bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrategias de Aprendizaje Activas en la Enseñanza en la Asignatura de Estudios Sociales
Authors: Acosta Porras Jessica Silvana , Moyon Sani Vilma Elizabeth , Arias Vega Gabriela Yadira , Vásquez Alejandro Lorena Mariluz , Ruiz Cires Omar Alexander , Albia Vélez Betsabé Ketty , Bernal Parraga Augusto Paolo
Published: October 2024

En la enseñanza de la asignatura de estudios sociales, las estrategias de aprendizaje activas desempeñan un papel fundamental en el fomento del desarrollo de habilidades críticas y el pensamiento analítico en los estudiantes. El presente enfoque pedagógico tiene como objetivo principal la participación activa de los estudiantes en su proceso de aprendizaje. Para lograrlo, se utilizan diversas estrategias como debates, estudios de caso, proyectos colaborativos, simulaciones y la integración de recursos tecnológicos interactivos. Estas estrategias tienen como objetivo promover la construcción de significado y la aplicación práctica de los conceptos en contextos del mundo real, trascendiendo así la mera transmisión de conocimientos. Varios estudios han evidenciado que las estrategias de aprendizaje activas tienen un impacto positivo en la comprensión y retención de información de los estudiantes en el área de estudios sociales. Los estudiantes adquieren habilidades fundamentales para abordar los desafíos de la sociedad actual, como el pensamiento crítico, la resolución de problemas y la capacidad de trabajo en equipo, al participar de manera activa. El aprendizaje activo promueve una mayor motivación e interés en la materia, lo que resulta en un mejor rendimiento académico y una actitud positiva hacia el aprendizaje. No obstante, la puesta en marcha de dichas estrategias enfrenta diversos desafíos. La implementación de este enfoque pedagógico demanda una cuidadosa planificación por parte del educador, así como una modificación en la dinámica convencional del entorno educativo. Es fundamental que los educadores cuenten con la formación necesaria para promover dichas actividades, ajustarlas según el nivel de competencia de los alumnos y realizar una evaluación eficaz de los logros en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. A pesar de los obstáculos mencionados, los beneficios de implementar estrategias de aprendizaje activas en la enseñanza de estudios sociales son notorios. Estas estrategias proveen a los estudiantes con las habilidades fundamentales para convertirse en ciudadanos informados y comprometidos. En resumen, las estrategias de aprendizaje activas son una metodología efectiva en la enseñanza de estudios sociales, fomentando tanto la adquisición de conocimientos como el desarrollo completo de habilidades y competencias fundamentales. La implementación exitosa de esta estrategia educativa demanda un compromiso por parte de los docentes y las instituciones educativas. Este compromiso implica la constante adaptación y mejora de las prácticas pedagógicas en aras de favorecer el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
Effects of the Addition of Local Microorganism Bioactivators (MOLs) to Tomato Waste and EM4 on the Composite Quality of Market Waste with Coffee Waste Source
Authors: Nurhayati Radityazty Dahayu , Ali Munawar
Published: October 2024

Market waste that belongs to organic garbage, can be recycled into compost. The natural compounding process takes quite a while, so it requires bioactivators to speed up the compostage process. In addition to the EM4 bioactivator, bioactivators can be made by ourselves with tomato waste that called local microorganisms (MOL) of tomato waste. The carbon content of coffee amps is high enough that it can be used as a compound mixture material as a source of carbon. The study aims to analyze the influence of the addition of local microorganisms (MOL) of tomato waste and EM4 on the composite quality of the market waste with coffee amps as carbon sources. The composing process was done using a composer for 14 days. The study used nine units of trials with two treatments and one control with three repetitions. The entire parameters on both composts produced with the treatment have been in accordance with SNI 19-7030-2004 standards. In compounds with local microorganisms (MOL) of tomato waste, the average carbon content was 19,23%, nitrogen 1,19%, phosphorus 0,51%, potassium 0,35%, and the C/N ratio 16.26 with temperature 30.67°C and pH 6.93. Compared to the compound with the bioactive EM4, the average content of the carbon element was 18,48%, the nitrogen content was 1,15%, the phosphates 0,50%, the potassiums 0,31%, and the C/N ratio 16.16 with temperature 31°C and pH 6.97. The results show that local microorganisms (MOL) of tomato waste have potential as a substitute for EM4 bioactivators.
Relationship between Sleep Quality and Vertigo Incidence in College Students
Authors: Khairunnisah Sitti Zhaharah , Pratama Ahmad Ardhani , Ratnawati Wahida
Published: October 2024

