bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adverse reactions of botulinum toxin type A for treating strabismus in children
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sidorenko E.E. ,   V.F. Voino-Yasenetskiy Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ostanina I.A. ,   V.F. Voino-Yasenetskiy Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rosel’o K.N.M. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Migel’ D.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   V.F. Voino-Yasenetskiy Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sidorenko E.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Background: the use of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) in ophthalmology for extraocular disorders in children and adults became possible was pioneered by A. Scott in the 1980s. Lack of experience and understudied risks of this treatment modality in Russia prevent the introduction of chemodenervation into daily ophthalmic practice. In addition, several adverse reactions of BTA were reported. Therefore, these adverse reactions should be considered when choosing this treatment in adults and children. Aim: to assess the efficiency and adverse reactions of BTA when treating strabismus in children. Patients and Methods: 212 children (424 eyes) aged seven months to 15 years with estab-lished strabismus were enrolled. Visual fixation and acuity were measured before BTA injection. BTA was injected in horizontal extraocular muscles (average dose 3.40 U). Results: the average angle of strabismus was 33.28±12.96°, the average angle of eso-tropia was 33.69±12.86°, the average angle of exotropia was 31.50±13.41°. Neutralization of strabismus angle was achieved in 92.2%, a reduction in strabismus angle was reported in 7.8%. In total, 288 procedures were performed. 76 patients (35.85%) required re-surgeries. In most cases, re-chemodenervation was performed in children with a strabismus angle >25° (Hirschberg test). Adverse reactions of chemodenervation were blepharoptosis (2.83%), hypereffect (17.45%), conjunctival redness, and edema at the injection sites. These adverse reactions were self-limited, no specific treatment was needed. Conclusion: chemodenervation by BTA injection in hyperfunctional extraocular muscles is a highly effective, non-traumatic, and safe treatment for strabismus in children. All adverse reactions identified by our study were transient. Keywords: botulinum toxin type A, postoperative complications, strabismus, nystagmus, extraocular disorders, chemodenervation. For citation: Sidorenko E.E., Ostanina I.A., Rosel’o K.N.M. et al. Adverse reactions of botulinum toxin type A for treating strabismus in children. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(2):145–148 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-145-148.
Retinal status in moderate myopia and age-related macular degeneration. Management strategies
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Moshetova L.K. , Alekseev I.B. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Treatment Rehabilitation Center of the Ministry of Economic Development, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vorob’eva I.V. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nam Yu.A. ,   Treatment Rehabilitation Center of the Ministry of Economic Development, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Aim: to assess retinal status in comorbid ocular disorders (moderate myopia and age-related macular degeneration/AMD of various stages) using modern diagnostic tools. Patients and Methods: 48 patients (96 eyes) with moderate myopia and dry AMD were enrolled. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), mean deviation/MD (characterizes mean reduction of sensitivity), pattern standard deviation/PSD (characterizes the severity of local visual field defects), central macular thickness (CMT), and axial length (AL) were measured. The macular zone was investigated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) using B scan and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) regimens. Results: in moderate myopia associated with dry AMD (AREDS categories 1,2,3), a significant reduction in the mean BCVA (20/25) was detected in 54.2% (26 patients, 52 eyes). Retinal photosensitivity indices (MD and PSD) were also significantly reduced to 2.19 dB (р<0.001) and 2.14 dB (р<0.001), respectively. AL was significantly increased (25.11 mm, р<0.001). No significant differences in CMT values were revealed (233 mcm, p=0.123). In comorbid ocular disorders, severe defects and focuses of RPE atrophy, extensive areas of the IS/OS junction line damage, and drusen are seen among morphological abnormalities of the eye fundus. FAF identified certain pathological patterns, e.g., focal hypo- and hyperautofluorescence, hyperautofluorescent halo at the border of staphyloma, linear hypoautofluorescent bands surrounded with hyperautofluorescence, reticular pattern, patches, focal and multifocal areas of geographic atrophy. Conclusion: our findings on visual field loss (MD, PSD) in AMD depending on stage and OCT findings in AMD are in line with the results of other authors. Meanwhile, we investigated a comorbid variant (AMD in association with moderate myopia), compared morphological and functional parameters, and addressed the relevance of FAF. Keywords: myopia, age-related macular degeneration, optical coherence tomography, autofluorescence. For citation: Moshetova L.K., Alekseev I.B., Vorob’eva I.V., Nam Yu.A. Retinal status in moderate myopia and age-related macular degeneration. Management strategies. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(2):91–98 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311- 7729-2022-22-2-91-98.
Nasopharyngeal Tuberculosis in a Philippine Tertiary General Hospital
Authors: Gomez Mark Anthony , Villarta Romeo , Caro Ruzanne , Manasan Criston Van , Carnate Jose
Published: June 2022

Objective:  This study aimed to determine the prevalence of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis among patients who were initially assessed to have a nasopharyngeal mass and subsequently underwent biopsy in a Philippine Tertiary General Hospital from 2013 to 2015.

 

Methods: 

     Design:           Case Series

     Setting:           Tertiary National University Hospital

     Participants: All patients with nasopharyngeal mass identified from January 2013 to December 2015 from a hospital wide census who underwent biopsy were investigated using chart and histopathology review. The prevalence of tuberculosis, malignancies and other findings were determined.

