bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacto da abordagem psicoeducacional em psicoses em um ambulatório de psiquiatria
Authors: Marini Adriana Maira , Borghi Fabio , Silva Camila Mata , Martins Marielza R. Ismael
Published: June 2018

Introdução: O tratamento farmacológico na abordagem do paciente esquizofrênico é fundamental, mas não suficiente. A psicoeducação com foco no cuidador busca aumentar o conhecimento e modificar comportamentos que geram sobrecarga. Objetivo:Avaliar a sobrecarga dos cuidadores de pacientes esquizofrênicos e a eficácia do grupo psicoeducacional. Metodologia: Participaram deste estudo com delineamento quase experimental 30 cuidadores de pacientes que realizam tratamento em ambulatório de psiquiatria. Foi utilizado questionário de caracterização demográfica e clínica de pacientes e cuidadores. Paraavaliar a sobrecarga dos cuidadores, foi utilizada a escala Zarit Burden Interview, com aplicação pré e pósintervenção no grupo psicoeducacional. Resultados: Com relação aos cuidadores, 73% (n = 21) eram do sexo feminino, sendo 33% (n = 9) mães dos pacientes. A média de idade foi de 55,2±9,4 anos, e a escolaridade revelou que 43% (n = 12) não concluíram o ensino fundamental (média de 4±2,5 anos), 73% (n = 21) eram ativos profissionalmente e 33% (n = 9), donas de casa. Observou-se, ainda, que 46,6% (n = 13) apresentavam problemas de saúde e 70% (n = 21) disseram ser os únicos cuidadores responsáveis. A sobrecarga moderada/severa foi a mais prevalente, com diferença significativa pré e pós-intervenção. Conclusão: A sobrecarga referida pelos cuidadores merece um “olhar” e uma intervenção, para que compartilhem experiências e implementem mudanças no seu cotidiano.
Adverse Events Reporting System as Experienced by Critical-Care Nurses in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Gqaleni Thusile Mabel , Bhengu Busisiwe Rosemary
Published: June 2018

Critically ill patients admitted to critical-care units (CCUs) might have life-threatening or potentially life-threatening problems. Adverse events (AEs) occur frequently in CCUs, resulting in compromised quality of patient care. This study explores the experiences of critical-care nurses (CCNs) in relation to how the reported AEs were analysed and handled in CCUs. The study was conducted in the CCUs of five purposively selected hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A descriptive qualitative design was used to obtain data through in-depth interviews from a purposive sample of five unit managers working in the CCUs to provide a deeper meaning of their experiences. This study was a part of a bigger study using a mixed-methods approach. The recorded qualitative data were analysed using Teschâ€™s content analysis. The main categories of information that emerged during the data analysis were (i)Â the existence of an AE reporting system, (ii)Â the occurrence of AEs, (iii)Â the promotion of and barriers to AE reporting, and (iv)Â the handling of AEs. The findings demonstrated that there were major gaps that affected the maximum utilisation of the reporting system. In addition, even though the system existed in other institutions, it was not utilised at all, hence affecting quality patient care. The following are recommended: (1)Â a non-punitive and non-confrontational system should be promoted, and (2)Â an organisational culture should be encouraged where support structures are formed within institutions, which consist of a legal framework, patient and family involvement, effective AE feedback, and education and training of staff.
РОЛЬ МАЛОГО БИЗНЕСА В РАЗВИТИИ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ АПК
Authors: Пахрудинова Анжела Адильбеговна
Published: June 2018

Цель работы. Целью работы является рассмотрение тенденций развития малого бизнеса в РФ, раскрытие социально-экономической роли в секторе услуг. Приводятся абсолютные и относительные показатели развития малых средних обслуживающих предприятий в РФ. Метод или методология проведения работы. Исследования тенденций развития экономик развитых и развивающихся стран более отчетливо отражают тенденцию, направленную на повышение роли сектора услуг. В свою очередь, долей сфер услуг обладают малые и средние предприятия, которые не ухудшают макроэкономическую ситуацию. Также невозможно обойтись без наукоемких подходов к созданию таких инструментов поддержки бизнеса. Результаты. Современные экономические условия требуют разнообразия форм собственности, структуры, бизнес-идеи и финансовые стратегии развития малого предприятия сферы услуг. Хотя сектор услуг экономики имеет больше чем 20 лет предприимчивого развития, но все еще мелкий бизнес испытывает проблемы, связанные с отсутствием опыта: идет поток новых сотрудников, а современные поколения не обладают необходимыми профессиональными навыками. В сфере услуг должен строиться сам менеджмент и маркетинг по другому принципу, отличающемуся от материального производства, по мере того, как мы общаемся с конкретным товаром – нематериальной услугой. Во многих отношениях сектор услуг ориентирован на население, что заставляет развивать такое маркетинговое направление, как социальный маркетинг, который в основном реализуется государством и не развит в бизнес-сообществе из-за своей низкой рентабельности. Избранные финансовые, инвестиционные, коммерческие и инновационные стратегии не носят комплексный характер, они реализуются фрагментарно, и их требования порой неуместны для современного рынка. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут использоваться органами управления АПК при формировании системы управления инновационным развитием региональных агропромышленных комплексов. Выводы. Для формирования инновационной аграрной экономики необходимо, чтобы агропромышленное производство базировалось в основном на инновационной деятельности, для которой в обязательном порядке нужны новые технологии для того, чтобы сформировать единое финансово-информационное пространство.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ КЛАСТЕРНОГО МЕТОДА ДЛЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РЕГИОНОМ
Authors: Абдуллаева Тамара Курбановна , Абдулаев Хабиб Гагаринович
Published: June 2018

