bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of LED Backlight Module Used for Large-Size TFT-LCD
Authors: Zhou Jin Yun , Xu Ji Sen , Lin Qing Hua , Pei Wen Yan
Published: October 2011

One kind of LED backlight module used for large-size TFT-LCD to apply in the direct illumination-type backlight source is designed by theoretical analysis and software simulation, and it is also confirmed such 15-inch backlight source can provide uniform illumination. The LED light intensity is estimated according to backlight module surface's brightness. A LED illumination model in Tracepro is established to study its illumination distribution. It is found the illuminance is most uniform when the mixed cavity thickness is 20mm and the backlight source LED spacing 20mm. Simultaneously the promotion to the LED backlight source array, its optics uniformity achieves 85%. By adding a lens for each LED to design those according to the Tracepro interactive optimized tool, the mixed light space can be reduced to 5-10mm.
Shaping Parameter Control of High-Speed Cold Roll-Beating Based on Simulation and Regression Analysis
Authors: Yang Ming Shun , Li Yan , Yuan Qi Long , Zheng Jian Ming
Published: October 2011

High-speed cold roll-beating is a near-net shaping technology in which with the characteristic of metal plastic forming used, revolving roller with high speed is applied to roll and beat the blank shaft, then force mental to flow and form a component profile. In the forming process, matching between the process parameters and the part profile is key to implement and apply the technology. In this paper, the FEM model of the lead screw cold roll-beating forming is built, the ABAQUS software is used to simulate the forming process. Based on the simulation results, the orthogonal test is designed, influence of process parameters on groove depth and bulging height of cold roll-beating process are studied; multivariate regression models of maximum bulging height and groove depth relative to the process parameters are established, and the effectiveness of the models are verified, which is of important guiding significances for forming accurate profile of lead screw by controlling process parameters.
System Modeling and Application in Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Based on EMD and ARX Model
Authors: Pan Hong Xia , Sun Li Ming
Published: October 2011

The EMD method as a means of signal pre-processing is used to decompose the vibration signal of gearbox into a number of IMF components, using the largest energy component as an effective component of the output response signal and the input shaft rotate speed or torque signal as the system input signal, then the time-series ARX model is established, in this paper. Extracted model parameters are as a feature vector of recognized working state of gearbox, and as input parameters of RBF neural network to achieve automatic recognition of faults in the gearbox. The results show that: ARX model can enhance the anti-jamming capability of model, and have great significance for improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis by calculating the fluctuations of input signal into the model.
Development of Embedded System GUI Based on Qt/Embedded
Authors: Song Rong , Lang Wen Chang , Pan Shu Wei
Published: October 2011

Against some problems which exist in the current embedded graphical user interface development such as low efficiency in the operating, poor portability and so on. This paper brings up an embedded GUI development method based on Qt/Embedded. Firstly, the construction technology of X11 virtual compiler platform and the implementation technology of cross-compile environment are described in details which are necessary in GUI development. Secondly, the Qt library file is cut, and the picture is displayed with Chinese-characters in accordance with the specific embedded goal. In the end, prove the valid of the development method based on Qt/Embedded through applications.
The Study of Point Cloud Data Automatic Merging Technology in 3D Measuring
Authors: Su Fa , Cheng Jun Ting
Published: October 2011

The measuring of the 3D point cloud data in automatic merging process, it is affixed to the surface of an object to be tested through a reference point on the position, to realize the multi point cloud data automatic seamless splicing.The paper presents the monotone limited algorithm in the acquisition of reference point, this algorithm can effectively and accurately to the reference point for judging and extraction.and puts forward an algorithm which integrates with three reference points orientation principle and ICP algorithm. The algorithm not only realizes the merging, but also raises the efficiency to dozens of times based on raising reorientation precision.
PSO-Based Uncorrelated Hybrid Discriminant Analysis Algorithm
Authors: Liu Xiao Ping , Xu Gui Yun
Published: October 2011

Hybrid discriminant analysis (HDA) can overcome small sample problems and outperform PCA and LDA by unifying principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) in a single framework. However, the existing HDA algorithm can’t extract more discriminant information from dataset, and model parameters are difficult to select. To deal with the above problems, a particle swarm optimal (PSO)-based uncorrelated hybrid discriminant analysis algorithm is presented. The conjugate orthogonal condition is added to optimization problem of HDA, PSO is explored to select optimal HDA parameters and the optimal solution can be achieved by solving eigenvalue problem. Simulation demonstrates merits of the proposed algorithm.
Computer Aided Design of Valve Train of Cylinder
Authors: Wu Zhi Tao
Published: October 2011

Valve train has important impact on engine’s performance and useful life. With the development of engine technology, the failure about valve train get attention gradually. Valve spring of engine is the important components in the valve assembly. In order to ensure valve and cam work reliably in poor condition, the dynamic failure analysis on them have great theoretical and engineering applied significance. So the dynamic performance and reliability of the valve train should also be concerned. The new software is a high-performance language for technical computing. It integrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation.
Numerical Analysis on Impact Behavior of Composite Sandwich Plates as Energy Harvesting Structures
Authors: Khalili Sameera , Khalili Seyyed Mohammad Reza , Amidpour M.
Published: October 2011

