bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of a dual-locus metabarcoding approach for a more comprehensive account of cattle dietary items in a semi-arid African savanna with special reference to forbs
Authors: Botha Danielle , Barnard Sandra , Du Plessis Morné , Allam Mushal , Behn Kai , Ismail Arshad , Linstädter Anja , Mokoka Malesela Vincent , Mnisi Zamantungwa Thobeka Happiness , Siebert Frances
Published: November 2024

Increasing livestock densities and more severe drought events challenge sustainable management in South Africa’s semi-arid savannas. Effective mitigation strategies require accurate assessments of livestock foraging behaviour. By utilising high-throughput sequencing technology, this study evaluated the use of a dual-locus metabarcoding approach (trnL and rbcL) together with study-area-specific reference libraries, to analyse cattle diets in two bioregions of the eastern semi-arid South African savanna. Both markers demonstrated the ability to identify various plant families, but trnL exhibited a higher diversity in terms of family and genus identification at both sampling sites. Forbs, although comprising a diverse component of savanna plant communities, have relatively small above-ground biomass, but can still serve as crucial forage items, especially during dry periods. Our study underscores the significant role of forbs in cattle diets, demonstrating a shift in cattle foraging preferences from grass-based diets to higher inclusions of forbs and woody taxa during the drier season. Although grasses, such as Setaria, were still prevalent, forbs, belonging to the genera Malvastrum, Asparagus, Pollichia and Ipomoea were also important food items for cattle as well as woody taxa belonging to Fabaceae, Combretaceae, Ebenaceae, and Malvaceae with a selection of food items from trees and shrubs from genera Albizia, Combretum, Euclea and Vachellia. Furthermore, our study highlights the value of a dual-locus metabarcoding approach for understanding herbivorous diets. Using trnL and rbcL markers, with study-area-specific reference libraries, improves taxonomic resolution for accurately reconstructing cattle diets in semi-arid savannas. This study may improve biodiversity estimates and inform sustainable rangeland management strategies in semi-arid African savanna ecosystems.
Two new species and one new record of the genus Torodora Meyrick (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae) from China
Authors: Yu Shuai , Liu Lin , Li Xueqing , Wang Shuxia
Published: November 2024

Two new species of the genus Torodora Meyrick, 1894 are described from China: T. lichisp. nov. and T. micisp. nov. Additionally, T. silvatica Park, 2007 is newly recorded for China. Images of the adults and their genitalia are provided.
Exploring the flexibility of $ m $-point quaternary approximating subdivision schemes with free parameter
Authors: Alhefthi Reem K. , Ashraf Pakeeza , Abid Ayesha , Rezapour Shahram , Ghaffar Abdul , Inc Mustafa
Published: November 2024

In this study, we proposed a family of $ m $-point quaternary approximating subdivision schemes, characterized by an explicit formula involving three parameters. One of these parameters served as a shape control parameter, allowing for flexible curve design, while the other two parameters identify different members of the family and determined the smoothness of the resulting limit curves. We conducted a thorough analysis of the proposed schemes, covering their smoothness properties, polynomial generation, and reproduction capabilities. Additionally, we examined the behavior of the Gibbs phenomenon within the family both theoretically and graphically, highlighting the advantages of the proposed schemes in eliminating undesirable oscillations. A comparative study with existing subdivision schemes demonstrated the effectiveness and versatility of our approach. The results indicated that the proposed family offered enhanced smoothness and control, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in computer graphics and geometric modeling.
Making the Vodun: The Concept of Assemblage, Beyond the Fetish and the God-Object
Authors: Brivio Alessandra
Published: November 2024

Through the analysis of two ethnographic cases, the aim
of this article is to discuss the role of matter in vodun practices in West Africa. The focus is on the
making of vodun through the manipulation and
assembly of matter. Taking seriously the words of people involved in
these practices, the article proposes to dissolve the dichotomies
between material and spiritual, visible and invisible, human and
non-human, bringing forward the notion of assemblage. Assemblage
indicates a hybrid formation that mixes humans and non-humans, and
ethnography seems to confirm the dialogic relationship between humans
and non-humans, where the former recognizes the power inherent in the
matter itself. In this way, humans lose some of their centrality, while
vodun gain more autonomy, and the
conceptualization of what a religious phenomenon is comes closer to the
practitioners’ point of view. The notion of assemblage partly overcomes
the problems that the category of fetishism had historically produced
and expands the idea of the god-object (dieu-objet) in the direction of greater symmetry
between the agents involved.
Les tirailleurs du Cameroun face à la politisation de l’espace colonial et à l’émergence du mouvement nationaliste (UPC), 1944-1960
Authors: Noumowe  Léonel Noubou
Published: November 2024

