bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Involvement of Anti-Inflammatory and Stress Oxidative Markers in the Antidepressant-like Activity of Aloysia citriodora and Verbascoside on Mice with Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) Induced Depression
Authors: Gomes Denise B. , Serpa Patrícia Z. , Miorando Daniela , Zanatta Maria Eduarda D. C. , Carteri Camila S. , Somensi Lincon B. , Venzon Larissa , Santos Ana C. , França Tauani C. S. , Silva Luísa M. , Roman Junior Walter A.
Published: September 2022

Aloysia citriodora Palau is popularly used to treat nervous disorders. Experimental evidence has indicated that verbascoside (VBS) isolated from A. citriodora has pharmacological potential. In this study, we evaluated the antidepressant-like effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of A. citriodora (HEAc) and VBS against lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced depressive-like behavior in mice. In the pretreatment protocol (performed to evaluate the preventive potential), mice were pretreated with HEAc (3, 30, or 300 mg/kg) or VBS (30 mg/kg) before the administration of LPS. In the posttreatment protocol (performed to evaluate the therapeutic potential), mice were initially administered LPS and were subsequently given HEAc (3, 30, or 300 mg/kg) or VBS (30 mg/kg). In both treatments, the mice were submitted to an open-field test and tail suspension test (TST) at 6 and 24 h after LPS administration. The posttreatment evaluation revealed that HEAc (30 or 300 mg/kg) and VBS produced an antidepressant-like effect, as indicated by a reduction in the time spent with no movement in the TST. Moreover, HEAc (30 or 300 mg/kg) was found to reduce interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and N-acetyl-glycosaminidase activity in the hippocampus, increase glutathione (GSH) levels in the hippocampus and cortex, and enhance IL-10 in the cortex and, at a dose of 300 mg/kg, reduced myeloperoxidase activity in the cortex. Contrastingly, no comparable effects were detected in mice subjected to the pretreatment protocol. Administration of VBS similarly reduced the levels of IL-6 in the hippocampus and increased GSH levels in the cortex. Our observations indicate that both HEAc and VBS show promising antidepressant-like potential, which could be attributed to their beneficial effects in reducing neuroinflammatory processes and antioxidant effects in the central nervous system.
Mixed Event-Frame Vision System for Daytime Preceding Vehicle Taillight Signal Measurement Using Event-Based Neuromorphic Vision Sensor
Authors: Liu Zhengfa , Chen Guang , Wu Ya , Du Jiatong , Conradt Jörg , Knoll Alois
Published: September 2022

An important aspect of the perception system for intelligent vehicles is the detection and signal measurement of vehicle taillights. In this work, we present a novel vision-based measurement (VBM) system, using an event-based neuromorphic vision sensor, which is able to detect and measure the vehicle taillight signal robustly. To the best of our knowledge, it is for the first time the neuromorphic vision sensor is paid attention to for utilizing in the field of vehicle taillight signal measurement. The event-based neuromorphic vision sensor is a bioinspired sensor that records pixel-level intensity changes, called events, as well as the whole picture of the scene. The events naturally respond to illumination changes (such as the ON and OFF state of taillights) in the scene with very low latency. Moreover, the property of a higher dynamic range increases the sensor sensitivity and performance in poor lighting conditions. In this paper, we consider an event-driven solution to measure vehicle taillight signals. In contrast to most existing work that relies purely on standard frame-based cameras for the taillight signal measurement, the presented mixed event/frame system extracts the frequency domain features from the spatial and temporal signal of each taillight region and measures the taillight signal by combining the active-pixel sensor (APS) frames and dynamic vision sensor (DVS) events. A thresholding algorithm and a learned classifier are proposed to jointly achieve the brake-light and turn-light signal measurement. Experiments with real traffic scenes demonstrate the performance of measuring taillight signals under different traffic conditions with a single event-based neuromorphic vision sensor. The results show the high potential of the event-based neuromorphic vision sensor being used for optical signal measurement applications, especially in dynamic environments.
Defects and Improvement of Predicting Mine Water Inflow by Virtual Large Diameter Well Method
Authors: Xu Zhimin , Chen Tianci , Li Jianfeng , Sun Yajun , Zhang Chenghang , Chen Ge , Gao Yating , He Ye
Published: September 2022

