bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resenha
Authors: CEPPES
Published: September 2021

O final do século passado e o início do atual é o período histórico de “retorno” das crises capitalistas. De fato, elas jamais tinham desaparecido, mas até então mecanismos importantes faziam com que fossem menos perceptíveis, entre outros, a existência do sistema socialista, funcionando como dique às ações do capital a estimular políticas de bem-estar social e intervenção estatal na economia de tipo keynesiano. O inal da Guerra Fria com a desagregação da União Soviética e do sistema socialista libera todos os demônios e o capital assume a face terrível que vinha sendo maquiada.
Resenha
Authors: Cruz de Souza Daniel
Published: September 2021

Reedição ampliada e atualizada. Theotonio DOS SANTOS. Editora Insular. 232 páginas. 2015.
تأثير بعض المستخلصات النباتية والرواشح الفطرية على الفترة الزمنية لأنبات وقتل بذور المديد L. Convolvulus arvensis
Authors: العباسي شيماء حسن علي , النقيب علي طالب حسن , المجمعي عبدالحميد عدنان مجيد , صالح عماد شلال
Published: September 2021

اختلف التردد العددي لانبات وقتل بذور المديد L. Convolvulus arvensis  في التركيزين 50 و 100 ملغم/مل للمستخلصات النباتية حيث شرع اول انبات للمعاملة السيطرة في اليوم الرابع بينما سجل اول انبات للمعاملة نبات الحندقوق Melilotus indicus في اليوم السادس , بالنسبة للتركيز 50 ملغم/مل وقد سجل اول حالة قتل في اليوم الحادي عشر بالنسبة للنوع Euphorbia peplus في حين تفوق المستخلص النباتي الجرجير  Eruca vesicaria  على جميع المعاملات في عملية القتل في جميع ايام الدراسة اما عند التركيز 100 ملغم/مل  فقد سجل اول انبات لبذور المديد في اليوم السابع في معاملة مستخلص ام الحليب Sonchus oleraceus بينما سجلت اول حالة قتل في اليوم الرابع عشر بالنسبة لمستخلص فربيون Euphorbia peplus و مستخلص الكلغان Silybum marianum , كما اختلف التردد العددي لتأثير الرواشح الفطرية في انبات بذور المديد في التركيز 50 ملغم/مل . سجل اول شروع للانبات في اليوم الخامس في معاملة الراشح Penicillium resticulosum بينما سجلت اول حالة قتل في اليوم العاشر للراشح A. alternate اما في التركيز 100 ملغم/مل فقد سجلت اول حالة انبات في اليوم السادس للراشح الفطري Penicillium resticulosum كما سجلت اول حالة قتل للبذور في اليوم الحادي عشر للراشح  Alternaria alternata.
تحضير وتشخيص انابيب الكاربون النانوية من مخلفات القطن الصناعية باستخدام تقنية الكيمياء الخضراء
Authors: حسين اماني اياد , علوان لقاء حسين , احمد احمد عبدالاله
Published: September 2021

تم تحضير انابيب الكاربون النانوية باستخدام مخلفات الياف القطن (والتي تم الحصول عليها من الشركة العامة للصناعات القطنية ) باستعمالNaOH  تم تشخيص المادة المحضرة بطرائق عدة وهي طيف الاشعة السينية XRD ومجهر القوة الذرية AFM والمجهر الالكتروني الماسح SEM ، أذ بينت النتائج ان الحجم الحبيبي للمادة النانوية اقل من 50nm ، وان معدل اقطار هذه الدقائق بحدود nm (77.16) واعلى ارتفاع للدقائق النانوية في النموذج قيد الفحص يبلغnm  (30.42) وان المادة المحضرة ذات شكل خيطي مع تجاويف على السطح مما يدل على ان الألياف تمتلك مساحة سطحية كبيرة ومعدل مسامات واسعة.
Respostas da Bíblia ao sofrimento humano
Authors: Rossi Luiz Alexandre Solano , Silva Valmor da
Published: September 2021

O artigo sistematiza cinco respostas bíblicas ao mistério do sofrimento humano. Essas respostas são associadas a quatro grandes blocos literários que correspondem a projetos teológicos, a saber: Obra Historiográfica Deuteronomista; Profetas; Sapienciais e Apocalíptica. Sem a pretensão de apresentar uma teoria original, o artigo objetiva discutir sobre o mistério do sofrimento humano, a partir das respostas apresentadas pelo próprio texto bíblico. Essa discussão realça algumas passagens bíblicas mais significativas, em diálogo com estudos e análises de outras pesquisas. Numa visão pastoral, pretende também lançar luzes sobre o momento de pandemia que se abate sobre o mundo e, particularmente, sobre o Brasil. A exposição conclui que a Bíblia oferece muitas respostas ao sentido da dor e do sofrimento, como uma farmácia que possui muitos remédios para enfermidades múltiplas.
Ansiedade, amiga ou inimiga? Apontamentos a partir do estudo de Filipenses 4,6
Authors: Schietti Mariana Eugenio
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo propõe-se a refletir sobre a ansiedade a partir do texto Filipenses 4,6, levando em conta o contexto em que Paulo e a comunidade de Filipos, uma colônia romana que carregava o peso do sistema vigente, se encontravam. É possível uma vida sem ansiedade diante de cenários caóticos ou diante da necessidade de se enquadrar nos padrões sociais exigidos, como Paulo parece propor aos filipenses (4,6)? Seria essa a exortação paulina ou há algo mais a compreender? São perguntas como essas, que ao serem respondidas, podem iluminar nosso caminhar atual. O século XXI tem sido marcado por doenças emocionais e em períodos de crise o cuidado com a saúde emocional e mental se torna cada vez mais necessário. Propomos, através deste estudo, uma hermenêutica contextual que possa nos ensinar a lidar com a ansiedade em tempos como o nosso e recuperar a paz e a alegria em Cristo Jesus.
Rruga për në Elbasan, Bernard Newman, 1936
Authors: Tafani Vilma
Published: September 2021

