bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-task photonic time-delay reservoir computing based on polarization modulation
Authors: Huang Long , Yao Jianping
Published: November 2022

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a multi-task photonic time-delay reservoir computing (RC) system based on polarization modulation. The key component in the system is a polarization modulator (PolM) that functions, jointly with a polarization controller (PC) and a polarizer, as an equivalent Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) to perform electrical to optical conversion and to provide nonlinear operation. By adjusting the bias of the equivalent MZM, the nonlinear function can be optimized for different tasks to achieve the best multi-task performance. In this paper, the task-independent information processing capacity (IPC) of the time-delay RC system is evaluated. The results show that the readout bias of the equivalent MZM leads to a different IPC which can be optimized for different tasks. Two benchmark tasks (NARMA10 and IPIX radar signal prediction) are performed experimentally. The readout bias is adjusted independently for each of the two tasks to give a minimum normalized mean square error (NMSE), which are 0.2103 and 0.0031 for the NARMA10 and IPIX radar signal prediction tasks at a speed of 1.06 Mb/s, respectively.
High prevalence of burnout syndrome among medical and nonmedical residents during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pinho Rebeca da Nóbrega Lucena , Costa Thais Ferreira , Silva Nayane Miranda , Barros-Areal Adriana Ferreira , Salles André de Matos , Oliveira Andrea Pedrosa Ribeiro Alves , Rassi Carlos Henrique Reis Esselin , Gomes Ciro Martins , Silva Dayde Lane Mendonça da , Oliveira Fernando Araújo Rodrigues de , Jochims Isadora , Vaz Filho Ivan Henrique Ranulfo , Oliveira Lucas Alves de Brito , Rosal Marta Alves , Lima Marta Pinheiro , Soares Mayra Veloso Ayrimoraes , Kurizky Patricia Shu , Peterle Viviane Cristina Uliana , Gomides Ana Paula Monteiro , Mota Licia Maria Henrique da , Albuquerque Cleandro Pires de , Simaan Cezar Kozak , Amado Veronica Moreira
Published: November 2022

Background

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, health professionals have been working under extreme conditions, increasing the risk of physical and mental illness. We evaluated the prevalence of burnout and its associated factors among postgraduate student residents in health professions during the global health crisis.

Methods

Healthcare residents were recruited from all across Brazil between July and September 2020 through digital forms containing instruments for assessing burnout (Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI)), resilience (brief resilient coping scale (BRCS)) and anxiety, stress and depression (depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)). Additionally, the relationships between burnout and chronic diseases, autonomy and educational adequacy in the residency programme, personal protective equipment (PPE), workload and care for patients with COVID-19 were evaluated. The chi-square test, Student’s t test, Pearson’s correlation test and logistic regression were performed.

Results

A total of 1,313 participants were included: mean (standard deviation) age, 27.8 (4.4) years; female gender, 78.1%; white race, 59.3%; and physicians, 51.3%. The overall prevalence of burnout was 33.4%. The odds (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]) of burnout were higher in the presence of pre-existing diseases (1.76 [1.26–2.47]) and weekly work > 60 h (1.36 [1.03–1.79]) and were lower in the presence of high resilience (0.84 [0.81–0.88]), autonomy (0.87 [0.81–0.93]), and educational structure (0.77 [0.73–0.82]), adequate availability of PPE (0.72 [0.63–0.83]) and non-white race (0.63 [0.47–0.83]). Burnout was correlated with anxiety (r = 0.47; p < 0.05), stress (r: 0.58; p < 0.05) and depression (r: 0.65; p < 0.05).

Conclusions

We observed a high prevalence of burnout among residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual characteristics and conditions related to the work environment were associated with a higher or lower occurrence of the syndrome.
FcMBL magnetic bead-based MALDI-TOF MS rapidly identifies paediatric blood stream infections from positive blood cultures
Authors: Kite Kerry Anne , Loomba Sahil , Elliott Thomas J. , Yongblah Francis , Lightbown Shanda L. , Doyle Thomas J. , Gates Lily , Alber Dagmar , Downey George A. , McCurdy Michael T. , Hill James A. , Super Michael , Ingber Donald E. , Klein Nigel , Cloutman-Green Elaine
Published: November 2022

