bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment Modalities That Provoke Test Anxiety Among Medical Students
Authors:   Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, Wadi Majed Mohammed , Yusoff Muhamad Saiful Bahri ,   Department of Medical Education, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Abdul Rahim Ahmad Fuad ,   Department of Medical Education, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Nik Lah Nik Ahmad Zuky ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

The prevalence of distress among medical students continues to rise. Studies have shown that stressrelated to examinations – test anxiety (TA) – is the most frequently reported source of distress. Research on the relationship between TA and assessment modalities is thus critical for determining the potential ramifications of this problem. This study aimed to explore assessment modalities that aggravate TA among medical students in a Malaysian medical school. A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students at the School of Medical Sciences (SMS) of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Students rated TA for each assessment modality used in the school. Each modality was scored from 1 to 10, with 1 indicating no TA and 10 representing extreme TA. Forty-five students participated in the study. The group was divided almost equally in terms of sex. The assessment modalities that provoked the most TA were the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), the short case, the short essay question (SEQ) and the long case, with mean scores of 7.9, 7.8, 7.7 and 7.7, respectively. The case write-up, the problem-based learning (PBL) assessment, the multiple true-false (MTF) questions and the Simplified Thematic Engagement of Professionalism Scale (STEPS) were the assessment methods that induced the least TA, with mean scores of 5.1, 5.0, 4.4 and 4.0, respectively. This study found that the worst assessment modalities in terms of TA were the OSCE, the short and long cases, and the short essay question, while the case write-up, the PBL assessment, the MTF questions, and the STEPS induced the least TA. Most students reported that memorisation difficulties and facing examiners were the most common causes of TA. Remedial measures include examiner training on how to deal with examinees during assessments, evaluating the distribution of marks according to assessment modality and student training focused on study skills and exam preparation.
Metaverse: Turizm İçin Bir Fırsat Mı Yoksa Bir Tehdit Mi (Metaverse: An Opportunity For Tourism Or is it a Threat )
Authors: Tayfun Ahmet , Silik Cemal Ersin , Şimşek Erdem , Dülger Ayşe Selin
Published: July 2022

Modern yaşam ve gelişen teknoloji futuristik romanların hayal ürünü olan yeni bir kavramı/olguyu –metaverse- hayatımızın yeni bir gerçekliği haline getirmek üzeredir. İlerleyen zamanlarda bu ve benzeri teknolojik platform ve uygulamaların günlük yaşantımızın bir parçası haline gelebileceği öngörülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, turizm alanındaki öğretim elemanlarının metaverse kavramına ilişkin değerlendirmelerini tespit etmektir. Bu kapsamda, Türkiye’deki farklı üniversitelerin turizm ile ilgili bölümlerinde görev yapan öğretim elemanlarına yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile anket uygulanmıştır. Farklı üniversitelerin turizm ile ilgili bölümlerinde görev yapan toplam 82 öğretim elemanından veriler toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, MAXQDA programı aracılığı ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, turizm alanında görev yapan öğretim elemanları metaverse kavramına ilişkin sanal evren, sanal gerçeklik, artırılmış gerçeklik ve sanal ortam kavramlarını ön plana çıkarmıştır. Bununla birlikte öğretim elemanlarına göre metaverse; pazarlama etkinliği, turistlere ekonomik kolaylık, tanıtım kolaylığı gibi fırsatlar sunabileceğini, istihdam sorunu, turizm gelirlerinde azalma, işletmelerin çağa ayak uyduramaması ve güvenlik açığı gibi tehditler oluşturabileceğini dile getirmişlerdir.
Gastronomi ve Mutfak Sanatları Öğrencilerinin Gurme Algısı: Bir Metafor Analizi (Gastronomy and Culinary Arts Students Gourmet Perception: A Metaphor Analysis)
Authors: Yücel Güngör Mehtap , Güngör Ozan
Published: July 2022

Son zamanlarda geleneksel medya ve sosyal medya araçlarının etkisiyle popüler hale gelen gurme kavramı, Fransızca'daki gourmet kelimesinden gelmekte ve Türk Dil Kurumu tarafından 'tatbilir' olarak ifade edilmektedir (TDK Sözlükleri, 2020). Bu çalışmanın amacı Gastronomi ve Mutfak Sanatları öğrencilerinin "Gurme" kavramına yönelik algılarını metaforlar aracılığıyla ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaçla “Gurme ……… benzer; Anadolu Üniversitesi Gastronomi ve Mutfak Sanatları öğrencilerine 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde verilen formlarda yer alan cümleleri tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Araştırmaya farklı sınıflardan 76 öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomenoloji deseni ile gerçekleştirilmiş olup, elde edilen veriler metafor ve içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda araştırmada geçerli yanıt veren 70 öğrencinin 39'u erkek, 31'i kadındır. Öğrencilerin 'gurme' kavramına ilişkin toplam 58 metafor ürettikleri görülmüştür. Kavram için geliştirilen 50 metafor 3 farklı kavramsal kategoride, geliştirilen 8 metafor ise içerik açısından diğer metaforlardan bağımsız görüldüğü için diğer kategorisi altında değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Gastronomi ve Mutfak Sanatları Bölümü öğrencilerinin 'gurme' kavramı ile ilgili temel bir altyapıya sahip oldukları söylenebilir.
Kahvecilik Nesillerinin Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma (A Study on the Characteristics of the Coffee Generations)
Authors: Kahya Zeynep , Zencir Çiftçi Ebru
Published: July 2022

