bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alignment efficiency of heat activated and superelastic nickel-titanium archwires in orthodontic patients over three months: A Single-center, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Amaya González Suly Y. , Roncancio Alexandra Pérez , Acuña Estefanía Ángel , Guevara Barreto Luz A. , Vargas Natalia Muñoz , Plaza-Ruiz Sonia P.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this 2-arm parallel study was to evaluate the alignment efficiency of heat-activated nickel-titanium (NiTi-TE) and superelastic nickel titanium (NiTi-PSE) archwires over the first 3 months of orthodontic treatment and compare these groups.

SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION:

Randomized, double-blind, controlled, single-center trial in 52 patients with fixed orthodontic appliances from an orthodontic graduate program in the permanent dentition and moderate crowding in the lower arch.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Patients were randomly allocated to one of two interventions: NiTi-TE and NiTi-PSE archwires, 0.014-inch (3M Unitek™, CA, USA) with a follow-up period of 3 months. The primary outcome was the alignment efficiency determined by the reduction in Little's irregularity index (mm), measured in three points, T0: before the start of orthodontic treatment, T1: 1 month later, T2: 2 months later, T3: 3 months later. Data were analyzed using independent sample t tests and repeated measures ANOVA.

RESULTS:

52 patients (NiTi-TE n = 26; NiTi-PSE n = 26) were randomized and analyzed (average age: 21.73; standard deviation (SD): 6.07; average lower anterior irregularity: 5.20; SD: 0.76) for intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. No statistically significant differences between the groups were found (mean of the differences: T1: 0.20; 95% CI: –0.558; 0.958; T2: 0.49: 95% CI: –0.339; 1.319; T3: 0.33; 95% CI: –0.308; 0.968). The resolution of crowding with each of the wires was significant (P < 0.0001) at all times. Twelve participants (2 treated with NiTi-TE and 10 treated with NiTi-PSE) lost follow-up due to face-to-face dental-procedures restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, the missing data was imputed.

CONCLUSIONS:

NiTi-TE and NiTi-PSE wires of 0.014-inch were similar in their clinical efficiency for the resolution of crowding during the first 3 months of orthodontic treatment.

REGISTRATION:

Clinical Trials NCT03256279.
A comparison of the quadhelix and the nickel-titanium palatal expander in the treatment of narrow maxillary arches: A prospective clinical study
Authors: Revankar Ameet Vaman , Bhat Sagar S. , Rozario Joe E.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES:

The study aimed to compare the effects of quadhelix and nickel-titanium (NiTi) expander appliances on lower facial height, to quantify, and evaluate dentoalveolar and orthopedic changes in transverse plane, respectively, to estimate the difference in changes between these two appliances.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Twenty patients, ten for the quadhelix and NiTi expander in the two-appliance group, respectively, participated in this study. A total of 8 readings, 1 for clinical facial height, 2 for model analysis, and 5 for posteroanterior cephalometric analysis were recorded. The statistical tests used were, Student's unpaired and paired t-tests.

RESULTS:

Both appliances individually, produced statistically highly significant (p < 0.01) expansion every month in both premolar and molar areas with more uniform expansion for quadhelix and less expansion in NiTi palatal expander in the premolar region initially. The skeletal to dental change ratio showed that there was more dental change than skeletal with no inter-appliance differences statistically while assessing the PA cephalometric readings.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study infers that both appliances are equally efficacious maxillary expanders, which are primarily dentoalveolar and not skeletal (p < 0.05).
The COVID-19 experience of orthodontists in Jordan
Authors: Sabbagh Yana , Chadwick Stephen M. , Lewis Benjamin R.K. , Abu Alhaija Elham S.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES:

To understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on orthodontic clinical services in Jordan.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Google Forms electronic questionnaires were distributed between March and June 2021 using the WhatsApp platform of the Jordanian Orthodontic Society and via direct WhatsApp messages. The survey was identical and contemporaneous to that used in the United Kingdom.[9]

RESULTS:

The survey yielded 127 unique responses, giving a response rate of 53.1%. The factors that had the greatest impact on service delivery were government guidance (78%), patients' fear of attending (70.1%), and increased cross-infection measures (65.4%). The survey revealed that there had been a perceived deterioration in oral hygiene (60.3%) and levels of compliance (61.9%) in patients in active treatment even though patients in treatment were prioritized during the pandemic. Also, 56.8% of respondents felt clinical staff should be vaccinated and undergo regular testing for COVID-19. Orthodontists within Jordan were optimistic regarding the speed at which clinical services would return to pre-pandemic levels of activity with 32.5% anticipating this would take less than 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients in active orthodontic treatment, during COVID-19, have been prioritized but at the expense of new and review patients. Respondents in Jordan felt COVID-19 would have ongoing effects on clinical care, professional practice, and society. Most respondents supported the vaccination of orthodontic staff and were optimistic about the effect of a vaccination program on restoring clinical services.
Effect of Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) on new bone formation in surgical expansion with mini-screw assisted rapid palatal expander: A dog model study
Authors: Awni Khawla M. , Dewachi Zaid , Al-Hyani Osama Hazim
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of the study is to test whether the local injection of i-PRF may affect osteoblast, blood vessels and new bone formation in surgically expanded mid palatal suture using maxillary skeletal expander.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Eighteen adult male local breed dogs were divided randomly into three groups: group I (control), includes the expansion with maxillary skeletal expander that was done without corticotomy and i-PRF. Group II, involves the expansion that was done with mid palatal corticotomy but without i-PRF injection. Group III, has the expansion that was done with mid palatal corticotomy and has injection with 2 ml of i-PRF. Each group consisted of 6 dogs which were subdivided into 3 dogs. Three dogs were sacrificed after 15 days and the other 3 dogs were sacrificed after 45 days. The number of osteoblast, blood vessels and new bone formation percentage were statistically analyzed using Sigma plot platform. Mean and standard error, ANOVA and Duncan were performed among the different groups. Values of P ≤ 0.05 were considered significant.

