bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Om videnskabelighed og tradition i læsningen af Det Nye Testamente
Authors: Engberg-Pedersen Troels
Published: February 2019

This article responds to an extensive review article by Jesper Tang Nielsen (Dansk Teologisk Tidsskrift 80, 2017, 51-69) of the present author’s book, John and Philosophy. A New Reading of the Fourth Gospel, by addressing the relationship between scientific scholarship and tradition in the interpretation of The New Testament. While postmodernists of various sorts may wish to deduce from the principle (as quoted by Tang Nielsen from Gitte Buch-Hansen) that ‘truth (without inverted commas) is now perceived as conditional on the method/perspective applied’ (a principle which taken by itself is almost a truism) that there is no longer any need to discuss the method or perspective to be applied, the article argues that there is precisely a need to discuss methods and perspectives and that the history – in the sense of the development – of scholarship plays a crucial role in this discussion. John and Philosophy extensively engages in just that discussion, and for that reason Tang Nielsen’s description of the book’s ‘stoicizing’ and‘(narrative-)philosophical’ method or perspective as being ultimately based on its author’s choice does not do justice to the book’s aim. In showing this, the article seeks to advance the cause of scientific scholarship as against all other, more directly ‘interested’ readings of The New Testament, including more traditional ones.
Uforanderligt passioneret
Authors: Mørch Michael Agerbo
Published: February 2019

The notion of God as immutable has received severe critiqueduring the last centuries. Critics claim that this doctrine is an importfrom Greek metaphysics which is alien to the portrait of the biblicalGod as passionate and relational. In this article, I describe how it remainspossible to talk about God as immutable, even after this critique,if we carefully define what is meant by the terminology. I suggest thatGod is ontologically immutable, but relationally mutable according tohis genuine relationship with his creatures. What is always realized inthe immanent trinity may take different shapes in the economy as therelationships develop. God has, therefore, different “modes of passion”suitable for every occasion. I conceptualize this understanding in theterm “immutably passionate”.
Oplyst, forbedret, saliggjort
Authors: Kjærgaard Jørgen
Published: February 2019

At the same time as his Fairy Tales were being published,Hans Christian Andersen was commissioned to write two hymns forthe re-opening of Holmen’s Church in Copenhagen. In his dissertation,Kaj Mogensen mainly sees these hymns as presenting an image ofGod as Creator, independently of their actual context in the particularchurch service on the day of the re-opening. The article considers thecontent of Hans Christian Andersen’s hymns as reflecting both the contemporarybaptismal ritual and the gospel for the sermon of the day inquestion.
BEST PRACTICE: Er biblioteket performancelitteraturens bogomsalg?
Authors: Gram Lise Kloster
Published: February 2019

Tidens litteratur er i stigende grad en litteratur, der finder sted uden for bogens rammer. Vi oplever den på scenen, hører den bippe ind på mobiltelefonen, følger den mellem venners statusopdateringer på Facebook, passerer den på gaden som street art, downloader den som applikation og finder den stikke frem blandet med andre kunstformer. Litteraturen anno 2012 breder sig således ud over bogen til et udvidet felt. Og vel at mærke et felt, der til stadighed ekspanderer, idet antallet af platforme, hvor litteraturen finder sted, er i vækst.
Best Practice: Biblioteket, bogen og brugeren
Authors: Larsen Michael Linde
Published: February 2019

Der var engang hvor litteraturen hovedsagligt var forbundet med alvor og det at læse var et dannelsesprojekt. Jørgen Thorgård bestyrede f.eks. bogprogrammet "Bøger" i Danmarks Radio, hvor de store spørgsmål blev stillet med udgangspunkt i litteraturens verden, og hvor målet var at snakke sig frem til en eller flere sandheder. Seerne var ikke i tvivl om, at det at læse var forbundet med lærdom og alvor. Samme tendens kunne identificeres på de danske folkebiblioteker. Her var forfatterne og værkerne i centrum, og en genre som krimi var ikke velset. De danske folkebibliotekarer så det som deres opgave at oplyse og berige befolkningen med det bedste af den litteratur som fandtes på bibliotekets hylder
Nyere sakprosaforskning i Norge : En kort presentasjon
Authors: Tønnesson Johan L.
Published: February 2019

I Norge, som i Sverige, har "sakprosa" vist seg å være et virksomt begrep i forskning og kulturliv. Gjennom forskningen økes kunnskapen og bevisstheten om det tekstlige ved ytringer som vanligvis oppfattes kun som fag og sak. Sakprosaforskningen tilstreber ikke å gi begrepet noen essensiell status, men det er foreslått en arbeidsdefinisjon som skiller mellom litterær og funksjonell sakprosa og forstår sakprosa som "tekster som adressaten har grunn til å oppfatte som direkte ytringer om virkeligheten". Gjennom to forskningsprosjekter og opprettelsen av to sakprosaprofessorater har forskningsfeltet blitt institusjonalisert, og det er utgitt en lang rekke publikasjoner siden starten i 1994, særlig om vitenskapelige, pedagogiske tekster, medietekster og politiske taler, men også om typiske brukstekster. I 2009 ble det nordiske tidsskriftet Sakprosa opprettet med norsk hovedredaktør, og det er utviklet en norsk forskningsbibliograf
Information, misinformation og disinformation : En sprogfilosofisk analyse
Authors: Søe Sille Obelitz
Published: February 2019

