bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bounds for the decomposition dimension of some class of graphs
Authors: Varughese Jinitha , Reji T.
Published: August 2022

Given an ordered [Formula: see text]-decomposition [Formula: see text] of a connected graph [Formula: see text], the representation of an edge [Formula: see text] with respect to the decomposition [Formula: see text] is the [Formula: see text]-tuple [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] represents the distance from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. A decomposition [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is a resolving decomposition if for every pair of edges [Formula: see text]. The minimum [Formula: see text] for which [Formula: see text] has a resolving [Formula: see text]-decomposition is its decomposition dimension [Formula: see text]. In this paper, upper bounds for the decomposition dimension of some class of graphs are determined.
Spectral analysis of weighted neighborhood networks
Authors: Muthuraman S. , Rajkumar R.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we construct an infinite family of weighted growing complex networks, namely, weighted neighborhood networks (WNN) which are constructed in an iterative way by using a base network and a sequence of growing weighted networks. We determine the weighted Laplacian spectra of WNN which is expressed in terms of the spectra of base network and the sequence of weighted regular networks. Using the weighted Laplacian spectra, we obtain the Kirchhoff index, the entire mean weighted first-passage time and the number of spanning trees of WNN. Also, we compute the weighted normalized Laplacian spectra of these networks which is expressed in terms of the spectra of regular base network and the sequence of weighted regular networks and from that, we derive the multiplicative Kirchhoff index, Kemeny’s constant and the number of spanning trees in terms of the weighted normalized Laplacian spectra.
Toward a heuristic for teaching the visual rhetoric of pitch decks
Authors: Williams Sean , Spinuzzi Clay , Newbold Curtis
Published: August 2022

This study examined how three successful entrepreneurs/investors assessed the visual rhetoric of actual pitch decks from novice entrepreneurs. We compare their evaluations to the result of a heuristic for assessing visual rhetoric, Color CRAYONTIP. While the pitch deck is recognized as a key artifact in entrepreneurship, no studies have specifically addressed the visual design of the deck nor the key design skills novice entrepreneurs should implement to effectively persuade potential investors of the idea's promise. This preliminary and exploratory case study begins a dialogue on this topic by performing a visual analysis of seven novice decks which were deemed successful by experienced angel investors. The analysis revealed five key skills that appear to account for the success of these decks with the reviewers: rhetorical awareness, typography, color, photography, and contrast.
Using Discrimination Response Ideation to Uncover Student Attitudes about Diversity and Inclusion in Computer Science
Authors: Lee Lina , Latulipe Celine , Frevert Tonya
Published: August 2022

Helping students learn to identify and respond to situations involving discrimination is important, especially in fields like Computer Science where there is evidence of an unwelcoming climate that disproportionately drives underrepresented students out of the field. While students should not be considered responsible for fixing issues around discrimination in their institutions, they do have a role to play. In this paper, we present the results of a study in which 318 undergraduate computer science majors were presented with scenarios of discrimination and asked to identify the issues, rate the severity of the issues, and ideate 3–5 responses to address the described situations. They were also asked to identify which of their responses would likely be most effective in addressing discrimination and which of their responses they would be most likely to use if they were in the situation described in real life. Our results show that while students generally are able to identify various forms of discrimination (sexism, racism, religious discrimination, ethnic discrimination, etc.), any ambiguity in a scenario led to students describing the scenario as less severe and/or as an example of oversensitivity. We also show that students come up with many passive responses to scenarios of discrimination (such as ignoring the situation or wishing it had not happened in the first place). Students in our study were more likely to say they would deploy passive responses in real life, shying away from responses that involve direct confrontation. We observed some differences between student demographic subgroups. Women and BIPOC students in CS tend to think these issues are more severe than men and White and Asian students in CS. Women are more likely to ideate direct confrontation responses and report willingness to use direct confrontation responses in real situations. Our work contributes a methodology for examining student awareness and understanding of diversity issues as well as a demonstration that undergraduate computer science students need help in learning how to address common situations that involve either intentional or unintentional discrimination in an academic environment.
AccessComics2: Understanding the User Experience of an Accessible Comic Book Reader for Blind People with Textual Sound Effects
Authors: Lee Yun Jung , Joh Hwayeon , Yoo Suhyeon , Oh Uran
Published: August 2022