Kahve tarih boyunca her zaman önemli bir içecek olmuştur. Sadece ürün olarak değil, aynı zamanda temsil ettiği değerler ve sosyalleşme aracı olması bakımından içecekler arasında farklı bir yere sahiptir. Kahve içilen mekânlar, küreselleşme ile beraber ortaya çıkan üretim ve tüketim koşullarına ayak uydurmak amacıyla zaman içerisinde değişimlere uğramıştır. Yaşanan bu değişimler zaman içerisinde kahveciliğin farklı nesiller olarak adlandırılmasına neden olmuştur. Ancak bahsi geçen bu nesillerin tam olarak hangi boyutlarla temsil edildiğini inceleyen kapsamlı bir çalışma bulmak güçtür. Bu noktadan hareketle bu çalışmanın temel amacı kahvecilik nesillerini belirli boyutlar çerçevesinde inceleyerek özelliklerini belirlemek ve tanımını yapmaktır. Böylece gerek günlük hayatta bahsi geçen gerekse literatürde araştırılan kahve işletmelerinin belirli boyutlar çerçevesinde tanımlanması ve sınıflandırılması mümkün olacaktır. Çalışmada kahve hakkında uzman 14 kişi ile görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir.
The role of microfinance institutions in enhancing the sustainability of women-owned SMMES
Authors: Koti Kundai , Sewela Modiba Florah
Published: July 2022

Microfinance plays a catalytic role in the sustainability of small, micro, and medium enterprises (SMMEs). Given the prevailing failure rate of SMMEs in South Africa, a holistic view of microfinance institutions (MFIs) regarding microfinance is essential. This paper explores how MFIs enhance women-owned SMMEs’ sustainability in the Gqeberha area focusing on three MFIs subsidized by the South African government in Nelson Mandela Bay municipality. Systems theory was used to explore areas that MFIs should focus on to enhance the sustainability of women-owned SMMEs. A qualitative case study using semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires was employed. The research sample was drawn from three public MFIs in Gqeberha and 21 women-owned SMMEs who are beneficiaries of the MFIs. Coding and thematic analysis were used for data analysis. MFIs encounter challenges in adequately servicing women-owned SMMEs. A mismatch was identified in the provision and demand of microfinance services due to limited funding for MFIs. The non-financial support essential to keeping SMMEs afloat does not meet the needs of women-owned businesses. The microfinance services provided by MFIs play a significant role in supporting SMMEs to achieve sustainability. However, there is a need for a complementary service that should offer sector-specific business support because current services provided by the MFIs are generic, and SMMEs need sector-specific assistance.
AcknowledgmentsOur special thanks go to the Department of Development Studies and Nelson Mandela University for the support that contributed to the success of this manuscript. We also acknowledge Dr. Ruth Albertyn for her technical and editorial support.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of/towards Covid-19 among Cameroonians in the Bamenda Health District: A Cross-Sectional Study during the Second Wave of the Pandemic
Authors: Ngah Yayah Emerencia
Published: July 2022

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has and is greatly affecting the global community. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards Covid-19 among a convenient sample of the general public in the Bamenda Health District (BHD) of Cameroon. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the BHD, from 1st March to 30th April 2021. Participants were sampled from three Health Areas in Bamenda. Data collection was performed using a self-administered questionnaire. The Pearson Chi square (χ2) and regression analysis were used to determine associations between KAP and demographic characteristics. We studied 404 participants with the following demographic characteristics: 237 (58.7%) aged 25 – 49 years, 233 (57.7%) females, and 197 (48.8%) with tertiary level of education. Of the 404 participants, 182 (45.0%) were knowledgeable about Covid-19 (79 males and 103 females), 42.5% had positive attitudes towards Covid-19 (63 males and 109 females), and 122 (30.2%) were adherent to practicing public health preventive measures (48 males and 74 females). Compared to females, males were more adherent to practicing public health preventive measures (OR, 1. 3; 95% CI, 0.8 – 2.1), and had positive attitudes towards directives and guidelines (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1 – 2.8). This study shows that public health prevention efforts should be directed to closing the identified gaps in KAP among residents to halt the spread of Covid-19 in the health district as well as the Region.
VALIDACIÓN DE CUESTIONARIO SOBRE AUTORREGULACIÓN DEL APRENDIZAJE EN LA FORMACIÓN INICIAL DOCENTE
Authors: Aguilar Davis Virginia , Hernández Rodríguez Carlos
Published: July 2022

La presente investigación, de diseño instrumental y enfoque cuantitativo, se realizó con la finalidad de analizar la validez del Cuestionario de Autorregulación del Aprendizaje en la Formación Inicial Docente, conformado por 84 ítems y elaborado a partir de un modelo propio diseñado bajo el enfoque sociocognitivo. Con este objetivo se recurrió a una muestra de 360 estudiantes de cinco licenciaturas distintas en una Institución de Educación Superior de México. Mediante el juicio de expertos se obtuvo la validez de contenido, mientras que el índice de Confiabilidad Alfa de Cronbach dio como resultado .942. Las pruebas de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin y esfericidad de Bartlett, confirmaron la viabilidad de realizar el Análisis Factorial de Componentes principales con rotación Varimax, resultando tres factores con una distribución de ítems que no corresponde al modelo original, lo cual puede deberse a la compleja estructura del cuestionario.  Se concluye que el instrumento cuenta con validez de contenido, es congruente con su diseño y altamente confiable, sin embargo, se recomienda corroborar la validez de constructo mediante otras pruebas, seccionando el instrumento en las fases o áreas que lo conforman, o aplicándolo en otras poblaciones procedentes de instituciones tanto públicas como privadas, por ejemplo.
School dropout in academic training in upper basic students of the Tosagua Educational Unit
Authors: Villavicencio-Loor María Yexcenia , Barreiro-Vera Bella Aurora
Published: July 2022

