bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sleep Deprivation among Health-Care Workers: A Cross-sectional Study at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital
Authors: Getu Ayechew Adera , Tesfaye Winta , Yeshaw Yigizie , Dagnew Baye , Addis Yohannes
Published: April 2022

Background: Sleep disturbance is a common problem among health care workers and it has been associated with poor clinical services including medical errors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep deprivation and identify factors impacting among health care workers at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia. Methods: Health care workers were approached to subjectively assessed their sleep quality. Study participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and they reported demographic, working departments, and behavioral information. Poor sleep quality was defined as a PSQI score >5. Multiple binary logistic regression was used to estimate the strength of the association between risk factors and sleep deprivations. P value ≤ 0.05 was used to declare statistically significant. Results: A total of 418 surveys were completed. The mean age of the study participants was 30.7 years (SD ± 6.3). The overall prevalence of poor sleepers was 58.9% [95% CI (54.2, 63.6%)]. Being female [AOR=1.9, 95%CI (1.2, 2.9)], working in night shifts [AOR=5.7, 95%CI (2.3, 14.3), physically inactive [AOR=2.08(1.2-3.6)], chewing khat [AOR = 3.1, 95% CI (1.2, 7.6)], and the presence of depressive symptoms [AOR = 2.6, 95% CI (1.3, 6.8)] were significantly associated with sleep deprivation. Conclusion: Based on the PSQI scoring, the prevalence of sleep deprivation among health care workers was high. Night shiftwork schedule, lack of regular physical activity, chewing khat, and the presence of depressive symptoms were associated with sleep deprivation. This research suggests sleep interventions for health care workers.
Two-body freefall time in a matter dominant expanding universe
Authors: Xu Sean
Published: April 2022

Predicting freefall time is a major problem in galactic dynamics. The relaxation time of collisionless dark matter, which heavily influences galaxy evolution, is closely related to its freefall time. Calculating freefall time using Kepler’s Third Law does not consider the effects of the universe’s expansion. This paper proposes a new formula for calculating freefall time in an expanding background. The derivation of the formula starts from the governing equations of an N-body system in an expanding background. Two-body simulations were run using equations of motion with constant damping (to represent the effects of expansion) derived from the N-body equations. More than 5,200 different two-body systems with different separation distances, mass, and damping were simulated. The simulated freefall time was compared with good agreement against the proposed formula. The results demonstrate that two-body freefall time is dependent on the time at which collapse began. The earlier it began, the longer the freefall time. A weak gravitational attraction, caused by the small mass of the system or the great distances involved, exacerbates this effect. The galaxy that started to form earlier is expected to take longer to form. A better understanding of freefall time can lead to greater insight into galaxies’ historical and future evolution.
Intraoperative abobotulinumtoxinA alleviates pain after surgery and improves general wellness in a translational animal model
Authors: Cornet Sylvie , Carré Denis , Limana Lorenzo , Castel David , Meilin Sigal , Horn Ron , Pons Laurent , Evans Steven , Lezmi Stephane , Kalinichev Mikhail
Published: April 2022

Pain after surgery remains a significant healthcare challenge. Here, activity of abobotulinumtoxinA (aboBoNT-A, Dysport®) was assessed in a post-surgical pain model in pigs. Full-skin-muscle incision and retraction surgery on the lower flank was followed by intradermal injections of either aboBoNT-A (100, 200, or 400 U/pig), vehicle (saline), or wound infiltration of liposomal extended-release bupivacaine. Animals were assessed for mechanical sensitivity, distress behaviors, latency to approach the investigator for 5 days following surgery. Immunohistochemical analyses of total and cleaved synaptosomal-associated protein-25 kD (SNAP-25) and pain-related biomarkers were performed in the aboBoNT-A-400 U and saline groups. At Day 1, partial reversion of mechanical allodynia was achieved in aboBoNT-A groups with full reversion from Day 3. Reduced distress and normalized approaching responses were observed with aboBoNT-A from 6 h post-surgery. Bupivacaine reversed mechanical allodynia for 24 h after surgery but did not affect distress or approaching responses. Cleaved SNAP-25 was absent in the skin and dorsal root ganglia but present in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of aboBoNT-A-injected animals. A decrease in some pain-related biomarkers was seen with aboBoNT-A versus saline. Clinical investigation to support the use of aboBoNT-A as a tolerable and efficacious analgesic drug for post-surgical pain, is warranted.
Cortisol Response to Psychosocial Stress in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: The Role of Mental Distress, Fatigue and Quality of Life
Authors: Gecaite-Stonciene Julija , Hughes Brian M. , Kazukauskiene Nijole , Bunevicius Adomas , Burkauskas Julius , Neverauskas Julius , Bellani Marcella , Mickuviene Narseta
Published: April 2022

