bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General prescription pattern of insured herbal preparation in South Korea: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kim Heekyung , Lee Mangyeong , Kim Jaegon , Cho Juhee
Published: September 2024

Objectives: Research on the general prescription patterns of insured herbal preparations in Korea has been limited. This study aimed to analyze prescription patterns of insured herbal preparations, utilizing the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) sample cohort 2.0 data from 2010 to 2019.Methods: NHIS sample cohort 2.0 database, which represents a sample of 2.2% of the Korean population, was analyzed. We analyzed data related to prescriptions recognized as insured herbal preparations. Variables included patient demographics, diagnosis codes, prescription details, and healthcare institution characteristics. We examined trends over the decade, focusing on herbal formulae and single herb extracts.Results: During the study period, 275,358 patients visited Korean traditional medicine clinics and received at least one prescription of herbal preparations, representing 27.5% of the total sample. The number of prescriptions increased by 209%, from 34,621 in 2010 to 72,553 in 2019. Females accounted for 67% of these prescriptions, and 77% were for patients aged 70 and older. The top ten herbal formulae (TTHF), including Ojeok-san and Gungha-tang, constituted 76% of all prescriptions. Herbal formulae were used more frequently than single herb extracts, with certain prescriptions being commonly utilized. There was a notable focus on musculoskeletal disorders, with low back pain being the most common diagnosis.Conclusion: The study demonstrates a significant increase in the use of insured herbal preparations, primarily in small clinics and among the elderly. Prescription patterns showed a preference for specific single herb extracts and herbal formulae, with consistent trends over time. These findings provide valuable insights for future clinical research and policy development, particularly as herbal medicine's role in the national healthcare system continues to expand.
A Scoping Review of Clinical Study in Pelvic Congestion Syndrome Focused on Blood Stasis
Authors: An Hye-Won , Park Miso , Lee Ji-Yeon
Published: September 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to summarize the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome(PCS) in traditional East-Asian medicine(TEM) and Western medicine(WM) from the point of blood stasis.Methods: We followed the methodology of 5 steps of scoping review by Arksey and O'Malley and Levac et al. Studies from 2010 to October 19, 2023 were searched through seven search engines. Two reviewers independently searched and screened the studies. When there was a disagreement, a third reviewer decided its eligibility.Results: A total of 78 studies were selected, and 40 were TEM studies and 38 were WM. The average age of the study subjects was in their 30s and most had more than one child. Most of TEM were intervention studies and WM were mostly observational studies. In the WM, the etiology of PCS was considered pelvic venous insufficiency, and in the TEM, pathological conditions caused blood stasis in the pelvis. In TEM, the diagnosis was made according to previous studies' criteria; in WM, it was made through imaging. To treat PCS, WM seeks to block extended veins with embolization, and TEM to improve the environment in which stagnant blood is created through various treatments such as herbal medicine, enema therapy, etc. Total efficient rate (TER) in TEM and imaging findings in WM were most often used as outcome measures.Conclusions: This study summarized and analyzed overall concepts of PCS in TEM and WM.
A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Korean and Chinese Medicine Treatments for Lung Cancer : from a Cancer Treatment Book and Case Reports
Authors: Jun Hyeong Joon
Published: September 2024

Objectives: Recent trends in traditional Korean medicine (TKM) lung cancer treatment involve the administration of a few ready-made herbal formulas in batches. However, utilizing a TKM pathology-based formulation of herbs can fill in the gaps in holistic treatment that are often missed in a one-size-fits-all approach. The author aimed to analyze treatment trends between a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cancer treatment specialty book and a series of Korean lung cancer TKM treatment case reports.Methods: The frequently used pattern identification types, herbal formulas, and herbs in the lung cancer chapter of a TCM cancer treatment specialty book and case reports of TKM treatment of lung cancer were analyzed in a comparative manner.Results: Twenty-four pattern identification types for lung cancer were derived from the TCM book, and they were Phlegm-blood stasis, lung heat, and deficiency type. Six types of pattern identification types were derived from the 20 cases reports of TKM treatment, and they were blood stasis due to qi stagnation and deficiency type. Twelve cases were treated with ready-made anti-tumor herbal preparations without performing a pattern identification, accounting for two-thirds of the cases.Conclusions: The treatment of lung cancer in TCM is characterized by the use of pattern identification to formulate herbal formulas with simultaneous administration of anti-tumor herbs within the same formula. The treatment of lung cancer in TKM is relatively infrequent in its use of pattern identification. In addition, herbal formulas derived through the process of pattern identification and derived for anti-tumor purposes were often administered separately.
Pilot application and Comparative Study between inter-raters in Clinical Performance Examination (CPX) of Ankle Sprain
Authors: Kim Minjeong
Published: September 2024