Ky fragment përfshin kapitullin X të librit “Dera e pasme e Shqipërisë”, shkruar nga Bernard Njuman, më 1936. I gjithë kapitulli, që titullohet “Rruga për në Elbasan”, është në vetën e parë. Autori përshkruan udhëtimin e tij dhe vizitat në Elbasan në formën e përshtypjeve dhe mbresave të tij për Elbasanin dhe elbasanasit. Bernard Njuman njihet si njeriu që shëtiti nëpër Shqipëri kryesisht me biçikletë.
Ç’qenkej njeriu?!
Authors: Ceka Hyjni
Published: September 2021

Një ese biografike për Qamil Guranjakun.
Pse Albanon
Authors: Plangarica Tomorr
Published: September 2021

I dashur lexues,

Me iniciativën e një grupi qytetarësh elbasanas, po nis rrugën revista « Albanon », me dëshirën për të përcjellë më nga afër shkrime e punime në vite që flasin për vlerat, kulturën, traditat e qytetarinë e këtij qyteti. Të njohësh të shkuarën, do të thotë të jetosh më intensivisht të tashmen, sepse i shmangesh krizës së modelit, ndihmohesh ta tejkalosh atë, sepse je më i orientuar në hapat që hedh; do të thotë, gjithashtu, ta synosh më i sigurt të ardhmen, sepse e shkuara dhe e tashmja veçse të nxisin për t’u bërë aktor i situatave që vijnë, kudo, duke filluar nga familja, nga rrethi shoqëror i ngushtë e më gjerë. Është e rëndësishme që dëshirat dhe energjitë e çdo individi të orientohen drejt një hapësire më të gjerë kontributesh, për të pasur çdo histori individuale e familjare pronë të një komuniteti më të gjerë, që ka nevojë për të, për të plotësuar ato përvoja që s’mund të shqyrtohen e studiohen nga institucionet shkencore, kulturore a arsimore.
Presidenti Wilson, Shqipëria dhe Konferenca e Paqes së Parisit në revistën “Yll’i Mëngjezit”
Authors: Salliu Bertina
Published: September 2021

Me anë të këtij artikulli dëshirojmë të paraqesim një tablo analitike të tre komponentëve kryesorë që trajtohen specifikisht në revistën “Yll’i Mëngjezit”: Presidentin Wilson, Shqipërinë dhe Konferencën e Paqes së Parisit. Përzgjedhja e kësaj teme nuk është e rastësishme, pasi jemi pikërisht në një kohë që na dikton realizimin e një punimi të tillë: 100-vjetori i Konferencës së Paqes së Parisit. Çështja shqiptare u trajtua në këtë konferencë në kuadër të Çështjes së Adriatikut dhe pati një mbështetje dhe interes të veçantë nga ana e Presidentit Wilson për Shqipërinë. Një delegacion i veçantë shqiptar u dërgua si përfaqësues në këtë konferencë. Në këtë mënyrë dëshirojmë që të theksojmë dhe ripohojmë që edhe pse një shtet i vogël në dukje, Shqipëria arriti të përfaqësohej në këtë konferencë dhe të parashtrohej çështja e saj edhe pse në kuadër të problematikave të tjera të përgjithshme që u prezantuan në konferencë.

Në revistën “Yll’i Mëngjezit” të cilën e kemi marrë në shqyrtim, i kushtohet një rëndësi e veçantë kësaj konference dhe Shqipërisë. Gjithashtu, një vëmendje i kushtohet edhe figurës së Presidentit Wilson për kontributin e tij në konferencë dhe interesin e shfaqur për çështjen shqiptare. Këtyre tematikave i kushtohet një hapësirë e veçantë në të tri vëllimet e revistës. Studimi i kësaj reviste është me shumë vlerë për të kuptuar raportin e shqiptarëve me amerikanët, sidomos vlerësimin e tyre për figurën e Wilsonit nga komuniteti përfaqësues i shqiptarëve që jetonin në Shtetet e Bashkuara të Amerikës.
“Rrojta veç të lë një këngë! Rrojta veç të lë një vepër!
Authors: Bishqemi Astrit
Published: September 2021

Këto javë u shua dhe na la shkrimtari elbasanas, Hyjni Ceka. Përcjelljen me nderime e meritonte se qe një krijues me shumë përmasa. Dhe unë këtu do të mundohem të skicoj disa nga ato.Përmasa e parë e karakterit të tij qe ajo njerëzore, humane.

E njihja Hyjniun prej kohësh. Dhe më ka lënë mbresa komunikimi i tij me të tjerët; komunikim i thjeshtë, i përzemërt, i çiltër. Veç jo me çfarëdolloj njerëzish…
Fati i “Njëmijë e një netëve” në shqip
Authors: Kadaifçiu Oltion
Published: September 2021

“Një mijë e një net” plot me përralla, të pandërprera, iu deshën mbretit Shehrijar, t’i ikte zakonit të keq për të vrarë çdo femër me të cilën e mbyllte natën. Në fund të njëmijë e një netëve, kur Sheherezadja mbaroi gjithë përrallat që dinte, ky sadist i çmendur e fali Sheherezaden tonë aq të dijshme e të kënueme, sa mos me ta marrë mendja dhe fali veten dhe e fali edhe Zoti i madhërishëm që gjithsesi i fal të gjithë.

