bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Population Aging in Kazakhstan in the Context of Digital Transformation: political-legal and literature review
Authors:   Astana IT University, Zhanarstanova M.B. , Dossymkhan Ye.D. ,   Astana IT University, Kaldybekova A.D. ,   Astana IT University
Published: January 2025

The modern world is in continuous development, with new trends, processes, and challenges facing global communities. One such process is the ageing of the population. Currently, Kazakhstan stands at the threshold of changes in the age structure of society. Therefore, preventive measures can adjust the projected economic and social difficulties associated with the ageing process. It is evident that improving the quality of life for the elderly is a priority, and this involves enhancing medical and social care, as well as providing economic support for the elderly. However, a fulfilling life for the elderly is also impossible without their integration into the socio-political life of society, which is directly related to digitalization trends. Digital transformation is a global phenomenon and a reality of modern life. In Kazakhstan, obtaining medical, social, legal, financial, and other services is implemented through various electronic applications, such as damumed.kz, eGov.kz, kaspi.kz, and others, which is only a small part of the overall digitization process. Full integration of the third generation into the digital space can positively impact their quality of life, fostering more active participation in the social and political life of the state and contributing to their overall well-being. For systemic changes in this area, a comprehensive analysis of the existing policy and legal framework, categorical apparatus, the level of scientific interest in the issues, and the state initiatives regulating the situation of the elderly population in Kazakhstan is necessary. Thus, the goal of this article is to analyze the policy and legal framework of population ageing in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the digital transformation of society.
Migration as a factor of aggravation of ethno-confessional situation in the host country
Authors:   Otandastar Foundation, Korigova L.B. , Kushkumbayev S.K. ,   Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Koblandin K.I. ,   Otandastar Foundation
Published: January 2025

The article considers one of the most pressing problems - migration, associated with unfavorable socio-psychological climate of the host country and insufficient competence of the authorities in decision-making to regulate the migration process. Statistics show that this process is intensifying. At the same time, the most important issue for many countries at present is to determine the level of impact of migration on their further development. As a rule, the problem is that a country accepts migrants when the local population is not ready to accept guests from other territories. Consequently, there is a need to resolve this situation. Thus, the question remains open how to build a channel of interconnection between the authorities, local residents and migrants pursuing their goals and objectives in a certain territory in order to more effectively prevent the problem of aggravation of inter-ethnic and inter-confessional conflicts due to the inevitable growth of migration. Tolerance, which directly depends on the state's policy towards migrants, plays no small role here. For example, a relatively high level of tolerance of the population of a number of European countries towards migrants was shown by the survey data of local residents and migrants living in Europe for more than 5-10 years. However, in the absence of a clearly defined and consistent state policy aimed at the integration and adaptation of migrants, the level of tolerance of the local population has been declining over time. Migration is a complex phenomenon that requires further research and updating of theoretical approaches to the study of this issue.
Experience of the European Union in the formation of transport corridors
Authors:   Zulharnay Aldamzhar Kostanay Socio-Technical University, Kulyntay G.Zh. , Abdullin R.B. ,   Zulharnay Aldamzhar Kostanay Socio-Technical University
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the experience of the European Union in the formation of transport corridors. The geographical density of Western Europe determines the need for efficient cargo delivery systems that will minimize financial and time costs, as well as risks during transportation. This has led to the development of international programs and national projects based on the principles of logistics. The European Union has succeeded in creating an integrated transport system, which reflects the success of the policy pursued in this area. Today, there is an interest in international experience in the field of integration. The development of transport infrastructure is a key factor in this process, as it allows for the creation of more efficient and integrated economic unions. An interesting research object in this context is the experience of the European Union, which is an integration association with the deepest degree of integration. It is necessary to identify and summarize the patterns associated with the formation and functioning of European international transport corridors, which are key routes for international trade. The author highlights the main elements that contribute to attracting export and import flows of goods through transport corridors passing through the European Union. The integration of the transport market and the implementation of a coordinated transport policy are the cornerstones of the creation of a single market for goods and services. The conclusion is made about the possibility of using the experience of the European Union in the formation of international transport corridors by the Eurasian Economic Union in terms of the mechanism for launching projects at the local level, their mandatory co-financing, as well as the adoption of special program documents to coordinate the development of one or more interconnected international transport corridors.
Comparative analysis of energy strategies of Kazakhstan and the European Union
Authors:   Central Asian Innovation University, Adirbaeva A.A. , Ospanova A.N. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Konuratova A.S. ,   Central Asian Innovation University
Published: January 2025

