bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fungicidal Property of Andrographis paniculata extract on Fungal Organisms from Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad (Melon Seeds)
Authors: E. C Chuku, , B Chika, , F. W Nmom,
Published: August 2020

Antifungal property of A. paniculata on fungal isolates from Citrullus colocynthis was investigated. Citrullus colocynthis were bought from traders in a major market in Abia State, Nigeria. The melon seeds were first cleaned and disinfested by keeping them in a freezer at -50C for 7 days to kill all hidden infestations. The disinfested seeds were dried in a Gallenkamp oven at 40oC for 4 hours before they were stored in plastic sterile containers with tight lids. Fresh plant of A. paniculata was collected from botanical garden of the Rivers State University and was identified in the botany department. The leaves of the plant were shade dried and blended into fine powder. Twenty grams (20g) of the powdered leaves was extracted using methanol and ethanol. The filtrate was evaporated and the resulting crude extract was used for antifungal sensitivity test. Fungi associated with rotted C. colocynthis were identified using standard microbiological methods. The antifungal activity of the extracts was carried out using the well in agar diffusion method. In this method, 48 hours old fungal isolate was inoculated on dried Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates in duplicates. five wells were bored using sterile 6mm cork borer on the dried seeded plates before 0.2ml of the different concentrations of 100, 50, 25, and 12.5mg/ml of the methanol extracts were transferred into the wells using sterile pipettes. Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus arrhizus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus sp and Mucor sp were identified from the melon seeds. The zone diameters of methanolic extract of A. paniculata on Rhizopus arrhizus, A. niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus sp and Mucor sp were 11.50±0.71, 19.50±0.71, 34.50±0.71, 15.00±0.00 and 17.00±0.00mm, respectively. The zone diameters of ethanolic extract of A. paniculata on Rhizopus arrhizus, A. niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus sp and Mucor sp were 0.00±0.00, 16.50±0.71, 34.50±0.71, 20.50±0.71 and 0.00±0.00mm, respectively. There were significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in the antifungal activity of the extract across the fungal isolates. The antifungal activity of the leave extracts showed that the ethanolic extract and the methanolic extract were very active on the fungal isolates and the antifungal activities of the extract was greatly influenced by the concentration of the extract, with higher concentrations of extract having high zone diameter.
Early African Christianity–A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Ahaligah Aidan Kwame
Published: August 2020

This article is devoted to a thematic analysis of early or ancient African Christianity and its influence on ecclesial practices and thinking in contemporary Africa. Drawing on literature in the history of the church in antiquity this paper re-tells the story of how Africa and Africans in the first millennium developed and shaped World Christianity. Specifically, it discusses the contributions made to the early Church by the African Fathers of the faith, Origen and Augustine. The paper contest sentiments and perceptions that Christianity is a “white mans” religion and to reclaim African Christianity’s identity as a global religious culture which has existed since antiquity. Moreover, it argues that a lot is lost, with its attendant misinterpretations, when Christianity in Africa is only viewed as a result of the fruits of the nineteenth-century missionary activities. The paper contributes to the study of African Church history, the contextualisation/inculturation of the gospel, and African theology.
Adiabatic Mass Loss in Binary Stars. III. From the Base of the Red Giant Branch to the Tip of the Asymptotic Giant Branch
Authors: Ge Hongwei , Webbink Ronald F , Chen Xuefei , Han Zhanwen
Published: August 2020

The distinguishing feature of the evolution of close binary stars is the role played by the mass exchange between the component stars. Whether or not the mass transfer is dynamically stable is one of the essential questions in binary evolution. In the limit of extremely rapid mass transfer, the response of a donor star in an interacting binary becomes asymptotically one of adiabatic expansion. We use the adiabatic mass-loss model to systematically survey the thresholds for dynamical timescale mass transfer over the entire span of possible donor star evolutionary states. We also simulate mass-loss process with isentropic envelopes, the specific entropy of which is fixed to be that at the base of the convective envelope, to artificially mimic the effect of such mass loss in superadiabatic surface convection regions, where the adiabatic approximation fails. We illustrate the general adiabatic response of

donor stars at different evolutionary stages. We extend our study to a grid of donor stars with different masses (from 0.1 to 100 M
⊙ with Z = 0.02) and at different evolutionary stages. We proceed to present our criteria for dynamically unstable mass transfer in both tabular and graphical forms. For red giant branch (RGB) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) donors in systems with such mass ratios, they may have convective envelopes deep enough to evolve into common envelopes on a thermal timescale, if the donor star overfills its outer Lagrangian radius. Our results show that the RGB and AGB stars tend to be more stable than previously believed, and this may be helpful to explain the abundance of observed post-AGB binary stars with an orbital period of around 1000 days.
Simulation-Based Learning During COVID-19: A Teaching Strategy for Protected Code Blues
Authors: Silver Sarabeth , Amaral Nely , Heng Diana , Mundle William
Published: August 2020

In light of the COVID-19 pandemic and uncertainties around risk of transmission, urgent hospital resuscitation (also known as “Code Blue”) efforts are needed, pivoting to protect health care workers. This article provides teaching tips for “Protected Code Blues.”

