bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DBS targeting for essential tremor using intersectional dentato-rubro-thalamic tractography and direct proton density visualization of the VIM: technical note on 2 cases
Authors: Morrison Melanie A. , Lee Anthony T. , Martin Alastair J. , Dietiker Cameron , Brown Ethan G. , Wang Doris D.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

Direct visualization of the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus on standard MRI sequences remains elusive. Therefore, deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery for essential tremor (ET) indirectly targets the VIM using atlas-derived consensus coordinates and requires awake intraoperative testing to confirm clinical benefits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of proton density (PD)–weighted MRI and tractography of the intersecting dentato-rubro-thalamic tract (DRTT) for direct “intersectional” targeting of the VIM in ET.

METHODS

DBS targets were selected by identifying the VIM on PD-weighted images relative to the DRTT in 2 patients with ET. Tremor reduction was confirmed with intraoperative clinical testing. Intended target coordinates based on the direct intersectional targeting technique were compared with consensus coordinates obtained with indirect targeting. Pre- and postoperative tremor scores were assessed using the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin tremor rating scale (TRS).

RESULTS

Planned DBS coordinates based on direct versus indirect targeting of the VIM differed in both the anteroposterior (range 0 to 2.3) and lateral (range −0.7 to 1) directions. For 1 patient, indirect targeting—without PD-weighted visualization of the VIM and DRTT—would have likely resulted in suboptimal electrode placement within the VIM. At the 3-month follow-up, both patients demonstrated significant improvement in tremor symptoms subjectively and according to the TRS (case 1: 68%, case 2: 72%).

CONCLUSIONS

Direct intersectional targeting of the VIM using PD-weighted imaging and DRTT tractography is a feasible method for DBS placement in patients with ET. These advanced targeting techniques can supplement awake intraoperative testing or be used independently in asleep cases to improve surgical efficiency and confidence.
Microendoscopic decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis caused by facet-joint cysts: a novel technique with a cyst-dyeing protocol and cohort comparison study
Authors: Murata Shizumasa , Minamide Akihito , Takami Masanari , Iwasaki Hiroshi , Okada Sae , Nonaka Kento , Taneichi Hiroshi , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Simpson Andrew K. , Yamada Hiroshi
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

Facet cysts may represent a sign of intrinsic facet disease and instability, increasing the importance of less-invasive approaches that limit tissue dissection and improve visualization. The authors developed an intraoperative cyst-dyeing technique, involving the injection of indigo carmine from the facet joint into the cyst, as an adjunct during decompression. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and perioperative complication rates of microendoscopic spinal decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and lumbar foraminal stenosis (LFS), caused by facet cysts and to elucidate the efficacy of the cyst-dyeing method in microendoscopic surgery for facet cysts.

METHODS

Forty-eight consecutive patients who underwent surgical treatment with microendoscopic decompression for symptomatic LSS or LFS caused by facet cysts from 2011 to 2018 were reviewed. These patients were divided into two groups: a group that did not receive dye (N), with the patients undergoing surgery from April 2011 to May 2015; and a group that received dye (D), with patients undergoing surgery from June 2015 to March 2018. The authors evaluated the operative time, blood loss, perioperative complications, visual analog scale scores for low-back and leg pain, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores. Surgical outcome was evaluated 2 years postoperatively and was compared between groups D and N.

RESULTS

The clinical outcomes were generally excellent or good. Group N consisted of 36 patients and group D of 12 patients. Comparing the clinical results, it was found that the cyst-dyeing method reduced the perioperative complication rate, including reduction in dural tears to 0%, and shortened the average operative time by approximately 40 minutes.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, the authors demonstrated that the clinical outcomes of microendoscopic spinal decompression in patients with LSS or LFS caused by facet-joint cysts are generally favorable. Additionally, the adjunctive cyst-dyeing method effectively delineated the cystic and dural boundaries, facilitating safer and more effective cyst separation and neural decompression. Microendoscopic surgery combined with this novel facet cyst-dyeing method is a safe and effective minimally invasive technique for facet-joint cysts.
Economic Implications of Digital Transformation
Authors: Mura Rita , Sternieri Armando
Published: January 2021

In a firm perspective the simply availability of digital systems does not necessarily lead to success. On the contrary, it requires that firms accompany digital resources with the development of best organizational practices which implicates a transformation in term of e.g. organizational changes and innovation. Digital technologies allow companies to improve productivity in two ways: by making hard improvements that dramatically increase the efficiency of intelligent machine and processes, and by making soft improvements that increase the efficiency of people working together. The paper highlights various discussions on the relationship between ICT investment and productivity. However, this framework has outlined a relatively more cohesive body of thought which, by seeking to overcome the controversial concept of the productivity paradox, highlights the existence of a significant relationship, not just between ICT and productivity, but also between certain multiplying variables which represent ICT and other complementary factors.
The Doctrine of Intelligent Doing in the Letters of Saint Theophan the Recluse to the Monastics
Authors: Капалин Климент
Published: January 2021

