bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Administração pública consensual e a responsabilidade subsidiária da Súmula nº 331 do TST
Authors: Santos Murillo Giordan
Published: January 2020

Consensual public administration and secondary liability in TST Precedent Nº 331 O presente artigo propõe a adoção de instrumentos consensuais de solução de controvérsias, como o termo de ajustamento de conduta e a mediação, por parte da administração pública, para a destinação aos trabalhadores terceirizados das verbas retidas nos contratos de prestação de serviços. Faz uso do método teórico para a análise das fontes bibliográficas sobre o assunto e do método empírico (indutivo) para a análise dos casos concretos. Ao final constata que os instrumentos consensuais propostos oferecem melhor solução para a proteção dos direitos sociais dos trabalhadores envolvidos. This article proposes the adoption of consensual mechanisms for dispute resolution, such as consent decrees and mediation, by the Public Administration, for the allocation of the monies withheld in services agreements to outsourced workers. It makes use of the theoretical method for analysis of sources on the subject and the empirical (“inductive”) method for the analysis of specific cases. The conclusion is that the proposed consensual mechanisms offer better solutions for the protection of social rights of workers.
O Fundo Federal de Defesa dos Direitos Difusos e o desvio de finalidade na aplicação de seus recursos
Authors: Vitorelli Edilson , Oliveira Matheus Rodrigues
Published: January 2020

The Federal Fund in Defense of Diffuse Rights and the misuse of its resources Este artigo analisa, empiricamente, a gestão Fundo Federal de Defesa dos Direitos Difusos (FDD), mecanismo de reparação fluida dos direitos coletivos lesados e não reparados, criado pela Lei nº 7.347, de 1985. O exame do problema demonstra que, embora a arrecadação de receitas tenha sido elevada, ao longo dos últimos anos, a União não aplica os recursos aportados ao fundo, mantendo-os em caixa com o objetivo de realizar políticas públicas de superávit, não relacionadas com a origem dos recursos. Conclui que esse comportamento viola a Constituição e a própria razão de existir do fundo. This paper, using empirical data, analyses the administration of the Federal Fund for Diffuse Rights (FDD), which is intended, in Brazil, as a mechanism to indemnify groups whose rights have been violated and not redressed. The Fund was created by Law 7.347 of 1985. Our examination of the topic shows that, although substantial revenues amounts have been collected for the fund in the last few years, the money has not been used by the federal government for the purpose intended, but has been withheld in order to comply with public policy for a budget surplus. The paper concludes that this behavior violates the constitution and the very cause of the fund’s existence.
Disputa licitatória entre bancos para administração de depósitos judiciais
Authors: Hossepian Junior Conselheiro Arnaldo
Published: January 2020

Bidding Dispute Between Banks for Administration of Court Deposits
Mineralogical and Fluid Inclusions Study of Epithermal Type Veins Intruding the Volcanic Rocks of the Kornofolia Area, Evros, NE Greece.
Authors: Aravani Foteini , Papadopoulou Lambrini , Melfos Vasileios , Soldatos Triantafillos , Zorba Triantafillia , Voudouris Panagiotis
Published: January 2020

The volcanic rocks of Kornofolia area, Evros, host a number of epithermal-type veins. The host rocks are Oligocene calc-alkaline andesites to rhyo-dacites. The andesites form hydrothermal breccias and show hydrothermal alteration. The veins comprise mainly silica polymorphs such as quartz, chalcedony and three types of opal (milky white, transparent and green). Amethyst also forms in veins at the same area. Apart from the silica polymorphs, the veins are accompanied by calcite and zeolites. The main aim of this study is the characterization of the silica polymorphs. Using FT-IR analyses, variations in the crystal structure of the three opals were recognized. The green opal is found to be more amorphous than the other two types. Fluid-inclusion measurements were performed in calcite and were compared with amethyst from previous studies. The Th is between 121-175 °C and the Te between -22.9 and -22.4 °C. The salinities range from 0.9 to 4.5 wt % NaCl equiv.
A Branch-Price-and-Cut Procedure for the Discrete Ordered Median Problem
Authors: Deleplanque Samuel , Labbé Martine , Ponce Diego , Puerto Justo
Published: January 2020

The discrete ordered median problem (DOMP) is formulated as a set-partitioning problem using an exponential number of variables. Each variable corresponds to a set of demand points allocated to the same facility with the information of the sorting position of their corresponding costs. We develop a column generation approach to solve the continuous relaxation of this model. Then we apply a branch-price-and-cut algorithm to solve small- to large-sized instances of DOMP in competitive computational time.
Bad Greenwashing, Good Greenwashing: Corporate Social Responsibility and Information Transparency
Authors: Wu Yue , Zhang Kaifu , Xie Jinhong
Published: January 2020

