bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Paediatric Physiotherapists Promote Community-Based Physical Activity for Children and Youth with Disabilities? A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Shannon Jessica , Legg David , Pritchard-Wiart Lesley
Published: March 2020

Purpose: Although the importance of increased physical activity for children with disabilities is widely acknowledged, formal links between rehabilitation practitioners and community physical activity programmes are often lacking. The role of physiotherapists in the promotion of community physical activity is also often unclear. This study set out to describe the beliefs, knowledge, and practices of Canadian physiotherapists related to promoting community-based physical activity for children with disabilities. Method: We used a mixed-methods design: a survey of Canadian physiotherapists and qualitative focus group interviews with physiotherapists. Results: A total of 116 therapists participated in the survey. Of these, 80 (69.0%) considered the promotion of community-based physical activity programmes to be a physiotherapy role, and 89 (76.7%) recommended programmes to families. Therapists with less than 6 years of paediatric experience were less likely to recommend programmes to families (χ24 = 40.46, p < 0.001). Qualitative analysis resulted in three themes: (1) lack of clarity regarding the physiotherapy role, (2) “it’s not easy” – challenges related to community-based physical activity promotion, and (3) one size does not fit all. Conclusions: Various factors shaped physiotherapists’ ability to promote community physical activity, specifically their knowledge, practice setting expectations, and beliefs about their role. Concerted efforts to promote community-based physical activity may increase community capacity to support all children in physical activities.
The capabilities approach: A panacea for labour law’s ills?
Authors: Cabrelli David
Published: March 2020

In recent years, there has been a tendency to view the subject of labour law and its goals through the prism of philosophy, and political philosophy in particular. A veritable ‘cottage industry’ has sprung up devoted to this task. In this paper, I analyze the arguments presented by various authors in a book recently published under the editorship of Professor Brian Langille on The Capability Approach to Labour Law, which makes an important contribution to labour law scholarship. I make the point that the capabilities approach – a theory belonging to political philosophy – is undoubtedly a useful instrument insofar as it enables labour lawyers to sell the claims and arguments that the subject is attempting to make, but that if it is presented as an ostensibly univocal foundation, it is unlikely to stack up. Instead, by abstracting its partial and pluralist base, capabilities can be reconceptualised as only one justification for particular labour laws, serving alongside many other political philosophies. In this way, a veritable patchwork quilt of different foundations for specific labour laws can be stitched together. This paper then goes on to make some preliminary observations as to how such a fabric could be embroidered in a coherent and systematic manner.
О КРИТЕРИЯХ И МЕТОДИКЕ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ СТУДЕНТОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: Хожамуратов Рамил Ибрахимович
Published: March 2020

An analysis of the scientific and theoretical literature indicates that the formation of an innovative culture of students, as well as modern pedagogical technologies in the formation of cognitive activity of students, has been studied quite extensively. However, innovative approaches in the process of learning English, the application of methods and tools aimed at the formation of cognitive activity during training sessions, have not been sufficiently studied or are fragmented. Therefore, the article raises one of the urgent problems, which requires a special study.
ЛІТЕРАТУРА Й АНЕКДОТ: ДЕЯКІ ЄВРЕЙСЬКІ ОБРАЗИ У ТВОРАХ ІВАНА ФРАНКА
Authors: Стоколос-Ворончук О. О.
Published: March 2020

In this article, we will try to analyze the integration of Jewish images and motives, peculiar of folk humorous works, throughout the period from the 17th to the 19th century. Therefore, arises another problem, namely how and from which perspective the Jewish ethnotype and its relationships with the Ukrainians are presented in literary works of the specified period and which criteria should we utilize for the analysis of such works, along with folk anecdotes. Finally, our third assignment is to determine the interrelation between folklore and literature in terms of its expression and levels on the basis of Ivan Franko’s works.
ASSESSMENT AND SOLUTION OF PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF GOVERNMENT MEDICINE REIMBURSEMENT PROGRAMS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Alla Nemchenko  , Viktoriia Nazarkina  , YuliiaYe. Kurylenko  , Sergiy V. Himenko
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes the problems of implementation of drug reimbursement programs in Ukraine and in the countries of the world. One of the key problems in the countries of the world is the low index of cooperation between the doctor and the pharmacist, the patient's failure to adhere to the medication regimen and the recommendations of specialists. In Ukraine through questionnaires specialists found that one of the main problems is the unavailability of feedback through the "doctor-pharmacist-patient" and the interaction doctor pharmacist no number of monitoring of medical appointments. The need for close cooperation between doctors, pharmacists, patients and the state in order to justify improving the delivery and receipt of appropriate medical and pharmaceutical care.
THE ASSESSMENT OF LABOR CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO HAZARD INDICATORS ON THE BASIS OF PRODUCTION RISK DETERMINATION
Authors: Tretyakov Oleg  , Harmash Bohdan  , Yevheniia Biletska
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the principles, methods and criteria of risk assessment to create controlled conditions that minimize the potential consequences of harmful and hazardous factors in the production environment and the labour process of workers in the transportation industry. There has been conducted the analysis of methods of determining the level of danger from the combined effect of harmful factors in the production conditions that currently exist in Ukraine, their shortcomings are identified and the ways to solve them are proposed. A unified approach to the calculation of production risk depending on the parameters of the working area is proposed taking into account the time spent by hazardous factors working in the affected area, which does not require entering multiple scales to characterize the quality of the environment. Based on the algorithm for converting environmental parameters into an indicator of production risk, an analysis of working conditions maps is carried out, the subjectivity of assessing the actual conditions and nature of work in Ukraine is proved. It has been revealed that the obtained indicators of integral risk testify to the contradictions of the Ukrainian legislation to the world standards for the protection of health and safety at work.
МУЗИЧНЕ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ УКРАЇНЦІВ: РЕАЛІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Довжинець І. Г.
Published: March 2020

