bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Newly-found functions of metformin for the prevention and treatment of age-related macular degeneration
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China, Dang Kuan-Rong , Hui Yan-Nian ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China, Du Hong-Jun ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
Published: July 2021

Metformin (MET), a first-line oral agent used to treat diabetes, exerts its function mainly by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein. The accumulation of oxidized phospholipids in the outer layer of the retina plays a key role in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells death and the formation of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), which mean the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Recent studies have shown that MET can regulate lipid metabolism, inhibit inflammation, and prohibit retinal cell death and CNV formation due to various pathological factors. Here, newly discovered functions of MET that may be used for the prevention and treatment of AMD were reviewed.
Analysis Methods Used to Extract Fingerprints Features
Authors: Khrisat Mohammad S. , Zneit Rushdi. S. Abu , Zaini Hatim Ghazi , Alqadi Ziad A.
Published: July 2021

The fingerprint is used in many vital applications important to humans, which requires searching for an effective way to extract the characteristics of the fingerprint. In this paper we will study some of the most popular methods used to extract fingerprints features. For each method the efficiency, accuracy, flexibility and sensitivity for image rotation will be experimentally tested, measured, analyzed in order to give good recommendations of how and when to use a certain method of features extraction. A detailed comparison analysis between MLBP, K_means, WPT, Minutiae methods will be done using several color images in various rotation modes to insure the stability of image features.
Quantitative Analysis of EEG Slow Wave Activity Based on MinPeakProminence Method
Authors: Yildirim Sema , Kocer Hasan Erdinc , Ekmekci Ahmet Hakan
Published: July 2021

Persistent, unchanging, and non-reactive focal or generalized abnormal Slow Wave (SW) activities in an awake adult patient are examined pathologically. Although these waves in Electroencephalogram (EEG) are much less prominent than transient activities in some areas, it is not possible to understand them easily by looking at the EEG. For this reason, reliable computer programs that can sort out Slow Waves (SWs) correctly are needed. In this study, a new method based on MinPeakProminence that can detect abnormal SW activities was developed. To test the performance of the study, the data collected from Selcuk University Hospital (22 subjects - epilepsy and various neurological diseases) and Bonn Hospital (only normal A dataset) were used. Various statistical performance measurement methods were used to search the results. The results of this analysis revealed that the classification success, sensitivity and specificity values obtained with the SUH dataset were 96.5%, 93.3% and 96.1%, respectively. In the results of the experiments made with the Bonn dataset, 100% classification success was achieved. Besides, according to the analyses, it was found that SWs are frequently seen in the posterior regions of the brain, especially in the parietal and occipital regions in the SUH dataset.
Single Sample Discriminant Analysis Based on Gabor Transform
Authors: Ma Wenying
Published: July 2021

To solve the small sample problem of biometric identification, this paper investigates the limiting case of the problem, i.e., the recognition of a single training sample, and proposes a single sample discriminant analysis method based on Gabor wavelet and KPCA-RBF (KPRC) classifier (kernel principal component analysis-radial basis function). The proposed method performs pixel-level fusion of face and palmprint images. Firstly, a face image and a palmprint image were subject to two-dimensional (2D) Gabor wavelet transform. The resulting Gabor face image and Gabor palmprint image were fused on the pixel level into a new fused image. Next, a new classifier called KPCA-RBF was designed to extract nonlinear discriminative features by KPCA, and classify objects with RBF. Based on AR database, FERET database, and palmprint database, the single sample discriminant analysis method was realized based on Gabor transform and KPCA-RBF classifier. Experimental results show that multimodal recognition methods clearly outshine single-modal recognition methods, and the GABOR-KPRC with pixel-level fusion achieves better recognition effect than other fusion methods. It was also demonstrated that Gabor transform and KPRC classifier can effectively improve the fusion effect, whether for pixel-level fusion or decision-level fusion.
Extraction and Classification of Image Features for Fire Recognition Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Qi Ruiyang , Liu Zhiqiang
Published: July 2021

Fire image monitoring systems are being applied to more and more fields, owing to their large monitoring area. However, the existing image processing-based fire detection technology cannot effectively make real-time fire warning in actual scenes, and the relevant fire recognition algorithms are not robust enough. To solve the problems, this paper tries to extract and classify image features for fire recognition based on convolutional neural network (CNN). Specifically, the authors set up the framework of a fire recognition system based on fire video images (FVIFRS), and extracted both static and dynamic features of flame. To improve the efficiency of image analysis, a Gaussian mixture model was established to extract the features from the fire smoke movement areas. Finally, the CNN was improved to process and classify the fire feature maps of the CNN. The proposed algorithm and model were proved to be feasible and effective through experiments.
A vacinação obrigatória como um dever constitucional e um direito fundamental coletivo: saúde pública versus liberdade individual em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Lemos Junior Eloy Pereira , Vasconcelos Gabriela Oliveira Silva
Published: July 2021

