bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wobec braku źródeł
Authors: Stramczewska Olga
Published: April 2018

In the absence of sources. On the traces of ACI in Rozmyślania dominikańskie

The paper presents syntactic analyses of Polish sentences containing the Latin construction of infinitive with accusative. All the sentences are from a single Old Polish monument, Rozmyślania dominikańskie, a Biblical-apocryphal narration of the Passion of Jesus. The author wonders what more than ten ACI constructions found in Rozmyślania can tell us about the character and the type of sources, and about how the writer made use of them. The paper takes into consideration the visible genetic multilayeredness of the text, the syntactic build of specific constructions, their semantics, and their distribution. As the comparative background, the paper uses another Old Polish apocrypha whose sources are well researched and described, Rozmyślanie przemyskie.
Co to jest kulturem?
Authors: Rak Maciej
Published: April 2018

What is a cultureme?

The goal of the paper is to present culturemes, a concept used in cultural studies, glottodidactics, translation studies, and ethnolinguistics. As is the case with many terms in humanities, also cultureme has several understandings. In the ethnolinguistic perspective, culturemes are related to Anna Wierzbicka’s key words, Walery Pisarek’s flag words, and Michael Fleischer’s collective symbols. Polish research into culturemes was initiated by Alicja Nagórko who defines them as ‘key words which are important for the self-identification of a community, and which characterize both the community’s attitude towards tradition and inherited values, and how it copes with the present time and with the current experiencing of the world’. One as yet unrealized goal is to identify and list Polish culturemes; this is one of the more urgent tasks of ethnolinguistics.
O liczyć się z każdym groszem w kontekście problemu wyróżniania jednostek leksykalnych
Authors: Kosek Iwona , Przybyszewski Sebastian
Published: April 2018

On liczyć się z każdym groszem ‘to count every penny’ in the context of limiting lexical units

The article discusses the status of the string liczyć się z każdym groszem ‘to spend money carefully, to count every penny’, lit. ‘to reckon with every penny’. The authors quote numerous instances from the Polish corpus, and claim that the formal and functional features of this expression indicate that its status is different from what can be gathered from dictionaries of Polish where it is treated as a variant of the multiword expression liczyć się z groszem. Opposing this claim, we indicate another meaning of the linguistic unit liczyć się z czymś, one not noted in dictionaries: ‘to dispose of something carefully’; accordingly, the strings liczyć się z groszem and liczyć się z każdym groszem are treated as instantiations of this unit.
Frekwencja a przemiany współczesnej normy wymawianiowej (w świetle dyskusji na temat NRSF Witolda Mańczaka)
Authors: Kurek Halina
Published: April 2018

Frequency and changes in the contemporary orthophonic standard (in light of the discussion about Witold Mańczak’s irregular phonetic development caused by frequency)

The paper attempts to answer the question whether, in the case of rapid changes such as we currently observe in Polish, a linguist is able to determine if these changes are systemic, i.e. permanent, or remain at the stage of innovation, i.e. are temporary – and hence, whether he or she can declare a change in the linguistic standard and set to looking for its cause. The focus of the article is on the law of speech economy, redundancy, and frequency which is the most important factor correlated with change, as without it the optimal conditions for a phonetic process would not occur.
Polskie leksemy o rdzeniu nędz-/nud-
Authors: Krótki Zuzanna
Published: April 2018

Polish lexemes with the nud-/nędz- root

The paper presents the lexical family with the root nud-/nędz-. The material, containing as many as 52 word forms, excerpted from all of the available lexicographical sources of historical vocabulary, has been presented in the form of a word-formative nest. The goal of the analysis was to reveal the internal structure of motivational relations between the centre of the nest, Proto-Slavonic nuditi, and a group of words of varying degrees of derivativeness. The conducted analyses have revealed the principal metaphorical analogies which contributed to the generation of new metaphorical senses of specific linguistic units, and also, made it possible to indicate and discuss the observed changes in their meanings.
Wielojęzyczność społeczności dawnych portugalskich kolonii w Afryce
Authors: Hlibowicka-Węglarz Barbara
Published: April 2018

Multilingualism of the societies of former Portuguese colonies in Africa

The goal of the article is to present the multilingualism in the countries emerged from former Portuguese colonies in Africa where, alongside the official Portuguese, more or less numerous native African languages are to be found together with various mixed languages. All of the analysed countries are bi- or multilingual, in each the status of Portuguese is different, and so are the number and the status of national languages. In some, creole languages have developed while in others such mixed languages do not exist. One might ponder the reasons for this linguistic diversification, and as a result, observe both the differences and the shared characteristics of the analysed countries, and identify the factors that might have created this sharp contrast. It is the goal of the present paper to attempt to answer these questions.
Socjolingwistyczny status surżyka
Authors: Lewczuk Pawło
Published: April 2018

The sociolinguistic status of Surzhyk

The paper presents the phenomenon of Surzhyk as a specific mixed sociolect in Ukrainian-Russian bilingualism. The first part describes the process of the rise of Surzhyk as a result of the expansion of Russian on Ukrainian, and the difficulties one encounters when classifying the term within the theory of language contact. The second part focuses on the current social attitude toward the phenomenon, and the role played by the media in the shaping of the social opinion regarding the competition of public use languages in the Ukraine. The summary contains a prognosis of the development and/or functioning of the phenomenon in practice.
Profesor Marian Kucała – badacz i miłośnik języka polskiego
Authors: Żmigrodzki Piotr
Published: April 2018