The article analyses the state of musical environment in contemporary Ukraine. It is noted that musical environment is a complex heterogeneous phenomenon which is formed in the process of musical activity and includes all its components: creativity, performance, spreading and perception. At the macrolevel musical environment includes all musical sound atmosphere of the Earth. At the microlevel – it is a direct musical surrounding of the individual. The article focuses only on some factors which influence the state of contemporary Ukrainian musical environment: mass musical teleproduction, teaching music in comprehensive educational institutions, musical education and education for adults, festivals, specific character of regional music playing. In conclusion it is noted that “improvement” of one of the mentioned kinds of musical activity cannot change considerably surrounding sound reality. «Reformation» of musical environment as well as other spheres of social existence implies complex approach.
ZAMAN BİSİKLETİ FANTASTİK ÇOCUK ROMAN SERİSİNİN KÜLTÜREL ÇÖZÜMLEMESİ
Authors: KAVAN Nihat , AKIN Erhan
Published: March 2020

Çocuk edebiyatı; milli ve manevi kültürün kuşaklara aktarılmasında büyük rol oynamaktadır. Günümüzde bu durumun fark edilişi ile çocuk edebiyatı çalışmaları hız kazanmış ve günümüz yazarları bu alana yönelerek kültürün çocuklara aktarılmasında çocuk edebiyatını etkili kullanmaya başlamışlardır. Çocuklar; eserlerde yer alan kültürel değerler ile içinde yaşadıkları toplumu ve coğrafyayı yakından tanıma imkânı bulabilmekte ve bu sayede daha bilinçli bireyler olabilmektedirler.

Günümüz çağdaş çocuk edebiyatı yazarlarından Bilgin Adalı’nın eserleri ile ilgili yapılan bu çalışmada Bilgin Adalı’nın Zaman Bisikleti adlı üç ciltlik fantastik çocuk roman serisinde yer alan kültürel unsurlar tespit edilmeye çalışılmış, tespit edilen unsurlar örnek cümlelerle sunulmuştur. Bilgin Adalı eserlerinde çocukların hayal ve duygu dünyalarına seslenerek onlara; bilgi vermekte, toplumsal değerleri sezdirmekte, macera ruhu aşılamakta ve içinde yaşadıkları kültürü tanıma imkânı sunmaktadır. Bunu yaparken eserlerinde geçmiş ve geleceği sentezleyerek çocuklara aktarmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman inceleme metodu ile veriler elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak çalışma kapsamında yazarın Zaman Bisikleti 1, Zaman Bisikleti 2-Geçmişten Gelen Konuklar ve Zaman Bisikleti 3-Zamanda Kaza adlı romanlarındaki kültürel unsurlar çözümlenmiş olup yazarın kültürel unsurları sıklıkla kullandığı ve romanların çocuklara tavsiye edilebilecek nitelikte olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Yapıtlardaki fantastik kurgu, fantastik çocuk kitapları için yapılan sınıflama temelinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda ise çocuk yazını alanı ile ilgili önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Impact of Vasopressor Initiation and Discontinuation Sequence on Mortality in Septic Shock: A Retrospective Review
Authors: McDaniel Cara , Moyer Andrew , McDaniel Cara , Brown Judah , Baram Michael
Published: March 2020

