bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Star Topology Convolution for Graph Representation Learning
Authors: Wu Chong , Feng Zhenan , Zheng Jiangbin , Zhang Houwang , Cao Jiawang , YAN Hong
Published: November 2020

We present a novel graph convolutional method called star topology convolution (STC). This method makes graph convolution more similar to conventional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in Euclidean feature space. Unlike most existing spectral convolutional methods, this method learns subgraphs which have a star topology rather than a fixed graph. It has fewer parameters in its convolutional filter and is inductive so that it is more flexible and can be applied to large and evolving graphs. As for CNNs in Euclidean feature space, the convolutional filter is localized and maintains a good weight sharing property. By introducing deep layers, the method can learn global features like a CNN. To validate the method, STC was compared to state-of-the-art spectral convolutional and spatial convolutional methods in a supervised learning setting on three benchmark datasets: Cora, Citeseer and Pubmed. The experimental results show that STC outperforms the other methods. STC was also applied to protein identification tasks and outperformed traditional and advanced protein identification methods.
How Can the United States Move toward Gender-Neutral Special Forces?: Lessons from the Norwegian Military
Authors: Loukou Mariah
Published: November 2020

Militaries serve as cornerstones of many nations, and often behaviors within these militaries are reflected in society, and vice-versa. This article discusses key instances of female soldiers serving in the U.S. military and, more specifically, U.S. special operations forces. Team Lioness, Female Engagement Teams (FETs), and Cultural Support Teams (CSTs) have demonstrated not only that women are capable of serving in frontline roles but also that there exists a need for them to serve in those roles. This leads to an examination of whether a separate system of training and education for female soldiers could add value to the U.S. military’s current training systems. This article also takes a close look at the Norwegian Special Operations Forces all-female unit Jegertroppen, or Hunter Troop, to assess its advantages and drawbacks. The article concludes that despite some drawbacks regarding long-term deployment, the Jegertroppen program confirms the advantages of a separate system of training and education for female soldiers that could perhaps benefit the U.S. military.
Optimalisasi Peran Guru PAUD dalam Pemantauan Tumbuh Kembang Balita dan Anak Prasekolah
Authors: Sari Dian Febrida , Muthia Gina , Syofiah Putri Nelly
Published: November 2020

The implementation of the SDIDnTK Program in Padang City was carried out in all Puskesmas Kota Padang. SDIDTK implementation since January-Jue 2018 in Nanggalo Public Health Center has only reached 61,34% of infants, only 88,14% toddlers, while in preschool children only 28,64%. For the implementation of this program, there are still workers who can be involved, one of which is a PAUD/TK teacher. But in reality, PAUD/TK teachers have not been further exposed about the implementation of this program. Therefore it is important to provide knowledge and skills to PAUD teachers about this SDIDTK, because several aspects are assessed, can be observed directly by the teacher. The teacher interacts with ank every day. The hope is that the findings of the growth and development of teachers can be informed to the health center staff every month. The solution offered in this activity is training on the implementation of the SDIDTK program for PAUD teachers and making a communication book. The steps taken are identifying the level of PAUD teacher’s knowledge of the SDIDTK Program followed by providing material about SDIDTK and working with the health center staff in evaluating the implementation of the program. Output in the form of publication of articles in the ISSN Journal of Communication Service, Social Media and improvement of community empowerment and strengthening of knowledge and development of community habits in helathy behavior.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN OPTIMAL PLACEMENT ALGORITHM FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL PROTECTION OF UNDERGROUND STEEL GAS PIPELINES
Authors: Medvedeva O. N. , Astashev S. I.
Published: November 2020

Statement of the problem. The paper considers the process of complex periodic corrosion inspection in order to assess the effectiveness and improve the operational reliability of the corrosion protection system (CPS) using the example of on-site technological networks of the underground gas storage Elshanskaya. Results. The technical condition of the electrochemical protection means, the level of active protection and the technical condition of pipelines of the underground gas storage were assessed, the object was protected by its length and time, and zones of negative influence of constant and stray currents were identified. A method is proposed for determining the optimal number and locations of cathodic protection stations (CPS). Conclusions. Based on the research results, a commissioning method is proposed that provides the optimal technological mode of operation of electrochemical protection means (EChP), and proposals have been developed to ensure the effectiveness of diagnostics and the safety of further operation of gas distribution pipelines. The implementation of this approach in the design of EChP facilities can lead to a significant reduction in energy consumption during operation.
MODELING THE SNOW DEPOSIT PROCESS ON THE HIGHWAYS IN THE FLOWVISION
Authors: Samodurova T. V. , Gladysheva O. V. , Alimova N. J. , Boncheva E. A.
Published: November 2020

Statement of the problem. The problems of snow deposit modeling on the highways with crash barriers during blizzards in the FlowVision. Results. The highway section passing in the embankment as an experimental section has been considered. The geometric model of the highway section was created. The information resources for creating a hydrodynamic model of snowflow stream of highway embankment with barrier barriers during blizzard were identified. The modeling of the snow deposit process in the experimental section using the FlowVision during blizzards with different parameters was carried out. Conclusions. It was concluded that it is possible to use the FlowVision to improve the methodology for snow protection designing and determining of snow removal parameters for winter road maintenance.
Uji Efektivitas GELL Obat Jerawat Dari Ekstrak Etanol Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Sari Herviani , Fahdi Firdaus
Published: November 2020

