bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal Protection of Muzakki in Zakat Crowdfunding: Analysis of Maqasid Asy-Syari'ah
Authors: Fad Mohammad Farid , Imron Ali
Published: June 2023

Abstract: The concept of crowdfunding is rooted in the concept of crowdsourcing. It utilizes a "crowd" of people to provide feedback and solutions to develop a startup's activities. Along with its development, the crowdfunding model was adopted in the technique of collecting zakat funds to improve the management of more productive zakat assets. This study attempts to critically describe the practice of zakat crowdfunding from the perspective of maqasid asy-syari'ah, along with the concept of legal protection for muzakki (zakat payers). A qualitative method was used in this study. For analysis, the authors used a descriptive-analytical method and normative empirical approach to systematically describe and analyze the facts found factually and accurately. This study revealed the principles of hifz ad-din, hifz al-nafs, hifz al-‘aql, hifz al-mal, hifz al-nasl and hifz al-'ird are found in the application of muzakki legal protection in crowdfunding zakat, so from the viewpoint of fiqh, it is permissible. This implementation will reduce unemployment and economic disparities. Besides, it strengthens the country's economic infrastructure to achieve benefits, which become the goal of maqasid asy-syari'ah. Thus, preventive legal protection for the muzakki of crowdfunding zakat is very urgent to protect the worship interests of prospective muzakki.Abstrak: Konsep crowdfunding berakar dari konsep crowdsourcing yang memanfaatkan "kerumunan" orang untuk memberikan umpan balik dan solusi untuk mengembangkan kegiatan suatu perusahaan rintisan. Seiring perkembangannya, model crowdfunding diadopsi dalam teknik pengumpulan dana zakat demi peningkatan pengelolaan harta zakat yang lebih produktif. Artikel ini berupaya mendeskripsikan secara kritis tentang praktek zakat crowdfunding dalam perspektif maqasid asy-syari’ah, beserta konsep perlindungan hukum bagi muzaki. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif serta pendekatan empiris normatif, guna menggambarkan serta menganalisis secara sistematis fakta-fakta yang ditemukan secara faktual dan cermat. Dari kajian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh temuan bahwa dalam zakat crowdfunding terdapat perlindungan hukum terhadap muzakki terutama dalam hal perlindungan agama (ḥifẓ ad-dīn), perlindungan jiwa (hifz al-nafs), perlindungan akal (hifz al-‘aql), perlindungan harta (hifz al-mal), perlindungan keturnan (hifz al-nasl) dan perlindungan terhadap kehormatan diri (hifz al-‘ird). Dengan demikian, praktik zakat crowdfunding secara fikih adalah diperbolehkan. Terwujudnya perlindungan hukum bagi muzaki dalam zakat crowdfunding telah berdampak positif terhadap berkurangnya angka pengangguran, kesenjangan ekonomi dan sekaligus memperkuat infrastruktur ekonomi negara hingga tercapai kemaslahatan yang menjadi tujuan maqasid asy-syari’ah. Dengan demikian, perlindungan hukum preventif bagi muzakki crowdfunding zakat sangat urgen demi melindungi kepentingan beribadah muzakki.
Training Discipline of Students in The Manakib Reading Tradition at Nurul Qur'an Pakunden Islamic Boarding School Ponorogo
Authors: Nurzakka Muhammad
Published: June 2023

This research is a descriptive-qualitative study that discusses the practice and tradition of reading the manakib of Sheikh Abdul Qadir al-Jilani which is carried out every selapanan (thirty-five days in the Javanese calendar), more precisely every Kliwon Friday night at the Nurul Qur'an Pakunden Islamic Boarding School in Ponorogo. The living hadith approach is used to find receptions for the students related to the normative text that underlies these activities, with interview techniques as a data collection method. This research focuses on the study of how the practice of implementing activities, what factors influence the practice, and how these practices can affect the diversity of the students. The conclusions of this study are: 1) the practice of reading manakib in the Nurul Qur'an Islamic boarding school is a religious tradition that has been implemented for a long time, which is about thirty years since the boarding school was founded, although in the course of the pesantren program, this activity had experienced a vacuum due to the change of management which had an impact on the absence of a special program as a forum for this activity. 2) there are two hadiths as the normative basis for the implementation of the tradition. 3) the tradition of reading the manakib is a forum and means for the caregivers and administrators to instill discipline in the students in the hope that they can preserve the tradition when they are struggling in their respective areas
حجية أخبار الآحاد في السمعيات عند السادة الأشاعرة أحاديث "الصراط" أنموذجا
Authors: HASIN HANAFFIE
Published: June 2023

