bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tinjauan Mashlahah Terhadap Perlindungan Seni Ukir Melalui Indikasi Geografis
Authors: Jazuli Ahmad Khamim
Published: January 2017

Many regions in Indonesia that have produced and preserved the art of carving, but not all have been registered and protected. Carving, usually protected by copyright. But, Jepara Carved Furniture have gained protection through Geographical Indications Certifiate. In Indonesia there are regulations related to Geographical Indications as a legal protection, but in the study of Islamic law there is no specifi explanation or regulation about geographical indication which may bring the benefi to the community or even bring madhorot, considering the purpose of Islamic law is the welfare of human life both spiritual and material, individual or social.

Banyak daerah di Indonesia yang memproduksi dan melestarikan seni ukir, namun tidak semua didaftrkan dan mendapatkan perlindungan. Biasanya seni ukir dilindungi melalui hak cipta. Namun, ternyata Mebel Ukir Jepara telah mendapatkan perlindungan melalui sertifiat Indikasi Geografi. Di Indonesia sudah ada pengaturan terkait Indikasi Geografi sebagai payung hukumnya, namun dalam kajian hukum Islam belum ada penjelasan atau pengaturan yang spesifi mengenai Indikasi Geografi yang mungkin bisa mendatangkan kemaslahatan bagi masyarakat atau malah membawa madhorot, mengingat tujuan dari hukum Islam adalah kemaslahatan hidup manusia baik rohani maupun jasmani, individual atau sosial. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif (library research). Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Dalam penelitian ini metode analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif.
AKR1C1 as a Biomarker for Differentiating the Biological Effects of Combustible from Non-Combustible Tobacco Products
Authors: Woo Sangsoon , Gao Hong , Henderson David , Zacharias Wolfgang , Liu Gang , Tran Quynh T. , Prasad G. L.
Published: January 2017

Smoking has been established as a major risk factor for developing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but less attention has been paid to the effects of smokeless tobacco products. Our objective is to identify potential biomarkers to distinguish the biological effects of combustible tobacco products from those of non-combustible using oral cell lines. Normal human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC), non-metastatic (101A) and metastatic (101B) OSCC cell lines were exposed to different tobacco product preparations (TPPs) including cigarette smoke total particulate matter (TPM), whole-smoke conditioned media (WS-CM), smokeless tobacco extract in complete artificial saliva (STE), or nicotine (NIC) alone. We performed microarray-based gene expression profiling and found 3456 probe sets from 101A, 1432 probe sets from 101B, and 2717 probe sets from HGEC to be differentially expressed. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed xenobiotic metabolism and steroid biosynthesis were the top two pathways that were upregulated by combustible but not by non-combustible TPPs. Notably, aldo-keto reductase genes, AKR1C1 and AKR1C2, were the core genes in the top enriched pathways and were statistically upregulated more than 8 fold by combustible TPPs. Our qRT-PCR results statistically support AKR1C1 as a potential biomarker for differentiating the biological effects of combustible from non-combustible tobacco products.
Thermoplastic Micromodel Investigation of Two-Phase Flows in a Fractured Porous Medium
Authors: Hsu Shao-Yiu , Zhang Zhong-Yao , Tsao Chia-Wen
Published: January 2017

In the past few years, micromodels have become a useful tool for visualizing flow phenomena in porous media with pore structures, e.g., the multifluid dynamics in soils or rocks with fractures in natural geomaterials. Micromodels fabricated using glass or silicon substrates incur high material cost; in particular, the microfabrication-facility cost for making a glass or silicon-based micromold is usually high. This may be an obstacle for researchers investigating the two-phase-flow behavior of porous media. A rigid thermoplastic material is a preferable polymer material for microfluidic models because of its high resistance to infiltration and deformation. In this study, cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) was selected as the substrate for the micromodel because of its excellent chemical, optical, and mechanical properties. A delicate micromodel with a complex pore geometry that represents a two-dimensional (2D) cross-section profile of a fractured rock in a natural oil or groundwater reservoir was developed for two-phase-flow experiments. Using an optical visualization system, we visualized the flow behavior in the micromodel during the processes of imbibition and drainage. The results show that the flow resistance in the main channel (fracture) with a large radius was higher than that in the surrounding area with small pore channels when the injection or extraction rates were low. When we increased the flow rates, the extraction efficiency of the water and oil in the mainstream channel (fracture) did not increase monotonically because of the complex two-phase-flow dynamics. These findings provide a new mechanism of residual trapping in porous media.
Peierls and Spin-Peierls Instabilities in the Per2[M(mnt)2] Series of One-Dimensional Organic Conductors; Experimental Realization of a 1D Kondo Lattice for M = Pd, Ni and Pt
Authors: Pouget Jean-Paul , Foury-Leylekian Pascale , Almeida Manuel
Published: January 2017

