bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data augmentation in microscopic images for material data mining
Authors: Ma Boyuan , Wei Xiaoyan , Liu Chuni , Ban Xiaojuan , Huang Haiyou , Wang Hao , Xue Weihua , Wu Stephen , Gao Mingfei , Shen Qing , Mukeshimana Michele , Abuassba Adnan Omer , Shen Haokai , Su Yanjing
Published: August 2020

Recent progress in material data mining has been driven by high-capacity models trained on large datasets. However, collecting experimental data (real data) has been extremely costly owing to the amount of human effort and expertise required. Here, we develop a novel transfer learning strategy to address problems of small or insufficient data. This strategy realizes the fusion of real and simulated data and the augmentation of training data in a data mining procedure. For a specific task of grain instance image segmentation, this strategy aims to generate synthetic data by fusing the images obtained from simulating the physical mechanism of grain formation and the “image style” information in real images. The results show that the model trained with the acquired synthetic data and only 35% of the real data can already achieve competitive segmentation performance of a model trained on all of the real data. Because the time required to perform grain simulation and to generate synthetic data are almost negligible as compared to the effort for obtaining real data, our proposed strategy is able to exploit the strong prediction power of deep learning without significantly increasing the experimental burden of training data preparation.
Pharmacogenomics of COVID-19 therapies
Authors: Takahashi Takuto , Luzum Jasmine A. , Nicol Melanie R. , Jacobson Pamala A.
Published: August 2020

A new global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in high mortality and morbidity. Currently numerous drugs are under expedited investigations without well-established safety or efficacy data. Pharmacogenomics may allow individualization of these drugs thereby improving efficacy and safety. In this review, we summarized the pharmacogenomic literature available for COVID-19 drug therapies including hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, azithromycin, remdesivir, favipiravir, ribavirin, lopinavir/ritonavir, darunavir/cobicistat, interferon beta-1b, tocilizumab, ruxolitinib, baricitinib, and corticosteroids. We searched PubMed, reviewed the Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase (PharmGKB®) website, Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pharmacogenomics information in the product labeling, and the FDA pharmacogenomics association table. We found several drug-gene variant pairs that may alter the pharmacokinetics of hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine (CYP2C8, CYP2D6, SLCO1A2, and SLCO1B1); azithromycin (ABCB1); ribavirin (SLC29A1, SLC28A2, and SLC28A3); and lopinavir/ritonavir (SLCO1B1, ABCC2, CYP3A). We also identified other variants, that are associated with adverse effects, most notable in hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine (G6PD; hemolysis), ribavirin (ITPA; hemolysis), and interferon β -1b (IRF6; liver toxicity). We also describe the complexity of the risk for QT prolongation in this setting because of additive effects of combining more than one QT-prolonging drug (i.e., hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine and azithromycin), increased concentrations of the drugs due to genetic variants, along with the risk of also combining therapy with potent inhibitors. In conclusion, although direct evidence in COVID-19 patients is lacking, we identified potential actionable genetic markers in COVID-19 therapies. Clinical studies in COVID-19 patients are deemed warranted to assess potential roles of these markers.
Reduced levels of circulating adhesion molecules in adolescents with early-onset psychosis
Authors: Wedervang-Resell Kirsten , Ueland Thor , Aukrust Pål , Friis Svein , Holven Kirsten B. , H. Johannessen Cecilie , Lekva Tove , Lonning Vera , Smelror Runar E. , Szabo Attila , Andreassen Ole A. , Myhre Anne M. , Agartz Ingrid
Published: August 2020

It is suggested that neurodevelopmental abnormalities are involved in the disease mechanisms of psychotic disorders. Although cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) participate in neurodevelopment, modulate blood–brain barrier permeability, and facilitate leukocyte migration, findings concerning their systemic levels in adults with psychosis are inconsistent. We examined plasma levels and mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of selected CAMs in adolescents with early-onset psychosis (EOP) aged 12–18 years (n = 37) and age-matched healthy controls (HC) (n = 68). EOP patients exhibited significantly lower circulating levels of soluble platelet selectin (~−22%) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (~−14%) than HC. We found no significant associations with symptom severity. PSEL mRNA expression was increased in PBMCs of patients and significantly negatively correlated to duration of illness. These findings suggest a role for CAMs in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders.
Publisher Correction: The tuatara genome reveals ancient features of amniote evolution
Authors: Gemmell Neil J. , Rutherford Kim , Prost Stefan , Tollis Marc , Winter David , Macey J. Robert , Adelson David L. , Suh Alexander , Bertozzi Terry , Grau José H. , Organ Chris , Gardner Paul P. , Muffato Matthieu , Patricio Mateus , Billis Konstantinos , Martin Fergal J. , Flicek Paul , Petersen Bent , Kang Lin , Michalak Pawel , Buckley Thomas R. , Wilson Melissa , Cheng Yuanyuan , Miller Hilary , Schott Ryan K. , Jordan Melissa D. , Newcomb Richard D. , Arroyo José Ignacio , Valenzuela Nicole , Hore Tim A. , Renart Jaime , Peona Valentina , Peart Claire R. , Warmuth Vera M. , Zeng Lu , Kortschak R. Daniel , Raison Joy M. , Zapata Valeria Velásquez , Wu Zhiqiang , Santesmasses Didac , Mariotti Marco , Guigó Roderic , Rupp Shawn M. , Twort Victoria G. , Dussex Nicolas , Taylor Helen , Abe Hideaki , Bond Donna M. , Paterson James M. , Mulcahy Daniel G. , Gonzalez Vanessa L. , Barbieri Charles G. , DeMeo Dustin P. , Pabinger Stephan , Van Stijn Tracey , Clarke Shannon , Ryder Oliver , Edwards Scott V. , Salzberg Steven L. , Anderson Lindsay , Nelson Nicola , Stone Clive ,   Ngatiwai Trust Board, Smillie Jim , Edmonds Haydn
Published: August 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: OutPredict: multiple datasets can improve prediction of expression and inference of causality
Authors: Cirrone Jacopo , Brooks Matthew D. , Bonneau Richard , Coruzzi Gloria M. , Shasha Dennis E.
Published: August 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Deep-learning-based image quality enhancement of compressed sensing magnetic resonance imaging of vessel wall: comparison of self-supervised and unsupervised approaches
Authors: Eun Da-in , Jang Ryoungwoo , Ha Woo Seok , Lee Hyunna , Jung Seung Chai , Kim Namkug
Published: August 2020

