bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Destructive Testing Using Microwave in TE Mode for Detecting Axial Cracks in a Metal Pipe
Authors: Katagiri Takuya  , Sasaki Kota  , Yusa Noritaka  , Hashizume Hidetoshi
Published: February 2025

A new mode convertor, which has four coaxial cable connectors and four semi-rigid cables situated circumferentially, was fabricated to propagate TE mode microwaves in a circular pipe in order to detect axial cracks appearing in the inner surface of the pipe. In this study, the reflections were measured using a network analyzer by propagating microwaves as a pulse through the mode convertor into a brass pipe that contains the slit on the inner surface. The reflections were evaluated with different orientations, lengths, and positions of the slit. The experimental results showed a clear difference between the signals with and without the slit.
Novel Dual-Band Cavity-Backed Antenna Design and Its Application to Simultaneous RFID Communications and Partial Discharge Monitoring of High Voltage Facilities
Authors: Zhang Wen-Hai  , Tam Kam-Weng  , Lu Wen-Jun
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a study of an innovative front-end for UHF Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Partial Discharge (PD) detection application. The front-end system mainly consists of a dual-band antenna, a diplexer, and a PD detection unit. As the antenna design is the major objective of this work, a novel cavity-backed monopole antenna is thus designed, fabricated and tested. Experimental results show that the antenna can cover 649 MHz to 702 MHz and 876 MHz to 1050 MHz, which could be applied for future RFID sensor systems of condition monitoring and fault diagnostics in electrical utilities.
Monotonicity Imaging in Eddy Current Testing and Extraction of Time Constants
Authors: Su Zhiyi  , Giovinco Gaspare  , Udpa Lalita  , Udpa Satish  , Tamburrino Antonello
Published: February 2025

This article explores the Monotonicity Principle Method (MPM) for defect imaging in eddy current testing problems. This method determines if a voxel of the specimen is part of the defect or not by a simple test concerning the time constants of the source free response of an eddy current testing experiment. These simple tests comprise comparison operations thus resulting in a computational cost increasing as O(n),n being the number of unknown voxels. Therefore, this method is very low-cost in computation and provides real-time imaging capabilities. In practice, the performance of this method is highly limited by the accuracy of time constants, which have to be estimated from the transient waveform of a pulsed eddy current testing experiment. This contribution presents the first effort in estimating the time constants in the framework of MPM for pulsed eddy current testing: a method based on the Laplace-Padé approximant approach is proposed and validated through numerical examples.
Non-Invasive Evaluation of Yogurt Formation Using a Contactless Radiofrequency Inductive Technique
Authors: Dinh Thi-Hong-Nhung  , Bore Thierry  , Serfaty Stephane  , Joubert Pierre-Yves
Published: February 2025

The paper reports on the implementation of an inductive RF sensing technique dedicated to the non-contact evaluation of the dielectric properties of organic materials. The technique lies on the use of a high quality-factor RF resonator, electromagnetically coupled to the material under evaluation, and distantly monitored by an RF bobbin coil connected to a network analyzer. A lumped element electrical model of the set-up is proposed and used to estimate the complex permittivity of the material, starting from the complex impedance read out at the ends of the monitoring coil. The contactless measurement technique is implemented for the dielectric monitoring of yogurts during their gelation process. Results obtained under various operating conditions and yogurt preparation parameters are discussed and compared with results obtained with a conventional open ended coaxial contact probe. The obtained preliminary results open the way to the development of easy-to-implement and non-invasive dielectric monitoring techniques of organic materials, with many prospects in agrifood as well as health monitoring applications.
Inspection of Ferromagnetic Materials Using High-Field Double Pulse Eddy Currents
Authors: Rocha T.  , Ramos H.G.  , Pasadas D.  , Ribeiro A.L.
Published: February 2025

The inspection of ferromagnetic materials for surface defects is usually made using the Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) technique. By magnetically saturating the specimen, some magnetic flux lines will escape the material in the presence of a defect, which can be used to detect and characterize the defect. However, the saturation of the ferromagnetic specimen when motion is involved can be troublesome, which can be a disadvantage in cases such as railroad inspection. This work proposes a new technique to inspect the surface of ferromagnetic materials based on eddy currents. The technique creates two consecutive pulses of currents (up to 1500 A) in a coil that generates a high magnetic field (peak around 3.5 T) in the vicinity of the sample. Simulations were made to show the method is able to detect defects in a ferromagnetic sample. Signal processing was applied to the obtained data in order to reduce the MFL component and give emphasis to the eddy currents perturbations.
Nondestructive Characterization of Dielectric Materials with Scanning Terahertz Spectroscopy
Authors: Szielasko Klaus  , Stumm Christopher  , Manavipour Maryam  , Sasaki Kota
Published: February 2025

Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz TDS) has a wide variety of applications regarding characterization and inspection of dielectric materials such as plastics, ceramics and wood. Market prices for high-performance equipment have decreased below a hundred thousand Euros already and will soon reach levels where a wide range of industrial applications can be envisaged. Besides the detection of flaws and foreign bodies in many types of plastics and measurement of coating thickness, THz TDS can detect diffusion of water into plastics due to the high absorption coefficient of water in the THz range. This contribution regards imaging of water diffusion into a sheet of polyamide 6.6 with scanning THz TDS equipment in transmission mode. The weight increase of the water-exposed part of the sample due to water absorption was about 3% after about 300 hours of immersion, and the exposed area showed a significant decrease of the transmitted THz amplitude. Future work aims at reconstructing the moisture gradient into depth by means of inverse profiling algorithms.
Cyber War: An Expected Apocalypse or a Hyped Threat?
Authors: Celik Minhac
Published: February 2025

The rapid increase in the use of technologies dependent on the Internet has brought to the fore the security threats stemming from cyberspace. The argument that cyber threats are overestimated and viewed as a larger threat than they really are is also a point that is debated, as the constantly evolving security and threat perceptions are shaped by the changes in cyberspace. According to the proponents of this argument, cyber threats are not as severe as they are presented, despite the large budgets states assign to cyber security, cyber armies they set up or the news in the media. The most significant argument of those who assert that cyber threats are exaggerated is that known cyber-attacks have never physically harmed anyone so far. On the other hand, the idea that the world should be ready for cyber wars is voiced over and over again, specifically by state authorities. US officials have been devising analogies such as “Cyber Pearl Harbor” and “Cyber 9/11,” which indicate that cyber threats are viewed as national security issues. This article explores the efficiency of the use of cyber power diplomatically in the events that have taken place thus far and compares cyber weapons and nuclear weapons by analyzing the debates on cyber security and cyber warfare definitions. The article, as a result, views cyber security studies as an essential element of national security.
The Need for a Maritime Cyber Risk Management Framework
Authors: Jackson Harry
Published: February 2025

International commerce is dependent on sea lines of communication. The ability for a nation to operate a system of international commerce unimpeded is vital to its security. More than 95% of America's international trade traverses the nation's maritime infrastructure through the 361 ports in the United States on approximately 7,500 foreign-flagged vessels that make more than 50,000 port calls annually. Every year more than 6 million containers, carrying more than 156 million tons of hazardous cargo and 1 billion-plus tons of petroleum products depart American ports. The shutdown of one or two ports could potentially cause more damage to the U.S. economy than the September 11 attacks. Maritime assets such as offshore production platforms, deep seabed mining operations, and liquefied petroleum tankers are attractive targets to a terrorist organization or a state actor seeking to strike a strategic U.S. center of gravity, disrupting sea lines of communication and its ability to operate internationally. With an ever - increasing reliance on networked technologies to manage this infrastructure, a federal framework to manage the cyber risks posed to maritime assets should be adopted.
Assessing the Potential for NATO's Practical Input in Regional Energy Security
Authors: Žilinskas Remigijus
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the state of play of energy security issue in NATO's in order to reveal the potential for any practicality in terms of regional cooperation with Partners. The article briefly defines the perception and importance of energy security in current security debates and provides a retrospective analysis of the energy security discourse development in NATO. The article argues that despite the fact that NATO has rather limited role, the so called Golden Energy Triangle formula with a strong Education and Training charge applied by NATO Energy Security Centre of Excellence could provide a further impetus and windows of opportunities for further development of South Caucasus region cooperation on energy security.
Poland's Energy Security Policy: Overcoming Dependence on Russia
Authors: Czachor Rafal
Published: February 2025

The paper is dedicated to Poland's energy policy which is aimed to ensure proper development of extraction, transportation and storage infrastructure and to boost investments in a modern energy-save technologies and products, as well as limiting dependence on supplies from other countries. It covers some retrospective aspects, when Polish authorities put energy security among main tasks of the state. They were focused on the problem of stability and predictability of supplies due to dependence on import from one direction – Russia. The paper addresses also the aspects related to what has happened after Poland became a full fledged member of the EU and how it changed their perception – the European Union to become as a guarantee of the energy security.
Systemic Approach to Energy Security
Authors: Margvelashvili Murman
Published: February 2025

Energy Security is an integral part of National Security and it should be understood as uninterrupted supply of quality energy at affordable price without compromising other interests of the country. Adequate risk management measures should be applied based on systemic approach including risk categorization, risk evaluation, accounting for seasonal variations and root cause analysis. Improvement of energy security is possible through a wide spectrum of soft measures.
The Security Challenges in North Caucasus: The Case of Chechnya and Dagestan
Authors: Jasutis Grazvydas
Published: February 2025

