bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How air pollution alters brain development: the role of neuroinflammation
Authors: Brockmeyer Sam , D’Angiulli Amedeo
Published: April 2016

The present review synthesizes lines of emerging evidence showing how several samples of children populations living in large cities around the world suffer to some degree neural, behavioral and cognitive changes associated with air pollution exposure. The breakdown of natural barriers warding against the entry of toxic particles, including the nasal, gut and lung epithelial barriers, as well as widespread breakdown of the blood-brain barrier facilitatethe passage of airborne pollutants into the body of young urban residents. Extensive neuroinflammation contributes to cell loss within the central nervous system, and likely is a crucial mechanism by which cognitive deficits may arise. Although subtle, neurocognitive effects of air pollution are substantial, apparent across all populations, and potentially clinically relevant as early evidence of evolving neurodegenerative changes. The diffuse nature of the neuroinflammation risk suggests an integrated neuroscientific approach incorporating current clinical, cognitive, neurophysiological, radiological and epidemiologic research. Neuropediatric air pollution research requires extensive multidisciplinary collaborations to accomplish the goal of protecting exposed children through multidimensional interventions having both broad impact and reach. While intervening by improving environmental quality at a global scale is imperative, we also need to devise efficient strategies on how the neurocognitive effects on local pediatric populations should be monitored.
Three New Unusual Beetle-Associated Species of the Genus Gaeolaelaps (Acari, Mesostigmata, Laelapidae) from Ukraine
Authors: Trach V. A.
Published: April 2016

Three new species of mesostigmatic mites from Ukraine are described:Gaeolaelaps heteroceriTrach, sp. n. associated withHeterocerussp. (Coleoptera, Heteroceridae) from Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson Regions;G. khaustoviTrach, sp. n., associated withBembidionsp. (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Crimea;G.sevastianoviTrach, sp. n. associated withHeterocerussp. (Coleoptera, Heteroceridae) from Lugansk Region. These three species are characterised by a number of unique characters: very short peritremes and peritrematal shields, elongated dorsal shield, abnormal for Laelapidae leg chaetotaxy. A key to the species ofGaeolaelapswith extra short peritremes is presented.
Individual Growth Rates of Nikolsky’s Viper, Vipera berus nikolskii (Squamata, Viperidae)
Authors: Bondarenko Z. S. , Zinenko O. I.
Published: April 2016

Capture-mark-recapture data was used to infer growth rates of the Nikolsky’s viper, Vipera berus nikolskii (Vedmederja, Grubant et Rudaeva, 1986), in the Eastern Ukraine. We have found that growth rate is negatively correlated with age. The difference in growth rates before maturation is not significant between different sexes. Growth rates decrease rapidly after maturation in males and females, however adult males retain significantly higher average growth rates. There is large dispersion of growth rates in the group of adult females, which is caused, probably, by alteration of complete arrest of growth in the years with reproduction and more intensive growth in the years without it. Asymptotic snout-ventral length estimated after Von Bertalanffy model was 680 mm in females and 630 mm in males. Females mature after fifth and males mature after fourth hibernation. The larger females in vipers can not be the result of higher growth rates in females, but are the outcome of a combination of other factors including different maturation time and size (older and being larger), and, perhaps, longer life span due to lower mortality. Growth rates of the Nikolsky’s viper in the nature are higher than in other species in the group of small Eurasian vipers.
The Intersection of the Human and the Divine in Genesis 32–33
Authors: Anderson Bradford A.
Published: April 2016

A motif that runs throughout the reunion scene of Genesis 32–33 is the intersection of the human and the divine. The present article highlights this literary theme, exploring structural, linguistic, and narrative resonances that, both implicitly and explicitly, direct the reader’s attention to this motif and its significance in these chapters.
Ave, llena de gracia, el Señor es contigo" (Lc 1,28) En la interpretación de los Padres de la Iglesia
Authors: Kochaniewics Boguslaw
Published: April 2016

<span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Las palabras del saludo angélico, que leemos en el Evangelio de Lucas, han sido objeto de la reflexión de los cristianos desde los inicios de la Iglesia y, consiguientemente, han influido en la espiritualidad de toda la historia sucesiva del cristianismo. La expresión lucana aparece, en la forma de grafito, ya en el siglo III en la basílica primitiva de Nazaret (Briand, 1987 p 26); también en el más antiguo de los frescos, que se encuentra en las catatumbas de santa Priscila en Roma (Quacquarelli & Bisconti, 1899 pp 255-256), que se remonta al siglo III, mientras el mismo tema recorre luego los mosaicos de la basílica de Santa María Mayor en Roma, que se remonta al siglo V. Estas palabras han inspirado a los artistas de una multitud de pinturas y de infinitas obras musicales, expresadas en el arco de dos mil años.
La liturgia cristiana como dinamizadora del tiempo
Authors: Mejía Correa Iván Fernando
Published: April 2016

