bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA ASESORÍA DEL PROGRAMA DE APOYO CURRICULAR Y EVALUACIÓN DE LOS APRENDIZAJES (PACE) EN TORNO A LA EVALUACIÓN DE LOS APRENDIZAJES: ALCANCES Y RETOS DESDE LA PLANIFICACIÓN CURRICULAR INSTITUCIONAL. THE ADVICE AROUND THE LEARNING EVALUATION OF THE PROGRAMA
Authors: Umaña-Mata Ana Cristina , Calvo-Cruz Xinia , Salas-Quirós Natalia , Jiménez-Aragón Laura , Soto-Soto Suzanne , Gómez-Avalos Guiselle , Fallas-Zúñiga Melba
Published: January 2021

El Programa de Apoyo Curricular y Evaluación de los Aprendizajes (PACE) de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) es la instancia que asesora a nivel institucional en el ámbito curricular. Como parte de la asesoría, este Programa considera la evaluación de los aprendizajes, tema prioritario en la educación a distancia y sobre el cual se centrará la presente sistematización.A la fecha, el personal de esta instancia hace esfuerzos sustantivos mediante la investigación de la temática, en aras de generar conocimientos para asesorar procesos y emitir criterios curriculares a las diversas solicitudes realizadas, así como elaborar documentos que apoyen la labor pedagógica en el ámbito mencionado, entre otros aspectos de importancia.Palabras claves: asesoría curricular, evaluación de los aprendizajes, diseño curricular, criterio curricular, producción académica.AbstractPrograma de Apoyo Curricular y Evaluación de los Aprendizajes (PACE) of the Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), is the department in charge of the curriculum advisory at institutional level. As part of the advice that performs, it is considered the evaluation of learning a priority in distance education and the intention of this systematization will focus on that.To date this instance staff makes substantive efforts through research on the topic, in order to generate knowledge to advice processes, give curricular criteria to different requests, as well as the elaboration of documents that support the educational work in the area in mention, among other things of importance.Keywords: curriculum advisory, evaluation of learning, curriculum design, curricular criteria, academic production.
LA EVALUACIÓN DE LOS APRENDIZAJES COMO UNA OPORTUNIDAD PARA APRENDER. LA PERSPECTIVA DEL ESTUDIANTADO. LEARNING’S EVALUATION AS AN OPPORTUNITY TO PERFORM (LEARN). STUDENT’S PERSPECTIVE.
Authors: Villalta-Naranjo Bryan A. , Esquivel-Solís Carolina , Sáenz-Solís Isamer , Artavia-Díaz Karla Y. , Chaves-Montero María L.
Published: January 2021

La evaluación de los aprendizajes es fundamental en el proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje de la población estudiantil, por tal motivo no se debe ver la evaluación  como exclusivamente cuantitativa, ya que esta no mide la cantidad de conocimiento que tiene cada estudiante sobre un tema; en la práctica es donde se observa cuánto aprendizaje ha adquirido el estudiante.Por esta razón, la evaluación funciona para el estudiantado y para la persona docente como una oportunidad para aprender, ya que el proceso que se lleva a cabo en la educación involucra a ambos: deben ir de la mano y de esta forma van a aprovechar y obtener un aprendizaje significativo en cada experiencia que tengan.Para el estudiantado es esencial que la Universidad le dé la importancia que verdaderamente merece y la evaluación funciona como la base de todo este proceso académico.Palabras claves: evaluación, aprendizaje, contenidos, actividades, estudiantado, enseñanza, tutor.
PERFIL SOCIO DEMOGRÁFICO Y ACADÉMICO-CULTURAL DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DE NUEVO INGRESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS, PERIODO 2010-2014.
Authors: Sancho-Ugalde Hilda María , Vanegas-Pissa Juan Carlos
Published: January 2021

La Unidad de Aseguramiento de la Calidad de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED) inició el programa de análisis de las características de la población estudiantil de nuevo ingreso, con el objetivo de proporcionar un insumo a las cátedras de la universidad para diseñar estrategias metodológicas conducentes a mejorar las habilidades requeridas para alcanzar el logro de los objetivos de formación, y prevenir las situaciones de abandono de los estudios.  Mediante un formulario estructurándose recolectó información sobre el perfil sociodemográfico y se determinó el índice académico-cultural de las cohortes entre el 2010 y 2014.  Los resultados indican las fortalezas y las debilidades estudiantiles y sirve de base para la gestión, en el ámbito académico, de los planes de estudios. AbstractThe UCIMED Quality Assurance Unit began in 2010 the analysis of characteristics of the incoming student population in order to provide an input to the chair of the university to design leading methodological strategies to improve required skills to achieve the training objectives, and prevent situation of dropout. Using a structured formulary, the socio demography profile and academic-cultured index of cohorts between 2010 and 2014 were collected. The results indicate the strengths and weaknesses of the student population and provide bases of management of the academic curriculum.Keywords: student profile, academic-cultural index, dropout.
PROPUESTA DE UN VIDEO DE INDUCCIÓN COMO MEDIO PARA LA SISTEMATIZACIÓN DE EXPERIENCIAS Y PRODUCCIÓN DE MATERIALES DIDÁCTICOS.
Authors: Ulate-Sánchez de Brooke, Rosita
Published: January 2021