Цель работы. Исследовать текущее состояние и перспективы развития кластерных образований в региональном агропромышленном комплексе. Метод. Используются методы экономического и логического анализа, а также статистический анализ динамики объемов производства продукции сельского хозяйства и показателей развития кластерообразующих предприятий АПК в регионе. Результаты работы. Формирование и развитие кластеров является одним из основных направлений стимулирования экономического роста в регионе, эффективным инструментом взаимодействия субъектов регионального агропромышленного комплекса. В статье проанализированы современное состояние и перспективы использования кластерного подхода в развитии регионального агропромышленного комплекса, сформулированы ключевые условия и уточнен механизм становления и устойчивого развития кластеров в агропромышленном комплексе региона. Область применения результатов. Приведенные выводы дополняют научные представления об особенностях развития интеграционных процессов с использованием кластерного подхода в агропромышленном комплексе региона. Результаты проведенного исследования могут быть использованы при формировании и развитии кластерных структур в АПК, а также при разработке и реализации комплексных программ регионального социально-экономического развития. Выводы. В настоящее время агропромышленный комплекс региона испытывает целый ряд проблем, сдерживающих его динамичное развитие. Делается вывод о том, что самостоятельно справиться с данными проблемами предприятиям в современных условиях хозяйствования практически невозможно. Это обуславливает особую значимость различных интеграционных образований, в т. ч. кластеров. Показано, что кластерный подход управления региональным агропромышленным комплексом является эффективным инструментом повышения устойчивости развития и конкурентоспособности региона.
Use of an ingredient-based analysis to investigate a national outbreak of Escherichia coli O157, United Kingdom, July 2016
Authors: Gardiner Daniel , Gobin Maya , Verlander Neville Q , Oliver Isabel , Hawker Jeremy
Published: June 2018

Public Health England was alerted to a national outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 PT34 in July 2016. Early investigations suggested that the likely source was a salad item consumed outside of the home. A number of cases reported consuming meals at a staff canteen (Venue A) and a garden café (Venue B). Both venues shared a common salad supplier. An investigation was undertaken to measure associations between salad items and illness using an 'ingredient-based analysis'. A retrospective case–control study was conducted using an online questionnaire to collect information on menu items consumed at each venue. Chefs at both venues were interviewed to identify ingredients contained within each menu item. Both venues were pooled together for multivariable analysis measuring associations at the ingredient level. Among 203 responses, 24 cases were identified (13 confirmed, two probable and nine possible). Case onsets ranged between 7 and 25 June 2016. Multivariable analysis identified strong evidence that only baby mixed-leaf salad from the common supplier was a vehicle of infection (adjusted odds ratio = 13.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.6–106.5). Identifying the specific salad ingredient associated with illness was made possible by using an ingredient-based analysis. We recommend the increased use of ingredient-based analyses.
An overview of holistic approach to achieve net zero energy residential building retrofit
Authors: Qu Ke , Chen Xiangjie , Riffat Saffa
Published: June 2018

In this review, we focus on the holistic approach technologies and strategies of energy-efficient residential building retrofitting. Besides, energy balance between both energy demand side and renewable energy supply side are discussed with the integration of different renewable energy technologies, such as advanced insulation, high efficient heat pump, solar aided energy system, combined heat and power plants, dynamic control strategies. Moreover, this review especially focused on the retrofitting problems and challenges of traditional residential buildings which is mostly built before 1960s, which accounts for 14.5% of the overall 〖CO〗_2 emission based on 2015 levels. Combined with these retrofit technologies, several reference residential building cases in Europe are analysed, indicating six main problems from pre-retrofit simulation to retrofit operation process that obstacle the retrofitting performance. To bridge the performance gaps, this review discussed the building performance simulation models and optimization algorithms. The optimization function have mathematical characters of multi-objective, multi-variability, multi-disciplinary, multi-constrained (4M) with discrete, non-linear characteristics. Applying the optimization strategies model is an essential to build a deep understanding between building performance simulation (BPS) and building performance optimization (BPO), which help us to make an optimised holistic retrofitting decisions.
Tourism Intensity in the NUTS III Regions of Slovakia
Authors: Štefko Róbert , Vašaničová Petra , Litavcová Eva , Jenčová Sylvia
Published: June 2018

Although Slovakia is not yet well known on the international tourism market, regional specificity and variability predetermine the Slovak area for the development of tourism, which has become increasingly popular in recent years. The aim of this paper is to assess and visualize the tourism intensity in the NUTS III regions of Slovakia. Therefore, we calculate indicators such as Defert index, tourism intensity rate, Charvat index, index of territorial density of tourism, tourist density rate, and index of land use. Results show that Bratislava Region had the biggest volume of tourism intensity; the second position occupied the Zilina Region; and the Presov Region ranked third. We found out that there has been a positive change in the development of almost all tourism intensity indicators during the period from 2001 to 2016. Based on the values of the calculated indicators, it seems that Slovakia still has the opportunity to develop tourism sector in all regions.
Сутність та принципи формування бюджетної політики на місцевому рівні
Authors: Prots Natalia
Published: June 2018