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a obrigatoriedade da vacinação, considerando-a um dever constitucional e um direito fundamental coletivo, reconhecendo-se a possibilidade de se estabelecer certas restrições às liberdades individuais em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19, visando a manutenção da saúde pública, direito pertencente não apenas ao indivíduo, mas também à coletividade. A pesquisa justifica-se diante da situação pandêmica que vem atingindo o mundo todo, com consequências ainda desconhecidas e de grandes proporções, além de se mostrar importante a abordagem das limitações à direitos fundamentais, diante do questionamento social acerca da possibilidade de restrição a certas liberdades individuais, sob a alegação da prevalência de direitos coletivos e sociais. Valendo-se do método dedutivo e de pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, conclui-se que a restrição à direitos e liberdades individuais é admissível, visando assegurar a saúde pública e direitos da coletividade em tempos de pandemia, sendo que a vacinação obrigatória pode ser reconhecida, desde que ela seja acompanhada de algumas informações, como componentes e contraindicações, para que não fira a dignidade da pessoa humana.
Resenha à obra “A capacidade civil das pessoas com deficiência e os perfis da curatela” de Vitor Almeida
Authors: Gomes Joanna Dhália Andrade Macedo
Published: July 2021

ALMEIDA, Vitor. A capacidade civil das pessoas com deficiência e os perfis da curatela. Belo Horizonte: Fórum, 2019.
DATA STRUCTURE OF MEDICAL INFORMATION ORGANIZATION AND SELECTING OPTIMAL PATIENT TREATMENT STRATEGIES
Authors: Davydko Oleksandr , Levchyk Liliia , Khlimenkov Olexiy , Averianova Olga
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to develop a clinical information storage and medical decision support system for daily use by physicians during their work with patients. Methods: The article considered approaches to achieve the research goal through the creation of a backend on Django Rest Framework, as well as the application of the simplex method to perform treatment optimization. Results: A server-side software product was obtained, where a special database was implemented, which takes into account the requirements for the data structure of the organization of medical information, and a module for selecting optimal treatment strategies for patients was created. Discussion: The conducted research allowed us to obtain a prototype of medical information system, which will be useful due to its versatility in the data structure of the organization of medical data and the use of machine learning methods to optimize treatment strategies.
GENERATION OF SYNTHETICAL MEDICAL DATA BY MDR-ANALYSIS
Authors: Sazonova Kateryna , Nosovets Olena , Babenko Vitalii , Averianova Olga
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to outline an algorithm for generating synthetic medical data in order to augment small samples of data. Methods: To achieve the research goal, methods such as: correlation analysis (to identify significant variables and the relationships between them), MDR analysis (to build logical chains of relationships between medical data), and regression analysis (to model medical data variables to use this to generate synthetic data) were used. Results: A database of heart failure patients that is publicly available was used to test the developed algorithm for generating synthetic medical data in action; as a result, statistical relationships between data were found and used to build linear regression models. Discussion: The proposed algorithm allows, with a few simple, yet important actions, to perform the generation of medical data, which makes it possible to obtain large data sets that can be used to implement machine learning methods in any tasks related to medicine.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Existential, Cognitive-Existential, and Humanistic-Existential Group Psychotherapy on Sexual Satisfaction in Women with Type-2 Diabetes
Authors: Nasiri Hanis1 Ghaffar , Sadeghi Masoud , Gholamrezaei Simin
Published: July 2021

Aim: The purpose of this research was to study the comparison of the effectiveness of existential, cognitive-existential, and humanistic-existential group psychotherapy on sexual satisfaction among women with type-2 diabetes.
Methods: The research was a randomized controlled trial conducted through an experimental method and its experimental design included a pre-test, post-test, with two-month follow-up test with parallel experimental groups and a control group. The research sample population included women with type 2 diabetes referred to Towhid diabetes hospital during the first quarter of 2019. Thirty-two subjects were selected from this population through random sampling and assigned to the two experimental and the control group using random assignment. Data was collected using the Sexual Satisfaction Scale (Meston & Trapnell, 2005). Experimental groups' subjects participated in 9 separate 120-minute weekly groups sessions.
Findings: The results of the general linear model with repeated measures test showed that interventions of cognitive-existential and humanistic-existential significantly increased sexual satisfaction compared to the control group (F= 4; P<0/05). The results also showed the greater effect of the cognitive-existential (MD= 6; P<0/05) and humanistic-existential groups (MD= 1; P<0/05) on the post-test and a greater effect of the existential group on the follow-up test (MD= 12; P<0/05).
Conclusion: The application of cognitive-existential and humanistic-existential group psychotherapy to increase sexual satisfaction among women with type-2 diabetes is more effective than existential psychotherapy for successful counseling and psychotherapy.
Presenting Causal Model in Explaining the Relationship between Self-differentiation and Forgiveness with Marital Satisfaction based on the Mediating Role of Religious Orientation
Authors: Toloo Takmili Torabi Nadereh , Vakili Parivash , Fattahi Andebil Azam
Published: July 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between self-differentiation and forgiveness with marital satisfaction based on the mediating role of religious orientation.
Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all married teachers working in the sixth and seventh grade in Tehran's 6th educational district, with a total of 4,080 people, among whom 28 schools and 304 volunteer teachers were randomly selected. To collect research data, the following tools were used:  Differentiation of Self Inventory by Skowron, E. A., & Schmitt (2003), Family Forgiveness Scale by Pollard, Anderson, Anderson & Jennings (1998), Religious Orientation Questionnaire by Allport & Ross (1967), and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale by Fournier, Olson & Druckman (1983) were used. After deleting 10 distorted questionnaires and 3 outliers, structural equation modeling was used for data analysis.
Results: In this study, the direct path coefficient between internal religious orientation and marital satisfaction (P<0.01, β=0.337) was positive and significant at the 0.01 level. Indirect path coefficient between self-differentiation and marital satisfaction (β = 0.149, P <0.01) and indirect path coefficient between forgiveness and marital satisfaction (P <0.01, β = 0.129) were positive and significant at 0.01 level.
Conclusion: Since internal religious orientation can be effective in improving relationships and marital satisfaction, it is suggested that in marital counseling, strengthening the religious beliefs of couples be used.
İlk Dönem Hilâfet Tartışmalarında Abbâsîlerin Konum ve Tutumu (M. 632-750)
Authors: DALKILIÇ Mehmet
Published: July 2021