Au moment où se mettent en place les vagues de
démobilisation de tirailleurs partout dans l’Empire colonial, certains
territoires connaissent de profondes mutations sociales et politiques.
Au Cameroun, territoire soumis à l’effort de guerre depuis l’avènement
de la France libre en 1940, des émeutes urbaines éclatent dès 1945,
singulièrement dans la cité portuaire de Douala où, en plus des
revendications syndicales, des tirailleurs français et britanniques sont
démobilisés et stationnés. Confrontées à la crise des moyens de
transport et d’acheminement de tirailleurs dans leurs colonies
d’origine, les autorités coloniales sont sous la pression de
revendications de ces soldats, issus de deux armées coloniales et aux
conditions matérielles de démobilisation différente. Outre cette double
contrainte, la pression des mouvements syndicaux, qui voient le jour
avec la conférence de Brazzaville, aboutit à la structuration de l’Union
des populations du Cameroun (UPC) en 1948 : en ambitionnant de renverser
l’ordre colonial, ce mouvement nationaliste entend fédérer la colère des
tirailleurs démobilisés contre le pouvoir colonial qui, en retour, use
de tous les moyens pour fidéliser et tenir ces soldats à l’écart des
revendications nationalistes. Entre projet nationaliste et promesses du
pouvoir colonial, les tirailleurs du Cameroun adoptent un positionnement
pluriel, à mi-chemin entre leurs intérêts propres et leurs opinions
politiques, sous les regards d’une opinion publique coloniale de plus en
plus politisée.
Efficient Fake Logo Prediction Through Convolutional Neural Networks Over K-Nearest Neighbors
Authors: Pavan Balaji , Mondal Kalimuddin
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this work is to improve the Fake logo prediction Through CNN Over KNN. A novel method has been developed to detect fake logos using K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which were trained and tested with varying splits. The CNN model outperformed KNN in terms of accuracy and speed, owing to its ability to extract complex features from images. However, CNN models may require significant resources, especially for large datasets. To enhance the system's accuracy and efficiency, the CNN model can be optimized and combined with a KNN model. The system is designed to detect fake logos in real-time and adapt quickly to new logos with minimal training, offering an effective and efficient approach for identifying fraudulent logos. The Gpower test was used with a significance level of α=0.05 and power of 0.85, resulting in an accuracy rate of approximately 85%.
Comparing the Accuracy of Pattern Matching With Digital Signature for Secure Cloud Computing
Authors: Rajaram Gnanajeyaraman
Published: November 2024

To compare the efficiency of pattern matching password method and digital signature method for secure cloud computing, and to propose an improved efficiency solution. To ensure data security, it is essential to employ suitable methods such as the Novel Pattern Matching Password algorithm and Digital Signature methods, which offer varying levels of security. Data security involves protecting data from unauthorized access, use, modification, intrusion, change, examination, recording, or destruction. Cloud computing is an Internet-based computing model that provides shared computing resources and data to computers and other devices as required. In this study, the pre-test power value was determined using G Power 3.1 software, with a set of statistical parameters, including α=0.05, power=0.80 10 iterations for each group, and difference between two independent means. Technical Analysis software was utilized to implement and compare the two algorithms, PMP and DS.
Emergent or Planned?
Authors: Sgobbi Francesca
Published: November 2024

The employability of graduates has become a key issue for higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide. Students, families, businesses, and institutions are increasingly focused on the career prospects of young graduates, as employability reflects educational quality and influences rankings and funding. Developing effective employability strategies is crucial for HEIs to fulfil their educational mission and remain competitive. However, there is often confusion between employability and employment, and the global discourse on employability strategies is uneven, with most research concentrated in Anglo-Saxon countries and assuming an intentional approach to strategy planning. This research examines four case HEIs in Italy and Portugal, finding that employability strategies are emerging from a mix of top-down and bottom-up initiatives, heavily influenced by national norms and available resources. The study underscores the importance of managing the dynamic process of strategy formation, highlighting the emergent nature of employability strategies in higher education.
Nexus Between Experiential and Academic Learning for Employability Skills in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Wekullo Caroline Sabina , Ouda James Bill , Opiyo Rose Atione
Published: November 2024

A skilled workforce is crucial to countries' economic transformation. Higher education institutions have been under pressure to promote employability by ensuring learners acquire the 21st century skills needed to succeed in the real world. However, there are still gaps in balancing academic and experiential learning approaches. Using data from selected higher education institutions in Kenya, the chapter examines the perspectives of students and faculty on the nexus between experiential and academic learning for employability skills in higher education institutions. Specifically, the chapter seeks to determine whether the current curriculum incorporates experiential skills alongside academic learning and assess whether students are provided with opportunities to apply academic knowledge in real-world contexts through experiential learning. The findings have significant implications for policy makers, education officers, key stakeholders including trainers, employers and students in ensuring a match between experiential and academic training for employability skills
Advancements and Challenges of Problem-Based Learning
Authors: Eboi Anne Anjao , Obonyo Levi , Kowuor Rosemary Nyaole , Aswani Daniel Robert , Radoli Lydia Ouma
Published: November 2024

The global higher education landscape is fast evolving, demanding that universities equip students with critical knowledge and 21st-century skills. Daystar University (DU) 's switch from teacher-centered models to Problem-Based Learning (PBL) reflects this shift. PBL stresses critical thinking and real-world problem-solving, essential for today's interconnected world. The chapter examined the challenges and advancements of PBL implementation at DU using qualitative methods involving interviews with 30 selected informants and document analysis. Findings show that while PBL has been integrated across various programs, challenges like resistance to change, insufficient faculty training, and resource limitations persist. However, significant progress has been made, including adopting technology-enhanced tools, increased faculty collaboration, and a growing culture of innovation among students. The study recommends targeted faculty development, improved infrastructure, and stronger support systems to enhance PBL's effectiveness in fostering more profound learning experiences.
Leveraging Statistical Simulation for Enhancing Academic Rigor and Practical Skills
Authors: Monari Fred Nyamitago
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores how integrating statistical simulation in higher education enhances learning, highlighting benefits, challenges, and best practices. It starts with an overview of simulation techniques and their applications across disciplines. It then focuses on student-centered methods like problem-based and project-based learning, along with flipped classrooms, supported by successful case studies. Examples show how simulation-based courses boost engagement and outcomes. The chapter addresses challenges like technology needs, faculty training, and assessment, offering solutions. It concludes with strategies to overcome institutional resistance and financial constraints, showcasing the transformative potential of simulation-based learning.
Sustainability Competency Framework
Authors: Ngwa Peter , Xaverie Awono Mengada Gisèle
Published: November 2024

