bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Acceptability of Objective and Subjective Reasons for Divorce in Modern Russia
Authors: Sinelnikov Alexander B.
Published: October 2023

According to surveys conducted by the Public Opinion Foundation, over the 10 years from 2012 to 2022, the social acceptability of divorces in Russia has increased. Residents of the country have become more likely to recognize as valid all the reasons for divorce provided in the questionnaires of both surveys. When a husband or wife demands a divorce because of the inappropriate behavior of the other spouse (adultery, drunkenness, physical violence, etc.), the reason for the divorce is objective. If someone demands to terminate the marriage due to the fact that he does not love a spouse who has not violated the rules of family life, then the reason is subjective. Divorces for objective reasons destroy many families, but the social institution of the family is destroyed only when society also recognizes the subjective reasons for divorce as valid. After that, people no longer believe that the strength of marriage depends on their behavior in the family. This leads to a decrease in the number of marriages and the birth rate. To increase the effectiveness of measures to increase the birth rate, it is necessary to influence public opinion about the reasons for which a marriage can be dissolved. In addition, the divorce laws need to be changed. In cases of a dispute between former spouses about the division of property or about which of them will have children, the courts should take into account the guilt of the husband or wife in the divorce.
Russian science fiction in the Genre of Alternative History as a Reflection of Mass Consciousness: Sociological Approaches
Authors: Abramov Roman N.
Published: October 2023

In Russia, fiction in the genre of alternative history has become popular over the past ten years. Book series of this kind are actively published and have a significant readership. This genre is part of ideological and utopian landscape of the Russian mass consciousness. It helps to understand imperial historical traumas, nostalgia for the Soviet past, and a high level of anxiety about the present and future. The theoretical part of the analysis is based on the G. Rosenfeld ideas about a close connection of this genre with the experience of the present and about ontological pluralization of the past. The article also includes M. Laruelle's thesis about the ideological function of this genre and its role in ideological mobilization. The concept of E. Shatsky's utopia as a chronic escapism is an important element in the analysis of this genre in Russia. Russian science fiction in the genre of alternative history mirrors ideological and utopian unconscious, which articulates affective historical traumas of society. Alternative history novels actively experiment with genres, and it contains elements of a political detective story, adventure and spy novel, conspiracy theories, personal nostalgic memoirs about childhood and adolescence, mysticism, military action movie, romance, crypto-fiction. Many authors perceive their novels as a historical experiment, and they are concerned with problematizing the causes of the collapse of the Soviet Union. The modern Russian wave of science fiction in the genre of alternative history is a more painful reaction of a part of society to the deep historical faults associated with the collapse of the USSR. The source of the analysis is the materials of interviews with the authors of works in the genre of alternative history, readers' reviews on thematic online platforms and the content of the works.
Basic Human Values and Social Participation in Russia
Authors: Nastina Ekaterina A. , Almakaeva Anna
Published: October 2023

This study aims to explore to what extent values determine informal social engagement in comparison to the effects of other factors. A heterogeneous sample of respondents from an online panel (N = 3711) is used for our analyses. Self-report in terms of two types of activity, utilitarian and sociotropic, respondents engaged in the last three years were used to create a typology of social participants using latent class analysis. The results of multinomial regression modeling using the obtained classes allow us to conclude that values have a significant impact on the likelihood of more active participation in initiatives for the benefit of society as a whole or its specific groups, and their effect majorly exceeds the effects of other predictors, including trust, identity, life satisfaction, religiosity, and socio-demographic characteristics. At the same time, activists who approach social participation from a predominantly utilitarian perspective prioritize "Self-enhancement", while the participants whose social activity is not limited by the interests of narrow circle, put more value on "Self-transcendence". Other values did not have a significant impact on the engagement pattern. The paper concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the study and directions for future work.
Typological Analysis of Young People Health Behavior: on Specifics of the Four-Component Model Realization
Authors: Chirkova Anna V.
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the methodical problems of the typological analysis of young people on health-saving behavior. Methodical solutions are proposed for the formation of a system of classification characteristics in the form of logical indices that allow for multidimensional classifications. The procedure for imputation of missing data that occurs when using the proposed indices for the purpose of young people typologization is described. The results of a comparative analysis of cluster profiles for three age groups among young people are presented. The conclusion is substantiated that the heuristic potential of indicators of health-saving behavior as basic type-forming attributes in these groups is different.
Attitudes Towards Russia and the USA in the Public Opinion of Modern China
Authors: Qin Li , Babich Nikolay S.
Published: October 2023

