bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selective rearrangement of terminal epoxides into methylketones catalysed by a nucleophilic rhodium–NHC–pincer complex
Authors: Jürgens Eva , Wucher Barbara , Rominger Frank , Törnroos Karl W. , Kunz Doris
Published: December 2014

The highly nucleophilic complex 1 isomerises terminal epoxides exclusively to the respective methylketones in very high yield under mild conditions.
Nickel catalyzed dealkoxylative Csp2–Csp3 cross coupling reactions – stereospecific synthesis of allylsilanes from enol ethers
Authors: Guo Lin , Leiendecker Matthias , Hsiao Chien-Chi , Baumann Christoph , Rueping Magnus
Published: December 2014

The application of cyclic and acyclic enol ethers as electrophiles in cross coupling reactions offers new possibilities for the preparation of functional compounds.
A CuS-based chemical tongue chip for pattern recognition of proteins and antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Authors: Ran Xiang , Pu Fang , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang
Published: December 2014

A CuS-based sensor array having high stability and selectivity for identifying analytes on a quartz chip.
Transfer hydrogenation of unsaturated bonds in the absence of base additives catalyzed by a cobalt-based heterogeneous catalyst
Authors: Long Jilan , Zhou Ying , Li Yingwei
Published: December 2014

A novel non-noble Co@C–N system for catalytic transfer hydrogenation reactions is developed. The heterogeneous Co@C–N catalysts are highly active and selective in the hydrogenation of a variety of unsaturated bonds with isopropanol in the absence of base additives.
Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed C7-position C–H alkenylation and alkynylation of indolines
Authors: Yang Xiao-Fei , Hu Xu-Hong , Feng Chao , Loh Teck-Peng
Published: December 2014

A Rh(iii)-catalyzed regioselective C–H alkenylation and alkynylation of indolines is described. This protocol relies on the use of a removable pyridinyl directing group to access valuable C-7 functionalized indoline scaffolds with ample substrate scope and broad functional group tolerance.
Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids by template enhanced hybridization followed by rolling circle amplification and catalytic hairpin assembly
Authors: Song Weiling , Zhang Qiao , Sun Wenbo
Published: December 2014

An ultrasensitive protocol for fluorescent detection of DNA is designed by combining the template enhanced hybridization process (TEHP) with Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA) and Catalytic Hairpin Assembly (CHA), showing a remarkable amplification efficiency.
PO functional group-containing cryptands: from supramolecular complexes to poly[2]pseudorotaxanes
Authors: Wang Qi , Cheng Ming , Xiong Shuhan , Hu Xiao-Yu , Jiang Juli , Wang Leyong , Pan Yi
Published: December 2014

Host–guest systems based on PO functional group-containing cryptands and the corresponding supramolecular poly[2]pseudorotaxanes with different shapes were constructed successfully.
The enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-clusianone
Authors: Horeischi Fiene , Guttroff Claudia , Plietker Bernd
Published: December 2014

(+)-Clusianone, an exo-type B PPAP with reported anti-HIV and chemoprotective activities, was synthesized in eleven steps with 97% ee starting from acetylacetone.
A new class of rare earth tetrapyrrole sandwich complexes containing corrole and phthalocyanine macrocycles: synthesis, physicochemical characterization and X-ray analysis
Authors: Lu Guifen , Yan Sen , Shi Mengying , Yu Wenhan , Li Jing , Zhu Weihua , Ou Zhongping , Kadish Karl M.
Published: December 2014

The first example of a tetrapyrrole sandwich complex containing corrole macrocycle is prepared and spectroscopically, electrochemically and structurally characterized.
Origin of ion selectivity at the air/water interface
Authors: Sun Lu , Li Xin , Tu Yaoquan , Ågren Hans
Published: December 2014

A snapshot of a water droplet consisting of Cs+and I−ions with their hydration structures displayed. I−is hydrated anisotropically and the water–water hydrogen bonds in the first hydration shell are hindered. The anions have quite weak interactions with non-hydrogen-bonded water molecules in the first hydration shell, making it easier for them to leave the site. In contrast, cations obtain more stable hydration shells with an increase in their size.
Graphene and graphitic derivative filled polymer composites as potential sensors
Authors: Ponnamma Deepalekshmi , Guo Qipeng , Krupa Igor , Al-Maadeed Mariam Ali S. A. , K. T. Varughese , Thomas Sabu , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar
Published: December 2014

Graphite and numerous graphitic-derived micro- and nano-particles have gained importance in current materials science research.
Feather-like Ag@TiO2nanostructures as plasmonic antenna to enhance optoelectronic performance
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhai Jin , Song Yanlin
Published: December 2014

A schematic diagram of feather-like Ag@TiO2nanostructures as “plasmonic antenna”. In electrodes, feather-like Ag@TiO2captures and transfers the photoinduced electrons.
Soft fluorescent nanomaterials for biological and biomedical imaging
Authors: Peng Hong-Shang , Chiu Daniel T.
Published: December 2014

Various soft fluorescent nanomaterials based on organic chromophores are highly competent nano-probes forin vitroandin vivoimaging.
Synthesis methods to prepare single- and multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Authors: Gutiérrez L. , Costo R. , Grüttner C. , Westphal F. , Gehrke N. , Heinke D. , Fornara A. , Pankhurst Q. A. , Johansson C. , Veintemillas-Verdaguer S. , Morales M. P.
Published: December 2014

