bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing: Unravelling the Bone One Cell at a Time
Authors: Chai Ryan C.
Published: August 2022

Purpose of Review

Bone is a complex tissue populated by a highly heterogeneous mix of cell types in different compartments. The endosteal compartment is a key site for bone remodelling and provides a supportive microenvironment to harbour haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as cancer cells that grow in bone. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings of studies in bone using single-cell RNA sequencing and emergent spatial RNA sequencing to describe different bone-resident cell types and their molecular programs.

Recent Findings

Single-cell RNA sequencing identified novel and transcriptionally distinct cell clusters within different bone cell lineages, including MSCs, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, osteoclasts and cells of the vasculature. Spatial transcriptomics methods provide information on the localization of the different cell populations.

Single-cell transcriptomics provided valuable insights into long-standing knowledge gaps in the cellular heterogeneity of bone-resident cells in unprecedented detail, paving the way for studies to further investigate the different cell populations and to develop cell-based therapies for bone diseases.
A Review of Molecular Interplay between Neurotrophins and miRNAs in Neuropsychological Disorders
Authors: Abdolahi Sara , Zare-Chahoki Ameneh , Noorbakhsh Farshid , Gorji Ali
Published: August 2022

Various neurotrophins (NTs), including nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4, promote cellular differentiation, survival, and maintenance, as well as synaptic plasticity, in the peripheral and central nervous system. The function of microRNAs (miRNAs) and other small non-coding RNAs, as regulators of gene expression, is pivotal for the appropriate control of cell growth and differentiation. There are positive and negative loops between NTs and miRNAs, which exert modulatory effects on different signaling pathways. The interplay between NTs and miRNAs plays a crucial role in the regulation of several physiological and pathological brain procedures. Emerging evidence suggests the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of the interactions between NTs and miRNAs in several neuropsychological disorders, including epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, and drug abuse. Here, we review current data regarding the regulatory interactions between NTs and miRNAs in neuropsychological disorders, for which novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic strategies are emerging. Targeting NTs-miRNAs interactions for diagnostic or therapeutic approaches needs to be validated by future clinical studies.
Neue Rechte, Rechtspopulismus und Soziale Arbeit
Authors: Thole Werner , Simon Stephanie , Wagner Leonie
Published: August 2022

Die Einleitung in den Themenschwerpunkt „Neue Rechte, Rechtspopulismus und Soziale Arbeit“ skizziert aktuelle rechtspopulistische respektive neurechte Entwicklungen und stellt deren Bezugspunkte zur Sozialen Arbeit dar.
Performance management systems: Trade-off between implementation and strategy development
Authors: Lewandowski Roman A. , Cirella Giuseppe T.
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to understand how performance management systems (PMS) affect the strategy development process. The research examines PMS implementation and evaluates how the implementation of PMS links measures with rewards, i.e., financial and non-financial, to influence strategy formation. This qualitative study is based on 74 semi-structured face-to-face in-depth interviews with board members, mid-level managers, and other employees in nine organizations. Theory-building is comprised of the transcribed and analyzed interviews using MAXQDA 12 software. Theory-testing, i.e., a verificatory stage, consisted of analyzing previously identified phenomena. Results suggest that PMS affects strategy development processes by influencing both employee relational and calculative trust in their superiors. It also indicates a direct behavioral effect on employee knowledge sharing and manager trust in their subordinates. As a result, this may determine the extent to which managers exploit shared knowledge while formulating a strategy. The research demonstrates there is a trade-off between PMS implementation and strategy development. A gap in the literature is filled by integrating relational and calculative trust with PMS implementation and showing how such changes in trust mediate knowledge sharing behavior and strategy development.
Change in the graphics of journal articles in the life sciences field: analysis of figures and tables in the journal “Cell”
Authors: Ariga Kana , Tashiro Manabu
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine how trends in the use of images in modern life science journals have changed since the spread of computer-based visual and imaging technology. To this end, a new classification system was constructed to analyze how the graphics of a scientific journal have changed over the years. The focus was on one international peer-reviewed journal in life sciences,Cell, which was founded in 1974, whereby 1725 figures and 160 tables from the research articles inCellwere sampled. The unit of classification was defined as a graphic and the figures and tables were divided into 5952 graphics. These graphics were further classified into hierarchical categories, and the data in each category were aggregated every five years. The following categories were observed: (1) data graphics, (2) explanation graphics, and (3) hybrid graphics. Data graphics increased by more than sixfold between 1974 and 2014, and some types of data graphics including mechanical reproduction images and bar charts displayed notable changes. The representation of explanatory graphics changed from hand-painted illustrations to diagrams of Bezier-curves. It is suggested that in addition to the development of experimental technologies such as fluorescent microscopy and big data analysis, continuously evolving application software for image creation and researchers’ motivation to convince reviewers and editors have influenced these changes.
Information access equality on generative models of complex networks
Authors: Wang Xindi , Varol Onur , Eliassi-Rad Tina
Published: August 2022