Indenfor især Informationsfilosofi (Philosophy of Information) men også andre dele af filosofien samt informationsvidenskab optræder en tredeling og distinktion mellem begreberne information, misinformation og disinformation. Det lader dog ikke til at disse tre begreber diskuteres i sammenhæng, men altid hver for sig. Dette synes at skabe nogle problemer i forhold til det samlede billede specielt med henblik på informationsbegrebet og forholdet til aktive agenter og deres intentioner. Via en kort gennemgang af synspunkterne fra nogle af de mest prominente navne indenfor Informationsfilosofi, samt et grundigt kig på Grice's begreb om mening, argumenteres der for at de tre begreber information, misinformation og disinformation bør diskuteres, analyseres og defineres i sammenhæng for at skabe et mere kongruent billede.
4-rumsmodellen som idégenereringsværktøj : En analyse af 4-rumsmodellens styrker og svagheder ved anvendelse i praksis
Authors: Nissen Mette , Carlsen Tine Furbo
Published: February 2019

4-rumsmodellen er en vision for vidensamfundets bibliotek og har siden præsentationen i 2010 været rammesættende for dansk biblioteksudvikling. Formålet med denne artikel er at formidle en undersø- gelse af, hvordan 4-rumsmodellen indholdsudfyldes af brugere, ikke-brugere og bibliotekspersonalet i Vesthimmerlands Kommune og derfra at vurdere, hvilke styrker og svagheder 4-rumsmodellen har ved anvendelse i praksis. Som baggrund for undersøgelsen redegøres for udvalgte teoretiske vinkler. Den valgte dataindsamlingsmetode er to typer af diskussionsfora, fokusgruppeinterviews med brugere og ikkebrugere samt workshops med personalet. Resultaterne viser, at deltagerne indsætter 4-rumsmodellen i en lokal kontekst, at de nævner emner, der rækker ud over modellen og at det performative rum skaber mest debat. På baggrund af resultaterne konkluderes, at 4-rumsmodellen er en god ramme til diskussion af biblioteksudvikling, men at den behøver følgetekster for at inspirere deltagerne.
Introduktion : Et tværdisciplinært blik på privatliv og overvågning
Authors: Andersen Jack
Published: February 2019

Overvågning og retten til privatliv har fyldt meget i den offentlige debat det seneste år, internationalt så- vel som i Danmark. Edward Snowden's læk af dokumenter fra den amerikanske efterretningstjeneste, der startede i sommeren 2013 og er fortsat i 2014, har for alvor sat spot på stater og efterretningstjenesters adgang til at overvåge deres borgere. Samtidig er det blevet tydeligt, at den øgede digitalisering, de digitale medier, og de allestedsværende kameraer er med til at sætte retten til privatliv under pres. Formålet med dette særnummer er at sætte fokus på dansk forskning indenfor den brede ramme: privatliv og overvågning. Emnet er bredt og tværdisciplinært i sin natur, og kan angribes på forskellig vis afhængig af ens politiske, epistemologiske, eller etiske ståsted - såvel som fra et juridisk, kulturelt, historisk, teknologisk, eller anden forskningstradition. Dette særnummer vil præsentere nogle af disse mange tilgange til forskning indenfor privatliv og overvågning. Vi håber, at vi med særnummeret kan sætte skub i mere forskning inden for privatliv og overvågning i Danmark, og at forskning i højere grad tænkes ind i tværdisciplinære problemstillinger og miljøer.
I en højere sags tjeneste : Afvejningen mellem overvågning og privatliv i en retlig kontekst
Authors: Langsted Lars Bo , Jakobsen Søren Sandfeld
Published: February 2019

Artiklen behandler ud fra en retsdogmatisk metode nogle af de grundlæggende problemstillinger, regler, principper og hensynsafvejninger, der gælder, når staten eller private virksomheder vil gennemføre overvågning af borgerne og dermed gøre indgreb i retten til privatlivets fred. Særlig fokus er på den digitale overvågning. Det konkluderes bl.a., at de gældende regler og retspraksis anerkender, at der konkret kan være andre interesser, det er vigtigere at varetage end retten til at kommunikere uden overvågning. For at disse legitime undtagelser ikke skal kunne udnyttes til en intetsigende og reelt altomfattende carte blanche til myndighederne, har domstolene dog også opstillet en række krav, dels til udformningen af regler, der giver hjemmel til overvågning, dels til den måde, disse regler administreres på af de relevante myndigheder. Retsstillingen er dog langt fra klar, og der er følgelig behov for yderligere forskning på området.
Pushing Boundaries : Reforming the Digital Youth Agenda through Cultural Competence with Eliza T. Dresang
Authors: Patin Beth Joy
Published: February 2019

Artiklen bestemmer kulturel kompetence som evnen til at kende og respektere egen og andres kulturer. I løbet af sin karriere arbejdede Dr. Eliza Dresang intenst for at gøre bibliotekernes service og materialer til børn mere inkluderende og mere reflekterende i relation til børns forskellige kulturer og fællesskaber. Selvom Dresang blev mest kendt for sin teori 'Radikal ændring' (1999), kæmpede hun for alle børns rettigheder på biblioteker. Denne artikel giver et signalement af Dresangs arbejde med multikulturel litteratur og kulturel kompetence. Den beskriver udviklingen af et bibliotekskursus baseret på viden om kulturel kompetence og den ender med at opsummere de foreløbige resultater fra to forskningsprojekter, der forsøger at demonstrere og empirisk underbygge betydningen af kulturel kompetence både for digitale unge og for de voksne, der arbejder sammen med dem.
Gaming the Reading Experience : Book-related Social Spaces for Young Children
Authors: Martens Marianne
Published: February 2019