Objectives : : The purpose of this study is to analyze the evaluation results and score deviation between interraters after performing ankle sprain CPX.Methods : Ankle sprain CPX was performed on fourth-year students in the Department of Korean Medicine. A student standardized patient(SSP) filled out the 50-point PPI questionnaire.Results : Ankle sprain CPX final score was 28.20 ± 1.40. Evaluation items showed low scores in the following order: performance time, physical examination, and past and social history check. The “physical examination” accounted for the largest proportion of the score deviation between interraters. In PPI, the lowest score was “effective questioning”, and the highest scores were “listening” and “empathy”.Conclusions : We hope that follow-up research will be conducted to develop objective and reliable CPX evaluation standards and scoring checklists in the future.
A Survey Study on the Effect of Medical Volunteer Activities on Competency Enhancement and the Development of Medical Volunteer Guidelines for Korean Medicine Students
Authors: Lee Jihyun , Lee Ryunkyeong , Kim Beomsoo , Kim Minjeong
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the effects in competency enhancement of students participating in medical volunteer activities and to investigate the current conditions and needs for developing guidelines.Methods: A self-reporting online survey was conducted with Korean medicine students who participated in the medical volunteer activities. The first survey, sent to 147 participants on July 6, 2024, consisted of questions on clinical guidelines for medical volunteer activities and professional competency evaluation before the volunteer activities. The second survey, sent to 53 participants on July 12, 2024, used the same competency evaluation items to assess changes after the volunteer activities.Results: Due to the lack of current clinical guidelines, most students are experiencing difficulties. There is a demand for comprehensive guidelines and specific items for immediate application in medical volunteer activities. Medical volunteer activities have enhanced the professional competencies of Korean medicine students in all aspects.Conclusions: Through these results, Research on medical volunteer activities and the development of guidelines is essential for its advancement.
Application of text-mining technique and machine-learning model with clinical text data obtained from case reports for Sasang constitution diagnosis: a feasibility study
Authors: Kim Jinseok , Park So-hyun , Jeong Roa , Lee Eunsu , Kim Yunseo , Sung Hyundong , Yu Jun-sang
Published: September 2024

Objectives: We analyzed Sasang constitution case reports using text mining to derive network analysis results and designed a classification algorithm using machine learning to select a model suitable for classifying Sasang constitution based on text data.Methods: Case reports on Sasang constitution published from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2022, were searched. As a result, 343 papers were selected, yielding 454 cases. Extracted texts were pretreated and tokenized with the Python-based KoNLPy package. Each morpheme was vectorized using TF-IDF values. Word cloud visualization and centrality analysis identified keywords mainly used for classifying Sasang constitution in clinical practice. To select the most suitable classification model for diagnosing Sasang constitution, the performance of five models—XGBoost, LightGBM, SVC, Logistic Regression, and Random Forest Classifier—was evaluated using accuracy and F1-Score.Results: Through word cloud visualization and centrality analysis, specific keywords for each constitution were identified. Logistic regression showed the highest accuracy (0.839416), while random forest classifier showed the lowest (0.773723). Based on F1-Score, XGBoost scored the highest (0.739811), and random forest classifier scored the lowest (0.643421).Conclusions: This is the first study to analyze constitution classification by applying text mining and machine learning to case reports, providing a concrete research model for follow-up research. The keywords selected through text mining were confirmed to effectively reflect the characteristics of each Sasang constitution type. Based on text data from case reports, the most suitable machine learning models for diagnosing Sasang constitution are logistic regression and XGBoost.
Korean Medicine Treatment with Scalp Acupuncture for Diplopia and Lateropulsion in a Patient with Lateral Medullary Infarction: A Case Report
Authors: Kim Yeong-Sang , Woo Hyeonjun , Oh Jin-Ah , Jeong Su-Hyeon
Published: September 2024

Background: This case study aimed to report the efficacy of scalp acupuncture in a patient with diplopia or lateropulsion and lateral medullary infarction.Case report: A 41-year-old woman with lateral medullary infarctions presented with symptoms of left-sided diplopia, left lateropulsion, headache, dizziness, and right-sided dysesthesia for 8 months. She received daily Korean medicine treatments, including scalp acupuncture. During the treatment period, various assessments were conducted, including the symptom score, visual analog scale (VAS), diplopia questionnaire (DQ), eyeball movement, dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), Korean version of the berg balance scale (K-BBS), activities-specific balance confidence scale (ABC), vestibular disorders activities of daily living scale (VADL), and the EuroQol five-dimension index (EQ-5D index). The patient’s symptom score, VAS, DQ, DHI, and VADL scores decreased, while K-BBS, ABC, and EQ-5D scores increased. Additionally, eyeball movements improved after Korean medicine treatment including scalp acupuncture.Conclusions: The observed improvements suggest that Korean medicine treatment including scalp acupuncture can effectively alleviate diplopia and lateropulsion in patients with lateral medullary infarction.
Evaluation of Sleep Patterns and Chronotypes in Spanish Women With Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pérez Sebastián Eustaquio , Hernández Laura Lucas , Nuez Juan Luis Oliva de l , El-Hammouti Aboubaker Soussi , Cobiella Tomás González , Rodríguez José Carlos del Cast , Pérez Mario Herrera , Pérez Isidro Miguel Martín
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate sleep patterns and chronotypes in Spanish women diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS).Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines was conducted from March 1, 2024, to June 10, 2024, at the Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Association of Tenerife (San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain).Results: A total of 73 women, with a mean age of 56.15±6.47 years, diagnosed with FMS were enrolled. Bedtime habits and wake-up times showed significant variability, reflecting individual differences in sleep chronotype preferences among the participants. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index revealed a mean score of 11.62±0.92, indicating substantial challenges in sleep quality among participants with FMS. Sleep efficiency was low, averaging 14.86%±0.34%, and there was a significant discrepancy in sleep duration between workdays and free days, with an average difference of 2.0±0.5 h. The participants reported compensatory sleep through an average of two naps per day, each lasting 40 min.Conclusions: Participants with FMS experienced poor sleep quality, characterized by variability in sleep patterns between workdays and free days, along with significant social jet lag. Low sleep efficiency suggests a prevalent sleep debt, which the participants attempted to mitigate through frequent and extended napping.
Association Between Self-Reported Sleep and Cognitive Function in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Bae Heewon , Kim Seonjeong , Choo Yi-Seul , Joo Eun Yeon
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between self-reported sleep and cognitive function in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to understand potential implications for Alzheimer’s disease prevention.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 80 patients with MCI and 70 controls. Participants completed standardized questionnaires to assess self-reported sleep quality (Korean version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI-K]), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]), and insomnia severity (Insomnia Severity Index [ISI]). Cognitive function was evaluated using the Seoul Neuropsychological Test and the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination. The Korea Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale was used to assess instrumental activities of daily living. Correlation analyses examined the relationship between sleep-related parameters and cognitive function.Results: The results indicated no significant differences in PSQI-K and ESS scores between patients with MCI and the control group. Correlation analyses revealed that poorer sleep quality was associated with reduced frontal and executive functions in patients with MCI, particularly in tests such as Controlled Oral Word Association Test (supermarket, -0.311, p<0.001) and Trail Making Test (TMT) B (0.232, p<0.001). Additionally, daytime dysfunction was associated with poorer cognitive performance across language and executive domains (e.g., Korean Boston Naming Test: -0.290, p<0.001; TMTA: 0.248, p<0.001). In both groups, ISI scores were linked to cognitive functions, particularly in attention, phonemic fluency, and executive function (e.g., digit span, backward: -0.225, p<0.01; TMTA: 0.327, p<0.01).Conclusions: These findings suggest that sleep disturbances significantly impact cognitive function and daily living abilities in patients with MCI.
Analysis of abundance of microplastic in fish caught in Percut Waters
Authors: Angraini Tia , Fatimah Fatimah , Wahyuningsih Hesti
Published: September 2024

