bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDI ANALISIS MODEL TARIKAN PERJALANAN PADA KAWASAN PASAR AUR KUNING KOTA BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Pratiwi JF Anggun , Yusnita Yessy , Rusady Gita
Published: July 2022

Sebagai pusat perdangan grosir terbesar di Pulau Sumatera menjadikan Pasar Aur Kuning banyak di kunjungi oleh masyarakat sehingga perlu memprediksi perjalanan dikawasan tersebut untuk mencegah terjadinya isu transportasi seperti kemacaetan, pakir dan kebutuhan akan transportasi umum. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik tarikan perjalanan pengunjung dikawasan Pasar Aur Kuning, mengetahui faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi tarikan perjalanan masyarakat ke Pasar Aur Kuning , dan menganalisis model tarikan perjalanan masyarakat pada kawasan pusat perbelanjaan Pasar Aur Kuning. Pemodelan tarikan perjalanan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda. Dari hasil analisis Karakteristik perjalanan yang melewati kawasan Pasar Aur Kuning, ditemukan bahwa Jumlah Pendapatan Keluarga (X1) adalah Rp. 1.000.000 – 3.000.000 (30,75%), Tujuan ke Pasar Aur Kuning (X2) adalah Berbelanja (58,75%),  Jarak rumah ke Pasar Aur Kuning Bukittinggi (X3) tertinggi yaitu <15 km (42%), Waktu Perjalanan (X4) tertinggi adalah >30 menit 40,5%, Moda Transportasi (X5) adalah Kendaraan Umum (50%), Harga Barang (X6) paling banyak dipilih adalah murah (51,8%), Kelengkapan barang (X7) paling banyak adalah lengkap (47%), Luas Lahan Parkir (X8) paling banyak memilih adalah sempit (45,3%), Kenyamanan (X9) paling banyak dipilih adalah Nyaman (49,25) dan Kebersihan (X10) paling banyak dipilih adalah Bersih (66%). Faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi tarikan perjalanan (Y) yaitu dipengaruhi oleh waktu perjalanan (X4), harga barang (X6), kelengkapan barang (X7) dan luas lahan parkir (X8), ditemukan memiliki korelasi dengan Tarikan Perjalanan. Hasil uji regresi linear berganda didapatkan model terbaik berupa : Y = 0,057 + 0,118X4 + 0,019X6 + 0,025X7 + 0,012X8.
PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) DILAKUKAN DENGAN TAHAP ESTERIFIKASI DAN TRANSESTERIFIKASI
Authors: Saleh Nurmeizon
Published: July 2022

Minyak nabati yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif diesel dengan perkebunan yang luas dan produksi yang besar di Indonesia saat ini adalah sawit dengan memproduksi Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Crude Palm Oil (CPO) digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tahap esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi, katalis yang digunakan pada tahap esterifikasi adalah H2SO4 (pa) sebanyak 1% (b/b) dan metanol sebanyak 15% (b/b), dan katalis KOH (pa) sebanyak 1 % (b/b) pada tahap transesterifikasi.
STUDI PENGARUH DESAIN 9 MEDAN FLUKS TERHADAP EFISIENSI DAN FAKTOR DAYA MOTOR INDUKSI 3-FASA
Authors: Bachtiar Antonov , Anthony Zuriman , Anugrah Anggun , Bandri Sepannur , Yudha Sandy Tama Okvan
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini mengkaji atau mempelajari pengaruh pengembangan desain 9 medan fluks dari motor induksi 3-fasa dimana motor induksi ini disuplay dengan tegangan 3-fasa. Agar motor induksi ini menghasilkan 9 medan fluks sama seperti motor induksi 9-fasa, maka rangkaian kumparan pada motor dibuat sedemikian rupa dengan menambahkan rangkaian kapasitor pada 3 buah kumparan. Lapisan 1 ada 3 kumparan dan lapisan 2 ada 3 kumparan, dibuat dengan membalik arah fluks sehingga medan berbalik dan pada 3 kumparan lapisan ke 2 tidak ada modifikasi, dan diharapkan akan menghasilkan motor induksi 3-fasa yang bekerja dengan 9 medan magnet seperti halnya motor induksi 9-fasa. Kajian pada Penelitian ini difokuskan pada faktor daya dan efisiensi motor induksi 3-fasa. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh dengan menguji langsung motor induksi 3-fasa dan motor desain 9 medan fluks dengan memvariasikan beban pada motor. Data yang diperlukan adalah arus, tegangan, faktor daya, kecepatan dan daya masukan. Pada pengujian motor induksi 3-fasa dan pengujian motor induksi desain 9 medan fluks pengujian tanpa beban di dapatkan arus sebesar 0.99A, 1A, 0.69A untuk motor induksi 3-fasa dan untuk motor desain 9 medan fluks di dapatkan arus sebesar 3,184A, 3,623A, 3,181A sedangkan untuk arus nominal motor induksi ini sebesar 2,5A. Untuk hasil dari pengolahan data efisiensi yang didapatkan pada motor induksi 3-fasa konvensional lebih tinggi dari pada efisiensi motor induksi desain 9 medan fluks. Kemudian hasil dari pengolahan data faktor daya juga didapatkan hasil efisiensi motor induksi 3-fasa konvensional lebih tinggi dari motor induksi desain 9 medan fluks.
PERENCANAAN GEOMETI JALAN REL KERETA API BUKITTINGGI-PAYAKUMBUH STA 94+675-STA 124+526
Authors: Syamsuir Elvi , Wahyuni Fatma Ira , Siska Sri Tria
Published: July 2022

