bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constraints that registered nurses in Namibia are faced with when utilising the nursing process in local-level Primary health care practice
Authors: Iita Hermine , Iipinge Scholastika , Van Dyk Agnes
Published: April 2016

The purpose of this study was twofold. Firstly to explore and describe the utilization of the Nursing Process by registered nurses in local level Primary health care practice in Namibia with regard to Primary health care delivery during their daily practices and secondly, to develop strategies that would support registered nurses in executing their role and function in this regard. These were prompted by the implementation of a Primary health care approach to health care delivery in the country. The objectives of the study were:To Explore and describe the way in which registered nurses in clinics, health care centres and outreach posts in the health districts use the nursing process as regards PHC delivery; To determine how supervisors perceive the utilisation of the nursing process by registered nurses with regard to PHC;To identify the constraints that registered nurses are faced with when utilising the nursing process with regard to the delivery of PHC;To develop a conceptual framework on which to base the formulation of relevant strategies,To incorporate the findings of this study into the development of strategies to support registered nurses in their utilisation of the nursing process with regard to the delivery of PHC;To validate the appropriateness of these strategies.A multi- phase, quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was selected to provide a picture of how registered nurses fulfill their role and function concerning Primary health care (PHC) during their daily practices.The population consisted of two groups. The first group consisted of 239 registered nurses working in Clinics, health Centres and in Outreach Programmes. The second group consisted of 39 registered nurses supervisors, who supervised the registered nurses in these facilities. A survey was used to gather the data through self-report (questionnaire). Two questionnaires were developed, one for registered nurses and the other for immediate supervisors. Quantitative, descriptive analysis was used to summarize and organize data using tables and figures as well as t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), where applicable. Five main areas where registered nurses needed support in execution of their roles and functions were revealed from the results. The areas were: Water and sanitation and other environmental health issues; health education and communication including outreach activities; Nutrition and food supply; Community diagnosis and care and Management support or administrative functions in Primary health Care, including research and education of health workers including fellow registered nurses.This paper discusses the constraints that registered nurses in Namibia face when they use the nursing process in local Primary health care facilities.
Conceptual framework for the formulation of strategies to support registered nurses in their utilisation of the nursing process when executing their roles and functions in local-level Primary health care (PHC) practicein Namibia
Authors: Iita Hermine , Iipinge Scholastika , Van Dyk Agnes
Published: April 2016

This paper describes the conceptual framework upon which the development of strategies to support use of the nursing process by registered nurses in local-level Primary health care practice in Namibia was based. The conceptual framework was developed based on the findings of phase 1 of this study, which was a situational analysis to explore and describe the use of the Nursing Process by registered nurses in local level primary health care practice in Namibia and to identify constraints that registered nurses in local level Primary health care practice face as they implement the nursing process in their daily practice. The study was conducted in four phases namely as follow: Phase1: Needs assessment quantitative survey; Phase 2: Conceptualisation of findings from phase 1; Phase 3: Development of strategies to support the roles and functions of the registered nurse in local level PHC and Phase 4: Validation of these strategies. This article focusses on Phase 2: Conceptualisation of findings from phase 1 and it describes objectives 4 of the study namely, to develop a conceptual framework on which to base the formulation of relevant strategies.From phase 1 which focused on needs assessment, findings indicate that registered nurses in local level Primary health care practice in Namibia fulfill most of their expected role functions. However, five main problem areas were identified. The challenges identified were categorised according to the five elements of PHC and management, namely, water and sanitation and related environmental health issues; nutrition and food supply; health education and communication; community diagnosis and care; and management support or administration, including research.It was concluded that strategies needed to be developed to support registered nurses in their daily local Primary health care practice.The development of the conceptual framework, which guided the development of strategies to support registered nurses use the nursing process in local level Primary health care practice, makes this study an original contribution to the body on knowledge.
Investigation of the predictor effect of organizational cynicism on organizational identification according to teachers' perceptions
Authors: Ayık Ahmet , Şayir Gönül , Bilici Ayşe
Published: April 2016

In this study, the relations between organization identification and organizational cynicism were analyzed according to the views of the teachers. The sample of the study consists of 252 teachers working in the primary schools under Ministry of National Education in Yakutiye County, Erzurum, 2013-2014 educational years. "Organizational Identification Questionnaire" and "Organizational Cynicism Scale" were used in the data collection. In this descriptive study, standard deviation, mean, Pearson's product-moment correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used in the analysis of the data. The results of the study show that the dimensions of the organizational cynicism have negative and significant relations with all the dimensions of organizational identification. The results of regression analysis show that cognitive dimensions of the organizational cynicism scale predicts negatively and significantly the compliance dimension of the organizational identification questionnaire the affective and; the cognitive dimension of the organizational cynicism scale predicts negatively and significantly the internalization dimension of the organizational identification questionnaire.
Factor V Leiden Mutation and its Impact on Pregnancy Complications
Authors: Hammerová Ľubica , Chabada Ján , Drobný Juraj , Bátorová Angelika
Published: April 2016

Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to find the association between the factor V Leiden mutation and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: This study is an analysis of a prospective observational study of the frequency of placenta-mediated complications of factor V Leiden mutation carriers. We compared pregnancy outcomes of 11 women with a heterozygous form of the factor V Leiden mutation with 41 women of a control group. Results: All pregnancies ended with delivery of a living infant. None of the 52 pregnancies were complicated by venous thromboembolism. There were a few significant differences regarding placenta-mediated complications. The gestational age at delivery showed small significant differences. There was a significant difference in the birth weight deviation in percentage between FVL carriers and controls. The incidence of blood loss exceeding 1000 ml was higher in the control group. Conclusions: Carriership of the factor V Leiden mutation did not affect the incidence of preeclampsia. Adverse pregnancy outcomes such as placental abruption were rare. Eclampsia, intrauterine fetal death and venous thromboembolism did not occur. Our results provide evidence that the maternal heterozygous FVL mutation did not increase the risk of an adverse pregnancy outcome.
Case Report of Ruptured Non-Communicating Right Rudimentary Horn Pregnancy: An Acute Emergency
Authors: Che Hassan Che Hasnura , Abdul Karim Abdul Kadir , Mohamed Ismail Nor Azlin , Omar Mohd Hashim
Published: April 2016

Ruptured pregnancy in the rudimentary horn of women who have had a vaginal delivery is rare and unpredictable. However, when undiagnosed, this condition could lead to maternal morbidity and mortality. We report a pregnancy at 19 weeks gestation presented with acute abdomen and hypovolemic shock. She was initially thought to have an intrauterine pregnancy with the provisional diagnosis of a ruptured uterus. Intraoperatively, a ruptured non-communicating right rudimentary horn with ex utero pregnancy was discovered.
Use of Bio-Degradable Stents for the Treatment of Refractory Benign Gastrointestinal Stenoses
Authors: Rejchrt Stanislav , Bureš Jan , Brožík Jan , Kopáčová Marcela
Published: April 2016

Bio-degradable stents are be made of different synthetic polymers (like polylactide or polyglycolide) or their co-polymers (polydioxanone). They can be used for treating benign stenoses of the small and large intestine, particularly in Crohn’s disease. Endoscopic introduction of bio-degradable stents into small and large intestinal stenoses is feasible and relatively simple. Initial results are encouraging and the complication rate is low. However, there are still some difficulties that need to be overcome. The rate of early stent migration is still rather high (up to one third of patients). This might be solved by changes in the shape or rigidity of the stents as well as by further improvement in the design. Proof of long-term efficacy and safety requires further studies.
The Use of Rubber Dam among Czech Dental Practitioners
Authors: Kapitán Martin , Šustová Zdeňka
Published: April 2016

Rubber dam is considered an ideal device for tooth isolation. Nevertheless, its usage is quite rare in the Czech Republic. The aim of this study was: firstly, to gather and evaluate information regarding the use of rubber dam by dentists in the Czech Republic and to compare it with other countries; secondly to find out whether there are any influencing factors as to rubber dam usage; and finally to find out frequency of rubber dam use separately in endodontic treatment and in placing fillings of different materials. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted. Dentists filled in the questionnaires during dental conventions, educational events, conferences and congresses. Rubber dam was routinely used by less than eight per cent of the respondents (n = 35); less than twenty-two per cent of the respondents (n = 97) used rubber dam occasionally, and more than seventy per cent of the respondents (n = 317) has never use it. The results showed that rubber dam is not used frequently in the Czech Republic. If rubber dam is used, then it is typically for endodontic treatment or composite fillings. There were several factors with a statistically significant influence on the usage of rubber dam, such as gender, length of professional career, percentage of direct payments, previous experience in using rubber dam, and undergraduate training in rubber dam use.
Daily Prostate Volume and Position Monitoring Using Implanted Gold Markers and On-Board Imaging during Radiotherapy
Authors: Kašaová Linda , Sirák Igor , Jansa Jan , Paluska Petr , Petera Jiří
Published: April 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate prostate volume changes and prostate motions during radiotherapy. Methods: In 2010, twenty-five patients were treated for prostate cancer by external beam radiotherapy with implanted fiducial markers. Coordinates of three gold markers on kilovoltage images were calculated daily. Volume changes in target structure were observed through changes in intermarker distances. Differences in patient position between laser-tattoo alignment and gold marker localization were evaluated. Intrafraction motion was assessed by measuring marker displacement on kilovoltage images acquired before and after fraction delivery. Results: Prostate shrinkage was observed in 60% of patients. The average shrinkage was 7% of the prostate’s initial volume. Corrections after laser-tattoo alignment remained mostly below 1 cm. The difference between marker centroid position on the actual images and the planning images was 2 ± 1 mm on average. The extension of intrafraction movements was 7.6 ± 0.2 mm on average. Conclusions: In our retrospective study, the possibility for prostate volume changes during radiotherapy was revealed. Intrafraction movements turned out to be the limiting factor in safety margin reduction.
Controlled Hemostasis in Thoracic Surgery Using Drugs with Oxidized Cellulose
Authors: Habal Petr , Omran Nedal , Manďák Jiří , Šimek Jiří , Štětina Milan
Published: April 2016

