bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frequency of trap closure and capture of prey by Dionaea muscipula in the field
Authors: Williams Stephen E. , Scholl Bill
Published: February 2022

Measurements in the field on dry days indicate that when the traps of Dionaea muscipula (Venus’ flytraps) close, they capture prey about 40% of the time at one site and 44% at another. The 60% and 56% of traps that close but do not catch prey reach their maximum closure on average in about 10 minutes, begin reopening in about 7 hours and completely reopen in 22 hours. Traps that have captured prey tighten along their rims, sealing the lobes and forcing the margins outward into a “narrowed” condition that takes 4 to 6 hours to achieve. Reopening of narrowed traps begins, on average, after 9.2 days and they are fully open in 12.8 days. A few traps that capture large prey never reopen. In dry weather closure frequency of traps capable of closure was low, averaging 3.5%/day at one site and 3.1%/day at another. At both sites the capture frequency of traps capable of closing was only 1.4%/day. The low frequency of capture, and high percentage of closures that result in capture, indicate that the low capture frequency is due to a low number potential prey entering and triggering the trap rather than a low efficiency of capturing the prey that enters. Traps that close, but fail to capture prey, have been observed to be triggered by insects, spiders, snails, and even toads that were far too large to be captured. A few captured beetles have been observed to force their way out of trap lobes. Dionaea traps capture prey at all hours of the day. The capture frequencies are variable and are not significantly higher in any specific time period. Both nocturnal and diurnal animals were captured.
Pinguicula in the Lower 48: Habitat Notes
Authors: Rice Barry A.
Published: February 2022

Observations on habitat preferences of Pinguicula in the Lower 48 US states.
Coletânea História do Paraná
Authors:   PAULA, Andressa, PINHEIRO Ana ,   WEBER, Astor, WEINHARDT Otávio , CAMARGO José , PAIVA Valdemir , CAVANNA Federico , ROCHA Arléto , SANTOS José
Published: February 2022

A Coletânea História do Paraná reúne o resultado de pesquisas de dissertações de mestrado e doutorado para tratar de temas relacionados à História do Paraná. O objetivo da Coletânea é o de incentivar a reflexão da produção de conhecimento sobre diversas temáticas que envolvem o estudo da História do Paraná. As pesquisas aqui divulgadas não possuem um eixo temático comum de discussões, mas seus estudos transitam fundamentalmente em questões relacionadas à religiosidade, à modernidade, à docência, à tradição, à etnia-raça, à narrativa e à gênero. A preocupação da presente Coletânea é estimular discussões e apresentar produções de pesquisa que tratem sobre espaço de sociabilidades, conflitos e experiências que formam a identidade paranaense. As fontes para a compreensão das histórias presentes no contexto paranaense são amplas e estão presentes em organizadas em arquivos públicos ou privados ainda pouco explorados. Em vista desses apontamentos, esta Coletânea busca ser um espaço de divulgação de estudos que partam de diferentes perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas que focalizam o Paraná nas suas diversas relações na História e, dessa forma, colaborar com a ampliação da bibliografia sobre o estado.
Renal Injury and Dysfunction among HIV Positive Patients Receiving Tenofovir Based Anti-Retroviral Therapy
Authors: Bunpeth Wasin , Supasyndh Ouppatham , Satirapoj Bancha
Published: February 2022

The rate of renal disease among patients with HIV has decreased significantly since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Patients receiving tenofovir, disoproxil, fumarate (TDF) had an increased prevalence of proximal renal tubular dysfunction and injury but its clinical significance remain controversial. To difine the renal tubulopathy injury among patients with HIV with and without TDF. A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV positive patients receiving TDF (N= 176) and non TDF regimen (N= 146) at outpatient clinic. All patients were evaluated regarding serum creatinine, electrolytes, phosphate and differing urinary parameters (proteinuria, glycosuria and pyuria). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using CKD-EPI equation. Of 322 participants with mean age of 41.6+-11.4 years and HIV duration of 7.2+-4.3 years, the TDF and non TDF groups were similar on most clinical and demographic factors. GFR was 100.6+- 17.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 in TDF group and 97.5+- 19.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 in non-TDF group (p= 0.143). During evaluation, 3.4% of TDF patients vs. none of the non TDF-patients had hypophosphataemia (< 2.5 mg/dL), 3.9% of TDF-patients vs. 1.3% of non TDF had hypokalemia (< 3.5 mg/dL), and 0.68% of TDF-patients vs. none of non TDF patients had acidosis (< 18 mEq/L) with no statistically significant difference between groups. The proportion of patients with evidence of urine abnormalities was also similar in the two groups (Dipstick proteinuria > 1+, TDF: 17.6% vs. non-TDF 20.5%, p= 0.568, and pyuria; TDF: 27.3% vs. non TDF 20.5%, p= 0.192). Renal impairment, electrolyte disturbances and renal tubulopathy were uncommon among HIV positive patients receiving TDF-based antiretroviral therapy and did not significantly differ between TDF and non TDF regimens
EFFECT OF DELAYED CORD CLAMPING VERSUS CORD MILKING IN PRETERM INFANTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Trongkamonthum Tanai , Puangpaka Benjamaporn , Panichkul Prisana , Chamnanvanakij Sangkae
Published: February 2022

