bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A legjelentősebb fejlesztési programok területi vetületeinek és eredményeinek vizsgálata Vajdaságban
Authors: Juhász Bálint , Pleschinger Gyula
Published: January 2022

Vajdaság jelenleg az ország egyik húzó régiója gazdasági tekintetben, ez a jó földrajzi helyzetből, az évszázados hagyományokból, a jó minőségű termőföldre épülő feldolgozóiparból és a többi régió elmaradottságából következik. Vajdaság, mint régió területi és gazdasági fejlődése hasonló mértékben alapul az exogén és az endogén fejlődési formákra. Az exogén (külső forrásból gerjesztett) fejlődés két legjelentősebb eszköze az Európai Unió előcsatlakozási támogatási eszköze (Instrument for the Pre-Accession Assistance, a továbbiakban IPA), valamint a Magyarország Kormányának támogatásával megvalósuló, a Vajdasági Magyar Szövetség által kidolgozott és kiharcolt Vajdasági Gazdaságfejlesztési Program (továbbiakban: VGP). A kutatás kitér a fejlesztési források területi eloszlására, az egyes önkormányzati területek forrásfelszívó képességére, az egy főre jutó támogatás mértékére, s vizsgálja a két program összefüggéseiből és sajátosságaiból eredő összefüggéseket is.
A Paksi Gazdasági és Fejlesztési Öv vizsgálata
Authors: Káposzta József , Lőrinc Balázs
Published: January 2022

Az egyes területegységek, régiók vagy különböző típusú települések komplex vizsgálata igen hosszú múltra tekint vissza globálisan is és hazánkban is. A különböző társadalmi, gazdasági és infrastrukturális tényezők folyamatos változása, illetve az ezek által generált folyamatok következtében egy igen összetett kérdéskört vonunk vizsgálat alá, melynek fókuszában a Paksi Társadalmi Tanács települései szerepelnek. A Paksi Társadalmi Tanács megnevezést a Miniszterelnökség által 2015-ben lehatárolásra került, a Duna két oldalán fekvő fejlesztési zóna viseli. E terület egy 42 települést integráló, a téregység komplex fejlesztését elősegíteni igyekvő szervezet. Dolgozatunkban e 2015-ös földrajzi lehatárolás mentén igyekszünk egy teljeskörű kép kialakítására Paks és közvetlen vonzáskörzetével a fókuszban. Az elemzés véleményünk szerint a jövőbeli, térségi fejlesztések szempontjából előnyös lehet a gazdasági öv településeinek, illetve a térség egészének szempontjából is.
Megújuló energiák az EU közlekedésében
Authors: Kiss Lívia Benita , Poór Judit , Pintér Ákos , Hollósy Zsolt
Published: January 2022

A közlekedés az Európai Unió gazdaságának fontos ágazata, létfontosságú szerepet játszik a mai mobil társadalomban. A megújuló energiaforrásokból előállított energiának a közlekedésen belüli részarányára 10%-os célérték elérését tűzte ki 2020-ra. A közlekedésben felhasznált, megújuló energiaforrásokból előállított energia részaránya, míg 2004-ben csupán 1,5%-ot tett ki, az elmúlt három évben már látványosan közelítette a célértéket (2017-ben 7,5%, 2018-ban 8,3%, 2019-ben pedig 8,9%-ra nőtt). Az egyes tagországok ugyanakkor eltérő pozícióval bírnak. Svédországban kiugró az arány (30,3%), Finnországban is kimagasló (21,3%), Hollandia pedig 2019-re meghaladta az Uniós célértéket megelőzve Ausztriát, mely 2018-ban még a harmadik helyen állt a rangsorban. Annak ellenére, hogy napjainkra elég sok tagország közelíti a 8-9%-os részarányt, több tagországban továbbra is viszonylag alacsony az érték: Cipruson az elmúlt évben 2,7%-ről 3,3%-ra nőtt), Görögországban és Litvániában viszont az elmúlt 3 évben 4,0-4,3% körül stagnált a részesedés. A 2020-ra kötelező célkitűzés miatt a folyékony bioüzemanyagok előállítása az EU-ban jelentősen megnőtt. A biodízel a legszélesebb körben előállított folyékony bioüzemanyag. A fosszilis tüzelőanyagokkal kevert folyékony bioüzemanyagok a legelterjedtebb megújuló energiaforrások a közlekedésben. Az EU-ban 2017-ben a legnagyobb etanol és biodízel-gyártó Németország, Franciaország és Lengyelország volt. A közlekedés a második legjelentősebb ágazat, amely hozzájárul a szén[1]dioxid-kibocsátás termeléséhez világszerte és a teljes energiafogyasztás több mint egyharmadáért felel. A csökkentési erőfeszítések ellenére az európai közúti közlekedés CO2- kibocsátása tovább nőtt. A közlekedés az energiafogyasztás egyik olyan ágazata, ahol a megújuló energiák jelenléte alacsonyabb és annak növekedését nehezen lehet elérni, különösen azokban az országokban, amelyek minden üzemanyagot úgy importálnak.
Analysis of average market and purchase prices for certain fruit species
Authors: Lipcsei József
Published: January 2022