RESULTS:

After expansion, the i-PRF group demonstrated a considerable increase in the amount of new bone in the mid-palatal suture at 15 and 45 days compared with other 2 groups which were indicated by highest percentages of new bone formation (29.30% of 15 days and 76.55% at 45 days) if compared to control group which were (7.72% at 15 days and 22.30% at 45 days). The corticotomy groups were in between, 15.33% and 46.84% respectively. Moreover the number of osteoblasts was higher in corticotomy with i-PRF group on 15 days and decreased on 45 days than the other two groups, while the blood vessels were highest in this group than the other two groups both on 15 and 45 days.

CONCLUSION:

I-PRF enhanced the production of osteoblast, blood vessels, and new bone in the surgically expanded mid palatal suture.
Effect of oral environment on contemporary orthodontic materials and its clinical implications
Authors: Selvaraj Madhanraj , Mohaideen Kaja , Sennimalai Karthik , Gothankar Greeshma Shantharam , Arora Garima
Published: September 2023

Contemporary orthodontics entails using advanced materials and devices, simplifying the process of tooth movement. It is well documented that orthodontic materials are subjected to various fluctuations and stresses in the oral environment, such as salivary pH, dietary habits, temperature changes, and masticatory loads. These changes reduce bonding materials' longevity, plasticize resin polymers, and reduce elastic properties. In addition, the corrosion of orthodontic appliances in the oral environment has concerned clinicians for some time. This is focused on two principal issues: whether corrosion products are absorbed into the body and cause either localized or systemic effects, and the results of corrosion on the physical properties and the clinical performance of orthodontic appliances. Recently, another major concern is the potential release of bisphenol-A from materials containing polymers such as thermoplastic aligners and resins, which is known to induce xenoestrogenicity and cytotoxicity when the tissue level exceeds the daily recommended intake. However, most of these findings are based on in vitro studies that suffer from serious drawbacks such as failure to replicate the exact oral environment and process during orthodontic treatment. Therefore, developing clinically relevant methods should be the goal of future research related to the aging of orthodontic materials. The purpose of this review is to outline the impact of the oral environment on contemporary orthodontic materials.
A comparative evaluation of nickel-titanium wires and clear aligners in the management of mandibular incisor crowding
Authors: Ashutosh W , Verghese Yohan , Mohammed Azhar , Devanna Raghu , Bhardwaj Rishibha , Sahu Anshu , Babaji Prashant
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES:

To compare nickel-titanium (NiTi) wires and clear aligners in the management of mandibular incisor crowding.

METHODS:

Seventy-two participants were arbitrarily alienated into two groups with 36 samples in each. Group I participants were treated with NiTi arch wires and group II participants with clear aligners. Malocclusion was evaluated using Little's irregularity index. A questionnaire was applied to record the discomfort levels. Patients were recalled regularly at four weeks, eight weeks, and twelve weeks.

RESULTS:

At baseline, the mean score was 2.91 mm and 2.72 mm; at 4 weeks, it was 1.64 mm and1.48 mm; at 8 weeks, it was 0.98 mm and1.0 mm; and at 12 weeks, it was 0.68 mm and 0.52 mm in groups I and II, respectively. The mean change in Little's irregularity index score at 4 weeks was 1.27 mm and 1.24 mm; at 8 weeks, it was 0.66 mm and 0.48 mm; and at 12 weeks, it was 0.30 mm and 0.48 mm in groups I and II, respectively. The disparity was not-considerable (p > 0.05). The mean discomfort score at baseline was 2.8 and 2.5; at 4 weeks, it was 2.4 and 2.0; at 8 weeks, it was 1.8 and 1.4; and at 12 weeks, it was 1.3 and 1.0 for groups I and II correspondingly. The disparity was non-significant (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

From the present study, it was found that both NiTi wires and clear aligners were equally effective in managing mandibular anterior crowding cases.
SOFT syndrome with Kohlschutter–Tonz syndrome
Authors: Mondkar SA , Khadilkar V , Kasegaonkar P , Khadilkar A
Published: September 2023

We report a 2.2 year-old-boy, born of consanguineous marriage, referred for short stature, with history of neonatal death and skeletal deformities in his older sibling. Rhizo-mesomelic dwarfism was detected antenatally. Within 24 hours of birth, he developed multiple seizures. Examination revealed severe short stature, dolichocephaly, broad forehead, deep set eyes, low set ears, bulbous nose, small, irregular teeth, pointed chin, and triangular facies. He had rhizomelic shortening, stubby fingers, pes planus, and scanty hair. Neurological evaluation revealed ataxia, hypotonia, and global developmental delay. Skeletal survey radiograph revealed shallow acetabuli, short femurs and humerus, short, broad metacarpals and short cone-shaped phalanges with cupping of phalangeal bases. Clinical exome analysis revealed homozygous mutations involving the POC1A gene and the SLC13A5 gene responsible for SOFT syndrome and Kohlschutter-Tonz syndrome respectively, which were inherited from the parents. Both these syndromes are extremely rare, and their co-occurrence is being reported for the first time.
Femtosecond laser-assisted corneal transplantation
Authors: Liu Chang , Mehta Jodhbir S. , Liu Yu-Chi
Published: September 2023