With the growing popularity of corporate social responsibility (CSR), critics point out that firms tend to focus on salient CSR activities while slacking off on the unobservable ones, using CSR as a marketing gimmick. Firms’ emphasis on observable aspects and negligence of the unobservable aspects are often labeled as greenwashing. This paper develops a game-theoretic model of CSR investment, in which consumers are socially minded, but they can observe only a subset of CSR initiatives. Two types of firms are considered: those that are driven solely by profit maximization and those that are socially responsible, motivated not only by profit, but also by a genuine concern for the social good. Our analysis examines how information transparency affects a firm’s strategies and the social welfare, and we identify both positive and negative aspects of greenwashing. First, low transparency incentivizes a profit-driven firm to engage in greenwashing through observable investment. Greenwashing prevents consumers from making informed purchase decisions but raises overall CSR spending. Second, sufficiently high transparency eliminates greenwashing and can motivate a socially responsible firm to make extra observable investment under the threat of greenwashing on the part of a profit-driven firm. However, when transparency further increases, this extra investment diminishes. In addition, our paper studies the impacts of firms’ budget constraint and consumers’ bargaining power: Raising the budget and increasing consumers’ bargaining power can both lead to an inferior social outcome.

This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Experience, Consumers, and Fit: Disentangling Performance Implications of Preentry Technological and Market Experience in 2G Mobile Telephony
Authors: Eggers J. P. , Grajek Michał , Kretschmer Tobias
Published: January 2020

We offer theory and evidence about how the fit between firm experience (supply side) and consumer preferences (demand side) affects postentry performance into a new technology. Specifically, we explore different types of preentry experience (technological and market experience) and use different aspects of postentry performance to draw inferences about consumer heterogeneity. Preentry technological experience (same product and different consumers) helps firms attract a larger share of intensive users (aligning with early adopters) but only if they enter the market early when these adopters make decisions. Preentry market experience (different product and same consumers) helps firms attract a larger share of lighter users, consistent with characterizations of mass market users. Exploiting different components of firm performance in the global second-generation mobile telecommunications industry (average usage intensity and market penetration) allows us to articulate and identify the paths and mechanisms that allow preentry experience to affect postentry performance. The theory as well as important theoretical boundary conditions have implications for research on preentry experience, demand-side heterogeneity, and industry evolution.
Mechanotransduction in osteogenesis
Authors: Stewart Sarah , Darwood Alastair , Masouros Spyros , Higgins Claire , Ramasamy Arul
Published: January 2020

Bone is one of the most highly adaptive tissues in the body, possessing the capability to alter its morphology and function in response to stimuli in its surrounding environment. The ability of bone to sense and convert external mechanical stimuli into a biochemical response, which ultimately alters the phenotype and function of the cell, is described as mechanotransduction. This review aims to describe the fundamental physiology and biomechanisms that occur to induce osteogenic adaptation of a cell following application of a physical stimulus. Considerable developments have been made in recent years in our understanding of how cells orchestrate this complex interplay of processes, and have become the focus of research in osteogenesis. We will discuss current areas of preclinical and clinical research exploring the harnessing of mechanotransductive properties of cells and applying them therapeutically, both in the context of fracture healing and de novo bone formation in situations such as nonunion.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2019;9(1):1–14.
CUSTOMER DRIVEN QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF A SPECIFIC PRODUCT THROUGH AHP AND ENTROPY BASED QFD: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Karmaker Chitra Lekha , Halder Pobitra , Ahmed S.M. Tazim
Published: January 2020

Understanding the voice of the customers (VOCs) and properly incorporating their preferences and perceptions into the conceptual design process is the core step of customer-driven product development. To improve customer satisfaction and market profitability, the design team should have a customer-driven quality management and product development system. Quality function deployment (QFD) is an important customer-driven quality management tool that helps identify customer requirements and translate them into proper technical measures. This paper focuses on the application of the AHP and an entropy-based QFD approach on a manufacturing company to improve the quality of its product (blender) and determine the priorities for further improvement. The paper shows how customer requirements can be identified and applied to prioritize the design requirements for improving the quality of a blender. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is integrated to determine the final importance of the weights of the customer needs, and entropy is used to determine the set of priority ratings. This integrated framework can help achieve an effective evaluation of the final design solution for product development by overcoming the pitfalls of the traditional QFD approach. An application in a Bangladeshi company that produces blenders is presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach.
COMBINING AHP AND GOAL PROGRAMMING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ASSESSMENT OF E-LEARNING
Authors: De Castro-Pardo Monica , De la Fuente-Cabrero Concepcion , Laguna-Sanchez Pilar , Perez-Rodriguez Fernando
Published: January 2020

The Analytical Hierarchy Process is a very common method used in Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) to analyze participative assessments. However, due to the qualitative nature of this methodology, a high percentage of inconsistencies need to be addressed when analyzing user preferences. This work analyzes the efficiency of the Goal Programming model in order to reduce inconsistencies with pairwise comparisons when working with inexpert participants and time limitations. A case study has been carried out that assesses online courses in higher education with the Analytical Hierarchy Process in order to understand the usefulness and feasibility of the method. Evaluation of four e-learning tools (collaboration tools, content tools, tutorial sessions and evaluation tools) used in an online business degree were collected from 72 students through a ‘Saaty-type’ survey, and the model was applied to improve the consistency of these results. This model has been able to minimize the inconsistencies of individual preferences while avoiding the loss of primary information.
THE BEST MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE FOR THE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF UREA, USING AHP BASED TOPSIS
Authors: Ali Yousaf , Haroon Muhammad , Abdullah Muhammad , Khan Amin Ullah
Published: January 2020

