bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the consistency of forest disturbance datasets in continental USA
Authors: Eifler Laura , Müller Franziska , Bastos Ana
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Forests play a crucial role in the Earth System, providing essential ecosystem services and sustaining biological diversity. However, forest ecosystems are increasingly impacted by disturbances, which are often integral to their dynamics but have been exacerbated by climate change. Despite the growing concern, there is currently a lack of globally consistent and temporally continuous data on forest disturbances to characterize changes in disturbance regimes. This gap hinders our ability to accurately assess and respond to these changes. In this study, we focus on the continental United States and compare four datasets on forest disturbances to evaluate their consistency and reliability regarding their spatial and temporal characteristics and driven agents, when available. Our analysis reveals a moderate agreement across the datasets, with inventory-based comparisons demonstrating the highest level of consistency. In contrast, comparisons involving remote sensing data show lower alignment and a delayed detection of disturbances by satellite observations compared to ground-based inventories. Additionally, discrepancies were observed in the identification of disturbance agents in overlapping areas. Our findings underscore the importance of careful data quality assessment and consideration of their inherent uncertainty when utilizing them for further applications. This study highlights the need for improved data integration and accuracy to advance the understanding of forest disturbances.
Boosting Sustainable Entrepreneurship in the Australian Automotive Industry. Designing and Leveraging External Enablers
Authors:   , Kyani Sarfraz Ali
Published: November 2024

This thesis examines Australia’s underdeveloped auto recycling industry using mixed-method research and the External Enabler framework. It highlights the role of regulations, technology, and sociocultural trends in fostering sustainability but emphasises the need for stronger regulatory measures. A conjoint experiment identifies optimal policy measures, offering practical solutions for a viable auto plastic recycling industry and contributing to sustainability entrepreneurship research.
Geometric Constraints for 3D Data Association
Authors:   , Vidanapathirana Kavisha
Published: November 2024

This thesis aims to help autonomous agents such as robots to better understand their surroundings by using knowledge about their environment's geometry and the fact that things usually don't change dramatically from moment to moment. The thesis proposes improved methods for practical tasks, such as helping autonomous agents find their exact location and track how things move around them. The novel techniques proposed will enable the design of autonomous systems with the ability to use logical assumptions about how the world typically behaves, making them more effective in understanding their environment and navigating to achieve specific tasks.
Sesgos androcéntricos y herramientas feministas para la transformación social en iniciativas comunitarias de cuidado
Authors: Legarreta-Iza Matxalen , De Blas Buruaga Isabel , Ugena Sancho Sofía
Published: November 2024

Actualmente vivimos en un escenario de crisis de cuidados caracterizado por una creciente demanda de los mismos y por un modelo de provisión deficiente y con escasos recursos. Como respuesta, surgen iniciativas alternativas que articulan de manera colectiva nuevas formas de organización del cuidado. Muchas funcionan de forma autogestionada y se alinean con los principios de la Economía Social y Solidaria y la Economía Feminista. En este contexto, entre 2021 y 2023 hemos llevado a cabo un trabajo etnográfico con el fin de estudiar tres casos del Estado español, mediante 27 entrevistas semiestructuradas, 6 talleres, diversas sesiones de observación participante, así como e-research. La primera es una asociación de trabajado del hogar que presta cuidados principalmente a personas mayores; la segunda, una asociación de familias organizadas en torno a un proyecto de escuela alternativa; y la tercera una cooperativa que elabora alimentos agroecológicos, ofrece catering y facilita la conciliación y la corresponsabilidad del cuidado de criaturas. Estas experiencias y sus participantes habitan espacios de tensión entre la economía del don y las demandas productivo-mercantiles del mercado. Observamos que en ellas persisten sesgos androcéntricos que (re)producen una división sexual del trabajo, manifestada en el reparto desigual de tareas, responsabilidades, funciones y roles, así como en el significado que mujeres y hombres les otorgan. En los tres casos se evidencia también un "estrabismo productivista". El artículo muestra que la teoría del don ofrece un marco que facilita una comprensión más profunda de las relaciones de reciprocidad que sostienen estos proyectos. De este modo, se contextualizan las amenazas, tensiones y contradicciones que socavan las iniciativas comunitarias de cuidado, así como las herramientas feministas desarrolladas en respuesta a ellas, como son, visibilizar y problematizar las desigualdades existentes y practicar el autocuidado. Con ello, se aspira a realizar una contribución a las investigaciones sobre la praxis de la Economía Social y Solidaria desde las perspectivas de la Economía Feminista y la Economía Moral.
Comparative mass study of religious orientations of present-day Russian citizens. Paper 2: Sunni Muslims
Authors: SPIVAK Dimitry L. , SEYIDOVA Guylchokhra N.
Published: November 2024