Abbâsîler, Abbâs bin Abdülmuttalib’in soyundan gelmektedirler. Peygamberin amcası ve ailenin en önemli ismi olan Hz. Abbâs İslam’ı kabilenin diğer üyelerine kıyasla daha geç bir dönemde kabul etmiştir. Bu durum hilâfet tartışmalarında onları geri planda bırakmıştır. Hz. Abbâs, Hz. Ali’nin halifeliği için gayret göstermiş olmakla birlikte başarılı olamamıştır. Emevîler dönenimde siyasi olaylardan uzak durmaya çalışan Abbâsîler Halife Velid bin Abdülmelik döneminden itibaren siyasi çekişmelerde taraf olmuştur. Ebu Hâşim’in vasiyeti ile iktidar mücadelesine girişen aile üyeleri gizli biçimde ihtilal hareketini başlatmışlardır. İhtilalin başarı ile sonuçlandığı ana kadar gerçek niyetlerini gizlemişlerdir.. Bu çalışma Hz. Peygamberin vefatından başlayarak iktidara geliş sürecine kadar Abbâsî ailesinin hilâfet hususunda konum ve tutumlarını izah etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca Abbâsîlerin Emevî ve Hz. Ali soyu ile olan ilişkisini ele almaktadır.
İmâmiyye Şîası’nın Aşere-i Mübeşşere’ye Yaklaşımı
Authors: DEMİR Abdulalim
Published: July 2021

Sünnî toplumlarda büyük bir meşruiyet zeminine ve şöhrete sahip olan Aşere-i Mübeşşere mevzusunun İmâmiyye Şîası’nda nasıl işlendiğini bilmek onların konuyla ilgili tasavvurlarını delilleriyle serdetmek bütüncül bir bakış açısı için önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Ehl-i Sünnet ve İmâmiyye Şîası hadis kaynaklarında geçen Aşere-i Mübeşşere ile ilgili rivayetler incelenmiş ve Şîa’yı farklı bir bakış acısına sevk eden âmiller üzerinde durulmuştur. Bunların neticesinde onların Aşere-i Mübeşşere hadisini kabul etmemesinin Hz. Peygamber’in vefatından sonra Aşere-i Mübeşşere’ye dâhil olan bazı sahâbîler arasında meydana gelen siyasi olaylar olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Bâkıllânî’nin Nübüvveti Ispat Noktasında Berâhime’nin Eleştirilerine Verdiği Cevaplar
Authors: UYSAL Ekrem
Published: July 2021

İslâm itikâdında nübüvvet konusu en önemli meselelerden biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Genel olarak kelâmcılar bu konuyu imkân, lüzum, olgu ve ıspat noktasında ele alarak değerlendirmişlerdir. Buna göre Yüce Allah’ın nübüvvetin imkânı noktasında insanlara peygamber göndermesi aklen mümkün müdür, eğer mümkün ise bu nasıl gerçekleşmiştir gibi konular esas noktayı oluşturmaktadır. Nübüvvetin lüzumu konusunda ise tarih boyunca insanların aklî melekelerinin yanında peygamberlere ihtiyaç duyup duymayacakları önem arzetmektedir. Buradan hareketle nübüvveti kısmen veya tamamen inkâr eden Dehriyye, Berâhime ve Sümeniyye gibi akımlara karşı geliştirilen yöntemler ve ortaya konulan delillerle nübüvvet ıspat edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bununla birlikte Yahudi ve Hristiyanlarla da nübüvvetin mahiyeti, peygamberlerde bulunması gereken sıfatlar, bazı peygamberlerin kabul edilip bazılarının reddedilmeleri gibi alanlarda görüş ayrılıklarından dolayı tartışmalar yaşanmıştır.
Fuat Sezgin’in Tespitleri Işığında İslam Düşünce Geleneğinde Eleştiri Kültürünü Besleyen Temel Dinamikler
Authors: BATAR Yusuf
Published: July 2021

Bu makalede Fuat Sezgin’in bilim tarihine ilişkin tespitleri ışığında İslam düşünce geleneğinde eleştiri kültürünün oluşumuna kaynaklık eden temel dinamikler analiz edilmektedir. Sezgin’in tespitlerine göre Müslümanların bilimsel üretim süreci; tercüme faaliyetlerinin başladığı sekizinci yüzyıl, alma ve kabul etme safhası; sekizinci yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren özümseme safhası ve dokuzuncu yüzyıldan itibaren de birçok alanda özgün çalışmaların ortaya çıkmaya başladığı uzun bir süreçtir.
Sezgin’in üç aşamalı olarak ele aldığı söz konusu bilimsel üretim yolculuğunda Müslümanlarda güçlü bir eleştiri kültürünün hâkim olduğunu görebiliyoruz. Nitekim “alma ve kabul etme safhası” olarak isimlendirilen dönemde başka kültürlere ait eserler ve uygulamalar cesaretli bir şekilde alınmış ve kısa bir süre sonra özümsenmiştir. Bu makalede Müslümanlardaki eleştiri kültürünü besleyen bu temel dinamikler, özgüven, yaratıcılık, tekâmül düşüncesi, ilmi hassasiyet, teori ve uygulama bütünlüğü, bilimde evrensellik, çalışma ahlakı ve öğretmen-öğrenci iletişimi başlıkları altında incelenmektedir.
Kur’ân’daki Mübhemâtın İdeolojik Yorumu: Kummî Örneği
Authors: SALMAZZEM Mehmet
Published: July 2021

