bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prvi dokaz rikecije Anaplasma ovis u oboljelog ovna
Authors: Šarić Tomislav , Beck Relja , Jurković Daria , Orlović Denis , Šuto Ante , Taraš Ivo , Beck Ana
Published: January 2022

Krajem svibnja 2015. godine u Laboratorij za parazitologiju, Hrvatskog veterinarskog instituta, Zagreb, Hrvatska dostavljena je krv ovna iz okolice Benkovca sa sumnjom na piroplazmozu. Ovan je uz potpornu terapiju vitaminima AD3E i B-kompleka liječen imidokarbom (Imizol 0,5 mL s/c) i oksitetraciklinom (Geomicin retard 5 mL i/m) te je za pet dana prestao pokazivati kliničke znakove bolesti. U razmazu krvi pronađena su periferno smještena intraeritrocitarna tjelešca, a sekvenciranjem odsječka 16S rRNK i MSP4 gena dokazali smo vrstu Anaplasma ovis, dok DNK drugih uzročnika nije bila prisutna. Ovim istraživanjem smo po prvi puta dokazali vrstu A. ovis u Hrvatskoj, ali i u Jugoistočnoj Europi. Od danas priznatih osam vrsta anaplazmi, anaplazmozu malih preživača uzrokuju tri vrste A. phagocytophilum, A. capra i A. ovis od kojih je A. phagocytophilum dokazana u Hrvatskoj. Prema navodima veterinara Veterinarske ambulante Benkovac opisani klinički znaci bolesti su česti u ovaca i ovnova dopremljenih s drugih područja Hrvatska i nikada nisu uočeni u životinja mlađih od pet mjeseci. Treba naglasiti da osim Imizolom veterinari na području Benkovca oboljele ovce uvijek liječe i tetraciklinima što predstavlja i lijek izbora, a oboljele životinje uspješno izliječe ukoliko lijekove apliciraju unutar pet dana od pojave kliničkih znakova bolesti. Vektor je krpelj Rhipicephalus bursa prisutan diljem Republike Hrvatske ujedno pronađen i na oboljelom ovnu. Stoga treba očekivati da je uzročnik prisutan i u drugim dijelovima Hrvatske.
Effects of the Vibration Amplitude in Vibratory Stress Relief on the Fatigue Life of Structures
Authors: Bui Manh Cuong , Nguyen Van Duong , Do Van Si , Phan Van Manh , Le Van Thao
Published: January 2022

This research aims to investigate the effects of vibration amplitude in vibratory stress relief (VSR) on the fatigue strength of structures with residual stress. Experiments are carried out on specimens with residual stress generated by local heating. Flat specimens made of A36 steel are prepared to be suitable for setting up fatigue bending tests on a vibrating table. Several groups of samples are subjected to VSR at resonant frequencies with different acceleration amplitudes. The results show that VSR has an important influence on the residual stress and fatigue limit of steel specimens. The maximum residual stress in the samples is reduced about 73% when the amplitude of vibration acceleration is 57 m/s2. The VSR method can also improve the fatigue limit by up to 14% for steel samples with residual stress.
Adaptive Vibrarthographic Signal Denoising via Ant Colony Optimization Using Dynamic Denoising Filter Parameters
Authors: Gong Rui , Hase Kazunori , Ohtsu Hajime , Ota Susumu
Published: January 2022

This study proposes an ant colony optimization (ACO) denoising method with dynamic filter parameters. The proposed method is developed based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), and aims to improve the quality of vibrarthographic (VAG) signals. It mixes the original VAG signals with different white noise amplitudes, and adopts a hybrid technology that combines EEMD with a Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter containing the dynamic parameters optimized by ACO. The results show that the proposed method provides a higher peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and a smaller root-mean-square difference than the regular methods. The SNR improvement for the VAG signals of normal knees can reach 13 dB while maintaining the original signal structure, and the SNR improvement for the VAG signals of abnormal knees can reach 20 dB. The method proposed in this study can improve the quality of nonstationary VAG signals.
5G F-OFDM Waveform Based Software-Defined Radio Technology
Authors: Ali Dia Mohamad , Yahya Zhraa Zuheir
Published: January 2022

Filtered-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (F-OFDM) is a quasi-orthogonal waveform candidate for the applications of the fifth generation (5G) communication system. In this study, an F-OFDM waveform with unequal sub-band sizes is proposed to improve the spectrum efficiency (SE) of the 5G system. The proposed waveform is modeled with the Blackman window-sinc filter and is developed based on the software-defined radio (SDR) technology for practical implementation. The result shows that the F-OFDM performance of the simulation and hardware implementation is approximately the same. The SE using the proposed F-OFDM waveform is 6% and 5.8% higher than the SE using the conventional OFDM waveform under the simulation in the LabVIEW NXG simulator and under the practical use in the universal software radio peripheral (USRP) platform, respectively.
Los videos educativos como recurso disruptivo en apoyo del aprendizaje autónomo
Authors: Rodríguez Contreras Melba Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

