bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of the development system optimization and increasing the efficiency of carbonate reserves extraction of the turney stage of the Chetyrmansky deposit
Authors:   «RN-BashNIPIneft» LLC, Ufa, Russia, Khisamiev T. R. , Bashirov I. R. ,   «Bashneft-Dobycha» LLC, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V. Sh. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kuleshova L. S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Yakupov R. F. ,   «Bashneft-Dobycha» LLC, Ufa, Russia, Vagizov A. M. ,   «RN-BashNIPIneft» LLC, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the issue of optimizing the development system and increasing the efficiency of carbonate deposits of the Tournaisian stage of the Chetyrmanskoye field developing, and the formation of a strategy for their additional development. As a result of the horizontal drilling, the rate of withdrawal from current recoverable reserves in the main area in terms of reserves increased from 0.3 to 5%, which confirms the high efficiency of horizontal wells drilling with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in reservoirs with high stratification and heterogeneity degree of the productive section in order to increase the rate of reserves production and achieve the approved oil recovery factor, as well as the high efficiency of the proposed methodological approach in the design of the facility development by a system of horizontal wells, the correct choice of the facility development strategy in the design solutions formation. Keywords: oil fields development; carbonate deposits; development of reserves; multi-stage hydraulic fracturing; horizontal well.
Filtering pore chanels distribution density in Western Siberia
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Akhmetov R. T. , Kuleshova L. S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Rabaev R. U. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Malyarenko A. M. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kobishcha D. I. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Akhmetshina D. I. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2022

It is well known that information on filter channels distribution density can be obtained based on the data of core samples capillary studies in laboratory conditions. The curve of the fractional participation of pore channels in filtration, as a rule, is obtained by numerical processing of the capillary studies results. In this study, using a generalized mathematical model of capillary curves, an analytical solution is obtained for filtration channels distribution density by size in the conditions of Western Siberia reservoirs. The work shows that the main share in the filtration is taken by pore channels, the sizes of which are close to the maximum value. The density function of the filtering channels is mainly determined by the maximum radius and heterogeneity of the pore channel size distribution. Keywords: capillary pressure curve; generalized model; distribution density; filtering channels.
Improving the carbonate reservoirs development efficiency on the example of the Tournaisian stage deposits
Authors:   «RN-BashNIPIneft» LLC, Ufa, Russia, Grishchenko V. A. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Pozdnyakova T. V. ,   «RN-BashNIPIneft» LLC, Ufa, Russia, Mukhamadiyev B. M. ,   «RN-BashNIPIneft» LLC, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Bakhtizin R. N. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kuleshova L. S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Yakupov R. F. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the issue of carbonate strata of complex geological structure development efficiency improving. Such facilities, as a rule, have deteriorated reservoir properties, parameter anisotropy and are complicated by secondary cavernosity. All of these factors affect the recovery efficiency and are often reflected in development indicators. On the example of Tournaisian stage deposits an example of a methodological approach to the development analysis which takes into consideration various geological factors is presented. As a result, various dependencies were obtained, which when taken into account determin the most promising areas in terms of development efficiency. The issues of the waterflooding system efficiency and the ways of its efficiency increasing are considered separately. Keywords: oil fields development; carbonate reservoirs; development efficiency; waterflooding system.
Prospects for the application of proppant hydraulic fracturing at Kashiro-Verey operational facilities Volga-Ural oil and gas province
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia, Galkin S. V. , Savitckii Ia. V. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia, Kolychev I. Ju. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia, Votinov A. S. ,   Perm PermNIPIneft branch of «LUKOIL-Engineering» LLC in Perm, Perm, Russia
Published: January 2022

The geological structure of Kashiro-Verey carbonate deposits is considered on the example of one of the deposits of the Perm Region. By combining geophysical studies of wells, standard and tomographic studies of core, the following lithotypes of carbonate rocks were identified: highly porous cavernous, layered heterogeneous porous, heterogeneous fractured porous, dense. It was found that for heterogeneous lithotypes, the porosity estimate in the volume of the permeable part of the rocks significantly exceeds 7%. Experiments on the destruction of rocks were carried out for the selected lithotypes. As a result, it was found that cracks do not form for samples of the cavernous lithotype at a compression pressure of 20 MPa. For a compacted lithotype, already at a compression pressure of more than 10 MPa, an intensive development of fracturing occurs. As a result of multiaxial loading of cores, which can be considered as analogous fracturing of the formation, wide fractures are formed, along which filtration of fluids can occur. Keywords: proppant hydraulic fracturing; X-ray tomography of the core; porosity; permeability; fractured reservoir; oil deposit; carbonate deposits.
Study of modern options for using combinations of gasflooding and traditional waterflooding (water-gas influence and its alternative)
Authors:   Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University), Moscow, Russia, Irani M. М. , Telkov V. P. ,   Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University), Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2022

