bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluate the Clinical and Laboratory Manifestations of Children With Type 6 of Mucopolysaccharidosis Before and After Enzyme Therapy: A Quasi-Experimental One Group Study
Authors: Shoorabi Ali Ghavidel , Shoorabi Mohammad Ghavidel , Vakili Rahim , Ghasemi Ali , Ghobadi Monire , Moghaddam Mehrsa Basiri
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory manifestations of children with mucopolysaccharidosis type 6 before and after enzyme therapy. In this quasi-experimental study, 8 patients with MPS-6 referred to the pediatric endocrinology department of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad were followed up for 12 months. The level of urinary glycosaminoglycan was measured to check the response to the treatment. The range of motion of the shoulder and elbow joints was evaluated using a goniometer, and abdominal ultrasound was performed to check the size of the liver and spleen in the midclavicular line. The 6-minute walking test and the 3-minute stair climbing test were performed for the patients at the mentioned times. The height and weight of the patients were also measured, and echocardiography was performed. Then patients underwent weekly enzyme treatment. One of the patients (seventh patient) was excluded from the study. Patients were treated with enzyme from the beginning of the study. The patients were evaluated at 12 months later. Statistical analysis showed that changes in urinary GAG level, height, weight, changes in 6-minute walk and range of motion (extension and flexion) of the shoulder were significant (P<0.05). Changes in liver and spleen size compared to height, climbing stairs, corneal opacity and heart changes after 12 months of enzyme therapy were not significant. It is suggested that even though this method of treatment is not definitive, that can be continued to improve the current condition of the patient.
Gender-Dependent Association Between Thyroid Hormones and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease by SYNTAX Score
Authors: Eskandari Ramin , Vatandoost Mona , Nourian Saeid , Rezaei Yousef
Published: November 2024

Thyroid function has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, sex can influence on the association between thyroid function and other diseases. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid hormones and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and outcomes. In a prospective study, patients with chest pain undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography were evaluated. Patients were categorized based on the number of involved coronary arteries. Moreover, the severity of CAD was quantitatively calculated using the Syntax score (SS). All patients were also followed up for 3-month duration. The level of TSH in 150 patients was significantly higher in females than males (3.1 [1.7, 5] versus 1.8 [1, 3.3] mU/L; P=0.002). There was significant correlation between THS and the SS among females (ρ=0.477, P<0.001), but not males. Among both sexes, thyroid hormones were comparable between those with or without events during follow-up. The main predictors of high SS values included age (odds ratio [OR] 1.060, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.018-1.104; P=0.005) and female (OR 2.941, 95% CI 1.198-7.218). The main predictors of multivessel disease were age (OR 1.077, 95% CI 1.026-1.132), female (OR 5.853, 95% CI 1.880-18.222), thyroxin (OR 0.733, 95% CI 0.547-0.981), and thyrotropin (OR 1.333, 95% CI 1.079-1.647). Thyroid hormones are associated with the presence and the severity of CAD, but it might be sex-related. However, thyroid hormone levels could not predict short-term outcomes of patients.
Predictors of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Hesami Rozhin , Sabzehei Mohammad Kazem , Basiri Behnaz , Solgi Maryam Shokouhi , Jiryaee Nasrin
Published: November 2024

Respiratory support in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) plays an important role in the reduction of mortality and complications, but the treatment fails in some infants. This study aimed to identify the predictors of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) failure in preterm infants with RDS. This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on RDS-diagnosed preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Fatemieh Hospital (Hamadan city) in 2021-2022. The infants were examined in terms of risk factors for CPAP failure. Data extracted from the medical records were recorded in a checklist and analyzed with SPSS version 21 software at a confidence level of 95%. CPAP failure was recorded in 37.6% of the studied 202 infants. The need for resuscitation at birth, low gestational age, low birth weight, multiple births, low 1-min and 5-min Apgar scores, the need for higher FIO2 and PEEP, acidosis, and the need for surfactant administration were significantly associated with CPAP failure. In logistic regression, low gestational age (OR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.082-1.576) and the need for resuscitation at birth (OR 0.426, 95% CI: 0.202-0.898) were the major predictors of CPAP failure. Lower gestational age and the need for PPV in the delivery room are good predictors of CPAP failure in preterm infants with RDS, who receive nasal CPAP as primary respiratory support.
The Effects of Albumin 20% and Hydroxyethyl Starch 6% on Bleeding and Interleukin-6 Levels as Priming Solutions for Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hosseini Alireza , Shahzamani Mehran , Hashemabsdi Atefe , Andalib Alireza
Published: November 2024

