bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dasatinib plus Peg‐Interferon alpha 2b combination in newly diagnosed chronic phase chronic myeloid leukaemia: Results of a multicenter phase 2 study (DASA‐PegIFN study)
Authors: Roy Lydia , Chomel Jean‐Claude , Guilhot Joëlle , Guerci‐Bresler Agnès , Escoffre‐Barbe Martine , Giraudier Stéphane , Charbonnier Aude , Dubruille Viviane , Huguet Françoise , Johnson‐Ansah Hyacinthe , Lenain Pascal , Ame Shanti , Etienne Gabriel , Nicolini Franck E. , Rea Delphine , Cony‐Makhoul Pascale , Courby Stéphane , Ianotto Jean‐Christophe , Legros Laurence , Machet Antoine , Coiteux Valérie , Hermet Eric , Cayssials Emilie , Bouchet Stéphane , Mahon Francois‐Xavier , Rousselot Philippe , Guilhot François ,   the French CML Group (FiLMC)
Published: October 2022

Superior rates of deep molecular response (DMR) have been reported with the combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and pegylated‐interferon‐alpha (Peg‐IFN) in patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase‐chronic myeloid leukaemia (CP‐CML). In this setting, this study investigated the efficacy and safety of dasatinib combined to Peg‐IFN‐α2b (Dasa‐PegIFN, NCT01872442). A total of 79 patients (age ≤65 years) started dasatinib; 61 were eligible for Peg‐IFNα‐2b add‐on therapy at month 3 for a maximum 21‐months duration. Dasatinib was continued thereafter. The primary endpoint was the cumulative rate of molecular response 4.5 log (MR4.5) by 12 months. The results are reported for the 5‐year duration of the study. Grade 3 neutropenia was frequent with the combination but did not induce severe infection (one of grade 3). Other adverse events were generally low grade (4% of grade 3–4) and expected. Seventy‐nine per cent and 61% of patients continued the Peg‐IFN until months 12 and 24, respectively. Overall, at these time points, MR4.5 rates were 25% and 38%, respectively. Thereafter, 32% and 46% of patients achieved a sustained (≥2 years) MR4.5 or MR4, respectively. This work established the feasibility and high rates of achievement of early and sustained DMR (a prerequisite for treatment‐free‐remission) with dasatinib and Peg‐IFNα‐2b combination as initial therapy.
Developing visual tangible artefacts as an inclusive method for exploring digital activities with young people with learning disabilities
Authors: Weber Ditte Lystbæk , Brereton Margot , Kanstrup Anne Marie
Published: October 2022

Background

Young people with learning disabilities use many digital technologies to undertake meaningful and social activities in their everyday lives. Understanding these digital activities is essential for supporting their digital participation. Including them in exploring their digital activities can be challenging with conventional qualitative research methods, because digital activities are a complex and abstract topic to discuss, particularly for people with learning disabilities. In this paper, we present the rationale for developing and using visual tangible artefacts (VTAs) to include young people with learning disabilities in exploring their digital activities.

Methods

We devised a suite of VTAs to engage young people (aged 14–27 years) with learning disabilities in exploring their digital activities via interviews, diaries, and workshops. The VTAs comprised Talking Mats (TMs), probing with technology, digital snapshots and inspiration cards.

Findings

Our significant methodological findings were that VTAs are useful for exploring digital activities with young people with learning disabilities. TMs and probing with technology can engage participants to map, recall and explain their digital activities. Digital snapshots are valuable for validating findings with participants, and inspiration cards aid perspectives about digital aims. Although communication and abstract representations can be challenging for people with learning disabilities, VTAs that combine familiar, simple, intuitive, individualised, rewarding elements and collaboration with participants proved valuable for exploring their digital activities.

Conclusion

We concluded that VTAs are inclusive tools for exploring the digital activities of and with young people with learning disabilities. The VTAs allowed access to conversations, information and insights that are not obtainable otherwise. As such, the VTAs may be regarded as a new model for inclusive research in the field of disability and technology studies.
Civic science: Addressing racial inequalities in environmental and science, technology, engineering, and math education
Authors: Flanagan Constance , Gallay Erin E. , Pykett Alisa
Published: October 2022

Civic science (CS) is an approach to science learning and action in which youth determine issues of concern in their communities and use science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) knowledge and methods to address them. In this article, we focus on CS as it is applied to environmental concerns and enacted by children and youth in urban communities. Core CS practices include relevance of local place and culturally responsive principles for youth's learning and community contributions, egalitarian intergenerational partnerships with adults from community‐based organizations, teamwork and collective action, and public regard for youth's community environmental contributions. We discuss CS's potential to address the marginalization of youth from minoritized backgrounds in traditional STEM and environmental education. We also argue that the way CS frames science for the public good will prepare younger generations to meet 21st‐century environmental challenges.
Level of CSF CXCL10 is highly elevated and decreased after steroid therapy in patients with autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy
Authors: Kikuchi Takayuki , Takao Naoki , Sato Tomoo , Isahaya Kenji , Hino Sakae , Kaburagi Mayumi , Tachikawa Keiji , Ko Riyoko , Shibata Soichiro , Kaburagi Kei , Iijima Naoki , Mizukami Heisuke , Sakurai Kenzo , Yamauchi Junji , Kimura Akio , Shimohata Takayoshi , Yamano Yoshihisa
Published: October 2022

Objectives

To examine the chemokine profile in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP‐A), central nervous system immune‐related adverse event (CNS‐irAE), neurosarcoidosis (NS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and human T‐cell leukemia virus‐1 (HTLV‐1)‐associated myelopathy (HAM).