 

Results:  Among 285 nasopharyngeal biopsies done between 2013 and 2015, 33 (11.6%) were histologically compatible with nasopharyngeal tuberculosis, 177 (62.1%) were different types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 59 (20.7%) were chronic inflammation, 4 (1.4%) were lymphoma, 5 (1.8%) were normal, and 7 (2.5 %) had diagnoses other than those above.

 

Conclusion: This study suggests a relatively high prevalence rate (11.6%) of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis in patients who have a nasopharyngeal mass. This indicates that nasopharyngeal tuberculosis should always be a differential when confronted with a mass in the nasopharynx especially in tuberculosis endemic areas.

 

Keywords: nasopharyngeal tuberculosis; prevalence; censuses; tertiary care centers; Philippines; carcinoma; nasopharynx; biopsy; tuberculosis; lymphoma
COVID-19 and Climate Change: Signing Up for Our Impossible Dream
Authors: Lapeña Jose Florencio
Published: June 2022

To dream the impossible dream, To fight the unbeatable foe

To bear with unbearable sorrow, To run where the brave dare not go

 

To right the unrightable wrong, To love pure and chaste from afar

To try when your arms are too weary, To reach the unreachable star

 

— Mitch Leigh and Joe Darion, The Impossible Dream1
Endoscopic Type I Tympanoplasty in 70 Patients with Chronic Otitis Media: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Singh Bikramjit , Pal Pooja , Osahan Hardeep Singh , Sood Arvinder Singh
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the preliminary surgical results of Endoscopic Type I Tympanoplasty

among patients with inactive chronic otitis media without ossicular pathology.

Methods:

Design: Prospective Series

Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital

Participants: Seventy patients with inactive mucosal chronic otitis media (COM) with air bone gap (ABG) of ≤ 40 dB on the preoperative audiogram scheduled to undergo Type I Tympanoplasty between July 2018 and December 2020 were enrolled.

Results: Seventy-three (73) ears were evaluated. The overall rate of graft uptake was 95.9% at 12 weeks. There was a statistically significant (p<.001) improvement in hearing on comparison of pre-operative (25.74 ± 7.34 dB) and post-operative (14.82 ± 6.55 dB) air bone gap. The duration of surgery was less than one hour in 76.7% and 77.2 % patients experienced only mild post[1]operative pain.

Conclusion: Endoscopic tympanoplasty can provide good results with respect to graft uptake and hearing gain with short surgical duration and minimum postoperative morbidity. Longer follow up of at least 6 months (for graft uptake) and preferably not less than 12 months (for hearing results) may confirm our preliminary findings
Determination of Ambient Noise Levels in the Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units and Adult Ward of the Makati Medical Center
Authors: Chan-Zamora Jacquelyn , Cedeño Joseph Richard Ray , Guzman Patricio , Bigalbal Jomar
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective: To measure the levels of environmental noise in the medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit, and adult ward of the Makati Medical Center for the morning, afternoon, and evening shifts, on weekdays and weekends, and to compare noise levels across shifts, and between weekdays and weekends.

Methods:

Design: Environmental Noise Survey

Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital

Participants: None

Results: The overall mean environment noise levels in all the areas surveyed (medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit and adult ward) exceeded World Health Organization recommendations by more than 20 dB across different working shifts on both weekdays and weekends. There was no significant difference in noise levels between weekdays and weekends across shifts in all areas, except for the afternoon shift in the Medical ICU. Using Repeated Measures ANOVA, results showed that there is no sufficient evidence to conclude that at least one shift has significantly different mean noise level in any of the 3 areas (MICU: F(2)=4.73, p-value=.1124; SICU: F(2)=7.91, p-value=.0540; WARD: F(2)=2.73, p-value=.1948)

Conclusion: The overall environmental noise levels in the different areas of MICU, SICU and Adult ward exceeded the WHO recommendation. It is recommended that a change in strategy is needed for prevention of environmental noise, setting guidelines and policies to assure quality health care and noise control. Further investigations to ascertain exact sources may give rise to feasible solutions.
Nasolabial Flap Reconstruction for Orofacial Defects: A Case Series
Authors: Diaz Robert Zaid , Cabungcal Arsenio Claro
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe our clinical experience with, and functional outcomes of the nasolabial flap for reconstruction of orofacial defects.

Methods:

Design: Retrospective Case Series

Setting: Tertiary National University Hospital

Participants: Records of 11 patients on whom a nasolabial flap was performed for reconstruction of head and neck defects between January 2013 and December 2018 were analyzed.

Results: All patients underwent wide excision with or without frozen section, with or without neck dissection, and nasolabial flap closure was performed by a single surgeon. There were no major complications. In two cases, the nasolabial flap was used as an adjunct for Abbé and deltopectoral flap reconstruction. One had poor oral competence due to the bulk of the deltopectoral flap. Acceptable aesthetics and functional outcomes were achieved.

Conclusion: The nasolabial flap is a viable alternative for reconstruction of orofacial defects following head and neck surgeries. Additional cases can help validate our initial experience
Single Stage Transoral Cordectomy and Medialization Thyroplasty in Early Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Regalado-Go Joyce Anne , Flores Terrence Jason , Santiago Al
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective: To present the case of a 78-year-old man with Glottic SCCa stage I who underwent single stage transoral cordectomy type IV with medialization thyroplasty under general anesthesia.