Water-gas influence (WGI) is an oil recovery method improving displacement ratio, sweep efficiency and adjusting the alignment of displacement. This study is a review of the traditional WAG methods (Immiscible WAG, Hybrid WAG, Simultaneous WAG and Selective Simultaneous WAG), including with stabilizing surfactants, WAG. We also consider such sparsely used methods as: SSWAG, FAWAG, CWAG, TWAG, VR-WAG, Up- and Down-dip WAG, HC-WAG, PAG, SAG, WASP, LSW WAG, LSASF, SMSW-AGF and others. The advantages and disadvantages of these tools are considered. Keywords: water-gas influence (WGI); WAG; SWAG; enhanced oil recovery; APG utilization.
Gaya Kepemimpinan Lurah Balaroa Di Kecamatan Palu Barat Kota Palu
Authors: Tinggogoy Filo Leonardo , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: January 2022

This study is intended to determine the leadership style of the village head in Balaroa, Sub-District West Palu, Palu. This type of research is descriptive. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data with data collection techniques namely observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. While the theory used in this research is using the theory of Harsey and Blancherd (in Harbani Pasolong 2008) the indicators are: Instruction, Consultation, Participation, and Delegation. While the informants involved in this study were 5 people, four village apparatus and one community member.

Based on the results of the research obtained by the author in the field, that the Leadership Style of the Lurah in Balaroa, Sub-District West Palu can be categorized as good, but the village apparatus has not been able to carry out their duties optimally in accordance with the leadership style of the Lurah, indicators that need to be a concern to be able to realize this style. The expected leadership for the apparatus is the Delegation aspect and the Control aspect, it is hoped that in the future the apparatus can carry out directions and tasks according to the leadership style that the Lurah has applied to his apparatus.
Manajemen Alokasi Dana Desa Di Desa Sibedi Kecamatan Marawola Kabupaten Sigi Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Mangngasing Nasir , Irianto Irianto , Tinggogoy Filo Leonardo
Published: January 2022

The basis of this research is qualitative while the type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The technique of withdrawing informants as many as 5 people who are considered to have knowledge of, Village Fund Allocation Management (ADD) in Sibedi Village, Marawola District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, Data collection techniques are carried out in two ways, namely library research and field studies consisting of observation, interviews and documentation. The method used in this research is using qualitative analysis methods.

Based on the research results obtained by researchers from interviews with informants and facts in the field that from the aspect of planning, organizing, actuating dimensions are good, but in the controlling dimension the results are not optimal, so the authors conclude that the Village Fund Allocation Management (ADD) in Sibedi Village, Marawola District Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, in order to further strive for the ability to provide services to communities in villages, it means that the activities carried out are more focused on controlling based on agreed policies and rules, so that the duties and functions of the apparatus in serving are in accordance with what is expected.
Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan Di Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Haeruddin Haeruddin
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out the implementation of the Family Hope Program (PKH) Policy at the Social Office of Donggala Regency. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Determination of informants is done purposively. Collecting data using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman interactive model approach, namely data collection, condensation, display and data verification. The results of the study indicate that: (1) Aspects of communication, PKH implementers in Donggala Regency have built communication between the parties, providing relevant information, but socialization is not routinely carried out to the parties, especially cross-agency officials who need this information. (2) resources (Resouces), the availability of resources in the implementation of the Family Hope Program in Donggala Regency is supported by the availability of PKH human resources (HR) recruited under the conditions of academic standards and experience set by the Ministry of Social Affairs, then strengthened by training and technical guidance and has met the ratio of 1 (one) social assistant accompanying 250KPM, (3) the implementer (disposition), in terms of loyalty, commitment and honesty of the implementer in the implementation of the family hope program has been running in accordance with the code of ethics set by the institution, based on values and polite attitude, integrity and professionalism. (4) the bureaucratic structure, the implementation of PKH activities has been carried out based on the source of the Operational Procedure (SOP), as well as fragmentation in the form of distribution of authority, the hierarchy has run quite synergistically between the government units involved.
A Systematic Literature Review about the Speed of Internationalization
Authors: Neubert Michael
Published: January 2022

