bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Inflation, Interest Rates, And Money Supply on Deposit Funds
Authors: Yayan Luthfi Khoirina  , Yuniar Farida  , Moh. Hafiyusholeh  , Hani Khaulasari
Published: January 2025

Deposits are straightforward investment instruments that offer fixed interest over a specified period, serving as a profitable product for banks. They play a crucial role in supporting banking operations, particularly within the internal scope of the institution. This study aims to examine the causal relationships between deposit interest rates, inflation, and money supply on the total deposits held by banks. A Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is employed to investigate these relationships in both the short and long term. The analysis reveals that inflation and money supply significantly influence the volume of deposits in the short term. Conversely, deposit interest rates do not exhibit a substantial short-term impact on the total funds deposited. In the long term, all independent variables—deposit interest rates, inflation, and money supply—demonstrate a considerable effect on the amount of deposited funds. These findings provide valuable insights for banks, enabling them to optimize their funding strategies through deposit products while addressing challenges posed by macroeconomic fluctuations
Exploring the Impact of Cloud Service Quality on Customer Loyalty towards Cloud Service Providers: A Stimulus Organism Response (SOR) Approach
Authors: Syarifudin Nur Afan , Zaenal Abidin, S, Si., M, Cs., Ph. D.
Published: January 2025

Cloud computing, a versatile computing service offering processing power and data storage, presents numerous advantages including flexible payment models, expedited marketing processes, adaptable costs and capacities, cost-effective disaster recovery solutions, and enhanced global collaboration efficiency. Despite its merits, assessing cloud computing service adoption remains a challenge, especially concerning long-term factors like customer loyalty. This study endeavors to identify the determinants of user loyalty towards cloud services and assesses the predictive strength of the model. Employing a quantitative approach, the research integrates the SERVQUAL framework and the stimulus organism response (SOR) model, incorporating cloud service quality variables. Data collection, utilizing Google Forms and purposive sampling, targeted cloud service users aged 18 to 60. Analysis of responses from 286 participants was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS 4. The findings reveal the acceptance of 10 hypotheses, indicating significant influence of cloud service quality variables agility, service responsiveness, reliability, scalability, security, and assurance of service on user loyalty. Additionally, customer loyalty is influenced by factors including perceived brand image, customer satisfaction, and electronic word of mouth. The PLS-SEM model tested using PLSPredict that showed good strength for overall prediction variables. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of user loyalty dynamics within the context of cloud computing services, offering insights for service providers and researchers alike.
Upaya Sekolah Dalam Penanganan Perundungan Pada Siswa Di Smp Negeri 26 Semarang
Authors: Eka Kholil Wahyudin
Published: January 2025

Perundungan merupakan sebuah bentuk tindakan agresif yang dapat memberikan dampak berkepanjangan baik secara fisik maupun mental serta menjadi suatu permasalahan yang sangat kursial dan urgent untuk segera diatasi oleh sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) bentuk perundungan yang terjadi pada siswa di SMP Negeri 26 Semarang serta (2) upaya yang dilakukan sekolah dalam penanganan kasus perundungan pada siswa di SMP Negeri 26 Semarang. Metode penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan juga dokumentasi. Teknik keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman berupa pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk perundungan yang terjadi pada siswa di SMP Negeri 26 Semarang masih dalam skala ringan yang terbagi menjadi 3 (tiga) bentuk yaitu perundungan secara fisik, verbal, dan juga psikologis. Upaya yang dilakukan sekolah dalam penanganan kasus perundungan yang terjadi pada siswa dibagi kedalam 2 (dua) bentuk yaitu, 1) upaya preventif (pencegahan) berupa; (a) sosialisasi anti perundungan, (b) program pembiasaan pagi, (c) pengadaan kotak pengaduan masalah, (d) pengadaan poster stop perundungan, (e) pembuatan tata tertib, (f) pendidikan klasikal, dan (g) diadakannya pendidikan karakter. 2) Upaya represif (tindak lanjut) seperti (a) pembinaan (pemberian nasihat serta pemanggilan orang tua guna mediasi), serta (b) pemberian hukuman (pemberian skorsing). Dimana upaya-upaya tersebut telah cukup optimal dalam menangani perundungan yang terjadi di SMP Negeri 26 Semarang yaitu dibuktikan dengan adanya penurunan terhadap angka kasus perundungan yang terjadi.
ПОСТУПЛЕНИЕ ДРЕВЕСНОГО ОПАДА НА ПОВЕРХНОСТЬ ПОЧВЫ СРЕДНЕТАЕЖНЫХ СОСНЯКОВ НА ЕВРОПЕЙСКОМ СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОКЕ РОССИИ
Authors: ОСИПОВ А.Ф.
Published: January 2025

Растительный опад является связующим потоком между фитоценозом и почвой, а его разложение оказывает влияние на скорость накопления органического вещества в почве. Несмотря на большой фактический материал по массе опада в сосняках России, обобщенные оценки роли условий произрастания в этом процессе единичны. По итогам пятилетних наблюдений (2017-2022 гг.) установлена относительно постоянная скорость потока органического вещества от древесных растений на поверхность лесной подстилки, которая может изредка нарушаться вследствие значительного опада ветвей в зимний период. В среднем поступление опада в сосняке бруснично-лишайниковом составило 233.4 г/(м2 год), черничном - 206.1, сфагновом - 109.6 г/(м2 год), большая часть которого (66-72 %) формируется с мая по октябрь. В относительно чистых по составу насаждениях хвоя сосны ( Pinus L.) образует 48-62 % от общей массы опада. Существенный вклад также вносят ветви (12-16 %, преимущественно сосновые) и кора сосны (12-14 %). Выявлено, что условия произрастания влияют на долю хвои и шишек сосны, листьев березы ( Betula L.) в общем количестве древесного опада.

