bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Green Credit in Bank Profitability and Stability: A Case Study on Green Banking in Indonesia
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Widarjono Agus , Hakim Abdul
Published: December 2024

Green credits are one of the alternative bank loans to the traditional sector. In addition, this green credit supports sustainability and environmental issues. This paper analyzes the influence of green credits on bank profits and stability in Indonesia. This study analyzed banks in Indonesia that provided green credits. Of 140 banks, only 35 banks disbursed green credits starting in 2019. Our study examined all banks providing green credit from 2019 to 2022 using annual data. The results of the study showed that green credits have a positive effect on profits, but green credits have no effect on bank stability. Small banks benefit from green credits in encouraging profitability. In addition, the profitability and stability of banks in Indonesia are greatly influenced by strong bank fundamentals such as capital and efficiency. This study has important implications in both theoretical and practical aspects. Because green credit supports profitability, the bank must diversify the loans in both the traditional sector as well as new sectors that are related to environmental issues and development sustainability following the theory of loan diversification. For practical implication, the Indonesian Financial Service Authority as a policymaker requires each bank to provide financing related to green credits.
Connectivity Recovery Based on Boundary Nodes and Spatial Triangle Fermat Points for Three-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Chen Hongsheng , Shi Ke
Published: December 2024

In recent years, wireless sensor networks have been widely used, especially in three-dimensional environments such as underwater and mountain environments. However, in harsh environments, wireless sensor networks may be damaged and split into many isolated islands. Therefore, restoring network connectivity to transmit data effectively in a timely manner is particularly important. However, the problem of finding the minimum relay nodes is NP-hard, so heuristics methods are preferred. This paper presents a novel connectivity recovery strategy based on boundary nodes and spatial triangle Fermat points for three-dimensional wireless sensor networks. The isolated islands are represented as the boundary nodes, and the connectivity recovery problem is modeled as a graph connectivity problem. Three heuristics algorithms—the variant Kruskal algorithm, the variant Prim algorithm, and the spatial triangle Fermat point algorithm—are proposed to solve this problem. The variant Kruskal algorithm and the variant Prim algorithm connect the isolated islands by constructing the minimum spanning tree to link all the boundary nodes and placing relay nodes along the edges of this tree. We derive an accurate formula to determine the coordinates of spatial triangle Fermat points. Based on this formula, the spatial triangle Fermat point algorithm constructs a Steiner tree to restore network connectivity. Extensive simulation experiments demonstrate that our proposed algorithms perform better than the existing algorithm.
Vertical Jump Height Estimation Using Low-Sampling IMU in Countermovement Jumps: A Feasible Alternative to Motion Capture and Force Platforms
Authors: Villa Giacomo , Bonfiglio Alessandro , Galli Manuela , Cimolin Veronica
Published: December 2024

Vertical jump height from a countermovement jump is a widespread metric to assess the lower limb functionality. Motion capture systems and force platforms are considered gold standards to estimate vertical jump height; however, their use in ecological settings is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of low-sampling-rate inertial measurement units as an alternative to the gold standard systems. The validity of three computational methods for IMU-based data—numerical double integration, takeoff velocity, and flight time—was assessed using data from 18 healthy participants who performed five double-leg and ten single-leg countermovement jumps. The data were simultaneously collected from a motion capture system, two force platforms, and an IMU positioned at the L5 level. The comparisons revealed that the numerical double integration method exhibited the highest correlation (0.87) and the lowest bias (2.5 cm) compared to the gold standards and excellent reliability (0.88). Although the takeoff velocity and flight time methods demonstrated comparable performances for double-leg jumps, their accuracy in single-leg jumps was reduced. Overall, the low-sampling-rate IMU with the numerical double integration method seems to be a reliable and feasible alternative for field-based countermovement jump assessment, warranting future investigation across diverse populations and jump modalities.
A Signal-On Microelectrode Electrochemical Aptamer Sensor Based on AuNPs–MXene for Alpha-Fetoprotein Determination
Authors: Su Xiaoyu , Chen Junbiao , Wu Shanshan , Qiu Yong , Pan Yuxiang
Published: December 2024

As a crucial biomarker for the early warning and prognosis of liver cancer diseases, elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and germ cell tumors. Herein, we present a novel signal-on electrochemical aptamer sensor, utilizing AuNPs–MXene composite materials, for sensitive AFP quantitation. The AuNPs–MXene composite was synthesized through a simple one-step method and modified on portable microelectrodes. As signal molecules, AFP aptamers were conjugated with methylene blue (MB) and immobilized on the electrode surface. When interacting with AFP, conformational changes in the aptamer–target complex caused MB to approach the electrode, and the electrochemical signal was enhanced through signal-on mechanisms. The developed sensor demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity for AFP, with a log-linear relationship defined as 1–300 ng/mL, and the LOD was 0.05 ng/mL (S/N = 3). The method was applied to laboratorial and real clinical samples and presented satisfactory selectivity, reproducibility, and long-term stability. The proposed high-performance sensor highlights the potential of electrochemical aptamer sensors in improving the warning capabilities in disease management.
Multipopulation Whale Optimization-Based Feature Selection Algorithm and Its Application in Human Fall Detection Using Inertial Measurement Unit Sensors
Authors: Cao Haolin , Yan Bingshuo , Dong Lin , Yuan Xianfeng
Published: December 2024

