bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a Stakeholder-Oriented Blockchain-Based Architecture for Electronic Health Records: Design Science Research Study
(Preprint)
Authors: Beinke Jan Heinrich , Fitte Christian , Teuteberg Frank
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Data security issues still constitute the main reason for the sluggish dissemination of electronic health records (EHRs). Given that blockchain technology offers the possibility to verify transactions through a decentralized network, it may serve as a solution to secure health-related data. Therefore, we have identified stakeholder-specific requirements and propose a blockchain-based architecture for EHRs, while referring to the already existing scientific discussions on the potential of blockchain for use in EHRs.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to introduce blockchain technology for EHRs, based on identifying stakeholders and systematically eliciting their requirements, and to discuss the key benefits (KBs) and key challenges (KCs) of blockchain technology in the context of EHRs.

METHODS

The blockchain-based architecture was developed in the framework of the design science research paradigm. The requirements were identified using a structured literature review and interviews with nine health care experts. Subsequently, the proposed architecture was evaluated using 4 workshops with 15 participants.

RESULTS

We identified three major EHR stakeholder groups and 34 respective requirements. On this basis, we developed a five-layer architecture. The subsequent evaluation of the artifact was followed by the discussion of 12 KBs and 12 KCs of a blockchain-based architecture for EHRs. To address the KCs, we derived five recommendations for action for science and practice.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicate that blockchain technology offers considerable potential to advance EHRs. Improvements to currently available EHR solutions are expected, for instance, in the areas of data security, traceability, and automation by smart contracts. Future research could examine the patient’s acceptance of blockchain-based EHRs and cost-benefit analyses.
The Effect of a Cellular-Enabled Glucose Meter on Glucose Control for Patients With Diabetes: Prospective Pre-Post Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bollyky Jennifer B , Melton Stephanie T , Xu Tong , Painter Stefanie L , Knox Brian
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Diabetes is a global epidemic affecting approximately 30 million people in the United States. The World Health Organization recommends using technology and telecommunications to improve health care delivery and disease management. The Livongo for Diabetes Program offers a remote monitoring technology with Certified Diabetes Educator outreach.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to examine health outcomes measured by changes in HbA1c, in time in target blood glucose range, and in depression symptoms for patients enrolled in a remote digital diabetes management program in a Diabetes Center of Excellence setting.

METHODS

The impact of the Livongo for Diabetes program on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood glucose ranges, and depression screening survey results (Patient Health Questionnaire-2 [PHQ-2]) were assessed over 12 months in a prospective cohort recruited from the University of South Florida Health Diabetes Home for Healthy Living. Any patient ≥18 years old with a diagnosis of diabetes was approached for voluntary inclusion into the program. The analysis was a pre-post design for those members enrolled in the study. Data was collected at outpatient clinic visits and remotely through the Livongo glucose meter.

RESULTS

A total of 86 adults were enrolled into the Livongo for Diabetes program, with 49% (42/86) female, an average age of 50 (SD 15) years, 56% (48/86) with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and 69% (59/86) with insulin use. The mean HbA1c drop amongst the group was 0.66% (P=.17), with all participants showing a decline in HbA1c at 12 months. A 17% decrease of blood glucose checks <70 mg/dL occurred concurrently. Participants with type 2 diabetes not using insulin had blood glucose values within target range (70-180 mg/dL) 89% of the time. Participants with type 2 diabetes using insulin were in target range 68% of the time, and type 1 diabetes 58% of the time. Average PHQ-2 scores decreased by 0.56 points during the study period.

CONCLUSIONS

Participants provided with a cellular-enabled blood glucose meter with real-time feedback and access to coaching from a certified diabetes educator in an outpatient clinical setting experienced improved mean glucose values and fewer episodes of hypoglycemia relative to the start of the program.
mHealth App Prescription in Australian General Practice: Pre-Post Study (Preprint)
Authors: Byambasuren Oyungerel , Beller Elaine , Hoffmann Tammy , Glasziou Paul
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Evidence of effectiveness of mobile health (mHealth) apps as well as their usability as non-drug interventions in primary care are emerging around the globe.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the feasibility of mHealth app prescription by general practitioners (GPs) and to evaluate the effectiveness of an implementation intervention to increase app prescription.

METHODS

A single-group, before-and-after study was conducted in Australian general practice. GPs were given prescription pads for 6 mHealth apps and reported the number of prescriptions dispensed for 4 months. After the reporting of month 2, a 2-minute video of one of the apps was randomly selected and sent to each GP. Data were collected through a prestudy questionnaire, monthly electronic reporting, and end-of-study interviews. The primary outcome was the number of app prescriptions (total, monthly, per GP, and per GP per fortnight). Secondary outcomes included confidence in prescribing apps (0-5 scale), the impact of the intervention video on subsequent prescription numbers, and acceptability of the interventions.