It is well known that networks generated by common mechanisms such as preferential attachment and homophily can disadvantage the minority group by limiting their ability to establish links with the majority group. This has the effect of limiting minority nodes’ access to information. We present the results of an empirical study on the equality of information access in network models with different growth mechanisms and spreading processes. For growth mechanisms, we focus on the majority/minority dichotomy, homophily, preferential attachment, and diversity. For spreading processes, we investigate simple versus complex contagions, different transmission rates within and between groups, and various seeding conditions. We observe two phenomena. First, information access equality is a complex interplay between network structures and the spreading processes. Second, there is a trade-off between equality and efficiency of information access under certain circumstances (e.g., when inter-group edges are low and information transmits asymmetrically). Our findings can be used to make recommendations for mechanistic design of social networks with information access equality.
Path Forward to Optimise Post-approval Change Management and Facilitate Continuous Supply of Medicines and Vaccines of High Quality Worldwide
Authors: Deavin Andrew , Adam Sarah , Ausborn Susanne , Nielsen Ane Sofie Böhm , Cappellini Sonia , Colmagne-Poulard Isabelle , Gastineau Thierry , Gonzalez-Martinez Arturo , Meillerais Sylvie , Mortazavi Charlie
Published: August 2022

Post-approval changes (PACs) to the registered information of authorised medicinal products are introduced routinely worldwide to enhance the robustness and efficiency of the manufacturing process, ensure timely supply in case of increased demand, improve quality control techniques, respond to changes in regulatory requirements and upgrade to state-of-the-art facilities. These are critical to prevent supply disruption and continuously improve existing medicines and vaccines. Due to the complexity of current PAC systems across markets, a change can take 3 to 5 years to approval globally (Hoath et al in BioProcess Int, 2016) thus hindering innovation and increasing the risk of shortages. The key messages are as follows: 1. Industry believes that global regulatory convergence of post-approval changes to Marketing Authorisations (MAs) using science- and risk-based approaches will enable a more efficient management of quality and supply improvements and will facilitate patients’ access to innovative medicines and vaccines of the highest quality. 2. National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) should establish national or regional guidelines in line with international standards (regarding a risk-based classification of changes and standardisation of requirements) (Guidelines on procedures and data requirements for changes to approved biotherapeutic products, in WHO Technical Report Series, 2018, Guidelines on procedures and data requirements for changes to approved vaccines, in WHO Technical Report Series, 2015), have clear procedural guidance including timelines and implement reliance pathways to accelerate the approval of changes. This paper briefly outlines the challenges for PACs and provides solutions for a more flexible and aligned global system.
Depression and anxiety among chronic anal fissure patients
Authors: El Muhtaseb M. S. , Salameh Mohammad , Al-Mikhi Bana , Alfattah Amer Abed , Hamsho Firas , Braizat Zain , Alsheikh Farah , Khouri Diala , Haimour Shahed , Addasi Rami , Alsaadi Tabarak , Al-husban Naser , Alkayed Zaid , Banimustafa Radwan
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

/Aims: Anal fissures are common disorders characterized by extreme pain, difficult defecation, and altered quality of life. The etiology of such condition is not entirely elucidated as it is implicated that stress could be an etiologic factor of anal fissures. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the mental health of patients with chronic anal fissures in an effort to demonstrate the link between psychiatric disorders and anal fissures.

Method:

ology: All patients clinically diagnosed with chronic anal fissures attending the surgery clinics were recruited prospectively into this study over a 4-month period (from October 2020 to February 2021). During the clinic visit, patients were examined for chronic anal fissures as well as evaluated for depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances using the PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PSQI scores pre and post the 3-months treatment period.

Results:

This study included a total of 51 patients clinically diagnosed with chronic anal fissures. The sample has an average age of41.8 ± 14.5 years and an average time of 7.1 ± 22.1 months since the start of their symptoms. The most frequent symptoms across the sample included pain while defecating (92.2%), severe constipation (52.9%), and bloody stool (45.1%).During follow up after 3 months treatment, our analysis showed that the means of PHQ9, GAD7, and PSQI scores were significantly lower than at diagnosis (pre-treatment) (All, p < 0.01).

Moreover, pain intensity, distress, and interference means were all significantly lower than their values prior to treatment (All, p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

We concluded that the quality of life for patients with chronic anal fissures is impacted by pain, psychiatric disorders and sleep disturbances. Therapy should be attainable, cheap, effective and focused on enhancing sleep alterations, in addition to targeting psychiatric symptoms.

Highlights
From Radio Guarachita toEl Tieto eShow: Bachata’s Imagined Communities
Authors: Sellers Julie A.
Published: August 2022

Bachata has used mass media throughout its history to foster a sense of inclusion and community among fans, from Radio Guarachita in the 1960s to livestreaming on social media in the twenty-first century. This article considers how the Dominican Facebook Live program,El Tieto eShow, continues bachata’s intimate relationship with mass media through the creation and development of a virtual imagined community of bachata enthusiasts around the globe. The article explores how the cultural roots of the imagined community—the decline of sacred languages and societal high centers and the acceptance of calendrical over sacred time—contribute to this sense of group amongEl Tieto eShow’s worldwide audience. It also considers the importance of this type of virtual fan community in propagating a sense of proximity to each other and musicians.
Globalizing ‘science and religion’: examples from the late Ottoman Empire
Authors: Yalçınkaya M. Alper
Published: August 2022