In addition to the optimal use of resources, the profitability of agriculture is affected by weather anomalies and risk-taking with the market. The latter are the most critical factors of effectiveness over which the average producer has no influence. As the majority of Hungarian producers are small and medium-sized holdings, it is essential to examine their market exposure. At the beginning of the agricultural season, the professional journals often publish record yields and top quality, lacking a professional view that reduces the benefits of producers and thus the market price. The aim of the study is to present the economic exposure of farmers by illustrating the pricing practices of the fruit growing sector, including apples, pears, cherries, sour cherries, peaches, apricots, nectarines, plums, currants, raspberries and strawberries. How the average purchase price develops in addition to fixed assets, expenses and ecological[1]economic risk-taking, and how the average market price develops as a result of the margin. How the trade margin evolves and if there is a correlation between the quantity produced and the final price. The benefit of agriculture is often not the benefit of the farmer, because the profit is realized at the trader. The pricing practices of the reviewed period are multiple for some fruit species and exceptionally high for other fruit species. In the examined period of the fruit sector we cannot establish market flexibility and balance in several cases. In conclusion, the producer price comes as the result of the farmer’s work which is not affected by the yield and the market’s demand in several cases. The main reason is not generated in the agricultural production, however, the purpose of this publication is not to investigate this subject.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE ACCOUNTING DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODEL BASED ON ICT
Authors: Listiadi Dr. Agung
Published: January 2022

Learning is an activity that is inseparable from human life. By learning humans are able to develop the potentials that they carry from birth so that later they are able to adapt themselves to meet their needs. With learning expected changes in behavior in accordance with the expected goals. But sometimes behavioral changes that are expected do not occur even if they are not in accordance with the expected goals, so that learning difficulties are born. To help solve the problem of learning difficulties including doing diagnostic tests. Diagnostic tests are used to determine students' difficulties in mastering certain competencies. As technology develops, interactive ICT-based diagnostic tests are absolutely necessary to be a solution in diagnosing learning difficulties. This research produces a product in the form of ICT-based interactive diagnostic tests. This ICT-based diagnostic test in addition to being interactive is also able to generate passing grades, set scores automatically, randomize questions automatically, and arrange variations of questions automatically. As for developing this diagnostic test model using Thiagarajan development research design that is the 4D development model consisting of the defining (Define), Designing, Developing, and Disseminate stages. Diagnostic evaluation is one of the evaluation functions that requires procedures and competencies higher than the educator role as an evaluator. Diagnostic evaluation is an evaluation that has a special emphasis on healing student learning difficulties that are not solved by the improvement formula that is usually offered in the form of evaluation formative. Diagnostic evaluation can also be interpreted as an evaluation that is used to determine student weaknesses so that based on these weaknesses can be given appropriate treatment.
L’ingérence inattendue du Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique dans le recouvrement et la gestion des ressources propres des Universités publiques de Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Fêtê Ernest Dr KOFFI
Published: January 2022

Ivorian public universities are classified in the category of National Public Establishments (EPN). As such, they must generate their own resources and seek additional resources to supplement the subsidies that the State grants them. In recent years, it has been observed not only the confiscation by the State of 70% of tuition fees (commitment not respected), but the unexpected interference of their technical supervision in the recovery and management of their own resources.This situation refers to the thorny and complex issue of the autonomy of Ivorian public universities in general and particularly their financial management. In the current context, it is necessary to discuss it between the State and the academic world to take into account the concerns of each stakeholder, in the interest of Ivorian higher education
Strategic Marketing Management Influence on Making E-Commerce Promotions
Authors: Stavros Kalogiannidis , A. Kagioglou Foteini , Papaevangelou Olympia
Published: January 2022

The paper has highlighted the impact of strategic marketing management on e-commerce promotions. It has been evident that from the very beginning the world is flooded with a variety of businesses and the objectives are to appeal to the customers with different marketing strategies to entice their attention. A business will generate substantial revenues if the marketing management strategies are influencing its overall productivity. In this regard, this paper accumulates the implications of strategic management and marketing approaches on e-commerce promotion from a number of business ventures in general. An organization can thrive in the competitive market only when the strategic approach developed by the company can be presented in such a way that the audience gets attracted to it and reach for it. In such aspects, drawing their attention through e-commerce promotion is an effective tool to boost sales margins. But most of the time organization faces issues due to unstable or improper development of strategic marketing practices. For the development of a business not only its product or services matter but also the environment, customer, and technology matter play a crucial role. When the issues regarding these attributes are mitigated then only positive impacts arise for the e-commerce promotion of any business.
The Effect of Trade Balance on Economic Growth of Somalia (1980 - 2020)
Authors: Ahmed Abdulle Abdulkhaliq
Published: January 2022

