bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los infinitos tesoros del Antiguo Perú
Authors: Rostworowski de Diez Canseco María
Published: April 2023

La riqueza en oro y plata del Perú prehispánico fue increíble. Es dificil imaginar las ingentes cantidades de metales preciosos hallados por los buscadores de tesoros desde los primeros tiempos de la Conquista, cuando los españoles se dieron cuenta de los valiosos ajuares con que se enterraba a los difuntos
TAFSIR DAN PEMBAHARUAN PEMIKIRAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA ERA KEMERDEKAAN
Authors: Setiawan Ahmad Bayu
Published: April 2023

The conflict dynamics of revivalist and traditionalist Islamic groups always colorize development of ideological contest of religious live in Indonesia. One of the important episodes of this conflict dynamic occurred in the era of independence. Through this paper, the author is interested in portraying episodes of Islamic Revivalist dynamics in the independence era through the thoughts and works of influential revivalist scholars, namely Ahmad Hassan.  This study aims to reveal the form of mediation of Ahmad Hassan's Islamic renewal in his book of tafsir Al-Furqan. The author uses a descriptive method of analysis with literature study techniques in reviewing the interpretation of Al-Furqan as the main object of research. The results showed that in mediating Ahmad Hassan's Islamic renewal, Kitab tafsir Al-Furqan accommodates and mediates Islamic renewal in two ways, namely formative and substantive ways.  Formative way of mediation is indicated through the form of tafsir Al-Furqan as a literal and meaningful translation of tafsir. Critically, this form of translation aimed to make Al-Furqan accessible for Indonesian people at that time when they haven’t had proper understanding on Arabic literacy so that people could understand and refer to the meaning of the Qur'an directly. This is in line with Ahmad Hassan's renewal though about the Qur'an and hadith as the main sources of muslims. As for the substantive ways of mediation, tafsir Al-Furqan contains and expresses the thoughts of Ahmad Hassan's renewal as a substance in interpreting the verses of the Qur'an.
The Imaginary Universe
Authors: Łukaszyk Szymon
Published: April 2023

Imaginary dimensions in physics require an imaginary set of base Planck units and some negative parameter $c_n$ corresponding to the speed of light in vacuum $c$. The second, negative fine-structure constant $\alpha_2^{-1} \approx -140.178$ is present in Fresnel coefficients for the normal incidence of electromagnetic radiation on monolayer graphene, leading to these imaginary Planck units, and it establishes $c_n \approx -3.06 \times 10^8~\text{[m/s]}$. It follows that electric charges are the same in real and imaginary dimensions. We model neutron stars and white dwarfs, emitting perfect black-body radiation, as objects having energy exceeding their mass-energy equivalence ratios. We define complex energies in terms of real and imaginary Planck units. Their imaginary parts, inaccessible for direct observation, store the excess of these energies. It follows that black holes are fundamentally uncharged, charged micro neutron stars and white dwarfs with masses lower than $5.7275 \times 10^{-10}~[\text{kg}]$ are inaccessible for direct observation, and the radii of white dwarfs' cores are limited to $R_{\text{WD}} < 6.7933~G M_{\text{WD}}/c^2$. It is conjectured that the maximum atomic number $Z=238$. A black-body object is in the equilibrium of complex energies of masses, charges, and photons if its radius $R_\text{eq} \approx 2.7665~G M_{\text{BBO}}/c^2$, which corrects the value of the photon sphere radius $R_{\text{ps}}=3G M/c^2$, by taking into account the value(s) of the fine-structure constant(s), which is otherwise neglected in general relativity. Complex Newton’s law of universal gravitation, based on complex energies, leads to the black-body object's surface gravity and the generalized Hawking radiation temperature, which includes its charge. The proposed model explains the registered (GWOSC) high masses of neutron stars' mergers and the associated fast radio bursts (CHIME) without resorting to any hypothetical types of exotic stellar objects.
A Variational Approach to Resistive General Relativistic Two-Temperature Plasmas
Authors: Comer Gregory , Andersson Nils , Celora Thomas , Hawke Ian
Published: April 2023

We develop an action principle to construct the field equations for dissipative/resistive general relativistic two-temperature plasmas, including a neutrally charged component. The total action is a combination of four pieces: an action for a multi-fluid/plasma system with dissipation/resistivity and entrainment; the Maxwell action for the electromagnetic field; the Coulomb action with a minimal coupling of the four-potential to the charged fluxes; and the Einstein-Hilbert action for gravity (with the metric being minimally coupled to the other action pieces). We use a pull-back formalism from spacetime to abstract matter spaces to build unconstrained variations for the neutral, positively, and negatively charged fluid species and for three associated entropy flows. The full suite of field equations is recast in the so-called ``$3 + 1$'' form (suitable for numerical simulations), where spacetime is broken up into a foliation of spacelike hypersurfaces and a prescribed ``flow-of-time''. A previously constructed phenomenological model for the resistivity is updated to include the modified heat flow and the presence of a neutrally charged species. We impose baryon number and charge conservation as well as the Second Law of Thermodynamics in order to constrain the number of free parameters in the resistivity. Finally, we take the Newtonian limit of the ``$3 + 1$'' form of the field equations which can be compared to existing non-relativistic formulations. Applications include main sequence stars, neutron star interiors, accretion disks, and the early universe.
Hyperchaotic Maps and the Single Neuron Model: A Novel Framework for Chaos-Based Image Encryption
Authors: Alexan Wassim , Chen Yen-Lin , Por Lip Yee , Gabr Mohamed
Published: April 2023