El desarrollo de la globalización y del conocimiento están convirtiendo a la educación en un proceso complejo, actualmente, es activa y requiere de recursos educativos que nos ofrece la Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación (TIC); además, la pandemia de la COVID-19 que estamos viviendo nos ha obligado a desarrollar una educación virtual, por lo que es necesario la creatividad y habilidad innovadora de los docentes para aplicarlas en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje. Por tal razón, el presente estudio tiene por objetivo dar a conocer la importancia de los videos educativos como recursos disruptivos en apoyo del aprendizaje autónomo de los estudiantes desde el nivel inicial hasta el nivel superior. Por ello, se analizaron veinte estudios realizados durante el periodo 2016-2020, documentados en revistas indexadas, en donde se ha podido apreciar los fundamentos teóricos de diferentes autores que han realizado investigaciones sobre los videos educativos como recursos disruptivos y el aprendizaje autónomo, convertidos estos en requisitos indispensables en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes que están participando en el programa educativo “Aprendo en casa” del Ministerio de Educación. Además, el empleo del YouTube como medio para acceder a los videos educativos y permitir que los aprendizajes sean significativos, motivadores y autónomos. Todos los artículos analizados muestran resultados positivos del uso de los videos educativos en la mejora del aprendizaje de los estudiantes y la importancia del YouTube como medio de aplicación de los videos educativos como asistencia asincrónica para los estudiantes cibernautas; también las TIC son herramientas indispensables en la educación virtual.
Analysis of Factors Affecting the Behavior of Coffee Shop Consumers in Jambi City
Authors: Nainggolan Saidin , Kernalis Emy , Carolin Della Zulia
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the behavior of coffee shop consumers in Jambi City. This research was conducted at a coffee shop in Jambi City. The selection of the location of this study was carried out by purposive sampling method. The data analysis used is primary data with the Structural Equation Partial Least Square Model (SEM-PLS) approach. The results showed the behavior of coffee shop consumers most who visited the coffee shop expressed agreement with the choice and decision in behaving. As many as 57.5% of consumers revealed that they chose the coffee shop because the price offered is affordable, coffee served quality, and it has a good taste, and 55% stated that they buy coffee in the coffee shop because according to their consumption needs, the coffee sold has a strong freshness, and has many flavor variants. Internal factors negatively affect the behavior of coffee shop consumers but not significantly. External factors have a positive effect on consumer behavior. Internal factors and external factors with variable moderation of coffee shop variables have a significant effect on consumer behavior.
Analysis of the Use of E-Learning as a Historical Learning Medium during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   SMP Negeri 46 Kerinci,, Ningsih Tri Zahra
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to see how E-learning applications were used in history lectures during the Covid-19 period. This research uses descriptive-evaluative research strategy with Mixed Methods technique (quantitative and qualitative). The descriptive-evaluative analysis in this study is limited to the E-Learning program as a historical learning medium. The subjects of this study were teachers of history subjects and students at SMA Negeri 1 Kota Padang who used E-Learning. Data was collected through interviews, documentation, and distributing questionnaires. This study uses descriptive statistical analysis, namely calculating the amount of data obtained from questionnaire data and then evaluating the data in the form of percentages. The influence of online learning with E-Learning applications on students’ historical thinking skills and historical awareness abilities is substantial. Furthermore, using E-Learning technology into history lessons may aid students in developing a stronger sense of national identity. As a result, it is possible to infer that the E-learning application had a significant impact on history learning during the COVID-19 epidemic.
Renewable Energy Transition Strategy for PT.CI to Reduce 50% Emission by 2030
Authors:   School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung, Hamdani Enrico Yushardi
Published: January 2022

The global and Indonesia energy trend is heading to process of transitioning from fossil fuel to renewable energy (decarbonization) in the purpose of reducing Green House Gas (GHG) effects. Industries as one of the biggest contributors of emission generator expected to participate in this effort, where fuel and electricity play significant roles in running the operation. Many businesses try to participate and state their commitment on this energy transition initiative by increasing the portion of renewable energy within their operation. Meanwhile, business have several uncertainties’ on how the renewable energy will be acquired and will this renewable energy options be available at the time they need it. Campur Plc. (CP) through its subsidiary in Indonesia, PT. Campur Ilmiah (PT. CI) has targeted the entity to reduce 50% of the emission by 2030 with the baseline of 2018, which align with corporate target of 46.2% of emission reduction globally. Uncertainties on achieving this target generated from external and internal factors, and not to forget how to sustainably maintain the achievement. The location of PT.CI in industrial estate need to be considered as limitation because the power and energy supply are regulated. The accessibility, availability and affordability of renewable energy are expected to be handled by the government, industrial estate or other third party in energy business, but the phasing and the achievement up to now has not shown a promising progress. As a business, PT.CI need to have a strategic planning on this energy transition to support the global target as well as shown a positive investment climate in Indonesia. There are four (4) scenarios has been developed and each of the scenarios are explored to identify alternative and possible strategies to still be able achieving the target and how the organization manage these changes. As the conclusion of this research, four (4) strategic imperatives are defined. This research also might be use as the reference of future planning for the similar industries that have the similar target and type of energy mix.
Sexual Reproductive Health: Improving Child Survival Initiatives in Botswana
Authors:   University Of Botswana Corner of Notwane and Mabutho Rd,Private Bag 00712, Gaborone, Botswana, Rapinyana Ogar
Published: January 2022

