bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO Y DESIGUALDAD EN ASIA, EUROPA Y AMÉRICA LATINA, 1990-2019
Authors: Cerezo García Verónica , Landa Díaz Heri Oscar
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el efecto de la liberalización comercial sobre la productividad, la distribución del ingreso y el crecimiento económico, además de examinar la capacidad de absorción que este proceso ha concedido a los países ante choques externos, como el Covid-19. Empíricamente, tomamos pie en la taxonomía de crecimiento y desigualdad de Fajnzylber (1990) y en un modelo panel para evaluar esta relación en Asia, América Latina y Europa durante el periodo 1990-2019. Los principales resultados muestran: 1) co-movimiento entre crecimiento y equidad en Asia, mientras que en América Latina hay rezagos significativos, y 2) la productividad y la competitividad no precio constituyen el factor dinamizante en Asia y Europa.

 

ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INEQUALITY IN ASIA, EUROPE, AND LATIN AMERICA, 1990-2019

ABSTRACT

The paper’s aim is to analyse the effect of trade liberalization on productivity, income distribution and economic growth. The ability of a free-market oriented economy to fence off an exogenous shock such as the Covid-19 pandemic is also dealt with. Following Fajnzylber’s (1990) taxonomy of growth and inequality, we assess the relationship between trade liberalisation, growth and income distribution for a sample set of Asian, Latin American, and European countries over the period 1990-2019. Our main empirical results show that there exist: 1) a co-movement between growth and equality in Asia, but significant lags in both respects prevail in Latin America; 2) productivity and non-price competitiveness are the dynamizing factors in both Asia and Europe
Phenetic Kinship Relationship of Apocynaceae Family Based on Morphological and Anatomical Characters
Authors: Agustiar Ahsanul Buduri , Dewi Masyitoh  , Irda Dwi Fibriana  , Adesilvi Saisatul Khumairoh  , Kurnia Alfi Rianti  , Norma Fitriani  , Muhammad Harissuddin  , Hafidha Asni Akmalia
Published: January 2021

Background: Biodiversity in Indonesia is so diverse, including in Apocynaceae plants that is why it is important to study the kinship relationship to find out the kinship of Apocynaceae.  The purpose of this study was to determine phenetic kinship through morphological and anatomical evidence from four members of the Apocynaceae family. Methods: The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative method.  The samples in this study were four species of Apocynaceae family members, including Adenium obesum, Plumeria rubra, Catharanthus roseus, and Allamanda cathartica.  The indicators used were the morphological traits of stems, leaves, and flowers and the anatomical trait of stomata. Results: The result showed that the phenetic kinship of the four species of the Apocynaceae family member namely Alamanda cathartica had a distant kinship relationship with the other species with a similarity value of 31%. Conclusions: Thus, the familial relationship between species in the Apocynaceae family in terms of morphological and anatomical characters that have a close relationship with Plumeria rubra and Adenium obesum with a similarity value of 44% and the most distant Alamanda cathartica with a similarity value of 31%.
Subchronic Toxicity Test of Indian Almond (Terminalia catappa) Leaves Water Extract on The Liver Histology of Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Rudy Nugroho , Ni Cening Sri Puspa  , Retno Aryani  , Widha Prahastika  , Rudianto  , Hetty Manurung
Published: January 2021

Background: Indian almond (Terminalia catappa) is used as an alternative medicine by the community to treat various diseases. However, limited research has been conducted on the subchronic toxicity of Indian almond water extracts on the liver. Present study aimed to determine the subchronic toxic effects of Indian almond leaf water extract on the liver histology of mice and to evaluate the safe dose of Indian almond  leaf water extract with various doses (125, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg). Methods: In total of 33 male mice were randomly divided into 11 groups, each group consisting of three mice as replication. For 30 days, mice in five treatment groups were orally treated every day with water extracts of green Indian almond leaf while other five groups were given water extracts of brown Indian almond leaves and compare with control group. At the end of day 30, all mice were sacrificed, and hepar was taken out for histological preparations. The histopathological changes in the liver was observed and assessed based on histological damage in the term of degeneration and necrosis. Results: The administration of green and brown Indian almond water extract at doses of 125, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg / kg BB showed a toxic effect on the liver of mice. The toxic effect was due to the high doses, causing a cell swelling damage and increased liver necrosis. Conclusion: Indian almond leaf water extract can cause toxic effects on the liver of mice at the doses implemented.
Antimicrobial Activity and Identification of Gene Encoding Enterocin Enterococcus faecalis K2B1 Isolated from Toraja's Belang Buffalo Milk
Authors: Alang Hasria , Joni Kusnadi  , Tri Ardyati  , Suharjono
Published: January 2021

Background: Enterocin in Enterococcus is coded by enterocin encoding genes namely A, B, P and L50A / B. The purpose of this study was to identify enterocin gene encoding enterococcus faecalis K2B1 probiotic candidate from Belang Toraja buffalo milk and antimicrobial activity to S. typhi. Methods: identification of enterocin gene encoding using ent A, B, P and L50A / B, partial purification using ammonium sulfate on 80 % concentration and antimicrobial activity against to Salmonella typhi using disk diffusion method. The results of PCR amplification are then sequenced and BLASTX on NCBI. Result: Antimicrobial activity of Precipitate and crude against S. typhi are 193 and 201 respectively. Identification gene encoding enterocin shows that Ent A, B and P cannot be amplified and only EntL50A / B can be amplified with a sequence size of 86 bp. The sequence of enterocin encoding genes in E. faecalis K2B1 has 94% similarity with hypothetical protein EB34_00789 E. faecalis on GenBank with accession number RBR60004.1 Conclusion: EntL50A / B E. faecalis K2B1 has a size of 86 bp and is 94% identical to the hypothetical protein EB34_00789 and Enterocin can be used as antimicrobial or bio preservative.
Analysis of Language Literacy Skills in Biological Learning Contexts
Authors: Jihan Azhaar Ramadhanty  , Vita Meylani  , Hernawan Edi
Published: January 2021

