bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urbanizing the Ambient
Authors: McKenna H. Patricia
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this chapter is to develop and explore the ambient urbanizing concept as a way to shed light on what happens at the urban level when people become more aware and attuned to smartness and ambience in everyday city spaces. The research design for this work includes a case study approach and multiple methods of quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. In parallel with this study, anecdotal evidence gathered from individuals across the city through informal individual and group discussions enabled further analysis, comparison, and triangulation of data. This chapter makes a contribution to the research literature across multiple domains; sheds light on the emerging relationships of awareness in the people – technologies – cities dynamic, highlighting the critical role of people, in their everyday urban activities, interactions, and experiences; and offers a proposed ambient urbanizing framework for enriching spaces, things, and designs in smart cities.
On the Role of Game Theory in Modelling Incentives and Interactions in Mobile Distributed Systems
Authors: Yahaya Mohammed Onimisi
Published: June 2017

Advances in wireless networking has led to a new paradigm of Mobile Distributed Systems (MDS), where data, devices and software are mobile. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks is a form of distributed system in which sharing of resources has some similarities to our traditional market in terms of goods and relationship. Game theory provides a mathematical framework for understanding the complexity of interdependent decision makers with similar or conflicting objectives. Games could be characterized by number of players who interact, possibly threaten each other and form coalitions, take actions under uncertain conditions. The players receive some reward or possibly some punishment or monetary loss. Our primary objective is to provide an insight into the role and suitability of game theory in the study of Economics of P2P systems. In order to achieve this objectives, we investigate different classes of game theory, review and analyze their use in the modelling of P2P system.
Game Models in Various Applications
Authors: Kim Sungwook
Published: June 2017

Recently, game-theoretic models have become famous in many academic research areas. Therefore, many applications and extensions of the original game theoretic approach appear in many of the major science fields. Despite all the technical problems, the history of game theory suggests that it would be premature to abandon the tool, especially in the absence of a viable alternative. If anything, the development of game theory has been driven precisely by the realization of its limitations and attempts to overcome them. This chapter explores these ideas.
Power Control Schemes Based on Game Theory
Authors: Kim Sungwook
Published: June 2017

Power control is the intelligent selection of transmitter power output in a communication system to achieve good performance within the system. The notion of good performance can depend on context and may include optimizing metrics such as link data rate, network capacity, geographic coverage and range, and life of the network and network devices. Power control algorithms are used in many contexts, including cellular networks, sensor networks, and wireless LANs. Typically, there is no simple answer to the problem of power control, and a good algorithm must strike a balance between the benefits and drawbacks associated with targeting a particular transmit power based on the performance criteria of most importance to the designer. This chapter discusses power control schemes.
A Consumer Decision-Making Model in M-Commerce
Authors: Zheng Weijun , Jin Leigh
Published: June 2017

The objective of this paper is to understand the importance of mobile reputation systems in mobile users' app discovery and purchase satisfaction. A theoretical framework describing the mediating effects of reputation systems on mobile app users' purchase satisfaction is developed and empirically tested with mobile app users. The findings of this study suggest that mobile reputation systems embedded in application stores play important mediating roles in mobile app purchase decision-making process and ultimately purchase satisfaction.
Developing a Research Framework to Assess Online Consumer Behaviour Using Netnography in India
Authors: Deka Gautam , Rathore Sumangla , Panwar Avinash
Published: June 2017

Netnography is a specialized form of ethnographic research that has been adapted to the unique contingencies of various types of computer-mediated social interaction. With the tremendous growth in the number of Internet users in India, the potential of utilizing netnography to study various aspects of management and business has also increased. Several e-Commerce companies have started operating in India since 2007. Over time, the number of online consumers has also increased in India. Therefore it is important to know the online consumer behaviour towards e-Commerce companies operating in India. Keeping the above facts in view, this chapter proposes Netnogrpahy as an effective research method to assess online consumer behavior. The chapter not only helps in providing future agenda for research, but also presents a framework that may be adopted to carry out Netnogrpahy of e-commerce related websites in India.
An Entrepreneurial Approach to Cloud Computing Design and Application
Authors: Ratten Vanessa
Published: June 2017

The design and application of cloud computing services is inherently entrepreneurial as it is constantly evolving as a result of technological innovation. This chapter focuses on providing an entrepreneurial approach to understanding change in the cloud computing context by highlighting the importance of innovative system usage. The chapter discusses how cloud computing services are creating a ecosystem of mobile commerce applications that is changing the way consumers, businesses and the government collects, disseminates and stores information. These changes have given way to entrepreneurial service innovations in the cloud domain that are a result of consumer demand for more current and relevant technological innovations. This chapter addresses the role of entrepreneurship in technological innovations by focusing on marketing and learning applications that are unique to cloud computing services. The future research suggestions from this chapter stress the importance nature of being entrepreneurial to encourage technological innovation in the cloud computing context.
Mobilization Techniques Utilized by Leading Global E-Commerce Sites
Authors: Sandvig J. Christopher
Published: June 2017

