bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracranial ultrasound following mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute stroke
Authors: Roesler Jennifer , Haertl Johanna , Wunderlich Silke , Boeckh‐Behrens Tobias , Maegerlein Christian , Bartels Eva , Ikenberg Benno
Published: December 2021

Background and Purpose

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is standard care for patients suffering from an ischemic stroke due to a large vessel occlusion. Immediate and follow‐up transcranial ultrasound examinations after MT were shown to have a diagnostic benefit. However, it is unclear whether repeated extracranial ultrasound after MT has an additional diagnostic yield, that is, depicts new findings.

Methods

Retrospectively, from our prospective database we identified all patients after MT who presented for a follow‐up examination between January 2017 and March 2020 and who had received an ultrasound examination after MT and at follow‐up. Clinical data were extracted from our database. Ultrasound images of all patients were revisited to identify new findings at follow‐up compared to examination after MT.

Results

Ninety‐one patients were identified appropriate for further analysis, with a mean age of 67.8 ± 16 years. Median National Institute of Health Stroke Scale at admission was 11 ± 8.5 points. At baseline ultrasound, 18 patients (19.8%) had no atherosclerotic alterations and 73 patients (82.2%) had a plaque burden of ≥1 plaque. During follow‐up, in 5 patients (5.5%) a pathological finding presented in first examination evolved dynamically, that is, normalized. Vessel status of all other patients was stable, especially, in no patient a new relevant pathological finding occurred.

Conclusions

Although sonographic normalization of pathologic findings was observed, pathologic new findings were not detected during follow‐up. This study provides first data for a discussion of the role of ultrasound in a structured stroke care after MT. However, larger studies are required to improve the understanding.
Trends in mental health presentations in a south Australian tertiary emergency department
Authors: Goldfinch Christopher , Kochar Amit
Published: December 2021

Aim

Limited recent interstate evidence suggests an increase in paediatric mental health presentations to emergency departments in Australia. We set out to confirm this and whether any specific diagnosis was responsible for this increase.

Methods

We identified all patients with mental health presentations aged 6–18 years who attended our tertiary emergency department from January 2006 to June 2019 using our emergency department patient record system. Patients were determined to have a mental health presentation if they had a discharge diagnosis or presenting complaint code that corresponded to a mental health disorder or were referred to the mental health team. For analysis, we divided the 13.5‐year duration of our study into three periods of 4.5 years.

Results

Comparing the first and last time periods, there was a 156% increase in mental health presentations over 9 years. This was out of proportion to the increase in combined general and mental health presentations of 11.9%. There was an increase in the proportion of patients who were diagnosed with an adjustment disorder (14–26.6%) or a childhood emotional disorder (8.5–20.8%). Additionally, there was an increase in median wait time and a reduction in the proportion of patients seen within their recommended triage time.

Conclusion

There is a large increase in the number of paediatric mental health presentations to our emergency department. Further resources may need to be allocated to mental health services in the community and in the emergency department.
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors in preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Donati P. , Tarducci A. , Zanatta R. , Verdier N. , Belerenian G. , Cordero I. , Villalta C. , Franco J. , Tarragona L.
Published: December 2021

Objectives

To determine the efficacy and adverse events of the administration of angiotensin‐­converting enzyme inhibitors for the management of preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive search using Pubmed/MEDLINE, LILACS and CAB abstracts databases was performed. Randomised clinical trials that assessed efficacy and adverse events of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors for the management of preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs were included. Certainty of evidence was rated using GRADE methods.

Results

Four randomised clinical trials were included. While safe, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors administration to dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and cardiomegaly results in little to no difference in the risk of development congestive heart failure (high certainty of evidence; relative risk: 1.03; 95% confidence interval: 0.87 to 1.23) and may result in little to no difference in cardiovascular‐related (low certainty of evidence; relative risk: 1.01; 95% confidence interval: 0.54 to 1.89) and all‐cause mortality (low certainty of evidence; relative risk: 0.93; 95% confidence interval: 0.63 to 1.36). Administration of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors to dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease without cardiomegaly may result in a reduced risk of congestive heart failure development. However, the range in which the actual effect for this outcome may be, the “margin of error,” indicates it might also increase the risk of congestive heart failure development (low certainty of evidence; relative risk: 0.86; 95% confidence interval: 0.54 to 1.35).