Plant litter is a connecting flux between plants and soil, and the rate of soil organic matter accumulation depends on its decomposition. Despite the abundance of data on the mass of litterfall in Russian pine forests, generalized assessments of the influence of growing conditions on this process are rare. Approximately constant rate of organic matter flux from tree plants on forest floor surface was detected base on 5 years of observation (during 2017-2022) that can rarely be disturbed due to significant litterfall of branches during winter. The tree litterfall influx in pine forest of Lichen type was 233.4 g/m2 per year, in bilberry type pine forest - 206.1, and in Sphagnosa type pine forest - 109.6 g/m2 per year much of that (66-72 %) formed from May to October. In relatively clear on composition pine forests pine needle produce 48-62 % from total litterfall. Branches (predominantly pine) and pine bark has a significant input that reach to 12-16 % and 12-14 % from tree litterfall, respectively. Growing conditions influence the share of birch ( Betula L.) eaves, pine needle and cones in total mass of litterfall. Obtained data can be used to assess the cycle of matter and carbon in the pine forests of the northern taiga zone.
Prefrontal cortex responses to game rewards and losses in individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder: Insights from fNIRS during mobile gameplay
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Liu Dongyu , Li Jiaqi , Zheng Xinyu , Zhou Shutong , Elhai Jon D. , Montag Christian , Yang Haibo
Published: January 2025

Aims

This study aimed to explore the brain activity characteristics of individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) during mobile gameplay, focusing on neural responses to positive and negative game events. The findings may enhance our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying IGD.

Methods

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was employed to measure hemodynamic responses (HbO/HbR) in the prefrontal cortex of both IGD participants and recreational gaming users (RGU), during solo and multiplayer mobile gameplay.

Results

In solo mode, IGD participants exhibited stronger activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dLPFC), frontopolar area (FPA), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in response to positive events compared to RGU. Negative events led to reduced activation in the FPA among IGD participants. In multiplayer mode, IGD participants displayed lower activation in the dLPFC and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vLPFC), although overall brain response trends to positive and negative events were similar between IGD and RGU.

Conclusions

This study suggests that individuals with IGD exhibit heightened sensitivity to rewards and diminished sensitivity to losses, along with potential impairments in the executive control network. These results contribute to a better understanding of the neural mechanisms of IGD and offer insights for developing targeted interventions aimed at addressing abnormal reward and loss processing.
Satellite leveling as an alternative to classic height measurements for typical engineering problems
Authors: Mszanik Mateusz , Gargula Tadeusz
Published: January 2025

