bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Italy in the Eastern Mediterranean: between economics and geopolitics
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Alekseenkova Elena
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes Italian politics in the Eastern Mediterranean in the context of current geopolitical rivalries and conflicts. Italian relations with Turkey, that is leading an increasingly active policy in the region, are analyzed in the context of the Libyan settlement and the escalation of the conflict of Turkey with Greece and Cyprus. The conclusion is made that geopolitical escalation in the region and the need to adhere to the principles of European solidarity may negatively affect Italy’s ability to realize its economic interests in the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa.
D. Trump as a Factor in the Political Demarcation in Europe
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanov Pavel
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the role of the American leader as an indicator of internal political contradictions in European society. The subject of the research is the socio-political differences in Europe in the context of attitudes towards the political course and personality of US President D. Trump. The purpose of the study is to identify the main political forces that approve and share D. Trump's policies in the EU countries, the reasons for support, and efforts to advance their positions. The US initiatives to change the European political landscape are disclosed. The reasons for the growth of support for the US President and the transformation of attitudes towards him in European countries are revealed. The author reveals the conflict potential of socio-political challenges and the sharpness of disagreements regarding the policy of the White House. Conclusions are drawn about the similarity of the socio-political delimitation in European countries and the United States, a high level of D. Trump's influence on the internal political processes in the EU is noted. The author came to the conclusion about the strengthening of support for the American president, the growing popularity of the conservative parties of the «political alternative» and the deepening of the internal political division, both in Europe and in the United States.
Sleep Deprivation Enhances Cocaine Conditioned Place Preference in an Orexin Receptor-Modulated Manner
Authors: Bjorness Theresa E. , Greene Robert W.
Published: November 2020

Drug addiction and withdrawal are characterized by sleep disruption, but the effects of sleep disruption on these states are not well characterized. Sleep deprivation (SD) immediately before the cocaine conditioning trials enhanced cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) in a dose-dependent manner (3, 8 mg/kg but not 15 mg/kg) in mice. SD immediately before the postconditioning test also enhanced cocaine CPP preference in a dose-dependent manner (8 mg/kg, but not 3, 15 mg/kg). Exposure to orexin-receptor antagonism (1 mg/kg SB 334867, an orexin 1 receptor antagonist; OX1R) just before cocaine-conditioning trials or the postconditioning test attenuated SD-enhanced preference. This suggests a potential therapeutic role for the manipulation of the orexin system to mitigate drug seeking, especially in the context of sleep loss before drug exposure.
Loss of TREM2 Confers Resilience to Synaptic and Cognitive Impairment in Aged Mice
Authors: Qu Wenhui , Li Ling
Published: November 2020

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), a receptor exclusively expressed by microglia in the brain, modulates microglial immune homeostasis. Human genetic studies have shown that the loss-of-function mutations in TREM2 signaling are strongly associated with an elevated risk of age-related neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Numerous studies have investigated the impact of TREM2 deficiency in the pathogenic process of AD. However, the role of TREM2 in shaping neuronal and cognitive function during normal aging is underexplored. In the present study, we employed behavioral, electrophysiological, and biochemical approaches to assess cognitive and synaptic function in male and female young and aged TREM2-deficient (Trem2−/−) mice compared with age-matched, sex-matched, and genetic background-matched wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J controls. YoungTrem2−/− mice exhibited normal cognitive function and synaptic plasticity but had increased dendritic spine density compared with young WT. Unexpectedly, agedTrem2−/− mice showed superior cognitive performance compared with aged WT controls. Consistent with the behavioral data, agedTrem2−/− mice displayed significantly enhanced hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and increased dendritic spine density and synaptic markers compared with aged WT mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that loss of TREM2 affects the neuronal structure and confers resilience to age-related synaptic and cognitive impairment during non-pathogenic aging.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMicroglia are innate immune cells of the brain that orchestrates neurodevelopment, synaptic function, and immune response to environmental stimuli. Microglial triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) signaling plays pivotal roles in regulating these functions and loss of TREM2 signaling leads to increased risk of developing age-related neurologic disorders. However, the neurologic role of TREM2 in normal aging is poorly understood. The results of the present study unveil the positive impacts of TREM2 deficiency on cognitive and synaptic function during aging and suggest that TREM2 may exert detrimental effects on neuronal function. The possibility of age-related negative impacts from TREM2 is critically important since TREM2 has emerged as a major therapeutic target for Alzheimer's dementia.
Emission Reduction Opportunities in a Rapidly Growing Economy
Authors: Vuong Khuong Q. , Nguyen Nam Hoai , Luu Quyen Le , Nguyen Ha Thanh , Nguyen Hang Thi Diem , Van Doan Binh , Dargusch Paul
Published: November 2020

