acerca a la naturaleza misma del hacer filosófico, a pesar de la relación poco explorada entre el mapeo conceptual y la enseñanza de la filosofía.
Palabras clave: Aprendizaje Significativo; Mapas Conceptuales; Enseñanza de Filosofia
Data de registro: 08/12/2022
Data de aceite: 20/03/2024
Facile Synthesis of Hybrid-Polyoxometalates Nanocomposite for Degradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes in Water Treatment
Authors: Leow Wei Wei , Duke Alvin , Ab Rahim Siti Kartini Enche , Ng Qi Hwa , Hoo Peng Yong , Nasib Amira Mohd , Ahamad Suffin Muhamad Qauyum Zawawi , Abdullah Norazharuddin Shah
Published: July 2024

Photocatalysis emerges as a promising method for treating organic dye contaminated wastewater. This process involves the use of photocatalysts through light activation, typically semiconductors such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) or polyoxometalates (POM) to generate reactive species capable of degrading organic pollutants. Several factors influence the photodegradation of ionic and cationic dyes including chemical properties, reaction mechanism and degradation efficiency. This work evaluated photodegradation performance of methyl orange (MO) and malachite green (MG) dyes using hybrid-polyoxometalate (HPOM) photocatalyst. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) identified the characteristic band at 3463.66 cm–1 (O-H) and 997.74 cm–1 (W-O). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of rod-like and granular structures in HPOM, representing silver acetate and sodium tungstate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed characteristic peak of Keggin structure, revealing high crystallinity of HPOM. UV-assisted photodegradation was evaluated on different parameters (initial dye concentration, photocatalyst dosage and pH), highlighting HPOM’s better affinity for degrading cationic dye. The optimum photodegradation conditions for MG and MO dyes were 20 ppm dye concentration, 100 mg photocatalyst dosage, and pH 7 and 8, respectively. The kinetic data was fitted with the Langmuir Hinshelwood kinetic model, indicating pseudo-first-order kinetics. HPOM exhibited a higher rate constant, k for MG (k = 0.0068 min–1) than MO (k = 0.0029 min–1).
Implementasi Sistem E-Voting Berbasis Blockchain: Mendefinisikan Masa Depan Demokrasi yang Lebih Inklusif
Authors: Rivano Magasky , Syahputra Julfahmi , Jefri Muhammad Qolbi
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The dysfunction of electoral often interferes with the creation of the nature of a democratic state. This fact is closely related to the pattern of inconsistent implementation of regulations in elections such as the process of distributing ballots that seem slow, there are administrative errors by voters that cause delays in the process of counting votes and sending the results of the counting of ballots. By using normative legal research methods, studies were produced that focused on the creation of an inclusive democracy through the implementation of elections by e-Voting using Blockchain technology. This effort is based on the principle of LUBERJURDIL to reduce electoral problems. This paper recommends a mechanism for implementing e-Voting in the short term, namely the KPU can collaborate with third parties to accommodate Blockchain-based e-Voting technology. The next mechanism pattern through the long term is that the KPU can form and use technical implementation independently.
 
Abstrak: Disfungsi pelaksanaan Pemilu kerap menganggu terciptanya hakikat negara demokrasi. Kenyataan ini berhubungan erat dengan pola inkonsisten pelaksanaan peraturan dalam Pemilu seperti proses pendistribusian surat suara yang terkesan lambat, terdapat kesalahan administrasi oleh para pemilih sehingga menyebabkan keterlambatan proses penghitungan suara dan pengiriman hasil penghitungan surat suara. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dihasilkan kajian yang mengerucut pada penciptaan demokrasi yang inklusi melalui pelaksanaan Pemilu secara e-Voting dengan menggunakan teknologi Blockchain. Upaya ini berdasarkan pada prinsip LUBER JURDIL guna mengurangi problematika Pemilu. Tulisan ini merekomendasikan mekanisme pelaksanaan e-Voting pada jangka pendek yaitu KPU dapat menjalin kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga untuk mengakomodasi teknologi e-Voting berbasis Blockchain. Pola mekanisme selanjutnya melalui jangka panjang yaitu KPU dapat membentuk dan menggunakan teknis pelaksanaan secara mandiri.
El conocimiento previo cultural como factor de influencia en la interculturalidad y movilidad estudiantil universitaria
Authors: Castro Garzón Hernando , Espinoza Elizondo Melissa , Elizondo Villarreal Vanessa Noelly
Published: July 2024