The acute Russian-American confrontation made it important to reveal the attitude of international public opinion towards Russia the United States, especially in countries such as China. But the specifics of the attitudes of the population towards foreign states makes it necessary to analyze many aspects of these attitudes, preferably over a long period of time. Since public opinion poll data is usually severely limited both in the number of indicators and in temporal coverage, there is a need to summarize as many polls conducted by different organizations as possible. In this article, such a generalization is made on the basis of eight large-scale public opinion surveys covering the period from 2004 to 2022, including the time shortly before and after the start of the SMO (special military operation). An analysis of survey data reveals that public opinion in the PRC from 2004 to 2021 consistently treated Russia much more favorably: a large majority systematically expressed positive attitudes, the gap of which from attitudes towards the United States frequently exceeded 50%. With the onset of SMO, this positive attitude worsened in some aspects, improved in others, everywhere by an insignificant amount. Attitudes towards the United States also slightly worsened. Thus, we can confidently say that the public opinion of modern China has a very positive attitude towards Russia, rather negatively towards the United States, the beginning of the SMO, in general, did not change this situation, and the current events are not perceived by the Chinese public as extraordinary, requiring revision of views on international relations.
Social Contract as a Noumenon: The Experience of Sociological Understanding
Authors: Toschenko Zhan T.
Published: October 2023

The article characterizes the process of emergence in social cognition of social contract ideas, first put forward and substantiated by the Enlightenment thinkers. They formulated ideas about its essence and content interpreted as a social contract between the people and the state with the focus of attention on latent, implicit nature of this process. A significant place is given to analysis of existing theories of the social contract, tо identifying their features on the basis of diverse options of its interpretation and implementation in the modern scholarship. Particular attention is paid to the identifying main characteristics of the social contracts, its semantic essence as a unity of goals of their participants accentuating observance of mutual trust, coordination of interests, constant feedback. Modern interpretations of the social contract are discussed, as well as attempts to offer new options for understanding practices of its implementation in current socio-political life. It is emphasized that the social contract as a noumenon contains not only obvious, but also latent criteria, expressing the constantly changing qualitative state of society and requiring regular customizable interaction between the people and the state.
Legal aspects of the functioning of the financial market of Russia
Authors: Zapolsky Sergey V.
Published: October 2023

Analyzing various approaches to understanding the legal nature of the financial market, the authors study the features of the functioning of the Russian financial market. Consideration of the peculiarities of the emergence and fulfillment of financial obligations in the sphere of the financial market functioning allows the authors of the article to identify a number of problems and determine the main directions for their resolution. The use of research methods, including analysis and synthesis, the formal legal and comparative legal methods, allowed the author to conclude that the financial market is a system of economic relations aimed at accumulating and redistributing financial resources through the formation and fulfillment of financial obligations. based on credit, insurance, budgetary, fiscal and investment mechanisms in order to ensure stable economic development of the state. It is substantiated that the formation and execution of issuing financial obligations takes place in the conditions of the splitting of the functions of the regulator of money emission between the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, the budget system and financial development institutions, which leads to the creation of schemes for transferring money to the economy, bypassing the banking and budget system, preventing the Bank of the Russian Federation achieve the key objectives of the implementation of monetary policy. According to the authors, the urgent need is the creation of a single investment center within the national economy, focused on eliminating underfunding and undercrediting of economic entities and their associations.
The legal policy of foreign countries in the field of counteraction to crime committed with the use of information technologies
Authors: Sokolov Aleksandr Yu.
Published: October 2023

The article provides a comparative analysis of the approaches of different countries to the issues of combating crimes committed using information technology. The relevance of such studies is due to a number of factors, including the increase in the number of computer crimes, the complexity of the legal regulation of the information space, the possibility of borrowing proven legal structures, etc. The methodological basis of the study is the comparative legal method. The article identifies promising areas for improving the legal system (further development of the terminological apparatus, clarified the composition of computer crimes in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the formation is proposed of a new Doctrine of information security (taking into account the experience of Singapore), the creation of special response teams to cyber incidents, the introduction of legislative assigned obligations for organizations to notify relevant authorities about computer incidents, etc.).
Effect of sex, age and anthropometric measurements on left ventricular mass index in a sample of Iraqi adults.
Authors: Funjan Mawada M. , Estephan May F. , AL-Hemiary Kadem M
Published: October 2023

Background: Echocardiography is a very important diagnostic modality in the clinical practice of cardiology. Although it has been extensively used as a diagnostic tool. Echocardiography has recently emerged as a sensitive, non invasive technique for evaluating left ventricular mass(LVM) and detecting left ventricular hypertrophy. Objective: to determine the effect of sex, age, and anthropometric measurements on echocardiographic values for cardiac chambers, left ventricular mass index in adults Iraqi sample.Methods: This was observational study based on a randomly selected sample from Baghdad city, 75 normal obese Iraqi subjects with no history of cardiovascular disease underwent transthoracic echocardiography.The following M-mode echocardiographic parameters were measured such as ventricular diameters, interventricular septal thickness (IVSTD), posterior wall thickness in diastole (PWTD), left ventricular mass, left ventricular mass indexes values were expressed as mean and standard error.Results: Echocardiographic values were slightly influenced by gender and age. The overall, cardiac measurements were higher in male gender. LV posterior wall thickness, mass indexes corrected for height2.7 and body surface area (BSA) were influenced by age. In multiple regression analysis age and BSA were a powerful predictors for non indexed LVM or for LVM to BSA , where as body mass index was the strongest predictor of LVM to height 2.7 ( LVM/h 2.7 ).Conclusions: Left ventricular mass (LVM) in normal obese Iraqi adults is age and body surface area (BSA) dependent. Age and body mass index (BMI) were the best predictors of LVM/h 2.7 in normal obese Iraqi adults. Left ventricular mass is larger in men, corrected or not for anthropometric variables.
The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Healthy Adults
Authors: Fawzi Amjad , Aziz Enaas S.
Published: October 2023

