bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE BERLIN EXOPLANET SEARCH TELESCOPE II CATALOG OF VARIABLE STARS. II. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CoRoT SRc02 FIELD
Authors: Klagyivik P. , Csizmadia Sz. , Pasternacki T. , Cabrera J. , Chini R. , Eigmüller P. , Erikson A. , Fruth T. , Kabath P. , Lemke R. , Murphy M. , Rauer H. , Titz-Weider R.
Published: April 2016

Time-series photometry of the CoRoT field SRc02 was obtained by the Berlin Exoplanet Search Telescope II (BEST II) in 2009. The main aim was to conduct a ground-based follow-up of the CoRoT field in order to detect variable stars with better spatial resolution than what can be achieved with the CoRoT Space Telescope. A total of 1846 variable stars were detected, of which only 30 have been previously known. For nine eclipsing binaries the stellar parameters were determined by modeling their light curves.
MORPHOLOGIES OF ∼190,000 GALAXIES AT z = 0–10 REVEALED WITH HST LEGACY DATA. II. EVOLUTION OF CLUMPY GALAXIES
Authors: Shibuya Takatoshi , Ouchi Masami , Kubo Mariko , Harikane Yuichi
Published: April 2016

We investigate the evolution of clumpy galaxies with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) samples of ∼17,000 photo-z and Lyman break galaxies at z ≃ 0–8. We detect clumpy galaxies with off-center clumps in a self-consistent algorithm that is well tested with previous study results, and we measure the number fraction of clumpy galaxies at the rest-frame UV,

f

clumpy

UV

. We identify an evolutionary trend of

f

clumpy

UV

over z ≃ 0–8 for the first time:

f

clumpy

UV

increases from z ≃ 8 to z ≃ 1–3 and subsequently decreases from z ≃ 1 to z ≃ 0, which follows the trend of the Madau–Lilly plot. A low average Sérsic index of n ≃ 1 is found in the underlining components of our clumpy galaxies at z ≃ 0–2, indicating that typical clumpy galaxies have disk-like surface brightness profiles. Our

f

clumpy

UV

values correlate with physical quantities related to star formation activities for star-forming galaxies at z ≃ 0–7. We find that clump colors tend to be red at a small galactocentric distance for massive galaxies with

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

≳

11

. All of these results are consistent with the picture that a majority of clumps form in the violent disk instability and migrate into the galactic centers.
ANALYSIS OF TERRESTRIAL PLANET FORMATION BY THE GRAND TACK MODEL: SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND TACK LOCATION
Authors: Brasser R. , Matsumura S. , Ida S. , Mojzsis S. J. , Werner S. C.
Published: April 2016

The Grand Tack model of terrestrial planet formation has emerged in recent years as the premier scenario used to account for several observed features of the inner solar system. It relies on the early migration of the giant planets to gravitationally sculpt and mix the planetesimal disk down to ∼1 au, after which the terrestrial planets accrete from material remaining in a narrow circumsolar annulus. Here, we investigate how the model fares under a range of initial conditions and migration course-change (“tack”) locations. We run a large number of N-body simulations with tack locations of 1.5 and 2 au and test initial conditions using equal-mass planetary embryos and a semi-analytical approach to oligarchic growth. We make use of a recent model of the protosolar disk that takes into account viscous heating, includes the full effect of type 1 migration, and employs a realistic mass–radius relation for the growing terrestrial planets. Our results show that the canonical tack location of Jupiter at 1.5 au is inconsistent with the most massive planet residing at 1 au at greater than 95% confidence. This favors a tack farther out at 2 au for the disk model and parameters employed. Of the different initial conditions, we find that the oligarchic case is capable of statistically reproducing the orbital architecture and mass distribution of the terrestrial planets, while the equal-mass embryo case is not.
THE SPECTRUM AND TERM ANALYSIS OF CO iii MEASURED USING FOURIER TRANSFORM AND GRATING SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Smillie D. G. , Pickering J. C. , Nave G. , Smith P. L.
Published: April 2016

The spectrum of Co iii has been recorded in the region 1562–2564 Å (64,000 cm−1–39,000 cm−1) by Fourier transform (FT) spectroscopy, and in the region 1317–2500 Å (164,000 cm−1–40,000 cm−1) using a 10.7 m grating spectrograph with phosphor image plate detectors. The spectrum was excited in a cobalt–neon Penning discharge lamp. We classified 514 Co iii lines measured using FT spectroscopy, the strongest having wavenumber uncertainties approaching 0.004 cm−1 (approximately 0.2 mÅ at 2000 Å, or 1 part in 107), and 240 lines measured with grating spectroscopy with uncertainties between 5 and 10 mÅ. The wavelength calibration of 790 lines of Raassen & Ortí Ortin and 87 lines from Shenstone has been revised and combined with our measurements to optimize the values of all but one of the 288 previously reported energy levels. Order of magnitude reductions in uncertainty for almost two-thirds of the 3d64s and almost half of the 3d64p revised energy levels are obtained. Ritz wavelengths have been calculated for an additional 100 forbidden lines. Eigenvector percentage compositions for the energy levels and predicted oscillator strengths have been calculated using the Cowan code.
La dégradation d’un prêtre à Prague le 7 avril 1631 : justice ecclésiastique et réforme catholique au début de la guerre de Trente ans
Authors: Richard Nicolas
Published: April 2016

