bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Limbal stromal cells derived from porcine tissue demonstrate mesenchymal characteristics in vitro
Authors: Fernández-Pérez Julia , Binner Marcus , Werner Carsten , Bray Laura J.
Published: July 2017

Limbal stromal cells (LSCs) from the human ocular surface display mesenchymal stromal cell characteristics in vitro. In this study, we isolated cells from the porcine limbal stroma (pLSCs), characterised them, and evaluated their ability to support angiogenesis and the culture of porcine limbal epithelial stem cells (pLESCs). The isolated cells adhered to plastic and grew in monolayers in vitro using serum-supplemented or serum-free medium. The pLSCs demonstrated expression of CD29, and cross-reactivity with anti-human CD45, CD90, CD105, CD146, and HLA-ABC. However, expression of CD105, CD146 and HLA-ABC reduced when cultured in serum-free medium. PLSCs did not undergo adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation, but differentiated towards the chondrogenic lineage. Isolated cells were also co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in star-shaped Poly(ethylene glycol) (starPEG)-heparin hydrogels to assess their pericyte capacity which supported angiogenesis networks of HUVECs. PLSCs supported the three dimensional HUVEC network for 7 days. The isolated cells were further growth-arrested and evaluated as feeder cells for pLESC expansion on silk fibroin membranes, as a potential carrier material for transplantation. PLSCs supported the growth of pLESCs comparably to murine 3T3 cells. In conclusion, although pLSCs were not completely comparable to their human counterpart, they display several mesenchymal-like characteristics in vitro.
Realisation of topological zero-energy mode in bilayer graphene in zero magnetic field
Authors: Lee Janghee , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Lee Hu-Jong
Published: July 2017

Bilayer graphene (BLG) gapped by a vertical electric field represents a valley-symmetry-protected topological insulating state. Emergence of a new topological zero-energy mode has been proposed in BLG at a boundary between regions of inverted band gaps induced by two oppositely polarized vertical electric fields. However, its realisation has been challenged by the enormous difficulty in arranging two pairs of accurately aligned split gates on the top and bottom surfaces of clean BLG. Here we report realisation of the topological zero-energy mode in ballistic BLG, with zero-bias differential conductance close to the ideal value of 4 e2/h (e is the electron charge and h is Planck’s constant) along a boundary channel between a pair of gate-defined inverted band gaps. This constitutes the bona fide electrical-gate-tuned generation of a valley-symmetry-protected topological boundary conducting channel in BLG in zero magnetic field, which is essential to valleytronics applications of BLG.
Fast switching cholesteric liquid crystal optical beam deflector with polarization independence
Authors: Shang Xiaobing , Meeus Laurens , Cuypers Dieter , De Smet Herbert
Published: July 2017

Optical beam deflectors based on the combination of cholesteric liquid crystals and polymer micro gratings are reported. Dual frequency cholesteric liquid crystal (DFCh-LC) is adopted to accelerate the switching from the homeotropic state back to the planar state. Polarization independent beam steering components are realized whose transmission versus the polarizing angle only varies 4.4% and 2.6% for the planar state and the homeotropic state, respectively. A response time of 451 ms is achieved for DFCh-LC-grating beam deflectors, which is fast compared to other nematic LC beam steerers with similar LC thickness.
Platelet behaviour on von Willebrand Factor changes in pregnancy: Consequences of haemodilution and intrinsic changes in platelet function
Authors: Cowman Jonathan , Müllers Sieglinde , Dunne Eimear , Ralph Adam , Ricco Antonio J. , Malone Fergal. D. , Kenny Dermot
Published: July 2017

Platelet function in pregnancy is poorly understood. Previous studies of platelet function in pregnancy have used non-physiological assays of platelet function with conflicting results. This study using a physiological assay of platelet function investigated platelet interactions with von Willebrand Factor (VWF) in blood from healthy pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant controls. Blood samples (200 µl) from third-trimester pregnancies (n = 21) and non-pregnant controls (n = 21) were perfused through custom-made parallel-plate flow chambers coated with VWF under arterial shear (1,500 s−1). Multi-parameter measurements of platelet interactions with the immobilized VWF surface were recorded by digital-image microscopy and analysed using custom-designed platelet-tracking software. Platelet interactions with VWF decreased in healthy third-trimester pregnant participants relative to controls. This effect is most likely due to haemodilution which occurs physiologically during pregnancy. Interestingly, platelets in blood from pregnant participants translocated more slowly on VWF under arterial-shear conditions. These decreases in platelet translocation speed were independent of haemodilution, suggesting intrinsic changes in platelet function with pregnancy.
Sub-national mapping of population pyramids and dependency ratios in Africa and Asia
Authors: Pezzulo Carla , Hornby Graeme M. , Sorichetta Alessandro , Gaughan Andrea E. , Linard Catherine , Bird Tomas J. , Kerr David , Lloyd Christopher T. , Tatem Andrew J.
Published: July 2017

The age group composition of populations varies substantially across continents and within countries, and is linked to levels of development, health status and poverty. The subnational variability in the shape of the population pyramid as well as the respective dependency ratio are reflective of the different levels of development of a country and are drivers for a country’s economic prospects and health burdens. Whether measured as the ratio between those of working age and those young and old who are dependent upon them, or through separate young and old-age metrics, dependency ratios are often highly heterogeneous between and within countries. Assessments of subnational dependency ratio and age structure patterns have been undertaken for specific countries and across high income regions, but to a lesser extent across the low income regions. In the framework of the WorldPop Project, through the assembly of over 100 million records across 6,389 subnational administrative units, subnational dependency ratio and high resolution gridded age/sex group datasets were produced for 87 countries in Africa and Asia.
The seeded-synthesis of core–shell Au dumbbells with inbuilt Raman molecules and their SERS performance
Authors: Jiang Tao , Wang Xiaolong , Tang Jing , Zhou Jun , Gu Chenjie , Tang Shiwei
Published: July 2017

