bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Omental Hydatid Cyst:- Report of Two Cases
Authors: Rattan Kamal , Garg Deepak Kumar , Rattan Amit , Burolia Suresh Kumar
Published: May 2016

We are reporting two cases of primary omental hydatid cyst in children of 12 yr & 5yr of age respectively. Both cases were diagnosed on ultrasound & managed successfully by open surgical excision of the cyst. In our patients cyst were unilocular & in one of the patients it contained large numbers of daughter cysts (approx.150). We failed to find in literature a giant primary omental hydatid cyst with so many daughter scolexs of varying sizes.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 5(2): 68-72, 2014 (July)
Air Pollution in Dhaka City: A Burning Issue
Authors: Islam Md. Saiful
Published: May 2016

No Abstract Available Journal of Science Foundation 2014;12(2):20-21DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v12i2.27732
Evaluation of Selected Herbicides on Weed Control Efficiency and Yield of Wheat
Authors: Mustari Sobnom , Bari Md. Nasimul , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Karim AJM Sirajul
Published: May 2016

Background: Weed control is an important issue for the proper growth of wheat. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the effect of selected herbicides on weed infestation behavior in wheat field; to determine the effect of herbicides on growth and development of wheat plants, and to evaluate the effect of herbicides on yield performance of wheat. Methodology: A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh during November to May 2011 -2012. Four herbicides were tested at recommended dose alone and also coupled with supplemental hand weeding in wheat crop. In addition, a weedy check (control) was also imposed for treatment comparison. The herbicides were Pendimethalin, Carfentrazone-ethyl + Isoproturon, Carfentrazone-ethyl and 2,4-D. In this way, nine treatment combinations were arranged in the RCBD experiment with three replications. Result: Carfentrazone-ethyl performed the best in terms of weed control efficiency (79.68%), while Pendimethalin performed the worst (52.74%). Carfentrazone-ethyl + Isoproteuron contributed to the highest tillers per unit area (226.3 m-2) and the highest total dry matter (1342 g m-2). Finally, Carfentrazone-ethyl + Isoproteuron also contributed to the highest grain yield of 3.56 t ha-1 with the highest harvest index of 0.42. Carfentrazone-ethyl + Isoproteuron accompanied by one hand weeding also contributed to statistically identical grain yield of 3.33 t ha-1. Single ingredient Carfentrazone-ethyl alone and when accompanied with one hand weeding also contributed to statistically identical grain yields of 3.26 t ha-1 and 3.46 t ha-1, respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed that, combined ingredient herbicide Carfentrazone-ethyl + Isoproteuron as well as Carfentrazone-ethyl alone might used at field level due to their better weed control efficiency, favourable effect on crop growth and development and higher grain yield.Journal of Science Foundation 2014;12(2):27-33DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v12i2.27734
Effect of Herbicide Dose and Water Management on Weed Control Efficiency and Yield Performance of Boro Rice
Authors: Ahmed Md. Ranju , Bari Md. Nasimul , Haque M. Moynul , Rahman GKM Mustafizur
Published: May 2016

An experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur during November 2011 to May 2012 to determine the effect of pre-emergence herbicide Pretilachlor @ 75%, 100%, 125%, 150%, 175% and 200% of the recommended dose under two water management regime i.e. continuous flooding and field capacity on weed suppression and yield performance of Boro rice cv. BRRIdhan28. One weed free and one control (unweeded) treatment were also imposed for treatment comparison. The experiment was laid down in Split Plot design with three replications. Standard management practices for transplanted rice were followed. Continuous flooding was found to contribute better weed control efficiency than field capacity. At 60 DAT, the highest weed control efficiency of 65.75% was found in the treatment receiving Pretilachlor @ 125% of the recommended dose under continuous flooding and the least (54.76%) was found in the treatment receiving 75% of the recommended dose under field capacity. Continuous flooding contributed to more tillers thanfield capacity, and herbicide up to 125% of the recommended dose enhanced tillering in rice. At 75DAT the highest number of tillers (17.53 hill-1) were found in the plots receiving Pretilachlor @ 125% of the recommended dose under good water management (W1T3), while the lowest (11.10 hill-1) was recorded in W2T6 treatment receiving Pretilachlor @ 200% of the recommended dose under field capacity. The highest tiller mortality (27.90%) was observed in W1T3 treatment, whereas the least (8.06%) was observed in W2T5 treatment receiving the same herbicide @175% of the recommended dose under field capacity. Application of Pretilachlor at recommended dose under continuous flooding contributed to the highest crop dry matter production (1144.60g m-2) thus leading to the highest grain yield of 6.31 t ha-1 being followed by the treatment receiving Pretilachlor @ 125% of the recommended dose under same water management yielding 5.95 t ha-1 along with the highest harvest index of 0.58. Results revealed that Pretilachlor at recommended dose might be considered as viable option for weed management in transplanted Boro rice cultivation for effective weed management and satisfactory grain yield provided that appropriate water management is adopted. Journal of Science Foundation 2014;12(2):39-46DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v12i2.27737
PRODUCTION AND RECOIL LOSS OF COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES IN PRESOLAR GRAINS
Authors: Trappitsch Reto , Leya Ingo
Published: May 2016