West Sumatra Province is one of the provinces where the City and Regency have natural resources and many tourist objects. These cities and regencies have natural resources and tourist objects that have their respective advantages. Several cities from the many cities in West Sumatra that have a busy tourist attraction are the cities of Bukittinggi and Payakumbuh. In addition to having many tourist attractions, it also has abundant natural resources such as plantations, forestry, and industry. To visit and transport these resources, it must be supported by proper and adequate transportation facilities. Currently, the transportation used to transport goods and passengers uses roads, so it has the potential to cause problems both in terms of facilities and infrastructure and the emergence of congestion due to heavy traffic. Therefore, an alternative mode of transportation is needed to help reduce the burden of the highway, namely the mode of rail transportation for the smooth flow of distribution of goods and services, so it is felt that the Bukittinggi - Payakumbuh railway line is needed. This line is part of the route traversed by the Trans Sumatra Railway. This railway line is built or reactivated in order to reduce congestion that occurs at certain times. In the process of loading the Bukitinggi - Payakumbuh railway line, a methodology for collecting primary and secondary data, problem identification, literature study and analysis is needed. planning data in the form of design speed analysis, rail analysis and bearing analysis to be used. In this paper, the selection of the route, Geometric Planning, Railroad Construction Planning and at Km 15 is carried out. The selection of the route is based on the design speed of the train plan. Geometric planning using the Railways Management and Engineering method. Railroad construction refers to regulation PD-10 PJKA (1986). The results obtained from this paper are the planning of the railroad route as an alternative mode of transportation along ± 30 km from the City of Bukittinggi - Payakumbuh. So that it can be used as a comparison suggestion for the West Sumatra Provincial Government in building railroads in the future.
FUNGSI INFORMASI PRODUK DAN PENGETAHUAN PERAWATAN BAGI PEMAKAI LENSA KONTAK LUNAK DI OPTIK KOTA PADANG
Authors: Amir Amril , Yusfita Ermi , Saunir Ihsan
Published: July 2022

This study discusses the function of product information and care knowledge for users of soft contact lenses in optics, Padang Padang City. This study aims to determine: (1) Information obtained by users on products available at Optik Padang City. (2) How to use and care for good soft contact lenses for eye health at Optik Padang City. (3) The impact of wearing and maintaining soft contact lenses on eye health at Optik Padang City. (4) Handling of the use and maintenance of soft contact lenses at Optik Padang City using quantitative descriptive methods. By using descriptive quantitative method. The population in this study were all patients wearing soft contact lenses at Optik Padang City in the period 15 December 2021-15 January 2022. Data were collected through questionnaires and research instruments using a Check List. The results showed that the respondents did not fully know the correct and correct information on soft contact lens care products, as many as 33 respondents (72%) studied the correct information on the correct soft contact lens care procedures from the product information provided. In addition, 27 (60%) respondents know how to use and care for soft contact lenses that are good for eye health at Optik Padang City, while 34 respondents (76%) know about the impact of wearing and maintaining soft contact lenses that are not according to the standard and 31 respondents (69%) did not know how to handle the use of soft contact lenses.
KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA OPTIK DI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Wesnita Alvia , Elfia Mega , Amril Alwa Pascaselnofra
Published: July 2022

Satisfaction is the level of feeling after comparing perceived performance with expectations (Philip Kotler, 1997, 36). So a company must pay attention to the things that are considered important by customers so that their expectations are met. Quality of service is centered on efforts to fulfill customer needs, such as accuracy in inspection, conformity of product specifications and processing time provided according to order as well as friendly service from each personnel. The results of the study A total of 15 respondents (50%) are very satisfied and 15 respondents (50%) are satisfied with the effectiveness of the service and as many as 15 respondents (50%) are very satisfied and 15 respondents (50%) are satisfied with the efficiency of optical services in West Sumatra. Based on the results of this study, there are several suggestions that need to be submitted, namely: (1) Researchers must understand and be able to explain and be able to apply the implementation of service effectiveness and efficiency to customer satisfaction (2) Optical in order to implement the implementation of service effectiveness and efficiency on satisfaction customers, and an optical refraction check should be carried out by an Optimist Refractionist and (3) the public so that they can choose and make glasses with maximum service and results so that satisfaction is achieved.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ABU CANGKANG PENSI TERHADAP KUAT GESER TANAH LEMPUNG
Authors: Misbah Misbah , Martha Fiky
Published: July 2022