For people with visual impairments, many studies have been conducted to improve the accessibility of various types of images on the web. However, the majority of the work focused on photos or graphs. In this study, we propose AccessComics, an accessible digital comic book reader for people with visual impairments. To understand the accessibility of existing platforms, we first conducted a formative online survey with 68 participants who are blind or have low vision asking about their prior experiences with audiobooks and eBooks. Then, to learn the implications of designing an accessible comic book reader for people with visual impairments, we conducted an interview study with eight participants and collected feedback about our system. Considering our findings that a brief description of the scene and sound effects are desired when listening to comic books, we conducted a follow-up study with 16 participants (8 blind, 8 sighted) to explore how to effectively provide scene descriptions and sound effects, generated based on the onomatopoeia and mimetic words that appear in comics. Then we assessed the impact of the overall reading experience and if it differs depending on the user group. The results show that the presence of scene descriptions was perceived to be useful for concentration and understanding the situation, while the sound effects were perceived to make the book-reading experience more immersive and realistic. Based on the findings, we suggest design implications specifying features that future accessible comic book readers should support.
GraphPlanner: Floorplanning with Graph Neural Network
Authors: Liu Yiting , Ju Ziyi , Li Zhengming , Dong Mingzhi , Zhou Hai , Wang Jia , Yang Fan , Zeng Xuan , Shang Li
Published: August 2022

Chip floorplanning has long been a critical task with high computation complexity in the physical implementation of VLSI chips. Its key objective is to determine the initial locations of large chip modules with minimized wirelength while adhering to the density constraint, which in essence is a process of constructing an optimized mapping from circuit connectivity to physical locations. Proven to be an NP-hard problem, chip floorplanning is difficult to be solved efficiently using algorithmic approaches. This article presents GraphPlanner, a variational graph-convolutional-network-based deep learning technique for chip floorplanning. GraphPlanner is able to learn an optimized and generalized mapping between circuit connectivity and physical wirelength and produce a chip floorplan using efficient model inference. GraphPlanner is further equipped with an efficient clustering method, a unification of hyperedge coarsening with graph spectral clustering, to partition a large-scale netlist into high-quality clusters with minimized inter-cluster weighted connectivity. GraphPlanner has been integrated with two state-of-the-art mixed-size placers. Experimental studies using both academic benchmarks and industrial designs demonstrate that compared to state-of-the-art mixed-size placers alone, GraphPlanner improves placement runtime by 25% with 4% wirelength reduction on average.
When Algorithms Err
: Differential Impact of Early vs. Late Errors on Users’ Reliance on Algorithms
Authors: Kim Antino , Yang Mochen , Zhang Jingjing
Published: August 2022

Errors are a natural part of predictive algorithms, but may discourage users from relying on algorithms. We conduct two experiments to demonstrate that reliance on a predictive algorithm following a substantial error is affected by (i) when the error occurs and (ii) how the algorithm is used in the decision-making process. We find that the impact of an error on reliance depends on whether the error occurs
early
(i.e., when users first start using the algorithm) or
late
(i.e., after users have used the algorithm for an extended period). While an early error results in substantial and persistent reliance reduction, a late error affects reliance only temporarily and to a lesser extent. However, when users have more control over how to use the algorithm’s predictions, error timing ceases to have a significant impact. Our work advances the understanding of algorithm aversion and informs the practical design of algorithmic decision-making systems.
A Review on C3I Systems’ Security: Vulnerabilities, Attacks, and Countermeasures
Authors: Ahmad Hussain , Dharmadasa Isuru , Ullah Faheem , Babar Muhammad Ali
Published: August 2022

Command, Control, Communication, and Intelligence (C3I) systems are increasingly used in critical civil and military domains for achieving information superiority, operational efficacy, and greater situational awareness. The critical civil and military domains include, but are not limited to, battlefield, healthcare, transportation, and rescue missions. Given the sensitive nature and modernization of tactical domains, the security of C3I systems has recently become a critical concern. This is because cyber-attacks on C3I systems have catastrophic consequences including loss of human lives. Despite the increasing number of cyber-attacks on C3I systems and growing concerns about C3I systems’ security, there is a paucity of a comprehensive review to systematize the body of knowledge on the security of C3I systems. Therefore, in this article, we have gathered, analyzed, and synthesized the body of knowledge on the security of C3I systems. We have identified and reported security vulnerabilities, attack vectors, and countermeasures/defenses for C3I systems. In particular, this article has enabled us to (i) propose a taxonomy for security vulnerabilities, attack vectors, and countermeasures; (ii) interrelate attack vectors with security vulnerabilities and countermeasures; and (iii) propose future research directions for advancing the state-of-the-art on the security of C3I systems. We believe that our findings will serve as a guideline for practitioners and researchers to advance the state-of-the-practice and state-of-the-art on the security of C3I systems.
HEAT
Authors: Sharma Yanshul , Moulik Sanjay
Published: August 2022

