bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verified Parental Cardiovascular Events for Young and Middle-Aged Ischaemic Stroke Patients and Controls
Authors: Boland Solveig , Nawaz Beenish , Øygarden Halvor , Fromm Annette , Næss Halvor , Waje-Andreassen Ulrike
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Nonmodifiable cardiovascular risk factors, like age and sex, are easily quantifiable. Due to immense technical progress in diagnostics and medical data storage, the aim of this study was to quantify, verify, and to compare parental cardiovascular events (CVE) as an additional nonmodifiable risk factor for young and middle-aged ischaemic stroke patients and controls. Methods. Information about parental CVE was first obtained by standardized questionnaires answered by 385 acute ischaemic stroke patients (15-60 years of age) and 260 controls. After consent to contact living and include deceased parents, patients and controls provided necessary personal identification of their parents. Thereafter, CVE were verified by standardized questionnaires answered by parents or medical records in case of deceased parents. Results. One hundred-and-nine (14.2%) of 770 patient parents vs. 128 (24.6%) of 520 control parents were not available for verification. Active participation was obtained for 229 (73.9%) of 310 patient parents vs.113 (58.2%) of 194 control parents. Medical record verification was obtained for 192 (54.7%) of 351 deceased patient parents, vs.103 (52.0%) of 198 deceased control parents. This study showed highest death rates of fathers (65.3% patient fathers and 57.6% control fathers) and highest numbers of CVE, especially myocardial infarction among patient fathers of patients aged 50-60 years. Discussion and Conclusion. Obtaining verified parental CVE as a nonmodifiable risk factor is still challenging, despite widely available digital medical information. To attain more accurate information on parental CVE, we recommend active involvement of family members in addition to medical record verification, especially for patients aged <50 years. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with NCT01597453
Interpretations of Innovation: The Role of Technology in Explanation Seeking Related to Psychosis
Authors: Higgins Oliver , Short Brooke L. , Chalup Stephan K. , Wilson Rhonda L.
Published: February 2023

Background. The prominence of technology in modern life cannot be understated. However, for some people, these innovations or their related plausible advancements can be associated with perceptual misinterpretation and/or incorporation into delusional concepts. Objective. This paper aims to explore the intersection of technological advancement and experiencing psychosis. We present a discussion about the explanation seeking that incorporates the concept, that for some people, of technological innovation becoming intertwined with delusional symptoms over the past 100 years. Methods. A longitudinal review of the literature was conducted to synthesize and draw these concepts together, mapping them to a timeline that aligns computing science and healthcare expertise and presents the significant technological changes of the modern era charted against mental health milestones and reports of technology‐related delusions. Results. It is possible for technology to be incorporated into the content of delusions with evidence supporting a link between the rate of technological change, the content of delusions, and the use of technology as a way of seeking an explanation. Moreover, analysis suggests a need to better understand how innovations may impact the mental health of people at risk of psychosis and other mental health conditions. Conclusions. Clinical experts and lived experience experts need to be informed about and collaborate with future research and development of technology, specifically artificial intelligence and machine learning, early in the development cycle. This concurs with other artificial intelligence research recommendations calling for design attention to the development and implementation of technological innovation applied in a mental health context.
A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Link Dynamic Vehicle Count Forecasting with Bayesian Optimization
Authors: He Chunguang , Wang Dianhai , Yu Yi , Cai Zhengyi
Published: February 2023

The link dynamic vehicle count is a spatial variable that measures the traffic state of road sections, which reflects the actual traffic demand. This paper presents a hybrid deep learning method that combines the gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network model with automatic hyperparameter tuning based on Bayesian optimization (BO) and the improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN) model. There are four steps in this hybrid approach. First, the ICEEMDAN is employed to decompose the link dynamic vehicle count time series data into several intrinsic components. Second, the components are predicted by the GRU model. At the same time, the Bayesian optimization method is utilized to automatically optimize the hyperparameters of the GRU model. Finally, the predicted subcomponents are reconstructed to obtain the final prediction results. The proposed hybrid deep learning method is tested on two roads of Hangzhou, China. Results show that, compared with the 12 benchmark models, the proposed hybrid deep learning model achieves the best performance in link dynamic vehicle count forecasting.
Racism Dissemination Model and Simulation Analysis Considering Crowd Classification with Intervention Strategies
Authors: Mamo Dejen Ketema , Mengstie Tarekegn Kassahun
Published: February 2023

The extensive propagation of racism and the endless occurrence of racist speeches on social outlets imperil the harmony and resilience of societies. Consecutively, it is required to work in-depth analysis of the structure process, dynamical interaction, and intervention impact on racism spread and related devastation. As such, the diffusion of racism may flow via a socially contagious approach, in which racist ideologies bear like an infectious disease transmission. In this study, we propose and analyze the

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compartmental mathematical model to comprehend how racists disseminate their opinions and influence society with intervention strategies. We proved the well-posedness of the proposed model. Convection, hesitation, and rejection of racist ideology measure the strength of racist militancy. Through rigorous theoretical analysis, racism-free and racism-addicted equilibrium are locally and globally asymptotically stable if the effective threshold value

