bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O REFLEXO DA SUCESSÃO FAMILIAR DA ZONA RURAL NAS RELAÇÕES COOPERATIVISTAS: O CASO DE UMA COOPERATIVA AGROINDUSTRIAL
Authors: Moreira Vilmar Rodrigues , Cecato Ailton José , Borges Carlo Renato , Weymer Alex Sandro Quadros
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar de que maneira as decisões sobre sucessão familiar de jovens agricultores podem influenciar nas relações cooperativistas. A estratégia de pesquisa escolhida foi o survey, com um corte transversal de temporalidade, por meio de um questionário estruturado como instrumento de coleta de dados composto por perguntas objetivas e de múltiplas escolhas direcionado a jovens agricultores, permitindo análises que foram complementadas a partir da  aplicação de entrevista semiestruturada direcionada à Cooperativa Agroindustrial Consolata Ltda. Foi possível concluir que, na região estudada, está emergindo uma geração de agricultores que terá um maior nível de profissionalização, com aumento da presença feminina no campo, trabalhando com propriedades maiores e mais diversificadas. Essa realidade deverá produzir reflexos nas relações cooperativistas, uma vez que as expectativas e aspirações destes futuros associados serão diferentes das expectativas dos fundadores da Cooperativa.
EVOLUÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Defante Lilliane Renata , Vilpoux Olivier , Sauer Leandro
Published: May 2023

A pesquisa analisou a expansão da cana-de-açúcar no Brasil e no Mato Grosso do Sul. Foram utilizados dados de revisão bibliográfica e consultas em bases de dados, como o SIDRA_IBGE e o SIGAMS, página da Associação dos Produtores de Soja de Mato Grosso do Sul. A área plantada cresceu 500% entre 2004 e 2014. A expansão da cana-de-açúcar aconteceu em áreas antes ocupadas pela pecuária e pode ser explicada pela escassez de terra nas principais regiões produtores de cana e a disponibilidade de terra no estado. Mais de 75% da cana-de-açúcar processada pelas 22 usinas do estado vai para etanol. A agroindústria canavieira contribuiu para a modernização da agricultura do estado. Para se manter competitivas, as culturas de milho e soja aumentaram suas produtividades de 13,4% e 6%, respectivamente, entre 2006 e 2015 e o número de bois abatidos aumentou 6%, enquanto a área diminuiu 8,14%.
INTENSIDADE TECNOLÓGICA NA INDÚSTRIA E PIB PER CAPITA: UM ESTUDO DAS MESORREGIÕES SUL-BRASILEIRAS NO PERÍODO 2002-2012
Authors: Stefenon Rafael , Bourscheidt Deise Maria , Sandeski Wilian
Published: May 2023