تكمن مشكلة البحث في الدعوى الموجهة ضد السادة الأشاعرة بأنهم لا يقبلون أخبار الآحاد، ولا يحتجون بها في مباحثهم العقدية، ويقدمون عليها العقل، متبعين في ذلك المعتزلة والجهمية من الفرق الضالة، وهذا إن دلَّ على شيء، فهو يدل على أنهم مخالفون لمنهج السلف في مصدر مهم من مصادر التلقي وإثبات العقيدة في الإسلام، وهو الأخذ بالحديث وتقديمه على العقل في مسائل الدين. بناء على هذا المنطلق، جاءت فكرة هذا البحث لدراسة موقف السادة الأشاعرة من حجية هذه الأحاديث في أبواب العقيدة عموما، وفي باب السمعيات خصوصا؛ لأن من أهم القضايا التي تطرقت إليها السنة النبوية، ورامت إثباتها وتثبيتها، قضايا ومسائل الإيمان بالغيب المعروفة عند علماء العقيدة وفرسانها بـ"السمعيات"، وخاصة تلك التي تبدأ بعد موت العبد وتنتهي بدخوله الجنة أو النار، وما بين هذين الوقتين من المراحل التي سيمر بها العبد في عالم الآخرة، من عذاب القبر ونعيمه، والبعث والحشر، والحوض، والميزان والصراط، وغيرها من الأمور السمعية الغيبية التي قد ذكرها القرآن الكريم على سبيل الإجمال في معظم مباحثها، ثم جاءت السنة النبوية المطهرة بتفاصيلها. وقد تم الاختيار على مبحث "الصراط"-كنموذج وميدان للدراسة-؛ للخلاف الحاصل في درجة الأخبار الواردة فيها من ناحية، وفي فهمها وتفسيرها من ناحية أخرى. يهدف هذا البحث إلى تبيين الموقف الصحيح للسادة الأشاعرة تجاه أخبار الآحاد في المسائل الاعتقادية عموما والسمعيات خصوصا، وبيان درجة تلك الأحاديث التي اعتُمد عليها في مبحث "الصراط" من حيث القبول والرد حسب قواعد أهل الحديث وأصولهم، وإظهار أهمية معرفة صحة الحديث ونوعه من حيث العلم والظن في تقليل دائرة الخلاف بين الطوائف الإسلامية، وتوضيح المراد بـ"الصراط" في الأحاديث النبوية الصحيحة وحقيقته عند العلماء من أهل السنة والجماعة وبقية الفرق الإسلامية، وبيان حكم إنكار أخبار الآحاد في السمعيات من أساسها-ومنها "الصراط"-، أو تأويلها عن ظاهرها من حيث ترتب الكفر المخرج من الملة الإسلامية عليه من عدمه.
Drinking Ethics According to Hadith and Its Review Based on Science
Authors: Sadiyah Faticha
Published: June 2023

There are many ethics governed by religion, both related to personal habits, other people and God. This paper aims to describe the ethics of drinking based on hadis and how the interpretation of the hadis relates to science. The method used in this paper is the thematic hadis; collecting hadis with the keyword 'syariba'. Once collected, these hadits are interpreted and relevant to scientific explanations. The writer finds four categories. First, the prohibition of drinking while standing. It’s can make the kidneys unable to filter properly, digestive dysfunction, unable to provide optimal freshness to the body, resulting in stomach ulcers. Second, the prohibition to breathe in the container. It’s can cause acidity in the blood to increase, causing decreased kidney performance, can be exposed to Helicobacter pylori bacteria, and cause ulcers. Third, encouragement to pray. Prayer is able to calm and reassure, has an effect on blood cells. Fourth, the prohibition of using gold vessels. Eating containers of gold can affect blood and urine and can lead to Alzheimer.
INTERNALIZATION OF THE VALUES OF THE QUR'AN AND HADITH IN UNDERSTANDING RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Muhammad Mansur  , Indal Abror  , Mahatva Yoga Adi Pradana  , Muhammad Yusup  , Safutra Lahfiz , Rizky Romdonny Muhammad , Asrowi Hanan
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the importance of religious moderation in relation to the many cases of religious intolerance in Indonesia. In general, religious intolerance is caused by an excessive or exclusive attitude in religion. The concept of religious moderation in Indonesia refers to the Wasathiyyah Islamic Values (NISWA). These values include; Tasamuh (tolerance), Tawassuth (taking the middle way), Tawazun (balanced), I'tidal (straight and firm), Aulawiyyah (putting first or priority), Musawah (egalitarian), Shura (deliberation), Qudwatiyyah (pioneering), Muwathanah (nationalism), Ishlah (constructive), Ibtikar (innovative, creative), tathawwur (dynamic), and tahadlur (public civility). Washatiyyah Islamic values are implications of the teachings of "Rahmatan lil'alamin". For the implementation of washatiyyah Islamic values in the concept of religious moderation, it is important to collaborate with religious sociologists. This is because the perspective of the sociology of religion can help to provide an understanding of religious phenomena, especially the sociology of religion at this time has confirmed the vision of openness and broad-mindedness vision. Religious moderation (Islam washatiyyah) is the key to realizing a ssociety that is not extreme in religion and able to respect, understand, tolerate each other to create a peaceful and harmonious life among religious communities in Indonesia.The method used in this research is library research with a qualitative approach and perspective. sociology of religion.
 
Keywords: Religious Moderation, Al Quran and Hadith Value, Conflict Resolution
Моделирование неизотермического упругопластического поведения армированных пологих оболочек в рамках уточненной теории изгиба
Authors: Янковский Андрей Петрович , Yankovskii Andrei Petrovich
Published: June 2023

Сформулирована динамическая задача неизотермического и неупругого деформирования гибких пологих многонаправленно армированных оболочек в рамках уточненной теории их изгиба. По толщине конструкций температура аппроксимируется полиномом 7-го порядка. Геометрическая нелинейность задачи моделируется в приближении Кармана. Решение поставленной связанной нелинейной двумерной задачи получено с использованием явной численной схемы. Исследован термоупругопластический отклик стеклопластиковых и металлокомпозитных цилиндрических удлиненных панелей с ортогональной структурой армирования, нагруженных фронтально воздушной взрывной волной. Показано, что в отличие от аналогичных по структуре и характерным размерам армированных пластин пологие оболочки при интенсивном кратковременном нагружении необходимо рассчитывать с учетом возникновения в них температурных полей. При этом следует использовать уточненную теорию изгиба искривленных панелей, а не ее простейший вариант - неклассическую теорию Амбарцумяна. Приращение температуры в отдельных точках пологих оболочек из стеклопластика может достигать 14-34 $^\circ$C, а в аналогичных металлокомпозитных панелях - 50-150 $^\circ$C. Цилиндрические пологие оболочки более интенсивно деформируются при их нагружении воздушной взрывной волной со стороны выпуклой лицевой поверхности.
Влияние плотности костных тканей на напряженно-деформированное состояние
вблизи дентальных имплантатов
Authors: Перельмутер Михаил Натанович , Perelmuter Mikhail Natanovich
Published: June 2023

