bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVENÇÃO DE LESÃO DE MANGUITO ROTADOR EM ATLETAS DE POLO AQUÁTICO
Authors: Maciel Carla Andrea Xavier dos Santos Iaia , Lima Ronaldo Nunes
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar a prevenção de lesões no manguito rotador em atletas de polo aquático, uma modalidade esportiva que exige movimentos repetitivos e intensos, especialmente na articulação do ombro. Por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura e a análise de dados coletados em questionários aplicados a atletas de polo aquático, o estudo identificou os principais fatores que contribuem para a alta incidência de lesões nesta área, como o uso excessivo da articulação durante arremessos, a falta de base estável durante o movimento e a ausência de programas preventivos adequados. O fortalecimento dos músculos estabilizadores da articulação glenoumeral mostrou-se uma estratégia eficaz para reduzir a ocorrência de lesões. Além disso, a implementação de programas de prevenção focados na mobilidade e na resistência muscular dos atletas pode melhorar significativamente o desempenho e minimizar o risco de afastamentos devido a lesões. Conclui-se que a intervenção fisioterapêutica adequada é essencial para garantir a longevidade dos atletas e a promoção do bem-estar a longo prazo.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM A MULHERES COM SÍNDROME HIPERTENSIVA ESPECÍFICA DA GESTAÇÃO
Authors: Alves Maíla GAbriel , Medeiros Renata Lívia Silva Fônseca Moreira de , Silva Macerlane de Lira , Santos Josefa Taynara Gomes dos , Souza Maria Andrea Pereira de
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A síndrome hipertensiva específica da gestação (SHEG) , é caracterizada pelo aumento da pressão arterial >= 140x90mmHg a partir da vigésima semana de gravidez podendo se estender até o puerpério. Tal síndrome pode ser classificada como hipertensão arterial crônica, hipertensão na gestação, pré-eclâmpsia, pré-eclâmpsia sobreposta a hipertensão crônica, eclampsia e síndrome de hellp. Dessa maneira, é de suma relevância permitir o acesso ao cuidado humanizado e qualificado para que a gestante tenha uma melhor assistência exclusiva por parte dos profissionais. Objetivos: Analisar a assistência de enfermagem a mulheres com síndrome hipertensiva específica da gestação. Aspectos Metodológicos: A pesquisa qualitativa teve caráter exploratório, realizada por meio de uma revisão integrativa. As buscas pelos artigos ocorreram na biblioteca virtual de saúde (BVS), a partir das seleções de descritores cadastrados no DECS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde), utilizando-se os operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”. As bases de dados on-line utilizadas foram: LILACS, BDENF e MEDLINE. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos completos disponíveis na íntegra, indexados nas bases de dados, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, com recorte temporal dos últimos cinco anos (2019 a 2024). Dentre os critérios de exclusão, estiveram teses, dissertações, reportagens, resumos, monografias e artigos que não se adequaram ao tema. Resultados esperados: A assistência de enfermagem desempenha um papel crucial no cuidado de gestantes com Síndrome Hipertensiva Específica da Gestação (SHEG), desde o pré-natal até o acompanhamento hospitalar. No ambiente intra-hospitalar, a enfermagem monitora a curva pressórica, a frequência cardíaca fetal e possíveis complicações, permitindo intervenções precoces e administração de anti-hipertensivos. O enfermeiro utiliza a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) para identificar riscos e planejar cuidados individualizados, especialmente em casos de síndrome HELLP. A monitorização contínua de parâmetros vitais, incluindo pressão arterial e edemas, é essencial para prevenir complicações graves como a eclampsia. O sulfato de magnésio é recomendado para controle de pré-eclâmpsia, e o enfermeiro tem um papel importante na estabilização imediata da paciente em unidades de alta complexidade. Conclusão: A enfermagem desempenha um papel vital no cuidado de gestantes com Síndrome Hipertensiva Específica da Gestação (SHEG), utilizando monitorização contínua e intervenções precoces. A Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) possibilita um atendimento individualizado, essencial para reduzir complicações e melhorar os resultados para mães e bebês.
O RISCO DA AUTOMEDICAÇÃO DE ANALGÉSICOS E ANTI-INFLAMATÓRIOS NO PACIENTE IDOSO
Authors: Rangel Renato de Almeida , Baiense Alex Sandro Rodrigues , Guimaraes Leonardo
Published: November 2024

A automedicação, especialmente com analgésicos e anti-inflamatórios, é uma prática comum entre idosos, que muitas vezes utilizam esses medicamentos para aliviar dores e desconfortos. No entanto, essa prática pode acarretar riscos significativos, como interações medicamentosas, efeitos colaterais adversos e agravamento de condições pré-existentes. É essencial que os profissionais de saúde promovam a educação e a conscientização sobre o uso seguro de medicamentos, levando em conta as particularidades fisiológicas dos idosos e o uso frequente de múltiplos medicamentos nessa população. Uma abordagem cuidadosa e orientação adequada são fundamentais para garantir a saúde e o bem-estar dos idosos, prevenindo complicações relacionadas à automedicação.
