bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In silico Prediction of Bacteriocin Gene within the Genus of Lactobacillus
Authors: Asarina Shinta , Sariasih Santi , Kulsum Yuni
Published: August 2022

Lactobacillus is a genus that contains a high number of GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) species. Many bacteria strains among those species are of most importance in food microbiology and human nutrition due to their contribution in food fermentation as well as their probiotic role. Lactobacillus genus has long been associated with bacteriocin production and considered as promising antimicrobial agent. Nevertheless, Lactobacillus as a source of bacteriocins has not been fully explored. This study investigates this genus’s potential as a source of novel bacteriocins through the use of in silico screening software BAGEL4, which scans publicly available genomes for potential bacteriocin gene. The association of bacteriocin gene presence with phylogenetic position within the genus was examined. A number of candidates from multiple bacteriocin classes were also identified.
Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Sebagai Pewarna Alami Kain Tenun Buna Di Desa Fafinesu Kecamatan Insana Fafinesu, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara
Authors: G. Naisumu Yolanda , J. Bria Emilia , Noviana  , Obenu M.
Published: August 2022

This study aims to verify the color-producing plants, the part of the plants used, the colors produced and processing plants into natural dyes by local people in Fafinesu village. This research was conducted from May to July 2021 in Fafinesu Village, Insana Fafinesu District, North Central Timor Regency. Data collection techniques were carried out using the triangulation method, namely a combion of interviews, observations and documentation. The interview process was conducted in a semi-structured manner with informants (weaving craftsmen). The data and information collected were in the form of plant species used as natural dyes for buna woven fabrics. The part of the plants used and the colors produced. For data on plants that were not yet known, they are matched with herbarium specimens in the biology laboratory of the University of Timor. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that there were eight species of plants from six families that were used as natural dyes for buna woven fabrics in the village of Fafinesu including Curcuma longa L., Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Poir., Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq., Tectona grandis L. f., Indigofera tinctoria L., Terminalia catappa L., Mangifera indica L., and Musa acuminata Colla. The plant used to produce natural dyes for buna woven fabrics in Fafinesu Village consist of rhizomis producing yellow color, leaf producing green, purple, blue and blackish gray, bark producing red and brown colors. The method of processing plants become natural dyes for buna woven fabrics carried out in a simple and traditional way by boiling at a temperature of approximately 98-100 °C.
Fungi Dekomposer Penghasil Enzim Ekstraseluler Lakase, Mangan Peroksidase, dan Lignin Peroksidase dari Kawasan Kebun Raya Bogor: Isolasi, Seleksi, Identifikasi dan Kajian Aktivitas Enzimnya
Authors: Ruhimat Riki , Djajakirana Gunawan , Antonius Sarjiya
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to obtain the candidate isolates of superior decomposer from several plant block areas in the Bogor Botanic Gardens (KRB). Those candidates were expected to be able to utilize in the fermentation process of solid organic waste. The superior decomposer fungi candidates were selected based on their abilities to produce extracellular enzymes (laccase - Lac, manganese peroxidase - MnP, and lignin peroxidase - LiP) using 0.05% guaiacol as a substrate. The highest abundance of decomposer population was found in the block 4 with 9.9 x 106 CFU ml-1, and the lowest in block 6 with 1.9 x 106 CFU ml-1 density. Three superior decomposer isolates were obtained, namely KRB 3.1 (from block area 3), KRB 4.6 (from block area 4), KRB 6.7 isolate (from block area 7). The KRB 6.7 isolate has the highest Lac and MnP enzyme activities, as the following 24.10 U ml-1 and 186.3 U ml-1, while KRB 3.1 isolate from block area 3 has the highest LiP activity with the value 598.57 U ml-1. According to the molecular analysis, those candidate isolates of superior decomposers were identified as Coriolopsis hainanensis (KRB 3.1 isolate), Polyporus thailandensis (KRB 4.6 isolate), and Cerrena aurantiopora (KRB 6.7 isolate). Those are potentially used as the decomposers in solid organic waste fermentation.
Identifikasi Perubahan Fenotip pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Putih Lokal Eban (Allium sativum L.) yang diberi Perlakuan Kolkisin
Authors: Wilhelmina Bani Polikarpia , Getrudis Naisumu Yolanda , Frengky Hanas Dicky , Buik Nahak Agustina
Published: August 2022

