bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conformación de la personalidad antisocial. Enfoques y perspectivas
Authors: Caballero-García Presentación A. , Pérez Fernández Francisco
Published: December 2019

La personalidad antisocial o violenta, ¿tiene características o circunstancias que la asocian a un riesgo anormal de sufrir un proceso patológico o de verse afectada desfavorablemente por tal proceso? ¿Qué hace que “el antisocial” o el “violento” sea un sujeto de alto riesgo? ¿Puede la sociedad protegerle de la situación de riesgo que le rodea, le ha rodeado o le rodeará en el futuro? ¿Qué aspectos de la personalidad violenta como sujeto de alto riesgo deben conocer los profesionales que garantizan la seguridad de los ciudadanos, de los servicios sociales, la medicina, el Derecho, la psicología y la educación, entre otros, para enfocar –desde su parcela de conocimiento– de una manera más eficaz sus procesos de intervención? Intentaremos aproximarnos a todas aquellas circunstancias que caracterizan la situación de riesgo de la personalidad antisocial y violenta, para conocerla mejor, y afinar en nuestras actuaciones, de cara a conseguir su integración en sociedad.
علم البيان في الشعر العربي السنغالي: شعر محمد الأمين أنموذجا ‘ILMU AL-BAYAN FI ASY-SYI‘R AL-‘ARABI AS-SINAGALI: SYI‘R MUHAMMADU AL-AMIN ANIMAWDHAJAN
Authors: Diop Ahmad Dame , Ibraheem Lateef Onireti
Published: December 2019

تعلم السنغاليون اللغة العربية وآدابها لحبهم لها ولفهم القرآن الكريم ومبادئ الإسلام وأحكامه وقضاياه، وقد تمكن منهم أشخاص من قرض الشعر العربي الجيد، ونظم قصائد ومقطوعات بجميع أغراض الشعر غير الخمريات والمجون والزندقة والخلاعة، ولعلم البيان مكانة مرموقة في أشعارهم لما يجدون منه ملجا خصبا للتعبير عن عواطفهم وأفكارهم وخيالهم، والشاعر محمد الأمين بن الشيخ إبراهيم نياس الكولخي شاعر يخدم اللغة العربية، عمدنا إلى دراسة علم البيان في شعره ليكون نموذجا للشعر العربي السنغالي ولبيان أهمية علم البلاغة ودوره في إبراز وإخراج الدرر النفيسة من أعماق أفكار الشعراء السنغاليين. ولمحمد الأمين ديوان وقصائد متفرقة في مختلف الموضوعات، ونظرا لصعوبة استيعاب دراسة علوم البلاغة في شعره لتشعب فروعها في هذه المقالة الضيقة نطاقها، اكتفينا بدراسة علم البيان فيها. استخدمنا في البحث المنهج التحليلي والمنهج التاريخي وتوصلت المقالة إلى أن الشاعر محمد الأمين تمكن من تطبيق علم البيان بأنواعه على وجه أحسن وبليغ. وتوصي الباحثين والدارسين على دراسة الشعر العربي السنغالي لاستفادة والإفادة.

 

The Senegalese studied Arabic Language and its Literature because of their love for the language of the Holy Quran and in order to understand the principles, cultures and jurisprudence of Islam. In the course of that, some of them mastered the language to the extent of making use of it to compose beautiful poetry. They have composed poems on different themes, except the ones considered offensive to Islam and outlandish to its teachings, like describing alcohol, erotic poems for both female and male and infidelity poems. Al-bayan, which is the core of Arabic Rhetoric, was employed by Senegalese poets in their work in order to effectively convey their ideas, feelings and emotions to others. The aim of this study, therefore, is to examine their usage of al-Bayan rhetorical devices and evaluate the level of their compliance to its rules in Arabic rhetoric. However, due to the fact that this lofty aim cannot be achieved in a paper with a short scope like this, we chose the poetry of Muhammad al-Amin, the son of Shaykh Ibrahim Niyas, as a case study. To achieve this, the paper was divided in to four sections. The first one is a preamble, the second section gives biography of the poet, and the third section is the rhetorical analysis of his poem, while the fourth section is the conclusion in which the summary, the result and the recommendations were given. It was discovered that Muhammad al-Amin, to a large extent, successfully employed al-Bayan in his poetry and adequately represents the height the Senegalese have attained in composition of Arabic poetry in Senegal. We recommended, among other things, that scholars should intensify their study of Senegalese poetry in Arabic, which is hitherto receiving low patronage, in order to uncover its hidden treasure.
SYMBOLIC FUNCTION AND MEANING OF ONTALAN TRADITION IN MADURANESE WEDDING
Authors: Hasan Nor , Susanto Edi
Published: December 2019

Ontalan is a Maduranese tradition at weddings. The term of ontalan (oncal: Javanese) means throwing, which is throwing money at the bride and groom when they are sitting side by side. As a tradition, ontalan is something that has been done and has become part of the life and local wisdom of the Pamekasan community which is still being implemented. The social function of ontalan is to strengthen social relations between families, a symbol of family cohesiveness, and also as a symbol of agreement on the marriage of the bride and groom. While the economic function of ontalan is in order to help families who have an intention and as a provision of life for a new couple. Some people continue to try preserving these traditions through inheritance to the next generation, construction and modification so that the tradition is in accordance with the times.