Цель данной статьи - выявить особенности представлений о внутренней молитве свт. Феофана Затворника, известного в Церкви аскета и учителя молитвы. для этого изучаются его письма, поскольку епископ, уйдя в затвор, не только занимался богомыслием и изучением святых отцов древней Церкви, но также вел активную переписку с разными людьми: и мирянами, и монашествующими. в переписке он поднимает разные темы, но особое внимание уделяет молитве. в настоящей статье дается анализ наставлений о молитве, содержащихся в письмах к восьми адресатам. все эти лица проходили подвиг православной исихии и к святителю Феофану обращались с вопросами об умном делании. епископ не излагает целостного понимания молитвы, а в каждом письме, отвечая на вопросы, раскрывает её отдельные стороны. некоторые из изученных в статье писем уже были опубликованы в разных изданиях, а некоторые ещё не были изданы и хранятся в архиве Свято-Пантелеимонова монастыря на Афоне. результатом исследования стал вывод: учение святителя Феофана о внутренней молитве, основанное на личном прохождении подвига исихии, не привносит ничего принципиально нового в учение древних аскетов, но актуализирует святоотеческую мудрость для современников.

The purpose of this article is to identify the features of the ideas of the inner prayer of the SVT. Theophanes the Recluse, a well-known ascetic and teacher of prayer in the Church. For this purpose, his letters are studied, since the Bishop, having gone into retirement, was not only engaged in divine thought and the study of the Holy fathers of the Ancient Church, but also conducted an active correspondence with various people: both laymen and monastics. In correspondence, he raises various topics, but pays special attention to prayer. This article provides an analysis of the teachings about prayer, contained in letters to eight recipients. All these persons were undergoing the feat of Orthodox hesychia, and they turned to Saint Theophanes with questions about intelligent work. The Bishop does not present a complete understanding of the prayer, but in each letter, answering questions, reveals its separate sides. Some of the letters studied in the article have already been published in various publications, and some have not yet been published and are stored in the archive of St. Panteleimon’s monastery on mount Athos. The result of the research was the conclusion: the teaching of Saint Theophanes on inner prayer, based on the personal passage of the feat of hesychia, does not bring anything fundamentally new to the teaching of ancient ascetics, but actualizes patristic wisdom for contemporaries.
M. M. Bakhtin’s Hermeneutic Theory
Authors: Барицкий Димитрий
Published: January 2021

Основная цель, которую ставит перед собор автор статьи, - привлечь внимание к герменевтической теории м. м. Бахтина и указать на её актуальность в рамках такого направления филологического анализа текста, как религиозное литературоведение. в статье в систематическом виде изложены основные положения герменевтической теории учёного. в начале рассматривается общая теория познания м. м. Бахтина, важное место в которой занимают понятия «монологизм» и «диалогизм». После особое внимание направляется на его концепцию структуры содержательной стороны произведения, и здесь изучаются понятия «знак», «значение» и «смысл». отдельно выделяются критерии, которые, по мнению м. м. Бахтина, сообщают смыслу текста стабильную форму, а также приводится критика учёным литературоведческого структурализма. Помимо этого, автор обращает внимание на ту методологию интерпретации произведения, которая складываются на основе предложенной теории текста. в заключение даётся оценка тому эвристическому потенциалу, которым может обладать герменевтическая теория м. м. Бахтина в контексте анализа произведений мировой классической литературы.

The main goal of the author of the article is to draw attention to M. M. Bakhtin’s hermeneutic theory and to point out its relevance in the framework of such a direction of philological analysis of the text as «religious literary criticism». The article presents the main terms of the hermeneutical theory of the scientist in a systematic way. In the beginning, we consider the general theory of knowledge of M. M. Bakhtin, an important place in the framework of which is occupied by such concepts as «monologism» and «dialogism». After that, special attention is paid to the scientist’s concept of the structure of the content side of the work, in which such concepts as «sign», «signification» and «meaning» play an important role. The criteria that, according to M. M. Bakhtin, give the meaning of the text a stable form are singled out separately, and academic criticism of literary structuralism is also given. In addition, the author pays attention to the methodology of interpretation of the work, which is formed on the basis of the proposed theory of the text. In conclusion, we assess the heuristic potential that M. M. Bakhtin’s hermeneutical theory can have in the context of analyzing works of world classical literature.
St. Hilary of Poitiers Against Arians, or Against Auxentius
Authors: Ткачёв Евгений Викторович
Published: January 2021

Вниманию русскоязычного читателя представляется перевод небольшого полемического трактата свт. Илария Пиктавийского «Против Авксентия». Данный трактат является важным источником по истории арианских споров на Западе. В предисловии к переводу описывается контекст написания трактата, его структура и богословская аргументация свт. Илария в полемике с одним из видных влиятельных представителей арианской партии Авксентием, архиепископом Медиоланским.

