bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of solubility of paclitaxel by applying factorial design
Authors: Baghel Pragya , Roy Amit , Verma Shekhar , Satapathy Trilochan , Bahadur Sanjib
Published: December 2021

Background:

The poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability of antineoplastic drugs restrict the oral route for the cancer therapy. However, specific nanotechnologies developed to address this issue. The self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) is an imperative tool in solving a lipophilic drug's low solubility and bioavailability issue. Paclitaxel (PTX) is an antineoplastic drug used to treat various kinds of cancer, especially ovarian and breast cancers. It has low aqueous solubility (0.3 μg/ml in water), resulting in poor bioavailability. This study focuses upon formulating SMEDDS incorporating PTX to increase the drug's aqueous solubility. Castor oil (Surfactant), Tween 80 (surfactant), and Transcutol (co-surfactant) were used to formulate SMEDDS. Two independent factors, concentrations of oil and surfactant, were chosen. Two dependent factors, emulsification time and in vitro drug release, were chosen. 32 factorial design analyses give a mathematical expression, which helps to study the effect of an independent factor on a dependent factor. All the nine formulations B1-B9 evaluated for globule size, zeta potential, and present drug content.

Results:

The globule size found is 127–217 nm range, which indicates the formation of the transparent microemulsion; zeta potential fields between −4.29 ± 1.1 and −33.05 ± 4.5 indicate suitable stable formulation. Nearly 63%–84% drug content suggests that the drug, incorporated into prepared SMEDDS. Statistical analysis shows that an increasing amount of surfactant decreases emulsification time; this may also reduce the average droplet size of the resultant microemulsion. With the increase in the concentration of tween 80, PTX release also increased. Rapid and more extent of PTX released from formulated SMEDDS indicate that the aqueous solubility of PTX has increased. B9 formulation is the optimized formulation based on higher per cent cumulative drug release 98% at the end of 60 min, 58% of pure PTX powder solubilized in the dissolution medium.

Conclusion:

In vitro drug release study proved that the prepared SMEDDS has acceptable properties of immediate release dosage forms. The enhanced solubility of PTX will increase its bioavailability.
Wernicke's encephalopathy in a child with abdominal tuberculosis
Authors: Sabharwal R. K. , Kumar Praveen , Sud Seema , Kasawala Krishna Janakbhai
Published: December 2021

Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological disorder, potentially fatal if untreated, caused by thiamine deficiency. A 15-year-old female patient with choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis and abdominal tuberculosis on antitubercular therapy presented with poor oral intake, bilious vomiting and encephalopathy. A prompt diagnosis of WE was made and confirmed by brain magnetic resonance imaging. The patient recovered completely after the administration of thiamine.
Magnetic resonance imaging texture analysis of unilateral lateral pterygoid myospasm in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders: A pilot study
Authors: Li Chenxi , Liu Xu , Muhetaer Baihetinuer , Jumatai Sakendeke , Gong Zhongcheng
Published: December 2021

Background and Purpose:

Lots of clinical observations have found that there is a close relationship between the pathological changes of lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) and temporomandibular disc displacement. On medical images, unfortunately, these occult dysfunctions of LPM could scarcely be detected by naked eyes. As the presence of intrinsic properties of the human body, textural feature is capable to effectively discover the subtle functional changes of involved tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the lateral pterygoid myospasm in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) applying magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) texture analysis.

Patients and Methods:

From December 2019 to October 2020, totally nine patients suffered from unilateral spasm of LPM (which is a subtype of TMD) were evaluated by MRI, who were consecutively recruited from Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital. Gray-level co-occurrence matrix method was used to analyze the textural features of MRI T2-weighted images with the maximum area of LPM scanned at axial (closed-mouth) plane. Independent samples t-test was performed to compare the relevant parameters of bilateral LPMs (healthy- and affected-side of one individual self-controlled trial).

Results:

There were no statistically significant values between the two sides of angular second moment, inversed differential moment, and entropy (P > 0.05). The contrast of the healthy-side (267.983 ± 45.952) was significantly higher than that of the affected-side (210.003 ± 29.613) (P < 0.05); and the autocorrelation of the healthy-side (4.536 ± 0.819) was significantly lower than that of the affected-side (6.563 ± 1.653) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The texture contrast and autocorrelation have certain clinical meanings of diagnosis since they could identify the altered status of LPM, and could be considered as the efficient imaging biomarkers to assess LPM changes in patients with TMD.
Application and advantages of three dimensional printing technique in anteversion evaluation of total hip arthroplasty in patients with lumbar degenerative disease
Authors: He Guowen , Gao Dawei , Chen Liang
Published: December 2021

In recent years, the application of three-dimensional printing (3DP) in the field of medicine has been expanding and has become the focus of clinical research and application. The 3D reconstruction and 1:1 model can be used to analyze and evaluate the prosthesis installation before operation and improve the accuracy and clinical effect of total hip replacement. In particular, the preoperative evaluation of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with spinal-pelvic sagittal plane deformity is significant. Lumbar degeneration is one of the most common spinal-pelvic sagittal plane malformations, it is difficult to determine acetabular anteversion in THA for these patients, and it is easy to cause postoperative complications. At present, 3DP has been used to determine the anteversion of THA in patients with lumbar degenerative disease, and this article reviews the research and application of 3DP in anteversion evaluation of THA for lumbar degenerative disease, as well as its clinical advantages and challenges.
Mixed-Methods Research
Authors: Lall Dorothy
Published: December 2021