Background: Little data exists guiding clinicians on how or when to initiate and discontinue the second
vasoactive agent in the setting of septic shock refractory to norepinephrine monotherapy.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients with a primary diagnosis of septic shock
admitted to the intensive care unit receiving norepinephrine in addition to concomitant vasopressors. The
primary endpoint was the incidence of all-cause in-hospital mortality when adding adjunctive vasopressors
to norepinephrine either before the dose reached 2 mcg/kg/min (early adjunctive vasopressor) or after (late
adjunctive vasopressor). Secondary endpoints included the incidence of clinically significant hypotension
when discontinuing norepinephrine before or after vasopressin in the same population.
Results: Forty-six patients were included (early adjunctive vasopressor [n=36]; late adjunctive vasopressor
[n=10]), with a median age of 69 years and APACHE II score of 27. Fewer patients in the early adjunctive
vasopressor cohort had malignancy prior to admission (16.7% vs. 60%, p=0.0117), however, more patients
were managed in the surgical ICU (44.4% vs. 0%, p=0.0202) with intra-abdominal infection (33.3% vs. 0%,
p=0.0439). The primary endpoint of all-cause in-hospital mortality was not statistically different between
the early and late adjunctive vasopressor groups (75% vs. 90%, respectively, p=0.4203). Longer ICU and
hospital length of stay in the early adjunctive vasopressor cohort was observed (9 days vs 3 days, p=0.0061;
11 days vs 3 days, p=0.0026, respectively). Twenty-two patients were included in analysis of vasopressor
discontinuation sequence with no significant differences in mortality, incidence of hypotension, or
ICU/hospital length of stay.
Conclusion: Among patients with septic shock on multiple vasopressors, addition of adjunctive vasopressor
before reaching a norepinephrine dose of 2 mcg/kg/min was associated with longer in-hospital and ICU
survival but exhibited no difference in overall mortality. Discontinuation of vasopressin before
norepinephrine led to longer total vasopressor duration without a difference in rates of hypotension. Future
prospective studies are warranted.
Surgical Treatment of Tensile Effusion in Postoperative Cavity after Glioma Resection
Authors: Lv Sheng-Qing , Huang Guo-Hao , Yang Lin , Lv Sheng-Qing , Qin Xun , Xiang Yan , Li Yao , Pei Yu-Chun , Zhang Zuofeng
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To explore the clinical surgical methods for the treatment of tensile effusion in postoperative cavity after glioma resection.
Methods: Clinical data of 26 cases of tensile effusion in postoperative cavity after glioma resection were analyzed retrospectively. All 26 patients underwent surgical treatment, including 16 cases who underwent puncture and drainage (P&D), and 10 cases who underwent craniotomy decompression (CD). Among the cases of P&D, postoperative cavity in 7 cases were punctured through the burr hole for creating the skull flap for intraoperative resection of glioma, and postoperative cavities in 9 cases were punctured through a burr hole for the dura mater suspended under the skull flap. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was used to evaluate the consciousness status of the two groups of patients before and after surgery. Moreover, time of operation, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital duration, and postoperative complications were also adopted for evaluation of the merits of the two methods for treatment of tensile effusion in postoperative cavity after glioma resection.
Results: The consciousness of the patients in both groups improved within 24 hours after the operation, and there were no death cases. In the P&D group, the GCS score within 24 hours after surgery was (14.38±0.20), the time of operation time was (7.81±0.64) mins, intraoperative blood loss was (6.25±0.56) ml, and postoperative hospital duration was (6.69±0.54) days. There were 3 cases with postoperative complications (1 case of puncture tract hemorrhage, 1 case of subdural hematoma and 1 case of intracranial infection) in the P&D group. All of the puncture tract hemorrhage and subdural hematoma did not require surgical treatment, and the intracranial infection was cured after antibiotic treatment and lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid replacement. In the CD group, the GCS score within 24 hours after surgery was (13.70±0.21), the time of operation was (124.10±8.96) mins, intraoperative blood loss was (260±30.55) ml, and postoperative hospital duration was (11.30±0.60) days. There were 2 cases with postoperative complications (both of them were with subdural hematoma), none of which required surgical treatment. The GCS score, time of operation, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospital duration in the P&D group were better than those in the CD group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P >0.05).
Conclusion: The P&D and CD for tensile effusion in postoperative cavity after glioma resection can both achieve ideal results, but P&D in line with the concept of micro-invasive neurosurgery was better than CD in terms of postoperative GCS score within 24 hours, duration of operative, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative hospital duration.
Non-Invasive Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Systematic Literature Review by Using Citation Network Analysis
Authors: Yip Joanne , Cheung Jason Pui-Yin , Yip Joanne , Cheung Kenneth Man-Chee , Kwan Kenny YatHong , Yick Kit-Lun , Lo Kwan-Yu Chris , Ng Sun-Pui , Wong Sze-Ham
Published: March 2020

There are many nonsurgical treatment options from adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) to control the
progression of the spinal curvature. However, the existing studies are so diverse and diffuse that it is
challenging to find potential trends for further studies without a more comprehensive review in place for
reference purposes. Thus, the objective of this review article is to conduct a systematic literature review on
the noninvasive treatment of AIS with a citation network analysis. The Web of Science (WoS) was searched
using 9 reference keywords to collect published articles in English on nonsurgical treatment options for AIS
from 1979 to 2019. Each eligible article focused on the nonsurgical options for treating AIS. In addition, the
HistCite and the UCINet softwares were referred to for article distribution and citation network analysis.
Only non-invasive treatment options of AIS were included. Studies that estimated the amount of spinal
curvature, causes of or risk factors for AIS and any invasive treatments, such as surgery, were not focused
on. The articles were independently extracted by 3 authors based on the predefined eligibility criteria. The
title, authors, year of publication, country or region of publication, reference list, keywords and other
bibliographic information from each article was extracted and analyzed purely based on the data with the
HistCite and UCINet programs. At last, a total of 146 articles out of 1594 articles were selected for the
literature review after the exclusion of 1357 irrelevant articles and 91 inappropriate studies, such as letters
and proceedings papers. Of these 146 articles, the majority were empirical studies (74.0%). There was also
a lack of meta-analyses in this research field. Based on the results of the citation network analysis, most of
the top 10 articles with the highest local citation scores (LCSs) focused on bracing as a treatment. The
popularity of bracing as a research topic was also supported by the citation network structure, as brace
treatment was in the largest of the five research clusters; this cluster also included posture training through
exercise, managing the corrective forces of braces, 3D analysis of braces and quality of life during brace
treatment. However, most of these studies focused on rigid braces. A few studies on non-rigid braces and
other types of nonsurgical treatment were available in the current literature, which might indicate potential
research areas for future studies. To conclude, noninvasive treatment for AIS has been on the academic radar
recently; but there are still research gaps, such as the lack of research on semi-rigid and flexible braces or
posture training exercises with biofeedback systems. Further studies could explore these research directions.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BIOELECTRIC ACTIVITY OF THE MASTICATORY MUSCLES IN PATIENTS WITH HEARING DEPRIVATION IN PERMANENT OCCLUSION IN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE
Authors: Kuroiedova V.D. , Sokolohorska-Nykina Yu.K.
Published: March 2020

