bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AKTIVITAS AMILASE, LIPASE DAN PROTEASE DARI CACING Peryonix excavatus
Authors: Asnani Ari , Lestari Puji
Published: February 2017

The ability of Peryonix excavatus to live in extremely dirty area indicates that P. excavatus secretes distinctive enzymes which might be useful for industry. Thus, this research were aimed to isolate amylase, lipase and protease from P. excavatus, and to characterize the enzymes to know the optimum temperature and pH. The isolation procedure consisted of extraction and ammonium sulphate fractionation. The results showed that crude extract and ammonium sulphate fractions of P.excavatus had amylase, lipase, and protease enzymes activities. Among the three enzymes, amylase had the highest enzymatic activity whereas lipase was the least. The optimum temperature of amylase, lipase and protease were 60, 40, and 60 oC, respectively. The optimum pH of amylase, lipase and protease were 7, 7, and 8, respectively.
OPTIMASI PENURUNAN NILAI BOD, COD DAN TSS LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAPIOKA MENGGUNAKAN ARANG AKTIF DARI AMPAS KOPI
Authors: Irmanto Irmanto , Suyata Suyata
Published: February 2017

Activated carbon from coffee dregs for TSS, BOD and COD removal of tapioca industrial wastewater has been developed. The research aimed to know the quality of activated carbon from dregs of coffee as adsorbent, consist of total rendemen, water content, ashes content and iodium adsorption; to know about the optimum contact time and optimum pH from activated carbon on reducing BOD, COD and TSS value from tapioca industrial wastewater and also to know about the decrease percentage of BOD, COD and TSS value using activated carbon from dregs of coffee. Activated carbon from dregs of coffee are activated using HCl 0,1 N and carbonization at 350°C in muffle furnace. Then, activated carbon was contacted with the tapioca industrial wastewater and used on decreasing BOD, COD and TSS value from tapioca industrial wastewater with contact time varieties 0, 10, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes and at pH varieties of wastewater 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. The decreasing of BOD value was measured by Winkler method, decreasing of COD value measured by iodometric method and decreasing of TSS value measured by gravimetric method. The result of the research showed that the activated carbon produced characteristic consist of rendemen 14,55%; water content 3,4%; ashes content 1,88% and iodium adsorption 750,25 mg/g. It is indicated that the activated carbon that is got from dregs of coffee fulfill the criteria required by SNI No. 06-3730-1995. The result of research also showed that the activated carbon from dregs of coffee could be used for reducing the BOD, COD and TSS value in tapioca industrial wastewater at the optimum contact time of 30 minutes and pH 7. The optimum percentage of activated carbon from dregs of coffee in decreasing BOD value of tapioca industrial wastewater are 33,51%; COD value 78,96% and TSS value 61,05%.
KONSTRUKSI MUTAN PROTEIN FOSFATASE ptc2D Saccharomyces cerevisiae DENGAN METODE PENGGANTIAN GEN TARGET DENGAN POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah
Published: February 2017

Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent model to studi genes function of eukarotic cells such as study of gene encoding protein phosphatase PTC2. Novel phenotypic caused by mutated gene is an important step to study function of gene. In this study constructed mutant of PTC2 gene encoding protein phosphatase. Method that used in this construction was replacement of target gene (PTC2) with auxotroph marker Candida albicans HIS3 by Polymer Chain Reaction (PCR) or called by PCR-mediated disruption. Mutant colonies which grew in selective medium SC without histidine were confirmed by PCR amplification. By using 1% Agarose gel electrophoresis the result showed that size of ptc2D::CgHIS3 transformant was 3.52 kb while wild type strain was 2.9 kb, indicated thatptc2D::CgHIS3 has integrated on chromosome V replacing PTC2 wild type.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK DAUN KALBA (Albizia falcataria) DENGAN METODE DPPH(1,1-Difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDERNYA Undri Rastuti* dan Purwati
Authors: Rastuti Undri , Purwati Purwati
Published: February 2017

Telah dilakukan penelitian uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun kalba pada pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat dan metanol serta mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa metabolit sekundernya. Hasil maserasi diperoleh ekstrak n-heksana (E1), etil asetat (E2) dan metanol (E3) daun kalba berbentuk pasta dengan rendemen masing-masing ekstrak adalah 2,49, 5,08 dan 5,32% (b/b). Uji aktivitas antioksidan E1, E2, E3 memiliki nilai ES50 masing-masing sebesar 1338,758, 473,756 dan 264,519 ppm. Ekstrak metanol daun kalba memilki aktivitas antioksidan paling tinggi. Uji senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak metanol daun kalba menunjukkan senyawa metabolit sekunder golongan terpenoid, flavonoid dan fenolat. Hasil analisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis menunjukkan adanya gugus kromofor C=C dan hasil analisis menggunakan spektrofotometer IR menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun kalba memiliki gugus fungsi O-H, C-H alifatik, C=C alkena dan C=C aromatic.
KAJIAN IKATAN HIDROGEN DAN KRISTALINITAS KITOSAN DALAM PROSES ADSORBSI ION LOGAM PERAK (Ag)
Authors: C. Purnawan. C. Purnawan. , A.H. Wibowo A.H. Wibowo , Samiyatun Samiyatun
Published: February 2017

Telah dilakukan kajian tentang ikatan hidrogen inter dan intramolekuler kitosan yang dapat menyebabkan perubahan keteraturan dan tingkat kristalinitas polimer kitosan akibat masuknya ion logam Ag ke dalam polimer kitosan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masuknya ion logam Ag ke dalam polimer kitosan dapat mempengaruhi mempengaruhi ikatan hidrogen inter dan intramolekuler sehingga menyebabkan perubahan keteraturan dan tingkat kristalinitas polimer kitosan. Kristalinitas kitosan meningkat hingga perbandingan Ag/kitosan = 0.25/100 (b/b). Setelah perbandingan Ag/kitosan lebih besar dari 0.25/100 (b/b), kristalinitas kitosan menurun.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI SENYAWA OKSOTRINUKLIR [Cr3O(OOCC6H5)6(H2O)3](NO3)×nH2O
Authors: Lesbani Aldes , Mohadi Risfidian
Published: February 2017