One-third of adults are affected by poor sleep quality. Sleep problems are not only experienced by adults. Knowing the relationship between sleep quality and the incidence of vertigo is very important and urgent because of its very broad impact on health, understanding pathophysiology, clinical development, improving quality of life, as well as education and awareness in the community, especially students. In Indonesia, the prevalence of sleep disorders in adolescents is 62.9%. This study aims to determine the relationship between sleep quality and the incidence of vertigo in students. Literature review using Google Scholar, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) & Research Science found 9 journals based on inclusion & exclusion criteria. The results of the research is the relationship between sleep quality and vertigo involves a complex interaction between physiological and psychological factors. Physiological effects include disorientation and instability, motor coordination, and physiological stress responses such as cortisol. The psychological effects that can occur are anxiety, depression, decreased concentration, decreased cognitive function, and increased psychological discomfort. Lack of sleep in students makes vertigo symptoms worse.  Lack of sleep will make vertigo symptoms worse. It is best to arrange the right sleeping position so that symptoms of vertigo do not occur, because vertigo can occur even in people who have never experienced it. The conclusion is there is a relationship between sleep quality and the incidence of vertigo in students.
Key Factors of Urban Public Transportation Services Implementation in Indonesia: A Knowledge Management Perspectives
Authors: Adhitama Raihansyah Yoga , Giffari Rafi , Sensuse Dana Indra , Eitiveni Imairi , Hidayat Deden Sumirat , Indria Sofi
Published: October 2024

It is well-recognized that the availability of public transportation has a significant impact on urban transportation networks. In Indonesia, the government is still having difficulties to establish a reliable public transportation system. One important aspect that can be utilized in establishing a reliable public transportation system is to utilize knowledge management in its services. This study aims to identify key factors from knowledge management perspectives related to the implementation of public transportation services. To achieve this objective, this study conducted qualitative research on 12 users of public transportation services in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that there are several key factors related to the implementation of public transportation services from knowledge management perspectives, such as Real-Time Information, Digital Accessibility, User Engagement and Trust, Platform Functionality and Quality, Digital Inclusive Strategy, Knowledge Dissemination Method, Help Desk Reliability, and Knowledgeable Officer.
Maintenance Tasks for 20 Kv Medium-Voltage Switchgear Based on Technical Judgment Experience and Manufacturer
Authors: Soetadji Prabowo , Sutikno Tole , Fadlil Abdul
Published: October 2024

A 20 kV medium-voltage switchgear is an important equipment in the electricity system that distributes electricity generated by the 20 kV electric power generator to electricity users. Calor Emag, Merlin Gerin, Alsthom, Fuji, AEG, Schneider, Meidensha, Goldstar, Modalek, Areva, and Siemens are among the companies that make products. This study describes a method for maintaining 20 kV medium-voltage switchgear, an essential equipment in the electricity system. In less technical terms, the failure rate is high at the beginning of an asset's life, which follows the curve of the bathtub. However, the failure rate quickly declines as we identify and discard defective components and eliminate early sources of potential failures, such as installation errors. This study introduces a novel approach by examining the relationship between maintenance tasks, which are based on technical judgment and experiences, and the maintenance tasks provided by the manufacturer for 20 kV medium voltage switchgear. The goal is to develop and deliver the most effective maintenance method for 20 kV medium voltage switchgear, to prevent malfunctions or even catastrophic explosions, while maintaining the lowest possible maintenance costs. Total use of labor over 2 years (24 months) for daily, monthly, 3 monthly, and 2 yearly is 3554-man hours (MH). It provides a comprehensive approach to preventing malfunctions and explosions, resulting in optimal maintenance costs and performance.
Application of a Question Answering System in the Ontology-Based Health Domain and Question Templates to Improve the Quality of Answers
Authors: Yudhono Efwandha , Shaufiah Shaufiah , Sardi Indra Lukmana
Published: October 2024

Developing an effective Question Answering System (QAS) to address a wide range of health-related inquiries presents a significant challenge. This study introduces an innovative approach using an ontology-based QAS within the health domain, leveraging the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and SPARQL query language. By utilizing ontology, the system can more accurately map health concepts, improving the relevance and precision of its responses. Additionally, the incorporation of structured Question Templates enhances the system’s ability to understand and respond to diverse user queries. The system's performance was evaluated using Black Box Testing, which demonstrated that it consistently provides accurate and relevant answers. The system achieved a Mean Average Precision (MAP) of 79.6%, indicating its potential to effectively address a broad spectrum of health issues.
Exploring the Benefits and Barriers of QRIS Adoption Among Micro Businesses in North Bogor
Authors: Widyawan Bisma , Barlian Achmad , Haryanto Joni , Haddad Bayhaqi Mohamad
Published: October 2024

This study explores the role of the Indonesian Standard QR Code (QRIS) in enhancing the business outcomes of micro enterprises in North Bogor Subdistrict. While QRIS has been recognized as a crucial technological advancement for promoting financial inclusion, there remains a reluctance among some micro business owners to adopt it. This research utilizes a descriptive qualitative method, including interviews with micro entrepreneurs who do and do not use QRIS, government officials involved in MSME development, and financial institution representatives. The findings reveal that the adoption of QRIS is often driven by its integration with delivery services rather than its potential to boost business performance. Despite some entrepreneurs experiencing benefits from QRIS, a significant gap in understanding its full potential as a payment method persists. For those not using QRIS, reasons include the efficiency of cash transactions, additional costs, and expectations more on government support in promoting their products to achieve business growth.
Addressing the Lemons Problem in Environmental Sustainability:Greenwashing and E-Waste Challenges in African Markets
Authors: Chaudhary Mohit
Published: October 2024

