bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Dynamic Simulations of Diffusion Behavior of Diesel Cold Start Emissions
Authors: Deng Yuan Wang , Yin Liang , Han Wei
Published: September 2013

Hydrocarbon trap is an effective way to solve the diesel cold start emissions. Zeolites used as hydrocarbon adsorbents are paid more and more attention. In order to study the diffusion of diesel cold start emissions in zeolites, molecular dynamics(MD) in canonical ensemble are employed to simulate the diffusion of ethylene and propylene in MCM-22 in different ways, the mean square displacement (MSD) plot, diffusion coefficient for pure and mixed components are obtained-. The simulation results show that, propylene (C3H6) and ethylene (C2H4) have different diffusion coefficients in MCM22 zeolite at the same temperature; for the same gas, it also has different diffusion coefficients at different temperatures. In addition, the diffusion coefficient increases with temperature rise, thus temperature rise is beneficial to accelerate diffusion process.
Experimental Investigation about Rinse Water Consumption of a CIP Process Applied to a Shell and Tube Exchanger
Authors: Melero Valdir , Dos Santos Gedraite Estevao , Kunigk Leo , Vieira Patricia Angelica , Malagoni Ricardo Amâncio , Sislian Rodrigo , Coutinho Filho Ubirajara , Gedraite Rubens , Augusto Sergio Ribeiro
Published: September 2013

This paper focused the CIP (clean in place) rinse stage, typically applied to the food industry. The dynamic behavior of residuals removal kinetics was studied, to obtain mathematical models that describe adequately the system. The optimization of water, detergent, etc., is the next goal. The obtained results show that the temperature influence can be neglected in comparison with the rinse water flow rate considering the cleaning process. The systems dynamics are non linear and were adequately represented by 1st order plus dead time transfer functions. The flow models obtained with this paper were validated versus experimental data and the results were close with respect to the last ones.
Research on Optimizing Magnetic Memory Testing Parameters Based on the Criteria of Maximum Component Change of Magnetic Field
Authors: Yang Chang Jiang , Li Zhu Xin , Liao Zi Jun , Gong Li Hong
Published: September 2013

For the reasearch of magnetic memory testing parameters on the effect of magnetic memory testing signals, the method of uniform design experiment is used to arrange test, by the decision criteria of the maximum component change of magnetic field, the mathematical model is established based on the test result, quantify the influence of the magnetic memory testing parameters, and optimal regression equations are verified through the test results, and achieve the optimization of test parameters, the results for the determination of magnetic memory testing parameters and the range of choice to provide theoretical reference, and improve the reproducibility of test results.
Evaluation of Land Surface Temperature Retrieved from MODIS Data
Authors: Yang Xiao Feng , Wen Xing Ping
Published: September 2013

Land surface temperature (LST) is important factor in global climate change studies, radiation budgets estimating, city heat and others. In this paper, land surface temperature of Guangzhou metropolis was retrieved from two MODIS imageries obtained at night and during the day respectively. Firstly, pixel values were calibrated to spectral radiances according to parameters from header files. Then, the brightness temperature was calculated using Planck function. Finally, The brightness temperature retrieval maps were projected and output. Comparing two brightness temperature retrieval maps, it is concluded that the brightness temperature retrieval are more accurate at night than during the day. Comparing the profile line of brightness temperature from north to south, the brightness temperature increases from north to south. Temperature different from north to south is larger at night than during the day. The average temperature nears 18°C at night and the average temperature nears 26°C during the day, which is consistent with the surface temperature observed by automatic weather stations.
Discussion on High-Quality Curriculum Construction of Welded Structure in Local Comprehensive Universities
Authors: Sun Yi Hua , You Min , Yu Hai Zhou , Huang Cai Hua
Published: September 2013

The curriculum construction is a very important work leading to the excellent course. Welded Structure (including 40 class hours) is one of main and compulsory course for the major of Material Molding and Control Engineering in our university. It is very important and necessary to construct the course in time. Based on the project of High Quality Curriculum Construction for Welded Structure undertaken by the authors, this paper makes a discussion on the original ideas, goals and contents, strategies and measures of the project. Meanwhile, the course construction and reform of Welded Structure are introduced from following aspects, such as curriculum setting, teaching contents and methods, teaching staffs, teaching quality management and supervision, online teaching resource construction. The purpose of the paper is to provide beneficial references and experiences to facilitate the further curriculum construction and reform in higher school.
Study on Properties of Wollastonite Micro Fiber Reinforced Mortar
Authors: Deng Xiao , Yang Wen , Liu Xiao Qin , Cheng Bao Jun , Liu Tong
Published: September 2013

