bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplicação do processo de enfermagem em hospitais portugueses
Authors: Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes , Martins Maria Manuela Ferreira Pereira da Silva , Tronchin Daisy Maria Rizatto , Forte Elaine Cristina Novatzki
Published: September 2018

Resumo OBJETIVO Descrever a aplicação do processo de enfermagem pelos enfermeiros, que exercem funções em instituições hospitalares. MÉTODOS Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em 19 Centros Hospitalares de Portugal continental, no qual participaram 56 enfermeiros. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista semiestruturada. RESULTADOS Da análise de conteúdo realizada emergiram como categorias: processo de enfermagem; avaliação inicial; diagnóstico; planejamento; implementação e avaliação final. Apesar de nos últimos anos se ter assistido a uma progressiva apropriação do processo de enfermagem, a descrição das práticas dos enfermeiros tornam evidentes algumas fragilidades. CONCLUSÃOOs resultados do estudo evidenciam que a aplicação do processo de enfermagem requer maior clarificação e completude dos conteúdos incluídos nas etapas que o constituem.
Nutrição enteral domiciliar: perfil dos usuários e cuidadores e os incidentes relacionados às sondas enterais
Authors: Naves Larissa Kozloff , Tronchin Daisy Maria Rizatto
Published: September 2018

Resumo OBJETIVOS Caracterizar o perfil de usuários e cuidadores em nutrição enteral domiciliar (NED) e analisar os incidentes relacionados às sondas enterais. MÉTODO Estudo de coorte prospectivo realizado com 36 usuários e seus cuidadores. A coleta de dados foi conduzida por um período de seis meses em um programa de assistência domiciliária de um hospital universitário. Adotou-se análise descritiva e curva de sobrevida de Kaplan-Meier. RESULTADOS 66,7% dos sujeitos eram do sexo feminino, 77,8% com idade ≥ a 60 anos e 88,9% estavam acamados. 88,9% dos cuidadores pertenciam ao sexo feminino, possuíam vínculo familiar e idade de 51,2 ±13 anos. A incidência de extubação gástrica não planejada foi 0,67/100 pacientes-dia. CONCLUSÕES Apesar da escassez de estudos na temática de qualidade e segurança em assistência domiciliar, ações como o monitoramento das extubações e a implantação de medidas que reduzam ou mitiguem tais eventos, podem contribuir para assistência segura e livre de danos.
Adolescentes que vivem com HIV/aids: experiências de sexualidade
Authors: Sehnem Graciela Dutra , Pedro Eva Neri Rubim , Ressel Lúcia Beatriz , Vasquez Maria Eduarda Deitos
Published: September 2018

Resumo OBJETIVO Analisar as experiências de adolescentes que vivem com HIV/aids acerca da sexualidade. MÉTODO Pesquisa qualitativa realizada em um Serviço de Atendimento Especializado, de um município do Rio Grande do Sul, com 15 adolescentes que vivem com HIV/aids, no ano de 2014. Utilizou-se entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados por meio da proposta operativa de Minayo. RESULTADOS As primeiras interações afetivas dos adolescentes foram experienciadas por meio do ficar e namorar, fortemente, influenciadas pela valência diferencial de gênero nas construções familiares. As experiências de relações sexuais foram decorrentes da dimensão afetiva do relacionamento e não se davam sem preocupação para os adolescentes. Administrar a condição de soropositividade em seus relacionamentos afetivos mobilizava o seu cotidiano. CONCLUSÃO O aprendizado da sexualidade extrapola o acesso às informações, decorrendo das experiências vivenciadas, do momento e dos distintos cenários em que elas se inserem.
Percepção de familiares e cuidadores quanto à segurança do paciente em unidades de internação pediátrica
Authors: Peres Merianny de Avila , Wegner Wiliam , Cantarelli-Kantorski Karen Jeanne , Gerhardt Luiza Maria , Magalhães Ana Maria Muller de
Published: September 2018

Resumo OBJETIVO Conhecer a percepção de familiares e cuidadores quanto à Segurança do Paciente em unidades de internação pediátrica. MÉTODO Estudo qualitativo exploratório-descritivo. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 24 cuidadores, em três áreas de internação pediátrica de hospital universitário do sul do Brasil, entre junho e agosto de 2016. A análise de conteúdo temática foi realizada com auxílio do QSR NVivo 11.0. RESULTADOS Foram identificados nove temas, agrupados em duas categorias: “Pressupostos de segurança do paciente”, descrevendo conhecimentos que os cuidadores relacionaram à segurança do paciente e a necessidade de inclusão e parceria da família; e “Protocolos de segurança do paciente implementados na instituição”, destacando falas coerentes com protocolos já estabelecidos no hospital que promovem segurança. CONCLUSÕES As percepções dos cuidadores referentes a segurança do paciente em unidades de internação pediátrica demonstram que estes absorvem orientações que favorecem o cuidado seguro, embora não tenham um conhecimento formal a respeito do assunto.
O significado da realização da auto-ordenha do leite para as mães dos recém-nascidos prematuros
Authors: Pereira Marcelle Cristine do Rosário , Rodrigues Benedita Maria Rêgo Deusdará , Pacheco Sandra Teixeira de Araújo , Peres Patrícia Lima Pereira , Rosas Ann Mary Machado Tinoco Feitosa , Antonio Suzana
Published: September 2018