Improving maternal and child survival it’s an important integral part of health care. A large number of deaths in Africa emanate from preventable diseases and largely in the first month of life. Majority of deaths were from preventable causes such as pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria and all accounting to 14.9%, 9.2% and 7.3% respectively. In an endeavour to the prevent and promote healthcare system, the government of Botswana came up with a special programme geared toward protecting the locals against common diseases. The government of Botswana, through the Ministry of Health (MoH), introduced the Accelerated Child Survival and Development (ACSD) strategic plan intervention with a specific focus on reducing the ‘under five mortality rate’ (U5MR). One of the high-impact interventions for reducing the U5MR is the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy. The strategic goal of IMCI is to reduce death, illness, and disability and to promote improved growth and development among children under 5 years of age. Child welfare clinic and Nutrition has been discovered as one of the strategy to promote child’s growth and development. This strategy can be effective if it is implemented with IMCI and Immunisation.
Spreading of Coronavirus Globally and Pandemic Crisis
Authors:   Department of Physics, Mondal Nagendra Nath
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: There is a lot of speculation, debate, and hypothesis about the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Also the world famous media British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and World Health Organization (WHO) are informing their emergency concern for the public attention. But we are far behind yet to say the origin of COVID-19 and its outbreak. The main purpose of this study is to put an end to all speculations, fantasies, theories and debates.
Elektrik İhtiyacının Karşılanmasında Hibrit Yenilenebilir Enerji Sistemi-Süpermarket Örneği
Authors: YALILI  KILIÇ Melike , ADALI Sümeyye
Published: January 2022

Dünya genelinde teknoloji ve gelişmişlik düzeyinin artışına paralel olarak artan enerji ihtiyacının karşılanması noktasında geleneksel enerji kaynaklarının yetersiz durumda olması ve bu kaynakların barındırdığı dezavantajlar, temiz ve çevre dostu yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından yararlanmayı gündeme getirmiştir. Sanayi ve ticari faaliyetlerde enerji tüketiminin yüksek değerlerde meydana gelmesi nedeniyle, bu işletmelerde yenilenebilir enerji kullanımı enerji maliyetlerinin düşürülmesi noktasında önemli faydalar barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Bursa ili Nilüfer ilçesinde yer alan bir süpermarketin 2020 yılı elektrik tüketim değerleri baz alınarak HOMER Pro programı kullanılarak rüzgar-güneş- şebeke hibrit enerji sistemi tasarımı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Enerji sisteminin maliyeti 2.760.314,5 $, sistemin kWsa başına elektrik tüketim değeri 0,041 $ olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yıllık enerji maliyetinden sağlanacak 74.254,3 $ tasarrufla yenilenebilir enerji maliyetlerinin kendisini 18 yılda amorti edebileceği belirlenmiştir.
Effect of Clindamycin on Reproductive Function in Female Wistar Rats
Authors: K.O Oyedeji , O Okunlola , Richard Zachariah
Published: January 2022

This study was designed to investigate the effect of clindamycin on reproductive function in female Wistar rats. Fifteen female rats
(120 – 160 g) were used for the estrous cycle and histopathological studies. Clindamycin (8.57 mg/kg) was administered orally on
daily basis for 21 and 50 days respectively for the estrous cycle and histological studies. Estrous cycle was carried out using the
technique of Marcondes et al., histologies of the ovaries and uteri were also carried out. Data were analysed using descriptive
statistics and student’s t-test at p=0.05. Treatment of rats for 21 days with clindamycin (8.57 mg/kg) produced significant (p<0.05)
reductions in the proestrous and diestrous phases as well as significant (p<0.05) increments in the estrous and metestrous phases of
the estrous cycle relative to their respective controls. The histopathological study presented with no deleterious effects on the ovarian
and uterine tissues in the rats. It can therefore be concluded that clindamycin probably has pro-fertility effect without deleterious
effects on the ovaries and uteri at histological level in female Wistar rats.
Method Development and Validation of Montelukast in API and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by UV Spectrophotometry
Authors: Chandola Abhishek , Bhatt Meenakshi
Published: January 2022

The present work is done to develop a new simple, rapid, specific, accurate and precise UV spectrophotometric method for
Montelukast as API and in pharmaceutical dosage form. The validation of the proposed method was carried out according to the I.C.H
guidelines. The wavelength maxima was found 270nm and calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range 5-45?g/ml
for montelukast with good correlation coefficients (r2=0.9994.). The precisions of the new method for montelukast was less than the
maximum allowable limit (%RSD <2.0) specified by the ICH. Therefore, the method was found to be an accurate, reproducible and
sensitive for analysis of montelukast as standard, pharmaceutical dosage forms, and other routine analysis method.
Advancement in Ocular Drug Delivery System to Overcome Ocular Barrier
Authors: Nikam Supriya , Ghule Abhilasha , Inde Akash , Jambhulkar Anjali
Published: January 2022