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(9):399–401.]
Systems Thinking for Managing COVID-19 in Health Care Systems: Seven Key Messages
Authors: Phillips Janet M. , Stalter Ann M.
Published: August 2020

This article provides the most current guidelines for nurse educators and nurses to use systems thinking to manage COVID-19 in health systems. A working definition of systems thinking is offered, with a review of basic knowledge and care in the context of the system awareness model (SAM). Seven key messages assist nurse educators and nurses in the management of COVID-19 patients culminating in leadership of complex health care systems using systems thinking.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(9):402–411.]
Developing a Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Nursing Education Toolkit
Authors: Luctkar-Flude Marian , Tyerman Jane , Ziegler Erin , Carroll Benjamin , Shortall Chris , Chumbley Lily , Tregunno Deborah
Published: August 2020

Background:

Current education lacks lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, intersex, and two-spirit (LGBTQI2S) content for health care providers (HCPs). Providing HCPs with understanding of LGBTQI2S health issues would reduce barriers. The Innovative Thinking to Support LGBTQI2S Health and Wellness trainee award supported the development of a website with virtual simulation games (VSGs) about providing culturally humble care to LGBTQI2S individuals to address this need.

Method:

An online educational toolbox was developed that included VSGs and resources. Development processes included a visioning meeting, development of learning objectives, and using a decision-point map for script writing. Bilingual VSGs were filmed, and the website was developed.

Results:

The Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Nursing Toolkit was created to advance cultural humility in practice. Learning modules focus on encounters using cultural humility to meet the unique needs of the LGBTQI2S community.

Conclusion:

Our innovative educational toolkit can be used to provide professional development of nurses and other HCPs to care for LGBTQI2S individuals.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(9):412–419.]
Transition to Practice Experiences of New Graduate Nurses From an Accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing Program: Implications for Academic and Clinical Partners
Authors: Wiersma Gretchen , Pintz Christine , Fraser Wyche Karen
Published: August 2020

Background:

This study explored the transition to practice experiences of new graduate nurses and the effects of their education on their readiness to practice.

Method:

This phenomenological study used two focus groups to gain an in-depth understanding of the lived experiences of these graduate nurses during their first year of practice, their perceptions of the effectiveness of their academic experience in preparing them for professional nursing practice, and clinical agency support.

Results:

Three themes emerged from the focus group analysis: Practice Readiness, Work-Related Environmental Influences, and Being a Nurse.

Conclusion:

This study provides insight into the key issues surrounding the transition process experienced by new nurses and suggests ways to educate and successfully transition them into professional practice. Information gained from this study provides a beginning evidence base for other educators in both the academic and clinical settings interested in supporting successful transition to practice for new graduate nurses.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(9):433–440.]
Augmenting Local Bone With Grafton Demineralized Bone Matrix for Posterolateral Lumbar Spine Fusion: Avoiding Second Site Autologous Bone Harvest
Authors: Sassard Walter R , Eidman Dan K , Gray Paul Milton , Block Jon E , Russo Richard , Russell James L , Taboada Elma M
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Mineralization and integrity of the bone graft mass were evaluated among patients having posterolateral fusion. Grafting consisted of a composite of Grafton and "local" autologous bone (n=56) or iliac crest autograft alone (n=52). Mineralization was rated radiographically at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Integrity was judged as fused or not fused. Mineralization ratings did not differ significantly between groups at any postoperative interval (P values of .25-1 .00). The percentage of patients fused was similar in both groups (60% and 56% for Grafton and controls, respectively; P=.83). Fifteen control patients reported donor site pain. These findings warrant further evaluation of this composite.
RETRACTION: Cryptanalysis and enhancement of multi factor remote user authentication scheme based on signcryption
Authors: Editorial Office
Published: August 2020

Advances in Mathematics of Communications, (2020)

This paper is retracted by decision of one of the Editors in Chief of the journal Advances in Mathematics of Communications.
A geometric characterization of minimal codes and their asymptotic performance
Authors: Alfarano Gianira N. , Borello Martino , Neri Alessandro
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we give a geometric characterization of minimal linear codes. In particular, we relate minimal linear codes to cutting blocking sets, introduced in a recent paper by Bonini and Borello. Using this characterization, we derive some bounds on the length and the distance of minimal codes, according to their dimension and the underlying field size. Furthermore, we show that the family of minimal codes is asymptotically good. Finally, we provide some geometrical constructions of minimal codes as cutting blocking sets.
Large-Scale Software-Defined IoT Platform for Provisioning IoT Services on Demand
Authors: Nguyen Chau Thi Minh , Hoang Doan B.
Published: August 2020