A group of 101 Sunni Muslims, dwellers of Daghestan Republic, Russian Federation, were interviewed with the help of three standard questionnaires, two of which had been elaborated by Russian religious psychologists, and one was a Russian version of the well-known Scale of Religious Orientations by Allport-Ross. The study formed part of a mass comparative study of religious attitudes of present-day Russian citizens, conducted by UNESCO Chair on Comparative Studies of Spiritual Traditions, their Specific Cultures and Interreligious Dialogue, which functions at the basis of D.S. Likhachev Russian Institute of Cultural and Natural Heritage, and belongs to International Network of UNITWIN/UNESCO Chairs in Inter-religious Dialogue and Intercultural Understanding (IDIU). Basic trends in personal religiosity were revealed by Sunni Muslims, starting from high level of integral religiosity, and ending with deep personal connection to God. Considerable affinity to the corresponding dimensions of the religious experience of Shia Muslims, studied earlier in the framework of this study, both in absolute values of indices, and structural patterns of their organization, was proven, as well as presence of important differences. A trend, being strong by young Sunni Muslims, both male and female, weak by aged Sunni Muslims of any sex, and absent by Shia Muslims in general, serves as a plausible example. It consists in high assessment of the level of one’s personal religiosity, positively linked to high appreciation of religion as source of one’s moral standards, and of its function as help in resolving everyday problems. Regularities revealed as result of this study are most constructive for the sake of conducting responsible intercultural / interfaith dialogue with Sunni Muslims.
The Paradoxical Nature of Being a Culture in Society
Authors: REMIZOV Vyacheslav A. , IRKHEN Irina I.
Published: November 2024

The starting point for considering the paradoxical existence of culture in society is the view of the dynamics of culture as a complex nonlinear process that has an external and internal side of conditionality. The external one is connected with social determinants, the internal one is related to the nature and essence of culture itself. In this research we apply the epistemological, ontological, axiological and functional perspective of the analysis of the paradoxical existence of culture in society as a starting point for its dynamics. The following paradoxical factors are considered in detail: the conceptual phenomenon of culture; the phenomenon of idealization of meaning formation; the phenomenon of the synergetic concept of culture; the phenomenon of the activity and metaphysical image of culture; the phenomenon of culture as a source of social risks. Thus, the logic of the study allows us to come to the conclusion about the antinomian nature of the existence of culture in society, associated with its categorical ambiguity, limit and blurriness of manifestation in the dynamics of socio-cultural processes. Some attention is paid to the duality of cultural dynamics in artistic practices. Here culture is both creative and destructive. In addition, the paradoxical nature of culture in the existence of personality is revealed. The following conclusions are drawn that a) culture is diverse; b) it is multifunctional; c) culture is contradictory and multipolar in dynamic orientation; d) culture is paradoxical in its essence and in the conditions of the digital era, postmodernism; e) the results of cultural creation are ambiguous and require the development of "correction coefficients", taking into account the relativity of its "creativity" as a possible hidden destructiveness or departure from the desired target result.
The Phenomenon of Identity in the Context of Historical and Cultural Dynamics
Authors: MALYGINA Irina V.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the genesis of cultural identity and its evolution in the context of universal vectors of historical dynamics. Based on the results of interdisciplinary research, cultural identity is defined as a socio-psychological phenomenon that has a complex internal structure, indicating the inseparable unity of rational, unconscious, sensual and behavioural components in the identification processes. However, any reduction of this concept when describing the practices of human self-determination in contemporary culture indicates the substitution of the phenomenon of identity with other forms of self-determination and self-representation of a person in culture, which may be related but not equal to identity. However, there is a tendency of transformation of the semantic space of the concept of "cultural identity", due to the uncontrolled growth of research interpretations, which can distort the understanding of the essence of contemporary cultural and identity processes and encourages the expansion of the conceptual tools in their description. The genesis and essential characteristics of cultural identity are justified from the perspective of the semantic genetic theory of culture, in which the emergence of a self-conscious subject, able to make sense of the world in the parameters of I – other, is considered as the primary impetus of cultural genesis. Analysis of the vectors of historical dynamics has allowed us to record a consistent, historically and culturally conditioned process of weakening the human connection with nature, and later with the main "units of survival" - ethnic and national communities. In this regard, justifies the essential characteristic and the main function of cultural identity as a way to overcome the "shock of existential alienation" in the process of constant decay of the initial syncretism and achieve unity with the world through culture. It is noted that the expansion of the boundaries of personal freedom, the strengthening of individualization, the gradual fading of the acuteness of the perception of "the other" have caused an extremely difficult situation with human self-determination in the post-culture, led to the replacement of identity as a complex set of rational settings and emotional experiences with its simulacra, situational representations and masks.
The Middle ages in the Historical Dynamics of Culture
Authors: DOKUCHAEV Ilya I.
Published: November 2024