Clinical Significance

Administration of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors to dogs with ­preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease and cardiomegaly results in little to no difference in the risk of the development of congestive heart failure and may result in little to no difference in ­cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause mortality. The certainty of evidence of the efficacy of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors administration to dogs without cardiomegaly was low.
Bricolage in medical education, an approach with potential to address complex problems
Authors: Gonzalez Cristina M. , Lypson Monica L.
Published: December 2021

Gonzalez and Lypson encourage medical educators to take note of Wyatt and Zaidi's theoretically driven synthesis of bricolage as an approach to study and address complex problems including #race and #racism in #MedEd.
Econometric Analysis of Switching Expectations in UK Inflation*
Authors: Cornea‐Madeira Adriana , Madeira João
Published: December 2021

We estimate with UK data a Phillips curve model with backward‐looking and forward‐looking methods of determining inflation expectations and with agents switching between these based on their recent performance. We find that, while on average backward‐looking and forward‐looking methods have about equal weight, there are considerable movements in the weight given to each method. We show this model has better in‐sample fit than other Phillips curve models and this is robust to the methodology chosen. The model out‐of‐sample forecasts on certain dates do better than other Phillips curve models and the Atkeson and Ohanian model.
One‐child policy and marriage market in China
Authors: Han Jun , Zhao Zhong
Published: December 2021

This study analyzes the effect of one‐child policy on marriage market in China and focuses on leftover situation, marriage age, and age differential between husband and wife. Considering age 30 years as the cutoff point, the one‐child policy has increased the leftover proportion to about 1.2%, with 1.8% on men and 0.6% on women. Although the general public is aware of the problem of urban leftover women, the problem of leftover men is much more serious than that of women, with the former situation due to the large numbers of men and the latter due to the matching process. The one‐child policy on marriage age is positive and significant, irrespective of urban, rural residents, or migrants, but the effect is smaller in urban areas, which is consistent with the fact that the sex ratio is more balanced in urban areas. This policy also increases the age differential between husband and wife on the whole; however, it is positive and significant for the male‐headed families but negative for the female‐headed families.
Characterization of the novel HLA‐A*30:02:28 allele by sequencing‐based typing
Authors: Elsermans Vincent , Visentin Jonathan , Top Isabelle , Varlet Pauline , Labalette Myriam
Published: December 2021

HLA‐A*30:02:28 differs from HLA‐A*30:02:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 47 in exon 2.
Slow development allows redundant genes to restore the fertility of rpg1, a TGMS line in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Ren Meng‐Yi , Han Wen‐Jian , Zhang Ya‐Fei , Huang Min‐Jia , Wu Si‐Yuan , Huang Jie , Wang Yun , Zhang Zheng , Yang Zhong‐Nan
Published: December 2021

Slow development has been shown to be a general mechanism to restore the fertility of thermo‐sensitive and photoperiod‐sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS and PGMS) lines in Arabidopsis. rpg1 is a TGMS line defective in primexine, which is essential for pollen wall pattern formation. Here, we showed that RPG1‐GFP was highly expressed in microsporocytes, microspores, and pollen grains but not in the tapetum in the complemented transgenic line, suggesting that microsporocytes are the main sporophytic cells for primexine formation. Further cytological observations showed that primexine formation in rpg1 was partially restored under slow growth conditions, leading to its fertility restoration. RPG2 is the homolog of RPG1 in Arabidopsis. We revealed that the fertility recovery of rpg1 rpg2 was significantly reduced compared with that of rpg1 under low temperature. The RPG2‐GFP protein was also expressed in microsporocytes in the RPG2‐GFP (WT) transgenic line. These results suggest that RPG2 plays a redundant role in rpg1 fertility restoration. rpg1 plants were male sterile at the early growth stage, while their fertility was partially restored at the late developmental stage. The fertility of the rpg1 lateral branches was also partially restored. Further growth analysis showed that slow growth at the late reproductive stage or on the lateral branches led to fertility restoration. This work reveals the importance of gene redundancy in fertility restoration for TGMS lines and provides further insight into pollen wall pattern formation.
Minimal late radiation toxicity and transient early toxicity following postoperative definitive intent conformal radiation therapy (20 × 2.5 Gy) for canine apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma
Authors: Williams Claire , Parys Magdalena , Handel Ian , Serra Juan Carlos , Lawrence Jessica
Published: December 2021

Postoperative radiation therapy (RT) may be beneficial for dogs with anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinoma (ASAC). Clinically significant late toxicities have been reported in up to 65% of dogs with perianal tumors following non‐conformal definitive RT, particularly when fractions of 3 Gy or higher are prescribed. The primary objective of this prospective, descriptive study was to evaluate tolerability of a novel 3D conformal RT (3DCRT) protocol in a group of dogs. Dogs with ASAC were prospectively enrolled if clients elected RT following surgery. The planning target volume was prescribed 50 Gy in 2.5 Gy fractions using 6 MV photons and administered over 26 days. Early and late radiation toxicities were graded according to standardized criteria. Thirteen dogs were initially enrolled but 1 was excluded due to a high risk of anesthesia‐related mortality. Seven dogs presented with early stage disease. Median follow up time was 771 days (91‐2223). Transient grade 3 dermatitis and anusitis developed in all dogs, with resolution within 4 weeks. Two dogs developed transient grade 2 late colitis. Locoregional failure in the irradiated field was documented in one dog at 738 days. All‐cause median survival time was 771 days (95% confidence interval: 510 → 2223 days). Findings indicated that this fractionation may be safely administered to the canine anus and pelvic canal using 3DCRT, although acute toxicity should be anticipated. Further prospective studies are needed in order to confirm long‐term tolerability and efficacy.
Reliability-Based Multivehicle Path Planning Under Uncertainty Using a Bio-Inspired Approach
Authors: Liu Yixuan , Jiang Chen , Zhang Xiaoge , Mourelatos Zissimos P. , Barthlow Dakota , Gorsich David , Singh Amandeep , Hu Zhen
Published: December 2021

