bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Host Resistance to Common Bean Rust Disease in Western and Central Kenya
Authors: Wafula Brian W. , Arunga Edith E. , Rotich Felix
Published: May 2023

Rust, caused by Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger, is among the most devastating diseases of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. The pathogen is highly genetically variable, causing severe epidemics under favourable weather conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine the distribution of bean rust in major production areas in Kenya and identify potential sources of resistance for breeding. A field survey was conducted in five counties targeting smallholder common bean farmers in western and central Kenya, where data on the incidence and severity of bean rust and crop management practices by farmers were recorded. Additionally, seeds of the evaluated genotypes were collected from farms visited for further testing. A total of 77 common bean genotypes were subjected to natural infection under field conditions and inoculated with races 29–1, 29–3, 61–1, and 63–1 of rust under greenhouse conditions at the University of Embu. The gene pool affiliation of the genotypes was determined through the phaseolin protein marker analysis. Rust incidence and severity data were subjected to an analysis of variance using GenStat statistical software. The results showed that bean rust occurred in all counties although there were significant differences (

P
<
0.001

) in incidence and severity among the surveyed localities. Based on a 1–9 severity rating scale, Bungoma County recorded the highest mean severity of 3.99 and an incidence of 71%. Cultivar grown, use of fungicides, management of residues, and crop spacing had a significant effect on bean rust severity. Under field and greenhouse conditions, the genotypes revealed high variations in response to rust, with 71% of the genotypes being susceptible under greenhouse inoculations. Enclave, MU#13, UN2-Darkgreen, UN6-Nakholo, Kat X56, and KMR-11 genotypes were identified as resistant and can be used as prospective parents in common bean improvement programs in Kenya. This study revealed high occurrence and distribution of common bean rust and thus provides critical baseline information for common bean rust management in Kenya.
Model‐Free Cooperative Optimal Output Regulation for Linear Discrete‐Time Multi‐Agent Systems Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wu Beining , Wu Wei
Published: May 2023

In this paper, an off‐policy model‐free algorithm is presented for solving the cooperative optimal output regulation problem for linear discrete‐time multi‐agent systems. First, an adaptive distributed observer is designed for each follower to estimate the leader’s information. Then, a distributed feedback‐feedforward controller is developed for each follower to solve the cooperative optimal output regulation problem utilizing the follower’s state information and the adaptive distributed observer. Based on the reinforcement learning method, an adaptive algorithm is presented to find the optimal feedback gains via online data collection from system trajectory. By designing a Sylvester map, the solution to the regulator equations is calculated via data collected from the optimal feedback gain design steps, and the feedforward control gain is found. Finally, an off‐policy model‐free algorithm is proposed to design the distributed feedback‐feedforward controller for each follower to solve the cooperative optimal output regulation problem. A numerical example is given to verify the effectiveness of this proposed approach.
The Difference in Subpopulation Structures in Sex-Sorted and Non-Sorted Semen by Discriminant Analysis of Bull Sperm Motility Data Collected by a Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis System
Authors: Kanno Chihiro , Sakamoto Kentaro Q. , Kang Sung-Sik , Yanagawa Yojiro , Katagiri Seiji , Nagano Masashi
Published: May 2023

We examined the motility characteristics of sperm from sex-sorted bull semen as a model for low-quality (expected low conception rate) sperm compared to that of sperm from non-sorted semen (expected average conception rate) using cluster analysis followed by discriminant analysis. The results indicated that sex-sorted semen contained sperm with hyperactivation-like motility as the main subpopulation immediately after thawing, and this subpopulation decreased after 2 h of incubation. The main subpopulation in the non-sorted semen had progressive motility that was maintained during incubation. A conventional comparison of the mean values of kinematic parameters could not distinguish the samples. In conclusion, discriminant analysis using data from a cluster analysis of motile sperm may accurately describe differences in the structures of sperm motility subpopulations between low and normal fertility semen.
Supplementary Table 6 from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance among Individuals with Cirrhosis: Trends by Payer, Etiology, and Calendar Year, from a Statewide, Multi-Payer Dataset, 2010–2018
Authors: Hsu Christine D. , Henderson Louise M. , Jackson Bradford E. , Baggett Christopher D. , Funk Michele Jonsson , Olshan Andrew F. , Gupta Parul , Barritt A. Sidney , Sanoff Hanna K. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Moon Andrew M. , Lund Jennifer L.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 6 includes baseline characteristics of individuals with cirrhosis eligible for HCC surveillance – Medicaid insurance only (N, %) (N=6,790).
Supplementary Table 5 from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance among Individuals with Cirrhosis: Trends by Payer, Etiology, and Calendar Year, from a Statewide, Multi-Payer Dataset, 2010–2018
Authors: Hsu Christine D. , Henderson Louise M. , Jackson Bradford E. , Baggett Christopher D. , Funk Michele Jonsson , Olshan Andrew F. , Gupta Parul , Barritt A. Sidney , Sanoff Hanna K. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Moon Andrew M. , Lund Jennifer L.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 5 includes baseline characteristics of individuals with cirrhosis eligible for HCC surveillance – private insurance only (N, %) (N=6,530).
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Circulating Sex Hormone Levels and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Zhang Yingfan , Lagergren Jesper , Li Shanshan , Li Jingru , Zhou Zhixian , Hu Zhijian , Xie Shao-Hua
Published: May 2023