The article explores the implications of conflict between Chechnya and Dagestan. It explains the evolution of the Dagestani-Chechen relations, their confrontation and psycho-cultural dramas; covers its recent developments and offers a path towards resolution. It outlines the key events which created a division, thus impacting on their harmonious cohabitation. The roots of their confrontation derive from historical injustice towards Chechnya as a result of forced deportation, unwillingness to revise the territories or accommodate the needs of the communities living in the disputed territories of Dagestan on the one hand. A series of external actions (such as the movement of Chechen troops into the Dagestani region—including armed raids in Borozdinovka in 2005 and 2008) substantiated anti-Chechen Dagestani sentiment. The article concludes that the Dagestani-Chechen relations need serious revision and intervention from regional authorities in addition to traditional local justice and reconciliation mechanisms. The research was supported by a Marie Curie International Research Staff Exchange Scheme Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme
Internet of Things for Manufacturing in the Context of Industry 4.0
Authors: Liu Changhong  , Zhong Ray Y.
Published: February 2025

Internet of Things (IoT) can be defined as “a world where physical objects are seamlessly integrated into the information network, and where the physical objects can become active participants in business processes. Services are available to interact with these ‘smart objects’ over the Internet, query their state and any information associated with them, taking into account security and privacy issues.” The Internet of Things itself is enabled by a few key technologies which have had extensive progressive in the last few years. As the well world-wide spread of Industry 4.0, IoT-enabled manufacturing plays an important role in supporting smart factory, intelligent automation, and real-time adaptive decision-makings. This paper comprehensively review related technologies and world-wide movements so that insights and lessons could be useful for academia and practitioners when contemplating IoT technologies for upgrading and transforming traditional manufacturing into a Industry 4.0 future.
A Pattern Based Approach to Human Motion Control
Authors: Fukuda Shuichi
Published: February 2025

Most researches on motion control are attempting to control motion from the outside. But as Bernstein pointed out in the case of human motion the number of the degrees of freedom is tremendously large, so it is extremely difficult to control motion from the outside. However, if we note how our bodies contribute to our cognition, there are approaches from the other way , i.e.,from the inside. Gallwey pointed out in his book “The Inner Game of Tennis” what an important role our bodies play in tennis. Our muscles are different from person to person, so to win a game, there is no explicit way, but we must fully utilize our embodied cognition. It is his message. This paper describes a pattern-based approach to motion control, which is based on our capability of embodied cognition.
Improved Classification Algorithm Based on Genetic Programming and Its Application in Process Monitoring of Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Yang Zhensheng  , Huang Youfang
Published: February 2025

This work presented a defect classification methods based on improved classification algorithm in additive manufacturing process. To make the algorithm be applicable in process monitoring tasks, a method of optimizing the evolution process in GP evolution was raised in this work. A series of specific functions and their linear combinations were introduced to represent the GP classification model. The evolution process in this strategy is designed to optimize the coefficients of these functions and the offset. The advantaged in GP are also completely inherited. Comparing with GP alone, the improved strategy could reach higher classification accuracy in engineering application, i.e., process monitoring of additive manufacture.
How Does Brand Community Identity Affect Brand Loyalty and Brand Recommendation?
Authors: Zheng Fucheng  , Zhang Ning  , Yu Liqin  , Li Guanfei
Published: February 2025

Once consumers identified a brand community, will they be loyal to the brand or recommend it to others? To answer the question, our study investigated the relationship between brand community identity and consumer behaviors (brand loyalty and brand recommendation); also, we examined the mediation role of brand identity. Results showed that brand identity can fully mediate the relationship between brand community identity and brand loyalty. However, as for the impact of brand community identity on brand recommendation, it can only play a partial mediation role. Specifically, when consumers identified with a brand, they are certainly loyal to it instead of recommending it to others. These conclusions complement brand community theory and provide significant guidance to corporate marketing activities when building brand community.
A Reference Model to Analyse User Experience in Integrated Product-Process Design
Authors: Peruzzini Margherita  , Grandi Fabio  , Pellicciari Marcello
Published: February 2025

The analysis of human factors is assuming an increasing importance in product and process design and the lack of common references for their assessment in industrial practices had driven to define a reference model to analyse the so-called User eXperience (UX) to support human-centred product-process design. Indeed, the recent advances in ubiquitous computing, wearable technologies and low-cost connected devices offer a huge amount of new tools for UX monitoring, but the main open issue is selecting the most proper devices for the specific application area and properly interpreting the collected information content in respect with the industrial design goals. The research investigates how to analyse the human behaviours of “users” (i.e., workers) by a reference model to assess the perceived experience and a set of proper technologies for UX investigation for industrial scopes. In particular, the model has been defined for the automotive sector. The paper defines a set of evaluation metrics and a structured protocol analysis to objectify and measure the UX with the final aim to support the requirements definition in product-process design. The model has been defined to fit different cases: vehicle drivers at work, workers in the manufacturing line, and service operators.
Real Time Bio Signal Interface for Visual Monitoring of Radar Controllers
Authors: Wee Hong Jie  , Trapsilawati Fitri  , Lye Sun Woh  , Chen Chun-Hsien  , Pinheiro Jean-Philippe
Published: February 2025