While high-resolution proton density-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of intracranial vessel walls is significant for a precise diagnosis of intracranial artery disease, its long acquisition time is a clinical burden. Compressed sensing MRI is a prospective technology with acceleration factors that could potentially reduce the scan time. However, high acceleration factors result in degraded image quality. Although recent advances in deep-learning-based image restoration algorithms can alleviate this problem, clinical image pairs used in deep learning training typically do not align pixel-wise. Therefore, in this study, two different deep-learning-based denoising algorithms—self-supervised learning and unsupervised learning—are proposed; these algorithms are applicable to clinical datasets that are not aligned pixel-wise. The two approaches are compared quantitatively and qualitatively. Both methods produced promising results in terms of image denoising and visual grading. While the image noise and signal-to-noise ratio of self-supervised learning were superior to those of unsupervised learning, unsupervised learning was preferable over self-supervised learning in terms of radiomic feature reproducibility.
Innovative prolonged-release oral alkalising formulation allowing sustained urine pH increase with twice daily administration: randomised trial in healthy adults
Authors: Guittet C. , Roussel-Maupetit C. , Manso-Silván M. A. , Guillaumin F. , Vandenhende F. , Granier L. A.
Published: August 2020

A multi-particulate fixed-dose combination product, consisting of a combination of two alkalising salts formulated as prolonged-release granules, ADV7103, was developed to obtain a sustained and prolonged alkalising effect. The specific release of both types of granules was shown in vitro through their dissolution profiles, which indicated that potassium citrate was released within the first 2–3 h and potassium bicarbonate up to 10–12 h after administration. The long-lasting coverage of ADV7103 was confirmed through a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, two-period study, measuring its effect on urine pH in healthy adults (n = 16) at doses of alkalising agent ranging between 0.98 and 2.88 meq/kg/day. A significant increase of urine pH with a positive dose–response in healthy adult subjects was shown. Urine pH above 7 was maintained during 24 h with a dosing equivalent to 1.44 meq/kg twice a day, while urine pH was below 6 most of the time with placebo. The effect observed was non-saturating within the range of doses evaluated and the formulation presented a good safety profile. ADV7103 provided an effective prolonged release of alkalising salts to cover a 12-h effect with adequate tolerability and could afford a twice a day (morning and evening) dosing in patients requiring long-term treatment.
An interphase pool of KIF11 localizes at the basal bodies of primary cilia and a reduction in KIF11 expression alters cilia dynamics
Authors: Zalenski Abigail A. , Majumder Shubhra , De Kuntal , Venere Monica
Published: August 2020

KIF11 is a homotetrameric kinesin that peaks in protein expression during mitosis. It is a known mitotic regulator, and it is well-described that KIF11 is necessary for the formation and maintenance of the bipolar spindle. However, there has been a growing appreciation for non-mitotic roles for KIF11. KIF11 has been shown to function in such processes as axon growth and microtubule polymerization. We previously demonstrated that there is an interphase pool of KIF11 present in glioblastoma cancer stem cells that drives tumor cell invasion. Here, we identified a previously unknown association between KIF11 and primary cilia. We confirmed that KIF11 localized to the basal bodies of primary cilia in multiple cell types, including neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells. Further, we determined that KIF11 has a role in regulating cilia dynamics. Upon the reduction of KIF11 expression, the number of ciliated cells in asynchronously growing populations was significantly increased. We rescued this effect by the addition of exogenous KIF11. Lastly, we found that depleting KIF11 resulted in an increase in cilium length and an attenuation in the kinetics of cilia disassembly. These findings establish a previously unknown link between KIF11 and the dynamics of primary cilia and further support non-mitotic functions for this kinesin.
Reversible control of magnetism in FeRh thin films
Authors: Merkel Dániel G. , Lengyel Attila , Nagy Dénes L. , Németh Attila , Horváth Zsolt E. , Bogdán Csilla , Gracheva Maria A. , Hegedűs Gergő , Sajti Szilárd , Radnóczi György Z. , Szilágyi Edit
Published: August 2020

The multilayer of approximate structure MgO(100)/[nFe51Rh49(63 Å)/57Fe51Rh49(46 Å)]10 deposited at 200 °C is primarily of paramagnetic A1 phase and is fully converted to the magnetic B2 phase by annealing at 300 °C for 60 min. Subsequent irradiation by 120 keV Ne+ ions turns the thin film completely to the paramagnetic A1 phase. Repeated annealing at 300 °C for 60 min results in 100% magnetic B2 phase, i.e. a process that appears to be reversible at least twice. The A1 → B2 transformation takes place without any plane-perpendicular diffusion while Ne+ irradiation results in significant interlayer mixing.
Tissue-targeted R-spondin mimetics for liver regeneration
Authors: Zhang Zhengjian , Broderick Caroline , Nishimoto Marni , Yamaguchi Teppei , Lee Sung-Jin , Zhang Haili , Chen Hui , Patel Mehaben , Ye Jay , Ponce Alberto , Brady Jennifer , Baribault Hélène , Li Yang , Yeh Wen-Chen
Published: August 2020