A estrutura produtiva de uma região importa em sua dinâmica de desenvolvimento econômico, sendo a indústria considerada o motor deste processo devido seus efeitos dinamizadores. Um destes efeitos refere-se à capacidade de o setor industrial incorporar e difundir progresso técnico através das diferentes inovações tecnológicas que ocorrem no interior das firmas e que se espalham para todo o sistema econômico. Neste contexto, este artigo discute a relação entre intensidade tecnológica na indústria e diferenciais de PIB per capita entre as mesorregiões dos estados da região Sul do Brasil no período 2002-2012. Os resultados apontam a existência de correlação positiva entre PIB per capita e participação industrial no PIB, sobretudo de atividades intensivas em tecnologia. A pesquisa mostra, também, que as mesorregiões Sul-brasileiras aumentaram no período a participação de atividades industriais de alta, média-alta e média baixa tecnologia em detrimento de atividades de baixa tecnologia.
REVISÃO SISTEMATIZADA SOBRE TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO NO BRASIL E NO MUNDO UTILIZANDO A BASE SCOPUS
Authors: Dantier Rui Manuel Pinto , Shimoya Aldo , Shimoda Eduardo , Ribeiro Kíssila da Conceição , Batista Fabio Barbosa , Erthal Junior Milton
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão sistematizada, que possibilite gerar debates e identificar o estado da arte sobre o tema “transporte público” utilizando a base Scopus para verificar as tendências e a evolução das publicações. Na pesquisa, foi observado que o primeiro artigo data de 1945 e que, a partir do ano 2000, o número de artigos cresceu exponencialmente, chegando a 740, em 2016. Os países que mais publicaram sobre o tema foram Reino Unido (13,9%) e Estados Unidos (9,3%). O Brasil ocupa atualmente a 17ª lugar no ranking, com 1,5% dos artigos publicados no mundo. A instituição “The University of Sydney” foi a que mais publicou artigos (152), seguida da “Delft University os Technology” (102). No Brasil, o destaque é para a Universidade de São Paulo, com 18 artigos publicados. Foi realizado também o levantamento dos principais autores, periódicos e áreas de publicação.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A ATIVIDADE LEITEIRA NO MUNICÍPIO DE PATO BRANCO NO SUDOESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Malagi Cleverson , Marini Marcos Junior
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é levantar as políticas públicas desenvolvidas pelo Poder Público em relação à atividade leiteira do município de Pato Branco, abordando aspectos socioeconômicos e a influência da atividade leiteira para o desenvolvimento endógeno. Utilizou-se um estudo de caso, a partir de uma pesquisa quantiqualitativa. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se fontes secundárias a partir da consulta em bases governamentais. Os resultados demonstram que a maior atuação em termos de políticas públicas é realizada pelo próprio município por meio da Secretaria de Agricultura. Em relação ao desenvolvimento endógeno local, a atividade leiteira é forte indutora, contribuindo de forma considerável na questão socioeconômica. Constatou-se ainda que a atividade demanda de maior organização local. Por outro lado, observa-se uma constante expansão da atividade leiteira no Município com grandes ganhos de produção e renda. Como estudos futuros, sugere-se identificar o conjunto participante desta possível rede leiteria, bem como, seus níveis de relacionamentos.
Efisiensi Pemasaran Karet Menggunakan Formula Deorub dan Asam Sulfat di Kecamatan Sembawa Kabupaten Banyuasin
Authors: Sutarmin Sutarmin , Purba Yudhi Zuriah Wirya
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan  menganalisis saluran pemasaran karet yang memiliki nilai efisiensi paling tinggi menggunakan formula deorub dan asam sulfat di Kecamatan Sembawa Kabupaten Banyuasin.  Dalam penelitian ini  penarikan contoh yang digunakan adalah metode acak berlapis tak berimbang (Disproportionate Stratified Random Sampling), dimana sampel diambil secara acak pada setiap strata dengan persentase yang tidak sama. Metode ini digunakan karena anggota populasi tidak sejenis (Kusniawati, 2010) dimana petani yang menggunakan formula deorub dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 160 orang petani dan 120 orang petani yang menggunakan formula asam sulfat, sehingga jumlah sempel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini masing-masing sebanyak 48 orang petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa saluran pemasaran karet formula asam sulfat lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan menggunakan  formula deorub.
ANALISA EFISIENSI SALURAN PEMASARAN GABAH DI KECAMATAN SUMBER MARGA TELANG KABUPATEN BANYUASIN
Authors: Ahmadi Nur , Utami Dian
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi pola saluran pemasaran dan efisiensi sertastruktur pasar gabah petani di Kecamatan Sumber Marga Telang Kabupaten Banyuasin Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan  metode survey pada tiga desa terpilih dengan mewawancarai 45 sampel dari 291 Kelompok tani padi. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk menganalisis saluran pemasaran dan struktur pasar, sedangkan efisiensi pemasaran dilakukan secara kuantittif dengan model matematis. Pemilihan desa sampel dilakukan secara sengaja dengan mempertimbangkan tiga desa yang paling tinggi produksi padinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat dua saluran pemasaran padi di Kecamatan Sumber MargaTelang dengan saluran pemasaran dominan atau 98 persen petani menjual hasil panen ke pedagang pengumpul, kemudian pedagang pengumpul menjual hasil produksi ke pedagang besar, sisanya petani menjual langsung ke pedagang besar. Pedagang besar adalah pengusaha yang mengolah gabah menjadi beras bermerek. Saluran pemasaran yang paling efisien yaitu di Desa Karang Anyar karena memiliki margin pemasaran dan rasio keuntungan paling rendah serta farmer’s share paling tinggi
ANALISIS POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN SAPI POTONG - INTEGRASI DENGAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT PADA DESA KORPORASI SAPI (DKS) DI KECAMATAN AIR KUMBANG KABUPATEN BANYUASIN
Authors: Daud Faizal , Suhartini Suhartini
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi pengembangan sapi potong-integrasi dengan perkebunan kelapa sawit pada Desa Korporasi Sapi di Kecamatan Air Kumbang Kabupaten Banyuasin. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di 5 (lima) desa di Kecamatan Air Kumbang, Kabupaten Banyuasin. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dan responden adalah peternak Desa Korporasi Sapi yang diambil sebanyak 50 orang responden. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1)Desa Korporasi Sapi (DKS) mempunyai potensi yang cukup signifikan dalam melakukan pengembangan sapi potong – integrasi dengan perkebunan kelapa sawit untuk mencukupi pemenuhan kebutuhan daging sapi di Kecamatan Air Kumbang Kabupaten Banyuasin. (2)Peternak dan pihak perkebunan kelapa sawit bekerjasama dalam melaksanakan integrasi sapi dengan ketentuan peternak tidak menggembalakan sapinya (sistem pemeliharaan intensif) sehingga peternak dapat memanfaatkan hijauan antara tanaman yang tumbuh di areal perkebunan.
Modelagem epidemiológica determinística sobre dados de HIV/AIDS no município de Castanhal-PA entre os anos de 2000 e 2013
Authors: Almeida Frayzer Lima , Teixeira Edyvana G. S.
Published: May 2023

Neste trabalho aplicamos o modelo epidemiológico determinístico, SI (suscetíveis, infectados), sobre dados reais de HIV/AIDS no município de Castanhal-Pa, entre os anos de 2000 e 2013, o qual foi modelado e solucionado pelo método numérico de Runge-Kutta de 3a ordem. Para realizar as simulações computacionais, implementamos o método de Runge-Kutta no Ambiente OCTAVE, assim como o modelo determinístico SI. Os parâmetros do modelo determinístico SI, proposto, foram determinados a partir dos referidos dados reais de HIV/AIDS. As soluções numéricas dos suscetíveis e infectados aproximaram-se aos dados reais, respectivamente, os quais foram cedidos pelo Centro Especializado em Assistência a Doenças Infecto Contagiosas (CEADIC), validando assim a metodologia acima proposta. Desenvolvemos análises qualitativas sobre o modelo determinístico SI, o qual apresentou dois pontos de equilíbrios, sendo o primeiro chamado de nó instável e o segundo de ponto de sela. A partir das soluções numéricas foi possível compreender a dinâmica do HIV/AIDS no município de Castanhal-Pa, ou seja, constatamos que a solução de infectados no município possui crescimento exponencial, já a solução de suscetíveis apresenta crescimento polinomial. Além disso, e a partir da solução de infectados, foi possível calcular previsões de novos casos de HIV/AIDS no referido município.
Impactos del COVID-19 en la salud mental en universitarios de Paraguay
Authors: Cáceres-González Claudia , Budian Raluca Cosmina , González-Rojas Hugo Andrés , Brítez-Silvero Juan de la Cruz , Ferrari Enzo
Published: May 2023