A projection of annual increase in air traffic of 4% to 2020 will exceed current capacities within a decade. Air traffic controllers are greatly challenged to handle this growth in air traffic on present approaches. Automation aids via new technologies and procedures are being developed to assist controllers to better monitor the air traffic and make decisions accordingly. Even so, air traffic controllers may still lose their situational awareness by failing to observe the appropriate flight parameters or data within the tactical control timeframe. Such problems are further compounded owing to the fatigue of controllers in an increasingly forseeable congested airspace. This paper presents a proposed approach via a real-time bio-signal interface of radar controllers, where their visual monitoring behaviour and mental workload is captured during tactical control. These data are then processed and converted into eye tracking metrics and Electroenchepahogram (EEG) workload levels which serve to guide and alert controllers on their active monitoring engagement with the traffic situations on display. Preliminary tests revealed that the approach is able to time stamp, track and replay the eye movement location accurately to within 0.5 degree angular deviation on 2K monitor display while assessing the mental workload during every second of operation. On number of eye fixation counts, gaze duration and EEG workload levels, noticeable difference in their monitoring behaviour when dealing with varying traffic flow at crossings could be observed.
Automated Design Assessment as a Strategic Part of Design Platforms
Authors: Johansson Joel  , Elgh Fredrik
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a general model for businesses to work with their engineering assessments to challenge fluctuating requirements which is the result of a recently finished research project. The model is presented together with a case study of a company with a product that continuously is and must be adapted to a changing market to be alive at all. The company has developed a streamlined development process that is configured based on current needs from time to time. One keystone to make the mass customization possible to this company is the augmented synthesis and the automated assessment of the product variants rendered through the configured development process. The automated process of making the assessments and how it connects to the general model is also presented in the paper.
A Study on the Packaging Design of Agro-Food Using a Qualitative Research Technique
Authors: Chae Hye-Sung  , Ha Eun-Young  , Seo Ae-Eun
Published: February 2025

This study aims to systematically identify the problems of packaging design with 6thindustrialized agro-food and to prepare improvement plans. The research method is to collect the 5 experts' evaluative opinions about the packaging design of the 41 agro-food products and to analyze systematically using Nvivo 11, qualitative data analysis software. The significance of this study is that it provides an empirical basis for improving the packaging design and that it suggests a methodology for logical analysis through qualitative research using unstructured data on design evaluation in the field of design.
PI – Definition, Principles, Methodology and Application
Authors: Huo Younfeng
Published: February 2025

PI – Definition, Principle, Methodology and Application" clearly tells about the contents of paper, which defines meaningful product identity for corporate with concrete project which followed theoretical and practical preparation on PI building. PI project is composed mainly of three phases: informing, modelling and Transformation. Informing phase collects and analyses inputs, Modelling phase builds a pattern using keywords system reflecting a defined CI, while Transformation phase translates the working model into entities applicable to product features, which lead to a set of guidelines. Conclusion: we can build our product identity model on three levels: atmospheric, categorical and characterizing; And PI guidelines can benefit both in-house designers and project leader to orientate confidently and acquire efficiently their wished results representing definite corporate culture.
A Study on Comprehensive Evaluation of Deep-Sea HOV Cockpit Console Based on Fuzzy Gravity Center
Authors: Guo Qi  , Xue Chengqi  , Zhou Lei  , Wang Haiyan
Published: February 2025

The cockpit console is an important part in the deep-sea human occupied vehicle (HOV). The comprehensive evaluation of HOV cockpit console is a multi-target and multi-hierarchical decision-making process. In this paper, a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on gravity center is proposed which can improve the accuracy of the evaluation. Firstly, the ergonomics evaluation index system of HOV cockpit console is established according to the characteristics of HOV console. Secondly, the combination weight of index is calculated by expert subjective weighting method and standard deviation method, meanwhile, the appraisal matrix is constructed based on the theory of fuzzy gravity center, then the comprehensive evaluation result can be obtained. Finally, an experiment is given to illustrate the implementation process of the proposed method, and the experiment result verified the feasibility and rationality of the method.
Integrated Data Management System of Tank Test and CFD Data Considering Hull Form Design Process
Authors: Wanaka Shinnosuke  , Hiekata Kazuo  , Mitsuyuki Taiga
Published: February 2025