Core-shell Au dumbbells with inbuilt Raman molecules were synthesized by a seeded reduction method using core–shell Au nanorod (NR)@PSPAA nanoparticles as the seed.
Recent advances in the field of selective epoxidation of vegetable oils and their derivatives: a review and perspective
Authors: Danov S. M. , Kazantsev O. A. , Esipovich A. L. , Belousov A. S. , Rogozhin A. E. , Kanakov E. A.
Published: July 2017

The present critical review reports the recent progress of the last 15 years in the selective epoxidation of vegetable oils and their derivatives, in particular unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs).
Active Pd(ii) complexes: enhancing catalytic activity by ligand effect for carbonylation of methyl nitrite to dimethyl carbonate
Authors: Tan Hong-Zi , Wang Zhi-Qiao , Xu Zhong-Ning , Sun Jing , Chen Zhe-Ning , Chen Qing-Song , Chen Yumin , Guo Guo-Cong
Published: July 2017

The catalytic activities of Pd(ii) complexes for carbonylation of methyl nitrite to dimethyl carbonate could be enhanced by ligand effect.
Light-driven micro- and nanomotors for environmental remediation
Authors: Safdar M. , Simmchen J. , Jänis J.
Published: July 2017

Synthetic micro- and nanomotors (MNMs) have emerged as a vibrant research field in multidisciplinary nanotechnology with proof-of-concept applications in various disciplines.
Environmental impact and potential health risks of 2D nanomaterials
Authors: Fojtů Michaela , Teo Wei Zhe , Pumera Martin
Published: July 2017

The prospective intensive utilization of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and black phosphorus, increased the requirements for thorough comprehension of their potential impact on the environment and health.
Influence of nitrogen limitation on the bioaccumulation kinetics of hematite nanoparticles in the freshwater alga Euglena intermedia
Authors: Huang Bin , Miao Ai-Jun , Xiao Lin , Yang Liu-Yan
Published: July 2017

Although the toxic effects of nanoparticles on aquatic organisms have been intensively investigated, less is known about the bioaccumulation kinetics of the particles as an indicator of toxicity.
Tetrahydrocurcumin is more effective than curcumin in inducing the apoptosis of H22 cells via regulation of a mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in ascites tumor-bearing mice
Authors: Liu Weihai , Zhang Zhenbiao , Lin Guosheng , Luo Dandan , Chen Hanbin , Yang Hongmei , Liang Jiali , Liu Yuhong , Xie Jianhui , Su Ziren , Cao Hongying
Published: July 2017

Curcumin (CUR), a widely used food additive, is derived mainly fromCurcumaspecies that has been applied traditionally for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
InDrops and Drop-seq technologies for single-cell sequencing
Authors: Klein Allon M. , Macosko Evan
Published: July 2017

Droplet-based single-cell sequencing pioneers Allon Klein and Evan Macosko summarise the growth of the technology and look ahead to future developments.
Two intensified fluorescence colors’ switching achieved by branched dye nanoaggregates
Authors: Ding Ge , Lu Yao , Su Jihong , Qin Xiaozhuan , Luo Ziping , Gao Fang , Chen Lingyun , Li Hongru
Published: July 2017

Some branched organic dyes could form nanoaggregates which displayed switching between enhanced fluorescence colors under an UV-lamp observed with our naked eyes.
Particle size affects the cytosolic delivery of membranotropic peptide-functionalized platinum nanozymes
Authors: Guarnieri Daniela , Melone Pietro , Moglianetti Mauro , Marotta Roberto , Netti Paolo A. , Pompa Pier Paolo
Published: July 2017

The ability of the gH625 membranotropic peptide to deliver platinum nanoparticles free in the cytosol strongly depends on their size and agglomeration state.
A systematic study of triangular silver nanoplates: one-pot green synthesis, chemical stability, and sensing application
Authors: Wijaya Yosia Nico , Kim Jinwoo , Choi Won Mook , Park Sung Hwan , Kim Mun Ho
Published: July 2017

The chemical stability of triangular Ag nanoplates was investigated, and new colorimetric sensing system was proposed based on a change in the shape of the Ag nanoplates.
Native defects and substitutional impurities in two-dimensional monolayer InSe
Authors: Wang Dan , Li Xian-Bin , Sun Hong-Bo
Published: July 2017

The electronic properties of native and substitutional defects in monolayer InSe, including formation energies and ionization energies are explored systematically. Also, the possible doping strategy for conductivity is proposed.
Very high temperature tiling of tetraphenylporphyrin on rutile TiO2(110)
Authors: Lovat Giacomo , Forrer Daniel , Abadia Mikel , Dominguez Marcos , Casarin Maurizio , Rogero Celia , Vittadini Andrea , Floreano Luca
Published: July 2017