Most battery-powered real-time systems today rely on a combination of specialised multicore to satisfy the needs of modern programs, which has changed the design of processing platforms dramatically in recent years. For such platforms, developing energy and thermally aware schedulers has become a top priority. As a consequence, this study presents HEAT, energy and thermal aware heuristic scheme for scheduling a group of periodic tasks on a DVFS enabled heterogeneous platform. Deadline Partitioning, Core Clustering, Temperature-Aware Scheduling, and Energy-Aware Scheduling are the four steps of the proposed scheme. In comparison to state-of-the-art, our experimental review reveals that HEAT not only enhances task set acceptance rate (as high as 3.44%) but also boosts energy savings (as high as 10.71%) and decreases temperature (as high as 7.14%) in the system.
Evolution and Community Assembly Across Spatial Scales
Authors: Leibold Mathew A. , Govaert Lynn , Loeuille Nicolas , De Meester Luc , Urban Mark C.
Published: August 2022

The finding that adaptive evolution can often be substantial enough to alter ecological dynamics challenges traditional views of community ecology that ignore evolution. Here, we propose that evolution might commonly alter both local and regional processes of community assembly. We show how adaptation can substantially affect community assembly and that these effects depend on regional (metacommunity) factors, including environmental heterogeneity and its spatial structure. In particular, early colonists can often arrive from a nearby community, adapt to local conditions, and subsequently alter the establishment or abundance of late-arriving species, often producing an evolutionary priority effect. We also discuss how interaction type and relative rates of colonization, evolution, and community interactions determine divergent community outcomes. We describe new conceptual approaches that provide insights into these dynamics and statistical methods that can better evaluate their importance. Overall, we demonstrate that accounting for adaptation during community assembly opens up novel ways for making progress on fundamental questions in community ecology.
Transnational Social Movements: Environmentalist, Indigenous, and Agrarian Visions for Planetary Futures
Authors: Bjork-James Carwil , Checker Melissa , Edelman Marc
Published: August 2022

Environmentalist, Indigenous, and agrarian and food justice movements that mobilize across and beyond national borders are demanding recognition and participation in debates and policies that shape planetary futures. We review recent social movements that challenge agendas set by corporations, elites, states, conservative movements, and some international governance institutions. We pay particular attention to novel concepts that emerged from or were popularized by these movements, such as environmental justice, climate debt, Indigenous-led conservation, food sovereignty, agroecology, extractivism, and Vivir Bien (“Living Well”). Such concepts and agendas increasingly enter international governance spaces, influence global policy debates, build innovative institutions, and converge across class, geographic, and sectoral lines. Although they face daunting obstacles—particularly the free-market zealotry that dominates international policymaking and the agribusiness, mining, energy, and other corporate-philanthropic lobbies—the visions proffered by these movements offer new possibilities for creating a world that prioritizes the intrinsic value of nature and all its beings.
The Nuclear-to-Cytoplasmic Ratio: Coupling DNA Content to Cell Size, Cell Cycle, and Biosynthetic Capacity
Authors: Balachandra Shruthi , Sarkar Sharanya , Amodeo Amanda A.
Published: August 2022

Though cell size varies between different cells and across species, the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio is largely maintained across species and within cell types. A cell maintains a relatively constant N/C ratio by coupling DNA content, nuclear size, and cell size. We explore how cells couple cell division and growth to DNA content. In some cases, cells use DNA as a molecular yardstick to control the availability of cell cycle regulators. In other cases, DNA sets a limit for biosynthetic capacity. Developmentally programmed variations in the N/C ratio for a given cell type suggest that a specific N/C ratio is required to respond to given physiological demands. Recent observations connecting decreased N/C ratios with cellular senescence indicate that maintaining the proper N/C ratio is essential for proper cellular functioning. Together, these findings suggest a causative, not simply correlative, role for the N/C ratio in regulating cell growth and cell cycle progression.
Insights from Fossil-Bound Nitrogen Isotopes in Diatoms, Foraminifera, and Corals
Authors: Robinson Rebecca S. , Smart Sandi M. , Cybulski Jonathan D. , McMahon Kelton W. , Marcks Basia , Nowakowski Catherine
Published: August 2022

Nitrogen is a major limiting element for biological productivity, and thus understanding past variations in nitrogen cycling is central to understanding past and future ocean biogeochemical cycling, global climate cycles, and biodiversity. Organic nitrogen encapsulated in fossil biominerals is generally protected from alteration, making it an important archive of the marine nitrogen cycle on seasonal to million-year timescales. The isotopic composition of fossil-bound nitrogen reflects variations in the large-scale nitrogen inventory, local sources and processing, and ecological and physiological traits of organisms. The ability to measure trace amounts of fossil-bound nitrogen has expanded with recent method developments. In this article, we review the foundations and ground truthing for three important fossil-bound proxy types: diatoms, foraminifera, and corals. We highlight their utility with examples of high-resolution evidence for anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen to the oceans, glacial–interglacial-scale assessments of nitrogen inventory change, and evidence for enhanced CO2 drawdown in the high-latitude ocean. Future directions include expanded method development, characterization of ecological and physiological variation, and exploration of extended timescales to push reconstructions further back in Earth's history.
Cystic Fibrosis Modulator Therapies
Authors: Jia Shijing , Taylor-Cousar Jennifer L.
Published: August 2022