The speed of internationalization or rapid internationalization is one of the most fascinating and researched topics in international business due to its practical importance for the international competitiveness of international firms. This paper aims to identify the determiners of internationalization speed using a systematic literature review of more than 50 current, peer-reviewed articles as research method. Based on an analysis of the topical evolution of the main internationalization theories, the main determiners of internationalization speed are categorized in environmental framing conditions, business resources, and business activities. To advance research about the determiners of internationalization speed, this paper suggests a conceptual framework of three research propositions about the impact of internationalization speed and its variations over time and in different industries and markets using sophisticated research methods to establish causal relationships.
Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Depression and Anxiety in People with Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Hashemi Zohreh , Eyni Sanaz , Ebadi Matineh
Published: January 2022

Background: The comorbidity of substance use, mood disorders, and anxiety has been proven in various studies, leading to many clinical implications. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in depression and anxiety in individuals with substance use disorder. Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all people with substance abuse in Urmia in 2019, including 220 subjects. The sample consisted of 50 individuals with substance use disorders selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group was trained in eight sessions, each lasting 90 min, based on the ACT protocol by Hayes et al. (2004), while the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were obtained using the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Pretest and posttest were performed in both groups. The collected data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) using SPSS23 software. Results: The results showed that after controlling for the pretest effects, a significant difference was observed between the mean posttest scores of the two groups in both depression and anxiety (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Acceptance and commitment therapy is an appropriate strategy to effectively improve depression and anxiety in people with substance use disorder.
Hospitalization Expenses and Influencing Factors for Inpatients with Ischemic Heart Disease in Iran: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Shirvani Shiri Maryam , Emamgholipour Sefiddashti Sara , Daroudi Rajabali , Tatary Maryam , Kazemi Zohreh , Karami Hassan
Published: January 2022

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide and in Iran, which imposes a heavy financial burden both on patient’s family and society. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the direct medical costs of inpatients with IHD and its influencing factors in Iran in 2020. Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study included 41,357 patients with IHD selected from the hospital information system (HIS) of the Iran Health Insurance Organization from August 23, 2019, to June 20, 2020. The study used the claims data of these patients, which included their demographics, length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, hospital accreditation grade, hospital ownership type, and patient discharge status. The multiple linear regression model was employed to evaluate the relationship between hospitalization costs and the associated factors. All statistical tests were conducted at the significance level of P < 0.05 using the R 3.6.3 software. Results: The mean age of patients was 63.95 ± 12.63 years old, and most of them were male (54.4%). The mean hospitalization cost per patient and per day was 586.42 ± 472.51 USD and 103.64 ± 100.29 USD, respectively. Moreover, the mean LOS was 4.92 days. Drugs and consumable medical supplies, as well as nursing and hoteling services, had the highest shares of hospitalization costs (29.54% and 29.4%, respectively). The hospitalization costs of patients with IHD were higher among men (β = 1.24), age 61 - 70 years (β = 1.38), LOS ≥ 5 (β = 2.92), ICU admission (β = 1.62), Iranian health fund (β = 1.21), and private hospitals (β = 1.91). Top-grade and first-grade hospitals had higher costs compared to grade 2 (β = 0.67), grade 3 (β = 0.35), and grade 4 (β = 0.72) hospitals. Deceased patients had also higher costs than patients with complete recovery (β = 0.63), relative recovery (β = 0.59), follow-up (β = 0.51), transfer to other medical centers (β = 0.44), and discharge against medical advice (DAMA) (β = 0.62). Conclusions: According to the results, shortening the LOS and controlling the high costs of drugs and consumable medical supplies are among the main strategies to reduce high hospitalization costs.
A rare case of Interstitial lung disease complicated by overlapping syndrome with obstructive ventilatory dysfunction as the first symptom
Authors: LIANG Yuling , LEI Yan , XU Jiaqi , HUANG Liqi , LIN Lian , ZHANG Yiqing
Published: January 2022

Interstitial lung disease is often a serious complication of connective tissue disease（CTD）, representing the first cause of death in CTD. However, there are few reports of SSc-RA overlap-associated interstitial pneumonia. Respiratory dysfunction as the first clinical manifestation is even rarely reported. We herein described a case of a male patient who developed significant respiratory dysfunction as the principal clinical sign for the past 6 months, plus newly developed skin thickening in bilateral upper limbs and pain and swelling of multiple joints for the past 6 weeks. Extensive immunological screening showed high titer of antinuclear antibodies(ANA), rheumatoid factor(RF), anti-cyclic peptide containing citrulline (anti-CCP)，and positive anti-Scl-70 antibody. Chest high resolution computed tomography(HRCT) was performed and hence ILD was confirmed. Pulmonary function test (PFT) revealed obstructive ventilatory dysfunction rather than restrictive ventilatory dysfunction. So bronchodilation test was performed and asthma was considered. Finally, after a multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion, the diagnosis of asthma and ILD associated with SSc-RA overlap was established. It is important to note that CTD associated pulmonary interstitial fibrosis must be considered as the differential diagnosis of any newly diagnosed interstitial pulmonary disease. In addition, if patient with dyspnea is highly suspicious of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, bronchodilation test is still needed to exclude asthma in order to avoid misdiagnosis.
Modified three-step procedure to treat buried penis in children without previous surgery: experience in 150 cases
Authors: HE Hanzhong , GAO Pengfei , SUN Sunjie , DENG Gaoyan
Published: January 2022

