bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zmiana poziomu efektywności amerykańskiego rynku akcji – od kryzysu finansowego 2007-2009 do pandemii COVID-19
Authors:   Wydział Ekonomiczny, Uniwersytet Gdański, Kołatka Marek
Published: September 2021

Purpose – Verification of the change in the efficiency of the US stock market from the 2007-2009 financial crisis to the COVID-19 pandemic. Research method – The BDS test (occurrence of non-linear relationships between daily logarithmic rates of return) and the Quenouille autocorrelation test up to the fifth order (occurrence of linear relationships between daily logarithmic rates of return) for the S&P500 and DJIA indices were used. Results – The occurrence of unusual phenomena changes the level of US stock market effectiveness. An increase in inefficiency was observed both during the 2007-2009 financial crisis and now, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher-level relationships between rates of return were found during the COVID-19 pandemic. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – A comparison of the impact of two recent global events on the level of efficiency of the US stock market. Additionally, the article indicates which of the two key US stock indices provided more frequent investment opportunities.
Wpływ czwartej rewolucji przemysłowej na innowacyjność usług
Authors:   Wydział Ekonomiczno-Socjologiczny, Uniwersytet Łódzki, Wodnicka Monika
Published: September 2021

Purpose – The article is devoted to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and services innovation. It presents the essence of Industry 4.0, attempts to identify phenomena occurring in the area of services resulting from the spread of new technologies, as well as compares services and production with reference to innovation. Also, some practical examples of the areas of implementation of the new technologies in services are given. Research method – The research method was the analysis of literature and a case study – forms and areas of application in practice as well as author’s own observation of the changes taking place on the service market in the context of the new technologies. Results – Currently, the service sector and its innovative potential are determined by new technologies, which increasingly, directly and indirectly affect the provided services and service processes, thus implying their constant evolution. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Assuming that the development of new 4.0 technologies will continue, there is a need to intensify the interdisciplinary research on the problem of service innovation in the light of the rapid generation of new solutions and the blurring of the boundary between the product and the service.
Prawo moratoryjne państwa polskiego w okresie kryzysu gospodarczego lat 30. XX wieku
Authors:   Wydział Prawa i Administracji, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Jastrzębski Robert Zygmunt
Published: September 2021

Purpose – The article aims at characterising Polish moratory laws during the Great Depression. The article is centred around the legislation on public and private law liabilities. The author pays particular attention to the structure of the Polish economy and to Poland’s deflationary policy that determined the Polish legislation of that time. Research method – The author reviewed the literature on the subject and analysed legal regulations. Results – The author indicates that – given the structure of the Polish economy – moratory legislation concerned the farming industry in particular. It was mainly of an anti-enforcement nature and consisted in reducing the interest rate and spreading the debt repayment over several years (particularly as regards private law liabilities). Originality / value / implications / recommendations – The purpose and functions of moratory laws were, and still are, of particular importance to the economy, especially at the time of economic crisis. This is exemplified by the moratory legislation of the Polish State that adopted and pursued the deflationary policy.
Simulation of stress and strain analysis on a delimbing knife with replaceable cutting edge
Authors: Melicherčík Ján , Krilek Jozef , Harvánek Pavol
Published: September 2021

This study focused on stress and strain analysis of the cutting force of a branch knife with a replaceable cutting edge. The replaceable edge forms part of the delimbing head, which is applied to the arms of a mechanical harvester working in forestry. Basic parameters of the knife and head of the harvester with the basic calculations necessary to determine the number of knives based on input parameters, such as wood diameter, woody plants, and determination of the cutting force acting on the cutting knife, were examined. Based on the cutting force and the design of the special cutting knife, a stress analysis and a finite element method (FEM) was performed. This study confirmed the correctness of the selected material to produce the delimbing knife, which was designed using a replaceable cutting edge. The output of the stress analysis is reported.
Methane yield predictive model based on the composition of biomass: Focus on the anaerobic digestion mode and regression method
Authors: Zhao Shengxue , Wang Ming , Zhou Donglin , Pan Siqi
Published: September 2021

Nine kinds of biomass were used to investigate the correlation of organic composition with the methane yield in continuous anaerobic digestion (AD) mode with different organic loading rates (OLRs). The experimental results showed that the methane yields were different with the change of OLR; thus, only one model was unable to satisfy the prediction accuracy for all the operation conditions. A stepwise regression model and two self-defined models were used to determine the prediction accuracy for different operation OLRs in the present assay. The results showed that the self-defined models constituted by biodegradable components (protein, fat, and readily degradable sugars) obtained a higher determination coefficient (R2) than the model fitted by the traditional stepwise regression method. Biomass with a higher content of easily degradable matter had a lower predictive deviation. Based on this, it is recommended that the various biomasses be divided into two groups to obtain better model fitting and prediction accuracy. The biomass with a content of readily degradable section that was more than 47% or the content of lignin was less than 8% can be classified into one group, and the others can be classified into another group according to the present test results.
Impact of embossing on liquid absorption of toilet tissue papers
Authors: Costa Vieira Joana , de Oliveira Mendes António , Carta Ana Margarida , Galli Enrico , Torrão Fiadeiro Paulo , Costa Ana Paula
Published: September 2021