RESULTS

Of 40 GPs recruited, 39 commenced, and 36 completed the study. In total, 1324 app prescriptions were dispensed over 4 months. The median number of apps prescribed per GP was 30 (range 6-111 apps). The median number of apps prescribed per GP per fortnight increased from the pre-study level of 1.7 to 4.1. Confidence about prescribing apps doubled from a mean of 2 (not so confident) to 4 (very confident). App videos did not affect subsequent prescription rates substantially. Post-study interviews revealed that the intervention was highly acceptable.

CONCLUSIONS

mHealth app prescription in general practice is feasible, and our implementation intervention was effective in increasing app prescription. GPs need more tailored education and training on the value of mHealth apps and knowledge of prescribable apps to be able to successfully change their prescribing habits to include apps. The future of sustainable and scalable app prescription requires a trustworthy electronic app repository of prescribable mHealth apps for GPs.
Blended Learning Compared to Traditional Learning in Medical Education: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Vallée Alexandre , Blacher Jacques , Cariou Alain , Sorbets Emmanuel
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Blended learning, which combines face-to-face learning and e-learning, has grown rapidly to be commonly used in education. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of this learning approach has not been completely quantitatively synthesized and evaluated using knowledge outcomes in health education.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of blended learning compared to that of traditional learning in health education.

METHODS

We performed a systematic review of blended learning in health education in MEDLINE from January 1990 to July 2019. We independently selected studies, extracted data, assessed risk of bias, and compared overall blended learning versus traditional learning, offline blended learning versus traditional learning, online blended learning versus traditional learning, digital blended learning versus traditional learning, computer-aided instruction blended learning versus traditional learning, and virtual patient blended learning versus traditional learning. All pooled analyses were based on random-effect models, and the I2 statistic was used to quantify heterogeneity across studies.

RESULTS

A total of 56 studies (N=9943 participants) assessing several types of learning support in blended learning met our inclusion criteria; 3 studies investigated offline support, 7 studies investigated digital support, 34 studies investigated online support, 8 studies investigated computer-assisted instruction support, and 5 studies used virtual patient support for blended learning. The pooled analysis comparing all blended learning to traditional learning showed significantly better knowledge outcomes for blended learning (standardized mean difference 1.07, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.28, I2=94.3%). Similar results were observed for online (standardized mean difference 0.73, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.86, I2=94.9%), computer-assisted instruction (standardized mean difference 1.13, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.79, I2=78.0%), and virtual patient (standardized mean difference 0.62, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.06, I2=78.4%) learning support, but results for offline learning support (standardized mean difference 0.08, 95% CI –0.63 to 0.79, I2=87.9%) and digital learning support (standardized mean difference 0.04, 95% CI –0.45 to 0.52, I2=93.4%) were not significant.

CONCLUSIONS

From this review, blended learning demonstrated consistently better effects on knowledge outcomes when compared with traditional learning in health education. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and to explore the utility of different design variants of blended learning.
The “Preparation for Shared Decision-Making” Tool for Women With Advanced Breast Cancer: Qualitative Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Masi Domitilla , Gomez-Rexrode Amalia Elvira , Bardin Rina , Seidman Joshua
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

The range of decisions and considerations that women with advanced breast cancer (ABC) face can be overwhelming and difficult to manage. Research shows that most patients prefer a shared decision-making (SDM) approach as it provides them with the opportunity to be actively involved in their treatment decisions. The current engagement of these patients in their clinical decisions is suboptimal. Moreover, implementing SDM into routine clinical care can be challenging as patients may not always feel adequately prepared or may not expect to be involved in the decision-making process.

OBJECTIVE

Avalere Health developed the Preparation for Shared Decision-Making (PFSDM) tool to help patients with ABC feel prepared to communicate with their clinicians and engage in decision making aligned with their preferences. The goal of this study was to validate the tool for its acceptability and usability among this patient population.

METHODS

We interviewed a diverse group of women with ABC (N=30). Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, and double coded by using NVivo. We assessed 8 themes to understand the acceptability and usability of the tool.

RESULTS

Interviewees expressed that the tool was acceptable for preparing patients for decision making and would be useful for helping patients know what to expect in their care journey. Interviewees also provided useful comments to improve the tool.

CONCLUSIONS

This validation study confirms the acceptability and usability of the PFSDM tool for women with ABC. Future research should assess the feasibility of the tool’s implementation in the clinical workflow and its impact on patient outcomes.
ASI eksklusif dan berat lahir berpengaruh terhadap stunting pada balita 2-5 tahun di Kabupaten Pesawaran
Authors: Sulistianingsih Apri , Sari Rita
Published: October 2019

