bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Controlling efficiency of the potential rhizosphere bacterial antagonists against leaf spot disease from Rosa spp. caused by Xanthomonas spp. in vitro and under net-house condition
Authors: Le Uyen Thanh , Doan Thi Kieu Tien , Huynh Ngoc Tam , To Lan Phuong , Nguyen Thi Be Nhanh
Published: November 2022

Bacterial leaf spots (Xanthomonas spp.) on roses cause great losses to farming. In vitro, the survey of antagonistic density was tested by using three antagonistic isolates (BR16, BR37, BR88) against Xanthomonas spp. (XR13, XR9, XR18 strains). These antagonists and pathogens were diluted separately at 10, 100, 1000 &10000 fold. Results showed that the inhibition abilities were increased with diminishing the population of the pathogen. In which, the antagonists with populations less than 106 CFU/mL are not sufficiently or low effective in forming the inhibitory zone against the pathogen. Therefore, a density of about 107 CFU/mL was selected in the trials on rose under net-house conditions. From that, with the foliar application, three isolates (BR16, BR37, BR88) were tested against the three mentioned pathogenic strains. Results showed that pretreating with antagonistic bacteria achieved high disease control efficiency. In which, BR88 has the highest disease reduction efficiency reaching 70.1%, 72.4%, and 73.3%, when infecting the XR13, XR9, or XR18, respectively. Furthermore, treatments from applying separately three antagonistic isolates all have AUDPC lower than the treatment with only disease inoculation from 2.4 to 4.7 times. In which, the AUDPC of treatment of BR88 was similar to BR16 when infecting XR13,...
Efficacy of bacteriophages in controlling bacterial vascular wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Smith on eggplants
Authors: Doan Thi Kieu Tien , Lu Chi Thong , Pham Van Luc , Nguyen Thi Thu Nga
Published: November 2022

The objective of the study was selection promising bacteriophages for lysis Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro and evaluation their ability to prevent bacterial vascular wilt on eggplants under greenhouse conditions. Primary selection of promising bacteriophages from four bacteriophages as Φ54, Φ60, Φ67, and ΦBT on Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from eggplant based on plaque diameter and phage multiplication in in vitro, the result found that three bacteriophages (Φ54, Φ67, and ΦBT) expressed plaque diameter over 7.00 mm at 48 hours, and phage titer with log (pfu/ml) reach over 7.00. Continuing the survey, the efficacy of these phages in controlling bacterial wilt on eggplants in greenhouse conditions through applying each bacteriophage or cocktail of three phages suspension two times (1010 pfu/ pot/ each time) before pathogen inoculation and 7 days after pathogen inoculation through soil drenching.  As a result, all bacteriophages either single or mixture of three phages were effective in the prevention of bacterial wilt disease. Especially, phage Φ BT showed the highest disease reduction and was better than bacteriocide treatment applied with Starner 20 WP.
Selection and characterization of a yeast strain for the suppression of brown spot on Tru Long pummelo (Citrus maxima)
Authors: Nguyen Minh Ly , Le Thi Mai
Published: November 2022

Tru Long pummelo is an endemic plant of Quang Nam province with high economic value. However, many different diseases, especially brown spot disease caused by Alternaria fungus on pummelos, have affected the quality of pummelos. Pesticides are overused and misused for the environment and human health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to reduce the use of synthetic chemicals. Biological control offers an alternative to the use of pesticides. Eight yeast strains have been isolated from healthy leaves, pummelo fruits, and healthy mulberries. They were screened for biological activity against Alternaria sp. by the dual culture method. The inhibitory potency ranged from 10.46% to 59.86%. The strain with the highest percentage (59.86%) was identified as Candida tropicalis using sequence analysis of the ITS region.
Gangguan Pertumbuhan Organ Limfoid Ayam Broiler yang Menderita Omfalitis
Authors: Sutrisno Bambang , Wasito R , Widyarini Sitarina , Kristianingrum Yuli Purwandari , . Sugiyono
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gangguan pertumbuhan jaringan limfoid primer dan sekunder yang menderita omphalitis dengan pemeriksaan histopatologi diwarnai dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin-eosin rutin dan pewarnaan imunohistokimia streptavidin biotin terhadap interleukin-10 (IL-10) pada ayam muda. Ayam umur 24 hari (DOC) broiler digunakan dan dikumpulkan dari tempat penetasan yang sama di Jawa Tengah di Indonesia. Semua 24 DOC dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri dari 12 DOC (Grup A) dan 12 DOC omphalitic (Grup B). Semua DOC dirawat di kandang yang berbeda, diberi makan dan diminum di libitum. Pada hari ke 3, 6 dan 9, empat ekor ayam dari masing-masing kelompok ditimbang untuk kemudian dinekropsi. Timus, bursa fabricius dan limpa dikumpulkan dan ditimbang. Semua jaringan diproses secara histopatologi dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin-eosin rutin dan pewarnaan biotin streptavidin imunohistokimia imunopatologi. Data indeks berat limpa, bursa Fabricius dan tymus dianalisis menggunakan program statistik IBM SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks bobot limpa, bursa fabricius dan timus ayam omphalitic (kelompok B) lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan indeks bobot ayam sehat (kelompok A). Indeks berat timus berbeda nyata (P <0, 05). Lesi histopatologis pada organ limfoid diamati pada semua ayam di Grup B. Lesi ditandai dengan penipisan dan nekrosis limfosit. Ayam dari Grup A tidak mengalami perubahan pada organ limfoid. Biotin streptavidin immunostaining dengan ekspresi antibodi policlonal anti IL-10 pada bursa Fabricius pada ayam omphalitic (Grup B) memiliki IL-10 yang sangat sedikit jika dibandingkan dengan ayam sehat (Grup A). Kesimpulan, omfalitis menyebabkan penurunan indeks berat badan yang signifikan dan gangguan pertumbuhan organ limfoid yang ditandai dengan deplesi dan nekrosis limfosit.
Study of Struvite Crystals and Dietary at Risk for the Formation of Struvite Urolithiasis in Dogs in Small Animal Practices
Authors: Sulistiawati Erni , Sajuthi Dondin , Kristal Olivia , Widayanti Rini
Published: November 2022

