bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brief communication: Potential of satellite optical imagery to monitor glacier surface flow velocity variability in the tropical Andes
Authors: Ducasse Etienne , Millan Romain , Andersen Jonas Kvist , Rabatel Antoine
Published: September 2024

Abstract. We present the first analysis of glacier dynamics in the tropical Andes of Peru and Bolivia using satellite data from 2013 to 2022. Despite the challenges posed by small-size glacier, low velocities and high cloudiness during the monsoon, we map annually aggregated surface velocities and quantify the seasonal variability in the fastest parts of the glaciers. Limited trends are observed on the annual velocities over the last decade, but significant seasonal changes between the wet and the dry seasons are found, likely controlled by the seasonality in melt water production and the related changes in the hydrological conditions at the glacier-bedrock interface.
Pathways for avoiding ocean biogeochemical damage: Mitigation limits, mitigation options, and projections
Authors: Bourgeois Timothée , Torres Olivier , Fröb Friederike , Jeltsch-Thömmes Aurich , Tran Giang T. , Schwinger Jörg , Frölicher Thomas L. , Negrel Jean , Keller David , Oschlies Andreas , Bopp Laurent , Joos Fortunat
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions cause multiple changes in the ocean and its ecosystems through climate change and ocean acidification. These changes can occur progressively with rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, but there is also the possibility of large-scale abrupt, and/or potentially irreversible changes, which would leave limited opportunity for marine ecosystems to adapt. Such changes, either progressive or abrupt, pose a threat to biodiversity, food security, and human societies. However, it remains notoriously difficult to determine exact limits of a “safe operating space” for humanity. Here, we map, for a variety of ocean impact metrics, the crossing of limits, which we define using the available literature and to represent a wide range of deviations from the unperturbed state. We assess the crossing of these limits in three future emission pathways: two climate mitigation scenarios, including an overshoot scenario, and one high-emission no-mitigation scenario. These scenarios are simulated by the latest generation of Earth system models and large perturbed-parameter ensembles with two Earth system models of intermediate complexity. Using this comprehensive model database, we estimate when and at which warming level 4 mitigation limits based on expert judgement for 14 different impact metrics are exceeded along with an assessment of uncertainties. We find that under the high-emissions scenario, the two highest limits are exceeded with high confidence for the marine heatwaves’ duration, expansion of ocean areas that are undersaturated with respect to aragonite, decreases in plankton biomass, and loss of Arctic summer sea ice extent. The probability of exceeding a given limit generally decreases clearly under low-emissions scenario. Yet, exceedance of ambitious limits related to Arctic aragonite undersaturation, plankton biomass, and Arctic summer sea ice extent are projected to be difficult to avoid (high confidence) even under the low-emissions scenario. The scenario including a temporary overshoot reduces with high confidence the risk of exceeding mitigation limits by year 2100 related to the marine heatwave duration, metabolic index, plankton biomass, Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, aragonite undersaturation, global deoxygenation, and Arctic summer sea ice extent compared to the high-emissions scenario. Our study highlights the urgent need for ambitious mitigation efforts to minimize extensive impacts and potentially irreversible changes to the world's oceans and ecosystems.
Satellite-based near-real-time global daily terrestrial evapotranspiration estimates
Authors: Huang Lei , Luo Yong , Chen Jing M. , Tang Qiuhong , Steenhuis Tammo , Cheng Wei , Shi Wen
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Accurate and timely global evapotranspiration (ET) data are crucial for agriculture, water resource management, and drought forecasting. Although numerous satellite-based ET products are available, few offer near-real-time data. For instance, products like NASA's ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment mounted on the International Space Station (ECOSTRESS) and MOD16 face challenges such as uneven coverage and delays exceeding 1 week in data availability. In this study, we refined the Variation of the Standard Evapotranspiration Algorithm (VISEA) by fully integrating satellite-based data, e.g., European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ERA5-Land shortwave radiation (which includes satellite remote sensing data within its assimilation system) and MODIS land surface data (which include surface reflectance, temperature and/or emissivity, land cover, vegetation indices, and albedo as inputs). This enables VISEA to provide near-real-time global daily ET estimates with a maximum delay of 1 week at a resolution of 0.05°. Its accuracy was assessed globally using observation data from 149 flux towers across 12 land cover types and comparing them with five other satellite-based ET products and Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) data. The results indicate that VISEA provides accurate ET estimates that are comparable to existing products, achieving a mean correlation coefficient (R) of about 0.6 and an RMSE of 1.4 mm d−1. Furthermore, we demonstrated VISEA's utility in drought monitoring during a drought event in the Yangtze River basin in 2022 in which ET changes correlated with precipitation. The near-real-time capability of VISEA is, thus, especially valuable in meteorological and hydrological applications for coordinating drought relief efforts. The VISEA ET dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.11888/Terre.tpdc.300782 (Huang, 2023a).
Glaciological and meteorological monitoring at Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites Mullwitzkees and Venedigerkees, Austria, 2006–2022
Authors: Hartl Lea , Seiser Bernd , Stocker-Waldhuber Martin , Baldo Anna , Lauria Marcela Violeta , Fischer Andrea
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Glaciers in the Alps are losing mass at unprecedented and accelerating rates. Monitoring of glacier mass change as well as relevant atmospheric parameters plays an important role in improving understanding of local and downstream impacts. We present sub-seasonal, seasonal, and annual glaciological mass balance data and meteorological observations from Mullwitzkees and Venedigerkees, two glacier monitoring sites in the Hohe Tauern range of the Austrian Alps. Ablation stake networks were established on Mullwitzkees in 2006/07 and on Venedigerkees in 2011/12. Monitoring is ongoing. In addition to stake readings at sub-seasonal intervals, accumulation measurements (snow pits and probing) are carried out seasonally. The glaciological dataset consists of sub-seasonal floating-date measurements as well as fixed-date seasonal and annual values. The fixed-date glacier-wide mass balance was derived from annual point mass balance values. Automatic weather stations measuring standard meteorological parameters were installed near Mullwitzkees and Venedigerkees in 2020 and 2019, respectively. Meteorological data are provided in 10 min intervals. Uncertainties in individual point mass balance measurements were computed following the approach of the Swiss Glacier Monitoring (GLAMOS) programme, taking into account estimated density and reading errors. The sub-seasonal mass balance records highlight shorter-term variability in mass loss and the linkage with meteorological conditions. The most negative annual point mass balance recorded in the period of record was −5.8 ± 0.66 m w.e. at an elevation of 2536 m on Venedigerkees, and 2022 stands out as the most negative mass balance year to date in both time series, particularly at higher elevations. The cumulative specific mass balances (glacier-wide) over the period of record were −14.68 m w.e. at Mullwitzkees and −8.79 m w.e. at Venedigerkees. Data are available in the PANGAEA publication series and the associated datasets. The main publication series are updated annually. The Mullwitzkees mass balance datasets can be found in Stocker-Waldhuber et al. (2016) (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.965660) and Stocker-Waldhuber et al. (2024d) (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.965719). The Venedigerkees data can be found in Seiser and Fischer (2016) (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.965648) and Seiser et al. (2024d) (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.965729).