Corneal transplantation is the only surgical option to improve symptoms and vision in patients with severe corneal opacification. With the evolution and development of keratoplasty techniques, corneal surgeons can perform customized keratoplasty, with complex graft–host junctions to promote wound healing and accelerate visual rehabilitation. Femtosecond laser (FSL) enable customization of the thickness and shape of the graft has been used for trephination of both donor and recipient corneas and for creating special wound configurations. In this review, we have summarized the intraoperative application and postoperative outcomes of FSL-assisted keratoplasties, including penetrating keratoplasty, anterior lamellar keratoplasty (ALK), deep ALK, Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (EK), and Descemet membrane EK. Although FSL allows for the customization and precision in keratoplasty, several concerns, such as cost-effectiveness, limit its wider clinical adoption. Hence, more work is required to weigh the advantages and limitations of the FSL applications in corneal transplantation.
Determination of copro-prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus and associated factors in domestic dogs: a household cross-sectional study in Huancarama, Peru
Authors: Valderrama Pomé Aldo Alim , Mamani Puma Graciela , Uzuriaga Fuentes Falcón Julián
Published: September 2023

Echinococcosis is an important disease with regard to public health and the leading role that humans have in fulfilling the transmission cycle. The objective of this study was to determine the copro-prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus in dogs from homes in Huancarama, Peru, and the factors associated with this infection. The research was basic, prospective, quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, and analytical. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee for the Use of Animals (CIEA) and the Institutional Research Ethics Committee (CIEI) of the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. The sample comprised of 519 homes. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to develop layers of information on the study area with georeferencing of the locations of these homes. Information processing was performed using Excel for Windows 2010, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS 25 software, and ArcGIS 10.8. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests were performed to determine the possible associations. Categorical variables were statistically contrasted using the chi-square test with 95% confidence intervals and P ? 0.05, which indicated the extreme degree of significance. It was found that 94.4% of the houses had dogs and that the prevalence of E. granulosus was 27.7% (95/343; 95% CI 22.8-32.6). The distance from the house to the cattle slaughterhouse was associated with disease occurrence (P < 0.01). Locations in the Suni altitude zone presented a higher prevalence (41.8%) (P < 0.05). Lack of knowledge that humans can contract echinococcosis was associated with disease occurrence (P < 0.05).
О квазилинеаризуемости гиперболических систем Монжа-Ампера
Authors: Tunitsky Dmitry Vasilievich
Published: September 2023

Работа посвящена установлению необходимых и достаточных условий локальной квазилинеаризуемости невырожденных гиперболических систем Монжа-Ампера.
Критерий существования энергетической функции у регулярного гомеоморфизма 3-сферы
Authors: Barinova Marina Konstantinovna , Grines Vyacheslav Zigmuntovich , Pochinka Olga Vital'evna
Published: September 2023

Фундаментальная теорема теории динамических систем, доказанная Ч. Конли, устанавливает факт существования непрерывной функции Ляпунова для любой динамической системы, в том числе и не гладкой (т.е. для непрерывного потока или дискретной динамической системы, порожденной гомеоморфизмом). Функция Ляпунова строго убывает вдоль траекторий динамической системы вне цепно рекуррентного множества и является константой на цепной компоненте. Наиболее тесную связь с динамикой имеет энергетическая функция - функция Ляпунова, множество критических точек которой совпадает с цепно рекуррентным множеством динамической системы. Известно, что не все динамические системы обладают энергетической функцией. В частности, согласно Д. Пикстону даже структурно устойчивые диффеоморфизмы с неблуждающим множеством, состоящим из четырех неподвижных точек, могут не иметь гладкой энергетической функции. Основным результатом работы является доказательство критерия существования непрерывной энергетической функции Морса для регулярных гомеоморфизмов $3$-сферы, согласно которому существование такой функции равносильно асимптотической тривиальности одномерных седловых многообразий. Полученный критерий обобщает результаты В.З. Гринеса, Ф. Лауденбаха, О.В. Починки для $3$-диффеоморфизмов Морса-Смейла в случае, когда несущее многообразие является трехмерной сферой. Из полученного критерия следует, в частности, что примеры Пикстона не обладают и непрерывной энергетической функцией.
Сплайны высокого порядка на римановых многообразиях
Authors: Camarinha Margarida , Silva Leite Fátima , Crouch Peter Edward
Published: September 2023

Статья представляет собой обзор работ авторов по обобщенным полиномиальным кривым и сплайнам на римановых многообразиях. Особое внимание уделяется вариационному подходу, приводящему к таким кривым, и гамильтоновой формулировке в кубическом случае.
Experimentally Validated Neural Networks for Sensors Redundancy
Purposes in Spark Ignition Engines
Authors: Fornaro Enrico , Cardone Massimo , Terzo Mario , Strano Salvatore , Tordela Ciro
Published: September 2023