Background: Stunting cases in infants in Indonesia continue to be a maternal and child health problem. Stunting cases in Pesawaran District increase every year. Some of the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in children include the history of exclusive breastfeeding and low birth weight (LBW) babies.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of exclusive breastfeeding and birth weight on stunting in children 2-5 years cases in Pesawaran District.Method: This research used observational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted in March-May 2017 in 12 Puskesmas on Pesawaran Lampung District. The number of samples was 385 samples. The variables studied in this study were the incidence of stunting, history of LBW and history of exclusive breastfeeding. Analysis and present data using the Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression.Results: Children with a history of LBW (OR=12.30; 95% CI:3.663-41.299) and exclusive breastfeeding history (OR=0.122; 95% CI:0.075-0.199) were significantly associated with the incidence of stunting. The multivariate analysis explained the history of exclusive breastfeeding with OR=0.108 (CI 95%: 0.065-0.180) and birth weight with OR=17.063 (CI 95%: 4.892-59.511).Conclusion: Children with exclusively breastfeeding 9.3 times less risk for stunting than children non-exclusive breastfeeding or exclusive breastfeeding provides a protective effect against stunting in toddlers. Children with an LBW history had a risk of 17.063 times greater for stunting than children with normal birth weight.
Perkiraan Kadar Seftazidim dalam Darah pada Pasien Pneumonia dengan Gangguan Fungsi Ginjal
Authors: Ilma Dewi Latifatul , Wahyono Djoko , Sari Ika Puspita
Published: October 2019

Pneumonia is one of the major causes of mortality due to infection in hospitalized patients. It was frequently found in patients with renal failure. Clinical outcomes of infected patients with renal failure are worse compared to patients without renal failure. The presence of renal impairment affects the pharmacokinetics of the drug. Ceftazidime is one of the most commonly used antibiotics in patients with pneumonia. Approximately, 80-90% of ceftazidime’s total drug fraction is eliminated by kidneys so that the presence of kidney disorders will affect the concentration of ceftazidime in the blood. This study aimed to determine the estimated concentration of ceftazidime in the blood and clinical outcome of pneumonia patients with renal impairment. This study was a retrospective study with descriptive observational design. Data were obtained from patient’s medical record in a hospital in Yogyakarta between January 2013-June 2017 which fulfilled the inclusion criteria, i.e., ≥18 years old patients with complete medical record data, treated in internal medicine ward with diagnosis of pneumonia (HAP/HCAP) who had chronic renal failure, and received ceftazidime for minimum 72 hours or 3 days. The number of research samples were 40 patients. This study showed that 31 patients (77.5%) had achieved estimated ceftazidime concentration in the blood above the minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 μg/ mL. After ceftazidime therapy, 19 patients (47.5%) had improved clinical outcome and 21 patients (52.5%) had not improved clinical outcome.
La empleabilidad de los egresados de las universidades tecnológicas en México: un análisis de eficiencia
Authors: Aguilar-Barceló José-Gabriel , Mungaray-Moctezuma Ana-Bárbara
Published: October 2019

El sistema de universidades tecnológicas enfrenta importantes retos para atender con calidad la demanda de trabajo técnico especializado. A través del Análisis Envolvente de Datos, se evalúa la eficiencia de este sistema en materia de empleabilidad. Se encuentra que la eficiencia técnica más alta está en la región norte, y la más baja, en la sur. Todas las regiones presentan dificultades referidas a la pertinencia, vinculación o equidad. Se concluye que el desempeño ha sido desigual entre universidades pero también entre regiones. Lo anterior sería muestra de que los distintos planteles no tienen las mismas oportunidades y criterios de decisión en la búsqueda de objetivos comunes.
Conocimiento profesional del docente en educación superior: una confrontación entre lo real y lo deseado
Authors: Rodríguez-García Antonio-Manuel , Martínez-Heredia Nazaret
Published: October 2019

Este trabajo tiene un doble objetivo: por un lado, analizar la presencia de las diferentes dimensiones del conocimiento profesional docente en el desempeño de la profesión y, por otro, valorar la importancia que futuros profesionales de la educación otorgan a la necesidad de presentar adecuadamente tal conocimiento. Se ha seguido una metodología cuantitativa empleando el cuestionario como instrumento de recogida de información. La muestra ha estado compuesta por 89 alumnos del cuarto curso del grado de Pedagogía de la Universidad de Granada. Los resultados indican un panorama deficitario para el desempeño profesional del docente en el aula como modelo de referente en la formación de los futuros formadores. En este sentido, se observa que los alumnos conceden en todas las dimensiones una mayor importancia al conocimiento en contraposición con el nivel de presencia que han experimentado a lo largo del transcurso de su carrera universitaria.
Política de becas en el nivel medio superior mexicano: crítica a sus principios distributivos
Authors: Aguilar-Nery Jesús
Published: October 2019

El objetivo del estudio es analizar los principios que subyacen a la distribución de becas en el nivel medio superior en México, especialmente por género, por monto y por tipo. Se argumenta sobre la hipótesis de que han sido dos los principios que han guiado la política de becas: un enfoque de género reducido y equívoco que hace equivaler género con mujeres y un principio de distribución simplificado y contradictorio fincado sólo en dar un paliativo que mezcla asuntos de mérito y necesidad.
Facultad de Música de la UNAM. Notas para un inventario sobre los lugares de la memoria
Authors: Aguirre-Lora María-Esther
Published: October 2019

