bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic compatibility of technical objects and systems: overview of the system and standardization bodies of the European Union and the Federal Republic of Germany
Authors: Panteliat Mykhailo , Miasoedov Pavlo
Published: June 2023

Since June 2022, Ukraine has the status of a candidate country for joining the European Union (EU). On the way to the EU, Ukraine needs to carry out a number of reforms and fully adapt national legislation in accordance with European criteria. This also applies to the regulatory framework regarding electromagnetic compatibility. In this regard, the work presents the features, structure and main functions of the modern general system and standardization bodies on electromagnetic compatibility of technical objects and systems operating in the European Union at both the international (pan-European) and national levels. With regard to a specific EU member state, the paper considers the example of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Experimental study of a universal high-speed ac collector motor
Authors: Chumak Vadim , Kovalenko Mykhaylo , Kovalenko Iryna , Tkachuk Ihor
Published: June 2023

AC collector motors with power from tens to hundreds of watts are widely used in electric drives of flexible production systems, industrial robots, automation systems and vehicles. The most common is the use of universal alternating current collector electric motors. They are called universal because they can work from both an alternating current and a direct current network. They have the ability to smoothly change the speed of rotation of the drive - its shaft, which sets the executive mechanism in motion. An actual direction is conducting experimental studies of universal alternating current collector motors, which are used as a drive for hand-held power tools. This is done through the use of a specially developed experimental stand that takes into account the peculiarities of the operation of such electric motors. The purpose of the work is an experimental study of a universal AC collector motor to evaluate its parameters and characteristics. To evaluate the parameters and characteristics of such a motor for the drive of a hand-held electric tool, an experimental stand was developed, which takes into account the high speed of rotation of the output shaft of the device and allows smoothly changing the load to obtain operating characteristics. The hand-held electric tool of the world-famous manufacturer Makita, model GA5030, is used as the research object. Structurally, the drive motor is a collector machine of variable voltage with series excitation. The speed of rotation of such motors is regulated by changing the power supply voltage supplied to the motor. The structure of the experimental stand for the study of high-speed universal collector machines was developed, all components were selected and the stand was correctly assembled, according to the developed basic electrical and assembly diagram. Using the developed stand, the operating characteristics of the engine under study P1, Ia, η, cosϕ, n, M= f(P2) were recorded. The engine under study meets the stated characteristics. The value of the nominal efficiency is within 36% with a rather large value of the power factor cosϕ≈0.98.
Application of hybrid excitation in a DC motor for drive of transport rolls in metallurgical industry
Authors: Shaida Viktor , Yurieva Olena
Published: June 2023

Purpose. To determine the effectiveness of the application of hybrid excitation for DC motors of medium power. Estimate the influence of the location of the permanent magnet of the main pole core on the magnitude of the magnetic flux created by it. Methodology. The classical theory of electric machines, the calculation of the magnetic field by the finite element method and analytical comparison were used to conduct the research. Results. The feasibility of using hybrid excitation for DC motors of medium power has been confirmed. The use of hybrid excitation in an experimental direct current motor made it possible to increase the excitation magnetic flux by 11%. This will make it possible to reduce the current load of the excitation winding, increase the reliability of the motor and reduce electrical losses on the excitation. The optimal location of the permanent magnet, according to the criterion of the maximum magnetic excitation flux, is its location at the main pole shoe along the air gap. Originality. The difference between the conducted research and others is that the condition of the research was to keep the dimensions of its motor, the excitation winding and the interpoles winding unchanged. Practical value. The obtained results will allow the designers of dc motors with hybrid excitation to avoid wrong decisions during further research and development of these motors.
The Influence of Leadership Style Organizational Culture and Rewards for Motivation Work and Teacher Performance in Formal Education Units
Authors: Safitri Ima Wijayanti , Nugroho Sukmo Hadi
Published: June 2023

The contribution of this study can provide new knowledge at the theory or scientific level of human resource management and add new references and management implications that can be positively applied to non-profit organizations. Based on the results of previous studies and empirical theories related to human resource management, this study was conducted using methods of data collection of questionnaires by distributing questionnaires on the Internet, the selection of respondents was based on the purposive sampling method of teachers of primary education units of DKI Jakarta 1 up to 155 teachers. The administrative effect of this research on organizations is that it is possible to stimulate the role of managers to be able to increase the motivational work of teachers to offer positive changes to the motivational work to achieve the goals of the organization.
Communication Management of Republic of Indonesia Radio Broadcasters (Rri) Medan in Maintaining Its Existence in the Digitalization Era
Authors: Nasution Chairunnisa , Madya Efi Brata
Published: June 2023