Background: The results of PISA showed that Indonesian students' literacy skills in the field of science are still low. Until now, the cause of the problem is still little information reported. This study was conducted to analyze the language literacy skills of students in biological learning contexts. Methods: the methods used in the research is mixed methods research. This research involved 72 science program students who were selected by purposive sampling. The data were gained by observations, interviews and giving the posttest consisting of 17 questions of multiple-choice based on the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) indicator for language literacy in biological learning. Results: That the analysis of language literacy in the context of Biological learning has an excellent literacy with a high category. The research showed that the highest average grade of language literacy was in the integrate and interpret aspects of 75,00. Meanwhile, the lowest average grade in the reflect and evaluate aspects was 57,00. The average overall grade in the language literacy on Biological learning was 70,22. Conclusion: Sustainable literacy activities stimulate higher-order thinking skills, especially in the field of science, because language literacy skills can indirectly affect students' outcomes on scientific skills.
Culture-based Learning: A Way to Improve Students' Cognitive Learning Outcome in Denpasar City
Authors: I Made Surya Hermawan  , Hadi Suwono  , Herawati Susilo  , Desak Nyoman Budiningsih
Published: January 2021

Background: One of the learning objectives is to develop a cognitive process dimension seen in cognitive learning outcomes. In fact, this has not been implemented optimally in the learning process. The Balinese culture-based biology learning model is seen as an alternative to developing the cognitive process dimension. This study aims to reveal the effect of the Balinese culture-based biology learning model through the cognitive learning outcomes of high school students in Denpasar City. Methods: This study was conducted using a non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design. The research subjects were 144 students who were taken using cluster random sampling technique. The data collection instrument was in the form of multiple choices questions which were categorized into questions of lower-order thinking skills (LOTS) and questions of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). Results: The results of data analysis showed that: 1) there was a significant difference in cognitive learning outcomes between the experimental class and the control class (p <0.05); 2) the Balinese culture-based biology learning model increased students' cognitive learning outcomes by 18.21%; 3) the Balinese culture-based biology learning model improves lower-order thinking skills (LOTS) by 8.44% and higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) by 17.92%. Conclusions: This study concludes that the Balinese culture-based biology learning model improves cognitive learning outcomes and has the potential to develop higher-order thinking skills of high school students in Denpasar City.
Work-Life Balance and Job Stress of Employees of a Lone Agricultural College in Bulacan, Philippines
Authors: Esguerra Imee De Guzman
Published: January 2021

This study utilized the descriptive correlational research method wherein a modified survey questionnaire was used to gather data from 107 employees of BASC. Frequency count, percentage, Pearson's r Correlation Coefficient was used in data analysis. The majority of the respondents are female, married, with below five-year work experience and rank and file employees. The total work-life balance of the majority of the respondents was out of balance as more than half of them felt that their work-life balance in terms of work and career, friends and family, fitness and health, fun/recreation and money is on the edge while the rest is out of balance. Only in terms of romance and significant other did they believe that they have a right balance work-life situation. Among the demographic profile, age, educational attainment, and work-life balance in all the seven areas were found to be significantly correlated to the job stress of the employees in BASC.
Prevalencia y abundancia relativa de balanos Xenobalanus globicipitis presentes en poblaciones de delfín nariz de botella Tursiops truncatus en el Golfo de México Sur
Authors: Gómez-Hernández Imelda , Serrano Arturo , Becerril-Gómez Cecilia , Basañez-Muñoz Agustín , Naval-Ávila Celina
Published: January 2021

Xenobalanus globicipitis is a commensal barnacle located on cetacean fin edges. The commensal-host interaction between Xenobalanus globicipitis and the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) has been poorly studied in Mexico. The main objective was to estimate the relative barnacle prevalence and abundance in bottlenose dolphins in three areas and seasons of the Gulf of Mexico. Tamiahua zone showed the higher prevalence (42.4%) and relative abundance (0.60 barnacles/individual/hr-1)compared to Tuxpan and Nautla zones. Whereas, in dry season there were higher prevalence (55.6%) and relative abundance (0.53 barnacles/individual/hr-1)than rainy and winter storm seasons. Therefore, zones and seasons of the Gulf of Mexico influence the barnacle-dolphin interactions.
Sentidos do fio: diálogos com as artistas Simone Moraes e Sonia Gomes
Authors: Guimarães Mariana de Souza , Gasos Evângelo Leal
Published: January 2021

O texto apresenta as transcrições das entrevistas realizadas com as artistas Simone Moraes e Sonia Gomes para o documentário Sentidos do fio, projeto de documentário que versa sobre as motivações e reflexões realizadas por artistas contemporâneos brasileiros cuja pesquisa tangencie a investigação com o fio como materialidade e conceito nesta arte. As entrevistas apresentam um panorama sobre as relações das artistas com o têxtil, a inserção das práticas, originariamente restritas aos espaços domésticos, no cenário da arte contemporânea, a desconstrução e o desfazimento dos usos e a expansão da linguagem.
As ruínas do tempo: memória e levantes
Authors: Rocha Nathalia Lambert
Published: January 2021

