bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic efficiency of poultry egg production in Surkhandarya province, Uzbekistan
Authors: Ismoilov Zukhriddin , Togaymurodov Elbek , Omonov Aziz
Published: February 2023

The study assessed the determinants of efficiency of poultry egg production in Surkhandarya province of Uzbekistan. Data was collected through a multi-stage sampling technique and analysed using stochastic production frontier. The results revealed that feed intake and utility were the most important inputs in poultry egg production in the area. Furthermore, the study found the average efficiency estimate to be 87.64% and this was influenced positively by education, access to credit and experience. However, about 12.36% of the profit was lost to technical inefficiency. Findings from the study also showed that farmers were operating in stage one of production at 1.04, which is the area of increasing returns to scale. The study thus recommends that efforts should be made at ensuring the poultry farmers have access to credit and educational programs should be organized to sensitize farmers more on how to improve on their efficiency level. It is also recommended that farmers increase their stock of birds, have membership of Parrandasanoat Association, feed and utilities in other to operate at the stage two of production.
Integrating spatial database for predicting soil salinity using machine learning methods in Syrdarya Province, Uzbekistan
Authors: Omonov Aziz , Kato Tasuku , Fitriyah Atiqotun , Shirokova Yulia , Suvanov Anvar , Ismoilov Zukhriddin
Published: February 2023

Soil salinization of irrigated lands is a global problem in providing the necessary food and feed to meet the needs of a growing world population. Salinization in arid and semiarid areas can occur when the water table is three and more meters above the soil surface. Nowadays, innovative technologies are widely implemented in agriculture to increase yields and monitor changes in any area timely. Advanced technologies such as remote sensing (R.S.) data have become an economically efficient tool for assessing, detecting, mapping, and monitoring saline areas. This study aims to develop a spatial database for evaluating salinization using R.S. and GIS. This research employs various soil salinity indices based on Landsat 8 OLI images and other related geospatial datasets of the study areas. It aims to predict soil salinity using four machine learning methods (Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Random Forest (R.F.), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)). Results showed that R.F. is the most suitable for predicting the soil salinity in the study area with 93 percent overall accuracy. This research contributes to improving the quality of monitoring and improvement of the state of irrigated lands. Also, it develops a preliminary step toward decision-making tools for agricultural policies, such as managing saline areas related to crop production.
Obtaining a filter material used in gas and air purification
Authors: Ergashev Y. , Egamberdiev E. , Mirkhodjaeva D. , Akmalova G. , Umarova M. , Kholdarov R.
Published: February 2023

Modern technologies allow obtaining small diameter fibers used for fine filtration. Combined layer filter materials are made from such fibers. Nanofibers from 20 to 200 nm are actively used as components of filter materials. They are made of synthetic (polyamides, polyesters, aromatic polyamides, polyacrylates), biological (proteins, collagen) materials and activated carbon. According to their effect, they are similar to reverse osmosis membranes (they retain large anions, Ca, Mg cations, heavy metal ions, large organic compounds) and at the same time allow obtaining membranes with high permeability for small sodium ions. It is known that one of the main problems of environmental protection is the reduction of atmospheric pollution. Every year, a large amount of harmful compounds - oxides, various metal compounds, as well as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, stable organic compounds and acids are released into the atmosphere. The results of the study of the influence of the composite composition and the method of obtaining a filter material on its filtration properties and main indicators are presented.
Geographic Information System for changing the level of soil salinity in Jizzakh province, Uzbekistan
Authors: Ruziev Ilkhom , Samiev Lukmon , Mustafoyeva Durdona , Nortaev Shavkat , Yakhshiev Shohzod
Published: February 2023

The task of GIS is to receive, collect, analyze, store and transmit data in any format. Being able to access any of these data formats and accessing the program will further enhance GIS capabilities. The ability of GIS to conduct various statistical analyzes, mapping and creation of various databases ensures that it is more relevant and popularized in the area of land and water conservation. Therefore, the task of GIS is to receive, collect, analyze, store and transmit data in any format. Being able to access any of these data formats and accessing a meal program will further enhance GIS capabilities. In Uzbekistan, especially in the Jizzakh province, the reclamation state of irrigated lands and soil salinization is inextricably linked with the level of groundwater, their salinity and movement. The level of groundwater and its salinity depends largely on the technical condition of the drainage networks and the amount of atmospheric precipitation, the supply of fresh water during the vegetation period, and the movement of groundwater from outside. Discussed future of using GIS in different sphere. GIS gives possibilities to collect the data, renewing it or use new information in analysis. It requires quick change of GIS information about Earth because procedures in the Earth are dynamically changeable. Periodically changing information in GIS gives us possibility to get new information and analyse it. GIS technologies and techniques started using widely in all sphere of humanity. It is important to know its properties.
Establishing the influence of structure parameters of steel on their abrasive wear resistance
Authors: Berdiev D.M. , Umarova M.A. , Saydumarov B.M. , Ibodullaev T.N.
Published: February 2023