As part of this work, test measurements were carried out for the determination of the height of points by satellite levelling method with the use of real-time technology (RTK/RTN GNSS). The basis of the measurement was a specially set up (marked) grid of test points. Before starting the measurement, the satellite receiver was checked (for accuracy) on two nearby detailed matrix points. The satellite observations were repeated several times at each point in independent measurement sessions. For comparison purposes, height measurements of the test points were also taken using two classical methods: geometric levelling and trigonometric levelling. Then, based on the determined heights of the points (separately for each measurement method), the volume of earth masses was calculated for the solid formed by the test grid area and the adopted reference level. A further application of the determined point heights of the test grid was the drawing of contour lines. The criteria adopted in the comparative analysis of the obtained results were the deviation of the point height in relation to the base value (obtained from geometrical levelling), the difference in the volume of earth masses for individual measurement methods and the degree of similarity of the drawing of contour lines. Conclusions from the performed analysis will make it possible to assess the suitability of satellite height measurement using the RTK/ RTN technique for typical surveying tasks.
Botulotoxin as the most typical product of the biotechnology for aesthetic cosmetology and the study of subjective attitude towards its use among the Ukrainian population sample
Authors: Filiptsova Olga , Naboka Olga , Khokhlenkova Natalia , Kalashnik Kateryna , Kaliuzhnaia Olha , Dvinskykh Nataliia , Soloviova Alina , Zakhariev Andriy , Petrovska Liudmyla
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of botulinum therapy in aesthetic cosmetology and to consider the influence of various factors on the decision to perform the procedure.
Materials and methods. The work used content analysis of literary sources, analytical method, and online survey of females and males of different generations regarding the botulinum therapy procedure.
Results and discussion. Botulinum toxin was historically first used to smooth glabellar wrinkles, and then its use was expanded to other areas of the face. There are seven types of botulinum toxin (A, B, C, D, E, F, and G). Experience with the use of botulinum therapy for aesthetic purposes shows that clinical ineffectiveness is extremely rare. Depending on gender, the reaction to procedures with the introduction of botulinum toxin for cosmetic purposes is different. Females are more aware of the botulinum therapy procedure than males. Botulinum toxin therapy is most common among younger adults (25 to 39 years old).
Conclusions. Interest in botulinum toxin therapy increases with age. People, interested in botulinum toxin therapy, are more likely to visit a cosmetologist regularly. Profession affects person’s involvement in the botulinum toxin therapy procedure. The largest proportion of the respondents who have undergone botulinum toxin therapy is observed among the medical and beauty sectors, business and management. The largest number of the respondents who want to try botulinum toxin therapy is among students. This may indicate the openness of the younger generation to experiments and understanding the importance of continuing their youth in the future for as long as possible. The study showed that BMI does not affect respondents’ involvement in the botulinum toxin therapy procedure. The Internet is the main source of information about botulinum toxin therapy for a significant number of the respondents, regardless of their involvement in this procedure. The participants prioritize the result of botulinum toxin therapy, not its cost
Effectiveness of a new combined remedy based on a derivative of dicarbonic acid in conditions of drug-induced hepatitis
Authors: Morozyuk Anastasia , Kudrya Maria , Melnykivska Natalya , Ustenko Nonna , Laryanovska Yulia
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of a new combined remedy based on dicarboxylic acid and a selenium-containing compound on the functional and metabolic state of the liver in conditions of prolonged paracetamol-induced hepatitis.
Materials and methods The study was conducted on outbred white rats weighing 200-250 g in compliance with all principles of ethical treatment of animals. Drug-induced liver injury was modeled by oral administration of paracetamol per os for four weeks at a dose of 600 mg per kg body weight. Animals were divided into groups: I - control, which was injected with a solvent (2 % starch solution); II - rats with paracetamol-induced hepatitis; III - rats with hepatitis, which received a new agent based on a dicarboxylic acid derivative and a selenium-containing compound at a dose of 32 mg/kg b.w. Verification of functional and metabolic disorders of the liver was carried out using biochemical methods and histological examination of the liver tissue.
Results Significant changes in the activity of hepatic enzymes in animals from the induced hepatitis group compared to intact control animals, increased levels of sialic acids in the blood serum and liver, etc. were recorded. Structural changes in the liver tissue of animals with induced hepatitis were also observed compared to intact control animals. The use of the new remedy led to the normalization of the indicators.
Conclusions. In the conditions of paracetamol-induced hepatitis, changes in biochemical parameters in the blood serum and liver homogenate were observed, indicating the development of autoimmune processes in the body. Correction with the new remedy led to the restoration of liver enzyme activity and a decrease in the content of sialic acids in the blood serum and liver homogenate of experimental animals. The new combined remedy based on a dicarboxylic acid derivative and a selenium-containing compound is effective and promising as a potential drug for the correction of liver disorders in the setting of drug-induced hepatitis
Analysis of machine learning models for forecasting retail resources
Authors: Teslenko Pavlo , Barskyi Serhii
Published: January 2025

The object of research is the process of forecasting loosely structured data of retail artifacts by means of machine learning.
The paper analyzes data and models for forecasting retail resources. The analysis is carried out for a specific business situation and task, when a large corporation needs a fuller loading of its own warehouses with goods and resources that will be used in future periods for sale or in projects. The task is to reduce overall corporate costs by purchasing the necessary goods/resources in advance. The data required for forecasting, their sources and properties are defined. It is shown that the data will come from different sources, will have a different time interval, categorical component and logistic reference. RNN, LSTM, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, XGBoost models and forecasting methods were chosen for such data. They were analyzed according to the criteria of data source, time interval, categorization of data, availability of a logistic component, flexibility of tools in working with heterogeneous data, requirements of tools for computing resources, interpretability of modeling results.
Data sources explain where the data for analysis comes from. Usually it is: stores, warehouses, logistics companies, projects and strategic plans of the corporation. The time interval characterizes the frequency and regularity of receiving data for analysis. The criterion "data categorization" characterizes how this type of data affects the quality of the analysis. The logistic parameters of the data also characterize the impact on the analysis. "Flexibility in working with heterogeneous data" shows the ability of the model to effectively work with data of different formats and sources. Requirements for computing resources determine their necessary power for training and operation of the model. Interpretability of a model characterizes its ability to explain how and why it makes specific decisions or predictions based on input data. The more complex the model, the more difficult it is to interpret. In the retail business, interpretability is important for explaining demand forecasts.
Based on the results of the analysis, the XGBoost model was recommended as the best for forecasting retail resources.
Improvement of the process of preparing cargo tanks of crude oil tankers for cargo operations
Authors: Kolegaev Mykhaylo , Brazhnik Igor
Published: January 2025