Absorption capacity is a key feature of toilet tissue papers. Several parameters can affect their final absorption capacities, such as pulp composition, stock preparation, number of sheets, additives, bulk, grammage, and converting process parameters, such as the embossing operation. In this work, the absorption capacities of four different 2-ply industrial toilet tissue papers, as well as the respective base papers from the mother-reel was compared using the immersion method according to ISO 12625-8 (2010). Previously, these samples were characterized in terms of morphology, grammage, thickness, and bulk. It was concluded that the embossing operation noticeably increased the thickness and bulk of toilet tissue paper. Furthermore, it was also verified that among the various toilet tissue paper samples there was not a noticeable variation in the time of water absorption because the samples revealed similar morphology and porosity. However, it was found that the bulk increased more than 150%, resulting in an increase of water absorption capacity over 60%.
Life cycle carbon footprint analysis of pulp and paper grades in the United States using production-line-based data and integration
Authors: Tomberlin Kristen E. , Venditti Richard , Yao Yuan
Published: September 2021

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission levels are causing concern as climate change risks are growing, emphasizing the importance of GHG research for better understanding of emission sources. Previous studies on GHG emissions for the pulp and paper industry have ranged in scope from global to regional to site-specific. This study addresses the present knowledge gap of how GHG emissions vary among paper grades in the US. A cradle-to-gate life cycle carbon analysis for 252 mills in the US was performed by integrating large datasets at the production line level. The results indicated that one metric ton of paper product created a production weighted average of 942 kg of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2eq) of GHG emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions varied by pulp and paper grade, from 608 kg CO2eq per metric ton of product to 1978 kg CO2eq per metric ton of product. Overall, fuels were the greatest contributor to the GHG emissions and should be the focus of emission reduction strategies across pulp and paper grades.
Chemical composition as factor affecting the mechanical properties of thermally modified black poplar (Populus nigra L.)
Authors: Kozakiewicz Paweł , Drożdżek Michał , Laskowska Agnieszka , Grześkiewicz Marek , Bytner Olga , Radomski Andrzej , Mróz Agnieszka , Betlej Izabela , Zawadzki Janusz
Published: September 2021

Black poplar (Populus nigra L.) was thermally modified in superheated steam at 160 °C, 190 °C, and 220 °C for 2 h. The research identified correlations between the chemical composition and selected mechanical properties of thermally modified wood. The higher treatment temperatures significantly lowered the modulus of rupture (MOR) and the Brinell hardness (BH). These correlations were particularly apparent at higher temperatures (190 °C and 220 °C) when thermally modified wood experienced stronger hemicelluloses degradation, which was indicated by an increase in the content of non-structural substances. The wood properties including compressive strength parallel to the grain (CS), modulus of elasticity during bending (MOE), and compressing (MCS) were affected less by the chemical changes caused by the thermal processing of wood. Moreover, the level of wood moisture content also affected these changes.
Socialistinis mąstymo būdas
Authors: Kis Sandor
Published: September 2021

Straipsnyje analizuojamas socialistinis mąstymo būdas kaip žmogiškosios sąmonės faktorius, pagrįstas mokslinio komunizmo teorija ir apibrėžiantis adekvačią prieigą šiuolaikinės epochos problemoms nagrinėti. Išskiriami specifiniai šio mąstymo būdo bruožai. Teigiama, kad darbininkų klasės politinių poreikių prioritetas socialistinėje sąmonėje realizuojamas nuvainikuojant buržuazinio mąstymo būdo teisinį centrizmą. Mąstymo būdas, paremtas moksline visuomenės raidos teorija, perėjimo iš kapitalizmo į komunizmą laikotarpiu orientuojasi visų pirma į politiką. Socialistinis mąstymo būdas savo vertinimų bei sprendimų sistemoje kelia į pirmą vietą darbininkų klasės politinės valdžios poreikį dėl to, kad tik turėdama politinę valdžią, ši klasė gali įgyvendinti savo politinius ir ekonominius tikslus. Socialistiniame mąstymo ir elgimosi būde politinis centrizmas būdingas ne tik kolektyvinei, bet ir individualinio pobūdžio veiklai. Kolektyvizmas, kaip komunistinis elgesio ir mąstymo principas, grindžiamas išplėtotų visuomeninių santykių sistema. Tai ne buržuazinio individualizmo priešprieša, bet jo įveikimas, aukštesnė elgesio pakopa, išsivysčiusio individo atributas.
Pažiūra į socializmą A. Maceinos ir P. Jako darbuose
Authors: Pruskus Valdas
Published: September 2021