The Prime aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the trade balance and Economic growth of Somalia during the period between 1980 and 2020. The study employed secondary time series data obtained from the World Bank, World Development Indicators (WDI), and African Development Bank. An augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF) was adopted in the study to test the Stationarity of data variables in the study. the Econometric model that was employed in the study was Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) which aims to find out the short-run and long-run relationships between the dependent variable (RGDP) and independent variable (trade balance). The study revealed that the trade balance (TB) has a significant negative relationship with the real gross domestic product (RGDP) of Somalia in both the Short-run and long run. Furthermore, the Unemployment rate have a significant negative relationship with the gross domestic product (GDP) of Somalia in both the short-run and long run. However, the foreign direct investment (FDI) and gross domestic product (GDP) had a significant negative relationship in the long run while there have an insignificant relationship between them in the short-run. The study recommends that the government of Somalia should improve the countries trade balance by increasing the production, productivity, and export of the country.
Assessment of Dapitan City’s Tourism Resources: Basis for the Development of Tourism Plan
Authors: Pallega Lovelle
Published: January 2022

Recognizing the role of tourism in achieving the sustainable development goals, the local government unit of Dapitan City aims to unlock its potential and opportunities through its tourism development plan. As an initial step, this study was conducted to assess the tourism resources of Dapitan City. A mix of quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed in gathering the data which includes a series of focus group discussions (with the different stakeholders) site evaluation survey, informal interviews, site visits and data mining of secondary data. The findings revealed that Dapitan City is endowed with rich natural and cultural heritage which are its greatest assets in promoting tourism. Most of the tourism sites are accessible and have good quality of surroundings but have poor basic utilities and onsite facilities available. Market demand is high from domestic visitors but low in terms of foreign markets. The number of tourism enterprises is limited in relation to demand. Despite being tagged by the negative image of the name “Zamboanga”, Dapitan City remains to be one of the safest places to visit. Therefore, tourism industry if properly planned and managed has the ability to stimulate local economic growth, social welfare, and preserve the natural and cultural resources of the city. The study recommends that future developments in tourism shall be focused on the niche of ecotourism, heritage tourism and agritourism.
The diagnosis methods for the obstacles and difficulties in computer sciences of nursing students
Authors: El Hassouny El Hassan , Janati-Idrissi Rachid , Mostakim Mohammed , Laafou Mohamed , Madrane Mourad , Kaddari Fatiha
Published: January 2022

Computer science as a school subject has been a regular media subject for more than 20 years. Indeed, all the educational systems of the world are now convinced that today's learners, brought to live in a hyper-scientific society. This research aims to discover the sources of computer difficulties encountered by some nursing students. We used two well-known methods of analysis: the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) and the Pencil/Paper Questionnaire. Data obtained revealed that the prerequisites are overestimated because the notions learned in high school are forgotten and that the basic notions of computer science seem to present difficulties for these learners. The results of the questionnaire and the NGT are similar and complementary. It becomes clear that using NGT and the questionnaire are efficient tools to diagnose the difficulties and obstacles of nursing students. The NGT can be used not only in identifying students’ problems with scientific notions in computer science, but also in other subjects.
Keywords: Questionnaire, difficulties, obstacles, computer science, nursing students.
Development of digital competence in teacher training: A systematic review
Authors: Garcias Adolfina Pérez , Darder Mesquida Antonia
Published: January 2022

This article presents the results of a systematic review of different studies published in high-impact journals on the development of teaching digital competence (TDC) in initial teacher training. The methodology of the study is based on the documentary research approach, with the application of a systematic literature review covering the period between 2009 and 2019 in different databases. The sample is made up of 102 articles that are registered in a multidimensional analysis and classification matrix. One of the main findings is that in the last ten years there has been a significant increase in the literature related to teaching digital competence, with the prevailing use of the quantitative methodological approach. Likewise, more than half of the articles are the result of the application of instruments to assess TDC.  It can be concluded that TDC is a line of research with multiple dimensions of analysis and in constant evolution.
Keywords:  communication technology; digital competence; educational technology; initial teacher training;  information
Teaching oral English through technology: Perceptions of teachers in Nigerian secondary schools
Authors: Adelana Owolabi Paul
Published: January 2022

English Language learners in Nigeria mostly find Oral English difficult to understand but technology is now supportive. However, being a dynamic language, the English Language is constantly evolving and so are the technologies used in its teaching. This study, therefore, intends to re-examine teachers’ current perceptions towards technology usage in teaching Oral English. The study was descriptive. The sample comprised 215 teachers to whom an instrument titled “Teachers’ Current Perceptions of Teaching Oral English through Technology Questionnaire (TCPTOETQ)”, was administered. Six research questions were formulated and answered using Mean, Standard Deviation, One-Way ANOVA, and t-test. The result showed that the teachers currently have positive perceptions towards the use of technologies in teaching Oral English. It was therefore recommended that stakeholders in education provide continuous training for English Language teachers for continuous adaptation to the changing landscapes of technology usage in teaching Oral English.
 