Plastic waste that is not managed properly will damage the environment by polluting the ecosystem. Plastic in waters can turn into micro-sized plastic waste. Plastics whose size is less than 5 mm are called microplastics. The emergence of microplastic pollutants is caused by increasing population activity in Percut Waters. Percut waters are waters located in the coastal area of North Sumatra where there are many anthropogenic activities that cause the emergence of microplastics. Microplastics can have a negative impact on exposed marine biota. Nowadays microplastics are not only found in the environment, but can also accumulate in the bodies of organisms, for example. This research aims to determine the abundance of microplastics in fish found in Percut waters. The research was carried out in October – November 2022 in Percut Waters. Fish samples were caught using nets and the samples were separated from their digestive tract and diluted with the addition of NaCl and H2O2 lauric. The average abundance of microplastics in fish samples ranged from 24–294 particles. The fish species where the most microplastics were found was mullet fish with 294 particles. The most common types of microplastics found in total are fiber microplastics.Keywords:MicroplasticDigestionCoastalPercut
Framing family homelessness in the United States: media representations and the invisibility of families
Authors: Williams Jean Calterone , Hopkinson Nick H. , Martinez Perez Alex
Published: September 2024

Media coverage plays an important role in generating knowledge about and shaping understandings of homelessness. Although families make up about 35% of all those without housing in the United States, they remain relatively invisible in the media. We examine the amount of coverage and content of representations of homeless families in The New York Times and the Los Angeles Times in 2017 and 2022. Families receive little media coverage in comparison to single, homeless adults, especially men. When newspapers do address unhoused families, they mainly do so without reference to the race, gender, or sexuality of homeless families. As a result of limited and trivial coverage, it is difficult to find articles that provide extended discussion of family homelessness or explain the multi-layered structural factors that cause families to lose housing.
Social exclusion among older people receiving formal home care services in Finland: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Ristolainen Hanna , Tiilikainen Elisa , Forma Leena
Published: September 2024

This study examines the prevalence of multidimensional social exclusion and associated factors of exclusion from social relations among formal home care recipients aged 65 and over. The survey data (n = 553) were collected in 2022 in Finland. The results show that almost half of respondents had difficulties making ends meet, almost a third felt lonely fairly often or all the time, 44 per cent were isolated, 20 per cent did not receive adequate help and support, and 41 per cent did not have enough possibilities to go outside. Getting inadequate help and support was associated with both loneliness and social isolation.
The psychological imagination of the social in contemporary China
Authors: Hizi Gil
Published: September 2024