Resumo OBJETO Significado da auto-ordenha pelas mães de recém-nascido prematuro. OBJETIVO Analisar compreensivamente o significado da auto-ordenha para a mãe de recém-nascido prematuro. METODOLOGIA Estudo qualitativo, baseado na fenomenologia sociológica de “Alfred Schutz”, participaram 19 mães de RNPT internados numa maternidade pública do município do Rio de Janeiro. A captação das falas deu-se através de entrevista gravadas com equipamento eletrônico MP3. RESULTADOS A partir da leitura atenta e buscando as similaridades entre os relatos, emergiram duas categorias concretas do vivido: Auto-ordenhar possibilita o melhor para o bebê e Superar as suas dificuldades em auto-ordenhar na perspectiva da produção de leite. CONCLUSÃOO estudo aponta para a importância da escuta sensível para captar o entendimento das mães sobre a importância da auto-ordenha, valorizando o seu projeto intencional, na perspectiva do melhor direcionamento das orientações a serem realizadas pelo profissional de enfermagem.
Yield and Composition of the Essential oil of Tetradenia riparia (Hochst) Codd (Lamiaceae) Cultivated Under Different Shading Levels
Authors: ARAÚJO L.L.N. , MELO H.C. , PAULA J.R. , ALVES F.R.R. , PORTES T.A.
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: Light has direct influence on growth and development by altering the morphophysiology of the plant and the content and composition of secondary metabolites. The present study aimed to evaluate the yield and composition of the essential oil of Tetradenia riparia cultivated under different shading levels. Plants were propagated by cuttings and cultivated either under full sunlight and in environment completely covered by black polyethylene sheeting to obtain shading levels of 30%, 50%, and 80%. Plants were grown under experimental conditions for 150 days. The essential oil was extracted from fresh leaves in triplicate for each treatment through steam distillation with a modified Clevenger apparatus. The components of the essential oil were identified using a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC/MS), and compared to retention indices and authentic mass. The largest yields of essential oil came from plants cultivated under 30% and 50% shading, followed by plants cultiveted under full sunlight and under 80% shading. The main component found was the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon 14-hydroxy-9-epi-(E)-caryophyllene. Some components, such as verbenone, were only found in the treatment under full sunlight, while numerous others were exclusive to the different shading treatments. The yield and chemical composition of the essential oil of T. riparia is influenced by the level of shading.
Abiotic Factors Affecting Seed Germination and Early Seedling Emergence of Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis)
Authors: WANG Y.H. , MA Y.L. , FENG G.J. , LI H.H.
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: Large crabgrass is one of the worst exotic weed in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of the world. In this study, the abiotic factors affecting seed germination and early seedling emergence of large crabgrass were investigated under laboratory conditions. The optimum temperatures of germination occurred at the range from 25 to 35 oC under 12 h light/12 h dark condition. Some seeds could germinate in the dark, but light exposure significantly stimulated the germination. Large crabgrass seed was tolerant to salinity level range of 0 to 160 and low water potential (11% germination at -0.8 MPa). Medium pH had no significant effect on seed germination and more than 90% seeds germination was obtained over a broad pH range from 4.0 to 10.0. Seed germination was significantly influenced by heat-shock and completely inhibited at 140 oC for 5 min. The greatest seedling emergence rate was 96% when seeds were planted at a soil depth of 1 cm. Knowledge of germination biology obtained from this study will be useful in the development of the integrated weed management strategies for this species, and to avoid its establishment as a troublesome weed in economically important cropping regions.
Allelopathic Potential of Lavender’s Extract and Coumarin Applied as Pre-Plant Incorporated Into Soil Under Agronomic Conditions
Authors: NAZEMI A.H. , ASADI G.A. , GHORBANI R.
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to further explore that if coumarin and lavender’s extract, similar to greenhouse conditions, are phytotoxic towards some plant species under agronomic conditions. Before planting of maize, coumarin at 0, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 g h-1 and lavender’s aqueous extract at 0, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, 8,000, and 16,000 mL h-1 were applied and incorporated into soil at a 3-5 cm depth. The density and biomass of weeds was significantly reduced by applying both compounds. The inhibition ability was also rate-dependent. Although the density and biomass of maize was also decreased at high rates, this crop showed higher tolerant to both compounds that all weeds.
Selection of Species with Soil Phytoremediation Potential After the Application of Protox-Inhibiting Herbicides
Authors: ALVES C. , GALON L. , KAIZER R.R. , HOLZ C.M. , WINTER F.L. , BASSO F.J.M. , PERIN G.F. , FORTE C.T.
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of summer-grown species planted in soils contaminated with the herbicides fomesafen or sulfentrazone. In a greenhouse, doses of fomesafen (0.0, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 kg ha-1) and or sulfentrazone (0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 kg ha-1), were applied in the pre-emergence of brown hemp, millet, velvet bean and sorghum. On the field, the recommended doses of fomesafen (0.250 kg ha-1) and sulfentrazone (0.600 kg ha-1) were used in the pre-emergence of brown hemp, velvet bean and sorghum, plus a treatment without cultivation. These species, before planting canola (bioindicator species), were submitted to mowing and burndown. In greenhouse trials, velvet bean, millet and sorghum tolerated fomesafen up to the recommended dose; sulfentrazone caused the total death of these plants. In the field experiments, the cultivation of velvet bean and brown hemp, in general, were the best alternatives preceding canola, in soil contaminated with fomesafen, and mainly velvet bean for sulfentrazone-contaminated areas. The number of siliques per plant of canola and its productivity were superior when using velvet bean as cover crop for both herbicides, regardless of the adopted management. It is possible to conclude that brown hemp and velvet bean were the species that best phytoremediated soils treated with fomesafen or sulfentrazone, and could be used in the decontamination of soils treated with these herbicides, regardless of the adopted management.
A teoria do novo individualismo
Authors: Elliott Anthony
Published: September 2018