Mixed-methods research emerged in the late 1970s as a methodological approach that uses both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods in one single study. In this article, I present an overview of what mixed-methods research is and identify its defining features. Key considerations in designing mixed-methods research are priority, sequence, stage of integration and use of theory. Each of these is discussed briefly with pointers that could serve as a starting point in designing a mixed-methods research. There is a brief description of the core mixed-methods research designs, namely convergent, exploratory sequential and explanatory sequential, with some examples relevant to the Indian context. Finally, I present some challenges commonly faced in conducting mixed-methods research.
Discovering the Role of FZD4 Gene in Human Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Ke , Lv Qun , Li Liming , Jiang Mingjun , Fang Fang
Published: December 2021

Background:

Frizzled 4 (FZD4) is an important receptor for Wnt proteins that stimulate several downstream signaling pathways. It has been known that the FZD4–Wnt interaction is involved in many types of cancers. However, the role of FZD4 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) has not been well studied.

Aims:

We sought to investigate the association between FZD4 expression level and tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis rates in CSCC.

Methods:

Expression of FZD4 at mRNA level in CSCC tissues and controls was measured. Colo16 cell proliferation and viability were measured by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry respectively after siRNA and plasmid transfection.

Results:

We discovered a significant downregulation of FZD4 expression in CSCC tissues and cell lines compared to controls. Furthermore, our data suggested that over expression of FZD4 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of Colo16 cells.

Conclusion:

The results indicated that FZD4 may play as a tumor suppressor gene in the pathogenesis of CSCC.
Epidemiological Study of Skin Disorders in Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Authors: Balasubramanian Pradeep , Anil Anjali J.
Published: December 2021

Background:

The study pertaining to the prevalence of diseases plays a valuable tool in the planning and implementation of health care facilities. The prevalence of skin diseases in Andaman and Nicobar islands, which is rightly called “Little India” considering the heterogeneity of the people living here, will serve as an indispensable tool.

Methodology:

The data from the outpatient records of the Dermatology Department of 2 consecutive years were collected retrospectively, the study duration being January 2017 to December 2018. The diagnoses were classified as per the International Classification of Diseases (ICD 10). The quantitative variables are expressed as numbers and percentages.

Results:

Cutaneous infections namely dermatophyte infection, tinea versicolor, impetigo, scabies, molluscum, and warts were the most commonly encountered disorders. Hansen's disease was witnessed in 42 patients. Among the tribals, scabies, dermatophytosis, and pyoderma were the commonly encountered cutaneous disorders.

Conclusion:

Thus, the data presented in the present study can be extrapolated on the mainland considering the diversity of the population in the Andaman and Nicobar (A and N) Islands.
Porokeratosis Ptychotropica
Authors: Lacarrubba Francesco , Musumeci Maria Letizia , Verzì Anna Elisa , Poma Claudia , Caltabiano Rosario , Micali Giuseppe
Published: December 2021

Porokeratosis ptychotropica (PP) is a rare variant of porokeratosis characterized by pruritic, symmetrical, red-brown verrucous papules, and plaques most commonly localized within the gluteal fold. Herein, we report the clinical, dermoscopy, and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) aspects of a case of PP in a 63-year-old Caucasian woman along with histopathological correlation. Both dermoscopy and RCM were able to recognize the cornoid lamella, the histopathological clue shared by all clinical variants of porokeratosis. These non-invasive techniques may help in the differential diagnosis with other inflammatory/infectious and neoplastic disorders that may clinically resemble PP, but show distinct patterns.
Perspective of patients referred to Yoga center in a tertiary neuropsychiatric hospital
Authors: Arasappa Rashmi , Bhargav Hemant , Ramachandra Kavitha , Varambally Shivarama , Gangadhar Bangalore N
Published: December 2021

Background:

Yoga has been extensively used as an alternative or complementary therapy in psychiatric disorders depending on the type and severity of the disorders. However, data related to perspective on yoga services and the benefits and adverse effects attributed to yoga by patients with major psychiatric disorders is lacking.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess feedback of the patients who attended yoga sessions at a Yoga center in a tertiary neuropsychiatric hospital.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional retrospective study using a specific questionnaire to get feedback from patients referred to the NIMHANS Integrated Center for Yoga, at the end of their yoga training.

Results:

Two hundred and one patients’ data were included in this retrospective study. Most of the patients were referred by the doctors. The yoga module for schizophrenia was most commonly utilized, followed by depression. On an average, patients attended 13 sessions. Most of them practiced yoga for 1–2 weeks and had missed less than 2 sessions. The great majority of the patients reported that practicing yoga helped them. Spearman correlation analysis revealed positive associations between improvement attributed to yoga and variables affecting quality of yoga services at the center, including the quality of yoga sessions attended. Overall health and sleep improvement also positively correlated with improvement attributed to yoga. A minority of patients reported adverse effects, although these did not lead to discontinuation.

Conclusion:

In this retrospective study of patients referred to a Yoga center in a tertiary psychiatric facility, the majority of patients with major mental disorders were able to practice yoga under supervision and reported significant improvement in symptoms with minimal adverse effects.
Social networking sites and its relation to social comparison and psychological well-being among medical university students
Authors: Ojha Kartikeya , Soohinda Geeta , Sampath Harshavardhan , Dutta Sanjiba
Published: December 2021

Background:

Social networking sites (SNSs) have become an indispensable part of young adults in India. The content on one’s profile and that of others on social media makes social comparison easier among young adults leading to poor mental health and life dissatisfaction.

