bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Z-shaped dejamming phase diagram of colloidal gels
Authors: Xia Bin , Li Shoubo , Wang Xiaorong
Published: July 2023

For physically gelled colloidal suspensions, there are two routes to transform the gel from solid to liquid. One is to raise the temperature, and the other is to increase the shear deformation. In this investigation, we found that the phase boundary of this solid-to-liquid transformation exhibits a surprising Z-shaped curve in the strain-temperature plane. This nonmonotonic feature in phase transition appears to be present in various nanoparticle-filled colloidal gels with significant differences in chemical composition, filler type, structure, particle shape, average diameter, and particle size distribution. By applying the Kraus model to the breakage and restoration of filler networks and comparing our findings to nonequilibrium glassy behavior, we found that this nonmonotonic phenomenon can be theoretically predicted by combining the glassy melting kinetics of filler networks at high temperatures with the viscosity-retarded dissociation between particles at low temperatures.
In Science Journals
Authors: Aldenderfer Mark , Ferrarelli Leslie K. , Stajic Jelena , Uzogara Ekeoma , Stern Peter , Kelly Priscilla N. , Funk Michael A. , Hurtley Stella M. , Vignieri Sacha , Lavine Marc S. , Olingy Claire , Fogg Christiana N. , Liu Laura Na
Published: July 2023

Highlights from the
Science
family of journals
Response to Comments on “Ultrastructure reveals ancestral vertebrate pharyngeal skeleton in yunnanozoans”
Authors: Tian Qingyi , Zhao Fangchen , Zeng Han , Zhu Maoyan , Jiang Baoyu
Published: July 2023

He
et al
. dispute our anatomical interpretations on the structures of cellular chambers and microfibrils in yunnanozoan branchial arches and put forward alternative interpretations on these structures. Zhang and Pratt argue that the microfibrils we identified in yunnanozoans are more likely modern organic contamination. Here we provide additional evidence to support our interpretations and dismiss the alternative interpretations.
Stereoselective amino acid synthesis by synergistic photoredox-pyridoxal radical biocatalysis
Authors: Cheng Lei , Li Dian , Mai Binh Khanh , Bo Zhiyu , Cheng Lida , Liu Peng , Yang Yang
Published: July 2023

Developing synthetically useful enzymatic reactions that are not known in biochemistry and organic chemistry is an important challenge in biocatalysis. Through the synergistic merger of photoredox catalysis and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) biocatalysis, we developed a pyridoxal radical biocatalysis approach to prepare valuable noncanonical amino acids, including those bearing a stereochemical dyad or triad, without the need for protecting groups. Using engineered PLP enzymes, either enantiomeric product could be produced in a biocatalyst-controlled fashion. Synergistic photoredox
-
pyridoxal radical biocatalysis represents a powerful platform with which to discover previously unknown catalytic reactions and to tame radical intermediates for asymmetric catalysis.
Ligand-protected metal nanoclusters as low-loss, highly polarized emitters for optical waveguides
Authors: Wang Xiaojian , Yin Bing , Jiang Lirong , Yang Cui , Liu Ying , Zou Gang , Chen Shuang , Zhu Manzhou
Published: July 2023

Photoluminescent molecules and nanomaterials have potential applications as active waveguides, but such a use has often been limited by high optical losses and complex fabrication processes. We explored ligand-protected metal nanoclusters (LPMNCs), which can have strong, stable, and tunable emission, as waveguides. Two alloy LPMNCs, Pt
1
Ag
18
and Au

x

Ag
19–

x

(7 ≤
x
≤ 9), were synthesized and structurally determined. Crystals of both exhibited excellent optical waveguide performance, with optical loss coefficients of 5.26 × 10
−3
and 7.77 × 10
−3
decibels per micrometer, respectively, lower than those demonstrated by most inorganic, organic, and hybrid materials. The crystal packing and molecular orientation of the Pt
1
Ag
18
compound led to an extremely high polarization ratio of 0.91. Aggregation enhanced the quantum yields of Pt
1
Ag
18
and Au

x

Ag
19–

x

LPMNCs by 115- and 1.5-fold, respectively. This photonic cluster with low loss and high polarization provides a generalizable and versatile platform for active waveguides and polarizable materials.
Tracing the ocean's topography
The Deepest Map
Laura Trethewey
Harper Wave, 2023. 304 pp.
Authors: Gaina Carmen
Published: July 2023

Scientific curiosity and commercial interests drive seafloor mapping efforts
Venturing into the unfathomable
The Underworld: Journeys to the Depths of the Ocean
Susan Casey
Doubleday, 2023. 352 pp.
Authors: Cordes Erik
Published: July 2023

A writer examines our evolving relationship with the deep ocean
Roger Searle Payne (1935–2023)
Authors: Reiss Diana , Firestein Stuart
Published: July 2023

The man who discovered that whales sing
Famously creepy museum reckons with its past
Authors: Ortega Rodrigo Pérez
Published: July 2023

Mütter Museum launches an ethical review of its anatomical curiosities—and sets off a firestorm
Childhood vaccine crusader shares concerns for future
Authors: Cohen Jon
Published: July 2023

As Seth Berkley leaves Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, the epidemiologist reflects on its growth and challenges ahead
‘I should have done better.’ Stanford head steps down
Authors: Kaiser Jocelyn
Published: July 2023