We review and classify synthetic routes to either single-core or multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
Neutral N^C^N terdentate luminescent Pt(ii) complexes: their synthesis, photophysical properties, and bio-imaging applications
Authors: Colombo Alessia , Fiorini Federica , Septiadi Dedy , Dragonetti Claudia , Nisic Filippo , Valore Adriana , Roberto Dominique , Mauro Matteo , De Cola Luisa
Published: December 2014

The reported cyclometallated Pt(ii) complexes are characterized by a high cell permeability and a low cytotoxicity. In particular, PtL1Cl shows a very fast internalization kinetics.
Synthesis, characterisation and properties of rare earth oxyselenides A4O4Se3(A = Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb and Y)
Authors: Tuxworth Andrew J. , Wang Chun-Hai , Evans John S. O.
Published: December 2014

We report the synthesis of new A4O4Se3(A = rare earth element) materials and identify three new structure types (β, γ, δ).
Controlling the redox properties of a pyrroloquinolinequinone (PQQ) derivative in a ruthenium(ii) coordination sphere
Authors: Mitome Hiroumi , Ishizuka Tomoya , Shiota Yoshihito , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Kojima Takahiko
Published: December 2014

Difference in the coordination modes of pyrroloquinolinequinone (PQQ), a redox-active heteroaromatic cofactor, in ruthenium(ii) complexes, drastically affects the stability of the metal coordination and the reversibility of the reduction process of the PQQ ligand. Additional metal-ion binding to the PQQ ligand largely raises its 1e−-reduction potential.
Novel electrochemi-/photo-luminescence of Ag3Cu5 heterometallic alkynyl clusters
Authors: Jiang Yi , Guo Wen-Jing , Kong De-Xian , Wang Yong-Tao , Wang Jin-Yun , Wei Qiao-Hua
Published: December 2014

Two windmill-like Ag3Cu5 alkynyl clusters were synthesized and characterized. They display novel PL and ECL properties, which could be modified by changing the substituent on the alkynyl ligands. According to the study of EC, ECL behaviours and ECL emission spectra of the Ag3Cu5 clusters, a possible ECL mechanism was proposed.
Harnessing medically relevant metals onto water-soluble subphthalocyanines: towards bimodal imaging and theranostics
Authors: Bernhard Yann , Winckler Pascale , Perrier-Cornet Jean-Marie , Decréau Richard A.
Published: December 2014

Water-soluble subphthalocyanine (SubPc) - chelating ligands (DOTA, DTPA) conjugates were complexed with six metals relevant to medical imaging/therapies (MRI, PET, SPECT, RIT, NCT). Magneto-optical properties of the ditopic Gd complex and cellular microscopy studies were reported.
Recent advances in dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells for solar hydrogen production based on molecular components
Authors: Yu Ze , Li Fei , Sun Licheng
Published: December 2014

Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells based on molecular components represent promising approaches to generate hydrogenviasolar-driven water splitting.
A statistical comparison of active and passive ammonia measurements collected at Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET) sites
Authors: Puchalski Melissa A. , Rogers Christopher M. , Baumgardner Ralph , Mishoe Kevin P. , Price Garry , Smith Michael J. , Watkins Nealson , Lehmann Christopher M.
Published: December 2014

This study compared ambient ammonia concentrations measured by the Ammonia Monitoring Network (AMoN) with active and passive samplers at Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET) sites.
Characterization of fine particulate matter in ambient air by combining TEM and multiple spectroscopic techniques – NMR, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Ji Zhurun , Dai Rucheng , Zhang Zengming
Published: December 2014

We report a study of the microstructures and spectroscopic characteristics of PM2.5and its potential sources in Beijing by combining transmission electron microscopy and multiple spectroscopic techniques: nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy.
Insights into mechanisms of capillary assembly
Authors: Ni Songbo , Leemann Jessica , Wolf Heiko , Isa Lucio
Published: December 2014

Capillary assembly in a topographical template is a powerful and flexible method for fabricating complex and programmable particle assemblies. To date, very little attention has been paid to the effects that the trap geometry – in particular the trap depth – has on the outcome of the assembly process. In this paper, we provide insights into the mechanisms behind this directed assembly method by systematically studying the impact of the trap depth and the surface tension of the suspension. Using confocal microscopy, we investigate the assembly process at the single-particle level and use these observations to formulate a simple mechanical model that offers guidelines for the successful assembly of single or multiple particles in a trap. In particular, single particles are assembled for shallow traps and moderate surface tensions, opening up the possibility to fabricate multifunctional particle dimers in two consecutive assembly steps.
Effect of NaFeEDTA-fortified soy sauce on zinc absorption in children
Authors: Li Min , Wu Jinghuan , Ren Tongxiang , Wang Rui , Li Weidong , Piao Jianhua , Wang Jun , Yang Xiaoguang
Published: December 2014

NaFeEDTA has been applied in many foods as an iron fortificant and is used to prevent iron deficiency in Fe-depleted populations.
Synthesis of sulfonamides via I2-mediated reaction of sodium sulfinates with amines in an aqueous medium at room temperature
Authors: Pan Xiaojun , Gao Jian , Liu Juan , Lai Junyi , Jiang Huanfeng , Yuan Gaoqing
Published: December 2014

A convenient and green synthetic route has been developed to synthesize sulfonamides in an aqueous medium at room temperature, without the use of transition metal catalysts and oxidants.
Widening functional boundaries of the σ54promoter Pu of Pseudomonas putida by defeating extant physiological constraints
Authors: de las Heras Aitor , Martínez-García Esteban , Domingo-Sananes Maria Rosa , de Lorenzo Víctor
Published: December 2014