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can adversely affect coagulation and systemic inflammatory response. Given that the optimal strategy for priming CPB in cardiac surgery remains a matter of debate, this study aimed to investigate the effects of albumin 20% and hydroxyethyl starch 6% as priming solutions on bleeding and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels during CPB.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial involved 40 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery at Shahid Chamran Hospital between July 2021 and July 2022. Participants were assigned to 2 groups: the first group received 50 mL of albumin 20% as the priming solution for the CPB circuit, while the second group received 500 mL of hydroxyethyl starch 6%. Bleeding and IL-6 levels were assessed before and after the intervention.
Results: The albumin group comprised 80.0% men and 20.0% women, with a mean age of 66.45±5.84 years. The hydroxyethyl starch 6% group consisted of 85.0% men and 15.0% women, with a mean age of 63.05±5.92 years (P>0.05). The findings revealed that 12 hours after CPB, the IL-6 level in the hydroxyethyl starch 6% group (mean: 171.6±77.71 pg/mL) was significantly higher than that in the albumin group (mean: 105.8±36.45 pg/mL; P=0.002). At 48 hours after CPB, the mean bleeding was not significantly different between the groups (P=0.950).
Conclusion: Albumin 20% was more effective than hydroxyethyl starch 6% concerning IL-6 levels. However, no significant differences in bleeding were observed between the groups at 48 hours post-CPB.
Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial on the Development and Effectiveness of an Educational Mobile Application Using an Integrated Change Model to Prevent Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
Authors: Aein Afsaneh , Solhi Mahnaz , Farahani Ali Vashegani , Aljasem Mohammad , Alaeddini Farshid , Janani Leila , Omidi Negar , Taghdisi Mohammad Hossein
Published: November 2024

Background: An effective approach to preventing cardiovascular issues is the use of mobile health applications to improve modifiable risk factors. This protocol for a randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the development and effectiveness of an educational mobile app that employs an integrated change model to reduce risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among individuals aged 20 to 69 years.
Methods: This study will be a parallel, randomized, single-blind clinical trial utilizing the randomized block design involving 430 participants. The participants will be divided into a control group receiving standard clinical care and an intervention group receiving standard clinical care along with app-based education, over approximately 6 months.
Conclusion: This application has been designed to enhance motivation, awareness, and positive habits to reduce risk factors in individuals at increased risk of ASCVD. Consequently, the results could improve cardiovascular health knowledge, manage biological risk factors, and modify cardiac behaviors through mobile applications. This research is expected to present a promising approach to utilizing mobile apps for managing cardiovascular health and contribute to the growing body of research on digital health interventions.
Conditioned Medium from Human Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulates Inflammatory and Myofibrotic Factors in Vivo
Authors: Asgharnezhad Gazaleh , Mohamadi Sachli , Mohseni Mahdieh Mehrab , Mousvi-Niri Neda , Naseroleslami Maryam
Published: November 2024

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent diagnosis with a significant mortality rate. Various therapeutic approaches exist for treating HF, and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (hAMSCs-CM) therapy has emerged as a promising option. Despite its potential efficacy, the precise mechanism of action underlying hAMSCs-CM treatment remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a novel animal study to investigate the mechanism of action of hAMSCs-CM in an HF model, with a specific focus on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/galectin-3, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and aldosterone (ALD).
Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control, HF, culture medium, and CM. All rats, except those in the control group, received an injection of isoproterenol to induce an animal model of HF. The CM group was administered the CM, while those in the culture medium group received standard culture media. Subsequently, serum levels of fibrotic factors, including TGF-β/galectin-3, MCP1, BNP, and ALD, were measured using ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test.
Results: Serum levels of TGF-β/galectin-3, MCP1, BNP, and ALD were significantly elevated in the HF, CM, and culture medium groups compared with the control group (P<0.001). Additionally, these fibrotic factors were significantly reduced in the CM group compared with the HF group (P<0.001). Notably, CM therapy could not restore TGF-β/galectin-3, MCP1, BNP, or ALD levels to the normal range observed in the control group.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that hAMSCs-CM modulates the expression of inflammatory and fibrotic cytokines, such as TGF-β/galectin-3, MCP1, BNP, and ALD, in isoproterenol-induced HF in male rats. These results contribute to a better understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms underlying hAMSCs-CM treatment for HF.
Neonatal Atrial Flutter: A Novel Triad for Immediate Electrocardiographic Diagnosis
Authors: Rad Elaheh Malakan
Published: November 2024

Neonatal atrial flutter (NAF) is a rare type of macroreentrant supraventricular tachycardia. In this report, we describe a case of atrial flutter in an 8-day-old neonate with a total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Additionally, we introduce a diagnostic triad for electrocardiographic identification of this condition. This triad comprises three components: the Similar Shapes of Inter-QRS segments (SIS) in leads II, III, and aVF, Different Shapes of Inter-QRS Segments (DIS) in lead I, and the occurrence of one or multiple stretched M or inverted V shapes in the inter-QRS (IQS) segment in leads II, III, and aVF. We assessed the effectiveness of this triad through a validation cohort, using previously reported cases of neonatal atrial flutter from the literature. The sensitivity rates for detecting SIS and DIS patterns and the singular or multiple reversed W or V signs were 100%, 81%, and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, all three components of the triad were found in 81% of neonates diagnosed with atrial flutter. The emergence of this triad can be attributed to the elimination of the isoelectric segment in electrocardiography, caused by the extended duration of flutter waves originating from macro reentry within the atrium and the rapid atrial rate characteristic of atrial flutter.
Pericardial Effusion in the Transverse Sinus
Authors: Toofaninejad Neda , Hosseinsabet Ali
Published: November 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Climate change: the biggest challenge of the modern century for workers
Authors: M Asghari
Published: November 2024