Probe clears Marc Tessier-Lavigne of misconduct but criticizes lab culture and lack of “appetite” for corrections
Early Triassic roll-back of subducted Paleo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere: Insights from A2-type silicic igneous rocks in the Pingxiang area, southwest China
Authors: Huang Wen-Min , Liu Xi-Jun , Liu Lei , Li Zheng-Lin , Liu Xiao , Wu Hao
Published: July 2023

A suite of subduction-related early Triassic igneous rocks crops out in the Pingxiang area of the Dian-Qiong suture (DQS) in southwest China; this suite represents an important geological record of subduction and closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. In this study, we report geochronological, geochemical, and Nd-Hf isotope data for newly discovered rhyolites and biotite granites in the Pingxiang area. We use these data to constrain their emplacement ages, origins, and geodynamic implications. Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the rhyolites and biotite granites were emplaced at 251–250 Ma and 249 Ma (early Triassic), respectively. The rhyolites and biotite granites have elevated FeOT/(FeOT + MgO) (0.78–0.89) and 10,000 × Ga/Al (2.83–4.11) ratios, with geochemical affinities to A2-type granites. These rocks are enriched in some large-ion lithophile elements (e.g., Rb, Th, and Ba) and depleted in high-field-strength elements (e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti), indicating their formation in a subduction-related arc. The rhyolites and biotite granites have negative whole-rock εNd(t) (−11.5 to −9.7) and zircon εHf(t) (−14.5 to −6.2) values, suggesting that these magmas were derived from an ancient crust-dominated source. Geochemical and Nd isotope data reveal that the peraluminous A2-type rhyolites and biotite granites were derived by partial melting of felsic crustal rocks under low-pressure and high-temperature conditions. By integrating all the available data with the regional tectonic evolution of the southwestern Youjiang Basin and adjacent regions, we attribute the generation of the peraluminous A2-type rhyolites and biotite granites to the extensional setting that existed during oceanic subduction, which was induced by roll-back of thePaleo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere at 251–249 Ma. This study indicates that subduction-related magmatism related to Paleo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere was still active in the early Triassic.
Recurrent metastatic angiosarcoma presenting as Kasabach-Merritt syndrome
Authors: Dhabhar Jeyhan Boman , Mehta Varshil
Published: July 2023

Angiosarcoma is an incredibly rare type of malignancy, accounting for only 1%–2% of all soft-tissue sarcomas globally. It is clinically, pathologically and radiologically difficult to diagnose angiosarcoma owing to its varied presentation with little or no well-defined imaging findings.

Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is also a lesser-heard entity which carries extremely poor prognosis. It is primarily seen in infants with vascular malformations and in kaposiform haemangioendothelioma. It is a condition of consumptive coagulopathy and only few of the cases have been reported so far in the adults with a background of angiosarcoma.

This report presents the case of a male in his 70s who was diagnosed with metastatic angiosarcoma and experienced a complicated disease course due to Kasabach-Merritt syndrome.
Placement of an intrasaccular flow diverter in an intracranial sidewall aneurysm using the Bendit articulating microcatheter
Authors: Devarajan Alex , Al-Kawaz Mais , Giovanni Brian , Tabani Halima , Shigematsu Tomoyoshi , Fifi Johanna T
Published: July 2023

Intrasaccular flow diversion is a new endovascular option for managing unruptured intracranial aneurysms.1–6 However, catheter ejection can occur during placement of an intrasaccular flow diverter, especially in tortuous vasculature that creates unfavorable angles between the aneurysm neck and the parent vessel.5 The Bendit steerable microcatheter (Bendit Technologies, Petah Tikva, Israel) can dynamically change its tip angle and may mitigate these placement concerns.7–9 Here, we report the placement of an intrasaccular flow diverter for the treatment of an unruptured internal carotid artery sidewall aneurysm at an unfavorable neck angle using the Bendit microcatheter (video 1). The Bendit was navigated around the 180° turn of the carotid siphon and held a stable position during device delivery. The device was sequentially deployed as the Bendit was progressively straightened and was successfully placed within the aneurysm. No neurological complications were experienced and the patient was asymptomatic on follow-up 3 months later.

Video 1

Placement of an intrasaccular flow diverter in an intracranial sidewall aneurysm using the Bendit articulating microcatheter.
Novel endovascular transmural technique for pharmacological block of superior cervical ganglion prevents sympathetic-mediated cerebral vasospasm
Authors: Kim Wi Jin , Samarage Hasitha Milan , Jafari Matiar , Zarrin David , Goel Keshav , Qi Xin , Wang Anthony C , Johnson Jeremiah , Colby Geoffrey P
Published: July 2023

Background

Sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction from the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) is a significant contributor to cerebral vasospasm. Inhibition of the SCG has been shown to improve cerebral blood flow and reverse cerebral vasospasm in swine models. We evaluated the efficacy of a novel minimally invasive endovascular approach to target and pharmacologically inhibit the SCG, using a Micro-Infusion Device for transmural drug delivery.

Methods

Eight SCGs in four Yorkshire swine were surgically identified. After confirming appropriate sympathetic-mediated intracranial vasoconstriction response with SCG stimulation, an endovascular Micro-Infusion Device was used for transmural targeting of the SCG and delivery of 1.5–2 mL of 1% lidocaine-contrast mixture to the perivascular space. Digital subtraction angiography was obtained at: (1) baseline; (2) with SCG stimulation; and (3) after lidocaine delivery to the SCG using the Micro-Infusion Device with concurrent SCG stimulation. Vessel diameters were measured and compared.