El año 1929 marca uno de los hitos fundamentales en la vida de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México tanto por el logro de la autonomía, patrimonio de todos los universitarios, como por el establecimiento de los estudios musicales universitarios, que directamente competen a la Facultad de Música. Durante las primeras décadas de su existencia tuvieron lugar diversos eventos que la marcaron y contribuyeron a construir la identidad del músico universitario frente al músico conservatoriano. A partir de este horizonte, el propósito de este texto es ofrecer un primer acercamiento a algunas de las huellas sendimentadas en la memoria colectiva de la actual Facultad de Música para explorarlas desde la perspectiva de la dialéctica del recuerdo y el olvido y construir, desde ahí, nuestra memoria histórica.
Geografías de la movilidad académica internacional: globalización y discursos de internacionalización
Authors: Ferrari-Martínez César-Augusto
Published: October 2019

Este artículo presenta una revisión de literatura sobre geografías de la movilidad académica internacional, analizando sistemáticamente 61 trabajos publicados sobre el tema. Utiliza como categorías de análisis tres constructos geográficos operantes en imaginarios de internacionalización: globalización, límite/frontera y escala geográfica. Los resultados son presentados y discutidos a partir de tres grupos; una perspectiva optimista acerca de la movilidad académica, una perspectiva crítica que denuncia y demuestra las contradicciones del proceso y un acercamiento postmoderno que pone en duda los supuestos fijos que operan en entendimientos de los estudiantes en movimiento. Se concluye que los enunciados de escala promocionados por discursos de movilidad académica internacional actúan produciendo espacios asimétricos en las geopolíticas del conocimiento global.
Analysis of Readiness For Special Economic Areas Maritime Industry Sector ( Case Study in Lamongan District)
Authors: Putra Qomaruddin Siroh , Hadi Khrisno Hadi , Salahudin Salahudin
Published: October 2019

Some efforts have been made to develop economic potential in the region by implementing Special Economic Zones which have been regulated in Law No. 39 of 2009 concerning Special Economic Zones. One of the regions included in the criteria in the Special Economic Zone is the Lamongan Regency, because Lamongan Regency itself has good maritime potential and is also included in the criteria for special economic zones and also Lamongan Regency itself proposed by the East Java Provincial Government after the birth of the Law. Special Economic Zone Issues for 2009. This research was conducted by using a type of qualitative descriptive research and analyzing qualitative data about the Regional Readiness of Lamongan Regency in the Framework of the Establishment of a Special Economic Sector in the Maritime Industry Sector. In this study the theory used is the theory of special economic zones, the acceleration of local economic development. The results of this study are that some aspects have been fulfilled even though some are still being sought and then completed. Some of these aspects are first, the land readiness that has been available for 500 hectares of land is in accordance with the RTRW that has been established by the Regional Government. Second is the readiness of infrastructure in this case there are several aspects, namely land transportation network, electricity network, telecommunications network, sea port, raw water source. Besides that the readiness of Human Resources (HR) has been running several programs to print competent human resources in the field of maritime industry.Keywords: Readiness, Special Economic Zones, Maritime Industry.
Cocoa Purchasing and the Issue of Insecurity in the Akontombra District in the Western Region of Ghana
Authors: Obodai Jacob , Kitson Baffour Asamoah Paul , Edusei Joseph
Published: October 2019

The cocoa industry in Ghana is plagued with a number of challenges. Among such challenges is the issue of insecurity. This notwithstanding, there are limited scholarly findings on the nature and the underlying factors associated with these insecurity issues. This paper examined the cocoa industry in the Sefwi Akontombra District in the Western Region of Ghana and presents an analysis of the processes and procedures for cocoa purchasing in the district; the securityarrangements and mechanisms put in place during cocoa purchasing peak periods; the nature of access roads in cocoa growing areas in the district; and the influence of access roads on the insecurity of cocoa purchasing in the district. The study adopted a qualitative research approach and using a cross sectional study design, the case of OLAM Ghana Limited, a private licensed cocoa buying company operating in Sefwi Akontombra was examined. Primary data were gathered from purchasing clerks, drivers, warehouse keepers and officials of the company. Data from the District Command of the Ghana Police Service and the Department of Feeder Roads district office were solicited using interview guides. Non-participant observation and taking of photography were also employed as data capturing mechanism during the study. The study espoused content analysis in analysing the contents of the interviews and observational field notes in order to identify the main themes that emerge from the responses given by the respondents or the observation notes made. Inferences and implications were drawn then drawn from the analysis. The study found out that there was no security measure by OLAM Ghana Limited to ensure the safety of funds meant for cocoa buying, the storage and the transportation of cocoa beans in the study district. There was also no security arrangement during peak cocoa purchasing periods in the study district by key stakeholders within the cocoa sector in the district. Moreover, access road was further found out to be a major factor that accounts for some of the insecurity issues associated with cocoa purchasing activities in the Sefwi Akontombra District. The study thus recommends the development and adoption of security arrangements and mechanism by all stakeholders within the cocoa industry in the study district and the making of security issues a top priority by OLAM Ghana Limited.
UM OLHAR SOBRE A RELAÇÃO DE ESTÁGIO: O LEGAL E O REAL
Authors: Diniz Luciano dos Santos , Freitas Bruna de , Sanches Junior Paulo Fernandes
Published: October 2019

