bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) for the Correction of High Myopia With Astigmatism
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z. , Archer Timothy J. , Vida Ryan S. , Carp Glenn I. , Reinstein Julia F. R. , McChesney Theo , Potter Joseph G.
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:

To report the outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for high myopia between −9.00 and −14.00 diopters (D).

METHODS:

This was a prospective study of SMILE for high myopia using the VisuMax femtosecond laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec). Inclusion criteria were attempted spherical equivalent refraction (SEQ) between −9.00 and −14.00 D, cylinder up to 7.00 D, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 20/40 or better, age 21 years or older, and suitable for SMILE. The sub-lenticule thickness was 220 µm or greater, and the total uncut stromal thickness was 300 µm or greater. Patients were to be followed up for 1 year. Standard outcomes analysis was performed using 12-month data where available or 3-month data otherwise.

RESULTS:

Of 187 eyes treated, data were available at 12 months for 181 eyes (96.8%) and 3 months for 4 eyes (2.1%), and 2 eyes (1.1%) were lost to follow-up. Mean attempted SEQ was −10.55 ± 1.00 D (range: −9.00 to −12.99 D). Mean cylinder was −1.19 ± 0.83 D (range: 0.00 to −4.00 D). Preoperative CDVA was 20/20 or better in 73% of eyes. Postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/20 or better in 57% and 20/25 or better in 82% of eyes. Mean SEQ relative to target was −0.22 ± 0.48 D (range: −1.63 to +1.38 D), 66% ± 0.50 D and 93% ±1.00 D. Mean SEQ 12-month change was −0.08 ± 0.34 D (range: −1.75 to +0.88 D). There was loss of one line of CDVA in 4% of eyes, and no eyes lost two or more lines. Contrast sensitivity was unchanged. Patient satisfaction was 8 or more out of 10 in 94% and 6 or more in 99% of patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

Outcomes of SMILE for myopia greater than −9.00 D at 3 to 12 months showed excellent efficacy, safety, stability, and predictability, with high patient satisfaction.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(5):262–271.]
Convergence to equilibrium for time and space discretizations of the Cahn-Hilliard equation
Authors: Brachet Matthieu , Parnaudeau Philippe , Pierre Morgan
Published: May 2022

We review space and time discretizations of the Cahn-Hilliard equation which are energy stable. In many cases, we prove that a solution converges to a steady state as time goes to infinity. The proof is based on Lyapunov theory and on a Lojasiewicz type inequality. In a few cases, the convergence result is only partial and this raises some interesting questions. Numerical simulations in two and three space dimensions illustrate the theoretical results. Several perspectives are discussed.
Numerical solution of system of fuzzy fractional order Volterra integro-differential equation using optimal homotopy asymptotic method
Authors: Ahsan Sumbal , Nawaz Rashid , Akbar Muhammad , Abdullah Saleem , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Vijayakumar Velusamy
Published: May 2022

In this paper, an efficient technique called Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method has been extended for the first time to the solution of the system of fuzzy integro-differential equations of fractional order. This approach however, does not depend upon any small/large parameters in comparison to other perturbation method. This method provides a convenient way to control the convergence of approximation series and allows adjustment of convergence regions where necessary. The series solution has been developed and the recurrence relations are given explicitly. The fuzzy fractional derivatives are defined in Caputo sense. It is followed by suggesting a new result from Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method for Caputo fuzzy fractional derivative. We then construct a detailed procedure on finding the solutions of system of fuzzy integro-differential equations of fractional order and finally, we demonstrate a numerical example. The validity and efficiency of the proposed technique are demonstrated via these numerical examples which depend upon the parametric form of the fuzzy number. The optimum values of convergence control parameters are calculated using the well-known method of least squares, obtained results are compared with fractional residual power series method. It is observed from the results that the suggested method is accurate, straightforward and convenient for solving system of fuzzy Volterra integrodifferential equations of fractional order.
SG-LOM as Metadata Description for Serious Games to Benefit from LMS Monitoring Features
Authors: El Borji Yassine , El Haji Essaid
Published: May 2022

Compared to the conventional approach of e-learning, serious games are playing an increasingly important role in the educational sphere and reached a certain maturity to become a possible alternative to traditional methods of learning that is often seen as restrictive and boring sometimes by learners. This is due to the fact that young people today are familiar with new technologies and virtual worlds outside schools as part of their leisure. A habit that enable these young people to be immediately in the heart of the matter since they already have a video game culture (gameplay) that allows them to focus on the main message. However, the integration of serious games in the learning process still limited since they don’t provide efficient features for monitoring and assessing learner (player) interactions and decisions without breaking the nonlinearity of the game in order to show them the consequences of their decisions, a limit that has been proven in a previous comparative study [1].