The Russian-speaking reader is presented with a translation of a small polemical tract of St. Hilary of Poitiers “Against Auxentius”. This treatise is an important source on the history of Arian disputes in the West. In the preface to the translation the Author describes the context of in which the treatise was written, the structure of this essay and theological argument of St. Hilary in his polemics with one of the prominent and influential representatives of the Arian party, Auxentius, Archbishop of Milan.
St. Basil of Caesarea (spuria) Homily «On Virginity» (CPG 2081)
Authors: Науменко Андрей Леонидович
Published: January 2021

Вниманию русскоязычного читателя предлагается перевод гомилии «О девстве» (CPG 2081), приписываемой свт. Василию Великому. Гомилия описывает нормы жизни и условия подвижничества христиан Малой Азии в первой половине IV в. Она является важным источником сведений о малоазийской аскетической традиции, характерной не для общежительных монастырей, а для состоятельных христианских семей. Гомилия представляет собой послание главе семейства как руководителю «семейного монастыря». В произведении подробно описываются необходимое поведение и действия родителей для воспитания детей в девстве и чистоте. Стиль гомилии, а также догматические термины, используемые в ней, исключают авторство свт. Василия Великого.

The Russian-speaking reader is offered a translation of the «Homily on virginity» (CPG 2081), attributed to St. Basil the Great. The homily describes the norms of life and asceticism of Christians of Asia Minor in the first half of the fourth century. It is an important source of information about the Asia Minor ascetic tradition, which is characteristic not of community-based monasteries, but for wealthy Christian families. Homily is an epistle to the head of the family as the head of the «family monastery». The work describes in detail the necessary behavior and actions of parents for the education of children in virginity and purity. The style of homily, as well as the dogmatic terms used in it, exclude the authorship of St. Basil the Great.
Factor técnico de la finalización de éxito - fútsal.
Authors: Cuasapud Arroyave Dario Augusto , Sánchez Mora Brenda Viviana
Published: January 2021

Introducción: Los estudios mixtos que descubren los eventos del proceso y, a la vez, otorgan explicaciones, se han apoyado recurrentemente en análisis notacionales (observacionales), determinando nuevos indicadores de rendimiento. En el presente estudio, se escoge el aspecto fundamental de la técnica. Objetivo general: Analizar el factor técnico individual ofensivo con balón del ejecutor de la Finalización de Éxito (F.É.), más conocido como Gol, estimando el desempeño técnico del jugador ejecutor, por medio de análisis de las relaciones asociativas intrafactor. Metodología: Se basó en los métodos observacionales, a través de videos oficiales de FIFA; 352 F.É., 52 partidos y 24 selecciones nacionales, observando las variables del Factor Técnico: 1) Habilidades técnicas, 2) Tipos de Tiro, 3) Superficies de Contacto, 4) Dominancia y 5) Perfil. Se registró, en instrumentos de observación, adaptados de tesis doctorales y el software de video análisis Longo Match 1.0., recodificando y analizando en programa SPSS 20, en estadística descriptivas y pruebas Chi-cuadrado de Pearson (????2) y coeficientes de comprobación V-Cramer. Resultados: Se encontraron y se cuantificaron las frecuencias y los porcentajes del factor técnico, considerando relaciones asociativas significativas e infiriendo las distribuciones de alcance y de patrones, confrontándolos con expertos del rendimiento deportivo, en análisis técnico de la modalidad del fútsal. Conclusiones: Se determinaron los parámetros del dominio de las habilidades técnicas requeridas por el deportista ejecutor, en la consecución de la F.É., determinando la estimación de desempeño técnico individual ofensivo con balón en la F.É., otorgando referencias a entrenadores e investigadores, del componente técnico-táctico del jugador de fútsal.
La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca y su evaluación en deportes de resistencia, una mirada bibliográfica.
Authors: Torres Ortiz José Ferney
Published: January 2021

Introducción: Cuando el deportista inicia una actividad deportiva, su organismo presenta un elevado aumento en su temperatura corporal, su Sistema Nervioso Autónomo (SNA) controla y regula, de forma autónoma, los latidos del corazón, la respiración y el sudor. Objetivo general: Evaluar la reacción del sistema nervioso autónomo, sobre el sistema cardiovascular, de una forma no invasiva, en respuesta a un ejercicio físico. Metodología: Este artículo muestra las conclusiones y los protocolos de evaluación utilizados, para controlar y evaluar el entrenamiento y la competición en deportistas de resistencia, mediante los métodos de dominio tiempo y dominio frecuencia. La búsqueda, se realizó en las bases de datos Scielo, DialNet y el buscador de Google Académico, utilizando las palabras clave, variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca y deportes de resistencia; asimismo, se efectuó la lectura del título de 506 estudios relacionados con las palabras clave, se descartaron 381 estudios y se realizó la lectura del resumen de 125, seleccionando 50 estudios, para su respectivo análisis. Resultados: La evaluación de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca es indicador de los mecanismos de adaptación autónoma cardiovascular del corazón en los deportistas de resistencia. Conclusiones: Están directamente relacionadas con el volumen y la intensidad del ejercicio, a su vez, es un marcador del estado de salud y puede ayudar a diagnosticar rápidamente y con facilidad, los estados de fatiga, sobre-entrenamiento y agotamiento en los deportistas.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN DAN STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN
Authors: Gunawan Alvina , HARJANTO KARINA
Published: January 2021