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited multisystemic disease that can cause progressive bronchiectasis, pancreatic endocrine and exocrine insufficiency, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome, liver dysfunction, and other disorders. Traditional therapies focused on the treatment or prevention of damage to each organ system with incremental modalities such as nebulized medications for the lungs, insulin for diabetes, and supplementation with pancreatic enzymes. However, the advent of highly effective modulator therapies that target specific cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein malformations resulting from individual genetic mutations has transformed the lives and prognosis for persons with CF.
Dealing with Careless Responding in Survey Data: Prevention, Identification, and Recommended Best Practices
Authors: Ward M.K. , Meade Adam W.
Published: August 2022

Surveys administered online have several benefits, but they are particularly prone to careless responding, which occurs when respondents fail to read item content or give sufficient attention, resulting in raw data that may not accurately reflect respondents’ true levels of the constructs being measured. Careless responding can lead to various psychometric issues, potentially impacting any area of psychology that uses self-reported surveys and assessments. This review synthesizes the careless responding literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of careless responding and ways to prevent, identify, report, and clean careless responding from data sets. Further, we include recommendations for different levels of screening for careless responses. Finally, we highlight some of the most promising areas for future work on careless responding.
Preparation of Spinel Form Co3O4and CoO2Thin Film at Low Temperature by Electrochemical Method as a Thin Film Oxide Layer
Authors: Hacınecipoğlu Ayşe V. , Gençten Metin , Arvas Melih B. , Sahin Yucel
Published: August 2022

In this work, thin films of cobalt oxides (CoO2, Co3O4) were prepared using the electrochemical method on the pencil graphite and indium tin oxide surfaces. The substrate effect in the production of both oxides has been studied in detail. While Co3O4accumulates on the pencil graphite’s surface, CoO2formation was observed on the indium tin oxide. The characterization of the cobalt oxides was carried out using the X-ray diffraction, Atomic force microscope, and Scanning electron microscope. In this context, the cobalt oxide crystal structure in the range of (−1.0 V)–(+1.9 V) was synthesized on different substrates and at extremely low temperatures (20 °C to 25 °C), using the cyclic voltammetry method, which is a simple one-stage way. Calculated band gap value for ITO/CoO2as 2.5 eV shows a potential use of this electrode in solar cell applications.
Co-MOF-74 Derived Porous Carbon as a Highly Active and Durable Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Media
Authors: Parkash Anand , Soni Hira Lal , Seehar Tahir Hussain , Larik Rimsha , Sultan Syed Haseeb , Qudoos Abdul , Arain Adeel Mukhtar
Published: August 2022

Pyrolysis of metal-organic framework (MOF) to generate nanostructured carbon-based materials is a potential approach for creating carbon-based materials. The development of a cobalt-based MOF (Co-MOF-74) and its application to oxygen electrocatalysis are described in this study. In alkaline media, the as-obtained Co-PC-400 catalyst displayed superior catalytic performance with the onset potential (Eo = 0.90 V vs. RHE) and more outstanding durability than a Pt/C (20 wt%). Results show that the catalyst has a lot of promise in fuel cells. The Co-MOF successfully catalyzes due to its more significant onset potential, higher current density, and extended durability.
Stable Multimode Luminescence Performances of SrGa12O19: Sm3+, Tb3+ Phosphor for Anti-Counterfeiting Application
Authors: Gu Tingxiang , Wang Ting , Ma Qianrui , Guo Haihong , Liu Haozhe , Zhu Xuanyu , Nie Lin , Wang Mingbing , Fang Shuangqiang
Published: August 2022

Fluorescence materials have been widely employed for anti-counterfeiting techniques owing to their high-throughput, facile identification, and simplicity of production. However, the stability of the materials is a prerequisite for their subsequent application. Here, a series of SrGa12O19: Sm3+, Tb3+ phosphors with multi-color luminescence are obtained successfully by the traditional solid-state method. These Sm3+/Tb3+ co-doped phosphors emit green, orange and yellow-green under the excitation of 254 nm, 365 nm, and 254 nm+365 nm UV lamps, respectively. After removal of the UV lamp, the green long persistent luminescence (LPL) phenomenon is exhibited and then vanished 15 s later. The dynamic PL and LPL are associated with the interaction between PL and trapping centers. Notably, as-obtained phosphors show excellent stability against both air water resistance, and high temperature, which features the as-obtained phosphors a great application potential in high-level anti-counterfeiting with high stability.
Expression Profile of Inflammation Response Genes and Potential Regulatory Mechanisms in Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liang Lifeng , Sun Jiayi , Teng Tianming , Chen Lizhu , Li Zejian , Zhang Zhen , Gao Yannan , Zhang Wenjuan
Published: August 2022