Internet of things (IoT) has developed into an interconnected platform infrastructure for providing everyday services. Emerging end-to-end IoT services are being developed for local and multiple distributed regions. To realize the on-demand services in a timely and economically beneficial way, programmability and reusability are crucial for provisioning and reusing IoT resources. Existing IoT platforms are rigid and cannot be easily adapted to accommodate new services. This paper proposes a programmable large-scale software-defined IoT model for provisioning IoT services on demand with two levels of management and orchestration. One orchestrates services over geographically distributed clusters and the other orchestrates services over IoT devices within a cluster. The model entails the design of IoT-specific controllers, software-defined virtual sensors, and a new protocol for managing resource-constrained but enriched devices. The model allows provisioning and resource-sharing of end-to-end IoT services on demand. Implementation results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model.
Deletion of Nemo-like Kinase in T Cells Reduces Single-Positive CD8+ Thymocyte Population
Authors: Daams Renée , Sime Wondossen , Leandersson Karin , Sitnicka Ewa , Massoumi Ramin
Published: August 2020

The β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in all stages of T cell development. Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is an evolutionary conserved serine/threonine kinase and a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. NLK can directly phosphorylate histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), as well as T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer–binding factor (TCF/LEF), causing subsequent repression of target gene transcription. By engineering mice lacking NLK in early stages of T cell development, we set out to characterize the role NLK plays in T cell development and found that deletion of NLK does not affect mouse health or lymphoid tissue development. Instead, these mice harbored a reduced number of single-positive (SP) CD8+ thymocytes without any defects in the SP CD4+ thymocyte population. The decrease in SP CD8+ thymocytes was not caused by a block in differentiation from double-positive CD4+CD8+ cells. Neither TCR signaling nor activation was altered in the absence of NLK. Instead, we observed a significant increase in cell death and reduced phosphorylation of LEF1 as well as HDAC1 among NLK-deleted SP CD8+ cells. Thus, NLK seems to play an important role in the survival of CD8+ thymocytes. Our data provide evidence for a new function for NLK with regard to its involvement in T cell development and supporting survival of SP CD8+ thymocytes.
Vertical distribution and daily patterns of birds in the dry deciduous forests of central western Madagascar
Authors: Rajaonarivelo Jeanne Arline , Andrianarimisa Aristide , Raherilalao Marie Jeanne , Goodman Steven
Published: August 2020

Data on the vertical distribution and ecological requirements of forest birds in western Madagascar are poorly documented. Strata use of forest-dwelling birds associated with vegetation structure and daily temperature patterns was examined in the dry deciduous forest of Kirindy. Six line transects of 1000 m each were used to survey birds and linear sampling to quantify vegetation structure. Data loggers were employed to record differences in temperature across vertical forest strata. A total of 3468 observations of 37 bird species were recorded. In the early morning, birds called frequently and used the canopy, at mid-day, when temperature in the upper strata increased on average around 7ºC, they tended to descend along a vertical gradient to the denser vegetation of the understory, presumably to avoid heat stress. In the case of largerbodied canopy birds, they occupied the mid-story during the heat of the day. Regardless of the time of the day, the mid-story was widely used by forest birds for feeding, roosting, and preening. These results demonstrate the sensitivity and vertical movements of birds to varying environmental conditions and provide new information on the ecology of Malagasy dry forest-dwelling birds.
Periprostatic fat thickness measured on MRI correlates with lower urinary tract symptoms, erectile function, and benign prostatic hyperplasia progression
Authors: Zhang Bo , Chen Xiang , Liu Yu-Hang , Gan Yu , Liu Pei-Hua , Chen Zhi , Xia Wei-Ping , Dai Guo-Yu , Ru Feng , Jiang Ze-Xiang , He Yao
Published: August 2020

This study investigated the correlation between periprostatic fat thickness (PPFT) measured on magnetic resonance imaging and lower urinary tract symptoms, erectile function, and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression. A total of 286 treatment-naive men diagnosed with BPH in our department between March 2017 and February 2019 were included. Patients were divided into two groups according to the median value of PPFT: high (PPFT >4.35 mm) PPFT group and low (PPFT <4.35 mm) PPFT group. After the initial evaluation, all patients received a combination drug treatment of tamsulosin and finasteride for 12 months. Of the 286 enrolled patients, 244 completed the drug treatment course. Patients with high PPFT had larger prostate volume (PV; P = 0.013), higher International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS; P = 0.008), and lower five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score (P = 0.002) than those with low PPFT. Both high and low PPFT groups showed significant improvements in PV, maximum flow rate, IPSS, and quality of life score and a decrease of IIEF-5 score after the combination drug treatment. The decrease of IIEF-5 score was more obvious in the high PPFT group than that in the low PPFT group. In addition, more patients in the high PPFT group underwent prostate surgery than those in the low PPFT group. Moreover, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis indicated that PPFT was positively correlated with age, PV, and IPSS and negatively correlated with IIEF-5 score; however, body mass index was only negatively correlated with IIEF-5 score.
Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers, Especially Fibrinogen to Albumin Ratio, Predict Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Fang Lin , Yan Fei-Hu , Liu Chao , Chen Jing , Wang Dan , Zhang Chun-Hui , Lou Chang-Jie , Lian Jie , Yao Yang , Wang Bo-Jun , Li Rui-Yang , Han Shu-Ling , Bai Yi-Bing , Yang Jia-Ni , Li Zhi-Wei , Zhang Yan-Qiao
Published: August 2020