The study of the muscles of the maxillofacial area both in normal and pathological occlusions is the area of great interest, since muscle function is an indicator of complex functional relationships of the dento-mandibular system. Hearing impaired patients have many features related to the functional features of the maxillofacial area due to the slight or complete lack of use of facial muscles during speech or through the use of sign language. Hearing impaired children have 100% of bite pathology.

The functional state of chewing and temporal muscles in schoolchildren with hearing loss in constant bite at rest was studied. Twenty-five hearing impaired students with permanent dentistry were studied at Poltava Special Boarding School for Deaf Children, who formed the study group. Among them, there were 13 women (62.5%) and 12 men (37.5%). The mean age was 18.7 ± 1.31 years. The control group used the data of the study of patients with constant physiological bite without hearing disorders, determined by M. I. Dmytrenko. The average age was 21.3 ± 1.25 years.

The bioelectric activity of the chewing muscles was examined on an electromyographic complex. The average values of oscillation amplitude (μV) of muscle biopotential on both sides were determined. Muscle biopotentials were recorded for five seconds in a state of physiological calm with closed lips.

The results show that all indicators of PD of chewing muscles in a state of physiological rest are almost 2 times higher (p˂0,05) in comparison with those of patients with normal hearing and physiological bite. The work of the temporal muscles in schoolchildren with hearing loss is characterized by symmetry. There is also greater electrical activity of the temporal muscle than the masticatory muscles at rest, unlike normal hearing patients.

All patients with hearing impairment had 100% prevalence of dental anomalies. Biopotential of chewing muscle of I class. for angle was 2.7 times higher than in patients with the control group. The biopotential of the temporalis muscle in the ICE was 1.8 times higher (p˂0.05), which indicates a constant tension or insufficient muscle relaxation in patients with ICE. In patients with hearing loss of II class. for angle, the average value of the biopotential of the chewing muscle was 2.3 times higher than in patients in 2 group, the temporal muscle was 1.5 times higher.
Studi Deskriptif Kelengkapan Dokumen Rekam Medis
Authors: Purwanti Ika Setya , Prihatiningsih Diah , Devhy Ni Luh Putu
Published: March 2020

Medical records are files that contain records and patient identify documents, the results of examination treatments, action, and services that have been provided. The completeness of filling in the medical record file can make it easier for other health workers to provide patient action or treatment, and can be used as a useful source of information for hospital management in determining the evaluation and development of health services. The purpose of this research was to study the complete picture of medical record documents at Sanjiwani General Hospital, Gianyar. This research is a quantitative study using the checklist in accordance with Permenkes RI No. 269/Menkes/Per/III/2008. The method used in this study was observation using cross sectional and restrospective data collection. The results of this study indicate that the completeness of the medical record from the patients identity, the identity of the doctor, the identity of the nurse shows a completeness of 100% and the completeness of the information was 64,1%. Analysis of data from this research used descriptive methods. So that it is expcted from the results of this study to maintain the awareness and discipline of the officers responsible for filling out medical record in accordance with predetermined procedures.AbstrakRekam medis adalah berkas yang berisi catatan dan dokumen identitas pasien, hasil pemeriksaan, pengobatan, tindakan dan pelayanan yang telah diberikan. Kelengkapan pengisian berkas rekam medis dapat memudahkan tenaga kesehatan lain dalam memberikan tindakan atau pengobatan pasien, dan dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber informasi yang berguna bagi manajemen rumah sakit dalam menentukan evaluasi dan pengembangan pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kelengkapan  rekam medis di RSUD Sanjiwani, Gianyar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Check list sesuai dengan Permenkes RI No. 269/Menkes/Per/III/2008. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan pengambilan datanya secara retrospektif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelengkapan rekam medis dari kelengkapan identitas pasien, kelengkapan identitas dokter, kelengkapan identitas perawat menunjukkan kelengkapan rekam medis sebesar 100% sedangkan kelengkapan inform concern sebanyak 64,1%. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan agar rumah sakit dapat mempertahankan kesadaran dan kedisiplinan petugas yang bertanggung jawab dalam pengisian rekam medis sehingga sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah ditetapkan.
Analisis Beban Kerja dan Kebutuhan Sumber Daya Manusia Petugas Rekam Medis Puskesmas Adan-adan Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Suryanto Hikmawan
Published: March 2020