The objective of this study is to improve our understanding of website mobilization techniques. The landing pages of Alexa's 527 top global shopping sites were analyzed for mobilization technique, mobile usability, and data requirements. It also investigates how mobile technique impacts Google mobile search results. The study found that 89.3% of top global shopping sites are mobile-friendly. The most popular mobile technique is to redirect mobile users to a separate URL, commonly known as m.sites, utilized by 44.1% of sites, followed by dynamic serving, utilized by 23.8%, and responsive, utilized by 23.0% of sites. Keyword analysis using the SEMRush service found a statistically significant difference in keywords following Google's algorithm change to favor mobile sites.
Online Shopping in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Abdallah Salam , Jaleel Bushra
Published: June 2017

The aim of this paper is to empirically explore the perception of a group of United Arab Emirates (UAE) web users towards e-commerce transactions, study their willingness to trade online, and isolate factors that drive these users towards purchase decisions. The study finds that web users largely use functional characteristics to assess the effectiveness of e-commerce websites, and are driven towards online purchase decisions by factors such as greater security, better value, and convenience. Overall, web experience was defined by the users in terms of three main dimensions; website features, credibility and trust, and transaction value. Practitioners can use these findings to improve their websites and online offers to better serve this market. The paper fills an identified gap in the literature by investigating the perceptions of the UAE web users, and makes a contribution towards studying the concept of online shopping in this region.
An Empirical Study of the Effect of Internet Services on the Preferential Adoption of Mobile Internet
Authors: Nour Mohamed Abdalla
Published: June 2017

The revolution in wireless and cellular communications has led to a remarkable growth in smart mobile cellular devices capable of Internet access and mobile web browsing. This study empirically examined the emerging role of the mobile Internet as an alternative access channel for a growing list of applications and services. Based on a survey of 220 undergraduate students in a major university in the Middle East, we developed and tested a model where the mobile advantage of e-communication, e-transactions, e-entertainment, and e-learning were posited to influence the choice of Internet access channel, mobile or stationary. The results indicated that e-communication, e-transactions, and e-entertainment significantly influenced the choice of Internet channel, whereas access to online learning resources and services did not have such an effect. Moreover, the study did not find any significant effect of gender in this preference, pointing to the declining relevance of the gender digital divide. Some theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Consumer Attitudes Toward Online Shopping
Authors: Nabot Ahmad , Garaj Vanja , Balachandran Wamadeva
Published: June 2017

In the era of the diffusion of e-commerce and its services offered to the consumers over the Internet, the Internet is commonly used by both consumers and businesses to buy and sell their goods and services worldwide. This study focuses on the factors influencing customers' decisions and attitudes toward adopting online shopping in Jordan. The study found that online shopping in Jordan is still not very common, due to challenges and barriers that affect the diffusion of online shopping: delivery barriers, such as the lack of prepared transportation and mapping infrastructure, lack of reliable delivery system for delivering bought goods to the customers caused by the lack of postcode system; and lack of knowledge and awareness about the benefits of e-commerce among retailers and consumers. A structured questionnaire was distributed among 50 participants (university students, employees/professionals etc.), and then the collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 18.02 (SPSS). The results show that attitudes toward online shopping and intention to shop online were affected by lack of human resources, such as low level of experience in using the Internet and shopping websites for shopping, lack of developed IT infrastructure, trust in e-retailers, and online payment and delivery service concerns. However, Jordanian consumers are willing to adopt and recommend online shopping for others as an alternative way for shopping.
Advocating Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce in the Global Marketplace
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: June 2017

This chapter describes the overview of electronic business (e-business), the multifaceted applications of e-business, the importance of e-business in the global marketplace, the overview of electronic commerce (e-commerce), the emerging trends of e-commerce, and the importance of e-commerce in the global marketplace. The utilization of e-business and e-commerce is required for modern organizations that seek to serve suppliers and customers, improve business performance, reinforce competitiveness, and gain continuous effectiveness in the global marketplace. Therefore, it is necessary for modern organizations to advocate their e-business and e-commerce and establish a strategic plan to regularly check their practical advancements toward satisfying customer requirements. The chapter argues that advocating e-business and e-commerce has the potential to enhance organizational performance and gain sustainable competitive advantage in the global marketplace.
Role of Media in Success of E-Tailing
Authors: Singh Surabhi
Published: June 2017