Nosso século é marcado por inúmeras crises e levantes. Uma das marcas dos levantes é urgência por novos signos e símbolos que deem conta de representar novas narrativas, marcadas pela diferença e pela postura crítica diante do instituído. Nessa seara o espaço público é palco privilegiado para tal disputa. A derrubada das estátuas reacendeu o debate acerca da memória coletiva. O que está em jogo na construção e na derrubada de monumentos? Os símbolos que estão ali representados ainda fazem sentido? As propostas artísticas de Rosangela Rennó e do coletivo 3Nós3 tocam essa questão e nos guiam na busca por explicitar suas imbricações nos campos da arte e da política. É sobre a perspectiva dos afetos e da análise micropolítica que vai se montando a relação com os símbolos e as narrativas contemporâneas.
Amazônidas: arte-música-poesia-pensamento-combate... em disparos potentes!
Authors: Pinheiro Luizan
Published: January 2021

Este artigo atravessa territórios musicais pra colocar em visibilidade aspectos da vida na Amazônia a partir de um viés crítico-guerrilheiro marcado na percepção e vivência musical de quatro compositores: Vital Farias, Xangai, Mestre Lourival Igarapé e o autor-compositor deste trabalho, que sentem e expressam a Amazônia de ângulos diversos e sensibilidades específicas.
Uma identidade amazônica em deslocamento: o trabalho com as redes
Authors: Santos Ueliton Santana dos
Published: January 2021

Em Uma identidade amazônica em deslocamento: o trabalho com as redes, a rede de dormir ou descansar foi objeto de interesse. Desde a chegada dos europeus no Brasil, tanto pela novidade quanto pela utilidade, essa invenção indígena foi tema de muitos textos por parte de escritores e personalidades. Pero Vaz de Caminha, em carta a Portugal, a cita com entusiasmo. Daí, as mulheres dos colonos portugueses a adaptaram, acrescentando varandas ornamentais, tomando para si o costume local.
Miçangas tchecas como arte na Amazônia? – produção de corpos e beleza na Guiana indígena
Authors: Oliveira Cecília de Santarém Azevedo de
Published: January 2021

A partir dos usos e circulações de miçangas entre povos habitantes das Terras Indígenas Parque do Tumucumaque e Rio Paru d'Este (Tiriyó, Katxuyana, Wayana, Aparai, dentre outros), localizadas no norte do Pará, indico a importância do cotidiano e da alteridade na estética desses povos amazônicos – e como essa experiência traz impactos para além da Amazônia. Mobilizando elementos da história e da cosmologia dos povos da região, trago elementos que podem contribuir para debates sobre autoria, transformações culturais e o papel das mulheres na produção de corpos e de artes. Este artigo foi elaborado a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e etnográfica, incluindo visita ao acervo do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi.
Implementasi Model Bada dalam Pengendalian Schistosomiasis di Desa Lengkeka, Kecamatan Lore Barat, Kabupaten Poso, Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Erlan Ahmad , Widjaja Junus , Widayati Anis Nur , Maksud Malonda , Tolistiawaty Intan , Murni Murni , Mustafa Hasrida , Ningsi Ningsi
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Schistosomiasis in Indonesia has been found in three endemic areas of Central Sulawesi Province and its control program has long been implemented for more than 35 years, but the transmission has remained unchanged. A new integrated and community based strategy, namely “Bada”was implemented in Lengkeka Village.in 2019. The study aimed to determine the impact of the implementation of Bada model to control schistosomiasis using mixed methods. The Bada model consisted of four actions, namely design of village regulations, formation of schistosomiasis control team, the improvement of capacity for several key persons and integrated schistosomiasis control with various sectors. The results showed the increase of stool collection coverage from 54.59% in 2018 to 71.92% in 2019 and the mass drug administration coverage, from 53% in 2018 to 86.04% in 2019. The snail focci areas were reduced from five to three areas. The schistosomiasis prevalence in human was 0% in 2019. The study also found the increasing of the knowledge, attitude, and practice about schistosomiasis and its prevention of people in the study area.. Based on the results, the Bada model can be considered to be implemented in other schistosomiasis endemic areas, with regard to the local wisdom.

Keywords: Schistosomiasis, community empowerment, development of Bada model, Lengkeka, Poso

Abstrak

Schistosomiasis di Indonesia ditemukan di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah dan upaya pengendalian sudah dilakukan selama lebih dari 35 tahun terakhir, tetapi sampai saat ini penularan masih terjadi. Sebuah strategi baru pengendalian schistosomiasis terintegrasi dan berbasis masyarakat, yang disebut pengembangan model “Bada” diimplementasikan di Desa Lengkeka tahun 2019. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mixed methods Pengembangan tersebut terdiri atas empat kegiatan, yaitu penyusunan peraturan desa, pembentukan tim pengendalian Schistosomiasis desa/Tim Peda’, peningkatan kapasitas dalam pengendalian schistosomiasis melalui beberapa tokoh masyarakat dan program pengendalian Schistosomiasis terintegrasi lintas sektor. Hasil implementasi menunjukkan terjadi penurunan kasus schistosomiasis pada manusia dan hewan mamalia ternak menjadi nol, meningkatkan cakupan pengumpulan tinja manusia, dari 54,59% menjadi 71,92%, juga meningkatkan cakupan pengobatan dari 53% pada tahun 2018 menjadi 86,04% pada tahun 2019. Pengembangan Model Bada dapat menurunkan jumlah daerah fokus dari 5 menjadi 3 daerah fokus, juga menambah pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku masyarakat secara signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut Pengembangan Model Bada dapat dipertimbangkan untuk diimplementasikan di daerah endemis schistosomiasis lain di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah, dengan tetap mempertimbangkan kearifan lokal masingmasing desa.