Methods

The study included 38 patients presenting to St. Marianna University Hospital between May 2013 and November 2021 with GFAP‐A, CNS‐irAE, NMOSD, MS, NS, HAM and noninflammatory neurological diseases (NIND). We recorded the age, sex, duration of disease, brain/spinal lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), blood data, and measured chemokines (CXCL9, −10, −13, CCL3, −4, −17, −20, −22) in CSF. In patients with GFAP‐A, clinical symptoms, and CSF CXCL10 levels were compared before and after steroid treatment.

Results

Patients with GFAP‐A had higher CSF levels of CXCL10, CXCL13, and CCL22 (10736.1 [8786.7–149079.0] pg/ml (p < .05), 378.4 [239.9–412.2] pg/ml (p < .01) and 159.9 [130.5–413.9] pg/ml (p < .01), respectively). The CSF levels of CXCL10 improved from 10736.1 [8786.7–149079.0] pg/ml to 1879.0 [783.9–4360.0] pg/ml in patients with GFAP‐A by steroid therapy.

Conclusion

CSF CXCL10 levels were particularly high in GFAP‐A, and changes in levels after treatment correlated with clinical improvements, suggesting CXCL10 involvement in GFAP‐A pathogenesis.
“People as normal as possible”. Analysis of the construction of subjects in materials for the prevention of gender violence among teenagers in Spain
Authors: Coll‐Planas Gerard , San Martín Conchi
Published: October 2022

In educational materials about the reality of gender violence among teenagers, there are many explicit and implicit choices when constructing the subjects. This study analyses how the figures of victim and aggressor are constructed, in relation to three aspects: the construction of the aggressor‐victim binomial in relation to gender; what agency is attributed to women and men in the reproduction or transformation of gender violence; and whether the subjects are presented as falsely universal or as occupying specific positions in relation to other axes of inequality. The fieldwork is based on the study of materials for the prevention of gender violence among youths published in Spain between 2010 and 2020, which illustrate different discursive frameworks present in the context. Mainstream materials establish the male aggressor/female victim binomial but leave room to show other subjective positions of teenage boys and girls. Moreover, they create ‘the paradox of agency’ since all responsibility is attributed to the men in the maintenance of a violent relationship, but in the resolution of the violent situation, all responsibility is attributed to women. Intersectionality was named in the majority of texts but heterosexual, cisgender, and autochthonous subjects tended to be constructed as falsely universal, under the pretext of wanting to avoid stigmatising specific social groups.
Incidental pulmonary embolism in cancer and noncancer patients: Prospective cohort study
Authors: Wysokinska Ewa M. , Houghton Damon E. , Vlazny Danielle T. , Ashrani Aneel A. , Froehling David A. , Meverden Ryan , Hodge David O. , Peterson Lisa G. , McBane Robert D. , Wysokinski Waldemar E. , Casanegra Ana I.
Published: October 2022

Background

Clinical picture and outcome of incidental pulmonary embolism (iPE) compared to symptomatic pulmonary embolism (sPE) remain unclear.

Methods

Demographics, recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE), mortality, major bleeding, and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (CRNMB) were compared between iPE and sPE patients who were followed prospectively at Mayo Thrombophilia Clinic (March 1, 2013 to August 1, 2020).

Results

Out of 3576 VTE patients, 1417 (39.6%) had PE: 562 (39.7%) iPE and 855 sPE. Patients with cancer were more likely to have iPE (400 iPE vs. 314 sPE) compared to those without cancer (162 iPE vs. 541 sPE). VTE recurrence rate (all per 100 person‐years) was similar in all iPE and sPE patients (3.34 vs. 3.68, p = .50), with cancer (4.16 vs. 4.89, p = .370), and without cancer patients (0.89 vs. 2.80, p = .25). Higher mortality observed in all patients with iPE compared to sPE (46.45 vs. 23.47, p < .001) and with cancer (56.41 vs. 45.77, p = .03) became not significant after adjustment for age, antiplatelet therapy, metastases, and cancer location. Noncancer iPE patients had higher mortality (15.95 vs. 7.18, p = .006) even after adjustment (p = .05). The major bleeding rate was also higher in all patients iPE compared to sPE (7.10 vs. 3.68, p = .03), but not after adjustment (p = .974); higher major bleeding rate in noncancer patients (6.49 vs. 1.25, p = .007) remained significant after adjustment (.02). CRNMB rate was similar to iPE and sPE patients.