Kur’ân, benzersiz bir yapıya sahip olmakla birlikte kendi nüzûlüne tanıklık eden toplumun dil inceliklerini büyük oranda muhafaza etmiştir. Kur’ân’ın mübhem ifadeler içermiş olmasını da bu bağlamda sayabiliriz. Kur’ân’daki mübhemâtı aynı zamanda O’nun evrenselliğine müteveccih önemli bir unsur olarak görmek mümkündür. Ne var ki bunlara yönelik bazı yorumların, Kur’ân’ın evrensel mesajını gölgelediği anlaşılmaktadır. Bilhassa mutaassıp bazı isimlerin, kendi ideolojilerini desteklemek gibi mülahazalarla Kur’ân’daki mübhemâta yönelik yorumlar yaptığı bilinmektedir. Örneğin Şia’ya müntesip bazı isimlerce Kur’ân’ın ruhuna muhalif “aşırı” nitelikli yorumların sayısı az değildir. Şia’sının sembol isimlerinden olan Kummî bunlardan biridir. Tefsirine bakıldığında Kummî’nin Kur’ân’daki mübhem ifadelerin çoğunu mezhebî kaygıları öne çıkaran; keyfî bir yaklaşımla yorumlamaya çalıştığı görülmektedir. Kummî örneğinde Kur’ân’daki mübhemâtın ideolojik yorumunu kritize etmeyi hedefleyen bu çalışmada doküman analizi metoduna başvurulmuştur.
O léxico da moda na sociedade de consumo: os campos lexicais da categoria vestuário nas lojas digitais Hering e Renner
Authors: Tavares Netto Giovanna Maria , Castorino Pauler , Duarte Xavier Vanessa Regina
Published: July 2021

A moda modifica-se ao longo dos tempos, buscando sempre novas tendências e estilos. Conforme a moda se transforma, alteram-se também as unidades terminológicas deste campo. À luz disso, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a estruturação léxico-semântica dos substantivos e adjetivos presentes em nomes de peças do vestuário adulto, feminino e masculino, nos sites das lojas Hering e Renner, coletados no segundo semestre de 2019. Além disso, intenta compreender a relação entre léxico, moda e consumo, refletindo sobre como o léxico auxilia na venda de vestuários da moda, em específico, nas lojas digitais. Sendo assim, estruturamos as unidades terminológicas coletadas em campos lexicais, à luz de Farias (2003), observando-se as relações semânticas neles presentes. A investigação embasou-se em Biderman (2001), Antunes (2012), Carvalho (2000), Coseriu (1977), Abbade (2011), Henriques (2018) e Lopes e Rio-Torto (2007). Nesse seguimento, considera-se que esta pesquisa colabora com o estudo lexical da moda, em especial em sua relação com o consumo.
Descrição do léxico por meio de nomes de operações policiais a partir de um corpus de notícias
Authors: Fromm Guilherme , Santos Candice Guarato
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de mostrar os principais resultados de uma pesquisa lexical sobre nomes de operações policiais por meio de um corpus de notícias. O foco do presente estudo é analisar as informações sobre as origens dos nomes das operações apresentadas pelas notícias. Esses dados foram identificados com o auxílio de um software de análise lexical. No corpus, foram identificados 31 nomes de operações inspiradas em nomes de lugares, 28 nomes que remetem a estrangeirismos e 20 nomes que fazem alusão às Mitologias. As análises mostraram que: há operações que recebem o nome do local de onde foram realizadas, especialmente de nomes de bairros, e outras que são nomeadas com topônimos por metáfora; há o uso estrangeirismos da língua inglesa, principalmente nos casos de combate a crimes cibernéticos, e do latim; no caso das mitologias, há a preferência pela mitologia grega e há a relação de metáfora entre o nome e o elemento mitológico. As perspectivas teóricas foram embasadas na Lexicologia e na Onomástica. A metodologia foi guiada pela Linguística de Corpus.
Synthesis of nitrogen and oxygen containing heterocyclic compounds using nano catalyst: A review
Authors: ROY Atish , BAHE Anil , CHANDERIYA Aayushı , DANGİ Hemlata , MİSHRA Pratibha , MİSHRA Arunesh , DAS Ratnesh
Published: July 2021

In organic synthesis, nanocatalysts play a significant role. Nitrogen- and oxygen-containing based heterocyclic atoms are the substantial and essential primary units available in different organically dynamic characteristic items, industrial and pharmaceutical, and agrochemicals. Nanoparticles (NPs) or nanoclusters (NCs) have high synergist action; the maintainable and financial advantages of the convention are the exceptional returns of items, short response time, primary stir-up method, and utilization of a non-poisonous and reusable impetus the response. The current review looks at the various forms of nanocatalysts used to form heterocyclic compound synthesis and some other important ring functionalization.
The Posthumanist Concepts of Life and Death, From the Viewpoint of Paul Ricoeur’s Hermeneutics of the Self. A Critical Analysis
Authors:   Lecturer, „Emanuel” University of Oradea, Romania, Taloș Călin-Ioan
Published: July 2021