Bacterial infection is a major factor in causing acne. The causes of acne are many (multifactorial), including genetic, endocrine, dietary factors, the activity of the sebaceous glands themselves, psychological factors, mucin, infection by Propionibacterium acne, cosmetics, and other chemicals. Pare extract can be formulated as a gell pimple, which can inhibit the growth of propionibacterium acne. The samples in this study were gell preparations of the ethanol extract of bitter melon with a concentration of 5%, 7.5%, 10%. Based on the results obtained, the addition of the ethanol extract concentration of bitter melon fruit depends on the extract produced. The higher the concentration of gell preparations, the better it is to inhibit bacterial growth. The  results showing that pare fruit extract with a concetration of 5%, 7,5%, 10%, and as gell verile 0,025% get a variety of results. And a good resistance zone on the three concentrations that are most close to verile effectiveness is 10% concentration. In conclusion, bitter melon extract can be formulated as an acne medication that can inhibit the growth of the Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.
EFEKTIVITAS SALEP KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN BANGUN – BANGUN (Coleus amboinicus Lour.) DAN DAUN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) SEBAGAI OBAT LUKA SAYAT
Authors: Sari Rika Puspita
Published: November 2020

Bangun-bangun leaves and palm leaves contain various secondary metabolites such as tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids which can healing wound. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ointment combination of ethanol extract of leaves of bangun- bangun (Coleus amboinicus Lour.) And ethanol extract of palm leaves (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) In healing wound. The bangun- bangun leaves and the palm leaves are separated from the petiole and then dried in a drying cupboard so that it becomes a simplisia. Simplisia is extracted by maceration method then evaporated with a rotary evaporator and evaporated again on a water bath to produce a thick extract. Thick extracts from the leaves of bangun- bangun and palm leaves are then formulated into ointment preparations with varying concentrations. Each rabbit was shaved on its back then cleaned with 70% alcohol. Furthermore, rabbits were anesthetized using 0.5 ml Lidocain HCL as much as 0.5 ml subcutaneously. Next mark the part that will be injured with a diameter of 2 cm, by lifting the rabbit skin using tweezers and then made a wound using surgical scissors that have been sterilized first with 70% alcohol. Wound diameter measurements showed that all treatment groups from day 1 to day 23 experienced changes in wound diameter. The combination ointment of ethanol extract of leaves wake-up (EEDB) 10% and ethanol extract of palm oil leaves (EEDKS) 10% have a more effective effect in wound healing than single dose.
EFEK PENYEMBUHAN LUKA BAKAR GEL KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN AFRIKA (Vernonia Amygdalina) DAN EKSTRAKETANOLDAUNBANGUN–BANGUN(ColeusamboinicusLour)
Authors: Harahap Nina Irmayanti
Published: November 2020

african leaves ( Vernonia Amygdalina )and wake-up leaves (Coleus amboinicus Lour)are plants traditional plants that are used as medicine. Leaves african which is contain flavonoid, saponin, tanin and leaves wake up which is contain flavonoid, tanin, saponin and steroid. This study to find aims out as effect healing of burns.Method : Sample in this study was african leaves and wake-up leaves which were taken purposively without comparing sampel from other regions, then extrated by maceration using ethanol 96 %. Result : Testing of rhe healing effects of burns can be divided in five treatment, positive group using biolacenton , negatif group using basis gel and the last group using the extract ethanol gel EEDA and EEDB concentrations of 4%+2,5%,8%+5%,16%+10%. Given burns to the back of rabbits length with of 2cm, and the gel is applied twice a day for 11 day and diameter measured of the wound. Conclusion : The combination of EEDA and EEDA the ethanol extract the concentration of 16% + 10% was the effective control for healing burns. When compared bioplacenton gel as a healing wound in rabbit.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS GEL KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BANGUN-BANGUN (Coleus amboinicus L.) DAN DAUN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guieensis Jacq) SEBAGAI OBAT LUKA BAKAR TAHUN 2020
Authors: Gultom Evi Depiana
Published: November 2020

Coleus amboinicus L leaves and Elaeis guieensis Jacq leaves contain various secondary metabolites such as saponins, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids that function in wound healing. The purpose of this study was to determine the healing effect of burns using a gel preparation combination of ethanolic extract of Coleus amboinicus L. (EECAL)  And ethanolic extract of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (EEEGJ) In healing burns. Coleus amboinicus L leaves and Elaeis guieensis Jacq leaves contain are separated from the petiole and then dried in a drying cupboard so that it becomes a simplicia. Simplisia is extracted by maceration method then evaporated with a rotary evaporator and evaporated again on a water bath to produce a thick extract. EECAL and EEEGJ are then formulated into gel preparations with varying concentrations. Each rabbit was shaved on its back then cleaned with 70% alcohol. Furthermore, rabbits were anesthetized using 0.5 ml Lidocain HCL as much as 0.5 ml subcutaneously. Then mark the part that will be injured with a diameter of 2 cm, by lifting the rabbit skin using tweezers and then made a wound using a hot iron plate that has been sterilized beforehand with 70% alcohol. Wound diameter measurements showed that all treatment groups from day 1 to day 20 experienced changes in wound diameter. EECAL 15% and EEEGJ 10% have a more effective effect in healing of burn than in their single form.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIDEPRESAN EKSTRAK BATANG SERAI (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus)
Authors: Simorangkir Delisma
Published: November 2020