We studied carbon steels (from technical iron to Y8) and low-alloy steel 65G. The grades of these steels are regulated by GOST 8559-75. To create different structures in the studied steels, the samples were subjected to heat treatment. The processing modes were selected in such a way as to ensure the study of the effect on wear resistance of one structural parameter of steel with the relative stability of other parameters. The relationships between the parameters of the structure of heat-treated steels and their abrasive wear resistance are established. At all temperatures of the final tempering of hardened steel, there is a direct relationship between its structure parameters (the number of elements in a solid solution, the density of dislocations, the size of cementite particles and the intercementite distance) and wear resistance when sliding friction against loose abrasive particles. A computer program has been developed to select the chemical composition of the steel grade and methods of thermal hardening in order to ensure the required wear resistance.
Physico-chemical properties and research of acids contained in oils of Uzbekistan
Authors: Arslanov Sh. , Turabdjanov S. , Azimova Sh. , Azimov D. , Sultankhojaeva N. , Egamberdiev E.
Published: February 2023

The suitability of a new fuel can be assessed by comparing its profile with existing fuels in the library. Here we propose to use the same reasoning to develop a regression model for the physicochemical properties of the fuel.Determination of the physico-chemical properties of oxygen compounds of oil and petroleum products, and determination of the negative or positive effect of properties on the processes in practice is the direction of dolbzar. In this scientific study, the physicochemical properties of Petroleum acids were studied.
Development of sensitive measuring circuits for measurement of physicochemical parameters and their metrological characteristics
Authors: Masharipov Sh. M. , Kudratov J. Kh.
Published: February 2023

A sensitive measuring scheme has been developed for capacitive-semiconductor converters of humidity of dispersed media, and basic static characteristics have been obtained depending on the duration of bipolar pulses, providing an increase in accuracy and linearity of the static characteristics. A scientifically based increase in the reliability of the results of chemical analysis and physicochemical measurements, the identification and minimization of their errors are impossible without the use of the foundations of metrology - the science of measurements. At the same time, theoretical metrology is rather closely intertwined with the legislative - a set of state acts and regulatory documents that regulate the rules, requirements and norms that must be guided by when making measurements. Obviously, the more responsible the decision is made on the basis of the measurement results, the more stringent the requirements are imposed on them, the less the measurement results should depend on the subjective opinion of the experimenter. Main provisions of measurement error assessment and principles of uniformity of measurements required for rational performance of physical and chemical measurements and chemical analysis are presented. Regularities of normal and other most common types of random v.e. distribution are considered.
Hydrological analysis of livestock water reservoir using GIS technologies
Authors: Samiev Lukmon , Khamidov Abbos , Ungalov Akmal , Mamatisaev Giyosiddin
Published: February 2023

To correct this deficiency of nature, water reservoirs are built at existing water sources and water resources are managed (corrected). In order to fully and effectively use the water of rivers and streams and to prevent floods, it is necessary to correct the order of the river flow. This problem can be solved by building artificial water bodies - reservoirs. Each river is unique in terms of its source of saturation and hydrological regime. At the same time, depending on the type of management of water resources in the reservoir, and the plan for the use of collected water throughout the year, a separate plan is drawn up for each reservoir. Therefore, in studying the role of reservoirs in water resources management, attention should be paid to the characteristics of each water source and each reservoir. Water resources in our republic are extremely limited and unevenly distributed across the territory of our country. In order to correct this deficiency of nature, water reservoirs are built at existing water sources and water resources are managed. Today, geo-information systems offer their convenient capabilities in hydrological analysis. This work carried out hydrological analysis through geo-information systems. A river basin located on the base of the livestock reservoir was identified and the area was calculated. The area was found to be 392.5 km. The sequence of currents in the river basin and its total length were calculated, indicating 297.7 km. The flow density in the river basin was determined and divided into 5 categories, each category was given a separate color. The flow density was 0.76.
Development of safe products from local waste of oil and fat production
Authors: Rakhmatova Dilnoza , Musaev Matrufjan , Gulomova Gulnora , Aripkhadzhaeva Malika , Nizamova Dilrabo
Published: February 2023

