bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracing the contraction of the pre-stellar core L1544 with HC17O+ J = 1–0 emission
Authors: Ferrer Asensio J. , Spezzano S. , Caselli P. , Alves F. O. , Sipilä O. , Redaelli E. , Bizzocchi L. , Lique F. , Mullins A.
Published: September 2022

Context. Spectral line profiles of several molecules observed towards the pre-stellar core L1544 appear double-peaked. For abundant molecular species this line morphology has been linked to self-absorption. However, the physical process behind the double-peaked morphology for less abundant species is still under debate.

Aims. In order to understand the cause behind the double-peaked spectra of optically thin transitions and their link to the physical structure of pre-stellar cores, we present high-sensitivity and high spectral resolution HC17O+ J =1−0 observations towards the dust peak in L1544.

Methods. We observed the HC17O+(1−0) spectrum with the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30 m telescope. By using state-of-the-art collisional rate coefficients, a physical model for the core and the fractional abundance profile of HC17O+, the hyperfine structure of this molecular ion is modelled for the first time with the radiative transfer code loc applied to the predicted chemical structure of a contracting pre-stellar core. We applied the same analysis to the chemically related C17O molecule.

Results. The observed HC17O+(1−0) and C17O(1−0) lines were successfully reproduced with a non-local thermal equilibrium (LTE) radiative transfer model applied to chemical model predictions for a contracting pre-stellar core. An upscaled velocity profile (by 30%) is needed to reproduce the HC17O+(1−0) observations.

Conclusions. The double peaks observed in the HC17O+(1−0) hyperfine components are due to the contraction motions at densities close to the critical density of the transition (~105 cm−3) and to the decreasing HCO+ fractional abundance towards the centre.
Post-processing of additive manufactured parts: a numerical strategy applied in maxillary implantology
Authors: Didier Paul , Le Coz Gael , Piotrowski Boris , Bravetti Pierre , Laheurte Pascal , Moufki Abdelhadi
Published: September 2022

To obtain a functional part from additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, some surfaces require post-processing by machining. An approach is developed using additive manufacturing supports as a clamping device for the milling operation. A model combining an analytical approach to determine the cutting forces with a finite element model (FEM) to predict the dynamical response of the workpiece-supports system is proposed. The complex structure of the supports is homogenized with a simplified geometry with equivalent stiffness and mechanical properties. A case study from the biomedical field is proposed: the finishing operation of a custom-made maxillary reconstruction plate is simulated. A parametric study is proposed with: (1) two different lattice geometries used as support structures; (2) up and down milling; (3) different depths of cut.
Spectra of closeness Laplacian and closeness signless Laplacian of graphs
Authors: Zheng Lu , Zhou Bo
Published: September 2022

For a graph G with vertex set V(G) and u, v ∈ V(G), the distance between vertices u and v in G, denoted by dG(u,v), is the length of a shortest path connecting them and it is ∞ if there is no such a path, and the closeness of vertex u in G is cG(u) = ∑w∈V(G)2-dG(u,w). Given a graph G that is not necessarily connected, for u, v∈V(G), the closeness matrix of G is the matrix whose (u,v)-entry is equal to 2-dG(u,v) if u≠v and 0 otherwise, the closeness Laplacian is the matrix whose (u,v)-entry is equal to

$$ \left\{\begin{array}{c}-{2}^{-{d}_G(u,v)}\hspace{1em}\mathrm{if}\enspace u\ne v,\enspace \\ \enspace {c}_G(u)\hspace{1em}\hspace{1em}\mathrm{otherwise}\hspace{0.5em}\end{array}\right.\hspace{0.5em} $$

and the closeness signless Laplacian is the matrix whose (u,v)-entry is equal to

$$ \left\{\begin{array}{c}{2}^{-{d}_G(u,v)}\hspace{1em}\hspace{1em}\&\mathrm{if}\enspace \mathrm{u}\ne \mathrm{v},\\ {c}_G(u)\hspace{1em}\hspace{1em}\mathrm{otherwise}.\end{array}\right. $$

We establish relations connecting the spectral properties of closeness Laplacian and closeness signless Laplacian and the structural properties of graphs. We give tight upper bounds for all nontrivial closeness Laplacian eigenvalues and characterize the extremal graphs, and determine all trees and unicyclic graphs that maximize the second smallest closeness Laplacian eigenvalue. Also, we give tight upper bounds for the closeness signless Laplacian eigenvalues and determine the trees whose largest closeness signless Laplacian eigenvalues achieve the first two largest values.
Anticoagulant Activity of Heparins from Different Animal Sources are Driven by a Synergistic Combination of Physical-chemical Factors
Authors: Oliveira Stephan N.M.C.G. , Tovar Ana M.F. , Bezerra Francisco F. , Piquet Adriana A. , Capillé Nina V. , Santos Paloma S. , Vilanova Eduardo , Mourão Paulo A.S.
Published: September 2022