Psychological expertise has developed in market economies along with the priority of individualised, self-responsible and productive citizenship, thus directing people’s evaluative glance inwards. Yet psychology, as a field of knowledge production, also interprets and classifies wider socioeconomic processes, including defining the emotional experience of different structural conditions. Extending the concept ‘the psychological imagination’ (Nehring and Frawley, 2020), which highlights how globalised psychological expertise induces perceptions of individualised self-accountability, I propose the ‘psychological imagination of the social’, illustrating how this expertise configures socioeconomic factors. I draw on texts and commentaries by mainland Chinese psychologists in the popular media, state-run press, self-help literature and academic writing, as well as interviews with practitioners in Jinan, delineating how psychologists address economic reforms, commodification, digitalisation and social competition. This imagination buttresses the positivist trajectory of market expansion as a ‘civilising’ and ‘emotionally emancipating’ process, while also stressing the emotional toll of contemporary urban lifestyles. Thus, this expertise advertises its unique contribution to elevating immaterial ingredients in the Chinese social experience through ongoing negotiation between market ideologies and the party-state’s agenda.
Dream House as Queer Testimony: Ephemera as Evidence in Carmen Maria Machado’s In the Dream House
Authors: Green Chloe R.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: In this article, I examine how formal experimentation shapes the act of witnessing in Carmen Maria Machado’s memoir In the Dream House . By analyzing Machado’s autobiographical depictions of queer domestic abuse, which are refracted through a panoply of genres and forms, I argue that her memoir challenges the belief that testimonial narrative must be formally conventional to be believed. I propose that Machado’s formal experimentation and generic instability encourage a mode of reading that is embodied, affective, and crucially queer as a way to address the structural inequities that govern whose testimonies are believed and why. As In the Dream House queers the testimonial form, both in its privileging of ephemeral evidence and its interpolation of the reader’s agency, I argue that it creates a literary metric through which queer subjects can create their own modes of justice.
Reading Bialik in Tehran: Translation and Literar y Distinctiveness in the Postwar Iranian Jewish Periodical ‘Alam-e Yahud
Authors: Amir Daniel
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The end of the Second World War and the Allied occupation of Iran came with a relaxation of censorship laws in the country. This in turn permitted the revival of an active Jewish press after a lull of almost two decades. One of the main publications of this period, ‘Alam-e Yahud (The Jewish world), frequently translated prose and literary texts for the benefit of its readers, including a great deal of Hebrew poetry. Translations were designed to encourage a global Jewish, literary, and political modernity (on both a Zionist and domestic Iranian plane) and to promote a participation within these projects by the periodical’s readers. This essay analyses these literary translations and adaptations, demonstrating Iranian Jewish writers’ active engagement with Hebrew literary works, shifting and molding them for their own context and ideals. It begins with an examination of the periodical’s wider translation project and its function as a political and cultural bridge during a period of change. It moves on to examine the “foreignness” of authors including Haim Nahman Bialik, and Bialik’s normative cachet as an Ashkenazi/European and later Palestine-based writer. The essay proceeds to analyze other Hebrew-language contemporaries as spurs for linguistic and national renewal in both Hebrew and Persian, and concludes by reading original popular and belletristic poetry in Persian by Iranian Jews published in the periodical as a signifier of distinctiveness away from these sometimes-Eurocentric translated models.
The Irony of Words in Marie Cardinal's Les mots pour le dire
Authors: Evans Jane E.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Marie Cardinal published Les mots pour le dire , based on her seven-year psychiatric analysis, in 1975. Considered groundbreaking for its time because of the female narrator's disclosure of intimate details about her life as a thirty-oneyear-old wife, mother, and ailing woman, the account focuses on the first-person speaker's depression followed by physical and mental confinement as well as her nascent creativity as she overcomes her fears of engaging with the world. By examining her récit through psychological, historical, and linguistic lenses, I detail her journey from illness to health. Of particular interest are her deliberate steps in the process of becoming a writer of fiction, which mark not only her transition from sickness to well-being, but also her change from observing strict conventions as a copyeditor to using her own imagination to envision other lives for herself and her literary characters. Although the novel's narrator submits to a Freudian analysis, I rely on other psychological writings, including Bessel Van der Kolk's work on the mind-body connection and Cathy Caruth's writings about trauma to elaborate the narrator's empowerment resulting from her verbalization of fears and taboos, and leading to renewed creative energy for authorship, motherhood, marriage, and relationships.
Effect of pointing errors on combined beam power in MEMS optical phased arrays
Authors: Jiang Yuxin , Sun Jianfeng , Hou Peipei , Ren Weijie , Xu Lingling , Li Chaoyang , Zhang Longkun , Pan Hanrui , Jia Honghui , Yuan Haoming
Published: September 2024

Micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) optical phased arrays are distinguished by their ability to achieve a large steering angle and high optical gain, which makes them well-suited for space laser communication. However, there are pointing errors between the beams of each array element due to mounting inaccuracies or the need for precision of the MEMS. This will lead to a decrease in the combined beam power, which in turn affects the quality of communication. Therefore, this paper analyzes the effect of pointing errors on combined beam power in MEMS optical phased arrays. Based on the reflective diffraction of a Gaussian beam after the MEMS, the theoretical expressions for the far-field beam power in the presence of pointing errors are derived. The above expressions are then subjected to simulation and analysis. Finally, the system is built for experimental validation. The result shows that the discrepancies between the measured and simulated results are only 5.25%, 4.48%, and 2.79% for the number of array elements 2×2, 4×4, and 8×8, respectively. This paper could provide a valuable reference to the accuracy requirements of MEMS for practical applications of MEMS optical phased arrays.
Design of a beam splitter based on an adjustable beam-splitting ratio of a hexagonal star-like topological photonic crystal
Authors: Chang Ya-Qing , Zhai Nan , Xu Xiao-Fang , Zhou Wen-Ji , Sun Ming , Shen Yun-Feng
Published: September 2024

We propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, mechanism to realize topological phase transition, that is, in a hexagonal star-like honeycomb lattice photonic crystal (PC), the optical quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) can be realized by changing the materials of the outer or inner ring dielectric rods in the cells. We calculated the energy band and analyzed the topological phase transition law of a hexagonal star-like honeycomb PC. By changing the permittivity of the PC, the disturbance is introduced to the edge state. It is found that with the decrease of the permittivity of the PC, the gap decreases, the lower boundary state gradually redshifts, and the maximum transmittance in the straight waveguide can reach 98.8%. On this basis, a topological beam splitter was designed and analyzed. Results show that the beam splitting ratio obtained by the system is in the wide range of 0.2–3.5. Our research enriches the implementation of topological photonics, provides potential applications for topological boundary states in terahertz technology, and offers a new avenue for the design of current optical integrated devices.
Geometry-leveling and load-uniforming coupling control for the hyperstatic-legged platform by modeling its inherent properties
Authors: Cai Jintian , Ji Yafei , Rong Zuochao , Gang Xianyue , Zhang Fan
Published: September 2024

The hyperstatic-legged platform is the physical prototype for optical mirror support control. However, the hyperstatic problem leads to uncertainty in leg loads and platform attitudes, and current control schemes suffer from attitude oscillations and poor load controllability. This paper presents a geometry-leveling and load-uniforming coupling control method (G&LCC). Simulation comparisons of G&LCC with the point-chasing and fuzzy-control methods validate its unique ability to synchronously control platform attitudes with leg loads. Moreover, experiments based on a six-elastic-legged elastic platform demonstrate that only one to two iterations are required to adjust the attitudes to within 0.02°, while all leg loads converge to within 7% of expectations.
Silicon Photonic Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Resampling
Authors: Wu Chia-Yu , Chen Ying-Kai , Hsu Shih-Hsiang
Published: September 2024

The dispersion-related optical-clock resampling of a swept-source optical coherence tomography in a silicon platform is demonstrated on the main interferometer through Hilbert-transform for the axial resolution of 21.78 µm, which is limited by grating couplers.
Cavity-enhanced Photoacoustic Dual-comb Spectrometer for Sensitive and Broadband Gas Spectroscopy
Authors: Nie Qinxue , Wang Zhen , Sun Haojia , Borri Simone , De Natale Paolo , Ren Wei
Published: September 2024

We present a cavity-enhanced photoacoustic dual-comb spectrometer for highly sensitive and broadband gas spectroscopy using a flute-type acoustic resonator and an optical cavity.
Narrow linewidth VECSEL for photoionization of Ba for trapped ion computing
Authors: Nechay Kostiantyn , Kuusela Luukas , Schramm Andreas , Talmila Soile , Sipilä Pekko , Palomäki Kalle , Uusimaa Petteri
Published: September 2024

Trapped-ion-based quantum computing is a forerunning approach which ultimately relies on single-frequency lasers. We present narrow linewidth intracavity frequency doubled semiconductor laser platform, here emitting around 553 nm for the efficient Ba atom two-step photoionization.
A Highly Reliable Color Conversion Layer Based on Colloidal Quantum Dots with High Resolution of 3628 Pixel-Per-Inch
Authors: Kuo Ting-Jhih , Chao Han-Yu , Chen Fang-Chung , Kuo Hao-Chung , Lin Chien-Chung
Published: September 2024

A 3628-PPI color conversion layer based on colloidal quantum dots is demonstrated with high resolution and good reliability. The sub-pixel size is 2 microns and the color conversion efficiency is as high as 22%. A properly designed mirror can enhance the peak intensity more than two times.
Significant Improvements to Terahertz Hyperspectral Image Analysis by Using Full-Field and Time-Domain Data
Authors: Granger Margaret E. , Latin Abigail J. , Johnson Jeremy A.
Published: September 2024

We demonstrate improvements in terahertz (THz) hyperspectral image analysis by incorporating full-field THz data. We also show for the first time that THz hyperspectral analysis can be performed in the time-domain.
Visible and NIR Spectrum-simulation Light Source Facilitates Hyperspectral Imaging Applications
Authors: Ye Xiaohua , Grube William , Zhu Huiling , Gustafson Debbie , Singh Vikram , Dube Megan
Published: September 2024

A spectrum-simulating light source covering 380nm to 1100nm, powered by a laser driven light source, is proposed to facilitate HSI applications. Key parameters examined include spectral resolution, out-of-band suppression, and the flexibility in spectral manipulation.
Material-sensitive LiDAR – a technique for multidimensional chemical mapping
Authors: Samanta Bibek R.
Published: September 2024

A range-resolved standoff chemical sensing technique for simultaneous ranging and material characterization is demonstrated with various polymers. The technique is used to selectively identify polymer compositions and sensitively map trace concentrations in 3D.
Coherent Optical Driving of a Superconducting Qubit with an Electro-Optic Transducer
Authors: Warner Hana K. , Holzgrafe Jeffrey , Yankelevich Beatriz , Barton David , Poletto Stefano , Xin C. J. , Sinclair Neil , Zhu Di , Sete Eyob , Langley Brandon , Batson Emma , Colangelo Marco , Shams-Ansari Amirhassan , Joe Graham , Berggren Karl K. , Jiang Liang , Reagor Matthew , Lončar Marko
Published: September 2024

We describe coherent optical control of a superconducting qubit with an electro-optic transducer as a step towards enabling optical interconnects between superconducting processor nodes.
Fabrication of All-to-All Transmon Superconducting Qubits for Scalable Quantum Information Processing
Authors: Huang Haw-Tyng , Huang Yu-Huan , Lin Wei-Chen , Kuo Sheng-Jie , Chen Ching-Yeh , Hsieh Kai-Min , Ho Ming-Hsuan , Lin Yen-Hsiang , Yeh Po-Chun , Lai Chih-Ming , Sheu Shyh-Shyuan
Published: September 2024