У статті досліджено дефініцію «бюджетна політика» та розкрито її сутність на місцевому рівні. Запропоновано при формуванні бюджетної політики на місцевому рівні дотримуватися таких принципів, як самостійність, гласність, ефективність, субсидіарність, соціальна справедливість, об’єктивність, збалансованість, наступність, звітність та неподільна відповідальність, еквівалентність фіскального обміну
ANALISIS EFESIENSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR SOSIAL, EKONOMI DAN TEKNIS YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONVERSI USAHATANI JERUK KE USAHATANI KOPI DI KECAMATAN BARUSJAHE KABUPATEN KARO
Authors: Ginting Albina , Nainggolan Hotden L , Ginting Musfrianto H
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study are; a) to determine the efficiency level of citrus farming and conversion to coffee farming in Barusjahe District, b) to identify social, economic and technical factors affecting conversion of citrus farming to coffee farming in Barusjahe District, and this research uses descriptive data analysis method. The results of research are; a) average income level of citrus farming Rp. 14,867,110/ha/ year < average income of coffee farming Rp.17.675.996 /ha/ year, and efficiency of citrus farming (R/ C: 2.52) < efficiency of coffee farming (R/C: 4,43), b) Social factor that is public acknowledgment is the main reason of 33% of respondents to convert citrus farming to coffee farming. And the economic factor that is the price is the main reason 33.3% respondents, the conversion of citrus farming to coffee farming. As well as technical factors namely the maintenance process is the main reason for 56.67% of farmers respondents to convert citrus farming to coffee farming in Barusjahe District. Based on the research results suggested; a) for the government to conduct continuous counseling for farmers of coffee farming so that its production is increasing, b) so that citrus farmers do better maintenance and maintenance in order to optimize their production, c) so that farmers use pesticide in accordance with recommended dosage, to reduce the cost pesticides, d) for farmers to pay attention to the concept of sustainable agriculture in converting  land  from citrus farming to coffee farming in Barusjahe District so farmers' income can be sustainable.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI ALOKATIF USAHA TANI TAMBAK IKAN BANDENG (Chanos chanos F) DI KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA
Authors: Riani .
Published: June 2018

Milkfish is a fishery resource produced of aquaculture. This farming could be profitable if it is produced with optimal production. However, the milkfish productivity by fish farmers in North Aceh District was very low. Because were not efficient production factors used. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence the production and the level of technical and economical efficiency of fish farming ponds. Cross section data o used in the survey.This data was analyzed by using stochastic frontier production and efficiency test. The research showed that the significant factors affecting the production of pond fish farming were the area of land, spindles, pesticides and feed. The fishponds in the research area  had not reached the allocative efficiency.The research  suggested that farmers  optimize the production factors significantly consisting of like land, spindles, pesticides and feed to get full efficiency
Bimbingan Karir Kolaboratif dalam Pemantapan Perencanaan Karir Siswa SMA
Authors: Afdal Afdal , Suya M , Syamsu Syamsu , Uman Uman
Published: June 2018

Individual career development along the life span is integrated in each role, setting, events in life and is influenced by many factors. One of the factors that affect the development of the individual's career is a family environment. At issue now is the development of a career is not a major concern for parents. Parents consider issues relating to the development of careers is the responsibility of the teacher at the school, particularly teachers of guidance and counseling. The problem becomes when the teacher/counselor who understands the BK and understand deeply about children and career progression does not perform activities of collaboration/cooperation with parents to jointly realize the optimal child development careers so it is able to take decisions appropriately and independently with regard to education and career in the future. This paper discusses the basic concept of collaborative career guidance, career guidance principles and collaborative implementation of collaborative career guidance to establish career planning high school students.
Mewaspadai Secondary Traumatic Stress Saat Memberi Pelayanan Konseling
Authors: Diniaty Amirah
Published: June 2018

Not infrequently counselor faced with complicated problems and traumatic outstanding experienced by the client. According to Figley and Stamm (in Stamm, 1999), a trauma counselor can come to experience some of the symptoms are similar to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), which is owned by their clients. Figley (in Richardson, 2001) defines this situation with Secondary Traumatic Stress (hereinafter referred to as STS), which is something that occurs naturally, is a behavioral and emotional consequences as a result of knowledge about a traumatic event experienced by a significant other. The term 'secondary' refers to the fact that the trauma experienced by others, but then experienced by the participating parties observe, giving aid, or listen to the story (Sidabutar, 2003). This is the "price" of giving attention, care, and help individuals who experience trauma. Counselors need to be aware of this condition. Discussion professional is one important activity that needs to be done.
Konsep Diri Remaja pada Masa Pubertas dan Implikasinya terhadap Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Juliana Juliana , Ibrahim Indra , Sano Afrizal
Published: June 2018

For students who are in puberty, they should have a self-concept in the face of changes experienced during puberty. Where they should have the knowledge, hope, and an assessment of the rapid body changes that occur at that time. But the facts on the ground, from observations and interviews that there are students who do not have a good self-concept in the face of puberty. This study classified the type of descriptive quantitative research. Research subjects were 79 students in the class VII puberty in SMP 13 Sijunjung. The research instrument is the questionnaire. Research findings reveal: in general students have a good self-concept in the face of puberty.
Komunikasi Interpersonal Siswa Pengguna Internet dan Implikasinya terhadap Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Marnita Winda , Ahmad Riska , Said Azrul
Published: June 2018