School desertion is the abandonment of the academic activities of an individual, which due to various situations such as economic, political, social, family, environmental or health, occurs when people leave behind the process of education or training. This is one of the problems suffered by most educational institutions and has a direct impact on the socioeconomic development of this society, which surely compromises its future. Said argumentation of the problem raised is necessary for understanding in teaching and learning in students and their corresponding induction to optimal learning levels. In this sense, the purpose of this work is to analyze the factors that affect the school dropout of upper basic students of the Tosagua Educational Unit, of the Tosagua canton, in the 2021-2022 school period, as well as the strategies and practical procedures and specific ones that promote the inclusion of children and adolescents in the classroom. Based on a qualitative and quantitative methodology, it is intended to determine the factors that affect the school dropout of upper basic students of the Tosagua Educational Unit, of the Tosagua canton, in the 2021-2022 school year.
The Corporate Management Strategies as Empowering Persons with Disabilities Through Equal Opportunity and Access to Employment in Indonesia
Authors: Rusdiana Emmilia , Nugroho Arinto , Sari Nurnilam
Published: July 2022

The absence of implementation instructions by formulating strategies as a model for company management as well as the company's initial provision in providing equal opportunities and preparing access to workers with disabilities. To formulate a management model as a recommendation for private companies in the policies of the district/city/provincial Manpower and Transmigration Office and agencies in the city/district government or State-Owned Enterprises companies, and as a recommendation for the preparation of academic texts of regional regulations in Indonesia. The results that the real problem is the environment or society's perspective, and companies can consider the advantages of workers with disabilities, in the form of character and abilities as well as a good image for companies. Adjustment the company's commitment to providing additional funds to prepare human resources and additional facilities to meet the needs in the work environment, increasing in the form of training on the awareness of other workers as well as awareness that persons with disabilities have rights as workers, and as business opportunities and benefits, or through company activity in the form of Corporate Social Responsibility. More recently, the synergy between companies, the government and the community of people with disabilities, in the form of imposition of rewards based on the number of permanent workers and temporary workers of people with disabilities to all companies.
Intervention of Entrepreneurship Values to Improve Entrepreneur Interest on Persons with Disabilities
Authors: Setiawan Arozi , Yusuf Munawir , Gunarhadi Gunarhadi
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to know the entrepreneurship interest on the disabilities and the impacts of this entrepreneurship values intervention on their entrepreneur interest. Data is collected from standardized questionnaire of entrepreneurship interest including attention, interest, desire, decision and action with reliability level of 0.892. Data is analyzed on the normality, then using paired samples t-test to know the impacts of provided treatment. Results of this study show that (1) the intervention of entrepreneurship values can improve entrepreneur interest on the disabilities in Surakarta; (2) before treatment, the level of entrepreneur interest on the disabilities is in medium-to-low level with the percentage of 86.99%; (3) the level of entrepreneur interest after treatment is improving to percentage of 82.05%.
Lezers aan het woord
Authors: Redactie GT
Published: July 2022

Werk van de druppel melk. De Grote Crone. Leontine Thorens. Brugloft. Het beloofde land. Straatrepressie in 1944. Eifeltoren op Zwijnaardsesteenweg. Aan Daniël Van Ryssel, in dankbare herinnering.
Ontslag in 1878 van Jean Pierre Hofman, ingenieur-directeur van de stadswerken Gent.
Authors: Steeman Jan
Published: July 2022

In dit artikel wordt nader ingegaan op de omstandigheden die na nauwelijks iets meer dan tien jaar tot zijn gedwongen ontslag leidden. Ze illustreren een veranderende mentaliteit in de stedelijke administratie. Hofman werd benoemd in 1867 in een periode dat die dienst herhaalde reorganisaties onderging. Pogingen werden ondernomen om de hogere ambtenaren ertoe te dwingen zich volledig aan hun taak te wijden en onafhankelijk van pressiegroepen en privéondernemingen te werken. Precies op dit vlak liep het mis voor Hofman. In 1878 werd hij in de gemeenteraad beschuldigd van belangenvermenging.
Het Rasphuis aan de Coupure (1775 –1935) ‘correctiehuis’ en centrale gevangenis. Deel 1. Product van de Verlichting onder Vilain XIIII (1773-1829).
Authors: De Vleeschouwer Herbert
Published: July 2022

In een korte inleidende schets wordt een beeld gegeven van het verschrikkelijke regime dat gevangenen nog in de 17de en 18de eeuw moesten ondergaan in afwachting van het vonnis en de strafexecutie, die steeds snel volgden. Hierin werd verbetering gebracht door de bouw van een nieuw type gevangenissen, opgevat en gebouwd als ‘correctiehuizen’. De ‘logés’ werden tewerkgesteld, onder meer – maar niet uitsluitend –, in het raspen van verfhout. Ze werden hiervoor betaald, maar moesten tussenkomen in de onkosten. Dit wordt duidelijk gemaakt in dit eerste deel van twee over het Gentse Rasphuis aan de Coupure, een initiatief van de ‘verlichte’ Vilain XIIII, politiek leidende figuur in Gent en het vroegere graafschap Vlaanderen tijdens de late Oostenrijkse Tijd.
De Gentse Mont Blanc, alias Blandijnberg.
Authors: Vermeulen Jozef
Published: July 2022

