bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lessons of Survival in Managing Economic and Banking Crises
Authors: Butt Abdul Raoof , Abdul Raoof Abdul Raoof , ul-Hassan Mehmood
Published: July 2019

Pakistan is enduring a serious economic downturn and facing the
probability of the collapse of the banking and financial systems. The growth
outlook is meek and risk of default is hanging over the head of the nation as
a sword. Banking and financial institutions and economic systems of Pakistan
like that of ASEAN and other crises hit countries, suffer from bad loans,
political interference, corruption, declining exports, budget and trade
deficits, internal and external debts, crashes of stock exchanges, currency
mismanagement, and double digit inflation. While 'survival of the fittest’ is
ever a self-evident truth, the lessons of the rise and fall of nations are
important for survival. In order to meet the challenge of survival, it may be
crucial to learn the underlying causes that accounted for and understand the
strategies and reforms that attempted to manage the economies of the
countries suffering from the crises.
Problems of Working Women in the Rural Informal Sector of
Punjab (Pakistan)
Authors: Ali Karamat , Abdul Hamid Abdul Hamid
Published: July 2019

The informal sector plays a significant role in Pakistan’s economy as
well as in other developing countries. The role of the informal sector in
solving the unemployment problem of Third World countries has become the
focus of a conceptual and empirical debate in recent years. Most of the
research takes a favourable view of this sector and suggests that it should be
used as a policy instrument for the solution of the most pressing problems of
developing countries, such as unemployment, poverty, income inequalities,
etc. Before proceeding further, we will define the informal sector and
differentiate it from the formal sector. There are various definitions, but the
one given in an ILO report (1972) is generally considered the best. According
to this report, informal sector activities are ways of doing things characterised
by a heterogeneous array of economic activities with relative ease of entry,
reliance on indigenous resources; temporary or variable structure and family
ownership of enterprises, small scale of operation, labour intensive and
adapted technology, skills acquired outside the formal school system, not
depending on formal financial institutions for its credit needs; unregulated and
unregistered units, and not observing fixed hours/days of operation.
Making Devolution Work in Pakistan
Authors: Ghaus-Pasha Aisha
Published: July 2019

This article discusses how the 7th National Finance Commission award and the 18th Amendment to the Constitution have strengthened the autonomy of the federating units in Pakistan. The former has empowered the provinces by increasing their access to financial resources, but there is the danger that it may increase the consolidated fiscal deficit unless both the federal and provincial governments increase their fiscal efforts and rationalize their expenditures. The 18th Amendment has the potential to change the structure of governance, but has been implemented in such a way that effective decentralization has been at least partially rolled back. For devolution to work in Pakistan, financing and the delivery of devolved services will have to be more effectively organized and managed.
INVESTIGATING STUDENTS ACCEPTANCE OF ELEARNING USING TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL AMONG DIPLOMA IN OFFICE MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS AT UITM MELAKA
Authors: Sakarji Siti Rosnita , Mohd Nor Khalijah , Mohd. Razali Masliza , Talib Nashrah , Ahmad Nurbarirah , Wan Mohamad Saferdin Wan Aisyah Amni
Published: July 2019

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) has given a new impetus to educational transformation. In recent years, education experts recognize the profound impact that a myriad of technological innovations in ICT is having on education. They agree that education 4.0 will be shaped by innovations and will indeed have to train students to produce innovations. E-learning has become an increasingly popular learning approach in higher education institutions (HEIs) due to the rapid growth of Internet technologies in Malaysia. The technology acceptance model (TAM) proposes that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness predict applications usage. It has been integrated into many university programs and is one of the new learning trends. The study aims to investigate students’ acceptance towards e-learning system using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The study was conducted to the students that undergone the Diploma in Office Management and Technology program from the Faculty of Business and Management, UiTM Melaka. The purpose of the study conducted was to investigate the level of students’ acceptance in terms of ease of use and perceived usefulness of e-learning. A set of questionnaires was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the demographic characteristics of the study respondents. All analysis was performed by using SPSS. A total of 50 students completed the survey questionnaire with a satisfactory response rate. It was found that the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness has a significant effect on attitude toward e-learning. The respondents agreed that e-learning is very useful and makes it easier to study the course content. Students are found to be frequently engaged in using e-learning and believed it enhancing their academic performances. The outcomes will enrich the understanding of students’ acceptance of e-learning and will assist in its continuing implementation at UiTM Melaka.
THE APPROPRIATE INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE PATIENT OUTCOME AMONG STROKE PATIENTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Permata Eva Nilam , Irawati Dewi
Published: July 2019

Stroke has a deadly domino effect and is the number one cause of neurological defects in the world. Stroke patients can experience neurological deficits including cognitive impairment and disruption in fulfilling functional status reducing patient outcome. This literature review aims to identify the appropriate intervention to improve patient outcome among stroke patients. The authors conducted a literature search using several databases, namely ProQuest, EBSCO, Sage, and Science Direct from 2008 to 2018. The keywords appropriateness in the search were “stroke-patient”, “nursing intervention”, “patient outcome”. The literature search showed there are several nursing interventions for stroke patients that have an effect on increasing patient outcomes, namely intervention of dysphagia management, mobilization exercises, acupressure, cognitive enhancement, and self-management empowerment interventions. Nursing intervention given to stroke patients varies depending on the patient's response that arises as a result of a disorder related to the function of the part of the brain affected in stroke patients. Nurses through nursing interventions have a role in improving outcomes in stroke patients