Identifying a reliable path in uncertain environments is essential for designing reliable off-road autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs) considering postdesign operations. This article presents a novel bio-inspired approach for model-based multivehicle mission planning under uncertainty for off-road AGVs subjected to mobility reliability constraints in dynamic environments. A physics-based vehicle dynamics simulation model is first employed to predict vehicle mobility (i.e., maximum attainable speed) for any given terrain and soil conditions. Based on physics-based simulations, the vehicle state mobility reliability in operation is then analyzed using an adaptive surrogate modeling method to overcome the computational challenges in mobility reliability analysis by adaptively constructing a surrogate. Subsequently, a bio-inspired approach called Physarum-based algorithm is used in conjunction with a navigation mesh to identify an optimal path satisfying a specific mobility reliability requirement. The developed Physarum-based framework is applied to reliability-based path planning for both a single-vehicle and multiple-vehicle scenarios. A case study is used to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methods and algorithms. The results show that the proposed framework can effectively identify optimal paths for both scenarios of single and multiple vehicles. The required computational time is less than the widely used Dijkstra-based method.
Thermal and Optical Behavior of Novel Phosphate-Based Inorganic Mixtures Containing Fe and Na and Their Application as Solar Reflective Coating
Authors: Sahu Akash Kumar , Aravind Rudrarapu , Brahma Gouri Sankhar , Swain Trilochan
Published: December 2021

Herein, the synthesis of the novel and inexpensive phosphate mixtures, Fe3(PO4)2·0.5 Na3PO4.6 H2O· NaOH (calcined) and Fe3(PO4)2·0.5 Na3PO4·4 H2O· NaOH (non-calcined) of iron (Fe) and sodium (Na) and their application as reflective coating with building envelope materials is reported. The main objective of this work is to determine the effect of hydrated mixtures as a reflective coating. To obtain different hydrated mixtures, samples were synthesized in both calcined and non-calcined manner. Various measurement techniques were used to characterize and study the thermal behavior of mixtures. From the thermal behavior of the mixtures, it is noticed that the mixtures can be used as heat-dissipating materials. The average crystallite size was found to be 40.18 nm and 25.48 nm for the calcined and the non-calcined mixtures, respectively. The calculated band gap for the calcined mixture is 3.71 eV and the non-calcined mixture is 3.73 eV. According to Reddy's equation, the refractive index of the calcined and the non-calcined mixtures is 2.61 and 2.60, respectively. Both the calcined (1A) and the non-calcined (1B) mixtures were fabricated with commercial white paint to develop aesthetic light gray coatings. Both coatings were painted and tested on two building material slabs separately. Then, the highest reflective coating material between these two was painted on a house prototype and tested against commercial gray paint available in the market. An average temperature reduction of 3.8 K was observed in modified gray coating compared to commercial building paint. The reflective coating of the calcined mixture blended with white paint was observed to be better than the non-calcined mixture blended with white paint.
Analogous Metabolic Decoupling in Pseudomonas putida and Comamonas testosteroni Implies Energetic Bypass to Facilitate Gluconeogenic Growth
Authors: Wilkes Rebecca A. , Waldbauer Jacob , Aristilde Ludmilla
Published: December 2021

Glycolytic metabolism of sugars is extensively studied in the
Proteobacteria
, but gluconeogenic carbon sources (e.g., organic acids, amino acids, aromatics) that feed into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle are widely reported to produce a fast-growth phenotype, particularly in species with biotechnological relevance. Much remains unknown about the importance of glycolysis-associated pathways in the metabolism of gluconeogenic carbon substrates.
Disrupted care during the COVID-19 state of emergency and productivity loss attributed to presenteeism in workers: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Ishimaru Tomohiro , Tsuno Kanami , Hori Ai , Okawara Makoto , Yasuda Yoshino , Fujino Yoshihisa , Tabuchi Takahiro
Published: December 2021

Objectives

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical care delays and avoidance around the globe. However, little is known about the relationship between disrupted care and productivity loss attributed to presenteeism during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate whether disrupted care during the COVID-19 state of emergency was associated with health status and productivity loss.

Methods

We used data from a nationwide, cross-sectional, Internet-based, self-administered survey. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis on data from 14 545 participants to investigate the associations among variables related to disrupted care, health status and the Work Functioning Impairment Scale, with a cut-off of 21 points.