We summarize structural instabilities exhibited by the one dimensional (1D) (arene)2X family of organic conductors in relation with their electronic and magnetic properties. With a charge transfer of one electron to each anion X these salts exhibit a quarter-filled (hole) conduction band located on the donor stacks. Compounds built with donors such as fluorenthene and perylene derivatives and anions X such PF6 or AsF6 exhibit a high temperature (TP~170K) conventional Peierls transition which is announced by a sizeable regime of 1D 2kF charge density wave fluctuations (kF is the Fermi wave vector of the 1D electron gas located on Per stacks). Surprisingly, and probably because of the presence of a multi-sheet warped Fermi surface, the Peierls transition is considerably reduced in the perylene series α-(Per)2[M(mnt)2] where X is the dithiolate molecule with M=Au, Cu, Co and Fe. A special attention is devoted in this paper to physical properties of α-(Per)2[M(mnt)2] salts which with M=Pt, Pd and Ni incorporate segregated S=1/2 1D antiferromagnetic (AF) dithiolate stacks with 1D metallic Per stacks. We analyse conjointly the structural and magnetic properties of these salts in relation with the 1D spin-Peierls (SP) instability located on the dithiolate stacks. We show that the SP instability of the Pd and Ni derivatives occurs in the classical (adiabatic limit) while the SP instability of the Pt derivative occurs in the quantum (anti-adiabatic limit). Furthermore we show that in the Pd and Ni derivatives frustrated 1st neighbour direct and 2nd neighbour indirect (through a fine tuning with the mediated 2kF RKKY coupling interaction on Per stacks) AF interactions add their contribution to the SP instability to open a singlet-triplet gap. Our analysis of the data show unambiguously that magnetic α-(Per)2[M(mnt)2] salts are a typical realization of the physics predicted for two chain 1D Kondo lattices.
Hydrological Modeling of Highly Glacierized Basins (Andes, Alps, and Central Asia)
Authors: Omani Nina , Srinivasan Raghavan , Karthikeyan Raghupathy , Smith Patricia
Published: January 2017

Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate five glacierized river basins that are global in coverage and vary in climate. The river basins included the Narayani (Nepal), Vakhsh (Central Asia), Rhone (Switzerland), Mendoza (Central Andes, Argentina), and Central Dry Andes (Chile) with a total area of 85,000 km2. A modified SWAT snow algorithm was applied in order to consider spatial variation of associated snow melt /accumulation by elevation band across each subbasin. In the previous studies, melt rates varied as a function of elevation resulting from an air temperature gradient while the snow parameters were constant throughout the entire basin. A major improvement of the new snow algorithm is separating the glaciers from seasonal snow based on their characteristics. Two SWAT snow algorithms were evaluated in simulation of monthly runoff from glaciered watershed: 1) the snow parameters are lumped (i.e. constant throughout the entire basin) and 2) the snow parameters are spatially variable based on elevation band-subbasin (i.e. modified snow algorithm). Applying the distributed SWAT snow algorithm improved the model performance in simulation of monthly runoff with snow-glacial regime, so that mean RSR decreased to 0.49 from 0.55 and NSE increased to 0.75 from 0.69. Improvement of model performance was negligible in simulation of monthly runoff from the basins with monsoon runoff regime.
An Analysis of HRD and Capacity Building challenges in the Education Sector in India
Authors: Yadav Anshu
Published: February 2017

There is a huge focus on building enabling capabilities in the potential workforce to make them employable all over the world. The challenges surrounding the current education system in India have given way to the production of unemployable youth which is endangering the growth and sustainability of the economy. The education sector in India has been under criticism for not being skill oriented. In this light, the current study presents an overview of the skill development environment existing in educational institutions in the country and identifies the challenges that produce skill gap. The study mainly relies on qualitative methodology and draws support from other economies of the world. Global Skill development models have been considered to address the skill development challenges. It suggests the development of versatile vocational skills and strong competence in today's youth, accompanied with the continuous renewal of competencies.
Ефективність та безпечність застосування системних деконгестантів
Authors: Myroniuk B.M. , Khomenko M.B. , Tertyshna V.S.
Published: February 2017

В огляді подані сучасні погляди на застосування системних деконгестантів. Розглянуті патогенетичні механізми та клінічні наслідки їх використання в практиці оториноларинголога та педіатра. Особливу увагу приділено питанням безпечності та ефективності системних деконгестантів у дітей.
Фактори ризику розвитку і патогенез гастроінтестинальної харчової алергії в дітей
Authors: Okhotnikova O.M. , Chernysh Yu.R.
Published: February 2017

В огляді літератури наведено сучасні погляди на фактори ризику розвитку, етіологію та патогенез гастроінтестинальної харчової алергії в дітей. Розглянуто механізми розвитку окремих форм гастроінтестинальної харчової алергії.
Сучасний погляд на діагностику гострої судинної недостатності кишечника на ранньому госпітальному етапі
Authors: Maksimenko M.V.
Published: February 2017