 

Keywords: Nursing Intervention; Patient Outcome; Stroke-Patient
DECREASED ANXIETY IN MOTHER OF CHILDREN WITH STUNTING AFTER THOUGHT STOPPING THERAPY
Authors: Giyaningtyas Ika Juita , Hamid Achir Yani Syuhaimie
Published: July 2019

Anxiety is an uncertain and unwell-defined worry experienced by individuals. Physicall illnesses is one of anxiety causes. Stunting is a physicall illness in children manifested by a very low height for age. Stunting causes cognitive development disorder, inhibition of mental and motor development, make children more susceptible to diseases. Stunting bad effects is not only on children with stunting but also for parents of children with stunting who become caregiver for the children. Stigma from the society can be occur to the family who cares children with stunting, especially mother. Preliminary data showed mothers of children with stunting feels worry or anxiety about their children. Anxiety intervention for mothers of children with stunting is necessary. Anxiety intervention conducted by thought stopping. Based on the data, this study conducted to know decrease in anxiety in mother of children with stunting after tought stopping therapy. The method was a case study. Author conducted thought stopping therapy in three times of meeting.  The result of the study was thought stopping can be used as psychotherapy to decrease anxiety in mother of children with stunting. Nurse have to consider client ability in change the tought proccess by concern on emotional level and sentitifity.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP TERJADINYA KANDIDIASIS ERITEMATOSA PADA PENGGUNA GIGITIRUAN LENGKAP
Authors: Gaib Zulfikar
Published: July 2019

Kehilangan gigi pada seseorang dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan anatomis, fisiologis maupun fungsional, bahkan tidak jarang pula menyebabkantraumapsikologis. Kehilangan gigi yang terjadidapat ditanggulangi dengan pembuatan restorasi berupa gigitiruan lepasan dan gigitiruan cekat.Pemakaian gigitiruan seringkali dapat menimbulkan masalah yang lain apabila tidak diperhatikan kebersihan dan perawatan. Halini dapat dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya penumpukan sisa makanan yang merupakan predisposisi terbentuknya plak, sehingga meningkat prevalensi mikroorganisme Kandida albikan dan menyebabkan terjadinya kandidiasis. Terjadinya kandidiasis pada rongga mulut diawali dengan adanya kemampuan perlekatan kandida pada mukosa mulut sehingga mengakibatkan proliferasi, kolonisasi tanpa gejala atau disertai dengan gejala infeksi.Kandidiasis di rongga mulut dapat dibedakan atas Kandidiasis Pseudomembrane (oral trush), Kandidiasis Anglular Cheilitis, Kandidiasis Hiperplastik Kronik, dan Kandidiasis eritematosa. Pada pasien pengguna gigitiruan, kandidiasis yang paling banyak ditemukan yakni Kandidiasis eritematosa.Kata kunci : Gigitiruan lengkap, kandida albikan, kandidiasis eritematosa
GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN SEMEN IONOMER KACA SEBAGAI BAHAN TUMPATAN GIGI DI BALAI PENGOBATAN RUMAH SAKIT GIGI DAN MULUT UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI PADA TAHUN 2011 SAMPAI 2012
Authors: Saerang Gizela Stephanie
Published: July 2019