The objective of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of profitability, leverage, company’s size, company’s growth and structure ownership towards dividend policy. The sample in this research is selected by using purposive sampling method. Data used in this research are secondary data. Data used in this research is analyzed by using multiple regression method. There are 10 manufacture firms selected as sample which simultaneously for the year 2013-2016 have been registered as manufacture sector in BEI. The results of this research show that (1) profitability has significant effect to dividend policy, (2) leverage doesn’t have significant effect to dividend policy, (3) company’s size has significant effect to dividend policy, (4) company’s growth doesn’t have  significant effect to dividend policy, (5) structure ownership doesn’t have significant effect to dividend policy.
PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN DAN KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL TERHADAP DIVIDEND POLICY SERTA IMPLIKASINYA PADA PENGUNGKAPAN CSR
Authors: Khomeny Ayatullah Rehullah
Published: January 2021

Pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan memiliki peran penting bagi perusahaan sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam pengungkapan wajib dalam laporan tahunan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 14 tahun 2007. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh rasio keuangan (profitability, debt-to equity ratio) dan kepemilikan institusional pada dividend policy dan implikasinya terhadap pengungkapan corporate social responsibility. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan pada sub-sektor manufaktur otomotif dan komponen yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2013-2017 yang menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 11 perusahaan. Metode analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis jalur yang terdiri dari pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji Sobel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rasio utang terhadap ekuitas dan kepemilikan institusional tidak memiliki efek langsung dan tidak langsung pada kebijakan dividen dan pengungkapan CSR. Sementara, hanya profitabilitas yang berpengaruh positif pada kebijakan dividen.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, EFISIENSI DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERBANKAN PADA BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Saraswati Niken , Mulyono Mulyono
Published: January 2021

A good bank must be efficient because efficiency will increase banking productivity and performance. As an institution that functions for banking intermediation, it must have a healthy financial condition to function properly and gain public trust. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of Economic Growth, Efficiency and Liquidity on the profitability of banks in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. There are inconsistent research results from previous studies, regarding efficiency, liquidity and economic growth that can affect banking performance. The sample used in this study was 35 banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data processing in this study uses multiple regression with the help of SPSS version 20. The results of the study indicate that Economic Growth has a positive influence on bank profitability, for Efficiency and Liquidity has a negative effect on bank profitability. This research is expected to be useful both for the banking industry in making decisions and the government in making policies.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Anak Dengan karies Gigi Anak Kelas VA SDI Raden Paku Surabaya Tahun 2020
Authors: Tameon Josinta Elsiana Maryanti
Published: January 2021

Abstrak: Penyakit gigi dan mulut yang sering dijumpai di Indonesia adalah karies gigi dan jumlahnya cukup tinggi. Usia sekolah Dasar (SD) merupakan salah satu kelompok usia anak yang rentan terhadap karies gigi. Pengetahuan anak tentang karies gigi sangat penting sehingga dapat meningkatkan derajat kesehatan gigi dan mulut dari karies gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan pengetahuan anak dengan karies gigi anak dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan lembar observasi karies gigi anak serta teknik analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah anak SD kelas VA SDI Raden Paku Surabaya yang  berjumlah 52 anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan anak tentang karies gigi  dan mulut sebagian besar pada kategori baik yaitu dapat menjawab 15 – 22 pertanyaan sebanyak 35 anak (67,2%), angka karies gigi terbanyak terdapat pada kriteria >1 termasuk  dalam kategori buruk dengan karies gigi sebanyak 39 anak  (75%), sehingga disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan anak dengan karies gigi anak yang dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikasi  (0,942 sig > 0,05). Kesimpulannya pengetahuan anak tentang karies gigi yang baik tidak mempengaruhi karies gigi anak.

Kata Kunci: Karies gigi; Pengetahuan; Anak sekolah
Die Qualität der Qualität? Empirische Annäherung an einen reflexiven Mechanismus im pädagogisch organisierten System des lebenslangen Lernens
Authors: Nittel Dieter , Kılınç Marlena
Published: January 2021

Seit mehr als 20 Jahren prägt Qualität als generatives Thema die bildungspolitische und erziehungswissenschaftliche Diskussion. Qualitätsentwicklung – so die Annahme – kann als reflexiver Mechanismus (vgl. Luhmann 1970) verstanden werden, mit dessen Hilfe das pädagogisch organisierte System des lebenslangen Lernens das im Modus des Lernens innewohnende Prinzip der Selbst- und Fremdkorrektur zur Erzeugung bestandserhaltender und innovativer Impulse auf sich selbst appliziert. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird im vorliegenden Beitrag zur Analyse von Qualitätsentwicklungen in pädagogischen Einrichtungen für einen Forschungszugang plädiert, der sich einer konsequent komparativen Sichtweise verpflichtet fühlt, die Erfahrungen der unmittelbar an der Implementierung und Umsetzung der jeweiligen Verfahren beteiligten pädagogischen Praktiker*innen zum zentralen Forschungsgegenstand erhebt und die These vom reflexiven Mechanismus weiteren Belastungsproben aussetzt.
Parallel Algorithms for Minimal Nondeterministic Finite Automata Inference
Authors: Jastrzab Tomasz , Czech Zbigniew J. , Wieczorek Wojciech
Published: January 2021