Methods:

Design: Case Report

Setting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital

Patient: One

Results: Postoperatively, patient was able to phonate and gave a VHI score of 12 and GRBAS score of 4. He was able to resume oral feeding without any signs of aspiration. Postoperative flexible laryngoscopy showed fully mobile vocal cords with good approximation in the midline.

Conclusion: This report suggests that vocal cord medialization via thyroplasty may be performed after cordectomy in a single stage, providing acceptable postoperative voice as well as good swallowing outcome
Aerosol and Droplet Particles Contained by Inexpensive Barrier Tent During Mastoidectomy: A COVID-19 Innovation
Authors: Mangubat Andylou , Labra Patrick John
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the distribution and aerosolized particle counts generated during mastoidectomy, we utilized low-cost and locally available material and developed a plastic tent creating a barrier between the health care workers (HCW) and patient.

Methods: The barrier tent is a clear plastic bag attached to the microscope lens. The tent is draped and tucked underneath the patient’s head and upper torso with surgeon’s arms also passed underneath and secured with clamps. We demonstrated the area of greater contamination by spread of droplet particles and bone dust after drilling using fluorescent dye. Particle counts inside and outside the barrier was determined and then comparison with and without the tent after drilling of cadaveric temporal bone were also done.

Results: The area with highest concentration of contamination (“hot zone”) was noted opposite the surgeon’s hand drill which is dependent on the operator’s handedness. Other hot zones noted were opposite the operator and on the operator’s side.  Particle determination of aerosol size 0.3 and 2.5µm inside the barrier tent were at peak levels after bone drilling procedure. Then a significant drop of particle counts was noted at 2 minutes after drilling was stopped with flattening observed at 8 minutes.

Conclusion: Our experimental results suggest that the improvised barrier tent can be effective in mitigating aerosols generated during mastoid surgery and may serve as an added protection for the operating room team.
Addressing Difficulty in Communication While Wearing a Respirator Mask During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Using a Laryngophone
Authors: Kongsun Ching Laine Valerie , Liu Philip Lance Anthony
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe the use of a laryngophone to aid in verbal communication when wearing elastomeric respirator masks.

Methods:

Design: Instrumentation Innovation

Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital

Participants: Five volunteers using elastomeric respirator masks rated laryngophone use, afterwhich they individually rated an additional volunteer on speech intelligibility before and after laryngophone use.

Results: On a scale of 1-10, the average score of the five volunteers for the laryngophone was 8.8 for ease of use, 8.0 for comfort, and 8.0 for ease of communication. Their average speech intelligibility score for the additional volunteer using the respirator mask alone was 2.0, and for use of the respirator mask with laryngophone was 3.6 on a scale of 1-4.

Conclusion: This portable laryngophone speaker may be useful in aiding otolaryngologists and health care providers using elastomeric respirator masks in verbal communication by amplifying speech without needing an external microphone, preventing vocal strain.
Pyoderma Gangrenosum Initially Presenting as an Ulceration of the Ear Lobule
Authors: Dulnuan Heather Grace , Garcia Carlo Victorio , Tirona-Remulla Agnes
Published: June 2022

Pyoderma Gangrenosum (PG) was first described in 1916 as “phagedenisme geometrique”, after a French dermatologist observed rapidly progressing, cutaneous necrotic lesions with sharp borders.1 In 1930, Brunsting and his colleagues at the Mayo Clinic coined the term Pyoderma Gangrenosum, because it was initially thought to arise from staphylococcal and streptococcal infections which were observed in 5 of their patients.2 The exact etiology and pathogenesis is still unknown. To date, only a few cases of PG have been shown to affect the ears, all showing no gender or age predilection.3 We report another such case.

 

CASE REPORT

A three-year-old girl presented at the emergency room with a non-healing, erythematous papule over her left ear lobule, allegedly following an ear piercing one month prior. She was initially treated at another institution with oral antibiotics. Despite treatment, her mother noted rapid worsening of the lesion, eventually developing into a painful ulceration and affecting the left eyelid as well. At the time of examination, the patient presented with a painful, necrotic plaque around the left eyelid with serpiginous borders (Figure 1) and ear lobule with erythematous, advancing borders (Figure 2A, B). There were no systemic co-morbidities noted. The working diagnosis then was necrotizing fasciitis and she was immediately started on systemic intravenous antibiotics which she did not respond to. Laboratory tests showed elevated CRP, but procalcitonin, C-ANCA and ANA were all normal. Tissue cultures of both eyelid and earlobe, as well as blood cultures, revealed no growth. Wedge biopsy of the eyelid ulceration revealed neutrophilic dermatitis. Biopsy of the ear lobule revealed suppurative granulomatous dermatitis with secondary leucocytoclastic vasculitis. Further workups for infection and possible systemic diseases were all unremarkable. A pathergy test was negative. A diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum was made after excluding systemic and infectious causes. The patient was started on systemic prednisone at a dose of 1mg/kg/day which she slowly responded to. Surgical reconstruction of the earlobe was to be planned once the ulceration completely healed; unfortunately, this patient was lost to follow-up
Eusebio E. Llamas, MD (1926-2021) “Small in Feet but Giant in Feat”
Authors: Martinez Norberto
Published: June 2022

Dr. Eusebio E. Llamas was the epitome of a great teacher, a devoted father and a prime mover. In 1952, he underwent residency training in Bellevue, New York where he stayed for one year and then proceeded to Los Angeles where he trained at the House Ear Institute. Upon his return to the Philippines, he joined the UST Department of EENT and subsequently became the section chief of ENT. In 1978, he assumed the chairmanship of the Department of EENT until 1983.