Порушення мезентеріального кровообігу є одним із найгрізніших захворювань, що зустрічається в ургентній абдомінальній гастроентерології. Особливості перебігу гострої ішемії на фоні різноманітних супутніх захворювань ускладнюють діагностику, а її декомпенсація нерідко стає причиною проведення операції як методу відчаю, коли спостерігається необоротність перебігу патологічного процесу. Робота ґрунтується на результатах діагностики та лікування 51 хворого з клінічною картиною гострої судинної недостатності кишечника. Були оцінені та враховані вікові особливості перебігу захворювання в пацієнтів різних вікових груп. Об’єктивізація ступеня порушення гемодинаміки кишечника проводилась шляхом клініко-сонографічної діагностики, що включала триплексне сканування для кількісної оцінки кровотоку кишечника й сонографічний моніторинг на всіх етапах діагностики та лікування. Встановлено, що проведення стандартної методики ультрасонографічної діагностики дозволяє виявити лише грубі порушення регіонарної гемодинаміки на рівні магістральних судин; провівши оцінку гемодинаміки кишечника шляхом спектральної допплерографії, виявлено принципові об’єктивні ознаки й розбіжності стану кишечника залежно від рівня ушкодження судинного русла, що дозволило чітко верифікувати тотальне ураження, тоді як при сегментарному перебігу патологічного процесу виникла необхідність динамічного сонографічного моніторингу з метою об’єктивізації гострої судинної недостатності кишечника на фоні інтенсивної терапії, що проводиться, що дозволило оптимізувати подальшу лікувальну (хірургічну) тактику.
Оцінка больового синдрому у дітей. Сучасний стан проблеми
Authors: Mishchuk V.R.
Published: February 2017

Питання оцінки болю у дітей різних вікових груп є актуальним, оскільки його успішна реалізація потребує врахування багатьох факторів. Зокрема, більшість дітей віком до 5 років не здатні вербально описати больові відчуття. Окрім того, на поведінкову реакцію дітей можуть впливати такі фактори, як попередній негативний досвід болю, відсутність батьків, когнітивні розлади та інше. Фізіологічні параметри, що часто використовуються для об’єктивізації болю, можуть неправильно трактуватись за наявності у дитини супутніх тяжких захворювань — сепсису, дихальної недостатності, гіповолемії тощо. Тому для практикуючих лікарів важливим є питання правильного вибору засобів оцінки болю у дітей різних вікових груп і в різних клінічних ситуаціях, а також правильна інтерпретація отриманих даних.
Direito à arte é direito de conhecer arte, produzindo arte
Authors: Coutinho Andréa Senra , Oliveira Bruna Tostes
Published: February 2017

Esse texto traz uma discussão, algumas vezes silenciada ou esquecida, sobre a relevância da formação artística e cultural para todo e qualquer brasileiro/a, e desta como direito proclamado obrigatório nas principais leis de educação desse país. São percebidos ainda alguma negligência e certo desinteresse em dar um acesso ampliado do conhecimento artístico às crianças e jovens nos ambientes escolares, cabendo à sociedade civil a cobrança do cumprimento das leis. Sobretudo pela compreensão da importante contribuição que as artes (visuais, sonoras e cênicas) podem dar na constituição do sujeito crítico na atualidade. Portanto, enquanto direito, o que falta para o ensino de arte estar assegurado? Além de trazer essa provocação, são apresentadas argumentações acerca do que se espera do ensino de arte contemporâneo, endossado por um relato de experiência exitosa em uma escola pública. São também apontadas a indispensável formação inicial e continuada de professores/as, bem como indicações de organização, planejamento e fontes de pesquisa que auxiliem num melhor entendimento das especificidades desse campo de conhecimento na educação básica, com base em autores como Ana Mae Barbosa, Luciana Loponte e outros.
Tornando-me um professor de biologia: memórias de vivências escolares
Authors: Maknamara Marlécio
Published: February 2017

Este artigo é um compacto de uma pesquisa autoetnográfica sobre minha trajetória como professor de biologia. Atualmente sou um professor universitário formador de docentes de biologia e coordeno investigações sobre memórias de vivências escolares e necessidades formativas de futuros professores de ciências. Neste pequeno texto apresento narrativas de episódios autobiográficos emblemáticos da minhajornada como estudante na escola, também motivado pelo convite de Paulo Freiresobre a necessidade dos professores serem curiosos epistemologicamente. O objetivo é refletir criticamente sobre minhas vivências escolares e conectá- las à minha trajetória de docente. Tomei inspiração em três focos paradigmáticos (interpretativismo, criticalismo, pós-modernismo) e desenvolvi uma autoetnografia aplicando elementos de pesquisa baseada em arte. Apresentados em teasers, os resultados relevam que fui um estudante inquieto e lidei com uma variedade de posições de sujeito-professor. Isto me possibilitou uma prática atenta, sensitiva e responsável diante das necessidades de meus alunos.Concluo que a autoetnografia favorece a percepção e cria modos de pensar e agir na docência em biologia, modos que emergem das referidas vivências escolares.
Avaliação química de queijos Minas artesanais frescos e curados em Uberaba, MG
Authors: Da Silva Nayara Cristina , Tunes Risia May Matos , Cunha Márcio Ferraz
Published: January 2017