Gedicht van de dichter, plaatsnamenbedenker, politicus, folklorist, verzamelaar, feestenorganisator, advokaat en schepen van de stad Gent.
Lezers aan het woord
Authors: Redactie GT
Published: July 2022

Cruyl’s gezicht op oostelijk Gent. Aa zal feur maa gieën commisses nie mier doen. Boek en tentoonstelling over de familie Rodriguez d’Evora y Vega. Verzetsorganisaties. Stoombootverbinding tussen Gent en Antwerpen (1827 en later). Veekooplui of wat?
François Nuyens uit Ledeberg zorgde in 1905-1908 voor een elektrisch tramnet in Tianjin.
Authors: Rummens Mark
Published: July 2022

De Ledebergenaar François Nuyens hielp aan het begin van de vorige eeuw het trambedrijf van Tianjin in China uitbouwen. De beschrijving geeft ook een idee van hoe de Belgische industrie – in dit geval onder leiding van Emile Francqui en Edouard Empain – mede aan de top stond van de industrielanden. Het trambedrijf in Tianjin wordt vergeleken met dat van Gent. De trams van het hier beschreven type bleven gedurende 60 tot 75 jaar, weliswaar met verschillende aanpassingen, rondrijden op het Gentse net.
Het katholieke schipperswerk in Gent (eind 19de eeuw-1978). Deel 3. In vaak moeilijke tijden (1914-ca. 1950).
Authors: Hanson Marc
Published: July 2022

De economisch was een moeilijke periode 1914-1950 en nefast voor de binnenvaart en haar schippers. Het Schippershuis heeft toen veel inspanningen geleverd om de negatieve gevolgen voor de (Gentse) schippers te verzachten. Tegelijk kreeg het Schipperswerk zelf te kampen met een ernstige malaise.
Het Posthotel aan de Gentse Kouter. Een luxehotel voor de stad.
Authors: Steeman Jan
Published: July 2022

Tot en met 1963 stond op de Kouter, tussen Opera en Handelsbeurs, het Hotel de la Poste. Dit gebouw werd in 1814 opgetrokken naar een ontwerp van architect Pierre-Jacques Goetghebuer (1788-1866), op de plek waar tot dan het Sint-Sebastiaanshof gelegen was. Het is echter weinig geweten dat de stad het hotel overkocht in 1905 en het in de aanloop naar de Wereldtentoonstelling van 1913 transformeerde tot luxehotel. In dit artikel focussen we vooral op deze ingrijpende verbouwingsfase en de toenmalige inrichting. Het project stond onder leiding van stadsarchitect Charles Van Rysselberghe (1850-1920) en betreft een zeldzame samenwerking met zijn broer Octave (1855-1929).
Madame Rachel. Een Gensche saga in the sixties.
Authors: Vermeirsch Eric
Published: July 2022

Nog een jeugdherinnering, eigenlijk meer puber- en postpuberherinnering van de auteur. Een niet al goed aflopend verhaal van een schitterende jonge dame, die het tot ‘madam’ bracht, maar tragisch eindigde.
Lezers aan het woord
Authors: Redactie GT
Published: July 2022

Tramsporen helpen foto identificatie. Carrosserie De Meulemeester, gespecialiseerd in foorwagens. Veergrep. Gedenkplaat Joos (Judocus) de Rijcke aan het Oud Justitiepaleis. ‘Achterwaartsterigge’: niet gelijk aan vroedvrouw.
Developing student social attitude self-assessment instruments: A study in vocational high school
Authors: Nurrahman Arief , Sukirno Sukirno , Pratiwi Dwi Setyo , Iskandar Joni , Rahim Abdul , Rahmaini Indah Sari
Published: July 2022