Changes in consumer behavior in accessing information in the digitalization era have become a challenge for radio broadcaster RRI Medan to maintain its existence. Therefore, communication management needs to innovate and develop effective communication strategies to stay relevant and interesting to listeners. This research was conducted to determine the communication strategy of broadcaster RRI Medan in maintaining its existence in the digitalization era. This type of research is descriptive qualitative which aims to explain and describe. Researchers use content analysis in analyzing data. The data analysis used in this study is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Radio conveys information and instructions to its listeners quickly, or it can be said that it is also delivered directly. Having a good communication strategy as well as interesting content really helps radio in maintaining its existence in society. In addition, Broadcasters are the spearhead for broadcast radio. The research results show that. RRI Medan also makes it easier for listeners to listen to broadcasts through the RRI play go application and other internet access. In this effort, RRI Medan can maintain its existence in the digitalization era
ECONOMICS OF ART PRODUCTION AND AESTHETICS
Authors: Kuregyan. S.
Published: June 2023

The article deals with the economic aspects of artistic production as a part of spiritual production. The definition of artistic production is given and its sectoral structure is re-vealed. The economics of beauty is considered in the context of the artistic development of society.
CRYPTOCURRENCY: TWO SPECIAL CASES
Authors: Kavaliou А. , Peniaz. O.
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the correspondence of the emergence of cryptocurrencies to two important theoretical ideas of the Austrian school of economics - the regression theorem of L. von Mises and the concept of denationalization of money by F. Hayek. The analysis shows the consistency of the new economic phenomenon with the regression theorem, since the posses-sion of bitcoin as an asset confirms the presence of some value before being used as a medi-um of exchange. Cryptocurrency competition is similar to the ideas of F. Hayek, but takes place in the conditions of maintaining the state monopoly on emission. At the same time, the commodity security of stablecoins corresponds to the commodity security of private currencies.
A UTILITY METHOD OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES ANALYZING
Authors: Baynev V. , Makarevich. S.
Published: June 2023

The scientific research is devoted to the dissemination of the utility method to research on socio-economic processes in the scientific and technical sphere. It demonstrates that not the maximization of R&D costs and even not the resulting scientific and technical information, but a change (improvement) in the structure (quality) of GDP should be considered to be the target (utility) result of its functioning. At the same time, to quantify the structure of GDP, the indicator of the economic system processability level is proposed. As another utility criterion for assessing its scientific and technical validity, an increase in the utility factor of R&D costs is justified, and its calculation procedure is defined. Based on the analysis of statistical information of the development of the scientific and technical sphere of the developed countries, it was revealed, that the utility characteristics of its functioning are much more significant than the conventional cost indicators, such as scientific intensity of GDP etc. Based on the above, the recommendations are given on the management of the scientific and technical sphere with regard to the strategy of the accelerated technological development in Belarus and its friendly countries.
DIVERSIFICATION OF AGRARIAN BUSINESS: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES AND DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Tsetsiarynets. Т.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and methodological approaches
to the diversification of agricultural business in the context of the development of agricultural and non-agricultural activities. The assessment of agricultural production in comparable prices in different categories of farms is given. For the purpose of revealing the directions of specialization and diversification of agrarian production the analysis of efficiency indices of plant growing and animal breeding was carried out. It substantiates the indicators of agro-tourist activity functioning and determines its priority impact on the development of rural areas.
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF VENTURE FINANCING IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: Dudko. E.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the venture financing in the Republic of Belarus. Based on the analysis of the formation of venture financing in the Republic of Belarus, the sources and market participants that form the international system of venture financing are considered.
Hydrochemical Delineation of Spring Recharge in an Urbanized Karst Basin, Central Kentucky
Authors: Fryar Alan E. , Currens Benjamin J. , Villa Cristopher S. Alvarez
Published: June 2023

Because of well-integrated surface and subsurface drainage in karst terrains, springs can exhibit relatively rapid hydraulic, chemical, and thermal responses to storms. In urbanized karst basins, impervious cover, stream channelization, and utility infrastructure can alter infiltration, provide alternate pathways for subsurface flow, and affect ambient water quality. We combined continuous logging of electrical conductivity (EC) and water temperature with analyses of stable isotopes (deuterium and oxygen-18) to differentiate focused and diffuse recharge in a karst basin in Lexington, Kentucky, during 2018. Logging occurred at the McConnell Springs Blue Hole and a sinkhole that drains to it; isotopes, specific conductance, and temperature were manually monitored at those sites and along two losing stream reaches. Water temperature at McConnell Springs and stable isotope abundances showed seasonal variability. The Blue Hole responded within hours to stormwater infiltration at the sinkhole (∼2.1 km upgradient), with recharge events marked by colder stormwater in winter and warmer stormwater in spring to early autumn. Stable isotopes indicated that sinkhole infiltration was minimally affected by evaporation during periods of ponding (up to 9 days). Spring discharge appeared to represent a mixture of focused and diffuse, partly evaporated recharge, consistent with a simple hydrologic model of rainfall, runoff, and infiltration in the basin. EC spikes at the spring during January–March were consistent with pulses of road salt or brine in runoff or snowmelt. Despite limited monitoring data, results suggest that restoration of the sinkhole and its inlet stream were effective in stormwater management during an unusually wet year.
Milestones for changing the model of scientific-technological development of Russia and overcoming the crisis, by Academician D. S. Lvov
Authors: Nikonova A. A.
Published: June 2023

Objective: to determine the vector of changes for Russia’s recovery from the crisis and transformation of the innovation model in the context of trends of the 4th scientific and technological revolution. To this end, it is necessary to identify internal systemic problems that have worsened under the influence of sanctions and hinder the country’s scientific and technological development.