Vietnam’s Green Growth Action Plan for the period 2014–2020 sets out an overall plan for the sustainable development of the country. One of the cornerstones of that plan is the development of a greenhouse gas inventory and emission reduction opportunity assessment for Ho Chi Minh City. This provides a basis for the roadmap towards green growth in Ho Chi Minh City, one of Vietnam’s largest cities. Marginal costs of 38 emission reduction measures were determined for two main economy sectors, namely energy (32 measures) and agriculture, forestry, and other land use (6 measures). From that analysis, a marginal abatement cost curve was compiled for the energy sector. The total emission reduction opportunities available in 2020 are estimated to be 8.97 million tCO2e, which represents a 14.7% reduction compared to business as usual. Even when the city only implements reduction measures with negative marginal costs (i.e., abatement that saves money), significant reductions of 5.25 MtCO2e (8.6% reduction compared to business as usual) would be achieved. There are significant similarities in abatement opportunities between Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi, Vietnam’s capital. The case study shows significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions can be achieved in fast-growing cities with an appropriate level of investment and government support.
Non‐apoptotic caspase activation preserves Drosophila intestinal progenitor cells in quiescence
Authors: Arthurton Lewis , Nahotko Dominik Antoni , Alonso Jana , Wendler Franz , Baena‐Lopez Luis Alberto
Published: November 2020

Caspase malfunction in stem cells often precedes the appearance and progression of multiple types of cancer, including human colorectal cancer. However, the caspase‐dependent regulation of intestinal stem cell properties remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Dronc, the Drosophila ortholog of caspase‐9/2 in mammals, limits the number of intestinal progenitor cells and their entry into the enterocyte differentiation programme. Strikingly, these unexpected roles for Dronc are non‐apoptotic and have been uncovered under experimental conditions without epithelial replenishment. Supporting the non‐apoptotic nature of these functions, we show that they require the enzymatic activity of Dronc, but are largely independent of the apoptotic pathway. Alternatively, our genetic and functional data suggest that they are linked to the caspase‐mediated regulation of Notch signalling. Our findings provide novel insights into the non‐apoptotic, caspase‐dependent modulation of stem cell properties that could improve our understanding of the origin of intestinal malignancies.
Artificial Neural Network and Support Vector Regression Applied in Quantitative Structure-property Relationship Modelling of Solubility of Solid Solutes in Supercritical CO2
Authors: Moussaoui Mohammed , Laidi Maamar , Hanini Salah , Hentabli Mohamed
Published: November 2020

In this study, the solubility of 145 solid solutes in supercritical CO2 (scCO2) was correlated using computational intelligence techniques based on Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) models. A database of 3637 solubility values has been collected from previously published papers. Dragon software was used to calculate molecular descriptors of 145 solid systems. The genetic algorithm (GA) was implemented to optimise the subset of the significantly contributed descriptors. The overall average absolute relative deviation MAARD of about 1.345 % between experimental and calculated values by support vector regress SVR-QSPR model was obtained to predict the solubility of 145 solid solutes in supercritical CO2, which is better than that obtained using ANN-QSPR model of 2.772 %. The results show that the developed SVR-QSPR model is more accurate and can be used as an alternative powerful modelling tool for QSAR studies of the solubility of solid solutes in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). The accuracy of the proposed model was evaluated using statistical analysis by comparing the results with other models reported in the literature.
CHITOSAN-DERIVATIVES IN COMBINATIONS WITH SELECTED PORPHYRINOIDS AS NOVEL HYBRID MATERIALS FOR MEDICINE AND PHARMACY
Authors: Szczepański Radosław , Gadomska Laura , Michalak Marek , Bakun Paweł , Pawlak Kacper , Goslinski Tomasz , Ziegler-Borowska Marta , Czarczynska-Goslinska Beata
Published: November 2020

Chitosan and its derivatives are renewable biopolymers characterized by high biocompatibility; therefore, they are harmless to humans and allow immune tolerance and improved hydrophilicity. Moreover, chitosan has been the most studied of all polysaccharides used in biomedical applications during the last decade. Combinations of chitosan and porphyrinoid compounds in hybrid materials have revealed many potential applications for biomedical sciences. The main advantage of such materials is an increase in the solubility of porphyrinoids in body fluids and therefore greater release of singlet oxygen to the treated tissue. Chitosan-based drug delivery systems can improve the targeting of porphyrinoids and their release at predetermined locations and finally achieve desired therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. Hence, porphyrinoid-chitosan materials can be applied in drug delivery systems, cancer theranostics and magnetic resonance imaging. The combination of chitosan and porphyrinoids also appears useful in the healing and repairing of damaged organs, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, as well as dressing materials. Huge benefits are related to the treatment of wounds, which has been presented for self-healing hydrogels based on chitosan and porphyrinoids. Furthermore, the chitosan/porphyrinoid combinations have
revealed enormous benefits for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.
INFLUENCE OF CHITOSAN MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND DEGREE OF DEACETYLATION ON MEMBRANE PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SEPARATION PROPERTIES IN ETHANOL DEHYDRATION BY THE VAPOUR PERMEATION PROCESS
Authors: Gnus Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