Senyawa oksotrinuklir telah disintesis menggunakan kromium nitrat dan asam benzoat dalam etanol pada temperatur 80 oC selama 1 jam.Kristal senyawa oksotrinuklir hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR, 1H NMR padat, X-Ray Difraktometer, TGA, dan MS dengan teknik ionisasi dingin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa oksotrinuklir mempunyai vibrasi yang khas pada bilangan gelombang 671 cm-1(ν Cr3-O). Identifikasi dengan spektrometer massa dalam asetonitril sebagai pelarut menunjukkan fragmentasi pada m/z: 1021.83 [Cr3O(OOCC6H5)6(MeCN)3]+, 998,80 [Cr3O(OOCC6H5)6(MeCN)2(H2O)]+, 980,79 [Cr3O(OOCC6H5)6(MeCN)2]+, 939,73 [Cr3O(OOCC6H5)6(MeCN)]+. Puncak yang lebar dan besar pada spektrum 1H NMR menunjukkan bahwa kromium yang bersifat paramagnetic di dalam senyawa. Pola XRD menunjukkan bahwa senyawa oksotrinuklir adalah kristalin dan hasil termogravimetri menunjukkan senyawa oksotrinuklir stabil sampai suhu 174 oC dan mempunyai 5 mol air kristal. Dari hasil karakterisasi FTIR,1H NMR, XRD, TGA, dan MS dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa yang terbentuk adalah  [Cr3O(OOCC6H5)6(H2O)3](NO3)×5H2O.
POTENSI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI BUAH KEMLOKO (Phyllanthus emblica L.) SEBAGAI SUMBER ANTIOKSIDAN
Authors: Suzery Meiny , Agustina Isnaning Citra , Cahyono Bambang
Published: February 2017

Tanaman KemLoko (Phyllanthus emblica L.) merupakan tanaman yang sering digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan obat tradisional. Aktivitas biologis tanaman tersebut diduga disebabkan oleh keberadaan senyawa-senyawa kelompok fenolat, terutama golongan flavonoid. Riset mengenai analisis kandungan senyawa fenolat, flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak beserta fraksi-fraksi dari buah kemLoko dari Kabupaten Kendal, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia, untuk pertama kalinya dilaporkan pada publikasi ini. Buah kemLoko kering dimaserasi dalam  metanol, diikuti partisi dengan gradien pelarut sehingga diperoleh fraksi n-heksana, fraksi diklorometana, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi air. Analisis fenolat total, flavonoid total dan aktivitas peredaman radikal DPPH dilakukan terhadap ekstrak atau fraksi yang menunjukan test positif fenolat dan flavonoid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksin-heksana dan fraksi diklorometana negatif pada uji fenolat dan flavonoid. Kandungan fenolat total ekstrak metanol, fraksi etil asetat dan  fraksi air berturut turut adalah 351, 436 dan 111 mg ekuaivalen asam galat/g ekstrak atau fraksi, sedangkan flavonoid total berturut-turut 200, 216  dan 70 mg ekuivalen quercetin/g ekstrak atau fraksi. Aktivitas antioksidan ketiga sampel uji tersebut memiliki IC50 berkisar 58,4 sampai 120,9. Fraksi etil asetat merupakan sampel uji yang paling aktif sebagai antioksidan, selain memiliki kadar  fenolat total dan flavonoid total tertinggi.
Dielectric properties of zinc sulfide concentrate during the roasting at microwave frequencies
Authors: He Guangjun , Li Shiwei , Yang Kun , Liu Jian , Liu Peng , Zhang Libo , Peng Jinhui
Published: February 2017

Microwave technology has a potential application in the extraction of zinc from sulphide ores, knowledge of the dielectric properties of these ores plays a major role in the microwave design and simulation for any process. The dielectric properties of zinc sulfide concentrate for two different apparent densities—1.54 and 1.63 g/cm3—have been measured by using the resonance cavity perturbation technique at 915 and 2450 MHz during the roasting process for the temperature ranging from room temperature to 850 °C. The variations of dielectric constant, the dielectric loss factor, the dielectric loss tangent and the penetration depth with the temperature, frequency and apparent density have been investigated numerically. The results indicate that the dielectric constant increases as the temperature increases and temperature has a pivotal effect on the dielectric constant, while the dielectric loss factor has a complicated change and all of the temperature, frequency and apparent density have a significant impact to dielectric loss factor. Zinc sulfide concentrate is high loss material from 450 to 800 °C on the basis of theoretical analyses of dielectric loss tangent and penetration depth, its ability of absorbing microwave energy would be enhanced by increasing the apparent density as well. The experimental results also have proved that zinc sulfide concentrate is easy to be heated by microwave energy from 450 to 800 °C. In addition, the experimental date of dielectric constant and loss factor can be fitted perfectly by Boltzmann model and Gauss model, respectively.
Dielectric Properties of Zinc Sulfide Concentrate during the Roasting at Microwave Frequencies
Authors: He Guangjun , Li Shiwei , Yang Kun , Liu Jian , Liu Peng , Zhang Libo , Peng Jinhui
Published: February 2017