Results

Endovascular transmural delivery of lidocaine to the SCG and carotid perivascular tissue using the Micro-Infusion Device successfully inhibited sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction response. Measured vessel diameters after lidocaine delivery were comparable to baseline despite SCG stimulation.

Conclusion

A novel endovascular technique of transmural delivery of lidocaine to the SCG and carotid artery perivascular tissues successfully inhibits the sympathetic input to the cerebral vasculature and modulates sympathetic-mediated cerebral vasospasm. These results suggest promising steps towards translation to potential clinical use for patients suffering from cerebral vasospasm.
Gaussian quantum steering in a nondegenerate three-level laser
Authors: Boukhris B. , Tirbiyine A. , El Qars J.
Published: July 2023

Steering is a type of nonseparable quantum correlation, where its inherent asymmetric feature makes it distinct from Bell nonlocality and entanglement. In this paper, we investigate quantum steering in a two-mode Gaussian state [Formula: see text] coupled to a two-mode vacuum reservoir. The mode [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) is emitted during the first (second) transition of a nondegenerate three-level cascade laser. By means of the master equation of the state [Formula: see text], we derive the analytical expression of the steady-state covariance matrix of the modes [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Using realistic experimental parameters, we show that the state [Formula: see text] can exhibit asymmetric steering. Furthermore, by an appropriate choice of the physical parameters of the state [Formula: see text], we show that one-way steering can be achieved. Essentially, we demonstrate that one-way steering can, in general, occur only from [Formula: see text]. Besides, we perform a comparative study between the steering of the two laser modes and their Gaussian Rényi-2 entanglement. As a result, we found that the entanglement and steering behave similarly in the same circumstances, i.e. both of them decay under dissipation effect; moreover, they can be well enhanced by inducing more and more quantum coherence in the state [Formula: see text]. In particular, we found that the steering remains always less than the Gaussian Rényi-2 entanglement.
DIVERSIFY OR DOUBLING DOWN: CHOOSING A DIGITAL GROWTH STRATEGY
Authors: MOEN LARS ARVEI
Published: July 2023

Digital transformation has led to several improvements in performance and efficiency, but its impact on growth patterns needs to be clarified. Two schools of thought dominate the literature on digital growth strategies. One stream advocates that digital firms should focus only on scaling their core position, while the other contends that firms should envelop into multiple complimentary markets. This seeming “paradox” in the strategic management literature, between advocates of a focus and a diversification growth strategy, shows a need for critical review and clarification of this literature. This paper synthesizes both views and argues that the distinct growth strategies are contextual and that a new catalyst, the relative level of digital transformation of firms in each market, influences their optimal strategy. A new conceptual model illustrates how digital firms may move between different strategies depending on their perceived market opportunities, competitive advantages, and the relative level of digital transformation of their competitors. Hereby, this paper contributes to a better understanding of the growth strategies of digital businesses.
DIGITAL PRODUCT INNOVATIONS: THE IMPACT OF INTER-FIRM COLLABORATION AND MANAGERS’ ATTITUDES
Authors: MELAND KJERSTI VIKSE , FITJAR RUNE DAHL , SOLHEIM MARTE C. W. , IAKOVLEVA TATIANA A.
Published: July 2023

Although digital innovation is increasingly important for all types of firms, studies of the drivers of digital innovation rarely cover all sectors. Furthermore, organisational and individual factors are often overlooked. To address these gaps, we use data from a purpose-built cross-industry survey of 1,201 firms in Norway to examine how various types of collaborations and managers attitudes toward them shape firms’ achievement of digital product innovation. We find that collaborations with suppliers, consultants, and universities and research institutes, and the presence of open-minded managers, are positively associated with a firm’s likelihood of digital product innovation. Although much attention has been given to customer relationships, upstream sources of knowledge from suppliers, consultants, and universities and research institutes are also important to strengthen firms’ capacities for digital product innovation. Furthermore, we go beyond examining the existence of partnerships to show that manager’s attitudes towards collaboration also matter.
Quadratic effect of bank size on capital regulation and risk-taking behavior: Evidence from the Central Europe
Authors: Moudud-Ul-Huq Syed , Rahman Musfikur
Published: July 2023

This paper primarily examines the quadratic effect of banks’ size on capital regulation and risk-taking behavior by using simultaneous equation approach. This paper primarily examines the quadratic effect of banks’ size on capital regulation and risk-taking behavior by using simultaneous equation approach. To carry out the objective, this study has been built on the two-stage least squares (2SLS) method for a dynamic unstructured panel data of 85 banks from the Central European banks for the period 2012–2017. There is a positive and significant relation between regulatory capital and risk. Also, higher risk-taking behavior causes banks to sacrifice their stability. This study also finds that there is a negative correlation between bank size and capital, indicating that larger the bank size lower tendency to keep capital more. In similar way, there is also a negative association between bank size and risk taking, indicating that lower tendency of taking risk by large banks and vice-versa. Finally, this paper can be used as a medium of information for the stakeholders of banks and others financial institutions of the country. There is a dearth of literature which was built on the quadratic effect of bank size regarding recent financial regulation and risk.
Thermal Runaway Behaviors and Kinetics of NCM Lithium-Ion Batteries at Different Heat Dissipation Conditions
Authors: Guo Qianzhen , Zhang Jiabo , Zhou Chao , Huang Zhen , Han Dong
Published: July 2023

