bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Benchmark Values for Redo Liver Transplantation
Authors: Abbassi Fariba , Gero Daniel , Muller Xavier , Bueno Alba , Figiel Wojciech , Robin Fabien , Laroche Sophie , Picard Benjamin , Shankar Sadhana , Ivanics Tommy , van Reeven Marjolein , van Leeuwen Otto B. , Braun Hillary J. , Monbaliu Diethard , Breton Antoine , Vachharajani Neeta , Bonaccorsi Riani Eliano , Nowak Greg , McMillan Robert R. , Abu-Gazala Samir , Nair Amit , Bruballa Rocio , Paterno Flavio , Weppler Sears Deborah , Pinna Antonio D. , Guarrera James V. , de Santibañes Eduardo , de Santibañes Martin , Hernandez-Alejandro Roberto , Olthoff Kim , Ghobrial R Mark , Ericzon Bo-Göran , Ciccarelli Olga , Chapman William C. , Mabrut Jean-Yves , Pirenne Jacques , Müllhaupt Beat , Ascher Nancy L. , Porte Robert J. , de Meijer Vincent E. , Polak Wojciech G. , Sapisochin Gonzalo , Attia Magdy , Soubrane Olivier , Weiss Emmanuel , Adam René A. , Cherqui Daniel , Boudjema Karim , Zieniewicz Krzysztof , Jassem Wayel , Dutkowski Philipp , Clavien Pierre-Alain
Published: July 2022

Objective:

To define benchmark cutoffs for redo liver transplantation (redo-LT).

Background:

In the era of organ shortage, redo-LT is frequently discussed in terms of expected poor outcome and wasteful resources. However, there is a lack of benchmark data to reliably evaluate outcomes after redo-LT.

Methods:

We collected data on redo-LT between January 2010 and December 2018 from 22 high-volume transplant centers. Benchmark cases were defined as recipients with model of end stage liver disease (MELD) score ≤25, absence of portal vein thrombosis, no mechanical ventilation at the time of surgery, receiving a graft from a donor after brain death. Also, high-urgent priority and early redo-LT including those for primary nonfunction (PNF) or hepatic artery thrombosis were excluded. Benchmark cutoffs were derived from the 75th percentile of the medians of all benchmark centers.

Results:

Of 1110 redo-LT, 373 (34%) cases qualified as benchmark cases. Among these cases, the rate of postoperative complications until discharge was 76%, and increased up to 87% at 1-year, respectively. One-year overall survival rate was excellent with 90%. Benchmark cutoffs included Comprehensive Complication Index CCI® at 1-year of ≤72, and in-hospital and 1-year mortality rates of ≤13% and ≤15%, respectively. In contrast, patients who received a redo-LT for PNF showed worse outcomes with some values dramatically outside the redo-LT benchmarks.

Conclusion:

This study shows that redo-LT achieves good outcome when looking at benchmark scenarios. However, this figure changes in high-risk redo-LT, as for example in PNF. This analysis objectifies for the first-time results and efforts for redo-LT and can serve as a basis for discussion about the use of scarce resources.
Compression principle and Zipf’s Law of brevity in infochemical communication
Authors: Hernández-Fernández Antoni , Torre Iván G.
Published: July 2022

Compression has been presented as a general principle of animal communication. Zipf’s Law of brevity is a manifestation of this postulate and can be generalized as the tendency of more frequent communicative elements to be shorter. Previous works supported this claim, showing evidence of Zipf’s Law of brevity in animal acoustical communication and human language. However, a significant part of the communicative effort in biological systems is carried out in other transmission channels, such as those based on infochemicals. To fill this gap, we seek, for the first time, evidence of this principle in infochemical communication by analysing the statistical tendency of more frequent infochemicals to be chemically shorter and lighter. We analyse data from the largest and most comprehensive open-access infochemical database known as Pherobase, recovering Zipf’s Law of brevity in interspecific communication (allelochemicals) but not in intraspecific communication (pheromones). Moreover, these results are robust even when addressing different magnitudes of study or mathematical approaches. Therefore, different dynamics from the compression principle would dominate intraspecific chemical communication, defying the universality of Zipf’s Law of brevity. To conclude, we discuss the exception found for pheromones in the light of other potential communicative paradigms such as pressures on successful communication or the Handicap principle.
The first records of sea star wasting disease in
Crossaster papposus
in Europe
Authors: Smith Samuel , Hewson Ian , Collins Patrick
Published: July 2022

Sea star wasting disease (SSWD) refers to a suite of gross pathological signs observed in Asteroidea species. It presents to varying degrees as abnormal posture, epidermal ulceration, arm autotomy and eversion of viscera. We report observations of SSWD in the sunstar
Crossaster papposus,
the first observations of its kind in Europe. While the exact cause of SSWD remains unknown, studies have proposed pathogenic and environmental-stress pathways for disease outbreaks. Although the present observations do not support a precise aetiology, the presence of SSWD in a keystone predator may have wide reaching ecological and management implications.
Bruce Macintosh Cattanach. 5 November 1932—8 April 2020
Authors: Peters Jo , Rastan Sohaila
Published: July 2022