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, respectively. Sensitivity analyses are performed based on the effective threshold value to seek influential control parameters of the model. The result implies high levels of racist combativeness and low likelihood of rejection of awarded individuals have fostered racism dissemination. Nevertheless, effective antiracism education and racist confinement create a social environment beyond racism and reduce the peril of bigotry. Through extensive simulations, we study the racism dissemination process will decline and vanish if the community resilience boots via antiracism education and efficient racist confinement. Furthermore, racist confinement is more effective when compared to antiracism education. We examine the impact of integrating interventions, and the result exhibits that combining intervention strategies is better relevant than a sole intervention.
Improved Response Surface Method Based on Linear Gradient Iterative Criterion
Authors: Xia Yu , Kong Wenzheng , Yu Yingye , Hu Yiying , Li Jinyou
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the problem of big calculation error in solving reliability index by the traditional response surface method, an improved response surface method based on the linear gradient iteration criterion is proposed. First, the linear gradient iteration criterion is proposed to reduce the iteration step size with the increase of iteration times. It will improve the fitting accuracy of response surface and lead to a better convergence while approaching the limit state surface. Then, the reduction coefficient of the linear gradient iterative criterion is studied. The optimal value of coefficient is 0.2. The improved response surface method will get a more accurate reliability index quickly. Examples show that the proposed method has obvious advantages of high accuracy and efficiency. The application of this method can also be expanded in other similar engineering structure.
Transvenous ICD Implantation into a Coronary Sinus Branch: A Safe and Feasible Alternative to Deliver ICD after Tricuspid Valve Reconstruction
Authors: Gruszczynski M. , Müller-Burri A. , Häussler A. , Breitenstein A. , Rodriguez Cetina Biefer H. , Dzemali O.
Published: February 2023

Significant lead-induced tricuspid regurgitation after cardiovascular implantable electronic devices is not uncommon. Absolute or relative contraindications to place the lead in the right ventricle after tricuspid valve (TV) surgery still remains a challenge. We report about successful lead extraction followed by transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead placement in the side branches of coronary sinus after TV reconstruction. Furthermore, we discuss therapeutic options to deliver concomitant anti-bradycardia therapy, technical pitfalls, and surgical approaches.
Novel Model-free Optimal Active Vibration Control Strategy Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Zhang Yi-Ang , Zhu Songye
Published: February 2023

Neural networks (NNs) can provide a simple solution to complex structural vibration control problems. However, most past NN-based control strategies cannot guarantee an optimal policy in structural vibration control. In this study, a novel active vibration control strategy based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed, which utilizes the learning ability of NN controllers and simultaneously provides control performance comparable to traditional model-based optimal controllers. The proposed learning algorithm can determine the control policy through interaction with the environment without knowing dynamic system models. This study shows that the proposed model-free strategy can provide optimal control performance to various systems and excitations. The proposed control strategy is first verified on a single-degree-of-freedom model and subsequently extended to a multi-degree-of-freedom shear-building model. Its control performance with full-state feedback is nearly the same as that of a classical linear quadratic regulator. Moreover, the learned policy can outperform a traditional output feedback controller in a partially observed system. The robustness of the proposed control strategy against measurement noise is also tested.
Factors Influencing Dropout Students in Higher Education
Authors: Nurmalitasari  , Awang Long Zalizah , Faizuddin Mohd Noor Mohammad
Published: February 2023

Dropout students are a severe problem in higher education (HE) in many countries. Student dropout has a tremendous negative impact not only on individuals but also on universities and socioeconomic. Consequently, preventing educational dropouts is a considerable challenge for HE’s institutions. Therefore, knowing the factors influencing student dropout is an essential first step in preventing students from dropping out. This study uses a mix of qualitative and quantitative approaches. To determine what variables affect student dropout, we use a qualitative approach, after which the variables found will be validated by the public and stakeholders using a quantitative approach. Then, the next step is to classify variables using a quantitative approach. This study observes dropout students at private universities in Central Java, Indonesia. The findings reveal that personal economic factors, academic satisfaction, academic performance, and family economics are the most influential. The results of this paper are significant for universities in Indonesia, especially Central Java, to overcome the problem of student dropouts, so that they are more precise in making decisions. In addition, the results of this study are also helpful for further research as a basis for predicting students dropping out of university.
Antimicrobial Activities and Biopreservation Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from Raw Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Milk
Authors: Kalhoro Muhammad Saleem , Anal Anil Kumar , Kalhoro Dildar Hussain , Hussain Tarique , Murtaza Ghulam , Mangi Mazhar Hussain
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and biopreservation potential of lactic acid bacteria. The potential probiotic culture inhibited the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative foodborne pathogens in agar spot assay with inhibition zones ranging from 10 to 21 mm in diameter. The strains showed coaggregation capabilities ranging from 7 to 71% with tested food pathogens including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium. The effect of cell-free supernatants on the release of 260 nm absorbing material, especially nucleic acids, was evaluated and indicated the antagonistic activity on foodborne pathogens, the highest being Lactobacillus paraplantarum against E. coli (3.77) and S. aureus (3.86) after 60 min. The effect of cell-free supernatant (CFS) on the growth of pathogens showed that Lactobacillus paraplantarum 11 and L. pentosus 93 had the highest inhibitory activity against tested strains. The biopreservation assay indicated that the potential probiotic strains Lactobacillus paraplantarum 11 (BT), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 19, Lactobacillus pentosus 42, Limosilactobacillus fermentum 60, Lactobacillus pentosus 93, and Limosilactobacillus reuteri 112 were effective in reducing the Listeria monocytogenes population in raw buffalo milk. Complete Listeria monocytogenes inhibition was observed after 6-8 days. This study showed that probiotic LAB from buffalo milk have antimicrobial and biopreservation potential; these strains have the potential to be utilized as biopreservative agents in food products.
Backfire Patch Antenna with Enhanced Gain and Low Side-Lobe Level under Triple-Mode Resonance
Authors: Zhao Meng-Li , Ji Fei-Yan , Lu Wen-Jun , Xiao Yong , Zhang Da-Shuai , Zhu Lei
Published: February 2023