The object of research is the process of inerting the cargo tank of an oil tanker. Issues related to improving the process of preparing cargo tanks of oil tankers for cargo operations are considered. It is noted that the efficiency of oil tanker operation, in addition to transport operations, is determined by the technologies used during the preparation of the vessel for receiving new cargo. One of such technologies is the inerting cargo tanks, which precedes any cargo operations. The study was aimed at improving the inert flue gas system by using a new technology for supplying jets of inert gas to the cargo tanks of an oil tanker. The main task of the research is to establish the degree of influence of the gas flow parameters (formed by the inert flue gas generator) at the entrance to the cargo tank on the nature of the change in air concentration in the entire volume of the tank. The final result of solving this scientific and applied problem is determined to be a reduction in the inerting time of cargo spaces of oil tankers. During the experiments, the supply of inert gas to the cargo hold was provided according to three technological schemes. The first contained only one jet source with an opening angle of 60°, which was located at the central point of the cargo tank bottom. The second contained four sources of inert gas jets, which were located crosswise on the tank bottom. The nozzles were installed diagonally in the centers of four identical rectangular zones of the tank bottom. Their opening angle to create a conical jet torch was 30°. The number of sources of inert gas jets of the third scheme was five. At the beginning of the inert gas supply process, four sources were used, which were located at the corners of the tank with an opening angle of 30°. When the initial value of the oxygen concentration in the air was reduced by thirty percent, the inert gas was supplied only from the fifth – the central jet source. It used a nozzle that creates 90° cone opening angle of the jet torch. With the start of operation of the central nozzle, all angular sources of inert gas jets were turned off. It has been proven that this scheme ensures an improvement in the inerting process of an oil tanker, which is reflected in a reduction in the time required for its implementation.
The transformative impact of large language models in healthcare
Authors: Shalko Myroslava , Domina Oksana , Korobko Igor , Melnyk Daryna , Andriushchenko Anhelina
Published: January 2025

Over the past decade, we have witnessed rapid technological advances in healthcare. The main signs of this are the provision of higher quality medical services, lower costs, and improved access to preventive measures. Modern digitalization is represented by various tools in the healthcare system. Support and further development in these areas is the key to, firstly, creating appropriate living conditions, secondly, increasing the age limit for the population, and thirdly, developing a healthy nation around the world. The object of this work is Large Language Models (LLMs), namely, the streamlining of actions for their application in the healthcare system, which is a driving factor for modern changes and improvement of this area of life support in general. This study presents the material on the application of artificial intelligence in the healthcare system through a comprehensive review of medical scientific literature, summarizing the practical application of large language models, and analyzing the main advantages and disadvantages of the current state of digitalization in the industry. By using the methods of observation, generalization, systematization and comparison, the authors have achieved results in determining the significance of the use of large language models. It is also determined that the introduction of artificial intelligence has positive results, but needs to be improved. The formalized and specific comparisons of the diagnoses made by a doctor and artificial intelligence do not coincide with the chosen treatment history, which indicates an imbalance and can potentially harm the patient. The results show the need to improve large language models. In general, this applies to issues such as training of medical staff, identification of implementation methods, systematization of management tools, and expansion of information system databases (including protection of patients' personal data).
Optimization of the concrete production process in terms of energy consumption
Authors: Levchenko Oleksandr , Korobko Bogdan
Published: January 2025

The object of study is the power supply system of a concrete mixing plant. The research made it possible to identify and eliminate the shortcomings of the existing power supply system in order to increase its energy efficiency and productivity. A new concept has been proposed, which provides for an individual arrangement of bins with isolated conveyors for each of them.
The study revealed a number of significant advantages of the proposed system, namely:
– separate conveyors for each hopper allow to optimize the routes of material movement, avoid unnecessary movements and reduce the load on the drives;
– the use of modern electric motors with high efficiency and other energy-saving components can further reduce energy consumption;
– due to the independent operation of each hopper, it is possible to load different materials in parallel, which reduces the time required to prepare a new portion of the concrete mixture;
– the absence of a common hopper reduces the risk of congestion and obstacles that can lead to equipment downtime;
– due to the independence of each hopper, different types of concrete mixtures can be prepared simultaneously.
However, there are some potential disadvantages and risks to consider before implementing a new system, including:
– the implementation of a new system may require significant investment in new equipment and installation;
– the number of system components increases, which may complicate its maintenance and repair;
– the efficient operation of the new system requires the development of special software and automation systems.
Despite some drawbacks, the introduction of a power supply system for a concrete mixing plant is a promising direction for the development of the machine-building and construction industry. The results of the study indicate the high efficiency of this technology and its economic feasibility in the long term.
Regional clustering of FEC enterprises to strengthen the country's economic security
Authors: Liezina Anastasiia , Andriushchenko Kateryna , Domina Oksana , Titova Olena , Petukhova Helena
Published: January 2025

The object of this work is the process of strengthening the economic security of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine. The work considers the issue of dividing business entities of different forms of ownership into clusters according to their territorial affiliation and features of functioning. A characteristic feature of the territorial organization of the energy complex of Ukraine is not the isolated location of its production facilities, but the functioning of most of them in energy systems and close interconnection. As a result of the proposed methods of cluster analysis, similarity, correlation and Euclidean distance, a division into territorial clusters was carried out according to the studied industry. The results obtained are presented in a matrix representation, which helped to adjust possible cluster similarities and determine them due to territorial proximity and results of financial activity. Further research is devoted to determining the changes in indicators over the past five years regarding such characteristics as: economic growth of the cluster, interconnection with other clusters, financial stability of the cluster and socio-economic development. This helped to generalize the analyzed data and identify the weaknesses and strengths of energy enterprises. It was determined that the leaders among the positive generalized results are the Black Sea cluster (34.88/1) and the Capital (30.34/2) cluster and Podilskyi (27.91/3). And the negative ones are the Central (25.15/9), Prydniprovskyi (26.09/8) and TO Donetsk (27.26/7). The results obtained are explained by the diversity of financial results of companies over a five-year period, as well as the constant change in factors of external influence on critical infrastructure facilities. The proposed measures for dividing enterprises into clusters are aimed at further maintaining the existing level of economic security. They are also aimed at protecting all sources of energy generation by enterprises and further prospects for renewal and/or reconstruction in the chain of energy services from production to the end consumer, which should become a priority area of development for the country.
THE AROMA OF STRAWBERRIES GROWN IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Zamorska I. , Zamorskyi V. , Belinska S.
Published: January 2025

