bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate Governance in GCC countries: A bibliometric and content analysis
Authors: Batoun Faiza Abdalla Sheikh
Published: February 2025

This study aims to highlight the current trends in the literature on corporate governance in Gulf Cooperation Council countries by applying a bibliometric and content analysis of papers on corporate governance. This research intends to identify gaps in the corporate governance literature by conducting a complete bibliometric assessment. Design/methodology/approach- Bibliometric analysis is a quantitative approach to analyzing bibliographic data that focuses on the key theoretical and empirical contributions to a certain research subject. It enables a researcher to categorize the information according to many aspects, such as the paper, journal, author, indexation, organization, or country. This study reviews a total of 704 articles on corporate governance published in the GCC countries. Bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer, and content analysis was performed using the Bibliometrix package by R.

Findings – The research findings indicate that corporate governance research can be categorized into subfields. The results identify four major clusters: financial reporting quality, corporate social responsibility, earning management, and ownership types. This study also presents recommendations for future research in this field.

Practical implications – The findings of this study have implications for corporate governance research, such as the impact of earning management on environmental, social, and governance disclosure. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the only one to review the key corporate governance research topics on which papers published in the GCC are focused. It can be largely used for corporate governance practices.

Originality/value—This study provides an overview of how the literature on corporate governance research has developed in the region. It summarizes the most influential authors, countries, organizations, and journal sources. This provides an opportunity for further study in this area in future studies.
Validación de muestras, técnicas y estrategias de diagnóstico de virus emergentes (experiencia con COVID-19)
Authors: Shoji Kenji F. , Aleman Castillo Roxana , Aguirre-Villegas Horacio Andres , Arce Cardozo Rodrigo Karlop
Published: February 2025

Objetivos: actualmente, la técnica estándar de detección de virus qRT-PCR, requiere personal capacitado, equipos especializados y reactivos relativamente costosos. La técnica de amplificación isotérmica mediada por bucle, LAMP, ha resurgido como una alternativa prometedora previamente y durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y su estudio tiene potencial para el control de enfermedades infecciosas emergentes. Métodos: en este trabajo, presentamos un estudio comparativo realizado por el SEDES de Tarija en octubre del 2020 donde se comparó muestras de pacientes voluntarios utilizando RT-PCR y LAMP en muestras de hisopados nasofaríngeos y de saliva. Resultados: LAMP demostró una concordancia del 100% con PCR en muestras de ARN nasofaríngeo, y un 93,5% de concordancia con muestras de saliva. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico rápido y práctico de enfermedades infecciosas emergentes como el COVID-19 es crucial para establecer estrategias de control eficaces que minimicen el impacto económico y que a su vez maximicen la protección sobre sus ciudadanos. Nuestros resultados validan la sensibilidad de LAMP y el uso de muestras de saliva como alternativa menos invasiva. Este trabajo confirma la validez de la técnica y su fácil implementación en áreas rurales con recursos limitados para el control de enfermedades virales emergentes.
Investigation of Acoustic Impedance and Morphology of Vacuum-Thermally Evaporated Polypyrrole Layer and Its Potential for Quartz Crystal Microbalance Sensor
Authors: Yudyanto Yudyanto , Masruroh Masruroh , Santjojo Dionysius J.D.H. , Sakti Setyawan P. , Wardoyo Arinto Yudi Ponco
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the influence of the morphology of a polypyrrole (PPy) functional layer on the acoustic impedance and PPy-QCM characteristics. In this study, the PPy thin layer was deposited on 1 side of QCM, following the dimension of the Au electrode. The layer production method yielded a simple design of a PPy-functionalized QCM. The impedance and PPy-QCM characteristics were determined by impedance analysis and microscopic observation. A vacuum thermal evaporation technique was used to deposit the PPy layer on the top of the QCM, allowing vertical platelet structure formation. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images suggested that the deposition time increased the sizes of PPy but maintained their shapes. Analysis of impedance consisting of the conductance, bandwidth, and resonance frequency showed that changes in the layer morphology structure increased the resistance and the bandwidth (increasing energy dissipation and viscoelastic properties). As the deposition time increased from 10 to 50 s, the frequency shift experienced a significant increase from 6,000 to 32,000 Hz. This treatment also enlarged the bandwidth from 82 to 470 Hz. In addition, the impedance and load of QCM increased from 5.75 to 27.19 W and from 0.403 to 21.441 W, respectively. However, the deposition time in this range did not alter the stiffness properties of the layer. In other words, the thin PPy layer that was produced remained non-viscoelastic. The overall analyses in this study suggested that the PPy thin layer is promising for QCM sensing applications.
HIGHLIGHTS

Vacuum evaporation deposited polypyrrole consists of vertical platelet structures.
Morphological changes of platelets in the layer are controlled by deposition time.
The platelets’ shape and size determine the PPy-QCM impedance and characteristics.
Analysis was carried out by impedance spectroscopy and electron microscopy.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DOS ANOS INICIAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Torquato Cristina Aparecida de Oliveira , Sessa Patricia da Silva
Published: February 2025