Ontalan adalah tradisi orang Madura di pesta pernikahan. Istilah ontalan (oncal: Jawa) berarti melempar, yaitu melempar uang ke pengantin saat mereka duduk berdampingan. Sebagai sebuah tradisi, ontalan adalah sesuatu yang telah dilakukan dan telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan dan kearifan lokal masyarakat Pamekasan yang masih dilaksanakan. Fungsi sosial ontalan adalah untuk memperkuat hubungan sosial antar keluarga, simbol kekompakan keluarga, dan juga sebagai simbol kesepakatan tentang pernikahan mempelai pria dan wanita. Sedangkan fungsi ekonomi ontalan adalah untuk membantu keluarga yang memiliki niat dan sebagai bekal hidup bagi pasangan baru. Beberapa orang terus mencoba melestarikan tradisi ini melalui warisan kepada generasi berikutnya, konstruksi dan modifikasi sehingga tradisi tersebut sesuai dengan zaman.
Becoming Aware of Compassionate Care through a Patient's Story: Reflections from First-Year Nursing Students
Authors: Jeffers Stephanie
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to understand how faculty members can use literature to teach first-year nursing students about compassionate care and the nursing role. A group of first-year nursing students wrote letters to the author of a book that details his experiences following a catastrophic motor vehicle accident. Thematic analysis of the letters revealed three major themes: Lessons about Compassion through Literature; Changing Personal, Professional, and Educational Perspectives; and Connecting to the Story on a Personal Level. The data was interpreted with the use of Mezirow's Transformative Learning Theory (1997). The results of the study show that students ‘beliefs about the profession of nursing, the role of the nurse in providing compassionate care, and their own education, were transformed. Additionally, using literature was shown to be an effective teaching strategy.
The Nursing Doctorate: One Size Does Not Fit All
Authors: Young Diane , Colvin Natasha , Seibenhener Sherry , Johnson Andrea
Published: December 2019

The demand for Advanced Practice Registered Nurses, nursing faculty, and nursing leaders is driving the increase in nurses seeking doctoral degrees (Bednash, Brelin, Kirschling, & Rosseter, 2014). A variety of programs have emerged to prepare nurses for careers in health administration, research, and advanced clinical practice. Prospective graduate level nursing students can choose from doctoral programs focused on research or practice. Potential doctoral students now have several different degrees to choose from, and deciding which one is right for them can be a daunting task.
The Role of the Doctor of Nursing Practice in Promoting Nonpharmacologic Pain and Comfort Management
Authors: Nichols Tara
Published: December 2019

In this article the author presents her vision for integration of nonpharmacologic treatments, many taken from whole systems of care (Verhoef et al., 2005), for both pain and comfort management. By combining the evidence-based practice expertise of the clinical nurse specialist role with the knowledge of innovation, systems thinking, health policy, and implementation science acquired in the Doctor of Nursing Practice program, she is engaging interprofessional teams to join her shared vision.
Making Advance Directives Visual: Introducing Young Adults to Advance Care Planning with Video-Recorded Advance Directives
Authors: Kiersch Cameron , Potter Teddie
Published: December 2019

The complexities surrounding the dying process may distort rational decision-making and impact care at the end of life. Advance care planning, which focuses on identifying the individual's definition of quality of life, holds great potential to provide clarity at the end of life. Currently, young adults are not the intended audience for advance care planning. A quality improvement project engaged 36 college-age adults in structured group advance care planning discussions and evaluated the perceived value of a self-recorded advance directive. Findings from a pre- and postintervention survey suggested that young adults welcomed a conversation about end-of-life care; they wished for more information and expressed that a video-recorded advance directive stimulated thoughts about their own definition of quality of life. Participants ‘improved self-perception of comfort, confidence, certainty, and knowledge regarding the advance care planning process and end-of-life care indicated young adults may be a willing and eager population for the expansion of advance care planning. In addition to directing advance care planning to a younger audience, a personal video-recorded advance directive may complement the current advance care planning process and aid individuals in defining their quality of life.
Teachers’ Job Motivation Resources: Scale Development Study
Authors: YAVUZ TABAK Burcu , SÖNMEZ Emre , YENEL Kübra , KAN Adnan
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study is to develop a measurement tool that determines the job motivation resources of teachers based on selected motivation theories. In this context, the measurement tool was prepared based on Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory, McClelland’s Theory of Needs, and Vroom’s Expectancy Theory. Within the scope of the study, validity and reliability studies were conducted. For research validity; expert opinion was received, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted. EFA was performed with a group of 272 teachers and CFA was performed on a different working group of 417 teachers. Working groups were determined based on maximum diversity sampling method. According to the results of the structure validity of the research; the scale has five-factor structure consisting of 33 items. These factors were determined as “need”, “belief”, “power”, “encouragement”, and “achievement” respectively. It was concluded that this five-factor scale explained 66.21% of the variance. As a result of the CFA application, it has been observed that the scale shows good fit values in general. As a result of the applications and analyzes, it can be said that the scale is a valid and reliable scale and it has sufficient values in terms of psychometry.
Plankton Biodiversity in The Burai River of Ogan Ilir District, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Fatiqin Awalul
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the abundance of plankton in the Ogan Ilir regency of South Sumatra. Samples were obtained using a purposive random sampling method with plankton as the main material for measuring abundance and the Shannon Wiener Diversity Index (H), Simpson Dominance Index (C), and plankton abundance index. The results of the study obtained six classes consisting of 15 genera of plankton including Fragielaria, Synedra, Eunotia, Diatom, Fustulia, Oedogonium, Gonium, Chaetophora, Microspora, Allona, Neuplius, Lyngbya, Spirulina, Cyclotella and Dismidium. Diversity value at point 1 (1.75) with medium category, point 2 (3.5) with high category, point 3 (0.75) with the medium category. The diversity value of three points is known to be low in population.
Diversity of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Sumber Clangap and Waduk Selorejo, East Java
Authors: Ashari Fariska Nur , Addiniyah Nur Rizatul
Published: December 2019