Professor Marian Kucała. A researcher and lover of the Polish language

The paper presents Professor Marian Kucała (1927–2014), a dialectologist and historian of the Polish language, affiliated throughout his entire life with the Institute of the Polish Language of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Cracow. It presents his biography and a short discussion of his most important scientific achievements, while most space is devoted to a recollection of his activity in the Society of Friends of the Polish Language and in the editing board of the “Język Polski” journal.
Wokół jednostki symbolicznej [ktoś1] dotknął [kogoś2/czegoś] (studium semantyczno-kognitywne)
Authors: Domogała Aleksandra
Published: April 2018

On the symbolic unit [ktoś1] dotknął [kogoś2 /czegoś] ‘someone touched somebody/something’. A semantic-cognitive study

The paper describes the symbolic unit [ktoś1] dotknął [kogoś2/czegoś] in the cognitive perspective. The starting point for a semantic-cognitive analysis in the present sketch are uses of the phrase excerpted from texts from various registers of contemporary Polish. Importantly, the author describes both concretizations and metaphorical extensions of the prototypical occurrence of the analysed unit. Basing primarily on the assumptions of cognitive grammar, she attempts to reconstruct the mechanisms initiating the emergence of specific uses of the analysed symbolic unit. She conducts an analysis of the senses of the phrase [ktoś1] dotknął [kogoś2/czegoś] within the framework of three domains: 1. physical space, 2. temporal, and 3. mental, and using the theory of image schemas.
¿Cómo hablar de guerra, represión y exilio desde la perspectiva de género?
Authors: Boguszewicz Maria
Published: April 2018

The economic crisis affecting Spain since 2008 raises several questions in society on the political class and possible ways of finding solutions for that. These reflections arises the questions about current Spanish political regime and revision of history. Feminists try to retrieve a gender perspective that allows incorporating women in the hegemonic system without thereby neutralize their stance. Amor de tango of María Xosé Queizán is one of the possible answers to this question. His way of dealing with the Civil War in Galicia and the repression of women in this region is rather an attempt of humanizing his historiographical discourse than demasculinization.
Lengua mirandesa: historia y sistema fonético
Authors: Belina Michał
Published: April 2018

This paper aims to present the history of region of Miranda do Douro and phonetic system of Mirandese language. In the first part of the article we focus on the circumstances of Mirandese discovery in the reference to geographical location. In the second part we discuss the issue of granting language rights to Mirandese community. It was performed by bill which aim was to recognize Mirandese as the second official language of Portugal. Finally, we analyse of Mirandese phonetic system.
crisi, la política i la llengua
Authors: Pawłowska Marta
Published: April 2018

The aim of this paper is to analyse the official speeches delivered between 2010 and 2011 by the President of Catalan Government, Artur Mas, according to the strategies adopted to talk about the financial crisis and its consequences in the Catalan context. The goal is to capture the perception of these phenomena, which emerge from the linguistic mechanisms that have been used (especially, metaphors).
Momentos críticos de la historia de España descritos en los manuscritos de la colección “berlinesa” disponibles en la Biblioteca Jaguelónica de Cracovia
Authors: Czopek Natalia
Published: April 2018

CRITICAL MOMENTS OF THE HISTORY OF SPAIN DESCRIBED IN THE MANUSCRIPTS OF THE BERLIN COLLECTION KEPT AT THE JAGIELLONIAN LIBRARY
In this paper our interest is to show the links between a group of manuscripts relating to the economic and social crisis in Spain between the 16th and the 18th centuries, presenting their descriptions prepared under the project conducted by the research group Fibula. We propose the following subdivision of the texts: manuscripts that contain a critique of economic and social situation, texts concerning Catalonia, extracts from satirical press and critique of the actions of some historical characters.
Legitimação da Violência do Estado Pombalino na Poesia Atribuída a Alvarenga Peixoto
Authors: Esteves de Souza Caio Cesar
Published: April 2018

THE VALIDATION OF VIOLENCE FROM THE POMBALINE STATE AS PORTRAYED IN THE POETRY ASCRIBED TO ALVARENGA PEIXOTO
This paper presents a discussion about the way the theme of violence is represented in the poetry attributed to Alvarenga Peixoto, in order to demonstrate its coherency and cohesion in relation to literate and political assumptions of the late 18th century. During the discussion, his famous Ode to Marquis of Pombal will be analyzed and related to other four poems in wich this theme is recurrent.
Representações da violência no cinema de Pedro Costa
Authors: Figueiredo Guilherme
Published: April 2018

