bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zarar İlkesi Üzerine: Üç Temel Eleştiriyi Tartışmak
Authors: ATAŞ Utku
Published: March 2024

Bu makalede bireylerin eylemlerine müdahale etmenin tek haklı gerekçesinin başkalarına zarar gelmesini önlemek olduğunu ifade eden ‘‘zarar ilkesine (Zİ)’’ getirilen üç eleştiriyi tartıştım. Öncelikle ilkeyi anlamlı kılabilecek bir zarar tarifinin bulunmadığı eleştirisini ele alarak bu eleştirinin, ilkenin ancak problemsiz bir zarar tanımı ile birlikte makul kabul edilebileceği varsayımına dayandığını tespit ettim. Zarar kavramına ilişkin var olan bilgi dağarcığımızı görmezden gelmesi ve zarara başvuran ilkeler haricindeki diğer birçok ilkeyi de kapsayan genel bir şüpheciliğin önünü açması nedeniyle ilgili varsayımı reddetmemiz gerektiğini savundum. İkinci olarak, zarar vermenin yanlışlığının halihazırda yaygın olarak kabul ediliyor olmasından ötürü Zİ’nin bize yeni bir şey söylemediği, zararın türü/miktarı gibi güncel tartışmaların yoğunlaştığı noktalarda suskun kaldığı ve dolayısıyla artık işlevsiz olduğu eleştirisini değerlendirdim. Buna karşın hangi zarar tarifinin benimsendiğinden bağımsız olarak Zİ’nin, zararın varlığı kanıtlanmadıkça bireylerin eylemlerinde serbest bırakılmaları gerektiğini vurgulayan bir özgürlük karinesini temsil etme ve bazı eylemlerin zarar içermese dahi yasaklanabileceğini düşünen hukuki ahlakçılara yasak taleplerini gerekçelendirme yükümlülüklerini hatırlatma şeklinde iki önemli işleve halen sahip olduğunu iddia ettim. Son olarak Zİ'nin potansiyel kötüye kullanımlarına dair endişelere değindim. Bu endişelerin giderilmesi için yapılması gerekenin, zarar içeren eylemleri belirlemeye çalışmak değil, her eylemin bir miktar zarar içerme olasılığına sahip olduğunu kabul ederek hangi tür zararların hukuken düzenlenmesi gerektiği özelinde makul bir seçenek ortaya koymak olduğunu iddia ettim. Zİ’nin suiistimallerinin genellikle zarar kavramının geniş yorumlanmasının ürünü olduğunu düşünerek, cebir ve hile eylemlerinin neden olduğu birinci derece zararları esas alan, hukuki öngörülebilirliği artıracak bir hukuki çerçeve benimsemeyi tercih ettim. Kuşkusuz bu tercih yasaklanması gereken bazı zararlı eylemlere karşı hukuki koruma sağlayamama riskini içermektedir; ancak bu, özgürlüğü korumayı taahhüt eden genel bir ilke ortaya koymak için ödenmesi gereken bir bedeldir. Buradan hareketle, ele aldığım üç eleştiriden hiçbirinin Zİ’nin reddedilmesini gerektirmediği sonucuna vardım.
A Comparison Study on Uzbek and Turkish Idioms
Authors: Aghamuhammad Muradi
Published: March 2024

Idioms are stereotypes spoken by the public, whose author and speaker are unknown. Idioms are available in all languages of the world. People have used idioms to express their thoughts and ideas to others effectively and in detail through short sentences. Humans have short, but also metaphoric words and sentences for purposes rather than long and meaningless sentences.

The subject of this study is on idioms in Turkish and Uzbek. The idioms in these two languages encounter each other and are explained. From this comparison and explanation, it is proved that these two cultures, these two nations, these two languages and these two literatures are close to each other and of the same lineage. It is possible that some people may not know that these two nations come from the same lineage and the same geography.
Image of Historical Persons in Stories
Authors: Razia Sadri
Published: March 2024

One of the main tasks of fiction is to create works dedicated to events that happened in the historical past, historical figures who lived in the recent or distant past. In contrast to scientific research, the writer effectively uses the text in a work on a historical subject, relying on the truth of history. Along with historical figures, the writer brings the image of textile heroes into the work in order to vividly embody the image of these people, to comprehensively illuminate the landscape of the depicted period.
Sand Supplier Selection Analysis Based on the Integration of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Taguchi Quality Loss Function Methods
Authors: Sofillauny Zahara , Wahyuni Hana Catur , Sukmono Tedjo , Putra Boy Isma
Published: March 2024

Supplier selection process is a step to evaluate and select the most suitable supplier to see the needs of the company or organization. This evaluation is important to ensure that the selected supplier is able to provide quality products or services, competitive prices, timely delivery, and meet ethical and sustainability standards. This research uses two methods, namely Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Taguchi Loss Function. AHP is used to calculate the weight of criteria, while the Taguchi Loss Function is used to estimate losses caused by suppliers. The criteria applied in supplier evaluation are quality criteria, product accuracy, delivery, price, warranty policy, and response to claims. The results obtained from this study PT. Bumi Makmur with a percentage loss of 21%, while the supplier that has the largest loss value is PT. Mergo Bopo with a percentage of 47%.