Purpose Systemic inflammatory response is a critical factor that promotes the initiation and metastasis of malignancies including pancreatic cancer (PC). This study was designed to determine and compare the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC.Materials and Methods Three hundred fifty-three patients with resectable PC and 807 patients with locally advan-ced or metastatic PC were recruited in this study. These patients were classified into a training set (n=758) and a validation set (n=402). Kaplan-Meier survival plots and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze prognosis.Results Overall survival (OS) was significantly better for patients with resectable PC with low preoperative PLR (p=0.048) and MLR (p=0.027). Low FAR, MLR, NLR (p < 0.001), and PLR (p=0.003) were significantly associated with decreased risk of death for locally advanced or metastatic PC patients. FAR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.522; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.261 to 1.837; p < 0.001) and MLR (HR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.017 to 1.532; p=0.034) were independent prognostic factors for locally advanced or metastatic PC.Conclusion The prognostic roles of FAR, MLR, NLR, and PLR in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC were different. FAR showed the most prognostic power in locally advanced or metastatic PC. Low FAR was positively correlated with OS in locally advanced or metastatic PC, which could be used to predict the prognosis.
Spaces of knotted circles and exotic smooth structures
Authors: Arone Gregory , Szymik Markus
Published: August 2020

Suppose that

$N_1$
and

$N_2$
are closed smooth manifolds of dimension n that are homeomorphic. We prove that the spaces of smooth knots,

$ \operatorname {\mathrm {Emb}}(\mathrm {S}^1, N_1)$
and

$ \operatorname {\mathrm {Emb}}(\mathrm {S}^1, N_2),$
have the same homotopy

$(2n-7)$
-type. In the four-dimensional case, this means that the spaces of smooth knots in homeomorphic

$4$
-manifolds have sets

$\pi _0$
of components that are in bijection, and the corresponding path components have the same fundamental groups

$\pi _1$
. The result about

$\pi _0$
is well-known and elementary, but the result about

$\pi _1$
appears to be new. The result gives a negative partial answer to a question of Oleg Viro. Our proof uses the Goodwillie–Weiss embedding tower. We give a new model for the quadratic stage of the Goodwillie–Weiss tower, and prove that the homotopy type of the quadratic approximation of the space of knots in N does not depend on the smooth structure on N. Our results also give a lower bound on

$\pi _2 \operatorname {\mathrm {Emb}}(\mathrm {S}^1, N)$
. We use our model to show that for every choice of basepoint, each of the homotopy groups,

$\pi _1$
and

$\pi _2,$
of

$ \operatorname {\mathrm {Emb}}(\mathrm {S}^1, \mathrm {S}^1\times \mathrm {S}^3)$
contains an infinitely generated free abelian group.
A two weight local $Tb$ theorem for the Hilbert transform
Authors: Sawyer Eric T. , Shen Chun-Yen , Uriarte-Tuero Ignacio
Published: August 2020

We obtain a two weight local

Tb

theorem for any elliptic and gradient elliptic fractional singular integral operator

T^{\alpha}

on the real line

\mathbb{R}

, and any pair of locally finite positive Borel measures

(\sigma,\omega)

on

\mathbb{R}

. The Hilbert transform is included in the case

\alpha = 0

, and is bounded from

L^{2}(\sigma)

to

L^{2}(\omega)

if and only if the Muckenhoupt and energy conditions hold, as well as

b_{Q}

and

b_{Q}^{\ast}

testing conditions over intervals

Q

, where the families

\{b_{Q}\}

and

\{b_{Q}^{\ast}\}

are

p

-weakly accretive for some

p > 2

. A number of new ideas are needed to accommodate weak goodness, including a new method for handling the stubborn nearby form, and an additional corona construction to deal with the stopping form. In a sense, this theorem improves the

T1

theorem obtained by the authors and M. Lacey.
Editor’s notes
Authors: Ekpenyong Bernadine Nsa
Published: August 2020

No Abstract.
Spectral Transmission of Porcine Crystalline Lens at Post-Mortem Interval
Authors: Ojo Oluwasola M. , Ajayi Olajire B. , Musa Mutali J.
Published: August 2020

Purpose: Determining the total spectral transmission of the porcine crystalline lens at various post mortem intervals.

Method: An experimental study conducted in the Department of chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of pharmacy, University of Benin. Twenty pairs of porcine eyes were obtained from an abattoir in Benin City. The crystalline lenses were carefully extracted from the enucleated porcine eyes at various post- mortem intervals (0, 12, 24, 36 and 48hours) and their spectral transmissions were measured using a T80 UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. Measurement at 0 hour was used as a control being the baseline.

Result: The result showed a strong negative correlation between increased post mortem intervals and transmission of the crystalline lens for both eyes, as the post-mortem time interval increases, the transmission of long wavelengths (r = -0.992, P = 0.001), mid wavelengths (r = -0.994, P = 0.000)  and short wavelengths(r = -0.991, P = 0.001) decreases significantly. It was also observed there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) existed  between both eyes in the different wavelength regions with increased post mortem interval.

Conclusion: The study shows that time after death has effect on the spectral transmission of crystalline lens which can serve as important information in forensic evaluation.