Feature selection (FS) is a key process in many pattern-recognition tasks, which reduces dimensionality by eliminating redundant or irrelevant features. However, for complex high-dimensional issues, traditional FS methods cannot find the ideal feature combination. To overcome this disadvantage, this paper presents a multispiral whale optimization algorithm (MSWOA) for feature selection. First, an Adaptive Multipopulation merging Strategy (AMS) is presented, which uses exponential variation and individual location information to divide the population, thus avoiding the premature aggregation of subpopulations and increasing candidate feature subsets. Second, a Double Spiral updating Strategy (DSS) is devised to break out of search stagnations by discovering new individual positions continuously. Last, to facilitate the convergence speed, a Baleen neighborhood Exploitation Strategy (BES) which mimics the behavior of whale tentacles is proposed. The presented algorithm is thoroughly compared with six state-of-the-art meta-heuristic methods and six promising WOA-based algorithms on 20 UCI datasets. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is superior to other well-known competitors in most cases. In addition, the proposed method is utilized to perform feature selection in human fall-detection tasks, and extensive real experimental results further illustrate the superior ability of the proposed method in addressing practical problems.
Amperometric Biosensor Based on Glutamate Oxidase to Determine Ast Activity
Authors: Mruga Daryna , Berketa Kseniia , Sverstiuk Andrii , Martsenyuk Vasyl , Klos-Witkowska Aleksandra , Palianytsia Yurii , Dzyadevych Sergei , Soldatkin Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

This work presents the development of an amperometric biosensor for detecting aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in biological fluids using a platinum disk electrode as the working transducer. Optimal concentrations of substrates (aspartate, α-ketoglutarate) and the coenzyme (pyridoxal phosphate) were determined to ensure efficient biosensor operation. A semi-permeable poly-m-phenylenediamine membrane was applied to enhance selectivity against electroactive interferents. The biosensor demonstrated good stability (storage, continuous operation, and production reproducibility) and analytical performance (sensitivity 8.56 nA/min for 50 U/L AST, LOD 1 U/L, linear range 1–110 U/L). Testing with real samples showed a high correlation (R = 0.989) with spectrophotometric analysis, supporting its potential for further applications.
Post-Processing Kalman Filter Application for Improving Cooperative Awareness Messages’ Position Data Accuracy
Authors: Bauder Maximilian , Langer Robin , Kubjatko Tibor , Schweiger Hans-Georg
Published: December 2024

Cooperative intelligent transportation systems continuously send self-referenced data about their current status in the Cooperative Awareness Message (CAM). Each CAM contains the current position of the vehicle based on GPS accuracy, which can have inaccuracies in the meter range. However, a high accuracy of the position data is crucial for many applications, such as electronic toll collection or the reconstruction of traffic accidents. Kalman filters are already frequently used today to increase the accuracy of position data. The problem with applying the Kalman filter to the position data within the Cooperative Awareness Message is the low temporal resolution (max. 10 Hz) and the non-equidistant time steps between the messages. In addition, the filter can only be applied to the data retrospectively. To solve these problems, an Extended Kalman Filter and an Unscented Kalman Filter were designed and investigated in this work. The Kalman filters were implemented with two kinematic models. Subsequently, driving tests were conducted with two V2X vehicles to investigate and compare the influence on the accuracy of the position data. To address the problem of non-equidistant time steps, an iterative adjustment of the Process Noise Covariance Matrix Q and the introduction of additional interpolation points to equidistance the received messages were investigated. The results show that without one of these approaches, it is impossible to design a generally valid filter to improve the position accuracy of the CAM position data retrospectively. The introduction of interpolation points did not lead to a significant improvement in the results. With the Q matrix adaptation, an Unscented Kalman Filter could be created that improves the longitudinal position accuracy of the two vehicles under investigation by up to 80% (0.54 m) and the lateral position accuracy by up to 72% (0.18 m). The work thus contributes to improving the positioning accuracy of CAM data for applications that receive only these data retrospectively.
Research on a Lightweight Arrhythmia Classification Model Based on Knowledge Distillation for Wearable Single-Lead ECG Monitoring Systems
Authors: An Xiang , Shi Shiwen , Wang Qian , Yu Yansuo , Liu Qiang
Published: December 2024

Arrhythmias are among the diseases with high mortality rates worldwide, causing millions of deaths each year. This underscores the importance of real-time electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring for timely heart disease diagnosis and intervention. Deep learning models, trained on ECG signals across twelve or more leads, are the predominant approach for automated arrhythmia detection in the AI-assisted medical field. While these multi-lead ECG-based models perform well in automatic arrhythmia detection, their complexity often restricts their use on resource-constrained devices. In this paper, we propose an efficient, lightweight arrhythmia classification model using a knowledge distillation technique to train a student model from a teacher model, tailored for embedded intelligence in wearable devices. The results show that the student model achieves 96.32% accuracy, which is comparable to the teacher model, with a remarkable compression ratio that is 1242.58 times smaller, outperforming other lightweight models. Enabled by the proposed model, we developed a wearable ECG monitoring system based on the STM32F429 Discovery kit and ADS1292R chip, achieving real-time arrhythmia detection on small wearable devices.
Workload Factors Influencing Mental Health and the Intent to Leave Job During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Analysis of Healthcare Workers Handling Mass Fatalities in the United States
Authors: Suresh Vaishakhi , Nimbarte Ashish D. , Choudhury Avishek
Published: December 2024