Diversity of butterflies in various habitats very diverse, and it is one of them in the region Sumber Clangapdan Waduk Selorejo. It has seen from the combination of colors and which wing shape varies. In this, bothregions were chosen because it had been affected by Mount Kelud eruption, which causes damage to thesurrounding area. The purpose of this research is to know the diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera:Rhopalocera) in the region of Sumber Clangap and Waduk Selorejo, East Java. This research wasconducted on 26-29 January 2019. Sampling has taken by the method of Belt transect along the transectpath randomly with a technique snapshot experiment and a sweeping technique. Based on theobservations obtained 3 of the same family, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, and Papillionidae. The butterflydiversity in Waduk Selorejo belongs to low, whereas in Sumber Clangap are classified by index Shannon-Winner = 0.38 H ' and H ' = 2.47. Found eight types of butterflies from 3 families with a total of 13 speciesand has a value of H ' =2.47.
Characterization of Chitosan from Shell of Snail (Achatina Fulica F) and Its Antibacterial Activity againts Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Umar Umar , Surahmaida Surahmaida , Alta Rio , Ningrum Rizka Surya
Published: December 2019

The shell of snail contains chitin that can be transformed into chitosan through four stages, which are deproteination, demineralization, depigmentation, and deacetylation. Chitosan can be utilized as an antibacterial agent because it has amine groups. In this research, chitosan that prepared from the snail shell will be analyzed using FT-IR spectroscopy to determine the deacetylation degree (DD). The antibacterial activity test result of Staphylococcus aureus will be carried out on chitosan with various concentrations using in-vitro Kirby Bauer method and will be analyzed using One Way ANOVA with confidence level at 95%. The variations concentration of chitosan used is 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 ppm. The result shows that the deacetylation degree of chitosan is 63.09% and the optimum concentration of chitosan that can inhibit the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is 500 ppm with diameter inhibition is 34.33 mm.
ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Jīlī, Waḥdat al-Wujūd, and Reconfiguring Epistemology
Authors: Lohlker Rüdiger
Published: December 2019

This study introduces some new ideas into the study of ideas in Sufism. Taking al-Jīlī and, esp., his al-Insān al-kāmil as a starting point this study argues a holistic worldview following the concepts of the oneness of being (waḥdat al-wujūd) will be able to integrate – and to be integrated – into contemporary scientific concepts like chemical fluctuation, the new synthesis, and holobionts. This will lead to creating a general philosophy of being beyond the Western biases.
Permanent tooth eruption based on chronological age and gender in 6-12-year old children on Madura
Authors: Marjianto Agus , Sylvia Mieke , Wahluyo Soegeng
Published: December 2019

Background: Tooth eruption, the movement of teeth toward the oral cavity clinically marked by the emergence of the cusp or incisal edge, is very important in determining the chronological age of a child. Unfortunately, tooth eruption in 6-12-year olds on the island of Madura has yet to be investigated. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze differences in permanent tooth eruption between boys and girls aged 6 to 12 years old on Madura. Methods: This study employed an observational analytic design in combination with a cross-sectional approach. The samples used in this study were selected by means of simple random sampling technique. Post-selection informed consent of the child subjects was obtained with their chronological age being assessed and determined prior to tooth eruption. The normality of the data was subsequently analyzed by application of a one sample non-parametric Kolmogorov Smirnov test. Thereafter, repeated Anova tests were conducted to determine differences in the permanent tooth eruption of the subjects. Results: Based on the normality test results, the significance value of the permanent maxillary teeth in the male subjects was 0.993, while that of their permanent mandibular teeth was 0.695. In contrast, the significance value of the permanent maxillary teeth in the female subjects was 0.970, while that of their permanent mandibular teeth was 0.918. According to the results of the repeated measure ANOVA test, differences existed in the eruption of the permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth between the males and females with a significance value (ρ) of 0.020. The mean value of permanent mandibular tooth eruption in the females was 56.59 ± SD 33.403, while that of their permanent maxillary tooth eruption was 50.77 ± SD 34.201. The mean value of the permanent mandibular tooth eruption in the males was 55.31 ± 33.024, while that of their permanent maxillary tooth eruption was 48.77 ± SD 34.201. Conclusion: On Madura, the permanent teeth of chronological 6-12-year old females, particularly their permanent mandibular canine teeth, erupt earlier than those of their male counterparts.
Práticas musicais na Licenciatura em Educação do Campo da UFT/Tocantinópolis: um estudo sobre as percepções de docentes e discentes
Authors: Pereira Sérgio Da Silva , Mateiro Teresa
Published: December 2019