The article considers the Middle Ages as a category of historical typology of culture. It is shown that this category has a negative content, but it is used to designate a key period in the history of European culture. However, its typological features are poorly defined; the feudal nature of production relations cannot be such a sign, since this closes the prospect of using the category of the Middle Ages to describe non-European cultures. The article proposes a substantiation of the key properties of the culture of the medieval type. Its most important features are synthetic, rationalization of tradition and world religion. The Middle Ages as a synthetic type of traditional culture presupposes rationalization and unification within the framework of a whole cultural sources of different origin and content. Thus, the European Middle Ages includes the following main elements: Greco-Roman antiquity, European agricultural culture, religious culture of Judeo-Christian origin and aristocratic culture of European peoples. The Islamic Middle Ages includes the traditional agricultural aristocratic and folk cultures of Iran, the Arabian Peninsula and the Turkic ethnic groups, Islamic culture and ancient European heritage. Buddhist Middle Ages – aristocratic and folk cultures of Japan, China, India, Tibet and Southeast Asia, Buddhist culture. The rationalization of tradition ensures the unity of these sources of medieval culture, turning eclecticism into a strict and consistent system. The main subjects of the cultural genesis of the Middle Ages are the Christian Church, the Muslim Ummah and the Buddhist Sangha, the principle of cultural genesis is a rationalized tradition that synthesizes the original cultural material, the main type of cultural artifacts that ensures the effectiveness of cultural genesis and the unity of its subject on the basis of a key existential value and faith is the world religion, which is either universal monotheism, or the practice of transition to an absolute sacred reality.
Toward the Methodology of the Humanities: Transformation of Research Approaches in the Architectonics of Culture
Authors: DROBYSHEVA Elena E.
Published: November 2024

The article deals the analysis of the methodological base of the humanities and specific concepts used in the study of the dynamic aspects of the functioning of culture. It is stated that in connection with the expansion of the empirical base of socio-humanitarian research and the growing trend of interdisciplinarity in them, it seems necessary to constantly revise the applied methodologies and clarify the boundaries and functionality of a particular method. The study of sociocultural architectonics in general, and its dynamic aspects in particular, requires the correlation of scientific vocabulary with the politics of language, technology and values in the current cultural and historical realities. It is noted that today's changes and complications of the very object of study – culture – are associated with two main trends - the formation of the digital era paradigm and the transition from postmodernism to metamodernism. Studies of culture in all the variety of forms and modes of its existence almost always involve addressing the problem of historical time, identifying the dialectical nature of ongoing processes, understanding the ontological significance of dynamic aspects and, as a result, determining the specifics of the era, its “spirit of the times”. It is noted that one of the most effective approaches in the humanities is semiotic. In this research discourse, such concepts as "cultural code", "text of culture", "artistic picture of the world", "national pictures of the world" are actively used. It is proposed to introduce the “artistic code of the era” as a methodological concept, which makes it possible to more accurately designate artistic and figurative models of a certain period of cultural development, identified on the basis of an analysis of works of art, literature, trends in the world of fashion, design, advertising and other areas of social representation. All this correlates with the trend in the development of such scientific areas as visual studies and the social history of art, on the one hand, and with the rapid growth of the role of technology in the field of culture, on the other. The spread of digital methods of production, promotion and consumption of cultural products is the basis for the current state of culture in the mode of its industrialization. In this regard, the next concept proposed for use in the course of research on dynamic processes in culture is the blockchain approach. Obviously, there is a potential for its use in studying the sphere of artistic life in its entirety, including museum and exhibition, educational and educational activities, the practice of collecting works of art and organizing urban space as a sphere of representation of relevant ideas, values and meanings.
The Ideas of the “Ohrenphilologie” in establishment of the Russian Theoretical Musicology of the 1920s: Boris Asafiev and the Researchers of the “Live Word”
Authors: BUKINA Tatyana V.
Published: November 2024

At a time of its institutionalization in post-revolutionary decade, Russian musicology was an active recipient of ideas, methods, and achievements of the related disciplines. The attention of the given article is drawn to one of such connections, significant for musicological thought of that period: an impact made on it by research of oral speech intonation carried out under the aegis of so called “Ohrenphilologie” (“auditory philology”). This impact is observed on the example of Boris Asafiev and, partly, his school at the Institute of Art History in Petrograd which maintained close collaboration with philologists and theater researchers from the Institute of the Live Word, one of the leading platforms of the Ohrenphilologie in Russia. A hypothesis is put forward that ideas of this direction influenced Asafiev’s concept of “sounding substance” which occupied an important place in his theoretical heritage of the 1920s. This phenomenon accumulated the key communicative, dynamic, and semantic parameters of music as well as sources of its psychphysiologic impact. In the course of comparative analysis it establishes continuity between ideas enunciated in the works of the specialists in Ohrenphilologie Vsevolod Vsesolodsky-Gerngross and Sergey Bernstein on the one hand, and Asafiev’s concept of the sounding substance on the other.
Victor Hugo’s Spiritualistic Drawings: Between Marginality and Surrealistic Images
Authors: MARTYNOVA Daria O.
Published: November 2024