Nitrogen is one of the most significant nutrients needed for the proper growth and development of crops and other plants. In synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, solid urea is the largest source of nitrogen (N) as a nutrient. Prilling, granulation, and hybrid systems are the commercial processes used for the production of urea. One of the biggest challenges involved in the determination and implementation of those alternatives is rationalized decision making.  The objective of this research study is to evaluate these processes by considering some of the significant attributes like profit, environmental friendliness, process flexibility and reliability to determine which process is the most optimal. The results show that the prilling process is the best technology for urea production. It is the most optimal process in terms of profitability and reliability, and is therefore widely used in the fertilizer industry. Prilling is not the best option when it comes to the environment when compared to granulation. The granulation process is not the best fit for the commercial production of urea because it is not a reliable process, especially for high agricultural demands and market competition. The results show that it would be very difficult to keep up with the rapid growth of the population using the granulation process. If the environmental and urea quality concerns are considered, the hybrid system is the highest priority and may be preferred.
THE DESIGN OF A PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR A FRUIT PROCESSING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER
Authors: Pacheco Bruna Cristine Scarduelli , Piratelli Claudio Luis , Silva Ethel Cristina Chiari , Belderrain Mischel Carmen Neyra
Published: January 2020

Several Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) are referred to in the literature, but there is little mention of the design stage in the construction of a PMS. The purpose of this paper is to design a performance measurement system capable of assisting management and continuously improving the production process of a manufacturer of food production equipment and maintenance service provider headquartered in the state of São Paulo. It is based on the method proposed by Piratelli (2010) called The Performance Prism (TPP) framework. It has two phases, and the first is based on the Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA) methodology; the second uses the Analytic Network Process (ANP), a Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method. Nine performance indicators were created to meet the needs presented by the stakeholders: the directors, quality coordinator, and production manager, given the faces of The Performance Prism. The construction of a PMS allowed the company being studied  to draw up strategy and management plans for the production process. The proposed method was shown to be effective when applied.
Phylogenetic of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) and others monocotyledon based on mitochondrial nad2 gene markers
Authors: Abbas Barahima , TJOLLI IHWAN , DAILAMI MUHAMMAD , MUNARTI
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Abbas B, Tjolli I, Dailami M, Munarti. 2019. Phylogenetic of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) and others monocotyledon based on mitochondrial nad2 gene markers. Biodiversitas 20: 2249-2256. Sago palm forest and sago palm semi cultivated are found in the Papua islands as well as Ambon and Seram islands. The diversity center of sago palm is found in the Papua Islands. The objectives of this study are revealed sequence DNA mitochondrial associated with nad2 genes in sago palm accessions and molecular phylogenetic of sago palm and other monocotyledon plants. Plant materials used in the studies were derived from Sago Research Center (SRC) and sequencing and other monocotyledon were retrieved from the GenBank, NCBI accessions. Young fresh leaflets were derived from the experimental field of SRC and DNA extraction by following the procedure of Plant Genomic DNA Mini Kit and then PCR performed by using nad2 primer sets. Thereafter, DNA PCR product was sequenced by Macrogen Inc., Seoul, Korea. Sequences of nad2 genes in sago palm accessions from Papua, Indonesia were registered by GenBank NCBI for further used in the future as biological authenticity from the certain location. Mitochondrial DNA sequences associated with nad2 genes in the genome of sago palm were shown no differences among sago palm accessions. Molecular phylogenetic of sago palm and others monocotyledon based on nad2 gene markers showed the sago palm and others monocotyledon incorporated into two major clades and five subclades. Sago palm, coconut, and date palm were described as close related and being in the same subclades.
Relationship between lichen diversity and air quality in urban region in Bourdj Bou Arriridj, Algeria
Authors: Ramdani Messaoud , Adjiri Fatima , Lograda Takia
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Fatima A, Messaoud R, Takia L. 2019. Relationship between lichen diversity and air quality in urban region in Bourdj Bou Arriridj, Algeria. Biodiversitas 20: 2329-2339. The lichenic biodiversity can be an excellent instrument for measuring air quality biomonitoring in urban and industrial areas. Two bio-monitoring techniques were used to assess and map the levels of air quality in Bordj Bou Arreridj region (BBA), an urban area located in Eastern Algeria, and to identify species sensitive to air pollution. The first one was based on the diversity and abundance of epiphytic lichens, while the other technique was using two bio-indication indices. Epiphytic lichens were sampled from thirty-four stations chosen on the basis of the presence of suitable phorophytes on which it is possible to observe lichens. The assessment of lichen biodiversity was based on the calculation of lichenic abundance indices (LA) and the Shannon index (H'). For the determination of the different levels of air pollution, the indices of atmospheric purity (IAP) and lichen diversity (LDV) were used. There were 62 identified species belong to 19 families and 31 genera of lichens, among which crustacean and foliose thalli were the most common in the region. Lichen biodiversity decreased as the sampled location approaching industrial sources and road traffic. The IAP ranged from 16.19-79.82 and LDV values ranged from 12.50-52.16. The results showed a significant relationship between lichen diversity and air quality, and indicated low atmospheric pollution in the BBA region. This study allowed us to draw up a list of sensitive species and tolerant species to air pollution.
Genetic diversity of mutant napiergrass using Expressed Sequence Tag Simple Sequence Repeat (EST-SSR)
Authors: Mansyur Mansyur M , Karti Panca Dewi MH , Abdullah Luki , Husni Ali , Lestari Puji
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Mansyur, Karti PMH, Abdullah L, Husni A, Lestari P. 2019. Genetic diversity of mutant napiergrass using Expressed Sequence Tag Simple Sequence Repeat (EST-SSR). Biodiversitas 20: 2403-2409. Napiergrass is one of the tropical grasses which has a very important role in developing ruminant livestock, its productivity is high and its nutritional content is quite good. Plant breeding to produce new varieties that have better productivity continues. One of them is through mutation breeding and in vitro culture. The purpose of this research was to look at the genetic diversity among napiergrasses using the Expressed Sequence Tag Simple Sequence Repeat (EST-SSR). This study used 14 SSR molecular markers. The results showed that mutant DNA of napiergrass can be clearly amplified by all the EST-SSR primers used. The average number of alleles was 4.57, the average frequency of the main allele was 42%, and the average value of gene diversity was 0.66. While the PIC average value was 0.60. There were five markers that were very informative and have PIC values ​​above 0.7, among others, namely ICMP3045, ICMP3018, PSMP2090, PSMP2209, and PSMP2019. Phylogenetic analysis shows that 37 numbers of napiergrass mutants split into two main clusters at a coefficient of 0.56. The first cluster consists of 26 lines while the second cluster consists of 11 mutants. The parent napiergrass is in the first cluster. There are two pairs of mutants that have the same diversity, namely R20-11 with R 20-20-3 and R100-1 with R100-3.
The origin of pesisir cattle based on D-loop mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Putri Anzalia Eka , ACHMAD FARAJALLAH  , DYAH PERWITASARI
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Putri AE, Farajallah A, Perwitasari D. 2019. The origin of pesisir cattle based on D-loop mitochondrial DNA. Biodiversitas 20: 2569-2575. Pesisir cattle is one of Indonesia's local cattle descended from Bos indicus which has small body characteristics. It was assumed due to crossbreeding between pesisir cattle and other cattle. Therefore this study aims to study the origin of pesisir cattle based on the D-loop mtDNA region and to find out the phylogenetic relationships between pesisir cattle and other cattle. Cattle blood samples were taken in two locations, Krui Way and Tanah Rekah. Amplification of the mitochondrial gene using the primary pair of collections of Dr. Achmad Farajallah, namely AF22 (forward) 5'-GCGTACGCAATCTTACGATCA-3' and AF23 (reverse) 5'-ATGCAGTTAAGTCCAGCTAC-3'. Reconstruction of phylogenetic trees was analyzed using the Neighbor-Joining Method based on Kimura 2 Parameters. The results of the mtDNA analysis in the D-loop region showed that there were two broods in pesisir cattle, namely Bos indicus and Bos javanicus. The closeness between these species is due to the close geographical distance between Bos indicus originating from Way Krui, Lampung and Bos javanicus from Java.
Coordinación de coparentalidad cuando los niños y niñas se resisten o rechazan el contacto con uno de sus progenitores
Authors: Molina Bartumeus Asunción , Capdevila Brophy Connie
Published: January 2020

