bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Turkey in the Post-Soviet Space in US Foreign Policy Analysis
Authors: Chmyreva Vera
Published: April 2023

The subject of the study is a set of current ideas, concepts and strategies of representatives of American expert community on Turkish issues. The relevance of the work is determined by the need for a comprehensive analysis of the process of geopolitical transformations in the region taking into account the rising role of Turkey. The research is based on publicistic sources, which include analytical studies, articles, reports and expert assessments of specialists from the leading centers and institutions. The paper shows that the study of the potential of Turkish influence is intended to find a manageable balance of power in the region where Turkey will not oppose to American interests. It is noted that in the post-Soviet space Turkey has already become an indispensable player, proactive and ready to fill the vacuum of political will and power swiftly. The author points out that the expert community emphasizes differing degree of geopolitical influence of Turkey and Russia in the post-Soviet space, which determines the readiness of Turkish leadership to rely on NATO support as a counterbalance to the historical influence of Kremlin in the region. The author concludes that US still considers Turkey as a strategically valuable partner, and in certain scenarios the Republic has a chance to get carte blanche for a sovereign foreign policy and secure a place of a new key player; in this case, the USA can find a new manageable equilibrium in which Turkey's unfriendly actions will not undermine American strategic interests.
Sexualidade e autoestima entre mulheres idosas
Authors: Oliveira Edna Beatriz Costa , Santos Paola Maria Freitas dos , Molina Nayara Paula Fernandes  Martins , Ferreira Pollyana Cristina dos Santos , Rodrigues Leiner Resende
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Descrever as características socioeconômicas e demográficas, a autoestima e a satisfação/desempenho sexual entre mulheres idosas residentes na comunidade. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal e observacional, realizado com 136 idosas, em uma cidade de Minas Gerais, Brasil, via contato telefônico, entre outubro de 2020 a maio de 2021. Foram incluídas mulheres com 60 anos ou mais, residentes na zona urbana, e que possuíam condições de responder as perguntas por telefone. Os dados socioeconômicos e demográficos, autoestima e satisfação/desempenho sexual feminino foram analisados por meio do software SPSS. Resultados: Predominaram idosas na faixa etária entre 70 e 79 anos, brancas, católicas, viúvas, com ensino fundamental incompleto e renda familiar entre 2 a 4 salários mínimos. Sobre a autoestima, verificou-se escore médio de 9,02 pontos. Das 136 idosas participantes 17,65% referiram ter relações sexuais nos últimos seis meses. Destas o escore médio obtido no Quociente Sexual Feminino foi de 59,58 pontos, sendo que 44% foram classificadas com satisfação/desempenho sexual desfavorável a regular. Conclusão: As idosas apresentaram elevada autoestima; entretanto, destacaram-se os baixos percentuais daquelas que mantêm vida sexual ativa e da satisfação com satisfação/desempenho sexual, apontando para a necessidade dos profissionais de saúde estarem atentos às demandas específicas da mulher idosa.
Bending Saturation Index – A Novel Index of Old Symptom a Marker of Elevated Filling Pressure in Heart Failure
Authors: Reddy Purushotham
Published: April 2023

Objectives:

Bendopnea is a symptom in patients with heart failure (HF) defined as shortness of breath when bending forward. It is mediated by increased ventricular filling pressure during bending forward. Qualification of bendopnea and its correltion with other symptoms and parameters of HF is not a much explored area. In this study, we studied the frequency of bendopnea in patients admitted with HF and a index of difference between sitting and bending saturations and its correlation with clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic and short-term mortality.

Material and Methods:

We conducted a study of 150 patients admitted with DHF in the span of 5 month and followed for 1 month. Bendopnea is defined as subjective sensation of worsening shortness of breath after bending for 1 min or more. Saturations after bending for 1 min are also recorded for each patient. Bendopnea saturation index (BOSI) is calculated as difference between saturations at baseline and after bending over, its percentage over baseline saturation (SaO2 sitting - SaO2 bending/SaO2 sitting*100).

Results:

It was present in 61 patients (40.7%). Among 150 patients, 11 patientns (7.3%) expired. Orthopnea was more frequent in patients with bendopnea compared to patients without (59% of patients with bendopnea also had orthopnea and 34.8% of patients without bendopnea had orthopnea, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.03). Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) was present in 29.5% of patients with bendopnea and 11% of patients without bendopnea (P = 0.05). The patients with bendopnea had higher right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) (49.9 ± 1.6) compared to patients without bendopnea (33.5 ± 0.9). Average NT pro BNP values were 8717 ± 950 pg/mL in patients with bendopnea and 1110 ± 99 pg/mL in patients without bendopnea (P < 0.005). Mean BOSI was 4.4 (±2.9) in patients with bendopnea and 0.4 (±0.09) in patients without bendopnea. There was a negative correlation between BOSI and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and positive correlation between BOSI and RVSP. Among patients with bendopnea, six patients expired, when compared with patients who were alive after 1 month using t-test, patients who expired have higher average BOSI (P < 0.005).