The content and composition of volatile aroma compounds in strawberries of the Ducat, Honey and Polka varieties were studied using GCMS analysis. To identify volatile compounds, an Agilent Technologies 6890 chromatograph with a 5973 mass spectrometric detector and a DB-5 chromatographic capillary column (inside diameter 0.25 mm and length 30 m) was used. Esters (12.8-41.8 %), aldehydes (5.9-15.9 %), ketones (8.7-35.6 %), furanones (22.7-24.4 %), organic acids (2.47-21.85 %), aroma compounds, lactones, terpenic compounds and alkanes were identified in the aroma. It was found that the aroma of strawberries of the Polka variety is presented by ethyl butanoate (30.7 %), 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy-3(2H)-furanone (mesifurane) (19.9 %), trans-2-hexenal (15.6 %), acetoin acetoin (8.7 %) and 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone (3.7 %). Ducat berries contain – acetoin (35.7%), 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy-3(2H)-furanone (mesifurane) (19.8%), trans-2-hexenal (11.3%), ethyl butanoate (10.1%) and 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy -3(2H)-furanone (4.4%). The main aroma compounds of Honey berries are 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy-3(2H)-furanone (mesifurane) (19.1 %), ethyl butanoate (14.1 %), hexanoic (caproic) acid (9.5 %), acetoin (8.2 %), trans-2-hexenal (5.3 %), hexadecanoic acid (5.1 %), 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone (3.4 %). In terms of aroma activity in berries, 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy-3(2H)-furanone (mesifurane) and 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone (furaneol) prevail, with slightly lower activity of ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, ethyl butanoate and trans-2-hexenal. It has been proven that the aroma of strawberries grown in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine is most characterised by sweet, caramel tones, while fruit and green tones are less pronounced.
IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF THE LACTOBACILLUS DELBRUECKII SUBSP. BULGARICUS LB 86 ENZYME LYSATE
Authors: Lаzarenko L. , Orіabinska L. , Bohdan T.
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study was to immunomodulatory activity of the enzyme lysate of probiotic culture Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB86 for the development of a functionally active substance based on it with a deliberate action forapplication in cosmetology and medicine. In vitro and in vivo experiments, using an experimental model of intact BALB/c mice, investigated the effect of enzyme lysate on the functional activity of animal peritoneal exudate macrophages and the production of immunoregulatory cytokines, using conventional research methods. The enzyme lysate of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB86 showed immunomodulatory activity aimed at altering the activity of macrophages, as well as the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which are involved in balancing the immune response of the Th1- and Th2- type. Under the action of this enzyme lysate in vitro, the indicator of phagocytosis (PhI) of the peritoneal cavity macrophages of intact BALB/c mice was enhanced and after its intragastric administration to these mice, the increase of the parameters of spontaneous and stimulated NBT test of macrophages was observed and increase (on the 6th day after its introduction) in the levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ in the blood serum of mice treated with this enzyme lysate was noted against the background of an increase in the ratio of INF-γ/IL-4, which also indicated its potential ability to activate the cellular immune response. It has been established that the enzyme lysate of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB86 after intragastric administration to intact mice does not directly participate in modulation of intestinal microbiota and throughout the entire observation period in the intestinal contents the number of lacto- and bifidobacteria in the intestinal contents was maintained at the level of control indicators. The number of aerobic and optional anaerobic bacteria, including staphylococci, streptococci, colimorphic bacteria and microscopic fungi also did not change. Obtained data of immunomodulatory activity of the enzyme lysate of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB86 may indicate the potential prospects for its practical use in therapeutic and prophylactic drugs.
Exploring Social Identities in Indonesia: The Role of Religious and Ethnic Identities in Evaluating Well-Being
Authors: Setiawan Tery , Riasnugrahani Missiliana , Theresia Ellen , Dwijayanthy Meta , Sulastra Marissa Chitra
Published: January 2025

This study examines the role of religious and ethnic identities on individuals’ reported relational well-being (RWB) in Indonesia. Our findings reveal that religious identity significantly impacts life evaluations, with active engagement in religious practices positively correlating with RWB. Conversely, ethnic identity does not demonstrate a significant association with RWB, particularly among younger adults, suggesting that positive religious relationships may supersede ethnic affiliations in well-being assessments. Notably, while particularistic and religiocentrism beliefs do not correlate with RWB, the salience of religious values, such as the principle of treating others as one wishes to be treated, exhibits a positive relationship with life evaluations. This underscores the importance of religious identity over ethnic identity in shaping well-being. The study contributes valuable insights for scholars and policymakers aiming to foster intergroup harmony and enhance life satisfaction through social identity interventions.
Sociology of Russophilia in Azerbaijan: A Classification for Russophile Social Groups
Authors: Jabarov Jahandar
Published: January 2025