Self-metalated titanium(iv)-porphyrins with monolayer coverage on TiO2(110) remain anchored atop the Obr rows across a cyclo-dehydrogenation reaction up to 450 °C.
Anti-protein and anti-bacterial behavior of amphiphilic silicones
Authors: Hawkins Melissa L. , Schott Samantha S. , Grigoryan Bagrat , Rufin Marc A. , Ngo Bryan Khai D. , Vanderwal Lyndsi , Stafslien Shane J. , Grunlan Melissa A.
Published: July 2017

Silicones bulk-modified with various PEO-silane amphiphiles were demonstrated to be resistant to plasma proteins, several bacteria, and a fungus.
QDs decorated with thiol-monomer ligands as new multicrosslinkers for the synthesis of smart luminescent nanogels and hydrogels
Authors: Liras M. , Quijada-Garrido I. , García O.
Published: July 2017

QDs decorated with thiol-monomer ligands as new multicrosslinkers for the synthesis of smart (photoluminescent and pH/temperature sensitive) nanogels and hydrogels.
A redox responsive controlled release system using mesoporous silica nanoparticles capped with Au nanoparticles
Authors: Qu Hongnan , Yang Liangrong , Yu Jiemiao , Dong Tingting , Rong Meng , Zhang Jianfeng , Xing Huifang , Wang Li , Pan Feng , Liu Huizhou
Published: July 2017

A redox responsive controlled and sustained release system based on the host–guest interaction between ferrocene and β-cyclodextrin was developed.
Assessing the interaction between surfactant-like peptides and lipid membranes
Authors: Malaspina Thaciana , Colherinhas Guilherme , de Oliveira Outi Felipe , Fileti Eudes E.
Published: July 2017

Positively charged AnK peptides have a higher preference for interacting with the DPPG membrane than remaining hydrated in bulk water.
Improved osseointegrating functionality of cell sheets on anatase TiO2 nanoparticle surfaces
Authors: Wang Ying , Jiang Zhiwei , Yu Ke , Feng Yuting , Xi Yue , Lai Kaichen , Huang Tingben , Wang Huiming , Yang Guoli
Published: July 2017

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets (BMSC sheets) have been reported as a powerful tool for bioengineering applications in accelerating osseointegration.
Higher order structures involving post transcriptionally modified nucleobases in RNA
Authors: S. P. Preethi , Sharma Purshotam , Mitra Abhijit
Published: July 2017

Quantum chemical studies are carried out to understand the structures and stabilities of higher order structures involving post-transcriptionally modified nucleobases in RNA.
Graphene oxide–metal nanocomposites for cancer biomarker detection
Authors: Ali Md. Azahar , Singh Chandan , Srivastava Saurabh , Admane Prasad , Agrawal Ved V. , Sumana Gajjala , John Renu , Panda Amulya , Dong Liang , Malhotra Bansi D.
Published: July 2017

We report a universal protocol for the in situ bioinspired green synthesis of metal nanoparticles on simultaneously reduced graphene oxide sheets using a black pepper extract for quantification of breast cancer biomarker.
Fabrication of AgBr/boron-doped reduced graphene oxide aerogels for photocatalytic removal of Cr(vi) in water
Authors: Huang Yiqiao , Zhu Chengling , Pan Hui , Xu Da , Lu Tao , Mao Lin , Meng Xin , Chen Zhixin , Zhang Di , Zhu Shenmin
Published: July 2017

AgBr nanoparticles on boron-doped reduced graphene oxide aerogels (AgBr/B-RGO) are synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method, showing a superior performance in the photoreduction of toxic hexavalent chromium in aqueous media under visible light.
Directional bouncing of droplets on oblique two-tier conical structures
Authors: Li Dan , Feng Shile , Xing Yan , Deng Siyan , Zhou Hu , Zheng Yongmei
Published: July 2017

The directional bouncing of droplets occurs on oblique two-tier conical structures, and the horizontal displacement is related to the oblique angle.
Effect of BCP buffer layer on eliminating charge accumulation for high performance of inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Chen Chuanliang , Zhang Shasha , Wu Shaohang , Zhang Wenjun , Zhu Hongmei , Xiong Zhenzhong , Zhang Yanjun , Chen Wei
Published: July 2017

A power conversion efficiency of 17.9% has been obtained for the device with a critical BCP thickness of 5 nm. While if the BCP layer is too thin or too thick, charge accumulation will emerge and lead to device performance degradation.
Syntheses, crystal structures and catalytic activities of two solvent-induced homotrinuclear Co(ii) complexes with a naphthalenediol-based bis(Salamo)-type tetraoxime ligand
Authors: Li Xiao-Yan , Chen Le , Gao Lei , Zhang Yang , Akogun Sunday Folaranmi , Dong Wen-Kui
Published: July 2017

Two homotrinuclear cobalt(ii) complexes with different solvent molecules that coordinate to the central Co(ii) ion, show different supramolecular interactions and exhibit catalytic activities in relation to catechol oxidase.
Evolution analysis of V2O5·nH2O gels for preparation of xerogels having a high specific surface area and their replicas
Authors: Ishii Kanji , Kimura Yuki , Yamazaki Tomoya , Oaki Yuya , Imai Hiroaki
Published: July 2017

V2O5·nH2O gel skeletons comprised of nanofibers were formed through thin fibrils from ultrathin films.
Tuning SpyTag–SpyCatcher mutant pairs toward orthogonal reactivity encryption
Authors: Liu Yajie , Liu Dong , Yang Wei , Wu Xia-Ling , Lai Luhua , Zhang Wen-Bin
Published: July 2017