Land is a place that is usually used to build a foundation or building that supports all the loads of the structure or construction that stands on it, both building construction and road construction. If it is used for roads, it is important to check the soil so that the road construction that is built can last a long time. In some areas, the soil needs to be researched because the soil conditions in the area contain a lot of clay so it is necessary to check the shear strength of the soil. To increase the shear strength of the soil, it is necessary to conduct research using several methods, including using pensi shell ash as an additional material. The pencil material used is passed filter no. 200, with the percentage of pensi shell ash in the soil content of 0%, 6%, 8% and 10%. The tests carried out consisted of testing the physical properties and mechanical properties of the soil. Testing of the physical properties of the soil includes the sieve no. 200 test, the specific gravity (gs) test, the Atterberg limit test. Meanwhile, testing of mechanical properties includes soil density, optimum moisture content, cohesion and internal shear angle. The results showed that the addition of pensi shell ash to the original soil with a treatment period of 3 days, the addition of 6% pensi shell ash had a cohesion value (c) of 13.12 kN/m² and a shear angle of 5.46⁰, and for the addition of 8% pensi shell ash, the cohesion value (c) is 27.05 kN/m² and the shear angle is 1.66⁰ and for the addition of 10% pensi shell ash, the cohesion value (c) is 12.5 kN/m² and the shear angle is 8.66⁰. The highest value for shear strength was obtained at the addition of 10% pensi shell ash. Keywords: Clay, Pensi shell ash, inner shear angle.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMAKAIAN LENSA KONTAK LUNAK BAGI KENYAMANAN MATA DI OPTIK KOTA PADANG
Authors: Corina Febry , Amir Amril , Randi Peni Okto
Published: July 2022

This study discusses the effectiveness of the use of soft contact lenses for eye comfort in the optical city of Padang. This study aims to: (1) test the effectiveness of wearing and maintaining soft contact lenses for eye comfort. (2) Know how to use and care for soft contact lenses. This type of research is a quasi-experimental. The population in this study were all patients who used soft contact lenses during the study. Sampling in this study used a total sampling technique. Data was collected through a questionnaire, then the data was submitted in accordance with the theory proposed at the library meeting. The data is discussed with the effectiveness test through pre and post data.
PENGARUH PERUSAHAAN KELUARGA, PERUSAHAAN MULTINASIONAL DAN KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK DENGAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL KONTROL
Authors: Andriani Irma , Putri Nelly Prima
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh perusahaan keluarga, perusahaan multinasional dan komisaris independen  terhadap penghindaran pajak dengan nilai perusahaan sebagai variabel kontrol. Populasi pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2016-2020 dengan sampel sebanyak 59 perusahaan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda, alat analisis yang digunakan adalah E-Views 9.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) perusahaan keluarga tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak, 2) perusahaan multinasional berpengaruh negatif terhadap penghindaran pajak, 3) komisaris independen berpengaruh positif terhadap penghindaran pajak, 4) perusahaan keluarga dikontrol nilai perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak, 5) perusahaan multinasional dikontrol nilai perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak, 6) komisaris independen dikontrol nilai perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak.
MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE DI SDN 53 KAMPUNG JAMBAK, KOTA PADANG TAHUN 2021/2022 SERTA PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PEMBEAJARAN ONLINE
Authors: Hariyadi Hariyadi , Jalinus Nizwardi , Ridwan Ridwan , Wagino Wagino
Published: July 2022

: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana peran kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru pada proses pembelajaran online di SD Negeri 53 Kampung Jambak, Kota Padang . (2) Untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana kinerja guru di SD Negeri 53 Kampung Jambak, Kota Padang . (3) Untuk mendeskripsikan faktor penghambat peran kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru. (4) Untuk mendeskripsikansolusi dalam mengatasi hambatan yang terjadi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, display data, serta verifikasi dan penegasan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan: (1) Peran kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru pada proses pembelajaran secara online telahterlaksana dengan baik, meskipun ada beberapa hambatan. (2) Kinerja guru sudah menerapkan tiga indicatoryaitu kepribadian dan dedikasi, proses seperti pengembangan profesi, hasil seperti kemampuan mengajar. (3) Penghambat kurangnya keahlian guru dalam penggunaan media internet untuk pembelajaran online, peserta didik yang tidak memiliki android, dan kurangnya perhatian orangtua. 4. Solusinya guru wajib mengikuti pelatihan, pembinaan, sosialisasi terhadap wali murid dan kunjungan guru kerumah peserta didik.Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah, Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru, Pembelajaran Online.
Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran Sambungan Baru Perumda Air Minum Tirta Bening Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Utami Amidah Nur , - Suharnawi - , Kardianawati Acun
Published: July 2022

Air minum menjadi keperluan yang sangat penting bagi keberlangsungan kehidupan manusia, oleh sebab itu harus diolah dengan baik. Perusahaan Umum Milik Daerah (PERUMDA) merupakan badan usaha milik pemerintah dalam pengelolaan air minum, yang kemudian disalurkan ke masyarakat. Di provinsi Jawa Tengah sendiri Perumda tersebar di seluruh kota, salah satunya di Kabupaten Pati yaitu Perumda Air Minum Tirta Bening Kabupaten Pati. Banyak masyarakat belum menjadi pelanggan air minum yang ingin melakukan pemasangan sambungan baru di Perumda. Calon pelanggan haruslah melakukan beberapa prosedur pendaftaran ke kantor Perumda, sehingga akan memakan waktu yang cukup banyak. Untuk meminimalkan permasalahan dalam pendaftaran sambungan baru yang terbilang masih manual maka didapatkanlah suatu ide untuk membangun sistem yang terkomputerisasi. Sistem ini diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan website. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode waterfall. Dengan dibangunnya website pendaftaran sambungan baru pada Perumda Air Minum Tirta Bening Kabupaten Pati ini akan memperoleh manfaat yang besar, yaitu informasi mengenai tata cara atau prosedur pendaftran sambungan baru dapat dengan mudah di akses oleh pelanggan, dapat melakukan pendaftaran online. Dengan website calon pelanggan tidak perlu datang langsung ke kantor, serta memberikan kemudahan kepada petugas Perumda Air Minum Tirta Bening Kabupaten Pati dalam mengelola pendaftaran sambungan baru.
Sistem Pakar Penentu Profil Risiko Investasi
Authors: Wibisono Adam Mukti , Sari Betha Nurina
Published: July 2022