It has become increasingly important worldwide, especially in the context of higher education, to support these skills in order to prepare students for employment in the 21st-century labor market that is focused on sustainability and alternative industries.A conceptual framework that describes the sustainability competencies that should be emphasized in higher education curricula to provide graduates with employability skills. Findings demonstrated take into account the needs of the labor market
ANÁLISE in silico E AVALIAÇÃO in vitro DA ATIVIDADE DE FÁRMACOS ANTITUBERCULOSE COMBINADO COM ANÁLOGOS DE CURCUMINA EM Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Karla Pereira da Silva Giulienne , Alexandre de Oliveira Renata , Trevisolli Palomo Carolina , Eduardo Meneguello Jean , Hiroyuki Ito Juliano , Rizzieri Caleffi-Ferracioli Katiany , Bertin de Lima Scodro Regiane , Fressatti Cardoso Rosilene
Published: November 2024

A tuberculose (TB), doença infectocontagiosa causada pelo bacilo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), é uma das dez principais causas de mortes no mundo. A curcumina, presente na Curcuma longa, demonstra ter variadas bioatividades, entre elas atividade antimicobacteriana. No entanto, essa apresenta uma baixa biodisponibilidade oral, sendo pouco absorvida pelo intestino. Estudos com análogos estruturais, produzidos a partir de curcumina, foram realizados na tentativa de melhorar sua absorção bem como atividade anti-M. tuberculosis. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi realizar análise in silico com análogos de curcumina (dibenzalacetônico DB1, dibenzalacetônico DB2 e dibenzalacetônico DB3) e determinar a ação combinada com fármacos usados no tratamento da TB. Adicionalmente, ensaios in vitro para determinar sinergismo entre os fármacos anti-TB e derivados de curcumina foram realizados com cepa de referência M. tuberculosis H37Rv pelo método Resazurin Drugs Combination Microtiter Assay (REDCA). Os estudos in silico demonstraram que os análogos de curcumina não violam nenhuma das propriedades Lipinski e possuem boas propriedades farmacocinéticas que lhes permite serem bem absorvidos pelo trato gastrointestinal ou, no caso do DB1 e DB2, atravessarem a barreira hematoencefálica, além de serem não mutagênicos e não tumorigênicos. Sobre os efeitos combinatórios, os análogos de interesse foram combinados com rifampicina, isoniazida e etambutol. O análogo DB3 se destacou quando combinado com a rifampicina, apresentando efeito sinérgico (FICI 0,373) e efeito modulador sobre esse fármaco (FM 8), diferente dos análogos DB1 e DB2 que mostraram ter atividades indiferentes quando combinados com os fármacos anti-TB. Portanto, os análogos de curcumina demonstraram potencial terapêutico in silico não violando nenhuma das propriedades Lipinski e, análogo DB3, foi capaz de modular a ação da rifampicina, tendo efeito sinérgico e modulador sobre esse fármaco.
CONTAMINAÇÃO AMBIENTAL FÚNGICA EM AMBIENTE CRÍTICO HOSPITALAR - UM RISCO IMINENTE NA UTI NEONATAL E PEDIÁTRICA
Authors: De Souza Costa Polyana , Geovani França Luiz , Geovani França Luiz , Inez Estivalet Svidzinski Terezinha , Negri Melyssa
Published: November 2024

Nos últimos anos, a incidência de infecções fúngicas têm aumentado, principalmente em ambientes hospitalares, onde os indivíduos estão mais debilitados e vulneráveis. Fato que garante maior relevância em ambientes críticos como as Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), sobretudo em público neonatal e infantil. A utilização de protocolos de monitoramento do ar ambiente são ferramentas extremamente úteis para mapear riscos e prever surtos de infecções fúngicas nesses ambientes. Este trabalho objetivou quantificar e identificar presuntivamente os fungos presentes no ar ambiente da UTI neonatal e pediátrica de um hospital filantrópico da região de Maringá. A metodologia aplicada foi a sedimentação passiva do ar sob placas de Petri com Ágar Sabouraud Dextrose posicionadas destampadas durante 15 minutos em locais específicos da UTI, foram realizadas 4 coletas em dois dias independentes. No total das coletas, 53 unidades formadoras de colônia foram encontradas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a presença de células fúngicas e evidenciam que o mecanismo de ventilação forçada é uma importante ferramenta contra a disseminação de fungos anemófilos. Além disso, fungos integrantes do microbioma humano também foram encontrados, mostrando que os protocolos de desinfecção das mãos de profissionais e visitantes devem ser reforçados, visando diminuir a contaminação cruzada.
MORTALIDADE POR SEPTICEMIA BACTERIANA NEONATAL NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ: ESTUDO ECOLÓGICO
Authors: de Souza Luiz Laura , Martire Mori Mariana , Moraes Garollo Piran Camila , Pereira dos Santos Fernanda , Demitto Furtado Marcela , Harumi Higarashi Ieda , Harumi Higarashi Ieda
Published: November 2024