Laurent Hanžburský ze Kopečka, prêtre de l’archidiocèse de Prague, en Bohême, fut dégradé de son sacerdoce et décapité le 7 avril 1631. Après avoir analysé son itinéraire, oscillant entre catholicisme et hérésie à une époque où le flou religieux n’était plus toléré, l’étude se penche sur la façon dont le tribunal consistorial, alors en pleine renaissance, a usé très librement du droit canonique dans sa version romaine, et cherché à asseoir sa juridiction face au juge laïc. L’affaire appartient à la phase judiciaire de la réforme catholique de la Bohême, qui, comme ailleurs, a privilégié l’exemplarité de causes célèbres. Ne faudrait-il donc pas envisager la réforme tridentine à l’aune de l’histoire du droit, plutôt qu’à celle de la seule délinquance ?
L’administration coloniale française et la consolidation de l’Islam confrérique au Sénégal
Authors: Mansour Dia Mouhamadou
Published: April 2016

La colonisation du Sénégal par la France est diversement appréciée. Certains Sénégalais pensent que cette colonisation est la cause de tous les malheurs du pays ; d’autres, par contre, admettent qu’elle constitue un mal nécessaire et a, de ce fait, des aspects positifs. Mais il peut aussi être démontré que la colonisation du Sénégal de par la France a été profitable aux marabouts confrériques. Elle a permis aux marabouts de consolider l’influence et l’hégémonie de leurs confréries au Sénégal. C’est de ce rapport entre l’administration coloniale et les marabouts confrériques que traite ce texte.
L’analogie est-elle plus explicite que la métaphore ?
Authors: Hilgert Emilia
Published: April 2016

Cet article aborde les propriétés du tour formulaire analogique « A est à B ce que C est à D » dans son expression linguistique du type La sagesse est à l’âme ce que la santé est pour le corps . Elles permettent d’avancer l’idée que le tour analogique à quatre termes est la base même de la métaphore et de la comparaison à deux ou trois termes, qui peuvent être considérés comme ses formes elliptiques. L’argument avancé est le fait que la formule analogique n’explicite pas, comme le disait déjà Aristote, la solution interprétative des formes elliptiques, mais nécessite comme celles-ci un calcul inférentiel pour trouver la relation de ressemblance entre deux entités de catégories différentes.
La chanson, voix publique (Paris, 1816-1881)
Authors: Benini Romain
Published: April 2016

Cet article vise à rendre compte de la présence de la chanson dans la rue parisienne au xix e  siècle, et à voir de quelle façon l’imaginaire de la rue influe en retour sur la production chansonnière. La chanson est un art surveillé pendant tout le siècle, mais elle est également un art labile, qui échappe aux contrôles, et parvient à se faire entendre dans des lieux divers et parfois interdits. La rue, elle, est un espace de performance pour les chanteurs occasionnels ou professionnels, mais c’est aussi un espace de circulation géographique (les chanteurs n’occupent pas l’espace urbain de manière homogène), économique (les chansons se vendent) et discursive (les chansons se transmettent). C’est surtout un espace pensé comme lieu de vie populaire. La rue est pour toutes ces raisons à la fois un cadre et un motif esthétique dont la place pour la compréhension du phénomène chansonnier au xix e siècle est majeure.
La rue parisienne et le reportage, enquêtes d’une affinité élective
Authors: Simard-Houde Mélodie
Published: April 2016

Dans le discours social de la fin du Second Empire à la Belle Époque, l’image de la rue, théâtre des faits divers, s’impose pour dire la sphère d’activité du reportage en plein essor. Tandis que les foules descendent dans la rue, le reporter émerge comme médiateur au sein d’un autre « espace public » démocratisé, celui du journal, un rôle qui se renforce dans l’entre-deux-guerres. Que le reporter envisage le pavé foulé lors des luttes sociales, la voirie malmenée par les chantiers de l’urbanisme ou le lieu d’une flânerie passée au filtre de représentations littéraires et artistiques, la rue devient le révélateur de la fonction qu’il joue lui-même au sein de la société. Dans l’analogie de la rue et du reportage se tiennent des convergences, en lien avec les manifestations d’une modernité démocratique, technique et esthétique, dont on interroge les significations.
La planification en santé : un essai à transformer
Authors: Lopez Alain , Bréchat Pierre-Henri
Published: April 2016

La planification en santé couvre en France l’ensemble des déterminants de la santé au niveau régional, ce qui en fait un levier important pour construire un système producteur de santé. Si elle est une réussite, elle est en attente d’évolutions. Des propositions sont faites pour déterminer une stratégie publique globale, portant sur tous les domaines d’intervention et combinant l’emploi de tous les leviers de régulation, favorisant l’engagement de chacun, dont les professionnels de santé et la population, dans la recherche d’orientations partagées.
Science et religion, culture universelle et spécificités juives
Authors: Trimbur Dominique
Published: April 2016