Caries is a disease most commonly found in the oral cavity so that is the main problem of oral health. Dental caries should be taken care of by filling. Nowadays have been found filling materials for caries in example glass ionomer cement (GIC). At the Dental Clinic of Sam Ratulangi University, GIC is the preferred material often chosen by dentists for caries.The purpose of this research is ti know abaout the use of GIC as restoration material in the Dental Clinic of Sam Ratulangi University in 2011-2012. This research is a descriptive retrospective research using the cross sectional approach by taking the medical records of patients in the Dental Clinic of Sam Ratulangi University whom were given GIC as the filling material. The amount of research data retrieved were of 247 patients with 355 teeth filled by GIC and categorized based on the year of fillng, age,sex, region of feeling and the period of teeth in each patient.The results show that in the year of 2012 the use of GIC restorations has increased in comparison to the year 2011. Treatment with a GIC is more often accepted by female patients and most of them were children. The posterior region of the teeth is the region most filled by GIC and most of the period of permanent teeth.Keywords: glass ionomer cement, fillingAbstrakKaries merupakan salah satu penyakit yang paling banyak dijumpai di rongga mulut sehingga merupakan masalah utama kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Perawatan untuk gigi yang mengalami karies salah satunya bisa dengan cara ditumpat. Saat ini telah banyak ditemukan bahan tumpatan untuk karies gigi, contohnya semen ionomer kaca (SIK). Di Balai Pengobatan Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut (BP-RSGM) Universitas Sam Ratulangi, SIK merupakan salah satu bahan tumpatan yang sering dipilih oleh dokter gigi pada pasien yang mengalami karies.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan SIK sebagai bahan tumpatan gigi di BP-RSGM Universitas Sam Ratulangi pada tahun 2011-2012. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan metode studi cross sectional dengan pengambilan data dari rekam medis pasien yang ditumpat dengan SIK di BP-RSGM Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Jumlah data penelitian yang dambil yaitu 247 pasien dengan 355 gigi yang ditumpat dan dikategorikan berdasarkan tahun penumpatan, usia, jenis kelamin, regio dan periode gigi yang di tumpat pada setiap pasien.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada tahun 2012 telah terjadi peningkatan dalam penggunaan SIK dibandingkan pada tahun 2011. Perawatan SIK lebih sering dipakai oleh pasien perempuan dan sebagian besar berusia anak-anak. Regio posterior merupakan regio gigi yang paling banyak mendapatkan tumpatan SIK dan paling banyak pada periode gigi permanen.Kata kunci: semen ionomer kaca, penumpatan
GAMBARAN DETERMINAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMANFAATAN JASA TUKANG GIGI PADA PEMBUATAN GIGI TIRUAN LEPASAN DI DESA TREMAN KECAMATAN KAUDITAN
Authors: Lumunon Thirsa O.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The loss of teeth can be caused by various diseases such as caries and periodontal diseases. This tooth loss can lead to disruption of the speech function, mastication, and aesthetics. Dentures for replacing the missing teeth are important to avoid such impacts. This study aimed to describe the determinants of people's behavior in the utilization of dental services in the manufacture of artisan removable denture in rural districts Kauditan Treman. This was a descriptive study. Taro Yamane formula was used to determine the number of samples. The method of sampling was purposive sampling by using questionnaires to 52 people. The results showed that the primary external factor determinant in the community toward dental service of false teeth makers was the economic factor (the cost of maintenance), meanwhile the internal factor determinant was perception. It is suggested that the government provides more affordable oral health care by adding health personnels, especially the dentists .Keywords: determinants, people's behavior, false teeth makers, removable dentureAbstrak: Kehilangan gigi dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai penyakit seperti karies dan penyakit periodontal yang dapat berakibat terganggunya fungsi bicara, pengunyahan, dan estetika. Pembuatan gigi tiruan untuk menggantikan gigi yang hilang penting dilakukan agar dapat menghindari akibat tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran determinan perilaku masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan jasa tukang gigi pada pembuatan gigi tiruan lepasan di desa Treman kecamatan Kauditan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus Taro Yamane, dan metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling dengan membagikan kuesioner pada sampel yang berjumlah 52 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa determinan penentu utama faktor eksternal masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan jasa tukang gigi untuk pembuatan gigi tiruan lepasan yakni faktor ekonomi, dalam hal ini biaya perawatan; sedangkan determinan penentu faktor internal yakni persepsi. Disarankan pada pemerintah agar dapat menyediakan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang lebih terjangkau oleh masyarakat dengan menambah tenaga kesehatan, khususnya dokter gigi.Kata kunci: determinan, perilaku masyarakat, tukang gigi, gigi tiruan lepasan
GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN SEMEN IONOMER KACA SEBAGAI BAHAN TUMPATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT ROBERT WOLTER MONGISIDI MANADO TAHUN 2011-2013
Authors: Tulaka Bonie , Wicaksono Dinar A. , Tumewu Ellen
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Dental caries is still problem among other oral diseases, one of the overcame by restorative. The restorative materials are most frequently used in RS. RW. Mongisidi Manado is glass ionomer cement . The purpose of this research is to know the description of the use of the glass ionomer cement as an ingredient in dental clinic restorative RS. R W. Mongisidi Manado in 2011-2013. This research is descriptive research, the data obtained with the patient's medical record which do restorative throughout the years 2011-2013. The data retrieval is done by the method of the total sample, as 769. The result of this research shows categories sex, male more often done restorative with 394 (51.3%), patients with adult age category more often do restorative with 609 (79,2%). The teeth on the anterior portion is more often performed than in the posterior part of the restorative. Keywords: restorative materials, glass ionomer cement.   Abstrak: Karies gigi masih merupakan masalah di antara penyakit gigi dan mulut lainnya, salah satu cara mengatasinya yaitu dengan melakukan penumpatan. Bahan tumpatan yang paling sering digunakan di RS. RW. Mongisidi Manado ialah semen ionomer kaca. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan semen ionomer kaca sebagai bahan tumpatan di poliklinik gigi RS R.W Mongisidi Manado pada tahun 2011-2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, data diambil dari rekam medis pasien yang telah melakukan penumpatan sepanjang tahun 2011-2013. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode total sampling, didapatkan sepanjang tahun 2011-2013 sebanyak 769.Hasil dari penelitian sepanjang tahun 2011-2013 menunjukkan kategori jenis kelamin, laki-laki lebih sering dilakukan penumpatan dengan 394 (51,3%), pasien dengan kategori usia dewasa lebih sering melakukan penumpatan dengan 609 (79,2%). Gigi pada bagian anterior lebih sering dilakukan penumpatan dibandingkan pada bagian posterior. Kata kunci: bahan tumpatan, semen ionomer kaca.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA DENGAN KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT ANAK DI TK TUNAS BHAKTI MANADO