A novel design approach to wideband, triple-mode resonant microstrip patch antenna with enhanced backfire gain and low side-lobe level, is advanced. The antenna consists of a 2.0-wavelength sectorial magnetic dipole and an annular sector reflector which width is an odd multiple(s) of 1/4-wavelength. Under high-order mode resonance, the principal radiator and the reflector can be tuned to electrically couple, thus simultaneously to yield enhanced backfire radiation and low side-lobe level. As is numerically simulated and experimentally validated, the width of reflector is finally determined to be 3/4-wavelength. In that fashion, the antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth of 43.6%, with a backfire gain up to 7.3 dBi and a first side-lobe level as low as -16.4 dB in V2X-band withinxy-plane.
Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Promotes Human Osteosarcoma Proliferation, Migration through Activation of the Wnt/b-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Hang , Fu Shijian , Wang Wenbo
Published: February 2023

LncRNA HOTAIR exhibited different effects in human cancers. However, the role of HOTAIR was not reported in osteosarcoma. This study aimed to explore the function of HOTAIR in osteosarcoma. Firstly, we examined HOTAIR expression in breast cancer tissues by the RT-qPCR assay and examined HOTAIR protein expression via immunocytochemistry, to chemical assay, and Western blot. Then, for further exploring the function of HOTAIR, we also examined it by CCK-8 and transwell assays. Downregulation of HOTAIR was detected in osteosarcoma, which predicted poor prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma. Moreover, cell migration, invasion, and proliferation were suppressed by HOTAIR overexpression in osteosarcoma. Furthermore, LPR5 was a direct target of HOTAIR, which was upregulated in osteosarcoma. Especially, the upregulation of LPR5 could impair the suppressive effect of HOTAIR in breast cancer. HOTAIR was found to negatively regulate the EMT and Wnt/β-cadherin pathways in osteosarcoma. HOTAIR repressed the progression of osteosarcoma via regulating LPR5 and suppressing the Wnt/β-cadherin pathway. Our findings will provide a positive reference for studying the function of HOTAIR in osteosarcoma.
Millimeter-Wave Broadband MIMO Antenna Using Metasurfaces for 5G Cellular Networks
Authors: Cao Thanh Nghia , Nguyen Minh Tam , Phan Huu Lam , Nguyen Duc Dung , Vu Dinh Lam , Nguyen Thi Quynh Hoa , Kim Jung-Mu
Published: February 2023

Developing a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) antenna that enables wide bandwidth with its operating band covering the entire global 5G spectrum is highly desirable but very challenging for achieving both compact size and high-performance antenna. Herein, the mm-wave microstrip patch antenna (MPA) and its multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configuration based on the metasurfaces for 5G system applications are proposed and investigated by the simulation method. To improve performance and keep the low-profile and low-cost MPA antenna, square ring resonator (SQRR) metasurface and radiating patch are printed on a single dielectric layer. With the presence of the metasurfaces that acting as a secondary radiator, the performance of the designed antenna is significantly improved with a wide operating band in the range of 23.9-30.7 GHz, high peak gain of 9.4 dBic, and radiation efficiency of above 87%. Based on this design, four-port MIMO antenna configuration is performed for evaluating a MIMO system that realizes the advantage features such as compact size, wide bandwidth covering the entire global mm-wave 5G spectrum band of 24.25-29.5 GHz, and excellent diversity performance characterized by good isolation between the adjacent elements and low envelope correlation coefficient. Thus, the MIMO antenna design is a very promising candidate for 5G MIMO mm-wave applications, specifically in cellular systems.
Griseofulvin Radiosensitizes Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells and Activates cGAS
Authors: Wang Xing , Raman Natasha , Lemtiri-Chlieh Ghali , Chang Jinhee , Jagtap Shreya , Chowdhury Dipanwita Dutta , Ballew Matthew , Carrieri Francesca Anna , Nguyen Triet , Nugent Katriana , Peck Travis , Levine Michelle S. , Chan Aaron , Lam Christine , Malek Reem , Hoang Tung , Phillips Ryan , Cheng ZhuoAn , Taparra Kekoa , Connis Nick , Hann Christine L. , Holland Andrew , Tran Phuoc T. , Lafargue Audrey , Wang Hailun
Published: February 2023