In this paper we address the aspects of serious games (Robocode as example)  integration and deployment into LMS (Dokeos as example) based on the automatic packaging and exportation of serious games as reusable learning objects (LO) that can be easily distributed through any LMS. This integration uses the ADL SCORM data model that defines how content may be packaged as a Package Interchange File (PIF), and the IEEE LOM Application Profile “SG-LOM” [2] as metadata description to describe every level of SCORM since the standard LOM doesn’t meets the particular needs of serious games.
Assessing Usability of Learning Experience Prototype
Authors: Ramli Ratna Zuarni , Sahari @ Ashaari Noraidah , Mat Noor Siti Fadzilah , Mat Noor Mahanem , Abdul Majid Nazatul Aini , Dahlan Hadi Affendy , Abdul Wahab Amelia Natasya
Published: May 2022

The boost of mobile devices and internet technologies has led to the development of new content geared to enhance the learning experience of students while simultaneously ensuring the economizing of the teacher’s time. The era of industrial revolution 4.0 transformed many aspects of life including the basic approaches towards teaching and learning. The needs and demands of students and teachers are changing in line with the revolution of emerging technologies. However, even with the advent of technology, STEM subjects are yet to fully grasp the attention of students. Learning especially in secondary schools and higher education intuitions needs to be redesigned to improve students' learning experience, especially in STEM subjects which involve complex concepts and processes that are difficult to visualize and require students to be fully engaged. Accordingly, this paper discusses the design and development of a learning experience model aimed at improving the teaching of Biology subjects. The model emphasized on three factors; content, pedagogy and interaction. Multimedia elements such as 2D graphic, video, AR with 3D object and gamification concepts were included in the design. A prototype called m-BioP was developed based on the designed model and heuristic evaluation was performed to ensure the application’s usability. It was verified by six experts and it is identified that 19/24 (79%) items are well designed and some changes (8/24 items) require improvement. Future studies need to be conducted to approved the designed model.
Factors Determining Academics’ Behavioral Intention and Usage Behavior towards Online Teaching Technologies during Covid-19: An Extension of the UTAUT
Authors: Aziz Faiq , Mohd Rasdi Roziah , Md Rami Aizuddin , Razali Fazilah , Ahrari Seyedali
Published: May 2022

Faced with lockdowns and social isolation because of COVID-19, alternative teaching methods such as online teaching allow academics and lecturers to teach students. Hence, the study aimed to investigate academics’ intention and behavioral patterns in adopting online educational technologies in Malaysia via the unified theory of acceptance and the use of technology (UTAUT) with an additional academics’ ethical considerations. The data were collected randomly from a sample of 321 academics from five Malaysian research universities using a questionnaire. For model and hypothesis testing, partial least squares (PLS) regression was utilized. The findings revealed that (1) ease of use, social influence, and ethical considerations all influenced behavioral intention significantly; and (2) facilitating conditions had positive relationships with usage behavior. The present results are consistent with the original UTAUT model and ethical considerations as an additional factor. The study findings serve as a beneficial guide for universities and educational planners who are programming online teaching technologies for use in universities.
Discovering the Global Landscape of 3D Animation: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Mohd Suki Norbayah , Mohd Suki Norazah , Ishak Mohamed Mustafa , Ahmad Rosliza , Sudin Kamal Bahrin
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of publications on 3D animation in the Scopus database. Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer for data visualisation, and Harzing's Publish or Perish for citation metrics and analysis were employed to conduct the bibliometric analysis. Data were analysed among a sample of 305 publications on 3D animation published between 1984 and 2021 available in the Scopus database. The bibliometric analysis reveals that the number of publications on 3D animation research has been constantly increasing since 2002. In 2020, the total number of documents published in 3D animation reached 29 articles. China was named the most active country in the field of 3D animation. A total of 888 researchers from 43 different countries and 31 different institutions published 3D animations in multiple languages, including multi-author collaboration. Computer Science and Engineering are the two disciplines that are most prominently represented in the study of 3D animation. The most active institutions that published key publications linked to 3D animation research were Universitas Diponegoro and the University of Sharjah. This research is unique and significant to contribute to advancing the body of knowledge on 3D animation to add value to the complexities of scientific narratives. Future research direction is also furnished.
Fuzzy Logic-Based Evaluation Model of Handwritten Font Sizes Readability on Extra Small Devices
Authors: Bratić Diana , Stanić Loknar Nikolina , Koren Ivančević Tajana
Published: May 2022

Handwritten fonts are appealing to designers, but their application in web design can cause a readability problems. Different handwritten letter cuts in different font sizes are not equally readable on all screen types. The problem often occurs on extra small devices such as mobile phones. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the combination of the font type and appropriate font size that will ensure responsiveness and be readable on different devices, especially the small ones. For this purpose, a study of readability of monoline handwritten font in seven letter cuts (thin, ultra-light, light, regular, semi-bold, bold, and ultra-bold) in several font sizes was conducted. Variable font was used because it contains all style versions of one typeface family, as opposed to standard font families that use different files for each style version. Also, variable font is suitable for use on web because one file with all the necessary typeface styles is significantly smaller in size than classic families with multiple files which shortens the font loading time. Furthermore, model of readability evaluation using the fuzzy logic based postprocessing method for segmentation values related to evaluation criteria is proposed. Prototype of a variable handwritten fonts are tested in responsive web environment, using CSS technology. The results show that handwritten font size readability evaluation has measurable output because the score combine various numeral factors affecting the readability of particular font size in several letter cuts.  Using of proposed model in short time can show readability level of some font type in some font size on a new responsive web suitable for different screen sizes, including extra small devices.
Estimation du potentiel de séquestration de carbone des aires protégées : cas de la Forêt Classée de Djoli-Kera, Tchad
Authors: Saradoum Goy , Félicité Temgoua Lucie , Mbaiakambeye Mbaidje Osée  , Tedou Francis Brice  Silatsa , Behimnan Allaissem
Published: May 2022