This chapter proposes to bring forth insights as how media contributes in e-tailing. The success of online retailers owe to the role which media plays in changing the consumer mind. India's retail market value was estimated at $520 billion in 2013, and is expected to grow to $950 billion by 2018. With a CAGR currently pegged at 13%, the Indian e-commerce market is expected to grow the fastest within the Asia-Pacific Region – with its market size doubling every 2-2.5 years. This certainly gives us reason for deep introspection. While the global growth rate of online shoppers is estimated at 8-10%, India currently has more than 10 million online shoppers. With the evolution of the online marketplace, sites like Flipkart, Snapdeal, Jabong and Myntra are thriving which has risen the practice of buying goods online. The media has definitely played vital role in shaping the online retail business.
Do Privacy Concerns Affect Information Seeking via Smartphones?
Authors: Abdelhamid Mohamed , Venkatesan Srikanth , Gaia Joana , Sharman Raj
Published: June 2017

The innovation and evolution of technologies in smartphone industry has enabled users to efficiently achieve many tasks including utilizing search engines for instant information retrieval anytime and anywhere. Nonetheless, some users choose not to use these smartphone features including search engines to seek information. This study explores the factors that impact the likelihood of information seeking via smartphones. Privacy concern was found to be one of the main factors influencing the likelihood of seeking information. Android users were more likely to seek information compared to iPhone users, possibly due to the differences in the features of the operating systems of these phones. Motivation to seek information captured by technology ownership increases the likelihood of information seeking. The diversity of social network connections also plays a significant in information seeking behavior of the users.
Web 2.0 and Health Information Technology
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: June 2017

This chapter describes the overview of Web 2.0 technologies; Web 2.0 applications in learning and education; Web 2.0 applications in academic libraries; Web 2.0 applications in Knowledge Management (KM); the perspectives of Health Information Technology (health IT); the multifaceted applications of health IT; IT and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM); and the significance of health IT in the health care industry. Web 2.0 is the platform of the network which spans all connected services so that users can utilize them more efficiently. Web 2.0 technologies have various benefits by enhancing the opportunities for business collaboration and by sharing knowledge through online communities of practice toward gaining improved organizational performance. Health IT includes utilizing technology to electronically store, protect, retrieve, and transfer the information in modern health care. Health IT has great potential to improve the quality, safety, and efficiency of health care services in the health care industry.
Cyberbullying
Authors: Wright Michelle
Published: June 2017

Children and adolescents are actively engaged in a digital world in which blogs, social networking sites, watching videos, and instant messaging are a typical part of their daily lives. Their immersion in the digital world has occurred for as long as they remember, with many not knowing a world without our modern technological advances. Although the digital age has brought us many conveniences in our daily lives, there is a darker side to children's and adolescents' involvement with these technologies, such as cyberbullying. This chapter draws on research from around the world, utilizing a variety of research designs, to describe the nature, extent, causes, and consequences associated with children's and adolescents' involvement in cyberbullying. Concluding the chapter is a solutions and recommendation section in which it is argued that cyberbullying is a global concern, affecting all aspects of society, requiring a whole-community approach.
A Psycho-Pedagogical Model for Evaluating Effectiveness of Students' Learning on the Basis of Electronic Visual Rows
Authors: Kostromina Svetlana , Gnedykh Daria , Molodtsova Galina
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this chapter is to propose a model that would enable teachers to assess comprehensively the effectiveness of learners` information acquisition in e-learning environment. The main value of the proposed model is its focus on combination of pedagogical conditions and psychological factors of learning to increase the level of information acquisition. In order to study students` acquisition of learning information in dependence upon the form of presentation as well as identification of learners` psychological characteristics, that help the acquisition of material presented in three visual forms (text, charts, comics) the experiment was carried out. On the grounds of the obtained results, the authors suggest guidelines for application of the model in practice.
An Exploratory Study on the Interaction Beyond Virtual Environments to Improve Listening Ability When Learning English as a Second Language
Authors: Alcaraz-Valencia Pablo A. , Gaytán-Lugo Laura S. , Gallardo Sara C. Hernández
Published: June 2017

In this chapter, an exploratory research on people's interaction with a virtual environment as tool in a way in which listening comprehension occurs while improving English as a second language is addressed. Unlike technologies such as virtual environments, where users have to use hardware in order to get immersed inside of a fictional world, it is through holographic technologies that it is possible to extract virtuality and insert it into reality, and thus, have an approach to the real nature of the virtual world without using electronic devices. Why is it important to focus on the ability of listening to understand when people want to acquire English as a second language? What are the strategies that must be employed to improve this ability? What kind of advantages may users achieve through their interaction with holography? These are some of the questions that will to be answered in this chapter.
Technology Adoption in Online Tutorial
Authors: Rahardjo Djoko , Bintarti Arifah
Published: June 2017