El propósito de esta ponencia es presentar algunos de los resultados de la tercera etapa de la investigación realizada como disertación aplicada ante NOVA Southeastern University: Valoración participativa de las características tecnicopedagógicas y usos académicos de un material multimedial de las giras de campo. El producto tangible final del estudio fue la producción de un video para la asignatura Prevención y Combate de Incendios Forestales de la carrera Manejo de Recursos Naturales (MARENA) de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), como parte de un proceso de sistematización de experiencias.  La disertación se realizó bajo la modalidad de investigación mixta, dividida en cuatro etapas consecutivas y con un diseño del Análisis de Múltiples Criterios (ACM) en el que se integraron datos cualitativos y cuantitativos. En las dos primeras etapas del estudio los actores sociales (participantes del estudio) definieron las características técnico-pedagógicas y el uso académico que se le dio al video producido para una asignatura de MARENA. La tercera etapa se enfocó en el diseño y producción de un material multimedial, con lo que se demostró la posibilidad de utilizar la sistematización de experiencias, de eventos previos, en la creación de materiales didácticos, en este caso un video de inducción a una gira de campo. AbstractThis paper presents results related to a phase of the investigation developed as a dissertation at Nova Southeastern University: Participatory evaluation of technical and pedagogical characteristics and academic uses of multimedia material for field trips. The aim  of the study was the production of a video for the course Prevención y Combate de Incendios Forestales, as part of the Program Manejo de Recursos Naturales( MARENA) at the Universidad Estatal a Distancia in Costa Rica (UNED).  The research was a mixed method study in four consecutive stages with a Multi-Criteria Analysis (ACM) design in which qualitative and quantitative data were integrated. In the first two stages of the study, social actors (study participants) defined technical / pedagogical characteristics and the academic use to be given to the produced video for field trips of MARENA. The third stage focused on the design and production of the multimedia material. It was shown the possibility of using the systematization of experiences prior to the creation of teaching materials events, demonstrated in this case with an induction video for a field trip.Keywords: Systematization of experiences, video, multimedia material, inductionactivities
PRINCIPIOS CONSTRUCTIVISTAS PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE UNA MEDIACIÓN PEDAGÓGICA APLICADA A PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDAD CARDIOVASCULAR.
Authors: Salas-Cabrera Jorge
Published: January 2021

Durante muchos años la rehabilitación cardiaca se ha convertido en un servicio de salud que facilita la recuperación de los pacientes con problemas cardiovasculares. Este servicio se encarga de estructurar un programa de ejercicio físico que involucra aspectos educativos de la forma saludable de alimentarse de cada persona, el apoyo social que se enfoca específicamente en la familia y amigos cercanos, el tiempo conveniente para mantener relaciones sexuales con su pareja y el control de situaciones que le generen estrés, depresión o ansiedad. Sin embargo, el abordaje que se realiza desde lo educativo se ha trabajado bajo el modelo conductual; el mismo provoca modificaciones en los hábitos de vida saludables a corto plazo y solo mientras se está en contacto permanente con la persona especialista. El propósito de este estudio es recopilar una serie de principios del modelo constructivista como herramientas para la elaboración de una mediación pedagógica aplicada a pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular. AbstractFor many years, cardiac rehabilitation has become a health service which facilitates recovery of patients with cardiovascular problems, this service is responsible for structuring a program of physical exercise that also involves educational aspects including eating habits, social support, sexual and psycho-emotional issues, However, the educational approach has been delivered using the behavioral model,  which helps with short term changes in lifestyle habits and only while in constant contact with the specialist. The purpose of this study was to compile a set of principles of the constructivist model as tools for the development of a pedagogical mediation applied to patients with cardiovascular disease.Keywords: constructivism, cardiac rehabilitation, cardiac patients, education, principles
UN ACERCAMIENTO AL APRENDIZAJE DE LAS PERSONAS ADULTAS: APUNTES PARA RE-PENSAR LA MEDIACIÓN PEDAGÓGICA.
Authors: Obando-Leiva Wendy , Salas-Soto Marianela
Published: January 2021

La Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), como institución dedicada a ofrecer una educación que promueva el desarrollo integral de personas que, en su mayoría, se encuentran en la etapa de adultez se fundamenta en un modelo pedagógico que considera dentro de sus principios características propias del nivel cognitivo, afectivo y social de las personas aprendientes que están vinculadas a los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. En sus inicios, la población de esta universidad estaba representada por personas ubicadas dentro de la mediana edad, pero al pasar los años el porcentaje de estudiantes universitarios adultos jóvenes (menores de treinta años) ha ido aumentando. Ante esta situación interesa recoger evidencias de la existencia de diferencias específicas en la educación durante esta etapa, con el fin de reconocer los retos que representa la mediación de experiencias para la educación superior con dicha población.AbstractThe Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) is an institution committed to the education of adults based on a pedagogical model which principles embrace aspects that considers within its principles, own cognitive, affective and social level of the learners who are involved in the teaching-learning. At the foundation of this university, its population was represented by middle aged students; however, along the years, the percentage of young adults (under 30 years) that are part of its student body, has increased. Having noticed this peculiarity, it is important to gather evidence regarding existing specific differences in the education at this stage, and in that way, identify the challenges that the mediation of experiences for such population represents for the tertiary education.Keywords: tertiary education; distance education; pedagogical mediation; lifecycle; adulthood
EL DERECHO A LA EDUCACIÓN EN COSTA RICA: ENTRE LA REALIDAD Y LA UTOPIA.
Authors: Rodríguez-Ramírez Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2021

Con base en el concepto de educación adoptado por la UNESCO y la ONU, el artículo  se enfoca en el derecho a la educación en el ámbito costarricense, con el propósito de realizar un balance crítico sobre su estado actual.AbstractBased on the concept of education adopted by UNESCO and the UN, this article focuses on the right to education in the Costa Rican context, in order to make a critical assessment of the current status.Keywords: Education; political; state; budget; childhood; adolescence
UNA VISIÓN SOBRE LA CALIDAD DE LA ATENCIÓN A LAS PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD EN LA UNED.
Authors: Solano-Castro Adrián , Zeledón-Solano Jorge
Published: January 2021