Rapid identification of potentially life-threatening blood stream infections (BSI) improves clinical outcomes, yet conventional blood culture (BC) identification methods require ~24–72 hours of liquid culture, plus 24–48 hours to generate single colonies on solid media suitable for identification by mass spectrometry (MS). Newer rapid centrifugation techniques, such as the Bruker MBT-Sepsityper® IVD, replace culturing on solid media and expedite the diagnosis of BCs but frequently demonstrate reduced sensitivity for identifying clinically significant Gram-positive bacterial or fungal infections. This study introduces a protocol that utilises the broad-range binding properties of an engineered version of mannose-binding lectin linked to the Fc portion of immunoglobulin (FcMBL) to capture and enrich pathogens combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS for enhanced infection identification in BCs. The FcMBL method identified 94.1% (64 of 68) of clinical BCs processed, with a high sensitivity for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (94.7 and 93.2%, respectively). The FcMBL method identified more patient positive BCs than the Sepsityper® (25 of 25 vs 17 of 25), notably with 100% (3/3) sensitivity for clinical candidemia, compared to only 33% (1/3) for the Sepsityper®. Additionally, during inoculation experiments, the FcMBL method demonstrated a greater sensitivity, identifying 100% (24/24) of candida to genus level and 9/24 (37.5%) top species level compared to 70.8% (17/24) to genus and 6/24 to species (25%) using the Sepsityper®. This study demonstrates that capture and enrichment of samples using magnetic FcMBL-conjugated beads is superior to rapid centrifugation methods for identification of BCs by MALDI-TOF MS. Deploying the FcMBL method therefore offers potential clinical benefits in sensitivity and reduced turnaround times for BC diagnosis compared to the standard Sepsityper® kit, especially for fungal diagnosis.
Azimuthal sound localization in the chicken
Authors: Maldarelli Gianmarco , Firzlaff Uwe , Luksch Harald
Published: November 2022

Sound localization is crucial for the survival and reproduction of animals, including non-auditory specialist animals such as the majority of avian species. The chicken (Gallus gallus) is a well-suited representative of a non-auditory specialist bird and several aspects of its auditory system have been well studied in the last decades. We conducted a behavioral experiment where 3 roosters performed a sound localization task with broad-band noise, using a 2-alternative forced choice paradigm. We determined the minimum audible angle (MAA) as measure for localization acuity. In general, our results compare to previous MAA measurements with hens in Go/NoGo tasks. The chicken has high localization acuity compared to other auditory generalist bird species tested so far. We found that chickens were better at localizing broadband noise with long duration (1 s; MAA = 16°) compared to brief duration (0.1 s; MAA = 26°). Moreover, the interaural difference in time of arrival and level (ITD and ILD, respectively) at these MAAs are comparable to what measured in other non-auditory specialist bird species, indicating that they might be sufficiently broad to be informative for azimuthal sound localization.
Olfactory testing as COVID-19 screening in school children; A prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Gitomer Sarah A. , Tholen Kaitlyn , Pickett Kaci , Mistry Rakesh D. , Beswick Daniel M. , Kaar Jill L. , Herrmann Brian W.
Published: November 2022

Background

Little is known about olfactory changes in pediatric COVID-19. It is possible that children under-report chemosensory changes on questionnaires, similar to reports in adults. Here, we aim to describe COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction in outpatient children. We hypothesized that children with COVID-19 will demonstrate abnormal olfaction on smell-identification testing at a higher rate than children with negative COVID-19 testing.

Methods

A prospective cross-sectional study was undertaken from June 2020—June 2021 at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. A consecutive sample of 205 outpatients aged 5–21 years undergoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) PCR testing were approached for this study. Patients with prior olfactory dysfunction were excluded. Participants were given a standard COVID-19 symptom questionnaire, a Smell Identification Test (SIT) and home-odorant-based testing within 2 weeks of COVID-19 testing. Prior to study enrollment, power calculation estimated 42 patients to determine difference in rates of SIT results between groups. Data were summarized with descriptive statistics.

Results

Fifty-one patients underwent smell identification testing (23 positive (45%) and 28 negative (55%) for COVID-19; mean age 12.7 years; 60% female). 92% of all patients denied subjective change in their sense of smell or taste but only 58.8% were normosmic on testing. There was no difference in screening questionnaires or SIT scores between COVID-19 positive and negative groups.

Conclusions

Unlike adults, there was no statistical difference in olfactory function between outpatient COVID-19 positive and negative children. Our findings suggest a discrepancy between objective and patient-reported olfactory function in pediatric patients, and poor performance of current screening protocols at detecting pediatric COVID-19.
Bitcoin and S&P500: Co-movements of high-order moments in the time-frequency domain
Authors: Bouri Elie , Kristoufek Ladislav , Azoury Nehme
Published: November 2022

Interactions between stock and cryptocurrency markets have experienced shifts and changes in their dynamics. In this paper, we study the connection between S&P500 and Bitcoin in higher-order moments, specifically up to the fourth conditional moment, utilizing the time-scale perspective of the wavelet coherence analysis. Using data from 19 August 2011 to 14 January 2022, the results show that the co-movement between Bitcoin and S&P500 is moment-dependent and varies across time and frequency. There is very weak or even non-existent connection between the two markets before 2018. Starting 2018, but mostly 2019 onwards, the interconnections emerge. The co-movements between the volatility of Bitcoin and S&P500 intensified around the COVID-19 outbreak, especially at mid-term scales. For skewness and kurtosis, the co-movement is stronger and more significant at mid- and long-term scales. A partial-wavelet coherence analysis underlines the intermediating role of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) in provoking the Bitcoin-S&P500 nexus. These results reflect the co-movement between US stock and Bitcoin markets beyond the second moment of return distribution and across time scales, suggesting the relevance and importance of considering fat tails and return asymmetry when jointly considering US equity-Bitcoin trading or investments and the policy formulation for the sake of US market stability.
Communication-efficient algorithms for solving pressure Poisson equation for multiphase flows using parallel computers
Authors: Ghosh Soumyadip , Lu Jiacai , Gupta Vijay , Tryggvason Gretar
Published: November 2022