Dans le sionisme comme mouvement national juif, l’Université hébraïque de Jérusalem occupe une place particulière, sinon centrale. Établissement d’enseignement supérieur, il doit incarner le renouveau culturel hébraïque détaché des traditions héritées de la diaspora et des seuls aspects religieux juifs. L’article revient sur les origines de l’institution et sur ses fonctions, pensées par les pères du mouvement national juif. Il distingue science, religion et culture juives dans l’idéologie sioniste théorique préalable à la création de l’établissement universitaire ; puis dans le sionisme appliqué, une fois l’Université de Jérusalem créée, avec la mise en place d’enseignements séparés de « sciences juives » et de « sciences générales » au cours de ses premières décennies.
Tissue interactions, cell signaling and transcriptional control in the cranial mesoderm during craniofacial development
Authors: Fan Xiaochen , Loebel David A F , Bildsoe Heidi , Wilkie Emilie E , Qin Jing , Wang Junwen , Tam Patrick P L
Published: April 2016

The cranial neural crest and the cranial mesoderm are the source of tissues from which the bone and cartilage of the skull, face and jaws are constructed. The development of the cranial mesoderm is not well studied, which is inconsistent with its importance in craniofacial morphogenesis as a source of precursor tissue of the chondrocranium, muscles, vasculature and connective tissues, mechanical support for tissue morphogenesis, and the signaling activity that mediate interactions with the cranial neural crest. Phenotypic analysis of conditional knockout mouse mutants, complemented by the transcriptome analysis of differentially enriched genes in the cranial mesoderm and cranial neural crest, have identified signaling pathways that may mediate cross-talk between the two tissues. In the cranial mesenchyme, Bmp4 is expressed in the mesoderm cells while its signaling activity could impact on both the mesoderm and the neural crest cells. In contrast, Fgf8 is predominantly expressed in the cranial neural crest cells and it influences skeletal development and myogenesis in the cranial mesoderm. WNT signaling, which emanates from the cranial neural crest cells, interacts with BMP and FGF signaling in monitoring the switch between tissue progenitor expansion and differentiation. The transcription factor Twist1, a critical molecular regulator of many aspects of craniofacial development, coordinates the activity of the above pathways in cranial mesoderm and cranial neural crest tissue compartments.
Acidolysis of terebinth fruit oil with palmitic and caprylic acids in a recirculating packed bed reactor: optimization using response surface methodology
Authors: Koçak Yanık D. , Keskin H. , Fadıloğlu S. , Göğüş F.
Published: April 2016

The acidolysis reaction of terebinth fruit oil with caprylic and palmitic acid has been investigated. The reaction was catalyzed by lipase (Lipozyme IM from Rhizomucormiehei) and carried out in recirculating packed bed reactor. The effects of reaction parameters have been analyzed using response surface methodology. Reaction time (3.5–6.5 h), enzyme load (10–20%), substrate flow rate (4–8 mL·min-1) and substrate mole ratios (Terebinth oil : Palmitic acid : Caprylic acid, 1:1.83:1.22–1:3.07:2.05) were evaluated. The optimum reaction conditions were 5.9 h reaction time, 10% enzyme load, 4 mL·min-1 substrate flow rate and 1:3.10:2.07 substrate mole ratio. The structured lipid obtained at these optimum conditions had 52.23% desired triacylglycerols and a lower caloric value than that of terebinth fruit oil. The melting characteristics and microstructure of the structured lipid were similar to those of commercial margarine fat extracts. The results showed that the structured lipid had the highest oxidative stability among the studied fats.
Extra virgin olive oil reduces liver oxidative stress and tissue depletion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids produced by a high saturated fat diet in mice
Authors: Valenzuela R. , Hernandez-Rodas M. C. , Espinosa A. , Rincón M. A. , Romero N. , Barrera C. , Marambio M. , Vivero J. , Valenzuela A.
Published: April 2016

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) which are synthesized mainly in the liver have relevant functions in the organism. A diet high in fat (HFD) generates an increase in the levels of fat and induces oxidative stress (lipo-peroxidation) in the liver, along with a reduction in tissue n-3 and n-6 LCPUFA. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is rich in anti-oxidants (polyphenols and tocopherols) which help to prevent the development of oxidative stress. This study evaluated the role of EVOO in preventing the induction of fat deposition and oxidative stress in the liver and in the depletion of LCPUFA in the liver, erythrocytes and brain generated by a HFD in C57BL/6J mice. Four experimental groups (n = 10/group) were fed a control diet (CD) or a HFD for 12 weeks and were respectively supplemented with EVOO (100 mg/day). The group fed HFD showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in fat accumulation and oxidative stress in the liver, accompanied by a reduction in the levels of n-3 and n-6 LCPUFA in the liver, erythrocytes and brain. Supplementation with EVOO mitigated the increase in fat and oxidative stress produced by HFD in the liver, along with a normalization of LCPUFA levels in the liver, erythrocytes and brain. It is proposed that EVOO supplementation protects against fat accumulation, and oxidative stress and normalizes n-3 and n-6 LCPUFA depletion induced in mice fed a HFD.
Prolifération de Cissus quadrangularis L. dans le Parc National des Iles-de-la-Madeleine, Sénégal
Authors: Nzengue Ephrem , Sambou Bienvenu , Thiam Abou , Noba Kandioura , Sambou Yacinthe , Mavoungou Jacques François
Published: April 2016