Conclusion:

Bendopnea and falling of desaturation on bending is a sign of significance in HF patients. The presence of bendopnea correlated with increased pulmonary arterial pressure and with other symptoms of respiratory variation, namely – orthopnea and PND, and higher values of biomarker (NTproBNP). BOSI, but not bendopnea had significant positive correlation with RVSP, and negative correlation with LVEF. BOSI also correlated with short-term mortality.
Neurodevelopmental profile of children with congenital hypothyroidism at 18–42 months of age: A case study from South India
Authors: Singh Anshika , Bhattacharyya Shaila , Sasidharan Shruthi , Sankar Chitra
Published: April 2023

Objectives:

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common preventable cause of intellectual disability in the world. It has been shown in multiple studies that with early detection and treatment of CH normal cognitive function is attainable. The Bayley scales of infant development (BSID) have been used extensively to evaluate the developmental functioning and to assist in planning of treatment for infants with neurodevelopmental delays or disabilities. The aim of the study was to assess the neuromotor and neurocognitive development of children with CH and to correlate it with treatment initiation, duration, and normalization of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) post-replacement therapy.

Material and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study, where children with diagnosed CH were selected from two tertiary care centers. The children aged between 18 and 42 months were called for the neurodevelopmental assessment using BSID-III.

Results:

A total of 53 children diagnosed with CH were enrolled. The mean age of children was 29.53 ± 8.7 months during the study. On evaluating the children, mean cognitive composite score (CS) was 102.83 ± 12.77. Mean language CS was 106.55 ± 19.47. Mean motor CS was 111.45 ± 16.4. We noticed that there was statistically significant negative correlation between time for normalization of TSH and BSID-III motor score (P = 0.03). There was no statistically significant correlation between day of initiation of treatment, initial TSH level, or dose of levothyroxine to the BSID-III (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Neurodevelopmental retardation has been detected in children with CH in whom time taken for normalization of TSH was longer. Babies diagnosed with CH should be under regular follow-up for evaluation of neuromotor developmental status by a multidisciplinary team.
Hypopituitarism in a preterm infant with history of congenital syphilis and intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors: Castelbranco-Silva Ana , Martins Marta , Cunha José da
Published: April 2023

A baby girl was born at 29 weeks and 2 days gestation with a physical examination notable for petechial rash, hepatosplenomegaly, and hydrops. The baby was born before the mother could be rescreened for syphilis and non-treponemal tests were positive at birth. The first weeks of life were complicated by clinical instability and post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus that probably resulted from a combination of prematurity and syphilis. During the 2nd month of life, she showed a failure to thrive, persistent hypoglycemia, and diabetes insipidus and was diagnosed with hypopituitarism. Hormonal substitution treatment was challenging and required multiple adjustments until satisfactory control was attained.
Influence of various factors on functional outcome prediction in surgery of large idiopathic macular holes
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Russian Federation, Solodkova E.G. , Akhmedov A.E. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Russian Federation, Zotov A.S. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Russian Federation, Balalin A.S. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Russian Federation, Balalin S.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Russian Federation, Marukhnenko A.M. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Russian Federation, Efremova T.G. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Volgograd Branch, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Purpose.To evaluate the effect of various factors on the prognosis of functional outcome after surgical treatment of large macular holes. Materials and methods. The results of surgical treatment of idiopathic macular holes (over 400 µm) in 47 patients (47 eyes) were analyzed. Endovitreal intervention of 25 or 27 G was performed with removal of epiretinal membrane and air tamponade. Results. Mean values of the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal photosensitivity have been significant improved postoperatively: BCVA – from 0,12 ± 0,1 to 0,24 ± 0,18 (p<0,01), photosensitivity – from 20,07 ± 3,85 dB to 21,43 ± 3,44 dB (p<0,05). The mean value of the predicted BCVA according to the maximum hole diameter was 0.21 ± 0.0898. There was no dependence of BCVA on patients' age, duration of macular hole (more than 6 months) and anterior-posterior eyeball size (p<0.05). Conclusion. Prediction of visual acuity after surgery is dependent by the initial retinal photosensitivity in the macular zone as well as the maximal diameter of the macular hole. Key words: idiopathic macular hole, microperimetry, vitrectomy, optical coherence tomography
Intravitreal injection of Vigamox (Moxifloxacin preservative-free) combined with Vancomycin for treating postoperative endophthalmitis
Authors:   «Astana Vision Shymkent» clinic, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Abdrakhmanov A. , Izmullaev B. ,   «Astana Vision Shymkent» clinic, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2023