Distinct chemical reactivity, in addition to other valuable features, can be encrypted within protein sequences that differ by only three mutations.
The influence of the local structure on proton transport in a solid oxide proton conductor La0.8Ba1.2GaO3.9
Authors: Cheng Yongqiang , Balachandran Janakiraman , Bi Zhonghe , Bridges Craig A. , Paranthaman Mariappan Parans , Daemen Luke L. , Ganesh P. , Jalarvo Niina
Published: July 2017

The local structure around the mobile ions influences their dynamics.
The tunable effect of nitrogen and boron dopants on a single walled carbon nanotube support on the catalytic properties of a single gold atom catalyst: a first principles study of CO oxidation
Authors: Ali Sajjad , Liu Tianfu , Lian Zan , Li Bo , Su Dang Sheng
Published: July 2017

Doping of supports is a practical strategy to tune the catalytic performance of a single Au atom in CO oxidation.
Smart papers comprising carbon nanotubes and cellulose microfibers for multifunctional sensing applications
Authors: Dichiara A. B. , Song A. , Goodman S. M. , He D. , Bai J.
Published: July 2017

Multifunctional carbon nanotube–cellulose microfiber papers applied as highly sensitive detectors for tensile strain and water.
Graphene oxide induced hydrothermal carbonization of egg proteins for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Ma Hongyun , Li Chun , Zhang Miao , Hong Jong-Dal , Shi Gaoquan
Published: July 2017

With the assistance of graphene oxide sheets, egg proteins were hydrothermally carbonized and further activated using KOH to form a heteroatom-doped highly porous carbon material for high-performance supercapacitors.
Hierarchical CoMoO4@Co3O4 nanocomposites on an ordered macro-porous electrode plate as a multi-dimensional electrode in high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Li Mai , Wang Yuanhao , Yang Hongxing , Chu Paul K.
Published: July 2017

Hydrothermal synthesis of CoMoO4@Co3O4 nanocomposites on an OMEP as a multidimensional electrode, and its use in a CoMoO4@Co3O4/OMEP//AC supercapacitor, which delivered large power and stable cycling.
Bioactive glasses in wound healing: hope or hype?
Authors: Naseri Shiva , Lepry William C. , Nazhat Showan N.
Published: July 2017

Bioactive glasses have long been investigated in mineralized tissue regeneration, but recently their potential applications in soft tissue repair, and in particular wound healing, have demonstrated great promise.
pH-Responsive unimolecular micelles based on amphiphilic star-like copolymers with high drug loading for effective drug delivery and cellular imaging
Authors: Shi Xiaoxiao , Ma Xiaoqian , Hou Meili , Gao Yong-E , Bai Shuang , Xiao Bo , Xue Peng , Kang Yuejun , Xu Zhigang , Li Chang Ming
Published: July 2017

A theranostic nanoplatform based on pH-responsive amphiphilic star-like copolymers for theranostic and NIR imaging applications.
Eight-armed polydiacetylene under benzoxazine dimer branched polylactide: a structural combination for reversible thermochromic effects and a model case for free-standing poly(lactic acid) films
Authors: Sutapin C. , Mantaranon N. , Chirachanchai S.
Published: July 2017

The present work declares for the first time, the favorable conditions that bring a reversible thermochromic free-standing PLA film.
Tuning electronic structures of Sc2CO2/MoS2 polar–nonpolar van der Waals heterojunctions: interplay of internal and external electric fields
Authors: Li Longhua , Shi Weidong
Published: July 2017

The interplay of internal and external electric fields provides an effective way to modulate the electronic properties of van der Waals heterojunctions.
Enhanced UV-light stability of organometal halide perovskite solar cells with interface modification and a UV absorption layer
Authors: Sun Yue , Fang Xiang , Ma Zhijie , Xu Linjun , Lu Yongting , Yu Qiang , Yuan Ningyi , Ding Jiangning
Published: July 2017

Perovskite solar cells with improved UV-stability have been achieved via introducing silane coupling agents onto the surface of c-TiO2 and coating an optimal concentration of UV absorber, UV-234.
Brain‐controlled wheelchair controlled by sustained and brief motor imagery BCIs
Authors: Wang Hongtao , Bezerianos Anastasios
Published: July 2017

A novel wireless dry EEG brain‐controlled wheelchair with five steering behaviours is devised, which is based on two‐stage control strategies combining sustained and brief motor imagery brain–computer interfaces (SB‐MI‐BCIs). Compared with the existing single modal brain–computer interface (S‐BCI) controlled wheelchair, this new wheelchair has achieved more control commands and higher information transfer rate. Compared with their previous hybrid BCIs controlled wheelchair, subjects can control the wheelchair spontaneously and efficiently just by imagining the left hand, the right hand or both hands without any other visual attentions (e.g. P300 or SSVEP). The experimental results demonstrate that the SB‐MI‐BCIs can efficiently provide multiple independent control signals for wheelchair navigation.
Novel compact ultra‐wideband bandpass filter based on vialess vertical CPW/microstrip transitions
Authors: Guo Zhenyu , Yang Tao
Published: July 2017

A novel compact ultra‐wideband (UWB) bandpass filter based on vialess vertical coplanar waveguide (CPW)/microstrip transitions is proposed, designed, fabricated and measured. The represented filter consists of two back‐to‐back hybrid microstrip/slotline transitions derived from the microstrip to CPW. Due to this coupling configuration, a smooth UWB passband response with an insertion loss <0.85 dB is achieved. Moreover, two transmission zeros at lower and upper passband edges are introduced to provide sharp selectivity. For verification, a prototype is fabricated and measured. The simulated results are in good agreement with the measured one.
Image fusion based on multi‐scale transform and sparse representation: an image energy approach
Authors: Fakhari Fatemeh , Mosavi Mohammad.R. , Lajvardi Mehdi.M.
Published: July 2017