Background:Delayed cord clamping (DCC) is currently recommended for preterm infants to improve blood volume and decrease the rate of blood transfusion. Umbilical cord milking (CM) had similar advantages without interrupting neonatal resuscitation. However, the differences in neonatal outcomes between DCC and CM are not well elucidated. Objective:To compare neonatal outcomes between DCC and CM among preterm infants. Method:Infants born at 25-34 weeks of gestation were randomly allocated to one of two groups; group 1 received DCC for 60 seconds whereas group 2 received CM. Initial hemoglobin value was measured, while blood pressure and urine output were monitored. Neonatal complications and the rate of blood transfusion were recorded. Results: Twenty-two infants were enrolled in each group. No differences were observed regarding sex, gestational age, birth weight, mode of delivery, Apgar scores and rate of resuscitation between groups. The initial hemoglobin level of the DCC group [median 17.1 (13.1, 21.3) g/dL] did not differ from that of the CM group [median 17.1 (14.0, 22.5) g/dL], p=0.963. During the first 24 hours, no significant differences were observed regarding blood pressure and urine output between the groups. No differences were found in the rates of hypothermia, hyperbilirubinemia, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis and rate of blood transfusion. Conclusion:We demonstrated no different effects on neonatal outcomes between DCC and CM among preterm infants. CM can be applied as an alternative to DCC especially in emergency situations. However, larger studies are warranted to determine the effects and safety of CM among preterm infants.
LACK OF SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COMPONENT ALIGNMENT AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME IN TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Hadisoebroto Dilogo Ismail , Latief Wildan , Trimugroho Fahrudhin Muh
Published: February 2022

Background : Total hip replacement (THR) failure isinfluenced bythe prosthesis component orientation. The debate is still ongoing to determine the best angles for acetabular or femoral components. Objective :To evaluate the functional outcome and hip range of motion (ROM) post THR associated with Prosthesis orientationangle. Methods : This cross sectional analytical study was conducted at the RSUPN CiptoMangunkusumo HospitalJakartain July-September 2014, and selected 38 subjects among 83 primary THR treated through January 2008 – May 2014.Prosthesis orientationangle(acetabular abduction, acetabular anteversion, femoral anteversion and their combinations)are measured from AP and lateral radiographs. Functional outcomes are obtained from Harris Hip Score (HHS) and hip ROM, including Attahiyat praying position and squatting position. Results :There is no significant differences between prosthesis orientationanglesin safe and non-safe groups when compared with the HHS (p>0.05). There were no significant differences between component orientation angles with theROM, except on internal rotation at the safe zone (p=0.015). As many as 22.6%hip have the ability to perform Attahiyat and squatting with more at the non-safezoneacetabular abduction group (p=0.035). Conclusions :THR with prosthesis fixed in non-safe and safe zones of orientation gave similarly good functional outcomes. Non safe zone of acetabular abduction angle group show more internal rotation range of motion. Patient’s fear, habit, and obesity in performing such tasks were unable to be ruled out as confounders.
A STUDY OF THE GLYCEMIC INDEX OF THE MEDICAL FOOD NEO-MUNE
Authors: Buranapin Supawan
Published: February 2022

Objective: To study the glycemic index of a medical food Neo-Mune. Material and Methods: Ten healthy volunteers with normal pancreatic function were enrolled in this study. All eligible subjects were asked to return to the research center a week later to consume 50 grams of glucose solution and their plasma glucose levels were measured at 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the glucose consumption. A week after that, the same cohort consumed 94.97 g Neo-Mune (advised carbohydrate provision of 50 grams) and again, their plasma glucose levels were recorded at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after consumption. The glycemic index (GI) was calculated from the area under the glucose response curve of Neo-Mune divided by the area under the glucose response curve of the glucose solution, multiplied by 100. Results: The plasma glucose levels reached their highest levels at 30 minutes post-consumption and decreased gradually in both cases. However, the plasma glucose levels were lower at 30 and 60 minutes post Neo-Mune consumption compared to those after the glucose solution consumption. The GI of Neo-Mune was identified as 42.12, which classifies it as a low-GI food. Conclusion:Neo-Mune, a low-GI food, is expected to show a low postprandial glycemic excursion after consumption.
COURSE OF THE RADIAL NERVE IN THE VULNERABLE AREA ALONG THE SHAFT OF THE HUMERUS: A CADAVERIC STUDY
Authors: Kosiyatrakul Arkaphat , Phongthipakorn Phongsak , Chanpoo Malee , Luenam Suriya
Published: February 2022

Background: The radial nerve is the most commonly injured nerve associated with humeral fracture. Moreover, the nerve could be iatrogenically injured during fixation of the humerus.

Objective: The study aimed to identify the course of the radial nerve on the posterior and lateral aspects of the humerus.

Methods: Thirty-three adult embalmed cadaveric specimens were included in the study. The humeral length was determined as the distance between the posterior lateral aspect of the acromion and the lateral epicondyle. The distance between the lateral epicondyle to the posterior and lateral course of the nerve were measured.

Results: The average humeral length was 27.7 (±1.8) cm. The mean distance between the lateral epicondyle and posteromedial point, midposterior point, posterolateral point,        midlateral point and anterolateral point were 17.4 (±1.2), 15.2 (±1.0), 12.7 (±0.8), 9.5 (±1.0) and 6.4 (±0.8) cm, respectively.