The "lemons problem," as conceptualized by Akerlof in 1970, depicts the adverse effects of information asymmetry in markets wherein sellers are more informed than buyers, consequently causing the leakage of low-quality commodities. This paper explains how this phenomenon plays out in an environmental sense more specifically, through the disguise of greenwashing and e-waste overflowing into African nations. False claims of sustainability by company’s dupe customers and lead to environmental degradation. The agriculture and energysectors are put under the scanner, showing the damage done by monoculture practices and the fraudulent promotion of genetically modified organisms. The importation of electronic waste and used vehicles into Africa serves to underscore the serious health and environmental implications of such exploitation. To answer this, there is the need to first introduce the EPR model where the responsibility of dealing with waste management will be passed to the producers who will be forced to be responsible and sustainable.
The Peculiar Radio Evolution of the Tidal Disruption Event ASASSN-19bt
Authors: Christy Collin T. , Alexander Kate D. , Margutti Raffaella , Wieringa Mark , Cendes Yvette , Chornock Ryan , Laskar Tanmoy , Berger Edo , Bietenholz Michael , Coppejans Deanne L. , De Colle Fabio , Eftekhari Tarraneh , Holoien Thomas W.-S. , Matsumoto Tatsuya , Miller-Jones James C. A. , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico , Saxton Richard , van Velzen Sjoert
Published: October 2024

We present detailed radio observations of the tidal disruption event (TDE) ASASSN-19bt/AT 2019ahk, obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, and the MeerKAT radio telescopes, spanning 40–1464 days after the onset of the optical flare. We find that ASASSN-19bt displays unusual radio evolution compared to other TDEs, as the peak brightness of its radio emission increases rapidly until 457 days post-optical discovery and then plateaus. Using a generalized approach to standard equipartition techniques, we estimate the energy and corresponding physical parameters for two possible emission geometries: a nonrelativistic spherical outflow and a relativistic outflow observed from a range of viewing angles. We find that the nonrelativistic solution implies a continuous energy rise in the outflow from E ∼ 1046 to E ∼ 1049 erg with outflow speed β ≈ 0.05, while the off-axis relativistic jet solution instead suggests E ≈ 1052 erg with Lorentz factor Γ ∼ 10 at late times in the maximally off-axis case. We find that neither model provides a holistic explanation for the origin and evolution of the radio emission, emphasizing the need for more complex models. ASASSN-19bt joins the population of TDEs that display unusual radio emission at late times. Conducting long-term radio observations of these TDEs, especially during the later phases, will be crucial for understanding how these types of radio emission in TDEs are produced.
The Black Hole Mass and Photometric Components of NGC 4826
Authors: Gültekin Kayhan , Gebhardt Karl , Kormendy John , Foord Adi , Bender Ralf , Lauer Tod R. , Pinkney Jason , Richstone Douglas O. , Tremaine Scott
Published: October 2024

We present infrared photometry and Hubble Space Telescope imaging and spectroscopy of the Sab galaxy NGC 4826. Schwarzschild dynamical modeling is used to measure its central black hole mass M. Photometric decomposition is used to enable a comparison of M to published scaling relations between black hole masses and properties of host bulges. This decomposition implies that NGC 4826 contains classical and pseudobulges of approximately equal mass. The classical bulge has best-fit Sérsic index n = 3.27. The pseudobulge is made up of three parts, an inner lens (n = 0.18 at r ≲ 4″), an outer lens (n = 0.17 at r ≲ 45″), and a n = 0.58 Sérsic component required to match the surface brightness between the lens components. The total V-band luminosity of the galaxy is M

VT
= −21.07, the ratio of classical bulge to total light is B/T ≃ 0.12, and the ratio of pseudobulge to total light is PB/T ≃ 0.13. The outer disk is exponential (n = 1.07) and makes up D/T = 0.75 of the light of the galaxy. Our best-fit Schwarzschild model has a black hole mass with 1σ uncertainties of

M
=

8.4

−
0.6

+
1.7

×

10

6

M

⊙

and a stellar population with a K-band mass-to-light ratio of

ϒ
K

=
0.46
±
0.03

M
⊙

L
⊙

−
1

at the assumed distance of 7.27 Mpc. Our modeling is marginally consistent with M = 0 at the 3σ limit. These best-fit parameters were calculated assuming the black hole is located where the velocity dispersion is largest; this is offset from the maximum surface brightness, probably because of dust absorption. The black hole mass—one of the smallest measured by modeling stellar dynamics—satisfies the well known correlations of M with the K-band luminosity, stellar mass, and velocity dispersion of the classical bulge only. In contrast, the black hole is undermassive with respect to the correlation of M with total (classical plus pseudo) bulge luminosity. Thus the composite (classical bulge plus pseudobulge) galaxy NGC 4826 is consistent with previous results on black hole scaling relations and helps to strengthen these results at low black hole masses.
Physical Parameters and Magnetic Activity of M-type Stars Based on the LAMOST DR9, SDSS, and TESS Surveys
Authors: Li Wenjie , Zhang Li-yun , Su Tianhao , Han Xianming L. , Misra Prabhakar , Pi Qingfeng
Published: October 2024