A Lei nº 11.788, de 25 de setembro de 2008, que dispõe sobre o estágio de estudantes, trouxe uma série de direitos e obrigações para as partes integrantes dessa especial relação de trabalho. Para que essa relação se estabeleça regularmente, faz-se necessário o cumprimento dos requisitos materiais e formais previstos na lei. O presente trabalho aferir o cumprimento da lei nos estágios pactuados com graduandos, realizando uma pesquisa jurisprudencial na base de dados oficiais do Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 3ª Região – Minas Gerais. Na maioria das causas ajuizadas foi comprovado o não cumprimento dos requisitos da lei, mostrando a utilização do estágio um meio de burlar a legislação trabalhista e reduzir os custos com mão de obra.
A PROTEÇÃO DOS REFUGIADOS NO BRASIL, QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO E TRATAMENTO DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA: UMA ANÁLISE NA CIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Da Silva Renan Antônio , Nogueira Ferraz Renato Ribeiro , Nascimento da Silva Gabriel Oliveira
Published: October 2019

O artigo científico tem como escopo a análise do tema sobre a proteção dos refugiados no Brasil combinada com a análise da dignidade da pessoa humana e gênero na cidade de São Paulo. A metodologia utilizada foi a qualitativa de acordo com uma revisão bibliográfica que verificou doutrinas em direitos humanos, constitucional, análise de artigos científicos, matérias publicadas no meio jornalístico e dados apresentados pelas instituições de atendimento aos refugiados. Dividido em três capítulo, o trabalho tem como objetivo geral conceituar a dignidade da pessoa humana e explorar o arsenal que a Constituição Federal de 1988 possui, afirmando as formas inclusivas de recebimentos dos refugiados. Em um segundo momento demonstra-se a historicidade que cerca os refugiados e a busca pelo tratamento digno desde a saída do país de origem até o reestabelecimento no país refugiado. O objetivo específico do trabalho é alcançado ao demonstrar as políticas públicas na cidade de São Paulo, em destaque para o Instituto de Reintegração do Refugiado, o Cáritas Brasileira com a criação do Centro de Acolhida a Refugiados e a atuação do Conselho Municipal do Imigrante que fiscaliza a aplicação das políticas públicas a fim de incluírem e disseminarem atitudes preconceituosas e discriminatórias na sociedade.
DIVISÃO SEXUAL DO TRABALHO NO DELITO DE TRÁFICO DE DROGAS
Authors: Coelho Silva Danielle , De Oliveira Souza Tourinho Luciano
Published: October 2019

Este artigo é um recorte do trabalho de conclusão de curso do curso de Direito e tem como objetivo fazer uma comparação entre a sociedade patriarcal através da divisão sexual do trabalho e seu reflexo no mundo do crime, para isso analisando e criticando o crescente encarceramento feminino, principalmente pelo crime de tráfico de drogas. Através do método hipotético dedutivo, buscou-se abordar o movimento feminista e como ele contribuiu para a diferenciação entre sexo e gênero. Posteriormente, tratou-se da divisão sexual do trabalho, que determina papeis diferenciados para homens e mulheres. Por fim, trouxe a tona a reprodução da hierarquia de gênero no delito de tráfico de drogas e como ele contribui para o aumento do encarceramento das mulheres. Ademais, pretende-se mostrar como a lei é falha e a pena exagerada na sua aplicação para essas detentas.
CIVIL LIABILITY OF THE MENTALLY DISORDERED PEOPLE
Authors: Riahy Mahdis , Esmaeile Mahdi
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, mental disorders are some of the most common diseases in our societies. In most cases mentally disordered people will be having problems with the environment which they live, people around them and even themselves; with the probability of causing damage. The question is does the mentally disordered individual counts responsible for the consequences of his actions or not? If yes, then what type of liability is on his burden and who is responsible for redressing the damages? In any case, which a person is forced to redress another individuals damage he has civil liability against the injured party. Civil liability is a rational and jurisprudential principle, and also a legal maxim that guaranties remedies for faults of individuals inside a contract or any damages done by the acts of individuals outside of a contract. Considering the legal protection Provided for the incapacitated; liability of incapacitated individuals is an important subject of civil and criminal law. Since the sinister intention is essential for criminal liability; the minor and the insane do not have any criminal liability but insanity and minority are not among the disclaimers of civil liability. In some legal systems such as “Common Law” Civil liability of the incapacitated individuals and their wardens is under the rule of general civil liability regulation. However, in Iran I.R. liability of the incapacitated is clearly recognized by the article “1216” of Iranian Civil Code. In respect of the above, we will be researching about the psychotic and mentally ill individuals and their liability in Jurisprudence and Iranian Case Law. Point of this research is to clarify the conditions of the insane and mentally disordered in Iranian Law and the support given to them by the Legislators
VALIDITY AND TIME OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM COMPENSATION IN IRAN AND BRITISH LAW
Authors: Kargar Ali Asghar , Bashokouh Mozafar , Eshghpour Mansour
Published: October 2019

