bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐104: Low Pressure Hot Wall Deposition of Mono‐Crystalline Rubrene Thin Films for Organic Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Chen Yi , Shih Ishiang
Published: August 2010

Mono‐crystalline Rubrene (5,6,11,12‐Tetraphenylnaphthacene) thin films with thickness between 1 μm and 10 μm with grain sizes as large as 100 μm × 2 mm were successfully deposited on OTS(octadecyltrichlorosilane) coated TFT substrates by a low pressure and hot wall deposition method. Organic thin film transistors based on these high quality thin films have μaverage of 1.77 cm2/V‐s and μmax of 2.47 cm2/V‐s, ON/OFF current ratios around 106. The morphologies and crystallinities of rubrene thin films deposited under different conditions were studied with X‐ray diffraction analysis. The average field effect mobility values of OTFTs based on these rubrene films were also compared to determine the optimal film deposition conditions.
13.2: Driving Waveforms for New Single Sustain System with High Voltage Address Driver (Hi‐AD)
Authors: Onozawa Makoto , Nagase Takuo , Mori Mutsuhiro , Seo Yoshiho
Published: August 2010

We developed driving waveforms for new single sustain system with Hi‐AD. We designed address breakdown voltage up to 270V from conventional 100V to obtain the wide driving margin. The cost of sustain and address circuits can be reduced 19% compared with the conventional dual sustain system.
P‐107: Mechanism of Peel‐Off of Metal Substrate for Flexible Devices
Authors: Kim Soo Young , Kim Kisoo , Hong Kihyon , Kim Sung Jun , Lee Jong‐Lam
Published: August 2010

This work presents an innovative approach for the manipulation and fabrication of flexible OLEDs to overcome substrate and fabrication difficulties, while controlling the adhesive energy between metal and oxide to peel off OLEDs from a glass substrate. Through this peel‐off technique, fabricated OLEDs were separated from the rigid glass substrate.
P‐108: A Flexible Display Using Dye‐Doped PSCT
Authors: Hurley Shawn , Ma Ji , Yang Deng‐Ke
Published: August 2010

We investigated the effect of adding a dichroic dye to the polymer stabilized cholesteric texture (PSCT) normal mode light shutter display. We observed an improvement in the contrast ratio for a given applied voltage, which can be used to reduce the power consumption. We demonstrated displays fabricated on flexible plastic substrates.
P‐110: Dual‐Layered Films Consisting of CNT and Conducting Polymer Fabricated by Micro‐Contact Printing for Flexible Electrodes
Authors: Huh Jin Woo , Jeong Jin Wook , Lee Jin Woo , Shin Sang‐II , Kwon Jae‐Hong , Choi Jinnil , Ju Byeong Kwon , Yoon Ho Gyu , Cho Gyeong‐Ik , You In‐Kyu
Published: August 2010

We report a CNT/conducting polymer dual‐layered films (CPDFs), which has ∼1000Ω/sq resistance and ∼93% transmittance, self‐aligned with a precision of 20μm by micro‐contact printing. In addition, a potential usage of the CPDFs as a transparent electrode for the application in flexible devices including organic thin film transistor (OTFT) is demonstrated.
P‐112: Inkjet Printed Organic Thin‐Film Transistors with CNT S/D Electrodes for Flexible Displays
Authors: Han Seung Hoon , Kim Yong Hee , Choi Min Hee , Lee Sun Hee , Jang Jin , Park Young‐Bae , Irvin Glen , Drzaic Paul
Published: August 2010

In this work, we fabricated inkjet printed OTFT with CNT source‐drain electrode for plastic displays. 6,13‐bis(pentylphenylethynyl)pentacene was used for printable organic semiconductor. The OTFT with CNT electrode exhibited the field‐effect mobility of 0.15 cm2/Vs, threshold voltage of −3.4 V with on‐off current ratio of ∼107. The performance is suitable for driving e‐paper display on plastic. Especially normalized contact resistance was 10 times lower than that of bottom‐contact pentacene TFT using Au S/D electrode.
P‐193L: Late‐News Poster: Study on Direct Imprint Fabrication Method for Liquid Power Type Electronic Paper Display
Authors: Choi Kyung Ho , Lee Choong‐Ho , An You‐Sun , Kim Jae‐Gu , Park In , Lee Sangkug
Published: August 2010

In this paper, we describe a formation of rib structure by direct imprint method for liquid powder type of electronic paper display. The particle mobility could be controlled by adjusting some characteristics of dielectric layer. Thus the combination properties for both dielectric layer materials and particle surface gave an important key factor for optimum device design to reduce driving voltage in some ranges.
P‐115: Broad Band Selective Reflection from a Single Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Layer with a Helical Pitch Gradient and its Applications
Authors: Matsumoto Yonetatsu , Tamura Kentaro , Harai Ken'Ichi , Fujino Yasuhide , Kawabata Koya , Arakawa Kohei
Published: August 2010

We have succeeded in obtaining broadband selective reflection over the entire visible spectrum from a single cholesteric liquid crystal layer with a helical pitch gradient. The broadband cholesteric layer is applied to brightness enhancement films for LCD, to decorative films with metallic reflection, and to IR shielding films. The decorative film and the IR shielding film are immune to radio wave for telecommunication.
P‐120: Optimizing the Zenithal Bistable Display
Authors: Amos Richard M. , Jones Cliff
Published: August 2010

Zenithal Bistable LCDs use a profiled grating as one of the alignment layers in an otherwise standard twisted nematic display. Both the bistable latching properties of the device and its electro‐optic behaviour are influenced by the grating shape. The relevant rules for optimising device performance are described.
P‐128: Viewing Angle Switching of Liquid Crystal Displays Driven by Fringe Field Switching
Authors: Kim Woo Il , Jeon Eun Jeong , Kim Seong Su , Chin Mi Hyung , Lim Young Jin , Jeong Kwang‐Un , Lee Seung Hee
Published: August 2010