Aims:

To assess the relationship between the pattern of SNS use among young adults and depression, anxiety, and social comparison.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study among medical students done using a questionnaire consisting of pattern of SNS use and scales for social comparison, depression, and anxiety.

Results:

We collected data from 220 students (mean age 20.44 years). Impression management was associated with higher social comparison, depression, and anxiety scores. Social comparison had a significant correlation between depression and anxiety scores.

Conclusion:

A complex association exists between duration or time spent on SNS use and psychopathology.
Relapse in bipolar disorder in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Authors: Panda Tushar Kanta , Nebhinani Naresh , Suthar Navratan , Choudhary Swati , Singhai Kartik
Published: December 2021

COVID-19 has adversely affected the lives of people with bipolar disorder (BD). We have reported three patients with BD, who suffered from relapse after being diagnosed with COVID-19. Patient X is a 54-year-old man who developed manic episode, while Y is a 63-year-old man and Z is a 52-year-old woman who developed severe depression after being hospitalized for COVID-19. In this case series, three patients with BD who developed manic or depressive episodes during COVID-19 infection have been described. Adequate liaison between consultation–liaison psychiatrist and primary medical team was done. Rational pharmacotherapy along with psychosocial interventions led to favorable outcomes in all three cases.
“I might catch this infection again and this time I will not survive” – A qualitative study on lived-in experiences and coping strategies of COVID-19-positive individuals in India
Authors: Bhandari Sunidhi , Khakha Deepika Cecil , Kumar T. K. Ajesh , Verma Rohit
Published: December 2021

Background:

The clinical picture of COVID-19 is as complex as it is psychosocial impact. The sheer subjectivity of the illness experience demands that each individual affected be heard and noticed.

Aims:

To assess lived-in experiences and coping strategies of COVID-19 positive individuals.

Settings and Design:

The study was conducted at designated COVID care center of a tertiary care hospital using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach.

Materials and Methods:

Interviews were collected from 13 COVID-19-positive individuals using an open-ended interview guide and were recorded, transcribed and further analyzed.

Statistical Analysis:

Analysis was done using Smith’s Interpretative Phenomenological Approach. Themes and sub-themes were extracted and thematic schema was developed.

Results:

A total of 10 themes and 36 sub-themes were identified. The themes extracted with context to before being diagnosed with COVID-19 positive are impact of COVID-19 and preconception about hospitalization and hospitalized individuals. The themes with relation to active COVID-19 infection are psychological reactions, behavioral responses, positive experiences, negative experiences, stigma, coping strategies, and perceived needs. The theme re-adjustment with life was identified for postrecovery from COVID-19.

Conclusions:

COVID-19-positive individuals have myriad of experiences from their transition of being positive to finally being free of infection. Their experience with the illness sheds light on the gray areas like stigma that demand immediate attention. Future policies need to be developed in accordance with the identified perceived needs to potentially guide the satisfaction and recovery of COVID-19-positive individuals.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced galactorrhea with hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Bhattacharjee Subir , Biswas Ranjan , Mandal Nikhiles
Published: December 2021

Galactorrhea in nonpregnant woman of child-bearing age is related to various pathologies including the use of psychotropic. Although common with antipsychotics, galactorrhea with antidepressants was infrequent. Previously reported cases of galactorrhea were mostly with combined antidepressants and cases of galactorrhea with paroxetine and fluvoxamine were with normal serum prolactin level. We reported three cases of galactorrhea, one with single use of paroxetine and other two with fluvoxamine with elevated serum prolactin level in all three cases.
Quality of online news reporting of suicidal behavior in Myanmar
Authors: Marthoenis  , Htay Mila Nu Nu , Arafat S. M. Yasir
Published: December 2021

Background:

Media reporting of suicide has an essential role in the suicidal behavior of the general population.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to assess the quality of online news reports of suicidal behavior in Myanmar against the World Health Organization (WHO) reporting guidelines.

Methods:

We performed a content analysis of all available suicide-related news reports published in vernacular online newspapers of Myanmar.

Results:

A total of 285 reports were analyzed, consisting of 87.4% suicides and 12.6% nonfatal suicidal attempts. Potentially, harmful information reported in the text includes the methods of suicide (100%), the word or term in Burmese related to suicide (89.5%), the name of the person (56.5%), life event (50.5%), and photo or suicidal person (17.9%). Meanwhile, helpful information such as prevention programs and the contact information for suicide services to the readers have been infrequently reported.

Conclusion:

The study found that the newspaper reporting of suicide in Myanmar is grossly nonadherent to the WHO media guidelines.
Portrayal of mental illness in Indian newspapers
Authors: Raj Sonika , Ghosh Abhishek , Sharma Babita , Goel Sonu
Published: December 2021

Background:

Media portrayal of mental illness may influence public stigma and service utilization.

Aim:

This study aims to explore the overall tone and content of the news articles on mental illnesses in India.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on online English and Hindi news portals for articles which made reference to mental illness, published by local and national media sources between September 2019 and August 2020. The search was performed using location and news-only filters in the “Google” search engine; we used predefined search queries and selection criteria. A previously published checklist was used for the content analysis; it was done by two independent investigators.