This study examines the impact of workload demands on mental distress and job retention among healthcare workers (HCWs) handling mass fatalities during the COVID-19 pandemic. We utilized a cross-sectional validated survey to collect self-reported data from 206 HCWs in the United States between April and May of 2023. The survey measured various dimensions of workload, including mental, physical, and temporal demands, as well as frustration, and their effects on mental distress and the intent to leave their job. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was employed to analyze the relationships among these variables, providing robust insights into the direct and indirect effects of workload demands on mental distress and job retention. Our findings reveal significant associations between mental, physical, and temporal demands, frustration, and increased mental distress, which in turn heightened the intent to leave their job. Mental distress emerged as a critical mediator, linking workload demands to job retention decisions. This study highlights the cycle of understaffing and workload intensification, exacerbated during pandemics, which contributes to higher turnover rates. It underscores the need for targeted interventions to alleviate workload pressures, especially the physical exertion and mental distress associated with handling dead bodies. This support can help improve HCWs’ mental health and job retention, ultimately enhancing the resilience of healthcare systems in crisis situations.
A Novel IoT-Based Controlled Islanding Strategy for Enhanced Power System Stability and Resilience
Authors: Okasha Aliaa A. , Mansour Diaa-Eldin A. , Zaky Ahmed B. , Suehiro Junya , Megahed Tamer F.
Published: December 2024

Intentional controlled islanding (ICI) is a crucial strategy to avert power system collapse and blackouts caused by severe disturbances. This paper introduces an innovative IoT-based ICI strategy that identifies the optimal location for system segmentation during emergencies. Initially, the algorithm transmits essential data from phasor measurement units (PMUs) to the IoT cloud. Subsequently, it calculates the coherency index among all pairs of generators. Leveraging IoT technology increases system accessibility, enabling the real-time detection of changes in network topology post-disturbance and allowing the coherency index to adapt accordingly. A novel algorithm is then employed to group coherent generators based on relative coherency index values, eliminating the need to transfer data points elsewhere. The “where to island” subproblem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model that aims to boost system transient stability by minimizing power flow interruptions in disconnected lines. The model incorporates constraints on generators’ coherency, island connectivity, and node exclusivity. The subsequent layer determines the optimal generation/load actions for each island to prevent system collapse post-separation. Signals from the IoT cloud are relayed to the circuit breakers at the terminals of the optimal cut-set to establish stable isolated islands. Additionally, controllable loads and generation controllers receive signals from the cloud to execute load and/or generation adjustments. The proposed system’s performance is assessed on the IEEE 39-bus system through time-domain simulations on DIgSILENT PowerFactory connected to the ThingSpeak cloud platform. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed ICI strategy in boosting power system stability.
Sentiment Analysis of Berlin Tourists’ Food Quality Perception Through Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Shafiezad Omid , Mostofi Hamid
Published: December 2024

This study examines how tourists perceive food quality in Berlin using AI-driven sentiment analysis tools. The goal is to understand the factors shaping tourists’ perceptions and provide insights to improve the hospitality industry and customer satisfaction. By analyzing reviews from online platforms, this research identifies key themes and trends in tourists’ feedback. The use of AI, specifically for sentiment analysis, supports efficient and detailed evaluation of customer opinions. This study employed lexicon-based sentiment analysis to evaluate tourists’ feedback on online platforms and compared the sentiment scores of textual feedback with their direct rating scores. The results show that integrating sentiment scores derived from AI tools with tourists’ rating scores provides deeper insights into service quality within the tourism sector.
A Mechanism of Reducing Methane Production During Sewage Sludge Composting by Adding Urea
Authors: Zhang Ke , Guo Haopeng , Liang Yujing , Liu Fuyong , Zheng Guodi , Zhang Jun , Gao Aihua , Liu Nan , Ma Chuang
Published: December 2024