Conclusion: The high variation of the course of the radial nerve along the humerus was confirmed. The results in the present study can be used as a guide to determine the posterior and lateral course of the radial nerve during surgical exploration and prevent the nerve from iatrogenic injury during orthopedic operation.
RECOVERY OF HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL FOLLOWING TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY WITH PERIARTICULAR EPINEPHRINE INJECTION
Authors: Heebthamai Danai , Aegakkatajit Noppadol , Chotanaphuti Thanainit , Khuangsirikul Saradej
Published: February 2022

Background:  Anemia is one of the common complications occurring after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A periarticular epinephrine injection could reduce intraoperative blood loss after TKA. However, the duration of hemoglobin recovery to preoperative level remains uncertain. The hypothesis was based on the concept that epinephrine affects vasoconstriction and reduces blood loss. This study was conducted to compare the duration of hemoglobin recovery to preoperative level between periarticular epinephrine injection and periarticular nonepinephrine injection groups and postoperative blood transfusion.

Methods: A total of 141 participants were randomized to receive a periarticular epinephrine and bupivacaine injection (epinephrine group) or periarticular bupivacaine injection (non-epinephrine group) among patients undergoing TKA. The solution consisted of 10 g of epinephrine 1 ml and 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine. In another group, the solution consisted of 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine alone.  All TKAs were managed under spinal anesthesia using a femoral nerve block. Preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels were assessed 1-day, 3-day and monthly until 6 months. Blood loss and the duration of Hb recovery to preoperative level were compared between the two groups.

Results: The percentage of Hb loss was slightly higher in the epinephrine group than that in the nonepinephrine group but without significance (13.4 ± 6.6% vs. 13.01 ± 5.01%; p=0.703). The duration of Hb recovery to preoperative level was about the same in the epinephrine and nonepinephrine groups (2.52 ± 1.080 months vs. 2.56 ± 1.089 months; p=0.855). The calculated total blood loss in the epinephrine group was lower than that in the nonepinephrine group (570 ± 302 mL vs. 573 ± 228 mL; p=0.955). In this study, surgery was performed without blood transfusions.

Conclusion: The duration of Hb recovery to preoperative level was 2.5 months which was about the same in both groups. Epinephrine injection did not decrease total blood volume loss after TKA under spinal anesthesia.
EFFECTIVENESS OF EARLY BALANCE EXERCISES ON TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Oo Phyu Sin , Win Than , Mai Brang , Tint Tun Myo , Htwe Cho Cho
Published: February 2022

Background: Patients receiving total hip arthroplasty (THA) without a rehabilitation program could develop functional limitation within one year after surgery. Exercise for balance control is critical for mobility, physical function, and prevention of falls. Few studies have investigated the effectiveness of balance training among THA patients.Objective: The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of early balance exercises on THA.Methods: This study was a randomized control study for 30 patients undergoing unilateral THA. The postoperative rehabilitation program was started at the second postoperative day for every patient. All the postoperative patients were randomly assigned and equally allocated to balance and conventional groups. Patients in the balance group received typical exercises and balance exercises while those in the conventional group received typical exercises alone. Assessments were taken at postoperative day 2 (baseline) and week 5 using Breg Balance Scale for balance and Times Up and Go Test for ambulatory function. The differences between the two groups were analyzed.Results: Statistically significant improvements were noted at the end of treatment by all outcome measures in both groups (p<0.05). However, the balance group showed better improvement in all outcome measures than the conventional group after the intervention period (p<0.05)Conclusion: Early balance exercises added to typical exercises were more effective than conventional exercises in terms of improving balance and ambulatory function among patients with THA.
PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN RURAL COMMUNITIES, CENTRAL THAILAND: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Yaimai Wassamon , Oopakarn Kanokwan , Phumvichitr Chatsiri , Anukulkijkuส Charita , Pornnoparat Napat , Yindeepolcharoen Natnicha , Outhong Tananchol , Charoenjai Napak , Rachapongthai Narisara , Teerapunvikul Rattanun , Ruanma Sarun , Soontrapornchai Supakorn , Srimahachota Sutinee , Rattanasumavong Wanida , Rangsin Ram , Sakboonyarat Boonsub
Published: February 2022

Background: Substance abuse is one serious social challenge that has continued to in crease over a long time. This major problem currently affects society, the economy and national development. One related study conducted in southern Thailand found that the prevalence of substance abuse in youth groups was 7% in 2002 increasing to 9% and 13% in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Nevertheless, information regrading substance abuse among adolescents in Thailand remains limited especially in remote rural communities. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors concerning substance abuse.

Methods: The percent study was conducted in 2 high schools in rural communities, Chachoengsao and Sa Kaeo Provinces, central Thailand. A cross-sectional quantitative study identified the prevalence and associated factors of substance abuse among adolescents, A standardized self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data including demographic characteristics, history of substance abuse and associated factors. Multivariate analysis was performed to adjust confounders using logistic regression analysis.

Results: The sample size of the study totaled 652 adolescents. The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse was 24.4% while the one-year prevalence of substance abuse was 16.7%. After adjusting for potential confounders, the risk factors associated with one year substance abuse among adolescents were being male (AORs; 2.19, 95%CI; 1.16-4.116), friend inducement (AORs; 3.28, 95%CI; 1.64-6.55), smoking (AORs; 3.22, 95%CI; 1.50-6.90) and alcohol consumption (AORs; 4.46, 95%CI; 2.43-8.16).