Interpersonal communication through the internet is now becoming a trend among the public, especially students. Online communication is ofÂ  interest by students because it is cheap, easy and fast. The Internet as a communication medium between the interpersonal students with parents, teachers and fellow internet users. The use of the internet as a medium of interpersonal communication understood the students well. Aspects that should be understood in communicating interpersonal are students use of the internet, the purpose of the use of the internet, openness, attention, empathy, equality. This research is descriptive research, the population in this study are students of SMP Negeri Padang 25 that become the subject of research is as much as 69 students, data collected by using question form. This study reveals students' interpersonal communication through the internet and the implications for guidance and counselling services. Because most of students have yet to understand and implement the aspects of the accommodation.
Pendapat Siswa tentang Pelaksanaan Instrumen Non-Tes
Authors: Dewi Melia Sutra , Ibrahim Indra
Published: June 2018

Implementation of the non-test instrument is essential to support the guidance and counseling services in schools. Phenomenon in the field of guidance and counseling teachers less preparing/planning the implementation of the non-test instrument and there is guidance and counseling teachers who do not deliver the results to the students as well as less use of non-test instrument results . This study aims to describe students' opinions about: (1) preparation/planning, (2) the administration, (3) the delivery of results, and (4) the use of non-test instrument results. Type a descriptive study with a class XI student population numbering 178 people. Samples numbered 61 people were taken using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by a percentage formula. The results showed that students' opinions on the implementation of the non-test instrument with respect to: (1) preparation/planning done well, (2) the administration, (3) the delivery of results, and (4) the use of non-test results is less instrument performing well.
Self Efficacy Mahasiswa Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Bariyyah Khairul
Published: June 2018

Self-efficacy is a strong factor in determining a person to act, think and react when faced with situations that are not fun. Students with high self-efficacy tend to have persistent effort, diligent, tenacious and persevering. This research use descriptive- quantitative methodology to indentify level of self efficacy of counseling students specifically will be identified by gender, and ethnicity. This research will identify self efficacy based on differences of gender, and ethnicity.Â  This research use random and purposive random sampling of 45 counseling students from University. These studies identify of self efficacy 31, 1% in low, 66, 7% medium and 2,2 in high condition. Further, there is no significant difference in the level of self efficacy based on gender, and the ethnicity.
Pengembangan Internal Locus of Control dalam Pelayanan Konseling dan Implikasinya terhadap Perbedaan Budaya Klien
Authors: Marjohan Marjohan
Published: June 2018

The goal of counseling, among other thing,Â Â  is to develop an internal locus of control of a clients. Research, especially in western cultures, has shown that those with an internal locus of control were correlated to their characters, they are:Â  hard work, problem solving skilss, optimistic, engaging in social activities and high in achievement motivation. However, for clients who are not from western cultures a tendency to foster an internal locus of control in the counseling process should be considered properly. This paper describes how toÂ  enhance clientâ€™s internal locus of control for those who do not embrace western cultures Â
Perkhidmatan Kaunseling di Institusi Penjagaan Kesihatan: Isu dan Cabaran Kaunselor di Sarawak
Authors: Aren Merikan , Ghani Faizah Abd , Zainuddin Zainal Abidin
Published: June 2018

Perkhidmatan kaunseling di Malaysia tidak hanya bertapak di institusi pendidikan tetapi telah berkembang dengan pesat di pelbagai agensi kerajaan dan swasta mulai 1990an dengan tertubuhnya Unit Psikologi dan Kaunseling oleh Jabatan Perkhidmatan Awam Malaysia. Perkhidmatan kaunseling di institusi penjagaan kesihatan adalah bertujuan untuk membantu klien memahami dan berupaya menghadapi perasaan dan emosi berkaitan dengan masalah kesihatan di samping membantu klien untuk berkembang serta memberi sokongan yang berterusan sepanjang proses rawatan. Kajian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti isu dan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh para kaunselor dalam melaksanakan perkhidmatan kaunseling di institusi penjagaan kesihatan. Dapatan kajian mendapati enam tema utama isu dan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh kaunselor iaitu peranan kaunselor (24.6%), limitasi perkhidmatan (22.8%) kelayakan kaunselor (19.3%), aplikasi perkhidmatan kaunseling kesihatan (15.5%), cadangan penambahbaikan (14%) dan keperluan garis panduan (3.8%). Seterusnya, kajian ini juga membincangkan implikasi kajian terhadap peranan, latihan dan aplikasi kaunseling kesihatan di institusi penjagaan kesihatan.
Kondisi Stres Akademik Siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Padang
Authors: Taufik Taufik , Ifdil Ifdil , Ardi Zadrian
Published: June 2018

This research conduct base from increasing the National Examination standards from recent years, and overload studentâ€™s learning activity in Senior High School (SMA). These conditions as triggers stress students, from a long time, its influence on their learning. Based that, the research is to identify level of student academic stress, and differences base gender, and school location. This research use Cluster Random Sampling. Samples are grouped into 3 (three), thatâ€™s school is located in downtown, midtown and the Suburbs. Research findings show that there are 15% of studentâ€™s stress academic at low levels of, 71,8% experiencing stress academic at medium level, and 13.2% of students experiencing stress academic at high level. There was no significant difference between the academic stress Student SMAN in Padang by location and gender. These research findings can then be an important basic need for guidance and counseling services in order to decrease the level of stress of academic students in Padang city, so that they can learn by making every effort that is optimal.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Metode Belajar Kelompok pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Kelas VI SD Negeri 35 Kampung Sawah Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014
Authors: ANDRI ANDRI
Published: June 2018