With the explosion of the generation, transmission and sharing of image data over the Internet and other unsecured networks, the need and significance for the development of novel image encryption algorithms is unprecedented. In this research work, we propose a novel framework for image encryption that is based on two hyperchaotic maps, utilized in conjunction with the single neuron model (SNM). The framework entails three successive stages, where in every stage, a substitution box (S-box) is applied, then XORing with an encryption key is carried out. The S-boxes and the encryption keys are generated from the numerical solutions of the hyperchaotic maps and the SNM. The performance of the proposed framework is gauged through a number of metrics, reflecting superior performance and complete asymmetry between the plain images and their encrypted versions. However, the main advantages of this work are: (1) The attained width of the key space; and (2) The achieved efficiency in software implementation. The superior key space of 2^{2551} is the result of employing the two hyperchaotic maps, while the improved efficiency, resulting in an average encryption rate of 8.54 Mbps, is the result of the utilization of the single neuron model, as well as the employment of optimized parallel processing techniques. In addition, the proposed encryption framework is shown to output encrypted images that pass the NIST SP 800 suite.
The Surgical, Histopathological Characteristics, and Survival Outcome of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Case Series Sharing the Experience of a Tertiary Cancer Centre over 10 Years
Authors: EL Tawab Sally , Nistor Sabina , Roux Rene , Manek Sanjiv , Geitskell Kezia , Ahmed Ahmed , Kehoe Sean , Soleymani majd Hooman
Published: April 2023

A retrospective study including 49 women with ovarian clear cell carcinoma between January 2009 and December 2021 at Oxford cancer centre was done. The mean age was 63 years, with 78% post-menopausal. All women underwent cytoreductive surgery with no residual disease (R0) in 39 women. The follow-up time ranged between 12-144 months, with mean of 105.5 months. The 3-year OS was 73.4%, and 3-year PFS was 81.3%, with a mean of 101.7months (95%CI, 84.63-118.93). As expected, women with stage 1 disease had the best outcome. In comparing OS in respect to absence or presence of residual disease, the 3-year OS was 88.6% (95% CI 108.6-141.8), compared to 12.5% (95% CI 4.48-32.11) respectively (P<0.001). In multivariant analysis the variables included were CA 125 (< or >200 IU/ml), Hb (< or >115 g/L), albumin (< or >40 g/L), associated endometriosis, ascites, residual disease, and FIGO staging. FIGO stage was the only independent prognostic indicator of OS with (p<0.05). Surgery to achieve no residual tumour is necessary to improve the prognosis in advanced OCCC. At present, the true challenge is to predict which patients with early-stage disease are at higher risk of recurrence and would most benefit from adjuvant treatments.
Study of Ship Overtaking Boundary in Narrow Waterways
Authors: Liu Yihua , LI Jinsong
Published: April 2023

This paper proposes a data-driven approach to the calculation of ship overtaking boundary conditions in narrow channels based on ship overtaking characteristics by the Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. First, we collect the ship tracking process data in a narrow channel by processing the original AIS data, followed by a normality test and correlation analysis, and finally, the boundary conditions are obtained using a weighted K-means clustering algorithm. to identify the relevant data. We applied the proposed approach to estimate the overtaking boundary conditions of ships in the straight channel section of Shanghai South Passage. The method yields boundary conditions that significantly reduce collision risk when a ship engages in pursuit behavior in narrow waterways, providing a scientific basis for the overtaking of Marine Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) in autonomous navigation within such environments, further promoting the automation level of USVs and autonomous vessels.
Bacillus aryabhattai Mitigates the Effects of Salt and Water Stress on the Agronomic Performance of Maize Under an Agroe-Cological System
Authors: Castelo Sousa Henderson , Gomes de Sousa Geocleber , De Araújo Viana Thales Vinícius , Prudêncio de Araújo Pereira Arthur , Nojosa Lessa Carla Ingryd , Pires de Souza Maria Vanessa , Da Silva Guilherme José Marcelo , Ferreira Goes Geovana , Da Silveira Alves Francisco Gleyson , Primola Gomes Silas , Barbosa da Silva Fred Denilson
Published: April 2023

The use of plant growth-promoting bacteria can be one option for mitigating the impact of abiotic constraints on different cropping systems in the tropical semi-arid region. The aim of this study was to evaluate growth, leaf gas exchange and yield in maize inoculated with Bacillus aryabhattai, and subjected to water and salt stress. The experiment followed a randomised block design, in a split plot arrangement, with six repetitions. The plots comprised two levels of electrical conductivity for the irrigation water (ECw): 0.3 dS m-1 and 3.0 dS m-1; the subplots consisted of three irrigation depths (ID1: 50%, ID2: 75%, and ID3: 100% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc)); while the sub-subplots included the presence or absence of Bacillus aryabhattai inoculant. A water deficit of 50% of the ETc resulted in the principal negative effects on growth, reducing the leaf area and stem diameter. The use of Bacillus aryabhattai mitigated salt stress and promoted better leaf gas exchange by increasing the CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, and internal CO2 concentration. However, irrigation with brackish water (3.0 dS m-1) reduced the instantaneous water use efficiency of the maize. Inoculation partially reduced the effects of abiotic stress due to morpho-physiological traits, and increased yield potential under water deficit with no salt stress.
Contemporary Views on Arguments for God’s Existence in Udayana`s Works
Authors: Anikeeva Elena Nickolayevna
Published: April 2023