Urolithiasis is defined as the formation of urolith or crystal in the urinary tract caused by supersaturation of urine. This study was conducted at PDHB drh Cucu Kartini S, dkk, Jakarta clinic. The data were taken from urinalysis test results of 23 dogs which suffered crystaluria and urolith stone examination of 11 dogs which suffered urolith stone post cystotomy. Most affected breeds were Shihtzu, Pug, Mini Pom, Corgi, Miniature Schnauzer, Golden Retriever. Crystaluria most detected in male dogs, while urolith stone most affected in female dogs.  Dogs from 6 months to 12.5 years with a median of 5 years were affected. The urinalysis showed that dogs with crystaluria had alkaline urine (mean 8.3), 100% proteinuria, 86.9% hematuria, 41.4% pyuria. Diets is the most contributing factor in case of struvite urolithiasis, which is low water content; high in protein, magnesium, phosphorus, carbohydrates and calcium. Therapeutic diets that low in protein, phosphorus, magnesium and sufficient carbohydrates and diets with greater than 70% moisture can be an option for treatment and prevention of recurrent of struvite urolithiasis
Comparative of Neutrophils and Lymphocyte Ratio for Dairy Cattle in Prepartum and Postpartum Condition
Authors: Tuzzahra Diza Raudya , Ariyanto Eko Fuji , - Septiyani , Rosdianto Aziiz Mardanarian
Published: November 2022

There is a transition period that dairy cattle always pass through in their reproduction cycle, making them more stressed. Stress can simply be identified by the ratio of neutrophil (N) and lymphocyte (L) at the haematologic state of dairy cattle. The purpose of this study is to evaluate stress conditions in dairy cattle’s transition period based on neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio. Twenty samples of dairy cattle’s blood in prepartum and postpartum condition are being analyzed with a hematology analyzer. The result of this study shows that the average of neutrophil has increased insignificantly from prepartum to postpartum period as 4.14 103/µL ± 1.51 to 4.27 103/µL ± 2.08 or 1.03% with a normal interval of neutrophil is 1.7-6.0 103/µL. However, the average of lymphocytes decreased insignificantly from 3.23 103/µL ± 1.13 to 3.03 103/µL ± 1.23 or 0.93% with a normal interval of lymphocyte is 1.8-8.1 103/µL. Then, the average of neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio has increased insignificantly from 1.35 103/µL ± 0.46 to 1.47 103/µL ± 0.60 or 1.09%. Based on this result, the ratio of neutrophils per lymphocyte still in the normal range. In the transition period, only a few dairy cattle have a stressful condition. The stress condition in dairy cattle can be identified by increasing neutrophil (neutrophilia) and reducing lymphocyte (lymphocytopenia).
Waktu Henti Antibiotik dan Faktor yang mempengaruhinya pada Peternakan Broiler di Bogor
Authors: Efendi Rusman , Sudarnika Etih , Wibawan I Wayan Teguh , Purnawarman Trioso
Published: November 2022

Waktu henti antibiotik merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap residu antibiotik. Residu obat dalam unggas dan produk unggas menjadi perhatian karena membahayakan kesehatan masyarakat seperti berupa reaksi alergi dan hipersensitivitas, gangguan reproduksi, karsinogenisitas, nefropati, gangguan flora normal usus dan resistansi antibiotik. Peternak broiler yang memperhatikan waktu henti antibiotik baru sekitar separuhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi waktu henti antibiotik pada broiler. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional study. Sampel penelitian diambil sebanyak 103 Rumah Tangga Peternak (RTP) dengan kriteria sampel adalah peternak yang menggunakan antibiotik dalam proses pemeliharaan broilernya. Data diambil menggunakan kuesioner dengan cara wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi dan uji t dengan taraf signifikan (α) sebesar 5 %. Hasil penelitian menemukan faktor yang berkorelasi secara signifikan terhadap waktu henti antibiotik adalah umur peternak dengan kekuatan korelasi lemah dan cukup, Lama bekerja dengan kekuatan korelasi yang cukup, dan jumlah kepemilikan broiler dengan kekuatan korelasi yang cukup. Waktu henti antibiotik secara rerata berbeda nyata berdasarkan pada faktor pengambil keputusan dan penggunaan kombinasi antibiotik. Pengambil keputusan yang dilakukan oleh peternak dan yang tidak menggunakan kombinasi antibiotik waktu henti antibiotiknya lebih panjang.
Peran Hemaglutinin dan Hemolisin pada Escherichia coli Sorbitol-negatif Isolat Burung Puyuh pada Proses Infeksi Secara in Vitro
Authors: Khusnan Khusnan , Prihtiyantoro Wahyu , Kusmanto Dwi
Published: November 2022