There are two approaches to design high energy absorbing materials and structures: one is to optimize the structures by using ordinary materials. The other is to design new energy absorbing materials. The efficiency of energy absorbing structures is continuously improved by developing various types of structural geometries and selecting appropriate energy absorbing materials like polymeric foams or metallic foams. Because of composite materials which are used in these kinds of structures, too many useful properties are achieved, for example, light weight, high energy absorption, high stiffness, fracture toughness. In this study, different composite sandwich structures are modeled by ABAQUS FE software. The model is validated by the results in existed literature. Different materials as core and as face sheets in the composite sandwich structure are investigated. Internal energy and displacement of the structure during the impact analysis in low velocity are calculated. By changing variables and parameters such as dimensions of the structure, different properties and sequences of the layers in the face sheets and different core materials, the optimum state of the structure for gaining the highest internal energy is determined. By increasing the size of the structure and using the stiffer fibers, the absorbed energy is increased. The effect of stiffer core in increasing absorbed energy is more significant. The layer sequencing does not affect any changes in the absorbed energy.
Driving Characteristics of a Simple Square-Frame Ultrasonic Motor
Authors: Kim J.W. , Park C.H. , Jeong S.S. , Kim M.H. , Park T.G. , Chong H.H.
Published: October 2011

A novel design of a simple square-frame USM (ultrasonic motor) was proposed. The stator of the motor consists of a square-frame shape elastic body and four rectangular plate ceramics. The four ceramics were attached to outer surfaces of the square-frame elastic body. The same phase voltages were applied to the ceramics on horizontal surfaces, and 90 degree phase difference voltages were applied to the ceramics on vertical surfaces. When the four outer edges of stator were clamped, the bending vibrations of the right angled bars were transformed into travelling vibrations and elliptical displacements were generated at the center of the bars. To find an optimal size of a stator, that generates elliptical displacement at the centers of the inner surfaces, the finite element analysis program ATILA was used. The analyzed results were compared to the experimental results. As result, the model EL10W3T0.5_CL7 which generates the maximum elliptical displacement was chosen by analyzing the resonance mode according to changes in frequency.
Analysis on Dynamic Fault Tree Based on Fuzzy Set
Authors: Yang Li Ping
Published: October 2011

In case of fault tree analysis of large complex system, the probability of bottom event in dynamic fault tree is uncertain in some cases. To address the problem, the paper presented a dynamic fault tree analysis method based on fuzzy set computation. The method separates logic attributes and timing attributes of dynamic logic gates. It can convert dynamic fault tree into static fault tree not considering timing constraints and obtain minimum cut set of static fuzzy fault tree with set operations, then the concept of minimum cut set is extended to dynamical minimum cut sequence. Thus, the dynamic fault tree was analyzed in both qualitative and quantitative aspects, which solve the problem that it is difficult to assign value of event probability in previously process.
Performance Analysis of an Otto Engine with Ethanol and Gasoline Fuels
Authors: Ebrahim Rahim
Published: October 2011

Energy conservation and its efficient use are nowadays a major issue. The evident reduction in oil reserves combined with the increase in its price, as well as the need for ‘cleaner’ fuels, have led in the past years to an increasing interest and research in the field of alternative fuels for spark ignition engines propulsion. Also, there are interesting to increase the technical focus on conventional cycles for making them more optimum in terms of performance. In this study, a comparative performance analysis and optimisation have been performed for irreversible Otto cycle with ethanol, methanol and gasoline fuels. The results show that the maximum power output, the working range of the cycle, the optimal power output corresponding to maximum thermal efficiency, the optimal thermal efficiency corresponding to maximum power output increase, the compression ratio at the maximum power output and the compression ratio at the maximum thermal efficiency when ethanol-engine operation is changed to gasoline-engine operation. The results obtained in this work can help us to understand how the power output and thermal efficiency are influenced by ethanol and gasoline fuels in an Otto engine.
Modeling and Calculation of the Algorithm Structure of Compound Semiconductor-Type A3B5
Authors: Iskakova K.A. , Akhmaltdinov R.F.
Published: October 2011

—The use of computer simulations for research in solid state physics has a long history. However, the current needs of industry in the new results require a current possibilities of computer technology make it possible to meet the challenges of Solid State Physics (SSP), in general, and crystallography in particular, to a whole new level. This article briefly describes the algorithms finding the orderly and the semi platonic and Archimedean figures and their complexes for the FCC and BCC structures, which contributes to the increased use of the computer modeling techniques in crystallography and SSP. (Abstract)
Exergoeconomic Analysis of a Steam Power Plant in Iran
Authors: Dehghanipour A. , Ajam H.
Published: October 2011

