bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions from Quercus coccifera exhibit interacting responses to light and temperature
Authors: Staudt M. , Lhoutellier L.
Published: June 2011

Abstract. Light and temperature are known to be the most important environmental factors controlling biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions from plants, but little is known about their interdependencies especially for BVOCs other than isoprene. We studied light responses at different temperatures and temperature responses at different light levels of foliar BVOC emissions, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence on Quercus coccifera, an evergreen oak widespread in Mediterranean shrublands. More than 50 BVOCs were detected in the emissions from Q. coccifera leaves most of them being isoprenoids plus a few green leaf volatiles (GLVs). Under standard conditions non-oxygenated monoterpenes (MT-hc) accounted for about 90 % of the total BVOC release (mean ± SD: 738 ± 378 ng m−2 projected leaf area s−1 or 13.1 ± 6.9 μg g−1 leaf dry weight h−1) and oxygenated monoterpenes (MT-ox) and sesquiterpenes (SQTs) accounted for the rest in about equal proportions. Except GLVs, emissions of all BVOCs responded positively to light and temperature. The light responses of MT and SQT emissions resembled that of CO2-assimilation and were little influenced by the assay temperature: at high assay temperature, MT-hc emissions saturated at lower light levels than at standard assay temperature and tended even to decrease in the highest light range. The emission responses to temperature showed mostly Arrhenius-type response curves, whose shapes in the high temperature range were clearly affected by the assay light level and were markedly different between isoprenoid classes: at non-saturating light, all isoprenoids showed a similar temperature optimum (~43 °C), but, at higher temperatures, MT-hc emissions decreased faster than MT-ox and SQT emissions. At saturating light, MT-hc emissions peaked already around 37 °C and rapidly dropped at higher temperatures, whereas MT-ox and SQT emissions strongly increased between 40 and 50 °C accompanied by a burst of GLVs. In all experiments, decreases of MT-hc emissions under high temperatures were correlated with decreases in CO2-assimilation and/or photosynthetic electron transport. We conclude that light and temperature can have interactive short-term effects on the quantity and quality of BVOC emissions from Q. coccifera through substrate limitations of MT biosynthesis occurring at temperatures supraoptimal for photosynthetic processes that are exacerbated by oxidative stress and membrane damages. Such interactive effects are likely to occur frequently during hot and dry summers and simulations made in this work showed that they may have important consequences for emission predictions.
The CSIRO Mk3L climate system model version 1.0 – Part 1: Description and evaluation
Authors: Phipps S. J. , Rotstayn L. D. , Gordon H. B. , Roberts J. L. , Hirst A. C. , Budd W. F.
Published: June 2011

Abstract. The CSIRO Mk3L climate system model is a coupled general circulation model, designed primarily for millennial-scale climate simulations and palaeoclimate research. Mk3L includes components which describe the atmosphere, ocean, sea ice and land surface, and combines computational efficiency with a stable and realistic control climatology. This paper describes the model physics and software, analyses the control climatology, and evaluates the ability of the model to simulate the modern climate. Mk3L incorporates a spectral atmospheric general circulation model, a z-coordinate ocean general circulation model, a dynamic-thermodynamic sea ice model and a land surface scheme with static vegetation. The source code is highly portable, and has no dependence upon proprietary software. The model distribution is freely available to the research community. A 1000-yr climate simulation can be completed in around one-and-a-half months on a typical desktop computer, with greater throughput being possible on high-performance computing facilities. Mk3L produces realistic simulations of the larger-scale features of the modern climate, although with some biases on the regional scale. The model also produces reasonable representations of the leading modes of internal climate variability in both the tropics and extratropics. The control state of the model exhibits a high degree of stability, with only a weak cooling trend on millennial timescales. Ongoing development work aims to improve the model climatology and transform Mk3L into a comprehensive earth system model.
The Met Office Unified Model Global Atmosphere 3.0/3.1 and JULES Global Land 3.0/3.1 configurations
Authors: Walters D. N. , Best M. J. , Bushell A. C. , Copsey D. , Edwards J. M. , Falloon P. D. , Harris C. M. , Lock A. P. , Manners J. C. , Morcrette C. J. , Roberts M. J. , Stratton R. A. , Webster S. , Wilkinson J. M. , Willett M. R. , Boutle I. A. , Earnshaw P. D. , Hill P. G. , MacLachlan C. , Martin G. M. , Moufouma-Okia W. , Palmer M. D. , Petch J. C. , Rooney G. G. , Scaife A. A. , Williams K. D.
Published: June 2011

Abstract. We describe Global Atmosphere 3.0 (GA3.0): a configuration of the Met Office Unified Model (MetUM) developed for use across climate research and weather prediction activities. GA3.0 has been formulated by converging the development paths of the Met Office's weather and climate global atmospheric model components such that wherever possible, atmospheric processes are modelled or parametrized seamlessly across spatial resolutions and timescales. This unified development process will provide the Met Office and its collaborators with regular releases of a configuration that has been evaluated, and can hence be applied, over a variety of modelling régimes. We also describe Global Land 3.0 (GL3.0): a configuration of the JULES community land surface model developed for use with GA3.0. This paper provides a comprehensive technical and scientific description of the GA3.0 and GL3.0 (and related GA3.1 and GL3.1) configurations and presents the results of some initial evaluations of their performance in various applications. It is to be the first in a series of papers describing each subsequent Global Atmosphere release; this will provide a single source of reference for established users and developers as well as researchers requiring access to a current, but trusted, global MetUM setup.
River flow time series using least squares support vector machines
Authors: Samsudin R. , Saad P. , Shabri A.
Published: June 2011