Results:

A total of 273 news reports met inclusion criteria (Hindi n = 164, English n = 109). Results showed that more than half (54.9%) had a positive tone. Nearly a third (30.8%) of these articles were stigmatizing in tone. Persons with mental illness were portrayed as violent, unreliable, and unpredictable. Uses of blanket terms (33.3%) such as mentally ill, mentally unstable, mentally retarded, and stigmatizing photographs (36.9%) were also common. Overall, Hindi media had a significantly better quality of reporting than the English language media. National media reports had a less negative and stigmatizing tone than local articles.

Conclusion:

There is a need for a concerted attempt to improve the quality of media reporting of mental illness in India.
Transcriptomics and sequencing analysis of gene expression profiling for major depressive disorder
Authors: Verma Pragya , Shakya Madhvi
Published: December 2021

Background:

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder characterized by constant sadness and a lack of interest in work and social interactions. Maintaining the transcriptome levels via the controlled regulation of mRNA processing and transport is essential to alleviating MDD. Various molecular phenotypes such as aberrant RNA splicing and stability are identified as critical determinants of MDD.

Aim:

This study aims to compare the mRNA expression profiles between major depressive disorder non-suicide (MDD), major depressive disorder suicide (MDD-S), and control groups using RNA-Seq.

Materials and Methods:

A transcriptomics and sequencing analysis of gene expression profiling was conducted in 9 patients with MDD, 10 patients with MDD-S, and 10 control patients.

Results:

A comparison of the sample groups revealed that the PRKACB gene was upregulated in patients with MDD. At the same time, GRM3, DLGAP1, and GRIA2 were downregulated in these patients—these genes are majorly involved in the glutamatergic pathway. Five genes (GRIA1, CAMK2D, PPP3CA, MAPK10, and PPP2R2A) of the dopaminergic pathway were downregulated in patients with the MDD-S condition when compared with the MDD and control groups. Cholinergic synapses were altered in patients with MDD when compared to the control group due to the presence of dysregulated genes (KCNQ5, PLCB4, ADCY9, CAMK2D, PIK3CA, and GNG2).

Conclusion:

The results provide a new understanding of the etiology of depression in humans and identify probable depression-associated biomarkers.
Study of screening of mental health status of coronavirus disease-19 confirmed noncritical patients admitted at a tertiary care hospital and a coronavirus disease care center in Ahmedabad
Authors: Parikh Nimesh C. , Balchandani Anisha D. , Nakum Dhruv H. , Patel Bintal S. , Bhowmick Shreyasee S. , Shah Nilima D. , Darji Vinod K.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Despite coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) being a major health crisis in the current times, only a few studies have addressed its potential direct effect on mental health, especially among COVID-19 patients.

Aims:

This study was conducted to assess the mental health of COVID-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:

In cross sectional study, mental health status of 301 symptomatic and 200 asymptomatic COVID-19 participants was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire-28.

Results:

Around 8.78% COVID-19 patients were found to be psychologically distressed that was predominantly higher among symptomatic COVID-19 patients. Risk of psychological distress was significantly higher in females, living in nuclear families and having a history of addiction.

Conclusions:

COVID-19 patients suffer from psychological distress, which needs to be addressed to cope well with this pandemic situation.
Koszul duality for compactly generated derived categories of second kind
Authors: Guan Ai , Lazarev Andrey
Published: December 2021

For any dg algebra

A

we construct a closed model category structure on dg

A

-modules such that the corresponding homotopy category is compactly generated by dg

A

-modules that are finitely generated and free over

A

(disregarding the differential). We prove that this closed model category is Quillen equivalent to the category of comodules over a certain, possibly nonconilpotent dg coalgebra, a so-called extended bar construction of

A

. This generalises and complements certain aspects of dg Koszul duality for associative algebras.
Enfoque Comunicativo y Cultural de la Situación de los Profesionales de la Salud frente a la Pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Lázaro-Pérez Cristina , Martínez López José Ángel , Gómez Galán José , Del Pino Espejo María José
Published: December 2021

Introducción: El inicio de la tercera década del siglo XXI será recordado por la pandemia de COVID-19 y la crisis sanitaria que ha producido, modificando sistemas como el cultural, el político, el económico, el mediático o el comunicativo. Desde la antropología de la salud, se pueden observar las interconexiones entre el sistema sanitario, la comunicación y la cultura, todas ellas indivisibles por los muchos enfoques que conviven y que configuran un campo de análisis propio. Metodología: Esta investigación empírica se ha desarrollado en España durante el momento álgido de la crisis sanitaria -en el Estado de Alarma- e investiga cómo afectó esta pandemia a los profesionales sanitarios durante la primera oleada de la misma. Ellos fueron la barrera fundamental para hacer frente al coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, y realizaron su trabajo en condiciones extremadamente precarias, sin apenas equipos de protección individual, ni recursos humanos suficientes, ni las infraestructuras imprescindibles para atender a los pacientes. Resultados/Discusión: El estudio se centra en tres dimensiones: (a) los aspectos culturales que impregnan la actividad profesional de los sanitarios, (b) los aspectos emocionales en el desarrollo de la misma sobre los procesos de duelo y muerte desde sus componentes simbólicos, y (c) las percepciones que tiene de la gestión sanitaria realizada por la respuesta pública. Conclusiones: Los resultados describen la situación extrema a la que tuvieron que enfrentarse estos profesionales, en una crisis sanitaria sin precedentes en décadas, que refleja un nuevo escenario antropológico y sociológico.
La tension est-ouest comme ressort dramatique chez deux écrivains francophones d’origine chinoise
Authors: Gacoin-Marks Florence
Published: December 2021