The goal of this paper is to develop the parallel algorithms that, on input of a learning sample, identify a regular language by means of a nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA). A sample is a pair of finite sets containing positive and negative examples. Given a sample, a minimal NFA that represents the target regular language is sought. We define the task of finding an NFA, which accepts all positive examples and rejects all negative ones, as a constraint satisfaction problem, and then propose the parallel algorithms to solve the problem. The results of comprehensive computational experiments on the variety of inference tasks are reported. The question of minimizing an NFA consistent with a learning sample is computationally hard.
Fine Particulate Matter and Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropathology at Autopsy in a Community-Based Cohort
Authors: Shaffer Rachel M. , Li Ge , Adar Sara D. , Dirk Keene C. , Latimer Caitlin S. , Crane Paul K. , Larson Eric B. , Kaufman Joel D. , Carone Marco , Sheppard Lianne
Published: January 2021

Background:

Evidence links fine particulate matter (PM2.5) to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but no community-based prospective cohort studies in older adults have evaluated the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and markers of AD neuropathology at autopsy.

Objective:

Using a well-established autopsy cohort and new spatiotemporal predictions of air pollution, we evaluated associations of 10-year PM2.5 exposure prior to death with Braak stage, Consortium to Establish a Registry for AD (CERAD) score, and combined AD neuropathologic change (ABC score).

Methods:

We used autopsy specimens (N = 832) from the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study, with enrollment ongoing since 1994. We assigned long-term exposure at residential address based on two-week average concentrations from a newly developed spatiotemporal model. To account for potential selection bias, we conducted inverse probability weighting. Adjusting for covariates with tiered models, we performed ordinal regression for Braak and CERAD and logistic regression for dichotomized ABC score.

Results:

10-year average (SD) PM2.5 from death across the autopsy cohort was 8.2 (1.9) μg/m3. Average age (SD) at death was 89 (7) years. Each 1μg/m3 increase in 10-year average PM2.5 prior to death was associated with a suggestive increase in the odds of worse neuropathology as indicated by CERAD score (OR: 1.35 (0.90, 1.90)) but a suggestive decreased odds of neuropathology as defined by the ABC score (OR: 0.79 (0.49, 1.19)). There was no association with Braak stage (OR: 0.99 (0.64, 1.47)).

Conclusion:

We report inconclusive associations between PM2.5 and AD neuropathology at autopsy among a cohort where 94% of individuals experienced 10-year exposures below the current EPA standard. Prior studies of AD risk factors and AD neuropathology are similarly inconclusive, suggesting alternative mechanistic pathways for disease or residual confounding.
Periodontitis Deteriorates Cognitive Function and Impairs Neurons and Glia in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Qian Xueshen , Zhang Shuang , Duan Lian , Yang Fengchun , Zhang Kun , Yan Fuhua , Ge Song
Published: January 2021

Background:

Although periodontitis is reportedly associated with increased cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease, the mechanisms underlying this process remain unknown. Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P.g-LPS) is an endotoxin associated with periodontal disease.

Objective:

We investigated the effect of periodontitis on learning capacity and memory of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP)/presenilin (PS1) transgenic mice along with the mechanisms underlying these effects.

Methods:

Mice were randomly assigned to three groups, namely AβPP/PS1 (control), P.g-LPS Injection, and P.g-LPS Injection + Ligation. Mice from the P.g-LPS Injection group were injected with P.g-LPS in the periodontal tissue three times per week for 8 weeks, while mice from the P.g-LPS Injection + Ligation group were injected with P.g-LPS and subjected to ligation of the gingival sulcus of the maxillary second molar.

Results:

Expression of gingival proinflammatory cytokines as well as alveolar bone resorption in P.g-LPS-injected and ligatured mice was increased compared to that in control mice. Mice in the P.g-LPS Injection + Ligation group exhibited cognitive impairment and a significant reduction in the number of neurons. Glial cell activation in the experimental groups with significantly increased amyloid-β (Aβ) levels was more pronounced relative to the control group. Induction of periodontitis was concurrent with an increase in cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, AβPP, and beta-secretase 1 expression and a decrease in A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 expression.

Conclusion:

These findings indicated that periodontitis exacerbated learning and memory impairment in AβPP/PS1 mice and augmented Aβ and neuroinflammatory responses. Our study provides a theoretical basis for risk prediction and early intervention of Alzheimer’s disease and periodontitis.
Disorientation in Time and Place in Old Age: Longitudinal Evidence from Three Old Age Cohorts in Germany (AgeDifferent.de Platform)
Authors: Rodriguez Francisca S. , Pabst Alexander , Heser Kathrin , Kleineidam Luca , Hajek Andre , Eisele Marion , Röhr Susanne , Löbner Margrit , Wiese Birgitt , Angermeyer Matthias C. , Maier Wolfgang , Scherer Martin , Wagner Michael , König Hans-Helmut , Riedel-Heller Steffi G.
Published: January 2021

Background:

Only little evidence is available on disorientation, one of the most challenging symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of disorientation in older age in association with the level of cognitive status, personal characteristics, and life events.