A partir da recorrente manifestação da septicemia bacteriana em neonatos, o estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de analisar a série temporal por septicemia bacteriana neonatal no estado do Paraná entre os anos de 2012 a 2022. Estudo ecológico com dados disponíveis no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Foram incluídos todos os indivíduos com até 27 dias de vida diagnosticados com septicemia bacteriana. As variáveis idade, macrorregional de saúde, sexo e ano do óbito, foram escolhidas para o levantamento dos dados. As taxas de mortalidade foram calculadas por meio da razão entre número de óbitos neonatais por septicemia bacteriana e o número de nascidos vivos do mesmo período, multiplicado por mil. Foram analisados 705 óbitos, com taxas de 0,53 óbitos/mil nascidos vivos em 2012 e 0,43 em 2022.O período neonatal tardio é responsável pela maior parte dos óbitos neonatais por sepse (54,2%). Encontrou-se também que a região leste (49,8%) do Paraná apresenta mais casos de óbitos e que esses foram mais presentes no sexo masculino (57%). Os achados revelam que as taxas de mortalidade neonatal por septicemia continuam elevadas, demonstrando a necessidade de otimização das medidas para prevenção deste agravo.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA MORTALIDADE PREMATURA POR CÂNCER DE PULMÃO NA REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Massago Miyoko , Kaori Uguma Mizuta Júlia , Massago Mamoru , Lopes Giacomin Vinícius , Arruda Beltrame Matheus Henrique , Tavares Gurgel Sanderland José , Marques Dias Vlaudimir , De Andrade Luciano
Published: November 2024

Apesar de ser uma doença prevenível com medidas de como evitar o tabagismo e a detecção precoce, o câncer de pulmão (CP) é considerado o tipo de câncer mais letal do mundo, com 1.817.469 óbitos em 2022. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a distribuição espacial da mortalidade prematura por CP na região sul do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico e descritivo baseado no número de óbitos por CP em indivíduos de 30 a 69 anos residentes na região sul do Brasil entre 2017 e 2021 e população idade-ajustada, divididos em faixas etárias (30 a 39 anos, 40 a 49 anos, 50 a 59 anos e 60 a 69 anos). De posse destes dados, foram calculadas taxas brutas médias por 100.000 habitantes, as quais foram suavizadas pela matriz de vizinhança do tipo “Rainha” para o cálculo dos Índices de Autocorrelação Global e visualização de padrões específicos. Entre 2017 e 2021 foram notificados no sul do Brasil, 17.515 óbitos por câncer de pulmão, sendo 207, 1.074, 5.226 e 11.008 para as faixas etárias de 30 a 39 anos, 40 a 49 anos, 50 a 59 anos e 60 a 69 anos, respectivamente A análise espaço-temporal demonstrou correlação positiva para todas as faixas etárias (0,561; 0,599; 0,729 e 0,764 respectivamente), com o aumento e homogeneidade dos conglomerados, os quais eram dispersos na faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos, mas dos 60 a 69 anos formaram conglomerado alto-alto na região sul e baixo-baixo no norte. Conclui-se que com o avançar da idade, há um aumento no número de óbitos por câncer de pulmão no Sul do Brasil e sua distribuição espacial se torna mais homogênea, com formação de grandes conglomerados alto-alto na região sul e baixo-baixo no Norte.
INCIDÊNCIA E MORTALIDADE DE MULHERES COM CÂNCER DE MAMA: COMPARAÇÃO DOS DADOS ENTRE O AFEGANISTÃO E O BRASIL
Authors: Darman Amanullah , Darman Fatima , Medeiros Gurgel Ana Cristina , Castilho Pelloso Fernando , Brandao Felipe , Pujlas Constanza , De Barros Carvalho Maria Dalva , Bocchi Pedroso Raíssa , Marisa Pelloso Sandra
Published: November 2024

Em 2022, 2,3 milhões de mulheres foram diagnosticadas com câncer de mama e 670.000 morreram por esta doença. No Brasil, é a segunda causa de morte e no Afeganistão é a primeira causa segundo a OMS. Objetivamos comparar a incidência e mortalidade do câncer de mama em dois países com diferenças culturais. Este é um estudo descritivo, com dados referentes à mortalidade por câncer de mama ocorridos no Brasil e no Afeganistão. Os dados de óbitos são referentes ao período de 2020 e 2022 e foram obtidos no (WHO Mortality Database, IARC, Global Cancer Observatory). Nossos resultados mostram que no Brasil as taxas são bem superiores às do Afeganistão tanto na incidência como na mortalidade. Segundo esta agência, as mortes por câncer de mama incidem de forma desigual as mulheres de baixa e média renda e as taxas de sobrevivência de 5 anos para câncer de mama em países de alta renda ultrapassam os 90%. Concluímos portanto que ao comparar as taxas nestes dois países é possível observar as diferenças que podem estar associadas ao acesso ao serviço de saúde, forma de rastreamento e detecção precoce. As culturas diferentes e o sistema de saúde são fatores que acabam influenciando nas estatísticas vitais.
PREDIÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE ANTIMICOBACTERIANA DE UM DERIVADO 3,5- DINITROBENZOILHIDRAZONA POR MODELO IN SILICO
Authors: L. Bonone Gabriella , Froes da Motta Dacome Maria Luiza , Meneguello Jean Eduardo , Bertin de Lima Scodro Regiane , Rizzieri Caleffi Ferracioli Katiany , Fressatti Cardoso Rosilene
Published: November 2024