Cholchisine is achemical mutagen that has been used to enhanced the quality of local garlic eban plant (Allium sativum L.). The method used in this research is an experimental method, namely colchicine treatment of garlic cloves. The colchicine treatments were used 5%, 10%, and 20%. The phenotypic characters observed were the percentage of shoot, shoot height, root length, number of growing cloves, plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, tuber wet weight, tuber dry weight tuber diameter and number of cloves. The results showed that there were phenotypic changes in the parameters (control, cholchisine 5 %,cholchisine 10 %, cholchisine 20 % respectively) namely plant height39.92 cm, 46.76 cm, 43.81 cm, 36.02 cm, number of leafs 6.8 leafs, 7.16 leafs,6.16 leafs, 6.4leafs, stem diameter 0.1 cm, 0.13 cm,0.1 cm, 0.1 cm, tuber wet weight1.97g,3.22 g, 2.19 g, 1.32 g, tuber dry weight1.74 g,2.63 g, 2.03 g, 1.09 g, tuber diameter1cm,1.4 cm, 1.2 cm, 0.94 cm, number of cloves2.4 cloves, 5.16 cloves, 3 cloves, 1 cloves/single, and root length at harvest4.04 cm,7.65 cm, 5.16 cm, 5.1 cm. The appropriate concentration of colchicine for phenotypic changes and increased yield of garlic was 5%. The conclusion of this study is the growth and yield of local Eban garlic showed good phenotype and yield at low concentrations of colchicine.
Kajian Populasi Kodok Sawah (Fejervarya cancrivora) di Persawahan Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat: Hasil Survei Tahun 2016 dan 2018
Authors: Kurniati Hellen , Tri Laksono Wahyu
Published: August 2022

Karawang Regency was the largest producer of frog meat for Fejervarya cancrivora or Paddy Field Frog in West Java. To determine the population dynamics of Paddy Field Frog in the wild, two surveys were carried out in Karawang Timur. First survey was conducted on May 16-27th, 2016 and second survey on March 16-29th, 2018. Sampling was carried out using transect method with a total transect length was 3000 meters in similar sites. The first survey divided the paddy fields into dry and wet sites. However, during second survey, the paddy fields are mostly wet with average paddy crop height of 30 cm. The results of interviews with frog hunters were not much done in the March 2018 survey, because all the frog hunters interviewed in May 2016 were no longer hunting frogs. The impact of the reduction in hunting of the Paddy Field Frog in the Karawang area can be seen from the results of the population survey in March 2018; increasing on the density of adult individuals in the area of 5m2 in most transect areas when compared with the May 2016 survey.
Keberhasilan Identifikasi Sampel Darah Kering yang Dipaparkan pada Beragam Jenis Substrat Kayu dengan Kondisi Lingkungan Berbeda Selama Kurun Waktu Tertentu
Authors: Elma Eldiana Ft. Dea , Christian Cahyaningrum Desti , Nurcahyo Bowo
Published: August 2022

Most of the criminal cases leave traces at the TKP (Tempat Kejadian Perkara) which can be used as evidence to reveal the culprit and the chronology of events that have occurred. Blood is the most important biological evidence in TKP. Through experimental research with a completely randomized design (CRD), this study aims to determine the success rate of blood groups identification in different types of Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen) as wood substrate in open and closed environmental conditions up to a certain time period. The four variations of Sengon wood substrate used were natural wood, processed wood, painted wood, and varnished wood. After 336 hours exposure on wood substrate, blood sample on the substrate was confirmed to identify the ABO system blood group using the absorption-elusion method. The results showed that the success rate identification the blood groups in ABO system on all types of Sengon wood substrate in closed environmental conditions reached a 100% for observation periods until 336 hours. Despite, the success rate of blood identification from all types wood substrate in open environmental condition were 0% for observation periods until 336 hours. Those data was then tested for normality with SPSS. The results showed that the data are not normally distributed (sig >0,00) for all type of treatmment. So that non-parametric statistical tests were carried out. The results of the Kruskall Wallis test showed that there was no significant difference between the treatment of Sengon wood substrate types and also in the length of time of observation (sig value 1,000). While the significance value on the environmental condition variable is 0.000, so it was concluded that there was a significant success rate's differences of blood group identification in samples that exposed to an open environment compared to a closed environment. This is reinforced by the results of the Kendall's correlation test and Spearman's test which show a strong correlation between the percentage of successful identification of blood groups and environmental conditions (correlation of 1,000). While the correlation value between the percentage of successful identification of blood group with the type of substrate and the length of time of exposure are 0.000 and 0.000, which is indicates a very weak correlation between the percentage of success of blood group with the type of substrate and the length of time of exposure. It can be concluded that the four types of wood substrates in closed environmental conditions had the same good ability to preserve blood within an exposure time of up to 336 hours. But, sample exposure in a closed environment provides the best percentage of success rate identification the blood groups in ABO system rather than the open environment was.
Morfoanatomi Hoya coronaria Berbunga Kuning pada Perlakuan Intensitas Cahaya Berbeda
Authors: Robika  , Kharisma Swandi Monica , Sanputra Andre , Rani
Published: August 2022

Knowledge on the anatomical structure of Hoya coronaria Blume can help to understand the various function of the plant to support the success of Hoya cultivation outside its natural habitat. This study aims to examine the effect of differences in light intensity on the anatomical characteristics of yellow-flowered H. coronaria to evaluate the adaptation of H. coronaria outside its natural habitat. The experiment used a one-factor factorial completely randomized design with two light intensity treatments (highest daily light intensity 15 Klux) and no shade with the highest daily light intensity average 59 Klux). The preparation of the leaf paradermal incision was made using the whole preparation method while the transverse incision was made using the paraffin method. Based on the analysis of the anatomical structure of the leaves, H. coronaria is a plant with C3 photosynthesis type. Leaf anatomy is composed of a thick cuticle layer, a single layer of the epidermis, mesophyll tissue which is differentiated into palisade and sponges, has a wide intercellular air cavity, and there is a transport network with undeveloped vascular sheath cells. H. coronaria growing under higher light intensity had thicker upper and lower cuticle, lower epidermis, mesophyll layer, and spongy layer compared to lower light intensity. The chlorophyll content was not significantly different between those grown at low and high light intensities. Based on these results, it can be concluded that H. coronaria adapted to high light intensity (without shade) or locations exposed to direct sunlight.
Analisis Hubungan Kekerabatan Fenetik Famili Euphorbiaceae di Kota Salatiga berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi serta Sifat Kimia
Authors: Christian Prasgi Henokh , Kasmiyati Sri
Published: August 2022