The study of the effect of the mechanism of urea addition to sewage sludge and sawdust-composting substrates on methane production is still limited. In the present study, the systematic investigation of the effect of urea addition (0.18, 0.9 and 1.8 kg) on methane production is discussed through the dynamics of physical properties, enzymes, and the microbial community during composting. The results showed that high urea addition (1.8 kg) suppressed methane production, with a lower rate and a shorter duration of warming in the thermophilic phase, but significantly enhanced cellulase activity, urease, and peroxidase, and promoted the degradation of organic carbon, as well as the loss of nitrogen. A high addition of urea stimulated the growth and reproduction of Sinibacillus, Pseudogracilibacillus, Sporosarcina, and Oceanobacillus. The random forest model indicated that the top six independent determinants of CH4 emissions were Methanobacterium, temperature, organic matter (OM), Methanospirillum, and NH4+-N. Furthermore, structural equation modeling displayed that NH4+-N, O2, and pH were the main physicochemical properties affecting CH4 emissions. Methanobacterium, Methanosarcina, and Methanosphaera were the main archaea, and Bacillaceae were the main bacteria affecting CH4 emissions. This study provides new insights and a theoretical basis for optimizing urea addition strategies during composting.
Micronutrient Biomarkers and Their Association with Malaria Infection in Children in Buea Health District, Cameroon
Authors: Dinga Jerome Nyhalah , Anu Emmanuel Fondungallah , Feumba Romelle Dibanda , Qin Haowen , Ayah Flora , Ayiseh Rene Bilingwe , Shey Robert Adamu , Gamua Stanley Dobgima , Tufon Anthony Kukwah , Manyam Rameshbabu , Titanji Vincent P. K.
Published: December 2024

Recently malaria and micronutrient deficiencies have become a major worldwide public health problem, particularly in Africa and other endemic countries with children under 5 years old being the most vulnerable. Apart from nutritional problems that cause micronutrient deficiencies, studies have also reported that parasitic infections like malaria can affect the levels of micronutrients. Thus, this research was aimed at assessing the serum levels of micronutrient biomarkers and their association with malaria infection in children under 5 years old in the Buea Health District. Method: This cross-sectional study recruited 80 participants from February to April 2024. The micronutrient biomarkers levels were measured using a Q-7plex Human Micronutrient Measurement Kit. Results: There were changes in serum micronutrient biomarkers levels between malaria infected and healthy children. Ferritin was higher in sick children (23.53 μg/L ± 7.75) than in healthy children (19.07 μg/L ± 3.87), significantly (p < 0.002). The same trend was observed with the soluble transferrin receptor being higher (p < 0.049) in sick children (3.74 mg/L ± 1.92) compared to healthy ones (3.08 mg/L ± 0.64). In addition, the levels of retinol-binding protein 4 and thyroglobulin levels were not significantly different between the sick and healthy children. Therefore, this study revealed that malaria causes alterations in the serum levels of micronutrient biomarkers and consequently affects micronutrient levels in children below the age of 5 in the Buea Health District.
HPV Vaccines Among University Students: Understanding Barriers and Facilitators of Vaccine Uptake
Authors: Malik Sana , Mock K. Olivia , Martillotti Rose , Caravella Giuseppina , Zhou Xicheng , Mbamelu Matthew , Scarbrough Kathleen H.
Published: December 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection and plays a significant role in cervical, penile, anal, vaginal, vulvar, and oropharyngeal cancers as well as non-cancerous genital warts and genital dysplasia. In the United States, there are approximately 46,000 new HPV-related cancers a year. There is an effective vaccine to prevent over 90% of these cancers and other HPV-related diseases; however, those that are aged 18–26 have the lowest vaccine rates among eligible age groups. The objective of this study was to examine student knowledge and perceptions about HPV vaccine hesitancy in university students and their notions of barriers and facilitators for HPV vaccine uptake. We aimed to identify components for an evidence-based community-oriented educational intervention to increase HPV vaccination uptake. The researchers recorded 10 focus groups featuring students from a Northeastern United States university, aged 18–26, which were analyzed using grounded theory and inductive thematic analysis to identify recurring themes. The participants mentioned many barriers and facilitators for attaining the HPV vaccine, with health literacy being prominent for both. They demonstrated some knowledge of what HPV is and ways to avoid it. They also expressed a desire for further information and felt that the way in which this information is presented to the public is vital for increasing vaccine uptake and designing future interventions. In order to increase HPV vaccination rates in the general population and overcome barriers such as family, religious, and cultural values, it is important to emphasize the link between HPV and cancer and its preventative benefits.
Senolytic Vaccines from the Central and Peripheral Tolerance Perspective
Authors: Vasilieva Mariia I. , Shatalova Rimma O. , Matveeva Kseniia S. , Shindyapin Vadim V. , Minskaia Ekaterina , Ivanov Roman A. , Shevyrev Daniil V.
Published: December 2024

Preventive medicine has proven its long-term effectiveness and economic feasibility. Over the last century, vaccination has saved more lives than any other medical technology. At present, preventative measures against most infectious diseases are successfully used worldwide; in addition, vaccination platforms against oncological and even autoimmune diseases are being actively developed. At the same time, the development of medicine led to an increase in both life expectancy and the proportion of age-associated diseases, which pose a heavy socio-economic burden. In this context, the development of vaccine-based approaches for the prevention or treatment of age-related diseases opens up broad prospects for extending the period of active longevity and has high economic potential. It is well known that the development of age-related diseases is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells in various organs and tissues. It has been demonstrated that the elimination of such cells leads to the restoration of functions, rejuvenation, and extension of the lives of experimental animals. However, the development of vaccines against senescent cells is complicated by their antigenic heterogeneity and the lack of a unique marker. In addition, senescent cells are the body’s own cells, which may be the reason for their low immunogenicity. This mini-review discusses the mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance that may influence the formation of an anti-senescent immune response and be responsible for the accumulation of senescent cells with age.
Electric Vehicle Battery Technologies: Chemistry, Architectures, Safety, and Management Systems
Authors: Grebtsov Dmitrii K. , Kubasov Mikhail K. , Bernatskii Egor R. , Beliauski Pavel A. , Kokorenko Andrey A. , Isokjanov Shakhboz Sh. , Kazikov Sergey P. , Kashin Alexey M. , Itkis Daniil M. , Morozova Sofia M.
Published: December 2024