Kazakhstan strives to meet the growing energy consumption and ensure sustainable economic development through the efficient use of energy resources and the development of renewable energy sources. Achieving energy security is possible through the creation of diverse and sustainable systems with an emphasis on clean environmental energy sources. The orientation of the European Union's energy strategy is to ensure a sustainable, safe and environmentally friendly energy sector capable of providing energy supply and supporting economic growth in the long term. The main problem is the need to match the implementation of the energy policy to the existing needs of an individual state or regional association. A comparison of the energy strategies of Kazakhstan and the European Union indicates that they have similar goals, but the difference lies in the peculiarities of their geographical location, the level of the economy and the policy pursued. At the same time, the main similarity of the analyzed energy strategies is the preference for alternative energy sources, for example, wind and hydrogen energy, taking into account current trends in the development of Kazakhstan and the European Union. At the same time, the exchange of relevant experience, advanced technologies and successful practices of the member states of the European Union can stimulate dynamic development in this direction. The possibilities of practical application of biogas technology are also considered. The author concludes that it is advisable for Kazakhstan and the European Union to cooperate in the process of transition to renewable energy sources. The analysis of the strategic, economic and environmental features of the transition of the regional association of European countries and a separate state of the Central Asian region to alternative energy, which may be interesting for countries with similar aspirations in the global energy sector.
Edigei in the cycle of epics about “Forty Batyrs”: the history of studying versions and variants
Authors:   Institute of Folklore of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Shakhriyar G.F.
Published: January 2025

The epic event “Girch Batyrs” (“Forty Batyrs”), traditional for the Kazakh literary environment, consists of three different cycles: “Anshibai Batyr and His Descendants”, “Karadon Batyr and His Descendants”, “Zhyry about Different Batyrs”. The cyclization of the epics about Edigei and his descendants is included in the cycle “Anshibai Batyr and His Descendants”, which is the first of three rings of the cyclization “Forty Batyrs”. The epics included in this series are dedicated to heroes who came from the Mangit clan and in many cases were historical figures. Cyclization is a poetic expression of the story of the Golden Horde and its successor, the Nogai Horde.

The cyclization “Forty Batyrs” contains almost all the heroic epics of the Golden Horde and the Nogai Horde. Which versions of the epic will be included in the cyclization depends on the zhirav-storytellers. Medieval chronicles, manuscripts of this period and other written sources examine in detail the active role of these epic heroes in the medieval historical scene. The main content of the epic tells about the freedom of the Nogai people, the safety and well-being of the people, they defend themselves and their homeland from the attacks of the Kalmyks and the army of the Qizilbash, which often attacked them.

The main core of the first of the three links of the cyclization is the saga “Edigei”. In fact, the story of Edigei and his descendants forms the basis of the cycle “Forty Batyrs”. All the sagas that followed him were dedicated to people belonging to his genealogy.
Kazak türkçesi güney bölgesi ağızlarında ünlülerin durumu
Authors:   Ahmet Yesevi Üniversitesi, Semiz K.B. , Ibragimov Zh.B. ,   Ahmet Yesevi Üniversitesi
Published: January 2025

Bir dilin tarihi dönemlerini, değişik dil bilgisi şekillerini ve söz varlığını izleyebileceğimiz en önemli yollardan biri de ağızlardan geçmektedir. Bu sayede dillerin tarihi gelişim süreçlerini tespit etmek daha bir mümkün hale gelmektedir. Ağızlarla ilgili yapılan çalışma ve ortaya konulan materyaller ağız atlaslarının oluşturulmasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Dillerden elde edilen malzemeleri çıkararak atlaslarının çıkarılması, birbirine uzak coğrafyalarda hayatını sürdüren lehçelerin birbiriyle mukayeseli çalışmalar yapılmasına da olanak sağlar. Bu bağlamda Türk dilinin muhtelif coğrafyalarında yapılan ağız araştırmaları daha da önem arz etmektedir. Türk dili ve lehçelerinin henüz aydınlatılamamış bazı meselelerine çözüm olabileceği düşüncesiyle çalışmamızda Kazakistan’ın güney bölgesindeki Türkistan ve Kızılorda vilayetleri arasında yaşayan Kazak Türklerinin ağız özelliklerini temel almış bulunmaktayız. Söz konusu ağız ünlüleri durumu bakımından incelenecek ve standart Kazak Türkçesinden farklılıkları ortaya konulacaktır.