Euphorbiaceae is the most diverse angiosperm plant with one of the largest number of species widely used in various industries. Exploration and inventory of the Euphorbiaceae family has not been maximized, including in Salatiga City. Its great potential requires an initial step, namely plant breeding, but knowledge of its phenetic relationships is needed so that plant breeding produces superior individuals. In addition to morphological characters, chemical properties such as milk clotting activity are important in understanding the phenetic relationships. This study aims to analyze the phenetic relationships of Euphorbiaceae members in Salatiga City based on their morphological and chemical characteristics as well as from the milk clotting activity. Twenty five individual members of the Euphorbiaceae were analyzed for their morphological and chemical characteristics, and 30 characters were obtained. The results of the study using Cluster Analysis method showed that 25 individuals formed cluster A which was divided into 2 parts (clusters C and D) and cluster B formed cluster G (consists of individuals of Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Bl.). The closest phenetic relationships between Jatropha multifida Sidomukti C09 and Jatropha multifida Sidorejo C18 with a dissimilarity index of 0.03% or the equation 99.97%. The most distant phenetic relationships in Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Bl. Sidorejo C11 and Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Bl. Sidomukti C03 with a dissimilarity index of 19.13% or the equivalent percentage of 80.87%. The genus Euphorbia formed cluster F. The genus Manihot and Jatropha formed cluster C, the genus Codiaeum formed clusters E and B. All individuals, except Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Bl. Sidorejo C11, can coagulate milk so that it has potential as a protease enzyme in various industries. The highest protease enzyme activity value was in Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Bl. Sidorejo C11 (15.84 U/mg) and the lowest was in Euphorbia tirucalli Sidomukti C07 (2.34 U/mg).
Variation in Morphometric Characteristic of Apis cerana Fabricius (1793) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Various Altitudes in West Sumatra
Authors: Jasmi
Published: August 2022

Apis cerana is a honey bee with a wide distribution, it can be found in the lowlands until 1800 meters above sea level. Differences in geographical conditions, especially altitude, can affect the morphological character of honey bees. Morphometric analysis can be used to prove changes in morphological characters due to differences in environmental factors. This study was conducted to determine the variations in body size of Apis cerana from three different altitudes in West Sumatra. A total of 45 colonies were observed and 15 individual worker bees from each colony were collected for mounting purposes. Wings, antennae and hind leg were mounted and a bitmap image was created for each body part. Measurement of morphological characters was carried out from bitmap images using OPTILAB software and viewer Image Raster. Total characters measured in this study were 78 characters with 59 of them were new. The results of the t-test analysis showed that the difference in the size of the morphological character of worker bees was mostly found in individuals from altitude >1000 m above sea level and <100 m above sea level, which was 73.07% characters. The main body size, antennae, wings and hind legs of A. cerana tends to follow the altitudinal gradients.
Studi Morfometri dan Meristik Kantong Semar (Nepenthes spp.) yang Terpapar atau Tidak Terpapar Air Laut
Authors: Taufiq Ahmad , Alponsin  , Yasra Firham , Syam Zuhri
Published: August 2022

Nepenthes or pitcher plant is one of the most exotic plants in the world. There are 82 species of Nepenthes in the world, and very few studies concerning salinity stress have been carried out. We have found one species of pitcher plant that was exposed to seawater, namely Nepenthes gracilis Korth. Sixty-eight individuals were exposed to seawater and the rest were not. Observing and measuring morphological characters and anatomical characters have been done to these two sample groups in order to reveal the adaptation expression to the salinity stress. Statistical analysis has also been carried out between both groups. Two samples showed that they have significant differences in the size of pitcher and leaf. The ones which were exposed to seawater had smaller pitchers and leaves than others. The exposed seawater pitcher plant also has thicker leaves and palisade than others. Additionally, salinity exposure tended to decrease the stomatal density. The possible reason for this pattern was discussed in this study.
Pengaruh Variasi Kadar Air pada Produksi Lipase oleh Aspergillus aculeatus Ms. 11 dengan Fermentasi Substrat Padat Menggunakan Medium Press-Cake Biji Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg.)
Authors: Rifma  Hanun Nurbaity Raihana , Ilmi Miftahul
Published: August 2022