Conclusion: Our data emphasized that substance abuse was a problem in these rural communities, Public health interventions aimed to prevent substance abuse among adolescents should be designed and provided for these rural communities. Further, schools should provide lessons how to negotiate and avoid coercion when being induced to abuse substances or other unhealthy and dangerous behaviors.
E-Waste and Its Consequence for Environment and Public Health: Perspectives in Covid-19 Pandemic Times
Authors: Ribeiro Joselito Nardy , Melo Barbosa Angelo Fernando , Nardy Ribeiro Araceli Veronica Flores , Godoi Pereira Madson de , de Oliveira Jairo Pinto , Zordan Alan Bragança , da Silva André Romero
Published: February 2022

Every year the electronics industry increases its production and earns billions of dollars. This increase is associated to the growth electronic waste production that, unfortunately, is not followed by the proportional recycling increase. An extensive quantity of e-waste containing several toxic chemical residues, that provoke serious toxic effects for human health, is released in the environment every day. This work it is a mini review about the issue of electronic waste production and its chemical contamination capacity for soil, water, plants, animals, food, and humans. Finally, this mini-review finalize with a small reflection about e-waste in Covid-19's Pandemic times.
Inferences About a Quantile Shift Measure of Effect Size When There Is a Covariate
Authors: Wilcox Rand R.
Published: February 2022

When comparing two independent groups, a possible appeal of the quantile shift measure of effect size is that its magnitude takes into account situations where one or both distributions are skewed. Extant results indicate that a percentile bootstrap method performs reasonably well given the goal of making inferences about this measure of effect size. The goal here is to suggest a method for making inferences about this measure of effect size when there is a covariate. The method is illustrated with data dealing with the wellbeing of older adults.
A Review of the Costs of Assault, Homicide, Mass Murder and Pedophilia with Implications for the Insurance Industry and the U.S. Roman Catholic Church: A Rationale for Using Computer Tests and Machine Learning Equations
Authors: Zagar Robert John , Garbarino James , Randmark Brad , Singh Ishup , Kovach Joseph , Cenzon Emma , Benko Michael , Tippins Steve , G. Busch Kenneth
Published: February 2022

20 May 2021 U.S. dollar cost for assault = $33,773.52; homicide, $3,834,988.08, domestic terror, mass murder, spree-shooting, 3 dead, $11,504,964.24, pedophilia, $139,430.28. Over 85 years, domestic-terror, mass-murder, spree-shooter assaults cost = 1 to 5,000. $33,773.52 x 5,000 = $168,867,600; dead victims = from 1 to 1,000. $3,834,988.08 x 1,000 = $3,834,988,080. 1936-2021 U.S. insurance industry mass murder costs = [$2,416,042,490 (630 @ $3,834,988.08) + $6,327,730,332 (1,650 @ $3,834,988.08) + $105,474,702.96 (3,123 @ $33,773.52) = $8,849,247,525.36] + [insurance, tax-increases $11,504,021,782.97 ($8,849,247,525.36 x 1.3] =$20,353,269,317.93. Projecting 2021 to 2105 insurance industry no policy change (i.e., computer tests, machine learning equations), $40,706,538,616.66, 3,330 deaths, 6,246 injuries, 388 suicides. U.S. Roman Catholic Church pedophilia costs, 1986-2011, $2,486,898,000, payouts + lost-donations [($2,486,898,000.00 x 1.3) = $3,232,967,400 = $5,719,865,400 + 5,679 x 5 = 28,395 victims]. Projecting 2017 U.S. Church (2012-2037, 2038-2056, 2057-2082, 2083-2107), $5,719,865,400 x 5 = $28,599,327,000, 5,679 x 5 = 28,395 victims.
Climate Change Mitigation and Human Flourishing: Recovering Teleology, Avoiding Tyranny
Authors: Tyson Paul
Published: February 2022

It is most unlikely that adjusting to a 1.5 to 2 degree hotter world is possible within the prevailing political and economic norms of our times. In our post-capitalist times we need to modify modern technological market “liberalism” (which has become, actually, techno-feudalism). If we do not modify our present norms, the collapse of the natural means of power and privilege native to our present world order makes it almost inevitable that democratic liberalism will devolve further into a distinctly anti-liberal species of techno-tyranny. To avoid such a dystopian future, this paper explores how we might re-imagine our global politico-economic norms without embracing techno-tyranny. The argument put forward is that modern liberalism makes the means of personal wealth accumulation and private freedom, the end of public life. This confusion of means with ends implies, ironically, that if our means become unviable, we have no way of aiming at valuable human ends by different means. We have a culturally assumed faulty teleology in political economics and in our philosophy of technology. A revised form of Aristotle’s teleology is proposed whereby an understanding of common human flourishing defines human ends, and where a range of new means could then be pursued to achieve that end, respecting the natural limitations on means that are now upon us.
Architektura ogrodów dachowych.
Badania jakościowe w Sky Garden w Londynie
Authors: Winnicka-Jasłowska Dorota , Tkaczuk Sabrina
Published: February 2022

Przedmiotem badań jest ogród dachowy jako przestrzeń ogólnodostępna, zlokalizowana na budynkach miejskich. Ogrody położone na dachach to rodzaj przestrzeni przeznaczonej do przebywania ludzi, która zajmuje znaczącą pod względem wielkości powierzchnię dachu budynków takich jak biurowce, hotele i galerie handlowe. Jako stosunkowo nowy rodzaj przestrzeni użytkowej cieszy się dużym zainteresowaniem ze strony odwiedzających osób, co wykazały badania przeprowadzone przez Autorki. Ogrody położone na zwieńczeniach budynków zyskują coraz większą popularność, a ich rozwiązania postrzegane są jako atrakcyjne i nowatorskie. Zielone dachy w istotny sposób poprawiają warunki środowiska przyrodniczego w mocno zurbanizowanym mieście, podnoszą atrakcyjność obiektów, stanowią również ciekawą alternatywę dla tradycyjnych miejsc rekreacyjnych.
Artykuł prezentuje omówienie badań przeprowadzonych w Sky Garden w Londynie. Badania ankietowe oraz obserwacyjne dotyczyły: atrakcyjności i walorów estetycznych miejsca, rozwiązań funkcjonalno-przestrzennych, aspektów związanych z dostępnością oraz oceny poziomu popularności tego miejsca wśród użytkowników.
Zagadnienia architektoniczno-
-urbanistyczne projektowania
Centrów Usług Społecznych
na wybranych przykładach
Authors: Labus Agnieszka , Tomas Oliwia
Published: February 2022