Electric and hybrid vehicles have become widespread in large cities due to the desire for environmentally friendly technologies, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and fuel, and economic advantages over gasoline and diesel vehicles. In electric vehicles, overheating, vibration, or mechanical damage due to collision with an object or another vehicle can lead to the failure of lithium-ion batteries up to thermal runaway and fire. Therefore, the development of battery safety control systems is one of the most important factors contributing to the large-scale electrification of public and private transport. This review examines the design features of the location and management of the battery pack to achieve maximum safety and operational efficiency when using an electric vehicle. The power characteristics and life-cycles of various types of lithium-ion batteries depending on the chemical nature of their electrodes are considered, using the example of commercial vehicles’—Tesla, Nissan Leaf, Porsche Taycan, Zeekr, and Chevrolet Volt—strategic technologies for the placement and packaging of batteries, and battery cooling and monitoring systems (State of Health and State of Charge) are also discussed. In conclusion, the current challenges in the field are summarized and promising research directions are proposed.
An Overview of the Evolution in the Research Landscape of Green Finance
Authors: Yun Xin , Hu Yang
Published: December 2024

Driven by growing demands for environmental protection and sustainable development, green finance has gained increasing attention, evolving from a peripheral topic to a core research area. Research in green finance primarily focuses on financial products, services, and policies, analyzing their impacts on society, markets, and listed companies. Through a systematic literature screening and analysis process, this study reviewed the existing body of literature on green finance, with a particular emphasis on key areas such as green financing, green financial technology, green financial products and derivatives, green building, financial reform and innovation in green finance, and carbon trading markets. Using keywords such as “green finance”, “green insurance”, “green securities”, and “green investment”, we identified 15,487 relevant publications from 2014 to 2023 across multiple databases. We then applied Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) to cluster these documents, identifying core subfields and conducting a detailed bibliometric analysis. Our results reveal a geographic shift in green finance research prominence from the U.S. to China, with a thematic shift from green building and energy efficiency to green bonds and climate finance. Through our analysis, we provide policy recommendations informed by these findings. This study’s unique contribution lies in its systematic extension of bibliometric analysis into emerging subfields of green finance, such as green financial technology and carbon trading markets, both of which are becoming increasingly critical. Additionally, this study offers valuable insights into the evolving landscape of green finance research, bridging the gap between academic research and industry practice and providing actionable policy recommendations for stakeholders across different sectors.
Addressing Water Scarcity in Isla Huichas, Chile: A Tecno-Economic Sustainable Solution
Authors: Borquez Benjamín , Ahumada José , Mendoza Michael , Guillén Renny , Contreras Victor
Published: December 2024

Islas Huichas, located in Chile’s remote Aysén region, has long faced water scarcity due to a lack of natural sources. The community relies on rainwater collection pools managed by the Rural Drinking Water Committee (RDWC), which face increased pressure during the summer tourist season, leading to frequent shortages. In 2014, a Reverse Osmosis (RO) plant with a 240 m3 daily capacity was installed to address the issue. While the RO plant helps alleviate summer shortages, it has high energy costs and maintenance challenges, exceeding the financial capacity of the RDWC. This study evaluates various scenarios to reduce the plant’s operational costs and emissions reduction.
‘[Do] I Have to Get It in Writing or Something?’ What Happens When Sexuality Education Is Conceptualised Through Consent?
Authors: Woodley Giselle , Cayley Gracie , Senior Imogen , See Harrison W. , Green Lelia
Published: December 2024

Consent education was recently introduced into the Australian curriculum, and has contributed to much of the public discourse for the past few years. However, teens’ accounts of their Relationships and Sexuality Education (RSE) classes indicate that consent is being taught to varying degrees of consistency. Qualitative data collected from 49 semi-structured interviews with 30 Australian teens (aged 11–17), with 19 interviews reprised one year later, involved teens discussing their experiences of RSE, including consent. These data were extended by 4 x teen focus groups with 18 participants. Using thematic analysis, teens’ perspectives and experiences revealed how consent appears to dominate RSE. Teens expressed dissatisfaction with how RSE was delivered and how sex is often framed in a context of safety and risk, where current framings of consent appear to contribute to fear-based messaging. Often, consent was taught as how to seek or give permission for sex or to avoid sexual assault in ways that may not reflect teens’ actual experiences. While the implementation of consent signifies welcome progress in relation to RSE, teens reveal there is still room for improvement. More positive representations of sex and sexuality are needed to balance an emphasis on safety and risk. Support is also required to help educators navigate curriculum changes, while further attention is needed to support teens’ skill development in more holistic and comprehensive aspects of sexuality and relationships.
Impact of raw materials on the nutritional value of confections
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of the Confectionery Industry — branch of the V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of the RAS, Osipov M.V.
Published: December 2024