Three ways to enforce the same obligation are to terminate and pay damages in respect of the guarantee of contravening contractual obligations in common legal systems, although the primacy of these compensatory methods varies from one to another in each system. In England, four types of damages are foreseen for breach of contractual obligations: compensatory or remedial damages, recovery or restitution, nominal damages, and punitive damages. Recovery damage is assessed with two predicted damages and repossessing damages. The moral damage is also in the category of compensatory damages, but it has its own rules. In Iranian law, the law expresses some conditions, barriers, and forms of damages. Items such as loss, existence of causality, certainty, predictability, and directness as other conditions involved in creating the right to claim damages are raised by legal theory. Applied issues such as the compensation criteria are also not a specific place in the legal system of Iran. Limitations on damages, including unlikeness, discounting theory, the involvement of the injured party in Cairo's rights in England, have been developed to identify each of the criteria and criteria for evaluation; in the Iranian legal system, Cairo's power is explicitly stated in the law. And other cases have been raised more and more in legal theory. The incomplete and disproportionate expression of the rules governing the compensation of Iranian law as well as the necessity of achieving a comprehensive military system in this regard, taking advantage of the theoretical and practical experience of the English law, is an essential requirement for the present study
VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA À MULHER E PERSPECTIVAS DE AÇÕES PROGRAMÁTICAS: O SENTIDO ESTRUTURAL DA VIOLÊNCIA DIRETA E INDIRETA
Authors: Baptista Vinicius Ferreira
Published: October 2019

O artigo discute a questão da violência contra à mulher na relação entre o sentido legal e o aspecto material de ações. Procura situar a diferença entre a inscrição da violência na ordem jurídica e a necessidade de ações paralelas que atuem sobre elementos da estrutura social, ou seja, tratar a violência do princípio em que se organiza e que reincide. Ao mesmo tempo, traz ações desenvolvidas no Brasil que obtiveram sucesso na redução de reincidência da violência contra à mulher. Metodologicamente, analisamos dados estatísticos disponibilizados em estudos assim como confrontamos com bibliografia pertinente, ao passo em que cotejamos resgate das bases normativas a respeito da violência de gênero. O objetivo foi discutir a necessidade de ações que incidam materialmente no sentido simbólico e prático das relações estruturadas historicamente no âmbito da violência. Assim, resgatou-se a necessidade, no âmbito das políticas públicas, da aproximação entre a compreensão simbólica da origem da violência e sua materialidade reincidente que envolve homens agressores.
ACTIVE PROCESSES IN USUAL AFFIXATION WORD FORMATION OF THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Lukankina Tatyana A. , Shchuklina Tatyana Yu , Mardieva Leyla A. , Wapenhans Heike
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the study of usual affixation word formation as one of the most important operating mechanisms in the Russian derivation system. The goal of the research is to reveal active processes and main trends in usual affixation word formation of the contemporary Russian language.W. Humboldt’s work, where the language is considered not only as a product of human activity, but as the activity itself, as well as E.A. Zemskaya's ideas concerning active and creative nature of the Russian word formation as a subsystem of the general language system.The usual affixation word formation is an actively and dynamically developing aspect of the derivation system existing in the contemporary Russian language. News media language actively uses the resources inherent in the system and the norms of the Russian language: neologisms in newspaper texts are primarily generated through the usual derivation models. It has been revealed that the most productive affixation means of the usual innovations generation comprise the following: suffixation, prefixation, zero-suffixation and affixation-like word formation, wherein the most popular one is suffixation. At the present stage of the Russian language development we witness an increase in adaptive function of word formation types. Joining native Russian affixes to the borrowed stems appears to be one the most productive patterns in the contemporary usual affixation word building, where suffixation is the most demanding one. The research results obtained can contribute to the development of the lexical derivatology, lexical semantics, neology, and language stylistics problems. The promising character of elaborating the declared subject is conditioned by the language processes in mass media activation, which will probably require further study of neologization aspects in mass media texts in the nearest future, making possible to explore the functional and pragmatic potential in word formation resources of the contemporary Russian language.
DESCRIPTION OF THE CONCEPT “OLDNESS” FROM THE CULTURAL LINGUISTICS’ POINT OF VIEW IN SPANISH AND RUSSIAN (BASED ON LEXICOGRAPHICAL SOURCES)
Authors: Pashonina Alesya S. , Dadberova Fatima M.
Published: October 2019