Abstract Escherichia coli sorbitol-negative in quails cause economic loss due to the death, growth rate inhibition, decreased egg production, and increased medical treatment. Escherichia coli sorbitol-negative has many virulence factors, including hemagglutinin and hemolysin. The aim of this study is to determine the role of hemagglutinin and hemolysin in the infection process of Escherichia coli sorbitol-negative in vitro. This study was performed using 23 isolates of Escherichia coli sorbitol-negative from quails, 52.2% (12 of 23 isolates) had hemagglutinin, while 34.8% (8 out of 23 isolates) had hemolysin. Isolates with hemagglutinin were more attached to human buccal epithelial cells than isolates without hemagglutinin (P <0.05). Isolates with hemolysin were less phagocyted by macrophages compared to isolates which without hemolysin (P <0.05). Escherichia coli sorbitol-negative isolates from quails that have hemagglutinin and hemolysin are pathogenic isolates that possess the potential to cause colibasilosis and transmission between quails and other birds.
WAKTU OVULASI DAN ANGKA KEBUNTINGAN PADA SAPI PERAH YANG MENGALAMI KAWIN BERULANG SETELAH PEMBERIAN GnRH, VITAMIN ADE DAN INFUSI IODIUM POVIDON
Authors: Setyorini Yuliati Wahyu , Prihatno Surya Agus
Published: November 2022

Waktu ovulasi dan ANGKA KEBUNTINGAN PADA SAPI PERAH YANG MENGALAMI KAWIN BERULANG SETELAH PEMBERIAN GnRH, VITAMIN ADE DAN INFUSI IODIUM POVIDON   Intisari       Angka kebuntingan pada sapi perah yang mengalami kawin berulang sangat rendah. Dampak kerugian secara ekonomi bagi peternak sangat nyata disebabkan rendahnya efisiensi reproduksi dan produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu ovulasi dan angka kebuntingan pada sapi perah yang mengalami kawin berulang setelah pemberian  GnRH, vitamin ADE dan infusi iodium povidon. Sebanyak 24 ekor sapi perah FH betina pernah beranak, mempunyai korpus luteum, tidak bunting, umur 3-6 tahun, mengalami kawin berulang, secara klinis sehat dan siklus reproduksi normal digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sapi dibagi 4 kelompok terdiri dari 6 ekor per kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok P1 sebagai kontrol, kelompok P2 diberi GnRH dosis 250 µg per ekor (Gonadorelin,  FertagylTM, Intervet, International B.V., Boxmer, Holland), kelompok P3 diberi vitamin ADE dengan dosis 5 ml dan infusi  iodium povidon 1% secara intra uterus.  Kelompok P4 diberi vitamin ADE, infusi iodium povidon 1% intra uterus, dan GnRH. Singkonisasi estrus menggunakan Prostaglandin F2α dengan tujuan menyeragamkan waktu timbulnya estrus. Semua sapi estrus dikawinkan secara insiminasi buatan (IB). Pemeriksaan waktu ovulasi secara perrektal kurang dari 12 jam, 12 sampai 24 jam dan lebih dari 24 jam setelah estrus berakhir dan angka kebuntingan menggunakan ultrasonography (USG) pada 30-45 hari  dan palpasi rektal pada 60-90 hari setelah inseminasi. Analisa hasil menggunakan deskripsi  dan  Kruskal-Wallis test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan waktu ovulasi kurang dari 12 jam, 12 sampai 24 jam dan lebih dari 24 jam masing -masing P1 ( 16.7%, 66,7%, dan 16,7 %), P2 (  66,7%, 33,3%), P3 (33,3%, 66,7%), P4 (83,3%, 16,7%). Angka kebuntingan pada kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan masing-masing sebesar P1 (kontrol) 16,67%, P2 (diberi GnRH saat IB) 66,67%, P3 (diberi vitamin ADE dan Infusi iodium povidon 1%) 50% dan P4 (diberi vitamin ADE,  Infusi iodium povidon 1%, dan GnRH) 100%. Ketepatan waktu ovulasi dan tingkat kebuntingan yang tertinggi dihasilkan oleh kelompok I yang berbeda secara signifikan (P<0,05) dengan kelompok kontrol. Disimpulkan pemberian  GnRH, vitamin ADE dan infusi iodium povidon pada sapi perah yang mengalami kawin berulang mampu mempercepat waktu ovulasi dan meningkatkan angka kebuntingan.  Kata kunci : GnRH, iodium povidon, kawin berulang, kebuntingan, sapi perah
Investigating the Effect of Advertising on Attracting Customers of Sports Clubs in Karaj City
Authors: Mahdavi Akbar , Tagizadeh Mohammad , Ahmadi Ramazan
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this research was to investigate the mediating role of charitable marketing in the effect of advertising on attracting customers of sports clubs in Karaj city. The research method was applied descriptive which was conducted by field method using questionnaire. The statistical population included the athletes of sports clubs in Karaj city. The sample size was determined as 332 people based on Morgan’s table. The measurement tools included advertisement questionnaire (Moghimi & Ramezani, 2007) and customer attraction questionnaire (Ravanbakhsh, 2019). Content and face validity of questionnaires were confirmed by management professors and Cronbach’s alpha reliability was reported as 0.72 for advertisement questionnaire and Cronbach’s alpha reliability of customer attraction questionnaire was reported as 0.71. To analyze the research hypotheses, the structural equation model was used by spss19 and Amos23 software. The findings of the research showed that charitable marketing has a mediating role in the effect of advertising on the attraction of customers of sports clubs in Karaj city, and this type of mediating is a partial mediating type. Therefore, it can be concluded that by using charitable marketing, new customers can be attracted to sports clubs, and charitable marketing is also a kind of advertisement for the club.
Capacity Building of Secondary School Teachers’ of English Language: A Panacea to Effective Teaching in the Post COVID-19 Era
Authors: Ezenwosu Ngozi , Anyanwu Adeline N. , Metu Ifeoma C. , Ezeugo Nneka C. , Eleje Lydia I.
Published: November 2022