O Mycobacterium tuberculosis é o agente causador da tuberculose (TB), uma doença  infecciosa que atinge principalmente os pulmões, podendo se disseminar para outros  órgãos. A transmissão ocorre por via aérea, e o tratamento é complexo, especialmente  devido à resistência a múltiplos fármacos utilizados, que o torna mais oneroso ao  paciente e sistemas de saúde. Nos últimos 20 anos, o grupo de pesquisa do  Laboratório de Micobactérias da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, tem explorado  substâncias com atividade antimicobacteriana, incluindo o derivado 3,5- dinitrobenzoilhidrazona, hit-17. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o  potencial antimicobacteriano e antituberculose do hit-17 in silico e in vitro. Utilizando  a plataforma Way2Drug, os dados in silico mostraram que o hit-17 possui potencial  antituberculoso e antimicobacteriano de 48,7% e 43,4%, respectivamente. In vitro, as  cepas Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 e Mycobacterium smegmatis mc²155 foram utilizadas para determinar a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e a  Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM). Para o M. smegmatis, o CBM foi equivalente  à CIM (16μg/mL), sugerindo que a concentração necessária para inibir o crescimento  bacteriano é também suficiente para induzir a morte bacteriana em 99.9%. Os  resultados indicam que o hit-17 demonstrou atividade bactericida em baixas  concentrações contra Mycobacterium tuberculosis e Mycobacterium smegmatis,  apontando para o potencial do composto como um candidato promissor no  desenvolvimento de novos agentes terapêuticos para o tratamento da tuberculose e  de infecções causadas por MNTs.
Self-inflicted penile amputation – management a century ago and now
Authors: Indrajith D. S. , De Silva W. S. L. , Vidanapathirana S. , Ambegoda A. M. L. C. , Abeygunasekera A. M.
Published: November 2024

Self-inflicted penile amputation is a rare phenomenon. We report a man who attempted to cut his penis at the root as his severe colicky pain could not be controlled by the medications given to him. We compare the management of this patient with that of a similar case reported 90 years ago.
Complete ureteral replacement using an untapered isoperistaltic ileal loop: A solution for extensive ureteric stricture
Authors: Samarasinghe R. N. , Wijewardena M.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available
Granulomatous prostatitis: Clinicopathological overview and review of the literature
Authors: Gunawardene W. D. M. C. , Abeygunasekera A. M. , Sosai C. S. P.
Published: November 2024

Introduction and objectives: It is challenging to rule out granulomatous prostatitis (GP), an uncommon inflammatory condition of the prostate, from prostate cancer. This study aims to characterize the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation and available treatment options for patients who present with GP.Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive analysis of GP cases presented to a tertiary care urological referral center in Sri Lanka over a period of five years. Their demographic data, clinical presentation, examination findings, biochemical investigations, imaging and histopathological findings were collected from the patients’ records.Results: Nine pathologically confirmed GP cases were found among the 1568 prostate specimens examined. They had an age range of 43–75 years, with a median age of 59 years. The majority of patients presented with acute urinary retention and found hard nodular prostates in a digital rectal examination (DRE). Their prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level ranged from 0.2 - 77.1 ng/ml, with a mean value of 30.66 ng/ml. Biochemical and histological evaluation revealed non-specific GP (NSGP) in five patients, suppurative GP in two patients, tubercular GP in one patient, and allergic GP in one patient.Conclusions: GP is an uncommon condition in urological practice. Its presentation can mimic prostate cancer and is inevitably a diagnostic challenge for urologists, radiologists, and pathologists. Proper clinicopathological evaluation is the cornerstone of preventing overtreatment.
Spectrum of male lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction at a tertiary care urology clinic: A prospective study
Authors: Balagobi B. , Sarma S. T. , Sripandurangana S. , Gobishangar S. , Bavani S. , Jothini T. , Shathana P. , Thangarajah B. R. , Coonghe P. A. D. , Thanusan V.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) significantly impact men's quality of life, often due to benign prostatic occlusion. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is also linked to LUTS. Therefore, the study was aimed to assess the severity of LUTS associated with demographic and clinical factors and ED, which is potential for tailored care and public health strategies to alleviate the burden on male patients.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a urological clinic in Teaching Hospital, Jaffna, for one-year, after obtained ethical approval. It involved male married patients who completed questionnaires on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS), International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), excluding those with catheters other penile pathologies. The study gathered demographic and clinical data through LUTS questionnaire, assessed LUTS severity using the IPSS scale and also considered quality of life (QoL) in relation to urinary symptoms. The IIEF questionnaire addressed erectile dysfunction. Data accuracy was ensured through patient self-reports and investigator interviews. Statistical analyses employed SPSS and included descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation. Multiple linear regression to explore the relationship between independent and the dependent variables.Results: Among the 181 male participants, mean age and BMI were 66.5±8.6 years and 24.4 ± 4 kgm-2respectively. The majority exhibited moderate to severe LUTS, primarily attributed to Benign Prostatic Occlusion (BPO). Erectile Dysfunction (ED) was prevalent in 28.7% of LUTS patients.With increasing in age and severity of LUTS degree of ED was higher. Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between LUTS severity and ED,QoL before treatment, but not after. Multiple linear regression revealed that age, occupation, and BMI significantly influenced LUTS severity, with age showing a marginal negative association, while occupation and QoL had significant positive effects. The degree of ED was highly correlated with diabetes mellitus(DM), Ischaemic heart disease(IHD)and hypertension(HT).Conclusion: LUTS were common among men over 40. Benign Prostatic Occlusion (BPO) was a common cause, and nearly 29% of LUTS patients had Erectile Dysfunction (ED). Age, occupation, and Quality of Life (QoL) significantly influenced LUTS and ED severity. Severe LUTS associated with higher prevalence of ED. Severity of ED was associated with higher IPSS score and age. ED was highly correlated with Metabolic syndrome and severity of LUTS.
Perceptions of Emergency Management in Members of Reciprocal Organizations
Authors: Arduini Jaclyn B. , Volberding Jennifer L.
Published: November 2024