Image fusion is a process to enhance the human perception of different images from the same scene. Nowadays, two popular methods in the signal/image fusion, namely, multi‐scale transform (MST) and sparse representation (SR) are being used. This study uses an image energy approach to enhance a fusion rule based on the combination of MST and SR methods. Each source image is first decomposed to its sub‐bands using the selected MST method. Then, SR is applied to the low‐pass band and maximum absolute (max‐abs) rule merges the high‐pass bands. The activity level of the sparse coefficients is measured based on the energy differences of the source images. When the gap energy is high enough, a coefficient with maximum L2‐norm is selected; otherwise, maximum L1‐norm is considered. Finally, by applying inverse MST to the attained bands, the fused image is reconstructed. The popular MSTs, such as discrete wavelet transform, dual‐tree complex wavelet transform and non‐sub‐sampled contourlet are used. The experiments are carried out on several standard and real‐life images. The measurement results confirm that the proposed method has enhanced the contrast, clarity and visual information of the fused results.
Public bus commuter assistance through the named entity recognition of twitter feeds and intelligent route finding
Authors: Mahmood Tariq , Mujtaba Ghulam , Shuib Liyana , Zulfiqar Ali Nikkishah , Bawa Amir , Karim Saima
Published: July 2017

Karachi (Pakistan) has recently been subject to violent incidents targeted primarily at civilians. These incidents are problematic for commuters who use the public bus system and who often fail to reach their work organisations due to consequent bus strikes. This series of events leads to considerable financial losses for the transport industry. This study proposes and implements safe and fast around the road (SAFAR) which is an intelligent transport Android application developed in collaboration with the local transport authority of Karachi. SAFAR provides run‐time information to bus commuters regarding recent violent activities farther up from the current location of the commuters on their route. SAFAR employs live Twitter feeds to classify the manner, location, and casualty information of the violence. The authors investigate SAFAR's performance offline with three named entity recognition (NER) approaches, namely, supervised, dictionary‐based, and integrated (hybrid), and show that the integrated approach has the best performance with a precision of 85%. Furthermore, SAFAR recommends alternate routes to commuters if violence is detected farther up through the A‐star (A*) algorithm. An online evaluation of SAFAR with 50 real users gave a precision of ∼85% to identify violence locations. Finally, a subjective evaluation showed that SAFAR's performance is satisfactory.
Analysis and control of battery‐integrated dc/dc converters for renewable energy applications
Authors: Deihimi Ali , Mahmoodieh Mir Esmaeel Seyed
Published: July 2017

In this study, conventional dc/dc converters are integrated with a battery for renewable energy applications. The proposed battery‐integrated dc/dc converters (BICs) can be compact size because these converters comprise just two switches and two diodes. Smaller size and desirable efficiency of the proposed BICs make it possible to use BICs in grid‐connected (on‐grid) distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed BICs provide constant output power (less fluctuation) in different irradiance levels in distributed PV systems resulting in a constant output voltage at the connection point of BICs to the DC link. Besides extracting maximum power from the renewable source, output voltage is properly regulated on reference voltage in the proposed BICs. Depending on the utilisation states of the battery in grid‐connected distributed PV systems, the operation of BICs is described in three scenarios. A linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control is applied to regulate output voltage and power of renewable source on references for three scenarios. Finally, the performance of the proposed BICs with LQR controller is verified by simulation (in PSCAD) and experimental results.
ÖVKT-Tagung 2017 – 26. bis 29. September: Digitalisierung – was geht?
Authors: Thalmayr Maria
Published: July 2017

Die Digitalisierung wird das Krankenhaus in vielerlei Hinsicht revolutionieren. Doch nicht alles, was in der Industrie oder im privaten Umfeld Arbeiten und Leben vereinfacht, sei auf das Krankenhaus übertragbar, betont ÖVKT-Präsident Martin Krammer. Chancen für das digitale Krankenhaus und Grenzen des Machbaren auszuloten, ist Ziel der diesjährigen ÖVKT-Tagung.
Role of Anterolateral Thigh Flaps in Distal Lower Extremity Reconstruction: Assessment of Functionality, Aesthetics, and Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Trostler Michael , Shih Johnathan , Klein Gabriel , Dagum Alexander , Bui Duc , Gelfand Mark
Published: July 2017

Background Distal lower extremity reconstruction presents many challenges due to the suboptimal vascular supply, the weight-bearing necessity, movement, and multiple tissue types that can be easily damaged by trauma, from bones, tendons, ligaments, muscle, and soft tissue loss. The anterolateral thigh flap provides a reconstructive option for large defects with good coverage and minimal donor-site morbidity.

Methods After a chart review of all anterolateral thigh flaps, the patients were contacted to take a survey regarding their satisfaction and functional ability and to meet for measurements of their feet after debulking procedures.

Results A total of 13 patients were included in the study, with traumatic injuries comprising 84% of cases. There was a significant difference in sizes of the midfoot (mean: 10.27 vs. 9.53, p = 0.004) and the hindfoot (mean: 12.92 vs. 12.2, p = 0.023) when comparing the affected side to the unaffected side. The majority, 77%, of our patients underwent debulking procedures. Overall, 75% of traumatic injury patients had > 90% maximum functionality score. All posttraumatic reconstruction results were rated satisfied to very satisfied by the patients. All posttraumatic patients were able to walk after their procedures, although three patients did require custom-made shoes with inserts or braces.