MONETIZAÇÃO DE DADOS PESSOAIS: O DIREITO A IMAGEM E O DIREITO A REPARAÇÃO EM CASO DE VIOLAÇÃO
Authors: Barros Thaís Fagundes , Santos Valdivino Passos
Published: November 2024

O presente estudo aborda a monetização dos dados pessoais e a possibilidade de lesão ao direito de imagem e de percepção de valores sobre a monetização desses dados, observando os impactos na Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais e na Constituição Federal de 1988. Tem-se como objetivo, analisar o direito à imagem e o direito de percepção de valores decorrentes da monetização de dados perante os parâmetros previstos na Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais. Já quanto a metodologia, o método é dedutivo, com técnica de coleta de dados bibliográfica, documental e exploratória, em conteúdos já disponibilizados por outros pesquisadores. Quanto aos resultados alcançados, o Superior Tribunal de Justiça, estipula que o dever de indenizar deve ser reforçado pelas provas apresentadas em juízo. Além disso, segundo o entendimento da corte, o vazamento de dados por si só não é fator predominante para caracterização do dano moral presumido. A conclusão do estudo é que o agente causador do dano, que prejudique à imagem, à privacidade ou o direito de personalidade de outrem, através da disponibilização indevida de dados pessoais para terceiros, sem a autorização do titular dos dados poderá ser responsabilizado civilmente, administrativamente e na esfera penal.
ABORDAGENS FISIOTERAPÊUTICAS NA RECUPERAÇÃO PÓS-CIRÚRGICA DO LIGAMENTO CRUZADO ANTERIOR EM ATLETAS DE FUTEBOL: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Barbosa Luís Miguel do Nascimento , Alencar Neto Carlos Rodrigues de , Jesus Eduardo Damasceno de , Lima Jefferson Raimundo de Almeida
Published: November 2024

A reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA) é uma das cirurgias mais comuns em atletas, especialmente em modalidades esportivas que exigem mudanças rápidas de direção, como o futebol. Este estudo busca revisar as abordagens fisioterapêuticas utilizadas na reabilitação pós-operatória do LCA, focando nas melhores práticas e na eficácia dessas intervenções na recuperação de atletas. A revisão integrativa analisou diversos estudos, destacando a importância da personalização dos protocolos de tratamento, que devem considerar as características individuais de cada atleta como nível de competição e a gravidade da lesão. A cinesioterapia é identificada como a abordagem mais comum, sendo essencial para a recuperação da amplitude de movimento, força e funcionalidade do joelho. Além disso, a eletroestimulação surge como uma técnica complementar, especialmente nas fases iniciais da reabilitação, prevenindo a atrofia muscular. A avaliação funcional contínua é destacada como um componente crítico, permitindo ajustes nos protocolos conforme a evolução do atleta. A colaboração entre profissionais de diferentes áreas, como fisioterapeutas, médicos e treinadores, é essencial para uma abordagem multidisciplinar que potencializa os resultados da reabilitação. A pesquisa contínua na área é necessária para aprimorar as práticas fisioterapêuticas, contribuindo para que os atletas retornem ao esporte de forma segura e eficiente.
Correcting for water vapor diffusion in air bag samples for isotope composition analysis: cases studies with drone-collected samples
Authors: Wang Di , Risi Camille , Tian Lide , Yang Di , Bowen Gabriel , Fan Siteng , Su Yang , Pang Hongxi , Li Laurent
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Traditional methodologies, such as mass spectrometry and laser spectroscopy, have been widely employed for precise water vapor isotope measurements. Nevertheless, these techniques are limited by logistical challenges in fieldwork, consequently constraining the temporal and spatial resolution of measurements. Specifically, water vapor isotope measurements are primarily limited to near-surface levels, while measurements associated with processes aloft connecting tropospheric water vapor to surface precipitation are notably scarce. Portable sampling devices, such as air bags and glass bottles, have therefore become necessary alternatives for collecting, storing, and transporting gaseous samples in diverse environments prior to analysis with less portable instruments. In drone-based high-altitude vapor sampling, air bags are preferred for their lighter weight and greater flexibility compared to glass bottles. Nevertheless, they present specific challenges, such as potential sample contamination and isotopic fractionation during storage, primarily due to the inherent permeability of air bags. Here, we developed a theoretical model for water vapor diffusion through the sampling bag surface, with parameters calibrated through laboratory experiments. This model enables the reconstruction of the initial isotopic composition of sampled vapor based on measurements obtained within the bag and from the surrounding environment. We applied this correction method to air samples collected at various pressures up to the upper troposphere using an air bag-mounted drone that we developed, thereby estimating the initial isotopic composition and uncertainty based on our observations. The corrected observations closely match the IASI satellite data. Our correction method significantly enhances the reliability and applicability of water vapor isotope observations conducted using drones equipped with air bags. This approach leverages the strengths of drone-based air bag sampling while mitigating its limitations, thus facilitating the convenient collection of isotopic data throughout the troposphere.