We aimed to explore the relationship between cortisol response to psychosocial stress, mental distress, fatigue and HRQoL in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) after recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS). A cross-sectional study initially included 113 subjects (88% men, 53 ± 7 years) 1–3 weeks after ACS. Cortisol response was assessed by measuring salivary cortisol during Trier Social Stress Test. Mental distress was measured with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Type D Scale-14. Fatigue symptoms were evaluated using Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20-items, while Health related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed with 36-Item Short Form Medical Outcome Questionnaire. After conducting multivariable linear regression analyses, diminished cortisol response during public speech was significantly associated with higher anxiety symptoms (β=-0.224; p = 0.035), while diminished cortisol response during pre-task preparation was significantly linked with the presence of Type D personality (β=-0.290; p = 0.006; β=-0.282; p = 0.008 respectively), even after controlling for confounders (i.e., sex, age, education, NYHA functional class, beta-blockers and baseline levels of cortisol measures). We found that mental distress, but not fatigue and HRQoL, was linked with blunted cortisol response during psychosocial stress, independently of potential covariates.
In silico identification of the rare-coding pathogenic mutations and structural modeling of human NNAT gene associated with Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Azmi Muhammad Bilal , Naeem Unaiza , Saleem Arisha , Jawed Areesha , Usman Haroon , Qureshi Shamim Akhter , Azim Muhammad Kamran
Published: April 2022

Purpose Increase susceptibility towards Anorexia nervosa (AN) was reported with reduced levels of NNAT gene. We sought to investigate the most pathogenic rare-coding missense mutations (nsSNPs) of NNAT and their potential damaging impact on protein function through transcript level sequence and structure based in silico approaches. Methods Gene sequence, SNPs of NNAT was retrieved from public databases and the putative post-translational modification (PTM) sites were analyzed. Distinctive in silico algorithms were recruited for transcript level SNPs analyses and to characterized high risk rare-coding nsSNPs along with their impact on protein stability function. Ab initio 3D-modeling of wild-type, alternate model prediction for most deleterious nsSNP, validation and recognition of druggable binding pockets were also performed. AN 3D therapeutic compounds followed rule of drug-likeness were docked with most pathogenic variant of NNAT to estimate the drugs’ binding free energies. Results Conclusively, 10 transcripts (201–205) based nsSNPs from 3 rare-coding missense variants i.e., rs539681368, rs542858994, rs560845323 out of 840 exonic SNPs were identified. Transcript based functional impact analyses predicted rs539681368 (C30Y) from NNAT-204 as the high risk rare-coding pathogenic nsSNP, deviating protein functions. The 3D-modeling analysis of AN drugs’ binding energies indicated lowest binding free energy (ΔG) and significant inhibition constant (Ki) with mutant models C30Y. Conclusions Mutant model (C30Y) exhibiting significant drug binding affinity and the commonest interaction observed at the acetylation site K59. Thus, based on these findings, we concluded that the identified nsSNP may serve as potential targets for various studies, diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. Level of evidence No level of evidence
Placental macrophage (Hofbauer cell) response to viral and bacterial ligands is influenced by fetal sex
Authors: Pantazi Paschalia , Kaforou Myrsini , Tang Zhonghua , Abrahams Vikki , McArdle Andrew , Guller Seth , Holder Beth
Published: April 2022

Bacterial and viral infections of the placenta are associated with inflammation and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hofbauer cells (HBCs) are specialised fetal-origin macrophages in the placental villi and are proposed to protect the fetus from vertical transmission of pathogens; however, they are poorly understood. Here, we have performed quantitative proteomics on term HBCs under resting conditions and following exposure to bacterial and viral pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and investigated the contribution of fetal sex to these responses. Resting HBCs expressed a plethora of proteins pertinent to macrophage function, including chemokines, cytokines, Toll-like receptors, and classical and non-classical major histocompatibility complex class I and II molecules. HBCs mounted divergent responses to bacterial versus viral PAMPs but exhibited protein expression changes suggestive of a switch towards a more pro-inflammatory phenotype. A comparison between male and female HBCs, showed that the latter mounted a much stronger and wider response. Sexual dimorphism in HBCs was primarily associated with lipid metabolism in males and cytoskeleton organisation in females. We provide a novel and comprehensive understanding regarding the phenotype of term placental macrophages and their sex-dependent responses to infectious triggers.
MiRNA-6870-3p regulates LPS-induced epicardial adipose tissue inflammatory genes via targeting Tollip-mediated JNK and NF-κB signaling in coronary artery disease
Authors: Wu JianGuo , Yang wenkai , Huang haozhong , Tang kai , Zheng Guang-Di
Published: April 2022

Objective: MiR-6870-3p acts as a crucial regulator of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and participates in immune responses. However, the roles of miR-6870-3p and its target genes and their underlying mechanisms in the inflammatory responses of epicardial adipose tissues (EATs) are unknown.Methods: MiRNA microarray was used to collect miRNA expression profiles in EATs from five patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and four individuals without CAD (n-CAD). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to check the expression of miR-6870-3p in CAD and n-CAD EATs. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Tollip and the key genes of the TLR4 signaling pathway were examined by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The levels of inflammatory factors in the cell supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bioinformatics algorithms were used to predict the target gene of miR-6870-3p, and the result was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The protein expression levels of JNK and NF-κB were measured by Western blot.Resules:Our results showed that miR-6870-3p was remarkably higher in CAD EATs than in n-CAD EATs. MiR-6870-3p was positively correlated with TLR4, IL-6, JNK, NF-κB (p65), and TNF-α in CAD EAT samples. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment upregulated miR-6870-3p mRNA expression and downregulated Tollip mRNA and protein expression in macrophages. MiR-6870-3p upregulation also aggravated the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, when the macrophages were stimulated with LPS. The result of luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-6870-3p directly targets Tollip. Moreover, miR-6870-3p upregulation in macrophages resulted in the activation of the JNK/NF-κB pathway.Conclusion:Our study concluded that miR-6870-3p regulates human EAT inflammation by targeting Tollip-mediated JNK and NF-κB signaling events.
Revealing the Evolution of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Follicular Lymphoma Patients Progressing Within 24 Months Using Single-cell Imaging Mass Cytometry
Authors: Liu Long , Yu Xingxing , Li Zhifeng , He Xiaohua , Zha Jie , Lin Zhijuan , Hong Yan , Zheng Huijian , Lai Qian , Ding Kaiyang , Jia Xian , Fu Guo , Yu Haifeng , Yang Haiyan , Li Zhiming , Young Ken H. , Xu Bing
Published: April 2022