Highlights :

Integration of AHP and Taguchi Loss Function enhances supplier selection accuracy.

Identified supplier exhibits substantial loss percentage, emphasizing the importance of thorough evaluation.

Findings enable informed decision-making, facilitating risk mitigation and operational optimization

Keywords :Supplier Evaluation; Sand; Analytical Hierarchy Process, Taguchi Loss Function
Quality Control To Reduce Defects in Ceramic Production Using Six Sigma Method and Root Cause Analysis
Authors: Wahyudiyanto Teddy , Wahyuni Hana Catur
Published: March 2024

PT. Kualimas Aditama is a company engaged in the manufacturing sector. This company has been a ceramics producer for 23 years. However, the problem faced in this company is that the level of product defects produced exceeds the company's tolerance limits. The company provides an acceptable tolerance for defective products of 3, but in fact the production of 60x60cm ceramics for 6 months in February 2023 had a product defect of 3.2% exceeding the tolerance limit which had a defect value of 1505 Pcs and a DPMO value of 8064.68899 with a sigma level of 3.9. In the define stage there were 4 product defects that occurred, namely ripe gupil of 2,668 pcs, raw gupil of 2,158 Pcs, ceramic scratched of 1,255 pcs and edge cracks of 586 Pcs. This study aims to determine damage to ceramics, determine the level of defects in ceramics and provide suggestions for improvements to reduce the number of defects. As an effort to reduce product defects that occur at PT.Kualimas Aditama, it is necessary to carry out quality control using the Six Sigma and RCA methods to improve production quality. From the results of the analysis, it is obtained that the triggering factors for product defects include human, machine, environmental factors. Highlights : Six Sigma Approach: Utilizing Six Sigma methodology for quality control allows for systematic problem-solving and process improvement. Root Cause Analysis (RCA): Identifying root causes of defects is crucial for implementing effective corrective measures. Human, Machine, Environmental Factors: Recognizing and addressing these factors are essential in reducing product defects and improving production quality. Keywords – Quality Control, Six Sigma, Root Cause Analysis
Differentiated Instruction: Analysis of Elementary School Teachers’ Understanding in Bali Q-Ta School
Authors: Witraguna Kadek Yudista , Jaya I Ketut Manik Asta
Published: March 2024

Differentiated instruction is implemented to support the application of the Merdeka Curriculum. Teachers need to have a good understanding before implementing differentiated instruction. The study aims to determine and analyze the understanding of elementary school teachers regarding differentiated instruction at Bali Q-Ta School (SD Bali Q-Ta), as well as to identify the constraints in its implementation. The research was conducted using mixed methods. The subjects of this study were all elementary school teachers at SD Bali Q-Ta. Research data was obtained using questionnaires and interviews. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. Findings indicate that the understanding of elementary school teachers at SD Bali Q-Ta falls into the "very good" category, with an average score of 77.9. The constraints faced by elementary school teachers at SD Bali Q-Ta include: (1) the preparation, implementation, and evaluation requiring a significant amount of time; (2) difficulties in preparing diverse teaching aids; (3) errors in diagnosing student needs; and (4) difficulties in developing suitable assessment instruments tailored to student needs Highlights: Differentiated Instruction: Tailoring teaching methods to accommodate diverse student needs. Merdeka Curriculum: Framework for Indonesian education emphasizing autonomy and innovation. Elementary School Teachers: Key agents in implementing differentiated instruction effectively. Keywords: Differentiated Intruction, Merdeka Curriculum, Teachers Understanding
WITHDRAWN: The COVID-19 Impact on Software Design Activities Globally Software Engineering – A Study from computing Perspective in Medical Science
Authors: Nabi Faisal , Hasan Rija , Maple Carsten
Published: March 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, widely acknowledged as the most significant global health crisis of this century, has impacted virtually every sector, including software development. This unprecedented situation has led to significant implications for software projects and the professionals involved in software development, presenting substantial challenges. The primary objective of this study is to systematically analyze the evolving research trends within the Global Software Engineering (GSE) field. This study focuses on examining whether the global pandemic has led to an increased emphasis on software design research. Furthermore, we investigate the existing gap in social interaction during the software design phase of development. The research methodology consists of a two-phase systematic analysis of the existing literature. In the first phase involves the mapping of GSE research conducted over the two decades preceding the pandemic (2000-2020). In the second phase, this study employed a forward snowballing approach to review literature related to the software design phase published between 2020 and 2022. The analysis of 592 research studies in these two phases reveals various trends in GSE research. Evaluation research stands out as the most extensively explored research type across methods, processes, and human aspects of development. Despite the considerable impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to an increased reliance on distributed teams, our findings suggest that, while software organizations have been extensively studied across all software engineering phases, the software design phase remains one of the least explored areas. Our contribution envisions a more collaborative and adaptable GSE field, providing guidance for future research endeavors aimed at supporting distributed teams.
Studying the role of cortisol in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis during pregnancy
Authors: Kandrashkina Ju. A. , Orlova E. A. , Kostina E. M.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common dermatitis, characterized by complex pathogenetic mechanisms. Psychological stress is recognized as one of the triggers of AD. Stress causes a high release of cortisol and epinephrine or norepinephrine, stimulating the immune system, primarily T helper cells type 1 (Th1 cells), to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to a cellular immune response and inflammation. In recent years, there has been an increase in incidence among pregnant women, however, the specific mechanisms of the development of AD during pregnancy still remain poorly understood. Aim. To study the role of cortisol in AD during pregnancy.