Methods:

Three longitudinal population-based cohort studies on cognitive health of elderly adults were harmonized (LEILA 75 + , AgeCoDe/AgeQualiDe, AgeMooDe). Participants who completed a baseline and at least one follow-up assessment of cognitive functioning and who did not have stroke, Parkinson’s disease, atherosclerosis, kidney disease, and/or alcoholism were included in the analysis ( n = 2135, 72.6% female, mean age 80.2 years). Data was collected in standardized interviews and questionnaires with the participant, a proxy informant, and the participant’s general practitioner.

Results:

Making three errors in the MMSE other than in the questions on orientation (MMSEwo) came with a probability of 7.8% for disorientation, making ten errors with a probability of 88.9%. A lower MMSEwo score (HR 0.75, CI 95 0.71–0.79, p < 0.001), older age (HR 1.11, CI 95 1.08–1.14, p < 0.001), and living in a nursing home (HR 1.64, CI 95 1.02–2.64, p = 0.042) were associated with incident disorientation. Impairments in walking (OR 2.41, CI 95 1.16–4.99, p = 0.018) were associated with a greater probability for prevalent disorientation. None of the life events were significant.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that disorientation is primarily associated with cognitive status. Regular walking activities might possibly reduce the risk for disorientation but further research is necessary.
Low Liver Enzymes and Risk of Dementia: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Lu Yifei , Pike James R. , Selvin Elizabeth , Mosley Thomas , Palta Priya , Sharrett A. Richey , Thomas Alvin , Loehr Laura , Sidney Barritt A. , Hoogeveen Ron C. , Heiss Gerardo
Published: January 2021

Background:

Low levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the low physiologic range, surrogate markers for reduced liver metabolic function, are associated with cerebral hypometabolism, impairment in neurotransmitter production and synaptic maintenance, and a higher prevalence of dementia. It is unknown whether a prospective association exists between low liver enzyme levels and incident dementia.

Objective:

To determine whether low levels of ALT and AST are associated with higher risk of incident dementia.

Methods:

Plasma ALT and AST were measured on 10,100 study participants (mean age 63.2 years, 55% female, 22% black) in 1996–1998. Dementia was ascertained from comprehensive neuropsychological assessments, annual contact, and medical record surveillance. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the association.

Results:

During a median follow-up of 18.3 years (maximum 21.9 years), 1,857 individuals developed dementia. Adjusted for demographic factors, incidence rates of dementia were higher at the lower levels of ALT and AST. Compared to the second quintile, ALT values <10th percentile were associated with a higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.34, 95% CI 1.08–1.65). The corresponding HR was 1.22 (0.99–1.51) for AST.

Conclusion:

Plasma aminotransferases <10th percentile of the physiologic range at mid-life, particularly ALT, were associated with greater long-term risk of dementia, advocating for attention to the putative role of hepatic function in the pathogenesis of dementia.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEGREE OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN BICYCLE RACE ATHLETES
Authors: Tampubolon Daniel Taruna , Wibisono Dimas Sindhu , Muttaqin Zainal , Julianto Hari Peni
Published: January 2021

Objective: This research aims to identify factors influencing the degree of erectile dysfunction in bicycle racing athletes. Material & Methods: This study used quantitative analysis and cross-sectional research design. Samples included in this research were 54 respondents in accordance to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study, and were willing to participate in this research. The data were collected using the IIEF-5 (International Index of Erectile Function-5) questionnaire. The data were then edited, coded and analyzed using Chi-square (bivariate analysis). Results: The results showed correlations between the degree of erectile dysfunction in bicycle race athletes and age (PR= 1.182; 95%CI= 0.403-3.465; p= 0.976), cycling history (PR= 0.462; 95% CI= 0.490-4363; p= 0.687), cycling frequency (PR=1.400; 95% CI= 0.299-6.560; p= 0.72), cycling duration (PR= 0.333; 95% CI= 0.074-1.507; p= 0.165), furthest cycling distance (PR= 0.883; 95% CI= 0.267-2.919; p= 1.00), and type of saddle (PR= 0.271; 95% CI= 0.481-1.547; p= 0.221) respectively. Conclusion: There were no significant correlation (p= >0.05) in all variables analyzed in this study.
THE EFFECT OF CONDITIONED-MEDIUM HUMAN ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL IN APOPTOSIS OF BLADDER CANCER CELLS
Authors: Mawdudi Ari Alauddin , Hidayatullah Furqan , Bachtiar Indra , Rachman Arif , Putri Indri Lakhsmi , Castiglione Fabio , Djatisoesanto Wahjoe , Hakim Lukman
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the effect of conditioned medium human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (CM-hADMSC) on apoptosis of urothelial bladder cancer cells. Material & Methods: Bladder (5637) cancer cell lines cultured in conditioned media harvested from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSC). Flow cytometry tests were carried out using the Flowcytometry Acquisition cell sorting (FACS) Calibur to measure apoptosis. Results: There was a significant difference in the percentage of late apoptosis in the group receiving culture medium treatment: CM-hADMSC 1: 1 to the entire study group. Further analysis revealed no difference in the average percentage of late apoptosis in groups exposed to culture medium: CM-hADMSC 1: 2 and culture medium: CM-hADMSC 1: 4 (p> 0.05). Conclusion: CM-hADMSC at a 1: 1 dose concentration to culture medium obtain a significant increase of apoptosis in bladder cancer cells.
COMPARISON OF KETOROLAC VERSUS DICLOFENAC AS TREATMENT FOR ACUTE RENAL COLIC: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND A NETWORK META-ANALYSIS (DIRECT AND INDIRECT COMPARISON)
Authors: Arianto Eko , Rodjani Arry , Wahyudi Irfan
Published: January 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare which analgesic is better between ketorolac and diclofenac. Material & Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Pubmed, Science Direct, Cochrane, EBSCO, Proquest database, and PICO analysis was used in determining the study question. The included article in the analysis was randomized controlled trials. Results: A total of 6 articles were included in the analysis, with no significant differences between ketorolac and diclofenac both in a direct comparison and indirect comparison (OR 2.74 [95%CI 0.72 – 10.43]; p= 0.14 and OR 0.51 [95%CI 0.29 – 0.91]; p= 0.49). Conclusion: Both ketorolac and diclofenac have the same efficacy in treating renal colic.
TOLERANSI KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA GUWA LOR KECAMATAN KALIWEDI KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Ridho Akhsin
Published: January 2021