Sovyetler Birliği’nin siyasi baskılarına uzun yıllar maruz kalan Kazak Türkçesinin ağızlarına ait diyalektoloji çalışmaları yeteri kadar gelişme gösterememiştir. Toplumdaki siyasi baskı Türkolojinin çalışma imkanlarını da kısıtlamıştır. Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılması sonrası Kazakistan Cumhuriyeti’nin bağımsızlığını ilan etmesiyle beraber Kazak Türkçesinin diyalektoloji araştırma ve incelemelerinde bir ivmelenme söz konusudur. Son otuz yıldır Kazak Türkçesinin diyalektleri üzerinde birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu noktadan hareketle dilin kendine özgü özelliklerinin kayıt altına alınması, dildeki değişmenin takip edilmesi ve söz varlığının tespiti bu açıdan çok önemlidir.
The influence of meteonyms on the development of paremic semantics
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Milovanova N.V. , Yeskeyeva М.K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: January 2025

Since hyman cognition of the environment is based on the peculiarities of their perception of natural phenomena, meteorological vovabulary in the language belongs to the most ancient lexical layer. Meteonyms possess deep ethnocultural content and are often a component of proverbs. Meteonyms in proverbs, which provide a lot of information about the worldview and culture of each nation, have a high potential for transforming the paremic meaning. The article examines the semantic nature of paremiological parallels, which contain meteonyms, in the languages ​​of the Kypchak, Oghuz, Karluk and Bulgar groups of Turkic languages. The function of meteonyms in the formation and development of paremic meaning is analyzed and the direct influence on the change in the meaning of proverbs is determined. The continuity of three levels in the semantic structure of proverbs containing meteonyms, that is the literal meaning of the syntactic structure, the factual meaning of the paremia determined on a logical basis, the situational or pragmatic-functional meaning used in different life situations, is considered on the basis of an analysis of the semantic field of meteorological vocabulary.
Aspects of studying the vocabulary of the Turkic languages
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kulzhanova B. , Zhuzbayeva A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Ilyassova N. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: January 2025

The article examines the features of phonetic, morphological, semantic development and changes of some words found in the Turkic languages. When studying the basic vocabulary of the Turkic languages, various phonetic patterns and phenomena are important. The patterns revealed in science in recent years attest to this. The article focuses on the fact that the study of the phonetic, morphological, semantic sides of the lexeme, considering it in unity when finding the etymology of the word, leads to a great result. Therefore, the analysis taking into account phono-morpho-semantic patterns is a complex work. The article discusses the use of the words root and stem of a plant in modern Turkic languages. Sound and semantic changes in the word are considered. The correspondence of vowel and consonant sounds and phonetic features of each Turkic languages are analyzed. The composition of words is divided into the root and the attachment of affixes. The etymological assumptions of scientists about the origin of these words are analyzed. It also examines which phrases originated in the modern Kazakh language from the words root and stem.
Comparing the effectiveness of mindfulness parenting training and compassion-based parenting on the affective control of mothers with children with learning disorder
Authors:   PhD student, Departmen of educational psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Yazdanpour Mahla , Sepahmansour Mojgan ,   Professor, Department of Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Hassanzadeh Ramazan ,   Professor, Department of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The hard trainability of children with learning disorders has caused unpleasant emotional experiences to be one of the problems of the mothers of these children in interacting with them.
Aim: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness parenting training and compassion-based parenting on the affective control of mothers with children with learning disabilities.
Method: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research included the mothers of children with learning disorders in Gorgan city in 2022-2023 who had been referred to two government learning disorders centers (Shekofe and Dana in Gorgan city). 75 mothers were convenience Sampling selected and randomly divided into three groups (25 people in each group). The research tool included the Affective control scale of Williams et al. (1997). The experimental groups received the intervention in 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. A mixed variance analysis was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that the group of mindfulness parenting training and compassion-based parenting had a significant effect on affective control (P<0.001) and the effectiveness of compassion-based parenting was higher (P<0.05). The results of the test stages also showed that the post-test and follow-up compared to the pre-test showed a significant and stable decrease (P<0.001), but the follow-up stage had a significant increase compared to the post-test (P=0.01).
Conclusion: The results showed that compassion-based parenting is more effective in improving the emotional control of mothers with children with learning disabilities
Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment based therapy on health anxiety in nurses
Authors:   Ph.D. student of Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Ashoori Naghmeh , Rafiepoor Amin ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran, Sabet Mehrdad ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Rudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rudehen, Iran.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Although some researches indicate that cognitive-behavioral therapy is more effective than other treatments, but the need to compare cognitive-behavioral therapy with an approach such as acceptance and commitment-based therapy can be seen in reducing health anxiety.
Aim: The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy on health anxiety in nurses.
Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test-follow-up design and a control group. The statistical population of this study included all the nurses of Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital in Tehran in the spring of 2023, and 45 of them were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned to 2 intervention and one control group. The research tools included a demographic questionnaire and a "Health Anxiety Inventory". After conducting 8 sessions of "cognitive-behavioral therapy" and 8 sessions of "acceptance and commitment-based therapy" for the intervention groups, the data were analyzed in SPSS software version 24.
Results: "Cognitive behavioral therapy" and "acceptance and commitment-based therapy" were effective on health anxiety in the intervention groups (P=0.001). The mean difference in health anxiety in "cognitive-behavioral therapy" groups, "acceptance and commitment-based therapy" and control groups (P<0.01) as well as "cognitive-behavioral therapy" and "acceptance and commitment based therapy" groups (P<0.05) was significant.
Conclusion: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy are effective in improving nurses' health anxiety but cognitive-behavioral therapy is more effective. It is suggested that health officials and professionals hold empowerment courses with a cognitive-behavioral approach or acceptance and commitment-based therapy.
Comparison of the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and emotion regulation based on the Gross model on impulsivity and desire in substance abuse men treated with methadone in Ilam city
Authors:   PhD student Corresponding author: Ph.D. student of general psychology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran, Alizadeh Elham , Mami Shahram ,   Assistant Professor Department of Psychology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran, Mohamadin Fatolah ,   Assistant Professor Department of Psychology, Ilam Branch, University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Today, substance abuse and its consequences are considered one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Studying and investigating the effectiveness of Wells' metacognitive therapy and emotion regulation based on the Gross model in reducing impulsivity, sensation seeking, dysfunctional thoughts and attitudes related to substances, and increasing social and emotional adjustment play an important role in the lives of addicted individuals and can also be a basis for reducing the consequences of this issue.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and emotion regulation on impulsivity and excitement among substance abusers treated with methadone in Ilam city.
Method: The present research is a semi-experimental type of pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The study population was all addicts under treatment with methadone who referred to addiction treatment clinics in Ilam city, and among this population, the volume The sample numbered 60 people and were selected by purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into three groups of 20 people (two experimental groups and one control group). To collect data, the tools of Barrett Impulsivity Questionnaire (2016) and scale were used. Zuckerman's (2014) excitement was used. The first experimental group received Wells metacognitive therapy interventions in 8 90-minute sessions and the second experimental group received Grass-based emotion regulation in 8 120-minute sessions as a group, weekly and individually. The research data were analyzed using covariance analysis.
Findings: The findings indicated that Wells' metacognitive therapy and emotion regulation training were both effective in reducing impulsivity and sensation seeking in men with substance abuse under methadone treatment.
Conclusion: The results of the research showed that both therapeutic interventions were effective in reducing the mentioned variables.
Comparing the effectiveness of couple therapy based on self-discipline and acceptance and commitment on Fahmi's perspective in married women referring to counseling centers
Authors:   PhD Student, Dept of psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran., Tavakoli Mohammad reza , Amini Nasser ,   Assistant Prof, Dept of psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran, Keykhosrovani Moloud ,   Assistant Prof, Dept of psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
Published: January 2025