THE REPRESENTATIONS OF VIOLENCE IN THE CINEMA OF PEDRO COSTA

This article aims to reflect about the violent reality represented by the Portuguese film director Pedro Costa in the Letters from Fontainhas trilogy. Fontainhas, an old slum in the outskirts of Lisbon, was the place where the Portuguese and people from the former Portuguese colonies lived until its demolition, by the end of the last century. The slum, which was built by the hands of the inhabitants, was the place where they established their relations, surrounded by poverty, but with an impressive community spirit. Due to the demolition they were relocated to new public housing. Pedro Costa reveals, in documental and fictional narratives, the hard reality of the Fontainhas inhabitants as well as the demolition and the bizarre transition to their new home.
Oratura como afirmação, combate e hibridação nas geografias iberófonas: o caso angolano de Manuel Rui
Authors: Mascarenhas Gaivão Luís
Published: April 2018

ORAL LITERATURE AS A MARK OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY, COMBAT AND HYBRIDIZATION IN IBEROPHONE GEOGRAPHIES – THE ANGOLAN WRITER MANUEL RUI: A CASE STUDY

The 15th century opened up “new” worlds to Portugal and Spain and saw the start of colonialism, which became global from the 17th century onwards. With Enlightenment, one can find the foundations of Eurocentric modernity that gave rise to the dark side of capitalism and imperialism: Europeans brought millions of slaves from Africa to carry out the construction of America and cultural epistemicide caused unnamable losses on both continents. The orature (oral literature) is a weapon used nowadays by the former colonized peoples of Latin America and Africa for the rescue and strengthening of cultures and traditions. In Angola, the writer Manuel Rui is a model in that ability to retransform the literary text.
Feminicidio/Feminicídio
Authors: Łazarek Magdalena , Maj Weronika
Published: April 2018

This article presents in brief materials referring to the phenomenon of the violence against women and femicide as well as the intent of understanding its causes in the area of Latin America. According to World Health Organization’s report from 2012 even one thirdof the women worldwide fall victim to this kind of abuse. However, this index multiplies by 2 in the area encompassed by our study. The issue begins at home and ends with abductions and brutal rapes on the streets and in the suburbs, where the culprit is never brought to justice. The main idea of the research is the introduction of the problem, it’s causes, effects but also intents of it’s elimination made by different governmental and non‑governmental organizations.
Secondary care for people without a bed of their own
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: April 2018

Penny Harrison, Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at De Montfort University, Leicester, looks at the Queen's Nursing Institute resource for homelessness
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: April 2018

Mark Greener presents his round up of key studies published in medical journals
Recognising glandular fever amid diagnostic complications
Authors: Kochhar Suneeta
Published: April 2018

Suneeta Kochhar presents a checklist for identifying and treating this condition
Encourage your older patients to have the shingles vaccine now
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: April 2018

Shingles is common in older patients. Linda Nazarko looks at its cause and how its incidence can be reduced
Implementing a Perinatal Mental Health Champion programme in north-west London
Authors: Baldwin Sharin , Kelly Patricia , Walker Melita
Published: April 2018

The transition to parenthood can be a challenging time for parents and during the perinatal period some parents may experience mental health difficulties. The Institute of Health Visiting (iHV) Perinatal Mental Health Champions training programme addresses the fundamental requirements that are necessary for health visitors to manage anxiety, depression and other perinatal mental illnesses, to understand the impact of these conditions on the infant, family and society, and to know when to refer on. This article evaluates the implementation of the training programme in a Trust in north-west London.
Practical prescriptions for governing fragmented governments
Authors: Swann William L , Kim Seo Young
Published: April 2018

Fragmentation of authority creates dilemmas in governance in which an individual authority’s incentives are misaligned with collective interests. Such dilemmas hinder progress towards solving complex societal problems and improving service delivery, but policy research has failed to lead to a development of actionable prescriptions for dealing with them from an institutional perspective. This article draws practical lessons and theoretical propositions from the Institutional Collection Action (ICA) literature to help policymakers and scholars better understand how semiautonomous authorities overcome barriers to collective action and reduce the risk and uncertainty of collaborative arrangements across different scales of governance and institutional contexts.
Policy design and the added-value of the institutional analysis development framework
Authors: Heikkila Tanya , Andersson Krister
Published: April 2018

Research that employs the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework offers a theoretically rich approach for diagnosing and assessing public policies. However, the complexity of the framework, and its related theories, can challenge researchers interested in its application. This article offers a novel synthesis of the IAD literature and recommendations for how scholars can use the IAD to enhance the practical relevance of policy design research. In presenting these insights, we focus on three general themes including the IAD’s emphasis on self-governance, the core concepts and diagnostic approach of the IAD framework, and lessons from IAD research on contextually-specific institutional design. We conclude with a discussion of the boundaries of the IAD framework and words of caution when drawing lessons about policy design.
Using cultural theory to navigate the policy process
Authors: Simmons Richard
Published: April 2018

Cultural Theory’s (CT) four ‘cultural biases’ hold an intuitive appeal and empirical resonance for policy scholars as they seek to make sense of complex policy contexts. Yet research applications of CT are often hampered by superficial classifications and a lack of operationalisable measures. This article solves these problems, presenting valid measures in a ‘compass’ and ‘map’ to show how cultural patterns are both ‘internalised’ in individuals and ‘institutionalised’ in policy contexts. Key tensions here provide researchers with new interpretive tools to promote better questioning, learning and adaptation within particular policy environments, including opportunities for research impact through practical, ‘institutional work’.
Book Reviews
Authors: Morrison James C. , Lahman Mary , Gibson Stephanie B. , Dress Abby , Trujillo Liñán Laura , Albrecht Robert , Wiebe Carolyn , Rheingold Howard
Published: April 2018

Marshall McLuhan, Introduction by John Ralston Saul (Extraordinary Canadians), Douglas Coupland (2009)

Toronto: Penguin Canada, 251 pp., ISBN-13: 9780670069224, h/bk, $26.00, ISBN: 9780143170907, p/bk, $18.00

Paradox Lost: A Cross-Contextual Definition of the Levels of Abstraction, Linda G. Elson and Alan Ponikvar (eds) (2010), 1st ed.

Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 254 pp.,

ISBN: 9781572739451, h/bk, $65.00

Communication Uncovered: General Semantics and Media Ecology, Corey Anton (2011)

Fort Worth, TX: The New Non-Aristotelian Library, Institute of General Semantics, 198 pp.,

ISBN: 978-0982755952, p/bk, $15.00

Digital Shift: The Cultural Logic of Punctuation, Jeff W. Scheible (2015)

Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 176 pp.,

ISBN: 9780816695744, p/bk, $20.00, ISBN: 9780816695737, cloth, $70.00

Misbehavior in Cyber Places: The Regulation of Online Conduct in Virtual Communities on the Internet, Janet Sternberg (2012)

Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 212 pp.,

ISBN: 9780761860112, p/bk, $34.91

Roger Waters and Pink Floyd: The Concept Albums, Phil Rose (2015)

Teaneck, NJ: Farleigh Dickinson Press, 278 pp.,

ISBN: 9781611477603, h/bk, $89.00, ISBN: 9781611477627, p/bk, $39.99, ISBN: 9781611477610, e/bk, $37.99

Radiohead and the Global Movement for Change, Phil Rose (2016)

Teaneck, NJ: Farleigh Dickinson Press, 266 pp.,

ISBN: 9781611478600, h/bk, $84.00, ISBN: 9781611478617, e/bk, $79.50

Biopolitical Screens: Image, Power, and the Neoliberal Brain, Pasi Väliaho (2014)

Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 208 pp.,

ISBN: 9780262027472, h/bk, $37.00

The Kingdom of Speech, Tom Wolfe (2016)

New York: Little, Brown and Company, 192 pp.,

ISBN: 9780316404624, h/bk, $26.00
Genetic diversity of Taenia hydatigena in the northern part of the West Bank, Palestine as determined by mitochondrial DNA sequences
Authors: Adwan Kamel , Jayousi Alaa , Abuseir Sameh , Abbasi Ibrahim , Adwan Ghaleb , Jarrar Naser
Published: April 2018

Cysticercus tenuicollis is the metacestode of canine tapeworm Taenia hydatigena, which has been reported in domestic and wild ruminants and is causing veterinary and economic losses in the meat industry. This study was conducted to determine the sequence variation in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (coxl) gene in 20 isolates of T. hydatigena metacestodes (cysticercus tenuicollis) collected from northern West Bank in Palestine. Nine haplotypes were detected, with one prevailing (55%). The total haplotype diversity (0.705) and the total nucleotide diversity (0.0045) displayed low genetic diversity among our isolates. Haplotype analysis showed a star-shaped network with a centrally positioned common haplotype. The Tajima’s D, and Fu and Li’s statistics in cysticercus tenuicollis population of this region showed a negative value, indicating deviations from neutrality and both suggested recent population expansion for the population. The findings of this study would greatly help to implement control and preventive measures for T. hydatigena larvae infection in Palestine.
Spectral analysis of the binary nucleus of the planetary nebula Hen 2-428 – first results
Authors: Finch Nicolle L. , Reindl Nicole , Barstow Martin A. , Casewell Sarah L. , Geier Stephan , Bertolami Marcelo M. Miller , Taubenberger Stefan
Published: April 2018

Identifying progenitor systems for the double-degenerate scenario is crucial to check the reliability of type Ia supernovae as cosmological standard candles. Santander-Garcia et al. (2015) claimed that Hen 2-428 has a doubledegenerate core whose combined mass significantly exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit. Together with the short orbital period (4.2 hours), the authors concluded that the system should merge within a Hubble time triggering a type Ia supernova event. Garcia-Berro et al. (2016) explored alternative scenarios to explain the observational evidence, as the high mass conclusion is highly unlikely within predictions from stellar evolution theory. They conclude that the evidence supporting the supernova progenitor status of the system is premature. Here we present the first quantitative spectral analysis of Hen 2-428which allows us to derive the effective temperatures, surface gravities and helium abundance of the two CSPNe based on state-of-the-art, non-LTE model atmospheres. These results provide constrains for further studies of this particularly interesting system.
Fibrous composite material for textile heart valve design: in vitro assessment
Authors: Amri Amna , Laroche Gaetan , Chakfe Nabil , Heim Frederic
Published: April 2018