Keywords: English Teachers; Oral English; Perceptions Technology; Secondary Schools; Nigeria.
Aproximación al léxico cubano de la esclavitud desde el Diccionario Provincial de Esteban Pichardo (1836, 1849, 1862 y 1875): la percepción de la cubanidad en la lexicografía general
Authors:   Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italia, Salvatore Corveddu Mario
Published: January 2022

In the colonial Cuba of the second half of the 18th century the adoption of an economic model founded on slave-based plantation will lead to a slavery with its own characteristics, which would differ from the continental slave system. Considering the language, a starting assumption is that the inherent tensions of the extralinguistic context has given rise to an own Cuban lexicon of slavery. In order to prove this hypothesis we aim a lexicographical study of Esteban Pichardo’s Diccionario Provincial de Voces Cubanas, the first dictionary dedicated to a regional variant of American Spanish. Starting from the identification of the lexical pieces related to slavery we will focus on the lexicographic treatment of voices in general dictionaries both academic and extra-academic. The analysis of the lexicographic visibility in the different sources and the study of the reception of the diatopic mark will allow us to achieve the approach to the better understanding of the Cuban lexicon of slavery, in addition to contribute to the history of Spanish lexicography.
The impact of the transfer of the Southern bus station of Yekaterinburg on the change of the existing passenger traffic
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Saifutdinov D. Zh.
Published: January 2022

The results of the analysis of the impact of the transfer of the Southern Bus Station (Yekaterinburg) on the change in the existing passenger traffic are presented. The main criterion of the impact of the transfer of the bus station is described: transport accessibility. One of the important indicators of the effectiveness of the route network being created is transport accessibility, considered as a temporary standard for moving from one point to another. This indicator reflects the degree of satisfaction of the population with transport services. The main features of the assessment of transport accessibility are presented. Transport accessibility during the movement of passengers on intercity trips and movement on public transport of the city in the urban transport system is analyzed. The analysis of intercity trips revealed the main roads of traffic to the city. The distances and travel times for each of the options for moving to the bus station before and after the transfer are calculated. The main results of the analysis of intercity trips are described. In the analysis of the part of urban passenger transport, the distance and travel time to the bus station before and after the transfer from various points of the city are calculated. The analysis of public transport for each district and the city as a whole was carried out. The main results of calculations for each district are given and the average indicator for the city is described. The main results of the analysis of intercity treips and urban public transport are described.
Increasing the switching stability of collector traction electric motors of electric locomotives by reducing pulsation of current excitation
Authors:   Irkutsk State University of Railway Transport (IrSURT), Volchek T. V.
Published: January 2022

Statistics of equipment failures of electric locomotives assigned to the operational depots of the East Siberian Traction Directorate shows that about 25% of the total number of equipment failures of electric locomotives are traction electric motors (TEM); most often the collector-brush apparatus fails. The main reason is the problem of TEM low switching stability, associated with the increase in unbalanced electromotive forces (EMF) due to non-sinusoidal values of EMF variables and large phase shifts between their main harmonics. To clarify the processes related to EMF variable components, a vector diagram of their main harmonics is constructed, which determines the qualitative nature of the phenomena. It is revealed that the presence of eddy currents in the massive elements of the TEM magnetic core and the resulting armature reaction lead to significant displacement of the vector of the switching EMF, which forms the unbalanced EMF, causing violation of the TEM switching stability. In this regard, an improved system for attenuating the excitation of traction motors based on IGBT transistors is proposed, which reduces pulsation of the excitation current by at least 80% increasing the TEM life resource.
Transformation of the transport and logistics business in the conditions of the COVID reality
Authors:   Ural Logistics Association, Tushin Nikolay A. , Zhuravskaya Marina A. ,   Ural Logistics Association
Published: January 2022

The article is based on the materials of Translogistica Ural 2021 exhibition and forum, held at Yekaterinburg-EXPO IEC from November 23 to 25, 2021. The issues of the influence of the COVID realities on various spheres of logistics business in the Ural region are given consideration. The trends and risks of economic reality that have caused major changes in trade, warehousing and transport are outlined. Business-solutions for logisticians in the current unstable conditions of their business are proposed. The examples of successful implementation of these solutions in the business of transport and logistics companies of the Ural federal district are provided.
Istirātijiyyāt al-Mu’allim li Taqlīl Qalaq al-Ṭhullāb fī Ta’līm al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyah Mahārah al-Kalām al-Faṣl al-‘Āsyīr fī al-Madrasah al-‘Āliyah Ibtida’ al-Falāh li al-Sanah al-Dirāsiyah 2020-2021
Authors: Damayanti Silfia , Huda Miftahul
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to find out how the teacher's strategy in reducing student anxiety in following the tenth grade Arabic subject at Madrasah Aliyah Ibtidaul Falah Samirejo Dawe Kudus. The author uses descriptive qualitative research with three steps, namely observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects were Arabic language teachers, Counseling Guidance teachers and students at Madrasah Aliyah Ibtidaul Falah Samirejo Dawe Kudus. The results of this study indicate that anxiety is caused because Arabic is a difficult subject to understand so many students complain because they find it difficult to understand the meanings of Arabic vocabulary. In addition, the demand for good grades by parents and teachers is also a cause of anxiety in learning Arabic Maharah Kalam. And the factors behind the anxiety are individual factors, intellectual factors, and student environmental factors. To avoid students' anxiety, the teacher manages students' anxiety about learning maharah kalam in Arabic by providing rational explanations to students why they should learn Arabic. Creating a relaxed and fun learning atmosphere, using supportive psychotherapy, developing a "sense of humor", using a humanistic approach, optimizing counseling and guidance services, developing a fun assessment system that doesn't burden students too much, regulating breathing and mind relaxation to help the student's body relax.