O presente texto defende o argumento de que há urgência em repensarmos o currículo da formação inicial dos professores do Ensino Fundamental com vistas à apropriação e desenvolvimento da Alfabetização científica (AC), ao passo que assumimos inicialmente que a formação de professores se desenvolve em vários contextos e espaços que influenciam direta e indiretamente em sua atividade docente. Assim, a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza bibliográfica, deflagrada no processo de doutoramento, investigamos os cenários históricos brasileiros de modo a identificarmos elementos ou situações que caracterizam a formação de professores dos anos iniciais no Brasil à luz da AC. Ao analisar a formação inicial dos professores de anos iniciais no país, com lentes históricas, observamos um cenário de encontros e desencontros até a AC se estabelecer na educação superior; bem recentemente, em função da facilidade ao acesso às tecnologias, principalmente voltadas às mídias sociais, ou seja, apontamos a urgência em ressignificarmos os currículos de formação inicial, potencializando saberes docentes à luz da AC.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES PARA O ENSINO SUPERIOR EM MOÇAMBIQUE
Authors: Salia José Maria Pedro , Maloa Benvindo Felismino Samuel , Abacar Mussa
Published: February 2025

Este artigo focaliza a formação de professores para o ensino superior em Moçambique, como imperativo para a prática pedagógica. O método utilizado foi a análise crítica da literatura nacional e internacional atinente à formação de professores. A análise realizada indica que o ensino superior em Moçambique clama por uma formação à docência, pois, majoritariamente, os professores não têm qualificação psicopedagógica e sim formação superior na área de conhecimento que atuam. E ainda que se reconheça a deficiente formação dos graduados no ensino superior, não se vislumbram políticas e ações voltadas à formação didática-pedagógica dos professores, o que nos afigura contrário à educação de qualidade. A dimensão pedagógica e didática no exercício do magistério superior em Moçambique constitui desafio dos mais sérios e importantes problemas da qualidade de formação dos professores do ensino superior no país, a dar resposta para um ensino de qualidade. Por se tratar de assunto intimamente ligado à qualidade da educação, a formação de professores sob aspetos didáticos, metodológicos, planificação e avaliação da aprendizagem, articulando a teoria à prática, é basilar para a docência no ensino superior. E, para isso, é imperioso desenvolver propostas de formação de professores para o ensino superior e, por outro lado, investir na formação contínua, através de programas de desenvolvimento profissional e fomento de intercâmbios académicos e científicos.
O GESTOR ESCOLAR E A ABORDAGEM LÚDICA NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Campos Renato de Oliveira , Lopes Everton Silva Santos , Lima Alexandre Aparecido Alves , Sousa Ana Livia Mendes de
Published: February 2025

A formação docente nos Centros de Educação Infantil da cidade de São Paulo enfrenta desafios históricos e contemporâneos, especialmente relacionados à qualificação das práticas pedagógicas. A implementação de uma abordagem lúdica nos momentos do PEA (Projeto Especial de Ação), tem potencial para contribuir para a melhoria dessas práticas. Tem como objetivo principal apresentar uma discussão acerca de uma abordagem lúdica, fundamentada para os momentos de PEA. Realiza pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, analisando o documento do PEA com base no método de análise de conteúdo. A investigação discute sobre como a adoção de práticas lúdicas podem contribuir para a formação continuada dos professores, promovendo aprendizagens significativas, criatividade e reflexão crítica. Esclarece, ainda, o papel estratégico do gestor escolar na implementação e liderança de mudanças pedagógicas que favoreçam e superem as práticas colaborativas alinhadas às diretrizes curriculares. Por fim, reforça o potencial de superar resistências culturais da formação docente, sugerindo a formação de parcerias e a criação de condições para a incorporação efetiva da abordagem lúdica no contexto escolar.
RPG Game Demon Slayer: Shadows of the Moon
Authors: Mr. Aniket Devlekar  , Ms. Aakanksha Sankpal  , Mr. Ojas Patil  , Ms. Namrata Madhvi
Published: February 2025

"Demon Slayer: Shadows of the Moon" is a captivating 2D top-down RPG that invites players to step into the shoes of Tanjiro Kamado as he embarks on his harrowing journey inspired by Season 1 of the beloved anime. Set in a beautifully hand-drawn world reminiscent of Taisho-era Japan, players will navigate lush forests, eerie mountains, and bustling villages, all while confronting the dark forces of demons that threaten humanity.
Players will experience a rich narrative filled with emotional depth as they seek to avenge their family’s tragic fate and protect Tanjiro’s transformed sister, Nezuko. The game features engaging quests, character interactions, and challenging encounters with iconic demons, each requiring unique strategies and tactics to defeat.
Utilizing a dynamic combat system, players can switch between melee and ranged attacks, mastering a variety of breathing techniques and weapon styles as they level up and unlock powerful abilities. The top-down perspective enhances exploration and combat, allowing players to discover hidden secrets and treasures throughout their journey.
In "Demon Slayer: Shadows of the Moon," players will forge friendships, face moral dilemmas, and ultimately determine their path as a hero. Will you have the courage to confront the darkness and fulfill your destiny as a demon slayer? The fate of your world lies in your hands.
BIOÉTICA, LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS Y SU IMPORTANCIA EN EL PROFESIONAL DE LA COMUNICACIÓN SOCIAL
Authors: Murgas Edgardo , Prieto Alcira , Gómez Oscar , Alemán Emmanuel
Published: February 2025