Resumo Neste artigo busco atingir dois objetivos principais: primeiro, examinar e reiterar a teoria de um “novo individualismo” que detalhei em escritos recentes de teoria social. Afirmo que hoje presenciamos as condições e consequências de um novo individualismo que varre o mundo e que se evidencia especialmente na nova economia financista das indústrias de mídia e comunicação. Então pergunto: como a teoria do novo individualismo difere de outros pontos de vista influentes na teoria social recente? Para os propósitos deste artigo, os pontos conceituais de comparação com a teoria do novo individualismo serão (a) a teoria das “tecnologias do eu”, conforme elaborada por Michel Foucault e vários neofoucaultianos; e (b) a noção de “individualização reflexiva” delineada por Anthony Giddens. Em segundo lugar, discutirei ramificações sociológicas mais amplas da nova tese sobre o individualismo. O novo individualismo, argumentarei, não se refere meramente a indivíduos ou a suas disposições psicológicas; em vez disso, penetra até o cerne do núcleo da cultura e da vida institucional. Novo individualismo é, portanto, uma espécie de taquigrama para vários processos que moldam, e que são moldados, pelas transformações sociais globais. Os principais condutores institucionais do novo individualismo sobre os quais vou dissertar são (a) reinvenção contínua, (b) mudança instantânea, (c) velocidade e (d) o curto prazo, ou episodicidade. Concluo tecendo considerações sobre as prováveis consequências sociológicas futuras do viver-se a vida na via expressa do novo individualismo.
Os novos atores jihadistas
Authors: Khosrokhavar Farhad
Published: September 2018

Resumo O jihadismo trouxe novos atores para o cenário mundial, particularmente no Ocidente. Estes novos atores estão surgindo em quase todo o mundo, exceto no subcontinente latino-americano, em alguns países pequenos e no Japão. Com a fundação do Estado Islâmico, a multiplicação de atores jihadistas aconteceu de maneira quantitativa e qualitativa: começou com algumas centenas e já passam de cinco mil na Europa, ampliando ainda a faixa etária dos recrutados. Em uma amostra de 1.200 indivíduos - que, entre 2012 e 2015, partiram de países ocidentais para a Síria e o Iraque -, observou-se que 14% deles tinham menos de 18 anos, 27% entre 18 e 21 anos, 26% entre 22 e 25 anos, 17% entre 26 e 29, 9% entre 30 e 35 e 7% 36 anos ou mais. Se classificarmos como “jovens” o grupo etário dos 14 aos 25 anos de idade, eles representam 67% do total, mais de dois terços.
Pós-colonialismo versus pós-autoritarismo: o mundo árabe e a América Latina em uma perspectiva comparativa
Authors: Hanafi Sari
Published: September 2018

Resumo Neste artigo, o autor desafia uma corrente tendência de culpabilização dos intelectuais árabes por não acompanharem os levantes populares árabes, orientando seus públicos e movimentos sociais. Em direção contrária, o autor apresenta o intenso debate ocorrido sobre o tema na academia e nas mídias de massa, indicando que o que houve foi na verdade o fracasso das escolas de pensamento de acadêmicos da esquerda pós-colonial e anti-imperialista. Apresenta, em consequência, como a interseção entre as ciências sociais e os estudos pós-coloniais não se dá sem problemas, principalmente quando se tenta projetar tais estudos sobre o contexto árabe. Sugere então que a abordagem pós-colonial deveria ser complementada por uma abordagem pós-autoritária, que poderia servir tanto ao mundo árabe quanto à América Latina.
Cidadania em espaços (sub)urbanos: o Teatro do Oprimido no Alto da Cova da Moura e no Vale da Amoreira
Authors: Carmo André
Published: September 2018

Resumo A partir do estudo das atividades desenvolvidas por dois grupos comunitários de Teatro do Oprimido - DRK (Alto da Cova da Moura, Amadora) e ValArt (Vale da Amoreira, Moita) -, procura-se compreender como pode a cidadania, através da arte, contribuir para a construção de cidades mais justas, e quais os desafios e limites que este processo enfrenta. A pesquisa desenvolvida juntamente com os jovens pertencentes a ambos os grupos mostra que é sobretudo através da revelação e valorização de suas experiências, histórias e narrativas pessoais e contextuais no âmbito de sua intervenção social e política através do teatro, que se combatem alguns dos efeitos nefastos da urbanização contemporânea e que se diluem as fronteiras que separam estes bairros do seu entorno.
The Frailties of Lebanese Democracy: Outcomes and Limits of the Confessional Framework
Authors: Calfat Natalia Nahas
Published: September 2018