The exergy and exergoeconomic of the Qazvin steam power plant carried out here. In this paper the exergy destruction and efficiency of each component of this power plant is estimated. Since in every power plant there are different working loads and ambient temperature is varying during seasons, the effect of the load variations and the ambient temperature on the exergy analysis of power plant are calculated in order to obtain a good insight into this analysis. According the results, the boiler has the highest exergy destruction rate. The variation of the ambient temperature, is at the range 5ºc to 30ºc. Increasing the ambient temperature, the exergy destruction rate of all components increased. Increasing load of the power plant from 125 MW to 263 MW increases exergy efficiency of boiler and turbine. Then exergoeconomic analysis is done. The results show that the boiler has the highest cost of exergy destruction. Economic factors including the relative cost difference (rk) and exergoeconomic factor (fk), are calculated for each component. According to the results, the boiler, the low pressure turbine and the condenser of Qazvin power plant, are major exergy destructors respectively.
Numerical Investigation of Natural Convection Heat Transfer from Square Cylinder in a Vented Enclosure
Authors: Kahwaji Ghalib Y. , Hussien Abbas S. , Ali Omar M.
Published: October 2011

In the present work, the natural convection heat transfer from horizontal cylinder with square cross section situated in a square enclosure, vented symmetrically from the top and the bottom was investigated numerically. The work investigate the effect of the Ra, enclosure width and opening size of the enclosure on the streamlines, isotherms and heat transfer results. The numerical work included the solution of the governing equations in the vorticity-stream function formulation which were transformed into body fitted coordinate system. The transformations are based initially on algebraic grid generation and elliptic grid generation to map the physical domain between the heated horizontal cylinder and the vented enclosure into a computational domain. A hybrid scheme finite volume based finite difference method was used. The study included the following ranges of the studied variables:- 0 < Ra ≤ 6.5× 105 1.5 ≤ W/H ≤ 4 0.375 < O/H ≤ 4 The numerical results were compared with experimental results, which showed good agreement. The effect of cylinder cross section, Ra, enclosure width, and opening size on the Nu, mass flowrate, flow patterns and isotherms were investigated. The results show that the cylinder cross section has a large influence on the results especially the Nu. The Nu is proportional with Ra and inversely proportional with enclosure width and opening size. The flow patterns and isotherms display the flow and temperature behaviors with changing studied variables. The results show that the starting of natural convection heat transfer depended on the cylinder cross-section, enclosure width and opening size in addition with Ra. In addition, the results display that the hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer thickness decreases with increasing Ra. Nomenclature
A Study on Variation of Microstructural Parameters in Titanium Alloys during near Superplastic Regime of Deformation
Authors: Sahoo R.K. , Jha B.B. , Sahoo T.K. , Mishra Barada Kanta , Bylya Olga I. , Sarangi M.K.
Published: October 2011

Deformation of Titanium alloys close to optimal superplastic condition i.e. near superplastic regime of deformation leads to significant change in microstructures.VT-9 titanium alloy was used in order to find out those parameters of microstructure which are varying significantly during near superplastic regime of deformation. Tensile tests were carried out at 930°C up to fracture with a constant strain rate of 5*10-4s-1and a jump wise varying strain rate of 1*10-4s-1& 5*10-4s-1.The microstructural parameters of both air-cooled and water quenched portion i.e. size of alpha phase, percentages of alpha phase and parameter of non-uniaxiality of alpha phase were found to change significantly during near superplastic regime of deformation. It has been found that in the near superplastic regime of deformation percentage of α-phase decreased from 90% to 13%. As the β-transus temperature of this alloy is 970°C, this significant change in percentage of α-phase is attributed to deformation induced phase transformation. Optical microscopes, micro Vickers hardness test, XRD, FESEM have been used to characterize the microstructure of the material.
Performance Analysis of the Computed Torque Based Active Force Control for a Planar Parallel Manipulator
Authors: Noshadi Amin , Zolfagharian Ali , Wang Gang
Published: October 2011

This paper presents a novel approach to control a 3-RRR (revolute-revolute-revolute) planar parallel manipulator applying an active force control (AFC) strategy. A PID-based computed torque controller (CTC) was first designed and developed to demonstrate the basic and stable response of the manipulator in order to follow a prescribed trajectory. Then, the AFC part was incorporated into the control scheme in series with the CTC (AFC-CTC) in a cascade form. Performance of the system was demonstrated by the computer simulation results. By using the AFC method, the design of trajectory tracking controller can be conducted based on a precise model of the system. The overall tracking performance was improved with using AFC scheme in presence of known or unknown disturbances. Results clearly illustrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed AFC-based scheme as a robust disturbance rejecter compared to the conventional CT controller.
Effect of Calcium Stearate Concentration on Tensile Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber
Authors: Luo Yong Yue , Wang Qing Huang , Yang Chang Jin , He Can Zhong , Wang Yue Qiong , Peng Zheng
Published: October 2011