Fungsi pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) di Sekolah Dasar adalah untuk mengembangkan sikap rasional tentang gejala-gejala sosial serta wawasan tentang perkembangan masyarakat Indonesia dan dunia di masa lampau dan masa kini. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah Bagaimanakah metode belajar kelompok dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan aktivitas belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran IPS di Kelas VI SD Negeri 35 Kampung Sawah Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014?Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan memperoleh gambaran tentang sejauh mana metoda belajar kelompok dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS di Kelas VI SD Negeri 35 Kampung Sawah Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014.Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) pada siswa SD Negeri 35 Kampung Sawah Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan.Hasil penelitian menunjukan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa.Siswa yang aktif juga mengalami peningkatan.Siswa juga berpendapat bahwa pembelajaran ini dapat meningkatkan keterampilan mereka untuk berpendapat dan menyelesaikan masalah.
Los otros mexicanos
Authors: Mallén Rivera Carlos
Published: June 2018

Son habitantes del territorio mexicano desde hace miles, algunos millones de años. Configuraron, gracias a la evolución, los ecosistemas de México; llevaron semillas de un lugar a otro de la geografía nacional y, con ello, contribuyeron a la adaptación de las plantas en diversos lugares, con lo cual se dio origen a la transformación de los ecosistemas que algún día serían el paisaje del pueblo mexicano. Han acompañado, motivado y padecido todos los cambios históricos, sociales y, cada vez más económicos. Sin embargo, su protagonismo en la vida nacional en muy raras ocasiones es reconocido. Prácticamente, no son sujetos de derecho, pero tampoco de la conciencia de los cronistas y estudiosos del devenir de la Patria.

Estos habitantes acompañaron a las distintas civilizaciones que surgieron en lo que miles de años después sería México. Hombres antiguos que muy posiblemente llegaron buscando alimento, cobijo y un entorno propicio para sus propios destinos.

Los descendientes de los olmecas y mayas se desarrollaron gracias a los recursos naturales que cada hábitat les ofrecía. Empero, no estaban solos. Cada etnia era configurada por las mismas condiciones ambientales que sostenían a una amplia diversidad biológica. Y cada organismo conformaba los razgos civilizatorios como la agricultura, el aprovechamiento y la tradición, cimientos de la cultura de lo que se llamaría Estados Unidos Mexicanos, y que en su emblema nacional contiene estos elementos naturales revestidos de milenios de tradición, historia y simbolismo.
GUÍA DE DENSIDAD PARA MANEJO DE BOSQUES NATURALES DE Pinus teocote Schlecht. et Cham. EN HIDALGO
Authors: Hernández Ramos Jonathan , García Magaña J. Jesús , Muñoz Flores H. Jesús , García Cuevas Xavier , Sáenz Reyes Trinidad , Flores López Celestino , Hernández Ramos Adrián
Published: June 2018

La densidad es un indicador confiable del grado de ocupación del arbolado de un lugar y tiempo específicos, además es una de las pocas variables que representan, de manera sencilla y objetiva la estructura de áreas forestales. En 12 municipios del oriente del estado de Hidalgo se elaboró una guía de densidad para bosques de Pinus teocote. Con la finalidad de desarrollar la metodología de Índice de Densidad de Rodales de Reineke se levantaron 282 sitios de muestreo con dimensiones entre 100 y 1 000 m2 en rodales de densidad completa; asimismo, para definir el Factor de Competencia de Copas se midieron 131 árboles individuales aislados. En la construcción de la guía de densidad se determinó la línea de máxima densidad o nivel “A” con el modelo propuesto por Reineke: se obtuvo un índice de 755 árboles a un diámetro cuadrático de 25 cm. Con los árboles aislados se estableció la línea “B” o densidad mínima; bajo la metodología del Factor de Competencia de Copas: el índice registrado fue de 421 árboles para el mismo diámetro cuadrático. A partir de la guía generada se relacionaron índices cuantitativos que permiten comparar el grado de densidad y algunas variables dasométricas en rodales de Pinus teocote, de manera independiente de la edad, la calidad de sitio y dimensiones de los árboles dentro de intervalos de densidad específicos.
TABLAS DE RENDIMIENTO PARA TECA (Tectona grandis L.) EN EL ESTADO DE CAMPECHE
Authors: Camacho-Linton Adair , Ramírez-Maldonado Hugo , De los Santos-Posadas Héctor Manuel , Zamudio Sánchez Francisco José
Published: June 2018

Se elaboraron tablas de producción para plantaciones de teca (Tectona grandis) en el estado de Campeche, que son aplicables a zonas cuyas condiciones ambientales sean similares. Se procesó información de 233 árboles dominantes de parcelas de 1.2 a 21 años. La productividad de los terrenos fue considerada con la aproximación del índice de sitio, mediante la altura de los árboles dominantes a la edad base de 23 años, misma que se determinó por ser el turno esperado de algunas de las plantaciones más grandes establecidas en el país. Se advierte que la altura corresponde a una proyección al aplicar el modelo ajustado en este trabajo, ya que no se obtuvieron datos para edades mayores. Con el objeto de proyectar el rendimiento se recurrió a la opción del árbol medio. Se ajustaron ecuaciones de crecimiento para altura y diámetro basadas en el modelo de Schumacher de tres parámetros. Las tablas de producción se presentan para una densidad de 1 055 árboles ha-1, a partir de 1 1 ejemplares en una plantación con 95% de supervivencia. Se seleccionaron tres niveles de productividad: a los 19 años, para el nivel bajo, con un índice de sitio de 15 m y un volumen de 134 m3 ha-1; para el nivel intermedio, de 20 m y 309 m3 ha-1, y para el nivel alto, de 25 m y 592 m3 ha-1, respectivamente. Dichos valores son indicativos, pues el cultivo implicará aclareos que mantendrán los volúmenes en dimensiones menores.
DIVERSITAS DAN KARAKTERISTIK ALGA MERAH (Rhodophyta) PADA AKAR MANGROVE DI TELUK SEREWE KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Sukiman Mursal Ghazali, Hijjatul Husna,
Published: June 2018