Bruce Macintosh Cattanach (5 November 1932–8 April 2020) was a pioneer of classical mouse genetics, who started and developed the field of chemical mutagenesis in mice and went on to discover autosomal imprinting in mammals. Furthermore, his work laid the foundations for deciphering mammalian sex determination. His discovery of the ‘flecked’ mouse during his PhD studies enabled progress in understanding X chromosome inactivation. He was a deep and incisive thinker, a meticulous experimentalist and an exceptionally good observer with a keen eye for detecting phenotypic abnormalities in mice and recognizing their biological significance. He considered his research his ‘paid hobby’, but also made significant achievements in his ‘unpaid hobby’, the breeding and showing of pedigree Boxer dogs.
Are control processes domain-general? A replication of ‘To adapt or not to adapt? The question of domain-general cognitive control’ (Kan
et al.
2013)
Authors: Dudschig Carolin
Published: July 2022

Conflict and conflict adaptation are well-studied phenomena in experimental psychology. Standard tasks investigating causes and outcomes of conflict during information processing include the Stroop, the Flanker and the Simon task. Interestingly, recent research efforts have moved toward investigating whether conflict in one task domain influences information processing in another task domain, typically referred to as cross-task conflict adaptation. These transfer effects are of central importance for theories about our cognitive architecture, as they are interpreted as pointing towards domain-general cognitive mechanisms. Given the importance of these cross-task transfer effects, the current paper targets at replicating one of the key findings. Specifically, Kan
et al.
(Kan
et al
. 2013
Cognition
129
, 637–651) showed that reading syntactically ambiguous sentences result in processing adjustments in subsequent Stroop trials. This result is in line with the idea that conflict monitoring works in a domain overarching manner. The present paper presents two replication studies: (i) exact replication: identical sentence-reading task intermixed with stimulus-based Stroop task and (ii) conceptual replication: identical sentence-reading task intermixed with response-based Stroop task. Power calculations were based on the original paper. Both experiments were pre-registered. Despite the experiments being closely designed according to the original study, there was no evidence supporting the hypothesis regarding cross-domain conflict adaptation.
Predicting ground reaction forces of human gait using a simple bipedal spring-mass model
Authors: Mauersberger Michael , Hähnel Falk , Wolf Klaus , Markmiller Johannes F. C. , Knorr Alexander , Krumm Dominik , Odenwald Stephan
Published: July 2022

Aircraft design must be lightweight and cost-efficient on the condition of aircraft certification. In addition to standard load cases, human-induced loads can occur in the aircraft interior. These are crucial for optimal design but difficult to estimate. In this study, a simple bipedal spring-mass model with roller feet predicted human-induced loads caused by human gait for use within an end-to-end design process. The prediction needed no further experimental data. Gait movement and ground reaction force (GRF) were simulated by means of two parameter constraints with easily estimable input variables (gait speed, body mass, body height). To calibrate and validate the prediction model, experiments were conducted in which 12 test persons walked in an aircraft mock-up under different conditions. Additional statistical regression models helped to compensate for bipedal model limitations. Direct regression models predicted single GRF parameters as a reference without a bipedal model. The parameter constraint with equal gait speed in experiment and simulation yielded good estimates of force maxima (error 5.3%), while equal initial GRF gave a more reliable prediction. Both parameter constraints predicted contact time very well (error 0.9%). Predictions with the bipedal model including full GRF curves were overall as reliable as the reference.
IFNγ-primed periodontal ligament cells regulate T-cell responses via IFNγ-inducible mediators and ICAM-1-mediated direct cell contact
Authors: Singhatanadgit Weerachai , Kitpakornsanti Setthawut , Toso Montree , Pavasant Prasit
Published: July 2022

Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells help maintain tissue homeostasis by balancing PDL tissue inflammation and regeneration. However, the mechanisms by which interferon γ (IFNγ) modulate this process are not yet fully understood. The present study aimed to examine the effect of primed and non-primed PDL cells with IFNγ on the viability and differentiation of T lymphocytes and its functional consequences. The results showed that IFNγ-primed PDL cells possessed enhanced immunosuppression by suppressing T-lymphocyte viability and directing T-lymphocyte differentiation towards a higher T helper (Th) Th2/Th1 ratio. Suppression of T-cell viability was mainly mediated by IFNγ-inducible secreted mediators, which was prevented in the presence of direct cell contact, probably by intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-induced PI3 K-mediated transforming growth factor β1 expression in PDL cells. By contrast, ICAM-1 activation augmented IFNγ-induced IFNγ and interleukin-6 expression in PDL cells, which in turn modulated T-cell differentiation. The resulting interaction between these two cell types activated macrophage and suppressed osteoclast differentiation. In conclusion, the results have shown, for the first time to our knowledge, that primed and non-primed PDL cells with IFNγ differentially control T-cell responses via IFNγ-inducible mediators and ICAM-1-mediated direct cell contact, suggesting the role of PDL cells in shifting an inflammatory phase towards a regenerative phase.
Insights into selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid using copper on manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves
Authors: Mazumdar Nayan J. , Deshmukh Gunjan , Rovea Anna , Kumar Praveen , Arredondo-Arechavala Miryam , Manyar Haresh
Published: July 2022

Selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) was studied using copper on manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) as catalysts. A range of copper supported on OMS-2 catalysts was prepared using the modified wet-impregnation technique and characterized thoroughly using powder X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy metal analysis, Fourier transform infrared, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and N
2
sorption analyses. Process parameters for selective hydrogenation of LA to GVL were optimized using the design of experiment (DoE) approach with response surface methodology comprising a central composite design. Using the optimized conditions (190°C reaction temperature, 20 bar H
2
pressure and 20 wt% Cu loading on OMS-2), up to 98% yield of GVL could be achieved in water as a solvent. Based on DoE, H
2
pressure had the most influence on GVL selectivity followed by catalyst loading used for the hydrogenation of LA. The response surface methodology model also showed synergistic effect of reaction temperature and H
2
pressure on the yield of GVL. 20 wt% Cu/OMS-2 catalysts were re-used up to four cycles and showed noticeable loss of activity after the first cycle due to observed leaching of loose Cu species, thereafter the activity loss diminished during subsequent recycles.
Discrepancy review: a feasibility study of a novel peer review intervention to reduce undisclosed discrepancies between registrations and publications
Authors:   TARG Meta-Research Group and Collaborators
Published: July 2022

Undisclosed discrepancies often exist between study registrations and their associated publications. Discrepancies can increase risk of bias, and when undisclosed, they disguise this increased risk of bias from readers. To remedy this issue, we developed an intervention called
discrepancy review
. We provided journals with peer reviewers specifically assigned to check for undisclosed discrepancies between registrations and manuscripts submitted to journals. We performed discrepancy review on 18 manuscripts submitted to
Nicotine and Tobacco Research
and three manuscripts submitted to the
European Journal of Personality
. We iteratively refined the discrepancy review process based on feedback from discrepancy reviewers, editors and authors. Authors addressed the majority of discrepancy reviewer comments, and there was no opposition to running a trial from authors, editors or discrepancy reviewers. Outcome measures for a trial of discrepancy review could include the presence of primary or secondary outcome discrepancies, whether publications that are not the primary report from a clinical trial registration are clearly described as such, whether registrations are permanent, and an overarching subjective assessment of the impact of discrepancies in published articles. We found that discrepancy review could feasibly be introduced as a regular practice at some journals interested in this process. A full trial of discrepancy review would be needed to evaluate its impact on reducing undisclosed discrepancies.
Experimental characterization and automatic identification of stridulatory sounds inside wood
Authors: Bedoya Carol L. , Nelson Ximena J. , Brockerhoff Eckehard G. , Pawson Stephen , Hayes Michael
Published: July 2022

The propagation of animal vocalizations in water and in air is a well-studied phenomenon, but sound produced by bark and wood-boring insects, which feed and reproduce inside trees, is poorly understood. Often being confined to the dark and chemically saturated habitat of wood, many bark- and woodborers have developed stridulatory mechanisms to communicate acoustically. Despite their ecological and economic importance and the unusual medium used for acoustic communication, very little is known about sound production in these insects, or their acoustic interactions inside trees. Here, we use bark beetles (Scolytinae) as a model system to study the effects of wooden tissue on the propagation of insect stridulations and propose algorithms for their automatic identification. We characterize distance dependence of the spectral parameters of stridulatory sounds, propose data-based models for the power decay of the stridulations in both outer and inner bark, provide optimal spectral ranges for stridulation detectability and develop automatic methods for their detection and identification. We also discuss the acoustic discernibility of species cohabitating the same log. The species tested can be acoustically identified with 99% of accuracy at distances up to 20 cm and detected to the greatest extent in the 2–6 kHz frequency band. Phloem was a better medium for sound transmission than bark.
Effect of stacking order on the vibration properties of bilayer black phosphorus
Authors: Zhang Jicheng , Hou Dongchang , Liu Rumeng , Wang Lifeng
Published: July 2022