Investasi dapat didefinisikan sebagai penanaman sejumlah uang atau sumber daya lainnya pada masa sekarang dengan harapan pengembalian di masa yang akan datang. Dalam praktiknya, investasi sering dikaitkan dengan berbagai aktivitas yang berkaitan dengan menginvestasikan dana pada berbagai alternatif aset, baik berupa aset fisik seperti tanah, emas, properti, atau aset finansial, seperti berbagai bentuk surat. Seperti saham, obligasi atau reksa dana. Dengan banyaknya instrumen investasi yang ada sekarang masyarakat tentu kesulitan menentukan investasi mana yang cocok dengan profil risikonya. Pada penelitian ini akan mengembangkan sebuah sistem pakar untuk menentukan profil risiko investasi seseorang menggunakan metode forward chaining, metode ini dilaksanakan dengan mengumpulkan data atau fakta-fakta yang dibutuhkan terlebih dahulu lalu di definisikan aturan-aturannya, kemudian disimpulkan untuk memberikan solusi yang tepat. Dari hasil penelitian ini seseorang dapat mengetahui profil risiko nya dalam berinvestasi, mengetahui instrumen investasi apa yang cocok, alokasi dana yang tepat dan juga jangka waktu yang terbaik sesuai dengan profil risiko nya Kata kunci: investasi, profil risiko, forward chaining, sistem pakar
Virginia Woolf, Immanence and Ontological Pacifism
Authors: Braidotti Rosi
Published: July 2022

In these times of pandemics, increasing social inequalities, civic unrest and the rise of illiberalism, populism, anti-European Union politics and the ‘fake news’ ideology, it is important to revisit Woolf’s pacifism and anti-war and anti-fascist activism. Woolf’s writing offers a mode of understanding emotional economies of despair at this moment of the posthuman convergence and reworking these negative passions into the building blocks of a sustainable present and an affirmative future. Approaching Woolf from a feminist neo-vitalist position as a thinker of immanence, sexed matter, and affirmative ethics, she shows us how to embody the cracks or wounds of existence in ways accountable to our times.
The Mirrored Monster and Becoming-Wolf: Reflections on Desire in Woolf and Braidotti
Authors: Stobie Caitlin E.
Published: July 2022

Waves and water, the lens of a lighthouse, a lady’s looking-glass: reflecting surfaces abound in the writings of Virginia Woolf. These figurations, in turn, are repeated as a formative image, a reflective motif, in the theory of Rosi Braidotti. This article explores the material implications of both authors’ mirrors, arguing that they distort repronormative depictions of women as maternal figures. Particularly, I view the autopoietic theorization of desire in Braidotti’s oeuvre through the lens of Woolf’s major fiction and non-fiction from 1927 to 1941. With references to works including A Room of One’s Own (1929) and Three Guineas (1938), and particularly Between the Acts (1941), I argue that Woolf’s monstrous images inform Braidotti’s own writing, especially her 2002 monograph Metamorphoses: Towards a Materialist Theory of Becoming. Yet it is vital to stress that these feminist-materialist echoes exceed binarized understandings of reflections. Alternating between reverence for motherhood, suspicion of procreation, and criticism of reproductive services/technologies, both writers suggest that women’s reproductive health cannot be neatly determined by one overarching narrative. They advance an emerging concept of reproductive agency where abortive desires are dangerous and dynamic, steeped both in histories of gestational violence and feminist potential.
The Climate of Orlando: Woolf, Braidotti and the Anthropocene
Authors: Adkins Peter
Published: July 2022

This essay brings Rosi Braidotti’s recent writing on the Anthropocene into dialogue with Woolf’s writing on climate in her novel Orlando (1928). As critics are beginning to notice, Woolf’s novel presents the reader with vicissitudes in ‘the English climate’ that parallel Orlando’s own personal transformations, presenting itself as an early outlier of climate fiction (‘cli-fi’). Less remarked upon is the radical understanding of materialism that informs Woolf’s presentation of the interrelation between human life and broader nonhuman entities and systems. This article reads Woolf’s material ontology, in which humans, weather systems and environments are irreversibly entangled, alongside Braidotti’s ‘monistic approach to subjectivity’, arguing that in both we find a similar attempt to articulate a non-anthropocentric worldview which nonetheless remains alert to political and ethical issues within human society. Showing how Woolf actively historicizes the Anthropocene in Orlando, I contend that not only can Braidotti’s work help to articulate Woolf’s materialism, but that Woolf’s attention to the sexual politics of climate change provides depth to Braidotti’s posthuman feminism.
‘Languages are so like their boots’: Linguistic Incompossibility in Flush
Authors: Alison Clemens Ruth
Published: July 2022