The subject of this study is Victor Hugo's mediumistic drawings and the reasons for the formation of spiritualistic images within the writer's work. The main attention in the study is paid to the representation of spiritualistic practices in the analyzed drawings as a marker of the liminal not only in the works of Victor Hugo, but also in the culture of the XIX century as a whole. The purpose of this article is to analyze the history of the creation of “Spiritual albums” in the socio-cultural context of the second half of the XIX century to identify the formation of new cultural images and artistic techniques, as well as the degree of influence of Hugo's work on the formation of new trends in the art of the twentieth century. After describing a number of drawings from the “Spiritual Album”, their genesis and mythopoetic coordinates and entering them into the socio-cultural context, the author came to the conclusion that Hugo, responding to the phenomena popular in his period, anticipated the crisis of classical art and the search for new forms and materials that led to the formation of abstraction, automatism and aesthetics of the ugly and wild in the art of the twentieth century. This is confirmed by the appeal of the Surrealists to the works of Hugo in a number of manifestos. In addition, Hugo often decorated his drawings with household products: lace, juice and coffee. These materials themselves contributed to the unusual vision of the master. However, it is important to note that Victor Hugo can hardly be considered a full-fledged forerunner of art Brut or surrealism: his images and techniques were predetermined by the cultural environment and were carefully thought out by him.
Postmemorial Aesthetics: Synthesis of the Literary and the Visual in the Works of Outsider Artists (on the Example of the Works of Euphrosyne Kersnovskaya)
Authors: PODLEDNOV Denis D. , KAZANTSEVA Elena D.
Published: November 2024

In the process of implementing Stalin's policy, various stratums of the population were subjected to repressions: from ordinary workers to representatives of the creative and scientific intelligentsia. The art created by the artists during their imprisonment in the forced labor camps of the USSR and after their release is gradually going through the process of legitimation in contemporary artistic discourse. During the imprisonment in the camps, as well as after the release and restoration of civil rights, artists and poets reflected on the events experienced in the Gulag. For many of them, in conditions of lack of freedom, creativity became a kind of reaction to trauma. In the 20th century, the information transfer mechanism that contributes to overcoming trauma began to be called the term “postmemory” (postmemory) and used in studies of the memory of traumatic events for generations of eyewitnesses (participants) and postgenerations. The works of visual culture, broadcasting narratives associated with the structure of post-memory, have post-memorial aesthetics. Painting or literature, created in conditions of captivity or after liberation, was not just an instrument of escapism, but also had an important psychotherapeutic function, contributing to the process of retraumatization. Even after the death of the eyewitness himself, who captured his traumatic memories on paper, these narratives of history and the emotional layer of information about the past, albeit indirectly, are transmitted to representatives of post-generations, transforming their role from spectators to witnesses. At the same time, such art often differed from the recognized canons of Soviet aesthetics, which is partly due to the fact that it was created by both professional artists and outsider artists (self-taught, amateurs). One of the clearest examples is Evfrosiniya Kersnovskaya's memoirs “How Much Does a Man Cost” illustrated by the author, written by her in the 1960s and published in the 1990s. A distinctive feature of the memoirs is the combination of the literary language with fine art, which contributes to a deeper immersion of the reader into the context of not only the personal history of Euphrosyne Kersnovskaya, but also the history of the Gulag.
Parameters Affecting the Resistance of Concrete to Aggressive Environments
Authors:   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», RYABKOVA Marina , BAIDZHANOV Dzhumageldy ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», ABDULLAYEVA Aiganym ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», KHAN Maxim ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University»
Published: November 2024

Provides data on improvement of concrete resistance to aggressive media. Theoretical and practical researches on revealing the reasons of resistance of various concretes to aggressive media are carried out. Methods of increasing the strength of concrete on different binders are investigated. The influence of macro- and micropores on the resistance of concrete has been studied. It is established that concretes with slag or alkaline components show lower capillary porosity in comparison with materials based on Portland cement. This characteristic helps to reduce permeability and increase the stability of the material.
Study of the Properties of Asphalt Concrete with the Additive of Ground Tire Rubber and Oil Waste
Authors:   NPJSC «Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University», ZHAPAKHOVA Akmaral , UDERBAEV Saken ,   NPJSC «Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University», SAKTAGANOVA Nargul ,   NPJSC «Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University», KELMAGAMBETOV Nurlybek ,   Ashyk University
Published: November 2024

It is proposed to development of the composition of an asphalt concrete mixture with the addition of oil waste and crushed tire rubber, which has improved physical and mechanical properties. It has been established that when they are introduced into the composition of asphalt concrete in a certain grain composition, they contribute to an increase in the asphalt concrete mixture to a significant decrease in water absorption, an increase in water resistance, as well as resistance to aging under the influence of environmental factors and ultraviolet radiation. Rubber particles contribute to an increase in the proportion of closed porosity in asphalt concrete, which means that the addition of crumb rubber can improve the corrosion resistance of asphalt concrete. The obtained main dependences are presented, which allow to evaluate the influence of oil waste and crushed tire rubber on the properties of asphalt concrete. The authors offer recommendations on the use of crumb rubber and oil waste as an additive in asphalt concrete in hot climates.
Modifiers of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures for Road Pavements
Authors:   NPJSC «L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University», ZHUMAGULOVA Adiya , DYUSEMBINOV Duman ,   NPJSC «L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University», RAKHIMOVA Galiya ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», KOZHAKHMET Aru ,   NPJSC «L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University», BAKIRBAYEVA Anar ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University»
Published: November 2024