The Ocular drug delivery system (ODDS) is the prominently challenging system faced by pharmaceutical researchers. Ophthalmic
preparations are available in buffered, sterile and isotonic solutions. For the ocular delivery of drugs, various types of dosage forms
are prepared and dispensed. As the drops are easier for the administration likewise more prescribed dosage form is the eye drop
solution. For obtaining prolonged therapeutic effect ointment, suspensions and gelled systems are also used. The presence of various
barriers as anatomical, physiological and physiochemical barriers makes difficulties in delivery of drugs in at the intended sites.
Scientists invented alternate delivery routes to direct access at intended target sites. Second invention involves development of novel
drug delivery systems providing better permeability, treatability and controlled release at target site. The liposomal delivery is
beneficial because they have the ability of envelopment and both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs are suitable for delivery to both
the anterior and posterior segment of the eye. Therefore, the uses of this alternative approach become quite a necessary. This
formulation of novel devices will definitely help to the overcome ocular barriers and side effects with conventional topical drops.
Current reviews on the conventional formulations of ocular delivery and their advancements followed by current nanotechnology
based on the formulation developments. The recent incident with other ocular drug delivery planning consists of in situ gels, implants,
contact lens and nano wafers are discussed. Drug delivery at ophthalmic route has been proven significant advancement for the
future perspectives.
STUDENTS’ WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT ABILITY BY USING LOCAL WISDOM BASED LEARNING MODEL
Authors: Maureen Pricilia Gabby , Rahmansyah Habib
Published: January 2022

This study aim to determine the effect of using local wisdom based learning model on students’ writing narrative text ability at the fourth semester students of English Education Program in Institut Pendidikan Tapanuli Selatan. The research type is quantitative with experimental method. The researcher collected the data by using composition writing test. The sample was taken by using total sampling technique, it was 25 students. The data were then analyzed by using descriptive and inferential analysis, it was t-test formula by Arikunto. The results of the research are the mean score of students’ writing ability before using local wisdom based learning model was 53.54 which categorized bad, then after using local wisdom based learning model was 82.50 which categorized good. The hypothesis testing showed that t-test was higher than t-table, it means that the hypothesis is accepted. The finding of research reveals that there is a significant effect of local wisdom based learning model on students’ writing narrative text ability at the fourth semester students of English Education Program in Institut Pendidikan Tapanuli Selatan.
Indonesian Language Learning Process Through Online System at SDN Class 1V Muara Tiku Musirawas Utara
Authors: Murniyanto Murniyanto
Published: January 2022

This research is looking at the current conditions that hit the whole world, namely the corona virus pandemic. A pandemic that causes the entire order of world life to change in all fields, one of which is in the field of education. Due to a pandemic, all activities outside the home are limited. Education is very important in life, therefore education must continue to be carried out during this pandemic. Schools during the pandemic are completed remotely or also known as web or internet learning. Distance learning interactions can maintain distance, and do not cause extreme sports outside the home, of course to maintain health. Furthermore, to find on the web or the internet the learning steps are well done. Exploration is subjective and the subjects of this test are educators and students of SDN class 1V Muara Tiku. The exam cycle begins with the perception to decide on the school's internet learning interactions. Further meetings and documentation. The information collected is checked using reports or explanations from educators and students. The achievement of learning with an online framework in Indonesian language learning includes (a) the use of whatsapp gatherings, (b) dramatization techniques and online conversations, (c) supporting elements for picking up network distances that must be steady and displaced using media, (d) inhibiting factors for interaction learning is an organization that is often disconnected from the network, the topics are difficult to understand.
Islamic Law on Mediation in Indonesia; Position and Strategy
Authors: Marlina Siti
Published: January 2022

This paper is about Islamic Law on Mediation in Indonesia; Position and Strategy. Islamic law in the context of its position and strategy towards national law becoming positive law has sparked ongoing controversy since independence until now. The various strategies and explanations about them give a special style to the peculiarities of Islamic legal thought in Indonesia. This paper focuses on how the position and strategy of Islamic law in the positivization of law in Indonesia. The plurality of Indonesian law, which is a necessity, becomes a positive partner for Islamic law towards the positivization of legal law nationally. The strategy taken is to unite perceptions which are the substance of Islamic teachings in the meaning of sharia and fiqh in the form of universality values that exist in Islam such as the substance of justice, honesty, equality, balance and the like. The concept of mediation in Islamic law must be in accordance with PERMA No. 1 of 2016, its position and strategy. Mediation is nothing more than facilitating the negotiation process, where a mediator tries to help the parties negotiate effectively and efficiently so that they can reach the decisions they want. There are two simple rules for mediators proposed by Stitt, namely the first is do no harm.
INDUSTRIAL LINKAGE STRATEGIES AND THEIR ROLE IN BRIDGING THE EMPLOYABILITY GAP IN INSURANCE SECTOR
Authors: Kajwang Ben
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Industrial linkage strategies are necessary in any industry since they promote development of new products and technologies and access to new capabilities.The objective of this study is to identify the industrial linkage strategies and their role in bridging the employability gap in the insurance sector. The purpose of the study is to enable the readers understand  the emerging trends in the insurance industry that help to bridge the employability gap and the innovative programs and approaches that foster youth employability.

Methods: A desktop literature review was used for this purpose. Relevant seminal references and journal articles for the study were identified using Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria entailed papers that were not over five years old.

Conclusions: The study concluded that some of the industrial linkage strategies that have reduced the employability gap include; use of high-tech programs, the hierarchy of critical skills and industrial talent strategy. Their role in bridging the employability gap in the insurance sector has resulted in increase in productivity among employers and employees in the insurance sector.