Acute bacterial postoperative endophthalmitis is inflammation of the internal eye eyeball tunic with the formation of exudate in the vitreous chamber and / or anterior chamber which can quickly lead to an irreversible loss of visual functions, and sometimes loss of the eye as an organ developing most often after surgical treatment of cataracts. The generally accepted standard of the acute bacterial postoperative endophthalmitis treatment (the «gold standard») includes vitrectomy, sampling of contents of the vitreous chamber and anterior chamber for microbial analysis, and determination of its sensitivity to antibiotics. Intravitreal injection of Vancomycin at a dose of 1 mg/0.1 ml and Ceftazidim at a dose of 2.25 mg / 0.1 ml at the final stage of the intervention. To date, the choice of antibacterial substances for intravitreal injections remains open. One of the drugs that meet the requirements is Moxifloxacin; antibacterial drug of fluoroquinolone group with bactericidal effect. It is active against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria and Gramnegative bacteria, anaerobic, acid-resistant and atypical bacteria. Keywords: acute bacterial postoperative endophthalmitis, intravitreal administration of antibacterial drugs, safety of moxifloxacin and vancomycin, endophthalmitis treatment standards
Assessment of microcirculation according to OCT-A in diabetic retinopathy
Authors:   Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Bakhritdinova F.A. , Urmanova F.M. ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Tuychibaeva D.M. ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the leading cause of blindness worldwide. The purpose of the study was to determine the characteristics of microcirculation in patients with type 2 diabetes without clinical signs of retinopathy in the fundus and at different stages of DR using the OCT-A method. As a result of the studies, an increase in the area of the FAZ with the progression of the severity of the disease, as well as a decrease in the density of parafoveal superficial and deep vessels at different stages of DR, was revealed. In the deep plexus, the decrease in vascular density occurred earlier, manifesting in patients with type 2 diabetes without DR, compared with the superficial plexus, where it began with moderate to severe NPDR and was more pronounced in PDR. Thus, a decrease in the density of the capillary network of the deep vascular plexus, which are detected even at the preclinical stages of the development of DR and increase as the disease progresses. can serve as a marker of disease severity in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, microcirculation, optical coherence tomography-angiography
Aspects of surgical repair of macular hole with atypical epiretinal tissue: case report
Authors:   FSBI «CCB with polyclinic» UDP RF, Moscow, Avanesova T.A. ,   Eye Microsurgery Clinic «Otkritie», Sergiev Posad,   Medical center «League+», Reutov, Anisimova V.V. ,   FSBI «CCB with polyclinic» UDP RF, Moscow, Doronichev R.A. ,   Eye Microsurgery Clinic «Otkritie», Sergiev Posad, Miaev D.H. ,   Medical center «League+», Reutov, Totskaya V.A. ,   Medical center «League+», Reutov
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To present the surgical features of successful repair of macular hole with atypical epiretinal proliferation. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the treatment of 4 patients with macular hole-associated epiretinal proliferation. All patients underwent a preoperative examination – a standard ophthalmological examination, optical coherence tomography of the macular area with hole diameter measurement, confirmation of the presence of epiretinal tissue. Surgery consisted of the stages: vitrectomy, staining of the epiretinal tissue, its careful exfoliation with end-griping forceps, cutting off the floating part by a vitrector using «shaving» mode and preserving the remnants of the tissue around the edges of the hole, finishing with air tamponade. During the postoperative period the patient followed the «face down» position continuously for 3 hours. Results. In all cases the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increased and closure of the macular hole was achieved. Conclusions. 1. Surgical treatment of a macular hole with atypical epiretinal tissue has specific features that are not characteristic of the traditional treatment of an idiopathic macular hole. 2. The presence of a fixed perifoveal border of epiretinal tissue is an intraoperative feature. 3. Preservation of the perifoveolar border of epiretinal proliferation contributes to the closure of the macular hole without any additional mechanical manipulations or the use of biological adjuvants. 4. For a better understanding of the regenerative properties of epiretinal proliferation, it is necessary to increase the study sample, as well as to conduct histological studies of this tissue. Keywords: macular hole, epiretinal proliferation, atypical tissue, yellow tissue, perifovea corona phenomenon
Analysis of cases of postoperative endophthalmitis according to the Kirov ophthalmological hospital
Authors:   Kirov state ophthalmology hospital, Kudyavtseva Y.V. ,   FSBEI HE Kirov SMU MOH Russia, Demakova L.V. ,   Kirov state ophthalmology hospital,   FSBEI HE Kirov SMU MOH Russia
Published: April 2023