Background. The inflammatory response is important in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the expression of inflammatory response genes (IRGs) and regulatory mechanisms in DCM has not been well characterized. Methods. We analyzed 27,665 cells of single-cell RNA sequencing dataset of four DCM samples and two healthy controls (HC). IRGs among differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of active cell clusters were screened from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). The bulk sequencing dataset of 166 DCM patients and 166 HC was analyzed to explore the common IRGs. The biological functions of the IRGs were analyzed according to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. IRG-related transcription factors (TFs) were determined using the TRRUST database. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database. Then, we established the noncoding RNA (ncRNA) regulatory network based on the StarBase database. Finally, the potential drugs that target IRGs were explored using the Drug Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb). Results. The proportions of dendritic cells (DCs), B cells, NK cells, and T cells were increased in DCM patients, whereas monocytes were decreased. DCs expressed more IRGs in DCM. The GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the functional characteristics of active cells mainly focused on the immune response. Thirty-nine IRGs were commonly expressed among active cell cluster DEGs, bulk RNA DEGs, and inflammatory response-related genes. ETS1 plays an important role in regulation of IRG expression. The competing endogenous RNA regulatory network showed the relationship between ncRNA and IRGs. Sankey diagram showed that arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) played a major role in regulation between TFs and potential drugs. Conclusion. DCs infiltrate into the myocardium and contribute to the immune response in DCM. The transcription factor ETS1 plays an important role in regulation of IRGs. Moreover, ALOX5 may be a potential therapeutic target for DCM.
The Role of Decorin in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Dong Yuanji , Zhong Jixin , Dong Lingli
Published: August 2022

Decorin is an extracellular matrix protein that belongs to the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans. As a matrix protein, the first discovered role of decorin is participating in collagen fibril formation. Many other functions of decorin in various biological processes have been subsequently identified. Decorin is involved in an extensive signaling network and can interact with other extracellular matrix components, growth factors, receptor tyrosine kinases, and various proteases. Decorin has been shown to be involved in wound repair, cell cycle, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and autophagy. Recent evidence indicates that it also plays a role in immune regulation and inflammatory diseases. This review summarizes the characteristics of decorin in immune and inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), IgA nephropathy, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis (SpA), osteoarthritis, multiple sclerosis (MS), idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), and systemic sclerosis (SSc) and discusses the potential role in these disorders.
Mobile Edge Computing Application in Enterprise Human Resource Management Platform Based on Task Scheduling Algorithm
Authors: Liu Li , Sun Baoguo , Xu Qingyun
Published: August 2022

With the development of the social economy and the acceleration of economic globalization, human resources of enterprises have become an important factor restricting the development of enterprises. This paper creates an enterprise human resource management platform application based on twin network and mobile edge computing. By allocating computing and storage resources to the network edge close to users or data sources, mobile edge computing supports mobile to complete the computing offload of wireless access network applications. This process significantly reduces the end-to-end delay of the network and effectively reduces the processing load of the core network and data center. The simulation results can see that the average user benefit of all algorithms increases with the increase of network transmission speed and VCPU processing power. In addition to the introduction and popularization of information technology, the construction of enterprise human resources informatization also requires continuous and comprehensive monitoring and analysis of existing internal data, information, and data. The use of network communication technology to build a management information system, through information management, can significantly optimize and improve the efficiency of enterprise human resource management.
Prognostic Signature, Immune Features, and Therapeutic Responses of a Novel Ubiquitination-Related Gene Signature in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Muge , Gong Jiening
Published: August 2022

Growing studies have implicated the association of ubiquitination-related genes (UbRGs) with the cancer progression and the long-term survival of patients. However, the prognostic values of UbRGs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been investigated. Our study aimed to establish a ubiquitination-related model for prognosis prediction and internal mechanism investigation. The transcriptome expression profiles and corresponding clinical information of LUAD were obtained from TCGA and GEO datasets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between LUAD specimens and nontumor specimens. Kaplan–Meier analysis and univariate assays were carried out on DEGs to preliminarily screen survival-related UbRGs. Then, the LASSO Cox regression model was applied to develop a multigene signature, which was then demonstrated in two GEO datasets by the use of Kaplan-Meier, ROC, and Cox analyses. We estimated the immune cell infiltration in tumor microenvironment via CIBERSORT and immunotherapy response through the TIDE algorithm. In this study, a total of 71 ubiquitination-related DEGs were identified. Nine UbRGs, including TUBA4A, TRIM2, PLK1, ARRB1, TRIM58, PLK1, ARRB1, CCNB1, TRIM6, PTTG1, and CCT2, were included to establish a risk model, which was validated in TCGA and GEO datasets. The multivariate assays demonstrated that the 9-UbRGs signature was a robust independent prognostic factor in the overall survival of LUAD patients. The abundance of CD8 T cells, activated CD4 T memory cells, resting NK cells and macrophages was higher in the high-risk group, and the TMB of high-risk group was statistically higher than the low-risk group. Multiple drugs approved by FAD, targeting UbRGs, were available for the treatment of LUAD. Overall, we identified a nine ubiquitination-related gene signature, and the signature may be applied to be a potential biomarker for CD8 T cells response and clinical responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors for LUAD.
Adverse Events following Immunization with COVID‐19 Vaccines: A Narrative Review
Authors: Bhandari Bijay , Rayamajhi Gaurav , Lamichhane Pratik , Shenoy Ashok K.
Published: August 2022