Microwave technology has a potential application in the extraction of zinc from sulphide ores, knowledge of the dielectric properties of these ores plays a major role in the microwave design and simulation for any process. The dielectric properties of zinc sulfide concentrate for two different apparent densities—1.54 and 1.63 g/cm3—have been measured by using the resonance cavity perturbation technique at 915 and 2450 MHz during the roasting process for the temperature ranging from room temperature to 850 °C. The variations of dielectric constant, the dielectric loss factor, the dielectric loss tangent and the penetration depth with the temperature, frequency and apparent density have been investigated numerically. The results indicate that the dielectric constant increases as the temperature increases and temperature has a pivotal effect on the dielectric constant, while the dielectric loss factor has a complicated change and all of the temperature, frequency and apparent density have a significant impact to dielectric loss factor. Zinc sulfide concentrate is high loss material from 450 to 800 °C on the basis of theoretical analyses of dielectric loss tangent and penetration depth, its ability of absorbing microwave energy would be enhanced by increasing the apparent density as well. The experimental results also have proved that zinc sulfide concentrate is easy to be heated by microwave energy from 450 to 800 °C. In addition, the experimental date of dielectric constant and loss factor can be fitted perfectly by Boltzmann model and Gauss model, respectively.
Parent-Centered Prevention of Risky Behaviors Among Hispanic Youths in Florida
Authors: Estrada Yannine , Lee Tae Kyoung , Huang Shi , Tapia Maria I. , Velázquez Maria-Rosa , Martinez Marcos J. , Pantin Hilda , Ocasio Manuel A. , Vidot Denise C. , Molleda Lourdes , Villamar Juan , Stepanenko Bryan A. , Brown C. Hendricks , Prado Guillermo
Published: February 2017

Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness of an evidence-based, parent-centered intervention, Familias Unidas, delivered by nonresearch personnel, in preventing substance use (alcohol, illicit drugs) and sex without a condom among Hispanic adolescents.

Methods. A randomized controlled trial (n = 746) evaluated the effectiveness of Familias Unidas among Hispanic eighth graders (age range = 12–16 years), relative to prevention as usual, within a public school system. School personnel, including social workers and mental health counselors, were trained to deliver the evidence-based intervention. Participant recruitment, intervention delivery, and follow-up ran from September 2010 through June 2014 in Miami–Dade County, Florida.

Results. Familias Unidas was effective in preventing drug use from increasing and prevented greater increases in sex without a condom 30 months after baseline, relative to prevention as usual. Familias Unidas also had a positive impact on family functioning and parental monitoring of peers at 6 months after baseline.

Conclusions. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of a parent-centered preventive intervention program in preventing risky behaviors among Hispanic youths. Findings highlight the feasibility of training nonresearch personnel on effectively delivering a manualized intervention in a real-world setting.
Swem Library Engages William & Mary Faculty, Staff on Trip to D.C.
Authors: Back Tami C.
Published: February 2017

Before sunrise on February 28, nearly 30 William & Mary faculty, staff, and librarians boarded a bus for Washington, D.C. The destination of the bus was the Library of Congress, where participants had the opportunity to tour the library, obtain library cards, conduct research, and meet with librarians with knowledge in their disciplines. Swem Library and the W&M Washington Office partnered to offer the trip to the campus community.
In the Digital Age, Preserving the Print of the Past
Authors: Connolly John
Published: February 2017

For the past 20 years, a project at the Library of Virginia in Richmond has been laboring to find and preserve a form of media communication that has been waning: Virginia’s newspapers. Under a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), the Virginia Newspaper Project (VNP) was established at the Library of Virginia in 1993 and continues its work today though it has evolved in order to take full advantage of the latest technology.
President’s Column
Authors: Smith Kevin
Published: February 2017

It has been almost two months since our annual conference as I write my first President’s Column for the Virginia Library Association’s quarterly journal. It is easy to feel overwhelmed since the president’s responsibilities begin the second the gavel is passed. However, behind every successful president is a very well organized chief of staff, and mine is Executive Director Lisa Varga.
Segregation Analysis of SSR, SNP, and AFLP Markers in F2 Population of Solanum lycopersicum × S. arcanum (Analisis Segregasi Marka SSR, SNP, dan AFLP pada Populasi F2 Persilangan Solanum lycopersicum × S. arcanum)
Authors: Chaerani Chaerani , Voorrips R. E.
Published: February 2017

Distorted marker segregation is a common phenomenon in interspecific cross of various crops. Previous mapping study of early
blight fungus (Alternaria solani) resistance loci showed 52% marker distortion in the genetic linkage map of 176 F2 progenies
derived from Solanum lycopersicum cv. Solentos × S. arcanum LA2157. The objectives of this study were to analyze in detail the
marker segregation in the map and to determine the cause of segregation distortion by calculating the allele and genotype
frequencies of each marker. Out of 371 mapped markers, 192 markers deviated from the expected Mendelian ratio of 1 : 2 : 1.
Distorted markers occurred in all chromosomes, ranging from 1% to 92%. Surplus of S. arcanum homozygotes contributed most
to the skewness (40%), followed by heterozygotes (18%), and S. lycopersicum homozygotes (5%). The allele frequencies of 152
markers deviated from the expected allele homogeneity frequency, indicating that their segregation might be affected by
gamethophytic selection. Sixty-one markers deviated from the expected F2 genotype frequency distribution, indicating that their
segregation might be influenced by zygotic selection. Thirty-seven of the distorted markers showed deviation from expected
frequencies of allele homogeneity and F2 genotype frequency distribution. Distorted markers can be retained in linkage analysis
since chromosomal regions containing distorted markers showed linkage with early blight fungus resistance loci. Further
identification of the mechanism contributing segregation distortion requires detailed and extensive mapping studies.
Pembentukan Pustaka Genom, Resekuensing, dan Identifikasi SNP Berdasarkan Sekuen Genom Total Genotipe Kedelai Indonesia
Authors: Tasma I Made , Satyawan Dani , Rijzaani Habib
Published: February 2017