Depression is a mood disorder that is characterized by profound and sustained sadness and sadness until the loss of life passion. Lemongrass which contains eugenol is thought to have the potential as an antidepressant that works by inhibiting the Mono Amine Oxidase enzyme. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of antidepressant citronella extract (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) on male white mice. This study used 5 treatment groups namely CMC Na 0.5%, amitriptilyn, lemongrass extract dose 1.5 mg/kgBB, 15 mg/kgBB and 150 mg/kgBB. Antidepressant testing was determined based on immobility time using the forsed swim test method. Data analysis using statistics was tested for normality and continued with the One Way Anova method with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the most effective treatment group as an antidepressant was amitriptilyn followed by lemongrass extract dose 150 mg/kgBB. The conclusion of this study is that lemongrass extract dose 150 mg/kgBB has the effectiveness as an antidepressant but is no more effective than the comparison of amitrip
UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DARI KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa Paradisiaca) UNTUK PENYEMBUHAN LUKA SAYAT PADA TIKUS
Authors: Sembiring Bunga Mari
Published: November 2020

Banana peel turns out to have many benefits, one of which is that it can be used to accelerate the wound healing process. Banana peel (Musa Paradisiaca L.) ripe yellow skin is rich in flavonoid compounds, as well as other phenolic compounds, besides containing a lot of carbohydrates, minerals such as potassium and sodium and cellulose. This study aims to determine the wound healing effect of cuts using the Ethanol Extract of Kepok Banana Skins in Rats. Determine the concentration of ethanol extract of Kepok banana peel which is the most effective in healing wound cuts in mice. Knowing a significant difference to the acceleration of wound healing between ethanol extracts of Kepok banana peel and betadin. Research methods conducted included characterization, effectiveness test of ethanol extract of Kepok banana peel, manufacture of extract by maceration using ethanol 96% solvent, test of effectiveness of ethanol extract of kepok banana peel on cut wounds in mice. Data analysis using SPSS is Anova One Way Test. From the results of this study the ethanol extract of Kepok banana peel can have an effect on wound healing in mice. Ethanol extract of Kepok banana peel is faster than betadin in healing wound cuts in mice. Ethanol extract of Kepok banana peel with a dose of 750 Mg / kg BW is the most effective in healing wound cuts in rats.
the PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SIMETIDIN TERHADAP PROFIL FARMAKOKINETIKA PARASETAMOL DENGAN METODE HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC) TAHUN 2020
Authors: Surbakti Christica Ilsana
Published: November 2020

Paracetamol is a safe analgesic and antipyretic drug with low side effects, effective and well tolerated. In some cases there is a drug interaction between paracetamol and other drugs. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of cimetidine administration on paracetamol pharmacokinetic profiles. The method used in this study was an experimental method using 3 rabbits. Rabbits are divided into 3 groups. The first treatment group was given paracetamol suspension, the second treatment group was giving cimetidine 1 hour before paracetamol and the third group was giving cimetidine and paracetamol simultaneously. The dose of the drug has been adjusted to each rabbit. Measurement of plasma paracetamol drug levels was carried out using a High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) tool. The results of the study showed that the pharmacokinetic parameter values ​​did not show any significant effect on each group. Cimetidine administration simultaneously affects paracetamol pharmacokinetic parameters but not significantly. Likewise with the administration with a time span of 1 hour, did not show any significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol.
Penentuan Lebar Chain Pillar Pada Tambang Batubara Shortwall Mining
Authors: Putri Ratih Hardini Kusuma
Published: November 2020

Penambangan batubara dengan metode shortwall memiliki resiko terhadap keruntuhan atap lubang bukaan dan panel penambangan. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh factor kestabilan dari lubang bukaan dan juga pilar sebagai penyangga alamiah pada area penambangan. Dengan adanya permasalahan tersebut diperlukan suatu kajian geoteknik terhadap rancangan pilar batubara bawah tanah, agar kegiatan penambangan dapat dikerjakan dengan aman dan lancar. Analisis kestabilan chain pillar menggunakan metode tradisional Obert dan Duvall (1967), dan Bienawski (1983).Penentuan desain lebar chain pillar dianalisis secara analitik. Berdasarkan acuan dalam penentuan rancangan pilar Hoek. E, Kaiser. P.K, dan Bawden.W.F., 1993, dengan ukuran lebar pilar, yaitu Safety Factor > 1.3.
Laboratório de ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA na educação básica e na formação inicial e continuada de professores
Authors: Silva Daniela , Arquieres Darling
Published: November 2020

Este livro se constitui em uma coletânea e traz reflexões acerca do papel do Laboratório de Ensino de Matemática em diferentes situações. Seus capítulos trazem reflexões de professores de todo o Brasil dentro desta temática. Ao final da leitura deste livro o (a) leitor(a) terá uma visão global do ensino de Matemática no laboratório em múltiplas dimensões.
AN EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PHASES OF DA'WAH ACTIVITIES BY NOTABLE SHAYKHS IN OJO TOWN, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Paramole Kabir
Published: November 2020