R-spondin (RSPO) proteins amplify Wnt signaling and stimulate regeneration in a variety of tissues. To repair tissue in a tissue-specific manner, tissue-targeted RSPO mimetic molecules are desired. Here, we mutated RSPO (RSPO2 F105R/F109A) to eliminate LGR binding while preserving ZNRF3/RNF43 binding and targeted the mutated RSPO to a liver specific receptor, ASGR1. The resulting bi-specific molecule (αASGR1-RSPO2-RA) enhanced Wnt signaling effectively in vitro, and its activity was limited to ASGR1 expressing cells. Systemic administration of αASGR1-RSPO2-RA in mice specifically upregulated Wnt target genes and stimulated cell proliferation in liver but not intestine (which is more responsive to non-targeted RSPO2) in healthy mice, and improved liver function in diseased mice. These results not only suggest that a tissue-specific RSPO mimetic protein can stimulate regeneration in a cell-specific manner, but also provide a blueprint of how a tissue-specific molecule might be constructed for applications in a broader context.
The effects of contextual diversity on incidental vocabulary learning in the native and a foreign language
Authors: Frances Candice , Martin Clara D. , Duñabeitia Jon Andoni
Published: August 2020

Vocabulary learning occurs throughout the lifespan, often implicitly. For foreign language learners, this is particularly challenging as they must acquire a large number of new words with little exposure. In the present study, we explore the effects of contextual diversity—namely, the number of texts a word appears in—on native and foreign language word learning. Participants read several texts that had novel pseudowords replacing high-frequency words. The total number of encounters with the novel words was held constant, but they appeared in 1, 2, 4, or 8 texts. In addition, some participants read the texts in Spanish (their native language) and others in English (their foreign language). We found that increasing contextual diversity improved recall and recognition of the word, as well as the ability to match the word with its meaning while keeping comprehension unimpaired. Using a foreign language only affected performance in the matching task, where participants had to quickly identify the meaning of the word. Results are discussed in the greater context of the word learning and foreign language literature as well as their importance as a teaching tool.
Experimental demonstration of dynamic thermal regulation using vanadium dioxide thin films
Authors: Morsy Ahmed M. , Barako Michael T. , Jankovic Vladan , Wheeler Virginia D. , Knight Mark W. , Papadakis Georgia T. , Sweatlock Luke A. , Hon Philip W. C. , Povinelli Michelle L.
Published: August 2020

We present an experimental demonstration of passive, dynamic thermal regulation in a solid-state system with temperature-dependent thermal emissivity switching. We achieve this effect using a multilayered device, comprised of a vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film on a silicon substrate with a gold back reflector. We experimentally characterize the optical properties of the VO2 film and use the results to optimize device design. Using a calibrated, transient calorimetry experiment we directly measure the temperature fluctuations arising from a time-varying heat load. Under laboratory conditions, we find that the device regulates temperature better than a constant emissivity sample. We use the experimental results to validate our thermal model, which can be used to predict device performance under the conditions of outer space. In this limit, thermal fluctuations are halved with reference to a constant-emissivity sample.
Influence of the initial foot contact strategy on knee joint moments during stair and ramp descent
Authors: Jeon Hyeong-Min , Choi Eui-Bum , Heo Jae-Hoon , Eom Gwang-Moon
Published: August 2020

Gait modification strategies are effective in reducing knee joint loads, which are associated with the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the effect of modification of the initial foot contact method in high-loading descending task was not investigated. Here, we show that the initial foot contact strategy significantly alters knee joint moments during descending tasks. We found that the second peak flexion moment was lower for the forefoot strike (FFS) than for the rearfoot strike (RFS) in both stair and ramp descent. As for the peak adduction moment, the second peak was lower for the FFS in stair descent, but two peaks were inconsistent in ramp descent. Our results demonstrate that the knee joint loads can be reduced by simple modification of the initial foot contact strategy. In both descending modalities, the FFS may benefit people with early OA in the patellofemoral joint, whose progression is associated with the peak flexion moment. Likewise, the FFS during stair descent may benefit people with early OA in the medial knee, whose progression is associated with the peak adduction moment. The results would be helpful for prevention and rehabilitation programmes of knee OA.
Next generation sequencing-aided comprehensive geographic coverage sheds light on the status of rare and extinct populations of Aporia butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
Authors: Todisco Valentina , Vodă Raluca , Prosser Sean W. J. , Nazari Vazrick
Published: August 2020

The Black-veined WhiteAporia crataegi(Linnaeus, 1758), a common and widespread butterfly ranging from northwestern Africa to Europe and Asia, has been extinct in Britain since the 1920s and is on a steady decline in several other parts of its range. In order to investigate genetic diversity withinA. crataegiand its correspondence with current subspecies-level taxonomy, we barcoded 173 specimens from across its range including, for the first time, extinct populations from Britain and Korea. Using next generation sequencing we also obtained a sequence forAporia joubini, a peculiar taxon from China known only by its type specimen collected in the early twentieth century. Our phylogenetic analysis placedA. joubinisister toA. oberthuri, although further taxon sampling may reveal a different scheme. WithinA. crataegi, we observed a shallow and weak mitogenomic structure with only a few distinct lineages in North Africa, Sicily, Iran, and Japan. Eurasian populations, including those extinct in Britain and Korea, clustered into a large set of closely allied lineages, consistent with a recent expansion during the Late Pleistocene glacial period. This study highlights the importance of museum collections and the unique opportunities they provide in documenting species diversity and helping conservation efforts.
A comparative metabolomic study on desi and kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes under rainfed and irrigated field conditions
Authors: Nisa Zaib Un , Arif Anjuman , Waheed Muhammad Qandeel , Shah Tariq Mahmood , Iqbal Ayesha , Siddiqui Amna Jabbar , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal , El-Seedi Hesham R. , Musharraf Syed Ghulam
Published: August 2020