Context

Reciprocal agreements allow members of both the Board of Certification and the Canadian Athletic Therapy Association to practice after passing the certification exams. For both, there is an initial baseline level of emergency management (EM) knowledge. A high level of decay among skills and knowledge occurs when not used or reviewed.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to identify a definition of EM as well as themes relating to perspectives on EM maintenance requirements in athletic trainers and athletic therapists, as these appear to be absent from the current research base.

Design

Qualitative study.

Setting

Individual interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

A purposeful sampling method recruited 10 participants (5 from Canada and 5 from the United States; 4 men and 6 women; 4 academics and 6 clinicians; 2 to 35 years of experience) with content expertise in EM.

Data Collection and Analysis

The primary investigator conducted interviews, which were recorded, transcribed, and checked for accuracy. Interviews were evaluated through consensual qualitative analysis for themes, subthemes, and quotes. Triangulation occurred, and data saturation was reached by the tenth interview.

Results

Four main themes emerged: (1) a definition of EM, (2) EM as a foundational skill, (3) efforts to gain and maintain knowledge and skills, and (4) perceptions regarding requiring a higher-level certification. We have identified a thematic definition of EM and established EM as a foundational skill set. Participants emphasized practice for gaining and maintaining proficiencies in EM; however, no consensus on higher-level certification was reached.

Conclusions

With the thematic definition of EM identified, the focus shifts to investigating effects of personal practice on knowledge and skill levels. This study found that recertification timelines exceed timelines for knowledge and skill decay. Clinicians and academics agree that frequent personal practice is preferred over formal continuing education for maintenance of best practice.
Ethics in health care: 'Physician, heal thyself'
Authors: Knapp van Bogaert D. , Ogunbanjo G.A.
Published: November 2024

Doctors have an obligation, derived from duty to protect patients from harm, to take positive action if a colleague is impaired. In this article, the Health Professions Council of South Africa ethical guidelines concerning the duty of a doctor to report impaired practitioners is reviewed, followed by an overview of the regulations relating to the impairment of students and practitioners. Problems that doctors face, which may contribute to their impairment, will be discussed. Finally, while supporting the ethical duty to report impairment, a suggestion is made that during medication education, more emphasis should be placed on doctors recognising that they are human and fallible.
Bearings, Plain, Self-Aligning, Self-Lubricating, High Speed Oscillation -65 to +160 °F General Specification For
Authors:   ACBG Plain Bearing Committee
Published: November 2024

This standard covers the requirements for spherical, self-aligning, self-lubricating bearings that are for use in the ambient temperature range of -65 to +160 °F (-54 to +71 °C) at high cyclic speeds. The scope of the standard is to provide a liner system qualification procedure for helicopter sliding bearings defined and controlled by source control drawings. Once a liner system is qualified, the source controlled bearings may be further tested under application conditions.
Entrepreneurial Strategies And Development Of Small And Medium Scale Enterprises (Smes)
Authors: Ify Igbokwe Philomena
Published: November 2024

This paper examines today’s dynamic business landscape, the growth and sustainability of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) rely heavily on effective entrepreneurial strategies. Its explores key strategies for SME development, including innovation, market penetration, strategic partnerships, and digital transformation. Thus, the paper discusses the challenges faced by SMEs and proposes actionable solutions to overcome them. By implementing these strategies, SMEs can not only survive but thrive in competitive markets, driving economic growth and fostering innovation. The theoretical framework for entrepreneurial strategies in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) provides a structured approach to understanding how various strategies contribute to the growth and sustainability of these businesses are Resourced Based View and Technology Adoption and Innovation. The methodology adopted for this paper is secondary sources of data in which existing literatures were consulted and inferences were made based on their objectives i.e. the secondary data were sourced for from relevant journal articles, books, publications and the Internet as well as published data from scholarly sources. The paper concluded that entrepreneurial strategies are essential for SMEs seeking to achieve sustainable growth and competitiveness in today's dynamic business environment
Role of indigenous languages in repositioning Nigeria’s education and healthcare systems through indigenous technology
Authors: Diri Boma Hayes , Mbu Dickson Mbu , Ibe Eugene Onyegbule
Published: November 2024