Introduction: understanding perspective is an active cognitive process in which people must overcome their self-centered perspective.
Aim: The aim of this study was to conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of couples therapy based on self-discipline and acceptance and commitment on the husband's understanding point of view in married women.
Method: The present study is a semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group. All married women referring to counseling and psychotherapy centers in Bushehr in 2018-2019 formed the statistical population of the study, which was selected by purposeful sampling of 60 people and randomly assigned to three equal groups.Therapeutic interventions were applied during 8 sessions (1 session of 90 minutes per week) for each experimental group, but the control group did not receive any intervention. To collect the data, Long's wife's understanding perspective scale (1990) was used. For data analysis, spss software version 26 and mixed variance analysis method were used.
Results: The results showed that both treatments based on self-discipline and acceptance and commitment were effective in increasing understanding in married women (P<0.01) and the effectiveness of two methods of couple therapy based on self-discipline and couple There was no significant difference between treatment based on acceptance and commitment on Fahmi's perspective in married women (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Couples therapy interventions based on self-discipline, acceptance and commitment can be available to family counselors as affordable and easy intervention programs with the aim of increasing understanding and the quality of marital relationship
Comparison of effectiveness of Neurofeedback Training and Transcranial Direct Stimulation with balance Training on the balance of MS patients
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Movement Behavior and Sports Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran ,, Mojarrad Azar Gharabagi Javad , Dehghanizadeh Jalal ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Movement Behavior and Sports Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, Behzadnia Behzad ,   Assistant Professor, Motor Behavior Department, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran, Modaresi Fershteh ,   Bachelor of Occupational Therapy, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a disease that causes breakdown of the protective covering of nerves. Also can cause numbness, weakness, trouble walking, vision changes and other symptoms.
Aim: The present study aimed to comparision of the comparison of effectiveness of neurofeedback training and transcranial direct stimulation with balance training on the balance of MS patients.
Method: The research design was Qousi-experimental with pre-test, post-test with two groups. The statistical population included patients with MS in Urmia in 1402. 34 patients were purposefully selected and evaluated after transcranial brain stimulation for eight 20-minute sessions and Hammond neurofeedback exercises for 8 30-minute sessions along with Frankel exercises with Berg balance scale and sitting and Timed up and go test(TUG). To analyze the data, the method of analysis of covariance with spss-26 software was used.
Results: The result shows that there neurofeedback and transcranial electrical stimulation have an effect on static and dynamic balance and improve balance among patients with MS(p<0/05) and these two treatment methods have a significant difference in improving static and dynamic balance(p≤0.05). the performance of the neurofeedback group was better than the transcranial stimulation group.
Conclusion: Considering the greater effect of neurofeedback exercises along with Frankel exercises on the static and dynamic balance of patients with MS, it can be said that performing neurofeedback exercises along with balance exercises can be a more effective strategy for improving static and dynamic balance.
The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Self-Compassion and Distress Tolerance in Women with Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors:   MA Graduate of Clinical Psychology Islamic Azad University, Aytollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran, Vahedi Roghayeh , Mahdinya Samereh ,   MA Graduate of Clinical Psychology Islamic Azad University, Aytollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran, otaghsara Arsalan Khanmmohammadi ,   Assistant Professor Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common causes of death among non-communicable diseases.
Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance and compassion in women with cardiovascular problems.
Method: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of female patients suffering from cardiovascular problems referred to the heart department of Imam Reza (AS) Amol Hospital in 1401-1402, 30 of whom were selected by available sampling method and divided into two treatment groups: acceptance and commitment (15 people) and control group (15). people) were placed. To collect data, Simon and Gaher (2005) distress tolerance scale and Neff (2003) compassion scale were used. The training group received Hayes et al.'s (2011) acceptance and commitment therapy for 8 sessions of 45 minutes. The data was analyzed using covariance analysis method with spss software version 22.
Findings: The results of covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the scores of the control and experimental groups (P=0.001). So that the treatment of acceptance and commitment led to an increase in distress tolerance and compassion in women with cardiovascular problems (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, acceptance and commitment therapy was a suitable method to improve distress tolerance and compassion-exercise in women with cardiovascular problems. Due to the effectiveness of this method, it is suggested to be used along with other treatment methods to improve these variables in these women.
Comparison of Processing Speed, Selective Attention, Planning, and Alexithymia between Children of Divorce and Normal Children
Authors:   Counseling Department, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran, Abdoli Maryam , Mobaraki Amirhossein ,   Master's student in Personality Psychology Islamic Azad University, Electronic Branch, Tehran, Iran, Mohammadi Hadi ,   Master's in General Psychology Islamic Azad University, Badroud Branch, Isfahan, Iran, Rostami Masoud ,   Assistant professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Divorce and its unfavorable behavioral consequences have numerous undesirable effects on children. For this reason, investigating the psychological factors affecting these consequences is of great importance.
Aim: The present research was conducted aiming to compare processing speed, selective attention, planning, and alexithymia between children of divorce and normal children.
Method: The current research was a descriptive and causal-comparative study. The statistical population consisted of all 8-12-year-old female and male students in the 14th and 15th districts of the city of Tehran in the academic year of 2023-2024. Of this population, 80 people were selected as children of divorce and 80 people as normal children by the convenience method and purposefully. Connors’ Neuropsychology Inventory (2004) and Bagby et al.’s (1994) Alexithymia Scale were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test by SPSS version 24 software.
Results: According to the t-test results, all research variables, including processing speed, selective attention, planning, and alexithymia, were significantly different in the two groups of children of divorce and normal children (P<0.05). Accordingly, in the variables of processing speed, selective attention, and planning, the mean score of normal children was higher than that of children of divorce, but in the components of alexithymia, including difficulty in identifying emotions, difficulty in describing emotions, and objective thinking, the mean score of children of divorce was higher than that of normal children.
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that parents’ divorce is considered a factor for the occurrence of problems in children’s processing speed, selective attention, planning, and alexithymia, so paying attention to children of divorce is of great importance.
Juvenile delinquency in the 1960s and the activities of the militia to prevent it
Authors: Grechenko V. A.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the dynamics of juvenile delinquency in the 1960s and the main measures taken by the militia to counteract delinquency of children and adolescents. The state of juvenile delinquency in this period, which tended to increase, is characterised. The main forms and methods used by the militia to counteract this phenomenon are revealed. For this purpose, militia children’s rooms were organised, and public activists were involved in working with “difficult” adolescents. Their activities were based on preventive measures to prevent child neglect and work directly with children and adolescents detained for various offences. Responsibility for organising the fight against child neglect and juvenile delinquency was vested directly in the heads of city, district and line militia bodiesThis meant that this issue was given considerable importance. At the same time, militia children's rooms were directly subordinated to the criminal investigation units. This was due to the growth of juvenile delinquency and the need to counteract it more actively. The intensification of the activities of commissions on juvenile affairs, as stated in the policy documents of the authorities of the time, was also supposed to contribute to this work. Inspectors of the children’s room of the militia were obliged to organise and carry out preventive measures to prevent child neglect, juvenile delinquency and violations of the rules of conduct on the streets and in public places in order to prevent accidents with children, victims of road accidents, fires from fire pranks, crimes and anti-social behaviour by children and adolescents themselves in the territory served. The presence of a large number of crimes committed by juveniles indicated significant shortcomings in the militia's activities in this area, but the objective root cause of such phenomena was the social conditions of life in the USSR.
The place of the State Bureau of Investigation in the system of state law enforcement agencies of Ukraine
Authors: Makarenko M. M.
Published: January 2025