Los trastornos de salud mental tienen impacto significativo sobre la calidad de vida de las personas, y la pandemia del COVID-19 incrementó estos problemas. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar los factores de mayor riesgo asociados a la sintomatología de trastornos de salud mental en estudiantes de las universidades públicas y privadas como impacto del COVID-19. Es un estudio cuantitativo de diseño no experimental y corte transversal. Se administró el DASS-21 a una muestra de 833 estudiantes de universidades de Paraguay, con una media de edad de 22,7 años. Para el análisis de datos se realizó una regresión logística ordinal. Los resultados hallados ponen de manifiesto que los factores de mayor riesgo asociados a depresión, ansiedad y/o estrés son: disponer de antecedentes familiares, ser estudiantes de Medicina, ser mujer y de rango etario más joven. A partir de estos hallazgos se considera necesaria la promoción de la salud mental y una intervención temprana de las personas universitarias, mediante el acompañamiento psicológico y/o psiquiátrico, en específico, en las estudiantes mujeres y estudiantes del grado de medicina.
Terapización y emociones en la puesta en práctica de políticas de ASE en la escuela
Authors: Bonhomme Manriquez Alfonso , Schöngut-Grollmus Nicolás
Published: May 2023

Desde su introducción, el concepto de inteligencia emocional ha motivado el desarrollo de estudios orientados a demostrar la importancia de las emociones y la posibilidad de convertirlas en capacidades posibles de ser desarrolladas y/o entrenadas. Este estudio analizó la forma en que las y los profesionales encargados de poner en práctica políticas e iniciativas de Aprendizaje Social y Emocional (ASE) en establecimientos educativos chilenos, han significado lo emocional al operacionalizar dichos procesos. Mediante entrevistas narrativas en profundidad a 12 actores de enseñanza básica (directores, psicólogos y psicólogas educacionales, encargados y encargadas de convivencia, profesores y profesoras jefe), se evidencia que los significados de lo emocional se imbrican en los modos de abordar políticas de ASE que se basan en un ethos terapéutico-cultural manifestado en la terapización del espacio educativo, con el propósito de educar en una particular manera de hablar sobre las emociones y en clave afectiva, favoreciendo el desarrollo de un estilo introspectivo/afectivo. Se discuten las implicancias de entender el desarrollo socio-emocional como el de un tipo de habla, así como los problemas de extender las lógicas terapéuticas a los espacios escolares.
Tafsir Ayat-Ayat Neurosains Pendidikan Islam: Telaah Tafsir Salman atas Konsep Nashiyah dalam Surat Al-Alaq
Authors: Asrini Vivi Indri , Suyadi Suyadi
Published: May 2023

Perkembangan tafsir dari masa ke masa mengalami perkembangan, sebab para mufasir selalu memiliki pandangan tentang penafsiran Al-Qur’an, salah satu dalam surat Al-Alaq tentang Nasiyah yang membahas tentang otak, maka dari itu artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep Nasiyah dalam Tafsir Salman yang terdapat dalam QS. Al-Alaq ayat [96]: 15-16. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan menggunakan pendekataan kepustakaan (library research). Teknik pengumpulan data melalui dokumentasi dan pengumpulan data-data yang berkaitan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan, sedangkan teknik analisis data dilakukan secara hermeneutik. Hasil dari penelitian ini yakni mengargumentasikan bahwa istilah kata dari Nasiyah telah muncul sejak lama sebelum Al-Qur’an diturunkan sedangkan istilah dari otak baru muncul pada abad ke-19. Maka dari itu, tidak mengherankan jika interpretasi klasik belum menggunakan pendekatan ilmu saraf  (neurosaintifik) untuk memahami Nasiyah dan neurosains memiliki sejarah ilmiah yang begitu panjang, terutama dalam tradisi pemikiran Islam baik secara klasik maupun pemikiran Islam secara modern. Mengingat konsep-konsep pendidikan Islam yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus yang bersifat normatif dalam wilayah metafisik ketuhanan, yang belum berpijak pada bidang keilmuan sehingga masih sulit untuk diimplementasikan ke ranah pragmatis amalyyah.
‘SOCIAL MEDIA ARE NOT NECESSARY FOR OUR WORK’. SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE PRACTICES BY PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS. A GREEK CASE STUDY
Authors: Chiou Vana , Sideri Maria
Published: May 2023