The aim of the work was to analyze the features of the etiopathogenesis of postoperative endophthalmitis and to develop an algorithm for the actions of doctors of various structural units when making a diagnosis. Material and methods. For 5 years from 2018 to 2022, 10 cases of postoperative endophthalmitis were recorded in the Kirov Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital: 4 after cataract surgery, 4 after intravitreal injections, 1 after posterior vitrectomy, 1 after plastic filtration cushion. Results. Our clinic has developed an algorithm that prescribes the actions of doctors upon admission of a patient diagnosed with endophthalmitis. The patient is immediately hospitalized for urgent indications, intravitreal administration of vancomycin 0.1 ml and ceftazidim 0.1 ml is performed, 0.1 ml is taken from the vitreal cavity for sowing. The patient is prescribed conservative anti-inflammatory, antibacterial treatment. According to the indications, vitreoretinal surgery is performed up to 6 hours after diagnosis. Conclusion. Endophthalmitis, despite the successes achieved in the development of ophthalmology, remains a serious disease with difficult to predict treatment results. This pathology requires timely and effective treatment to ensure satisfactory visual results. Keywords: postoperative endophthalmitis, treatment algorithm
Comparison of the effectiveness of a series of intravitreal injections of antiviral drugs in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis under control using aqueous humor polymerase chain reaction and under ophthalmoscopic control
Authors:   Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Pershin B.S. , Smirnova A.B. ,   Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
Published: April 2023

Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a relapsing and progressive disease that can lead to the development of irreversible blindness. A method for its treatment has been developed, which consists in a series of intravitreal injections of an antiviral drug under the control of the polymerase chain reaction of the intraocular fluid. In this paper, this method is compared with the classical one, when decisions to stop or continue intravitreal injections are made based on the results of ophthalmoscopy. Analysis of the obtained results showed a significant decrease in the number of relapses and the number of retinal detachments in those patients in whom intravitreal injections of antiviral drugs were carried out under the control of polymerase chain reaction until complete elimination of cytomegalovirus copies.
A clinical case of retinal detachment successful treatment by pneumoretinopexy in a patient undergoing vitrectomy
Authors:   Moscow City Ophthalmological Center, Botkin Hospital, Moscow, Arzhimatova G.S. , Belkin V.E. ,   Moscow City Ophthalmological Center, Botkin Hospital, Moscow, Rumiantsev A.D. ,   Moscow City Ophthalmological Center, Botkin Hospital, Moscow, Estrin L.G. ,   Moscow City Ophthalmological Center, Botkin Hospital, Moscow, Burdenko I.G. ,   Moscow City Ophthalmological Center, Botkin Hospital, Moscow
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Pneumoretinopexy is a minimally invasive intervention that allows to provide both anatomical and functional results in cases of uncomplicated retinal detachment. Perpose. To demonstrate the result of surgical treatment of regmatogenic retinal detachment using pneumoretinopexy instead of vitroctomy. Material and methods. Patient A., 52 years old, was urgently admitted to the vitreoretinal department of Moscow City Ophthalmological Center with the diagnosis: Widespread regmatogenic retinal detachment without macular area capture, proliferative vitreoretinopathy state A. Partial vitreous hemorrhage. Phacosclerosis. A pneumoretinopexy operation was performed by making intravitreal injection of C3F8 gas. Results. On the first day after the operation, complete blocking of the rupture under the gas bubble with full fit of the mesh shell was fixed. The boundaries of the field of view were expanded, the veil disappeared. In the laser center, restrictive laser coagulation was performed around the rupture under the gas bubble. Conclusions. The operation was performed under local anesthesia and did not require hightech equipment. Due to the microinvasiveness of the intervention, the patient managed to maintain high visual functions, avoid removal of the native lens and vitreous. Keywords: pneumoretinopexy, retinal detachment, surgical treatment of retinal detachment, gas tamponade, minimally invasive procedure
Leukemic optic disc infiltration in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia: a clinical case
Authors:   Surgut Regional Clinical Hospital, Santoro E.Y. , Kinchina I.V. ,   Surgut Regional Clinical Hospital, Vetsega V.I. ,   Surgut Regional Clinical Hospital
Published: April 2023