Conclusion

iPE represents a more serious clinical condition compared to sPE as indicated by the higher mortality and major bleeding but these differences reflect underlying comorbidities rather than the seriousness of the embolic event.
Scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia: Age‐dependent performance of healthy adults
Authors: Grobe‐Einsler Marcus , Schmidt Alina , Schaprian Tamara , Vogt Ina R. , Klockgether Thomas
Published: October 2022

Background and purpose

The Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) is a widely used clinical scale. The objective was to study the age dependence of SARA in healthy adults and to define age‐specific cut‐off values to differentiate healthy from ataxic individuals.

Methods

Data from 390 healthy individuals and 119 spinocerebellar ataxia patients were analyzed. SARA scores were mapped on functional SARA (fSARA). Age‐adjusted cut‐off values were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

The cut‐off value was 3 for SARA and 1.5 for fSARA. Older patients had higher SARA cut‐off values (4.5 for 60–69 years and 6.5 for 70–79 years). Age‐adjusted cut‐off values for fSARA are 1 for 18–29, 30–39 and 50–59 years, 2 for 40–49 and 60–69 years and 3 for 70–79 years. Sensitivity and specificity were higher for SARA than for fSARA.

Conclusion

In this study, age‐dependent cut‐off values were defined for SARA and fSARA. The results may be relevant for the design of future preventive trials in spinocerebellar ataxias that use conversion to ataxia as an outcome.
Utility and challenges of using whole‐genome resequencing to detect emerging insect and mite resistance in agroecosystems
Authors: Fritz Megan L.
Published: October 2022

Arthropods that invade agricultural ecosystems systematically evolve resistance to the control measures used against them, and this remains a significant and ongoing challenge for sustainable food production systems. Early detection of resistance evolution could prompt remedial action to slow the spread of resistance alleles in the landscape. Historical approaches used to detect emerging resistance included phenotypic monitoring of agricultural pest populations, as well as monitoring of allele frequency changes at one or a few candidate pesticide resistance genes. In this article, I discuss the successes and limitations of these traditional monitoring approaches and then consider whether whole‐genome scanning could be applied to samples collected from agroecosystems over time for resistance monitoring. I examine the qualities of agroecosystems that could impact application of this approach to pesticide resistance monitoring and describe a recent retrospective analysis where genome scanning successfully detected an oligogenic response to selection by pesticides years prior to pest management failure. I conclude by considering areas of further study that will shed light on the feasibility of applying whole‐genome scanning for resistance risk monitoring in agricultural pest species.
Maternal satisfaction with joint and sole child physical placement arrangements following separation in Wisconsin and Finland
Authors: Riser Quentin H. , Haapanen Mari , Bartfeld Judith , Berger Lawrence M. , Hakovirta Mia , Meyer Daniel , Miettinen Anneli
Published: October 2022

Families (and sometimes courts) make important decisions regarding child physical custody arrangements post‐separation, and shared parenting arrangements are increasingly common in most developed countries. Shared arrangements may be differentially associated with parental satisfaction, and these associations may vary across countries. Using data from surveys of separated mothers in Wisconsin and Finland, the present study explores this possibility and is guided by three aims: (a) to identify child and family characteristics associated with sole and shared child placements 6 or more years after separation; (b) to estimate associations of children's post‐separation placements with maternal satisfaction with placements and expense sharing; (c) to examine whether the relationship between post‐separation placement and maternal satisfaction varies by mothers' earnings and the quality of parents' relationships. We find that Finnish mothers with shared placement are more satisfied with their placement than are their counterparts with sole placement, while we find the inverse is true for Wisconsin mothers. Moreover, parental satisfaction with shared placement, overall and relative to sole placement, varies greatly depending on the quality of a mother's relationship with the other parent; and differences in relationship quality in Wisconsin and Finland may help explain the difference in satisfaction with shared placement in the two locations. In both Finland and Wisconsin, we find mothers with shared placement are more satisfied with the way expenses are shared between parents than are mothers with sole placement. Associations between placement and satisfaction are robust to extensive controls for child and maternal characteristics.
The protective effect of 3‐indolepropanoic acid on aflatoxin B1‐induced systemic perturbation of the liver and kidney function in rats
Authors: Owumi Solomon E. , Arunsi Uche O. , Oyelere Adegboyega K.
Published: October 2022

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is known to derange the hepatorenal system by redox, DNA adduct formation and apoptotic networks. Endogenous 3‐indole propionic acid (3‐IPA) is a metabolite of tryptophan metabolism by gut microbiota that can protect against redox imbalance, inflammation and cellular lipid damage. We investigated the beneficial effect of 3‐IPA against AFB1‐mediated organ toxicity in male rats post 28 days of consecutive treatment. The 3‐IPA (25 and 50 mg/kg) was orally administered alongside AFB1 (50 μg/kg) treatment. Biochemical and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays were utilised to examine biomarkers of hepatorenal function, oxidative status and inflammation. DNA damage and apoptosis were also assessed, and histological staining techniques were used to investigate hepatorenal tissues for pathological indicators. The 3‐IPA supplementation abated AFB1‐mediated increases in biomarkers of hepatic and renal dysfunction in rat serum. Co‐administration of 3‐IPA further reduced AFB1‐induced redox imbalance (by upregulating antioxidant mediators and enzymes [GSH, TSH, Trx, Trx‐R, SOD, CAT, GPx and GST]; reducing reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and DNA adduct [RONS, LPO and 8‐OH‐dG] formation; suppressing pro‐inflammatory and apoptotic mediators [XO, MPO, NO, IL‐1β and Casp −9 and −3]; and upregulating the level of interleukin 10 (IL‐10). Moreover, treatment with 3‐IPA lessened hepatorenal tissue injuries. These findings suggest that augmenting 3‐IPA endogenously from tryptophan metabolism may provide a novel strategy to forestall xenobiotics‐mediated hepatorenal toxicity, including AFB1.
Financial development and the effect of cross‐border bank flows on house prices
Authors: Romero Néstor , Cho Sungjun , Hyde Stuart
Published: October 2022