Straipsnyje marksistinės metodologijos pagrindu vertinamos lietuvių buržuazinių katalikybės modernistų A. Maceinos ir P. Jako pažiūros į socializmo mokslinę teoriją ir praktiką. Kritikuojamos jų pastangos socializme į pirmą vietą iškelti ne socialinius-ekonominius santykius, bet pasaulėžiūrinius ir psichologinius momentus, kuriuos jie mėgino paversti socialinį teisingumą lemiančiais veiksniais. Socialinio teisingumo principų įgyvendinimą jie siejo ne su nuosavybės formos pakeitimu, bet su asmenybės dvasiniu tobulėjimu, religinio nusiteikimo ugdymu, stengėsi išsiaiškinti socializmo nesutaikomumo su religija priežastis. A. Maceina teigė, kad klasinis antagonizmas turi ne tik ekonomines, bet ir psichologines priežastis. Jis pernelyg išplėtė ir pervertino buržuazinio egoizmo poveikį darbininkijai. Jie nesuprato visuomenės socialinio-ekonominio vystymosi dėsningumų, jiems suteikė religinę prasmę. Nors A. Maceina ir P. Jakas, kaip ir Vakarų Europos katalikybės modernistai, kategoriškai neneigė socializmo, polemizavo su juo, tačiau tai atliko labiau iš istorinės realybės baimės nei iš simpatijų socializmui. Iškraipytai vaizduodami socializmą jie gynė kapitalistinę santvarką.
Estetikos formalizavimo tendencijos
Authors: Gaižutis Algirdas
Published: September 2021

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos estetikos formalizavimo tendencijos, aiškinamas jos santykis su filosofija ir tiksliaisiais mokslais, keliamas estetikos savarankiškumo klausimas. Teigiama, kad estetika istoriškai formavosi kaip konceptualinė sistema, pagrįsta filosofija, šios metodai ilgą laiką liko ir estetikos metodais. Estetikos ir aksiologinės problematikos ryšys priklauso nuo bendrųjų filosofinių pozicijų. Šiuolaikinėje estetikoje intensyviai panaudojami tiksliųjų ir humanitarinių mokslų metodai. Estetikos ir tiksliųjų mokslų sąveika labai naudinga estetikos mokslo kalbai, jos terminų, kategorijų sugriežtinimui. Išsiskiria estetikos teorijos lygmuo, kuris gali būti formalizuojamas, aprašomas kitų mokslų kalbomis tiksliau, vienareikšmiškiau negu operuojant tradicinėmis bendromis filosofinėmis kategorijomis. Kiekybinių metodų taikymo ribos priklauso nuo metodų universalumo laipsnio ir jų galėjimo išreikšti tiriamojo objekto savitumą. Atsiranda daugiau galimybių patikrinti estetikos korektiškumą, jos teiginių ir išvadų teisingumą.
Some aspects of extrapolation based on interpolation polynomials
Authors: Turbal Yuriy , Bomba Andriy , Turbal Mariana , Alkaleg Hsen Drivi Abd
Published: September 2021

The problem of extrapolation on the basis of interpolation polynomials is considered in the paper. A simple computational procedure is proposed to find the predicted value for a polynomial of any degree under conditions of a uniform grid. An algorithm for determining the best polynomial for extrapolation is proposed. To construction of integral transformation for operator of equation of convective diffusion under mixed boundary conditions.
Modeling and analysis of the states of objects and subjects of monitoring by means of secure sensor networks and IoT networks with a supercomputer
Authors: Shevchuk Bohdan
Published: September 2021

The paper proposes an information technology for evidence-based monitoring of the states of remote and mobile objects and subjects. The proposed method for the effective implementation of long-term monitoring of a large number of objects based on modeling information states of objects by means of aperture or zone control of changes in selected indicators and calculated signal characteristics. Taking into account the minimization of computations with performance-limited processor facilities of the object systems of secure wireless monitoring networks at the places of introduction of monitoring signals, it is proposed to form logical and statistical information models of the behavior of objects that correspond to the current functional and operating states of objects of long-term monitoring. To identify the most informative signals and characteristics of the states of objects, it is proposed to calculate and analyze the relative and normalized indicators and characteristics of signals. Information technology is focused on long-term monitoring of objects and subjects in various spheres of human activity.
First record of Bengal Tiger, Panthera tigris tigris Linnaeus, 1758 (Felidae), in eastern Nepal
Authors: Bista Damber , Lama Sonam Tashi , Shrestha Janam , Rumba Yam Bahadur , Weerman Janno , Thapa Madhuri , Acharya Haribhadra , Sherpa Ang Phuri , Hudson Nicholas J. , Baxter Greg S. , Murray Peter John
Published: September 2021

We report the first record of a Bengal Tiger, Panthera tigris tigris, in eastern Nepal in 2020 based on photographic evidence. We documented this evidence at 3,165 m a.s.l., which makes it the highest elevation record of a tiger in Nepal. We recorded this evidence in one of 46 trail cameras deployed for monitoring Red Pandas in the Panchthar-Ilam-Taplejung (PIT) area. The PIT area, which has non-protected status, borders India in the east. Our finding supports the importance of transboundary conservation, which will benefit local and flagship wildlife in the PIT area.
Tipulodes annae Przybyłowicz, 2003 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), citizen science and its rediscovery in the wild.
Authors: Alzate Cano Julian , Hurtado Pimienta Edwin Alejandro
Published: September 2021

We report here the rediscovery of Tipulodes annae Przybyłowicz, 2003 (Erebidae, Arctiinae), which was originally collected in 1924 and has been unseen and not collected in 84 years, until 2008. We also report this species’ first record in Panama and additional localities in Colombia using citizen science platforms. This data is useful information for the conservation of this small moth, and it highlights the importance and utility of citizen science platforms in biodiversity research.
Onde está o ensino nas disciplinas de Teoria da História ensinadas no Brasil?
Authors: Cavalcanti Erinaldo Vicente
Published: September 2021