Presolar grains are small particles that condensed in the vicinity of dying stars. Some of these grains survived the voyage through the interstellar medium (ISM) and were incorporated into meteorite parent bodies at the formation of the Solar System. An important question is when these stellar processes happened, i.e., how long presolar grains were drifting through the ISM. While conventional radiometric dating of such small grains is very difficult, presolar grains are irradiated with galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) in the ISM, which induce the production of cosmogenic nuclides. This opens the possibility to determine cosmic-ray exposure (CRE) ages, i.e., how long presolar grains were irradiated in the ISM. Here, we present a new model for the production and loss of cosmogenic 3He, 6,7Li, and 21,22Ne in presolar SiC grains. The cosmogenic production rates are calculated using a state-of-the-art nuclear cross-section database and a GCR spectrum in the ISM consistent with recent Voyager data. Our findings are that previously measured 3He and 21Ne CRE ages agree within the (sometimes large) 2σ uncertainties and that the CRE ages for most presolar grains are smaller than the predicted survival times. The obtained results are relatively robust since interferences from implanted low-energy GCRs into the presolar SiC grains and/or from cosmogenic production within the meteoroid can be neglected.
ION DYNAMICS AT A RIPPLED QUASI-PARALLEL SHOCK: 2D HYBRID SIMULATIONS
Authors: Hao Yufei , Lu Quanming , Gao Xinliang , Wang Shui
Published: May 2016

In this paper, two-dimensional hybrid simulations are performed to investigate ion dynamics at a rippled quasi-parallel shock. The results show that the ripples around the shock front are inherent structures of a quasi-parallel shock, and the re-formation of the shock is not synchronous along the surface of the shock front. By following the trajectories of the upstream ions, we find that these ions behave differently when they interact with the shock front at different positions along the shock surface. The upstream particles are transmitted more easily through the upper part of a ripple, and the corresponding bulk velocity downstream is larger, where a high-speed jet is formed. In the lower part of the ripple, the upstream particles tend to be reflected by the shock. Ions reflected by the shock may suffer multiple-stage acceleration when moving along the shock surface or trapped between the upstream waves and the shock front. Finally, these ions may escape further upstream or move downstream; therefore, superthermal ions can be found both upstream and downstream.
Trois changements « sismiques » dans l’économie mondiale et leurs enjeux de politique économique
Authors: Nishimura Kiyohiko G.
Published: May 2016

Trois changements bouleversent l’économie mondiale : (1) le ralentissement persistant causé par les bulles immobilières, les récessions et les crises financières qui s’ensuivent, (2) les technologies de l’information et de la communication qui deviennent défavorables à l’emploi et (3) la transition d’une phase « d’atout démographique », avec une population jeune et croissante, vers une phase de « fardeau démographique », avec une population vieillissante. Ces changements radicaux s’accompagnent d’effets à court et à long terme, ainsi que d’importantes répercussions sur le plan politique. Tout d’abord, la demande globale est généralement plus faible. En outre, la demande globale devient moins réceptive aux plans de relance macroéconomique classiques. Deuxièmement, de nombreuses économies perdent en flexibilité et, par conséquent, leur efficacité diminue. Troisièmement, étant donné que la politique monétaire conventionnelle se révèle moins efficace, les banques centrales s’appuient de plus en plus sur une politique de bilan (politique non conventionnelle) en tant qu’outil de stabilisation. Enfin, et c’est le point le plus important, l’incertitude est particulièrement exacerbée. Cette incertitude accrue représente un défi de taille pour les responsables politiques. Classification JEL : E43, E58, G01, J11, J24.
Perspectives monétaires et financières : stagnation séculaire ou mutation du capitalisme ?
Authors: Aglietta Michel
Published: May 2016

Depuis la grande crise financière de 2008, les économies développées sont entravées par la baisse de la rentabilité du capital, la demande anémique en Europe et la menace de déflation. Pour expliquer cette logique qui s’auto-entretient, il a été fait appel à l’hypothèse de stagnation séculaire. Plus récemment, les pays émergents rencontrent de grandes difficultés. Nombre d’entre eux, Chine en tête, souffrent de surcapacités de production industrielle, du ralentissement du commerce international et de l’effondrement des prix des matières premières. La conjonction de ces processus dépasse l’incidence de la crise financière. Elle est le signe d’une mutation du capitalisme. Un aspect majeur est l’incapacité de la finance globalisée à prendre en charge les investissements de long terme d’une nouvelle révolution industrielle pour le développement durable. Une autre finance émerge, centrée sur les banques publiques de développement, qui s’établira sur le multilatéralisme monétaire et l’avènement du DTS en tant que liquidité universelle. Classification JEL : N20, O16, P16.
L’assouplissement quantitatif : un défi pour l’épargne à long terme et la sécurité financière des ménages
Authors: Thimann Christian
Published: May 2016