Methods: the system analysis of phenomena and processes in the scientific, technological and socio-economic spheres is based on the methodological approach by Academician D. S. Lvov to the study of Russia under reforms as a precursor of the systemic economic paradigm developed under the guidance of G. B. Kleyner, a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Results: a decline in the economy, science and social sphere has been revealed, as was predicted by Academician D. S. Lvov, in case the problems of the transition period are not solved. The essential obstacles are revealed, which hinder both the country leaving the bifurcation point and economic growth based on intellectual factors and advanced technologies. Statistics are presented demonstrating the obsolescence of industrial equipment, the reduced investment in the knowledge economy, the stagnation of innovative activity of organizations, and the worsening social imbalances. Based on the analysis results, the conclusions of D. S. Lvov and other scientists and specialists, guidelines are proposed for changing the model of scientific and technological development; the leading directions for changing the state policy are given. Conclusions and recommendations refer to the fundamental factors not only of the model of scientific and technological development, but also of the economic model as a whole.

Scientific novelty: consists in a new format of an approach to the formulation of the problem of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation and its solution through the prism of D. S. Lvov’s scientific heritage. Provisions of his teaching are actualized and their relevance for contemporary еconomy is substantiated in relation to identifying a crisis situation similar to the current one in scale and influence, as well as to determining the ways out of the crisis.

Practical significance: the results of the study can become the basis for expanding the system of knowledge within the problem of scientific and technological development, as well as be used in the practical activities of public authorities to develop solutions for crisis management of the economy.
Videogames: escapism or an effective tool for anticorruption enlightenment?
Authors: Melnikova A. L. , Mitsul A. S.
Published: June 2023

Objective: to analyze video games with anticorruption components and to make a conclusion of the possibility to use them in anticorruption education with various mechanics, plots and narratives.

Methods: analysis and summarization of the narrative of commercial video games, studies of the scientific literature and research aimed at revealing the influence of video games on a player’s cognitive abilities, as well as studying the possibilities of using video games in education and enlightenment allowed us to assume that video games may be used as an auxiliary instrument for anticorruption enlightenment.

Also, we analyzed the audience of video games players to determine its relevancy for the goals of anticorruption education. According to the goals of anticorruption education identified by us, namely: ability to distinguish corruption and its types, developing negative attitude to corruption and positive attitude to a whistle-blower, illustration of short-term and long-term consequences of corruption – we performed a critical analysis of the video games narrative in order to identify the ones most appropriate for anticorruption education.

Results: in the work, we studied the educational potential of video games and determined the efficiency level of their influence of the educational process. By the example of particular game projects, we proved in practice the expediency of using video games as a tool of anticorruption education.

Scientific novelty: the article proves inexpediency of assessing video games exclusively as a form of escapism and, for the first time, specifies the examples of practical implementation of commercial video games, not being training programs or simulators, for organization of anticorruption education.

Practical significance: the main conclusions of the article can be used in practical activity when developing long-term strategies and programs of anticorruption education, as well as within the activity of developing video games to assess longterm consequences of the narrative used.
Copper(II) Complex With (E)-N′(3,5-Di-Tert-Butil-2-Hedroxybenzilidene)-2-Hydroxybenzohydrazide.
Authors: Fatullayeva Perizad , Mejidov Ajdar , Abdullayev Asim , Lahicova Sevinc , Abbasova Gulu , Quliyeva Esmira , Bayramov Mahammad
Published: June 2023

A mononuclear complex of copper(II) with (E)-N′(3,5-di-tert-butil-2-hedroxybenzilidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (H3sahz)2 was synthesized. The structure of the complex [Cu(H2sahz)(DMF)] was studied by elemental analysis, IR and EPR spectroscopy, and X-ray structure analysis. It was shown that complex has square planar structure, in which the ligand is tridentate and dianionic. The obtained ligand and complex posses high bactericidal and fungicidal activity.
scDisInFact: disentangled learning for integration and prediction of multi-batch multi-condition single-cell RNA-sequencing data
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Zhao Xinye , Qiu Peng , Zhang Xiuwei
Published: June 2023

Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been widely used for disease studies, where sample batches are collected from donors under different conditions including demographic groups, disease stages, and drug treatments. It is worth noting that the differences among sample batches in such a study are a mixture of technical confounders caused by batch effect and biological variations caused by condition effect. However, current batch effect removal methods often eliminate both technical batch effect and meaningful condition effect, while perturbation prediction methods solely focus on condition effect, resulting in inaccurate gene expression predictions due to unaccounted batch effect.