 

 [A1]cetak miring, Italic.
The use of Risk Board Game Rulers of Archipelago as Learning Media on creative thinking ability of Elementary School Students
Authors: Fitriyani Yani , Eliyanti Marlina , Hermawati Eli , Fauzi Teguh Ramdan
Published: January 2022

The low ability of students' creative thinking in social studies learning is shown by students who are less able to answer descriptive questions and also have not been able to provide ideas when answering a question. This study aims to describe the differences and improvement of students' creative thinking skills using the board game Risk Rulers of the Archipelago learning media using image media. This research includes quantitative research with a Quasi-Experimental approach, the research design is a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The subjects of this study were fifth-grade students of SD Negeri Pasayangan, Lebakwangi District, Kuningan Regency. Data collection was carried out using test instruments in the form of pretest and posttest description questions to measure students' creative thinking skills before and after the action. The data analysis of this research used instrument tests and statistical tests. The results showed that: (1) there were differences in students' creative thinking skills in the experimental class using the board game Risk Rulers of the Archipelago learning media and the control class using image learning media. (2) there is an increase (gain) of student's creative thinking skills in the experimental class using the board game Risk Rulers of the Archipelago learning media and the control class using image learning media. The conclusion of this research is the use of board game learning media Risk Rulers of the Archipelago is very influential on students' creative thinking skills compared to those using image learning media.
STEM Education Research in Indonesian Elementary Schools: A Systematic Review of Project-Based Learning
Authors: Imaduddin Muhamad , Sholikhati Sholikhati , In'ami Moh.
Published: January 2022

Abstract

STEM Education, in various countries including Indonesia, is growing with a variety of classroom learning projects in elementary schools. This study aims to describe the development of basic education STEM research in Indonesia and the various types of learning projects developed based on the curriculum using systematic review. The technique of systematic review is qualitative (meta-synthesis). The primary sources in this study are various works of literature on STEM basic education contained in scientific journals indexed on the SINTA indexing page ranked 1-6 with the years of publication in 2017-2020. The data is analyzed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method. The implementation has several steps consisting of (1) identifying research questions, (2) developing research protocols, (3) determining the location of the search area database, (4) selecting relevant research results, (5) selection criteria, (6) data extraction, (7) synthesizing results using meta-synthesis, and (8) presenting results. The most distribution of articles on STEM education themes was found in journals with the scope of educational studies that were ranked at Sinta 3. A review of 17 articles showed that there were variations in projects that could be analyzed further from the 7 articles. Learning projects cover recreational, environmental, and energy topics. Research on STEM learning projects tends to be carried out in upper grades in elementary schools.
Imagination And Creative Thinking Skills Of Elementary School Students In Learning Mathematics: A Reflection Of Realistic Mathematics Education
Authors: Kusmaryono Imam , Maharani Hevy Risqi
Published: January 2022

Abstract

This research is a qualitative research based on classroom reports. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of the RME approach on the imagination and creative thinking abilities of elementary school students in solving math problems. The method of data collection was done through written tests, observations, and interviews. The participants in this study consisted of a class teacher, 36 grade 6 elementary school students, and an observer. The results showed that the application of the realistic mathematics education (RME) learning approach had a positive effect, namely encouraging the development of students' imaginative power and creative thinking skills in solving problems. The principles of RME are in line with the objectives of learning mathematics, namely to equip them with the ability to think logically, realistically, analytically, systematically, critically, and creatively.
Development Of Teacher Competence In Creative Writing To Actualize Literacy Of Madrasah
Authors: Sholeh Makherus , Aziz Abd , Kholis Nur
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Teachers often have difficulty in developing competence in the writing aspect, especially in Islamic-based educational institutions. This study aims to explain the concept of developing teacher competence in creative writing to realize madrasa literacy. This study involved six informants, including school principals and teachers who are members of the writing community. Data was collected through direct interviews (telephone, WhatsApp messages, and video calls), observation, and documentation. The results showed several steps to developing teacher competence in writing at MI Perwanida Blitar: 1) Forming a writing community called ARUNIKA CAKRAWALA. It was started by building mutual commitment, self-efficacy, motivation, and writing habits, and determining rewards and punishments. 2) Implementation of the writing community by actively participating in seminars, workshops, writing training, and webinars, actively writing in external and internal communities of the institution, holding peer tutors, supporting school literacy programs, and publishing teacher and student writings in various genres. 3) Obstacles faced by writing teachers are limited time, limited ideas, and unstable teachers' motivation in writing. This finding offers the concept of developing teacher competence in writing. The findings are expected to be adopted in developing teacher competence in creative writing in other institutions.
Konsep Syura dan Demokrasi dalam Wacana Kontekstual: Studi Terhadap Pemikiran Kontekstual Abdullah Saeed
Authors: Akbar Taufik
Published: January 2022