Results

Participants who experienced exacerbation of underlying disease (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.84; 95% CI 2.28 to 3.53) or any type of disrupted care were more likely to show low productivity at work. Experiencing disruptions in routine and non-routine clinical settings (aOR 4.64; 95% CI 3.64 to 5.92 and aOR 6.29; 95% CI 4.74 to 8.34, respectively), and running out of drugs (aOR 6.13; 95% CI 4.60 to 8.18) were strongly associated with exacerbation of underlying disease.

Conclusions

Workers who experienced disrupted care were much more likely to show productivity loss. Exacerbation of underlying disease is one possible pathway through which disrupted care could affect productivity loss attributed to presenteeism. Our study provides evidence of the importance of early diagnosis and continuous treatment of non-COVID-19 patients to enable them to remain healthy and continue to work during the pandemic.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on haemorrhagic stroke admissions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: You Yijie , Niu Yunlian , Sun Fengbing , Zhang Jian , Huang Sheng , Ding Peiyuan , Wang Xuhui
Published: December 2021

Background and purpose

COVID-19 pandemic, a global health crisis, is disrupting the present medical environment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stroke hospitalisations, especially haemorrhagic stroke.

Methods

The EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, Medline, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched for all relevant studies. Two researchers independently screened the studies, extracted data and assessed the quality of the included studies. Odds ratio (OR), total events, OR and 95% CI were considered as the effect size. A fixed-effects model was used to pool the study-specific estimate. The present study was performed by using Review Manager (V.5.3.0) software. We assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.

Results

A total of 17 studies with 14 445 cases were included. Overall, the number of stroke admissions is lower in the pandemic period versus the control period (6252 vs 8193). The difference of haemorrhagic stroke is significant, with 1233 of 6252 cases in the pandemic group and 1621 of 8193 cases in the control group. Intracerebral haemorrhage is present in 461 of 1948 cases in the pandemic group and 618 of 2734 cases in the control group. As for subarachnoid haemorrhage, the difference between the two groups is significant, with 70 of 985 cases in the pandemic group and 202 of 1493 cases in the control group.

Conclusions

The number of stroke admissions is lower in the pandemic period compared with the control period. There is a higher rate of haemorrhagic stroke in the pandemic period. Subgroup analysis identifies a significant increase in the occurrence of intracerebral haemorrhage in the pandemic period. Due to limited data and the impact of a single article, the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on subarachnoid haemorrhage is unclear.
Non-prescription antibiotic use for cough among Chinese children under 5 years of age: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhu Yao , Tang Xuewen , Yan Rui , Shao Zhujun , Zhou Yang , Deng Xuan , Luo Shuying , He Hanqing
Published: December 2021

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the non-prescription use of antibiotics for cough among children under 5 years in China.

Design

A community-based cross-sectional survey.

Setting

A face-to-face interview based on a standard questionnaire in the community from October to December 2019.

Participants

A total of 3102 children under 5 years of age were enrolled with probability proportionate to size sampling method. The children’s caregivers provided the responses as their agents.

Outcome measures

Cough in the past month, non-prescription use of antibiotics after cough.

Results

1211 of 3102 children were reported to have a cough in the past month. Of these, 40.2% (487/1211) were medicated with antibiotics, and 18.7% (91/487) of these were not prescribed. Cephalosporins were the most frequently used antibiotic (52.8%), and community pharmacies were the main source (53.7%). Children who coughed for 1–2 weeks (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.90) or 3–4 weeks (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.08 to 4.97), with runny nose (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.19) or those whose family annual income between ¥50 000 and ¥100 000 (OR 4.44, 95% CI 1.52 to 18.95) had a higher risk of non-prescription use of antibiotics than those coughing for <1 week, without runny nose or with family annual income <¥50 000.

Conclusions

Our findings indicated that a high proportion of infants and young children had been treated with antibiotics for cough, and nearly one in five of them were used without prescription. More public health campaigns and further education on the appropriate use of antibiotics are needed to ensure the rational treatment of cough in children.
PROphylactic MESH (PROMESH) for stoma closure: does it reduce the incidence of incisional hernia? Protocol for a triple-blinded randomised controlled trial
Authors: Meyer Jeremy , Delaune Vaihere , Abbassi Ziad , Douissard Jonathan , Toso Christian , Ris Frédéric , Buchs Nicolas
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Application of a prophylactic mesh during stoma closure was shown to reduce the incidence of incisional hernia at the site of stoma closure. Our objective is to provide high quality evidence to validate this finding.