Rational demonstration in favor of God`s existence was a fundamental theme in Indian theism — īçvara-vāda (teaching about Īçvara), original theistic metaphysics in classical Indian Philosophy. Traditionally, Nyāya together with Vaiċeşika and Yoga are regarded as the most theistic Indian systems that assert Īçvara — personal Divine Absolute with such attributes as perfect and supreme consciousness, compassion, etc. Udayana (X-XI cc.), an eminent Indian philosopher of the Nyāya school, performed a highly-sophisticated and elaborated defense of God`s existence, especially in his brilliant opus called “Nyāya-kusumāņjali” (NK), where he presented his famous eight proofs in the severe polemics with opponents (nirīçvara-vādins). By the end of XX century, translators and interpreters of NK started the process of actualization of Udayana`s argumentation in detail. Cosmological proofs in NK present Īçvara as Supreme Cause of the universe, its numerical structure and initial impulse. Udayana`s theism resembles metaphysical principles of ancient, medieval philosophy and contemporary Thomism. Besides comparative analysis, this article undertakes the questions of God`s transcendence and immanence, co-relation between reason and belief in Udayana`s works. Lately, scholars have stressed that Udayana has been deprived of sufficient attention though his heritage and original rational arguments for God`s existence can enrich world theism and theology.
Development and Validation of the Cvp-Score: A Cross-Sectional Study in Greece
Authors: Giakoumidakis Konstantinos , Patelarou Athina , Chatziefstratiou Anastasia A. , Zografakis-Sfakianakis Michail , Fotos Nikolaos V. , Patelarou Evridiki
Published: April 2023

Although, central venous pressure (CVP) is among the most frequent estimated hemodynamic parameters in the critically ill setting, extremely little is known on how intensive care unit (ICU) nurses use this index in their decision-making process. The purpose of the study was to develop a new questionnaire for accessing how ICU nurses use CVP measurements to address patients’ he-modynamics investigating its validity and reliability. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 ICU nurses from four ICUs of Greece. Based on a comprehensive literature review and the evaluation of a five-experts panel a new questionnaire, named “CVP-Score”, was created having 8 items. The construct validity and the reliability of the questionnaire were examined. The half of the study participants’ (51.7%) was working at a specialized ICU, and they had a mean [±Standard Deviation (SD)] ICU experience of 13(±7.1) years. The estimated construct validity of the new-developed tool was acceptable, while the internal consistency reliability as measured by Cronbach alpha was excellent (0.901). CVP Score had acceptable test-retest reliability (r=0.996, p<0.001) and split-half reliability (0.855). CVP Score is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring how critical care nurses use CVP measurements in their decision-making process.
On the Flavour States and the Mass States of Neutrinos
Authors: Roza Engel
Published: April 2023

A structure based analysis of the pion’s decay path reveals that neutrinos can show up in three eigenstates. It requires a proper understanding of the nature of charged leptons, such as why the loss of binding energy stops the lepton generation at the tauon level. The analysis quantifies this binding energy in terms of the weak interaction strength as embodied by the weak interaction boson and the strength of the energetic background field as embodied by the Higgs boson. Next to this it is shown that a reconstruction of Fermi’s neutrino theory allows a quantitative assessment of the Fermi constant straightforwardly from the weak interaction strength. The article ends with the conclusion that neutrino oscillation is not a physical phenomenon, but, instead, a measurement interpretation induced from projecting the statistical behaviour of a multi-particle ensemble onto a single particle.
Crystallographic and TEM Features of a TBC/Ti2AlC MAX Phase Interface after 1300°C Burner Rig Oxidation
Authors: Smialek James , Garg Anita , Harder Bryan , Cuy Michael
Published: April 2023

A FIB/STEM interfacial study was performed on a TBC/Ti2AlC MAX phase system, oxidized in an aggressive burner rig test (Mach 0.3 at 1300°C for 500 h). The 7YSZ TBC, a-Al2O3 TGO, and MAXthal 211 Ti2AlC base were variously characterized by TEM/STEM, EDS, SADP, and HRTEM. The YSZ was a mix of ‘clean’ featureless and ‘faulted’ high contrast grains. The latter exhibited ferro-elastic domains of high Y content tetragonal t'' variants. No martensite was observed. The TGO was essentially a duplex a-Al2O3 structure of inner columnar plus outer equiaxed grains. It maintained a perfectly intact, clean interface with the Ti2AlC substrate. The Ti2AlC substrate exhibited no interfacial Al-depletion zone, but rather numerous faults along the basal plane of the hexagonal structure. These are believed to offer a means of depleting Al by forming crystallographic, low-Al planar defects, proposed as Ti2.5AlC1.5. These characterizations support and augment prior optical, SEM, and XRD findings that demonstrated remarkable durability for the YSZ/Ti2AlC MAX phase system in aggressive burner tests.
Sustainable Food Agricultural Land Preservation at Sleman Regency, Indonesia: An Attempt to Preserve Food Security
Authors: Widhiyastuti Alfia Nisa , Adjie Erra Melanie Ariesta , Fauzan Adhia Azhar , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: April 2023