Chronic myeloid leukemia is a malignant blood disease characterized by malignant transformation of hematopoetic progenitor cells, damage to the bone marrow, and other organs and systems. One of the rare manifestations of chronic myeloid leukemia is leukemiс infiltration of the optic disc. This process is characterized by damage to the optic nerve and nervous system by blast cells, which is an unfavorable prognosis for patients. It is important for an ophthalmologist to detect the disease and differentiate leukemic infiltration from other diseases accompanied by hemorrhages and optic disc edema. Timely diagnosis of the ophthalmologist and referral of the patient to the oncohematologist will allow early start of antitumor therapy. Keywords: leukemic optic disc infiltration, neuroleukemia, haemoblastosis, leukemia, ophthalmic symptoms
Retinal pigment epithelium autotranslocation in traumatic rupture of the choroid in the macular area. Clinical case.
Authors:   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch, Sosnovskii S.V. , Boiko E.V. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov,   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch, Suetov A.V. ,   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch, Doktorova T.A. ,   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch, Shumova D.I. ,   S. Fyodorov «Eye Microsurgery» Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid autotranslocation performed for traumatic rupture of the choroid in the macular area. Material and methods. A 30-year-old patient with subretinal fibrosis due to traumatic rupture of the choroid in the macular area underwent subretinal surgery with retinal pigment epithelium and choroid autotranslocation. Visual acuity and morphological status were assessed according to optical coherence tomography and ophthalmoscopy. The observation period is 12 months. Results. No side effects and complications were detected during the entire observation period. Visual acuity increased from 0.05 initially to 0.15 by the end of the observation period. The RPE-choroid graft is located in the macular area without signs of exudation and fibrosis, the fovea is in the center of the retinal pigment epithelium – choroid graft, the pigment epithelium is viable. Conclusion. Subretinal surgery with retinal pigment epithelium and choroid autotranslocation is the method of choice in the treatment of post-traumatic rupture of the choroid in the macular area, that can lead to a significant improvement in visual functions. Keywords: Subretinal surgery, vitreo-retinal surgery, choroid rupture, silicone oil, autotranslocation.
Anti-VEGF treatment efficacy for aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pshenichnov M.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kasura O.I. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the anti-VEGF therapy efficacy for treatment aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP). Material and methods. 14 children (28 eyes) with APROP, mean gestational age of 27.4 weeks. Birth weight were from 480 to 1360 grams, on average – 972.8 grams. AP-ROP were developed children post-conceptual age (PCA) from 31 to 34 weeks, with an average of 32.2 weeks. Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab was performed no later than one day after the detection of AP-ROP. Results. In 22 (78.5 %) of 28 eyes, only one injection of ranibizumab was required, of which, in 6 eyes, additional laser photocoagulation of the retina was performed after the injection in a period of 14 to 21 days. In the remaining 6 eyes (21.5 %), 2 injections of ranibizumab were required 4 to 8 weeks after the first injection. All 34 injections were completed without complications and were not accompanied by any adverse events in the treated children. Retinal detachment developed in 2 children in 3 eyes (10.7 %): in one child – in both eyes (stage 4A ROP – in one of the eyes, 4B – in the paired one); the second child has stage 4B ROP in one of the eyes. All children after anti-VEGF therapy had not complete fundus vascularization to 65 weeks of PCA. As a rule, the 3rd zone of the fundus remained avascular, but no signs of angiogenesis were observed, which we regarded as regression of disease without complete retinal vascularization. Conclusion. The efficacy of treatment of AP-ROP with anti-VEGF therapy was high and amounted to 89.3 %. In 78.5% of cases, one injection of ranibizumab is sufficient for regression of disease. Given the absence of complete retinal vascularization at 65 weeks of PCA, children undergoing anti-VEGF therapy require longer follow-up due to the possibility of reactivation of ROP later in PCA. Keywords: aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity, anti-VEGF therapy
Navigation laser coagulation of the retina in active retinopathy of prematurity: a new look at an old problem
Authors:   Kaluga branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Tereshchenko A.V. ,   Medical Institute «Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Kaluga State University named after K.E. Tsiolkovski», Sidorova Y.A. ,   Kaluga branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution
Published: April 2023

Purpose.To demonstrate the possibilities and determine the specific features of navigational transpupillary laser coagulation of the retina in children with active stages of retinopathy of prematurity. Material and methods. Navigational transpupillary laser coagulation of the retinal avascular zones (LC) was performed in 9 premature infants in the active ROP with an unfavorable type in 18 eyes, of which 2nd stage of the disease was diagnosed in 10 eyes, 3rd stage with epiretinal neovascularization in the projection of the extraretinal proliferation ridge – in 8 eyes. Laser treatment in all cases was carried out transpupillary on the NAVILAS 577s laser system (OD-OS, Germany) using a pediatric corneal contact panfundus lens. Results. In result of the navigation LC in children with active ROP stages regression of the disease was achieved in all cases, the required amount of laser coagulation was performed in one session, in the avascular zone of the retina, regardless to the localization of the pathological process, while the implemented treatment plan fully corresponded to preoperative planning. Conclusion. The presence of navigation support for laser interventions allows for effective, safe and dosed treatment for patients with active ROP. Keywords: retinopathy of prematurity, retinal laser coagulation, automated navigation laser system
Combined approach to the treatment of anisometropic amblyopia in children (a clinical case)
Authors:   Irkutsk Branch of S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Khlebnikova L.S. , Iureva T.N. ,   Irkutsk Branch of S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Irkutsk,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Pisarevskaya O.V. ,   Irkutsk Branch of S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Frolova T.N. ,   Irkutsk Branch of S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk
Published: April 2023

