bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Higher preoperative left atrial volume index predicts lack of mitral regurgitation improvement after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Dominici Carmelo , Salsano Antonio , Nenna Antonio , Spadaccio Cristiano , Barbato Raffaele , Mariscalco Giovanni , Santini Francesco , Bashir Mohamad , El-Dean Zein , Chello Massimo
Published: April 2020

Background

Moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation is present in 20–35% of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and the current literature lacks simple echocardiographic parameters, which can predict post-TAVR changes in mitral regurgitation. The aim of this study is to investigate the echocardiographic predictors of improvement or worsening of mitral regurgitation in patients undergoing TAVR with moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation.

Methods

This retrospective study included 113 patients who underwent TAVR with preoperative mitral regurgitation grade at least 2. Patients with concomitant coronary artery disease requiring treatment were excluded. Mitral regurgitation was related to the annular dilatation or tethering mechanism in all patients. Preoperative and postoperative echocardiographies were compared in terms of mitral regurgitation and other commonly measured parameters.

Results

After TAVR, a reduction in mitral regurgitation was observed in 62.8% of cases. On the basis of the difference between postoperative and preoperative echocardiograms, 71 patients had improved mitral regurgitation, whereas 42 patients had stable or worsened mitral regurgitation. After analyzing preoperative echocardiographic parameters with regard to this group difference, left atrial volume index (LAVI) was the only variable that was different between groups (33.4 ± 4.8 ml/m2 in improved mitral regurgitation vs. 39.8 ± 3.0 ml/m2 in not improved mitral regurgitation, P < 0.001). In a multivariable logistic regression model, a LAVI increase was associated with lack of an acute reduction in mitral regurgitation (odds ratio = 1.41, P < 0.001) after adjustment for age and preoperative serum creatinine.

Conclusion

Higher preoperative LAVI is a determinant predictor of lack of an acute reduction in mitral regurgitation after TAVR, and LAVI could be used as a stratifying tool to tailor the treatment strategy and the timing of the procedures. However, validation of these results and long-term outcomes are warranted to support those conclusions.
Potential forest fire risk evaluation in Poland
Authors: Szczygieł Ryszard , Kwiatkowski Mirosław , Kołakowski Bartłomiej , Piwnicki Józef
Published: April 2020

The term forest fire risk means the existence of such conditions that would make possible the occurrence of a fire in the forest environment. The base for the effectiveness of a forest fire protection system is the evaluation of the forest fire risk followed by adequate organization of the system. This article presents methods for determination of the forest susceptibility to fire known as potential forest fire risk. The below presented methods were developed by Forest Research Institute as the results of the projects commissioned by the General Directorate of State Forests. The forest fire risk category and stand flammability classes are the methods included here. The forest fire risk category was elaborated already in 1975 for the first time. Until today, after the last modification in 2008, it is the fundamental document for the polish forest fire protection system. The purpose of this modification was to increase the determination accuracy of the fire risk category of all polish forest, regardless of its ownership type and at the different administrative level. The categorization method, however, doesn’t reflect the fire risk in micro scale. The attempt to solve that problem was made in 2018 while developing the methodology of stand flammability classes. It was assumed that ground cover fuel models will be developed for the most flammable forest habitat types including ground cover types, dominant species, age class and geographical localisation.
Application of green-extraction technique to evaluate of antioxidative capacity of wild population of fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium)
Authors: Nowak Anna , Klimowicz Adam , Duchnik Wiktoria , Kucharski Łukasz , Florkowska Katarzyna , Muzykiewicz Anna , Wira Daria , Zielonkabrzezicka Joanna , Siedłowska Anita , Nadarzewska Kinga
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium (L.) Holub) is a common weed growing on meadows, roadside and agricultural wasteland, creating vast, rapidly spreading fields.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of extracts from fresh fireweed, harvested at three ripening stages.

Methods: Analysis of antioxidative activity was carried out by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Total polyphenol and total flavonoid content were also determined. Plant material was extracted using ultra-sound-assisted green extraction technique with methanol, ethanol and isopropanol at different concentrations and water.

Results: The highest antioxidant activity evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP was found for the extracts prepared in 70% ethanol. The highest content of total polyphenols were observed in extracts in 70% ethanol, whereas the highest content of flavonoids extracts in undiluted methanol.

Conclusion:
Epilobium angustifolium harvested at fruit ripening stage seems to be a valuable source of antioxidants.
Medicinal plants for management and alternative therapy of common ailments in Dutsin-Ma (Katsina State) in Nigeria
Authors: Sadiq Idris Zubairu , Abubakar Fatima Sadiq , Ibrahim Bashiru , Usman Mohammed Aliyu , Kudan Zeenat Bello
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Nowadays, many synthetic drugs comes with various degrees of side effects, accumulative toxicity and development of resistance by microorganisms. Medicinal plants used worldwide can be developed into modern drugs with little or no side effects and greater efficacy.

Objective: The aim of this paper was to document the alternative therapy used in Dutsin-Ma local community in Katsina state, Nigeria.

Methods: Ethnobotanical survey was carried out among 40 traditional herbalists. Out of 106 plants found, screening was conducted to include only plants that are prescribed simultaneously by the entire herbalists.

Results: We have found 32 species of medicinal plants from 20 families that are used for management and alternative therapy against common ailments such as malaria, diabetes, sickle cell anaemia, hypertension, ulcer, paralysis, typhoid fever and immune deficiency.