The article describes the place of the State Bureau of Investigation in the system of state bodies of Ukraine, in particular, the content of the categories “state bodies” and “public authorities” is defined, the system of state bodies is outlined, and the specifics of law enforcement agencies are clarified. It is noted that state bodies (public authorities) are characterised by their own specific features, among which the following are distinguished: a set of state bodies form the apparatus of the State, and therefore each of them is one of the elements of the integral system of the State apparatus; they are created and operate on the basis of relevant regulations, in the person of one person (citizen) or a group of citizens; each structural unit (state body) is endowed with unique powers of state power; they are created with the aim of performing tasks and It is also emphasised that the State Bureau of Investigation is a law enforcement agency.
Therefore, the place of the State Bureau of Investigation in the system of state bodies is determined by its legal status as a central executive body, as evidenced by the specifics of its activities, since it was established for the special purpose of preventing and combating crimes committed by special categories of subjects, as well as war crimes, which is consistent with the law enforcement function of the state and has nothing to do with either legislative or judicial activities; as a law enforcement agency in view of the fact that its main and, in fact, the only task is to counteract criminal offences within its competence; as a state body with a special status, as evidenced by its tasks, powers and the fact that it carries out its activities independently and independently of other executive authorities in the organisational and functional aspect.
ПОБУДОВА ШКАЛИ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МАЛОГО ТА СЕРЕДНЬОГО БІЗНЕСУ В УМОВАХ КРИЗИ
Authors: Миколенко Олена
Published: January 2025