Technology enabled academic delivery in most of the developing countries is plagued with the problems of poor utilization of such apparently so promising mediums. The students' attitudes towards the utilization of such technologies have not been sufficiently investigated in research literature. Focusing on the students experience in adopting technology especially in online tutorial, an online survey was carried out on a sample of 96 respondents analyzing with Structural Equation Model. The result showed that usefulness and ease of use positively correlated to the attitude of students in using the online tutorial. The study of these students' attitudinal behaviors gives rise to a new perspective in the design of ODL systems. The author argues that use of technology to explore customized solutions for the socioeconomically disadvantaged communities need to be a carefully planned process in which prospective target communities should participate as a co-designer.
Growth of Census Towns in Capital Region of India
Authors: Jain Manisha , Knieling Jörg
Published: June 2017

Managing urban growth has become one of the important challenges of the 21st century in the Global South, where agglomerations are being formed by the coalescence of urban and rural areas. The scale and speed of transformation have outstripped the capacity of local governments to provide adequate basic amenities. Using the National Capital Region as a case study, and census data and spatial boundaries, this chapter attempts to understand the process of urbanization underway in India. Results show that the region is currently in the stage of sub-urbanization, and that recent growth has been predominantly in ‘census towns' as informal urbanization. Three main reforms are required to achieve sustainable urbanization: First, integration of infrastructure development into spatial planning at the national level and in lower tiers of planning. Second, empowering local authorities to incentivize urban development in order to fund urban infrastructure. Third, notifying census towns with municipalities, thereby providing for urban infrastructure and controlling unplanned growth.
Managing Urbanisation Through Planned Government Expenditure Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Kyari Adam Konto
Published: June 2017

Over the past 50 years the world has witnessed a very rapid urban growth and projections have shown that by the year 2050 two-third of the world population will be living in urban centres, with Africa's urban population projected to reach 67% from its current 40%. Nigeria, being the most populous country in Africa, is projected to have an urban population of 67%. There are number of challenges that go with urbanisation. This chapter examined the effectiveness of Nigeria's budgetary expenditure in managing Nigeria's urbanisation threats. The chapter found that Nigeria's urbanisation management strategy is more of system maintenance based than system development, and therefore, in spite of the huge expenditure government incurred over the years, the urban challenges Nigeria is facing are still alarming. Accordingly, the chapter concludes by recommending that Nigeria plan its urban expenditure in to ensure that it is sustainable.
The Challenge of Achieving Sustainable Mobility in the Cities of South Asia
Authors: Willoughby Christopher Ronald
Published: June 2017

The world's countries have committed to assure by 2030 reliable mobility to all, even in the largest cities. Review of experience of three fastest-growing cities in South Asian countries underlines reforms that will need to be applied very widely: more private-vehicle restrictions in dense zones, and reservation of some road-lanes for bus use; rapid expansion of metro/bus systems, with service franchises subject to periodic open competition; integration of land-use and transport planning, at street and city level; active collaboration of the planners with developers and builders; activation of competitive building of affordable housing; radical improvement of land market functioning; modernization of traditional building-height restrictions to encourage greater variation, against appropriate payment to the state; increased provision and maintenance of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure and safety; and consideration of tolling use of private vehicles for journeys that would otherwise be undertaken by mass transit.
Determinants of Sustainable Consumption Behaviour
Authors: Joshi Yatish , Rahman Zillur
Published: June 2017

This study reviewed 82 empirical articles on sustainable consumption published during 1997 to 2014. The review explored different factors affecting sustainable consumption decision-making. The factors were categorized as personal, behavioural and socio-cultural. A taxonomic synopsis of the findings is presented in an extensive table. The paper identifies various prevalent motives, facilitators and barriers affecting sustainable consumption decision-making and provides possible explanations for inconsistencies observed in consumers' sustainable consumption behaviour. A conceptual framework is proposed that considers various motives, attitudes and barriers and explains how they are related to sustainable consumption behaviour.
Social Innovation in the For-Profit Organization
Authors: Abbate Tindara , Presenza Angelo , Sheehan Lorn R.
Published: June 2017

Social entrepreneurship and social innovation are attracting increasing attention from policy makers, practitioners, as well as academics. They represent different ways of thinking and addressing social issues often overlooked by public/private organizations and also provide a viable means of responding to multiple social, economic and environmental crises. With this in mind, this chapter leads to a better understanding of social entrepreneurship and social innovation in the non-profit sector, using one specific case followed by a more generalized discussion. The case of “Banca Prossima” illustrates engagement in social problems and trying to find and apply new solutions that simultaneously meet a social need while also leading to new or improved capabilities and relationships and a better use of assets and resources.
BIM Capability Audit of Contracting-Based Organisations
Authors: Hayne Graham , Kumar Bimal
Published: June 2017