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy problematyki Centrów Usług Społecznych (CUS) jako nowej formy organizowania wsparcia dla mieszkańców społeczności lokalnej na wybranych przykładach z całego świata. Autorki metodą studium przypadku analizują zagadnienia urbanistyczno-architektoniczne związane z projektowaniem Centrów Usług Społecznych, zgodnie ze współczesnym podejściem i standardami. Efektem artykułu jest sformułowanie wytycznych projektowych w zakresie lokalizacji, zagospodarowania działki, programu funkcjonalno-
-przestrzennego, a także przestrzeni wspólnych w ramach określonych typów CUS-ów. Wytyczne te mogą być przydatnym narzędziem dla tworzenia CUS-ów w Polsce, w związku z ustawą z dnia 19 lipca 2019 r.
o realizowaniu usług społecznych przez centrum usług społecznych (Dz.U. 2019 poz. 1818).
PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AS REGARDS PERSONS PRACTISING SPORTS ACTIVITY
Authors: Górski Marcin
Published: February 2022

This essay presents argumentation leading to the conclusion that sports activity is an element of the right to privacy protected inter alia by Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights, while it covers aspects of an individuals’ self-development and their interaction with other individuals. As a result, it can therefore be argued that the right to privacy protects, as a matter of principle, the right of an individual to play sports. At the same time, this article deals with issues related to the specificity of sports activity in the context of the protection of fundamental rights.
INTERNET HATE AS AN INSULT AND DEFAMATION
Authors: Ziemian Kamila Marlena
Published: February 2022

The development of modern technologies and the digitization of society contributed to the emergence of a negative social phenomenon such as internet hate. The modus operandi of Internet haters, consisting in posting critical, ridiculing, insulting statements with the use of Internet tools, results in a deceptive belief in the perpetrator’s impunity, which is why Internet hate has been hailed as a modern trend of the Internet environment, having a negative impact on society. Therefore, the doctrine raised the question whether the legislator should not penalize it due to the scale of internet hate. The aim of this article is to analyze the tools proposed by the current wording of criminal law, allowing for an effective fight against the above social phenomenon. The author will analyze the types of crimes, the features of which can be fulfilled by internet hate, focusing her attention on the values protected by the criminal law system. In the course of the publication, an attempt will be made to answer the question whether the current wording of the provisions of the Penal Code sufficiently penalizes, prevents and enables the prosecution of perpetrators of internet hate, or whether it is necessary to introduce changes to the content of the Penal Code.
THE INSTITUTION OF CONSENT OF ON THE EXAMPLE OF STERILIZATION TREATMENT
Authors: Kadyszewski Borys
Published: February 2022

The article is an analysis from the theoretical and dogmatic point of view of the institution of consent which both in Polish and foreign criminal law doctrine, constitutes the axis of a significant dispute concerning both specific issues, such as the scope of legal goods that an individual can freely dispose of and issues of a more general nature, such as the dogmatic structure of crime. The author referring to the example of incapacitating procedures such as vasectomy or laparoscopy exposes the most important problems of a dogmatic as well as theoretical nature related to the title issue. At the same time author presents his own position on placing the consent in the dogmatic structure of a crime and also takes the floor on the sometimes raised issue of introducing the institution of consent into the penal code.
Convolutional Neural Networks as Context-Scraping Tools in Architecture and Urban Planning
Authors: Dzieduszyński Tomasz
Published: February 2022

Data s craping” i s a t erm usually used in Web browsing to refer to the automated process of data extraction from websites or interfaces designed for human use. Currently, nearly two thirds of Net traffic are generated by bots rather than humans. Similarly, Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can be used as artificial agents scraping cities for relevant contexts. The convolutional filters, which distinguish CNNs from the Fully-connected Neural Networks (FNNs), make them very promising candidates for feature detection in the abundant and easily accessible smart-city data consisting of GIS and BIM models, as well as satellite imagery and sensory outputs. These new, convolutional city users could roam the abstract, digitized spaces of our cities to provide insight into the architectural and urban contexts relevant to design and management processes. This article presents the results of a query of the state-of-the-art applications of Convolutional Neural Networks as architectural “city scrapers” and proposes a new, experimental framework for utilization of CNNs in context scraping in urban scale.
A GLOSS TO THE JUDGMENT OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE OF APRIL 15, 2021 IN THE CASE OF HENGSTENBERG GMBH & CO. KG V SPREEWALDVEREIN (C-53/20)
Authors: Marszałek Joanna
Published: February 2022