We analyze the role of financial development as a buffer to diminish the effect of cross‐border bank flows shocks on house prices across 38 countries. In less financially developed countries, the observed response is markedly positive. As development increases, the response is tempered and becomes less important. Cross‐border bank flows shocks are important in explaining the historical dynamics of house prices in financially less developed countries, while monetary policy shocks are key in the most financially developed markets. Heterogeneity in responses within each level of financial development is associated with levels of maximum loan‐to‐value ratios and a ratio of cross‐border bank inflows over total liabilities abroad.
Investigating oral health‐related quality of life in patients with ischaemic stroke in China
Authors: Li Ying , Huang Qiyuan , Ge Song , Wu Bei , Tang Xianping
Published: October 2022

Objective

The objective of the study was to explore factors associated with oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with ischaemic stroke in China, guided by the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and Andersen’s oral health outcome model.

Background

Recent studies have reported that the prevalence of stroke is increasing and that stroke patients are facing many oral health related problems. This study provided insights into the role of TPB in the OHRQoL among patients with ischaemic stroke.

Materials and methods

Three hundred eight patients with ischaemic stroke from the Department of Neurology of a third‐grade class‐A hospital in Xuzhou, China, were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study between June and September 2020. They completed a questionnaire that included information on socio‐demographic characteristics and health behaviours, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, the Modified Rankin Scale and the Chinese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 scale (OHIP‐14). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine the association among the selected variables based on the TPB and Andersen’s oral health outcome model.

Results

Among the participants (mean age 65.6), most (57.5%) were male. Their mean OHIP‐14 score was 13.3 ± 7.6. Based on the SEM path diagram, behavioural attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control of oral health were positively associated with intention; intention was associated with OHRQoL. The degree of disability was negatively associated with intention. Cognitive function was positively associated with OHRQoL.

Conclusion

The OHRQoL of hospitalised patients with ischaemic stroke in China is fair to poor and affected by their oral health behaviours. Improved oral health behavioural attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control might help them form good intentions and improve their OHRQoL.
Employee choice of voice and non‐union worker representation
Authors: Donaghey Jimmy , Cullinane Niall , Dundon Tony , Dobbins Tony , Hickland Eugene
Published: October 2022

Existing research emphasises employer choice in determining the form and content of non‐union employee representation (NER) structures. This article puts forward an alternative but complementary thesis: we conceptualise NERs as an ‘offer’ that employees can choose to either accept or reject, with several shades of settlement in between. This article argues that employee choice matters insofar as it determines the likely impact and sustainability of the NER offering. Contributing an original typology of employee choices and the associated prospects for the NER, we illustrate our argument via six workplace case studies assessing NER trajectory.
Grain‐orientation‐engineered PMN‐10PT ceramics for electrocaloric applications
Authors: Cheng Li‐Qian , Ma Zhenhua , Lu Jingtong , Jiang Guozheng , Chen Kai
Published: October 2022

The electrical properties of ferroelectric materials depend on their crystal orientations. The 〈001〉 and 〈111〉 textured 0.90Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.10PbTiO3 (PMN‐10PT) ceramics were synthesized using a template grain growth method and conventional solid sintering process. The Lotgering factors of the 〈001〉 and 〈111〉 textured PMN‐10PT ceramics with 5% anisotropic BaTiO3 (BT) precursors were 95% and 87%, respectively. The influence of grain orientation direction on dielectric properties was investigated, revealing that the permittivity of textured PMN‐10PT ceramics (εr〈001〉 = 12200, εr〈111〉 = 11800) was lower than that of random ceramics (εr = 18700). Electrocaloric (EC) responses of the random and textured samples were analyzed using an indirect polarization‐deduced method based on Maxwell's equations. When the applied field was 50 kV cm−1, the 〈111〉 textured ceramics exhibited an enhanced adiabatic temperature change of 1.30 K, which was 20% higher than that of the random samples. In addition, the EC performance of the 〈111〉 oriented samples was significantly improved compared to that of the 〈001〉 oriented ones. This work characterizes the grain‐orientation‐dependent EC responses in the PMN‐PT system, which would be a promising approach to EC response improvement in ferroelectric ceramics.
Global burden of atrial fibrillation/flutter due to high systolic blood pressure from 1990 to 2019: estimates from the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Jin Yaqiong , Wang Keke , Xiao Bing , Wang Mengxiao , Gao Xueying , Zhang Jie , Lu Jingchao
Published: October 2022

Atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFL) has progressed to be a public health concern, and high systolic blood pressure (HSBP) remains the leading risk factor for AF/AFL. This study estimated the HSBP attributable AF/AFL burden based on the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. Numbers, age‐standardized rates (ASR) of deaths, disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), and corresponding estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were analyzed by age, sex, sociodemographic index (SDI), and locations. Gini coefficient was calculated to evaluate health inequality. Globally, HSBP‐related AF/AFL caused 107 091 deaths and 3 337 876 DALYs in 2019, an increase of 142.5% and 105.9% from 1990, respectively. The corresponding mortality and DALYs ASR declined by 5.8% and 7.7%. High‐income Asia Pacific experienced the greatest decrease in mortality and DALYs ASR, whereas the largest increase was observed in Andean Latin America. Almost half of the HSBP‐related AF/AFL burden was carried by high and high‐middle SDI regions, and it was experiencing a shift to lower SDI regions. A negative correlation was detected between EAPC and SDI. Females and elderly people tended to have a higher AF/AFL burden, whereas young adults (30–49 years old) experienced an annual increase in AF/AFL burden. The Gini index of DALYs rate decreased from 0.224 in 1990 to 0.183 in 2019. Despite improved inequality having been observed over the past decades, the HSBP‐related AF/AFL burden varied across regions, sexes, and ages. Cost‐effective preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic tools are required to be implemented in less developed regions.
A Factor Mixture Model for Item Responses and Certainty of Response Indices to Identify Student Knowledge Profiles
Authors: Chen Chia‐Wen , Andersson Björn , Zhu Jinxin
Published: October 2022

The certainty of response index (CRI) measures respondents' confidence level when answering an item. In conjunction with the answers to the items, previous studies have used descriptive statistics and arbitrary thresholds to identify student knowledge profiles with the CRIs. Whereas this approach overlooked the measurement error of the observed item responses and indices, we address this by proposing a factor mixture model that integrates a latent class model to detect student subgroups and a measurement model to control for student ability and confidence level. Applying the model to 773 seventh graders' responses to an algebra test, where some items were related to new material that had not been taught in class, we found two subgroups: (1) students who had high confidence in answering items involving the new material; and (2) students who had low confidence in answering items involving the new material but higher general self‐confidence than the first group. We regressed the posterior probability of the group membership on gender, prior achievement, and preview behavior and found preview behavior a significant factor associated with the membership. Finally, we discussed the implications of the current study for teaching practices and future research.
Successful aging after elective surgery II: Study design and methods
Authors: Hshieh Tammy T. , Schmitt Eva M. , Fong Tamara G. , Arnold Steve , Cavallari Michele , Dickerson Bradford C. , Dillon Simon T. , Jones Richard N. , Libermann Towia A. , Marcantonio Edward R. , Pascual‐Leone Alvaro , Shafi Mouhsin M. , Touroutoglou Alexandra , Travison Thomas G. , Gou Ray Yun , Tommet Douglas , Abdeen Ayesha , Earp Brandon , Kunze Lisa , Lange Jeffrey , Vlassakov Kamen , Inouye Sharon K. ,   for the SAGES II Study Team
Published: October 2022

Background

The Successful Aging after Elective Surgery (SAGES) II study was designed to increase knowledge of the pathophysiology and linkages between delirium and dementia. We examine novel biomarkers potentially associated with delirium, including inflammation, Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and neurodegeneration, neuroimaging markers, and neurophysiologic markers. The goal of this paper is to describe the study design and methods for the SAGES II study.

Methods

The SAGES II study is a 5‐year prospective observational study of 400–420 community dwelling persons, aged 65 years and older, assessed prior to scheduled surgery and followed daily throughout hospitalization to observe for development of delirium and other clinical outcomes.

Delirium is measured with the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), long form, after cognitive testing. Cognitive function is measured with a detailed neuropsychologic test battery, summarized as a weighted composite, the General Cognitive Performance (GCP) score. Other key measures include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)/electroencephalography (EEG), and Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. We describe the eligibility criteria, enrollment flow, timing of assessments, and variables collected at baseline and during repeated assessments at 1, 2, 6, 12, and 18 months.

Results

This study describes the hospital and surgery‐related variables, delirium, long‐term cognitive decline, clinical outcomes, and novel biomarkers. In inter‐rater reliability assessments, the CAM ratings (weighted kappa = 0.91, 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.74–1.0) in 50 paired assessments and GCP ratings (weighted kappa = 0.99, 95% CI 0.94–1.0) in 25 paired assessments. We describe procedures for data quality assurance and Covid‐19 adaptations.

Conclusions

This complex study presents an innovative effort to advance our understanding of the inter‐relationship between delirium and dementia via novel biomarkers, collected in the context of major surgery in older adults. Strengths include the integration of MRI, TMS/EEG, PET modalities, and high‐quality longitudinal data.
Proton pump inhibitors‐related subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus: Clinical characteristics, management, and outcome
Authors: Deng Zhenzhen , Guo Aiyuan , Wu Cuifang , Wang Chunjiang
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Previous knowledge about the association between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) exposure and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) was mainly based on limited case reports or few review studies. We aim to evaluate the clinical characteristics, management, and outcome in patients with PPIs‐induced SCLE.