This supplementary materials and methods section shows the detailed literature search strategies.
Supplementary Table 4 from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance among Individuals with Cirrhosis: Trends by Payer, Etiology, and Calendar Year, from a Statewide, Multi-Payer Dataset, 2010–2018
Authors: Hsu Christine D. , Henderson Louise M. , Jackson Bradford E. , Baggett Christopher D. , Funk Michele Jonsson , Olshan Andrew F. , Gupta Parul , Barritt A. Sidney , Sanoff Hanna K. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Moon Andrew M. , Lund Jennifer L.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 4 includes descriptive statistics of the cohort, by cirrhosis etiology and by insurance type.
Supplementary Table 2 from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance among Individuals with Cirrhosis: Trends by Payer, Etiology, and Calendar Year, from a Statewide, Multi-Payer Dataset, 2010–2018
Authors: Hsu Christine D. , Henderson Louise M. , Jackson Bradford E. , Baggett Christopher D. , Funk Michele Jonsson , Olshan Andrew F. , Gupta Parul , Barritt A. Sidney , Sanoff Hanna K. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Moon Andrew M. , Lund Jennifer L.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 2 includes the CPT/HCPCS codes for the HCC surveillance outcome definitions.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Circulating Sex Hormone Levels and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Zhang Yingfan , Lagergren Jesper , Li Shanshan , Li Jingru , Zhou Zhixian , Hu Zhijian , Xie Shao-Hua
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Figure S2 shows forest plots (1), sensitivity analysis (2) and funnel plots (3) of the associations between prediagnostic circulating sex hormone levels and gastric cancer risk.
Table S6 from Incidence Trends and Survival in Early-Onset Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Radkiewicz Cecilia , Asplund Johannes , Lagergren Jesper
Published: May 2023

Early-to-later-onset esophagogastric adenocarcinoma excess mortality rate ratios (EMRR) in patients diagnosed in years 2007-2019, exploring effect modification by sex (upper panel) and cancer stage (lower panel), with 95% confidence intervals (CI), model fit compared using the likelihood-ratio test (p-value).
Supplementary Table 10 from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance among Individuals with Cirrhosis: Trends by Payer, Etiology, and Calendar Year, from a Statewide, Multi-Payer Dataset, 2010–2018
Authors: Hsu Christine D. , Henderson Louise M. , Jackson Bradford E. , Baggett Christopher D. , Funk Michele Jonsson , Olshan Andrew F. , Gupta Parul , Barritt A. Sidney , Sanoff Hanna K. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Moon Andrew M. , Lund Jennifer L.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 10 includes two-year cumulative incidences by cirrhosis etiology and by insurance (% and 95% confidence intervals).
Table S2 from Incidence Trends and Survival in Early-Onset Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Radkiewicz Cecilia , Asplund Johannes , Lagergren Jesper
Published: May 2023

Distribution, numbers (n) and percentages (%), of clinicopathological characteristics in early- (age 20-49 years) and later-onset (age 50-99 years) esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.
Data from Incidence Trends and Survival in Early-Onset Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Radkiewicz Cecilia , Asplund Johannes , Lagergren Jesper
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:
Early-onset adenocarcinomas of different sites are increasing in high-income countries, data on esophagogastric adenocarcinoma are sparse.
Methods:
We performed a Swedish population-based cohort study over 1993 to 2019 to delineate differences in incidence and survival in early-onset (age 20–54 years) compared with later-onset (55–99 years) esophageal, cardia, and noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma. Temporal incidence trends were quantified as annual percentage changes (APC) and survival differences as excess mortality rate ratios (EMRR) using Poisson regression and including 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results:
Among 27,854 patients with esophagogastric adenocarcinoma, 2,576 were early-onset whereof 470 were esophageal, 645 were cardia, and 1,461 were noncardia gastric. Except noncardia gastric, the male predominance was larger in early-onset compared with later-onset disease. Advanced stage and signet ring cell morphology were more common among early-onset patients. Early-onset and later-onset APC estimates were comparable and esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence increased, cardia remained stable, and noncardia gastric decreased. Early-onset patients had better survival than later-onset, which was amplified when adjusting for prognostic factors including stage [adjusted EMRR 0.73 (95% CI, 0.63–0.85) in esophageal, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.65–0.86) in cardia, and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.61–0.74) in noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma]. The early-onset survival advantage was more pronounced in localized stages 0 to II (all sites) and women (esophageal and noncardia gastric).
Conclusions:
We found no major differences in incidence trends comparing early-onset and later-onset esophagogastric adenocarcinoma. Despite unfavorable prognostic features, early-onset esophagogastric adenocarcinoma survival was better than later-onset, particularly in localized stages and women.
Impact:
Our findings suggest delayed diagnosis in younger individuals and especially men.
Data from Estimated ovulatory years prior to menopause and postmenopausal endogenous hormone levels
Authors: Cramer Daniel W. , Vitonis Allison F. , Huang Tianyi , Shafrir Amy L. , Eliassen A Heather. , Barbieri Robert L. , Hankinson Susan E.
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Lifetime ovulatory years (LOY) is estimated by the difference between ages at menopause and menarche subtracting time for events interrupting ovulation. We tested whether LOY influences sex-hormone levels in postmenopausal women with at least one intact ovary not using hormones.
Methods
Estradiol, estrone, estrone sulfate, total testosterone, dehydroepiandrostendione sulfate (DHEAS), prolactin, and sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in 1,976 postmenopausal women from the Nurses’ Health Study. Associations of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol use, and other factors on hormones were assessed by t-tests and ANOVA. Linear regression was used to assess multivariable-adjusted associations between LOY and hormones and trends in hormone levels per 5-year increases in LOY were estimated.