Human resources are an important and vital component in an organization's operations. Quality health services can not be separated from the organization of a good medical record. In order to run well, sufficient medical records are needed. In the Adan-Adan Health Center, the number of patient visits from July 2018 to July 2019 was 16,828 people. Medical records officer only numbered 1 person. The research objective is to calculate the needs of human resources in the medical record unit using the ABK method. The design of this research is descriptive observational with case study approach. Respondents in this study were medical staff at the Adan-adan Health Center in Kediri Regency with a total of 1 person. The results of the study are that there is a shortage of human resources in the Adan-Adan Health Center medical record unit which should be 3, but totaling 1 person. Suggestions for Adan-Adan Health Center are employee recruitment needs to be done so that the number of medical records officers can be fulfilled. AbstrakSumber daya manusia merupakan komponen penting dan vital dalam operasional sebuah organisasi. Pelayanan kesehatan yang bermutu tidak terlepas dari penyelenggaraan rekam medis yang baik. Agar berjalan dengan baik, maka dibutuhkan sumber daya rekam medis yang cukup. Kunjungan pasien di Puskesmas Adan-adan pada periode Juli 2018 – Juli 2019 sebesar 16.828 orang. Petugas rekam medis hanya berjumlah 1 orang. Tujuan penelitian untuk menghitung kebutuhan sumber daya manusia di unit rekam medis menggunakan metode ABK. Desain penelitian ini yaitu observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan case study. Responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu petugas rekam medis Puskesmas Adan-adan Kabupaten Kediri yang bejumlah 1 orang. Hasil penelitian yaitu terdapat kekurangan jumlah sumber daya manusia di unit rekam medis Puskesmas Adan-adan yang seharusnya berjumlah 3, namun saat ini berjumlah 1. Saran bagi Puskesmas Adan-adan yaitu perlu dilakukan rekrutmen pegawai agar jumlah petugas rekam medis dapat terpenuhi.
EFISIENSI RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR DALAM MENURUNKAN KANDUNGAN BOD, TSS, MINYAK DAN LEMAK
Authors: Wicaksono Bayu Adhi , Indro Wardono Hari Rudijanto , Budiono Zaeni , Purnomo Bayu Chondro
Published: March 2020

Limbah domestik merupakan air buangan yang berasal dari aktivitas rumah tangga seperti memasak, mencuci, mandi, dan kakus. Banyaknya pencemaran badan air yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas tersebut dapat menurunkan kualitas air bersih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi pencemaran air pada air limbah kantin menggunakkan alat pengolahan limbah cair yang dapat menurunkan kadar BOD, TSS, minyak dan lemak.Eksperimen ini menggunakan alat pengolahan limbah cair bentuk prototype. Pengolahan gabungan secara fisik menggunakan karbon aktif, grease trap dengan micro screen, dan secara biologi menggunakan biofilter (bioball). Pengoperasian alat menggunakan debit 53 ml/ menit (bak pertama menuju bak kedua). Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu air limbah kantin. Analisis data menggunakan uji pair t test dengan desain penelitian yaitu pre test – post test.Hasil penelitian rata – rata penurunan kadar BOD, TSS, minyak dan lemak setelah pengolahan yaitu 241,544 mg/ lt, 435,33 mg/ lt, dan 10,43 mg/ lt. Uji pair t test menunjukkan nilai p = 0,016 berarti p 0,05 maka ada perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah pengolahan. Hasil analisis efisiensi rata – rata kadar BOD, TSS, minyak dan lemak yaitu 89,07%, 89,91%, dan 84,82%.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah pengolahan dengan menggunakan alat pengolahan limbah cair dalam menurunkan kandungan BOD, TSS, minyak dan lemak. Peningkatan efisiensi alat dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan pre treatment dan atau penambahan treatment.
“I thought the people wanted to get rid of the teacher:” Educational Authority in Late-Nineteenth Century Ontario
Authors: Goldberg Jennifer Anne
Published: March 2020

By the late-nineteenth century, Ontario’s educational state was firmly established. However, the rise of provincial bureaucracy did not preclude the continuing influence of community authorities and expectations. This complex relationship between central and local spheres of power is a difficult one to assess, particularly because school board-level records are perfunctory in their coverage of such issues. However, during the 1870s and 1880s, the secretary of the Lambton Board of Education was unusually fastidious, and so this cache of records offers a view of school management rare in its detail and nuance. This paper will use Lambton County as a case study to illuminate local-provincial educational power relations. Specifically, it will examine the contested space of teacher authority, through close study of the four cases of teacher misconduct brought before the board in the late 1800s.
Up Against 'Edutopia': Dr. James Daly's Crusade against the Spectre of Progressive Education, 1968-1983.
Authors: Bennett Paul W.
Published: March 2020