Social media implementation in teaching still faces restrictions due to institutional, pedagogical and social factors that affect teachers and academics’ attitude. This research explores teachers’ social media usage practices that contribute to teaching preparation taking place “out of the classroom”, since social media are not officially implemented in Greek education system. Teachers (n=121) of primary schools in Mytilene, Greece, were selected as case study. Research findings show that the majority of teachers, although using social media, do not generally utilize them for educational purposes and when this happens it refers mostly to search for educational content than post their own. Considering that younger teachers, teachers holding M.Sc. and Ph.D. and those familiar with ICT are shown to get more involved with the practices investigated, the research highlights the concept of habitus as a possible mediator that directs teachers to differentiate their actions between social media usage for personal and professional purposes.
Effect of Different Dialysis Membranes on Protein Loss During Hemodialysis
Authors: Mir Abdul Wahab , Raja Khalid Mahmood , Azam Malik Nadeem , Arshad Abdul Rehman , Tahir Taleah , . Salahuddin
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare the loss of proteins with high and low flux hemodialysis membranes.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Nephrology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Nov 2019 to Feb 2020.

Methodology: This study was conducted on patients with end-stage renal disease on maintenance haemodialysis. We excluded patients on haemodialysis for less than one month, those with poor compliance to hemodialysis, those undergoing hemodialysis for less than four hours per session and unwilling patients. Patients were divided into two groups: one was dialyzed with high flux membranes, whereas low flux membranes were used for the other group. Dialysate samples were collected during the first hour and then during the last hour of each haemodialysis session to estimate protein losses in each group.

Results: Data were recorded during 133 hemodialysis sessions, the patients underwent. There were 22 patients, including 12 (54.55%) males, having a mean age of 46.45±13.99 years. Most patients (17, 77.27%) were on twice-a-week dialysis, whereas the rest were dialyzed thrice weekly. Protein loss was 0.45± 0.23g/L with low flux membranes and 1.20±0.60g/L with high flux membranes. This difference was statistically significant (p= <0.001).

Conclusion: High flux dialysis membranes are associated with greater protein loss during hemodialysis.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Anti-Mullerian Hormone for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Bahadur Kulsoom , Ijaz Aamir , Baqai Shehla , Asif Naveed
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Anti-Mullerian Hormone in Polycystic ovary syndrome detection, keeping Rotterdam criteria as a gold standard.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi and Rehman Medical Institute, (RMI)Peshawar, Pakistan from Jul 2018 to Jun 2019.

Methodology: The study included one hundred and forty clinically suspected patients of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) of 16-45 years of age. Blood samples were analyzed for serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone analysis on Architect ci 8200 System using the Chemiluminescent immunoassay technique. AMH was considered positive for Polycystic ovary syndrome at a threshold of 4.9ng/ml. In addition, AMH's diagnostic accuracy was evaluated, considering the Rotterdam criteria of PCOS as a gold standard.

Results: The mean age and mean BMI of the study subjects were 26.73±5.07 years and 30.43±4.83kg/m2, respectively. The mean follicle-stimulating and Luteinizing hormones were 4.34±0.68mIU/ml and 5.24±1.43mIU/ml, respectively. The mean Anti-Mullerian hormone of all patients was 7.79±4.62ng/ml. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), the likelihood ratio of a positive test (LR+) and Likelihood ratio of a Negative Test (LR-) of AntiMullerian hormone were 91.8%, 74.7%, 73.7%, 92.2%, 3.63%, 0.11%, respectively and overall diagnostic accuracy was 82.1%.

Conclusion: Anti-Mullerian hormone can effectively determine the existence of Polycystic ovary syndrome among women of reproductive age and serve as a sensitive diagnostic tool for Polycystic ovary syndrome.
Association of Absolute Eosinophil Count and Post-Bronchodilator Reversibility in the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Azam Khan Malik Nadeem , Shah Syed Umer , Hussain Altaf , Khan Muhammad Shahid , Hussain Muhammad Zahid
Published: May 2023

Objective: To look for the relationship between absolute eosinophil count and post-bronchodilator reversibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients at Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and During of Study: Pulmonology Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi (PEMH) from Jul to Dec 2019.

Methodology: The study was conducted on 150 patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted in the Medical Ward or reporting in the Outpatient Department. Lung function was assessed using spirometry pre- and postbronchodilation. The presence and severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were assessed using modified Global Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. The presence of significant bronchodilator responsiveness was taken as ≥12% improvement in the forced expiratory volume (FEV) (1) or the forced vital capacity.

Results: Of 150 patients in the final analysis, 95 (63.3%) were male, and 55(36.7%) were female. The mean duration of COPD in our target population was 9.13±1.23 years. 68 (45.3%) had >12% improvement after bronchodilator administration, while 82(54.7%) had <12% improvement. The absolute eosinophilic count was <2% in 49(32.7%), while it was raised in 101(67.3%) patients.

Conclusion: Raised eosinophilic count emerged as a predictor of good response after administering bronchodilators among patients suffering from chronic obstructive airway disease. Screening patients for this simple blood component may predictresponse to the initial treatment and help in the tailoring of the treatment plan by the treating physician.Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Eosinophils, Forced expiratory volume.
Effects of Critical Incident Stress Management on Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tariq Muhammad , Rasool Ayesha , Satti Iftikhar Ahmed , Ayaz Saeed bin , Sajid Muhammad Usman , Akhtar Khalid Ibrahim
Published: May 2023

Objective: To analyze the effect of Critical Incident Stress Management on the mental health of nurses during COVID-19.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Jhelum Pakistan from Mar to Jun 2020.