Lipase is an enzyme that has potential in industry. Lipases can be produced from microbes such as lipolytic molds. In several lipase production studies, solid state fermentation (SSF) was assessed to have better biomolecular characteristics at a lower cost than submerged fermentation (SmF) because it utilizes agro-industrial waste as a substrate. One of the underutilized agro-industrial wastes is rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg.). Rubber seeds are considered to have high nutrient content (contains 29.12% protein, 24.68% carbohydrates), but their potential as a fermentation medium is not yet known. This study aims to utilize rubber seeds as a medium substrate to determine lipase productivity by Aspergillus aculeatus Ms. 11. The research method used was (SSF) with variations in water content as a parameter in lipase productivity. The results showed that the highest yield was obtained at 90% water content on day 4 with the amount of 314.735 U/g while the highest lipase productivity was obtained at 90% water content on second day with the amount of 131.567 U/g/day. These results indicate that high water content affects lipase productivity.
Production of Cellulase Enzymes by Bacillus subtilis A8 on Agricultural Waste Products Adlay and Foxtail Millet Husks
Authors: Sudaryati Soeka Yati , Sulistiani
Published: August 2022

Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) and foxtail millet husks Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv are agricultural waste products which are rich in cellulose. Therefore, this research aimed to produce cellulase from Bacillus subtilis A8 through a fermentation process involving adlay and foxtail millet husks as the substrates. The cellulase was tested on carboxy methylcellulose (CMC), substrates of adlay, and foxtail millet husks for certain factors, such as the effect of incubation time, pH, temperature, and dissolved protein levels, as well as the activation or inhibition by metal ions. The result showed optimum activity observed on the CMC during the 3rd day of incubation, which was activated by metal ions of Co2+ and Cu2+ at a pH 6, temperature 60ºC, and dissolved protein level 0.05 µg/mL. Subsequently, optimum activity was observed on the foxtail millet husk during the 3rd day of incubation, which was activated by metallic ions of Co2+ and Cu2+ at a pH 7, temperature 50ºC, and protein level 0.14 µg/mL. Lastly, there was optimum activity observed on the adlay husk substrate, which was activated by metal ions of Co2+ and Cu2+ during incubation on the 3rd day at a pH 7, temperature 60ºC, and protein level 0.15 µg/mL.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Tempe Angkak Terhadap Bakteri Bacillus sp dan Escherichia Coli
Authors: Sari Pakpahan Indah , Dewi Lusiawati
Published: August 2022

Tempe is a fermented soybean products from Java, Indonesia, which has been known as a source of protein, vitamin B12, and contains bioactive compounds such as isoflavones in significant quantities an there are other bioactive components such as antibacterial. The process of making tempeh is often at risk of contamination with the emergence of contaminant bacteria Bacillus sp and Escherichia coli can degrade the quality of the product. Modification of the addition of numbers has the potential to be an inhibitor of bacterial contaminants due to the presence of the main active substance monascidin which is antibacterial. The presence of antibacterial activity can be used as an alternative substance to inhibit the growth of bacterial. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth of Bacillus sp and Eschericia coli in the tempeh fermentation process and knowing the effect of the addition of numbers on the value of water content and organoleptic properties (taste, aroma, and color) of tempeh with the addition of angkak powder. Research design using a completely randomized design with 6 treatment standards; 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% with 4 repeats. The research instrument used is a bland zone with disc diffusion methods. The research data is antibacterial activity, water content and organoleptic. The results showed that the addition of angkak to soybean tempeh had an effect on antibacterial activity with a diameter range of the inhibition zone of 10–21±17 mm. The addition of angkak to the water content of tempeh did not have a significant effect with a value range ​​of 63.03±0.01 - 64.72% and there was an effect on the panelists’ preference for color parameters and did not affect the taste and aroma parameters. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that Angkak has the potential to be used as an antibacterial agent and natural dye.
Peningkatan Aktivitas Antioksidan Pada Tempe Kedelai dengan Penambahan Serbuk Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Eugenie Ully Padah Priscillya , Dewi Lusiawati
Published: August 2022

Tempeh is an Indonesian fermented food made by solid fermentation of soybean by Rhizopus sp. that is widely consumed in Indonesia. The presence of free radicals cause damage to human cell and tissue, result in imbalance in the immune system. One of the compounds that can support immunity are antioxidants that can be found in vegetables. As a widely consumed food, it is important to increase tempeh’s antioxidant activity by adding antioxidant-rich vegetables. The increase of antioxidant activity in tempeh is expected to help meet daily antioxidants needs. The aim of this study is to increase the antioxidant activity of tempeh with the addition of chili powder (Capsicum annuum L.). This study was conducted by a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor and four treatment levels, namely, 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% with 5 replications. Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) method. The results showed that the addition of 1,5% chili powder in tempeh was proven to be able to significantly increase the power of antioxidant activity of tempeh compared to control, although the antioxidant activity still considered as weak (IC50>200 ppm). The organoleptic test shows that the addition of 1,5% chili powder can give attractive color and aroma which increase the level of preference for tempeh significantly with an average value of 4.63 and 4.30. While in texture and taste aspect, that the addition of 0% chili powder are more favored by the panelist significantly with an average value of 4.00 and 4.00.
First Report of Growth Rate Juvenile Tokay Gecko (Gekko gecko Linnaeus, 1758) during Twenty-four Weeks in Captive Breeding Facility
Authors: Alif Fauzi Muhammad , Hamidy Amir
Published: August 2022