The paper carried out comparative studies on the workability, mechanical properties and chloride permeation resistance of wollastonite micro fiber mortar and alkali resistant glass fiber（ARGF） mortar. The results show that the mechanical properties and chloride permeation resistance of wollastonite micro fiber mortar improve significantly. The mechanical properties of wollastonite micro fiber mortar have greater advance in 90°C humidity. The SEM analysis results show that wollastonite micro fiber can form three-dimensional skeleton in the mortar, and combine closely with cement hydration products. This can make the structure of hardened paste denser and lead to excellent properties of mortar. Meanwhile, the compressive strength of wollastonite micro fiber mortar with wollastonite micro fiber content 30%(by mass) is close to ARGF mortar with ARGF content 1.5% (in volume), but the chloride permeation resistance of wollastonite micro fiber mortar is much better.
Research on Value Assessment System of Educational Cloud
Authors: Wang Ya Fei , Feng Bin , Peng Jiu Sheng
Published: September 2013

In the era of cloud computing, cloud computing with mass storage sharing, rapid data processing and other advantages has been widely used in the field of education. The Educational cloud systems will play an important role in the development of education informatization. This paper selects educational cloud systems as the research subject, based on the status quo of educational cloud, and builds up a value assessment system to provide quantifiable and operational standards for the educational cloud systems, with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. This paper further proposes program and process recommendations for educational cloud systems in order to elevate its value and efficiency.
Research on SMD Capacitor for RF Protection of SCB Initiators
Authors: Zhou Bin , Ren Gang , Li Yong , Chen Fei , Jia Xin
Published: September 2013

According to the radio frequency effect mechanism, the performances of SMD capacitor used for RF protection of SCB initiators were studied theoretically and experimentally. The 99.9% firing RF power of SCB initiators without any protection is 14.15W, but none of SCB initiators in parallel with SMD capacitor fired at 20W. The results of capacitor discharge experiment indicate that SMD capacitor has no influences on electrical explosive performances of SCB initiators. Its RF protection capability for SCB initiators of SMD capacitor was tested by RF sensitivity experiment, and the results show that it could significantly reduce the RF sensitivity of SCB initiators when in parallel with appropriate SMD capacitor.
Finite Element Analysis for the Effect of Weak Interface on the Ratcheting of Particle Reinforced Composites
Authors: Yan Ya Le , Zhang Juan , Guo Su Juan
Published: September 2013

The deformation behavior of particulate reinforced metal matrix composites (PRMMCs) under monotonic and cyclic loadings was simulated by FEA method. Base on the cohesive zone model, the effect of the interface between particle and matrix was considered. Then, the finite element simulation of the PRMMCs with an ideal interface and weak interface was compared with corresponding experimental results. It is shown that: with a weak interface been considered in the finite element simulations, the resistance of PRMMCs to the ratcheting strain was reduced, which gets more closed to the experimental results.
Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes Doped TiO2/Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics Hybrid Materials
Authors: Bai Ling Yun , Jiang Long Fa , Chen Yao
Published: September 2013

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) doped TiO2/glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP) hybrid materials were prepared by first step sol-gel and then hand lay-up method, using modified CNTs doped tetrabutyl titanate as precursor. The results showed that TiO2component as the inorganic material, could improve the high temperature stability of the GRP, and the latticework structure of the hybrid material could disperse the CNTs well and prevented them from gathering at high temperature.
Effect of Carbon Black on the Properties of Polyimide Foams
Authors: Wang Lian Cai , Jiu Yong Bin , Zhai Yu , Cao Wei , Zhai Tong , Zeng Xin Miao
Published: September 2013

Polyimide foams (PIF) contained carbon black were prepared from polyimide precursors by inflation process. The structure, compressive strength and heat-resistance of the PIF were studied. The FT-IR results confirmed the successful synthesis of PIF.Tgvalue of PIF with different content carbon black was over 255°C.With the increasing of carbon black content,Tgof PIF decreased. PIF decomposition temperature (Td5%) was higher than 540°C,while the compression strength of PIF about 0.12MPa with low content carbon black.
Research on the Effect of Superfine Powder Micro Bead on the Properties of High-Strength Concrete
Authors: Lin Xi , Ji Xi Xian , Yin Xin Bo , Zhang Heng Chun
Published: September 2013

A sub-micron spherical powder material-micro bead, which has good water reduction, filling and enhancement effect, could be used as active mineral admixture in high-strength concrete. The affection of micro bead on the hydration temperature rise, mechanical properties, and shrinkage properties of high-strength concrete were studied, and the results showed that: micro bead could reduce the highest temperature peak of concrete, and at the low water-cement ratio, its small dosage could develop the compressive strength of concrete, and after instead of silica fume with suitable dosage, it could reduce the shrinkage of high-strength concrete.
The Research on Early Age Deformation of Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete
Authors: Zhang Shou Zhi , Yao Ting , Tian Qian , Guo Fei
Published: September 2013

Measuring techniques for vertical deformation and horizontal deformation of concrete were introduced in the paper. Based on these techniques, concrete deformation about reference concrete and shrinkage-compensating concrete were studied. The results show that workability of concrete was almost not affected by expansive agent. Usually deformation testing began when the mold has been removed 24 hours after casting according to present standard, but the reaserch shows that the time of starting measurement has a little influence on deformation of reference concrete, while its vastly affected on those of shrinkage-compensating concrete with expansive agent. Thus, its essential to judge time-zero accurately for shrinkage-compensating concrete. Before final set, concrete is on the plastic stage when the concrete has no enough stiffness to store expansive energy, so the measurement results should be zeroed to the time of final set especially for concrete with expansive to evaluate expansive validity better.
Preparation of Novel Foaming Agent and its Application in Foam Concrete
Authors: Lin Dong , Zhao Qin , Hou Gui Ge , Zhao Juan Juan , Han Jing Tian
Published: September 2013