This study aims to develop a self-assessment instrument in the affective domain of students' social attitudes, which was modified by the case of the instrument item. The measurement results can be used as a recommendation for the self-assessment of students' social attitudes at school. The sampling technique used is cluster random sampling. The instrument was content validated by five experts using Aiken, and construct validation using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), while the reliability estimation used Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. The results showed that there were seven instrument factors to assess the affective domain of students' social attitudes, namely honest, disciplined, polite, caring, responsible, responsive, and proactive. Content validity using the Aiken index shows 28 valid items. The construct validity of the instrument was carried out using EFA with a KMO value of 0.618, which means it has met the requirements. The fit model based on the CFA results shows the Chi-square value 2df = 258.022x341, p-value = 0.4160.05, RMSEA = 0.01970.08, CFI = 0.91, GFI = 0.86, AGFI = 0.88.  In item estimation, the factor loading value is 0.3, which means the items in the instrument are valid. The estimated reliability of the instrument shows the Cronbach Alpha coefficient value of 0.895, which means that all developed instruments are reliable. Valid and reliable instruments are very important to get good information about the affective assessment of students' social attitudes.
Main directions for improving public administration mechanisms in Ukraine
Authors:   Department of Public Administration and International Economics, Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Mykolaiv, Ukraine, Lyudmila Progoniuk , Anzhela Husenko ,   Department of Public Administration and International Economics, Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Mykolaiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to determine the prerogatives of digital modernization of the public administration system based on the assessment of the development of digital government and the identification of major barriers. That involves both organizational and procedural changes and cultural changes in public authorities, personnel and qualification structures, interaction with citizens, and the effectiveness of public services. In the course of the study, statistical methods were used (qualitative and quantitative analysis), and empirical methods. Despite the automation of public authorities in recent years, the results of the transfer of public services to electronic format remain unsatisfactory. Digital modernization of the public administration system involves expanding methods for analyzing and evaluating the implementation of state programs, including auditing the effectiveness of their implementation. Currently, the assessment involves calculating the degree of achievement of the target values of performance indicators of projects, and monitoring is the assessment of the share of key events (activities) that occurred on time. The use of technologies of predictive analytics, and artificial intelligence has significantly changed the quality of information and analytical support of decisions. "Big data" processing technologies contribute to the adaptation of public policy measures to the needs and characteristics of the recipients of regulation.
Regional Regulation of the Social Sphere of the Village in the 1970s. (the Case of the Orenburg Region)
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Zhaybalieva Lusia T.
Published: July 2022

Relevance. Modern discussions about the past and present of the Russian countryside create the need to refer to the historical experience of the Soviet state in regulating social processes. In the 1970s, the state began to turn towards the social sphere of the village, new trends in its development emerged. This is the period when the party leadership of the country is searching for optimal ways to solve the issues of improving the socio-economic and cultural living conditions of rural workers. The purpose – analysis of the main aspects of state regulation of the social sphere of the village of the Orenburg region in the 1970s. Objectives: to determine the content and main directions of the state policy on the social development of rural areas; to study the regional aspects of social policy in rural areas, to show the features of its implementation in the Orenburg region. Metodology. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The methodo-logical basis of the research is a systematic approach. The comparative historical method and the method of logical analysis are used. Results. The understanding of the importance of social issues was reflected in a number of documents of the party and state bodies of the Orenburg region in the 1970s. At meetings of regional party conferences, as well as plenums of the Orenburg Regional Committee, various social and everyday issues were put as the main agenda of the event. The study reveals the ways, forms and methods of activating socio-cultural activities in rural areas, provides an objective analysis of the role of party and economic structures in the processes of reforming the social sphere. Conclusion. In the 1970s, the state turned to the social sphere of the village, new trends in its development were outlined. Despite the fact that the awareness of the importance of social development of rural areas and the population was evidently reflected in many resolutions of the regional committee and official speeches of the top officials of the region, social policy in the 1970s did not become a priority area of activity of the regional party organization.
Legal Grounds for Criminal Liability for Failure to Provide Assistance to a Patient
Authors:   Kutafin State University (MGUA), Ponyatovskaya Tatyana G.
Published: July 2022

Relevance. Dangerous violations of sectoral medical law, regulated by a number of federal laws, should be protected by the norms of criminal law. At first glance, this is true, but a detailed analysis of regulatory and protective legislation indicates a significant inconsistency in the issues of liability for defects in the provision of medical care, especially specialized in terms of non-provision of narcological, psychiatric, palliative care. The purpose is to substantiate the need to develop regulations for the responsibility of medical workers as a prerequisite for the qualitative application of criminal law norms. Objectives to determine the contradictions of sectoral and criminal legislation; to indicate the technical and legal errors of Article 124 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, to provide criteria for understanding the objective side and signs of the subject of the crime. The research methodology is based on the general principles of scientific knowledge: determinism, conformity and complementarity. Methods of systematic interdisciplinary analysis and synthesis using general philosophical methods of induction and deduction are also used. Results. The scope of the concept of "medical care" in the signs of a crime provided for in Article 124 of the Criminal Code cannot be limited by the law enforcement officer, either depending on the types of medical care, or the conditions of its provision, or the forms. Therefore, liability under this norm may occur if medical care is not provided in emergency and urgent forms, as well as if the procedure for providing medical care is violated in the event of the occurrence of the consequences specified in the law. Signs of violations of the provision of medical care, persons responsible for these violations, as well as the legal consequences of violations should be developed within the framework of liability regulations. Conclusion. The implementation of Article 124 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in practice is currently somewhat intuitive, which is due to internal contradictions of medical and criminal legislation.
The Role of the Architectural and Planning Department in Organizing the Construction of Defensive Lines on the Outskirts of Leningrad (June – September 1941)
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, North-West Institute of Management, Murga Nikolay V.
Published: July 2022