Membranes were prepared using three chitosans with different molecular weights and degrees of deacetylation. The influence of chitosan features on membrane physicochemical properties, i.e. degree of swelling, contact angle and tensile strength, as well as membrane separation properties in ethanol dehydration by the vapour permeation process are discussed. The conducted experiments showed that an increase in the chitosan molecular weight led to an increase in the membrane surface contact angle concomitant with a decrease in the material selectivity coefficient. On the other hand, an increase in the chitosan degree of deacetylation caused a reduction in ethanol and improved the water permeate flux. There was greater selectivity in the test process for membranes prepared from chitosan with the lowest molecular weight.
Chronic atrophic gastritis: an update on diagnosis
Authors: Botezatu Adriana , Bodrug Nicolae
Published: November 2020

Background and aim. Atrophic gastritis is a precancerous gastric lesion, therefore its early detection is a priority in preventing gastric cancer. The aim of the present paper is to develop a narrative synthesis of the present knowledge on diagnostic methods of chronic atrophic gastritis.

Methods. A literature search was carried out on main databases: PubMed, Hinari, SpringerLink and Scopus (Elsevier) for the period 2000-2020. The searched keywords were: chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia + diagnosis. Inclusion criteria were focused on the articles about the invasive and non-invasive diagnosis of chronic atrophic gastritis and of precancerous gastric lesions, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia; exclusion criteria were articles published before 2000 and those that did not include the proposed theme.

Results. The search returned 575 papers addressing the topic of precancerous lesions. From these, 60 articles were qualified representative for the materials published on the topic of this synthesis article, being those that met the inclusion criteria. The data emphasize the need to use upper digestive endoscopy with biopsies for the diagnosis of chronic atrophic gastritis. However serological diagnosis is available as alternative mainly recommended in follow up.

Conclusions. There are two main methodological approaches for the evaluation of chronic atrophic gastritis as a precancerous gastric lesions: invasive examination, which requires histological analysis of biopsy samples taken during upper digestive endoscopy, being the "gold standard" for diagnosis, and non-invasive serological examination using markers of gastric function.
From the Letters of Birutė Masionienė (1991–1996)
Authors: Brio Valentina
Published: November 2020

Publication, introduction, and commentary by Valentina Brio
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Roach Gavin D.
Published: November 2020

Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) is a common cause of seizures, encephalopathy, altered mental status, and focal neurologic deficits in the neonatal period. It is the leading known cause of cerebral palsy. Other long-term risks include the development of epilepsy and impairment in cognition, language, and behavior. This article will review the known risk factors for PAIS, as well as the evaluation, management, and prognosis. Long-term neurodevelopmental surveillance is recommended, along with intensive therapies to reduce morbidity.
Pediatrician Electronic Health Record Time Use for Outpatient Encounters
Authors: Overhage J. Marc , Johnson Kevin B.
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND:

The time providers spend using their electronic health records (EHRs) delivering care and its potential impact on patient care are of concern for the health care system. In studies to date, researchers have focused on providers who primarily care for adults. Scant information exists for pediatricians. Given this gap, it is important to quantify EHR activity for this group.

METHODS:

We studied pediatricians practicing in US-based ambulatory practices using the Cerner Millennium EHR by extracting data from software log files in the Lights On Network for the calendar year 2018 and summarizing the time spent on each of 13 clinically-focused EHR functions according to clinical specialty.

RESULTS:

Our data included >20 million encounters by almost 30 thousand physicians from 417 health systems. Pediatric physicians spent an average of 16 minutes per encounter using their EHR. Chart review (31%), documentation (31%), and ordering (13%) functions accounted for most of the time. The distribution of time spent by providers using their EHR is highly variable within subspecialty but is similar across specialties. Because of data limitations, we were unable to examine geographic or health system–specific variation.

CONCLUSIONS:

Pediatricians, like physicians who care for adults, spend a large portion of their day using their EHR. Additionally, although chart review and documentation accounted for 62% of the activity, as in previously published studies, in our study, we found that chart review accounted for half of that time. Wide variation suggests opportunities to optimize both the processes of entering information and searching for patient data within the EHR.
Modified techniques in quantification of intracellular Listeria monocytogenes in vitro infection
Authors: Thanh Thao Tran , Thi Ha Nguyen
Published: November 2020