Extra copies of centrosomes are frequently observed in cancer cells. To survive and proliferate, cancer cells have developed strategies to cluster extra-centrosomes to form bipolar mitotic spindles. The aim of this study was to investigate whether centrosome clustering (CC) inhibition (CCi) would preferentially radiosensitize non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Griseofulvin (GF; FDA-approved treatment) inhibits CC, and combined with radiation treatment (RT), resulted in a significant increase in the number of NSCLC cells with multipolar spindles, and decreased cell viability and colony formation ability in vitro. In vivo, GF treatment was well tolerated by mice, and the combined therapy of GF and radiation treatment resulted in a significant tumor growth delay. Both GF and radiation treatment also induced the generation of micronuclei (MN) in vitro and in vivo and activated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) in NSCLC cells. A significant increase in downstream cGAS-STING pathway activation was seen after combination treatment in A549 radioresistant cells that was dependent on cGAS. In conclusion, GF increased radiation treatment efficacy in lung cancer preclinical models in vitro and in vivo. This effect may be associated with the generation of MN and the activation of cGAS. These data suggest that the combination therapy of CCi, radiation treatment, and immunotherapy could be a promising strategy to treat NSCLC.
Targeting Senescence as a Therapeutic Opportunity for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: de Paula Bruno , Kieran Rosalind , Koh Samantha Shui Yuan , Crocamo Susanne , Abdelhay Eliana , Muñoz-Espín Daniel
Published: February 2023

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with an elevated risk of recurrence and poor prognosis. Historically, only chemotherapy was available as systemic treatment, but immunotherapy and targeted therapies currently offer prolonged benefits. TNBC is a group of diseases with heterogeneous treatment sensitivity, and resistance is inevitable and early for a large proportion of the intrinsic subtypes. Although senescence induction by anticancer therapy offers an immediate favorable clinical outcome once the rate of tumor progression reduces, these cells are commonly dysfunctional and metabolically active, culminating in treatment-resistant repopulation associated with worse prognosis. This heterogeneous response can also occur without therapeutic pressure in response to damage or oncogenic stress, playing a relevant role in the carcinogenesis. Remarkably, there is preclinical and exploratory clinical evidence to support a relevant role of senescence in treatment resistance. Therefore, targeting senescent cells has been a scientific effort in many malignant tumors using a variety of targets and strategies, including increasing proapoptotic and decreasing antiapoptotic stimuli. Despite promising results, there are some challenges to applying this technology, including the best schedule of combination, assessment of senescence, specific vulnerabilities, and the best clinical scenarios. This review provides an overview of senescence in TNBC with a focus on future-proofing senotherapy strategies.
Regulation of Prostate Androgens by Megalin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D Status: Mechanism for High Prostate Androgens in African American Men
Authors: Garcia Jason , Krieger Kirsten D. , Loitz Candice , Perez Lillian M. , Richards Zachary A. , Helou Yves , Kregel Steve , Celada Sasha , Mesaros Clementina A. , Bosland Maarten , Gann Peter H. , Willnow Thomas E. , Vander Griend Donald , Kittles Rick , Prins Gail S. , Penning Trevor , Nonn Larisa
Published: February 2023

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer mortality and is hypothesized to contribute to prostate cancer aggressiveness and disparities in African American populations. The prostate epithelium was recently shown to express megalin, an endocytic receptor that internalizes circulating globulin-bound hormones, which suggests regulation of intracellular prostate hormone levels. This contrasts with passive diffusion of hormones that is posited by the free hormone hypothesis. Here, we demonstrate that megalin imports testosterone bound to sex hormone-binding globulin into prostate cells. Prostatic loss of Lrp2 (megalin) in a mouse model resulted in reduced prostate testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels. Megalin expression was regulated and suppressed by 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) in cell lines, patient-derived prostate epithelial cells, and prostate tissue explants. In patients, the relationships between hormones support this regulatory mechanism, as prostatic DHT levels are higher in African American men and are inversely correlated with serum 25D status. Megalin levels are reduced in localized prostate cancer by Gleason grade. Our findings suggest that the free hormone hypothesis should be revisited for testosterone and highlight the impact of vitamin D deficiency on prostate androgen levels, which is a known driver of prostate cancer. Thus, we revealed a mechanistic link between vitamin D and prostate cancer disparities observed in African Americans.