Kata kunci: Schistosomiasis, pemberdayaan masyarakat, pengembangan model Bada, Lengkeka, Poso.
Factors affecting the import of soybean in Indonesia
Authors: Malik Adlaida , Nainggolan Saidin
Published: January 2021

As an agricultural country, Indonesia still imports soybeans to meet domestic soybean needs. The gap between national soybean production and consumption causes the government to import. Based on this, this study aims to analyze the factors that influence soybean imports in Indonesia. The data used are time series data for the period 2003-2018. Data is sourced from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United Nations International Trade Statistics Database (UN COMTRADE), the Central Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia, World Bank, Bank Indonesia, and the Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia. The analysis method uses SEM-Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that the macroeconomic conditions directly affect soybean production and consumption. On the other hand, consumption has a direct effect, but production has no direct effect on soybean imports. Macroeconomic conditions do not have a direct effect on soybean imports. Nevertheless, the total effect (combined direct and indirect effects) is significant from macroeconomic conditions on soybean imports.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE PROMOCIÓN DE ESTILOS DE VIDA SALUDABLE COMO FORMA DE GOBIERNO POR MEDIO DE LA COMUNIDAD
Authors: Cabello Jimenez Cristian Ignacio , Valenzuela Fernando Andres
Published: January 2021

Com base em um estudo de caso, este artigo avança na compreensão dos mecanismos específicos que canalizam os processos de subjetivação no contexto das políticas públicas para promover estilos de vida saudáveis. Analisa a operação do Programa Vida Sana, implementado pelo Governo do Chile, no âmbito do Sistema Escolha Uma Vida Saudável, por meio de entrevistas com beneficiários e a professora responsável pelas sessões de atividade física do programa em um distrito de Santiago. Sua análise sugere a convivência de uma racionalidade de escolha, que tradicionalmente tem sido identificada com o discurso da vida ativa, com uma racionalidade que enfatiza o cuidado mútuo entre os membros de uma comunidade. Propõe-se que isso tenha implicações teóricas para a compreensão das políticas públicas de esportes e saúde como forma de governo através da comunidade.
“PELO MEU HISTÓRICO DE ATLETA […]”: A ANÁLISE DE DISCURSO E A LINEARIDADE ESPORTE-SAÚDE
Authors: Prata Hugo Leonardo , Silva Elizandra Garcia da , Alves Júnior Edmundo De Drummond
Published: January 2021

Nesta investigação, utilizamos o arcabouço teórico da Análise de Discurso, de corrente francesa, além de outras fundamentações críticas. Esta análise se propõe a trazer reflexões sobre os processos de produção dos sentidos do enunciado: “No meu caso particular, pelo meu histórico de atleta, caso fosse contaminado pelo vírus, não precisaria me preocupar, nada sentiria, ou seria, quando muito, acometido de uma gripezinha […]”, proferido em pronunciamento oficial à população brasileira pelo Presidente da República, Jair Messias Bolsonaro, em março de 2020. Objetivando a compreensão do funcionamento discursivo dessa materialidade discursiva, nos valemos de conceitos como estereótipos, pré-construído, interdiscurso, entre outros. Levantamos a hipótese, e buscamos afirmá-la, de que, na materialização deste discurso, está uma intencionalidade de estabelecer uma linearidade entre o esporte e a saúde.
ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES AND QUALITY OF TRANSLATED TERMS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING IN ACCREDITED NATIONAL JOURNALS
Authors: Febryanto Mohammad , Sulyaningsih Iis , Zhafirah Alliyah Anggarani
Published: January 2021

This study investigates the technique of translating mechanical engineering terms from Indonesian to English in accredited national journal abstracts and the quality of the translation results. Qualitative descriptive is used as a research method. The abstracts taken as data are from the national journals accredited in 2019 and 2020, consisting of 59 articles. In collecting data, document analysis is used as a tool to collect data. The results showed that adaptation techniques, common equivalent techniques, literal translation techniques, calque techniques, and pure borrowing techniques are techniques used in translating mechanical engineering terms, and the average value of the quality of the translation results is good. Keywords:  Translation Techniques, Translation Quality, Mechanical Engineering Terms
ANALYZING THE DEIXIS OF SONG LYRICS IN ADELE ENTITLED ALL I ASK
Authors: Salamudin Rian Abdus , Efransyah Efransyah
Published: January 2021

The title of this research is analyzing the Deixis of Song Lyrics in Adele entitled “All I Ask”. The researchers used a descriptive qualitative method in this research. This research are aimed to find out the types of deixis (Personal, Spatial, and Temporal) and the most dominant deixis which found in the lyrics of Adele's song. Based on the results and discussion, the researchers concluded that all deixis which proposed by Yule are found in Adele’s song lyrics. Personal deixis is mostly found in 38 occurrences dominate in this song. The words are “I, me, we, our, ours, us, and my” as the first person deixis, “you, and your” as the second person deixis, and “they and it” as the third person deixis. In the second position is spatial deixis, this, and in your eyes which found in 5 occurrences. The third position is temporal deixis, coming next, tomorrow, and last night which found in 3 occurrences. Keywords:  Deixis, Song, Lyric
AN ANALYSIS OF VOCABULARY MASTERY OF EIGHT GRADES STUDENTS AT SMP AMALYATUL HUDA MEDAN
Authors: Sitorus Chris Yovie , Simanjuntak Mujur , Sinaga Sovicana Liontine , Pasca Tarigan Natalia Widya
Published: January 2021