Quicklime is a mixture of pieces of different sizes formed after coarse grinding of the fried product. According to its chemical composition, it is a mixture of calcium and magnesium oxides, the main composition of which is CaO. In small quantities, it may contain undecomposed calcium carbonate, as well as silicates, aluminates and ferrites of calcium and magnesium, formed during the interaction of clay and quartz sand with calcium and magnesium oxides. Quicklime ground lime is a powder product of fine grinding of lump lime. The formulation of the bitumen-replacing mixture consists of the following components, such as oil sludge, gossypol resin, quicklime and technical sulfur. Oil sludge is the most significant waste of the oil industry in terms of mass. A waste disposal methodology towards obtaining a bitumen-replacing mixture for the use of insulating and roofing coatings was created. According to the results, comparative tests of pilot batches of building bitumen -replacing mixture in terms of physical and mechanical characteristics in accordance with State standards 6617-76 showed that almost all 4 experimental batches of building bitumen -replacing mixture gave good performance. However, the experimental batch #4 changed stability and increased bitumen brittleness when 4% quicklime was added. After the test, the experimental batch #3 received good indicators of stability and brittleness.
Creation of selected items with high fiber yield and length based on cotton composite hybrids
Authors: Kholmurodova Guzal , Barotova Anisa , Namazov Shadman , Yuldasheva Rano , Jumashev Mamur
Published: February 2023

The wide range of possibilities of using double, complex and double crossing methods in cotton has been studied in selection research. As a result of the use of complex hybridization, valuable traits of varieties of different genetic origin can be collected in a single genotype in a short period of time. Because in the hybrids created on the basis of complex cross-breeding, the variability of quantitative characters is manifested on a large scale, and the possibility of extensive selection appears in these hybrid populations. It is important to use various breeding methods in cotton selection, which are widely used in other agricultural crops. As a result of transgressive variation occurring in composite hybridization in cotton, the increase in the possibility of isolating recombinants, which are the source of new genetic variations, which gives the opportunity to create new varieties with a positive set of valuable economic characters in a short time, has been confirmed in the selection of other crops. In the article, it is stated that the correct selection of parental pairs and the use of composite hybridization method are important for the improvement of fiber yield and fiber length in the creation of new varieties of cotton. In particular, the effectiveness of using T-3377, T-3378, T-3379 varieties, created on the basis of composite hybridization, in achieving positive results in terms of fiber yield and fiber length was highlighted.
Reduction of waste disposed to the environment through recycling of unused methyldiethanolamine
Authors: Igamqulova N. , Mengliev Sh. , Egamberdiev E.
Published: February 2023

A 30% aqueous solution of waste methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) can be regenerated, reused in gas treatment, and its residue can be used as a secondary raw material in another area of production. (HOCH2CH2)2NСH3 is separated from water by a 30% aqueous vacuum-extraction method. MDEA and its destroyed part remain in the column. In laboratory conditions, it was shown that the degree of purification from destruction products by this method is from 60 to 78%. The analysis of the research results showed that the parameters of the main operational properties (density, viscosity, surface tension, foaming) of purified amine were significantly improved.
Modern problems of bachelor tourism employment as an indicator of the state of the tourism industry
Authors: Karich Liliya , Dudkina Olga , Kedrova Irina
Published: February 2023

The article provides analytical data on the employment of graduates of the direction of bachelor training 43.03.02 "Tourism" year 2022. Trends and problems in the development of the tourism industry are identified formed by the requests and challenges of the changing socio-economic and political situation in the country and in the world. Factors of influence on the preservation of interest in the tourist sphere of professional activity and ways to strengthen these factors are determined. The most promising types of tourism for the formation of a strategy for the development of tourism companies in the region were noted.
Preservation of the natural landscape during construction
Authors: Pobegaylov Oleg
Published: February 2023

The issues of preservation of existing green spaces and other elements of the natural landscape during new construction are considered. The methods of preserving perennial plantations throughout the entire progress of construction are proposed. If it is impossible to save the tree on the construction site, a method of transplanting it to another place is proposed. A tree transplant scheme and a method for calculating its weight for the selection of equipment for digging and transportation have been developed. The methods of solving the problems of preserving the landscape needed by a person, maintaining the stability of the created infrastructure, a comfortable urban environment, as well as studying, analysing and predicting human actions on the natural landscape are proposed. The balance of the city’s territories has been developed, which provides a comfortable ratio of different zones of urban development for a person. When building in cramped conditions, it is proposed to lay out gardens on the roofs of houses, apply vertical greening of facades, and use the “garden city” construction method for large areas of development. The possibility of installing playgrounds and sports grounds in an already existing landscape without completely cutting down trees is described. The positive experience of updating the DSTU Student Park is given. The negative experience of the city of Rostov-on-Don is also given: the breakdown of a new park near the stadium built on the left bank of the Don.
Financing the digitalization of agribusiness: Russian and foreign experience
Authors: Yuryeva Oksana , Kovaleva Natalya , Shukhova Olga
Published: February 2023