Significance:

These findings link vitamin D deficiency and the megalin protein to increased levels of prostate androgens, which may underpin the disparity in lethal prostate cancer in African America men.
Secondary Caries Detection and Treatment Decision according to Two Criteria and the Impact of a Three-Dimensional Intraoral Scanner on Gap Evaluation
Authors: Moro Bruna Lorena Pereira , Michou Stavroula , Cenci Maximiliano Sérgio , Mendes Fausto Medeiros , Ekstrand Kim Rud
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro performance in detecting caries around composite restorations in permanent posterior teeth and the impact of treatment decisions of two visual criteria: International Dental Federation (FDI) criteria and the Caries Associated with Restorations and Sealants (CARS) system. The correlation among secondary caries and the presence of gap measured with a three-dimensional (3D) intraoral scanner was also aimed. One hundred sixteen teeth were assessed by a trained and calibrated examiner according to the FDI criteria or CARS system. A second examiner measured the gap on the 3D models using specific software. The reference standard was the histological examination performed by a third examiner blind to the other evaluations. Other 30 extracted permanent teeth were used only to assess the reproducibility of the methods. The same random sample was selected for re-examination by all three methods, and there were 7 days between the examinations. Unweighted and weighted kappa tests were conducted to assess intra-examiner reproducibility. Spearman’s correlation coefficient (Rho) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated between the histological examination and scores obtained with FDI criteria, CARS system, and treatment decisions. Spearman’s correlation between the visual and scanner evaluation with the reference standard was performed. Spearman’s rank correlation analyses were conducted independently between the gap evaluated and measured by the visual inspection with the gap assessed using the scanner. The reproducibility of the visual score systems reached high values. Spearman’s correlation coefficients (Rho; 95% CI) between the following variables versus histology were the FDI presence of caries (0.65; 0.53–0.74); CARS scores (0.65; 0.52–0.74); FDI treatment decision (0.46; 0.31–0.59); and CARS treatment decision (0.62; 0.49–0.72). Rho (95% CI) between histology and the gap assessment by the visual inspection was 0.59 (0.45–0.70), the gap measurement by the visual inspection was 0.49 (0.33–0.62), and the gap measured by the scanner was 0.37 (0.18–0.53). Both visual criteria present similar performance in detecting caries. The correlation among treatment decisions is moderate for the FDI and CARS criteria, and both are moderately correlated with lesion depth, with a slight CARS superiority. However, visual examination presents better performance than the 3D intraoral scanner on gap size assessment.
Evaluation of a Novel Skin Emollient Cream on Skin Lipidome and Lipid Organization
Authors: Jacques Carine , Dejean Caroline , Klose Christian , Leccia Emilie , Bessou-Touya Sandrine , Delarue Alain , Duplan Hélène
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The stratum corneum (SC) matrix is composed of free fatty acids, cholesterol, and ceramides (CERs), which play a key role in the skin barrier function. Changes in the composition and content of skin lipids will affect the function of the skin barrier. The effect of a glycerol/petrolatum-based emollient (G/P-emollient) cream on the lipid profiles of isolated ex vivo human SC and the SC of a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model was measured. Methods: The spatial organization of the cream and the isolated SC intercellular matrix were studied using X-ray diffraction. The inter-bilayer distances in the multi-lamellar lipid structures and lattice type were analyzed using small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. Lipidomic analysis using shotgun lipidomics was performed on RHE models to quantify CER classes and chain lengths. This technology enables the analysis of thousands of lipids in a single biological sample. Results: The crystallized components of the cream are lipids, which were mainly packed in orthorhombic lattices, as well as hexagonal lattices and were similar to the SC structure. The cream penetrated the SC but did not alter the WAXS profile. It increased the amount of higher carbon number CERs (>42 carbons) and decreased lower carbon number CERs (<42 carbons). All chain length of CERs and acyl-CER classes (CER EOS, EOH, EOP, EOdS) were increased as the total CER classes. A decrease of the CER C34 for hydroxylated and non-hydroxylated CERs was also observed. The cream altered the S and P CER forms (increased the NP/NS and AP/AS ratios), indicating it could reduce the relative feedback mechanism observed in inflammatory pathologies, for example, atopic dermatitis. The cream increased CER NP, which is decreased in dry skin. Conclusion: G/P-emollient cream may be beneficial for skin pathologies by modifying SC lipids, balancing CER levels and ratios, and improving the barrier function. Importantly, the cream structure mimics that of the SC and penetrated the lower SC layers without compromising its lamellar structure.
“Your Skin Tells You” Campaign for Keratinocyte Cancers: When Individuals’ Selection Makes the Difference
Authors: Fargnoli Maria Concetta , Antonetti Paolo , Atzori Laura , Taddeucci Paolo , Di Stefani Alessandro , Grandi Vieri , Lospalluti Lucia , Lacarrubba Francesco , Vaccari Sabina , Amerio Paolo , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Rossi Mariateresa , Campione Elena , Caposiena Caro Raffaele Dante , Moscarella Elvira , Rongioletti Franco , Pellegrini Cristina , Peris Ketty , Discab
Published: February 2023