Background: There is considerable evidence which associate cardiovascular morbidity and mortality with obesity, however, a direct effect of uncomplicated obesity on cardiac function is not well established.Objective: To evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and left ventricular structure and function.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on (146) apparently healthy adults from both sexes (85 male and 61 female) aged 20-59 years(36.49±9.92 ). Subjects were grouped according to BMI into1.normal weight group included 47 subjects (BMI=18.5-24.9Kg/m2);2. Overweight group included 43 subjects (BMI=25-29.5 Kg/m2) and 3. obese group included (56) subjects(BMI≥30). Echocardiographic indices of left ventricular structure and function were obtained. This study was performed between October 2009 till April 2010 at the Echocardiography Unit in Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital in Mosul.Results: There was a significant increase in LVM(left ventricular mass), LVMI(left ventricular mass index), LVIDD(left ventricular internal dimension in diastole) and PWT(posterior wall thickness) among over weight and obese subjects (P< 0.001),however, both contractility indices [LVEF%(left ventricular ejection fraction percent) and LVFS %(left ventricular fractional shortening percent)] seemed unchanged significantly. The left ventricular diastolic function [E/A ratio(ratio of passive to active velocity inflow)] has significantly decreased among the obese group (P< 0.001). This observed decrease in E/A ratio with increasing BMI coincided with a statistically significant increase (P< 0.001) in LAD (left atrial dimensions).Conclusions: Increased body weight is positively correlated with LVM but not with systolic dysfunction. All subjects with isolated obesity have subclinical left ventricular diastolic dysfunction; this correlates with BMI.
Shallow Water Resistance Estimation for Semi-Displacement Slender Ships
Authors: Mauro Francesco , Vassalos Dracos , Paterson Donald , Bae Hongseok
Published: October 2023

Estimating shallow water resistance for a vessel is an issue of primary importance for inland water navigation, not only for determining the total power absorbed by the propulsors but also for predicting the far-field wave pattern necessary to assess the wake-washing effect on the shores. Once it is not possible performing model tests for a specific water depth or it is not possible to execute complex CFD simulations, it is necessary to estimate the shallow water effect and add it to the deepwater results. Traditional empirical methods usually refer to the subcritical regime for shallow water; however, for several applications, also critical and supercritical regimes require attention. The present work analyses the shallow water effect adopting a linearised theory for wave resistance prediction using the thin ship approximation and an empirical formulation for the viscous resistance. Such a methodology allows for determining a procedure for estimating shallow water effects for slender semi-displacement ships operating also in critical and supercritical regimes. The novel resulting process is tested on a reference semi-displacement hull designed for navigation in lagoons. The results are compared with conventional empirical methods and RANS calculations in shallow water, highlighting the agreement of the proposed method with the CFD calculations for the critical and supercritical regimes.
Feasibility Study of a Zero-Emission Passenger Catamaran Ferry Operating in Italian Coastal Island
Authors: Coppola T. , De Luca F. , Gambardella S. , Mancini S. , Micoli L. , Pensa C. , Sorrentino V.
Published: October 2023

Zero emission targets, as long-term global goals for climate protection, and the IMO GHG emission reduction strategy, fully involve ship design in a complex process of research and technological innovation. This paper proposes a feasibility study of a hydrogen fuel cell powered high-speed passenger craft. The passenger craft is intended to operate in the Amalfi coast, carrying 220 passengers at a route speed of 20 kn. The dimensions of the passenger craft are 30 m Length, 10 m wide. The feasibility study of the implementation of a PEM fuel cell propulsion system, has been structured ensuring the mutual consistency between all the subsystems: propulsion plant, energy storing and payload. Moreover, critical aspects related to safety has been analyzed according to the updated regulations.
How to Improve Full-Scale Self-Propulsion Simulations? A Case Study on a Semi-Displacement Hull
Authors: Niazmand Bilandi Rasul , Mancini Simone , Dashtimanesh Abbas , Lakatos Miklos
Published: October 2023