The functional boundaries of thePupromoter can be expanded by overproduction of both sigma-54 and the transcriptional regulator XylR.
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of trivalent ultrashort Arg-Trp-based antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)
Authors: Hoffknecht Barbara C. , Albada H. Bauke , Sturm Marina , Prochnow Pascal , Bandow Julia E. , Metzler-Nolte Nils
Published: December 2014

Multivalent display of identical ultrashort (only 2–3 amino acids long) antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) was used in order to create potential new antimicrobial agents.
Efficient white polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells
Authors: Xiong Yan , Li Lu , Liang Jiajie , Gao Huier , Chou Shuyu , Pei Qibing
Published: December 2014

An efficient white polymer light-emitting electrochemical cell has been fabricated with a thin-film sandwich architecture of glass/indium tin oxide/electroluminescent layer/aluminum.
Naphthopyranones – isolation, bioactivity, biosynthesis and synthesis
Authors: Donner Christopher D.
Published: December 2014

This review documents the known naturally occurring naphthopyranones (1H-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-1-ones) – their isolation, biosynthesis and biological activity. A survey of methods reported for the synthesis of naphthopyranone natural products is also presented.
The nature of the Fe–graphene interface at the nanometer level
Authors: Cattelan M. , Peng G. W. , Cavaliere E. , Artiglia L. , Barinov A. , Roling L. T. , Favaro M. , Píš I. , Nappini S. , Magnano E. , Bondino F. , Gavioli L. , Agnoli S. , Mavrikakis M. , Granozzi G.
Published: December 2014

The interaction of iron with graphene/Pt(111) has been experimentally and theoretically investigated evidencing a splitting of graphene π bands due to the hybridization with Fe 3d states.
Laser beam controlled drug release from Ce6–gold nanorod composites in living cells: a FLIM study
Authors: Xu Yongkui , He Ruoyu , Lin Dongdong , Ji Minbiao , Chen Jiyao
Published: December 2014

A new method to image drug release from drug–nanoparticle composites in living cells was established.
Simple synthesis of smart magnetically driven fibrous films for remote controllable oil removal
Authors: Wu Jing , Wang Nü , Zhao Yong , Jiang Lei
Published: December 2014

The smart magnetically controllable oil removal carrier was successfully fabricatedviaelectrospinning. It effectively overcomes the drawback of the otherin situoil adsorbant materials and can be easily recovered.
Three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene as an ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of dopamine
Authors: Feng Xiaomiao , Zhang Yu , Zhou Jinhua , Li Yi , Chen Shufen , Zhang Lei , Ma Yanwen , Wang Lianhui , Yan Xiaohong
Published: December 2014

The 3D N-doped graphene is developed as an electrochemical electrode for the ultrasensitive detection of dopamine.
A plasmonic random laser tunable through stretching silver nanowires embedded in a flexible substrate
Authors: Zhai Tianrui , Chen Jie , Chen Li , Wang Jieyu , Wang Li , Liu Dahe , Li Songtao , Liu Hongmei , Zhang Xinping
Published: December 2014

A plasmonic random laser tunable through stretching silver nanowires embedded in a flexible substrate has been investigated.
Concentration dependent speciation and mass transport properties of switchable polarity solvents
Authors: Wilson Aaron D. , Orme Christopher J.
Published: December 2014

Tertiary amine switchable polarity solvents (SPS) were produced at various concentrations for three different amines and physical properties measured. The data allowed the identification of various molecular solution states and material trends.
One-step hydrothermal synthesis and optical properties of PEG-passivated nitrogen-doped carbon dots
Authors: Zhang Ben-Xing , Zhang Gang-Yi , Gao Hui , Wu Shao-Hui , Chen Jian-Hua , Li Xiao-Long
Published: December 2014

PEG-passivation enhanced the luminescence intensity of nitrogen-doped carbon dots markedly.
Enhancement of dielectric permittivity and ferroelectricity of a modified cobalt nanoparticle and polyvinylidene fluoride based composite
Authors: Vasundhara K. , Mandal B. P. , Tyagi A. K.
Published: December 2014

A remarkable increase in the amount of polar β phase has been observed upon dispersion of cobalt nanoparticles in the PVDF matrix. A significant improvement in the dielectric constant of PVDF has been achieved.
Structures, electronic properties and charge carrier mobility of graphdiyne-like BN nanoribbons
Authors: Sun Yanli , Bai Hongcun , Huang Yuanhe
Published: December 2014

The structures, stabilities, electronic properties and charge carrier mobility of graphdiyne-like BN nanoribbons are investigated using the SCF-CO method.
Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of BiOI/BiOCOOH composites synthesized via ion exchange strategy
Authors: Chai Bo , Wang Xing
Published: December 2014

The p–n heterojunction BiOI/BiOCOOH photocatalyst with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity was synthesized by an in situ ion exchange strategy.
Eye-readable gasochromic and optical hydrogen gas sensor based on CuS–Pd
Authors: Kalanur Shankara S. , Lee Young-Ahn , Seo Hyungtak
Published: December 2014

A CuS–Pd nanohybrid functions as a naked eye detectable H2 chemochromic and optical sensor by taking an advantage of a decrease in localized surface plasmon resonance due to a reduction in free carrier density.
Nanometer-level high-accuracy molding using a photo-curable silicone elastomer by suppressing thermal shrinkage
Authors: Mogi Katsuo , Hashimoto Yuki , Tsukahara Takeshi , Terano Motoki , Yoshino Masahiko , Yamamoto Takatoki
Published: December 2014