Njëmijë e një net pagjumësi, Gilgameshi nuk i kishte menduar kurrë të përballueshme1, ndërsa mbreti Shehríjar i duroi pa problem, madje e bëri me dëshirë, vetëm falë përrallave (apo mbase ca novelëza gazmore dhe pse jo edhe ndonjë romani).

Këto njëmijë e një net janë të mbushura plot me dashuriçka që dalldisin princër e mbretër, plot verë ngjyrë rubinësh që gëzon shpirtrat, me xhinde të tërbuar që kalojnë për një ditë shkretëtirën dhe plotësojnë dëshira duke shfrytëzuar thesarin e madh të së nëndheshmes, plot luftra, ngjyra, poezi, dëshira… e histori nga një këndvështrim kaq tjetër…

Dikur, njomzakëve të prerjes sime “Një mijë e një net”, i vinte nëpërmjet një libri jo të plotë, që kishte një dorë të mirë përrallash të lavdishme, mes të cilave të vijnë përnjëherë në mendje Sinbad Detari, Aladini, Ali Baba me dyzet hajdutë, princesha që kishte pushtet në disa botë, apo kali fluturues që ishte që në kopertinë dhe ndonjë xhind. Kurse përrallat për të cilat do të flas këtu, janë një “vepër tjetër”, ku sërish është Sheherezadja që tregon, por përrallat e saj janë më të shumta dhe përmbajtja e tyre fiton një larmi të re. Ato janë për të rritur.
Psychosocial Problems among Urban Women in Postpar-tum Period- A Qualitative Study in Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Santhya G  , VM Ananthaeashwar , Ruma Dutta , Jain Timsi , Gomathy Parasuraman
Published: September 2021

Background: Post-Partum Depression (PPD) is one of the overlooked psychosocial problem among postnatal mothers which is rooted on various personal and social experiences faced The study was carried out with the aim to understand the experiences of postnatal mothers suffering from PPD using qualitative methods.

Methods: A qualitative study was done among 20 postnatal mothers in urban area of Kancheepuram district, suffering from PPD according to Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale. Semi-structured interviews were used to guide the data collection process which was carried out either in their homes or via telephonic calls using in-depth interviews which were recorded and analysed by using thematic analysis.

Results: The major themes that were identified were related to Mental Health, Breast feeding, bonding with their child, relationship with partner, family and friends. The major subthemes in mental health were related to body image issues after delivery of the child, paranoia, feeling anxious, exhausted, feeling bad about not being happy about motherhood. Breastfeeding problems experienced were anxiety related to breastfeeding and cluster feeding.

Conclusion: Awareness about PPD must be created in the community among every household so that people will become sensitised that a term like that is real and will report the same if noticed among their family members.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 17, No. 10
Authors: Zhang Jenny
Published: September 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 17, No. 10 2021.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 16 No. 10
Authors: Lee Stephen
Published: September 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 16 No. 10,  2021
THE STRUCTURE OF PRODUCTION FACTORS IN FARMS AND THEIR PRODUCTIVITY. THE CASE OF VEGETABLE FARMS IN POLAND
Authors: Filipiak Tadeusz , Wicki Ludwik
Published: September 2021

An increase in productivity in agriculture is achieved thanks to technological progress and changing the structure of production factors into more economically effective ones. The observed directions of changes include: production intensification and an increase in the capital-labour ratio. The aim of the presented research is to determine whether the level of production efficiency in vegetable farms depends on the structure of production factors involved in the farm. In this study, data from the Polish FADN for 2010-2017 were used. It was found that the productivity of inputs and profitability of production were at a similar level in each group of farms, while the profitability of work was the highest in farms with capital-intensive production techniques. It was 60% and 100% more, respectively, than in farms with land-intensive and labour-intensive techniques. On the basis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that an increase in the capital-labour ratio leads to a significant increase in labour productivity. In future, rational support for investments on farms may lead to an increase in the competitiveness of agriculture, as well as an increase in the scale of production and changes in the structure of agriculture.
THE ANALYSYS OF LEVEL OF BLOOD-BORNE AND
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED VIRUSES INFECTIONS
OF THE PRISONERS IN THE CONTEXT OF HBV
PREVENTION
Authors: Oleksy-Wawrzyniak Monika , Bartoszewicz Marzenna , Wawrzyniak Marcin
Published: September 2021

The aim of the article is to analyze the level of viral infections transmitted through sexual contact and blood-borne infections in Polish penal institutions and detention centers. The description of the issue presented in the study is primarily aimed at signaling the issue and at trying to indicate possible preventive solutions. It seems inevitable to confront the actual living conditions and situations in the prison environment with the scale of the problem of HIV and HBV/HCV infections. Therefore, the authors consider it necessary to monitor the situation and familiarize the interested specialists in the field of probation with the problem in order to encourage reflection on the possible introduction of preventive measures.
FOOD SECURITY IN NEW EUROPEAN UNION MEMBER STATES – A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW APPROACH
Authors: Poczta-Wajda Agnieszka , Sapa Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