Este artículo trata sobre la capacitación del personal docente de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica en la atención de personas con discapacidad. Esta investigación se basa en una encuesta de carácter descriptivo y su objetivo es diagnosticar la actitud y la experiencia de los profesores y las profesoras de la UNED con relación a la población estudiantil que presenta alguna discapacidad. Se concluye que para lograr una atención de calidad se debe incrementar la especialización de los profesores y las profesoras en la atención a estudiantes con discapacidad.AbstractThe present article deals with training to professors at Distance State University of Costa Rica in the topic of adequate attention to people with special needs. A descriptive research was carried out. The objective of the research was to diagnose UNED professors’ attitude as well as experience related to students with any kind of impairment. It was concluded that in order to give quality attention, it is necessary to increase the expertise of professors when it comes to deal with students with disabilities.Keywords: Management, Quality of education, people with disabilities, training, distance education
LA EDUCACIÓN EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA SOCIEDAD ACTUAL
Authors: Ambrosy-Velarde Ingrid L.
Published: January 2021

El contexto de la sociedad actual se desarrolla en medio de una corriente de avances tecnológicos, científicos y productivos y otra de aplazamiento de la justicia, la igualdad y la paz. En algunas regiones, como Latinoamérica, aún hace falta mucho por hacer  para reducir problemas que tanto afectan la  calidad de vida de sus habitantes y lo alejan de una convivencia pacífica. Ante estas situaciones, la sociedad necesita tomar consciencia de qué tipo de ciudadano espera formar y además, qué tipo de competencias tiene que promover a través del sistema educativo. Para lograrlo, es preciso que se unan estado, sector productivo, gestores académicos, profesores y comunidad, para que se cuente con una base económica, política y administrativa, así como con las herramientas para formar competencias elementales tales como  el conocimiento personal y social, la autoevaluación, renovación, solidaridad, identidad local y mundial, el aprender a aprender, la convivencia, enfrentar la complejidad, conciencia del deterioro ambiental y habilidades para la producción científica, que se reflejarán en ciudadanos comprometidos con la paz y la igualdad de la región. Palabras clave: fines de la educación, educación para la paz. AbstractThe context of contemporary society unfolds amid a stream of technological, scientific and production advances and other deferral of justice, equity and peace. In some regions, such as Latin America is still needed to be done reducing both problems that affects the quality of life of its inhabitants and away them from peaceful coexistence. In these situations, society needs to become aware of what kind of city hopes to form and also what kind of skills you need to advance through the educational system. To achieve this, we need to join state, productive sector, academic managers, teachers and community, to be counted with a political and administrative economic base, as well as tools to form basic skills such as personal and social knowledge self-assessment , renovation , solidarity, global and local identity, learning to learn, coexist, facing to complexity, awareness of environmental degradation and skills to scientific production, which will be reflected in committed to equity and peace citizens in the region . Keywords:  Purposes of Education; Education for peace.
MODELO PARA LA INVESTIGACIÓN COMPARATIVA ENTRE UNIVERSIDADES DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA, ABIERTAS O EN LÍNEA
Authors: Abarca-Chinchilla Alexandra María , Azofeifa-Retana Jennifer , Brenes-Villalobos Ana Cristina
Published: January 2021

Dada la necesidad de contar con un modelo que supere los principales vacíos que, a nivel histórico-metodológico, se han identificado en estudios comparativos de educación a distancia y que vayan más allá de la mera descripción de situaciones o contextos educativos; en el Programa de Investigación en Fundamentos de Educación a Distancia (PROIFED) surge el interés de proponer un modelo para realizar este tipo de estudios, con el fin de desarrollarlos en redes flexibles de profesionales, que promuevan el intercambio de información para conocer cómo otras universidades dirigen y resuelven sus situaciones de conflicto y cómo proyectan su quehacer en la educación a distancia, abierta o en línea.  Se dispone el presente modelo, el cual procura ser integrador y articulado; abierto o adaptativo a algunos requerimientos específicos que la persona investigadora requiera, con el fin de fortalecer y promover el mejoramiento del modelo de educación a distancia de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), Costa Rica.Palabras clave: Educación a distancia, Educación en línea, Educación abierta, Educología comparativa, Estudios comparativos, Red de profesionales.AbstractThe Research Program on Fundamentals of Distance Education of UNED Costa Rica proposes an analytical model for the generation of comparative studies among open, online and distance education universities and institutions. This model is intended to satisfy a historical and methodological vacuum identified in comparative studies that are usually limited to the mere descriptions of educational contexts and situations. The comparative studies proposed by this model, on the other hand, are thought to be developed by professionals assembled in flexible networks and to promote the exchange of information about the ways in which open, online and distance education universities confront and resolve their situational conflicts and how these universities project their work. This model for comparative studies is designed to be open, adaptable to specific requirements of researchers, and to strengthen and promote the improvement of the distance education model of UNED Costa Rica.Keywords: Distance learning, Online education, Open education, Comparative educology, Comparative studies, Professional networking
Is Viral Co-infection A Risk Factor For Severe Lower Respiratory Tract Infection? A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Eşki Aykut , Öztürk Gökçen Kartal , Çiçek Candan , Gülen Figen , Demir Esen
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine whether viral coinfection is a risk for severe
lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). Working Hypothesis: Children
with viral coinfection had a higher risk for admission to the intensive
care unit (ICU) than those with a single virus infection. Study Design:
Retrospective, observational study for ten years. Patient-Subject
Selection: Children between 1-60 months of age hospitalized with LRTI.
Methodology: We defined severe LRTI as admission to the ICU for
high-flow nasal cannula oxygen/bilevel positive airway pressure/invasive
ventilation and assessed demographic and laboratory data with potential
risk factors from the patients’ medical records. Results: Of 2115
children hospitalized with LRTI, 562 had severe, and 1553 had mild
disease. Viral coinfection was present in 28.3% of all patients, and
those with viral coinfection were at a higher risk of severe LRTI than
those with a single virus infection (43.8% vs. 22.7%; aOR, 3.44; 95%
CI, 2.74-4.53). Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (except
for between 25-60 months) coinfections were associated with severe LRTI
in all ages, whereas parainfluenza virus-3 (PIV3; 7-24 months) and
bocavirus (7-12 months) coinfections led to severe LRTI in early
childhood. Moreover, influenza-A coinfection caused severe LRTI in
children between 7-12 and 25-60 months. Other risk factors included
young age, prematurity, history of atopy, exposure to tobacco smoke,
underlying condition, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and high CRP value.
Conclusion: Children with viral coinfection, particularly with
rhinovirus, RSV, influenza-A, PIV3, and bocavirus, may be followed
closely regarding the clinical changes.
Left bundle branch pacing in patients with right bundle branch block
Authors: Zhu Kailun , Sun Yali , Cai Binni , Li Linlin , Li Guiyang , Liu Jianghai , Wan Xingcai , Chang Dong , Li Qiang
Published: January 2021