Materials and methods. The study included 76 pregnant women during an exacerbation of AD, 20 non-pregnant women during an exacerbation of AD, 20 non-pregnant women without AD, 20 pregnant women without AD. The severity of AD was determined using the SCORAD index. Cortisol levels were determined in blood serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anxiety level was determined using the Beck Anxiety Inventory. The level of itching was determined using a 5D itching scale.

Results. Cortisol levels in pregnant women with AD (629.8 pg/ml) were significantly higher than in non-pregnant women with AD (386.15 pg/ml) (p < 0.05). Cortisol levels were correlated with the severity level (Spearman coefficient = 0.203, p = 0.018), anxiety level (Spearman coefficient = 0.411, p = 0.001), and level of itching (Spearman coefficient = 0.352, p = 0.001).

Conclusions. Cortisol is important in the pathogenesis of AD during pregnancy. During pregnancy with exacerbation of AD, higher values were observed than outside pregnancy.
Methods of rosacea treatment to achieve stable remission in a megalopolis
Authors: Vilochkina A. D. , Lindover V. S. , Galukhina E. A. , Murtazina Ya. O. , Garanova U. A. , Chekanova A. R. , Raevskiy K. P.
Published: March 2024

The review article is devoted to the aspects of rosacea therapy in a megalopolis, where a dermatological service is widely developed and it is possible to provide modern diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures. Rosacea negatively affects the emotional state of patients, and low awareness of chronic dermatoses often leads to self-medication and skin deterioration. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease have not been fully studied. Both genetic predisposition and environmental factors contribute to the occurrence of rosacea. A number of studies confirm that the triggers can be ultraviolet radiation, stress, intense physical activity, temperature changes, dietary characteristics, imbalance of the intestinal microbiota, alcohol consumption. Every day, residents of megalopolises face a combination of these factors, which combined with genetically determined features of the epidermal barrier and immune function, makes them more susceptible to rosacea and other skin diseases. The multifactorial nature of rosacea causes a variety of treatment methods that must be individualized in accordance with the clinical picture of the disease. With mild to moderate rosacea, monotherapy with external drugs is effective – azelaic acid, brimonidine tartrate, ivermectin, metronidazole. For the treatment of severe forms of rosacea, it is advisable to prescribe systemic therapy from groups of retinoids and antibiotics. The results of numerous studies are presented that physiotherapy methods which are available in large cities increase the effectiveness of treatment by reducing erythema and telangiectasia, enhancing repair and microcirculation in the epidermis. The accumulated experience of Russian dermatologists and foreign colleagues allows to determine the most effective combinations of treatment methods to achieve stable remission in patients.
The problem of treating acne and rosacea in women of reproductive age
Authors: Mildzikhova D. R. , Sakaniya L. R. , Tserikidze N. G. , Korsunskaya I. M.
Published: March 2024

Often enough, women of reproductive age make medical appointments for problems such as acne and rosacea. Treatment of these diseases in this group of patients has unique features. For example, isotretinoin can only be administered for some indications and in combination with most effective contraceptive methods due to its teratogenicity. Also worth noting is that acne prevalence rates among pregnant women are quite high – up to 43% according to various studies. In fact, symptoms of the disease develop during the second and third trimesters. The choice of therapy for these patients is limited and mainly includes topical drugs. The acne management strategies in women planning pregnancy are similar to that in pregnant women. Foreign studies show the relationship between rosacea and hormonal and reproductive factors. Thus, the disease often develops in premenopause; the risk of developing rosacea is also increased in nulliparous women and women delivering their first and last child at an older age. In our practice, we often prescribe a 1% clindamycin solution as a topical antibiotic. The drug is easy to apply and is not visible on the skin after its use. Absence of drug-induced photosensitivity is a significant advantage of the solution over drugs from other groups, which allows using the drug during periods of high solar activity (in particular, in spring and summer). This is also important for patients with rosacea, as exposure to ultraviolet light is one of the factors known to aggravate the disease. A number of management strategies and treatment algorithm for patients of reproductive age suffering from acne and rosacea that are provided in this work will help physicians to select the optimal and safe treatment with due account for reproductive life plans.
Hand eczema: a common diagnosis in everyday practice
Authors: Nevozinskaya Z. A. , Sakaniya L. R. , Korsunskaya I. M.
Published: March 2024