Reading the 1933 biography Flush alongside Woolf’s translation theory and Braidotti’s nomadic ‘multilinguism’, this paper argues that Woolf’s modernist dislocation of English both informs and is informed by her relationship with non-English languages. Using the Deleuzean idea of the ‘incompossible’ as a way of considering a world made up of multiple co-existing yet contradictory relations, I trace the presence of a ‘linguistic incompossibility’ throughout Woolf’s oeuvre. As a writer, publisher and translator, Woolf articulates a mode of being in and relating to the world that is positively constituted through the multilingual, and which in turn often constitutes the monolingual as static, ineffective, and even impossible. From the contradictory etymologies of ‘Spaniel’ offered in Flush, to the process-orientated relationship with languages in Woolf's non-fiction writing, the old idea of a closed, objective and monolithic language is inadequate for communicating the nomadic movements of modernist subjectivity. Linguistic incompossibility becomes a way of figuring the affirmatory possibilities of difference across, between and within languages to reveal the fluidity and multiplicity of language itself.
Myrica cerifera, a Medicinal Plant of the Lumbee Tribe, has Antibacterial and Nematicidal Properties
Authors: Edwards Ashley , Deberry Kazhmiri , Mariani Hannah , Taylor Darian , Cochran Nicholas , Sosa Ana , Scott Andrea , Williamson Thomas , Tirla Cornelia , Sandefur Conner , Alexander Courtney
Published: July 2022

Currently threatening the world of medicine is a growing number of antibiotic-resistant diseases. More specifically, bacteria and nematodes have gained resistance to many of the world’s leading antibiotics and nematicides, respectively, making infections more difficult to treat. Subsequently, these parasitic organisms are able to continue damaging crops and other living organisms like humans without strong interference. To help people and the environment, the development of new and novel antibiotics is vital. Previous research suggests that phytochemicals are a potential solution that will not only help inhibit bacterial growth but also reduce nematode survival. We hypothesized that Myrica cerifera, a plant often used by the Lumbee tribe to treat illness, possesses antibacterial and nematicidal properties. To answer our hypothesis, we began by collecting plant specimens to extract material for biological assays and to subsequently isolate and elucidate the structures of active components. The extract was evaluated for antibacterial properties with an agar diffusion assay and then nematicidal properties using Caenorhabditis elegans. M. cerifera extract was added onto an agar lawn at various doses, and the nematodes’ lifespans were scored. The findings of this study show that extracts of this plant, more commonly referred to as ‘wax myrtle’, do significantly decrease the lifespan of C. elegans and increase the zone of inhibition for Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, two compounds were isolated and characterized through chemical extraction, chromatographic separation, and spectroscopic analysis. These compounds could potentially be used to treat bacterial and nematode infections.

KEYWORDS: Antibacterial; Antimicrobial; Caenorhabditis elegans; Plant extract; Myrica cerifera; Nematicidal; NMR; Phytochemical
State Adoption of Cryptocurrency: a Case Study Analysis of Iran, Russia, and Venezuela
Authors: Mahdavieh Rose
Published: July 2022

The emergence of digital currency is becoming prevalent in the age of globalization – specifically, cryptocurrencies, a subset of digital currency that encompass revolutionary technology. This study postulates that certain governments are more prone to adopting cryptocurrencies, especially those seeking to eschew international sanctions and protect corrupt practices. Three comparative case studies focus on countries (Iran, Russia, and Venezuela) that share attributes that result in adopting what has been called “native cryptocurrencies”: corruption, GDP level, economic volatility, and Western sanctions.

KEYWORDS: Cryptocurrency; Blockchain; Political Science; Law; Foreign Sanctions; Government; Iran; Russia; Venezuela
Salinity Affects Wound Healing in Wild Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
Authors: Hurst Brianna , Orbach Dara
Published: July 2022

Dolphins are often individually identified by unique naturally-acquired markings. Identification becomes difficult when markings heal, or new scars appear. As salt accelerates wound healing in many organisms, the diminishment of scars on common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) residing in varying natural salinities was determined. South Texas contains the only hypersaline lagoon in the USA, located adjacent to hyposaline waters, with genetically distinct populations of dolphins in the two environments. Photographs of dolphin dorsal fins were collected, and scar stability over time was determined and compared by measuring changes in the relative lengths and surfaces of scars. All scars on dolphins in the hypersaline lagoon completely diminished between three to six years, while scars on dolphins in the hyposaline bay ranged in the amount of fading between three to six years. Data from this case study indicate that high salinity may increase the healing speed of wounds on common bottlenose dolphins compared to low salinity, although a larger sample size is needed for robust statistical comparison. Scar diminishment is an important consideration in determining the temporal reliability of photo identification.

KEYWORDS: Bottlenose dolphin; Corpus Christi Bay; healing; hypersaline; Laguna Madre; photo-identification; salinity; scar
In Silico Investigation of Some Glucose-Aspirin as COX Inhibitor
Authors: Chowdhury Md. Atiquel Islam , Anisa Tasnim Rahman , Bhattacharjee Sreebash Chandra , Das Suman
Published: July 2022