The lithium-ion battery (LIB) thermal runaway is triggered by the exothermic reactions between electrode materials and other active substances such as electrolytes. In this study, the effects of ambient temperature and heat transfer coefficient on the thermal responses and chemical kinetic features of LiNi1/3Co1/3/Mn1/3O2/graphite battery thermal runaway at high-temperature abuse conditions are investigated using a validated 2D axisymmetric model. With varied heat transfer coefficients of the LIB, the corresponding runaway, critical, and safety operation zones at different ambient temperatures are quantitatively distinguished. The results reveal that, with increased heat transfer coefficient, the critical ambient temperature, T
c, triggering thermal runaway increases. However, T
c almost remains 430 K when the heat transfer coefficient is higher than 25 W/(m2K). Additionally, based on the thermal response of LIB, the ambient heat absorption stage, ambient heat dissipation stage, and dramatic heat release stage in thermal runaway are defined. It is found that a higher heat transfer coefficient efficiently causes a shorter ambient heat absorption stage, which is the primary reason for the reduced delay time for the thermal runaway. Further, kinetic analysis is conducted at different heat exchange conditions, and the correlation between LIB thermal responses and the heat release of side reactions in different operation zones is clarified. Specifically, the reactions between the electrolyte and negative/positive electrodes are the most exothermic and most influential of all side reactions, and their influence on the maximum temperatures and runaway delay times is promoted with an elevated heat transfer coefficient.
Resilient pedagogy: experiences of kinesiology faculty during COVID-19
Authors: Fleming Jessica K. , Caputo Jennifer L. , Spillios Katie E. , Mel Astrid E. , Stenson Mary C. , Johnson Samantha L.
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused temporary and permanent changes to higher education, specifically kinesiology programs. This article highlights the resiliency of faculty in kinesiology programs, how they adapted, where they felt supported, and what they hope to bring with them into their future pedagogy practices.
Occurrence of Heat-Resistant Mold Ascospores in Pineapple and Sugarcane Field Soils in Thailand
Authors: Maneeboon Thanapoom , Sangchote Somsiri , Hongprayoon Ratchanee , Chuaysrinule Chananya , Mahakarnchanakul Warapa
Published: July 2023