Sammenlignet med bøger for voksne, går det langsommere med at flytte fra print til digitale platforme når det gælder bøger og andet med kulturelt indhold for børn. Forskning indenfor bogindustrien viser dog, at det nu begynder at gå hurtigere (Howell & Henry, Nielsen Book, 2014). Børn og unge får flere og flere muligheder for at deltage i nye online tiltag, som vedrører bøger og litteratur. Fordi der i USA er love der siger, at børn skal være 13 år for at deltage i online sites, f.eks. the Child Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), fokuserer de fleste amerikanske literatursites på unge, som er 13 år eller ældre. Som noget nyt er der for nylig blevet dannet to nye amerikanske bogsites (eller literatursites), hvor brugerinvolveringen er rettet mod yngre børn: KidzVuz og Biblionasium. Disse sites kræver tilladelse fra enten forældre eller lærere, og på den måde overholder de loven. Dette muliggør yngre børns deltagelse, samtidig med at ejerne af websites’ene kan udnytte"børnearbejdet" omkring bøgerne. Børnenes involvering på sites’ene fungerer som peer-to-peer marketing, og især KidzVuz introducerer børn for forskellige varemærker. Her kan børn fra 7-12 lave videoer, finde venner, og melde sig ind i fanklubber, samt skrive boganmendelser og anmeldelser for andre medier og andet der interesserer dem, som for eksempel tv og film, spil, kæledyr og konkurrencer. Der bruges gamification på sitet, hvilket betyder at, børnene ligesom i computerspil belønnes med badges for det arbejde, de udfører. Branding på sitet er et fokus som giver "en unik og målrettet mulighed for at eksponere børn for varemærker via peer-to-peer marketing gennem deres egne bekendskaber" (Kidzvuz, 2014). Biblionasium er et site hvor børn mellem 6 og 13 år kan skrive anmendelser. Sitet samler data omkring hvad børnene læser og sender feedback til kontoejerne, altså enten forældrene eller læreren. Sitet har stor fokus på undervisning, og hævder at være "dedikeret til børn og deres læsning." Sitet bruger læsbarhedsindex i forhold til "The Lexile Framework" til at vudere børnenes læseniveau. Begge sites forsøger at få børn til at deltage i læsning via sociale medier, men i det koncept ligger en hårfin balance mellem kommercialisering og altruisme, isaer fordi disse sites fokuserer på unge under 13 år. Denne artikel undersøger hvordan børn og unge i højere og højere grad bruges til at arbejde med online litteratur på måder som er involverende, sjove - og lige på kanten af loven. Europæisk lovgivning omkring unges deltagelse på online sites vil blive brugt til sammenligning.
Kolofon
Authors: Kann-Rasmussen Nanna
Published: February 2019

Kolofon4. årgang, nr. 3, udgivet december 2015 ISSN 2245-2931  ISSN (online) 2245-294X © Forfatterne og Det Informationsvidenskabelige Akademi. Det er tilladt at kopiere frit til privat brug med tydelig kildeangivelse. Kopiering i større omfang til undervisningsbrug o.l. kan kun ske efter indhentning af forfatternes og IVA’s tilladelse eller i henhold til kopieringsaftale med Copy-Dan.Redaktion:  Nanna Kann-Rasmussen (ansvh.) Trine Schreiber Redaktører af dette nummer: Nanna Kann-Rasmussen Trine SchreiberLayout: Bruno Kjær Illustrationer til dette nummer: Jesper Olsen
Wikipedians' Knowledge and Moral Duties
Authors: Mai Jens-Erik
Published: February 2019

Artiklen analyserer erkendelsesteoretiske og etiske forpligtelser i Wikipedias Neutral Point of View (NPOV) politik. Analyserne afslører revner i NPOV politikkens konceptuelle fundament i forhold til begreber som mening, fakta, viden, sikkerhed, tvivl, og kognitiv autoritet. Ydermere diskuterer artiklen NPOV politikkens etiske position som antagende en absolutistisk kerne og etisk relativisme ved kanterne. Artiklen konkluderer, at Wikipedia burde genkonceptualisere og omskrive NPOV politikken og erkende, at videns lokalitet er væsentligt, at de sprogspil Wikipedianere er en del af er væsentlige, at viden er som en rhizom med inkommensurable punkter, at udfordringerne ved inklusion ligger i kernen og ikke ved kanterne, og eksplicit tage en etisk pluralistisk position i sit foretagende.
From Webcams to Wikipedia There Is An Art & Feminism Online Social Movement : Happening and It Is Not Going Away
Authors: Washko Angela
Published: February 2019

The internet has always been a boys club. Women who choose to delve deeper into the net than their email inboxes needn't look very far to find themselves bombarded by the proliferation of archaic negative gender-based stereotypes in almost every digital space, including online games, meme culture, forums, online journalism, YouTube, and beyond. Every major platform and communication model online appears to be a megaphone for men to remind women that women don't belong or that they are only allowed to participate if they accept their role as objects of admiration or quiet, non-opinionated users, in the event they aren't deemed attractive enough for the former role. It is not uncommon for women online to be stalked, to receive death threats, and to be doxxed. And it is implicitly accepted that women will be under constant scrutiny in most digital spaces, especially if they dare to question these pervasive misogynistic field conditions. These threats can be alarming even when exclusively digital, as women have been raped in online spaces as early as 1993 (Dibbell, 1993).
Omkring modelprogrammets tilblivelse og funktion
Authors: Thorhauge Jens
Published: February 2019