The scientific article is devoted to the study of domestic and foreign experience in financing the digitalization of agribusiness. The purpose of the scientific research is a critical review and analysis of the best domestic and foreign practices for financing the digital reform of the agro-industrial complex and related problems and possible solutions. When preparing a scientific publication, general scientific methods (observation, comparison, measurement, analysis and synthesis, the method of logical reasoning) and specific scientific methods (static analysis, peer review, graphical method) were used. Results: a critical review of domestic and foreign practice showed a significant role of private and corporate investors in the face of venture funds, endowment funds of specialized universities and active processes of intercompany cooperation between agribusinesses and IT companies. In the Russian Federation, the practice of financing the digitalization of the agro-industrial complex, on the contrary, is built on the high centralization of financial resources represented by the state regulator - the Ministry of Agriculture and its subordinate funds. This leads to the conclusion about the need for a deep revision of the mechanism for providing financing in favor of decentralizing tools and popularizing the work of private and corporate funds for financing agrotech, as well as developing the practice of online application through the developing virtual banking service for financing the APK "Smart- Contract".
Professional online communication of a student in conditions of sustainable development of social systems
Authors: Scherbakova Tatyana , Misirov Dinamutdin , Akopyan Marina , Ogannisyan Larisa , Abacharayeva Maryam
Published: February 2023

The article presents a description of the internal predictors of student success as a subject of communication in digital professional communities. The determinants of student success as a subject of modern communication in the digital environment are described. The role of communicative control, empathy, the chosen strategy of behavior in a conflict situation in the implementation of productive communication is shown. An analysis of the features of the manifestation of internal predictors of student success in the context of interaction in professional digital communities is presented. The introduction presents an analytical review of psychological research on student success as a subject of communication in digital professional communities. Clusters of factors that determine the success of students' communicative activity in the digital professional and educational environment are generalized and typified. The aim of the study is to study the success of a student as a subject of communication in digital professional communities. The study used a method of communicative self-control, an empathy scale, a test for studying behavior strategies in conflict. The article describes the main results of the study of self-control in communication, the level of empathy and the strategy of behavior in conflict as predictors of student success as a subject of communication.
The results of the study of the amino acid composition of compound feeds during the extrusion of wheat grain with the addition of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens L.)
Authors: Babajanyan Arkady , Pakhomov Viktor , Rudoy Dmitry , Braginets Sergey , Maltseva Tatyana
Published: February 2023

The production of quality and inexpensive feed based on agricultural raw materials is the main way to increase the profitability and competitiveness of livestock production, ensuring its import substitution and high quality. It is known that in the structure of the cost of livestock products, 50-70% of all costs are accounted for by feed. Three variants of a mixture of crushed wheat grain and biomass of the black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) were extruded with the content of the latter 10, 15, and 20% by weight at different temperatures. The content of amino acids in raw materials and finished extrudate was determined. It was found that the feed mixture of crushed grain and black soldier fly larvae can be successfully extruded at a temperature of 121-135 °C. With an increase in the extrusion temperature in the range of 115-140 °C, the amino acid content in the finished extrudate decreases. The change in the content of insect larvae in the feed mixture does not affect the nature of the dependence of the amino acid content in the extrudate on the extrusion temperature and the course of the process. It was found that the content of amino acids in the extruded feed decreases with increasing speed with increasing temperature, regardless of the content of insect biomass. The rational range of the extrusion temperature of the feed mixture from wheat grain and insect larvae was determined – 121-127 °C, which ensures a reduction in the content of essential amino acids in the extrudate by no more than 30%. The extruded feed, which includes 15% of the biomass of insect larvae, contains 9.6 ± 0.13% amino acids, including 4.38 ± 2.01% of essential amino acids. The extrusion of insect larvae in a mixture with seeds of grain crops is a promising direction for improving the production of feed for fish and farm animals.
Variability in biological diversity of dinosaurs and types of their diet
Authors: Egorov Pavel , Nesterov Evgeny , Dubrova Stanislav , Shmoylov Konstantin , Markova Maria
Published: February 2023

Biodiversity analysis underlies macroevolutionary studies and allows to identify mass extinctions. Numerous studies of mass extinctions show that geological factors play a central role in determining the diversity dynamics. The late Cretaceous extinction is of interest to science as the closest to us extinction of the five mass extinctions that occurred in the Phanerozoic. There is currently no scientific consensus on the scenario in which the extinction occurred on land. In order to assess the features of superorderDinosauriadevelopment during the Cretaceous-Paleogene, the authors have analysed the diversity of terrestrial taxa of Mesozoic dinosaurs. Based on data from the paleobiodb paleontological database using the Python programming language and its libraries, the features of the species diversity ofDinosauriahave been studied. An attempt was made to quantify the species diversity of this group based on the ratio of predators to herbivores using data on dinosaur food types. The simulated diversity data were compared with observed patterns and existing estimates. It is likely that less than one-third of the dinosaurs that existed are currently known, as indicated by the geography of the fossils, and the proportions of dinosaurs by type of diet.
Seismic model of the Earth's crust and upper mantle beneath the Fennoscandian Shield
Authors: Lebedev Artem , Sharov Nikolay
Published: February 2023