Recommendations: The study recommended that insurance companies should incorporate and partner the high- tech companies who are more digitized, reinvent their workforce models and come up with training programs to nurture and equip their employees with top talent and adaptable skills.
Advancement in State Government Involvement in Urban and Community Forestry in the 50 United States: Changes in Program Status From 1986 to 2002
Authors: Hauer Richard , Casey Cynthia , Miller Robert
Published: January 2022

This study investigated changes in state urban and community forestry (U&CF) programs since expansion of the federal U&CF program in 1990. Baseline data from 1986 compared with state U&CF program data in 2002 demonstrated significant expansion in state U&CF program capacity and assistance to local urban forestry efforts within the 50 United States. Use of Federal Cooperative Forestry Assistance Grants more than doubled, two additional state U&CF staff were employed within the program, time allocated to statewide coordination and regional implementation of the U&CF program approximately doubled, and a 111% national increase in the amount of state money used to finance the program occurred. In contrast, a similar minority of state coordinators in 1986 (40%) and 2002 (42%) believed adequate attention was given by the state agency housing the U&CF program. State coordinators in 2002 also had a similar outlook on the long-term future through expansion, reduction, or elimination of the state U&CF program reported in 1986 with slightly over 60% in both years believing expansion will occur. A significantly similar percentage of state U&CF program coordinators in 2002 (68%) compared with 1986 (77%) thought the state U&CF program would continue if federal funding was eliminated, however with a reduction in local assistance. Study findings suggest many positive changes in state U&CF program capacity occurred between 1986 and 2002 with various indicators suggesting dependence within some states on federal funding to maintain their current capacity.
Pruning Affects Tree Movement in Hurricane Force Wind
Authors: Gilman Edward , Masters Forrest , Grabosky Jason
Published: January 2022

The goal of this study was to determine how different pruning techniques affect trunk movement on live oak subjected to hurricane force winds. Tree movement in wind on nonpruned trees was compared with movement on trees with crowns thinned, reduced, or raised. Twenty trees were blown using a wind generator up to 45 m/s (110 mph) maintained for 3 min. Each tree was instrumented with three orientation sensors at set heights along the trunk to measure its deflection. Thinning or reducing crowns significantly reduced upper trunk movement at all wind speeds, whereas raising did not. Lower trunk movement was not affected by pruning type. These data indicated that foliage and branches toward the top of tree crowns were largely responsible for trunk movement in straight-line wind with those toward the bottom less important. Trees that are reduced or thinned in the manner described could receive less damage in windstorms.
Root Pruning and Stability of Young Willow Oak
Authors: Smiley E. Thomas
Published: January 2022

Two root-pruning methods simulated construction-related trenching and individual root cuts such as from decay after root pruning. Tree trunks were pulled to an angle of 1° from vertical using measured force. A third of the study trees were pulled to failure to determine the relationship between the 1° pull force and the pull-to-failure force. The regression had correlation with r2 equal to 0.76. Utility trenching was simulated with linear cuts across the root zone. Measurable decreases in force applied occurred when cuts were within three times the trunk diameter from the trunk. Force decreased by 35% when a tangential cut was made at the trunk. When individual roots were severed, the pull force was reduced with each root cut. When one root was severed, the decrease in force averaged 12%; when half of the exposed buttress roots were severed, the decrease was 30%. Arborists should avoid cutting any tree roots near the trunk. Linear trenching should not be closer to the trunk than a distance equal to or greater than three times the trunk diameter.
Serviceberry Cultivars Tested as Street Trees: Second Report
Authors: Gerhold Henry
Published: January 2022

Through the Municipal Tree Restoration Program, cooperators planted eight serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.) cultivars in 15 communities for evaluation as street trees, typically comparing two in each community. Standardized measurements in years 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 revealed differences in trunk diameter, height, crown width, and health of foliage and branches. Among the four cultivars that have been tested most extensively, the main difference is that Cumulus® and Robin Hill are much taller in the twelfth year than Tradition® and Autumn Brilliance®. ‘Cole’s Select’, ‘Princess Diana’, Reflection™, and Spring Glory® also have been performing well for 6 to 10 years, but they have been tested at just one or two locations. Survival, growth, and health have been superior on more spacious sites, but with proper care, serviceberry cultivars can do well even along downtown streets. All eight of these cultivars are appropriate for planting under overhead wires.
Discoloration and Decay in Severed Tree Roots
Authors: Watson Gary
Published: January 2022

Roots of honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis), pin oak (Quercus palustris), tuliptree (Liriodendron tulipifera), and green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) trees were severed at the root flare and 1, 2, or 3 m (3.3, 6.6, and 9.9 ft) from the trunk. After 5 years, the severed roots were excavated and all discolored and decayed portions were removed. The furthest extent of decay development ranged between 4.5 cm (1.8 in) in green ash and 10.8 cm (4.3 in) in honeylocust. The furthest extent of discoloration also varied between 6.3 cm (2.5 in) in green ash and 77.1 cm (30.8 in) in honeylocust. The root severing location producing the greatest decay or discoloration varied among species. Natural defect development as a result of severing roots of any size root at any distance is not likely to result in a threat to the health or stability of a tree.
A New and Improved Automated Technology for Early Sex Determination of Ginkgo biloba
Authors: Echenard Vincent , Lefort François , Calmin Gautier , Perroulaz Robert , Belhahri Lassaad
Published: January 2022