Heat-resistant molds (HRMs) are important spoilage fungi of heat-processed fruit products worldwide. Ascospores of HRMs are widely distributed in the soil in which fruits are grown and are often found associated with raw fruit materials. To date, there is little available information on the distribution of HRMs in the soil and on their heat resistance. Thus, this study determined the presence and characterized the heat resistance of HRMs in soil samples from pineapple and sugarcane fields in Thailand. HRMs were detected in all soil samples, and the most dominant species was Aspergillus with 50–99.2% relative abundance. Other isolates, in descending order of frequency, were Penicillium, Talaromyces, Hamigera, and Paecilomyces. Then, 100 representative HRM isolates were identified based on a combination of morphological characteristics and ITS sequences. They were classified into 5 genera and 24 species. The heat resistance of ascospores aged 30 days produced by selected HRMs was qualitatively determined in a glucose-buffered solution. Based on their log reductions after heat shock at 75°C for 30 min, they were classified as less, moderately, or highly heat-resistant ascospores. HRMs belonging to A. chevalieri, A. denticulatus, A. siamensis, A. laciniosus, A. fennelliae, A. spinosus, Paec. niveus, H. pallida, and T. macrosporus produced high heat-resistant ascospores. In addition, soil physicochemical properties significantly influenced the prevalence of HRMs, depending on the fungal genus. The thermal resistance of ascospores was significantly and positively correlated to available phosphorus, whereas it was negatively correlated to soil pH. The results of this study confirmed the presence of HRMs in soils and potential HRM contamination, especially in fruits growing in acidic or high-nutrient soils, or both.
Data from HLA-I evolutionary divergence confers response to PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy in untreated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Jiang Tao , Jin Qiqi , Wang Jiahao , Wu Fengying , Chen Jian , Chen Gongyan , Huang Yunchao , Chen Jianhua , Cheng Ying , Wang QiMing , Pan Yueyin , Zhou Jianying , Shi Jianhua , Xu Xingxiang , Lin LiZhu , Zhang Wei , Zhang Yiping , Liu Yunpeng , Fang Yong , Feng Jifeng , Wang Zhehai , Hu Sheng , Fang Jian , Shu Yongqian , Cui Jiuwei , Hu Yi , Yao Wenxiu , Li Xingya , Lin Xiaoyan , Wang Rui , Wang Yongsheng , Shi Wei , Feng Gaohua , Ni Jun , Mao Beibei , Ren Dandan , Sun Huaibo , Zhang Henghui , Chen Luonan , Zhou Caicun , Ren Shengxiang
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy has become the new standard of care in patients with untreated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whereas predictive biomarkers remain undetermined. Patients and Methods: We integrated clinical, genomic and survival data of 427 NSCLC patients treated with first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy from two phase 3 trials (CameL and CameL-sq) and investigated the predictive and prognostic value of HLA class I evolutionary divergence (HED). Results: High HED could predict significantly improved objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in those received PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy (In the CameL trial, ORR: 81.8% vs. 53.2%; P = 0.032; PFS: hazard ratio [HR], 0.47; P = 0.012; OS: HR, 0.40; P = 0.014; In the CameL-sq trial, ORR: 89.2% vs 62.3%; P = 0.007; PFS: HR, 0.49; P = 0.005; OS: HR, 0.38; P = 0.002), but not chemotherapy. In multivariate analysis adjusted for PD-L1 expression and tumor mutation burden, high HED was independently associated with markedly better ORR, PFS and OS in both two trials. Moreover, joint utility of HED and PD-L1 expression showed better performance than either alone in predicting treatment benefit from PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 58,977 cells collected from 11 patients revealed that tumors with high HED had improved antigen presentation and T cell mediated antitumor immunity, indicating an inflamed tumor microenvironment phenotype. Conclusion: These findings suggest that high HED could portend survival benefit in advanced NSCLC treated with first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy.
Data from HTLV-1 bZIP factor-induced reprogramming of lactate metabolism and epigenetic status promote leukemic cell expansion
Authors: Toyoda Kosuke , Yasunaga Jun-ichirou , Shichijo Takafumi , Arima Yuichiro , Tsujita Kenichi , Tanaka Azusa , Salah Tarig , Zhang Wenyi , Hussein Osama , Sonoda Miyu , Watanabe Miho , Kurita Daisuke , Nakashima Kazutaka , Yamada Kyohei , Miyoshi Hiroaki , Ohshima Koichi , Matsuoka Masao
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Acceleration of glycolysis is a common trait of cancer. A key metabolite, lactate, is typically secreted from cancer cells, since its accumulation is toxic. Here, we report that a viral oncogene, HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ), bimodally upregulates TAp73 to promote lactate excretion from adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) cells. HBZ protein binds to EZH2 and reduces its occupancy of the TAp73 promoter. Meanwhile, HBZ RNA activates TAp73 transcription via the BATF3-IRF4 machinery. TAp73 upregulates the lactate transporters MCT1 and MCT4. Inactivation of TAp73 leads to intracellular accumulation of lactate, inducing cell death in ATL cells. Furthermore, TAp73 knockout diminishes development of inflammation in HBZ-transgenic mice. An MCT1/4 inhibitor, syrosingopine, decreases the growth of ATL cells in vitro and in vivo. MCT1/4 expression is positively correlated with TAp73 in many cancers, and MCT1/4 upregulation is associated with dismal prognosis. Activation of the TAp73-MCT1/4 pathway could be a common mechanism contributing to cancer metabolism.
As armas e os barões postos em jogo: a transposição de Os Lusíadas para um jogo de tabuleiro
Authors: Thimóteo Saulo Gomes
Published: July 2023

A obra épica de Luís de Camões já foi adaptada a múltiplos suportes (artes visuais, filmes, histórias em quadrinhos), algo que amplia a visão do universo de Os Lusíadas e se estabelece como revisitação do livro para novas interpretações. Neste artigo, propõe-se um jogo de tabuleiro como estratégia de leitura e interação com os episódios e enredos sob uma perspectiva de jogabilidade, com vista a uma difusão dos versos camonianos, tomando-se como base leituras dos símbolos e impressões da obra, bem como teorias da adaptação e da ludicidade.
Agudezas críticas
Authors: Martini Marcus De
Published: July 2023

Este texto é uma resenha da obra Agudezas seiscentistas e outros ensaios, do renomado crítico literário brasileiro João Adolfo Hansen. Composta por 14 ensaios do autor e primeiro volume de uma trilogia de ensaios reunidos a ser publicada em sequência, a obra propõe uma “arqueologia da representação colonial”, desenvolvendo-a por meio de homologias entre diversos registros, com ênfase na análise de gêneros letrados luso-brasileiros dos séculos XVI, XVII e XVIII.
Left Ventricular Gene Expression in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction—Profibrotic and Proinflammatory Pathways and Genes
Authors: Ye Bo , Bradshaw Amy D. , Abrahante Juan E. , Dragon Julie A. , Häußler Tim N. , Bell Stephen P. , Hirashima Fuyuki , LeWinter Martin , Zile Michael R. , Meyer Markus
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasingly prevalent and has few treatments. The molecular mechanisms and resultant signaling pathways that underlie the development of HFpEF are poorly defined. It has been proposed that activation of proinflammatory pathways plays a role in the development of cardiac fibrosis. The signature of gene expression (transcriptome) of previously validated left ventricular biopsies obtained from patients with HFpEF and matched referent controls allows for an unbiased assessment of proinflammatory and profibrotic signaling pathways and genes.

METHODS:

Epicardial left ventricular biopsies from stringently selected HFpEF patients (HFpEF, n=16) and referent control patients (CTR, n=14) were obtained during aortocoronary bypass surgery. The subepicardial myocardium was flash-frozen to build a repository that was parallel-processed for RNA sequencing to allow for an unsupervised in-depth comparison of the left ventricular transcriptome.