Les politiques de quantitative easing ont de lourdes conséquences potentielles sur la sécurité financière des ménages. Celle-ci requiert de solides garanties en capital pour l’épargne à long terme des ménages afin de leur permettre de prévoir leurs retraites ou l’achat d’actifs coûteux, comme le logement. Les compagnies d’assurances au travers de leur activité d’assurance-vie sont les intermédiaires financières qui, traditionnellement, leur offrent de telles garanties. Or cet article met trois points en évidence : premièrement, si les taux d’intérêt à long terme sont nuls, les ménages pourront difficilement se procurer des garanties d’épargne à long terme car les compagnies d’assurances seront incapables de les leur fournir ; deuxièmement, les épargnants à long terme feront face à un problème de rattrapage, la rentabilité de leur épargne étant inférieure à l’augmentation des prix des soins de santé et de l’immobilier, leurs deux principaux objectifs à long terme ; troisièmement, les coûts croissants de l’habitat urbain entraînent l’obligation de consacrer une part croissante des revenus aux dépenses de logement, au détriment d’une allocation plus productive pour l’économie. Classification JEL : E21, E43, G22, I13, R21.
Comment gérer l’épargne en régime de taux très bas ?
Authors: Boulier Jean-François
Published: May 2016

Le très bas niveau des taux d’intérêts en zone euro est un véritable défi pour la gestion de l’épargne. Cette politique est conduite de façon délibérée par la Banque centrale européenne et va durer tant que l’embellie économique ne se confirme pas. Les épargnants et leurs conseillers ont progressivement pris conscience que les solutions efficaces du passé ne correspondent plus à la situation. De nouveaux produits comme le fonds eurocroissance, des fonds de performance absolue et la réallocation de l’épargne vers les actifs réels, actions et immobilier, sont plus que jamais à l’ordre du jour. Mais de nombreux freins continuent à retarder le changement d’orientation des placements, en tout premier lieu, le niveau souvent insuffisant de culture financière des épargnants français. Classification JEL : E21, E43, G23.
La faiblesse des taux d’intérêt à long terme : un phénomène mondial
Authors: Sobrun Jhuvesh , Turner Philip
Published: May 2016

Avec le renforcement des liens internationaux qui existent entre les taux d’intérêt à long terme libellés dans différentes devises, l’extrême faiblesse des taux d’intérêt est devenue un phénomène mondial. Les taux directeurs réels d’équilibre (taux naturels) ont chuté dans de nombreux pays. Les primes de terme sur les marchés obligataires sont faibles – voire négatives – dans beaucoup de devises. Les causes fondamentales de ces évolutions, qui donnent à penser que la « nouvelle normalité » pour les taux d’intérêt est plus basse que par le passé, font encore débat. L’avenir nous le dira. Classification JEL : E43, E52, F41, G15.
L’internationalisation du renminbi : enjeux et limites des réformes institutionnelles
Authors: Faudot Adrien
Published: May 2016

L’internationalisation du renminbi (RMB) a focalisé l’attention de nombreux universitaires, économistes et politologues, depuis la fin des années 2000. Les données disponibles aux chercheurs font état d’un développement de l’usage du RMB à l’échelle internationale. Cet article a un double objectif : dans un premier temps, exposer les évolutions qualitatives de la monnaie chinoise, en analysant les modifications du cadre institutionnel du RMB. Dans une seconde section, il interroge les ambitions et les limites de la stratégie de la Chine d’internationalisation de sa monnaie. À ces fins, ce travail se penche sur la littérature qui s’est largement répandue sur le sujet ces dernières années. Dans la mesure où l’émergence monétaire internationale de la Chine est un processus conflictuel à la fois au niveau national et international, générateur de tensions avec d’autres puissances, en premier lieu les États-Unis, cet article questionne à la fois la volonté et la capacité de la Chine à surmonter les obstacles à l’internationalisation de sa monnaie. Classification JEL : E42, F31, F33, F40, F55.
Négocier la distance institutionnelle Discrimination positive et interactions dans une salle de classe
Authors: Fernández-Vavrik Germán
Published: May 2016