As a conservation strategies to reduce the wild harvest of tokay geckos, captive breeding becomes one of the solution to fulfill demand market. To achieve this goal, scientific data on biological information on the growth of tokay gecko in captive breeding facility is needed to support management conservation of tokay gecko. A total of seven individual juveniles tokay gecko consisting of four males and three females were observed during 24 weeks old. We feed the juvenile of tokay gecko with 10-15 crickets every three days. We collected the growth rate data by weekly measuring Snout-vent Length (SVL), head length (HL), head width (HW) and body weight. Newly hatched tokay gecko have an SVL of 48.08 mm (44.70-53.24 mm) and weight 2.40 gram (1.90- 2.70 gram). Juvenile at the age of one to three months have a special characteristic in having a black and white bands on the tail. This characteristic fades when entering the age of more than twelve weeks. Female individuals were recorded to have smaller hatching sizes than males, but have faster growth rate (p=0.9536). For 24 weeks, male and female individuals have SVL of 70.77 mm (64.35-76.74) and 73.02 mm (67.11-80.35), respectively. Sexual dimorphism in males and females show significant results in the HW/SVL ratio (p=0.02697). Further study on the observation of growth rate during life span are needed to describe whole process of growth stage tokay gecko which is very useful for captive breeding management of this species.
Keragaman Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Pada Pola Tanam Paper nigrum Yang Berbeda Di Areal Sekitar Lahan Tambang Nikel
Authors: Akib Muh. Akhsan , Nuddin Andi , Prayudyaningsih Retno , Kuswinanti Tutik , Andi Syaiful Syatrianti , Antonius Sarjiya
Published: August 2022

Pepper cultivation techniques (Paper nigrum) in Indonesia are quite diverse in each region, depending on the type of pepper cultivated, farmer characteristics, and environmental factors, so that pepper cultivation in Indonesia can be grouped into; Conventional cultivation, non-pesticide cultivation, and organic cultivation, with monoculture or polyculture cropping patterns that have different diversity of soil microorganisms and can be beneficial for plant growth, one of which is arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This activity aims to isolate, identify and determine the level of colonization of Indigenous AMF from the rhizosphere of pepper. The study began with sampling the rhizosphere in a community-owned pepper plantation with monoculture and polyculture cropping patterns, in East Luwu District, Indonesia. Isolation, identification, and analysis of AMF colonization activities were carried out in the microbiology laboratory of the Makassar Environmental and Forestry Research and Development Center to determine spore morphotype, spore abundance, and AMF colonization level. The results showed that nine AMF morphotypes with low spore density (1-53 spores.100g sample-1) were found, which were dominated by Acaulospora sp. with a high-level colonization rate (≥51%) on pepper with polyculture cropping pattern. Polyculture cropping patterns provide a good environment to complete the life cycle and increase the number of AMF spore populations, so it can be recommended as an environmentally friendly cropping pattern and preserve the indigenous AMF.
Nutrisi dan Uji Hedonik Kue dengan Menggunakan Subtitusi Tepung Umbi Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) Fermentasi
Authors: Sudaryati Soeka Yati , Ratna Sulistiyani Tri , Yuliani Yeni
Published: August 2022

The use of wheat flour as the main raw material in food processing is increasing so that materials can be substituted to maintain food diversivity. One of the tuber plants that contains nutrition and has the potential to replace the use of wheat flour is gadung flour (Dioscorea hispida) flour. This study, used gadung flour without fermentation with Cyanide-free treatment and cyanide-free fermented. The parameters measured in gadung flour cakes without and with fermentation are carbohydrate levels, fat, protein, water, ash, crude fiber, dietary fiber, amylose, and amylopectin were analyzed descriptively. The microstructure of cake from yam flour without and with fermentation is seen using a SEM (Scanning Electro Microscopy) microscope. Organoleptic tests on the liking level (hedonic test) of cake against taste, aroma, texture, and color. Data were analyzed using One-Way Anova. The hedonic value of the aroma and flavor on cakes substituted by gadung flour with fermented treatment shows a lower value (rather popular) than the treatment without fermentation (control). The results of the analysis of carbohydrate, fat, protein, water, ash, coarse fibers, food fibers, amylose, and amylopectin show a decrease in nutritional levels of cake with fermentation than without fermentation. At the preference level for color of products from fermentation flour are more popular because it has a more attractive and bright color display. The level of preference for fermented and control flour texture is still diverse, this is due to differences in tastes in the recipient community which is influenced by many factors
Habitat Preference and Population Study of House Gecko (Gekko gecko) in Seribu Islands, Special Capital Region of Jakarta
Authors: Fakhri Fauzan Muhammad , Zakky Quraisy , Hibban Hartono Ibnu , Riyanto Awal , Hamidy Amir
Published: August 2022