Monosaccharide derived glucose-aspirin (GA) can be prepared by conjugation between glucose and aspirin (ASA). The GA is reported to show higher analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties than ASA itself. In this perspective, six GAs which are composed of β-D-glucopyranose, ASA and acetyl groups are considered for the present investigations. The glucose unit in these GAs possesses regular chair conformation with slightly lower dipole moments. Molecular orbitals indicated a higher HOMO-LUMO gap of the molecules. All GAs showed more prone to electrophilic interactions than aspirin. Overall, glucose-aspirin esters are found to have better non-steroidal anti-inflammatory properties than the original aspirin. These GAs are better inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2, 5f19) compared to cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1, 6y3c) indicating that these GAs are potential drug candidates for COX2 related inflammation. Additionally, aspirinyl group at C-6 or C-3 position of the glucopyranose unit is found more suitable for anti-inflammatory activities as compared to C-4 position.
Adapted Conservation Agriculture Practices Can Increase Energy Productivity and Lower Yield-Scaled Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Coastal Bangladesh
Authors: Krupnik Timothy J. , Hossain Md. Khaled , Timsina Jagadish , Gathala Mahesh K. , Sapkota Tek B. , Yasmin Samina , Shahjahan Md. , Hossain Farhad , Kurishi Alanuzzaman , Miah Azahar Ali , Rahman B. M. Saidur , McDonald Andrew J.
Published: July 2022

While numerous studies have documented the benefits of conservation agriculture (CA) in South Asia, most focus on favorable environments where farmers have reliable access to energy supporting irrigation and inputs. The performance of CA in South Asia’s under-developed coastal environments is comparatively understudied. In these environments, farmers are increasingly interested in growing a second crop to meet food security and income generation objectives in rotation following the predominant monsoon season rice crop, though labor, energy costs, and investment constraints limit their ability to do so. We hypothesized that rotating rice (Oryza sativa) with maize (Zea mays) using conservation agriculture, or CA (i.e., strip-tilled maize followed by unpuddled transplanted rice), or seasonally alternating tillage (SAT, i.e., strip-tilled maize followed by fully-tilled, puddled rice with residues retained across rotations) would reduce costs and energy use, increase energy-use efficiency, and reduce yield-scaled CO2-eq emissions (YSE) and total global warming potential (GWP), compared to farmers’ own practices (FP) and conventional full-tillage (CT) under the same rotation in Bangladesh’s coastal region. Starting with winter maize followed by summer rice, we evaluated four tillage and crop establishment treatments in farmer-managed experiments in partially irrigated and rainfed environments over three years in 35 farmer’s fields across Bangladesh’s coastal districts. Treatments included FP, CT, complete CA, and SAT under a rice-maize rotation. Across years, the full suite of CA practices and SAT were significantly more energy-efficient and energy-productive than FP or CT. The order of YSE in rice was CA< CT or FP < SAT while in maize, it was CA or SAT < FP < CT. Across environments, CA and SAT resulted in 15-18% higher yield at the cropping systems level (maize and rice yields combined) and 26-40% less manual labor than CT or FP. CA and SAT also reduced by 1-12% and 33-35% total production costs respective to CT and FP. This was associated with 13-17% greater grain energy output in CA and SAT, and 2-18% lower YSE, compared to CT or FP. While our data suggest that both CA and SAT can result in a range of positive agronomic, economic, and environmental outcomes compared to FP or CT, post-trial surveys and discussions with farmers revealed a strong practical aversion to use of the full suite of CA practices and preference for adapted practices due to logistical constraints in negotiating the hire of laborers for unpuddled manual transplanting.
Moderate External Rotation of Tibial Component Generates More Natural Kinematics Than Internal Rotation After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Fang Chaohua , Luan Yichao , Wang Zhiwei , Shao Long , Qu Tiebing , Cheng Cheng-Kung
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to investigate the influence of tibial malrotation on knee kinematics after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A symmetric fixed-bearing posterior-stabilized prosthesis was implanted in the validated knee model with different rotational alignments of the tibial component (neutral, 3° external rotation, 5° external rotation, 3° internal rotation, and 5° internal rotation). Computational kinematic simulations were used to evaluate the postoperative kinematics of the knee joint including anteroposterior translation femoral condyles and axial rotation of tibial component during 0°–135° knee flexion. The results revealed that the neutral position of the tibial component was not the closest kinematics to the intact knee, the model with 5° external rotation of the tibial component showed the closest lateral condyle translation and tibial axial rotation, and moderate external rotation could improve the kinematics after TKA.
Recent Advances in Multifunctional Mechanical–Chemical Superhydrophobic Materials
Authors: Luo Qinghua , Peng Jiao , Chen Xiaoyu , Zhang Hui , Deng Xia , Jin Shiwei , Zhu Hai
Published: July 2022

In recent years, biology-inspired superhydrophobic technology has attracted extensive attention and has been widely used in self-cleaning, anti-icing, oil–water separation, and other fields. However, the poor durability restricts its application in practice; thus, it is urgent to systematically summarize it so that scientists can guide the future development of this field. Here, in this review, we first elucidated five kinds of typical superhydrophobic models, namely, Young’s equation, Wenzel, Cassie–Baxter, Wenzel–Cassie, “Lotus,” and “Gecko” models. Then, we summarized the improvement in mechanical stability and chemical stability of superhydrophobic surface. Later, the durability test methods such as mechanical test methods and chemical test methods are discussed. Afterwards, we displayed the applications of multifunctional mechanical–chemical superhydrophobic materials, namely, anti-fogging, self-cleaning, oil–water separation, antibacterial, membrane distillation, battery, and anti-icing. Finally, the outlook and challenge of mechanical–chemical superhydrophobic materials are highlighted.
Prediction of Marshall Test Results for Dense Glasphalt Mixtures Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Jweihan Yazeed S. , Alawadi Roaa J. , Momani Yazan S. , Tarawneh Ahmad N.
Published: July 2022