Chickpea is considered among the most important leguminous crops in the world. However, in recent years drought conditions and/or limited availability of water have significantly reduced the production of chickpea. The current study was aimed to understand the legume stress response at the metabolic level for the determination of chickpea genotypes which can resist yield losses and could be cultivated with limited water availability. Here, we have analyzed two genotypes of chickpea, desi and kabuli under rainfed condition using a GC–MS based untargeted metabolomics approach. Results revealed significant differences in several metabolite features including oxalic acid, threonic acid, inositol, maltose and l-proline between studied groups. Accumulation of plant osmoprotectants such as l-proline, sugars and sugar alcohols was higher in desi genotype than kabuli genotype of chickpea when grown under the rainfed condition. Metabolic pathway analysis suggests that the inositol phosphate metabolism was involved in plant defense mechanisms against the limited water availability.
Fine mapping of a leaf flattening gene Bralcm through BSR-Seq in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)
Authors: Zhang Meidi , Huang Shengnan , Gao Yue , Fu Wei , Qu Gaoyang , Zhao Yonghui , Shi Fengyan , Liu Zhiyong , Feng Hui
Published: August 2020

Leaf flattening influences plant photosynthesis, thereby affecting product yield and quality. Here, we obtained a stably inherited leaf crinkled mutant (lcm), derived from the Chinese cabbage doubled haploid (DH) ‘FT’ line using EMS mutagenesis combined with isolated microspore culture. The crinkled phenotype was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, namely Bralcm, which was preliminarily mapped to chromosome A01 by bulked segregant analysis RNA-seq, and further between markers SSRS-1 and IndelD-20 using 1,575 recessive homozygous individuals in F2 population by a map-based cloning method. The target region physical distance was 126.69 kb, containing 23 genes; the marker SSRMG-4 co-segregated with the crinkled trait. Further, we found SSRMG-4 to be located on BraA01g007510.3C, a homolog of AHA2, which encodes H+-ATPase2, an essential enzyme in plant growth and development. Sequence analysis indicated a C to T transition in exon 7 of BraA01g007510.3C, resulting in a Thr (ACT) to Ile (ATT) amino acid change. Genotyping revealed that the leaf crinkled phenotype fully co-segregated with this SNP within the recombinants. qRT-PCR demonstrated that BraA01g007510.3C expression in lcm mutant leaves was dramatically higher than that in wild-type ‘FT’. Thus, BraA01g007510.3C is a strong candidate gene for Bralcm, and AHA2 is possibly associated with leaf flattening in Chinese cabbage.
Author Correction: Dielectric properties of hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides: from monolayer to bulk
Authors: Laturia Akash , Van de Put Maarten L. , Vandenberghe William G.
Published: August 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Network pharmacology suggests biochemical rationale for treating COVID-19 symptoms with a Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Zhang Deng-hai , Zhang Xue , Peng Bin , Deng Sheng-qiong , Wang Yu-fang , Yang Lin , Zhang Kai-zheng , Ling Chang-quan , Wu Kun-lun
Published: August 2020

Chinese herbal formulas including the lung-cleaning and toxicity-excluding (LCTE) soup have played an important role in treating the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic (caused by SARS-CoV-2) in China. Applying LCTE outside of China may prove challenging due to the unfamiliar rationale behind its application in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine. To overcome this barrier, a biochemical understanding of the clinical effects of LCTE is needed. Here, we explore the chemical compounds present in the reported LCTE ingredients and the proteins targeted by these compounds via a network pharmacology analysis. Our results indicate that LCTE contains compounds with the potential to directly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and inflammation, and that the compound targets proteins highly related to COVID-19’s main symptoms. We predict the general effect of LCTE is to affect the pathways involved in viral and other microbial infections, inflammation/cytokine response, and lung diseases. Our work provides a biochemical basis for using LCTE to treat COVID-19 and its main symptoms.
A multilayered cancer-on-a-chip model to analyze the effectiveness of new-generation photosensitizers
Authors: Flont Magdalena , Jastrzębska Elżbieta , Brzózka Zbigniew
Published: August 2020

Three-dimensional (3D) cellular models of cancer tissue are necessary tools to analyze new anticancer drugs under in vitro conditions.
A photoelectrochemical sensor based on a reliable basic photoactive matrix possessing good analytical performance for miRNA-21 detection
Authors: Fu Nina , Wang Lulu , Zou Xin , Li Chang , Zhang Shengyu , Zhao Baomin , Gao Yu , Wang Lianhui
Published: August 2020

A photoelectrochemical biosensor based on a reliable basic photoactive matrix for miRNA-21 detection, possessing the advantages of detection sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, was developed.
DNA branch migration amplification cascades for enzyme-free and non-label aptamer sensing of mucin 1
Authors: Peng Ying , Yang Fang , Li Xiaolong , Jiang Bingying , Yuan Ruo , Xiang Yun
Published: August 2020