Resequencing of the soybean genome facilitates SNP marker discoveries useful for supporting the national soybean breeding
programs. The objectives of the present study were to construct soybean genomic libraries, to resequence the whole genome of
five Indonesian soybean genotypes, and to identify SNPs based on the resequence data. The studies consisted of genomic
library construction and quality analysis, resequencing the whole-genome of five soybean genotypes, and genome-wide SNP
identification based on alignment of the resequence data with reference sequence, Williams 82. The five Indonesian soybean
genotypes were Tambora, Grobogan, B3293, Malabar, and Davros. The results showed that soybean genomic library was
successfully constructed having the size of 400 bp with library concentrations range from 21.2–64.5 ng/μl. Resequencing of the
libraries resulted in 50.1 x 109 bp total genomic sequence. The quality of genomic library and sequence data resulted from this
study was high as indicated by Q score of 88.6% with low sequencing error of only 0.97%. Bioinformatic analysis resulted in a
total of 2,597,286 SNPs, 257,598 insertions, and 202,157 deletions. Of the total SNPs identified, only 95,207 SNPs (2.15%) were
located within exons. Among those, 49,926 SNPs caused missense mutation and 1,535 SNPs caused nonsense mutation. SNPs
resulted from this study upon verification will be very useful for genome-wide SNP chip development of the soybean genome to
accelerate breeding program of the soybean.
Pengaruh Hormon Asam Indol Asetat yang Dihasilkan Azospirillum sp. terhadap Perkembangan Akar Padi
Authors: Lestari Puji , Susilowati Dwi N. , Riyanti Eny I.
Published: February 2017

Free-living bacteria of the
genus Azospirillum live in close association with rice roots.
This bacteria produced indole acetic acid (IAA), a plant
growth hormon, to the environment. IAA was isolated from
cultures of Azospirillum strains and investigated for its effect
on root development and plant height of rice variety IR64 in
vitro. Rice cultures of variety IR64 were grown in vitro and
inoculated with cultures of Azospirilllum. Production of IAA
by the bacterium during its growth period in rice culture medium
containing different levels of nitrogen was observed.
Results of the experiment showed that strains Azospirillum
Az15 and Az44 had a high ability to produce IAA, i.e., 57.93
μg/ml at 12 days after incubation (DAI) and 40.42 μg/ml at 7
DAI, respectively. The IAA production pattern of Azospirillum
Az15 and Az44 in the liquid medium were fluctuative
until the end of the incubation period, while that of the strain
Az7 was linier. Strain Az7 gave a better effect on the root
development and plant height than strains Az15 and Az44.
Treatment combination of strain Az7 and 100% nitrogen gave
highest root development. High level of nitrogen increased
IAA content in the uninoculated culture, while low IAA
content on the inoculated one. Inoculation the culture with
strain Az7 together with 50% nitrogen application resulted in
the IAA content, root dry weight, root length, fiber root number,
and plant height as high as those on cultures containing
100% nitrogen (1 mM NH4NO3) without inoculation. Inoculation
of rice culture with Azospirillum is expected to reduce
nitrogen application on rice IR64 by the IAA production as
indicated by significant changes in the root growth and
development. A higher concentrations of IAA tend to give
better effects on the root growth and development of rice
IR64.
Development and Characterization of F2 Population for Molecular Mapping of Aluminum-Toxicity Tolerant QTL in Soybean
Authors: Tasma I Made , Warsun Ahmad , Asadi Asadi
Published: February 2017

Keracunan aluminium merupakan salah satu
kendala utama dalam budidaya kedelai pada lahan masam.
Pembentukan populasi F2 merupakan langkah awal yang
menentukan keberhasilan program pemuliaan tanaman. Tujuan
penelitian ini untuk membentuk dan mengkarakterisasi
populasi F2 hasil persilangan tetua toleran dan tetua peka
keracunan Al. Pembentukan populasi dilakukan menggunakan
bantuan marka SSR. Dengan marka SSR populasi dapat
dibentuk dengan cepat, akurat, dan efisien. Skrining genotipa
kedelai pada tanah masam kahat hara menghasilkan dua
genotipa toleran dan dua peka. Empat persilangan tunggal
dibuat untuk mendapatkan benih F1. Tanaman F1 dan F2 diidentifikasi
menggunakam marka SSR Satt_070. Dua populasi
(B3462 X B3293 dan B3462 X B3442) dipilih berdasarkan
superiotas fenotipa pada lahan masam dan karakteristik molekuler
pasangan tetua. Karakterisasi kedua populasi di lapang
menunjukkan transgresiveness luas untuk karakter reproduksi
seperti jumlah polong dan berat 100 biji. Ini mengindikasikan
bahwa karakter penting lain selain karakter ketahanan
terhadap keracunan Al potensial untuk dipetakan
dari populasi ini. Metoda pembentukan populasi ini akan sangat
bermanfaat bagi pemulia tanaman khususnya pemulia
kedelai untuk meningkatkan efisiensi program pemuliaan
ketahanan terhadap keracunan Al.
Development of GAL4/VP16 Facilitated-enhancer Trap System for Rice Crop Improvement
Authors: Kurniati Sri , Kilian Andrzej
Published: February 2017