 

As prime mover, he was instrumental in the separation of the Dept. of Otolaryngology from the Dept. of Ophthalmology in 1984 and led the department until 1989 earning the distinction of becoming the longest serving chair.

 

He would invite residents (who were in awe of his demeanor in handling patients) to see interesting cases in his private clinic. He demonstrated compassion to all patients regardless of their social status. In the operating room, he exemplified finesse in doing surgeries and made it look so simply seamless. He never showed any mean streak and always appeared calm even amid adversity. Whenever there were issues in the department or among residents, he would talk to them in private and would counsel them like a father to his children.

 

He was deeply religious as he would go to the chapel first thing in the morning before he went to the OPD at 8 am sharp. He taught the residents the virtue of punctuality by being at the OPD ahead of them, and 30 minutes in advance of his scheduled operations. He was impeccable in his choice of apparel, always dressing up with the perfect triangle of the Windsor tie

 

The only reason why I wanted to become an ENT as early as third year medical student was solely because of Dr. Llamas. He would literally deliver his lecture verbatim from Boise’ Textbook of Otolaryngology including pauses for commas. He inspired me a lot and told myself, I wish I could do at least half of what he could memorize and that would be good enough

 

He was very open to inviting graduates from other institutions to join the department as exemplified by the acceptance of Dr. Carlos Reyes for Otology and Dr. Robie Zantua for Head and Neck Surgery. He was never threatened by other consultants practicing at UST and in fact encouraged them to do so.

 

He was a dedicated father to his children Rose, Jun, Beth and Annie and a devoted husband to his wife Lulu. He would always think of his family’s welfare over his own. His extended family would always seek his support whenever the need arose, and he would welcome them with open arms. To the family, thank you for generously sharing Dr. Llamas during his most productive years.

 

The best tribute the PSO-HNS offered to Dr. Llamas was choosing him as the Most Outstanding Teacher in 2020. We would not be where we are today if not for the selfless dedication of our dear Dr. Llamas. As Thornton Wilde said, “The highest tribute to the departed is not grief but gratitude”.

 

Maraming Salamat at Paalam
Pre-Operative Temporal Bone CT Scan Readings and Intraoperative Findings During Mastoidectomy
Authors: Toral Dominador , Laganao Chris Robinson
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the correlation between pre-operative in-house temporal bone CT scan readings and intraoperative findings during mastoidectomy for cholesteatoma in a tertiary government hospital from January 2018 to December 2019.

Methods:

Design: Review of Records

Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital

Participants: A total of 25 charts were included in the study. Surgical memoranda containing intraoperative findings were scrutinized. Data on key structures or locations were filled into a data gathering tool. Categorical descriptions were used for surgical findings: “present” or “absent” for location, and “intact” or “eroded” for status of ossicles and critical structures. Radiological readings to describe location and extent of disease were recorded as either “involved” or “uninvolved,” while “intact” or “eroded” were used to describe the status of ossicles and critical structures identified. Statistical correlations were computed using Cohen kappa coefficient. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were also computed.

 

Results: No correlation between radiologic readings and surgical findings were found in terms of location and extent of cholesteatoma (κ < 0). However, moderate agreement was noted in terms of status of the malleus (κ = .42, 95% CI, .059 to .781, p<.05), substantial agreement noted for the incus status (κ = 0.682, 95% CI, .267 to .875, p<.05), and fair agreement noted for the stapes status (κ = .303, 95% CI, -.036 to .642, p>.05). Slight agreement was also noted in description of facial canal and labyrinth (κ =.01, 95% CI, -.374 to .394, p>.05), while no correlation was noted for the status of the tegmen (κ = 0, 95% CI, -.392 to .392, p<.05).

Conclusion: Our study shows the unreliability and shortcomings of CT scan readings in our institution in detecting and predicting surgical findings. An institutional policy needs to be considered to ensure that temporal bone CT scans be obtained using techniques that can appropriately describe the status of the middle ear and adjacent structures with better reliability.
Contents Vol. 36 No.2 July-December 2021
Authors: Head Neck Surg Philip J Otolaryngol
Published: June 2022

EDITORIAL4
 
COVID-19 and Climate Change: Signing Up for Our Impossible Dream
Lapeña JFF 
SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT
6
 
Global Health Community Calls for Climate Action Ahead of COP26 to Avert “Biggest Health Threat Facing Humanity”
 
ORIGINAL ARTICLES8
 
Pre-Operative Temporal Bone CT Scan Readings and Intraoperative Findings During Mastoidectomy
Toral DB, Laganao CRD
 
 
13
 
Endoscopic Type I Tympanoplasty in 70 Patients with Chronic Otitis Media: A Preliminary Report
Singh B, Pal P, Osahan HS, Sood AS
 
 
18
 
Determination of Ambient Noise Levels in the Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units and Adult Ward of the Makati Medical Center
Chan-Zamora JP, Cedeño JRR, Guzman PB, Bigalbal JL
 