Language no doubt is creator’s benevolence on man and indigenous language is the heart of all knowledge through which man expresses himself intuitively. Research has shown that people are more receptive and expressive of knowledge in their indigenous languages. Also, the potency of indigenous technology in a nation’s development cannot be over emphasised particularly in the education and healthcare sectors. Therefore, this paper seeks to articulate the importance of leveraging indigenous language and technology to address existing challenges and maximize opportunities for improvement in these sectors. It exposes the potential transformation of Nigeria’s education and healthcare systems through the integration of indigenous language and technology by comprehensively exploring the intersection of indigenous languages, indigenous technology, education, and healthcare in Nigeria. Secondary data and qualitative analysis were adopted for the study. It concluded that the role of indigenous language in repositioning Nigeria's education and healthcare system is rooted in the need to preserve and promote local languages, as well as the recognition of the potentials of indigenous technology to foster positive changes in these critical fields. Therefore, suggested that government and policy makers should emphasize and incorporate indigenous languages and technology into our education and healthcare systems.
Comparative study assessing birth outcomes in health facilities within the highly crude oil refining Eleme community of Rivers State and the non-oil refining Ubakala-Umuahia in Abia State
Authors: Ike Martha Ifeoma , Aseminaso Tubonemi O. , Iyaye David , Dagogo-Brown Igirigi Deinabobo
Published: November 2024

Constant exposure to outdoor air pollution by populations within crude oil refineries in Southern part of Nigeria has continued to attract research interests due to its health implications. This study investigated birth outcomes in health facilities within the highly crude oil refining Eleme community of Rivers State and the non-oil refining Ubakala-Umuahia in Abia State. A retrospective comparative cohort design based on obstetric/midwifery records of birth was used for this study. This design required the review of the records over a five-year period (2015-2020). The cohorts involved a population exposed to ambient air pollution from the Port Harcourt petroleum refinery source and a non-exposed population residing at Ubakala-Umuahia (about 100km away from the Port Harcourt refinery). A total sample size of 412 was used for the study. In Eleme, a total of 206 birth records were systematically selected (Interval: every 18th record) from 2015-2020. In Ubakala-umuahia PHC, a total of 206 birth records. The results showed that birth risk was two times higher in the exposed group than in the non-exposed group (p = 0.012); between the exposed and non-exposed groups, there was a significant difference in birth weight (p = 0.018) and congenital abnormalities (p = 0.004). When compared to the non-exposed group, participants in the exposed group had 89% higher risk of low birth weight and a 6 times higher chance of congenital abnormalities. The study recommended that government and other stake holders should encourage off-shore fossil fuel refining, and public health policy makers and governments should regulate the emission of particulate matter which is incriminated as a major cause of air pollution.
Effects of perceived susceptibility Covid-19 television messages on vaccine adoption behaviour among youths in Kiambu County
Authors: Ngure Faith Njeri , Mberia Hellen , Muchiri Joseph
Published: November 2024

Covid-19 is the recent global health pandemic which has caused a lot of deaths across the globe. The pandemic severity ranged from mild to severe with risks increasing with age. One of the notable interventionsin increasing vaccine measures and adoption of the protocols put in place was through communication. The television was fast in sharing messages pertaining to the likelihood of contraction. These messages swayed public opinion resulting in different behavioral patterns, and for this, case adoption or rejection of different Covid-19 vaccines. As such the study aimed at investigating the effects of perceived susceptibility Covid-19 television messages on vaccine adoption behavior among youths in Kiambu County. The study adopted mixed method methodology, such that the data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for validity. The qualitative data was derived from news items on Covid-19 for Citizen TV, NTV and KTN. Further 346 respondents participated in the questionnaires. From the Categorization analysis 98.5% youths felt susceptible while 1.5 % unsusceptible. The Chi square test returned a statistically insignificant results (x2=0.408, df=1, p=0.412), odds ratio [AOR: 2.1, 95% CI] and analysis of variance regarding the two categories returned insignificant value with p at 0.418. This implied that the perceived susceptibility Covid-19 television messages had no influence on Covid-19 vaccine uptake among youths in Kiambu County.
Determinants of gender-based violence in public secondary schools in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Johnson Idongesit Ime , Obisike Iheanyi Osondu , Asuquo Samuel , Obidah Maryamu , Obisike Mary H.
Published: November 2024

The study investigated determinants of gender-based violence in public secondary schools in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. The research design used was a survey design. A sample size of one hundred and fifty (150) participants within the age range of 14-25 years of which 143 met the inclusion criteria, with 7 of the participants being excluded due to wrong and incomplete data. The study revealed that the forms of gender-based violence in selected public secondary schools in Obio/Akpor Local Government of Rivers State were child sexual violence with a mean score of 3.01, dating violence 2.90, virginity testing 2.59, rape 3.01, emotional violence 2.97 and economic violence 2.66. The main perpetrators of the form of gender-based violence in the selected public secondary schools in Obio/Akpor Local Government of Rivers State were boys with a mean score of 3.18. The yielded p-value of 0.88 using one-factor ANOVA, indicates that there is no significant difference between the genders in terms of perpetrating gender-based violence in the public secondary schools in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, as the p-value is greater than 0.05. The study recommended the development and enforcement of clear anti-violence policies, including robust reporting mechanisms and support services for victims, to create a safer school environment. Integrate educational initiatives that foster gender equality and respect into the curriculum and extracurricular activities, nurturing a culture of mutual respect among students.
Exploring the effect of air fungal microbiome on bakery products from bakery industries in Diobu Metropolis
Authors: Amadi-Ikpa Chidi Nduka , Nabiradee Peter B.
Published: November 2024