Modified asphalt concrete is considered, focusing on its significance in Kazakhstan's road infrastructure and the factors influencing its strength properties. It discusses various types of asphalt concrete and their compositions, highlighting the role of bitumen as the main binding material. Emphasis is placed on asphalt modifiers, including plasticizers, rubber additives, and polymer fibers, with a particular focus on rubber additives. The paper also discusses the use of asphalt concrete in road construction, noting the shift towards crushed stone-mastic and porous coarse-grained asphalt concrete. Additionally, it presents experimental results on the use of modifiers such as plastic, polymers, and activated rubber crumb, demonstrating improvements in crack resistance, plasticity, and rutting resistance of asphalt concrete. Overall, the study underscores the importance of asphalt concrete in ensuring safer and more efficient traffic flow in Kazakhstan's road network.
Justification of the Efficiency of Using Gas Fuel on Shunting Locomotives
Authors:   Academy of Logistics and Transport, BAKYT Gabit , BAUBEKOV Yermek ,   Academy of Logistics and Transport, SARSENOV Kuantkhan ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», MUZDYBAYEVA Alfiya ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», GRACHEV Vladimir ,   Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University
Published: November 2024

In recent years, a number of scientists in Russia and other countries have been engaged in research on efficient power plants for vehicles and on the choice of a fuel type for them that meets economic and environmental conditions. The purpose of the research is to consider and substantiate the efficiency of using liquefied and compressed natural gas in combination with diesel fuel for shunting locomotives. In accordance with the literature reviews, the basic requirements for creating a model of a gas-diesel engine are summarized. The main properties of the gas fuel used for vehicles are considered and the possibility of constant supply of locomotive engines with gas fuel is justified. As a result of the conducted analyses and studies, it was revealed and substantiated that the use of liquefied natural gas as an additive to diesel fuel has a positive effect on the performance of the power plant.
Nasal skin tracts or nasal abscess long- term complications of rhinoplasty: A case series.
Authors:   Associate Professor Of Otolaryngology Shahid Beheshti University Of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran., Goljanian A , Babamohamadi Z ,   Shahid Beheshti University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aims to illustrate some cases of postrhinoplasty that presented with abscesses and skin tracts. Methods: In a case series of 11 patients who presented with post-rhinoplasty abscess or skin tract, we try to consider the interval, etiology, risk factors, age, and gender to mention the possibility of the presence of skin tract as a post-rhinoplastic sequel.
تشدد کے اسباب ، نقصانات اور اس سے بچاؤ : بدھ مت اور اسلام کی کتبِ مقدسہ کا تقابلی مطالعہ
Authors: Zohaib Ahmad  , Muhammad Tanweer Khawar
Published: November 2024

Violence is defined as a behaviour that encourages strong emotions to use physical force to hurt, injure, damage, or kill someone or something. Most of the known religious traditions consider it a negative property. Elaborating on its various motives, sources, and results, both Buddhist and Islamic scriptures warn against the factors that stimulate violent behaviour. Although various individual studies in both traditions are available, a comparative analysis of this concept is still missing. Therefore, presenting an in-depth analysis, this paper compares the scriptures of both religions to trace out the similarities and differences between their stances on the one hand and figure out how these findings can be used to promote interfaith harmony on the other. It is argued that both religions treat violence as a psychological problem that affects individuals and society at an equal level. Considering it an evil, both religions declare it a major cause of failure not only in this life but also in the afterlife. Therefore, it is suggested that by following the teachings of their respective religions, both Buddhists and Muslims can promote peace and interfaith harmony in the world.
معاجمِ عربیہ کا تاریخی ارتقا اورفن تخریج الحدیث میں معاجمِ اطراف الحدیث کی اہمیت: ”تحفة الاشراف بمعرفة الاطراف“ کا اختصاصی مطالعہ
Authors: Samiullah Muhammad
Published: November 2024