A clinical case of patient K., 12 years old, with a diagnosis of anisometropia, anisometropic amblyopia, mixed astigmatism of the right eye, mild myopia, complex myopic astigmatism of the left eye is presented. Due to the intolerance of eyeglass and contact correction, the preservation of residual amblyopia against the background of regularly performed pleoptic treatment, the patient underwent laser refractive surgery of the amblyopic eye by Femto LASIK method in order to eliminate aniseikonia, which made it possible to successfully select glasses for permanent wearing with correction of the myopic eye and carry out further treatment in conditions of free haploscopy on a binarimeter with obtaining a high functional result. When observed in dynamics after 1 month and six months, the stability of anatomical and functional indicators was noted, which makes it possible to consider a highly effective combined approach in the treatment of anisometropic form of amblyopia in children. Keywords: amblyopia, children, anisometropia, FemtoLASIK, binarimetry
The role of the retinal pigment epithelium in treatment submacular hemorrhages
Authors:   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bosov E.D. , Fayzrakhmanov R.R. ,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bogdanova V.A. ,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Karpov G.O. ,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kalinin M.E. ,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Objective. To evaluate the structural and functional changes in the retina depending on the duration of the morphological structure disorder of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) after treatment of patients with submacular hemorrhage (SMH) against the background of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Material and methods. Depending on the duration of AMD, the patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (24 patients) – SMH with newly diagnosed AMD; group 2 (19 patients) – SMH with AMD with an established diagnosis for more than 12 months. All patients underwent two-port 27 G surgery with subretinal injection of a fibrinolytic agent with air tamponade of the vitreal cavity. Then all patients were prescribed antivasoproliferative therapy. Results. After 2 weeks, the indices of maximally corrected visual acuity in the 1st group increased to 0.18 ± 0.05 and in the 2nd group to 0.15 ± 0.03. At the end of the 12-month follow-up period, the 1st group demonstrated stable visual acuity at the same levels, and the 2nd group showed a significant decrease in visual functions to 0.1 ± 0.04. The central retinal thickness before therapy was 826.2 ± 168, 9 in the 1st and 778.7 ± 151.9 µm in the 2nd group. One year after the start of treatment, a decrease to 231.3 ± 22.4 and 305.2 ± 57.6 µm was demonstrated in the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively. Before vitreoretinal intervention, the average height of RPE detachment was 167.2 ± 79.9 µm in the 1st group and 184.4 ± 85.1 µm in the 2nd group. and after 12 months – up to 38.8 ± 6.2 and 63.9 ± 11.6 microns in the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively. Conclusion. Vitreoretinal intervention followed by antivasoproliferative therapy in patients with SMH associated with AMD can improve the morphological and functional prognosis of the course of the disease. However, the long-term prospects for the restoration of visual function largely depend on the initial state of RPE and the duration of AMD. Keywords: submacular hemorrhage, tissue plasminogen activator, pneumodislocation
Surgical treatment of complicated primary cataract by the second stage after vitreoretinal surgery of proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients
Authors:   N. Pirogov's National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Konovalova K.I. , Shishkin M.M. ,   N. Pirogov's National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy of phacoemulsification of primary cataract by the second stage after vitreoretinal surgery of PDR patients. Material and methods. 124 cases of surgery treatment of patients with PDR and complicated primary cataract were enrolled. Thier patients were divided into two groups depending on the treatment tactics. In the 1st group patients were subjected to a two–step surgical procedure: vitreoretinal surgery with silicone oil tamponade performed as the 1st step in their treatment; followed by the 2d step, phacoemulsification surgery and silicone oil removal, and the IOL implantation, respectively. In the 2d group phacoemulsification performed simultaneously with vitreoretinal surgery: phacoemulsification, IOL implantation, vitreoretinal surgery with silicone oil tamponade. The second step differed in the removal of silicone oil from the vitreous cavity. Results. In the long-term postoperative period, functional results were better in group I patients than in group II patients (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Outcomes of the preliminary studies suggest that it is more viable to perform phacoemulsification surgery sometime later along with silicone oil removal on PDR patients with complicated primary cataract. This sequence of treatment procedure ensures a more gentle approach to the anatomic structures of the eye during the first stage (vitreoretinal surgery) and contributes to the reduction in the number of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, cataract, vitreoretinal surgery
Специфика структуры жанра дастан в вариантах «Тахир и Зухра», «Лейля и Меджнун» (Творческие приемы, их формы в татарских романических дастанах)
Authors: Khusaynova G.R.
Published: April 2023

The relevance of this study is due to insufficient study of the peculiarities of the structure of Tatar romantic dastans. The object of the research is romanic dastans featuring Tahir and Zukhra, and Leyla and Majnun, recorded or rewritten by informants in Tatar communities. The study also analyses other Turkic-language variants as well as medieval literary poems were attracted as background phenomenon. The purpose of the article is to consider the structural features of Tatar romanic dastans. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: the paths and stylistic tools in the Tatar dastans "Tahir and Zuhra" and "Leyla and Majnun" were identified, different variants were compared in terms of their contents and forms. In this article comparative and structural-descriptive research methods were used. The Tatar romanic dastans often use metaphors, epithets, epiphors, hyperbolas, and rhetorical questions. Despite the frequent use of expressive means, folklore variants are inferior to literary versions of these dastans. This is due to the fact that the monuments were simplified, passing from generation to generation.
On the issue of identifying Mirza Shafi Vazeh’s authorship
Authors: Иманова С.И.г.
Published: April 2023