This study aims to improve Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) self-propulsion simulations for a semi-displacement hull with an interceptor. To enhance full-scale self-propulsion simulations, the numerical setup incorporated hull roughness based on the ITTC 78 formula and full-scale propeller open water curves following the ITTC 78 procedure. Simulations were performed using the SIEMENS PLM STAR-CCM+ CFD code for a displacement condition and for 0.638 < Fr▽ < 1.530. Comparisons were made with experimental scaled results from tests conducted at the Towing Tank of the Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”. A comparison of numerical and experimental self-propulsion factors, such as wake fraction and thrust deduction coefficients, shows an average error reduction of 2.5% for wake fraction and 1.5% for thrust deduction. Additionally, a self-propulsion proportional (P) speed controller was implemented using the Ziegler-Nichols method to improve accuracy. This controller allows real-time adjustment of the propeller speed, supplying valuable insights into marine vessel performance under realistic conditions. This approach can be extended to incorporate factors like waves and wind, creating a more realistic representation of the marine environment. The implementation of a P speed controller is the first step towards developing a free-sailing approach that enhances simulations of real-world conditions for marine vessels.
Personal and social factors in masculine identity : examining differential associations with rape myths among athletes and nonathletes
Authors:   , Breske Mike
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to explore how masculine role norms, peer grouplevel factors, and athletic participation relate to rape myth acceptance. The study was concerned with examining variables that may explain the prevalence rates of sexual assault among male collegiate student-athlete outside of their athletic participation. Using ego identity development theory (Wade, 1998) and male peer support theory (Schwartz & DeKeseredy, 1997; DeKeseredy & Schwartz, 2013) as frameworks, the study sought to investigate the following hypotheses: (1) conformity to masculine norms will predict rape myth acceptance in a sample of collegiate male athletes and nonathletes; (2) male reference group dependence and perceived peer support for violence will predict rape myth acceptance in a sample of collegiate male athletes and nonathletes; and (3) these two blocks of variables will predict rape myth acceptance over and above athletic participation as a grouping variable. The study utilized hierarchical multiple regression to test these hypotheses, first including demographic variables that may covary with other variables of interest--including athletic status, then adding the previously described blocks of predictors in a hierarchical fashion to determine what proportion of variance is explained beyond the athletic status variable. A sample of 61 college males was recruited (Athletes n = 47) and analysis revealed partial support for hypotheses in that the male peer support for violence group of variables was found to predict rape myth acceptance. However, hostile masculine norms were not a significant predictor; nor was athletic status. Limitations, future directions, and implications are discussed with attention to the inherent challenges of conducting research on sexual assault with a sample of college athletes.
The mission of high school athletics : a qualitative study of high school athletic mission statements
Authors:   , Chapman Jordan Rollin
Published: October 2023

Mission statements have become an important tool used across all sectors of business and education (Alegre et al., 2018), and research on this particular tool has been thoroughly conducted as well. This qualitative study examined a particular sub-sector within education, high school athletics. By examining the experiences of athletic directors throughout the state of Missouri, this researcher sought to determine the phenomenon revolving around high school athletic mission statements. Findings indicated positive responses for athletic directors who possessed an athletic mission statement and responses that athletic mission statements are unnecessary from some athletic directors who did not possess the tool. The study presented recommendations focused on determining if an athletic mission statement would be purposeful, the creation of an athletic mission statement, and carrying out the mission statement within the athletic department.
Unveiling the influence of family of origin environment and relationship education programming on single adults' relational attitudes
Authors:   , Charvat Emily Jane
Published: October 2023

Guided by the Development of Early Adult Romantic Relationships (DEARR) model (Bryant & Conger, 2002), the current study examined how single adults' relational attitudes are shaped by both family of origin environment and relationship education programming. Data were collected from 595 adults who participated in a relationship education program for singles. Results from a structural equation model found that positive retrospective reports of family of origin environment was significantly associated with less fear of being single, more relationship confidence, increased knowledge of relationship warning signs, and reduced family of origin current impact, but unrelated to willingness to settle for less and acceptance of intimate partner violence for single adults. Next, latent change models revealed that single adults' willingness to settle for less, acceptance of intimate partner violence, and family of origin current impact on relationships decreased, while their relationship confidence and knowledge of relationship warning signs increased, following the completion of a relationship education program. Finally, family of origin environment and socio-demographic covariates were added as predictors of latent change in singles' relational attitudes. Family of origin environment was only a significant predictor of latent change for family of origin current impact on relationships. Findings from this study have implications for the implementation of relationship education programs, the assumptions of the DEARR model, and the research on singles and their relational attitudes.
Modeling spatio-temporal data using a Bayesian probabilistic cellular automata framework
Authors:   , Grieshop Nicholas James
Published: October 2023