Urban development and increasing population impact improving the demand for non-agricultural land. Through the issuance of Law No. 41 of 2009 concerning the Protection of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land, the government has attempted to reduce the conversion rate of agricultural land by protecting paddy fields that are considered the potential for food supply. This study aims to examine the impact of the transformation of agricultural land to non-agricultural land on food security and the implementation of the of Law No. 41 of 2009. The research method used is survey and descriptive. The focus of discussion includes population growth, land change, land area, harvested area, production and food availability needs data. The data was gathered from field observations, interviews and a literature study. The results showed that the average decrease in paddy fields in the last three years was 98.87 ha. The population density in Sleman Regency is classified as high. In 2018 to 2019 the population density increased by 22.88 people km-2. In 2019 to 2020 the population density decreased by 163.35 people km-2. In 2018 to 2019 rice productivity increased by 625 tons ha-1, although harvested area and production have declined. There is no correlation between the location of paddy fields, population and rice productivity. The food security condition in Sleman Regency is generally stable, but the site of paddy fields that continues to decrease yearly must still be a concern.
Utilization of Local Grass Cynodon dactylon for Football Field Rehabilitation and Minimizing the Incidence of Injuries
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu , Mujiyo Mujiyo , Herdiansyah Ganjar , Herawati Aktavia , Sutarno Sutarno , Yang Geun Mo , Hardian Tiara , Istiqomah Nanda Mei , Irmawati Viviana , Romadhon Muhammad Rizky , Hasanah Khalyfah , Anggita Akas
Published: April 2023

The problems faced are uneven football field surface, uneven grass growth, many pebbles and boulders, stagnant and muddy during the rainy season and fractures in the soil during the dry season which make the field not of a good standard for use and have an impact on the incidence of injuries to field users. This study aims to improve the quality of grass for football field using quality local grass Cynodon dactylon in order to overcome the problem of bad fields and avoid field’s users injury. The method is through field rehabilitation technology by improving the surface design and soil media profile as well as the use of quality local grass. The rehabilitation technology includes improving the surface of the field to improve drainage by designing a “geger sapi” shape. The assessment of the rehabilitation results used a qualitative approach with a questionnaire survey to the local community of field users. The results of field grass rehabilitation make the quality of grass in the field after rehabilitation better growth by 45%, perception grass quality was very good by 43%, the surface of the field is flatter, no gravel and surface rocks are found so the flooded were not found by 83%. Field conditions with better grass quality also reduce the frequency of injuries incidents of player during competition about 61%. Hence, field grass rejuvenation benefits the environment and public health. This great benefit will increase the comfort and closeness between the local community.
Role of the Middleman in Supporting of Oil Palm Smallholders' Community Performance: A Case Study in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Nurjanah Danik , Anggrasari Herdiana
Published: April 2023

Oil palm agribusiness involves many upstream and downstream stakeholders, including the middleman in marketing activities. Traders play a significant role and influence the economy of oil palm farmers in Serdang Bedagai Regency. This research aims to evaluate the part of the middleman in supporting the performance of oil palm smallholders in Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra and the obstacles in marketing fresh fruit bunches (FFB) faced by farmers and the middleman. The samples of this study were 6 middlemen and 40 oil palm farmers. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The method used in the analysis is a qualitative descriptive method, which explains the role of intermediaries in supporting the performance of smallholder oil palm farmers. The results showed that marketing support, capital and quality were the essential roles of the middleman as perceived by the smallholders. Apart from that, in the smallholder palm oil plantation, there are obstacles, namely in terms of price, road access and weight. Meanwhile, the barriers for the middlemen are in terms of price and buying and selling contracts. Policy recommendations for stakeholders include educating smallholder oil palm growers through counseling about access to information, improving access to the main roads in Serdang Bedagai Regency, periodic government monitoring, and drafting a written or legal sale and purchase agreement as not to harm both parties.
Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Workers of Water Refilling Depot
Authors: Hulu Victor Trismanjaya , Manalu Putranto , Siregar Santy Deasy , Singa Aditya Bastanta Guru , Amrulah Addin
Published: April 2023

Complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common in workers with a reasonably heavy workload, such as workers at refill drinking water depots. MSDs can be caused by repetitive activities such as daily bending, lifting and lowering liters of drinking water refills. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of MSDs among workers at refilled drinking water filling depots and analyze the dominant factors that influence MSDs. This study was quantitative research with an analytical survey using a cross-sectional design conducted in Simpang Selayang Village, Medan City, Indonesia. A total of 40 refilled drinking water depot workers were involved in this study with a comprehensive sampling approach. Data was collected directly by distributing questionnaires to workers at refill drinking water filling depots. Data were tested statistically using the Chi-Square test and logistic regression. The analysis showed that work posture, workload, tenure and length of work are associated with MSDs complaints. The results of the logistic regression test showed that the dominant variable influencing MSDs complaints is work posture. Refillable drinking water depot workers with non-ergonomic working postures were likely to experience MSDs complaints 11 times as often as those with ergonomic work postures. The findings highlight the need for local health agencies to educate or empower workers at water refilling stations regarding MSDs complaints. Musculoskeletal disorders associated with work involving heavy loads could be prevented if workers know ergonomic work postures well. In addition, adequate rest is recommended to avoid musculoskeletal injuries.
Formulasi dan Pengujian Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Gel Hand Sanitizer Berbahan Aktif Kitooligosakarida
Authors: Wardhani Diah Ayu , Susilowati Ari , Pangastuti Artini
Published: April 2023

Kitooligosakarida merupakan derivat dari kitosan yang memiliki sifat antimikroba dan dijadikan bahan aktif dalam cairan hand sanitizer. Hand sanitizer bebas alkohol dapat menghindari terjadinya toleransi bakteri terhadap bahan kimia seperti alkohol dan mengurangi efek buruk alkohol bagi kulit. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sediaan hand sanitizer kitooligosakarida dan efektivitasnya dalam membunuh mikroba. Serbuk kitooligosakarida ditambahkan dalam formulasi hand sanitizer dengan variasi berat 1 g (formula 1), 1,5 g (formula 2), dan 2 g (formula 3) menggunakan basis NaCMC, propilenglikol, essens, dan metil paraben. Evaluasi stabilitas fisik hand sanitizer berdasarkan warna, tekstur, aroma, pH, homogenitas, dan daya sebar. Uji daya hambat hand sanitizer diuji melalui metode disc diffusion dilanjutkan dengan perbandingan daya hambat melalui pengukuran diameter zona penghambatan dan uji one-way ANOVA. Uji penurunan angka koloni mikroba dengan metode swabbing dan dilanjutkan perbandingan rerata penurunan koloni mikroba melalui uji T berpasangan. Hasil evaluasi stabilitas fisik hand sanitizer memenuhi kriteria gel yang baik. Hasil uji formula 1 memiliki kriteria angka diameter zona hambat yang lemah pada S. aureus (14,33 cm) dan daya hambat sedang pada E. coli (17,33 cm), Formula 2 memiliki angka diameter zona hambat kuat sebesar 21,33 cm pada S. aureus dan 20,33 cm pada E. coli. Formula 3 menghasilkan zona hambat kuat, yaitu 20,67 cm pada S. aureus dan 22,33 cm pada E. coli. Hasil penurunan angka koloni mikroba sediaan hand sanitizer paling besar yaitu formula 3 sebesar 80,22%. Hand sanitizer kitooligosakarida menunjukkan kemampuan penurunan angka koloni mikroba dan dapat digunakan sebagai formulasi alternatif hand sanitizer.
Positive Psychology to Flourish Professional Well-being: A Qualitative Study of Indonesian English Teachers’ Perspective
Authors: Nadlifah Khumrotun , Setiawan Slamet , Munir Ahmad
Published: April 2023

A qualitative study has been conducted to explore and encourage Indonesian EFL teachers’ professional well-being using positive psychology. It used thematic analysis approach to scrutinize participants’ well-being and their perception of PP toward their teaching practices during the covid 19 outbreak. By having 4 participants, CATI (Computer Assisted-telephone Interview) was administered to do a semi structured interview since the mobilization was still low during the pandemic. The analyses disclosed that the 5 pillar components of PP or known as PERMA, namely, positive and negative emotions, engagement, relationship, meaningfulness, and achievement were found in participants’ responses to flourish their professional well-being. The results highlight that some elements of PERMA such as accomplishments and meaningfulness are not obtained yet since the participants are still in the process of achieving their most significant goals in their teaching career. Nevertheless, the other three elements, namely, positive emotion, engagement and relationship depicted clearly that all of them are stronger predictors in fulfilling their professional well being. Moreover, the distinctive learning environment, years of teaching, institutional policies and participants’ L1 did not show significant differences on how participants nurture their professional well-being. Thus, it is underlined that an EFL teacher’s professional well-being is not only acknowledged as a personal and subjective occurrence, but it is also influenced by collective and social phenomena in the EFL teacher’s teaching environment. Implications and profound understandings were discussed in this study.
Occurrence of longfin goatfish Upeneus supravittatus (Uiblein and Heemstra, 2010) along Chennai coast, south India
Authors: S. Gomathy  , Vivekanandan E. , Sandhya Sukumaran
Published: April 2023