Climate change, as the greatest challenge of the century, has widespread effects on workers. These changes can lead to an increase in heat-related diseases, loss of jobs, and economic damage to businesses, change labor migration patterns and a decrease in job productivity. Therefore, considering the fact that climate change is currently and in the future considered one of the most important environmental challenges, long-term forecasting of climate variables to understand the extent of changes and consequently taking necessary measures to reduce the adverse effects of climate change should be of concern to various experts, including environmental science professionals. In this regard, public health experts, in line with their mission (the science of prevention), are seeking and organizing strategies to reduce these harmful effects on the health of communities and workers. Conducting research related to climate change for better preparedness for adaptation to this phenomenon and also reducing the costs of damages caused by these changes is very essential.
Assessing the state of cognitive performance of employees and determining the range of thermal comfort of different genders in Ilam hospitals
Authors: K Fatahi , M Begi
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Thermal comfort is essential for a productive work environment and affects the well-being and performance of employees, so maintaining optimal levels of satisfaction, productivity, and efficiency, especially in indoor spaces, is essential. Therefore, the present study's aim is to evaluate the state of cognitive performance. Employees and determination of the thermal comfort range of different genders of employees in the hospitals of Ilam city were done.
Methods and Materials: This research was conducted by survey and field method to identify the state of thermal comfort and cognitive performance of people in the real conditions of therapeutic spaces. For this purpose, the responses of 400 employees of five hospitals in Ilam City were recorded by simple sampling from the beginning of August to November 1402. The reliability status of the questionnaires was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, and the thermal comfort status of the people was determined through the regression model. Linearity and correlation analysis between measured variables were analyzed through SPSS27 software.
Results: The analysis of the linear regression model showed that the range of thermal comfort between men and women differs by 1.79 degrees Celsius, and this difference is a tendency for warmer temperatures in men and a tendency for colder temperatures in women, the average scores obtained at Zagros Hospital In the visual-spatial/executive component (7.00), attention (4.34), memory (3.08) has the best performance, Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) has the best performance in the verbal component (2.95), Hazrat Qaim Hospital (A) In the abstraction component (2.02), it has the best performance and awareness of time and place in all hospitals equal to 6.00.
Conclusion: The level of coverage and activity rate among women significantly affects the feeling of thermal comfort, cognitive performance, and productivity of employees at work. The results of this research show the need to revise the current standards of workplace clothing, attendance time, and employee activity rate. Moreover, changes in cognitive performance among hospital staff highlight the need to consider targeted cognitive enhancement strategies to increase staff efficiency.
Czytanie Ulissesa
Authors: Rosiak Marek
Published: November 2024

Po upływie wieku od wydania książki, Ulisses, uznany przez literaturoznawców i krytyków za bodajże najważniejszą powieść ubiegłego wieku, nadal pozostaje w powszechnej opinii dziełem hermetycznym, jeśli nie wręcz zupełnie niezrozumiałym. Choć zyskał sławę i stał się obiektem snobistycznego kultu, nie okazał się strawą szerokich kręgów miłośników literatury w stopniu porównywalnym z dziełami takich współczesnych pisarzy, jak Tomasz Mann czy Michaił Bułhakow. Nawet wytrawnemu czytelnikowi zdarza się na próżno poszukiwać jakiejś nici przewodniej w gmatwaninie jego treści. Może go też wprost odstręczyć dość plugawy (!) charakter wielu ustępów. Nieliczni dotarli do końca lektury, a i oni czuli przy tym często jedynie ulgę miast satysfakcji.
Przedkładam Czytelnikom owoc szeregu uporczywych powrotów do dzieła Joyce’a. Jest to próba odnalezienia w nim, przy pomocy narzędzi, jakich dostarczają logika i filozofia, ukrytej inteligibilnej struktury i ważkich odniesień do kluczowych kwestii egzystencji współczesnego człowieka. Tropiąc je, nie należy zrażać się licznymi obscenami i bluźnierstwami. Nie użyto ich pour épater le bourgeois – cierpliwa lektura pozwala zrozumieć funkcję, jaką pełnią w całości. Interpretacja tu proponowana z pewnością nie jest jedynie możliwą, lecz aspiruje do statusu jednej z możliwych. W tym charakterze mogłaby stać się punktem odniesienia do kolejnych, jeszcze innych, sposobów odczytania tej niezwykłej powieści, której zrozumienie po upływie stu lat nie przestaje być czytelniczym wyzwaniem.
Monitoramento da qualidade da água do lago Paranoá
Authors: Rocha Pereira Alice , Koide Sergio
Published: November 2024

O lago Paranoá foi construído em 1959 visando seus múltiplos usos à cidade de Brasília-DF e ao entorno. Diversos estudos foram realizados para compreender e explicar os episódios de florações de macrófitas, algas e cianobactérias e sua relação com o aporte de matéria orgânica, nutrientes e poluentes no lago, bem como a localização das fontes. Evidentemente, a gestão dos conflitos é complexa, devendo ser fundamentada em estudos e no monitoramento sistemático do lago para compreender e prever os processos ecossistêmicos, as consequências das ações antrópicas e da urbanização sobre o lago. Portanto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo revisar estudos com monitoramento qualitativo e quantitativo do lago Paranoá e propor formas de incrementar o monitoramento. Observou-se a carência de dados sistemáticos de carga de sedimentos, temperatura, condutividade da água dos afluentes, qualidade da água de lançamentos em galerias de águas pluviais, temperatura e parâmetros físico-químicos na coluna d’água do lago, maior acurácia das vazões turbinadas e vertidas na barragem e dados de vento em torno do lago. Melhorar o monitoramento do lago proporcionará ferramentas para responder questões-chave de curto, médio e longo prazo. envolvendo a hidrodinâmica, circulação e qualidade da água.
L’IMPORTANZA DEGLI ARCHIVI, DEI MUSEI ITALIANI NELLA CONSERVAZIONE DI DOCUMENTI PREZIOSI PER L’ALBANIA
Authors: Abazi Fatbardha
Published: November 2024