The discourse on democracy and all its variants, including the term shura, is an issue that is never obsolete in the study of the Qur'an. In the last few decades, Muslim scholars have begun to see the issue of shura as a discourse that must be read more widely along with the changing times. Therefore, Muslim scholars created a modern generation to respond to the concept of shura in a new social, political, economic and cultural context, especially with the contextuality method of the Qur'an. One of the figures applying the concept of shura is Abdullah Saeed, a contemporary thinker who introduced the study of the Qur'an through a contextual approach. Abdullah Saeed tries to revisit the term shura through two groups of interpretations, namely pre-modern interpretations such as al-Thabari, Zamakhsari, al-Razi and al-Qurtubi, and the interpretation that follows by quoting the work of Sayyid Abul A'la al - Maududi and Sayyid Qutb. This paper intends to further explore Abdullah Saeed's opinion on the term shura after conducting an in-depth study of the two groups of interpreters. This paper also attempts to provide a 'critical' note on the thoughts put forward by Abdullah Saeed by comparing them with other contemporary thinkers.

 

Diskursus tentang demokrasi dan segala macam variannya, salah satunya adalah term syura, merupakan isu yang tidak pernah usang dalam studi al-Qur’an. Beberapa dekade terakhir, para cendekiawan Muslim mulai memandang isu syura sebagai wacana yang harus dibaca lebih luas seiring perubahan zaman. Oleh karena itu, para kelompok cendekiawan Muslim generasi modern cenderung untuk menafsirkan ulang konsep syura dalam konteks sosial, politik, ekonomi, dan budaya, khususnya dengan menyoroti metode kontekstual penafsiran al-Qur'an. Salah satu aktor yang berperan dalam usaha untuk menafsirkan ulang konsep syura ini adalah Abdullah Saeed, salah seorang pemikir kontemporer yang mengenalkan kajian al-Qur’an melalui pendekatan kontekstual. Melalui pendekatan kontekstualnya, Abdullah Saeed mencoba membaca ulang term syura ini melalui dua kelompok penafsiran, yaitu interpretasi pra-modern seperti al-Thabari, Zamakhsari, al-Razi dan al-Qurtubi, dan interpretasi yang ada setelahnya dengan mengutip karya Sayyid Abul A’la al-Maududi dan Sayyid Qutb. Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk mengekplorasi lebih jauh tentang pandangan Abdullah Saeed terhadap term syura setelah melakukan kajian secara mendalam terhadap dua kelompok penafsir tersebut. Tulisan ini juga berupaya memberikan catatan ‘kritis’ terhadap pemikiran yang dikemukakan oleh Abdullah Saeed dengan mengkomparasikan dengan pemikir-pemikir kontemporer lainnya.

 
The Anomaly of Good-Looking : The Relationship between Spirituality and Extremism on Hadith and Social Religious Perspective
Authors: Alwi Zulfahmi , Akbar Akbar , Hady Amin , Amir Abdul Muiz , Dakir Jawiah , Majid Latifah Abdul
Published: January 2022

The stereotype of Islam as an extremist religion is often associated with adherence in a good-looking character to the practices of ritual piety. This study aims to discuss the Hadith that allegedly refers to the presence of good-looking phenomenon from the prophetic period. The study uses a descriptive qualitative research design which relates to the basis of critical analysis through an interdisciplinary approach combining isnād-cum-matn and socio-religious phenomenology. The results indicate that the Hadith good-looking is ṣaḥīḥ (authentic) based on the review of its sanad transmission and examination on its matn. The good-looking trait is attributable to the emptiness of morality in the practice of Islamic spirituality. This vacuity is induced by religious insights focused solely on theological and normative viewpoints. The solution is to spread moral teaching and moderate religious values proactively through different methods and techniques, such as virtual proselytizing in social media.
Regimented Islamophobia : Islam, State, and Governmentality in Indonesia
Authors: Zuhri Syaifudin
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the arts of governing Islam in Indonesia, a majority Muslim country, which is neither secular nor Islamic. It tries to explain how the premise of governmentality is modelled into the state structure and politics. Rather than seeing Islamophobia as a cultural practice, the article argues that Islamophobia develops partly because of power relations between the ruler and the ruled, or as I call it “regimented Islamophobia”. It is the fear of “Islamic threats” – whether real or imagined – that is deemed as a potent challenge to regimes’ power and authority. While the notion of majority-minority relation remains essential to analyse the forms of Islamophobia, this article offers a new insight of how political regimes exercise “governmentality practices” or the arts of governing Islam and controlling Muslim aspirations. This practice of governmentality is a key strategy to pacify Islam during the colonial and post-colonial Indonesia. As far as Indonesian political history is concerned, this governmentality practice is old wine in a new bottle; it is the technique Dutch colonial government and the regimes following the Indonesian independence have exercised for subjugating Islam and controlling aspirations of its believers.
Application of Geoinformation Technologies for Assessment of the Epizootiological and Epidemiological Situation on Anthrax in the Volgograd Region
Authors: Ryazanova A. G. , Gerasimenko D. K. , Buravtseva N. P. , Mezentsev V. M. , Logvin F. V. , Golovinskaya T. M. , Semenova O. V. , Aksenova L. Yu. , Perekhozheva S. V. , Chmerenko D. K. , Kulichenko A. N.
Published: January 2022