Un défi clé pour les acteurs engagés dans des politiques de discrimination positive est de négocier la distance institutionnelle. Il est nécessaire, dans les activités quotidiennes, de marquer l’horizon et les limites du traitement préférentiel adressé aux bénéficiaires, victimes de la discrimination et des inégalités sociales. Cet article rend compte de l’accomplissement de la distance institutionnelle dans un programme de discrimination positive argentin adressé à des jeunes amérindiens huarpes et d’origine rurale. Le traitement préférentiel – trait essentiel de la discrimination positive – de ce programme de l’Université de Cuyo se réalise concrètement par des pratiques plus proches de la sollicitude que du soutien scolaire. En ayant recours à l’analyse de mes enregistrements audiovisuels, je soutiens que l’expérience des acteurs du programme s’organise par un principe interactionnel et institutionnel fondamental. La routine du programme s’appuie sur la réalisation d’« alternances interactionnelles » permettant aux enseignants de se rapprocher des boursiers à tout moment en préservant le droit de revenir à une distance institutionnelle ordinaire.
Ocular Findings in Children With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Gokturk Bahar , Topcu-Yilmaz Pinar , Bozkurt Banu , Yildirim Mahmut Selman , Guner Sukru Nail , Sayar Esra Hazar , Reisli Ismail
Published: May 2016

Purpose:

To identify the ocular features of children diagnosed as having 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in a Turkish population, which is the most common microdeletion syndrome with a wide range of facial and ocular abnormalities.

Methods:

Sixteen children aged between 4 months and 18 years with a microdeletion in chromosome 22q11.2 underwent a detailed ophthalmological examination including uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity testing, stereoscopic vision examination, biomicroscopic and indirect fundus examination, and ocular motility testing.

Results:

All patients had at least one ocular abnormality. The major abnormalities were eyelid abnormalities (eye hooding, narrow palpebral fissure, telecanthus, hypertelorism, sparse and thin eyebrows and eyelashes, blepharitis, and distichiasis), posterior embryotoxon, and tortuous retinal vessels in at least half of the patients. Other ophthalmological disorders were refractive errors, iris remnants, and strabismus.

Conclusions:

The chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is associated with a wide range of ocular disorders, which necessitates a comprehensive eye examination for appropriate treatment and follow-up. Ocular findings sometimes can provide a clue to the diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2016;53(4):218–222].
Application of Novel Software Algorithms to Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography for Automated Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Adhi Mehreen , Semy Salim K. , Stein David W. , Potter Daniel M. , Kuklinski Walter S. , Sleeper Harry A. , Duker Jay S. , Waheed Nadia K.
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To present novel software algorithms applied to spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for automated detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Thirty-one diabetic patients (44 eyes) and 18 healthy, nondiabetic controls (20 eyes) who underwent volumetric SD-OCT imaging and fundus photography were retrospectively identified. A retina specialist independently graded DR stage. Trained automated software generated a retinal thickness score signifying macular edema and a cluster score signifying microaneurysms and/or hard exudates for each volumetric SD-OCT.

RESULTS:

Of 44 diabetic eyes, 38 had DR and six eyes did not have DR. Leave-one-out cross-validation using a linear discriminant at missed detection/false alarm ratio of 3.00 computed software sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 69%, respectively, for DR detection when compared to clinical assessment.

CONCLUSION:

Novel software algorithms applied to commercially available SD-OCT can successfully detect DR and may have potential as a viable screening tool for DR in future.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:410–417.]
Knowing and doing emotions in times of crisis and radical change
Authors: Messner Angelika C.
Published: May 2016

Cet article emprunte de nouveaux chemins dans l’examen des connaissances et des pratiques émotionnelles dans l’histoire de la Chine. En prenant en considération cette double dimension, il explore d’une part l’intérêt marqué pour la sensibilité qui se manifeste au cours du xvie siècle et d’autre part les modalités de perception de la souffrance durant les longues décennies de la dramatique transition dynastique au début du xviie siècle. En accordant aussi une attention particulière à la notion de gestualité corporelle (les mouvements et les comportements à travers lesquels les émotions existent, sont exprimées et sont vécues), cette double approche permet de croiser différents textes, dont des sources littéraires, philosophiques et médicales. Portant un regard spécifique sur les sédimentations corporelles des émotions, je montre comment pendant la période observée (xvie-xviie siècles), les individus étaient d’abord attentifs aux processus physiques, et refusaient de suivre les schémas émotionnels venant du néoconfucianisme
Emotions, a Social and Historical Phenomenon: Some Notes on the Chinese Case
Authors: Santangelo Paolo
Published: May 2016

The article begins with some comments on the comparative method necessary for any research concerning a different culture, owing to the intrinsic ‘anachronism’ and ‘non-equivalence’ of notions and lexicon. In particular, it is explained what the author means for mental structure and the use of categories such as ‘emotions’ and collective imagery. It is shortly explained why the analysis of emotions in fact should be extended to the whole emotional process (which includes nonemotion-terms, such as script, motivations, manifestations and emotion markers, symbolic expressions), and to other phenomena, such as habits and behaviours, temperaments, psychosomatic reactions, beliefs, visions and dreams. Then it is stressed how the manifestations of emotions are ‘social phenomena’ and thus they reflect the deep strata of the cultural environment, and contain information on such elements. The second part of the article presents some characteristics of the emotional imagery representation on the basis of a long-term project on emotions and imagery in late imperial China. Concrete examples are given on the concept of love and on the normal-abnormal feelings in extreme cognitive and affective conditions.
Le corps souffrant et ses enjeux diplomatiques
Authors: Nevejans Pierre
Published: May 2016