The authors demonstrate the possibility of improving surgical results by the reduction of perioperative bleeding in thoracic surgery associated with extended resection procedures. We focused on patients in whom the expected perioperative blood loss was greater than 500 ml. The first group consisted of patients with lung cancer stage III A after neoadjuvant chemotherapy had been indicated to extend the resection procedure. The second group consisted of patients with chest wall and mediastinum tumors of various etiologies. The third group consisted of patients with post-inflammatory thoracic complications in whom combined decortication and pleurectomy was necessary. By the using the local hemostyptic Traumastem TAF on the basis of oxidized cellulose, it is possible to minimize the perioperative blood loss, thus sparing the blood derivative requirement and enabling surgeons to provide the desired treatment even to high-risk patients.
The Effect of Wheat Allergy on the Course of Atopic Eczema in Patients over 14 Years of Age
Authors: Čelakovská Jarmila , Ettlerová Květuše , Ettler Karel , Vaněčková Jaroslava , Bukač Josef
Published: April 2016

Few studies concerning the importance of wheat allergy affecting the course of atopic eczema in adolescents and adult patients exist. Aim: The evaluation if wheat allergy can deteriorate the course of atopic eczema. Follow-up of patients with confirmed food allergy to wheat. Method: Altogether 179 persons suffering from atopic eczema were included in the study: 51 men and 128 women entered the study with an average age of 26.2 (s.d. 9.5 years) Dermatological and allergological examinations were performed, including skin prick tests, atopy patch tests, and specific serum IgE for wheat, open exposure test and double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge test with wheat flour. Results: Wheat allergy affecting the coures of atopic eczema was confirmed in eight patients (4.5%) out of 179 patients enrolled in this study by double-blind, placebo controlled food challenge test. The course of atopic eczema showed a positive trend in patients with confirmed food allergy at 3, 6, 9, 12 month follow-up (statistical evaluation with paired t-test) after the elimination of wheat flour. Conclusion: Wheat allergy may play an important role in the worsening of atopic eczema (acting as a triggering exacerbating factor) only in a minority of adolescents and adult patients (4.5% in our study). The diagnostic methods (skin prick test, specific IgE, atopy patch test, history) cannot be used as separated tests for the determination of food allergy to wheat in patients with atopic eczema.Open exposure tests and double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge should be used for the confirmation of wheat allergy affecting the course of atopic eczema.
Cardiomyopathy as One of the Less Frequent Manifestations of Takayasu’s Arteritis
Authors: Horáková Lucie , Pudil Radek , Hrnčíř Zbyněk , Vižďa Jaroslav
Published: April 2016

The authors present the case of a young woman with newly diagnosed Takayasu’s arteritis. This woman, with arterial hypertension, was investigated for the unspecific symptoms at the beginning. Afterwards, the transthoracic echocardiography showed dysfunction of the left ventricle and the abdominal sonography showed a stenosis of the right renal artery. PET/CT scan showed chronic modification after inflammatory processes on the wall of the thoracic and abdominal aorta. This case report should be instructive to other clinicians and refers to the necessity to remember this rare disease in our country too.
Stiff-Person Syndrome Following Tick-Borne Meningoencephalitis
Authors: Ehler Edvard , Latta Jan , Mandysová Petra , Havlasová Jana , Mrklovský Milan
Published: April 2016

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare disorder characterized by muscle stiffness and painful spasms. Misdiagnosis may occur due to the fact that the clinical picture of SPS is often atypical. The main pathophysiologic mechanism underlying the development of SPS is insufficient inhibition at the cortical and spinal levels. There is good evidence for a primary autoimmune etiology. A 61-year-old man was admitted to a neurological department due to muscle hypertonia with episodic attacks of painful spasms predominantly affecting axial muscles. The symptoms developed shortly after tickborne meningoencephalitis. Electromyography (EMG) revealed signs of continuous motor unit activity. Antibodies against glutamate decarboxylase (anti-GAD) were highly elevated. We present a case of a man who developed clinically severe anti-GAD positive SPS, provoked by tick-borne encephalitis. After therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) a rapid, temporary improvement of the clinical and neurophysiological findings was noted. Only after being placed on long-term immunosuppression did the patient achieve stable recovery. This case supports the importance of EMG findings and demonstrates the effect of TPE as well as the need for chronic immunosuppression in severe cases of SPS.
Late Onset of Aspergillus Aortitis Presenting as Femoral Artery Embolism Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Noordally S. Oaleed , Sohawon Schoeb , De Bels David , Duttmann Ruth , Gottignies Philippe , Devriendt Jacques
Published: April 2016

Aspergillus sp. are ubiquitous mould infections and in most patients, the source is presumed to be air-borne infections during surgical procedures. Prevention of these infections requires special attention of ventilation systems in operating rooms. Post-operative aspergillosis occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients as well as those who receive corticosteroids temporarily. We report a case of a 71-year-old immunocompromised patient who developed multiple lower limb embolisms due to Aspergillus niger originating from an aortitis of the ascending aorta nine months following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
Sorafenib, Risk of Bleeding and Spontaneous Rupture of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. A Clinical Case
Authors: Rombolà Ferdinando , Caravetta Angelo , Mollo Francesco , Spinoso Antonio , Peluso Lenino , Guarino Raffaele
Published: April 2016