[Background] The buried penis has an abnormally smaller and shorter appearance. We performed a modified three-step procedure to correct the buried penis with satisfactory cosmetic results. [Methods] From May 2014 to December 2020, 150 boys, ranging in age from 2 to 7 years old (median age: 3.3 years), underwent this three-step procedure. The chief complaint was a smaller and shorter appearance of the penis. The surgical procedure consisted of three steps: complete degloving through a diamond-shaped penoscrotal incision, circumcision to remove the majority of the inner plate, and anchoring of the penopubic skin to the base of albuginea penis at the 4 and 8 o’clock positions with unabsorbable sutures. [Results] The mean operative time was 50 minutes (range from 40 to 60 minutes). The mean follow-up time was 2.8 years (range from 10 months to 6 years). There were no complications or recurrences. Good cosmetic results were achieved in all boys. [Conclusions] Our modified three-step procedure had good cosmetic results without complications. We recommend this effective surgical procedure for boys with buried penis who have no history of previous surgery.
Key foreign policy vectors of the Republic of Korea at the turn of the XX – XXI centuries
Authors: Britova Viktoriia Rimovna
Published: January 2022

The decades since the end of the Cold War, the foreign policy of the Republic of Korea has undergone multiple changes; besides the traditional commitment to maintain and develop relations with its military and political ally – the United States – the new vectors have emerged. . The Korean government turns attention to such directions as: international status of the country; its authority on the world stage; as well as autonomy combined with globalism and autonomy through neutrality. The subject of this research is the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the turn of the XX – XXI centuries. The object is the main foreign policy trends. As a result of the conducted research, the author determines the vectors in foreign policy of the Republic of Korea: orientation towards alliance with the United States; globalism with intention to form new alliances; pursuit of cooperative autonomy; and acquisition of autonomy through neutrality. The article reveals cyclicity in the shift of attitudes depending on the political affiliation of the leader of the country: conservative presidents aim to maintain the alliance, while democratic presidents strive for autonomy. Although, the recent foreign policy vector of the Republic of Korea, which suggests acquisition of autonomy through neutrality, seems impossible due to the existing responsibilities, it remains relevant.
Cooperation of the Amur Shipping Company and Heilongjiang Shipping Group on the development of Sino-Russian border relations in the Amur Region
Authors: Zalesskaia Olga , Cai Ying
Published: January 2022

River transportation along the Amur River has played a crucial role in the development of Sino-Russian relations since the middle of the XIX century. With the opening of Far Eastern borders and the improvement of Sino-Russian relations at the turn of the XX – XX centuries, they river transportation amplified its importance. The subject of this research is the cooperation of the Amur Shipping Company and Heilongjiang Shipping Group in the Far East. An overview is given to the activity of the two largest shipping companies of Russia and China in the Amur River Basin, as well as to the line of activity of the Chinese company aimed at the development of Sino-Russian border relations. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of interaction between the Amur Shipping Company and Heilongjiang Shipping Group. The conclusion is made on the immensity of the accumulated historical experience of cooperation, all-round role of interaction between the the Amur Shipping Company and Heilongjiang Shipping Group in Sino-Russian relations, gradual development of the two corporations, and development potential of further cooperation in the conditions of COVID-19 pandemic. The article is relevant for studying the strategic development of Heilongjiang shipping companies and the role of Amur river transport in the context of Russia's economic integration into the Asia-Pacific Region.
Can the policy Francophonie be considered a manifestation of neocolonialism (on the example of foreign cultural strategy of France in the 1960s)
Authors: Naumova Natalia , Zinchenko Irina
Published: January 2022