Background: Prevention campaigns for skin cancers have focused primarily on melanoma, and over time there has been increasing awareness of the need to select the population to be screened to maximize program effectiveness. Objectives: The objective of the study was to report the results of a free dermatological initiative, as part of an awareness campaign dedicated to keratinocyte cancers, targeting individuals pre-selected through a short questionnaire. Methods: One day of dermatological consultations was held at 15 dermato-oncology referral centers during May 22–June 30, 2021. For selection, individuals answered a telephone interview consisting of 7 yes/no questions on risk factors. Demographics, clinical characteristics of suspicious tumors, and histopathologic diagnosis of excised lesions were collected. Suspicion rate, detection rate, and positive predictive values (PPVs) for any skin cancer, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), and melanoma were calculated. Results: A total of 320 individuals (56.9% males; 43.1% females) with a median age of 69.6 (range 21–91) years qualified for the screening initiative. Overall, skin cancers and precancerous lesions were diagnosed in 65.9% of the patients. Suspicion rate was 28.7% for any skin cancer (92/320), 22.8% for BCC (73/320), 4.7% for cSCC (15/320), and 1.2% for melanoma (4/320). Detection rate was 23.4% for any skin cancer (PPV 93.7%), 18.1% for BCC (PPV 95.1%), 4.4% for cSCC (PPV 93.3%), and 0.9% for melanoma (PPV 75%). Conclusions: Selection of individuals at high risk is a cost-effective approach for early detection campaigns for keratinocyte cancers.
Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor Precursor Contributes to a Proinflammatory Program in Monocytes/Macrophages After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Jia‐Nan , Luo Ru‐Yi , Luo Cong , Hu Zhao‐Lan , Zha An‐Hui , Shen Wei‐Yun , Li Qiao , Li Hui , Fu Di , Dai Ru‐Ping
Published: February 2023

Background

The imbalance of monocyte/macrophage polarization toward the preferential proinflammatory phenotype and a lack of normal inflammation resolution are present in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Our previous study showed that upregulation of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) in M2‐like monocytes may contribute to the proinflammatory response in the Stanford type‐A acute aortic dissection. The present study aimed to investigate the role of proBDNF signaling in monocytes/macrophages in the progress of AMI.

Methods and Results

We observed the upregulation of proBDNF in the proinflammatory monocytes of patients with AMI. The upregulation of proBDNF was also observed in the circulating proinflammatory Ly6C
high
monocytes and cardiac F4/80
+
CD86
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macrophages 3 days after AMI in a mice model. To neutralize proBDNF, the mice subjected to AMI were injected intraperitoneally with a monoclonal anti‐proBDNF antibody. Echocardiography, 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, and positron emission tomography/computed tomography results demonstrate that monoclonal anti‐proBDNF antibody treatment further impaired cardiac functions, increased infarct size, and exacerbated the proinflammatory state. Moreover, the level of proinflammatory Ly6C
high
in the blood and F4/80
+
CD86
+
in the heart was further increased in monoclonal anti‐proBDNF antibody mice. RNA sequencing revealed that matrix metalloprotease‐9 protein level was dramatically increased, along with the activated proinflammatory‐related cytokines. Matrix metalloprotease‐9 inhibitor treatment attenuated the deteriorated effect of monoclonal anti‐proBDNF antibody on cardiac function and infarct areas.

Conclusions

Our study shows that endogenous proBDNF in monocytes/macrophages may exert protective roles in cardiac remodeling after AMI by regulating matrix metalloprotease‐9 activity.
Three new combinations in the genus Phanera (Fabaceae: Cercidoideae) including the lectotypification of Bauhinia strychnifolia
Authors: JIANG KAI-WEN , GU SHI-RAN , LI SHI-JIN , TU TIE-YAO , ZHANG DIAN-XIANG
Published: February 2023

Three new combinations in the genus Phanera are here proposed for the species originally placed in Bauhinia s. l., in which we also designate a lectotype for the name Bauhinia strychnifolia Craib.
A review of the genus Micropachyiulus Verhoeff, 1899 and description of the related Armeniopachyiulus gen. nov. (Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae: Pachyiulini)
Authors: VAGALINSKI BOYAN , EVSYUKOV ALEKSANDR P. , CHUMACHENKO YURI A. , ZABIYAKA IGOR Y.
Published: February 2023

The European millipede genus Micropachyiulus Verhoeff, 1899 is revised based on type and non-type material, and on the available literature. The genus Hylopachyiulus Attems, 1904 is established as a junior subjective synonym of Micropachyiulus, syn. nov. Micropachyiulus ocellatus (Antić & Akkari, 2018) is thus listed as a new combination, comb. nov. Two new species—Micropachyiulus caucasicus sp. nov. and M. filiformis sp. nov.—are described from Russia and Romania, respectively. In addition, a presumably closely related monospecific genus, Armeniopachyiulus gen. nov., and its sole species A. pokr gen. et sp. nov. are described from Armenia. A brief discussion on the systematics and distribution of the studied taxa is presented.
Simultaneous Detection of Sculpture Defects Based on Vision and Positioning Method
Authors: Deng Dexiang , Zhang Lingjiang
Published: February 2023