O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi compreender como professoras e professores de música e estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo (Leduc), da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), campus Tocantinópolis, percebem as práticas musicais na formação docente. Para tanto, as(os) estudantes responderam a um questionário, e com os docentes foi realizada uma entrevista. A análise dos dados considerou as expectativas das(os) estudantes e professoras(es), suas práticas musicais e identificação com a proposta da educação do campo a partir da construção de um diálogo, principalmente, com o pensamento de Paulo Freire e Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Este trabalho celebra o protagonismo da Leduc-UFT em propor um curso de formação em Artes-Música para os povos do campo, sendo uma iniciativa única no Brasil. Os resultados levam à compreensão de que as práticas musicais na educação do campo sinalizam para um caminhar metodológico capaz de romper com o paradigma da linha abissal do conhecimento musical tradicional europeu, considerando que há um processo de construção e reconstrução do projeto e dos sujeitos para uma prática musical libertária e pós-abissal.
OPTIMASI DAYA TETAS TELUR IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus gouramy, Lac) DENGAN PENGONTROLAN SUHU AIR
Authors: Rimalia Anny , Kisworo Yulius
Published: December 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of different temperatures and stocking densities and the hatching rate of Gouramy eggs with Experimental Design of Factorial Complete Randomized Design The main treatments of temperature, including A1: Temperature 28ºC and A2: Temperature 30ºC. The main treatment of stocking density includes B1: Stocking density of 10 pcs/liters and B2: Stocking density of 20 pcs/liters. The results were obtained as follows: Different temperatures did not have a significant effect on the hatching rate of Gouramy eggs. Different stocking densities have a significant effect on the hatching rate of Gouramy eggs. The interaction of temperature and stocking density did not have a significant effect on the hatching rate of Gouramy eggs. From the results of measurements of water quality parameters obtained water temperature data 28 and 30 ° C, pH 7.3 - 8.5 and DO (dissolved oxygen) ranged from 4.68 to 5.00 ppm
RESPON TIGA VARIETAS CAISIM (Brassica juncea L.) TERHADAP BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR
Authors: Sugeng Destia Susanti , Yatmin Yatmin , Priyadi Priyadi
Published: December 2019

Liquid organic fertilizer is a technology in fertilizing to facilitate application. This study aims to study the response of three types of caisim plant varieties that are applied liquid organic fertilizer with several levels of concentration. The study was conducted using a Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD), which was arranged in factorial with three replications. The first factor is three varieties of caisim (V) consisting of three levels, namely: v1 = tosakan variety, v2 = shinta variety, v3 = kumala variety. The second factor is the concentration of organic liquid fertilizer (C) consisting of three levels, namely: c1 = 3 ml / l water, c2 = 6 ml / l, c3 = 9 ml / l. The homogeneity of the research data was tested by Bartlett test and Tuckey tested the data in addictiveness then analyzed with variance and continued with the smallest significant difference test (LSD) at 5% level. The results showed that the use of three types of caisim varieties showed significant differences in the growth and yield of caisim plants as indicated by the plant height, leaf number and shoot-root ratio. The treatment of liquid organic fertilizer concentration showed no significant difference in the growth and yield of caisim plants in all observed variables.
PENGARUH PERILAKU NASABAH BANK SAMPAH TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI TPA BAKUNCI KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT
Authors: Kiptiah Mariatul , Meldayannoor Meldayannoor , Kuswoyo Anton
Published: December 2019

Trash Bank is effective management which aims to encourage people in managing a better environment. The trash bank increased people's awareness in reducing trash transported to the landfill, as well as being an effective solution in dealing with the trash so that through the community trash bank they could deposit trash and increased their wealth as a collective income, and to be able to process trash into compost. This study aimed to determine the behavior of the community in managing their trash, to influence public awareness in the uses of trash in Bakunci Landfill trash bank as a means to increase people's income and to reduce trash; which is processed into compost; as an environmental feasibility analysis. The method used in this study was a survey method with purposive sampling as its sampling technique. The obtained research data were in the form of primary and secondary data. The results of this study were: the behavior of garbage bank customers; including simple administration and a good operational system; influenced Y in the form of savings and was influenced by variable X1, namely the administration and variable X2, namely Operational. Both of these variables had a significant effect of 92.29% with an error tolerance of 0.05 or 5%. The influence of trash bank customers in managing trash into compost had an effect on the income of trash bank customers with a profit of Rp. 23,856,000 / month and was also feasible for the environment.
KONSEP PENATAAN PERMUKIMAN KUMUH TEPIAN SUNGAI DI KELURAHAN SUNGAI BILU KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Rahman Syaiful , Mentayani Ira , Rusmilyasari Rusmilyansari , Mahreda Emmy Sri
Published: December 2019