 
22
 
 Cerebro-Spinal Fluid Leak in Skull Base Reconstruction Using Hadad - Bassagasteguy Flap after Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Case Series
Formalejo JP, Amable JP
 
 
25
 
Nasolabial Flap Reconstruction for Orofacial Defects: A Case Series
Diaz RZ, Cabungcal AC
 
 
30
 
Application of Open-Source 3D Planning Software in Virtual Reconstruction of Complex Maxillofacial Defects
Caro DJ, Pamintuan FG 
 
 CASE REPORTS
36
 
Approach to a Sewing Needle in the Parapharyngeal Space: A Case Report
Bettadahalli V, Bhargava R, Kumar S
 
 
40
 
Single Stage Transoral Cordectomy and Medialization Thyroplasty in Early Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report
Regalado -Go JAF, Flores TJ, Santiago AE
 
SURGICAL INNOVATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION44
 
Aerosol and Droplet Particles Contained by Inexpensive Barrier Tent During Mastoidectomy: A COVID-19 Innovation
Mangubat AD, Labra PJP
 
 
49
 
Addressing Difficulty in Communication While Wearing a Respirator Mask During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Using a Laryngophone
Kongsun Ching LVC, Liu PLAA 
FEATURED GRAND ROUNDS
52
 
Pyoderma Gangrenosum Initially Presenting as an Ulceration of the Ear Lobule
Dulnuan HG, Garcia CV, Tirona-Remulla A
 
FROM THE VIEWBOX
55
 
Post-traumatic Malleo-Incudal Complex Dislocation
Yang NW
 
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
57
 
Acantholytic Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Maganito SC, Carnate JM
 
CAPTOONS
59
 
Doknet’s World
Billones WU
 
PASSAGES
60
 
Joselito B. Buluran, MD
Lacanilao RC
 
 
61
 
Ibarra R. Crisostomo, MD
Bautista RA
 
 
62
 
Eusebio E. Llamas, MD
Martinez NV
 
 
63
 
Robie V. Zantua, MD
Zantua ACT
Message
Authors: Suan John Rodolfo
Published: June 2022

Greetings of peace and good health!

I would like to sincerely congratulate the indefatigable Editorial Staff of the Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery for this latest issue of our bi-annual publication under the tutelage of our esteemed Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Jose Florencio F. Lapeña, Jr. The Philippine Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery is indebted to your tireless efforts to continue to come up with a scientific journal with academic research at par with international standards, despite what we know are more difficult circumstances brought about by a continuing global pandemic.

I hope our Fellows will continue to guide our training Residents and Fellows-in-training, in coming up with journal-worthy scientific papers. This journal would not be what it is now without the tireless efforts of our Fellows in the academe and training institutions.

 

It is my wish and hopeful prayer that the next issue will come out under more favorable and happier circumstances.

Let us all continue to be safe. Cheers to a better year ahead.
PEMANFAATAN ARDUINO UNO DALAM TONG SAMPAH PINTAR DAN PENDETEKSI ASAP BERBASIS IR SENSOR
Authors: Sari Vitri Roma , Suhada Suhada , Wanto Anjar , Hartama Dedy , Irawan Irawan
Published: June 2022

Garbage is unwanted material after the end of a process. Good waste management can create a clean environment and avoid various diseases. understanding of waste management to this day is still widely ignored by the community, many people forget the function of trash cans and prefer to litter. Not only in the community and in the school environment, in the lecture environment there are still many people who are lazy to dispose of garbage in their place because they are lazy to open the lid of the garbage can because it is smelly and dirty. If a small piece of garbage is dumped into a place that is not where it is and is carried out every day by the community then that garbage will eventually accumulate everywhere and will invite disease and even flooding. Therefore, the authors designed an automatic open-lid trash can based on Arduino and IR Sensor in order to make it easier for everyone to dispose of waste. This smart trash can is also equipped with sensors that will detect fires around the trash can. By utilizing Arduino Uno, MG90S Micro Servo, Infrared Sensor, Mq2 sensor and buzzer. Micro Servo MG90S will be used in opening and closing trash cans, Mq2 sensors are used to detect gas leaks or smoke, and Buzzer will be used as a notification if the mq2 sensors detect the presence of smoke and gas leaks in the room. Then enter into making computer programs and describe the code and diagrams. The results obtained from the system test are that the trash can, can open and close automatically and can detect any fire symptoms around it.
ANALISA DATA DAN MASALAH DALAM PERANCANGAN INTERFACE e-LOCATION kAFE
Authors: ANISYA ANISYA , Wira Trise Putra Dede
Published: June 2022

Payakumbuh has a population of 78,702 people with teenagers and adults, which makes many internet cafe businesses appear with a very attractive and comfortable internet cafe display design and good facilities. This makes people hesitate in choosing which cafe they want to visit because cafes with a nice and comfortable appearance must have expensive menu prices. And there are people who get information about the internet cafe from the information circulating in the surrounding environment with the appropriate appearance and the right price for themselves but do not know where the internet cafe is. So the purpose of this research is to design a web site-based interface for the map page of the spread of internet cafes and important information pages for internet cafes in the city of Payakumbuh. The method used is a system life cycle with a focus on problem analysis and data obtained from the results of literature studies, interviews, and observations. The results obtained from this study are in the form of an e-location cafe system interface design.
PENGUATAN ADMINISTRASI UKM MELALUI PELATIHAN APLIKASI BUKU WARUNG DI KELURAHAN BATU PUTUK, KECAMATAN TELUK BETUNG BARAT, KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Pratisti Cahyani , Yusa Viola De , Muti Rafif Fadhlurrahman
Published: June 2022