A novel foaming agent was prepared using animal hoof and horn as raw materials via calcium hydroxideas a catalyzer and the performanc of the product was measured. The results show that the expansion rate of foaming agent can be more than 20 times, and the stability of foaming is very excellent. The foaming agent was used for preparing foam concrete and the performanc of the foam concrete was also tested. The results show that the thermal conductivity can be kept between 0.055 and 0.234 W/(m·k), and the foam concrete possesses light masses, little density and well thermal insulation.
Influence of ZnO Powders on the Stability of the Foams Stabilized by Surfactants
Authors: Chen Chen , Ren Zhi Rong , He Juan , He Yong Jun
Published: September 2013

Foam is a thermodynamically unstable system, and the stability is the most important factor for the preparation and application of foams. In this paper, the effect of ZnO powders on the stability of the foams stabilized by sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (SDBS), hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and Polyethylene glycol tertoctyl phenyl ether (TritonX-100) was investigated. The results showed that ZnO powders have a synergistic effect with SDBS and CTAB. There is no synergy between ZnO powders and Triton X-100. The mechanism for the stabilizing effect of ZnO powders on the foams was discussed.
Controlled Synthesis of Different Morphologies of SrWO4 Crystals via a Surfactant-Assisted Hydrothermal Precipitation Method
Authors: Zhao Yan , Wu Chun Yan , Qin Dan , Lai Xin , Wu Si , Feng Hong , Li Tao , Gao Dao Jiang , Bi Jian , Xu Guang Liang
Published: September 2013

SrWO4 octahedrons, flowers, bundles, ellipsoids and dendrites had been successfully synthesized via surfactant-assisted method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photo-luminescent spectra techniques (PL) and fourier transrform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). By through various comparison experiments, it can be found that some related experimental parameters including the reagent concentration, [Sr2+]/[WO42-] molar ratio (R), aging temperature and the pH value had great influences on morphology of the products.
Effect of Grinding on the Photocatalytic Activity of Commercial ZnO Powder
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhou Qin , Kang Shi Zhao , Li Xiang Qing , Mu Jin
Published: September 2013

The effect of grinding on the photocatalytic activity of commercial ZnO powder was explored using methyl orange as a model pollutant and the corresponding mechanism was discussed tentatively. The results indicate that the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO powder grinded decreases obviously in comprison with that of the ZnO powder untreated. This phoenomenon might be ascribed to the decrease of surface defects of ZnO induced by grinding, suggesting that the further treatment leading to the change of surface states of ZnO powder as a photocatalyst ought to be avoided.
Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Microspheres
Authors: Jin Li , Zhang Jian Po , Yang Yan Yan , Zhang Huan , Lou Da Wei
Published: September 2013

Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified by a certain amount of oleic acid under in-situ processing were synthesized by precipitation method through dropwise adding aqueous solution of ammonia to mixed solution of Fe (II) and Fe (III) salts. Furthermore, Fe3O4/PMMA magnetic polymer microspheres were prepared by the emulsion polymerization method, which properties were characterized by the infrared spectrum, thermogravimetry analysis and scanning electron microscopy.
Magnetic Correction of Materials with Weak Magnetism Signals
Authors: Gu Jian Jun , Yang Wei , Qi Yun Kai , Yang Shu Min
Published: September 2013

For studies of the magnetic characterization of materials with weak magnetism signals, an improved magnetic correction method is proposed to subtract the signal arising from the substrate. The magnetic moment error arising from fitting the data and the system measurement error have been calculated. The influence of nonlinearM-Hcurves for the substrates has been analyzed and compared with the traditional method of subtracting the substrate signal. Standards determining the presence of ferromagnetism in materials with weak magnetism signals are suggested. The improved magnetic correction method provides a criterion for clarifying confusion in the characterization of materials with weak magnetism signals.
Core-Shell Structured Nanocomposites with Electromagnetic Properties
Authors: Wang Xi Chang , Li Xin
Published: September 2013

The electromagnetic nanocomposites with a core-shell structure are synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. The Co doped Fe3O4magnetic particles (Co-Fe3O4) act as the core and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (sodium-p-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) as the conductive polymer shells. The morphology, structure, crystallinity, conductive and magnetic properties were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), four-probe conductivity meter and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It is found that the core-shell nanocomposites exhibit controllable electromagnetic properties by adjusting the molar ratio of Co-Fe3O4to EDOT monomer.
Isothermal Dehydriding Kinetics of Mg2NiH4 Prepared under an External Magnetic Field
Authors: Liu Jing
Published: September 2013