The demand for reliable methods for the quantification of intracellular bacteria is growing. Among modern methods such as PCR and flow cytometry, traditional methods including colony forming unit assay and immune-fluorescence are still the two most commonly techniques worldwide. In colony forming unit assay, there are variations among publications, making data results inconsistent across studies. The aim of this paper is to evaluate available techniques and develop improved protocols for the quantification of intracellular Listeria monocytogenes (LM) in vitro infection assay. This study has suggested different uptake time for phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells. Specifically, uptake time was determined at 0.5 hour after infection for RAW264.7 macrophages and 2 hours for L929 fibroblast host cells. To efficiently remove extracellular bacteria during infection period, gentamicin at high and low concentrations was used during the infection assay. High concentration of gentamicin was used to kill extracellular bacteria while low concentration of gentamicin was used to prevent secondary infection of host cells during the infection period. To obtain a more accurate number of alive LM from a large scale experiment, phosphate-buffered saline/PBS should be used rather than mili-Q (mQ) water to lyse the host cell as mQ water can kill additional bacteria unexpectedly. In immune-fluorescence, LM can be visualized by using either the LM expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP) or antibody against LM. To observed GFP signal, cells should be fixed with paraformaldehyde as methanol will rapidly dim the GFP signal. Findings from this study will benefit researchers engaged in both basic cell biology and infectious diseases.
Haemagglutination activity of lectins from extracts of some Vietnam marine sponges
Authors: Hung Le Dinh , Thanh Trung Dinh
Published: November 2020

Aqueous extracts from 16 species of Vietnam marine sponges were examined for haemagglutination activity using native and enzyme-treated different animal and human erythrocytes. Among these, extracts from 14 species were found to have haemagglutinination activities toward at least one type of erythrocyte tested meaning that 87.5% of the surveyed marine sponge species possess haemagglutination activity. Strong activity was detected in extracts from marine sponge species Acanthella cavernosa, Axinyssa sp., Cinachyrella sp., 01NT.2.4, 3.5, 3.10, 3.11 and 3.18 with enzyme-treated various animal and human erythrocytes. In a haemagglutination–inhibition test with various monosaccharides and glycoproteins, haemagglutination activity of the extract from A. cavernosa had no affinity for any of the monosaccharides, but inhibited by porcine stomach mucin and fetuin, whereas activities of the extract from Cinachyrella sp. were strongly inhibited by monosaccharides, such as D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-galatosamine, but not with glycoproteins. The activity of Stylissa flexibilis extract was inhibited by D-galactose, porcine stomach mucin, fetuin and their asialo derivatives, suggesting the presence of lectin specific for O-glycans of this species. The activities of four sponge extracts from A. cavernosa, S. flexibilis, Axinyssa sp. and Cinachyrella sp. were stable over a wide range of pH and temperature. Haemagglutination activities of A. cavernosa, Axinyssa sp. and Cinachyrella sp. extracts were independent of the presence of divalent cations, except for the haemagglutination activity of extract from S. flexibilis, which was dependent on the presence of divalent cations. The results suggest that Vietnam marine sponges may be good sources of useful lectins for biochemical and biomedical applications.
Foams based on industrial waste
Authors: Manakova Nadezhda
Published: November 2020

Substantial volumes of tailings and waste rocks placed in dumps create serious environmental and economic damage in mining areas and adjacent territories. The development of technologies for processing waste into heat-insulating building materials (foam glass) will make it possible to reduce the burden on the environment, as well as reduce the cost of finished building products.
The article substantiates the possibility of obtaining block foamed materials for the production of heat-insulating materials based on man-made waste using low-temperature technology. The author investigated the ways of improving the operational properties of foam silicates by introducing modifying additives (apatite-nepheline waste, fly ash). To obtain foam silicates based on silica-containing waste, a liquid glass composition was prepared, into which additives were introduced. After molding and drying, the samples were swollen.
Physical, chemical and thermal properties of foamed silicate materials made of silica-containing raw materials were determined taking into account the requirements of GOST for thermal insulation construction materials. To determine the thermal conductivity coefficient, an
ITP-MG 4 electronic thermal conductivity meter was used. Microscopic studies were carried out using a SEM LEO 420 scanning microscope.
The author of the article proposes the optimal compositions and conditions for obtaining foam materials that meet the regulatory requirements for materials and products for building insulation. Foamed materials with density up to 0.55 g/cm3, strength 5.5 MPa, water absorption 15–22 %, thermal conductivity 0.09–0.104 W•m/K were obtained.
Foam glass materials have a wide range of properties: non-flammable, environmentally friendly, have a long service life, and are not subject to mold deterioration. The obtained materials can be recommended for use as thermal insulation in the construction and reconstruction of industrial and civil buildings and structures.
Niğde İli (Türkiye) İhtiyofaunası
Authors: SEÇER Burak , SUNGUR Sevil , ÇİÇEK Erdogan , CEYLAN Mustafa Çağrı
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışma Mayıs 2016-Temmuz 2017 tarihleri arasında Niğde İli tatlı su balık faunasını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Niğde il sınırları içerisinde yapılan arazi çalışmaları sonucunda iki takımdan beş familyaya mensup olmak üzere 12 tür tespit edilmiştir; Capoeta pestai, Capoeta baliki, Capoeta damascina, Cyprinus carpio, Gobio gymnostethus, Pseudophoxinus battalgilae, Salmo labecula, Squalius cappadocicus, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oxynoemacheilus ciceki, Oxynoemacheilus cilicicus ve Oxynoemacheilus eregliensis. Bu türlerden dokuz tanesi bulundukları havzalara endemik türlerdir. C. baliki, C. pestai, O. ciceki ve O. cilicicus türleri ise il için yeni kayıt niteliği taşımaktadır.
Zooplankton Fauna of Demrek Dam Lake (Kırıkhan, Hatay)
Authors: BOZKURT Ahmet , KARA Bestami
Published: November 2020