The tensile strength and elongation at break of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was investigated by adding different concentration of calcium stearate. Two grades of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), namely, ENR 25 and ENR 40 were used as model materials. Semi-efficient vulcanization (semi-EV) was used throughout the study. The tensile property of unaged and aged ENR vulcanizates was determined by using U-CAN electron tensile testing machine. Results indicate that tensile strength and elongation at break of unaged ENR 25 and ENR40 vulcanizates increase gradually with increasing concentration of calcium stearate up to about 1phr of calcium stearate and after which, the tensile strength and elongation at break drop with a further increase in calcium stearate loading. For a similar alcium stearate concentration, the tensile strength and elongation at break of ENR 40 vulcanizates exhibits a consistently higher value than that of ENR 25 vulcanizates, which is due to the higher crosslink density of ENR40 which contains more epoxide groups than ENR 25. For aged samples, the addition of calcium stearate could enhance the tensile strength and elongation at break of aged samples. Percentage retention of tensile strength and elongation at break also gradually increases with calcium stearate loading. That means that the incorporation of calcium stearate is found to improve the aging resistance of ENR vulcanizates. This is because calcium stearate neutralizes sulfur acids which can catalyze ring-opening of expoxide groups via ether crosslinks.
Research on the Application of VIPs to Reefer Containers
Authors: Ji Jun , Han Hou De , Kan An Kang
Published: October 2011

Vacuum insulation panels are distinguished by their outstandingly low thermal conductivity, which is approximately 0.004 W/ (m • K) to 0.01 W/ (m • K), only 33% to 10% of that of the traditional heat preservation materials. The heat preservation mechanism of vacuum insulation panels is elaborated in the study. The thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation panel made in our lab were below 0.01 W/ (m • K). By analysis and calculation, with this kind of VIPs applied to refrigerated containers, its exciting properties can save energy consumption by more than 20% compared with traditional heat preservation materials.
Effect of Aging Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of Cu-3Si-2Ni Alloy
Authors: Wang Zhi Xiang , Li Jian Yun , Liu Feng , Yuan Fu Sheng , Liu Yang
Published: October 2011

Effect of different aging treatment on microstructure and properties of Cu-3Si-2Ni alloy was studied by measurements at room temperature tensile properties, XRD and fracture analysis. The results show that the strengthening phase particles are precipitated along grain boundaries and inside grains after aging treatment of Cu-3Si-2Ni alloy, which benefits the yield and tensile strength at room temperature except for the elongation. In addition, the fracture surface shows that mixed ductile and brittle features, while as-soluted Cu-3Si-2Ni alloy presents the typical ductile fracture. The appropriate aging treatment is 450°C×2h after care experiments in this paper.
Love Waves in a Piezoelectric Half-Space with an Anisotropic Elastic Layer
Authors: Yang Qian , Kong Yan Ping , Liu Jin Xi
Published: October 2011

This work is concerned with the dispersion characteristics of Love waves propagating in a layered structure consisting of an anisotropic elastic layer and a piezoelectric half-space. The layer processes one symmetric plane, while the half-space is transversely isotropic. The explicit dispersion equation is derived. As an example, an inclined orthotropic material is chosen as an elastic layer to reveal the effect of material anisotropy on the dispersion behaviors. The numerical results show that the phase velocity is strongly influenced by the anisotropic degree.
Research on Failure Criteria of Homogenization Model of Masonry
Authors: Yang Wei Jun , Ni Yu Shuang , Jiang Ning
Published: October 2011

Abstract. Based on the newly developed homogenization theory of masonry, homogenization model of masonry is built in this paper. And a failure criteria adapation to masonry homogenization units is suggested union finite element analysis result of homogenization model.
Correlations between Different Hardened Properties of High-Strength Self-Consolidating Concrete Including Palm Oil Fuel Ash
Authors: Safiuddin Md. , Abdus Salam Md. , Jumaat Mohd Zamin
Published: October 2011

Palm oil fuel ash is considered as an agro-waste material in Malaysia. Various investigations have been conducted on the use of palm oil fuel ash as a supplementary cementing material for concrete. In the present study, palm oil fuel ash was used as a partial replacement of normal portland cement to produce high-strength self-consolidating concrete. In total, twenty (20) self-consolidating concrete mixes were prepared by varying water to binder ratio, palm oil fuel ash content, and high-range water reducer dosage. Palm oil fuel ash was used by replacing 0–30% of normal portland cement by weight at the water to binder ratios ranging from 0.25 to 0.40. The compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths, modulus of elasticity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and porosity of various self-consolidating concrete mixes were investigated. However, the correlations between the hardened properties of concrete were emphasized in this study. The experimental findings revealed that strong correlations exist between different hardened properties of high-strength self-consolidating concrete.
Recent Developments of Material Deformation Measurement
Authors: Tian Qiu Hong , Yan Li Ping , Yang Tao , Chen Ben Yong
Published: October 2011

Material deformation measurements are divided into two main classes: contact type measurement and non-contact type measurement. The principles of strain gauge contact type extensometers in small range and large range measurement, non-contact video and non-contact laser extensometers are described, respectively. Furthermore, advantages and disadvantages of these extensometers are reviewed. The contact type extensometers provide a high level of measurement accuracy, but the knife edge is easily damaged during the fracture of high stiffness materials; the total deformation process is not measured unless knife edge is not unloaded post-fracture; meanwhile, the reversal phenomenon is accompanied in tensile test. Accordingly, the resolution of the reversal phenomenon is discussed; Non-contact video extensometers may be used up to the material breaking point without damage, even when testing specimens that exhibit whiplash, but marks on specimens deform following specimens deformation in tensile test, and marks are not automatically and accurately tracked; Although, non-contact laser extensometers provide a higher level of measurement accuracy and wide range of application, it is expensive. On the basis of these discussions, a novel materials deformation measurement method based on laser mark automatic tracking is presented. This method has advantages of simple, high accuracy and wide range of application.
Synthesis and Drug Release from a PH/Temperature Sensitive Bead of Poly(N-Acryloylglycinate) and Alginate
Authors: Deng Kui Lin , Gao Ting , Gou Yu Bo , Wang Wei , Zhang Peng Fei , Wang Shu Liang , Huang Chun Yuan , Shen Hui Juan
Published: October 2011