Modelprogram for folkebiblioteker (http://modelprogrammer.slks.dk/) er en af det danske biblioteksvæ- sens nyere succeser. Ikke bare er det blevet en dynamisk ramme for deling og udvikling af erfaringer med biblioteksudvikling mellem danske biblioteker, det er også blevet en eksport artikel, både til Norden og den øvrige verden. Programmet bygger på firerumsmodellen, som Dorte Skot-Hansen har været en afgørende person bag. Jeg har været aktiv i promovering af programmet og har i de seneste år noteret mig, at det ofte går under navnet The Danish Model. Programmet er fortsat højt prioriteret i Slots- og Kulturstyrelsen. Som initiativtager og aktivt medvirkende til programmets realisering skal jeg her knytte nogle personlige kommentarer til programmets tilblivelse og baggrund, der dels belyser hvordan programmet blev til og dels giver et bud på, hvorfor det slog så bredt igennem, som tilfældet var og er.
Kan man se på et bibliotek, at det er et bibliotek?
Authors: Dahlkild Nan
Published: February 2019

Man kan også stille spørgsmålet mere åbent og spørge, om biblioteker eller i bredere forstand kulturelle byggerier har et særligt arkitektonisk udtryk, som gør det muligt at afkode deres identitet i forhold til skoler, domhuse, banegårde, elværker eller andre bygningstyper? Man kan gøre spørgsmålet endnu bredere: Hvor langt kan man gå i retning at fortolke arkitekturen som udtryk for bagvedliggende kulturpolitiske intentioner? Hvor tydeligt kommer kulturpolitiske nyorienteringer til udtryk i form af ny arkitektur?
Rationaler som retfærdighedsregimer i kulturpolitikken
Authors: Kann-Rasmussen Nanna
Published: February 2019

"Dortes kulturpolitiske rationaler" Et af Dorte Skot-Hansens væsentligste bidrag til den kulturpolitiske forskning er ideen om kulturpolitiske rationaler. Dortes rationaler, som det indforstået kaldes blandt kolleger på IVA, er blevet beskrevet og udviklet af Dorte Skot-Hansen i flere artikler, hvoraf to udgør grundlaget for denne artikels diskussion (Skot-Hansen, 1999, 2005). Mange kolleger i Norden, endnu flere i Danmark og utallige studerende har gennem årene brugt (og måske også misbrugt) dette begreb. Men hvad er egentlig et rationale, og hvordan kan man beskrive et rationale teoretisk? Det er omdrejningspunktet for denne tekst. I det følgende vil jeg derfor kort beskrive rationalerne som de fremstilles i de to nævnte artikler. Herefter vil jeg diskutere rationalebegrebet med begreber fra de franske sociologer Luc Boltanski og Laurent Thévenots pragmatiske sociologi.
Kampen om eReolen : Biblioteker, bogmarked og framing af det litterære kredsløb
Authors: Grøn Rasmus , Balling Gitte
Published: February 2019

Digitaliseringen af bogmediet har radikalt forandret ellers stabile strukturer på bogmarkeder verden over. Det gælder også i Danmark, hvor eReolen, folkebibliotekernes portal for e- og lydbøger, siden sin opstart i 2011 har affødt en konstant og til tider ophedet debat mellem det litterære kredsløbs aktø- rer. Debatten har foreløbigt ført til to genforhandlinger af modellen for bibliotekernes udlån af digitalt litteratur, uden det er lykkedes at samle alle parter. Bogens digitalisering har således brudt den modus vivendi, som traditionelt har hersket mellem bibliotek og bogmarked, og 'kampen' om eReolen er også blevet et vigtigt slag i definitionen af rammerne for et nyt digitalt bogmarked - og bibliotekets rolle på dette marked. Denne definitionskamp er emnet for herværende artikel, som med inspiration fra Ethnographic Content Analysis (Altheide & Schneider 2013) undersøger debattens perspektiver og argumenter. Der foretages en kortlægning og analyse af debatten med henblik på at blotlægge de centrale frames der anvendes af debattens aktører og hvordan disse frames definerer folkebibliotekets aktuelle og fremtidige rolle og legitimitet som litterær institution på det digitale bogmarked.
Forord
Authors: Jensen Thessa , Roued-Cunliffe Henriette
Published: February 2019

Researching Internet Content
Efter SKAM: Kollektive perspektiver på den individuelle oplevelse
Authors: Kann-Rasmussen Nanna , Quist Pia , Veel Kristin
Published: February 2019

Intet abstract
”Det er bare du, som kan føle det, du føler”: Skrøbelighed og queer alliancer i SKAMs Sæson 3
Authors: Bissenbakker Mons , Petersen Michael Nebeling
Published: February 2019

Analysing the series SKAM through an affective queer, crip, and antiracist reading strategy this article shows how SKAM re-politicizes the otherwise gay clichés the series touches upon; thus, the series present anything but a so-called “universal love story”. Rather, it offers a seldom seen queer eye for everyday homophobia as well as a possibility for alternative alliances among queers, crips, and secularism-criticals; alliances that move through as well as beyond the Feminist Killjoy.
Endelig! Historien om en tiltrængt public service succes
Authors: Kann-Rasmussen Nanna , Balling Gitte
Published: February 2019

The article discusses why and how SKAM, as a public service production, has become a success. The article presents two interconnected challenges for public service broadcasters today. The first challenge pertains to the fact that young people in particular turn away from traditional television; the second challenge relates to the concept social media logic, a logic that is largely incompatible with public service logic. The article presents a discussion on how SKAM has met these challenges. The article focusses mainly on its Danish reception. Through SKAMs thematic emphasis, the series offers its intended audience (young people) a contemporary guide to Nordic values. Furthermore, its transmedial distribution has engaged a large audience of people who are otherwise moving away from traditional public service content.
At føle meget : Affektive relationer i SKAM fanfællesskaber
Authors: Hartmann Rasmussen Ida Malene , Valtysson Bjarki
Published: February 2019