The Mg2NiH4hydrogen storage metal hydride was prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis under an external magnetic field. The dehydriding kinetics of the hydrides was measured under isotherm condition. The kinetics mechanism of Mg2NiH4materials was analyzed by model. The calculated results show that the theoretical calculation and the experimental data can reach a good agreement. The rate-controlling step is the diffusion of hydrogen atoms in the solid solution. The dehydriding activation energies of the sample synthesized under the optimized magnetic intensity of 6 T is 104 kJ/mol H2.
Fabric Selection of Thermal Underwear under Different Conditions
Authors: Yan Yu Xiu , Lu Ya Ping , Feng Yan Na , Tao Jian Wei , Jin Zi Min
Published: September 2013

This paper selected 10 kinds of fabrics of thermal underwear, which are the representatives on the market; carried out tests on the fabric properties (thickness, density, the gram per square meter, etc.) and the fabric wearability (permeability, water vapor permeability, wicking height, insulation and antistatic properties, etc.); analyzed these data by using SPSS, finding out the factors which effect the warmth, moisture permeability, air permeability, etc, as well as the relationship between these factors. This article evaluated fabric wearability comprehensively by using concentrated reflection method and function value evaluation method to select the proper fabrics of thermal underwear under different conditions. The results of this research can be a good reference of thermal underwear fabric selection for enterprises.
Polyacrylonitrile-Based Activated Carbon Fiber/SnO2 Composites via Different Synthetic Methods
Authors: Zhang Xue Jun , Wang Su Qing , Tian Yan Hong , Li Ya Dong , Xu Xiao
Published: September 2013

Polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber (PAN-ACF)/SnO2 composites were synthesized by sol-gel and in-situ chemical synthesis method, respectively, and characterized by XRD, TGA, and SEM. The electrochemical properties of the resultant composites as negative electrodes in lithium-ion battery were also studied to investage the influence of different synthetic methods on the structure and electrochemical properties of the composites. The results show that the SnO2 in the composites prepared by both methods has a tetragonal rutile structure but the structure and electrochemical properties are different. With the similar composition, the composites prepared by in-situ method have uniform distribution of SnO2 particles, and exhibit better cyclic performance than those made by sol-gel method. The capacity of PAN-ACF/SnO2 composites with SnO2 content of 42.9% prepared by in-situ method remains 401.2 mAh g-1 after 50 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 50 mAh g-1.
Carbon Nanotubes Improves the Tribological Properties of Ni60/Al2O3 Coatings
Authors: Xiao Shu , Cheng Xi Yun , Ma De Gui
Published: September 2013

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was introduced into Ni60/Al2O3coating by flame spraying. The effect of adding CNTs on the tribological properties of the coating was studied by varying the CNTs content as 0.0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 wt% in the Ni60/Al2O3powders. The microhardness tester was used to measure the microhardness of the coating. Wear tests were performed on a pin-on-disk tribometer, to evaluate the tribological properties of the Ni60/Al2O3/CNTs coatings. Microstructural characterization was performed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Ni60/Al2O3/CNTs coatings revealed a lower wear rate and friction coefficient compared with the original coating, and their wear rates and friction coefficients showed a decreasing trend with increasing mass fraction of CNTs within the range from 0 to 3.0 wt% due to the effects of the reinforcement and reduced friction of CNTs. The results showed that the CNTs played dual roles in improving the tribological performance of the coating, indirectly by influencing the microstructure and mechanical properties of the coating and directly by acting as a lubricating medium.
Influence of Additives on Preparation of Aluminum Foam
Authors: Lin Hao , Luo Hong Jie , Sun Wei , Yao Guang Chun
Published: September 2013

Aluminum foam was fabricated by using powder compact metallurgy method. The variation of magnesium particle as the metal additive during sintering was investigated. The addition of SiC particles on the morphology of the foams was discussed. The results revealed that for the foamable precursor with magnesium powders (1wt.%) added, the diffusion boundary between magnesium and the matrix could be increased with extending the sintering time. It was thought that the viscosity of melt increased by adding SiC particles so that the coalescence among the pores during foaming was relieved. As a result, the stability of the aluminum foam would be increased during foaming.
Fracture Pressure Stimulation of Multi-Stage Horizontal well Fracturing with Several Perforating Clusters
Authors: Wang Song , Guo Xi Ran , Jiang You Shi , Liu Chang Yu , Li Yong Ming , Zhao Jin Zhou
Published: September 2013

Multi-stage horizontal well fracturing with several perforating clusters in each stage is an important completion technique in tight gas and shale gas reservoirs. Due to the stress field interference, different perforation parameters and unevenly distributed cluster distance lead to individual fracture pressure, which determines whether the clusters can all be initiated during the fracturing process. The ABAQUS software can be used to create the 3D finite element model of horizontal multi-stage fracturing with several clusters and to analyze the fracture pressure influenced by different parameter set of helix perforation, such as phase angle, tunnel diameter, tunnel depth and perforating density. Based on the results of perforation parameter analysis, the simulation method can be validated with actual treatment data from Jilin oil field.
Selection of Engineering Management University Internship Projects Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Zhao Jian Yu , Zhou Yi , Cai Xiao Yang
Published: September 2013