L’Italia ha sempre offerto e offre una fonte inesauribile di conoscenze in vari aspetti. Evidenzierei in particolare la sua cultura, il suo contributo nella conservazione presso i suoi archivi, musei e biblioteche, in epoche diverse, di materiali e documenti di inestimabile valore non solo italiani ma anche di altri paesi, il cui recupero aiuta a informarsi, a illuminare il passato, ad avere memoria documentata di scambi tra i popoli, momenti, vicende, personaggi storici. In questo contesto, sottolineerei l’importanza degli Archivi Vaticani, veneziani e napoletani per la storia e la lingua albanese. Proprio in Vaticano si è scoperto e si conserva fra l’altro il primo libro stampato in albanese, il Meshar di Gjon Buzuku. Venezia invita a conoscere la storia dell’Adriatico e dell’Albania con tracce ivi impresse in ogni luogo, rappresentando anche un museo all’aperto, come testimoniato dalle denominazioni delle calli – la Calle degli albanesi, Campiello degli Albanesi ecc., dai bassorilievi sulle facciate degli edifici, dai dipinti nelle chiese come la bandiera Castriota-albanese nella chiesa di San Sebastiano. Tra gli scaffali del Museo Correr sono stati scoperti gli Statuti di Scutari - un panorama completo dell’Albania del ‘300 - parte viva dell’Europa occidentale dell’epoca. Sfogliando le Matricole delle Scuole di Arti e Mestieri istituite durante la Serenissima Repubblica di Venezia (la Scuola degli albanesi, dei dalmati, ecc.) emergono molti dati interessanti sugli albanesi come la collocazione, l’aiuto reciproco, i mestieri e l’organizzazione dei confratelli. Il mio intervento mira a focalizzare l’interesse sugli Archivi e le Biblioteche di Venezia per evidenziare una storia di secolari rapporti avvenuta tra la Serenissima e l’Albania e indicare futuri indirizzi di ricerca.
Teacher Educators’ Subjective Theories about Quality Teaching : A Contribution to Educational Quality by a Case Study of Rwanda
Authors: Niyibizi Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on exploring subjective theories of teacher educators about quality teaching in the context of their profession in Rwanda. It is based on determinant role of subjective theories in educational quality improvement. Additionally, teacher educators are the driving forces due to their role in the initial and continuous teacher education. However, empirical research on teacher educators’ subjective theories is very limited in the Global South including Rwanda. Due to the exploratory nature this study, a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews was used to collect data from 32 teacher educators theoretically sampled. Using content analysis, iterative deductive-inductive process as well as the generalisation of results through abduction, the results show that interviewed teacher educators have four ideal types of subjective theories. They include subjective theories focusing on: formalities by compliance (following pedagogical and administrative formalities); knowledge by transmission (transmission of immutably prescribed knowledge); behaviour by imitation (learning by imitation) and competences by co-construction (development of competences through active, interactive and reflective approaches). The generated typology enlightens research, policy and practice regarding quality teaching and teacher education in Rwanda and possibly similar contexts.
Bir Peygamber Allah’ın Kendisine Güç Yetiremeyeceğini Düşünür mü? -Bir Âyet Mealinin Düşündürdükleri
Authors: Sümer İdris Sami
Published: November 2024