Исследована зависимость напряженно-деформированного состояния костной ткани от ее плотности вблизи дентального имплантата. Расчеты выполнены методом граничных элементов в постановке плоской деформации для модели, состоящей из цилиндрического имплантата и окружающих костных тканей. Костная ткань рассматривается как изотропный и однородный упругий материал. Моделирование влияния плотности костной ткани на напряженно-деформированное состояние при квазистатическом приложении нагрузки выполняется посредством изменения модуля упругости кости. Установлено, что при увеличении модуля упругости губчатой костной ткани максимальные эквивалентные напряжения в этой костной ткани возрастают. Напряжения в кортикальной костной ткани при увеличении модуля упругости губчатой кости снижаются за счет уменьшения нагрузки, передаваемой на эту часть кости. Напряжения в губчатой кости снижаются при увеличении модуля упругости кортикальной кости. Уровень максимальных напряжений в кортикальной кости возрастает при увеличении модуля упругости этой костной ткани. Максимальные напряжения в кортикальной костной ткани наблюдаются вблизи шейки имплантата.
Nurses' Knowledge, Perceptions and Practices Regarding the Use of Respiratory Protective Equipment during the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors:   King Hussein Cancer Center, Alloubani Aladeen
Published: June 2023

Background: Nurses are at high risk of several respiratory hazards comprising respiratory pathogens. So, respiratory protective equipment (RPE) are vital to protect nurses from novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. Purpose: The current study aimed to examine the knowledge level, practice and perceptions among nurses in a specialized cancer center using RPE. Methods: A descriptive study design was used. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration Questionnaire was utilized to collect data. The data was collected from 387 nurses working at a specialized cancer center as a convenience sampling technique. Results: An overall number of 387 staff nurses participated in the study. The majority of nurses had moderate knowledge levels, where the mean total score of nurses' knowledge was 12.98, with a range between 4 and 20. Also, the majority of nurses had good perceptions regarding the use of RPE (Total mean= 30.44, SD= 3.62). Regarding practice, most of the nurses wash their hands after contact with the outer surface of the respirator (F= 357, 92.2%). Conclusion: The good nurses' knowledge and perceptions regarding RPE's use were sufficient to provide an adequate practice level. However, implementing the RPE policy in hospitals could be useful to enhance the nurses' and other healthcare workers' knowledge, perceptions and practice regarding RPE. Implications for Nursing: Good practices are a crucial element in respiratory safety and nurses' protection against their place of work respiratory hazards. Keywords: 2019-nCoV, Nurses, Knowledge, Perceptions, Practice, Respiratory protective equipment
Association between Stress in Clinical Training and Resilience among Nursing Students
Authors:   The Hashemite University, Alaween Shahd , Alzayyat Abdulkarim
Published: June 2023

Background: Previous literature illustrated that nursing students encounter different types of stress during their academic program. However, clinical education stress is the most important one. Few studies have addressed the association between clinical stress and resilience strategies. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to analyze previous research on stress degrees and types of clinical stressors that might be encountered by nursing students. Methods: The authors used the following databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Google scholar. The forthcoming keywords were utilized: stress, nursing students and clinical practice. Results: It has been indicated that nursing students encountered the following clinical stressors: phobia of interactions with other healthcare providers and fear of committing mistakes. Nursing students utilize resilience for handling stressors successfully. Conclusion: The impact of using resilience on clinical education stress has received little attention in previous literature. This review highlights the relationship between clinical education stress and resilience. Implications for Nursing: The findings of this study give directions for practitioners, teachers and researchers in the nursing clinical education field so as to develop effective teaching programs. Keywords: Clinical education, Jordan, Perceived stress, Resilience, Undergraduate nursing students
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP WANPRESTASI PADA PERJANJIAN LISAN (STUDI PUTUSAN PENGADILAN NEGERI REMBANG NOMOR 4/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Rbg)
Authors: Yuaga Nugraha Endi , Priyono Ery Agus , Suradi Suradi
Published: June 2023

Pada dasarnya perjanjian sering dibuat dalam masyarakat bahkan sudah menjadi kebiasaan. Perjanjian itu menimbulkan suatu hubungan hukum yang biasa disebut dengan perikatan. Perjanjian lisan ini rentan mengalami wanprestasi, dikarenakan bukti-bukti yang ada di dalam perjanjian ini sangatlah kurang. Wanprestasi adalah kelalaian dalam pelaksanaan kewajiban yang diatur dalam perjanjian antara kreditur dan debitur. Penulisan hukum ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan secara rinci, jelas dan menyeluruh tentang suatu keadaan dapat dikatakan wanprestasi dalam perjanjian lisan. Penulisan hukum ini mengangkat permasalahan tentang syarat suatu keadaan disebut wanprestasi terhadap perjanjian lisan serta penerapan hukum pada pertimbangan hakim terkait wanprestasi pada perjanjian lisan dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Rembang Nomor 4/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Rbg. Hasil penelitian dalam penulisan hukum ini membuktikan bahwa suatu syarat dapat dikatakan wanprestasi pada perjanjian lisan disaat adanya surat somasi ketiga kalinya yang dikeluarkan oleh kreditur terhadap debitur selama perjanjian itu sah. Perjanjian secara lisan itu sah secara hukum bila menganut Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata tentang syarat-syarat sahnya perjanjian, pasal ini tidak mengatur penyusunan perjanjian.Kata Kunci : Perdata; Perjanjian Lisan; Wanprestasi.
ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI SPASIAL SEKTOR INFORMAL KULINER NON PLATFORM SUPER APPS DI RUANG PUBLIK (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Banyumanik, Kota Semarang)
Authors: Annaafi Raihan Deo , Wijaya Arwan Putra , Wahyuddin Yasser
Published: June 2023