Numerous COVID‐19 vaccines are being administered to people around the world. Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with COVID‐19 vaccines have been reported by health care workers as well as surveillance bodies. A wealth of information on the efficacy and safety of vaccines exists in the literature, and the knowledge in this sector is growing exponentially. A narrative literature review was conducted on sources accessed from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Review from March 2021 to July 2021. This review is aimed at describing AEFI associated with currently available COVID‐19 vaccines, with an emphasis on narrating probable AEFI, and at assisting in a better understanding of the COVID‐19 vaccines.
Effects of Mineral Admixtures on Macrocell Corrosion Behaviors of Steel Bars in Chloride-Contaminated Concrete
Authors: Cao Zhong-lu , Su Zhong-chun , Hibino Makoto , Goda Hiroki
Published: August 2022

Based on the macrocell corrosion theory and by alternating the microcell corrosion state and macrocell corrosion state, the influence of mineral admixtures, such as fly ash, slag, and limestone powder, on the macrocell corrosion behaviors of steel bars embedded in chloride-contaminated concrete were investigated and clarified. The results indicated that the inhibition effect induced by slag on macrocell corrosion and microcell corrosion was obviously better than that induced by fly ash or limestone powder. The presence of slag in chloride-contaminated concrete could remarkably decrease the corrosion area ratios of anodic steel, even if the replacement levels of slag to cement reached 70%. With the addition of mineral admixtures into concrete, the ratio of macrocell current density to microcell current density was decreased to some extent, depending on the types, replacement levels, and replacement ways of mineral admixtures. The use of slag and fly ash in chloride-contaminated concrete can effectively weaken the macrocell corrosion and make the corrosion be dominated by microcell corrosion. The types and replacement levels of mineral admixtures also had a remarkable influence on the control mode of macrocell corrosion. The use of slag was more effective than that of fly ash or limestone to weaken the cathode control mode of macrocell corrosion and made the control mode of macrocell corrosion be dominated by jointed control.
An Adaptive ECG Noise Removal Process Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD)
Authors: Hussein Ahmed. F. , Mohammed Warda R. , Musa Jaber Mustafa , Ibrahim Khalaf Osamah
Published: August 2022

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a generally used instrument for examining cardiac disorders. For proper interpretation of cardiac illnesses, a noise‐free ECG is often preferred. ECG signals, on the other hand, are suffering from numerous noises throughout gathering and programme. This article suggests an empirical mode decomposition‐based adaptive ECG noise removal technique (EMD). The benefits of the proposed methods are used to dip noise in ECG signals with the least amount of distortion. For decreasing high‐frequency noises, traditional EMD‐based approaches either cast off the preliminary fundamental functions or use a window‐based methodology. The signal quality is then improved via an adaptive process. The simulation study uses ECG data from the universal MIT‐BIH database as well as the Brno University of Technology ECG Quality Database (BUT QDB). The proposed method’s efficiency is measured using three typical evaluation metrics: mean square error, output SNR change, and ratio root mean square alteration at various SNR levels (signal to noise ratio). The suggested noise removal approach is compatible with other commonly used ECG noise removal techniques. A detailed examination reveals that the proposed method could be served as an effective means of noise removal ECG signals, resulting in enhanced diagnostic functions in automated medical systems.
[Retracted] The Effect of Social Cognitive Interaction Training on Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Comparison with Conventional Treatment
Authors: Tang Yan , Yu Linhua , Zhang Dongyang , Fang Fang , Yuan Zhaoxia
Published: August 2022