The artisan Minas cheese is made by the use of raw milk, milk culture, natural rennet and salt, and its production, traditional, is a major source of income for small producers in the Minas State. With the need for information to enrich and deepen the knowledge of artisan Minas cheese, in particular chemical characteristics, was collected 24 samples of Minas cheese (12 fresh and 12 ripened cheese) in the city of Uberaba-MG for subsequent assessment of acidity, lactose, protein, sodium chloride, moisture and salt in moisture, nitrogen compounds of proteolysis of products and extension and depth of maturation. On average the results of acidity, lactose, protein, total nitrogen (NT), nitrogen soluble at pH 4.6 (SN pH 4.6) and soluble nitrogen in TCA 12% (SNTCA), sodium chloride, moisture, salt in moisture (S/M) for the artisanal cheese fresh and cured were respectively: 1.03/1.10%; 5,2g/100grams/ 4, 6g/100grams; 21.68/26.07%; 3.52/3.73%; 0.30/0.47%; 0.27/0.42%; 1.43%/1.98%, 47.4/32.81%, 2.86/6.37%.  The extension (EM) and depth of maturation (DM) presented values equal to 8.51% and 7.61% for fresh cheeses and for cheeses ripened the values were 13.41% and 11.49, respectively. There was no significant difference between the values of acidity, lactose, protein and NT, however, significant difference for the moisture parameters, sodium chloride, S/U, NS pH4 .6, NSTCA, and DM between fresh cheese and ripened. The average values of nitrogen compounds, sodium chloride, S/U, EM and DM indexes were greater value in ripened cheeses. The moisture content of ripened cheeses were lower than the fresh cheese.
O turismo rural e as linhas crédito para produção agropecuária no Brasil
Authors: Max Leandro de Araújo Brito
Published: January 2017

The research aims to analyze the offer of credit lines for agricultural production. The methodology consists in the literature review that addresses the rural administration, financial management and credit lines, and application of content analysis on sites of three banks that operate in rural credit programs, in the case of a qualitative research. Among the results are that even with the numerous lines of credit available to small producers in Brazil does not yet have enough information to access these funds. The research concludes that the credit lines offered were well prepared, so that each can meet a specific audience.
Silagem de planta inteira de milho: pontos importantes a serem considerados
Authors: Luiz Carlos Vieira Júnior
Published: January 2017

Corn being a C4 plant photosynthetic cycle, it adapts well to the tropical climate assuming high production capacity of dry matter (DM) and by having the desirable characteristics of a plant for silage, corn is the most popular culture used . The cultivar is responsible on average for 50% of final yield. Therefore, the correct choice of seeds (hybrids or cultivars, with their respective texture) may be the reason for the success of the culture. The texture of the hybrids can be grouped according to the texture of the grains, sorting into: dent (dent), durum wheat or crystalline (flint) and semi-hard grains or semi-dents which show intermediate characteristics. In relation to the harvesting stage, Several criteria must be adopted in relation to determining the ideal point in order to achieve a balance between dry matter production per hectare and nutritive value of forage utilization. The silage, when properly compressed favors and accelerates the anaerobic fermentation in the silo. However, processing of the fodder to be ensiled is to improve the quality of material by means of mechanical treatment of the grain or vegetative portion. The mechanical treatment may be accomplished mainly by crushing the grains or cuttings to reduce the fraction of the vegetative plant. The sum of all the processes described, influences the final quality of the silage fundamental to the development of different production systems that use it.
Avaliação do desempenho de bovinos de corte mestiços confinados em piquetes com sombrite e sem sombrite
Authors: Silveira Neto. Osvaldo José da Silveira Neto
Published: January 2017

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the traits of daily weight gain, carcass weight, dry matter intake, final weight and feed conversion of crossbred bovines kept in feedlot with and without shadow. The data used in this study were provided from one feedlot located in Aruanã city, Goiás state. Were confined 16,000 thousand crossbred males bovines around 24 months of age. The shadows used were consisted of polyethylene screen coverage with 70% protection against solar rays. The total confinement period was 90 days, being 07 days of adaptation. Animal kept in feedlot with shadows showed highest daily gain (1.80 Kg) compared with the animal without shadow (1.61 kg). Considering the evaluate traits as carcass weight, dry matter intake and alimentary conversion does not showed significative differences between the two treatments. Could be observed that the shadows influences the performance of crossbred animals kept in pasture with shadows.
PRINSIP DAN KRITERIA PERIKLANAN DARI PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Kesuma Teuku Meldi
Published: February 2017

Advertising in marketing Islamic products must be believed and understood as an important part of marketing based on Islam which should not be separated. This paper examines the principles and criteria of advertising from the perspective of Islam. It is caused by the increase of companies and institutions which are based on Islamic values such as Islamic financial institutions that promote its products the consumers. The important issues discussed in this paper is how the reality of concepts, principles, and criteria of Islamic advertising? Therefore this paper is developing an advertising concept from the perspective of Islam and to know for sure whether the principles and criteria that should exist in advertising Islam. The methodology applied in this paper is through a literature review by using content analysis. Hopefully, this study could develop an Islamic perspective advertisement concept in terms of principles and criteria. ======================================================================================================== Periklanan dalam memasarkan produk-produk Islam harus diyakini dan di pahami merupakan bahagian penting dalam pemasaran yang berdasarkan Islam yang tidak boleh dipisahkan. Tulisan ini mengkaji prinsip-prinsip dan kriteria periklanan dalam perspektif Islam. Hal ini disebabkan semakin ramai dan tingginya pertumbuhan perusahaan dan institusi yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai Islam seperti institusi keuangan Islam yang mempromosikan produk dan perkhidmatannya kepada orang ramai. Persoalan penting yang dibahas dalam kertas kerja ini adalah bagaimanakah bentuk konsep, prinsip dan kriteria periklanan Islam yang sebenarnya? Oleh karena itu tujuan kertas kerja ini adalah untuk membangun satu konsep periklanan dari perspektif Islam dan untuk mengenal pasti apakah prinsip-prinsip serta kriteria yang seharusnya ada dalam periklanan Islam. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan dalam kertas kerja ini adalah metode kepustakaan dengan menggunakan analisis isi. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat membentuk konsep periklanan dalam perspektif Islam dari segi prinsip dan kriterianya.
ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENT BUDGET IN ISLAMIC VIEW : CASE OF ACEH GOVERNMENT BUDGET
Authors: Syathi Putri Bintusy , Ismail Abdul Ghafar
Published: February 2017