Dans le présent article, nous nous proposons donc de définir en quels termes la relation « est-ouest » s’articule dans deux romans écrits par des écrivains francophones d’origine chinoise à la fin du XXe : Le Jeu de l’eau et du feu de Ya Ding (1990) et Le Dit de Tian-yi de François Cheng (1998). Dans les deux cas, l’expérience de la rencontre entre les cultures française et chinoise est un ressort entre les cultures française et chinoise est un ressort dramatique essentiel et crée dans la littérature créée en France un espace littérature spécifique, une sorte « d’entre-deux » que l’on peut considérer comme un sous-genre littéraire à part entière.
“I am not what I am”
Authors: Furlan Teja , Kavalir Monika
Published: December 2021

The paper uses keyword analysis as the empirical basis for the characterization of Shakespeare’s character Iago from Othello, the Moor of Venice. The aim of the paper is to determine how Iago’s manner of speech reflects his deceitful and manipulative nature and how it differs from the speech-styles of non-deceitful prominent characters: Othello, Cassio, Roderigo, Desdemona and Emilia. Keywords for the chosen characters are based on the corpora of character speech and the Sketch Engine tool is used to process the data. The results are then interpreted and discussed on the basis of six interconnected points of discussion: focus, adjectives, use of the expression Moor, references to the handkerchief, poisoning-the-ears technique, and pronouns, all of which confirm that Iago’s manipulative nature is indeed evident in his speech and that there is a clear difference between his speech-style and the speech-styles of other, non-deceitful, prominent characters.
Porównanie doświadczeń religijnych w okresie wczesnej, średniej i późnej dorosłości
Authors: Tatala Małgorzata , Walesa Czesław
Published: December 2021

Comparison between Religious Experiences in Early, Middle and Late Adulthood

The aim of the study was to examine the differences in religious experience in early, middle and late adulthood. The study examined 608 people who were a part of catholic religious communities. Religious Experience Scale, which includes five dimensions: Importance rating, Negative experiences, God’s support, Entrusting in God and Openness to God, was used. Statistical analyzes showed that the level of religious experience was significantly differentiated by the age of the respondents for four out of five dimensions of Religious Experience: Importance rating, God’s support, Entrusting in God and Negative experiences. People in late adulthood were characterized by the highest level of Importance rating, God’s support, Entrusting in God and the lowest level of Negative experiences compared to people in early and middle adulthood. The nature of late adulthood – i.e., the ability to discover the specificity of religious experience to understand and interpret the signs of God’s presence and action in everyday events – may account for the observed effects. The results of the study add to the knowledge on religious experience depending on the developmental stage of the person. They could be used to adjust the character of pastoral counseling to the needs of specific age groups of adult clients.
Wyzwania antropologii chrześcijańskiej w dobie neuronauk
Authors: Maziarka Tomasz
Published: December 2021

Challenges of Christian anthropology in the age of neurosciences
The article deal with problem of the soul from the perspective of the science. Its purpose is to analyze the views of Francis Crick presented in the book The Astonishing Hypothesis – The Scientific Search for the Soul. The famous Nobel Prize winner tries to refute the religious view that man has a soul by referring to the research of the human brain. Crick’s thesis is as follows: the soul hypothesis must be rejected because of mental phenomena can be explained based on the work of the neurons. The scenario adopted in this way raises some problems. Some of them are outlined in this article.

Artykuł podejmuje problem duszy w perspektywie neuronauk. Jego celem jest analiza poglądów Francisa Cricka przedstawionych w książce Zdumiewająca hipoteza, czyli nauka w poszukiwaniu duszy. Słynny noblista usiłuje obalić religijny pogląd, że człowiek posiada duszę, przez odwołanie się do badań ludzkiego mózgu. Teza Cricka jest następująca: Należy odrzucić hipotezę duszy, ponieważ wszelkie zjawiska umysłowe można wyjaśnić w oparciu o pracę neuronów. Tak przyjęty scenariusz rodzi pewne problemy. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia niektóre z nich.
Małżeństwo w kryzysie: czy warto/należy ratować je „za wszelką cenę"? – refleksje nad wybranymi problemami klientów pomocy społecznej
Authors: Słowik Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

A marriage in crisis: is it worth / should it be saved „at all costs"? – reflections on selected problems of social welfare clients
The reports on the increasing number of divorces/separations in Poland and the statistical data on the scale of the problem of addictions and violence (in the social welfare system, and not only), became a contribution to the theoretical considerations on the need and limits of saving marriages in crisis affected by the above mentioned problems. It was explained: from what it is worth/necessary to save a marriage in crisis, who is to save it, how to do it, what it means „at all costs” (who pays what price?) and where are the limits of saving? The issues presented in this article may be interested to many counselors, therapists, social workers, and spouses caught up in addiction and/or violence.