Authors: Worang Triska Yolanda , Pangemanan Damajanti H. C. , Wicaksono Dinar A.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Domain knowledge is very important for the formation of one's actions. Knowledge of parents is very important in the formation of the underlying behaviors that support or do not support the oral hygiene of children. Good oral hygiene will make healthy teeth and surrounding tissues. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge of parent swith achild's dental and oral hygiene in kinder garten Tunas Bhakti Manado. The research used the descriptive analytical study with cross sectional approach. The experiment was conducted in a kinder garten classroom Shoots Bhakti Manado. The sample in this study all children in kinder garten preschool Tunas Bhakti Manado as many as 70 children examined OHI-S and as many as 12 questions questionnaire for the elderly. Sampling technique with a total sampling method.The results of this study indicate that parental knowledge about dental and oral hygiene in either category by 45.7% with oral hygiene status of children included in the medium category at 65.7%. Based on the results obtained Pearson correlation test p value of 0.020 (p <0.05). It can be concluded that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge of parents with children's dental and oral hygiene in kindergarten Tunas Bhakti Manado. Keywords: knowledge, OHI-S, preschoolers.   Abstrak: Pengetahuan merupakan domain yang sangat penting untuk terbentuknya tindakan seseorang.Pengetahuan orang tua sangat penting dalam mendasari terbentuknya perilaku yang mendukung atau tidak mendukung kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak. Kebersihan mulut yang baik akan membuat gigi dan jaringan sekitarnya sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan orang tua dengan kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak di TK Tunas Bhakti Manado.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study.Penelitian dilaksanakan di ruangan kelas TK Tunas Bhakti Manado. Sampel dalam penelitian ini seluruh anak prasekolah di TK Tunas Bhakti Manado sebanyak 70 anak diperiksa OHI-S dan kuesioner sebanyak 12 pertanyaan untuk orang tua. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan orang tua mengenai kebersihan gigi dan mulut dalam kategori baik sebesar 45,7% dengan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak termasuk dalam kategori sedang sebesar 65,7%. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi pearson didapatkan p value 0,020 (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan orang tua dengan kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak di TK Tunas Bhakti Manado. Kata kunci: pengetahuan, OHI-S, anak prasekolah.
GAMBARAN INDIKASI PENCABUTAN GIGI DALAM PERIODE GIGI BERCAMPUR PADA SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 LANGOWAN
Authors: Fenanlampir Inka J. , Mariati Ni Wayan , Hutagalung Bernat
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Tooth extraction is a process of alveolar dental expenditure, where the tooth is already not possible care anymore. Tooth period is a period of transition when mixed with the date and time of the growth of baby teeth and permanent teeth is considered as vulnerable age and become determinants The purpose of this study was to describe the periods of tooth indication at mixed period on student of SMP Negeri 1 Langowan. Descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample size of 257 students was employed using stratified random sampling technique. The results showed that students who have an indication of tooth extraction on the persistence of mixed tooth period is about 36 students (14%) and students who have dental caries which is an indication of the revocation period is relatively large mixed with 149 students (57.9%). Remained tooth root as indicative of the rest of the students in the revocation mixed period with relatively small teeth it  about149 students (25.2%) and the percentage of supernumerary teeth is an indication of the students in the revocation period is relatively small mixed is about 7 students (2.7 %). Keywords: indication of tooth extraction, tooth mixed period.   Abstrak: Pencabutan gigi merupakan suatu proses pengeluaran gigi dari alveolus, dimana pada gigi tersebut sudah tidak dapat dilakukan perawatan lagi. Periode gigi bercampur yaitu masa peralihan saat tanggalnya gigi susu dan saat tumbuhnya gigi tetap dan merupakan usia yang dianggap rawan dan penentu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran indikasi pencabutan gigi dalam periode gigi bercampur pada siswa SMP Negeri 1 Langowan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan cross sectional study dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 257 siswa yang diambil dengan teknik Stratified random sampling.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang memiliki indikasi pencabutan gigi persistensi pada periode gigi bercampur sebesar 36 siswa (14%) dan siswa yang memiliki gigi karies yang merupakan indikasi pencabutan pada periode gigi bercampur sebesar yaitu 149 siswa (57,9%). Pada persentase sisa akar yang merupakan indikasi pencabutan pada siswa dalam periode gigi bercampur yaitu sebesar 149 siswa (25,2%) dan persentase supernumerary teeth yang merupakan indikasi pencabutan pada siswa dalam periode gigi bercampur sebesar 7 siswa (2,7%). Kata kunci: indikasi pencabutan gigi, periode gigi bercampur
GAMBARAN MALOKLUSI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN HMAR PADA PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT GIGI DAN MULUT UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI MANADO
Authors: Laguhi Vigni Astria , Anindita P. S. , Gunawan Paulina N.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Malocclusions is a form of occlusions that deviates from the standard form which is accepted as a normal form and in Indonesia, the prevelence is still high enough. One of the ways to identify and assess the severity of malocclusions is using the Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record Index (HMAR). This study aims to describe the malocclusions patients of  RSGM Unsrat using the HMAR index. This is a descriptive study conducted at the RSGM Unsrat Manado. Research subjects which totaled 34 patient study models. Malocclusions assessment obtained by examination of the study sample according to HMAR index include the tooth defect in one jaw, the second jaw teeth abnormalities relationship in a state of occlusions, and dentofasial defect. Result of research on the teeth in one jaw irregularities showed the highest percentage of tooth loss. Abnormal jaw relations in a state of second gear in the region of the anterior occlusion showed the highest percentage in the form of excessive biting distance and in the posterior region of highest form of canines more distally. Dentofacial abnormalities showed the highest percentage in the form of palatal bite. Research malocclusions severity based on HMAR index showed the highest percentage of severe malocclusions are in need of care.Keywords: Malocclusions, Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record Index  Abstrak: Maloklusi adalah suatu bentuk oklusi yang menyimpang dari bentuk standar yang diterima sebagai bentuk normal dan di Indonesia prevalensinya masih cukup tinggi. Salah satu cara mengidentifikasi maloklusi dan menilai keparahan maloklusi  tersebut menggunakan Indeks Handiccaping Assessment Record (HMAR). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran maloklusi pasien RSGM Unsrat menggunakan Indeks HMAR. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dan dilakukan di RSGM Unsrat Manado. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 34 model studi  pasien. Penilaian maloklusi diperoleh dengan pemeriksaan pada sampel penelitian berdasarkan indeks HMAR  meliputi penyimpangan gigi dalam satu rahang, kelainan hubungan gigi kedua rahang dalam keadaan oklusi, dan kelainan dentofasial. Hasil penelitian pada penyimpangan gigi dalam satu rahang menunjukkan persentase tertinggi pada kehilangan gigi. Kelainan hubungan gigi kedua rahang dalam keadaan oklusi menunjukkan di regio anterior persentase tertinggi berupa jarak gigit berlebih  dan diregio posterior tertinggi berupa gigi kaninus lebih ke distal. Kelainan dentofasial menunjukkan persentase tertinggi berupa palatal bite. Hasil penelitian tingkat keparahan maloklusi berdasarkan indeks HMAR menunjukkan persentase tertinggi pada maloklusi berat sangat memerlukan perawatan. Kata kunci: Maloklusi, Indeks Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record
GAMBARAN TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP PERAWATAN GIGI DAN MULUT DI PUSKESMAS BAHU