Numerical solution of partial differential equations on parallel computers using domain decomposition usually requires synchronization and communication among the processors. These operations often have a significant overhead in terms of time and energy. In this paper, we propose communication-efficient parallel algorithms for solving partial differential equations that alleviate this overhead. First, we describe an asynchronous algorithm that removes the requirement of synchronization and checks for termination in a distributed fashion while maintaining the provision to restart iterations if necessary. Then, we build on the asynchronous algorithm to propose anevent-triggeredcommunication algorithm that communicates the boundary values to neighboring processors only at certain iterations, thereby reducing the number of messages while maintaining similar accuracy of solution. We demonstrate our algorithms on a successive over-relaxation solver for the pressure Poisson equation arising from variable density incompressible multiphase flows in 3-D and show that our algorithms improve time and energy efficiency.
Breaking cultures of silence: Learnings from a participatory community-centred approach to leveraging and researching documentaries for social change
Authors: Conrad-Pérez David , Borum Caty , Olive Jacqueline , Flick Wilson Lisa , Jackson Vanessa , Brooks Jones Shakita
Published: November 2022

This article offers new learnings and recommended practices for documentary-centred grassroots engagement and social change research. These learnings were developed through a community engagement effort in 2020 that centred around a documentary film about racial violence and injustice, Always in Season. Shaped by extended dialogues with industry experts, the filmmaker, local community organizations and more than 100 community participants, these learnings should be of interest to researchers, media makers, organizers, activists, and engagement specialists who wish to engage publics in critical social justice conversations that are not possible through traditional top-down, externally driven methods and engagement approaches alone. Organized around an urgent question – ‘How can participatory methods shift how media is employed and researched for social change purposes?’ – this article responds to a recent call for researchers to avoid ‘re-inventing the wheel’ and to align new work with existing knowledge produced in the field of communication for social change and the long-tradition of community engagement work in the field of documentary.
Las cofradías asturianas a finales del siglo XVIII: una aproximación a sus fundamentos económicos y a su vertiente asistencial
Authors: Morán Corte Alberto
Published: November 2022

Aunque a lo largo de la Edad Moderna se pretendió acabar con la antigua idea que disponía la caridad como algo plenamente teológico y que pretendía servir tanto a quien recibía la ayuda como a la persona que la otorgaba, todavía en el siglo xviii, dentro del imaginario colectivo, se percibían las limosnas como un medio de salvación del alma para aquel que colaboraba a aliviar las penurias de los necesitados. Será precisamente en este sentido en el que prestaremos atención a las cofradías, tanto en las funciones asistenciales que protagonizaban para con sus miembros, como en aquellas ocasiones en que desplegaban algún tipo de ayuda a personas ajenas a la misma. Así, tomando como principal fuente documental el conocido Expediente General de Cofradías, el objetivo de este trabajo es el de mostrar una visión de conjunto de las hermandades asturianas en los momentos finales del Antiguo Régimen, girando el grueso de la investigación en torno a dos cuestiones. En primer lugar, nos ocuparemos de las bases económicas de estas cofradías, para centrarnos a continuación, y teniendo presente el alcance de los caudales de las mismas, en las ayudas y socorros que se llevaron a cabo por estas asociaciones laicas asturianas a lo largo de todo el territorio.
Modos de hacer en lugar de métodos en la investigación-creación
Authors: Gómez Moreno Pedro Pablo
Published: November 2022

A finales de año 2021 participé en el Congreso Grietas y Provocaciones para la Educación en Artes, organizado por la International Society for Education Through Art INSEA, gracias a una invitación del artista y educador peruano Mario Mogrovejo. El tema que propuse indagaba acerca de la posibilidad de crear cono-cimientos decoloniales desde las artes, donde está instalado el debate de la investigación-creación, con sus logros y dificultades, y donde se cruzan las prácti-cas y políticas de la investigación científica con los debates internos en el campo de las artes. Como sucede casi siempre, al final de cada ponencia se plantean preguntas importantes con base en las ideas que uno aventura en su intervención.
Análisis de validez cultural del Estudio Internacional de Educación Cívica y Ciudadanía
Authors: Jiménez Moreno José Alfonso , Gómez Monarrez César , Orozco Vergara Miguel Angel
Published: November 2022

El artículo aborda el problema de validez cultural del Estudio Internacional de Educación Cívica y Ciudadanía (ICCS), organizado por la International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement. La intención fue analizar la manera en que esta prueba a gran escala tiene determinados alcances y limitaciones de índole epistemológico, conceptual y cultural, que, a su vez, pueden tener influencia en los resultados de los estudiantes mexicanos. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas cognitivas a 19 estudiantes con edades entre 13 y 14 años, ubicados en diferentes regiones del país (norte, centro y sur), utilizando dos reactivos aplicados en México. Los resultados muestran cómo los reactivos generan diversas interpretaciones de la información presentada, en función de la postura epistemológica de los estudiantes, su dominio lingüístico de los conceptos, así como sus contextos. Resalta la necesidad de continuar analizando la validez cultural de evaluaciones internacionales en la población estudiantil mexicana.
Choosing which in-hospital laboratory tests to target for intervention: a scoping review
Authors: Podolsky Eyal , Hudek Natasha , McCudden Christopher , Presseau Justin , Yanikomeroglu Sezgi , Brouwers Melissa , Brehaut Jamie C.
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Some laboratory testing practices may be of low value, leading to wasted resources and potential patient harm. Our scoping review investigated factors and processes that developers report using to inform decisions about what tests to target for practice improvement.