We propose a pixel structure of viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display associated with fringe‐field switching (FFS) mode using one panel. In the device, one pixel is composed of main‐ and sub‐pixel, in which both pixels are formed to generate fringe electric field. However, the fringe field direction is different each other such that in the main pixel, fringe field rotates liquid crystal (LC) making its optic axis deviating from polarizer axis but fringe field only tilts LC upward without rotating in the sub‐pixel region. In this way, light leakage can be generated in the sub‐pixel, which can block displayed images in an oblique viewing angle.
P‐129: Study on Electro‐Optic Characteristics According to Length between Pixel Electrodes in the Fringe and In‐Plane Field Switching Mode
Authors: Ha Kyung Su , Jung Jun Ho , Park Ji Woong , Kim Min Su , Lim Young Jin , Lee Seung Hee , Wu Shin‐Tson
Published: August 2010

We have studied electro‐optic characteristics of high performance liquid crystal display using combined fringe and in‐plane horizontal electric fields, named as fringe and In‐plane switching (FIS). The strong electric fields cause more liquid crystals to reorient above and between the pixel electrodes. Moreover, the operating voltage of FIS mode was decreased by using two thin film transistors (TFTs). To suggest novel structure of FIS mode, electro optic characteristics are analyzed as a function of length between pixel electrodes compared to IPS and FFS mode. Consequently FIS mode shows not only higher transmittance but also lower operating voltage than those of IPS and FFS mode while keeping wide viewing angle.
P‐135: Optically Addressable Liquid Crystal Displays in Polymer‐Dispersed Cholesteric Liquid Crystals
Authors: Cheng Ko‐Ting , Li Jau‐Ham , Fuh Andy Ying‐Guey
Published: August 2010

This work presents optically addressable liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in polymer‐dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals (PDCLCs). A UV‐polymerized polymer film can destroy the surface‐treated alignment layer, and change the cholesterics textures from planar to focal conic in PDCLCs. The clearing temperature can be changed by doping with monomeric and chiral dopant due to the impurity effect. Additionally, the clearing temperatures of LCs in cured and uncured regions are different because of the quantity of the monomers, which can increase the impurity. Consequently, the presented textures in these two regions can be switched by controlling sample's temperature, and can be achieved several interesting devices.
P‐138: Improvement of Optical Compensated Bend (OCB) and Vertical Alignment (VA) Mode Liquid Crystal Displays by Nano‐Alignment Technique
Authors: Chen Wei‐Hong , Wang Shia‐Fan , Lin Hong‐Cheu , Mo Yung‐Lung , Chuang Yun‐Ching , Chen Szu‐Fen Fenny
Published: August 2010

Surface‐modified silicon oxide (SiO2) nanoparticles containing surfactants with amino end‐groups were synthesized. The amounts of surfactants anchoring on SiO2 nanoparticles were characterized to research 8 wt% by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The characteristic amino peak of surfactants on SiO2 nanoparticles can also be confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. By spin‐coating reactive surface‐modified SiO2 nanoparticles on the pre‐cured polyimide (PI), amino end‐groups of the surfactants can be further reacted with pre‐cured PI layer over the ITO surface by thermo‐curing. Moreover, the distribution of post‐cured nanoparticles in the optical compensated bend (OCB) and vertical alignment (VA) cells have been investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). As a result, the newly developed nano‐alignment technique with different process conditions, such as various particle sizes and concentrations, can be applied to improve the threshold voltage, response time, and pre‐tilt angle in the OCB and VA mode liquid crystal display (LCD) cells.
P‐143: Transflective Liquid Crystal Display Using UV Curable Reactive Mesogen
Authors: Kang Byeong Gyun , Lim Young Jin , Kim Jin Ho , Chin Mi Hyung , Lee Seung Hee , Choi Jung Min , Lee Gi Dong
Published: August 2010

A single gap transflective liquid crystal display driven by fringe electric field in the transmissive (T) region and vertical electric field in the reflective (R) region was designed with formation of high pretilt angle larger than 45°through polymerization of an UV curable reactive mesogen monomer at the surface in the R region, the effective cell retardation value becomes half of that in the T region where the LCs are homogenously aligned. Consequently, a transflective display driven by a vertical and fringe electric field with a single cell gap and single gamma curves is realized.
P‐145: New Configuration of Normally Black Transflective ECB LCD with Low Cost
Authors: Lim Jaeik , Uh Keehan , Kim Kyuseok , Yun Youngnam , Moon JiHye , Choi Sanghyun
Published: August 2010

The ECB LC Mode is generally normally white Mode and is used transflective Mode, By applying new configuration of LC, Film such as Polarizer, Retarder, We realized Normally black ECB transflective Mode which one configuration improve reflective property, the other configuration improve transmissive property such as Contrast Ratio. Finally, we acquired over 200:1 contrast Ratio, and 4% reflectance in condition of a diffusing light.
14.3: Distinguished Paper: White Point Calibration of Color Sequential Mobile Projector
Authors: Keh Yongchan , Park Munkue , Park Byeonghoon , Lee Jungkee , Jang Donghoon
Published: August 2010

Color sequential RGB LED driving architecture becomes popular for mobile projectors of which the output are under 10 lumens. One of the difficulties of color sequential projector lies in how to make white balance by mixing RGB color. LED bins and coupling tolerance are diverse so that they have sensitive effects on color temperature distribution. In this paper, the analyses of color temperature distribution and a practical calibration method will be presented.
P‐152: Efficient Single‐Layer Phosphorescent Green, Blue and White OLEDs Employing Large‐Triplet‐Energy and Ambipolar Hosts
Authors: Chen Chung‐Chia , Ke Tung‐Hui , Tsai Min‐Han , Wu Chung‐Chih , Grazulevicius Juozas V.
Published: August 2010