L’évaluation de la capacité de stockage du carbone dans les forêts constitue un outil primordial de lutte contre les changements climatiques et de contribution au mécanise de réduction des émissions dues à la déforestation et la dégradation des forêts (REDD+). L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer le potentiel de séquestration du carbone des principaux types d’utilisation des terres (TUT) de la forêt classée de Djoli-kera, au Tchad. Les résultats des observations directes, des placettes de 50 mètres fois 50 mètres et des enquêtes socio-économiques effectuées auprès de 126 personnes nous ont permis d’identifier quatre principaux TUT : les espaces agricoles, les aires de pâturage intensif, les espaces fréquemment soumis aux feux de brousse et la savane arborée. Les stocks de carbone des bois morts et des ligneux vivants ont été calculés tandis que les stocks de carbone racinaire ont été évalués grâce au rapport racine/tige. La méthode utilisée pour l’estimation des stocks de carbone est celle non destructive qui utilise les équations mathématiques dites allométriques et qui intègrent des variables de diamètres et/ou de hauteurs. Les stocks de carbone estimés sont de 54,8 tC/ha dans les espaces agricoles, 102,04 tC/ha dans les espaces pâturés, 108,5 tC/ha dans la savane arborée et de 177,5 tC/ha dans les espaces soumis aux feux de brousse. Ces stocks de carbone correspondent respectivement aux quantités du CO2 atmosphérique séquestrées suivantes : 201,3 téq-CO2/ha ; 374,4 téq-CO2/ha ; 398,2 téq-CO2/ha et 651,6 téq-CO2/ha. Les familles qui présentent les valeurs les plus élevées de ces stocks sont les Fabaceae et Combretaceae. Sur le marché du carbone, le CO2 séquestré est susceptible de produire une valeur économique moyenne de la forêt estimée à 862 570 francs CFA (environ 1831 dollars canadiens) par hectare. La valeur économique totale de la forêt classée de Djoli-kera est alors estimée à 80 822 809 000 francs CFA (plus de 171 millions de dollars canadiens) en fonction du marché du carbone.
Lisa Nesser
Authors: Kramlich Deborah J.
Published: May 2022

Initially, Lisa Nesser had a career path as a documentary photographer wanting to focus on telling the stories of refugees. When she became embedded in a Tibetan refugee camp in Southern India, it was clear that they wanted to learn English and have teacher training. They didn't need to wait on another foreigner to tell their story. She returned to the US to get training as an educator with the goal of in-powering refugees—guiding them in finding their power with-in, rather than em-powering them by granting authority or power to them. Her wish was that personal stories—specifically the heartbreaking ones—were to be told with the voice of those who had experienced them. This focus on in-powerment shifted her life's trajectory to one of a social entrepreneur to fund her educational programs.
Michelle Mayorga
Authors: Cinelli Rita G.
Published: May 2022

Michelle Mayorga's story is one of drive, self-determination, and unwavering tenacity. Becoming interested in politics while in high school, Mayorga decided then that she wanted a career in that field and began her quest to achieve that goal. During her college years, she made a discovery when she became active in local politics-there were few, if any, people involved in that world who looked like her. It was that realization that motivated her and changed the course of her life. Michelle Mayorga has spent more than two decades since that time creating a noteworthy career in political strategy and research, while encouraging, training, and mentoring young people of color to follow their aspirations to create their own careers in politics.
Svetlana Simonenko
Authors: Coste Eugénie
Published: May 2022

In this chapter, the author discusses the evolution of digitalization in the Russian human resources field. Long before COVID-19 hit, Dr. Svetlana Simonenko saw the necessity for improving personnel assessments. In an industry dominated by men at that time, her research, combined with her knowledge and experience in the field, led her to develop tools that enhance talent management systems. Her innovative and forward-thinking mindset have allowed her to always stay ahead of the curve. Now, more than ever, her reliable methods to assess employees through the use of technology are being used by some of the largest companies, making her an international leader in the field of human resources.
Jinan Liu
Authors: Li Yin , Zhang Rui
Published: May 2022