Authors: Sembel Mariane , Opod Henry , Hutagalung Bernart S. P.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Patient satisfaction with dental care is a comparison between the perceptions of care received by expectations before getting treatment. The study in Bahu Health centers based on seven dimensions of service quality is the guarantee, empathy, reliability, responsiveness, physical appearance, medical services and professionalism using Likert scale. The study was descriptive with a sample of 48 people. How sampling is total sampling. Results showed patient satisfaction with dimensions of guarantee 80,9% very satisfied with the category. On the dimension of empathy showed 86,4% of patients very satisfied. On the dimension of reliability showed 84,5% of patients very satisfied. On the dimension of responsiveness showed 84,1% of patients very satisfied. On the dimension of physical appearance showed 80,7% of patients very satisfied. On the dimension of medical services showed 89,1% of patients very satisfied. On the dimension of professionalism showed 91,6% of patients very satisfied. Based results of patient satisfaction with dental care in Bahu Health centers based on seven dimensions showed rate index 85,32% of patients very satisfied. Keywords: Patient satisfaction, Dental care and oral.    Abstrak: Kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan perbandingan antara persepsi terhadap pelayanan yang diterima dengan harapannya sebelum mendapatkan pelayanan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Bahu berdasarkan tujuh dimensi mutu pelayanan yaitu jaminan, empati, kehandalan, daya tanggap, tampilan fisik, pelayanan medis dan profesionalisme berdasarkan skala Likert. Jenis penelitian yaitu deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel 48 orang. Cara pengambilan sampel yaitu total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepuasan pasien terhadap dimensi jaminan sebesar 80,9% dengan kategori sangat puas. Pada dimensi empati menunjukkan 86,4% pasien merasa sangat puas. Pada dimensi kehandalan menunjukkan 84,5% pasien merasa sangat puas. Pada dimensi daya tanggap menunjukkan 84,1% pasien merasa sangat puas. Pada dimensi tampilan fisik menunjukkan 80,7% pasien merasa sangat puas. Pada dimensi pelayanan medis menunjukkan 89,1% pasien merasa sangat puas. Pada dimensi profesionalisme 91,6% pasien merasa sangat puas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tentang kepuasan pasien terhadap perawatan gigi dan mulut di Puskesmas Bahu ditinjau dari dimensi pelayanan menunjukkan indeks rata-rata sebesar 85,32% dengan kategori sangat puas. Kata kunci: kepuasan pasien, perawatan gigi dan mulut.
PERILAKU MEMELIHARA KEBERSIHAN GIGI TIRUAN LEPASAN BERBASIS AKRILIK PADA MASYARAKAT DESA TREMAN KECAMATAN KAUDITAN
Authors: Bagaray David Adimulya , Mariat Ni Wayan , Leman Michael A.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Behavioral to maintain denture hygiene is an important factor in the success of denture care because they have a close relationship with the knowledge, attitudes, and actions of the user. A poormaintenance denture hygiene could cause problems for oral health such as caries, gingivitis, stomatitis, xerostomia, candidiasis and periodontal disease, especially in the removable denture based acrylic user with the low level of education and income.This study aims to determine the behavior of maintaining the hygiene of removable denture based acrylic on population at Treman village Kauditan district.This research was a descriptive study with cross sectional approach. The population in this study was that the Treman villagers that uses removable denture based acrylic a total of 75 people. This study used total population as research subjects and measured using a questionnaire.In maintaining hygiene of removable denture based acrylic, Treman villagers have knowledge which was classified in sufficient category with a score of 103, an attitude which was classified in good category with a score of 130, and act was classified in sufficient category with a score of 109.Behavior to maintain hygiene of removable denture based acrylic on population at Treman village Kauditan district was classified in sufficient category.Keywords: Behavior, denture user, removable denture based acrylic.Abstrak: Perilaku memelihara kebersihan gigi tiruan merupakan faktor penting dalam keberhasilan perawatan gigi tiruan karena mempunyai hubungan erat dengan pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan pengguna gigi tiruan.Pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi tiruan yang kurang baik dapat menimbulkan masalah bagi kesehatan gigi dan mulut seperti karies, gingivitis, stomatitis, xerostomia, kandidiasis, dan penyakit periodontal, terutama pada pengguna gigi tiruan lepasan berbasis akrilik dengan tingkat pendidikan dan penghasilan yang rendah.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku memelihara kebersihan gigi tiruan lepasan berbasis akrilik pada masyrarakat desa Treman kecamatan Kauditan.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional study.Populasi pada penelitian ini ialah seluruh masyarakat desa Treman yang menggunakan gigi tiruan lepasan berbasis akrilik yang berjumlah 75 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan total populasi sebagai subjek penelitian dan diukur menggunakan kuesioner.Dalam memelihara kebersihan gigi tiruan lepasan berbasis akrilik, masyarakat desa Treman memiliki pengetahuan yang tergolong dalam kategori cukup dengan skor 103, sikap yang tergolong dalam kategori baik dengan skor 130, dan tindakan yang tergolong dalam kategori cukup dengan skor 109.Perilaku memelihara kebersihan gigi tiruan lepasan berbasis akrilik pada masyarakat desa Treman kecamatan Kauditan tergolong dalam kategori cukup.Kata kunci: Perilaku, pengguna gigi tiruan, gigi tiruan lepasan berbasis akrilik.
GAMBARAN KEBERSIHAN MULUT DAN KARIES GIGI PADA VEGETARIAN LACTO-OVO DI JURUSAN KEPERAWATAN UNIVERSITAS KLABAT AIRMADIDI
Authors: Candra Michael W. , Ticoalu Shane H. R. , . Juliatri
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Good oral hygiene status can support oral health. The disease of the people in community is caries. Caries occur because of a lack of awareness about oral health. The purpose of this study to determine oral health overview and dental caries on lacto-ovo vegetarian in the department of nursing at the klabat university airmadidi. The population in this study that all students lacto-ovo vegetarian status III-VII semester student with a number of 150 people. The number of samples obtained from 60 people using the Slovin formula and how sampling using purposive sampling method. This kind of research is a descriptive cross sectional study. Based on the result of the study showed 60 samples examined 24 (40%) students who have optioned good oral hygiene, 36 (60%) students have mild oral hygiene, and no student has bad oral hygiene. Showed caries status 38(44,19%) students have caries, 27 (31,40%) students whose teeth removed due to decay or other indications. And 21 (24,42%) students get a permanent or temporary densities are still good. From the result about oral health overview and dental caries showed oral hygiene on lacto-ovo vegetarian in the department of nursing at the klabat university airmadidi in mild category however caries in low category.Keywords: oral hygiene and teeth caries, lacto-ovo vegetarianAbstrak: Status kebersihan mulut yang baik dapat menunjang kesehatan rongga mulut. Penyakit gigi yang banyak dialami masyarakat yaitu karies. Karies terjadi karena kurangnya kesadaran seseorang untuk menjaga kebersihan rongga mulutnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran kebersihan mulut dan karies gigi pada vegetarian Lacto-Ovo di jurusan keperawatan Universitas Klabat Airmadidi. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh mahasiswa vegetarian lacto-ovo yang berstatus mahasiswa semester III-VII dengan jumlah 150 orang. Jumlah sampel 60 orang diperoleh menggunakan rumus Slovin dan cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling method. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 60 sampel yang diperiksa didapatkan 24 (40%) mahasiswa yang mempunyai OHI-S baik, 36 (60%) mahasiswa mempunyai OHI-S sedang, dan tidak ada mahasiswa yang mempunyai OHI-S buruk. Status karies menunjukkan 38 (44,19%) mahasiswa mengalami karies, 27 (31,40%) mahasiswa yang giginya dicabut karena karies atau indikasi lainnya, dan 21 (24,42%) mahasiswa mendapatkan tumpatan tetap atau sementara yang masih bagus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tentang gambaran kebersihan mulut dan karies maka disimpulkan bahwa status kebersihan mulut pada vegetarian lacto-ovo di jurusan keperawatan Universitas Klabat Airmadidi termasuk kategori sedang sedangkan status karies termasuk dalam kategori rendah.Kata kunci : Kebersihan mulut dan karies gigi, Vegetarian lacto-ovo
PERILAKU PETANI ANGGOTA PERKUMPULAN PETANI PEMAKAI AIR (P3A) RUKUN SANTOSO DI DESA KONAROM BARAT KECAMATAN DUMOGA TENGGARA
Authors: . Suseno , Katiandagho Theodora M. , Wangke Wilson M.
Published: July 2019