Hand eczema is one of the most common dermatoses at the doctor’s office during visits. There is some evidence that the prevalence rates reach almost 15% of the population. This disease greatly affects patients’ quality of life, work activities and other areas of life. The eczema pathogenesis is quite complex and is built up of genetic factors, environmental effects and various irritating agents. Disturbances of skin barrier also plays a significant role in the development of the disease. For example, patients with atopic dermatitis often suffer from hand eczema. Excessive hand hygiene (frequent washing and use of alcohol-based products) also increases the risk of developing this unpleasant dermatosis. Clinical features distinguish acute from chronic eczema. Acute eczema manifests as erythema, oedema, and vesicular rashes. The chronic course is characterized by skin thickening, peeling, erosion and cracks. Exacerbations occur 2 or more times per year. Hand eczema can be divided into irritant, which develops in response to contact with physical, mechanical, and chemical irritants, and allergic, which is provoked by contact with an allergen that induces type IV immune response. It is also common to distinguish protein contact dermatitis, which refers to a subtype of allergic eczema. Traditionally, moisturizers and topical corticosteroids are used for the treatment of hand eczema. Among topical corticosteroids, methylprednisolone aceponate (Advantan®) is especially worth noting. In addition to the pronounced therapeutic effect, the option to use it once a day is an undoubted advantage over many other drugs. This fact has a positive effect on therapy adherence. This topical corticosteroid is well tolerated and highly effective for the treatment of eczematous dermatitis, which is confirmed by many-year experience in using it.
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation post-acne: possibilities of topical therapy
Authors: Zhukova O. V. , Ostretsova M. N. , Kostetskaia A. V. , Savastenko A. L. , Ismatullaeva S. S. , Sokolovskaya Yu. A.
Published: March 2024

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is one of the most significant problems in patients with acne. The prevalence of PIH among patients with acne varies from 45 to 87%. Post-acne, including PIH, has an extremely negative impact on the quality of life and psychological well-being of patients, as it is often resistant to therapy and can persist for even several years. Successful acne treatment does not guarantee complete elimination of PIH and other post-acne symptoms. In the development of PIH, a key role is played by the mechanism associated with the production and distribution of melanin, which is activated by inflammation and the release of cytokines that promote an increase in the level of immunoreactive tyrosinase, which stimulates melanocytes, activation of melanogenesis and further transfer of melanosomes to surrounding keratinocytes. It is important for clinicians to recognize the psychosocial impact of PIH and manage inflammation, as well as proactively address residual PIH with appropriate treatment. Thus, prevention and correction of PIH should be one of the goals of acne treatment. Topical therapy for PIH in acne is considered the most acceptable and can be prescribed both as monotherapy and as part of combined methods. Tyrosinase is a target for topical anti-pigmentation agents, including hydroquinone, kojic acid, and resorcinyl thiazole derivatives. The latter includes isobutylamidothiazolyl resorcinol – thiamidol. The article provides a brief overview of data on the epidemiology of PIH, its pathogenesis, impact on the quality of life of patients and the perception of their image by people around them. Clinical experience with the use of anti-hyperpigmentation serum with thiamidol, licochalcone A and sodium hyaluronate is presented, which confirms the effectiveness, safety and feasibility of prescribing products with thiamidol for the treatment of PIH caused by acne.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and psoriasis: mechanisms of comorbidity and approaches to therapy
Authors: Livzan M. A. , Gaus O. V. , Ekimov I. N.
Published: March 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disease of a multifactorial nature, characterized by accelerated proliferation of keratinocytes and impaired differentiation, an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, with frequent involvement of the musculoskeletal system in the pathological process. The etiology of psoriasis is unknown, but several risk factors have been identified, including family history, smoking and obesity. The high prevalence of obesity, diseases of the cardiovascular system and digestive organs in patients with psoriasis allows us to consider it as an indicator of the patient’s metabolic disorders. In the structure of comorbidity of patients with psoriasis, special attention is drawn to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which occupies a leading position in the structure of the incidence of chronic diffuse liver diseases among the adult population in many countries of the world, including Russia. Patients with psoriasis are more often diagnosed with NAFLD, regardless of the presence of metabolic syndrome and other traditional risk factors. The presence of NAFLD is associated with more severe psoriasis and worse outcomes. On the other hand, a negative effect of psoriasis on the course of liver pathology has been noted. In this regard, it seems particularly relevant to study the etiological factors and pathogenetic links underlying this comorbidity, as potential targets for targeted therapy, which can improve the effectiveness of treatment for this cohort of patients. The purpose of this review publication is to summarize and systematize the available data on the prevalence of comorbidity of psoriasis and NAFLD in the population, the mechanisms of its formation and approaches to patient management.
Cheilitis: causes, therapy and prevention
Authors: Sakaniya L. R. , Pavlova A. V. , Korsunskaya I. M.
Published: March 2024