Goatfishes (Family: Mullidae) are commercially important fishery resource along the Chennai coast, south-eastern India.Species-level identification of goatfishes is a challenge, particularly in the ‘vittatus’ group, as there is severe overlapof taxonomic characteristics. In 2010, Uiblein and Heemstra revised the Family Mullidae and reported the occurrenceof Upeneus supravittatus along the Indian coast. They also remarked that U. supravittatus has been misidentified asU. taeniopterus in earlier reports from India. To resolve this and verify the occurrence of U. supravittatus, 15 morphometriccharacteristics and 13 meristic characteristics of goatfish samples collected at Chennai were analysed and compared withthe corresponding data reported by Uiblein and Heemstra for U. taeniopterus and four other ‘vittatus’ group goat fishes. Theanalysis, as well as DNA bar coding and area of distribution of species confirmed the samples as Upeneus supravittatus.The gill raker count on the upper and lower limbs of first gill arch was an important key in identifying the species. Thoughthe number of gill rakers was almost similar for U. supravittatus, U. vittatus and U. taeniopterus, the size and position ofthe gill rakers confirmed that the collected samples were all U. supravittatus. The study also indicates the possibility thatU. supravittatus has been hitherto wrongly reported as U. taeniopterus. A detailed taxonomic study on the Family Mullidaeneeds to be undertaken along the Indian coast using morphometric and meristic characteristics and DNA barcoding toresolve these taxonomic issues.
Keywords: DNA barcoding, Gill rakers, Species identification, ‘vittatus’ group
Estimation of repeatability and phenotypic correlation of reproductive traits in zebrafish Danio rerio
Authors: M. Anjusha  , S. Prakash  , A. Kathirvelpandian  , M. Sakthivel  , N. Kalaiselvi  , E. Suresh
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to estimate the repeatability and phenotypic correlation of reproductive traits of zebrafish Danio rerio, in captive condition. Breeding trials were conducted on 10 breeding pairs (2 male:1 female). The data on fecundity, fertility, hatchability and survival rate were recorded. The repeatability values were computed as a measure of consistency using the intra-class correlation coefficient. The repeatability estimates for fecundity, fertility, hatchability of total eggs, hatchability of fertilised eggs, survival rate of total eggs and survival rate of larvae were 0.701, 0.406, 0.336, 0.049, 0.295 and 0.314, respectively. Most of the reproductive traits analysed had moderate repeatability values barring the hatchability of fertilised eggs. The phenotypic correlation was calculated using the Pearson correlation method. The phenotypic correlations of fertility with hatchability of fertilised eggs; hatchability of total eggs; survival rate of total eggs and survival rate of larvae were highly significant (p≤0.01). This study provided valuable information on the consistency of reproductive parameters which would serve as model for conducting research in other fish species.
Keywords: Genetic parameters, Phenotypic correlation, Repeatability, Reproductive traits, Zebrafish
Amino acid and fatty acid compositions of various stages of Chanos chanos larvae: Implications for larval feed formulation
Authors: Sivaramakrishnan T , J Syama Dayal , K Ambasankar , N Felix , K.P. Sandeep , Bera Aritra , K.P. Kumaraguru Vasagam , G Thiyagarajan , M Kailasam
Published: April 2023

Amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) composition of the fertilised eggs and different larval stages (at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and21 days post-hatch, dph) of Chanos chanos was investigated. The total indispensable amino acids (IAA) contributed to55.62% of the total AA in the egg which reduced to 52.54% on 6 dph. The AA profile of C. chanos was found to be rich invaline (7.99%), leucine (7.51%) and lysine (6.98%) and poor in histidine (2.36%) and methionine (2.47%), indicating a highvaline, leucine and lysine requirement. The docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content recorded for egg, newly hatched larvae(NHL) and 21 dph larvae were 2.77, 1.36 and 1.94 mg g-1, respectively. The reduction of fatty acids (FAs) was found to bevery high in newly hatched larvae (NHL), especially that of DHA (51%), ARA (26%) and EPA (24%), which indicates thesignificance of these FAs during the embryogenesis of milkfish egg. The trend observed during different stages of AAs andFAs content indicates their requirement during the larval period and those values are to be considered while formulatingfeeds for larval stages of milkfish.
Keywords: Embryogenesis, Larval feed, Milkfish larvae, Nutrient requirement
Stimulating Electricity Consumption in Outsider Regions is a Necessary Condition for the Structural Stability of Russia
Authors: Nekrasov S. A.
Published: April 2023

Currently, there is a worldwide increase in electricity per capita consumption (EPC). However, this trend is due to the growth of electricity consumption in developing countries, while in developed countries there is a process of its stabilization and even reduction. Thus, it can be said that there is a decrease in the differentiation in specific electricity consumption between developed and developing countries. In Russia, in 1990–2012 there was an increase in regional divergence in this indicator. As a result, the difference in the specific power capacity between the leading regions and outsider ones reached a 20-fold value. In the regions of the south of Russia, the EPC is lower than in a number of developing countries. But if the latter are on the road of increasing the EPC and, as a result, increasing labor productivity, then in the Russian outsider regions there is a decrease in it. Low specific power capacity is one of the reasons for the insufficient level of labor productivity. A pattern of increasing profitability of goods, works, and services sold has been revealed as the specific consumption of electricity increases in Russian regions of low electric specific power capacity and decreases in Russian regions of the high one. It is shown that the negative trend of differentiation of power consumption in the regions of Russia changed in 2013–2018 to convergence. It is substantiated that in the outsider regions, the limiting factor in the growth of electricity consumption is not the lack of energy capacity, but the insufficient development of the electricity consumption sector. Therefore, in order to ensure the structural stability of the Russian economy, efforts should be focused on stimulating non-household electricity consumption by developing the processing industries of the economy, creating industrial and agricultural enterprises in regions with low electric power. Therefore, in order to ensure the structural stability of the Russian economy, efforts should be focused on stimulating non-household electricity consumption by developing the processing industries of the economy, creating industrial and agricultural enterprises in regions of low electric specific power capacity.
Investigation of Upgraded Technology for Plasma Spraying of Bronze Powder Using the Combined Process with Hydrocarbon Additions
Authors: Devoino O. G. , Gorbunov A. V. , Wang Chenchong , Volod’ko A. S. , Polyakov A. N. , Gorbunova V. A. , Seniut V. T. , Kovaleva S. A. , Koval V. A.
Published: April 2023