Background: The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is crucial for follicular lymphoma (FL) pathogenesis and progression. However, TIME evolution during progression of disease within 24 months (POD24) is unknown.Methods: Spatially-resolved and single-cell image mass cytometry with a panel of 36 meta-tagged antibodies was quantitatively used to dissect the TIME structure in 13 paired FLs at diagnosis and POD24. Results: Increased CD163− macrophages with PD-1 ligand upregulation and decreased CD8+T cells with upregulated LAG3 expression were observed in the follicles during POD24. Spatial interactions demonstrated that FL cells interacted more intimately with macrophages rather than Tregs and less with cytotoxic cells during POD24. Additionally, more CD8+T cells near FL cells interacted with macrophages but not Tregs during POD24. Notably, macrophages also cooperated with Tregs more frequently to simultaneously hijack the cytotoxic T-cells and protect FL cells, subsequently generating a more immunosuppressive environment in the follicles during POD24. Conclusions: FL cells reside in a more immune-compromised microenvironment, evading immune-cell attacks during POD24. Novel immunotherapeutic approaches harnessing LAG3, macrophages, and Tregs will be promising to overcome the poor outcomes of patients with FL POD24.
Whole-genome comparison of representatives of all variants of SARS-CoV-2, including subvariant BA.2 and the GKA clade
Authors: Suardana Ida Bagus Kade , Mahardika Bayu K. , Pharmawati Made , Sudipa Putu H. , Sari Tri Komala , Mahendra Nyoman B. , Mahardika Gusti N.
Published: April 2022

Since its discovery at the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly evolved into many variants, including subvariant BA.2 and the GKA clade. Genomic clarification is needed for better management of the current pandemic as well as the possible re-emergence of novel variants. The sequence of the original strain Wuhan-Hu-1 and approximately 20 representatives of each variant were downloaded from GenBank and GISAID. Two representatives with no track of un-definitive nucleotides were selected. The sequences were aligned using Muscle. The location of insertion/deletion (indel) in the genome was mapped following the open reading frame (ORF) of Wuhan-Hu-1. Amino acid substitutions in all ORFs were analysed separately. Evolutionary analysis was inferred using maximum likelihood. There are two indel sites in ORF1AB, eight in spike, and one each in ORF3A, Matrix (MA), Nucleoprotein (NP), and the 3’-untranslated regions (3’UTR). Some indel sites are not unique, and some are variant specific. There are 10 residues shared by the Omicron, BA2, and GKA lineages. Three deletions in NP are unique to Omicron and BA.2; two substitutions in ORF1AB, four in spike, three in NP, and two in ORF7A and ORF8 were exclusive to the Delta and GPA clades. Delta, Omicron, and BA.2 share the same single residue spike. Three insertions in spike are unique for Omicron and GKA. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the Omicron, BA.2, and GKA clades share a common cluster that emerged from Delta. In conclusion, whole-genome comparison reveals indels and polymorphic amino acids specific to variants or sub-variants. We propose that the GKA clade is an Omicron subvariant. Finally, the higher transmissibility of BA.2 might be attributed to a 48-nucleotide deletion in the 3’UTR.
Management in Business Analytics: An Ego-Centric NetworkApproach
Authors: C Correa Juan , Lukas Arango , Hugo Díaz , Luis Zárate , Karim Kure , Carlos Huertas , Nicolas Gomez
Published: April 2022

Managers know well the utility of business analytics for decision-making purposes.Nonetheless, quantitative scrutiny on the link between management and businessanalytics remains unexplored. We address this gap by combining bibliometric datacollection techniques with text mining and ego-centric network analyses followingreproducible research standards. Results show that only 12.33% of a total of 381sampled documents from the Scopus database revealed an explicit link between theterm “management” with the bigram “business analytics” and the size the ego-centric network proved to be almost a quarter of the size of the extensive networkthat represents all conceptual keyword co-occurrences in the literature. We arguethat, in contrast to common wisdom, our results suggest that the link betweenbusiness analytics and management remains incipient, and this has essential teach-ing implications for business schools aiming at including business analytics in theircurricula.
Clinical determinants and prognostic significance of hypocapnia in acute heart failure.
Authors: Garus Mateusz , Zdanowicz Agata , Fudim Marat , Zymliński Robert , Niewiński Piotr , Paleczny Bartłomiej , Rosiek-Biegus Marta , Iwanek Gracjan , Ponikowski Piotr , Biegus Jan
Published: April 2022