Over forty years ago, an Ontario Provincial Committee headed by Emmett Hall and Lloyd Dennis released Living and Learning (1968), a bold and provocative progressive reform prescription for the perceived ills afflicting the Ontario public school system. One of the most strident critics of the Hall-Dennis Report was Dr. James Daly, a little known McMaster University English history professor, who responded with a stinging critique in the form of a political pamphlet-sized book entitled Education or Molasses: A Critical Look at the Hall-Dennis Report (1969). While Daly’s little book echoed the essential message of Hilda Neatby’s So Little for the Mind (1953), it never attracted the same popular acclaim. Many Ontario educators from regular classroom teachers to academics sympathized with Daly, but few rallied to his defence in the ensuing public debate. This article explores Dr. Daly’s personal crusade and assesses why it fizzled in the public arena, yet actually helped to turn the tide in the 1980s backlash against the Hall-Dennis brand of ‘romantic progressive’ reform.
The Prognostic Value of DNA Methylation Markers in Renal Cell Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Peters Inga , Merseburger Axel S. , Tezval Hossein , Lafos Marcel , Tabrizi Pouriya Faraj , Mazdak Mehrdad , Wolters Mathias , Kuczyk Markus A. , Serth Jürgen , von Klot Christoph-A.J.
Published: March 2020

Introduction:

DNA methylation is an epigenetic event that occurs in normal tissues but changes in both the early and late stages of multiple tumor entities, including renal cell cancer (RCC). Many studies have shown that DNA methylation markers are relevant to RCC prognosis, but none of these markers have entered into clinical routine. Furthermore, because of its potential reversibility, DNA methylation might provide a new target for RCC therapy strategies.

Materials and methods:

Following PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic literature search up to February 2019. After selection for eligibility, a total of 56 studies were identified for analysis. Each study was categorized and the level of evidence assessed. Only articles reporting on DNA methylation markers and their association with survival were included. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted with R statistical software.

Results:

We identified promoter methylation of SFRP1, GATA5, NEFH, GREM1, and BCN1 as associated with survival in RCC. Moreover, we found evidence that methylation signatures, i.e., grouping of different potential gene markers, might be of better prognostic value than single gene marker investigations. Nevertheless, because of the heterogeneous features of the studies in terms of design, methodology, patient cohorts, and statistics, the true clinical impact of these methylation markers for prognosis in RCC patients remains uncertain.

Conclusion:

This systematic review elucidates the potential impact of DNA methylation on survival of patients with RCC. Several promising prognostic markers, especially methylation signatures, were identified, which is encouraging, but prospective validations are necessary to establish their true clinical value.
Not Enough Debates with Wasila Tamzali
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

Wasila Tamzali is Head of Women's Rights at the UNESCO. She was in Beirut in the Spring to attend UNESCO's Conference "The Rights of Women in Lebanon: Situation and Perspectives in the Context of National Reconstruction." (See AI-Raida #61, pg.19).
The Lost Flour Mill
Authors: Nasrallah Emily
Published: March 2020

Re-printed by permission from the author, Emily Nasrallah. A House Not Her Own, Stories from Beirut.  Translated by Thuraya Khalil-Khouri. Gynergy books. Canada: Ragweed Press. 1992.
Should Women's Health be a Medical Specialty
Authors: Papazian Taline
Published: March 2020

A few months ago, I came across several articles about a new specialty in medicine focusing on women's health. The proponents of this specialty were concerned with women's total health needs much as pediatrics is with children or geriatrics with old people. "Its practitioners would be trained in everything from managing menopause to spotting abuse, with a focus on the growing body of research on how diseases and drugs act differently in women than in men"
Bank Managers
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Bank Managers
International Women's Day
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

International Women's Day. Women in the novels of Daisy El-Amir and Emily Nasrallah.
A Tribute to Marguerite Yourcenar
Authors: Amyuni Mona Takkiedine
Published: March 2020

A Tribute to Marguerite Yourcenar
Making Women's Rights Part of Human Rights
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

How can Lebanon speak of making Women's Rights part of the Global Human Rights Agenda when it has not ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women? Seventeen years of war carry a toll of human rights violations, yet the Lebanese praise themselves for the fact that women were not a target like women in Croatia.
Debate on War by Rose Ghurayyib
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

Since 1976, i.e. since the end of the first two-year stage of the Lebanese war which lasted 17 years, many books and articles have been published about the war. Yet much more needs to be written, particularly about the underground causes and the multiple secret hands that wove its threads. The article I am reviewing, written by Evelyne Accad () reproduces a debate of nine pages, followed by a commentary of fifteen pages.
Early Detection andAssessment of Disability: Series of Lectures byIWSAW.
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

For a long time, disabled people with special needs have been neglected. Little governmental and educational attention has been given to people with special needs and most of the existing institutions seem to be operated and funded by individuals, private enterprises as well as philanthropic and funding agencies.
Arab Woman: President of International Women's Democratic League
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Arab Woman: President of International Women's Democratic League
The Castle
Authors: Graff Aida Farrag
Published: March 2020

The Castle
Re-Opening of the Beirut Theater in Ain-El-Mreysseh, Beirut
Authors: Amyuni Mona Takkiedine
Published: March 2020

For the support of creativity and culture; for giving back to Beirut her role as a Lebanese and Arab cultural center; for the creation of a polyvalent scene in which plays, films, children's programs, musical concerts, poetic recitals, art exhibitions and conferences, will be offered.
A Noticeable Rise of Women to the Scene
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