The annual average of Secchi disk depth (100.42 ±38. 99 cm), water temperature (21.06±5.96 ºC), dissolved oxygen (8.33±0.99 mg/l), nitrate (0.43±0.19 mg/l), nitrite (0.02±0.01), hardness (172±17.27 mg/l), silica (1.17±0.28 mg/l), phosphate (0.14±0.03 mg/l), organic phosphate (1.09 ±0.56 mg/l) and chlorophyll-a (0.05±0.03 mg /l) were detected and according to these values, it was determined that the reservoir water has eutrophic and hyperneurophic character. Rotifera had the highest proportion with 45 taxa, followed by Cladocera with 11 species and Copepoda with 7 species. Asplanchna priodonta, Keratella cochlearis, Polyarthra dolichoptera, Sychaeta stylata Bosmina longirostris, Diaphanosoma birgei, and Disparalona rostrata were present throughout the whole study period. The most abundant species from Rotifera was Sychaeta stylata (26034±56482.24 ind./m3) followed by Polyarthra dolichoptera (15356±9593.48 ind./m3) and Keratella cochlearis (11850±15441.51 ind./m3). In the study, the most common species belonging to Cladocera was Ceriodaphnia pulchella (7042±6759.93 ind./m3) and the most abundant copepod species was Cyclops vicinus (2553±1596.48 ind./m3).
Study on the C-E Translation of Publicity Materials from the Perspective of Venuti’s Foreignization—A Case Study of “An Overview of the World Exposition Shanghai China 2010”
Authors: Huang Jixin
Published: November 2020

Since the implementation of China’s reform and opening-up policy, the rapid development of economy and the international exchanges require a growing need for the publicity materials and translation, C-E translation in particular, in which, faithful reproduction of China’s culture and image should be regarded as the priority. Many translators have been aware of the great importance of the cultural communication in translation of publicity materials, and various theories had been applied to study this issue both at home and abroad. In terms of preserving the source-language culture, Venuti advocates the dissimilarities between two languages. And that is why he puts forward foreignization. However, due to the dominating position of domesticating translation theory in China, Lawrence Venuti’s theory of foreignization failed to receive enough attention in the field from translators and translation researchers in China. This paper, by using the theory of Venuti’s foreignization to analyze the C-E translation of the publicity materials, especially a case study of An Overview of the World Exposition Shanghai China 2010, aims to demonstrate the application of Venuti’s foreignization to analyzing the translation of the publicity materials, and therefore provides a brand-new approach for English learners to analyze the C-E publicity materials.
An Empirical Study of the Effects of Reading-writing Connection on Non-English Majors’ Writing Performance
Authors: Wang Feifei
Published: November 2020

College English writing has been considered as one of the most difficult parts in the field of foreign language teaching. On how to improve the writing performance of college students, a great many of scholars both at home and abroad conducted plenty of studies and achieved fruitful results. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether reading-writing connection has positive influence on the Non-English majors’ writing performance. The study indicates that reading-writing connection indeed has positive influence on the Non-English majors’ writing performance, especially in the aspects of content, language use, organization and vocabulary.
Using Drama Approach and Oral Corrective Feedback in Enhancing Language Intelligibility and Oral Fluency among English Majors
Authors: Elborolosy Samah Ahmed Mohammed
Published: November 2020

The present paper investigated the effect of drama approach and oral corrective feedback on improving English majors intelligibility and oral fluency at Shaqra’ University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The tools of the present paper were an interview, pre-posttests, a rubric of the scoring scale and an observation checklist. The participants of the paper were thirty English majors. The paper compared the conventional method to the intervention based on two types of drama approach strategies and three types of oral corrective feedback. Data were statistically analyzed to test the hypotheses. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between the paper groups due to the conventional method in the pretest, whereas there were significant differences in the posttest in favor of the experimental group due to the intervention. Findings of the observation techniques indicated that thought tracking was preferred by the students to soundscape and clarification request mostly used by the teacher.
A Perturbation of the de Rham Complex
Authors: Malass Ihsane , Tarkhanov Nikolai
Published: November 2020