En las sociedades occidentales, se está observando un fenómeno cada vez más acentuado que consiste en la pérdida de la memoria del pasado y el olvido del futuro, por estar anclado en un eterno presente que los especialistas llaman “presentismo”. Esta tendencia lleva a desarmonizar la vida de los hombres, perdiendo la perspectiva que puede brindar un pasado que a su vez posibilita un presente y éste que se abre a un futuro. La alternativa para armonizar el tiempo es la liturgia que celebra el Misterio Cristiano.
La devoción mariana en la Orden de Predicadores. Una narrativa hermenéutico-teológica
Authors: Díaz Camacho Pedro José
Published: April 2016

En este escrito se indagan, analizan y exponen algunas narrativas y cuestiones sobre la devoción mariana en la Orden de Predicadores, desde el punto de vista de las tradiciones históricas, la reflexión teológica y las prácticas devocionales cultivadas y promovidas en el ámbito de la familia dominicana a través de la historia, pero no se aborda la cuestión más amplia y compleja de los desarrollos doctrinales de la mariología y sus vicisitudes históricas en la Orden de Predicadores.

Palabras clave: religiosidad popular, devoción mariana, prácticas devocionales, tradiciones dominicanas.
Epistasis and the Structure of Fitness Landscapes: Are Experimental Fitness Landscapes Compatible with Fisher’s Geometric Model?
Authors: Blanquart François , Bataillon Thomas
Published: April 2016

The fitness landscape defines the relationship between genotypes and fitness in a given environment and underlies fundamental quantities such as the distribution of selection coefficient and the magnitude and type of epistasis. A better understanding of variation in landscape structure across species and environments is thus necessary to understand and predict how populations will adapt. An increasing number of experiments investigate the properties of fitness landscapes by identifying mutations, constructing genotypes with combinations of these mutations, and measuring the fitness of these genotypes. Yet these empirical landscapes represent a very small sample of the vast space of all possible genotypes, and this sample is often biased by the protocol used to identify mutations. Here we develop a rigorous statistical framework based on Approximate Bayesian Computation to address these concerns and use this flexible framework to fit a broad class of phenotypic fitness models (including Fisher’s model) to 26 empirical landscapes representing nine diverse biological systems. Despite uncertainty owing to the small size of most published empirical landscapes, the inferred landscapes have similar structure in similar biological systems. Surprisingly, goodness-of-fit tests reveal that this class of phenotypic models, which has been successful so far in interpreting experimental data, is a plausible in only three of nine biological systems. More precisely, although Fisher’s model was able to explain several statistical properties of the landscapes—including the mean and SD of selection and epistasis coefficients—it was often unable to explain the full structure of fitness landscapes.
Likelihood-Free Inference in High-Dimensional Models
Authors: Kousathanas Athanasios , Leuenberger Christoph , Helfer Jonas , Quinodoz Mathieu , Foll Matthieu , Wegmann Daniel
Published: April 2016

Methods that bypass analytical evaluations of the likelihood function have become an indispensable tool for statistical inference in many fields of science. These so-called likelihood-free methods rely on accepting and rejecting simulations based on summary statistics, which limits them to low-dimensional models for which the value of the likelihood is large enough to result in manageable acceptance rates. To get around these issues, we introduce a novel, likelihood-free Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method combining two key innovations: updating only one parameter per iteration and accepting or rejecting this update based on subsets of statistics approximately sufficient for this parameter. This increases acceptance rates dramatically, rendering this approach suitable even for models of very high dimensionality. We further derive that for linear models, a one-dimensional combination of statistics per parameter is sufficient and can be found empirically with simulations. Finally, we demonstrate that our method readily scales to models of very high dimensionality, using toy models as well as by jointly inferring the effective population size, the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of segregating mutations, and selection coefficients for each locus from data of a recent experiment on the evolution of drug resistance in influenza.
Vizualinės prievartos ir „taikomojo aristotelizmo“ kritika M. Haneke’s filme „Smagūs žaidimėliai“
Authors: Milerius Nerijus
Published: April 2016

Straipsnyje analizuojama vizualinės prievartos tema kine ir konkretus vizualinės prievartos atvejis Michaelio Haneke’s „Smagiuose žaidimėliuose“. Serijiniai šiuolaikinės vizualinės kultūros produktai konstruojami pagal „taikomojo aristotelizmo“ taisykles. Aristotelio „Poetikos“ pertvarkymas savo reikmėms ypač akivaizdus serijiniuose vizualinės prievartos kūriniuose. Aristotelio teorija traktuojama ne tik kaip prievartos vaizdavimą legitimuojantis veiksnys, bet ir kaip taisyklių sąvadas, leidžiantis bet kokiame pramoginiame prievartos kūrinyje pasiekti „institucionalizuotą katarsį“.Glaudūs šiuolaikinių vizualinės prievartos kino kūrinių ir „taikomojo aristotelizmo“ ryšiai leidžia suprasti, kodėl pramoginės vizualinės kultūros kritika neretai sutampa su siekiu dekonstruoti klasikinės naracijos dėsnius. Būtent tokios strategijos „Smagiuose žaidimėliuose“ laikosi austrų režisierius Haneke, du kartus, 1997 m. ir 2007 m., identiškai atkartojęs tą patį naratyvą. Haneke iš esmės paneigia du esminius Aristotelio poetikos principus. Pirma, suardo vizualinio malonumo patyrimą, sykiu užkirsdamas kelią žiūrovui patirti katarsį. Antra, to paties smurtinio epizodo persukimo atgal veiksmu pagrindiniu filmo personažu paverčia patį žiūrovą. Šios modifikacijos paverčia „Smagius žaidimėlius“ polemikos su šiandienos pramoginiais smurtiniais filmais kritine platforma.
Urgensi Pemilu Presiden dan Wakil Presiden Secara Langsung di Era Reformasi
Authors: Tamrin Abu
Published: April 2016