Wafer-scale fabrication of superconducting qubits with all-to-all connections has been demonstrated on 4-inch Si wafer. The wafer process results in the construction of four Transmon qubits, interconnected through transmission line terminated by a capacitive mirror.
Classical Gaussian Boson Samplers
Authors: Goodman Ned , Dellios Alexander , Drummond Peter. D.
Published: September 2024

We use phase space simulations to find an accurate ground-truth describing Gaussian Boson Sampling experiments and to compare these experiments and classical samplers against that ground-truth. In addition, we introduce a novel competitive classical sampler.
Parallel Triggering of Quantum Emitters using Adiabatic Rapid Passage
Authors: Wilbur Grant , Ramachandran Ajan , Matthew Reuble , Jagde Jasleen Kaur , Singh Palwinder , O’Neal Sabine , Deppe Dennis G. , Hall Kimberley
Published: September 2024

By the application of chirped laser pulses to ensembles of quantum dots, we demonstrate the simultaneous triggering of > 10 quantum dots using adiabatic rapid passage.
Low Loss Asymmetric Bragg Grating Mode Couplers on Thin Film Lithium Niobate for Efficient Extraction of Reflected Light
Authors: Gutt Lars Emil , Nguyen Thach , Girouard Peter , Ren Guanghui , Oxenløwe Leif Katsuo , Corcoran Bill , Mitchell Arnan , Guan Pengyu
Published: September 2024

Bragg gratings are important components in integrated photonics, however, efficiently a ccessing t he r eflected wa ves re mains ch allenging. He re, we de monstrate an asymmetric Bragg grating mode coupler in thin-film lithium niobate with 1 dB insertion loss.
Quantum Spread Spectrum
Authors: Huberman Bernardo A. , Lund Bob , Wang Jing , Cheng Lin
Published: September 2024

We propose and experimentally demonstrate frequency hopping spread spectrum communication that uses a quantum key distribution network to securely deliver random frequency hopping patterns for wireless communications. Results show low interception and jamming probabilities.
Visibility of long-fiber Sagnac interferometers
Authors: Mandil Reem , Qian Li , Lo Hoi-Kwong
Published: September 2024

We measure visibility in fiber Sagnac interferometers up to 200 km using CW light. Results show visibility is backscattering-limited after 60 km. We obtain 90% visibility in 200 km fiber using a burst-patterning technique.
Real-time 12.5-Gbit/s Quantum Random Number Delivery over Field-installed Fiber via Coherent Light Transmission
Authors: Tanizawa Ken , Kato Kentaro , Futami Fumio
Published: September 2024

We propose and demonstrate quantum random number generation based on vacuum fluctuation at a distance from the laser source. 12.5-Gbit/s unpredictable random numbers are distributed without optical transceivers over 4-km fiber installed in campus.
An Open-Access Platform for Thin Film Lithium Niobate Photonic Integrated Circuits (TFLN PICs)
Authors: Sattari Hamed , Prieto Ivan , Zarebidaki Homa , Leo Jacopo , Choong Gregory , Arefi Fatemeh , Orvietani Mattia , Torre Alberto Della , Petremand Yves , Palmieri Michele , Dubochet Olivier , Despont Michel
Published: September 2024

We introduce an open, standardized TFLN PICs platform available to PIC designers through a fabless scheme. Several technology steps have been established, providing a reliable process design kit (PDK) in the telecommunication C-band.
An Integrated, Two-Colour Photon-Pair Source in Thin-Film Lithium Niobate
Authors: Babel Silia , Bollmers Laura , Ridder Werner , Reineke Bernhard , Brecht Benjamin , Eigner Christof , Padberg Laura , Silberhorn Christine
Published: September 2024

We design and fabricate an integrated frequency-non-degenerate photon-pair source in thin-film lithium niobate. Our source generates high-quality photon pairs with a brightness of 2.31·1013 pairs/(sWcm2) and low heralded
g
h
(2)(0) of 0.084±0.034.
Passively Isolated On-Chip Comb Dynamics Enabled by Photonic Crystal Microresonators
Authors: Grzesik Jakob , Ahn Geun Ho , White Alexander D. , Catanzaro Dominic , Vučković Jelena
Published: September 2024

Dissipative Kerr Solitons are generated in silicon nitride photonics using microring resonators. Backscattered light, due to bidirectionally-propagating hybridized modes, are detrimental to the pump. We mitigate these effects with an on-chip passive optical isolator.
Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence Ghost Imaging
Authors: Manni Mathieu , Ben-Yehuda Adi , Klein Yishay , Lukic Bratislav , Kingston Andrew , Rack Alexander , Shwartz Sharon , Vigano Nicola
Published: September 2024

We successfully demonstrate X-ray fluorescence Ghost Imaging on synchrotron sources. We present a new robust protocol against drifts and positioning errors that opens the way to study previously inaccessible samples such as liquids.
Silicon Waveguide Cross-sectional Dimension Estimation Based on Effective Refractive Index Extraction
Authors: Zhang Enge , Zhu Xiaoran , Zhang Lei
Published: September 2024

We report a method for estimating the cross-sectional dimension of silicon waveguides. It is based on the effective refractive index data extracted from the spectra of two racetrack resonators with different perimeters.
Extraction of Group Refractive Index and its Temperature Dependence with a Ring Resonator
Authors: Zhu Xiaoran , Zhang Enge , Zhang Lei
Published: September 2024