Heparin has already been found in a variety of animal tissues but only few of them became effective sources for production of pharmaceutical preparations. Here, we correlate physical-chemical features and anticoagulant activities of structurally similar heparins employed in the past (from bovine lung, HBL), in the present (from porcine intestine, HPI) and in development for future use (from ovine intestine, HOI). Although they indeed have similar composition, our physical-chemical analyses with different chromatography and spectrometric techniques show that both HOI and HBL have molecular size notably lower than HPI and that the proportions of some of their minor saccharide components can vary substantially. Measurements of anticoagulant activities with anti-FIIa and anti-FXa assays confirmed that HPI and HOI have potency similar each other but significantly higher than HBL. Such a lower activity of HBL has been attributed to its reduced molecular size. Considering that HOI also has reduced molecular size, we find that its increased anticoagulant potency might result from an improved affinity to antithrombin (three times higher than HBL) promoted by the high content of N,3,6-trisulfated glucosamine units, which in turn are directly involved in the heparin-antithrombin binding. Therefore, the anticoagulant activity of different heparins is driven by a balance between different physical-chemical components, especially molecular size and fine-tuning composition. Although such minor but relevant chemical differences reinforce the concept that heparins from different animal sources should indeed be considered as distinct drugs, HOI could be approved for interchangeable use with the gold standard HPI and as a suitable start material for producing new LMWHs.
An evaluation of an Australia-based home Burglary prevention program
Authors: Manning Matthew , Wong Gabriel T. W. , Ip Melody
Published: September 2022

In response to an increase in the number of burglaries in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) from 2014 to 2020, the ACT government funded the development of a home-based Burglary prevention program. The aim of the program is to improve household security particularly for those properties at heightened risk of victimisation and re-victimisation. The program consisted of security assessments of properties and, based on assessments, installation of security devices for eligible program clients. Results from the evaluation reveal that the program produces positive benefits overall in terms of enhanced security, reduced risk of re-victimisation, improvement in perceived sense of personal security, and positive economic return on investment.
Symmetry properties of the ground state of the system of interacting spinless bosons
Authors: Tomchenko Maksim D.
Published: September 2022

We perform the symmetry analysis of the properties of the ground state of a finite system of interacting spinless bosons for the three most symmetric boundary conditions (BCs): zero BCs with spherical and circular symmetries, as well as periodic BCs. The symmetry of the system can lead to interesting properties. For instance, the density of a periodic Bose system is an exact constant: ρ(r) = const. Moreover, in the case of perfect spherical symmetry of BCs, the crystalline state cannot produce the Bragg peaks. The main result of the article is that symmetry properties and general quantum-mechanical theorems admit equally both crystalline and liquid ground state for a Bose system of any density.
A covariant Stinespring theorem
Authors: Verdon Dominic
Published: September 2022

We prove a finite-dimensional covariant Stinespring theorem for compact quantum groups. Let G be a compact quantum group, and let T≔Rep(G) be the rigid C*-tensor category of finite-dimensional continuous unitary representations of G. Let Mod(T) be the rigid C*-2-category of cofinite semisimple finitely decomposable T-module categories. We show that finite-dimensional G-C*-algebras can be identified with equivalence classes of 1-morphisms out of the object T in Mod(T). For 1-morphisms X:T→M1, Y:T→M2, we show that covariant completely positive maps between the corresponding G-C*-algebras can be “dilated” to isometries τ: X → Y ⊗ E, where E:M2→M1 is some “environment” 1-morphism. Dilations are unique up to partial isometry on the environment; in particular, the dilation minimizing the quantum dimension of the environment is unique up to a unitary. When G is a compact group, this recovers previous covariant Stinespring-type theorems.
The initial boundary value problem for the Vlasov–Poisson–Fokker–Planck system
Authors: Ma Xuan , He Fuli
Published: September 2022

This paper is devoted to the initial boundary value problem of the Vlasov–Poisson–Fokker–Planck system in a bounded domain. The global existence of a unique strong solution and its exponential convergence rate to the equilibrium state are proved under the specular reflection boundary condition. The proof is based on an elementary energy method and the SLp theory developed by Guo et al. [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 236(3), 1389–1454 (2020)] for kinetic models.
Effects of thin metal contacts on few-layer van der Waals ferrielectric CuInP2S6
Authors: O’Hara Andrew , Tao Lei , Neumayer Sabine M. , Maksymovych Petro , Balke Nina , Pantelides Sokrates T.
Published: September 2022