Дослідження присвячено побудові шкали вимірювання ефективності діяльності малого та середнього бізнесу в умовах кризи. Для досягнення мети нами було проаналізовано концепції стійкості бізнесу, який стикається з низкою обтяжливих обставин в умовах кризи. Крім того, здійснений комплексний огляд літератури щодо вимірювання ефективності бізнесу, валідності та надійності шкал при побудові емпіричних моделей. Зроблено висновки, що індикатори ефективності поділяють на фінансові та нефінансові. Останні наукові розробки присвячені визначенню сталої ефективності та побудові відповідних шкал вимірювання. Разом з тим, проведений нами аналіз вимірювання ефективності діяльності малого та середнього бізнесу (МСБ) в Україні продемонстрував, що не всі запропоновані шкали нефінансової ефективності є надійними та валідними для подальшого використання. Тому перспективним є розробка такої шкали для побудови емпіричної моделі стійкості українського МСБ.
ІНФОРМАТИВНІСТЬ БУХГАЛТЕРСЬКОГО БАЛАНСУ: АНАЛІЗ СТРУКТУРИ ТА ФУНКЦІЙ
Authors: Лега Ольга , Єрмолаєва Марина , Тютюнник Світлана
Published: January 2025

Бухгалтерський баланс відіграє центральну роль у системі фінансової звітності підприємства, слугуючи інструментом для узагальнення фінансового стану суб’єкта господарювання на певну дату. Основну увагу приділено аналізу структури балансу, його функцій та характеристик, а також його ролі у задоволенні інформаційних потреб внутрішніх і зовнішніх користувачів. Досліджено історичну еволюцію концепції балансу, що включає перехід від контролю точності записів до сучасного розуміння балансу як інструменту аналітичної оцінки активів, зобов’язань і капіталу. Окрему увагу приділено аналізу структури балансу підприємств в Україні за 2021–2024 роки, включаючи підприємства галузі сільського господарства. У роботі підкреслено значення фінансової звітності як джерела інформації для прийняття економічних рішень. Визначено, що форма балансу має відповідати потребам аналізу, що сприяє підвищенню інформативності й достовірності фінансових даних. Запропоновано рекомендації щодо удосконалення складання та використання балансу для забезпечення ефективного управління і аналізу фінансової діяльності підприємства.
ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ОСВІТИ: ОБ’ЄДНАННЯ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ ЯК КЛАСТЕРНИЙ ПІДХІД
Authors: БАЖАН Сергій
Published: January 2025