Developing water supply reservoir operating rules for large-scale hydrological modelling
Authors: Salwey Saskia , Coxon Gemma , Pianosi Francesca , Lane Rosanna , Hutton Chris , Bliss Singer Michael , McMillan Hilary , Freer Jim
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Reservoirs are ubiquitous water infrastructure, providing functional capability to manage, and often mitigate, hydrological variability across space and time. The presence and operation of a reservoir control the downstream flow regime, such that in many locations understanding reservoir operations is crucial to understanding the hydrological functioning of a catchment. Despite many advances in modelling reservoir operations, inclusion of reservoirs in large-scale hydrological modelling remains challenging, particularly when the number of reservoirs is large and data access is limited. Here we design a set of simple reservoir operating rules (with only two calibrated parameters) focused on simulating small water supply reservoirs across large scales with various types of open-access data (i.e. catchment attributes and flows at downstream gauges). We integrate our rules into a national-scale hydrological model of Great Britain and compare hydrological simulations with and without the new reservoir component. Our simple reservoir operating rules significantly increase model performance in reservoir-impacted catchments, particularly when the rules are calibrated individually at each downstream gauge. We also test the feasibility of using transfer functions (which transform reservoir and catchment attributes into operating rule parameters) to identify a nationally consistent calibration. This works well in ∼ 50 % of the catchments, while nuances in individual reservoir operations limit performance in others. We suggest that our approach should provide a lower benchmark for simulations in catchments containing water supply reservoirs and that more complex methods should only be considered where they outperform our simple approach.
Comparing the Performance of Different Classifiers for Urban Change Detection: A Case Study in Kingston, Ontario
Authors: Babadi Ataabadi Masoud , Chen Dongmei , Pouliot Darren , Oluwadare Temitope Seun
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Remote Sensing-based change detection (CD) focuses on the identification of Earth's surface transformations through analysis of multi-temporal satellite images captured for the same geographic region at different points in time. Two common classification-based change detection techniques are post-classification comparison of land cover maps and direct classification of image differences between two periods of interest. In either approach, the selection of an appropriate classifier is critical. Consequently, this study focuses on assessing the performance of different classifiers, including the multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), maximum likelihood (MLH), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and gaussian naïve bayes (GNB). For this evaluation, two high resolution images captured in 2016 and 2020 by the PS2 sensor within the PlanetScope satellite constellation were used. Additionally, a novel unbiased sampling technique was introduced to selectively capture a minimal number of reference pixels. In the context of change detection, slight variations were observed in classification performance rankings between post-classification and difference image classification methods. However, a consistent trend emerged. The MLPNN consistently achieved the highest accuracy, closely followed by RF and SVM as the second or third-best performers in each technique. In contrast, GNB consistently yielded less favourable results. Importantly, our findings highlight the persistent superiority of the difference image classification in terms of change detection accuracy across all six classifiers. Furthermore, this method offers a significant advantage due to its reduced processing time and computational demands, positioning it as the preferred choice for binary change detection when compared to post-classification techniques.
On the potential of using smartphone sensors for wildfire hazard estimation through citizen science
Authors: Shachaf Hofit , Price Colin , Rostkier-Edelstein Dorita , Mass Cliff
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Weather conditions that can enhance wildfire potential are a problem faced by many countries around the world. Wildfires can have major economic impacts as well as prolonged effects on populations and ecosystems. Distributing information on fire hazards to the public and first responders in real time is crucial for fire risk management and risk reduction. Although most fires today are caused by people, weather conditions determine if and how fast the fire spreads. In particular, research has shown that atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is a key parameter predicting the dryness of vegetation and the available fuel for fires. VPD is determined from the environmental air temperature and relative humidity, both of which are readily obtained from smartphones carried by the public. In this study we use smartphone data from the company Opensignal, collected over almost 4 years and from more than 40 000 users per day, to estimate VPD values. We have found that smartphone data can provide useful information about fire risk and danger. Here we present two case studies from wildfires in Israel and Portugal in which VPD is calculated using calibrated temperature and relative humidity measurements from smartphones. Given the rapid growth in the number of smartphones around the globe, we propose applying smartphone data for meteorological research and fire weather applications. Possible users of these results could be wildfire researchers; public policy specialists in wildfire, climate, and disaster management; engineers working with big data; low-income countries; and citizen science advocates.
Exploring variability in climate change projections on the Nemunas River and Curonian Lagoon: coupled SWAT and SHYFEM modeling approach
Authors: Čerkasova Natalja , Mėžinė Jovita , Idzelytė Rasa , Lesutienė Jūratė , Ertürk Ali , Umgiesser Georg
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This study advances the understanding of climate projection variabilities in the Nemunas River, Curonian Lagoon, and southeastern Baltic Sea continuum by analyzing the output of a coupled ocean and drainage basin modeling system forced by a subset of climate models. A dataset from a downscaled high-resolution regional atmospheric climate model driven by four different global climate models was bias-corrected and used to set up the hydrological (Soil and Water Assessment Tool, SWAT) and hydrodynamic (Shallow water HYdrodynamic Finite Element Model, SHYFEM) modeling system. This study investigates the variability and trends in environmental parameters such as water fluxes, timing, nutrient load, water temperature, ice cover, and saltwater intrusions under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The analysis highlights the differences among model results underscoring the inherent uncertainties in projecting climatic impacts, hence highlighting the necessity of using multi-model ensembles to improve the accuracy of climate change impact assessments. Modeling results were used to evaluate the possible environmental impact due to climate change through the analysis of the cold-water fish species reproduction season. We analyze the duration of cold periods (<1.5 °C) as a thermal window for burbot (Lota lota L.) spawning, calculated assuming different climate forcing scenarios and models. The analysis indicated coherent shrinking of the cold period and presence of changepoints during historical and different periods in the future; however, not all trends reach statistical significance, and due to high variability within the projections, they are less reliable. This means there is a considerable amount of uncertainty in these projections, highlighting the difficulty of making reliable climate change impact assessments.
Evolving Hungarian-American Academic Relations
Authors: Ball Christopher
Published: September 2024