This study aims an analysis of the student's command of vocabulary. The method used to conduct this study was qualitative design. The data collection for this report, another significant document on the method includes observations, interviews, and testing. The sample used in this paper is 20 students in the eighth grade, one English teacher at SMP SWASTA AMALYATUL HUDA MEDAN. The results showed that the vocabulary of students in Grade 8 was very low, based on an analysis of the data, after the researcher did the study. And the researchers suggest that the English teacher should change the techniques and learning habits to incorporate and expand the vocabulary of students and still make those students feel not bored and difficult, but rather benefit from learning the English language. Keywords:  Analysis, Vocabulary Mastery
THE ANALYSIS ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS OF USTADZ HANAN ATTAKI, LC ON VIDEO UST. HANAN ATTAKI YOUTUBE CHANNEL
Authors: Sholihah Ajrina Al Mar'atus , Syahrizal Trisnendri
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study to analyze type of illocutionary speech acts that used by Hanan Attaki and identifying speech acts utterance by Hanan Attaki on Youtube. The method used in this study is the qualitative descriptive method because this is done only based on the fact and the writer describes the result in from words and the explanation of the result. Data collection method that used is scrutinized method and make a script, is scrutinize use of language by Ustadz Hanan Attaki, then the data is note and classified based on type of illocutionary. In this result the writer analyze all type of illucationary speech act used by Ustadz Hanan Attaki on Video Ust. Hanan Attaki Youtube Channel. The result of this study found 65 clauses that contain the type of illocutionary speech acts, there are representatives (37), directives (22), declarative (5) and commissive (1) each type of the speech acts are delivering different meaning and representative is the most widely used by Ustadz Hanan Attaki. It fits with the illocutionary speech act theory as religious speech containing factual matters raised by religious leaders. Keywords:  Youtube, Pragmatics, Speech Acts, Illocutionary
DEIXIS IN JUSTIN BIEBER’S SONGS
Authors: Ginting Nopika Adelina , Syahri Chaidir
Published: January 2021

This research entitled Deixis in Justin Bieber’s Songs. The aims of this research is to analyze kind of deixis that used of Justin Bieber’s song lyrics in ‘Purpose Album and dominant deixis that used in this song. The focus types deixis which analyzed are: person dexis, place deixis and time deixis.The data used to complete this study is song lyrics of Justin Bieber in ‘Purpose Album. The song lyrics data got from internet browsing. Descriptive qualitative design is used to conduct this research. Having analyzed the data, the findings of this study are: (a) There are three kinds deixis are found, namely: person deixis (you,I, we, it, me, us, your, myself, yourself), time deixis (all day, all night, then, when, once, twice, tonight, at second chance, all the times, night, and place deixis (in this game, in my work, on my own); (b) The deixis words to be analyzed are 145 words; 130 words are person deixis, 11 words are time deixis, 4 words are place deixis; (c) The dominantly deixis that found is person deixis are 130 words or 89,6%. The researcher proposes student should learn deixis from song lyrics, because it’s familiar in society.  Keywords:  Deixis, Song Lyric, Place Deixis, Time Deixis, Person Deixis
LOS FONDOS DE EXCELENCIA EN EDUCACIÓN E INVESTIGACIÓN (FEEI): CONDICIONES, MECANISMOS Y AGENTES DE LA PRIVATIZACIÓN EDUCATIVA EN PARAGUAY
Authors: Elías Rodolfo , Portillo Martínez Ana Gabriela
Published: January 2021

El giro político en América Latina, con la restitución de gobiernos conservadores, pone en relieve la globalización y la privatización como aspectos fundamentales de las políticas educativas.En este artículo se revisan los principales conceptos y enfoques en el debate internacional en torno al concepto de globalización y privatización. A partir de allí, se examina un caso concreto que se da en Paraguay con la creación del Fondo de Excelencia en Educación e Investigación (FEEI) El análisis realizado sobre el FEEI utiliza el enfoque de economía política (Verger, Zancajo y Fontdevila, 2016) que estudia las condiciones, los mecanismos y los agentes vinculados a los procesos de privatización en educación. El artículo concluye que la creación del FEEI apunta a promover un proceso de privatización como parte de una reforma estructural del Estado, donde las decisiones de la política educativa se dan fundamentalmente en el Consejo de Administración del Fondo con una creciente incidencia del sector empresarial en coherencia con las políticas globales en educación y una débil presencia institucional del Ministerio de Educación (MEC).
Sars-cov-2 y sus efectos en el primer trimestre en Argentina
Authors: T Terán , A Layedra , L A Martinez , M F Cadena , M S Pérez , B Lerner
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN: El nuevo virus SARS-CoV-2 es causante de una enfermedad llamada COVID-19 que puede tornarse grave e incluso mortal. El número de casos y fallecidos reportados y el impacto a nivel socioeconómico dan una idea de la gravedad a nivel global que ha generado el mismo. Al ser un nuevo virus, se desconoce aún varios aspectos de este, por lo que el objetivo de este artículo es resumir los principales descubrimientos en torno a este nuevo virus y analizar los efectos de este en Argentina durante el primer trimestre del año en curso, con énfasis en la tasa de infección, la tasa de mortalidad y los casos recuperados para evaluar si las medidas de aislamiento y protección han sido efectivas. DESARROLLO: Para esto se graficó el número de infectados, número de recuperados y número de fallecidos bajo diferentes enfoques, además de realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre su origen, mecanismo de infección, síntomas, métodos de diagnóstico, tratamiento, vacuna y medidas de atenuación. CONCLUSIÓN: Se concluye que aún quedan muchos vacíos que llenar sobre información de este virus para poder aplicar una solución farmacológica, mientras tanto la recomendación por parte de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y el Ministerio de Salud Argentino es mantener el distanciamiento social y el uso obligatorio de mascarillas.
Fractional spectral integral methods for valuing cryptocurrency asset flow fractional differential equations.
Authors: Moutsinga Claude , Pindza Edson , Mare Eben
Published: January 2021