Louis Marin disait du prince qu’il était le reflet du royaume dans son corps et son âme. Partant de ce vieil adage, cet article a pour objet de retracer une partie du comportement diplomatique des princes de la Renaissance lorsque ce corps était vicié, de la simple blessure à la déchéance irrémédiable de l’âge. Il se révèle alors que le prince pouvait se servir de sa maladie comme d’un facteur de modulation de son comportement diplomatique, refusant les audiences, les acceptant sous certaines conditions, ou jouant de son état de santé pour faire croire à une faiblesse et obtenir quelques gains politiques.
Accord entre le Japon et la Corée du Sud concernant les « femmes de réconfort », une reconnaissance faisant obstacle aux réparations
Authors: Kouzmine Jérémie
Published: May 2016

Le 28 décembre 2015, le Ministre des affaires étrangères japonais, Fumio Kishida, a reconnu au nom de son gouvernement la responsabilité du Japon dans les faits de violences sexuelles commis à partir de 1932 et particulièrement au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, par les soldats de l'armée japonaise envers des femmes coréennes, chinoises et philippines. Cette déclaration, à la fois diplomatique et symbolique, s’accompagne de la création d'un fonds pour les victimes, doté d'un billion de yens. Si la lutte de ces « femmes de réconfort » pour obtenir réparation dure depuis plusieurs décennies, la réponse apportée par le gouvernement japonais est pourtant loin d’être pleinement satisfaisante.
A New View of Privacy in Social Networks
Authors: Chang Wei , Wu Jie
Published: May 2016

Many smartphone-based applications need microdata, but publishing a microdata table may leak respondents' privacy. Conventional researches on privacy-preserving data publishing focus on providing identical privacy protection to all data requesters. Considering that, instead of trapping in a small coterie, information usually propagates from friend to friend. The authors study the privacy-preserving data publishing problem on a mobile social network. Along a propagation path, a series of tables will be locally created at each participant, and the tables' privacy-levels should be gradually enhanced. However, the tradeoff between these tables' overall utility and their individual privacy requirements are not trivial: any inappropriate sanitization operation under a lower privacy requirement may cause dramatic utility loss on the subsequent tables. For solving the problem, the authors propose an approximation algorithm by previewing the future privacy requirements. Extensive results show that this approach successfully increases the overall data utility, and meet the strengthening privacy requirements.
Secure and Privacy Preserving Keyword Search over the Large Scale Cloud Data
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wu Jie , Lin Yaping
Published: May 2016

Cloud computing has attracted a lot of interests from both the academics and the industries, since it provides efficient resource management, economical cost, and fast deployment. However, concerns on security and privacy become the main obstacle for the large scale application of cloud computing. Encryption would be an alternative way to relief the concern. However, data encryption makes efficient data utilization a challenging problem. To address this problem, secure and privacy preserving keyword search over large scale cloud data is proposed and widely developed. In this paper, we make a thorough survey on the secure and privacy preserving keyword search over large scale cloud data. We investigate existing research arts category by category, where the category is classified according to the search functionality. In each category, we first elaborate on the key idea of existing research works, then we conclude some open and interesting problems.
Threats Classification
Authors: Jouini Mouna , Rabai Latifa Ben Arfa
Published: May 2016

Information systems are frequently exposed to various types of threats which can cause different types of damages that might lead to significant financial losses. Information security damages can range from small losses to entire information system destruction. The effects of various threats vary considerably: some affect the confidentiality or integrity of data while others affect the availability of a system. Currently, organizations are struggling to understand what the threats to their information assets are and how to obtain the necessary means to combat them which continues to pose a challenge. To improve our understanding of security threats, we propose a security threat classification model which allows us to study the threats class impact instead of a threat impact as a threat varies over time. This chapter deals with the threats classification problem and its motivation. It addresses different criteria of information system security risks classification and gives a review of most threats classification models. We present as well recent surveys on security breaches costs.
The Diverse Voices Conference
Authors: Scott Chaunda L.
Published: May 2016

As diversity higher education courses and programs continue to increase on university campuses in the United States, research remains scant on the role that diversity education conferences can play in furthering higher education students' diversity learning beyond the classroom. The aim of this chapter is to introduce the Diverse Voices Conference as a successful higher education diversity initiative in Michigan that has for seventeen years provided a safe environment for students to learn more about and speak out in support of valuing all aspects of human diversity. This chapter will highlight 1) the history of the Diverse Voices Conference; 2) the components of the Diverse Voices Conference; 3) the lessons learned regarding sponsoring the Diverse Voices Conference on a university campus in Michigan that is free and open to the public; along with 4) future directions for expansing the conference and its visibility beyond its current state.
Diverse Student Scholars
Authors: Sims Jeanetta D. , Shuff Jalea , Lai Hung-Lin , Lim Oon Feng , Neese Ashley , Neese Sarah , Sims Atoya
Published: May 2016