La bioética vendría siendo una disciplina que abiertamente va dirigida a dar un impacto de forma práctica, en otras palabras, a dirigir la conducta del ser humano en situaciones determinadas, frente a elecciones que involucran juicios y la toma de resoluciones controversiales. Por ende, no puede ser limitado a ser solo un discurso dirigido a especialistas o un debate entre intelectuales. Más allá de crear una doctrina, la función de la bioética es la de poder lograr que la conciencia pública madure, lo cual podría llevar a personas que forman parte de la comunicación social, al momento de informar, puedan hacerlo de forma correcta. Dicho lo anterior, este artículo tiene el objetivo de probar que tan importante es la bioética y los derechos humanos para el profesional de la comunicación social. En el proceso de recolección de datos se ocupó el estudio explicativo, con la finalidad de proyectar información detallada sobre la bioética y los derechos humanos en el profesional de comunicación social, se utilizarán citas bibliográficas para darle seguimiento a la investigación, y sobre todo, entender más los distintos conceptos presentados en cuanto al tema.
IMPACTO DE LAS TECNOLOGÍAS EMERGENTES EN LA PRODUCCIÓN AUDIOVISUAL
Authors: Pedrechi Blanca
Published: February 2025

La producción audiovisual ha experimentado una revolución debido al avance de tecnologías emergentes como la realidad virtual (RV), inteligencia artificial (IA) y realidad aumentada (RA). Este estudio preliminar, basado en una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura y entrevistas con expertos del sector, analiza cómo estas tecnologías están transformando la creación y consumo de contenido audiovisual. Se destacan el uso de la RV para experiencias inmersivas, la IA para automatizar tareas de postproducción y la RA para enriquecer narrativas. Además, se abordan preocupaciones éticas y laborales, proponiendo la necesidad de marcos regulatorios para un uso responsable y ético en el futuro.
Influência do Extrato de Lúpulo nas Propriedades Físico-químicas e Sensoriais de Cervejas Artesanais
Authors: Bett Marielli , Melo Aline Resmini , Campos Débora de Pellegrin , Marques Carolina Resmini Melo
Published: February 2025

O Humulus Lupulus Linnaeus é amplamente utilizado na fabricação de cervejas por suas propriedades aromáticas e de amargor. Tradicionalmente, o lúpulo em pellet é incorporado à bebida, mas gera resíduos sólidos e demanda filtração. Este trabalho propôs a extração dos compostos de lúpulo das variedades Citra e Hallerthau Herkules por hidrodestilação, visando substituir o pellet e avaliar o impacto nas características físico-químicas e sensoriais da cerveja. Foram produzidos dois lotes de American Pale Ale, um com extrato de lúpulo e outro com pellet. Observou-se que a cerveja com extrato apresentou menor turbidez e perfil aromático mais acentuado. Sugeriu-se, contudo, que a otimização do método de extração, com técnicas alternativas ao CO2 supercrítico, pode potencializar compostos amargos e aprimorar o perfil sensorial do estilo. Concluiu-se que o uso de extrato de lúpulo é uma alternativa viável, promovendo produção mais limpa e com realce sensorial.
Artificial Intelligence based Transformation Projects-The Role of Data Sciences (RDS)
Authors: Trad Antoine
Published: February 2025

The Applied Polymathical/Holistic Mathematical Model for Integrating Data Sciences (AHMM4IDS) supports Enterprise’s transformation projects (simply Project). The AHMM4IDS uses various Mathematical Models (MM), that abstract, incorporate, and integrate Data Sciences (DS), AI-Subdomains, Information Communication System (ICS) components with Project’s transformed resources. Transformed resources can be services (and artefacts), success factors (or calibration variables), business processes (and scenarios), mixed-methods, AI-Models, and adequate Enterprise Architecture (EA) Models (EAM). MMs, mixed-methods’ based services, artefacts, and EAMs can be used to establish set of DS Patterns (DSP) that include DS technics/capabilities, data-platforms’ access (and management), algorithms-functions, mapping concepts, unbundled services; to model and implement Decision Making Processes’ (DMP) related infrastructure, data-storage(s), components-models, and end-users’ integration. The integration of DSPs enforces and automated DMPs, Project’s validity-checking, and Gap Analysis (GAPA); which all need adapted interfaces to access Enterprise, Project, Data-storage(s), ICS, EAMs, pool(s) of Artificial Intelligence (AI) services, and other types of resources. On the other hand, DSPs communicate with other, by using Project’s and AI components; and can use also various medias-types formats, like the eXtensible Markup Language (XML) format, and many others. Imported (or exported) DSs’ contents and structures are combined with other Project’s artefacts and components, to deliver DSPs for various AI-Subdomains.
Optimizing Deep Learning Models for Osteoporosis Detection: A Case Study on Knee X-Ray Images using Transfer Learning
Authors: Alden Zahraa Shams , Ata Oguz
Published: February 2025

Medical image analysis is a very risen area of study and the speed and precision necessary in medical image analysis. Deep learningmay aid in resolving medical image processing issues including labelled datasets by experts to learn effectively.In the medical field, working with limited access to large volumes of labeled data can present significant challenges. Another challenge is the complexity of medical data. Therefore, this study proposed a deep neural network-based model for medical imaging to detect osteoporosis using transfer learning with MobileNetV2. Class weights are used to alleviate class imbalance, and the learning rate schedule improves model adaptability. The model was created in two variants: one with a learning rate schedule and class weights with an accuracy of 96%, and the second model with only a learning rate schedule with an accuracy of 94%. The anticipated experimental results should illustrate the efficiency of the proposed framework for the future designing of deep learningmodels for predicting bone fracture and speeding up medical data analysis and interpretation.
Comparison of Training for Hand Gesture Recognition for Synthetic and Real Datasets
Authors: Dhulipala Pranav Vaidik , Oncken Samuel , Claypool Steven , Kalafatis Stavros
Published: February 2025