The UK government set up a BIM Task Group in 2011 to provide guidance and support to the industry. This paper reports on BIM Capability audits that were undertaken on two contractor-based organisations to assess their level of readiness to implement BIM level 2 and to highlight training and upskilling needs. The audits were undertaken using a detailed set of 80 questions covering technology, workflows, processes and business strategies. Follow up interviews were undertaken to clarify any ambiguities in the responses received. A vertical cross section of each organisation was audited in order to provide a fully representative sample of the companies as the implementation of BIM will have an impact on the whole business model of the firms. The organisations had differing aspirations and timescales for the implementation of BIM and to some extent this was demonstrated by the outcome of the audits. The results were found to be consistent with the findings of another major similar HS2 upskilling study which the authors were also involved in.
Innovation, Organisational Structure, and Culture
Authors: Banerjee Sayan , Srivastava Dinesh
Published: June 2017

Organizations are fundamentally different from the hierarchical, bureaucratic structures that underlie more traditional organizational theory and research. The paper deals with the fact that culture is omnipotent in shaping the structure of the organisation and structure along with culture is intricately related with the way innovation is managed or implemented in any organisation. This paper is basically a extensive review of papers relating to organisational structure, culture and innovation right from the aspect of how culture shapes structure to how innovation is linked and shaped by both organisational structure and culture. Models by different researchers depicting the relationship between the various aspects of structure culture and innovation are discussed for better understanding.
Educational Need vs Copyright Law
Authors: Gupta Pallavi
Published: June 2017

In India, can a research scholar or student or teacher get photocopies from the chapters of original text book of publishers for educational, research or teaching purpose? Whether reproduction of work or distribution of copies for educational purpose is permissible under Copyright Law or it infringes the copyright of publishers or it is “fair use” only? Is copyright a natural or divine right or only statutory, right? Whether use of reproduced copyrighted books is reasonable educational need? This paper objects to answer these questions after analysing the decision of Hon'ble Court given in the case of The Chancellor, Masters & Scholars of the University of Oxford & Ors. V/s Rameshwari Photocopy Services & Another on 16.09.2016 & 09.12.2016) against the international debate and in favour of students or researchers who cannot afford to read costly books published by international publishers.
Face Match for Family Reunification
Authors: Borovikov Eugene , Vajda Szilard , Gill Michael
Published: June 2017

Despite the many advances in face recognition technology, practical face detection and matching for unconstrained images remain challenging. A real-world Face Image Retrieval (FIR) system is described in this paper. It is based on optimally weighted image descriptor ensemble utilized in single-image-per-person (SIPP) approach that works with large unconstrained digital photo collections. The described visual search can be deployed in many applications, e.g. person location in post-disaster scenarios, helping families reunite quicker. It provides efficient means for face detection, matching and annotation, working with images of variable quality, requiring no time-consuming training, yet showing commercial performance levels.
The Implementation of DSSim
Authors: Vargas-Vera Maria
Published: June 2017

This paper presents the decisions taken during the implementation of DSSim (DSSim stands for Similarity based on Dempster-Shafer) our multi-agent ontology mapping system. It describes several types of agents and their roles in the DSSim architecture. These agents are mapping agents which are able to perform either semantic or syntactic similarity. Our architecture is generic as no mappings need to be learned in advance and it could be easily extended by adding new mapping agents in the framework. The new added mapping agents could run different similarity algorithms (either semantic or syntactic). In this way, DSSim could assess which algorithm has a better performance. Additionally, this paper presents the algorithms used in our ontology alignment system DSSim.
Exact and Efficient Heuristic Deployment in WSN under Coverage, Connectivity, and Lifetime Constraints
Authors: Fellah Soumaya , Kaddour Mejdi
Published: June 2017

Wireless sensor networks lay down many challenging optimization problems, such as coverage, node deployment, tracking or energy conservation. In this paper, we are interested in deployment strategies that result in a minimum of sensors network while ensuring target coverage connectivity between the sensors and sink. To this end, we propose two alternative deployment approaches based on integer linear programming and we exploit the linear-programming sequential fixing technique to design three polynomial-time heuristic procedures. The performance and effectiveness of these approaches in terms of network cost and computational requirements are highlighted through several experiments. Furthermore, we investigate the network lifetime problem where a given operational duration must be reached.
Indonesian Mobile Learning Information System Using Social Media Platforms
Authors: Parinsi Mario Tulenan , Ratumbuisang Keith Francis
Published: June 2017

As a developing country, Indonesia continues to improve its quality as a state, in which the attempt to optimize all of its potential both in terms of economic, political, social, cultural, technological, educational, health, etc. This modern era, all aspects of life are depending on technology. This makes the technology becomes one of necessary in people's life. The utilization of technology has been used by all people in all aspects of life. Specifically, this paper tries to offer an innovation that has never been designed before, namely a platform of M-Learning in form of social media related to the development of technology for learning. Nowadays, internet users and smartphone ownership in Indonesia increased dramatically, then writers took initiative to design an innovation related to this case. Social media technologies provide the opportunity for teachers to engage students in online classes, thereby supporting the development of skills and learners to achieve competency. In addition to students, the opportunity is also open to outside the community to get information that can add knowledge. This case study provides a platform for M-Learning based learning that facilitate student learning also helps society size to obtain information more easily. The design of this platform using models UML (Unified Modeling Language) to design a visual model of this platform.
On Solving Multiobjective Transportation Problems with Fuzzy Random Supply and Demand Using Fuzzy Goal Programming
Authors: Biswas Animesh , Modak Nilkanta
Published: June 2017