The objective of this paper is to propose data management scheme of towing tank test and CFD data considering the reuse in design process, and to develop an integrated data management system based on the scheme. To be concrete, the data scheme is proposed by using Resource Description Framework (RDF), which is one of the technique of Linked Open Data (LOD). Towing tank test and CFD data have many kinds of data type and format including video, measured time-series data, and so on. Various kinds of type and format can be assumed for experiments and CFD softwares. But the defined data scheme enable to manage all the data and every achievement of designers can be shared. Moreover, information about procedure of the hull form design process is modeled in RDF format as well. By connecting the past achievement data to the information about design process, a hull form design assistant system is developed as a web application, on which designers are able to access required information in their required timing. In a case study, a simplified case of the actual design process is assumed, and by applying the developed system to the case, we demonstrate that the developed system can achieve the objective and is useful to make hull form design process more efficient.
Knowledge Based Processes in the Context of Conceptual Design
Authors: Pokojski Jerzy  , Oleksiński Konrad  , Pruszyński Jarosław
Published: February 2025

The paper presents an attempt of real, industrial, engineering knowledge modeling, used in a small company. The authors concentrate on the concept of personal/team knowledge repositories and tools which can support conceptual design. The introduced software solutions allow to perform and acquire key steps which are necessary to achieve the final conceptual goals.
A Simulation Study on the Automated Container Storage Yard Cranes System
Authors: Yang Yang  , Zhang XinJian  , Wu Zhenhui
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we introduce a configuration of container storage yard, in which lift AGVs and shuttle carrier are used. We address the approach for building one detailed simulation system for this automated container storage yard system. Simulation frame, several control logic and decision making rules are presented. Simulation experiments for scheduling triple RMG cranes are carried out to evaluate the effects of the scheduling strategy. The objective of the study is to maximize the productivity of the system, which might be applied to import containers set and export containers set at the same time.
Transdisciplinary Innovation: Connecting Ideas from Professional and Community Networks
Authors: Beckett Ronald C.  , Vachhrajani Hardik
Published: February 2025

Transdiscipinary innovation – what is it and how does it work? In this paper, the way disparate professional and community actors may work together is considered, drawing on case study data from three different Australian-Indian academic research collaborations. One considered food sector SME innovation practice in the two countries and the other two considered the deployment in India of radical technologies developed by international teams to deliver social benefits. The collection of knowledge artifacts from disparate sources was the norm. Implementation of an innovative idea or technology application commonly involved parallel processes of interactive learning from testing possible combinations. Six facilitating mechanisms to be explored further were identified in this exploratory study.
Design of Personalized Product Service System Utilizing Multi-Agent System
Authors: Tsai Chi-Shiuan  , Chiu Ming-Chuan
Published: February 2025

In the dynamic changing world, problems of uncertainty are doubtlessly crucial issues for firms, investors, customers, and all other members in the value constellation. To achieve sustainability, reduce the risk of uncertainty, and fulfil a variety of customer needs, the concept of Product Service System (PSS) has been proposed as a solution. Although there are several previous studies working on PSS development, there is no dynamic methodology to quickly adjust for external changes and customer response. According to the above gap, this paper presents a Multi-Agent-based Personalized Product Service System (MAPPSS) development model. An agent-based model is built to develop a personalized PSS prototype. In this model, users are able to decide the expected service characteristics, and service composition would be conducted by searching related product and service. Different synthetic solutions are then prioritized by the evaluation agent module, and the final PSS prototype is generated. With the application of the proposed method, competence of enterprises can be enhanced due to the improved agility and user-oriented features. The generated PSS can also be improved immediately by constantly monitoring the performance and through the iteration of the proposed method.
Construction and Application of Functional Requirement Model of the Urban Intelligent Lighting Appliance (UILA) Based on the Users' Need
Authors: Ye Junnan  , Cheng Jianxin  , Yang Chaoxiang  , Lin Ling  , Xi Le  , Xiao Wangqun
Published: February 2025

The multi-functional Urban intelligent lighting Appliance (UILA) has become the important technology terminal to realize the construction of our smart city for future. By far, one of the most urgent problems which need to be solved is the way to apply those new functions to the UILAs effectively according to the users' need. This article takes Shanghai (China) as an example, analyzing and summarizing the functional demands of the future UILA from perspectives of functions, environment, aesthetics and energy-efficiency in the way of experts interview and bibliographic retrieval. By applying the theory of Kansei Engineering, we collect the data of the urban-dwellers' perceptual demand for the UILA's functions in different areas through questionnaires, specify the intention of the needing of the UILA's functions by combing Kansei engineering design with factor analysis, and set up the model to evaluate this application. The result of the research will provide the strong evidence for the relevant UILA design and make a big contribution to the future smart city construction.
Systematic Approach in Determining Workspace Area and Manufacturing Throughput Time for Configuring Robot Work Cell
Authors: Osman N.S.  , Rahman M.A.A.  , Abdul Rahman A.A.  , Kamsani S.H.  , Bali Mohamad B.M.  , Mohamad E.  , Zaini Z.A.  , Ab Rahman M.F.
Published: February 2025