La bibliografía sobre los divorcios de alta conflictividad ha producido un gran número de artículos que buscan conceptualizar las dinámicas que llevan a un niño o niña a estar triangulado en el conflicto de los adultos, aliado con uno de los progenitores y rechazando al otro. Menos atención se ha prestado en la literatura a las intervenciones para estos casos. Este artículo revisa la conceptualización que, a lo largo de los últimos cuarenta años, se ha realizado para explicar estas situaciones. Sugiere una valoración de los factores implicados siguiendo un árbol de toma de decisiones y propone algunas intervenciones para dentro de la coordinación de coparentalidad con el propósito de, siempre que las circunstancias sean apropiadas, restablecer el vínculo del niño o niña con el progenitor rechazado.
Through the Eyes of the Child: An advanced parenting coordination intervention for high conflict post-divorce families
Authors: McHale James P. , Carter Debra K.
Published: January 2020

This article describes and outlines a brief intervention designed to help bring high conflict divorcing parents back together in solidarity with the express purpose of bettering the family climate for their shared child or children. “Through the Eyes of the Child”, a six-session intervention based on principles of a Focused Coparenting Consultation model, was designed to be implemented during parenting coordination work with high conflict couples, either as an enhancement of the work itself, or as an adjunct intervention that may be offered by another professional concurrently with Phase II of the parenting coordination work. Rationale for and components of the intervention are described, and commentary is offered regarding skills needed to aptly deliver the intervention.
Reference wave source based on silicon nitride waveguide in point diffraction interferometer
Authors: Chen Yuankai , Yang Yongying , Wang Chen , Li Yao , Bai Jian
Published: January 2020