This article brings together insights from efforts to develop a global history of science and recent historical and sociological studies on the relations between science and religion. Using the case of the late Ottoman Empire as an example, it argues that ‘science and religion’ can be seen as a debate that travelled globally in the nineteenth century, generating new conceptualizations of both science and religion in many parts of the world. In their efforts to counter arguments that represented Islam as the enemy of science and progress, young Ottoman intellectuals wrote many texts addressing a specific European author, or an imagined, broad European audience in the mid- to late nineteenth century. These texts described a ‘science-friendly’ Islam of which not only Europeans but also ‘ignorant Muslims’ were unaware. Using examples from the Ottoman press, the article demonstrates how this effort involved separating Islam from the lived reality of Muslims, transforming the religion essentially into a text that referred to scientific facts or that instructed adherents to appreciate science. In their contributions to the debate on science and religion, these young intellectuals thus also defined themselves as the legitimate interpreters of Islam in the ‘age of science’.
Data-enabled sketch search and retrieval for visual design stimuli generation
Authors: Zhang Zijian , Jin Yan
Published: August 2022

Access to vast datasets of visual and textual materials has become significantly easier. How to take advantage of the conveniently available data to support creative design activities remains a challenge. In the phase of idea generation, the visual analogy is considered an effective strategy to stimulate designers to create innovative ideas. Designers can read useful information off vague and incomplete conceptual visual representations, or stimuli, to reach potential visual analogies. In this paper, a computational framework is proposed to search and retrieve visual stimulation cues, which is expected to have the potential to help designers generate more creative ideas by avoiding visual fixation. The research problems include identifying and detecting visual similarities between visual representations from various categories and quantitatifying the visual similarity measures serving as a distance metric for visual stimuli search and retrieval. A deep neural network model is developed to learn a latent space that can discover visual relationships between multiple categories of sketches. In addition, a top cluster detection-based method is proposed to quantify visual similarity based on the overlapped magnitude in the latent space and then effectively rank categories. The QuickDraw sketch dataset is applied as a backend for evaluating the functionality of our proposed framework. Beyond visual stimuli retrieval, this research opens up new opportunities for utilizing extensively available visual data as creative materials to benefit design-by-analogy.
BET bromodomain inhibition rescues PD-1-mediated T-cell exhaustion in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhong Mengjun , Gao Rili , Zhao Ruocong , Huang Youxue , Chen Cunte , Li Kehan , Yu Xibao , Nie Dingrui , Chen Zheng , Liu Xin , Liu Zhuandi , Chen Shaohua , Lu Yuhong , Yu Zhi , Wang Liang , Li Peng , Zeng Chengwu , Li Yangqiu
Published: August 2022

Sustained expression of programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) is correlated with the exhaustion of T cells, and blockade of the PD-1 pathway is an effective immunotherapeutic strategy for treating various cancers. However, response rates are limited, and many patients do not achieve durable responses. Thus, it is important to seek additional strategies that can improve anticancer immunity. Here, we report that the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor JQ1 inhibits PD-1 expression in Jurkat T cells, primary T cells, and T-cell exhaustion models. Furthermore, JQ1 dramatically impaired the expression of PD-1 and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-domain-containing-3 (Tim-3) and promoted the secretion of cytokines in T cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In line with that, BET inhibitor-treated CD19-CAR T and CD123-CAR T cells have enhanced anti-leukemia potency and resistant to exhaustion. Mechanistically, BRD4 binds to the NFAT2 and PDCD1 (encoding PD-1) promoters, and NFAT2 binds to the PDCD1 and HAVCR2 (encoding Tim-3) promoters. JQ1-treated T cells showed downregulated NFAT2, PD-1, and Tim-3 expression. In addition, BET inhibitor suppressed programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and cell growth in AML cell lines and in primary AML cells. We also demonstrated that JQ1 treatment led to inhibition of leukemia progression, reduced T-cell PD-1/Tim-3 expression, and prolonged survival in MLL-AF9 AML mouse model and Nalm6 (B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell)-bearing mouse leukemia model. Taken together, BET inhibition improved anti-leukemia immunity by regulating PD-1/PD-L1 expression, and also directly suppressed AML cells, which provides novel insights on the multiple effects of BET inhibition for cancer therapy.
A common deletion at BAK1 reduces enhancer activity and confers risk of intracranial germ cell tumors
Authors: Sonehara Kyuto , Kimura Yui , Nakano Yoshiko , Ozawa Tatsuya , Takahashi Meiko , Suzuki Ken , Fujii Takashi , Matsushita Yuko , Tomiyama Arata , Kishikawa Toshihiro , Yamamoto Kenichi , Naito Tatsuhiko , Suzuki Tomonari , Yamaguchi Shigeru , Miwa Tomoru , Sasaki Hikaru , Kitagawa Masashi , Ohe Naoyuki , Fukai Junya , Ogiwara Hideki , Kawamura Atsufumi , Miyawaki Satoru , Matsuda Fumihiko , Kiyokawa Nobutaka , Ichimura Koichi , Nishikawa Ryo , Okada Yukinori , Terashima Keita
Published: August 2022