Судьба выдающегося азербайджанского поэта Мирзы Шафи Вазеха (1794-1852) типичная по тем временам для талантливого, свободомыслящего человека, получившего образование в медресе в Гяндже. Там же он провел большую часть своей жизни и прославился как поэт и педагог, организатор литературного меджлиса «Дивани-хикмет». Вместе с тем Мирза Шафи и грамотный переводчик (сохранились многие его переводы с русского, арабского и французского языков), автор учебников (ему принадлежат определенные заслуги в развитии азербайджанского языка). Насколько обычной была жизнь Мирзы Шафи, настолько необычна судьба его стихов. Псевдоним Вазех (арабск. Vazeh – открытый, ясный, выявленный) предопределил творческую судьбу «мистифицированного» поэта, завоевавшего мировую славу, благодаря «плагиату» немецкого ориенталиста Фридриха Боденштедта, приехавшего в 1844 г. в Тифлис. Он проявлял большой интерес к жизни Кавказа и с этой целью брал уроки у Мирзы Шафи. Опубликовав стихи в Германии под названием «Песни Мирзы Шафи», немецкий поэт неожиданно обретает популярность и, не устояв перед соблазном, выдает себя за автора этих стихов.
La construcción social de la paternidad en varones de contextos rurales de Morelos, México
Authors: Rodríguez Abad Angélica
Published: April 2023

En este artículo se analizan los significados y experiencias de la paternidad de los varones de tres municipios del estado de Morelos, a partir de las rupturas y permanencias de la paternidad aprendida de sus progenitores, de las transiciones cuando son padres, los acuerdos y desacuerdos con sus parejas y la búsqueda por lograr una paternidad participativa, activa, colaborativa y equitativa, que surgen de las reflexiones sobre las dificultades, obstáculos y críticas del contexto social en el que habitan.
José Benjamín Inuca Lechón
Authors: Altmann Philipp , Gómez Rendon Jorge
Published: April 2023

Benjamín Inuca fue un líder histórico del movimiento indígena—designación que le resultaba jocosa—que participó en diferentes organizaciones.
Encarnaciones homosexuales. Notas etnográficas sobre la producción de la carne y la performatividad del cuerpo sexuado
Authors: Hernández Galván Francisco
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo reflexiona los acontecimientos relacionados con el cuerpo y la sexualidad a partir de algunas experiencias de trabajo de campo. En la elaboración de una etnografía que versa sobre los procesos de enunciación, enunciamiento y subjetivación identitaria ceñidos en el desplazamiento de varones homosexuales en la ciudad de Puebla. La experiencia etnográfica se ciñe en una discusión crítica sobre la producción del cuerpo sexuado a través de narraciones de sujetos homosexuales.
La Bomba del Valle del Chota y Quito. Cambio musical y relación identitaria
Authors: Carrión Suza Sofía
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo analiza la bomba como identidad, género musical e instrumento. Revisamos cómo la bomba ha ido cambiando y su correlación con el contexto social del pueblo afrochoteño, tanto en Quito como en el valle del Chota-Mira. Se hace un análisis en dos niveles: identitario y musicológico, encontrando la relación entre ambos.
Enterramientos humanos, complejidad social e interacciones en el Período Formativo del valle de Quito
Authors: Torres Peña Paula Nathaly
Published: April 2023

En la arqueología, la complejidad social puede ser examinada a través del análisis de los contextos funerarios, ya que las diferencias en el tratamiento mortuorio de los individuos pueden indicar diferenciación social o estatus. Adicionalmente, el estudio de prácticas funerarias permite inferir en la existencia o no de interacciones entre grupos de un mismo período. Esto se debe a que las interacciones pueden dar lugar al intercambio prácticas de enterramiento. En este artículo, se analizarán las prácticas funerarias de cinco sitios del período Formativo, que se encuentran localizados en el Valle de Quito, con el fin de examinar la complejidad social e interacciones entre dichos sitios. Los resultados de este estudio rescatan lo que podrían ser las primeras evidencias de diferenciación social durante el Formativo en el Valle de Quito. Por otra parte,permiten visibilizar una gran diversidad de prácticas funerarias, mismas que podrían señalar la ausencia de interacciones entre estos grupos, especialmente a inicios de este período.
Deslindes lingüísticos en las tierras bajas del Pacífico ecuatoriano. Tercera parte
Authors: Gómez Rendón Jorge
Published: April 2023