Les parcs nationaux sont des aires protégées représentatives d’écosystèmes naturels d’un pays. L’introduction de plantes étrangères dans ces écosystèmes naturels présente un risque pour la conservation de la biodiversité, notamment lorsque ces aires protégées sont insulaires. Depuis quelques décennies, Cissus quadrangularis, une espèce végétale Indo-Malaisienne, introduite au Sénégal vers le XIXe siècle, présente un développement qui inquiète les autorités du Parc national des Iles de la Madeleine (PNIM) qui s’étend sur 45 hectares. Le présent travail a été entrepris pour évaluer l’état de l’occupation du sol par les peuplements de C. quadrangularis et fournir des informations sur les incidences de la plante sur les écosystèmes de cette partie du pays. La réalisation de relevés phytosociologiques a permis de mettre en évidence huit groupements végétaux. À partir de la digitalisation d’une image quickbird de résolution 1 mètre, les principaux faciès d’occupation du parc ont été cartographiés et les superficies occupées par C. quadrangularis ont été estimées. La surface d’occurrence (5,7 ha) des peuplements de la plante représente 27,2 % de la surface totale des îles (20,9). Cette plante présente une menace sur la biodiversité du Parc. Selon nos résultats, il apparait urgent de chercher et de mettre en œuvre des mesures appropriées de contrôle de l’extension de la plante dans le Parc.
Design, Development and Implantation of Self-Assessment Tools in the Subject of Manufacturing Engineering in Engineering Degrees at the University of Malaga
Authors: Trujillo F.J. , Martín M.J. , Martín F. , Sevilla Lorenzo
Published: April 2016

At the presented work, the results obtained by the implementation of self-assessment tools in the subject of Manufacturing Engineering are analyzed. This is the first subject that has been taught by the Department of Manufacturing Engineering Processes at the University of Malaga in all new engineering degrees within the EHEA framework. First, weak points related to the criteria, tools and evaluation methods have been identified, which were detected during the first year teaching the subject. In order to improve the academic outcomes, new evaluation methods and additional assessment tools have been developed. For this purpose, ICT based tools have been used to support teaching. Finally, the academic results after its implantation have been compared with those previously obtained. As a result, an increase in the number of students who passed the exams together with an improvement in the average marks has been observed, as well as a reduction in the number of student skipping the final exam.
Multidisciplinary Learning of Manufacturing Engineering through Bachelor and Master Theses in Incremental Sheet Forming
Authors: Centeno Gabriel , Martínez-Donaire Andrés Jesús , Morales-Palma D. , Borrego M. , Vallellano C.
Published: April 2016

This work presents a novel teaching experience in the framework of final master and bachelor theses within the research line on incremental sheet forming processes. This forming process involves a series of competences dealing with manufacturing technology at a wide multidisciplinary level. This paper analyses these different manufacturing topics and the knowledge acquired by students doing their final theses within this field. This knowledge will be very useful during their future professional career.
Project Based Learning Applied to Stamping Tribology of Automobile Frames
Authors: Plá-Ferrando Caballero R. , Sánchez-Caballero S. , Sellés M.A. , Pérez-Bernabeu E.
Published: April 2016

This paper shows the authors experience in the implementation of cooperative learning during the fourth year of the Mechanical Engineering Grade, having involved from the second to the fourth year. Difficulties encountered are discussed.
An Open Architecture for the Sustainable Lifecycle of Products and Manufacturing Processes from the Holonic Paradigm
Authors: Ávila Gutiérrez María Jesús , Aguayo González F. , Lama Ruiz J.R. , Martín Gómez A.M.
Published: April 2016

The concept of integration of products and manufacturing processes in ecosystems is evolving from the consideration of environmental aspects to the integration of socio-economic aspects. On the other hand, the lifecycle of product and manufacturing process is the central point for organizing the activity that determines and materializes the environmental load of the product from cradle to grave. So far, there isn ́t an integrated model from the perspective of assessing the sustainability of products and processes with a focus on concurrent design. This paper develops a Holonic protomodel that constitutes an open architecture for lifecycle of sustainable products and processes that integrate the assess of products from social, economic and environmental perspective.
Sustainable Manufacturing Engineering and Innovative Projects of Teaching, Research and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Peralta Álvarez María Estela , Aguayo González Francisco , Lama Ruiz Juan Ramón , Ávila Gutiérrez María Jesús , González-Regalado Eduardo
Published: April 2016

This paper studies the different conceptual approaches that have had the concept of sustainability, for screening at the completion of a proposed sustainable processes engineering of manufacturing as epistemological identity field. This proposal would allow the articulation of an evolutionary form of the potential driver of innovation in teaching practice, research and engineering business of Manufacturing Processes in sustainable social, economic and natural ecosystems. As the deployment proposal that can take innovation in teaching in regards to educational provision, structure and content of the curriculum in professional and university levels, in research programs and explore new business lines.
Generation of Catalytic Antibodies Is an Intrinsic Property of an Individual’s Immune System: A Study on a Large Cohort of Renal Transplant Patients
Authors: Mahendra Ankit , Peyron Ivan , Thaunat Olivier , Dollinger Cécile , Gilardin Laurent , Sharma Meenu , Wootla Bharath , Rao Desirazu N. , Padiolleau-Lefevre Séverine , Boquet Didier , More Abhijit , Varadarajan Navin , Kaveri Srini V. , Legendre Christophe , Lacroix-Desmazes Sébastien
Published: April 2016