How can the human self face the paradigm shifts that posthumanism mobilizes? We intend to answer this question setting out from the concept of Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of the self. According to this hermeneutics, the self is capable of action, self-reflection, called by Ricoeur “attestation”, and of the fact that it can be accompanied by the moral values acquired. We will notice that Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of the self can be reduced to an ontology of the self deeply engraved by three dialectics, self-reflection, identity, and the relationship between the self-as-another and anothers-as-self. We will subsequently infer that the self holds ontologically the condition of being a self constrained by the manner of being as orientation. This condition represents the fundamental limit of consciousness which, consequently, contributes significantly to an epistemlogy of the consciousness that sketches out the project of a hermeneutics which places both language and consciousness at the centre of the process of differentiation between the posthumanist narratives about life and death.
Obraz czarownicy w najnowszej polskiej historiografii procesów o czary w czasach wczesnonowożytnych
Authors: Manyś Bernadetta
Published: July 2021

W artykule podjęto próbę charakterystyki obrazu kobiety-czarownicy, jaki wyłania się w polskiej historiografii procesów o czary toczących się w dobie wczesnonowożytnej w świetle prowadzonych badań nad niewiastą. W tym kontekście nasuwa się szereg pytań, na które próbowano udzielić odpowiedzi w artykule, m.in.: na jakie czynniki zwracają uwagę badacze charakteryzujący kobiety oskarżone o czary, czy posądzenie o czynienie zła i spółkowanie z diabłem uzależnione było od konkretnych czynników (płci, funkcji biologicznych kobiety), czy raczej wynikało z przynależności do konkretnej grupy społecznej, bądź też warunkowane było sytuacją gospodarczą, w jakiej przyszło żyć oskarżonym. Postawiono również pytanie, na ile dotychczasowe ustalenia obalają stereotyp czarownicy utrwalony w zbiorowej pamięci mieszkańców Rzeczypospolitej. Prezentowane rozważania stanowią punkt wyjścia do dalszej dyskusji w zakresie analizowanego problemu. Nie stanowi on zatem przeglądu czy też rewizji badań nad magią, czarami i procesami, a także stanowiska Kościoła katolickiego, które szeroko zostało omówione w dotychczasowych pracach.
Miary i skale zaawansowania starości demograficznej
Authors: Kowaleski Jerzy , Majdzińska Anna
Published: July 2021

Przedstawione w tekście miary i skale oceniające zaawansowanie starości demograficznej przydatne są w formułowaniu diagnoz ilościowych na temat badanego procesu. Rozpoznania takie, których próby w formie przykładów zostały wcześniej przedstawione, winny stanowić punkt wyjścia w analizach (bieżących i prospektywnych) różnorodnych konsekwencji starzenia demograficznego dla funkcjonowania dziedzin stanowiących elementy składowe życia społeczno-gospodarczego, takich jak: rynki pracy, systemy zabezpieczenia społecznego, rozmiary popytu na dobra i usługi, w szczególności w zakresie ochrony zdrowia – generowane przez osoby starsze.
Migracje osób starszych – konceptualizacja i operacjonalizacja
Authors: Kałuża-Kopias Dorota
Published: July 2021

Założeniem autorki było aby niniejszy tekst stanowił praktyczny przewodnik po wybranych metodach analizy, które można wykorzystać badając subpopulację starszych migrantów. Punkt wyjścia stanowią rozważania na temat podstawowych pojęć, w szczególności pojęcia migracji osób starszych. W kolejnym paragrafie zostały omówione dostępne źródła danych, dotyczące mobilności przestrzennej. W paragrafie trzecim autorka zaprezentowała mierniki ruchu wędrówkowego, które wykorzystuje się do oceny ruchliwości subpopulacji seniorów. W ostatniej części omówiła wybrane modele teoretyczne, wyjaśniające mechanizmy migracji osób starszych. Przedstawiła główne idee i założenia modeli teoretycznych, wykorzystywanych do bardziej zaawansowanych analiz ruchu wędrówkowego seniorów.
Zapotrzebowanie na usługi opiekuńcze w kontekście starzejącej się populacji
Authors: Szweda-Lewandowska Zofia
Published: July 2021

Celem niniejszego rozdziału jest zaprezentowanie metod oceny zapotrzebowania na różnorodne formy pomocy, świadczone przez nieformalne sieci wsparcia oraz przez samorząd terytorialny. Przed przestąpieniem do oszacowywania potencjału pielęgnacyjnego rodziny, szacowania zapotrzebowania na pomoc środowiskową i instytucjonalną, omówione zostały determinanty konieczności korzystania z danego typu wsparcia oraz przybliżona została struktura wsparcia niesamodzielnych osób starych w Polsce.
Evaluation of the intensive English language teaching programme for the fifth grade according to teachers’ views
Authors: Tavoosy Yoones
Published: July 2021

With the increase in international exchange of information, language policies of countries have focused especially on the teaching and learning of English, the universal language of communication. The aim of the study is to evaluate the intensive English language teaching programme for the fifth grade according to the teachers’ views. The research is conducted in the phenomenological pattern, one of the qualitative research methods. In the 2018–2019 academic year, data were collected by interviewing with 26 volunteer English teachers in 7 different districts of İstanbul. Descriptive and content analysis methods were used for analysing the data. From the results, most of the teachers generally have expressed positive opinions about the intensive English language course for the fifth grade and its curriculum. This paper recommends that the content should be eased by reducing the number of unit numbers and grammar subjects in the curriculum.
 