In order to prevent the occurrence of water inrush accidents, it is particularly important to predict the mine water inrush, especially the accurate prediction of the mine water inflow in the coal mining process. Mine water inflow is caused by mining disturbance, groundwater flows into mining panels along the mining-induced fissures, and a depression cone of water table is formed in certain range around the mining sites. Mining panel is usually regarded as an irregular “virtual large diameter well” so as to calculate mine water inflow in China. However, in the mining process, the area, shape, and cross section of goafs are constantly changing, so is the water inflow. Therefore, the central position and influence radius of the “virtual large diameter well” in the spatial and temporal distribution are in a dynamic process of continuous movement and expansion, rather than being confined to a static position. This paper firstly analyzes the formation mechanism of coal mine roof water inflow and the errors and defects in the calculation of mine water inflow by virtual large diameter well (VLDWM). Then, based on the theory of steady flow and combined with the dynamic change process of goaf area and depression cone of water table during mining activities, this paper proposes an improved method and puts forward a concept of dynamic virtual large diameter well (DVLDWM) and establishes a theoretical model of the central position and influence radius of the “mining large diameter well” moving forward. The first (periodic) caving step is taken as the calculation unit and generalized as the “dynamic large diameter well,” which is used to calculate the dynamic water inflow in the process of mine advancing. Taking the No.7208 mining panel in Zhangshuanglou Coalmine in Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, as the study area, the mine water inflow was calculated dynamically by using the DVLDWM. The results show that the mine water inflow calculated is similar to the actual mine water inflow of the No.7208 mining panel observed, thus proving the reliability and credibility of the DVLDWM.
hucMSC-sEVs-Derived 14-3-3ζ Serves as a Bridge between YAP and Autophagy in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Yin Siqi , Liu Wanzhu , Ji Cheng , Zhu Yuan , Shan Yunjie , Zhou Zixuan , Chen Wenya , Zhang Leilei , Sun Zixuan , Zhou Wenqin , Qian Hui
Published: September 2022

As nanoscale membranous vesicles, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (hucMSC-sEVs) have attracted extensive attention in the field of tissue regeneration. Under the premise that the mechanisms of hucMSC-sEVs on the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) have not been revealed clearly, we constructed DKD rat model with success. After tail vein injection, hucMSC-sEVs effectively reduced blood glucose, maintained body weight and improved renal function in DKD rats. Notably, we found that hucMSC-sEVs suppressed YAP expression in renal cortical regions. Further in vitro experiments, we confirmed that the expression of YAP in the nucleus of renal podocytes was increased, and the level of autophagy was inhibited in the high-glucose environment, which could be reversed by intervention with hucMSC-sEVs. We screened out the key protein 14-3-3ζ, which could not only promote YAP cytoplasmic retention instead of entering the nucleus, but also enhance the level of autophagy in the cytoplasm. Ultimately, excessive YAP protein was removed by autophagy, a classic way of protein degradation. In conclusion, our study provides new strategies for the prevention of DKD and proposes the possibility of hucMSC-sEVs becoming a new treatment for DKD in the future.
The Emerging Role of Noncoding RNA Regulation of the Ferroptosis in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liu Xinran , Li Xiaozhong , Cai Yuxi , Zhou Yiwen , Wang Qiong , Xu Zhou , Xia Panpan , Yang Pingping , Jun Lei , Yu Peng , Shi Ao
Published: September 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant public health issue due to its high prevalence and considerable contribution to the global disease burden. Recent studies suggest that genetic factors, including noncoding RNAs, have an important role in the progression of CVD. Noncoding RNA plays a critical role in genetic programming and gene regulation during development. Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent regulated cell death (RCD), which is mainly caused by increased lipid hydroperoxide and redox imbalance. Ferroptosis is essentially different from other forms of RCD in morphology and mechanism, such as apoptosis, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. Much evidence suggested ferroptosis is involved in the development of various CVDs, especially in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, heart failure, and aortic dissection. Here, we review the latest findings based on noncoding RNA regulation of ferroptosis and its involvement in the pathogenesis of CVD and related treatments, aimed at providing insights into the impact of noncoding RNA regulation of ferroptosis for CVD.
Research on the Optimization Strategy of the Low-Carbon Economic Development Model based on the BP Neural Network Model
Authors: Zhang Yufeng , Tang Xun , Yang Jianfei
Published: September 2022

Low-carbon economy has become a topic of great concern to the international community. Sea level rise caused by climate change, flood disasters, biodiversity reduction, global famine, and other issues have begun to threaten the normal survival of human beings, and the climate problem needs to be solved urgently. While ensuring rapid economic development, in order to better control the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions, this paper, based on the theory of low-carbon economy, takes control of total carbon emissions for low-carbon economic development, as a perspective, and selects the optimization for the development of low-carbon economy. From the aspects of structural emission reduction technology and emission reduction, a carbon emission control optimization index system for low-carbon economic development based on total carbon emission control is constructed. Under the framework of the index system, construct an optimization model for the total amount of carbon emissions in a low-carbon economy and use the BP neural network model to seek the balance point between economic development, energy consumption, and carbon emissions so as to promote the rational and scientific development of the low-carbon economy. Planning and development. First of all, on the premise of maintaining the same economic growth rate, the optimization plan will reduce carbon emissions. Secondly, on the premise of keeping the cost of energy consumption unchanged, it is more reasonable to adjust the energy consumption structure. Taking the optimization plan as the suggestion for the development direction of the low-carbon economy, it provides scientific and feasible technical support for achieving the emission reduction target of reducing the unit greenhouse gas emission to 40%.
Hydroxyzine Dihydrochloride Premedication Is a Necessity for Pediatric Patients Undergoing Strabismus Surgery: An Observational Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Kartufan Fatma Ferda , Kizilcik Nurcan , Ziylan Sule , Menda Ferdi
Published: September 2022