Abstract. This paper proposes a novel hybrid forecasting model known as GLSSVM, which combines the group method of data handling (GMDH) and the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). The GMDH is used to determine the useful input variables which work as the time series forecasting for the LSSVM model. Monthly river flow data from two stations, the Selangor and Bernam rivers in Selangor state of Peninsular Malaysia were taken into consideration in the development of this hybrid model. The performance of this model was compared with the conventional artificial neural network (ANN) models, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), GMDH and LSSVM models using the long term observations of monthly river flow discharge. The root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of correlation (R) are used to evaluate the models' performances. In both cases, the new hybrid model has been found to provide more accurate flow forecasts compared to the other models. The results of the comparison indicate that the new hybrid model is a useful tool and a promising new method for river flow forecasting.
The geomorphic structure of the runoff peak
Authors: Rigon R. , D'Odorico P. , Bertoldi G.
Published: June 2011

Abstract. This paper develops a theoretical framework to investigate the core dependence of peak flows on the geomorphic properties of river basins. Based on the theory of transport by travel times, and simple hydrodynamic characterization of floods, this new framework invokes the linearity and invariance of the hydrologic response to provide analytical and semi-analytical expressions for peak flow, time to peak, and area contributing to the peak runoff. These results are obtained for the case of constant-intensity hyetograph using the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves to estimate extreme flow values as a function of the rainfall return period. Results show that, with constant-intensity hyetographs, the time-to-peak is greater than rainfall duration and usually shorter than the basin concentration time. Moreover, the critical storm duration is shown to be independent of rainfall return period as well as the area contributing to the flow peak. The same results are found when the effects of hydrodynamic dispersion are accounted for. Further, it is shown that, when the effects of hydrodynamic dispersion are negligible, the basin area contributing to the peak discharge does not depend on the channel velocity, but is a geomorphic propriety of the basin. As an example this framework is applied to three watersheds. In particular, the runoff peak, the critical rainfall durations and the time to peak are calculated for all links within a network to assess how they increase with basin area.
Technical note: Towards a continuous classification of climate using bivariate colour mapping
Authors: Teuling A. J.
Published: June 2011

Abstract. Climate is often defined in terms of discrete classes. Here I use bivariate colour mapping to show that the global distribution of Köppen-Geiger climate classes can largely be reproduced by combining the simple means of two key states of the climate system (i.e., air temperature and relative humidity). This allows for a classification that is not only continuous in space, but can be applied at and transferred between timescales ranging from minutes to decades.
Serum Proteomic Profiling Reveals Potential Biomarkers for Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Solassol Jérôme , Du-Thanh Aurélie , Maudelonde Thierry , Guillot Bernard
Published: June 2011

Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is the most serious type of skin cancer because of its tendency to metastasize. The prognosis and therapeutic management of patients are primarily based on clinical criteria (number of cancerous lymph nodes and/or the presence of distant metastases) and histopathological criteria (tumor depth, presence of ulceration and mitotic index). Although these factors are informative in advanced stages of the disease, they are less important in the early stages. In recent years, a number of attempts have been made to identify new serological prognostic biomarkers, especially for early forms of CMM. The recent development of proteomic techniques may offer new perspectives in this field. This article details the considerations of each of the proteomic techniques used today and describes the results of the most recent clinical studies conducted to identify new potential prognostic serum biomarkers for CMM. However, independent and large validation studies are needed before such markers can be used in everyday clinical practice.
Lack of Prognostic Significance of Connexin-43 Labeling in a Series of 46 Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Boban Marko , Ljubicic Neven , Nikolic Marko , Tomas Davor , Zovak Mario , Bekavac-Beslin Miroslav , Belev Borislav , Radic Jasna , Milosevic Milan
Published: June 2011

Background

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors with variable malignant potential. Connexin-43 (C×43) is the commonest gap-junction protein and has been frequently investigated in oncology. Our aim was to establish the immunohistochemical expression of C×43 in relation to GIST location, size, Ki67 index, tumor grade and follow-up.

Materials and methods

The study included postoperative samples of 46 patients treated for GIST in the 1999–2010 time frame. Complete clinical workup was available for 38 patients (82.6%); total surgical resection was carried out in 32 (84.2%) patients, while 13 (34.2%) patients underwent chemotherapy. Median follow-up was 40.7 months (range, 1-134).

Results

The calculated incidence of GIST in our setting was 11.5 per million. C×43 was expressed in 43/46 (93.5%) GIST cases, with a significant difference between stomach- and small intestine-derived tumors (p=0.006). Ki67 was 10% on average (range, 1–22) and was not correlated with tumor location (p=0.194). C×43 did not show significance with regard to tumor size (p=0.264) or higher tumor grade (p=0.658), as opposed to Ki67, which significantly correlated with both (p=0.0048 and p<0.001, respectively). C×43 and Ki67 were not significantly correlated (p=0.708). Ki67 correlated with time to recurrence (p=0.022). Ki67 >11% was taken as the indication to start imatinib chemotherapy (sensitivity 61.5%, specificity 92.0%, p=0.022). Ten (66.7%) of 15 patients with long-term (>5 years) follow-up were in remission.

Conclusion

C×43 was frequently expressed in GISTs regardless of tumor site. However, no significant relationships to histopathological parameters suggestive for prognosis were found. Further investigations might clarify the roles of C×43 in GIST oncogenesis.
Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Direct Aldol Reactions in Aqueous Medium: A New Highly Efficient Proline‐Sugar Chimeric Catalyst
Authors: Pedatella Silvana , De Nisco Mauro , Mastroianni Domenico , Naviglio Daniele , Nucci Ada , Caputo Romualdo
Published: June 2011

A new synthetic catalyst, capable of acting like an enzyme in the accomplishment of direct aldol reactions, is presented. Excellent results, in terms of chemical yields and diastereo‐/enantiomeric ratios, are reported for the catalyzed additions of cyclohexanone to variously substituted benzaldehydes.
Melt functionalization of LDPE with thio ester, amino ester, and hydroxy ester by thermolysis method—An FTIR study
Authors: Anbarasan R. , Dhanalakshmi V.
Published: June 2011