Spontaneous rupture is a rare and dramatic complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), burdened by a high mortality. Here we describe a case of a 73-year-old man, who arrived at the ER because of syncope, and acute epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. He had a history of hepatitis C-related liver cirrhosis and HCC in treatment with sorafenib. The physical examination showed a state of hemorrhagic anemia with the presence of blood in the peritoneal cavity. The patient underwent an urgent liver resection. Thirty days after surgery, he was in good general condition. Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor recently introduced in the therapy of patients with advanced HCC. Among the various side effects reported in patients treated with sorafenib, there is a higher risk of bleeding. In conclusion, sorafenib may increase the risk of bleeding and rupture of HCC in susceptible individuals.
The Taylor principle is valid under wage stickiness
Authors: Blasselle Alexis , Poissonnier Aurélien
Published: April 2016

We consider the textbook neo-Keynesian model with staggered prices and wages in discrete time. We prove analytically that the Taylor principle holds in this case. When both contracts exhibit sluggish adjustment to market conditions, the policy maker faces a trade-off between stabilizing three welfare relevant variables: output, price inflation and wage inflation. We consider a monetary policy rule designed accordingly: the central banker can react to both inflations and the output gap. In addition to generalizing the Taylor principle we show that the frontier of determinacy embeds the frontier derived with staggered prices only, generalizes the frontier of determinacy in the limit case of continuous time and is symmetric in price and wage inflations.
Histone acetylation in neuronal (dys)function
Authors: Bonnaud Emilie M. , Suberbielle Elsa , Malnou Cécile E.
Published: April 2016

Cognitive functions require the expression of an appropriate pattern of genes in response to environmental stimuli. Over the last years, many studies have accumulated knowledge towards the understanding of molecular mechanisms that regulate neuronal gene expression. Epigenetic modifications have been shown to play an important role in numerous neuronal functions, from synaptic plasticity to learning and memory. In particular, histone acetylation is a central player in these processes. In this review, we present the molecular mechanisms of histone acetylation and summarize the data underlying the relevance of histone acetylation in cognitive functions in normal and pathological conditions. In the last part, we discuss the different mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of histone acetylation associated with neurological disorders, with a particular focus on environmental causes (stress, drugs, or infectious agents) that are linked to impaired histone acetylation.
An investigation into method of diagnosis in clinicopathologic conferences (CPCs)
Authors: Jain Bimal
Published: April 2016

An analysis of 50 clinicopathologic conferences (CPCs) reveals the method of diagnosis in them to consist of construction of exhaustive differential diagnosis followed by evaluation of each disease in it by the likelihood inference approach. This method leads to 98% diagnostic accuracy in these CPCs. A probabilistic approach is found not to be employed for evaluation of a disease.
An improved method for aldol condensation catalyses by Amberlyst A-26 OH: application in the synthesis of pseudoionone derivative, 11,15-dimethylhexadeca-8,10,14-trien-7-one
Authors: Chong Daniel J.W. , Chong Florence H.L. , Latip Jalifah
Published: April 2016

This paper reports the improved procedure for aldol condensation between citral and 2-octanone with Amberlyst A-26 OH to give 11,15-dimethyl-hexadeca-8,10,14-trien-7-one. The improved synthesis utilizing Amberlyst A-26 OH as the solid catalyst produces better yield (93.0%) and enables simple work-up procedure. The experimental conditions are evaluated and optimized at 2-octanone/citral molar ratio of 10, catalyst amount of 5% (mole of citral), and temperature of 60°C in 3.5 h reaction time. 11,15-Dimethyl-hexadeca-8,10,14-trien-7-one is isolated using preparative thin layer chromatography with hexane:ethyl acetate (9.5:0.5) and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
Detection of Frauds and Other Non-technical Losses in Power Utilities using Smart Meters: A Review
Authors: Ahmad Tanveer , Ul Hasan Qadeer
Published: April 2016

Analysis of losses in power distribution system and techniques to mitigate these are two active areas of research especially in energy scarce countries like Pakistan to increase the availability of power without installing new generation. Since total energy losses account for both technical losses (TL) as well as non-technical losses (NTLs). Utility companies in developing countries are incurring of major financial losses due to non-technical losses. NTLs lead to a series of additional losses, such as damage to the network (infrastructure and the reduction of network reliability) etc. The purpose of this paper is to perform an introductory investigation of non-technical losses in power distribution systems. Additionally, analysis of NTLs using consumer energy consumption data with the help of Linear Regression Analysis has been carried out. This data focuses on the Low Voltage (LV) distribution network, which includes: residential, commercial, agricultural and industrial consumers by using the monthly kWh interval data acquired over a period (one month) of time using smart meters. In this research different prevention techniques are also discussed to prevent illegal use of electricity in the distribution of electrical power system.
Crystal structure of (E)-4,4′-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(1-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5(4H)-one)—acetonitrile (1:1), C6H5N11O6
Authors: Zhu Jiaping , Jin Shaohua , Yu Yuehai , Chen Shusen , Shu Qinghai
Published: April 2016