Asphalt mixture comprising waste glass as an aggregate is referred to as “glasphalt”. Limited studies have been oriented to investigate the Marshall test results of dense-graded glasphalt mixes considering a wide range of variables. This study aims to utilize the artificial neural networks (ANNs) to develop predictive models for Marshall stability and Marshall flow of dense glasphalt mixes based on a large experimental database collected from the literature. Eight independent variables covering the material and mix properties were utilized as inputs in the models. The proposed models resulted in an experimental-to-predicted ratio of 1.00 and 1.00, coefficient of variation of 8.6% and 8.7%, RMSE of 1.63 kN and 0.54 mm, and R-squared of 93.6% and 85.7% for the glasphalt stability and flow models, respectively. Comprehensive parametric analyses have been conducted to further validate the models by investigating the sensitivity of their parameters to the predicted stability and flow values. The analyses revealed some desirable design values that could be considered for a better performance of dense glasphalt mixes. The results indicate that 4% is the desired design air void content of glasphalt mixes. High stability value can be achieved for glasphalt mixes containing a crushed aggregate of 12.5 mm maximum size and 50% glass cullet of 4.75 mm maximum size. Lower viscosity asphalt binder would provide uniformly compacted mixes. Furthermore, glasphalt flow increases as the maximum size of ingredient particles, the penetration grade of asphalt cement, asphalt cement content, and VMA% increase.
Genomic Analysis Uncovers the Prognostic and Immunogenetic Feature of Pyroptosis in Gastric Carcinoma: Indication for Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhou Jie , Nie Run-cong , Yin Yi-xin , Wang Yun , Yuan Shu-qiang , Zhao Zi-han , Zhang Xin-ke , Duan Jin-ling , Chen Ying-bo , Zhou Zhi-wei , Xie Dan , Li Yuan-fang , Cai Mu-yan
Published: July 2022

Crosstalk between pyroptosis and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in cancer has yet to be elucidated. Herein, we aimed to explore the role of pyroptosis and its association with TIME in gastric cancer. Unsupervised clustering was performed to identify the pyroptosis-related clusters. Pyroptosis risk score was constructed using LASSO Cox regression. Clinicopathological and genetic data of pyroptosis clusters and pyroptosis risk scores were explored. Reproducibility of pyroptosis risk score in predicting response to immunotherapy and screening potential antitumor drugs was also investigated. Three pyroptosis clusters with distinct prognosis, immune cell fractions and signatures, were constructed. A low-pyroptosis risk score was characterized by increased activated T-cell subtype and M1 macrophage, decreased M2 macrophage, higher MSI status, and TMB. Meanwhile, low-score significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression, antigen presentation markers, and IFN-γ signature. The 5-year AUCs of PRS were 0.67, 0.62, 0.65, 0.67, and 0.67 in the TCGA, three external public and one real-world validation (SYSUCC) cohorts. Multivariable analyses further validated the prognostic performance of the pyroptosis risk scoring system, with HRs of 2.43, 1.83, 1.78, 2.35, and 2.67 (all p < 0.05) in the five cohorts. GSEA indicated significant enrichment of DNA damage repair pathways in the low-score group. Finally, the pyroptosis risk scoring system was demonstrated to be useful in predicting response to immunotherapy, and in screening potential antitumor drugs. Our study highlights the crucial role of interaction between pyroptosis and TIME in gastric cancer. The pyroptosis risk scoring system can be used independently to predict the survival of individuals and their response to immunotherapy.
Translating the Arabidopsis thaliana Peroxisome Proteome Insights to Solanum lycopersicum: Consensus Versus Diversity
Authors: Tarafdar Sabiha , Chowdhary Gopal
Published: July 2022

Peroxisomes are small, single-membrane specialized organelles present in all eukaryotic organisms. The peroxisome is one of the nodal centers of reactive oxygen species homeostasis in plants, which are generated in a high amount due to various stress conditions. Over the past decade, there has been extensive study on peroxisomal proteins and their signaling pathways in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and a lot has been deciphered. However, not much impetus has been given to studying the peroxisome proteome of economically important crops. Owing to the significance of peroxisomes in the physiology of plants during normal and stress conditions, understating its proteome is of much importance. Hence, in this paper, we have made a snapshot of putative peroxisomal matrix proteins in the economically important vegetable crop tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, (L.) family Solanaceae). First, a reference peroxisomal matrix proteome map was generated for Arabidopsis thaliana using the available proteomic and localization studies, and proteins were categorized into various groups as per their annotations. This was used to create the putative peroxisomal matrix proteome map for S. lycopersicum. The putative peroxisome proteome in S. lycopersicum retains the basic framework: the bulk of proteins had peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS) type 1, a minor group had PTS2, and the catalase family retained its characteristic internal PTS. Apart from these, a considerable number of S. lycopersicum orthologs did not contain any “obvious” PTS. The number of PTS2 isoforms was found to be reduced in S. lycopersicum. We further investigated the PTS1s in the case of both the plant species and generated a pattern for canonical and non-canonical PTS1s. The number of canonical PTS1 proteins was comparatively lesser in S. lycopersicum. The non-canonical PTS1s were found to be comparable in both the plant species; however, S. lycopersicum showed greater diversity in the composition of the signal tripeptide. Finally, we have tried to address the lacunas and probable strategies to fill those gaps.
Intersection of Inflammation and Senescence in the Aging Lung Stem Cell Niche
Authors: Allen Nancy C. , Reyes Nabora S. , Lee Jin Young , Peng Tien
Published: July 2022