Renal transplant is the treatment of choice for patients with terminal end-stage renal disease. We have previously identified low levels of catalytic IgG as a potential prognosis marker for chronic allograft rejection. The origin and physiopathological relevance of catalytic Abs is not well understood, owing to the fact that catalytic Abs have been studied in relatively small cohorts of patients with rare diseases and/or without systematic follow-up. In the current study, we have followed the evolution of the levels of catalytic IgG in a large cohort of renal transplant patients over a 2-y period. Our results demonstrate that, prior to transplant, patients with renal failure present with heterogeneous levels of IgG hydrolyzing the generic proline-phenylalanine-arginine-methylcoumarinamide (PFR-MCA) substrate. PFR-MCA hydrolysis was greater for patients’ IgG than for a therapeutic preparation of pooled IgG from healthy donors. Renal transplant was marked by a drastic decrease in levels of catalytic IgG over 3 mo followed by a steady increase during the next 21 mo. Patients who displayed high levels of catalytic IgG pretransplant recovered high levels of catalytic Abs 2 y posttransplant. Interestingly, IgG-mediated hydrolysis of a model protein substrate, procoagulant factor VIII, did not correlate with that of PFR-MCA prior transplantation, whereas it did 12 mo posttransplant. Taken together, our results suggest that the level of circulating catalytic IgG under pathological conditions is an intrinsic property of each individual’s immune system and that recovery of pretransplant levels of catalytic IgG is accompanied by changes in the repertoire of target Ags.
Could Spinal Canal Compression Be a Cause of Polyneuropathy?
Authors: Bostelmann Richard , Zella Samis , Steiger Hans Jakob , Petridis Athanasios K.
Published: April 2016

Causality between spinal cord compression and polyneuropathy is difficult to define, especially under the circumstances that polyneuropathy can have many causes. Seven patients with spinal cord compression and electrophysiological signs of polyneuropathy were treated surgically on decompression of their spinal canal stenosis in the time from April 2010 to January 2013. Median follow up time was 9 months (2-23 months). Causes of polyneuropathy were: 1 patient with methotrexate-induced polyneuropathy, 1 endocrine-dysfunction-induced, 2 with diabetic- polyneuropathy, and 3 patients had unknown reasons. The localization of the spinal canal stenosis was also varying: 2 patients suffered of cervical spinal canal stenosis and 5 of lumbar. Decompressive surgery led to pain relieve in all patients initially. Surprisingly, also symptoms of polyneuropathy seemed to regress in all 7 patients for the first 5 months after surgery, and in 5 patients for the time of 9 months after surgery. There are two points we would like to emphasize in this short report. Since 5/7 patients with polyneuropathy and spinal canal stenosis improved clinically after surgery, surgery has a place in the treatment of such a combined pathology. Since it seems to be a possible causality between polyneuropathy of unknown origin and spinal cord stenosis, decompression of the spinal canal could also be a therapeutic step in a specific kind of polyneuropathy. Which patients could possibly have a spinal canal stenosis induced polyneuropathy remains a subject of further studies.
A Well-Conditioned Hypersingular Boundary Element Method for Electrostatic Potentials in the Presence of Inhomogeneities within Layered Media
Authors: Zinser Brian , Cai Wei
Published: April 2016

In this paper, we will present a high-order, well-conditioned boundary element method (BEM) based on Müller's hypersingular second kind integral equation formulation to accurately compute electrostatic potentials in the presence of inhomogeneity embedded within layered media. We consider two types of inhomogeneities: the first one is a simple model of an ion channel which consists of a finite height cylindrical cavity embedded in a layered electrolytes/membrane environment, and the second one is a Janus particle made of two different semi-spherical dielectric materials. Both types of inhomogeneities have relevant applications in biology and colloidal material, respectively. The proposed BEM givescondition numbers, allowing fast convergence of iterative solvers compared to previous work using first kind of integral equations. We also show that the second order basis converges faster and is more accurate than the first order basis for the BEM.
Simulation of Flow in Multi-Scale Porous Media Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method on Quadtree Grids
Authors: Zhang Lei , Kang Qinjun , Chen Li , Yao Jun
Published: April 2016

The unified lattice Boltzmann model is extended to the quadtree grids for simulation of fluid flow through porous media. The unified lattice Boltzmann model is capable of simulating flow in porous media at various scales or in systems where multiple length scales coexist. The quadtree grid is able to provide a high-resolution approximation to complex geometries, with great flexibility to control local grid density. The combination of the unified lattice Boltzmann model and the quadtree grids results in an efficient numerical model for calculating permeability of multi-scale porous media. The model is used for permeability calculation for three systems, including a fractured system used in a previous study, a Voronoi tessellation system, and a computationally-generated pore structure of fractured shale. The results are compared with those obtained using the conventional lattice Boltzmann model or the unified lattice Boltzmann model on rectangular or uniform square grid. It is shown that the proposed model is an accurate and efficient tool for flow simulation in multi-scale porous media. In addition, for the fractured shale, the contribution of flow in matrix and fractures to the overall permeability of the fractured shale is studied systematically.
Pseudo-Arclength Continuation Algorithms for Binary Rydberg-Dressed Bose-Einstein Condensates
Authors: Sriburadet Sirilak , Wang Y.-S. , Chien C.-S. , Shih Y.
Published: April 2016