With the growing development of the society nowadays, the economic growth in China is also increasing fast, which deeply influences the decisions and options that university students make to plan for their future and to seek for the opportunities of the internship. This paper analyzes the attitude and the aims towards to internship for the university students, especially for those who major in engineering management, combining the actual cases analysis, this paper introduces the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to build the combination model named Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). It is applied to better selection of the internship for whom majoring in engineering management. The actual results show that it can solve such multi-factor, multi-level and uncertain decision making problems, which is of practical significance to the university students who are searching for the internship of engineering management.
An Improved DV-HOP on Weighted and Distributed Calculation Method
Authors: Lin Zhi Gui , Zhao Lin , Li Lin , Chen Zhen Xing , Wang Xi
Published: September 2013

In DV-HOP algorithm, the average one-hop distance is calculated by using the centralized calculation and broken line replacing straight line method. Thismethod causeslocalization errors.In view of the localization errors,we propose an improved DV-HOP on weighted and distributed calculation method (WD-DVHOP) in this paper. In the WD-DVHOP, we replace the centralized and distributed calculation method by a weighted calculation method.The distance between unknown nodes and anchor nodes is calculated by a method, which the average one-hop distance of each anchor node multiplies by hops count between unknown nodes and anchor node.Simulation result shows that average localization error is reduced in the WD-DVHOP, in case of less anchor nodes and smaller communication radius.
Training Sequence Design Based on Channel Estimation
Authors: Meng Xin , Wang Ruo Mei , Ma She Xiang
Published: September 2013

Channel estimation is an important research direction in wireless communications; channel estimation based on the training sequence is the most commonly used method. Different training sequence is very different from the performance of channel estimation, in order to improve channel estimation accuracy. This paper analyzes the common m sequence and from the optimal channel estimated performance point design of applicable in any given length of sequence. The sequence, respectively, under the traditional channel estimated algorithm and based on compressed sensing to channel estimation algorithm has the criterion of Minimum Mean Square Error. Meanwhile, the sequence obtained after the demodulated training sequence through different modulation systems are different, so as to have greater flexibility.
The Removal of Rubber Particles from Skim Rubber Latex by Batch Adsorption Technique Using Organoclay
Authors: Nampitch Tarinee , Magaraphan Rathanawan
Published: September 2013

Clay modified with organic surfactant, DDA-MMT, Closite 15A, 20A, and 25A, act as effective adsorbent in organic wastewater applications. Due to the inorganic character of MMT, the organic adsorption ability of MMT was improved by replacing the exchangeable cation. The experiment was tested using wastewaters from removal of skim NR from concentrated NR industry. The ability to remove organic contaminants from aqueous solution, based on different molecular structures of organically modified clays, was evaluated using UV/VIS spectroscopy, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biological oxygen demand (BOD). In addition, other quality indicators of wastewater and product were measured before and after the treatment with coagulating method.
Lightweight Concrete Incorporating Waste Expanded Polystyrene
Authors: Herki B.A. , Khatib Jamal M.
Published: September 2013

This paper covers the results of an experimental investigation on mechanical and durability properties of concrete containing waste polystyrene based lightweight aggregate called Stabilised Polystyrene (SPS) as a partial replacement of natural aggregates. The properties investigated in this paper were water absorption by capillary action and total absorption, compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). The composite aggregate was formed with 80% waste polystyrene which was shredded to different sizes, 10% of a natural additive to improve the resistance to segregation and 10% Portland cement. The natural fine aggregate were replaced with 0%, 30%, 60% and 100% (by volume) of SPS. There was an increasing in water absorption and a decreasing in compressive strength and UPV with the increase in SPS aggregate content in concrete.
Disk-Shaped Colloids: The Synthesis and Applications of ZrP Crystals
Authors: Cheng Zheng Dong , Shuai Min , Mejia Andres , Li Hua Wei , Shi Zeng Kai , Ai Jiao Yan , Zhou Wei , Chen Ying
Published: September 2013

We performed systematic experiments on the synthesis of layered crystal α-ZrP and revealed the control of size, aspect ratio and size polydispersity of disk-shaped crystals. The growth of the disks is mediated by oriented attachment, taking place continuously throughout the hydrothermal treatment between various sized disks. The master of the synthesis of layered crystals will contribute to various applications such as the nanocomposites and liquid crystals.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (1E,2E)-1,2-Di (-3-Nitrobenzylidene) Hydrazine under Micromave Irradiation
Authors: Zhou Hong Yan
Published: September 2013

A compound of (1E,2E)-1,2-di (-3-nitrobenzylidene) hydrazine was synthesized under microwave irradiation (500 w), giving high yields of products (93%). Its structure was determined IR, 1H NMR, MS, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The crystal of the compound is Monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n with a = 6.9611(18), b = 7.823(2), c = 12.999(3) Å, α = 90, β = 105.215(4), γ = 90o, V= 683.1(3) Å3, Z=4, Dc=1.450g/cm3,μ=0.110 mm-1, F(000)=308, R=0.0401 and wR = 0.1131 for 1273 observed reflection with I>2σ (I). π-π stacking interactions contribute to the stability of the structure.
Improving Oil well Cement Slurry Performance Using Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose Polymer
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Irawan Sonny , Kumar Sandeep , Elrayah Ahmed A.I.
Published: September 2013