In this commentary the author presented a judgment in which the European Court of Justice answered the question referred for a preliminary ruling by interpreting the concept of “legitimate interest”, as referred to in art. 49 sec. 3 first subparagraph and par. 4, second paragraph of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012. The author’s aim was to analyse the judgment and the interpretation of the concept. In author’s opinion, the statement of the ECJ should be assessed positively in so far as
it pointed to the obligation of national authorities to refer to the facts of a specific case each time and to the necessity to state that this interest is not improbable and hypothetical. However, the broad interpretation of the concept of “legitimate interest” and the extension of the group of people who have the right to object to the producers to an unlimited extent, were, however, criticized by the author.
Mengenal Konsep Quality Tourism
Authors: Latif Aqilah Nurul Khaerani
Published: February 2022

Tren pariwisata massal yang selama ini menjadi andalan untuk mengejar kuantitas wisatawan mulai berubah menjadi pariwisata berkualitas (quality tourism) seiring pandemi Covid-19 yang berkepanjangan saat ini. Quality tourism ini juga mendorong penerapan prinsip-prinsip pariwisata berkelanjutan di suatu destinasi wisata yang tidak hanya mementingkan dampak ekonomi, melainkan mempertimbangkan dampak lingkungan maupun dampak sosialnya. Oleh karena itu, penting mempertimbangkan tiga aspek ini dalam mengukur penerapan quality tourism (Nurjaya & Kanca, 2020), yaitu quality of experiences, quality of profit, dan quality of life.
Pariwisata Super Premium di Labuan Bajo
Authors: Andjelicus Paul J.
Published: February 2022

Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional (KSPN) Labuan Bajo telah ditetapkan menjadi Destinasi Super Prioritas (DSP) sehingga pengembangan kepariwisataan diharapkan menerapkan konsep pariwisata berkualitas. Adapun 4 sasaran utama pengembangannya meliputi 1). Nilai tambah sektor pariwisata, 2) Peningkatan devisa pariwisata, 3). Kesiapan destinasi, industri, dan masyarakat, 4). Peningkatan kapasitas SDM pariwisata di Indonesia. Untuk menunjang hal tersebut, penerapan konsep quality tourism memerlukan beberapa syarat, seperti infrastruktur, konektivitas, pemasaran, hingga daya tarik pariwisata itu sendiri.
Kampung Adat Cireundeu Tawarkan Quality Tourism Melalui Wisata Pedesaan
Authors: Agoes Adrian , Agustiani Nur
Published: February 2022

Wisata perdesaan merupakan bentuk wisata yang sangat mendukung quality tourism. Seperti yang dialami penulis saat mengikuti aktivitas wisata perdesaan ke Kampung Adat Cireundeu yang sarat dengan filosofi leluhur Sunda. Warga adat yang menjadi pemandu perjalanan wisata ini menawarkan pengalaman yang tidak sekedar jalan-jalan, namun dipenuhi pengayaan wawasan.
Growth Dynamics of Value-Added Tax Revenue in Ghana
Authors: Kwaw Andoh Francis , E. Osoro Nehemiah , Luvanda Eliab
Published: February 2022

The introduction of the value-added tax (VAT) to replace the sales tax in 1995 was one of the key policy steps undertaken by the government of Ghana (GoG) to further deepen and sustain the efficiency of Ghana’s tax system to boost tax revenue. This study uses quarterly data from 2000 to 2014 and employs dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) and Divisia Index approaches to examine the growth of Ghana’s VAT revenues and how this growth is affected by discretionary tax measures. On the whole, the study finds that all of the measures of VAT revenue (total VAT, domestic VAT, and import VAT) have experienced some growth. Growth in total VAT and import VAT is driven strongly by growth in the base, while that of the domestic VAT is driven by both discretionary tax measures and the tax base. Discretionary tax measures are found to have a depressive effect on both total VAT and import VAT revenue growth.
Firm Performance and Family Related Directors: Empirical Evidence from an Emerging Market
Authors: Hussain Hafezali Iqbal , Ali Azlan , Thaker Hassanudin Mohd Thas , Ali Mohsin
Published: February 2022

Board composition is central to the worldwide corporate governance reforms that have taken place in recent years. The strong emphasis on director independence and board leadership is now part of all corporate governance regimes, including the regimes which has been introduced in Malaysia. It is the effectiveness of such provisions in the Malaysian business environment that provides the motivation for this paper. The literature shows mixed findings on the issues of board independence and board leadership. Our paper studies the role of directors with family connections and its impact on financial outcomes. We find that firms with a high presence of family related directors exhibit superior accounting profitability. However, such dominance is negatively viewed by the market (firm performance based on market measures), indicating that markets tend to perceive that domination of family members on the board could potentially lead to expropriation of wealth at the expense of other shareholders. Our results are supported by additional robustness tests. The findings provide interesting insights into the governance mechanisms of firms in an emerging market and its consequences for investor perceptions. Further implications are also discussed.
Projeto conceitual de um veículo semiautônomo para sondagem remota de variáveis ambientais
Authors: Figueredo Edel Mary Quinn de Oliveira , Marinho George Santos
Published: February 2022

Apresenta-se a concepção de um veículo semiautônomo para exploração ambiental, projetado para coletar e transmitir dados de variáveis do solo (umidade e salinidade). O projeto foi concebido considerando-se um veículo capaz de deslocar-se em áreas com potencial de desertificação, previamente identificadas em imagens de satélites, e auxiliar à caracterização de ambientes por intercomparação de dados. Também poderá fazer parte de um sistema espacial de coleta localizada, transmissão via satélite e recepção de dados em um centro de controle de missão. A partir das explorações por meio do veículo, considera-se a possibilidade de apoio a projetos de recuperação e manejo de solo, viabilizando o uso sustentável do solo.
Aprendizado por Reforço Profundo para Navegação sem Mapa de um Veículo Híbrido Aéreo-Aquático
Authors: Grando Ricardo B. , Drews-Jr Paulo L. J.
Published: February 2022