Results
Women averaged 61.4 years old, 11.0 years since menopause, with BMI of 25.8 kg/m2. 13.6% had irregular cycles, 17.5% hysterectomy, 6.4% unilateral oophorectomy, and 13.8% were current smokers. Variables associated with one or more hormone levels were included as covariates. Each 5-year increase in LOY was significantly associated with a 5.2% increase in testosterone in women with BMI<25 kg/m2 and a 7.4% increase in testosterone and 7.3% increase in estradiol in women with above-average BMI.

Conclusions

This is the first study to show that greater LOY is associated with higher testosterone in postmenopausal women and higher estradiol in those with elevated BMI, suggesting accumulation of functioning stromal and thecal cells from repeated ovulations and peripheral conversion of testosterone.

Impact
A possible explanation for why greater LOY increases risk for breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer is offered.
A Phase 1/2 Multicenter Randomized Trial of Local Ablation plus Toripalimab versus Toripalimab Alone for Previously Treated Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Chunhui , Li Yan , Li Jiaping , Song Botian , Li Hanfeng , Liang Bin , Gu Shanzhi , Li Haiping , Chen Changyong , Li Sai , Peng Changli , Liu Fei , Xiao Juxiong , Long Xueying , Li Ping , Xiong Zhengping , Yi Xiaoping , Liao Weihua , Shi Liangrong
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

To assess the safety and efficacy of local ablation plus PD-1 inhibitor toripalimab in previously treated unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients and Methods:

In the multicenter, two-stage, and randomized phase 1/2 trial, patients were randomly assigned to receive toripalimab alone (240 mg, every 3 weeks), subtotal local ablation followed by toripalimab starting on post-ablation day 3 (Schedule D3), or on post-ablation day 14 (Schedule D14). The first endpoint of stage 1 was to determine which combination schedule could continue and progression-free survival (PFS) as the primary endpoint for stage 1/2.

Results:

A total of 146 patients were recruited. During stage 1, Schedule D3 achieved numerically higher objective response rate (ORR) than Schedule D14 for non-ablation lesions (37.5% vs. 31.3%), and was chosen for stage 2 evaluation. For the entire cohort of both stages, patients with Schedule D3 had a significantly higher ORR than with toripalimab alone (33.8% vs. 16.9%; P = 0.027). Moreover, patients with Schedule D3 had improved median PFS (7.1 vs. 3.8 months; P < 0.001) and median overall survival (18.4 vs. 13.2 months; P = 0.005), as compared with toripalimab alone. In addition, six (9%) patients with toripalimab, eight (12%) with Schedule D3, and 4 (25%) with Schedule D14 developed grade 3 or 4 adverse events, and one patient (2%) with Schedule D3 manifested grade 5 treatment-related pneumonitis.

Conclusions:

In patients with previously treated unresectable HCC, subtotal ablation plus toripalimab improved the clinical efficacy as compared with toripalimab alone, with an acceptable safety profile.
Supplementary Table S3 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
Authors: Fontaine Shaun D. , Carreras Christopher W. , Reid Ralph R. , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V.
Published: May 2023

Synergy of PEG-Exa 3A and the ATRi VX-970.
SCHEME 2 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
Authors: Fontaine Shaun D. , Carreras Christopher W. , Reid Ralph R. , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V.
Published: May 2023

SCHEME 2 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
FIGURE 2 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
Authors: Fontaine Shaun D. , Carreras Christopher W. , Reid Ralph R. , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V.
Published: May 2023

Pharmacokinetic profile of PEG-Exa conjugates 3A and 3B. A, C versus t plots after intraperitoneal administration of 7.5 μmol/kg 3A and 15 μmol/kg 3B to mice (n = 4/group); data for 3A normalized to 15 μmol/kg are also shown. Average C versus t curves for each group of mice were fit to a model of absorption followed by elimination [C = C0(exp(−kelimt) − exp(−kabst)] with 1/C2 weighting. B, Replot of the data in A as the 3B/3B and 3A/3B ratios where slope of the latter is the rate constant for Exa release, k1, from 3A (19).
FIGURE 1 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
Authors: Fontaine Shaun D. , Carreras Christopher W. , Reid Ralph R. , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V.
Published: May 2023

PEG-Exa remaining over time at 37°C at pH 5.0–8.4.
Pretensões críticas na série televisiva Segunda Chamada
Authors: Sena Ercio
Published: May 2023