Objective of the study was to assess the epizootiological and epidemiological situation on anthrax in the Volgograd Region in the period of 1920–2019, to zone the territory according to the degree of disadvantage as regards anthrax using geographic information technologies. Materials and methods. The reporting data of the Rospotrebnadzor Administration, Veterinary Committee in the Volgograd Region, and literature sources were studied. ESRI-ArcGIS 10 software was used as a GIS-platform. Epizootic index was applied in the zoning according to the degree of disadvantage regarding anthrax in the territories of the region. Results and discussion. Currently, 529 stationary potentially hazardous as regards anthrax areas have been registered in 33 districts of the Volgograd Region, 53 anthrax burial sites are accounted for in 20 districts. During the period of 1970–2019, 226 cases of infection of farm animals and 37 cases of anthrax among humans were detected. Most of the stationary potentially hazardous as regards anthrax areas (347 sites, 66 %) were formed in 1930–1949. Maximum activity was observed in 1930–1959. The zoning of the territory of the Volgograd Region was carried out using ESRI-ArcGIS 10 software, as a result of which the municipal districts were divided into four groups according to the degree of disadvantage regarding anthrax. The potential of different soil and landscape zones in the persistence of the anthrax microbe was studied. It has been found that chernozem, chestnut, dark-chestnut soil types, which occupying more than 50 % of the total region area and predominate in the zones of moderately arid and dry steppes, alongside alluvial meadow soils of river valleys, floodplains of rivers are very favorable for the persistence of the anthrax pathogen. The territory of the Volgograd Region is endemic for this infection and epizootiological and epidemiological well-being in the region largely depends on the completeness and timelines of preventive measures. The use of geographic information technologies provides a comprehensive analysis of the infection activity manifestations with reliable improvement of the anti-anthrax surveillance system and control in making differentiated managerial decisions.
Antrax in Primorsky Territory (1919–2020). Communication 2. Episootiological- Epidemiological Situation and Zoning of Administrative Territories
Authors: Dugarzhapova Z. F. , Ivacheva M. A. , Chesnokova M. V. , Kravets E. V. , Reshetnyak E. A. , Umanets A. A. , Detkovskaya T. N. , Kuzin D. Yu. , Balakhonov S. V.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to analyze the epizootiological and epidemiological situation in the Primorsky Territory (1919–2020) and to zone the administrative districts in regard to anthrax. Materials and methods. Accounting and reporting documents, information and archival materials were collected and analyzed, statistical reference books and literature sources were used. A comprehensive epizootiological and epidemiological survey of 12 supposed places of anthrax burials and cattle burial grounds was carried out, and their biological hazard assessed. Results and discussion. Within the framework of updating the Cadastre of stationary potentially hazardous as regards anthrax areas in the Russian Federation (2005), the number of infected farm animals and human cases was specified: according to official data, over the period of 1930–1979, the disease in 173 animals and 34 people with five deaths was registered in 82 stationary unfavorable for anthrax areas of 22 municipalities of the region. Together with the veterinary service of the region, an audit of 12 supposed places of anthrax burials in seven districts of the region was conducted. Based on the results of a comprehensive epizootiological and epidemiological survey, high biological hazard was established for 2 and potential one – for 1 anthrax burials. The culture of Bacillus anthracis isolated on the territory of Primorsky Territory belongs to one of the canonical SNP clusters – A.Br.008/009 of the global genetic line A (subgroup A1). Five criteria for assessing the epizootiological and epidemiological disadvantage for anthrax and the ranking of indicators of the administrative territories in the region have been determined. Zoning of the administrative territories of the region according to risk of anthrax has been carried out. Prophylactic anti-epizootic and anti-epidemic measures have been put forward.
Polimeric Immunoglobulin Diagnosticum for Detection of Cholera Toxin and Assessing the Level of Its Production by Vibrios
Authors: Larionova L. V. , Pisanov R. V. , Simakova D. I. , Narkevich A. N. , Arkhangel’skaya I. V.
Published: January 2022