Intracranial germ cell tumors (IGCTs) are rare brain neoplasms that mainly occur in children and adolescents with a particularly high incidence in East Asian populations. Here, we conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 133 patients with IGCTs and 762 controls of Japanese ancestry. A common 4-bp deletion polymorphism in an enhancer adjacent to BAK1 is significantly associated with the disease risk (rs3831846; P = 2.4 × 10−9, odds ratio = 2.46 [95% CI: 1.83–3.31], minor allele frequency = 0.43). Rs3831846 is in strong linkage disequilibrium with a testicular GCTs susceptibility variant rs210138. In-vitro reporter assays reveal rs3831846 to be a functional variant attenuating the enhancer activity, suggesting its contribution to IGCTs predisposition through altering BAK1 expression. Risk alleles of testicular GCTs derived from the European GWAS show significant positive correlations in the effect sizes with the Japanese IGCTs GWAS (P = 1.3 × 10−4, Spearman’s ρ = 0.48). These results suggest the shared genetic susceptibility of GCTs beyond ethnicity and primary sites.
Distinctive roles of translesion polymerases DinB1 and DnaE2 in diversification of the mycobacterial genome through substitution and frameshift mutagenesis
Authors: Dupuy Pierre , Ghosh Shreya , Adefisayo Oyindamola , Buglino John , Shuman Stewart , Glickman Michael S.
Published: August 2022

Antibiotic resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is exclusively a consequence of chromosomal mutations. Translesion synthesis (TLS) is a widely conserved mechanism of DNA damage tolerance and mutagenesis, executed by translesion polymerases such as DinBs. In mycobacteria, DnaE2 is the only known agent of TLS and the role of DinB polymerases is unknown. Here we demonstrate that, when overexpressed, DinB1 promotes missense mutations conferring resistance to rifampicin, with a mutational signature distinct from that of DnaE2, and abets insertion and deletion frameshift mutagenesis in homo-oligonucleotide runs. DinB1 is the primary mediator of spontaneous −1 frameshift mutations in homo-oligonucleotide runs whereas DnaE2 and DinBs are redundant in DNA damage-induced −1 frameshift mutagenesis. These results highlight DinB1 and DnaE2 as drivers of mycobacterial genome diversification with relevance to antimicrobial resistance and host adaptation.
Flexible-type ultrathin holographic endoscope for microscopic imaging of unstained biological tissues
Authors: Choi Wonjun , Kang Munkyu , Hong Jin Hee , Katz Ori , Lee Byunghak , Kim Guang Hoon , Choi Youngwoon , Choi Wonshik
Published: August 2022

Ultrathin lensless fibre endoscopes offer minimally invasive investigation, but they mostly operate as a rigid type due to the need for prior calibration of a fibre probe. Furthermore, most implementations work in fluorescence mode rather than label-free imaging mode, making them unsuitable for general medical diagnosis. Herein, we report a fully flexible ultrathin fibre endoscope taking 3D holographic images of unstained tissues with 0.85-μm spatial resolution. Using a bare fibre bundle as thin as 200-μm diameter, we design a lensless Fourier holographic imaging configuration to selectively detect weak reflections from biological tissues, a critical step for label-free endoscopic reflectance imaging. A unique algorithm is developed for calibration-free holographic image reconstruction, allowing us to image through a narrow and curved passage regardless of fibre bending. We demonstrate endoscopic reflectance imaging of unstained rat intestine tissues that are completely invisible to conventional endoscopes. The proposed endoscope will expedite a more accurate and earlier diagnosis than before with minimal complications.
Trafficked Malayan pangolins contain viral pathogens of humans
Authors: Shi Wenqiang , Shi Mang , Que Teng-Cheng , Cui Xiao-Ming , Ye Run-Ze , Xia Luo-Yuan , Hou Xin , Zheng Jia-Jing , Jia Na , Xie Xing , Wu Wei-Chen , He Mei-Hong , Wang Hui-Feng , Wei Yong-Jie , Wu Ai-Qiong , Zhang Sheng-Feng , Pan Yu-Sheng , Chen Pan-Yu , Wang Qian , Li Shou-Sheng , Zhong Yan-Li , Li Ying-Jiao , Tan Luo-Hao , Zhao Lin , Jiang Jia-Fu , Hu Yan-Ling , Cao Wu-Chun
Published: August 2022

Pangolins are the most trafficked wild animal in the world according to the World Wildlife Fund. The discovery of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins has piqued interest in the viromes of these wild, scaly-skinned mammals. We sequenced the viromes of 161 pangolins that were smuggled into China and assembled 28 vertebrate-associated viruses, 21 of which have not been previously reported in vertebrates. We named 16 members ofHunnivirus,PestivirusandCopiparvoviruspangolin-associated viruses. We report that thel-protein has been lost from all hunniviruses identified in pangolins. Sequences of four human-associated viruses were detected in pangolin viromes, including respiratory syncytial virus,Orthopneumovirus,RotavirusAandMammalian orthoreovirus. The genomic sequences of five mammal-associated and three tick-associated viruses were also present. Notably, a coronavirus related to HKU4-CoV, which was originally found in bats, was identified. The presence of these viruses in smuggled pangolins identifies these mammals as a potential source of emergent pathogenic viruses.
Muscle and adipose tissue segmentations at the third cervical vertebral level in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Wahid Kareem A. , Olson Brennan , Jain Rishab , Grossberg Aaron J. , El-Habashy Dina , Dede Cem , Salama Vivian , Abobakr Moamen , Mohamed Abdallah S. R. , He Renjie , Jaskari Joel , Sahlsten Jaakko , Kaski Kimmo , Fuller Clifton D. , Naser Mohamed A.
Published: August 2022