Well-founded concepts of the crust and upper mantle structure of the Fennoscandian Shield were developed. Quantitative evidence for horizontal and vertical lithospheric heterogeneities was obtained. Highly detailed integrated geological and geophysical investigations, supported by superdeep drilling, have been conducted in the eastern part of the shield in recent years. Seismogeological crustal models of individual geotectonic provinces were constructed, which indicate that the structure of the crystalline crust displays a pattern of blocks, arranged hierarchically, with no persistent seismic boundaries across the entire shield. Both low- and high-velocity zones, correlatable with geological bodies, occur locally. The structural plans of contours and the velocities of various deep sections were shown to be inconsistent. We conclude that the upper mantle is laterally complex and heterogeneous, and that there is no asthenosphere in the classical sense of the word.
Photosynthetic activity of plankton in saline lakes under climatic fluctuations conditions
Authors: Tsybekmitova Gazhit , Fedorov Igor
Published: February 2023

Climate change causes the alternation of high-water and low-water years, which is reflected in morphometric characteristics of lakes. Changes in the depth and volume of water bodies affect the structural and functional activity of the ecosystem, including the growth and development of primary producers. The photosynthetic activity of water body plankton was shown on the example of Dabasa-nor lake and Kudzhertai lake located in the steppe territory of the South-Eastern Transbaikalia. The studied lakes differ in their hydrochemical composition. The content of chlorophyllain Dabasa-nor lake is lower than in Kudzhertai lake. Degraded form of chlorophylla- pheophytin is present only in Dabasa-nor lake, which currently has the least depth of its filling. Carotenoids, as more stable forms of pigments, dominate in the pigment diversity of lake plankton. Chlorophyllcwas not detected in any of the plankton of both lakes. Factor analysis of the main components showed the interdependence of a number of abiotic agents with the pigment characteristic of phytoplankton. Thus, under the current conditions of the period of lake water availability recovery after a long dry period, the photosynthetic activity of the water body ecosystem is experiencing certain difficulties.
Assessment of the impact of pile manufacturing technology on surrounding buildings in soft soils
Authors: Kopteva Anastasia , Osokin Anatoly , Kuchin Vyacheslav , Sidorkin Dmitry
Published: February 2023

Nowadays, the decrease in number of urban areas for buildings is observed. Therefore, a novel construction of buildings has to be carried out in dense buildings areas. Construction buildings in historical districts become the most complicated goal. In order to preserve the cultural heritage, to ensure the safety of existing buildings and structures, and also safe building under, it is necessary to competently select the technology of digging pile foundations. Technological precipitation usually occurs at dynamic and vibration effects during the operation of equipment on the site and at pile construction. These effects cannot be analysed and depend on the quality of the work performed, the equipment chosen correctly and the technology applied. It is intended to eliminate the possible technological precipitation of buildings in the surrounding area by applying gentle technology-intensive operations. The article provides and systematizes defects that occur during CFA (Continuous Flight Auger), DDS (Drilling Displacement System), etc. The analysis of factors that influence on the appearance of defects has been made, and also the estimation of technologies from the preparation of wells when installing drilling and embroidery piles on the surrounding development in weak soils has been made.
The results of strengthening the foundation with a bored pile with an enlarged pile base
Authors: Paronko Aleksandr , Samokhvalov Mikhail , Ashikhmin Oleg , Gejdt Vladimir
Published: February 2023

The article presents the results of static tests of a strip foundation fragment, strengthened with a bored pile, which has an enlarged pile base at its lower end. To evaluate the results obtained, tests were also carried out for the static load of a strip foundation fragment without strengthening with a bored pile with an enlarged pile base and a separately located bored pile with an enlarged pile base. According to the data obtained during tests for static load, dependence graphs were constructed: settlements of a strip foundation fragment without strengthening with a pile with an enlarged pile base from the pressure under its toe and settlement of a bored pile with an enlarged pile base from the static indentation load. As a result, it was found that the use of a bored pile with an enlarged pile base as strengthening of a strip foundation fragment made it possible to increase the maximum allowable pressure under the toe of a strip foundation fragment on the ground by an average of 25% and reduce the settlement of a strip foundation fragment by an average of 43%.
Investigation of the technological effects of jet grouting diaphragm on the pit enclosure
Authors: Voznesenskaya Elena , Denisova Olga , Tatarinov Sergey
Published: February 2023