Conclusion: Traditional medicinal plants provide the alternative therapy for treatment and management of diseases to significant number of people. Herbal practitioners are still relevant to African healthcare system.
Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. as a source of many colours
Authors: Schmidt-Przewoźna Katarzyna , Villavicencio Anna Morales , Kicińska-Jakubowska Anna , Zajączek Karolina , Brandys Anna
Published: April 2020

Introduction:
Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. is an annual plant with small flowers in yellow and claret. In dyeing process, a whole range of colours can be obtained using various methods.

Objective: The aim of the study was to present a wide range of colors of the little-known plant C. tinctoria. and its health promoting properties.

Methods: In our research, we selected 3 types of wool: Polish Merino, Żelaźnieńska, and Polish Lowland Sheep and compared the colours obtained on these wools using 6 dyeing methods.

Results: The results indicate that the basic colour of wool influences the intensity of colour after dyeing as well as the type of the used mordant, which determines the obtained colour. A whole range of very intense colours was obtained from very small flowers of C. tinctoria.

Conclusions: Flowers are a very good and efficient raw material that gives intense colors on wool. An additional advantage is the plant's health-promoting properties. The plant is still little explored in this respect.
Variability of composition of essential oil and coumarin compounds of Angelica archangelica L.
Authors: Forycka Anna , Buchwald Waldemar
Published: April 2020

The medicinal and culinary properties of Angelica archangelica L. have been known and valued since the Middle Ages. Ingredients of essential oil and coumarins found in this plant are to a large degree responsible for its pharmacological activity. This study is a review of the literature of the most important biologically active compounds present in herbal raw materials: root (rhizome with roots) and angelica fruits. Research shows that the content of individual compounds of the essential oil and coumarin fraction is variable, which may point to a large intraspecific variation. Therefore, these compounds may be good markers for identifying taxa or chemotypes in chemotaxonomic research valuable for the herbal medicine and pharmaceutical industry.
Covid-19 Pandemic; Recession, Virtual Revolution Leading to De-globalization?
Authors: Sułkowski Łukasz
Published: April 2020

Objective: The article is an attempt to make a diagnosis about the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on global trends, including organizational processes in enterprises, and challenges for organization leaders in many areas. Issues such as recession phase in which the economy will find itself, de-globalization and the increase in virtualization of both the economy and entire societies are discussed in the article.

Methodology: The research method is a review of the literature, not very extensive, on the subject. There is a lack of research on social and cultural consequences of Covid-19 pandemics, and at the same time we are experiencing a flood of media information. The author is aware that impact assessment is subject to uncertainty and that it must be multidimensional.

Findings: The review of the literature, as well as reports from financial institutions, show that the economies of individual countries are entering a phase of stagnation and recession. This will probably lead to a global recession. The text indicates the sectors and types of enterprises that will be most affected by the changes. The article proves that governments’ attitude to health care functions may change, as well as the role of states and international financial institutions. Virtualization of communication seems to be an important change. It is difficult to answer the question whether a pandemic will affect globalization or de-globalization, government decisions at national level are significant, but they draw from international experience.

Value Added: The article becomes an important voice on the impact of a pandemic on the functioning of the economy and globalization.

Recommendations: A question was posed demanding further analyses: whether strengthening the central government would mean de-globalization tendencies. It seems that the virtualization of social and economic life will continue after the pandemic expires, which needs to be confirmed. The impact of the pandemic on the world should be the subject of many research studies in the future.
Understanding Uncertainty and Risk in Management
Authors: Jedynak Piotr , Bąk Sylwia
Published: April 2020

Objective: The purpose of this text is to identify approaches to defining and subsequently reviewing the definitions of uncertainty and risk as interdisciplinary terms which are of key importance in modern management.

Methodology: The work is theoretical. The main method used in the research process was the analysis of scientific literature. A one-dimensional logical classification method was also used, in order to categorize approaches to defining uncertainty and risk, satisfying the exhaustive and mutually exclusive criteria in the selection of categories of approaches.

Findings: The main results of the work are: 1) identification of approaches to defining uncertainty and risk, 2) interdisciplinary review of definitions of uncertainty and risk indicating the criteria to distinguish between the two, and 3) determination of the meaning of the terms uncertainty and risk in modern management.

Value Added: Considering the approaches to defining uncertainty and risk taken from many fields and disciplines of science, this text is a compendium of theoretical knowledge for the proper understanding and meaning of these concepts in management.

Recommendations: The research findings can have implications for both management theory as well as the practice of organization management.
Alveolar proteinosis – disease with unpredictable evolution (series of clinical cases)
Authors: Macri Anca , Stoica Radu
Published: April 2020

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease, certainly underdiagnosed, characterised by the intra-alveolar accumulation of a milky fluid rich in phospholipids and lipoproteins derived from alveolar surfactant, positive in periodic acid-Schiff staining. The alveolar macrophage plays a major role in the pathogenesis of PAP, and its role in the turn-over of alveolar surfactant is being altered by various mechanisms.

More than 90% of cases of PAP are primary autoimmune, characterised by the presence in serum of circulating autoantibodies against granulocyte-macrophages colony-stimulating factor. Other causes of PAP are genetic, secondary to other diseases or to exposure to different agents.

The evolution of the disease is unpredictable, from spontaneous remission to progression despite treatment towards pulmonary fibrosis and chronic severe respiratory failure. The gold standard of therapy is the whole lung lavage, other treatments are being still in evaluation.