Key words: Post mortem interval, crystalline lens, spectral transmission, spectrophotometer and porcine.
Beta-blocker use and up-titration after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a cohort study
Authors: Bruggmann Christel , Fournier Stéphane , Panchaud Alice , Muller Olivier , Sadeghipour Farshid , Voirol Pierre
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
The European Society of Cardiology recommends beta-blocker prescription after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Evidence for beta-blocker indication depends on the presence of left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] <40%, class I level A; LVEF ≥40%, class IIa level B). In clinical practice, beta-blockers should be up-titrated to target doses as long as patients tolerate them. The aim of this study was to assess the patterns of beta-blocker prescription and up-titration after STEMI for one year after hospital discharge.

METHODS
This observational study included patients admitted to a tertiary hospital for STEMI between April 2014 and April 2016. Patients with beta-blocker contraindications were excluded from the study. The primary outcomes were the patterns of beta-blocker prescription at discharge and at one year post-PCI, and the evolution of beta-blocker doses over the year. Beta-blocker doses were classified as low (<50% of the target dose) or high (≥50% target). As secondary outcomes, we assessed whether the beta-blocker prescriptions were different according to the type of hospital (university vs district) the patients were discharged from, and whether a short length of stay during the index event was related to a poor beta-blocker prescription at one year post-PCI.

RESULTS
Overall, 266 patients were followed for one year. Of the 217 patients with LVEF ≥40%, 197 (90.8%) received beta-blocker prescriptions at hospital discharge. At the time of discharge, doses were high for 13 (6.0%) and low for 184 (84.8%) patients. In the latter group, nine (4.9%) doses were up-titrated to high during the year after STEMI. Of the 49 patients with LVEFs <40%, 46 (93.9%) received beta-blocker prescriptions at discharge. Doses were high for 3 (6.1%) and low for 43 (87.8%) patients. In the latter group, two (4.7%) doses were up-titrated to high during the year after STEMI. Patients transferred to district hospitals were more likely to have no beta-blocker prescription at discharge in both LVEF groups. Finally, patients without any beta-blocker prescription at one year were more likely to have had a short university hospital stay during the index event.

CONCLUSION
Beta-blocker prescription after STEMI remains prevalent, but most doses are low and up-titration within one year is rare. This raises concern, particularly for patients with LVEFs <40%. Our findings highlight the changes in clinical practice over the last few decades, which corroborate with the latest evidence-based findings.
Fluxos e itinerâncias dos usuários de crack em São Paulo: impactos do programa municipal “De Braços Abertos”
Authors: Souza Eduardo Rumenig
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo, analiso os impactos do programa municipal “De Braços Abertos”, estruturado na região central de São Paulo para atender a usuários de crack socialmente vulneráveis. O percurso etnográfico possibilitou a abordagem de formas de sociabilidade entre agentes de saúde do Braços Abertos e usuários de crack. Posteriormente, a análise se deteve nos encontros de formação profissional dos agentes do Braços Abertos que atuam na região. A despeito da consolidação do programa, a cracolândia parece conservar uma certa territorialidade itinerante, sujeita a deslocamentos constantes e dependentes de táticas e ações discricionais mobilizadas por diferentes atores.
Trabalhadoras domésticas que moram no local de trabalho: trabalho, trajetórias e migração
Authors: Valeriano Marta Maria
Published: August 2020

O artigo analisa o trabalho, as trajetórias e os processos migratórios de trabalhadoras domésticas que moram nas residências em que trabalham. Trata-se de um estudo de caso na cidade de Goiânia-GO. Com trajetórias marcadas pela pobreza e o trabalho doméstico infantil, as trabalhadoras, em maioria jovens, negras e migrantes, encontraram na migração uma oportunidade de acesso a melhores condições de trabalho e aumento de renda. A moradia na casa dos patrões pessoaliza a relação de trabalho, fazendo com que as subjetividades interfiram na efetivação dos direitos conquistados pelas trabalhadoras domésticas. A efetivação desses direitos é fundamental para que se possa romper com o ciclo de desigualdades que as levaram ao trabalho doméstico remunerado.
“Livrai-nos do mal”: a secularização e os “espíritos” do fundamentalismo evangélico brasileiro
Authors: Maciel Brito Cleiton Ferreira , Moura Maciel Jeanne Mariel Brito de
Published: August 2020

Nesse artigo buscamos mostrar, a partir de uma discussão teórica, o fundamentalismo religioso no Brasil como forma de construção de identidades sociais em resposta ao processo de secularização. Primeiramente pontuamos nosso entendimento sobre secularização. Em seguida relacionamos essas características com a cultura, dando destaque à noção de identidades sociais. Depois procuramos mostrar como a secularização é percebida pelos grupos religiosos brasileiros, e como eles reconfiguram seus vínculos identitários na forma de fundamentalismos. Estabelecemos para isso, três tipos ideais, pontuando distinções entre eles, quais sejam: o fundamentalismo neopentecostal, o fundamentalismo pentecostal/católico e o fundamentalismo tradicional/protestante.
A dependência como metáfora
Authors: Nunes Matheus Caracho
Published: August 2020