Aceh province has a special right to implement Sharia principles throughout the area (Law Number 11/2006) though Indonesia is not an Islam country. Among the Sharia laws implementation, government budget was one of the first to be carried out in the province. It was showed up as Zakat post in the APBD (local government budget). The issue is whether putting in the Zakat post was enough to demonstrate an Islamic based budget as well as the transparence of zakat disbursement. Therefore, this paper trying to analyze the existing budget based on Sharia principles (Islamic Law) as explained by Chaudhry (1999) and Kahf (1997) The provincial budget needs improvement to be more sharia compliance. Fulfilling the Sharia criterion consequently will improve the accountability, transparency and the fairness of the budget toward people needs and development enhancing.

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Aceh adalah provinsi yang memiliki hak khusus dalam mengimplementasikan prinsip- prinsip syariah dalam wilayahnya (Undang- Undang no.11 tahun 2006) walaupun Indonesia bukanlah suatu negara Islam. Diantara implementasi hukum syariah, anggaran pemerintah adalah satu hal yang pertama yang dikelola dalam provinsi ini. Hal ini muncul pada pos zakat pada APBD (Anggaranan Pengeluaran dan Belanja Daerah). Masalahnya adalah apakah penempatan dana Zakat sudah cukup untuk menunjukkan sebagai anggaran yang berbasis Islam serta transparansi dalam penyaluran zakat. Untuk itu paper ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis anggara yang ada berdasarkan prinsip- prinsip syariah (Hukum Islam) seperti yang telah dijelaskan oleh Chaudury (1999) dan Kahf (1997). Anggaran provinsi perlu perbaikan agar lebih patuh syariah. Dengan terpenuhinya kriteria syariah maka akan meningkatkan akuntabilitas, transparansi, dan keadilan dalam anggaran terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat dan meningkatkan pembangunan.
PENGARUH DANA PIHAK KETIGA, TINGKAT BAGI HASIL DAN NON PERFORMING FINANCING TERHADAP VOLUME DAN PORSI PEMBIAYAAN BERBASIS BAGI HASIL PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Annisa Lintang Nurul , Yaya Rizal
Published: February 2017

This study aims to examine the impact of the third-party funds (DPK), profit sharing rate and non-performing financing (NPF) of the volume and financing portion of profit sharing based on Islamic banking. The sample of this study is seven Islamic banks with the purpose of research object are quarterly financial statements from June 2010 until September 201. Methods of data analysis are using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that, from the aspect of volume, DPK variable, profit sharing rate and NPF last period has a significant impact on the profit-sharing based on financing volume for the subsequent period. In the proportion aspect, it is found that the only variable level of revenue sharing finance portfolio of last period that significantly influences the results-based financing portion for the next period.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dana pihak ketiga (DPK), tingkat bagi hasil dan non-performing financing (NPF) terhadap volume dan porsi pembiayaan berbasis bagi hasil pada perbankan syariah. Sampel yang digunakan adalah tujuh bank umum syariah dengan objek penelitian laporan keuangan triwulan dari Juni 2010 hingga September 2013.Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, dari aspek volume, variabel DPK, tingkat bagi hasil dan NPF periode lalu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume pembiayaan berbasis bagi hasil periode berikutnya.Pada aspek proporsi ditemukan bahwa hanya variable tingkat bagi hasil penyaluran pembiayaan periode lalu yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap porsi pembiayaan berbasis bagi hasil periode berikutnya.
DOES MICROFINANCE MODEL DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MICROFINANCE INTERVENTION IN ENHANCING MICROENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE? EVIDENCE FROM BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA
Authors: Hawariyuni Weni , Kassim Salina Hj
Published: February 2017

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of different microfinance model in enhancing the performance of microenterprises in terms of income, fixed assets, and household expenditures. By focusing on the case of Bank Rakyat Indonesia, one of the most successful commercial microfinance providers in the world, two types of microfinance products, namely KUPEDES and KUR are being compared. The KUPEDES is original product of BRI Unit, while the KUR is a micro-product subsidized by the Indonesian government. Based on the experience of BRI Unit in Medan city, Indonesia, we assess the impact of microfinance intervention on 400 clients. The findings demonstrated that KUPEDES as original microproduct is more successful compared to KUR product in enhancing the performance of microenterprise through income, fixed assets, and household expenditures as successful indicators.