Kur'an'da kıssası anlatılan peygamberlerden birisi olan Hz. Yûnus, dört ayrı sûrede ismen anılmakta ve kendisinin ismi mushaf tertibinin onuncu sırasındaki sûreye de ad olmaktadır. Kendisinden Enbiya sûresi 87. âyetinde ‘‘zünnûn’’ (balık sahibi), Kalem sûresi 48. âyetinde ise ‘‘sâhibü’l-hût’’ (balık arkadaşı) olarak bahsedilmektedir. İlgili Kur'an âyetleri Hz. Yûnus’un risalet görevi esnasındaki aceleciliğini ve kavminin iman etmesi için gösterdiği üstün gayretlerini haber vermektedir. Fakat kavminin onu dinlememesi ve küfürde ısrar etmesi Hz. Yûnus’u kızdırmış ve öfke ile görev yerini terk etmiştir. Onun bu gidişi Enbiyâ sûresi 87. âyetinde şu şekilde haber verilmektedir ‘‘Zünnûn’u da hatırla. Hani öfkelenerek (halkından ayrılıp) gitmişti de kendisini asla sıkıştırmayacağımızı sanmıştı. Derken karanlıklar içinde, ‘Senden başka hiçbir ilâh yoktur. Seni eksikliklerden uzak tutarım. Ben gerçekten (nefsine) zulmedenlerden oldum’ diye dua etti.’’ Bu âyette geçen ‘‘Zünnûn’u da hatırla. Hani öfkelenerek (halkından ayrılıp) gitmişti de kendisini asla sıkıştırmayacağımızı sanmıştı.’’ biçimindeki altı çizili ifade, sayısı azımsanmayacak şekilde bazı Türkçe meallerde, ‘‘…bizim kudretimizin kendisine yetmeyeceğini zannetmişti’’, ‘‘…gücümüzün kendisine ulaşamayacağını sanarak’’, ‘‘…ona asla güç yetiremeyeceğimizi sanmıştı’’ gibi cümlelerle çevrilmektedir. Âyet mealinde dikkat çekeceği üzere, ‘‘…bizim kudretimizin kendisine yetmeyeceğini zannetmişti’’ ve benzer tarzdaki ifadelerin, İslâm’ın peygamberlik tasavvuruyla uyumlu olmadığı görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla bazı Türkçe meallerin âyetteki ilgili ifadeye bu manayı vererek mezkûr cümlenin eşdeğerini tam olarak zikretmedikleri düşünülmektedir. Buradan hareketle elinizdeki çalışma, hiçbir peygambere hatta bir mü’mine yakışmayacak bir davranışın/düşüncenin, bazı Kur'an meallerinde ilgili âyetin meali vesilesiyle Hz. Yûnus’a izafe edilmesini eleştirmek amacıyla kaleme alınmaktadır. Araştırma neticesinde mezkûr âyetteki ilgili ifadeye müfessirlerin hassaten dikkat çektiği ve bu çalışmada eleştiri konusu yapılan anlamları takdir etmeyi küfür olarak addettikleri görülmüştür. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman inceleme desenine göre yürütülmüş olup araştırma sonucunda elde edilen veriler bilimsel bir üslupla tahlile tabi tutulmuştur.
Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Tobacco Cultivators Regarding Their Health Hazards: A Study on Kushtia District
Authors: Ullah Md. Nayamat , Islam Md. Hafizul
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background and aims: Tobacco farming is common in Bangladesh, particularly in Kushtia district, but it's harmful to farmers' health. This study looks at what tobacco farmers know, think, and do about their health. The findings will help create targeted interventions to improve their well-being.
Methods: A survey was conducted among 300 tobacco farmers in Kushtia Sadar, Mirpur, and Daulatpur upazilas, including 214 males (71.3%) and 86 females (28.7%). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were performed using SPSS version 27 and Microsoft Excel version 19.
Results: The study found that 71.3% of tobacco farmers were men, and 38% had no formal education. Health problems were common, with 33% reporting allergies, 32% suffering from coughs and breathing issues, and 24% experiencing headaches. While 73.3% recognized the harmful effects of pesticides, only 59.3% were aware of the risks of handling tobacco leaves, and 40.7% acknowledged serious health risks from tobacco farming. Correlation analysis showed education level positively correlated with reporting physical health problems (r = 0.181, p < 0.01). Physical health problems also correlated with acknowledging pesticide risks (r = 0.230, p < 0.01) and concerns about long-term health effects (r = -0.240, p < 0.01).
Conclusion: In summary, this study highlights the need for targeted intervention to enhance knowledge and safer farming techniques, while also advocating for measures to protect farmers' health and promote sustainable practices in the tobacco sector.

Keywords:
Knowledge, Tobacco Cultivators, Health Hazards.
Phycoremediation of Wastewater - An Approach Used Microalgae for Bioremediation
Authors: Kumar Anuj , ety Swe
Published: November 2024

Over centuries, human industrial, mining and military activities as well as farming and waste practices have contaminated large areas of developed countries with high concentrations of heavy metals and organic pollutants. In addition to their negative effects on ecosystems and other natural resources, these sites pose a great danger to public health, because pollutants can enter food through agricultural products or leach into drinking water. A number of microalgae species or plant species are efficient in removing toxicants from wastewater. Phycoremediation is the technology that uses plants to remove pollutants from the environment. Phytoremediation uses wild or genetically modified plants (GMPs) to extract a wide range of heavy metals and organic pollutants from the water. Plants accumulate heavy metals from contaminated soil and water. These plants can be grown and harvested economically to clean up the environment, leaving only residual levels of pollutants. The various processes by which phytoremediation takes place are phytoextraction, rhizofiltration, phytostabilization and phytovolatilization. The expenditure of phytoextraction is moderately inexpensive and contaminants can be separated permanently.
Evaluating Some Cucumber Varieties in Ranchi: An In-Depth Vegetative Performance
Authors: Kumar Rai Shashank , Prasad Singh Jaikant
Published: November 2024

The performance of many cucumber cultivars cultivated in Ranchi, India, is thoroughly analyzed in this research. Under local growing circumstances, the growth, yield, and quality characteristics out of several cultivars only five common cucumber cultivars were assessed. For parameters including vine length, leaves per vine, days to the first female flower, fruit length, fruit girth, number of fruits per vine, and total yield per vine, there were noticeable variations across the types. Based on their vegetative vigor and production, the study offers crucial information for choosing acceptable cucumber cultivars for growing in Ranchi.
Preliminary Analysis of Soy Curd by Natural Fermentation Using Green Chilies
Authors: Shetty Akshata , Bhat Manish
Published: November 2024