Abstract Background The paced morphology of right bundle branch block
(RBBB) pattern is one of the parameters which can be used to confirm the
left bundle branch capture during left bundle branch pacing (LBBP)
implantation. However, changes of paced morphology after LBBP performed
in patients with RBBB have not been well discussed. Objective To compare
the paced morphology in patients with RBBB before and after LBBP and to
discuss the possible mechanisms behind such changes. Methods Patients
with RBBB who underwent LBBP implantation were selected. The QRS
duration was measured before and after the implantation of LBBP for each
patient and compared Student t test. Results We included 34 consecutive
patients (median age 72.76 years, 73.53% male), of whom 3 had sick
sinus syndrome (SSS) and 31 had high-grade atrioventricular conduction
block (AVB). The average QRS duration was 144.87±5.22ms before LBBP
implantation and 116.18±6.15ms after LBBP implantation, with a mean
decrease in QRS duration of 28.70±3.30ms (95% CI: 27.55-29.85 ms, P
< 0.01). Conclusion In patients with RBBB, the QRS duration
after LBBP is narrower than that before LBBP. The specific mechanism is
still unclear.
Left Ventricular Systolic Dyssynchrony Index and Endothelial Dysfunction Parameters As Subclinical Predictors of Cardiovascular Involvement in Patients with Beta-Thalassaemia Major
Authors: Solmaz Hatice , Cabuk Ali , altın zeynep , özcan esin , Ozdogan Oner
Published: January 2021

Objective: Cardiovascular involvement due to iron overload is the
leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with
beta-thalassaemia major (β-TM). However many patients remain
asymptomatic until the late stage. In this study, we investigated the
role of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) findings
and endothelial dysfunction parameters in asymptomatic β-TM patients,
and the relationship between these parameters and cardiac magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) T2 * value. Methods: 51 asymptomatic β-TM
patients who were receiving regular blood transfusions were evaluated by
two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and RT3DE examinations including
endothelial dysfunction parameters. The study population was divided
into two subgroups based on their cardiac MRI T2* values (MRI T2* ≤20ms
and >20ms). The relationships between serum ferritin
levels, 2DE and RT3DE measurements, endothelial dysfunction parameters,
and cardiac MRI T2* values were investigated. Results: Although all left
ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) values obtained by 2DE were within
normal limits (≥50%), they were not associated with MRI T2* values.
LVEFRT3D (53.25 +2.33 vs 58.81 +1.02), SDI12 (6.53 +0.56 vs 2.85 +0.48),
SDI16 (7.65 +0.75 vs 3.26 +0.49) were significantly different and
negatively correlated between two groups respectively . Flow-mediated
dilatation (FMD) (6.08% + 0.34 vs 14.46% + 1.12), aortic strain
(7.79% + 2.19 vs 12.76% + 4.19), and serum ferritin values were
significantly different and negatively correlated between two groups
respectively. Conclusion: Decreased LVEF and increased SDI by RT3DE
could be parameters of early cardiac deterioration. Decreased FMD and
aortic strain may be good predictors of subclinical cardiovascular
involvement in asymptomatic patients with β-TM.
High dose pollen intralymphatic immunotherapy: two RDBPC trials question the benefit of dose increase
Authors: Hellkvist Laila , Hjalmarsson Eric , Weinfeld Dan , Dahl Alsog , Karlsson Agneta , Westman Marit , Lundkvist Karin , Winquist Ola , Georén Susanna Kumlien , Westin Ulla , Cardell Lars Olaf
Published: January 2021