O artigo pretende confrontar os sentidos de crítica atribuídos à série televisiva Segunda Chamada (2019 e 2021), da Rede Globo. Lançada incialmente na tevê aberta e, posteriormente, na plataforma de streaming Globoplay, a série é apresentada como um produto que pensa criticamente os problemas da realidade social brasileira a partir de enfoques pedagógicos e comunicativos desenvolvidos no ambiente escolar. Não somente a série, mas também outras interpretações reverberadas na mídia, reafirmam a produção como um destacado gesto crítico em torno dessas questões. Diante disso, propomos tensionar essa visão, partindo de uma recuperação do conceito de crítica para orientar a análise da série.
A monstruosidade xenófoba de Lovecraft: racismo e radicalismo nas criações literárias de um conservador
Authors: Garcia Yuri
Published: May 2023

Este artigo procura apresentar uma leitura sobre os aspectos xenófobo, radical, conservador e elitista do escritor de contos de horror Howard Phillips Lovecraft. Seu universo literário, seu panteão teratológico, sua mitologia cósmica e sua perspectiva filosófica pessimista apresentam uma profunda aderência em nossa cultura contemporânea, porém representam elementos em sua fundação que dialogam com as crenças pessoais do escritor – sobretudo seu posicionamento extremamente problemático acerca de determinados temas. Por meio de referenciais teóricos que promovam uma maior contextualização do pensamento de Lovecraft, tentaremos aprofundar o debate quanto às suas criações e sua persona, e relacionar as convicções pessoais do autor com seu universo criativo – e sua penetração em nosso imaginário cultural.
Associations of Menstrual Cycle Regularity and Length With Cardiovascular Diseases: A Prospective Study From UK Biobank
Authors: Huang Chensihan , Lin Bingquan , Yuan Youwen , Li Kangli , Xu Bingyan , Zhang Peizhen , Wei Xueyun , Wang Weiwei , Liu Wenhui , Deng Yajuan , Liu Deying , Lin Jiayang , Huang Yan , Zhang Huijie
Published: May 2023

Background

The association between menstrual cycle characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes remains unclear. This study was undertaken to evaluate whether menstrual cycle regularity and length throughout the life course are associated with cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods and Results

This cohort study included 58 056 women who had no cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline and reported their menstrual cycle regularity and length. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for CVD events were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. During the median 11.8 years of follow‐up, 1623 incident CVD cases were documented, including 827 incident cases of coronary heart disease, 199 myocardial infarctions, 271 strokes, 174 cases of heart failure, and 393 cases of atrial fibrillations. Compared with women with regular menstrual cycles, the HRs for women with irregular menstrual cycles were 1.19 (95% CI, 1.07–1.31) for CVD events and 1.40 (95% CI, 1.14–1.72) for atrial fibrillation. The multivariable‐adjusted HRs for short (≤21 days) or long (35 days) menstrual cycles during follow‐up were 1.29 (95% CI, 1.11–1.50) and 1.11 (95% CI, 0.98–1.56) for CVD events, respectively. Similarly, long or short cycle length were more likely to be associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation (HR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.01–1.66]; and HR, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.02–1.87]), and short cycle length was more likely to be associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction. However, these associations for stroke and heart failure were not significant.

Conclusions

Long or short menstrual cycle length was associated with increased risks of CVD and atrial fibrillation but not myocardial infarction, heart failure, or stroke. Short cycle length was associated with a greater risk of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction.
Barbus urmianus, a synonym of Barbus cyri (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
Authors: JOULADEH-ROUDBAR ARASH , GHANAVI HAMID REZA , KAYA CÜNEYT , FREYHOF JÖRG
Published: May 2023

Barbus urmianus, from the upper Mahabad River in Lake Urmia basin, was distinguished from B. cyri based on several morphological characters. Our analysis demonstrated very small molecular (COI) differences between both species and mostly overlapping or identic morphological character states. Therefore, Barbus urmianus is treated as a junior synonym of B. cyri.
American fauna of Cerambycidae and Disteniidae (Coleoptera): new species, new records, and notes
Authors: HEFFERN DANIEL , SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO
Published: May 2023

Sexual dimorphism in Elaphidion scabricolle (Bates, 1872) (Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae, Elaphidiini) is reported and the inclusion of the species in this genus is questioned. Leptostylus bicolor sp. nov. (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini) is described from Panama. Leptostylus pygialis Bates, 1872 is redescribed based on a female with an elytral pubescent pattern different from that of the lectotype; the sex of the lectotype, originally reported as female is commented on. Notes are provided on Lophopoeum saronotum Bates, 1872 (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini). Distenia (Basisvallis) phaeocera Bates, 1880 (Disteniidae) is recorded from Panama and Drycothaea sallei Thomson, 1868 (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Calliini) is recorded from Mexico (Chiapas) and Honduras.
Argia koroivarum sp. nov. (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) from Minas Gerais state, Southeastern Brazil
Authors: VILELA DIOGO SILVA , GUILLERMO-FERREIRA RHAINER , KOROIVA RICARDO
Published: May 2023

Argia koroivarum sp. nov. (BRAZIL, Minas Gerais state, São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional Serra da Canastra, 9.iv.2019, (-20.2323, -46.6084, 1306m asl), D.S. Vilela, R. Guillermo, R. Koroiva leg., Laboratory of Ecological Studies on Ethology and Evolution (LESTES), Uberaba, Minas Gerais State, Brazil) is described, illustrated, and diagnosed based on specimens collected in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The new species can be diagnosed from its congeners by the morphology of male ligula, dorsal branch of paraproct, and of female mesostigmal lobes.
Revision of the genus Phyllotrella Gorochov, 1988 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Podoscirtinae: Podoscirtini)
Authors: WEI SHU-FEI , WANG DAN , ZHANG TAO , HE ZHU-QING
Published: May 2023