Methods

We searched Medline on May 30th, 2019 and June 28th, 2021 and included guidelines, recommendation statements, or empirical studies related to test ordering practices. Studies were included if they were conducted in a tertiary care setting, reported making a choice about a specific test requiring intervention, and reported at least one factor informing that choice. We extracted descriptive details, tests chosen, processes used to make the choice, and factors guiding test choice.

Results

From 114 eligible studies, we identified 30 factors related to test choice including clinical value, cost, prevalence of test, quality of test, and actionability of test results. We identified nine different processes used to inform decisions regarding where to spend intervention resources.

Conclusions

Intervention developers face difficult choices when deciding where to put scarce resources intended to improve test utilization. Factors and processes identified here can be used to inform a framework to help intervention developers make choices relevant to improving testing practices.
Accommodating representation in the neuroscience of memory: a conceptual blending analysis of replay and preplay in hippocampal place cell research
Authors: Berners-Lee Ben
Published: November 2022

Neurons called place cells are selectively activated in correspondence with the location or place field that a rodent occupies. In a phenomenon that neuroscientists call replay, place cell activation sequences rapidly repeat during subsequent periods of rest and grooming. Replay has been theorized as a mechanism for reinforcement learning of the spatial trajectories represented by place cell coactivation. Preplay is a competing theory that suggests that these sequences also occur before a novel run and that sequences are not recordings of position made in real time, but rather pre-made repertoires that an organism selects from as it makes a trajectory through space. The preplay theory maintains the language of representation while breaking from the entailment of the conceptual metaphor “MEMORIES ARE RECORDINGS” that recordings are produced simultaneously to the experiences that they represent. It does so through a conceptual blend that affords preplay researchers flexibility in their theorizing about memory without requiring a break from representationalism. Broadly, these findings demonstrate how the blending of conceptual metaphors is a viable approach for the implicit development and contestation of theories of representation in the neural and cognitive sciences.
Reading perspectives on feeling and the semiotics of emotion
Authors: Reeve Victoria
Published: November 2022

This interdisciplinary approach to the semiotics of emotion offers insights on emotion as a semantic category organising an array of feelings, thoughts and sensations into meaningful (communicable) terms. This is achieved via an exploration of the role of perspective-taking in making meanings that are felt rather than expressly articulated through words. Forming a semiotic system based on embodied experiences and their contexts, emotions, as semantic categories, are the first stage in processes of expression and communication. I lay the groundwork for an interdisciplinary semiotics of emotion in accordance with findings and stances taken in the fields of literary and cultural studies, neuroscience, and cognitive and comparative psychology. Narrative empathy (sometimes called narrative emotion), like emotion per se, stands upon processes of communication involving the interpretive capacities of feeling, cognitive processes of identification, and perspective-taking. Feeling, beginning as an interpretation of sensorial and neurologically driven values, intensifies through the cognitive-affectual interpretative processes of perspective-taking. With recursive (multi-perspectival) feeling resulting in intensifications of feeling we recognise as emotion, I define emotion as a complex recursive pattern of feeling and affect that calls attention to itself in terms that are readily identifiable with semantic categories such as love, hate, shame, sadness, and anger.
Special values ofL-functions of one-motives over function fields
Authors: Geisser Thomas H. , Suzuki Takashi
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this paper is to give a formula for the leading coefficient ats=1{s=1}of theL-function of one-motives over function fields in terms of Weil-étale cohomology, generalizing the Weil-étale version of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture in the authors’ previous work. As a consequence we express the Tamagawa number of a torus introduced by Ono–Oesterlé in terms of Weil-étale cohomology, and reprove their Tamagawa number formula.
The relationship between oxygen therapy, drug therapy, and COVID-19 mortality
Authors: Yang Ling , Chen Guoxi , Cai Yuyang , An Ye , Li Xiaopan , Chen Ying , Xu Cheng , Ji Chen , Lan Xing , Wang Yaling , Huang Hai , Han Li
Published: November 2022