Doniesienia o wzrastającej liczbie rozwodów/separacji w Polsce, a także dane statystyczne na temat skali problemu uzależnień i przemocy (w systemie pomocy społecznej i nie tylko) stały się przyczynkiem do podjęcia teoretycznych rozważań nad potrzebą i granicami ratowania małżeństw w kryzysie dotkniętych wyżej wymienionymi problemami. Wyjaśniono: przed czym warto/należy ratować małżeństwo w kryzysie, kto ma je ratować, w jaki sposób to robić, co to znaczy „za wszelką cenę” (kto i jaką cenę ponosi) oraz gdzie się znajdują granice ratowania. Przedstawiona w tym artykule problematyka może być interesująca dla wielu doradców, terapeutów, pracowników socjalnych oraz dla małżonków uwikłanych w problem uzależnienia i/lub przemocy.
Królewskość Jezusa Chrystusa w opisie męki w Ewangelii św. Jana
Authors: Królikowski Janusz
Published: December 2021

The kingship of Jesus Christ as presented in the description of Passion in the Gospel of John
The question of the kingship of Jesus Christ currently constitutes one of the most exceptional theological issues in terms of meaning, since it not only defines a living element of Christian piety, but also, in the recent years, it has aroused considerable controversies in the context of the so called intronization and evoked numerous questions. To answer these questions and to formulate appropriate spiritual and pastoral propositions, a profound exegetical and theological study into this matter is required. That is why in this paper we propose a broader analysis of the question of the kingship of Jesus Christ in the light of the Gospel of John, and predominantly in the light of the description of the Passion and crucifixion of Jesus Christ, where the issue of His kingship occupies a central place.

Temat królewskości Jezusa Chrystusa stanowi obecnie jedno z zagadnień teologicznych o szczególnym znaczeniu, ponieważ nie tylko określa żywy element pobożności chrześcijańskiej, ale w ostatnich latach wywołało i ciągle wywołuje również niemałe kontrowersje w kontekście tzw. intronizacji. Pojawiające się rozliczne pytania domagają się pogłębionych studiów egzegetyczno-teologicznych, aby można było na nie odpowiedzieć, a zwłaszcza by można było sformułować stosowne propozycje duchowo- -pastoralne. Aby stało się to możliwe, proponujemy w tym miejscu szerszą analizę zagadnienia królewskości Jezusa Chrystusa w świetle Ewangelii św. Jana, a przede wszystkim opisu męki i ukrzyżowania Jezusa Chrystusa, w którym zagadnienie Jego królewskości zajmuje pierwszorzędne miejsce.
Kódolás és dekódolás – egy televíziós híradó üzenete. Esettanulmány: Román Televízió, Kolozsvári Területi Stúdió - TVR Cluj -
Authors: Orbán Katalin
Published: December 2021

The present thesis is a part of my doctoral dissertation, in which I investigated the functions and roles of the Romanian Television’s territorial studios, the case study being the studio from Cluj. Some of my research in this domain was about the news programme of the analyzed TV-channel. I investigated how the encoded information of the news reveal the social facts of this region, and how they could be decoded by the public. One of the surprises of the conclusions is about the fewness of the news presenting the events happening in the communities of the national minorities living in Transylvania. But there are other surprising conclusions too, from which content creators of regional television news could learn.
Transimperial Negotiations and Cultural Anxieties from the Sensation Novel to the Adventure Story
Authors:   Felician University, Rutherford, New Jersey, USA, McParland Robert
Published: December 2021

The sensation novels of the 1860s expressed the anxieties of the age, challenged realism, and sought to revive wonder. Within the transformations of modernity, these novels were read and exchanged across the British Empire. Sensation fiction mixed romance and realism and its sensational elements reflected modern tensions and concerns. Mary Elizabeth Braddon’s Lady Audley’s Secret probed the sources of violence, the cultural measures of sanity, and underscored the transgressions of an oppressed female figure in her search for freedom. Wilkie Collins’s Woman in White likewise challenged cultural certainties, as he observed the expanding popular reading audience. The rise of the adventure story within the imperial designs of colonization expressed a sense of mystery and an encounter with otherness that is interrogated here.
Ritual basis of the ossetian traditional dance Chepena/ Kepena (the problem of authenticity)
Authors: Салбиев Т.К.
Published: December 2021

В статье впервые реконструируется обрядовая основа осетинского тра-
диционного танца Чепена / Кепена, описаны его семантика, происхождение и ареальные
связи. В рамках функционального подхода удается не только выявить лежащий в его
основе мифологический эсхатологический сюжет, но и соотнести руководителя этим
танцем с таким осетинским религиозно-мифологическим персонажем, как Тутыр / То-
тур.

The article puts froward the reconstructs of the ritual basis of the Ossetian traditional
dance Chepena / Kepena, its semantics, origin and areal connections are also described. Within
the framework of the functional approach, it appears possible not only to identify the mythological,
i. e. eschatological, plot underlying it, but also to correlate the leader of this dance with such a
character of Ossetian religious and mythological system as Tutyr / Totur.
Estimating the Extreme Values in Gridding Data using Gauss Elimination Method: A New Approach in Potential Field Processing
Authors: Dung Nguyen Kim
Published: December 2021