We consider a perturbation of the de Rham complex on a compact manifold with boundary. This perturbation goes beyond the framework of complexes, and so cohomology does not apply to it. On the other hand, its curvature is "small", hence there is a natural way to introduce an Euler characteristic and develop a Lefschetz theory for the perturbation. This work is intended as an attempt to develop a cohomology theory for arbitrary sequences of linear mappings
On Initial Boundary Value Problem for Parabolic Differential Operator with Non-coercive Boundary Conditions
Authors: Polkovnikov Alexander N.
Published: November 2020

We consider initial boundary value problem for uniformly 2-parabolic differential operator of second order in cylinder domain in Rn with non-coercive boundary conditions. In this case there is a loss of smoothness of the solution in Sobolev type spaces compared with the coercive situation. Using by Faedo-Galerkin method we prove that problem has unique solution in special Bochner space
On a Transmission Problem Related to Models of Electrocardiology
Authors: Shefer Yulia L.
Published: November 2020

We consider a generalization of a transmission problem for matrix elliptic operators related to mathematical models of cardiology. We find sufficient conditions when the approach developed for scalar elliptic operators is still valid in this much more general situation
Risk Assessment of Renewable Energy Generation Systems Projects
Authors: Tremyasov Vladimir A. , Zograf Yana E. , Krivenko Tatyana V.
Published: November 2020

The operation of renewable energy generation systems is associated with various risks. Risk analysis is part of a systematic approach to making technical decisions to prevent or reduce the risk of industrial accidents, damage to property and the environment. When evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects with renewable energy sources, risk assessment is carried out with uncertainty of information about the conditions of project implementation, including associated costs and economic losses. This article proposes a quantitative risk assessment method using cause – consequence diagrams, which are combined event trees and fault trees, on the example of the wind power installation NordWind (Germany)
Temperature Dynamics Assessment of Agricultural Objects Based on Unmanned Aircraft Data
Authors: Emelyanov Dmitry V. , Botvich Irina Y. , Malchikov Nikita O. , Shevyrnogov Anatoly P.
Published: November 2020

During the study, the spatial and temporal distribution of radiant temperature of agricultural fields has been made. The object of the study is agricultural fields (barley, oats, fallow field, perennial grasses (Onobrychis)), located on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture of the FRC KSC SB RAS near the village of Minino (Central Siberia, Krasnoyarsk region). The radiant temperature measurement of objects surface was taken by the ZENMUSE XT2 camera installed on the unmanned aircraft DJI Matrice 210 RTK V2. The spatial resolution of the obtained thermal maps is 12 – 14 cm. The state of the objects (the presence of vegetation cover) was assessed using the NDVI values obtained from the PlanetScope satellite data with a spatial resolution of 3 meters. It was established that the presence of plants and the size of their projective cover are decisive in the formation of soil cover temperature conditions. The growth and development of the vegetation cover, its height and closeness, change the temperature regime conditions. Instead of a soil, vegetation cover becomes an active surface. The thermal maps (spatial distribution of radiant temperature) of the agricultural land surface has been carried out, which makes it possible to assess the in-field temperature heterogeneity of the objects
Determination of the Structure of Biological Macromolecular Particles Using X-Ray Lasers. Achievements and Prospects
Authors: Petrova T.E. , Lunin V.Y.
Published: November 2020

X-ray diffraction analysis is the main experimental approach to determining the atomic structure of biological macromolecules and their complexes. The most serious limitation of its applicability, to date, is the need to prepare a sample of the object under study in the form of a single crystal, which is caused by the extremely low intensity of rays scattered by a single molecule. The commissioning of X-ray Free-Electron Lasers with their super-powerful (by many orders of magnitude exceeding the brightness of modern synchrotrons) and ultra-short (less than 100 fs) pulse is an experimental breakthrough that allows us to expect to obtain diffraction patterns from individual biological particles and then determine their structure. The first experimental results demonstrate the fundamental possibility of such an approach and are accompanied by the publication of a significant number of articles on various aspects of the development of the method. The purpose of this article is to discuss the current state of art in this area, evaluate the results achieved and discuss the prospects for further development of the method based on the analysis of publications in the world scientific literature of recent years and the experience of work carried out by the review authors and their colleagues.
Theoretical study of the application of the outlet diffuser of a gas turbine as a steam circuit superheater of a combined gas-steam plant
Authors: Chernikov V.A. , Kitanin E.L. , Semakina E.Yu. , Kitanina E.E.
Published: November 2020