Methods

Case reports and case series from 2000 to December 31, 2021, on SCLE induced by PPIs were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

Results

A total of 29 patients (6 male and 23 female) were included from 19 studies, the median age was 61 years (range 19–85), and 65.5% of patients were ≥60 years old. 37.9% of patients had the history of autoimmune diseases. The incubation period of PPIs intro to SCLE was 6 weeks for PPI‐naive patients and 2 weeks for those re‐administration of PPIs. The most common symptoms were annular and polycyclic erythematous (74.1%), rash or maculopapular (48.1%), and scaly plaques (40.7%). Trunk (69.2%), extremities (69.2%), face (26.9%), chest (26.9%), and back (26.9%) were common involved locations. Antinuclear antibodies, anti‐Ro/SSA antibodies, and anti‐La/SSB antibodies were positive in 24 patients (82.8%), 24 patients (82.8%), and 6 patients (20.7%), respectively. Direct immunofluorescence was positive in 50% of cases. Complete clinical remission (92.6%) was observed (median time: 4 weeks) with discontinuation of PPIs and treatment of oral corticosteroids (61.1%), hydroxychloroquine (44.4%), or topical steroids (16.7%).

Conclusion

PPIs‐related SCLE is a rare adverse reaction based on clinical manifestations associated with immunological abnormalities and suggestive histological findings. PPIs should be suspected when considering possible culprits for drug‐related SCLE.
Significance of positive peritoneal cytology for recurrence and survival in patients with endometrial cancer
Authors: Ueno Yuta , Toyoshima Masafumi , Shigemi Daisuke , Yumori Asuna , Wakabayashi Reina , Kitagawa Masakazu , Konnai Katsuyuki , Onose Ryo , Suzuki Shunji , Kato Hisamori
Published: October 2022

Aim

This study aims to examine the association between malignant peritoneal cytology and prognosis in women with endometrial cancer.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the records of patients with endometrial cancer who underwent surgery with intraoperative peritoneal cytology at our hospital between January 1988 and December 2012. All results were reclassified according to the 2009 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) system, and the relation between intraoperative peritoneal cytology results and recurrence and prognosis was examined.

Results

Of the 908 patients analyzed, 205 (22.6%) had positive peritoneal cytology. Patients with positive peritoneal cytology had significantly lower rates of recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than those in the negative cytology group (both p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis of patients with FIGO stage I/II showed significantly lower RFS in the positive‐cytology group (p = 0.005), but there was no significant difference in OS (p = 0.637). In the patients with FIGO stage III/IV or patients classified as “high risk,” the RFS and OS were significantly lower in the positive‐cytology group (both p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis identified positive peritoneal cytology as a significant predictor of recurrence in patients with FIGO stage I/II disease.

Conclusions

Patients with positive peritoneal cytology for endometrial cancer have a high risk of recurrence, regardless of histopathologic type or FIGO stage. Peritoneal cytology has already been removed from the 2009 FIGO classification of endometrial cancer, but it may deserve reconsideration.
Second Language Learning via Syntactic Priming: Investigating the Role of Modality, Attention, and Motivation
Authors: Coumel Marion , Ushioda Ema , Messenger Katherine
Published: October 2022

We examined whether input modality and individual differences in attention and motivation influence second language (L2) learning via syntactic priming. In an online study, we compared the primed production of English passives by 235 L2 and native English speakers in reading‐to‐writing versus listening‐to‐writing conditions. We measured immediate priming (producing passives immediately after exposure to passives) and short‐ and long‐term learning (producing more passives in immediate and 1‐week delayed posttests relative to pretests). Both groups showed immediate priming and short‐ and long‐term learning, although L2 speakers produced more passives with immediate priming and showed greater long‐term learning. Learning was unaffected by modality, but immediate priming was greatest in the listening‐to‐writing condition across groups. Individual differences in attention and motivation did not influence priming or learning. Thus, syntactic priming fosters long‐term L2 learning regardless of input modality, but participants may be sensitive to the frequency of passives in spoken versus written language during immediate priming.
Disruption of plant plasma membrane by Nep1‐like proteins in pathogen–plant interactions
Authors: Pirc Katja , Albert Isabell , Nürnberger Thorsten , Anderluh Gregor
Published: October 2022

Lipid membrane destruction by microbial pore‐forming toxins (PFTs) is a ubiquitous mechanism of damage to animal cells, but is less prominent in plants. Nep1‐like proteins (NLPs) secreted by phytopathogens that cause devastating crop diseases, such as potato late blight, represent the only family of microbial PFTs that effectively damage plant cells by disrupting the integrity of the plant plasma membrane. Recent research has elucidated the molecular mechanism of NLP‐mediated membrane damage, which is unique among microbial PFTs and highly adapted to the plant membrane environment. In this review, we cover recent insight into how NLP cytolysins damage plant membranes and cause cell death.
hsa_circ_0000264 promotes tumor progression via the hsa‐let‐7b‐5p/HMGA2 axis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xue Feifei , Feng Hongjie , Wang Tianxiao , Feng Guanying , Ni Nan , Wang Ruixia , Yuan Hua
Published: October 2022

Objective

Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are involved in various tumors. However, their role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is unknown. CircRNA sequencing data showed that hsa_circ_0000264 is significantly upregulated in HNSCC tissues. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0000264 in HNSCC and elucidate its underlying regulation mechanism.