Background. Existing antipsychotic medications may alleviate the majority of patients’ symptoms, but they have no discernible impact on improving social function and quality of life. Psychotherapy is required for the treatment of schizophrenia. However, contemporary psychotherapy technology intervention techniques are limited to a single intervention, and there is a lack of holistic and complete intervention approaches. Social cognition and interaction training is a comprehensive therapy strategy that has been employed in clinical practice; however, the therapeutic efficacy has been inconsistently reported. As a result, we included controlled clinical trials for meta‐analysis in order to carefully assess the efficacy of this therapy. Methods. This meta‐analysis searched all RCT literatures related to social cognitive interaction training (SCIT) published before April 2022 and assessed the effect of this method in the treatment of schizophrenia. The data in the literatures were combined, and the standardized mean difference (SMD) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated to predict the negative symptom score, positive symptom score, PANSS score, and social function score of the patients after treatment. Results. 14 RCT studies including 1167 inpatients with schizophrenia were included in this study using a retrospective observational study method, including 590 patients treated with SCIT and 577 patients treated with treatment as usual (TAU). The pooled analysis showed that patients after SCIT had lower negative symptom scores (SMD = −1.66, 95% CI (‐2.32, ‐1.00), P < 0.0001), lower positive symptom scores (MD = −4.03, 95% CI (‐7.69, ‐0.36), P = 0.03), lower PANSS total scores (MD = −6.33, 95% CI (‐12.43, ‐0.23), P = 0.02), and higher social functioning scores (SMD = 0.77, 95% CI (0.34, 1.20), P < 0.001) than those after TAU. Conclusion. Our findings support that SCIT is helpful to improve the relief of symptoms and the improvement of social function in patients with schizophrenia, providing a basis for the application of SCIT in hospitalized patients and community patients, and can guide the treatment and intervention of patients with schizophrenia.
Study on the Application Effect of the Case Teaching Method Based on Primary Teaching Principle in Clinical Teaching of Radiology
Authors: Gong Tong , Wang Yuting , Pu Hong , Yin Longlin , Zhou Mi
Published: August 2022

Objective. A case-control study explored the application of case-based teaching methods in the clinical teaching of radiology. Materials and Methods. 126 radiology interns of grade 2018 were selected by cluster sampling and randomly divided into the research group and the control group. The traditional teaching approach was used in the control group and the primary teaching principle was used in the research group. The teaching effects of the two groups were compared. Results. The interns’ test scores, the research group’s case summary multiple-choice questions, case-group multiple-choice questions, case analysis questions, theoretical total scores, and practical operation assessment scores were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The total score of dimensions of the interns’ critical thinking ability in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The interns’ perception of teachers, students’ academic self-perception, students’ perception of environment, students’ social self-perception, and the total score of the DREEM scale in the study group were considerably greater than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). After teaching, the scores of systematic thinking ability and evidence-based thinking ability of the interns were significantly increased. The improvement in the study group was more significant than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Following teaching, the scores of learning interest, self-management, plan implementation, and mutual cooperation of the interns in the two groups were significantly upregulated, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Among them, the improvement of interns’ abilities in the research group was significantly better than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The scores of learning goal, learning process, learning effect, classroom environment construction, teaching strategy, and technology application in the research group were greater than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The satisfaction rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The application of the case teaching method based on primary teaching principle in the radiology clinical teaching course is helpful to cultivate students’ critical thinking ability and improve students’ performance and classroom teaching effectiveness.
Soft Hunting Algorithm for Auto-Tuning Software Reliability Growth Models
Authors: Rajani  , Kumar Naresh , Kaswan Kuldeep Singh
Published: August 2022

Nature-inspired algorithms are popular for auto-tuning software reliability growth models in recent decades due to their derivative-free natural tendency to circumvent the local optima problem. These methods have indeed exhibited enormous effectiveness in estimating software dependability. The goal of this study is to present a new nature-inspired approach for parameter improvement of system reliability predictions based on the hunting abilities of smoother-coated otters. The otters’ most notable characteristic is their ability to hunt in groups. In this study, clever otter hunting behavior is used to enhance reliability engineering parameters of the model. Otters work well together and have a strong sense of teamwork. Matte finish coated otters’ smart fish scavenging capacity distinguishes them from many other swarm intelligence-based techniques. Three stages of otter searching are accomplished: traveling in a V formation in the direction of the prey’s movements, advancing forcefully via the stream, and then assaulting the prey on the beach. Three software dependability models are utilized to validate the applicability of the suggested approach. The study’s findings demonstrate that the suggested algorithm outperformed the ABC, GA, and PSO algorithms by 75% and 50%, respectively, in terms of reduced SSE and lower MSE. The smooth-coated otter’s cognitive foraging behavior gives great gain capabilities in parameters software cost estimation system reliability analysis. The outcomes are encouraging for auto-tuning software reliability growth models. Smooth-covered otter optimization can also be used to solve other efficiency challenges.
Analysis of Traffic Accident Based on Knowledge Graph
Authors: Zhang Liyan , Zhang Min , Tang Jiazhen , Ma Jian , Duan Xiaoke , Sun Juan , Hu Xiaofei , Xu Suchuan
Published: August 2022