Мета статті – аналіз правового забезпечення процесу реформування вищої освіти в Україні шляхом об’єднання університетів та можливості створення в цих умовах технічних освітньо-наукових кластерів. Методологія. У процесі дослідження були використані наступні методологічні підходи: документальний аналіз, системний аналіз, порівняльний аналіз, логічний аналіз. Ми проаналізували широкий спектр нормативно-правових актів, що регулюють освітню сферу в Україні, зокрема закони, укази Президента, постанови Кабінету Міністрів тощо. Застосували системний підхід для аналізу взаємозв'язків між різними елементами освітньої системи та їх впливу на процес реформування, провели порівняння українського досвіду з досвідом інших країн та використали логічні методи для аналізу правових норм та їх впливу на суспільні відносини в цій галузі. Наукова новизна. Проведений аналіз правового забезпечення реформи вищої освіти в Україні демонструє, що для успішної модернізації освіти недостатньо лише структурних змін. Дослідження підкреслює критичну роль правового забезпечення процесів об’єднання університетів та створення технічних освітньо-наукових кластерів. Виявлено, що існуюче законодавство потребує доопрацювання для забезпечення ефективної комерціалізації наукових розробок та захисту інтелектуальної власності. Порівняння з досвідом інших країн свідчить про необхідність подальшої гармонізації українського законодавства з європейськими стандартами. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані для розробки державної політики, спрямованої на створення сприятливого правового середовища для розвитку інновацій в освіті, а також для розробки практичних рекомендацій для закладів вищої освіти щодо адаптації до нових умов функціонування. Висновки. Наше дослідження показало, що для успішної модернізації освіти недостатньо лише структурних реформ. Необхідно значно покращити матеріально-технічне оснащення навчальних закладів. Широке запровадження грантових програм може стати ефективним інструментом для досягнення цієї мети. Крім того, важливо інвестувати в підвищення кваліфікації викладачів та стимулювати співпрацю з бізнесом. Комплексний підхід, що поєднує грантове фінансування з іншими механізмами підтримки, дозволить створити сучасну та ефективну систему освіти.
КРИТЕРІЇ СПРАВЕДЛИВОГО СУДУ В СФЕРІ СПОРТУ
Authors: Лукаш Т. В. , Дудін Т. М.
Published: January 2025

Статтю присвячено дослідженню критеріїв справедливого суду у сфері спорту з урахуванням положень Конвенції про захист прав людини та основоположних свобод, а також специфіки функціонування спортивного арбітражу. У роботі проаналізовано основні критерії справедливого суду, такі як незалежність та безсторонність суду, гласність процесу, право на доступ до правосуддя, дотримання принципу рівності сторін та розумні строки розгляду справи. Автор досліджує, як ці критерії впроваджуються у спортивних спорах, зокрема в контексті діяльності Спортивного арбітражного суду (далі – CAS), та вказує на їх специфіку у порівнянні з традиційними судовими процесами. Особливу увагу приділено проблемам забезпечення прозорості судового процесу в спортивному арбітражі та викликам, пов’язаним із забезпеченням рівноправності сторін під час розгляду спорів. Проаналізовано договірні форми вирішення спорів, які використовуються в спортивній сфері, та їх відповідність європейським стандартам справедливого суду. Розглянуто питання правової природи та юрисдикції CAS, його роль у вирішенні спорів на міжнародному рівні. Наведено приклади застосування прецедентної практики у вирішенні спортивних спорів та їх вплив на формування критеріїв справедливості у цій сфері. Автор наголошує на важливості дотримання балансу між автономією спортивних організацій і правовими гарантіями учасників спорту, а також необхідності гармонізації національного законодавства із міжнародними стандартами. Зроблено висновок про необхідність удосконалення механізмів вирішення спортивних спорів на основі чітких критеріїв справедливого судочинства, що враховують специфіку спортивної сфери та забезпечують дотримання прав усіх учасників.
СПОРТИВНЕ ПРАВО ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ ПОЛІТОЛОГІЧНО-СОЦІОЛОГІЧНОГО ПРАВОРОЗУМІННЯ В УМОВАХ ГІБРИДНОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Харитонов Є. О. , Харитонова О. І.
Published: January 2025