: Takhrīj ‛l Ḥadīth” (Expurgation) means the act of extracting from books a Ḥadīth (Tradition) along with its narrations and making it an object of criticism /discussion. Takhrīj is also a guidance that describes the presence of a particular Ḥadīth in original sources and mentions its chain of transmission as well as narrates, if it is required in reliability of that Ḥadīth. Whereas “Tarf ‛l Ḥadīth” means narrating a piece of Ḥadīth that connotes the whole Ḥadīth. This terminology is exclusively associated with Takhrīj ‛l Ḥadīth. The “Atraf ‛l Ḥadīth” is the referral book of Aḥadīth in which the author mentions a well-known portion of Ḥadīth and sometimes he brings a word or sentence alphabetically to refer the body of text from same Ḥadīth. It maks easy to complete the chain of transmission of the Ḥadīth. Moreover, the author also mentions the complete referral books in which that particular Ḥadīth is narrated. The “Kutub‛l faharis” (Books of Indexes) are also guide to make easy indexes of Aḥadīth by which the particular Ḥadīth may be searched from the original sources of Aḥadīth. This article deals with the fundamentals of the art of “Atarāf ‛l Ḥadīth” as well as introduction and methodological study of “Toḥfat-‛l-Ashrāf bi M’arifati ‛l Atrāf” that is most important book on this topic written by Hafiz ul Muzzi, the famous Syrian scholar of Ḥadīth sciences in 8th century Hijrah.
اردو ترجمہ قرآن پر وقف تجاذب/تعانق کے اثرات: منتخب اردو تراجم کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Authors: Al Mustafa Muhammad Tahir , Mahmood Nasir
Published: November 2024

After the compilation of Muṣḥaf-i ‘Uthmanī, the punctuation marks were inserted in the Qur’ānic text for the convenience of non-native Arabic speakers to make the understanding of the meaning easy. Among these marks, there is a mark known as Tajādhub/Ta‘ānuq (combined optional pause). This mark generally occurs twice in an āyah, and it means to have a full stop while reading this āyah in one place and link the āyah with the following word/verse in another place. This action influences the meaning and interpretation of the āyah as the meaning can be changed in both cases while translating the āyah from Arabic into any other language. This happens because an interpreter has the freedom to elaborate the meaning of the holy Qur’ān in many ways, but a translator converts only the exact meaning of the Arabic text into another language without interpretation. This study aims to find out the impact of this mark on the meaning of the holy Qur’ān and also determines the causes of preferences given by Urdu translators of the holy Qur’ān. This article also explores how translators use the full stop in the verse, how a part of the verse is linked with the following word/verse, and how it impacts the meaning of the verse.
جامع ترمذی میں علمِ اصولِ فقہ کا تعارفی مطالعہ (کتاب الطهارة تا کتاب الجنائز)
Authors: Malik Saima , Raza Muhammad Hamid
Published: November 2024

Jamʽi Tarimzdhī is a comprehensive reference book on hadees which its self radiates different fields of knowledge. According to Ibnul Arabi and Allama Ghulam Rasool, it is considered to form the basis of fourteen (14) and twenty four (24) subjects of Hadees and Fiqh respectively. Later is of the view that it may give rise to even more than twenty four illustrations. A thorough research analysis of "Jame" from "Abwabul taharah to Abwabul jnaiz" proved it as such. The methodology and style for Ttitles (Trajm e abwab) and collection the sources of Fiqh (Mustadallat) clarifies / envisages thirteen (13) more different technical subjects of Usool e fiqh as well. So, the present study is done to extract and explore the introduction of these possible technical subjects in the field along with examples from "Jame tirmzi", (Abwabul taharah to Abwabul jnaiz).
حدیث اور علوم حدیث پر تحقیق: پندرھویں صدی عیسویں میں برصغیر کے علما کی خدمات کا جائزہ
Authors: Khan Murtaza , Saleem Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Scholars have invented various sciences for the protection of Ḥadīth and ʻUlūm ʻl Ḥadīth. Such as the ʻIlm ʻl rijāl, ʻIlm ʻl jarḥ wa Taʻdīl and the knowledge of the strangeness of ḥadīth, etc. Thus, from the beginning of Islam, the scholars of the Subcontinent, while contributing to the service of the Qur'ān and ʻUlūm ʻl Qur'ān, continued their services in Ḥadīth and ʻUlūm ʻl Ḥadīth. However, Ḥadīth and ʻUlūm ʻl Ḥadīth was revived in the subcontinent in the fifteenth century. This research intends the work done by the Scholars in terms of Ḥadīth and ʻUlūm ʻl Ḥadīth in 15th has been described. During this period, the scholars of ḥadīth performed very well in the subcontinent, as a result of which people from far and wide began to travel to subcontinent to acquire knowledge of ḥadīth. The ḥadīth narrators developed great role in the sciences of ḥadīth. In subcontinent the noteworthy Moḥaddthīn are Abdullah b. Umar al-Halavī (1404 AD), Muhammad b. Yaqūb Sherāzī (1414 AD), Syed Muhammad Gaisūdarāz (1422 AD), Muhammad b. Muhammad al-Makrānī (1422 AD), Badar ud Dīn al-Damaminī (1424 AD), Hussain b. Muʻīz Bahārī (1441 AD), Mahmood Gawon (1481 AD), Shaikh ʻAlā ud Dīn Dehlvī, Abū Saūd b. Younus Malikī etc.
عید الاضحیٰ کی قربانی اور عشرۂ ذی الحجہ کی ممنوعات ( ماخذِ حکم، مسئلے کا تاریخی سیاق اور فقہا ومحدثین کے نقطہ ہاے نظر کا علمی جائزہ)
Authors: Gazdar Muhammad Amir
Published: November 2024