Although Europe is not associated with the problem of food security, in some countries it may occur at the household level. There is not much research on this problem, especially in the EU-10 countries. Therefore, the aim of the article was to conduct a systematic literature review on the food security in the EU-10 countries and to answer the question of what picture of food security emerges from reviewed articles and whether the issue of food security in EU-10 countries has been sufficiently researched. Following the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) methodology, we have identified 58 scientific articles in the Web of Science database devoted to this problem. Results of the review suggest that food security in the EU-10 countries is analyzed mainly at the national level and with the use of secondary data. At the household level it has not been sufficiently studied and existing research is insufficient and not adequately disseminated.
Threats to State Security in the Aspect of Disinformation
Authors: Dukiewicz Tomasz
Published: September 2021

Information in the aspect of security plays a significant role in influencing the spectrum of the functioning of the state. In today’s information chaos, information has become a tool of manipulation and disinformation, also used in the implementation of strategic goals of a given country. States can thus achieve their strategic goals because it is less costly, more difficult to detect, and allows some sort of manipulation of the rationale behind such actions. Such countries include countries for which democracy is only a concept. It can be indicated that information is a raw material that, in the process of manipulation and disinformation, becomes a kind of a tool that can be used in a targeted way. The issue of fighting disinformation is of key importance today.
Generation of Bioelectricity from Organic Fruit Waste
Authors: Rojas Flores Segundo , Nazario-Naveda Renny , Delfín-Narciso Daniel , Gallozo Cardenas Moises , Diaz Diaz Natalia , Valverde Ravelo Karen
Published: September 2021

This research proposes an alternative for companies and farmers through the production of electricity using microbial fuel cells (MFCs) using waste from export products. Nine MFCs were manufactured with zinc and copper electrodes; and as substrates, pineapple, potato and tomato pulp wastes were used in the anode chamber, and residual sludge in the cathode chamber. It was observed that the MFCs with pineapple substrate generated higher values of the electrical parameters, resulting in voltage and current values of 0.3484 ± 0.003 V and 27.88 ± 0.23 mA, respectively. It was also observed that the maximum power density was 0.967 ± 0.059 W/cm2 at a current density of 0.04777 A/cm2 for the same substrate. Acid pH values were observed in the three samples, while the conductivity reached its maximum value on day 23 (69.47 ± 0.91 mS/cm) which declined until the last day of monitoring; the turbidity values increased abruptly after day 22 until the last day where a value of 200.3 ± 2.52 UNT was observed for the pineapple substrate. The scanning electron microscopy for the pineapple substrate MFC electrodes shows the formation of a porous biofilm on the zinc and copper electrodes. These results show that a new form of electricity production has been achieved by generating high voltage and current values, using low-cost materials.
La intervención en el patrimonio arquitectónico en España. 1975-2015
Authors: Muñoz Cosme Alfonso
Published: September 2021

Las labores de conservación, restauración y reutilización del patrimonio arquitectónico en España entre los años 1975 y 2015 han tenido una gran relevancia y han constituido una experiencia extremadamente singular. La apertura a las corrientes internacionales, la importancia del patrimonio como elemento identitario, la gran cantidad de intervenciones, el desarrollo técnico alcanzado en la actuación sobre la arquitectura preexistente y la diversidad de tendencias y propuestas, hacen que estas cuatro décadas constituyan un fenómeno singular y de gran interés en el panorama internacional. La recuperación del patrimonio arquitectónico ha sido generalmente hecha con un buen nivel técnico y como un servicio a la sociedad. A ello han contribuido una legislación adecuada, la descentralización administrativa, la formación especializada, la existencia de grandes inversiones y un creciente interés social por el patrimonio cultural. El resultado son muchas actuaciones de conservación del patrimonio arquitectónico, con criterios muy diversos, pero caracterizadas por la innovación y el alto nivel técnico. En este libro se estudia el desarrollo de la teoría y la práctica de la conservación del patrimonio arquitectónico en nuestro país en la etapa democrática, mediante la división en seis capítulos, más una introducción y unas conclusiones. El estudio comienza por analizar el marco normativo, administrativo y social; a continuación, se aborda el desarrollo de la teoría y las aportaciones conceptuales y metodológicas; finalmente se estudian las realizaciones prácticas, divididas en cuatro periodos coincidentes aproximadamente con periodos decenales.
Barómetro de Innovación 2020
Authors: García Teruel Pedro Juan , Jiménez Jiménez Daniel , Martínez Solano Pedro , Sanz Valle Raquel , Yagüe Guirao José
Published: September 2021

La Cátedra de Innovación para la Especialización Inteligente de la Universidad de Murcia, financiada por el Instituto de Fomento (INFO) de la Región de Murcia, presenta en este informe los resultados del primer Barómetro de la Innovación elaborado por el Observatorio de la Innovación de la Región de Murcia. El objetivo del Observatorio es el de realizar un seguimiento de las actuaciones empresariales y las políticas públicas en materia de innovación, para dotar a la Región de Murcia de información actualizada sobre el sistema regional de innovación. Para ello, se propone elaborar un informe anual con datos sobre el esfuerzo en I+D y la actividad innovadora de las empresas murcianas. La recogida de datos para la elaboración de este primer Barómetro se realizó entre febrero y abril de 2020 y hace referencia a la actividad innovadora de las empresas durante el periodo 2017-2019. La metodología de este estudio es similar a la que emplea el Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) en la Encuesta de Innovación Empresarial, adaptada al tamaño empresarial y la composición sectorial de la Región de Murcia. Confiamos en que la información obtenida en este Barómetro pueda servir para conocer mejor cómo es la innovación empresarial en nuestra región y para impulsar la colaboración entre los distintos agentes del sistema regional de innovación, promoviendo acciones que apoyen a nuestras empresas en sus procesos de innovación y desarrollo.
Limitations on Property Rights
Authors: Medić Duško
Published: September 2021