Relevance. Numerous publications, books, articles and studies have been devoted to the topic of the heroic defense of Leningrad, collections of declassified documents and other materials have been published, revealing to us the unprecedented feat of the Leningraders in the defense of the city. However, this large and important topic has not yet been adequately explored. There are still no generalizing works that would reproduce the full picture of the participation of the Architectural and Planning Department in the construction of defensive structures on the outskirts of Leningrad in the first months of the attack by the Nazi invaders. The purpose: analysis of the activities of the Architectural and Planning Department during the first months of the attack of the Nazi invaders on the USSR; formulation of conclusions on the participation of the Architectural and Planning Department in the construction of defensive structures Objectives: explore new archival documents reflecting the activities of the Architectural and Planning Department; to analyze the results of the activities of the Architectural and Planning Department reflecting the events in the defense of Leningrad in the first months of the war; reveal the role and place of the Architectural and Planning Department during the construction of defensive structures on the far and near approaches to Leningrad. Methodology. In the course of the study, such methods as historical, chronological, as well as a systematic approach by the method of structural and functional analysis were used. Results. In an article based on archival documents of the Central State Archive, the Archive of Historical and Political Documents, previous studies, and memories of participants in the blockade of Leningrad. the activity of the Architectural and Planning Department of the Executive Committee of the Council of Workers' Deputies of Leningrad for the period from June 1941 to September 1941 during the construction of defensive structures on the distant and near approaches to Leningrad is studied Conclusions. Conclusions are drawn about the direct participation of the Architectural and Planning Department in the construction of defensive structures near Leningrad in the first months of the war.
Morphological features of thyroid benign focal neoplasms in Graves’ disease
Authors: Buldygina Yu.V. , Zelinskaya A.V. , Zurnadzhy L.Yu. , Tarashchenko Yu.M. , Shlyakhtych S.L. , Tronko M.D.
Published: July 2022

Background. The morphology of the thyroid in Graves’ disease (GD) can be quite diverse: in most cases there is a diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland (diffuse goiter), in some cases it is not increased, and in some patients there are focal neoplasms (single and multiple), including thyroid cancer. According to some studies, in patients with Graves’ disease, focal formations are observed in 10–31% of cases, and in half of the patients, they appear against the background of treatment with thionamides. The purpose of this paper was a retrospective study of the morphological features of benign thyroid neoplasms due to GD based on the results of cytological and pathomorphological studies. Materials and methods. The study was performed at the clinic of the State Institution “V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”. All patients with GD who were operated in the Department of Endocrine Surgery from 2008 to 2019 (1854 patients) were first selected, and then those who had benign focal formations according to the pathohistological examination were selected among them. Results. The frequency of benign thyroid neoplasms in GD is 22.06% in women aged 26 to 55 years. Cytological studies of thyroid neoplasm punctures in GD made it possible to clearly establish their benign nature (BSRTC-2) in 94.3% of cases. In 5.7% of cases, cytological categories BSRTC-3 and BSRTC-4 were established. Positive immunocytochemical reactions to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin, and the absence of CK17 allow avoiding cytological overdiagnosis, characteristic of benign neoplasms of the thyroid gland in GD. Conclusions. Among pathohistologically confirmed benign neoplasms of the thyroid gland in GD, in 63.82% of cases a histological diagnosis was adenomatous or colloid goiter, in 34.47%— signs of nodular hyperplasia, in 1.71%— the presence of thyroiditis.
Що потрібно знати сімейному лікарю про центральний артеріальний тиск?
Authors: Lazarev P.O.
Published: July 2022

У публікації наведено огляд сучасних даних щодо клінічного значення показників центрального артеріального тиску в повсякденній практиці лікаря терапевтичного профілю. Розібрано механізми формування центрального АТ. Наведено дані щодо впливу основних класів антигіпертензивних засобів на показники периферичного та центрального артеріального тиску. Застосування діуретиків та невазодилатуючих бета-блокаторів не забезпечує пропорційного зниження центрального артеріального тиску відповідно до периферичного.
A Pilot Plant Study of Coal Dryer: Simulation and Experiment
Authors: Halim Abdul , Widyanti Afninda Aryuni , Wahyudi Celvin Dicky , Martak Fahimah , Septiani Eka Luthfi
Published: July 2022

High moisture content in low-range coal causes low calorific value.  To increase the quality, drying by a coal dryer to minimize moisture content is proposed.  Here, a case study of a cyclone-like conical tube coal dryer pilot plant was reported.  Drying heating uses combustion heat generated from volatile matter combustion.  This approach will solve the two problems simultaneously: decreasing moisture content and volatile matter.  The computational fluid dynamic (CFD) approach is used to study fluid dynamics inside the coal dryer using ANSYS Fluent 2020R2 software.  The CFD simulation results represent the phenomenon of coal drying inside the coal dryer validated by the pilot plant experimental result.  The simulation was carried out in steady and unsteady conditions to understand the drying phenomena.  The simulation firmly fits the experimental result, especially in an unsteady state system, indicating that the simulation result is promising for further coal dryer design.  The optimal condition produces a high moisture content reduction of 86.37%, uniform fluid distribution, and significant volatile matter combustion
Association of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number with Risk of Progression of Kidney Disease
Authors: He William J. , Li Changwei , Huang Zhijie , Geng Siyi , Rao Varun S. , Kelly Tanika N. , Hamm L. Lee , Grams Morgan E. , Arking Dan E. , Appel Lawrence J. , Rebholz Casey M.
Published: July 2022

Background and objectives

Mitochondrial DNA copy number is a biomarker of mitochondrial function, which has been hypothesized to contribute to pathogenesis of CKD through podocyte injury, tubular epithelial cell damage, and endothelial dysfunction. The prospective association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with CKD progression has not been previously evaluated.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study participants had serum levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number calculated from probe intensities of mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyped on the Illumina HumanOmni 1-Quad Array. CKD progression was defined as kidney failure or halving of eGFR from baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios for mitochondrial DNA copy number and risk of CKD progression.