This article investigates SKAM’s transmedia storytelling with specific focus on the affective relations between fans on the SKAM blog (http://skam.p3.no). Empirically, the article is based on data extracted from a focus group conducted with SKAM-fans and a qualitative content analysis of the communication found in the commentary section on the blog. Results indicate that SKAM’s strategic use of transmedia storytelling is experienced by fans as authentic, and contributes to the emergence of affective online publics, where emotions and feelings run high.
Nye aktører på det danske bogmarked - Litteratursociologiens udfordringer
Authors: Worsøe-Schmidt Lisbeth
Published: February 2019

Traditionelly, since Robert Escarpit (1958), sociology of literature has analysed the book world as a book communications circuit. Typically, these models function as flow charts showing the transformation of a manuscript to a book within a print culture. The question is, however, if this approach is still suitable for analysing and understanding current changes within the book world. The aim of this article is to step behind the institutional flow charts by examining two distinct phenomena emerged as result of digitization and liberalisation of the Danish book market, NewPub and Mofibo, by means of Johan Svedjedal’s analysis of functions in combination with core concepts in Raymond Williams’ cultural theory. In addition, the concepts of mediation and mediatization are discussed. The main conclusions are that the circuit model reproduces the dominant culture and its omissions, especially communication, while analysis of functions coupled with Williams' concepts is well suited for analysing changes within the book world and, in addition, qualifies the difference between mediation and mediatization. Mofibo may be seen as a new institution within the dominant culture, while NewPub rather is an alternative, emergent formation.
Anmeldelse: Biblioteksdidaktik
Authors: Kjellberg Sara
Published: February 2019

Biblioteksdidaktik, af Cecilie Laskie (red.), Hans Reitzels Forlag (2017), 270 sider.
Anmeldelse: De skjulte algoritmer: Teknoantropologiske perspektiver
Authors: Thellefsen Martin
Published: February 2019

Anmeldelse: De skjulte algoritmer: Teknoantropologiske perspektiver, af Klavs Birkholm og Niels Frølich (red.), Djøf Forlag (2018), 272 sider.
Vistnok uvurderlig! - folkebibliotekerne i det litterære liv i Danmark
Authors: Lund Niels D.
Published: February 2019

The Danish public library as a new institution and the corresponding new librarian profession were established by law about 1918-20 and soon played an active role within circulation and mediation of literature/fiction. From a view of the sociology of literature and via a brief assessment of the concept of the literary life, the article intends to overview the position and significance of this institution in Denmark during these hundred years, and as for some special subfields more detailed and methodologically to discuss the interplays of the literary life and field. Not focusing on the growth rate of the libraries‘ buying and lending of fiction copies, of educated librarians, or of the increasing importance of the compensating artist royalties to the authors as evident quantitation markers, some other thematic subfields have been selected: buying structure at the book market, librarians as literature specialists, book selection as for function, taste and qualification, the library as self-interest publicity including relations literary periodicals/magazines, and examples of mediation initiatives, and finally a short adding up of today. These subfields are inquired each chronologically, there is no total account, so. Reminding the priority of the public libraries within the Danish cultural policy, there may have been little interest and focus of them by the sociology of literature; unlike this, the discussions of the article with a long historical view substantiate that the significance of the libraries in the Danish literary life has been manifold, strong and not overvalued.
Tillit og tverrfaglighet -om bibliotekaren som forskerstøtte
Authors: Kannelønning Mari Serine , Evjen Sunniva
Published: February 2019

Technological advancements and reforms in the university sector have changed the conditions under which researchers and academic staff work. In turn, university libraries need to adapt to the changing needs of this particular user group. This article highlights which competencies and roles the university librarian needs in order to address these changing needs based on an understanding of the researcher’s work context. How can the academic librarian contribute to the research process? The study on which this article is based has applied Institutional Ethnography (IE), as one methodological approach. IE puts focus on the expert knower, in this case the researcher, who can transmit work knowledge specific to the context in which he or she operates. Applying this approach is one way of dealing with challenges concerning tacit knowledge. In addition, IE provides an opening to revealing new knowledge about a well-studied issue. The data material consists of interviews with researchers (individual and group), and a workshop with academic library staff. Findings show that the researchers’ demands of publications governs their prioritization, but also their relationships to technology and people. The informants’ state that they need to be able to trust that librarians contribute added value and substance to the research process – only then can they be part of the research network. The informants would also like librarians to contribute with a transdisciplinary mindset in transdisciplinary research projects, that they coordinate administrative support, and take charge of research dissemination intended to “popularize” research.
Conceptualiser l’oppression épistémique1
Authors: Dotson Kristie
Published: February 2019

L’oppression épistémique désigne une exclusion épistémique persistante qui empêche ou limite la contribution d’une personne à la production des savoirs. On hésite à parler d’« oppression épistémique », et cela tient peut-être à la prémisse voulant que les formes épistémiques de l’oppression se ramènent en général à ses formes politiques et sociales. L’auteure convient que de nombreuses formes d’exclusion qui compromettent la capacité d’une personne à contribuer à la production des savoirs peuvent être ramenées à des formes d’oppression politique et sociale, mais il existe néanmoins des formes distinctes et irréductibles d’oppression épistémique. Elle soutient ainsi que la différence fondamentale entre les formes réductibles et irréductibles d’oppression épistémique réside dans le type de résistance à laquelle on fait face dans chaque cas, c’est-à-dire le pouvoir épistémique ou les caractéristiques des systèmes épistémologiques. La distinction entre les formes réductibles et irréductibles d’oppression épistémique permet de mieux comprendre les enjeux que soulève l’emploi de cette expression et la pertinence d’y recourir.
Pour une phénoménologie féministe du doute
Authors: Casselot Marie-Anne
Published: February 2019