The genus Phyllotrella Gorochov, 1988 presently comprises four described species, P. planidorsalis Gorochov, 1988, P. fumingi Sun & Liu, 2019, P. hainanensis Sun & Liu, 2019 and P. transversa Sun & Liu, 2019. In this study, the results of this genus are based on molecular and morphological features. The molecular result shows that the genetic distance among these individuals from different areas was 0.767%–1.386%. Thus, we consider them as same species. However, based on the similarities and differences of their male genitalia, we suggest treat these species as two subspecies P. planidorsalis planidorsalis (= P. hainanensis syn. nov. and P. transversa syn. nov.) and P. planidorsalis fumingi stat. nov.
Synoptic Typing of Multiduration, Heavy Precipitation Records in the Northeastern United States: 1895–2017
Authors: Crossett Caitlin C. , Dupigny-Giroux Lesley-Ann L. , Kunkel Kenneth E. , Betts Alan K. , Bomblies Arne
Published: May 2023

Much of the previous research on total and heavy precipitation trends across the northeastern United States (herein, the Northeast) used daily precipitation totals over relatively short periods of record, which do not capture the full range of climate variability and change. Less well understood are the characteristics of long-term changes and synoptic patterns in longer-duration heavy precipitation events across the Northeast. A multiduration (1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 30 days), multi-return-interval (2, 5, 10, and 50 years) precipitation dataset was used to diagnose changes in various types of precipitation events across the Northeast from 1895 to 2017. Increasing trends were found in all duration and return-interval event combinations with the rarest, longest duration events increasing at faster rates than more-frequent, shorter-duration ones. Daily 850-hPa geopotential height patterns associated with precipitation events were extracted from rotated principal component analysis and k-means clustering analysis, which allowed for the main synoptic types present as well as their structure and evolution to be analyzed. The daily synoptic patterns thus identified were found to be similar across all durations and return intervals and included coastal low (Northeasters, tropical cyclones, and predecessor rain events), deep trough, East Coast trough, zonal, and high pressure patterns.
Cecal-Colon Intussusception due to Appendiceal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma
Authors: St John Ace , Murray Rhaya , Cooper Laura , Diaz Jose , Ghneim Mira
Published: May 2023

Intussusception is a rare presentation in adults and describes when one portion of the intestine telescopes into another portion. Intussusception is associated with malignancies serving as the lead point in adults. Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms are uncommon tumors often incidentally discovered during appendectomy procedures to manage acute appendicitis. Here we present a case report of an instance of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix that manifested as a large bowel obstruction with intussusception limited to the colon, underscoring the possibility of concurrent intussusception and mucinous neoplasms. The case highlights the importance of meticulous diagnostic evaluation and management, particularly without well-defined treatment protocols. Appropriate diagnostic workup and management, including surgical intervention, are critical for patient outcomes and overall prognosis. The study recommends that patients diagnosed with confirmed or suspected appendiceal neoplasms undergo upfront oncologic resection where aggressive malignancy is a concern. Colonoscopy should be performed postoperatively for all patients to identify synchronous lesions.
How Personalist Parties Undermine State Capacity in Democracies
Authors: Li Jia , Wright Joseph
Published: May 2023

How do political parties shape state capacity? We argue that democratic leaders backed by personalist parties are more likely than other leaders to undermine impartial state administration. Personalist parties are those where the leader has more control over the party than other senior party elites. Elites in these parties have careers closely tied to the leader, are unlikely to normatively value an impersonal bureaucracy, and lack collective action capacity independent from the leader. Therefore, personalist parties are less likely than other parties to restrain leaders from undermining impartial state administration. Results from various designs for causal inference show that party personalism decreases impersonal state administration, particularly when the party controls a legislative majority. However, party personalism does not influence other dimensions of state capacity, such as fiscal capacity or territorial control. The findings have implications for how political parties enable democratically elected leaders to erode open-access societies and ultimately, democracy.
Health-Related Assistance Programs, Leadership Support, and Organizational Performance: Evidence From the U.S. Federal Agencies
Authors: Al-Fayez Diana , Goodman Doug
Published: May 2023

This study examines the impact of health-related assistance programs as a type of work–life balance policies on the organizational performance of U.S. federal agencies. Drawing on the Social Exchange Theory and using the Federal Employees Viewpoints Survey (FEVS) from 2011–2015, this study had anticipated that the two types of health-related assistance programs, namely, the Employees Assistance Program and wellness program, have a significant positive relationship with organizational performance in the U.S. federal agencies and that this relationship varies in the cases of feminine organizations (redistributive agencies) compared with masculine organizations (distributive, regulatory, and constituent agencies). The study also expected that leadership support has a significant positive moderating effect. The results show that only employee assistance programs have a significant positive impact on organizational performance and that leadership support has a significant positive moderation effect on the relationship between organizational performance and wellness programs in all U.S. federal agencies.
Cutaneous mastocytosis in 8 young dogs and review of literature
Authors: Yang Ching , Bradley Charles W. , Preziosi Diane , Mauldin Elizabeth A.
Published: May 2023

Cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) is a rare condition in young dogs characterized by multicentric cutaneous proliferation of neoplastic mast cells. Clinical data from 8 dogs that met inclusion criteria (age of onset less than 1.5 years, greater than 3 lesions) were obtained via a standardized survey. Biopsy samples were classified by the Kiupel/Patnaik grading systems and analyzed for c-KIT mutations. The median age of onset was 6 months (range: 2–17 months). Dogs had 5 to more than 50 lesions characterized as nodules, plaques, and papules. Seven dogs were pruritic. Clinical staging in 2 dogs did not reveal visceral involvement. No dogs had systemic illnesses at diagnosis. Histologically, CM was similar to cutaneous mast cell tumor (cMCT). Two dogs had neoplasms classified as high-grade/grade II while 6 dogs had low-grade/grade II neoplasms. No dogs had mutations in c-KIT exons 8 and 11. Treatment included antihistamines (8/8), corticosteroids (7/8), lokivetmab (3/8), and toceranib (1/8). Six dogs were alive with lesions at the end of the study with a median follow-up time of 898 days, while 2 dogs were euthanized. In dogs with high-grade/grade II neoplasms, one continued to develop lesions at 1922 days post-diagnosis, while the other dog was euthanized at 56 days post-diagnosis. One dog was euthanized 621 days post-diagnosis due to rupture of a neoplasm. CM occurs in young dogs and is histologically indistinguishable from cMCT. Current histologic grading systems did not apply uniformly to the dogs of the study and further studies are needed.
Analyzing the S-characteristic of pump-turbine under the same head condition from the perspective of flow energy dissipation
Authors: Tao Ran , Heng Yaguang , Zhang Fangfang , Pan Jiale , Zhu Di , Liu Weichao , Xiao Ruofu , Gui Zhonghua
Published: May 2023

The S region on the full characteristic curve of pump-turbine is one of the important key features that affect its operation stability. In S region, one specific rotational speed value ( n11) corresponds to three specific flow rate values ( Q11), which causes the unit to fluctuate between different operation conditions. In this paper, focusing on the special region of pump-turbine, based on the combination of model experiment and numerical simulation, the S-region dynamic model of pump-turbine is established. The internal flow mechanism of pump-turbine is analyzed in detail from the perspective of Flow Energy Dissipation (FED). The results show that the high FED component is different at different operating points, but the flow energy maintain balance in the pump-turbine unit. High FED area displayed in near-wall or inter-channel of different components under different flow conditions. Besides, the generation of S region is related to the dynamic balance of energy especially in the no-load region. The analysis results of this paper provide theoretical basis for scientific and stable operation of pump-turbine.
Favorable outcomes of navigated percutaneous ablation and cementoplasty of bone metastasis in the extremities and pelvis-a case series of 13 cases
Authors: Efrima Ben , Benady Amit , E. Ovadia Joshua , Albagli Assaf , Rath Ehud , Dadia Solomon , Gortzak Yair , Sternheim Amir , Merose Omri , Segal Ortal
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Palliative treatment options for bone metastasis are limited, especially in cases where standard protocols have already failed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous ablation, either by cryoablation or radiofrequency, combined with percutaneous cementoplasty using cone-beam guided navigation. The objective was to relieve symptoms and improve functionality in patients suffering from pain secondary to bone metastases, as well as evaluate local disease progression post ablation.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of 13 patients (average age 63.6 ± 9.8, nine females) with symptomatic skeletal metastases treated using 3D imaging with navigation and followed for at least 12 months. The treatment protocol was implemented either after failure of first line treatment, or as first line when mechanical instability was present. Percutaneous lesion ablation was performed along with percutaneous cementation.

Results

In this study, we observed a statistically significant decrease in pain. The mean Visual Analog Scale pain score decreased from 7.1 ± 0.4 prior to CRA/RFA to 2.2 ± 0.3 after the procedure ( p < 0.001). At the 12-months follow-up, all patients were able to ambulate with no assistance (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group <2). One minor adverse event (paresthesia) and one major adverse event (drop foot) were resolved at 1 year of follow-up.

Conclusions

Treatment of bone metastasis with RFA and CRA in conjunction with cementoplasty using Cone-beam computed tomography navigation provides patients with significant palliative outcomes and in most cases, local tumor control.
A Correlational Study on Reflective Capacity and Ethical Engagement in Adult Learners of Health Professions
Authors: Or Justina , Golba Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

Because professional ethical engagement is essential to the delivery of high-quality healthcare services, health professions education programs must have effective instructional practices to train future healthcare providers of various disciplines to practice ethically. As research has found reflection to be an effective instructional practice for educating adult learners and teaching professional ethics, promoting health professions students’ tendency to reflect by boosting their reflective capacity may be helpful. Therefore, the study sought to examine the relationships between reflective capacity and professional ethical engagement to offer quantitative evidence for the significance of reflection in professional ethical engagement among health professions students. Correlational analyses revealed a strong, positive relationship between reflective capacity and professional ethical engagement in health professions students. Reflective capacity, specifically reflection-on-action and self-appraisal, could predict professional ethical engagement in health professions students. These findings provided insights into the reflective capacity and professional ethical engagement in health professions students. However, further research on the relationship between reflective capacity and professional ethical engagement in adult learners of health professions is needed.
When Majority Men Respect Minority Women, Groups Communicate Better: A Neurological Exploration
Authors: Amey Rachel , Emich Kyle J. , Forbes Chad E.
Published: May 2023