We report a method for the extraction of group refractive index and its tem-perature dependence using a single ring resonator. We verify its feasibility and determine the thermo-optic coefficient of n
g
to be 3 × 10
−
4.
Super-Resolution of Optical Thickness Measurement employing Correlation-based Spectrum Estimation
Authors: Yamaguchi Naoki , Yamauchi Takanori , Kitamura Takayuki , Imaki Masaharu , Yamashita Shinji , Set Sze Yun
Published: September 2024

The quantification of optical thickness using a wavelength swept source is pivotal for applications such as Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT) and Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) lidar, demanding sub-millimeter range resolution. To enhance resolution, we advocate the incorporation of a correlation-based spectrum estimation method in FMCW optical thickness measurement. Our approach successfully resolved a notable 0.59 mm of thickness with a 1.7 nm wavelength sweep, surpassing the 0.61 mm theoretical limit imposed by Fourier transform.
Vector Bending Sensor Based on Tapered Few-Mode Multi-Core Fiber Enabled by Power Monitoring
Authors: Liu Zhuyixiao , Jiang Zijian , Wu Qixuan , Zhang Fengming , Du Haoze , Yao Yucheng , Zhao Luming , Tang Ming
Published: September 2024

We proposed a vector bending sensor based on tapered few-mode multi-core fiber. The sensor could accomplish the recognition of direction and curvature through only power monitoring. The theoretical curvature sensitivity is higher than 0.14/m-1 within the interval of 2.5 m-1 to 10 m-1.
Dual-Mode, Subarray Design for Optical Phased Array With Electro-Optic Phase Shifters
Authors: Wang Wuxiucheng , Liu Yongchao , Gong Ming , Wu Hui
Published: September 2024

We propose a new design optimization method for optical phased arrays with subarrays. The new design enables a low-loss mode for subarrayed OPA operation that offers better trade-offs between power consumption, optical loss, and chip area.
High-Speed Directly Modulated Quantum Dot Lasers Utilizing Photon-Photon Resonance Effect
Authors: Ding Zhengqing , Cai Minghao , Yu Ying , Yu Siyuan
Published: September 2024

We demonstrate a dual-section quantum dot distributed feedback (QD-DFB) laser, which achieves stable single-mode operation with >10 mW output power and a maximum modulation bandwidth of 17.31 GHz, leveraging the photon-photon resonance (PPR) effect.
Carrier Dispersion Modulation in a Silicon Strip Waveguide
Authors: Alam Ahmed Shariful , Sun Hao , Masnad Mahadi , Alamgir Imtiaz , Azaña José , Aitchison J. Stewart
Published: September 2024

We report our observation of carrier dispersion effect in a silicon strip waveguide and demonstrated a novel strip waveguide-based silicon modulator with an estimated half-wave-voltage-length product (VπL) of 9 V.cm in the telecommunication wavelength.
Optimized Contact Resistance and Device Performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs by sub-10 nm Nano-Hole Patterns
Authors: Lee Hsin-Jung , Lee Cheng-Che , Pan Hong-Ru , Kuan Chieh-Hsiung
Published: September 2024

Sub-10 nm scale nano-hole patterns were designed to reduce contact resistance and improve the electrical characteristics of HEMTs by using electron beam lithography. AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with the contact resistance decreased from 1.82 Ω-mm to 0.47 Ω-mm were achieved, and the maximum drain current was enhanced from 319 mA/mm to 496 mA/mm.
Metal Etch Mask Morphology for Silica Optical Windows Verified by Transmission Spectra
Authors: Vaca Benjamin A. , Yoshino Jude K. , Genet William E. , Benge Tyler A. , Aggarwal Ishwar D. , Hutchens Thomas C.
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on the formation of gold islands on silica substrates via dewetting, for use as etching masks for anti-reflective structured surface fabrication, and corresponding analysis of optical transmission spectra of the gold masks.
Improved Color Purity with Red-Green-Yellow Quantum Dots and Blue Resonant Cavity Micro-LEDs for High-Resolution Full Color Displays
Authors: Huang Wei-Ta , Lee Tzu-Yi , Miao Wen-Chien , Hung Yu-Ying , Hong Yu-Heng , Lin Chien-Chung , Chen Fang-Chung , Lin Chia-Feng , Chang Shu-Wei , Kuo Hao-Chung
Published: September 2024

Our research presents a 12 μm RC-μ-LED design using quantum dots for vibrant, full-color displays, overcoming InGaN RGB micro-LEDs' limitations and offering high resolution, brightness, and color accuracy for advanced digital applications.
Graphene-Inserted Metal-Slot-Added Si Waveguide Photodetector with a Large Responsivity
Authors: Lee Jungwoo , Seo Jihoon , Kwon Min-Suk
Published: September 2024

We experimentally investigate a graphene-inserted metal-slot-added Si waveguide photodetector, which has feature sizes larger than 200 nm. The 15-μm-long photodetector exhibits an ultra-high responsivity of 8.09 A/W with a bias voltage of 1 V applied.
Coupled Mode Theory Fitting of Bragg Grating Spectra Obtained with 3D FDTD Method
Authors: Rahimof Y. , Nechepurenko I. A. , Mahani M. R. , Wicht A.
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on accurately fit of the main and side lobes of reflectance obtained through precise 3D FDTD simulations using coupled-mode-theory. This approach based on surrogate modeling reduces the reliance on time-consuming FDTD simulations.
Laser driven white light generation with specially shaped phosphor
Authors: Kyrginas D. , Ledru G. , Canale L. , Zissis G.
Published: September 2024