Objective. In this single-blind, observational prospective clinical trial, we aimed to determine and compare the effects of premedication with hydroxyzine plus midazolam and midazolam alone on the incidence of oculocardiac reflex (OCR). Methods. Forty-five patients were divided into three groups. Group M received 0.5 mg/kg midazolam alone, Group H received 0.5 mg/kg hydroxyzine plus 0.5 mg/kg midazolam, and Group HM received 1 mg/kg hydroxyzine plus 0.5 mg/kg midazolam. The Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS), the heart rates (HR1: after induction of anesthesia; HR2: before retraction of orbital muscle; and HR3: right after retraction of orbital muscle), the muscles with OCR, and the incidence of OCR (20% decrease of the HR right after the traction) were recorded and compared between the three groups. Results. The mean HR1, HR2, and HR3 values were significantly increased (

p
=
0.002

,

p
<
0.001

,

p
<
0.001

) and the incidence of OCR (

p
=
0.004

) was significantly decreased in Group H and in Group HM (for all,

p
<
0.01

) compared to Group M. The most common orbital muscle in which OCR occurred was the rectus medialis. Conclusion. Premedication with a combination of 0.5 or 1 mg hydroxyzine with 0.5 mg midazolam significantly reduced the incidence of OCR compared to premedication with midazolam alone. This study was registered on https://clinicaltrials.gov/ with number NCT03806270.
Supercharging the APGAS Programming Model with Relocatable Distributed Collections
Authors: Finnerty Patrick , Kawanishi Yoshiki , Kamada Tomio , Ohta Chikara
Published: September 2022

In this article, we present our relocatable distributed collection library. Building on top of the AGPAS for Java library, we provide a number of useful intranode parallel patterns as well as the features necessary to support the distributed nature of the computation through clearly identified methods. In particular, the transfer of distributed collections’ entries between processes is supported via an integrated relocation system. This enables dynamic load-balancing capabilities, making it possible for programs to adapt to uneven or evolving cluster performance. The system we developed makes it possible to dynamically control the distribution and the data flow of distributed programs through high-level abstractions. Programmers using our library can, therefore, write complex distributed programs combining computation and communication phases through a consistent API. We evaluate the performance of our library against two programs taken from well-known Java benchmark suites, demonstrating superior programmability and obtaining better performance on one benchmark and reasonable overhead on the second. Finally, we demonstrate the ease and benefits of load balancing and a more complex application, which uses the various features of our library extensively.
A New Hyperchaotic Two‐Scroll System: Bifurcation Study, Multistability, Circuit Simulation, and FPGA Realization
Authors: Vaidyanathan Sundarapandian , Sambas Aceng , Tlelo-Cuautle Esteban , Bermudez-Marquez Ciro Fabian , Benkouider Khaled , Safaan Samy Abdelwahab
Published: September 2022

With the swift advancement of chaos theory, the modeling, chaotic oscillations, and engineering applications of chaotic and hyperchaotic systems are important topics in research. In this research paper, we elucidate our findings of a new four‐dimensional two‐scroll hyperchaotic system having only two quadratic nonlinearities and carry out a detailed bifurcation study of the proposed dynamical model. Also, an electronic circuit has been constructed for the new system using MultiSim (Version 14). The implementation of the new 4‐D hyperchaotic system in a field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) is performed herein by applying two numerical methods, viz. Forward Euler Method and Trapezoidal Method. The experimental results show a good match with the simulated hyperchaotic attractors. We also provide details of the hardware resources used for an FPGA Basys 3 Xilinx Artix‐7 XC7A35T‐ICPG236C.
Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Premolars Reconstructed by Traditional Casting and CAD-CAM Milling Post and Cores
Authors: Nodehi Davood , Moraditalab Azizollah , Shafiee Shahrzad , Sekandari Salehe , Ahrari Farzaneh
Published: September 2022