Abstract Lebanon is frequently referred to as a model of a plural and stable democracy in the Middle East: a multi-ethnic and pluri-religious society that guarantees political representation through a power-sharing confessional framework. Numerous authors also see the consociational model as the best democratic alternative given such a high degree of domestic heterogeneity. However, by emphasising Lebanese stability vis-à-vis a troubled regional scenario, these positive perceptions have neglected some elements of how democracy actually works in Lebanon. In this article, I analyse two domestic dimensions that hinder the success of the Lebanese democratic experience (the pre-attribution of seats and distortions of representation) and point to the limits, effects and consequences of consociationalism in this specific confessional reality. The results of this case study indicate that highly institutionalised consociational arrangements can lead to sectarianism, institutional instability, clientelism, and state frailty. I also lay out some lessons and implications that can be derived from such a framework in terms of harmful sectarian narratives at both the local and regional levels.
Duterte’s Pivot to China, and Prospects for Settling the South China Sea Disputes
Authors: Hendler Bruno
Published: September 2018

Abstract This article proposes a theoretical framework for understanding Filipino president Rodrigo Duterte’s celebrated ‘pivot to China.’ It begins by discussing the model of asymmetric relations as a suitable framework for understanding relations between highly unequal states, and the concept of dual structural asymmetry as a means of theorising the triangular relations among the Philippines, the USA and China since the end of the Cold War. Next, it presents various economic and political indicators of the shift in Filipino foreign policy under Duterte. It goes on to propose a theoretical model for identifying the linkages between elements of political economy and international security from the perspective of Brantly Womack’s theory of asymmetry. Lastly, it presents three scenarios for resolving the territorial dispute in the South China Sea (SCS) between the Philippines and China: two with maximum gains for one country only, and a third with an acceptable result for both countries as a product of mutual concessions.
O Plano Nacional de Educação 2014–2024 e os desafios para a Educação Especial na perspectiva de uma Cultura Inclusiva
Authors: Macena Janaina de Oliveira , Justino Laura Regina Paniagua , Capellini Vera Lúcia Messias Fialho
Published: September 2018

Resumo Este estudo situa-se diante dos caminhos que vêm sendo trilhados no Brasil na implementação de políticas públicas na área da educação, voltadas para uma Cultura Inclusiva. Apresenta-se um breve levantamento histórico sobre o trajeto das lutas sociais, na garantia de direitos, até o presente momento em que políticas públicas estão atentas a esse tema. O recorte analítico se dá no levantamento de indicadores para a meta 4 do Plano Nacional de Educação, a qual estabelece o planejamento de ações voltadas à Educação Inclusiva para a próxima década. Nesse sentido, são apresentados dados sobre: a evolução das matrículas de alunos com deficiência, formação de docentes para atender a esse público específico e relativos à implantação e ao uso das salas de recursos multifuncionais. As referências utilizadas são provenientes da base de dados do INEP (Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira). Os dados analisados consideram o cruzamento dos números do Censo Escolar e do Censo Demográfico do IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística).
A apropriação do espaço escolar pelo projeto pedagógico: o caso da Escola da Ponte (Portugal)
Authors: Silva Carlos Manique da , Ribeiro Cláudia Pinto
Published: September 2018

Resumo O presente estudo valoriza o projeto pedagógico como quadro de ação para os indivíduos na organização escolar. É, justamente, a essa luz que se analisa a forma como o espaço escolar é interpretado pelos utilizadores (nomeadamente, docentes), em um contexto muito específico: a Escola da Ponte (Portugal). Em um quadro de insucesso generalizado da experiência das escolas de área aberta em Portugal, aquilo que se procura demonstrar é que, no caso da Escola da Ponte, o êxito da experiência assentou no caráter inovador do projeto pedagógico (pondo em causa o DNA da organização pedagógica das escolas – a classe). A nossa interpretação, baseada no conceito de espaço como construção social, sustenta que foi, sobretudo, a consistência do projeto pedagógico e a interação entre atores e objetos da ação que determinaram a forma como o espaço foi sendo organizado; muito mais do que se tratar de um processo de indução resultante de o edifício ser de área aberta. A recolha empírica constituiu a base para conhecer o modo de apropriação do espaço pelo projeto pedagógico. Nessa ordem de ideias, foi enviado (por correio eletrônico) um inquérito através de um questionário a docentes que lecionaram na referida escola entre meados da década de 1970 e o ano de 2012. O arco cronológico tem a seguinte justificação: tratou-se do lapso de tempo que decorreu entre o início do projeto pedagógico e a transferência de instalações para um novo edifício.
Expenditures on Oncology Drugs and Cancer Mortality-to-Incidence Ratio in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Vrdoljak Eduard , Bodoky Gyorgy , Jassem Jacek , Popescu Razvan , Pirker Robert , Čufer Tanja , Bešlija Semir , Eniu Alexandru , Todorović Vladimir , Kopečková Katerina , Kurteva Galia , Tomašević Zorica , Sallaku Agim , Smichkoska Snezhana , Bajić Žarko , Sikic Branimir
Published: September 2018

Background

There is a steady decline in cancer mortality in Western Europe (WE), but this trend is not so obvious in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). One of the largest discrepancies between WE and CEE is the level of investment in cancer care. The objective of our analysis was to examine the correlation between mortality-to-incidence (M/I) ratio and expenditures on oncology drugs in CEE and WE.

Materials and Methods

This cross-sectional analysis was done on publicly available data. Data on expenditures for oncology drugs were obtained from QuintilesIMS, and data on M/I ratio from Globocan. The main outcome was mortality-to-incidence ratio, and the primary analysis was performed by Spearman's rank correlation.