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi keefektifan beragam model pendanaan mikro dalam meningkatkan performa usaha kecil dari segi pemasukan, aset tetap, dan belanja rumah tangga. Dengan fokus pada kasus Bank Rakyat Indonesia, salah satu pemberi dana mikro paling berhasil di dunia, kajian ini membandingkan dua macam produk pendanaan mikro, yaitu KUPEDES dan KUR. KUPEDES adalah produk original BRI sementara KUR adalah sebuah produk mikro yang disubsisdi oleh pemerintah Indonesia. Berdasarkan pengalaman BRI cabang Medan, Indonesia, penulis menilai dampak campur tangan pendanaan mikro terhadap 400 orang klien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUPEDES sebagai produk mikro original dinilai lebih berhasil dibandingkan dengan KUR dalam meningkatkan performa usaha kecil dengan indikator kesuksesan: pemasukan, asset tetap, dan belanja rumah tangga.
Economic essence of expenditures as the most important objects of accounting, control and analysis of the main managers of budgetary funds
Authors: Solovyova Nataliya
Published: February 2017

Based on the study of general approaches to the definition of the term "expenditures", we define the economic essence of expenditures in general and expenditures of the main managers of budgetary funds in particular. This helps regulate the terminological apparatus of accounting, control and analysis in the sector of general state management, enabling the formation of a coherent concept of accounting, control and analysis of expenditures, taking into account the specific features of the main managers of budgetary funds.
Investors’ trading and relative performance of analysts during the crisis period
Authors: Farooq Omar
Published: February 2017

This paper documents the relationship between foreign and local analysts’ recommendations and subsequent trades done by different investor groups – foreign investors, local institutional investors, and local individual investors. Using analysts’ recommendations and investors’ trading data from South Korea, we show that foreign analysts’ buy recommendations and local analysts’ sell recommendations generate significantly more subsequent trade than their respective counterpart recommendations (i.e. local analysts’ buy and foreign analysts’ sell recommendations) during the Asian financial crisis of 1997-98. We argue that the ability of foreign analysts’ buy recommendations and local analysts’ sell recommendations to generate trade is responsible for superior performance foreign analysts’ buy recommendations and local analysts’ sell recommendations in emerging stock markets. We also show that earlier explanations proposed to explain the asymmetric performance of foreign and local analysts’ recommendations do not hold in our sample period.
Revisiting the weak-form efficiency of the Australian stock market
Authors: Tong Tong , Li Bin , Benkato Omar M.
Published: February 2017

We use recent daily data and several testing procedures to re-investigate the weak-form efficiency of the Australian stock of the top 50 companies across different industries. Contrary to most prior studies, our results suggest that the Australian market is weak-form efficient with little or no evidence for short-term return predictability.
Factors affecting the foreign direct investment in Russia
Authors: Cufari Adelaide T. , D’Orio Giovanni
Published: February 2017

This paper analyses some links between the last crisis of the banking sector, the system of corporate governance and the level of investment (and foreign direct investment in particular) in Russia. Russian contrasting outcomes are the result of a complex set of factors depending on investment, regulation inadequacy, reforms structure and transition process consequences. We start with a short analysis of the transition process. The analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that both macroeconomic stabilization and structural reforms are necessary for growth. Afterwards we analyse the outcomes of the banking system in Russia with special emphasis to the reform strategy proposed after the crisis of 1999, as well as some of the associated controversies with the current system of corporate governance. The Russian experience of corporate governance is unique; and the lessons that Russia teaches are not trivial. Russia’s enterprise pathologies improve our basic understanding of how corporate governance works.
The effects of ESOPs on performance and risk: Evidence from France
Authors: Trébucq Stéphane
Published: February 2017

Approximately 220 of the 700 firms whose stock was traded on the main French markets had an employee stock ownership plan at the end of the year 2000. Average ownership was 3.7%. Employee ownership can be implemented for many reasons, and the relationship between ESOPs and performance still remains unclear. The purpose of this research is thus to determine how employee ownership can affect corporate performance and risk in France. This study improves upon previous work by using ownership, performance and risk variables, as well as control variables (sector, size, debt, growth), applied to a large sample of French firms. Cross-sectional regressions show some positive links between the presence of ESOPs and some financial performance measures, such as the return on equity and the return on investments. Links between ESOPs and risk variables are more complicated. The presence of ESOPs reduces the return on equity variability, but the more employee ownership there is the more the beta coefficient increases. This result seems to show that investors tend to consider firms with ESOPs to be more risky, even if their profitability is more stable. Within the limitations of these results, we propose a general model introducing the concept of social capital.
Levels of ownership structure, board composition and board size seem unimportant in New Zealand
Authors: Chin Trevor , Vos Ed , Casey Quin
Published: February 2017

The relationship between firm performance and board composition, size and equity ownership structure are investigated in this paper for a sample of 426 annual observations of New Zealand firms across a five-year period. No statistically significant relationships could be found. These results are consistent with several previous studies and cast doubt on agency explanations used to relate board ownership to corporate performance. This may be due to endogenous factors or due to the small size of the New Zealand pool of corporate directors.
IPO returns, board composition and committee characteristics: some Australian evidence of signalling attributes
Authors: Hartnett Neil
Published: February 2017