Este artigo analisa as temáticas estudadas nas disciplinas de Teoria da História, ensinadas nos cursos de licenciatura em História das universidades federais do Brasil, para entender se o ensino de História se insere ou não entre as reflexões presentes nas disciplinas. Para tanto, utilizo as ementas de 49 componentes curriculares como opção metodológica para analisar o lugar ocupado pelo ensino de História como tema de interesse no debate promovido pelas disciplinas de Teoria da História e, dessa forma, entender quais temáticas são priorizadas e abordadas. As pesquisas sinalizam que as reflexões sobre Teoria da História nos cursos de licenciaturas têm ignorado o debate sobre o ensino de sua própria área.
Unruly Memory and Historical Order
Authors: Guillaume Lancereau
Published: September 2021

This paper explores the complex history of “undisciplined histories” by looking at the tension between political engagement and scientific detachment in revolutionary scholarship, a field perpetually torn between historicist methods and presentist purposes. From the controversies surrounding the 1889 Jubilee to the patriotic uses of history during the Great War, the historiography of the French Revolution continuously challenged the principles and methods of history as an academic discipline. This period’s omnipresence in nineteenth-century “memory wars” delayed its academization, which became effective only in the aftermath of the Centenary when newly implemented university chairs, scholarly journals, and historical societies established the history of the French Revolution as a central research topic. However, the advent of the First World War challenged the historians’ impartiality and detachment as they committed to defend their homeland in their historical writings while striving to preserve their intellectual autonomy.
perfil da história disciplinar
Authors: Machado Daiane
Published: September 2021

Este artigo analisa como o arquivo pessoal da historiadora francesa Adeline Daumard molda um perfil da disciplina História. Entrando nas tensões sexuadas constitutivas do campo disciplinar, percorremos com ela alguns elementos do trabalho cotidiano de uma historiadora e sublinhamos, a partir de suas experiências, a complexidade do fato de ser uma mulher no meio acadêmico francês. Recortando e agrupando culturas pessoais de arquivamento, também destacamos o encontro com o Brasil, onde Adeline é acolhida por uma rede intelectual feminina que dialoga com sua forma de fazer história e impulsiona sua carreira. Mobilizando o gênero enquanto lente de percepção, caminhamos pelo Fonds Daumard, depositado no Archives Nationales francês, sexualizando seu corpus a fim de observar como papéis sociais se exibem nesse espaço e significam relações de poder que deslegitimam carreiras acadêmicas femininas.
Por uma história malcomportada
Authors: Araldi Vaz Rafael , Diaz de Vivar y Soler Rodrigo
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo analisa as principais contribuições de Michel Foucault para a formulação de uma outra história possível. A despeito do título provocativo, seu objetivo é mapear aspectos centrais na historiografia de Michel Foucault os quais colocam em tensão os projetos de uma historiografia ainda pensada em termos de uma ciência do homem no tempo e fidelizada epistemologicamente ao humanismo iluminista. Passamos, assim, por alguns conceitos e categorias centrais em Foucault que rearticulam a proposta de uma arqueogenealogia histórica. Dividimos nossa exposição em dois movimentos de análise: 1. Articulações entre história, sujeito e verdade no interior do método arqueogenealógico; 2. As relações entre acontecimento, documento e arquivo como efeitos da estratégia arqueogenealógica do sujeito. Ao longo do texto, analisamos o processo de reconversão dos conceitos de história, sujeito histórico, verdade, acontecimento e documento/arquivo como efeitos de uma estratégia metodológica em franca oposição ao sujeito da razão ocidental.
A simple protocol for tuberculin skin test reading certification
Authors: Gloria Lara de Lima , Bastos Mayara Lisboa , Santos Júnior Bráulio dos , Trajman Anete
Published: September 2021

Although tuberculosis preventive therapy is one of the cornerstones for eliminating the disease, many barriers exist in the cascade of care for latent tuberculosis infection, including the need to certify healthcare professionals for reading tuberculin skin tests (TST). This paper proposes and evaluates a simple protocol for TST reading training. Primary care workers from different backgrounds received a 2-hour theoretical course, followed by a practical course on bleb reading. Blebs were obtained by injecting saline into sausages and then in volunteers. A certified trainer then evaluated the effectiveness of this protocol by analyzing the trainees’ ability to read TST induration in clinical routine, blinded to each other’s readings. Interobserver agreement was analyzed using the Bland-Altman test. The trainees’ reading accuracy was calculated using two cut-off points - 5 and 10mm - and the effect of the number of readings was analyzed using a linear mixed model. Eleven healthcare workers read 53 saline blebs and 88 TST indurations, with high agreement for TST reading (0.07mm average bias). Sensitivity was 100% (94.6; 100.0) at 5mm cut-off and 87.3% (75.5; 94.7) at 10mm cut-off. The regression model found no effect of the number of readings [coefficient: -0.007 (-0.055; 0.040)]. A simple training protocol for reading TST with saline blebs simulations in sausages and volunteers was sufficient to achieve accurate TST induration readings, with no effect observed for the number of readings. Training with saline blebs injected into voluntary individuals is safer and easier than the traditional method.
Avaliação da implantação da resposta à emergência de saúde pública de microcefalia no Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Aguiar Lucilene Rafael , Frias Paulo Germano de , Quinino Louisiana Regadas de Macedo , Miranda-Filho Democrito de Barros
Published: September 2021

Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o grau de implantação da resposta à emergência da microcefalia associada ao vírus Zika em Pernambuco, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo avaliativo normativo realizado no epicentro inicial da emergência em saúde pública internacional, ocorrida entre outubro de 2015 e julho de 2017. Elaborou-se um modelo lógico da intervenção sob análise, contendo os componentes Gestão, Vigilância e Assistência em suas dimensões de estrutura, processo e resultado, a partir de publicações técnicas e normativas institucionais, além de uma matriz de indicadores correspondente para julgamento. Coletaram-se dados a partir da aplicação de questionário, observação direta e consulta a documentos oficiais. Os resultados mostraram implantação parcial (74,9%) da resposta à emergência de microcefalia pela Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, com a dimensão processo atingindo 75% do esperado, e a estrutura, 74,5%. A Vigilância foi o único componente avaliado como implantado (81%), ainda que com carência de investimentos regionais e laboratorial, e a Gestão (74,2%) e a Assistência (68,8%), parcialmente implantadas, com insuficiências nos quesitos referentes a recursos humanos e estrutura física, planejamento e avaliação. Conclui-se que o grau de implantação da resposta à emergência em saúde pública internacional de microcefalia associada ao vírus Zika foi avaliado como implantação parcial, com diferentes níveis entre os componentes da intervenção, sobressaindo-se a Vigilância em comparação à Gestão e Assistência. As inconformidades sinalizam a necessidade de investimentos para o enfrentamento de futuras emergências em saúde pública, com vistas a intervenções mais oportunas e adequadas.
Simulation of the time-dependent behaviour of a test embankment on soft soil
Authors: González Renata A. , Mánica Miguel A. , Ovando-Shelley Efraín
Published: September 2021

The now-abandoned project for a new international airport for Mexico City was located at a site on the former Texcoco Lake, where extremely difficult subsoil conditions prevail. The behaviour of one of the trial embankments built to test foundation solutions for the runways is analysed in this paper. Observational data were gathered over 50 months at the so-called reference embankment, where no special foundation or soil improvement techniques were adopted. The performance of this embankment was investigated through finite-element simulations in which an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model was implemented in commercial software. The model incorporates key features such as time dependence, long-term deformation and an anisotropic flow surface. The results provide an assessment of the constitutive description adopted as well as the role of anisotropy in the simulation of the case study.
Programa escolar en educación secundaria con menores infractores
Authors: López-Roca Nuria , Fernández-Hawrylak María , Soldevila-Pérez Jesús , Muntaner-Guasp Joan
Published: September 2021

La educación junto con la familia son pilares fundamentales en los procesos de intervención de quienes han cometido delitos y por ello han salido prematuramente del sistema educativo ordinario. En este artículo se pretende describir el programa educativo que lleva a cabo un equipo del Instituto de Enseñanza Secundaria de Palma de Mallorca (España), el cual, por medio de una labor continuada de dotación de herramientas educativas, sociales y emocionales, busca la reincorporación al contexto escolar y social de referencia, de menores/jóvenes infractores que tienen que cumplir medidas judiciales de internamiento firme o cautelar. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, observacional y descriptivo. La satisfacción de los menores y de los padres con el programa, pone de manifiesto el éxito educativo de este alumnado, tanto desde el punto de vista de la escolarización como de la promoción, siendo los menores y sus familias quienes al finalizar el proceso valoran positivamente esta propuesta. Se concluye que la educación debe abandonar los condicionantes asistenciales, terapéuticos y compensatorios que la sitúan en la perspectiva del fracaso personal, yabrirse a propuestas que contengan una visión relativa del éxito educativo adecuada a cada uno de los alumnos para empoderarles hacia posturas de autoestima y empatía hacia su propio proceso formativo. El término éxito debe ser interpretado desde una perspectiva global y no unido al concepto de rendimiento académico.
Collaborative Learning with Mind Mapping in the Development of Social Skills of Children
Authors: POLAT Özgül , SEZER Türker , ATIŞ AKYOL Nevra
Published: September 2021

During the social process of the preschool period, the aim is to enable children to gain social skills which will help them to adapt to the classroom, and prepare them for their social life. Benefiting from cooperative teaching methods in the development of social skills supports children's interactions with each other. The carrying out of group work with new and different approaches, which incorporate collaboration in the activities, is significant for the development of the social skills and peer interactions of children. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of collaborative learning with group mind mapping about social skills-related themes on the social skills performance of 60-72-month-old preschoolers. The Social Skills Assessment Scale was used as the data gathering tool in the research. A total of 35 children were included in the study as follows: 18 children in the working group and 17 children in the control group. Children carried out 5 large group mind mapping activities and 19 small group mind mapping activities by creating one mind map each week. In the study, it was concluded that mind mapping activities related to social skills have an effect on the development of the social skills of preschoolers.
eDNA extraction: phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol DNA purification from filters stored in Longmire buffer v1
Authors: Wells Abigail , Park Linda
Published: September 2021