The object of the research is thermal spray process for the formation of metal coating from bronze powder in plasma-fuel variant, using direct current (DC) electric arc plasma torch, on steel samples. The aim of the work was to investigate and develop the technology for plasma-fuel spraying of functional coatings (for wear-resistant and antimicrobial applications) on machine-building and medical purpose pieces with increased process capacity and moderate energy consumptions in a comparison with conventional thermal spray technologies with use of inert and oxygen-free gas media. During the study, using experimental and thermodynamic estimation methods, the thermal and chemical parameters of the process under the spraying conditions at ambient pressure were characterized, which made it possible to determine the area of preferred regimes of the developed technology. On the modernized testing unit for plasma spraying of metal powders with power of up to 40 kW, operating using a controlled combination of three types of gases – technical nitrogen and propane-butane (LPG) with compressed air, the measurement and optimization of the operating and constructive/assembling parameters of the system for aluminum bronze coating spraying were established. In this case, the experiments were carried out using the designed fuel intensifier, which is joined with the PP-25 arc plasma torch, as well as additional technological equipment (protective shroud). For samples of the resulting coatings with a thickness of 100 to 450 mm from the bronze material, testing of phase composition and some parameters of the resulting coatings on steel products was carried out. Operating capacity of the proposed process reaches 7–15 kg/h for bronze powder when using a moderate power of the torch – up to 35–40 kW and a limited flow rate of hydrocarbon gas (for example, LPG of the SPBT grade) – 0.1–0.35 kg/h. Analysis of the energy efficiency parameters of the developed technology, as well as its calculated technical characteristics, in a comparison with plasma and combined equipment of a similar purpose, showed that it has an advantage in terms of target indicators, in particular, in terms of energy consumption and total energy efficiency of the spraying unit, not less than 20–30 %. This makes it to proceed later to the stage of application of this technology into production based on a new process for the metal coating formation, in particular with antimicrobial properties, with improved energy efficiency of the process.
Current State and Prospects for Development of Head Lighting for Vehicles. Part 2. Advanced Designs for Vehicle Headlights
Authors: Sernov S. P. , Balokhonov D. V. , Konicheva L. M.
Published: April 2023

As it has been shown in part 1 of this paper, modern head lighting, due to  objective design flaws, does not always meet the requirements of existing international  standards, which means a decrease in road safety. To eliminate the previously Multibeam type.  These types of headlights  are currently either undergoing the stage of production tests or are used in extremely limited batches of vehicles in terms of the number of produced units. According with the results of this analysis, recommendations have been formulated for the design of advanced head lighting. The main of these recommendations is the use of single high-power LEDs with total internal reflection reflectors, which will provide a sharp cut-off border with efficient use of the source light flux. To increase the resistance of the headlight to temperature rise, it is proposed to use LEDs or other economical light sources together with phosphor parts. It is shown that adaptability is a useful but optional property of vehicle headlights, since it leads to complicate the design, and this is not always justified. The advantages of the headlight, created taking into account the above recommendations, are described, the main of which are the simplification of its design, reduction in weight and improvement of the thermal parameters of the product.
Predictive and Simultaneous Weighting of Criteria and Alternatives (PSWCA) in Multi-Criteria Decision Making Based on Past Data
Authors: Pazhouhandeh Arash , samouei Parvaneh
Published: April 2023