The aim of research is to describe the Rukun Santoso water user associations (P3A) Konarom West Village, District Southeast Dumoga and analyze behaviour of its members. The collection of data was carried out for five months, from January until May 2015. The primary data collected through face to face interviews. Respondents was selected for 30 respondents by using random sampling mechanism. The interviews was conducted based on questionnaires that have prepared before. The secondary data was obtained through agencies that related to this research topic. The data analysis is descriptive. The results showed that knowledge of water user farmer groups in the organization is very good and then supported by the attitude of members of water user farmers is positive in favor of any program that is planned and the action of water user farmer association is good enough so that each program can run as expected.Keywords: knowledge, attitude, action, Rukun Santoso, Southeast Dumoga
KAJIAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM KEGIATAN PNPM MANDIRI DI KELURAHAN KLEAK KECAMATAN MALALAYANG KOTA MANADO
Authors: Wenda Yunius ., , Baroleh Jenny ., , Timban Jean F. J.
Published: July 2019

The research objective was to assess community participation in each phase of activity in the PNPM Urban at Kleak Village, Malalayang District of Manado City. The method used is qualitative method, which examines the public participation at every stage and sustainability of PNPM Urban. Informants in this study amounted to 5 people on the basis that they can represent the object under study, consisting of: Head of the village, the board of the Institute for Community Empowerment (LPM), Community Self-Supporting Agency, Project Management Team / TPK PNPM Mandiri, and community members. The results showed that people at KleakVillage participated in the implementation of each phase of activity PNPM. It is shown from the community who donated labor, materials and equipment to build their physical environment, but in contributing to the fund are indeed not all community memberwho voluntarily donate. The research conclude that in the process of planning the activities of the National Program for Community Empowerment (PNPM Urban Selfhelp) community in the Kleak Village, had participated fairly well. Kleak Village communities already participating in the implementation of PNPM it is seen from the community who donated labor, materials and equipment to build their physical environment, but in contributing to the fund are indeed some who voluntarily contribute.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN LOKASI TEMPAT PEMROSESAN AKHIR SAMPAH AIRMADIDI BAWAH KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA
Authors: Wakkary Marcell Zadke , Pangemanan Paulus A. , Rengkung Leonardus Ricky
Published: July 2019