Traffic accident data include multidimensional dynamic and static factors such as “people, vehicles, roads, and environment” at the time of the accident, which is one of the important data sources for improving the traffic safety environment. Based on the case data of traffic accidents and the construction idea of knowledge graph, the knowledge demand, knowledge modeling, knowledge extraction, and knowledge storage of traffic accidents are analyzed in detail. Finally, the traffic accident knowledge graph is constructed. The visualization analysis of accident is carried out from four angles: accident portrait, accident classification, accident statistics, and accident correlation path. The visualized graphic network displayed by the traffic accident knowledge combines human cognition with machine cognition, which improves human’s ability to understand massive and complicated data. The theoretical system of constructing traffic accident knowledge graph has certain reference significance in the follow-up research on the analysis of massive traffic accident data.
Effect of Bicalutamide Combined with Docetaxel on Serum PSA and VEGF Levels in Patients with Advanced Prostate Carcinoma
Authors: Guo Zhaoxin , Hu Xiaolin , Lv Renguang , Zhang Yongzhen , Meng Liwei , Liu Zhaoxu , Yan Lei
Published: August 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of bicalutamide combined with docetaxel on the levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in serum and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (PCa). Methods. The clinical data of 103 patients with advanced PCa at our hospital between Feb. 2020 and Feb. 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, the 90 of whom screened by inclusion and exclusion criteria were finally chosen as research objects. They were divided into a control group and an experimental group according to the order of admission, with 45 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional treatment, while the experimental group underwent the combination of bicalutamide and docetaxel, and the clinical indices of the two groups were compared. Results. After treatment, the serum indices in the experimental group were remarkably lower than those in the control group (

P
<
0.001

), with remarkably lower incidence of toxic and side effects (

P
<
0.05

) and higher Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) scores (

P
<
0.001

) in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion. The implementation of bicalutamide combined with docetaxel in patients with advanced PCa is effective in reducing the inflammatory expression and improving quality of life and has a higher safety profile. Compared with conventional treatment, this method is of high application value, and further studies will help establish a better solution for such patients.
Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Bitter Leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina) by Using an Ultrasonic Method and Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Biru Meron Asteraye , Waday Yasin Ahmed , Shumi Lema Deme
Published: August 2022

Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) is a common bush or small tree that grows in tropical Africa. In the Ethiopian highland, the bitter leaf has been classified by the farmer as a versatile tree with high biomass yield and easy propagation. It is also well known in traditional medicine and nutritional use. The objective of this study was extraction and optimization of essential oil (EO) from the bitter leaf by using the ultrasonic extraction method and response surface methodology. The experiment was designed by Box–Behnken Design (BBD) with three factors to investigate the effect of sonication time (10 min to 30 min), ultrasonic power (100 to 200 W), and liquid-solid ratio (4 to 8 ml/g (ml of solvent per g of bitter leaf powder)). The significance of the process variables was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the quadratic model was fitted to the experimental results. Thus, the independent variables, sonication time, sonication power, liquid-solid ratio, and their interactions contributed a significant effect on the yield of extraction. As the result of RSM optimization, the best yield of EO was found at sonication time (17.263 min), sonication power (150.677 W), and liquid-solid ratio (6.811 ml/g). Experiments conducted under these conditions resulted in an EO yield of (4.185% g/g). The results exhibited that the RSM and BBD were effective for optimization of studied ultrasonic process variables for the maximum yield of EO from the bitter leaf (V. amygdalina).
Landscape Ecological Construction and Spatial Pattern Optimization Design Based on Genetic Algorithm Optimization Neural Network
Authors: Ban Naiming , Liu Xiulong , Zhu Changyong
Published: August 2022

With the development of computer visual information processing technology, designers use visual image processing methods to analyze and extract the features of landscape ecological space environment, establish visual reconstruction models of landscape ecological construction and spatial pattern optimization design images, and improve their ability to identify and reconstruct the artistic features of landscape ecological space environment. In this paper, a landscape ecological construction and spatial pattern optimization design scheme based on NN and GA is put forward. In the process of image visual reconstruction of landscape ecological construction and spatial pattern optimization design, urban ecological landscape information fusion perception and block area template matching are carried out to realize urban ecological landscape design. Finally, simulation test and analysis are carried out. The results show that the accuracy of this algorithm is high, which is 9.34% higher than that of traditional GA. This method can effectively reduce the iteration times and running time of the algorithm and improve the efficiency of landscape space optimization design. Carrying out the research on ecological planning and design with landscape ecological protection and restoration as the core has important practical guiding significance for guiding all localities to construct landscape ecological security pattern and promote green urbanization.