Low density poly(ethylene) (LDPE) was melt functionalized with three different esters namely, thio ester, amino ester, and hydroxy ester under inert atmosphere at 160°C with different experimental conditions. During the functionalization reaction, crosslinking (C.L) and CC formation are the simultaneous competitive reactions. FTIR‐RI analysis method was used to determine the % functionalization onto LDPE backbone and the order of functionalization reaction. Thermogravemetric analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to assess the thermal properties of the functionalized LDPE. Suitable reaction scheme was proposed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Transparent, fluorescent, and mechanical enhanced elastomeric composites formed with poly (styrene‐butadiene‐styrene) and SiO2‐hybridized CdTe quantum dots
Authors: Wu Guoliang , Zhou Li , Yan Sijia , Xia Xinnian , Xiong Yuanqin , Xu Weijian
Published: June 2011

Transparent poly(styrene‐butadiene‐styrene) (SBS)‐quantum dots (QDs) composites (SBS/CdTe QDs) that simultaneously possess strong photoluminescence (PL) and enhanced mechanical properties are presented for the first time based on the facile blending of SiO2‐hybridized CdTe QDs with SBS. UV–vis spectrum and fluorescence measurement show that SBS/CdTe QDs composites exhibit good optical properties. The results of transmission electron microscopy show good dispersion of CdTe QDs in the SBS matrix. The results of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis indicate that the micro‐phase separated structure of the SBS is exist in the composites, and the presence of CdTe QDs can lead to an decrease of glass transition temperatures of polybutadiene (PB) and polystyrene(PS) domains. In addition, mechanical tests reveal that the addition of CdTe QDs is a useful approach to improve the mechanical properties of SBS. Meanwhile, the fluorescent photographs taken under ultraviolet light prove that SBS/CdTe QDs composites possess strong PL. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Licofelone–Nitric Oxide Donors as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Liu Wukun , Zhou Jinpei , Liu Yinglin , Liu Haoran , Bensdorf Kerstin , Guo Cancheng , Gust Ronald
Published: June 2011

Five licofelone ([2,2‐dimethyl‐6‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐7‐phenyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrolizin‐5‐yl]acetic acid) nitric oxide donor conjugates were developed by a parallel synthesis approach. The biological screening revealed that compounds with a propyl (6b), butyl (6c), or octyl (6d) chain between licofelone and the nitric oxide donor exhibited high antiproliferative potency at MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB–231 breast cancer as well as at HT‐29 colon cancer cells. Moreover, 6b–d possessed at least 2‐fold higher cytotoxicity at MDA‐MB‐231 cells than the parent compound licofelone although they showed less inhibitory activity at COX‐1 and COX‐2. A correlation between COX inhibition and growth inhibitory properties is not visible. However, the high levels of nitric oxide production of the compounds may result in their high cytotoxic activity.
Halogen‐Metal Secondary Bonding). An NQR Study in Mercury and Cadmium Halide Adducts of Polyethers
Authors: Wulfsberg Gary , Weiss Alarich
Published: June 2011

Halogen atoms bridge metal atoms by forming two M — X bonds of about equal length („symmetric bridging”︁, as in cadmium halide adducts of oxygen‐donor ligands), or by forming two bonds of significantly different lengths („secondary bridging”︁, as mercuric halide adducts of the same ligands). Halogen (35Cl, 81Br, 127I) NQR spectra of the title and related complexes show characteristic differences for the two types of bridging. Bridging halogen atoms (in nontransition metal halides) have lower frequencies than do analogous terminal halogen atoms; if the bridging is symmetric, the lowering depends on the bridging angle and is quite variable; if the bridging is secondary, the lowering is less but relatively constant. Asymmetry parameters for symmetrically‐bridging halogens are often large and depend on the bridging angle; those of secondary‐bridging halogens are small. The temperature dependence of the NQR frequencies of symmetric bridging halogens is normal negative; that of secondary bridging halogens is less negative than for analogous terminal halogens, and may even be positive. Two Townes‐Dailey treatments of secondary bridging have been developed: one assumes the use of sp hybrid orbitals by the halogen, and the other uses pure p orbitals for the secondary bond. Analysis of the data leads to a picture of the formation of a “typical” secondary bond: 0.03 electrons are polarized or transferred towards the metal atom from the halogen p, orbital, and the halogen acquires an additional 0.01 electron in the original M — X bond.
It takes guts to grow a brain
Authors: Diamond Betty , Huerta Patricio T. , Tracey Kevin , Volpe Bruce T.
Published: June 2011

A new study entitled “Normal gut microbiota modulates brain development and behavior”, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, requires that we reconsider the notion that the brain is an immune‐privileged site. The authors demonstrate that intestinal microbiota must be present within a set time‐frame for normal synaptogenesis to occur in the brain. In the absence of intestinal microbiota, histopathological and behavioral abnormalities arise. These observations necessitate a new look at the many interconnections of the immune system and the brain, suggesting new frontiers for research and new therapeutic strategies for neurodevelopmental diseases.
meso‐Aryl Phenanthroporphyrins: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties
Authors: Xu Hai‐Jun , Mack John , Descalzo Ana B. , Shen Zhen , Kobayashi Nagao , You Xiao‐Zeng , Rurack Knut
Published: June 2011