We study pseudo-arclength continuation methods for both Rydberg-dressed Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC), and binary Rydberg-dressed BEC which are governed by the Gross-Pitaevskii equations (GPEs). A divide-and-conquer technique is proposed for rescaling the range/ranges of nonlocal nonlinear term/terms, which gives enough information for choosing a proper stepsize. This guarantees that the solution curve we wish to trace can be precisely approximated. In addition, the ground state solution would successfully evolve from one peak to vortices when the affect of the rotating term is imposed. Moreover, parameter variables with different number of components are exploited in curve-tracing. The proposed methods have the advantage of tracing the ground state solution curve once to compute the contours for various values of the coefficients of the nonlocal nonlinear term/terms. Our numerical results are consistent with those published in the literatures.
Seedling growth performance of Entandrophragma angolense (Welw.) C. DC as influenced by different light intensities
Authors: Adewunmi AO , Bolanle–Ojo OT , Oladejo AO
Published: April 2016

The study investigated the influence of light intensities on the early growth performance of Entandrophragma angolense as an important step towards its domestication. Seedlings of E. angolense were monitored under five light intensities namely: under tree canopy (5%), 25%, 50%, 75% light intensities and control treatment was direct sunlight (100% light intensity). The study was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design and for the period of 3 months. The different light intensities did not significantly affect the height, collar diameter, leaf production and biomass accumulation of E. angolense seedlings. Chlorophyll content of leaf was significantly affected by light intensities. The result from this study has shown that E. angolense seedlings can be easily raised in the nursery under different light intensities. The result revealed that height and other growth parameters as well as biomass accumulation do not depend on the amount of light intensities received. Chlorophyll content of leaves of the seedlings however depend on the amount of light intensities received.Keywords: Environmental factors, Propagation, Domestication, Biomass, Chlorophyll, light intensity
Analysis of soybean supply to price changes in the domestic market in Nigeria: application of Nerlovian adaptive expectation model
Authors: Odedokun VO
Published: April 2016

The central focus of this study deals with the response of soybean supply to price changes in the domestic markets in Nigeria. Theoretically, the response of farmers in the supply of any agricultural commodity depends on the ruling price, price expectations and some prevailing non-economic factors evolving round the ecology and biology of agricultural production. It is on this basis that farmers respond and decide on the amount of soybean to produce in a current year using last year’s market prospects as a basis for decision thereby justifying the level of profit accruing to them. In this study, three functions (linear, semi-log and logarithm functions) were specified in the Nerlovian adaptive expectation model in the analysis of the response of soybean supply to price changes in the domestic markets in Nigeria between the period (1975-2009). The study showed that farmers’ responses were not encouraging in the production and supply of soybean in the domestic markets with respect to the dictate of prices, price expectations and price of groundnut as a chosen competitive enterprise.Keywords: Response, soybean supply, price changes, soybean market, Nigeria
Determinants of choice of crop grown in the floodplain among farmers in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Ndubueze-Ogaraku ME , Ekine DI
Published: April 2016

This study examined the determinants of choice of crop grown in the floodplain among the farmers in Rivers State Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was adopted to select 340 respondents. Descriptive statistics and logistic probability model were the analytical technique used. The result shows that about 34.7 % of respondents were in the age group of 31- 40 years; womenfolk dominated the farming population with 63.5%. The logistic regression results showed that farmers’ age and years of formal education were significant determinants of choice of crop grown in study area. The Wald statistics showed a statistical significant result which concludes that the choice of either growing cassava or fluted pumpkin in the study area was influenced by socio-economic characteristics of the farmers. It is recommended that farmers are advised to improve their level of education to enhance decision making ability on types of crops to grow in the floodplain farms.Keywords: Determinants, Farmers’ Choice, Crop, Floodplain, Rivers State
Effect of alternative hormones on the rootability of Parkia biglobosa
Authors: Dunsin O , Ajiboye G , Adeyemo T
Published: April 2016