This study investigated the capacity building of secondary school teachers’ of the English language in the Onitsha metropolis of Anambra State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The study population size was one hundred and fourteen (114) secondary school teachers’ of English language from the 22 public secondary schools in the Onitsha metropolis. There was no sampling because the population was manageable. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers with 34 items measured on a 4-point linker scale. Three research questions guided the study while the data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Two experts from the Measurement and Evaluation Unit, Faculty of Education Nnamdi Azikiwe, validated the instrument. The findings revealed that teachers of the English language need capacity building in teaching some aspects of the language as well as in innovative methods of teaching the subject and in the use of some instructional materials, especially ICT gadgets. It was therefore recommended that in-service teachers of the English language should undergo capacity building once every term to enable them to update their knowledge and skill in English Language and be relevant.
CHARACTERIZATION STUDIES ON A TETRAHYDROCURCUMIN-ZINC COMPLEX
Authors: DUBOURDIEU DANIEL J. , NALLA SARATH , TALUKDAR JAMIL , SHIER W. THOMAS
Published: November 2022

Objective: Preparation and characterization studies on tetrahydrocurcumin complexed with zinc, with particular reference to the location of zinc in the complex.
Methods: Structural characteristics of tetrahydrocurcumin and its complex with zinc were compared using elemental analysis, mass spectrometry (MS), proton, and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), ultraviolet-visible (UV) absorption spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
Results: MS data indicates a Zn molecule holds two THCur components together. NMR data provide evidence that the zinc ion is associated with the 1,3-diketone part of the linker region of the associated THCur. FTIR data is consistent with zinc interaction with the enol tautomer of the 1,3-diketone at the center of the linker region of THCur. UV data indicate that a zinc-dependent shift in absorbance maximum is consistent with changes in the structure of THCur resulting from complexation with zinc. Together, this data indicates the complexation of zinc with tetrahydrocurcumin is consistent with zinc linking two molecules of tetrahydrocurcumin together by binding to the enol forms of the 1,3-diketone moieties located in the linker regions between the aromatic rings.
Conclusion: The spectral properties of the tetrahydrocurcumin-zinc complex are consistent with a structure in which zinc is encased in two tetrahydrocurcumin moieties. Additional studies are needed to determine if this structure results in altered bioavailability, antioxidant activity and other properties important for pharmaceutical development.
Plant Growth Promoting Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus australimaris BLR41 and Enterobacter kobei BLR45 Enhance the Growth of Medicinal Plant Barleria lupulina Lindl.
Authors: Kumar Nikhil , Dubey Ramesh Chandra
Published: November 2022

A total of 50 root colonising bacterial endophytes were identified from a medicinal plant in this investigation (Barleria lupulina), and characterized based on morphologically selected isolates, BLR41 were Gram-negative motile, rod-shaped and BLR45 was Gram-positive, rod-shaped, and light yellow in color. The BLR41 isolate was motile and the BLR45 was positive for indole. The strains BLR41 and BLR45 were positive for citrate, amylase, protease, and lipase. Among all the isolates, BLR41 and BLR45 exhibited higher enzymatic test positive in citrate, amylase lipase, and protease. Furthermore, PGP efficacy as maximum production of zinc in BLR41 isolate and phosphate solubilization in BLR45. Solubilization of the highest zinc (2.80 μg/mL) was obtained by the isolate BLR41, followed by BLR23 and then BLR35. The highest level of phosphate (2.60 μg/mL) was recorded with the BLR45, followed by the BLR07 and BLR18. A consortium of bacterial strains performed better results than individual inoculation. The isolate BLR41 and BLR45 were identified as Bacillus australimaris and Enterobacter kobei following the 16S rRNA sequencing. Among all, seed germination was induced by 93% in consortium BLR41+BLR45, compared to control (T1). An increase in the shoot length by 30% was recorded with the treatment of BLR41+BRL45, BLR41 increase (54%), and BLR45 (35%), respectively. On the other hand, the consortium of mixed cultures, BLR41+BLR45, showed an increased fresh and the weight of dry 65% and 58%. The findings of this study indicate that the consortium of B. australimaris BLR41 and E. kobei BLR45 significantly enhances plant growth in the Pot experiment by zinc and phosphate solubilization properties.
Казанское архитектурное наследие в европейском дискурсе XIX века: художественная интерпретация в творчестве британца Эдварда Турнерелли и француза Андре Дюрана
Authors: Нугманова Гульчачак
Published: November 2022

Традиция визуализации страны через художественные виды её городов пришла в Россию вместе с распространением в ней европейских ценностей и культуры. В XVIII веке эти служившие целям репрезентации империи визуальные практики осуществлялись посредством финансируемых правительством экспедиций. В XIX веке – веке путешествий, литографии городских изображений стали массовым явлением. Их востребованность способствовала развитию частных инициатив по созданию альбомов с «видами», которые позволяли путешествовать, не выходя из дома, и знакомили с далёкими и неизвестными городами. В этом отношении Россия представляла для европейцев большой интерес: «Россия хуже известна, чем Индия, её меньше описывали и реже рисовали», – писал в 1839 году французский путешественник Астольф де Кюстин в своей известной книге «Россия в 1839 году». Тем более неведомой и загадочной была для них Казань, о которой мало что знали и в самой России.