AbstrakÃÂ Alga merah (Rhodophyta) merupakan tumbuhan tingkat rendah yang umumnya tumbuhÃÂ  melekat pada substrat tertentu seperti pada karang, lumpur, pasir, batu dan benda keras lainnya. Salah satunya melekat pada mangrove yang merupakan kawasanÃÂ  bernutrisi tinggi. Salah satu daerah yang memiliki hutan mangrove cukup luas ialah Teluk Serewe Kecamatan Jerowaru Lombok Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragamanÃÂ  jenis dan karakteristik alga merah yang terdapat pada akar mangrove. Pengambilan sampel pada 4 stasiunÃÂ  menggunakanÃÂ  metode purposive sampling danÃÂ  jelajah pada saat air surut. Jarak pengambilan sampel yaitu 800 m pada setiap stasiun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian alga merah yang di peroleh sebanyak 11 spesies yaitu, 4 spesies dari genus Bostrychia, 3 spesies dari genus Caloglossa, 2 spesies dari genus Catenella, 1 spesies dari genus Gelidium, 1 spesies dari genus Stictosiphonia. Karakteristik alga merah yang menempel pada akar mangrove yaitu bentuk talus silindris dan menyerupai daun (blade), percabangan dikotom atau monopodial dengan sel polysiphonous..Kata Kunci: Alga merah, Hutan Mangrove, LingkunganÃÂ AbstractRed algae are Thallophyta that generally grow attached to certain substrates such as in coral, mud, sand, and other hard objects. One of them is attached to the mangrove which is a highly nutritious area. One of the forests that have mangrove forest is quite wide is Serewe Village, Jerowaru District East Lombok. This study aims to determine the diversity of species and red algae characteristics found in mangrove root. Sampling at four stations using purposive sampling method and roaming at low tide. The distance of sampling is 800m at each station. Based on the results of the study of red algae obtained as many as 11 species, namely 4 species of the genus Bostrychia, 3 species of genus Caloglassa, 2 species of genus Catenella, 1 species of genus Gelidium, 1 species of genus Stictosiphonia. Characteristics of red algae attached to mangrove root that forms cylindrical thallus and has branching leaf (blade) dichotomy or monopodial with polysiphonous cells.Keyword :Red Algae, Mangrove Forest and Environment.
UJI TOKSISITAS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT) PADA EKSTRAK MANGROVE (Avicennia Marina, Rhizophora Mucronata, Sonneratia Alba dan Xylocarpus Granatum) YANG BERASAL DARI BANYUASIN, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: M. Hendri Elsy Puspitasari, Rozirwan,
Published: June 2018

AbstrakÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ  Mangrove merupakan salah satu sumber senyawa bioaktif yang berasal dari wilayah pesisir dan diketahui memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung dan menganalisis tingkat toksisitas serta membandingkan kemampuan toksisitas ekstrak daun, batang dan akar mangrove (A. marina, R. mucronata, S. alba dan X. granatum) yang berasal dari Pesisir Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan. Prosedur penelitian meliputi ; pengambilan dan preparasi sampel, ekstraksi, uji toksisitas dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dan analisis data menggunakan Analisa Probit. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat tiga ekstrak yang bersifat toksik dan sembilan ekstrak tidak toksik terhadap larva A. salina. Ekstrak yang bersifat toksik terdapat pada daunditandai dengan nilai LC50< 1000 ÃÂ¼g/mL. Ekstrak daun A. marina 403.44 ÃÂ¼g/mL,ÃÂ  R. mucronata 709.7 ÃÂ¼g/mL dan S. alba 801.75 ÃÂ¼g/mL. Ekstrak daun A. marina memiliki kemampuan toksisitas lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan ekstrak lainnya.ÃÂ Kata Kunci : Artemia salina, Banyuasin, BSLT, Ekstrak mangrove, Potensi antikankerÃÂ AbstractÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ  Mangrove is one of the bioactive compound sources from coastal area and has known as potential anticancer. The purposes of this study were to calculate and analyze the toxicity level of each mangrove species (Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba and Xylocarpus granatum) and determine the strongest toxicity level among those species. The procedures in this study included ; samplescollection and preparation, extraction, toxicity test used Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method and data analyzed Probit Analysis. The results showed that three extracts had the potential toxicity and nine other extracts had no toxicity effect to Artemia salina larvae. The toxic extracts contained in the leaves were characterized by LC50ÃÂ  < 1000 ÃÂ¼g/mL. The leaf extract toxicity of A. marina, R. mucronata and S. alba were 403.44 ÃÂ¼g/mL, 709.7 ÃÂ¼g/mLand 801.75 ÃÂ¼g/mL, respectively. The A. marina leaf extract had a potential to be the strongest toxic among other extracts.Keywords : Artemia salina, Banyuasin, BSLT, Mangrove extract, PotentialÃÂ  anticancerÃÂ
Trichilemmoma of the Scalp: An Unusual Presentation
Authors: Santos Rui Pedro , Ferreira Olga , Teixeira Margarida , Brito Celeste
Published: June 2018

Trichilemmoma is a benign tumor with origin in the ou-ter root sheath cells of the pilosebaceous follicles. The relationship between the human papilloma virus and this neoplasm remain controversial.
Papiloma Invertido Nasossinusal com Malignização: A Propósito de um Caso Clínico
Authors: Paulo Cláudia , Caroça Cristina
Published: June 2018