Central par rapport au syndrome de l’imposteure, le doute est un acte réflexif interrogeant les capacités physiques ou intellectuelles d’une personne. Quels sont les aspects genrés du doute? En quoi font-ils partie de l’oppression sexiste de l’expérience vécue des femmes? L’auteure soutient que le doute est un acte réflexif à la foisindividuel,intersubjectifetpolitique. Elle propose une phénoménologie féministe du doute divisée en quatre temps : 1) le doute féminin individuel est issu de la socialisation genrée; 2) l’hésitation est un affect intersubjectif entre soi et autrui; 3) le doute est constitué par la confiance et la méfiance des femmes; et 4) le doute féministe devient une posture de résistance résultant d’une prise de conscience féministe. Cette phénoménologie féministe du doute s’appuie sur les travaux phénoménologiques d’Iris Marion Young, sur la notion d’hésitation chez Alia Al-Saji et sur la pensée de Sara Ahmed.
POZOS Y MAFIOSOS. LA INACABADA TRANSICIÓN DEL MERCADO DEL AGUA A LA GESTIÓN COLECTIVA EN EL PALERMO DEL SIGLO XX
Authors: D'Amaro Francesco
Published: February 2019

La creación de los consorcios de riego, en la primera posguerra, revolucionó los equilibrios sociales e hidráulicos de las regiones citrícolas de Palermo (Italia). En este artículo, a través de fuentes primarias, se analizan las relaciones conflictivas entre los agricultores usuarios, los nuevos y controvertidos organismos de gestión colectiva, los propietarios de pozos, acusados de dominar el mercado de las aguas, y los distribuidores, enjuiciados por pertenecer a la mafia en los años fascistas.
Frimureriets medier: Om 1700-talsfrimureriets mediering av hemligheter i tal, handskrift och tryck
Authors: Berndtsson Tim
Published: February 2019

Masonic Media: On Mediation of Secrets in Speech, Handwriting and Print within Eighteenth Century Freemasonry.This article deals with 18th century Freemasonry as a platform for mediation of secrets. First it discusses different theoretical aspects that can be applied when studying the phenomenon of initiatory orders with communication in focus. But it also uses different masonic sources in order to investigate some of the techniques used to mediate secrets, most notably ciphers and hieroglyphs. Aligning myself with Linda Simonis’ system theoretical view of masonry, I show that masonry depended on a distinction between secret and disclosure in order to make new candidates pass from profane to initiate. In order to distribute – but also in a sense create – secrets, the masons made use of several techniques such as vows of silence, locked archives, ciphers and hieroglyphs which were used either to enclose information (at the level of the medium) or encode it (at the level of meaning). Through use of such techniques the masonic organisations – with their sharp borders between inside and outside – can itself be conceived as mediums for the “secret of masonry”. This in turn put masonry into opposition to the transparency ideal of the Enlightenment.
Considerations for studying transmission of antimicrobial resistant enteric bacteria between wild birds and the environment on intensive dairy and beef cattle operations
Authors: Tormoehlen Kristin , Johnson-Walker Yvette J. , Lankau Emily W. , Myint Maung San , Herrmann John A.
Published: February 2019

Background

Wild birds using livestock facilities for food and shelter may contribute to dissemination of enteric pathogens or antimicrobial resistant bacteria. However, drivers of microbial exchange among wildlife and livestock are not well characterized. Predisposition for acquiring and retaining environmental bacteria may vary among species because of physiologic or behavioral differences, complicating selection of a bacterial model that can accurately characterize microbial connections among hosts of interest. This study compares the prevalence and antibiotic resistance phenotypes of two potential model bacterial organisms isolated from wild birds and their environments.

Methods

We compared prevalence and resistance profiles ofEscherichia coliandEnterococcusspecies isolated from environmental swabs and bird feces on a residential control site, a confinement dairy, a pasture-based beef farm, and a confinement beef farm.

Results

Bird feces at all sites had low-to-moderate prevalence ofEscherichia coli(range: 17–47%), despite potential for exposure on farms (range: 63–97%). FewEscherichia coliwere isolated from the control environment.Enterococcus faecaliswas dominant in birds at both beef farms (62% and 81% ofEnterococcusisolates) and low-to-moderately prevalent at the dairy and control sites (29% and 23% of isolates, respectively). Antimicrobial resistance prevalence was higher in farm samples compared to those from the residential control, but distribution of resistant isolates varied between the bacterial genera. Birds on all farms carried resistantEnterococcusat similar rates to that of the environment, but resistance was less common in bird-associatedEscherichia colidespite presence of resistant isolates in the farm environment.