Regularly gridded, or cellular, discrete-valued spatio-temporal data are common in many application areas. Such data can be considered from many perspectives, including deterministic or stochastic cellular automata, where local rules govern the transition probabilities that describe the evolution of the state of the cells across space and time. One implementation of a stochastic cellular automata for such data is with a spatio-temporal generalized linear model (or mixed model), with the local rule covariates being included in the transformed mean response. However, in real-world applications, we seldom have a complete understanding of the local rules and it is helpful to augment the transformed linear predictor with a latent spatio-temporal dynamic process. This dissertation considers new approaches to augment latent processes to improve model predictions. To start, a novel approach utilizing a dynamic neighborhood structure with a latent process linked to the spatial domain via the use of empirical orthogonal functions is developed. An alternative augmentation strategy is developed that considers techniques from machine learning. This approach considers traditional Bayesian modeling techniques in conjunction with an echo state network to further improve model predictions. In addition to the echo state augmentation, symbolic regression is used to learn the functional form of available covariates for improved model accuracy and exploration of high dimensional interactions. A novel model weighting strategy is used in this echo state network augmentation approach, and prediction probability uncertainties are fully captured.
Intervertebral disc degeneration : symptomatic and asymptomatic distinguishers
Authors:   , Kramer Jacob Sidney
Published: October 2023

Introduction: It is currently not possible to distinguish symptomatic (S) from asymptomatic (A) intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) based on patient factors or the degree of degeneration. Additionally, it is not known if age, sex, and BMI contribute to the gross/radiographic or histological progression of IVDD. These studies were performed to determine patient, gross/radiographic, histological, and protein differentiators of S-IVDD or A-IVDD. Methods: IVD tissues were recovered from 202 S clinical patients and 36 A tissue donors with IRB Approval (#2010692), informed patient consent, or a legal permit under the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act as appropriate. Age, sex, BMI, Pfirrmann grade, Thompson grade, and histological degeneration scores (HDS) were determined. Each isolated tissue was cultured for 6 days in supplemented DMEM which was collected every 3 days, and tissue culture media were assessed for their content of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, degradative enzymes (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and growth factors. Gross/radiographic grades, histological scores, and ex vivo biomarker data were compared within and between S-IVD and A-IVDs using multivariable generalized linear models or ANOVAs while adjusting for age, sex, and BMI as covariates with significance set at p<0.05. Results: Overall, S-IVDs produced significantly increased levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, specific degradative enzymes, and lower levels of TIMPs compared to A-IVDs regardless of IVDD severity. Obesity significantly affected the progression of IVDD in S and A populations. Discussion: Obesity and inflammatory cytokines may represent key factors in distinguishing S-IVDD versus A-IVDD towards earlier identification and symptom mitigation in clinical patients.
Three essays on the time series of returns
Authors:   , Mai Dat Y
Published: October 2023

This dissertation consists of three essays on the time series of asset returns. The first essay in Chapter 1--Time-Varying Drivers of Stock Prices--provides novel evidence of the time-varying roles of subjective expectations in explaining stock price variations across the market and 30 industry portfolios monthly from 1976 to 2020. Cash flow expectations matter more under financial uncertainty and recessions, especially among the hardest-hit industries such as Telecommunications during the Dot-com Bubble, Financials during the Great Recession, and Healthcare during the Covid-19 pandemic. Conversely, discount rates explain more price variations during expansionary periods. Finally, inflation expectations, while accounting for 60 percent of price fluctuations in the high inflationary environment before 2000, play a negligible role thereafter. In the second essay in Chapter 2--Investor Sentiment and Asset Returns: Actions Speak Louder than Words--I analyze daily predictability of investor sentiment across four major asset classes and compares sentiment measures based on news and social media with those based on trade information. For the majority of assets, trade-based sentiment measures outperform their text-based equivalents for both in-sample and out-of-sample predictions. This outperformance is particularly noticeable in long-term forecasts. However, real-time mean-variance investors can only achieve economic gains using Bitcoin trade sentiment, suggesting the challenge of transforming sentiment into daily profitable trading strategies. In the last essay in Chapter 3--War Discourse and Disaster Premia: 160 Years of Evidence from Stock and Bond Markets--using a semi-supervised topic model on 7,000,000 New York Times articles spanning 160 years, I test whether topics of media discourse predict future stock and bond market returns to test rational and behavioral hypotheses about market valuation of disaster risk. Focusing on media discourse addresses the challenge of sample size even when major disasters are rare. Our methodology avoids look-ahead bias and addresses semantic shifts. War discourse positively predicts market returns, with an out-of-sample R2 of 1.35 percent, and negatively predicts returns on short-term government and investment-grade corporate bonds. The predictive power of war discourse increases in more recent time periods.
Where are the boundaries of mathematics education (policy)? : Comparing two school districts and their subject-matter contexts
Authors:   , Nguyen Phi-Khanh Thai
Published: October 2023