Background The same dosing schedule, 1000 SQ-U times three, with
one-month intervals, have been evaluated in most trials of
intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) for the treatment of allergic
rhinitis (AR). The present studies aimed to evaluate if a dose
escalation in ILIT can enhance the clinical and immunological effects,
without compromising safety. Methods Two randomized double-blind
placebo-controlled trials of ILIT for grass pollen induced AR were
performed. The first included 29 patients that had recently ended 3
years of SCIT and the second contained 39 not previously vaccinated
patients. An up-dosage of 1000-3000-10 000 SQ-U with one month in
between was evaluated. Results ILIT in doses up to 10 000 SQ-U was safe
after recent SCIT. The combined symptom-medication scores (CSMS) were
reduced by 31% and the grass specific IgG4 levels in blood were
doubled. In ILIT de novo, the two first patients that received active
treatment developed serious adverse reactions at 5000 SQ-U. A modified
up-dosing schedule; 1000-3000-3000 SQ-U appeared to be safe but failed
to improve the CSMS, quality of life and nasal provocation response.
Flow cytometry analyses could not detect any T-cell changes, while lymph
node derived dendritic cells showed increased activation. Conclusion
ILIT in high doses after SCIT appears to further reduce grass pollen
induced seasonal symptoms and may be considered as an add-on treatment
for patients that do not reach full symptom control after SCIT.
Up-dosing schedules de novo with three monthly injections that exceeds 3
000 SQ-U should be avoided.
Management of patients with atopic dermatitis undergoing systemic therapy during COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: data from the DA-COVID-19 registry Running title: AD management during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chiricozzi Andrea , Talamonti Marina , Simone Clara De , Galluzzo Marco , Gori Niccolò , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Marzano Angelo Valerio , Girolomoni Giampiero , Offidani Annamaria , Rossi Maria Teresa , Bianchi Luca , Cristaudo Antonio , Fierro Maria Teresa , Stingeni Luca , Pellacani Giovanni , Argenziano Giuseppe , Patrizi Annalisa , Pigatto Paolo , Romanelli Marco , Savoia Paola , Rubegni Pietro , Foti Caterina , Milanesi Nicola , Fortina Anna Belloni , Bongiorno Maria Rita , Grieco Teresa , Nuzzo Sergio Di , Fargnoli Maria Concetta , Carugno Andrea , Motolese Alberico , Rongioletti Franco , Amerio Paolo , Balestri Riccardo , Potenza Concetta , Micali Giuseppe , Patruno Cataldo , Zalaudek Iris , Lombardo Maurizio , Feliciani Claudio , Nardo Lucia Di , Guarneri Fabrizio , Peris Ketty , Da- Md ;
Published: January 2021

Background: Few and small studies have described the management
of immunomodulant/immunosuppressive therapies or phototherapy in atopic
dermatitis (AD) patients during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
pandemic.

Methods: A national registry, named DA-COVID-19 and involving
35 Italian dermatology units, was established in order to evaluate the
impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the management of adult AD patients
treated with systemic immunomodulant/immunosuppressive medications or
phototherapy. Demographic and clinical data were obtained at different
timepoints by teledermatology during COVID-19 pandemic, when regular
visits were not allowed due to sanitary restrictions. Disease severity
was assessed by both physician- and patient-reported assessment scores
evaluating itch intensity, sleep disturbances, and AD severity.

Results: A total of 1831 patients were included, with 1580/1831
(86.3%) continuing therapy during pandemic. Most patients were treated
with dupilumab (86.1%, 1576/1831) that was interrupted in only 9.9%
(156/1576) of cases, while systemic immunosuppressive compounds were
more frequently withdrawn. Treatment interruption was due to decision of
the patient, general practitioner or dermatologist in 39.9% (114/286),
5.6% (16/286), and 30.1% (86/286) of cases, respectively. Fear of
increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection (24.8%, 71/286) was
one of the main causes of interruption. Sixteen patients (0.9%)
resulted positive to SARS-CoV-2 infection, 3 of them (0.2%) were
hospitalized but no cases of COVID-related death occurred.

Conclusions: Most AD patients continued systemic treatments
during COVID pandemicand lockdown period, without high impact on disease
control, particularly dupilumab-treatedpatients.
Reaping the Benefits of Industry 4.0 through Skills Development in Viet Nam
Authors: Jagannathan Shanti , Geronimo Dorothy
Published: January 2021

This report explores the implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (41R) on the future of the job market in Viet Nam. It assesses how jobs, tasks, and skills are being transformed, particularly in logistics and agro-processing. These two industries are important for the country’s employment, economic growth, and international competitiveness and are also highly relevant for 4IR technologies. The report is part of series developed from an Asian Development Bank study on trends in skills demand in Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Viet Nam.
Reaping the Benefits of Industry 4.0 through Skills Development in Cambodia
Authors: Jagannathan Shanti , Geronimo Dorothy
Published: January 2021

This report explores the implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) on the future of the job market in Cambodia. It assesses how jobs, tasks, and skills are being transformed, particularly in tourism and garment manufacturing as the top two industries with the largest employment in the country. These two industries are likely to benefit from the transformational effect of 4IR, if there is adequate investment in jobs, skills, and training. The report is part of series developed from an Asian Development Bank study on trends in skills demand in Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Viet Nam.
Diffusion coefficients in multiphase Ni80Cr20-Ti system
Authors: Wierzba B. , Serafin D. , Nowak W.J. , Wierzba P. , Ciecko A. , Mazurkow A.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the reactive diffusion in Ni80C20r?Ti ternary system is discussed at 1173K. The diffusion couple was prepared and annealed for 100 h. The two intermetallic phases and two two-phase zones occurred, namely: Ti2Ni, TiNi, TiNi+Cr, and TiNi3+Cr. Based on the experimental results (molar fractions, thicknesses of the intermetallic phases), the intrinsic diffusion coefficients of all components in each phase were numerically approximated. The Wagner method was used in the pure intermetallic phases. In the two phase zones the approximation was based on the generalized Darken and Wagner methods. The presented methods allowed for determination of the effective diffusion coefficients in each presented phase.
A new method for determination of the theoretical reduction amount for wide-thick slab during the mechanical reduction process
Authors: Wu C.-H. , Zeng J.-H. , Wu G.-R. , Xie X. , Zhang M.
Published: January 2021