Methods and analysis

The study will be a randomised controlled triple-blinded superiority parallel monocentric trial. Patients undergoing elective ileostomy or colostomy closure after surgery for digestive cancer will be eligible for inclusion. Patients allergic to the mesh, immunosuppressed or refusing to participate will be excluded. Randomisation will be performed based on a 1:1 allocation ratio between stoma closure with application of a non-absorbable mesh in the sublay position (intervention) and stoma closure without a mesh (control). The primary outcome will be the 1-year incidence of incisional hernia at the site of stoma closure, determined clinically and by CT. Secondary outcomes will be the 31-day incidence of surgical site infection and the modified Carolinas Comfort Scale. Patients, radiologists and investigators performing the assessment at 1 year will be blinded for the allocated study group. Analysis will be performed in intention-to-treat. The trial will include 68 patients (34 with mesh, 34 without mesh).

Ethics and dissemination

The present randomised controlled trial was registered into clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 04510558) and was accepted by the local ethic committee (Geneva, Switzerland: CCER 2021-00053). The results will be presented at national and international congresses in the fields of colorectal surgery and general surgery, and published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Connecting healthcare with income maximisation services, and their financial, health and well-being impacts for families with young children: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Burley Jade , Price Anna MH , Parker Anneka , Samir Nora , Zhu Anna , Eapen Valsamma , Contreras-Suarez Diana , Schreurs Natalie , Lawson K D , Lingam Raghu , Grace Rebekah , Raman Shanti , Kemp Lynn , Chota Sumayya , Goldfeld Sharon , Woolfenden Susan
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Poverty has far-reaching and detrimental effects on children’s physical and mental health, across all geographies. Financial advice and income-maximisation services can provide a promising opportunity for shifting the physical and mental health burdens that commonly occur with financial hardship, yet awareness of these services is limited, and referrals are not systematically integrated into existing healthcare service platforms. We aim to map and synthesise evidence on the impact of healthcare-income maximisation models of care for families of children aged 0–5 years in high-income countries on family finances, parent/caregiver(s) or children’s health and well-being.

Methods and analysis

To be included in the review, studies must be families (expectant mothers or parents/caregivers) of children who are aged between 0 and 5 years, accessing a healthcare service, include a referral from healthcare to an income-maximisation service (ie, financial counselling), and examine impacts on child and family health and well-being. A comprehensive electronic search strategy will be used to identify studies written in English, published from inception to January 2021, and indexed in MEDLINE, EMBase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Proquest, Family & Society Studies Worldwide, Cochrane Library, and Informit Online. Search strategies will include terms for: families, financial hardship and healthcare, in various combinations. Bibliographies of primary studies and review articles meeting the inclusion criteria will be searched manually to identify further eligible studies, and grey literature will also be searched. Data on objective and self-reported outcomes and study quality will be independently extracted by two review authors; any disagreements will be resolved through a third reviewer. The protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not required. The results will be disseminated widely via peer-reviewed publication and presentations at conferences related to this field.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020195985.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory study of thymine-1-acetic acid interaction with silver nanoparticles
Authors: Harroun Scott G. , Zhang Yaoting , Lin Yu-Syuan , Chang Huan-Tsung
Published: December 2021

Thymine-1-acetic acid (TAA) is a modified nucleobase often used to add thymine functionality to materials. This study reports the Raman band assignments for TAA by comparing its experimental and density functional theory (DFT) simulated Raman spectra. Further comparison of experimental surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of TAA on silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with simulated spectra of various complexes of xAg+ (x = 1, 2, or 3) and TAA reveals its likely adsorption orientation on the Ag NPs. This is one of the few studies that has achieved reasonably accurate simulation of SERS by employing multiple unconnected Ag+ ions, which could represent a compromise between a single atom or ion on one hand and a computationally expensive cluster on the other.
Thresholds and critical exponents of explosive bond percolation on the square lattice
Authors: Wu Qianqian , Wang Junfeng
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we present a Monte Carlo study of four explosive bond percolation models on the square lattice: (i) product rule which suppresses intrabonds (PR-SI), (ii) sum rule which suppresses intrabonds (SR-SI), (iii) product rule which enhances intrabonds (PR-EI) and (iv) sum rule which enhances intrabonds (SR-EI). By performing extensive simulations and finite-size scaling analysis of the wrapping probability [Formula: see text] and a ratio [Formula: see text] for PR-SI, SR-SI, PR-EI, and the composite quantities [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for SR-EI (defined by [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] corresponding to two different [Formula: see text]-values, respectively), we determine the thresholds [Formula: see text] of all models with best precision. We also estimate the critical exponents [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for PR-SI, SR-SI and PR-EI by studying the critical behaviors of the size of the largest cluster [Formula: see text] and the second moment [Formula: see text] of sizes of all clusters. For SR-EI, from [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], we only obtain pseudo-critical exponents, which are nonphysical. Precisely at [Formula: see text], we study the critical cluster-size distribution [Formula: see text] (number density of the clusters of size [Formula: see text]) for all models and find that it can be described by [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] (fractal dimension) for PR-SI, SR-SI, PR-EI, [Formula: see text] (spatial dimension) for SR-EI, and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] is an universal scaling function. Based on critical cluster-size distribution, we conjecture the values of [Formula: see text] (and [Formula: see text] with the help of a scaling relation) for SR-EI. It is found that the exponents for PR-SI and SR-SI are consistent with each other, but the ones for PR-EI and SR-EI are different. Our results disclose two facts: (1) all models investigated here undergo continuous phase transitions, since their behaviors can be described by typical scaling formulas for continuous phase transitions; (2) PR-SI and SR-SI belong to a same universality class, however, PR-EI and SR-EI belong to different universality classes, and all of them differ from which random percolation belongs to. This work provides a testing ground for future theoretical studies.
Functional convergence of continuous-time random walks with continuous paths
Authors: Magdziarz Marcin , Zebrowski Piotr
Published: December 2021