Human gesture recognition is often implemented in many HRI applications. Building datasets that involve human subjects, when aiming to capture comprehensive diversity and all possible edge cases is often both challenging and labor-intensive. While applying the concept of domain randomization to build synthetic datasets helps address the problem, an innate reality gap always exists that needs to be mitigated. In this paper, We present and discuss a comprehensive performance comparison of our synth datasets with real ones and demonstrate the results in this paper.
Separated Inter/Intra-Modal Fusion Prompts for Compositional Zero-Shot Learning
Authors: Jung Sua
Published: February 2025

Compositional Zero-Shot Learning (CZSL) aims to recognize subtle differences in meaning or the combination of states and objects through the use of known and unknown concepts during training. Existing methods either focused on prompt configuration or on using prompts to tune the pre-trained Vision-Language model. However, these methods faced challenges in accurately identifying subtle differences in meaning or combining states with objects. To jointly eradicate the above issues and construct an efficient and effective CZSL technique, we suggest a method to improve attribute recognition performance by utilizing diverse Prompt Learning with an Inter/Intra-Modality Fusion Synthesizer in scene understanding involving subtle semantic differences and multiple objects.
Validation of High Aims 65 Score in Patients with Variceal Bleed
Authors: Saeed Aafia , Haq Muhammad Mansoor ul , Rahat Adeel
Published: February 2025

Objective: To validate high AIMS 65 score for predicting 30-day mortality in patients with variceal bleed presenting to a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Prospective longitudinal study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gastroenterology, Liaquat National Hospital Karachi, Pakistan from Aug 2021 to Apr 2022.
Methodology: Cirrhotic patients having variceal bleeding requiring hospital admission, aged 18-60 years of either gender, with history of hematemesis and/or melena were assessed clinically and enrolled into the study after taking consent. All the patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy at the endoscopy suite. Laboratory investigations were done upon their hospital admission to figure out the AIMS 65 score. Patients’ demographic and clinical details were documented in a pre-designed proforma by the assigned data collectors.
Results: 267 patients were enrolled with median age of 57(interquartile range=50-63) Median CLD duration of 48 months (IQR=36-60). There was a predominance of male patients (67.4%). Majority of the patients had AIMS score of 2(56.2%) whereas 43.8% had score of 3.30 days whereas mortality was observed in 19.1% of the cases. The frequency of mortality was significantly higher in patients having AIMS score of 3 as compared to AIMS score of 2 (70.1% versus 29.9%, p<0.001). Area under the curve of AIMS65 score was 65% (95% CI: 0.57-0.74, p=0.010).
Conclusion: The study shows a rise in mortality with increasing score of AIMS65. However, AIMS65 was not found to be accurate tool for predicting mortality in cases of variceal bleeding.
Reasons for Removal of Titanium Hardware in Postoperative Patients with Maxillofacial Trauma
Authors: Dildar Zahid , Ishaq Muhammad , Khan Ali Akhtar , Khan Shafi Ullah , Bukhari Syed Junaid Hussain , Mahmood Tariq
Published: February 2025

Objective: To determine the reasons for removing titanium hardware (mini plates, microplates, and titanium screws) in postoperative patients with maxillofacial trauma.
Study Design: Prospective longitudinal study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Mar to Dec 2023.
Methodology: A total number of Fifty-one (n=51) patients reported to the Oral Surgery Department of the Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry for hardware removal previously treated with maxillofacial trauma. After following inclusion and exclusion criteria, consecutive sampling was performed. Reasons for hardware removal were evaluated and recorded.
Results: Out of a total of fifty-one individuals, 41(80.3%) were male and 10(19.7%) were females. Of 51 patients, 18(35.2%) reported the complaint of pus discharge as their main reason for seeking expert opinion. In 24(47%) patients, elective hardware removal was performed due to the patient's demands. Meanwhile, 4(7.8%) patients reported the chief complaint of experiencing pain and unpleasant sensations. Hardware palpability was another factor reported by 5(9.8%) of the patients for hardware removal.
Conclusion: The patient's request and infections were the leading causes of the plates and screws removal. The plate removal usually took place 6 to 12 months after initial surgery, and the mandible was the most often region from where these mini plates and screws were removed.
Frequency of Tuberculosis Diagnosed on Histopathology of Pleural Peel Biopsy Post Decortication In Patients with Chronic Empyema
Authors: Khaskheli Abdul Jabbar , Majeed Farhan Ahmed , Ashraf Imran , Khan Umair Aslam Shahzad , Rahim Kamran , . Farhanullah
Published: February 2025

Objective: To elucidate the frequency and characteristics of TB in Chronic Empyema, emphasizing the role of histopathology in diagnosis, post-decortication.
Study Design:  Retrospective Analytical study
Place and Duration of Study: Thoracic surgery Department Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Aug 2014 to Aug 2023.
Methodology: A review of 2000 patients with Chronic Empyema undergoing decortication was conducted at Thoracic surgery Department Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. Biopsy specimens were obtained following decortication in individuals with persistent empyema to determine the frequency of TB in pleural peel. The patients' demographic information, medical records, and current clinical state were all gathered using a stringent data collecting process. The occurrence of TB was calculated by the examination of pleural peel biopsy specimens following decortication. The data was described utilizing descriptive statistics, encompassing measures such as medians, percentages, and means. The frequency of TB was calculated by dividing the total number of participants in the study by the number of persons who were diagnosed with tuberculosis.
Results: The majority of the patients 1296(64.8%) who had decortication for persistent empyema underwent open decortication, while 704(35.2%) underwent Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS). The most common result 955(47.75%) in the histopathological study was TB, underscoring its strong correlation with persistent empyema. Additional results included malignancy 31(1.55%), pleuritis 119(5.95%), pleural fibrosis 227(11.35%), acute and chronic inflammation 433(21.65%), and nonspecific inflammation 235(11.75%). These results highlight the frequency of TB in instances of chronic empyema.
Conclusion: This study shows a high correlation between TB (47.75%) and chronic empyema. ...
The Effect of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Serum Potassium and Serum Sodium Levels in Diabetic Patients taking SGLT-2 Inhibitors, Reporting in A Tertiary Care Hospital, Rawalpindi
Authors: Khattak Abdul Latif , Rashid Ahmar , Javed Farah , Aziz Sana , Siddiqi Fuad Ahmad , Alihah Syeda
Published: February 2025