The study was aimed at exploring the effect of air fungal microbiome on bakery products from bakery industries in Diobu metropolis due to the unhygienic condition of her bakeries. Following this, the air fungal microbiome was determined in relation to the time of exposure of a given product. The study employed standard mycological techniques which involved the exposure of sterile petri dishes containing sabouraud dextrose agar mediato the atmosphere at strategic points of the bakery unit for 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes respectively. A total of 30 sampling points were investigated from which fungal counts were obtained. Result showed an average fungal yield range of 18-87 spores per minutes and Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed an R2 of 0.9746, which signified a positive correlation exist. Fungal spore was noted dependent on the time of exposure of the food surface / bakery product. Five (5) fungal genera namely; Asperigillussp., Mucorsp., Penicilliumsp., Candida sp., Rhizopussp. were identified to have suspended in air. Mucorsp. with the highest prevalence was noted a huge contaminant of bakery products and as such questionable in the temperate environ. of the bakery industry. The study therefore suggests that bakery products should not be allowed to stand for a longer period of time before packaging. Basically, products should not be exposed since the atmosphere may contain fungal spores that may contaminate the products. Hence, products should be well protected or preserved to discourage the contamination/ multiplication of the Mucor species and other fungi spores.
In vitro anti-microbial activities of some medicinal plants used in traditional remedies in southwestern part of Nigeria
Authors: Senjobi C.T. , Lawal O.I. , Jimoh O.M. , Okechukwu O.C. , Sanusi A.S. , Senjobi A.H. , Ettu A.O.
Published: November 2024

Ages before man discovered the existence of microorganisms, there has been a pre-knowledge of certain plants with their healing potentials, which possess anti-microbial properties. The present studies focused on the anti-microbial activities of the crude methanol leaf extracts of six medicinal plants, namely Moringa oleifera, Clerodendrum volubile, Petiveria alliacea, Secamone afzeli, Carpolobia lutea and Macrosphyra longistyla on some selected microorganisms, namely Escherichia coli ATCC 29929, Staphyloccocus aureus ATCC 29293, Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619, Pseudomonas aureus ATCC 27953,  Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028, Candida  albicans ATCC 10231, Malassezia furfur ATCC  14521 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4252. The anti-microbial activities of these plants were compared with standard drugs: Lexotil (5μg), Furoxetil (30 μg), Loxaclav (30 μg), Oxavid (5 μg), Cefroden (10 μg), Cepharox (30 μg), Tetracycline (25 μg) and Gentamycin (10 μg). The in vitro anti-bacterial activity was performed by disc and agar well diffusion methods. All tests were performed in triplicates. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated using the Duncan’s Multiple-Range Test (DMRT) at p < 0.05. Of all the plant tested, C. volubile had the best inhibitory effect against S. aureus (24.67±0.33 and S. pneumoniae (19.67± 0.33), which was better than the control drugs: lexotil (19.67±0.33, 15.33 ± 0.33) and oxavid (18.33±1.67). Petiveria alliacea (23.00±0.00) was the second best extract. As S. aureus was highly sensitive to C. volubile methanol extract, it could be used as an antibiotic against diseases caused by the pathogen.
Artificial intelligence (AI): A powerful tool for advancing plant study and research
Authors: Aliyu Bala Sidi
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionised various fields and plant science is no exception. In recent years, AI techniques, particularly deep learning, have emerged as powerful tools for advancing plant science research. This paper explores the transformative potential of integrating multi-omics data and AI in plant science research, phenotyping, etc., providing a comprehensive and high-throughput approach to understanding and application to agriculture and plant biology.  The advantages, limitations and future prospects of this tool to the study of plants are discussed.
Weakly Profiling Side-channel Analysis
Authors: Wu Lichao , Perin Guilherme , Picek Stjepan
Published: November 2024

Profiling side-channel analysis, recognized for its robust attack performance in worst-case scenarios, necessitates adversaries to have a cloned device for profiling measurements and secret information for data labeling. On the other hand, nonprofiling attacks eschew these requirements by trying all key guesses. Although more suitable for real-world attack scenarios, they may suffer from mediocre attack performance due to the lack of leakage insight.This paper introduces a novel weakly profiling side-channel analysis method that bridges classical profiling and non-profiling analyses. Our method operates within a profiling framework yet discards the necessity for a cloned device, which relies on the fact that there is (commonly) a bijective relationship between known information, such as plaintext and ciphertext, and secret information. This relationship allows an adversary to label leakage measurements using known information and then profile leakages directly on the attacked device. The empirical results show that the proposed approach achieves at least three times better attack performance with negligible computational effort than existing non-profiling methods. Moreover, it can rival the performance of state-of-the-art profiling attacks.