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique with male associated decamer primer S1478 was used to amplify DNA from 72 leaf samples collected from Ginkgo biloba trees with known sexual determinism in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland. This marker was found to be male-specific and was lacking in all female plants. Automated random polymorphic DNA analysis (ARPA), a new automated technology developed in the frame of this work, proved highly effective in distinguishing males and females with 100% efficiency and successful in male and female discrimination from a collection of young seedlings derived from a sexual cross. Our findings provide unambiguous evidence that ARPA combined with the male-associated decamer primer S1478 could be considered an efficient, rapid, and easy method to make an early sex determination in the dioecious tree Ginkgo biloba.
Assessing Urban Forest Canopy Cover Using Airborne or Satellite Imagery
Authors: Walton Jeffrey , Nowak David , Greenfield Eric
Published: January 2022

With the availability of many sources of imagery and various digital classification techniques, assessing urban forest canopy cover is readily accessible to most urban forest managers. Understanding the capability and limitations of various types of imagery and classification methods is essential to interpreting canopy cover values. An overview of several remote sensing techniques used to assess urban forest canopy cover is presented. A case study comparing canopy cover percentages for Syracuse, New York, U.S. interprets the multiple values developed using different methods. Most methods produce relatively similar results, but the estimate based on the National Land Cover Database is much lower.
A Ground-Based Method of Assessing Urban Forest Structure and Ecosystem Services
Authors: Nowak David , Crane Daniel , Stevens Jack , Hoehn Robert , Walton Jeffrey , Bond Jerry
Published: January 2022

To properly manage urban forests, it is essential to have data on this important resource. An efficient means to obtain this information is to randomly sample urban areas. To help assess the urban forest structure (e.g., number of trees, species composition, tree sizes, health) and several functions (e.g., air pollution removal, carbon storage and sequestration), the Urban Forest Effects (UFORE) model was developed. Data collection variables and model methods are detailed and urban forest structure results are compared among 14 United States cities with average tree density ranging between 22.5 trees/ha (9.1 trees/ac) in Casper, Wyoming, U.S. to 275.8 trees/ha (111.6 trees/ac) in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Advantages and disadvantages of this ground-based method of assessing urban forest structure, functions, and values are discussed.
Multipurpose Census Methodology to Assess Urban Forest Structure in Hong Kong
Authors: Jim C.Y.
Published: January 2022

Surveys of urban forests in the compact city environment of Hong Kong were initiated in 1985 and regularly updated thereafter. Roadside trees were evaluated first in a tree census and reported in this article followed by urban parks, public housing estates, and special habitats such as old stone walls or special specimens such as heritage trees. The survey method aimed at collecting comprehensive data to echo both tree conditions and tree–environmental interactions. Detailed information was gleaned, with the help of well-trained assistants, on tree sites, tree growing space, tree structure, and tree defects and disorders. A field record form was designed, pilot-tested, and refined to solicit responses to multiple choices or direct measurements to minimize subjectivity and errors in data recording and entry. The study also identified potential planting sites, registering suitability for tree growth, site characteristics, and dimensions. Data fields were designed to be quantitative or convertible to ordinal ranks to facilitate statistical analysis. Locations of trees and planting sites were marked on large-scale maps to permit spatial analysis. Besides statistical analysis, community ecology attributes and custom-designed indices were used to assess urban forest structure. The multipurpose method could be appropriately adjusted for use in other compact city areas.
Resenha: Política Social e Desigualdades - A Educação em Destaque
Authors: Pinelli Laís Vieira
Published: January 2022

Palavra-Chave: Desigualdade Social, Educação, Pobreza, Política Educacional
Sphenoid sinus mucocele with unilateral blindness – a case report
Authors: Šulhin Jozef , Mičaník Jakub , Lubojacký Jakub , Kopecký Adam , Matoušek Petr , Komínek Pavel
Published: January 2022

Mucocele of the paranasal sinuses are benign cystic lesions filled with mucus. They occur in the sphenoid sinus in 1–2% of all paranasal sinuses, most often in the fourth decade of life. Clinical manifestations are non-specific, caused by pressure expansion into anatomical structures immediately adjacent to the sphenoid sinus. They are manifested by headaches, dropped eyelids, impaired movement of the globe, and impaired vision. In the differential dia­gnosis, it is necessary to distinguish them from tumour processes and processes propagating from the intracranium. Computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) play an important role in the dia­gnosis, the definitive dia­gnosis is determined by perioperative findings and histological examination. Curative surgical options include endoscopic transnasal sphenoidotomy with marsupialization. In this article, we present a case of a patient with a mucocele of the sphenoid sinus, which was the cause of unilateral blindness. Keywords: marsupialization – mucocele – sphenoid sinus – endoscopic transnasal sphenoidotomy
Evaluación en música en la educación superior brasileña: un análisis del Enade 2014
Authors: Borne Leonardo da Silveira
Published: January 2022