Pengembangan Sistem Perangkap Enhancer yang Difasilitasi
oleh Aktivator Transkripsi GAL4/VP16 untuk Perbaikan
Tanaman Padi. Sri Koerniati dan Andrzej Kilian.
Peningkatan produksi padi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan
nasional dilakukan melalui perbaikan tanaman, termasuk
pencarian dan isolasi gen-gen baru melalui mutasi. Aplikasi
berbagai sekuen mutagen, elemen loncat atau T-DNA, didukung
dengan teknik PCR merupakan perdekatan yang lebih
baik dibandingkan dengan metode klasik. Perangkap enhancer
adalah sistem yang dikembangkan untuk mengatasi
masalah rendahnya tingkat perolehan mutan, akibat banyak
gen berfungsi sama atau satu gen berfungsi pada beberapa
tingkat perkembangan tanaman. Sistem ini mampu menampilkan
ekspresi pada jaringan tertentu (spatial) dan atau
pada waktu tertentu (temporal) pada tanaman hemizigot
(hemizygous plants). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengembangkan
vector cassette perangkap enhancer dengan
komponen utama aktivator transkripsi GAL4/VP16 dan dua
gen reporter (gus dan gusPlus), dan (2) memperoleh informasi
tentang ekspresinya pada padi. Sepuluh vector diperoleh
dan ditransformasikan ke kalus padi Nipponbare dan
Millin dengan Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Kajian vektor
melalui ekspresi gen reporter diamati pada kalus 3 hari
setelah co-cultivation dan jaringan vegetatif dari 745 lini
penangkap enhancer. Sembilan puluh lima persen nomor
memiliki ekspresi dan persentase lebih tinggi daripada yang
telah dilaporkan sebelumnya. Lini dengan vektor GAL4/VP16
delesi tidak memiliki ekspresi pada kalus dan jaringan vegetatif,
walaupun hasil Southern Blot menunjukkan tanaman
ini memiliki dua T-DNA. Tiga puluh dua persen lini gusPlus
memiliki ekspresi yang kuat, sedangkan 30% berekspresi
lemah dibandingkan dengan masing-masing 12% dan 47%
untuk lini gus. Lini gusPlus juga tersebar pada lebih banyak
pola ekspresi. Jumlah insersi pada lini perangkap enhancer
berkisar antara 1-7 T-DNA dan 49% di antaranya memiliki
satu T-DNA. gusPlus merupakan gen reporter yang lebih
sensitif daripada gus dan GAL4/VP16 terbukti berfungsi.
Genetic Mapping of SSR Markers in Eight Soybean Chromosomes Based on F2 Population B3462 x B3293
Authors: Tasma I Made , Warsun Ahmad , Satyawan Dani , Pardal Saptowo Jumali , Slamet Slamet
Published: February 2017

Genetic Mapping of SSR Markers in Eight Soybean
Chromosomes Based on F2 Population B3462 x B3293. I
Made Tasma, Ahmad Warsun, Dani Satyawan, Saptowo
J. Pardal, and Slamet. Aluminum toxicity is one of the main
contrains for cultivating soybean in acid soils. Genetic
Hak Cipta © 2011, BB-Biogen
mapping of SSR markers is one step for detecting aluminumtoxicity
tolerant QTLs in soybean. Another step is to
phenotype the same population at various aluminum-toxicity
environments. The objectives of this study were to analyze
the segregation of SSR markers in progenies of an F2
population and map the markers in 8 soybean chromosomes.
The F2 population was previously developed by
crossing the Al-tolerant parent B3462 and the Al-sensitive
parent B3293. Polymorphic SSR markers in the parents were
used to PCR amplify DNA of the 100 F2 progenies. PCR
products were separated using agarose or polyacrylamide
gels. A Chi-Square test was done with a null hypothesis that
progenies segregated in a 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. Results showed that
125 SSR markers were polymorphics in the parents. Out of
125 polymorphic markers, 122 were segregated in the
progenies of the F2 population. Among the segregating
markers, 114 were segregated in a 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. Only 8
markers (5.6%) did not follow the 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. One hundred
and nineteen SSR markers were mapped in 8 soybean
chromosomes. These include 18 markers in chromosome
A2, 10 in B1, 16 (C1), 16 (F), 10 (G), 23 (J), 16 (L), and 10 (N).
Total genetic maps covered was 1,194.8 cM with average
map distances between two adjacent markers of 10.7 cM.
Further SSR marker enrichment is required to fill in the gaps
of several chromosomal regions. Genetic maps presented in
this study should be useful for detection of Al-toxicity
tolerant QTLs in soybean.
Combination of Somaclonal Variation and Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement
Authors: Lestari Endang G.
Published: February 2017

Mutation-based
plant improvement, which changes one or a few specific
traits of a cultivar, can contribute to crop improvement.
Tissue culture increases the efficiency of mutagenic
treatment to induce variations. In vitro culture in
combination with induced mutation can speed up the
breeding program by generating variability, followed by
selection and multiplication of the desired genotypes. In
many vegetative propagated crops, mutation induction in
combination with in vitro culture techniques can be the
most effective method for plant improvement. In seed
propagated species, the application of mutation coupled
with doubled haploid systems seems to be highly promising
in crop improvement. This approach speeds up the breeding
program through generation of variability followed by
selection of homozygousity and rapid multiplication of
desired genotypes.
Identifikasi Molekuler Hawar Daun Bakteri (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) dan Uji Patogenisitasnya pada Galur-galur Padi Isogenik
Authors: Tasliah Tasliah , Mahrup Mahrup , Prasetiyono Joko
Published: February 2017

Identification of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.
oryzae (Xoo) based on molecular analysis has been
introduced just few years ago. This method used some
specific primers for Xoo and can be done quickly. The
purposes of this research were to identify isolate Xoo
originated from five locations in Indonesia and to determine
the level of pathogenicity of these bacteria. Studies were
conducted in the greenhouse and the Molecular Biology
Laboratory of ICABIOGRAD, from 2011 to 2012. Bacterial
isolates were taken from five regions in Indonesia, namely:
West Sumatra, West Java, Central Java, South Sulawesi, and
West Kalimantan. The specific primers of Xoo were
Xoo2967, Xoo80, and Xoo. Results showed that 216 isolates
could be grown to form yellow colored colonies, which
belongs to a criterian for Xoo. Molecular analysis
demonstrated that 189 isolates were Xoo and 27 isolates
were not. Amplification of DNA of the isolates resulted a 337
bp PCR product for primer Xoo2976, 700 bp for primer
Xoo80 and 534 bp for primer Xoo. Pathogenicity tests of the
Xoo isolates showed xa5, Xa7, and Xa21 resistance genes
were still effective againts BLB pathogens originated from
those five regions, with percentage of resistance were 93.57,
77.49, and 85.37%, respectively.
Are Basic School Head Teachers Transformational Leaders? Views of Teachers
Authors: Asare Kwame Bediako
Published: February 2017