In the aeronautical field, aircraft reliability is strictly dependent on
propulsion systems. Indeed, a reliable propulsion system ensures the safety of
pilots and passengers and the possibility of making comfortable flights.
Typically, on aircraft equipped with spark ignition (SI) engines, one of the
principal requirements to make them reliable is the correct balancing between
the intake air mass and fuel flows. Advances in the implementation of
sophisticated control and estimation strategies on SI engines allow realizing
engines with improved features in terms of performance, reducing pollution
emissions, and fuel consumption. Approaches based on sensor redundancy are
applied to improve the reliability in measurements of the manifold air pressure
(MAP) and flow (MAF) to avoid issues related to possible faults of sensors vital
for the correct functioning of SI engines. Model-based estimation techniques,
based on the speed–density and alpha-speed methods for determining the MAF in
engine control units, are employed to obtain sensor-less redundancy. The
prediction of MAP and MAF, for sensors redundancy purposes, can be made through
neural networks, allowing the avoidance of effects due to unmodeled dynamical
behaviors. A sensor redundancy approach based on feedforward neural networks
(FNNs) is proposed in this work for MAP and MAF prediction of a SI engine. The
present work focuses on the possibility of estimating the physical quantities
related to SI engines, such as the MAP and the MAF, fundamental for their
monitoring using neural networks trained by means of a model-based approach
avoiding expensive experimental tests for producing training data. A well-known
intake manifold dynamical model (IMDM), parametrized based on the CMD 22
aeronautical engine, is employed for generating synthetic training data in
steady-state conditions functional for making the chosen FNNs able to predict
both MAP and MAF even in transient behavior.

The MAP and MAF are predicted through two virtual sensors based on two
independent FNNs, having the same inputs, constituted by the engine speed and
the throttle angle. An experimental investigation based on an aircraft endurance
test of two hours proposed by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has
been made on a controlled and monitored CMD 22 engine for comparing the
experimentally measured MAP and MAF with the predicted ones by the FNNs. The
results demonstrate the suitability of the proposed approach for sensor
redundancy purposes in SI engines to increase their reliability.
Humanism, Post-Humanism and Transhumanism in the Transcultural Context of Europe and Asia
Authors: Rošker Jana S.
Published: September 2023

This issue of Asian Studies delves into the challenges inherent to humanity and the human condition. Over the course of centuries, these challenges have laid the groundwork for conceptual frameworks commonly referred to as humanism, which have undergone development within a multitude of cultural contexts. Numerous analyses and critiques of these frameworks can be found in many papers contained in this issue, especially regarding the dynamics between humans and non-humans. These discussions have arisen from various regions around the globe, often labeled as post-humanism and transhumanism, among others.
Analysis of Learner's Response to Process Automation Class Design Using Web Content and Python Library
Authors: Hong Heekyung
Published: September 2023

The spread of artificial intelligence along with the Fourth Industrial Revolution is bringing about changes in future occupations. Therefore, AI education is emerging as an essential subject in universities, and curriculums are being designed and researched through various approaches. This study introduces a case involving process automation classes that can be applied to university SW and AI liberal arts education by utilizing various learning resources of web content that are encountered in daily life. At a time when artificial intelligence education is emerging as important, the AI pre-processing process is also important. Thus, procedural and experiential learning that can select the tools necessary to collect, process, and analyze appropriate data for problem solving is also important. Therefore, in designing the SW⋅AI liberal arts curriculum, it is meaningful in various aspects to design an education that quickly collects and processes life-linked data based on web content by combining the highly utilized Python library and RPA concept. Through related research, cases where process automation implementation learning can be designed and applied, areas of interest among learners regarding classification were derived through learner responses. Furthermore, web content designed through qualitative responses were shown to be excellent practical resources for process automation learning. In the designed learning of classification, interest in ‘data collection using data crawling and scraping’ ranked the highest, followed by ‘open API integration and utilization’. Based on the research results, improvement points and implications are derived, and research in various directions is suggested in order for us to develop this course into a basic subject of artificial intelligence education in the future.
Історичні особливості таджицького соціуму радянського періоду
Authors: Бульвінський А.Г.
Published: September 2023

У статті здійснено аналіз особливостей таджицького соціуму радянського періоду. Сучасна таджицька ідентичність почала формуватися лише на початку XX ст. із виходом у 1912 р. першої таджицької газети «Бухорои шариф» («Священна Бухара»). До особливостей таджицького соціуму радянського періоду ми віднесли відсутність досвіду незалежного державного існування; низький рівень національної самосвідомості населення, адже таджицька ідентичність відокремилась від загальномусульманської та загальноперської лише у 1920-х рр.; вдячність радянській владі за відродження таджицької державності спочатку у форматі таджицької національної автономії, а з 1929 р. – Таджицької РСР; фактична відсутність досвіду життя народу при капіталістичному ладі; політичним носієм таджицької національної самосвідомості стала Компартія Таджикистану в особі національної партійної еліти, яка й конструювали нову таджицьку ідентичність; поступове набуття російською мовою статусу мови міжнаціонального спілкування у Таджикистані та заміна таджицько-узбецької двомовності таджиків таджицько-російською; підпорядкування таджицької культури радянській імперській культурі що з часом виховало у таджицькому соціумі компліментарне ставлення до СРСР і Росії загалом та щиру політичну лояльність щодо них; розширення багатонаціональності та соціально-професійної сегментції таджицького соціуму при якій корінне населення переважно було зайняте в сільському господарстві, торгівлі, культурі та освіті, а приїжджі зайняли провідні позиції у промисловості, конструкторських бюро, наукових установах; складна географічна конфігурація держави, нерозвинутість державних та економічних структур країни стали причиною територіальної відособленості та роз’єднаності таджицького суспільства, а також формування регіональних кланів – ходжентського, кулябського, гармського та памірського.
Проблеми та перспективи розвитку Республіки Казахстан у сучасних умовах
Authors: Деменко О.Ф.
Published: September 2023