This is an organic DNA extraction method for filters preserved in 2 ml of Longmire buffer that uses a phase lock to allow easy decanting of the aqueous layer instead of pipetting.
The Synthesis of an Adaptive Filter for Automatic Detection and Time Localization of Premotor EEG Patterns of the Human Brain
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation, Shcherban O. G. , Lazurenko D. M. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation, Shcherban I. V. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation, Kirilenko N. E. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

An adaptive low-pass filter has been synthesized for automatic patterns detection of arbitrary mental movements in records of multidimensional electroencephalograms (EEG). The filter is based on the multivariate singular spectrum analysis. The effective bandwidth of the filter corresponds to the spectrum of the sought patterns of mental activity on the observed EEG time interval. The use of the synthesized filter provided a reliable automatic search for patterns and the correct determination of their time boundaries. The correctness of the results has been confirmed in experiments with 24 volunteers.
EXPERIENCE OF INTRODUCTION OF ELECTRONIC VOTING IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Chernyshev D.O. , Khlaponin Y.I. , Vyshniakov V.M.
Published: September 2021

An important problem on the way to the development of e-democracy is to ensure citizens' confidence in electronic voting systems. Although there are many cases of implementation of such systems, in all cases, voters must take it on faith that the personnel serving the system will honestly and accurately perform the work. In other words, none of these systems provide voters with sufficient and understandable evidence that the secret of their votes cannot be revealed and the results of the vote count cannot be falsified. It is known that the systems in which citizens perform audits of all those procedures where fraudulent manifestations are possible, enjoy the indisputable trust of voters. Now such systems exist, but they do not use electronic voting. The purpose of this work is to prove and practical confirmation of the possibility of building a system of secret electronic voting on the public Internet with means available to voters for auditing all those processes that may cause distrust during voting. The principles of constructing e-voting systems are analyzed from the point of view of the possibility of ensuring the trust of citizens through complete openness for auditing selected software and hardware solutions. It was with the use of such solutions that the system was built, which was implemented at the Kiev National University of Construction and Architecture for the election of student representatives to the Student Self-Government Council. Also, this system is used to conduct secret voting at meetings of the Academic Council of the University online. An important practical result of this implementation is the elimination of cumbersome manual counting procedures. In the case of the meeting that took place on October 16, 2020, where the number of ballots was 53, although 53 out of 85 members of the Academic Council took part in the vote (six voted with paper ballots), the relief was tangible, because there were 2,491 fewer ballots in the ballot box. In addition, computerized counting is instant and error-free, and the presence of automated auditing eliminates the possibility for any software tampering or unauthorized personnel interference with the server. The main advantage, of course, is that conditions are created to protect against the spread of a viral infection and there is no need to stop the activities of the Scientific Councils during quarantine.
JUSTIFICATION OPTIMAL PARAMETERS OF REGULATED MAINTENANCE STRATEGY
Authors: Lienkov S.V. , Tolok I.V. , Banzak G.V. , Koltsov R.Yu. , Lenkov E.S. , Dobrovolskaya S.V.
Published: September 2021

A characteristic feature of complex technical objects for special purposes is the presence in their composition of a large number (tens, hundreds of thousands) of different types component parts that have different levels of reliability, different patterns of their wear and tear processes. This feature requires a more subtle approach to the organization and planning maintenance in the course of their operation.

The problem is that in the development of such facilities, all issues related to maintainability and maintenance should be addressed already at the early stages of facility design. If you do not provide in advance the necessary hardware and software for the built-in monitoring of the technical condition (TC) of the facility, do not develop and “build” the maintenance technology into facility, then it will not be possible to realize in the future a possible gain in the reliability of the facility due to maintenance. Since all these issues must be resolved at the stage of object creation (when object does not yet exist), mathematical models of the maintenance process are needed, with the help of which it would be possible to calculate the possible gain in the level of reliability facility due to maintenance, estimate the cost costs required for this. Then, based on such calculations, make a decision on the need for maintenance given type of objects and, if such a decision is made, develop the structure of the maintenance system, choose the most acceptable maintenance strategy, and determine its optimal parameters.

The paper shows that the model for the regulated maintenance strategy is an improved version of the already known models and is introduced into the complex model for the purpose of comparative assessment of various maintenance strategies. In addition, it should be borne in mind that in practice, some cases, a regulated maintenance strategy may be preferable to MCC strategies.
New Weldable Steel for Rebars
Authors: Klusek Stanisław , Sędek Piotr , Kubik Kamil
Published: September 2021