Jinan Liu was born in Xiaogan city, Hubei province, China in February 1939. After graduating from Peking University in 1965, she was chosen to work as a teacher at Communication University of China (CUC). From 1990 to 2006, she had been the president of CUC. Being a female university president for more than a decade, Jinan Liu was deeply inspired by so many excellent women presidents and leaders all over the world she encountered and also gained a profound understanding of the struggles that a woman would go through on the path to success. In 2001, the first World Women University Presidents Forum (WWUPF) founded by President Liu finally took place against all odds in order to create an international platform for women university presidents to exchange their valuable ideas and strengthen female leadership in higher education. Now the WWUPF has successfully become an influential brand in the international higher education community. This chapter talks about President Liu's motivation for the establishment of the WWUPF and reveals the dilemmas she has faced as a woman and as a woman leader during this process, giving a great example of how the female leadership and wisdom could have important impacts on the international community.
Malala Yousafzai
Authors: Rehman Sahar Abdul
Published: May 2022

Malala Yousafzai was shot in her head by Taliban for practicing her basic human right to receive education. After months in hospitals and rehabilitation, she overcame the pain of her body and heart in a new land. She made a choice to become a beacon of light for many other young girls (and children in general) in oppressive, conservative, fundamentalist, and gender discriminating societies where there are threats to girls' education, their own identity, and sometimes, general survival. Malala is the youngest Nobel Peace Prize winner. She believes that there are great opportunities for girls. She founded the Malala Fund with the help of a network of stakeholders and like-minded activists, which works for free, safe, and quality education for girls in developing countries.
Sydney Savion
Authors: Savion Sydney
Published: May 2022

This chapter transports you along with the author-the protagonist 14,000 kilometers from a rural farming community on the East Coast of the United States to the diverse landscapes, beautiful, lush deep green forests of New Zealand to surface and purposefully and collaboratively solve literacy and numeracy inequity in iconic Air New Zealand workforce that is reflective of the broader community. Though Aotearoa is a magical place, that magical force has not yet influenced events to affect material change in bolstering adult literacy and numeracy for Māori and Pacifica peoples and lower social economic communities where a large portion of the talent pool comes from for back-of-the-house roles in the workforce.
Torie Weiston-Serdan
Authors: Coates Joy Y.
Published: May 2022

Juggling multiple roles as the executive director of a youth development non-profit, school of education program coordinator, public lecturer, and diversity and inclusion trainer may not have been what Dr. Torie Weiston-Serdan envisioned over 10 years ago as a third-year teacher in California's Inland Empire, but the intersection of these roles is representative of the myriad critical needs of the youth in her community and the emotional dexterity it takes to address them all. This chapter provides a glimpse of how a young public school teacher and student advocate refused to accept the blatant lack of services and supports for her students remained committed to educating them while leveraging her role as an educator and scholar practitioner to create an acclaimed non-profit, Youth Mentoring Action Network, that has garnered national and international recognition by putting youth in charge of their own agency, while generating her own funding as a speaker and trainer in the US, the UK, and Ghana. Hers is a story of tenacity and fierce advocacy for young people of color.
Tanutchaporn Whand
Authors: Kramlich Deborah J.
Published: May 2022

The Dulabhatorn Foundation was founded in 2009 by Brian and Marianne Doberstyn in Chiang Mai, Thailand to work with children and youth who have physical, emotional, and/or mental disabilities. The foundation is open during the day for parents to bring their children. It provides vocational training through a local coffee shop and offers special education training for teachers in local schools. Tanutchaport (Nok) developed a special occupational therapy (OT) program for parents to use with their children at home since disadvantaged families have scant access to therapy. Somsang is one child that had additional barriers to access care in Thailand because he is stateless. He was diagnosed with cerebral palsy when he was 1 year old and came to the foundation when he was two and one-half years old because he could not sit without support. Somsang's mother quickly learned the home OT program which equipped him to learn to walk. Tanutchaporn's work in the foundation brings agency and autonomy both to the disadvantaged, disabled, and stateless.
Vivien Ji
Authors: Lu Cui
Published: May 2022

This chapter tells the story of Vivien Ji, the founder of Lifeblooms. Vivien's calling is to awaken one million Chinese women to change their own lives with radical self-love. In the last five years, Vivien Ji has served nearly 5,000 Chinese women to help them start the journey of self-love, despite coming from a traditional culture where a woman's role in society and family is more or less sacrificial. She has created a holistic detox wellness retreat program, called Lifeblooms, to teach women how to fall madly in love with themselves physically, emotionally, mentally, and spiritually so that every woman can take back her power and bloom into her authentically beautiful self. Vivien and her business partner initiated virtual workshops with many female community leaders, who care about women's well-being, growth, and leadership to collaboratively promote this feminine energy revival movement in China.
Effect of handling, time of use and photoactivation on the contamination of dental composite resins
Authors: Rêgo Dayane Bezerra , Sette-de-Souza Pedro Henrique , Peixoto Daniel Fernandes , Peixoto Raniel Fernandes
Published: May 2022