The modern concept of property cannot be understood without its limitations. Property is a comprehensive but not completely unlimited right. Restrictions represent the ultimate limit of the owner’s legal authority. In addition to the general restriction, there are special legal restrictions on property rights, as well as restrictions based on legal work. Their existence and operation must be within the limits of the guarantees provided by the provisions of the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Constitution of Republika Srpska and the First Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.
Criminal Sanctions for Legal Entities in the Law of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Jovašević Dragan
Published: September 2021

In 2008, the Republic of Serbia adopted a special Law on Liability of Legal Persons for Criminal Offenses. In doing so, on the basis of the international standards contained in the relevant international documents, it joined a large number of countries that introduced criminal liability of legal persons for crimes committed in addition to their responsible persons at the end of the 20th century. For legal persons, the law prescribed a disparate system of criminal sanctions in response to the state-society’s response to such unlawful and punishable conduct. The system of criminal sanctions in the law of the Republic of Serbia includes: penalties, probation and security measures. The law defined the concept, character, legal nature, manner, procedure, pronouncement and execution of criminal sanctions, whose characteristics this particular work speaks of.
Short-Term Prison Sentence in Republic of Srpska’s Criminal Code
Authors: Janković Radenko
Published: September 2021

The appliance of short-term imprisonment penalties is one of the oldest open issues that accompanies imprisonment and one of the oldest problems of criminal law and penology. For one hundred and fifty years, there have been fierce debates about the need of these penalties in criminal law. The new Republic of Srpska’s Criminal Code explicitly stipulates that a short-term prison sentence is up to six months prison sentence. The new Criminal Code completely reformed this penalty by prescribing that it could be applied only exceptionally. The author analyzes the new solution in an attempt to answer the question of whether it is justified in our legislation. Until the new legal solution in our practice, a large part of the prison sentences imposed were short-term prison sentences. The logical question is whether other criminal sanctions and measures are able to satisfactorily fill the rather large gap created by the practically elimination of this penalty.
Use of Legally Non-Binding Instruments in Contemporary Practice of International Relations
Authors: Glodić Duško
Published: September 2021

The article explores the use of legally non-binding (informal) instruments in contemporary international practice by international political actors. In this context, the article examines definitions and main characteristics of legally non-binding instruments, as well as their effects. In addition, the use of this type of instruments was assessed as a practical response to the need of concerting between the political actors at the international plane due to their functionality and flexibility. It was concluded that these instruments implied a softer form, unlike treaties, and the act of their conclusion does not require conducting a formal and cumbersome procedures, such as parliamentary ratification. These instruments imply political commitments between their parties and their effects are usually shielded by the bona fides principle. Although these instruments are generally deprived of legally binding effects, they remain quite pragmatic tools in brokering political agreements at the diplomatic level between relevant international political actors.
Relationship Between the Police and the Prosecutor’s Office in Individual European Countries
Authors: Janjić Miroslav
Published: September 2021

One of the main characteristics of the investigation in Germany is that the public prosecutor is in charge of investigation and the role of the police mainly depends on whether and to what extent the public prosecutor will entrust them with undertaking investigative actions. France has retained the division into inquests and investigation, as well as a powerful investigative judge. When a formal investigation is optional (it is obligatory only in the event of crimes) and is not conducted, inquests are the only form of preliminary proceedings. Preliminary investigations (inquests) are conducted by the judicial police, at the request of a public prosecutor or ex officio. The Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Italy, which was adopted in 1988 and which came into force in 1989, with its subsequent amendments, is significant, among other things, for introducing the accusatory model of criminal procedure instead of the inquisitorial one included in the Criminal Procedure Code of 1930 that was revoked when the new Criminal Procedure Code came into force.
Improvement of the Safety System in the Railway Infrastructure of Montenegro
Authors: Kalač Safet , Hodžić Jasmin , Lukač Denis
Published: September 2021

Safety is an extremely important feature of railway traffic, and, at the same time, it is one of the most important criteria for the organization and functioning of the railways as a complex, technical-technological and dynamic system. [9] Traffic safety is a basic requirement for the operation of the railway system and is based on coordinated activities at the technical and administrative level. The administrative level includes the determination of the obligations and responsibilities of all stakeholders (Infrastructure Managers, Railway Undertakings, Suppliers, Railway Administration, Authorities), and is based on Railway Safety Directive 2004/49 / EC . The technical level includes the definition of standards for each component of the railway system. Continuous development of the safety system is a precondition for the future development of the Railway Infrastructure of Montenegro as a modern and reliable partner in the railway system. The safety system is expected to recognize risks in every work area, that may affect its efficiency in operation, and to eliminate or control them. Hence the need for constant monitoring of the functioning and improvement of the Safety Management System. This Paper presents a classification of the railway system, with all the specifics and infrastructural features. Then, the current state of the safety system in the Railway Infrastructure of Montenegro (RIoM) is analyzed. Finally, based on a comprehensive analysis, in order to improve the existing situation, the Paper presents the concept of Risk Management Models that can adversely affect the safety system.
Time series analysis for water resources management - application to observed and simulated time-series of the groundwater flow numerical model of the coastal plain of Cecina
Authors: Menichetti Stefano , Tessitore Stefano
Published: September 2021