Mechanical soft reduction (MSR) is an effective method for elimination of the centerline segregation and porosity of the continuous casting steel slab, and the reduction amount is a key parameter that determines whether the MSR could be applied successfully. In the present work, a 2D heat transfer model was developed for predicting the non-uniform solidification of the wide-thick slab. The measured shell thickness by nail shooting experiment and the measured slab surface temperature by infrared camera were applied to validate the 2D heat transfer model. A new calculation method of theoretical reduction amount that could consider the influence of non-uniform solidification of the wide-thick slab was then derived. Based on the predicted temperature field by the 2D heat transfer model and the newly-proposed calculation method, the required theoretical reduction amount and reduction gradient/rate for the wide-thick slab were calculated and discussed. The difference between the newly-proposed method and the previous method, the influence of the casting speed and slab thickness on the required theoretical reduction amount and reduction gradient/rate were also investigated.
THE INEVITABILITY OF A GENERALIZED DARWINIAN THEORY OF BEHAVIOR, SOCIETY, AND CULTURE
Authors: Rosenberg Alex
Published: January 2021

The paper argues that the evident features of all human affairs of interest to the social scientist demand Darwinian explanations. It must however be recognized that the range of regularities, models, theories that a successful Darwinian research program will inspire must be heterogeneous, operate at very different scales, identify a diversity of distinct and often unrepeated processes operating through multifarious instances of blind variation and environmental selection. There will be no canonical statement of a Darwinian theory of cultural and/or social affairs.
INVARIANCE AND SYMMETRY IN EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS
Authors: Huttegger Simon M. , Rubin Hannah , Zollman Kevin J. S.
Published: January 2021

The concept of fitness is central to evolutionary biology. Models of evolutionary change typically use some quantity called “fitness” which measures an organism’s reproductive success. But what exactly does it mean that fitness is such a measure? In what follows, we look at the interplay between abstract evolutionary models and quantitative measures of fitness and develop a measurement-theoretic perspective on fitness in order to explore what makes certain measures of fitness significant.
GENERALIZED DARWINISM AS MODEST UNIFICATION
Authors: Reydon Thomas A.C.
Published: January 2021

This paper examines the nature of Hodgson and Knudsen’s version of Generalized Darwinism, asking to what extent it has explanatory force. The paper develops two criteria for potential explanatory transfer of theories between disciplines, and argues that Generalized Darwinism does not meet these. The paper proposes that Hodgson and Knudsen’s version of Generalized Darwinism is best understood as a research program aimed at modest unificationism sensu Kitcher, that provides a heuristic perspective to guide research, but does not produce actual evolutionary explanations.
Micro computed tomography evaluation of Invisalign aligner thickness homogeneity
Authors: Mantovani Edoardo , Parrini Simone , Coda Emanuele , Cugliari Giovanni , Scotti Nicola , Pasqualini Damiano , Deregibus Andrea , Castroflorio Tommaso
Published: January 2021

Objectives

To measure the thickness homogeneity of Invisalign (Align Technology Inc, San José, Calif) aligners with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans.

Materials and Methods

Starting from micro-CT scanning of 20 different aligners, multiplanar reconstructions were obtained. An orthodontist blinded about the study measured aligner thickness in different regions (molar, canine, incisor) and in different sites (gingival–buccal, buccal, occlusal, lingual, and gingival–lingual). To assess various thicknesses in different aligner sites and regions, the sample was stratified into subgroups and linear regression analysis was performed.

Results

Descriptive analysis showed that mean thickness of aligners in the incisor region ranged from 0.582 mm to 0.639 mm, in the canine region from 0.569 mm to 0.644 mm, and in the molar region from 0.566 mm to 0.634 mm. Student's t-tests showed no significant differences in the aligner thickness of different regions when data were stratified by different sites. Student's t-tests showed significant differences in thickness homogeneity for the molar region when the data were stratified by tooth (mean difference = 0.068 mm; 95% confidence interval, 0.009–0.126 mm; P = .024).

Conclusions

Invisalign aligner thickness is characterized by small differences. The only significant difference was revealed in the molar region where thickness of the gingival–lingual edge is significantly thinner than that measured at the occlusal aspect. From a clinical perspective, the results of the present study could be considered to explain the reduced predictability of several orthodontic tooth movements in the molar region.
The First Genome-Wide Association Study for Type 2 Diabetes in Youth: The Progress in Diabetes Genetics in Youth (ProDiGY) Consortium
Authors: Srinivasan Shylaja , Chen Ling , Todd Jennifer , Divers Jasmin , Gidding Samuel , Chernausek Steven , Gubitosi-Klug Rose A. , Kelsey Megan M. , Shah Rachana , Black Mary Helen , Wagenknecht Lynne E. , Manning Alisa , Flannick Jason , Imperatore Giuseppina , Mercader Josep M. , Dabelea Dana , Florez Jose C.
Published: January 2021