Measurement report: Can Zenith Wet Delay from GNSS "see" atmospheric turbulence? Insights from case studies across diverse climate zones
Authors: Kermarrec Gael , Calbet Xavier , Deng Zhiguo , Carbajal Henken Cintia
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) microwave signals are almost unaffected by clouds but are delayed as they travel the troposphere. The hydrostatic delay accounts for approximately 90 % of the total delay and can be well modeled as a function of temperature, pressure, and humidity. On the other hand, the wet delay is highly variable with space and time, making it difficult to model accurately. A zenith wet delay (ZWD) can be estimated as part of the GNSS positioning adjustment and is proportional to the specific humidity in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Whereas its average term can describe mesoscale events, its small-scale component is associated with turbulent processes in the ABL and the focus of the present contribution. We introduce a new filtering and estimation strategy to analyze small-scale ZWD variations, addressing questions on daily or periodic variations of some turbulent parameters, and the dependence of these parameters on climate zones. Five GNSS stations were selected for case studies, revealing promising specific daily and seasonal patterns depending on the estimated turbulence at the GNSS station (buoyancy or shear). This research lays the groundwork for more accurate models and prediction strategies for integrated WV turbulence. It has far-reaching applications, from nowcasting uncertainty assessments to the stochastic modeling for Very Large Baseline Interferometry or GNSS.
Monitoring of total and off-road NOx emissions from Canadian oil sands surface mining using the Ozone Monitoring Instrument
Authors: McLinden Chris , Griffin Debora , Fioletov Vitali , Zhang Junhua , Dammers Enrico , Adams Cristen , Loria Mallory , Krotkov Nicolay , Lamsal Lok
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The oil sands in Alberta, Canada is a significant source of air pollution. Observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the NASA Aura satellite have been used to quantify NOx emissions from the surface mining region of the oil sands. Two related emissions methods were utilized, one for point and one for area sources, where OMI vertical columns densities of NO2 were combined with winds from a meteorological reanalysis and a two-dimensional exponentially-modified Gaussian (EMG) plume model. This work better connects the two (point and area) emissions methods, discusses the interpretation of fit parameters, and the ability of OMI (and other sensors) to resolve emissions between neighbouring sources. The two methods employed, in good agreement with each other, indicated an increase in emissions from about 55 to 80 kt[NO2]/yr between 2005–2011, and flat thereafter. Reported emissions were typically 0–15 % smaller, consistent to within uncertainties. In an extension of this methodology, OMI observations were combined with reported point source emissions to derive the more uncertain emissions component from the large off-road mining fleet. These were found to make up about 60 % of total NOx emissions, also consistent with reported emissions. The OMI-derived 1.3 %/year increase in fleet emissions and the 5.9 %/year increase in bitumen mined, generally a good proxy for fleet emissions, can be reconciled by considering the evolution of the mine fleet over this period. OMI is therefore able to track the transition from US EPA Tier 1 standards, through Tier 4 standards, to the present, and in so doing demonstrates the efficacy of this policy. Furthermore, this analysis shows that had the fleet remained at Tier 1 this source would currently be emitting an additional 25 kt/yr.
Fungi present distinguishable isotopic signals when grown on glycolytic versus tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates
Authors: Jabinski Stanislav , Kučera Vítězslav , Kopáček Marek , Jansa Jan , Meador Travis B.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Microbial activity in soils controls both the size and turnover rates of large carbon (C) inventories stored in the subsurface, having important consequences for the partitioning of C between terrestrial and atmospheric reservoirs as well as the recycling of mineral nutrients such as nitrogen or phosphorus, often bound to the C, that support plant growth. Fungi are major decomposers of soil organic matter (SOM); however, uncertainty in the predominant C substrates that fuel respiration confound models of fungal production and SOM turnover. To further define the signals of microbial heterotrophic activity, we applied a dual hydrogen (H) and C stable isotope probing (SIP) approach on pure fungal cultures representing the phyla Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Zygomycetes growing on monomeric (glucose, succinate) or complex substrates (tannic acid, β-cyclodextrin). Our findings demonstrate that the investigated species incorporated only minor amounts of inorganic C (provided as bicarbonate) into their membrane lipids, amounting to < 3 % of lipid-C, with no consistent patterns observed between species or growth substrates. The net incorporation of water-derived H (i.e., αW) into lipids also did not differ significantly between incubations with monomeric versus complex substrates; however, growth on succinate solicited significantly higher αW values than glucose or β-cyclodextrin. This finding suggests that 2H-SIP assays have the potential to distinguish between microbial communities supported predominantly by substrates that are catabolized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle versus glycolytic pathway. Furthermore, the average αW value of heterotrophic fungal incubations [0.69 ± 0.03 (SEM)] is consistent with that observed for bacterial heterotrophs, and may be applied for upscaling lipid-based estimates of fungal production in environmental assays.
Development of A Land-River-Ocean Coupled Model for Compound Floods Jointly Caused by Heavy Rainfalls and Storm Surges in Large River Delta Regions
Authors: Zhang Anyifang , Yu Xiping
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Simultaneous or sequential occurrence of different flood processes, including extreme storm surges and heavy precipitation, tends to trigger compound floods, which are often destructive to life and property. However, numerical models that fully represent the effect of various flood processes and their interactions have not yet been firmly established. In this study, a coupled land-river-ocean model is developed that considers storm surge, storm wave, astronomical tide, river flow, and precipitation. The coupled model is applied to the simulation of compound floods induced by tropical cyclones in the Pearl River Delta. The numerical results are shown to agree well with observations on river flow, ocean surface elevation, and inundation area. An attribution analysis implies that contributions from land, river, and ocean processes are usually all important in a compound flooding event. The completeness of the coupling method significantly affects the numerical accuracy.