Plant-based soy yogurt, as an alternative to traditional dairy yogurt, has gained widespread acceptance owing to its nutritional benefits and versatility. This study investigated soy curd prepared with various starting materials, including chili, cow yogurt starter, and buffalo yogurt starter, and evaluated their bacterial counts in CFU/ml. Significant variations in bacterial counts were observed among different preparations. The Soy curd milk was fermented naturally with the use of green chilies. For this pH was found to be 5.5±0.2, with 1.325g/L TA. The CFU count was found to be 1.1×106. The antioxidant activity of curd was observed through radical scavenging activity, with a maximum percent RSA of 52.72% at 40 ug/ml by the DPPH assay.. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion showed that soy curd inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella sonnei. Sensory analysis provided valuable insights into the sensory characteristics of soy yogurt products, which are crucial for consumer acceptance and preference. The one-way ANOVA demonstrate a highly significant difference (p-value < 0.001) in sensory parameters among the three curd samples. This study provides few insights of biochemical and microbiological parameters for prepared Soy curd by natural fermentation using green chilies.
Analysis of the Composition of Wastewater in Oil and Gas Production Enterprises
Authors: Jamoliddin J. Musirmonov , Adolat A. Urinova , Xurshidbek O. Abdullayev , Gyanendra Tripath , Farooqui Alvina , A. Khujamshukurov Nortoji
Published: November 2024

The formation of waste water reuse technologies based on smart technologies will allow to fully meet the human demand for water in the face of global climate change, and at the same time protect the human being from damage caused by various polluting chemicals and ensure food safety. In particular, to meet the demand for water by using secondary purified water in sectors that produce large-scale food and feed products, such as the cultivation of agricultural crops, livestock, poultry, and fisheries,to proper organization of reuse of wastewater from production enterprises, use of waste water in agriculture as technical water by different methods (chemical, biochemical, physical and biological) treatment of waste water unsuitable for use in production, organization of bioremediation treatment of secondary waste water from agriculture by producing secondary products (receiving microalgae and macrophyte biomass) along with the process of purification from various chemical compounds and substances, products that are extremely important for various sectors of the economy, including, protein, carbohydrates, lipids, protein-vitamin complexes for the food industry, pigments, chlorophylls, carotenoids, biopaints, food additives containing w-3, w-6, w-9, bioplastic, w-carotene for the pharmaceutical industry, immunostimulant, cardioprotector, antaxant, glycerol, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity agents, biofertilizers for agriculture, feed and additives, biofuel for the bioenergy industry (biodiesel, methane, hydrogen, liquid hydrocarbons) and cosmetic products. At the primary stage of these processes, one of the important tasks is to determine the degree of contamination of industrial and domestic wastewaters with chemical compounds and substances. Therefore, in this article, the levels of contamination of domestic wastewater from oil and gas production enterprises with harmful chemical elements have been determined. In the course of research, the average level of phosphate pollution in the waste water coming out of the facility at the oil and gas production enterprise was 5.66 mg/l (2.26 times more than the established standard), chlorides 651.74 mg/l (1.86 times the established standard more), sulfates 664.33 mg/l (1.9 times more than the established norm), nitrates 531.62 mg/l (11.8 times more than the established norm), nitrites 16.36 mg/l (5.0 times more than the established norm it is found to be many times more). When the obtained results are compared, the indicators of contamination with chemical compounds in the waste water coming out of the enterprise have a seasonal nature, and the indicators of contamination increase as the winter season passes to the summer season. This situation is explained by relatively more use of tools used in municipal processes during the summer.
Anti-quorum Sensing, Oxidative Stress and Anti-Biofilm Inducing Abilities of Vitamin K3 Analogues Against Chronic Respiratory Infection of Mucoid Variants Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain PAO1
Authors: Chippalkatti Rohan , Badave Kirti , Alim Khan Ayesha , Rane Sandhya
Published: November 2024

Almost all antibiotics target either bacterial function or biofilms but do not consider the damage due to host responses, thus, even if the bacteria are eliminated, the tissue damage cannot be prevented. The mucoid phenotype and oxidative stress severely limit the efficacy of current therapeutics for chronic respiratory infections (CRI) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. In the present study, we examined the activity of a novel set of VitaminK3 derivatives on biofilms of the mucoid variants of P.aeruginosa. Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) an important signaling molecules in the quorum sensing gene regulatory processes found in numerous gram-negative species of bacteria were evaluated. Further, the radical scavenging ability and antibiofilm activities were studied. The compounds were also screened for cytotoxic activity by the MTT assay on HeLa cell lines. This work highlights the aggravation of the CF lung caused due to biofilm formation, and exacerbation occurring due to oxidative stress, which is a host response. This study thus presents VitaminK3 derivatives as antimicrobial compounds which also prevent oxidative stress and thus serve a dual function. Consequently, further development and use of these compounds is likely to complement current CF therapeutics.
Health and Nutritional Benefits Provided by Superfoods: A Review
Authors: Rani Jyoti
Published: November 2024

Superfoods, defined as foods of high nutritional and biological value with adequate bioavailability and bioactivity within the body due to extraordinary concentrations of nutrients and bioactive ingredients, can play an important role in a global arena where the identification of healthier and cleaner nutrient sources is practically mandatory. Superfoods are particular kinds of foods capable of demonstrating different positive benefits involving the avoidance of different ailments, providing impetus to the immune system, and important macro- and micro-nutrients in adequate quantities. These are currently garnering a lot of attention as customers become more health concerned. In contrast to their great health or even therapeutic benefits, which stem from their lengthy history of use, the concept of superfoods remains poorly understood. Superfoods, or more specifically superfruits, are often composed of exotic fruits that are not well known around the world. Many superfoods claim a wide range of different health benefits, including the effective activity of anti-oxidants; the presence of an extraordinary amount of bioactive components such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolics, etc.; and/or potential impact on disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, etc., typically by effecting specific markers such as blood pressure, body mass index, or waist circumference, and fasting. This review offers light on the nutritional composition of some important superfoods, as well as their potential role in the prevention of many chronic diseases. This manuscript could help consumers incorporate superfoods into their diets more frequently and successfully.
Profile of Positive Specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) in Children Tested for Aeroallergens
Authors: Alla Mansoor Sara Mansoor Rahmt , Mohammed Salih Omaima Abdelmajeed , Saeed Magzoub Omer
Published: November 2024