The uncontrolled condition of settlements on the banks of the river city of Banjarmasin has made the settlements of the river banks as slums. Almost all river banks in each kelurahan are categorized as slums so that the actual river banks can be assets of the city of Banjarmasin, on the contrary, it is a bad face for the city. The program and arranging of structural slums in the river bank settlements in Kelurahan Sungai Bilu have indeed been carried out, but basically, they have not been successfully managed completely. Identification of the characteristics of riverbank slum settlements needs to be done to find out the aspects and variables that affect the slum of riverbank settlements to then formulate an appropriate arranging concept and can be implemented in riverbank slum settlements in the study location. Data analysis in identifying the characteristics of riverbank slum settlements is by presenting tabulated data on the results of a statistical questionnaire completed with mapping and field documentation and through narrative exposure. The theory triangulation analysis is used to formulate the concept of arranging suitable riverbank slum settlements and can be carried out at the research location. The results were obtained for the characteristics of slum settlements and the concept of arranging slum areas in the river banks in Kelurahan Sungai Bilu are arranging in aspects of the function and form of residential building mass, arranging environmental infrastructure, arranging environmental utility systems, arranging public and social facilities, and arranging on non-physical aspects.
VALUASI EKONOMI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI KOTA MUKOMUKO, KABUPATEN MUKOMUKO, PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Ta’alidin Zamdial , Hartono Dede , Johan Yar
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study is to calculate the economic valuation of mangrove ecosystems, as well as their contribution to the community in Mukomuko City, Mukomuko Regency, Bengkulu Province. This research was conducted by survey methods and using primary and secondary data. Primary data collection is done by observation and interview methods. The research respondents were determined by purposive sampling. Data analysis with qualitative descriptive method. The method of economic valuation was applied to estimate Total Economic Valuation (TEV) based on the total direct use value, indirect use value, option value, and existence value. Mangrove ecosystem in Mukomuko City is found in 3 locations (Bandar Ratu Village, Ujung Padang Village, and Pasar Mukomuko Village) with a total area of ± 121.14 ha. The composition of mangrove vegetation found in Mukomuko City consists of 4 true mangrove species and 1 non-mangrove species. The calculation results show that the TEV of the mangrove ecosystem in Mukomuko City is Rp. 7,135,622,252.76 per year or Rp. 58,903,931.41 per ha per year. Total Economic Value of the mangrove ecosystem in Mukomuko City consists of the direct use value of Rp. 732,600,000,- or Rp. 6,047,548.29,- per year; the indirect use value of Rp. 2,445,468,722.76,- or Rp. 20,187,128.30 per hectare per year; option value Rp. 25,984,530,- per year; existence value Rp. 3,858,309,000,- per year or Rp. 31,850,000 per hectare per year; and bequest value Rp. 73,260,000,- or Rp. 604,754.83 per hectare. The biggest use-value is the existing value, which is 54.07%, while the direct value only 10.22%.
ANALISIS PENATAAN PERMUKIMAN KUMUH RENCANA KAWASAN 1 KOTA BANJARMASIN KUIN UTARA - ALALAK SELATAN - ALALAK TENGAH - ALALAK UTARA
Authors: Kurniasih Dwi , Mentayani Ira , Hartati Lilis , Abidin Zainal
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this research is to identify factors inhibiting the implementation of the arrangement of the slum area plan for Banjarmasin City. The method used in this study uses purposive sampling data collection techniques, namely secondary and primary (Questionnaire, interview, observation/observation) in the city of Banjarmasin. The method of data analysis with the help of SPSS 25 is to find out the Data Validation and Reliability Tests for the inhibiting factors in the arrangement of slums, the inhibiting index of the inhibiting factors in the structuring of slums, and the partial F test to find out the significant levels of the factors inhibiting the implementation of slums. The results of the research that have been carried out that obtained 20 implementation factors and 8 factors inhibiting the implementation of the arrangement of slums are low community income, lack of community involvement in decision making, documents that are not of good quality, non-functioning KPP (Development Maintenance Group), the quality of community self-help groups still low, the difficulty of changing people's behavior.
Kernel Complexity for Nonparametric Distributions and Detection of Its Changes
Authors: Hirai So , Yamanishi Kenji
Published: December 2019

This paper addresses the issues of how we can quantify structural information for nonparametric distributions and how we can detect its changes. Structural information refers to an index for a global understanding of a data distribution. When we consider the problem of clustering using a parametric model such as a Gaussian mixture model, the number of mixture components (clusters) can be thought of as structural information in the model. However, there does not exist any notion of structural information for nonparametric modeling of data. In this paper we introduce a novel notion of {\em kernel complexity} (KC) as structural information in the nonparametric setting. The key idea of KC is to combine the information bias inspired by the Gini index with the information quantity measured in terms of the normalized maximum likelihood (NML) code length. We empirically show that KC has a property similar to the number of clusters in a parametric model. We further propose a framework for structural change detection with KC in nonparametric distributions. With synthetic and real data sets we empirically demonstrate that our framework enables us to detect structural changes underlying the data and their early warning signals.
The Cape Wetland Restionaceae of New Years Peak under a Changing Climate
Authors: Ayuk James , Raitt Lincoln , Midgley Guy , Chari Martin , Kalumba Ahmed Mukalazi
Published: December 2019