The elaborate design and manipulation of DNA branch migration cascades enables label- and enzyme-free sensitive detection of mucin 1 biomarker.
Punicalagin ameliorates wear-particle-induced inflammatory bone destruction by bi-directional regulation of osteoblastic formation and osteoclastic resorption
Authors: Wang Qing , Ge Gaoran , Liang Xiaolong , Bai Jiaxiang , Wang Wei , Zhang Wenhao , Zheng Kai , Yang Sen , Wei Minggang , Yang Huilin , Xu Yaozeng , Liu Boling , Geng Dechun
Published: August 2020

Schematic showing inhibition mechanism of PCG on wear-particle-induced inflammatory bone destruction by bi-directional regulation of osteoblastic formation and osteoclastic resorption.
Natural polysaccharide-incorporated hydroxyapatite as size-changeable, nuclear-targeted nanocarrier for efficient cancer therapy
Authors: Ren Xiaoxiang , Yi Zeng , Sun Zhe , Ma Xiaomin , Chen Guangcan , Chen Zhenhua , Li Xudong
Published: August 2020

Nuclear-targeted, size-changeable polysaccharide hybrid hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were prepared for the delivery of doxorubicin for cancer therapy, showing low toxicity to healthy tissue cells but strong killing effect on tumor cells.
A thorough analysis and categorization of bacterial interrupted adenylation domains, including previously unidentified families
Authors: Lundy Taylor A. , Mori Shogo , Garneau-Tsodikova Sylvie
Published: August 2020

In-depth study of intriguing bacterial interrupted adenylation domains from seven distinct families and six different types.
Two-component supramolecular hydrogel for controlled drug release
Authors: Patterson Anna K. , Smith David K.
Published: August 2020

A hybrid gel has been developed by combining two supramolecular gelators, with each gelator providing the gel with its own desirable properties.
Freeze-drying assisted biotemplated route to 3D mesoporous Na3V2(PO4)3@NC composites as cathodes with high performance for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Sun Hongxia , Liu Zheng , Lai Fengyu , Wang Xiaodan , Wang Chao , Yu Nan , Geng Baoyou
Published: August 2020

A facile freeze-drying assisted biotemplated route is developed to synthesize Na3V2(PO4)3 embedded in a N-doped three-dimensional mesoporous carbon framework, which has a superior initial discharge capacity and stability for Na-ion batteries.
Investigation of Au droplet formation and growth of SixGe1−x nanowires by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Lange Felix , Ernst Owen C. , Teubner Thomas , Boeck Torsten
Published: August 2020

Characteristic Au droplet size distributions on Si(111) were investigated and correlated to the subsequent growth of SixGe1−x nanowires.
Non-selective synthesis and controllable transformation of parallel MnO2 with hydrogen ions
Authors: Guo Ziyang , Fu Xin , Zhang Yuxin , Chen Ke
Published: August 2020

Acids play a vital role in the controlled synthesis of parallel MnO2; the appropriate acid groups with highest oxidation state have no effect on the parallel structure, but acid groups with reducibility can promote its formation.
Topological polymorphism and temperature-driven topotactic transitions of metal–organic coordination polymers
Authors: Dubskikh Vadim A. , Lysova Anna A. , Samsonenko Denis G. , Dybtsev Danil N. , Fedin Vladimir P.
Published: August 2020

A facile crystal-to-crystal solid-state phase transition between a low-temperature phase and a high temperature phase changes the MOF topology and involves a significant rearrangement of bulky organic ligands.
Charge pattern affects the structure and dynamics of polyampholyte condensates
Authors: Hazra Milan Kumar , Levy Yaakov
Published: August 2020

The charge pattern of intrinsically disordered proteins affects the dynamics and internal diffusion of their condensate formedvialiquid–liquid phase separation.
A mesoscopic numerical study of shear flow effects on asphaltene self-assembly behavior in organic solvents
Authors: Ahmadi Mohammad , Hassanzadeh Hassan , Abedi Jalal
Published: August 2020

We employ the Brownian dynamics simulation to examine the shear flow effects on the self-assembly behavior of asphaltenes.
The structure and chemical bonding in inverse sandwich B6Ca2and B8Ca2clusters: conflicting aromaticityvs.double aromaticity
Authors: Wang Ying-Jin , Guo Min-Min , Wang Gui-Lin , Miao Chang-Qing , Zhang Nan , Xue Teng-Dan
Published: August 2020

Boron-based B6Ca2and B8Ca2clusters adopt unique inverse sandwich architectures, which are stabilized by interesting conflicting aromaticity and double aromaticity, respectively.
Magnetic field and dilution effects on the slow relaxation of {Er3} triangle-based arsenotungstate single-molecule magnets
Authors: Chen Hanhan , Sun Lin , Zhang Jinpeng , Xiao Zikang , Ma Pengtao , Wang Jingping , Zhang Yiquan , Niu Jingyang
Published: August 2020

Triangular {Er3} cluster containing POM exhibits field-induced two thermally activated relaxation processes. Whereas, the diamagnetic dilution sample indicates slow magnetic relaxation with the QTM being partially suppressed.
Thermodynamic analyses of the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition in Pr2−xNdxNiO4+δ under controlled oxygen partial pressures
Authors: Niwa Eiki , Sato Tsubasa , Hashimoto Takuya
Published: August 2020

The standard entropy change, ΔS°, and enthalpy change, ΔH°, at the structural phase transition of Pr2−xNdxNiO4+δ and their impact on variation of phase transition temperature by Nd content.
Effect of dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium in sows on intestinal health of the offspring
Authors: Wang Chenxi , Zhang Boru , Zhang Hongyun , Yang Wei , Meng Qingwei , Shi Baoming , Shan Anshan
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium (PQQ·Na2) supplementation in sows during gestation and lactation on intestinal health in offspring.
Plasmonic heating-based portable digital PCR system
Authors: Ahrberg Christian D. , Choi Ji Wook , Lee Jong Min , Lee Kyoung G. , Lee Seok Jae , Manz Andreas , Chung Bong Geun
Published: August 2020