This study evaluated the effect of contamination of composite resins (CRs) handled by undergraduate students during restorative procedures, varying the time (baseline, 30 days and 60 days) and experimental condition (before and after handling, contamination with saliva [positive control] and photoactivation). Eight CR tubes were randomly distributed at the dental clinic and the samples were organized into four groups: CR fragments collected before (GB) and after (GA) the restorative procedure; CR fragments contaminated with saliva (GS) and photoactivated (GP) both collected after the procedure. These 4 groups were evaluated in 3 different times: baseline (after sealing), 30 days and 60 days of use of the CR. Samples that had positive turbidity in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth were sown in BHI and Sabouraud Dextrose (SB) agars for subsequent counting of Colony Forming Units (CFU mL-1). The results showed that the handling was responsible for increasing contamination (p < 0.05) at the baseline (GB [n = 0] and GA [n = 3]), as well as after 30 (GB [n = 1] and GA [n = 6]) and 60 (GB [n = 1] and GA [n = 5]) days of use. Photoactivation was responsible for the reduction for microorganisms in T0 and T60. Additionally, the time use and conservation did not influence the contamination of CRs. Handling was responsible for the increase of contamination of CR, the photoactivation seems to reduce the number of viable microorganisms and the time of use seems not to potentiate the effect of tube contamination.
Fabrication of Polycaprolactone -Silica Aerogel Nanofibers via Electrospinning Method
Authors: Ceylan Muhammet , Yılmaz Elif Burcu
Published: May 2022

The field of nanotechnology has seen rapid advancements over the last decade. Nanofiber production through the method of electrospinning is one of the attraction points in this area. The nanofibers, prepared with nano-sized additives, particularly with polymer, have an extensive range of usages. This study utilizes silica aerogels obtained by the sol-gel method due to their low density of 700-800 gr/m2. Polycaprolactone (PCL)-Silica Aerogel Nanofibers were attained by adding 0.5%,1%, 2%and 4% of previously produced aerogels to the nanofibers formed by electrospinning. This paper correspondingly examined the differences between AC-CL and MET-CL solvent groups being utilized during the preparation of the solutions. In addition to this examination, series of material tests were conducted, such as tensile test, SEM, FTIR, DTA/TG, and BET. Overall, the resultant nanofibers with a property of high surface area can be utilized in the design of materials applied to many areas, including solar devices, solar pools, sensors, and capacitors.
The role of the physiotherapist in pediatric obesity prevention: comparing experiences.
Authors: Mattiazzi Erica , Bolgeo Tatiana , Prosperi Antonella , Dagna Carlotta , Polverelli Marco , Di Matteo Roberta , Maconi Antonio
Published: May 2022

Background. Obesity is an emerging issue with serious health consequences. It is preventable in pediatric settings through prevention projects and education about healthy lifestyles. The aim of the study is to analyze the problem and the methods of intervention, through the involvement of physiotherapists throughout Italy, and to explore the interest and sensitivity of Italian physiotherapists to the issue.

Study design. A cross-sectional survey of physiotherapists was conducted using a self-completed online questionnaire, from January to March 2020.

Materials and Methods. Literature analysis searching for national and international prevention strategies. Administration of a cognitive questionnaire to the pediatric GIS group.

Results. Ninety-five point seven percent of the interviewees had never taken part in projects dedicated to pediatric obesity. Three experiences emerged, but only two respondents made themselves available for interview. Ninety-four point four percent of the operators considered the contribution to the health problem useful and 82.2% of them expressed a real interest in the topic.

Conclusions. Physiotherapists should play an active role in planning interventions aimed at promoting and supporting healthy lifestyles from early childhood to early adulthood, starting even earlier during the prenatal and perinatal periods.
Prospects of Hospital Information Systems and Patient Safety in Japan
Authors: Nagoshi Kiwamu , Watari Takashi , Matsumura Yasushi
Published: May 2022

Objectives: Approximately 20 years have passed since hospital information systems (HISs) featuring full-scale electronic medical records were first implemented in Japan. Patient safety is one of the most important of the several “safety” roles that HISs are expected to fulfill. However, insufficient research has analyzed the contribution of HISs to patient safety. This paper reviews the history of HISs in connection with patient safety in Japan and discusses the future of the patient safety function of HISs in a favorable environment for digitization.Methods: A review on the history of HISs with functions that contribute to patient safety was conducted, analyzing evidence from reports published by the Japanese government and papers on patient safety and HISs published in various countries.Results: Patient safety has become a concern, and initiatives to promote patient safety have progressed simultaneously with the spread of HISs. To address the problem of patient safety, most large hospitals prioritize patients’ welfare when building HISs. However, no HIS-associated reduction in adverse events due to medical treatment could be confirmed.Conclusions: HISs are expected to help prevent medical accidents, such as patient- and drug-related errors. It is hoped that the patient safety functions of HISs will become generalized and contribute to patient safety in the future. To achieve this, the government and academic societies should provide regulations and guidelines on HISs and patient safety to the medical community and medical-device vendors. Furthermore, departments responsible for HISs and patient safety should collaborate to gather evidence for the effectiveness of HISs.
H-III5F Spine Box Update to Eliminate Noise
Authors:   Dummy Testing and  Equipment Committee
Published: May 2022