Aim.
The aim of this research was to examine the prevalence of hyperventilation (defined by pCO2 value) among acute heart failure (AHF) patients and to link it with potential triggers and prognosis.
Methods.
AHF patients underwent multidirectional assessment including capillary blood gas examination on hospital admission and during hospitalization.
Results.
Out of 241 AHF patients, 57(24%) were assigned to low pCO2 group (pCO2 > 30mmHg) and 184 (76%) to normal pCO2 group (pCO2 > 30mmHg). Low pCO2 group had significantly lower HCO3- (22.3 ± 3.4 mmol/L vs 24.7 ± 2.9 mmol/L p < 0.0001) and significantly higher lactate level (2.53 ± 1.6 vs 2.14 ± 0.97 p = 0.03). No differences between groups were observed in respect to the following potential triggers of hyperventilation: hypoxia (sO2 92.5 ± 5.2 vs 92 ± 5.6, p = 0.57), infection (CRP 10.5[4.9–26.4] vs 7.15[3.45–17.35], p = 0.47), dyspnea severity (7.8 ± 2.3 vs 8.0 ± 2.3, p = 0.59) and pulmonary congestion (82.5% vs 89.1%, p = 0.19), respectively. Low pCO2 value was related to an increased one-year all-cause mortality hazard ratio (HR) (95%CI): 2.2 (1.3–3.6); p = 0.002 and risk of death and of rehospitalization for HF, HR (95%CI): 2.0 (1.3-3.0); p = 0.002.
Conclusion.
Hyperventilation is relatively frequent in AHF and is related to poor prognosis. Low pCO2 was not contingent on expected potential triggers of dyspnea but rather on tissue hypoperfusion.
Potentially Harmful Metals, Water Toxicity, Source Apportionment, and Potential Health Risk in Groundwater of Sheikhupura, Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Zahid , Ghani Junaid , Rashid Abdur , Ali Asmat , Iqbal Javed , Rehman Hamad Ur
Published: April 2022

The presence of potentially harmful metals (PHMs) in drinking groundwater is a common environmental problem in Pakistan. Ingestion of PHMs polluted water, can cause a variety of harmful health impacts in humans. However, in Pakistan, only a little level of attention is given to quantitative and qualitative evaluation of groundwater utilized for ingestion motive. Therefore, this research was aimed for the first time to evaluate the levels of PHMs in drinking groundwater sources of Sheikhupura, Pakistan. A total of (n=243) samples were collected and subjected to analyze PHMs concentration like arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), along with pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC). The results show the concentration of PHMs such as As (91%), Mn (14%), Pb (97%), Fe (45%), Zn (15%), Cu (0%), and Ni (0%), samples were beyond the WHO recommended values for PHMs in drinking water. Saturation indices results shows that the aquifers of the study area are saturated for lead hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, and goethite minerals, indicating that these minerals have a vital role in the contamination of groundwater sources of the study area. Principal component analysis (PCA) results with total variability of (60.154%) reveal that the groundwater sources of the study area are contaminated due to (30.9%) geogenic sources, (31.3%) anthropogenic sources, and (37.6%) of mixed type including both geogenic and anthropogenic sources. Health risk exposure assessment results predicted potential health risk on the population of the study area.
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of an Endangered orchid species Dendrobium huoshanense (Orchidaceae) and phylogenetic analysis with related species
Authors: Wang Bin , Chen Jun , Li Min
Published: April 2022

The family Orchidaceae, including many medicinal plants, is a famous ornamental plant. While, Dendrobium huoshanense is an endangered Orchidaceae species mainly distributed in Huoshan county, Anhui province, China. Here, using the program MITObim v1.7, we assembled the complete chloroplast genome sequence of D. huoshanense, which consists of 153,188 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IR) of 26,525 bp. The genome also includes one small and one large single-copy region (SSC and LSC) of 14,524 bp and 85,614 bp, respectively. GC content of the genome is 40.0%, and it contains 129 genes coding for 76 proteins. Codon usage analysis showed that a total of 23,448 codons were identified, and the simple-sequence repeat sequences mainly contain A/T mononucleotide. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that D. huoshanense belongs to the Dendrobium of the Orchidaceae family, which is in accordance with the traditional classification. The research finding in this paper will be beneficial for further investigations on Dendrobium huoshanense from the aspect of evolution, and chloroplast genetic engineering.
Prognostic and Immunological Role of FCER1G in multiple cancers
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxuan , Cai Jing , Yang Zhenzhou , Song Fangzhou
Published: April 2022