Out-of-plane polarized ferroelectric materials in a capacitive structure provide a key component for several technological applications. Furthermore, two-dimensional materials are expected to aid in the quest for both ultrathin and flexible electronics. Of the various two-dimensional ferroelectrics with out-of-plane polarization, CuInP2S6 is special in that the Cu atoms are highly mobile and it has been shown to possess both low- and high-polarization states. Using density-functional-theory calculations, we explore the stabilization of the ferroelectric state for several prototypical metal contacts (Gr, Ni, Cu, Au, and Ag). In all cases, we find that the ferroelectric state can be stabilized at fewer layers than in the freestanding case. For all of the considered conventional metal contacts, we also find the existence of a quasi-ferroelectric state that stabilizes a polar phase for thicknesses greater than two layers of CIPS. In the cases of Au and Ag, interfacial alignment and strain can be used to stabilize ferroelectricity at the bilayer limit. Furthermore, we find that the strength of the interaction between the contact and CuInP2S6 also leads to stabilization of the high-polarization state when ferroelectricity is stabilized. Lastly, energy-barrier calculations show that the system is still switchable in the presence of contact doping from the metal contacts.
Target recovery of the economic system based on the target reinforcement path method
Authors: Wang Ze , Ma Ning , Xue Leyang , Song Yukun , Wang Zhigang , Tang Renwu , Di Zengru
Published: September 2022

An effective and stable operation of an economic system leads to a prosperous society and sustainable world development. Unfortunately, the system faces inevitable perturbations of extreme events and is frequently damaged. To maintain the system's stability, recovering its damaged functionality is essential and is complementary to strengthening its resilience and forecasting extreme events. This paper proposes a target recovery method based on network and economic equilibrium theories to defend the economic system against perturbations characterized as localized attacks. This novel method stimulates a set of economic sectors that mutually reinforce damaged economic sectors and is intuitively named the target reinforcement path (TRP) method. Developing a nonlinear dynamic model that simulates the economic system's operation after being perturbed by a localized attack and recovering based on a target recovery method, we compute the relaxation time for this process to quantify the method's efficiency. Furthermore, we adopt a rank aggregation method to comprehensively measure the method's efficiency by studying the target recovery of three country-level economic systems (China, India, and Japan) for 73 different regional attack scenarios. Through a comparative analysis of the TRP method and three other classic methods, the TRP method is shown to be more effective and less costly. Applicatively, the proposed method exhibits the potential to recover other vital complex systems with spontaneous recovery ability, such as immune, neurological, and ecological systems.
An open-source automated magnetic optical density meter for analysis of suspensions of magnetic cells and particles
Authors: Welleweerd Marcel K. , Hageman Tijmen , Pichel Marc , van As Dave , Keizer Hans , Hendrix Jordi , Micheal Mina M. , Khalil Islam S. M. , Mir Alveena , Korkmaz Nuriye , Kräwinkel Robbert , Chevrier Daniel M. , Faivre Damien , Fernandez-Castane Alfred , Pfeiffer Daniel , Abelmann Leon
Published: September 2022

We present a spectrophotometer (optical density meter) combined with electromagnets dedicated to the analysis of suspensions of magnetotactic bacteria. The instrument can also be applied to suspensions of other magnetic cells and magnetic particles. We have ensured that our system, called MagOD, can be easily reproduced by providing the source of the 3D prints for the housing, electronic designs, circuit board layouts, and microcontroller software. We compare the performance of our system to existing adapted commercial spectrophotometers. In addition, we demonstrate its use by analyzing the absorbance of magnetotactic bacteria as a function of their orientation with respect to the light path and their speed of reorientation after the field has been rotated by 90°. We continuously monitored the development of a culture of magnetotactic bacteria over a period of 5 days and measured the development of their velocity distribution over a period of one hour. Even though this dedicated spectrophotometer is relatively simple to construct and cost-effective, a range of magnetic field-dependent parameters can be extracted from suspensions of magnetotactic bacteria. Therefore, this instrument will help the magnetotactic research community to understand and apply this intriguing micro-organism.
Measurements of magnetic field fluctuations in TJ-II plasmas with new in-vessel helical arrays of magnetic coils
Authors: Ascasíbar E. , Lapayese F. , Soleto A. , Jiménez-Denche A. , Cappa Á. , Pons-Villalonga P. , Portas A. B. , Martín G. , Barcala J. M. , García-Gómez R. , Chamorro M. , Cebrián L. , Antón R. , Bueno L. , Reynoso C. , Guisse V. , López-Fraguas A.
Published: September 2022

This paper describes two new helical arrays of magnetic coils recently installed inside the TJ-II vacuum vessel. Their main objective is the precise measurement of the spatial periodicity of the magnetohydrodynamic perturbations usually found in the TJ-II plasmas. Given the high probability of coil failures due to the harsh plasma environment and in view of the extremely difficult access to the TJ-II vessel interior for maintenance, the coil system has been divided in two quasi-identical helical arrays. Both arrays consist of 32 triaxial sensors measuring orthogonal components of the local magnetic field along an ideal helical path whose trajectory runs close to the plasma edge. A description of the main characteristics of coils and arrays as well as their nominal positioning along an ideal helical path, inside the vessel, is given. A precise experimental determination of the real spatial orientation of the coils is performed by comparing the signals measured in current ramp-up and ramp-down experiments with calculations based on a filamentary model for the TJ-II magnetic coils. After this fine calibration procedure, it is possible to analyze the dependence of the amplitude of the measured magnetic field and its fluctuations as a function of the coil distance to the last closed flux surface. The study of the phase evolution of the parallel and perpendicular oscillatory components is also enabled. Finally, two examples of mode number determination are shown. One corresponds to a low frequency mode appearing in pure electron cyclotron resonance heating plasma, and the other one shows several modes observed during combined injection of both co and counter neutral beams and identified as shear Alfvén waves.
Fission chamber data acquisition system for neutron flux measurements on the Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak Upgrade
Authors: Vincent C. , Allan S. , Naylor G. , Stephen R. , Bray S. , Thornton A. , Kirk A.
Published: September 2022