Abstract: the Importance of Direct Presidential and Vice Presidential Election in Reformation Era. Direct president and vice president election has begun in 2004 based on Act Number 23 Year 2003and renewed by Act Number 42 Year 2008. The importance of this provision is that elected president and vice president reflect the choice of majority of people. Beside of preventing problems in Parliament, this provision is also aimed to keep the sustainability of President both as head of government and head of State So,  it would not be easy for him to be removed or impeached. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i2.2990
Mekanisme Penggantian Antar Waktu (Paw) Anggota Dpr dan Implikasinya Dalam Konsep Perwakilan Rakyat
Authors: Farida Rida
Published: April 2016

Mechanism alteration of a ruling Member of Parliament (MP) and Its Implication to People Representation Concept. Alteration of a ruling Member of Parliament functioned as mechanism of control to political party that has representative in Parliament.  This regulation is obviously regulated in accordance with Act No 27 Year 2009 relating to People Representative Assembly, House of Representative and House of Regional Representative and Local House of Representative.  Nowadays, alteration of ruling MP becomes an effective mean to get rid of the MP whose ideas and visions are different with the political party where they belong. On the other hand, the existence of Member of Parliament is because of the election. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i2.2991
ОПЫТ КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ ОСТРОВНЫХ СИСТЕМ НА ОСНОВЕ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ ГНЕЗДОВЫХ БИОТОПОВ
Authors: Matsyura А. V. , Matsyura М. V.
Published: April 2016

The key islands for the breeding birds within Southern Ukraine were considered. Principal abiotic features that determined the presence and distribution of the breeding waterbirds were discovered. The cluster analysis followed by the classification of the island was performed.

Key words: islands, waterbirds, abiotic characteristics, cluster analysis.
Tax burden for the companies in Georgia
Authors: Kbiladze Tamar
Published: April 2016

Optimally determined tax burden is very important issue for sustainable development of business and economics. The national authorities arise the question does tax burden should be equal for different size and type companies? The goal of the research was to propose methodology and evaluate existing tax burden in Georgia. Empirical investigation of heaviness and lightness of tax burden for the companies according to its types (large, medium, and small) and economic activities of enterprises has been performed. By offering new methodology for construction and calculation of optimal tax burden, the idea about depiction of economic, social and ecological conditions in one generalized indicator was elaborated. By investigating of empirical data of enterprises’ tax burden and by inquiries of entrepreneurs there were defined the conclusions that tax burden in Georgia is unequal by types of enterprises and by their activities, whereas according to tax code enterprises irrespective of their size and type of activities are paying the same interest rate taxes. Thus the obtained results could be useful for executive and legislative authorities of Georgia for transition from proportional taxation system to progressive taxation system, as well as for scientists and students of corresponding field.
SiO2@TiO2/Acrylic Transparent UV Protective Layer for Cool Color Roofing Application
Authors: Chen Changfeng , Wang Yuliang , Pan Guiquan , Wang Qingwu (King)
Published: April 2016

Transparent UV protective coatings were developed by incorporating nano-TiO2 into waterborne acrylic systems to provide long-term UV protection for UV sensitive cool color roofing. Water based high crystalline TiO2 nanoparticle suspension was prepared via a gel-sol method at a basic pH. The TiO2 nanoparticles have an average size of 20 nm and are stable against agglomeration. As prepared TiO2 nanosuspension is ready to be well dispersed in commercial waterborne acrylic resin system without extra surface modification. The fabricated TiO2/acrylic nanocomposite coating achieved an UV cut-off below 350 nm with a visible transmission greater than 85% at 700 nm. It is also demonstrated that surface modification of Nano-TiO2 with a SiO2 insulation layer would suppress the catalytic activity of Nano-TiO2 and improve the UV protection for UV and photocatalysis sensitive dyes.
Effect of the Size of Bi2Te3 nanoplates on the Performance of TiO2-based Novel Hybrid DSSC Combined PV and TE Effect
Authors: Hu Li , Fang Liang , Wu Fang , Wang JinMei
Published: April 2016