Di Kecamatan Banyumanik, Kota Semarang, masih banyak pelaku UMKM yang belum terintegrasi dengan platform jual-beli online seperti Gojek, Grab dan Shopee. Padahal dengan adanya platform jual-beli online, dapat memperluas pemasaran dari usaha tersebut. UMKM tersebut adalah pelaku ekonomi sektor informal bidang kuliner misalnya pedagang keliling, pedagang kaki lima dan pedagang angkringan. Beberapa tempat yang ada di Kecamatan Banyumanik seperti Pasar Rasamala Jati Banyumanik, Jalan Ngesrep Timur V dan Taman Tirto Agung merupakan beberapa tempat dimana para pelaku usaha sektor informal ini menggantungkan kehidupannya sehari-hari dengan berjualan di sekitar area tersebut. Sehingga dengan adanya hal tersebut, peneliti ingin mengetahui persebaran tempat usaha-usaha (UMKM) di tiga area penelitian yaitu Pasar Rasamala Jati, Jalan Ngesrep Timur V dan Taman Tirto Agung dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis. Pola persebaran sektor informal kuliner dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode average nearest neighbor dan standard deviation ellips. Selain itu, peneliti juga ingin mengetahui pengaruh kepadatan bangunan terhadap pemilihan rute dagang jaringan jalan dari pedagang keliling dengan menggunakan metode analisis regresi geographically weighted regression. Analisis pola persebaran yang dilakukan berdasarkan dari centroid di setiap area penelitian terhadap sebaran sektor informal kuliner dan analisis regresi pengaruh kepadatan bangunan terhadap rute dagang dari 15 pedagang keliling didasarkan persebaran rute dagang terhadap kepadatan bangunan dari daerah yang dilewatinya. Klasifikasi dan analisis pola persebaran sektor informal kuliner yang dilakukan berdasarkan keseluruhan sektor informal kuliner, kategori usaha, kategori dagangan, kategori waktu usaha dan kategori terintegrasi super apps, dengan jumlah sektor informal kuliner keseluruhan 179 di ketiga area penelitian. Rute dagang pedagang keliling yang paling sering dilewati di sekitar area penelitian adalah permukiman di Sumurboto, permukiman Durian Raya - Tirto Agung dan permukiman Keruing Raya - Rasamala. Pengaruh kepadatan bangunan masih lemah terhadap pemilihan rute dagang dari 15 pedagang keliling, Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil analisis regresi yang menghasilkan nilai R Square dibawah 0,5 yaitu 0,202 dan nilai R Square Adjusted sebesar 0,061.
The chronological account of the impact of tropical cyclones in Nicaragua between 1971 and 2020
Authors: Velásquez Espinoza Gema , Alcántara-Ayala Irasema
Published: June 2023

This article provides a chronological account of the occurrence and impact of tropical cyclones in Nicaragua between 1971 and 2020. While previous research has indicated potential associations between climate change and the higher frequency of intense hurricanes, no known empirical research has focused on systematizing the chronology of the significant tropical cyclones to identify patterns of change in Nicaragua. Therefore, the principal objective of this project was to develop a general overview of the major tropical storms and hurricanes that occurred between 1971 and 2020, triggering disasters in Nicaragua. The empirical data was collected from various documents via qualitative and interpretative methodology. It included reviewing research articles, books, academic websites, databases, documents, credible reports of international organizations, and newspaper sources. This study identified that from 1971 to 2020, Nicaragua was affected by 22 tropical cyclones, which caused catastrophic damage to the territory. There are records of 17 Category 1–5 hurricanes, predominating Category 4, one with no class associated, and four tropical storms. Mitch, Felix, and Joan were the most damaging hurricanes that affected the country in the last five decades. They occurred in 1998, 2007, and 1988, respectively. Of the 22 tropical cyclones, 15 occurred during Cold ENSO, whereas only three in Warm ENSO, and four were neutral. Empirical results presented can be of value to future research on disaster risk reduction.
Asymptotic stability of an epidemiological fractional reaction-diffusion model
Authors: Djebara Lamia , Abdelmalek Salem , Bendoukha Samir
Published: June 2023

The aim of this article is to study the known susceptible-infectious (SI) epidemic model using fractional order reaction-diffusion fractional partial differential equations [FPDEs] in order to better describe the dynamics of a reaction-diffusion SI with a nonlinear incidence rate describing the infection dynamics of the HIV/AIDS virus. We initially examined the nonnegativity, global existence, and boundedness for solutions of the proposed system. After determining that the proposed model has two steady states, we derived sufficient conditions for the global and local asymptotic stability of the equilibrium of the proposed system and their relationship to basic reproduction in the case of fractional ordinary differential equations and FPDEs by analyzing the eigenvalues and using the appropriately chosen Lyapunov function. Finally, we used numerical examples to illustrate our theoretical results.
Solvability for a system of Hadamard-type hybrid fractional differential inclusions
Authors: Zhang Keyu , Xu Jiafa
Published: June 2023

In this article, a new system of Hadamard-type hybrid fractional differential inclusions equipped with Dirichlet boundary conditions was constructed. By virtue of a fixed-point theorem due to B. C. Dhage, (Existence results for neutral functional differential inclusions in Banach algebras, Nonlinear Anal. 64 (2006), no. 6, 1290–1306, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.na.2005.06.036), the existence results of solutions for the considered problem are derived in a new norm space for multivalued maps. A numerical example is provided to illustrate our main results.
Type II Exponentiated Half-Logistic Gompertz-G Family of Distributions: Properties and Applications
Authors: Moakofi Thatayaone , Oluyede Broderick
Published: June 2023