Reference wave source (RWS) is the key component of the point diffraction interferometer, which determines the quality of the reference wave. The silicon nitride waveguide RWS is proposed to efficiently overcome the drawbacks of the existing RWSs, aimed at providing a spherical reference wave with high numerical aperture (NA) and high accuracy. The waveguide RWS consists of the straight waveguide, the bend waveguide, and the Y-branch edge coupler. The straight waveguide determines the accuracy and the NA of the reference wave, whereas the latter two determine the light transmittance of the RWS. Simulation results show that the peak-to-valley (PV) and the rms of the deviation from an ideal spherical wave are

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, respectively, and the maximum light transmittance could reach 24%. Experiment results show that the NA of the reference wave reaches up to 0.58, its spot has a good circular symmetry, and its intensity has Gaussian distribution. Although the light transmittance is only 0.2%, it is expected to improve with the development of experimental conditions and waveguide fabrication technology.
Geometric calibration for LiDAR-camera system fusing 3D-2D and 3D-3D point correspondences
Authors: An Pei , Ma Tao , Yu Kun , Fang Bin , Zhang Jun , Fu Wenxing , Ma Jie
Published: January 2020

Calibrating the extrinsic parameters on a system of 3D Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) and the monocular camera is a challenging task, because accurate 3D-2D or 3D-3D point correspondences are hard to establish from the sparse LiDAR point clouds in the calibration procedure. In this paper, we propose a geometric calibration method for estimating the extrinsic parameters of the LiDAR-camera system. In this method, a novel combination of planar boards with chessboard patterns and auxiliary calibration objects are proposed. The planar chessboard provides 3D-2D and 3D-3D point correspondences. Auxiliary calibration objects provide extra constraints for stable calibration results. After that, a novel geometric optimization framework is proposed to utilize these point correspondences, thus leading calibration results robust to LiDAR sensor noise. Besides, we contribute an automatic approach to extract point clouds of calibration objects. In the experiments, our method has a superior performance over state-of-the-art calibration methods. Furthermore, we verify our method by computing depth map and improvements can also be found. These results demonstrate that our method performance on the LiDAR-camera system is applicable for future advanced visual applications.
Propagation properties of the circular Airy beam with a Gaussian envelope in Fourier space
Authors: Geng Tao , Zhang Xiuxiang
Published: January 2020

We theoretically and experimentally study the propagation properties of the circular Airy beam (CAB) with a Gaussian envelope in Fourier space. The two parameters of the Gaussian function can be used to control the distribution of the spatial frequency, and thus to tune the propagation properties of this modified CAB. When the two parameters are chosen appropriately, the size of focal spot will be reduced, the maximum focal intensity and especially the abruptly autofocusing property will be greatly enhanced. Meanwhile, the focal position can remain almost the same with the common CAB. The experimental results show that the proposed beam can be generated conveniently by using the same Fourier transform method as used to generate the common CAB.
Spatial differential operation and edge detection based on the geometric spin Hall effect of light
Authors: He Shanshan , Zhou Junxiao , Chen Shizhen , Shu Weixing , Luo Hailu , Wen Shuangchun
Published: January 2020

Unlike the conventional spin Hall effect of light (SHEL) originating from the light-matter interaction, the spin-dependent splitting in the geometric SHEL is purely a geometric effect and independent from the properties of matter. Here it is shown that the geometric SHEL is not only of fundamental theoretical interest in understanding the spin-orbit interaction of light, but also sheds light on important technological applications. This Letter describes the theoretical foundation and experimental realization of optical differential operation and one-dimensional edge detection based on the geometric SHEL.
Design of a highly selective radiative cooling structure accelerated by materials informatics
Authors: Guo Jiang , Ju Shenghong , Shiomi Junichiro
Published: January 2020

Materials informatics is a data-driven approach that integrates material property simulation/experiment with an informatics algorithm to accelerate materials design. In this work, we report the optimization design of thermal photonic structures for radiative cooling applications by a method combining the rigorous coupled wave analysis and Bayesian optimization. The structure with optimal thermal radiative property can be obtained by calculating only less than 1% of total candidate structures. The present work is, to the best of our knowledge, the first trial using Bayesian optimization for radiative cooling device design that successfully tailored the thermal emittance falling selectively within the atmospheric window by hybrid grating and multilayer structures.
Instabilities in nanodiamond nitrogen-vacancy centre single photon sources under prolonged pulsed excitation
Authors: Aspinall Jack , Adekanye Sanmi O. , Brown Imogen , Dhawan Amit R. , Smith Jason M.
Published: January 2020