The techniques for determining the nutritional value of confectionery products, namely, determining
the mass fraction of protein, fat, water-soluble vitamins B1 and B2, omega-3 fatty acids, and cholesterol in fat-containing confectionery products, have been developed. Data on the content of protein,
fat, saturated fatty acids and trans isomers of unsaturated fatty acids, B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids,and cholesterol in fat-containing confectionery products have been obtained. A methodology to
monitor the content of vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, and cholesterol in fat-containing confectionery
products has been developed.
Improving the efficiency of logging production through the use of collapsible road surfaces in transport operations
Authors:   Voronezh State Forestry Engineering University named after G. F. Morozov, Zorin M. V. , Novgorodov D. V. ,   Arctic State Agrotechnological University, Yudilevich A. M. ,   Bratsk State University, Manukovsky A. Yu. ,   Voronezh State Forestry Engineering University named after G. F. Morozov, Kunitskaya O. A. ,   Arctic State Agrotechnological University, Dolzhikov I. S. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: December 2024

A mathematical model of the interaction of a wheel mover with a two-layer support
surface made of elastic road mat and underlying forest soil is presented based on solving
the differential equation of deflection of a deformable plate placed on a deformable base,
and the results of its verification, as well as production recommendations for the use of
collapsible road surfaces made of plastic mats in logging operations.
Justification of the parameters of tractors with a wheeled crawler for low-volume logging
Authors:   Arctic State Agrotechnological University, Dmitriev F. S. , Dolzhikov I. S. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Kunitskay O. A. ,   Arctic State Agrotechnological University, Guryev A. Yu. ,   Arctic State Agrotechnological University
Published: December 2024

A mathematical model of the interaction of a semi-tracked mover with a forest soil
is presented, taking into account the consistent impact of a wheeled and tracked mover,
as well as recommendations for justifying the parameters and effective use of wheeled
tractors on a semi-tracked course used in logging and forestry operations in small
enterprises.
Evaluation of a multicomponent educational intervention to decrease general practice registrars’ prescribing of benzodiazepines and related drugs: the BENEFIT prospective controlled study
Authors: Tait Jordan , Holliday Simon , Holliday Elizabeth , Patsan Irena , Tapley Amanda , Ralston Anna , Ball Jean , Van Driel Mieke , Davey Andrew , Fielding Alison , Nicholas Michael , Magin Parker
Published: December 2024

Background: Benzodiazepines and medicines (including Z-drugs) are associated with frequent and serious related adverse effects. Despite this, they are frequently prescribed by general practitioners (GPs). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-component educational intervention designed to decrease the prescribing and initiation of these drugs by GPs in training ('registrars').
Methods/design: A pragmatic non-randomised, non-equivalent control-group design nested within the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training (ReCEnT) cohort study was used to assess an educational intervention delivered to registrars in Australia. The intervention was underpinned by the Behaviour Change Wheel framework and included face-to-face workshops with pre- and post-session readings, a webinar for supervisors, and facilitation of registrar-supervisor dyad interactions. Analyses employed univariable and multivariable logistic regression. The p-value of an interaction term in the multivariable regression was used to determine the statistical significance of intervention-related change.
Results: Analyses included data of 1,088 intervention registrars and 1,003 control registrars. While some decrease in prescribing was seen, compared to the change from pre-post in controls, there were no statistically significant decreases in the ‘Intention to Treat’ (interaction aOR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.70, 1.20, p = 0.52) or ‘On Treatment’ (interaction aOR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.65, 1.16, p = 0.33) populations, and no statistically significant decrease in new prescriptions in the ‘Intention to Treat’ population (interaction aOR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.58, 1.35, p = 0.57).
Implications: Our study may have implications for further research aiming to identify effective strategies to promote appropriate benzodiazepine prescribing among GP registrars. Continued education for registrars around rational benzodiazepine prescribing is essential. This study is an initial step in evaluating the behaviour change intervention and further investigation and extended observation is warranted. This study highlights the educational challenges in improving rational benzodiazepine prescribing.
Limitations: Randomization in the study design was not practicable.
Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12618000824268
Yılan Zehirlenmesi ve Antivenom Tedavisinin Önemi (İki Olgu Sunumu)
Authors: Güngör Büşra , Tezcan Keleş Gönül
Published: December 2024