Results

Among 2943 participants, mean age was 58 years, 45% were women, and 48% self-identified as Black. There were 1077 patients who experienced CKD progression over a median follow-up of 6.5 years. The incidence rate of CKD progression was highest for those in the lowest tertile of mitochondrial DNA copy number (tertile 1, 58.1; tertile 2, 50.8; tertile 3, 46.3 per 1000 person-years). Risk for CKD progression was higher for participants with lower levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number after adjustment for established risk factors (for tertile 1 versus 3, hazard ratio, 1.28 [95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.50]; for tertile 2 versus 3, hazard ratio, 0.99 [95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 1.16]; trend P=0.002). Similar results were seen among those with albuminuria (for tertile 1 versus 3, hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.47), but there were no statistically significant associations among individuals without albuminuria (for tertile 1 versus 3, hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 0.70 to 1.53; interaction P<0.001).

Conclusions

These findings suggest lower mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with higher risk of CKD progression, independent of established risk factors among patients with CKD.
Radiographic Contrast Media and the Kidney
Authors: Cashion Winn , Weisbord Steven D.
Published: July 2022

AKI is a potential complication of intravascular iodinated contrast exposure. Contrast-associated AKI, which typically manifests as small and transient decrements in kidney function that develop within several days of contrast administration, is associated with serious adverse outcomes, including progressive kidney dysfunction and death. However, a causal link between the small increases in serum creatinine that characteristically occur with contrast-associated AKI and serious adverse outcomes remains unproven. This is important given mounting evidence that clinically indicated, potentially lifesaving radiographic procedures are underutilized in patients with CKD. This has been hypothesized to be related to provider concern about precipitating contrast-associated AKI. Intravascular gadolinium-based contrast, an alternative to iodinated contrast that is administered with magnetic resonance imaging, has also been linked with potential serious adverse events, notably the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with severe impairment in kidney function. Patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit frequently have clinical indications for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that involve the intravascular administration of contrast media. Accordingly, critical care providers and others treating critically ill patients should possess a sound understanding of the risk factors for and incidence of such outcomes, the ability to perform evidence-based risk-benefit assessments regarding intravascular contrast administration, and knowledge of empirical data on the prevention of these iatrogenic complications.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ИНЕРЦИАЛЬНЫХ ДАТЧИКОВ НА ОСНОВЕ СТРУКТУР «КРЕМНИЙ НАД ПОЛОСТЬЮ», ГЕРМЕТИЗИРУЕМЫХ НА УРОВНЕ ПЛАСТИН
Authors: Жукова С.А. , Иванов С.Ю. , Новичков Е.А. , Обижаев Д.Ю. , Ромахин П.А. , Суздальцев С.Ю. , Турков В.Е. , Ульянов С.А.
Published: July 2022

Представлены результаты разработки технологии чувствительного элемента для МЭМС-акселерометра на основе структур «кремний над полостью» с капсулой из боросиликатного стекла. Рассмотрены особенности глубокого ионного травления (Bosch-процесса), анодного сращивания, микроабразивной обработки при изготовлении герметичных контактов.
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ КОМПОЗИТНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ НА ОСНОВЕ НАНОПОРОШКОВ AL/NI/FE3O4 ДЛЯ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В АДДИТИВНОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
Authors: Переверзева С.Ю. , Шаман Ю.П. , Лебедев Е.А. , Сыса А.В. , Рязанов Р.М. , Громов Д.Г. , Кицюк Е.П.
Published: July 2022

Продемонстрирована возможность создания энергетического композиционного материала на основе нанопорошковых систем Al/Ni/Fe3O4 с использованием функциональной добавки углеродных нанотрубок и клея БФ-4. Установлено, что протекание самоподдерживающейся экзотермической реакции в энергетическом композиционном материале возможно после его термообработки при 300 °C.
КОМПЕНСАЦИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО УХОДА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Криштоп В.Г.
Published: July 2022

В данной работе рассматривается изменение характеристик электрохимических преобразователей параметров движения (ЭХП) в зависимости от температуры и обсуждаются методы температурной компенсации характеристик.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ ГЕРМЕТИЗАЦИИ И ХИМИКОГАЛЬВАНИЧЕСКОЙ МЕТАЛЛИЗАЦИИ НАПОЛНЕННЫХ ЭПОКСИДНЫХ СМОЛ ДЛЯ ТРЕХМЕРНЫХ МИКРОСБОРОК С ТОРЦЕВОЙ КОММУТАЦИЕЙ
Authors: Вертянов Д.В. , Сидоренко В.Н. , Погудкин А.В. , Беляков И.А. , Тимошенков С.П.
Published: July 2022

Рассмотрены варианты герметизации трехмерных сборок с торцевой коммутацией. Изучено влияние структуры торцевых поверхностей после герметизации на качество формируемой на этих поверхностях меди. Исследованы различные растворы и процессы медной металлизации, а также варианты подготовки поверхности перед металлизацией. Получены результаты адгезии меди к эпоксидному компаунду для разных растворов меднения и способов подковки поврехности.
Museo Nacional de Antropología: Antecedentes, reformas; sala y colección teotihuacanas, 1ª parte 1825-1947
Authors: García-García Enrique , Medina-González José Humberto
Published: July 2022