Adjustments to an abrupt solar forcing in the CMIP6 abrupt-solm4p experiment
Authors: Lange Charlotte , Quaas Johannes
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The concept of "radiative" or "rapid" adjustments refers to the response of the climate system to an instantaneous radiative forcing, independent of surface temperature changes. These adjustments can occur over time scales from hours (e.g. aerosol-cloud-interactions) to months (e.g. stratospheric temperature changes) or even longer, making it challenging to distinguish adjustments from feedbacks over longer time scales. Despite variations in definitions, understanding these processes is essential for advancing climate modeling. Strong volcanic eruptions, which produce scattering aerosol layers in the stratosphere, offer natural experiments to study short-term adjustments. However, the gradual spread of aerosols over the globe over months complicates analysis, requiring more controlled experiments. The abrupt-solm4p experiment within the Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) as part of the 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) simulates an instantaneous 4 % reduction in the solar constant, starting from a pre-industrial run on 1 January 1850. This study analyzed changes in climate variables, cloud properties, and radiative fluxes over different time scales (hours, days, months and up to 150 years) to understand adjustment processes. Four models were evaluated, showing initial rapid cooling, particularly over Antarctica and the southern hemisphere, slowing down the polar night jet, disrupting the polar vortex and increasing Arctic cloud cover. During the first month, the troposphere cools down faster than the ocean surface, decreasing vertical stability and increasing cloud cover over ocean, while the opposite effect happens in the tropics over land. This in turn affects land-sea-circulation. On longer time scales we find robust changes of cloudiness.
Validating laboratory insights into the drivers of soil rewetting respiration pulses with field measurements
Authors: Li Xiankun , Pallandt Marleen , Naidu Dilip , Rousk Johannes , Hugelius Gustaf , Manzoni Stefano
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Improved understanding of the mechanisms driving heterotrophic CO2 emissions after rewetting of a dry soil may improve projections of future soil carbon fate. While drying and rewetting (DRW) under laboratory conditions has demonstrated that heterotrophic CO2 emissions depend on DRW features and soil and environmental conditions, these laboratory insights have not been validated in field conditions. To this aim, we collated mean respiration rates over 48 hours after rewetting from two data sources: 37 laboratory studies reporting data for more than three DRW cycles (laboratory respiration, LR), and six field datasets recording hourly heterotrophic respiration and soil moisture (field respiration, FR). LR and FR were explained by six predictors using random forest algorithms and partial dependence plots. Results indicated that the most important driver of LR and FR were SOC and temperature, respectively. Both LR and FR increased with increasing SOC and temperature. LR increased with soil dryness before rewetting, but this trend was less clear in FR. LR decreased with soil moisture increments at rewetting, while FR increased with soil moisture increments. LR was higher in soils from humid climates than from arid climates, but this effect was not observed in FR. We concluded that laboratory insights could be partly validated with current datasets. Caution should be taken when extending laboratory insights to predicting fluxes in ecosystem.
A 45-year hydrological and planktonic time series in the South Bight of the North Sea
Authors: Devreker David , Wacquet Guillaume , Lefebvre Alain
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This article presents a 45-year data series (from 1978 to 2023) acquired under the IGA (“Impact des Grands Aménagements” in French; Impacts of Major Developments) program, conducted by Ifremer for EDF (Électricité de France, the French multinational electricity utility company). The IGA program was established to monitor the ecological and environmental quality of the coastal area surrounding the Gravelines Nuclear Power Plant (NPP), located in the southern bight of the North Sea. The main objective of this program is to assess medium- and long-term environmental evolution by providing means to identify possible changes in the local marine habitats. Since 1978, the IGA program has measured key parameters, including temperature, salinity, nutrient concentrations, oxygen levels, chlorophyll-a concentrations, as well as the abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton species. These measurements have been taken at different sampling stations around the NPP, including the “Canal d’amenée” sampling station, for which hydrological and biological characteristics are considered as representative of broader coastal area of the southern bight of the North Sea. This data paper provides an overview of the main statistical characteristics of the time series, including long-term trends and shifts analysis. Despite the importance and length of this dataset, one of the longest available for this region, its application in advancing knowledge of hydrological and biological processes has been surprisingly limited. The aim of this paper is to make this valuable dataset available to the scientific community, stakeholders, and society to help decipher the local and global influence of anthropogenic activities in a world increasingly affected by climate change. Since all the main statistics and patterns are still available thanks to our analysis, the user should be able to use this data and combine it with other sources (in situ, satellite, modelling), in order to dive into deeper analyses, and to investigate new key scientific challenges as well as more specific ones.