Due to the increased attention of modern science to a man as a representative of culture, conceptual linguistics turned out to be one of the most promising directions in linguistics. The concept is a kind of semantic nest that covers a significant part of the language vocabulary. In this paper, the concept of old age in Spanish and Russian languages was studied on the basis of lexicographic sources. However, lexicographic sources are only an attempt to order a language integrated into the syncretic consciousness of a person for research purposes. The concepts are implemented in a language using semantic fields. The field theory is based on the idea of regularities and semantic links existence between linguistic units. The linguistic-cultural concept as a conventional unit can only be considered in cooperation with other concepts. The concept of old age was described in connection with the concepts of wisdom, stupidity, respect, neglect, death, life, fear, poverty and wealth.In both languages old age is understood as the phenomenon of predominantly negative nature, but with a higher percentage of units with improvement evaluation in Spanish. The obtained data will be tested in speech by the means of a free associative experiment. The research has an applied value in such related sciences as pedagogy, gerontology and sociology.
DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS OF SERVICE CENTER COMPANIES NETWORK ACCOMMODATION
Authors: Lysanov Denis M. , Karamyshev Anton N. , Abrosimova Ekaterina V. , Fedorov Dmitry F.
Published: October 2019

The density of the car service companies significantly affects the quality of services and determines the level of saturation of the market. Optimal placement of service centers allows reducing unproductive expenditures of time and money of clients for delivery of vehicles to their places of work, and thereby contributes to the increase in demand for services.
ECONOMIC EDUCATION: THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN NATIONAL ECONOMIC SYSTEM
Authors: Vaslavskaya I.Yu. , Bilyalova A. A. , Tarasova A.N.
Published: October 2019

The paper examines the role and core functions of the state in the system of vertical and horizontal linkages between economic actors and government, which are connected due to the exchange of activity and its results. The concepts of organization and self-organization are considered as the essential characteristics of structural ties in the national economic system. It is acceptable that the mechanism of self-movement of the economic system is based on provoking changes at different levels of organizational relations. The main theoretical approaches to the role of the state which are based on the theory of social contract and the theory of exploitation are analyzed. It is proved that in both theories the state is empowered to establish and redistribute property rights either in accordance with the interests of members of society or in accordance with the interests of the governing group. It was concluded that the tasks of the state are contradictory in the national economic system. Such conclusion is based on the need to define a set of property rights that would maximize the aggregate product of society. On this basis, the relationship between the theories of state and law is shown. Particular attention is paid to assessing the effectiveness of the state as the central institution of the economic system and the main criteria for protecting property rights. It is determined that when choosing the methods of legal protection of property rights, the main point is criterion of economic efficiency
ETHNO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ARCHETYPES: UNCHANGEABLE CODES OF THE HISTORY
Authors: Godjaturk Narman
Published: October 2019

The internal mechanism of mythical subjects’ self-organization resuscitates the folklore and gives life to it at any time. The folklore becomes active only in a person’s life. Particular people renew forms existing for centuries on the improvisation basis. Thus one can get rid of monotony and a tradition gets a new breath in the performance of each person as well. The tradition is kept, but expressed by a new rhythm and breath. And it shows that myths always live and go through centuries in a new improvisation. Elements of mythical thinking, as archaeological types, always become the center of the researchers’ attention. But there are still such problems in this area, so that are of scientific interest. There are issues among them that have a direct appeal to the philosophical thinking. The observation of striking similarities among myths of the world people is of this kind. These are plot similarities. Even the mythical plots of nations located in a remote geography quite far from one another contain elements and images similar to each other. In Turkish provinces everybody knows the Khizir’s Spirit as a cradle song. It is the symbol of the Holiness from its original date. Khizir- a thousand year old Turk fondles his love by the language of the lullaby and bayaties.He has made a tale of his Memory and set up a great deal of saga for himself. In this case the evaluation of mythological plots always maintains its topicality as one of the important terms.
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF BANKING INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN RUSSIA AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Authors: Yusupova Lilia M. , Nikonova Tatyana V. , Kodolova Irina A. , Musailova Mariya A.
Published: October 2019

One of the areas of activity in modern economy, where information technology value is traditionally high, is the financial and credit sphere. Computer banking networks provide a communication function and provide access to shared resources. Information systems of credit institutions allow to provide remote customer service. This article examines the peculiarities of banking information systems in Russia and abroad in two main areas: remote banking services and information technologies for the management of commercial banks. The authors have studied into the features of banking information systems in Russia and abroad, and have characterized the above mentioned systems, outlined the current trends in the IT development in credit organizations of modern Russia. The research allowed the authors to drawa conclusion that information technologies play an important role in attracting new customers to banks and ensuring interaction with them.. Information banking technologies directly determine the credit organization's ability to develop business and improve internal processes and customer service systems. In this connection, the article suggests the further development of IT sphere as a factor of improving the quality of services and increasing the profit of banks.
GEOGRAPHY, MULTICULTURALISM, CITY: MODERN ASPECTS
Authors: Ijudina Svetlana N. , Khusnutdinova Svetlana R. , Urazmetov Ildar A. , Ulengov Ruslan A. , Kubishkina Elena N.
Published: October 2019