A new steel grade, developed at the CELSA steelworks in Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski and used in the production of rebars, contributes greatly to the development of industrial and civil engineering. Steel B600B is characterised by yield point fyk = 600 MPa and immediate tensile strength ftk = 700 MPa. Tests revealed that the steel satisfies all requirements of related standards, both in terms of strength and processing properties. The mechanical properties of the new steel grade are higher by 20% than those of currently produced steels characterised by the highest mechanical properties (characteristic yield point Re= 500 MPa). As a result, the application of the new steel provides notable technical and economic advantages. The new steel grade meets requirements concerning technical class C in accordance with PN-EN 1992-1-1, which indicates that the steel has a significant yield point margin (being an important advantage in terms of limit state design). Plastic steels are easier to weld and less susceptible to welding crack formation. Technological (research-related) tests revealed the favourable welding properties of the new steel. Welding tests were performed using the manual metal arc welding method, i.e. the most common welding process used when making structural reinforcements. The welding tests involved the making of butt, overlap and cruciform joints. The strength and technological tests revealed that the steel satisfied the requirements specified in the PN-EN ISO 17660-1 standard.
KENTSEL NİTELİKLİ ANAEROBİK ÇÜRÜTÜLMÜŞ ÇAMURDAN KİREÇ İLE FOSFOR GERİ KAZANIMINDA pH ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: SEÇKİN İsmail Yiğit , ALTINER Mahmut , YILMAZ Turan
Published: September 2021

Atıksu arıtma tesislerinden kaynaklanan arıtma çamurları, bertarafı ve yönetim maliyetleri bakımından tüm dünyada önemli bir sorun haline gelen atıklardır. Evsel atıksu arıtma tesislerinde, anaerobik stabilizasyon sonrası ortaya çıkan arıtma çamurları bu atıklar içerisinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Son yıllarda arazide ve tarımda direk olarak kullanımı birçok ülkede kısıtlanan bu çamurlar için yeni bertaraf yöntemleri araştırılmaktadır. Kaynağı giderek tükenen fosfor elementinin arıtma çamurlarından geri kazanımı da son yıllarda önem verilen araştırma konularından bir tanesidir. Bu çalışmada anaerobik olarak stabilize edilmiş evsel atıksu çamuru, asidifikasyona tabi tutularak, sıvı fazdaki çözünmüş fosfor konsantrasyonu arttırılmıştır. Asidifikasyon ön işlemine tabi tutulan çamur santrifüj edilerek katı faz uzaklaştırılmıştır. Fosfor geri kazanımı için elde edilen sıvı faz 5 basamaktan oluşan ardışık kesikli reaktöre beslenerek, her basamakta farklı pH derecelerinde kireç ile çöktürme işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. pH 5, 6, 7, 8 ve 10 değerlerinde ayrı ayrı çalışan seri bağlı ardışık 5 reaktörde elde edilen çökeltilerin içeriği, reaktörlerde giderilen orto-fosfat (o-P), Zn, Fe, Al, Cr, Ca ve Mg konsantrasyonları açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Maksimum o-P geri kazanım verimi ve elde edilen fosfor içerikli üründe safsızlık oluşturan metal içeriğinin minimize edilmesi açısından optimum değer pH 6 olarak belirlenmiştir.
AROMATERAPİ ÖZELLİKLERE SAHİP TEKSTİL YÜZEYLERİ VE YIKAMA PERFORMANSLARI
Authors: ÇOŞKUN Hatice , TAYYAR Ayşe Ebru , TETİK Gamze
Published: September 2021

Aromatik bitkiler insanların hastalıklarını önleme, ruh halini iyileştirme ve sağlıklı bir şekilde hayatlarına devam etmelerini sağlama amaçları ile kullanılmaktadır. İnsanların doğal ürünlere yönelmesi ile birlikte aromatik bitkilere olan ilgi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Günümüzde bu bitkiler ilaç ve gıda sektöründe, kozmetik sanayisinde, temizlik ürünleri ve parfüm üretiminde kullanılmaktadır. Aromatik bitkilerin aroma özeliklerinin popülerlik kazandığı alanlardan biri de tekstildir. Aromatik bitkilerden çeşitli yöntemlerle elde edilen aromatik uçucu yağların insanlar üzerinde uyku getirici, zihin rahatlatıcı, kas gevşetici, dinç hissettirici ve ferahlatıcı gibi güçlü etkileri vardır. Aromatik uçucu yağların tekstil yüzeylerine aplikasyonu ile bu etkilere sahip fonksiyonel ve nitelikli ürünler elde edilebilmektedir. Aromatik kokuların bir ürüne entegrasyonu için öncelikle kokuların uçucu özelliğinin kontrol altına alınabilmesi gerekmektedir. Bunun için en yaygın ve etkin yöntem mikrokapsülasyon tekniğidir. Çünkü mikrokapsülasyon teknolojisi ile uçucu bileşenlerin mikrokapsül duvar malzemesi ile korunması esasına bağlı olarak kontrollü aktif salımı uzun süre sağlanmakta ve diğer aplikasyon yöntemlerine göre tekstil yüzeylerinde kokuların daha kalıcı olması başarılmaktadır. Bu derleme makalede mikrokapsülasyon teknolojisinin kullanımına, aromatik uçucu bileşenler ile işlenmiş tekstil yüzeylerinin elde edilme yöntemlerine ve bu tekstil yüzeylerinin tekrarlı yıkamalar sonucunda yüzeylerdeki kokuların kalıcılığına ve dayanımına yönelik literatürün özetine değinilmektedir.
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTIES OF PALU SHALLOT (Allium ascalonicum L VAR. Aggregatum)
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Kampus Bumi Tadulako, 94118, Palu, Indonesia, Zubair Muhammad Sulaiman , Widodo Agustinus ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Kampus Bumi Tadulako, 94118, Palu, Indonesia, Fatmasari Mira ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Kampus Bumi Tadulako, 94118, Palu, Indonesia, De’e Febriana ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Kampus Bumi Tadulako, 94118, Palu, Indonesia, Nugrahani Arsa Wahyu ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Kampus Bumi Tadulako, 94118, Palu, Indonesia
Published: September 2021