The successful synthesis of tetraphenyltetraphenanthroporphyrin (TPTPhenP; 5 a) in 2006 under modified Rothemund–Lindsey conditions yielded a tetraphenyl porphyrinoid with a B band redshifted to an unprecedented 576 nm. Radially symmetric fused‐ring expansion of tetraphenylporphyrin with phenanthrene moieties results in very deep saddling due to steric crowding and very marked redshifts of the Q and B (or Soret) porphyrinoid absorption bands. The extent to which the TPTPhenP structure can be further modified is explored, and the optical properties of TPTPhenPs are analyzed based on a perimeter model approach that makes use of time‐dependent DFT calculations and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy and also based on a detailed analysis of the fluorescence emission. Attempts to introduce substituents at the ortho and meta positions of the meso‐phenyl groups and to insert a central metal proved unsuccessful. The synthesis of a series of TPTPhenPs with strong electron‐withdrawing (CN, NO2) and ‐donating (CH3, N(CH3)2) substituents at the para positions of the meso‐phenyl rings is reported. Marked redshifts of the main spectral bands were consistently observed. The most pronounced spectral changes were observed with N(CH3)2 groups (5 i) due to a marked destabilization of the HOMO, which has large MO coefficients on the meso‐carbon atoms. Protonation of 5 i at both the ligand core and at the N(CH3)2 groups resulted in unprecedented Q00 band absorption at wavelengths greater than 1200 nm.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantum‐Chemical Calculations and IR Spectra of the (F2)MF2 Molecules (M: B, Al, Ga, In, Tl) in Solid Matrices: A New Class of Very High Electron Affinity Neutral Molecules.
Authors: Wang Xuefeng , Andrews Lester
Published: June 2011

The new class of neutral adduct molecules (F2)MF2 (M: B, Al, Ga, In, Tl) forms by reaction of laser‐ablated group 13 metal atoms with F2 in excess Ar and Ne during condensation at 5 K.
ChemInform Abstract: New Complex Intermetallic in the Al—Rh—Ru Alloy System.
Authors: Meshi L. , Samuha S. , Kapush D. , Pavlyuchkov D. , Grushko B.
Published: June 2011

The new intermetallic phase Al77Rh15Ru8 is identified in the title system by powder XRD, SEM, and TEM.
ChemInform Abstract: Optical Properties of Sputtered Hexagonal CdZnO Films with Band Gap Energies from 1.8 to 3.3 eV.
Authors: Ma Xiangyang , Chen Peiliang , Zhang Ruijie , Yang Deren
Published: June 2011

CdxZn1‐xO (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.66) films are prepared by reactive direct‐current magnetron sputtering.
ChemInform Abstract: Effects of Partial Anion Substitution on the Thermoelectric Properties of Silver(I) Chalcogenide Halides in the System Ag5Q2X with Q= Te, Se and S and X: Br and Cl.
Authors: Eckstein Nadine , Nilges Tom , Decourt Rodolphe , Bobet Jean‐Louis , Chevalier Bernard
Published: June 2011

Ag5Te2Cl1‐xBrx (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6), Ag5Te2‐ySyCl (y = 0.1, 0.3), and Ag5Te2‐zSezCl (z = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) are synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of Ag, S, Se, Te, AgCl, and AgBr (1173 K, 3 h) and characterized by powder XRD, and thermoelectric measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: The Influence of SO2 and NO2 Impurities on CO2 Gas Hydrate Formation and Stability.
Authors: Beeskow‐Strauch Bettina , Schicks Judith M. , Spangenberg Erik , Erzinger Joerg
Published: June 2011

In an attempt to provide data concerning the industrial carbon capture and storage in gas hydrate reservoirs under real conditions, the influence of small amounts of SO2 and NO2 impurities on CO2 hydrate formation, behavior, and stability is investigated by Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Cu(InxB1‐x)Se2 Nanocrystals for Low‐Cost Thin Film Photovoltaics.
Authors: Chen Lin‐Jer , Liao Jiunn‐Der , Chuang Yu‐Ju , Fu Yaw‐Shyan
Published: June 2011

Cu(In0.9B0.1)Se2 nanocrystals are solvothermally synthesized from a stoichiometric mixture of Se, CuCl, InCl3, and B2O3 in diethylenetriamine (autoclave, 180 °C, 36 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Direct anti‐Selective Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich Reaction of Aldehydes with Preformed N‐Boc and N‐Cbz Imines.
Authors: Chuan Yong‐Ming , Chen Gui‐Hua , Gao Jiu‐Zhi , Zhang Hui , Peng Yun‐Gui
Published: June 2011

The application of the chiral pyrrolidine based thiourea organocatalyst (PTU) produces the anti‐Mannich products in excellent yields as well as diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Reaction Pathways of a Cationic Intermediate: Rearrangement and Cyclization of 2‐Substituted Furyl and Benzofuryl Enones Catalyzed by Iridium(III).
Authors: Vaidya Tulaza , Manbeck Gerald F. , Chen Sylvia , Frontier Alison J. , Eisenberg Richard
Published: June 2011

In the presence of IRC and AgSbF6, furyl and benzofuryl enones like (I) and (V) undergo unexpected cyclization to afford fused cyclohexenones.
ChemInform Abstract: A Green Procedure for the Oxidation of Benzyl Halides to Aromatic Aldehydes or Ketones in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Zheng Pengwu , Yan Li , Ji Xiujie , Duan Xuemin
Published: June 2011

Benzyl halides are transformed to aldehydes or ketones, resp., using in situ generated trimethylamine N‐oxide as oxidizing agent A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Free and Solventless Hantzsch Ester Mediated Reduction of Nitroolefins at Elevated Temperature.
Authors: Chauhan Pankaj , Kaur Kirandeep , Bala Neeraj , Kumar Vikas , Chimni Swapandeep Singh
Published: June 2011

An improved protocol for the Hantzsch ester mediated reduction of nitroolefins to corresponding nitroalkanes (15 examples) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Ti/Pd Bimetallic Systems for the Efficient Allylation of Carbonyl Compounds and Homocoupling Reactions.
Authors: Millan Alba , Campana Araceli G. , Bazdi Btissam , Miguel Delia , Alvarez de Cienfuegos Luis , Echavarren Antonio M. , Cuerva Juan M.
Published: June 2011