The article presents a few cases that illustrate different patterns in the evolution of PAP.
Going Out into the World: the “Strategic Approach” of Jewish Members of the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire, 1900-1939
Authors: Klassen Magdalene
Published: April 2020

The Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire (IODE) was a non-sectarian women’s patriotic association that sought to bolster Canada’s British character. During the interwar period, members dedicated themselves to the “canadianization” of non-British immigrants. Though the Order was overwhelmingly Anglo-Protestant, many established Jewish women joined, embodying a “strategic” approach to humanitarianism. This paper concentrates on the participation of two sisters who joined non-denominational chapters, Irene Wolff and Rosetta Joseph, as well as Montreal’s Jewish “Grace Aguilar” chapter. By joining the Order, these elite Jewish women sought to establish a relation of imperial kinship that could influence dominant Anglo-Canadian perceptions of and policy towards the nation’s Jewish citizens. The efforts of these women suggest the limits and possibilities of a preservationist respectability politics: by the interwar period, the IODE’s vision of British supremacy was increasingly obsolete and demographic changes had irrevocably transformed the character of Canadian Jewish life.
De la reactivación a la crisis: la industria argentina durante el ciclo de gobiernos kirchneristas
Authors: Manzanelli Pablo , Calvo Daniela
Published: April 2020

El presente trabajo analiza las transformaciones registradas en el desempeño de la industria manufacturera argentina en el período 2003-2015, poniendo el énfasis en las causas de la fase de contracción sectorial que se advierte a partir de 2012. El supuesto es que la interrupción del crecimiento industrial, en el marco de la denominada “restricción externa”, obedeció a un extenso período de subinversión en el ámbito manufacturero. En tal sentido, los hallazgos de esta investigación ponen en evidencia el reducido nivel de inversión de las grandes empresas industriales. Un aspecto novedoso, dada la ausencia de evidencias empíricas que permitan analizar la inversión sectorial en el sistema estadístico argentino.
Entre asilos y hospitales psiquiátricos. Una reflexión historiográfica sobre el programa institucional de atención a la locura en Colombia
Authors: Castrillón-Valderrutén María del Carmen
Published: April 2020

Este artículo presenta algunos elementos historiográficos de las instituciones psiquiátricas en el país, que fueron significativos en el proceso de modernización de la atención de la enfermedad mental en la primera mitad del siglo XX. Se busca caracterizar tanto los establecimientos psiquiátricos como los agentes expertos, en tanto productores de la modernización de la salud pública en Colombia. Para ello, se revisó un conjunto de investigaciones nacionales desarrolladas con diversas fuentes del campo psiquiátrico, que dan cuenta de las contradicciones entre estado real de los manicomios y los proyectos de cambio institucional. Los elementos historiográficos, presentados en la primera mitad del siglo XX, evidencian una fuerte tensión entre la lógica asilar –asentada en la terapéutica moral del encierro y la lógica psiquiátrica especializada– que pretendía traducir los síntomas anormales con el lenguaje de la medicalización, en el marco de los nuevos discursos nosológicos de los manuales diagnósticos y estadísticos de los trastornos mentales.
Profiles of patients with psoriasis for appointment gene-engineering biological therapy — clinical justification
Authors: Zhukov Alexander S. , Khotko Alkes A. , Khairutdinov Vladislav R. , Samtsov Aleksey V.
Published: April 2020

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated disease with predominant damage to the skin and musculoskeletal system.

This paper describes the clinical manifestations of psoriasis requiring a special therapeutic approach. The profiles of patients who showed the early assignment of genetic engineering biological therapy: patients with moderate and severe psoriasis, with rashes of problem localization (skin of the face, scalp, genital area and palmar-plantar region), with severe psoriatic lesion of the nail plates, as well as psoriatic arthritis.

Clinical cases of rapid and pronounced resolution of rashes with the use of the new drug netakimab (Efleira) in a dosage of 120 mg according to the standard regimen psoriasis patients with indications for systemic or phototherapy.
Congenital epidermolysis bullosa: modern methods of diagnosis and therapy. Prospects for regenerative medicine
Authors: Kubanov Alexey A. , Karamova Arfenya E. , Monchakovskaya Ekaterina S.
Published: April 2020

Congenital epidermolysis bullosa is a clinically and genetically heterogenous group of hereditary skin diseases characterized by the formation of bullae and/or erosions in response to insignificant mechanical effect. The variety and severity of clinical manifestations of the disease determine the early disablement of patients and the decrease in the quality of life, which requires the development of pathogenetic and etiological methods of treatment. Methods of gene therapy are the most promising direction to study, since they can affect the cause of congenital epidermolysis bullosa.
Features of the course of syphilis in HIV infected patients
Authors: Koshkin S. V. , Evseeva A. L. , Ryabova V. V. , Kovrova O. S.
Published: April 2020