Discussion

Bacterial species studied may affect how readily bacterial exchange among populations is detected. Selection of microbial models must carefully consider both the questions being posed and how findings might influence resulting management decisions.
Reproductive & Biomarker Response to a Daily Dose of Instant Noodle Seasoning in Male Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Obemeata E. Oriakpono, , Blessing C. Ibanibo,
Published: February 2019

The effect of a daily consumption of Instant noodle seasoning containing the Monosodium glutamate (MSG) on rat was evaluated, The parameters investigated include; Alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase  (AST). Hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) white blood cell (WBC), protein, platelets, lymphocytes and Serum electrolytes; sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) chloride (Cl), bicarbonate (HCO3 - ). Sperm count was also investigated. The results revealed the following, the mean PCV was 29 and 25.13on week 1 and week 4, with an average control of 30.69, mean Hb was 10 in week 1 and 6.57 in week 4, RBC had an average control of 5.28 while week 1 had a mean of 4.77 and week 4 3.67, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) for PCV and Hb. The mean WBC and Lymphocyte were 6 and 61 in the first week, and 5.8 and 60.17 on the fourth week, with an average control of 5.28 for WBC and 77.53 for lymphocytes. Platelet had a mean of 251 on the first week and a mean of 532 on the fourth week with a significant difference across the group in WBC and platelets (P<0.05). The           mean serum Na, K and Cl reduced from 140.67, 4.13 and 100.67 in week 1 to 116, 2.5 and 98 in week 4 with a significant difference (P<0.05) across the group when compared to the average control for Na and K. HCO3 had a mean of 23.67 in week 1 and a mean of 22.67 in week 4 in the treated group. AST had a mean of 24 in week 1 which increased to 41.67 in week 4 while ALT increased from a mean of 4.00 in week 1 and 28 in week 4 with a significant difference (P<0.05) across the group. The mean serum protein was 51.93 in week 1 and a 74.29 in week 4. The           mean sperm count was 800, 299.67, 450.67 and 501 for week 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The results indicates that daily consumption of Instant noodle seasoning may cause liver damage,            and kidney dysfunction and has been discovered to have negative effects on blood and sperm cells.
Information Needs of the Female Farmers in Agricultural Activities
Authors: Huda Saiful , Kabir Md. Rayhan , Tabassum Sumaiya , Sonet Md. Rubayet Al Ferdous , Muhammad Noor
Published: February 2019

The purposes of this study was to determine the selected characteristics of the female farmers, to determine the information needs of the female farmers in practicing agriculture and to explore the relationship between information need and selected characteristics of the female farmers. Data were collected using interview schedule from a sample of 50 farmers out of 100 farmers of target group and 50 farmers out of 100 farmers of control group selected random sampling procedure from the beneficiaries of PROTIC project of Dimala upazila under Nilphamari district. Besides the usual descriptive statistical parameter, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) was used for the statistical analysis. The information needs were determined on 20 selected agricultural activities related information. It was revealed that the highest information needs was observed on ‘pesticides name’ in target groups. Lowest information needs was observed on ‘pond preparation’. In case of control groups the highest information needs was observed on pesticides name’ while lowest information needs was observed on ‘water quality management’ among the selected information of practicing agricultural activities. In target groups majority of the respondents (74 percent) mentioned medium information needs while 14 percent low and 12 percent high information needs. Among the control groups 62 percent farmers opined medium information needs while 16 percent mentioned about low information needs and 22 percent showed high information needs for practicing agricultural activities. In response to target groups it was observed that extension media contact and agricultural knowledge, annual income and aspiration while in response to control group farmers’ agricultural knowledge and aspiration are positively and age was negatively correlated with information needs of female farmers in practicing agriculture.
Combining Ability Analysis of Late Leaf Spot Resistance and Other Agronomic Traits in Nine Groundnut Genotypes
Authors: Takyun A. D. , Mohammed M. S. , Usman A.
Published: February 2019

Late leaf spot (LLS) Phaeoisariopsis personata (Berk. and Curtis) Deighton is one of the most important foliar diseases of groundnut worldwide including Nigeria. The genotypes were used to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for yield components and late leaf spot (LLS) resistance. Four susceptible genotypes (SAMNUT 23, SAMNUT 24, SAMNUT 25 and SAMNUT 26) were used as females and five resistant genotypes (ICGV 12991, ICGV 7878, FDR-F7 82, FDR-F7 67 and FDR-F7 61) were used as males using line x tester mating design with three replications. The parents and progenies were evaluated for late leaf spot resistance. Highly significant negative general combing ability (GCA) effects were recorded for disease incidence in SAMNUT 25 (-0.05), indicating the genotype is a good general combiner for late leaf spot (LLS) and SAMNUT 26 (-5.90) is a good general combiner for LLS disease severity. ICGV 12991 (-12.00), FDR-F7 67 (-.68) and FDR-F7 61 (-2.23) genotypes are good general combiner for late leaf spot (LLS) disease resistance (disease incidence and severity), among the crosses, significant and negative SCA effects were obtained for most of the crosses i.e SAMNUT 24 x FDR-F7 67 and SAMNUT 24 x FDR-F7 61 for late leaf spot (LLS) resistance indicating that they are good specific combiners for late leaf spot (LLS) resistance. The ratio of the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combing ability (SCA) variances indicated the preponderance of specific combining ability (SCA) variance over general combining ability (GCA) variance for disease incidence and severity, indicating the role of non-additive gene effect and it may be due to difference in genotypes used as parents.
Development of a Threshing Device for Pearl Millet
Authors: Samuel Akinwonmi Ademola , Alice Kolawole Adenike , Mawuli Seckley, Emmanuel , Adetunla Adedotun O.
Published: February 2019