This study considers the association between corporate governance attributes and IPO return behaviour in the Australian share market. Strong, significant associations are reported between IPO initial returns and board size, board independence and leadership structure. The board size effect appears contextual and increases with larger entity size. Audit committee formation per se was not a discriminating factor but committee conformity with exchange guidelines was of marginal significance. Overall, the results are consistent with the premise that governance attributes can offer signals to investors concerning the likely effectiveness of management actions in serving shareholder interests and enhancing firm prospects.
Factors impacting on the knowledge transfer of foreign African doctors practicing in South African provincial hospitals
Authors: Lutakwa Joly N. , Parumasur Sanjana Brijball
Published: February 2017

This study assesses the perceptions of foreign African doctors, practicing in South African provincial hospitals, of the impact of individual culture, language and communication and interpersonal relations on knowledge transfer. A sample of 62 foreign African doctors who obtained their degrees at medical schools outside South Africa and who are now living and practicing in South African provincial hospitals was drawn using snowball sampling. Data was collected using a self-developed, self-administered questionnaire whose psychometric properties were statistically determined. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate that language and communication has the greatest impact on knowledge transfer, negligibly followed by interpersonal relations and then individual culture. Recommendations are made in attempts to reduce the negative impact of these dimensions on the transfer of knowledge and to enhance knowledge sharing.
Interplay among the large investor groups and the ownership-performance relationship
Authors: Lin Jang Shee Barry , Yi Bingsheng , Mooney Jane
Published: February 2017

This paper applies several methodologies to examine the interplay among large shareholders. We find that firm performance is positively associated with insider and institutional ownership, but negatively associated with blockholder ownership. More importantly, we find that insider and institutional ownership are negatively related to each other, functioning as substitutes. However, they are both positively related to blockholder ownership, indicating that the endogenous optimal ownership requires higher insider and/or institutional ownership when there is high blockholder ownership. Methodologically, we find that using residual ownership reduces or eliminates spurious variations in the non-linear relationship between firm performance and insider ownership, and industry adjustment generates more reliable estimates. This paper sheds light on the complex interplay among these various types of large investors.
Stepwise regression and principal component analyses for quantitative traits of rapeseed genotypes at different sowing dates
Authors: Rameeh Valiollah
Published: February 2017

The present research was done to assess the best selection criteria for yield
improvement in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) using stepwise regression and
principal component analyses at different sowing dates. All the traits except
1000-seed weight were significantly affected by sowing dates. The results of
stepwise regression analysis revealed that seeds per pod had an important
role at the first and second sowing dates, but at the third and fourth sowing
dates, pods per plant and days to flowering were more important than other
yield components for a seed yield prediction model. On the basis of a
cumulative percent of variation, three principal components (PCs) were
determined for each sowing date. The cumulative percentages of variation for
three PCs at the first to fourth sowing dates were 0.97, 0.96, 0.89 and 0.95,
respectively. At the first sowing date, the first principal component (PC1)
had high positive and negative PC loading values for the studied traits such
as days to flowering, days to the end of flowering, duration of flowering,
pods per plant and harvest index. Therefore, there was high variation in
these traits among the genotypes. PC2 of the first sowing date had also high
PC loadings for pods on the main raceme, seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight,
biological and seed yields, therefore the correlation of these traits with
this PC will be high. In PC3 of the first sowing date, height, pods on the
main raceme and pods per plant had the high value of PC loadings. Based on
stepwise regression analysis, seeds per pod at the first and second sowing
dates and days to flowering and pods per plant at the third and fourth sowing
dates had an important role for improving seed yield.
Studying rainfall changes and water erosion of soil by using the WEPP model in Lattakia, Syria
Authors: Mohammed Safwan , Kbibo Issa , Alshihabi Omran , Mahfoud Elien
Published: February 2017

Changes of soil erosion and rainfall have been simulated by using the Water
Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model between 2016 and 2039 in Lattakia,
Syria. This study was conducted in 6 locations that are characterized by two
different ecosystems (agricultural, forest). The results show a linear
decrease in rainfall amount of about 7.11 mm per year (170 mm for the whole
studying period). For the years 2025, 2026 and 2030, three snowy storm events
have been predicted, while the year 2030 will record the highest rainfall
amount of 1816.1 mm. According to the WEPP model, the average of estimated
soil erosion amount in Alhamara has reached 19 t/ha/y for the agricultural
system while it is estimated to be 2.03 t/ha/y for the forest system. The
general average of soil erosion in the study area (taking into consideration
the variety of slope) within the agricultural system has reached 14.086
t/ha/y, which indicates that there will be a dangerous impact of future
erosion on the sustainability of natural sources (soil, water) in the study
area.
Auditor Reverse-Merger Expertise: Evidence from Chinese Reverse-Merger Companies
Authors: Mao Juan , Yin Qin Jennifer
Published: February 2017

This study investigates if hiring auditors with Chinese reverse-merger expertise affected 182 Chinese companies that executed reverse mergers with U.S. shell companies from 2003 to 2011 to become U.S. publicly traded companies (Chinese reverse-merger companies, or CRM companies). We find that CRM companies that employ CRM-expert auditors pay higher audit fee premiums, and are more likely to up-list to national exchanges, when they are compared to CRM companies with non-CRM-expert auditors. Additional analyses suggest that clients of CRM experts also are more likely to file annual financial reports on time, but CRM-expert auditors are not associated with fewer misstatements in financial reporting or continued trading on national exchanges. This suggests that CRM-specialist auditors help clients navigate regulatory requirements for up-listing, but they do not achieve improved financial reporting quality.
Camber Angle Inspection for Vehicle Wheel Alignments
Authors: Young Jieh-Shian , Hsu Hong-Yi , Chuang Chih-Yuan
Published: February 2017