In the present article, relevant data on the characteristics of the course of infections transmitted through sexual contact (hereinafter STIs) are considered at the present stage. Particular attention is paid to mixed infections, in particular the combination of syphilis and HIV. Since the presence of both infections in a patient simultaneously significantly complicates the clinical picture, and also contributes to their spread in the population, which is an acute social problem. The article presents modern data on the epidemiology, level and dynamics of the incidence of syphilis and HIV infection in the Russian Federation, including among high-risk groups. Research data on the incidence of STIs (urogenital infections caused by Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma spp., Mycoplasma hominis, Chlamydia trachomatis, syphilis) and viral hepatitis B and C in 60 HIV-positive prisoners in the Kirov region are presented. The features of the development and course of syphilitic infection, the difficulties of diagnosis and therapy that occur with HIV are described. A case of own clinical observation of the malignant course of syphilis associated with HIV infection is presented. Both infections have been identified in the hospital where the patient is admitted with a diagnosis of spreading pyoderma, exhibited on the basis of complaints and clinical picture (ektimatoznye rash).
Prevalência dos fatores de risco da doença coronariana em paciente submetidos a revascularização do miocárdio
Authors: Tavares Mariana Miqueletti Gomes , Silveira Gérlia Bernardes da , Castro Gabriel Valentim de , Candido Sarah da Silva , Bachur Cynthia Antônia Kallas
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores de risco prevalentes para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analítico, retrospectivo, com levantamento dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doença arterial crônica, a partir da análise de prontuários de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica, no período de 2010 a 2016. Resultados: Foram selecionados 206 prontuários, sendo 60 (29,1%) do sexo feminino e 146 (70,8%) do sexo masculino, com idade média de 65,5 ± 8,45 e 63,5 ± 9,16, respectivamente. Os principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares identificados foram: classificação do índice de massa corporal, que apresentou grande percentual na categoria “Sobrepeso” 74 (46,8%), seguido por “Obesidade grau I” 46 (29,1%) e a Hipertensão arterial presente em 172 (83,4%) dos pacientes analisados. Conclusão: Medidas socioeducativas podem ser tomadas ou intensificadas para a prevenção da síndrome coronariana aguda e consequentemente da revascularização miocárdica, como a distribuição dos existentes guias nutricionais, programas de academias públicas, pistas de caminhada e estímulo de práticas saudáveis.
Déficit no autocuidado para banho: caracterização do diagnóstico de enfermagem em pacientes críticos
Authors: Toledo Luana Vieira , Sampaio Nádia Vaz , Salgado Patrícia de Oliveira , Brinati Lídia Miranda , Domingos Camila Santana , De Souza Cristiane Chaves , Ercole Flávia Falci
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência das características definidoras e dos fatores relacionados ao diagnóstico de enfermagem “déficit no autocuidado para banho” entre os pacientes adultos críticos. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo, conduzido com 51 pacientes internados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, entre fevereiro e abril de 2018. Os dados de caracterização sociodemográfica e clinica foram coletados no prontuário. Os dados referentes ao Diagnóstico de Enfermagem: Déficit no autocuidado para banho foram obtidos a partir da observação direta do paciente. Realizou-se a estatística descritiva. O estudo foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Houve um predomínio de pacientes idosos (33 - 64,7%), do sexo masculino (28 - 54,9%), considerados brancos (26 - 51,0%), que evoluíram para a alta (43 – 84,3%). A prevalência do “Déficit no autocuidado para banho” foi de 100,0% entre os pacientes. A capacidade prejudicada para acessar a fonte de água, acessar o banheiro e pegar os artigos para banho foram as características definidoras apresentadas por todos os pacientes (51 - 100,0%). Entre os fatores relacionados, o mais prevalente (100,0%) foi a barreira ambiental. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os pacientes críticos possuem limitações para a manutenção da sua higiene corporal, sendo dependentes da equipe de enfermagem.
Study of endometrial thickness and pregnancy outcome following induction of ovulation and intrauterine insemination in primary infertility
Authors: Nathani Sweta , Mistri Pallab Kumar
Published: April 2020

Objective:

Infertility affects approximately 10–15% of couples. Assessment of the endometrium with ultrasound has become a standard procedure during the diagnostic workup and treatment of infertility. Our study was designed to investigate whether endometrial thickness on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration is a predictor of intrauterine insemination (IUI) success as the primary outcome.

Materials and Methods:

In the prospective observational study, a serial transvaginal ultrasound scan was performed to measure endometrial thickness following ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate and IUI. One hundred and nine IUI cycles were chosen and the outcome was measured in terms of whether pregnancy occurred or not.

Results:

There was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001) between the two groups with respect to mean endometrial thickness (mm). It was also seen significantly higher numbers of pregnancy in Group A (endometrial thickness ≥ 7 mm).

Conclusion:

The present study identified a statistically significant difference in mean endometrial thickness between cycles that resulted in pregnancy and those did not. Consequently, clinicians providing IUI for infertile couples must pay close attention to endometrial development.
Phenytoin-induced aplastic anemia in generalized tonic clonic seizures patient: A case report
Authors: Bindu P. Hima , Naik S. Vinod , Krishnaveni Paruvelli , Paparayudu Gundapaneni , Lal Varun
Published: April 2020

Aplastic anemia is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by pancytopenia of the peripheral blood and hypocellular bone marrow. Phenytoin is the most commonly and most widely used anticonvulsant, which is used for the prevention and treatment of generalized seizures, partial seizures, and status epileptics. The main aim of the study is to enlighten the drug-related problem and address such problems to prevent the occurrence of adverse event and optimizing drug therapy. Here, we present a case of a 35-year-old female patient who was admitted with complaints of fever, breathlessness, and lower limb swelling. She is a known case of hypertension and generalized tonic clonic seizures for which was taking tablet amlodipine and tablet phenytoin from 5 and 2 years, respectively, after which the patient developed aplastic anemia.
Association between male body mass index and semen parameters
Authors: Puri Vandana , Sharma Shuchita , Gaur Kavita , Sharma Sunita , Shukla Shailaja
Published: April 2020

Objective:

Obesity is a modern-day epidemic. Body mass index (BMI) is an easily computed surrogate marker of obesity. The incidence of obesity has paralleled the incidence of male infertility. The evidence of the association between BMI and semen parameters stays rather inconclusive. The aim of this study was to understand the association between BMI and semen parameters of male subjects evaluated at the infertility clinic.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was conducted on 410 male subjects (>18 years of age) who were referred to clinical pathology from the infertility clinic. Semen analysis for macroscopic parameters – total sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and viability, was done as per the guidelines laid by the WHO (WHO-5th edition 2010).