The accurate determination of sarcopenia is critical for disease management in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Quantitative determination of sarcopenia is currently dependent on manually-generated segmentations of skeletal muscle derived from computed tomography (CT) cross-sectional imaging. This has prompted the increasing utilization of machine learning models for automated sarcopenia determination. However, extant datasets currently do not provide the necessary manually-generated skeletal muscle segmentations at the C3 vertebral level needed for building these models. In this data descriptor, a set of 394 HNC patients were selected from The Cancer Imaging Archive, and their skeletal muscle and adipose tissue was manually segmented at the C3 vertebral level using sliceOmatic. Subsequently, using publicly disseminated Python scripts, we generated corresponding segmentations files in Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative format. In addition to segmentation data, additional clinical demographic data germane to body composition analysis have been retrospectively collected for these patients. These data are a valuable resource for studying sarcopenia and body composition analysis in patients with HNC.
Chromosome-level assembly of Gymnocypris eckloni genome
Authors: Wang Fayan , Wang Lihan , Liu Dan , Gao Qiang , Nie Miaomiao , Zhu Shihai , Chao Yan , Yang Chaojie , Zhang Cunfang , Yi Rigui , Ni Weilin , Tian Fei , Zhao Kai , Qi Delin
Published: August 2022

Gymnocypris eckloni is widely distributed in isolated lakes and the upper reaches of the Yellow River and play significant roles in the trophic web of freshwater communities. In this study, we generated a chromosome-level genome of G. eckloni using PacBio, Illumina and Hi-C sequencing data. The genome consists of 23 pseudo-chromosomes that contain 918.68 Mb of sequence, with a scaffold N50 length of 43.54 Mb. In total, 23,157 genes were annotated, representing 94.80% of the total predicted protein-coding genes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that G. eckloni was most closely related to C. carpio with an estimated divergence time of ~34.8 million years ago. For G. eckloni, we identified a high-quality genome at the chromosome level. This genome will serve as a valuable genomic resource for future research on the evolution and ecology of the schizothoracine fish in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
Computational models predicting the early development of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden: systematic review, data synthesis, and secondary validation of accuracy
Authors: Gerlee Philip , Jöud Anna , Spreco Armin , Timpka Toomas
Published: August 2022

Computational models for predicting the early course of the COVID-19 pandemic played a central role in policy-making at regional and national levels. We performed a systematic review, data synthesis, and secondary validation of studies that reported on prediction models addressing the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden. A literature search in January 2021 based on the search triangle model identified 1672 peer-reviewed articles, preprints and reports. After applying inclusion criteria 52 studies remained out of which 12 passed a Risk of Bias Opinion Tool. When comparing model predictions with actual outcomes only 4 studies exhibited an acceptable forecast (mean absolute percentage error, MAPE < 20%). Models that predicted disease incidence could not be assessed due to the lack of reliable data during 2020. Drawing conclusions about the accuracy of the models with acceptable methodological quality was challenging because some models were published before the time period for the prediction, while other models were published during the prediction period or even afterwards. We conclude that the forecasting models involving Sweden developed during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 had limited accuracy. The knowledge attained in this study can be used to improve the preparedness for coming pandemics.
Impact of substerilizing dose on histological changes in gonads and ovaries of Ephestia cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by gamma radiation
Authors: Hamza Ali , Zahran Nagwan , Sawires Sameh
Published: August 2022

To investigate the effect of Gamma radiation on the reproductive systems of emerged female and male of Ephestia cautella (Walker) moths, mature pupae of both sexes were irradiated with doses of 50, 100 and 150 Gy. Histological study of the treated individuals showed in females that the ovaries appear sever damage in the follicular epithelium at all doses, which become thinness and separated from developing oocytes, moreover, some of the nurse cells were rupture. In males which treated with 150 Gy, it was noticed retardation in the stages of spermatogenesis and few numbers of sperm bundles and their dispersion in the testicular follicles’ adults, on the other hand, the doses of 50 and 100 Gy showed little or moderate effects on the structure of the testis contents.
A conditional random field based feature learning framework for battery capacity prediction
Authors: Wang Hai-Kun , Zhang Yang , Huang Mohong
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a network model framework based on long and short-term memory (LSTM) and conditional random field (CRF) to promote Li-ion battery capacity prediction results. The model uses LSTM to extract temporal features from the data and CRF to build a transfer matrix to enhance temporal feature learning for long serialization prediction of lithium battery feature sequence data. The NASA PCOE lithium battery dataset is selected for the experiments, and control tests on LSTM temporal feature extraction modules, including recurrent neural network (RNN), gated recurrent unit (GRU), bi-directional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) and bi-directional long and short term memory (BiLSTM) networks, are designed to test the adaptability of the CRF method to different temporal feature extraction modules. Compared with previous Li-ion battery capacity prediction methods, the network model framework proposed in this paper achieves better prediction results in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) metrics.
Sand dust image visibility enhancement algorithm via fusion strategy
Authors: Si Yazhong , Yang Fan , Liu Zhao
Published: August 2022