Purpose. Restoration of endodontically treated premolars has always been considered as a challenging procedure. This study compared the fracture strength and mode of failure of root canal treated premolars reconstructed with various post and core systems. Materials and Methods. Twenty healthy extracted premolars were selected and underwent root canal treatment and then randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 5). The teeth in group 1 restored with amalgam, whereas others reconstructed with post and cores made by cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) casting (group 2), nonprecious gold (NPG) casting (group 3), or computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) milling (group 4). The force at fracture was measured in a universal testing machine, and the failure mode was recorded as repairable or nonrepairable. Results. ANOVA revealed a significant difference in fracture resistance between groups (P=0.001). The control group displayed significantly lower strength than that of the CAD-CAM or CO-Cr groups (P<0.05). The CAD-CAM posts were also more resistant to fracture than the NPG group (P<0.05). The frequencies of repairable fracture in the control, Co-Cr, NPG, and CAD-CAM groups were 40%, 20%, 20%, and 60%, respectively. The chi-square test revealed no significant difference in the distribution of failure modes between groups (P=0.415). Conclusion. The teeth reconstructed with post and cores were more resistant to fracture than those restored with amalgam alone. CAD-CAM milling could be considered as the best system for reconstruction of endodontically treated teeth, as it provided the highest fracture strength with less risk of nonrepairable tooth fracture.
Formulation and Development of Adapalene Topical Nanohydrogel Using Different Surfactants and Cosurfactants for Antiacne Activity: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Panthi Vijay Kumar , Jha Saurav Kumar , Pangeni Rudra , Paudel Keshav Raj
Published: September 2022

A formulation of an adapalene nanohydrogel (ADP‐NH) using different surfactants and cosurfactants for topical application was developed and characterized. The best formulation was obtained with nanohydrogel (NH) containing Tween‐80‐ (NH‐Tween‐80‐) incorporated carbopol‐940 and ethanol, 0.67% and 3.00% w/w, respectively. The optimized formulations of NH‐Tween‐80, nanohydrogel containing sodium lauryl sulphate (NH‐SLS), and nanohydrogel containing glycerol (NH‐glycerol) were separately evaluated to examine their in vitro and ex vivo permeability characteristics and compared with 0.3% dimethyl sulfoxide (control) solution. The polydispersity index of NH‐Tween‐80, NH‐SLS, and NH‐glycerol were found to be 0.264 ± 0.312, 0.382 ± 0.0045, and 0.310 ± 0.412, respectively. All NH formulations showed pH within human skin pH ranges throughout the stability period. The NH‐Tween‐80 revealed 191.22 μg/mL of ADP permeation through Strat‐M® membrane which was statistically significant (p < 0.05) compared to NH‐SLS, NH‐glycerol, and control solution. At 24 h, NH‐Tween‐80 demonstrated 305.11 μg/mL of ADP permeation in Wistar rat abdominal skin which was 1.99‐, 1.56‐, and 4.89‐fold higher in comparison with NH‐SLS, NH‐glycerol, and control solution, respectively. Moreover, the ex vivo permeability of NH‐Tween‐80 was also compared with conventional gel (market sample) which was 3.38‐fold greater at 24 h. During the 6th month of accelerated stability analysis, the NH‐Tween‐80, NH‐SLS, and NH‐glycerol demonstrated 99.25% ± 0.15, 91.23% ± 0.41, and 96.08% ± 0.20 drug content, respectively. There were no noticeable physical changes observed up to 6 months for NH‐Tween‐80, while color change was observed in the 1st month and 3rd month of accelerated stability samples of NH‐SLS and NH‐glycerol, respectively. In this study, only NH‐Tween‐80 was considered both physically and chemically stable formulation. Therefore, it was concluded that the topical application of ADP‐NH containing Tween‐80 could be a very promising alternative for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
Solving Stochastic Fuzzy Transportation Problem with Mixed Constraints Using the Weibull Distribution
Authors: Buvaneshwari T.K. , Anuradha D.
Published: September 2022

The development in the industries has necessitated the growth of transportation methods. Due to the variation in the transportation systems, many problems seem to arise in the present times. One such problem is the stochastic fuzzy transportation problem (SFTP). The SFTP is a chance‐constrained programming (CCP) problem with probabilistic constraints where supply and demand are randomness, and the objective function is in fuzzy nature. In this paper, we have developed three models for the SFTP, where the constraints are mixed type following Weibull distribution (WD). The aim of the research work is to optimize the transportation cost in FTP under probabilistic mixed constraints. In order to achieve this, the cost coefficient of the fuzzy objective function is converted to alpha cut representation, and the probabilistic mixed constraints are converted to deterministic form by using the WD. The proposed models are illustrated by providing a numerical example, and the problem is solved using Lingo software. It is worth pointing out that these models are constructed from different points of view. The decision‐maker’s (DM’s) preference has the final say in the usage of the models. A sensitivity analysis (SA) is performed to explore the sensitivity of the parameters in the proposed model.
Application of a Depth Model of Precise Matching between People and Posts Based on Ability Perception
Authors: Zhang Shaoze
Published: September 2022