The study, which begins with the existence of differences in religious rituals in rural areas, a tradition that is maintained from time to time, is tolerant, religious, and inclusive aims to determine the process of forming harmony in different communities in religious understanding. Religious spirit is an important reason for this research, which is researched using descriptive qualitative methods through observation of the role of religious leaders who are randomly selected in the phenomenological research area. In this study, it was found that there was a strong interaction between religious leaders and the community through messages to maintain mutual attitudes and speech was the key to establishing a harmonious relationship. The practice of different religious rituals for society is common. These differences are found at the level of branching, not in the main things such as tahlilan, syukuran, mapag sri, sedekah bumi, selametan and other religious rituals. It can be concluded that the role models of regigious figures are the main key to maintaining harmony in the life of religious communities. They provide direct demands on attitudes and actions in society. They educate the community which is internalized through actions on religious practices that are assimilated in customs, culture and rituals related to the needs of religious communities in rural communities and provide new knowledge for the community to maintain mutual religious harmony, side by side in diversity.
KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA DALAM PIKIRAN DAN PRAKTIK KELOMPOK KEAGAMAAN ISLAM DI JAYAPURA
Authors: Sabara Sabara , Kodina Elce Yohana
Published: January 2021

This research is intended to understand the perspective and practice of religious harmony among Islamic groups in City and Regency of Jayapura, Papua Province.The perspective and practice of harmony is placed in a social, cultural, political, and economic context.Research using qualitative approaches, interviews and observations became the main instruments in research.The results showed the Perspective of Islamic groups towards religious harmony was built through the process of meeting interactions in plural social spaces and intensive interactions to positive effects by Muslims to other religions, especially Christians.The principle of daasar that builds the perspective of religious harmony from Islamic groups is the principle of moderation and inclusion of Islam in building interactions with adherents of other religions that conform to the vision of Islam as rahmatan lil alamin religion.The practice of religious harmony displayed by Islamist groups in Jayapura is a reflection of their moderate vision of Islam in the form of an active tolerance through intensive dialogue and cooperation especially in religious celebrations.
O Artigo 8º da Convenção-Quadro para o Controle do Tabaco da Organização Mundial da Saúde sob a Perspectiva do Direito à Saúde e Proteção do Trabalhador
Authors: Vianna Cristiane Galhardo Ferreira , Oliveira Maria Helena Barros de , Mendes Felipe Lacerda , Cavalcante Tania Maria
Published: January 2021