Colour centres in nanodiamonds provide robust sources of fluorescence and can be used as triggered sources of single photons at room temperature. However, practical devices require stability over thousands of hours of operation, and the use of strong pulsed optical excitation, placing significant burden on the robustness of the emitters that requires bespoke testing. In this work we report the response of single NV centres in nanodiamonds of 50 nm and 100 nm diameter to accelerated lifetime testing, exciting the defects close to saturation around 1013 times to simulate the minimum operational lifetime of a practical device. For nanodiamonds 50 nm in diameter, observed changes in the fluorescence intensity and lifetime suggest a progressive size reduction as a result of the pulsed laser excitation, combined with the introduction of non-radiative centres on or near the nanodiamond surface which affect the quantum efficiency of the NV centre and ultimately lead to photobleaching of the emission. We find examples of NV centres in 100 nm nanodiamonds for which triggered single photon emission remains stable for over these accelerated lifetime tests, demonstrating their suitability for use in practical devices.
Bufferless 1.5  µm III-V lasers grown on Si-photonics 220  nm silicon-on-insulator platforms
Authors: Han Yu , Yan Zhao , Ng Wai Kit , Xue Ying , Wong Kam Sing , Lau Kei May
Published: January 2020

Efficient III-V lasers directly grown on Si remain the “holy grail” for present Si-photonics research. In particular, a bufferless III-V laser grown on the Si-photonics 220 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform could seamlessly bridge the active III-V light sources with the passive Si-based photonic devices. Here we report on the direct growth of bufferless 1.5 µm III-V lasers on industry-standard 220 nm SOI platforms using metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Taking advantage of the constituent diffusivity at elevated growth temperatures, we first devised a MOCVD growth scheme for the direct hetero-epitaxy of high-quality III-V alloys on the 220 nm SOI wafers through synergizing the conventional aspect ratio trapping (ART) and the lateral ART methods. In contrast to prevalent epitaxy inside V-grooved pockets, our method features epitaxy inside trapezoidal troughs and thus enables the flexible integration of different III-V compounds on SOIs with different Si device layer thicknesses. Then, using InP as an example, we detailed the growth process and performed extensive study of the crystalline quality of the epitaxial III-V. Finally, we designed and fabricated both pure InP and InP/InGaAs lasers, and we achieved room-temperature lasing in both the 900 nm band and the 1500 nm band under pulsed optical excitation. Direct epitaxy of these in-plane and bufferless 1.5 µm III-V lasers on the 220 nm SOI platform suggests the imminent interfacing with Si-based photonic devices and the subsequent realization of fully integrated Si-based photonic circuits.
Construção da crítica à oceanografia clássica: contribuições a partir da oceanografia socioambiental
Authors: Moura Gustavo Goulart Moreira
Published: January 2020

RESUMO

Muitos pesquisadores das áreas clássicas da Oceanografia negam as humanidades na ciência oceanográfica, apesar de historicamente terem dialogado com o que há de mais conservador nas ciências humanas e sociais aplicadas. Na virada para o século XXI, diversos pesquisadores têm criado novas formas de fazer oceanografia dentro do marco do socioambientalismo, após várias iniciativas nas instituições mais antigas de Oceanografia Clássica do Brasil nas décadas de 1980-90 no campo da Educação Ambiental. Esta Nova Oceanografia, ou Oceanografia Socioambiental (OS), surge em oposição às áreas clássicas da Oceanografia criando campos de disputa em linhas de pesquisa já existentes e produzindo linhas de pesquisa próprias, como a História Oceanográfica, a Etnooceanografia, o Gerenciamento Costeiro Pós/decolonial e a Educação Ambiental Marinho-Costeira crítica (EAMC), por exemplo. Este artigo tem o objetivo de construir algumas críticas à Oceanografia Clássica em uma perspectiva da OS, definindo preliminarmente o objeto de pesquisa desta nova oceanografia e apontando suas contribuições para a EAMC. Ao definir este objeto, aponta-se que a produção de maritimidades engajadas em contextos de conflitos socioambientais junto a povos e comunidades tradicionais pode ser uma das diretrizes da Educação Ambiental Marinho-Costeira crítica.

Palavras-chave: Oceanografia Socioambiental, Educação Ambiental Marinho-Costeira crítica, Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais.

ABSTRACT

Several researchers working in classic Oceanography fields deny the Humanities in the Oceanography Science, despite having established a dialogue with the most conservative approaches in both Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences. At the turn of the 21st century, several researchers are creating new forms of Oceanography inside a socio-environmentalism framework, after many initiatives of the Environmental Education field conducted by some of the oldest Classical Oceanography institutions in Brazil during the 80’s and 90’s. This New Oceanography, or a Socio-Environmental Oceanography, emerges in opposition to the classic areas in Oceanography, creating disputes in the research area that already exist and producing its own research lines, like Oceanography History, Etno-Oceanography, Postcolonial or Decolonial Coastal Management, and Costal-Marine Environmental Education, for example. This paper aims to identify and discuss some of the main epistemological bases of Classical Oceanography and Socio-Environmental Oceanography. When defining this object of study, we emphasize that the production of engaged maritimities in the context of socio-environmental conflicts among traditional communities and peoples could be one of the main guides to critical Costal-Marine Environmental Education.