Azerbaijan, which has long historical, cultural, and political and economic relations with Russia, has various Russophile social groups formed during the period of independence. This study aims to classify the Russophile social groups in Azerbaijan and generalize their characteristics, naming each social group according to its motivation. In this regard, according to the results of the research conducted among Azerbaijanis over the age of 18 in 2022–2023, there are six Russophile social groups in Azerbaijan, which can be called Ethnic Russians, Russian-educated, Communists, Nostalgics, Dependents, and Iranophiles. Each of these social groups has different motivations and different characteristics in relation to Russia and Russian culture. This gives a reason to suggest that there is a mosaic view in relation to Russia and Russian culture in Azerbaijan. According to results of the research, social groups in Azerbaijan exhibit a shared desire for improved relations with Russia and a common interest in promoting the Russian language. Anti-American sentiments pervade some groups, signaling a geopolitical alignment away from the West. Notable differences include Iranophiles’ religious ties to Iran, Dependents’ economic focus on Russia, and varied emphases among Nostalgists, Communists, Russian-educated, and Ethnic Russians, reflecting nuanced geopolitical perspectives within the overarching Russophile sentiment.
Influence of Globalization on the Transformation of Kazakh Traditions and Culture: A Case Study of Southern Kazakhstan
Authors: Syzdykova Makhpal , Abikenov Zharkynbek , Abdiramanova Aigul , Ilyassova Elmira
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the complex evolution of Turkic cultural identities within the framework of Soviet ideology, emphasizing the impact of Marxist–Leninist principles on historiography and cultural policies. The authors analyze the views of scholars and the public on traditional and innovative culture in the context of globalization and digitalization. The study consists of an analysis of scientific literature and a public online survey. The issues of traditional and innovative culture hold a special place in modern developing society. A harmony between traditional and innovative culture, on the one hand, guarantees development and, on the other hand, preserves the most important time-honored values for society. This paper addresses this issue from the standpoint of a multinational society where the preservation of traditional norms is vital for preserving national identity. Ultimately, the study concludes that the traditional culture of southern Kazakhstan faces deterioration and therefore needs to be supported by state and public means.
Innovations in Human Resource Management: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ali Redar Hameed , Fedorova Alena E.
Published: January 2025

The present study investigates how research related to innovation is constructed using various intellectual frameworks as well as identifies pertinent references, authors, themes, and journals. To do so, we employed bibliometric methodologies to analyze 1,947 papers published between 2003 and 2023. We identified three publication periods that influenced the development of research in this sector. In addition, we found that technological improvements in human resource management (HRM) have led to a transformation of worldwide operations thus providing numerous advantages to human resources departments. This study emphasizes the influence of technology on HRM, encompassing electronic databases, electronic HRM, and digital platforms. In addition, it shows that a theoretical basis has emerged for the classification of innovative technologies in HRM, which is essential to the development of new conceptual models of HRM in the digital era. In general, the study contributes to the body of literature on HRM and provides guidance for future research.
منهجُ الشَّاطبيّ والأشمونيّ في شرحِ ألفيَّةِ ابنِ مالك
Authors: جبالي عبير
Published: January 2025

الملخص
هذا البحثُ قراءةٌ في منهجِ العالِمَيْنِ الكبيرَيْنِ الشّاطبيّ والأشمونيّ خلالَ شرحِهِما لألفيَّةِ ابنِ مالك، حيثُ يتألَّفُ من ملخَّصٍ ومقدِّمةٍ ومبحثينِ. يتألَّفُ المبحثُ الأوَّلُ من أربعةِ مطالب. المطلبُ الأوَّلُ يتحدَّثُ بإيجازٍ عن الشَّاطبيّ وحياتِهِ ومكانتِهِ العلميَّةِ، والمطلبُ الثَّاني يتناولُ منهجَهُ في شرحِ الألفيَّةِ، في حين يتحدَّثُ المطلبُ الثَّالثُ عن مصادرِهِ المعتمدةِ في الشَّرحِ، وأسلوبِ مناقشتِهِ في المطلبِ الرَّابعِ. والفصلُ الثَّاني يتحدَّثُ عنِ الأشمونيّ ومنهجِهِ في شرحِ الألفيَّةِ بمطالبَ أربعةٍ أيضًا. والمطلبُ الأوَّلُ يتحدَّثُ عن حياةِ الأشمونيّ، والمطلبُ الثَّاني يتناولُ منهجَهُ في شرحِ الألفيَّةِ، والثَّالثُ يبيِّنُ مصادرَهُ في الشَّرحِ، على أن يتناولَ المطلبُ الرَّابعُ أسلوبَهُ في المناقشةِ. وقد خلصَ البحثُ إلى عدَّةِ نتائجَ أهمُّها المكانةُ الكبيرةُ للشَّرحِ المقدَّمِ من العالِمَيْنِ في توضيحِ ما أتى بهِ ابنُ مالكٍ في ألفيَّتِهِ، والدَّورُ المهمُّ في تطويرِ الفكرِ النَّحويِّ وتقريبِهِ من ذهنِ المتلقّي، وما خلَّفتْهُ هذهِ الشُّروحُ مِنْ مَنفعةٍ لطلّابِ العلمِ، الأمرُ الّذي شذَّبَ النَّحوَ مِنَ التَّعقيدِ وحبَّبَهُ أكثرَ لمتتبِّعيهِ.
الكلمات المفتاحيّة: الأشمونيّ، الشّاطبيّ، الألفيّة، ابن مالك.
الفعلُ منْ حيثُ الزَّمنِ بينَ العربيَّةِ والتُّركيَّةِ
Authors: ساري كول , النعيمي ناصر
Published: January 2025