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in youth has increased substantially, yet the genetic underpinnings remain largely unexplored. To identify genetic variants predisposing to youth-onset type 2 diabetes, we formed ProDiGY, a multiethnic collaboration of three studies (TODAY, SEARCH, and T2D-GENES) with 3,006 youth case subjects with type 2 diabetes (mean age 15.1 ± 2.9 years) and 6,061 diabetes-free adult control subjects (mean age 54.2 ± 12.4 years). After stratifying by principal component–clustered ethnicity, we performed association analyses on ∼10 million imputed variants using a generalized linear mixed model incorporating a genetic relationship matrix to account for population structure and adjusting for sex. We identified seven genome-wide significant loci, including the novel locus rs10992863 in PHF2 (P = 3.2 × 10−8; odds ratio [OR] = 1.23). Known loci identified in our analysis include rs7903146 in TCF7L2 (P = 8.0 × 10−20; OR 1.58), rs72982988 near MC4R (P = 4.4 × 10−14; OR 1.53), rs200893788 in CDC123 (P = 1.1 × 10−12; OR 1.32), rs2237892 in KCNQ1 (P = 4.8 × 10−11; OR 1.59), rs937589119 in IGF2BP2 (P = 3.1 × 10−9; OR 1.34), and rs113748381 in SLC16A11 (P = 4.1 × 10−8; OR 1.04). Secondary analysis with 856 diabetes-free youth control subjects uncovered an additional locus in CPEB2 (P = 3.2 × 10−8; OR 2.1) and consistent direction of effect for diabetes risk. In conclusion, we identified both known and novel loci in the first genome-wide association study of youth-onset type 2 diabetes.
PENGKLONAN DAN PERUNUTAN NUKLEOTIDA GEN SELUBUNG PROTEIN DAN 3’UTR (untranslated region) PEANUT STRIPE VIRUS
Authors: Akin Hasriadi Mat
Published: January 2021

Cloning and sequencing of coat protein gene and 3’UTR (untranslated region) of peanut stripe virus. The cDNA of 3' terminal of peanut stripe virus genomic RNA was cloned and sequenced. The cDNA was ligated with plasmid vector pGEM-T Easy and transformed to competent cells of Escherichia coli. The 3' terminal of PstV genomic RNA contained 1195 nucleotides (nts).  The region included the nucleotide sequences of NIb (nuclear inclusion body) (129 nts), CP gene (coat protein gene) (861 nts), and 3'UTR (untranslated region) (205 nts). The nucleotide sequence of a CP gene contained one long uninterrupted open reading frame (ORF) without a start codon, which ended a UAG stop codon. The 287 amino acid residues of PStV coat protein were predicted from the CP gene.  The amino acid was analyzed for the presence of consensus polyprotein cleavage site for maturation of potyvirus polyprotein.  A putative cleavage site was found at position 43 (Q/S) following the Valine (V) residue at -4 position.  This isolate of PstV can be expected to be aphid transmissible because the coat protein contained a DAG triplet at position 53-55.
EFEK PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP VIRULENSI NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS YANG DIAPLIKASIKAN PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI TERSERANG ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura Fabr. )
Authors: Pramono Sudi
Published: January 2021

One of the problem increased soybean production was Spodoptera litura (army worm), because army worm has been known to be resistant to many insec¬ticides.  Alternatif control techniques should be explored  to reduce population of the pest.  Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) could storage one or more year,  but must used technique cold storage so that not virulence decreased.  This experiment was conducted to study (1) NPV patho¬genicity to army worm in the field, and (2) the effect of storage on the pathogenicity of NPV to S.  litura.  The research consisted of two experiments i.e.  laboratory and field experiments.  Each experiment had  seven treatments arranged in a randomized completely block design.  Each treatment was replicated four times.  The results show  the highest mortality of S.  litura occurred in plot treated  with 1,0 x 107 PIBs /ml, the mortality was 48 to 49,33 spec/plot after ten days aplicated .  If comparative patogenicity the new and the old NPV was not significant.  Population of army worm decreased significantly by NPV and control.  So that patogenecity NPV storage  one  year as well as new NPV  against army worm.
PENGARUH FRAKSI AKTIF KULIT BATANG DYSOXYLUM ACUTANGULUM MIQ. (MELIACEAE) TERHADAP REPRODUKSI CROCIDOLOMIA PAVONANA (F.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: Syahputra Edy , Prijono Djoko , Simanjuntak Partomuan
Published: January 2021

Effects of an active fraction of stem bark of Dysoxylum acutangulum Miq. (Meliaceae) on reproduction of Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).  This study was conducted to determine the effect of an active fraction of Dysoxylum acutangulum stem bark on reproduction and longevity of the cabbage pest Crocidolomia pavonana.  The feeding treatment with the test material was given to the second-instar larvae C. pavonana at concentrations of 2.54, 3.29 and 3.93 ppm (equivalent to LC10, LC30 and LC50), then the emerging adults were observed for their fecundity, ovarial protein content and longevity.  The treatment with the test material at LC50 shortened the lifespan of adult males and females C. pavonana by 2.9 and 1.6 days, respectively, compared with controls.  The treatments at LC10, LC30 and LC50 decreased the fecundity of the adult females by 44.0, 64.7 and 58.1%, respectively, compared with controls, and this effect could be associated with the decrease in protein content of ovaries of the females (29.0, 47.8 and 42.8% decrease, respectively).  Such treatments also delayed the maturity of ovaries of the females.  Suppression of reproductive capacity of C. pavonana could contribute significantly to overall suppression of the pest population if the test material is used in the field.
EFEK PENGHAMBATAN EKSTRAK DAUN WIDURI (CALOTROPIS SP.) TERHADAP CENDAWAN BUSUK BUAH CABAI (COLLETOTRICHUM CAPSICI)
Authors: Sulaksono Puji , Umrah Umrah , Parhan K. Lamai Ramadhanil , Binangkari Ramlah
Published: January 2021