Under the modern environment, the reconstruction of enterprise’s core competitiveness depends not only on capital and technical strength, but also on the overall strength of its human resources. At the same time, effective allocation and rational use of talents are needed to create good performance for enterprises. Enterprise human resource management is the key part of the whole enterprise management. At the same time, it is also a necessary preparation for the continuous development and innovation of enterprises. In the whole process of human resource management, the core work is person-post matching. Only by promoting the reasonable implementation of person-post matching can other management work be carried out smoothly. This paper expounds two major elements in human resource management, namely, the concept and measurement of person-post matching and the principle of person-post matching. And the factors in the matching of people and posts are analyzed. This paper probes into the implementation of person-post matching in enterprise human resource management. Based on this, this paper puts forward a depth model of accurate matching between people and posts based on ability perception. On the basis of studying the optimization of human resource scheduling, this paper takes into account three factors: resource constraints, heterogeneity of employee efficiency and time sequence relationship, and uses integer linear programming theory to model the system with the shortest construction period as the goal. The research shows that the accuracy of this algorithm can reach about 94%, which is about 8% higher than the traditional algorithm. It has certain superior performance. This will provide some reference for related researchers.
Regulated Necrosis in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Puylaert Pauline , Zurek Michelle , Rayner Katey J. , De Meyer Guido R.Y. , Martinet Wim
Published: September 2022

During atherosclerosis, lipid-rich plaques are formed in large- and medium-sized arteries, which can reduce blood flow to tissues. This situation becomes particularly precarious when a plaque develops an unstable phenotype and becomes prone to rupture. Despite advances in identifying and treating vulnerable plaques, the mortality rate and disability caused by such lesions remains the number one health threat in developed countries. Vulnerable, unstable plaques are characterized by a large necrotic core, implying a prominent role for necrotic cell death in atherosclerosis and plaque destabilization. Necrosis can occur accidentally or can be induced by tightly regulated pathways. Over the past decades, different forms of regulated necrosis, including necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and secondary necrosis, have been identified, and these may play an important role during atherogenesis. In this review, we describe several forms of necrosis that may occur in atherosclerosis and how pharmacological modulation of these pathways can stabilize vulnerable plaques. Moreover, some challenges of targeting necrosis in atherosclerosis such as the presence of multiple death-inducing stimuli in plaques and extensive cross-talk between necrosis pathways are discussed. A better understanding of the role of (regulated) necrosis in atherosclerosis and the mechanisms contributing to plaque destabilization may open doors to novel pharmacological strategies and will enable clinicians to tackle the residual cardiovascular risk that remains in many atherosclerosis patients.
A proctotrupid wasp in Lebanese Lower Cretaceous amber (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupidae)
Authors: ENGEL MICHAEL S. , HERHOLD HOLLISTER W. , BARDEN PHILLIP
Published: September 2022

The first fossil proctotrupid wasp in Lower Cretaceous Lebanese amber is described and figured. Astarteserphus grimaldii gen. et sp. nov. is distinguished from all other living and fossil Proctotrupidae and placed into its own subfamily, Astarteserphinae subfam. nov. A key is presented to the living and fossil subfamilies and tribes of Proctotrupidae, and a brief discussion is provided on the unique features and diminutive size of the fossil.
Tulipa toktogulica (Liliaceae), a cryptic, endangered new species from the western Tien-Shan, Kyrgyzstan
Authors: WILSON BRETT , LAZKOV GEORGY A. , SHALPYKOV KAIYRKUL T. , BROCKINGTON SAMUEL F.
Published: September 2022

Tulipa toktogulica (T. sect. Kolpakowskianae; Liliaceae) is a cryptic new species from the Toktogul area of the Jalal-Abad Region, Kyrgyzstan. It is similar to T. talassica, with which it shares the characteristically elongated tunic, but it is genetically and geographically distinct. It has a combination of morphological traits shared between the closely related species T. talassica, T. tetraphylla and T. ferganica, but the combination of its traits is unique. Unlike most other members of the genus, this new species has a scent. It is here also assessed as endangered due to its narrow range and continuing threats from overgrazing.
Study on the Characteristics of Grinding Activation of Fly Ash and Its Influence on Cement Cementitious System
Authors: Wang Sen-Biao , Xu Ze-Sheng , Chen Jia-Rui , Xu Dong-Yao
Published: September 2022