In this paper, we report an ambipolar host material with large triplet energies for single‐layer phosphorescent devices. Using such host material, we demonstrate efficient single‐layer green, blue and even white phosphorescent OLEDs.
P‐154: Broadband and Wide‐Viewing‐Angle Black Cathode of Organic Light‐Emitting Diode
Authors: Chiu Tien‐Lung , Xu Wei‐Feng , Lin Chi‐Feng , Lee Jiun‐Haw , Chao Chun‐Chieh , Leung Man‐Kit , Tsou Chuan‐Cheng , Lin Jin‐Ju , Shih Huai‐Ting
Published: August 2010

Combining the absorption effect of Ag‐doped organic matrix and micro‐cavity effects of metal‐organic‐metal structure as the black cathode, a low reflectance (between 4.5 and 17%) organic light emitting diode (OLED) within entire visible range (from 400 to 800 nm) was achieved without anti‐reflection coating. This device looks “black” at all the viewing angles (from 0° to 75°). J‐V characteristic and operation lifetime of the “black” OLED is as good as the control device with Al cathode.
P‐155: OLED Display Attached by Patterned Microlens Array for Light Extraction with Negligible Image Blur
Authors: Wei Mao‐Kuo , Fang Jheng‐Hao , Lin Hoang‐Yan , Lee Jiun‐Haw , Ho Yu‐Hsuan , Chen Kuan‐Yu , Hsu Sheng‐Chih
Published: August 2010

We demonstrate a 51.9% luminance enhancement with keeping the image quality index of the display as high as 94%, by attaching a patterned microlens array film on a commercial 2.0‐inch OLED display. By removing the microlens upon the emitting area, light rays in the glass substrate less than critical angle was effectively extracted, which increases the optical intensity and reduces the image blur at the same time.
P‐158: Highly Efficient Ionic p‐i‐n Phosphorescent OLEDs Made by Solution Processing
Authors: Lee Young In , Han Mi‐Young , Park Chan Hyuk , Kim Mi‐Na , Choi Eun Ha , Seo Yoon Ho , Cho Guangsup , Park Byoungchoo
Published: August 2010

We report efficient light‐emission from solution‐processed single‐layered phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes that were doped with ionic salt and treated with simultaneous electrical and thermal annealing. The simultaneous annealing induced proper formation of an ionic p‐i‐n structure. As experimental results, brightness and efficiency were improved over 35,000 cd/m2 and 40 lm/W.
P‐159: Decomposable Alkali Compounds for Transparent Cathodes in OLEDs
Authors: Duan Lian , Qiu Yong , Zhang Guo Hui , Song Liu , Ren Xue Yan
Published: August 2010

Efficient top‐emission and transparent OLEDs with decomposable alkali compounds as the electron injection layer have been developed. The alkali compounds, such as alkali nitrides and carbonates, decomposed during vacuum thermal evaporation to liberate alkali metals. Therefore, inert metals such as Ag can be used as the rear cathode. Top‐emission device with Li3N/Ag cathode showed a turn on voltage of less than 3.0 V, a current efficiency of 8.3 cd/A and a brightness of more than 105 cd/m2 at 10 V. Our study shows that alkali/Ag cathode is an excellent candidate for transparent cathode in top emission or transparent devices.
P‐161: Effectiveness of p‐Dopants in an Organic Hole Transporting Material
Authors: Lee Jae‐Hyun , Leem Dong‐Seok , Kim Hyong‐Jun , Kim Jang‐Joo
Published: August 2010

We investigated the effectiveness of p‐dopants such as CuI, MoO3 and ReO3 having different work functions to generate holes in a hole transporting material of 4,4′,4″‐tris(N‐(2‐naphthyl)‐N‐phenyl‐amino)‐triphenylamine (2TNATA). Dopants with larger work function (ReO3>MoO3>CuI) are more effective in the formation of CT complexes and in the generation of the charges.
P‐164: Surface Plasmon Mediated Luminescent Enhancement of Polymer LEDs Using Dual‐Functional Hole‐Injection Layer
Authors: Cheng Pi‐Ju , Cheng Jung‐An , Lin Zong‐Wei , Tien Chung‐Hao
Published: August 2010

A hole‐injection‐layer in PLED with a plasmonic metal nanostructure was demonstrated. Dual‐functional Au nanoparticles‐incorporated PEDOT:PSS matrix layer revealed a 2.3x increase in fluorescence quantum yields from MEH‐PPV, via dipolar surface plasmon resonance. with an additional spacer layer, the nanocompostie layer remarkably enhanced the PL intensity of MEH‐PPV more than ten fold.
P‐196L: Late‐News Poster: Micro‐Cavity Design of RGBW AMOLED for Wide Color Gamut and Low Color Shift
Authors: Lee Baek‐woon , Hwang Young In , Lee Hae‐yeon , Kim Sungchul , Kim Sangsoo , Ju Young‐gu
Published: August 2010

Previously, we reported two optical structures for bottom‐emitting white OLED, exhibiting wide color gamut (> 100% NTSC) and high (> 40%) transmission through color filter. The panels employed RGBW color system for efficiency. The color shifts at oblique angles for the individual R, G, B, and R+G+B were maintained below Δu'v' < 0.02@ 60°. However, the colors produced by the combination of R/G/B subpixels and W subpixels exhibit large color shift when viewed at oblique angles because the luminance profiles, as a function of viewing angle, of the R/G/B which employ strong resonance, and the W which has weak resonance, are very different. In this report, we present a novel optical architecture for the W‐subpixel. The color shift for the W‐ subpixel was reduced from Δu'v' = 0.059 to 0.026 and the luminance profile was much closer to those of R/G/B subpixels. The efficiency of the W‐subpixel with the new structure was on the same level as that of the conventional, plain, weak‐resonance structure.
P‐172: A Same 0.38” Liquid‐Crystal‐On‐Silicon Backplane for Color‐Sequential and Color‐Filter Projector Applications
Authors: Wong Chiu‐Ho , Huang Ho‐Chi , Ho Yung‐Yuan
Published: August 2010