In this article a fuzzy goal programming model is developed to solve multiobjective unbalanced transportation problems with fuzzy random parameters. In model formulation process the cost coefficients of the objectives are considered as fuzzy numbers and the supplies and demands are considered as fuzzy random variables with known fuzzy probability distribution from the view point of probabilistic as well as possibilistic uncertainties involved with the model. A fuzzy programming model is first constructed by applying chance constrained programming methodology in fuzzy environment. Then, the model is decomposed on the basis of the tolerance ranges of the fuzzy numbers associated with it. The individual optimal solution of each decomposed objectives is found in isolation to construct the membership goals of the objectives. Finally, priority based fuzzy goal programming technique is used to achieve the highest degree of each of the defined membership goals to the extent possible by minimizing the under deviational variables and thereby obtaining optimal allocation of products by using distance function in a cost minimizing decision making environment. An illustrative example is solved and compared with existing technique to explore the potentiality of the proposed methodology.
Orders of Experience
Authors: Rambhajan Aaron
Published: June 2017

Does art tend towards immersion? Positing James Turrell's Roden Crater (2015) as the modern epitome of the landscape art-object, the evolution of the medium is traced through prominent examples its transformations: Titian's Venus and the Organist with Dog (1550), De Loutherbourg's Eidophusikon (1781), and Barker's Panorama (1792). Discussion regarding Roden Crater's predecessors serve to illustrate distinct innovations which greatly influenced its construction of sensory experience, spanning the use of dialogue to the integration of physicality. This chronology is used to demonstrate an overarching tendency of media towards immersion, and to reflect how the development of contemporary culture evolves towards progressively psychological experiences.
O ensino frente às novas tecnologias: alterações do tempo e da experiência docente pelo uso de computadores e da internet
Authors: Martinez Domenica
Published: June 2017

O artigo visa responder como o uso de computadores e da internet, direta e indiretamente, tem afetado o tempo do trabalho docente e de que maneira esses instrumentos têm determinado as experiências dos professores. Como fontes de pesquisa foram utilizados teses de doutorado e dissertações de mestrado, bem como documentos oficiais que remetem a esses conceitos e instrumentos. O instrumento de pesquisa foi elaborado em formato de ficha, utilizando-se de software para coleta e cruzamento de dados; para a apreciação dos resultados foi utilizada análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam para as relações entre tempo e experiência sob distintas convenções culturais que permeiam a escola, consolidando a consciência sob contradições sustentadas pelas potencialidades das novas tecnologias em uma condição de atrofiamento da experiência ao qual o processo formativo e o trabalho do professor tenderiam a ser reduzidos. O método é logrado da teoria crítica, especialmente os conceitos de experiência, assinalado por Adorno e Benjamin, ideologia da racionalidade tecnológica e sociedade industrial, por Marcuse, além de conceitos-chave do materialismo dialético, tais como trabalho alienado, mercadoria e maquinaria, de Marx.
Políticas públicas, gênero e empreendedorismo: uma análise do Programa Nacional Trabalho e Empreendedorismo da Mulher em Pernambuco
Authors: Carvalho Géssika Cecília
Published: June 2017

Este artigo é resultado de um estudo sobre a implementação do Programa Trabalho e Empreendedorismo da Mulher em Pernambuco (PTEM) e seus benefícios para as mulheres que participaram de suas atividades. O programa tinha como objetivo alterar a inter-relação presente nos processos de desenvolvimento local e as questões de gênero, atendendo mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade por renda (participantes ou não dos programas de inclusão social), apresentando oportunidades de alternativas de geração de renda, de inserção no mercado e de organização em associações e cooperativas. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que o PTEM-PE teve seus méritos e trouxe benefícios para as participantes, ainda que não tenham sido os postos como objetivos nos documentos oficiais, pois se referiram mais aos aspectos subjetivos, comportamentais e existenciais. O significado por elas atribuído dos benefícios foi mais perceptível no que se refere às mudanças produzidas nos olhares e opiniões sobre si mesmas e não necessariamente ao seu protagonismo e efetiva participação no desenvolvimento econômico local, inclusive pelo destaque dado por estas mulheres às dificuldades persistentes para criarem ou gerirem um negócio (seja individualmente ou em grupo) e aos obstáculos em garantir a independência financeira em relação aos maridos.
Microempresário informal: determinantes da evasão fiscal na previdência social
Authors: Vasconcelos Kelly Samá Lopes de , Ferreira Monaliza De Oliveira , Besarria Cássio Da Nóbrega
Published: June 2017