Electrical resistivity imaging data for hydrological and soil investigations of virgin Rospuda river peatland (North-East Poland)
Authors: Sinicyn Grzegorz , Mieszkowski Radosław , Kaczmarek Łukasz , Mieszkowski Stanisław , Bednarz Bartosz , Kochanek Krzysztof , Grygoruk Mateusz , Grodzka-Łukaszewska Maria
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This publication presents data on geophysical measurements performed in the Rospuda wetlands located in North-Eastern Poland. The measurements were carried out by means of the the Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) method, which so far was to our best knowledge never used in the River Rospuda wetland valley. The ERI data were collected in single survey campaign in November 2022 to account for the wet season. During the campaign two ERI profiles were measured. The aim of the field works was to provide the material for illustration of the arrangement of geological layers creating the wetland. The data repository contains detailed data descriptions for each survey site. The ERI data from the selected survey sites can be used first of all to create the conceptual numerical model of groundwater and surface water interaction in this environmentally valuable area, which is to a certain extent a scientific terra incognita, but also for hydrological investigation of hydraulic conductivity and hydrodynamic field, identify geological structure, and characterize engineering properties of the organic soils.
A New Reduction Model for Enhancing the Interpolation Accuracy of VMF1/VMF3 Tropospheric Products in GNSS Applications
Authors: Sun Peng , Zhang Kefei , Zhu Dantong , Zhao Dongsheng , Shi Shuangshuang , Liu Xuexi , Zhang Minghao , Wu Suqin
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Grid-wise Vienna Mapping Functions 1 (VMF1) and Vienna Mapping Functions 3 (VMF3) tropospheric products have been widely used to interpolate the a priori zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD) and zenith wet delay (ZWD) over the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) stations for the mitigation of tropospheric delays inherited in GNSS observations. Since the two products only provide ground surface ZHD and ZWD for global grid points, the ZHD and ZWD of the four grid points nearest to the GNSS site need to be reduced to the same height of the GNSS site before a horizontal interpolation (e.g., bilinear interpolation or inverse-distance weighted interpolation) is implemented. However, the accuracy of the officially recommended simple reduction model may not be as good as desired if the height of a GNSS site largely differs from that of the four ground surface grid points to be used in the interpolation. In this contribution, a new reduction model for each grid point is developed for reducing the grid-wise ZHD and ZWD to the target height to improve the interpolation performance. The sample data for the modelling were the 10-year (2010–2019) ZHD and ZWD profiles over the grid points obtained from ERA5 monthly-mean reanalysis data, while 3-year (2020–2022) ERA5 hourly reanalysis and IGS (International GNSS Service) site-wise ZTD products were used to evaluate the new model. Test results showed that the accuracy of the ZHD, ZWD (as well as the ZTD) interpolated from the VMF1/VMF3 products deduced by the new model was significantly better than the ones deduced by traditional methods, especially for sites with substantial height disparities from adjacent VMF grid points. It is expected that the new model adds good value to related fields such as GNSS positioning and GNSS meteorology for better performance.
Identification of Aquatic Habitats of Anopheles Mosquito Using Time-series Analysis of Sentinel-1 data through Google Earth Engine
Authors: Rezvan Hassan , Valadan Zoej Mohammad Javad , Hassanpour Gholamreza , Youssefi Fahimeh , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Malaria, a severe disease transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, presents a substantial public health concern. Since Anopheles mosquitoes thrive in water-rich environments, accurately mapping surface water is essential for assessing malaria risk and managing mosquito populations. This study seeks to identify areas prone to water accumulation, which create habitats conducive to mosquito breeding. Initially, high-risk months were extracted using precipitation and temperature data. Subsequently, the Sentinel-1 Water Index (SWI) was utilized to analyse seven years of monthly Sentinel-1 time-series images via Google Earth Engine (GEE). To enhance our findings, we integrated monthly surface-water maps using a weighted majority voting strategy. Validation efforts included collecting 520 samples, half of which were water bodies identified through field observations and Google Earth Pro, with masks generated using the Segment Anything Model (SAM) algorithm. Object-based evaluation was employed, treating each water body as a distinct entity. The results revealed an overall accuracy of 96.1% and a kappa coefficient of 92.2% in water body detection, underscoring the method's effectiveness. This method, which outperformed other approaches in the domain and machine learning classifiers, is straightforward to implement, rapid, and does not require training data. Furthermore, while field monitoring may be challenging, the findings of this study could aid health authorities in identifying high-risk areas for disease control and prevention efforts.
Contribution of blowing-snow sublimation to the surface mass balance of Antarctica
Authors: Gadde Srinidhi , van de Berg Willem Jan
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Blowing-snow sublimation is a key boundary layer process in polar regions and is the major ablation term in the surface mass balance (SMB) of the Antarctic ice sheet. This study updates the blowing-snow model in the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO), version 2.3p3, incorporating blowing-snow sublimation into the prognostic equations for temperature and water vapour. These updates address numerical artefacts in the previous model version by replacing the uniformly discretised ice particle radius distribution, which limited the maximum ice particle radius to ≤ 50 µm, with a non-uniform distribution covering radii from 2 to 300 µm without additional computational overhead. The improved model is validated against meteorological observations from site D47 in Adélie Land, East Antarctica. The updates fix the numerical artefacts, successfully predicting the power-law variation in the blowing-snow flux with wind speed while improving the prediction of its magnitude. Additionally, a qualitative comparison with CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) satellite data shows that RACMO accurately forecasts the spatial pattern of monthly blowing-snow frequencies. The model also yields an average blowing-snow layer depth of 230±116 m at D47, matching typical satellite observation values. Results reveal that, without blowing snow, sublimation in Antarctica mainly occurs in summer (October–March), with minimal surface sublimation in winter (April–September). Introducing the blowing-snow model creates an additional sublimation mechanism primarily contributing in winter. From 2000–2012, model-integrated blowing-snow sublimation averaged 175±7 Gt yr−1, a 52 % increase from the previous version. Total sublimation, summing blowing-snow and surface sublimation, reached 234±10 Gt yr−1, 47 % higher than in simulations without the blowing-snow model. This increase leads to a 1.2 % reduction in the Antarctic ice sheet's integrated SMB. Additionally, changes in sublimation in coastal and lower escarpment zones underscore the importance of the model updates for Antarctic climatology.