Neutron flux measurements are important in fusion devices for both safety requirements and physics studies. A new system has been built for the Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak Upgrade (MAST Upgrade) that provides neutron count, DC, and Campbell mode measurements for a 1 µs period at 1 MHz. The acquisition system uses a Red Pitaya board to sample current from two fission chambers mounted on the side of the MAST-U vessel. The system-on-chip design of the Zynq-7020 on the Red Pitaya also allows a web server implementation using Flask for data retrieval and diagnostic configuration over the MAST Upgrade network.
Divalent cation induced re-entrant condensation behavior for lipopolysaccharides
Authors: Frimpong Asante Obed , Xu Xiao , Jia Xu , Zhang Yuejun
Published: September 2022

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are negatively charged molecules covering the surface of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Adding divalent cations (DCs) is important to stabilize the LPS bilayer. Thus, DCs are always only considered as membrane stabilizing ions. Here, on the basis of a coarse-grained (CG) Martini force field, we conduct molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to study the divalent cation mediated LPS interaction and the stability of the LPS membrane in a wide range of DC concentrations. By measuring the LPS binding free energy and the LPS–LPS aggregate from the association course between two LPS molecules, we find that the initial addition of DCs may significantly facilitate the aggregation of LPSs into a compact structure, while sequentially adding more DCs only unpacks the LPS aggregate and drives the dissolution of LPSs. With an increasing concentration of DCs, we find a gradual replacement of DCs to monovalent cations as condensed counterions on the LPS, which follows a sign change from negative to positive in terms of the LPS effective charge and a switch of LPSs in solution from undergoing precipitation to resolubilization on adding DCs. This interaction change in the level of two LPSs accounts for the structure variation of the LPS assembly on a larger scale, where the LPS packing rigidity in the assembly bilayer is found with a similar nonmonotonic dependence with the DC concentration. Thus, our results demonstrate for the first time the presence of a re-entrant condensation behavior for LPS molecules, which can be exploited for developing novel membrane-perturbing agents based on multivalent ions as efficient GNB antibiotics.
Thin film evaporation: New insights with nanofluid inclusion and component of the electrostatic interactions
Authors: Dwivedi Ritesh , Singh Pawan Kumar
Published: September 2022

To assess the implications of the evaporating meniscus in microfluidic channels, extensive explorations have been going on to simulate the fluid flow behavior and the transport phenomena. The present work explores new insights into the evaporating meniscus after including the nanofluid (alumina + water) as a working fluid. This work first emphasizes encapsulation of the different components of the disjoining pressure that arises due to the interactions between the nanoparticles (Al2O3) and the nanoconfined polar liquid including the wall slip effect and later delineates the physics of the results obtained. The investigation will provide crucial insights through a comprehensive enumerated theoretical model comprised of the Young–Laplace equation, kinetic-theory-based mass transport, and the lubrication theory in the purview of evaporating nanofluid meniscus. This study also highlights the selection of the thin film thickness and the dispersion constant at the inception of the evaporation, as they cannot be chosen arbitrarily. A nondimensional approach is opted to explicate different facets of the thin film evaporation region. The results revealed that the nanofluid inclusion increases the overall heat transfer and the thickness of the evaporating meniscus. However, nullifying the combined effect of the electrostatic component of the disjoining pressure and wall slip will exaggerate the net increase in the heat transfer process and understate the increase in the thickness of the evaporating thin film, primarily if a polar liquid is used to unveil the characteristics of the evaporating nanofluid meniscus.
Supplementation of exogenous β-mannanase to low-protein diets improves feed conversion efficiency in lactating dairy cows
Authors: Kebreab E. , Mendez J. , Ji P. , Lee J.-J. , Seo S.
Published: September 2022