This paper introduces an alternative approach to the camber angle measurement for vehicle wheel alignment. Instead of current commercial approaches that apply computation vision techniques, this study aims at realizing a micro-control-unit (MCU)-based camber inspection system with a 3-axis accelerometer. We analyze the precision of the inspection system for the axis misalignments of the accelerometer. The results show that the axes of the accelerometer can be aligned to the axes of the camber inspection system imperfectly. The calibrations that can amend these axis misalignments between the camber inspection system and the accelerometer are also originally proposed since misalignments will usually happen in fabrications of the inspection systems. During camber angle measurements, the x-axis or z-axis of the camber inspection system and the wheel need not be perfectly aligned in the proposed approach. We accomplished two typical authentic camber angle measurements. The results show that the proposed approach is applicable with a precision of ± 0.015 ∘ and therefore facilitates the camber measurement process without downgrading the precision by employing an appropriate 3-axis accelerometer. In addition, the measured results of camber angles can be transmitted via the medium such as RS232, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi.
Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) in Southern Africa: Research Trends, Challenges and Insights on Sustainable Management Options
Authors: Machekano Honest , Mvumi Brighton , Nyamukondiwa Casper
Published: February 2017

The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is a global economic pest of brassicas whose pest status has been exacerbated by climate change and variability. Southern African small-scale farmers are battling to cope with increasing pressure from the pest due to limited exposure to sustainable control options. The current paper critically analysed literature with a climate change and sustainability lens. The results show that research in Southern Africa (SA) remains largely constrained despite the region’s long acquaintance with the insect pest. Dependency on broad-spectrum insecticides, the absence of insecticide resistance management strategies, climate change, little research attention, poor regional research collaboration and coordination, and lack of clear policy support frameworks, are the core limitations to effective DBM management. Advances in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) technologies and climate-smart agriculture (CSA) techniques for sustainable pest management have not benefitted small-scale horticultural farmers despite the farmers’ high vulnerability to crop losses due to pest attack. IPM adoption was mainly limited by lack of locally-developed packages, lack of stakeholders’ concept appreciation, limited alternatives to chemical control, knowledge paucity on biocontrol, climate mismatch between biocontrol agents’ origin and release sites, and poor research expertise and funding. We discuss these challenges in light of climate change and variability impacts on small-scale farmers in SA and recommend climate-smart, holistic, and sustainable homegrown IPM options propelled through IPM-Farmer Field School approaches for widespread and sustainable adoption.
Les maisons à cour des IIIe-IIe s. av. J.-C. à Lattes : émergence d’une différenciation dans l’habitat indigène
Authors: Dietler Michael , Kohn Alison , Moya i Garra Andreu , Rivalan André
Published: February 2017

Abstract. A discovery of major importance revealed by the recent excavations at the site of Lattes is the existence of a series of houses built around a central courtyard. These courtyard houses, which date to the 3rd and 2nd centuries B. C., represent a significant departure in form and size from the traditional norm of 1-4 room houses arranged in linear blocks. However, they also show strong continuities with local cultural traditions in terms of the internal organization of rooms, techniques and materials of construction, and patterns of consumption. This article provides a brief summary description of the six courtyard houses that have been at least partially excavated at Lattes to date, situates them within a regional context, and gives a preliminary assessment of their significance for understanding transformations of social relations and cultural dispositions.
Toutatis chez les Arvernes : les graffiti à Totates du bourg routier antique de Beauclair (communes de Giat et de Voingt, Puy-de-Dôme)
Authors: Clémençon Bernard , Ganne Pierre M.
Published: February 2017

Der Fundplatz Beauclair ist eine antike Straßensiedlung der Civitas der Averner an der Grenze zur Civitas der Lemoviken. Er liegt an der Agrippa-Straße nach Aquitanien und wird von einer Anhöhe beherrscht, auf der am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts ein Heiligtum entdeckt wurde. Doch erst in den 1950er Jahren wurde einer der Tempel von Georges Charbonneau, einem einheimischen Gelehrten, ausgegraben. Die fünf in diesem Artikel behandelten Graffiti mit der Inschrift Totates wurden von ihm entdeckt. Bisher hatten diese Weihinschriften keine Beachtung gefunden. Deren (Wieder) entdeckung liefert einen Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Pantheons der Civitas der Averner zur Kaiserzeit.
Highly bulky and stable geometry-constrained iminopyridines: Synthesis, structure and application in Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling of aryl chlorides
Authors: Lai Yi , Zong Zhijian , Tang Yujie , Mo Weimin , Sun Nan , Hu Baoxiang , Shen Zhenlu , Jin Liqun , Sun Wen-hua , Hu Xinquan
Published: February 2017

A series of bulky geometry-constrained iminopyridylpalladium chlorides were developed. The steric environment adjacent to the nitrogen atom in the pyridine rings and diimine parts enhanced the thermal stability of the palladium species. Bulkier groups at the imino group stabilized the palladium species and the corresponding palladium chlorides showed high activities in the coupling reaction of aryl chlorides.