This study takes fly ash of a coal-fired power plant as the research object, the pulverized and activated fly ash was processed by ball milling process. The difference of physical and chemical properties of fly ash before and after pulverized and activated treatment and its influence
mechanism on cement cementitious system were studied by a series of characterization analysis methods. The results show that pulverized fly ash activation significantly reduces the particle size of fly ash, increases its specific surface area, and decreases the crystallinity of crystal minerals
and anionic polymerization degree of internal silicon aluminate substance in fly ash, thus reaching the deep activation effect of fly ash activity. Fly ash powder can promote the compressive strength of test block more than fly ash original ash, especially the early compressive strength of
test block. The experimental results of water absorption and thermogravimetry show that the effect of fly ash powder on test block is mainly to improve the compactness of test block, reduce its porosity. At the same time, accelerating the secondary hydration reaction of cement is bound to
produce more C–S–H gel, thus improving the mechanical properties of test block.
Research of the Coronavirus Anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Quality of Life, and Stress Coping Styles in COVID-19 Survivors
Authors: Korkut Süleyman
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 survivors suffer from severe psychosocial challenges related to the current pandemic. In this context, it was aimed to evaluate the coronavirus anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and also determine the quality of life (QOL), and coping styles with stress in survivors by comparing them with non-COVID controls (NCs). This study was conducted from April 15 to October 15, 2021, as a cross-sectional study design. The study included 339 survivors who were confirmed with COVID-19 through clinical tests in the last 3 months and 321 NCs who had not been infected with COVID-19. Besides sociodemographic and clinical data, a set of valid and reliable assessment tools were used to measure outcomes of coronavirus anxiety, coping styles, post-traumatic stress, generalized anxiety, and quality of life. The total scores of IES-R, GAD-7, and CAS were significantly higher in survivors than in the NCs. These results revealed that survivors manifested higher levels of coronavirus anxiety, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (p < 0.05). In survivors,  the rates of GAD and coronavirus anxiety were found to be 59.3% and 25.7%, respectively. Additionally, the majority of survivors (89.4%) reported the severity of anxiety as moderate to severe, and also almost two-thirds of them reported the psychological impact of the pandemic as moderate to severe. Furthermore, survivors were found to have a lower quality of life. The findings of this study indicate that survivors experienced higher levels of coronavirus anxiety, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress, and had lower QOL. In addition, it was determined that survivors haven't been using active styles adequately in coping with stress. Thus, psychological intervention studies should be conducted and public mental health strategies should be developed. Providing psychosocial support and psychological guidance will contribute to mental health well-being, and improve the QOL and coping strategies.
Occurrence of a postoperative maxillary mucocele 20 years after orbital wall reconstruction
Authors: Ku Cheol Hyo , Kim Minheon , Lee Joo Hyung , Lee Hyun Su , Park Dong-Joon , Lee Eun Jung
Published: September 2022

Mucoceles of the paranasal sinus are epithelial-lined cystic structures filled with mucus and have multiple etiologies, including recurrent inflammation, trauma, or intrinsic disease. Particularly, a postoperative maxillary mucocele (POMM) is a delayed complication of radical surgery of the maxillary sinus, and most cases occur after Caldwell-Luc operations. Patients mainly complain of facial swelling, toothache, and tenderness. POMM has rarely been reported from other causes; however, there have been no reports on the occurrence of POMM following orbital wall reconstruction. Herein, we report a case of a patient with a POMM that developed 20 years after the aforementioned surgery. The patient complained of facial pain with visual disturbance, and underwent marsupialization using a combination of sublabial and endoscopic approaches, and the symptoms improved without recurrence.
Incidence and management of pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema in COVID-19
Authors: Abdelghany Youmna , Rachmasari Kharisa , Alvarez-Mulett Sergio , Wong Rochelle , Rajwani Kapil
Published: September 2022

Objective:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic reached New York City in March 2020, leading to a state of emergency that affected many lives. Patients who contracted the disease presented with different phenotypes. Multiple reports have described the findings of computed tomography scans of these patients, several with pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema. Our aim was to describe the incidence and management of pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema related to COVID-19 found on radiologic imaging.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was conducted of all confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted between early March and mid-May to two hospitals in New York City. Patient demographics, radiological imaging, and clinical courses were documented.

Results:

Between early March and mid-May, a total of 1866 patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 in the two hospitals included in the study, of which 386 were intubated. The majority of these patients were men (1090, 58.4%). The distribution of comorbidities included the following: hypertension (1006, 53.9%), diabetes (544, 29.6%), and underlying lung disease (376, 20.6%). Among the 386 intubated patients, 65 developed study-specific complications, for an overall incidence of 16.8%; 36 developed a pneumothorax, 2 developed pneumomediastinum, 1 had subcutaneous emphysema, and 26 had a combination of both. The mean time of invasive ventilation was 14 days (0–46, interquartile range = 6–19, median 11). The average of highest positive end expiratory pressure within 72 h of study complication was 11 (5–24) cmH20. The average of the highest peak inspiratory pressure within 72 h of complication was 35.3 (17–52) cmH2O. In non-Intubated patients, 9/1480 had spontaneous pneumothorax, for an overall incidence of 0.61 %.

Conclusion:

Intubated patients with COVID-19 pneumonia are at high risk of pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema. These should be considered in differential diagnosis of shortness of breath or hypoxia in a patient with a new diagnosis of COVID-19 or worsening hemodynamics or respiratory failure in an intensive care unit setting.
Clinical application of the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test and the Buffalo Concussion Bike Test: A systematic review
Authors: Janssen Ayden , Pope Rodney , Rando Natalie
Published: September 2022

Objective

To identify and synthesise research evidence regarding psychometric properties and clinical utility of the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test (BCTT) and Buffalo Concussion Bike Test (BCBT) for use with patients with acute concussion, post-concussion syndrome (PCS) or physiological post-concussion disorder (PPCD).