Since its inception in 2009, the cryptocurrency market has grown
considerably. Several authors have proposed models to explain the price
movements of assets in this new emerging market. However, only few
researches have been done using the dynamical approach. This paper
proposes a robust time fractional spectral method for studying a three
dimensional fractional differential equation that models cryptocurrency
asset flow obtained by utilizing the concept of liquidity price. The
method relies on fractional spectral integration matrix operator
approach. Numerical simulations are conducted to show efficiency of the
numerical method on the fractional cryptocurrency model compared to
existing methods.
Spliced HLA bound peptides; a Black-Swan event in Immunology
Authors: Faridi Pouya , .Dorvash Mohammadreza , Purcell Anthony
Published: January 2021

Peptides that bind to and are presented on the cell surface by Human
Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) molecules play a critical role in adaptive
immunity. For a long time, it was believed all of the HLA bound peptides
were generated through simple proteolysis of linear sequences of
cellular proteins, and therefore, are templated in the genome and
proteome. However, evidence for untemplated peptide ligands of HLA
molecules has accumulated over the last two decades, with a recent
global analysis of HLA-bound peptides suggesting that a considerable
proportion of HLA bound peptides are potentially generated through
splicing/fusion of discontinuous peptide segments from one or two
distinct proteins. In this review, we will review recent discoveries and
debates on the contribution of spliced peptides to the HLA class I
immunopeptidome, consider biochemical rules for splicing, and the
potential role of these spliced peptides in immune recognition.
Online Monitoring and Control of Upstream Cell Culture Process Using 1D & 2D-LC with SegFlow Interface
Authors: Chemmalil Letha , Wasalthanthri Dhanuka , Zhang Xin , Kuang June , Shao Chun , Barbour Robin , Bhavsar Sohil , Prabhakar Tanushree , Knihtila Ryan , West Jay , Puri Neha , McHugh Kyle , Rehmann Matthew , He Qin , Xu Jianlin , Borys Michael , Ding Julia , Li Zheng Jian
Published: January 2021

The biopharmaceutical industry is transitioning from currently deployed
batch-mode bioprocessing to a highly efficient and agile next generation
bioprocessing with the adaptation of continuous bioprocessing, which
reduces the capital investment and operational costs. Continuous
bioprocessing, aligned with FDA’s quality-by-design (QbD) platform, is
designed to develop robust processes to deliver safe and effective
drugs. With the deployment of knowledge based operations, product
quality can be built into the process to achieve desired critical
quality attributes (CQAs) with reduced variability. To facilitate next
generation continuous bio-processing, it is essential to embrace a
fundamental shift-in-paradigm from “quality-by-testing” to
“quality-by-design”, which requires the deployment of process
analytical technologies (PAT). With the adaptation of PAT, a systematic
approach of process and product understanding and timely process control
are feasible. Deployment of PAT tools for real-time monitoring of CQAs
and feedback control is critical for continuous bioprocessing. Given the
current deficiency in PAT tools to support continuous bioprocessing, we
have integrated Agilent 2D-LC with a post-flow-splitter in conjunction
with the SegFlow automated sampler to the bioreactors. With this
integrated system, we have established a platform for online
measurements of titer and CQAs of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as well
as amino acid concentrations of bioreactor cell culture.
LARGE-SCALE GENOME SAMPLING REVEALS UNIQUE IMMUNITY AND METABOLIC ADAPTATIONS IN BATS
Authors: Santillan Diana Moreno , Lama Tanya , Guerrero Yocelyn Gutiérrez , Brown Alexis , Donat Paul , Zhao Huabin , Rossiter Stephen , Yohe Laurel , Potter Joshua , Teeling Emma , Vernes Sonja , Davies Kalina , Myers Eugene , Hughes Graham , Huang Zixia , Hoffmann Federico G. , Corthals Angelique , Ray David , Davalos Liliana
Published: January 2021