В фокусе внимания настоящей статьи – графические изображения Казани и её окрестностей, запечатлённые британцем Эдвардом Турнерелли и французом Андре Дюраном во второй половине 1830-х годов в разгар интереса Европы к её христианским окраинам и дивному мусульманскому Востоку. Городские виды, как правило, привлекаемые в качестве иллюстраций к архитектурно-градостроительным процессам, стали в данном случае предметом исследования, ставившего своей целью «прочитать» созданный европейскими видописцами визуальный текст, понять, как они конструировали локальный архитектурный образ, презентуя Казань своему европейскому зрителю, миру и самой России.

Финансирование. Исследование выполнено за счёт средств государственной программы Российской Федерации«Научно-технологическое развитие Российской Федерации» на 2021–2030 годы в рамках Плана фундаментальных научных исследований РААСН и Минстроя России на 2022 год, тема № 1.2.3.1 «Архитетура российской провинции XIX – начала XX века в воспоминаниях и изображениях современников. Казанское поволжье».
Методология и методика проектирования благоустройства и озеленения исторических городов
Authors: Елена Беляева
Published: November 2022

Во второй части статьи рассматриваются методологические аспекты создания специализированной методики проектирования благоустройства исторических городов, особенности многофакторных многокритериальных оценок, решения практических задач. Обосновано использование картографических методов для комплексной оценки объектов и территорий с применением экспертных оценок и шкалирования. Показаны перспективы разработки специализированной методики проектирования в форме информационно-аналитических моделей для стадий предпроектных исследований и «проект», обосновано использование моделей в отраслевых ГИС. Приводятся примеры моделей для разработки проектов благоустройства исторических кварталов и природно-исторических территорий.
DELINEATING THE RHETORIC? THE INTERSECTION OF RETRIBUTIVE AND RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN INTERNATIONAL SENTENCING
Authors: O. Oyewole Oriola
Published: November 2022

A large and growing body of literature has investigated victim participation at the International Criminal Court. Hence, an increasing body of published studies describes victims' role during victim participation and its evolution. However, literature is scarce on managing victims' rights and interests during sentencing and the impact of victims' involvement on sentencing decisions. For example, victims have interests in reparations, justice, truth and sentencing. The knowledge of restorative justice in criminal sentencing is important for an understanding of how victims navigate criminal trials, especially regarding their perceptions of the sentencing. Using a case analysis, this article critically examines the interaction of retributive and restorative justice vis-à-vis victims position during sentence hearings and reviews.

Abstrak: Sejumlah besar literatur telah menyelidiki partisipasi korban di Pengadilan Kriminal Internasional. Oleh karena itu, semakin banyak penelitian yang diterbitkan menggambarkan peran korban selama partisipasi korban dan evolusinya. Namun, literatur tentang pengelolaan hak dan kepentingan korban selama hukuman dan dampak keterlibatan korban pada keputusan hukuman masih terbatas. Misalnya, korban memiliki kepentingan dalam reparasi, keadilan, kebenaran dan hukuman. Pengetahuan tentang keadilan restoratif dalam pemidanaan penting untuk memahami bagaimana korban menjalani persidangan pidana, terutama mengenai persepsi mereka tentang hukuman. Dengan menggunakan analisis kasus, artikel ini secara kritis mengkaji interaksi keadilan retributif dan restoratif vis-à-vis posisi korban selama pemeriksaan dan peninjauan hukuman.

Kata Kunci: Hukuman Internasional, Pemidanaan, Reintegrasi, Korban, Pengurangan Hukuman, Keadilan Restoratif.
Successful Reconstructive Surgery for Facial Deformity Caused by Paederus fuscipes: An Illustrative Case Report
Authors: Noordin Rusni , Ibne Walid Anis Marlina , Yeop Ismail Muhammad Ridwan , Jamal Din Shah Kamal Khan
Published: November 2022

Full thickness skin graft is a simple and reliable method for closure of small facial wound defect. A thorough understanding of how a skin graft heals and how to perform the procedure is essential for successful outcome. We report the use of full thickness skin graft in a wound closure of a facial skin defect caused by Paederus fuscipes, locally known as charlie. An 8-year old boy developed blister and painful swelling over his right cheek following skin contact with charlie. This lesion gradually became extensive, eventually leading to tissue loss and facial wound defect. A full thickness skin grafting was performed with satisfactory functional and excellent aesthetic result.
A systematic literature review on the effects of synthesis conditions to the physicochemical properties of activated carbons and their performance in methylene blue adsorption
Authors: Nasaruddin Ricca Rahman
Published: November 2022