Transformational leadership practice is associated with improved school functioning and quality education delivery through teacher commitment and willingness to exceed targets or educational benchmarks (Balyer, 2012; Nedelcu, 2013).  The establishment of the  Leadership for Learning (LFL) program in Ghana in 2009 aimed at improving the effectiveness of basic school head teachers to better lead schools to promote student learning.  In this study, the perceptions of basic school teachers as to the transformational leadership conduct of head teachers who had received training under the LFL model were collected and reviewed.  The purpose of this qualitative inquiry was to determine from teachers’ perceptions how the conduct of head teachers related to transformational leadership.  From the study results, the findings indicated that while teachers largely perceived their head teachers as transformational leaders, more than the influence of head teachers is required to motivate teachers to give of themselves to improve education outcomes. Recommendations and implications of the study for practice and research were considered.
Diretriz metodológica para estudos de avaliação econômica de tecnologias em saúde no Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Rodrigo , Neyeloff Jeruza , Itria Alexander , Santos Vania Cristina , Vianna Cid , Silva Everton , Elias Flávia , Wichmann Roberta , Souza Kathiaja , Cruz Luciane , Azeredo-da-Silva André Luis
Published: February 2017

Objetivos: Resumir os principais pontos da Diretriz de Avaliação Econômica em Saúde (AES) do Ministério da Saúde. Métodos: As diretrizes para AES no Brasil foram desenvolvidas por intermédio de múltiplas rodadas de trabalho iterativas por grupo multidisciplinar de especialistas em economia da saúde e foram submetidas à consulta pública. Resultados: O problema deve ser definido por meio de uma questão de pesquisa estruturada. O estudo pode ser baseado em dados primários ou em modelagem, em que o primeiro aumenta a validade interna dos resultados e o segundo, a capacidade de generalização do estudo. Quando o trabalho for baseado em modelagem e focado em doença crônica, o modelo de Markov pode ser usualmente empregado, quando não houver necessidades que apontem para simulação de eventos discretos (como competição dos indivíduos por recursos escassos) ou modelos de transmissão dinâmica (em vacinação e/ou doenças infecciosas com alta transmissão entre indivíduos). O horizonte temporal preferencial é o de tempo de vida, e a taxa de desconto padrão é de 5% para custo e efetividade. Os custos devem representar a perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), podendo ser estimados por macrocusteio ou microcusteio. Sempre que possível, os resultados devem ser apresentados no formato de custo por ano de vida salvo ajustado para qualidade, para facilitar comparações com outros estudos. Análises de sensibilidade devem ser extensamente empregadas, de forma a avaliar o impacto da incerteza nos resultados produzidos. Conclusões: Espera-se que, com a padronização da metodologia proposta na Diretriz, a produção de AES no país tenha incremento na sua qualidade e reprodutibilidade.
Análise de custo-efetividade de tocilizumabe como primeira linha de tratamento biológico para pacientes com artrite reumatoide, sob a perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil
Authors: Matsumoto Tatiana , Rufino Camila , Paula Ellen , Alves Marcia
Published: February 2017

Objetivo: A presente avaliação tem como finalidade determinar o custo-efetividade do tratamento de tocilizumabe em monoterapia como primeira linha de tratamento biológico em pacientes com artrite reumatoide (AR), sob a perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil (SUS). Método: Foi elaborado um modelo de custo-efetividade com intuito de acompanhar os pacientes em tratamento após a falha de um medicamento modificador do curso da doença MMCD sintético, durante um horizonte de 24 semanas. O cenário-base avaliou a comparação direta de tocilizumabe versus adalimumabe, devido à existência de um estudo head-to-head. O cenário secundário avaliou tocilizumabe versus certolizumabe pegol e etanercepte indiretamente, por meio de uma metanálise de comparação indireta, devido à ausência de estudos head-to-head. A estimativa de custos médicos diretos totais para o tratamento de AR foi elaborada por opinião de especialistas e coletada de bases de dados secundárias. Resultados: O resultado do cenário-base do modelo evidenciou ganhos em efetividade com menor custo de tratamento, resultando em uma razão de custo-efetividade incremental (RCEI) dominante. O resultado do cenário secundário, comparação indireta, indicou que tocilizumabe foi mais eficaz que seus comparadores, sugerindo necessidade de investimento quando comparado a certolizumabe, que pode variar entre R$ 1.449,46 e R$ 18.934,62, e uma RCEI dominante quando comparado a etanercepte. Conclusão: A presente análise conclui que a monoterapia com tocilizumabe possui benefícios clínicos e econômicos no tratamento de AR, em pacientes que não podem manter a terapia com MMCD sintéticos e oferece alternativas aos sistemas de saúde no que se refere à alocação de recursos para sustentabilidade do sistema.
Shape of Time Domain Reflectometry Signals during the Passing of Wetting Fronts
Authors: Germann Peter F.
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas

Precise wetting front arrival times can be determined from local TDR readings.

Wetting shock fronts due to preferential flow are sharp.

This approach uses the control volume with two‐rod TDR probes as the longitudinal axis.

Estimates of preferential flow rates follow from this approach.

Viscous flow theory expects sharp wetting shock fronts during infiltration in permeable media, but time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurements, using horizontally installed two‐rod probes, reveal concave and convex increases at the early and late stages during the passing of the front, i.e., the TDR signals are S‐shaped. Wetting front dispersal was initially considered as the cause, due to variations in the flow path lengths at the profile scale. However, later studies favored processes that are closer to the scale of the TDR control volume. In this study, an approach was developed that quantifies the shape of TDR signals exclusively with local features. It improves the determination of the arrival time of a wetting shock front at the depth of a TDR probe, and it ultimately supports the notion of sharp wetting shock fronts at the scale of the probe's length that evolve during preferential infiltration.
STEFAN BŁACHOWSKI WŚRÓD ZAWIERUCHY WIELKIEJ WOJNY
Authors: STACHOWSKI RYSZARD
Published: February 2017