The effect of the stacking order of bilayer black phosphorus (BLBP) on the vibration properties is investigated by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and continuum modelling. The results show that the interlayer shear effect plays a very important role in the vibration behaviours of BLBPs. In MD simulation, a negative shear modulus is found in BLBP nanoresonators with stacking orders AA and AA′, which can decrease the natural frequency of the nanoresonators. The prediction of the natural frequency of the BLBP from the orthotropic sandwich plate model (OSPM) agrees with the MD simulation results very well. Moreover, for the vibration of the high-order mode, the interlayer shear modulus of the OSPM along one direction can mainly influence the natural frequency of the vibration mode, with the antinodes strictly aligning the direction for the BLBP. The results are thus important for understanding the dynamic behaviour of multilayer orthotropic nanostructures and designing multilayer orthotropic nanostructure resonators.
An extinct and deeply divergent tiger lineage from northeastern China recognized through palaeogenomics
Authors: Hu Jiaming , Westbury Michael V. , Yuan Junxia , Wang Chunxue , Xiao Bo , Chen Shungang , Song Shiwen , Wang Linying , Lin Haifeng , Lai Xulong , Sheng Guilian
Published: July 2022

Tigers (
Panthera tigris
) are flagship big cats and attract extensive public attention due to their charismatic features and endangered status. Despite this, little is known about their prehistoric lineages and detailed evolutionary histories. Through palaeogenomic analyses, we identified a Pleistocene tiger from northeastern China, dated to beyond the limits of radiocarbon dating (greater than 43 500 years ago). We used a simulated dataset and different reads processing pipelines to test the validity of our results and confirmed that, in both mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies, this ancient individual belongs to a previously unknown lineage that diverged prior to modern tiger diversification. Based on the mitochondrial genome, the divergence time of this ancient lineage was estimated to be approximately 268 ka (95% CI: 187–353 ka), doubling the known age of tigers' maternal ancestor to around 125 ka (95% CI: 88–168 ka). Furthermore, by combining our findings with putative mechanisms underlying the discordant mito-nuclear phylogenetic placement for the South China tigers, we proposed a more complex scenario of tiger evolution that would otherwise be missed using data from modern tigers only. Our study provides the first glimpses of the genetic antiquity of tigers and demonstrates the utility of aDNA-based investigation for further understanding tiger evolution.
Allometric scaling of a superposition eye optimizes sensitivity and acuity in large and small hawkmoths
Authors: Stöckl Anna , Grittner Rebecca , Taylor Gavin , Rau Christoph , Bodey Andrew J. , Kelber Almut , Baird Emily
Published: July 2022

Animals vary widely in body size within and across species. This has consequences for the function of organs and body parts in both large and small individuals. How these scale, in relation to body size, reveals evolutionary investment strategies, often resulting in trade-offs between functions. Eyes exemplify these trade-offs, as they are limited by their absolute size in two key performance features: sensitivity and spatial acuity. Due to their size polymorphism, insect compound eyes are ideal models for studying the allometric scaling of eye performance. Previous work on apposition compound eyes revealed that allometric scaling led to poorer spatial resolution and visual sensitivity in small individuals, across a range of insect species. Here, we used X-ray microtomography to investigate allometric scaling in superposition compound eyes—the second most common eye type in insects—for the first time. Our results reveal a novel strategy to cope with the trade-off between sensitivity and spatial acuity, as we show that the eyes of the hummingbird hawkmoth retain an optimal balance between these performance measures across all body sizes.
Seasonality drives the survival landscape of a recovering forest carnivore in a changing world
Authors: Smith Matthew M. , Erb John D. , Pauli Jonathan N.
Published: July 2022

Ecological heterogeneity promotes species persistence and diversity. Environmental change has, however, eroded patterns of heterogeneity globally, stifling species recovery. To test the effects of seasonal heterogeneity on a reintroduced carnivore, American martens (
Martes americana
), we compared metrics of local and season-specific heterogeneity to traditional forest metrics on the survival of 242 individuals across 8 years and predicted a survival landscape for 13 reintroduction sites. We found that heterogeneity—created by forest structure in the growing season and snow in the winter—improved survival and outperformed traditional forest metrics. Spatial variation in heterogeneity created a distinct survival landscape, but seasonal change in heterogeneity generated temporal discordance. All translocation sites possessed high forest heterogeneity but there were greater differences in winter heterogeneity; recovery sites with the poorest snow conditions had the lowest viability. Our work links heterogeneity across seasons to fitness and suggests that management strategies that increase seasonal aspects of heterogeneity may help to recover other sensitive species to continuing environmental change.
A sex skew in life-history research: the problem of missing males
Authors: Archer C. Ruth , Paniw Maria , Vega-Trejo Regina , Sepil Irem
Published: July 2022

Life-history strategies are diverse. While understanding this diversity is a fundamental aim of evolutionary biology and biodemography, life-history data for some traits—in particular, age-dependent reproductive investment—are biased towards females. While other authors have highlighted this sex skew, the general scale of this bias has not been quantified and its impact on our understanding of evolutionary ecology has not been discussed. This review summarizes why the sexes can evolve different life-history strategies. The scale of the sex skew is then discussed and its magnitude compared between taxonomic groups, laboratory and field studies, and through time. We discuss the consequences of this sex skew for evolutionary and ecological research. In particular, this sex bias means that we cannot test some core evolutionary theory. Additionally, this skew could obscure or drive trends in data and hinder our ability to develop effective conservation strategies. We finally highlight some ways through which this skew could be addressed to help us better understand broad patterns in life-history strategies.
Transformation to ischaemia tolerance of frog brain function corresponds to dynamic changes in mRNA co-expression across metabolic pathways
Authors: Hu Min , Santin Joseph M.
Published: July 2022