This systematic literature review (SLR) describes the trend of study in activated carbons (ACs) from various biomass sources, specifically coconut shell, rice husks, and bamboo, for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). Data acquisition and extraction from online databases were performed to review and discusses the effects of the synthesis parameters (i.e., carbonization temperature and holding time) to the physicochemical properties of the synthesized ACs (i.e., surface area, pore volume) and the effects of physicochemical properties to the MD adsorption. The SLR shows that the carbonization temperatures significantly affect the surface area and pore volume of ACs synthesized from coconut shells and rice husks, while ACs synthesized from bamboo were significantly influenced by the holding time. MB adsorption by ACs from all three biomasses increased with the increasing surface area and pore volume. This SLR could be a guideline to the synthesis ACs from biomass for the removal of dye in wastewater.
Scrap Gold Recovery: Recycling, Fabrication and Electrochemical Characterization of Low-Cost Gold Electrode
Authors: Al Mamun Mohammad , Abdul Wahab Yasmin , Hossain Hossain , Hashem Abu , Johan Mohd Rafie
Published: November 2022

As a noble metal, gold is considered the most popular material in electrocatalysis. In spite of that, this metal is a highly expensive material in the manufacture of low-cost appliances. In the present work, scrap gold, produced in jewellery as waste, is introduced as a low-cost resource of gold to be recycled. A gold electrode was fabricated by connecting the tablet shaped recycled gold with copper wire inserting into a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube. The manufactured electrodes are easily renewable, modifiable with nanomaterials and show excellent electrochemical characteristics in presence of redox species. The CV (cyclic voltammetry), DPV (differential pulse voltammetry), and EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopic) analysis data also infer that the developed recycled gold-based electrodes would be suitable for the development of low-cost electrocatalytic sensors devices.
GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES IN Macaca fascicularis LIVING IN TWO URBAN AREAS OF MALAYSIA
Authors: Tuan Said Sharifah Aminah , Vejayan Jaya , Mohd Zulkeffli Nur A’fiefah , Agustar Hani Kartini
Published: November 2022

Macaca fascicularis or commonly known as long-tailed macaques, are nonhuman primates that are increasingly vulnerable in becoming natural reservoirs for many microorganisms including gastrointestinal (GI) parasites, largely due to anthropogenic activities. This study was conducted to detect and compare GI parasites in M. fascicularis found in densely urbanized settings. The fecal samples of the long-tailed macaques were collected at a public university campus (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi) and a tourist site (Bukit Melawati, Kuala Selangor). A total of 80 fecal samples were collected: 50 at the university campus, and the remaining samples from the tourist site. The fecal samples were processed by flotation techniques to include the GI parasites and then were subjected to morphological analysis to identify important taxonomy keys under microscopic magnification. A total of 139 parasites were identified from both locations and classified into 5 phylums and 17 families. Among the 139 parasites, 33 parasites were grouped into 6 genus of GI parasites. Among the gastrointestinal parasites that were identified from both study sites, three parasites were zoonotic namely Strongyloids spp., Trichostrongylus spp. and Trichuris spp. Results showed that the diversity index of GI parasites was higher at the university campus compared to the tourist site with Simpson’s Index values of 0.953 and 0.880, respectively, while the Shannon’s Index values were 3.282 and 2.399, respectively. This research revealed that there are more parasite infections in the long-tailed macaques in the campus surroundings compared to those found in the tourist site. Therefore, it is highly suggested that authority intervention by translocating the long-tailed macaques elsewhere is necessary to avoid prolonged contact and possible parasite transmission to humans, and if any parasitic infections occur, appropriate medication such as anthelmintic drugs should be readily available at the university campus clinics.
A WAITING TIME-BASED BULLY ALGORITHM FOR LEADER NODE SELECTION IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS
Authors: Anwar Md. Navid Bin , Nahar Afroza , Md. Nashid Kamal , Shuvo Mehedi Hasan
Published: November 2022

In distributed systems, a single node (referred to as a leader) coordinates all other nodes to ensure synchronization. If this node fails, another node in the system must adopt the role of leader. The classic bully algorithm suffers from some significant drawbacks, such as excessive message passing, a redundant number of election calls, and uncertainties over message delivery. The enhanced bully algorithm is one of the most recent improvements of this algorithm. However, this algorithm performs poorly in average- and worst-case scenarios. In this paper, a novel waiting time-based algorithm is proposed to improve the enhanced bully algorithm for electing a new leader during such critical scenarios. In this algorithm, if a single or multiple number of nodes discover that the leader has failed, it does not broadcast instantly. Rather, it waits for a certain period, and this waiting time is assigned to the nodes according to their load. After the timeout, the node sends its message and starts the election process. Moreover, it restricts nodes from unnecessary message passing and stops any redundant election calls. Accordingly, this algorithm detects the failure of the leader node more precisely and elects a new leader more quickly.
ARDUINO BASED SMART SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM
Authors: V Vinoth Kumar , G Sasikala
Published: November 2022

The continuous monitoring system of the photo voltaic solar based energy model is currently highly crucial to monitor the overall performance and other related characteristics of energy solar energy systems from remote locations. For this, data loggers also play a vital role. These technologies are highly important to identify any malfunctions inherent in PV based solar energy systems. The proposed IoT based system is useful to obtain real time data from PV based solar energy systems from remote areas. An Arduino ATMEGA16 microcontroller was used to acquire real time data from the system, which is incorporated with the blynk app to transmit real time data to the destination through a webpage. The proposed system consists of a PV based solar system, Arduino controller board Wi-Fi module and the blynk app, in order obtain and transmit data from any remote location. We have developed a cost effective IoT based Smart monitoring system for PV based solar energy applications to monitor the various characteristics and performance of the system, as well as to carry out preventive maintenance and fault detection.
Applicant Evaluation of Residency Programs in a Virtual Format: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Tout Wala , Oyola Sonia , Sharif Zakaria , VanGompel Emily White
Published: November 2022