Treścią artykułu jest życie i początek działalności naukowej Stefana Błachowskiego (1889–1962), ważnej postaci w historii polskiej psychologii w mrocznych latach Wielkiej Wojny, a także opis przeszkód, jakie musiał pokonać na drodze do doktoratu u Georga Müllera w Getyndze. Akademicką pracę naukową Błachowskiego dwukrotnie przerywał obowiązek służby wojskowej. Omówiona szczegółowo w artykule główna rozprawa naukowa Błachowskiego na temat nastawień i spostrzeżeń, choć napisana w niesprzyjających warunkach wojennych, nie straciła na aktualności.
WILHELM WUNDT: ZUR LAGE
Authors: WUNDT WILHELM
Published: February 2017

Unter dem bekannten Aufruf des UnabhängingenAusschusses zum deutschen Frieden, gegen den wir gezwungenwaren Einspruch zu erheben (Poln. Bl. Nr. 34) befand sich auchder Name W i l h e l m Wu n d t s . Um Aufklärung über dieStellungnahme des grossen Gelehrten zur polnischen Frage zu erlangen,richteten wir an ihn ein diesbezügliches Schreiben. Daraufhatte Se. Exzellenz, der verehrte Verfasser, die Freundlichkeit, unsfolgende Antwort zuzusenden, die wir mit seiner Genehmigungder Öffentlichkeit übermitteln.Schriftleitung der „Polnischen Blätter“.
Trauma Cranioencefálico na Infância
Authors: Pereira Ana Beatriz Calmon
Published: February 2017

O trauma crânio-encefálico (TCE) grave é uma das mais prevalentes causas de morte e de deficiência física. É considerada uma das patologias de maior impacto na qualidade de vida. Mas os principais tipos de lesões são, no parênquima cerebra, cerca de 55% dos casos; contusões cerebrais, 45% a 60% das lesões traumáticas primárias, além de outras lesões intracranianas como o hematoma subdural agudo e hemorragia meníngea traumática. As alterações neuropsicológicas, que podem também aparecer, são numerosas e diversificadas e dependem de fatores como a gravidade do traumatismo, características do dano cerebral e das zonas afetadas (tamanho e localização) e características pré-mórbidas do sujeito. Descrevemos o caso de uma criança de 11 anos, do sexo masculino, residente em Vassouras-RJ, vítima de TCE em atividade de recreação. Na tomografia computadorizada foi evidenciada uma lesão temporo-parietal, com exposição de massa encefálica; presença de focos hemorrágicos; edema difuso e áreas de necrose cerebral. Mas que cursaram com sequelas significativas.
Dor Definitivamente Anginosa e suas Principais Características
Authors: Lopes Tiago De Souza , Gentile Paola Coabianco , De Jesus Torres Ana Gabriela Menezes , De Souza Luana Sara , Da Silva Everton Pimenta , Vilagra Marlon Mohamud
Published: February 2017

A dor torácica pode ser classificada como de origem cardíaca ou não. Dentre as de origem cardíaca, podemos dividi-las ainda em isquêmica ou não-isquêmica. Das dores isquêmicas, a dor definitivamente anginos apresenta clínica característica de uma síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA0. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo, descrever as principais características da dor torácica apresentada pelos pacientes previamente diagnosticados com dor definitivamente anginosa e traçar o perfil clínico da dor apresentada pelo mesmo. Foram analisadas anamneses de 120 pacientes com dor definitivamente anginosa e avaliadas as principais características da dor apresentada, como: localização, irradiação, qualidade da dor, intensidade, duração, fatores desencadeantes e atenuantes. O perfil da dor torácica apresentado pelo paciente se caracteriza predominantemente como uma dor retroesternal, do tipo compressiva, sem irradiação, de intensidade 9-10, em uma escala de zero a dez, com duração maior que 20 minutos, precedida pelo repouso e atenuada com o uso de nitrato.
Mudanças Pedagógicas no Ensino de Semiologia para Discentes de Medicina
Authors: Vilagra Sandra Maria Barroso Werneck , De Oliveira Maria de Fátima Alves
Published: February 2017

As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais apontam para a necessidade de melhorias no contexto das praticas que envolvem o processo de ensino, dessa forma o ensino da semiologia médica precisa também se adequar as novas tendências para o atual contexto de ensino aprendizagem. O presente estudo delineia como objeto as mudanças pedagógicas no ensino de semiologia, traz como objetivo identificar novas estratégias de ensino e novos cenários de pratica medica. Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo cujo cenário foi o Curso de Medicina da Universidade Severino Sombra e os sujeitos envolvidos foram 65 alunos que cursavam o quarto período do curso e que tinham participado do Programa de Aproximação a Prática Médica desde o primeiro período do curso. A coleta de dados se deu por questionário estruturado e os resultados apontaram para a necessidade de continuidade nas mudanças ocorridas o que reforçam as recomendações das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Graduação de Medicina, bem como vem corroborando com as melhorias no contexto das praticas pedagógicas e êxito na disciplina de semiologia medica.
Doenças falciformes: do diagnóstico ao tratamento
Authors: Vieira¹ Ana Paula Rodrigues , De Almeida Larissa Negrão Rebelo
Published: February 2017

A doença falciforme é a enfermidade hereditária mais frequente no Brasil e no mundo, atingindo principalmente pessoasda raça negra. A doença se caracteriza por uma alteração na estrutura da molécula de hemoglobina. Dessa alteração surge ahemoglobina S, que é responsável pelo aparecimento das manifestações clínicas, que podem ser representadas por AcidenteVascular Cerebral, Ulceras de pernas, Infecções, entre outras. O diagnóstico é realizado através de uma triagem que envolveuma série de técnicas sendo que todo resultado positivo deve ser repetido na mesma amostra para fins de confirmação. A partirdai o paciente inicia o acompanhamento ambulatorial visando evitar que ocorram manifestações agravantes da patologia.
Avaliação do uso de corticoide no tratamento da dengue
Authors: Júnior Avelino José Da Silva Freitas
Published: February 2017