This work probes into the alleged prohibition of cutting hair and nails during the first ten days of Dhil Ḥijjah. It is said to be observed by those intending to sacrifice animals on ʻEid ʻl-Adḥā. The issue has been controversial right from the early centuries of Islam and is still far from settled. This article sheds light on the basic source of this ruling. It then discusses various views of jurists and Ḥadīth scholars, followed by elucidating the reasons for differences among them. In doing so, it provides an overview of the origin and evolution of the issue over the last fourteen hundred years. After a careful analysis, the work concludes that the most convincing view is that of the majority of scholars, viz. no such prohibition can be established based on the sayings or practice of the Prophet (peace be on him). What is generally permissible for a believer, therefore, should also remain permissible for them during these specific days.
امن کا اسلامی تصوّر اور پاکستان میں اس کی تطبیق:تحدیات و امکانات
Authors: Ifraq Tahira
Published: November 2024

Islam places a strong emphasis on the concept of peace and has provided a comprehensive code of conduct for achieving it. Peace is seen as a catalyst for positive change within societies. While cultural and civilization differences can influence behavior, attitudes, and ways of thinking, these differences should not be considered as decisive as they are often perceived. Human beings should strive to understand each other. The Quran encourages harmony and dialogue between different traditions and cultures, offering a space for cooperation and conversation. Bridging the gaps between traditions and cultures can create an atmosphere of concord and facilitate the resolution of conflicts and disputes.
In Pakistan, extremism and hatred have assumed alarming proportions. The roots of growing extremism in Pakistan cannot be attributed to a single element; rather, a multitude of internal and external factors have played a role in it. The internal political, educational, and economic situation, along with the lack of law enforcement, contributes to the worsening issues in Pakistan. At the international level, Pakistan's involvement in wars, resentment from the West, clashes of cultures, and other issues have further deteriorated the country's economic and political conditions. The impact of all these situations on the general public leads to the development of extremist ideologies. The concept of peace emerges as a guiding light for humanity. The initial section of this article delves into the profound teachings of Islam, unraveling the intricate layers of peace as elucidated by the divine sources. The second part confronts the challenges woven into the fabric of Pakistani society when attempting to manifest the ideals of peace. It navigates through the complexities, shedding light on the hurdles that obstruct the realization of peace in the local context. The concluding part of the article presents potential solutions and prospects, painting a tapestry of possibilities for cultivating peace within the unique sociopolitical landscape of Pakistan. This final section invites reflection on the transformative power of Islamic principles in overcoming the obstacles towards a harmonious and tranquil society.
This article weaves together the spiritual richness of Islamic teachings, the current challenges faced in Pakistan, and the optimistic pathways forward, creating a harmonious balance that resonates with the quest for enduring peace.
Energy Scheduling and Low-carbon and Water Conservation Optimization for Electricity-Heat-Cooling-Gas Multi-Region Integrated Energy System
Authors: Yuda Zhao
Published: November 2024

As global demand for green and clean energy grows, integrated energy systems (IESs) capable of integrating renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power are considered as a key approach to solve the energy crisis. These systems can significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce the use of fossil fuels. This article proposes an energy dispatch and low-carbon optimization method for a multi-region electricity-heat-cooling-gas IES. The method considers traditional energy flows such as electricity and natural gas, while further introducing cooling and heating loads, energy storage technologies (e.g., battery storage and thermal storage), and demand response strategies to more comprehensively simulate the operational characteristics and interactions of energy systems across different regions. Through multi-region collaborative optimal scheduling, the IES achieves energy complementarity and balance between regions, and can flexibly respond to changes in different load demands, thereby enhancing the reliability and resilience of the system. Simulation results show that the proposed method not only improves energy utilization but also significantly reduces operating costs and carbon emissions. Especially with the integration of renewable energy sources, it effectively reduces greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to global environmental protection and sustainable development goals. In addition, by incorporating efficient water management strategies into the multi-region IES, the system further supports environmental protection through reduced water consumption, aligning with both energy and water conservation goals.
Analysis of Enzyme Interference Factors During Storage of Millet Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Li Jun Zhu
Published: November 2024

The color of millet beige is one of the important factors related to the quality of millet. As people's living standards continue to improve, consumers and the millet industry market are increasingly demanding quality. The fading problem of millet during storage has seriously affected the edible quality and commercial value of millet. However, there are few reports on the mechanism of millet storage deterioration so far. This paper combines machine learning algorithms to systematically study the relationship between lipoxygenase and the color of millet fading from the physiological and molecular levels. Moreover, this paper uses multiple sets of variables to conduct experimental research to explore the molecular mechanism of millet fading phenomenon, which not only provides a theoretical basis for delaying millet aging and ensuring millet storage quality, but also has important significance for the breeding of millet beige quality.
Solar-Powered Irrigation Systems for Small-Scale Farmers
Authors: Leena Bharat Chaudhari
Published: November 2024