Since December, 2019, Wuhan, China, has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a retrospective study of COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital (Wuhan, China) from January 1 to February 29, 2020. The subjects were divided into four groups due to different treatment regimes. We used the Kaplan–Meier method to determine the cumulative rates of in-hospital death and the Cox proportional hazard model to calculate the risk factors and corresponding hazard ratios. A total of 185 patients were included in this study. The median age of the patients was 62 years, including 94 men and 91 women. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that mortality was higher in older patients, higher in men, and lower in the low-flow oxygen therapy group. Body mass index (BMI) had no influence on mortality, as well as high flow oxygen therapy, Lopinavir–ritonavir (LPV/r) therapy, and the interferon-alpha add LPV/r therapy. Cox proportional hazard regression confirmed that the low flow oxygen therapy was independent protective factor for in-hospital death after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI. In conclusion, the mortality was higher in older patients, higher in men, and lower in the low-flow oxygen therapy group. BMI had no influence on mortality, as well as high flow oxygen therapy, LPV/r therapy, and interferon-alpha add LPV/r therapy.
Nachhaltige Datennutzung im Handwerk
Authors: Jagusch Konrad , Gerds Paul , Knitter Laura , Sender Jan , Flügge Wilko
Published: November 2022

In der handwerklichen Fertigung von Spezialprodukten wird dem Kunden eine lange Einflussnahme auf das Endergebnis eingeräumt. Aufgrund dessen treten extern wie intern initiierte Ereignisse auf, die eine schnelle und gezielte Reaktion erfordern. Hinweise sowie Erfahrungen helfen dabei, diese und weitere alltägliche Herausforderungen zu meistern. Eine nachhaltige Strategie zur Konservierung dieser Informationen fehlt jedoch in vielen Unternehmen. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz aufgezeigt, innerhalb dessen entsprechende Daten erfasst und zur gezielten Unterstützung unternehmensweit gestreut werden. Ferner wird dargelegt, wie diese Daten nachhaltig für neue Kundenaufträge verwendet und prozessoptimierend eingesetzt werden können.
Prozessoptimierung durch Flittergratvermeidung
Authors: Martini Alexander , Doede Nils , Kriwall Mareile , Stonis Malte , Behrens Bernd-Arno
Published: November 2022

Aufgrund der guten Fließeigenschaften von Aluminium neigt das Material beim gratlosen Präzisionsschmieden dazu, in Werkzeugspalte zu fließen und den sogenannten Flittergrat zu erzeugen. Zur industriellen Umsetzung von gratlosen Präzisionsschmiedeprozessen sollen, in Kooperation mit einem Industriepartner, eine innovative Prognosemethode für Flittergrat sowie Dichtungskonzepte erarbeitet werden. Simulative Untersuchungen zeigen, dass die lokale Formfüllung nicht gleichzusetzen ist mit einem hohen Druck respektive einer erhöhten Wahrscheinlichkeit für Flittergrat.
Modellierung der dynamischen Werkzeugnachgiebigkeit mithilfe der Receptance-Coupling-Analyse
Authors: Klemme Heinrich , Reimer Svenja , Uhlmannsiek Jonas
Published: November 2022

Für die optimale Auslegung von Zerspanprozessen muss das dynamische Verhalten des Gesamtsystems aus Maschine, Werkzeughalter und Werkzeug bekannt sein. Bislang werden dafür für jede Prozesskonfiguration aufwändige experimentelle Modalanalysen durchgeführt. Durch Receptance Coupling kann das dynamische Prozessverhalten modular aus dem dynamischen Verhalten der Einzelkomponenten zusammengesetzt werden, sodass keine Messungen zur Identifikation des Gesamtsystems mehr notwendig sind.
The CRHR1/CREB/REST signaling cascade regulates mammalian embryonic neural stem cell properties
Authors: Kwon Mookwang , Lee Ju Hyun , Yoon Youngik , Pleasure Samuel J , Yoon Keejung
Published: November 2022

Growing evidence suggests that the corticotropin‐releasing hormone (CRH) signaling pathway, mainly known as a critical initiator of humoral stress responses, has a role in normal neuronal physiology. However, despite the evidence of CRH receptor (CRHR) expression in the embryonic ventricular zone, the exact functions of CRH signaling in embryonic brain development have not yet been fully determined. In this study, we show that CRHR1 is required for the maintenance of neural stem cell properties, as assessed by in vitro neurosphere assays and cell distribution in the embryonic cortical layers following in utero electroporation. Identifying the underlying molecular mechanisms of CRHR1 action, we find that CRHR1 functions are accomplished through the increasing expression of the master transcription factor REST. Furthermore, luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays reveal that CRHR1‐induced CREB activity is responsible for increased REST expression at the transcriptional level. Taken together, these findings indicate that the CRHR1/CREB/REST signaling cascade plays an important role downstream of CRH in the regulation of neural stem cells during embryonic brain development.
Dynamics analysis of an HIV infection model with latent reservoir, delayed CTL immune response and immune impairment
Authors: Zhang Liru , Xu Rui
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we propose an HIV model with latent reservoir, delayed CTL immune response and immune impairment in which both virus-to-cell infection and cell-to-cell viral transmission are considered. By using Lyapunov functionals and LaSalle's invariance principle, it is verified that when time delay is equal to zero, the global threshold dynamics of the model is determined by the basic reproduction ratio. With the help of uniform persistence theory for infinite dimensional systems, we obtain the uniform persistence when the basic reproduction ratio is greater than unity. By choosing time delay τ as a bifurcation parameter and analyzing the corresponding characteristic equation of the system, we establish the existence of Hopf bifurcation at the chronic-infection equilibrium. Numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the corresponding theoretical results.
A case report of furosemide extravasation in the hand: a rare cause of compartment syndrome
Authors: Güler Sertaç , Kocaşaban Dilber Üçöz
Published: November 2022