The need to improve the knowledge of vegetative propagation and create a paradigm shift in the attention of farmers and researchers through the introduction of the use of alternative hormones which will help to bypass the juvenile stages of certain species for better field establishment and to improve reforestation of certain threatened or extinct species. This study was conducted to determine the best alternative hormone on the semi-hardwood stem cutting of Parkia biglobosa. The alternative hormones used were Pure Honey, Coconut Water, Moringa Leaf Extract and Control. Five (5) semi-hardwoods stem cuttings of Parkia biglobosa with three (3) replicates giving 60 experimental units and were place in a propagating chamber for rooting. Moringa Leaf Extract was significantly higher than other treatments in terms of total number of roots, total length of roots and length of longest root. Coconut water was significantly higher in terms of percentage of rooted cuttings and number of cuttings with callus due to the presence of auxins and cytokinins. However, there was no significant difference between Moringa leaf extract and coconut water treatment in number of rooted cuttings, formation of callus, rooting success.Keywords: Moringa Leaf Extract; Coconut Water; Honey; Rootability; Parkia biglobosa
Characteristics of monsoon inversions over the Arabian Sea observed by satellite sounder and reanalysis data sets
Authors: Dwivedi Sanjeev , Narayanan M. S. , Venkat Ratnam M. , Narayana Rao D.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Monsoon inversion (MI) over the Arabian Sea (AS) is one of the important characteristics associated with the monsoon activity over Indian region during summer monsoon season. In the present study, we have used 5 years (2009–2013) of temperature and water vapour measurement data obtained from satellite sounder instrument, an Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) onboard MetOp satellite, in addition to ERA-Interim data, to study their characteristics. The lower atmospheric data over the AS have been examined first to identify the areas where MIs are predominant and occur with higher strength. Based on this information, a detailed study has been made to investigate their characteristics separately in the eastern AS (EAS) and western AS (WAS) to examine their contrasting features. The initiation and dissipation times of MIs, their percentage occurrence, strength, etc., has been examined using the huge database. The relation with monsoon activity (rainfall) over Indian region during normal and poor monsoon years is also studied. WAS ΔT values are  ∼  2 K less than those over the EAS, ΔT being the temperature difference between 950 and 850 hPa. A much larger contrast between the WAS and EAS in ΔT is noticed in ERA-Interim data set vis-à-vis those observed by satellites. The possibility of detecting MI from another parameter, refractivity N, obtained directly from another satellite constellation of GPS Radio Occultation (RO) (COSMIC), has also been examined. MI detected from IASI and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) onboard the NOAA satellite have been compared to see how far the two data sets can be combined to study the MI characteristics. We suggest MI could also be included as one of the semipermanent features of southwest monsoon along with the presently accepted six parameters.
Observations of water vapor within a mid-tropospheric smoke plume using ground-based microwave radiometry
Authors: Clabo Darren R.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. This study presents an analysis of the water vapor mixing ratio contained within multiple mid-tropospheric smoke plumes as diagnosed by a ground-based passive microwave radiometer. Measurements from the radiometer were compared to smoke opacity as diagnosed from visible satellite imagery on three different days: 12, 16, and 20 August 2013. It was found that the water vapor mixing ratio within the smoke plume could be as much as 20–250 % higher than the mixing ratio within the ambient, non-smoke environmental air. Significant intra-smoke plume variability also existed and the mixing ratio was found to be higher (lower) in more optically thick (thin) areas of the plume. This study demonstrates that a radiometer is valuable tool that can be used to remotely measure the water vapor content within smoke plumes.
Calibration methods for rotating shadowband irradiometers and optimizing the calibration duration
Authors: Jessen Wilko , Wilbert Stefan , Nouri Bijan , Geuder Norbert , Fritz Holger
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Resource assessment for concentrated solar power (CSP) needs accurate direct normal irradiance (DNI) measurements. An option for such measurement campaigns is the use of thoroughly calibrated rotating shadowband irradiometers (RSIs). Calibration of RSIs and Si-sensors is complex because of the inhomogeneous spectral response of these sensors and incorporates the use of several correction functions. One calibration for a given atmospheric condition and air mass might not be suitable under different conditions. This paper covers procedures and requirements of two calibration methods for the calibration of rotating shadowband irradiometers. The necessary duration of acquisition of test measurements is examined with regard to the site-specific conditions at Plataforma Solar de Almería (PSA) in Spain. Seven data sets of long-term test measurements were collected. For each data set, calibration results of varying durations were compared to its respective long-term result. Our findings show that seasonal changes of environmental conditions are causing small but noticeable fluctuation of calibration results. Calibration results within certain periods (i.e. November to January and April to May) show a higher likelihood of deviation. These effects can partially be attenuated by including more measurements from outside these periods. Consequently, the duration of calibrations at PSA can now be selected depending on the time of year in which measurements commence.
On the correlation of spatial wind speed and solar irradiance variability above the North Sea
Authors: Mehrens Anna Rieke , von Bremen Lueder
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Mesoscale wind fluctuations on a time scale of tens of minutes to several hours lead to high wind power fluctuations. Enhanced mesoscale wind variability emerges during cold air outbreaks and resulting cellular convection. The study investigates spatial wind and solar variability and their correlation during cellular convection. Cellular convection leads to simultaneous high solar and wind variability, but the highest solar or wind variability occurs due to other meteorological phenomena.
Efficient urban canopy parametrization for atmospheric modelling: description and application with the COSMO-CLM model (version 5.0_clm6) for a Belgian Summer