Millets are high energy and nutritious foods recommended for the health and well- being of infants, lactating mothers and elderly people. Threshing of this crop still poses a lot of problems to local farmers. To make millet farming integral in Ghana, engineers are making concerted efforts to produce simple farm implements. This will complement other measures adopted by other stake holders to ensure that there is food security. This paper therefore presents a community based millet thresher to reduce the burden farmers go through in threshing pearl millet. The millet thresher has a thresher welded to a steel shaft and then supported on a frame. Connected to the thresher are; an input mounted on the thresher and an output fitted to the exit of the thresher. The output comprises a sieve and a tray. A centrifugal fan supported on the frame supplies air that winnows the threshed grain coming out of the tray and the cleaned millet grains fall into a collector. The millet thresher mainly employs the effects of friction (taking advantage of the fact that millets can be effectively threshed by rubbing the panicles on a rough surface) for threshing. Results show that the thresher rotates in the anticlockwise direction at a speed of 950 revolutions per minute with shaft diameter of 30.88 mm calculated from the equivalent torque. The millet thresher would reduce the long laborious hours spent in threshing and improve the quality of the grains since the possibility of the wind introducing foreign materials into the millet is reduced.
Determination of Heavy Metals in Soil and Plants along Major Road in Hong Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Timothy Nachana’a
Published: February 2019

Heavy metal concentration in roadside soil and plants are increasingly becoming of health concern. This work determined the concentration of selected heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn, Co, Ni and Cu) in roadside soils and plants samples from selected sites (Plaifu, Shiwa, Fadama-rake and Damdrai) along major road in Hong. Soil samples were taken 10 m, 20 m and 30 m away from the edge of the road at the  depth of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm. Plant samples were randomly collected within the vicinity where the soil samples were taken and were analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The result revealed the trend in soil heavy metal concentration was Fe > Mn > Mg > Pb > Zn > Ni > Co > Cu > Cr > Cd and for plant the trend was Fe > Mn > Mg > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > Cd > Co > Cr. The concentrations decreased with increasing distance away from the edge of the road as well as with depth at which the soil sample were taken. The transfer factor showed that the concentration of Zn, Mn, Cu and Mg were greater than 1, which shows that plant were enriched by Zn, Mn, Cu and Mg from the soil. Mg and Cd equal to 1 at Plaifu and Damdrai. Most of the values of TF at the study area super pass 0.5, which implies that generally, the ability of bioaccumulation of these heavy metals in examined plants were relatively high.
Effect of Salicyclic Acid and Indole Acetic Acid on Tomato Crop under Induced Salinity and Cadmium Stressed Environment: A Review
Authors: Malik Zahid Ahmad , Lal Eugenia. P. , Mir Zahoor Ahmad , Lone Ashiq Hussain
Published: February 2019

Tomato is one of the common garden fruits in India and is cultivated worldwide because of its edible fruits that are rich in antioxidants, such as lycopene and carotenoid etc. Although densities of ascorbic acid and B-carotene in tomato are modest compared to some other vegetables, tomato ranks high as a source of vitamins A and C in human diets because of high consumption in many countries of the world. Cadmium (Cd) is probably one of the most toxic heavy metals, particularly at high concentrations, inhibiting plant growth and development, whereas at low concentrations Cadmium may also stimulate growth depending on the plant species. Cadmium can also negatively interfere with important plant processes such as water transport, oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, photosynthesis and chlorophyll contents. Salinity reduces plant productivity first by reducing plant growth during the phase of osmotic stress and subsequently by inducing leaf senescence during the phase of toxicity. Salicyclic Acid (SA) and Indole acetic acid (IAA) are involved in the protection of plants against multiple stresses, Such as salinity, water stress, drought stress, and herbicides. Indeed, this may be also reported that Salicyclic acid and Indole acetic acide can ameliorate the injurious effects of heavy metals on plants.
Identifying Possible Hepatic Fibrosis of Hepatitis B Origin Using Non-invasive Markers: A Case-control Study in the South West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Tufon Kukwah Anthony , Meriki Henry Dilonga , Tebit Kwenti Emmanuel , Georges Teuwafeu Denis , Tony Nyeke James , Tendongfor Nicholas , Enow-Orock George , Anong Damian Nota
Published: February 2019

Aim: HBV infection is known to cause liver fibrosis as well as some extrahepatic manifestations. We aimed at assessing hematological changes and identifying possible hepatic fibrosis of Hepatitis B origin using non-invasive markers (NIMs).

Study Design: A hospital-based Case-control study

Place and Duration of Study: Conducted at the Buea Regional Hospital, South West Region of Cameroon from February 2016 to December 2017

Methods: We enrolled HBV infected treatment naïve patients and “healthy” controls. All participants were subjected to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) measurement, Full blood count (FBC), HBsAg, anti-HBc, HIV and HCV tests. Aspartate-platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis based on 4 factors (FIB-4), age-platelet index (API) and AST/ALT ratio (AAR) were generated from the test results. A questionnaire was administered to collect demographic data, alcohol consumption and history of liver/kidney disease or metabolic syndrome.

Results: A total of 202 cases and 202 controls were enrolled. Hematocrit (HCT) was significantly higher (p<0.001) in cases than controls. The controls had significantly higher mean values for platelet (p=0.005), neutrophil (p=0.032) and number of individuals with AST/ALT ratio (AAR) ≥1. Liver fibrosis was significantly associated with cases than controls based on APRI (OR:6.06, CI:3.59-10.24), FIB-4 (OR:5.35, CI:2.75-10.39) and API (OR:8.02, CI:1.81-35.55). Among the HBV infected cases, 69 (34.2%), 36(17.8%) and 8(4.0%) had results indicative of fibrosis from at least 2, at least 3 and all 4 NIMs respectively. AAR detected possible fibrosis in 136 HBV infected cases of which up to 77 (56.6%) were not detected as fibrosis by the other NIMs.

Conclusion: HBV infection affects neutrophil percentage, HCT, PLT, APRI, FIB-4 and API in our study population. AAR did not prove to be a reliable NIM. Using at least 3 NIMs for HBV infected patients can significantly scale up their reliability for determining liver fibrosis in clinical practice.