To achieve ambitious and equitable mathematics education, districts will likely have to extend their improvement efforts beyond the bounds of classroom teaching and learning. However, the literature has yet to explore the boundaries that determine which policies are relevant (or not) to mathematics, or how the subject-matter acts as a context for such framing. To that end, I conducted a comparative case study of two school districts through interviews with district leaders, observations of policymaking, and collection of artifacts. Mediated by the size and segmentation of districts' organizational structures, I found that districts' policy boundaries were shaped by the dominant mathematics-related discourses circulating in the district and its local community, including discourses related to accountability and the subject's epistemology. Discourses related to equity and pedagogy were more contested, and also less influential in boundary framing. Though there was some attention to inquiry-oriented instruction at one district, both districts' boundaries around mathematics were primarily constrained to issues of achievement. Subject-neutral policies were sometimes implemented in mathematics-specific ways, but other subject-neutral policies--including equity-minded efforts--never crossed into mathematics. These findings suggest that researchers and educational leaders interested in reshaping districts' policy boundaries should attend to how the subject-matter interacts with policies--even seemingly subject-neutral ones--to constrain policy enactment.
Opposite sides of a hyphen : becoming my Iranian-American identity through autobiographical performance
Authors:   , Saboorizadeh Joshua Haider
Published: October 2023

Having one parent from Iran and the other from the US, I learned from an early age that I was wedged between two distinct cultures. As an adolescent, following my parent's divorce, I thought that the words on opposite sides of my hyphen--Iranian-American--were incompatible. This dissertation aims to illuminate my experience as a hyphenated Iranian-American in relation to three identity facets: ethnicity/nationality, race/racialization, and sexual orientation. By illustrating my personal experience, I challenge cultural stereotypes of Iranian-Americans and argue that I was not born but became Iranian-American through performances in my everyday life. Using an autoethnographic methodology, I wrote thirteen autobiographical performance scripts to interpret how I perform my hyphenated Iranian-American identity. I argue that I became Iranian-American when I built binaries because I was living between two different households and two distinct cultures after my parent's divorce, when I experienced tensions that made me believe I could only exist on one side of my hyphen, and when I embraced moving through my hyphen to exist on both sides. These findings indicate the need to center more stories of Iranian-Americans on US theatre stages and the vastness of the Iranian-American diasporic community.
A revised Hobbesian argument for conflict among humans
Authors:   , Quintaneiro Arcangelo Sforcim Pereira
Published: October 2023