Objective: To evaluate how SGLT2 inhibitors, in comparison to a placebo and the maximum dose of Metformin, affect the levels of serum potassium and sodium in individuals with Type II Diabetes.
Study Design: Quasi- Experimental study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) in a tertiary care hospital, in Rawalpindi Pakistan from Oct 2022 to Mar 2023.
Methodology: A total of 200 patients with type II diabetes were recruited and divided into two groups. 100 diabetic patients were placed in Group-A and were given SGLT-2 inhibitors (Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin) while 100 diabetic patients were placed in Group-B, given a placebo in addition to a maximum dose of 2000mg/day of Metformin they were already taking. Patients were observed over 24 weeks and the levels of serum potassium and sodium were assessed at the end of this period.
Results: Mean sodium levels of patients receiving SGLT-2 inhibitors were 139.3±3.18 mmol/L while of those who received placebo were 138.94±3.5 mmol/L with a p-value of 0.44. The mean potassium levels of patients who received SGLT-2 inhibitors were 3.96±0.33 mmol/L while of those who received placebo were 3.97±0.38 mmol/L with a p-value of 0.8. There was statistically no difference in serum sodium and potassium levels of the two groups.
Conclusion: SGLT-2 inhibitors (Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin) do not affect serum sodium and potassium levels when compared to patients who were given placebo as there was statistically no significant difference among the two groups.
Comparison of Local Infiltration Versus Superficial Cervical Plexus Block for Central Venous Catheter Insertion in Awake Adult Patients
Authors: Khan Zafarullah , Khan Abid , Niaz Faisal , Iqbal Salman , Doltani Deepak Rai , Qadri Anjum Anwar
Published: February 2025

Objective: To measure the frequency of pain and satisfaction (Linkert score) with two local anesthesia techniques for central venous line insertion in awake patients.
Study Design: Quasi-Experimental Study.
Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Jul to Dec 2023.
Methodology: After seeking approval from the Ethical Committee, a sample of 170 patients was randomized into two Groups. One Group was given subcutaneous local infiltration, and the other was given a superficial cervical plexus block before central venous catheter insertion.
Results: There were 40(47.1%) patients in Group LWI who felt mild pain, 42(49.4%) patients who felt moderate pain, and 3(3.5%) patients who felt severe pain. 41(48.2%) patients were satisfied in Group LWI and 44(51.8%) patients were not satisfied with the intervention. In Group, CPB, 71(83.5%) patients experienced mild pain, and 13(15.3%) patients experienced moderate pain. None of the patients felt severe pain, with a value of less than 0.001. Seventy-two (84.7%) patients in Group CPB were satisfied, while only 13(15.3%) conveyed dissatisfaction on the basis of linkert score.
Conclusion: We concluded that the superficial cervical plexus block provided superior analgesia for central venous catheter placement in awake patients with better patient satisfaction.
Maternal Knowledge of Antenatal Care, Teratogens and Patient Satisfaction in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Rawalpindi /Islamabad: a Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
Authors: Mishal Suhail  , Awan Bushra Ameer Saeed , Shamim Amna , Zeb Uswa
Published: February 2025

Objective: To assess maternal knowledge of antenatal care teratogens and to determine patient satisfaction among women visiting tertiary care hospitals of Rawalpindi/Islamabad.
Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.
Place and Duration of Study: Two Tertiary Care Hospitals of Rawalpindi/ Islamabad, Pakistan from Jan to May 2023.
Methodology: The study was conducted on pregnant females visiting tertiary care hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad from January to May 2023. Participants aged 18-45 were recruited through a convenience sampling technique. A pre-tested questionnaire comprising socio-demographic and Likert scale scoring regarding knowledge of antenatal care teratogenic medicine and consultation satisfaction was used. Differences in scores by age, perinatal status, education, and income were analysed.
Results: The study included 120 participants, of which 86(71.7%) were less than 30 years of age, 34(28.3%) were more than 30 years, and 47(39.5%) of the women had attended school till matriculation. The median knowledge of antenatal care score was 69.3(79.6-58.7), teratogen score was 85.1(95.3-74.5) and patient satisfaction score was 73.4(79.7-66.3). The patient’s status (p<0.001), peri-natal status (p=0.013), the patient’s education (p<0.001), husband’s education (p<0.001), and the family income (p<0.001) had a significant effect on the antenatal knowledge scores. The education (p<0.001). husband’s education(p=0.018) and the family income (p=0.003) significantly effected knowledge of teratogens score.
Conclusions: Knowledge of antenatal care and teratogens was higher among younger women and peri-natal patients with higher socioeconomic levels and education. Despite the general satisfaction with consultations, there were knowledge gaps in significant ANC components, like early checkups and health screenings,
Evaluating Curriculum Viability in Dental Education: A Mixed-Methods Study at HITEC Institute of Medical Science
Authors: Shaukat Fatima , Sultan Rizwan , Omer Umme Ammarah , Tassaduq Irum , Ambreen Salma , Zakria Naila
Published: February 2025