الملخص
يهدفُ هذا البحثُ إلى دراسةِ زمنِ الفعلِ بينَ العربيَّةِ والتُّركيَّةِ للنَّظرِ في أوجهِ التَّشابهِ والاختلافِ، والحديثِ عنِ المشكلاتِ الّتي يواجهُهَا الطَّالبُ التُّركيّ نتيجةَ اختلافِ جوانبِ دراسةِ زمنِ الفعلِ بينَ اللُّغتينِ، وذلكَ لاستيعابِ طبيعةِ هذا الاختلافِ وفهمِ الأسبابِ الكامنةِ وراءَهُ، وَفقَ منهجٍ وصفيٍّ. وتكمنُ أهميَّةُ هذا المنهجِ في وصفِهِ مشكلةَ الدِّراسةِ بطريقةٍ علميَّةٍ، ثمَّ الوصولِ إلى تفسيراتٍ منطقيَّةٍ لها دلائلُ وبراهينُ تُعينُ على وضعِ أُطُرٍ محدَّدةٍ للمشكلةِ. ويُعرضُ مفهومُ الزَّمنِ في اللُّغةِ التُّركيَّةِ في هذا البحثِ وتقسيماتِهِ الأساسيَّةِ، وفلسفتِهِ الخاصَّةِ، ويُقارَنُ ذلكَ بالزَّمنِ في اللُّغةِ العربيَّةِ؛ وذلكَ للوصولِ إلى نتائجَ تتعلَّقُ بطريقةِ الفهمِ المختلفِ لموضوعِ الزَّمنِ في كِلتَا اللُّغتينِ وأوجهِ الشَّبهِ بينهُمَا، وتأثيرِ هذا الاختلافِ في تعليمِ العربيَّةِ للطَّلَبَةِ الأتراكِ والمشكلاتِ الّتي تنتجُ عنْ ذلكَ. وتبيَّنَ مِنْ خلالِ البحثِ أنّ هناكَ اختلافًا واضحًا في تقسيمِ الأفعالِ ودلالتِها على الزَّمنِ نتيجةَ اختلافِ منظورِ اللُّغويّينَ العربِ والأتراكِ إلى الزَّمنِ، وكيفيَّةِ التَّعبيرِ عنْهُ. فالتَّوسُّعُ الملحوظُ في تقسيمِ الأفعالِ في اللُّغةِ التُّركيَّةِ سببُهُ وجودُ ارتباطاتٍ عدَّةٍ ينبغي مراعاتُها، فقد يأتي الزَّمنُ مرتبطًا بالموقفِ وحالِ المتكلِّمِ وغيرِ ذلكَ مِنَ الارتباطاتِ.
الكلمات المفتاحيّة: الأزمنة المركّبة، تقسيم الزّمن، دلالة الزّمن، لواحق الزّمن، مفهوم الزّمن.
Efficacy of native entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Koca Abdurrahman Sami
Published: January 2025

Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a significant agricultural pest with resistance to conventional synthetic insecticides. The present study, conducted in 2024 at Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Biological Control Laboratory, investigated the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) against six larval stages of H. armigera. Three conidial concentrations (1×10⁶, 1×10⁷, and 1×10⁸ conidia ml⁻¹) were evaluated. This study analyzed the effects of varying spore concentrations of B. bassiana on the mortality of H. armigera larvae, considering days post-application, dose, and larval stage. Lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) and lethal time values (LT50 and LT90) were calculated using probit analysis. Mortality increased with dose and was highest in early instars, particularly at 1×10⁸ conidia ml⁻¹, where LT₅₀ and LT₉₀ values for first instars were 4.05 and 8.10 days, respectively. Older instars exhibited lower mortality rates. LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ decreased with increasing concentrations, achieving 100% mortality in the first and second instars across all doses. Third instars displayed dose-dependent mortality, with LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values of 6.88×10⁸ and 1.94×10⁴ conidia ml⁻¹, respectively. Higher spore concentrations reduced LT₅₀ and LT₉₀, enhancing mortality rates in younger larvae. These findings underscore the efficacy of B. bassiana against early larval stages, emphasizing the importance of application timing for effective biological control and its potential role in integrated pest management strategies.
Pedagogical and Content Knowledge: Geography Teachers’ and Students’ Perceptions
Authors: Kinley Dem  , Kinley Seden
Published: January 2025

This convergent parallel mixed-methods study, grounded in a pragmatist worldview, explored the perceptions of geography teachers' pedagogical and content knowledge (PCK) in secondary schools across five central-eastern regions of Bhutan. The research involved 42 teachers (22M and 21F) and 139 students (69M and 70F), selected through stratified random and purposive sampling, with additional interviews conducted with 10 teachers and 10 students. Descriptive analysis was performed on survey data, while interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that both teachers and students have a comprehensive understanding of PCK and its critical role in effective content delivery. While participants expressed positive perceptions of teachers' PCK, the study identified significant challenges, including limited subject knowledge, resource constraints, and time limitations, underscoring the need for continuous professional development. Teachers employed various strategies to address these challenges, such as leveraging social media, co-teaching, and engaging in self-reflection. The study highlights the positive impact of strong PCK on teaching and learning outcomes and emphasises the necessity of subject-specific training to bridge the gap between pedagogical knowledge and practical application. However, the exclusive focus on geography limits the study's generalisability, suggesting that further research with a larger and more diverse sample is required to comprehensively understand the factors influencing PCK.
Enhancing Chemistry Education Through Professional Development of Secondary School Chemistry Teachers Using Open Educational Resources
Authors: Reeta Rai  , Sonam Rinchen  , Kezang Choden  , Lhapchu Lhapchu
Published: January 2025