In this work, a new family of distributions referred to as type II exponentiated half-logistic-Gompertz-G (TIIEHL-Gom-G) family of distributions is introduced and studied. Some of the main statistical properties of these family of distributions are derived. The model parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation technique and consistency of maximum likelihood estimators is evaluated by performing a simulation study. The importance and versatility of the TIIEHL-Gom-G family of distributions is demonstrated in an application to two real data sets from different fields.
DİYARBAKIR MASAL ANLATMA GELENEĞİ VE GELENEKTE YAŞANAN DEĞİŞİM ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ASLAN Mehmet Yusuf , AZAR Birol
Published: June 2023

Özgün yapısı ile halk anlatıları bakımından oldukça zengin olan Diyarbakır, kadim bir sözlü anlatma geleneğine sahiptir. Bu çalışmada Diyarbakır’da Şevket Beysanoğlu tarafından 1937-1942 yılları arasında derlenen, Muhsine Helimoğlu Yavuz tarafından Diyarbakır’da derlenen ve 1997 yılında ‘’Masallar ve Toplumsal İşlevleri’’ adlı kitabında yayımlanan masallar ile tarafımca 2000-2022 yılları arasında derlenen masallar incelenerek masal metinleri, masal anlatıcıları, masal anlatma yerleri ve zamanları, masal formelleri açısından zamanla meydana gelen değişimler üzerinde durulmuştur. Yıllar içerisinde teknolojinin ilerlemesi, bilginin yaygınlaşması, modern yaşamın hayata etkisi ve dini değerlerin bölge halkına yansımaları sonucunda değişen toplum yapısı, Diyarbakır masal anlatıcılarında ve masal anlatma geleneğinde değişimlere sebep olmuştur. İlk başlarda sadece kadınlar tarafından anlatılan masallar zamanla erkekler tarafından da anlatılmaya başlanmıştır. Belirli zaman dilimlerinde anlatılan masallar zamanla her vakitte anlatılmaya başlanmıştır. Masal anlatıcısının cinsiyeti ve inanışları metinlerde değişimlere sebep olmuştur. Günümüzde artık masal dinleyicilerinin olmaması nedeniyle masalların anlatılmaması masalların unutulmasına, kısalmasına, masal formellerinin yok olmasına dolayısıyla masal anlatma geleneğinin yok olma seviyesine gelmesine neden olmuştur.
MUHAMMED PÂRSÂ TAM BİR TEFSİR YAZMIŞ MIDIR?
Authors: İBRAHİMOĞLU Abdulmelik
Published: June 2023

Nakşbendî şeyhlerinden Muhammed Pârsâ (ö. 822/1420), muhtelif alanlarda çok sayıda eser kaleme almıştır. Onun kaleme aldığı eser türlerinden biri de tefsirdir. Kaynaklara bakılırsa onun yazdığı bu tefsir yüz ciltlik tam bir tefsirdir. Ancak bu tefsirin nerede olduğuna dair herhangi bir bilgi yoktur. Yani böyle bir tefsirin varlığını gösteren hiçbir kütüphane kaydına rastlanmamaktadır. Şayet Muhammed Pârsâ böyle bir tefsir yazmışsa da bu, şu an elimizde mevcut değildir. Fakat bu tefsirin bir parçası sayılabilecek bazı nüshalarına kütüphane kayıtlarından ulaşılabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla söz konusu tefsirin bahsi geçen tam bir tefsirin parçası mı yoksa müellifi tarafından yazılan miktarının bu mu olduğu konusu netlik kazanmamıştır. İşte bu makalede sözü edilen problemin varlığı konu edilecek ve bazı kaynaklarda geçtiği şekliyle Muhammed Pârsâ’nın tam bir tefsir yazıp yazmadığı tartışılacak ve bir sonuca ulaşılmaya çalışılacaktır. Ayrıca Muhammed Pârsâ’ya ait eldeki tefsir malzemesi el yazması nüshalarıyla birlikte toplu bir şekilde ele alınacak ve Muhammed Pârsâ’nın bu husustaki yetkinliği değerlendirilecektir.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN İLETİŞİM BECERİLERİ İLE ÖĞRENCİ BAĞLILIĞI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ERGÜNEY Merve , TEPE Nagihan
Published: June 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin iletişim becerileri ile öğrenci bağlılıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırma ilişkisel araştırma modeli çerçevesinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu Samsun Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören öğrencilerinden uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 300 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “İletişim Becerileri Ölçeği” ile “Yükseköğretimde Öğrenci Bağlılığı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bazı bulgular şunlardır; Üniversite öğrencilerinin iletişim becerileri ve öğrenci bağlılık düzeyleri ortalamanın üzerindedir. Öğrencilerin iletişim becerileri ile öğrenci bağlılıkları arasında ortalamaya yakın düzeyde, anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. 1. sınıf öğrencileri daha düşük düzeyde iletişim becerilerine sahipken 2. ve 3. sınıf öğrencilerinin iletişim becerilerinin daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Aileleri ile birlikte yaşayan öğrencilerin okula bağlılıklarının daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Cinsiyet ve anne-baba eğitim durumu ile öğrencilerin iletişim becerileri ve öğrenci bağlılıkları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmemiştir.
Noncanonical Activity of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP2) Improves Cognition and Synapse Density in Aging
Authors: Britton Rachel , Wasley Tristan , Harish Reema , Holz Charles , Hall John , Yee Dennis C. , Melton Witt Jody , Booth Elizabeth A. , Braithwaite Steven , Czirr Eva , Kerrisk Campbell Meghan
Published: June 2023