Education is an inseparable part of current global processes which is shaping and at the same reflecting the basic changes in economic, social and ecological spheres. One of the most significant current global trends is the high level of mobility of people - from tourism to growing working migration. Relocation of people, mixture of ethnic groups and nationalities have taken place in all epochs of the history of humanity but it has never been so grand-scale, that is including absolutely all continents. The development of transport, information technologies have simplified people’s relocation, including with educational purposes. Such state of things has identified multiculturalism as a separate branch of pedagogical theory and practice. Russia is a multicultural state that has formed a corresponding system of education as the foundation of national culture, outlook, based on variety of cultures, languages, traditions. Modern challenges of social development formulate a sophisticated task of up-bringing in the spirit of deep respect to all nations, the ability to communicate and cooperate with people of various nationalities, social groups, religions. Among the multitude of tasks of multicultural education, connected with designing of its contents, the most important from our point of view is the up-bringing of a multiculturally orientated personality. Multiculturally orientated personality possesses civic self-actualization, means of creative self-organization and self- realization in the multicultural world. It must possess key general competences, including the knowledge of basics and objective laws of the development of multicultural world, the ability to orientate in the cultural multi-variety of the world. The major role in solution of the task is given to studying geography, shaping geographic culture. Geoculturalistic agenda, various aspects of studying geography has very deep roots. Geography is tensely connected with the idea of culture. Culture is territorial, that is it experiences full-scaled influence of geographic factor, it is differentiated in space, and is organized in a very special way, developing and functioning in specific, immanent territorial forms. Besides, teaching geography at school does not correspond to the current demands to full extent. In secondary school, especially in city, geography is taught only in specialized classes which obviously diminish the opportunities of developing multiculturual environment to full scale. These and many other aspects of shaping geographic culture of students are realized on bachelor degree course and master course in institutions of higher education. Thus, the development of geographic culture, advance of geographic education should become the important part in solution the problems of multicultural education and multicultural preparation of specialists.
IMITATION MODELING FOR THE PURPOSE OF FORMATION OF THE OPTIMUM ASSORTMENT SALES POLICY
Authors: Atyunkina Irina , Kirpikov Alexey
Published: October 2019

Within the framework of the scientific work, the algorithm for formation of an optimal mix of the sold commodity items in the conditions of managing the risk of changing the capital structure and obtaining the required effectiveness of the financial and economic activity of an economic entity is investigated. A methodological algorithm for solving the problem is proposed using the tool of simulation modeling. Consideration of alternative approaches to financing the structure of commodity stocks of an organization taking into account possible scenarios of changing market conditions determining the efficiency of the company's operating activities served as the target for the formation of an array of simulation experiments. Based on the provisions of the corporate finance theory, a functional relationship was established between the productive and factor characteristics of the simulation model. Justification of the author's position on the specific features of the solution of the problem posed stipulated the inclusion in the methodological algorithm of the basics of ABC-XYZ analysis, as well as the VAR toolkit. Analytical processing of the results was based on the interpretation of descriptive statistics indicators, the most important of which was the share of experiments demonstrating the possibility of maintaining the required margin of financial strength, as well as the absolute amount of profit before tax, obtained as a result of the mathematical expectation of profit in conditions of optimistic, probable and pessimistic scenarios
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SELECTIVE STRATEGY OF STATE REGULATION OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN TERMS OF MONOPROPELLANT SITE (ON EXAMPLE OF THE CHISTOPOLSKY MUNICIPAL AREA)
Authors: Yusupova Irina V. , Kadyrova Leilia R.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the implementation of selective (mixed) strategy of state regulation of the labor market in terms of monopropellant areas, involving constant monitoring of the labor market areas, the adoption of operational measures in the field of reducing unemployment and increasing employment, as well as selective screening workforce. In conditions of non-diversified economy of the territory the problems of employment and unemployment are particularly acute and require an additional set of measures to reduce labor market difficulties. The state regulation of the labor market in the Russian Federation in terms of providing employment and reducing the overall and registered unemployment rates has more than a 25-year history. Effective organization of public works, as well as vocational training and training of unemployed citizens, including disabled people, persons without a profession, as well as women with children under the age of 3 years, is an established activity aimed at practically guaranteed employment of these categories of people. At the same time, an effective mechanism for implementing selective (mixed) strategies is the outstripping training of people who are at risk of mass dismissal (lockout) from enterprises and organizations.