Results:

All the semen parameters showed higher aberrations in the obese group than the normal BMI group. However, on Pearson Chi-square analysis, none of these differences were found to be statistically significant (P > 0.05). On Pearson correlation analysis, none of the parameters showed a statistically significant correlation with BMI.

Conclusion:

The present study did not find any statistically significant differences for the commonly measured semen parameters, among the three BMI groups. We thus conclude that increased BMI or obesity has no significant impact on the semen parameters.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA TOKOH BONAR SI PENJAGA SUNGAI KARYA YULHASNI
Authors: Mizkat Eva
Published: April 2020

Karya sastra yang baik hendaknya dapat memberikan nilai-nilai pendidikan kepada pembacanya selain sifatnya yang menghibur. Untuk menemukan nilai-nilai pendidikan di dalam karya sastra, diperlukan pula keterampilan membaca, terutama karya sastra yang diperuntukkan untuk usia anak-anak. Hendaknya pengarang juga memerhatikan kosakata dan unsur pembentuk karya sastra (unsur intrinsik dan ekstrinsik) yang akan disuguhkan kepada anak-anak dengan konflik cerita yang disesuaikan dengan tingkatan pekembangan dan daya nalarnya juga. Oleh karena itu, dalam usaha mengadakan buku sastra untuk anak, Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara telah mengadakan sayembara menulis cerita anak dan pada tahun 2017 lalu diperoleh 5 pemenang. Dari kelima karya itu, penulis menganalisis nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang terdapat pada cerita anak yang berjudul Bonar Si Penjaga Sungai karya Yulhasni. Hal ini dilakukan sebagai usaha mengapresiasi hasil karya sastra yang dihasilkan oleh pengarang lokal, khususnya yang berasal dari Sumatera Utara. Analisis ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik, yaitu menelaah nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dari karakterstik tokoh utamanya melalui pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik. Dari kedelapan belas nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang diacu berdasarkan Kemdiknas tahun 2010, penulis menemukan sembilan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dari karakteristik tokoh utama cerita tersebut. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter: religius, toleransi, disiplin, mandiri, rasa ingin tahu, bersahabat/komunikatif, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, dan tanggung jawab.
UPAYA PEMERTAHANAN BAHASA DAERAH BESEMAH SEBAGAI BAGIAN PELESTARIAN KEARIFAN LOKAL
Authors: Saputra Hendro
Published: April 2020

Pemertahanan bahasa berkaitan dengan sikap penutur bahasa untuk menggunakan bahasa itu di tengah bahasa lainnya yang ada di masyarakat. Bahasa Besemah merupakan salah satu bagian  kebudayaan nasional yang dijamin keberadaannya oleh negara. Oleh karena itu, tugas masyarakat penuturnya ialah menjaga keberadaan bahasa itu agar tidak punah. Permasalahan yang muncul ialah bagaimana upaya pemertahanan bahasa Besemah sebagai pelestarian kearifan lokal. Tujuannya ialah untuk mendeskripsikan upaya pemertahanan bahasa besemah sebagai pelestarian kearifan lokal. Metode yang digunakan ialah deskriptif dengan sumber data primer dan skunder yang dikumpulkan melalui metode cakap dan studi pustaka. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menjawab permasalahan yang muncul. Hasilnya, banyak upaya  yang dapat dilakukan untuk mempertahankan keberadaan bahasa Besemah, misalnya dengan melaksanakan pembinaan kepada masyarakat penuturnya dan melaksanakan penelitian kebahasaan untuk dokumentasi. Dengan demikian, pemertahanan bahasa Besemah perlu dilakukan oleh semua pihak agar tidak punah.
Analisis Narasi Najwa Shihab Terkait Komentar Hotman Paris (Kajian Semantik
Authors: Hutabarat Susanna
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the meaning of the narrative presented by Najwa Shihab which received comments from Hotman Paris Hutapea. This research used qualitative descriptive method, because its purpose is to express the meaning of text. The result of this study prove that there is no element of insulting or degrading the good name of the presented by Najwa Shihab as presented by Hotman Paris. The narrative leads to the condition of not received justice from the state related to the case of splashing hard water.
STRUKTUR KALIMAT KAUSATIF DALAM BAHASA ACEH SINGKIL: ANALISIS TEORI X-BAR
Authors: Sari Syafriani
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini adalah analisis kalimat kausatif dalam bahasa Aceh Singkil. Kalimat kausatif bahasa Aceh Singkil merupakan kalimat yang melibatkan dua komponen atau kejadian sebab akibat. Di dalam konstruksi ini dikenal juga dengan konstruksi morfologis, sintaktis dan semantis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak. Kemudian data dianalisis dan disajikan dengan metode formal dan informal. Tulisan ini menganalisis struktur kalimat kausatif tersebut menggunakan teori X-Bar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur dasar kalimat kausatif dibentuk dari spesifier, infleksi, dan frasa verba.
PERKEMBANGAN KRITIK SASTRA DI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Erwany Lela
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini memaparkan sumbangsih  para sastrawan dan kritikus Sumatera Utara dalam perkembangan sastra Indonesia. Para sastrawan yang lahir di Sumatera Utara telah memberi bukti keandalannya dalam menemukan estetika baru dalam karya sastra Indonesia. Para sastrawan dengan latar belakangnya dapat mengangkat budaya daerah masing-masing dalam karyanya. Tujuan  penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan  perkembangan sastra dan kritik sastra di Sumatera Utara, serta mendeskripsikan  model kritik  sastra di  Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kritik sastra di Sumatera Utara dimulai pada tahun 1980-an oleh para sastrawan yang menulis artikel berisi ulasan, resensi, timbangan, dan esai pada surat kabar Sinar Indonesia Baru dalam rubrik Abrakadabra yang telah banyak membuka ruang kreatif bagi para sastrawan, wartawan, kolumnis dan sarjana sastra. Model kritik sastra yang ada di Sumatera Utara adalah kritik akademis yang ditulis di perguruan tinggi, kritik sastra akademis yang ditulis untuk proyek penelitian, kritik sastra akademis yang ditulis untuk seminar atau simposium sastra, dan kritik sastra popular yang ditulis untuk surat kabar dan majalah. Kritik sastra feminis  sudah berkembang di Sumatera Utara yang mulai oleh kalangan akademisi di USU dan UNIMED.
Fashions in Prayer Exhibit the Mysterious Love of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) to Allah (SWT)
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Abul
Published: April 2020