The crack detection and effective maintenance of sculpture cultural relics have attracted more and more attention. However, for surface defects. Autonomous detection is mostly based on vision. The detection range of this type of method is limited to a common defect with a large crack
width and easy identification. The conditions are too harsh. In reality, various types of defects usually appear, and they only occupy a small part of the inspection image. In addition, the difference between the parameters and the surrounding image parameters is small, which can easily lead
to missed detection and false detection. In addition, most of the current researches only focus on defect detection. Little attention is paid to defect positioning, and this is the indispensable information for repairing and protecting sculptures. Part of the research proposed GPS positioning,
but GPS signals are easily lost in a relatively complex geographic environment, and its infrastructure is not reliable and will increase Positioning costs. In this regard, this paper proposes a vision-based defect detection and positioning network method, which can be used in harsh conditions
Detect, and locate defects, Which also set A supervised Deep Convolutional Neural Network is calculated. This paper also creates a training method to optimize its performance on the neural network. Experiments show the detection accuracy of this method is 80.7%, and the positioning accuracy
of each image is 86% at 0.41 s (in the field. In the test experiment, it is 1200 pixels).
Automobile Cab Air Detection Based on Hollow Sphere NiO Gas Sensor
Authors: Jia Jiaqi , Zhu Guichang , Yang Sai , Zhao Ying , Mao Yongzhi , Dong Qingqi , Zhang Liangliang , Wang Xingye , Guo Xinming , Zhang Lingjiang
Published: February 2023

A novel NiO hollow sphere was synthesized by a simple water bath method while the carbon balls served as templates. Characterization and gas-sensing performance of NiO hollow spheres were tested. Owing to its hollow structure, the NiO obtained large specific surface area and abundant
active sites. Furthermore, the gas sensors showed the enhanced formaldehyde sensing performance obtained a gas response of 21 to 50 ppm formaldehyde at 300 °C, short response/recovery time as 12 and 20 s, and excellent stability. These results indicate that the NiO hollow spheres play
an important role on the VOCs sensing performance for practical detectors.
Evolutionary Mechanism of Coal Breaking by High-Pressure Water Jets Based on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Chen Lihuan , Gao Dianrong , Cheng Muzheng , Guo Liwen
Published: February 2023

Currently, coal bed methane (CBM) resources are in urgent need of development to alleviate the problem of resource constraints. This paper proposes a new method for detecting CBM gas by using the electroluminescence optical properties of the material to establish an electro-luminescence
analysis method and the effect of CBM gas on the electro-luminescence intensity of nanomaterials to explore the electro-luminescence properties of nanomaterials and their influencing factors. In this paper, we investigate the high-pressure water jet drill bit for coal rock crushing by theoretical
analysis, numerical simulation and rock breaking and punching tests, from the mechanism of coal rock crushing by jet, drill bit structure design, drill bit internal structure optimization and drilling and punching tests. By introducing acoustic emission technology, online monitoring of the
coal seam crushing process was achieved. Physical tests and numerical simulations focusing on high-pressure water jet impact studied the crushing mechanism and damage characteristics of concrete under high-pressure water jet impact, improved the accuracy and safety of high-pressure water jet
crushing technology, and investigated the crushing process of concrete and the damage distribution near the erosion hole. The extraction of CBM through very small radius radial drilling technology is one of the main trends in current exploration and development. The core component of radial
drilling technology is the water jet bit, which has a decisive influence on the drilling efficiency and extraction results of radial drilling technology. Among many types of jet bits, the high-pressure water jet bit has the advantages of stability and reliability, strong drilling capacity,
etc. It is suitable for the technical requirements of radial drilling, but the research on the mechanism of coal rock fragmentation and its flow field characteristics needs further study.
Optimal Precursors for Central Pacific El Niño Events in GFDL CM2p1
Authors: Yang Zeyun , Fang Xianghui , Mu Mu
Published: February 2023

Compared to the canonical eastern Pacific El Niño, the understanding and ability to predict the central Pacific (CP)-type event still need further improvement. In this study, the principal component analysis–based particle swarm optimization algorithm (PPSO) is applied in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model version 2p1 (GFDL CM2p1) to obtain the optimal precursors (OPRs) for CP El Niño events, based on the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) method. For this, three normal years with neither El Niño nor La Niña events, i.e., three cases, are chosen as the reference states. The obtained OPRs for these cases exhibit a consistent positive sea surface temperature (SST) perturbation distribution in the subtropical North Pacific (20°–40°N, 175°E–140°W), which is further proven to be crucial for the evolution of CP El Niño based on the Northern and Southern Hemisphere significance test results. Mechanically, these positive SST perturbations are enhanced and reach the equatorial Pacific via wind–evaporation–SST (WES) feedback to evolve into a CP El Niño at the end of the year. The nonlinear approach is adopted to investigate the predictability of CP El Niño events and can shed some light on future studies.
Valid Time Shifting for an Experimental RRFS Convection-Allowing EnVar Data Assimilation and Forecast System: Description and Systematic Evaluation in Real Time
Authors: Gasperoni Nicholas A. , Wang Xuguang , Wang Yongming
Published: February 2023