The subject of this research is the correlation between the policy of neocolonialism and Francophonie in the context of foreign cultural strategy of France in the 1960s. Decolonization forced France to relinquish direct colonial rule and shift towards the policy of “cooperation” on the basis of bilateral agreements with the developing countries, which regulated intergovernmental relations in various spheres. The idea of the universality of French language and cultural values underlied the Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation established in 1970. A crucial role in its establishment was played by the political leaders of African countries, who sought benefit from cooperation with France in terms of the development of young sovereign states. Despite this fact, the activity of Francophonie was the object of criticism, and by some researchers, considered a version of French post-colonialism. Analysis is conducted on different interpretations and approaches towards the terms “neo-colonialism” and “Francophonie”. The article employs the unpublished archival documents of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France, which determines the scientific novelty. The authors conclude that the equality sign between neo-colonialism and Francophonie seems unreasoned, since the latter has improved the educational, cultural, scientific and technical standard of living in the young sovereign states, contributed to the establishment of their political and administrative and increase of authority on the world stage. The participation of the developing countries in the Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation and the leaders of the Western world – France and Canada – consolidated the authority and broadened the experience of the political elite of the third world countries. At the same time, there is no denying that de Gaulle sought to increase the international prestige of the Fifth Republic by strengthening the positions of France in the Francophone world.
The problem of dissolution of the Soviet Union in the narratives of Russian political parties
Authors: Timshina Ekaterina Leonidovna
Published: January 2022

The dissolution of the Soviet Union is one of the key events in the history of Russia. The USSR ceased to exist, which prompted the beginning of the history of modern Russia. The political parties of the Russian Federation have formed the own historical memory of the event, as well as offered the original approaches towards the collapse of the USSR. The author analyzes the perspective of modern parties on the crisis of the Soviet model, their attitude towards the dissolution of the USSR, as well as assessment of the historical figures of that period. The official documents of the most popular political parties, as well as speeches and publications of their leaders served as the sources for this research. Although all political parties perceive the collapse of the Soviet Union as a tragic event that could have been avoided, there are different opinions on the causes. The three groups of factors that contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union are determined: economic problems; administrative crisis due to political errors of the government; and international conspiracy. The communist organizations mostly adhere to the latter one. The historical politics of the parties is dominated by an extremely critical attitude towards the central historical figures of the Soviet era. The members of the State Emergency Committee receive limited support in the historical narratives of the Communist Party, and such is given to the President of the USSR in liberal publications. The parties drew parallels between the present time and the period of Perestroika. The conclusion is made on the need to overcome (or prevent) the gap between the government and society, keep confidence of the citizens in the government in order to avoid the recurrence of devastating events.
The search for baseline events for assessing the safety of nuclear refueling operations at nuclear power plants
Authors: Maltseva Nadezhda Konstantinovna , Popova Valeriya Olegovna , Syrov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2022

The relevance of the topic of the safety of nuclear refueling operations is associated with the specificity of exploitation of RBMK units. One of the most hazardous, from the perspective of accidents at modern nuclear power plants, is the process of nuclear fuel reloading. The operations on rearrangement of fuel cartridges entail the risk of fuel damage, and thus, the likelihood of the release of radioactive substances exceeding the permissible limits. The process of reloading RBMK, if the reactor is at full capacity, consists of the vast number of complex operations characterized by a range parameters. Non-observance of the criteria for carrying out operations, or if the parameter values exceed permissible limits, with high probability leads to an accident. This article explores the possibility of application of formalized approach towards determination of the baseline events that may cause accidents for the purpose of the development of essential protection instruments. The formal approach would allow detecting the excessiveness in protection instruments on the existing blocks, as well as revealing the accident situations that cannot be prevented using these protection instruments. The author formulated systemic approach towards comprehensive assessment of the accident rate of structurally complex systems. Adaptation of this method relative to REM allows systematizing the search for baseline vents that entail uncontrolled situations, as well as optimizing the protection instruments that would ultimately enhance reliability of the system, simplify the exploitation process, and reduce the time of operating cycle of the controller for processing of the protection.
New science of art of Hans Sedlmayr
Authors: Zverev Aleksandr Sergeevich
Published: January 2022