The position of a maximum point of a function depends on its coefficients and order. The maximum horizontal gradient method is a popular method that greatly contributes to the detection of maximum points and approximation of geological structures edges. By adopting a mathematical logic, Blakely and Simpson established a quadratic function based on the characteristic of three points of a straight line in the fundamental directions. However, for potential field data like gravity and magnetic data, the coefficients of a quadratic function in each direction are not only dependent on the values of three points on a straight line, but also, they depend on the values of the surrounding points. This article proposes an algorithm which can detect maximum points more effectively in order to delineate geological structures boundaries from potential field data. The proposed algorithm uses a 3×3 neighborhood data grid to establish a two-variables function and to determine its coefficients by applying the Gaussian elimination method. After the two-variables function has been established, the algorithm estimates any extreme points and their positions from a set of four single-variable functions which correspond to the horizontal, vertical and the two diagonal directions by the cases x = 0, y = 0, y = -x and y = x of the main function. Finally, the conditions to detect the maximum point from the extreme points are defined. The validity of the algorithm was demonstrated on synthetic datasets generated by two different model structures. A real data application of the method has also been realized by estimating the geological boundaries by gravity data in the Vietnam’s continental shelf. The results obtained from the synthetic applications of the algorithm proved that it can determine more maximum points as compared to Blakely and Simpson method, and as a result, in all the test cases, it has drawn the real boundaries of the model structures more accurately. The application results of the method on real data revealed new boundary delineations in the research area, interpreted to be faults or fractures which lies between deep trench in the East Vietnam Sea.
Petrography and Geochemistry of Gabbroic Rock from the Penjwin Ophiolite, Kurdistan Region, Northeastern Iraq
Authors: Ali Sarmad A
Published: December 2021

The gabbroic rocks as a part of Zagros ophiolite are exposed in northeastern Iraq, Penjwin area. These rocks with granular to ophitic textures are widely distributed without metamorphic halos. The main minerals are plagioclase (An90-99), olivine, clinopyroxene (Wo27-47 En 45-64 Fs8-14) and orthopyroxene (Wo2 En78 Fs20) respectively based on the abundances. The major elements show a broad range of compositional variations, with SiO2 (46.2–50.9 wt. %), and low concentrations Na2O (0.15–0.62 wt. %), K2O (0.01–0.03 wt. %) and TiO2 (0.06–0.2) and high concentrations, Al2O3 (6.4–19.75 wt. %), total Fe2O3 (6.29–11.6 wt. %), MgO (9.63–24.5 wt. %), CaO (8.02–18 wt. %) and low alkali contents (Na2O + K2O = 0.16–0.65 wt. %). On Ti-V diagram, all of the gabbroic samples have Ti/V less than 10 and consequently fall in the low Ti- Island arc tholeiitic. Whole rocks chemistry shows a depletion of High field strength elements in comparison with the primitive mantle with an arched upward rare earth elements pattern, characterized by light rare earth elements depletion (La N/Sm N = 0.05–0.8) and enrichment in the High field strength elements. Whole rocks chemistry, mineral paragenesis and chemistry of these rocks are more consistent with tholeiitic magma series. Based on our findings in this research, the primary magma has been produced from the depleted mantle with a high degree of partial melting.
DISCLOSING THE TRUE NATURE OF HESPERETIN’S ANTIGENOTOXICITY „IN VIVO“ WITHIN THE „DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER“ SOMATIC CELLS THROUGH THE EXTENSIVE GENOTOXICAL AND STRUCTURE-BASED STUDIES
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Matić Sanja , Stanić Snežana , Tomašević Nevena , Ragno Rino , Mladenović Milan
Published: December 2021

Previously unreported genotoxic and antigenotoxic potentials of hesperetin (Hes) were revealed by treating the Drosophila melanogaster (dm) whose DNA has been altered by means of O6-ethylguanine (dmGO6-Et) and O4-ethylthymine (dmTO4-Et) lesions appearance, caused by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), a proven alkylating agent and mutagen. Therefore, Hes potencies were determined by means of the comet assay on somatic cells level, where compound exerted no genotoxic effects but acted genotoxically as a Topoisomerase IIα (dmTopIIα) catalytic inhibitor by invading the Binding and Cleavage Domain and stabilizing the noncovalent dmTopIIα-plasmid DNA (dmPDNA) complex, as verified by the kinetoplast DNA (dmK-DNA) decatenation assays. Hes’s structure-based alignment caused compound’s A and C rings to occupy the area normally invaded by EMS, thus making a spatial barrier for the dmGO6-Et or dmTO4-Et lesions formation: the A ring C7-OH group formed hydrogen bonds (HBs) with either dmGO6 (dHB = 2.576 Å) or guanine’s N7 nitrogen (dmGN7, dHB = 2.737 Å), whereas the A ring C5-OH group formed an HB with dmTO4 (dHB = 3.548 Å). Furthermore, Hes likewise acted as a mixed-type competitive inhibitor of dmATPase, as verified by the catalytic, FRET, and structure-based studies where it affected the dmATPase dimerization and the hydrolysis of ATP, denying the metabolic energy for the catenation of ethylated G-dmDNA segment, the formation of dmTO4-Et-G-dmDNA phosphotyrosine intermediate (dmTO4-Et-G- dmDNA-PTyr785I), and the passage of ethylated T-dmDNA segment through the temporarily broken dmTO4-Et-G-dmDNA-PTyr785I, processes seen as comets. Conclusively, Hes may be used in anticancer therapy controlling the effects of alkylating agents.
BİRİNCİ DÜNYA SAVAŞI’NDA TRABZON’UN İŞGALİ VE MÜSLÜMAN MÜLTECİLERİN DURUMU
Authors: ÇAYKIRAN Güzin
Published: December 2021