We present a 0.38″ liquid‐crystal‐on‐Silicon (LCOS) backplane for color‐sequential and color‐filter microdisplays. This LCOS has a monochrome VGA resolution for color‐sequential operation, and could become a QVGA display when RGBW color filters are coated. with a space dithering algorithm, we also demonstrated a virtual VGA resolution on the color‐filter mode.
P‐174: Ultra Compact Projection System for Mobile Application
Authors: Großmann Constanze , Vogel Uwe , Lippmann Uwe , Riehemann Stefan , Notni Gunther
Published: August 2010

An ultra compact projection system for mobile application based on OLED microdisplay has been developed. This OLED projection system will be integrated into a wearable optical system like mobile phone or PDA. System design and realized prototype of the projection lens will be presented.
16.3: Polymer Network LCD Driven by Printed OTFTs on a Plastic Substrate
Authors: Yase K. , Matsuoka K. , Kina O. , Koutake M. , Noda K. , Yonehara H.
Published: August 2010

We have prepared organic thin‐film‐transistor array with large area and high precision, 6 inch diameter and 200 ppi, by using microcontact printing method. And we have succeeded in driving a polymer network liquid crystal display (PNLCD).
17.1: Comparison of Motion‐Blur Measurement Methods
Authors: Watson Andrew B.
Published: August 2010

Motion blur is a significant display property for which accurate, valid, and robust measurement methods are needed. Recent motion blur measurements of a set of eight displays by a set of six measurement devices provided an opportunity to evaluate techniques of measurement and analysis. We found significant discrepancies between instruments, and variability within instruments.
18.4: Distinguished Student Paper: Two‐Color‐Field Sequential Method for Color‐Filter‐Free MVA‐LCDs
Authors: Cheng Yu‐Kuo , Cheng Yi‐Ru , Huang Yi‐Pai , Shieh Han‐Ping D.
Published: August 2010

A novel displaying method, two‐color‐field driving scheme, was proposed for field‐sequential‐color LCDs without color filters. The least number of fields alleviated the demand for fast response LC modes in sequential‐type LCDs. The proposed method reproduced full color images with acceptable colorimetric reproduction accuracy, average ΔE00ave<3. Furthermore, less chrominance difference between the two fields was beneficial to suppress color break‐up.
19.4: Luminescence Characteristics of YAl3B4O12: Tb3+ Phosphor for PDP Application
Authors: Kim Ji Hyun , Kim MinJu , Song JayHyok , Choi IckKyu , Park DoHyung , You YongChul , You YongChan , Kim YunChang , Zang DongSik
Published: August 2010

Photoluminescence(PL) characteristics under vacuum ultraviolet(VUV) region of Tb3+ doped yttrium aluminium borate phosphor were investigated for Plasma Display panel(PDP) application. The single‐phase green emitting Y1−xTbxAl3B4O12(YAB: Tb3+) powder phosphors were prepared with various Tb3+ ion concentration. As a result, the intensity around 147nm of excitation spectrum in YAB: Tb3+ decrease slightly with increase of Tb3+ ion concentration due to concentration quenching behavior, but on the contrary, the intensity of 172nm increase with increase of Tb3+ ion concentration due to attributing the 4f8 → 4f7 5d1 transition of Tb3+ [1]. However in the result of gas discharge chamber test which has the same gas mixture as real PDP, relative PL luminance of YAB: Tb3+ increase with increase of Tb3+ ion concentration due to effect of increasing absorption at 172nm. Besides, YAB: Tb3+ with high Tb3+ ion concentration (x=0.7) has higher VUV luminance saturation property than low Tb3+ ion concentration (x=0.4) since high Tb3+ ion concentration phosphor has more activators than lower one which can react with VUV photon in unit volume.
5.1: Invited Paper: Development of E‐Paper Color Display Technologies
Authors: Henzen Alex
Published: August 2010

Electronic paper devices based on electrophoretic layers, large or small, are for now limited to greyscale reproduction of (semi)static information. for the present, this will be acceptable. However, the longer term will require ever more and better colors. The final goal must be a color image that challenges the performance of a color photograph. This paper describes the technical challenges and possible solutions.
26.2: Preferred Orientation Formation of MgO Layer during Ion Beam Assisted Deposition Process
Authors: Yu Hak Ki , Kim Woong‐Kwon , Lee Jong‐Lam , Park Eung Chul , Kim Jae Sung , Ryu Jae Hwa
Published: August 2010

MgO films deposited on Si (111) and Al2O3 (0006) substrate have only (111) diffraction independent of film thickness while those on Si (100) substrate have preferred orientation change from (200) to (111) as film thickened due to the highest adatom mobility of (200) plane. By using ion beam assisted deposition, the crystal structure of MgO could be controlled via adjusting adatom mobility.
27.1: An Area‐Effective Source Driver with 12‐Bit Linear DAC for Large‐Size TFT‐LCDs
Authors: Yang Ik‐Seok , Kang Jin‐Seong , Kwon Oh‐Kyong , Beak Jong‐Hak , Jung Ji‐Woon , Choi Yoon‐Kyung , Lee Myunghee
Published: August 2010

An area‐effective 12‐bit linear digital‐to‐analog converter (DAC) of source driver is proposed for large‐Size TFT‐LCDs. The proposed DAC is composed of resistor‐string DAC for MSB 6‐bit, current DAC for LSB 6‐bit and interpolation amplifiers. To reduce the area of DAC, 6‐bit current DAC is designed using low voltage devices. We designed and fabricated the source driver with the proposed DAC using 0.13 μm process with 2.5 V low voltage devices and 16 V high voltage devices. One channel layout area is 17.5 μm × 600 μm, which is shrunk by 15% compared with that of 8‐bit resistor‐string DAC. The experimental results show that the output voltage deviation is less than 3.5 mV.
27.4: A 10‐Bit Serial Integration‐Type DAC Architecture for AMLCD Column Drivers
Authors: Kim Ki‐Duk , Woo Young‐Jin , Lee Sung‐Woo , Jeon Yong‐Joon , Jeon Jin‐Yong , Yang Jun‐Hyeok , Park Kyu‐Sung , Baek Jong‐Hak , Cho Gyu‐Hyeong
Published: August 2010