In this paper, a new pH/temperature sensitive beads with core-shelled structure, composed of sodium alginate and poly(N-acryloylglycinate), were prepared using as drug delivery carrier. Selecting indomethacin as a model drug, in vitro drug release behaviors were investigated at different temperatures, phosphate buffer solutions (PBS) and polymer content. At pH=2.1, the release amount of indomethacin loaded in the beads was only 2.46% while this value approached to 95.23% in pH=7.4 PBS. In addition, the release rate of indomethacin at 37°C is much higher than at 18°C.
High Temperature CO2 Adsorption on Si-Doped Lithium Zirconate
Authors: Wang Yin Jie , Liu Ji Ping , Liu Ze Quan , Lu Xiao Bing
Published: October 2011

Si-doped lithium zirconate Li2SixZr(1-x)O3(0≤x≤0.4) sorbents were prepared by a solid-state reaction method from nano-sized monoclinic ZrO2. The morphology phase, structure and adsorption properties of the prepared lithium zirconate were respectively determined by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) , X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TG).The results showed the CO2adsorption properties of material could be improved by doping suitable amount Si.
Simulation of V Atom Substitution Character in Ni-Al-V Alloy
Authors: Dong Xiang Yi , Xiao Shu Fen , Chu Zhong
Published: October 2011

Simulations are performed on atom substitution character in Ni-Al-V alloy based on microscopic phase-field model at 1046K. It was showed that the ordering of both Al and V atoms take place simultaneously during the precipitation process of Ni-Al-V alloy, V atoms substitute the Al sublattice in L12phases, and they prefer β-sites to α-sites. Both of Al and V occupy the β-sites and complex phases Ni3(Al1-xVx)are formed; V atoms substitute the Al sublattice, the D022phases are formed at the boundary of L12phases.
Structures and Properties of the Coating for SPEEK/WPU
Authors: Chen Jian Bing , Guo Qiang
Published: October 2011

SPEEK can be dispersed in water as well as WPU, so the coating for SPEEK/WPU can be obtained in the water, and its films were investigated on the structures and properties by SEM, TGA, Shore Durometer and so forth, the results show that SPEEK as a micro-phase can disperse in WPU phase, and there is a good thermal stability when the temperature is below 290°C, and there is good improvement on the hardness of the films of coating that is about 60HA-65HA. The pH of the coating for SPEEK/WPU is about 7.0-8.0. The ratio of water absorption for films of the coating for SPEEK/WPU is about 10% and is below that of WPU, swelling of the films for solvents is also below that of WPU.
Strength Properties of Low Thermal Conductivity Fly Ash Bricks: Compressive and Flexural Strength Aspects
Authors: Namboonruang Weerapol , Rawangkul Rattanakorn , Yodsudjai Wanchai
Published: October 2011

The development of new alternative type of fly ash bricks using the locally available local soil from Ratchaburi province were mixed with fly ash from Kanchanaburi province, where both sources in western of Thailand, is the main purpose of this study. These are compared to the ratchaburi local soil cement bricks without the mixing of western fly ash in different proportions. It is concluded that the addition of western fly ash reduces the thermal conductivity. The compressive and flexural strength decrease when the ratio of western fly ash is more than 30 percentages. However, considering the various factors it can be concluded that appropriate ingredient toward producing the good commercial western fly ash bricks is 5 percentages of portland cement and 30 percentages of western fly ash by weight basis of ratchaburi local soil. The compositions of western fly ash at more than 25 percentages by weight basis of ratchaburi local soil and since up to 14 days of curing time are proved to be economical mixtures for load bearing panels or brick type structural elements according to the Thai Industrial Standard for structural clay load-bearing tile.
Oxidation Behavior in Super-Plastic Microforming of Zr65Cu17.5Ni10Al7.5 Bulk Metallic Glass
Authors: Wang Jun , Liao Guang Lan , Yu Qiang , Shi Tie Lin
Published: October 2011

The influence of oxidation behavior on super-plastic microforming of bulk metallic glass Zr65Cu17.5Ni10Al7.5in the super-cooled liquid region was investigated. Samples were heated in air from room temperature to 395°C, 410°C, and 430°C, respectively, and kept under each temperature for 40 minutes. The increased weight of samples and the thickness of oxide layer were measured. Subsequently, the sample was compressed under 410°C with a micro gear silicon mold. In result, the oxide layer of the gear cracked and could be easily removed; also, the X-ray diffractometer showed that the gear core below the oxide layer remained an amorphous structure. It can be concluded that the oxidation behavior of Zr65Cu17.5Ni10Al7.5does not affect the super-plastic deformation, which indicates the feasibility of super-plastic microforming process in air.
The Relationship between the Free and the Bound Chloride in High Performance Concrete
Authors: Chen Zheng , Yang Lu Feng , Gao Qin , Wang Yi , Feng Qing Ge
Published: October 2011