Objective: To identify key areas where the curriculum may be lacking, thereby providing insights for curriculum enhancement efforts.
Study Design: Mixed method study – explanatory sequential type.
Place and Duration of Study: HITEC Institute of Medical Sciences, Heavy Industries Taxila Cantt, Pakistan, from May to Jun 2024.
Methodology: A validated questionnaire was distributed to 75 faculty members at HITEC Dental College. Categorical data analysis was conducted using frequencies and percentages of participant’s answer. In next phase of study, a Focus group discussion was done involving 8 faculty members to discuss results of first phase allowing for a comprehensive assessment of faculty perceptions regarding significant curricular inhibitors. The solutions provided by the faculty to overcome these inhibitors were recorded and described in the study.
Results: Analysis of 50 responses revealed that the overall educational program was perceived positively and aligned with institutional goals. Five out of the 25 items of the questionnaire were highlighted as ineffective. Two items were related to social interaction, one related to disciplinary culture, institutional policies and faculty involvement. Thematic analysis in the focus group discussions with eight senior faculty members supported these findings and provided deeper insights.
Conclusion: This study highlighted key inhibitors to curricular success of the college and targeted strategies to overcome these inhibitors. By conducting similar researches frequently and in other institutions, effectiveness of curriculum can not only be assessed but also improved.
Anesthetic Management in Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion in Preterm Congenital Hydrocephalus
Authors: Kashif Sanum
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Neonatal hydrocephalus is a multifactorial disorder and is a common cause of death among preterm babies. Prematurity is a challenge for anesthetists as far as major surgery is concerned. In the development of neonatal brain, maintenance of normal intracranial pressure is essential by timely intervention in neonatal hydrocephalus. We share the case of a 20-day-old premature baby, delivered at 32 weeks of gestation as twins with congenital hydrocephalus, presented with fever and lethargy and after made diagnosis, treated on the lines of neonatal sepsis and due to gross hydrocephalus, ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion was planned under general anesthesia.
Ocular Involvement by Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Iftikhar Jhanzeb , Sheikh Fareeha , Ambreen Aisha , Khalid Nazish , Hamdani Syed Abdul Mannan , Ali Mussadique , Siddiqui Neelam
Published: February 2025

Ocular metastasis from breast cancer can localize within the extraocular muscles and the orbital fat, bone, conjunctiva and eyelids. Choroid is the primary ocular site for metastatic cancer due to its rich vascular supply and fenestrated choriocapillaries. The most common presenting complaints are visual field defects, blurred vision, and floaters. We present a case series of three patients who were treated for early-stage breast cancer and later presented with ocular metastatic disease either as isolated metastatic lesion or as part of disseminated disease.
Ultrasound Assisted versus Landmark Guided Spinal Anesthesia in Patients with Abnormal Spinal Anatomy
Authors: Bhatty Qaim Ali , Tariq Waqas , Raza Muhammad Ahmed , Hafiz Amran , Riaz Muhammad Mohsin , Beg Mirza Hamid
Published: February 2025

Objective: To compare the efficacy of ultrasound assisted versus landmark guided spinal anesthesia in patients with difficult anatomy.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anesthesiology, Pak-Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Nov 2021 to Mar 2022.
Methodology: We enrolled a total of 70 patients, scheduled for elective lower extremity surgery, under spinal anesthesia for this study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups with the help of random numbers generated using MS Excel. Patients in Group-A, underwent spinal anesthesia using the surface landmark–guided approach (Landmark Group) and in Group-B, patients underwent pre-procedural ultrasound–assisted (Ultrasound Group) technique.
Results: Single puncture and single re-direction rate was found to be significantly higher for patients in Group-B and rate of single attempt (1 attempt: Group-A: 13(37.1%) vs. Group-B: 24(68.6%), p-value=0.031) along with number of needle redirections (1-2 attempt: Group-A: 9(25.7%) vs. Group-B: 23(65.7%), p-value=0.009) was also significantly higher for patients in Group-B. No significant difference in complications was seen between groups. However, Group-A encountered higher frequency of complications as compared to Group-B.
Conclusion: Pre-procedural ultrasound assisted technique is more effective for successful access to subarachnoid space at the first attempt and reduces the number of needle redirections as compared to landmark-guided technique.
Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy of Thoracic Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Pectoral Block in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy
Authors: Ali Aijaz , Sabir Ghulam , Iqbal Muhammad Rashid , Qureshi Kamil Hussain , Iqbal Mudassar , Mehmmod Tariq
Published: February 2025