The house gecko (Gekko gecko) or tokek is a reptile species known widely used as an export commodity. Overexploitation can threaten wild populations of tokek in the wild. The research was conducted through a Visual Encounter Survey on the islands of Tidung, Pari, and Untung Jawa from 27 November to 02 December 2021. We also distributed questionnaires about the insight and presence of geckos in residents' homes or buildings. The number of respondents have been interviewed are 117 people, while for direct observation the results obtained are 273 individuals. The highest number of geckos was found on Pari Island and the least was on Untung Jawa Island. The house gecko is distributed throughout on these islands and is relatively more abundant in residential areas. The house gecko is most found on power poles and building walls and in breadfruit trees (Artocarpus altilis). Area of The Kepulauan Seribu is about 474562 hectares with a land area of 877 hectares. The population density of tokek based on direct observation was 13.60 individuals/ha. Therefore, the estimated population of tokek; in the Seribu Islands based on direct observations is around 11930.12 individuals.
The Remember/Regeneration Therapy Method as a New Holistic Approach for Celiac Disease: Two Case Reports
Authors:   RTM Clinic, Izmir, Turkey, Yasar Mustafa
Published: August 2022

Background: celiac disease (cd) is a widespread disorder caused by an intolerance to gluten which is a protein found in many foods in genetically susceptible individuals. The disease is characterized by small-intestinal mucosal injury and nutrient malabsorption. Currently, in spite of a life-long gluten-free diet is the effective and available treatment option for patients with CD, the widespread use of wheat-derived gluten in the food industry limits the effectiveness of treatment. Therefore, it is needed to perform further studies on nondietary therapies which solve the causes of the disease. The Remember/Regeneration Therapy Method (RTM) is a novel holistic medicine approach that targets physiopathological changes in quadruplet body structures and includes various complementary methods such as acupuncture, ozone therapy, and phytotherapy, etc. in different combinations which are determined depending on the disease.
The Importance of Appropriate Management and Differential Diagnosis Patient’s Vocalizations (Groaning or Moaning) In the Last Days and Hours of Life
Authors:   Residency in Internal Medicine, Hospital São Francisco Xavier, CHLO, Lisbon, Portugal, Frade Luciana
Published: August 2022

In the last days of life, patients often present with disorganized vocalizations, repetitive and incomprehensible sounds, which are often interpreted as a sign of discomfort primarily for the patient, but also for everyone involved in his/her care. In this context, groaning is not only, but often, linked to behavioral disorganization and psycho-motor agitation (pre-terminal delirium), representative of a path of clinical deterioration that can manifest itself in different ways. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify the aetiology at the base of these vocalizations (moan/groan) in order to properly address it with correct nonpharmacological and pharmacological approaches. This article, in the format of a narrative review aims to gather data with clinical relevance, namely aetiology, approach and impact of this important symptom, in order to change incorrect practices, improve the quality of care and provide practical guidance.
Shoulder Differences between Volleyball Players and Non-Overhead Athletes
Authors:   Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal, A Ribeiro
Published: August 2022

Introduction: in any sporting activity, there are functional adaptations specific to each sport. In volleyball, one of the most important functional adaptations is the shoulder’s articular complex. Thus it is extremely important to determine, assess and to take them into consideration by the physioherapist in order to prevent any injury. Objective: determine if there are any recurring functional adaptations due to overuse of the shoulder in volleyball players, compared with players of non-“overhead” sports. Methodology: analysis of video footage of passive movement amplitude of the internal and external rotation, and horizontal adduction of the shoulder using the Kinovea program. Results: After analyzing all the collected data, a difference in horizontal adduction was verified between the two groups under testing. There was no evidence of any difference in internal and external rotation.
Covid-19 and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2(ACE2)
Authors:   Professor in Department of clinical Pharmacology, medicine and therapeutic, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq, M Al-kuraishy Hayder
Published: August 2022

Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a signaling pathway for regulation of blood pressure, blood volume, natriuresis, and other vascular functions. In coronavirus infection disease (Covid-19), SARS-CoV-2 binds ACE2 which is highly expressed by the epithelial cells of blood vessel, intestine and lung. The expression of ACE2 is augmented by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), ibuprofen, statins, thiazolidinedione and by cigarette smoking. Pulmonary ACE2 is seems to be a protective defense pathway during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Polymorphism of ACE2 has been associated with different cardio-metabolic disorders, thus implication of ACE2 and angiotensin receptor type 2 (ATR2) receptors in Covid-19-induced pneumonia should be considerably regarded with ACE2 polymorphisms. Covid-19 leads to significant lung injury through down-regulation of ACE2, which is attenuated by administration of angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs). Therefore, ACE2 receptors are protective against SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Therefore, ACE2 is regarded as an important entry-point for SARS-CoV-2 and up-regulation of ACE2 by ACEIs, ARBs and during development of cytokine storm is regarded as a protective compensatory mechanism to overcome hyperinflammatory-induced ALI and ARDS.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Covid-19 Prevention and Associated Factors among House Holds In Ilu Ababor and Bunno Bedele Zones, Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Nursing, College of health science, Mettu University, Mettu, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia, Dugassa Milkias
Published: August 2022