Conclusion The anterolateral thigh flap is a versatile reconstructive option that can be used in the distal lower extremity and is especially useful after a traumatic injury as it allows for functional recovery and high patient satisfaction after debulking.
Pain Control in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Elmallah Randa , Chughtai Morad , Khlopas Anton , Newman Jared , Stearns Kim , Roche Martin , Kelly Michael , Harwin Steven , Mont Michael
Published: July 2017

As surgical techniques and pharmacology advance, the management of postoperative pain in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) continues to evolve. The current standards of care are composed of multimodal pain management including opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and gabapentinoids, peripheral nerve blocks, and periarticular injections. Newer modalities are composed of delayed release local anesthetics and cryoneurolysis. To summarize the current evidence-based treatment modalities and forecast changes in the management of patients having TKAs, we reviewed available data on: (1) oral analgesics; (2) periarticular injections; (3) peripheral nerve blocks; (4) multimodal regimens; and (5) newer modalities in post-TKA pain management. Multimodal analgesic regimens that target numerous pain pathways may provide the best pain management, rehabilitation, patient satisfaction, and reduce opioid use and related side effects. Periarticular injections of delayed-release local anesthetics may further enhance pain management.
Advanced Techniques and Applications in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Pediatric Patients
Authors: Tamrazi Benita
Published: July 2017

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive tool that is often used in conjunction with conventional MR imaging to acquire information regarding the biochemistry of tissue. In pediatric patients, the traditional clinical application of MRS was in the preoperative diagnostic workup of brain tumors. In recent years with the boom of molecular testing, MRS application for tumor evaluation is becoming more advanced, now potentially serving as a biomarker for molecular subgroup classification. This article will review MRS techniques as well as clinical applications, both conventional and more advanced applications in the pediatric population including tumor assessment, hypoxic-ischemic injury, abusive head injury, and autism.
Imaging of Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis in Children
Authors: Kara Simay , Choudhary Gagandeep , Udayasankar Unni
Published: July 2017

Although central nervous system infections in children are rare, when suspected, urgent diagnosis and treatment are mandated to prevent morbidity and mortality. Inflammation of the meninges alone is termed meningitis; associated involvement of the underlying brain leads to meningoencephalitis. CSF analysis remains the gold standard in identifying the infectious agent. Imaging plays a vital role not only in supporting the diagnosis of meningitis or meningoencephalitis but also in identifying potential complications, monitoring treatment response, and follow-up. The pattern of meningeal and brain involvement can vary depending on the infectious agent; cerebral convexity meninges is commonly involved in acute bacterial infection, basilar meninges in tuberculosis, and meningoencephalitis in viral infection. In this article, we review the characteristic imaging appearances of common bacterial, mycobacterial and viral agents, role of newer imaging technique, and list potential complications.
Comparison of Hand Hygiene Attitudes and Hand Swab Cultures in the Mothers of Children with Heart Disease Before and After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Karaağaç Aysu
Published: July 2017

Nosocomial infections (NI) carry high risk of morbidity and mortality especially for children undergoing surgeries. Hand hygiene (HH) is the most effective and economic measure of NI control. This study was designed to compare the HH practices (HHPs), maternal anxiety scores (MASs), and hand swab cultures (HSCs) in the mothers of children with heart disease before and after cardiovascular surgery (CVS) to determine the factors that raised maternal HH sensitivity for prevention of NI. This prospective study included 120 mothers (age: 20–45 years; mean: 31.6 ± 5.6 years), whose children underwent CVS in the Kartal Koşuyolu Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences between November 2016 and February 2017. HHP of each mother was assessed by a questionnaire, 10 questions in two parts and HH score (HHS) was acquired. Then, HSC was obtained. Beck anxiety inventory was applied to determine MAS. The relations among demographic characteristics, MAS, HSC results, and pre-/postoperative HHS of the mothers were compared statistically. There was a significant increase in the HHS of the mothers in the postoperative period. Cronbach's a coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.84. Maternal HHS was significantly correlated with maternal age (p = 0.001), education (p = 0.002), and MAS (p = 0.001), but not with the income (p = 0.2). Moreover, one mother in the postoperative period (0.8%) versus five mothers in the preoperative (4.2%) had positive HSC. High education level, advanced age, and severe anxiety experienced by the mothers in their children's perioperative period were found to be the main factors that have raised maternal HHS, thereby resulting in better HSC results.
Erfolgreich zurück zum Eishockey nach glenohumeralem
Knorpelschaden – ein Fallbeispiel
Authors: Steinhoff Bernd , Keller Matthias
Published: July 2017

Tim (19 Jahre) spielt Eishockey und verletzt sich bei einem Bodycheck an der
Schulter. Drei Jahre später unterzieht er sich einer arthroskopischen
Mikrofrakturierung, da der Knorpel durch das Trauma geschädigt wurde. Nach der
Operation planen die Therapeuten sorgfältig und strukturiert Tims Weg zurück in
den Sport mithilfe des Return to Activity Algorithmus für die obere Extremität.
Tim kommt so zwar später wieder aufs Eis als ursprünglich geplant, dafür aber
sicher und äußerst erfolgreich.
Kardiologische Diagnostik bei asymptomatischen Patienten mit Diabetes
Authors: Willecke Florian , Zirlik Andreas
Published: July 2017