Inflammation of the lip skin that can be characterized by peeling, erythema and swelling is known as cheilitis. This condition may be present in a number of skin and systemic diseases. The inflammation process is usually limited to the vermillion border of the lips, but in some cases, it may spread to the skin surrounding the lips and even to the oral mucosa. Cheilitis can be divided into several types due to its causes. Irritant contact cheilitis is the result of frequent hot or dry air exposure. Allergic cheilitis is a delayed reaction following contact with allergens. Atopic cheilitis occurs in individuals suffering from atopic dermatitis. Infection with Candida albicans or Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of angular cheilitis, which also often occurs as a result of insufficient oral hygiene or improperly selected dentures. Drug-induced cheilitis occurs as a result of intake of certain medications, mainly systemic retinoids. Therapy for cheilitis depends on the factor that triggered the inflammation and is aimed at eliminating unpleasant symptoms. Due to variety of triggers for cheilitis, treatment of this disease may need to consider the involvement of different specialists: dermatologists, dentists, and in some cases, oncologists. Common elements of the treatment of cheilitis, regardless of its etiological factor, is the prescription of special-purpose care products that will have moisturizing and softening effects on the lip skin. This article describes several clinical cases demonstrating the effectiveness of lip care products, which composition provides anti-inflammatory, moisturizing and regenerating effects.
Experience with interleukin-23 inhibitor guselkumab using in patients with severe psoriasis and the impact of the disease on the psycho-emotional background
Authors: Svechnikova E. V. , Zhufina S. E.
Published: March 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated disease that leads not only to damage to the skin and its appendages, but is also associated with concomitant systemic diseases, including damage to the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular pathologies, kidney disease, metabolic syndrome and changes in the nervous system. Not long ago, a term was introduced to unite psoriasis and concomitant comorbid diseases – psoriatic disease. Recently, special attention has been paid to assessing the psychoemotional state and quality of life of patients with psoriasis who bear the burden of a chronic disease. It is no secret that any skin disease significantly worsens the quality and standard of life of the patient and can lead to social and professional stigma and discrimination, and a number of restrictions. Psoriatic disease is recognized as a multisystem inflammatory disease and a holistic approach to treatment is recommended, focusing on comorbidities, including mental health, psychosocial well-being and quality of life. The Dermatological Life Quality Index (DLQI) is one of the most convenient indices that allows you to assess the severity of the burden of chronic skin diseases, including psoriasis, on a person’s daily activities; a correlation was found between the severity of psoriasis, the presence of concomitant diseases, especially psoriatic arthritis and the DLQI level. DLQI is higher in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis, in patients with mild psoriasis (low PASI index), but with damage to socially significant areas of the skin (face, hands and feet, scalp, genitals, nail plates), in patients with active manifestations of psoriatic disease in the form of concomitant diseases, which complicates the choice of drug for treatment. The availability, effectiveness, and treatment regimens of modern drugs play an important role in the psycho-emotional state of patients. Today the biological drugs have been actively used in the treatment of psoriasis, which have a number of advantages compared to drugs of basic anti-inflammatory therapy and phototherapy, and, accordingly, are more effective and are of value for patients who experience emotional discomfort from a chronic skin disease in everyday life. The purpose of this article was to study the prevalence and nature of mental and psychiatric pathologies in patients with psoriasis, the possible improvement of DLQI in patients with psoriasis using a biological drug from the group of interleukin-23 inhibitors guselkumab.
Therapy of netakimab in nail psoriasis
Authors: Kurdina M. I. , Kolenko N. G.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The nail psoriasis severity does not always correspond to the skin process intensity, but often correlates with a more severe, prolonged and aggressive course of the disease.

Materials and methods. 48 adult patients (n = 48) with nail psoriasis were under observation. The severity of the psoriatic lesion of the nails was determined using the NAPSI index (Nail Psoriasis Severity Index). The assessment was carried out before the start of treatment, in the first week, and then every 4 weeks up to and including 52 weeks. The Dermatological Quality of Life Index (DLQI) were determined by questionnaires before the start of treatment, at the 12th and 52nd weeks. All patients on an outpatient basis received netakimab monotherapy at a dose of 120 mg in the form of two subcutaneous injections of 1 ml (60 mg) of the drug, each administered once a week at weeks 0, 1 and 2, then 1 time every 4 weeks. The total duration of treatment for each patient was 52 weeks. The safety of netakimab was evaluated based on the development of adverse events and local reactions to the administration of the drug.

Results. The results of the study for 52 weeks showed high efficacy of netakimab. Average NAPSI score improved – 33.1% by the week 12 of treatment and – 72.3% by the week 52 compared to baseline, the quality of their life improved. During the 52 weeks of the study, there were no cases of early withdrawal due to adverse events and cases of serious adverse events.