This study presents a structural view of the mysterious love of Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihe Wasallam: SAW) to Allah (Subhanahu-Wa-Taâ€™ala: SWT) through the body fashions in prayer (Salah). The fashions in the unit of prayer (one Rakâ€™ah Salah) are the sequence of (1) stand upright facing the direction of Al-Ka'bah, (2) bow down (Ruku), (3) stand up and (4) prostration (Sujood). In this study, the fashions in prayer were analyzed from the structural view point of human body. These observations have shown that the four fashions of body in a one unit (rakâ€™ah) prayer represent the structure of four Arabic letters: (1) Alif (Â  ), (2) Lam (Â Â  ), (3) Lam (Â Â  ) and (4) Ha (Â Â  ). Consequent arrangement of these four letters leading the structure of Arabic word Allah (Â Â Â Â  Â Â Â ) which means the performing of one rakâ€™ah salah, providing the internal written of the name of Allah (Â Â Â Â  Â Â ). Thus the Muslims become close to Allah (SWT) by performing prayer. Again, the recent development in medical science has shown that the skeleton structure of human body represents the structure of the Arabic word Muhammad Â Â Â Â Â Â (Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Â Â Â Â )Â  (SAW) (American Journal of Medical Science and Medicine, Vol. 6, No. 1, page 1-4, January 2018). Therefore, as a whole, the fashions in prayer represent the internal written of the name of Allah Â Â Â Â Â Â (Â Â Â  Â Â ) (SWT) through the name of prophet Muhammad (SAW) as the structure of human body. These body fashions in prayer, practiced by Prophet Muhammad (SAW), exhibited the greatest love of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) to Allah (SWT).
PEMAKNAAN RUMAH BERDASARKAN ASPEK KOSMOLOGI DALAM KEBUDAYAAN SUMBA BARAT OBJEK STUDI: RUMAH TARA MANU DI KAMPUNG WEE LEWO
Authors: Aaron Rosimin ; Caecilia S. Wijayaputri Aurelius
Published: April 2020

Abstrak- Kampung adat Wee Lewo merupakan salah satu kawasan konservasi kebudayaan yang masih memegang erat tradisi dan budaya yang diterapkan secara turun-temurun. Di kampung adat Wee Lewo ditemukan adanya keunikan pada rumah adat tradisionalnya yang penggunaannya tidak dikhususkan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan penggunanya saja, namun juga melingkupi kebutuhan teologis dan kebutuhan tradisi yang melingkupi relasi manusia secara horizontal dan secara vertikal. Rumah adat Tara manu dipilih karena memiliki data yang lengkap dan memiliki tatanan ruang berbeda dari rumah adat lainnya yang ada di kampung adat Wee LewoMetode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif dengan memaparkan analisa objek berdasarkan kosmologi yang ada di dalam budaya Sumba, yang kemudian dijelaskan melalui keberadaan elemen arsitektur yang ada di dalamnya. Data-data yang diambil sebagai bahan analisa merupakan data fisik dan data objek yang bisa didapatkan melalui survey lapangan dan wawancara narasumber yang berkaitan. Proses analisa dilakukan dengan cara meneliti seluruh aktifitas dan pemahaman lokal tentang rumah adat yang kemudian dikaji secara komprehensif menggunakan teori kosmologi dari budaya Sumba.Analisa kosmologi dalam budaya Sumba terhadap elemen-elemen arsitektur yang ada di dalam rumah adat Sumba dapat ditarik suatu kesimpulan bahwa rumah adat merupakan tempat untuk berkumpul bagi penggunanya baik secara berkeluarga dan berkoloni; rumah adat juga merupakan perwujudan dari Marapu yang senantiasa hadir diantara pengguna rumah adat; di rumah adat juga terdapat keseimbangan yang saling berhubungan satu sama lain namun keduanya tidak bisa dipisahkan.
KETERHUBUNGAN SENSOR INDRA ANAK DENGAN ELEMEN ARSITEKTURAL TAMAN LALU LINTAS ADE IRMA SURYANI NASUTION
Authors: Koestantijo ; Roni Sugiarto Hera Octavia
Published: April 2020