This paper documents and also evaluates the different phases of da'wah activities by some notable late and old Arabic and Islamic scholars in an ancient town called Ojo. It has been established that, idol worshipping was predominant among the Aworis in Ojo before the advent of Islam there. But with the coming of Islam as a rescue train, da'wah methods were explored by these religious proselytizers not only to gather people into the fold of Islam, but also to orientate them to the fundamental principles of the religion. These da'wah activities underwent various changes in Ojo due to some influencing factors such as the roles of Du'aat, continuous transformation of individual ideologies, etc. The study observed that in order to achieve proper, commendable, reward able and effective da'wah activities in Ojo, modern methodology with sound knowledge of both Arabic and Islamic studies which must be complemented by English language should be acquired by the contemporary and prospective da'wah workers in this progressive locality. It, therefore, recommends that, inclusion of interfaith relationship, meaningful dialogue, economic empowerment, career counseling, purposeful leadership seminars, visitations to orphanages, hospitals, prisons, etc, should form part of their da'wah activities. 

Key words:Da'wah, Ojo Town, Activities, Daa'i,  Scholars, Different.
KENAIKAN HARGA BARANGAN DAN IMPAKNYA TERHADAP PENDUDUK B40 DI MUAR, JOHOR
Authors: Che Rose Rosniza Aznie , Mutsamy Rajeswary
Published: November 2020

Muar is a town which is rapidly growing along with the economic development that contributes to the rising prices of goods and services. The hike of the commodity prices has led to a sharp rise in the index of consumer prices and inflation. This situation has significantly impacted the community especially on the B40 group due to insufficient income to afford the high cost of living. On that note, the increase in prices of goods causes the rise of their expenditure and affects their savings. The aim of this study is to identify the impact of rising prices on goods to the B40’s group income as well as their life sustainability and to propose appropriate measures to increase the savings of these population in Muar, Johore. Quantitative method using questionnaire instrument was applied as research methodology by distributing to 100 respondents of the B40 group comprising various races around Muar. Studies have also shown that the survival rate of this group is affected and therefore consumers are forced to adapt their lifestyle to the current cost of living. To overcome this issue, most of the respondents agreed to be prudent by purchasing low quality goods and only prioritizing those necessary items.

Keywords: predunt, living standard, life sustainability, purchasing power, B40 population, inflation

 

Abstrak: Bandar Muar merupakan sebuah kawasan yang semakin maju seiring dengan pembangunan ekonomi yang turut menyumbang kepada peningkatan harga barang dan perkhidmatan. Kenaikan harga barang secara berterusan sejak kebelakangan ini telah menyebabkan indeks harga pengguna dan kadar inflasi meningkat dengan ketara. Situasi ini memberi kesan yang besar kepada kehidupan rakyat terutamanya golongan B40 akibat ketidakcukupan pendapatan untuk menampung kos hidup yang tinggi. Peningkatan harga barang turut meningkatkan perbelanjaan pengguna serta menjejaskan tabungan mereka. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti impak kenaikan harga barangan terhadap pendapatan, mengenalpasti tahap kelangsungan hidup serta mencadangkan langkah yangbersesuaian bagi meningkatkan tabungan penduduk B40 di Muar, Johor. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan ialah kaedah kuantitatif melalui instrumen soal selidik kepada 100 responden golongan B40 yang merangkumi pelbagai bangsa di sekitar kawasan Muar. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kenaikan harga barang telah menjejaskan nilai pendapatan benar golongan B40 akibat peningkatan kos sara hidup serta perubahan kuasa beli dan taraf hidup mereka. Kajian juga mendapati bahawa tahap kelangsungan hidup golongan ini turut terjejas dan pengguna terpaksa beradaptasi diri mereka seiring dengan kos hidup semasa. Namun, bagi menangani isu ini, sebahagian besar responden bertindak untuk berjimat cermat dengan membeli barangan yang berkualiti rendah serta mengutamakan barangan yang penting.

Kata Kunci: barangan, kos sara hidup, kelangsungan hidup, pendapatan, penduduk B40, tabungan
Analysis of Islamic Legal Rulings Relating to Women Activities During Waiting Period (Iddah) of Revocable Divorce (Talaq Raj’ie) According to Muslim Jurists
Authors: Razali Mastura , Hadigunawan Nurhanisah , Jamil Atiratun Nabilah
Published: November 2020

‘Iddah or waiting period is a specific period stipulated for a woman who was divorced or after the death of her husband. It is an aspect that needs to be observed after a divorce occurs, other than maintenance and custody. In reality, many women who are observing the waiting period are involved in a career and social activities which leaves certain implications and creates challenges as to the actual process of waiting period as stipulated by Islam. Hence, this conceptual paper aims to review the sharī‘ah rulings on some common activities that these women who are separated by revocable divorce were involved in, such as in the aspects of career, appearance and celebratory occasions. Qualitative methodology was adopted by collecting and analyzing Muslim jurists' opinions on social activities that the women who are observing waiting period of revocable divorce are involved in. This study found that the opinions of Muslim jurists and their discourse on legal sources on the basis of legal objectives (Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah) can determine the status of involvement in social activities among women who were revocably divorced and observing the waiting period.
A Study of Mosque Mimbar Entrance
Authors: Yusof Ahmad Faisol , Nordin Tajul Edrus , Mohd Zaki Mohd Zikri , Samsudin Nor Syamimi
Published: November 2020