Realizar a navegação entre meios é uma tarefa desafiadora para robôs móveis híbridos, especialmente em cenários com obstáculos. Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem baseada em aprendizado por reforço profundo (Deep-RL) para navegação autônoma de um tipo específico de robô móvel híbrido: um Veículo Híbrido Tipo Ar-Água (HUAUV). A abordagem proposta utiliza somente informação de sensores de distância e de informações relativas à localização do veículo para realizar a navegação. Resultados obtidos mostram que é possível realizar navegação sem mapa do início ao fim sem usar nenhum tipo de operação manual, somente utilizando os agentes baseados em Deep-RL. A navegação dos agentes treinados é comparada com a navegação sem mapa realizada por um algoritmo clássico - BUG2. A abordagem é baseada em dois métodos do estado da arte para navegação sem mapa de robôs terrestres: Política de Gradiente Determinístico Profundo (DDPG) e Soft Actor-Critic (SAC).
ARENA - Plataforma para Experimentação de Sistemas Multi-Robôs em Ambientes Industriais
Authors: Limeira Marcelo , Oliveira André Schneider de
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho apresenta a ARENA - uma plataforma para experimentação de comportamentos avançados em armazéns inteligentes. O método proposto consiste na reprodução de um armazém em escala reduzida gerenciado por um grupo de empilhadeiras autônomas, representadas por um enxame de micro robôs compatível com a arquitetura ROS (Robot Operating System). A realidade aumentada (RA) é empregada para aprimorar os recursos da plataforma, permitindo que ela apresente características inviabilizadas pelo tamanho reduzido de seus elementos ou devido ao custo, como a movimentação de mercadorias e a implementação de determinados sensores.
Kinematics and Workspace Atlas of 3-PSS/7R Hybrid Redundantly Driven Mechanism
Authors: ZHANG Qisheng , LI Ruiqin , LIANG Jingjing
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the problem that the traditional hybrid-driven mechanism is limited to planar mechanism, the paper presents a 3-PSS/7R Hybrid and Redundantly Driven Mechanism (HRDM for short), which takes advantage of hybrid driven and redundantly driven mechanism, driven by both constant velocity motor and servo motor. The mechanism consists of three PSS limbs with 6-DOF and a middle constrained limb with 7R configuration. The moving platform is constrained to 3-DOF motion. The kinematics model of the mechanism is established, and the kinematics analysis of 3-PSS/7R mechanism is carried out. The Jacobian matrix of the inverse kinematics is derived. The factors that affect the workspace are analyzed .The workspace of the HRDM is solved and verified using numerical method, and the workspace atlas with different orientation angles is obtained.
James Duff Brown: A Librarian Committed to the Public Library and the Subject Classification
Authors: Sales Rodrigo de , Martínez-Ávila Daniel , Guimarães José Augusto Chaves
Published: February 2022

After two decades in the 21st Century, and despite all the advances in the area, some very important names from past centuries still do not have the recognition they deserve in the global history of library and information science and, specifically, of knowledge organization. Although acknowledged in British librarianship, the name of James Duff Brown (1862-1914) still does not have a proper recognition on a global scale. His contributions to a free and more democratic library had a prominent place in the works and projects he developed during his time at the libraries of Clerkenwell and Islington in London. Free access to the library shelves, an architecture centered on books and people, and classifications that are more dynamic were dreams fulfilled by Brown. With this biographical article, we hope to live up to his legacy and pay homage to a true librarian and an advocate of the public library and subject classification.
Hessenmodell SaN – Ein Schnittstellenprojekt zur ambulanten Notfallversorgung
Authors: Starke Eckhard , Lampferhoff Julia
Published: February 2022

Der Reformbedarf der Notfallversorgung in Deutschland ist anerkannt - das zeigen die intensiv diskutierten Defizite. Bezüglich der Frage nach der Notwendigkeit einer unmittelbaren Behandlung bedarf es einer Beurteilung durch ein Ersteinschätzungsverfahren, um die Dringlichkeit und die Behandlungsebene verlässlich einordnen zu können. Daran anknüpfend stellt sich die Frage einer sinnvollen Patientensteuerung, die den medizinisch notwendigen Bedürfnissen der Patienten gerecht wird. Der Beitrag stellt das hessische Projekt „Sektorenübergreifende ambulante Notfallversorgung“ - SaN vor.
Protestant Christian Supremacy and Status Inequality
Authors: Mahoney Jon ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2022

In the United States, Protestant Christian identity is the dominant religious identity. Protestant Christian identity confers status privileges, yet also creates objectionable status inequalities. Historical and contemporary evidence includes the unfair treatment of Mormons, Native Americans, Muslims, and other religious minorities. Protestant Christian supremacy also plays a significant role in bolstering anti LGBTQ prejudice, xenophobia, and white supremacy. Ways that Protestant Christian identity correlates with objectionable status inequalities are often neglected in contemporary political philosophy. This paper aims to make a modest contribution towards filling that gap. Some forms of inequality linked to Protestant Christian supremacy can be characterized as domination and oppression. Other instances include barriers to fair equality of opportunity for self-determination. Adapting ideas from egalitarian political philosophy I propose an analysis of objectionable status inequality rooted in Protestant Christian supremacy. Alan Patten’s defense of an egalitarian principle for assessing the effects of law and policy is helpful for this task.
Sacramental Signification and Ecclesial Exteriority
Authors: Purcell Michael ,   Romanian Society for Phenomenology
Published: February 2022