Context Supplementation of exogenous enzymes has been used to improve nutrient utilisation and reduce environmental impacts of excess nutrient release to the environment in swine, poultry and, to a lesser extent, ruminant production systems. Aims We aimed to determine effects of supplementation with a fibrolytic enzyme, β-mannanase, on feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and milk yield in cows fed a diet relatively low in crude protein (CP) concentration. Methods Twelve mid-lactation multiparous Holstein cows producing 40.5 ± 3.6 kg milk/day were assigned to three dietary treatments in a three-period crossover design. Treatment sequences were balanced using 3 × 3 Latin squares to mitigate possible carryover effects. Treatments, fed in a total mixed ration, were high CP (16.1%), low CP (14.6%), and low CP supplemented with commercially available β-mannanase at 0.1% of concentrate dry matter (DM). Key results β-Mannanase supplementation did not affect DM intake, milk yield, or milk component yield and composition. Milk urea-nitrogen was significantly lower in cows fed diets with low CP. Somatic cell counts were reduced in cows supplemented with β-mannanase compared with the other treatments. Apparent total tract digestibilities of DM, organic matter, CP, acid and neutral detergent fibre, starch and ash were unaffected by treatment. Cows receiving β-mannanase showed better FCE than those receiving high CP (13.4% improvement, P = 0.003) or unsupplemented low CP (11.0% improvement). Cows receiving β-mannanase used dietary CP more efficiently to synthesise milk protein than cows receiving high CP (milk protein:CP intake, 0.34 vs 0.30). Nitrogen intake was significantly reduced in the low CP treatments, leading to reduced fecal and urinary nitrogen excretions. Conclusion β-Mannanase supplementation at 0.1% of dietary DM improved FCE and lowered somatic cell counts of dairy cows without affecting milk yield or component yield and composition, while reducing nitrogen excretion. There were potential daily savings of US$1.03/cow compared with a high CP diet. Implications Improvement in FCE can be achieved along with reduced dietary CP content and somatic cell counts without compromising milk production through use of β-mannanase, suggesting a potential economic benefit. Furthermore, reductions in nitrogen excretions with low CP diets are beneficial to the environment.
Corrigendum to: Sequence capture data support the taxonomy of Pogonolepis (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) and show unexpected genetic structure
Authors: Schmidt-Lebuhn Alexander N.
Published: September 2022

Variation in breeding systems between species of the same taxonomic group complicates the consistent application of species concepts, and perhaps even the logically consistent circumscription of species. Several genera of arid-zone ephemerals in the Angianthus clade (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae: Gnaphaliinae) contain both outcrossing and non-outcrossing species. The latter are recognised by producing an order of magnitude fewer pollen grains per anther and an often reduced number of corolla lobes, and they are frequently more widespread than are the former. In its current taxonomy, the genus Pogonolepis comprises an otherwise morphologically indistinguishable pair of one outcrossing and one non-outcrossing species. I generated sequence capture data to test the genetic segregation of P. stricta and P. muelleriana and the utility of sequence capture data for species circumscription and diagnostics. Phylogenetic analysis showed the two species to form two specimen clades, supporting the current taxonomy. Contrary to expectations, non-outcrossing P. muelleriana exhibited lower gene concordance, in line with values expected from recombination, as well as higher heterozygosity than its outcrossing sister species. More research on the breeding system and population structure of the two species may be required to explain these results.
ALS mutations in the TIA-1 prion-like domain trigger highly condensed pathogenic structures
Authors: Sekiyama Naotaka , Takaba Kiyofumi , Maki-Yonekura Saori , Akagi Ken-ichi , Ohtani Yasuko , Imamura Kayo , Terakawa Tsuyoshi , Yamashita Keitaro , Inaoka Daigo , Yonekura Koji , Kodama Takashi S. , Tochio Hidehito
Published: September 2022

T cell intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) plays a central role in stress granule (SG) formation by self-assembly via the prion-like domain (PLD). In the TIA-1 PLD, amino acid mutations associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or Welander distal myopathy (WDM), have been identified. However, how these mutations affect PLD self-assembly properties has remained elusive. In this study, we uncovered the implicit pathogenic structures caused by the mutations. NMR analysis indicated that the dynamic structures of the PLD are synergistically determined by the physicochemical properties of amino acids in units of five residues. Molecular dynamics simulations and three-dimensional electron crystallography, together with biochemical assays, revealed that the WDM mutation E384K attenuated the sticky properties, whereas the ALS mutations P362L and A381T enhanced the self-assembly by inducing β-sheet interactions and highly condensed assembly, respectively. These results suggest that the P362L and A381T mutations increase the likelihood of irreversible amyloid fibrillization after phase-separated droplet formation, and this process may lead to pathogenicity.
Humour and self-interpreting in the media
Authors: Castillo Ortiz Pedro Jesús
Published: September 2022

While humour in translation has received a considerable degree of scholarly attention and new perspectives and methodologies keep advancing this field of study, it is a topic that is underexplored in the context of interpreting in general and self-interpreting in particular (Chiaro, 2002).

Humour in interpreting is most visible in the media, particularly in the so-called infotainment genre (Katan and Straniero Sergio, 2001). Given the live and immediate nature of interpreting, it is widely acknowledged by practitioners and trainers alike that interpreting humour is one of the biggest challenges for interpreters (Pavlicek and Pöchhacker, 2002, Pöchhacker, 1995), with the live broadcast setting only adding further stress. But what happens when self-interpreting is consciously used as an intrinsic part of a late-night comedy show? To what extent is it part of the production of humour? And can this type of mediation be explored through the lenses of interpreting standards (c.f. Darwish, 2006) and ethics (Katan and Straniero Sergio, 2003)? These are the key questions that this paper aims to tackle by looking at a case study of a self-interpreted interview (English-Spanish) by the host of a popular Spanish late-night show: La Resistencia on Movistar TV, hosted by David Broncano.