Peripheral administration of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP2), a protein inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), has previously been shown to have beneficial effects on cognition and neurons in aged mice. Here, to better understand the potential of recombinant TIMP2 proteins, an IgG4Fc fusion protein (TIMP2-hIgG4) was developed to extend the plasma half-life of TIMP2. Following one month of administration of TIMP2 or TIMP2-hIgG4 via intraperitoneal injections, 23-month-old male C57BL/6J mice showed improved hippocampal-dependent memory in a Y-maze, increased hippocampalcfosgene expression, and increased excitatory synapse density in the CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. Thus, fusion to hIgG4 extended the half-life of TIMP2 while retaining the beneficial cognitive and neuronal effects. Moreover, it retained its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. To deepen the mechanistic understanding of the beneficial function of TIMP2 on neuronal activity and cognition, a TIMP2 construct lacking MMP inhibitory activity, Ala-TIMP2, was generated, which provides steric hindrance that prevents inhibition of MMPs by the TIMP2 protein while still allowing MMP binding. A comprehensive assessment of the MMP inhibitory and binding capacity of these engineered proteins is outlined. Surprisingly, MMP inhibition by TIMP2 was not essential for its beneficial effects on cognition and neuronal function. These findings both confirm previously published research, expand on the potential mechanism for the beneficial effects of TIMP2, and provide important details for a therapeutic path forward for TIMP2 recombinant proteins in aging-related cognitive decline.
Involvement of oxidative stress in placental dysfunction, the pathophysiology of fetal death and pregnancy disorders
Authors: Sultana Zakia , Qiao Yixue , Maiti Kaushik , Smith Roger
Published: June 2023

In brief

Placental oxidative stress contributes to both normal and abnormal placentation during pregnancy. This review discusses the potential consequence of oxidative stress-induced placental dysfunction on pregnancies complicated by fetal death and pregnancies with a high risk of fetal death.

The placenta is a source of reactive oxygen free radicals due to the oxidative metabolism required to meet the demands of the growing fetus. The placenta has an array of efficient antioxidant defense systems to deal with rising oxidative stress created by free radicals during pregnancy. Properly controlled physiological (low-level) free radical production is a necessary part of cellular signaling pathways and downstream activities during normal placental development; however, poorly controlled oxidative stress can cause aberrant placentation, immune disturbances and placental dysfunction. Abnormal placental function and immune disturbances are linked to many pregnancy-related disorders, including early and recurrent pregnancy loss, fetal death, spontaneous preterm birth, preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. This review discusses the role of placental oxidative stress in both normal and pathological settings. Finally, based on previously published work, this review presents multiple lines of evidence for the strong association between oxidative stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including fetal death and pregnancies with a high risk of fetal death.
Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict New-Onset Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation and Identify Risk Factors Following Isolated Valve Surgery
Authors: Zhu Siming , Che Hebin , Fan Yunlong , Jiang Shengli
Published: June 2023

Background: New-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication after valvular surgery, but its etiology and risk factors are incompletely understood. This study investigates the benefits of machine learning methods in risk prediction and in identifying relative perioperative variables for POAF after valve surgery. Methods: This retrospective study involved 847 patients, who underwent isolated valve surgery from January 2018 to September 2021 in our institution. We used machine learning algorithms to predict new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation and to select relatively important variables from a set of 123 preoperative characteristics and intraoperative information. Results: The support vector machine (SVM) model demonstrated the best area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) value of 0.786, followed by logistic regression (AUC = 0.745) and the Complement Naive Bayes (CNB) model (AUC = 0.672). Left atrium diameter, age, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III–IV, and preoperative hemoglobin were high-ranked variables. Conclusions: Risk models based on machine learning algorithms may be superior to traditional models, which were primarily based on logistic algorithms to predict the occurrence of POAF after valve surgery. Further prospective multicenter studies are needed to confirm the performance of SVM in predicting POAF.
Impact of Indexed Effective Orifice Area on the Quality of Life of Patients after Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Gursoy Mete , Yaşar Emre , Guler Salih , Yalcin Lokman , Muradli Tural , Kadirogullari Ersin , Kutluk Erhan , Aydin Unal
Published: June 2023

Background: Improving health related quality of life is an important goal of aortic valve replacement. Inadequate effective orifice area of prosthesis according to the patient's body surface area may be associated with poor outcomes. In this study, we aimed to analyze impact of indexed effective orifice area (iEOA) on patients' quality of life after aortic valve replacement. Methods: A total of 138 patients who underwent isolated aortic valve replacement were included to the study. Quality of life assessment was performed with EuroQol Group EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Patients were divided into three groups based on iEOA (Group 1 had an iEOA of <0.65 cm2/m2 (19 patients), Group 2 had an iEOA between 0.65–0.85 cm2/m2 (71 patients), and Group 3 had an iEOA of >0.85 cm2/m2). Mean EQ-5D-5L scores were compared among the groups statistically. Results: Mean EQ-5D-5L scores were lower in Group 1 than in Groups 2 and 3 (Group 1: 0.72 ± 0.18, Group 2: 0.83 ± 0.20, and Group 3: 0.86 ± 0.9, p = 0.044 and p = 0.014). The EQ-5D-5L score was significantly lower in patients with a ≥20 mmHg transvalvular gradient than those with a <20 mmHg (0.74 ± 0.25 vs. 0.84 ± 0.18, p = 0.014). Conclusions: Our results show that an iEOA <0.65 cm2/m2 is significantly associated with impaired postoperative health-related quality of life. Newer generation prostheses, transcatheter valve implantation, and root enlargement techniques should be kept in mind in preoperative planning.
El impacto de la violencia de género en la maternidad: entrevistas en profundidad para reflexionar sobre las consecuencias y la intervención
Authors: Plaza y Aleu Montserrat , Cantera Espinosa Leonor María
Published: June 2023