Este artículo se enfoca en los reactivos de pruebas del Examen Nacional de Desempeño Estudiantil (Enade) 2014 para el área de educación musical. Se busca responder: ¿Cómo están organizado los reactivos del Enade de música referente al contenido y a la forma? ¿Cuál es la relación entre las directrices específicas para el diseño curricular (DCNs) y los reactivos del Enade? La metodología adoptada sigue la perspectiva del análisis de documentos, buscando cuáles son las tendencias en el contenido de las preguntas del Enade, siguiendo categorías surgidas de las DCNs, la política de evaluación brasileña vigente, y partiendo los propios datos, es decir, los reactivos del Enade 2014. Principalmente, los hallazgos sugieren: a) la evaluación no es dirigida específicamente a estudiantes de educación musical; b) un predominio del eje “contenidos específicos” en la distribución los reactivos, entre los tres ejes definidos por las DCNs; c) existencia de sesgos musicales o sociales en los reactivos. Los resultados apuntan que el Enade 2014 es una prueba basada en el conocimiento registrado de manera escrita (con especial enfoque en la partitura), lo que difiere con las DCNs sobre el diseño curricular, las cuales están orientadas hacia la adquisición y evaluación formativa y por competencias.
Análisis de la relación entre el desarrollo infantil y el rendimiento académico
Authors: Morales Rodríguez Mariana , Hernández Eugenio Irving Donovan
Published: January 2022

Esta investigación se encuentra orientada al análisis de la relación que existe entre el Desarrollo Infantil (DI) y el Rendimiento Académico (RA) de alumnos de preescolar de Jardines adscritos a la Zona Escolar No. 04, de Acapulco, Gro. Lo anterior tuvo como propósito identificar si el uso de un instrumento de tamizaje (Evaluación del Desarrollo Infantil, EDI) y sus resultados guardaban relación con el nivel de aprendizajes y conocimientos que los estudiantes mostraban desde la perspectiva de las educadoras que los atendían. Asimismo, se buscó reconocer qué factores inciden tanto en el DI como en el RA y si la primera es uno de los factores relacionados con la segunda a fin de comprender la importancia del DI para propiciar el RA. Para ello se utilizó un estudio mixto con predominancia cualitativa con el cual se esperaba reconstruir el fenómeno de estudio desde la mirada de uno de sus actores. De esta manera se identificó que el DI es un factor implícito en el RA, siendo importante destacar el rol que juegan los padres, las familias y las educadoras en este nivel educativo en su estimulación.
COVID-19 Future Predictions Using 4 Supervised Machine Learning Models
Authors: Vadhavkar Aditi , Thombare Pratiksha , Bhalerao Priyanka , Auti Utkarsha
Published: January 2022

Forecasting Mechanisms like Machine Learning (ML) models having been proving their significance to anticipate perioperative outcomes in the domain of decision making on the future course of actions. Many application domains have witnessed the use of ML models for identification and prioritization of adverse factors for a threat. The spread of COVID-19 has proven to be a great threat to a mankind announcing it a worldwide pandemic throughout. Many assets throughout the world has faced enormous infectivity and contagiousness of this illness. To look at the figure of undermining components of COVID-19 we’ve specifically used four Machine Learning Models Linear Regression (LR), Least shrinkage and determination administrator (LASSO), Support vector machine (SVM) and Exponential smoothing (ES). The results depict that the ES performs best among the four models employed in this study, followed by LR and LASSO which performs well in forecasting the newly confirmed cases, death rates yet recovery rates, but SVM performs poorly all told the prediction scenarios given the available dataset.
PENGUASAAN MURID TENTANG PENGGUNAAN IMBUHAN MeN-, di- DAN BeR- DALAM PENULISAN KARANGAN RESPONS TERBUKA
Authors: ANNE JEFFREY KIHOB  , SAIDATUL NORNIS BT HJ MAHALI
Published: January 2022

Kata berimbuhan mudah ditemui dalam mana-mana bentuk penulisan kerana morfem imbuhan yang diimbuhkan pada kata dasar akan membentuk kata kerja aktif transitif, tak transitif dan penanda pasif bagi ayat yang dibina. Walaupun sering digunakan dalam penulisan, pengimbuhan yang tidak tepat boleh mengganggu kegramatisan bahasa Melayu standard. Berdasarkan analisis kandungan terhadap 31 teks karangan respons terbuka murid-murid tingkatan empat daripada sebuah sekolah menengah di daerah Tuaran, Sabah, didapati 27 sampel karangan melakukan kesalahan penggunaan imbuhan awalan kata kerja meN- , di-, dan beR- . Kelemahan penguasaan varian imbuhan awalan menyebabkan kesalahan morfologi, ejaan dan ketidakgramatisan ayat yang dibina oleh murid. Pada masa yang sama, kesan daripada kelemahan penguasaan imbuhan murid, mereka telah mencipta istilah baharu yang jelas telah melanggar peraturan tatabahasa bahasa Melayu. Oleh itu, kesalahan yang didapati tidak wajar dipandang remeh kerana hal tersebut akan menyebabkan keterbiasaan murid untuk sewenang-wenangnya menggabungkan imbuhan dengan kata dasar bahasa Melayu yang lain tanpa merujuk sistem pengimbuhan yang betul. Malahan, dikhuatiri murid akan melakukan hal yang serupa dalam bentuk imbuhan yang lain. Akhirnya, murid sendiri tidak mengetahui fungsi sebenar proses pengimbuhan. Aspek pengimbuhan merupakan nahu bahasa Melayu yang wajib dikuasai oleh murid kerana agak sukar untuk membina ayat yang tidak melalui proses penerbitan. Bagi menangani masalah penguasaan imbuhan dalam kalangan murid, latih tubi yang berterusan dan pengajaran rumus pengimbuhan perlu didedahkan kepada murid.