Aging is the final stage of development with stereotyped changes in tissue morphology. These age-related changes are risk factors for a multitude of chronic lung diseases, transcending the diverse pathogenic mechanisms that have been studied in disease-specific contexts. Two of the hallmarks of aging include inflammation and cellular senescence, which have been attributed as drivers of age-related organ decline. While these two age-related processes are often studied independently in the same tissue, there appears to be a reciprocal relationship between inflammation and senescence, which remodels the aging tissue architecture to increase susceptibility to chronic diseases. This review will attempt to address the “chicken or the egg” question as to whether senescence drives inflammation in the aging lung, or vice versa, and whether the causality of this relationship has therapeutic implications for age-related lung diseases.
SApredictor: An Expert System for Screening Chemicals Against Structural Alerts
Authors: Hua Yuqing , Cui Xueyan , Liu Bo , Shi Yinping , Guo Huizhu , Zhang Ruiqiu , Li Xiao
Published: July 2022

The rapid and accurate evaluation of chemical toxicity is of great significance for estimation of chemical safety. In the past decades, a great number of excellent computational models have been developed for chemical toxicity prediction. But most machine learning models tend to be “black box”, which bring about poor interpretability. In the present study, we focused on the identification and collection of structural alerts (SAs) responsible for a series of important toxicity endpoints. Then, we carried out effective storage of these structural alerts and developed a web-server named SApredictor (www.sapredictor.cn) for screening chemicals against structural alerts. People can quickly estimate the toxicity of chemicals with SApredictor, and the specific key substructures which cause the chemical toxicity will be intuitively displayed to provide valuable information for the structural optimization by medicinal chemists.
Genetic Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates From an Amerindian Population in Chiapas, México
Authors: Molina-Torres Carmen A. , Quinn Frederick D. , Castro-Garza Jorge , Gómez-Velasco Anaximandro , Ocampo-Candiani Jorge , Bencomo-Alerm Alied , Sánchez-Pérez Héctor Javier , Muñoz-Jiménez Sergio , Rendón Adrián , Ansari Afzal , Sharma Mukul , Singh Pushpendra , Vera-Cabrera Lucio
Published: July 2022

This is the first report of the genetic diversity of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates found in a Mexican-Amerindian setting. In this study, we analyzed isolates collected from the Highlands region of Chiapas, Mexico, by using spoligotyping and whole-genome sequencing analyses. Seventy-three M. tuberculosis isolates were analyzed initially by spoligotyping; no new spoligotypes were identified. Nineteen percent of the isolates were identified as SIT53 (T1) (n = 14), followed by SIT42 (14%, n = 10, LAM9) and SIT119 (11%; n = 8, X1). SIT53, SIT42, and orphan isolates (16.4%, n = 12) constituted about 50% of the isolates studied and were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis. Most SIT53 (10/12) isolates belonged to the Euro-American sub-lineage 4.8. Most SIT42 isolates (4/7) as .well as most orphan isolates (5/8) belonged to the lineage 4.3.3 LAM group. By comparing the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) patterns of the SIT53 isolates, we found one clone (<7 SNPs) and four clustered isolates (<15 SNPs). In isolates from the SIT42 and orphan groups, we did not find any clones or clusters. This work demonstrates the success of sub-lineage 4.8 to predominate in Mexico and confirms the dominion of sub-lineage 4.3.3 in Central and South America.
Assessing Als3 Peptide-Binding Cavity and Amyloid-Forming Region Contributions to Candida albicans Invasion of Human Oropharyngeal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Oh Soon-Hwan , Hoyer Lois L.
Published: July 2022

Although it is widely recognized that disruption of ALS3 reduces the invasion of Candida albicans germ tubes into mammalian oral epithelial cells, the mechanism of this interaction was unexplored. C. albicans strains with structurally informed mutations to remove adhesive activity of the peptide-binding cavity (PBC) or aggregative activity mediated by the amyloid-forming region (AFR) were assessed for their ability to invade cultured human oropharyngeal epithelial cells. Initial assays utilized untreated fungal and epithelial cells. Subsequent work used epithelial cells treated with cytochalasin D and C. albicans cells treated with thimerosal to investigate invasion mediated by active penetration of germ tubes and epithelial cell induced endocytosis, respectively. Results demonstrated the importance of the PBC for the invasion process: loss of PBC function resulted in the same reduced-invasion phenotype as a C. albicans strain that did not produce Als3 on its surface. Invasion via active penetration was particularly compromised without PBC function. Loss of AFR function produced a wild-type phenotype in the untreated and thimerosal-treated invasion assays but increased invasion in cytochalasin D-treated epithelial cells. In previous work, reduced AFR-mediated Als3 aggregation increased C. albicans adhesion to cultured epithelial cell monolayers, presumably via increased PBC accessibility for ligand binding. Collectively, results presented here demonstrate that Als3 PBC-mediated adhesion is integral to its invasive function. These new data add to the mechanistic understanding of the role of Als3 in C. albicans invasion into mammalian oral epithelial cells.