This SAE Information Report documents the problems with the 2002 regulated version of the spine box and defines a recommended solution to resolve the problem.
African postcolonial fiction and the poetics of eco-cultural decadence: Re-reading Ayi Kwei Armah’s The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born and Sembène Ousmane’s Xala
Authors: Traoré Moussa , Akyen Ruth Bernice
Published: May 2022

In the depiction of post-independence Africa, the collapse of traditional moral values is a major preoccupation. This concern is often represented in the form of despicable behaviors exhibited by characters, often influenced by Western ideologies, and also in metaphors of decay or decadence. Decadence, from the literary sense of the word, could be interpreted as the moral or cultural rottenness of a community and in the literal usage of the term, it can be understood as an environmental uncleanness. Morally, a society is decayed if its moral principles and philosophies of living are weak while in the physical manifestation of the sense of the term, a decayed environment is associated with filth, pollution and physical rottenness. This paper examines the deployment of decadence as symptomatic of moral collapse and of environmental defacement in Ayi Kwei Armah’s The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born and Sembène Ousmane’s Xala. We read these texts in a theoretical context drawn from insights in postcolonial ecocriticism. While our analysis will concentrate on the ecopolitical force of the narratives, we will also examine the aestheticization of decay as a narrative device – a metaphor that foregrounds humans’ role, either by their complacency or collaboration, in destroying their environment. A critical attention will be paid to how the degradation of the environment results in the degradation of the humans as well. We conclude by pointing out that the representation of physical and moral decadence in postcolonial African literature is one way of indicting humans for degrading the environment in their quest for material acquisition.
Bacterial Infections in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: Prevalence, Predictors, and in-Hospital Mortality at a District Hospital in Ghana
Authors: Amoako Duah , Adjaye Frempong Asafu , Adjaye Sedina Asafu , Nkansah Adwoa Agyei , Francisca Duah , Poku Foster Osei , Boobi Daniel Ampofo
Published: May 2022

BackgroundIn-patients with liver cirrhosis, bacterial infections are common with high in-hospital mortality. In Ghana, bacterial infections in liver cirrhosis patients and their impact on in-patient mortality are generally unknown. This study was conducted to define the prevalence, predictors, and treatment outcomes of cirrhotic patients with bacterial infections admitted to a district hospital in Ghana. MethodsPatients with liver cirrhosis hospitalized from 1st January, 2018 to 24th April, 2020 were consecutively recruited. The demographic data and clinical presentations of the patients were collected using standardized questionnaire. Full blood count, liver function test, renal function test, ascitic fluid analysis and culture, urinalysis and culture, hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-hepatitis C antibodies and abdominal ultrasound scans of the abdomen were conducted for all patients. ResultsThere were 110 (65.09%) males out of the 169 patients with a mean age of 47.10±12.88 years. The prevalence of infections was 42.01% (71/169). Out of 71 participants with infections, 59.15% (42/72) died. Fever, encephalopathy, high white cell count, Child-Pugh Class C and Blood urea nitrogen were independent predictors of bacterial infections ConclusionBacterial infection among the participants admitted to district hospital with liver cirrhosis was common with high in-hospital mortality.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(1):46-54
Knowledge and Utilization of Contraceptive Methods among Secondary School Female Adolescents in Rwamagana District, Rwanda
Authors: Ngerageze Innocent , Mukeshimana Madeleine , Nkurunziza Aimable , Bikorimana Emmanuel , Uwishimye Ernest , Mukamuhirwa Deborah , Mbarushimana Judith , Bahaya Florian , Nyirasafari Emerthe , Mukabizimana Janviere , Niyitegeka Perpetue , Mukandayisaba Delphine , Tuyishimire Marie Louise , Mukanoheli Vestine
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAdolescent pregnancy is a global health concern. Many adolescent deaths occur due to early marriage and pregnancy. This study assessed knowledge and utilization of contraception among secondary school female adolescents at selected secondary schools in Rwamagana district.MethodsCross-sectional design using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted on 117 participants selected by simple random. Analysis used descriptive and inferential statistics at 95% confidence interval, employing SPSS Version 23. Dependent variable was the use of contraceptive and independent variables were socio-demographics and knowledge variables. Bivariate analysis assessed the association between independent and dependent variables. Multivariate analysis assessed the strength of association between dependent and independent variables by computing Odds Ratio. Results are presented in tables and figures. ResultsThe majority (88%) had heard of contraception, though knowledge about contraception was inadequate (61.54%). Level of contraceptive use was low (17%). The significant independent predictors of contraceptive use were the level of education, having heard of contraception, knowledge of source of contraception, and knowledge of specific contraception methods. ConclusionHearing about contraception, was not proportionately associated with knowledge or practicing contraception among the sexually active female adolescents. There is a need to enhance sex education, youth-friendly health services, and research.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(1):71-84
Tuning the structural, magnetic, and optical properties of ZnO/NiFe2O4 heterojunction photocatalyst for simultaneous photodegradation of Rhodamine B and Methylene Blue under natural sunlight
Authors: Stiadi Yeni , Wendari Tio Putra , Zilfa  , Zulhadjri  , Rahmayeni
Published: May 2022