У статті проаналізовано особливості внутрішньої та зовнішньої політики Республіки Казахстан у сучасних умовах. Встановлено наявність складних проблем у політичному і соціально-економічному розвитку Казахстану та ускладнення геополітичної ситуації як довкола цієї країни, так і в центральноазійському регіоні загалом. З’ясовано, що президент    К.-Ж. Токаєв з метою зміцнення своїх позицій здійснює перезавантаження влади шляхом внесення змін до Конституції, проведення дострокових президентських і парламентських виборів та оновлення місцевих адміністрацій. У результаті в країні завершився процес транзиту влади, а перший президент Н. Назарбаєв втратив свій статус та вплив на політичні процеси. Встановлено, що обіцянки К.-Ж. Токаєва реалізувати програму соціально-економічних реформ, знизити корупцію, провести децентралізацію влади та відкрити громадянам більше можливостей для участі у політиці залишаються нереалізованими.

Реагуючи на війну Росії проти Україні та події січня 2022 р., Казахстан оновив воєнну доктрину, у якій відтепер зроблено наголос на необхідності посилення захисту кордонів та протидії внутрішнім загрозам. У зовнішній політиці Казахстан продовжує декларувати багатовекторність і прагматизм, дотримуючись політики нейтралітету і запобігаючи власному залученню у міжнародні конфлікти. Астана прагне до пошуку нових партнерів та поглиблення вже існуючих зв’язків з іншими державами. Водночас у казахстанському суспільстві наростають сумніви щодо доцільності привілейованого становища Росії у зовнішній політиці Казахстану, з огляду на усвідомлення загроз, які надходять з боку цієї агресивної та непередбачуваної країни.
SEAWEED CULTURE, POST-HARVEST PROCESSING, AND MARKET GENERATION FOR EMPLOYMENT OF COASTAL POOR COMMUNITIES IN COX'S BAZAR
Authors: FARHADUZZAMAN Asrafi , KHAN Suzan , HASAN Mohammad , ISLAM Rashedul , OSMAN Mahadi Hasan , SHOVON Neamul Hasan , HAIDER Sayeed Mahmood Belal , KUNDA Mrityunjoy , ISLAM Tarikul , BHUYAN Simul
Published: September 2023

Seaweed farming is one of the aquaculture industries with the greatest growth rate worldwide, with an annual production of over 33 billion tonnes, and a value of USD$11.8 billion which is predicted to treble by 2024. The current study was conducted in the Bakkhali River estuary and set out to survey the seaweed cultivation, processing, marketing status of the seaweed farmers and evaluate its financial benefits. Gracilaria lemaneiformis and Ulva intestinalis were cultured using the rope methods. The yield of G. lemaneiformis and U. intestinalis was good (Ten 15 m long ropes were used in each of the 45 plots, produced 7770 kg of G. lemaneiformis in the first 15 days while using ten 15 m long ropes were in each of the plots of U. intestinalis produced 2300 kg). Water parameters viz. temperature, salinity, pH, DO and transparency were checked every 15 days. According to previous literature, winter was determined to be the most productive time for seaweed development in Bangladesh. Seaweed was processed by the sun drying method and sold to retail clients, neighborhood shops and markets, and representatives in Cox's Bazar, Bandarban, Rangamati and Khagrachari district, where G. lemaneiformis attracting the higher price. The income of seaweed farmers has increased more than in the previous years to maintain their family. Most of the farmers used raw seaweed as traditional medicine for the treatment of gastric problem (80%), diabetes (5%), blood pressure (3%) and cancer (2%). They also used seaweed as an additive with other vegetables, mutton and chicken. Education for coastal people is very difficult, but after cultivating seaweed, about 60% of farmers can afford their children's education cost and about 85% of the households had electric fans, while the majority had mobile phones. The cost-benefit analysis demonstrated that seaweed cultivation is highly profitable.
PARASITOSIS INTESTINAL Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL EN PERSONAS DE LA TERCERA EDAD.
Authors: Cando Verónica , Villarreal Adriana , Escobar Sandra , Paguay Tatiana , Donoso Andrea
Published: September 2023

Las infecciones por parásitos intestinales disponen un importante problema de salud, lo cual puede producir cuadros de desnutrición con graves derivaciones en el estado de salud a personas de la tercera edad. Se pretendió determinar parasitosis intestinal y su relación con el estado nutricional en personas de la tercera edad. Para este proceso se receptó muestras de heces y se realizó extracción sanguínea, mismas que fueron procesadas y tabuladas respectivamente. La presencia de parasitosis fue de 54%, el 28% presenta Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica 15% y 5% Endolimax nana. Los principales factores de riesgo asociados fueron los factores socio culturales como farmacológicos y de salud influyendo para identificar si la población se encuentra o no parasitada. Con el estudio del estado nutricional de acuerdo al Índice de masa corporal se evidenció que el 45% tienen un peso normal, sobrepeso con el 39%, obesidad tipo I 10%. De acuerdo al análisis estadístico realizado para determinar la correlación entre estado nutricional y parasitosis, se llegó a la conclusión que no existe relación significativa entre las variables como hemoglobina, glucosa, albúmina y fosfatasa alcalina frente a la parasitosis intestinal.
Nexus Between Public Debt Servicing and Social and Community Sector Spending in Nigeria
Authors: Gurowa Sani Usman , Mohammed Shamaki , Maroof Mohammed Ola
Published: September 2023