Results

There is a large discrepancy in expenditure on oncology drugs per cancer case between WE and CEE, and within CEE. Average expenditure on oncology drugs per capita as well as per new cancer case was 2.5 times higher in WE than in CEE. Availability of oncology drugs was highest in Germany (100%), relatively similar in WE (average of 91%), but in CEE it ranged from 37% to 86%, with an average of 70%. Annual expenditures on all oncology drugs per new cancer case was significantly negatively correlated with the M/I ratio (Spearman's ρ = −0.90, p < .001).

Conclusion

There is a financial threshold for oncology drugs per cancer case needed to increase survival. Based on significantly lower expenditures for oncology drugs in CEE in comparison with WE, more investment for drugs as well as better, more organized, value- oriented consumption is needed.

Implications for Practice

Cancer is not treated equally successfully in Western Europe (WE) and in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). This study showed that success in treatment of cancer is associated with the amount of money invested in oncology drugs. CEE countries spend on average 2.5 times less than WE countries for oncology drugs per new cancer case. These findings should be used by health care providers and oncologists struggling for more resources and better, more organized, evidence-based allocation of these resources as well as better oncology outcomes.
EXTRUSION OF 01417 ALLOY INGOTS OBTAINED IN THE ELECTROMAGNETIC CRYSTALLIZER AT THE CONFORM UNIT
Authors: Gorokhov Yu. V. , Timofeev V. N. , Belуaev S. V. , Uskov I. V. , Gubanov I. Yu. , Gudkov I. S.
Published: September 2018

It is known that casting long ingots of small sections (∅8–12 mm) of 01417 alloy into an electromagnetic crystallizer makes it possible to obtain a dispersed structure with insignificant intradendritic segregation. Diffusion annealing of ingots (550 °C, 4–5 h holding time) eliminates intracrystalline segregation and reduces the level of internal stresses in metal thus providing the conditions for subsequent wire drawing. The paper demonstrates that high plastic deformation of ingots without diffusion annealing can be achieved by Conform continuous extrusion, which ensures high quality and geometrical accuracy of products. The analysis of various Conform units revealed an inherent weakness – the absence of connection between the system securing the fixed part of the detachable container (shoe) and the drive wheel shaft, which leads to an increased load in the operating mode. The purpose of the work was to upgrade the Conform unit by creating a connection between the shoe and the impeller shaft to obtain a high-quality billet for subsequent wire drawing of the ∅12 mm ingot cast into the electromagnetic crystallizer. An optimal temperature of ingot extrusion (300 °С) was found to eliminate the intense adhesion of wrought metal on the tool surface. The experimental ∅5 mm rod made of 01417 alloy obtained from the ∅12 mm ingot at the Conform unit features high processing ductility. This is indicated by an increase in its yield point and relative elongation. Metallographic studies demonstrated a fine-grained structure achieved in the extruded rod, which provides the conditions for subsequent wire drawing without annealing. The results of the study provide a basis for refining the process conditions of calibrated billet production on the Conform unit followed by wire drawing with required properties.
EFFECT OF ANNEALING AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES ON THE STRUCTURE AND HARDNESS OF AL85Y8NI5CO2 ALLOY AMORPHOUS STRIPS
Authors: Igrevskaya A. G. , Bazlov A. I. , Tabachkova N. Yu. , Louzguine D. V. , Zolotorevskiy V. S.
Published: September 2018

Aluminum-based metallic glasses are the new promising family of materials. However, the effect of heat treatment on the structure and properties of Al–Y–Ni–Co amorphous alloys has not been widely studied so far. In this paper, Al85Y8Ni5Co2 amorphous alloy strips were obtained by hardening on a rotary copper wheel. The effect of vacuum annealing at temperatures ranging from 100 to 500 °C for 30 minutes on the structure and hardness of these strips was investigated. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry were used to study changes in the structure of strips after heat treatment. Vickers microhardness was measured to investigate the effect of annealing on the mechanical properties of strips. The results obtained allowed for the conclusions made about changes in hardness depending on the Al85Y8Ni5Co2 alloy strip structure. It was found that as the temperature rises, strip microhardness increases reaching a maximum value of 575±7 HV after annealing at 350 °C, then it decreases with a further increase in the annealing temperature. It was shown that the Al85Y8Ni5Co2 alloy strips remain completely amorphous and no crystalline phases are detected in their structures after annealing at temperatures up to 250 °C for 30 minutes. A sharp increase in hardness after annealing at 350 °C is associated with 10–30 nm nanocrystals of an aluminum solid solution formed in the amorphous matrix and surrounded by a residual amorphous matrix, while further hardness decrease is associated with the increasing sizes of these crystals and Al3Y and Al19Ni5Y3 intermetallics formed in the structure.
Kimliğin Etni ve Ulus Arasında Salınımı: Çokkültürcülük mü Yeniden Kabilecilik mi?
Authors: Konuralp Emrah
Published: September 2018