The magnetic nanocomposites of ZnO/NiFe2O4 were synthesized using a hydrothermal method in organic solvent-free media for application as a heterojunction photocatalyst. XRD measurements confirmed the formation of the required phases of nanocomposites with no impurity phases observed. The SEM and TEM analysis confirmed the morphology and shape of composite as being spherical and square-like grain. The magnetic properties of composites measured using vibrating sampler magnetometer (VSM) under an applied field of ±2 T showed a soft ferromagnetism. Band gap energy of the ZnO/NiFe2O4 sample was found to be lower than the pure ZnO nanoparticles. The photocatalytic activity of samples was evaluated by monitoring the simultaneous degradation of the mixed dye model of Rhodamine B and Methylene Blue under visible-light irradiation. Compared with pure ZnO, the nanocomposites exhibited a better photocatalytic performance with a degradation percentage of 98% for Rhodamine B and 97% for Methylene Blue in mix solution after 3 h of irradiation.
Effect of vitamin B3 supplementation on glutathione redox cycle
Authors: KESKİN Adem
Published: May 2022

In this study, the effect of vitamin B3 supplement given to rats was investigated on glutathione redox cycle by looking at glutathione peroxidase and glutathione s transferase activities. 20 Wistar albino male rats were used. Vitamin B3 supplement was given to one of the two groups that were formed. The other group was determined as the control group. 360 mg/kg/day vitamin B3 supplement was given by oral gavage method for 10 days. At the end of 10 days, intracardiac blood samples were taken. Glutathione peroxidase activity level was determined as 1033.44±198.05 U/L in the vitamin B3 supplement group and 526.00±99.54 U/L in the control group. The glutathione peroxidase activity level of the vitamin B3 supplemented group was found to be statistically significantly higher than the glutathione peroxidase activity level of the control group (p
Real-Time Monitoring the Indoor Air Quality Parameters of Intensive Care Unit During the Pandemic Period
Authors: LAKESTANI Sanaz , MİLLİ Mehmet , YILDIZ İsa , DEMİRHAN Abdullah
Published: May 2022

People spend most of their time in enclosed spaces (e.g., hospital, houses, office buildings, public transportation, and schools). The coronavirus in late 2019 has rapidly spread throughout the world. After the pandemic, people started to spend more time in indoor environments, especially in hospitals. In this study, air quality monitoring was carried out in the Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in Bolu - Turkey. This is the first comprehensive study done in Turkey. In this study, PM2.5, PM10, temperature, and relative humidity parameters affecting indoor air quality were monitored instantly for one month with a Wireless Sensors Network-based system. By the results of the study, the maximum concentration of these parameters except relative humidity was higher than the limited by accepted values parameters by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), and the World Health Organization (WHO).
ПРОВИНЦИЈСКИ РЕП КАО АЛТЕРНАТИВНИ ЈЕЗИЧКИ И МУЗИЧКИ ПРАВАЦ: ЕЛЕМЕНТИ КОСОВСКО‑РЕСАВСКОГ ДИЈАЛЕКТА У РЕП МУЗИЦИ
Authors: Чопа Миљана , Аксић Нина
Published: May 2022

The aim of this research is to examine both the language used in rap music in areas where the Kosovo-Resava dialect is spoken and the themes appearing in this type of music. The research methods used are the (socio)linguistic and cultural approach (Anthropology and Ethnology). Such an interdisciplinary approach in regards to examining this modern phenomenon is valuable as it allows dissections from multiple aspects. Many are the purposes of using a dialect in this musical genre. It primarily shows one’s authenticity and territorial identification, but also a unique rebellion against the system which is apparent from the themes of the songs that portray provincial life. The results of this analysis can provide support for future research into language and provincial themes appearing in rap music, or other genres, considering that this kind of research in Serbistics and Culturology is yet to be conducted.
THE EXPANDING CIRCLE UNDER A MAGNIFYING GLASS: WORLD ENGLISHES IN THE EUROPEAN CONTEXT
Authors: Grubor Jelena , Subanović Katarina
Published: May 2022

The concept of ‘World Englishes/WEs’, which can be traced back to the Kachruvian Three-Circle Theory, has arisen out of the claim on ‘shared ownership’ of English throughout the world and the need to adopt an alternative approach to the role of native speakers. There has been exhaustive research into the characteristics of Outer (OC), and Expanding Circle (EC) varieties, but outside Europe. Since the context in which English is learnt/used in Europe is quite specific, our main aim was to determine the distribution and frequency of different ‘European Englishes/EEs’ in scholarly papers published in World Englishes in the last decade. We employed multilayered content analysis, focusing on the key words (e.g. EC, European n-variety etc), and then analysing the singled-out papers more thoroughly by the set criteria. The results indicate that the number of EC papers exploring contexts outside Europe almost doubles ‘EEs’ papers. The great majority of ‘EEs’ papers fall under the descriptive perspective, followed by hybridisationist, with no papers adopting the critical perspective. The most frequently employed approach is sociolinguistic. The results pertaining to n-varieties are inconclusive. To conclude, further research is needed to provide more valuable insights into the study of ‘EEs’.
NARATIVNO NOVINARSTVO KAO ALTERNATIVA TRADICIONALNIM NOVINARSKIM ŽANROVIMA U SAVREMENOJ MEDIJSKOJ PRAKSI
Authors: Aleksić Dušan
Published: May 2022