This article provides a brief systemic analysis of the key concepts of the so-called new science of art developed by the Austrian art historian Hans Sedlmayr. The result of Seldmayr’s pursuits are reflected in creation of his own philosophy of art and culture based on a particular worldview. The cognition of the whole, along with individual and unique, underlies this science. Understanding is the goal of scientific knowledge for Sedlmayr. It suggests not only abstract knowledge, but peculiar existential experience as well. Sedlmayr interprets the understanding of artwork as its contemplation, which in turn, is identical to its actualization or presence. In Seldlmayr’s art of science, epistemologies and ontologies merge into each other. He interprets artworks simultaneously as the event and as the social organism, which overcomes the linearity of time and fragmentation of plurality. This artificial complex system, built on the paradoxical identity of the single and plenty, is both finite and infinite. Sedlmayr’s views encompass classical and nonclassical approach towards cognition of the whole. He relies on the principles of monism, seeking to reduce all concepts to a single basis, single point of singularity that designates the synthesis of all the moments of the whole and can be expressed by a single category. The main category, which resembles the center of the opposites, is the “midpoint” (Mitte). The aforementioned ideas are consistent and logical only in such scientific worldview that identifies ontology and epistemology, which implies the unity of contemplation and phenomenon of the artwork. Therefore, in Sedlmayr's constructions, actualization or revival of the artwork is identical with its comprehension. The systemic approach towards the artwork reflected in the theoretical works of Sedlmayr extends the boundaries of art science and converges with philosophy.
Research on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Cu-Ag Alloys Designed for the Construction of High Magnetic Field Generators
Authors: Kawecki Artur , Sieja-Smaga Eliza , Korzeń Kinga , Majchrowska Magdalena , Noga Piotr
Published: January 2022

The individual sections, wiring and construction of electromagnet windings responsible for strong magnetic field impulses may be one application for hypoeutectic Cu-Ag alloys. High electrical properties and mechanical properties (tensile strength, yield strength, impact strength) as well as high heat, fatigue and rheological resistance are required for these kinds of applications due to the unique nature of such operations (strong vibrations of high frequency and amplitude resulting from Lorenz forces and the possibility of significant and rapid heating from Jule’s heat). The limited solubility of copper and silver in the solid state enables the effective modification of the alloys’ microstructure through heat treatment and further shaping of their high mechanical and electrical properties via cold plastic working. The article presents the manufacturing of Cu-Ag alloys with the weight percent of Ag between 3 and 7 using the continuous casting process along with research on the physicochemical, mechanical and electrical properties of the obtained casts. The research on the amount of plastic deformation and its influence on the wire drawing process and the mechanical and electrical properties of the wires is also discussed. The temperature coefficients of resistance were defined in order to determine the temperature influence on the electrical resistance changes dynamics. The microstructural analysis was carried out in the as-cast state. The preliminary research conducted indicates that the obtained Cu-Ag alloys in the as-cast state exhibit a set of high mechanical and electrical properties. The prospective next stage of research includes the selection of favourable heat treatment parameters which would provide optimally modified microstructure of the alloys, as well as determining the deformation coefficients allowing for further increases in the mechanical and electrical properties.
Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Determine Graphite Nodularity in Ductile Iron
Authors: Brait Maximilian , Koppensteiner Eduard , Schindelbacher Gerhard , Li Jiehua , Schumacher Peter
Published: January 2022

The complex metallurgical interrelationships in the production of ductile cast iron can lead to enormous diﬀerences in graphite formation and local microstructure by small variations during production. Artiﬁcial intelligence algorithms were used to describe graphite formation, which is inﬂuenced by a variety of metallurgical parameters. Moreover, complex physical relationships in the formation of graphite morphology are also controlled by boundary conditions of processing, the eﬀect of which can hardly be assessed in everyday foundry operations. The inﬂuence of relevant input parameters can be predetermined using artiﬁcial intelligence based on conditions and patterns that occur simultaneously. By predicting the local graphite formation, measures to stabilise production were deﬁned and thereby the accuracy of structure simulations improved. In course of this work, the most important dominating variables, from initial charging to ﬁnal casting, were compiled and analysed with the help of statistical regression methods to predict the nodularity of graphite spheres. We compared the accuracy of the prediction by using Linear Regression, Gaussian Process Regression, Regression Trees, Boosted Trees, Support Vector Machines, Shallow Neural Networks and Deep Neural Networks. As input parameters we used 45 characteristics of the production process consisting of the basic information including the composition of the charge, the overheating time, the type of melting vessel, the type of the inoculant, the fading, and the solidification time. Additionally, the data of several thermal analysis, oxygen activity measurements and the final chemical analysis were included.Initial programme designs using machine learning algorithms based on neural networks achieved encouraging results. To improve the degree of accuracy, this algorithm was subsequently adapted and reﬁned for the nodularity of graphite.
Modeling of spatial correlation characteristics of broadband ocean ambient noise vector field
Authors: Ren Chao , Huang Yi-Wang , Xia Zhi ,   Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China,   Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, China,   College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Published: January 2022