Materials and Methods

RNase R treatment was performed to confirm the loop structure of hsa_circ_0000264. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to show the subcellular localization of hsa_circ_0000264. We then performed wound healing assay, Transwell assay, Western blot, and in vivo experiments to determine the effect of alterations in hsa_circ_0000264 expression. We performed RNA pull‐down and dual luciferase reporter assay to identify and confirm the binding sites in RNAs.

Results

hsa_circ_0000264 was upregulated in HNSCC tissues and cells, and its loop structure was confirmed. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0000264 inhibited the migration, invasion, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of HNSCC cells in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_000026 upregulation can upregulate the expression of high mobility group AT‐hook 2 (HMGA2) by sponging hsa‐let‐7b‐5p, which in turn promotes HNSCC progression.

Conclusion

Our results showed that hsa_circ_0000264 promotes HNSCC progression via the hsa‐let‐7b‐5p/HMGA2 axis, and hsa_circ_0000264 can serve as a potential target for HNSCC treatment.
Subcutaneous versus transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators in children and young adults: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Vetta Giampaolo , Parlavecchio Antonio , Magnocavallo Michele , Valente Debora , Caminiti Rodolfo , Polselli Marco , Vetta Francesco , Cirone Donatello , Cauti Filippo Maria , Crea Pasquale , Rossi Pietro , Chierchia Gian Battista , Bianchi Stefano , de Asmundis Carlo , Natale Andrea , Della Rocca Domenico Giovanni
Published: October 2022

Introduction

The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has been demonstrated to successfully prevent sudden cardiac death (SCD) in children and young adults. A wide range of device‐related complications/malfunctions have been described, which depend on the intrinsic design of the defibrillation system (transvenous‐implantable cardioverter defibrillator [TV‐ICD] vs. subcutaneous‐implantable cardioverter defibrillator [S‐ICD]).

Objective

To compare the device‐related complications and inappropriate shocks with TV‐ICD versus S‐ICD.

Methods and Results

Electronic databases were queried for studies focusing on the prevention of SCD in children and young adults with TV‐ICD or S‐ICD. The effect size was estimated using a random‐effect model as odds ratio (OR) and relative 95% confidence interval (CI). The primary endpoint was a composite of any device‐related complications and inappropriate shocks. We identified a total of five studies including 236 patients (Group S‐ICD: 76 patients; Group TV‐ICD: 160 patients) with a mean follow‐up time of 54.2 ± 24.9 months. S‐ICD implantation contributed to a significant reduction in the risk of the primary endpoint of any device‐related complications and inappropriate shocks (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.05–0.73; p = .02). S‐ICD was also associated with a significantly lower incidence of inappropriate shocks (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.11–0.74; p = .01) and lead‐related complications (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.05–0.66; p = .01). A trend toward a higher risk of pocket complications (OR: 5.91; 95% CI: 0.98–35.63; p = .05) was recorded in patients with S‐ICD.

Conclusion

Children and young adults undergoing S‐ICD implantation may have a lower risk of a composite of device‐related complications and inappropriate shocks, compared to TV‐ICD patients.
Prenatal, perinatal, postnatal risk factors, and excess screen time in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Güneş Hatice , Tanıdır Canan , Doktur Hilal , Yılmaz Seheryeli , Yıldız Deniz , Özbek Fatih , Bozbey Sema , Özşirin Gülşah
Published: October 2022

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate pre‐, peri‐, and postnatal factors, screen time in a group of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and age and sex‐matched clinical controls to evaluate risk factors specific to ASD.

Methods

The study included 211 ASD patients (177 boys, 34 girls; mean age 44.3 ± 13.0 months) and 241 (190 boys, 51 girls; mean age 44.6 ± 14.1 months) age and sex group matched clinical controls. Non‐ASD diagnoses were expressive language disorder (n = 135, 56.0%), intellectual disability (n = 15, 6.2%), attention deficit‐hyperactivity disorder (n = 6, 2.4%), oppositional disorder (n = 6, 2.4%), and other behavioral or emotional problems (no diagnosis; n = 79, 32.8%). A sociodemographic data form was used to collect data regarding pre‐, peri‐, and postnatal factors and total daily screen exposure.

Results

According to our findings, maternal severe psychological stress and depression during pregnancy, and maternal postpartum depression were more frequent in the ASD group (p = 0.005, p = 0.035, and p = 0.001 respectively). There was a statistically significant difference between groups with regards to maternal any medication use during pregnancy (p = 0.004). The mean duration of daily screen exposure was higher in the ASD group (9.90 ± 5.10 h) compared to non‐ASD children (4.46 ± 3.40 h; p < 0.001). A ROC curve showed that 8.5 h and above total daily screen exposure (AUC = 0.808 [95% CI: 0.769–0.848], p < 0.001; 55% sensitivity, 90.5% specificity) is likely to be associated with increased risk for ASD.