The allylation of a variety of aldehydes and ketones with stable and easily handled allylic carbonates is efficiently achieved in the presence of a Ti—Pd catalytic system.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthetic Method for the Preparation of Aliphatic Aldehydes from the Corresponding Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Guo Yuan , Lu Zhenhuan , Yao Libo , Shi Zhen
Published: June 2011

A novel method for the synthesis of aliphatic aldehydes from corresponding carboxylic acids (II) via 1,3‐dimethylbenzimidazolium salts (V) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid Catalyzed Oxidative Allylation: A New Approach for the Synthesis of Homoallylic Alcohols and Amines Directly from Alcohols.
Authors: Srivastava Vishnu P. , Patel Rajesh , Yadav Lal Dhar S.
Published: June 2011

Homoallylic alcohols and amines are synthesized directly from alcohols via one‐pot sequential oxidation—Barbier reaction and oxidation—condensation—Barbier reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical C—H Functionalization of Quinones with Boronic Acids.
Authors: Fujiwara Yuta , Domingo Victoriano , Seiple Ian B. , Gianatassio Ryan , Del Bel Matthew , Baran Phil S.
Published: June 2011

It provides a facile method to prepare a wide range of C‐substituted quinone derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyanides‐Free Cyanation of Aryl Halides Using Formamide.
Authors: Sawant Dinesh N. , Wagh Yogesh S. , Tambade Pawan J. , Bhatte Kushal D. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: June 2011

Formamide is used as a non‐toxic cyanide source and as a solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Synthesis, Spectral Studies and Antioxidant Activities of Some 6‐Substituted ω‐Bromo‐2‐naphthyl Ketones and Their Esters.
Authors: Thirunarayanan G. , Vanangamudi G. , Sathiyendran V. , Ravi K.
Published: June 2011

An efficient method for the selective bromination of the side chain in naphthyl ketones (I) using a bromate—bromide mixture in aqueous medium is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Diiodinated Dihydronaphthalenes and Naphthalenes via Iodine Mediated Electrophilic Cyclization.
Authors: Yang Fan , Jin Tienan , Bao Ming , Yamamoto Yoshinori
Published: June 2011

A variety of dihydronaphthalenes is readily prepared by electrophilic iodocyclization of aryl propargyl alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Indenes by Intramolecular Morita—Baylis—Hillman Reaction in Aqueous Media Catalyzed by Resin‐Supported Proline.
Authors: Akagawa Kengo , Sakamoto Seiji , Kudo Kazuaki
Published: June 2011

In case of substrates (III), an isomerization leads to formation of mixture of an inseparable mixture of isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Chiral α‐Substituted β,y‐Epoxy Aldehyde Derivatives Through an Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of Chloroacetaldehyde.
Authors: Hayashi Yujiro , Yasui Yusuke , Kawamura Tsuyoshi , Kojima Masahiro , Ishikawa Hayato
Published: June 2011

A one‐pot synthesis of the epoxy aldehydes and their corresponding precursor chlorohydrins is developed through a series of one‐pot reactions using a diarylprolinol as the organocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: A Flexible and Stereoselective Synthesis of Azetidin‐3‐ones Through Gold‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Oxidation of Alkynes.
Authors: Ye Longwu , He Weimin , Zhang Liming
Published: June 2011

A practical synthesis of azetidin‐3‐ones including chiral derivatives is developed through gold‐catalyzed oxidative cyclization of N‐propargylsulfonamides.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid/Base Catalyzed [2 + 2]‐Cycloaddition of Sulfenes and Aldehydes: A Versatile Entry to Chiral Sulfonal and Sulfinyl Derivatives.
Authors: Koch Florian M. , Peters Rene
Published: June 2011

The first catalytic asymmetric synthesis of β‐sulfones is presented, providing access to various enantioenriched sulfonyl and sulfinyl compounds based on ring‐opening reactions (not shown).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,3,5‐Trisubstituted Furans from α‐Formylaroylketene Dithioacetals.
Authors: Sasikala K. A. , Kalesh K. A. , Anabha E. R. , Pillai P. Madhavan , Asokan C. V. , Devaky K. S.
Published: June 2011

The reaction involves the conversion of α‐formylketene dithioacetals (I) to vinylketenes (III) and subsequent NBS‐mediated cyclization to the structurally important subunits, which can be readily converted to amino analogues of type (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Catalyzed Cascade 1,3‐H Shift/Cyclization Reaction to Construct Polyaromatic Furans.
Authors: Wang Ya‐Hui , Liu Heng , Zhu Li‐Li , Li Xiao‐Xiao , Chen Zili
Published: June 2011

The tandem process using base‐catalyzed 1,3‐H shift as the starting step is applicable to symmetrical aryl diynes (I) as well as unsymmetrical ones.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Reactions of 9‐Isopropyl‐2,4‐dimethoxy‐7,12‐dimethyl‐3‐(phenylsulfonyl)benzo [a]heptalene with Lithium Dialkylamides.
Authors: El Rayes Samir , Linden Anthony , Abou‐Hadeed Khaled , Hansen Hans‐Juergen
Published: June 2011

Treatment of the title compound (I) with lithium piperidide (II) leads to substitution of the two methoxy groups by piperidino substituents, whereas lithium diisopropylamide induces the formation of heptaleno‐annulated dibenzothiophenes (V) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Ligand‐Free Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Polysubstituted Indoles.
Authors: Ali Md Ashif , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam
Published: June 2011

The reaction of 2‐iodoanilines with 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds affords a variety of polysubstituted indoles as subunits of natural products.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodobenzene‐Mediated Intramolecular Oxidative Coupling of Substituted 4‐Hydroxyphenyl‐N‐phenylbenzamides for the Synthesis of Spirooxindoles.
Authors: Yu Zhengsen , Ju Xuhui , Wang Junyan , Yu Wei
Published: June 2011