Keywords: Socio-Environmental Oceanography; Critical Costal-Marine Environmental Education; Traditional Communities and Peoples
Validação de instrumento de recolhimento de dados para uma aproximação desde a educação ambiental ao movimento social agroecológico na Galiza e sua dimensão socioeducativa
Authors: Pérez Kylyan M. Bisquert i , Cartea Pablo Á Meira
Published: January 2020

RESUMO

O sistema agroalimentar hegemônico contribui significativamente com a atual crise socioambiental. Assim como as origens da Educação Ambiental estão intimamente ligadas ao ecologismo, é novamente necessário buscar referências de análise sócio-crítica e ação socioeducativa em movimentos sociais emergentes. A agroecologia disponibiliza alternativas integrais e transformadoras para a (re)construção de sistemas agroalimentares social e ambientalmente sustentáveis. Neste artigo apresentam-se as linhas metodológicas duma pesquisa sobre a dimensão socioeducativa do movimento social agroecológico na Galiza, com especial atenção ao processo de validação de conteúdo ao que foi submetido o instrumento de recolhimento de dados aplicado às iniciativas coletivas sujeito de estudo.

Palavras chave: Agroecologia, Movimento Social Agroecológico, Educação Ambiental Sócio-crítica, Validação.

ABSTRACT

The hegemonic agri-food system contributes significantly to the current socio-environmental crisis. Just as the origins of Environmental Education are closely linked to ecologism, it is again necessary to look for references of socio-critical analysis and socio-educational action in emerging social movements. Agroecology provides integral and transformative alternatives for the (re)construction of socially and environmentally sustainable agri-food systems. This article presents the methodological approach of a research on the socio-educational dimension of the agroecological social movement in Galicia, with special attention to the content validation process to which the data collection instrument applied to the collective initiatives under study was submitted.

Keywords: Agroecology, Agroecological Social Movement, Socio-critical Environmental Education, Validation.
Uji Beban Timbunan yang Diperkuat dengan Sistem Pelat Terpaku pada Tanah Gambut
Authors: Waruwu Aazokhi , Hardiyatmo Hary Christady , Rifa’i Ahmad
Published: January 2020

One of the problems with peat soils, when subjected to imposed loads of construction, is the very high compression and long-term excessive settlement. The embankment can be built on peat soil, but it needs reinforcement that can contribute to increasing the stability of the embankment. The nailed slab system, as reinforcement, is expected to reduce settlement and increase the stability of peat soil. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of pile length and distance on the reduction of settlement in both monolithic and non-monolithic piles. The embankment load test was conducted on 70 cm x 120 cm plates, which were reinforced pile with different lengths and distances in the peat soil layer. The analysis was conducted on the reduction settlement of monolithic and non-monolith pile. The results showed that the length and distance of the pile had an effect on the reduction settlement. Changes in pile length are more dominant reducing settlement compared to changes in pile distance. Pile connection with slab has a significant effect on different lengths of piles than different distances piles.
Analisa Kekuatan Tahanan Lateral Pada Sistem Komposit LVL Kayu Sengon dan Beton Pracetak
Authors: Tantisaputri Intan Archita , Awaludin Ali , Siswosukarto Suprapto
Published: January 2020

LVL Sengon and concrete can be used to form a composite structure of the floor system. Connections between LVL Sengon and concrete on this composite floor system are the weakest part so that a majority of structural damages are concentrated at these joints. This study discusses the lateral resistance of lag screw joints in a composite system of LVL Sengon and precast concrete. The lateral joint resistance was evaluated through quasi-static loading upon double shear test specimens having two screws at every single shear. Variation of the specimens includes precast concrete compressive strength of 20.71 MPa and 25.29 MPa, screw diameter of 6 mm length 101.6 mm and 8 mm length 101.6 mm and 127 mm, and angle of lag screw axis against the wood fiber of 60° and 90°. The result shows that lateral resistance of the test is greater than that of EYM, SNI, and EC5 predictions. Joint failure in this experiment is due to failure in wood fiber along with the occurrence of one up to two plastic hinges in the screw.
Exploring teachers’ and learners’ overlapped turns in the language classroom: Implications for classroom interactional competence
Authors: Cancino Avila Marco Octavio
Published: January 2020

The language choices that teachers make in the language classroom have been found to influence the opportunities for learning given to learners (Seedhouse, 2004; Walsh, 2012; Waring, 2009, 2011). The present study expands on research addressing learner-initiated contributions (Garton, 2012; Jacknick, 2011; Waring, Reddington, & Tadic, 2016; Yataganbaba & Yıldırım, 2016) by demonstrating that opportunities for participation and learning can be promoted when teachers allow learners to expand and finish their overlapped turns. Audio recordings of lessons portraying language classroom interaction from three teachers in an adult foreign language classroom (EFL) setting were analyzed and discussed through conversation analysis (CA) methodology. Findings suggest that when teachers are able to navigate overlapping talk in such a way that provides interactional space for learners to complete their contributions, they demonstrate classroom interactional competence (Sert, 2015; Walsh, 2006). The present study contributes to the literature by addressing interactional features that increase interactional space, and an approach to teacher and learner talk that highlights CA’s methodological advantages in capturing the interactional nuances of classroom discourse.
Patterns of uptake and repair following recasts and prompts in an EFL context: Does feedback explicitness play a role?
Authors: Shirani Reza
Published: January 2020