With over 150,000 implantations performed over the world, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a surgical technique, which largely competes with open surgery valve replacement for an increasing number of patients. The success of the procedure favors the research toward synthetic valve leaflet materials as an alternative to biological tissues, whose durability remains unknown. In particular, fibrous constructions have recently proven to be durablein vivoover a 6-month period of time in animal sheep models. Exaggerated fibrotic tissue formation remains, however, a critical issue to be addressed. This work investigates the design of a composite fibrous construction combining a woven polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer and a non-woven PET mat, which are expected to provide, respectively, strength and appropriate topography toward limited fibrotic tissue ingrowth. For this purpose, a specific equipment has been developed to produce non-woven PET mats made from fibers with small diameter. These mats were assembled with woven PET substrates using various assembling techniques in order to obtain hybrid fibrous constructions. The physical and mechanical properties of the obtained materials were assessed and valve samples were manufactured to be testedin vitrofor hydrodynamic performances. The results show that the composite fibrous construction is characterized by properties suitable for the valve leaflet function, but the durability of the assembling is however limited under accelerated cyclic loading.
Approximation of additive functional equations in NA Lie C*-algebras
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Saadati Reza
Published: April 2018

In this paper, by using fixed point method, we approximate a stable map of higher *-derivation in NA C*-algebras and of Lie higher *-derivations in NA Lie C*-algebras associated with the following additive functional equation

,

where m ≥ 2.
Gradient-flow techniques for the analysis of numerical schemes for multi-phase mean-curvature flow
Authors: Laux Tim
Published: April 2018

Several recent convergence results for numerical schemes for mean-curvature flow in particular in the multi-phase case with arbitrary surface tensions are discussed. The guiding principle of all these works is the gradient-flow structure of multi-phase mean-curvature flow which is explained in the general framework. For simplicity, the convergence results are presented in the simpler two-phase case.
Generalized fractional integral operators on generalized Orlicz–Morrey spaces of the second kind over non-doubling metric measure spaces
Authors: Sawano Yoshihiro , Shimomura Tetsu
Published: April 2018

In this paper,
we aim to deal with the boundedness and the weak-type boundedness
for the generalized fractional integral operators
on generalized Orlicz–Morrey spaces of the second kind
over non-doubling metric measure spaces,
as an extension of [Y. Sawano and T. Shimomura,
Boundedness of the generalized fractional integral operators on generalized Morrey spaces over metric measure spaces,
Z. Anal. Anwend. 36 2017, 2, 159–190], [Y. Sawano and T. Shimomura,
Generalized fractional integral operators over non-doubling metric measure spaces,
Integral Transforms Spec. Funct. 28 2017, 7, 534–546] and [I. Sihwaningrum, H. Gunawan and E. Nakai,
Maximal and fractional integral operators on generalized Morrey spaces over metric measure spaces,
Math. Nachr., to appear].
Exploratory cell dynamics: a sense of touch for cells?
Authors: Nalbant Perihan , Dehmelt Leif
Published: April 2018

Cells need to process multifaceted external cues to steer their dynamic behavior. To efficiently perform this task, cells implement several exploratory mechanisms to actively sample their environment. In particular, cells can use exploratory actin-based cell protrusions and contractions to engage and squeeze the environment and to actively probe its chemical and mechanical properties. Multiple excitable signal networks were identified that can generate local activity pulses to control these exploratory processes. Such excitable signal networks offer particularly efficient mechanisms to process chemical or mechanical signals to steer dynamic cell behavior, such as directional migration, tissue morphogenesis and cell fate decisions.
Constitutional Jurisdiction in a Democracy Governed by the Rule of Law
Authors: Holzinger Gerhart
Published: April 2018

Today, the Austrian Constitutional Court looks back on an eventful history. The Austrian model of constitutional adjudication attracted wide attention, in particular after World War II and proved to be a success story. Carefully managing both the influences of the ECHR and, most recently, those of European Union law, the Court has become an active player in the dialogue of the courts involved.
Pragmatic challenges in the communication of emotions in intercultural couples
Authors: Dewaele Jean-Marc
Published: April 2018

Statistical analysis of quantitative and qualitative data collected via an online questionnaire from 429 participants who were in an intercultural relationship revealed strongly divided opinions on the pragmatic challenges of communicating emotions with their partner. Though most participants reported some degree of difficulty, most agreed that love and emotional acculturation helped them overcome language barriers. Difficulties in communication were attributed to linguistic, pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic issues by almost three quarters of the participants who filled out an open question. Participants with higher scores on Emotional Stability, Flexibility and – marginally – Openmindedness, male participants and participants with high levels of education reported fewer difficulties. Partners in intercultural couples thus faced serious and sometimes totally unexpected pragmatic challenges in communicating emotions but generally managed to overcome the obstacles after some months.
Subwavelength grating slot (SWGS) waveguide at 2 μm for chip-scale data transmission
Authors: Ruan Zhengsen , Shen Li , Zheng Shuang , Wang Andong , Long Yun , Zhou Nan , Wang Jian
Published: April 2018

We propose, design, fabricate and characterize a subwavelength grating slot (SWGS) waveguide on silicon platform at short-wave infrared (SWIR) wavelength of 2 μm. The mode guiding mechanism, i.e. SWGS mode, is a combination of surface-enhanced supermode and Bloch mode. We also design and fabricate a low-loss strip-to-SWGS mode converter. We further demonstrate chip-scale direct modulation data transmission at 2 μm through the fabricated SWGS waveguides. Favorable operation performance is achieved in the experiment.
Huygens’ metasurfaces from microwaves to optics: a review
Authors: Chen Michael , Kim Minseok , Wong Alex M.H. , Eleftheriades George V.
Published: April 2018