Continuous-time random walks (CTRWs) are generic models of anomalous diffusion and fractional dynamics in statistical physics. They are typically defined in the way that their trajectories are discontinuous step functions. In this paper, we propose alternative definition of CTRWs with continuous trajectories. We also give the scaling limit theorem for sequence of such random walks. In general case this result requires the use of strong Skorohod [Formula: see text] topology instead of Skorohod [Formula: see text] topology, which is usually used in limit theorems for ordinary CTRW processes. We also give additional conditions under which convergence of sequence of considered random walks holds in the [Formula: see text] topology.
E-Commerce Logistics System Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Yang Fan
Published: December 2021

In order to improve the efficiency of the e-commerce logistics system, this paper analyzes the application of dynamic bandwidth resource allocation algorithm in intelligent logistics tracking scenarios and distribution scenarios, and achieves the purpose of optimizing the allocation of bandwidth resources by changing the sampling rate of the control signal. Moreover, this paper designs and implements an e-commerce logistics information system based on the Internet of Things, and starts with each functional module to introduce in detail the various functions realized by the system in this paper. This paper changes the traditional logistics operation mode, through the realization of various functional modules, users can grasp personal historical orders and view the list of historical orders. Finally, this paper analyzes the performance of this system through experimental research. The results of the research show that the e-commerce logistics system based on the Internet of Things proposed in this paper is effective.
The Jordan–Hölder theorem for monoids with group action
Authors: Sebandal Alfilgen , Vilela Jocelyn
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we prove an isomorphism theorem for the case of refinement monoids with a group [Formula: see text] acting on it. Based on this, we show a version of the well-known Jordan–Hölder theorem in this framework. The central result of this paper states that — as in the case of modules — a monoid [Formula: see text] has a [Formula: see text]-composition series if and only if it is both [Formula: see text]-Noetherian and [Formula: see text]-Artinian. As in module theory, these two concepts can be defined via ascending and descending chains, respectively.
Gerstenhaber algebra of ℤ2 × ℤ2-Galois covering of quantum exterior algebra
Authors: Hou Bo
Published: December 2021

Let [Formula: see text] be the quantum exterior algebras over a field [Formula: see text] with char [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] be the [Formula: see text]-Galois coverings of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, a basis of each degree of Hochschild cohomology of [Formula: see text], the cup product and the Gerstenhaber bracket on Hochschild cohomology of [Formula: see text] are given.
Brain MRI Images Classifications with Deep Fuzzy Clustering and Deep Residual Network
Authors: Rajeswari R. , Ganeshan R. , Maram Balajee , Cristin R.
Published: December 2021

The brain tumor is the most serious cancer among people of all ages, and recognition of its grade is a complex task for monitoring health. In addition, the earlier detection and classification of tumors into a particular grade are imperative for diagnosing the tumor effectively. This paper devises a novel method for multigrade tumor classification using deep architecture. First, the pre-processing is performed with the Region of interest (ROI) and Type 2 Fuzzy and Cuckoo Search (T2FCS) filter. After that, segmentation using a pre-processed image is carried out to generate segments, which is performed using a deep fuzzy clustering model. Then, the significant features are mined through segments that involve convolution neural network (CNN) features, Texton features, EMD features, and statistical features such as mean, variance, kurtosis, and entropy. The obtained features are subjected to Deep Residual Network for multigrade tumor classification. The Deep Residual Network training is done with the proposed Harmony search-based Feedback Artificial Tree (HSFAT) algorithm. The proposed HSFAT is devised by combining Harmony search and Feedback Artificial Tree (FAT) algorithm. The proposed HSFAT-based deep residual network provided superior performance with maximum accuracy of 94.33%, maximum sensitivity of 97.27%, and maximum specificity of 92.61%.
Distributed PINN for Linear Elasticity — A Unified Approach for Smooth, Singular, Compressible and Incompressible Media
Authors: Yadav Gaurav Kumar , Natarajan Sundararajan , Srinivasan Balaji
Published: December 2021