One of the mosque component or elements is mimbar. Mimbar is a place where khatib giving khutbah or speech. This research is about a study of mosque mimbar entrance. The aim of study is to identify mosque mimbar entrance typology. This study through observation of Mosque mimbar around Kota Setar district. Data collected by taking photograph and site visit. As a result, based on data collected shows that there are several type of mosque mimbar entrance which is entrance from front, side and from back. Most of the mosque mimbar entrance is from the front which is facing qiblat.
[Approaches to Islamic Psychospiritual Therapy among Female Students: A General Review in Uitm Pahang, Campus Jengka] Pendekatan Terapi Psikospiritual Islam di Kalangan Pelajar Wanita: Suatu Tinjauan Umum di Uitm Pahang, Kampus Jengka
Authors: Mohd Zahari Siti Zafrina , Othman @Seman Muhammad Muzakir , Molkan @Malkan Siti Norma Aisyah , Che Hassan Nurul Hidayah
Published: November 2020

Women and scholarly aspects are as closely intertwined as possible in maintaining the harmony of Islamic civilization. However, challenges like physical and spiritual health can interfere with the process of establishing Islamic civilization. This study aims to look at the extent to which the approach to Islamic psychospiritual at the UiTM Pahang Jengka Campus is conducted specifically for female students with spiritual problems. This study also highlights the general helath care process of student on campus before being treated with Islamic psychospiritual therapy. Studies show that the UiTM Pahang Jengka Campus has taken the right initiative in maintaining student engagement on campus. This has led to a more positive change in the holistic life of students.

Wanita dan aspek keilmuan ibarat ikatan yang saling berpadu dalam memastikan keharmonian tamadun Islam. Namun, cabaran seperti masalah kesihatan jasmani dan rohani boleh mengganggu proses pembentukan tamadun Islam itu. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana pendekatan terapi psikospiritual Islam di Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Pahang Kampus Jengka yang dilakukan khusus bagi pelajar wanita yang mengalami masalah kerohanian. Kajian ini juga memaparkan proses rawatan kesihatan pelajar secara umum di kampus sebelum dirawat dengan kaedah terapi psikospiritual Islam. Kajian mendapati UiTM Pahang Kampus Jengka telah mengambil inisiatif yang tepat dalam usaha menjaga kemaslahatan pelajar di kampus. Seterusnya membawa suatu perubahan yang lebih positif dalam kehidupan pelajar secara holistik.
Optimization of Spray Drying Parameters for White Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus undatus) Juice Powder using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Norzaida
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted to optimize the production of spray-dried white dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) powder using resistant maltodextrin as wall material. The inlet air temperature (140 °C, 150 °C and 160 °C), outlet temperature (75 °C, 80 °C and 85 °C) and resistant maltodextrin concentrations (20%, 25% and 30%) were tested as independent variables. Process yield, moisture content, water activity, solubility, hygroscopicity and bulk density of the powders were analysed as responses. Process yield significantly (p<0.05) increased with increasing inlet temperature and decreasing resistant maltodextrin concentration. Outlet temperature and resistant maltodextrin concentration significantly (p<0.05) reduced the moisture content and water activity of the white dragon fruit powder. Powder solubility and hygroscopicity significantly (p<0.05) increased as inlet and outlet temperature increased. Bulk density values decreased as inlet and outlet temperature increased. An optimum conditions for spray dried white dragon fruit powder that would produce high in yield, low moisture content, low water activity, high solubility, low hygroscopicity and high bulk density were found at 153 °C inlet temperature, 82 °C outlet temperature and 20% concentration.
Repeat Rate Analysis Of Lower Limb Radiograph For Digital Radiography In General Radiography At Pantai Klang Hospital Selangor
Authors: NURUL FADHLINA ISMAIL
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Assessing the repeat rate is crucial to reduce unnecessary dose to the patient by identifying the major cause for repeating the x-rays exposure to the patient and apply corrective measures Aim: to analyse the repeat rate of routine lower limb projections in direct digital radiography (DR) from general radiology department of Pantai Klang Hospital. Methods: 26 months retrospective repeated radiograph was acquired from Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) at Hospital Pantai Klang. The retrieved radiographs were grouped based on the reason for the i radiographs being rejected which are incorrect positioning, incorrect collimation, patient movement, incorrect exposure factors, artefact, and other reasons. Results: Total repeated radiographs retrieved for basic lower limbs projections were 13616. Knee was the highest repeted examination and the lowest repeat rate was tibia fibula. (repeat rate: knee = 1.04%, tibia fibula = 0.57%).  incorrect positioning is the major causes for repeat exposure for all examinations type, followed by incorrect collimation, other categories, centring ray error, incorrect exposure factors and artifact.
Assessment of antibody responses to Newcastle disease vaccination in Nigerian indigenous chicken lines selected for sheep red blood cell antigen
Authors:   1Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria 2Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Adenaike A.S. , Adenaike O.D. , Opoola M.A. , Ikeobi C.O.N.
Published: November 2020