In this article, the basic principles and the main applications of Huygens’ metasurfaces (HMSs) are reviewed from microwaves to optics. In general, HMSs comprise a thin layer of orthogonal electric and magnetic dipoles, which form an array of Huygens’ sources. In a refraction setting, these sources radiate mostly in the forward direction and can be used to manipulate an incident electromagnetic wave at will. In the case of passive HMSs, the Huygens’ sources are induced by an incident electromagnetic field. Examples of passive manipulations include reflectionless refraction, perfect anomalous reflection, and arbitrary antenna beam forming. In the case of active HMSs, the Huygens’ sources are impressed active sources. Active HMS manipulations include cloaking and subwavelength spot formation in a cavity environment.
Global Cities and the Ends of Globalism
Authors: Curtis Simon
Published: April 2018

The global city has been both a product and driver of contemporary globalization. But today the global city is under threat from at least two directions. Firstly, despite their astonishing economic growth over the last four decades, they have become deeply divided and polarized in ways that threaten the integrity of the urban fabric. The second source of threat comes from the weakening of liberal world order. This article argues that global cities are at a point of crisis, because they embody an unstable form of global market society. In order to survive in a ‘global’ form, they will need to evolve by repurposing some of the political, economic and governance capacities that they have been developing over the last four decades. The article asks: what capacities and capabilities have global cities generated, and how might they be reoriented in the creation of alternative global city futures?
Growth, yield attributes and yield of irrigated spring wheat as influenced by sowing depth
Authors: Bazzaz M.M. , Hossain Akbar , Timsina Jagadish , Silva Jaime A. Teixeira da , Nuruzzaman M.
Published: April 2018

In South Asia, including Bangladesh, most farmers sow wheat under residual soil moisture after rice is harvested, but the upper layer of soil dries quickly after soil has been prepared for wheat sowing. Crop seeds that are sown either deeply or shallowly can result in failed emergence, low dry matter accumulation, and reduced grain yield. Therefore, appropriate sowing depth is crucial for seedling emergence and successful crop establishment. Considering this, a two-year field experiment was conducted at the research field of the Agricultural Research Station of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute at Dinajpur during the dry, rabi (winter) season of 2013-14 and 2014-15, at four sowing depths, i.e., 2, 4, 6 and 8 cm, to identify the most appropriate sowing depth for higher grain yield. Wheat seeds sown at a depth of 4 cm resulted in significantly highest number of seedlings and seminal roots, tallest plants as well as largest roots and plant biomass followed by sowing at a depth of 6, or 2 cm. Depth of sowing also significantly affected the yield and yield-related attributes, all performing best at a depth of 4 cm. The highest number of spikes m-2, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index were observed when seeds were sown at depths of 4 or 6 cm, relative to 2 or 8 cm. Therefore, a sowing depth of 4 to 6 cm is recommended for wheat cultivation in South Asia, including Northern Bangladesh.
Transient Spectroscopy of Glass-Embedded Perovskite Quantum Dots: Novel Structures in an Old Wrapping
Authors: Kozlov Oleg V. , Singh Rohan , Ai Bing , Zhang Jihong , Liu Chao , Klimov Victor I.
Published: April 2018

Semiconductor doped glasses had been used by the research and engineering communities as color filters or saturable absorbers well before it was realized that their optical properties were defined by tiny specs of semiconductor matter known presently as quantum dots (QDs). Nowadays, the preferred type of QD samples are colloidal particles typically fabricated via organometallic chemical routines that allow for exquisite control of QD morphology, composition and surface properties. However, there is still a number of applications that would benefit from the availability of high-quality glass-based QD samples. These prospective applications include fiber optics, optically pumped lasers and amplifiers and luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). In addition to being perfect optical materials, glass matrices could help enhance stability of QDs by isolating them from the environment and improving heat exchange with the outside medium. Here we conduct optical studies of a new type of all-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite QDs fabricated directly in glasses by high-temperature precipitation. These samples are virtually scattering free and exhibit excellent waveguiding properties which makes them well suited for applications in, for example, fiber optics and LSCs. However, the presently existing problem is their fairly low room-temperature emission quantum yields of only ca. 1%–2%. Here we investigate the reasons underlying the limited emissivity of these samples by conducting transient photoluminescence (PL) and absorption measurements across a range of temperatures from 20 to 300K. We observe that the low-temperature PL quantum yield of these samples can be as high as ~25%. However, it quickly drops (in a nearly linear fashion) with increasing temperature. Interestingly, contrary to traditional thermal quenching models, experimental observations cannot be explained in terms of a thermally activated nonradiative rate but rather suggest the existence of two distinct QD sub-ensembles of “emissive” and completely “nonemissive” particles. The temperature-induced variation in the PL efficiency is likely due to a structural transformation of the QD surfaces or interior leading to formation of extremely fast trapping sites or nonemissive phases resulting in conversion of emissive QDs into nonemissive. Thus, future efforts on improving emissivity of glass-based perovskite QD samples might focus on approaches for extending the range of stability of the low-temperature highly emissive structure/phase of the QDs up to room temperature.
Rationally Derived Three-Parameter Models for Elastomeric Suspension Bushings: Theory and Experiment
Authors: Kanchwala Husain , Chatterjee Anindya
Published: April 2018