The relationship between the bound chloride and the free chloride in concrete is very important to the durability of concrete structures. The high performance concrete (HPC) with fly ash was prepared and the specimens were tested by ASTM C1202 in this paper. The concentrations of the total and the free chloride in HPC specimens were determined after the experimentation, by which the concentration of the bound chloride was calculated. The results show that the relationship between the free chloride and the bound chloride in HPC can be described by Freundlich adsorption isotherm, and the coefficient α and β in the equation are affected by initial bound abilities and bound potentialities respectively. The bound potentiality of HPC decreased inversely with the amount of replacement of fly ash.
Research on Influence of Flexible Parts’ Rigidity to Passenger Car Exhaust System’s Modal
Authors: Yuan Shou Li , Zhang Wen Chang , Liu Zhi En , Wang Chao , Fu Ding Yuan
Published: October 2011

The finite element modeling methods of a passenger car exhaust system’s flexible parts are introduced. A finite element (FE) model of the exhaust system is established with the finite element software and modal analysis of the FE Model is carried out. Through changing both automotive exhaust hangers’ Z direction of stiffness and bellows’ each direction of stiffness, the data of natural frequencies and vibrating modes of the exhaust system were obtained respectively. Comparing and analyzing the results indicates how the stiffness of exhaust hangers and bellows influences the modal of passenger cars’ exhaust system.
Preliminary Study on High Efficiency Deinking Agent of ONP
Authors: Ma Yong Sheng , Wang Lin Tong , Sun Xian Hui
Published: October 2011

Recycling of waste paper is demanded because of the shortage of forest resources, the pollution of environment and the scarcity of papermaking materials. It is important to raise the proportion of waste paper in the fiber materials in papermaking industry. Floating/washing method was used here with imported Old Newspaper (ONP) as elementary material. This article studied the deinking performances of many kinds of surfactants primarily. Among them several surfactants were picked out as deinking agent of Old Newspaper (ONP) because of their better deinking effect.
Design and Finite Element Analysis in Hydraulic Retarder Bracket Based on ANSYS
Authors: Li Xiao Wen , Li Chang You , Zhao Xu Fei , Li Zhen Tai , Wei Jian Quan
Published: October 2011

While hydraulic retarder installed on the transmission shaft, both ends of rotating shaft and transmission shaft are directly connected. It needs bracket to be fixed on the automobile frame, deformation of the bracket directly influenced the normal work and life span of the hydraulic retarder. So we must pay more attention to the strength of the bracket during our design. This paper obtained the stress state and the structural deformation situation under different structures, and confirmed the dangerous parts of the bracket by designing two different projects of the bracket and using ANSYS software to analyze the finite elements. It also provided a theoretic basis for further structure optimization and could be a reference for the similar product design.
Comparative Analysis of Automotive Interior Trim Materials Based on Moldflow
Authors: Meng Zheng Hua , Guo Wei , Wei Xue Bing
Published: October 2011

The influence of different materials on the formability of plastic injection molding has been studied in current work. The automotive glove box trim cover was chosen as analytical model. This study has been focused on the influence on fill time, warpage, sink mark depth and clamp force of different materials. PP+T15, PP+T20, PP+T25, PP+T30, PP+T35, PP+T40 and ABS+PC were used for analysis in this study. The injection molding processes of automotive interior trim of different materials were analyzed by using Moldflow software, the rationality of the material choice was evaluated. Merits and drawbacks of different materials were found out through the analysis done in Moldflow. There is positive influence on reducing mold cycle and negative influence on advancing the dimension stability of part by using the kind of PP materials. Oppositely, there is negative influence on reducing mold cycle and positive influence on advancing the dimension stability of part by using ABS. It can be reduce extremely the cost for manufacturing the mold, and shorten the development cycle by using this method.
Effect of Solidification Pressure on Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing of Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Yan Qing Song , Zou Xun , Xiong Bo Wen , Lu Gang , Zhang Shou Yin , Cai Chang Chun
Published: October 2011

The solidification pressure is one of the most important factors in the counter-gravity casting process. Through testing and analyzing the microstructures of aluminum alloy castings under different solidification pressure, the effect of different solidification pressure on the secondary dendrite arm spacing and grain size is studied. The results show that with the increase of the solidification pressure, the secondary dendrite arm spacing and the grain size of aluminum alloy decreases. When the solidification pressure is 250 KPa, the secondary dendrite arm of aluminum alloy is thick, the SDAS is 37.9μm, but when the solidification pressure increases to 450 KPa, the refinement of grain is obviously, and the SDAS is 20.7μm, which is reduced by 45.3% comparing to solidification under 250 KPa. Moreover, when solidification pressure higher, the effect of feeding force becomes more evident, and the dendrite is broken when the feeding force higher than the strength of dendrite. Therefore, the grain size becomes more and more uniform and thin, and the (SDAS) of aluminum alloy are more and more small.
The Deformation Simulation of the Laser-MIG Hybrid Welding in Fillet-Welded Joint
Authors: Wang You Qi , Tan Bing , Ma Bing , Ma Zhi Hua
Published: October 2011