This paper delineates the development process of a systematic approach in determining the workspace area, and manufacturing throughput time, of robot work cell. The primary goal of this work is to provide a fast and easy configuration model with minimal cost, human involvement, trial and errors adjustments. The configuration model is constituted based on the variant-shaped configuration concept with its mathematical model. Robot work cell configuration concept with its mathematical models are deliberated in this paper where integration of these findings will be able to provide a framework in modeling the graphical user interface (GUI) of the configuration model. This work utilizes the CATIA V5 software where it involves the CATIA VBA and macro tool. The completion of this work could provide a basis for future investigation in developing high quality configuration model of the multiple robot work cells.
An Ontology-Based Product Affective Properties Identification Approach
Authors: Chang Danni  , Lin Danping  , Han Ting
Published: February 2025

Precisely understanding the value and perception of consumers has long been recognized as essential elements of every market-oriented company's core business strategy. For this reason, customers' affection, as the basis for the formation of human values and judgment, should be considered carefully to strengthen the product quality and competitiveness. However, conventional product design places more attention to functional attributes and requires survey process to collect customers' evaluations, neglecting the in-depth study of the underlying associations between design properties and consumers' emotions based on the abundant online consumer response resources. To improve the deficiency, this study was proposed to develop a product affective properties identification approach. Particularly, data mining techniques (e.g. web mining, text mining) are applied to capture online product review resources. Considering the characteristics of user/consumer responses and evaluations, ontology is utilized to assist in the semantic analysis. With the help of product knowledge hierarchy and electronic lexical database, product properties, which can evoke consumers' affect, can be identified. Furthermore, the identified product affective properties are prioritized to provide designers with important reference for future improvement on the product. To illustrate the proposed approach, a pilot study based on iPhone 7 was conducted, in which the influential affective properties have been identified, and a ranking of them has been mapped out.
Microfluidic Snap-Fit Assembly Enabled by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Ashour Mohamed  , Kersaudy-Kerhoas Maïwenn
Published: February 2025

Interconnects are a necessity in microfluidic assembly to link micro or nanoscale features to workable platforms and provide world-to-chip access. Packaging issues can hold back progress in microfluidic or biosensor projects and are recognised an underestimated challenge in microfluidic manufacturing and production. Conventionally interconnections between microfluidic modules are obtained via a screw fastening or clamping systems both reliant on operator screw torque which can modify flow behaviour from one module to the other and in turn affect fluidic related performance such as hydrodynamic separation efficiencies. The proposed solution is a microfluidic snap-fit assembly. We described the design, model and test of a snap-fit package enabled by additive manufacturing for microfluidic applications.
Production of Multiple Material Parts Using a Desktop 3D Printer
Authors: Butt Javaid  , Mebrahtu Habtom  , Shirvani Hassan
Published: February 2025

3D printing has amassed immense popularity over the years and the advent of low-cost desktop 3D printers is believed to have the potential to fundamentally change the manufacturing industry. In this paper, a method for the production of multiple material parts has been presented by incorporating a dry powder dispensing device to a 3D desktop printer called Mendel. The working mechanism of the 3D printer's extruder and the powder dispenser as a singular cohesive unit has been demonstrated. The paper shows how the device, dispensing solder powder, can be controlled using the SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) protocol of the Arduino Uno along with the establishment of communication between the printer and the device using the ICSP (In-Chip Serial Programming) port. This addition to the low cost desktop 3D printers can offer a new paradigm in the area of 3D printing with the possibility of producing prototypes from different materials.
An Investigation into Additive Manufacturing Material Tensile Properties for Different Build Orientations of Parts
Authors: Benham Robert  , Rehman Fayyaz
Published: February 2025