The Cape Restionaceae species, an endemic of the Fynbos Biome, is threatened by urbanization, alien plant invasion, agricultural expansion, and groundwater extraction. This is further worsened by the semi-arid conditions and hydrological variability factors, which influences species niche dynamics. Therefore, it is important to assess and monitor the Restionaceae species for preservation of their endemism and richness. This study models the hydrological niche and distribution changes of Restionaceae species at the New Years Peak (NYP) at microclimate level for biodiversity conservation. MaxEnt modelling and GIS analytical approaches were applied at various stages in niche modelling process as follows: (i) microclimatic input raster layers’ generation, (ii) ecological modelling and hydrological niche manipulation, and (iii) spatial distributional change mapping. The hydrological niches of the Restionaceae were effectively examined under the recent climate and compared with RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 future climate scenarios as the microscale environmental inputs. The results showed that most of the studied Restionaceae species positioned themselves along a hydrological gradient. Each species tolerated a range of hydrological conditions, which formed their hydrological niche. Changing climate would cause both positive and negative species range shifts. The study assists in plant species conservation and future climate change impact analysis on endangered plant species.
Evaluation on Sports Facility Resource in Primary School Using a Combined Approach of Unsupervised Machine Learning: a Case Study of Shanghai, China
Authors: Xia Jun , Chen Pei-Jie , Wang Ji-Hong , Zhuang Jie , Cao Zhen-Bo , Zhang Qiang
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study is (a) to develop, test, and employ a combined method of unsupervised machine learning to objectively assess the condition of sports facility in primary schools (PSSFC) and (b) examine the examine the geographical and typological association with PSSFC. Based on the Sixth National Sports Facility Census (NSFC), six PSSFC indicators (indoor and outdoor facility included) were selected as the measurements and decomposed by using the t-stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE). Thereafter, the Fuzzy C-mean (FCM) algorithm was used to cluster the same type of PSSFC with selecting the optimum numbers of evaluation level. Overall 845 primary schools in Shanghai, China were recruited and tested by this combined approach of unsupervised machine learning. In addition, the two-way analysis of covariance was used to examine the location and types of school associated with PSSFC variables in each level. The combined method was found to have acceptable reliability and good interpretability, differentiating PSSFC into five gradient levels. The characteristics of PSSFC differ by the location and school type of individual school. Our findings are conducive to the regionalized and personalized intervention and promotion on the children’s physical activity (PA) upon the practical situation of particular schools.
The Effect of Spinal Arthrodesis on Health-Related Quality of Life for Patients with Nonambulatory Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Shaw K. Aaron , Reifsnyder Jeremy , Hire Justin M. , Fletcher Nicholas D. , Murphy Joshua S.
Published: December 2019

» Scoliosis is common in patients with cerebral palsy, and its incidence increases with the severity of the cerebral palsy.

» Although there are growing reports of improved outcomes with spinal arthrodesis for scoliosis in children with nonambulatory cerebral palsy, there is no evidence-based recommendation for the scoliosis treatment approach, either operative or nonoperative, that maximizes patient health-related quality of life (HRQoL) parameters in this subgroup.

» Operative intervention for neuromuscular scoliosis improves patient and caregiver outcomes and satisfaction in children with nonambulatory cerebral palsy when compared with observational treatment.

» There is insufficient evidence to suggest that spinal arthrodesis for scoliosis in children with nonambulatory cerebral palsy influences HRQoL parameters.
Winnipeg’s Millennium Library needs Solidarity, not Security
Authors: Selman Brianne , Curnow Joe
Published: December 2019

We argue that Winnipeg’s downtown Millennium Library’s aggressive and invasive security screening practices represent a threat to libraries across North America. Drawing on critical librarianship literatures, as well as anti-racist and criminological scholarship, we argue that moves to implement security screening in libraries flies in the face of best practices for public libraries, creates opportunities for racial bias and harm, and does not make patrons or staff safer. We trace the multiple ways that securitization creates harm for different marginalized communities. We then argue that Millennium Library is not alone in facing this risk, and that solidarity and mobilization by other librarians will be necessary to stem the tide on securitization.
Comprehensive Gene Expression Analysis Reveals Factors that Influence the Progression, Occurrence and Development of AML-M4
Authors: Qu Ying , Zhang Shuying , Qu Yanzhang , Guo Heng , Wang Suling , Wang Xuemei , Huang Tianjiao , Zhou Hong
Published: December 2019

Background Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4), a special type of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), is a clonal malignant disease with poor prognosis and a low overall survival rate. Here, we aim to explore the molecular mechanism of AML-M4 development and progression using integrative bioinformatic analysis. Methods We used an integrative method to identify potential driven genes in AML-M4. We firstly identify DEGs using limma packages and annotated them by GO and KEGG. To avoid individual bias, GSEA was adopted to certify the results. Furthermore, we constructed the PPI network using WGCNA which was superimposed onto STRING database. We also assessed the correlation and mutation among hub genes to deeply explore the biological mechanism in AML-M4. Finally, we confirmed our results by experiments. Results The results show that FLT3, WT1 and TP53, which are involved in transcriptional misregulation were upregulated, while PPBP and CCR7, which regulate cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, as well as CD24, which acts as a protein marker of AML, were downregulated. 12 hub genes were found through the TCGA an Oncomain analysis, and the results also show that FLT3, CCR7 and MMP-9 can be potential targets for the detection and treatment of AML-M4. Conclusion The overall aim of this study was to identify critical pathways and genes associated with AML-M4, and to also provide potential therapeutic targets and new research ideas for the treatment and early detection of AML-M4.
Characterization of genome-wide genetic variations between two varieties of tea plant (Camellia sinensis) and development of InDel markers for genetic research
Authors: Liu Shengrui , An Yanlin , Tong Wei , Qin Xiuju , Samarina Lidia , Guo Rui , Xia Xiaobo , Wei Chaoling
Published: December 2019