Groups must leverage their members’ diverse knowledge to make optimal decisions. However, the gender composition of a group may affect this ability, particularly because solo status female members (one female grouped with males) are generally allocated lower status than their male counterparts, so their knowledge is more likely to be ignored. Whereas most previous work suggests ways solo status women can increase their status; instead, we propose that groups communicate better when men give their female teammate appropriate respect. We examine this in mixed-gender groups working on a hidden profile task while wearing wireless EEGs to measure live neural activity. We find that groups who solve the problem correctly are more likely to contain majority male members with more approach-oriented mindsets, operationalized as neural alpha asymmetry, as they respect their female teammate more. Thus, we provide evidence that neural activity is partially responsible for whether mixed-gender groups make optimal decisions.
Policy Consequences of Revolving-Door Lobbying
Authors: McKay Amy Melissa , Lazarus Jeffrey
Published: May 2023

This article presents the first direct analysis of the influence of revolving-door lobbyists over the content of adopted public laws. We use earmarks to evaluate both the effects of lobbying and the possible additional effects of lobbying by individuals who formerly worked as congressional members and staff. Employing a fixed-effects panel approach, we evaluate original data describing the lobbying efforts of the more than 5000 accredited U.S. colleges and universities over a 12-year timeframe. Our analysis indicates that schools that lobby in a given year can expect to receive 54% more earmarks and 24% more earmarked funds relative to other schools and other years. Further, there is an additional significant effect of revolving-door lobbying that is greatest at lower levels of lobbying expenditures. Our results contribute to the emerging literature on comparative lobbying and speak to concerns about the possible corrupting influence of revolving-door lobbying over public policy.
US Regional Newspapers and Instagram: A Content Analysis
Authors: Saks Jeremy , Hopkins Ashley
Published: May 2023

Journalism outlets are regularly looking for ways to reach their audiences. One of those ways that has increased in popularity over time is social media. However, little is known about how to best create content that connects to the audiences through these platforms. The current exploratory study utilizes quantitative content analysis to understand how three regional newspapers in the United States utilized Instagram for content distribution. Regional newspapers were selected to have non-elite levels of funding and staffing. Findings demonstrate three approaches to the platform from each of the outlets studied in terms of topic, visual approach, multimedia utilized, and more. The user responses to the content are also discussed.
Inflammatory Bowel Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Management of Care for Students at School
Authors: Schaumleffel Carol
Published: May 2023

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term for two chronic and recurrent digestive conditions, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Both are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract but not caused by infection or other identifiable causes. Childhood IBD often leads to a more extensive disease and a more aggressive course than adult-onset disease. Since children spend a lot of time at school, children with IBD may experience symptoms while at school. As a result, school nurses play a crucial role in identifying and managing students with IBD within their school or school district. It is important for a school nurse to understand the etiology, symptoms, and management of IBD to provide management of care at school.
Hybrid Norwood for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome With Rare Aortic Arch Anatomy
Authors: Gray W. Hampton , Sorabella Robert A. , Berry C. Mason , Padilla Luz A. , Law Mark A. , Dabal Robert J.
Published: May 2023

We describe the hybrid Norwood as first-stage palliation for a patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, right aortic arch, right descending aorta, bilateral ductus arteriosus, and left innominate artery arising from the left ductus.
Association Between Preoperative Glenoid Bone Loss and Postoperative Outcomes After Coracoid Transfer Combined With Open Bankart Repair: Comparison of the Bristow and Latarjet Techniques
Authors: Hirose Takehito , Tanaka Makoto , Nakai Hidekazu , Hanai Hiroto , Kotani Yuki , Kuratani Kosuke , Hayashida Kenji
Published: May 2023

Background:

Whether the extent of glenoid bone loss (GBL) affects clinical outcome after coracoid process transfer (CPT) is still unclear.

Purpose:

To evaluate postoperative outcomes after CPT combined with open Bankart repair in young rugby players in terms of the extent of GBL and between the Bristow and Latarjet techniques.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The authors investigated 101 shoulders in 91 competitive rugby players who underwent CPT combined with open Bankart repair by the Bristow (group B; 66 shoulders) or Latarjet (group L; 35 shoulders) procedure between 2007 and 2017. The extent of GBL was calculated from the en face view of the glenoid on preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography scans and was used to categorize shoulders into 4 grades (grade 0, 0%; grade 1, >0% and ≤10%; grade 2, >10% and ≤20%; grade 3, >20%). At the minimum 2-year follow-up, the authors analyzed the relationship between GBL or GBL grade and postoperative outcome scores (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Rowe score, Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index, and patient satisfaction), return-to-play (RTP) times, graft failure (insufficient union or translocation), and recurrence.

Results:

The mean GBL in all shoulders was 10.9% ± 9.2% and was not significantly different between the 2 groups. There were no significant correlations between GBL and any outcome measure in either group. The mean RTP time was significantly shorter in group L versus group B (4.8 ± 1.1 vs 5.8 ± 1.8 months, respectively; P = .002), but it was not associated with GBL. In group B, the rate of graft failure was not significantly higher in shoulders with grade 0 or 1 GBL versus grade 2 or 3 GBL (8 [25.0%] vs 4 [11.8%], respectively; P = .21). In group B, graft failure was confirmed in 12 shoulders (18.2%), compared with 1 shoulder (2.9%) in group L. Postoperative recurrence occurred in significantly fewer shoulders in group B than in group L (2 [3.0%] vs 5 [14.3%], respectively; P = .047).