O papiloma invertido é uma neoplasia benigna do epitélio nasossinusal caracterizado pela sua capacidade de invasão local, elevadas taxas de recorrência e risco de malignidade. Apresenta-se o caso de um doente do sexo masculino, 37 anos, com história de cirurgias nasais prévias, que se apresentava com sintomas de obstrução nasal e sensação de corpo estranho de evolução prolongada. Foi realizada cirurgia endoscópica nasal e a análise histopatológica das amostras revelou um padrão de papiloma invertido com carcinoma in situ. É discutido o diagnóstico diferencial desta patologia, bem como a sua relação com a malignidade e tratamento da mesma.
Afasia e Alteração de Comportamento: Desafio Diagnóstico
Authors: Afonso Sandra , Nogueira Mariana , Ferreira José Carlos , Neto Ana Serrão
Published: June 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: A síndrome de Landau-Kleffner é caracterizada por uma afasia adquirida, associada a atividade paroxística contínua no sono, documentada no eletroencefalograma. Descreve-se este caso com o objetivo de alertar para a importância da suspeição clínica deste diagnóstico.

CASO CLÍNICO: Criança do sexo feminino, com desenvolvimento psicomotor prévio adequado, inicia aos 5 anos quadro de alteração do comportamento, acompanhada de regressão da linguagem, compreensiva e expressiva. Após suspeição clínica, o diagnóstico de síndrome de Landau-Kleffner foi confirmado pelo eletroencefalograma, com atividade paroxística centro-temporal bilateral de predomínio esquerdo e padrão de ponta-onda contínua durante o sono. Iniciou terapêutica farmacológica com corticoide, antiepilético e terapia da fala. Verificou-se melhoria do comportamento e linguagem, com normalização do eletroencefalograma.

DISCUSSÃO: A síndrome de Landau-Kleffner pode apresentar variantes no tipo de manifestações clínicas iniciais, podendo mimetizar algumas doenças do foro psiquiátrico. A precocidade no diagnóstico e intervenção tem implicações no prognóstico a longo termo.
Retalho de Rotação Súpero-Medial: Resultados em Três Doentes
Authors: Tavares Ermelindo
Published: June 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: O retalho de rotação súpero-medial é um retalho cutâneo local, randomizado, e predominantemente de rotação, que permite encerrar defeitos de média e grande dimensão, nas regiões malar súpero-medial e pele palpebral inferior.

MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Dois homens e uma mulher foram submetidos a exérese alargada de lesões clinicamente sugestivas de carcinoma basocelular da face, sob anestesia local, seguida de reconstrução com retalho de rotação súpero-medial.

RESULTADOS: Não se registaram complicações pós-operatórias imediatas ou tardias. Os resultados funcionais e morfológicos foram aceitáveis. Os doentes não apresentaram recidivas nos 12 meses de seguimento.

DISCUSSÃO: O retalho de rotação súpero-medial é um procedimento simples, realizado em tempo operatório único, sob anestesia local. Constitui uma excelente opção dentre as várias técnicas cirúrgicas reconstrutivas perioculares clássicas. O ectrópio é uma complicação rara.

CONCLUSÃO: O retalho de rotação súpero-medial revelou-se uma opção cirúrgica segura e eficaz nos três casos.
Contemporary Role of Robotics in Bariatric Surgery: Experience of CUF Infante Santo Hospital
Authors: Reynvoet Emmelie , Silva Nelson , Galindo Luís , Girão Ricardo , Reisinho Paulo , Vaz Carlos
Published: June 2018

INTRODUCTION: The use of robotics in bariatric surgery is increasing worldwide, with the main objective of reducing complications and optimising surgical outcome. This study presents a single centre 1.5-year experience and clinical outcome with robotic gastric bypass.

METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of 42 consecutive patients who underwent a robotic gastric bypass. Patient files were analysed to obtain patient characteristics, weight loss results and per-and postoperative morbidity.

RESULTS: In 32/42 patients, a primary gastric bypass was performed, the remaining 10 procedures were revision cases. Mean start weight was 111.1 (+/- 20.5) kg, mean start BMI was 39.7 (+/- 5.6) kg/m2. Almost half of the patients presented with pre-existing comorbidities.  After a mean follow-up of 9.1 (+/-5.2) months, mean body mass index was 30.16 (+/-5.3) kg/m2 with a percentage excess weight loss of 66.16 (+/- 43.6)%. There were no conversions, no leaks and no mortality. Two patients presented with minor complications; one infected hematoma and one anastomotic ulcer. Mean length of stay in the hospital was 2.8 (2-5) days. All but one patients were satisfied with the weight loss result.