Abstrak- Ruang publik memegang peranan penting bagi suatu wilayah. Sebagai wadah aktivitas komunal, ruang publik perlu diintegrasikan pada perancangan kota secara menyeluruh. Sayangnya, para arsitek dan perancang kota sering melupakan bahwa subjek pengguna ruang publik tidak hanya orang dewasa. Anak-anak juga memerlukan adanya ruang publik sebagai tempat mereka untuk tumbuh dan berkembang. Proses perkembangan awal manusia atau lebih dikenal sebagai fase kanak-kanak perlu diakomodasi oleh wadah yang memadai, salah satu caranya adalah dengan perancangan area publik yang ramah anak. Area publik anak perlu menumbuhkan minat anak dalam mengenal lingkungan tanpa melupakan pengalaman yang menyenangkan selama berkegiatan di dalamnya. Area bermain dianggap sebagai bentuk ruang publik yang baik untuk anak-anak, terutama dalam tahapan pengenalan interaksi sosial serta stimulasi sensor indra. Tumbuh kembang anak sangat dipengaruhi oleh peran sensor indra, terutama indra peraba dan penglihatan. Dua hal ini menjadi titik fokus penelitian penyesuaian anak dengan elemen arsitektural ruang publik ramah anak.Pada lingkup Bandung, Taman Lalu Lintas Ade Irma Suryani Nasution merupakan salah satu ruang publik ramah anak yang terletak di tengah kota dan kerap kali ramai dikunjungi keluarga serta anak-anak. Pada tahun 2017 silam, taman ini mengalami revitalisasi besar oleh Labo+ Architecture and Design yang menajamkan kembali visi Yayasan Taman Lalu Lintas mengenai edukasi pejalan kaki dan pengendara. Ruang publik ramah anak ini menjadi elemen kota yang penting untuk dibahas dan diteliti lebih lanjut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mendata karakteristik material area bermain anak, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis perilaku dan preferensi anak-anak. Teknik observasi dipilih dalam proses penelitian, dengan jumlah sampel 30 balita dan atau anak-anak.Proses pembelajaran anak berlangsung pada area bermain. Pengalaman anak dalam mempelajari lingkungannya sangat dipengaruhi oleh penampilan visual serta bentuk dan tekstur material sarana bermain yang tersedia. Stimulus lingkungan fisik baik alami maupun buatan rupanya sangat berpengaruh pada respon anak-anak yang terlihat dari ekspresi wajah. Rupanya, pengalaman bermain pada Taman Lalu Lintas Ade Irma Suryani Nasution meninggalkan kesan yang positif pada anak-anak yang datang.
VISIBILITY MONUMEN PERJUANGAN RAKYAT JAWA BARAT SEBAGAI LANDMARK KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Pangestu ; Yasmin Suriansyah Ludowikus Panduhadi
Published: April 2020

Abstrak - Monumen Perjuangan Rakyat Jawa Barat (MPRJB) adalah sebuah elemen kota yang dibangun untuk menjadi landmark kota. Elemen kota tersebut dibangun dengan tujuan memperingati perjuangan rakyat Jawa Barat melawan penjajah. Monumen ini merupakan salah satu Primary Element of Bandung dalam kawasan Gedung Sate – Lapangan Gasibu – MPRJB. Kawasan tersebut merupakan ruang kota yang sangat unik yang mampu mengarahkan orientasi menuju Gunung Tangkuban Parahu karena terbentuk axis imajiner yang ditarik dari Gedung Sate menuju MPRJB, sehingga Monumen Perjuangan Rakyat Jawa Barat tidak bisa lepas dari kawasan ini dan berpotensi dalam menandakan kawasan tersebut atau sering disebut sebagai landmark.Seiring berkembangnya kota, terjadi perubahan fisik pada kawasan Gedung Sate – MPRJB seperti; tumbuhnya intensitas bangunan menjadi tinggi serta muncul infrastruktur seperti jembatan dan pelebaran jalan yang menyebabkan pergerakan dalam kota menjadi cepat. Hal tersebut akan berpengaruh terhadap terhalangnya visual MPRJB akibat perkembangan fisik kota serta perubahan cara pengamat dalam mengamati kota dari diam menjadi bergerak. Isu tersebut menjadi menarik untuk diteliti seberapa jauh perkembangan fisik kota dan elemen di dalamnya dalam menghalangi visual MPRJB. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi seberapa besar visibility MPRJB sebagai landmark dan elemen kota apa saja yang mampu menghalangi atau mendukung visibility MPRJB.Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif terhadap visibility fisik massa MPRJB. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan keadaan eksisting MPRJB melalui rekaman gambar titik-titik sekuensial (serial vision) lalu disegmentasikan untuk mendapatkan perbandingan siluet MPRJB dengan objek sekitarnya dalam scene tersebut. Setelah itu diberi skor dari tiap masing-masing titik dan dibandingkan dengan teori visibility suatu objek dalam berperan menjadi landmark. Data kawasan MPRJB dikumpulkan dengan cara observasi lapangan dan studi pustaka. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa foto dokumentasi pada titik sekuensial, data objek pelingkup yang berada di kawasan MPRJB, dan data kegiatan pengamat yang berpotensi dapat melihat MPRJB yang digunakan untuk mencari tahu seberapa besar visibility MPRJB dan objek apa saja yang menghalangi atau mendukung visibility MPRJB.Hasilnya adalah tingkat visibility MPRJB di titik-titik sekuensial mayoritas di rendah dalam perannya sebagai landmark Kota Bandung karena banyaknya objek yang menghalangi visual dari MPRJB. Semakin tinggi visibility suatu objek maka semakin tinggi peran suatu objek menjadi landmark untuk diingat dan dijadikan orientasi oleh pengamat kota. Temuan lain berupa daftar identifikasi objek penghalang dan pendukung visibility MPRJB yang dapat digunakan dalam penelitian selanjutnya untuk meningkatkan visibility MPRJB.
Argumentos de la industria alimentaria en contra del etiquetado frontal de advertencias nutricionales en Uruguay
Authors: Ares Gastón , Bove Isabel , Díaz Rodrigo , Moratorio Ximena , Benia Wilson , Gomes Fabio
Published: April 2020