Conclusion. Based on the study results we recommend netakimab for medical use among patients with moderate and severe nail psoriasis.
Therapeutic potential of the treatment and control of severe recurrent atopic dermatitis
Authors: Tamrazova O. B. , Stadnikova A. S. , Novik G. A. , Sukhotina A. G. , Vorobeva A. S. , Bagramova G. E. , Bezukladnova A. A.
Published: March 2024

Atopic dermatitis is a hereditary inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritus, a long recurrent course and certain evolutionary dynamics. Atopic dermatitis of moderate and severe severity is considered a systemic disease that exacerbates the course of associated pathologies, including cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric, and malignant diseases. The current paper presents the essentials about moderate and severe severity atopic dermatitis, statistical epidemiologic and pathogenetic data is thoroughly processed, the issues of the quality of life of such patients are especially accentuated. It is known that a few years ago the therapy of moderate and severe atopic dermatitis was based on systemic corticosteroids and classical immunosuppressants, but they had limited efficacy and were not suitable for long-term treatment due to their safety profile. This article highlights the development of new effective and easy-to-use therapies for atopic dermatitis, which led to the emergence of selective Janus kinase inhibitors. The review presents the way selective inhibitors of Janus kinases works and their effect on the barrier function of the skin. The paper provides the research data on the very first drug from the group of selective inhibitors - upadacitinib, which proved its efficacy on a par with a high degree of safety. The authors presented their own clinical observation of the use of upadacitinib in adolescents with severe atopic dermatitis. The use of upadacitinib in the described clinical cases led to a decrease in the severity of subjective and objective symptoms of inflammatory skin diseases.
Peri-wound skin lesions of allergic nature
Authors: Dvoriankova E. V. , Shevchenko G. A.
Published: March 2024

Peri-wound dermatoses are a fairly common occurrence in clinical practice. In general, they are all allergic in nature and occur on the skin around the surface area of both primary and postoperative wounds. Peri-wound skin lesions can develop as paratraumatic eczema, simple contact or allergic dermatitis. All these dermatoses can be complicated by a secondary bacterial or mycotic infection, both exogenous and endogenous, which significantly complicates the course of the dermatitis itself and wound healing. The patient is exposed to a fairly large number of potential allergens in the course of surgical care provided at all stages: both in the pre- and postoperative period, and during the surgical intervention. Among them may be drugs and antiseptics, surgical sutures, implants, and even latex gloves of healthcare practitioners in some cases. When it comes to potential allergens, foci of chronic infection in the patient’s body, as well as secondary wound infections should be noted as a separate matter. The presence of peri-wound dermatoses is the most common cause of delayed surgical debridement, and can also become an obstacle to surgical treatment and healing of the wound surface. In addition, pre-existing paratraumatic eczema can progress to a chronic course and contribute to the further spread of the inflammatory process. Thus, peri-wound dermatoses are a pressing interdisciplinary issue. Patients with peri-wound dermatoses require a personalized selection of combination therapy and additional consultative assistance from highly specialized doctors. Fixed-dose topical glucocorticoids combined with antibiotics and antimycotics may be the drugs of choice for patients with peri-wound eczematous process, with due account for complex pathogenetic effects and ease of use. The article describes clinical cases of dermatoses developed in surgical patients.
Proficiency of probability distributions in unit hydrograph derivation
Authors: Sangin Esmatullah , Patil Pravin R. , Mishra S. K. , Sen Sumit
Published: March 2024

The probability distribution function (PDF)-based unit hydrographs (UHs) are gaining momentum in an application for more accurate rainfall-runoff transformation. Employing seven statistical performance indices, R2, NSE, MSE, RMSE, MAE, MAPE, and SE in generalized reduced gradient nonlinear programming (GRG-NLP) optimization, 18 known and 12 adaptable PDF-based UHs were assessed against UHs derived from 18 storms in 7 basins across the United States, Turkey, and India. To this end, 27 Maple codes were proposed for UH-application requiring only peak discharge (qp), time to peak (tp), and time base (tb) for derivation. The introduced PDFs, such as Dagum, Generalized Gamma, Log-Logistic, Gumbel Type-I, and Shifted Gompertz, replicated the observed data-derived UHs more closely than did the known PDFs, like Inverse Gaussian, two-parameter gamma distribution (2-PGD), Log-Normal, Inverse-Gamma, and Nagakami. Among the three-parameter (6 nos.), two-parameter (21 nos.), and single-parameter (3 nos.) PDFs, the Dagum, Log-Logistic, and Poisson consistently outperformed their respective counterparts in replication.
Effect of Prosocial Behaviors on e-Consultations in a Web-Based Health Care Community: Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Liu Xiaoxiao , Guo Huijing , Wang Le , Hu Mingye , Wei Yichan , Liu Fei , Wang Xifu
Published: March 2024

Background

Patients using web-based health care communities for e-consultation services have the option to choose their service providers from an extensive digital market. To stand out in this crowded field, doctors in web-based health care communities often engage in prosocial behaviors, such as proactive and reactive actions, to attract more users. However, the effect of these behaviors on the volume of e-consultations remains unclear and warrants further exploration.