Актуальність проблеми сутності спортивного права зумовлена глобальними викликами сучасності, серед яких пандемія COVID-19 та масштабна гібридна війна займають особливе місце. Пандемія спричинила значні тимчасові обмеження у спортивній діяльності, пов’язані з карантинними заходами, локдаунами та вакцинацією. Натомість наслідки гібридної війни є більш комплексними та глибокими, адже вони впливають не лише на спорт, але й на договірну, торговельну, дипломатичну та інші сфери. Для спортивного права це означає необхідність не лише реагувати на ці виклики, але й переосмислювати традиційні підходи. Особливо актуальним стає відхід від позитивістського розуміння права, яке не завжди може ефективно адаптуватися до сучасних умов. Метою статті є дослідження сутності спортивного права через переосмислення базового поняття «право» та врахування впливу надзвичайних ситуацій на регулювання спортивних відносин. Методологічною основою виступає синкретичний підхід, що об’єднує політологічні та соціологічні методи, які дозволяють оцінити нові умови правового регулювання. Аналіз проблеми засвідчує, що питання визначення сутності, предмета, методу регулювання та місця спортивного права в системі права залишаються предметом наукових дискусій. Важливим аспектом є також дослідження специфіки кіберспорту, який стає невід’ємною складовою спортивного права. Деякі науковці розглядають спортивне право як сукупність норм, але визнають необхідність поглибленого аналізу системи права, відкладаючи вирішення цих проблем на майбутнє. Стаття пропонує інноваційний підхід до розуміння спортивного права, що виходить за межі його традиційного сприйняття як набору юридичних норм. Автори акцентують увагу на динамічному характері сучасного правового регулювання у сфері спорту, яке формується під впливом глобальних викликів. Врахування впливу пандемій, воєн та інших надзвичайних ситуацій стає невід’ємним елементом розвитку спортивного права, що вимагає переосмислення його сутності, місця та ролі у сучасній правовій системі.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BUDAYA LITERASI DI KALANGAN SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN MAMBAUL ULUM BATA-BATA
Authors: Karim Ahmad Fauzun , Rofiqi Ahmad , Bahri Syaiful
Published: January 2025

Literasi menempati peran yang amat sangat krusial dalam kegiatan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Menumbuhkembangkan budaya  literasi adalah hal mutlak yang  harus selalu digerakkan. Pondok pesantren sebagai salah satu lembaga pendidikan tertua di Indonesia memiliki peran penting dalam pembentukan karakter dan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan di kalangan santri. diera modern ini, tantangan literasi di kalangan santri menghadapi permasalahan serius. Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) di Pondok Pesantren Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan minat baca dan menulis melalui serangkaian kegiatan edukatif yang dirancang secara khusus. Metode yang digunakan dalam program ini melibatkan partisipasi aktif santri melalui kegiatan berbasis interaksi langsung dan pemberian insentif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, survei, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari program ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam jumlah kunjungan ke perpustakaan, partisipasi dalam kegiatan literasi, serta peningkatan pemahaman santri tentang pentingnya literasi. Misalnya, jumlah kunjungan mingguan ke perpustakaan meningkat dari 50 menjadi 120 kunjungan, dan 85% santri mengaku lebih memahami manfaat literasi dalam kehidupan mereka.  Program ini berhasil mencapai tujuan utamanya, yaitu menumbuhkan minat baca dan tulis di kalangan santri.
Ciudades americanas y europeas transformadas por una visión literaria.
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Rodríguez Jiménez Antonio
Published: January 2025

La memoria de los poetas contiene una visión más lírica que histórica sobre las ciudades y esto permitirá sostener diferentes miradas sobre lugares emblemáticos del mundo en un entorno evolutivo: desde su esplendor hasta su destrucción, descubrimiento de sus restos y recuperación. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es observar la metamorfosis a la que someten los poetas con sus miradas el entorno urbano y lo transforman. Cada contemplación poética añadió un nuevo valor diferente incluso a las mismas urbes. La visión del pasado y la del presente son tan diferentes no por las transformaciones urbanas a las que se sometieron sino por la manera que las veían los creadores. Hasta el punto de que una urbe emblemática, que estuvo inmersa en su ruina permanente durante siglos, también se transformó gracias a esa mirada mágica y deslumbrante, que culminó en una reflexión de creadores contemporáneos, que, entre unos y otros, ofrecen ciudades diferentes, según el estado de ánimo de cada mirada creativa. Entre otras, se aborda Medina Azahara, ciudad palatina del siglo X, erigida durante el califato de Abderramán III, en pleno esplendor de los Omeyas. También se afrontan las visiones líricas de ciudades como Córdoba, París, Roma, Florencia, Venecia, Praga, Nueva York, Madrid, Granada, Lisboa, La Habana, o México, entre otras. En definitiva, se muestra cómo a través de esas miradas privilegiadas, que resplandecen el pasado, se pueden conservar en el presente y dinamizarlas para el imaginario futuro.