 

It is easy to spot affixes in students’ essays as they formed transitive active verbs, intransitive verbs and passive verbs in their sentences. However, wrong use of affixation could cause ungrammatical use of the standard Malay language. Based on a content analysis of 31 open response essays written by form four students from a secondary school in Tuaran, Sabah, there were errors of affixation with meN-, di-, and beR- found in 27 essays. Improper usage of affix variants has led to morphology error, misspelling and ungrammatical sentences. The lack of knowledge on using appropriate affixes has led students to create new terms which clearly do not follow the rules of Malay grammar. The findings suggest that it should not be taken for granted as it would trigger students to bind affixes with other Malay basic words according to their wish without referring to the proper affixation system. Moreover, they may do the same to other affixes. In the end, students themselves could not figure out the function of affixation.Affixation should be mastered by students as many sentences are built from the process of combining a morpheme with other words. In order to resolve this matter, students need to be taught affixation formula and given continuous exercises.
LUTAS CORPORAIS INDÍGENAS
Authors: Pereira Arliene Stephanie Menezes , Souza Symon Tiago Brandão de
Published: January 2022

As lutas corporais indígenas são um contexto pouco explorado na área de Educação Física. Para afirmarmos esse contexto objetivamos realizar uma pesquisa com professores de Educação Física da rede municipal de educação pública de Fortaleza, CE para analisarmos se estes trabalhavam as lutas corporais indígenas em suas aulas. Assim, participaram da pesquisa 72 professores através de questionário on-line. Na pesquisa, foi constatado que 80% dos professores não trabalhavam a temática pela falta de formação inicial e continuada, denotando o desconhecimento dos professores sobre a temática e a privação do conhecimento dos alunos sobre as práticas corporais dos povos indígenas. Justifica-se este estudo como embasamento teórico sobre a temática étnico-racial em que elabora pressupostos que possam tornar exequíveis as políticas de reconhecimento e de valorização dos povos indígenas e fomentar a Lei nº 11.645/08.
INVESTIGATION OF PLACENTAL HOFBAUER CELLS BY IMMUNOHISTCHEMSTRY METHODS IN COMPLICATED PREGNANCIES
Authors: NERGİZ Yusuf , NERGİZ ÖZTÜRK Şebnem , AŞIR Fırat , ŞAHİN Ayşe , AĞAÇAYAK Elif
Published: January 2022

Development of placenta without any complication is essential for normal pregnancy. Placenta is a multifunctional organ that plays a vital role in fetal development. Hofbauer cells are one of the most important groups of placental cells. These cells are placental macrophages and have a role in many placental events. The aim of this study is to investigate the placental distribution and density of Hofbauer cells and to contribute to the understanding of the causes and pathogenesis of complicated pregnancies. In this study, 60 full-term placentas were divided into 4 equal groups: control, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and HELLP group. Placenta were dissected and the samples were fixed 10% neutral buffered formalin. Following routine paraffin wax procedure, 5 µm sections were stained with CD68 for marking Hofbauer cells. In immunohistochemical evaluation, Hofbauer cells in villous stroma showed positive CD68 expression. Immunostaining Findings: CD68 showed a granular staining pattern in the cytoplasm of Hofbauer cells. The group with the highest CD68 positive cell number was HELLP group and the number of cells per cell (1.46 ± 0.25) was significantly different from all groups. CD68 positive cell count in the placental villus were the highest in HELLP group and the number of Hofbauer cells per villus was significantly different from the other groups.
صحابہ کرام رضی اللہ عنہم کی دعوت اور دور حاضر میں عملی تطبیق
Authors: Abdullah Ahmed , Farooq Muhammad Umar , Ahmed Ussama
Published: January 2022

Almighty Allah had bestowed upon his Prophet (PBUH) the best companions who spread all over the world by sacrificing their comfort, home and wealth for the propagation of true faith and religion. The Companions, (may Allah be pleased with them), have been chosen by Allah Almighty for the companionship of His Prophet and been set an example for whole Ummah, because of them getting benefit directly from the light of Prophethood. The work of writing the biography of the Companions in the style of da'wah is of great importance, and effective for practical application also. Obtaining guidance from their biographies can save the Ummah from going astray, and it has been emphasized to follow them. Now these events need to be repeated again and again for the nourishment of the heart and mind, the movement of emotions, the passion for life and wealth, and the virtues of migration and Nuṣrah, so that one may realize his lack of faith and be guided to make true deeds.
In this article, we shall try to understand the preaching of true faith, the method and character of the Companions and the Salaf-i-Ṣalihīn in the scenario of the present age. This article will discuss the components and importance of preaching, the attributes of the preacher in the light of the Qurān, Sunnah and biographies of the Companions. Then its practical application to the present age will be compared and conclusion will be drawn.