At present, high temperature oil wells are known as the most problematic for cementing operation due to limitations of polymer. The polymers are significantly used as mutlifunctional additives for improving the properties of cement slurry. At high temperature, viscosity of polymer decreases and unable to obtained desired properties of cement slurry. It becomes then major cause of fluid loss and gas migration during cementing operations. Thus, it necessitates for polymers that can able to enhance viscosity of slurry at elevated temperatures. This paper is aiming to study Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) polymer at high temperature that is able to increase the viscosity at elevated temperature. In response, experiments were conducted to characterize rheological properties of HPMC at different temperatures (30 to 100 °C). Then it was incorporated as multifunctional additive in cement slurry for determining API properties (fluid loss, free water, thickening time and compressive strength). It was observed that HPMC polymer has remarkable rheological properties that can have higher viscosity with respect to high temperatures. The best concentration of HPMC was found from 0.30 to 0.50 gallon per sack. This concentration showed minimal fluid loss, zero free water, high compressive strength and wide range of thickening time in cement slurry. The results signified that HPMC polymer is becoming multifunctional additive in cement slurry to improve the API properties of cement slurry and unlock high temperature oil wells for cementing operations.
Alkali-Activated Matrix Based on Metakaoline with Lightweight Aggregate
Authors: Válek Jaroslav , Novosad Petr , Bodnárová Lenka
Published: September 2013

The paper focuses on design and verification of mix-design of lightweight concrete with alkali-activated matrix with lightweight aggregate Liapor. Alkali-activated matrix was designed on the basis of ground metakaoline and micronized limestone. Mixes of concrete with alkali-activated matrix and lightweight porous aggregate Liapor of size fraction 8 mm were designed and their rheological and physico-mechanical properties were tested. To reduce shrinkage and to increase resistance to high temperatures, dispersed polypropylene fiber reinforcement was used and testing specimens made from this concrete with alkali-activated matrix were exposed to thermal load and tested.
Effects of Variations in Annealing Temperature and Annealing Time on the Spectral and Solid State Properties of Nickel Oxide (NiO) Thin Films
Authors: Osuwa J.C. , Onyejiuwa G.I.
Published: September 2013

Chemical bath deposited nickel oxide (NiO) thin film samples were grown at room temperature of 30 °C on glass substrates. Samples k1, k2, and k3 were annealed for one hour at temperatures of 100 °C, 200 °C and 300 °C respectively, while as grown sample k4 served as a reference. A second set of samples k5, k7, and k8 were annealed at a constant temperature of 300 °C for time durations of 1H, 2H and 3H respectively, with as grown sample k6 as a reference. The spectral absorbance, transmittance and reflectance of all the thermally treated thin film samples were measured with a spectrophotmeter (D model Avantes Spec 2048 version 7.0) in the UV-VIS-NIR region of 300-900 nm wavelength. The results show distinctive variations in all the spectral properties for different combinations of annealing time and temperature, each starting at a threshold wavelength of 300 nm and ending with a distinctive minimum or maximum value. Deduced graphical values of the refractive index also show distinctive variations. For annealing time of 3 hours at a temperature of 300 °C, the results produced symmetric reflectance and symmetric refractive index with maximum values of 8% and 0.293 occurring at 500 nm wavelength and photon energy of 2.5 eV respectively. Direct transition band gap energy obtained for all the samples lie between 3.68-3.84 eV. The results reported in this paper clearly indicate that optimum combinations of production parameters of nickel oxide thin films can yield specific values of the properties for specific applications.
Research on Analysis of Linear Texture
Authors: Liu Chang , Li Xiao Cen
Published: September 2013

Fourier transform phase angle carries shape information of image, statistics phase angles of all pixels will reflect the image shape characteristics. According to this theory, for study the relationship between image texture and papermaking method, a novel method for description linear image texture was proposed, and experiments were carried out. The experiments showed that the new method achieved texture feature extraction, suitable for handmade paper microscopic image analysis.
Conflict Modeling and Analysis of Agent Federation-Based Rapid Design for Electric Motor
Authors: Ying Bai
Published: September 2013

By analyzing the process of Agent Federation-Based rapid design for electric motor in depth, Petri Net is introduced to model and analyze the task conflict, design conflict, resource conflict and cost conflict at each stage of rapid design. Analyzing the model of coordination conflict, and we can make reasoning through the Fuzzy Petri Net in the process of coordination. The model adequately describes the dynamic behavior of multiple factors such as task allocation, design coupled and resource coordination, a task allocation framework designed to generate drawings for the rapid design of Agent Federation, providing a design framework which is from task allocation to generate drawings for Agent Federation-based rapid design.
Influences of Machining Parameters on Electrode Wear in Piezoelectric Self-Adaptive Micro-EDM
Authors: Fu Xiu Zhuo , Gao Li Ying , Zhang Qin He
Published: September 2013