El presente estudio amplía el análisis de la evidencia etnohistórica y onomástica sobre las lenguas de la costa ecuatoriana en los albores de la conquista española realizado en contribuciones previas. A diferencia de los anteriores, recurre tanto a la sistematización y el análisis de datos onomásticos publicados en compilaciones etnohistóricas y etnolingüísticas, a fin de complementar la información y cotejar las fuentes disponibles. Para ello se recurre al estudio onomástico en varias zonas del territorio asignado a la cultura manteño-huancavilca. Los resultados del estudio confirman la presencia de un sustrato lingüístico barbacoano o “colorado” en el litoral de la Costa centro-sur y su hinterland inmediato, el cual aparece en algunos casos mezclado con onomástica propia de la lengua esmeraldeña (no clasificada) y de una entidad lingüística asociada con la cultura puruhá-cañari. El modelo de migraciones barbacoanas permite interpretar los resultados de este trabajo y de los que le anteceden de manera coherente, aunque provisional, quedando pendiente para futuras investigaciones el rescate y análisis de la onomástica prehispánica que reposa en los archivos y en la memoria oral de las comunidades.
Santiago de Sibambe o la conquista a un santo conquistador. Aproximaciones al patrimonio mestizo bajo el “ethos barroco”*
Authors: Hermida Salas Pablo
Published: April 2023

Santiago es la imagen patronal del pueblo de Sibambe, ubicado en los andes del sur de la provincia de Chimborazo. Su devoción, marcada por la festividad en su nombre, se registra desde tiempos coloniales. Su fuerza simbólica ha sido sostenida por una población que se auto–percibe, en principio, como blanco-mestiza al momento de demarcar fronteras étnicas con sus vecinos indígenas. En la fuerte presencia del patrono, se observan elementos simbólicos que lo complejizan tanto a éste, como a la historia misma acontecida en la región. En el santo se han condensado procesos socioculturales difusos, propios de sus habitantes, así, termina siendo su espejo: una imagen de un Santiago mestizo. Es por este motivo que el análisis de estas manifestaciones culturales resulta fundamental para resaltar identidades que han estado al margen por su difusa obviedad y que se expresan en mestizaje. Aproximarnos a estas configuraciones bajo el enfoque del “ethos barroco” permite comprender y reivindicar la etno–génesis histórica que cruza los andes. En consecuencia, nos plantea, al tenor del membrete de patrimonio, el reto de salvaguardar su especificidad condensada en la festividad patronal que exalta el culto al santo y/o el modo de vida mestizo de su gente.
ETNOMATHEMATICS EXPLORATION IN THE CULTURE SYSTEM OF MALAY CULTURE IN NAGA MAHAP VILLAGE
Authors: Patari Medlyn Claudyasuka , Risalah Dewi , Sandie Sandie , Bahri Saiful , Lestari Emi Tipuk
Published: April 2023

Ethnomathematics is the study of mathematics' distinctive characteristics or colors as they exist and develop in society. Ethnomathematics is the study of mathematics as it appears or is utilized in cultural community groups such as urban and rural communities, children of a specific age, labor groups and indigenous peoples. For the vast majority of Indonesians, cultivation is a way of life, particularly the residents of Nanga Mahap Village. Mathematical words are employed in farming activities, ranging from units to fundamental mathematical concepts. Cultivation systems have been practiced in grasslands and forests around the world. Cultivation is a shifting cultivation system from one plot of land to another, usually cleared by cutting down and burning part of the forest to make fields. The goal of this study was to investigate the mathematical principles inherent in the Malay culture's farming system in Nanga Mahap Village. This is a qualitative study with an a ethnographic approach. This is a qualitative research that makes use of an ethnographic approach.. The study took place in Nanga Mahap Village, Sekadau Regency's Nanga Mahap District. The subjects of this research are informants, namely field farmers with Malay culture in Nanga Mahap Village. Data were gathered from a variety of sources including observation, interviewing, and documentation procedures. The results indicated that the farming system incorporated a mathematical element through the requirement for seeds, yields, and tools, namely the concept of comparison, the concept of counting mathematical words, tessellation (tiling), geometry, and congruence
Analysis of Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability Based on Self-Efficacy and Self-Confidence of Class VIII Junior High School Students
Authors: Ar Rahmah Aida , Soro Slamet
Published: April 2023

This study aims to describe students’ mathematical problem-solving ability of Junior High School in terms of students’ self-efficacy (SE) and self-confidence (SC). This typr of research is descriptive qualitative. This research was conducted in class VIII at one of Junior High Schools in Jakarta. Subjects in this research based on the result of questionnaire selected 3 students who had SE and SC from high, medium and low. The research’s instruments are SE and SC questionnaires, mathematical problem-solving ability tests, and interviews.The test and non-test instruments were validated by expert validators before being tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis techniques uses the Miles and Huberman model for data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Triangulation techniques was used to test the validity of the research data. The results of this research indicate that students with high SE and SC had the best mathematical problem-solving abilities compared to students with medium to low SE and SC. Students with high SE and SC fulfill 4 indicators of problem-solving ability with maximum scores. Students with medium to low SE and SC only met 3 indicators of problem-solving ability.