The signal-to-noise ratio gain of the array is closely related to the spatial characteristics of the noise field. The modeling of the spatial characteristics of marine environmental noise is always a hot spot. For sonar with different functions, the working frequency band and bandwidth are usually different. Therefore, the spatial correlation coefficient of the noise field in arbitrary frequency band has important reference value for designing sonar systems. According to the process of generating the marine environmental noise field under the high frequency approximation condition, a noise field time-domain modeling method is proposed, and the integral expression of the time-domain sound pressure and particle vibration velocity of marine environmental noise in a horizontally layered medium is given. This lays the foundation for establishing a broadband model of the noise vector field. In particular, the analytical expression of the spatial correlation coefficient of the broadband white noise vector field in the vertical direction under specific condition is also given. Following the spectral structure of wind-generated noise, the spatial correlation coefficients of noise fields with different frequency bands and different spectral slopes are numerically calculated, revealing the influence of bandwidth and spectral structure on the spatial characteristics of marine environmental noise, and the principle behind the result is explained through theoretical derivation. With the increase of the array element spacing and bandwidth, the number of oscillation periods and the oscillation amplitude of the spatial correlation coefficient of each component of the noise vector field gradually decrease, which is caused by the frequency domain average of the noise field correlation coefficient. When the spectral slope is less than zero, the low-frequency noise plays a major role, causing the spatial correlation radius of the broadband noise field to be larger than that of the narrowband noise field. The result of the experiment conducted in South China Sea shows that the measured vertical spatial correlation coefficient of the sound pressure field of marine environmental noise is in good agreement with the theoretical result. The model has potential application prospects for the research of transducer array technology and the inversion of environmental parameters.
Research progress of polymers with high thermal conductivity
Authors: Liu Yu-Rui , Xu Yan-Fei ,   Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01003, USA,   Chemical Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01003, USA
Published: January 2022

Developing thermally conductive polymers is of fundamental interest and technological importance. Common polymers have low thermal conductivities on the order of 0.1 W·m–1·K–1 and thus are regarded as thermal insulators. Compared with the traditional heat conductors (metals and ceramics), polymers have unparalleled combined properties such as light weight, corrosion resistance, electrical insulation and low cost. Turning polymer insulators into heat conductors will provide new opportunities for future thermal management applications. Polymers may replace many metals and ceramics, serving as lightweight heat dissipators in electronics, refrigerators, and electrical vehicles.

In this review and perspectives, we discuss the research progress of thermal transport mechanisms in polymers and reveal the relations between thermal conductivity and polymer structural parameters such as bond strength, crystallinity, crystallite size, chain orientation, radius of gyration, and molecular weight. We discuss the advanced strategies for developing thermally conductive polymers by both bottom-up and top-down approaches. We highlight how thermally conductive polymers provide new opportunities for thermal management applications. Finally, we emphasize the future challenges to and opportunities for designing and synthesizing polymers with metal-like thermal conductivity and exploring the thermal transport physics in polymers. We believe that the thermally conductive polymers with their unparalleled combination of characteristics (light weight, electrical insulation, easy processability, corrosion resistance, etc.) promise to possess many existing and unforeseen thermal management applications.
Frontiers of investigation on thermal transport in all-solid-state lithium-ion battery
Authors: Wu Cheng-Wei , Xie Guo-Feng , Zhou Wu-Xing ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China,   Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Xiangtan 411201, China
Published: January 2022

This paper briefly describes the characteristics of all-solid-state lithium-ion battery and the significance of investigation on the internal thermal transport. The related experimental and theoretical works on the thermal transport properties of cathode materials, anode materials, solid-state electrolytes, and electrode-electrolyte interfaces are introduced and summarized. In view of the unclear mechanism of the influence of lithium insertion and extraction process on the thermal conductivity of electrode materials, the challenge of solid-state amorphization to the research of thermal transport, and the limitation of models and methods in heat transport across the interface, we systematically sort out the important scientific issues of thermal transport in all-solid-state lithium-ion battery.
Hvorfor velger ikke flere menn jordmoryrket?
Authors: Renberg Heidi , Sommerseth Eva , Johannessen Aud
Published: January 2022