Over the last several decades, the Finite Element Method (FEM) has emerged as a numerical approach method of choice for the solution of problems in solid mechanics. Part of the reason for the success of FEM is that it provides a unified framework for discretizing even complex differential equations. However, despite this overall unification, FEM still requires specific variants or corrections depending on the problem at hand. For instance, problems with skewed meshes, discontinuity, singularity, incompressible media, etc. require the analyst to modify the discretization approach in order to preserve robustness. We speculate that local-polynomial bases such as those used in FEM do not sufficiently represent local physics and more “physics-informed” approaches may be more universal. Accordingly, in this paper, we evaluate the feasibility of one such approach — the recently developed Distributed Physics Informed Neural Network (DPINN) approach — to provide a truly unified framework for addressing problems in Solid Mechanics. The DPINN approach utilizes a piecewise-neural network representation for the underlying field, rather than the piece-polynomial representation that is common in FEM. We solve a series of problems in solid mechanics using either the single or domain-distributed version of DPINN and demonstrate that the approach is able to seamlessly solve varied problems with no special treatment required for volumetric locking or capturing discontinuities. Further, we also demonstrate that the DPINN approach, due to its meshless nature, is able to avoid the curse of dimensionality. We discuss the relative merits and demerits of the DPINN approach in comparison to FEM. We expect this work to be useful to researchers looking to develop unified computational frameworks for problems in solid mechanics.
Clairaut Riemannian maps whose total manifolds admit a Ricci soliton
Authors: Yadav Akhilesh , Meena Kiran
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we study Clairaut Riemannian maps whose total manifolds admit a Ricci soliton and give a nontrivial example of such Clairaut Riemannian maps. First, we calculate Ricci tensors and scalar curvature of total manifolds of Clairaut Riemannian maps. Then we obtain necessary conditions for the fibers of such Clairaut Riemannian maps to be Einstein and almost Ricci solitons. We also obtain a necessary condition for vector field [Formula: see text] to be conformal, where [Formula: see text] is a geodesic curve on total manifold of Clairaut Riemannian map. Further, we show that if total manifolds of Clairaut Riemannian maps admit a Ricci soliton with the potential mean curvature vector field of [Formula: see text] then the total manifolds of Clairaut Riemannian maps also admit a gradient Ricci soliton and obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for such maps to be harmonic by solving Poisson equation.
Ultra-stable visible-light-driven Ag2S/AgI/Ni thin film photocatalyst: Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism enhances photocatalytic activity
Authors: Zhao Di , Chen Yu , Liu Hongyan , Zhang Xinyi , Jiang Meiru , Chen Xijie , Fu Li , Li Guihua , Fan Aixin , Qin Congli
Published: December 2021

Ag2S/AgI/Ni composite films were prepared by constant current electrodeposition and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Under visible light (> 420 nm), Ag2S/AgI/Ni composite film photocatalyst showed higher photocatalytic (PC) activity in the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) than a pure Ag2S/Ni film or AgI/Ni film. The composite film demonstrated excellent stability and could be recycled 11 times with an essentially unchanged PC activity. Ag nanoparticles were generated in the PC process and acted as a charge-transfer bridge, forming a [Formula: see text]-scheme composed of Ag2S, Ag, and AgI. This effectively separated the photogenerated electrons and holes, hence providing excellent PC activity and stability to the Ag2S/AgI/Ni composite film.
On the variants of first KCD energy
Authors: Mirajkar Keerthi G. , Morajkar Akshata
Published: December 2021

The variants of first Karnatak College Dharwad energy, in brief, the first [Formula: see text] energy, namely the first [Formula: see text] hyperenergeticity, the first [Formula: see text] borderenergeticity and the first [Formula: see text] equienergeticity, are defined. These concepts are further studied for complement, line graph and splitting graph of a graph. Lastly, some results on first [Formula: see text] equienergetic graphs are obtained.
Representation of Socio-historical Context to Support the Authoring and Presentation of Multimodal Narratives: The Mingei Online Platform
Authors: Partarakis Nikolaos N. P. , Doulgeraki Paraskevi P. D. , Karuzaki Effie E. K. , Adami Ilia I. A. , Ntoa Stavroula S. N. , Metilli Daniele D. M. , Bartalesi Valentina V. B. , Meghini Carlo C. M. , Marketakis Yannis Y. M. , Kaplanidi Danai D. M. , Theodoridou Maria M. T. , Zabulis Xenophon X. Z.
Published: December 2021

In this article, the Mingei Online Platform is presented as an authoring platform for the representation of social and historic context encompassing a focal topic of interest. The proposed representation is employed in the contextualised presentation of a given topic, through documented narratives that support its presentation to diverse audiences. Using the obtained representation, the documentation and digital preservation of social and historical dimensions of Cultural Heritage are demonstrated. The implementation follows the Human-Centred Design approach and has been conducted under an iterative design and evaluation approach involving both usability and domain experts.
A Computational Look at Oral History Archives
Authors: Pessanha Francisca , Salah Almila Akdag
Published: December 2021