The numerical simulation of the fillet-welded joint which is welded with the four kind of clamped methods by laser-MIG hybrid welding is researched by the SYSWELD software. The results of the numerical simulation are compared with the results of the experienced welding. The results of research show: The joint of the laser-MIG hybrid welding was simulated well by the SYSWELD software. The simulating result is deviated 10% from the result of the actual deformation. The laser-MIG hybrid welding deformation of the aluminum structure is least when the holding position is in the near weld zone and the clamps are unloaded near the room temperature.
The Recrystallization Simulation of H-Beam Rolling Process
Authors: Ma Jin Hong , Li Hui
Published: October 2011

Based on commercial FE software of DEFORM-3D,the recrystallization in the rolling process of H-Beam is simulated, the factors affect the recrystallization are analyzed. The different reduces affect the recrystallization are also analyzed.
The Surface Roughness Modeling on Turn-Milling Process and Analysis of Influencing Factors
Authors: Yuan Song Mei , Zheng Wei Wei
Published: October 2011

Surface roughness plays an important role in product quality and has received serious attention for many years. It has formulated an important design feature in many situations such as parts subject to fatigue loads、precision fits、fastener holes and aesthetic requirements. In addition to tolerances, surface roughness imposes one of the most critical constraints for the selection of machines and cutting parameters in process planning. This paper focuses on developing a geometric model of turn-milling process in order to predict the surface roughness effectively so that we can offer reference or consulting in the practical machining process. The surface roughness model takes into account both cutting parameters and movement parameters such as cutter radius feed per tooth 、 cutting speed 、number of teeth 、cutters' eccentricity、 depth of cutting、spindle rotating speed and so on. Through this model, we discussed the influencing effects of various cutting parameters on the surface roughness and analyze which one has the most important impact.
Investigation of the Effect of Heating-Lines on Tensional Mechanical Properties of Sheet Metal after Laser Forming
Authors: Luo Ai Hui , Dan Wen Jiao , Zhang Wei Gang
Published: October 2011

In this study，tensional mechanical properties of sheet metal with different heating-lines after laser forming are investigated. The basic mechanical properties of material (such as elastic modulus, yield strength, ultimate strength, TEI (total elongation index) and EIU (elongation index of uniform)) with different spacing between neighbored heating-lines and different heating-lines number are presented. The stress-strain curves are complied with a modified Swift law, where the hardening coefficient and strain hardening exponent of material are controlled by strain. The influence of heating-lines number on tensional mechanical properties of material is greater than that of the spacing between neighbored heating-lines. The results show that all mechanical properties are related to the distribution of microstructure in heat-affected zone after laser forming.
Influence of Friction on Metal Flow Behaviour and Die Stress of Backward Extrusion
Authors: Yang Yong Shun , Yin Tian Tian , Feng Ke
Published: October 2011

In the paper, the Deform-3D software was used to simulate the mechanism of metal flow behaviour under the influence of different friction in the backward extrusion process, and further study its influence on die stress. The numerical simulation demonstrates that: smaller friction could reduce difficult deformation area of extrusion metal significantly; friction state not only affected the plastic deformation extent, but also would increase the consumption of extrusion energy; the unit pressure of punch and stress of inner wall increased along with the increase of friction, meanwhile, the ratio of them increased as well.
The Force Theoretical Analysis and Experiment for Wire Saw with UVM Cutting SiC Monocrystal
Authors: Li Shu Juan , Zhang Jie , Wan Bo , Li Yan
Published: October 2011

Wire saw has a unique benefit in cutting precious material like SiC, Si monocrystal and gem etc since the cutting force is small, and the kerf loss is low and so on. In the common wire saw cutting process, the production efficiency is low, the wire saw wear is dramatic severe, the surface roughness of part is not expected and collapses flaws often occur on wafer as well, all those problems have a heavy effectiveness on wafer quality. In order to solve those problem, the ultrasonic vibration machining (UVM) has been applied to cut the hard & brittle materials which has a significant improvement on surface integrity of wafer and increasingly apply to nonconductive materials cutting, such as glass, ceramics, Si, gem and so on. In this paper, the cutting force for SiC monocrystal wafer by wire saw with UVM is studied, the mathematic model of cutting force for wire saw with UVM is discussed and the Fourier series expansion is used to solve the equation of cutting force. The experiments that the process parameters influence on the cutting force by common wire saw cutting and wire saw with UVM are conducted, respectively. The result show that wire saw with UVM can significantly decrease the cutting force, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis.
Numerical Simulation on Back-Extrusion Loadcase of Magnesium Alloy Wheel
Authors: Guo Jun Qing , Zhang Hui Yun , Sun Fu Tao
Published: October 2011