Aeroallergens are various airborne substances or inhalants, such as pollens, spores, and other. The prevalence of aeroallergens is quite variable from one region or country to another. Objectives: This study is aimed at study profile of positive specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) test to aeroallergens in Sudanese patients at Al-Rayan laboratory, Khartoum from January 2018 to December 2020. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in -Rayan laboratory in Khartoum state Sudan from 1st of January 2018 to 30th December 2020 among children with positive specific IgE test for aeroallergens. Total coverage of all children with positive specific IgE test for aeroallergens was done. All records with positive specific IgE to aeroallergens have been collected. The aeroallergens were compared to age, gender, and at which time year reach its peak. The positivity of result depends on the antibody detection and its titer. Statistically significant data were analyzed by computer using SPSS program of P-value of equal or less than 0.05. Result: The study included 58 participants. Males were more prevalent (63.8%), and female were (36.2%). The most common affected age was school age. The most prevalent aeroallergen was alder which was positive in all patients, Timothy grass which was positive among (56.9%) followed by cultivated rye, common ragweed and oak. The sensitivity test was positive in (34.5%) of the patients for cockroach, in (27.6%) for cats, in (15.5%) for horses, in (8.6%) for dogs, and in (8.6%) for camels. Months in which aeroallergens were more prevalent were July & December 2018, October of 2019 and October & November of 2020. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the most common affected age group was school age and the most common aeroallergens were alder, timothy grass and cultivated rye fallowed by common ragweed and oak. There is no statistically significant relation between the patient’s age gender and test months for the tested animals, fungi, trees, grass, and house dust mites.
Effects of N-Hexane Fraction of Senna tora Leaves on Aspartame-Induced Toxicity
Authors: Ejeh Yakubu Ojochenemi , Chidinma Okoye Celestina , Gabriel Emmanuel Onuh , Enejoh Omede Caleb , Danjuma Janya
Published: November 2024

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of n-hexane fraction of Senna tora leaves on aspartame-induced toxicity on Wistar albino rats. The study was designed to analyze the lipid profile and determine the antioxidant activities of Senna tora. The study was carried out at Department of Biochemistry’s Laboratory, Federal University, Wukari between September to November, 2022. A total of twenty five (25) adult Wistar albino rats were used for the experiment and were divided into 5 groups (Group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) with 5 animals in each group. Groups 1 served as a normal control (no treatment) and received only distilled water, Group 2 were induced with aspartame but no treatment was given (negative control), Group 3 were induced with aspartame and treated with 140mg of silymarin drug (positive control), Group 4 and 5 were likewise induced with aspartame but treated with 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of Senna tora leaves respectively, treatment lasted for three weeks. Table 1 contains the results for lipid profile of triglycerides, high density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins and total cholesterol of n-hexane fraction of Senna tora leaves. There was no significant difference in the levels of High Degree Lipoprotein concentration across the group compared to the normal control (Group 1). An increase in the levels of Low Degree Lipoprotein was observed across the groups compared to the normal control (Group 1). while for total cholesterol, apart from group 5 (Aspartame induced, treated with 200 mg Senna tora extract) all others increased in their level of total cholesterol as compared to the normal control (Group 1) and for triglycerides, a decrease was observed in the levels of triglycerides across the groups as compared to the normal control (Group 1). Results for kidney function tests (KFT) shows increase in the levels of potassium across the groups as compared to the normal control (Group 1). while for levels of bicarbonate a decrease in the level of bicarbonate was observed in group 3 (Induced with aspartame and treated with 140mg of silymarin drug) and 5 (Aspartame induced, treated with 200 mg Senna tora extract) and also an increase in group 2 (Induced with aspartame but no treatment was given) and 4 (Aspartame induced, treated with 100 mg Senna tora extract) was noted. For creatinine and urea levels, an increase was observed across the groups and a normal levels of sodium was seen and also a significant decrease was seen in the levels of chloride. This study suggests that n-hexane fraction of Senna tora leaves have active ingredients that are capable of improving blood lipid profile and this might be useful in the management of cardiovascular diseases.
Kidney Function Status of Diabetic Male Wistar Albino Rat Treated with Senna tora Extract
Authors: Ejeh Yakubu Ojochenemi , Sanusi Tani Mubarak , Gabriel Emmanuel Onuh , Enejoh Omede Caleb , Danjuma Janya
Published: November 2024