Neste ensaio trago algumas cenas de minha história pessoal e reflito sobre elas a partir de anos de pesquisa em Comunidades Terapêuticas e em políticas sobre drogas. Cercada de mitos e estigmas atribuídos aos indivíduos, a dependência se torna uma metáfora. Apoiada no paradigma proibicionista, essa visão historicamente esteve na base da Política Nacional Sobre Drogas e atualmente emerge com grande força.
Criminalização das drogas e controle social: o papel da medicina na formação da moralidade burguesa
Authors: Nascimento Monique Batista do
Published: August 2020

A formação capitalista tornou possível um uso desmedido de substâncias psicoativas, causando preocupações governamentais devido a desregulamentação das condutas sociais necessárias para o bom funcionamento do novo sistema econômico. A necessidade de regulação de uma moralidade voltada para o trabalho, fez da medicina um instrumento de intervenção da realidade social, expandindo seu poder e influência para além do campo da saúde. A partir das contribuições teóricas de Michel Foucault sobre o nascimento da biopolítica, este artigo pretende apresentar o “problema das drogas” como um problema político e moral que tem como plano de fundo um crescente reconhecimento científico e profissional da autoridade médica que se consolidou atendendo aos interesses da sociedade capitalista.
O debate dos psicoativos nas ciências sociais: uma entrevista com Maurício Fiore
Authors: Gomes Ronaldo Martins
Published: August 2020

Entrevista para o dossiê
The First Year of Saudi Кing Salman’s Rule: Some Outcomes
Authors: Zinin Yu. N.
Published: August 2020

The article centers around some outcomes of the rule of Saudi king Salman who ascended the throne in January of2015 after the demise of his brother, Crown Prince Abdallah. The present economic situation is outlined in broad terms in light of worldwide fall of hydrocarbons prices through 2015 and their stabilization in 2016. The author analyses foreign performance of the royal supreme authority, its motifs and declared targets. It is emphasized that amid the consequences of Arab spring Riaydh is seeking to come to the front position in the region. The article deals with Saudi policy towards Iran, Yemen, events in Syria, and the development of SaudiAmerican relations which nowadays are exposed to the criticism from the both sides.
The place and role of Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region in the state system of Tajikistan
Authors: Parshin P. B.
Published: August 2020

The paper suggests a description of the place occupied in Tajikistan by the largest and less populated territory of the republic, namely Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region, inhabited mostly by relative to Tajiks Pamiri peoples that possess ethnic and confessional identity of their own and speak about a dozen of Easter Iranian languages. A part of the region is also inhabited by a small number of nomadic Kyrgyz clans. The role of the region and its population in the history, economic and political development of Tajikistan, especially in post-Soviet period, as well as its future potential and possible threats to its peoples are considered at some length.
Caucasian Workshop: the Activities in the Second Half of 2016
Authors: Mukhanov V. M. , Yarlykapov A. A.
Published: August 2020

.
Russia and China: Building a Trustful Partnership
Authors: Vorobyov V.
Published: August 2020

This brief history of relations between the PRC and the Soviet Union (Russia) traces their evolution, starting with open hostility and ideology-driven debates of the 1960’s through normalization during the Gorbachev era, ending with trustful partnership and strategic cooperation at the turn of the 21st century under Yeltsin and Putin.

The central topic is the negotiations of 1964-2004 for the delimitation along the western and eastern parts of the boundary between China and Russia, which ended with signing and ratifying an agreement resolving all territorial disputes and demarcating the boundaries at their full length. Establishment of cross-border cooperation on a broad range of issues is described as the main priority for both countries, taking into consideration the fact that large territory of Russia including its Far East and Far North is in the scope of the newest Chinese ‘One Belt, One Road’ initiative. The article analyses contents of this strategic initiative, its domestic and foreign economic implications. The history of military détente between China and Russia and confidence-building measures are described. Brief outline of the history of the SCO as well as the main concepts of its activities are also addressed. Several controversial questions concerning the possible trends of Sino-Russian cooperation in the current international situation are raised in the article.
Kurdish problem against a background of the war in Syria
Authors: Kudryashova Yu.
Published: August 2020

Presently Kurdish motivation for the creation of a national state is showed more strongly than supreme power’s efforts on the centralization of Iraq and Syria. The regional government of Iraqi Kurdistan managed to seek after masses of powers which enabled to pursue an independent from federal establishment policy. Syrian Kurds checking the civil war in their territory aspire to the official legalization of autonomy. If areas populated by Kurds federate an autonomous region Syrian Kurdistan may be formed close to the border of Syria with Turkey. The federalization of Syria greatly endangers the territorial integrity of Turkey because at its south border the formation allied with Turkish Kurds will assume an official status. However, leading Middle Eastern and Western powers are concerned with the preservation of present Iraqi, Syrian and Turkish boundaries.
SCO Forum: facing the enlargement
Authors: Bykov A. , Puzanova O.
Published: August 2020

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is on the verge of a new transformation into a more influential international organization, which is why the SCO Forum held in Tashkent this year has become one of the most r epresentative of the recent years. The forum has been held regularly since 2006 and always brought together leading experts from the member countries of the organization. Due to the arrangements made by the Institute for Strategic and Interregional Studies under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, this year the member countries and observer countries took part in productive discussions on such important matters as stability and security in the region, as well as discussed prospects for expanding the organization concluding that the process should not dilute the fundamental principles of the Organization’s activities.