Here we introduce scDisInFact, a deep learning framework that models both batch effect and condition effect in scRNA-seq data. scDisInFact learns latent factors that disentangle condition effect from batch effect, enabling it to simultaneously perform three tasks: batch effect removal, condition-associated key gene detection, and perturbation prediction. We evaluated scDisInFact on both simulated and real datasets, and compared its performance with baseline methods for each task. Our results demonstrate that scDisInFact outperforms existing methods that focus on individual tasks, providing a more comprehensive and accurate approach for integrating and predicting multi-batch multi-condition single-cell RNA-sequencing data.
GeoT: A Geometry-aware Transformer for Reliable Molecular Property Prediction and Chemically Interpretable Representation Learning
Authors: Kwak Bumju , Park Jiwon , Kang Taewon , Lee Byunghan , Yoon Sungroh , Jo Jeonghee
Published: June 2023

In recent years, molecular representation learning has emerged as a key area of focus in various chemical tasks. However, many existing models fail to fully consider the geometric information of molecular structures, resulting in less intuitive representations. Moreover, the widely used message-passing mechanism is limited to provide the interpretation of experimental results from a chemical perspective. To address these challenges, we introduce a novel Transformer-based framework for molecular representation learning, named the Geometry-aware Transformer (GeoT). GeoT learns molecular graph structures through attention-based mechanisms specifically designed to offer reliable interpretability, as well as molecular property prediction. Consequently, GeoT can generate attention maps of interatomic relationships associated with training objectives. In addition, GeoT demonstrates comparable performance to MPNN-based models while achieving reduced computational complexity. Our comprehensive experiments, including an empirical simulation, reveal that GeoT effectively learns the chemical insights into molecular structures, bridging the gap between artificial intelligence and molecular sciences.
Selection Method of Cross Border E-commerce Overseas Warehouse Partners Based on Social Networks Geolocation Prediction and ELECTRE II
Authors: Yuan Honglin , Liu Jia , Guo Yong
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to propose a process and method to help cross border e-commerce enterprises choose overseas warehouse partners. Starting from the development tendency of cross border e-commerce, analyze the needs of cross border ecommerce enterprises for overseas warehouses. Further analyze the important demand of cross border e-commerce enterprises to choose overseas warehouse partners. Then a machine learning model that can predict user locations is obtained by utilizing publicly available data from social networks. Crawl potential consumers’ data on social networks and combine it with machine learning models to calculate the number of potential consumers in different regions. Next, based on distance and the number of potential consumers, calculate the city or city group with the lowest delivery cost. Through the actual interviews with cross border e-commerce enterprises, this paper explores the principles of cross border e-commerce enterprises’ selection and ranking of overseas warehouse partners in the same one city. In response to this decision-making problem, a model of partner selection for overseas warehouses was established based on ELECTRE II methods. The data provided by a cross border e-commerce company in Nanchang, China was used to demonstrate the selection of partners for overseas warehouses and test the effectiveness of the process. The method based on Social Networks Geolocation Prediction and ELECTRE II that this paper attempts to establish try to provide theoretical support and feasible practical solutions for the selection of overseas warehouse partners of cross border e-commerce.
Quasi-real-time range monitoring by in-beam PET: A case for 15O
Authors: Purushothaman Sivaji , Kostyleva Daria , Dendooven Peter , Haettner Emma , Geissel Hans , Schuy Christoph , Weber Ulrich , Boscolo Daria , Dickel Timo , Graeff Christian , Hornung Christine , Kazantseva Erika , Kuzminchuk-Feuerstein Natalia , Mukha Ivan , Pietri Stephane , Roesch Heidi , Tanaka Yoshiki K. , Zhao Jianwei , Durante Marco , Parodi Katia , Scheidenberger Christoph
Published: June 2023

fast and reliable range monitoring method is required to take full advantage of the high linear energy transfer (LET) provided by therapeutic ion beams like carbon and oxygen while minimizing damage to healthy tissue due to range uncertainties. Quasi-real-time range monitoring using in-beam positron emission tomography (PET) with positron-emitting isotopes of carbon and oxygen is a promising approach. The number of implanted ions and the time required for an unambiguous range verification are decisive factors for choosing a candidate isotope. An experimental study was performed at the FRS fragment-separator facility of GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Germany, to investigate the evolution of positron annihilation activity profiles during the implantation of 14O and 15O ion beams in a PMMA phantom. The positron activity profile was imaged by a dual-panel version of a Siemens Biograph mCT PET scanner. Results from a similar experiment using ion beams of carbon positron-emitters 11C and 10C performed at the same experimental setup were used for comparison. Owing to their shorter half-lives, the number of implanted ions required for a precise positron annihilation activity peak determination is lower for 10C compared to 11C and likewise for 14O compared to 15O, but their lower production cross-section makes it challenging to produce them with intensities of therapeutical needs. With a similar production cross-section and a 10 times shorter half-life than 11C, 15O provides a faster conclusive positron annihilation activity peak position determination for a lower number of implanted ions compared to 11C. We conclude that 15O is technically the most feasible candidate among positron emitters of carbon and oxygen for quasi-real-time in-beam range monitoring in ion beam therapy. The study also demonstrated that 15O beams of therapeutical quality in terms of purity, energy, and energy spread can be produced by the in-flight production and separation method.
Effects of stricter legislation on coercive measures in child and adolescent psychiatric care: A qualitative interview study with staff
Authors: Moell Astrid , Rozental Alexander , Buchmayer Susanne , Kaltiala Riittakerttu , Långström Niklas
Published: June 2023