The photocured elastomer presented here provided extremely high replication accuracy due to its thermal shrinkage of less than 0.02%, compared to 2.91% in the heat-cured elastomer.
Assessment of the corrosion protection ability of cysteamine and hybrid sol–gel twin layers on copper in 1% NaCl
Authors: Karthik Namachivayam , Sethuraman Mathur Gopalakrishnan
Published: December 2014

Significant protection of copper in neutral medium was achieved by grafting of cysteamine-hybrid sol–gel twin layers over copper.
In vivo pharmacokinetic features and biodistribution of star and rod shaped gold nanoparticles by multispectral optoacoustic tomography
Authors: Wang Jing , Xie Yadian , Wang Liming , Tang Jinglong , Li Jiayang , Kocaefe Duygu , Kocaefe Yasar , Zhang Zhiwen , Li Yaping , Chen Chunying
Published: December 2014

Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) provides a real-time monitoring method to evaluate gold nanoparticles' pharmacokinetics and biodistribution.
Nano Brönsted solid acid containing double-charged diazoniabi-cyclo[2.2.2]octane chloride supported on nano rice husk silica: an efficient catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of phthalazine compounds
Authors: Davarpanah Jamal , Kiasat Ali Reza
Published: December 2014

In the present work, amorphous silica nanoparticles were synthesized from low-cost rice husk ash (RH–SiO2).
Effects of plasticizers on the strain-induced crystallization and mechanical properties of natural rubber and synthetic polyisoprene
Authors: Ren Yueqing , Zhao Suhe , Yao Qian , Li Qianqian , Zhang Xingying , Zhang Liqun
Published: December 2014

Effects of different type of plasticizers on the strain-induced crystallization and stress–strain curves of crystallizable rubber.
Controlling the electronic transport properties of the tetrapyrimidinyl molecule with atom modified sulfur bridge
Authors: Ma Jie , Yang Chuan-Lu , Wang Mei-Shan , Ma Xiao-Guang
Published: December 2014

The effect of the modified sulfur bridge on the I–V characteristics of a two-probe system of tetrapyrimidinyl molecules and Au electrodes is explored based on density functional theory with nonequilibrium Green's function.
Pretreatment with paeonol prevents the adverse effects and alters the translocation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Shu Chengjie , Yu Xiaoming , Wu Qiuli , Zhuang Ziheng , Zhang Weiming , Wang Dayong
Published: December 2014

Pretreatment with paeonol alters toxicity and translocation of MWCNTs in nematodes.
Selective, high efficiency reduction of CO2 in a non-diaphragm-based electrochemical system at low applied voltage
Authors: Yim Kwang-Jin , Song Dong-Keun , Kim Chan-Soo , Kim Nam-Gyu , Iwaki Toru , Ogi Takashi , Okuyama Kikuo , Lee Sung-Eun , Kim Tae-Oh
Published: December 2014

Electrochemical CO2 reduction in a diaphragm-less cell selectively afforded CH4 and H2 in methanolic NaOH and KOH electrolytes, respectively.
Continuous biocatalytic recovery of neodymium and europium
Authors: Murray Angela J. , Singh Sarah , Vavlekas Dimitrios , Tolley Mark R. , Macaskie Lynne E.
Published: December 2014

Bacterial biofilms recover key rare earth elements as nanocrystalline metal phosphatesviarobust phosphatase activity, more efficiently than polyacrylamide gel-immobilized cells and show promise for bioremediation and biocatalyst manufacturing.
Cooperative transformation of nitroarenes and biomass-based alcohols catalyzed by CuNiAlOx
Authors: Dai Xingchao , Cui Xinjiang , Yuan Hangkong , Deng Youquan , Shi Feng
Published: December 2014

A simple CuNiAlOx catalyst was prepared for the cooperative transformation of nitrobenzene derivatives and biomass-based alcohols.
The catalytic evaluation of in situ grown Pd nanoparticles on the surface of Fe3O4@dextran particles in the p-nitrophenol reduction reaction
Authors: Lara Luciano R. S. , Zottis Alexandre D. , Elias Welman C. , Faggion Deonildo , Maduro de Campos Carlos Eduardo , Acuña Jose Javier S. , Domingos Josiel B.
Published: December 2014

We report the catalytic activity evaluation of in situ grown Pd nanoparticles on the surface of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 particles coated with the natural polymer dextran, in the reduction of p-nitrophenol (Nip), in water, by sodium borohydride.
Platinum-decorated carbon nanotubes for hydrogen oxidation and proton reduction in solid acid electrochemical cells
Authors: Thoi V. Sara , Usiskin Robert E. , Haile Sossina M.
Published: December 2014

Carbon nanotubes are used as interconnects between directly deposited Pt nanoparticles and a proton conducting solid acid electrolyte for proton reduction and hydrogen oxidation in CsH2PO4-based solid acid cells. These composite electrodes significantly reduce the Pt loading and achieve record Pt utilization for solid acid cells.
C–H arylation of triphenylene, naphthalene and related arenes using Pd/C
Authors: Collins Karl D. , Honeker Roman , Vásquez-Céspedes Suhelen , Tang Dan-Tam D. , Glorius Frank
Published: December 2014

A highly selective arylation of a number of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with aryliodonium salts and Pd/C as the only reagent is reported.
The gold(i)⋯lead(ii) interaction: a relativistic connection
Authors: Echeverría Raquel , López-de-Luzuriaga José M. , Monge Miguel , Olmos M. Elena
Published: December 2014