The high-affinity IgE receptor gamma subunit gene (FCER1G) plays a pivotal role in allergic inflammatory signaling, which is closely associated with allergic reactions. Previous studies have shown that FCER1G is an innate immunity gene and is involved in the development of many diseases. However, the role of FCER1G in pan-cancer has not been fully studied. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of FCER1G in pan-cancer and investigate the relationship between FCER1G expression and immune infiltration. We analyzed FCER1G mRNA expression in the Oncomine, TIMER, and GEPIA databases. We used GEPIA, PrognoScan, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter to analyze the prognostic value of FCER1G. We explored the correlations between FCER1G expression and immune infiltration in TIMER databases. Cytoscape was used to perform pathway enrichment and functional enrichment analyses. Spearman method was used to determine the statistical significance.FCER1G can act as a prognostic marker for pan-cancer, FCER1G expression can affect patients' prognosis and correlate with immune cells infiltration. In kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma, FCER1G is closely associated with different immune cells infiltration states and tumor purity, and immune infiltration can interact with FCER1G-mediated activities both in tumor cells and immune cells. FCER1G can be used to predict the efficacy of immunological checkpoint therapy among these types of tumors patients. Our study also provides an important basis for the clinical use of FCER1G to assess the patient immune status and the selection of individualized immunotherapy options.
Combined preoperative plasma fibrinogen and D-Dimer concentration as a prognostic marker of endometrial cancer
Authors: Wan Lixin , Wu Yuanyuan , Yao Xiaojuan , Han Jingru , Si Jiaoyang , Wei Xiajie , Yang Xiaotian , Wang Yang , Yu Guiqing , Liu Yangfan , Yang Zheng , Shan Minghui , Zheng Jiaojiao , Yang Hushan , Bao Dengke
Published: April 2022

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined prognostic value of D-dimer and fibrinogen in EC patients. We evaluated the prognostic value of preoperative plasma fibrinogen and D-Dimer concentration in EC patients using Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis demonstrated that EC patients with higher levels of plasma fibrinogen or D-Dimer had a significantly poorer overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Furthermore, combination of fibrinogen and D-Dimer levels significantly improved the efficacy for predicting RFS of EC patient. Patients with higher fibrinogen or D-Dimer levels exhibited a significantly poorer RFS in both the univariate and multivariate analysis. In conclusions, the preoperative plasma fibrinogen and D-Dimer concentrations may serve as potential prognostic factors for EC patients, and combination of fibrinogen and D-Dimer concentration may be a potential marker for predicting RFS of EC patients.
Inducing Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in symmetrical multilayers using post annealing
Authors: ahmadi khadijeh , Mahfouzi Farzad , Jamilpanah Loghman , Mohseni Morteza , Böttcher Tobias , Pirro Philipp , Kioussis Nicholas , Åkerman Johan , Mohseni Seyed Majid
Published: April 2022

The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (iDMI) is an antisymmetric exchange interaction that is induced by the broken inversion symmetry at the interface of, e.g., a ferromagnet/heavy metal. Thus, the presence of iDMI is not expected in symmetrical multilayer stacks of such structures. Here, we use thermal annealing to induce the iDMI in a [Py/Pt]×10 symmetrical multilayer stack. Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy is used to directly evidence the iDMI induction in the annealed sample. Structural characterizations highlight the modified crystallinity as well as a higher surface roughness of the sample after annealing. First principles electronic structure calculations demonstrate a monotonic increase of the iDMI with the interfacial disorder due to the interdiffusion of atoms, depicting the possible origin of the induced iDMI. The presented method can be used to tune the iDMI strength in symmetric multilayers, which are the integral part of racetrack memories, magnonic devices as well as spin-orbitronic elements.
Antibiotic treatments to mothers during the perinatal period leaving hidden trouble on infants
Authors: Ji Chenyang , Zhang Geer , Xu Siyuan , Xiang Qingyi , Huang Meishuang , Zhao Meirong , Bai Xiaoxia
Published: April 2022

Antibiotic application during the perinatal period is unavoidable in clinical, but the potential effects on mothers and infants remain unknown. Herein, 25 breast milk samples from mothers who received cefuroxime (CXM) or CXM+cefoxitin (CFX) treatments and fecal samples from their infants were collected to investigate antibiotics induced undesirable effects on the microbiota of mothers and neonates. Furthermore, five fecal samples of infants, whose mothers had antibiotic treatments, were collected in a six-month postpartum follow-up visit to evaluate the long-term effects on infants’ gut microbiota. Moreover, the relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in fecal samples was compared to investigate the transfer of ARGs in infants’ gut microbiota. The results indicated that the antibiotic treatments had no influence on the microbiota of breast milk. The dominant bacteria phyla in the fecal samples had changed to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria after antibiotic treatments; while the bacterial community showed a recuperative trend in follow-up visits. Besides, the abundance of ARGs of infants’ gut microbiota demonstrated declining trend in CXM- and CXM+CFX-treated groups, while ARGs abundance presented a significant increasing trend after a 6-month recovery period.Conclusion: Antibiotic treatments to mothers during perinatal period would disturb the gut microbiota in neonates. The infants’ gut microbiota would partly return to their initial state after rehabilitation, but the transfer of ARGs would leave the hidden trouble of antibiotic resistance. Overall, data presented here can help to guide the scientific use of antibiotics during the perinatal period and provide potential approaches to mitigate the negative consequences.
Quantitative comparison of three-dimensional microstructure and determination of structural representative volume elements for the intact and compacted loess
Authors: Zhang Linxin , Qi Shengwen , Hou Xiaokun , Guo Songfeng , Li Zhiqing , Li Guoliang , Ma Lina
Published: April 2022