Thomas Hobbes believed that a state of nature (that is, a state without a society) is a miserable condition for humans because human individuals have a natural inclination to fight each other. In addition, Hobbes argued that the only way to prevent humans from fighting each other is to have a power to "keep them in awe". This is Hobbes' argument for absolutism. In my Master's thesis, I will reconstruct Hobbes' argument for the claim that human individuals have a natural inclination to fight each other. Then, I will criticize that argument by rejecting the third premise and the conclusion. Finally, I will argue that human groups have a natural inclination to fight each other. This new argument is a Hobbesian-inspired argument that is focused on conflict between human groups instead of being focused on conflict between human individuals, and this argument is important because it can be used to revive Hobbes' argument for absolutism.
Airing equity : the impact of activism and federal policy on women in broadcast journalism, 1964-1985
Authors:   , Kelley Carey Lee
Published: October 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2024] The early 1960s saw a marked change in the motivation among legislators, judges, and government officials to address discriminatory employment practices. The momentum, propelled by the Cold War, social activism, and an increased awareness of discrimination, continued throughout the 1970s and expanded the reach of sex discrimination legislation and equal opportunity policies to education. These changes altered the field of broadcast journalism dramatically between 1964-1985, particularly in terms of student demographics and the appearance of female anchors on air. The highly visible nature of broadcast journalism creates an ongoing relationship between the journalist and their audience. As a result of the visibility and relationship, the American public bore witness to the opening of the field to women. The public's involvement increased when citizens gained the ability to actively pressure networks to implement antidiscrimination policy. In this way, broadcast journalism provided a medium that brought government, individual, and public action together to establish more equity in schools and workplaces, as well as more equitable programming and hiring practices at networks. This project explores how the struggles against discrimination in formal work and educational spaces often overlapped with direct action to combat sexism in more pervasive arenas such as television programming.
Plasmon-driven synthesis of anisotropic nanoscale gold
Authors:   , Siegel Asher
Published: October 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2024] Herein, we disclose the synthesis, characterization, and application of branching gold nanostructures synthesized and tuned through plasmon-driven methods to be used in biomedical applications. The size and photothermal capability of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) synthesized through the chemical reduction of gold salt by an aminosugar, N-methyl-D-glucamine, were tuned through irradiation by visible light during the bottom-up synthesis. Notably, the larger nanostars synthesized under red visible light showed high biocompatibility when incubated with adenocarcinoma cells, demonstrated significant photothermal conversion (n = 22.4 percent), and effectively induced hyperthermia in cancer cells upon short-term irradiation with an 808 nm NIR laser. Furthermore, we investigated the plasmon-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles derived from pre-reduced gold salts. Chloroauric acid was incubated with a weak reducing agent, sodium citrate, for varying durations of time before visible light irradiation and reduction by a secondary reducing agent, sodium ascorbate. Both the incubation of citrate-gold and the wavelength of the incident light were found to influence the final shape of the particles, offering morphologies suitable for applications in photothermal therapy, and cell transference. In a seeded method, we explored the utilization of pre-formed gold nanocubes as platforms for hot electron generation to synthesize branching gold nanoparticles in a plasmon-mediated method facilitated by the symmetry-breaking abilities of Ag(I). Gold was reduced onto the surface of the cube seeds through a photophysical method rather than a chemical reduction method, resulting in the first reported use of the underpotential deposition of silver in plasmon-driven synthesis of anisotropic gold nanoparticles.
Improving water management in a small subsurface drip irrigation
Authors:   , Theodore Yatta Moussa
Published: October 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2024] In this study, the effects of three water application treatments on four sweet corn varieties were examined, focusing on harvest quantity and quality, using subsurface drip irrigation. The study also analyzed weather parameters to determine the most effective water management practice between crop-ET and PET methods. The study found that the significant variability of effective rainfall has a substantial impact on accurately estimating crop water needs. Incorporating the variability of effective rainfall in crop water need estimations can improve accuracy and reliability, enhancing water management practices in agriculture. The study highlights that evapotranspiration, with its non-significant variation, is a more reliable parameter for estimating crop water needs compared to effective rainfall. Monitoring soil moisture levels using volumetric soil moisture sensors is an effective means of detecting plant water stress throughout the growth period and assessing the impact of rainfall events. Regarding irrigation methods, the PET treatment tended to maintain soil moisture above field capacity, suggesting potential over-irrigation. On the other hand, the crop-ET treatment generally provided adequate water for crops, although short periods of water stress were observed. The rainfed treatment heavily relied on rainfall and experienced significant water stress, except during specific rainfall events. Effective rainfall should not be considered when projecting crop water needs due to its limited impact on soil moisture. Overall, the findings contribute to enhancing irrigation management and ensuring appropriate water supply for optimal crop growth and productivity. The study emphasizes the importance of tailored irrigation strategies based on specific growth stages and sweet corn varieties to optimize yield. Further investigation is needed to understand the practical implications of variations in plant height, above-ground biomass, and sugar content among different treatments and varieties.
EFEK PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI PUPUK ORGANIK BERBASIS LIMBAH SLUDGE KERTAS DIPERKAYA AZOTOBACTER DAN NPK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glicyne max L.) VARIETAS NUANSA SANGGABUANA
Authors: Bangun Jay Maulana , Agustini Rika Yayu , Muharam Muharam
Published: October 2023

Limbah sludge kertas merupakan salah satu limbah yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan pabrik kertas. Limbah sludge kertas dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi salah satu bahan pembuatan pupuk organik yang menjadi sumber nutrisi untuk tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L, var. Nuansa Sanggabuana). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan dosis pupuk organik limbah sludge yang tepat untuk melihat respon pertumbuhan dan hasil tertinggi pada tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L, var. Nuansa Sanggabuana). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan Desa Telukjambe, Kecamatan Telukjambe Timur, Kabupaten Karawang, pada bulan maret 2023 sampai bulan mei 2023. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktor tunggal dengan 7 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan yaitu J(Kontrol NPK 150 kg/ha), K(sludge 10 ton/ha + NPK 100 kg/ha), L(sludge 15 ton/ha + NPK 100 kg/ha), M(sludge 20 ton/ha + NPK 100 kg/ha), N(sludge 10 ton/ha + NPK 150 kg/ha), O(sludge 15 ton/ha + NPK 150 kg/ha), P(sludge 20 ton/ha + NPK 150 kg/ha) sehingga terdapat 21 unit percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk organik limbah sludge kertas perlakuan P(sludge 20 ton/ha + NPK 150 kg/ha) memberikan pengaruh nyata pada parameter pengamatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, jumlah polong, jumlah biji, bobot biji.
PENGARUH MACAM VARIETAS DAN DOSIS PUPUK BOKASHI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SELADA MERAH (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Putri Christy Octtavi , Utomo Pamuji Setyo , Fitriyah Nur
Published: October 2023