Whilst Additive Manufacturing (AM) has evolved to offer a wider choice of materials, there is little in literature regarding the detailed mechanical properties of these materials. This research focuses on one of the stronger materials, a clear UV curable photopolymer resin used in a Steoreolithography (SLA) machine. A main issue for desktop small printers is the build angle, which is often crucial to the outcome of the artefact being of acceptable structural quality. Incorrect orientation of the artefact can often end in reduced strength of the part. However, there is uncertainty on the how the build orientation influences tensile strength properties. Standard tensile specimens will be produced at three different build orientations (horizontal, 45° to the horizontal and vertical) and the tensile strengths will be determined. In addition to the tensile test specimens, beam sections will also be tested to review the flexural strengths and compare these to the tensile testing results. The paper will review the distribution, levels of variance and consistency of results and their comparison with the stated tensile strength properties by the material supplier and validity through finite element analysis technique.
A Review of Digital Wayfinding Technologies in the Transportation Industry
Authors: Peña Miñano S.  , Kirkwood L.  , Court S.  , Farnsworth M.  , Orlovs I.  , Shehab E.  , Tinworth N.
Published: February 2025

Passengers have historically struggled to navigate through unfamiliar stations. Transport operators also have challenges to communicate to customers during occasions when disruption has occurred. Exchange of information between transportation-operators and passengers has typically relied on static information available at fixed locations. Modern technology allows much more focused and specific information to be generated and presented to an information-consumer. This paper presents a review of existing and future-concept wayfinding systems with varying technical requirements. This paper highlights the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, where they currently sit with regards to concept maturity and uptake within the rail industry.
Optimisation Strategy for Efficient Platform Train Interface Activity
Authors: Farnsworth M.  , Kirkwood L.  , Court S.  , Shehab E.  , Tinworth N.
Published: February 2025

The safe embarking and disembarking of passengers within rail is a critical component of both train operator efficiency and customer satisfaction. The orderly transfer of passengers from the platform train interface (PTI) is impacted by a host of factors, ranging from platform and train capacity, passenger demographics, environmental conditions and train operations. We review current approaches to reducing dwell time and other challenges within the platform-train interface. Finally, we investigate and develop a novel strategy for the optimal seat allocation of passengers such that we can reduce the dwell time spent at the platform train interface along with a number of other factors. This is based upon a multi-agent based modelling and simulation approach.
Research on Preparation and Properties of AlTiN Coated Oblique Blade Guillotine
Authors: Kuang Zhihui  , Yan Qiusheng  , Lu Jiabin  , Ouyang Bing  , Zeng Jun  , Tang Biao
Published: February 2025

In order to improve the shear performance and service life of the oblique blade guillotine, the AlTiN coating was deposited on the edge of the tool by arc ion plating. The microstructures, nanomechanical properties and the shear properties of the coatings and were studied. The microstructure of AlTiN coating was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that the average thickness of coating was 3.9 μm, which was composed of CrN and AlTiN, and the surface of AlTiN coating was dense, and the composition of the coating phase are mainly hexagonal h-AlN, cubic c-AlN, TiN. The mechanical properties of AlTiN coating were studied by nanoindentation and scratching. The results showed that the nano-hardness of the coating was 33.207 GPa, which is 1.49 times that of the substrate. And the adhesion force reached 57.44 N. The shear test of electrical steel plate was carried out by using NC oblique blade guillotine machine. It was found that the shearing performance was improved obviously. The quality of shearing section of the electrical silicon steel sheet is improved. the cross section is relatively flat. The distribution of the characteristic band is uniform and the shear zone height increases significantly.
Exploring the Open Innovation Practices of Three Multi-National Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Rion-Davies Dana  , Evans Richard David
Published: February 2025

For manufacturers to remain competitive, there is a recognised need to be highly innovative in the creation of new products and enhancements to existing ranges. Since its conception in 2003, Open Innovation (OI) has developed into a prominent research theme within innovation-related literature and is seen to impact positively on company performance. Many large manufacturers are now adapting their innovation processes to adopt OI and seek valuable expertise from external sources, including customers, suppliers and even competitors. This study explores the OI practices of three multinational manufacturers operating in three distinct sectors: aerospace, electronics and beverages. Findings suggest that by adopting the OI model, companies can remain competitive through co-creation and greater engagement with stakeholders. However, companies must explore and identify best practices for inbound and outbound co-creation.
Manufacturing Optimization Based on Agile Manufacturing and Big Data
Authors: Khan Md Ashikul Alam  , Mebrahtu Habtom  , Shirvani Hassan  , Butt Javaid
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates Agile Manufacturing (AM) supported by Big Data for manufacturing optimization. The paper aims to identify the limitations of current manufacturing approaches such as just in time (JIT) and lean manufacturing and to map a process based on these limitations.The process works through a process re-engineering (PR) by eliminating and redesigning the steps that affect productions. The process will identify the key enablers that will assist in the design of an effective AM framework for process optimization.The paper also discusses the integration of Big Data (BD) as a major source of information to the manufacturing input. It will try to identify the extent the BD can be useful in manufacturing optimization. In the process, it will look at a specific kind of data like machine sensor data, Enterprise data, social network and website data and design a framework to bring all the information together for us in the manufacturing process.The paper will analyse and design an integration process framework of AM and BD as a new approach to manufacturing for optimal production.
An Evaluation of Demand Focused Chain Contribution to Industrial Sustainability
Authors: Naghi Ganji Elmira  , Shah Satya  , Coutroubis Alec
Published: February 2025