UMKM merupakan salah satu potensi terpendam bagi penguatan ekonomi Indonesia. Sayangnya, masih terdapat kekurangan dalam hal pencatatan laporan keuangan. Pengembangan teknologi dan pemanfaatan gadget telah memudahkan berbagai permasalahan, salah satunya penggunaan aplikasi bagi pencatatan keuangan seperti buku warung. Pengabdian ini berusaha melatih pemilik ukm untuk menggunakan aplikasi buku warung sehingga pencatatan keuangan UMKM akan tercatat dengan baik. Setelah melakukan pelatihan ini para pemilik UMKM di desa Batu Putuk memiliki catatan keuangan yang lebih terkoordinir.
EFEKTIFITAS METODE PEMBELAJARAN BIMBEL MELALUI METODE DARING (ONLINE) PADA MASA PENDEMI DI DESA KARANGSARI
Authors: Faqih Nasyiin , Arzaq Saily Rachmatul , Lestarini Wiji , Astuti Erna Dwi
Published: June 2022

Kuliah Pengabdian Masyarakat (KPM) ini memiliki program kerja antara lain untuk memperbiki kondisi saat ini terutama dalam pendidikan yang sedang di hadapi oleh anak anak didik dalam masa pandemi COVID-19. Permasalahan yang ada di Desa Karangsari ini adalah dalam hal bimbingan pembelajaran yang mana para orang tua kurang pemahaman dalam mendidik anak dalam belajar. Motode yang digunakan adalah 1.) Observasi permasalahan, 2) sosialisasi program kepada pemerintah desa, 3) program pelatihan dam pendampingan pembelajaran kepada anak anak. Hasil dari kegiatan KPM ini adalah 1) meringakan orang tua dalam mendidik anak, 2) memudahkan anak dalam belajar tatap muka, 3) pemahamn anak dalam belajar yang mudah di tangkap.
Yûnus Emre Günümüz İnsanına Ne Söyler?
Authors: Demirci Mehmet
Published: June 2022

750 sene önce yaşamış olan Yûnus Emre’nin acaba günümüz insanına söyleyeceği bir şey var mıdır? Onun şiirleri sadece kendi yaşadığı çağa mı hitap ediyordu, yoksa evrensel boyutta mıdır? Bu tür soruların cevabı “evet” olacaktır. Nedeni şu: Yûnus ve benzerleri, doğrudan insana seslenirler, insana dokunurlar ve özellikle insanın iç dünyasına, kalbine, gönlüne hitap ederler. Dünya değişir, çağlar değişir, kıyâfetler değişir, iklimler değişir. Ama değişmeyen bir şey vardır: İnsanın iç dünyası, mânevî yapısı, kalbi, gönlü ve duyguları. Belki zekâ geliştirici uygulamalar çıkmıştır. Ama kalbin, iç dünyamızın meselesi binlerce yıldır aynıdır, aynı kalmaya devam edecektir. Çağımızın insanı 750 sene önceki insandan farklı hissetmiyor, onda farklı bir kalp çarpmıyor. Kalbin ihtiyaçları bâkîdir. Eski insan nefs taşıyordu, biz de taşıyoruz. İnsan denen üstün varlık bedenle ruh, madde ile mânâ karışımından ibâret bir bütündür. İnsanı diğer canlılardan ayıran ve üstün kılan tarafı, başta rûhu ve mânevî varlığıdır. Beden yok olucu, ruh ise kalıcıdır, ebedîdir. İnsanın bu dünyadaki ve öteki dünyadaki mutluluğu; maddesi ile mânâsı, kalbi ile kalıbı arasındaki uyum ve âhenge bağlıdır. Bu dengenin bozulması, daha çok maddenin ve bedene bağlı güçlerin, yani aşırı ihtirasların, kibirlerin gururların, çekememezliklerin, bencillik duygularının azgınlaşması, insan varlığına hâkimiyet kurması şeklinde olmaktadır. Bu bakımdan mânânın madde karşısında ezilmemesi için özel bir gayret gösterilmesi gerekir.
Free legal assistance in civil procedural law
Authors: Reis Elisa da Penha de Melo Romano , Alvarez Anselmo Prieto
Published: June 2022

This article sought to promote a systematic reflection on Free Legal Assistance and the gratuitousness of justice in Civil Procedure. In this context, the following guiding question was adopted: what hinders, facilitates or interferes with the granting of the benefits of Free Legal Assistance and Free Justice, in the broad sense and in the strict sense, in the systematic procedural conception, in the face of judicial decisions of deferral, denial and revocation of the granting of the benefit? Aiming to address the concepts, definitions, their procedural aspect and their application in the execution phase of the sentence. Therefore, the inductive method was used as a research tool for Doctrine and Jurisprudence, in order to identify what hinders, facilitates or interferes in the granting of the benefits of Legal Assistance. Thus, through this research, it was possible to observe that the guarantee of free justice involves only procedural expenses and attorney fees, being granted to the party as long as these prove the precariousness of resources. Therefore, the Civil Procedure Code promotes the application of procedural equality to reach justice for all those who are underprivileged and in social exclusion and who may need state jurisdictional support.
Asistencia jurídica gratuita en derecho procesal civil
Authors: Reis Elisa da Penha de Melo Romano , Alvarez Anselmo Prieto
Published: June 2022