Selada merupakan sayuran semusim yang dapat tumbuh dengan baik pada musim hujan maupun musin kemarau. Tanaman ini termasuk sayuran daun yang berumur pendek dan dapat ditanam di dataran tinggi atau dataran rendah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai April 2023 di Dusun Jaro, Desa Rejomulyo, Kecamatan Kras, Kabupaten Kediri, Propinsi Jawa Timur. Beriklim tropis pada ketinggian ±75 m diatas permukaan laut, dengan rata-rata suhu udara 280 C. Ditanam pada tanah tegal dengan jenis tanah aluvial. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap ( RAL ) Faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah macam varietas dengan 2 level, dilambangkan dengan (V). Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk bokashi dengan 5 level, dilambangkan dengan (D). Perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali dengan 30 satuan percobaan. Setiap plot terdapat 10 tanaman dengan 5 tanaman sampel. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan sidik ragam ANOVA. Jika terjadi interaksi antar perlakuan akan diuji lanjut menggunakan DMRT 5%. Jika tidak terjadi interaksi, maka perlakuan tunggal akan diuji lanjut menggunakan BNT 5%. Hasil kombinasi perlakuan macam varietas dengan perlakuan dosis pupuk bokashi menunjukkan hasil interaksi yang nyata pada variabel pengamatan volume akar dengan kombinasi perlakuan V2D4 (Varietas Red rapid + dosis pupuk bokashi 20 ton/ha) merupakan perlakuan yang paling efektif meningkatkan volume akar. Perlakuan tunggal macam varietas menunjukkan pengaruh sangat nyata pada variabel pengamatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan panjang akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan D4 (dosis 20 ton/ha) merupakan perlakuan dosis pupuk bokashi yang efektif dan efisien dalam meningkat pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada merah.
Árvore da conservação: um jogo para ensinar ciências, botânica e educação ambiental
Authors: Malosso Milena Gaion , Alves Wendrio Nunes , Souza Giuliana Rosana da Silva
Published: October 2023

Nas últimas décadas, o ensino de Biologia e Ciências Naturais vem sendo voltado, basicamente à preparação dos alunos para os exames vestibulares (Silva, 2019), o que reduziu o ensino à memorização de conceitos, regras e processos, limitando a natureza a eventos repetitivos (Costa; Mota; Brito, 2021). Para que o saber científico seja compreendido em sua amplitude é necessário que se considere, de maneira geral, tudo que se apresenta ao redor dos organismos abordados durante as disciplinas (Monerat & Rocha, 2018). O ensino de botânica foi, durante um longo período, separado do ambiente natural (Pereira-Ribeiro et al., 2018). Publicações na área priorizavam a flora e paisagens estrangeiras em detrimento às nacionais, o que levou a uma redução no interesse pela botânica (Mello, 1996) e, consequentemente, a uma desconsideração da paisagem nativa como integrante da vida cotidiana dos alunos. Ferramentas alternativas de ensino são fundamentais tanto na compreensão dos assuntos ministrados em sala de aula, como na fixação da terminologia e dos conceitos exibidos em aulas teóricas das mais diversas disciplinas (Perini & Rossini, 2018). A participação dos alunos em jogos em grupo, busca estimular crianças e adolescentes, a desenvolverem o raciocínio lógico além de promover uma maior integração social entre os alunos (Paiva; Fonseca; Colares, 2022). Nesse sentido, essa ação de extensão tem como objetivo primordial elaborar e testar estratégias metodológicas como ferramentas alternativas para o ensino de Ciências Naturais, Botânica e Educação Ambiental, usando como base jogos didáticos botânicos, fundamentados na flora regional, que foram testados em salas de aula do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental da Escola Estadual Maria Almeida do Nascimento, Coari/AM. A metodologia constitui-se de reuniões realizadas com os alunos extensionistas traçando medidas de avaliação, bem como da aplicação dos jogos e os resultados obtidos, que foram divulgados e disponibilizados como ferramenta metodológica alternativa aos professores da escola participante. Como resultado, verificou-se que o jogo auxiliou a introduzir e fixar conteúdos de botânica, principalmente de morfofisiologia vegetal e conservação do meio ambiente nos discentes comunitários, que são os alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental, em quem o jogo será aplicado.
РОЗВИТОК ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПРИВАБЛИВОСТІ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ В ПІСЛЯВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД: СТРАТЕГІЧНІ ПРІОРИТЕТИ, ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ОСНОВНІ ВЕКТОРИ ЇХ ВИРІШЕННЯ
Authors: Атамас О.П.
Published: October 2023

Формування конкурентоспроможної економічної структури суспільства вимагає мобілізації всіх національних ресурсів, максимального використання національних переваг. Однак, поза увагою також не можуть лишатися інвестиційні джерела, що знаходяться за межами країни і здатні посилити трансформаційний ефект. Для окремих національних економік саме масштабна диверсифікаційна міжнародна інвестиційна діяльність визначає базові довгострокові механізми високоінтегрованого економічного розвитку. У статті проаналізовано групи факторів, які визначають ступінь інвестиційної привабливості економіки держави, дані про обсяги інвестиційної діяльності України у період 2002-2023 рр, значення інтегрального індексу інвестиційної привабливості України у період 2018-2022 рр. Крім того, наведено перелік заходів для покращення інвестиційної привабливості економіки України у 2023-2024 рр.