Nigeria with budgetary and balance-of-payments gaps to meet, maintaining large stakes of public debt have to set aside a sizeable fraction of their scarce resources to service their debt, which naturally affects their development spending in general and allocations for the social and community sector in particular. This study evaluates the nexus between public debt servicing and social and community sector spending in Nigeria. The panel dataset includes public debt servicing and public spending on social and community sector, it spans the period 2015–2022. Our empirical analysis is based on three interrelated equations for different spending categories, which are estimated using the general method of moments. The study’s results confirm the common wisdom that outstanding public debt and its servicing liability have an adverse impact on public spending, particularly on social and community sector spending. This suggests that Nigeria need to mobilize their own resources and minimize their dependence on borrowing as far as possible.
The Nexus between Human Capital Investment and Firm Growth of Selected Non-Financial Firms in Nigeria
Authors: MUSTAFA Murtala Oladimeji Abioye , STELLA Uwazuluonye Audu
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the nexus between human capital investment and firm growth of selected ICT and services firms in Nigeria. Based on judgemental sampling, secondary data were employed. Panel data regression model was used to examine Return on Assets (ROA), Human Capital Efficiency (HCE), Employee Growth (EG) and Staff Cost (SC)on firm growth. The findings show that there is a negative and significant relationship between human capital efficiency and firm growth. It also, reveals a positive and significant relationship between employee growth and firm growth. There is, however, a negative and insignificant relationship between return on asset, staff cost and firm growth. The findings should be helpful to board members, managers, investors and regulators. The study recommends that selected non-financial firms should invest on human capital efficiency and employee growth through strategic training and retraining to enhance, initiate and sustain firm growth. To ensure adequate return on human capital investment, ICT and services firms should bond their staff to curtail rapid turnover of highly skilled staff.
ANÁLISE SITUACIONAL SOBRE TRABALHO E EMPREGO EM MOÇAMBIQUE, NA CIDADE DE MAPUTO
Authors: Jeque Anisio Jorge
Published: September 2023

No presente estudo procurou-se fazer o diagnóstico situacional sobre o trabalho e emprego em Moçambique e cidade de Maputo, permitiu-se identificar as diferentes práticas e discursos desenvolvidos envolta da situação do trabalho e emprego nas diversas atividades de empregabilidade,  a pesquisa baseou-se na perspetiva teórica de interacionismo simbólico defendida por Margaret Mead (1973) que tem como objetivo analisar a forma, o nível de interação e as motivações dos jovens em optar pelo comércio informal, o não acompanhamento na dinâmica do sector formal, o aumento da força de trabalho, possibilitando perceber que os jovens partilham discursos e práticas no quotidiano que são motivados pelo desemprego e a consequente falta de opções. A abordagem metodológica do presente estudo é tomando em consideração aquilo que são as inquietações sociais e atitudes em relação ao trabalho e emprego na cidade de Maputo, com vista a despertar o sector formal a dar solução de emprego a jovens.
USO DE METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS PARA MELHORAR O APRENDIZADO DA MATEMÁTICA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL I – CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA ESCOLA PÚBLICA EM CAREIRO-AM
Authors: Moreira Nogueira Karen , Moreira Alves Ediel , Nascimento de Andrade Lusandra , Da Silva Simões Naison , Cardoso de Menezes Cássia , Fernandes Brasil Sueli , Sergio de Oliveira Barbosa Luiz , Conrado de Souza Ivone
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho tem por finalidade auxiliar docentes e discentes no que se refere ao uso de Metodologias Ativas para o melhoramento do aprendizado da matemática para alunos de uma escola pública do interior do Amazonas. Através de observações, constatou-se grande defasagem no conhecimento da matemática, principalmente no período pós pandemia, onde vários fatores contribuíram para que o ensino aprendizagem fosse prejudicado, fazendo-se necessário um olhar mais profundo para a problemática. Com uma visão voltada para o caso e na proposição de soluções, o presente projeto propõe o uso das metodologias ativas que tendem a ampliar os conhecimentos matemáticos através do uso da gamificação, de plataformas digitais e de aplicativos como ferramentas pedagógicas que possam gerar um melhor aprendizado aos alunos nesse componente curricular com ênfase nas quatro operações (soma, subtração, multiplicação e divisão), que são a base da matemática. A proposta em questão foi construída para os alunos do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental I, que, após experienciar o estágio em uma Escola Pública nesse nível de ensino, no município de Careiro-AM, detectou-se as dificuldades dos alunos e a necessidade de desenvolver nos alunos um novo ponto de vista em relação à matemática, vendo-a não só como um componente curricular, mas como algo que faz parte de suas vidas  e que, através de ambientes digitais, aplicativos e jogos voltados para matemática, auxilie no processo cognitivo em expansão e assim corroborar no processo de ensino aprendizagem da matemática despertando no discente o prazer de aprender.
ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO EM COMPUTAÇÃO NO ENSINO MÉDIO: UTILIZANDO O VISUAL-G COMO FERRAMENTA PRÁTICA DE PROGRAMAÇÃO
Authors: Gomes dos Santos Jaison , De Oliveira Barbosa Luiz Sérgio , Conrado de Souza Ivone
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho é um relato de experiências vivenciadas durante o Estágio Supervisionado em Computação II, realizado na Escola Estadual Thomé Ferreira Santiago, na modalidade de Ensino Médio. O Estágio Supervisionado faz parte do Curso de Licenciatura em Computação do Núcleo de Ensino Superior de Careiro Castanho - (NESCAC), da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas-UEA. Durante as atividades práticas foram coletadas as informações no caderno de campo dos acadêmicos, referentes às experiências vivenciadas durante as 3 etapas que compõem os procedimentos metodológicos, sendo a primeira etapa de observação, seguida da etapa de coparticipação. Tal experiência foi importante para conhecer a escola, a gestora, os docentes, os funcionários e os alunos, além de vivenciar a realidade em sala de aula, para conhecer o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, o perfil dos alunos, a metodologia de ensino, buscando identificar problemas para a serem solucionados na etapa de regência. O público-alvo que despertou interesse para a elaboração do plano de aula de regência foi a turma do 2º ano 2, e aplicado na disciplina de Matemática, com o auxílio do professor. O objetivo da aula foi explorar os conceitos e as práticas de programação utilizando Visual-G, despertando a capacidade de concentração, a habilidade de trabalhar em equipe, interpretação e resolução de problemas. A utilização do software visual-G para ensinar programação básica reforça a  necessidade de buscar alternativas viáveis para combater o desinteresse dos alunos e tornar as aulas mais participativas.
State Wide Self-Assessment of General Program Standards for Agricultural Education
Authors: Sands Kelsey R. , Sacquitne Adam D. , Smalley Scott W. , Retallick Michael S.
Published: September 2023