This article is a retrospective of the last thirty years of US-Hungarian relations with special focus on university relations.  I do this by telling my story of moving to Hungary in 1994, then building new American-Hungarian academic programs over the last 20 years.  I discuss the successes and struggles of each period as well as the particular challenges today.  I conclude with thoughts on a path forward and argue that we need exchange programs and partnerships between our countries more today than ever.  This is a written version of my keynote address given at the AHEA 2023 Annual Conference.
The Role of the Chorus in Akira Kurosawa's 1990 Yume (Dreams)
Authors: Papagiannis Lampros
Published: September 2024

This article attempts an analysis of Akira Kurosawa’s 1990 Yume (Dreams) based on the idea that each one of the eight episodes that the film depicts have got a group of people (or animals) that seems to be the equivalent of the ancient Greek theatre chorus. Thus, the article is an effort to establish a basis upon which the film may be understood differently that it is until now. Moreover, as the last sentence of the article declares, the actual intention of the article is to create a basis upon which further academic research may be conducted.
Masochist and Sadist Individuals at the Socio-Cultural Crisis in The Banshees of Inisherin
Authors: Hosseini Sajed , Babaie Payam
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the death drive in McDonagh’s The Banshees of Inisherin while investigating the functions of self-defense, self-destruction, and self-abasement in the film. The proposed questions include: What is the function of death drive in the subjectivity of an individual destructing himself? What are the possible socio-cultural implications of death drive as suggested in the movie? To answer these questions, the study makes frequent use of key terms associated with self-defense mechanism, death drive in particular, as well as masochistic and sadistic elements to prove different features of self-destruction in various forms. The present research shows that death drive projects itself as masochistic self-defense reaction, which is more often than not characterized with resentment and antagonism.
Almanya’da Yaşayan İkinci ve Üçüncü Kuşak Türklerin Dil Tercihleri
Authors: Akbaş Eda Nur
Published: September 2024

It is known that the Turkish language, inherited from generation to generation among Turks living in Germany for four generations, is becoming less used, while the dominant language, German, is increasingly adopted by Turks. This study examines the language use preferences of bilingual or multilingual second and third-generation Turks living in Germany and aims to determine the extent to which Turkish is used. Designed as a case study, one of the qualitative research designs, the data for this research were obtained from a survey conducted with 203 people born in Germany and living in the cities of Cologne and Hückelhoven. The collected data were tabulated using Microsoft Excel and interpreted using descriptive analysis. The findings of the research indicate that Turkish is mostly used among family and relatives but generally falls behind German in daily language use. It was found that participants express themselves best in German and that a significant proportion of participants use a mixture of Turkish and German. Keywords: Bilingualism, Germany, language preference, second and third-generation Turks
Enderun Mektebinde Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretimine Bakış
Authors: Eraslan Fatma
Published: September 2024