We analyze a catalog comprising 781,232 spectra from 641,095 M dwarf stars from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) low-resolution spectroscopic data release 9. Based on the equivalent width of the Hα line, we ascertain the activity properties of the stars, identifying a total of 107,134 active stars, with 31,175 exhibiting Hα variations. Furthermore, we establish a positive correlation between starspot activity from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite light curves, and chromospheric activity observed through LAMOST spectra on M dwarf stars. Utilizing LAMOST and Gaia data, we map the two-dimensional distribution of active fractions across all M dwarfs in the Milky Way based on Hα and Hβ lines, confirming a decrease in the active fraction as the distance above the Galactic disk increases. Additionally, we investigate the relationship between chromospheric activity and absolute height above the Galactic disk in various M subtypes. Our findings reveal distinct trends: for M0 to M5 dwarf stars, the active fraction of Hα and Hβ lines rapidly decreases within the 0–300 pc range. In the 300–500 pc range, M0 to M4 dwarf stars exhibit a gradual increase, followed by a decrease in the 500–1000 pc range. Conversely, M5 dwarf stars show no significant gradual increase in the 300–500 pc range and decrease in the 500–1000 pc range. More data will be needed to confirm the phenomenon.
A Pileup of Coronal Mass Ejections Produced the Largest Geomagnetic Storm in Two Decades
Authors: Liu Ying D. , Hu Huidong , Zhao Xiaowei , Chen Chong , Wang Rui
Published: October 2024

The largest geomagnetic storm in two decades occurred in 2024 May with a minimum D
st of −412 nT. We examine its solar and interplanetary origins by combining multipoint imaging and in situ observations. The source active region, NOAA AR 13664, exhibited extraordinary activity and produced successive halo eruptions, which were responsible for two complex ejecta observed at the Earth. In situ measurements from STEREO A, which was 12.°6 apart, allow us to compare the “geo-effectiveness” at the Earth and STEREO A. We obtain key findings concerning the formation of solar superstorms and how mesoscale variations of coronal mass ejections affect geo-effectiveness: (1) the 2024 May storm supports the hypothesis that solar superstorms are “perfect storms” in nature, i.e., a combination of circumstances resulting in an event of an unusual magnitude; (2) the first complex ejecta, which caused the geomagnetic superstorm, shows considerable differences in the magnetic field and associated “geo-effectiveness” between the Earth and STEREO A, despite a mesoscale separation; and (3) two contrasting cases of complex ejecta are found in terms of the geo-effectiveness at the Earth, which is largely due to different magnetic field configurations within the same active region.
Magnetic Field Geometry of the Gamma-Ray Binary PSR B1259–63 Revealed via X-Ray Polarization
Authors: Kaaret Philip , Roberts Oliver J. , Ehlert Steven R. , Swartz Douglas A. , Weisskopf Martin C. , Liodakis Ioannis , Saade M. Lynne , O’Dell Stephen L. , Chen Chien-Ting
Published: October 2024

Some X-ray binaries containing an energetic pulsar in orbit around a normal star accelerate particles to high energies in the shock cone formed where the pulsar and stellar winds collide. The magnetic field geometry in the acceleration region in such binaries is unknown. We performed the first measurement of the polarization of the X-ray synchrotron emission from a gamma-ray-emitting binary system. We observed PSR B1259–63 with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer during an X-ray bright phase following the periastron passage in 2024 June. X-ray polarization is detected with a polarization degree of 8.3% ± 1.5% at a significance of 5.3σ. The X-ray polarization angle is aligned with the axis of the shock cone at the time of the observation. This indicates that the predominant component of the magnetic field in the acceleration region is oriented perpendicular to the shock-cone axis.
Lava Worlds Surface Measurements at High Temperatures
Authors: Fortin Marc-Antoine , Gazel Esteban , Williams Daniel B. , Thompson James O. , Kaltenegger Lisa , Ramsey Michael S.
Published: October 2024

First measurements of the emission of lava worlds with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) probe the conditions on worlds so hot that their surfaces are likely molten or partially molten. These observations provide a unique opportunity to explore rocky planets’ evolution. Surfaces of lava world exoplanets can give insights into their composition and their interior workings. However, data of spectral emissivity of a wide range of potential exoplanet surface compositions and temperatures is required to understand JWST data. Here, we chose eight synthetic, potential exoplanet surfaces that span a wide range of chemical compositions to provide observers with a tool for the interpretation of JWST data for the exploration of lava worlds. We present the measured infrared emissivity spectra (2.5–20 μm) of these materials for temperatures between 800° C and 1350° C. Our data comprise the first spectral library of possible high-temperature exoplanet surfaces. From these measurements, we establish the link between composition and a strong spectral feature at around 9 μm, the Christiansen frequency (CF) for different temperatures. Additionally, we report that the shift in the CF associated with the bulk composition of the material is significantly more important than its temperature. This provides a critical tool to aid in interpreting future spectra of lava worlds that will be collected by the JWST and future missions.
Evidence for Widespread Hydrogen Sequestration within the Moon’s South Pole Cold Traps
Authors: McClanahan T. P. , Parsons A. M. , Livengood T. A. , Su J. J. , Chin G. , Hamara D. , Harshman K. , Starr R. D.
Published: October 2024