A miniaturized polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system is not only important for medical applications in remote areas of developing countries, but also important for testing at ports of entry during global epidemics, such as the current outbreak of the coronavirus.
2D-organic framework confined metal single atoms with the loading reaching the theoretical limit
Authors: Lin Chao , Zhang Hao , Song Xiaokai , Kim Dong-Hyung , Li Xiaopeng , Jiang Zheng , Lee Jung-Ho
Published: August 2020

A synthetic strategy utilizing a predesigned organic framework is demonstrated to construct high-density single-atom catalysts for long-lasting zinc–air flow batteries.
Enhancing FRET biosensing beyond 10 nm with photon avalanche nanoparticles
Authors: Bednarkiewicz Artur , Chan Emory M. , Prorok Katarzyna
Published: August 2020

Photon Avalanche nanoparticles as energy donors should extend the sensitivity range in Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) sensing to a few-fold longer distances as compared to conventional linear luminescent donors.
Synthesis of diamine functionalised graphene oxide and its application in the fabrication of electrically conducting reduced graphene oxide/polymer nanocomposite films
Authors: Maslekar Namrata , Mat Noor Rabiatul A. , Kuchel Rhiannon P. , Yao Yin , Zetterlund Per B. , Agarwal Vipul
Published: August 2020

The study focussed on synthesis of colloidally stable diamine functionalised graphene oxide (GO) with dangling free amine groups, and exhibited physicochemical and electrical properties of these functionalised sheets in a polymer-based nanocomposite.
Facile SrO nanorods: an efficient and alternate detection approach for the selective removal of 4-aminophenol towards environmental safety
Authors: Rahman Mohammed M. , Alam M. M. , Asiri Abdullah M. , Alamry K. A. , Hasnat M. A.
Published: August 2020

In this approach, it is introduced a new route to fabricate a reliable and reproducible wet-chemically prepared SrO NRs fabricated glassy carbon electrode sensor probe by electrochemical method for the detection of phenolic derivatives for the safety of environmental and healthcare fields in broad scales.
Robust multi-functional slippery surface with hollow ZnO nanotube structures
Authors: Fan Haifeng , Guo Zhiguang
Published: August 2020

A robust multi-functional slippery surface with hollow ZnO nanostructures shows excellent physical and chemical stability, anti-corrosion, anti-icing and anti-fouling properties.
Chemical syntheses of the salvinorin chemotype of KOR agonist
Authors: Hill Sarah J. , Brion Aurélien U. C. M. , Shenvi Ryan A.
Published: August 2020

Chemical syntheses of the salvinorin chemotype analyzed through the lens of chemical space navigation.
A combined experimental and theoretical approach revealing a direct mechanism for bifunctional water splitting on doped copper phosphide
Authors: Mondal Indranil , Mahata Arup , Kim Heeyoung , Pal Ujjwal , De Angelis Filippo , Park Jeong Y.
Published: August 2020

Surface doping of Fe in the hexagonal Cu3P composite does not alter the lattice parameters, but promotes the surface metallicity by stimulating lower oxidation state Cu species, resulting an increasing bifunctional water splitting activity.
Outer membrane vesicles derived fromE. colias novel vehicles for transdermal and tumor targeting delivery
Authors: Gu Ting-Wei , Wang Mao-Ze , Niu Jie , Chu Yang , Guo Ke-Ran , Peng Li-Hua
Published: August 2020

Transdermal drug delivery is favored in clinical therapy because of its ability to overcome the shortcomings of the first pass elimination of the liver caused by traditional oral administration and the irreversibility of the injection.
Micro cell vesicle technology (mCVT): a novel hybrid system of gene delivery for hard-to-transfect (HTT) cells
Authors: Ou Yi-Hsuan , Zou Shui , Goh Wei Jiang , Chong Suet Yen , Venkatesan Gopalakrishnan , Wacker Matthias G. , Storm Gerrit , Wang Jiong-Wei , Czarny Bertrand , Pastorin Giorgia , Woon Esther C. Y.
Published: August 2020

A new hybrid gene delivery platform (mCVT) remarkably improves the transfection efficiency of hard-to-transfect (HTT) cells, while preserving excellent biocompatibility.
High-performance monolayer Na3Sb shrinking transistors: a DFT-NEGF study
Authors: Zhou Wenhan , Zhang Shengli , Guo Shiying , Qu Hengze , Cai Bo , Chen Xiang , Zeng Haibo
Published: August 2020

2D materials with direct bandgaps and high carrier mobility are considered excellent candidates for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices.
van der Waals oxide heteroepitaxy for soft transparent electronics
Authors: Bitla Yugandhar , Chu Ying-Hao
Published: August 2020

Soft transparent electronics based on oxide van der Waals heteroepitaxy are reviewed.
Constructed Ag NW@Bi/Al core–shell nano-architectures for high-performance flexible and transparent energy storage device
Authors: He Xin , Liu Junyan , Zhao Sirou , Zhong Yu , Chen Bohua , Zhang Chi , Yang Weijia , Chen Mei , Xin Yue , Song Mingxia , Cai Guofa
Published: August 2020