A marker of the epidemic significance of Vibrio cholerae is their toxigenicity. Therefore, much attention is currently paid to the creation of diagnostic preparations for the detection of cholera toxin and assessment of the level of its production. The volumetric immunosuspension agglomeration reaction, carried out with the help of latex diagnosticums, is an analogue of the indirect hemagglutination reaction, an affordable and technically simple method, since it does not require special equipment and can be used when conducting research in the field. The aim of the study was to design a polymeric immunoglobulin diagnosticum for determining cholera toxin and the level of its production by vibrio strains. Materials and methods. Cholera toxin was obtained from the producer strain Vibrio cholerae Classical 569 B. Rabbit serum to the toxin was obtained according to the method selected by the authors. A polymeric diagnostic immunoglobulin antitoxic drug was obtained through sensitizing immunoglobulins from cholera antitoxic rabbit serum on the surface of polyacrolein microspheres with a size of (1±0.1) μm. Results and discussion. The analytical sensitivity of the developed diagnostic preparation with control cholera toxin is 100 ng/ml. It detects cholera toxin in toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae in a titer of 1:16 – 1:512, gives negative results with non-toxigenic strains of V. cholerae O1, V. Cholerae nonO1/nonO139, with samples of heterologous cultures, LPS preparations, liquid nutrient medium used for the cultivation of V. cholerae. Thus, a polymeric immunoglobulin diagnosticum has been constructed to detect and quantify the production of cholera toxin by vibrio strains, and its analytical sensitivity and specificity have been established.
Construction of the Reagent Panel “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF”
Authors: Nikiforov K. A. , Kukleva L. M. , Sitmbetov D. A. , Osina N. A. , Eroshenko G. A. , Kutyrev V. V.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to develop a test system that allows for detecting plague pathogen DNA in clinical and biological samples, environmental objects with the simultaneous determination of its appurtenance to the main and non-main subspecies, differentiation of the altai biovar central asiatica subspecies separately. Materials and methods. Primer sets for specific genetic markers have been selected using the VectorNTI 10 software, optimal conditions for PCR were determined for RotorGene devices. To assess the specificity and sensitivity of the developed set of reagents, 44 strains of microorganisms were used, of which 19 were Yersinia pestis strains and 25 strains of heterologous microorganisms. The diagnostic sensitivity of “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF” is 98.6 % with a confidence level of probability of 91 %. The diagnostic specificity of “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF” is ≥ 99 % with a confidence level of 91 %. Results and discussion. A medical product “A set of reagents for the detection and differentiation of plague pathogen strains of the main and non-main subspecies (altai biovar, subspecies central asiatica exclusively) by the polymerase chain reaction with hybridization-fluorescent registration of results in real-time mode (GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF)” has been developed. The set of reagents passed the state registration in accordance with the established procedure. The use of the developed set of reagents is relevant for the Gorno-Altai high-mountain plague focus of the Russian Federation and the adjacent part of Mongolia.
Profile of Hepatitis B Virus Mutations Associated with HBsAg-Negative Disease in Patients of Hemodialysis Centers
Authors: Ostankova Yu. V. , Serikova E. N. , Semenov A. V. , Bancevic M. D. , Filipovic-Vignjevic S. B. , Zueva E. B. , Vasil’eva G. V. , Zarya Ya. V. , Saitgalina M. A. , Ivanova A. R. , Zhabasova A. S. , Totolian A. A.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to characterize mutations in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome associated with HBsAg-negative form of the disease in patients receiving hemodialysis replacement therapy. Materials and methods. We used blood plasma samples obtained from hemodialysis centers in St. Petersburg, Russia – 173 patients and 108 patients from Belgrade, Republic of Serbia. The samples were examined for the presence of serological (HBsAg, antibodies anti-HBs IgG, anti-HBcore IgG) and molecular-genetic (HBV DNA) markers of HBV followed by whole-genome sequencing and determination of clinically significant virus mutations. Results and discussion. Antibodies to hepatitis B were detected in 7.5 % and 11.1 % of patients from St. Petersburg and Belgrade, respectively. HBsAg was identified only in 1.1 % of cases in the group from Russia and in 0.9 % of cases in the group from Serbia. HBV DNA was determined in 2.8 % of the studied samples from both, patients from Saint-Petersburg and Belgrade. Phylogenetic analysis of 9 viral isolates showed that genotype D virus (88.9 %) prevailed as compared to genotype A (11.1 %) in the examined group. Among the samples obtained from patients from St. Petersburg, four belonged to the D2 sub-genotype, one to the D3 genotype. Four samples obtained from Belgrade patients belonged to different sub-genotypes – D1, D2, D3, A2, respectively. When analyzing the nucleotide sequences of the HBV genomes, mutations in the MHR region were detected in all cases, but only in HBsAg-negative isolates, mutations were revealed in the region of 124–147 amino acids, including mutations P120T, R122K, A128V, Q129R, M133I, G145R affecting the recognition of HBsAg by anti-HBs antibodies and associated with the resistance of the virus to the vaccine. The results of this study indicate that transmission of blood-borne viral hepatitis agent in the hemodialysis departments of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Serbia still exists. The prevalence of the latent chronic hepatitis B, coupled with the presence of vaccine escape mutations in all identified cases, indicates the need to pay close attention to the occurrence of the virus mutant variants in hemodialysis centers.