Objective

This study investigates the impact of various prosocial behaviors on doctors’ e-consultation volume in web-based health care communities and the moderating effects of doctors’ digital and offline reputations.

Methods

A panel data set containing information on 2880 doctors over a 22-month period was obtained from one of the largest web-based health care communities in China. Data analysis was conducted using a 2-way fixed effects model with robust clustered SEs. A series of robustness checks were also performed, including alternative measurements of independent variables and estimation methods.

Results

Results indicated that both types of doctors’ prosocial behaviors, namely, proactive and reactive actions, positively impacted their e-consultation volume. In terms of the moderating effects of external reputation, doctors’ offline professional titles were found to negatively moderate the relationship between their proactive behaviors and their e-consultation volume. However, these titles did not significantly affect the relationship between doctors’ reactive behaviors and their e-consultation volume (P=.45). Additionally, doctors’ digital recommendations from patients negatively moderated both the relationship between doctors’ proactive behaviors and e-consultation volume and the relationship between doctors’ reactive behaviors and e-consultation volume.

Conclusions

Drawing upon functional motives theory and social exchange theory, this study categorizes doctors’ prosocial behaviors into proactive and reactive actions. It provides empirical evidence that prosocial behaviors can lead to an increase in e-consultation volume. This study also illuminates the moderating roles doctors’ digital and offline reputations play in the relationships between prosocial behaviors and e-consultation volume.
Performance of GPT-4V in Answering the Japanese Otolaryngology Board Certification Examination Questions: Evaluation Study
Authors: Noda Masao , Ueno Takayoshi , Koshu Ryota , Takaso Yuji , Shimada Mari Dias , Saito Chizu , Sugimoto Hisashi , Fushiki Hiroaki , Ito Makoto , Nomura Akihiro , Yoshizaki Tomokazu
Published: March 2024

Background

Artificial intelligence models can learn from medical literature and clinical cases and generate answers that rival human experts. However, challenges remain in the analysis of complex data containing images and diagrams.

Objective

This study aims to assess the answering capabilities and accuracy of ChatGPT-4 Vision (GPT-4V) for a set of 100 questions, including image-based questions, from the 2023 otolaryngology board certification examination.

Methods

Answers to 100 questions from the 2023 otolaryngology board certification examination, including image-based questions, were generated using GPT-4V. The accuracy rate was evaluated using different prompts, and the presence of images, clinical area of the questions, and variations in the answer content were examined.

Results

The accuracy rate for text-only input was, on average, 24.7% but improved to 47.3% with the addition of English translation and prompts (P<.001). The average nonresponse rate for text-only input was 46.3%; this decreased to 2.7% with the addition of English translation and prompts (P<.001). The accuracy rate was lower for image-based questions than for text-only questions across all types of input, with a relatively high nonresponse rate. General questions and questions from the fields of head and neck allergies and nasal allergies had relatively high accuracy rates, which increased with the addition of translation and prompts. In terms of content, questions related to anatomy had the highest accuracy rate. For all content types, the addition of translation and prompts increased the accuracy rate. As for the performance based on image-based questions, the average of correct answer rate with text-only input was 30.4%, and that with text-plus-image input was 41.3% (P=.02).

Conclusions

Examination of artificial intelligence’s answering capabilities for the otolaryngology board certification examination improves our understanding of its potential and limitations in this field. Although the improvement was noted with the addition of translation and prompts, the accuracy rate for image-based questions was lower than that for text-based questions, suggesting room for improvement in GPT-4V at this stage. Furthermore, text-plus-image input answers a higher rate in image-based questions. Our findings imply the usefulness and potential of GPT-4V in medicine; however, future consideration of safe use methods is needed.
Research on Case Reasoning Multi-attribute Group Decision-making Method Based on Hesitant Fuzzy Set
Authors: Sun Jin-hua , Li Hong , Hu Jian
Published: March 2024