Background
Legislators often want to positively affect psychiatric inpatient care and reduce coercion by strictening relevant judicial regulation. However, staff experiences and comprehension of such legal changes are largely unknown, yet essential in obtaining the intended outcomes. We examined staff understanding and implementation of a July 1, 2020 legal strictening in Sweden regarding the use of coercive measures (e.g., restraint, seclusion, and forced medication) in child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient care.
Methods
During 2021, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient staff (nurses, senior consultants, and head of units). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Also, we used an implementation outcomes framework to relate data to a wider implementation science context.
Results
Consistent with prior quantitative studies, primarily from adult general psychiatry, our results suggest that the legal strictening did not substantially reduce coercion. Instead, it may have increased a sense of uncertainty among mental health staff and inadvertently contributed to a tendency to disregard the legislation in more complex clinical situations.
Conclusion
At least in a short-term perspective, stricter legislation alone is likely ineffective in reducing coercion in child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient care. Further research should address how to optimize the effects of legal strictening on coercive practices.
Towards a Reliable Spam Detection: An Ensemble classification with rejection option
Authors: Olivo Cleber , Santin Altair , Viegas Eduardo , Jeremias Jhonatan , Viegas Eduardo , Souto Eduardo
Published: June 2023

Many issues are faced in the email environment due to Spam, such as bottlenecks in the email gateways despite substantial investments in servers' infrastructure, wasted computational resources, and ineffective detection despite the demand for frequent spam model updates. This paper proposes a reliable detection model to deal with the non-stationary behavior of spam messages over time. A high detection rate is provided in a shallow classifier wherein only reliable spam message classification is accepted. Unreliable classifications are rejected and forwarded to a deep learning classifier, providing reliability and a high detection throughput. Experiments performed on a new dataset with 1,898,843 real and valid spam messages stored for over ten years show that they (i) can improve its reliability over time, (ii) detect outdated models without human assistance, and (iii) provide a high classification throughput rate.
Fusion of Transformer and ML-CNN-BiLSTM for Network Intrusion Detection
Authors: Xiang Zelin , Li Xuwei
Published: June 2023

Network intrusion detection system (NIDS) can effectively sense network attacks, which is of great significance for maintaining the security of cyberspace. To meet the requirements of efficient and accurate network status monitoring, this paper proposes a NIDS model using deep learning network model. Firstly, GAN-Cross is used to expand minority class sample data, thereby alleviating the problem of minority class imbalance in the original dataset. Then, the Transformer module is used to adjust the ML-CNN-BiLSTM model to enhance the analysis ability of the intrusion model. Finally, the data enhancement model and feature enhancement model are integrated into the NIDS model, the detection model is optimized, the characteristics of network state data are extracted at a deeper level, and the generalization ability of the detection model is enhanced. The simulation experiments using UNSW-NB15 data sets shows that the proposed algorithm can achieve efficient analysis of complex network traffic data sets, with an accuracy of 0.903, and can effectively improve the detection accuracy of NIDS and the detection ability for unknown attacks.
p-Smad3 differentially regulates the cytological behavior of osteoclasts before and after osteoblasts maturation
Authors: Ye Jiapeng , Hua Zhen , Xiao Jirimutu , Shao Yang , Li Shaoshuo , Yin Heng , Wu Mao , Rong Yi , Hong Boweng , Guo Yang , Ma Yong , Wang Jianwei
Published: June 2023

Background
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts can regulate each other through the expression of a series of communication factors. In addition, the effects of p-Smad3 in different maturation stages osteoblasts on osteoclast proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis and bone remodeling have not been clearly elucidated.
Methods and results
We collected conditioned media before and after osteoblast maturation, during which p-Smad3 was blocked or not blocked. The collected conditioned medium was used to interfere with osteoclast, and the proliferation, migration, maturation and differentiation of osteoclast, expression of osteoclast related molecules, and apoptosis of osteoclast were detected. At the same time, the conditioned medium from osteoclast was collected to interfere with osteoblasts and vascular endothelial cells, and the osteogenic ability of osteoblasts and the formation of vascular endothelial cells were detected to reflect the bone remodeling effect of osteoclast. The expression of related coupling molecules in osteoblasts and osteoclasts were detected by qPCR. Our study demonstrated that pre-osteoblasts primarily facilitated the migration, differentiation, and coupling of osteogenesis with osteoclasts. In contrast, matured osteoblasts primarily impeded osteoclast maturation, induced apoptosis, and facilitated coupling with angiogenesis. Additionally, p-Smad3 was found to positively regulate all of these processes.
Conclusions
The results showed thatosteoblasts impact the expression of several communication factors through p-Smad3 both before and after maturation. This shift in communication factors alters the cytological behavior of osteoclasts, causing them to transition from differentiation and osteogenesis coupling to apoptosis and angiogenesis coupling.
The Status, Challenges and Prospects of Communicative Language Teaching in East Wallaga Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Daba Derara , Teshome Zeleke , Bekele Ebisa
Published: June 2023