Neural activity is costly and requires continuous ATP from aerobic metabolism. Brainstem motor function of American bullfrogs normally collapses after minutes of ischaemia, but following hibernation, it becomes ischaemia-tolerant, generating output for up to 2 h without oxygen or glucose delivery. Transforming the brainstem to function during ischaemia involves a switch to anaerobic glycolysis and brain glycogen. We hypothesized that improving neural performance during ischaemia involves a transcriptional program for glycogen and glucose metabolism. Here we measured mRNA copy number of genes along the path from glycogen metabolism to lactate production using real-time quantitative PCR. The expression of individual genes did not reflect enhanced glucose metabolism. However, the number of co-expressed gene pairs increased early into hibernation, and by the end, most genes involved in glycogen metabolism, glucose transport and glycolysis exhibited striking linear co-expression. By contrast, co-expression of genes in the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain decreased throughout hibernation. Our results uncover reorganization of the metabolic transcriptional network associated with a shift to ischaemia tolerance in brain function. We conclude that modifying gene co-expression may be a critical step in synchronizing storage and use of glucose to achieve ischaemia tolerance in active neural circuits.
The tetrel bonding role in supramolecular aggregation of lead(II) acetate and a thiosemicarbazide derivative
Authors: Mahmoudi Ghodrat , García-Santos Isabel , Pittelkow Michael , Kamounah Fadhil S. , Zangrando Ennio , Babashkina Maria G. , Frontera Antonio , Safin Damir A.
Published: July 2022

A new PbII coordination complex [PbL(OAc)], which was readily synthesized from a mixture of Pb(OAc)2·3H2O and 1-(pyridin-2-yl)benzylidene-4-phenylthiosemicarbazide (HL
) is reported. The crystal structure analysis of [PbL(OAc)] showed that the PbII cation is N,N′,S-chelated by the tridentate pincer-type ligand
L
and by the oxygen atoms of the acetate anion. In addition, the metal centre forms Pb...O and Pb...S tetrel bonds with an adjacent complex molecule, yielding a 1D zigzag polymeric chain, which is reinforced by N—H...O hydrogen bonds and π...π interactions. These chains are interlinked by C—H...py non-covalent interactions, realized between one of the acetate hydrogen atoms and the pyridine rings. According to the Hirshfeld surface analysis, the crystal packing is mainly characterized by intermolecular H...H, H...C and H...O contacts, followed by H...N, H...S, C...C, C...N, Pb...H, Pb...O and Pb...S contacts. The FTIR and 1H NMR spectra of [PbL(OAc)] testify to the deprotonation of the parent ligand HL
, while the acetate ligand exhibits an anisobidentate coordination mode as established by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. Lastly, theoretical calculations at the PBE0-D3/def2-TZVP level of theory have been used to analyze and characterize the Pb...O and Pb...S tetrel bonds observed in the crystal of [PbL(OAc)], using a combination of QTAIM (Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules) and NCIPlot (Non-Covalent Interaction Plot) computational tools.
The crystal structure of CbpD clarifies substrate-specificity motifs in chitin-active lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases
Authors: Dade Christopher M. , Douzi Badreddine , Cambillau Christian , Ball Genevieve , Voulhoux Romé , Forest Katrina T.
Published: July 2022

Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes diverse proteins via its type 2 secretion system, including a 39 kDa chitin-binding protein, CbpD. CbpD has recently been shown to be a lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase active on chitin and to contribute substantially to virulence. To date, no structure of this virulence factor has been reported. Its first two domains are homologous to those found in the crystal structure of Vibrio cholerae GbpA, while the third domain is homologous to the NMR structure of the CBM73 domain of Cellvibrio japonicus
CjLPMO10A. Here, the 3.0 Å resolution crystal structure of CbpD solved by molecular replacement is reported, which required ab initio models of each CbpD domain generated by the artificial intelligence deep-learning structure-prediction algorithm RoseTTAFold. The structure of CbpD confirms some previously reported substrate-specificity motifs among LPMOAA10s, while challenging the predictive power of others. Additionally, the structure of CbpD shows that post-translational modifications occur on the chitin-binding surface. Moreover, the structure raises interesting possibilities about how type 2 secretion-system substrates may interact with the secretion machinery and demonstrates the utility of new artificial intelligence protein structure-prediction algorithms in making challenging structural targets tractable.
A fitting-extrapolation method of B-H curve for magnetic saturation applications
Authors: Wang Lichao , Ding Fuyan , Yang Dongbo , Wang Ke , Jiao Biaoqiang , Chen Qian
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to provide a new method of generating relatively accurate and smooth saturated B-H curves based on reliable measurement data to improve the accuracy and efficiency of electromagnetic simulation.