RESULTS:

The average patient age was 67±10 years. When compared with controls, patients with HFpEF were hypertensive with a higher body mass index (kg/m
2
: 30±5 versus 37±6;
P
<0.01) and elevated NT-proBNP levels (pg/mL: 155 [89–328] versus 1554 [888–2178];
P
<0.001). The transcriptome analysis revealed differential expression of 477 genes many of which were involved in profibrotic pathways including extracellular matrix production and posttranslational modification but no proinflammatory signature.

CONCLUSIONS:

The transcriptome analysis of left ventricular myocardial samples from patients with HFpEF confirms an overabundant extracellular matrix gene expression, the basis of myocardial fibrosis, without a signature of activated proinflammatory pathways or genes.
A new species of Hydatothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from India with one new record
Authors: RACHANA R.R. , AMARENDRA B. , VANITHA K.
Published: July 2023

A remarkable new species, Hydatothrips longirostris, with an elongate mouth cone extending to the metasternum is described from India. Dendrothrips glynn Mound, a dendrothripine species, is newly recorded from India.
A New Year-Round Weather Regime Classification for North America
Authors: Lee Simon H. , Tippett Michael K. , Polvani Lorenzo M.
Published: July 2023

Weather regimes defined through cluster analysis concisely categorize the anomalous regional circulation pattern on any given day. Owing to their persistence and low dimensionality, regimes are increasingly used in subseasonal-to-seasonal prediction and in analysis of climate variability and change. However, a limitation of existing regime classifications for North America is their seasonal dependence, with most existing studies defining regimes for winter only. Here, we normalize the seasonal cycle in daily geopotential height variance and use empirical orthogonal function analysis combined with k-means clustering to define a new set of year-round North American weather regimes: the Pacific Trough, Pacific Ridge, Alaskan Ridge, and Greenland High regimes. We additionally define a “No Regime” state to represent conditions close to climatology. To demonstrate the robustness of the classification, a thorough assessment of the sensitivity of the clustering solution to various methodological choices is provided. The median persistence of all four regimes, obtained without imposing a persistence criterion, is found to be one week, approximately 3 times longer than the median persistence of the No Regime state. Regime-associated temperature and precipitation anomalies are reported, together with the relationship between the regimes and modes of climate variability. We also quantify historical trends in the frequency of the regimes since 1979, finding a decrease in the annual frequency of the Pacific Trough regime and an increase in the summertime frequency of the Greenland High regime. This study serves as a foundation for the future use of these regimes in a variety of weather and climate applications.

Significance Statement

Weather regimes provide a simple way of classifying daily large-scale regional weather patterns into a few predefined types. Existing methods usually define regimes for a specific season (typically winter), which limits their use, or provides only a minimal assessment of their robustness. In this study, we objectively quantify four weather regimes for use year-round over North America, while we classify near-normal conditions as No Regime. The four regimes represent persistent large-scale weather types that last for about a week and occasionally much longer. Our new classification can be applied to subseasonal-to-seasonal forecasts and climate model output to diagnose recurrent weather types across the North American continent.
The Obesity Paradox in Thyroid Surgery: Is Higher BMI Protective Against Hypoparathyroidism?
Authors: Fields Tyler , Ramonell Kimberly , Fazendin Jessica , Gillis Andrea , Buczek Erin , Porterfield John , Chen Herbert , Lindeman Brenessa
Published: July 2023

Background

With a demonstrated association between adiposity and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, we hypothesized that patients with a higher body mass index (BMI) would have lower rates of postoperative hypoparathyroidism following total thyroidectomy.

Methods

retrospective review of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy from 2015 to 2021. Demographics, BMI, surgical indications, and laboratory data including pre- and postoperative PTH values were examined.

Results

Of the 352 patients with complete clinicopathologic data, most were female (n = 272, 77.3%) with an average age of 42.7 (SD+/−19.4). Obese (BMI 30-39.99) was most common BMI group (n = 108, 30.8%), with 11.7% (n = 41) morbidly obese (BMI > 40). Morbidly obese patients had significantly higher postoperative PTH levels than BMI < 18.5 (46.0 vs 19.3 pg/mL, P = .004). Patient race was significantly associated with pre- and postoperative PTH ( P = .03, P = .004.) On multivariable analysis, preoperative PTH, race, and BMI were independent predictors of higher postoperative PTH ( P < .05 for all).

Discussion

Patients with higher BMI and non-white race have relative protection from postoperative hypoparathyroidism.
Is It as Bad as It Looks? Judgments of Quantitative Scores Depend on Their Presentation Format
Authors: Lembregts Christophe , Schepers Jeroen , Keyser Arne De
Published: July 2023

Firms like Uber, Amazon, and TripAdvisor have popularized the rating of people, goods, and services. These entities receive scores (e.g., through online reviews) in a variety of presentation formats: incremental (a raw score per episode; e.g., 5–5–2), cumulative (updated average scores; e.g., 5–5–4), or a combination thereof. This article focuses on prevalent situations in which a score deviates from prior scores and examines how the presentation format of the scores impacts decision makers’ (e.g., consumers, managers) evaluations of the entity scored. Across a wide variety of settings, nine experiments document that when a generally well-performing (poorly performing) entity suddenly receives a negative (positive) score, overall performance will be perceived as less negative (positive) when shown in a cumulative format compared with an incremental or combined format. This effect appears to be stronger when the deviating episode is more representative (e.g., due to higher recency or internal attribution). The authors also find evidence for their proposed explanation: a cumulative format distorts individuals’ perceptions of the underlying raw score of the deviating episode. These findings imply that presenting scores in alternative formats may affect marketing outcomes (e.g., customer churn, product choice, technology adoption, new product success, and user engagement on peer-to-peer platforms).
Measuring Dysfunctional Grief due to a COVID-19 Loss: A Kurdish Validation Study of the Pandemic Grief Scale
Authors: Karimi Kambiz , Yaghoobi Abolghasem , Güngör Sunay , Karimi Afagh , Sohrabi Saeed
Published: July 2023