With student co-authors, this book chapter shares the impetus, background, origin, and sources of institutional support for Diverse Student Scholars, which is a predominantly undergraduate, interdisciplinary research program created and founded by the first faculty author. Along with offering student involvement details on the Diverse Student Scholars program, the relevance of institution-mission fit for undergraduate research is discussed. The authors summarize the Diverse Student Scholars program impact and connect student undergraduate research engagement with the potential for advancing workforce diversity competencies.
Developing an Intergroup Communication Intervention Curriculum
Authors: Magsamen-Conrad Kate , Dillon Jeanette M. , Hanasono Lisa K. , Valdez Paul Anthony
Published: May 2016

This chapter describes a community-based participatory research project that embraces opportunities to augment the skills necessary to excel in an increasingly diverse workforce, especially in terms of proficiency in communication, social interaction, and technology. The Intergroup Communication Intervention (ICI) provides needed technology skills training to older adults in a community setting to improve intergroup relationships, foster positive civic attitudes and skills, and reduce ageist attitudes of younger adults. Participants build workforce skills necessary for future success as the project advances group and interpersonal communication skills across generations using technology pedagogy to bridge the divide. The ICI approach is systematic and grounded in theory. Analyses across the project's last three years demonstrate how communication processes ignite the powerful bonding that can occur over technology. This chapter encourages future research with similar goals of using longitudinal, communication studies to enhance community, competencies, and the future workforce.
A Perspective on How Counseling Curricula can Enhance Workforce Diversity Practices
Authors: Matthews Jennifer J.
Published: May 2016

As we become more of a global society, it is imperative for the work environment to mirror this diversity and for individuals to be supported in their professional development. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to describe how the field of counseling can contribute to the advancement of workforce diversity education. The understanding and application of counseling skills (e.g., attending skills) can positively influence interactions within the workplace and enhance workforce diversity initiatives. A case study is included with discussion questions along with an exploration of future directions for enhancing workforce diversity.
Developing a Social Justice-Oriented Workforce Diversity Concentration in Human Relations Academic Programs
Authors: Byrd Marilyn Y. , Lloyd-Jones Brenda
Published: May 2016

There are limited human relations [HRL] programs in higher education in the United States, and even fewer that include an integrative concentration of social justice and workforce diversity. The purpose of this chapter will be, first, to identify the need for social justice and workforce diversity perspectives in HRL programs and then provide a philosophical and theoretical rationale for how an integration of these perspectives is critical to the advancement of HRL in praxis. Second, to develop students' awareness of ways that the organizational social culture operates to create social stratification and exclusion. Third, an experiential service learning component will be described as a necessary step for students to experience environments and contexts where social injustice is prevalent. The chapter will conclude with a proposal for a social justice workforce diversity certificate in HRL that recognizes professional competency and skill as a social change agent. This chapter advances the concept of organizational social justice (Byrd, 2012).
Beyond Handicap, Pity, and Inspiration
Authors: Rudstam Hannah , Golden Thomas , Bruyere Susanne , Van Looy Sara , Gower Wendy Strobel
Published: May 2016

Individuals with disabilities represent a substantial portion of the U.S. population and workforce. Yet, disability is often not meaningfully included in diversity and inclusion efforts in the workplace or in higher education. This chapter focuses on ten misperceptions that have fueled the marginalization of disability in diversity and inclusion efforts. These ten misperceptions revolve around a range of issues: Legal, human and practical. We provide an overview of each misperception and discuss implications for diversity and workforce development practitioners, with a focus on higher education settings. In conclusion, we urge readers to consider their own organizations in light of each of these ten misperceptions.
Operational Approaches in Organizational Structure
Authors: Khan Mohammad Ayub
Published: May 2016

This chapter analyzes the challenge of organizational setup in developing countries faced by MNEs. In doing so the chapter focuses on different types of structural options available for MNEs and studies factors influencing the decision of how to structure the MNE in developing countries. In essence, the chapter presents a list of structural options for MNEs to choose from according to their needs, contextual situations and strategic direction. The factors influencing the decision to structure the company are general factors, management orientations, corporate culture, information and communication technologies, strategy and learning organizations. Finally, the chapter forwards some essential recommendations for MNEs to follow when deciding about which organizational structure is relatively more suitable than others while operating in developing countries.
How Public Relations Practitioners Perceive Social Media Platforms?
Authors: Michel Ana Isabel Gonzalez , Ruggiero Thomas E. , Yang Kenneth C. C.
Published: May 2016