The heteronuclear complex [Pb{HB(pz)3}Au(C6Cl5)2] is a blue emitter in the solid state and displays an unprecedented and unsupported Au(i)⋯Pb(ii) contact.Ab initiocalculations show a very strong metallophilic interaction that is greatly influenced by relativistic effects.
Sphere to rod transitions in self assembled systems probed using direct force measurement
Authors: Fewkes Christopher J. , Tabor Rico F. , Dagastine Raymond R.
Published: December 2014

An investigation into the influence of sphere to rod transition in micelle shape on the forces between interacting emulsion droplets.
Triphenylamine-based π-conjugated dendrimers: convenient synthesis, easy solution processability, and good hole-transporting properties
Authors: Li Zhong'an , Ye Tenglin , Tang Sun , Wang Can , Ma Dongge , Li Zhen
Published: December 2014

As the hole-transporting layer fabricated through a facile solution process, DT2, bearing 22 triphenylamine moieties, can endow an Alq3 based multi-layer OLED device with a maximum current efficiency of 2.36 cd A−1.
Novel multi-color photoluminescence emission phosphors developed by layered gadolinium hydroxide via in situ intercalation with positively charged rare-earth complexes
Authors: Shen Tingting , Zhang Yu , Liu Weisheng , Tang Yu
Published: December 2014

The hybrid multi-color emission phosphors have been assembled by the positively charged Eu(iii) and Tb(iii) complexes in situ intercalated into the gallery of layered gadolinium hydroxide utilizing the chelation of the picolinic acid anions by ligand exchange reaction.
A bipolar homoleptic iridium dendrimer composed of diphenylphosphoryl and diphenylamine dendrons for highly efficient non-doped single-layer green PhOLEDs
Authors: Tian Wenwen , Qi Qi , Song Bo , Yi Chang , Jiang Wei , Cui Xia , Shen Wei , Huang Bin , Sun Yueming
Published: December 2014

G2PO shows ultrahigh luminous efficiency for single-layer host-free green PhOLEDs, owing to the high film PLQY and balanced charge injection/transport.
Effect of surface grafting coefficient and chain length of fatty acids on the luminescence of neodymium3+-doped LaF3 nanoparticles
Authors: Nampoothiri Pramod K. , Gandhi Mayuri N. , Kulkarni A. R.
Published: December 2014

Effect of chain length and surface grafting coefficient (ξ) of fatty acids on the luminescence intensity of LaF3:Nd3+ nanoparticles were investigated.
Room temperature ferromagnetism in (Ga1−xMnx)2O3 epitaxial thin films
Authors: Guo Daoyou , Wu Zhenping , An Yuehua , Li Xiaojiang , Guo Xuncai , Chu Xulong , Sun Changlong , Lei Ming , Li Linghong , Cao Lixin , Li Peigang , Tang Weihua
Published: December 2014

Mn-doped monoclinic β-(Ga1−xMnx)2O3 thin films were epitaxially grown on α-Al2O3 (0001) substrates by alternately depositing Ga2O3 and Mn layers using the laser molecular beam epitaxy technique.
Qualitätssicherung in der Sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung durch Peer Review – ein Pilotprojekt der Deutschen Rentenversicherung
Authors: Strahl A. , Gerlich C. , Wolf H.-D. , Gehrke J. , Müller-Garnn A. , Vogel H.
Published: December 2014

Einleitung: Auf Initiative der Kommission zur Weiterentwicklung der Sozialmedizin in der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung wurde in den letzten Jahren ein Qualitätssicherungskonzept für die sozialmedizinische Begutachtung bei Anträgen auf Erwerbsminderungsrenten entwickelt, dem ein Peer Review-Verfahren zugrunde liegt. Die Qualitätsbewertung in diesem Verfahren vollzieht sich mithilfe eines hierarchisch aufgebauten Prüffragenkatalogs, der in diesem Pilotprojekt auf seine Güte hin evaluiert wurde.

Methoden: Datengrundlage bildeten 260 Erstgutachten zur Erwerbsminderungsrente von 12 teilnehmenden Rentenversicherungsträgern, zu denen insgesamt 771 Reviews von 19 Peers erstellt wurden. Zur Beurteilung der Reliabilität wurde in erster Linie Kendalls Konkordanzkoeffizient W herangezogen.

Ergebnisse: Für das Verfahren konnten je nach Prüffrage sehr heterogene Reliabilitätswerte identifiziert werden. Der Range für Kendells W erstreckte sich dabei von 0,09 bis 0,88. Das übergeordnete Kriterium, welches gleichzeitig das Hauptzielkriterium ist, erreicht einen Wert von 0,37.

Schlussfolgerung: Die Interrater-Reliabilität des Peer Reviews der sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung mithilfe des vorliegenden Manuals erweist sich im Kontext vergleichbarer Studienergebnisse aus anderen Peer Review-Kontexten als akzeptabel. Ansatzpunkte für eine Verbesserung können in einer systematischen Schulung und regelmäßigen Anwendertreffen der Peers gesehen werden.
How shadows shape our impression of rough surfaces
Authors: Salami M. , Hajian A. , Fazeli S. M. , Vasheghani Farahani S. , Jafari G. R.
Published: December 2014