Background and Objectives: The first all-virtual residency application cycle took place in 2021. Virtual programming can reduce cost, time, and travel burden; these may be especially beneficial to applicants with fewer resources and those from underrepresented backgrounds (URM). Little is known about how applicants evaluate key ranking factors, especially in a virtual format. This study aimed to assess how applicants evaluated programs in the virtual cycle.
Methods: We surveyed 271 fourth-year students at three Chicago medical schools after rank-list submission and prior to receiving match results in March 2021. The survey included questions on online content and importance of different ranking factors as well as open-ended questions on how participants evaluated their most important factors. We analyzed quantitative data using descriptive statistics and χ2 tests. We analyzed qualitative data using thematic content analysis.
Results: Applicants cited goodness of fit, geographic location, program reputation, fellowship opportunities, and work/life balance as the top-five most important factors. URM applicants were more likely to prioritize diversity at institution or location (P<.0001). Interactions with residents and faculty and opportunities to observe interprogram dynamics were key to assessing fit but were often limited by the virtual format. Additional emergent themes provided recommendations for future cycles. Program websites and videos were rated as the most important online content types.
Conclusions: This study provides information about how applicants evaluated the factors they deemed most important in assessing and ranking programs, which can help residency programs improve their recruitment efforts.
Evaluation of the Virtual Interviews for Resident Recruitment Due to COVID-19 Travel Restrictions: A Nationwide Survey of US Senior Medical Students
Authors: Ponterio Jane M. , Levy Lior , Lakhi Nisha A.
Published: November 2022

Background and Objectives: Due to COVID-19, residency programs could not conduct in-person interviews during the 2020-2021 match and were forced to implement a virtual format. We conducted a nationwide survey of US senior medical students to evaluate their perception of the virtual interview process and to solicit their recommendations for future virtual interview best practices.
Methods: This study was administered to US fourth-year medical students currently participating in the residency match using Survey Monkey during March 2021. Students were contacted through their respective student affairs deans. Surveys solicited demographic information, 26 4-point Likert-scale questions, and four free-response questions.
Results: A total of 357 surveys were completed. Most respondents stated that they could confidently represent themselves to the program (71.7%) using a virtual platform. However, only 11.6% stated that they could confidently assess a program’s facility using a virtual platform. Although most respondents (58.26%) found that virtual meet and greets helped them better assess their fit for the program, less than half (46%) confidently believed they could assess their fit into the program after the conclusion of the virtual interview. Regarding potential disparities introduced by virtual interviews, 40.6% believed that the virtual interviews introduce greater inequalities into the match process. Two-thirds of respondents (239, 66.95%), believed that there should be a limit on the number of interview offers an applicant can accept, with the maximum number of interviews per specialty capped at 25.7 (10-150). Finally, just over two-thirds (69.47%), claimed they could confidently prepare their rank-order list at the conclusion of the interview.
Conclusions: Most respondents found virtual interviews financially beneficial, however difficulty in assessing fit was a challenge. Best practice recommendations from the respondents include shorter interviews, more engaging resident-led social hours without faculty present, and preinterview packages to include video representations of the program facilities.
Experiencia y rememoración. Un aporte a la pedagogía a partir de Walter Benjamín
Authors: Fonti Diego , Baudagna Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

Walter Benjamín nos ha provisto de una creativa semántica y práctica en torno a la experiencia y a la memoria. Ambas asumen características particulares en su obra, que las distingue de otras nociones y experiencias cercanas. A partir de la pregunta por su rol en la educación, este trabajo se propone abordarlas teniendo en cuenta, en primer lugar, la concepción de memoria en relación con la experiencia y la práctica de rememorar. En segundo lugar, expondremos su vínculo con la narración a partir de imágenes o nociones que, en Benjamin, implican una relación con la interrupción del tiempo y el sorprendente ingreso de aspectos provenientes de la herencia religiosa. En tercer lugar, recuperaremos el interés de Benjamin por los pequeños objetos, que operan, en la experiencia, un acicate para la rememoración. Finalmente, y a modo de conclusión, propondremos algunas relaciones fundamentales entre estos tres momentos y la educación.
Persuasion or Manipulation: A Critical Discourse Study of Al-Aswany’s Political Op-ed Post-Revolution Articles (2011-2014)
Authors: AbdelFattah Mona A. S.
Published: November 2022

The study is concerned with Al-Aswany’s political opinion articles that
have been published since 2011 until 2014. The study investigates
whether Al-Aswany persuades or manipulates the reader. Using VanDijk’s
model, presuppositions as well as the directives in Hyland’s model of
interaction, the study aims at analyzing how Al-Aswany manipulates the
reader. Moreover, the study is set to find out whether a correlation
between the use of directives and manipulation exists.  The data used,
in this study, are drawn from Al-Aswany’s opinion articles that have
been published in Al-Masry Al-Youm newspaper. The researcher has
selected two articles from each year: 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014.
Leakage in Fluorescence Angiography Secondary to Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment, A Case Report
Authors: Rajeh Ataa , Alhasid Hassan , Alfakir Abdulrahman , Askar Mohammad , Kassom Amal , Serhan Hashem Abu
Published: November 2022