Der Diabetes mellitus ist mit einem erhöhten Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Erkankungen assoziiert. Die aktuellen Leitlinien der European Society of Cardiology (ESC) und der American Heart Association (AHA) sprechen sich gegen ein Routinescreening aller Diabetiker aus und empfehlen stattdessen abhängig von weiteren Risikofaktoren ein differenziertes Vorgehen. Hierbei können Biomarker, Kardio-CT, Stressbildgebung und Risikorechner helfen, jedoch hat bisher keines dieser Untersuchungen beim asymptomatischen Diabetiker in Studien eine Überlegenheit zeigt.
Integration of antiferromagnetic Heusler compound Ru2MnGe into spintronic devices
Authors: Balluff Jan , Huminiuc Teodor , Meinert Markus , Hirohata Atsufumi , Reiss Günter
Published: July 2017

We report on the integration of an antiferromagnetic Heusler compound acting as a pinning layer into magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJs). The antiferromagnet Ru2MnGe is used to pin the magnetization direction of a ferromagnetic Fe layer in MgO based thin film tunneling magnetoresistance stacks. The samples were prepared using magnetron co-sputtering. We investigate the structural properties by X-ray diffraction and reflection, as well as atomic force and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. We find an excellent crystal growth quality with a low interface roughnesses of 1–3 Å, which is crucial for the preparation of working tunneling barriers. Using Fe as a ferromagnetic electrode material, we prepared magnetic tunneling junctions and measured the magnetoresistance. We find a sizeable maximum magnetoresistance value of 135%, which is comparable to other common Fe based MTJ systems.
Towards shot-noise limited diffraction experiments with table-top femtosecond hard x-ray sources
Authors: Holtz Marcel , Hauf Christoph , Weisshaupt Jannick , Salvador Antonio-Andres Hernandez , Woerner Michael , Elsaesser Thomas
Published: July 2017

Table-top laser-driven hard x-ray sources with kilohertz repetition rates are an attractive alternative to large-scale accelerator-based systems and have found widespread applications in x-ray studies of ultrafast structural dynamics. Hard x-ray pulses of 100 fs duration have been generated at the Cu Kα wavelength with a photon flux of up to 109 photons per pulse into the full solid angle, perfectly synchronized to the sub-100-fs optical pulses from the driving laser system. Based on spontaneous x-ray emission, such sources display a particular noise behavior which impacts the sensitivity of x-ray diffraction experiments. We present a detailed analysis of the photon statistics and temporal fluctuations of the x-ray flux, together with experimental strategies to optimize the sensitivity of optical pump/x-ray probe experiments. We demonstrate measurements close to the shot-noise limit of the x-ray source.
Ultrafast imprinting of topologically protected magnetic textures via pulsed electrons
Authors: Schäffer A. F. , Dürr H. A. , Berakdar J.
Published: July 2017

Short electron pulses are demonstrated to trigger and control magnetic excitations, even at low electron current densities. We show that the tangential magnetic field surrounding a picosecond electron pulse can imprint topologically protected magnetic textures such as skyrmions in a sample with a residual Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya spin-orbital coupling. Characteristics of the created excitations such as the topological charge can be steered via the duration and the strength of the electron pulses. The study points to a possible way for a spatiotemporally controlled generation of skyrmionic excitations.
Acoustically driven particle delivery assisted by a graded grating plate
Authors: Xia Xiangxiang , Yang Qian , Li Hengyi , Ke Manzhu , Peng Shasha , Qiu Chunyin , Liu Zhengyou
Published: July 2017

Acoustic manipulation of particles, as a non-contact and non-damage method, has attracted much interest in recent years. Here, we present a platform for sound-driven particle delivery realized on an artificially engineered metal plate with manipulated, graded acoustic field distribution. By fabricating gratings with graded height on one surface of the structured plate, we obtain graded acoustic pressure distribution near the smooth surface of the plate. The acoustic field can be tuned at different positions by regulating the operating frequency, which originates from the gratings of different heights corresponding to different resonant frequencies. Therefore, from the effect of the acoustic radiation force exerted by this gradient field, a particle will transfer on the plate just by the frequency being tuned, without moving the acoustic source. Our theoretical analysis agrees well with the experimental demonstration. This work will lead to potential applications in drug delivery and microfluidics.
Correlation between magnetostriction and magnetic structure in pseudobinary compounds Tb(Co1-xFex)2
Authors: Wang Yue , Ma Tianyu , Wu Chen , Yan Mi , Zhang Changsheng , Chen Xiping , Sun Guangai , Yang Sen , Wang Yu , Chang Tieyan , Zhou Chao , Liao Xiaoqi , Zheng Xinqi
Published: July 2017