Las universidades han tenido que modificar sus procesos para lograr ser competitivas nacional e internacionalmente. La movilidad estudiantil se ha convertido en un elemento crucial para el reconocimiento de las instituciones, siendo un fenómeno progresivo y desigual entre continentes, países y áreas de estudio. Desde 2010, este fenómeno ha crecido debido a su relación con el mercado global académico y laboral, donde los estudiantes buscan reforzar su formación y competir en el mundo laboral.
El fenómeno globalizador ha sido el principal precursor de la movilidad estudiantil universitaria, con un crecimiento significativo en el número de estudiantes internacionales entre 2012 y 2017. Sin embargo, la pandemia de 2019-2021 redujo los flujos de movilidad presencial, llevando a las instituciones a incursionar en la movilidad virtual. Los estudios sobre la movilidad estudiantil revelan la importancia de factores como el conocimiento previo cultural, la interculturalidad y la movilidad escolar internacional.
La investigación se realizó con metodología cualitativa, incluyendo entrevistas a expertos en movilidad académica e interculturalidad. Los resultados resaltan la necesidad de una estrategia integral que brinde seguridad emocional a los estudiantes y considere su perfil psicológico al elegir un destino de movilidad.
Vorurteilsmotivierte Gewaltkriminalität vor Gericht – Eine empirische Analyse der Strafzumessung für Nordrhein-Westfalen 2012 bis 2019
Authors: Klärner Kai-David , Weins Cornelia
Published: July 2024

Der Beitrag untersucht empirisch die Bedeutung von Vorurteilsmotivationen für die Strafzumessung bei polizeilich als Hasskriminalität eingestuften Gewaltverbrechen vor und nach der Novellierung von § 46 Abs. 2 StGB im Jahr 2015. Seit der Novellierung werden rassistische und menschenverachtende Motive explizit als Strafzumessungsgründe benannt. Unsere Analyse von Daten des Projekts »Vorurteilsmotivierte Gewaltkriminalität in Nordrhein-Westfalen 2012 bis 2019« zeigt, dass Vorurteilsmotivationen nur in rund einem Fünftel der Urteilsschriften strafverschärfend berücksichtigt wurden – nach der Gesetzesnovellierung häufiger (23 %) als zuvor (14 %). Der Anstieg lässt sich statistisch auf Ermittlungsmaßnahmen der Polizei – insbesondere die Auswertung von Mobiltelefondaten – zurückführen, die bei den nach der Novellierung verurteilten Beschuldigten häufiger durchgeführt wurden als zuvor. Wenn Vorurteilsmotive als strafverschärfend anerkannt wurden, dann erhöhten diese das Strafmaß um ca. 50 %. Die strafverschärfende Wirkung von Vorurteilsmotiven war im betrachteten Zeitraum damit ebenso stark wie die einer brutalen Tatausführung und stärker als die anderer Strafzumessungsgründe.
Utilization of OHAM to investigate entropy generation with a temperature-dependent thermal conductivity model in hybrid nanofluid using the radiation phenomenon
Authors: Waseem Farwa , Sohail Muhammad , Sarhan Nadia , Awwad Emad Mahrous , Khan Muhammad Jahangir
Published: July 2024

This investigation takes into account the flow of a hybrid copper–molybdenum disulfide

(
Cu
–

MoS

2

)

\left({\rm{Cu}}{\rm{\mbox{--}}}{{\rm{MoS}}}_{2})

/water nanofluid across a plane flat surface that has been nonlinearly extended in lateral directions. Suitable boundary conditions are used to characterize the nonlinear variants in the velocity and temperature profile of the sheet. The innovative aspect of this work is to examine the impact of thermal conductivity on temperature and entropy across an extended surface using hybrid nanofluids. We obtain numerical techniques of modified boundary layer ordinary differential equations using the effective and reliable optimal homotopy analysis technique (OHAM). A graphic depiction of the influence of several parameters is shown. In this case, the hybrid model takes into account

0.01

0.01

of copper

(
Cu
)

\left({\rm{Cu}})

and

0.01

0.01

of molybdenum disulfide

(
MoS

2

)

{({\rm{MoS}}}_{2})

nanoparticles within base fluid water. The second principle of thermodynamics is used to compute the irreversibility factor. The performance of nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid was compared for pivotal velocity, temperature profile, and entropy formation. The estimated skin friction and Nusselt number are the significant physical parameters. It can be observed that when the values of the stretching rate ratio and power index law increase, the skin friction increases, but it can have the opposite behavior compared to the Nusselt number.