Çeşitli
öğelerin  bir araya gelmesiyle üretilen,
biçimlenen, değişen, dönüşen, yeniden üretilen etnik kimliği oluşturan öğelerin
başında gelen milliyet, ırk, sınıf, din, toplumsal cinsiyet ve dil kimliği oluştururken
genellikle iç içe geçer ve tikel bir etnik kimliğin tarihsel biçimleniş
koşulları dolayımıyla bu öğelerden hangisinin diğerlerine göre baskınlığı
değişkendir. Bu makalede kimlik kavramının öznel ve öznelerarası boyutlarından
hareketle etnisite-milliyet etkileşimi üzerinden çözümlemesi yapılmaktadır.
Tikelin evrenselle bağının koptuğu çokkültürcü paradigmanın kimlik
çatışmalarını çözmek bir yana demokratik toplumu temelsizleştirme tehlikesine
dikkat çekilirken yeniden kabileselleşme olarak adlandırılabilecek olan
kabileciliğe dönüş eğilimi ele alınmaktadır. Bu anlamda, çokkültürcülüğün
çelişkilerine işaret etmek adına bu makalenin temel amacı, akraba kavramlar
olan etni ve ulus ile etnisite ve
milliyetçilik arasındaki -parçalanmış toplumlara yol açan- ilişkileri ortaya
koymaktır.
Trainee evaluations and recruitment based on fuzzy AHP: an application in furniture sector
Authors: İLÇE Abdullah Cemil
Published: September 2018

The choice of a newly personnel to hire is a decision making problem that requires evaluation of many factors being not totally known in terms of enterprises. That the success of this process is as significant as may not be left for coincidences. Therefore, staff selection problems should be resolved with scientific methods. This study aims to carry out trainee recruitment by means of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method being from one of the multi criteria decision making methods in a furniture factory. For this purpose, it was guaranteed by the enterprise that a student shall be hired as a CNC operator before the internship and this was notified to trainees in advance. Three students having satisfied the preconditions of enterprise were started the internship. The students were subjected to the evaluation at the end of training course and the most successful trainee among them was accepted for the job. In evaluation process the intern’s linguistic variables were used and the defuzzification of fuzzy weights was carried out based on the α-cutting and optimism index.
Indikasi Bullying Fisik pada Siswa SD dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pendidikan Akhlak Menurut Tuntunan Agama
Authors: Kurnia Dadang , Aeni Ani Nur
Published: September 2018

Cases of bullying among elementary school students are high, therefore need to get attention. This study reveals an indication of physical bullying that occurs in elementary students and its implications for moral education according to the guidance of Religion. The method used is survey and literature study with qualitative approach. Participants involved a number of 55 elementary school teachers in the Cirebon region, including districts and cities. The results showed that 1) almost half of the physical bullying indication occurred in primary school with the highest percentage is in punching and pinching behavior, while the smallest percentage of the strangling behavior, 2) moral education can be a therapy to change the bad behavior of physical bullying and can be used as an effort to prevent.
A NOVA EMPRESARIALIDADE E O DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIAL NO AMBIENTE INFORMACIONAL
Authors: Machado Ronny Max , Simão Filho Adalberto
Published: September 2018

Os ramos do direito estão recebendo a influência de muitas outras áreas do conhecimento humano como, por exemplo, a filosofia, a psicologia e a sociologia. Essas relações entre as ciências humanas possibilitam o aperfeiçoamento dos institutos jurídicos e, consequentemente, o atendimento de alguns interesses comuns. Os interesses aos quais fazemos menção são os atrelados à coletividade que anseia por melhorias no plano da concretização de direitos legal e constitucionalmente assegurados. Diante deste cenário o direito empresarial passa por transformação em razão dos preceitos constitucionais - em especial, a função social da empresa e a ordem econômica e de institutos da filosofia e sociologia. Estas influências ensejaram o surgimento da denominada nova empresarialidade que, inserida no contexto de sociedade da informação, permitirá uma série de reflexões sobre seus efeitos e dilemas.
Can Serum Mean Platelet Volume be Used as an Inflammatory Marker in Patients with Celiac Disease?
Authors: DEMİREZER BOLAT Aylin , KÖSEOĞLU Hüseyin , AKIN Fatma Ebru , TAYFUR YÜREKLİ Öykü , TAHTACI Mustafa , BAŞARAN Murat , ERSOY Osman
Published: September 2018

Background and Aims: Mean platelet volume has
been studied as a simple inflammatory marker in several diseases. Some studies
have reported that mean platelet volume increases in myocardial infarction and
cerebrovascular disease. Contrarily, it decreases in rheumatoid arthritis,
ankylosing spondylitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study
was to evaluate whether mean platelet volume was changed in celiac disease and
whether it could be used to monitor a gluten-free diet in patients. Materials and Methods: After excluding
patients with severe comorbidities and patients who did not comply with the gluten-free
diet, a total of 50 patients with celiac disease (men/women: 9/41) and 50 healthy
subjects (men/women: 10/40) were
included in the study. The diagnosis of celiac disease was based on standard
serological, endoscopic, and histological criteria. The study enrolled patients with celiac disease who recovered clinically
and serologically 1 year after gluten-free diet. Complete blood count analyses were performed within 2 h after
collection with the use of the Beckman coulter analyzer. Results: Mean platelet volume levels were not significantly different in the celiac disease group than that
of in the control group. In the celiac disease group, the mean platelet
volume levels did not change after 1
year of gluten-free diet compared
with the time of celiac disease diagnosis. On the contrary, a decrease in the platelet
count after gluten-free diet was
detected. Conclusion: This study
demonstrates that mean platelet volume is not
altered in patients with celiac disease, and it also showed that mean
platelet volume cannot be used as a marker for
predicting dietary compliance in patients with celiac disease.
Bypassing the Supercrip Trope in Documentary Representations of Blind Visual Artists
Authors: Brylla Catalin
Published: September 2018