The data will be explored via the theoretical frames of the communicative ethos of broadcasting (Scannell, 1988) and the authenticity contract (Enli, 2015). Studies have shown how interpreting is heavily impacted and framed by the broader communicative context and, whether organised ad hoc or as an intrinsic part of the production, the interpreter-mediated interaction becomes part of the ethos of the broadcaster, with submerged discourses and ideologies in place (cf. Gieve and Norton, 2007, Katan and Straniero Sergio, 2003, and Castillo Ortiz, 2015b). By applying Conversation Analysis to the bilingual interaction in the broadcast, this study aims to unveil the mechanisms used to integrate self-interpreting into the comedy programme and highlight patterns that may contribute to a conceptualisation of this type of socially situated practice which moves beyond normative views of TV interpreting.
Low coherency of wind induced seismic noise: implications for gravitational wave detection
Authors: Satari Hamid , Blair Carl , Ju Li , Blair David , Zhao Chunnong , Saygin Erdinc , Meyers Patrick , Lumley David
Published: September 2022

Seismic noise poses challenges for gravitational wave detection. Effective vibration isolation and methods to subtract unshieldable Newtonian noise (NN) are examples. Seismic arrays offer one way to deal with these issues by making use of correlations between seismic ground measurements and noise inside the detector. In this paper we find that wind induced seismic noise is incoherent and our results show that it can dramatically reduce the projected low frequency sensitivity of future gravitational wave detectors. To quantify this, we measure the coherence length of wind induced seismic noise from 0.06–20 Hz in three distinct locations: close to a building, among tall trees and in shrubs. We show that wind induced seismic noise is ubiquitous and reduces the coherence lengths from several hundred meters to 2–40 m for 0.06–0.1 Hz, from

>

60 m to 3–16 m for 1.5–2.5 Hz and from

>

35 m to 1–16 m around 16.6 Hz in the study area. This leads to significant loss of velocity resolution of the array for primary microseism and 5 times worse NN cancellation by Wiener filtering at 2 Hz, while it may not pose additional limitation to NN cancellation between 10–20 Hz.
Infrared stealth and the flexible metasurface of radar backscattering suppression
Authors: Zhang Weibin , Xu Cuilian , Cheng A’ni , Fan Qi , Wang Jiafu , Qu Shaobo
Published: September 2022

Based on the principle of electromagnetic wave cancellation, this paper proposes a coded metasurface which can suppress both radar backscattering and infrared radiation. Two high duty ratio superstructures with two different structures are designed and coded units are worked out on the basis of this. The experimental results indicate that the metasurface can effectively suppress the backscattering of electromagnetic waves in the 8.6–16.3 GHz band, and the average emissivity at infrared atmospheric window is 0.43. At the same time, it has good heat insulation performance, which can effectively suppress infrared radiation. In addition, the metasurface has light mass and flexibility. Therefore, the metasurface has a good prospect for application in the multispectral stealth field.
Surface plasmon resonance-enhanced broadband perfect absorption in a Ti3C2Tx-based metamaterial absorber
Authors: Ruan Jiu Fu , Tao Zhi , Zhu Da Wei , Meng Zi Fan , Pan Sheng Min
Published: September 2022

The absorption band in which near-unity or perfect absorption can be realized is still narrow in the current broadband metamaterial absorbers (BMAs). In this article, a broadband perfect metamaterial absorber (BPMA) based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed for the visible and near-infrared range. The BPMA composed of a patterned Ti3C2Tx layer, SiO2 layer and the ground gold layer can offer over 90% absorption across the wavelength range of 639–967 nm. It is worth noting that near-unity absorption can be achieved in the range 728–890 nm, which is out of reach by the currently reported BMA. The electric field distribution reveals that localized SPR generated by the Ti3C2Tx layer contributes to the broadband perfect absorption. Additionally, the BPMA is insensitive to incident and polarized angles at TE and TM modes. The calculated results based on interference theory agree well with the simulation results, thus supporting the design. This work may provide a potential approach to broadband perfect absorption in the visible and near-infrared region.
Comment on ‘The egg steamer paradox’
Authors: Parks Beth
Published: September 2022

A recent paper correctly resolves the paradox of the egg steamer and shares interesting experiments that students can perform. Errors in its argument in favour of this resolution are corrected here.
Integrated trispectrum detection from BOSS DR12 NGC CMASS
Authors: Gualdi Davide , Verde Licia
Published: September 2022