Design/methodology/approach

The characteristics of different B-H curve extrapolation models are summarized, and an improved method is proposed. The fitting procedure in low fields and extrapolation procedure in high fields are presented in detail. The saturated B-H curves generated by various methods are compared and discussed. Finally, a simulation case study proved the advantages of the new method in terms of simulation accuracy and efficiency.

Findings

The B-H curve created by the new method avoids extrapolation from a single point and simultaneously smoothens the entire B-H curve, thereby improving the simulation accuracy and efficiency. The low magnetic potential requirements for closed measurements and the small deviation with open measurements indicate that this method is well-suited for implementation.

Research limitations/implications

The results are applicable for materials subject to such excitation levels that saturation has to be taken into account.

Originality/value

While some extrapolation models of B-H curves have been investigated in reference papers, there is still room for improvement in accuracy and smoothness. The new method processes low fields and high fields magnetization data and then connects them based on third-order boundary equations for the first time. This method can generate saturated B-H curves with good accuracy and smoothness while retaining outstanding operability.
Exploring the authenticity, or lack thereof, of the discourse of talent management
Authors: Gardiner Rita A. , Fox-Kirk Wendy , Javaid Syeda Tuba
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the ways in which discourses of talent management (TM) reinforce and perpetuate structural barriers of exclusion and discrimination. The argument is made that dominant TM discourses must be interrogated if authentic talent development (ATD) practices are to succeed. This interrogation will require a shift from an organizational emphasis on talent identification towards ATD’s focus on talent cultivation.

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptual approach is used to critically analyse TM discourses to assess the degree to which they are inclusive. Building upon the work of Debebe (2017), an alternative ATD approach is suggested that, together with the novel concept of authentic otherness, may enable scholars and practitioners to reflect upon current organizational practices and devise new approaches that encourage talent cultivation in diverse employees. This, in turn, may foster a greater sense of organizational belonging.

Findings

Findings identify a number of ways in which organizational norms and structures are maintained and perpetuated through dominant, mainstream TM practices. This hinders ATD for many due to social ascription processes. By exploring the concept of “authentic otherness” (Gardiner, 2017), alongside Debebe’s (2017) approach to ATD, the argument is made that systemic inequities in the workplace may be addressed when we create conditions to support the cultivation of talent for all employees.

Originality/value

This paper builds on recent arguments in the critical TM literature concerning the exclusionary nature of mainstream TM practices in organizations. The concept of authentic otherness is clarified and defined with a view to using this new term as a heuristic device to encourage a reflective understanding of how ATD practices can be developed.
Effective components on the process of concept and meaning creation and their application in ontologies: focusing on Peirce’s triadic sign model
Authors: Moradi Khadije , Ghaebi Amir , Karbala Aghaei Kamran Masumeh
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This study aims to focus on the interpretation component of Peirce’s triadic model of sign to identify: the components affecting the interpretation of an object and the components affecting the meaning creation by people for use in ontologies. Ashura was selected because it is a historical event and a meaningful sign in Iranian religious culture.

Design/methodology/approach

This qualitative study was conducted in two steps. In the first step, the Instagram pages of five groups of people were chosen as the sample and examined using qualitative content analysis. In the second step, 18 creators of Ashura works were selected, their lived experience in creating these works was collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews and analysed through phenomenology method.

Findings

Based on the results, the concept is context-oriented; one cannot interpret the signs according to one’s personal preferences because the context, social rules and habits limit this interpretation. Accordingly, the use of reference systems and rules of logic, as well as artificial intelligence and computer science tools alone cannot help represent meaning in ontologies. Rather, individual characteristics, contexts, presuppositions and components existing in personal, social and technological worlds are effective on concept formation and meaning creation. Thus, these factors must be considered in ontology, especially for multi-faceted and context-oriented concepts, such as Ashura.

Originality/value

This research adopted a new approach and method to study ontology. This study focused on interpretation and adopted Peirce’s sign model for ontology design.
Employee engagement, its antecedents and effects on business performance in hospitality industry: a multilevel analysis
Authors: (Rose) Liu Xiaoming , Yu Jing (Jasper) , Guo Qiang , Li Jun (Justin)
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Employee engagement serves as a critical strategy for tourism and hospitality organizations to support their employees and fight adversity. This study aims to investigate the antecedents and effects of employee engagement and examine innovative behavior as a linchpin mechanism for the relationship between organizational engagement culture and organizational performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This study analyzed the antecedents and effects of employee engagement through a hierarchical linear model that considers both organizational- and individual-level factors. The data was collected through a questionnaire survey from employees of 39 hotels in Guangzhou, China.