Although communicative language teaching-based curriculum was introduced almost three decades ago in Ethiopian context, there is still a gap between what is intended and what is achieved. Therefore, the general objective of this study was to investigate the status, challenges and prospects of communicative language teaching in some selected secondary schools of East Wallaga Zone, Ethiopia. To attain the objective, three basic research questions were framed, and survey research design with mixed approach was employed. The EFL teachers were included in the study through comprehensive sampling from nine secondary schools. Data was collected from the teachers through questionnaire, classroom observation and interview. Convergent mixed-method was used to collect data at parallel times. The data collected through the questionnaire was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 20. Whereas, the data collected through classroom observation was transcribed and narrated by paying attention to what teachers did in the classrooms. Similarly, the data obtained through interview was transcribed, coded and categorized based on the similar themes that were repeatedly said during the interview. The analysis was made in the way it provided a triangulated answer for each research question. Accordingly, the result of the study showed that communicative language teaching was rarely implemented in the study area. Teaching and learning activities were seen as writing notes, and explaining the notes by making students silent. The challenges that hindered the implementation of communicative language teaching were related to teachers, students, wash back of university entrance examination and the schools. Thus, it is recommended that EFL teachers should be given theoretical and practical awareness-raising trainings in relation to communicative language teaching so as to engage learners in communication.
Modules in which kernels of endomorphisms are invariant under all automorphisms
Authors: Cong Quynh Truong , Diem Chi Nguyen Thi , Tamer Kosan M.
Published: June 2023

A right R-module M is called kernel-invariant if the kernels of all endomorphisms of M are invariant under all automorphisms of M, and R is called rightkernel-invariant if RR is kernel-invariant. The classes of kernel-invariant modulesand rings are simultaneous and strict generalization of two fundamental classes ofmodules and rings; namely, duo modules and semicommutative rings. In this paper,we show that the classes of kernel-invariant modules and rings inherits some of theimportant features of the aforementioned classes of modules and rings. For example,(1) Duo modules and uniform non-singular modules are kernel-invariant, (2) Endomorphism rings of kernel-invariant modules are kernel-invariant and they are abelian,(3) Domains are kernel-invariant which are not auto-invariant, (4) Semicommutativerings are kernel-invariant and the converse is true if they are clean.
Optimizing performance and energy consumption in GaN(n)/In x Ga 1- x N/GaN/AlGaN/GaN(p) light emitting diodes by quantum-well number and mole fraction
Authors: SELMANE Naceur , CHEKNANE Ali , KHEMLOUL Fakhereddine , Hilal Hikmat , HELAL Mohammed H.S. , BAYDOGAN Nilgun
Published: June 2023

Light-emitting devices (LEDs) with higher performance, lower energy demand and minimal environmental impact are needed. With wide-band gaps and high emission efficiencies, III-V nitride semiconductors are useful for LEDs in short-wavelength regions. A multiple quantum well (MQW LED), based on InGaN/GaN, is proposed. The structure involves GaN(n)/InxGa1−xN(i)/GaN(i)/AlGaN(p)/GaN(p), where GaN(n) and GaN(p) have different dopants to formulate the junction at which electric field occurs, InxGa1−xN(i) is a 3 nm-thick intrinsic quantum well with (x) as indium mole fraction, GaN(i) is barrier intrinsic layer and AlGaN(p) is a 15 nm-thick electron blocking layer (EBL). Simulation is performed by Tcad-Silvaco. Various characteristics such as current versus voltage (I-V) plots, luminosity power, band diagram, spectrum response, radiative recombination rate and electric field effect, have been investigated. By controlling the InxGa1−xN(i) number of quantum wells and their indium mole fraction (0.18 or lower), all MQW LED characteristics including radiative recombination rate, needed current, spectral power and emitted light wavelength, are optimized. Increasing (x) value improves radiative recombination rate, spectral power and band gap with lower needed current. Devices with 6 quantum wells and x = 0.16 or 0.18 exhibit best performance. For power saving and environmental purposes, optimal mole ratio is x = 0.16.
Barriers and enablers for practicing kangaroo mother care in South Wollo Zone public hospitals East Amhara, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Tarekegn Setegn Mihret , Wagaw Gebeyaw Biset , Mekonen Asnakew Molla
Published: June 2023