Authors: Wouters Hendrik , Demuzere Matthias , Blahak Ulrich , Fortuniak Krzysztof , Maiheu Bino , Camps Johan , Tielemans Daniël , van Lipzig Nicole P. M.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. This paper presents the Semi-empirical URban-canopY parametrization SURY, which bridges the gap between bulk urban land-surface schemes and explicit-canyon schemes. Based on detailed observational studies, modelling experiments and available parameter inventories, it offers a robust translation of urban canopy parameters containing the three-dimensional information into bulk parameters. It is extremely suitable for an intrinsic representation of canopy-dependent urban physics in existing bulk urban land-surface schemes of atmospheric models. At the same time, it delivers high efficiency in terms of computational cost for long-term climate modelling and numerical weather prediction. SURY enables versatility and consistency in choosing between the urban canopy parameters from bottom-up inventories and bulk parameters from top-down estimates. SURY is tested for Belgium at 2.8 km resolution with the COSMO-CLM model (version 5.0_clm6) that is extended with the bulk urban land-surface scheme TERRA_URB (version 2). The model reproduces very well the urban heat islands observed from in-situ urban-climate observations, satellite imagery and tower observations, which is in contrast to the original COSMO-CLM model without an urban land-surface scheme. As an application of SURY, the sensitivity of the COSMO-CLM model in terms of land-surface temperatures, air temperatures and associated urban heat islands is quantified for the urban canopy parameter ranges from the Local Climate Zones classification system. On the one hand, their city-scale effect shows that additional urban canopy information has potential for improving regional atmospheric modelling. On the other hand, the model performance and its sensitivity to the different urban canopy parameters largely depend on the temperature quantity considered. Such an ambiguity demonstrates that a multi-variable model evaluation is a requirement for improving and comparing online urban atmospheric modelling strategies.
The Land Use Model Intercomparison Project (LUMIP): Rationale and experimental design
Authors: Lawrence David M. , Hurtt George	C. , Arneth Almut , Brovkin Victor , Calvin Kate V. , Jones Andrew	D. , Jones Chris D. , Lawrence Peter J. , de Noblet-Ducoudré Nathalie , Pongratz Julia , Seneviratne Sonia I. , Shevliakova Elena
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Human land-use activities have resulted in large to the Earth surface, with resulting implications for climate. In the future, land-use activities are likely to expand and intensify further to meet growing demands for food, fiber, and energy. The Land Use Model Intercomparison Project (LUMIP) aims to further advance understanding of the impacts of land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) on climate, specifically addressing the questions: (1) What are the effects of LULCC on climate and biogeochemical cycling (past–future)? (2) What are the impacts of land management on surface fluxes of carbon, water, and energy and are there regional land-management strategies with promise to help mitigate and/or adapt to climate change? In addressing these questions, LUMIP will also address a range of more detailed science questions to get at process-level attribution, uncertainty, data requirements, and other related issues in more depth and sophistication than possible in a multi-model context to date. There will be particular focus on the separation and quantification of the effects on climate from land-use change relative to fossil fuel emissions, separation of biogeochemical from biogeophysical effects of land-use, the unique impacts of land-cover change versus land management change, modulation of land-use impact on climate by land-atmosphere coupling strength, and the extent that impacts of enhanced CO2 concentrations on plant photosynthesis are modulated by past and future land use. LUMIP involves three major sets of science activities: (1) development of an updated and expanded historical and future land-use dataset, (2) an experimental protocol for specific LUMIP experiments for CMIP6, and (3) definition of metrics and diagnostic protocols that quantify model performance, and related sensitivities, with respect to-. In this paper, we describe the LUMIP simulations that will formally be part of CMIP6. These experiments are explicitly designed to be complementary to experiments from the CMIP core, ScenarioMIP, and C4MIP. LUMIP includes a two-phase experimental design. Phase one features idealized coupled and land-only model experiments designed to advance process-level understanding of LULCC impacts on climate, as well as to quantify model sensitivity to potential land-cover and land-use change. Phase two experiments focus on quantification of the historic impact of land use and the potential for future land management decisions to aid in mitigation of climate change. This paper documents these simulations in detail, explains their rationale, outlines plans for analysis, and describes a new subgrid land-use tile data request (primary and secondary land, crops, pasture, urban). It is essential that modeling groups participating in LUMIP adhere to the experimental design as closely as possible.
Experimental and diagnostic protocol for the physical component of the CMIP6 Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (OMIP)
Authors: Griffies Stephen M. , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Durack Paul J. , Adcroft Alistair J. , Balaji V. , Böning Claus W. , Chassignet Eric P. , Curchitser Enrique , Deshayes Julie , Drange Helge , Fox-Kemper Baylor , Gleckler Peter J. , Gregory Jonathan M. , Haak Helmuth , Hallberg Robert W. , Hewitt Helene T. , Holland David M. , Ilyina Tatiana , Jungclaus Johann H. , Komuro Yoshiki , Krasting John P. , Large William G. , Marsland Simon J. , Masina Simona , McDougall Trevor J. , Nurser A. J. George , Orr James C. , Pirani Anna , Qiao Fangli , Stouffer Ronald J. , Taylor Karl E. , Treguier Anne Marie , Tsujino Hiroyuki , Uotila Petteri , Valdivieso Maria , Winton Michael , Yeager Stephen G.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (OMIP) aims to provide a framework for evaluating, understanding, and improving the ocean and sea-ice components of global climate and earth system models contributing to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). OMIP addresses these aims in two complementary manners: (A) by providing an experimental protocol for global ocean/sea-ice models run with a prescribed atmospheric forcing, (B) by providing a protocol for ocean diagnostics to be saved as part of CMIP6. We focus here on the physical component of OMIP, with a companion paper (Orr et al., 2016) offering details for the inert chemistry and interactive biogeochemistry. The physical portion of the OMIP experimental protocol follows that of the interannual Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments (CORE-II). Since 2009, CORE-I (Normal Year Forcing) and CORE-II have become the standard method to evaluate global ocean/sea-ice simulations and to examine mechanisms for forced ocean climate variability. The OMIP diagnostic protocol is relevant for any ocean model component of CMIP6, including the DECK (Diagnostic, Evaluation and Characterization of Klima experiments), historical simulations, FAFMIP (Flux Anomaly Forced MIP), C4MIP (Coupled Carbon Cycle Climate MIP), DAMIP (Detection and Attribution MIP), DCPP (Decadal Climate Prediction Project), ScenarioMIP (Scenario MIP), as well as the ocean-sea ice OMIP simulations. The bulk of this paper offers scientific rationale for saving these diagnostics.