This paper highlights the potentiality of the time series decomposition applied to transient regime groundwater flow models, as water balance management tool. In particular, this work presents results obtained by applying statistical analysis to some observed time series and to time series derived from the groundwater flow model of the coastal plain of Cecina (Tuscany region, Italy), developed in transient regime within the period 2005-2017. The time series of rainfall, river stage and hydraulic heads were firstly analysed, and then time series decomposition was applied to the “accumulated net storage”, to finally discern and quantify two meaningful components of the groundwater budget, the regulatory reserve (Wr = 22 Mm3) and the seasonal resource (Wd = 2.5 Mm3). These values compared with withdrawal volumes (average of 6.4 Mm3/y within the period 2005-2017) allowed to highlight potentially critical balance conditions, especially in periods with repeated negative climatic trends. Operational monitoring and modeling as following corrective and planning actions for the groundwater resource are suggested.
[Vattenriket: the Water Kingdom (Scania County, Sweden)]
Authors: Bilotta Anna Maria , De Caterini Giovanni , Argentieri Alessio
Published: September 2021

[Article in Italian]
Studi Endemisitas dan Epidemiologi Deskriptif Malaria di Kabupaten Purbalingga Tahun 2010-2019
Authors: Sukendar Ghea Efrananditha , Rejeki Dwi Sarwani Sri , Anandari Dian
Published: September 2021

Salah satu permasalahan kesehatan di Jawa Tengah adalah kejadian malaria. Kondisi lingkungan dan perilaku mempunyai peran dalam penyebaran malaria.  Gambaran endemisitas dan upaya pengendalian yang diperlukan sebagai dasar perencanaan tindakan pengendalian malaria. Belum ada data yang menyajikan endemisitas malaria dari tahun 2010-2019 di Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan endemisitas dan menggambarkan kejadian malaria berdasarkan variabel orang, tempat dan waktu dan upaya pengendalian yang sudah dilakukan periode tahun 2010-2019 di Kabupaten Purbalingga. Jenis penelitian yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan populasi yaitu seluruh kasus malaria yang tercatat di dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Purbalingga periode Januari 2010 sampai Desember 2019. Sampel merupakan total populasi. Variabel yang dikumpulkan meliputi API tahunan per kecamatan, jenis kelamin, umur, jenis plasmodium, jenis kasus, wanita hamil, jenis obat, waktu kejadian malaria, tempat dan upaya pengendalian malaria. Sumber data sekunder diperoleh dari laporan bulanan malaria di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Purbalingga dan data primer hasil wawancara dengan staf malaria di Dinas Kesehatan dan Puskesmas. Analisis data secara deskriptif dan spasial untuk menggambarkan endemisitas malaria. Hasil penelitian menunjukan jumlah kasus malaria selama periode 2010-2019 di Kabupaten Purbalingga berjumlah 2.023 kasus. Trend endemisitas API dari dari tahun 2010 sampai 2019 semakin baik, dengan jumlah kecamatan kategori LCI semakin sedikit dan semakin banyak kecamatan dalam kategori bebas malaria. Penyebaran terbanyak di Kecamatan Rembang, Pengadegan, Kaligondang dan Karangmoncol. Karakteristik penderita malaria sebagian besar berusia 15-54 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, jenis infeksi terbanyak  plasmodium falciparum dan  sebagian besar merupakan kasus indigenous.  Upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan malaria di Kabupaten Purbalingga dilakukan secara terus menerus, dengan berbagai jenis upaya program pengendalian.
Formal verification of the extension of iStar to support Big data projects
Authors: Djeddi Chabane , Zarour Nacer-eddine , Charrel Pierre-Jean
Published: September 2021

Identifying all the right requirements is indispensable for the success of anysystem. These requirements need to be engineered with precision in the earlyphases. Principally, late corrections costs are estimated to be more than 200times as much as corrections during requirements engineering (RE). EspeciallyBig data area, it becomes more and more crucial due to its importance andcharacteristics. In fact, and after literature analyzing, we note that currentsRE methods do not support the elicitation of Big data projects requirements. Inthis study, we propose the BiStar novel method as extension of iStar to under-take some Big data characteristics such as (volume, variety ...etc). As a firststep, we identify some missing concepts that currents requirements engineeringmethods do not support. Next, BiStar, an extension of iStar is developed totake into account Big data specifics characteristics while dealing with require-ments. In order to ensure the integrity property of BiStar, formal proofs weremade, we perform a bigraph based description on iStar and BiStar. Finally, anapplication is conducted on iStar and BiStar for the same illustrative scenario.The BiStar shows important results to be more suitable for eliciting Big dataprojects requirements.
Energy redistribution in autonomous hybridization of agent-based computing
Authors: Godzik Mateusz
Published: September 2021

Evolutionary multi-agent systems (EMAS) are very good at dealing with difficult, multi-dimensional problems. Currently, research is underway to improve this algorithm, giving even more freedom to agents not only in solving the problem but also in making decisions on the behavior of the algorithm. One way is to hybridize this algorithm with other existing algorithms creating Hybrid Evolutionary Multi Agent-System (HEMAS). Unfortunately, such connections generate problems in the form of an unbalanced energy level of agents who have made the decision to use such an improvement. One of the solutions is the mechanism of redistributing the agents' energy in the form of an operator. The article presents several proposals of redistribution operators along with numerous experimental results.
The LRRK2 G2019S mutation alters astrocyte-to-neuron communication via extracellular vesicles and induces neuron atrophy in a human iPSC-derived model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: de Rus Jacquet Aurelie , Tancredi Jenna L , Lemire Andrew L , DeSantis Michael C , Li Wei-Ping , O'Shea Erin K
Published: September 2021