Hydrogen-bearing volatiles are observed to be concentrated, likely in the form of water ice, within most of the Moon's permanently shadowed regions (PSRs), poleward of 77° S. Results show that instrumental blurring of the Moon’s epithermal neutron flux correlates the PSRs’ observed hydrogen concentration by their areal density. Epithermal neutron observations of 502 PSRs are positively correlated indicating that they have similar expected hydrogen concentrations, 0.28 ± 0.03 wt% water-equivalent hydrogen, relative to neutron background observations (lower bounds). The correlation arises from the PSRs’ proportional detection attributed to their similar hydrogen distributions and their areal fraction of the collimated instrument footprint of the Collimated Sensor for Epithermal Neutrons (CSETN), which is part of the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector on board the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). The lowest hydrogen concentration areas coincide with low PSR areal densities that occur with highly illuminated and warm, equator-facing sloped surfaces. Results show that the maximum hydrogen concentrations observed within the Haworth, Shoemaker, and Faustini PSRs coincide with their coldest surface temperatures, below 75 K that occur near the base of their poleward-facing slopes. Anomalously enhanced hydrogen concentrations around the Cabeus-1 PSR suggest at least two lunar hydrogen sources. The uncollimated neutron counting rate map is subtracted from CSETN’s collimated neutron map using a novel spatial bandpass filter. The results indicate water ice and perhaps other hydrogen-bearing volatiles are being randomly distributed to the surface and the PSRs’ low sublimation rates likely maximize their residence times and elevate their surface concentrations. CSETN’s corrected south polar map is correlated to coregistered maximum temperature and topography maps made by LRO’s Diviner and Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter instruments.
Worth the fuss? Maximising informativeness for target capture-based phylogenomics in Erica (Ericaceae)
Authors: Musker Seth , Pirie Michael , Nürk Nicolai
Published: October 2024

Plant phylogenetics has been revolutionised in the genomic era, with target capture acting as the primary workhorse of most recent research in the new field of phylogenomics. Target capture (aka Hyb-Seq) allows researchers to sequence hundreds to thousands of genomic regions (loci) of their choosing, at relatively low cost per sample, from which to derive phylogenetically informative data. Although this highly flexible and widely applicable method has rightly earned its place as the field’s de facto standard, it does not come without its challenges. In particular, users have to specify which loci to sequence—a surprisingly difficult task, especially when working with non-model groups, as it requires pre-existing genomic resources in the form of assembled genomes and/or transcriptomes. In the absence of taxon-specific genomic resources, target sets exist that are designed to work across broad taxonomic scales. However, the highly conserved loci that they target may lack informativeness for difficult phylogenetic problems, such as that presented by the rapid radiation of Erica in southern Africa. In such cases, a “made to measure” approach may prove more fruitful. We set out to design a target set capable of resolving the Erica phylogeny while maximising informativeness, minimising paralogy, and allowing for comparability with other target sets. The result was a target set comprising just over 300 genes with excellent recovery rates across roughly 90 Erica species as well as outgroups from the genera Calluna, Daboecia, and Rhododendron. The targets had high information content as measured by parsimony informative sites and Quartet Internode Resolution Probability (QIRP) at shallow nodes. Target recovery was not negatively affected by the inclusion of introns, and phylogenetic informativeness was positively correlated with intron content. Notably, we show that specifically targeting introns, as opposed to recovering them via exon-flanking “bycatch”, can substantially improve the utility of a target set. Overall, our results show the value of investing in building a made to measure target set, and we provide a suite of open-source tools that can be used to replicate our approach in other groups (github.com/SethMusker/TargetVet).
Lost species, neglected taxonomy, and the role of natural history collections and synonymization in the identification of the World’s forgotten biodiversity
Authors: Gippoliti Spartaco , Farina Simone , Andreone Franco
Published: October 2024

A recent paper highlighted the need for increased attention towards species that have vanished from scientific literature and proposed a new nomenclature in view of needed conservation actions, based on the time interval since their disappearance. Here, we propose to implement this concept by showcasing a taxonomic perspective that is often overlooked in conservation studies. In recent decades, research on vertebrates showed that, in several cases, species considered as undescribed were, in fact, first discovered and already named a long time ago. Quite often they fell into oblivion while being considered synonyms of other taxa until they were re-evaluated in subsequent taxonomic revisions. In this context, we are proposing the concept of “long-lost synonymized” species, asking for greater attention to the discipline of taxonomy, the relevance of specimen-based taxonomy and the value of natural history collections within conservation and academic communities.
Exploration of a New Class p-type Conducting Oxide Based on the Strong Correlation Effect
Authors: KIM Inseo , LEE Kimoon
Published: October 2024

Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) have been researched for several decades thus utilizing in many technology advances especially on display area. While such an advance p-type TCO entry is still rare compared to the n-type one as hindering the next generation oxide-based electronics. This article briefly introduces materials design concepts on typical TCOs, and a new approach to realize a high-performance p-type TCO based on strong electron correlation effect.
Relaciones políticas y académicas en tiempos convulsos. La Deutsch-Spanische Gesellschaft y el falangismo universitario, 1939-1945
Authors: Morente Valero Francisco José
Published: October 2024