A simple snow temperature index model exposes discrepancies between reanalysis snow water equivalent products
Authors: Elias Chereque Aleksandra , Kushner Paul J. , Mudryk Lawrence , Derksen Chris , Mortimer Colleen
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Current global reanalyses show marked discrepancies in snow mass and snow cover extent for the Northern Hemisphere. Here, benchmark snow datasets are produced by driving a simple offline snow model, the Brown Temperature Index Model (B-TIM), with temperature and precipitation from three reanalyses. The B-TIM offline snow performs comparably to or better than online (coupled land–atmosphere) reanalysis snow when evaluated against in situ snow measurements. Sources of discrepancy in snow climatologies, which are difficult to isolate when comparing online reanalysis snow products amongst themselves, are partially elucidated by separately bias-adjusting temperature and precipitation in the B-TIM. Interannual variability in snow mass and snow spatial patterns is far more self-consistent amongst offline B-TIM snow products than amongst online reanalysis snow products, and the self-consistent products are more similar to in situ observations, as evaluated in a validation study. Specific artifacts related to temporal inhomogeneity in snow data assimilation are revealed in the analysis. The B-TIM, released here as an open-source, self-contained Python package, provides a simple benchmarking tool for future updates to more sophisticated online and offline snow datasets.
Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning on Endurance Running Performance in the Heat
Authors: Wang Anjie , Hurr Chansol
Published: November 2024

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a strategy that may enhances endurance performance in thermoneutral environments. Exercising in the heat increases thermoregulatory and cardiovascular strain, decreasing endurance performance. The current study aimed to determine whether IPC administration improves endurance performance in the heat. In a randomized crossover design, 12 healthy subjects (V̇O2max: 54.4 ± 8.1 mL·kg-1·min-1) underwent either IPC administration (220 mmHg) or a sham treatment (20 mmHg), then completed a moderate-intensity 6-min running (EX1) and a high-intensity time-to-exhaustion running test (EX2) in a hot environment (35 °C, 50 % RH). Cardiac function, oxygen consumption (V̇O2), and core body temperature (TCORE) were measured. During EX2, IPC administration increased the total running time in the heat compared to the sham treatment (IPC: 416.4 ± 61.9 vs. sham 389.3 ± 40.7 s, P = 0.027). IPC administration also increased stroke volume (IPC: 150.4 ± 17.5 vs. sham: 128.2 ± 11.6 ml, P = 0.008) and cardiac output (IPC: 27.4 ± 1.7 vs. sham: 25.1 ± 2.2 ml min-1, P = 0.007) during 100% isotime of EX2. End-exercise V̇O2 (IPC: 3.72 ± 0.85 vs. sham: 3.54 ± 0.87 L·min-1, P = 0.017) and slow phase amplitude (IPC: 0.57 ± 0.17 vs. sham: 0.72 ± 0.22 L·min-1, P = 0.016) were improved. When compared with the baseline period, an increase in TCORE was less in the IPC condition during EX1 (IPC: 0.18 ± 0.06 vs. sham: 0.22 ± 0.08 °C, P = 0.005) and EX2 (IPC: 0.87 ± 0.10 vs. sham: 1.03 ± 0.10 °C, P < 0.001). IPC improves high-intensity endurance performance in the heat by 6.9 %. This performance benefit could be associated with improved cardiac and thermoregulatory function engendered by IPC administration.
The fight against illegal tobacco products
Authors: Čipka Dominik , Šalková Tereza
Published: November 2024

This paper addresses the pressing issue of combating illicit tobacco products, emphasising the legal frameworks at both the national and European levels. It explores the roles and activities of various authorities dedicated to preventing illegal tobacco trade, including the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) and the Criminal Office of the Financial Administration of the Slovak Republic. The study delves into the legislative landscape governing tobacco products, assessing its effectiveness in adapting to the evolving tactics of smuggling networks. In particular, the paper scrutinises how Slovak and European regulations align to counteract the sophisticated and increasingly complex strategies employed in illegal tobacco trafficking. Statistical data highlights the prevalence of contraband tobacco in Slovakia, illustrating the financial, health, and societal ramifications of the black market. The findings also point to a correlation between high tobacco prices and an increased likelihood of exposure to illicit products. Furthermore, the research supports hypotheses regarding the adaptability of Slovak legislation to contemporary tobacco consumption trends and the critical role of inter-European collaboration in enforcement efforts. However, it also identifies potential areas for legislative improvement, particularly in streamlining tobacco regulation. This study contributes valuable insights into the challenges and successes of the Slovak Republic’s ongoing fight against the illegal tobacco trade.