This research was carried out to evaluate serum haemagglutination inhibition antibody titres to a Newcastle disease virus vaccine in two Nigerian indigenous chicken lines selected for sheep red blood cell antigens. One hundred Nigerian indigenous chickens were used. These chickens belonged to the fourth generation of flock that had been divergently distinguished into a high antibody titre chicken line (HATC) and a low antibody titre chicken line (LATC). Chicks were given a NDV vaccine at six weeks of age, while blood samples were collected from each chick at seven days post-administration. The antibody titres of chicks were determined through a haemagglutination inhibition test and the data collected were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS 9.2 version. It was found that sex had no significant effect on the antibody titre values (p>0.05), while the genetic line and sex by genetic line interaction had significant effects on the antibody titre values. Female chicks of LATC recorded a significantly lower ND antibody titre (4.21+0.47) compared to HATC females (8.04+2.02). Also, male chicks of LATC recorded a significantly lower ND antibody titre (4.26+1.20) compared to HATC males (7.25+0.48). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between male and female chicks of LATC as well as between male and female chicks of HATC. Based on the differences observed in ND antibody titres between the genetic lines, emphasis should be placed on policies to develop HATC and LATC along ND resistance. Therefore, we recommend that when considering ND infection which exerts substantial losses to the poultry industry, HATC should be favoured over LATC.
MIGRATION FACTOR OF TRANSFORMATION OF THE POLITICAL LANDSCAPE IN THE EU COUNTRIES
Authors: Agafoshin M. M.
Published: November 2020

The paper considers the impact of the European migration crisis, expressed in the intensification of migration flows from the Middle East (Syria and Iraq), on the change EU member States populations’ electoral preferences. The study reviews the elections to the European Parliament in 2009–2019. In addition, the article surveys the attitude of residents of EU countries to immigration and, in particular, to immigration from Muslim countries. The paper proves a tendency to increase the representation of anti-migrant parties, both at the European level and at the countries level.
Plaučių vėžio spindulinio gydymo galimybės
Authors: Jaruševičius Laimonas , Juozaitytė Elona
Published: November 2020

Efektyvus ir sėkmingas lokalus plaučių vėžio spindulinis gydymas gali turėti įtakos sergančiųjų gyvenimo trukmei. Šiuolaikinių spindulinės terapijos technologijų dėka pavyksta optimizuoti jonizuojančiosios spinduliuotės dozę navikui, tausojant aplinkinius audinius. Tiksliau vizualizuojant naviką spindulinio gydymo metu, galima siekti mažesnės sveikų audinių apšvitos bei didesnio jonizuojančiosios spinduliuotės poveikio navikui. Taikant didelių dozių spindulinę terapiją labai svarbu įvertinti ir kompensuoti pacientų pozicionavimo paklaidas, kvėpavimo judesių sąlygotą organų judėjimą. Spindulinėje terapijoje taikomos naujos technologijos atveria galimybes labai tiksliam naviko apšvitinimui. Šioje apžvalgoje norima trumpai supažindinti su šiuolaikinės spindulinės terapijos galimybėmis ir patirtimi gydant plaučių vėžį.
Idiopatinės plaučių fibrozės gydymas pirfenidonu
Authors: Kaletkienė Aušra
Published: November 2020

Idiopatinė plaučių fibrozė (IPF) yra lėtinė, progresuojanti, negrįžtama ir mirtina liga. Pacientų, sergančių šia liga, vidutinė tikėtina gyvenimo trukmė yra 2–5 metai nuo jos diagnozavimo. IPF eiga dažnai yra nenuspėjama: kai kurių pacientų plaučių funkcija blogėja laipsniškai keletą metų, kitiems liga neprogresuoja keletą mėnesių ar net metų, o daliai sergančiųjų būklė blogėja labai greitai. Kartais IPF eiga būna ir banguojanti, kai būklė kurį laiką išlieka stabili, tačiau dažnai kartojasi paūmėjimai, bloginantys plaučių funkciją. Siekiant įvertinti ligos stadiją yra matuojama forsuota gyvybinė plaučių talpa (FVC) ir lyties, amžiaus ir fiziologijos (GAP) indeksas. Šis indeksas apskaičiuojamas naudojant keturis kintamuosius – lytį, amžių, FVC ir dujų difuzijos tyrimo rodiklius. GAP indeksu yra vertinama mirštamumo nuo IPF rizika.
Optimization Of Heat And Mass Exchange Processes In Processing A Cell Of Oil Crops
Authors:   Candidate Of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department Of Machinery And Equipment For Food And Chemical Industries, Bukhara Engineering-Technological Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Saidmuratov U.A.
Published: November 2020

One of the promising areas in the technology of oilseed processing is electro physical processing methods. The use of electrophysical processing methods dramatically accelerates the flow of processes, increases labor productivity, reduces the need for production facilities, and in some cases reduces energy consumption. Based on the foregoing, it is possible to formulate the main goal of studying the process of heat treatment of cotton seed mint in a two-phase flow: to identify rational conditions for the process, to outline rational ways for effective structural design of the apparatus for heat treatment of cotton seed mint. Achieving this goal should ensure a reduction in the energy and material consumption of the process, an increase in the yield of black oil, an improvement in the quality indicators of the final products and working conditions of the staff. The analysis of technological processes occurring in a single biological cell of peppermint of cotton seeds is important, among other things, because it allows us to outline ways of choosing and synthesizing optimal process parameters, and to develop highly efficient plants. However, the solution to the problems of optimization of continuous heat and mass transfer (HMT) processes occurring in apparatuses or installations as a whole as L-optimization is labor intensive, since when considering complex HMT systems, the number of optimizing factors increases. In the systems under consideration, the number of main factors exceeds 20, even if they vary at two levels, more alternative options are required for optimization. The functional decomposition of optimization problems was carried out based on the hierarchical structure of the HMT systems, in which the hydrodynamic structure of the interacting flows is considered as the main central subsystem-processes, which are subsequently divided into more than elementary heat and mass transfer (HMT) processes. Optimization of the lower levels of technological plants for the implementation of solid-state processes is considered for IR - roasting in a solvent medium (IR-LCMSR).
Surkhan Oasis In The Bronze Age
Authors:   Teacher, Department Of History Of Uzbekistan And Source Studies Of Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Safarov Baxtiyor Sattarovich
Published: November 2020