Findings

The results confirmed the significant positive effect of organizational empowerment, leadership and collaboration atmosphere on employment engagement. An individual’s perception of rewards and recognition, distributive justice and procedural justice significantly affected employee engagement. It was also confirmed that employee engagement ultimately improved performance outcomes at the individual and organizational levels. Additionally, the mediation effect of organizational innovation culture on the relationship between organizational employee engagement and organizational performance was confirmed.

Practical implications

Organizations can improve their performance by enhancing employee engagement, which in turn, can be encouraged by empowering leadership and organizational collaboration culture. Organizations can also improve their performance by providing rewards and recognition appreciated by employees and ensuring justice to them.

Originality/value

This research contributes to the literature on employee engagement in the hospitality industry by demonstrating how organizational performance can be improved through employee engagement using a multilevel model. The findings highlight that organizations with engaged employees are more likely to achieve an innovative culture, which in turn, leads to organizational success. This study also confirmed that empowerment, leadership and collaboration culture help improve organizational performance in the hospitality industry.
The role of parents, other adults, peers and informal learning communities in shaping positive social media use in adolesent girls
Authors: Charmaraman Linda , Delcourt Catherine Grevet , Durrani Sidrah , Kapoor Jyontika , Richer Amanda M. , Xiao Le Fan
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This study aims to introduce the concept of communities of social media practice where more experienced users provide guidance to female novice users, enacting a form of legitimate peripheral participation to “onboard” newcomers.

Design/methodology/approach

Through surveys with 968 early adolescents (average age was 13), the authors quantitatively explored sources and types of guidance for young social media users, popularity of conversation themes related to this guidance and how these conversations are associated with positive social media engagement. The authors qualitatively documented a case study of how a summer workshop of 17 students promotes positive social media use through a community of practice.

Findings

Although early adolescent girls reported that they more frequently talked to their parents about a wider range of social media topics, same-age peers and younger family members (e.g., siblings, cousins) were also frequent sources. Surprisingly, the authors also found that the source most strongly associated with positive social media use was the peer group. This case study of an intentional community of practice demonstrated how peers go from “peripheral” to “centered” in socializing each other for more positive social media use.

Originality/value

Unlike most prior scholarship on mediating social technology use, this study focuses on a critical developmental period (e.g. early adolescents), sources of guidance other than exclusively parents, explore the specific conversation topics that offer guidance and document an informal community of practice for girls that provides the training ground for peers and adult facilitators to codesign more positive social media spaces.
From knowledge broker to solution provider in the Industry 4.0 setting: the innovation path of a small consulting firm
Authors: Mersico Luigi , Carloni Elisa , Bocconcelli Roberta , Pagano Alessandro
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This study aims to explore the resource development process implemented by a small consulting firm, active in a traditional industrial context, pursuing the innovation path to develop solutions within the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) domain.

Design/methodology/approach

This study undertakes a single qualitative case study of Sinergia, an Italian innovative small consulting firm. The case study is analyzed through critical events and adopting the 4 R model, developed within the industrial marketing and purchasing (IMP) approach.

Findings

The analysis highlights a transition from knowledge broker to solution provider, based on a process of networking, with a relevant strategizing effort, and of assembling internal, external and shared resources. Three patterns in the evolution of the company’s innovation path emerge: resource-oriented networking, hybrid resource development and resource assembly.

Originality/value

The empirical study provides novel empirical evidence over localized innovation processes in I4.0 by exploring the innovation path pursued by a small consulting firm in connection with the local business. The study represents a theoretical development in terms of the 4 R model as it suggests the need to further conceptualize the category of technical resources – including products and facilities – in the increasingly complex I4.0 domain and provides insights on the changing role of actors in networks underpinned by emerging resource structures.
Knowledge discovery of zakat administration worldwide from YouTube and Zoom via text mining
Authors: Hudaefi Fahmi Ali , Hassan M. Kabir , Abduh Muhamad , Beik Irfan Syauqi
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Zakat (Islamic almsgiving) plays a considerable role in dealing with the socioeconomic issues in times of COVID-19 pandemic, and such roles have been widely discussed in virtual events. This paper aims to discover knowledge of the current global zakat administration from virtual events of zakat (e.g. webinars) on YouTube and Zoom via text mining approach.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors purposefully sampled 12 experts from four different virtual zakat events on YouTube and Zoom. The automated text transcription software is used to pull the information from the sampled videos into text documents. A qualitative analysis is operated using text mining approach via machine learning tool (i.e. Orange Data Mining). Four research questions are developed under the Word Cloud visualisation, hierarchal clustering, topic modelling and graph and network theory.

Findings

The machine learning identifies the most important words, the relationship between the experts and their top words and discovers hidden themes from the sample. This finding is practically substantial for zakat stakeholders to understand the current issues of global zakat administration and to learn the applicable lessons from the current issues of zakat management worldwide.