Fall 1992 witnessed a great deal of activities and developments with respect to women in Lebanon and some other Arab countries.
Ms. Bahia Hariri, Deputy in The Lebanese Parliament, 1992
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Bahia Hariri is the President of the Hariri Foundation who is responsible for the education of at least 30,000 Lebanese students on educational grants in Lebanon and overseas.
Workshop to Train Women Towards Effective Participation in Syndicates
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

Workshop to Train Women Towards Effective Participationin Syndicates, Organized by Suzanne Abu Fadel
Women's Rights and Status, The Environment, Physical Disabilities, Drug Abuse and Leadership
Authors: Abdallah Laura , Katul Mona
Published: March 2020

Women's Rights and Status, The Environment, Physical Disabilities, Drug Abuse and Leadership - Seminars in the Retreat of the Naional YMCA Youth Leadership
Letters
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Letters to the Editor
Women At the Global Forum and in Participating NGOs
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Women At the Global Forum and in Participating NGOs: Wangari Maathai, Frances Kissling, Christina Vollmer, Barbara Bramble, Mabel Bianco
International Women's Day at The Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World, at Beirut University College
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

On the occasion of the International Women's Day, the Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World organized a panel discussion entitled Woman III a Man's World. Scholars, women's groups, university professors and students, in addition to members of the press and the radio media attended the panel discussion which took place on Wednesday March 11, in Irwin Hall, Beirut University College.
The Women of The Maghreb
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

I had the chance to meet a few of them at a conference organized by IWSAW. Highly educated women who have assimilated the best of Western culture. They spoke and wrote in flawless French. Their dress, conversations and manners revealed a modern life, good taste, free of ostentation and artificiality.
Series of Panel Discussion on Physical, Sensory and Mental Disabilities
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World (IWSAW) organized a series of four panel discussions about Disabilities, on the last Wednesday of each month beginning with February, at the Beirut University College's Irwin Hall.
Pollution and Women in an Age of Technology
Authors: Michael Dr. Indrani
Published: March 2020

At the outset it may seem irrelevant to talk about pollution in relation to women and children, especially when environmental issues and relevant crises are global and affect all life forms on earth. However, in reality, these issues and problems do not affect men, women, children and other life forms in the same way. The reasons vary because of the multiplicity of accepted social equality, religious beliefs, role definitions and role expectations of the sexes.
Everyone's Guide to Toxic in the Home
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Many or these substitutes are as effective as and usually cheaper to use than the chemical products available today.
Dr. Nawal el-Saadawy at Beirut University College
Authors: El-Saadawy Dr. Nawal
Published: March 2020

She is famous for her radical ideas and statements, and her name is directly associated with the Feminist movement in the Arab world. Dr, Nawal el-Saadawy needs no introduction. When she came to Beirut University College on Wednesday January 22, 1992, the auditorium was a full house and students were standing in the isles. Needless to say, her speech aroused controversy infuriating some while asserting the points of others.
Dr. Waldraut Merhej
Authors: Awar Nada
Published: March 2020

I was led to the "Diagnostic Center for Special children" by pure coincidence. Being there, I was touched by the sincerity, humanity, devotion and awareness of the women collaborating to form a successful working team.
Searching
Authors: El-Saadawy Nawal
Published: March 2020

Nawal El Saadawy, Searching. Translated by Shirley Eber. London and New Jersev. Zed Books. 1991. 114 pages.
AI-Raida is Yours
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

This is the last issue of Al-Raida for 1991. The year covered a variety of events, people, concerns, problems, developments and achievements for and by women in the Arab world. The basic purpose of Al-Raida is simply to communicate what is happening and how it is happening for women.
Sexuality and War, By Evelyne Accad
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

Evelyne Accad, Sexuality and War: Literary Masks of the Middle East, New York: New York University Press, 1990. p. quote by Jean Libis "Le My the de l'Angrogine."
Dorothy Salhab Kazemi: Ceramics
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Dorothy Salhab Kazemi: Ceramics
The Sudanese Woman, by Susan Kenyon
Authors: Accad Evelyne
Published: March 2020

The Sudanese Woman, by Susan Kenyon
The Effects of The War on University Education of Lebanese Females
Authors: Zureik Dr. Aisha Harb
Published: March 2020

Again and again, Lebanon is seen through the spectrum of the war. How did this war affect . its demography, its economy, its social structure and most of all its educational status.
"Women and Education", The National Council of Lebanese Women
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

"Women and Education", The National Council of Lebanese Women
Female Singers In The Arab World: Cultural Symbols in A Traditional Society
Authors: Awar Nada
Published: March 2020

The Arab's appreciation of female singers is largely due to the romantic character of their culture. Hence, there is an abundance of sentimentalism, nostalgia and religiousity. A song is perceived as a means to express feelings, spread values and norms, and get human beings closer to their creator once used in the spiritual context. Naturally, the singer secures a prestigious position among the people for using his/her voice, «a gift from God”,  to spread the word of God, express loneliness, reflect patriotism , etc ...
For Your Information, Madam: Women's World Banking
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