The kidney plays a central role in detoxification and excretion of harmful metabolites and therefore is susceptible to toxicity by xenobiotics. The main goal of this study is to analyze the kidney function status of diabetic Male Wistar albino rat treated with Senna tora extract. Samples of matured and healthy-looking leaves of Senna tora were collected from the school environment, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. Extraction of the plant was done using absolute ethanol and fractionation with different solvents of varied polarity via separating funnel, starting from ethanol, n-hexane, acetone and lastly, distilled water where four (4) fractions were collected in 100mL beakers each. The animals were treated with the extract Senna tora after they were induced with diabetes using alloxan monohydrate. The animals were kept for about twenty-one (21) days under treatment. After the experimental period, animals were sacrificed under chloroform anesthesia and blood was collected by cardiac puncture and liver was harvested. Determination of serum kidney biochemical parameters were analyzed using various kit of each parameter, such as sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), chloride ions (Cl-), bicarbonate (HCO3-), urea and creatinine. This study shows that Senna tora have little negative effect on kidney function when used at moderate amounts though the little damage to the kidney have been observed within the limits of experiment, at the concentration dosage of the Senna tora used. There was no level of significance (p≤0.05) in the serum Sodium and Chloride concentration of the results obtained. But the K+ and HCO3?has level of significance (p≤0.05), there was little evidence of kidney damage at high dosages and longer duration of consumption. Conclusion: The finding from this study has suggested the use of S. tora leaf extract in the treatment and management of kidney diseases, though dosage dependent.
Preselection of Yeast Strains with Probiotic Potential Isolated from Traditional Cassava Ferments (Manihot esculenta Crantz) for the Reduction of Anti-Nutritional Compounds in Foods: Case of Phytate
Authors: Irié Abel Boli Zamblé Bi , Regina Krabi Ekoua , Celaire N sa Koky Marc , Jean Paul Bouatenin Koffi Maïzan , Hermann Coulibaly Wahauwouele , Rocard Konan Konan , Koffi Nevry Rose , Koussemon Marina
Published: November 2024

The general objective of this work was to contribute to the improvement of the nutritional quality of food. Thus, the resistance of yeast strains isolated from cassava ferments to gastrointestinal conditions including pH (acid and basic), NaCl, bile salts, temperatures, digestive enzymes (pepsin and pancreatin) and adhesion (self-aggregation and hydrocarbons) as well that their degradation of phytates were evaluated. The results showed that the highest growth at acidic pH was obtained with strains S1fbvp at pH 2 (3.7±0.3) × 107 CFU/mL after 24 hours of incubation. The highest growth was obtained with the S4fbvp strains (6.7±0.8) × 107 CFU/mL at 42°C followed by the S4ff strain (5.2±0.4) × 107 CFU/mL at 37°C and of the S5fbs strain (5.1±2.7) × 107 CFU/mL at 30°C. The S4fbvp strain showed the best growth (4.7±0.4) × 107 CFU/mL at 1% NaCL and (5.3± 0.4) × 107 CFU/mL at 2% NaCL, (5.0±0.7) × 107 CFU/mL, (5.0±0.3) × 107 CFU/mL and (4.3±0.3) × 107 CFU/mL at 0.3%, 0, 6% and 0.9% bile salts respectively. The S3fbr strain had the highest adhesion to chloroform (85.06±2.74%) and viability in the presence of pancreatin (98.30±2.07%) unlike the S5fbs strains (52.94±1. 49%) to xylene and S4ff (95.93±0.40%) to pepsin. The strains S4fbvp (84.96±0.1%) and S5fbs (94.49±0.73%) had the highest rates of auto-aggregations at 4 hours and 24 hours of incubation respectively. The strains studied degraded phytates in rice and white corn flours from 47.07 ± 0.11% to 93.82 ± 0.32% with the highest degradation obtained with the S4fbvp strain.
Effects of NAT2 and CYP2C9 Polymorphism in HIV/AIDS Patients on Side effects due to Cotrimoxazole in Yaounde
Authors: O François Moudiné , Randolph G. , Chedjou J. P. , Calvino T. , Lesly N. , Brahim Boy O. , Adawaye C. , Mbacham W. F.
Published: November 2024

Cotri prophylaxis is a simple, inexpensive intervention and is the standard of treatment in developed countries, but there are no clear guidelines for its use in resource-limited countries. CYP2C9 is a polymorphically expressed enzyme responsible for the metabolism of several clinically important drugs, some of which have a low therapeutic index, and N- acetyltransferase (NAT) is a key enzyme in the conjugation of certain drugs and other xenobiotics with an arylamine structure. Studies have shown that genetic predispositions can induce side effects. This is how we envisaged in this work, the study of the polymorphism of the NAT2 and CYP2C9 genes with the aim of establishing a procedure manual for the study of the polymorphism of these genes on the side effects of Cotrimoxazole. The informed consent of 66 patients enabled us to take a blood sample. The samples were placed on filter paper for DNA extraction by the Chelex 100 method at LAPHER-Biotech in Yaoundé. After extraction, the SNPs of the genes were detected by RLFP-PCR. Thus, the enzymes BamHI, KpnI, Taqα-1 for the SNPs of the NAT2 gene and the enzyme BslNI for the CYP2C9 were used for digestion. The present study results showed a participation rate for women well above the rate for men, ie 67.16% against 31.64%. Average age is 43,32±28,28 years. A genotypic predominance of NAT2 * 5/6 was observed, i.e. a frequency of 28.78% (19/66) for NAT2, and CYP2C9 * 3 at 97% (64/66) for Cytochrome P450. Was NAT2 * 4 or 42.42% and a phenotypic predominance of slow acetylators, or 56.71%. Out of 66 patients surveyed 16.7% had side effects, so the occurrence of side effects due to Cotrimoxazole in seropositive patients is not strongly related to polymorphisms of NAT2 (OR = 0.454, P-value = 0.263) and CYP2C9 (OR = 0.74, and P-value = 0.38) in slow acetethylators in this study.