Prior studies on the use of social media by public relations professionals are often descriptive and did not apply communication theories to fully evaluate the richness of this emerging communication platform. These studies did not explain the technology adoption process of public relations professionals. On the basis of Media Richness Theory, the authors assessed the perceptions of 162 public relations professionals from a national sample in the United States to identify emerging media richness dimensions of social media. This study found that these dimensions are not the same as those in other mass and traditional media platforms. This chapter suggests that social media should not simply be compared to traditional media, because they have demonstrated unique medium characteristics. Both theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Country Brand Management
Authors: Soler-Labajos Neus , Jiménez-Zarco Ana Isabel
Published: May 2016

In the recent years the country brand has become a strategic asset for the nations. Rather than showing the culture and traditions of a place, the name of a country acts as a differentiator from everything that comes with the territory, increasing the value perceived by the customer in any product or service by having a specific origin. Because the fact that a product is “typical” of a place allows the name of the place to become a geographical indicator of quality. So Nations use the brand country as a tool to promote their products, attract investments and promote activities like tourism. For this reason, they are developing public policies aimed at the construction, promotion and consolidation of the brand image of the country. This book chapter analyzes how the Spanish Government has used the social media to create and consolidate the Spain Brand image with the aim to establish an image of Spain as an economic and political power among the first countries in the world.
Role of Consumer Engagement and Swarm Intelligence in Management of a Brand at Social Media
Authors: Singh Rajshree
Published: May 2016

The traditional media has its own place and will always be there but the revolution in marketing era will change the thinking of the society as a whole and the various communication channels will always be in flux. The ability to think collectively seeks cognitive architectures of collective intelligence which today from consumer's perspective is to become a human swarm with the use of social media. With the growth of social media, marketing companies need something more innovative to engage and interact with their customers. As the marketplace becomes noisier, with more products being introduced, fight is not just mindshare but share of attention. Various organizations have started exploring the power of such a large user membership to influence the online buyers at social media and are attempting to engage consumers with their brands, which will finally influence their brand image. The chapter explores the extent of consumer experience and engagement, how online consumers are engaged towards a specific brand. The methodology for study is empirical evidence through netnography, and result of this study is through correlation and regression model. Findings confirm the factors contributing to consumer engagement and swarm intelligence in management of a brand at social media.
Antecedents and Consequences of Adopting Social Networking Technologies for Knowledge Sharing in Small Firms
Authors: Soto-Acosta Pedro , Popa Simona
Published: May 2016

This paper examines factors, which affect web 2.0 knowledge sharing and its effect on organizational innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The study also investigates whether web 2.0 knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between HR (Human Resource) practices and innovation. The proposed research model and its associated hypotheses were tested by using structural equation modelling on a dataset of 552 SMEs. Results suggest that technological and organizational factors are positively associated with web 2.0 knowledge sharing in Ss, while the contrary is found with regard to vertical competition. In addition, results show that web 2.0 knowledge sharing positively influence innovation and that web 2.0 knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between Human Resource (HR) practices and innovation in SMEs.
eWOM Marketing in Hospitality Industry
Authors: Dixit Saurabh Kumar
Published: May 2016

Due to its intangible nature, hospitality business finds it difficult to market its services. Past customer experiences are one of the best strategies that allow some quantification of the quality of the product. Word of mouth has been a key part of every effective marketing strategy for hospitality businesses. It is widely recognized that word of mouth, both positive and negative, has the potential to influence customer purchase decisions. With the technological advancement, the internet has been widely applied in various areas in the hospitality industry. Social media and the growth of web 2.0 have enabled word of mouth to be shared amongst millions of potential customers, one therefore can argue that electronic word of mouth (eWOM) has been the successor of the traditional word of mouth. Therefore, traditional Word-of-Mouth, which spread from person to person vocally has been replaced gradually by electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM). A growing trust on eWOM for making choices about hospitality products prompted the author to work on the present chapter.
Interplay of Attitude, Satisfaction and Purchase Intentions
Authors: Malik Rajeev Kumar , Priyanka  , Dubey Sujit Kumar
Published: May 2016

On one hand entry of e-commerce is bringing a new dimension to competitive landscape, and on the other the customers are becoming more aware and are willing to exercise their choice more than ever before. Increased influence of social media among youth provide the opportunity for retailers to engage with customers in newer forms and to extend their relationship with the customers. All these things provided the motivation for researchers to undertake this endeavor to understand and examine the attitudes of youth towards Online Shopping. Efforts were made to understand the relationship between Attitudes towards Online Shopping, Satisfaction and Future Intentions to Shop Online. Satisfaction of online shoppers worked as a partial mediator between Attitude towards Online Shopping and purchase intentions.
Nano-Scale Behavior and Nano-Modification of Cement and Concrete Materials
Authors: Zhang Liqing , Ding Siqi , Sun Shengwei , Han Baoguo , Yu Xun , Ou Jinping
Published: May 2016