Yılan ısırıkları olgularda kuru bir ısırıktan ölüme kadar çok geniş yelpazede klinik tablo oluşturabilir. Yılan venomları kompleks enzim ve toksik proteinler içerirler. Bu yazımızda yılan zehirlenmesi sonrası iki olguya uygulanan antivenom tedavisini ele alarak önemini ve detaylarını vurgulamayı amaçladık. Antivenom, donör hayvanlardaki saflaştırılan bağışıklık globulinleri veya bunların fragmanlarını içerir. Bu immünoglobulinler, toksisiteyi nötralize etmek için yılan zehrindeki serbest toksinlere bağlanır. Yılan Antivenomu; şok, nörotoksik bulgular, spontan kanama ve hızla ilerleyen ödem gibi bulgu ve semptomlar görüldüğünde verilmelidir Sunumdaki olgular (70 ve 74 yaş erkek hasta) yılan tarafından elinden ısırılmıştı. Her iki olguya da antivenom tedavisi uygulandı.
The Relationship among Pain Perception, Severity of Temporomandibular Disorders, and Spinal Health in Older Adults: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Arıkan Halime , Sertel Meral , Gökdere Zuhal Şevval
Published: December 2024

Aim; It was aimed to determine pain perception, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) severity, and spine functionality and the relationship between them in older adults.
Method; A total of 301 individuals (177 women and 124 men) with an average age of 71.57±6.30 years (range 65-95) participated in the study. Musculoskeletal pain (MP), neck pain (NP), and low back pain (LBP) were each assessed separately, along with pain perception, tolerance to discomfort, spinal functional status, and temporomandibular disorders severity. These were measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Centrality of Pain Scale (COPS), Discomfort Intolerance Test (DIT), Spine Functional Index (SFI), and Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), respectively. Relationships between parameters were analyzed with Pearson correlation analysis, and gender differences were examined using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance.
Results; The relationship between MP with NP (0.518) and LBP (0.520) and between SFI with COPS (-0.593) was moderate to good. The relationship between MP with COPS (0.485), SFI (-0.372), FAI (0.332); and between NP with LBP (0.495) and FAI (0.453); between LBP with COPS (0.412), SFI (-0.409) and FAI (0.366); and between FAI with COPS (0.377) and SFI (-0.352) was low to fair. Differences were observed between female and male individuals in terms of Mini Mental Test, MP, NP, LBP, COPS, DIT, SFI, and FAI scores (p< 0.05).
Conclusion; It should be taken into consideration that MP may increase with the increase in NP and LBP, and spinal functionality may decrease with the increase in pain perception.
Fórmula avançada: potencial terapêutico do óleo de Copaifera langsdorffii
Authors: Sousa Angélica Gomes de , Sousa Kamila Viana , Santos Marcela da Silva , Deus Rayane Silva de , Brito Ovídia Augusta da Fonseca Almeida
Published: December 2024

O uso de fitoterápicos no Brasil reflete a rica diversidade de plantasmedicinais no país, prática ainda em ascensão, desempenhando um papel crucialna saúde pública, reconhecida e regulamentada como uma terapia complementare integrativa pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Diante deste cenário, aavaliação das propriedades farmacológicas da Copaifera Langsdorffii destaca-sepela eficácia curativa, anti-inflamatória, antibacteriana e antifúngica. Aprofundar oconhecimento na capacidade farmacológica do óleo-resina surge como umaalternativa para complementação das terapias convencionais auxiliando ocombate a resistência antibacteriana, efeitos colaterais indesejados e necessidadede opções terapêuticas mais sustentáveis. O projeto de pesquisa visa justificar osinúmeros benefícios da copaíba apresentando por meio de dados quantitativos equalitativos os ensaios laboratoriais mensurados, gerando ao final do projeto, umaformulação de pastilha dura tendo o óleo resina como princípio ativo.
Avaliação do cuidado farmacêutico na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Queiroz Auriekson Noronha , Corrêa Maria Vitória Bastos , Souza Welder Souza , Silva Joseane Rodrigues da
Published: December 2024

O cuidado farmacêutico vem se consolidando no Brasil em diferentes níveis de atenção em destaque para Atenção Primária à Saúde, aprimorando os resultados clínicos, humanísticos e econômicos. No entanto, estudos que avaliem impactos dos cuidados farmacêuticos em contextos da Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil ainda são escassos. Objetivou-se identificar como o cuidado farmacêutico vem sendo avaliado quanto à sua qualidade e impactos nesse nível de atenção no Brasil. Por meio de revisão integrativa da literatura, 92 artigos foram identificados sendo 11 selecionados. O cuidado farmacêutico se concentrou no acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico em pacientes com doenças crônicas, cujos impactos foram avaliados por métodos quantitativos pela mensuração de parâmetros clínicos e métodos baseados em questionários para desfechos humanísticos. Os pacientes apresentaram em média 3 consultas farmacêuticas, redução nos níveis de glicemia, pressão arterial e perfil lipídico, resolução de Problemas Relacionados a Medicamentos e aumento na qualidade de vida, porém limitações metodológicas das pesquisas, falta de integração com equipes multiprofissionais e escassez de documentação dificultaram a obtenção de evidências sobre os impactos desses cuidados. A avaliação do cuidado farmacêutico necessita de aprimoramentos, padronização e a adoção de metodologias mais robustas que produzam evidencias sobre os diferentes impactos gerados associados a uma intervenção especifica.
Perfil clínico dos pacientes idosos que foram a óbitos devido a fraturas de fêmur no estado do Maranhão, 2014 a 2023
Authors: Carvalho Mateus Ribeiro Gonçalves , Santos Marcio Fernandes Santos e , Oliveira Brenda Mendes de , Melo Leandro Rafael Rodrigues
Published: December 2024