Objetivo. Identificar los argumentos de la industria alimentaria en contra del etiquetado frontal de advertenciasnutricionales en Uruguay.

Métodos. Se realizó un análisis de contenido de los comentarios de la industria alimentaria recibidos durante la consulta pública implementada durante el proceso de diseño del decreto que reglamenta la inclusión de rotulación nutricional frontal basada en advertencias en Uruguay mediante una codificación inductiva.

Resultados. La mayoría de los comentarios manifestaron la preocupación por la elevada prevalencia de obesidad y enfermedades no transmisibles en el país y destacaron el compromiso con la implementación de acciones que contribuyan a combatir esta problemática de salud. Sin embargo, 81% de los comentarios planteó desacuerdo con la propuesta de decreto elevada a consulta pública y realizó críticas generales sobre su validez. El contenido de los comentarios se relacionó con siete dimensiones: falta de justificación de la medida, violación de compromisos internacionales, críticas al sistema de advertencias, discriminación a alimentos industrializados envasados, críticas al modelo de perfil de nutrientes, otras críticas a aspectos específicos del proyecto de decreto y efectos económicos negativos. En cada dimensión se discute la pertinencia y consistencia técnica y normativa de los contenidos vertidos por los representantes de la industria.

Conclusiones. Bajo un aparente acuerdo con la necesidad de adoptar medidas, se evidenció, sin embargo, una fuerte oposición a la política y en particular al sistema de advertencias por parte de la industria alimentaria. Los resultados del análisis aportan insumos para facilitar el proceso de implementación de regulaciones similares en otros países.
Human Rights in the Hungarian Labour Code
Authors: Szakats Alexander
Published: April 2020

Protection of human rights, particularly the rights of persons working in the free market economy, features prominently in the Hungarian Labour Code enacted after the great political and economic change.  As the state ceased to be the only, or the principal employer, either directly or in the guise of various "voluntary" cooperatives, the proliferation of private enterprises necessitated a law to regulate labour relations between the employers and employees.  In this article Professor Szakats provides an overview of the Code by selecting certain provisions which emphasise human rights, and comparing them with the corresponding New Zealand statutory protection, and relevant ILO Conventions and Recommendations.
Regulation of International Trade in Korea under the WTO Mechanism
Authors: Lee Eun Sup
Published: April 2020

This article discusses the development of the trade laws of the Republic of Korea  and the important features of the Foreign Trade Act (amended substantially in 1996) and demonstrates the legislative efforts made by the Korean Government to open the domestic market and establish the  fair trade system and practices which have been demanded by WTO and major trading partners.
Governance, Sovereignty and Globalisation
Authors: Keith Kenneth J
Published: April 2020

The 5th Biennial Conference of the NZ Council of Trade Unions had as its main theme "The Next Decade - Te Takau Heke Iho".  In his address to that conference Sir Kenneth Keith spoke about the end of democracy and of the nation state.  Sir Kenneth discussed the role of international law in globalisation, and the transformation of the organisation of public powers.  Key areas of international activity were examined and options for regulation were proposed, including public and private regulation.  Sir Kenneth noted the need for greater dissemination of information on international rules and treaties, including public involvement during treaty negotiation.  Finally, Sir Kenneth discussed implementation concluding that a mixture of national and international methods of implementation may be most appropriate.  The speech is reproduced here.
Asia Pacific Regional Organisations and Japanese Domestic Law
Authors: Hotta Makitaro
Published: April 2020

This is the first part of a two part article on the impact of regionalisation on domestic legal systems with reference to Japan.  Part I deals with international and regional organisations and their structure.  Domestic legal issues in Japan under Asia Pacific regionalism will be examined in Part II, with particular reference to human rights issues and will be published in the next issue of the Yearbook.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DENGAN PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL
Authors: Suastika I ketut , Rahmawati Amaylya
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul matematika dengan pendekatan kontekstual. Dalam penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada model pengembangan ADDIE. Pengembangan dilakukan melalui analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Fokus pada tulisan ini adalah memaparkan hasil implementasi dan evaluasinya untuk modul matematika yang telah dikembangkan. Evaluasi yang dilakukan pada implementasi ini adalah untuk melihat kepraktisan dan keefektifan modul. Kepraktisan modul dilihat dari hasil angket respon siswa dan angket respon guru. untuk keefektifan modul dilihat dari hasil posttest siswa. Hasil angket respon siswa diperoleh persentase rata-rata sebesar 79% dengan kriteria “baik”, sedangkan hasil angket respon guru adalah 95% dengan kriteria “sangat baik”, dan hasil posttest siswa mendapat persentase 68% dengan kriteria “baik”. Berdasarkan evaluasi yang dilakukan pada implementasi dapat dikatakan modul memenuhi kriteria “praktis” dan “efektif”.