A 10‐bit serial integration‐type DAC architecture based on discrete‐time integrator using switched‐capacitor structure is proposed for AMLCD column drivers in this paper. This proposed serial DAC architecture can dramatically reduces its size by minimizing the size of capacitors used for integration using a simple capacitor swapping algorithm per frame. The design of the proposed DAC was dedicated to mobile application and has been fabricated in 0.35μm 3.3V CMOS process.
28.2: 3.5 Inch VGA TFT LCD with System‐On‐Glass Technology for Automotive Applications
Authors: Nakatogawa Hirondo , Tsunashima Takanori , Aoki Yoshiro , Motai Tomonobu , Tada Masahiro , Ishida Arichika , Nakamura Hiroki
Published: August 2010

We have developed a 3.5 inch VGA TFT LCD with Capacitively Coupled Dot Inversion (CCDI) driving for automotive applications using System‐on‐Glass Technology (SOG). A drastic reduction in the number of connecting points (one‐tenth), low power consumption and high display quality have been achieved compared with conventional a‐Si TFT LCDs.
28.3: Pixel Parasitic Capacitance Modification with Embedded Gate Driver on Panel for a‐Si High Resolution Technology Scheme
Authors: Peng Jen‐Chieh , Yan Shuoting , Hung Owen , Hsieh Tsau‐Hua , Yang Chiulien , Pang Jia‐Pang
Published: August 2010

The 2.4‐inch VGA (332 ppi) has been fulfilled and demonstrated by a‐Si technology with the modification of pixel parasitic capacitance and embedded a‐Si gate driver on panel. with the pixel design regarding the compensation of parasitic capacitance of source line to pixel ITO electrode, the a‐Si high resolution panel with 332 ppi meets the requirements of electrical and optical performance for TFTLCDs as a result. Also, it shows the opportunity for entry of a‐Si high resolution technology with a lower cost process flow.
29.2: Switchable Transmissive and Reflective LCD for Mobile Displays
Authors: Ge Zhibing , Zhu Xinyu , Wu Thomas X. , Wu Shin‐Tson , Li Wang‐Yang , Wei Chung‐Kuang
Published: August 2010

A wide‐view switchable transmissive and reflective (STAR) liquid crystal display (LCD) in response to different ambient light conditions is proposed. This STAR LCD adopts a single cell gap multi‐domain vertical alignment (MVA) cell that exhibits high transmittance (T) and high reflectance (R), and a good match between the VT and VR curves.
30.1: Invited Paper: Charge Balance in Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Chopra Neetu , Lee Jaewon , So Franky
Published: August 2010

In this paper, we study effect of charge balance on performance of blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Charge balance determines the location of recombination zone in the OLEDs. By tuning the charge balance in iridium (III) bis[(4,6‐di‐fluorophenyl)‐pyridinate‐N,C2′]picolinate (FIrpic) based blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting devices (PHOLEDs) with a high mobility and high triplet energy electron transporting material, we were able to achieve a high current efficiency of 60 cd/A which is a 3X improvement over previous devices with 3,5′‐N,N′‐dicarbazole‐benzene (mCP) host.
30.3: White Fluorescent PIN OLED with High Efficiency and Lifetime for Display Applications
Authors: Murano Sven , Kucur Erol , He Gufeng , Blochwitz‐Nimoth Jan , Hatwar Tukaram K. , Spindler Jeffrey , Van Slyke Steven
Published: August 2010

Highly efficient and stable white PIN OLED structures based on Kodak's proprietary emitters and Novaled's proprietary p‐ and n‐type dopants have been developed with a focus on AMOLED display applications. At color coordinates of 0.33/0.36, a current efficiency of 15.1 cd/A at a voltage of 3.0 V was achieved at 1000 cd/m2 brightness. The lifetime of this device is 27,000 hours at a starting luminance of 1000 cd/m2. The spectrum of the devices contains a contribution from four emitters (RGBY) and the emission of the presented OLED structures is therefore ideally suited for use in RGBW AMOLED displays. with variations of the blocking layers, the device efficiency can be increased to 16.8 cd/A, which corresponds to an external quantum efficiency of 7.3%. The results in this paper are based on a joint research effort between Eastman Kodak Company and Novaled.
32.5L:Late‐News Paper: Multitouch Pixilated Force Sensing Touch Screen
Authors: Li Hao , Wei Yi , Li Haifeng , Young Steve , Convey Diana , Lewis Jonathan , Maniar Papu
Published: August 2010

In this paper we discuss the advantages of direct touch detection with pixilated force sensing in eliminating false readings and improving accuracy in locating touch centers. We also show the properties of the transparent force sensing layer and demonstrate a 3.5 inch prototype touch panel that senses both location and force of touch actions and is multitouch capable.
33.1: Implementation of Mobile Hi‐Resolution TFT‐LCD with Color‐Sequential Driving Schema
Authors: Ying‐Chung Su , Jhen‐Shen Liao , Yi‐Nan Chu , Wen‐Tse Tseng , Hong‐Tien Yu
Published: August 2010

Chunghwa Picture Tubes LTD. has successfully developed the 2.8‐inch TN‐type mobile hi‐resolution TFT‐LCD module using color‐sequential driving method in 5‐mask a‐Si Processes. DT‐LPAD structure is designed specially for the mobile hi‐resolution TFT‐LCD, which can make the data addressing period and BRD addressing period overlapped in color‐sequential driving period. Due to the overlapped driving, we can attain the scanning‐BL driving method and four fields driving methods to improve the efficiency of transmission and to reduce color‐breakup phenomenon. Hence, the driving frequency and power consumption are reduced directly and the display shows better quality. The main features of our mobile hi‐resolution display module include 480 × 640 resolution, TN Type Liquid Crystal (Response Time is less than 5ms by high speed TN LC and low cell gap), wider color gamut and high color expression characteristic (NTSC 96%), and the BL power consumption is similar to commercial 2.8‐inch TFT‐LCD.
34.1: Recent Improvements for Applications of Droplet‐Driven Electrowetting Displays [D3]
Authors: Blankenbach Karlheinz , Jentsch Michael , Bitman Andrij , Bartels Frank , Rawert Juergen , Jerosch Dieter
Published: August 2010