A quality program is the ultimate goal for many secondary agricultural education programs. To ensure quality agricultural education programs, standards were established to measure the extent agricultural education programs in Iowa were implementing standards. Utilizing Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior, researchers incorporated the Iowa Council on Agricultural Education standards as an evaluation tool. A census study was conducted in Iowa with high school agricultural education teachers (N = 255) to better understand the extent that standards outlined by the Iowa Council on Agricultural Education were being met in agricultural education programs. In the general program standard area, improvement is needed in the areas of utilization of stakeholders, program planning, and administration communication. The FFA standard area only had one standard not being met or exceeded while Supervised Agricultural Experience (SAE) standard area had all standards indicated being met or exceeded.
Timing of decongestion and its impact on acute heart failure prognosis
Authors: Kosiorek Aneta , Tokarczyk Wojciech , Szymański Oskar , Biegus Jan , Zymliński Robert
Published: September 2023

Introduction

The risk of unfavourable outcomes after an acute heart failure (AHF) episode remains high. Effective decongestion, reflected by haemoconcentration (HC), may guide therapy. Optimal timing of HC remains unspecified.

Methods

We analysed the AHF registry to evaluate the prognostic differences of various timing of HC. Subjects were divided into 3 groups by time of reaching HC.

Results

The groups differed in terms of 1-year occurrence of a composite of the mortality and AHF hospitalization (26% vs. 46% vs. 40%, early vs. late vs. no HC, p = 0.016).

Conclusions

Patients reaching HC earlier seem to present the best prognosis regarding the analysed composite endpoint.
Kompetensi Guru Meningkat melalui Supervisi Klinis Kolaboratif dalam Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inquiry Learning
Authors: Suharsih Suharsih
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah supervisi klinis kolaboratif dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru di SD Negeri 5 Wates. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan sekolah. Pelaksanaannya dilakukan dalam 2 (dua) siklus yang masing-masing terdiri dari 4 (empat) kegiatan, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengawasan, dan refleksi. Tiga orang guru dipilih sebagai subjek penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan perbandingan, dibantu oleh seorang kolaborator untuk menilai efektivitas kegiatan penelitian. Alat yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi guru yang meliputi kemampuan menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan model Inquiry Learning. Hasil olah data menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi guru dalam menyusun RPP mengalami peningkatan  nilai rerata dari 72 menjadi 74, lalu 76. Pada Siklus II menjadi 83. Kemampuan Guru melaksanakan proses pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan nilai rerata dari 70, naik menjadi 73, naik lagi menjadi 77, dan pada Siklus II menjadi 84. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa supervisi klinis kolaboratif dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menerapkan model Inquiry Learning di SD Negeri 5 Wates dan dapat ditentukan bagaimana supervisi klinis kolaboratif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru di SD Negeri 5 Wates.
Kreativitas Guru dalam Mengembangkan Media Berbasis Digital pada Fiqih Kurikulum Merdeka di MI
Authors: Rahmatika Adelya Widyana , Nadlir Nadlir
Published: September 2023