Comprising more than 1400 species, bats possess adaptations unique among
mammals including powered flight, unexpected longevity given small body
size, and extraordinary immunity. Some of the molecular mechanisms
underlying these unique adaptations includes DNA repair, metabolism and
immunity. However, analyses have been limited to a few divergent
lineages, reducing the scope of inferences on gene family evolution
across the Order Chiroptera. We conducted an exhaustive comparative
genomic study of 37 bat species encompassing a large number of lineages,
with a particular emphasis on multi-gene family evolution across immune
system and metabolic genes. In agreement with previous analyses, we
found lineage-specific expansions of the APOBEC3 and MHC-I gene
families, and loss of the proinflammatory PYHIN gene family. We inferred
more than 1,000 gene losses unique to bats, including genes involved in
the regulation of inflammasome pathways such as epithelial defense
receptors, the natural killer gene complex and the interferon-gamma
induced pathway. Gene set enrichment analyses revealed genes lost in
bats are involved in defense response against pathogen-associated
molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns. Gene family
evolution and selection analyses indicate bats have evolved fundamental
functional differences compared to other mammals in both innate and
adaptive immune system, with the potential to enhance anti-viral immune
response while dampening inflammatory signaling. In addition, metabolic
genes have experienced repeated expansions related to convergent shifts
to plant-based diets. Our analyses support the hypothesis that, in
tandem with flight, ancestral bats had evolved a unique set of immune
adaptations whose functional implications remain to be explored.
Variants of the Aortic Arch in Adult General Population and their Association with Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Disease
Authors: Yousef Sameh , singh saket , AlKukhun Abedalrazaq , Alturkmani Bilal , Mori Makoto , Chen Julia , Mullan Clancy , Brooks Cornell , Assi Roland , Gruber Peter , Cortopassi Isabel , Geirsson Arnar , Vallabhajosyula Prashanth
Published: January 2021

Background. Query a single institution computed tomography (CT) database
to assess the prevalence of aortic arch anomalies in general adult
population and their potential association with thoracic aortopathies.
Methods. CT chest scan reports of patients aged 50-85 years old
performed for any indication at a single health system between 2013 and
2016 were included in the analysis. Characteristics of patients with and
without aortic arch anomalies were compared by t-test and Fisher exact
tests. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess for
independent risk factors of thoracic aortic aneurysm. Results. Of 21,336
CT scans, 603 (2.8%) described arch anomalies. Bovine arch (n=354,
58.7%) was the most common diagnosis. Patients with arch anomalies were
more likely to be female (p<0.001),
non-Caucasian(p<0.001), and hypertensive (p<0.001).
Prevalence of thoracic aortic aneurysm in arch anomalies group was
10.8% (n=65) compared to 4.1% (n=844) in the non-arch anomaly cohort
(p<0.001). The highest prevalence of thoracic aneurysm was
associated with right-sided arch combined with aberrant left subclavian
configuration (33%), followed by bovine arch (13%), and aberrant right
subclavian artery (8.2%). On binary logistic regression, arch anomaly
(OR=2.85 [2.16-3.75]), aortic valve pathology (OR 2.93
[2.31-3.73]), male sex (OR 2.38 [2.01-2.80]), and hypertension
(OR 1.47 [1.25-1.73]) were significantly associated with increased
risk of thoracic aneurysm disease. Conclusions. Reported prevalence of
aortic arch anomalies by CT imaging in the older adult population is
~3%, with high association of thoracic aortic aneurysm
(OR=2.85) incidence in this subgroup. This may warrant a more tailored
surveillance strategy for aneurysm disease in this subpopulation.
LA TEORIA DI SAATY E L’ APPLICAZIONE SUL TIRRENO-BRENNERO
Authors: Sabia Valeria , Ametrano Antonietta , FACCENDA IRMA
Published: January 2021

L’ ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS, nasce dal matematico Thomas Saaty, negli
anni Settanta per organizzare ed analizzare decisioni complesse.
L’analisi è composta da tre parti: il problema (goal) che si sta
cercando di risolvere, tutte le possibili soluzioni (alternative) e i
criteri su cui si giudicheranno quest’ ultime.
Design and simulation of a hybrid system based on renewable energy for hydrogen production
Authors: Alayi Reza , Kamarposhti Mehrdad Ahmadi , Gharibi Majid , zanghaneh Sara Abbasi , Jahangiri Mehdi , Milewski Jaroslaw , Szablowski Lukasz , Stephenson David
Published: January 2021

Transitioning to renewable energy is part of the answer to, on the one
hand, growing industrial development and the rising demand for energy
and, on the other,  environmental concerns and the need to preserve
fossil fuel resources for future generations. This research focuses on
the potential for integrating hydrogen storage into a highly reliable
renewable energy system. The purpose of this study is to determine the
potential of renewable energy in an Iranian location, in a project that
looks at a power grid in various connected and disconnected scenarios
involving hydrogen storage. The energy potential is identified: annual
production capacity is 2218818 kW, requiring a total investment outlay
of US$697,624.
Links between the Creating Shared Value Concept and a Company's Marketing Strategy
Authors: Grzegorczyk Wojciech
Published: January 2021

The aim of the article is to try to define the relationship between the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the creating shared value (CSV) concepts and marketing strategy. To achieve this goal, a method of critical analysis of national and foreign literature relating to these issues was used. On this basis, conclusions were formulated defining the scope and content of these relations. They relate primarily to a company's mission, marketing research and marketing strategy. The relationship between the CSV concept and marketing strategy can be particularly seen in the evaluation and selection of new geographic markets and new buyer segments. They refer to changes in product policy - creation of products constituting common value. Relationships also relate to distribution policy, which may include the creation of local clusters and the inclusion of companies from these markets in production and distribution. (original abstract)
Self-Generated Economic Activity as a form of Employment for People With Disabilities
Authors: Stolarczyk Paulina
Published: January 2021