Linear, causal, and time-invariant viscoelastic material response models are of practical interest in many areas, including our interest in automotive suspension bushings. Empirical fits to experimental data may involve several fitted parameters which, if chosen arbitrarily, violate theoretical restrictions derived from causality, linearity, and time invariance. Here, we retain a correction term in an asymptotic expansion for Bode’s representation of the famous Kramers-Kronig relations. We then derive two new mathematical forms that both satisfy theoretical restrictions and fit experimental data well. Both forms proposed in this article have three free parameters each. The first form has logarithms and power law terms and is valid if the index in the power law is small. The second form has only logarithmic terms and satisfies restrictions exactly. Both forms successfully fit the test data for four different automotive suspension bushings in a frequency range of 1–30 Hz. The first form, with the power law, is more complicated but fits the data slightly better. Because the frequency response involves both a real and imaginary part, simultaneously fitting both parts well with merely three parameters validates the approximations proposed in this article.
CHİA TOHUMUNUN (SALVIA HISPANICA) FONKSİYONEL ÖZELLİKLERİ VE SAĞLIK ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: Yurt Merve , GEZER Ceren
Published: April 2018

Chia tohumu yağ, protein, diyet posası, mineral ve
fenolik bileşikler bakımından zengindir. Chia tohumunda bulunan klorojenik
asit, kafeik asit, mirisetin, kuarsetin, kampferol gibi fenolik bileşikler ve
tokoferol, fitosterol, karotenoidler antioksidan etki gösterebilmektedir. Chia
tohumu, çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri ve özellikle omega-3 yağ asidi içeriği
nedeniyle kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, hipertansiyon, inflamatuvar hastalıklar
ve bazı kanser türlerine karşı koruyucu etki gösterebilmektedir. Chia tohumu
sade olarak, un haline getirilerek ve yağı ayrıştırılarak yoğurt ve kek gibi
birçok besine eklenebilmektedir. Ayrıca gıda sanayinde su tutucu, emulsifiyer
ajan ve kıvam artırıcı olarak kullanılabilmektedir. Günümüzde chia tohumunun
besin bileşeni içeriği ve sağlık etkileriyle ilgili araştırmaların artması
sonucu fonksiyonel bir gıda olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Ancak bu konuda daha
fazla randomize kontrollü çift kör çalışmalara ve meta-analiz çalışmalarına
ihtiyaç vardır. Bu derlemenin amacı chia tohumunun fonksiyonel özellikleri ve
sağlık üzerine etkilerinin irdelenmesidir.
Food Webs: Implications for Instruction
Authors: Preston Christine
Published: April 2018

The interdependency of relationships and energy flow in ecosystems are crucial biological concepts that students frequently find hard to understand. They are one of the foundations to the survival of living things and the complex processes that balance life on Earth. The ability to interpret food chains and food webs is fundamental in the communication and understanding of relationships between organisms in the domain of biology. I examine the ways elementary-level students read a simple food web diagram and the effect this has on their understanding of the encapsulated biology concepts. Diagram reading approaches are described along with analysis of how meaning making is influenced by students' preconceived ideas. The results indicate the students experienced a range of difficulties in reading the food web diagram. I conclude that food web instruction must address prior knowledge, challenge preconceptions, and involve deep diagram processing. The research provides insights into the difficulties high school students have in comprehending food webs and understanding relationships in ecosystems.
Teaching Complex Ecological Concepts Through a Demonstration Garden: Biodiversity, Invasive Species, and Conservation in Practice
Authors: Minteer Carey R. , Smith Melissa C. , Lake Ellen C. , Pokorny Eileen
Published: April 2018

Biodiversity encompasses the variety within and between species in an environment. Native communities host a diverse array of species and interactions among members. Invasions by non-native species reduce biodiversity and a community's ability to support diverse assemblages, and are among the largest drivers of modern species extinctions. The Keep It Native Demonstration (KIND) Garden demonstrates the differences between invaded and intact plant communities. Utilizing this resource, we developed an inquiry-based activity for grades 5–7 that focused on observational data. Student groups recorded the number of animal and plant species in multiple habitat types. We then compiled data from the separate groups and averaged the number of species observed in each habitat type. The results were graphed to enable students to visualize the differences in species diversity among habitats. This exercise illustrated differences in species richness and diversity between invaded and native plant dominated areas, and allowed students to begin initial data interpretation. We provide methods for this activity, strategies for implementing the activity on other sites, and adaptations to accommodate different grade levels and the associated Next Generation Science Standards.
Sophoclean Suicide
Authors: Hiscock Matthew
Published: April 2018