Waste Treatment Location (TPA) in North Minahasa Regency need attention, because of the existing TPA has been ineffective so that will impact on the operational feasibility of the TPA. The current TPA is a reservoir of garbage from all over North Minahasa Regency. The management of waste in the TPA is only dredging and filling with the new waste. A new TPA becomes an urgency as a replacement for the old, because without the a new waste disposal location , may cause contamination. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of Waste Disposal Location  (TPA) in  Airmadidi Regency based on eligibility criteria of  Indonesia National Standard. The benefits of this research that it can be use as a reference for the Planning and Regional Development studies in North Minahasa Regency to determent the worthiness of the existing waste Treatment location, and can be taken into consideration for regional planning regarding the worthiness of the existing waste treatment location. Research results show that in TPA Airmadidi the level of feasibility is enough or qualified in terms with minor repairs. In the aspect of social and community perceptions  show that the level of eligibility Very Good, whereas in the physical aspects show that the aspects of waste management are at the feasibility level is less. It can be predicted that the capacity of Waste Treatment Location (TPA) in Airmadidi Regency until the end of 2025 is 458,121.9 metrics. This shows at the end of 2025 could still accommodate a charge of 8479.75 metrics with a high pile has reached 9.81 meter. It means that the existing TPA can still operate above 10 years but with less remaining operating time. However at the end of 2030, the existing TPA is already over load of 173,911.82 metrics with a height of pile 13.8 meter.
ANALISIS STUDI KELAYAKAN USAHA CHRISTINE KLAPPERTAART DI KAIRAGI WERU MANADO
Authors: Kawoka Yestelin . , Rantung Ventje V. , Pakasi Caroline B.D.
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the feasibility of Christine klapertaart in terms of non financial aspect and financial aspects.The result showed that non financial feasibility analysis shows Christine klapertaart feasible to proceed with supported aspects. Financial feasibilty analysis with 100 own capital is feasible with NPV value at df 18%., IRR is more than prescribed interest rate 18%, the value Profitability Index more than 1. Payback period shows that this business have returned investment within 2 years and 6 months 27 days.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN WISATA DANAU LINOUW DI KOTA TOMOHON PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Tabuni Darken , Kapantouw Gene H. M. , Rengkung Leonardo R.
Published: July 2019