Keywords: Intensive course, English language, teaching programme, programme evaluation, teachers’ views, the fifth grade.
Requisitos a superar de la Normativa Restrictiva de la Unión Europea con respecto a la mosca de la fruta, impuesta a los agroexportadores de mangos desde el 2019
Authors:   , Galindo Valer Fabiola Alejandra , Guzmán Quispe Luisa Katherine
Published: July 2021

Una de las medidas de proteccionismo de los países frente a las importaciones de productos vegetales es el requerimiento de certificación sanitaria, con la finalidad de proteger al país frente al posible ingreso de plagas cuarentenarias. La mosca de la fruta es una de las plagas más perjudiciales económicamente a nivel mundial, en vista de que ocasiona pérdidas anuales del total de producción agrícola de los países hospedantes. De igual forma, los agricultores de estos países se ven sumamente afectados, debido a que deben invertir en diferentes mecanismos tanto de control, como de erradicación de plagas. Nuestro país no es exento a esta plaga, por lo que en muchos casos nuestras exportaciones se han visto restringidas. El año pasado la Unión Europea impuso una serie de restricciones a la importación de mango a través de una serie de requisitos con la finalidad de que el Perú cumpla al menos con uno de ellos para que sus exportaciones de mango no se vean afectadas, los requisitos impuestos fueron país libre de la mosca de la fruta, área libre de la mosca de la fruta, parcela que durante los últimos tres meses no haya tenido rastro de la mosca de la fruta o aplicar un tratamiento eficaz. En la presente investigación buscamos analizar cada uno de estos requisitos y establecer a cuál de ellos debería acogerse nuestro país.
Internationalization of Higher Education: A Stakeholder Approach
Authors: Kumar P. M. Suresh , Aithal P. S.
Published: July 2021

Internationalization in higher education has been catching up as a trend receiving attention more recently than before. Academia, institutions, scholars, parents, host nations, and home countries all constitute a vicious circle of stakeholders who play a role in internationalization. Each of them has something to take and something to give, and all of them stand to benefit from it. Internationalization is achieved through various means. By opening up their border for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in higher education, countries navigate their opportunities to connect with foreign universities. However, this is limited by political decisions. Moreover, all of what constitutes a learning environment cannot be cloned and eventually miss out on the real experience that you get there. The alternative is to further the educational ‘migration’, cost and affordability notwithstanding. In both the former and the latter, the stakeholders are key instruments in the process. Therefore, any attempt to study internationalization should take into account a stakeholder perspective to examine the advantages and benefits which might accrue to them, more so the constraints and disadvantages. This would necessitate a systemic analysis of both types of supporting systems that favour internationalization. This paper aims to narrate a stakeholder perspective. An attempt is made to examine the key stakeholder issues and critical constituent elements that need to be addressed to facilitate internationalization. Internationalization as a global ranking parameter for educational institutions and its relation with gross enrolment ratio (GER) is also discussed.
ISOLYQUIRITIGENIN AFFECTS PHAGOCYTES FUNCTIONS AND INCREASES MICE SURVIVAL RATE IN STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTION
Authors: Solenova E. A. , Pavlova S. I.
Published: July 2021

The results of studying the effect of isoliquiritigenin on animal survival in the model of staphylococcal infection and the function of human and animal phagocytes are presented in this article.

The aim of the investigation was to study the effect of an isoliquiritigenin preliminary administration on the survival of animals against the background of staphylococcal infection, as well as on the function of phagocytes in mice and humans.

Materials and methods. To assess the survival of Balb/C mice, a model of infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus J49 ATCC 25923 with the construction of Kaplan-Meier curves, was used. The effect on the phagocytes functions was studied by assessing the peptone-induced migration of phagocytes into the abdominal cavity of Balb/C mice, the absorption activity of phagocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) of human blood, as well as their production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) using а flow cytometry.

Results. It was found out that a preliminary triple intraperitoneal administration of isoliquiritigenin (30 mg/kg) increases the survival rate of Balb/C mice in staphylococcal infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus J49 ATCC 25923. At the same time, isoliquiritigenin dose-dependently activates the production of reactive oxygen intermediates by human neutrophils and monocytes without statistically significantly suppressing a phagocytic activity of monocytes and neutrophils against fluoresceinisothiocyanate-labeled S. aureus J 49 ATCC 25923, as well as peptone-induced migration of phagocytes into the abdominal cavity of mice.

Conclusion. Thus, a preliminary administration of isoliquiritigenin increases the survival rate of mice with staphylococcal infection and increases the production of reactive oxygen intermediates by phagocytes. The data obtained, can become the basis for further research of antibacterial and immunotropic effects of isoliquiritigenin in order to find new drugs for the treatment of staphylococcal infection.
Interven����es a pacientes com mediastinite p��s-esternotomia: revisǜo integrativa da literatura
Authors: Cruz Carolina Let��cia dos Santos , De Mattia Ana Lǧcia , Barbosa Jaqueline Almeida Guimarǜes , Bolela Fabiana , Borges Eline Lima , Simino Giovana Paula Rezende
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: analisar as evidǦncias dispon��veis na literatura sobre as interven����es a pacientes com mediastinite p��s-esternotomia. MǸtodo: Revisǜo integrativa com busca dos estudos primǭrios nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE (via PUBMED), CINAHL e BDENF, publicados em inglǦs, portuguǦs e espanhol. Resultados: Os oito artigos analisados mostram que, na maioria deles, a interven��ǜo mais utilizada foi terapia por pressǜo negativa, associada ou nǜo a antibioticoterapia e cirurgia reconstrutora. Conclusǜo: As evidǦncias cient��ficas geradas fornecem subs��dios para a tomada de decisǜo quanto ��s interven����es para pacientes p��s-cirurgia card��aca com mediastinite, bem como a identifica��ǜo de lacunas do conhecimento, para a condu��ǜo de novas pesquisas com o prop��sito de implementar interven����es de enfermagem a esses pacientes.
InfluǦncia da satisfa��ǜo acadǦmica na comunica��ǜo de enfermeiros
Authors: Alves Francine Da Costa , Puggina Ana Claudia Giesbrecht
Published: July 2021