La violencia de género incide en la vida de las mujeres que la padecen y en la de sus hijas e hijos, y, además, impacta en la maternidad y en el vínculo materno-filial. La investigación que se presenta analiza este impacto en la maternidad y la necesidad de incluir este aspecto en la recuperación de las mujeres en los servicios especializados.Se trata de una investigación cualitativa con quince madres que han vivido situaciones de violencia de género y que en algún momento de su proceso de recuperación han participado en programas de atención específicos. Se han realizado entrevistas en profundidad centrándose principalmente en las consecuencias de la situación de violencia de género vivida por las madres y en la valoración que ellas hacen de la intervención recibida. Posteriormente, estas entrevistas se han analizado según la teoría fundamentada y desde una perspectiva de género.El análisis de los resultados muestra como la violencia de género tiene un alto impacto en las mujeres y en sus hijas e hijos y, sobre todo, permite visibilizar y nombrar el impacto que tiene en la función maternal. Este impacto se ve reforzado por la estructura social patriarcal que define la maternidad de una determinada manera y obstaculiza la creación de alternativas más favorecedoras para las madres y para el vínculo materno. Las implicaciones prácticas de estos resultados recaen en evidenciar, por un lado, la necesidad de programas especializados para madres e hijos e hijas que han vivido situaciones de violencia de género y, por la otra, el largo recorrido que aún queda para que la maternidad esté valorada como tal, sin idealizaciones ni censuras a la diversidad.El presente artículo se centra principalmente en mostrar las consecuencias de la violencia de género sobre las madres y la importancia de la implicación de éstas en programas de atención específicos.
Sesgos de género en la interpretación de los restos óseos humanos. Sex, gender and sexuality biases in the interpretation of skeletal human remains
Authors: Higuero Antonio
Published: June 2023

Nuestra concepción actual y occidental sobre el sexo y el género como dicotómicos e inmutables, y de las relaciones sexuales entre hombre y mujer como monógamas y solamente con fin reproductor, afectan a la manera sobre como interpretamos el pasado y las narrativas que construimos de él a través de los restos óseos encontrados en excavaciones arqueológicas y paleoantropológicas. Este bodyscape biomédico aplicado destemporaliza estos restos y sirve, en un argumento circular, para justificar conductas y discursos presentes. A través de una serie de ejemplos se observa cómo actúa, su efecto y se propone la aplicación de teorías alternativas sobre el sexo, el género y la sexualidad con el fin de ampliar las perspectivas a la hora de interpretar el pasado. ABSTRACTOur current and occidental conceptions about sex and gender as dichotomic and immutable, and about sexual relations between a man and a woman as monogamous and only with reproductive purposes, affect the way we are interpreting the past and the narratives we build of it through the analysis of human remains from the archaeological and palaeoanthropological record. This applied biomedical bodyscape destemporalizes those remains and serves, in a circular argument, to justify current behaviours and discourses. Through a series of examples is shown how if performs, its effect, and other alternative theories about sex, gender and sexuallity are proposed with the goal of broaden our perspectives when interpreting the past.
«Las mujeres y las guerras»: aspectos de una temática heterogénea. «Women and wars»: aspects of an heterogeneous subject
Authors: Tavera Susanna
Published: June 2023

Este artículo revisa la descoordinación historiográfica con que todavía se plantea el convencimiento de que «las mujeres dan la vida» y de que, por tanto, la «naturaleza femenina aborrece la guerra» y, con ella, las armas o su probada y creciente capacidad destructiva. Pretende probar que el epígrafe «mujeres y guerras» remite a una temática muy compleja y que no debieran confundirse, primero, las implicaciones que en el mundo contemporáneo tienen las relaciones entre mujeres y violencia y, segundo, que existen importantes diferencias entre la movilización militante y las relaciones de las mujeres con las instituciones armadas o la llamada militarización. Se contempla el tema desde esta triple distinción y evita simplificaciones como la de las guerras han transformado «las relaciones entre sexos y les han dado de manera estable «poderes nuevos» a las mujeres, por ejemplo, durante la Primera Guerra Mundial o la Guerra Civil española.Palabras clave: Militarización, movilización, movilización militante, mujeres y guerras, mujeres y Primera Guerra Mundial, mujeres y Guerra Civil Española, género y guerras contemporáneas.AbstractThis article wants to verify the lack of historiographical co-ordination showed in the conviction that «women give life» and that consequently women have hated war, weapons and its growing destructive capacity. It wants to prove that «women and war» is a very complex subject that shouldn’t confuse the implications war violence have had for women in contemporary times. It wants to clarify the decisive arguments that any political and historical analysis shows in relation with feminine militant movilitacion and women militarization. From this last twofold distinction is possible to scape simplifications as that wars have given stable and new powers to women, for example during the I World War and during the Spanish Civil War.   Keywords: Militaritation, mobilisation, militant mobilisation, women and wars, women and First World War, women and Spanish Civil War, gender and contemporary wars.
Batallar fuera de casa: mujeres de uniforme en la Primera Guerra Mundial. Battling out of the Home Front: Women in Uniform During World War One
Authors: Huguet Montserrat
Published: June 2023