As fraturas de fêmur em idosos elevam a demanda funcional desses pacientes e estão entre as principais causas de internações hospitalares. O prolongamento do período de hospitalização impacta diretamente a mortalidade, aumentando o risco de óbito em pacientes idosos com fratura de fêmur proximal. O presente estudo buscou analisar o perfil clínico dos pacientes idosos que foram a óbito em decorrência de fraturas de fêmur no estado do Maranhão, entre 2014 e 2023. Tratou-se de um estudo epidemiológico, de natureza documental, observacional, descritivo e quantitativo, baseado em dados obtidos do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH/SUS) - DATASUS. Foram analisados 70.478 casos de óbitos em idosos com diagnóstico de fratura de fêmur no estado do Maranhão. Houve um pico de 10.561 óbitos em 2021. A maioria dos casos ocorreu em homens (52,7%), pessoas com 80 anos ou mais (34,8%), de raça parda (39,2%), em caráter de urgência (78,3%), pelo sistema público (11,1%). A análise destaca a necessidade de intervenções direcionadas para reduzir a mortalidade e melhorar o manejo hospitalar dos pacientes idosos com fratura de fêmur no estado.
Preparation and Characterization of C-Reactive Protein Dual-Particle Latex-Enhanced Immunoturbidimetric Reagents
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Li Meijiao , Zhang Hao , Gao Le , Liu Jitao , Zhu Xuetong , Li Chenzhong , Liu Shan , Hou Yue , Xu Jiancheng
Published: December 2024

Objective and Impact Statement:
This study aims to couple C-reactive protein (CRP) antibodies onto latex spheres of 2 different sizes to enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of CRP detection. Furthermore, it seeks to establish a robust methodological framework crucial for advancing the development of latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric detection reagents.
Introduction:
CRP, an acute-phase protein, rapidly elevates in response to infections or tissue damage. Double-particle latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry offers important advantages for accurately measuring CRP levels.
Methods:
CRP antibodies were coupled with 2 sizes of polystyrene latex spheres. Coupling rates were evaluated to determine optimal conditions. Particle sizes suitable for CRP detection, as well as coupling and mixing ratios, were optimized using automated biochemical analysis. Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle size analysis were employed to characterize the morphology and size changes of CRP antibodies and coupled latex spheres before and after immune reaction.
Results:
Optimization identified 168- and 80-nm latex sphere sizes, with CRP antibody coupling rates of 92% and 91%, respectively. The optimal ratios were 10:1.5 for large latex spheres to polyclonal antibodies and 5:1.5 for small latex spheres to monoclonal antibodies. A 1:8 mixing ratio of large to small latex spheres was effective. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed uniform sizes postcoupling, maintaining dispersion with no morphological changes. CRP reacted with the double-particle latex reagent, forming immune complexes that exhibited agglutination. Mixed latex spheres showed varied agglutination states with CRP concentration, altering solution absorbance.
Conclusion:
This study validates the efficacy of the dual-particle-size CRP antibody latex reagent, highlighting its potential for future immunoturbidimetric analysis applications.
A Magnetic-Responsive Biomimetic Nanosystem Coated with Glioma Stem Cell Membranes Effectively Targets and Eliminates Malignant Gliomas
Authors: Deng Song , Nie Dekang , Huang Yue , Yang Yu , Liu Qianqian , Sun Zesheng , Jiang Qiaoji , Ling Yuejuan , Wen Ya , Qu Jiahua , Lin Jialiang , Wang Yi , Huang Rongqin , Shi Jinlong
Published: December 2024

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is among the most challenging malignant brain tumors, making the development of new treatment strategies highly necessary. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) markedly contribute to drug resistance, radiation resistance, and tumor recurrence in GBM. The therapeutic potential of nanomaterials targeting GSCs in GBM urgently needs to be explored. A magnetic-responsive biomimetic nanosystem (FDPM), coated with glioma stem cell membranes (CMs), was designed for the targeted eradication of GSCs as well as their associated tumor cells. Identified nanobodies were extensively characterized with various assays. The application tests on nanomaterials were conducted in vitro and in vivo. The tumor-suppressive effects of the nanosystem were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. FDPM can be artificially directed under magnetic guidance while inheriting various biological functions from CM. Upon intravenous injection, FDPM was drawn to the tumor site by magnetic attraction, where it could cross the blood–brain barrier aided by CM. Its homologous targeting ability originates from active proteins on CM, enabling it to specifically target GSCs and related tumor cells. The encapsulated doxorubicin (DOX) within the nanoparticle then destroyed these tumor cells. FDPM demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and tumor-targeting efficiency, effectively targeting malignant gliomas initiated by GSCs. FDPM significantly reduced tumor cells, inhibited tumor growth, and notably extended the survival of glioma-bearing nude mice. The findings position FDPM as a promising nanoplatform to target GSCs and related tumor cells for improving the therapeutic effect of glioma.