We present the first detection of the integrated trispectrum (i-trispectrum) monopole and quadrupoles signal from BOSS CMASS NGC DR12. Extending the FKP estimators formalism to the Fourier transform of the four-point correlation function, we test shot-noise subtraction, Gaussianity of the i-trispectrum data-vector, significance of the detection and similarity between the signal from the data and from the galaxy mock catalogues used to numerically estimate the covariance matrix. Using scales corresponding to modes from minimum k
min = 0.03 h/Mpc to maximum k
max = 0.15 h/Mpc, we find a detection in terms of distance from the null hypothesis of (10.4,5.2,8.3,1.1,3.1) σ-intervals for the i-trispectrum monopole 𝒯(0) and quadrupoles (𝒯(2000),𝒯(0200),𝒯(0020),𝒯(0002)) respectively. This quantifies the presence of the physical signal of the four-points statistics on BOSS data. For completeness
the same analysis is also performed for power spectrum and bispectrum, both monopoles and quadrupoles.
Tailoring the pulse train of an optical frequency comb with a magnetized atomic medium
Authors: Yan Yang , Yuan Jinpeng , Wang Lirong , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang
Published: September 2022

Selecting specific modes from the complete pulse train of optical frequency comb (OFC) is helpful in ultra-narrow linewidth laser preparation. Here, the mode selector for a commercial OFC based on the magnetized atomic medium is demonstrated in both theory and experiment. Only the comb modes with specific frequencies experience polarization rotation because of the Faraday effect, thus the mode tailoring can be realized by eliminating unchanged OFC modes via polarization selection. The theory study demonstrates the rich tunability of this device, and three specifically chosen operating conditions validate the system’s characteristics. The selected pulse group is distinguished in both optical and frequency spectrum, where spectral differences and bandwidth can be observed accordingly. Further, the selected pulse group and a continuous-wavelength laser stimulate an electromagnetically induced transparency spectrum in the hyperfine Paschen–Back regime to show the pulse group characteristics in detail. The method proposed provides the experimental foundation for producing narrow linewidth lasers from a polychromatic source with tailored results retaining the excellent characteristics of the original.
Towards explanation of ‘broad’ and ‘narrow’ ECRH regimes observed in the GDT experiment
Authors: Shalashov A.G. , Gospodchikov E.D. , Khusainov T.A. , Solomakhin A.L. , Yakovlev D.V. , Bagryansky P.A.
Published: September 2022

In the experiments with combined ECRH and NBI plasma heating started at the GDT facility (Budker Institute) in 2014, two quite different scenarios of plasma discharges were realized. The first one was characterized by a broad radial distribution of the absorbed ECRH power and a stable plasma with improved energy confinement of fast ions, while in the other the electron temperature profile was highly peaked with local values of T
e > 500 eV, but plasma was susceptible to low-frequency instabilities that had a net negative effect on confinement. We discuss the first theoretical explanation of these phenomena. Essentially different temperature profiles are considered as a result of self-consistent evolution in time after the ECRH is switched on. To explore this concept, we combine an advanced quasi-optical model for the calculation of microwave power absorption with a simple transport model describing electron energy balance in a gas-dynamic trap.
Exponential sum of the first kind
Authors: Kiran Babu E , Raghavendra Prasad V , Rajasekhara Goud Y
Published: September 2022

This paper is mainly concerned with a new exponential sum which unifies Unitary Ramanujan sum and Unitary Nagell’s Totient function. A formula for this sum and Holder equality are obtained using the structure of certain classes of integers.
Fuzzy inventory model without shortages using GMI approach
Authors: Vasanthi P , Ranganayaki S , Kasthuri R
Published: September 2022

The aim of this research work is to come out with an inventory model without shortages involving set-up cost and holding cost as imprecise variables. The uncertainty is chosen as fuzzy number in triangularized form and the graded mean integration method is applied to defuzzify the parameters. The effect of defuzzification is explained by analyzing for different input values through numerical examples.
Results on Graph Energy
Authors: G Sangeetha , Kavitha J
Published: September 2022

Adjacency matrix A(G)=[aij] yields the graph energy, which is equal to the addition of absolute values of the eigenvalues G. This research investigates the energy graph class in terms of another graph class after removing a vertex. After deleting a vertex, a relationship between the energy of a complete graph E[kn
] and energy of a splitting graph E(S’ [kn
]) is discovered.
Influence of Body Acceleration and Slip Velocity on Fluid Flow in a Multi-Stenotic Artery
Authors: Asha K N , Srivastava Neetu
Published: September 2022

Blockage of arteries by the formation of plaques causing stenosis is a major health problem among human beings.In this study, a model is developed for the flow through a multi-stenosed elastic artery segment under the effect of body acceleration and slip velocity. Fluid is regarded as Non-Newtonian Bingham Plastic Fluid. The equations representing the model are solved analytically using Perturbation Method. Result is discussed for velocity, wall shear stress and volumetric flow rate by varying several parameters like pulse frequency, slip parameter and Womersley Frequency parameter graphically.
Design and Analysis of a Compact Hydraulic Bolt Tensioner
Authors: Kumar G Chethan , Reddy Mungara Srinivas , Sanjan Joseph
Published: September 2022