In emergency departments, many drugs, fluids, and materials for medical examinations and treatment are typically administered to patients intravenously. One of the most common complications of the intravenous bolus or infusion of drugs is extravasation injuries. These injuries may cause certain morbidities for the patient, increase the cost of treatment, and prolong hospital stays. At the same time, these injuries also carry medicolegal risks for health personnel. Furosemide is a potent diuretic that is commonly used in emergency departments for volume overload conditions. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no cases reported in the literature of furosemide-induced extravasation injury with subsequent compartment syndrome that has required surgical intervention. Presented herein is the case of a 70-year-old female patient who was administered intravenous furosemide from the dorsum of the left hand and whose extravasation injury progressed to compartment syndrome requiring an emergency fasciotomy.
Cross-lingual transfer of knowledge in distributional language models: Experiments in Hungarian
Authors: Novák Attila , Novák Borbála
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we argue that the very convincing performance of recent deep-neural-model-based NLP applications has demonstrated that the distributionalist approach to language description has proven to be more successful than the earlier subtle rule-based models created by the generative school. The now ubiquitous neural models can naturally handle ambiguity and achieve human-like linguistic performance with most of their training consisting only of noisy raw linguistic data without any multimodal grounding or external supervision refuting Chomsky's argument that some generic neural architecture cannot arrive at the linguistic performance exhibited by humans given the limited input available to children. In addition, we demonstrate in experiments with Hungarian as the target language that the shared internal representations in multilingually trained versions of these models make them able to transfer specific linguistic skills, including structured annotation skills, from one language to another remarkably efficiently.
New prediction method for reliability analysis of ocean sustainable energy systems
Authors: Wang Yingguang
Published: November 2022

With the aim of overcoming the shortcomings of traditional approaches, in this paper, an exponential Weibull distribution for fitting the significant wave height data is proposed in order to calculate more accurately the sea-state parameter distribution tails and to extrapolate well. This proposal is applied in predicting the probability distribution tails of a measured ocean wave dataset, and its accuracy is clearly demonstrated. The proposal is subsequently utilised in combination with Monte Carlo sampling to form a new environmental contour method for deriving a 50 year contour line based on the aforementioned measured ocean wave dataset. The derived environmental contour line is compared with that predicted by using a traditional contour line approach. Additionally, the engineering significance of using a more reliable environmental contour line, such as the one derived using the proposed new method for predicting the long-term design force values for an ocean sustainable energy system is highlighted. In conclusion, the newly proposed environmental contour method is recommended to be used when predicting the extreme dynamic response values for the safe and successful design of ocean sustainable energy systems.
Adjunct islands are configurational
Authors: Privoznov Dmitry Konstantinovich
Published: November 2022

This paper argues for the Spell Out theory of the Adjunct Condition, based on Uriagereka (1999), Johnson (2003) and Sheehan (2010), using new evidence from Balkar. The Spell Out theory makes two claims: (a) between any two phrasal sisters at least one must be spelled out and become opaque for movement; and (b) a spelled out constituent does not project its category. This predicts adjuncts to be opaque, since they are maximal projections and are merged with a phrase. The Spell Out theory predicts that modifiers can be transparent for movement, but only if they are merged with a head (as complements) or if their sister is spelled out. The argument from Balkar is based on the behavior of so-called coverbs (clausal modifiers). Balkar converbs come in three varieties: vPs attached at the vP-level or as structural complements, TPs attached between the vP and the T′ of the main clause, and CPs attached at the CP-level. vP-converbs are only transparent for scrambling if they are complements. TP-converbs are never transparent. CP-converbs are only transparent if the main clause that they modify is opaque. Thus, Balkar converbs are transparent in all and only structural configurations that are predicted to be transparent by the Spell Out theory. In the end of the paper I discuss English data from Truswell (2007) and argue that the analysis proposed for Balkar can be extended to them as well.
Új szinten a partnerségi kapcsolatok a NATO madridi csúcstalálkozó értékelése
Authors: Siposné Kecskeméthy Klára
Published: November 2022