The Surkhandarya oasis, located in the southern part of Central Asia, is a favorable area for agriculture due to its geographic location and climate. In the Bronze Age, a sedentary agricultural culture was formed in the oasis, which was called the Sapalli culture. In this article, the economic, social and cultural life of the oasis in the Bronze Age is scientifically studied on the basis of archeological sources.
The Lawyer In The Press Tribune (The Position Of Ubaydulla Asadullakhojaev In The History Of The Uzbek National Press)
Authors:   Candidate Of Philological Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Department Of “Media Theory And Practice”, Journalism And Mass Communication University Of Uzbekistan, Halimova Sayyora Halimova
Published: November 2020

This article describes the activities of the first Uzbek lawyer, the Minister of War of the Turkestan Autonomy Ubaydulla Asadullakhojaev during the struggle against the Tsarist and Soviet governments. In particular, his editorial and journalistic activities in the national newspaper “Sadoi Turkisto”", published in Turkestan in the early twentieth century, are analyzed. Asadullakhojaev, as a lawyer, also fought hard to increase the legal literacy and culture of the local population. He tried to expose the abominable image of the policy of tyranny on the basis of the law.
Analytical power calculations for structural equation modeling: A tutorial and Shiny app
Authors: Jak Suzanne , Jorgensen Terrence D. , Verdam Mathilde G. E. , Oort Frans J. , Elffers Louise
Published: November 2020

Conducting a power analysis can be challenging for researchers who plan to analyze their data using structural equation models (SEMs), particularly when Monte Carlo methods are used to obtain power. In this tutorial, we explain how power calculations without Monte Carlo methods for the χ2 test and the RMSEA tests of (not-)close fit can be conducted using the Shiny app “power4SEM”. power4SEM facilitates power calculations for SEM using two methods that are not computationally intensive and that focus on model fit instead of the statistical significance of (functions of) parameters. These are the method proposed by Satorra and Saris (Psychometrika 50(1), 83–90, 1985) for power calculations of the likelihood ratio test, and that described by MacCallum, Browne, and Sugawara (Psychol Methods 1(2) 130–149, 1996) for RMSEA-based power calculations. We illustrate the use of power4SEM with examples of power analyses for path models, factor models, and a latent growth model.
Realistic precision and accuracy of online experiment platforms, web browsers, and devices
Authors: Anwyl-Irvine Alexander , Dalmaijer Edwin S. , Hodges Nick , Evershed Jo K.
Published: November 2020

Due to increasing ease of use and ability to quickly collect large samples, online behavioural research is currently booming. With this popularity, it is important that researchers are aware of who online participants are, and what devices and software they use to access experiments. While it is somewhat obvious that these factors can impact data quality, the magnitude of the problem remains unclear. To understand how these characteristics impact experiment presentation and data quality, we performed a battery of automated tests on a number of realistic set-ups. We investigated how different web-building platforms (Gorilla v.20190828, jsPsych v6.0.5, Lab.js v19.1.0, and psychoJS/PsychoPy3 v3.1.5), browsers (Chrome, Edge, Firefox, and Safari), and operating systems (macOS and Windows 10) impact display time across 30 different frame durations for each software combination. We then employed a robot actuator in realistic set-ups to measure response recording across the aforementioned platforms, and between different keyboard types (desktop and integrated laptop). Finally, we analysed data from over 200,000 participants on their demographics, technology, and software to provide context to our findings. We found that modern web platforms provide reasonable accuracy and precision for display duration and manual response time, and that no single platform stands out as the best in all features and conditions. In addition, our online participant analysis shows what equipment they are likely to use.
Ecological and faunistic features of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) in different types of habitats in the Dinaric karst area (Central Croatia)
Authors: Cerjanec Darko , Kučinić Mladen , Vilenica Marina , Ćukušić Anđela , Ćuk Renata , Ibrahimi Halil , Vučković Ivan , Žalac Sanja , Ruk Damir
Published: November 2020

Caddisfly faunistic and ecological features were studied at 14 sampling sites along the catchment area of the Dobra River. Adults were collected monthly, over a period of 13 months (from early November 2009 until the end of November 2010), using ultraviolet (UV) light trap and entomological net. Physico-chemical parameters of water and air were also measured at all sampling sites. The study encompassed several segments of caddisfly fauna: the composition, new records, the distribution of all recorded species and seasonal dynamics. A total number of 77 species were recorded, out of which 15 species and four genera were new records for Croatian caddisfly fauna. The CCA analysis showed that the water temperature and the altitude had the highest impact on distribution of caddisfly fauna in this area. The results of this study contribute to the increase of faunistic and ecological knowledge of the Croatian caddisflies.
Spectral Signatures of PeVatrons
Authors: Celli Silvia , Aharonian Felix , Gabici Stefano
Published: November 2020