Objetivos: Correlacionar a satisfa��ǜo acadǦmica com a comunica��ǜo interpessoal do enfermeiro; associar as caracter��sticas sociodemogrǭficas e profissionais com a comunica��ǜo interpessoal do enfermeiro. MǸtodo: Estudo anal��tico transversal. Utilizou-se a Escala de Satisfa��ǜo com a ExperiǦncia AcadǦmica de Estudantes do Ensino Superior; a Escala de CompetǦncia em Comunica��ǜo Interpessoal e a Escala sobre Profissionalismo e CompetǦncia em Comunica��ǜo Interpessoal Enfermeiro e Paciente. Resultados: Participaram 397 enfermeiros. Enfermeiros com menor tempo de forma��ǜo, mais jovens e cat��licos, demonstraram mais disponibilidade nas rela����es; os que estudaram em institui����es pǧblicas mostraram mais habilidade para expressar sentimentos; aqueles que nǜo tinham forma��ǜo prǸvia na ǭrea de enfermagem foram mais capazes de demonstrar compreensǜo e perceber o que as pessoas sentem; tanto aqueles que se declararam cat��licos quanto sem religiǜo referiram ter mais sinceridade nas rela����es enfermeiro-paciente. Conclus��es: Quanto mais satisfeitos com a experiǦncia acadǦmica, melhor Ǹ a comunica��ǜo interpessoal do enfermeiro.
ViolǦncia no trabalho contra os trabalhadores de enfermagem e seus imbricamentos com a saǧde mental
Authors: Da Silva Junior RenǦ Ferreira , Gusmǜo Ricardo Otǭvio Maia , Araǧjo Diego Dias de , Cardoso DǸbora Soares , Castro Luana Mendes , E Silva Carla Silvana De Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer a percep��ǜo da violǦncia experienciada por trabalhadores de enfermagem no ambiente de trabalho e seus imbricamentos com a saǧde mental. MǸtodo: Foi conduzido um estudo de cunho qualitativo, tendo como suporte tǸcnico conceitual os preceitos da teoria do Interacionismo Simb��lico, em um hospital pǧblico de grande porte. A coleta de dados foi realizada, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, a partir do referencial de Minayo, no qual utilizou-se a Anǭlise de Conteǧdo. Resultados: Observa-se, com base nas falas dos profissionais, que a violǦncia Ǹ um fen��meno presente no trabalho, o que gera revolta e sofrimento. Como consequǦncia, emergem sentimentos de culpa, preocupa��ǜo, tensǜo, estresse, desespero, raiva, sendo diversas as repercuss��es no trabalho. Conclus��es: A violǦncia, no ambiente de trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem, produz sofrimento e riscos �� saǧde mental do trabalhador, assim, surge a preocupa��ǜo em rela��ǜo �� saǧde mental dos trabalhadores da enfermagem e a necessidade de a����es articuladas e focadas na saǧde do trabalhador e na preven��ǜo da violǦncia.
Desenvolvimento e valida��ǜo de um roteiro de co-debriefing para o suporte bǭsico de vida simulado
Authors: Nascimento Juliana Silva Garcia , Pires Fabiana Cristina , Regino Daniela Da Silva Garcia , Nascimento Kleiton Gon��alves do , Siqueira Tainǭ Vilhar , Dalri Maria Celia Barcellos
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar um roteiro para planejar e executar o co-debriefing na simula��ǜo cl��nica do suporte bǭsico de vida no adulto. MǸtodo: Estudo metodol��gico realizado em duas etapas: revisǜo de literatura nas fontes National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed�� ); Scopus; Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em CiǦncias da Saǧde (LILACS) e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), utilizando-se o Rayyan para a sele��ǜo, e valida��ǜo por 16 experts, adotando-se o �_ndice de Validade de Conteǧdo. Resultados: Identificaram-se 2694 estudos, e cinco compuseram a amostra, descrevendo: a defini��ǜo e objetivo do codebriefing; pǧblico alvo; objetivos de aprendizagem; recursos materiais; procedimento; observa����es e referǦncias. Obteve-se um �_ndice de Validade do roteiro de 0,97. Conclusǜo: Considerou-se o roteiro vǭlido para planejar e executar o co-debriefing na simula��ǜo do suporte bǭsico de vida, contribuindo para enfermagem por sustentar o co-debriefing e potencializar o desenvolvimento de competǦncia cl��nica.
Conhecimento e reflex��es sobre estomias de elimina��ǜo: uma abordagem em grupo com enfermeiras
Authors: Nicǭcio da Silva Priscilla , Chrystina Rocha Izabella , Alves Bueno Diovana Marielle , De Moraes Rezende da Silva Mariane , Katagiri Satie , Kamada Ivone
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Relatar os saberes e vivǦncias de enfermeiras sobre estomias de elimina��ǜo durante a participa��ǜo em uma educa��ǜo permanente em saǧde. MǸtodo: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, de carǭter anal��tico e interpretativo, desenvolvido com enfermeiras. Foi constru��do um grupo focal para a realiza��ǜo da atividade de educa��ǜo permanente. Resultados: A partir da anǭlise, surgiram trǦs categorias temǭticas: experiǦncias com estomias de elimina��ǜo, desafios que envolvem o cuidado da pessoa com estomia de elimina��ǜo e percep����es sobre o grupo focal. Conclusǜo: A educa��ǜo permanente favoreceu o aprofundamento do conhecimento e o amadurecimento profissional das participantes, promoveu discuss��es e debates que podem melhorar a prǭtica cl��nica e reflex��es quanto ao papel do enfermeiro sobre a assistǦncia �� pessoa com estomia de elimina��ǜo.
Minimum Authorized Capital After the Enactment of Job Creation Law: Status Quo, Controversies, and Road Ahead
Authors: Wiryadi Kania Jennifer , Novendra Bayu
Published: July 2021