In equipment like high pressure vessels, there will caps on which loads of the order of several thousands of tons acts. Such caps require a huge number of big-diameter bolts, often M70 to M150mm in diameter. Each bolt will be subjected to a tremendous amount of force, on the order of 300 tons. The use of hand-operated wrenches to apply such a load is deemed out. When a high number of bolts are tightened on the flange, the applied load is lost owing to friction at the clamping surface and the applied load is not uniform. It is advised that a hydraulic bolt tensioning system be used to address these drawbacks. The device operates at a pressure of 1500 bar, which is extremely high. Therefore, the equipment must be designed to ensure the device’s compactness and safety. Bolt tensioners are used to tighten bolts and studs in a variety of important applications. These devices would be imported. It was proposed in this work that a small hydraulic bolt tensioner be designed and analysed using both theoretical and finite element analysis (Non-liner static analysis). The required boundary conditions and applied pressure were computed. The tensioner’s design was optimized to assure its safety and compactness.
Temperature Effect On Reactive Powder Concrete Using Sillimanite As Fine Aggregate
Authors: Sophia M , Soundarya N
Published: September 2022

This study examines the use of sillimanite as a fine aggregate in the production of temperature-resistant reactive powder concrete. The impact of high temperatures on the mechanical strength of reactive powder concrete with High Alumina cement is investigated. The effectiveness of utilizing glass powder and sillimanite on the mechanical properties of RPC at high temperatures is investigated in this research. The samples were heated in the muffle furnace to the desired temperatures and then tested for their residual compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength. The residual values of compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength were measured at the temperature of 270C to 800°C. The weight loss of the specimens after exposure to the elevated temperatures was measured and the values showed enhanced resistance to the high temperature effects. The results demonstrate the greater contribution of glass powder and sillimanite towards the significant improvement of high temperature strength of reactive powder concrete than those made with normal quartz sand as fine aggregate.
Effect of substrate type on the lattice structure of AlN thin films annealed at high temperature
Authors: Dong Ling , Li Yang , Jiang Hongchuan , Zhao Xiaohui , Zhang Wanli
Published: September 2022

To measure the surface temperature of aerospace hot-end components accurately, AlN thin film temperature measurement technology is being explored. The core of this temperature measurement technology is the evolution law of the lattice structure with temperature, but the influence of substrate on its lattice structure is still unclear. In this research, C-axis preferred orientation AlN thin films were deposited on Ni-based superalloy and quartz glass substrates by Mid-frequency reactive magnetron sputtering. The effect of substrate type on the lattice structure of annealed AlN thin films was investigated. It was found that with the increase of temperature, the lattice structure parameters (2θ) of AlN thin films deposited on Ni-based superalloy gradually shifted to the left, while those of AlN thin films deposited on quartz glass keep a constant until 1300 °C. The results reveal that quartz glass substrate has no influence on the lattice structure of AlN thin films as long as the temperature is lower than 1300 °C. Quartz glass substrates are suitable for follow-up research of AlN thin film temperature measurement technology.
Effect of annealing on morphology of Si based Ge quantum dots grown by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Shu Qijiang , Zhang Xicheng , Wang Zhan , Wang Zhi
Published: September 2022

Silicon-based germanium quantum dots (Ge/Si QDs) have shown important application potential in optoelectronic devices due to their excellent properties, which made their controllable growth of morphology and structure become a research hotspot in recent years. This paper discussed the morphological evolution of Ge/Si QDs undergone different annealing, such as natural cooling, in-situ annealing followed by natural cooling, natural cooling followed by rising temperature for annealing, and natural cooling followed by moving the sample into a rapid annealing furnace for annealing. The formation process of QDs was analyzed based on the measurement results of atomic force microscope (AFM) and the thermodynamic and kinetic theories of thin film growth. The results showed that the influence of in-situ annealing in magnetron sputtering growth chamber on the morphology of QDs was different from that of annealing in rapid furnace due to the great difference of temperature-time curves between the two processes. Surprisingly, high-density and small-size Ge/Si QDs can be produced by using a process of in-situ natural cooling followed by rapid annealing, which provided a new idea for the preparation of high-quality QDs used for future devices.
Rebalance and Smear for multi-jet background estimation
Authors: Bein Samuel , Sander Christian
Published: September 2022

For particle collider searches for physics beyond the Standard Model in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum, events from QCD multi-jet processes are an important and challenging background contribution. The CMS and ATLAS experiments have previously developed data-driven methods designed to succeed where Monte Carlo methods suffer large theoretical and experimental uncertainties. One such method is Rebalance and Smear (R&S), which predicts QCD backgrounds by applying a series of folding and unfolding techniques to data control regions. A top-to-bottom description of the R&S method is presented, along with a discussion of its applicability and limitations. A software application is provided that performs the R&S method using public, non-proprietary tools, interfacing with data sets produced by Delphes3. In general, the method is suitable for predicting multi-jet backgrounds in searches for stable non-detectable particles, such as dark matter candidates. A case study is carried out in simulated events of proton-proton collisions at √s = 14 TeV in the context of a potential search for Higgsino dark matter produced in the decay products of supersymmetric quark partners. Sources of potential bias are explored and prescriptions for evaluating systematic uncertainties are suggested.