In the Ottoman Empire, which ruled over three continents, the educational approach aimed to raise a society that spoke many languages and cultures and addressed the world, rather than addressing only the local or specific nation. The aim of this study is to investigate how Turkish was taught to foreigners during the Ottoman Empire and to closely examine the Enderun school. Enderun first began operating in the Edirne Palace. Dating back to the reign of Murat II, this school was fully organized during the Fatih period. After the conquest of Istanbul, Enderun continued its education in the Topkapı Palace. Children of Christian origin was admitted to Enderun. These children, who were gathered within the framework of the devshirme system, received comprehensive education in Enderun and were raised to become reliable and qualified employees. In the devshirme system, children were gathered in accordance with the Devshirme Law and sent to Turkish families to learn Turkish, Turkish customs and traditions, and the Islamic religion. Key words: Foreign language Turkish, Enderun School, devshirme.
Mean field analysis of interacting network model with jumps
Authors: Li Zeqian ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Published: September 2024

This paper considers an \begin{document}$ n $\end{document}-particle jump-diffusion system with mean filed interaction, where the coefficients are locally Lipschitz continuous. We address the convergence as \begin{document}$ n\to\infty $\end{document} of the empirical measure of the jump-diffusions to the solution of a deterministic McKean–Vlasov equation. The strong well-posedness of the associated McKean–Vlasov equation and a corresponding propagation of chaos result are proven. In particular, we also provide precise estimates of the convergence speed with respect to a Wasserstein-like metric.
Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Duration on Sural Nerve Conduction Velocity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Maurya Lavkush , Singh Shraddha , Chaudhary S C
Published: September 2024

Objective: To evaluate the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) of the sural nerve in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and compare it with healthy controls, focusing on the impact of the disease's duration on NCV.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 90 T2DM patients divided into two groups based on disease duration (<5 years and >10 years) and 45 healthy controls. Sural nerve NCV was measured using an Octopus NCV/EMG/EP machine. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.
Results: The NCV of the sural nerve was significantly lower in T2DM patients compared to controls (p<0.001). NCV decreased significantly with increasing duration of diabetes, showing a reduction of approximately 1.80 m/s per year for the left sural nerve and 1.97 m/s per year for the right sural nerve.
Conclusions: Prolonged T2DM is associated with a significant reduction in sural nerve conduction velocity, indicating progressive nerve damage. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent severe neuropathic complications.

Key words: Nerve Conduction Velocity, Sural Nerve, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Neuropathy
A Homoeopathic Treatment of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis by an Individualised Drug Phosphorous 200 With External Application; Arnica Mother Tincture: A Case Report
Authors: Nanao Thounaojam , Bamon Rilang Iki , P Chyne Bakmenlin
Published: September 2024

Seborrhoeic Dermatitis is an inflammation of sebaceous glands which manifests as severely itchy papulo-squamous lesions occurring on the seborrhoeic areas, especially the scalp, the face, retro-auricular areas, upper central parts of the chest and the back, axillae and the groins, predominantly in infancy and middle age, exhibiting distinct variations across these age groups. A girl of 10 years old came with the complaints of itchiness, dryness and scaling of scalp on the back of the head since 1 month at NEIAH HOMOEOPATHY OPD, clinically diagnosis was made as Seborrhoeic Dermatitis according the pattern and nature of lesion. Patient was evaluated and Phosporous 200 was given as an individualised drug along with Arnica tincture for external application, a significance result was seen in the first follow up itself. Seborrhoeic dermatitis in this case was better within the 1st follow up which may suggest that external application might be helping in healing faster in this case, where scaling and itchiness were reduced but yellowish greasy scalp was persistent and complete reduction of symptoms was achieved in second follow up which was within 1 week of 1st follow up. After review database research papers, case report or series of case reports, duration in symptoms reduction of seborrhoeic dermatitis by homoeopathic treatment was under 6 months which was longer than this case report for which the importance of external application arnica tincture are highlighted and need to be studied in future for validation either in helping seborrheic dermatitis in fast recovery or no significance in the recovery process. Therefore this case report is brought up to analyse the importance of external application along with individualised drug in the treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis.

Key words: Seborrhoeic dermatitis, Homoeopathy, Phosphorous, external application, Arnica tincture.
МЕДИАЦИЯ ИНСТИТУТЫН ҚЫЛМЫСТЫҚ СОТ ІСІН ЖҮРГІЗУДЕ ҚОЛДАНУ ТУРАЛЫ: ТИІМДІЛІК МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІ ЖӘНЕ ЖАҚСАРТУ ЖОЛДАРЫ
Authors: Баймұхаметова Г.М.
Published: September 2024