Background
Every year, an estimated 13 million premature babies are delivered in the world, making it the largest cause of newborn mortality due to infections and hypothermia. Kangaroo mother care is a low-cost treatment strategy for reducing hypothermia-related death. However, it has a low coverage rate in Ethiopia.
Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the barriers and enablers for practicing kangaroo mother care.
Study Design:
Facility based study design was conducted in South Wollo zone public hospitals on a total of 12 IDIs and 10 FGDs from November 2021 to December 2021. After informed consent was obtained; Pediatrician, Obstetrician/gynecologist, mothers, neonatal nurses, and midwives were participated in FGDs and IDIs. The results have been summarized after data has been transcribed, themed, preliminarily analyzed, and quoted the participants' opinions.
Result
Community/maternal related, health care provider related, and hospital related barriers and enablers for practicing KMC in the study hospitals were identified. The investigated barriers included maternal fear that the baby would suffocate during KMC, maternal illness, poor maternal hygiene, being a rural mother, poor maternal economy, lack of trained health care providers (HCP), lack of continuous supervision, long hospital stays, and lack of full KMC infrastructures, to name a few. The listed enablers for KMC practice included getting support from other mothers and community leaders, mothers' faith in medical professionals, births other than cesarean sections, urban mothers, proximity to the hospital, families' positive attitudes toward KMC, the availability of KMC infrastructures, hospital services (KMC), and food costs being covered by the hospital.
Conclusion and recommendation:
To begin and maintain KMC in the hospital, hospital infrastructures, community/maternal initiation, and health care provider initiation must all be addressed. As a result, everyone involved in the study area works to remove constraints on KMC practice and foster enablers.
Aus der Sammlung des Palmengartens: Vielfalt der Blattstielmusterung von Amorphophallus-Arten (Araceae)
Authors: Steinecke Hilke
Published: June 2023

#
Chemical composition of essential oils from Crocus ancyrensis (Herbert) Maw Spreading In Çorum (Türkiye) Region
Authors: DOĞAN Hacer , KAYIR Ömer , ALVER Erol , BİLİCİ İbrahim
Published: June 2023

Crocus ancyrensis is a yellow-flowered Crocus species and is in the same family and genus with saffron. Although various studies have been conducted on the antioxidant capacity and essential oil content characterization of saffron (Crocus sativus), there is no literature information about the C. ancyrensis plant, which is known as Crocus among the people. The members of Crocus family contain many valuable components including antioxidants, phenolic compounds and essential oils. The essential oils obtained from this family is a complex mixture of more than 30 components, which are primarily terpenes and their derivatives. These mixtures are used in paint, medicine, and food applications especially in the cosmetics sector. In the study, the essential oils of the Crocus ancyrensis plant were extracted with the clevenger system and characterized by GC-MS analyses. As a result, 23 volatile components were identified. 2-Hexenal, 1-ethylbutyl Hydroperoxide, 2-nitro-Hexane, β-Isophorone, α-Isophorone, 2-Caren-10-al and Eugenol are found as the main components of Crocus ancyrensis plant extract. Due to the antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer and odorant properties of some of the identified components, C. ancyrensis can be used as a medicinal aromatic plant in various fields, especially in the cosmetics and perfume industry.
The antifungal effect of propolis extract against cotton wild disease (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.)
Authors: YILMAZ Melike Mutlu , KARA Yeşim , ERDOĞAN Oktay
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the antifungal activity of propolis against V. dahliae Kleb. under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Firstly, the inhibitory effect of the propolis on mycelial growth in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media containing its ethanol extract (PE) at various concentrations (0.003, 0.06, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 ppm/mL) was investigated under in vitro conditions. Then to assess the effect of PE on non-defoliating (PHCVd3 isolate) and defoliating (PHCVd47 isolate) pathotypes of V. dahliae, the varieties Giza 45 (resistant), Carmen (tolerant), and Acala SJ2 (susceptible) treated with PEE (1 ppm/mL) were observed in the plant growth chamber up to the 4-6 leaf stage. The whole in vitro experiments were carried out with three replicates, and the studies in vivo experiment were with five replicates depending on a completely randomized parcels design. The most effective dose of PEE with1 ppm/mL dose resulted in 75.2% suppression against the PHCVd3 isolate, while the effect of the same dose against the PHCVd47 isolate was 74.4%. The lowest disease severity index (DSI) values against PHCVd3 and PHCVd47 isolates in cotton cultivars treated with PE were 1.34 and 1.64 in the Giza 45, respectively, and the highest DSI values were 3.80 and 3.90 in the Acala SJ2 cultivar in vivo experiment, respectively. The findings indicate that PE treatment has a promising effect against cotton wilt disease that could be combined with known plant protection strategies.
Spin polarization induced by decoherence in a tunneling one-dimensional Rashba model
Authors: Varela Solmar , Peralta Mayra , Mujica Vladimiro , Berche Bertrand , Medina Ernesto
Published: June 2023