Las relaciones políticas y culturales entre Alemania y España durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial han sido objeto de una considerable atención en los últimos años. Este artículo se enmarca en este campo de estudio y pretende analizar el papel de la Deutsch-Spanische Gesellschaft (DSG) en un aspecto poco explorado hasta ahora como es el establecimiento de sus vínculos con importantes líderes políticos falangistas que también fueron figuras destacadas de la universidad española. Se pretende mostrar cómo la diplomacia académica permitió estrechar los lazos políticos entre el Tercer Reich y el franquismo, de lo que se derivó la incorporación de algunos elementos del nacionalsocialismo a la arquitectura jurídica, institucional y académica del Nuevo Estado español. El trabajo dedica especial atención a la figura de Pedro Laín Entralgo, como estudio de caso, y se basa fundamentalmente en la documentación de archivo de la DSG (Bundesarchiv -Berlín-Lichterfelde-) y del Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut (Geheimes Staatsarchiv -Berlín-), entre otras fuentes primarias.
Conocer para recaudar: la confección de los espacios fiscales. Una aproximación a través del caso granadino (1492-1503)
Authors: Ortega Cera Agatha
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo profundiza en una realidad escasamente estudiada por la historiografía como es la geografía fiscal. Saber qué describimos exactamente cuando nos referimos a partidos fiscales, entender por qué se decide una determinada geografía del fisco y no otra, o lo cambiante de la misma, son algunas de las cuestiones que abordamos en este trabajo. Tomamos como modelo de estudio la ciudad de Granada, un lugar en el que la combinación de la tradición de las estructuras islámicas preexistentes, la innovación que conllevó su incorporación a la Corona castellana o el gran negocio fiscal que supuso el arrendamiento de sus rentas —tras la conquista— nos permite observar, al detalle, la gran cantidad de factores que influyen a la hora de fijar los espacios fiscales de un determinado territorio.
Parroquia, bajo clero y comunidad: una mirada a través de los libros de mayordomía de la diócesis de Granada
Authors: Rayo Muñoz Gema
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo analiza los treinta y siete libros de mayordomía hallados en el Archivo Histórico Diocesano de Granada, para el periodo comprendido entre 1505 y 1525. Gracias a ellos hemos reconstruido en buena medida la economía parroquial de la diócesis de Granada. De un lado, sus ingresos, sustentados principalmente en los diezmos y bienes habices. Del otro lado, los gastos, destinados sobre todo a los salarios del bajo clero, la construcción de parroquias y la compra de ornamentos y objetos litúrgicos. Por último, hemos aplicado un enfoque social, con el estudio de los enterramientos, festividades o donaciones de tierras.
Carlos II, Felipe V y la génesis de la Real Academia de Matemáticas de Barcelona (1677-1705)
Authors: Espino López Antonio
Published: October 2024

La enseñanza de las matemáticas aplicadas para uso de los militares tuvo una larga tradición en el seno de la Monarquía Hispánica desde el siglo XVI. Pero, como en tantos otros casos, una cierta decadencia en cuanto a su aplicación docente se comenzó a detectar en el Seiscientos. Si bien se buscó mantener vivas diversas iniciativas para la creación de nuevas academias militares que incluyesen la docencia de las matemáticas, lo cierto es que apenas la academia constituida en Barcelona en 1694 tuvo un cierto éxito, pero ya en el siglo XVIII. En este trabajo, merced a una labor de archivo que ha pretendido bucear en los fondos del Archivo de la Corona de Aragón y del Archivo General de Simancas, entre otros, hemos establecido la génesis de la citada academia no en las discusiones habidas en el seno del Consejo de Guerra a partir de fines de la década de 1690, como se venía haciendo hasta ahora, sino en otras anteriores datadas a partir de 1677 y con sucesivos virreyes de Cataluña como protagonistas
El movimiento de rearme naval en tiempos de la Unión Liberal. Opinión Pública, cultura estratégica y navalismo (1858-1863)
Authors: Escribano Roca Rodrigo , Guerrero Oñate Pablo A.
Published: October 2024