Background: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become the center of global public health concern. COVID-19 has evolved into a pandemic which requires persons around the world to attend to rapidly changing messages and take immediate actions to minimize the risk of infection. Knowledge of a disease can influence the attitudes and practices, and incorrect attitudes and practices directly increase the risk of infection. Thus, understanding the level of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and possible contributing factors could help to design COVID 19 preventive strategies.
Outbreaks of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Comorbid Patients
Authors:   Genetics Department, Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre 10-1-1, Mahavir Marg, Masabtank, Hyderabad-500004, TS, INDIA, Jamil Kaiser
Published: August 2022

The year 2020 has brought previously unseen challenges upon humankind. A new corona virus, spread at an unprecedented speed globally stormed the entire planet bringing life to almost a standstill with several months of lockdown. What is still sticking in our minds is –when will the pandemic end? or will it ever end? This article is a short review of COVID-19 patients who were already suffering from diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers and COPD and other respiratory diseases. We analyzed all articles which discuss the role of the comorbidities in predisposing people to coronavirus SARS- COV-2 and the associated fatalities. However, there are contradictory reports, and in a scenario where the mechanism of infection and resistance to infection and variation in the severity of infection is observed, the role of comorbidities must be evaluated with more data. This article presents an analysis of the fatalities and the role of comorbidities reported from the onset of SARS-COV-2 to present. Further, healthcare support system for the already suffering people was largely neglected during this period, as hospitals were overcrowded with COVID-19 patients. The aim of the article is also to appraise the neglect of primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic which has been a concern globally and suggest methods to minimize such neglect in future.
Determination the Effect of Ionizing Radiation in Blood Cells Parameters among Sudanese Radiology Workers
Authors:   Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan, Abdelgadir Abdelgadir Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Background: Radiology work involves risks that affect most blood components, leading to chronic diseases Design: This analytical study was conducted in Khartoum State from August to December 2020 Objective: The goal is to determine the effect of ionizing radiation on blood values in healthy radiologists using the analysis of complete blood count and blood smear And to determine the effect of the number of years of work, the number of working hours per day, the years of work: are they continuous or discontinued, the intensity of radiation, wearing a protective shield made of lead on the values of the complete blood count
A Survey of Healthcare Professionals’ Treatment of Patients with Eating Disorders and Obesity in Saudi Arabia, and the Availability of Specialised Resources
Authors:   Senior Dietitian at King Abdualaziz hosp. Psychiatry Department, Saudi Arabia, Alsabbah Amnah
Published: August 2022

Over the last few decades, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has experienced rapid socio-cultural changes caused by the accelerating economy of the Arabian Gulf region. This was associated with major changes in food choices and eating habits, which became progressively more “Westernized”. Such a “nutritional transition” has been claimed to be responsible for the rising rates of overweight and obesity recently observed among the Saudi population. The prevalence of obesity among adults in Saudi Arabia is 24.7% in 2020. However, the roles of psychology in obesity management and the assessment of metabolic surgery are not clear. This study aims to identify the number of referrals for Eating Disorders (ED) and obesity, the management and level of availability of ED specialists as reported by healthcare staff, and the use of mental health services in treating EDs and obesity. A total of 15 health services in SA were surveyed and 123 questionnaires completed by health professionals.
English Language Anxiety among College Students
Authors: Giray Louie , Alcala Ma. Angelica , Edem Jelomil , Sabacajan Tracy Mauve
Published: August 2022

Most Filipinos spend their time learning the English language in schools, given the mandate of the government. Hence, English is used as a medium of instruction in many higher education institutions in the Philippines. Despite its prevalence, many Filipinos, including college students, are still anxious when utilizing it in communication. In research undertakings, little is being discussed about this type of language anxiety in the Philippine context. To bridge this research gap, the aim of this study, hence, is to explore the English language anxiety among Filipino college students in state universities and colleges in Metro Manila, Philippines. Data were obtained from 37 college students through purposive sampling. Then, the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Four themes emerged, namely: (1) lack of language skills, (2) personal insecurities, (3) judgment of others, and (4) negative influences on performance and being. Students are recommended to work on their problems related to English language skills and make ways to improve such as through practicing, listening open-mindedly to constructive criticism, and building self-esteem. College teachers, meanwhile, are advised to foster a psychologically safe atmosphere where mistakes are seen as a learning opportunity, refrain from using deprecating comments to students, and undertake planned and meaningful class sessions.
Braving the Waves: Issues and Coping of College Teachers in the Online Pedagogy
Authors: Friales Wilter C. , Pama Christian Jade D. , Umadhay Mark Jhon L. , Labuaya Cherryl Zane A. , Carreon Kannah Mari G. , Gregorio Desyree Divine D. , Manansala Devi Ann E.
Published: August 2022