«With economic power, we're going to invest in somethingother than nuclear power and war games.» Michaela Walsh.
Various News
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Mrs. Khadijah Bint Ahmed: Minister of Women's Affairs, Industry And Tourism In Mauritania / Easy Credit For Women
The Development of Women's Studies: A Report From the Netherlands
Authors: Brouns Margo
Published: March 2020

In the past fifteen years, women's studies have flourished in many countries. And the Netherlands is no exception.
Becoming A Lawyer: Miss Fadia Ghanem
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

We interviewed Miss Fadia Nimr Ghanem as a young female law trainee in her office. Miss Ghanem has an earnest ambition to become a lawyer. She feels that being a female is an asset rather than a disadvantage, both in terms of her working abilities and the growing encouragement that society gives women nowadays.
Empowerment and the Law: Strategies of Third World Women
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Editor: Dr. Margaret Schuler, Washington D.C.: OverseasEducation Fund, OEF International, 1986.
The Ar.ab And Mediterranean World: Legislation Towards Crimes of Honor
Authors: Moghaizel Laure
Published: March 2020

The paper of Laure Moghaizel examines a number of legislative measures dealing with crimes of honor in the Arab World namely Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lybia, Syria and Tunisia; and in five Mediterranean countries like Spain, Italy, -France, Portugal and Turkey.
The Implications Of A Gender Perspective In Literacy
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Implications Of A Gender Perspective In Literacy
Publication Received By IWSAW
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Our Institute, IWSA W, has recently received a book on women and the law and politics in the Arab World.
Arab Women Managers
Authors: Canaan Leila , Canaan Ameen
Published: March 2020

The study of Arab Women in Management was inspired by the Forum on the subject held in the Gulf in 1988.
Arab Women Solidarity
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Founded in Egypt in 1982, under the name of "Arab Women Solidarity" (A WS), this association obtained, in 1985, a consultative status, category 2, with the United Nations Economic and Social Council. The founder is the well-known Egyptian feminist, Dr. Nawal Saadawi, whose experience as neurologist and clinical researcher induced her to write several studies and novels about the problems of the Egyptian and Arab women.
Tunisian Women, Their Right in Public Opinion
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Tunisian code of personal status, promulgated by President Bourguiba in 1956, is considered as the most progressive among the codes of Muslim countries.
Discrimination Against Women in Japan
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

In Japan there are two centers for Women's studies: one is Kobe College Center and another is Tokyo Women's Christian University. Both were represented at the A WI Indonesia Conference. The speeches given by the Japanese participants were brief but they contained interesting points regarding the problems of Japanese women.
Modern Movement: Art Design and Architecture
Authors: Musfy Leila A.
Published: March 2020

Miss Leila Musfy (Lebanese) who is presently Assistant Professor, Advisor and Coordinator to the Graphic and Advertising Program at Beirut University College is one of the better known Graphic Designers in Lebanon.
The Woman Artist in Lebanon, by Helen Khal
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

The Woman Artist in Lebanon, by Helen Khal
Because I had to sing
Authors: Samman Ghada
Published: March 2020

Because I had to sing, by Ghada Samman
Women's Psychology
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

In founding psychoanalysis, Freud's contribution lies in the theories he developed regarding the existence of subconscious complexes in man that exert a dominating influence on his personality. According to him, these complexes are mainly connected with sex and family relationships, (the Oedipus complex, the Electra complex, the Cain complex, etc.).
Eugenism in Theory and Practice
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

The 19th century witnessed the end of a number of old theories which dominated the scientific field long before the dawn of our scientific age. One of them is the theory of spontaneous generation which gave way to the discovery of microbes by Pasteur (1822-1895) who was able to prove that contagious diseases and other forms of infection were due to microscopic organisms called microbes.
Le rendez-vous (The Date)
Authors: Accad Evelyne
Published: March 2020

Francoise Collin is a French writer who has published several novels: - lci. Ie jour fabuleux (Le Seuil), Rose qui peut (Le Seuil), 331 W 20, election du president (Transedition), Le jardin de Louise (NB) - a philosophical essay: Maurice Blanchot et la question de I'ecriture (Gallimard) - various collective works: La seduction (Au bier) , Les femmes et leur maitres (Christian Bourgois), Le recit et sa 'representation (Payot), Le colloque de Tanger-William Burroughs (Christian Bourgois), L'emergence d'une culture au feminin (Saint Martin, Montreal), J.L. Borges (Chicago Press), and many articles in various journals.
The Tunisian Women in the Era of Independence
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

In a long article published by Zeynab Cherny Ben Said in the magazine of IBLA, Institut des Belles lettres Arabes in Tunisia, the author discusses the impact of the era of independence which began in 1956, on the status of Tunisian women. She tries to show the gains obtained by women through the leadership and encouragement of the former president Al-Habib BouRqibah
Children's Reactions to War: the Case of Lebanon
Authors: Chimienti John
Published: March 2020

The logistic problems associated' with carrying out research in conflict-ridden areas are exacerbated by the limitations on professional, institutional and financial resources which most often accompany widespread hostilities. Relief projects for victims of war provide some aid, but this rarely includes mental health considerations.