Osmanlı Devleti Birinci Dünya Savaşı’na girdiği zaman elbette müttefikleri gibi savaşı kazanma arzusundaydı. Fakat savaşın başlamasıyla birlikte bambaşka sorunlar ortaya çıkmıştı. Bunlardan biri Doğu Cephesi’nde Müslümanların göç hareketi idi. Bu göç hareketine bağlı olarak Osmanlı Devleti, Rus işgal bölgelerinden iltica eden Müslümanlara mülteci adını vermişti. Devlet, bir taraftan cephede savaşırken diğer taraftan da Müslüman mültecilerin iskân ve iaşesini organize etmeye çalışmıştı. Trabzon vilayetinden iltica eden Müslümanlar da bunlar arasındaydı. Trabzon mültecileri istikamet olarak Giresun ve Ordu kazası ile Canik sancağına iltica etmişti. Trabzon vilayetinin güneyinde meskûn olan Müslümanlar ise Sivas vilayetine yönelmişlerdi. Bunlar, iltica ettikleri yerlerde iskân edildikleri gibi başka bölgelere de göç etmişler/ettirilmişlerdi. Dolayısıyla Anadolu’nun dâhilinde birçok Trabzon mültecisine rastlanmaktaydı. Hatta Şam’a gönderilen mülteciler dahi vardı. 1917’de Çarlık Rusya’da Bolşevik İhtilali’nin başlamasıyla birlikte Rus Kafkas ordusunun Anadolu’dan çekilmesiyle hayatta kalan mülteciler de memleketlerine dönüş yapmışlardı. Fakat Rus ordusuyla birlikte hareket eden Ermeni birlikleri, memleketlerine dönüş yapan Trabzon mültecilerine bina yerine bir enkaz bırakmış ve iltica edemeyen Müslümanların birçoğunu katlederek Anadolu’dan kaçmışlardı.

Çalışmada Birinci Dünya Savaşı’na bağlı olarak Doğu Cephesi’nin Doğu Karadeniz’de Rus işgal bölgelerinden iltica eden Trabzon mültecileri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada başta nitel ve nicel yöntem olmak üzere karşılaştırmalı yöntem kullanılmıştır. Yapılan literatür taraması sonucu muhacir ve mültecileri konu alan çeşitli çalışmalar tespit edilmiş fakat yapılan çalışmalarda Trabzon mültecilerinin münferit olarak incelenmediği fark edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla çalışmada Trabzon mültecilerinin göç istikametleri başta olmak üzere nerelere göç ettikleri, iskan edildikleri yerler ile buralardaki durumları yeni bilgi ve arşiv belgeleriyle anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Consultas Médicas Tomo 4
Authors: Miranda Dayana , Picón Jennifer , Minango Jonathan , Morales Dayana , Cayo Juan , Vizuete Carlos , Sellán Leslie , Lagos Karol , Toala Johan , Cho Tana Andrea , Armijos Amy
Published: December 2021

La presente obra es el resultado del esfuerzo académico de un grupo de profesionales en salud que, pese a su apretada agenda se ha dado a la tarea de recopilar la bibliografía disponible con la evidencia más actualizada sobre 12 temas de actualidad que esperamos ayuden tanto al médico en formación como al personal de salud interesado en profundizar sobre la Atención Primaria en Salud.
APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT FOR THE CALCULATION OF CHILDREN S BODY MASS AND ITS APPLICATION IN A REAL PROJECT
Authors: CECIR CECIR , ALVES HELOYZA KETHYLIN RIBEIRO
Published: December 2021

As crianças devem ser estimuladas a fazer atividades físicas diariamente, de preferência ao ar
livre ou em ambiente propício para tal. Esta prática de atividade desde a infância estimula a
criação de hábitos saudáveis, reduz o risco de obesidade e de doenças tais como: diabetes,
hipertensão e alguns tipos de câncer, ela propicia interação social e benefícios psicológicos,
gerando uma ampla melhora na qualidade de vida. O judô é um esporte que pode ser utilizado
e tem uma grande aceitação nas escolas e academias. Ele se tornou um dos esportes mais
praticados por crianças e adultos e teve um aumento significativo no número de praticantes. A
sua prática é de suma importância por crianças, pois grandes atletas começam desde cedo neste
esporte. Porém, para a prática de esportes, é necessária a realização de consulta médica prévia
e também de consultas regulares nas crianças, para identificar patologias que possam restringir
determinados tipos de exercícios. Quando não há esse acompanhamento, podem acontecer
complicações que afastem as crianças dos exercícios. Este trabalho apresenta um aplicativo
chamado IMC para Crianças criado para obter o valor do cálculo do IMC - Índice de Massa
Corpórea de crianças, a fim de obter um resultado imediato, através do uso de celular, o qual
poderá ser avaliado pelos instrutores dos esportes e pelos pais das crianças.
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Estudo da Lixiviação Ácida de Catalisador de Craqueamento Catalítico Desativado para Remoção de Lantânio
Authors: ARAUJO VALENTINA DE MELO CEZAR DE , VALT RENATA BACHMANN GUIMARãES , PONTE MARIA JOSé JERôNIMO DE SANTANA
Published: December 2021

Este estudo avaliou a lixiviação ácida convencional e lixiviações ácidas associadas a peróxido de hidrogênio e micro-ondas, visando maior recuperação de lantânio de catalisador desativado utilizado em craqueamento catalítico fluidizado de petróleo. Os resultados indicaram que a utilização de micro-ondas promoveu uma recuperação de lantânio 74,8% superior quando comparada à lixiviação ácida simples, e 41,3% superior à lixiviação associada ao peróxido de hidrogênio.,