The pore structure is one of the most important properties of loess, which can directly affect the other properties such as water content, permeability and strength. It is of great significance to study the loess pore structure to ensure the safety and reliability of large-scale land creation and artificial infrastructure in the loess region. In this paper, the 3D pore characterization of intact loess and four kinds of compacted loess (with different dry densities) was investigated by microscale computed tomography. An efficient workflow is proposed to determine the structural representative volume elements of intact loess and compacted loess. Quantitative statistical analysis has shown that the heterogeneous level of the compacted loess is much greater than that of the intact loess on a microscopic scale. The intact loess has a higher porosity than the compacted loess, mainly because it has much more pores with an equivalent radius of 5~13μm. And the pores of intact loess are more connected and more stable. As the compactness increases, pores of the compacted loess have been compressed, separated, or even disappeared. And pore disappearance of the small pores (<7μm) mainly occurs under low compaction, while the compression and separation of medium (7~12μm) and large pores (>12μm) are dominant under high compaction. Moreover, the compacted loess will become more stable due to the present warm-humid climate.
B1 - and B1 /B2 -adrenergic receptor antagonists block 6-nitrodopamine- induced contractions on the rat isolated epididymal vas deferens
Authors: Lima Antonio Tiago , Amorim Amanda Consulin , Britto-Júnior José , Campitelli Raquel Rios , Fregonesi Adriano , Mónica Fabíola Z. , Antunes Edson , Nucci Gilberto
Published: April 2022

6-nitrodopamine (6-ND) is an endogenous modulator of the contractility in the rat isolated epididymal vas deferens (RIEVD) and considered to be the main peripheral mediator of the emission process. Use of selective and unselective b-adrenergic receptor antagonists have been associated with ejaculatory failure. Here, the effects of selective b1- and b1/ b2- adrenergic receptor antagonists on RIEVD contractions induced by 6-ND, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline and EFS were investigated. The selective b1 adrenergic receptor antagonists atenolol (0.1 and 1mM), betaxolol (1mM) and metoprolol (1mM) and the unselective b1/b2- adrenergic receptor antagonists propranolol (1 and 10mM) and pindolol (10mM) caused significant rightward shifts of the concentration-response curve to 6-ND (pA2 6.41, 6.91, 6.75, 6.47 and 5.74; for atenolol, betaxolol, metoprolol, propranolol and pindolol), but had no effect on dopamine-, noradrenaline- and adrenaline-induced contractions. The effects of selective b1- and b1/ b2- adrenergic receptor antagonists at a higher concentration (atenolol 1mM, betaxolol 1mM, metoprolol 1mM, propranolol 10mM and pindolol 10mM) also reduced the EFS-induced RIEVD contractions in control but not in RIEVD obtained from L-NAME-treated animals. The selective b1- adrenoceptor agonist RO-363, the selective b2- adrenoceptor agonist salbutamol and the selective b3-adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron, up to 300 mM, had no effect on the RIEVD tone. The results demonstrate that b1- and b1-/ b2- adrenoceptor receptor antagonists act as 6-ND receptor antagonists in RIEVD, further confirming the main role of 6-ND in the RIEVD contractility.
Immunogenomic-based analysis of hierarchical clustering of diffuse large cell lymphoma
Authors: Wang Longhao , Yuan Wei , Li Lifeng , Shen Zhibo , Geng Qishun , Zheng Yuanyuan , Zhao Jie
Published: April 2022

Diffuse Large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most usual type of adult lymphoma with heterogeneousness in histological morphology, prognosis and clinical indications. Prior to this, several studies were carried out to determine the DLBCL subtype based on the analysis of the genome profile.However, classification based on assessment of genes related to the immune system has limited clinical significance for DLBCL. We systematically explored the DLBCL gene expression dataset and provided publicly available clinical information on patients with GEO and TCGA. In this research, 928 DLBCL samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were applied, we calculated 29 immune-related genomes' enrichment levels in each sample and stratified them into high immunity that was based on ssGSEA score (Immunity_H, n=323,68.7%), moderate (Immunity_M, n= 135, 28.7%) and low (Immunity_L, n= 12,2.6%). The ESTIMATE algorithm was used to calculate matrix score (range: -1,800.51,901.99), immunity score (range: -1,476.28,780.33), estimated score (range: -2,618.28,098.14), and tumor purity (range:0.216 0.976), All of them were significantly correlated with immune subtypes (Kruskal Wallis test, P < 0.001). At the same time, the correlation of related genes was analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining. In addition, DLBCL cells were cultured in transfected and vitro with siRNA to verify correlation analysis and gene expression. Finally, human peripheral blood lymphocytes were incubated with DLBCL cells, and stained. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze genes' influence on immune function.By analysis, immune checkpoint and HLA gene expression levels were higher in the Immunity_H group (Kruskal Wallis test, P < 0.05). The levels of Tfhs (follicular helper T cells), Monocytes, CD8+ T cells, M1 Macrophages, M2 Macrophages, CD4+ memory activated T cells, were the most excellent in Immunity_H, and total survival rate was higher in the Immunity_L. The GO term discovered in Immunity_H is connected with immunity. Through analysis, IRF4 (MUM1) was identified by us as immunotherapeutic target and a potential prognostic marker for DLBCL, which was made sure by using molecular biology experimentations. To conclude, immunosignature made a connection between DLBCL subtypes play a position in DLBCL prognostic stratification. Immunocharacteristics-related DLBCL subtypes' construction predicts expected patient results and supplies conceivable immunotherapy candida.
A novel endoplasmic reticulum stress-related lncRNA prognostic risk model for skin cutaneous melanoma
Authors: li An-an , yan meiying
Published: April 2022