Data sources

ProQuest (ProQuest Central), PEDro, Medline (Ovid), Emcare (Ovid), EBSCOhost (Health collection) and Google Scholar, searched September 8th-12th, 2020.

Study selection

Two authors independently selected studies that met eligibility criteria. Studies were selected if they were original research of any design, that investigated the properties of the testing protocols in either concussed or uninjured participants. Articles not published in English, that were not original research or that used significantly different testing protocols were excluded. The search yielded 250 articles, 11 of which were eligible and included in this review.

Data extraction

Included studies were critically appraised independently by two authors, using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data relating to study characteristics and key findings were extracted from the studies, documented in tables, and used to inform a critical narrative synthesis of findings.

Data synthesis

To provide recommendations relating to each aim of the review, a strength of evidence scoring system was used. Available evidence supported use of the BCTT, with strong evidence supporting the safety and construct validity of the test and moderate evidence supporting its prognostic value. There has been very limited research investigating use of the BCBT.

Conclusion

The findings support a recommendation for use of the BCTT in clinical settings for management of acute concussion, PCS and PPCD. There is limited evidence available for the BCBT. Additional studies are needed of both tests to further establish their clinical value.
Hsa-microRNA-27b-3p inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inactivating transforming growth factor-activated kinase-binding protein 3/nuclear factor kappa B signalling
Authors: Wen Jingyuan , Huang Zhao , Wei Yi , Xue Lin , Wang Yufei , Liao Jingyu , Liang Junnan , Chen Xiaoping , Chu Liang , Zhang Bixiang
Published: September 2022

Background

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hsa-microRNA-27b-3p (hsa-miR-27b) is involved in the formation and progression of various cancers, but its role and clinical value in HCC remain unclear.

Methods

The expression of hsa-miR-27b in HCC was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays of clinical samples. Cell Counting Kit-8 assays (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assays, Transwell assays, filamentous actin (F-actin) staining and western blot analyses were used to determine the effects of hsa-miR-27b on HCC cells in vitro. Subcutaneous xenograft and lung metastatic animal experiments were conducted to verify the role of hsa-miR-27b in HCC in vivo. In silico prediction, qRT-PCR, western blot, anti-Argonaute 2 (AGO2) RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual luciferase reporter assays were applied to identify the target genes of hsa-miR-27b. To detect the impacts of hsa-miR-27b on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-кB) signalling cascades mediated by transforming growth factor-activated kinase-binding protein 3 (TAB3), we performed qRT-PCR, western blot assays, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Recombinant oncolytic adenovirus (OncoAd) overexpressing hsa-miR-27b was constructed to detect their therapeutic value in HCC.

Results

The expression of hsa-miR-27b was lower in HCC than in adjacent non-tumourous tissues (ANTs), and the reduced expression of hsa-miR-27b was associated with worse outcomes in patients with HCC. Hsa-miR-27b significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, subcutaneous tumour growth and lung metastasis of HCC cells. The suppression of hsa-miR-27b promoted the nuclear translocation of NF-κB by upregulating TAB3 expression. TAB3 was highly expressed in HCC compared with ANTs and was negatively correlated with the expression of hsa-miR-27b. The impaired cell proliferation, migration and invasion by hsa-miR-27b overexpression were recovered by ectopic expression of TAB3. Recombinant OncoAd with overexpression of hsa-miR-27b induced anti-tumour activity compared with that induced by negative control (NC) OncoAd in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusions

By targeting TAB3, hsa-miR-27b acted as a tumour suppressor by inactivating the NF-кB pathway in HCC in vitro and in vivo, indicating its therapeutic value against HCC.

Graphical Abstract
Advertising of foods and beverages in social media aimed at children: high exposure and low control
Authors: Meléndez-Illanes Lorena , González-Díaz Cristina , Álvarez-Dardet Carlos
Published: September 2022

Background

This work is aimed to describe the recent scientific literature developed in the food/beverage sector and social networks aimed at children and adolescents, as well as current regulations.

Methods

A rapid review of the studies on advertising and social media aimed at children, published from 2010 tp 2020 is carried out, following the established inclusion criteria. In addition, the regulations in the countries in which the studies were carried out were also reviewed.

Results

Of the 573 articles, 7 met these criteria. The great attraction of unhealthy foods for children is observed, who remembered and recognized a greater number of unhealthy food brands and, by extension, the ability to influence of communication in social networks. Each country has its own self-regulation, two (Ireland and USA) have legislation on children’s food advertising, and Australia has legislation that applies only to open television. However, none of the analyzed countries have specific regulations on food, children and media advertising.