In order to make use of the waste heat caused by the unabsorbed light based on photovoltaic(PV) effect, a novel hybrid dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) with the synergies of PV and thermoelectric(TE) effect has been proposed in present work. The main idea is to prepare a composite hybrid DSSC photoanode which can simultaneously achieve PV and TE conversion by incorporating the excellent TE Bi-Te alloys into TiO2 nanomaterial. In this paper, Bi2Te3 nanoplates with different size were doped in the TiO2 nanoparticle photoanode and the effect of the Bi2Te3 size on the properties of DSSCs was analyzed. It is found that with the decrease of the size of the Bi2Te3 nanoplates, the TE performance became better and the dye absorption and the conversion efficiency of DSSCs were improved. Preliminary results show that the efficiency of DSSC with Bi2Te3 increased atleast 15.3% compared to the undoped. By further optimizing the parameters, the performance of DSSC is estimated to have a much more enhancement. Therefore, the way of combination PV and TE provides an alternative way to improve the performance of DSSC.
Unconventional Nanoparticle Technology of Superconductor Ceramic Articles
Authors: Rokhvarger Anatoly E. , Chigirinsky Lubov A.
Published: April 2016

Applied wet colloidal nano-processing and thermal, physical, and chemical treatments of superconductor ceramic particles result in sintered 3D-textured crystal conglomerates to produce functionally effective macro-products, such as advanced electrical and electronic articles including superconductive adhesion coated continuous and flexible round wire. AFM images show texture evolution and confirm effectiveness of the developed combination of original ceramic-silicone material formulation and invented crystal organization methods.
Wetting on Grafted Polymer Films
Authors: Leibler Ludwik , Mourran Ahmed
Published: April 2016

Studying the properties of endanchored polymer layers has been a fashionable occupation for numerous physicists, chemists, and material scientists for more than 10 years. Theoreticians have realized that grafted macromolecules are nice statistical objects wriggling around under thermal motion, which give rise to nontrivial long-range entropic effects. These can be described by elegant scaling laws and analogies with quantum or classical mechanics. For experimenters the area turned out to be a marvelous playground in which both very simple and sophisticated techniques such as x-ray or neutron scattering and reflectivity, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Rutherford backscattering, and optical and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been used to discover interesting and subtle phenomena. All this effort was also motivated by the importance of grafted layers in applications such as paints, adhesives, lubricants, colloidal stabilizers, and composite materials. By anchoring a thin, soft polymer layer to a solid surface, one can tune the surface properties. In this short article, we will discuss how the wetting and spreading of liquids and polymer melts can be profoundly altered by the presence of such protective layers.
A Review of Dry Etching of GaN and Related Materials
Authors: Pearton S.J. , Shul R. J. , Ren Fan
Published: April 2016

The characteristics of dry etching of the AlGaInN materials system in different reactor types and plasma chemistries are reviewed, along with the depth and thermal stability of etch-induced damage. The application to device processing for both electronics and photonics is also discussed.
O TRABALHADOR COM DEFICIÊNCIA NA ORGANIZAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O TREINAMENTO E DESENVOLVIMENTO E A ADEQUAÇÃO DAS CONDIÇÕES DE TRABALHO
Authors: Maia Andréia Maria de Carvalho , Carvalho-Freitas Maria Nivalda de
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Mesmo apoiados por leis que medeiam a inclusão da diversidade, ainda é difícil o acesso de pessoas com deficiência ao mercado de trabalho, o que muitas vezes é justificado pela baixa qualificação profissional delas ou dificultado pelas práticas adotadas pelas empresas. A pesquisa investigou as pessoas com deficiência, os profissionais de recursos humanos e os profissionais de segurança no trabalho de duas empresas para avaliar como é realizada a inserção das pessoas com deficiência dentro das organizações mediante o treinamento e desenvolvimento e sua adaptação ao ambiente de trabalho, considerando que já se passaram 23 anos da aprovação da Lei de Cotas no Brasil. Os resultados demonstram que a Lei de Cotas e o tipo de deficiência ainda influenciam no processo de contratação. Os programas de treinamento e desenvolvimento adotados não utilizam estratégias metodológicas ou tecnologias assistivas para garantir igualdade de oportunidades para as pessoas com deficiência. São realizados preferencialmente treinamentos on-the-job. Nem todos os respondentes reconhecem a qualificação profissional como fundamental no momento da contratação, principalmente porque a contratação de pessoas com deficiência é eminentemente para funções operacionais. Por outro lado, grande parte das pessoas com deficiência se sente satisfeita e valorizada no seu trabalho. As adaptações no ambiente e o uso de tecnologias assistivas foram reconhecidos como importantes para o desempenho desse grupo.
Variáveis ambientais e níveis de monóxido de carbono exalado e carboxihemoglobina em idosos praticantes de exercício
Authors: Salicio Marcos Adriano , Mana Viviane Aparecida Martins , Fett Waléria Christiane Rezende , Gomes Luciano Teixeira , Botelho Clovis
Published: April 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o monóxido de carbono exalado, a carboxihemoglobina e as variáveis cardiopulmonares em idosos praticantes de exercícios em ambientes externos e correlacionar com clima e poluição. Estudo ecológico temporal com 118 idosos ativos em Cuiabá. Foram obtidas informações sobre uso de medicamentos, tabagismo, antropometria, espirometria, peak-flow, saturação de oxigênio, frequência cardíaca, monóxido de carbono exalado, carboxihemoglobina, além de dados climáticos, queimadas e poluição. Temperatura ambiental, umidade relativa do ar e queimadas correlacionaram com monóxido de carbono exalado e carboxihemoglobina (p < 0,05). Frequência cardíaca correlacionou com alterações de temperatura ambiental, tempo de exposição solar e umidade relativa (p < 0,05). Idosos sofrem influências ambientais alterando níveis de monóxido de carbono, carboxihemoglobina e frequência cardíaca, sendo necessário monitoramento destes durante os exercícios, sugerindo-se o uso do monoxímetro para avaliação de exposição a poluentes.
Homicídios no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: uma análise da violência letal
Authors: Cardoso Francisca Letícia Miranda Gadelha , Cecchetto Fátima Regina , Corrêa Juliana Silva , Souza Tiago Oliveira de
Published: April 2016