El artículo es una profunda revisión de la historia del hoy llamado Museo Nacional de Antropología, la institución museística más antigua de México. A partir de antecedentes conocidos, profundizamos en aspectos poco investigados previamente de la forma en la que fue progresando o mejorando la manera en la que la sección de arqueología presentaba al público los diversos objetos de su colección, así como en los criterios con que se clasificaba la colección misma y las diversas disputas académicas que esto generaba. Dicha sección pasó de estar en un cuarto con “escaparates”, a finales del siglo XIX, a ocupar la mitad del antiguo museo en la calle de Moneda –con la creación de salas divididas por filiación cultural– a finales de los años 40 del siglo. XX. El texto se concentra en la sala de Teotihuacan, creada en esos años, así como en la historia de su colección.
Factores de riesgo psicosocial en el trabajo en médicos familiares adscritos a una unidad de medicina familiar
Authors: Becerra Núñez Daniel , Alba Pimentel Beatriz M. , Cardona Torres Luz M.
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: analizar los factores de riesgo psicosocial en el trabajo en médicos familiares adscritos a una unidad de medicina familiar. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico, participaron cincuenta médicos de la Unidad de Medicina Familiar (umf) No. 49 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Celaya, Guanajuato, México. Se aplicó la Norma Oficial Mexicana nom-035-stps-2018, “Factores de riesgo psicosocial en el trabajo-Identificación, análisis y prevención”. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, prueba t para diferencia de dos medias y anova de un factor para la comparación de los factores en las variables sociodemográficas. Resultados: las mujeres representaron 60% del total de la muestra; la edad promedio fue de 40.1±6 años; casados, 72%; antigüedad laboral, 12.9±7.1 años. Once participantes reportaron acontecimientos traumáticos severos; el riesgo psicosocial fue en 56% medio, 34%, alto y 6%, muy alto; la categoría con el mayor nivel de riesgo fue factores propios de la actividad, con 72% en riesgo muy alto; los dominios de mayor riesgo psicosocial fueron carga de trabajo con 84% en riesgo muy alto, falta de control sobre el trabajo con 52% en riesgo muy alto y liderazgo con 8% en riesgo muy alto. En la organización del tiempo de trabajo, las mujeres tuvieron un riesgo psicosocial más alto que los hombres (p=0.014), con nueve años o menos de antigüedad. En liderazgo y relaciones en el trabajo, tuvieron menor riesgo psicosocial aquellos entre diez y diecinueve años, en comparación con los de más de veinte años (p=0.001, 0.036, respectivamente). Conclusiones: de acuerdo con la nom-035-stps-2018, la umf No. 49, requiere para sus médicos familiares revisar la política de prevención de riesgos psicosociales y el desarrollo de programas para su abordaje, así como la promoción de un entorno organizacional favorable.
Impacto de una estrategia de intervención multidisciplinaria en atención primaria sobre la función renal
Authors: Hernández Llamas Guillermo , Arias Villegas Graciela , Hernández Llamas Héctor
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad del protocolo del Manual de Operaciones de las Unidades Médicas de Especialidades de Enfermedades Crónicas (unemes ec) analizando la evolución de la función renal y factores de riesgo de progresión, durante un año, en 376 pacientes diabéticos referidos por una red de centros de salud. Métodos: se analizaron 70 pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (tasa inicial de filtración glomerular ≤59 ml/min/1.73 m2) y 306 pacientes sin la enfermedad (tasa inicial de filtración glomerular ≥60 ml/min/1.73 |m2), en quienes se compararon los valores iniciales y finales de presión arterial sistólica, presión arterial diastólica, colesterol total, lipoproteínas de alta densidad, lipoproteínas de baja densidad, Hb1Ac, peso, índice de masa corporal, creatinina plasmática y tasa de filtración glomerular. Resultados: los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica mejoraron su función renal entre 1 y 9 ml/min/1.73 m2 con nivel de confianza de 95%, los pacientes sin enfermedad renal crónica no presentaron cambios; el factor de riesgo significativo fue el índice de masa corporal. Conclusión: la aplicación de la normatividad por un grupo multidisciplinario mejoró la función renal en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica y evitó su deterioro en pacientes sin ella.
Sintomatología depresiva y satisfacción laboral en médicos familiares durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Meza Ramírez Alicia , Morales Alvarez Clara T. , Alba Pimentel Beatriz M. , Cardona Torres Luz M. , Morales Calderón Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: identificar la sintomatología depresiva y la satisfacción laboral en médicos familiares de la Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 49 en Celaya, Guanajuato, México. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico realizado de diciembre 2020 a febrero de 2021, participaron 51 médicos familiares, se utilizó el inventario de Beck-ii para medir depresión y la escala general de Warr, Cook y Wall para determinar satisfacción laboral. Resultados: la edad de los participantes fue de 38.5 ± 5.9 años, con predominio del sexo femenino en 54.9%. Se identificó depresión mínima en 92.2% de participantes y depresión leve en 7.8%; en relación con la satisfacción laboral, los factores intrínsecos se presentaron en un rango de 27 a 47 puntos y los extrínsecos, con un rango de 34 a 54 puntos, la depresión y la satisfacción laboral tuvo una correlación de r=-0.40, p<0.01, indicando que a medida que los médicos experimentaron más satisfacción laboral presentaban relativamente menos depresión; no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto al sexo y grupo etario con depresión y satisfacción laboral. Conclusiones: no se reportó sintomatología depresiva moderada o grave, los participantes mostraron una alta satisfacción laboral. La edad y sexo de los participantes, durante uno de los picos más importantes de la pandemia de covid-19 en México, no se correlacionó con las dos variables de interés.