Entre 1858 y 1863, en España se desarrolló un movimiento de rearme naval que coordinó los esfuerzos de la burguesía comercial, las elites parlamentarias e intelectuales del liberalismo, un sector de la oficialidad de la Real Armada, los municipios, las comunidades de emigrantes españoles en América y la prensa. Previamente, entre 1833 y 1857, el navalismo ya se había instalado como un horizonte consensual de regeneración geopolítica en la opinión pública española. Este proceso llegó a su cénit entre 1858 y 1860, durante el primer Gobierno de la Unión Liberal. El artículo analizará cómo este breve lapso temporal supuso una movilización intensiva de los actores previamente mencionados para favorecer el crecimiento de la Real Armada y su utilización como instrumento del poder español en el escenario internacional. Por ello, ciertos intelectuales se dedicaron a sistematizar dichas demandas, definiendo grandes esquemas estratégicos que influyeron en las políticas adoptadas por los Ministerios de Marina entre 1861 y 1868.
Entre la vulnerabilidad y la desafiliación social. Prevención y represión de la mendicidad en Madrid y Barcelona durante la Segunda República española
Authors: De Miguel Salanova Santiago
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo ambiciona aproximarse a uno de los principales objetivos planteados durante el período de la Segunda República española en términos de control social y orden público: el correlacionado con la lucha contra la mendicidad. En una coyuntura marcada por la crisis económica y el paro forzoso, las dinámicas que se tejieron en las políticas municipales desarrolladas frente a esa problemática se articularon desde un modelo bidireccional que conectaba con el desplegado en el ámbito europeo e internacional en el ciclo de la Gran Depresión. De este modo, prevención y represión actuarían como las dos caras de una misma moneda, en función de la influencia ejercida por dos aspectos fundamentales. Por un lado, el nuevo modelo de asistencia social que buscó confeccionarse para reemplazar a la beneficencia característica del período monárquico. Y, por otra parte, las tipologías sociales que se fueron definiendo como merecedoras de la recepción de los socorros, partiendo de las conceptualizaciones que se hicieron con respecto a su grado de vulnerabilidad (en un sentido estructural o accidental) y de desafiliación social. El trabajo que aquí se presenta reflexiona sobre estas cuestiones, partiendo de un marco urbano comparado (Madrid y Barcelona) y del análisis de la documentación administrativa y de gestión dependiente de sus gobiernos municipales.
«¡Hemos oído la radio de la policía!»” Apropiaciones de la logística estatal en el tardofranquismo y la transición (1966-1982)
Authors: Palacios Cerezales Diego
Published: October 2024

Las formas de la protesta y las de la actuación policial evolucionan paralelamente. Durante la década de 1960, la radio y el coche radio-patrulla mejoraron la coordinación logística de los dispositivos policiales, pero también empoderaron a los activistas, periodistas y curiosos que interceptaban las emisiones. A partir de una base de datos de grabaciones a la policía y transcripciones de la radio policial, este artículo analiza las prácticas de escucha a la policía, sus usos y efectos. Este espionaje permitió a los activistas proteger sus acciones de la intervención policial. Durante la dictadura, además, la oposición utilizó las grabaciones y transcripciones como fuente autorizada sobre la magnitud de los conflictos sociales y las movilizaciones políticas, y como desmentido de las declaraciones oficiales. Las grabaciones a la radio policial se usaron también como prueba de ilegalidades y actitudes belicosas por parte de la policía y como banda sonora trepidante en documentales que denunciaban la represión. La conclusión es que la tecnificación radiofónica de la policía produjo efectos imprevistos y brindó oportunidades no deseadas asociadas también a la sofisticación técnica de la sociedad en su conjunto, que tuvieron efectos en la posibilidad de responsabilizar a la policía de sus actuaciones. Las escuchas, de ese modo, contribuyeron a la democratización.
La cooperación económica, industrial y científico-técnica entre España y la República Democrática Alemana: un vector de modernización económica y entendimiento político (1973-1990)”
Authors: Ramos Diez-Astrain Xavier María
Published: October 2024

1973 fue el año en que España y la República Democrática Alemana (RDA) normalizaron sus relaciones diplomáticas. El nuevo marco propició que las relaciones comerciales, basadas en compensaciones, dieran paso a un sistema de divisas en 1974 y abrieran la puerta a la cooperación económica. Desde entonces, España y la RDA negociaron diferentes vías para la cooperación científico-técnica, especialmente tras el triunfo electoral del PSOE en 1982 y el nuevo marco de relaciones bilaterales consecuente. El objetivo fundamental del artículo es recomponer estas relaciones de cooperación, con especial hincapié en las cuestiones políticas, pero teniendo en cuenta también los efectos sobre el comercio. La conclusión básica del autor es que esta cooperación sirvió para una mutua modernización productiva y como forma de aproximación política, además de sostener el entramado comercial después de la entrada de España en la Comunidad Económica Europea y de propiciar el aumento de los intercambios. Para estudiarlo, se han utilizado fuentes archivísticas alemanas y españolas, así como fuentes hemerográficas y legales.
RUTHENIUM ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS IN CANCER TREATMENT
Authors: Sikkander Abdul Razak Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Organometallic complexes with ruthenium have shown promise as potential anticancer agents. These complexes represent a class of compounds that can exhibit unique mechanisms of action, and they may offer advantages or overcome some limitations associated with platinum-based drugs, such as cisplatin. Ruthenium-based complexes can have diverse mechanisms of action. They may interact with DNA, proteins, or other cellular components, leading to cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. The versatility of ruthenium coordination chemistry allows for the design of complexes with specific properties. Some cancers that become resistant to platinum-based drugs may still respond to ruthenium-based compounds. This reduced cross-resistance is attributed to differences in the mechanisms of action between platinum and ruthenium complexes. Researchers can design ruthenium complexes to target specific cellular pathways or processes associated with cancer. This targeted approach aims to enhance the selectivity of the treatment for cancer cells while minimizing the impact on normal cells. Ruthenium complexes often have unique structural features that contribute to their stability and reactivity. These features can be tailored to optimize the pharmacological properties of the compounds. Ruthenium-based complexes may be explored in combination with other anticancer agents to achieve synergistic effects and enhance overall treatment efficacy. Ongoing research continues to explore the potential of ruthenium-based organometallic complexes, and preclinical studies have demonstrated promising results. As with any emerging field, further investigations and clinical trials are needed to fully understand the therapeutic potential and safety profiles of these compounds for various types of cancers.
História do ensino das Ciências Sociais
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi , Bodart Cristiano das Neves , Campos Raquel Discini de
Published: October 2024