Due to variable customer expectations, it is now required to shift from the traditional supply chain models to novel demand patterns where the stakeholders observe the end consumers over a focused viewpoint. Given the lack of life-cycle analysis (LCA) within many innovative products, the research tends to present the use of appropriate strategies for designing new eco-friendly products utilising engineering knowledge and R&D innovation. Fulfilling the initial objectives, a critical systematic review is conducted to find out the literature gaps in a methodical manner. The research proposes to develop a novel framework for an effective linkage between supply-demand chain and the new product development (NPD) processes considering environmental practices. Moreover, a comprehensive LCA would be carried out in future stages to enable industrial designers to critique the product performance and the potential environmental impacts. The results of this study can be utilised by researchers and practitioners researching within similar context.
A Proposed Implementation Process for a Sustainable Manufacturing Framework
Authors: Fargani Haitem  , Cheung Wai Ming  , Hasan Reaz
Published: February 2025

Trends in modern business management are increasingly pointing toward environmental practices that aim to reduce the impact on the environment and to achieve sustainability. Research in this area has sought to improve the tools and techniques traditionally used to improve operational performance to additionally consider the environmental impact of manufacturing. Green Lean, Environmental Management Systems and Life Cycle Assessment are examples of what manufacturing businesses are using to address the issue. However, a research project conducted by the authors has found that it requires more than just tools and techniques to transform traditional manufacturing into sustainable manufacturing, and a strategic approach is required to align the efforts of environmental and production management. To this end, a framework to integrate life cycle assessment and Lean Six Sigma is proposed. This framework has been developed based on data from questionnaires and interviews in UK manufacturing industry. The aim of this paper is to provide a description of how this framework can be implemented.
Customer Driven Mass-Customisation and Innovative Product Development with Parametric Design & Generative Modeling
Authors: Le Chi Hieu  , Kasmaji Wisnu Wijaya  , Packianather Michael S.  , Mengistu Samueal  , Tran Duc Tang  , Chu Anh My
Published: February 2025

Mass customization is aimed at production of both goods and services to meet the particular needs of customers with levels of efficiency near that of mass production, and minimised product cost compared to customisation. The today's trend of highly customised products and services creates technical challenges. In this study, the key challenges in innovative design and development of mass customized products are presented and discussed. The successfully developed case studies and solutions for mass-customisation are highlighted, with the use of the state-of-the art parametric design and generative modelling to provide (1) a rapid development of product varieties, (2) a better customer satisfaction via an efficient communication between customers and companies for a better understanding of customer need, with direct or indirect involvements of customers in design and product development, and (3) a reduced time to market of a product via the shorter time of product design and 3D modelling.
A Numerical and Experimental Study of Carbon Fibre Riveted Splice Joints
Authors: Shinde Avinash  , Birkett Martin
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the maximum stress in the riveted splice joint of an aircraft wing due to tensile loading. Riveted joints are used in aircraft assembly because of their reliability as well as high strength. Research is based on previous work done on riveted splice joints in aeroplane fuselage which is attached to the skin of the airship. The analysis considers the strength of splice joints used in aerofoils consisting of two stringers and one splice which are connected to each other by means of aluminium rivets to form a single cover butt joint. This aluminium riveted carbon fibre structure is analysed using experimental tests and these results are validated using numerical simulations. The stress analysis of the splice joint is carried out to compute the stress under tensile load as well as to determine the mode of a failure. Refining of the numerical model was also undertaken to produce accurate results closer to that of the experimental findings.
The Characterization of Soda-Lime Based Silica Glass Powder for Use as a Mass Finishing Abrasive Media
Authors: Morgan Michael  , Jamal Mikdam  , Peavoy Daniel
Published: February 2025

The understanding of powder properties and rheology is important to many sectors including food processing, pharmaceutical, mass finishing and most recently metal additive manufacturing. This paper reports on new insight and knowledge acquired of soda-lime based silica glass powder. Acomprehensive series of tests were completed to fully characterize the powder in respect of flowability, particle size and distribution (granulometry), morphology, apparent and tap density, and chemical composition. It is shown that a weighted consideration must be given to each of these properties dependent on the planned application, and powder transfer system. Two different methodologies were employed to evaluate flowability; a traditional technique used to assess the bulk behaviour based on density, and advance techniques using a rheometer instrument to measure bulk, dynamic and shear properties. Powder constituents were identified by x-ray fluorescence (XRF), except for Sulphur trioxide which was assessed by an inert gas diffusion technique.