Objective
Endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) and Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a important role in the occurrence and progression of melanoma. This study aimed to explore the prognostic impact of ERS-associated lncRNA profiles on cutaneous cutaneous melanoma (SKCM).
Methods
Get the raw date of SKCM from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA). The ERS-related genes were obtained from the GSEA website, and then the ERS-related LncRNAs were obtained through the mRNA and LncRNA co-expression network. A prognostic risk model for the composition of ERS-related lncRNAs was identified by lasso regression analysis. Divided patients into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the model's risk score. Differences in survival outcomes, immune infiltration, chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity, and immune checkpoint gene expression were then assessed between the two groups.
Results
Thirty-nine ERS-related lncRNAs associated with prognosis were obtained. A prognostic risk model consisting of 10 ERS-related lncRNAs was identified. Patients in the low-risk group had a better prognosis than those in the high-risk group. Analysis of the tumor microenvironment revealed that risk scores correlated with infiltration of immune cells in 8. Patients in the low-risk group were more sensitive to the chemotherapy drugs paclitaxel and cisplatin than in the high-risk group.
Conclusion
This study identified a risk model composed of 10 ERS-related lncRNAs with significant prognostic value in SKCM and could provide guidance for clinical treatment.
Does L-carnitine have a protectiveeffect on the development of radiationinducedkidney damage in infancy?Scintigraphic and histopathologicevaluation
Authors: Cosar Rusen , Ozen Alaattin , Altun Gulay Durmus , Sut Necdet , Ibis Kamuran , Puyan Fulya Oz , Korkmaz Ulku , Parlar Sule , Nurlu Dilek , Ozler Talar
Published: April 2022

Background
Radiation-induced nephropathy (RIN) is an impairment of function caused by ionizing radiation which develops after6-12 months as acute or after years as chronic period.
Methods
This paper aims to clarify, whether L-carnitine has a protective effect in the prevention of RIN in an infant rat model.
Results
Two-week-old forty male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups such as control (C), L-carnitine alone (LC), irradiation alone (RT), and L-Carnitine before irradiation (L-carnitine + RT), injected with LC (300 mg/kg) i.p., 30 minutes before the irradiation. The rats in the RT and L-Carnitine + RT groups were irradiated individually with a single dose of 8 Gy. All animals underwent both Tc99m DTPA dynamic renal imaging and Tc99m DMSA static renal imaging at the end of three months follow-up period. Proximal tubular degeneration, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and glomerular degeneration were assessed histopathologically. While the kidney damage caused by irradiation was shown in line with both scintigraphy and histopathology findings, it was shown that L-carnitine did not have any negative effects on the kidney. Also, we could not demonstrate the protective effect of L-carnitine on radiation-induced kidney damage, both scintigraphically and histopathologically.
Conclusion
Although kidney damage due to irradiation was created in infantile rats successfully, the protective effect of L-carnitine could not be demonstrated in our study.
Immunoinformatics design of Bivalent Vaccine targeting S1-NTD and HA2 to simultaneously protect against SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza infections
Authors: Rezaei Marzieh , Sabzali Somaieh , Satari Mohammad
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Two of the most challenging viruses for vaccine development are SARS-COV-2 causing the current COVID-19 pandemic and influenza virus (H1N1) which spread annually causing seasonal epidemics or increase the pandemic risk. In this study, we analyzed the immonodominant epitope regions in Fusion peptides consisting of the Spike_S1_ N-terminal domain from SARS-COV-2 in-frame to hemagglutinin H2 (HA2) gene from Influenza A virus (H1N1) and also Human IFNɣ gene by two (G4S)3 linker. Method: The comprehensive analysis based on Immunoinformatic has been conducted on prediction servers to predict T and B cell epitopes. In silico cloning and expression in pET-28(+) expression vector and vaccine optimization were assessed. The overall model quality were accessed and the docking or binding affinity of designed vaccine to the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) were analyzed. The efficiency of the constructed vaccine confirmed by appropriate expression of designed vaccine candidate tested by in silico cloning in pET–28(+) vector and codon optimization might increase the production of vaccine candidate into Escherichia coli strain k12.Result and discussion: In conclusion, we suggest that this fusion peptide would be an attractive design strategy toward developing bivalent vaccine against both COVID-19 and Influenza as promising vaccine candidate without need to reformulation or vaccination each year.
First Report of Avian Haemosporidians Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Red Jungle Fowl (Gallus gallus) in China
Authors: Li Zhao , Ren Xiao-Xia , Zhao Yin-jiao , Duan Bo-fang , Hu Na-ying , Zou Feng-Cai , Zhu Xing-Quan , He Jun-Jun , Liu Qi-Shuai
Published: April 2022