In this study, a hesitant fuzzy set-based case-based reasoning integration method is proposed for the multi-attribute group decision-making problem with unknown attribute weights and mixed forms of attribute values. First, from two perspectives, traditional distance measure and information theory, a multi-objective optimization model is constructed using the distance similarity measure and information entropy of each type of attributes to determine the attribute weights. Secondly, considering the hybrid and nonlinear characteristics of case data, based on the principle of symmetric interaction entropy and TOPSIS method, a global similarity measure based on symmetric interaction entropy is proposed and a case inference algorithm suitable for hesitant fuzzy environment is designed. Finally, by analyzing the arithmetic cases of the target case in the case base, the most similar historical cases to the target case are retrieved to determine the decision-making scheme, and the practicality and feasibility of the decision-making method are verified. The results show that considering hesitant fuzzy theory for case-based reasoning research will help improve the accuracy and reliability of decision-making and provide more effective support for multi-attribute group decision management.
Optimization of Hybrid Cooling Systems for Automotive Engines: Integrating Radiator and Air Conditioning Efficiency for Enhanced Performance and Energy Efficiency
Authors: Jain Sambhav
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This research paper introduces a groundbreaking exploration into the optimization of hybrid cooling systems within automotive thermal management. The study focuses on seamlessly integrating radiator and air conditioning components to not only enhance engine performance but also achieve unprecedented levels of energy efficiency. In response to the escalating demand for environmentally conscious and fuel-efficient vehicles, the research delves into advanced engineering solutions and innovative technologies that synergize the functions of traditional radiator and air conditioning systems. The core objective is to harmonize these components, redefining the landscape of automotive thermal management and setting the stage for a sustainable and high-performance future. By scrutinizing advancements, addressing challenges, and proposing potential breakthroughs, the paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on the evolution of engine cooling systems. The findings aim to propel the automotive industry toward a new era where optimal engine performance coexists with energy efficiency and environmental responsibility. This research lays the foundation for future developments that promise to reshape the automotive thermal management landscape, aligning with the global shift towards more sustainable and technologically advanced transportation solutions.
Revolutionizing Plastic Waste Management in the Packaging Industry: An In-depth Exploration of AI-Driven Circular Economy Strategies
Authors: Ashatkar Astha
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This research paper delves into the transformative potential of artificial intelligence in revolutionizing plastic waste management within the packaging industry. The study aims to assess the role of AI technologies in promoting circular economy principles, with a specific focus on reducing plastic waste, optimizing recycling processes, and fostering sustainable resource utilization. Through a comprehensive analysis of real-world applications and case studies in the packaging sector, the paper aims to provide insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating AI-driven circular economy practices, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and eco-friendly packaging landscape.
Gestures Controlled Robot
Authors: Kadam Shailaja
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The main abstract of the project work is to control robot with gestures using hand. There are two main components of the system: The accelerometer depends upon the gestures of the hand. Through accelerometer, a passage of data signal is received and it is processed with the help of Atmega328 microcontroller. The microcontroller gives command to the robot to move in the desired direction. The basic working principle for the robot is passage of the data signals of accelerometer readings to the Arduino board fitted on the bot. The program compiled in that Atmega328 runs according to that value, which make the bot function accordingly. While we have used three-axis accelerometer. In which, one axis will control the speed in forward or backward direction and other axis will control the turning mechanism. Accelerometer-based gesture control is studied as a supplementary or an alternative interaction modality. Gesture commands freely trainable by the user can be used for controlling external devices with handheld wireless sensor unit.
Composite Delta Beam for Slim Floor Construction
Authors: R Manimaran
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The structural behaviour of the composite Flush Beam for slim floor as a whole has been investigated. The deformation behaviour of the structural members Steel beams with trapezoidal cross-sections and specially punched webs were developed as composite beams in slim floors. The estimation of the flexural stiffness and bending capacity of composite slim beams is rather complicated, because the influence of many factors should be taken into account. These factors include variable section dimensions, Profile of the beam, stiffness of the beam and interaction between steel and concrete. In this paper, analytical investigations have been conducted to investigate the deflection behaviour of Flush beam specimens under monotonic loading. A design procedure is developed for composite slim floor Flush beams based on cross-sectional analysis and the flexural properties of the slim floor beams are evaluated. From the analytical investigation it was found that the deflection of delta beam is 48% less than the conventional I-beam More over the stiffness of the Delta beam is 49.8% higher than the I-beam
From Pokhran to Power Plants: Tracing the Evolution of Nuclear Policy in India
Authors: Sarmah Aditya Bikram
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This research paper endeavors to comprehensively examine the nuanced trajectory of India's nuclear policy, unfolding from the watershed moment of the Pokhran nuclear tests in 1974 to its subsequent evolution in the context of energy security and strategic considerations. The paper meticulously navigates through historical milestones, policy shifts, and geopolitical dynamics that have shaped India's nuclear stance over the decades. The Pokhran tests, marked by the codename "Smiling Buddha," represented a seminal point in India's pursuit of nuclear capabilities, altering its strategic calculus and ushering in an era of cautious self-reliance.
Empowering Communication with CNN Sign Language Recognition
Authors: Dewtarse Abhijeet
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The SignSense project presents an innovative solution aimed at breaking the communication barriers faced by the hearing-impaired community. Leveraging advanced technologies, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Javabased algorithms, SignSense pioneers a Sign Language Recognition System. This system empowers individuals with hearing impairments to express themselves naturally, ensuring accurate translation of sign language gestures into text or voice. The project's motivation stems from fostering inclusivity and understanding between hearing-impaired individuals and the broader society.