Este artículo buscó promover una reflexión sistemática sobre la Asistencia Jurídica Gratuita y la gratuidad de la justicia en el Proceso Civil. En ese contexto, se adoptó la siguiente pregunta orientadora: qué dificulta, facilita o interfiere en el otorgamiento de los beneficios de Asistencia Jurídica Gratuita y Justicia Gratuita, en sentido amplio y en sentido estricto, en la concepción procesal sistemática, de cara a de decisiones judiciales de diferimiento, denegación y revocación del otorgamiento del beneficio? Con el objetivo de abordar los conceptos, definiciones, su aspecto procesal y su aplicación en la fase de ejecución de la sentencia. Por ello, se utilizó el método inductivo como herramienta de investigación para la Doctrina y la Jurisprudencia, con el fin de identificar qué dificulta, facilita o interfiere en el otorgamiento de los beneficios de la Asistencia Jurídica. Así, a través de esta investigación, fue posible observar que la garantía de la gratuidad de la justicia implica únicamente gastos procesales y honorarios de abogados, siendo otorgados a la parte siempre que estos acrediten la precariedad de recursos. Por ello, el Código de Procedimiento Civil promueve la aplicación de la igualdad procesal para hacer justicia a todas aquellas personas desfavorecidas y en exclusión social que puedan necesitar apoyo jurisdiccional estatal.
Creole corns from the Yucatan Peninsula as an alternative in the diet of the Mexican hairless pig
Authors: Bautista-Rodríguez Carlos Fernando , Herrera-Guzmán Carlos Josué , Candelaria-Martinez Bernardino , Ramirez-Bautista Marco Antonio , Chiquini-Medina Ricardo Antonio
Published: June 2022

Objective: The Mexican hairless pig (Sus scrofa) is a species with high degree of rusticity and environmental adaptation, capable of being included in genetic improvement programs and participant in food sovereignty. As a monogastric animal, its diet is diverse, which could include grains and fodders. However, there are few records about current alternatives used in its diet that are capable of improving the yields and quality of the meat. In the Yucatan Peninsula there are native corns with fodder potential, capable of being used in animal feed. The objective of this review was to show the potential of native corns, and their capacity to be used in the diet of the Mexican hairless pig.
Design/Methodology/Approximation: A systematic review of the literature from the period 2000 to 2020 was carried out, where the potential of Creole corns to be used in animal feed was documented, both because of their yields in grain and their plant biomass production.
Results: Based on the information analyzed, the use of San Pableño, Dzit bacal, and Nal Tel breeds is recommended, for their inclusion in the diet of the Mexican hairless pig due to their nutritional, mineral and antioxidant value.
Study Limitations/Implications: There are studies pending to allow understanding the form and quantity to supply them in the diet.
Findings/Conclusions: Creole corns that are present in the Yucatan Peninsula present high rusticity and agroclimatic adaptation, with productive potential to compete with the commercial varieties and hybrids, in the production of corn grain and fodder, reason why they can be used in the diet of the Mexican hairless pig, since it is an animal species of great adaptation.
Nutrient content and in vitro degradability of the palm kernel meal produced in the state of Chiapas, Mexico, as feed for ruminants
Authors: Bárcena-Gama Jose R. , Escobar-España José C. , Ley-De Coss Alejandro , Crosby-Galván María M.
Published: June 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional content of palm kernel meal (PM) produced in the state of Chiapas, Mexico, as feed for ruminants.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The following were determined: content of dry matter (DM), total protein (TP), ethereal extract (EE), ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), amino acids, long chain fatty acids (LCFA), minerals, polyphenols, and the in vitro degradability of DM (IDDM), of the NDF (IDNDF), and of the ADF (IDADF).
Results: The contents were: DM 92.23%, TP 10.56%, EE 7.2%, ash 3,09%, NDF 76,56% and ADF 57,20%. The PM had low concentration of lysine (0.3%), methionine (0.228%) and tryptophan (0.095%), and high contents of lauric acid (50.49%), palmitic acid (10.92%), stearic acid (19.725%), oleic acid (13.56%), copper (23.3 mg kg-1), iron (230.5 mg kg-1), zinc (78.47 mg kg-1) and total phenols (7.8 mg g-1), although the IDDM (46.02%), IDNDF (29.91%) and IDADF (27.61%) were low.
Findings/Conclusions: The PM, as byproduct of the oil agroindustry, has some important nutritional characteristics to be used as feed for ruminants. It is recommended to conduct a chemical analysis of this byproduct before including it in balanced meals to have an adequate balance of nutrients
CATTLE FARM INTEGRATION MODEL IN WARU BARAT VILLAGE IN THE CONCEPT OF INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM
Authors: Gusti Rahwi Salma , Zuhriyah Amanatuz , Ariyani Aminah Happy Moninthofa , Fauziyah Elys
Published: June 2022