Experts have also agreed that bilateral contradictions between individual member countries should not hamper the achievement of general agreement and development of consensual decisions on key issues on the SCO agenda. The ‘Shanghai spirit’ enshrined in the Charter and based on the principles of mutual trust, benefit, equality, and prevention of any unlawful actions directed against the interests of other member states, should become an ethical code that emphasizes the high level of partnership and trust within the SCO framework. The inclusion of India and Pakistan in the SCO bears a special significance. Such enlargement will give the organization a completely different meaning, as well as lay out new tasks for member countries and open prospects for a new format of multilateral relations based on mutual consideration of interests within the institutional framework of the Organisation.
The anniversary of the military coup attempt in Turkey, July 15–16, 2016. The evolution of a political system
Authors: Kudryashova Y. S.
Published: August 2020

During the government of AK Party army leaders underprivileged to act as an exclusive guarantor preserving a secular regime in the country. The political balance between Secular and Islamite elites was essentially removed after Erdogan was elected Turkish President. Consistently toughening authoritarian regime of a ruling party deeply accounts for a military coup attempt and earlier periodically occurred disturbance especially among the young. The methods of a coup showed the profundity of a split and the lack of cohesion in Turkish armed forces. Erdogan made the best use of a coup attempt’s opportunities to concentrate all power in his hands and to consolidate a present regime. The mass support of the population during a coup attempt ensured opportunities for a fundamental reorganization of a political system. Revamped Constitution at most increases political powers of the President.
International Legal Meaning of the Second Hague Peace Conference and the Role of Russia
Authors: Glikman O.
Published: August 2020

The paper presents the historical legal context of the Second Hague Peace Conference (1907) and highlights the role played by Fyodor Fyodorovich (Friedrich Fromhold) Martens in the successful outcome of the Conference. A characteristic is given to various aspects of the influence which the documents signed at the Conference exerted on the development of International Law, as well as to key factors of its impact on the modern legal norms.
The Arctic council as an international organization of a new type
Authors: Voronkov L. S. , Smirnova A. A.
Published: August 2020

The article emphasizes that the Arctic Council (AC) is a high level forum of cooperation, based on taking decisions by consensus that are carried out by member states on a voluntary basis and in accordance with their national interests. The AC does not meet the criteria of a classical international intergovernmental organization – IGO and may not be referred to as an international non-governmental organization – INGO due to its members. The high performance of the AC activity in the absence of a complex organizational structure, any executive body and a court is rooted in respect for national sovereignty of its member states. This informal international organization of new type became the core, around which a significant group of states, IGOs and INGOs, that received observer status at the AC, is created. Within the framework of its activity innovative tools of financing of ongoing programs have been developed. Participation of other member states of the AC in the anti-Russian sanctions does not become an obstacle for continuation of the close cooperation of all Arctic states in addressing the major problems of common concern in the Arctic. During the sanctions they established the Arctic economic council, signed the agreements on cooperation between coastal guards of all Arctic states, on scientific cooperation in the Arctic and on preventing unregulated fishing in the central part of the Arctic ocean. Negotiations on possible new agreements are going on between them. The model of informal international cooperation, demonstrated by the Arctic Council, is being successfully implemented also in the activities of the Nordic Council of Ministers, the Council of Barents/Euro-arctic Region, BRICS and other international organizations. This gave the authors the reason to conclude that this type of international organizations will be further developed in contemporary international relations.
Separatism in the Philippines: Islamist Terrorism, National Liberation or the Struggle for Resources?
Authors: Dikarev A. D.
Published: August 2020

The article highlights the history of separatist activities in the territory of Philippines, the struggle of Muslim minority inhabiting southern regions of the country, for autonomy and independence. This struggle has a constant trend to turn into military clashes with government troops and terrorist actions. The differences in the programs and actions of various political organizations of local Muslims are elucidated as well as ongoing attempts of the Philippine government to create Autonomous Region of the Muslim Mindanao, and most recently – larger Bangsamoro autonomy what will evidently demand changes in the constitution of the Unitarian republic in the direction of federalization. In conclusion the article briefly describes the aggravation of situation in the South of Philippines due to the growing importance of “Islamic factor” and activities of international terrorism in the modern world.
Northern Ireland Peace Talks (1993–1998): Factors of Success
Authors: Nosach A. A.
Published: August 2020