The emergence of sophisticated technologies and economic competition in recent decades has led to the increasing importance of decision-making about the future of organizations. Deciding in the future based on past knowledge may not guarantee the best choice, but it can guide decision-makers in the right direction. In this study, we present an innovative technique for ranking alternatives and weighting criteria simultaneously based on past data. In this method, it is possible for the reference weight to be affected by other weighting methods, and more accurate weights are assigned to the criteria. All records are considered to evaluate alternatives regarding criteria. Subsequently, the scatter and the starting point of changes are characterized. Finally, the nonlinear mathematical model determines the reference weight coefficients (i.e. the weight with the least difference from the coefficient values) and the final score of the alternatives. Finally, the efficiency of the PSWCA method is obtained on four real-world samples, and the results are compared with other methods.
Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Gene Profile of Non Typhoidal Salmonella Isolates from Poultry Enteritis in Semi-arid Region of India
Authors: Sain Arpita , Sharma Deepak Kumar , Singathia Rajesh , Gaurav Abhishek , Patidar Chaman , Suthar PrabuRam , Rathore Karishma , Juneja Rohit
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: The present study has determined the serological diversity, virulence gene and antibiotic resistance gene profile, and in-vitro antibiogram of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) from poultry enteritis in semiarid area of Rajasthan, India
Methods: Organized poultry farms, from six districts of semiarid regions of Rajasthan were tested for presence of Salmonella serovars. Thirty Salmonella enterica strains, were screened for the presence of 15 virulence genes by PCR. Further, resistance to eight antibiotics was tested phenotypically by Kirby–Bauer method and genotypically by PCR.
Results: NTS were isolated from 78.17%( N= 178/151) samples. These were serologically belonged to . S. Typhimurium (51 strains), S. Weltevreden (90 strains) and untypable (10 strains). Out of these, Thirty Salmonella strains (S. Weltevreden, ten strains, Salmonella Typhimurium ten strains and two untypable strains) were subjected to virulence gene profiling and phenotypic tests. Eleven virulence genes i.e. invA, hilA, sivH, tolC, agfA, lpfA, spaN, pagC, spiA, iroN and fliC genes were present in all the 30 isolates. While, sopE was present in only 2 isolates but spvC, cdtB and sefA were not detected in any of the isolates. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed multidrug resistance in 70% (N=21/30) of the Salmonella isolates. All twenty-one multidrug resistant Salmonella stains were tested for presence of antimicrobial resistant genes i.e. blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), sul1, sul2, sul3. blaTEM and tet(A) which were present in 95% (20/21) isolates and sul2 gene was present in all isolates.
Conclusion: NTS strains with characteristics of pathogenicity and multidrug resistance from poultry enteritis were detected. These virulent salmonella strains may be responsible for causing poultry enteritis. These NTS strains have zoonotic implications and multidrug resistance showed necessity of prudent use of antibiotics in poultry industry.
Study of Internal Exposure Biomarkers of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Yan Pan , Kong Lingfei , Qin Tuo , Luo Zhonggeng , Zhang Xiaona , Tie Cai
Published: April 2023

Due to the high exposure toxicity and individual variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), it is difficult to accurately characterize the actual exposure of exposed individuals through external exposure detection. In this study, the monohydroxyl metabolites of naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene and 9-fluorenone were identified in the urine of low-dose PAH-exposed individuals based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS), and their concentrations were monitored for 15 consecutive days after exposure. The results showed that the metabolite concentrations of naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene were basically the same, and all of them reached the maximum value at day 8. In contrast, the metabolite of 9-fluorenone reached its maximum value on day 2. This study showed that the four metabolites were strongly correlated with their parent PAH exposure, with a wide detection window, and their assays were specific, sensitive, and reliable, while the sampling difficulty was low, so the four hydroxylated PAHs may be potential low-dose biomarkers of PAH internal exposure. This study will provide methodological and data support for further health risk studies involving internal exposure to organic pollutants such as PAHs.
Two-way fluid-structure interaction for longitudinal vibration of a loaded elastic rod within a multiphase fluid flow
Authors: Tarmigh Mehrnoosh , Behbahani-Nejad Morteza , Hajidavalloo Ebrahim
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a novel approach for simulating the interaction of long elastic rod strings and the corresponding fluid flow around in sucker rod pump systems. The governing equations of transient multiphase fluid flow are coupled with those of the rod string deformation to improve the numerical analysis of sucker rod pump behavior. For the first time, transient water-oil-gas multiphase fluid flow containing dissolved gas is related to the rod cyclic loads by the proposed numerical simulation. The mathematical model derived incorporates the dynamics of the rod string and the multiphase fluid flow. Downhole loading of the rod is applied based on the transient pressures of the moving gas-liquid flow in the annular space and the barrel under the plunger, considering different modes of pump operation. A two-way algorithm for fluid and solid zones is developed to enhance the performance of the current simulation and reduce the complexity of solving process. Several test cases have been analyzed using the proposed simulation method. The obtained results show good agreement when they are compared and validated with the available numerical and experimental results.
Investigation of Organic and Inorganic Substances Pollutions of the Marmara Sea Sediments Between Gemlik (Bursa) - Bandirma (Balikesir) Regions and the Effect of Marine Pollution on Foraminifera
Authors: Yümün Zeki Ünal , Önce-Nişancioğlu Melike
Published: April 2023

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between organic and inorganic substances in the recently observed pollution in the Sea of Marmara. The heavy metal analysis results of the sediments taken from the sea were interpreted by quality assessment methods [Enrichment Factor (EF), Contamination Factor (Cf), Pollution Loading Index (PLI), Geological Accumulation Index (I-geo), Ecological Risk Index (Er) and Pollution Index (PI)]. In almost all of the assessment methods, we determined that some locations are heavily polluted and some locations are moderately polluted. Polluted spots are the sea areas adjacent to the Gemlik and Bandırma locations and the areas where wastewater is discharged into the sea. In the current period, the primary sources of pollution in the Sea of Marmara are domestic and industrial wastewater discharged directly or indirectly into the sea. Secondary sources are ship traffic and agricultural activities. In addition, we observed that the main causes of eutrophication and mucilage, which are observed frequently in the Marmara Sea, are organic matter and heavy metal pollution.