A Dengue é uma doença febril causada por quatro sorotipos de um vírus do gênero Flavivirus. Ocorre em praticamente todas as regiões tropicais e subtropicais do planeta, atingindo cerca de 100 milhões de casos todos os anos. Sua apresentação clínica se divide em dengue clássica e dengue hemorrágica, sendo esta uma importante causa de óbitos. O uso de corticóide em seu tratamento é freqüentemente estudado, tendo em vista seu efeito antiinflamatório e imunossupressor, o que agiria exatamente na fisiopatogenia da doença. O presente estudo revisou a literatura acerca dos reais benefícios em incluir essa droga no manejo da fase aguda da dengue. Ao término, concluiu-se a partir da literatura, que não houve melhora significativa quando do uso de corticóides, e que seu uso não deve ser rotineiro.
PENDIDIKAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI: PENTINGKAH UNTUK SEMUA PROFESI?
Authors: Susilaningsih Susilaningsih
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Pendidikan Kewirausahaan di Perguruan Tinggi: Pentingkah untuk Semua Profesi? Pendidikan kewirausahaan sudah dikembangkan hampir di semua perguruan tinggi di Indonesia dengan proses yang sangat bervariasi yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan wirausaha. Wirausaha adalah seseorang yang dengan kreativitasnya menciptakan sesuatu yang memiliki values, baik dalam bentuk tangible maupun intangible. Proses tersebut dapat dilakukan di dalam perusahaan yang diciptakan sendiri maupun di dalam organisasi di mana seseorang bekerja. Tujuan artikel ini adalah mengembangkan pemahaman tentang pentingnya pendidikan kewirausahaan bagi semua profesi yang dihasilkan oleh perguruan tinggi. Artikel ini ditulis berdasarkan pada hasil-hasil penelitian tentang pendidikan kewirausahaan di perguruan tinggi dan kajian literatur yang relevan. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa pendidikan kewirausahaan di perguruan tinggi diperlukan dalam bidang apapun tanpa memperhatikan bidang yang ditekuni atau profesi seseorang. Kata kunci: wirausaha, kreativitas, values. Abstract: Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education: Is that Important for All Profession? Entrepreneurship education has been developed in almost all universities in Indonesia. An entrepreneur is someone who exploits his/her creativity to create something valuable either in the form of tangible or intangible. That process can be carried out in his/her own company or in the organization where someone attached. The purpose of this article is to develop an understanding of the importance of entrepreneurship education for all professions. This study found that that entrepreneurship education in higher education is required in any field of study.Keywords: entrepreneurship, creativity, values
MENANAMKAN NILAI-NILAI ENTREPRENEURSHIP MELALUI PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI PADA ERA MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN
Authors: Subroto Waspodo Tjipto
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Menanamkan Nilai-Nilai Entrepreneurship Melalui Pendidikan Ekonomi pada Era Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN. Entrepreneurship memegang peranan yang dominan dalam menggerakkan roda perekonomian baik dalam skala lokal, regional maupun global. Para entrepreneur yang dinamis dan berkomitmen untuk sukses, terbukti mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan. Entrepreneur yang memiliki semangat kepemimpinan dan jiwa entrepreneur ini akan memimpin revolusi ekonomi menuju peningkatan standar hidup yang lebih layak. Di tengah-tengah liberalisasi Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN, nilai-nilai entrepreneurship, seperti kreativitas, inovatif, risiko moderat, ulet dan bertanggungjawab, optimistis, perlu selalu ditanamkan pada generasi muda, terutama melalui Pendidikan Ekonomi, sehingga jiwa dan semangat generasi muda dapat lebih kompetitif dalam menghadapi persaingan di era Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN. Peran Pendidikan Ekonomi sangat diperlukan untuk menyiapkan semangat generasi muda agar menjadi pelaku aktif dan partisipatoris dalam revolusi ekonomi menuju perubahan yang positif dan abadi.  Kata kunci: Entrepreneurship. Nilai dan sikap, Pendidikan Ekonomi.Abstract: Instilling Entrepreneurship Values through Economic Education in the Era of the ASEAN Economic Community. Entrepreneurship has a dominant role to push economic activities at any level -- locally, regionally as well as globally. The dynamic entrepreneurs affect the economic growth and prosperity. Entrepreneurs who have a spirit of leadership and entrepreneurial spirit will lead the economic revolution to raise living standards. Under AEC the values of entrepreneurship, such as creative, innovative, tough, responsible, and optimistic, should always be instilled to the younger generation, especially through Economic Education. The Role of Economic Education is needed to prepare the young people to actively participate to positive economy activities. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Value, Economic Education
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PESISIR BERBASIS CO-MANAGEMENT SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN DI KABUPATEN PONTIANAK
Authors: Witarsa Witarsa
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Model Pengembangan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir Berbasis Co-Management Sumberdaya Perikanan di Kabupaten Pontianak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi komponen urgen pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir, faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal, dan peringkat prioritas co-management sumberdaya perikanan. Metode yang digunakan adalah PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal), SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Treats), dan alur pikir PMPK (pemecahan masalah dan pengambilan keputusan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa banyak permasalahan yang ditemukan pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir khususnya dilihat dari aspek biofisik, teknologi, market, sosial ekonomi, dan kelembagaan.Kata kunci: ekonomi masyarakat pesisir, co-management, sumberdaya perikananAbstract: Fisheries Resources Co-Management Based Model of Coastal Community Economic Development in Pontianak. The purpose of this study is to determine the common problems faced by coastal communities by identifying important component of coastal resource management, internal and external factors, and the priority scale for fisheries resources co-management. This study employs three methods, namely Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Treats Analysis (SWOT), and a Problem-solving and Decision-making. The results show that the problems are found on managing coastal resource, especially in the biophysical, technological, market, social economic, and institutional aspect.Keywords: economy of coastal communities, co-management, fishery resources