The aim here is to shape our impression of rough surfaces based on the formation of shadows. The shadows blackout some parts of the surface leading us to state that rough surfaces are not always quite the way they seem. In fact, it is the angle of view that proves the size of the shadows. In surface profilometry, the scanned image is produced by a vertical shot. While in nature, a vertical sighting of events is not always possible or preferred, therefore readings by various observers would depend on the angle of their line of sight. In the present work, owing to the statistical properties of rough surfaces, the relation between a vertical and angular line of site view of a surface is obtained. This enables the estimation of how the surface really looks like, even though the observer has an non vertical line of sight. To be most illustrative, a comparison between wave scattering from an actual surface and that from an observed surface is performed. The shadowing effects which are shown to be inversely proportional to the Hurst exponent, cause the height correlation function to posses a bi-scaling behaviour. We also illustrate how the correlation develops its efficiency as the line of sight angle tends to zero, making the surface look smooth.
Perspective: Metal-organic frameworks—Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Rosseinsky M. J.
Published: December 2014

The interplay of metal-ligand coordination chemistry with the diverse organic chemistry of the molecular linkers in metal-organic frameworks offers exciting new directions not only in the important area of porous materials, but more generally as a route to control of function by the integration of organic and inorganic components. This makes the current APL Materials issue particularly timely. This Perspective summarises some important aspects of the current state of play.
Interfacial Nb-substitution induced anomalous enhancement of polarization and conductivity in BaTiO3 ferroelectric tunnel junctions
Authors: Li H. F. , Zheng Yue , Chen W. J. , Wang Biao , Zhang G. H.
Published: December 2014

Using density functional theory (DFT) method combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function approach, we systematically investigated the structural, ferroelectric and electronic transport properties of Pt/BaTiO3/Pt ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJ) with the interface atomic layers doped by charge neutral NbTi substitution. It is found that interfacial NbTi substitution will produce several anomalous effects such as the vanishing of ferroelectric critical thickness and the decrease of junction resistance against tunneling current. Consequently, the thickness of the ferroelectric thin film (FTF) in the FTJ can be reduced, and both the electroresistance effect and sensitivity to external bias of the FTJ are enhanced. Our calculations indicate that the enhancements of conductivity and ferroelectric distortion can coexist in FTJs, which should be important for applications of functional electronic devices based on FTJs.
Generation of a Highly Stable Reusable Biocatalyst by Entrapment of an Oligomeric Enzyme in Ultra-Large-Pore Mesoporous Silica
Authors: MacDonald Christopher B. J. , Tobin Matthew F. , Morrison Anna E. , Tait Mary E. , D'Cunha Godwin B. , MacQuarrie Stephanie L.
Published: December 2014

Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL, E.C.4.3.1.24), was entrapped in ultra-large-pore mesoporous silica (ULPS, 23 nm pore diameter) generating a recyclable, separable biocatalyst. The entrapped ULPS-PAL materials showed excellent stabilization, even after significant exposure to prolonged heating. Additionally, the entrapped ULPS-PAL materials showed extremely high catalytic activity in the deamination of l-phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid in aqueous solution and were recovered and recycled up to five times without any observable loss in activity. This approach is simple and capitalizes on the facile synthesis and easy recoverability of mesoporous silicas to generate a stable, reusable PAL-based biocatalyst.
Terpene synthases are widely distributed in bacteria
Authors: Yamada Yuuki , Kuzuyama Tomohisa , Komatsu Mamoru , Shin-ya Kazuo , Omura Satoshi , Cane David E. , Ikeda Haruo
Published: December 2014

Significance

Terpenes are generally considered to be plant or fungal metabolites, although a small number of odoriferous terpenes of bacterial origin have been known for many years. Recently, extensive bacterial genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis of deduced bacterial proteins using a profile based on a hidden Markov model have revealed 262 distinct predicted terpene synthases. Although many of these presumptive terpene synthase genes seem to be silent in their parent microorganisms, controlled expression of these genes in an engineered heterologous
Streptomyces
host has made it possible to identify the biochemical function of the encoded terpene synthases. Genes encoding such terpene synthases have been shown to be widely distributed in bacteria and represent a fertile source for discovery of new natural products.
The adjective of quantityduo‘many/much’ and differential comparatives in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Lin Jo-wang
Published: December 2014

This article discusses differential comparatives involving the adjective of quantityduo‘many/much’ in Mandarin Chinese. We show that the obligatory construal of a post-adjectivalduo-phrase as a differential phrase rather than a degree modifier is due to the interaction of four factors: (i) gradable adjectives denote measure functions rather than relations between degrees and individuals, (ii) post-adjectivalduo-phrases are generalized quantifiers over degrees, (iii) the null positive degree morpheme is an independent functional head that takes AP as its complement and (iv) the null differential comparative morpheme is an affixal element adjoined to the adjective. In addition, this article also shows that the quantificational/attributive, predicative and differentialduocan all be unified under the same semantics by analyzingduoas a function from degrees to sets of degrees, thus lending support to Solt’s (2014) analysis of adjectives of quantity.
Left periphery and Chinese yes-no questions
Authors: Huang Rui-heng Ray
Published: December 2014

Assuming the cartographic approach (Rizzi 1997, 2004; Cinque 1999), this study attempts to map four Chinese yes-no question markers onto the left periphery, includingke/shifou/A-not-A in Mandarin Chinese andkamin Taiwan Southern Min. It is found that while these four markers all represent yes-no questions, they are not exactly alike on syntactic grounds. The syntactic behavior ofkeis particularly different in that it is not able to lead an embedded null-subject question whereaskam/shifou/A-not-A are able to. Also,kein its own right cannot license the focus interpretation of its following NP or clause whereaskam/shifou/A-not-A (MEpi-not-MEpi) can. Given these differences, this study proposes a topography and attributes them to different projections of the question markers in the fine structure of split CPs, wherekeis merged in Fin0 and raised to Int0 in LF, whilekam/shifou/A-not-A(MEpi-not-MEpi) are merged in SpecFocP and raised to SpecIntP in LF. VP-not-VP forms, however, are not base-generated in CP, but within TP/IP. They are subsequently forced to raise to SpecIntP in LF to check the feature [+Q].
The pragmatics of existential-presentative constructions in Chinese
Authors: Li Wendan
Published: December 2014