Research limitations/implications

This study does not establish a positivist generalisation from the findings because of the nature and objective of the study.

Practical implications

A policy implication is drawn pertaining to the legislation of zakat as an Islamic financial policy instrument for combating poverty in Muslim society.

Social implications

This work supports the notion of “socioeconomic zakat”, implying that zakat as a religious obligation is important in shaping the social and economic processes of a Muslim community.

Originality/values

This work marks the novelty in making sense of the unstructured data from virtual events on YouTube and Zoom in the Islamic social finance research.
A tribute to the journal of Islamic accounting and business research: (more than) a decade of serving the Ummah
Authors: Nahar Hairul Suhaimi , Yaacob Hisham
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Started humbly in 2010 as a modest publishing outlet catering to the growing interest in Islamic-based accounting and business research, the Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research (JIABR) is now a focal reference for literature with a unique niche of shari’ah and tawheedic essence. The purpose of this paper is to explore the path through which JIABR has evolved to achieve its status today.

Design/methodology/approach

The commonly applied bibliometric analysis is conducted on all 377 published papers since the JIABR’s inception up to September 2021.

Findings

The JIABR’s more than a decade of service in educating the ummah is visibly characterized by the increasing breadth of research scope within the realm of shari’ah- and tawheedic-based accounting and business. The commendable shift in the research quality frontier systematically positions the journal at par with other comparable publishing outlets.

Research limitations/implications

This paper drew on data collected from a single journal, creating a stand-alone analysis.

Practical implications

The paper accentuates JIABR’s critical attributes, which gradually developed to serve the Islamic-based accounting and business research fraternity. Such attributes are arguably relevant for researchers framing their future academic research trajectory.

Originality/value

This paper represents an extensive analysis of all published papers in the JIABR, showcasing its excellent contributions to providing a strategic publishing platform for Islamic-based accounting and business-related research.
Person related workplace bullying and knowledge hiding behaviors: relational psychological contract breach as an underlying mechanism
Authors: Bari Muhammad Waseem , Khan Qurrahtulain , Waqas Asad
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the direct relationship between person-related workplace bullying and dimensions of knowledge hiding. In addition, this study also intends to explore how relational psychological contract breach (RPCB) mediates bulling and knowledge hiding.

Design/methodology/approach

This study has used a survey-based research design to collect the data. The data were collected in three-time lags from 494 individuals working in IT-based firms (software houses) located in Pakistan. The data were analyzed through the variance-based structural equation modeling technique. For this purpose, the authors used SmartPLS3 software.

Findings

This study revealed that person-related workplace bullying impacts playing dumb and evasive knowledge hiding both directly and indirectly. In addition to this, person-related bullying does not affect rationalized knowledge hiding. This study also found that RPCB mediates the relationship between person-related bullying and knowledge hiding dimensions.

Practical implications

This study offers important implications for IT firms, including software houses. The findings imply that organizations should discourage person-related workplace bullying to reduce employees’ intention to engage in knowledge-hiding behavior. Moreover, the management of these firms should develop a culture of interpersonal trust among employees so that they can care for the relational psychological contract.

Originality/value

This study is amongst the few types of research that has investigated the impact of person-related bullying on different forms of knowledge hiding behavior through the mediating role of RPCB.
A review of telehealth during the COVID-19 emergency situation in the public health sector: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Maleka Ntibaneng Hunadi , Matli Walter
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to provide current state of knowledge on how the COVID-19 emergency situation necessitated the behaviour influencing use and acceptance of telehealth. This study interlinks the health belief model (HBM) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) to highlight the challenges and opportunities as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in the public health sector.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used three online databases (Emerald publishing, Science Direct and Taylor and Francis) that enabled the authors to access electronic journal articles. Search strategy was used to extract articles based on the relevance of this study.

Findings

The key findings from this study suggested that the COVID-19 emergency forced health-care workers and their patients to rapidly use and rely on telehealth to reduce the rate of COVID-19 transmissions. The key benefits of telehealth use highlighted an expansive cost effective and convenient access to health-care services irrespective of geographical local and levels of physical impairment. Moreover, telehealth inhibited in person human interaction, which was perceived as impersonal and not ideal for new patient consultations. The barriers outweighed the benefits; as a result, it is unlikely that there will be a wide use of telehealth beyond the COVID-19 emergency situation.

Practical implications

The research findings are limited to discussions drawn from available secondary data. The criteria within telehealth for policymakers to note the technology acceptance and use for both health-care and outpatient stakeholders and their health seeking behaviour. Health-care sectors (private and public) and government need to understand enablers of effective telehealth in policymaking to ease the barriers during an emergency situation like a pandemic.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the emerging literature on how COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted and accelerated telehealth by extending both the UTAUT and HBM theories. This study is expected to contribute and expand literature on telehealth during emergency situations, given the novice nature of COVID-19 and limited literature surrounding it.