Мақалада медиация институтын қылмыстық сот ісін жүргізуде қолдану мәселесі қарастырылған. Медиация институтын қылмыстық іс жүргізу саласында қолдану ерекше өзекті болып табылады, сонымен бірге сот ісін жүргізудің осы саласындағы қазіргі проблема болашақта елеулі зардаптарға әкелуі әбден мүмкін. Азаматтық құқық саласындағы мәселе, әдетте, материалдық мүдделердің бұзылуына әкеп соқтырса, онда қылмыстық құқық саласында бұл проблема адамның негізгі конституциялық құқықтарының: бостандық, өмір сүру және т.б. құқықтардың бұзылуынан көрінеді.
Автор қылмыстық сот ісін жүргізуде медиацияны іс жүзінде қолдану кезіндегі мәселелерді қарастырды. Мақалада медиация процесін жақсартуға және оның құқықтық жүйеде тиімді жұмыс істеуін қамтамасыз етуге бағытталған заңнамаға ұсыныстар мен өзгерістер енгізілді. Қазақстан Республикасы Қылмыстық- процестік кодексіне енгізілген өзгерістер прокурорға медиация рәсімін тағайындау бойынша қылмыстық қудалауға, медиативтік келісімді бекітуге және медиацияның түпкі мақсатына қол жеткізген кезде қылмыстық қудалауды тоқтатуға балама ретінде өкілеттіктер береді. Сондай-ақ медиативтік келісімнің сақталуын және жәбірленушінің құқықтарын қорғауды қадағалауды жүзеге асыру қаралған. Бұл өзгерістер медиация институтын қылмыстық процесте пайдалануды ынталандыруға және кеңейтуге бағытталған.
СОЗДАНИЕ КОНСПИРАТИВНЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ В ОПЕРАТИВНО- РОЗЫСКНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ: ВОПРОСЫ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬНОЙ РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦИИ
Authors: Губайдуллин Ж.Ж.
Published: September 2024

В данной статье анализируется понятие и содержание создания конспиративных предприятий и организаций как оперативно-розыскное мероприятие. В силу значительной закрытости тематики научные исследования по нему немногочисленны и фрагментарны. Нормы законодательства Казахстана и ряда зарубежных стран дают отрывочное представление о сущности этого действия. Наблюдаются различные подходы в терминологии и понятийном аппарате, что препятствует эффективной правоприменительной практике. Существуют нерешенные проблемы действующего законодательства Казахстана, затрудняющие системное использование конспиративных предприятий и организаций в противодействии особо опасным видам уголовных правонарушений – организованная преступность, наркопреступность, религиозный экстремизм и терроризм, а также деятельность деструктивных движений и организаций. В результате научного поиска определены его основные проблемные вопросы и выработаны предложения по совершенствованию норм отечественного оперативно-розыскного законодательства.
«ЖОЛ ЖҮРІСІ ТУРАЛЫ» ҚАЗАҚСТАН РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫНЫҢ ЗАҢЫНА ӨЗГЕРІСТЕР МЕН ТОЛЫҚТЫРУЛАР: ЭЛЕКТР САМОКАТТЫ, ШАҒЫН ЭЛЕКТР КӨЛІГІ ҚҰРАЛЫН ПАЙДАЛАНУДЫ ҚҰҚЫҚТЫҚ РЕТТЕУ МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІ
Authors: Сәулен Н. , Иманғалиев Н.Қ.
Published: September 2024

Мақалада «Қазақстан Республикасының кейбір заңнамалық актілеріне жол жүрісін ұйымдастыру мәселелері бойынша өзгерістер мен толықтырулар енгізу туралы» Қазақстан Республикасының Заңымен енгізілген «Жол жүрісі туралы» 2014 жылғы 17 сәуірдегі Қазақстан Республикасының заңына («шағын электр көлігі құралы» және «электр самокаттары» ұғымдары, олардың иелерінің құқықтары мен міндеттері) түзетулер қарастырылады, ағымдағы жылғы 29 маусымда қабылданды.
Сонымен қатар осы өзгерістердің қазіргі жол қозғалысы мен ұтқырлық дәуіріндегі маңыздылығы мен салдары талданды. Авторлар шағын электр көлігі құралдарын, электр самокаттарды пайдаланудың құқықтық аспектілеріне, реттеу ерекшеліктеріне және олардың жол қозғалысын ұйымдастыруға әсеріне байланысты мәселелерді қарастырды. Атап айтқанда, авторлар шағын электр көлігі құралдарын, электр самокат ұғымдарын бір ұғыммен атауды, жолдың оң жақ жиегіне шығарудың артықшылықтары мен қолданыста енгізгенде туындайтын мәселелеріне тоқталды.
АЛДЫН АЛУ ПРОФИЛАКТИКАСЫ КӘМЕЛЕТКЕ ТОЛМАҒАНДАРДЫҢ ҚЫЛМЫСЫНА ҚАРСЫ КҮРЕСТІҢ НЕГІЗГІ БАҒЫТЫ РЕТІНДЕ
Authors: Аманова Д.Т. , Әбіжанов С.М.
Published: September 2024