As atividades desempenhadas na economia informal dos países em desenvolvimento, na medida em que não oferecem segurança social, não podem ser tidas como única saída ou meio de vida para os trabalhadores mais pobres. Cabendo aos governos desses países empregarem cada vez mais esforços para que os trabalhadores sejam atraídos para a formalidade e, com isso, passem a ter acesso à proteção social. O objetivo desse artigo é verificar quais características contribuíram para que os microempresários informais decidissem não colaborar para a previdência social dentre aqueles elegíveis ao grupo do MEI. Foram utilizados os microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013 e 2014 para estimar regressões logísticas. Os resultados do modelo demonstram que os microempresários do setor de construção civil são os que apresentam as maiores chances de não contribuir com a previdência. Por outro lado, foi constatado que, a partir do ano de 2011 houve aumento das chances de contribuição previdenciária do microempresário pertencente a primeira faixa de rendimento (de até R$ 1.000,00). O aumento da contribuição com a previdência seria resultado da mudança de comportamento dos microempresários de menor renda.
Thermomechanical and Thermal Gradient Mechanical Fatigue Lifetime of Thermal Barrier Coating Systems
Authors: Zhou Zhong Jiao , Li Chang Peng , CHEN Guo-Feng , HUA Xu , Li Yong
Published: June 2017

Detailed damage analyses of an Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 top coat (TC)–MCrAlY bond coat (BC)–superalloy thermal barrier coating (TBC) system during thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) and thermal gradient mechanical fatigue (TGMF) tests had been performed in present work. During tests, the lifetime of TBCs was strongly dependent on the strain ranges, pre-oxidation time and the thermal gradient in TBCs. Cracks were initiated in the TGO layer, propagated along the TC/TGO or TGO/BC interface, forming the delamination cracks. When the delamination cracks connected with the segmentation cracks which were initiated and propagated in TC, the TBCs spalled. The failure mechanism and stress were analyzed, which were significantly helpful to establish the TMF/TGMF lifetime prediction model for the TBCs.
Microstructure and Distribution of Low Content Elements in AlNiCo 9
Authors: Shao Bin , Li Bing Bing , Li Chun Hong , Ma Yi Long , Zheng Qiang , Guo Dong Ling , Chen Deng Ming , Sun Jian Chun
Published: June 2017

The microstructure and the chemistry distribution of AlNiCo 9 samples were characterized by the X-ray diffraction, magnetic force microscope, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope. An interface of a high Al content was formed near the FeCo-rich phases with a size of about 30 nm. S elements mainly combined with Ti to form titanium sulfide bars with the length between 70-150 μm, while S elements was not confirmed in the nanostructured FeCo-rich phase and AlNi-rich phase. Si and Nb preferably existed in the NiAl-rich phase, and a higher content Nb near the Cu precipitate boundary was observed. Moreover, the magnetic domain structure of AlNiCo 9 was also studied.
Experimental Study on Preparation and Operating Conditions over a Promising Monolithic Catalysts for NOx Removal: MnOx/TiO2/Cordierite
Authors: Qi Kai , Xie Jun Lin , Li Feng Xiang , He Feng
Published: June 2017

The samples of MnOx/TiO2 catalysts supported on cordierite honeycomb ceramics were prepared by a sol-gel-impregnation method, and evaluated for low-temperature (353-473 K) selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. The influences of pretreatment on cordierite and catalyst dosage were investigated at first and optimized as follows: pickling for cordierite honeycomb ceramics with 1 mol/L HNO3 for 3 h prior to loading procedure as well as the catalyst dosage of 3-5 wt.%. The activity results indicated that there was an optimum working condition for MnOx/TiO2/cordierite catalysts: NH3/NO molar ratio=1.1, [O2]=3 vol.%, GHSV=5514 h-1, the highest activity of nearly 100% NO conversion could be obtained. As a comparison, the performances of commercialized vanadium-based honeycomb catalyst were also employed, which revealed the narrower scope of application of GHSV and the higher active temperature window. In conclusion, it turns out that the prepared MnOx/TiO2/cordierite catalysts are more applicable as a low-temperature SCR catalyst for NOx removal in a more complicated application environment.
Curing Process and Heat-Resistance of Polyethersulfone Toughened Epoxy Resins
Authors: Zhou Jin Li , Zhu Shu , Jia Wen Pin , Cheng Chao , Hassan Elwathig A.M. , Yu Mu Huo
Published: June 2017