C6H5N11O6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.463(5) Å, b = 6.526(2) Å, c = 14.068(5) Å, β = 95.961(5)°, V = 1229.3(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0417, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1067, T = 153 K.
Acoustic Evidence of New Sibilants in the Pronunciation of Young Polish Women
Authors: Czaplicki Bartlłomiej , Żygis Marzena , Pape Daniel , Jesus Luis M. T.
Published: April 2016

We present the results of an acoustic study showing that the Polish sibilant system is undergoing changes in the speech of young university-educated women. The results based on the acoustic analysis of 16 speakers’ pronunciation, reveal that the new variants of alveolo-palatals are characterised by spectral peaks at higher frequencies and higher centre of gravity values than their Standard Polish counterparts. In addition, spectral moments, spectral slopes and the formants of preceding vowels differentiate the new variants from Standard Polish alveolo-palatals. We provide the rationale for the development of the new variants by referring to (i) a functional approach involving contrast optimisation in the sibilant system, (ii) a sociolinguistic approach that makes use of a sound-symbolic association between energy concentration in higher frequency regions and smallness and (iii) a speech disorder.
Crystallization, structural and mechanical properties of PA6/PC/NBR ternary blends: effect of NBR-g-GMA compatibilizer and organoclay
Authors: Delkash Masoumeh , Naderi Ghasem , Sahraieyan Razi , Esmizadeh Elnaz
Published: April 2016

Ternary blends based on polyamide 6 (PA6)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR)/polycarbonate (PC) were prepared by melt compounding via extrusion process. The effect of organoclay (OC), compatibilizer, and blend ratio was investigated on structural and mechanical properties of the blend. The effect of OC and compatibilizer studied on crystallization temperature, melting temperature, and crystallinity of PA6/NBR/PC ternary blends was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Improvement in the crystal structure of compatibilized blend compared to unfilled blend was observed by polarized optical microscope. Dispersion of OC into PA6/NBR/PC ternary blends was done by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray. The results confirmed the exfoliation of OC particles into the polymer matrix. The improvement in yield stress and tensile modulus of the ternary blend was observed in the presence of OC. The impact strength showed an increase using NBR-glycidyl methacrylate-grafted (g-GMA) to prepare compatibilized PA6/NBR/PC ternary blend.
Efficient Genome-Wide Sequencing and Low-Coverage Pedigree Analysis from Noninvasively Collected Samples
Authors: Snyder-Mackler Noah , Majoros William H , Yuan Michael L , Shaver Amanda O , Gordon Jacob B , Kopp Gisela H , Schlebusch Stephen A , Wall Jeffrey D , Alberts Susan C , Mukherjee Sayan , Zhou Xiang , Tung Jenny
Published: April 2016

Research on the genetics of natural populations was revolutionized in the 1990s by methods for genotyping noninvasively collected samples. However, these methods have remained largely unchanged for the past 20 years and lag far behind the genomics era. To close this gap, here we report an optimized laboratory protocol for genome-wide capture of endogenous DNA from noninvasively collected samples, coupled with a novel computational approach to reconstruct pedigree links from the resulting low-coverage data. We validated both methods using fecal samples from 62 wild baboons, including 48 from an independently constructed extended pedigree. We enriched fecal-derived DNA samples up to 40-fold for endogenous baboon DNA and reconstructed near-perfect pedigree relationships even with extremely low-coverage sequencing. We anticipate that these methods will be broadly applicable to the many research systems for which only noninvasive samples are available. The lab protocol and software (“WHODAD”) are freely available at www.tung-lab.org/protocols-and-software.html and www.xzlab.org/software.html, respectively.
От редакции
Authors: Коницкая Е. , Ушинскене В.
Published: April 2016

...
Two‐point discrimination and kinesthetic sense disorders in productive age individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Wolny Tomasz , Saulicz Edward , Linek Paweł , Myśliwiec Andrzej
Published: April 2016

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate two‐point discrimination (2PD) sense and kinesthetic sense dysfunctions in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) patients compared with a healthy group.

Methods

The 2PD sense, muscle force, and kinesthetic differentiation (KD) of strength; the range of motion in radiocarpal articulation; and KD of motion were assessed.

Results

The 2PD sense assessment showed significantly higher values in all the examined fingers in the CTS group than in those in the healthy group (p<0.01). There was a significant difference in the percentage value of error in KD of pincer and cylindrical grip (p<0.01) as well as in KD of flexion and extension movement in the radiocarpal articulation (p< 0.01) between the studied groups.

Conclusions

There are significant differences in the 2PD sense and KD of strength and movement between CTS patients compared with healthy individuals.
Occurrence of a skarn-type mineralogy found in Ciénaga Marbles, located in the NW foothills of the Santa Marta Massif (Colombia)
Authors: Castellanos-AlarcónCarlos Oscar Mauricio , Ríos-Reyes Carlos Alberto , Mantilla-Figueroa Luis Carlos
Published: April 2016