A series of spirooxindoles (II) is readily prepared by an intramolecular oxidative coupling reaction of benzamides (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Friedel—Crafts Reaction of Indoles with Ethyl Trifluoropyruvate Using a Copper(I)‐Bisoxazolidine Catalyst.
Authors: Wolf Christian , Zhang Peng
Published: June 2011

A range of indolyl trifluorohydroxypropanoates is produced in high yield and enantioselectivity in relatively short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient, Ligand‐Free, Heterogeneous Supported Copper Hydroxide Catalyst for the Synthesis of N,N‐Bicyclic Pyrazolidinone Derivatives.
Authors: Yoshimura Kazuaki , Oishi Takamichi , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka
Published: June 2011

Cycloaddition of a variety of azomethine imines with electron‐deficient terminal alkynes proceeds smoothly in the presence of a heterogeneous Cu(OH)x—Al2O3 catalyst to give bicyclic pyrazolidinone derivatives in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐Imidazolines and Their N‐Hydroxyethyl Derivatives under Various Conditions.
Authors: Zhang Jin , Wang Xiao , Yang Meipan , Wan Kerou , Yin Bing , Wang Yunxia , Li Jianli , Shi Zhen
Published: June 2011

It is demonstrated, that CIA is an efficient reusable catalyst for the synthesis of imidazolines under either thermal or microwave conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Guiding the Nitrogen Nucleophile to the Middle: Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cyclopropanation of 2‐Alkylidenetrimethylene Carbonates with Isocyanates.
Authors: Shintani Ryo , Moriya Kohei , Hayashi Tamio
Published: June 2011

The decarboxylative cyclopropanation of carbonates (Va)—(Vh) gives rise to oxazolidinones (VII) as main or sole products, whilst the reaction of carbonate (Va) with phenyl isocyanate leads only to the allylic amination product (VIIIi).
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrosonium Hexachlorostannate: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Nitrosating Activity in the Reactions with Arylcyclopropanes.
Authors: Morozov I. V. , Bondarenko O. B. , Karpova E. V. , Pryadchenko A. S. , Korenev Yu. M. , Troyanov S. I. , Zyk N. V.
Published: June 2011

(NO)2 [SnCl6] appears to be a mild nitrosating agent that can be successfully used for the synthesis of isoxazolines (II) from arylcyclopropanes (I) containing electron‐donor substituents in the aromatic ring.
ChemInform Abstract: Isatin 1,2,3‐Triazoles as Potent Inhibitors Against Caspase‐3.
Authors: Jiang Yang , Hansen Trond Vidar
Published: June 2011

A variety of disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives are synthesized using the Huisgen cycloaddition reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt(I) Catalysis in the Diastereoselective Two‐Step Synthesis of Tricyclic Systems.
Authors: Erver Florian , Hilt Gerhard , Harms Klaus
Published: June 2011

The cobalt‐catalyzed cycloaddition reaction of dienes (I) with alkynes (II) and (VII) followed by a Knoevenagel—hetero—Diels—Alder multicomponent reaction of resulting cyclooctatrienes (III) and cyclohexa‐1,4‐dienes (VIII) with diones (IV) and formaldehyde leads to desired tricyclic pyran derivatives (VI) and (VIII), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Aromatic Electrophilic Substitution vs. Intramolecular Wittig Reaction: Vinyltriphenylphosphonium Salt Mediated Synthesis of 4‐Carboxyalkyl‐8‐formyl Coumarins.
Authors: Majumdar K. C. , Ansary Inul , Samanta Srikanta , Roy Brindaban
Published: June 2011

Optimized reaction conditions using DMF as the solvent are developed to obtain the desired benzopyrans (III) exclusively.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Boronic Acids to N‐Benzylnicotinate Salts.
Authors: Nadeau Christian , Aly Sara , Belyk Kevin
Published: June 2011

Under optimized conditions concerning the solvent, chiral ligand and rhodium complex, the addition of both aryl‐ and alkenylboronic acids proceeds with <90% regioselectivity toward the formation of 6‐ over 4‐substituted dihydropyridines.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐(1‐Acetyl‐piperidin‐4‐yl)‐3‐adamantan‐1‐yl‐urea (AR9281) as a Potent, Selective, and Orally Available Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor with Efficacy in Rodent Models of Hypertension and Dysglycemia.
Authors: Anandan Sampath‐Kumar , et al. et al.
Published: June 2011

The synthesis of the clinical candidate (I) and its analogues is achieved via a library approach allowing the facile preparation of various left hand side and right hand side combinations around the piperidinyl urea nucleus.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Nicotinonitrile Derivatives and Study of Their Photophysical Properties.
Authors: Toche Raghunath B. , Kazi Muddassar A. , Nikam Prashant S. , Bhavsar Dinesh C.
Published: June 2011

Nicotinonitrile derivatives are conveniently obtained by a three‐component Dimroth reaction of chalcones, malononitrile, and secondary heterocyclic amines or sodium alcoholates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Isoquinolines via Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Dehydrative C—C and C—N Coupling Between Oximines and Alkynes.
Authors: Zhang Xingping , Chen Dan , Zhao Miao , Zhao Jing , Jia Aiqun , Li Xingwei
Published: June 2011

The coupling proceeds under mild conditions using a low rhodium‐catalyst loading.
ChemInform Abstract: Basic Alumina Supported One‐Pot Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Pyridine/Quinolinine‐Fused Novel Diazepanium, Diazocanium, Imidazodilinium and Tetrahydro‐pyrimidiniums.
Authors: Mondal Nirup B. , et al. et al.
Published: June 2011

The reaction affords diversely fused cationic heterocycles as pharmacophores.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Reactions and Antibacterial Activity of 3‐Acetyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐a]isoquinoline Derivatives Using Chitosan as Heterogeneous Catalyst under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Hassaneen Hamdi M. , Hassaneen Huwaida M. E. , Mohammed Yasmin Sh. , Pagni Richard M.
Published: June 2011