Мақала кәмелетке толмағандармен жасалған қылмыстық құқық бұзушылықтарға байланысты проблемаларды зерттеудің өзекті бағыттарына арналған. Кәмелетке толмағандардың қылмысы белсенділіктің жоғары деңгейімен, динамикалығымен және топтық сипатымен ерекшеленеді. Кәмелетке толмаған жасында қылмыс жасау жолына түскен адамдарды түзету және қайта тәрбиелеу қиын және ересек қылмыс үшін резерв болып табылады. Авторлар жасөспірімдер қылмысының өзекті себептері мен жағдайларын зерттеу, жасөспірімдердің құқыққа қайшы мінез-құлқының себептік кешенінің заңдылықтарын анықтау жастар арасындағы қылмыстың өсуін төмендетуі мүмкін деп санайды.
Мақалада кәмелетке толмағандар арасындағы қылмыстың ерте алдын алынуына талдау жасалады, оның бағыттары мен тиімділігі, сондай-ақ жасөспірімдер арасындағы қылмыстың өсу себептері қарастырылады. Авторлар қылмыстың алдын алу маңызды қолданбалы мәнге ие деп санайды және оны уақытылы және дұрыс ұйымдастырылған түрде жүзеге асыру кәмелетке толмағандардың қылмыс көрсеткіштерінің төмендеуіне белгілі бір дәрежеде әсер етуге мүмкіндік береді.
ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ ЭКСПЕРТОВ И СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ ЗАКУПОК: ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН
Authors: Байсеитов Б.С.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматривается степень ответственности экспертов и (или) специалистов в процессе проведения государственных закупок. Автором проведен анализ действующего уголовного законодательства Республики Казахстан, по результатам которого выявлены коллизии, способствующие нерациональному использованию норм об ответственности за дачу заведомо ложных заключений экспертов и (или) специалистов, привлеченных государственными органами или ответственной компанией к проверке качества товаров, работ или услуг. По мнению автора, подобная противоправная деятельность экспертов и (или) специалистов по даче заведомо ложных заключений в рамках государственных закупок и отсутствие конкретной уголовно-правовой нормы создает благоприятные условия для совершения хищений бюджетных средств. По результатам анализа автором выработаны предложения по совершенствованию действующего Уголовного кодекса Республики Казахстан путем введения уголовной ответственности экспертов и специалистов, привлекаемых по договорам о государственных закупках за дачу заведомо ложных заключений.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬНОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ РЕЙДЕРСТВА
Authors: Дюсенбаева А.К.
Published: September 2024

Противодействие рейдерству в Республики Казахстан одна из важных задач обеспечения экономической безопасности. Вместе с тем, прилагаемые государством усилия в данном направлении не эффективны, что связано с несовершенством нормы уголовного закона, предусматривающей уголовную ответственность за совершение рейдерства, проблемами установления понятия и признаков данного состава преступления, правильной квалификации деяния, разграничения от смежных составов уголовных правонарушений и гражданскими правоотношениями. В настоящей статье рассматривается проблема законодательного определения рейдерства в статье 249 Уголовного Кодекса Республики Казахстан и предлагаются пути ее решения. Автором разработана новая конструкция состава рейдерства, которая, по его мнению, полностью отражает все признаки исследуемого явления, способствует устранению его разноречивых толкований и правильной квалификации в правоприменительной практике.
О ПРОБЛЕМАХ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬНОЙ РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦИИ ОТСРОЧКИ ОТБЫВАНИЯ НАКАЗАНИЯ В СВЯЗИ С БОЛЕЗНЬЮ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАЗАХСТАН
Authors: Филипец О.Б. , Шелухин С.И.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена отсрочке отбывания наказания в соответствии с уголовным, уголовно- процессуальным и уголовно-исполнительным законодательством Республики Казахстан, как одному из видов поощрительных норм, которые суд вправе применить к осужденному при наличии у него болезни. Законодатель, предусмотрев этот вид отсрочки отбывания наказания, не учел особенности межотраслевой регламентации института отсрочки отбывания наказания, в этой связи возник ряд серьезных проблем правового регулирования, влияющие на практику применения закона и реализацию уголовной политики в отношении особо уязвимой категории граждан – лиц, страдающих серьезными заболеваниями. Сравнительно-правовой анализ и мониторинг норм уголовного, уголовно-процессуального и пенитенциарного законов позволили автору выявить пробелы в законодательном регулировании анализируемого института и поставить вопрос о решении существующих проблем относительно отсрочки отбывания наказания в связи с болезнью осужденного.
Entre Linhas e Colheitas: A Importância do Algodão na Agricultura Familiar em Paulistana-PI
Authors: Rodrigues Joicione Gezislau , Damasceno Marli Ferreira de Carvalho , Santos Beatriz Sousa Calazans
Published: September 2024