Mainstream narratives depicting blind people who create visual art have repeatedly used the supercrip trope. For a seeing audience this trope highlights an artist's extraordinary skill and perseverance in creating aesthetic artefacts despite lacking – what is presumed to be – the essential sensory input of sight. This type of representation fails to portray the diversity and complexity of individual character traits but conveniently places blindness at the story's center; this turns the artistic process into a simplistic manifestation of 'abnormality' and 'otherness'. My own documentary practice explores filmic strategies that bypass the supercrip trope by emphasizing the 'everydayness' of the artistic creation process. The aim is for a seeing audience to experience the creation process as an ordinary, everyday act – amongst many others – in which blindness is neither foregrounded nor 'backgrounded'. This is illustrated through discussion of my documentary The Terry Fragments (2018), a film that represents a blind artist's painting process through narrative fragments and the depiction of improvisation and failure. These strategies evoke the multi-layered and heterarchical plurality of everydayness, which potentially resists the formation of the supercrip trope. This method can be applied to a variety of disability contexts that are prone to perpetuating the supercrip stereotype.
Staging the Audio Describer: An Exploration of Integrated Audio Description
Authors: Fryer Louise
Published: September 2018

This article explores the phenomenon of integrated audio description (AD) and the ways in which access provision for blind people can be embedded into the creative process. Exploring a practical example where a describer became a character within a production staged by a company of blind and partially blind actors, it compares an approach to AD that is open and collaborative with traditional closed approaches, where the AD is delivered by an external interpreter. The consequences for the authenticity of the access and the language of the AD are also discussed in order to explore how tense, timing and flexibility distinguish AD from stage directions.
Challenges to Economic Upgrading of Iranian Economy
Authors: Nosratabadi Saeed , Dunay Anna
Published: September 2018

The main purpose of the paper is to summarize the challenges that the Iranian economy will face in the economic upgrading process and to provide possible solutions for the Iranian economy to move up in the global value chain. To achieve these goals, the data related to the global competitiveness index were studied to gain insight into the current situation of the Iranian economy. Findings reveal that despite the immense revenue source of Iran from exporting gas and oil, the Iranian economy is not competitive globally, and Iran is confronted with serious shortcomings in the globalization path. Data show that the performance of Iran in different factors of competitiveness (institutions, macroeconomic environment, labor market efficiency, goods market efficiency, financial market efficiency and innovation) is poor. Since Iran has many benefits from potential capabilities such as a young workforce and plentiful natural resources, it is recommended that Iranian government consider a functional and process upgrading strategy to improve the performance of Iran in global competitiveness. It is also important to focus on research and development processes for moving along the global value chain curve, in order to move towards the higher value creating activities. These internal development processes are very important for the country to maintain the upgrading process even under the unfavorable international political circumstances.
Intrapartum oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suctioning in neonates born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid: Indian scenario
Authors: Jain Mahendra K. , Jain Anubhuti , Sareen Devendra
Published: September 2018

Background: Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a life-threatening respiratory disorder in infants born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). Although anecdotal data concerning the efficacy of intrapartum oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suctioning of MSAF are conflicting, the procedure is widely used. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of intrapartum suctioning for the prevention of MAS.Methods: A prospective quasi randomized control trial, assessor blind, single centre study was done at Department of neonatology, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan. Patients were enrolled over a total period of 16 months started from January 2016 to April 2017. 312 patients with MSAF of any consistency, gestational age at least 37 weeks, and cephalic presentation were randomly assigned to suctioning of the oropharynx and nasopharynx (including the hypopharynx) before delivery of the shoulders (n=127), or no suctioning before delivery (n=185). Postnatal delivery-room management followed Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines. The primary outcome was incidence of MAS. Clinicians diagnosing the syndrome and designating other study outcomes were masked to group assignment. An informed consent waiver was used.Results: No significant difference between treatment groups was seen in the incidence of MAS [36 (26.7%) suction versus 36 (19.5%) no suction; p = 0.167], mortality in suction [5 (3.91%) versus no suction 5 (2.74%); p = 0.779], or in the duration of ventilation, oxygen treatment, and hospital care. There was statistically significant difference in need for mechanical ventilation for MAS [13 (10.23%) vs 4 (2.2%); p = 0.005], any respiratory support for MAS 25 (19.7%) suction versus 18 (9.7) p = 0.019).Conclusions: Routine intrapartum suctioning of infants born through MSAF does not reduce the incidence of MAS. On the contrary, intrapartum suctioning might result in complications like more infant required neonatal resuscitation and respiratory support.
Ventilator associated pneumonia: incidence, profile and outcome in pediatric intensive care unit of tertiary care centre
Authors: Gadappa Swati M. , Behera Manas Kumar
Published: September 2018

Background: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) refers to nosocomial pneumonia occurring 48 hours or more after initiation of mechanical ventilation (MV), with frequencies ranging from 15-45%. The incidence rates of VAP are higher in developing countries with limited resources. Early and late VAP differ in their pathogenesis, micro-organisms responsible, antibiotic sensitivity, outcome and treatment.Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all critically ill children between 1 month to 12 years who were admitted and mechanically ventilated in our 8-bedded PICU between January 2015 to June 2016 and developed Ventilator associated pneumonia. PIM3 (Paediatric Index of Mortality 3) was calculated.  We compared early and late VAP for risk factors, length of stay on mechanical ventilation (LOS MV) and outcome. The data collected were compiled and tabulated.Results: The incidence of VAP in this study was 40%. We found significant correlation between early and late VAP with parenteral nutrition (p = 0.001), presence of nasogastric tube (p = 0.012) and   mortality (p = 0.027). The LOS MV was Mean 7.25 days in early VAP, while 22.75 days in late VAP; which demonstrated significant correlation (p = 0.003). There was no significant correlation of PIM3 with VAP, reintubation and mortality. Most frequent organisms found in Early VAP were Acinetobacter baumannii and MRSA, whereas in late VAP Pseudomonas aeruginosa was commonest isolated organism.Conclusions: VAP is a major cause of mortality in PICU. Late VAP was associated with longer length of stay on mechanical ventilation (LOS MV), higher mortality. This study thus emphasizes the need for prospective multicentric case-control studies for formulating and applying early preventive strategies in PICU to reduce VAP-related mortality.
Critical appraisal of appropriate method for early detection of hearing impairment in newborns in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Pasupathy Sekar , Kumar Haritha S.
Published: September 2018