CONCLUSION: The robotic gastric bypass is a safe and reproducible approach to treat morbid obesity. A secure handsewn gastrojejunal anastomosis, quick recovery and better ergonomics are the main advantages of this technique.
Prof. Burdgetary Allocation and Utilization of Instructional Resources for Science Based Subjects in Secondary Schools in Kenya
Authors: Odundo Paul Amolloh , Oyier Charles Richard
Published: June 2018

Instructional resources are educational inputs necessary for raising quality of education across the school system. Planning for instructional resources include setting aside money through budgetary allocation for procurement of resources. An assurance for availability and adequacy of instructional resources require defined sources of funds and standardized procedures with appropriate financial base for prudent utilization. Interaction between policy and practice in budgeting process assures efficient utilization of finance for science instructional resources in schools. The study focussed on identification of gaps within national educational policy framework on budgeting process which influence planning for science instructional resources. Specifically, determining extent to which policy framework supports budgetary allocation, financial resources, standardized procedures and financial accountability in science instructional management. The study adopted frontloading approach, a methodological process that translates (inter)national human rights standards and obligations into the budget proposals required for effective implementation in public policy. The study reviewed legal instruments, publications, reports and documentation on instructional management. Findings indicated that, domesticating ICESCR in Constitution of Kenya (2010) scanty policy guidelines on issues of quality instruction; limited specific provision for budgetary allocation for science instructional resources, as much as FDSE provide no budgetary guidelines on bridging deficits, adherence to legal provision guiding procurement procedures and accountability. The study recommends streamlining of policies to entrench framework support for implementation and monitoring and evaluation of resource allocation for quality of instruction and management.
İKTİSADİ KURAMLAR ve GİRİŞİMCİLİK
Authors: YENER Serdar
Published: June 2018

Girişimcilik ülkelerin ekonomik gelişme ve büyümesi için önemli bir rol oynamasına rağmen iktisat yazınında yeterince araştırmaya konu olmamıştır. Alanyazında fizyokrasi, klasik ve neoklasik dönem,  Amerikan, Alman ve Avusturya okullarında mikro ve makro ekonomi bağlamda girişimciliğe ilişkin düşünceler  mevcut olsa da bunların sistematik bir şekilde ele alındığı ve karşılaştırıldığı, modern düşüncelerin sunulduğu çalışma sayısı çok azdır. Girişimciliğin  ortaya çıktığı toplumla ve ekonomik göstergelerle olan ilişkisi gözönüne alındığında, alanyazında bu ilişkiyi analitik açıdan değerlendirecek bir çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğu görülmektedir. Alanyazının bu ihtiyacının giderilmesine yönelik yapılan bu çalışma literatür taraması yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Ulusal ve uluslararası alanyazınında öne çıkan araştırmaların sistematik bir şekilde ele alındığı bu çalışmada iktisadi değişkenlerin yanısıra psikolojik ve sosyolojik değişkenlerin önemi de gözönünde bulundurulmuştur.
Um diálogo sobre práticas na formação dos professores que ensinam matemática
Authors: Barreto Maria das Graças Bezerra , Prado Maria Elisabette Brisola Brito
Published: June 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a abordagem de uma formação continuada de professores que ensinam matemática realizada no ambiente escolar acerca do sistema de numeração decimal e sua relação com as estratégias de contagem utilizadas para resolver problemas aditivos. A metodologia da pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e com caráter de intervenção, envolveu a participação de sete professoras que atuam nos anos iniciais das escolas municipais de São Paulo.  A fundamentação teórica pautou-se principalmente nas ideias de Zeichner, Imbernón e Shulman em relação à formação do professor e nos estudos realizados por Brizuela, Lerner e Sadovsky sobre o desenvolvimento do pensamento numérico, entre outros pesquisadores destes temas.  A pesquisa mostrou que esse processo de formação exigiu reflexões e caminhos alternativos que colaborassem com a reconstrução dos conteúdos matemáticos a ser ensinados, bem como, a escolha de intervenções que ampliasse as possibilidades de aprendizagem dos alunos em sala de aula
Currículo de estrutura algébrica grupo: análise preliminar de um livro didático
Authors: Oliveira Ana Paula Teles de , Manrique Ana Lucia
Published: June 2018

Resumo: Neste artigo temos como objetivo apresentar uma análise preliminar do capítulo sobre estrutura algébrica grupo do livro Álgebra Moderna empregado em cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática. Durante o período de nosso doutoramento em Educação Matemática, tivemos a oportunidade de analisar alguns livros didáticos que trabalham esse assunto, sendo ele o único redigido para ser utilizado apenas em cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática. Metodologicamente consiste em um trabalho documental, denominado síntese, que faz parte da nossa pesquisa intitulada “Um estudo sobre estrutura algébrica grupo: potencialidades e limitações para generalização e formalização”. Segundo Sacristán, há diferentes níveis de currículo, contudo aqui retratamos o currículo moldado aos professores que ministram esse componente curricular. Observamos que antes do conteúdo é apresentado o contexto histórico, que alguns exercícios possuem respostas e que ao evitarem o formalismo matemático, as demonstrações tornam-se confusas.
O uso do origami adaptado para o ensino das formas geométricas planas a uma aluna com deficiência visual
Authors: Cruz Tainá Natielle Barbosa da , Ferreira Robson Dos Santos
Published: June 2018

Neste artigo discutimos as potencialidades do origami no desenvolvimento de conceitos e de caracterização de figuras geométricas planas. As discussões aqui apresentadas fazem parte de uma experiência de ensino realizada durante o curso de licenciatura em matemática. Os resultados apontam para o potencial da utilização do origami no desenvolvimento de conceitos relacionados às figuras planas, tais como: número de lados e suas medidas, a ideia de lados opostos, lados paralelos, dentre outras. Notamos dificuldades nas formas de representação dos ângulos, o que indica a necessidade de desenvolver outras estratégias para se trabalhar essa representação com alunos cegos. Diante da necessidade cada vez maior de recursos metodológicos para o ensino de Geometria, especialmente para os alunos cegos, consideramos que as discussões fomentadas contribuem para o trabalho com conceitos geométricos voltados a alunos deficientes visuais, ainda na primeira etapa do ensino fundamental.