Resumo Analisou-se a evolução de taxas das categorias homicídio doloso, latrocínio, lesão corporal seguida de morte, homicídio por auto de resistência, policial morto, pessoa desaparecida e encontro de cadáver, no Estado e na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e na Área Integrada de Segurança Pública 16 (AISP 16). Para tanto, foi realizado estudo ecológico, no período de 2002 a 2013, utilizando os dados do Instituto de Segurança Pública. Para análise da evolução temporal e tendência das taxas de homicídio doloso, de autos de resistência e de pessoas desaparecidas foi realizada regressão Joinpoint, considerando como variável dependente as referidas taxas e como variável independente o ano calendário. Para as demais categorias analisou-se apenas a evolução temporal das taxas a partir do cálculo da variação relativa destas no início e no final do período. Houve queda de taxas em todas as categorias, com exceção de pessoas desaparecidas. A taxa de homicídio doloso apresentou tendência significativa de decréscimo nas três localidades. Os resultados contribuíram para descrever o padrão da violência nas três localidades a partir do diálogo entre as ciências sociais, saúde e segurança pública, o que permitiu contemplar aspectos subjetivos e objetivos ligados aos achados do estudo.
Estilo de vida em pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 1: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Sales-Peres Silvia Helena de Carvalho , Guedes Maria de Fatima Santos , Sá Letícia Marques , Negrato Carlos Antonio , Lauris José Roberto Pereira
Published: April 2016

Resumo O objetivo desta revisão foi verificar dados concernentes sobre a relação existente entre estilo de vida e controle glicêmico em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). Os métodos aplicados incluíram estratégia de busca na literatura, seleção dos estudos por meio dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão de acordo com as características dos estudos. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline, PubMed, Cochrame, SciELO e IBECS entre 2005 e 2014. Os artigos selecionados foram estudos em humanos, investigando estilo de vida, atividades físicas e níveis glicêmicos. Dos 1798 estudos identificados inicialmente, 11 atendiam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Dentre os estudos analisados foram relacionados 1 de coorte, 1 longitudinal prospectivo, 1 caso controle e 8 transversais que abordavam o tema proposto. A atividade física regular foi a variável que apresentou maior relação com a melhora nos níveis glicêmicos. Vida ativa saudável, dieta balanceada, atividades físicas e educação em diabetes melhoraram o controle glicêmico do paciente DM1. Os resultados permitem concluir que o estilo de vida pautado em atividades físicas interfere diretamente na saúde do paciente com DM1, inclusive contribuindo para o controle glicêmico.
Escala de Positividade (EP): Novas Evidências de Validade no Contexto Brasileiro
Authors: Borsa Juliane Callegaro , Damásio Bruno Figueiredo , Koller Silvia Helena
Published: April 2016

Resumo O presente estudo investiga novas evidências de validade para a Escala de Positividade (EP) para o contexto brasileiro. Participaram deste estudo 876 indivíduos (66,0% mulheres), com idades variando entre 18 e 83 anos. Uma Análise Fatorial Confirmatória Multigrupo foi conduzida para avaliar a invariância da EP para sexo. Os resultados indicaram invariância configural, métrica e escalar, demostrando que a EP pode ser utilizada indistintamente para homens e mulheres. Duas análises de regressão linear múltipla foram realizadas para avaliar a relação da EP com variáveis constituintes do construto positividade (modelo 1), e com variáveis convergentes (modelo 2). Os resultados do modelo 1 demonstraram que, de fato, a positividade pode ser considerada um compósito das variáveis autoestima, esperança, otimismo e satisfação com a vida. Os resultados do segundo modelo atestaram a validade convergente da escala com outras medidas correlatas. Este estudo amplia as evidências de validade da EP no contexto brasileiro.
Parents Dealing with the Expression of Sadness by their Children
Authors: Duarte Tamara Elen , Brito Bruna Franco Leite , Reis Aline Henriques
Published: April 2016