Basic questions on the nature of spin polarization in two terminal systems and the way in which decoherence breaks Time-Reversal Symmetry (TRS) are analyzed. We exactly solve several one-dimensional models of tunneling electrons and show the interplay of spin precession and decay of the wavefunction in either a U(1)U(1) magnetic field or an effective Spin-Orbit (SO) magnetic field. Spin polarization is clearly identified as the emergence of a spin component parallel to either magnetic field. We show that Onsager’s reciprocity is fulfilled when time reversal symmetry is present and no spin polarization arises, no matter the barrier parameters or the SO strength. Introducing a Büttiker’s decoherence probe, that preserves unitarity of time evolution, we show that breaking of TRS results in a strong spin polarization for realistic SO, and barrier strengths. We discuss the significance of these results as a very general scenario for the onset of the Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity effect (CISS).
Sarcopenia e complicações pós-operatórias em pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia por câncer gástrico: Revisão integrativa
Authors: Sousa Soares Leal Ana Karoline , Ribeiro Mendes Vitória , Morais de Sousa Dallyla Jennifer , Cardoso de Sousa Larissa Layana , Batista de Sousa Lima Vanessa
Published: June 2023

Objetiva-se investigar a influência da sarcopenia em complicações pós-operatórias nos pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia por câncer gástrico. Utilizaram-se as bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct e SciELO, com a estratégia de busca Sarcopenia and Stomach Neoplasms. A revisão integrativa foi estruturada com 15 artigos, publicados no período de 2015 a 2019. A análise dos dados foi realizada de forma descritiva. Doze estudos apontaram a sarcopenia como fator de risco para complicações pós-operatórias em pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia por câncer gástrico. A redução da massa muscular esquelética está associada à diminuição da ingestão ou da biodisponibilidade de nutrientes e alterações metabólicas, como elevada produção de moléculas pró-inflamatórias, resultando em enfraquecimento do sistema imune e má cicatrização pós-cirúrgica. Concluiu-se que a presença da sarcopenia nesses pacientes está relacionada com a maior ocorrência de complicações no pós-operatório.
Application of artificial intelligence and communication technology to water and energy balance models
Authors: Zhang Guanxiong , Jin Yechun , Wang Bingqiang
Published: June 2023

The precise correction of water and energy balance is a significant difficulty in studying turbulence energy balance and water flow for agricultural purposes. The need for efficient water and energy management is growing as the world struggles to keep up with rising water and energy demands. This research examines artificial intelligence (AI)'s impact on the water flow and energy balance confluence subnetwork of sensing elements from all the original network's nodes. The study proposed an AI-based optimized sensor energy balance model (AI-SEBM) that uses pressure data to maintain energy balance in turbines and save water with the optimized energy source for agriculture usage. This research explores the potential for installing Kalpan hydraulic turbines, which are most effective during half-load operation, and to forecast all loads with little computing effort to balance energy in turbulence. To anticipate daily pressure readings and energy consumption across all nodes in the network, an AI-based optimization wireless sensor network is designed for communication and linked to an energy balance system. Sensors are strategically deployed at the network's nerve centres. The maximum flow algorithm is used for a grid representing the water and energy balance to determine the positions of the virtual nodes.
„Obraz Króla Jegomości szablami posiekli”. Rytualne niszczenie wizerunków polskich królów podczas potopu szwedzkiego oraz jego europejski kontekst
Authors: Żukowski Jacek
Published: June 2023

Artykuł stanowi wstępny rekonesans badawczy zagadnienia nowożytnego ikonoklazmu politycznego wymierzonego w portrety polskich monarchów. Źródła potwierdzają, iż w okresie II wojny północnej (zwłaszcza w 1657) na terenie Krakowa urządzano swoiste egzekucje wizerunków Jana Kazimierza, jego żony Ludwiki Marii Gonzagi oraz poprzednika na polskim tronie Władysława IV Wazy. Zamieniano je w strzelnice, siekano szablami i szpadami, wyrzynano oczy, deptano, w towarzystwie wyzwisk i drwin, paszkwili, tańców i plucia, a następnie wyrzucano do latryn bądź przez okna. Autor stara się dowieść, iż obok strony ludycznej („rekreacja z obrazów królewskich”) i chęci ideowego odwetu, był to przykład wymierzania kary „w zastępstwie”, rytualnego obrazoburstwa polityczno-konfesyjnego, nastawionego na unicestwienie systemu znaków, zjawiska zasługującego na dalsze badania, np. w kontekście przemocy symbolicznej oraz ceremonialnej funkcji rytualnej portretów monarszych, traktowanych jako substytuty osoby suwerena lub uważanych za „uosobione obrazy Prawa płynącego od władcy”. Stąd kwalifikacja prawna tego typu czynów jako zbrodnia obrazy majestatu. Autor wskazuje przy tym analogię do wielkiej rewolucji francuskiej, kiedy to portrety królewskie poddawano aktom desakralizacji, rytualnie masakrowano i poniżano, w koń- cu palono, jak zadżumione („egzorcyzmowanie”, „amputacja” przeszłości), organizując przy tym maskarady i parodie procesji. Przywołane przykłady poświadczają wyjątkową moc obrazów, moc będącą przedmiotem zaciekłej walki i buntu.