Currently, thermal insulation of GTU output diffusers uses insulation of their inner surface. This is an expensive and complicated technological procedure. For gas turbines as part of CCGT, in order to reduce the cost of insulation and at the same time increase the useful power of the turbine, cooling the diffuser outer surface with a steam stream of a steam circuit can be an alternative way of internal insulation. Steam and gas parameters of a combined cycle plant with a CCGT-450T, as well as the results of experimental and computational studies of the GTU SGT5-3000E gas turbine exhaust channel model were used. The calculations of the efficiency of the surface cooling of the diffuser with the steam coming from the steam circuit were carried out using the analytical method. A scheme of a superheater located on the outer surface of the GTU outlet diffuser operating in a combined cycle is proposed. Analytic evaluation of its effectiveness showed that the surface area of the GTU diffuser of the type SGT5-3000E is sufficient to provide the necessary overheating of low-pressure steam. Installation of such a heat exchanger using the outer surface of the diffuser provides a decrease of the temperature of its outer wall from 537 to 200 оC. The study validity is confirmed by a patent for an invention. It has been established that the use of the outer surface of the GTU outlet diffuser instead of the heat exchange surface of the low pressure superheater of the utilizer boiler can be applied at CCGT unit to reduce heat and hydraulic losses in the diffuser path and in the utilizer boiler path.
Method of context-dependent assistance for software user solving an applied task
Authors: Panteleev E.R. , Mukuchan A.A. , Kuznetzov M.A. , Alykova A.L.
Published: November 2020

When using software to solve the applied tasks, the problem to implement the action in need by means of user interface arises. Partly, this problem is solved by studying reference manuals and consultations with the application developers. However, reference manuals are structured in the context of overall application functionality while difficulties arise in the data state context of the task being solved. Consultations lack this flaw, but they are costly and not always available in time. This fact stimulated the development of computer-based methods of contextual help. Yet the task of development of recommendations for performing the requested operation from the current state of the application data has not been solved so far. The research is aimed to reduce the time to get help by developing a knowledge representation model that determines user actions across the application data context, and a method for deriving model based recommendations. The model of the user action scenario is presented in the form of a colored Petri net. This decision content is based on the analogy between user action scenarios and workflow scenarios, for which Petri nets notation has been successfully used for years. For the topological analysis of the Petri net, the strategy of exhaustive depth-first search was applied. The method of the contextual recommendations is proposed to execute the operation requested by the user based on a scenario model in the form of a colored Petri net. The method novelty is application of topological analysis of the Petri net to construct a set of alternative scenarios for performing the operation, followed by filtering alternatives in the process of stepwise execution of the recommended actions. The suggested method provides context-dependent assistance in just one click. When using traditional reference manuals and files for the purpose, the number of clicks is determined by the number of options available to perform the operation.
NEWEST GEODYNAMICS RECONSTRUCTION OF THE MIDDLE DNIEPER REGION AND ITS MANIFESTATIONS IN THE RELIEF
Authors: Shevchuk V. , Tustanovska L. , Kravchenko D. , Hadiatska K.
Published: November 2020

Based on a comprehensive structural-morphometric analysis, Earth remote sensing data and GIS analysis, the evolution of the paleorelief of the right bank of the Middle Dnieper in the recent period is reconstructed. Based on the stepwise morphostructural-neotectonic analysis, morphodynamic and evolutionary trends in the landscape relief of this region are traced. Three morphostructures (Kyiv, Obukhiv, Kanevskaya-Trakhtemirovsky blocks) were identified and characterized. Quantitative indicators of the relief were determined during each stage, and the total oscillation amplitudes were analyzed both over short time intervals and for the entire Neogene-Quaternary period. On the whole, the amplitude of fluctuations in the elevations of the relief of the Middle Dnieper in the Neogene-Quaternary period in the northern part was 100 m, in the southern – 135 m. The differentiated nature of neotectonic movements and the change in their activity over time were reconstructed. It was confirmed that the northern regions of the region had an active upward dynamics of movements in the Neogene era, and the southern ones in the Quaternary.The modern stage marks the opposite phenomenon – the north-eastern regions rise again and the south-western ones fall.The obtained data can serve as a basis for analyzing the influence of tectonic movements on the activation of dangerous geological processes within the Middle Dnieper and forecasting their development in the future.
A Fictitious States: past and present
Authors: Novoseltsev Alexey Yu. , Stepanyugin Konstantin V.
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the concept of a fictitious state, which can be defined as an international legal fiction that is created or consciously supported by real actors in international relations to legitimize illegal actions, such as annexation, evasion of obligations, seizing the assets of other states, creating a buffer zone, etc.

The main feature of a fictitious state is the absence of real sovereignty in the presence of only external attributes of the state. The authors believe that fictitious states are a facet of neocolonialism. Although the number of states in the world has increased from 70 to 197 since 1945, this figure has no relation to the self-determination of peoples.