Proses pembelajaran yang baik membutuhkan aspek interaktif, menantang, positif, serta memberi kesempatan dalam mengembangkan kreativitas sesuai dengan bakat dan minat pada setiap peserta didik. Oleh sebab itu, kreativitas guru dituntut dalam membuat atau memanfaatkan media berbasis teknologi. Media digital yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh guru untuk media pembelajaran sangat banyak. Apalagi dengan implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka guru dituntut untuk mengikuti perkembangan zaman yaitu dengan menerapkan teknologi digital sebagai media pembelajaran. Tujuan penulisan ini guna mendeskripsikan kreativitas guru dalam mengembangkan media berbasis digital. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Subjek pada penelitian yaitu guru mata pelajaran fiqih di MI Unggulan NU Lamongan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan bersumber dokumen perangkat pembelajaran, wawancara, dan observasi. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif dengan klasifikasi, reduksi data dan ditarik kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada kurikulum merdeka banyak menggunakan media digital sebagai media interaktif dan sebagai bentuk kreativitas guru dalam penerapan teknologi. Adapun media digital yang diterapkan oleh guru di kelas, antara lain: pemanfaatan Google Classroom sebagai ruang kelas online, pemanfaatan aplikasi Kahoot sebagai kuis atau latihan soal dan pemanfaatan aplikasi Quizizz sebagai penilaian harian. Selain itu guru juga memanfaatkan teknologi yang lain seperti Powerpoint sebagai media pembelajaran di kelas untuk menjelaskan materi, menampilkan video dan animasi digital dan perpustakaan digital yang berkaitan dengan materi ajar.
Analisis Sikap Toleransi Melalui Budaya Sekolah di SD 1 Bakalan Krapyak
Authors: Muqtafia Afi Choirina , Fardani Much Arsyad , Ermawati Diana
Published: September 2023

Saat ini, banyak penyimpangan yang terjadi pada siswa, misalnya kejahatan terhadap teman, bullying, dan lain-lain. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan kenyataan di SD 1 Bakalan Krapyak bahwa beberapa siswa masih ada yang mengejek teman, bullying, dan lain-lain. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena siswa belum mengerti pentingnya sikap toleransi. Toleransi merupakan sikap yang saling menghargai serta menghormati perbedaan untuk menciptakan kehidupan yang harmonis. Sikap toleransi dapat diterapkan dimanapun pada lingkungan keluarga sekolah, dan masyarakat. Sikap toleransi dapat diterapkan dilingkungan sekolah salah satunya melalui budaya sekolah. Budaya sekolah adalah kebiasaan yang sering dilakukan warga sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menceritakan sikap toleransi melalui budaya sekolah SD 1 Bakalan Krapyak. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berorientasi naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa toleransi melalui budaya sekolah SD 1 Bakalan Krapyak sudah berjalan dengan baik melalui beberapa kegiatan yaitu kegiatan religius, kegiatan pembiasaan hidup bersih, kegiatan keakraban, kegiatan nasionalis, kegiatan literasi dan ekstrakurikuler.
Dynamics of Nitrate- Nitrogen of Poultry and Sheep Manures Amended Degraded Ultisols in Ihiagwa, Southeastern, Nigeria.
Authors: Adewunmi Saka Habeebah , Ugochukwu Uzoho Bethel , Mildred Ahukaemere Chioma , Nnamdi Nkwopara Ugochukwu
Published: September 2023

Nitrogen is the most important nutrient element whose deficiencies have been widely reported and constitute crop most limiting factors in the tropics. This experiment was a 3 × 3 factorial arranged in randomized complete block design, replicated three times. The rates equivalent of 0, 30 and 60 % N of both poultry and sheep manures were incorporated. Nitrate- nitrogen (NO3–– N) was determined from four soil depths (0 – 5, 5 – 10, 10 – 20 and 20 – 40 cm) at different weeks (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks) after manures application (WAMA) in early and late seasons of 2019 and 2020. Soil NO3–– N was different with poultry and sheep manures rates only and the interaction of both manures at various soil depths, seasons and years. Concentrations of NO3–– N in most soil depths at both seasons and years were better with 30 % then 60 % N of poultry and sheep manures alone and with interactions of both manures (P30S60) better than single incorporation. Averaged over soil depths and seasons after manure applications, the soil NO3–– N was higher in late than early seasons and in 2020 than 2019. The result showed that NO3–– N decreased with increase in soil depth. Averaged over soil depths, manure rates, seasons and years, concentrations of NO3–– N varied and better at 12th week after manure application for 2019, but first week in 2020. Consequently, this research revealed that addition of poultry and sheep manures improved soil NO3–– N than the control with integration better than single dose. Further study is recommended to illuminate this fact.
A successful falciparum malaria treatment with hemodiafiltration in an African patient
Authors: Koç Alparslan
Published: September 2023

Malaria is a serious infectious illness that has existed since ancient times. Despite its prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa, it remains a global public health issue. However, Plasmodium falciparum causes the most severe and fatal form of malaria, accounting for almost 80% of global mortality. Malarial acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by malaria can progress rapidly. An early initiation to renal replacement therapy is advised because AKI induced by malaria may worsen fast. This paper report a successful severe malaria therapy with hemodiafiltration in the ICU of an African student studying in Turkey. The patient, whose blurring of consciousness increased and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) decreased GCS=8, was admitted to the anesthesiology and reanimation ICU. The patient was treated for 3 days with malaria medications and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Malaria persists everywhere, especially among nonimmunized people. AKI is common in malaria patients. Patients with severe malaria should be examined for renal involvement, including electrolyte abnormalities and fluid overload. Supportive treatment is recommended for oliguric AKI. If feasible, CRRT may help these patients.