Conclusion:

The extent of GBL did not affect outcome scores after CPT, regardless of operative procedure.
Greek adaptation of the teachers’ Attitudes Towards Teaching All Students (ATTAS-mm) scale
Authors: Charitaki Garyfalia , Kypriotaki Maria , Alevriadou Anastasia
Published: May 2023

This study aims to assess reliability and construct validity of the Greek version of the Attitudes Towards Teaching All Students Scale. All teachers were employed either with preschool or first-school-age children. In Study 1, we performed exploratory factor analysis in order to assess the factor structure in a sample of n = 253 in-service teachers. In Study 2, we performed confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the proposed 3-factor structure in a sample of n = 610 in-service teachers. Results suggest that the Greek-adapted version of ATTAS-mm is a reliable and valid research tool and they are discussed in terms of pre-service and in-service teachers’ training.
Why “AI” models for predicting soil liquefaction have been ignored, plus some that shouldn’t be
Authors: Maurer Brett W , Sanger Morgan D
Published: May 2023

Soil liquefaction remains an important and interesting problem that has attracted the development of enumerable prediction models. Increasingly, these models are utilizing algorithmic learning or “artificial intelligence” (AI). The rapid growth of AI in the liquefaction literature is unsurprising, given its ease of implementation and potential advantages over traditional statistical methods. However, AI liquefaction models have been widely ignored by practitioners and researchers alike; the objective of this article is to investigate “why?” Through a sample review of 75 publications, we identify several good reasons. Namely, these models frequently (1) are not compared to state-of-practice models, making it unclear why they should be adopted; (2) depart from best practices in model development; (3) use AI in ways that may not be useful; (4) are presented in ways that overstate their complexity and make them unapproachable; and (5) are discussed but not actually provided, meaning that no one can use the models even if they wanted to. These prevailing problems must be understood, identified, and remedied, but this does not mean that AI itself is problematic or that all prior efforts have been without merit or utility. Instead, understanding these recurrent shortcomings can help improve the direction and perceptions of this growing body of work. Toward this end, we highlight papers that are generally free from these shortcomings, and which demonstrate applications where AI is more likely to provide value in the near-term: permitting new modeling approaches and potentially improving predictions of liquefaction phenomena.
Monazite-(Gd), a new Gd-dominant mineral of the monazite group from the Zimná Voda REE–U–Au quartz vein, Prakovce, Western Carpathians, Slovakia
Authors: Ondrejka Martin , Uher Pavel , Ferenc Štefan , Majzlan Juraj , Pollok Kilian , Mikuš Tomáš , Milovská Stanislava , Molnárová Alexandra , Škoda Radek , Kopáčik Richard , Kurylo Sergii , Bačík Peter
Published: May 2023

Monazite-(Gd), ideally GdPO4, is a new mineral of the monazite group. It was discovered near Prakovce-Zimná Voda, ~23 km WNW of Košice, Western Carpathians, Slovakia. It forms anhedral domains (≤100 μm, mostly 10–50 μm in size), in close association with monazite-(Sm), Gd-bearing xenotime-(Y), Gd-bearing hingganite-(Y), fluorapatite and uraninite. All these minerals are hosted in a REE–U–Au quartz–muscovite vein, hosted in phyllites in an exocontact to granites. The density calculated using the average empirical formula and unit-cell parameters is 5.55 g/cm3. The average chemical composition measured by means of electron microprobe is as follows (wt.%): P2O5 29.68, As2O5 0.15, SiO2 0.07, ThO2 0.01, UO2 0.04, Y2O3 1.30, La2O3 3.19, Ce2O3 6.93, Pr2O3 1.12, Nd2O3 10.56, Sm2O3 17.36, Eu2O3 1.49, Gd2O3 22.84, Tb2O3 1.57, Dy2O3 2.27, CaO 0.21, total 99.67. The corresponding empirical formula calculated on the basis of 4 oxygen atoms is: (Gd0.30Sm0.24Nd0.15Ce0.10La0.05Dy0.03Y0.03Tb0.02Eu0.02Pr0.02Ca0.01)0.98P1.01O4. The ideal formula is GdPO4. The monazite-type structure has been confirmed by micro-Raman spectroscopy and selected-area electron diffraction. Monazite-(Gd) is monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 6.703(1) Å, b = 6.914(1) Å, c = 6.383(1) Å, β = 103.8(1)°, V = 287.3(1) Å3 and Z = 4. The middle REE enrichment of monazite-(Gd) is shared with the associated Gd-bearing xenotime-(Y) to ‘xenotime-(Gd)’ and Gd-bearing hingganite-(Y). This exotic REE signature and precipitation of Gd-bearing mineral assemblage is a product of selective complexing and enrichment in middle REE in low-temperature hydrothermal fluids by alteration of primary uraninite, brannerite and fluorapatite on a micro-scale. The new mineral is named as an analogue of monazite-(La), monazite-(Ce), monazite-(Nd) and monazite-(Sm) but with Gd dominant among the REE.