The article examines the final phase of Northern Ireland peace negotiations (1993–1998), which resulted in the Good Friday Agreement, a document that established the current constitutional status of the country. After a brief overview of the history of the conflict, the stances of the parties concerned are described, an outline of the negotiation process is traced and an analysis of the resulting agreement is given. The author concludes that the key to the success of the talks consisted in the following factors: due consideration of the opinions of those political parties and paramilitaries that were involved in the conflict; proper prioritization in regard to the goals of the negotiations; the principles of equality of the parties and democratic consent of the Irish people as the foundation for the peace process.
Changes in physico-chemical and sensory fruit quality attributes of apricot during ripening
Authors: Ahmad Munir , Ullah Sami , Rajwana Ishtiaq Ahmad , Akhtar Gulzar , Razzaq Kashif , Amin Muhammad , Faried Hafiz Nazar , Hassan Hamad , Saqib Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Varietal variation in apricot causes differential changes in fruit quality during ripening. A study was executed to evaluate the effect of apricot varietal variation on fruit physico-chemical and sensory attributes during fruit ripening. Fruits of two apricot cultivars, ‘Old Cap’ and ‘Red Flesh’ obtained from Baluchistan were monitored at ambient conditions (25 ± 2 °C and 60-65% RH) during fruit ripening for physico-chemical and sensory attributes. Irrespective to days at shelf during fruit ripening, fruits of ‘Red Flesh’ apricot exhibited significantly reduced fruit weight loss with greater fruit firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), total phenolic content (TPC), ascorbic acid and antioxidant scavenging activity (ASA) than ‘Old Cap’ apricot fruits. However, titratable acidity (TA) of ‘Old Cap’ apricot fruits remained significantly higher than ‘Red Flesh’ apricot fruits during ripening. At eating soft stage, sensory attributes including fruit pulp colour, taste, flavour and overall acceptability of ‘Red Flesh’ apricot fruits were superior to ‘Old Cap’ apricot fruits. In conclusion, ‘Red Flesh’ apricot showed better fruit physico-chemical attributes during fruit ripening and fruit sensory attributes at eating soft stage than ‘Old Cap’ apricot fruits.
Endophytic bacteria enhanced growth, fruit yield and quality in Phalsa (Grewia asiatica L.)
Authors: Ahmad Hassan , Jaskani Muhammad Jafar , Shafqat Waqar , Naveed Muhammad , Naqvi Summar Abbas , Haq Imran-ul , Hayat Akbar , Rehman Abdul
Published: August 2020

There is an immense need to replace chemical fertilizers with biofertilizers to address the soil, environment, and health issues. Endophytic bacteria act as biocontrol agents and promote plant growth and yield. Present study was designed to evaluate the microbial effect of endophytic bacteria on growth, fruit yield and quality of phalsa (Grewia asiatica L.). Three years old healthy, disease and insect-pest free plants were selected for the study. Experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four treatments; control, two bacteria such as Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN, Bacillus sp. strain MN54 and their combination (PsJN + MN54) with three replications. The treatments were applied after pruning (January) and flowering (March) as plants need nutrition for both vegetative and reproductive growth. Combined application of PsJN + MN54 resulted in greater vegetative and reproductive growths of plants i.e. number of shoots/plant (29.6), number of leaves/shoot (15.9), number of fruit clusters/shoot (14.0), number of fruits/cluster (14.1), fruit weight (13.7 g) and yield/plant (8.8 kg) than PsJN or MN54 alone and control. Fruit biochemical characteristic i.e. TSS (8.78 °Brix), TA (0.53%), ascorbic acid (44.44 mg 100 mL-1), total sugar (12.29%), reducing sugar (9.59%) and non-reducing sugar (4.92%) contents were also higher in plants treated with PsJN + MN54. All growth, yield and biochemical parameters correlated positively with each other except titratable acidity. Based on performance, the combined treatment (PsJN + MN54) can be applied at two stages, after pruning and at flowering, for better growth, yield and quality of phalsa crop.
Epistemologies for Conviviality, or Zumbification
Authors: Baldraia Fernando
Published: August 2020

This paper, inspired by Frantz Fanon’s thought, offers a diagnostic of our present times enacted as a “psychotic reaction” that melts together different scriptural registers to advance the notion of conviviality as a space of analytical experimentation where inequality and difference share the condition of conceptual isonomy. The particular thought experiment performed here tries to accomplish this goal by exploring the vernacular repertoire of the Brazilian junction of an afro-indigenous Atlantic. Its analytical gamble, zumbification, is the sketch of an epistemological subject-position whose labor consists in a kinesics of (at least) three movements: 1) the situatedness needed for effectively making political demands; 2) the decenteredness necessary for attenuating the harmful effects of (even strategic) essentialism as well as of the unavoidable reproduction of hegemonic exclusionary patterns; 3) the willfulness required for amplifying subalternized epistemological approaches so that they may become more pervasive.
Bridging the Gap: A Collegiate Coach Perspective on the Integration of Research into Practice
Authors: Smith Jed
Published: August 2020

Sport is a constantly evolving organism in which training methodologies are being shaped and fashioned in real time. The sport industry in recent years has grown into a very lucrative field with great financial elements at stake for those vested around a sport franchise. Winning competitions positively correlates with financial gain for the sport organization as losing negatively impacts the bottom line of the franchise. Due to the financial factors and pressures, as well as the spirit of competition, during the course of the history of sport, fringe methodologies in training, recovery, nutrition, sports medicine, sports psychology, and management have persistently been introduced. These fringe methodologies evolve out of a relentless attempt for coaches and athletes to gain an advantage on the opposition, not only to aid in the act of winning in the realm of athletic competition, but to gain in the field financial prosperity.