The article presents the factors that limit starting one's own business. Self-employment is one way to integrate disabled people into the labour market and to utilize resources from the labour force of disabled people. The results are obtained on the basis of a study conducted by the author in the Mazowieckie Voivodeship among people with disabilities. The conducted research shows that self-employment is not willingly chosen by people with disabilities. People with disabilities see many negative factors (reasons) that make it difficult to set up and run their own businesses. Their state of health and a lack of resources are the main hindrances to starting a business. The tools/instruments used by the state to facilitate self-employment are also indicated. Through self-employment people with disabilities create a workplace (position) for themselves and decide to enter or return to the labour market. Bureacratic support and appropriate motivation to take up professional activity is also very important as it reduces the number of those who remain unemployed. (original abstract)
Development of an Educational Program Using Ultrasonography in Vascular Access for Nurse Practitioner Studensts
Authors: Kaganovskaya Marcel , Wuerz Lorelle
Published: January 2021

Highlights

Ultrasonography is an important tool for vascular access practice. Ultrasound should be used for vascular access assessment and insertion. Ultrasonography should be incorporated into formal nursing education curriculum and simulation training.
Cutaneous Scarring
Authors: Ogawa Rei , Orgill Dennis P
Published: January 2021

Keloids and hypertrophic scars are caused by cutaneous injury and irritation, including trauma, insect bite, burn, surgery, vaccination, skin piercing, acne, folliculitis, chicken pox, and herpes zoster infection. Notably, superficial injuries that do not reach the reticular dermis never cause keloid and hypertrophic scarring. This suggests that these pathologic scars are due to injury to this skin layer and the subsequent aberrant wound healing therein. Various external and internal postwounding stimuli may promote reticular inflammation. Specifically, it is likely that the intensity, frequency, and duration of these stimuli determine how quickly the scars appear, the direction and speed of growth, and the intensity of symptoms. These proinflammatory stimuli include a variety of local, systemic, and genetic factors. At present, physicians cannot (or at least find it very difficult to) control systemic and genetic risk factors of keloids and hypertrophic scars. However, they can use a number of treatment modalities that all, interestingly, act by reducing inflammation. These include corticosteroid injection or tape or ointment, radiotherapy, compression therapy, stabilization therapy, and surgical methods that reduce skin tension.

This review contains 11 figures and 41 references.
Key Words: atrophic scar, hypertrophic scar, keloid, mature scar, pathologic scar, wound healing
Risk Factors and Epidemiology of Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Waxman Aaron B , Aday Aaron W
Published: January 2021

More than 200,000 individuals are hospitalized with an acute pulmonary embolism in the United States annually. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, pulmonary embolism accounts for nearly 1% of all cardiovascular-related deaths each year in the United States alone. Those who survive an acute episode remain at a risk of recurrent events as well as ongoing dyspnea, reduced quality of life, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Recognized risk factors for pulmonary embolism include advanced age, obesity, smoking, malignancy, immobilization from any cause, pregnancy and the postpartum period, oral contraceptives, and hormone replacement therapy. Numerous heritable and acquired thrombophilias increase the risk of pulmonary embolism. Additionally, inflammation and autoimmune disorders are increasingly recognized as potent risk factors for pulmonary embolism.

This review contains 3 figures, 6 tables, 54 references.
Key Words: anticoagulation, deep vein thrombosis, epidemiology, genetics, inflammation, malignancy, pulmonary embolism, thrombosis, venous thromboembolism
Dysphagia
Authors: Sundaresan R. Sudhir , McGuire Anna L.
Published: January 2021

Dysphagia may be oropharyngeal or esophageal. Evaluation is described, including a thorough dysphagia history of associated painful swallowing, location, solids versus liquids, intermittent versus progressive, acute versus gradual onset, and associated symptoms such as weight loss. Physical examination and key diagnostic tests are also reviewed. The evidence-based management of various etiologies of esophageal dysphagia are summarized. Motor disorders described include achalasia, the other primary esophageal motility disorders, and the most common secondary esophageal motility disorders. Esophageal diverticulae are also reviewed in this section. Mechanical esophageal obstruction is presented, including discussions of esophageal webs, rings, peptic stricture, and cancer. Important inflammatory and infectious causes of dysphagia are described, including caustic ingestion, eosinophilic esophagitis, and esophageal infections. The oral phases of liquid and solid swallowing are presented, as are the pharyngeal and esophageal phases of swallowing. Figures show the results of several diagnostic tests and other conditions, including pharyngeoesophageal diverticulum, giant epiphrenic diverticulum, Schatzki ring, and midesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. A flowchart outlines evaluation and management of dysphagia. 
This review contains 13 figures, 12 tables, and 68 references. 
Keyword: Esophageal cancer, Achalasia, Diffuse esophageal spasm, Esophageal ring, Peptic esophagitis, Eosinophilic esophagitis, Scleroderma, Esophageal stricture, Chagas disease, Stroke
Prevention of Postoperative Infection
Authors: Uhlich Rindi , Hu Parker , Bosarge Patrick L
Published: January 2021

Surgical site infection remains a preeminent focus of perioperative care given its huge potential to impact outcomes, length of stay, and mortality. Numerous governmental and regulatory bodies have developed recommendations to limit the incidence of surgical site infection. These recommendations continue to evolve at a rapid pace, with all aspects of perioperative care sharing ongoing scrutiny. Implementation of these strategies should remain the focus of all providers to limit the incidence of postoperative infections and optimize outcomes.
This review contains 4 figures, 14 tables, and 109 references.
Key words: antibiotic, complication, infection, preoperative, preparation, postoperative, scrub, surgical site infection