Solar-powered watering systems are becoming a long-term option for small farmers, especially in places where water is scarce and power isn't always available. This research looks at the pros and cons of using solar-powered watering systems in small farms. As the world's need for food grows, farmers must find the best ways to use water while keeping costs as low as possible. Solar energy is a good option to traditional energy sources. For example, farmers can use the sun's power to run pumps and watering systems more effectively. The study looks at previous research on solar irrigation technologies, with a focus on how they can help increase crop yields, make water management better, and lower greenhouse gas emissions. Case studies from different countries show how solar-powered systems have helped small-scale farms by making it easier to get water, which is important for food growth and long-term viability. In addition, these methods give farms more power by making them less reliant on fossil fuels and more resistant to climate change. Even though solar watering systems have many benefits, they are not widely used because of a number of problems. High starting investment costs, limited access to financing, and farmers' lack of technical understanding are all big problems that need to be fixed. This study also looks at possible ways to make it easier for small-scale farmers to use solar irrigation systems. Some of these are government grants, community-based financial models, and training programs.
The Use of Climate Data for Better Irrigation Decision-Making
Authors: Swati Gopal Gawhale
Published: November 2024

An increasing lack of water and a rising demand for agricultural output have made it important to handle irrigation well for farming to continue in the future. This essay looks at how temperature data can be used to help people make decisions about irrigation in order to save water and increase food yields. Farmers can learn a lot about how much rain falls, how the temperature changes, and how hot it is by using advanced climate models and real-time weather data. Using this information, people involved in agriculture can find the best times to water crops, waste less water, and make the crops healthier overall. This study talks about different ways to gather and analyze climate data, such as using satellite images, weather stations, and tools for making climate predictions. Our study looks at examples of how using temperature data in irrigation has made a big difference in how water is managed and how much food is produced. The results show that farmers who use climate data are better able to predict weather problems like droughts or too much rain, which lets them make changes to their watering plans in time. In addition, the study talks about how technology, such as mobile apps and automatic watering systems, can help people make decisions based on data. These new technologies not only give farmers useful information, but they also encourage environmentally friendly ways to use water.
Crowdsourced Intelligence: A Federated Learning Approach to Analyzing Public Opin-ion on Social Media
Authors: Tarun Pare
Published: November 2024

This research paper explores the application of federated learning to social media sentiment analysis, focusing on the task of analyzing public opinion across diverse online platforms. Making use of federated learning, we aggregate sentiment analysis models trained on data from multiple sources while preserving data privacy and security. Our experiments demonstrate promising results, indicating that federated learning effectively captures dynamic sentiment expressions across various social media platforms. Insights gained from this research contribute to a deeper understanding of public opinion dynamics online, offering valuable implications for businesses, policymakers, and researchers. Future work includes investigating advanced federated learning techniques, optimizing model architectures, extending analysis to multimodal data sources, evaluating generalizability across demographic groups and languages, and assessing scalability for large-scale datasets. This research represents a foundational exploration of federated learning for social media sentiment analysis, with potential implications for advancing both federated learning methodologies and understanding public sentiment in the digital age.
Toward a Smart Suрervision Systems in the Рetroleum Industry Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Khalid Chkara
Published: November 2024

In this study, we aim to enhance the oрerational efficiency and safety of liԛuid рetroleum storage facilities by integrating advanced analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) for рredictive maintenance and real-time monitoring. Liԛuid рetroleum storage facilities are critical nodes in the oil and gas suррly chain, and their efficient oрeration is рaramount to ensuring continuous suррly and safety [1]. Traditional suрervision systems, such as Distributed Control Systems (DCS) and Suрervisory Control and Data Acԛuisition (SCADA), have been widely adoрted to monitor and control these facilities[2]. However, these systems can be significantly augmented with modern AI techniԛues to рredict eԛuiрment failures, oрtimize maintenance schedules, and рrovide real-time oрerational insights [3].
This рaрer builds uрon рrevious research by incorрorating advanced machine learning algorithms and real-time data analytics into the existing suрervisory framework. We will deрloy sensors to collect real-time data on eԛuiрment рerformance, environmental conditions, and oрerational рarameters, which will be integrated into a centralized data рlatform [4]. Using this data, we will develoр and train AI models caрable of рredicting eԛuiрment malfunctions and maintenance needs with high accuracy [5].
The results of this integration are exрected to demonstrate a significant reduction in eԛuiрment downtime, oрtimized maintenance schedules, enhanced safety, and overall cost savings [6]. Real-time monitoring and рredictive insights will enable more рroactive maintenance рractices, reducing the risk of unexрected failures and imрroving oрerational continuity [7]. This study will рrovide a robust framework for other рetroleum storage facilities to adoрt similar enhancements, leveraging AI to drive oрerational excellence in the industry.