Kunjungan Wisatawan Domestik Jawa Tengah 2021: Peran Akomodasi, Daya Tarik Wisata, dan Transportasi
Authors: Rahma Laila Fitria Nur , Furqon Imahda Khori
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh jumlah akomodasi, daya tarik wisata, dan ketersediaan transportasi terhadap jumlah kunjungan wisatawan domestik di Provinsi Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2021. Pariwisata merupakan sektor penting di Indonesia, termasuk Jawa Tengah, namun pandemi COVID-19 telah menyebabkan penurunan tajam jumlah wisatawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Dinas Kepemudaan, Olahraga, dan Pariwisata. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 29 kabupaten dan 6 kota di Jawa Tengah. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa di antara variabel yang diteliti, hanya variabel jumlah akomodasi (X1) yang memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah kunjungan wisatawan domestik di Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2021. Sedangkan daya tarik wisata (X2) dan transportasi (X3) tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Dalam rangka meningkatkan jumlah wisatawan, perlu adanya upaya untuk meningkatkan faktor-faktor yang tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Misalnya meningkatkan daya tarik wisata dengan mengembangkan program promosi yang menarik, meningkatkan sarana dan prasarana, serta kualitas pelayanan di sektor pariwisata. Penelitian ini mengimplikasikan bahwa pengembangan sektor pariwisata di Jawa Tengah perlu berfokus pada peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas akomodasi wisata.
Potensi Sektor Pariwisata Mangrove di Kalimantan Tengah: Studi pada Pantai Kubu Kotawaringin Barat
Authors: Ampung Leonard S , Endy Endy , Aryanto Sastori
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis potensi sektor pariwisata mangrove di Pantai Kubu, Kotawaringin Barat, Kalimantan Tengah. Menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung, wawancara mendalam, kajian dokumen, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pantai Kubu memiliki potensi besar sebagai destinasi wisata mangrove dengan keindahan alam, keanekaragaman hayati, dan berbagai aktivitas wisata yang menarik. Namun, pengembangan kawasan ini masih menghadapi beberapa tantangan, seperti keterbatasan aksesibilitas, rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat, dan kurangnya fasilitas penunjang. Untuk mengoptimalkan pengembangan wisata mangrove di Pantai Kubu, disarankan agar pemerintah daerah meningkatkan infrastruktur, melakukan sosialisasi dan edukasi kepada masyarakat, mengembangkan fasilitas penunjang, serta meningkatkan promosi dan pemasaran. Dengan langkah-langkah ini, Pantai Kubu dapat menjadi destinasi wisata unggulan yang berkontribusi pada pelestarian lingkungan dan peningkatan ekonomi lokal.
Optimized Investment Strategy and Proportional Reinsurance of Insurance Company under Ornstein–Uhlenbeck and Geometric Brownian motion Models
Authors: Mankilik I. M. , Ihedioha S. A.
Published: November 2024

In this work we investigated the optimization of an insurer’s investment strategy and the proportional reinsurance rate of his portfolio under power utility preference in the cases of correlated and uncorrelated Brownian motions. The market in which the insurer traded two assets; a risky asset whose price process was governed by the geometric Brownian motion (GBM) and riskless asset that had its price driven by the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck stochastic model. We derived the required Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation (HJB) by applying the maximum principle of dynamic programming and the elimination of dependency on variables was used to obtain the analytic solutions of optimized investment strategy and the proportional reinsurance rate.
Processes and Channels of Technology Upgrading of Knowledge-based Firms in Nigeria
Authors: E. M. Ogunjemilua, , A. I. Oyebola, , I. F. Ogunjemilua, , F. A. Babatola, , I. M. Falayi,
Published: November 2024

This study examined the processes and channels of technology upgrading of knowledge-based firms (KBF) in Nigeria. The study adapted OECD (2004) classification of knowledge-based industry in Nigeria context such as low technology-based and high technology-based firms. Questionnaires were administered on fifty (50) selected knowledge firms and 72% of the questionnaires retrieved were used for the analysis of this study. The results revealed that low-tech based firms (47.8%) and high-tech based firms (21.1%) upgraded technology through the process of technology spillover; likewise, low-tech based firms (46.8%) and high-tech based firms (52.4%) upgraded technology through the process of technology transfer. The study further indicated that low-tec based firms (46%) and high-tech based firms (81%) upgraded technology through trading channels. Also, low-tech based firms (47.9%) and high-tech based firms (95.5%) upgraded technology through foreign direct investment channels, likewise, low-tech based firms (38.9%) and high-tech based firms (29.9%) upgraded technology through technology development alliance. The study concluded that low-tech based firms in Nigeria need to improve more on their technology transfer process while high-tech based firms also need to improve on their technology spillover technologies through different systems that are customers’ driven.
Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Desmostachya bipinnata Roots
Authors: Sapkota Bhishma , Amatya Mohan , Neupane Sujan
Published: November 2024

This study was conducted for preliminary phytochemical study of different extracts and to study antimicrobial effects of methanolic extract of Desmostachya bipinnata roots. Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf is an official drug of ayurvedic pharmacopoeia, belongs to the family of Poaceae/Gramineae. Phytochemical screening was done to identify the main groups of chemical constituents present in different extract of Desmostachya bipinnata by their colour reactions with different reagents. Four extracts viz: Petroleum, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic, were subjected for carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, proteins and amino acids using a test procedure. Preliminary antimicrobial test of D. bipinnata extract was carried out by well diffusion method. The extract was subjected for antimicrobial screening using reference standard, Gentamicin (10µg). The antimicrobial screening of the plant extract revealed the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive microorganism) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative microorganism).
Synthesis and Fabrication of Fe3O4/SiO2/Agarose/Fe3+ Magnetic Nanoparticle and its Application in Drug Delivery: Metformin Approach
Authors: Moosavi Zeinab , Hashemi Payman , Ali Mohammadzadeh
Published: November 2024

In this study Fe3O4/SiO2/Agarose/Fe3+ magnetic nanoparticle was synthesized based on a simple co-precipitation technique and applied for the drug delivery approach. The modified magnetic nanoparticles were characterized with some techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The magnetic nanoparticles size was less than 17nm and applied as carrier for metformin. In the achieved optimum conditions at pH = 9, time = 5 min, temperature = 20C and 5ml adsorbent, a high loading capacity of (41.4mg g-1) was obtained for a 1000mg L-1 solution of metformin. The short adsorption time indicates the rapid uptake of the drug onto the nanoparticle carrier. Up to 52% of the drug was loaded on the carrier under the optimal conditions. The method has relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 11.8% (n=10). The proposed method has been successfully applied as a carrier of Metformin.
Exploring the Efficacy of Herbal Plants in Nephrolithiasis: An In-Depth Review
Authors: N. Vaja Payal , S. Popaniya Hiral , H. Borkhataria Chetan , J. Tank Chintankumar , H. Parmar Khushbu , V. Tank Piyush
Published: November 2024

Nephrolithiasis, or kidney stones, is a common urological disorder affecting millions worldwide. Traditional and complementary medicine systems have long used medicinal plants to prevent and treat the condition. This in-depth review examines the types of nephrolithiasis, causative and risk factors, composition of stone, major causes of stone formation, mechanism of nephrolithiasis as well as the ethnobotanical properties of these plants like bijora fruit, varuna, and manjishta etc, including anti urolithiatic, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The review encompasses an extensive search of published scientific literature, traditional knowledge, and ethnobotanical records, yielding a wealth of information on plants with potential anti-nephrolithiatic properties. These plants offer diverse mechanisms of action, including inhibition of crystallization, dissolution of stones, reduction of oxidative stress, and alleviation of pain and inflammation. Several bioactive compounds, such as phytochemicals, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory agents, have been identified in these plants, contributing to their therapeutic efficacy. This in-depth review underscores the potential of medicinal plants in the prevention and treatment of nephrolithiasis. It advocates for the integration of traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches to develop evidence-based strategies for managing kidney stones.
Overview of Tools used in Molecular Docking
Authors: R. Nagrale Payal , S. Gadiwan Payal , Y. Gorad Nitin , D. Lahamge Omkar , P. Kanse Omkar , M. Veer Omkar , Attar Rinaj
Published: November 2024

The creative process of developing novel drugs based on the identification of a biological target is known as “drug design.” Drug design, in its most basic form, is the design of molecules that complement the molecular target that they interact and bind to in terms of charge and shape. The process of locating chemical entities with the potential to become medicinal agents is known as drug discovery. The identification of novel molecular entities that could prove valuable in treating illnesses that meet the criteria for unmet medical needs is a primary objective of drug discovery initiatives. In response to this demand for greater quality, the drug discovery process has incorporated absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination studies as well as, more and more, safety data. Examine the chemical structure drawing method and use the ChemSketch app to draw. The world’s largest publicly available chemical information database is called PubChem. Chemicals can be found using their names, structures, molecular formulas, and other identifiers. Discover information about biological activity, safety and toxicity, chemical and physical qualities, patents, literature citations, and more. Large biological molecules like proteins and nucleic acids have three-dimensional structural data stored in a database called the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The process of docking involves predicting a ligand’s preferred orientation towards a target when they are bonded together to create a stable complex. Using the ChemSketch, PubChem, and pdb databases in the autodock tool, molecular docking is accomplished make additional adjustments by selecting and swapping out words. Amantadine, initially showcased as an antiviral specialist for flu A, is Adamantan-1amine. 1-Adamantylamine may be a synthetic tricyclic amine, and it may be a part of the lesson of adamantanes. Amantadine, initially promoted as an antiviral operator for flu A, is an elective pharmaceutical for antipsychotic-induced parkinsonism and dodges the antagonistic central anxious framework and fringe impacts of anticholinergic solutions. Its component of activity is vague but shows up to Include presynaptic dopamine (DA) reuptake barricade, help of DA discharge, postsynaptic DA agonism, and receptor tweak.