The global experiences of the pandemic situation have introduced an unnecessary shift in the teaching-learning process setup among the different departments, curriculum developers, teachers, instructors, professors, students, pupils, and parents to adjust to the emerging needs that an online class format requires. This research aims to describe the experiences of the College teachers of Notre Dame of Marbel University in the online pedagogy. This is descriptive qualitative research using the in-depth interview as a data gathering method. Thematic analysis was conducted to get the emerging themes based on the narratives and sharing of the participants. The challenges of the teachers in the technical aspects are unupdated devices, problems with the main sources of technology, unfamiliarity with applications, and technological gaps; their challenges are difficulty in social interaction, not being technologically inclined, dishonesty of students, time management; emotional challenges are pressure and fear, mental exhaustion, dishonesty, slow internet connection. The coping mechanisms of the language teachers involve keeping one’s circle close, doing things they love, social media, acceptance, practice, and collaborative learning. Along with these are the goals of the teachers for their students, which are honesty, knowledge, and to inspire.
Experimental study of admixture on Bentonite clay reinforced concrete as a partial substitute to cement
Authors: Ahmed Siraj , Kunte Anil , Roy Aashis
Published: August 2022

The mortar mixtures were prepared in various proportioned with cement to sand ratio of 1:3 and 1:4. The reinforced concretes were cast for the same flow level but different percentages of clay (0, 5, 10 & 15%) dosage. The prepared motor concrete subjected for structural study and mechanical property analysis. In FTIR spectra shows predominant peaks are observed the presence of admixture and clay in the concrete motor. The XRD spectra indicates the formation tetrahedrally arrangement of silicate and octahedrally arrangement of aluminate groups in clay mixed concrete. The surface morphology significantly improved upon adding of different admixture as examined in SEM image. The mechanical study revealed  that the compressive strength increases with increase in clay percentages up to C-2 (10 wt %) due to the strong adhesion because of mixture of water reduce and water repellent which makes better compact and reduce porosity. The addition of slump flow improved due to presence of polycarboxylate ether and the evident workability loss started after the resting time of 25 min.
Synthesis, characterization and mechanical study of polypropylene polymer based reinforced concrete with different admixture
Authors: Sarmast Syed Mahmood Mohiuddin , Kunte Anil , Roy Aashis
Published: August 2022

We have fabricated two different concrete based on polypropylene fibers with three different percentage admixture and water repellent dosages. The mortar mixtures were proportioned with cement to sand ratio of 1:3 and 1:4. The important FTIR peaks indicates that the presence of polypropylene fibers, and water repellent silicon in concrete mixture. The XRD spectra confirmed that the angle 2th value with corresponding planes are because of mainly tetrahedrally arranged silicate and octahedrally arrangement of aluminate groups in mixed concrete. The reinforced concretes were cast for the same flow level but different percentages of polypropylene fibers (0, 5, 10 & 15%) dosage. The mechanical study proves that the compressive strength and tensile strength of the concretes increases with increase in polypropylene based concrete mixtures up to 10 wt %. However, it is also noted that the admixture significantly enhances the mechanical strength and decreases the early shrinkage of the concrete.
Analytical Study of Dynamic and Vibrational of Composite Shell with Piezoelectric Layer using GDQM Method
Authors: Moslemi Petrudi Amin , Rahmani Masoud , Scurtu Ionut Cristian
Published: August 2022

Piezoelectric materials, due to their electromechanical coupling properties, are widely used as actuators and sensors in intelligent structures to control vibrations and bends of multilayer sheets with piezoelectric layers. In this paper, the response of free vibrations of a multilayer composite shell with the new Generalized Differential Quadrature Method (GDQM) for different boundary conditions is investigated. The governing equations are obtained by assuming first-order shear theory and using Hamilton's principle. The generalized quadrature differential method is used to solve the obtained equations. To use this method, coding has been done in MATLAB software. Due to the same thickness of the layers, as the number of composite layers increases and the total thickness is constant, the thickness of each layer decreases, and consequently the thickness of the piezoelectric layer decreases. Comparing the results of this method with the work of other researchers shows that this method has good accuracy.
Penyearah Tak Terkontrol Satu Phasa Setengah Gelombang Terhadap Generator AC Tiga Phasa
Authors: Budi Perdinan Setia , Nugraha Anggara Trisna , Yuniza Salsabila Ika , Ivannuri Fahmi
Published: August 2022

Penyearah dari sistem sumber satu phasa menghasilkan nilai arus searah yang tinggi. Tegangan output pada sebuah penyearah tergantung pada tipe rangkaian penyearah, perbandingan transmisi dari trafo, jenis dan besaran tahanan dalam dan dari jenis beban. Energi listrik adalah salah satu elemen paling mendasar dari kehidupan di dunia. Teknologi yang sedang marak dikembangkan adalah Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Vortex menggunakan generator sebagai pengubah energi mekanis menjadi energi listrik Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat generator permanen dan analisis parameter listrik dari keluaran generator. Metode penilitian yang digunakan terdiri dari, Perancangan alat, Pembuatan, Pengujian, Analisis dan output generator. Hasil penelitian ini berupa generator fluks aksial magnet permanen 3 phasa. Stator dibentuk dengan jumlah kumparan sebanyak 9 kumparan terdiri dari 1000 lilitan per kumparan sedangkan rotor menggunakan magnet sebanyak 2 buah setiap rotornya. Tegangan induksi tanpa beban DC tiga fasa dihasilkan dari 10 variasi pengujian menggunakan turbin tipe L dan S. Didapatkan tegangan puncak selama pengujian adalah 1,5 volt. Turbin uji Model L dan Model S turbin untuk tegangan tertinggi 2, volt.