The early Cretaceous Ciénaga Marbles that crop out in the NW foothills of the Santa Marta Massif (Colombian Caribbean region) present an epigenetic mineral assemblage (skarn-type), overprinting the metamorphic mineral assemblage previously developed along the regional metamorphic history that affected this unit. The skarn-type mineralogy allows at least three paragenetic contexts to be distinguished, which are represented by the following neoformed minerals: (a) garnet, forsterite, diopside, titanite, wollastonite and calcite (early anhydrous metamorphic stage), (b) actinolite, tremolite, allanite and clinohumite (metasomatic or hydrated stage), and (c) chlorite, serpentine, sepiolite and quartz (late low temperature retrograde stage, probably due to infiltration of descending meteoric waters). The skarn-type mineralogy is observed as alteration halos developed around porphyritic granodiorites emplaced as sills between anisotropy planes related to metamorphic regional foliation of rock that are considered to be the causative bodies of the skarntype mineralogy. Zircon U-Pb ages obtained from granodioritic bodies yielded an age of 55.5±0.7 Ma (Ypresian, Early Eocene). The formation of the skarn-type mineralogy in the Ciénaga Marbles is temporarily related to the formation and emplacement of hydrated silicate masses that were generated at the beginning of the subduction polarity change (i.e. when the Caribbean oceanic plate began to subduct beneath South American continental plate).
Numerical experimentation for the optimal design of reinforced rectangular concrete beams for singly reinforced sections
Authors: Luévanos Rojas Arnulfo
Published: April 2016

This paper presents a model for the optimal design of reinforced rectangular concrete beams for singly reinforced sections. It develops an analytical approach to the problem, based on a criterion of minimum cost and minimum weight design with a reduced number of design variables. Representative examples are presented to illustrate the applicability of the formulation in accordance with building code requirements for structural concrete (ACI 318S-13), including the comments on the standards. A comparison is made between the optimal design solution and current design practice for reinforced rectangular concrete beams. The optimal solution for the design of reinforced rectangular concrete beams shows clearly that significant savings can be made in the costs of the construction materials used – i.e. reinforcement steel and concrete. In addition, the problem formulation can be applied using a nonlinear mathematical programming format.
Analysis of working nanofluids for a refrigeration system
Authors: Hernández Jaramillo Diana Carolina , Nieto Londoño César , Zapata-Benabithe Zulamita
Published: April 2016

This paper presents the analysis of nanorefrigerant fluids to improve the thermal efficiency of a refrigeration system. Simulations in ANSYS FLUENT 15.0 were performed with mixtures of refrigerants R113, R123 and R134a, with Al2O3 nanoparticles at 1 vf% and 5 vf% (vf%, fraction volume concentration), flowing through a horizontal tube with a constant wall temperature. A mixture and the k-e turbulent models were employed to obtain results of heat transfer coefficient, temperature and pressure drop for each case. Results show an increment in thermal characteristics by adding 1 vf% and 5 vf% of Al2O3 nanoparticles to the three refrigerants selected. However, the size of the nanoparticle does not affect the thermal properties of nanofluid and the pressure drop does not show a specific pattern of behavior at different concentrations of nanoparticles. Finally, the mixture of R134a with 30 nm of mean diameter size Al2O3 at 1 vf% was selected because of its higher thermal efficiency and its favorable properties as a refrigerant.
Microstructure and electrical properties of solid electrolytes of fully stabilized zirconia with rare earth mixed oxides
Authors: Muñoz Meneses Rodrigo Arbey , Cajas-Daza Paola Cristina , Narvaez-Semanate Jose Luis , Moreira-da Silva Cosme Roberto
Published: April 2016

In this work was obtained solid electrolytes of fully stabilized zircônia with doped of 10 and 12 mol% of Re2O3 (mixed oxides rare earth), for use in oxygen sensors and or fuel cells. The specimens were prepared by uniaxial pressing and sintered using two heating schedules, S1 and S2. Impedance diagrams show that the crystalline phases and the grain size change the electrical behavior of the ceramics. The sample with the best electrical performance was obtained with 10 mol% doped and was sintered with the curve S1. The value of the total conductivity of this sample was 2,85x10-3 W-1.cm-1 (taken at 600 ° C). When making a comparison between this values of conductivity with the reported in the literature is identified similarity with or traditional system zirconia-yttria the most widely used commercially as electrolyte oxygen sensors and fuel cells, confirming the potential use of the oxides mixed rare earth for these specific applications.
Collaborative goods distribution using the IRP model
Authors: Arango Serna Martin Dario , Romano Carlos Andres , Zapata Cortes Julian Andres
Published: April 2016

This paper presents a study of the impact that collaboration in inventory has on distribution costs in a network of one supplier and multiple customers. Freight transport is widely studied due to its impact on logistics costs and service levels of enterprises. Looking for network configurations that improve some of these aspects will always be attractive to both academics and businesses. The collaborative distribution system was proposed using the IRP model, and it was compared with the scenarios in which the both supplier or customers optimize their inventory levels. For the IRP model solution a genetic algorithm was used, from which it was obtained a collaborative distribution system with a better performance than if the optimization is made independently.
La propuesta conservadora frente al proyecto educativo del liberalismo radical: la defensa de una educación católica a través de la prensa y las asociaciones
Authors: Jaramillo Jaramillo Juliana
Published: April 2016

Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX sectores conservadores y allegados a la Iglesia católica se opusieron al proyecto de instrucción pública formulado por el gobierno liberal entre 1860 y 1870, debido a su orientación laica, la cual aquellos veían como una amenaza para la estabilidad de la religión y la iglesia en el país. A raíz de esto los grupos “procatólicos” emprendieron una ofensiva contra el gobierno para hacer frente a su proyecto instruccionista y promover al mismo tiempo su propia propuesta pedagógica. El presente artículo tiene por objeto examinar dos de los mecanismos centrales a los que aquellos recurrieron con el fin mencionado, tales fueron la prensa y las asociaciones. De este modo, se pretende que este examen contribuya a una mejor comprensión de la transformación que tuvo la educación colombiana hacia el último cuarto del siglo XIX, al pasar de un modelo educativo laico a uno confesional.
El anacronismo en la historia: ¿error o posibilidad? A propósito de las reflexiones sobre el tiempo en Carlo Ginzburg, Marc Bloch y Georges Didi-Huberman
Authors: Chaves Maldonado Maria Eugenia
Published: April 2016

En su libro inconcluso y publicado póstumamente, Apología por la Historia, Marc Bloch entregó como legado a la posteridad una crítica fundamental al concepto de tiempo como objeto del análisis histórico. En las últimas décadas este tema ha conocido un renovado interés entre los estudiosos de la Historia. Dentro de dicho debate, en donde el tema del anacronismo ha venido a ocupar un rol protagónico, el historiador italiano Carlo Ginzburg y el historiador del arte y filósofo francés Georges Didi-Huberman,  han hecho aportes muy sugerentes. En este artículo pretendo pasar revista a dos intervenciones de éstos historiadores  sobre el tema del tiempo histórico para mostrar que a pesar de que adoptan posturas diferentes con relación al anacronismo, ambos están profundamente influenciados por la obra de Marc Bloch, situación que abre una serie de preguntas sobre las divergencias y convergencias que podrían existir en el desarrollo de su crítica.
Buscando culpables: la representación de las causas del crimen común en la prensa escrita de la ciudad de Pinar del Río (Cuba), durante la década de 1950
Authors: León Iglesias Juana Marta
Published: April 2016

Los discursos emitidos por la prensa escrita sobre las causas del crimen común, han sido insuficientemente abordados por la historiografía cubana; carencia que se hace más evidente en el plano local. Por ello, este artículo se propone valorar la construcción de las reflexiones en torno a la etiología de ese tipo de crimen en la ciudad de Pinar del Río, durante la década de 1950. Este período estuvo marcado por la actitud de la burguesía pinareña ante lo que percibían como la influencia de los procesos de modernización social y cultural en el comportamiento de los pobladores. En esa medida, el presente análisis, permitió comprender que las consideraciones sobre el delito, difundidas por la prensa de la localidad, inculpaban a los estilos de vida considerados “modernos”, de causar la deformación familiar y social, por lo cual reclamaban a la educación fungir como la principal forma de disminuir el crimen común.
Acciones para la defensa realista en una ciudad novohispana. Zacatecas, 1808-1814
Authors: Terán Fuentes Mariana
Published: April 2016

El presente artículo tiene como propósito explicar algunos de los mecanismos de defensa empleados durante la guerra de insurgencia de 1810, en una de las más importantes ciudades novohispanas reconocida por su producción minera, a través del papel que para ello desempeñaron tanto el ayuntamiento como la intendencia. En un contexto de crisis política acelerado desde 1808, se observa un proceso de transformación de las nociones y prácticas de la defensa por distintas corporaciones sociales. En particular, se destacan las estrategias defensivas incorporadas por el ejército realista para salvaguardar la ciudad de Zacatecas.
Ciencia y ambiente en la aclimatación del eucalipto en el Valle de México a través de la prensa, 1869-1880
Authors: Vega y Ortega Baez Rodrigo Antonio
Published: April 2016

Entre 1869 y 1880 se publicaron en la prensa local más de sesenta escritos referentes a la aclimatación del eucalipto en el Valle de México. Estos constituyen actualmente la base para comprender la intención de los hombres de ciencia tras su pretensión de implementar esta especie vegetal en la Ciudad de México. En ese sentido la historia social de la ciencia ha permitido identificar algunos de sus criterios: el valor terapéutico atribuido al eucalipto; la tendencia a plantar árboles para mejorar la higiene urbana; la utilidad de dicho árbol en las manufacturas de los artesanos y en la industrialización; y su siembra como ornato de los espacios públicos de la urbe. El presente análisis busca por tanto revelar las prácticas, intereses y finalidades de los naturalistas amateurs y profesionales en torno al proceso de aclimatación de especies extranjeras para reforzar los ramos económicos del país.
Carlos Vladimir Villamizar Duarte, La felicidad del Nuevo Reyno de Granada: el lenguaje patriótico en Santafé (1791-1797) (Bogotá: Universidad Externado de Colombia, 2012), 220 pp.
Authors: Loaiza Cano Gilberto
Published: April 2016

Reseña
Acerca de la genealogía editorial de la revista Mito
Authors: Kawakami Vítor
Published: April 2016