Giant low-field magnetostriction has been achieved in pseudobinary Laves phase compounds RR’T2 (R and R’: rare earth elements; T: transition metal elements) around the ferromagnetic - ferromagnetic (ferro.-ferro.) transition temperature. Evolution of the magnetic structure across such transition requires comprehensive investigation. In this work, pseudobinary system Tb(Co1-xFex)2 is selected to investigate the evolution of local magnetic moment, for which two end terminals TbCo2 and TbFe2 possess the rhombohedral (R) structure at the ferromagnetic state but with different magnetic ordering temperatures (TC). Magnetometry measurements reveal that a composition independent ferromagnetic - ferromagnetic transition occurs at ∼100 K despite the increased Curie temperature TC with raised Fe concentration in the Tb(Co1-xFex)2. Synchrotron XRD data reveal that both the lattice parameter and the lattice strain along the <111> direction are abnormally temperature dependent, accompanied with experimentally observed magnetostriction abnormality at 100 K. In-situ neutron powder diffraction (NPD) results show that the local magnetic moments of T2 (9e site) atoms are also abnormally temperature dependent, which is larger at 100 K than that at a lower temperature 50 K. Such findings indicate close correlations between the magnetic structure and the magnetostrictive effect in the pseudobinary RT2 compounds.
Common behaviors associated with the glass transitions of water-like models
Authors: Horstmann R. , Vogel M.
Published: July 2017

We perform molecular dynamics simulations to ascertain effects of the molecular polarity on structural and dynamical properties of water-like systems, in particular, on their glassy slowdown. To systematically vary the molecular dipole moments, we scale the partial charges of the established SPC/E and TIP4P/2005 models. In broad ranges of the molecular polarity, the studied SPC/E and TIP4P/2005 descendants show a density anomaly, which can be attributed to the removal of water molecules interstitial between the first and the second neighbor shells upon cooling. While all considered modified water models behave as typical glass formers, the structural relaxation time τ heavily depends on the molecular dipole moment. This large dynamical diversity is exploited to systematically ascertain characteristic properties of glass-forming liquids. For all studied water-like systems, we observe a close relation between the activation energy E∞ describing the Arrhenius behavior of the regular liquid and the glass transition temperature Tg characterizing the supercooled liquid, explicitly, E∞/Tg≈10. Moreover, decomposing the activation energy of the structural relaxation according to E(T)=E∞+Ec(T), we show that the glassy slowdown of all modified water molecules can fully be traced back to an exponential temperature dependence of the contribution Ec(T) related to cooperative dynamics. Extrapolation of this behavior suggests a common value at the glass transition temperature, Ec(Tg)/Tg≈25. Finally, we discuss links between the structural relaxation and the vibrational displacement, as proposed in various theoretical approaches to the glass transition.
Diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations of SrFeO3 and LaFeO3
Authors: Santana Juan A. , Krogel Jaron T. , Kent Paul R. C. , Reboredo Fernando A.
Published: July 2017

The equations of state, formation energy, and migration energy barrier of the oxygen vacancy in SrFeO3 and LaFeO3 were calculated with the diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (DMC) method. Calculations were also performed with various Density Functional Theory (DFT) approximations for comparison. DMC reproduces the measured cohesive energies of these materials with errors below 0.23(5) eV and the structural properties within 1% of the experimental values. The DMC formation energies of the oxygen vacancy in SrFeO3 and LaFeO3 under oxygen-rich conditions are 1.3(1) and 6.24(7) eV, respectively. Similar calculations with semi-local DFT approximations for LaFeO3 yielded vacancy formation energies 1.5 eV lower. Comparison of charge density evaluated with DMC and DFT approximations shows that DFT tends to overdelocalize the electrons in defected SrFeO3 and LaFeO3. Calculations with DMC and local density approximation yield similar vacancy migration energy barriers, indicating that steric/electrostatic effects mainly determine migration barriers in these materials.
Comparative evaluation of transmembrane ion transport due to monopolar and bipolar nanosecond, high-intensity electroporation pulses based on full three-dimensional analyses
Authors: Hu Q. , Joshi R. P.
Published: July 2017

Electric pulse driven membrane poration finds applications in the fields of biomedical engineering and drug/gene delivery. Here we focus on nanosecond, high-intensity electroporation and probe the role of pulse shape (e.g., monopolar-vs-bipolar), multiple electrode scenarios, and serial-versus-simultaneous pulsing, based on a three-dimensional time-dependent continuum model in a systematic fashion. Our results indicate that monopolar pulsing always leads to higher and stronger cellular uptake. This prediction is in agreement with experimental reports and observations. It is also demonstrated that multi-pronged electrode configurations influence and increase the degree of cellular uptake.
Numerical simulation of convection and heat transfer in Czochralski crystal growth by multiple-relaxation-time LBM
Authors: Liu Ding , Huang Weichao , Zhang Ni
Published: July 2017

A two-dimensional axisymmetric swirling model based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) in a pseudo Cartesian coordinate system is posited to simulate Czochralski (Cz) crystal growth in this paper. Specifically, the multiple-relaxation-time LBM (MRT-LBM) combined with the finite difference method (FDM) is used to analyze the melt convection and heat transfer in the process of Cz crystal growth. An incompressible axisymmetric swirling MRT-LB D2Q9 model is applied to solve for the axial and radial velocities by inserting thermal buoyancy and rotational inertial force into the two-dimensional lattice Boltzmann equation. In addition, the melt temperature and the azimuthal velocity are solved by MRT-LB D2Q5 models, and the crystal temperature is solved by FDM. The comparison results of stream functions values of different methods demonstrate that our hybrid model can be used to simulate the fluid-thermal coupling in the axisymmetric swirling model correctly and effectively. Furthermore, numerical simulations of melt convection and heat transfer are conducted under the conditions of high Grashof (Gr) numbers, within the range of 105 ∼ 107, and different high Reynolds (Re) numbers. The experimental results show our hybrid model can obtain the exact solution of complex crystal-growth models and analyze the fluid-thermal coupling effectively under the combined action of natural convection and forced convection.