Using the theoretical designation of narrative journalism as a form of journalistic expression relying heavily on literary narration, the given journalistic form will be analysed from a contemporary perspective in order to determine its characteristics and position in contemporary journalism. Considering that it constitutes a unique form from the linguistic, content, and organizational perspective, and that its artistic aspect is highly prominent, narrative journalism is often viewed as an obsolete and economically unprofitable journalistic form in practice. Because of that, one of the main goals of this paper is to determine to what extent narrative journalism is present in the contemporary media discourse, what its characteristics are and which position it occupies in the system of media genres, and to do so by combining the descriptive method and qualitative content analysis. It will focus especially on determining its role in civic journalism, which developed on the basis of technologic advancement, and which represents an alternative to the reporting of professional media.
ВЕБ МЕДИЈИ КАО АЛТЕРНАТИВНА СФЕРА ИНФОРМИСАЊА У ПОСТНОВИНАРСТ
Authors: Радовић Владета , Дојчиновић Милан
Published: May 2022

The modern moment in which we live and create can be viewed as a digital epoch permeated with the binary language of numbers one and zero. “Digital life” is also determined by the digitized sphere of public information in which information available via the Internet triumphs over the traditional sphere of providing information (the press, radio, television). An increasing number of audiences is turning to online media, via either computers or via media applications on smartphones. Interestingly, digital media simultaneously create “information flash flood” which lead to the “clogging” of information channels, but also open a space in which one may obtain objective information outside the uniform context of traditional media reporting policy. That is why we can label web media as an alternative in providing information. In the digital media environment, journalistic genres are also transformed, so that they accept the features of Internet communication, which is concise and simple. The subject of this paper is the media of the online sphere as an alternative source of information in the era of post-journalism and post-truth. As the possibility of misinformation has increased with the increasing flow of information in the online sphere, it is especially important to point out the mechanisms by which the audience can be protected from fake news and untruths. The main goal of this paper is to determine whether the online media sphere can be perceived as a separate sphere of informing or only as the addition to the traditional sphere.
WECHAT – АЛТЕРНАТИВНИ ОБЛИК КОМУНИКАЦИЈЕ У КИНИ
Authors: Бајић Levy Драгана
Published: May 2022

During the process of rapid socio-economic development, China is ready to present the results of its cultural and technological progress to the outside world in the age of the Internet, but at the same time it is very determined to preserve its autonomy in placing various forms of digital communication on the Chinese market. As a result of the dedication of the Chinese state to making a counterpart to foreign social networks through the years, a Chinese alternative, a multi-purpose application - Weixin (in Chinese 微 信, in English micro message) was created, known as WeChat outside China. At the time of its emergence, it was just one of many other smartphone applications, and was just recently transformed into a platform which is now used by average Chinese citizens in many social activities. WeChat successfully combines the functions which make it a powerful means of communication, as well as a practical means for easily finding out the latest information, for making payments, scheduling medical examinations, and successfully delivering money gifts, or the so-called hongbao. This paper investigates the communicative function of this platform, which is reflected in the exchange of written and audio-visual information among friends of different generations, and points out the similarities and differences that exist between this Chinese alternative method of communication and similar applications in the West.
ФРАНЦУСКА АПСОЛУТНА ДЕТАШИРАНА КОНСТРУКЦИЈА И ЊЕНИ СРПСКИ ЕКВИВАЛЕНТИ
Authors: Станковић Селена , Живић Наташа
Published: May 2022

The paper, based on the findings of S. Anon (Hanon, 1989) and B. Combettes (1998), shows the French absolute detached construction (la construction absolue détachée) through a descriptive method. Since there is no formal syntactic equivalent in the Serbian language, contrastive analysis is used to define the Serbian translation equivalents of the given French expression, that is, a Serbian alternative construction. This central part of the examination is based on definitions and explanations offered by Serbian language grammars (Piper et al., 2005; Stevanović, 1986; Stanojčić, 2010). The term alternative (n., adj.) is used on two levels of meaning: a) the Serbian translational equivalent of the French detached construction is considered as its alternative since the Serbian language does not have such a construction; b) Serbian translational equivalents are viewed as forms that in some situations function as alternatives to each other. The research is conducted with excerpts from French literary works and their translations into Serbian. The analysis shows that the Serbian alternative to the French construction is a genitive or instrumental case syntagm which achieves a qualitative determination of sentence predication with the meaning of the accompanying circumstance or qualifies the term at the time of the action; additionally, different syntactic structures, as well as morphosyntactic and morphological categories, appear in the service of independent and dependent word definitions.