A través de la comparación de la revista Mito con otras revistas literarias, como la argentina Sur, la francesa Les Temps Modernes y la Revista mexicana de literatura, es posible trazar un sistema de relaciones y confrontaciones ideológicas, literarias y editoriales, presentes en los pensamientos de escritores como Jorge Luis Borges, Jean-Paul Sartre y Octavio Paz, entre otros. Esto con el fin de analizar el perfil complejo del intelectual latinoamericano, representado por Jorge Gaitán Durán, y de sus principales características, presentes en la línea editorial de la revista colombiana.
La transculturación: de la utopía a la narrativa latinoamericana. Versiones sucesivas de un precursor, un inaugurador y un codificador
Authors: Croce Marcela
Published: April 2016

El propósito del artículo es llevar a cabo un recorrido retrospectivo que establezca los anticipos y las intuiciones registradas del concepto de transculturación antes de su enunciación definitiva, para la teoría latinoamericana, en la obra de Ángel Rama. Entre quienes previeron la noción pero no alcanzaron a enunciarla específicamente, o limitaron sus alcances a un período determinado de la historia local, se destacan Pedro Henríquez Ureña y Mariano Picón Salas. Los ensayos de Henríquez Ureña y Las corrientes literarias en la América hispánica registran aproximaciones a la categoría, mientras que Picón Salas la recupera directamente del antropólogo Fernando Ortiz. Complementando el señalamiento que atribuye el desarrollo del concepto, por parte de Rama, al contacto con Darcy Ribeiro, este trabajo registra el impacto que la lectura de sus antecesores produjo en aquel al que se asoció desde entonces, en forma exclusiva, con el término transculturación, desplegando su ontología y su productividad.
Lo clásico y la tradición en Paul Valéry, T. S. Eliot y Walter Benjamin
Authors: Díaz Villarreal William
Published: April 2016

Este trabajo describe el sentido de la noción de lo clásico en tres autores: Paul Valéry, T. S. Eliot y Walter Benjamin. En el primero, lo clásico supone la imposición de un orden a partir del desorden del material natural, mientras que el segundo recurre a metáforas organicistas para concebirlo como el resultado de un estado de madurez de la cultura. Estos dos sentidos confluyen de un modo negativo en las ideas de Benjamin, cuya perspectiva está marcada por la idea de redención: él desvaloriza, en cierto modo, el sentido tradicional de lo clásico, pero al concebirlo como una acumulación de ruinas, busca hacer estallar sus posibilidades revolucionarias.
Checklist of rocky reef fishes from the Currais Archipelago and Itacolomis Island, Paraná state, Brazil
Authors: Daros Felippe A. , Bueno Leonardo S. , Vilar Ciro C. , Passos Ana C. , Spach Henry L.
Published: April 2016

The ichthyofauna of the rocky substrate of Currais Archipelago and Itacolomis Island (Paraná state, Brazil) was surveyed between October 2008 and August 2009 through visual census, using 40 m2 (20x2 m) band transects at an average depth of 6 m. A total of 14,210 individuals (66 species from 33 families) were observed in 336 band transects, covering an area of 13,440 m2. Stegastes fuscus, Abudefduf saxatilis, Haemulon aurolineatum and Malacoctenus delalandii were the most abundant species. “Carnivore” was the most species-rich category, and “Mobile Invertebrate Feeder” the most abundant. Nine species are added to the list of reef fishes of the Paraná state: Acanthurus coeruleus, Dactylopterus volitans, Epinephelus morio, Myrichthys breviceps, Ophioblennius trinitatis, Paraclinus spectator, Scorpaena brasiliensis, and Selene vomer.
Mammals of Serra do Cipó National Park, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Câmara E. M. V. C. , Oliveira L. C.
Published: April 2016

The mammals of the Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna Biome) are still poorly known; only a few localities have been properly surveyed and studied. Hereby, we present a survey of the mammals of Serra do Cipó National Park, a protected area of Cerrado in Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil. A total of 55 species from eight orders were listed, which have been captured, observed or recorded in the literature. Some mammals are endemic or listed as threatened either by IUCN’s red list or by the national and regional red lists. Serra do Cipó National Park is an important site for scientific research and conservation of Minas Gerais’ biodiversity, though there is little information on mammal diversity and distribution in the park. We hope our study can help us fill this gap and improve the effectiveness of this national park in protecting Cerrado mammals and other vertebrates.
Herpetofauna of the Reserva Extrativista do Rio Gregório, Juruá Basin, southwest Amazonia, Brazil
Authors: Pantoja Davi Lima , De Fraga Rafael
Published: April 2016

We present a checklist for reptiles and amphibians of the Reserva Extrativista do Rio Gregório, at the upper Juruá River basin, in the southwest Brazilian Amazonia. Using time-constrained searches, pitfall traps, vocalization, and accidental sightings, we recorded 84 species: 46 amphibians and 38 reptiles. Although analyses suggest still higher diversity, considering the short sampling time, relatively high species richness was documented, which reveals the relevance of this region for conservation. Species richness did not differ between upland and floodplain habitats. Species compositions were significant different between these habitat categories for amphibians and snakes, but not for lizards, suggesting some habitat preferences. Additionally, we found threatened and vulnerable species. We did not assess impacts of human activities on natural populations in RESEX do Rio Gregório, but since resident people have directly used natural resources (e.g. consuming turtles and modifying natural habitats), we recommend monitoring biodiversity to avoid negative impacts.