En el otoño de 1914 las mujeres de los países occidentales dieron el paso de afrontar la guerra y tomar parte activa en ella.  Lo hicieron a la manera diversa en que los seres humanos afrontan los problemas: en la difícil cotidianidad del que aguarda el regreso de los soldados, soportando todo el esfuerzo del sostenimiento familiar, o colaborando en los trabajos de producción para la vida civil y militar. Pero no pocas empujaron a los gobiernos para que les permitieran luchar dentro de los ejércitos, llevando los uniformes militares y mostrando los colores de la patria. Estas líneas están dedicadas a conformar su historia.Palabras clave: Primera Guerra Mundial, mujeres, ejércitos.AbstractIn the fall of 1914 western women began their way to cope with war taking an active part in it. They did it in the various ways human beings usually face problems: awaiting the return of the soldiers in the everyday difficulties, supporting all the works of family´s needs, or helping in the country production work for the civil and military life. But also, not few women pushed governments to allow them fighting in armies, wearing military uniforms and showing the colors of their country. This text shows their history.Keywords: First World War, women, armies.
La importancia de diseñar políticas públicas para la prevención, sanción y erradicación de la violencia hacia la mujer en el estado de Oaxaca / The importance of designing public policies for the prevention, penalty and eradication of violence toward women in the state of Oaxaca
Authors: GARCÍA JIMÉNEZ Ricardo
Published: June 2023

Los diferentes niveles de gobierno tienen la responsabilidad de fomentar y conducir una política integral en materia de prevención, sanción y erradicación de la violencia hacia la mujer; estos instrumentos deben ser la base de una colaboración entre los tres órdenes de gobierno, mismos que tienen la obligación de garantizar la coordinación, instrumentalización y articulación de políticas públicas para combatir este cáncer social que se incrementa sin freno. Para ello, el Estado Mexicano debe establecer mecanismos concretos y vinculados para realizar acciones de emergencia destinadas a investigar, diagnosticar y evaluar, con el fin de erradicar la violencia hacia las mujeres en el estado de Oaxaca. En la presente reflexión, se busca mostrar la importancia que tiene la instrumentalización armónica de políticas públicas coherentes y alineadas al marco jurídico federal para revertir los altos índices de violencia que acontecen en la entidad Oaxaqueña.Palabras clave: Violencia, género, mujeres, Oaxaca, políticas.Abstract:The different levels of government have the responsibility of promoting and conducting a comprehensive policy on prevention, punishment and the eradication of violence against women; These instruments should be the basis of a collaboration between the three orders of government, which have the obligation to ensure the coordination, instrumentalization and articulation of public policies to combat this social cancer that increases unchecked. To this end, the Mexican State must establish concrete and linked mechanisms to carry out emergency actions to investigate, diagnose and evaluate, in order to eradicate violence against women in the state of Oaxaca. In the present reflection, the aim is to show the importance of the harmonious instrumentation of public policies that are coherent and aligned with the federal legal framework to reverse the high levels of violence occurring in Oaxaca.Keywords: Violence, gender, women, Oaxaca, policies.
[spa] OTRO ACERCAMIENTO A LAS MISERIAS DE LA CORTE: EL AULA DE CORTESANOS (1547) DE CRISTÓBAL DE CASTILLEJO // A NEW APPROACH TO THE MISERIES OF THE COURT: CRISTÓBAL DE CASTILLEJO’S AULA DE CORTESANOS (1547)
Authors: Martínez Navarro Mª del Rosario
Published: June 2023

--
[spa] UN LIBRO PROHIBIDO EN LA REAL BIBLIOTECA DE EL ESCORIAL: LA OBRA ESPIRITUAL DE JUAN DEL BENE // A FORBIDDEN BOOK IN THE ROYAL LIBRARY OF EL ESCORIAL: THE SPIRITUAL WORK BY JUAN DEL BENE
Authors: Lezcano Tosca Hugo
Published: June 2023

--
[ES] REFORMISMO BORBÓNICO Y CONTESTACIÓN SOCIAL: LA ERECCIÓN DEL MONOPOLIO DE TABACO EN LA HABANA (1717-1723) // BOURBON REFORMISM AND SOCIAL OPPOSITION: THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TOBACO MONOPOLY IN HAVANA
Authors: Hernández González Manuel
Published: June 2023

Este artículo estudia la respuesta del conjunto de la sociedad cubana y especialmente del campesinado tabaquero frente al monopolio de la comercialización del tabaco desarrollado por el reformismo borbónico. Aborda tres rebeliones populares en La Habana entre 1717 y 1723 con resultado dispar desde la expulsión del gobernador en la primera a la cruenta represión de la tercera. Una represión que culminó con un pacto entre las elites y la Monarquía en prejuicio de los pequeños cultivadores.PALABRAS CLAVE: Historia de Cuba, Historia del Caribe, rebeliones campesinas, reformismo borbónico, tabaco, migraciones, cambio social. --This article studies the response of the entire Cuban society and especially the peasantry against the tobacco monopoly marketing snuff developed by Bourbon reformism. It addresses three popular rebellions in Havana between 1717 and 1723 with mixed results from the expulsion of the  first governor in the bloody repression of the third. A rebellion that culminated in a pact between the elites and the monarchy to the detriment of small farmers. KEY WORDS: History of Cuba, Caribbean history, peasant rebellions, bourbon reformism, Snuff, migration, social change.
Damage detection of wooden beams based on the modal strain energy change and evidence theory
Authors: Li Shaocheng , Zeng Shanzhou , Jiang Chenkan , Xu Guangzhou , Zhang Zhao , Sun Qinjie
Published: June 2023

A damage detection and localization method for wooden beams was proposed based on the modal strain energy (MSE) change and evidence fusion. The fused damage indicator was deduced using the first three mode shapes of the wooden beams before and after damage. The finite element modal analysis of the free-supported undamaged and damaged wooden beams with different damage severities at one or two locations was performed. The first three mode shapes were extracted from the corresponding modal analysis, with which the damage indicator based on the MSE change and the fused damage indicator of each damage case were computed. The simulation results show that the fused damage indicator accurately detected and located the damage with different severities at one or two locations. Finally, the modal test was completed using the same damage cases as the finite element simulation. The frequency functions of the whole beam were first obtained, with which the first three experimental mode shapes were then acquired, and the damage indicator based on the MSE change and the fused indicator were further computed. The test results verified the validity and reliability of the proposed damage indicator.