Madura cattle are a type of local Madura cattle based on the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture which is used as a form of germplasm conservation. Besides playing a role in contributing to the beef cattle population in Indonesia, Madura cattle can also play a role as a source of economic, social, and cultural resources for the people of West Waru Village. Madura cattle management is done traditionally by utilizing the resources in the village but has not been implemented optimally. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile, input, and output of Madura cattle farms in Waru Barat Village, as well as to create an integration model that occurs between the components of Madura cattle and other potential components. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with the Miles and Huberman model to describe the profile, input, and output of Madura cattle farms. The results showed: (1) the profile of Madura Cattle farms dominated by cattlemen with an age range of 30 to 64 years, with elementary school education, experience in raising livestock for 10 to 30 years, main occupation as a farmer, livestock business orientation as savings, has 1 to 2 cattle, and intensive maintenance; (2) inputs from Madura cattle include feed, drink, medicines, and labor; (3) the output of Madura cattle is manure; and (4) the integration model includes 3 main components, namely the human component, the plant component, and the cattle component.
State of the Art of Geothermal Energy System Enhancement: A Literature Review
Authors: Gómez Franklin , Tóth Anikó N.
Published: June 2022

The application of hydraulic fracturing in geothermal reservoirs requires the con- sideration of aspects related to temperature, geology, and in-situ stresses. This research com- pares the application of hydraulic fracturing for geothermal purposes in Rotliegend sand- stones of sedimentary origin in the North German Basin with that of a Granodiorite reservoir in the Pohang site in South Korea. Furthermore, some recommendations are proposed for the application of hydraulic fracturing in Ecuadorian plays for thegeneration of geothermal en- ergy. The basement reservoirs have a hard structure and are prone to pre-existing natural fractures, especially in reservoirs for geothermal purposes, because they normally have active tectonism due to their location. In contrast, sedimentary reservoirs are not necessarily in areas with active tectonism and their more ductile structure does not make them prone to natural fractures, but their temperature gradient should be analyzed to verify their feasibility. The stress analysis, the coefficient of fracture conductivity (FCD), the Folds of Increase (FOI) and the temperature gradient are complementary factors for determining the economic via- bility of geothermal reservoirs. Consequently, the application of hydraulic fracturing in geo- thermal reservoirs requires the analysis of Sv (overburden) stress, Sh1 (horizontal 1) stress, Sh2 (horizontal 2) stress, temperature, FCD, and FOI. This is particularly true for the Chachimbiro Ecuadorian geothermal reservoir, where there is high temperature and active tectonism.
Development of Underwater Surface Measurement : Multibeam Sonar
Authors: Eke Zoltán , Havasi István
Published: June 2022

This study was written in the title theme as a result of the cooperation between the staff of the departments of the two scientific institutions mentioned above. Its first author is also a PhD student of the IGGIS. This year the Bay Zoltán Applied Research Public Benefit Nonprofit Ltd. has purchased a Norbit-iWBMSe multibeam ultrasonic system. The primary purpose of this paper is to describe a multibeam ultrasonic system (Norbit- iWBMSe) and to examine its useful application for mine surveying purposes, particularly for measurements used in underwater mining situations, such as the official determination of the amount of the extracted mineral resources, which also serves as the basis for determining the payable annual mining rent. In our study, first, we will briefly review the new surveying technologies which have appeared in Hungarian mine surveying recently and are likely to be used more and more in the future. Then we will deal with the history of under-water topographic mapping. Afterwards the multibeam sonar survey device and its ad- vantages will be discussed, and two waterbed surveying examples from our own practice will be shown. Finally, the legal background of mining volume computation will be briefly described. Furthermore, it is important to highlight the role of multibeam sonar in mining exploitation process.
Investigation of Gas Flow Models in Case of Micro- and Nanopore Size Reservoirs
Authors: Pusztai Patrik , Jobbik Anita
Published: June 2022

Conventional continuum-flow equations, such as the well-known Darcy’s law, greatly underestimate the fluid-flow rate when applied to micro and nanopore-bearing reser- voirs. This paper concentrates on the collection, interpretation and presentation of different flow models which can be used in such conditions. They are utilized on core samples which originated in a Hungarian reservoir under extreme pressure and temperature (over 1,100 bar and 200 °C). As only limited literature is available which can describe the exact flow behavior of natural gas in these conditions, comparison of the different models under these conditions can provide information for a wider understanding of these types of reservoirs. Several factors influence gas production from these unconventional formations, so the creation of an adequate material balance equation was necessary to describe pressure deple- tion and original gas in-place. Integration of this novel material balance equation with the different flow models results in a calculation algorithm which enables investigation of the reservoir behavior during production. Finally, the adaptability of this model to real produc- tion data is investigated.
Ways to reduce the influence of high frequency currents on the human body under induction surfacing
Authors: Pulka Cheslav , Okipnyi Ihor , Senchyshyn Viktor , Levchenko Oleg , Ryskalchik Sergii
Published: June 2022

Devices with thermal and electromagnetic shields for induction heating and surfacing of machine parts using a ferrite magnetic circuit with a single-turn inductor, devices with double-turn and three-turn inductors, in which the surfacing zone is completely closed from the influence on workers are designed. This allows to improve the working conditions, as well as to develop new technological processes using high frequency currents. It is shown that the use of thermal and electromagnetic screens can reduce the surfacing time by 10–20 s and decrease the energy consumption by 15–20%, depending on the powdered hard alloy, taking into account health and safety issues.