Astrocytes are essential cells of the central nervous system, characterized by dynamic relationships with neurons that range from functional metabolic interactions and regulation of neuronal firing activities, to the release of neurotrophic and neuroprotective factors. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), dopaminergic neurons are progressively lost during the course of the disease, but the effects of PD on astrocytes and astrocyte-to-neuron communication remain largely unknown. This study focuses on the effects of the PD-related mutation LRRK2 G2019S in astrocytes generated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. We report the alteration of extracellular vesicle (EV) biogenesis in astrocytes and identify the abnormal accumulation of key PD-related proteins within multivesicular bodies (MVBs). We found that dopaminergic neurons internalize astrocyte-secreted EVs and that LRRK2 G2019S EVs are abnormally enriched in neurites and fail to provide full neurotrophic support to dopaminergic neurons. Thus, dysfunctional astrocyte-to-neuron communication via altered EV biological properties may participate in the progression of PD.
Elevated serum FGF21 predicts the major adverse cardiovascular events in STEMI patients after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Gu Lingyun , Jiang Wenlong , Qian Huidong , Zheng Ruolong , Li Weizhang
Published: September 2021

Background

Although there have been several studies related to serum fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels and acute myocardial infarction, the value of serum FGF21 levels in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been previously investigated.

Methods

A total of 348 STEMI patients who underwent emergency PCI were enrolled from January 2016 to December 2018. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), with a median follow-up of 24 months. Eighty patients with stable angina (SA) who underwent selective PCI served as the control group. Serum FGF21 levels were measured by ELISA.

Results

Serum FGF21 levels were significantly higher in the STEMI group than in the SA group (225.03 ± 37.98 vs. 135.51 ±  34.48, P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that serum FGF21 levels were correlated with NT-proBNP (P < 0.001). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of FGF21 and NT-proBNP were 0.812 and 0.865, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that STEMI patients with lower FGF21 levels had an increased MACE-free survival rate. Cox analysis revealed that high FGF21 levels (HR: 2.011, 95% CI: [1.160–3.489]) proved to be a powerful tool in predicting the risk of MACEs among STEMI patients after emergency PCI.

Conclusion

Elevated FGF21 levels on admission have been shown to be a powerful predictor of MACEs for STEMI patients after emergency PCI.
A statistical approach for modeling shallow (<200 m) temperature profiles in the Pacific Ocean off northwestern Mexico
Authors: Marín-Enríquez Emigdio
Published: September 2021

Temperature is perhaps the most important seawater property. It is a measure of the energy content in the ocean and it affects the metabolic rates, distribution, and abundance of species that are important from the economic and ecological points of view. Satellite-derived oceanographic data have been widely used to assess spatiotemporal variations of sea surface temperature on broad scales; satellites, however, are unable to reach subsurface levels, and obtaining reliable subsurface water temperature data is achieved by either numerical modeling or direct observations, the latter representing a very high-cost alternative. In this paper, a method for modeling temperature profiles is presented. A generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) with a gamma error distribution and an inverse link function was used to model shallow (200 m) temperature profiles in the Pacific Ocean off northwestern Mexico. The dataset included 656 profiles that were linearly interpolated at depth, which resulted in 127,595 observations. The database covered an area from 18.5º to 25.8ºN and from –114.5º to –105.9ºW in a time span from June 2007 to November 2016. The model included temperature as response variable; depth, surface dynamic topography, wind stress curl, latitude, longitude, and the Oceanic Niño Index as covariates; and month as random effect. The final model explained 86% of the total deviance of the dataset used to fit the GAMM. Although important deviations between the observations and the predictions of the model were observed, the results of the validation process and of predictions made on an independent dataset (correlation of observed vs. predicted temperature, 0.93; root-mean-square error, 1.5 ºC) were comparable to the results obtained with more complex modeling techniques, suggesting that this statistical approach is a valuable tool for modeling oceanographic data.
Effect of Pre and Post-Emergence Herbicides on Yield, Economics and Weed Control in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Under Irrigated Medium Land Condition of Jharkhand
Authors: Alam Md. Parwaiz , Shabnam Swati
Published: September 2021

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) production is affected by several factors, out of which weed is one of the most important factors responsible for causing tremendous loss in yield. An experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 at Research Farm of Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand to study the effect of pre and post-emergence herbicide on yield, economics, weed count, weed dry matter and weed control efficiency in linseed. The treatments comprised of weed management practices viz., T1-Weedy Check, T2-Hand weeding twice at 30 and 60 DAS, T3-Metribuzin 250 g/ha + Oxyflourfen 125g/ha (Pre.), T4-Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha (Pre.) fb. metsulfuron methyl 4 g/ha (Post.), T5-Imazethapyr 75 g/ha (Post.), T6-Oxyflourfen125 g/ha (Pre.), T7-Metsulfuron methyl 4 g/ha (Post.), T8-Clodinafop 60 g/ha (Post.), T9-Clodinafop 60 g/ha + metsulfuron methyl 4 g/ha (Post.) and T10-Oxadiargyl 80 g/ha (Pre.), and were replicated thrice. The research outcomes revealed that Hand Weeding twice at 30 and 60 DAS resulted in maximum seed yield (14.26, 15.66 and 14.96 q/ha), net return (Rs. 41635, 45907 and 43771/ha), in 2018-19, 2019-20 and pooled data respectively while among weed parameters hand weeding recorded minimum total weed count at 30 DAS (1.19 and 1.22 /m2) and 60 DAS (3.04 and 3.19 /m2), minimum total weed dry matter at 30 DAS (1.17 and 1.18 g/m2) and at 60 DAS (3.43 and 3.57 g/m2) and maximum weed control efficiency at 30 DAS (97.08 and 96.97%) and at 60 DAS (80.66 and 79.24%) in 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively.
Genetic Dissection of Yield Determinants in Advance Breeding Lines (ABLs) of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Irrigated Condition of Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Noatia Pramod , Sao Abhinav , Tiwari Ajay , Nair S. K. , Gauraha Deepak
Published: September 2021