To resolve such problems as higher electrode wear and low machining efficiency of micro-EDM, a new piezoelectric self-adaptive micro electrical discharge machining system (PSMEDM), based on inverse piezoelectric effect, was developed in this paper. In this new system, a piezoelectric actuator with high frequency response was applied as the micro feeding system to regulate the discharge gap. The machining mechanism and machining process were elaborated. The paper focus on the planning of PSMEDM process and the electrode wear problem. Special attention is paid on the influence of machining parameters such as open voltage, capacitance, resistance, spindle rotational speed and initial feed speed on machining efficiency by using signal to noise analysis method based on orthogonal experiment.
Analysis of Rail Traffic Measured Vibration Based on Hilbert-Huang Transform
Authors: Pei Qiang , Chen Yan
Published: September 2013

The effective measures to solve the urban traffic problem is the development of urban rail transit, but its ambient noise and vibration problems have prompted a strong reaction, restricting the development of rail transport undertakings. Observations on Beijing rail traffic of the 13th line Huoying-Huilongguan segment of vibration signals analysis, and we can get the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) of the measured vibration signals through the HHT method, we also can analysis of the Hilbert-Huang time-frequency spectrum, the marginal energy spectrum and the instantaneous energy spectrum. Study the propagation of vibration along the ground, in order to predict the vibration level along the track. Though the analysis we find that the vertical vibration level is much higher than the level of vibration, the analysis should be mainly based on vertical vibration, the environmental vibration level is gradually attenuated with the increasing of the distance away from the track centerline.
The Effect of Piston Skirt Profile on EHD Lubrication in an Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Ahmed Kellaci , Benyoucef Khelidj , Redha Mazouzi , Mourad Lounis
Published: September 2013

This investigation is concerned with the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of the piston skirt / cylinder link of an internal combustion engine. In such compliant structures, the thickness of the lubricant film depends not only on the elastic deformation elements of the mechanism but also on their profiles. We have developed a computer program to study the effect of the profile of the piston skirt on the lubricant film. This program is based on a two-dimensional description of the lubricant film flow and a three-dimensional deformation of solids. The Reynolds equation defines the behavior of hydrodynamic film of oil in the liaison piston skirt / cylinder, and the equations of static and elastic equilibrium quantify the behavior of the structure. These Equations are solved numerically by using the finite differences method.
Structural and Electrical Properties of Network Ni Films Sputter-Deposited at 300 K and 573 K
Authors: Zou Guo Shou , Qiu Hong , Hu Bing
Published: September 2013

80nm-thick network Ni films were sputter-deposited on anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) substrates at 300 K and 573 K. The network films are formed by granule connection. The granule consists of many fine grains. Both granule size and grain size are independent of the deposition temperature. A temperature dependence of the resistance within 1.6-300 K reveals that the network Ni film grown at 300 K exhibits a minimal resistance at about 25 K while that grown at 573 K does not show a minimal resistance. A temperature coefficient of resistance of the network film grown at 573 K is larger than that of the film grown at 300 K.
A Region-Growing Adaptation-Based Algorithm for the Smart Detection of Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Lin Tsun Kuo
Published: September 2013

This study proposes an adaptive region-growing-based method that efficiently detects remote sensing images. To achieve efficient classification, the pixels in the regions produced by the region-growing procedure are used to classify various objects. An adaptive algorithm based on the proposed efficient classification method can automatically detect the remote images through Wi-Fi. Experiments show that the adaptive region-growing algorithm can achieve smart detection. The proposed method achieves better results than existing methods.
Technical Economic Analysis of Bioethanol
Authors: Lan Lan , He Qing , Liu Qiang , Zhao Xiao Tong
Published: September 2013

Development and utilization of renewable energy alternative to traditional fossil energy is the most effective solutions to global energy crisis and sustainable development. According to theory of technical economic analysis, the technology and energy efficiency of bioethanol to produce liquid fuel was discussed and analysis by life cycle assessment, including production, greenhouse gas emission, as well as economic and social impacts. On this basis, according to the conditions and requirements of Chinese economic and social development, the policies and measures that should be taken by research, application and research priorities of bioethanol technology in China is proposed.
Effect of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Cellulose Acetate Microporous Membrane Performance
Authors: Xie Ya Jie , Wang Zhuan , Hu Wan Peng , Xu Song , Ding Lin Lin
Published: September 2013

The hydrophilic and mechanical strength of the cellulose acetate microporous membrane (CAMM) were improved by dealt with TiO2 nanoparticles, which were obtained by adding a super dispersant into TiO2-aqueous dispersion. The influence of such factors as temperature, processing time and TiO2 concentration on adsorption amount of CAMM were investigated. The experiment data indicated that water flux of the modified CAMM increased with the increase of the TiO2 adsorption amount. It suggested that hydrophilic of the CAMM was improved than that of blank. Experiments data also showed that the modified CAMM was better in mechanical strength but was weaker in elastic deformation than those of the blank. Water flux stability of the modified CAMM has improved significantly. Better modified conditions are as follows:TiO2 concentration 0.1mol·L-1,temperature 35°C, processing time 6h, and adsorption amount 9.708mg/g.
Preparation and Characterization of Chelerythrine Nanoparticles Composed of Magnetic Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Huang Yong , Zhou Zhi De , Liang Jin Tao , Li Gui Yin
Published: September 2013