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (InDels) are the major genetic variations and are distributed extensively across the whole plant genome. However, few studies of these variations have been conducted in the long-lived perennial tea plant. Results: In this study, we investigated the genome-wide genetic variations between Camellia sinensis var. sinensis ‘Shuchazao’ and Camellia sinensis var. assamica ‘Yunkang 10’, identified 7,511,731 SNPs and 255,218 InDels based on their whole genome sequences, and we subsequently analyzed their distinct types and distribution patterns. A total of 48 InDel markers that yielded polymorphic and unambiguous fragments were developed when screening six tea cultivars. These markers were further deployed on forty-six tea cultivars for transferability and genetic diversity analysis, exhibiting information with an average 4.02 of the number of alleles (Na) and 0.457 of polymorphism information content (PIC). The dendrogram showed that the phylogenetic relationships among these tea cultivars are highly consistent with their genetic backgrounds or original places. Interestingly, we observed that the catechin/caffeine contents between ‘Shuchazao’ and ‘Yunkang 10’ were significantly different, and a large number of SNPs/InDels were identified within catechin/caffeine biosynthesis-related genes. Conclusion: The identified genome-wide genetic variations and newly-developed InDel markers will provide a valuable resource for tea plant genetic and genomic studies, especially the SNPs/InDels within catechin/caffeine biosynthesis-related genes, which may serve as pivotal candidates for elucidating the molecular mechanism governing catechin/caffeine biosynthesis.
Impact of Eastern Congo Ebola Outbreak on Child Health Services Delivery: Decline of Routine Child Immunization and Need for Vaccine Supplementation
Authors: Michel-Kabamba Nzaji , Christophe-Luhata Lungoyo , Ngatu Nlandu Roger , Othepa Charlotte , Bertin-Lora Mwimba , Arsene-Kabwaya Mukola , Bateyi Stephane H. , Hoff Nicole A. , Leon-Kabamba Ngombe , Muzembo Basilua Andre , Wada Koji , Ikeda Shunya , Mukamba Elisabeth , Guillaume-Ngoie Mwamba , Oscar-Luboya Numbi
Published: December 2019

Background
An Ebola disaster, the deadliest in the history of Ebola in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), is unfolding in North Kivu and Ituri provinces. An interdisciplinary research team investigated the impact of the Ebolavirus disease (EVD) outbreak on vital health services delivery under the coordination of DRC National Vaccination Program, Ministry of Health. We report on the impact of the ongoing Eastern Congo EVD outbreak on routine child immunization in the EVD-affected in North Kivu province, DRC.
Methods
This was a retrospective longitudinal study consisting in a time-trend analysis that was conducted in 40 public health facilities that organize routine child immunization in four of the 34 ‘Health Zones’ of the North Kivu province, namely Beni, Butembo, Katwa and Mabalako. Data were collected during two distinct 3-month periods: the “pre-Ebola period” (1 May through July 2018) and the “Ebola period” (1 August through October 2018), to compare the vaccination trends. Mean number of vaccine doses administered in pre-Ebola and Ebola periods were compared (unpaired t test).
Results
Compared to the “pre-Ebola period”, overall monthly mean vaccines uptake dropped during the “Ebola period”: BCG (157.1 ± 150.3 vs. 227.5 ± 138.4; p<0.0001), Oral polio (OPV: 505.1 ± 474.6 vs. 631.3 ± 353.9; p<0.001), Measles vaccine (147.6 ± 126.7 vs. 184.7 ± 102.5; p<0.001), pneumoccocal vaccine (PCV13: 445.8 ± 395.5 vs. 554.3 ± 299.8; p<0.001) and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV: 183.9 ± 141 vs. 153.9 ± 146.6; p<0.01). Furthermore, when considering the trend in child immunization in each of the four Health Zones during ‘Ebola period’, vaccine uptake shrank considerably in most health zones, whereas a complete disruption of vaccine delivery was observed in Mabalako health zone where the epicenter of this outbreak is located.
Conclusion
The ongoing Ebola outbreak has a negative impact on child health services, routine vaccination in particular. Supplementary immunization coupled with the strengthening of routine child vaccination services should be implemented to address gaps in immunity among children in affected provinces and reduce the risk of other infectious diseases outbreaks.
Keywords: Democratic Republic of Congo; Ebola virus disease; Child immunization;
Outbreak.
Dexmedetomidine protects human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by inactivating endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway
Authors: Zhai Mingyu , Han Mingming , Huang Xiang , Kang Fang , Yang Chengwei , Li Juan
Published: December 2019