Conclusion

Our study suggests that prenatal maternal psychological stress, prenatal and postpartum depression, and excess exposure to screen might be related to an increased risk for ASD.
Implications of refrigerator management on subjective memory complaints among Japanese community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Ikeda Yuriko , Maruta Michio , Han Gwanghee , Miyata Hironori , Nakamura Atsushi , Shimokihara Suguru , Tabira Takayuki
Published: October 2022

Aim

Older adults with subjective memory complaints (SMC) may experience very minor difficulties in daily activities. Although caregivers and occupational therapists who support community‐dwelling older adults are aware of the existence of characteristic behaviours related to refrigerator management, no specific studies have been conducted. This study aimed to examine the implications of refrigerator management for older adults with SMC.

Methods

A self‐administered questionnaire was sent to 3000 randomly selected members of Consumer's Co‐operative Kagoshima. Of the returned responses, a total of 282 older adults were analyzed. Analyzed subjects were divided into two groups: SMC (+) group (n = 74) and SMC (−) group (n = 192). A questionnaire was created by four occupational therapists and used to assess the characteristics of analyzed subjects and their abilities to manage the refrigerator. The observation list for early signs of dementia was also utilised. A multiple logistic analysis was performed to examine the association between SMC and refrigerator management.

Results

The SMC (+) group had a significantly higher number of refrigerator management errors than the SMC (−) group (P = 0.008). The SMC (+) group had more errors than the SMC (−) group in the following four items regarding refrigerator management; the refrigerator has a lot of the same foods / expired food, the person does not know what's in the refrigerator, the person cannot find what he/she needs in the refrigerator. Moreover, SMC was associated with the item ‘the person does not know what is in the refrigerator’ (odds ratio 7.44, 95% CI 1.51–43.8, P = 0.02).

Conclusions

Our results showed that older adults with SMC had several problems regarding refrigerator management. Evaluating refrigerator management among older adults with SMC may help consider multifaceted support.
Comparison the effects of 5‐Aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine and zebularine on the in vitro development, blastocyst quality, methylation pattern and conception rate on handmade cloned buffalo embryos
Authors: Saha Ambikaprasanna , Chauhan Manmohan S. , Manik Radhey S. , Palta Prabhat , Singla Suresh K.
Published: October 2022

In this study we treated the handmade cloned (HMC) buffalo embryos with the DNA methylation inhibitors; 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (AzadC) or Zebularine individually after post‐fusion and during in vitro culture till eighth day. The blastocysts production rate significantly improved (p < .01) after treating embryos independently with 5 nM AzadC and 5 nM zebularine compared with 2 and 10 nM AzadC or zebularine groups, respectively. The highest cleavage rates were obtained for 5 nM treatment of AzadC and zebularine compared with other treatments and untreated control group. Quality of blastocysts were evaluated using total cell number (TCN) and the ratio of number of inner cell mass (ICM) cells/total cell number (ICM/TCN). Zebularine treatments (2/5/10 nM) significantly improved both TCN and ICM/TCN ratio compared with AzadC treatments (2/5/10 nM); however, control group TCN and ICM/TCN ratio was found lower. The methylation percentage of pDS4.1 and B. bubalis satellite DNA were comparatively more attenuated with 5 nM zebularine than 5 nM AzadC treatment. The increased in vitro development rates of the treated embryos were correlated with the decreased level of DNA methylation and the improved blastocyst quality. Following transfer of 5 nM zebularine treated embryos to 6 recipients, 4 were found to be pregnant, though the pregnancies were not carried to full term.
The cumulative effect of methacholine on large and small airways when deep inspirations are avoided
Authors: Henry Cyndi , Boucher Magali , Boulay Marie‐Ève , Côté Andréanne , Boulet Louis‐Philippe , Bossé Ynuk
Published: October 2022

Background and Objective

The effect of serial incremental concentrations of methacholine is only slightly cumulative when assessed by spirometry. This limited cumulative effect may be attributed to the bronchodilator effect of deep inspirations that are required between concentrations to measure lung function. Using oscillometry, the response to methacholine can be measured without deep inspirations. Conveniently, oscillometry can also dissociate the contribution of large versus small airways. Herein, oscillometry was used to assess the cumulative effect of methacholine in the absence of deep inspirations on large and small airways.

Methods

Healthy and asthmatic volunteers underwent a multiple‐concentration methacholine challenge on visit 1 and a single‐concentration challenge on visit 2 using the highest concentration of visit 1. The maximal response was compared between visits to assess the cumulative effect of methacholine. The lung volume was also measured after the final concentration to assess hyperinflation.

Results

In both healthy and asthmatic subjects, increases in resistance at 19 Hz (Rrs19), reflecting large airway narrowing, did not differ between the multiple‐ and the single‐concentration challenge. However, increases in resistance at 5 Hz (Rrs5) minus Rrs19, reflecting small airway narrowing, were 117 and 270% greater in the multiple‐ than the single‐concentration challenge in healthy (p = 0.006) and asthmatic (p < 0.0001) subjects, respectively. Hyperinflation occurred with both challenges and was greater in the multiple‐ than the single‐concentration challenge in both groups.

Conclusion

Without deep inspirations, the effect of methacholine is cumulative on small airways but not on large airways. Lung hyperinflation and derecruitment may partially explain these different responses.