Methodology: Forty-six nurses were consecutively recruited and evaluated regarding Knowledge about COVID-19, thoughts regarding its origin, emotional reactions, and coping mechanisms. The evaluation was followed by the provision of Critical Incident Stress Management sessions in March. Finally, in the second phase conducted in June, the participants were evaluated again to assess the effect of intervention regarding the above parameters.

Results: Results indicated a statistically significant shift in Knowledge from Social Media to Academic Resources (p<0.001). Thoughts regarding the origin of COVID-19 showed that ‘Religious Causes’ and belief in ‘Religious and Biological Causes both” significantly reduced (p=0.001 and p=0.003, respectively), while opinions regarding ‘Biological Causes’ increased in frequency (p< 0.001). Emotionally a significant reduction was seen in Confusion (p<0.001). A significant reduction was observed in Religious Rituals (p=0.002) for Coping Mechanisms. However, observing Safety Precautions and Distraction Strategies were insignificantly affected (p=0.668 and p=1, respectively).

Conclusion: Critical Incident Stress Management helped healthcare workers sublimate their emotional reactions and helped them cope with a productive mindset for better management of the pandemic.Keywords: COVID-19, Critical incident stress management, Paramedics, Psychological impact.
Frequency of Isolation of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) from Pus Samples and its Antibiotic Susceptibility
Authors: Rubab Fatima , Majid Muhammad , Zeb Anam , Shabbir Sundas , Ali Nayab , Ali Sakhawat
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from pus samples and the invitro efficacy of commonly used antimicrobial drugs against them.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences,Rawalpindi, from May 2018 to Apr 2019.

Methodology: The pus samples were subjected to standard microbiological procedures. The Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotics susceptibility pattern of the isolates, and results were interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines-2018.

Results: Of the total 499 Staphylococcus aureus, 214(42%) were Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The resistance against antibiotics were found in penicillin 214(100%), Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole 205(96%), Erythromycin 177(82.7%),Ciprofloxacin 160(75.3%), Chloramphenicol 131(61%), Gentamicin 88(40.9%), Tetracycline 52(24%), Fusidic Acid 35(16%),Clindamycin 33(15.3%), Minocycline 11(5.2%), Vancomycin and Linezolid (0%).

Conclusion: There is a high frequency of MRSA in our setup with very limited treatment options.
Association of Urinary Tract Infection with Preterm Labor in Gravid Females in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Baqai Shehla , Jaffery Humaira Osman , Ashraf Viqar , Hameed Sidra
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare the frequency of preterm labour in pregnant patients with and without urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital in Punjab.

Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from Jul 2019 to Jan 2020.

Methodology: Three hundred and eighty-five pregnant women were inducted into the study. The midstream urine sample was collected from patients between 24-28 weeks of gestation with complaints of burning micturition and was sent for microscopic examination. Urinary tract infection was diagnosed on the urinalysis report. Patients were followed till delivery.Patients were labelled as preterm who delivered neonates <37 weeks of gestation.

Results: In this study, the mean age of the patients was 25.2±3.0. The majority of the patients were para 1-2. The mean body mass index was 25.3±1.9 kg/m2. Urinary tract infection was found in 12 patients (3.2%), and preterm labour occurred in 52 patients (13.5%). The mean birth weight of neonates was 3.0±0.5kg. A comparison of preterm labour in patients with and without urinary tract infections revealed that patients with urinary tract infections were associated with preterm labour (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Urinary tract infection during pregnancy significantly impacts pregnancy outcomes, mainly preterm labour and low birth weight.
Impact of General Anaesthesia Versus Combined Epidural and General Anesthesia on Postoperative Complications and Mortality in Elective Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgeries
Authors: Yaqub Khan Muhammad , Saeed Muhammad , Yasin Bilal , Ameer Khalid , Noor Nusrat
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the impact of general anaesthesia versus combined epidural and general anaesthesia on postoperative complications in elective abdominal aortic aneurysm surgeries.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun 2018 to Sep 2020.

Methodology: A total of 100 patients from both genders undergoing elective open abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery under general anaesthesia enrolled in the study after random distribution to drug and control groups in equal proportions. The primary determinants were postoperative complications. Additionally, it determined the impact on postoperative mortality rate.

Results: Of 100 participants, 54% of patients were from ASA status II, and 46% were from ASA status III. Among postoperative complications, bowel ischemia was recorded in 16% and 2% among Group-A and Group-B, respectively (pvalue 0.01). Postoperative dialysis was required in 18% of patients in Group-A, whereas among Group-B, only 4%went through it (p-value 0.02). Pulmonary complications variation was not statistically different between the two groups, with 54%  and 46% (p-value 0.42) frequencies in Group-A and Group-B, respectively. However, surgical reintervention within 30 days was notable, 36% in Group-A and 14% in Group-B (p-value 0.01).

Conclusion: Combined general and epidural anaesthesia, when compared with general anaesthesia alone, significantly impacts the reduction of postoperative complications after elective open abdominal aortic aneurysm surgeries without increasing morbidity and mortality.
Outcome Of Non-Elective Covid Positive Orthopaedic Injury Procedures In Two Tertiary Care Hospitals
Authors: Anwar Syed Faraz , Mushtaq Ahmed , Faraz Syed Sheheryar
Published: May 2023

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of COVID-positive orthopaedic injury patients operated as emergency cases regarding overall disease progression, laboratory parameters and fracture healing.