Antibacterial effects of title compounds (VII) and (VIII) are studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Pyrimidine‐Based Dual EGFR/Her‐2 Inhibitors.
Authors: Suzuki Naoyuki , et al. et al.
Published: June 2011

4‐Anilino‐5‐alkenyl or 5‐alkynyl‐6‐methylpyrimidine derivatives exhibiting inhibitory activity against both enzymes are identified.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Substituted Pyrazino[2′,3′:4,5]thieno[3,2‐d]pyrimidines and Related Molecules.
Authors: Fernandez‐Mato Antonio , Peinador Carlos , Quintela Jose M.
Published: June 2011

Nitrile (III) is used as a convenient starting compound for the synthesis of a variety of fused pyrazine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoconvergent Synthesis of Chiral Allylboronates from an E/Z Mixture of Allylic Aryl Ethers Using a 6‐NHC—Cu(II) Catalyst.
Authors: Park Jin Kyoon , Lackey Hershel H. , Ondrusek Brian A. , McQuade D. Tyler
Published: June 2011

The six‐membered N‐heterocyclic carbene‐copper complex IQC catalyzes the asymmetric borylation of both the (E)‐ and (Z)‐isomer of an allylic m‐nitrophenyl ether to give the α‐substituted allylboronate with the same absolute configuration.
ChemInform Abstract: A Nickel‐Catalyzed Benzannulation Approach to Aromatic Boronic Esters.
Authors: Auvinet Anne‐Laure , Harrity Joseph P. A.
Published: June 2011

It is demonstrated, that alkynylborononates participate in regioselective Ni‐catalyzed benzannulation reaction with cyclobutenones to yield phenols which can be readily oxidized to p‐benzoquinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Monoborylation of 1,3‐Enynes with an Internal Triple Bond: Selective Synthesis of 1,3‐Dienylboronates and 3‐Alkynylboronates.
Authors: Sasaki Yusuke , Horita Yuko , Zhong Chongmin , Sawamura Masaya , Ito Hajime
Published: June 2011

The regioselectivity is primarily determined by the substrate structure, whereas for moderately substituted 1,3‐enynes (IV), the catalytic phosphine ligand displays a significant role.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Unsaturated Phosphorus Compounds: Trimeric and Dimeric Sulfides of a α,β‐Di‐tert‐butyl Vinyl Phosphaalkyne.
Authors: Ionkin Alex S. , Marshall William J. , Fish Brian M.
Published: June 2011

The first examples of sulfides of a 1,3,5‐triphosphabenzene are synthesized by sulfurization of parent phosphabenzene derivative (I).
ChemInform Abstract: A Two‐Step Practical Synthesis of Dehydroalanine Derivatives.
Authors: Perez‐Labrada Karell , Florez‐Lopez Edwin , Paz‐Morales Evelyn , Miranda Luis D. , Rivera Daniel G.
Published: June 2011

The synthesis of title compounds (VI) and (X) is achieved by Ugi four‐component reaction and subsequent elimination of the benzoate group.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Procedure for the Preparation of β‐Thiohydroximates for Glucosinolate Synthesis.
Authors: Cobb Susan E. , Morgan Kate F. , Botting Nigel P.
Published: June 2011

A new coupling method for the formation of β‐thiohydroximate bonds involves in situ generation of an oximyl chloride from the corresponding oxime and inexpensive chlorine bleach followed by base‐mediated formation of nitrile oxides which react with thioglucopyranose (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Indium‐Mediated Allenylation of Aldehydes and Its Application in Carbohydrate Chemistry: Efficient Synthesis of D‐Ribulose and 1‐Deoxy‐D‐ribulose.
Authors: Fischer Michael , Schmoelzer Christoph , Nowikow Christina , Schmid Walther
Published: June 2011

Indium‐mediated reaction of a diversity of aldehydes with bromobutynols (II) proceeds under ultrasonication to give the corresponding allene products, e.g. (III), (VIII), (XI) or (XIV).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Key Intermediate Toward Liphagal Synthesis.
Authors: Deore Vijaykumar , Lohar Manoj Kumar , Mundada Ramswaroop , Roychowdhury Abhijit , Vishwakarma Ram , Kumar Sanjay
Published: June 2011

A facile method for the synthesis of the key intermediates (VI) and (VII) is presented starting from the inexpensive and readily available starting material 2,4,5‐trimethoxy benzaldehyde.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel 8‐Fluoro Norfloxacin Derivatives as Potential Probes for Methicillin and Vancomycin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Authors: Sunduru Naresh , Gupta Leena , Chauhan Kuldeep , Mishra Nripendra N. , Shukla Praveen K. , Chauhan Prem M. S.
Published: June 2011

Novel fluoroquinolones (I) are synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against K.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel γ‐Carboline Ketones as Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Chen Jing , Liu Tao , Wu Rui , Lou Jianshu , Dong Xiaowu , He Qiaojun , Yang Bo , Hu Yongzhou
Published: June 2011

A series of novel γ‐carboline ketones (I) is designed, synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against several human cancer cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Acylamino‐5‐chlorobenzophenones with Enhanced Selectivity Towards Malaria Parasites.
Authors: Heinrich Swetlana , Altenkaemper Mirko , Bechem Benjamin , Perruchon Johann , Ortmann Regina , Dahse Hans‐Martin , Wang Yulin , Lanzer Michael , Schlitzer Martin
Published: June 2011

Synthesis and SAR discussion are given.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Substituted 5,6‐Dimethyl‐3‐phenylsulfonyl‐pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines: New Series of Highly Potent and Specific Serotonin 5‐HT6 Receptor Antagonists.
Authors: Ivachtchenko Alexandre V. , Golovina Elena S. , Kadieva Madina G. , Koryakova Angela G. , Mitkin Oleg D. , Tkachenko Sergey E. , Kysil Volodymyr M. , Okun Ilya
Published: June 2011