Az egységes, megerősített elrettentéssel és a hiteles védelemmel rendelkező felkészültNATO (Szövetség) kulcsfontosságú célkitűzés. A tanulmány áttekinti a madridi csúcsértekezlethez,és az új stratégiai koncepció megalkotásához vezető utat, illetve a 2022.február 24-én Ukrajna ellen megindított orosz invázió következtében radikálisan megváltozottbiztonsági környezetet. A csúcsértekezleten a Szövetség keleti és déli határainjelentkező kihívásokkal, kockázatokkal és fenyegetésekkel, az azokra adandóválaszlépésekkel, a NATO–Oroszország viszonnyal, a katonai képességekkel kiemeltenfoglalkoztak. Jelen tanulmány a csúcstalálkozó NATO-partnerséggel kapcsolatbanhozott történelmi jelentőségű döntéseire, Finnország és Svédország meghívására,az ázsiai–csendes-óceáni térség kiemelt jelentőségére, valamint a Szövetség partnerségikapcsolatait érintő madridi fejleményekre fókuszál.
Features of the use of ungulates by oxpeckers (Buphagus) in central Kenya
Authors: Richard Peter Bishop , Naftaly Githaka , Anne L Bishop
Published: November 2022

A detailed multi-year observational study of Red-Billed (RB) oxpecker (Buphagus erythrorhynchus) and yellow-billed (YB) oxpecker (B. Africanus) occurrence on a range of ungulate species was performed in two Kenyan national parks. Surprisingly observation of over 2100 individual Kongoni, in group sizes of 1 to > 50, revealed a total absence of oxpeckers, of either species, on Kongoni (Alcephalus buselaphus: subfamily Alcephalinae) in Nairobi National Park (NNP), although it was one of the most common bovid species present. There is no population of A. buselaphus at the second study site in central Kenya, Lake Nakuru National Park (LNNP). By contrast, the Impala (Aepyceros melampus), a smaller species, whose taxonomic status is phylogenetically ambiguous, but is widely considered to have evolved relatively recently in Africa, was a frequent oxpecker host in both NNP (29% of animals observed) and LNNP (12.9% of individual animals observed. Two species of gazelle Thompson’s gazelle (Gazella rufifrons)) and Grant’s gazelle (G. granti), subfamily Gazellinae, which were present in both parks but in relatively low abundance, were also not observed to host oxpeckers. The reason for these bovid subfamilies, apparently not being utilized as oxpecker hosts in central Kenya, is unclear and requires further research.
Barcoded Calling Cards and Transcriptomes: Library Preparation v1
Authors: Lalli Matthew
Published: November 2022

This protocol is a modification of Moudgil et al's Bulk Calling Cards Library Preparation that uses barcoded self-reporting transposons for Calling Cards and barcoded oligos for transcriptome capture. This protocol describes how to create next-generation sequencing libraries from barcoded self-reporting transposon (SRT) Calling Cards experiments to measure transcription factor binding and gene expression in parallel from collected RNA. This protocol assumes you have successfully transformed cells with barcoded piggyBac self-reporting transposons and either undirected piggyBac transposase or a gene expression regulator (GER) fused to piggyBac. Your cells are now ready for RNA extraction, SRT and transcriptome amplification, and library preparation.
Simple physiological indicators of 1„2 Santa inês Ã— 1„2 Dorper crossbred sheep raised in the municipality of Mirador, Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Moura . M. B. , Borges L. S. , Moreira A. L. , Santos M. R. , Silva T. B. M. , Moreira Filho M. A. , Costa J. V. , Aquino F. C.
Published: November 2022

In this study we aimed to evaluate the influence of environmental differences caused by day shifts on the physiological indicators of crossbred ½ Santa Inês Ã— ½ Dorper sheep raised in a semi-intensive system. For this, 12 animals with an average weight of 35.00 ± 5.00 kg were allocated in a completely randomized design, with two treatments (morning shift and afternoon shift) and six replicates per treatment. The environmental variables (temperature (ºC) and relative humidity (%)) were collected using a digital thermo-hygrometer. The black globe temperature and humidity index was calculated using temperature values of the black globe thermometer and dew point. The following physiological indicators were measured in the animals: respiratory rate (mov/min); heart rate (beats/min); rectal temperature (ºC); and surface temperature (ºC). In the morning shift, the average values of air temperature and relative humidity were 31.71ºC and 88.66%, respectively. In the afternoon, the average air temperature was 33.91ºC, while the relative humidity was 62.66%. The highest mean globe temperature and humidity index was observed in the afternoon shift (87.75). The physiological indicators showed the highest mean values in the afternoon shift: respiratory rate 73.72 mov/min; heart rate 81.27 beats/min; rectal temperature 39.98ºC; surface temperature 34.76ºC. The crossbred 1„2 Santa Inês Ã— 1„2 Dorper sheep reared in a semi-intensive system showed signs of thermal discomfort.
Logic and Circuitry of a Memory Element to Ensure the Reliability Unitary Code and Speed of Ring Counters
Authors:   Almaz-Antey anagement consulting LLC, Krekhov E. V. , Krekhov V. E. ,   Military Academy the strategic missile forces named after Peter the Great, Branch in Serpukhov, Krekhov I. V. ,   Military Academy the strategic missile forces named after Peter the Great, Branch in Serpukhov
Published: November 2022