First applications of a new electrowetting display approach have been developed by adt. This technique is environmental friendly because of its bistability (e.g. replacement of LED indicators), and materials used. Those displays are highly suitable for household applications because they appear white in powerless state. Printer‐like subtractive color mixture and high ambient light contrast ratio pave the way towards electronic billboards.
35.1: Invited Paper: Electrical Doping for High Performance Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kim Jang‐Joo , Leem Dong‐Seok , Lee Jae‐Hyun
Published: August 2010

Novel p‐dopants of ReO3 and CuI, and an n‐dopant of Rb2CO3 have been developed. Among many other p‐dopants, ReO3 possesses superior characteristics of low temperature deposition, efficient charge generation and increasing the device lifetime. The absorption intensity of CT complexes and current‐voltage characteristics revealed that charge generation in p‐doped hole transporting layers is more effective when the work function of the dopant is larger. High performance OLEDs have been fabricated using the p‐ and n‐dopants, including the low driving voltage p‐i‐n phosphorescent OLEDs, high power efficiency of tandem OLEDs using ReO3 doped NPB/ReO3 (1 nm)/Rb2CO3 doped Bphen as the interconnection unit, and top emission OLEDs using CuI doped NPB as the hole injection layer from Ag electrode.
35.4: Stable and Efficient Organic Light Emitting Diodes Based on a Single Host of p‐Doped and n‐Doped Layers
Authors: Ho Meng‐Huan , Hsieh Ming‐Ta , Chen Jenn‐Fang , Lin Kuan‐Heng , Chen Chin H.
Published: August 2010

A power‐efficient and stable organic light emitting diode with a simplified structure based on 2‐methyl‐9,10‐di(2‐naphthyl)anthracene (MADN) has been developed. The incorporation of 10% tungsten oxide (WO3) into MADN and 15% cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) into MADN has been found to improve the hole and electron injection, respectively. Based on this work, it is anticipated that p‐i‐n OLEDs fabrication process can be considerably simplified and the bill of materials cost can reduced by using one ambipolar host for both the p‐ and n‐doped carrier transport layers.
6.3: Enhancement of Field Emission on Surface Conduction Electron‐Emitters
Authors: Cheng Hui‐Wen , Li Yiming
Published: August 2010

In this work, a novel nanogap with inclined protrusion cathode in palladium strip fabricated by hydrogen absorption under high pressure treatment is optimized for the surface conduction electron emitter. The results of our previous study had shown that the field emission property of the tested structure is superior to conventional one with a coplanar cathode. for a specified emitter material, the surface conduction electron‐emitters (SCE) are further investigated by varying the thickness, tilted angle and gap of palladium (Pd). An optimal field emission efficiency with 80° tilted angle, 120 nm gap and 10 nm thickness of Pd is found for certain designed field emission efficiency. We further find that varying the emitter material work function of the emitter material from 5.12 eV to 3.9 eV will further improve the field emission property due to the increase of the emitted current.
37.1: Invited Paper: 1‐mm Diameter, Full‐color Scanning Fiber Pico Projector
Authors: Schowengerdt Brian T. , Lee Cameron M. , Johnston Richard S. , Melville C. David , Seibel Eric J.
Published: August 2010

Media playback capabilities of mobile devices demand a large display in a small package. We have developed a 1‐mm x 9‐mm scan engine, projecting full‐color images through a vibrating optical fiber tip and miniature lens system. Connected by optical fiber, the projection head and RGB light sources can be distributed across the mobile device.
7.1: Invited Paper: Analysis for Reduction of Power Consumption in PDP
Authors: Lee Byung Hak , Chung Woo Joon , Kim Tae Jun , Kim Tae Seong , Seok Ju Gon , Jung Yeon Sung
Published: August 2010

We constructed simple model that characterizes overall behaviors of PDP power and luminance using five measurable indexes. By characterizing various design factors by measurable indexes, we can easily compare power consumptions of them on the conditions of same luminance and same video signal input. This comparison gives deep insight in reducing power consumption through overall optimization of cell structures, materials, gas, and driving schemes.
38.2: A Novel Design for Internal Touch Display
Authors: Sheng‐Zeng Peng , Shin‐Chung Huang , Shih‐Hung Huang , Yi‐Nan Chu , Wen‐Tse Tseng , Hong‐Tien Yu
Published: August 2010

Chunghwa Picture Tubes LTD has developed an innovative design of touch panel embedded in LCD which includes a capacitive type touch panel and integrates Color Sequence Display (CSD). Compared with the former design, the new design employs dual side coating structure, the X and Y sensor traces are coated on single layer and it provides higher transparency, lower interference, higher yield and improved touch sensitivity. Furthermore, the new structure is also coated thin films on single side for External Touch Panel. It can be produced flexibly depends on customers' demand. In additional, we have integrated with Color Sequential Display to provide the wider color gamut and higher transparency.
39.2: Fast‐Switching Flexoelectric Display Device with High Contrast
Authors: Castles Flynn , Morris Stephen M. , Coles Harry J.
Published: August 2010

The flexoelectro‐optic effect provides a fast switching mechanism (τ90‐10 ∼ 10–100 μs) suitable for use in field‐sequential‐color, full motion video displays. An in‐plane field is applied to a short‐pitch chiral nematic liquid crystal aligned in the Uniform Standing Helix (or Grandjean) texture. The display performance is presented as a function of device parameters.
3.2: Digital Drive with White OLEDs
Authors: Kawabe Kazuyoshi , Tsujimura Takatoshi , Mizukoshi Seiichi , Mori Nobuyuki , Onomura Koichi , Van Slyke Steven A. , Spindler Jeffrey P. , Pleten Anatole , Fallon Kenneth M.
Published: August 2010