Shallot is one of the typical plants at Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, famous by local people as fried Shallot. It is used as a cooking spice and traditional medicine for treating various diseases. This study was carried out to assess the phytochemical constituent including total phenolics, total flavonoids, and quercetin content of the Palu shallot (Allium ascalonicum L var. aggregatum), and to determine the antifungal and antioxidant properties of this plant ethanolic extract. Total phenolics/ flavonoids and quercetin concentration were determined by spectrophotometry UV-Vis and Reverse Phase - High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) methods. Antifungal activity and antioxidant capacity of the ethanolic extract was assayed by using diffusion agar and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. Results of the study revealed that the total flavonoids content of the ethanolic extract was 0.3634 ± 0.018 mg QE/100 mg while total phenolics content was 0.4834 ± 0.003 mg GAE/100 mg. Meanwhile, the quercetin content was 65.46±0.0002 mg/kg. Further, ethanolic extract of Palu shallot also showed the radical scavenging activity with IC50 of 0.1398 mg/mL and growth inhibition on Candida albicans with inhibitory zone diameter range from 7.57 to 16.51 mm. This study confirms the high quality of Palu shallot as it has high total flavonoids, represented by the high quercetin concentration, and it is proposed to be a source for an antioxidant and antifungal medicinal herb.
STUDY OF ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY OF Boehmeria virgata (FORST) GUILL LEAF EXTRACT IN WISTAR RATS
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Manggau Marianti , Intan Endang Kusuma ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, . Maghfirah ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Nurdin Wira Bahari ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Cangara Husni ,   Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Dong-Seok Kim ,   Medicine College, Chung-Ang University, South Korea
Published: September 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity of the standardized Boehmeria virgata leaf extract (BLVE) in Wistar rats. B. virgata is a traditional herb utilized by the people of Makassar, Indonesia to cure inflammation and cancer. In the current study, thirty (30) Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (3 groups of males and 3 groups of females) for acute treatments. Similarly, for investigating sub-acute treatment forty (40) Wistar rats were split into 8 groups (4 groups of males and 4 groups of females). For acute toxicity treatment, selected rats received 2000 mg and 5000 mg/kg of BVLE by oral administration for 14 days while for the estimation of sub-acute toxicity, experimental rats were treated with 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg BVLE for 28 days. After 14 days of treatment, the rats were monitored for any form of changes in behavior, weight, food, water intake, and histopathology. The treated animals underwent hematological, biochemical, histopathological, and organ weight analysis after 28 days. Results of the study revealed no significant differences in body and organ weight, intake of food, and water after acute BVLE treatment in rats compared with those in the control group. The histopathological study suggested a general hydropic degeneration of the liver after acute treatment with 5000 mg/kg; such degeneration did not occur in the kidneys and kidney glomerulus of BVLE treated rats. Further, no significant toxicity was shown in hematological, biochemical, organ weight, and histopathological data in the sub-acute BVLE group after comparing treated rats with the control group. Results of the study can be concluded that BVLE is not toxic at doses of up to 1000 mg/kg. Therefore B. virgate fulfilled a preclinical criterion that is necessary for its further establishment as a clinically useful extract.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF FOREST MANGGOSTEEN (Garcinia hombroniana Pierre) FRACTION USING DPPH AND ABTS METHOD
Authors:   Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia, . Ismail , . Mufidah ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia, Mamada Sukamto S. ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia, . Amrianto ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia, Evary Yayu Mulsiani ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia, Raihan Muhammad ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Tamalanrea, Makassar, Indonesia
Published: September 2021

This study was carried out to determine the active antioxidant fraction of Garcinia hombroniana bark extract by the DPPH and ABTS method. Along with this, the study also attempts to identify the class of compounds present in the various extract of G. hombroniana by the active fraction. The bark extract of G. hombroniana was prepared by the multilevel maceration method by using three solvents including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol. Results of study suggested that n-hexane (HSE), ethyl acetate (EASE) and ethanol 96% extract (ESE) have antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 423 ± 16.72 μg/mL, 284.89 ± 2.7μg/mL, and 10.49 ± 0.19 μg/mL in DPPH assay, while these extracts showed IC50 value of 560.92 ± 48.86 μg/mL, 430.18 ± 16.65 μg/mL, and 13.92 ± 0.57 μg/mL respectively in ABTS assay. Further, fractionated using vacuum column chromatography revealed the presence of five fractions viz., A, B, C, D, and E. Among these, fractions D showed the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 4.83 ± 0.18 μg/mL and 6.82 ± 0.31 μg/mL in DPPH and ABTS assays. Results of the fractioned analysis and qualitative determination showed that the active fraction of G. hombroniana contained flavonoid, triterpenoid, alkaloid, and saponin compounds, and antioxidant activities of these extracts might be due to the presence of these active ingredients.