The outdoor images captured in sand dust weather often suffer from poor contrast and color distortion, which seriously interfere with the performance of intelligent information processing systems. To solve the issues, a novel enhancement algorithm based on fusion strategy is proposed in this paper. It includes two components in sequence: sand removal via the improved Gaussian model-based color correction algorithm and dust elimination using the residual-based convolutional neural network (CNN). Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that compared with the prior sand dust image enhancement methods, the proposed fusion strategy can effectively correct the overall yellowing hue and remove the dust haze disturbance, which provides a constructive idea for the future development of sand dust image enhancement.
Evaluation of liver function tests to identify hepatotoxicity among acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients who are receiving chemotherapy induction
Authors: Mekonnen Ayal Tsegaye , Wondmeneh Temesgen Gebeyehu
Published: August 2022

The effect of induction chemotherapy on liver function in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is not well documented in Ethiopia. This study assessed hepatotoxicity in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who were undergoing induction chemotherapy in Ethiopia. A 1-month cohort study was undertaken in forty patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, with measurements taken at the baseline, second, and fourth weeks. A Log 10 transformation was done because of the skewed distribution of liver function tests. Descriptive statistics such as mean and proportion were calculated. A mixed model ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were computed. A p value < 0.05 was declared to determine statistical significance. Clinically significant hepatotoxicity was observed in 15% of patients. Mild liver injury occurred in 5% of patients. The mean of all liver function tests increased significantly from pre-induction to post-induction. ALT levels were significantly higher in patients who received blood transfusions, but not in those who did not. Regardless of other factors, ALP level in children is significantly higher than in adults, although total bilirubin in adults is higher than in children. A significant proportion of patients had hepatotoxicity. During chemotherapy induction, the mean of all liver function tests rose significantly, but this elevation of serum liver function tests may be transient. Chemotherapy drugs should be given without causing a significant alteration in serum liver function tests. Continuous monitoring of patients should be required.
Design of a machine learning model for the precise manufacturing of green cementitious composites modified with waste granite powder
Authors: Czarnecki Sławomir , Hadzima-Nyarko Marijana , Chajec Adrian , Sadowski Łukasz
Published: August 2022

In this study, a machine learning model for the precise manufacturing of green cementitious composites modified with granite powder sourced from quarry waste was designed. For this purpose, decision tree, random forest and AdaBoost ensemble models were used and compared. A database was created containing 216 sets of data based on an experimental study. The database consists of parameters such as the percentage of cement substituted with granite powder, time of testing and curing conditions. It was shown that this method for designing green cementitious composite mixes, in terms of predicting compressive strength using ensemble models and only three input parameters, can be more accurate and much more precise than the conventional approach. Moreover, to the best of the authors' knowledge, artificial intelligence has been one of the most effective and precise methods used in the design and manufacturing industry in recent decades. The simplicity of this method makes it more suitable for construction practice due to the ease of evaluating the input variables. As the push towards decreasing carbon emissions increases, a method for designing green cementitious composites without producing waste that is more precise than traditional tests performed in a laboratory is essential.
Combined improved A* and greedy algorithm for path planning of multi-objective mobile robot
Authors: Xiang Dan , Lin Hanxi , Ouyang Jian , Huang Dan
Published: August 2022

With the development of artificial intelligence, path planning of Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) has been a research hotspot in recent years. This paper proposes the improved A* algorithm combined with the greedy algorithm for a multi-objective path planning strategy. Firstly, the evaluation function is improved to make the convergence of A* algorithm faster. Secondly, the unnecessary nodes of the A* algorithm are removed, meanwhile only the necessary inflection points are retained for path planning. Thirdly, the improved A* algorithm combined with the greedy algorithm is applied to multi-objective point planning. Finally, path planning is performed for five target nodes in a warehouse environment to compare path lengths, turn angles and other parameters. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is smoother and the path length is reduced by about 5%. The results show that the proposed method can reduce a certain path length.
Energy conversion efficiency comparison of different aqueous and semi-aqueous CO2 electroreduction systems
Authors: Matsuda Shofu , Tanaka Misa , Umeda Minoru
Published: August 2022

The characteristics of CO, HCOOH, C2H4, and CH4 production from CO2 electroreduction were analyzed by introducing the energy conversion efficiency as a new evaluation standard for electrocatalytic reactions.
Plasmonic Ag-decorated Cu2O nanowires for boosting photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction to multi-carbon products
Authors: Zhang Yanfang , Wang Qingmei , Wang Keke , Liu Yang , Zou Luwei , Zhou Yu , Liu Min , Qiu Xiaoqing , Li Wenzhang , Li Jie
Published: August 2022

Plasmonic Ag-decorated Cu2O nanowires for efficient photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction to multi-carbon product acetic acid in an aqueous electrolyte.
Studying noncovalent or covalent bond problem between smoothened and cholesterol by molecular dynamics simulation and Markov state model
Authors: Feng Liya , Pérez-Sánchez Horacio , Bai Qifeng
Published: August 2022