Background
Avian haemosporidians are critical hematocytozoon that infect both poultry and wild birds, responsible for anemia, acute tissue degeneration, and depopulation in wild birds. Poultry and wild birds have been reported as common reservoirs of hematocytozoon, but limited information was available for red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) in China. The present study firstly investigated the prevalence and molecular characterization of haemosporidians in red jungle fowls.
Methods
Blood samples were collected from 234 red jungle fowls from Jinghong City of Yunnan province, and then the samples were stained and observed by using microscopy. The genomic DNA samples were extracted from these samples. The prevalence of avian haemosporidians was determined by the nested PCR targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene and staining morphology observation. Associated risk factors were analyzed by chi-square (χ2) test. Molecular characterization was investigated based on phylogenetic analysis of cytb sequence.
Results
Overall prevalence of avian haemosporidium was 74.8% (175/234), with Haemoproteus enucleator, Leucocytozoon californicus, Plasmodium juxtanucleare, and the prevalence of haemosporidians in adult fowls (81.1%, 107/132) was significantly higher (P = 0.012 < 0.05, df = 1, χ2 = 6.32) than juvenile gulls (66.7%, 68/102). Three representative novel lineages were revealed.
Conclusions
This study combined morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses to identify avian haemosporidium in red jungle fowls, providing new information on the morphology, molecular epidemiology and geographical distribution of haemosporidian parasites. Our results suggested high prevalence and diverse genetic variations in these haemosporidians in fowls. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first records of haemosporidians infection in red jungle fowls in China.
How to More Awareness About Hip Dislocation, a unique case.
Authors: (MS MRCS) *Dr. Dheeraj Makkar , (MS) Prof. Ravi Sauhta
Published: April 2022

The hip is a stable ball-and-socket joint that can tolerate considerable mechanical strain. The anterior hip dislocation is the least common type of dislocation, accounting for around 8–15% of total hip dislocations. Bilateral anterior are even rarer and account for less than 1% of all dislocations. We report a unique case of a bilateral anterior dislocation that presented to our institute within 6 hours of trauma and was reduced immediately in an operation theatre under propofol anaesthesia. Hip dislocations constitute a medical emergency and should be detected clinically as soon as possible, confirmed radiographically, and treated quickly. If the anterior dislocation is treated promptly, the outcome is favourable. Follow-up X-rays are recommended every six months for the next two years following reduction to rule out any late problems.
In-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients hospitalized with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis
Authors: Cheema Huzaifa Ahmad , Ehsan Muhammad , Ayyan Muhammad , Shahid Abia , Farooq Minaam , Javed Muhammad Usman , Lak Hassan Mehmood , Ahmad Malik Qistas , Virk Hafeez Ul Hassan , Lakhter Vladimir
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPrevious meta-analyses have focused on investigating the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on outcomes in STEMI patients. We aimed to examine the outcomes and prognosis following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) among those with COVID-19 compared with those without COVID-19.MethodsPubMed and Embase were searched from inception till November 2021. We included only those studies that compared our primary outcome, in-hospital mortality, between COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative cohorts with primarily out-of-hospital STEMI. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis to investigate the association between COVID-19 infection and mortality as well as other clinical outcomes.ResultsA total of 11 observational studies were included in our meta-analysis. Most of the studies were of sufficiently high quality. Our findings show that a diagnosis of COVID-19 in STEMI patients is associated with a large increase in mortality (OR 4.07; 95% CI: 2.48-6.69) and poorer clinical outcomes but with no increase in door-to-balloon (D2B) time (MD 9.45 minutes, 95% CI: -1.25 to 20.15 minutes).ConclusionsIn this meta-analysis, a diagnosis of COVID-19 was found to greatly increase the risk of mortality. An early assessment of COVID-19 status in STEMI patients is needed followed by urgent management.
Food costs in vegetarian, vegan and omnivore diets of children and adolescents - Results of the cross-sectional VeChi Youth Study
Authors: Hohoff Eva , Zahn Helena , Weder Stine , Fischer Morwenna , Längler Alfred , Michalsen Andreas , Keller Markus , Alexy Ute
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The aim was to analyse total food costs (€/day, €/1000kcal) and the impact of food groups to total food costs among vegetarian, vegan and omnivore children and adolescents in Germany.Methods: Based on 390 three-day weighed dietary records of 6-18-year-old children and adolescents of the VeChi Youth Study, total daily food costs and food group costs (both €/day, €/1000kcal) of a vegetarian (n=145 study participants), vegan (n=110) and omnivore (n=135) diet were calculated. Minimum retail prices of 1,000 empirically selected foods reported in the dietary records were linked to individual food intakes. Group differences were analysed using ANCOVA. For food groups with a high number of non-consumers, Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed.Results: Vegans had the highest energy adjusted total food costs at 2.98 €/1000kcal, vegetarians the lowest at 2.52 €/1000 kcal. Omnivores also had significantly higher costs than vegetarians with 2.83 €/1000 kcal (p=0.01) but total costs did not differ significantly between omnivores and vegans (€/d and €/1000 kcal). Compared to vegetarians vegans had significantly higher daily expenditures (€/day) on fruit (p=0.0003), vegetables (p=0.006), dairy alternatives (p=0.0003) and legumes/nuts (p=0.0003). Expenditure on starchy foods was significantly higher in vegetarian or vegan than in omnivore diets (p=0.0003). Omnivores spent a quarter of total food costs on animal source foods (25%), which is equivalent to the sum of food costs for legumes/nuts, dairy alternatives, meat alternatives in vegans and additionally dairy in vegetarians.Conclusion: In the VeChi Youth Study a vegetarian diet pattern was the least expensive compared to an omnivore diet pattern, and food costs of a vegan pattern are comparable with an omnivore pattern.