We developed an Ag NW@Bi/Al 1D hierarchical nanostructure as a negative electrode for flexible and transparent energy storage device (FTESD), which endows high transparency, improved energy/power density and electrochemical stability.
CoP QD anchored carbon skeleton modified CdS nanorods as a co-catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Sun Qianqian , Yu Zebin , Jiang Ronghua , Hou Yanping , Sun Lei , Qian Lun , Li Fengyuan , Li Mingjie , Ran Qi , Zhang Heqing
Published: August 2020

CdS modified by CoP quantum dot anchored carbon skeleton exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance and photostability.
An effective strategy for the preparation of intrinsic low-kand ultralow-loss dielectric polysiloxanes at high frequency by introducing trifluoromethyl groups into the polymers
Authors: Liu Fengping , Chen Xingrong , Fang Linxuan , Sun Jing , Fang Qiang
Published: August 2020

Two new CF3-containing polysiloxanes with low dielectric constant (Dk) and dielectric loss (Df) at a high frequency of 5 GHz were reported. The sample with two −CF3groups exhibits better dielectric properties withDkof 2.53 and ultralowDfof 1.66 × 10−3.
Recent development in halogen-bonding-catalyzed living radical polymerization
Authors: Wang Chen-Gang , Chong Amerlyn Ming Liing , Pan Houwen Matthew , Sarkar Jit , Tay Xiu Ting , Goto Atsushi
Published: August 2020

The development and applications of an organocatalyzed living radical polymerization via halogen-bonding catalysis, i.e., reversible complexation mediated polymerization (RCMP), are highlighted.
A metal–organic framework with tunable exposed facets as a high-affinity artificial receptor for enzyme inhibition
Authors: Xu Ming , Meng Sha-Sha , Liang Hong , Gu Zhi-Yuan
Published: August 2020

Copper-based metal-organic framework HKUST-1 was utilized as artificial receptor to recognize positive-charged α-chymotrypsin with high affinity. The affinity between them could be tuned through comprehensive synthetic design of exposed facets.
Transamidation via C–N bond cleavage of amides and tertiary amines
Authors: Idris Muhammad Aliyu , Lee Sunwoo
Published: August 2020

Double C–N bond cleavage of amides and tertiary amines afforded the transamidated products in good yields.
Alstolarines A and B, two unusual monoterpenoid indole alkaloids with an acetal moiety from Alstonia scholaris
Authors: Zhang Jian , Song Min , Ao Yun-Lin , Li Yong , Zou Xue-Yi , Xu Jie , Wang Ying , Zhang Dong-Mei , Zhang Xiao-Qi , Ye Wen-Cai
Published: August 2020

Two novel monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, alstolarines A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from Alstonia scholaris, and exhibited promising vasorelaxant activities.
Recent advances in tandem selenocyclization and tellurocyclization with alkenes and alkynes
Authors: Sun Kai , Wang Xin , Li Chao , Wang He , Li Lei
Published: August 2020

This review highlights recent progress in tandem selenocyclization and tellurocyclization with alkenes and alkynes, with an emphasis on the scopes, limitations and mechanisms of these different reactions.
Electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen at platinum nanoparticles dispersed on electrochemically reduced graphene oxide/PEDOT:PSS composites
Authors: Getachew Teklewold , Addis Fitsum , Mehretie Solomon , Yip Hin-Lap , Xia Ruidong , Admassie Shimelis
Published: August 2020

Composites of commercially available graphene oxide and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) with solvent additive ethylene glycol were investigated as an alternative support for Pt nanoparticles towards the electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen.
Development of an antimicrobial and antioxidant hydrogel/nano-electrospun wound dressing
Authors: Romero-Montero Alejandra , Labra-Vázquez Pablo , del Valle Luis J. , Puiggalí Jordi , García-Arrazola Roeb , Montiel Carmina , Gimeno Miquel
Published: August 2020

The schematic representation of the hydrogel/nanofiber shows the gaps among electrospun-fibers filled with flowing precursor solution of the hydrogel.
Mesoporous silica-encapsulated gold core–shell nanoparticles for active solvent-free benzyl alcohol oxidation
Authors: Hammond-Pereira Ellis , Bryant Kristin , Graham Trent R. , Yang Chen , Mergelsberg Sebastian , Wu Di , Saunders Steven R.
Published: August 2020

Silica-encapsulated gold core@shell nanoparticles (Au@SiO2CSNPs) were synthesizedviaa tunable bottom-up procedure to catalyze the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol.
Polymorph selection during melt crystallization of the isotactic polybutene-1 homopolymer depending on the melt state and crystallization pressure
Authors: Dong Beibei , Yang Xiaokang , Ji Youxin , Su Fengmei , Shao Chunguang , Liu Chuntai
Published: August 2020

This work investigated the crystalline forms obtained from melt crystallization in the isotactic polybutene-1 (iPB-1) homopolymer via manipulation of the temperature at which samples were melted (Tmelt) and crystallization pressure (Pcry).
A lysosome-targeting viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probe based on a novel functionalised near-infrared xanthene-indolium dye and its application in living cells
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhao Tong , He Song , Zhao Liancheng , Zeng Xianshun
Published: August 2020

The viscosity of lysosomes plays a significant role in modulating biological processes and reflects the status and function of this kind of organelle, e.g., locations, morphologies, and components.
Tuning intrinsic ferromagnetic and anisotropic properties of the Janus VSeS monolayer
Authors: Abdollahi Mahsa , Bagheri Tagani Meysam
Published: August 2020