Study Design: Prospective longitudinal study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi and Combined Military Hospital Malir Karachi Pakistan, from Apr to Nov 2020.

Methodology: All the orthopaedic injury patients with no other injuries who tested positive for COVID-19 were included in the study. The demographic data, time of injury and surgery, co-morbidities and values of inflammatory markers such as Creactive protein (CRP), Total Leukocyte Count (TLC), Serum Ferritin and Neutrophil percentage were noted pre-op and on the fifth-day post-operation. The bone fracture, its severity, and the type of orthopaedic intervention were also noted.

Results: A total of 17 patients were included in the study, out of which 12 were males (70.6%), and 5 were females (29.4%),with a mean age of 49.06±18.78 years. There were 9(52.9%) cases of mild COVID-19, 3(17.6%) cases of moderate and 5(29.2%) cases of severe disease among orthopaedic injury cases. The most common fracture was of the femur in 12(70.6%) patients,followed by tibia/fibula in 3(17.6%) and 2(11.8%) cases of radius and ulna. In addition, there were 2(11.8%) cases of non-union and 5(29.4%) delayed union. Only 2(5.2%) health professionals developed mild COVID.Conclusion: Orthopedic emergency operations of COVID-19-positive patients can be performed safely following strict COVID-19 protocols.
Correlation Between Resistive Index and Serum Creatinine in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Khan Amir , Ahmed Aliya , Bhutta Muzammil Rasheed , Zafar Ibtesam , Khan Muhammad Nasir Naeem , Ehsan Jovaria
Published: May 2023

Objective: To evaluate the renal resistive index (RI) and serum creatinine correlation in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Radiology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan, from Nov 2020 to Apr 2021.

Methodology: This study was conducted on 80 patients. Doppler renal artery sonography was carried out, and for all the individuals with controlled blood pressure, gender, age, urinary protein, serum creatinine and HBA1c were recorded.

Results: In our study, 42(52%) patients were females, whereas the remaining 38(48%) were males. The mean age was observed to be 49.15±11.91 years. A significant positive correlation (r=0.53) was found between Resistive Index and Serum Creatinine.The correlation co-efficient values between Resistive Index and Serum Creatinine in female and male patients were r=0.58 and r=0.47, respectively.

Conclusion: The present study concluded that RI had no significant statistical correlation with albuminuria, proteinuria and HbA1c levels. However, a statistical correlation between RI and creatinine level was reported.
Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine Among Undergraduate Students
Authors: Abid Muhammad Ali , Buzdar Muhammad Ashraf , Junejo Shizma , Karim Nasim
Published: May 2023

Objective: To assess the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among medical and non-medical undergraduate students and compare the COVID-19 vaccine receptivity differences between medical and non-medical undergraduate students.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Bahria University Medical & Dental College, and Bahria University Karachi Campus Pakistan, from Mar to Jun 2021.

Methodology: In this study, a total of 392 participants, were selected by non-probability convenience sampling. Students aged 19-26 years were enrolled. Participants were required to sign a voluntary consent form prior to participation. The questionnaire included 21 questions inclusive of demographic characteristics, insight regarding COVID-19 disease, prior EPI vaccine exposure, attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine, including the importance of vaccine to end the pandemic, acceptance of vaccine along with reasons and non-acceptance and sent by email as a Google form to participants.

Results: There were 171(43.6%) males and females 218(55.6%). The mean age of participants was 20.7±2.29 years. 217(55.4%) students were from the MBBS programs, and 175(44.6%) were from non-MBBS programs. COVID-19 vaccine acceptability was better amongst medical students, with 182(83.9%) considering it safe for use in contrast to 5(2.8%) non-medical students who considered it safe.

Conclusion: The comparison of knowledge and attitudes towards accepting the COVID-19 vaccine between medical students and non-medical students revealed better acceptance amongst undergraduate medical students than non-medical undergraduate students.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound and Computed Tomography in Differentiating Transudate from Exudate in Patients with Pleural Effusion
Authors: Rasheed Bhutta Muzammil , Majeed Ayesha Isani , Zafar Ibtesam , Khan Amir , Azad Hina , Din Shams Ud
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of Computed Tomography and Ultrasonography in differentiating trans-dative and exudative pleural effusion.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Radiology Department of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan, from Jul to Oct 2021.

Methodology: Patients suffering (n=80) from pleural effusion were involved, and all were assessed with ultrasound and computed Tomography along with diagnostic thoracocentesis. In addition, we investigated pleural thickening, pleural nodules, and loculations along with the USG signs and Computed Tomography attenuation values to detect transudate and exudate in individuals suffering from pleural effusion.

Results: Participants had a mean age of 36.20±6.67 years, ranging from 25 to 49 years. Out of 80 patients, 50(62.5 %) were males, and 30(37.5%) were females. Of the eighty patients with pleural effusion, 29 were transudative 36(25%), and 51 were exudative 63(75%). Overall, USG showed better results for loculations, while CT showed better results for pleural thickeningand nodules.

Conclusion: Attenuation values of Computed Tomography play an essential role in differentiating the type of pleural effusion. In addition, ultrasound is a supporting non-invasive imaging modality that helps define the characteristics of pleural effusion.
Computed Tomography Severity Score in COVID-19: Association with Inflammatory Markers and Patient Outcome
Authors: Mehmood Faisal , Hassan Ali , Ashraf Amna , Baig Zahid Farooq , Bukhari Karamat Hussain Shah , Khattak Abdul Latif
Published: May 2023

Objective: To associate CT severity score with inflammatory markers and to determine outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to CMH Lahore.

Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from Mar to Jun 2021.

Methodology: Patients of COVID-19 age 18 and above, with a positive RT-PCR, were included in the study Clinical and radiological data of 200 patients was retrieved and analysed from the hospital registry.

Results: In the present study, we studied the role of inflammatory markers in predicting the severity of COVID-19. We have compared the levels of LDH, CRP, IL-6 and serum Ferritin between the two groups. LDH (p=0.015), IL-6 (p=0.001) and Ferritin (p=0.001) were significantly different between the two groups, but CRP was not (p=0.811) significant.

Conclusion: CT severity score associates well with the COVID-19 clinical severity. Our data suggest that the chest CT scoring system can predict the severity of COVID-19 disease and significantly associates with inflammatory markers.
Comparative Study of 35% Glycolic Acid (GA) Peel versus 15% Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA) in Patients Primed with 4% Hydroquinone and Sun Block for the Treatment of Melasma
Authors: Javed Zaaraa , Khan Qamar Uddin , Naeem Uzma , Zafar Hunzala
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare the effects of 35% Glycolic acid (GA) peel versus 15% Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA) in patients primed with 4% Hydroquinone and sunblock for Melasma treatment.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental stud.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Dermatology, Combined Military Hospital, Jhelum Pakistan, from Jul to Nov 2020.

Methodology: Forty-eight melasma patients were included and divided randomly into two groups; Group-A patients were treated with 15%Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA), while Group-B patients were treated with 35% Glycolic Acid (GA). Peeling was performed fortnightly in 4 sessions. Melasma area and severity index (MASI) scoring was calculated before and after peeling.

Results: In our study, we found that pre-treatment MASI score in Group-A Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA) was 9.25±3.11 and in Group-B Glycolic Acid(GA), the pre-treatment MASI was 18.42±7.24, (p<0.001). The post-treatment MASI score in Group- A (TCA) was found to be 4.52±2.77and in Group-B (GA), it was 8.67±4.30, (p<0.001). TCA was associated with more burning, frosting, and skin cracking, while Glycolic Acid (GA) was associated with a scale of no to mild pain and mild burning.

Conclusion: Both the peeling agents, 35% Glycolic Acid (GA) peel and 15%Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA), in patients primed with 4% Hydroquinone and sunblock, are effective in reducing MASI scores. However, TCA showed better results.
Comparison of Mean Insertion Time of Supraglottic Airway Device in Children Followed by Trapezius Squeeze Test Versus Jaw Thrust
Authors: Ahmed Maira , Hussain Akhtar , Majeed Kaukab , Riaz Azmat , Hafiz Amran , Iftikhar Hina
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare the assessment of the timing of insertion of supraglottic airway device in children by trapezius squeeze test versus jaw thrust as an indicator of the depth of anaesthesia.
Study Design: Prospective comparative study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Quetta Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2021.
Methodology: Eighty children undergoing surgical interventions under Sevoflurane anaesthesia with supraglottic airway device having ASA physical status I or II were divided into two sets of 40 children. Both groups were labelled Group-A (trapezius squeeze test) and Group-B (jaw thrust). Supraglottic airway device iGel was inserted immediately after the negative trapezius squeeze test or jaw thrust. A negative test was defined as the absence of cough, reflex movements, breath-holding, gag reflex and laryngospasm. Insertion time and the number of attempts were carefully recorded.
Results: The mean age of patients in the study was 4.8±2.028years, and the mean weight was 17.05±5.34. 47% of patients were in ASA-I, 52% in ASA-II in Group-A, 40 % were ASA-I and 60% in ASAII in Group-B. The mean insertion time was 143.42±5.56 seconds in Group-A and 117.525±7.15 seconds in Group-B with a p-value of 0.002.
Conclusion: We concluded that the trapezius squeeze test provides better insertion conditions for supraglottic airway devices than jaw thrust during Sevoflurane anaesthesia in pediatric patients.
Impact of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Time and Aortic Cross Clamp Time on Immediate PostOperative Outcomes in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Open Heart Surgery
Authors: Alisher Nazish , Khokhar Rajab Ali , Rehman Mujeeb Ur , Shaikh Abdul Sattar , Bux Korejo Hussain , Sangi Rumana
Published: May 2023

Objective: to find out the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass time (CPBT) and aortic cross-clamp time (ACCT) on immediate post-operative outcomes in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing open heart surgery at a tertiary care centre.

Study Design: Prospective longitudinal study.

Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Paediatric, Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi Pakistan, from Jul to Dec 2021.

Methodology: We enrolled 104 patients of both genders up to any age with CHD undergoing open heart surgeries. At the time of admission, age, gender, body weight, presence of cyanosis and types of CHDs were noted. Duration of mechanical ventilation, pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (PCICU) stay, and mortality was recorded. Baseline characteristics and postsurgery parameters were compared about CPBT and ACCT.