This study examines the pragmatic and discourse properties of Chinese existential-presentative constructions in written narrative discourse. It demonstrates how the constructions are used in real communicative context. Two sub-types are distinguished: existential constructions and presentative constructions, which differ in verb types, situation types, pragmatic functions, and topic chain patterns they contribute to in discourse organization. Existential constructions designate stative situations; they are topic-comment in nature. In narrative discourse, they actively participate in various types of background descriptions. Presentative constructions introduce new entities into discourse; they designate bounded dynamic events. Some presentative sentences play a foregrounding role by introducing thematically important participants into discourse.
Diachronic extension of Linguistic Inventory Mightiness
Authors: Shi Wenlei
Published: December 2014

It is widely believed that the order of morphosyntactic elements in Modern Chinese is to a large extent constrained by the Principle of Temporal Sequence (PTS) proposed by Tai (1985, 2002, 2007). However, there are indeed some constructions in this language apparently deviating from PTS, e.g. 蹲到dūn-dào‘squat-to; go to squat’, with the two elements reverse-chronological. In the present paper I provide instead a new diachronic perspective, in the framework of Linguistic Inventory Mightiness (LIM) developed recently by Liu (2011, 2012), to account for constructions of this kind. I argue that it is the diachronic extension of the directional resultative-verb-compound (DRVC) pattern, since it shows the property of LIM that motivates the emergence of reverse-chronological constructions. It is argued that the LIM approach can also explain other related diachronic changes in the history of Chinese, e.g. 摸进mō-jìn‘touch-enter; enter accompanied by action of touching’, with the first verb being an static action verb originally but now having a manner-of-motion meaning in the construction, as well as the constructions of 回到huí-dào‘return-to’ and 进来jìn-lái‘enter-come’ which do not exist before Pre-Modern Chinese but emerge to be in use thereafter. The approach proposed in the present paper favors a two-fold standpoint, i.e. the organization of linguistic structure on the one hand follows cognitive principles, but on the other impact and constrain related conceptual organization in discourse as well.
Anxiety, insecurity, and border crossing
Authors: Hiramoto Mie , Park Joseph Sung-Yul
Published: December 2014

The modern conception of the self is grounded in stability and identity. Under this perspective, anxiety and insecurity of the border are only characteristic of peripheral communities. However, anxiety and insecurity are much more fundamental to linguistic life; heterogeneity of linguistic practice and our constant movement across communities, positions, categories, and identities mean that uncertainty and indeterminacy are just as salient in the way we use language. This special issue builds upon this insight to explore the subjectivities of border crossing in contexts of language contact under globalization. By bringing together studies that explore cases of language and cultural contact across the Asia-Pacific region from the perspective of anxiety and insecurity, it aims to highlight the importance of considering subjectivity in our analysis of language in globalization, and considers the new insights we may gain through an emphasis on the subjective dimensions of contact situations. Together, the contributions to the special issue identify three key issues for further research on the sociolinguistics of globalization: (1) the role of language ideologies in mediating experiences of transnationalism, (2) consequences of globally circulated semiotic resources on local articulations of subjectivities, and (3) the impact of neoliberal projects of social transformation upon our sense of self.
Dominique Bergmann: Passionate about plant polarity
Authors: Powell Kendall
Published: December 2014

Bergmann studies stomatal development to discover how plant cells parse polarity and fate.
Asymptotic values of some continuous mappings
Authors: Cantón A. , Qu J.
Published: December 2014

It is shown that the set of asymptotic values of a light continuous mapping defined on

R

s

\mathbb R^s

is an analytic set in the sense of Suslin.
Mediatization of Public Bureaucracies: Administrative versus Political Loyalty
Authors: Thorbjørnsrud Kjersti
Published: December 2014

This article analyzes the influence of the media on the centralNorwegian immigration administration. Through behind‐the‐scenes ethnographic methods, it explores how key bureaucratic values such as impartiality, neutrality and loyalty are challenged and modified by the impact of the news media. A key question is to what extent this process of mediatization overlaps with a more general trend of politicization of the civil service. The article first documents that media pressure generates comprehensive strategies aimed at servicing the press, but also different types of information control and internal steering. Second, it describes how media management has become an important concern within public administration, which identifies strongly with the bureaucratic system and its values, and protects and defends it in the media. The article introduces the term ‘administrative loyalty’ to describe these practices and standards that go beyond the imperative to loyally serve the media‐related needs of political superiors.
Digitization and Materiality: Researching Community Memory Practice Today
Authors: MacDonald Richard L. , Couldry Nick , Dickens Luke
Published: December 2014