We analyze the energy distributions of final (stable) products—gamma rays, neutrinos, and electrons—produced in inelastic proton–proton collisions in the PeV energy regime. We also calculate the energy spectrum of synchrotron radiation from secondary electrons, assuming that these are promptly cooled in the surrounding magnetic field. We show that the synchrotron radiation has an energy distribution much shallower than that of primary protons, hence we suggest taking advantage of such a feature in the spectral analysis of the highest-energy (cutoff) emission region from particle accelerators. For a broad range of energy distributions in the parent protons, we propose simple analytical presentations for the spectra of secondaries in the cutoff region. These results can be used in the interpretation of high-energy radiation from PeVatrons—cosmic-ray factories accelerating protons to energies up to 1 PeV.
Stellar Populations of a Sample of Optically Selected AGN-host Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Cai Wei , Zhao 赵应 Yinghe 和 , Zhang Hong-Xin , Bai Jin-Ming , Liu Hong-Tao
Published: November 2020

In this paper we present our studies on the stellar populations and star formation histories (SFHs) for the Reines et al. sample of 136 dwarf galaxies that host active galactic nuclei (AGNs), selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 8. We derive stellar populations and reconstruct SFHs for these AGN-host dwarfs using the stellar population synthesis code STARLIGHT. Our results suggest that these AGN-host dwarfs have assembled their stellar masses within a narrow period of time with the stellar mass-weighted ages in the range of 109–1010 yr, but show a wide diversity of SFHs with the luminosity-weighted stellar ages in the range of 107–1010 yr. The old population (t > 109 yr) contributes most to the galaxy light for the majority of the sample; the young population (t < 108 yr) also appears in significant but widely varying fractions, while the intermediate-age population (108 < t < 109 yr) in general contributes less to the optical continuum at 4020 Å. We also find that these dwarfs follow a similar mass–metallicity relation to normal star-forming galaxies, indicating that AGNs have little effect on the chemical evolution of the host galaxy. We further investigate the relation between the derived SFHs and morphology of the host galaxy, and find no correlation. Comparing the SFHs with the luminosity of the [O iii] λ5007 line (

), we find a mild correlation exists when

erg s−1, indicating a physical connection between star formation and AGN activities in these dwarf galaxies.
A New Parameterization of the Star Formation Rate Dense Gas Mass Relation: Embracing Gas Density Gradients
Authors: Parmentier G. , Pasquali A.
Published: November 2020

It is well established that a gas density gradient inside molecular clouds and clumps raises their star formation rate (SFR) compared with what they would experience from a gas reservoir of uniform density. This effect should be observed in the relation between dense-gas mass M

dg
and SFR of molecular clouds and clumps, with steeper gas density gradients yielding higher SFR/M

dg
ratios. The content of this paper is twofold. First, we build on the notion of a magnification factor introduced by Parmentier to redefine the dense-gas relation (i.e., the relation between M

dg
and SFR). Not only does the SFR/M

dg
ratio depend on the mean freefall time of the gas and on its (intrinsic) star formation efficiency per freefall time, but it also depends on the clump density profile (e.g., the logarithmic slope

of the gas density profile and on the relative extent of the constant-density region at the clump center). Second, we show that nearby molecular clouds follow the newly defined dense-gas relation, provided that their dense-gas mass is defined based on a volume density criterion. We also find the same trend for the dense molecular clouds of the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy, although this one is scaled down by a factor of 10 compared with nearby clouds, even when including the Sgr C and Sgr B2 clouds. The respective locii of both nearby and CMZ clouds in the

parameter space is discussed.
Examining the Magnetic Geometry of Magnetic Flux Ropes from the View of Single-point Analysis
Authors: Zhang Chi , Rong Zhaojin , Shen Chao , Klinger Lucy , Gao Jiawei , Slavin James A. , Zhang Yongcun , Cui Jun , Wei Yong
Published: November 2020

Magnetic flux ropes, characterized as magnetic field lines that wrap and rotate around a central axis, are observed ubiquitously in the space-plasma environment. Accurately examining the physical parameters (e.g., axis orientation, helical handedness, current density, curvature radius, and size) of flux ropes is essential for studying their evolution and associated dynamics. The geometric parameters of flux ropes can be resolved by a cluster of at least four spacecraft with the separation scale much smaller than the flux ropes. However, most spacecraft missions are of single-point measurements, especially for the missions on other planets (e.g., Mars, Venus, Mercury), thus, the method for investigating the flux ropes based on single-point measurements becomes particularly important. A single-point method that infers the axis orientation of flux ropes was recently developed by Rong et al. Here, we apply this method to study two flux ropes observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS), one close to the force-free field and the other close to the non-force-free field, by comparing them with the multipoint analysis of MMS. Our study demonstrates that, apart from axis orientation, the method of Rong et al. can reasonably infer the current density, curvature radius of magnetic field, and the transverse size of flux ropes. We discussed the main error sources of calculated parameters, and suggest that it is worthwhile to widely apply the method by Rong et al. to single-point spacecraft missions for the purpose of examining the geometry and dynamics of flux ropes.