The present study was undertaken to study the extent of genetic variability, character association and path analysis in 53 irrigated late duration breeding lines for 12 quantitative and 10 quality parameters. Analysis of variance revealed the presence of significant variation among the breeding lines for all the characters except for total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, spikelet fertility percentage and grain yield per plant. The highest magnitude of PCV and GCV were displayed by grain yield per plant followed by harvest index, filled spikelet per panicle and 1000 seed weight. The greater extent of heritability in broad sense were recorded for days to maturity, days to 50% flowering, 1000 seed weight, plant height, total spikelet per panicle, kernel length, kernel L:B ratio, grain length, head rice recovery percentage, amylose content, hulling and milling percentage. However, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean were displayed by plant height, number of spikelet per panicle, filled spikelet per panicle,1000 seed weight, kernel length, kernel L:B ratio, grain length, head rice recovery percentage and amylose content. Grain yield per plant exhibited positive significant correlation with harvest index, effective tillers per plant, 1000 seed weight, spikelet fertility %, days to maturity and days to 50% flowering. Path analysis revealed direct effect on grain yield were exerted by days to 50% flowering followed by harvest index, 1000 seed weight, total tillers per plant, number of spikelet per plant, effective tillers per plant and plant height indicating their importance in rice breeding programs.
Genetic Diversity among Accessions of Indian Spinach (Basella spp. L.) Based on Agro-Morphological Traits
Authors: Sobowale Olalekan Ibrahim , Akinyele Benjamin Oluwole , Odiyi Alexander Chukwunweike , Ajayi Emmanuel Oluwakayode , Adewale Daniel Babasola , Ajayi Oreoluwa Busola
Published: September 2021

Medicinal and nutritional qualities of Indian spinach obviously make it a promising crop for food security in Africa. It exhibits high genetic diversity in its present under-exploited state; therefore, accurate assessment of the existing genetic diversity will be fundamental to its improvement. This study investigated the genetic diversity among twenty (20) accessions of Indian spinach using morphological descriptors. The field experiments were carried out at the Vegetable Research Farm of National Horticultural Research Institute (NIHORT), Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria during rainy seasons of 2016 and 2017. The experimental design adopted was randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data were collected on the vegetative characters, yield and on yield related characters. The data were subjected to Analysis of Variance, Principal Component Analysis and Cluster analyses. The first three principal component (PC) axes observed for year 2016 and 2017 explained 64.66% and 59.99% respectively of the total variation. The clustering method evolved groups of accessions based on similarities of morphological traits. Yield and yield related characters were highly and positively correlated with one another. Stem weight was positively correlated with leaf weight and total plant weight. Likewise, positive correlation existed between leaf weight and total plant weight.
Serum Testosterone Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Laghari Mubeena , Murtaza Shazia , Talpur Zuha , Memon Khalil Ahmed , Tehzeen Aneela , Hamid Mohsina
Published: September 2021

Aim: To determine the serum testosterone levels in the type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with biochemical parameters of glycemic and lipid metabolism.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Biochemistry and Department of Medicine, A cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, Diabetic outpatient department and Department of Medicine, Liaquat University Hospital. Male type 2 diabetics (n=100) and age matched male (n=100) were included as cases and control for study purpose. Diagnosed cases of type 2 DM, male gender and 40 – 60 years of age were included in the study protocol. Physical examination of male type 2 diabetics was performed by a consultant physician. Sera were separated from blood and stored in refrigerators at – 200C. Blood glucose, A1C, and blood lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, LDLc and HDLc) were detected by standard laboratory methods. Serum testosterone was measured by ELISA (competitive immuno- assay) assay commercial kit. Data was entered in Statistical software SPSS 21.0 version (IBM, Incorp, USA) for statistical analysis (P≤0.05).

Results: Mean±SD age of male type 2 diabetics was 53.2 ± 11.1 years compared to 54.5±10.4 years in control (P=0.056). Serum Testosterone in cases was 10.85±4.7 mmol/L compared to 13.39±3.8mmol/L in control (P=0.0001). Low testosterone level was noted in 46% male.Serum Testosterone shows inverse correlation with RBG (r= -0.31, P=0.003), A1C (r= -0.23, P=0.014), Cholesterol (r= -0.24, P=0.014), TAGs (r= --0.78, P=0.0001) and HDLc(r= -0.70, P=0.0001). Serum testosterone proved positively correlated with LDLc(r= 0.670, P=0.0001).

Conclusion: The present study finds low serum testosterone in male type 2 diabetes mellitus patients