Chemistry, a core element of STEM education. It helps understand matter and its interactions while bridging sciences and fostering critical thinking. It also offers careers in medicine, biotechnology, and sustainability, driving innovations in health and technology However, its teaching is challenging due to complex concepts, calculations, and laboratory safety concerns. Bhutanese students often struggle to comprehend chemistry and its practical application, relying heavily on rote memorisation. Research suggests that professional development can improve teaching and learning outcomes. This study assessed the impact of Open Educational Resources (OERs) on the professional development of Bhutanese secondary chemistry teachers, aiming to enhance their content knowledge, pedagogical skills, and inclusive practices. A mixed methods approach was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the OERs, using pre-test and post-test, lesson plans, reflections, classroom observations, and interviews. Additionally, a Community of Practice (CoP) network on Telegram was analysed to understand the dynamics of knowledge-sharing and learning within the community. The results indicated that the OERs and the CoP network supported the enhancement of teachers' knowledge, pedagogical skills, and inclusive practices. This suggests that educational institutions should leverage OERs and CoP platforms to promote equitable, high-quality professional development for teachers.
Bridging the Gap: Interactive Video Interventions in High School Biology Education for Misconception Rectification in Bhutan
Authors: Kinzang Dorji  , Bal Bahadur Mongar  , Kinley  , Ran Singh Tamang
Published: January 2025

Persistent misconceptions pose significant challenges in science education, particularly in biology, hindering students' acquisition of accurate knowledge and scientific literacy. This study investigated the efficacy of interactive educational videos in addressing misconceptions among high school biology students in Bhutan. Using a quasi-experimental design, the study involved 228 students who participated in pre-tests, interventions, post-tests, and post-retention tests. Prevalent misconceptions highlighted the need for effective instructional interventions. Statistical analyses revealed substantial improvement in post-test scores within the experiment group compared to pre-tests and the control group. Moreover, the sustained effectiveness of the intervention was evident, as shown by the minimal discrepancies in scores between post-tests
 and post-retention tests in the Experiment group. This suggests that the interactive educational video lessons have enduring efficacy in addressing misconceptions and consolidating comprehension over an extended period. The findings of this study underscore the importance of evidence-based instructional strategies in fostering accurate understanding and dispelling misconceptions in biology education. The implications of the study extend to curriculum development, teacher training, and educational policy, with the aim of enhancing the quality of biology education and informing effective pedagogical approaches in science education.
Olasznád mint alternatív tömegtakarmány
Authors: Hoffmann Flóra Adél , Orosz Szilvia , Balogh Krisztián Milán
Published: January 2025

Vizsgálatunk célja az olasznád (Arundo donax L.) széleskörű megismerése, azon belül is a takarmánycélú felhasználásának lehetőségeinek felmérése volt. Az olasznád egy évelő, lágyszárú fűféle. A világ számos táján termesztik és használják fel bioetanol, biogáz, biomassza előállításra, de a bútoriparban és építőiparban is alkalmazzák. Az olasznád kiváló alternatívája lehet a silótakarmányoknak, azonban a hazai hasznosítása még nem eléggé kidolgozott, további tesztelést és vizsgálatokat igényel. Célunk ezen új takarmány etethetőségének, hasznosíthatóságának és a takarmánybázisban betölthető szerepének tudományos alátámasztása volt. A kutatás során különböző időpontokban és különböző fenológiai jellemzőkkel rendelkező növények kerültek betakarításra, majd a növény erjesztéses tartósítására és szarvasmarhákkal történő etetésre is sor került. A kapott eredmények alapján több, a gyakorlat számára hasznos következtetés fogalmazható meg. A különböző fenológiai fázisokban betakarított mintákból kapott eredmények alapján levonható az a következtetés, hogy a 180 cm feletti magasságban történő betakarítás kerülendő. Másik megállapítás, hogy az olasznádszilázs esetén a nyersrost meghatározása kémiai analízissel, helyettesítheti az NDF mérését, amennyiben erre nincs lehetőség. Sejtfalhatás szempontjából az olasznád klasszikus tendenciát mutat. A hazai eredmények összevethetőek az Azori-szigeteken végzett kutatásokkal, amelyek hasonló eredményeket hoztak mind szárazanyag-tartalom, mind pedig szervesanyag emészthetőség terén. A modellszilázs esetében az erjedési paraméterek megfelelőek voltak. Ezeken felül az üzemi betakarítás és az üszőkkel folytatott próbaetetés igazolta, hogy az olasznád betakarítása megfelelően kivitelezhető és az állatok szívesen fogyasztják, nem válogatják ki a TMR-ből az olasznádszilázst. Mindezen megállapítások alapján kijelenthető, hogy az olasznád potenciálisan kiegészítheti a hazai takarmánybázist, mint erjesztéssel tartósítható tömegtakarmány. Értékei növendékeknek, húsmarháknak optimálisak lehetnek, hazánk pedig alkalmas a termesztésére.