The article considers the features of the technological impact on the “wall in the soil” of jet grouting diaphragm, arranged during the excavation of the pit at the reconstruction object in the conditions of dense historical buildings in the central part of St. Petersburg. It is established that under the influence of the pressure arising from the device of the spacer Jet diaphragm, the "wall in the ground" before the start of the main stages of the "zero" cycle receives a preliminary stress and an initial bend in the opposite direction to the pit. The maximum values of the initial displacements and forces are observed at the level of the Jet diaphragm and are comparable in magnitude with the calculated effect on the fencing of the "zero" cycle works (excavation of the pit, installation of the spacer system and the foundation plate). A series of numerical calculations has been implemented using the Plaxis 2D and 3D software package for modeling a single Jet well, a number of wells, an array of well belts and assessing the impact of their device on the surrounding soil and excavation. The results of numerical modeling of the operation of the pit enclosure and the stress-strain state of the soil mass when the Jet-diaphragm is installed on the reconstruction object are presented. The results obtained were compared with the data of full-scale geotechnical monitoring of the state of the "wall in the ground". The proposed method of numerical modeling of the Jet-diaphragm device process has shown sufficient convergence with the results of field studies.
Refinement of the Calculated Ground Resistance Value for the Volumetric Stress-Strain State
Authors: Kondratieva Lydia , Osokin Anatoly , Skvortsov Kirill
Published: February 2023

Despite the fact that the Mohr-Coulomb theory of strength appeared more than a hundred years ago, many authors are still conducting research in accordance with the recommendations to find optimal solutions to practical problems. From the Coulomb-Mohr theory, a huge number of methods for solving applied problems were formed, for example, the initial critical load, which is useful for research in the article. This formula is no longer new, but despite this, it is still the object of research. The authors of this article consider the case of the assumption, applying it when issuing a formula for the initial critical load. Based on the initial critical load, a formula for the design soil resistance was obtained, which is still regulated by codes and standards in the field of design. The authors reflect the main ependencies that appear in the calculation of the stress-strain state in soil mechanics. Based on these dependencies, the amount of allowable stress is revealed, under which the condition of linear deformability will be satisfied. The authors have shown that the proposed formula for any stability parameters will correspond to the Mohr-Coulomb limit state condition. The conclusion of the article compares the effect of the formula obtained by the authors and the recipe of the formula obtained by N.P. Puzyrevsky.
Geotechnical justification of the stadium construction on water-saturated soils under seismic loading
Authors: Mirsayapov Ilizar , Koroleva Irina
Published: February 2023

One of the main issues in the design of bases and foundations on water-saturated soils in conditions of possible seismic impacts is the geotechnical substantiation of the possibil-ity of construction. Among the main influencing factors, one can single out the assessment of the ability of water-saturated sandy soil to resist vibration liquefaction. The paper presents the re-sults of studying the behavior of sandy soil samples under conditions of triaxial cyclic loading, which is equivalent in strength to seismic action. The urgency of the problem lies in the study of the process of vibration liquefaction with an assessment of the deformability of water-saturated soils under dynamic influences. The tests were carried out in a pneumatic stabilometer. A special technique has been developed that provides for the imposition of dynamic stresses on the static stress state of the samples. The criteria for vibration liquefaction have been determined. A ge-otechnical substantiation of the possibility of building a stadium on water-saturated sandy soils under conditions of seismic loading has been carried out. The parameters of the earthquake, in which the soils will show liquefaction, have been established.
Modification of High-Lime Dry Mixes for Restoration
Authors: Cherevko Sergey , Kharitonov Aleksey , Pukharenko Yuri , Kharitonova Tatiana
Published: February 2023

Lime dry mixes for plaster and masonry are widely used for the restoration of architectural monuments. At the same time, lime mortars in modern conditions can be considered as insufficiently technological, since their hardening largely depends on the relative humidity of the ambient air and requires a rather long period of exposure to achieve normalized strength. This leads to a slowdown in the pace of work and a general increase in the cost of restoration. To overcome this shortcoming while maintaining other performance characteristics of the lime mortar unchanged, it is proposed to modify the composition of the mix by introducing an additive that accelerates setting and hardening in the optimal quality. In this paper, additives of various nature are considered. The most effective additives from the point of view of setting and hardening acceleration, but not radically changing the basic operational properties of the solidified mortar, have been determined. Compressive strength and vapor permeability were considered as the main properties of solutions.
The Competitive Advantages of RIT Technology
Authors: Kharin Yury
Published: February 2023