Abstract Objectives: Identifying sadness inductors on children according to parents' perception; checking strategies of emotion regulation used by parents before children's sadness; comparing the ways mothers and fathers deal with children's sadness. Participants: 26 heterosexual couples (Average age = 37 years old), at least two children from six up to twelve years old, one boy and one girl. Delineation: collective case study. Instruments: General data questionnaire; Econômica Brasil qualification criteria; The questions were: "What usually upsets your child?"; "Tell me a situation which made your son sad."; "What did you do in this situation?"; stimulus-story. Outcome: fathers tend to punish sons and daughters when they are sad and replace something lost; mothers minimize it, i. e., reduce the importance of child's reaction, or the problem that caused it. Reaction centered in the problem was the most used by father and mother before children's sadness.
Hidden impacts of the Samarco mining waste dam collapse to Brazilian marine fauna - an example from the staurozoans (Cnidaria)
Authors: Miranda Lucília Souza , Marques Antonio Carlos
Published: April 2016

The collapse of the Fundão tailings dam at Mariana (State of Minas Gerais, Brazil) started a huge human tragedy and likely the most serious environmental disaster in recent Brazilian history. The dam had contained waste from processing iron ore from mines owned by Samarco, a joint venture company of the Brazilian Vale S.A. and the Anglo-Australian BHP Billiton Ltd. Following ineffective attempts to contain the disaster, after 16 days the mud flood reached the sea, where its impact is expected to affect thousands of marine fauna and flora species. Here, we provide an example of one of these species, the cnidarian Kishinouyea corbini Larson 1980 (Staurozoa), emblematic because it is extremely rare, poorly studied, and its known distribution overlaps the threatened area on the Brazilian coast. Based on this case, we discuss the need for efforts to monitor and minimize the possible impacts of this socio-environmental crime, as well as to identify and punish all responsible players in this tragedy, including negligent licensing and supervisory state agencies, in order to prevent future similar tragedies.
Osteologia do neurocrânio de Iguana iguana iguana (Squamata: Iguanidae)
Authors: Lima Fabiano C. , Pereira Kleber F. , Abe Augusto S. , Sebben Antonio
Published: April 2016

Resumo: O crânio representa o segmento com conspícuas adaptações que, nos lagartos, podem ser conservativas ou impulsionadas por pressões seletivas. Objetivando subsidiar o conhecimento morfológico dos répteis, fornecemos uma descrição detalhada dos ossos que formam o neurocrânio de Iguana iguana iguana com base na análise de três esqueletos secos de espécimes adultos. O crânio da referia espécie possui características basais entre os lagartos sem o fechamento das aberturas cranianas e formato geral triangular. As estruturas ósseas que formam a base craniana apresentam muitas fusões, principalmente no assoalho. Na face caudal o exoccipital e o opistótico estão fundidos e formam o otoccipital, que contribui para a formação dos terços laterais do côndilo occipital. A parte central do côndilo é formada pelo supraoccipital. Fusões e estruturas esqueléticas presentes em Iguana são similares aos demais lagartos. Não foram descritas autapomorfias no neurocrânio para esta espécie.
Phytochemical analysis of hydroethanolic extract of Turnera diffusa Willd and evaluation of its effects on astrocyte cell death
Authors: Bezerra Andréia Gomes , Negri Giuseppina , Duarte-Almeida Joaquim Maurício , Smaili Soraya Soubhi , Carlini Elisaldo Araújo
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the phytochemical composition of hydroethanolic extracts from powdered aerial parts of Turnera diffusa Willd (Turneraceae; T. diffusa), as well as its toxicity in astrocytes. Methods Chemical analyses of hydroethanolic extract from powdered aerial parts ofT. diffusa were carried out using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS.In vitro assays using astrocytes culture were performed to evaluate cell death. Results Flavone-C, O-diglycosides, such as, luteolin-8-C-[6-deoxy-2-O-rhamnosyl]-xylo-hexos-3-uloside, apigenin-8-C-[6-deoxy-2-O-rhamnosyl]-xylo-hexos-3-uloside and apigenin-7-O-6”-p-coumaroylglucoside were the main compounds found in this hydroethanolic extract. Concentration time-effect demonstrated the toxicity of this extract at a concentration of 1,000µg/mL in astrocyte culture, after 6 and 24 hours of incubation. Conclusion In phytochemical analyses, important antioxidants (mainly flavonoids) were observed. T. diffusa extracts presented cytotoxic effect in high concentrations, leading to increased cell death in astrocyte culture.
Indicators of depression in elderly and different screening methods
Authors: Matias Amanda Gilvani Cordeiro , Fonsêca Marília de Andrade , Gomes Maria de Lourdes de Freitas , Matos Marcos Antonio Almeida
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms among elderly and correlate the agreement between the screening methods used. Methods A cross-section study of 137 elderly attending the Programa Vivendo a Terceira Idade [Living for the Elderly Program]. Depressive symptoms were screened by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, by Yesavage. Cohen´s kappa analyzed the degree of agreement of these scales. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms screened by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was 62.8% and, by the Geriatric Depression Scale, 52.6%. The Spearman correlation between the results of scales obtained rho=0.387, p<0.000. The Kappa reliability coefficient was 0.41 and significance level of p<0.001. The screening methods showed sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 44%. Conclusion Both scales showed moderate agreement and were useful for detecting a relevant prevalence of the target outcome of depression among the elderly.
Thoracolumbar Chance fracture during a professional female soccer game: case report
Authors: Gotfryd Alberto Ofenhejm , Franzin Fernando José , Hartl Roger
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT We report a rare case of an unstable flexion-distraction spine fracture with ligament involvement that occurred during a professional female soccer game. There were no neurological déficit. The patient had a painful midline gap which suggested ligamentar injury that was not immediately recognized. Despite that, proper immobilization and referral to hospital for further evaluation avoided additional spinal cord damage. The patient underwent a monosegmental posterior instrumentation spine fusion and after 6 months returned to professional soccer activities. This paper alerts to the possibility of occurrence of severe and unstable spine injuries during soccer practice and the importance of an adequate initial care at the game field in order to avoid iatrogenic neurological injuries.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Two-Step Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yin Ming , Joshi Monika , Meijer Richard P. , Glantz Michael , Holder Sheldon , Harvey Harold A. , Kaag Matthew , Fransen van de Putte Elisabeth E. , Horenblas Simon , Drabick Joseph J.
Published: April 2016