Nas últimas décadas, o Brasil tem se destacado como um grande produtor agrícola, com a agricultura familiar desempenhando um papel fundamental nesse cenário. Este estudo concentra-se em Paulistana-PI, examinando a importância e os desafios do cultivo de algodão na agricultura familiar local. O cultivo de algodão na agricultura familiar oferece benefícios econômicos e sociais, mas enfrenta obstáculos significativos, como a falta de crédito e a concorrência acirrada. A fundamentação teórica do estudo explora o histórico do algodão no Nordeste brasileiro e a relevância da agricultura familiar para a economia local. A pesquisa utilizou uma abordagem quantitativa, aplicando questionários via Google Forms em comunidades selecionadas. Os resultados mostraram uma percepção positiva dos agricultores quanto à lucratividade do algodão, destacando a importância dessa cultura para suas atividades econômicas. Como parte da intervenção, os resultados foram divulgados através de uma apresentação na rádio local e de uma cartilha informativa, com o objetivo de conectar diretamente os resultados da pesquisa aos agricultores e promover melhorias na prática agrícola. Os dados revelam uma estabilidade no setor, com a maioria dos produtores considerando o cultivo de algodão como lucrativo. Destacam-se também práticas sustentáveis, diversidade nas fontes de renda e a adoção de tecnologias modernas na região investigada. O estudo contribui para uma melhor compreensão da realidade da agricultura familiar com algodão em Paulistana-PI, propondo medidas para fortalecer a atividade e melhorar as condições de vida dos agricultores. Apesar dos desafios, como a heterogeneidade das experiências, a dependência econômica e a neutralidade em algumas áreas, os resultados sugerem uma base sólida para o desenvolvimento sustentável da produção de algodão na região. O trabalho também evidencia a necessidade de políticas públicas para apoiar e fortalecer o setor. O diálogo contínuo e as estratégias de fortalecimento são essenciais para otimizar o desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar com algodão em Paulistana-PI.
A tripartite bacterial-fungal-plant symbiosis in the mycorrhiza-shaped microbiome drives plant growth and mycorrhization
Authors: Zhang Changfeng
Published: September 2024

Plant microbiomes play crucial roles in nutrient cycling and plant growth, and are shaped by a complex interplay between plants, microbes, and the environment. The role of bacteria as mediators of the 400-million-year-old partnership between the majority of land plants and, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is still poorly understood. Here we test whether AM hyphae-associated bacteria influence the success of the AM symbiosis. Using partitioned microcosms containing field soil, we discovered that AM hyphae and roots selectively assemble their own microbiome from the surrounding soil. In two independent experiments, we identified several bacterial genera, including *Devosia*, that are consistently enriched on AM hyphae. Subsequently, we isolated 144 pure bacterial isolates from a mycorrhiza-rich sample of extraradical hyphae and isolated *Devosia* sp. ZB163 as root and hyphal colonizer. We show that this AM-associated bacterium synergistically acts with mycorrhiza on the plant root to strongly promote plant growth, nitrogen uptake, and mycorrhization. Our results highlight that AM fungi do not function in isolation and that the plant-mycorrhiza symbiont can recruit beneficial bacteria that support the symbiosis.
Integrative plant holobiont studies for innovative and sustainable agriculture
Authors: Martinez Laila P. Partida
Published: September 2024

Plants do not live in isolation. Instead, they are holobionts that harbor a diverse and structured microbiota. Our research on the Agave and cacti microbiome shows that microorganisms influence these CAM perennial species' fitness, productivity, and tolerance to drought. These plant-microbe interactions allow us to understand plant and microbial biology while providing creative and sustainable solutions to the varied challenges imposed by climate change.
Elucidation of Biosynthetic pathway for the production of monotropein (potential neutraceutical) compound in blueberry
Authors: Kaur Ishveen
Published: September 2024

Blueberry is the second most important crop in the US, owing to increased awareness of its health benefits due to the presence of several bioactive compounds. One such plant bioactive compound is monotropein. It has been reported that monotropein is found in only three plant species, namely Monotropa Uniflora, Morinda officinalis (Vaccinium spp). Most work on monotropein has been done in Morinda officinalis where it has been shown to impart several human health benefits. Recent work has also identified monotropein in both wild and cultivated blueberries.

However, how monotropein is produced and the type of candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of monotropein in blueberries has yet to be elucidated. Our research group used bioinformatics, comparative genomics and protein engineering techniques to functionally characterize the ISY (Iridoid Synthase) gene. Transcriptome‐based identification and functional characterization of iridoid synthase revealed that it is co-expressed with UDP- glucuronosyltransferase, which is a likely downstream step in the formation of monotropein. Currently, we are focusing on functionally characterizing Geraniol Synthase (GES) gene, as recent work has found the expression of GES is significantly associated with the production of iridoids in other plant families.

Our overarching goal is to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of production of monotropein in blueberry to breed blueberries with higher production of monotropein.
幼兒園教師對人際互動展現美的精緻特質想法之個案研究
Authors: 吳雅玲 吳雅玲
Published: September 2024

本研究旨在探究幼兒園教師在人際互動的過程中，展現美的精緻特質的想法；本研究以公立喜悅國小附設幼兒園3位教師為研究對象，蒐集並分析訪談語料與文件等質性資料，以了解幼兒園教師在人際互動，展現美的精緻特質的想法。依據研究結果，歸納出幾點結論：幼兒園教師認為在人際互動中，宜考量當事者的感受與需求、精準的接收與傳遞訊息、人性化的思考與同理當事者等美的精緻特質的想法，以助益於系統性思考與讓人獲得愉悅的感受。最後，依據研究結果提出具體建議，供師資培育單位、教育現場之教育人員及未來研究者參酌。This study investigated the perceptions of refined beauty in interpersonal interactions among preschool teachers. Qualitative data extracted from interviews with three preschool teachers from the Affiliated Preschool of Pleasant Elementary School and relevant teaching materials were analyzed to gain insights into the perspectives of preschool teachers regarding the display of refined beauty in their interactions. The findings of this study revealed that preschool teachers attached importance to considering their colleagues’feelings and needs, accurately conveying and receiving information, embracing humanized thinking, and empathizing with others. These considerations were observed to promote systematic thinking and enhance colleagues’sense of pleasure. Finally, on the basis of the study findings, specific recommendations are proposed for teacher education institutions, educators, and future researchers.
Conservative management of spinal pathology with autologous conditioned serum: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Rajkovic Christian J , Merckling Matthew L , Lee Alyssa W , Subah Galadu , Malhotra Aryan , Thomas Zachary D , Zeller Sabrina L , Wainwright John V , Kinon Merritt D
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Chronic inflammatory pain is associated with increased expression of interleukin (IL)-1, an inflammatory cytokine, and activity on its receptor (IL-1R). In response, the body produces IL-1R antagonist (IL-1Ra) to reduce this signaling. Autologous conditioned serum (ACS) is the only biologic therapy for spinal pathologies that enhances the action of endogenous IL-1Ra reserves to improve symptoms. This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of ACS in treating pain and disability caused by spinal pathologies.