Based on the hot compression tests of AZ31B magnesium alloy, the trend of flow stress was analyzed and constitutive equation was established. Using Deform-3D Microsoft, the process of magnesium alloy wheel was numerical simulated. The effect of fraction coefficient and heating temperature on extrusion load and radial load on die surface was studied. It was shown that variety of these loads was tardo at prophase back-extrusion while violent at anaphase stage. The fraction coefficient was an important factor in total compression load and radial load on die surface was affected obviously by forming temperature.
Interface Microstructure and Weld Strength of Steel/Aluminum Alloy Joints by Resistance Spot Welding
Authors: Wang Nan , Yamaguchi Tomiko , Nishio Kazumasa
Published: October 2011

In this study, in order to investigate effects of welding conditions and alloy element Cu in aluminum alloy on growth of intermetallic compounds at weld interfacial zones and weld strength of steel/aluminum alloy joints, the pure aluminum A1050 and the aluminum alloy A2017 to cold-rolling steel SPCC were welded by resistance spot welding. Two intermetallic layers were observed, and the major phases are Fe2Al5 adhering to the steel and FeAl3 adhering to the aluminum. The results of EPMA suggested that diffusion of alloy element Cu in the A2017 happened at the interface, which may be the reason for that the anisotropic growth of Fe2Al5 might be inhibited. The tensile-shear strength of A2017/SPCC joint decreased with an increasing of the thickness of r=0.5, considering the nugget radius as 1.
Occluded Object Tracking Based on Mean Shift and Accumulation Error Suppression
Authors: Lu Hong , Li Hong Sheng , Fei Shu Min , Cao Wei Feng
Published: October 2011

To handle occlusion and accumulation error in tracking procedure, a novel method is proposed. Firstly, the object feature is modeled with kernel based color histogram. Then, mean shift is used to localizing the object with Kalman filter providing initial iteration location and scale. Object observation value is acquired by weighting the similarities of hue and saturation in x and y-directions. Finally, occlusion and scene disturbance are judged by maximal similarity and the matching deviation, so as to selectively update the object model. To suppress the accumulation error, the noise covariance is updated according to the iteration error in the latest N frames. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust in tracking the occluded objects under complex scene.
A Novel Simplified and High-Precision Inverse Dynamics Model for Magneto-Rheological Damper
Authors: Zhang Zhi Yong , Huang Cai Xia , Liu Xin , Wang Xiang Hong
Published: October 2011

Due to the virtue in energy consumption, response time and work reliability, the magneto-rheological (MR) damper is a new promising devices for vibration control, in which the controller input expected control force and piston velocity to justify MR damper input voltage, so that desired damper force is achieved. It follows that the functional relationship between input voltage, expected control force and piston velocity is important for MR damper application. In this paper, a novel simplified and high-precision inverse dynamics model is derived based on MR damper Bouc-Wen phenomenological model, by which the input voltage of MR damper is calculated by means of expected control force and piston velocity. To verify the validity of this proposed inverse dynamics model, two numerical simulations of MR damper force following tests are introduced in the latter of this paper.
Nonlinear Seismic Analysis of Masonry Infilled RC Frame Structures
Authors: Gong Xiao Ying , Dai Jun Wu
Published: October 2011

Many RC frame structures were severely damaged or collapsed in some layer. The phenomenon was significantly different from the expected failure mode in seismic design code. This paper comprehensively sums up the earthquake characteristics of masonry infilled RC frame structures. Based on an investigation of a masonry infilled RC frame structure damaged in the earthquake area, conduct the research on frail-layer caused by infill walls uneven decorated. On the hypothesis of keeping the main load-bearing component invariant, two models were considered, i. e. frame with floor slab, and frame with both floor slab and infill wall. Furthermore, divide them into groups of the bottom, the middle and the top frail-layer to discuss by changing the arrange of infill wall. Time history analyses using three-dimensional sophisticated finite element method were conducted. The major findings are: 1)infill walls may significantly alter the failure mechanism of the RC frames. 2)controlling the initial interlayers lateral stiffness ratio in a reasonable range is an effective method to avoid frail-layer damage. These findings suggest that the effects of infill wall should be considered in seismic design, keep the initial interlayers lateral stiffness ratio less than the paper suggested, and the structural elasto-plastic analysis model should take slabs and infill walls into account.
Research on Control Effectiveness of Semi-Active MR-TMD to some Coal Gas Manufacturing Plant
Authors: Yan An Zhi , Kong Qi , Lu Jing Jing
Published: October 2011

A new semi-active MR-TMD control device, which is consisted of TMD which take the gasifier as the damper mass and a magneto-rheological damper, was proposed to solve the problem of factory building vibration when the gasifier is working in it. The feasibility and effectiveness of semi-active MR-TMD control system for structural vibration control under rectangular periodic excitations were simulated and analyzed by adopting one semi-active control algorithm proposed by the author. The control effect of semi-active MR-TMD, passive TMD and active AMD were compared by adopting the same model structure. Numerical simulations show that the damping performance of using semi-active MR-TMD control is better than that of using passive TMD control and active AMD control; the displacement and acceleration of the structure’s each floor have decreased significantly. It also indicates that the semi-active controlling method is available.