This article aims to show that Sophocles anticipates questions about the autonomous subject and “ownership” of the self that are central to contemporary discourse. It suggests that Sophoclean self-killing, often considered quintessentially individualistic, in fact reflects a preoccupation with the autocheir, a less definite figure than our “suicide,” since s/he may also be (actually or potentially) a kin-killer. Also, that where Sophocles attempts to distinguish self-killing from kin-killing, it is to isolate and explore the nature and (not inevitably negative) implications of autocheiria. Close readings of scenes from Antigone, Ajax, and Trachiniae demonstrate that this is achieved through the elision or obscuring of the moment of self-destruction, and the posthumous analysis of self-killing in the “verbal post-mortem.” A strand of metacriticism suggests that editors committed to a model of suicide as unequivocal act intentionally performed by a single agent have sometimes oversimplified the complexity evidenced by the transmitted text.
Sightseeing at Colonus: Oedipus, Ismene, and Antigone as Theôroi in Sophocles' Oedipus at Colonus
Authors: Reitzammer Laurialan
Published: April 2018

This paper examines the appearance of theôria (sacred sightseeing) as metaphor in Sophocles' Oedipus at Colonus. Once Oedipus arrives in Colonus, the local site on the outskirts of Athens becomes, in effect, theoric space, as travelers converge upon the site, drawn there to visit the old man, whose narrative is known to all Greeks. Oedipus, as panhellenic figure, serves simultaneously as spectacle and theôros (sightseer), attaining inner vision as he goes to his death at the end of the play. Oedipus offers salvation (sôtêria) to Athens within the logic of the play, but in order to confer benefits upon Athens, he requires the travel and vision of his daughters, Antigone and Ismene, who serve as supplementary theôroi. The essay concludes with a glance at outsiders-as-saviors in Oedipus at Colonus and beyond, with an emphasis on the contribution of female travelers to sôtêria in classical Athenian drama.
Exemplarity and Encyclopedism at the Tomb of Eurysaces
Authors: Jones Nathaniel B.
Published: April 2018

Roman writing of the late Republic and early Empire, especially historiography, is filled with exempla, stories of the past meant to serve as models for contemporary and future behavior. This period also witnessed the rise of an encyclopedic mode of composition among Latin authors, which purported to collect and organize the totality of knowledge in a given field. The following essay proposes that exemplarity and encyclopedism were not just literary devices, but deep organizational principles throughout Roman culture. It seeks to show how they were operative in the visual arts in the first century BCE, focusing especially on a frieze depicting the baking process on the tomb of Marcus Vergilius Eurysaces in Rome. By approaching a monument like the frieze of Eurysaces through such principles we may better articulate both visual and thematic relationships across a variety of genres within the broader Roman image world.
Of Dancing Girls and Sarabandes
Authors: Pruiksma Rose
Published: April 2018

The French sarabande is typically characterized as one of the most serious and noble baroque dances in the instrumental suite. New research synthesizing eyewitness accounts, literary sources, and musical analysis reveals the sarabande’s rich history as a theatrical dance regularly performed by female dancers in French court ballets. The groups of girls and solo young women who danced it between 1651 and 1669 invite us to reshape our narrative of the sarabande in France.

Both literary references and the theatrical context reveal how the sarabande resonated with layers of culturally inscribed meanings at a time when danced and non-danced sarabandes coexisted side by side. The same individuals moved easily between dancing, watching danced sarabandes in ballets, and playing sarabandes on the keyboard or lute. Spectators and listeners likewise encountered and interpreted sarabandes in multiple settings; knowledge gained through dancing or accompanying dancing did not simply disappear from one performance context to the next. While such embodied knowledge is no longer common cultural currency, examining the historically embodied presence of the sarabande and its ties to female dancers permits a better understanding of its cultural resonances and its appeal in the seventeenth century and opens up a wider range of interpretations of this multi-faceted, multivalent dance type.
“40-Acre Smudge”
Authors: Asaka Megan
Published: April 2018

This article develops the concept of erasure to understand the contemporary memory of Yesler Terrace, a New Deal–era public housing project in Seattle, and why this memory diverges so sharply from the history revealed in the archives. Though celebrated today for its early commitment to racial integration, the goal of Yesler Terrace was to demolish a multiracial slum and replace it with a model community of predominately white families. Examining the visual materials created at the time to promote the project, this article argues that the physical displacement of people and homes was made possible only through a prior symbolic displacement, a representation of the neighborhood that served to erase the existing community and justify its removal. The production of invisibility through mapping and photography mattered just as much as the bulldozers and construction crews that cleared and rebuilt the actual site. An attention to the symbolic dimension of the clearance process can illuminate not only the forced displacement of a marginalized community, but also their continued erasure in the present-day memory of the city.
“Justice and Fair Play for the American Indian”
Authors: Carpenter Marc James
Published: April 2018

Between 1913 and 1916, two insurgent politicians successfully blocked repeated efforts to sell the so-called surplus lands of the Blackfeet Nation. Harry Lane, a U.S. Senator from Oregon and a radical progressive, broke with other Euro-American reformers by fighting for Native sovereignty as a guarantor of Native rights. Robert Hamilton, a Carlisle-educated Blackfeet rancher crusading against the wealthy elite of the Blackfeet Nation, used his facility with the Euro-American world to convince first Senator Lane and then the U.S. government to support some measure of justice for his people. This article explores the paradoxical origins of Lane and Hamilton’s activism and the careful tactics they used in their fights for Native American rights. The two men shared a vision of Native American modernity that combined an embrace of modern economic practice with a respect for cultural traditions; they selectively obscured the latter to pursue their political goals.