Introdução: O Artigo descreve em linhas gerais a Convenção-Quadro para o Controle do Tabaco e trata de forma mais detalhada o Artigo 8o do tratado internacional, que dispõe sobre a proteção da exposição à fumaça do tabaco, determinando que os países que são Estados Partes da Convenção-Quadro para o Controle do Tabaco adotem medidas executivas, administrativas, legislativas e outras, para proteção das suas populações dos riscos do tabagismo passivo. Objetivo: Explorar alguns dos desafios relacionados à implementação de ambientes livres da fumaça do tabaco no Brasil e discutir as perspectivas de concretizar o direito em questão. Método: Estudo baseado em pesquisa documental nos arquivos do Congresso Nacional, no banco de informações SciElo, em documentos acadêmicos e na mídia. Resultados: A partir da análise do material selecionado sobre a legislação brasileira relacionada ao tema, os Projetos de Leis relacionados ao assunto em trâmite e as ações judiciais, exploraram-se alguns dos desafios relacionados à implementação de ambientes livres da fumaça do tabaco no Brasil com sua efetiva internalização no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro sob a perspectiva do Direito à Saúde e Proteção do Trabalhador. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que, como o Brasil ratificou o tratado, é mandatório implementação de ambientes 100% livres da fumaça do tabaco, já que existe no ordenamento jurídico um arcabouço de instrumentos legais que conformam um cenário preparado para recepcionar uma efetiva proteção à saúde da população brasileira com relação aos malefícios causados pela fumaça ambiental do tabaco.
Segundo gênero de conhecimento: a tradução na América Latina
Authors: Rayel Mara Lafourcade
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo estabelecemos aproximações entre a obra Ética, de Espinosa (século XVII), e a obra teórica de Amálio Pinheiro. Nosso principal objetivo é efetuar relações entre o segundo gênero de conhecimento proposto por Espinosa e os procedimentos de tradução barroquizantes e mestiços abordados por Amálio Pinheiro em seus textos. Essa estratégia de aproximação dialogante visa demonstrar que esse modo de conhecimento já se encontra em operação nos modos de viver e de se relacionar dos povos latino-americanos. Defendemos que é por meio da capacidade de ser multiplamente afetado e da seleção dos afetos de alegria, propostos por Espinosa, que se pode entrar em contato com maneiras de conhecer que terminam por operar nos signos uma modificação ativa. Temos por hipótese que o segundo gênero de conhecimento de que nos fala Espinosa já está presente nos modos de viver que se valem da tradução e da incorporação de diversos fazeres e sentires. Nosso método é constituído pela análise das obras dos autores acima citados, de modo a evidenciar situações em que o conhecimento das noções comuns (segundo gênero de conhecimento) e, para além do escopo deste artigo, das essências singulares (terceiro gênero), já se fazem perceber nos modos de conhecimento dos povos da América Latina.
Technological globalization: current state, risks and consequences
Authors: Garkusha S.A.
Published: January 2021

The process of technological globalization defining features of modern society and economy. The process leads to increasing interconnectedness and integration of national economies and global division of labor between countries. In recent decades, the process has received growing attention from academics and business. Technological globalization has made economic globalization possible. Nevertheless, many scientists claim that there is a crisis in the process of economic globalization. Some scientists state that the process of economic globalization is over, and the world is experiencing the process of deglobalization. Nevertheless, at the same time, there almost none no research dedicated to the process of deglobalization in the technology sphere. The article is aimed at analyzing the current state, risks, and consequences of technological globalization as well as possible directions for future research. The materials may be of interest to researchers of globalization issues, as well as to politicians and economists.
COVID-19 and acute kidney injury – A new medical condition
Authors:   Nephrology Department, Trás-Os-Montes e Alto Douro Hospital Center, Vila Real - Portugal, Silva Natália , Ribeiro Catarina ,   Nephrology Department, Vila Nova de Gaia-Espinho Hospital Center, Vila Nova de Gaia - Portugal
Published: January 2021

Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly discovered contagious disease that has affected many countries around the world. Although diffuse alveolar damage and acute respiratory failure are the main features, involvement of other organs is recognized and needs to be explored. Information on kidney disease in patients with COVID-19 is limited, with many studies showing that acute kidney injury is an uncommon disorder in COVID-19. Despite this low prevalence, it can lead to potentially significant morbidity and mortality in these patients. Thus the authors consider the development of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 an important issue, worthy of clinical attention, and they present this point in the current review
End stage kidney disease in the elderly: Hope for the best
Authors:   Nephrology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Valério Patrícia , Farinha Ana ,   Nephrology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal
Published: January 2021

With an increased number of aged chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, along with medical and technological advances, the options to approach end‑stage kidney disease (ESKD) have multiplied. Nephrologists should be aware that taking care of elderly patients is different from taking care of younger ones. The spectrum of choices is as wide as the functional status of these patients. For fit ones, the main goal should be to restore function as much as possible and to rehabilitate. On the other hand, for frail patients, the expectations should be realistic in terms of survival, disease trajectory and symptomatic control, because while kidney replacement therapies can prolong life, they do not cure. The issue is complex due to its multidimensional perspective, so decisions must take into account the patient’s options, respecting his/her autonomy, dignity and quality of life. This text aims to review the particularities of geriatric CKD patients’ assessment towards options to care for ESKD, in a specific population which is growing in our practice.
Contribuições dos estudos de gênero para a abordagem da família na sociologia escolar
Authors: Pereira Márcia Menezes
Published: January 2021

Este texto tem o objetivo de contribuir para o trabalho de professoras e professores que atuam com o ensino da sociologia escolar, através da apresentação de possibilidades de abordagens teóricas sobre a temática da família em sala de aula. Para isso, o texto busca sintetizar algumas contribuições do campo dos estudos de gênero, a partir, principalmente, das reflexões das cientistas políticas Flávia Biroli (2014; 2017) e Nancy Fraser (2016), bem como da antropóloga Cláudia Fonseca (1995). Ao colocar a família no centro privilegiado da reflexão teórica, a perspectiva feminista nos estudos de gênero busca desestabilizar a dicotomia entre esfera pública e esfera privada, lançando luz sobre os desdobramentos dentro e fora do ambiente familiar que tal dicotomia promove, fomentando discussões sobre as relações sociais de gênero em nossa sociedade. A produção dos estudos de gênero sobre família mostra-se fundamental à racionalização da vida social em vista não apenas do entendimento das relações sociais, mas, sobretudo, em vista da contribuição para superação de injustiças, violências e desigualdades vividas dentro e fora da família.