This study sought to examine the effectiveness of two categories of feedback, namely recasts and prompts. Also, the study focused on the relationship between subsets of each feedback type and the extent to which they led to learner uptake and repair in an EFL context. Data were collected through non-participant observations of three intact upper-intermediate EFL classes where 36 hours of interactions among 59 students and three teachers were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed in terms of pre-specified coding systems that addressed four different subtypes of prompts – clarification requests, repetitions, elicitations, and metalinguistic clues – and two recast subtypes – explicit and implicit recasts. Data analysis showed that among prompts, clarification requests led to the highest percentage of uptake whereas elicitations were associated with the highest repair percentage. As for recasts, more explicit ones led to higher percentages of uptake and repair. The results of the study may contribute to a more in-depth understanding of the patterns of uptake and repair in an EFL context. The study confirms the role of feedback explicitness in such a context.
The Study of the Optical Properties of C60 Fullerene in Different Organic Solvents
Authors: Saraswati Teguh Endah , Setiawan Umam Hasan , Ihsan Mohammad Rifki , Isnaeni Isnaeni , Herbani Yuliati
Published: January 2020

C60 fullerene exhibits unique optical properties that have high potential for wide photo-optical applications. To analyze the optical properties of C60, its excitation and emission properties were studied using UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, which were performed in various, non-polar organic solvents such as toluene, xylene, and trichloroethylene (TCE). The C60 solutions in toluene, xylene, and TCE displayed similar excitation bands at 625, 591, 570, 535, and 404 nm corresponding to Ag → T1u and Ag → T1g transitions. However, these bands differed from the solid C60 observed by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The two emission band energies of C 60 solution in toluene and xylene were nearly the same (1.78 and 1.69 eV), whereas the C60 solution in TCE was shifted to 1.72 and 1.65 eV. Because the polarity of TCE is higher than that of toluene and xylene, the PL spectrum of the C 60 solution in TCE was red-shifted. The PL spectroscopy had a better capability than UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy to distinguish the different interactions between C60 and the organic solvents due to their different solvent polarities.
Periodic Information-seeking Behaviors of First-time Mothers in China
Authors: Hu Yinxia , Ke Ping
Published: January 2020

First-time mothers have a unique and varied set of information needs, but at present, these needs are seldom adequately addressed by libraries in China. As a first step in making libraries more helpful to this group, this study reports the results of a series of interviews aimed at understanding new mothers’ current information seeking behaviors. Thirty-seven first-time mothers (children from first year of birth to six years of age) took part in semi-structured in-depth interviews, answering questions about their information demand, information source selection (and factors influencing this selection), and obstacles encountered in the process of information search. It was found that first-time mothers’ information-seeking behavior varies from stage to stage, e. g. between pregnancy and the immediate postpartum period. Internet search plays an important role because of its perceived convenience and accessibility, but trust is the key factor during the process of information selection, regardless of source. Overall, the mothers we interviewed seldom use the library. This paper puts forward some suggestions to remedy that situation: libraries might consider opening a first-time-mothers reading room, increasing cooperative promotions with other institutions, providing diversified service projects, and organizing reading-promotion activities for first-time mothers at different stages. If implemented, these suggestions promise to help mothers navigate the transitions of pregnancy, childbirth, and childcare.
An Effective Approach for the Protection of User Privacy in a Digital Library
Authors: Wu Zongda , Xie Jian , Pan Jun , Su Xining
Published: January 2020

In a digital library, an increasingly important problem is how to prevent the exposure of user privacy in an untrusted network. This study aims to design an effective approach for the protection of user privacy in a digital library, by consulting the basic ideas of encryption and anonymization. In our proposed approach, any privacy data, which can identify user’s real identity, should be encrypted first before being submitted to the library server, to achieve anonymization of user identity. Then, to solve the problem of querying encrypted privacy data, additional feature data are constructed for the encrypted data, such that much of the query processing can be completed at the server-side, without decrypting the data, thereby improving the efficiency of each kind of user query operation. Both theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, which can improve the security of users’ data privacy and behavior privacy on the untrusted server-side, without compromising the availability (i. e. accuracy, efficiency, and usability) of digital library services. This paper provides a valuable study attempt at the protection of digital library users’ privacy, which has a positive influence on the development of a privacy-preserving library in an untrusted network environment.
Five Sources of Contingency for Dispositionalism
Authors: Paolini Paoletti Michele
Published: January 2020

Law dispositionalism is the doctrine according to which laws of nature are grounded on powers/dispositions. In this article, I shall examine how certain laws of nature can turn out to be contingent on this view. First of all, I shall distinguish between two versions of law dispositionalism (i. e. a weak and a strong one) and I shall also single out two further theses that may be conjoined with it (i. e. strong and weak dispositional essentialism). I shall also single out four different sorts of laws of nature. Afterwards, I shall examine five sources of contingency for law dispositionalism: the contingent existence of the relevant entities involved in the laws; the contigent activation, background and possession conditions of the powers at stake; the presence of contingent constants in the laws; the presence of indeterministic powers; the presence of powers that are not essential to the entities involved in the laws.