2T1C digital drive has been investigated with stable white OLEDs. A 2.5″ QVGA digital drive AMOLED prototype exhibited quite stable lifetime under constant voltage stress. The lifetime (T50) of an OLED device with 40% aperture ratio was over 5,000 h at an initial condition of 442 cd/m2 while the T50 at an initial condition of 175 cd/m2 is estimated to be over 20,000 h even under constant voltage stress. Motion artifacts are also improved with an automatic refresh rate conversion with less impact on power consumption.
41.1: Viewing Direction Controllable Three‐Dimensional Display Based on Integral Imaging
Authors: Park Jae‐Hyeung , Shin Minyoung , Kim Nam
Published: August 2010

A novel method to control the viewing direction of the integral imaging based three‐dimensional display using the 4‐f illumination optics is proposed. Based on integral imaging principle, the light from the point light source array is modulated by the spatial light modulator, displaying three‐dimensional images. The viewing direction of the three‐dimensional image is determined by the diverging direction of the light emanating from each relayed point light source. In the proposed method, a 4‐f optics with a dynamic aperture in the Fourier plane relays the point light source array to the spatial light modulator. The dynamic aperture acts as a band‐pass filter in the Fourier plane, effectively controlling the diverging direction of the light from the point light sources. Resultantly, the proposed system can control the viewing direction of the three‐dimensional image dynamically. The proposed method can be combined with the head tracking system, providing the three‐dimensional image over large viewing angles.
42.3: Investigation of Interaction between Rubbing Cloth and Pattern Structure on the In‐Plane‐Switching Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Son Kyung‐mo , Kim Sung‐ki , Lee Jae‐won , Park Seung‐ryull , Yang Joon‐young , Yang Myung‐Soo , Kang In‐Byung , Chung In‐Jae
Published: August 2010

We proposed a new mechanism of interaction between rotation of filaments in the rubbing cloth and structure of patterns on the substrate. Using this mechanism, we introduced a new method of rubbing which uses two kinds of rubbing cloths to improve the rubbing density. And we obtained that black luminance decrease.
7.3: High‐Luminance Ultra‐High‐Resolution PDPs with Twin‐Path Coplanar Discharge Cells
Authors: Hirano Yoshikuni , Ishii Keiji , Usui Takenobu , Murakami Yukio
Published: August 2010

In order to improve the luminescence characteristics of ultra‐high‐resolution plasma display panels (PDPs), we have developed a new coplanar electrode structure that involves the use of twin‐path discharges. By using this structure, the horizontal dark space between the vertical cells was reduced to 43%, and the luminance was improved to 1.3 times of that when the conventional striped barrier rib structure is used.
42.4: Characterization of Electrochemically‐Active Defects in Si‐Film Laser‐Crystallized with Directional SLS by Measuring the Stress Release during Secco Etching
Authors: Sasaki Nobuo , Kitahara Kuninori , Yamamoto Kenichi
Published: August 2010

It has been verified that the crystal quality of directional SLS film achieves a position between those of ELC and CLC. The SLS film contains some electrochemically‐active in‐grain defects, which is hard to be passivated by hydrogen; this kind of defects are not observed in CLC nor ELC films.
45.3: Quasi‐Impulsive Driving for High‐Speed Operation of a Homogeneous Aligned LC Cell with 3‐Electrode Structure
Authors: Kim Ki‐Han , Baek Jong‐In , Kim Jae Chang , Yoon Tae‐Hoon
Published: August 2010

We propose a method for quasi‐impulsive driving of a homogeneous‐aligned liquid crystal cell by using 3‐electode structure. At the beginning of every frame, liquid crystals are momentarily vertical‐aligned, followed by twist deformation to show a bright state, by which gray to gray as well as turn‐on and turn‐off responses can be improved. In comparison with conventional driving scheme applicable to 2‐electrode cells, we demonstrate by experiment that a liquid crystal cell with the 3‐electrode structure can be operated as an impulsive‐type display by the proposed method.
46.1: Invited Paper: Exciton Induced Chemical Reactions in Organic Light Emitting Devices
Authors: Scholz Sebastian , Meerheim Rico , Lüssem Björn , Leo Karl
Published: August 2010

We show that chemical reactions are the major intrinsic degradation mechanisms in high‐performance organic light emitting devices. The resulting reaction products create deep traps, non‐radiative recombination centers, and luminescence quenchers in organic devices. The main reaction pathways, induced by excitons are fragmentations, oligomerizations, and complexations. We show that laser‐desorbed mass spectroscopy can be used as a predictive method to compare different materials in terms of the expected lifetime for OLEDs.
46.2: Invited Paper: Enhanced Long‐Term Stabilities in Fluorescent and Phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Device
Authors: Murata Hideyuki , Matsushima Toshinori
Published: August 2010

In this paper, we have investigate that the degradation mechanism of OLEDs using Alq3 and FIrpic as emitting materials. for the Alq3 device, ultra‐thin layers of MoO3 significantly enhance the device durability. The optimized MoO3 thickness was 0.75 nm, realizing the lowest voltage and the longest lifetime. We found that the device stabilities strongly depend on the process pressure during the device fabrication. In both fluorescent and phosphorescent emitting materials, the devices fabricated under UHV conditions demonstrated excellent long‐term stabilities.
46.4: OLEDs Containing an Emissive Dinuclear Copper(I) Dopant
Authors: Deaton Joseph C. , Kondakov Denis Y. , Young Ralph H. , Pawlik Thomas D. , Peters Jonas C. , Mickenberg Seth F. , Eisenberg Richard S.
Published: August 2010

A dinuclear copper(I) complex having high luminescence quantum yield was doped into vapor‐deposited OLEDs. The reduction potentials of the host materials correlated with whether the molecular emission or exciplex emission was obtained. The maximum external quantum efficiency obtained for this green emissive dopant was 16%. Device characteristics were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and photoluminescence.
47.1: Invited Paper: Human Vision in Complex Environments
Authors: Hayhoe Mary
Published: August 2010