Bakgrunn: Mange yrkesvalg påvirkes av kjønn. I jordmorfaget er det 22 menn av totalt 6711 utdannede jordmødre i Norge. Mål: Å få kunnskap om mannlige sykepleierstudenters synspunkter på hvorfor så få menn blir jordmødre. Metode: Studien innhentet data gjennom fokusgruppeintervjuer og individuelle intervjuer med mannlige sykepleierstudenter. Datamaterialet ble analysert med systematisk tekstkondensering. Resultater: Tre hovedtemaer ble avdekket i analysen: et unaturlig yrkesvalg for menn, menn har liten kjennskap til jordmorfaget og å oppleve krav og usikkerhet knyttet til utdanningen og yrket. Hovedtemaene dekket syv undertemaer. Konklusjon: Deltakerne mente at yrket var knyttet til femininitet og var et yrke forbeholdt kvinner, samt at «jordmor» ikke er en kjønnsnøytral tittel. Noe som kan redusere interessen for faget. Tilgang til informasjon om yrket, samt mannlige rollemodeller ble også påpekt som viktig for å rekruttere menn. Usikkerhet knyttet til å bli tatt opp i utdanningen, og framtidig arbeidsmuligheter ble understreket. Disse resultatene kan bidra til å redusere interessen for faget.
Immediate Effect of Valgus Knee Brace and Lateral Wedge Insole on Gait Parameters in Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis of Knee: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Pandey Jyoti , Gupta Anil Kumar , Kumar Dileep , Agarwal Abhishek , Mishra Sudhir , Yadav Ganesh
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Orthoses have been reported to improve function and symptom reduction in knee Osteoarthritis (OA) of the medial compartment. Biomechanical changes introduced instantly in the gait with the use of orthoses can be evaluated to understand their effectiveness. Aim: To determine and compare the immediate effect of valgus knee brace and Lateral Wedge Insole (LWI) on gait parameters in medial compartment OA knee patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at a tertiary centre from August 2018 to July 2019. A 56 patients of knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence system grades 2 or 3) were assessed by instrumented gait analysis before and just after orthotic fitment. Gait parameters related to External Knee Adduction Moment (EKAM) (e.g., maximum Ground Reaction Force (mGRF), vertical Ground Reaction Forces (vGRF), Varus Angle (VA) were assessed via motion capture during walking, in all four conditions: barefoot (B), LWI, valgus Knee brace (KB), Combined (C) i.e., (LW+KB). Statistical analysis was done using International Business Machines (IBM) Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. To find the significant difference in given parameters, repeated measure Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied taking p-value <0.05. Results: A total of 56 patients (13 men, 43 women) mean age of 58.04±5.8 years and a mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27.4±3.5 kg/m2 were analysed. A 35 patients had OA grade 2 and 21 were classified as grade 3. No significant difference in mean vGRF and VA values was found among LW, KB and C (p=0.118) and (p=0.894) throughout the stance phase. The significant difference was in mean mGRF values during initial stance phase (0-20% of gait cycle) (p=0.036). Conclusion: The orthoses may not swiftly provide beneficial biomechanical changes in gait parameters of medial OA knee patients.
Assessment of Consumer Satisfaction to Improve Quality of Services Provided in Tertiary Care Hospital of Uttar Pradesh- A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Saxena Sumit , Srivastava Kuldeep , Srivastava Anurag , Saxena Anju
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Satisfaction of the patient play a very important decisive factor for pay-for-performance metrics and it also replicates the type of care being provided. One of the major parameters to establish patient satisfaction is to measure success of services provided in hospital. Aim: To assess the quality of care in terms of patient’s satisfaction in a tertiary care hospital of Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among patients attending the Outpatient Department (OPD) at Varunarjun Medical College and Rohilkhand Hospital, Uttar Pradesh, India. Total 88 people (patients or attendants) were interviewed by using a predesigned and pretested semi-structured proforma, in Hindi language. The questionnaire contained questions related to an individual’s experience with the staff and environment of health system at the end of their outpatient visit. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: The majority 37 (42.0%) belonged to age group of 34-49 years, 58 (66%) were males, 36 (40.9%) educated upto high school and 45 (51.2%) belonged to general category. In the present study, regarding hospital informatory, 28 (31.8%) respondent found good direction indicators. Waiting period was less than half-an-hour reported by 47 (53.4%) patients. Sixty-three (71.5%) patients had opportunity to ask questions about their disease and treatment. Most of the respondent 50 (56.8%) said that hospital staff listened to their questions and problems. Statistically significant association was found in- between patient satisfaction and socio-demographic variable like age, gender, education and socio-economic status (p-value <0.05). Around 68 (77.2%) respondent were not satisfied with behaviour of hospital staff (nurses and paramedical staff) whereas only 35 (39.8%) respondent were satisfied with the behaviour of treating doctor. Conclusion: Among the different domains of measurements of patient satisfaction, only few were satisfied with doctor’s and paramedical staff. Doctor's time, behaviour of paramedical staff and poor quality of services were the main reasons for dissatisfaction among dissatisfied patients.