Construction project engineers are faced with the task of ensuring reliability and durability of pile foundations while achieving their cost-efficiency. This paper presents the experimental data on implementation of RIT technology, a Russian know-how in the field of pile foundations that has been successfully used by construction projects in Russia and abroad. Evidence is presented of the advantages that make RIT-piles an undeniably competitive choice over conventional pile designs. This article discusses the use of the RITA pile technique in Russia, Germany and Tunisia. The comparison of the bearing capacity of piles manufactured using Fundex technology and piles-RIT operating under the same initial conditions and almost the same initial dimensions is shown. According to the results of work in Germany, the piles-RIT received product testing by the German institute DIBt. Particular attention is paid to the experience of using piles in the conditions of weak soils of the coastal areas of Tunisia. It is shown that when replacing traditional bored piles with piles-RIT, the cost of pile foundations is reduced. The production time of pile foundations is reduced by 2-3 times.
Testing reinforced soil cushions on the soaked subsidence base
Authors: Setev Nyamdorj , Nyamdorj Odontuya , Dalain Dashjamts , Mangushev Rashid
Published: February 2023

Neogene friable deposits of the Quaternary age, widespread in Mongolia, belong to loess-like subsidence soils, mainly of type I in terms of subsidence, and are of kyrogenic-sublimation origin. As a result of the sublimation process of permafrost ice (the most recent Altai-Tunguska ice age, which covered most of the Euro-Asian region 15-18 thousand years ago) and seasonal deep frozen soils, occurring for many years in deep frozen subsidence soils, the structure is decompacted, as a result of the latter, porosity n=(50÷65)%, porosity coefficient e = (0.70÷0.84), density of dry soil ρd=(1.35÷1.60) ton/m3 or undercompacted, moisture content of sandy loam W=(0.04÷0.06) and loam W=(0.05÷0.08), as a result of repeated freezing and thawing, cracking and grinding of the solid part of the soil occurs, based on this, the content of silty parts is 50-60%. In recent years, experimental and theoretical studies have been actively carried out in many countries of the world to improve traditional soil cushion solutions using geosynthetic materials for horizontal and vertical reinforcement. Currently, in the soil conditions of Mongolia, research work has not been carried out to introduce the method of reinforced soil cushions due to the lack of an appropriate design standard and other regulatory documents. This article discusses the results of stamp field tests to determine the deformation characteristics of highly compacted soil cushions made of crushed stone-sand mixtures and local sandy loam soils with horizontal geosynthetic reinforcements from geogrid and geotextile, modeled in 6 different combinations on pre-soaked subsidence bases.
The experience of modeling anti-landslide structures on a slope of fill soils (on the example of the Victory Square memorial complex in the city of Voronezh)
Authors: Kosinova Irina , Korneva Darya , Korabelnikov Nicolay , Budarina Victoria , Maslennikov Nikita
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this work was to substantiate the system of strengthening measures as part of the large-scale renovation of the memorial complex "Victory Square" in Voronezh. The research methodology was based on a route survey of the slope, fixing elements of its structure violation, drilling operations. Results obtained: calculations of the stability of the slope acting as the base of the complex were carried out. By computational and analytical methods using the GEO5 software package, various structures of fortifying structures were modeled and the final version with the taking into account the possibilities of their construction. The device of the following complex of devices is recommended: 1) a series of stabilizing piles along the edge of the slope - drilling, reinforced concrete, diameter 0.4-0.5 m, length 12.0-10.0 m, the upper end of the pile is the surface of the site, the distance between the wells is 1.5-2.0 m, the distance from the edge of the slope is 1.0-1.5 m; 2) the retaining wall at the base of-the spit is 1.0 m deep, the width at the base is 1.5 m, the height (of the part facing the slope) is 3.0 m, the material is concrete. This work can serve as an example of analyzing the condition of slopes stacked with bulk soils, as well as carrying out protective measures on such slopes and modeling anti-landslide structures.
The analysis of clay soil shrinkage
Authors: Gabibov Farkhad
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the analysis of the capillary and water-colloidal theories of clayey soil shrinkage. The method by which the volumetric shrinkage of the clay soil was determined is that the soil sample is made conical, with an angle at the top of 45-75º, and it is dried in a container geometrically similar to the sample with permeable walls. With kaolinite clays, the shrinkage process has a duration of one week, with hydromicaceous clay of around two weeks, and with montmorillonitic clays three weeks. There is a parabolic dependence between the duration of clay shrinkage and the specific surface area of clay. A series of experiments and calculations have been performed, based on Kulchitsky-Usyarov clay soil model, to determine the limit values of capillary pressure in montmorillonite, hydromicaceous and kaolinite clays using the Laplace formula. At the limit of normal shrinkage, the total porosity for Ca-montmorillonite is 0.45, for Ca-hydromica - 0.25, for Na-kaolinite - 0.385. Calculations showed that during shrinkage the capillary pressure reaches: for Ca-montmorillonite – 48.6 MPa; for Ca-hydromica 8 MPa; for Na-kaolinite - 5.2 MPa. The results obtained practically coincide with the results obtained by K. Terzaghi. Studies on the cyclic “moisture-drying” of clays selected at an experimental site in Ujar (Azerbaijan) showed that after the first “swelling-shrinkage” cycle, with secondary moistening, the swelling of the samples was 12-18 times higher than the primary value.
Research on adaptive application of traditional lingnan building materials – taking Macau as an example
Authors: Cao JunRui , Zheng Liang , Guo YiChenFei
Published: February 2023