Este texto, abordando dois temas simultaneamente, introduz o dossiê "História da Educação e o ensino das Ciências Sociais" e conduz uma breve revisão crítica da recente literatura relacionada ao assunto. Os propósitos são situar os leitores no atual debate em curso dentro do campo das Ciências Sociais e, ao mesmo tempo, evidenciar os avanços observados na área. Procura-se fomentar discussões que apontem para novas agendas de pesquisa, bem como empreender aproximações com o fértil campo da História da Educação, contribuindo, especialmente, para dinamizar o diálogo dos sociólogos e dos historiadores da educação com o que é comumente referido como o “(sub)campo de pesquisa do ensino de Sociologia”.
Dexmedetomidine alleviates CoCl2-induced hypoxic cellular damage in INS-1 cells by regulating autophagy
Authors: Park Jin Ha , Oh Ju Eun , Kim Namo , Kwak Young-Lan
Published: October 2024

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is inevitable during the perioperative period. The pancreas is susceptible to I/R injury. Autophagy, a self-digestion process, is upregulated during I/R injury and strongly induced by hypoxia. This study aims to determine whether dexmedetomidine can decrease pancreatic β-cell damage by regulating autophagy under hypoxia.Methods: INS-1 rat insulinoma cells were cultured in dexmedetomidine before being exposed to cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced hypoxia. Cell viability and the expression of autophagy-related proteins (light chain 3B [LC3B]-II, p62, and ATGs) were assessed. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins (BCL-2 and P-BAD) were also evaluated. CoCl2-treated INS-1 cells were pretreated with the autophagosome formation inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA), to compare its effects with those of dexmedetomidine. Bafilomycin-A1 (Baf-A1) that inhibits autophagosome degradation was used to confirm the changes in autophagosome formation induced by dexmedetomidine.Results: Dexmedetomidine attenuated the increased expression of autophagic proteins (LC3B-II, p62, and ATGs) and reversed the CoCl2-induced reduction in the proliferation of INS-1 cells after hypoxia. Dexmedetomidine also alleviated the decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein (BCL-2) and the increased expression of apoptotic protein (BAX). Dexmedetomidine reduces the activation of autophagy through inhibiting autophagosome formation, as confirmed by a decrease in LC3B-II/I ratio, a marker of autophagosome formation, in LC3B turnover assay combined with Baf-A1.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine alleviates the degree of cellular damage in INS-1 cells against CoCl2-induced hypoxia by regulating autophagosome formation. These results provide a basis for further studies to confirm these effects in clinical practice.
Long-term clinical course of patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: A more than 10-year follow-up cohort study
Authors: Kulbachinskaya Ekaterina , Bereznitskaya Vera
Published: October 2024

Background:

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is an inherited disorder characterized by ventricular arrhythmias induced by physical or emotional stress. Currently, there are limited data available on the long-term prognosis of CPVT.

Methods and Results:

In this study, which included both retrospective and prospective components, 12 patients with CPVT (7 males and 5 females) under 18 years old were enrolled to gather and evaluate demographic, clinical, and genetic data. The mean age at diagnosis onset was 7.0 ± 3.1 years. All patients experienced syncope. The mean follow-up duration was 20.1 years. During the follow-up period, all patients experienced at least one episode of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Despite beta-blocker therapy, nine patients experienced syncope (75%), and four patients were noncompliant with their treatment. An implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) implantation was performed in 10 patients (83%), and among those 5 (50%) experienced appropriate shocks. Inappropriate shocks were observed in all patients with an ICD. The left cardiac sympathetic denervation was performed in 6 patients (50%). One patient died during the follow-up period. Genetic testing was performed in eight patients, five of whom had RYR2 mutations, one patient had mutations in CASQ2, one in TECRL, and one was gene-elusive.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of cardiac events, even after the initiation of beta-blocker therapy, was found to be distressingly high during long-term follow-up. SVT, such as atrial fibrillation, were found to be more common than previously thought. Combination therapy with a beta-blocker and an IC antiarrhythmic drug shows promise. An individualized approach to the selection of treatment strategies is essential.
Three for one – Cardiac perforations at three sites following atrial septal defect device closure
Authors: Agarwal Ravi , Srinivasan Sowmya
Published: October 2024

The interventional cardiac catheterization for treating congenital heart disease has evolved. Complications following interventional procedures might need emergency surgery as a bailout. Here, we report a case of cardiac perforations in three different sites following device closure of atrial septal defect (ASD). In literature, the major sites of ASD device erosion are at the roof of the right atrium (RA), left atrium (LA), or at the atrial junction with the aorta. In our patient, the device eroded at all three sites: the roof of the LA, RA, and the aorta, causing hemopericardium.