Problem of the noncovalent or covalent bond between smoothened and cholesterol based on the contradictory experimental results.
Tribochemical synergy between phosphate-intercalated layered double hydroxide additives and super high oleic safflower oil on sliding contacts
Authors: Dao Tuong Ly Kiet , Tieu Kiet Anh , Tran Bach Hoang
Published: August 2022

The exfoliation of layered double hydroxide (LDH) is promoted as the basal spacing expands when PO43−is converted to HPO42−. Thin sheets of Mg–Al–oleate transferred direct contact to sliding contact, which significantly reduced friction and wear.
Fucoxanthin ameliorated myocardial fibrosis in STZ-induced diabetic rats and cell hypertrophy in HG-induced H9c2 cells by alleviating oxidative stress and restoring mitophagy
Authors: Zheng Dongxiao , Chen Linlin , Li Guoping , Jin Lin , Wei Qihui , Liu Zilue , Yang Guanyu , Li Yuanyuan , Xie Xi
Published: August 2022

Fucoxanthin ameliorated myocardial fibrosis and cell hypertrophy by inhibiting oxidative stress and restoring mitophagy.
Iron-doped g-C3N4 catalysts fabricated by forming Fe–N moieties with outstanding photo-Fenton activity toward tetracycline degradation
Authors: Xu Fang , Yan Juntao , Chai Bo , Fan Guozhi , Song Guangsen
Published: August 2022

Porous Fe-doped g-C3N4 photo-Fenton catalysts are successfully prepared by a convenient one-step pyrolysis strategy and applied in the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride.
Egg toxic compounds in the animal kingdom. A comprehensive review
Authors: Giglio Matías L. , Boland Wilhelm , Heras Horacio
Published: August 2022

This review gives an integrative approach to egg toxins and analyzes the trends and patterns in the animal kingdom, including their ecology, distribution, sources, occurrence, structure, function, relative toxicity, and mechanistic aspects.
Flexible nano-cloth-like Ag cluster@rGO with ultrahigh SERS sensitivity for capture-optimization-detection due to effective molecule–substrate interactions
Authors: Cui Yanying , Xu Linan , Li Haitao , Wang Xuan , Sun Fuwei , Wang Huan , Guo Xinguang , Zhang Yihe , Gao Hongbo , An Qi
Published: August 2022

Ultrahigh SERS sensitivity has been realized on a composite SERS substrate comprising Ag clusters grown on rGO-nano cloth.
Tributylphosphine-catalyzed aziridine-based cycloaddition polymerization toward thiacyclic polymers
Authors: Zhou Zhi , Wang Ying , Zhu Linlin , Dang Dai , Zhang Zhen
Published: August 2022

Cycloaddition polymerization of bis(N-sulfonyl aziridine)s with diisocyanates in the presence of tributylphosphine allows the facile synthesis of poly(thiazolidin-2-imine)s.
Macroscopic volume phase transitions in supramolecular gels directed by covalent crosslinking
Authors: Panja Santanu , Bianco Simona , Dietrich Bart , Adams Dave J.
Published: August 2022

Here we show that covalent crosslinking in multicomponent gels can be an effective strategy to synthesize new functional materials with spatiotemporal dynamic properties.
Recent advances in the metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral allenes
Authors: Xiao Wei , Wu Jie
Published: August 2022

Recent advances in the metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral allenes are summarized. This review is categorized based on the starting material, including alkynes, racemic allenes, and conjugated dienes.
Peptide therapeutics in the management of metastatic cancers
Authors: Bose Debopriya , Roy Laboni , Chatterjee Subhrangsu
Published: August 2022

The arsenal of anti-cancer medicinal peptides: modes of action.
High-Qrefractive index sensors based on all-dielectric metasurfaces
Authors: Wu Pinghui , Qu Shuangcao , Zeng Xintao , Su Ning , Chen Musheng , Yu Yanzhong
Published: August 2022

A high-sensitivity refractive index sensor excited by the 2D periodic TiO2dielectric grating structure. The nanosensor can excite guided-mode resonance with a 0.19 nm ultra-narrow linewidth. Low loss all-dielectric metasurface allows ultra-sensitive biosensor detection.
One-step and room-temperature fabrication of carbon nanocomposites including Ni nanoparticles for supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Akiyama Tatsuya , Nakanishi Shuhei , Yaakob Yazid , Todankar Bhagyashri , Gupta Vikaskumar Pradeepkumar , Asaka Toru , Ishii Yosuke , Kawasaki Shinji , Tanemura Masaki
Published: August 2022

The charge collective electrode with faradaic redox reactor consisting of carbon nanocomposite including Ni nanoparticles is promising for the supercapacitor electrode.
GC-MS combined with multivariate analysis for the determination of the geographical origin of Elsholtzia rugulosa Hemsl. in Yunnan province
Authors: Zheng Chaopei , Yang Sifeng , Huang Dequan , Mao Deshou , Chen Jianhua , Zhang Chengming , Kong Weisong , Liu Xin , Xu Yong , Wu Yiqin , Li Zhengfeng , wang Jin , Ye Yanqing
Published: August 2022