In order to improve the toughness of epoxy resin, hydroxyl-terminated polyethersulfone (PES) with various amounts (0 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%) were added to bisphenol A epoxy resin (DER331)/ curing agent DETDA (E100) systems, and the influence of PES contents on curing process and heat-resistance was studied. Non-isothermal DSC was used to determine the curing process of uncured DER331/E100/PES systems at heating rate of 2°C/min, 5°C/min, 7°C/min, 10°C/min and 15°C/min separately, and the apparent activation energy was calculated based on Kissinger method. The morphology of the etched cured DER331/E100/PES systems with different PES contents was observed by SEM. The heat-resistance of these systems was investigated by DSC and TGA. The results showed that with the increasing of PES content the curing exothermic peak, the heat of curing reaction, the initial and final curing temperature all decreased at the first and then increased, indicating that when the PES content was low (5 wt.%, 10 wt.%), PES can facilitate the curing process, while, when PES content up to 15 wt.%, PES can prevent or weaken the curing reaction. SEM results indicated that the phase structure changed drastically depending on the PES content. The systems with 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% PES were epoxy-rich phase, with 15 wt.% PES was co-continuity phase, and with 20 wt.% PES showed complete phase inversion (PES rich phase). The glass transition temperature and thermo gravimetric analysis demonstrated that the addition of PES can increase the heat resistance of cured DER331/E100/PES systems.
Thermal Aging Effects on Fire Performance of the Cross-Linked Polyethylene Insulated Cable
Authors: Li Jin Mei , Zhang Jia Qing , Li Qiang , Guo Zi Dong
Published: June 2017

To evaluate the fire performance of the cable in service, the ignition time, heat release rate and insulation failure parameters of the accelerated thermal aging cable on stimulated fire condition were studied. The results show that, the extended ignition time and decreasing peak of heat release rate of the cable in the early stage of aging are the addictive including the lubricant, plasticizer and anti-oxygen. In the aggravating of thermal aging, labile materials with low heating value will be exhausted, while the thermal stability of insulation sheath material decreases, its corresponding ignition time will start to shorten and initial peak of heat release rate will start to rise. The insulation failure temperature of the cable is related with the decomposition temperature of insulation materials of the cable by heating. In each aging stage, the decomposition temperatures of insulation materials by heating are all lower than the insulation failure temperature of the cable for about 10°C. The reason for the insulation failure of the cable is that the ambient heat , gives rise to the decomposition by heating of internal insulation materials of the cable through sheath materials finally under the thermal transmission effect.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TC4 Titanium Alloy Subjected to High Static Magnetic Field
Authors: Li Gui Rong , Wang Fang Fang , Wang Hong Ming , Cheng Jiang Feng
Published: June 2017

The TC4 titanium alloy was subjected to high static magnetic field (HSMF) treatment with different magnetic induced intensities (B=0、1T、2T、3T、4T、5T、6T and 7T). The effects of B on the texture, dislocation density, grain size, tensile properties and micro-hardness of TC4 titanium alloy were investigated, and the influence mechanism of magneto-plastic effect on the plastic deformation ability of titanium alloy was also been studied. The results showed that the dislocation density had been increased after the HSME treatment. It reached a maximum when B=2 T, which was enhanced by 1.6 times compared to that of the untreated samples. In the view of quantum scale,the magnetic field promoted the transition of radical pairs from singlet to triplet state, which caused the movement of dislocation, led to the dislocation depinning from the depinning center, and increased the flexibility of dislocation. Subsequently, the inevitability of optimized 2T parameter was further discussed in the dislocation pile-up. Furthermore, the magnetic field not only promoted the orientation preference of crystal plane along the slipping direction, but also had the effect on the grain refinement. Meanwhile the elongation had been increased due to HSMF treatment. The average elongation of TC4 alloy was 13.12% which was enhanced by 31.07% compared to that of the untreated sample which was 10.01%. And, the elongation increased with the increment of magnetic induction intensity B. The HSME treatment could also play a role in hardening alloys. When B=2 T the micro-hardness was 344.88 HV, which was increased by 8.09% compared to that without treatment. The micro-hardness was consistent with the change of the "point" of the dislocation density, which was characterized by dislocation strengthening.
Effects of La and Ce Mixed Rare Earth on Microstructure and Properties of Al-Mg-Si Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Wang Shun Cheng , Zhou Nan , Song Dong Fu , Nong Deng
Published: June 2017

The effects of La and Ce mixed rare earth on the microstructure and properties of Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si alloy were studied by optical microscopy, digital eddy current conductive instrument and tensile testing machine. Results showed that the addition of La and Ce mixed rare earth had a positive effect on the grain refinement of Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si alloy, which is beneficial to improve the electrical conductivity and strength. With increasing the additive amount of La and Ce mixed rare earth, the electrical conductivity, tensile strength and elongation of Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si alloy gradually increased. When the additive amount of La and Ce mixed rare earth increased to 0.5%, the electrical conductivity of Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si alloy was 55.7% IACS, the tensile strength and elongation of Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si alloy were 236 MPa and 16.7%, respectively. The electrical conductivity increased by 5.7%, tensile strength and elongation increased by 11.3% and 15.2% compared with that of Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si alloy without adding the La and Ce mixed rare earth.