Background.

Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to improve survival outcomes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide updated results of previous findings. We also summarized published data to compare clinical outcomes of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC) versus gemcitabine and cisplatin/carboplatin (GC) in the neoadjuvant setting.

Methods.

A meta-analysis of 15 randomized clinical trials was performed to compare neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus local treatment with the same local treatment alone. Because no randomized trials have investigated MVAC versus GC in the neoadjuvant setting, a meta-analysis of 13 retrospective studies was performed to compare MVAC with GC.

Results.

A total of 3,285 patients were included in 15 randomized clinical trials. There was a significant overall survival (OS) benefit associated with cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–0.96). A total of 1,766 patients were included in 13 retrospective studies. There was no significant difference in pathological complete response between MVAC and GC. However, GC was associated with a significantly reduced overall survival (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.01–1.57). After excluding carboplatin data, GC still seemed to be inferior to MVAC in OS (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.99–1.74), but the difference was no longer statistically significant.

Conclusion.

These results support the use of cisplatin-based combination neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Although GC and MVAC had similar treatment response rates, the different survival outcome observed in this study requires further investigation.
Dale Dyke dam: internal erosion risk assessments
Authors: Eddleston Malcolm , Hughes Andy
Published: April 2016

The 150th anniversary of the Dale Dyke dam failure near Sheffield was commemorated in 2014. The dam failed on first filling on 11 March 1864, with the resulting release of water leading to the loss of approximately 250 lives and extensive damage to property and infrastructure downstream. It was the largest civilian disaster of the Victorian era. To commemorate this anniversary, Dr Andy Hughes of the British Dam Society has given a number of presentations which explore various failure modes which could have led to the incident. This technical note applies current industry guidance relating to internal erosion risk assessments to the Dale Dyke dam. It aims to see if current practice would have foreseen the disaster and to ascertain if modern risk assessment methodologies could potentially help to prevent similar incidents occurring in future.
Meeting report: The 2015 supervising engineers' forum
Authors: Booth Newman
Published: April 2016

The 2015 supervising engineers' forum was held at the National Motorcycle Museum, Birmingham, on 29 April 2015. The sessions covered the following topics: updates in legislation; a practical session looking at incidents, planned maintenance and health and safety; risk management; and succession planning and industry developments.
Has the Inflation Risk Premium Fallen? Is it Now Negative?
Authors: Chen Andrew , Engstrom Eric , Grishchenko Olesya
Published: April 2016

In this note, we examine the theoretical determinants of one important component of inflation compensation, the inflation risk premium, and argue that a secular decline in the inflation risk premium may be responsible for a substantial portion of the decline in inflation compensation in recent years.
From Which Consumption-Based Asset Pricing Models Can Investors Profit? Evidence from Model-Based Priors
Authors: Kruttli Mathias S.
Published: April 2016

This paper compares consumption-based asset pricing models based on the forecasting performance of investors who use economic constraints derived from the models to predict the equity premium. Three prominent asset pricing models are considered: Habit Formation, Long Run Risk, and Prospect Theory. I propose a simple Bayesian framework through which the investors impose the economic constraints as model-based priors on the parameters of their predictive regressions. An investor whose prior beliefs are rooted in the Long Run Risk model achieves more accurate forecasts overall. The greatest difference in performance occurs during the bull market of the late 1990s. During this period, the weak predictability of the equity premium implied by the Long Run Risk model helps the investor to not prematurely anticipate falling stock prices.
IMPLEMENTASI LESSON STUDY SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMP KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Rozak Abdul , Fauziah Eva
Published: April 2016