Synthesis, biological evaluation, and SAR for novel title compounds (I) are disclosed.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyoxometalates: Toward New Materials
Authors: Rao A. Srinivasa , Arumuganathan T. , Shivaiah Vaddypally , Das Samar K.
Published: June 2011

Review: ≈50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembly of Lead Chalcogenide Nanocrystals
Authors: Quan Zewei , Valentin‐Bromberg Loriana , Loc Welley Siu , Fang Jiye
Published: June 2011

Review: 105 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Research Progress on Preparation of Silver Nanowires by Soft Solution Method and Their Applications
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Wang Li , Yan Guangqing
Published: June 2011

Review: 83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, Chemistry, and Applications of Tetravalent Nickel Complexes
Authors: Sivaramakrishna Akella , Clayton Hadley S. , Muralikrishna Upadhyayula
Published: June 2011

Review: 266 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Promoted Carbon—Heteroatom Bond Cross‐Coupling with Boronic Acids and Derivatives
Authors: Qiao Jennifer X. , Lam Patrick Y. S.
Published: June 2011

Review: ca. 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Well‐Defined Graft Copolymers: From Controlled Synthesis to Multipurpose Applications
Authors: Feng Chun , Li Yongjun , Yang Dong , Hu Jianhua , Zhang Xiaohuan , Huang Xiaoyu
Published: June 2011

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry on a Half‐Shell: Synthesis and Derivatization of Buckybowls
Authors: Sygula Andrzej
Published: June 2011

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in the Field of π‐Conjugated 2,2′:6′,2′′‐Terpyridines
Authors: Wild Andreas , Winter Andreas , Schluetter Florian , Schubert Ulrich S.
Published: June 2011

Review: 523 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Recent Synthesis and Application of Silicon‐Stereogenic Silanes: A Renewed and Significant Challenge in Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Xu Li‐Wen , Li Li , Lai Guo‐Qiao , Jiang Jian‐Xiong
Published: June 2011

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygen‐Containing Functions
Authors: Jimenez M. Consuelo , Miranda Miguel A.
Published: June 2011

Review: 189 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions in Peptide Chemistry
Authors: Tornoee Christian Wenzel , Meldal Morten
Published: June 2011

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyamine‐Containing DNA Fragments
Authors: Zarytova V. F. , Levina A. S.
Published: June 2011

Review: 166 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Synthesis and Applications of Heterocycles Derived from Enaminonitriles
Authors: Bondock Samir , Abd El‐Gaber Tarhoni , Fadda Ahmed A.
Published: June 2011

Review: 146 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Achievements in the Chemistry of 1,2‐Diazines
Authors: Mangalagiu Ionel I.
Published: June 2011

Review: 99 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploring Potential of Quinoxaline Moiety
Authors: Patidar Ashutosh Kumar , Jeyakandan M. , Mobiya Ashok Kumar , Selvam G.
Published: June 2011

Review: 40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Five‐Membered Heterocycles
Authors: Hameed Shahid , Akhtar Tashfeen
Published: June 2011

Review: 222 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transformations of Organic Compounds in Supercritical Fluid Solvents: From Experiments to Kinetics, Thermodynamics, Simulation, and Practical Applications
Authors: Anikeev V. I.
Published: June 2011

Review: 62 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrone Derivatives and Metals: From Natural Products to Metal‐Based Drugs
Authors: Kandioller Wolfgang , Kurzwernhart Andrea , Hanif Muhammad , Meier Samuel M. , Henke Helena , Keppler Bernhard K. , Hartinger Christian G.
Published: June 2011

Review: 167 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Carotenoids and Their Cleavage Products: Biosynthesis and Functions
Authors: Walter Michael H. , Strack Dieter
Published: June 2011

Review: 282 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mode of Action and Biosynthesis of the Azabicycle‐Containing Natural Products Azinomycin and Ficellomycin
Authors: Foulke‐Abel Jennifer , Agbo Hillary , Zhang Huitu , Mori Shogo , Watanabe Coran M. H.
Published: June 2011

Review: 58 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic Nanotubes and Fullerene‐Like Structures — From Synthesis to Applications
Authors: Bar‐Sadan Maya , Tenne Reshef
Published: June 2011

Review: 147 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Efficient Technical Processes for the Production of Enantiopure Amino Alcohols in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Klingler Franz Dietrich
Published: June 2011

Review: 51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pharmacogenomic Research for Avoiding Adverse Reactions by Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Saito Yoshiro
Published: June 2011

Review: 18 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Development Study of a Novel Pharmacological Chaperone for Folding‐Defective Rhodopsin Mutants Responsible for Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Ohgane Kenji , Dodo Kosuke , Hashimoto Yuichi
Published: June 2011

Review: 71 refs.
Effects of Fenton Pre‐Treatment on Waste Activated Sludge Properties
Authors: Erden Gulbin , Filibeli Ayse
Published: June 2011

Fenton process was investigated for the purpose of biological sludge disintegration. The Box–Wilson experimental design was employed to evaluate the effects of major process variables (Fe(II) and H2O2 concentrations) on both disintegration and dewatering performance of sludge. Results showed that 4 g Fe(II)/kg total solids (TSs) and 60 g H2O2/kg TS are efficient for floc disintegration. Fenton pre‐treatment enhanced the biodegradability of sludge. For 4 g Fe(II)/kg TS and 60 g H2O2/kg TS, 19.4% higher methane production was achieved compared to raw sludge in biochemical methane potential assay. Fenton pre‐treatment resulted in the release of organic sludge components into the liquid phase. For 4 g Fe(II)/kg TS and 60 g H2O2/kg TS, dissolved organic carbon and total nitrogen in sludge's supernatant increased by 75.74 and 60.60%, respectively. Fenton pre‐treatment enhanced the filterability of sludge and it can be applied for conditioning purpose before mechanical dewatering units.