In a limited liability company, capital becomes one of the primary elements. However, the regulation regarding capital in Indonesia has changed several times, as its latest concern on the enactment of the omnibus bill on Job Creation Law in 2020. This paper discussed the following problems. First, what are the status quo and the development of regulations regarding minimum capital requirements in Indonesia? Second, what are the pros and cons of minimum capital requirement regulations and their developments in other countries? Third, what is the minimum capital requirements regulation that suits the conditions in Indonesia? This paper used legal research, emphasizing literature study. In so doing, the data were analyzed with the deductive method to construct conclusions. This paper showed that each limited liability company from the 1995 Limited Company Law, the 2007 Limited Company Law to the Job Creation Law had various minimum capital requirements provisions that lasted to its abolishment under the Job Creation Law. In this context, the initial policy on the minimum capital requirement was to protect creditors. In practice, however, this policy was not effective because of many other effective alternatives to protect creditors, by encouraging transparency in corporate transactions and offering easy access to corporate information. The dominance of micro and small business units in Indonesia (99% of business units) explained the urgency of eliminating minimum capital requirements regulations. The elimination of minimum authorized capital requirements was a tremendous effort to strengthen micro and small enterprises.

KEYWORDS: Limited Liability Company, Job Creation Law, Company Law.
Regression analysis of the interrelation between galectin-3 and factors aggravating chronic heart failure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University, Ankudinov A.S. , Kalyagin A.N. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University
Published: July 2021

Aim of study. To reveal the most significant risk factors of chronic heart failure (CHF) decompensation against the background of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to carry out a regression analysis of galectin-3 level. Material and methods. Study group: 134 CHF RA patients; comparison group: 122 CHF patients without RA. The functional CHF class of the study participants was I-II according to the NYHA. The RA diagnosis was established based on X-ray examination and serological testing including determination of the rheumatoid factor, antibodies to the cyclic citrullinated peptide and C-reactive protein. The activity of the inflammatory process was evaluated using the DAS28 index and the visual analogue scale for pain. The X-ray stage of RA was I-III according to Steinbrocker classification in all patients enrolled. The medicines for CHF treatment were comparable in the groups. The disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug was methotrexate. Patients who did not receive methotrexate due to development of adverse effect and/or individual intolerance were administered 20mg leflunomide per day. Additionally, NSAIDS were used (enteral, parenteral, local application). Haematological, biochemical and instrumental tests were used. The data processing was performed via the STATISTICA 10.0 software; the paper presents statistically reliable results. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results. As a result, logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant associations between galectin-3 and the level of atrial natriuretic peptide (r=0.3; beta=0.36; p=0.02), triglycerides (r=0.3; beta=0.6; p=0.04), low-density lipoproteins (r=0.3; beta=0.2; p=0.001) and the glomerular filtration rate (r=0.5; beta=0.3; p=0.01). Conclusion. The analysis has revealed data pointing to the possibility of heart failure compensation against the background of RA at the level of galectin-3 concentration of 17.6ng/ml or higher. The regression model attests to the association between the cytokine levels observed and the possible destabilisation of dyslipidaemia progression, kidney function and water-salt metabolism.
Work experience of the demyelination pathology unit in the city of Krasnoyarsk related to investigation of the quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors:   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Nikonova E.V. , Abdullayev M.B. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Pervunina A.V. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Abroskina M.V. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: July 2021

Aim of study. Analysis of quality of life of patients attending to the unit for multiple sclerosis in the city of Krasnoyarsk. Material and methods. A total of 54 patients with multiple sclerosis were studied. Investigation of their quality of life was performed via the SF-36 scale while revealing of anxiety-depressive disorders was carried out according to the HADS scale. Accordingly, the question of presence of employment and children was specified. The neurological status was assessed according to the EDSS disability index. Comparative analysis of patient surveying results and the data obtained from the control group formed from clinically healthy subjects. Results. MS patients were observed to have statistically significant decline in physical function and overall health status. Correlation analysis within the main studied group revealed decrease of the physical component of quality of life and lower employment rate against the background of increased EDSS score. The larger result according to the depression HADS subscale restricted social function and the larger score in the anxiety subscale restricted the role emotional functioning. Conclusion. The quality of life parameters have stronger correlation with the disability degree and negative expectations of the patients related to progression of the disease. Based on the study results, the MS unit is recommended to apply the HADS scale in its practice for rapid assessment of the emotional state of patients and prescription of relevant symptomatic therapy. The patients are recommended to support their level of social activity and adhere to regular intake of DMDs.