Among the most deep-seated anxieties of the Internet age is the fear of technologically produced forgetting. Technology critics and sociologists of memory alike argue that daily exposure to overwhelming flows of information is undermining our ability to connect and synthesize past and present. Acknowledging the salience of these concerns our approach seeks to understand the contemporary conditions of collective memory practice in relation to processes of digitization. We do so by developing an analysis of how digital technologies (image and audio capture, storage, editing, reproduction, distribution and exhibition) have become embedded in wider memory practices of storytelling and commemoration in a community setting: the Salford Lads Club, an organization in the north of England in continuous operation since 1903. The diverse memory practices prompted by the 100th anniversary of the Club's annual camp provide a context in which to explore the transformations of access, interpretation and use, that occur when the archives of civic organizations are digitized. Returning to Halbwachs' (1992) seminal insight that all collective memory requires a material social framework, we argue, contrary to prevailing characterizations of digitization, that under specific conditions, digital resources facilitate new forms of materialization that contribute to sustaining a civic organization's intergenerational continuity.
Changes in the Profile of Volatiles of Canned Coconut Milk during Storage
Authors: Tinchan Patcharaporn , Lorjaroenphon Yaowapa , Cadwallader Keith R. , Chaiseri Siree
Published: December 2014

The alteration of the profile of volatiles of canned coconut milk was monitored during storage at ambient temperature. Canned coconut milk was thermally processed (121 °C for 5 min), and then stored at ambient temperature (32 to 35 °C) for 6 mo. Volatile compounds were assessed monthly using direct solvent extraction (diethyl ether), followed by high‐vacuum distillation and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis. Six groups of compounds consisting of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, lactones, and others were identified. Two stages of major changes in profile of volatiles were observed. The 1st occurred after 2 mo as indicated by a high abundance of alcohols, acids, and lactones. The 2nd was observed after 5 mo and corresponded to a large increase in lactones, short‐chain free fatty acids, 3‐methyl‐2(5H)‐furanone, and phenol. Acetic and butyric acids observed after 5 mo could contribute to the potential of off‐odor development in the product as indicated by their high odor activity values. Lactones increased approximately 10‐fold. Identification of 3‐methyl‐2(5H)‐furanone indicated that Maillard reaction had occurred in conjunction with the development of a coconut, toffee‐like, and caramel odor.
Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for medically inoperable patients with clinical stage I non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Baodong , Liu Lei , Hu Mu , Qian Kun , Li Yuanbo
Published: December 2014

Background

A retrospective evaluation of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in medically inoperable patients with clinical stage I non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

Between 2008 and 2014, 29 medically inoperable patients with clinical stage I NSCLC underwent percutaneous RFA. We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness.

Results

There were 18 men and 11 women with a median age of 78.0 years (range 56–85), mean 76.0 years. No procedure‐related deaths occurred in any of the 33 ablation procedures. The mean follow‐up was 25 months. The incidence of local tumor progression was 21.0% at 25 months of median time to progression after the initial RFA. The mean overall survival (OS) was 57 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 44–70 months). The mean cancer‐specific survival CSS was 63 months (95% CI 50–75 months). OS was 90.5% ± 6.4% at one year, 76.4% ± 10.7% at two, and 65.5% ± 13.6% at three years. CSS was 95.2% ± 4.6% at one, 86.6% ± 9.3% at two, and 74.2% ± 13.9% at three years in all patients. The survival for stage IA and IB cancers were 87.5% and 92.3% at one, 87.5% and 73.4% at two, and 87.5% and 58.7% at three years, respectively. Survival rates were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.596), with mean survival times of 65 (95% CI: 51–79 months) and 55 months (95% CI: 38–71 months), respectively.

Conclusion

Percutaneous RFA is a safe, feasible, and effective procedure in medically inoperable clinical stage I NSCLC patients.
Promoting engagement in online courses: What strategies can we learn from three highly rated MOOCS
Authors: Hew Khe Foon
Published: December 2014

Although past research has sought to identify the factors of student engagement in traditional online courses, two questions remained largely unanswered with regard to Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs): do the factors that could influence student engagement in traditional online courses also apply to online courses that are massive and open? What factors do students consider important in terms of their perceived ability to promote a satisfying or engaging online learning experience? This paper reports a case study of three top‐rated MOOCs in the disciplines of programming languages, literature, and arts & design in order to address these very questions. Using a mixed methods approach that combines participant observation with analysis of reflection data from 965 course participants, this paper seeks to understand the factors behind the popularity of these MOOCs. Five factors were found. These include the following, ranked in terms of importance: (1) problem‐centric learning with clear expositions, (2) instructor accessibility and passion, (3) active learning, (4) peer interaction, and (5) using helpful course resources. The specific design strategies pertaining to each factor are further discussed in this paper. These strategies can provide useful guidance for instructors and are a worthwhile subject for further experimental validation.
How was the activity? A visualization support for a case of location‐based learning design
Authors: Melero Javier , Hernández‐Leo Davinia , Sun Jing , Santos Patricia , Blat Josep
Published: December 2014

Over the last few years, the use of mobile technologies has brought the formulation of location‐based learning approaches shaping new or enhanced educational activities. Involving teachers in the design of these activities is important because the designs need to be aligned with the requirements of the specific educational settings. Yet analysing the implementation of the activities with students is also critical, not only for assessment purposes but also for enabling the identification of learning design elements that should be revised and improved. This paper studies a case that applies visualizations to support students' self‐assessment and teachers' inquiry of a mobile learning design. The design is a gamified location‐based learning activity composed by geolocated questions and implemented with the “QuesTInSitu: The Game” mobile application. The activity was designed by seven teachers and enacted by 81 secondary education students organized in a total of 23 groups. Log files, gathered from “QuesTInSitu: The Game,” provided the data for the visualizations, which represented relevant aspects of the group activity enactment (both time used to answer questions and to reach the geographical zone of the questions, scores obtained per zone, etc). On the one hand, the visualizations were discussed with the teachers as a learning analytics tool potentially useful to consider when redesigning the activity, if needed. On the other hand, the study shows that the visualizations led students to make a better diagnosis of their own activity performance.