“Sacramenta propter homines.” This classic statement situates sacraments within a human existential in which meaning and reality consort. Sacramental reality is meaningful reality. Sacraments signify, but they signify in an ecclesial or intersubjective context. Sacraments phenomenalise themselves ecclesially. Apposing Marion and Derrida on the nature of sign and signification gives the possibility of considering sacramental reality on the basis of ecclesial exteriority.
Du mode d’existence païenne selon Levinas
Authors: Baba Tomokazu ,   Romanian Society for Phenomenology
Published: February 2022

The religious terminologies in Levinas’ philosophy are not used in frivolous way but transformed into his own philosophical notions. His concept of “paganism” is the one of the example of these reformulations. “Being pagan” is firstly a key concept for his critique of National Socialism in 1930’s, secondly for his phenomenological argument on the fundamental mode of being of human existence. In a philosophically subtle relationship with his master Heidegger, what we call “the mode of being pagan” functions as an important moment in Levinas’ thought before Otherwise than Being. In this paper, the seemingly peculiar notion of paganism and its role will be clarified in relation to a general character of his philosophy, from theological, historical and phenomenological point of view.
Theological and Philosophical Transcendence
Authors: Faulconer James E. ,   Romanian Society for Phenomenology
Published: February 2022

For Husserl excess is a part of any phenomenon. For Heidegger the horizon of the phenomenon is also excessive. Levinas and Marion ask us to think about what exceeds the horizon. I focus on Marion’s fifth kind of saturated (transcendent) phenomenon, revelation. How are we to understand it? Marion says he argues only for the possibility of revelation, but only Jesus could be the revelation for which he argues. The excess of the divine cannot remain merely a metaphysical beyond. It must reveal itself in the world as a possible phenomenon, as Flesh, for there is no excess without flesh, and no flesh without being. Excess is either enfleshed or thingly excess. For the Christian this being-together of flesh and word in God means the same being-together in us: Christian life is fully incarnate life, life as enspirited flesh rather than as dead body. Thus the being-together of flesh and word is “in the accusative”. Christian life is, prior to action, a life of submission. That, however, explicitly puts Christian belief and practice at odds with any unrecuperated, merely metaphysical metaphysics which undercuts not only the Christian dogma of Christ’s incarnation and incarnate resurrection, but also the Christian message that the divine life is found only in the life that bends its knee and seeks to bring about justice: dikaiosunae.
Kierkegaard on Temporality and God Incarnate
Authors: Stan Leo ,   Romanian Society for Phenomenology
Published: February 2022

The following essay tackles Søren Kierkegaard’s view of temporality within a phenomenological vista. It proceeds by differentiating between an aesthetic, an ethical, and a religious relationality to time in step with Kierkegaard’s Christology and especially, with his notion of “sacred history,” largely unexplored in the scholarship. My fundamental hermeneutic assumption is that Kierkegaard’s stress on Christ’s historicity and the subsequent human task of imitation are properly understood only in a soteriological framework. That is why temporality should be conceived against the backdrop of the singular self’s pursuit of redemption. My thesis will be that, since one’s encounter with the God-man is essentially historical, whilst engaging human temporality in its wholeness (i.e., selfhood’s past, present, and future), Kierkegaard’s soteriology is highly relevant for a phenomenology of Christianity, which still awaits its philosophical unfolding.
Subjects in Love
Authors: Justaert Kristien ,   Romanian Society for Phenomenology
Published: February 2022

In this article I contend that although Michel Henry reproaches psychoanalysis to let the symbolic law rule over the unconscious, his concept of auto-affection as a direct experience of Life comes close to psychoanalyst Julia Kristeva’s idea of eros, in that they both turn away from representational logic in their search for “true”, unmediated forms of subjectivity. In her development of the concept of eros or narcissism, Kristeva is strongly inspired by the Plotinus. In his striving for unification with the One, man idealizes and identifies with the One. Kristeva replaces this idealizing love inside man’s psyche and thus defines the narcissistic structure as an identification with something that is not yet the subject itself. This process takes place in a non-representational domain, in what can be called the “consciousness of the flesh”. However, although the existence of a “bodily” consciousness is the condition of possibility for intersubjective love, not everything is simply absorbed by this consciousness of the flesh: both Kristeva and Plotinus draw upon a kind of dualism between representational and non-representational, maybe not in the experience, but in their explanation of love.
Water Jet Propulsion-Operational Experience from Large Installations
Authors: Svensson Rolf
Published: February 2022

To make a power prediction for a propeller driven vessel the hull resistance is usually first determined by separate tests. After that the thrust deduction, wake fraction and relative rotative efficiency are determined in self propulsion tests. After scale effects have been taken into consideration also the model basin's statistical correlation factors are usually put on top of that to predict the required power and shaft speed for the full scale vessel. Theoretically the same procedure could be used for water jet propelled craft. However the measurements involved in the self propulsion tests with water jets, like flow rate measurements must be extremely accurate to give a reliable end result. Further scale effects are more difficult to predict. By extensive testing in the Kamewa' s cavitation tunnels as well as in full scale Kamewa has developed software that very accurately predicts full scale flow rates and shaft speed for given shaft power and ship speed.