Background: The study was aimed to explore the effects and potential mechanisms of Dexmedetomidine (Dex) on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells. Methods: Human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells were divided into four groups: control group, Dex group, H/R group, and Dex + H/R group. After treatment, cell viability rate and cell apoptosis rate were measured by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Afterwards, the expressions of Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), caspase-12 and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by western blot. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity were determined by assay kits. Results: Compared with control group, the cell viability rate was decreased and cell apoptotic was increased in H/R group. Besides, cell viability rate was increased, and cell apoptotic rate of HK-2 cells was decreased in Dex + H/R group, compared with H/R group. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of HIF-1α was up-regulated, and the expressions of GRP78, CHOP, capase-12 and cleaved caspase-3 were down-regulated in Dex + H/R group. In addition, the concentrations of MDA in Dex + H/R group and H/R group were 1.68 ± 0.22 nmol/mgprot and 0.85 ± 0.16 nmol/mgprot, which showed a 49.4% decrease in Dex + H/R group. However, after Dex treatment, the SOD activity was rose to 121 ± 11 U/L, which was more than twice larger than that in H/R group (57 ± 10 U/L). Conclusions: Dex could inhibit cell apoptosis by up-regulating the expression of HIF-1α, reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating oxidative stress, thus ameliorating the H/R injury.
LncRNA and mRNA expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in primary Sjögren’s syndrome patients
Authors: Peng Yu , Xuan Luo , Chen Yingying , Peng Linyi , Deng Chuiwen , Zhang Wen , Fei Yunyun , Zhao Yan
Published: December 2019

Background The aim of this study was to elucidate the expression profile and the potential role of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) patients. Methods RNA-seq technology was used to detect the differentially expressed LncRNAs and mRNAs between five paired pSS patients and healthy control PBMCs. The selected LncRNAs were detected in the validation study by RT-qPCR in 16 paired pSS patients and healthy controls. The GO, KEGG, co-localization, and co-expression analysis were performed to enrich the potential gene functions and pathways.Results In this study, 44 out of 1772 LncRNAs and 1034 out of 15424 mRNAs were expressed differentially in the PBMCs of pSS patients. LINC00426, TPTEP1-202, CYTOR, NRIR, and BISPR were validated as aberrantly expressed, and these LncRNAs strongly correlated with disease activity of pSS. GO and KEGG pathway analysis revealed the significant enrichment of biological processes, cellular components, and molecular function of the up and down-regulated mRNAs, which were mainly concentrated in the immune response and immune system processes. Co-localization and co-expression analysis also revealed that differentially expressed LncRNAs in the PBMCs of pSS were strongly correlated to the mRNA functioning associated with immune response and cell metastasis. Conclusions Numerous LncRNAs and mRNAs were found differentially expressed in the PBMCs of pSS patients, especially NRIR and BISPR; they interacted with the co-localized and co-expressed mRNAs, which might participate in the pathogenesis of pSS through the NF-κB, JAK-STAT, and other signaling pathways that regulate cell metastasis.
The extent of Knowledge and practice toward neonatal resuscitation among nurses and midwives in public hospitals of South Wollo, northeast Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study
Authors: biset gebeyaw , Bizuwork Ketema , Habte Teshome , Birkie Mengesha , Woday Abay
Published: December 2019

Background: The neonatal period is the most vulnerable time for child morbidity and mortality. Asphyxia due to poor resuscitation techniques contributed significantly to this vulnerability. Therefore, this study is aimed to assess the extent of knowledge and practice towards neonatal resuscitation among nurses and midwives in public hospitals of south Wollo northeast Ethiopia. Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was employed among 143 study participants selected by a simple random sampling method from each hospital. Self-administered questionnaire and interview-based guide were used to collect data. Data were coded and entered into EPI data software version 3.1 and was exported into SPSS version 20 for analysis. Logistic regression with backward LR method was performed to see the possible associations of factors with the outcome variables. Finally, p-values of less than 0.05 in multivariate analysis were declared having a significant association with the outcome variable. Result: One hundred and forty-three participants were included with a response rate of 100%. Only 32.9% and 24.5% of the participants had good knowledge and practice toward neonatal resuscitation respectively. After adjustment was made for covariates; lack of training (AOR: 3.44, 95% CI:1.54-7.68), absence of guideline (AOR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.68-8.58) and lack of supportive supervision (AOR: 2.49, 95% CI:1.1-5.6) were significantly associated with poor knowledge score, whereas absence of guidelines (AOR: 2.83, 95% CI:1.12-7.15) and lack of supportive supervision (AOR: 5.28, 95% CI: 1.86-14.96) were significantly associated with the poor practice of the participants. Specialization with neonatology (AOR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.047-0.8) was associated with good practice level of neonatal resuscitation. Conclusion: Knowledge and practice of nurses and midwives toward neonatal resuscitation were suboptimal. The training was found to be a single predictor for knowledge while supportive supervision and availability of resuscitation guidelines were predictors for both knowledge and practice toward neonatal resuscitation. Therefore, regular training and supportive supervision need to be strengthened to fill the identified gaps. Other observational and qualitative studies are recommended to explore factors that contributed to poor knowledge and practice toward neonatal resuscitation.