In this study, chelerythrine nanoparticles composed of magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Fe3O4/MWNTs-CHE) were prepared by adsorption method with CHE as the model drug and Fe3O4/MWNTs nanocomposites as the drug carrier. Optimized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Zeta potential and in vitro drug release.The in vitro drug release profiles of Fe3O4/MWNTs-CHE nanoformulation exhibited a biphasic pattern with an initial fast release phase followed by a slower release phase. The CHE release profile from Fe3O4/MWNTs-CHE nanoparticles followed Korsmeyer-Peppas model with Fickian diffusion mechanism for drug release.
Membrane Fouling Mechanism and its Control in the Treatment of Brackish Water with Reverse Osmosis Process
Authors: Wang Jian Bing , Cheng Jun Yang , Shi Ting , Huang Qing , He Xu Wen
Published: September 2013

Brackish water was treated with reverse osmosis process. The fouling mechanism of RO and its control method was studied. In the treatment of brackish water, the salt removal efficiency was above 95% and the effluent quality was up to the standard for drinking water quality (GB5749-2006). The SDI of the influent of RO was less than 5 after the raw water was pretreated by the combination of coagulation and sedimentation process and filtration process, which met the demand of the water quality of the RO influent. If ultrafiltration was added, the water quality of the pre-treatment was better. Coagulation and precipitation was not very effective for the removal of dissolved organic compounds, especially for the removal of organic compounds with molecular amount ranging from 1000 to 10000. The formation of RO membrane fouling can be divided into five stages, which is membrane surface coarseness stage by inorganic substrate, organic compounds adsorption stage, organism adhesion stage, microbial film development stage, and irreversible membrane block stage. The membrane fouling was effectively alleviated by the strategy of first alkali solution cleaning and then acid solution cleaning.
Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Waste Trichromatic Fluorescent Phosphors
Authors: Wu Yu Feng , Li Rui Qing , Zhang Qi Jun , Wang Wei
Published: September 2013

Two methods, direct acid leaching, alkali fusion and acid leaching, were adopted to deal with the Waste Trichromatic Fluorescent Phosphors (WTFPs). The research results showed that using the direct acid leaching method can only dissolved the Red phosphors. And yet, high-temperature alkali fusion could effectively destroy the Mg-Al spinel structure of the components of the Blue and the Green phosphors, and make REEs dissolved completely. The acid leaching efficiency of REEs could reach 100% when the weight ratio of NaOH with WTFPs is 6:1, and the calcination temperature is 900 °C and the reaction time is 4 hrs.
Analysis of the Bacterial Community by 454 Pyrosequencing in Two Freshwater Lakes: Yangcheng Lake and Taihu Lake in China
Authors: Bai Fei , Zeng Si Yu , Li Dan , Li Yuan , He Miao
Published: September 2013

Have a good understanding of the bacterial community structure, especially the cyanobacteria composition, works for clarifying the overall process of harmful algae bloom in freshwater lakes. In this study, the 454 pyrosequencing method was used to investigate the bacterial community in two typical freshwater lakes of China: Yangcheng Lake and Taihu Lake. A total of 30,663 16S rRNA reads were generated from 9 samples and assigned to 3,547 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) which represented 18 recognized phyla. For Yangcheng Lake, the dominant species in both July and early September were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria. Taihu Lake had the same top three dominant phyla, but with smaller proportion of cyanobacteria. With regard to genus level of cyanobacteria, there were 5 genera which contained toxin-producing ones were identified in Yangcheng Lake, which manifested higher risk for long-term harmful algae injury. The constant level of cyanobacteria proportion from pre-bloom period to forthcoming period indicated that the proliferation of cyanobacteria quantity is more a sudden process not a gradual growth pattern. Only 3 genera were found in Taihu Lake and higher background amount of Microcystis in May of Taihu Lake made it more liable to suffer harmful algae bloom.
Study on Environment Evaluation with the Review of Approaching Degree in Fuzzy Recognition
Authors: Zhao Zhi Miao , Sun Li Na , Chen Su , Wang Hui
Published: September 2013

Nowadays, Environment Evaluation stands a hot spot in research, and a lot of scholars pay attention to this. In the paper, we have summarized to approaching degree by collecting literatures at home and abroad about environment evaluation. First of all, the paper introduces the definition, principle, formulas, procedures, characteristics of this method; secondly, we recommend examples about this method of the present stage in the domestic present situation of the application in different industries; finally, we put forward this methods evaluation and prospect for the future.
Surface Water Quality Assessment in Main Stream of Liaohe River
Authors: Wang Hui , Sun Li Na , Du Pan
Published: September 2013

The objective of this research was to study the surface water quality and evolution of surface water environment in Liaohe River main stream. Results showed that the surface water quality was declining along main stream. It was better in flood reason than others. It was best in Defudian monitoring station and worst in Shuguangdaqiao monitoring station. This research would significantly improve the understanding of the evolution of surface water environment in Liaohe River main stream.Keywords: water quality assessment; Liaohe River; membership function