Elsholtzia rugulosa Hemsl., a Chinese herbal medicine, may have the potential to treat COVID-19, and its geographical origin has been successfully identified by GC-MS combined with multivariate analysis.
Non-edible plant seeds of Acacia farnesiana as a new and effective source for biofuel production
Authors: Khan Inam Ullah , Haleem Abdul , Khan Assad Ullah
Published: August 2022

Currently, the energy crisis is a hot topic for researchers because we are facing serious problems due to overpopulation and natural energy sources are vanishing day-by-day.
Scaling of catalytic cracking fluidized bed downer reactor based on CFD simulations—Part II: effect of reactor scale
Authors: Khongprom Parinya , Ratchasombat Supawadee , Wanchan Waritnan , Bumphenkiattikul Panut , Limtrakul Sunun
Published: August 2022

The modified scaling law based on the similitude method for a catalytic cracking downer reactor was proposed for various reactor scales. An excellent similarity of chemical performance of complex catalytic cracking was obtained.
Autonomous model-based experimental design for rapid reaction development
Authors: Knoll Sebastian , Jusner Clemens E. , Sagmeister Peter , Williams Jason D. , Hone Christopher A. , Horn Martin , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: August 2022

To automate and democratize model-based experimental design for flow chemistry applications, we report the development of open-source software, Optipus. Reaction models are built in an iterative and automated fashion, for rapid reaction development.
Hydrogen-bond-induced quantum interference in single-molecule junctions of regioisomers
Authors: Ge Lingbing , Hou Songjun , Chen Yaorong , Wu Qingqing , Long Lanxin , Yang Xingzhou , Ji Yu , Lin Luchun , Xue Guodong , Liu Junyang , Liu Xiaodong , Lambert Colin J. , Hong Wenjing , Zheng Yonghao
Published: August 2022

We demonstrate that the effect of solvent–molecule interaction through hydrogen bonding on junction conductance depends on whether transport through the junction is controlled by destructive or constructive quantum interference.
Fe-decorated-NiCo layered double hydroxide nanoflakes via corrosion engineering for high-energy rechargeable Zn-based batteries
Authors: Zeng Jianning , Xie Jinhao , Liu Jie , Wang Zilong , Cao Xianshuo , Lu Xihong
Published: August 2022

A reliable and cost-effective corrosion engineering approach is proposed to prepare highly active Fe-decorated-NiCo layered double hydroxide nanoflakes for alkaline Zn-based batteries.
Sound Localization of Listeners With Normal Hearing, Impaired Hearing, Hearing Aids, Bone-Anchored Hearing Instruments, and Cochlear Implants: A Review
Authors: Zheng Yunfang , Swanson Jacob , Koehnke Janet , Guan Jianwei
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

This review article reviews the contemporary studies of localization ability for different populations in different listening environments and provides possible future research directions.

Conclusions:

The ability to accurately localize a sound source relying on three cues (interaural time difference, interaural level difference, and spectral cues) is important for communication, learning, and safety. Confounding effects including noise and reverberation, which exist in common listening environments, mask or alter localization cues and negatively affect localization performance. Hearing loss, a common public health issue, also affects localization accuracy. Although hearing devices have been developed to provide excellent audibility of speech signals, less attention has been paid to preserving and replicating crucial localization cues. Unique challenges are faced by users of various hearing devices, including hearing aids, bone-anchored hearing instruments, and cochlear implants. Hearing aids have failed to consistently improve localization performance and, in some cases, significantly impair sound localization. Bone-conduction hearing instruments show little to no benefit for sound localization performance in most cases, although some improvement is seen in binaural users. Although cochlear implants provide great hearing benefit to individuals with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss, cochlear implant users have significant difficulty localizing sound, even with two implants. However, technologies in each of these areas are advancing to reduce interference with desired sound signals and preserve localization cues to help users achieve better hearing and sound localization in real-life environments.
Validation of an Automated Procedure for Calculating Core Lexicon From Transcripts
Authors: Dalton Sarah Grace , Stark Brielle C. , Fromm Davida , Apple Kristen , MacWhinney Brian , Rensch Amanda , Rowedder Madyson
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to advance the use of structured, monologic discourse analysis by validating an automated scoring procedure for core lexicon (CoreLex) using transcripts.

Method:

Forty-nine transcripts from persons with aphasia and 48 transcripts from persons with no brain injury were retrieved from the AphasiaBank database. Five structured monologic discourse tasks were scored manually by trained scorers and via automation using a newly developed CLAN command based upon previously published lists for CoreLex. Point-to-point (or word-by-word) accuracy and reliability of the two methods were calculated. Scoring discrepancies were examined to identify errors. Time estimates for each method were calculated to determine if automated scoring improved efficiency.

Results:

Intraclass correlation coefficients for the tasks ranged from .998 to .978, indicating excellent intermethod reliability. Automated scoring using CLAN represented a significant time savings for an experienced CLAN user and for inexperienced CLAN users following step-by-step instructions.

Conclusions:

Automated scoring of CoreLex is a valid and reliable alternative to the current gold standard of manually scoring CoreLex from transcribed monologic discourse samples. The downstream time saving of this automated analysis may allow for more efficient and broader utilization of this discourse measure in aphasia research. To further encourage the use of this method, go to
https://aphasia.talkbank.org/discourse/CoreLexicon/
for materials and the step-by-step instructions utilized in this project.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20399304