Millions of people are grieving the loss of someone who died of COVID-19. The current study aims to validate a Kurdish version of the Pandemic Grief Scale which is a brief English-language mental health screener to identify cases of dysfunctional grief associated with a COVID-19 death. We recruited 501 participants. Participants completed the PGS, WSAS, PHQ-9, and Optimism scales. The factor structure, reliability, and validity of the PGS were analyzed. Using exploratory factor analysis ( N1 = 300), we derived an one-factor structure. In confirmatory factor analysis ( N2 = 201), the one-factor model showed good to excellent fitness. The PGS was positively correlated with PHQ-4, and WSAS and negatively correlated with optimism. The scale was internally consistent with a Cronbach’s alpha of .79. These results support that the Kurdish version of the PGS is a valid and reliable assessment to assess the severity of dysfunctional grief associated with a COVID-19 death.
E-Government Innovation Initiatives in Public Administration: A Systematic Literature Review and a Research Agenda
Authors: Kawabata Marcelo Koji , Camargo Alceu Salles
Published: July 2023

This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of e-government innovation initiatives focusing on public services and administration. Our SLR included 704 peer-reviewed studies published in scientific journals between 2000 and 2019. The final sample comprised 70 studies that were read fully, from which we identified four distinct cluster themes and objectives. We then classified them into four clusters, representing an evolutionary view with different stages of e-government initiatives. Further, the study pointed out themes and initiatives to drive future research agendas in e-government.
Perturbation observer design based on extremum seeking control: An analytical insight
Authors: Taleshian Tahereh , Ranjbar Noei Abolfazl , Sadati Jalil , Malekzadeh Milad
Published: July 2023

In this paper, an optimal extended state observer (ESO) is designed for nonlinear integral chain system. For the first time, in this paper, proportional–integral (PI) extremum seeking control (ESC; PIESC) approach is applied to design a perturbation observer by minimizing the estimation error. The PI type structure of the ESC provides fast transient response for the closed-loop system to attain optimum equilibrium point. A mathematical proof is presented to show that the average error dynamic asymptotically converges to zero while the estimation error is minimized. The simulation results verify that the estimation error achieved by the proposed PIESC-based ESO (PIESC-ESO) is found significantly less than that achieved by the classic ESO and PSO-based ESO. Moreover, if slow changes occur within the system or external to it, the PIESC-ESO is still able to modify the observer gains such that the estimation error is minimized again. Therefore, this may help PIESC-ESO to be used in practical applications.
Dynamics of parenting and children’s coping: Bidirectional effects between parent motivational support and children’s academic coping during late childhood and early adolescence
Authors: Raine Kristen E. , Skinner Ellen A.
Published: July 2023

The present study examined the interconnections between parental motivational support and children’s academic coping as a bidirectional system, with each social partner shaping changes in the other, using a two-wave sample of 1,020 students in grades three through six, aged 8–13, measured at the beginning and end of one school year in a school district in the northeastern United States. Using a motivational model of academic coping that specified both core ways of coping and a set of interpersonal motivational resources that parents can offer their children, cross-lagged panel path models examined whether initial levels of parent support (a combination of involvement, structure, and autonomy support) predicted changes in both children’s total coping profile and their individual adaptive and maladaptive ways of coping, while simultaneously investigating whether children’s coping profile and individual ways predicted changes in parenting. Results for children’s total coping profile and individual adaptive ways supported hypotheses about reciprocal effects, whereas findings for individual maladaptive ways of coping were more differentiated: Parenting predicted changes in coping for all maladaptive ways except rumination, but only concealment, self-pity, and projection predicted changes in parenting. Results did not differ by grade or gender. Potential avenues for future research, limitations, and implications for parenting practice were discussed.
Online censorship and young people’s use of social media to get news
Authors: Lemaire Pauline
Published: July 2023

The increasing adoption of social media across Africa has raised hopes that they represent a new locus of youth political agency. However, as social media has become more ubiquitous, so has its control by African regimes. How do these controls affect young people’s use of social media for information? This article approaches online controls based on how overt – that is, visible and directly experienced by citizens – they are. It shows that overt forms of controls, such as social media shutdowns, are associated with a higher informational use of social media. Surprisingly, the association is stronger for older citizens. The article makes two important contributions. First, it points to the need for research to develop a better understanding of citizens’ perception of online controls. Second, its findings show that theories of youth citizenship should include the comparative group – older citizens.
Resistant distal femoral nonunion treated with combined nail/plate construct and reamer-irrigator-aspirator technique
Authors: Zhang Jin-Hui , Liu Hui , Cai Tao-Yi , Lin Yong-Zhi , Wu Jin
Published: July 2023

Objective

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of intramedullary nailing and a lateral locking plate combined with the reamer-irrigator-aspirator (RIA) bone grafting technique for resistant distal femoral nonunion.