Objective:  to assess the Analgesic efficacy of single-shot ultrasound guided Pectoral Block-II and Thoracic Erector Spine Plane Block were evaluated for postoperative pain in breast surgery.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Mar to Aug 2022.
Methodology: We enrolled 68 female patients in this study, who were between 25-55 years of age, booked for unilateral mastectomy and classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists I and II. They were divided randomly into two groups, where Group-M (n=34) received ultrasound guided Pectoral II Block and Group-N (n=34) received ultrasound guided Erector Spine Plane Block, with 25ml of 0.25% bupivacaine used in both groups. Pain was measured postoperatively by Visual Analog Scale for pain and 1g intravenous paracetamol was given 8 hourly with rescue pain-relieving Nalbuphine used if the score was greater than 4.
Results: Postoperatively nalbuphine consumption was found to be considerably less in patients on whom ultrasound guided Pectoral II Block was given compared to Group-N, while mean analgesia requirement was found to be 0.05±0.07882 mg/kg in Group-M compared with 0.1118±0.01 mg/kg in Group-N with p-value less than 0.007, which was statistically significant.
Conclusion: Ultrasound Guided Pectoral II Block is more significantly effective in female patients for relieving pain especially after having undergone unilateral mastectomy.
Comparative Study Between Diagnostic Accuracy of Serum Bilirubin Levels Versus C-Reactive Protein in Evaluation of Complicated Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Raza Muhammad Ibtisam , Khan Shahid Mehmood , Naqvi Syeda Rifaat Qamar , Khan Adnan Aqil , Malik Hamza Ali , Rizvi Umer Mushtaq
Published: February 2025

Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of serum bilirubin levels versus C-Reactive Protein in evaluation of complicated acute appendicitis.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of General Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Mar to Oct 2022.
Methodology: Using non-probability consecutive sampling technique, a total of 122 cases of acute appendicitis were enrolled in the study. Emergency appendectomy was performed, and cases were categorized as per operative findings into two groups: Group-A (uncomplicated) and Group-B (complicated) appendicitis. Pre-operative values of serum total bilirubin and C-Reactive Proteins were compared for both groups using IBM SPSS version 26.0.
Results: We analyzed the data for a total of 122 cases of acute appendicitis, among which 86(70.5%) were males and 36(29.5%) were females and 87(71.3%) patients had uncomplicated appendicitis while 35(28.7%) had complicated appendicitis. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value for serum total bilirubin were found to be 28.6%, 90.8%, 55.6%, and 75.9% respectively, while for C-Reactive Protein were 94.3%, 34.5%, 36.7%, and 93.7%, respectively. For complicated appendix, the most reliable indicator found in our study was, serum total bilirubin, which showed the highest specificity and Positive Predictive Value.
Conclusion: Serum total bilirubin levels, when raised in cases of acute appendicitis, are a strong indicator of the presence of complicated appendicitis, warranting aggressive
MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN GIỮA VIỆC CHĂM SÓC NGƯỜI BỆNH VÀ NHỮNG BIẾN CHỨNG SAU PHẪU THUẬT ĐẠI TRÀNG Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH CAO TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ
Authors: La Văn Phú , Đặng Hồng Quân
Published: February 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Theo Bộ Y tế, tỷ lệ người Việt Nam mắc bệnh đại tràng mãn tính cao gấp 4 lần trên toàn cầu, cao hơn tổng số bệnh nhân mắc bệnh đại tràng ở Châu Âu. Mục tiêu: Xác định một số yếu tố liên quan giữa việc chăm sóc người bệnh và những biến chứng sau phẫu thuật đại tràng ở người bệnh cao tuổi tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Thành phố Cần Thơ. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên tất cả người bệnh cao tuổi được phẫu thuật cắt đại tràng tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa thành phố Cần Thơ. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình là 68,72 ± 6,91 với 55,3% bệnh nhân nữ. Tỷ lệ nhiễm trùng vết mổ chiếm 10,6%, tắc ruột sau mổ chiếm 8,5% và rò miệng nối chiếm 6,4%. Mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa hướng dẫn xoay trở người bệnh với loét tỳ đè, giữa hướng dẫn vỗ lưng cho người bệnh với biến chứng viêm phổi do nằm lâu (p < 0,001). Kết luận: Bệnh nhân cao tuổi được phẫu thuật đại tràng tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Thành phố Cần Thơ có biến chứng sau phẫu thuật thấp. Mối liên quan có ý nghĩa giữa hướng dẫn xoay trở người bệnh với loét tỳ đè, giữa hướng dẫn vỗ lưng cho người bệnh với biến chứng viêm phổi do nằm lâu.
THÓI QUEN VẬN ĐỘNG THỂ CHẤT VÀ CHẤT LƯỢNG GIẤC NGỦ Ở HỌC SINH TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG TẠI THÀNH PHỐ TÂN AN, TỈNH LONG AN
Authors: Trần Đức Sĩ , Nguyễn Thái Hằng , Mai Phương Dung
Published: February 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Hoạt động thể chất đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc nâng cao chất lượng giấc ngủ, sức khỏe thể chất, tinh thần và khả năng nhận thức, đặc biệt là đối với thanh thiếu niên. Tuy nhiên, tại thành phố Tân An, tỉnh Long An, chưa có nghiên cứu tổng quan về các yếu tố này này. Đối tượng, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang được thực hiện từ tháng 1 đến tháng 3 năm 2024, với 360 học sinh trung học phổ thông tại thành phố Tân An. Thực trạng vận động được đánh giá theo khuyến nghị của WHO (ít nhất 60 phút/ngày). Dữ liệu về chất lượng giấc ngủ, các yếu tố có thể liên quan khác bao gồm tình trạng dinh dưỡng, thói quen dùng điện thoại và giờ học thêm cũng được khảo sát. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ học sinh đạt thời gian vận động tối thiểu là 38,7%. Học sinh không đạt khuyến nghị có nguy cơ cao hơn về chất lượng giấc ngủ kém (OR=2,1; p<0,05) và mức độ nghiện điện thoại thông minh cao hơn (OR=1,8; p<0,01). Kết luận: Vận động thể chất không đủ là một vấn đề đáng lo ngại ở học sinh trung học phổ thông tại thành phố Tân An, đi kèm với sự gia tăng sử dụng điện thoại di động và góp phần làm giảm chất lượng giấc ngủ. Cần có các giải pháp nhằm nâng cao nhận thức và cải thiện thói quen vận động của trẻ,
NGHIÊN CỨU HIỆU QUẢ VÀ TÍNH AN TOÀN CỦA TIÊU HUYẾT KHỐI KẾT HỢP PHẪU THUẬT XÂM LẤN TỐI THIỂU ĐIỀU TRỊ CHẢY MÁU NÃO NGUYÊN PHÁT TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC TÍCH CỰC BỆNH VIỆN THANH NHÀN
Authors: Lê Văn Dẫn , Nguyễn Thế Anh
Published: February 2025