The detection of leakage in fluorescence angiography (FA) could delay
the diagnosis of retinal detachments (RDs). We reported a case of RD in
a seven-year-old boy with positive leakage on FA which confused the
presentation. A thorough contact lens examination and scleral
indentation are mandatory to reach the diagnosis easily.
Demographic fluctuations and selection during host-parasite coevolution interactively increase genetic diversity
Authors: Pennec Guénolé Le , Retel Cas , Kowallik Vienna , Becks Lutz , Feulner Philine
Published: November 2022

Host-parasite interactions can cause strong demographic fluctuations
accompanied by selective sweeps of resistance/infectivity alleles. Both
demographic bottlenecks and frequent sweeps are expected to reduce the
amount of segregating genetic variation and therefore might constrain
adaption during coevolution. Recent studies, however, suggest that the
interaction of demographic and selective processes is a key component of
coevolutionary dynamics and may rather positively affect levels of
genetic diversity available for adaptation. Here, we provide direct
experimental testing of this hypothesis by disentangling the effect of
demography, selection, and of their interaction in an experimental
host-parasite system. We grew 12 populations of unicellular algae
(Chlorella variabilis) that experienced either growth followed by
constant population sizes (3 populations), demographic fluctuations (3
populations), selection induced by exposure to a virus (3 populations),
or demographic fluctuations together with virus-induced selection (3
populations). After 50 days, we conducted whole-genome sequencing of
each algal population. We observed more genetic diversity in populations
that jointly experienced selection and demographic fluctuations than in
populations where these processes were experimentally separated. In
addition, in those 3 populations that jointly experienced selection and
demographic fluctuations, experimentally measured diversity exceeds
expected values of diversity that account for the cultures’ population
sizes. Our results suggest that eco-evolutionary feedbacks can
positively affect genetic diversity and provide the necessary empirical
measures to guide further improvements of theoretical models of
adaptation during host-parasite coevolution.
Examining the changing role of industry diversity in patent applicants in China, 2001-2021
Authors: Yuan Yujun
Published: November 2022

Based on 2001-2021 panel data, this paper uses ESDA to reveal the
spatial distribution characteristics of patent applicants in China, and
applies panel regressions to estimate influencing factors. It reveals
that the distribution of patent applicants in China is strongly uneven,
with hotspots being Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl
River Delta, cold spots being central, western and northeastern regions.
In spatial regression, three key variables all have significant positive
influences on patent applicants, and moderating effect of ‘Industrial
diversity’ is also significantly positive. The spatial regression
coefficient lambda is significantly positive, indicating a spatial
spillover effect.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the mandible mimicking post-extraction complication Presentation and a 5-year follow-up of a rare case report
Authors: Chaabani Imen , Sioud Sameh , Kammoun Rym , Ayachi Samia , Sriha Badreddine , Alaya Touhami Ben
Published: November 2022

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies
originating from the lymphoid tissues, which can be differentiated by
distinct epidemiology, etiology, and clinical characteristics. They can
occur in the lymph nodes or as extranodal lesions. The vast majority of
extranodal oral NHLs are classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphomas
(DLBCL). They are usually found in the maxilla and they rarely occur in
the mandible. The aim of this paper was to report a case of NHL with
mandibular location by detailing its different clinical, radiological,
and histopathological aspects. Herein, we report a case of NHL in the
under chin region of the mandible in a 66-year-old male patient. The
first diagnosis was post-extraction complication with delayed bone
healing. The clinical and standard radiological examinations had no
pathognomonic features. However, left labio-chin hypoesthesia and CT
examination revealed a malignancy of the lesion without any precision.
After performing further diagnostic examinations, including a subsequent
biopsy, diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was made. The
patient was therefore treated with chemotherapy and he showed a
satisfactory outcome for more than 5 years. Intraoral lymphomas may
mimic odontogenic lesions; hence it is important for the dentist to be
aware of the various manifestations of NHL to avoid delay and
inappropriate treatment strategies.
A COMPACT SIZE HIGH FREQUENCY RECONFIGURABLE MONOPOLE ANTENNA FOR MULTIBAND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Kuriakose Jerry , Jacob Sunil , Joseph Saira
Published: November 2022

This paper describes a small and simple patch antenna that can operate
in multiple nodes. Initially, the fifth generation (5G) of portable
networks seeks to provide more efficient and precise interaction while
also increasing internet bandwidth in the sub-6 GHz frequency range. As
wireless communication technology advances, the demand for numerous
wireless broadband in a particular system takes improved quickly, and
traditional transmitters are no longer able to satisfy this new rule of
cellular systems. The most popular approach for meeting this criterion
is to create an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna. Multi-band transmitters,
on the contrary side, are an option. Wide-band or multi-band
transmitters, on either hand, have a fixed operating frequency spectrum,
which is a significant disadvantage. Even though using higher antenna
sizes in conjunction with sophisticated structures adds a lot of
complexity to the system, it limits its compact size and mass
production. When creating an antenna, the effective length is an
important quantity that is used to determine the radiation resistance
and power. While existing research employs various types of stubs to
extend the effective length of the antenna, there is still a restriction
to attaining the high band frequency. Thus, to overcome all the above
limitations in the existing methods, our proposed method designed a
Compact Size High-Frequency Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna for
Multiband- Multi-Mode Presentations. This research also proposes the
active dimension of the monopole antenna is increased by using two
circular stubs joined at the antenna’s edges. Overall, we outperform all
other current strategies utilising our one-of-a-kind proposed strategy.