Inhibitory effect of widuri (Callotropis sp.) leaf extract on Colletotrichum disease of chilli pepper.   Inhibitory effect of widuri (Callotropis sp.) leaf extract (WLE) was determined against radial growth, conidial germination, conidial production on red pepper pod lesions and number of lesions formed on the pod.  It was found that,  compared with control (no WLE), over 50 % radial growth inhibition was recorded 10 days after  WLE application at concentrations of 0.5 % or higher. Inhibitions at similar rate were also found on conidial germination 24 hours after WLE application at concentrations of 8 % or higher. WLE at concentrations of 8 % or higher reduced the number of lesion formation up to at least 50 % 8 days after inoculation of the pathogen. At least 50 % reduction in the conidial production was recorded when WLE was applied at concentrations of    4 % or higher.
BEBERAPA HASIL INOKULASI PADA CAKRAM DAUN KOPI DENGAN HEMILEIA VASTATRIX DI LABORATORIUM
Authors: Ginting Cipta , Gafur Abdul , Evizal Rusdi
Published: January 2021

Some results of inoculations on coffee leaf disks with Hemileia vastatrix.  Leaf rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix B. et Br. is the most important disease on coffee worldwide.  The obligate nature of H. vastatrix limits research on the disease when inoculation or pathogen growth in laboratory is required.  Inoculation on detached plant parts such as leaf disks may become an alternative to solve the problems.  In this study, the procedure was tested using three coffee varieties (Kartika 1,  USDA, and Robusta) as inoculum sources, leaves of different age, and different uredospore concentrations (4 x 103, 4 x 104, and 4 x 105 uredospores per ml suspension).  The study was done in Laboratory of Plant Disease at University of Lampung from May to December 2001.  Uredospores developed on leaves under field condition were used as inoculum.  The uredospores were taken with sterilized scalpel and placed in sterilized distilled water.  Before doing the experiments, the uredospores were measured using microscope equipped with a micrometer.  The concentration of uredospore suspensions were prepared using hemacytometer.  Leaf disks made with diameter of 2 cm were used in all inoculations.  The results showed that the size of the uredospores varied greatly.  The variation occurred not only among uredospores taken from different lesions  or leaves but also among those taken from the same lesions.  The size of almost all uredospores was the same as that reported in the literature.  Uredospores taken from Kartika (but not from two other varieties) incited disease development and produced symptoms on leaf disks which were made from Kartika coffee.  The age of leaves used to make leaf disks did not influence disease incidence.  Uredospores concentration influenced ( = 0.05) disease incidence on leaf disks with higher concentration caused higher disease incidence .
PENGARUH CAMPURAN EKSTRAK AGLAIA HARMSIANA PERKINS DAN DYSOXYLUM ACUTANGULUM MIQ. (MELIACEAE) TERHADAP MORTALITAS DAN OVIPOSISI PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: YPONOMEUTIDAE)
Authors: Yuswanti Lucy , Prijono Djoko
Published: January 2021

Effect of Mixture of Aglaia harmsiana Perkins and  Dysoxylum acuntangum Miq. (Meliaceae) Extracts on Mortality and Oviposition of Plutella xyostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mixture of extracts of Aglaia harmsiana seeds and Dysoxylum acutangulum leaf petioles on mortality and oviposition of Plutella xyostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). The insecticidal activity of ethyl acetate fraction of A. harmsiana and D. Acutangulum extracts and their mixture (concentration ratio of Ah and Da was 4:1) was evaluated against the thrid-instar P. xylostella was assessed by choice tests using broccoli seddlings. LC50 and LC95 of A. harmsiana extracts against the thirds the+fourth instar larvae were 0.054% and 0.129%, respectively, those of D. acutangulum extract were 0.031% and 0.103%, and those of the the mixture of A. harmsiana and D.acutangulum extract and the mixture at concentrations of 0.06% - 0.38%, 0.3%, and 0.02% - 0.3%, respectively, significantly reduced the number of eggs deposited by the female, P. xylostella on broccoli seedings, with oviposition inhibition indices of 0.30-0.59, 0.28-0.45 and 0.045-0.70. A.harmsiana ectract at all concentrations tested was phytotoxic to broccoli seedlings, whereas D. acutangulum extract was not. Mixture of A. harmsiana and D. acutangulum extract were phytotoxic to broccoli seedlings at concentrations of 0.06-0.3%. Thus, A. hamarsiana extract of mixture containing the extract should be used with caution and their phytotoxicity should be specifically tested on target crops before being used in the field.
PATOGENESIS HAWAR DAUN BIBIT PINUS MERKUSII YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH PESTALOTIA THEAE DI PESEMAIAN
Authors: Sutarman Sutarman , Hadi Soetrisno , Suryani Ani , Achmad Achmad , Saefuddin Asep
Published: January 2021

Pathogenesis of Needle Blight of Pinus merkusii Seedlings Incited by Pestalotia theae in The Nunery. The objectives of theiudy were to clarify the mechanism by which Pestalotia theae  incites the disease and the defense mechanism of the pine seedling  against the attack by the pathogen. The germination tube,2.9 µm in diameter, produced by the germinating conidiospore penetrated the leaf cells via the stomata, which were wider in diameter. The pathogen was able to produce pectinolytic and cellulolytic enzymes required for the degrading of the host cell wall components. The epidermis was covered-by a thick cuticulae layer. The activity of the peroxidase reduced in the cotyledon, the primary leaf and in the secondary leaf decreased, when the seedlings were 1-2,2-3, and >3 month old.