North Sulawesi in addition to having some of the leading tourist attractions such as Bunaken Marine Park also has the attraction of alternative that still needs to be developed attractions include Lake Linouw in Tomohon. The purpose of this study was to identify appropriate development strategies in the tourist area of Lake Linouw in Tomohon, North Sulawesi. Research method was descriptive methods. Determination of the sample is based on non-probability sampling techniques. Collecting data through pre-survey, survey questionnaires, and study the literature. Data analysis has used SWOT analysis. The results showed that the tourist area of Linouw Lake at Tomohon, North Sulawesi is the growth strategies of concentration through vertical integration or the strategy of Rapid Growth Strategy (strategy of rapid growth). Therefore, it can be concluded that the main strategy to develop the tourist area of Lake Linouw be competitive position is strong and has a high tourist pull. Based on these research results, it is suggested that relevant parties should maintain tourist area Linouw Lake at Tomohon in a competitive position in the strong growth to improve tourist pull high and considering the relatively expensive tourist prices.
MOBILITAS PEKERJA DARI DESA MAUMBI KE KOTA MANADO
Authors: Tambuwun Dewi ., , Rengkung Leonardus R. , Ngangi Charles R.
Published: July 2019

Mobility is the movement of people from one region to the other region within a specified period. In other words, mobility is the movement of people to make the shift from a region or area of origin to other regions. As the capital of North Sulawesi, Manado and surrounding area have the role of mutual support between regions, where the City of Manado regarded as an area that became the purpose of work. The interdependence of the region between Manado and surrounding areas also can be seen in the relationship between the city of Manado with Maumbi village as an area of support, in terms of both formal and informal workers who worked in Manado. The increasing number of such workers has contributed to greater mobility of workers from Maumbi Village to Manado. This study aims to determine the mobility of wokers from the village Maumbi to Manado based on the push and pull factors of mobility. In answering this purpose of this study the collected primary data and secondary data have conducted. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method. While secondary data taken at the village office Maumbi include the state of the last inhabitants in 2014, according to the number of people living in 2014 and the Maumbi Village community who work in the city of Manado. The variables measured were age, family size, length of stay, education level, number of family members working in Manado, type of work, number of dependents, total revenues, total expenses, mileage, travel time, type of transport, and cost of transportation. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis by describing and explaining all the factors related to the mobility of workers from the village Maumbi to Manado. The results showed that the pull factor mobility of the village Maumbi to Manado occur due to the distance traveled, the type of transport, length of stay, number of family members, income, expenses, and transportation costs, while pull factor mobility occurs because, type of work, education , age, and number of family members who work in the city of Manado.
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP RENCANA RELOKASI AKIBAT BENCANA BANJIR (STUDI KASUS KELURAHAN DENDENGAN DALAM, KECAMATAN PAAL DUA)
Authors: Rau Frendy Oktavianus , L. S. Benu Olfie , Rengkung Leonardus R.
Published: July 2019

This research aimed to describe culture, social, physical, and economy condition, to find out public perception of the relocation plan, and to identify relationship between public perception and influence factors at Lingkungan I. This research was done for three months from Agustus to October 2015 at Kelurahan Dendengan Dalam Lingkungan I, Paal Dua Sub-District, Manado City, North Sulawesi Province. This research uses descriptive qualitative with method or case study approach. Data analysed in quantitative and qualitative with statistical analysis in tabulation, percentage, and scoring and then continued with chi-squared analysis. Result showed that people condition at Lingkungan I after flood disaster didn't affect familty economy which still in passably economy but physical condition changed to weak and socio-cultural condition became good while organization condition (government socialization effort) was in passably condition because public didn't understand enough or had awareness about the relocation plan. People of Lingkungan I, Kelurahan Dendengan Dalam, doubt and didn't agree with resettlement plan of government. Most of the public attitude were attitude of passably economy condition, weaker physical and fixed condition, low and passably good organization condition, and lack of (enough) public awareness about the whole relocation plan. Factors which have connection with public perception at Lingkungan I, Kelurahan Dendengan Dalam such as organization condition (government socialication effort) and the level of knowledge about the whole relocation plan, while economy, physic, and socio-cultural condition were not affect by that.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN AGROINDUSTRI KERIPIK SINGKONG DI KECAMATAN MAPANGET KOTA MANADO
Authors: Yasin Sulaiman ., , Lolowang Tommy F. , Wangke Welson ., , Katiandagho Theodora M.
Published: July 2019

This research purpose to identify about internal and external factor at keripik singkong agro-industry in Mapanget District, Manado City by formulating some strategies including SWOT matrix. The factor that become the main strength is production periodically, while the weakness factors is in transportation infrastructure. The Factors which became opportunity is creating jobs. The threat is in the nature erratic weather, there is support from the government, but lack of response from employers, agro-industry and human resources that have not been trained. Based on the result of research, it can be concluded that the appropriate strategy for agro-industry development of keripik singkong in Mapanget District Manado City is to apply aggressive strategy, that is improving the quality of technologies, from simple technology to modern renewable technologies: increase capital to improve business productivity and productivity of agro-industrial raw materials of farmers; add flavor product innovation Keripik Singkong to be varied so it could be increase consumer interest; in cooperation not only with suppliers (farmers) to ensure the availability of raw materials; employers should be more enthusiastic about the development of products related to the legality of its business; improving the quality of raw materials into organic raw materials; increase production to get benefit sustainbly and Coorporate with financial institutions such as banks to raise capital; collaborate with farmers who have the quality and quantity of good raw materials and take advantage of government support for training the workforce, for additional capital, and certification of products.*ls
ANALISIS PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU PADA USAHA KECIL MENENGAH PRODUK ROTI (STUDI KASUS UD NABILA DI DESA KALASEY, KECAMATAN MANDOLANG)
Authors: Kaluntas Sheila G., , Benu Noortje M. , Rori Yolanda P. I.
Published: July 2019

The aimed of the study to analyzed the supply of raw material of bread at UD Nabila more specifically the raw material of the flour, sugar, butter and eggs. This study was conducted for two months, since January 2016 until February 2016. The data used in this research are secondary data, the data obtained from UD Nabila and primary data by interviews to the owner of UD Nabila. The analysis used in this research used EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) to know when to make a reservation and determine amount to reserve. Based on the results of this research at UD Nabila, it can be concluded that in determining the purchase of a raw material UD Nabila, don’t have the good inventory management of raw recipes. UD Nabila has not been able to calculate the optimal purchase of raw material, which is the purchase of raw material UD Nabila is more than the use of raw recipes, it causing profuse costs.*ls*