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả và tính an toàn của dùng thuốc tiêu huyết khối kết hợp phẫu thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu trong điều trị chảy máu não nguyên phát tại khoa Hồi sức tích cực bệnh viện Thanh Nhàn từ tháng 6/2021 đến tháng 12/2024. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu can thiệp trên35 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán chảy máu não nguyên phát điều trị tại khoa Hồi sức tích cực Bệnh viện Thanh Nhàn từ tháng 6 năm 2021 đến tháng 12 năm 2024, các bệnh nhân được can thiệp đặt catheter dẫn lưu ổ máu tụ kết hợp thuốc tiêu sợi huyết. Kết quả: Nhóm nghiên cứu có 35 bệnh nhân, trong đó có 43% bệnh nhân nam, 57% bệnh nhân nữ, bệnh nhân trong nhóm chủ yếu có tiền sử tăng huyết áp (77%), đái tháo đường (45%), điểm Glassgow (GCS) lúc vào viện chủ yếu: 13- 15 điểm: 45,7%; 5-8: 34,3%. Bệnh nhân không thở máy lúc vào viện: 60%, bệnh nhân được can thiệp sớm dưới 12h chiếm 86%, thể tích khối máu tụ lớn nhất trước điều trị: 98±30.5, thể tích nhỏ nhất sau điều trị: 8±2.5. Tổng liều tiêu sợi huyết: 9 liều chiếm 68,6%. Mức độ hồi phục theo mRS lúc ra viện: 0-3: 31%, 4-6: 69%; 1 tháng: 0-3: 55%, 4-6: 45%; 3 tháng: 0-3: 73%, 4-6: 27%. Trong số 35 bệnh nhân nghiên cứu: 22 bệnh nhân ra viện chiếm 63%, thời gian nằm viện (ngày): 15.68±8.13. Biến chứng của dẫn lưu ổ máu tụ chủ yếu viêm phổi sau chảy máu não chiếm 28.5%, không có viêm não. Kết luận: Áp dụng dùng thuốc tiêu huyết khối kết hợp phẫu thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu  trong điều trị chảy máu não nguyên phát cải thiện đáng kể kết cục thần kinh của bệnh nhân
Pistis e klinamen: o manejo das múltiplas experiências religiosas na clínica psicológica contemporânea
Authors: Cardoso Estevão Guimarães , Mello Leonardo Cavalcante de Araújo
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo salienta a necessidade de problematizar as implicações das religiosidades e espiritualidades no contexto psicoterapêutico, extrapolando a reflexão para o campo da Psicologia e a ausência de formação suficiente sobre a temática. As intercorrências são uma realidade posta na atuação dos psicólogos, considerando, principalmente, a prevalência religiosa no Brasil. Para cumprir com a finalidade da pesquisa, uma metodologia qualitativa foi adotada e quatro psicólogos clínicos foram entrevistados. Destaca-se o estatuto pragmático da experiência religiosa na vida individual e social e propõe-se um enfoque etnopsicológico para compreender a diversidade religiosa e para levantar métodos adequados. A qualidade estruturante e produtiva da experiência espiritual é ressaltada e uma crítica epistemológica sobre as bases reducionistas da cientificidade psicológica tradicional é discursada. As características de uma conduta ético-estético-política apropriada ao psicólogo são desenvolvidas e disserta-se sobre a inclusão mais robusta da discussão sobre religião na formação em psicologia.
O Sentimento de Vivência e a Sensibilidade Comunicacional: Etnografia de uma feira de Belém do Pará
Authors: Xavier Fábio Rodrigo de Moraes
Published: February 2025

Este artigo procura o sentimento de vivência na comunicação e sua sensibilidade,  que pertence à razão sensível na feira. O local fica situado na cidade de Belém, no Estado do Pará, no norte do Brasil, na Amazônia brasileira. A investigação busca movimentos na expressão da localidade. No contato entre frequentadores e na condição de existência cotidiana. Desse modo, trazemos autores como  Simmel, na interação de indivíduos, além do Araújo, na ideia de afecções humanas, ainda mais, Santin no sentimento na afetação do cotidiano. Temos também, Schutz na intersubjetividade ao mundo da vida e Maffesoli na expressividade da realidade. Assim sendo, na pesquisa de campo temos a Peirano na perspectiva da etnografia como experiência. Portanto, o nosso resultado é a comunicação entre indivíduos, que estrutura a localidade no envolvimento das pessoas. Dessa maneira, possui a organização da vida na movimentação dos sujeitos no contexto da afetação cultural e social amazônica.