Computational technologies have revolutionized the archival sciences field, prompting new approaches to process the extensive data in these collections. Automatic speech recognition and natural language processing create unique possibilities for analysis of oral history (OH) interviews, where otherwise the transcription and analysis of the full recording would be too time consuming. However, many oral historians note the loss of aural information when converting the speech into text, pointing out the relevance of subjective cues for a full understanding of the interviewee narrative. In this article, we explore various computational technologies for social signal processing and their potential application space in OH archives, as well as neighboring domains where qualitative studies is a frequently used method. We also highlight the latest developments in key technologies for multimedia archiving practices such as natural language processing and automatic speech recognition. We discuss the analysis of both visual (body language and facial expressions), and non-visual cues (paralinguistics, breathing, and heart rate), stating the specific challenges introduced by the characteristics of OH collections. We argue that applying social signal processing to OH archives will have a wider influence than solely OH practices, bringing benefits for various fields from humanities to computer sciences, as well as to archival sciences. Looking at human emotions and somatic reactions on extensive interview collections would give scholars from multiple fields the opportunity to focus on feelings, mood, culture, and subjective experiences expressed in these interviews on a larger scale.
A Novel Model for Large-Scale Online College Learning in Postpandemic Era: AI-Driven Approach
Authors: Wang Cong
Published: December 2021

COVID-19 is a pandemic with a wide reach and explosive magnitude, and the world has been bracing itself for impact. Many have lost their jobs and savings, and many are homeless. For better or worse, COVID-19 has permanently changed our lives. For college students, the pandemic means giving up most of the on-campus experience in the postpandemic era and performing online learning instead. Virtual lessons may become a permanent part of college education. Large-scale online learning typically utilizes interactive live video streaming. In this study, we analyzed a codec and video streaming transmission protocol using artificial intelligence. First, we studied an intraframe prediction optimization algorithm for the H.266 codec based on long short-term memory networks. In terms of video streaming transmission protocols, real-time communication optimization based on Quick UDP Internet connections and Luby Transform codes is proposed to improve the quality of interactive live video streaming. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed strategy outperforms three benchmarks in terms of video streaming quality, video streaming latency, and average throughput.
Creep Rupture Behavior in Dissimilar Weldment between FB2 and 30Cr1Mo1V Heat-Resistant Steel
Authors: Xiong Jiankun , Yang Jianping , Zhao Haiyan , Yang Lin , Guo Yang , Nie Fuheng , Xu Dexing , Yu Liping , Cao Fenghong
Published: December 2021

Creep rupture behavior of dissimilar weldments between FB2 and 30Cr1Mo1V heat-resistant steel by multipass welding at 783 K (510°C) under different stresses (260 to 420 MPa) was researched. The fitted creep rupture exponent is 14.53, and the 10,000 h extrapolating strength values predicted by the power law and Larson-Miller parameter show good agreement with experimental data. The samples exhibit a ductile fracture character and fracture in the weld fusion zone, which has a highly heterogeneous microstructure and grains with different morphologies and sizes and an obvious softening. There exist a decrease in the dislocation and precipitate density and an increase in the subgrain size in the weld metal after creep. The rupture is a transgranular fracture characterized by dimples as a result of microvoid coalescence. Laves phases along with copper-rich precipitates are observed in the vicinity of fracture surface, which creates a stress concentration that can cause transgranular fracture initiation.
Suppression of Thrust Fluctuation of a New Ironless Tubular Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor Based on the Halbach Array
Authors: Li Bo , Zhang Jun-an , Shi Zhiping , Zhao Xiaolong , Dong Hao
Published: December 2021

The air gap magnetic field (AGMF) is the key factor in determining the ironless tubular permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (ITPMSLM). The distortion of its waveform causes thrust fluctuation during the operation of the motor, resulting in poor machining accuracy of the machine tool. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new chamfered permanent magnet structure (CPMS) to improve its performance. First, the equivalent magnetic charge method is used to analyze the AGMF, and the analytical expressions of the no‐load back EMF and thrust of the new motor are obtained. Second, the AGMF of six kinds of CPMS is analyzed by the Fourier coefficient. Taking the minimum harmonic distortion rate as the optimization objective, the CPMS that makes the AGMF waveform reach the best sinusoidal property is obtained and the no‐load back EMF and thrust of the new motor are analyzed. Then, the new motor is compared with the ITPMSLM of rectangle permanent magnet structures (RPMS). Finally, according to the CPMS, the test prototype is built and tested under different working conditions. The research results show that when the outer circumference is 45ochamfered, the ratio of permanent magnet thicknessh2to the chamfered thicknessh1is 0.8; the sinusoidal property of AGMF is the best, and this structure can effectively reduce the motor thrust fluctuation rates to less than 0.01%, which verifies the effectiveness of the CPMS in improving the sinusoidal property in the AGMF and restraining the thrust fluctuation of the ITPMLSM.