Conclusions

Given the fact that there is evidence about the great attraction that social networks suppose for the child, that they are a stimulus for the consumption of food and that many of these foods are harmful to their health; we should work in two directions: 1) Promote public policies based on promoting healthy habits among minors; and 2) Monitor and implement regulations in commercial communication social media.
The impact of COVID-19 on individual oral health: a scoping review
Authors: Dickson-Swift Virginia , Kangutkar Tejashree , Knevel Ron , Down Sarah
Published: September 2022

Background

Poor oral health due to dental caries is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide. It has a significant impact on individuals across the lifespan and is a leading cause of preventable hospitalizations. The impacts of COVID-19 on oral health at the practice level are well documented, but gaps in understanding the impact on individual oral health remain. This review addresses this gap.

Methods

Using a JBI scoping review process we mapped and summarized the evidence to identify the impact of COVID-19 on individual oral health. Key search terms were developed, and searches were undertaken by an experienced research librarian.

Results

The 85 included studies were conducted in 23 countries from 5 regions across the world classified using the United Nations Geoscheme system. The majority (82/85) were quantitative, 2 were reviews and there was one qualitative interview study. Cross-sectional surveys were the most common data collection approach followed by an analysis of clinical data, analysis of internet trends and other online methods. Five key areas were identified including changes to the provision of emergency dental services, provision of routine oral health services, oral hygiene maintenance at home, changes in dietary preferences, alternative models of dental provision and help-seeking and attitudes towards dental care in the future.

Conclusions

This scoping review has demonstrated that the pandemic has impacted on oral health at the individual level. It is important that we are aware of these impacts and ensure that support systems are in place to overcome future periods where access to dental care might be compromised. The provision of preventive care remains a vital first step in ensuring good overall oral health as is paramount during periods where access to dental treatment might be limited.
Development of the quality of teen trauma acute care patient and parent-reported experience measure
Authors: Yeung Matthew , Hagel Brent E. , Bobrovitz Niklas , Stelfox Thomas H. , Yanchar Natalie L.
Published: September 2022

Objective

Patient-Reported Experience Measures (PREMs) provide valuable patient feedback on quality of care and have been associated with clinical outcomes. We aimed to test the reliability of a modified adult trauma care PREM instrument delivered to adolescents admitted to hospital for traumatic injuries, and their parents. Modifications included addition of questions reflecting teen-focused constructs on education supports, social network maintenance and family accommodation.

Results

Forty adolescent patients and 40 parents participated. Test-retest reliability was assessed using Cohen’s kappa, weighted kappa, and percent agreement between responses. Directionality of changed responses was noted. Most of the study ran during the COVID-19 pandemic. We established good reliability of questions related to in-hospital and post-discharge communication, clinical and ancillary care and family accommodation. We identified poorer reliability among constructs reflecting experiences that varied from the norm during the pandemic, which included “maintenance of social networks”, “education supports”, “scheduling clinical follow-ups” and “post-discharge supports”. Parents, but not patients, demonstrated more directionality of change of responses by responding with more negative in-hospital and more positive post-discharge experiences over time between the test and retest periods, suggesting risk of recall bias. Situational factors due to the COVID-19 pandemic and potential risks of recall bias may have limited the reliability of some parts of the survey.
An initial investigation of accuracy required for the identification of small molecules in complex samples using quantum chemical calculated NMR chemical shifts
Authors: Yesiltepe Yasemin , Govind Niranjan , Metz Thomas O. , Renslow Ryan S.
Published: September 2022

The majority of primary and secondary metabolites in nature have yet to be identified, representing a major challenge for metabolomics studies that currently require reference libraries from analyses of authentic compounds. Using currently available analytical methods, complete chemical characterization of metabolomes is infeasible for both technical and economic reasons. For example, unambiguous identification of metabolites is limited by the availability of authentic chemical standards, which, for the majority of molecules, do not exist. Computationally predicted or calculated data are a viable solution to expand the currently limited metabolite reference libraries, if such methods are shown to be sufficiently accurate. For example, determining nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy spectra in silico has shown promise in the identification and delineation of metabolite structures. Many researchers have been taking advantage of density functional theory (DFT), a computationally inexpensive yet reputable method for the prediction of carbon and proton NMR spectra of metabolites. However, such methods are expected to have some error in predicted 13C and 1H NMR spectra with respect to experimentally measured values. This leads us to the question–what accuracy is required in predicted 13C and 1H NMR chemical shifts for confident metabolite identification? Using the set of 11,716 small molecules found in the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB), we simulated both experimental and theoretical NMR chemical shift databases. We investigated the level of accuracy required for identification of metabolites in simulated pure and impure samples by matching predicted chemical shifts to experimental data. We found 90% or more of molecules in simulated pure samples can be successfully identified when errors of 1H and 13C chemical shifts in water are below 0.6 and 7.1 ppm, respectively, and below 0.5 and 4.6 ppm in chloroform solvation, respectively. In simulated complex mixtures, as the complexity of the mixture increased, greater accuracy of the calculated chemical shifts was required, as expected. However, if the number of molecules in the mixture is known, e.g., when NMR is combined with MS and sample complexity is low, the likelihood of confident molecular identification increased by 90%.