Background: Hearing plays a vital role in developmental of a child. Hearing loss not only affects the speech and language development of a child but also affects the social, emotional and intellectual development. Hearing is important in the first 2 years of life as this is the critical period for language acquisition. Thereby early detection and intervention for hearing loss is recommended. However, there are no standard protocols for newborn hearing screening. Hence, this study is undertaken to evaluate the appropriate protocol for early detection of hearing impairment in newborns and to ascertain the sensitivity and specificity of Distortion Product Oto-acoustic Emission (DPOAE) and Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR).Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics and Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology in SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre. A total of 122 neonates were screened for hearing loss using both DPOAE and ABR before discharge from the hospital. A rescreening with ABR after 1 month was done for those infants who had hearing loss at the initial screening.Results: The study revealed that 16.4% of infants had hearing loss. The referral rate of DPOAE was 54.1% and ABR was 16.4%. ABR had higher passing rates when compared to DPOAE. In a combined screening with both DPOAE and ABR, 17 (13.9%) babies had failed DPOAE with abnormal hearing in ABR (True positives), 49 (40.2%) babies failed DPOAE but had normal hearing in ABR (False positives), 3 (2.5%) babies passed DPOAE but had hearing loss in ABR (False negatives) and 53 (43.4%) babies passed DPOAE and had normal hearing in ABR (True negatives). The association between the results of DPOAE and ABR was statistically significant (0.002). Auditory neuropathy was detected in 3 out of 122 neonates. All these 3 babies belonged to high-risk population. The prevalence of auditory neuropathy is 2.5% which is much lower when compared to other studies. The sensitivity and specificity of DPOAE is 85% and 51.9% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of ABR was 100%.Conclusions: Present study concludes that the use of combination protocol using both DPOAE and ABR identifies babies with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder and also ensures high sensitivity and acceptable specificity. Thus, helps in early identification and intervention of congenital hearing loss.
Essayism along borders: perspectival mobility in Claudio Magris' Danubio
Authors: Dupré Natalie
Published: September 2018

Saggismo lungo le frontiere Mobilità prospettica in Danubio di Claudio MagrisAlla frontiera in Magris la critica ha dato ampio rilievo, soffermandosi soprattutto sull’esperienza delle frontiere triestine nel corso dei decenni. Questi studi gravitano però prevalentemente sulle implicazioni semantiche derivate dalla frontiera e tendono a trascurare le modalità più specificamente discorsive collegate ai costituenti cognitivi ed esistenziali della frontiera in senso più ampio. Attraverso un’analisi intertestuale della questione del genere e dell’ironia, lo scopo di quest’articolo è di esplorare la dimensione discorsiva e testuale della frontiera in Danubio.
'Niet weer Triëst'
Authors: Van Hout Milou
Published: September 2018

‘Trieste, non di nuovo’In questo contributo ci si chiede come Trieste sia potuta crescere in modo tale da diventare una città dal significato mitologico letterario. Dal punto di vista della persona e dello scrittore Claudio Magris, vengono indagati l’ambiente letterario urbano di Trieste e la sua manifestazione in un discorso europeo di diversità ed identità durante periodi di crisi. Si propone una lettura di tale ambiente urbano come se fosse un mental mindscape in cui Trieste rappresenti sia un microcosmo in un contesto europeo che un’indicazione di luoghi concreti all’interno dello stesso spazio urbano.
Omaggio a un exemplum del Cinquecento femminile: un primo companion per Vittoria Colonna
Authors: Grootveld Emma
Published: September 2018

Recensione di: Abigail Brundin, Tatiana Crivelli, Maria Serena Sapegno (a cura di), A Companion to Vittoria Colonna, Leiden-Boston, Brill, 2016, 562 p., ISBN: 22123091, € 193,00.
Politics of the Poetic Form: Adam Ważyk and the Americans
Authors: Koronkiewicz Marta
Published: September 2018

The article discusses Adam Ważyk – one of the foremost representatives of the Polish poetic avant-garde – and his meta-poetic reflection on the form of the poem in comparison with the paralel considerations offered, later in the 20th c., by the American poets of the LANGUAGE movement. Most importantly, I mention Adrienne Rich, Muriel Rukeyser, Ron Silliman, and James Scully. These poets saw the poetic practice as part of the active and reconstructive approach to everyday reality, which is an approach that sets them apart from more theoretically predisposed strands of the Marxist literary theory which saw poetic forms mostly as an epiphenomenon of social forces and processes. The idea that is the strongest link between Ważyk and the American poets mentioned above is treating formal poetic innovation as precisely the element that serves the causes of enhancing the potential of language and communication.