With the rapid development of the economy in our country, modern new materials and new technologies have emerged, which have gradually replaced the use of traditional building materials as well as related technologies. However, as the most intuitionistic embodiment and cultural carrier in the process of architectural design and expression, the congenial construction materials will inevitably reduce the architectural diversity and culture connotation, and make the regional differences disappear gradually. Based on this, this paper explores the combination of traditional building materials with modern technology and techniques to realize the renewal and utilization of the traditional construction materials, better reflect the regional culture of Lingnan architecture and enrich the diversity of modern architecture.
Determination of the bearing capacity of a building and structures of energy facilities
Authors: Kakharov Zaytjan , Yavkacheva Zulxumor
Published: February 2023

The article presents the ability of the technical condition of buildings and structures of energy facilities in areas with unstable soil and a high level of groundwater. A method for determining the energy of a falling hammer when a pile is immersed in the ground, the height and speed of the fall of the impact part of the hammer, as well as the energy constant A (J/kg) and α (J/s), on which all energy calculations are based, are considered. Calculations for testing driven piles are given. static load. The energy hidden in the soil increases with increasing layer thickness, and this makes it possible to determine the stress in the soil at various depths from the surface.
Integrated security assessment engineering construction object
Authors: Bakaeva Natalya , Matyushin Denis , Chernyaeva Irina
Published: February 2023

Following the direction from traditional urban development to urban development, the problem of ensuring the safety of buildings and structures on the principles of biosphere compatibility has been formulated. The existing concepts and modern methods of ensuring the safety of engineering and construction objects of the city’s living environment are analyzed. It is concluded that it is necessary to apply an integrated approach to ensuring the safety of buildings and structures, the definition of integrated security from the point of view of the concept is presented. Criteria have been developed to ensure the integrated safety of engineering and construction objects of the city’s life environment from the perspective of transforming the city into a biosphere-compatible and developing person. It’s proposed an algorithm of calculation analysis to determine the parameters of the integrated security of engineering and construction projects of the city. Numerical studies were carried out to assess the level of integrated safety of engineering and construction projects using residential facilities for the city of Kursk as an example.
Identifying critical success factors for construction projects in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmad Shabir , Aftab Faisal , Eltayeb Tarig , Siddiqui Kamran
Published: February 2023

The construction projects of process industry plants are complex due to the involvement of numerous stakeholders and uncertainty in environmental factors. The internal and external factors affecting the successful execution of the projects vary across industries and countries. It is vital to identify the critical factors for a geographic region and devise the appropriate strategies for the successful execution of the projects. This study aims to identify the critical success factors for construction projects in Saudi Arabia. To achieve the objective, data collected through questionnaire surveys from 342 project managers, directors, engineers, staff, and construction directors were analyzed in SPSS. The findings showed that construction industry projects in Saudi Arabia are usually constrained by five major factors including the project manager’s qualification and experience, project management practices, timely availability of skilled manpower and equipment, clarity of project definition and scope, and weather conditions, The findings imply that Saudi construction firms need to recruit professionally qualified project managers, establish project management office (PMO), revisit supply chain strategies, and provide alternate working hours during tough weather conditions. Further implications, recommendations, and future research directions are discussed in the end.
Design and technological methods for buildings and structures in bases and foundations
Authors: Ovchinnikova Svetlana , Schneider Elena , Lyamina Alla
Published: February 2023

Buildings and structures are erected on the foundation of ground or arranged in the soil column, and the subsoil can also be used as a building material. Its stability, durability, reliability and appropriate operation are determined not only by the structural qualities of the structure, but also by the properties of the foundation soil itself and the conditions of interaction between the structure and the foundation. Insufficiently studied engineering and geological conditions at the construction site, poorly designed bases and foundations, failure to considerably increase the weight of the building during its reconstruction or technical re-equipment, when erecting new buildings near the existing buildings, often cause their unacceptable deformations which can cause damage and sometimes even complete destruction of the erected buildings. The improvement of design and technological solutions in the field of foundations and foundations will result in saving both labor and material resources, and will reduce the construction period. This paper studies the properties of unstable soils, various difficulties in the design and construction of buildings and structures in special soil conditions with unstable structural relationships, the analysis of a variety of methods to strengthen the foundation soils and ways to combat deformations of buildings and structures.