In this work, two types of phosphors, a flat surface and a curved surface, are simulated with LightTools software to show that the introduction of curvature on the material can help with heat accumulation and light generation in laser driven phosphor conversion applications.
Topology Optimization for Layer-Conforming and Multi-Etch Integrated Photonic Processes
Authors: Probst Michael J. , Slaby Joel B. , Khurana Arjun , Agarwal Prankush , Ralph Stephen E.
Published: September 2024

We present a novel constraint for a topology optimization paradigm to produce devices compatible with multi-etch processes and multi-layer processes with unintended conformal layering. We experimentally validate this technique on a commercial silicon photonics process.
Slow Light Enhanced On-chip Stimulated Brillouin Scattering
Authors: Xu Mingyu , Lei Peng , Bai Yunhui , Chen Zhangyuan , Xie Xiaopeng
Published: September 2024

We report slow-light enhancement of stimulated Brillouin scattering on SOI for the fisrt time. With suspended Bragg grating structure, the device achieve a 2.1-fold of Brillouin gain coeffiecient.
Investigation of Polymer Waveguide Splitters for Co-packaged Optics using External Laser Sources
Authors: Rasel Md Omar Faruk , Suda Satoshi , Noriki Akihiro , Nakamura Fumi , Amano Takeru
Published: September 2024

We present polymer-based 1×4 Y-splitters with tapered and S-bend waveguides on the glass-epoxy substrate and characterize the optical properties of these splitters using O-band wavelengths and external laser source (ELS) with high optical power exceeding +20 dBm.
10% Component Efficiency of Fully Integrated and Oxide Embedded Photonic Crystal Cavity
Authors: Anik Maakbul H. K. , Jeong Heijun , Rahim Masudur , Xiao Yahui , Gu Tingyi
Published: September 2024

We demonstrated low insertion loss fully integrated photonic crystal cavity with on-chip metalens coupling, with experimentally measured total quality factor of 104.
An intelligent inverse design algorithm for ultra-compact integrated photonic devices
Authors: Li Mingzhe , Wang Tong , Zhang Yi , Shen Yulin , Yang Jie , Xin Ming
Published: September 2024

A novel intelligent inverse design algorithm is proposed and used to design a low-loss 90-degree bending waveguide with a footprint of 2 µm×2 µm, and a 3.5 µm×3.5 µm high-extinction-ratio wavelength-division multiplexer.
Power-efficient Metasurface Thermal Emitter for Mid-IR Gas Sensing Application
Authors: Zhang Yuanrong , Gupta Prince , Liu Deming , Zheng Shuang , Yan Max , Zhang Minming
Published: September 2024

We propose a narrow band, power-efficient, cost-effective and on-chip mid-infrared source (at≈6.0 m) for gas sensing applications. Combined an optimized microelectromechanical system heater with a metal-insulator-metal metasurface emitter, the source works successfully.
The Enhanced mid-IR Responsivity and The Hot Carrier Dynamics in Metal-Silicon Interface
Authors: Su Zih-Chun , Dong Yao-Han , Lin Ching-Fuh
Published: September 2024

In this work, we achieved a high-speed (< 10-6 s) and broad-spectrum silicon-based photodetector covering visible to mid-infrared light by enhancing the hot carrier mechanism through localized surface plasmon resonance in nano scaled metal.
Integrate-and-Fire Neural Network Based Microrings and Van Der Waals Heterostructures for Supervised Learning
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Jiang Ning , Hu Gang , Li Anran , Zhang Yiqun , Cao Yongsheng , Qiu Kun
Published: September 2024

We propose an integrate-and-fire neural network employing microrings and van der Waals heterostructures. The network facilitates multi-wavelength weighting operations through microrings-based arrays and incorporates nonlinear activation via non-volatile flash memory, subsequently completing supervised learning tasks.
High Q-factor Nanobeams in Polycrystalline Diamond
Authors: Moraes F. C. D. , Pinho P. V. , Kersul C. M. , Mandal S. , Willians O. A. , Wiederhecker G. S. , Alegre T. P. M.
Published: September 2024

We report the fabrication of optomechanical nanobeams in polycrystalline diamond films with optical quality factor of 7.7 × 103, which is the highest achieved value for such platform.
Wafer-Scale Photonic Parameter Extraction
Authors: Butt Jordan N. , Tyndall Nathan F. , Pruessner Marcel W. , Miller Benjamin L. , Fahrenkopf Nicholas M. , Antohe Alin O. , Stievater Todd H.
Published: September 2024

Wafer-scale variation of waveguide dimensions and refractive index determine the fabrication yield and design tolerances of photonic integrated circuits. We describe a technique to accurately measure the statistical properties of these parameters for dielectric waveguides.
BEOL Post-processing of Phase Change Material in Commercial Foundry Silicon Photonics
Authors: Adya Uthkarsh , Sturm Daniel , Chen Rui , Majumdar Arka , Li Mo , Moazeni Sajjad
Published: September 2024

We demonstrate the first-ever electrically programmable PCM device that is monolithically integrated in a commercial foundry silicon photonics. Initial results show 0.3 dB/µm of amplitude switching contrast using a thin layer of GST.