Motivated by the intrinsic ferromagnetic properties and high Curie temperature of V-based Janus dichalcogenide monolayers as a new class of 2D materials, we investigated the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of the Janus VSeS monolayer by first-principles calculations.
Sb 5s2 lone pairs and band alignment of Sb2Se3: a photoemission and density functional theory study
Authors: Don Christopher H. , Shiel Huw , Hobson Theodore D. C. , Savory Christopher N. , Swallow Jack E. N. , Smiles Matthew J. , Jones Leanne A. H. , Featherstone Thomas J. , Thakur Pardeep K. , Lee Tien-Lin , Durose Ken , Major Jonathan D. , Dhanak Vinod R. , Scanlon David O. , Veal Tim D.
Published: August 2020

Lone pair Sb 5s orbitals are identified at the valence band maximum of Sb2Se3 bulk crystals using photoemission and density functional theory. The resulting band alignments are determined and implications for solar cell applications are discussed.
LINC00205 promotes malignancy in lung cancer by recruiting FUS and stabilizing CSDE1
Authors: Xie Peng , Guo Yesong
Published: August 2020

Lung cancer (LC) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the initiation and progression of human cancers, including LC. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 205 (LINC00205) is identified as a novel lncRNA, which has only been unmasked to be a potential cancer promoter in hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. The biologic function and the molecular mechanism of LINC00205 in LC require to be investigated. In the present study, we observed the elevated expression of LINC00205 in LC tissues and cells through real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Additionally, silencing LINC00205 inhibited LC cell growth and migration, but aggravated cell apoptosis. Moreover, we found that LINC00205 recruited FUS to maintain the mRNA stability of cold shock domain containing E1 (CSDE1) and therefore up-regulated CSDE1 expression in LC. Further, the effects of LINC00205 on LC cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration were all erased by CSDE1 overexpression. These findings demonstrated that LINC00205 facilitates malignant phenotypes in LC by recruiting FUS to stabilize CSDE1, suggesting LINC00205 as a potential target for LC therapy.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells shift Th17/Treg ratio and promote systemic lupus erythematosus progression through arginase-1/miR-322-5p/TGF-β pathway
Authors: Pang Bo , Zhen Yu , Hu Cong , Ma Zhanchuan , Lin Shan , Yi Huanfa
Published: August 2020

Immune cells play important roles in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We previously found that myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC)-derived arginase-1 (Arg-1) promoted Th17 cell differentiation in SLE. In the present study, we performed RNA-chip to identify the microRNA regulation network between MDSCs and Th17 cells. miR-542-5p in humans, as the homologous gene of miR-322-5p in mice was significantly up-regulated in the Th17+MDSC group compared with Th17 cells cultured alone and down-regulated in the Th17+MDSC+Arg-1 inhibitor group compared with the Th17+MDSC group. We further evaluated the miR-322-5p and Th17/Treg balance in mice and found that the proportions of both Th17 cells and Tregs were elevated and that miR-322-5p overexpression activated the transforming growth factor-β pathway. Moreover, although miR-322-5p expression was higher in SLE mice, it decreased after treatment with an Arg-1 inhibitor. The proportion of Th17 cells and Th17/Treg ratio correlated with miR-322-5p levels. In conclusion, MDSC-derived Arg-1 and mmu-miR-322-5p not only promote Th17 cell and Treg differentiation, but also shift the Th17/Treg ratio in SLE. The Arg-1/miR-322-5p axis may serve as a novel treatment target for SLE.
Survey of Gravitationally-lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI)
Authors: Sonnenfeld Alessandro , Verma Aprajita , More Anupreeta , Baeten Elisabeth , Macmillan Christine , Wong Kenneth C. , Chan James H. H. , Jaelani Anton T. , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Oguri Masamune , Rusu Cristian E. , Veldthuis Marten , Trouille Laura , Marshall Philip J. , Hutchings Roger , Allen Campbell , O’ Donnell James , Cornen Claude , Davis Christopher P. , McMaster Adam , Lintott Chris , Miller Grant
Published: August 2020

Context.Strong lenses are extremely useful probes of the distribution of matter on galaxy and cluster scales at cosmological distances, however, they are rare and difficult to find. The number of currently known lenses is on the order of 1000.

Aims.The aim of this study is to use crowdsourcing to carry out a lens search targeting massive galaxies selected from over 442 square degrees of photometric data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey.

Methods.Based on the S16A internal data release of the HSC survey, we chose a sample of ∼300 000 galaxies with photometric redshifts in the range of 0.2 < zphot < 1.2 and photometrically inferred stellar masses of logM* > 11.2. We crowdsourced lens finding on this sample of galaxies on the Zooniverse platform as part of the Space Warps project. The sample was complemented by a large set of simulated lenses and visually selected non-lenses for training purposes. Nearly 6000 citizen volunteers participated in the experiment. In parallel, we used YATTALENS, an automated lens-finding algorithm, to look for lenses in the same sample of galaxies.

Results.Based on a statistical analysis of classification data from the volunteers, we selected a sample of the most promising ∼1500 candidates, which we then visually inspected: half of them turned out to be possible (grade C) lenses or better. By including lenses found by YATTALENSor serendipitously noticed in the discussion section of the Space Warps website, we were able to find 14 definite lenses (grade A), 129 probable lenses (grade B), and 581 possible lenses. YATTALENSfound half the number of lenses that were discovered via crowdsourcing.

Conclusions.Crowdsourcing is able to produce samples of lens candidates with high completeness, when multiple images are clearly detected, and with higher purity compared to the currently available automated algorithms. A hybrid approach, in which the visual inspection of samples of lens candidates pre-selected by discovery algorithms or coupled to machine learning is crowdsourced, will be a viable option for lens finding in the 2020s, with forthcoming wide-area surveys such as LSST,Euclid, and WFIRST.