Abstrak Lesson study merupakan alternatif yang dapat dilakukan oleh guru bersama teman sejawatnya dalam rangka membudayakan belajar sepanjang hayat untuk terus meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogiknya secara mandiri yang berdampak langsung bagi perbaikan dan peningkatan mutu pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Oleh karena itu, implementasi lesson study sebagai model pembinaan dan peningkatan kompetensi pedagogik guru bahasa Indonesia memerlukan dukungan dari pihak-pihak terkait terutama kepala sekolah dan dinas pendidikan. Tanpa dukungan itu, maka lesson study hanyalah “mimpi” bagi guru-guru yang memiliki motivasi untuk meningkatkan kemampuannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lesson study pada kompetensi pedagogik guru bahasa Indonesia SMP kabupaten Cirebon. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini lesson study berdampak positif terhadap kompetensi pedagogik guru.Kata-kata kunci: lesson study, kompetensi pedagogik, peningkatan    mutu pembelajaran Abstract Lesson Study is an alternative that teachers can take in implanting the culture of lifelong learning and improving their pedagogical competency independently. In addition, it has direct impact on the improvement and development of instructional quality in classrooms.  Therefore, the implementation of Lesson Study as a model for improving the competency of Indonesian language teachers needs to gain support from all stakeholders, especially Principal and Office of Education in district level.  Without the support, Lesson Study is just a “dream” for teachers who are highly motivated to improve their competencies. This research intended to find out the impact of Lesson Study on pedagogical competency of Indonesian language teachers in junior high schools in Cirebon Regency.  This research found that Lesson Study gave positive impact on their pedagogical competenciesKeywords : lesson study, pedagogic competence, quality learning improvement
COMPOUNDING IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TERMS: A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors: Sari Rafica
Published: April 2016

AbstrakDalam linguistik merupakan proses pembentukan kata yang sangat produktif dua kata atau lebih digabungkan menjadi sebuah kata baru. Proses ini sering dijumpai pada pembentukan kata atau istilah baru dalam bidang teknologi informasi. Compound word (kata majemuk) pada istilah-istilah bidang teknologi informasi adakalanya memiliki makna yang berbeda dari makna leksikal pembentuk kata majemuknya. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini ditulis untuk mendeskripsikan kata majemuk yang terdapat pada istilah teknologi informasi,  mendeskripsikan cara penulisannya, dan mendeskripsikan makna leksikal pada kata majemuk tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, diketahui bahwa kata majemuk dalam teknologi informasi memiliki beberapa kombinasi elemen dengan cara penulisan menggunakan open form, hyphenated-form, dan closed/solid form. Makna kata majemukyang terbentuk dari proses compounding pada istilah teknologi informasi ternyata lebih banyak mempertahankan makna leksikal dari masing-masing kata pembentuknya daripada membentuk makna baru. Kata-kata kunci: compounding, istilah teknologi informasi, makna leksikal. AbstractIn linguistic it is a process of word formation that is very productive in which two or more words are combined into a new word. This process is often found in the formation of new words or terms in the field of information technology. Compound words for terms in the field of information technology sometimes have a different meaning from the lexical meaning of each word that makes up the compound words. Therefore, this paper is written to describe compound words contained in information technology terms, to describes how to write them, and to describe lexical meanings of the compound words. Based on the analysis using a descriptive method, it was found that compound words in information technology have some combinations of elements by way of writing using open form, hyphenated-form, and closed/solid form. Meanings of compound words that are formed through the  compounding process in the information technology terms seem to maintain lexical meaning of each constituent word rather than forming new meanings. Keywords:  compounding, information technology terms, lexical meaning
PENERAPAN TEKNIK KOREKSI TIDAK LANGSUNG UNTUK MEMINIMALKAN KESALAHAN BERBAHASA DALAM PENYUSUNAN KARYA ILMIAH
Authors: Utami Santi Pratiwi Tri
Published: April 2016

Abstrak  Sebagian besar mahasiswa masih mengeluhkan kesulitan mengorganisasikan isi dan menerapkan kaidah tulis ilmiah dalam tugas penyusunan karya ilmiah sehingga banyak kesalahan berbahasa yang timbul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meminimalkan kesalahan berbahasa dengan teknik koreksi tidak langsung. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan tingkat kesalahan berbahasa baik pada tindakan prasiklus, siklus I, dan siklus II. Secara keseluruhan penurunan rata-rata sebesar 25,06%. Jumlah rata-rata kesalahan berbahasa pada tahap prasiklus sebesar 24%, pada siklus II jumlah rata-rata kesalahan berbahasa menurun menjadi 13,75%. Selain hasil tersebut, terdapat persepsi dan kesan positif dari mahasiswa pada perkuliahan MKU bahasa Indonesia.Kata-kata kunci: teknik koreksi tidak langsung, kesalahan berbahasa,karya   ilmiah AbstractMost students still complain about difficulties in organizing content and applying the rules of scientific writing in preparing scientific papers as they commit so many errors. This study aims to minimize language errors by indirect correction techniques. This Classroom Action Research was conducted in two cycles. The results show a decrease in the error rate on language use both in the actions of pre-cycle, the first cycle and the second cycle. In total, there was an average decrease of 25.06%. The number of average errors on language use in the stage of pre-cycle was 24%, the number of average errors on language use decreased to 13,75% in cycle II. In addition to those results, there was a positive perception and impression in the students towards the General Subject Course of Indonesian Language. Keywords: indirect correction techniques, errors in language use,                     scientific writing