This study describes a real-time implementation of valid time shifting (VTS) within the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation–based ensemble-variational (EnVar) data assimilation system, developed at the Multi-Scale Data Assimilation and Predictability Laboratory. This system, featuring data assimilation of mesoscale conventional observations and storm-scale radar reflectivity observations and interfaced with the next-generation Finite Volume Cubed Sphere Dynamical Core limited-area model (FV3-LAM), was run in real-time during the 2021 Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Forecast Experiment. The VTS method efficiently increases ensemble size by incorporating ensemble forecast output before and after the central analysis. Two configurations were examined to systematically evaluate VTS: a baseline 36-member system with hourly data assimilation (NOVTS), and an experiment testing VTS for the radar analysis step. Verification across 22 cases shows statistically significant benefits of VTS to increase ensemble spread and better fit first guesses to observations. Control member forecasts launched at 0000 UTC have consistently higher skill, lower bias, and higher reliability in VTS than in NOVTS throughout the 18-h forecast evaluation period, especially from severe cases often featuring upscale growth into mesoscale convective systems. Verification of updraft helicity-based ensemble surrogate severe probabilistic forecasts against observed storm reports shows higher skill of VTS when verifying on finer scales, with benefits to constraining higher probabilities over report locations and reducing probabilities over no-report locations. This study is a first step toward the next-generation Rapid Refresh Forecast System (RRFS), demonstrating the feasibility of such a real-time system and the potential benefits of VTS implementation.
Implications of psychiatric diagnosis for Voluntary Assisted Dying in Victoria
Authors: Peereboom Jim
Published: February 2023

Voluntary Assisted Dying is a process whereby terminally ill patients are provided a lethal dose of medication for them to voluntarily ingest to end their life. Victoria, Australia, implemented legislation permitting Voluntary Assisted Dying for terminally ill adult patients with a life expectancy less than 6 months. Ethical dilemmas arise when terminally ill patients with a comorbid mental illness attempt to access Voluntary Assisted Dying because of the complex relationship between psychiatric conditions and suicidal ideation. This paper seeks to investigate the most ethical approach for doctors to respond to such a request by discussing objections raised in other literature to patients with a comorbid psychiatric illness aiming to access Voluntary Assisted Dying in Victoria. To answer this question, objections to terminally ill patients with a comorbid psychiatric illness accessing Voluntary Assisted Dying were found through review of literature. Discussion of these objections centred around unpacking the two historical ethical justifications for Voluntary Assisted Dying: respect for autonomy and relief of suffering. Regarding autonomy, contention focused on competency to make autonomous decisions. Not all psychiatric patients lack competency to decide about Voluntary Assisted Dying, and there are comparable competency assessments used in psychiatry today. Considering suffering, objections related to the authenticity of the intolerable nature of a patient’s suffering out of concerns that it has been influenced by their condition, and that the psychiatric illness may still be treatable. However, given suffering is subjective, its perception is not lessened if the source is psychological in nature. Furthermore, it is challenging to justify a position where a patient is forced to spend the last months of their life enduring suffering that has been historically refractory to multiple, genuine treatment efforts. Not all terminally ill patients with a comorbid psychiatric disorder will lack competency to choose Voluntary Assisted Dying, and many will have genuine suffering for which they are requesting Voluntary Assisted Dying. Multidisciplinary, holistic assessments for these patients are not mandated, but would be useful to address the issues, overcome barriers to access and determine that applicants are making an authentic request.
‘5T’ Approach to Governance Transformation: Finding a Doctrinal Basis for Further Research
Authors: Mishra Santap Sanhari
Published: February 2023

Public management reform is a continuum that accommodates various reform approaches with the passage of time. The basic objective of such approaches is to transform governance by enabling the swifter and better delivery of public services to citizens. In 2019, the government of Odisha, a state in India, introduced teamwork, transparency, technology and a time-bound programme for transforming governance (popularly called the 5Ts), aiming to provide good governance to its citizens. This article searches for a proper theory to fit this popular practice of the 5Ts approach to governance and also proposes models for carrying out further research.
Interphase parameter prediction in nanocellulose composites using young modulus modeling
Authors: Ghasemi Somayeh , Ghasemi Behnood , Espahbodi Amirhossein , Asadpour Ghasem
Published: February 2023

In this study, the Ji-developed model for modeling the young modulus of nanocomposites was suggested to predict interphase thickness (Y) and modulus (Ei). The resulting model was evaluated for accuracy by comparing it to the experimental young moduli of various samples. Additionally, the effects of using a compatibilizer or modified nanocellulose on the interphase thickness and modulus of nanocellulose composites are investigated. Those samples exhibiting the highest Y and Ei parameters are TPS/NFC, PA6/NCC, and PVA/NCC, which can form hydrogen bonds with nanocellulose hydroxyl groups due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds. When compatibilizers are applied to nanocomposites or modified nanocellulose is applied in the polymer matrix, interphase parameters increase. In PLA/NFC composites, MA coupling agents were used to increase Y by 4000%, while Ei increased by 1045%. Moreover, the Y and Ei of CNCs modified with aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APS) in polyamide-6/NCC increased from 0.35 to 0.69 (97.14%) and 35.26 to 58.7 (66.47%). The Ji model was also investigated with and without considering the interphase thickness. As a result, the model became better fitted to experimental young modulus results by considering the interphase parameter in nanocomposites.