AIM

To evaluate the use of ACS as a conservative management option for spinal pathology.

METHODS

A systematic review of PubMed/Medline was performed to identify studies investigating administration of ACS for treatment of any spinal pathology.

RESULTS

Six articles were included, comprising 684 patients treated with epidural (n = 133) or transforaminal (n = 551) ACS injections. Patients had an average age of 54.0 years with slight female predominance (53.2%). The lumbar spine was most commonly treated, with 567 patients (82.9%) receiving injections for lumbar radiculopathy (n = 67), degenerative disc disease (DDD) (n = 372), or spinal stenosis (n = 128); cervical injections were performed in 109 patients (15.9%). Mean (SD) follow-up was 21.7 (4.8) weeks from first ACS injection. All studies investigating mechanical lumbar and lumbar or cervical radicular pain reported significant pain reduction at final follow-up compared to baseline. ACS achieved comparable or superior results to lumbar epidural steroid injections. Adverse events were reported in 21 patients (3.1%), with no serious adverse events.

CONCLUSION

ACS injection is a safe and effective intervention for pain reduction in many spinal pathologies, including cervical and lumbar radiculopathies.
Mapping supply chains for energy retrofit
Authors: Wade Faye , Han Yujia
Published: September 2024

This paper introduces social network analysis (SNA) to investigate retrofitting supply chains. It tests the approach by studying those undertaking whole-house retrofit of social housing in a case study city. Network visualisations and metrics including network density (overall connectedness), in-degree centrality (support needed to complete a task) and closeness centrality (speed of access to information) are used to compare how communication varies through different retrofit stages. The preliminary results indicate high density networks and strong ties amongst project leaders (the local authority and tier-one contractors), indicating the transfer of tacit, complex information. These project leaders retain a high closeness centrality throughout the retrofitting process, but there is uneven communication, with subcontractors experiencing infrequent communication and connection only to tier-one contractors. This does not necessarily hinder project success, but may indicate missed opportunities for shared learning. Further, as a quantitative mapping technique, SNA alone does not provide insight into the nature of the interactions taking place. The approach introduced here can be strengthened by incorporating analysis of the types of information exchanged and detailed qualitative insight into participants’ experiences of communication throughout a single retrofitting project.
Practice relevance
This paper develops an SNA approach to map the organisations involved in whole-house retrofitting in the social housing sector. The findings illustrate how patterns of communication change throughout the retrofitting process. The data show close collaboration between the project managers and tier-one contractors at the beginning (project definition) and end (commissioning and monitoring) of the retrofitting project. Tier-one contractors retain closeness to contractors during physical install, but the overall network is dispersed for this stage. For practitioners such as retrofitting project managers, the method can be used to understand how supply chains are coalescing under the PAS2035 standard, and indicate potential points where communication with and amongst contractors could be developed. The method could be powerfully combined with the evaluation of retrofitting outcomes to understand which types of supply chain structure are most effective in delivering successful retrofit.
Education Is A Key Tool In The Development Of Society And Educational Leadership And Is A Key Element For Effective School And Education
Authors: Hysa Ferit , Jakupi Rezak
Published: September 2024

Albanian society and the global society are facing more and more economic difficulties to ensure good well-being and mental health. These problems were created by the lack of human and material resources, but also by bad governance. The key instrument that improves the lives of citizens and regulates their governance is education. This study is based on qualitative research methodology and its analysis is that of comparative analysis in which the importance that other developed countries determine for school leadership, as well as the path followed for its development and continuous improvement, is compared. Through education, students can reach the best results and have prospects and development for their families and society too. At this time, after 20 centuries of development of society, the students must make many offers and try to challenge new circumstances that surround them. There are many fields to invest but investment in education is the most profitable area and key to success for a society. The school leader is the most important element in the educational system for the follow-up and implementation of all educational requirements and standards to achieve high results and increase the quality of education. Therefore, the preparation and building of school leaders through special programs is an important aspect of investment in education. The school leadership training program, considering the relevant training topics, is more like a reinforcement of the master's degree in teaching than a program for the formation and practice of educational leadership. The distribution of responsibilities of the structures of the educational system according to levels, the empowerment, and the increase of the responsibilities of the school leader are done through the construction of a new structure of educational leadership in the school.