The authors conclude that at present there are no legal requirements for the legal capacity of subjects of international law. Condemnation or recognition of fictitious states, as before, is determined solely by the interests of foreign policy. The authors propose to continue work on strengthening the sovereignty of the Russian Federation at the level of national legislation.
A few words about the Constitution: philosophers are denied
Authors: Popov Evgeniy A. , Sterlyadeva Natalya A.
Published: November 2020

The article reveals the possibilities of cooperation between philosophers and lawyers in various interpretations of the Constitution as the basic law of the state and constitutionalism as aphilosophical and legal doctrine. The authors address the complex issues of interpretation of legal concepts, as well as the experience of philosophical reflection in the consideration of legal phenomena and processes. For this purpose, in particular, dissertations devoted to global constitutionalism and the Constitution of Russia as afactor of preservation of traditional values and norms of the Russian society are analyzed. The authors of the article emphasize that both theses were not supported by the Higher Attestation Commission, but they can be regarded as anew scientific direction in the interdisciplinary interaction of philosophy and law. The authors explore the Constitution and constitutionalism in aphilosophical way: not as normative legal acts, but as sociocultural phenomena, the development of which is associated withthe traditions and customs of culture, ideology, and philosophy of the state and statehood. The problem of narrow places of understanding of constitutional meanings is indicated in the material. This problem can be solved only in cooperation of various fields of knowledge, philosophical and legal first and foremost. Such interaction has some advantages: 1) it allows one to identify the dominant value in the regulation of social relations; 2) it minimizes the effects of errors in the interpretation of specific rules of law and improving the law enforcement practice;3) it provides an empirical experience understanding of the law; 4) it reveals the features of legal life and society through the prism of axiologicalnormative system of culture, etc. Thus, the article focuses on the significant theoretical and methodological role of philosophical knowledge in the reinterpretation of constitutional meanings.
Fair trial in criminal matters: un standards and factors of transformation of its Russian model
Authors: Timoshenko Andrey A.
Published: November 2020

Based on an analysis of international standards in the field of justice discussed at the 13 UN Congresses on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice since 1950, the article examines the characteristics of the ideal model of a fair criminal process from the point of view of the world community. In the context of a fairly broad understanding of the sign of justice, both at the level of national law enforcement bodies and in the context of the application of international acts by various intergovernmental organizations, it is quite important to isolate the key signs of justice.

The author studied not only the International Conventions and Declarations discussed at the Congresses, but also their working documents, which made it possible to more accurately determine the desired vector of development of national legislation in its movement toward building a more just criminal process.

The conclusions drawn in the work based on the results of the study can be used in lawmaking, as well as be the subject of scientific discussion of the acceptability of the recommendations of the international community for the purposes of effective lawmaking and law enforcement.

The author also proposes to take into account the identified factors affecting the fairness of legal proceedings when building scenario analysis models regarding the future transformation of the judicial system in connection with its global digitalization.
Digitalization in the understanding of philosophy, law, political science, and economics: an interdisciplinary approach
Authors: Timchenko Anastasia V. , Timoshenko Andrei
Published: November 2020

This article discusses the influence of digitalization on diverse social activity spheres. The authors analyze the essential notions of digitalization with regard to philosophy, law, political science, and economics. The digital sphere becomes virtual space without understanding and recognizing territorial and hence, nation-state, jurisdiction. Global digitalization for all social spheres becomes a reality.

Nowadays, the digital economy is globalizing, the public administration is digitalizing, electronic technologies in finance are developing, and smart cities are being created. Law lags significantly behind new digitalization challenges and does not always react swiftly with regard to social interaction dynamics. Philosophy conceptualizes human existence in digital society in the new digital era.
Determinants of environmental crime
Authors: Timoshenko Yulia A.
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the main determinants of environmental crime. The causal complex that gives rise to environmental crime is multifaceted and consists of a combination of objective and subjective factors. The main causes remain the contradiction between society and the environment, deformation of the societys environmental consciousness of the population, underestimation of nature and the degree of danger or harm caused as a result of their commission. In general, the type of crime is determined by several groups of factors considered in the article: social, economic, legal, organizational. and political.
The President in the state machinery of the Russian Federation (constitutional and legal analysis)
Authors: Kerimov Alexander
Published: November 2020

Based on an analysis of the updated version of our State Constitution, the author comes to the unequivocal conclusion that the powers of the President of Russia have now significantly increased as his prerogatives have expanded.
Electronic Information Seeking behavior of Education Postgraduates: A Case Study at University of Peradeniya Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunasekera Chamani , Balasubramani R.
Published: November 2020

The present study explored electronic information seeking behavior of postgraduate students in Education in relation to their scholarly activities. The present study was conducted to examine whether the postgraduates students utilize electronic resources and services provided by the library and the extent to which the library was used. A questionnaire was administered to all the postgraduate students in the Department of Education, Faculty of Arts, and University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka in September 2017 and the data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. The results revealed that most of the respondents used electronic resources available in the library, and websites and online catalogs are the most preferred electronic resources. This study showed that most of the respondents used e-resources for their research works and writing assignments and the average time spent for using e-resources was one to two hours per week. It is evident that most of the respondents preferred to access e-resources from the University library and the cybercafés and most of them were aware of e-resources available in the library. The study further identified some constraints users face when using electronic resources.