Results: Of 104 patients, 58(55.8%) were males. Overall, the mean age was 7.9±5.1 years. Cyanosis was noted in 34(32.7%) cases. Mean CPBT was 74.6±42.9 minutes, while the mean ACCT was 43.5±29.5 minutes. Most types of CHDs were noted to be tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) 28(26.9%). An increase in the duration of CPBT and ACCT was found to have a significant association with post-surgical morbidity (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Increased cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamp time were found to have a significant association with post-surgical morbidity and outcomes among cases undergoing open heart surgeries for congenital heart diseases.
Impact of Fetal Echocardiography on Altering Course of Action Following A Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease-A Thought Analysis
Authors: Khalil Adiba Akhtar , Ara Andaleeb , Akhtar Khurram , Khan Sumaira , Yaqub Umairah , Akhtar Joodi kizilwarda
Published: May 2023

Objective: To assess the impact of fetal echocardiography in altering the course of action for neonatal cardiac expertise and services available in Pakistan following an antenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defect (CHD).

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology & National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Feb 2020 to Sep 2021.

Methodology: Fetuses aged 18 to 38 weeks of gestational age referred to the Pediatric Cardiac Unit due to risk of or suspicion of congenital heart disease underwent fetal cardiac echo. Data were collected and reviewed retrospectively to seek any impact of the antenatal diagnosis on post-natal planning.Results: The mean age of the mothers was 29.79±5.24 years (range, 17-47 years), and the mean gestational age at which the fetal echocardiography examination was performed was 27.29±4.47weeks (range: 12–38 years). Of the 609 pregnancies, fetal echocardiogram evaluation was performed, and sixty-three (10.3%) fetal echocardiograms were abnormal. Of the 63, only 06(9.5%) returned to the neonatal cardiac unit for follow-up and treatment in the first ten days of life.

Conclusion: The real impact of fetal echocardiography is possible only with the availability of well-developed, readily accessible fetal and neonatal cardiac services. Poverty and a struggling healthcare infrastructure confound the benefits.
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA PEGAWAI SEBELUM DAN SEMASA PANDEMI COVID-19 (Studi Kasus Pegawai Dinas Perhubungan Kota Yogyakarta)
Authors: Subandiyah Asih Endah , Gaudensia Sura Benedikta
Published: May 2023

Performance Employee can certainly be relied on by internal and external factors, external factors such as the Covid-19 Pandemic certainly affect the resulting performance and cause differences in work results. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a performance appraisal using clear and measurable indicators which are used as a reference for performance appraisal, so that we can know what needs to be changed and what is necessary from the existing situation so that it can help improve employee performance in the future.

The purpose of this study was to see if there were differences in the performance of the Department Transportation of Yogyakarta before and during the pandemic Covid-19 and whether the results of the employee performance at the Department Transportation of Yogyakarta before the pandemic Covid-19 were better according to the pandemic Covid-19.

This research method is comparative with a quantitative approach. The sample used was 51 respondents. The data used in this study are primary data obtained from the distribution of questionnaires of 51 copies, to respondents with the sampling was simple random sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is the validity test, reliability test, normality test, homogeneity test and paired difference test (Paired Sample T-test).

The results of this study indicate that the performance of the Yogyakarta City Transportation Department employees before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Other results indicate that employee performance rewards are productivity and work pressure.
Pengaruh Penilaian Kinerja Dan Komitmen Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Perawat Di Rumah Sakit Umum Sakina Idaman Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Subiyantoro Ary
Published: May 2023

This writing aims to determine how the influence of performance appraisal and commitment to the work productivity of nurses at Sakina Idaman General Hospital, Sleman Yogyakarta. The data analysis technique uses valid data testing, reliable data, multiple regression analysis, f test and t test. Based on the results of the study, the results of the multiple regression equation Y = 14.956 + 0.401X1 + 0.253X2, indicating that there is an effect of performance appraisal and commitment on work productivity. From the results of the coefficient of determination test, it shows that R Square is 0.241. This means that the magnitude of the influence of the performance appraisal variable and commitment on the work productivity of nurses at Sakina Idaman General Hospital is 24.1%, the remaining 75.9% is explained by other causal factors.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN KEUANGAN, SIKAP KEUANGAN, MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN, DAN KEPRIBADIAN WIRAUSAHA TERHADAP KINERJA UMKM DI KALURAHAN CATURTUNGGAL
Authors: Binawati Enita , Winda Putri Adellia
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine (1) the influence of financial knowledge on the performance of MSMEs in Caturtunggal sub-district, (2) the influence of financial attitudes on the performance of SMEs in Caturtunggal sub-district, (3) the influence of financial management on MSME performance in Caturtunggal sub-district, (4) the influence of entrepreneurial personality. on the Performance of MSMEs in Caturtunggal sub-district, (5) the influence of financial knowledge, financial attitudes, financial management and entrepreneurial personality on the performance of MSME in Caturtunggal sub-district.

This research includes causal associative research. The subjects in this study were the owners of MSMEs in Caturtunggal sub-district as many as 100 MSMEs. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire Prerequisite analysis test includes multicollinearity test and heteroscedasticity test. Data analysis technique with multiple linear regression.

The results of the study show that (1) there is no positive influence of Financial Knowledge on MSME Performance in Caturtunggal sub-district (2) there is a positive effect of financial attitudes on the performance of SMEs in Caturtunggal sub-district (3) there is an influence Positive Financial Management on MSME Performance in Caturtunggal sub-district (4) there is no positive influence of Entrepreneurial Personality on The performance of MSMEs in Caturtunggal sub-district (5) there is an effect of Financial Knowledge, Financial Attitude, Financial Management, and K Entrepreneurial Personality on MSME Performance in Caturtunggal sub-district.