Methods

This retrospective observational study was performed from January 2018 to December 2021 and involved five patients who presented with resistant distal femoral nonunion despite undergoing several surgeries. They were treated with intramedullary nailing and a lateral locking plate combined with the RIA bone grafting technique. Postoperative follow-up was performed to observe the healing time, and functional outcomes were evaluated using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS).

Results

After the patients had been monitored for a mean of 17.9 months, complete bone healing was observed in every patient (mean healing time of 4.8 months). Postoperative wound failure in an older patient was successfully treated with resuturing and nutritional assistance. At the last follow-up, the mean LEFS score was 71.2/80 and the mean knee flexion was 109 degrees.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that combining intramedullary nailing and a lateral locking plate with the RIA bone grafting technique enhances biological properties, provides good structural support, and achieves good union and functional results in the management of resistant nonunion of the distal femur.
Unresolved issues in regional economic resilience: Conceptual ways forward
Authors: Lemke Leonard Kwhang-Gil , Sakdapolrak Patrick , Trippl Michaela
Published: July 2023

Regional economic resilience (RER) remains the state-of-the-art concept in economic geography to investigate regional development in times of disturbance. We seek to contribute to a transformative notion of RER, which unfolds in light of global environmental change. In our review of conceptual and empirical RER applications, we reveal three unresolved issues: a focus on firms rather than diverse actors, trivial reflections on social–ecological interdependencies, and the need for more fluid understandings of socio-spatial relations. Based on these insights from neighboring geographical disciplines, we provide concrete propositions for theoretical enhancement to make RER fit for purpose.
Effect of initial stress and rotation on magneto-thermoelastic half-space with gravity field and without energy dissipation
Authors: Abd-Alla Abdelmooty M. , Salah Doaa M
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the current study is to establish the deformation in a two-dimensional, isotropic, rotating half-space with gravitational field and initial stress that also has a heat source at the half boundary-space under magnetic field for Green and Naghdi II model. For the solution of the required problem, the methodologies of normal mode and approximate eigenvalues has been utilized. For graphical representation of different physical quantities such as displacement components, stress components, as well as the temperature distribution, Matlab software has been used. These results were compared with previous results in the same direction, and it was found that the treatment method for the aforementioned problem may form a basis for examining the effect of each of the gravitational field, magnetic field, rotation, and initial pressure on a thermally elastic body in the form of half an area without energy decay when neglecting some external influences.
Sociological Understandings of Sexual Assault: The Legacy of Diana Scully
Authors: DeKeseredy Walter S.
Published: July 2023

Diana Scully intellectually, politically, and personally touched the lives of many people. Though she has left this world, her ground-breaking sexual assault research continues to influence many feminist scholars who examine various types of violence against women. This article points to some of her most noteworthy contributions to the field.
Unilateral Phrenic Nerve Palsy as a Presentation of Diabetes Mellitus: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chitrala Sruthi , Butta Nikhil , Immadisetty Sandeep Kumar , Suvvari Tarun Kumar , Thomas Vimal
Published: July 2023

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most debilitating diseases, diabetic neuropathy happens to be the most common and perhaps the most serious complication of diabetes mellitus, often leading to morbidity and mortality. A 60 year old female presented with disorientation, history of vomiting, shortness of breath, respiratory failure initially. Blood reports revealed that she was positive for ketone bodies with elevated HbA1c and general random blood sugar. Chest radiogram revealed atelectasis of the right lung with prominent involvement of right middle and lower lobes. High-resolution computed tomography of chest confirmed the findings and unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis due to phrenic nerve neuropathy due to undetected type 2 diabetes was diagnosed. Although phrenic nerve paralysis is a rare occurrence with diabetes, the possibility shouldn’t be overlooked as a presentation of diabetes mellitus.
Home visiting and the housebound
Authors: Anumba Dr Dumtochukwu
Published: July 2023

Home visits by GPs, or ‘house calls’ as they were known, made up a large proportion of medical consultations until the 1960s, largely because of accessibility issues and slow transport options. Home visits now form a vastly smaller percentage of general practice workload reflecting, for example, increases in demand and a shortage of GPs. Many GPs now believe home visits should not be part of core contract work. Others fear such a change would communicate a lack of concern for the housebound. Such ambivalence is reflected in the GP training curriculum where home visits are no longer mandated, yet are simultaneously an expected competency for trainees. This article guides the trainee on how to complete a comprehensive home visit to illustrate the advantages they may offer. The latter part will explore further the differing opinions on home visits and proposals to address some of the dilemmas.
The Kids Are Online: Teen Social Media Use, Civic Engagement, and Affective Polarization
Authors: Oden Ayla , Porter Lance
Published: July 2023

Teen users outpace adults in social media use across several platforms. Though much scholarship has considered the negative effects of social media use on teen well-being, this study considers how participation on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok is influencing teens’ political interests and behaviors. Compared to traditional resources, we find that social media use across these platforms positively correlated with political interest and civic online and offline engagement, while Twitter and Facebook use had positive relationships with affective polarization. TikTok and Instagram each correlated with higher levels of interest and civic engagement, and the platforms had no relationship with polarization. We discuss these implications and what they mean for political participation among teens online.