Acuity, attention, and working memory all limit the acquisition of information by human subjects in natural environments. We show that stimulus salience is a relatively minor factor. Instead, information is selectively acquired to subserve specific behavioral goals, and relies heavily on learning the statistical structure of the environment.
47.3: The Advanced Algorithm for Band Mura Analysis and Quantification in LCD Panels
Authors: Chen Chien‐Wen , Hsu Ming‐Chun , Fang Yen‐Wen , Kuo Chia‐Chia , Wang Ko‐Shun
Published: August 2010

To inspect band mura of LCD panels, it is realized to replace human eyes by CCD measurement system with an advanced algorithm. The analyzed results not only qualitatively describe band mura but also are used to define quantification factors which have good agreement with judged values of several inspectors.
47.4: A Novel Algorithm for Over‐Drive Optimization
Authors: Fang Yen Wen , Chen Jung Feng , Dong Ren Lang , Wang Ko Shun
Published: August 2010

Generating OD look‐up table (LUT) of LCD is a cumbersome and time‐consuming process. We employ subjective experiment to obtaining optimum OD gray level. Based on the experiment results, a novel algorithm is proposed for generating optimum OD LUT. Combined with measurement system, OD LUT can be generated automatically and effectively.
48.2: Ultra Thin IPS‐Pro LCD‐TVs Using Simple Side‐Edge Backlight with RGB‐LED and Novel Heat Radiation Structure
Authors: Konno Akitoyo , Abe Makoto , Aono Yoshinori , Nakamura Kiyomi , Tsumura Makoto , Hiyama Ikuo , Nishijima Noriyo , Oohashi Shigeo
Published: August 2010

A 37‐inch LCD‐TV monitor with a thickness of 15.1 mm at the thinnest part has been developed. Light sources were RGB‐LED ones located at the side edge of the light guide. Light sources mounted close together directly on ceramic substrate led to improved color uniformity of backlight. Furthermore, light use was more efficient because light sources were cooled by a new radiation structure.
48.3: Ultra‐Slim TV Module Technology
Authors: Choi Seong Sik , Bae Hyun Chul , Kim Woo Jun , Choi Jae Chang , Yang Byung Choon , Kang Eui Jeong , Jang Tae Seok
Published: August 2010

Slim LCD‐TV is spreading as a trend in the market. Thin LCD module technology is essential for making slim TVs and many supporting technologies are being developed by LCD manufacturers. Reduction of LCD module thickness poses significant technical challenges, especially for material deformation and thermal management. New work in this area has been focused on structural design, LED packaging, and global dimming technology for low power consumption, culminating in the development of a 52” 9.8mm thick module and a 40” 7.9mm thick LCD‐TV set which have been shown to be mass producible with high reliability.
50.1: Advanced Local Dimming and Scanning LED Backlight Driving System Using Novel Driver IC
Authors: Lee Ki‐Chan , Choi Kyoung‐Uk , Lee Sang‐Gil , Park Yun‐Jae , Ko Hyun‐Seok , Moon Seung‐Hwan , Berkeley Brian H.
Published: August 2010

This paper presents novel LED backlight driving technology with a fully embedded LED driver LC. This driving system and IC feature a high speed Reduced Swing Differential Signaling (RSDS) interface, an independent PWM controller with high resolution programming, and embedded scan logic. To get high efficiency from the boost converter, highly advanced dynamic headroom control technology has been implemented onto the IC. The embedded current boosting function showed almost no brightness reduction when operated in scanning mode. The scanning function of the system improved motion blur scores about 30% compared with a non‐scanning LCD panel.
51.2: Improvement of Reflectance and Contrast Ratio of Low‐Power‐Driving, Bendable, Color Electronic Paper Using Ch‐LCs
Authors: Kurosaki Yoshihisa , Kiyota Yoshinori , Ikeda Kouzou , Tadaki Shinji , Tomita Junji , Yoshihara Toshiaki
Published: August 2010

We have newly developed flexible electronic paper using an easily‐controlled adhesive column spacer that forms cell gaps and improves the aperture ratio without using bead spacers. The reflectance of this new, flexible, full‐color prototype with low‐ power driving is 33%, its contrast is over 6, and it can display 262,144 colors.
52.4L: Late News Paper: Continuous Control of Spatially‐Homogeneous Nematic Pretilt Angle Using Mixtures of Two Polyimide Alignment Materials
Authors: Lee Ji‐Hoon , Clarke Christopher M. , Rosenblatt Charles , Kang Daeseung
Published: August 2010

We show that certain mixtures of polyimides that induce planar and vertical alignment do not microphase separate, yet provide continuous control of pretilt angle vs. their relative concentration. The results, which demonstrate that variable pretilt does not require microphase separation, are explained by the addition of fourth order terms to the usual Rapini‐Papoular surface energy.
53.1: Invited Paper: Creation Processes and Elements of TFT LCD and OLED Business Ecosystems
Authors: Lääperi Antti
Published: August 2010

The paper is reviewing the development of TFT LCD and OLED innovation and business ecosystems. The purpose of the analysis is to understand the differencies and similarities between LCD and OLED ecosystems in order to help OLED industry to focus on essential elements in ramping up the healthy ecosystem.
53.2: Invited Paper: Large‐Area Color‐Patterning Technology for AMOLED
Authors: Suh Min Chul , Kang Tae Min , Cho Sung Woo , Kwon Young Gil , Kim Hye Dong , Chung Ho Kyoon
Published: August 2010

In this paper, we describe a novel color patterning method for the fabrication of large area full‐color AMOLEDs. Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI) is a laser addressed thermal patterning technology with unique advantages such as excellent uniformity of transfer film thickness, capability of multilayer stack transfer, high resolution and scalability to large‐Size mother glass. We developed and optimized transfer films, structure of OLED layers, and laser scanning conditions for the patterning of evaporated small molecules. As a result, we achieved excellent LITI device stability which yielded the device life time more than 25,000 hrs at 250 cd/m2 white brightness.