Cement and concrete materials are widely used, but the development of them comes cross many problems and challenges, such as high energy consumption, high pollution, poor safety and durability, low smart. Nanotechnology is beneficial to understand the behavior of cement and concrete materials at nano-scale. In addition, nanomaterials have remarkable specific properties and functions which can endow cement and concrete materials high mechanical property and durability and multifunctionality. Therefore, applications and advances of nanotechnology and nanomaterials have injected new vitality into cement and concrete materials. This chapter will give a review about nano-scale behavior of cement and concrete materials, the nano modification methods to cement and concrete materials by using nano-binders and adding nano materials with attention to workability, hydration, mechanical property, durability and other properties of the cement and concrete materials, and the nano modification mechanisms to the cement and concrete materials. Finally, future development and challenge of nano-modificated cement and concrete materials are also discussed.
Trends in Nanoscopy in Materials Research
Authors: Sharif Ahmed
Published: May 2016

Nanotechnology has become one of the most emerging research areas to the researchers of the present world due to the wide application of nanomaterials including structures and buildings. With the rapid advancement of nanotechnology, manipulation and characterization of materials in nano scale have become an obvious part of construction related technology. This chapter will focus on some of the nano characterization techniques that are most frequently used in current research of nano materials. In particular scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, tomography, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy are addressed. The basic principle of these characterization techniques and their limitations were briefly discussed in this chapter. In addition, a number of case studies related to microscopic characterization of nano materials utilizing the aforementioned techniques from the published literature were discussed.
Applications of Nanotechnology in Transportation Engineering
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Ahmad Naveed , Mehmood Imran , Haq Israr Ul , Hassan Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Umer Arif
Published: May 2016

Nanotechnology is the latest development in science, where design, construction and applications of various particles involve at least one dimension in nanometers. The nanotechnology has been utilized in many of the scientific and societal disciplines including electronics, medicine, materials science and many more. It has also influenced the broader fields like civil engineering as well as the sub-disciplines including transportation, structural, geotechnical, water resources and environmental engineering. The current focus of the researchers in transportation field is to develop the materials for sustainable transportation facilities, by using the concepts of nanotechnology. The chapter is concerned with the literature review of potential applications of the nanotechnology in transportation engineering including safety, durability, sustainability and economy. The practical applications of the nanotechnology and nanomaterials shall prove to be an asset in transportation engineering.
Managing Access in Cloud Service Chains Using Role-Level Agreements
Authors: Abbasi Khurrum Mustafa , Haq Irfan ul , Malik Ahmad Kamran , Raza Basit , Anjum Adeel
Published: May 2016

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) has introduced a phenomena of system's interaction with maximum users. With the development of high speed Internet services, the use of remote devices and software has rapidly increased. It has opened new gateways for renting out resources. The Cloud Service Chain is a process of ownership transfer of a service at different levels by different service providers. The concept of service chain poses novel challenges related to security, trust and privacy of data. In this chapter, we are introducing a mechanism of access control for Cloud service chains. We have discussed the realization of Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to services of Federated-Cloud. When services are purchased in bundle, separate SLA is signed for each. We are also going to introduce a dynamic Role-Level Agreement (RLA) for such type of access control to services. The RLA will be an aggregated SLA for different services in a role. This will be helpful for service providers and the customers to sign a single document for a bundle rather than having separate one for every service.
Value Based Differentiation in Business Relationship for Capital Products and Complex Solutions
Authors: El-Tagy Ahmed O. , Wahba Khaled
Published: May 2016

Value based concepts are widely viewed as a way that enables companies to escape the price competition. In this case benefits and values start to have a great role. The main objective of the research is to develop a conceptual framework for building relationship value in the B2B context of capital products and complex solutions in Egypt. We complemented the literature review with twelve in-depth interviews with different buying center members who are involved in the purchasing decisions of complex solutions or capital products in medium and large organizations. The relationship value drivers were categorized as benefits and cost drivers. The benefit drivers that creates value for B2B capital products are (after sales service, product quality, time to market, supplier brand name, risk reduction, salesman role, and supplier market orientation). On the other hand, the model constructed the cost drivers as (direct cost, operation cost and payment methods).
Self-Production through the Banal and the Fictive
Authors: Ibrahim Yasmin
Published: May 2016

The self is performed through the banal of the everyday on social media. The banality of the everyday constitutes an integral part of our communication on digital platforms. Taking this as part of our performative lives in the digital economy, the paper looks at ways in which we co-produce the self through the banality of the everyday as well as a wider imagination and engagement with the world. These wider engagements are termed as ‘fictive' not because they are unreal but through a conceptual notion of how the self is performed and imagined through wider world events in digital platforms and screen cultures where convergence of technologies allow us to be constantly consumed through the screen as we live out our daily lives. The narration of our lives through the banal and the fictive constantly co-produces the self through a situated domesticity of the everyday and equally through the eventful. In the process it reveals our ongoing relationship with the screen as an orifice for the production of self and the construction of a social reality beyond our immediate domesticity.