Binary encoding of information is prone to errors. The simplest code is a unitary code. Modern coding theory does not allow us to exclude all possible errors in the unitary code. As a result of errors in a bistable memory cell, the unitary code may be corrupted. The properties and features of simple memory elements based on a bistable cell for computer-aided design in CAD are considered. The logic of the prohibition of indeterminate states of a memory element with negative feedback, in contrast to synchronous and self-synchronous logic, is analyzed. The proposed logic is modeled by blocking combined memory elements on the example of a ring counter. The complexity and speed of the ring counter are analyzed, the reliability of its unitary code is evaluated by the proportion of detected errors. The purpose of the study is to analyze the circuit complexity and performance of a synchronous-asynchronous memory element with negative feedback and the principle of error prevention in the synchronous-asynchronous mode of complex combined memory elements using the example of a ring counter with an assessment of the reliability of its output equidistant unitary code by the proportion of detected errors. As a result of the study, using the example of a counter, the possibility of simplifying and improving the performance of digital serial devices with the exception of errors in triggering their discharges, with the exception of those that are not blocked, is shown. The use of forbidding logic to exclude an undefined state of memory during encoding allows the code to be equidistant. The introduction of the prohibition logic into memory is the fact of a sufficient reduction in the number of coding errors. The proposed logic is justified by the simplicity of synchronous-asynchronous memory management. The performance indicators of the developed memory element are comparable to the performance indicators of self-synchronous logic circuits. The logic of a synchronous-asynchronous memory element with negative feedback expands the capabilities of digital devices. The reliability of the unitary code of the proposed ring counter is close to unity. The considered synchronous-asynchronous logic, the possibility of increasing the speed and preventing errors in the memory element will allow choosing more effective ways to develop promising information processing tools using CAD.
STATISTICAL SIMULATION OF RANDOM FIELD ON 2D AREA WITH GENERALIZED GNEITING TYPE CORRELATION FUNCTION IN THE GEOPHYSICAL PROBLEM OF ENVIRONMENT MONITORING
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Vyzhva Z. , Demidov V. ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Vyzhva A. ,   "UkrNDI-gaz", Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

Due to the increasing number of natural and technogenic disasters the development of geological environment monitoring system is actual using modern mathematical tools and information technology. The local monitoring of potentially dangerous objects is an important part of the overall environment monitoring system. Complex geophysical research was conducted on Rivne NPP area. Among these monitoring observations radioisotope study of soil density and humidity near the perimeter of buildings is of the greatest interest. In this case a problem was occurred to supplement simulated data that were received at the control of chalky strata density changes at the research industrial area with use of radioisotope methods on a grid that included 29 wells. This problem was solved in this work by statistical simulation method that provides the ability to display values (random field on a plane) in any point of the monitoring area. The chalk strata averaged density at the industrial area was simulated using the built model and the involvement optimal in the mean square sense correlation function generalized Gneiting type. In this paper the method is used and the model and procedure were developed with enough adequate data for generalized Gneiting type correlation function. The model and algorithm were developed and examples of karst-suffusion phenomena statistical simulation were given in the problem of density chalk strata monitoring at the Rivne NPP area. The statistical model of averaged density chalk strata distribution was built in the plane and statistical simulation algorithm was developed using generalized Gneiting type correlation function based on spectral decomposition. The research subject realizations were obtained with required detail and regularity at the observation grid based on the developed software. Statistical analysis of the numerical simulation results was done and tested for its adequacy.
Properties of solutions to linear KdV equations with φ-sub-Gaussian initial conditions
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Hopkalo O. M. , Sakhno L. M. ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Vasylyk O. I. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine ”Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Politechnic Institute”
Published: November 2022

In this paper, there are studied sample paths properties of stochastic processes representing solutions (in L_2(Ω) sense) to the linear Korteweg–de Vries equation (called also the Airy equation) with random initial conditions given by φ-sub-Gaussian stationary processes. The main results are the bounds for the distributions of the suprema for such stochastic processes considered over bounded domains. Also, there are presented some examples to illustrate the results of the study.
Everyday Life Information for the People with Special Needs: A Technological Approach towards Mass Literacy
Authors: Roy Avik
Published: November 2022

Access to everyday life information of a person with special needs seems to experience frequent hindrances in the form of Way of Life and Mastery of Life since a person of such difficulties finds the traditional mode of delivery of information from public libraries in West Bengal insufficient in getting the required information for lifelong learning. Modern day technology comes as a remedy to this. Everyday life information seeking of twenty four people with special needs of the existing six public libraries in Chanditala II and adjunct blocks of Hooghly District in West Bengal have been studied in the present investigation using micro-moment timeline interview and survey method. Recommendations have been made exploring various apps-developing platforms such as Android, Apple, and even search engines like Google etc. to endeavour to reach the zenith of mass literacy. ChromeVox, Google search through Google Voices etc. offered by Google; Text-to Speech apps offered by Android; AccessTech, Proloquo2Go, iConverse, iCommunicate etc. offered by Apple for blind and visually impaired people are some of them that can be used in public libraries in order to smoothen the everyday life information searching experience of persons with special needs like never before.  DAISY Digital Talking Book, Audio Books, books procured from the Organizations such as Learning Ally (U.S.) can be made accessible in order to secure the lifelong learning of people with special needs in public libraries.