bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metamaterial based on an inverse double V loaded complementary square split ring resonator for radar and Wi-Fi applications
Authors: Islam Md. Rashedul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Soliman Mohamed S. , Baharuddin Mohd Hafiz , Mat Kamarulzaman , Moubark Asraf Mohamed , Almalki Sami H. A.
Published: November 2021

In this research paper, an inverse double V loaded complementary square split ring resonator based double negative (DNG) metamaterial has been developed and examined numerically and experimentally. The electromagnetic (EM) properties of the proposed inverse double V-structure were calculated using computer simulation technology (CST-2019) and the finite integration technique (FIT). The designed metamaterial provides three resonance frequencies are 2.86, 5, and 8.30 GHz, covering S-, C-, and X-bands. The total size of the recommended unit cell is 8 $$\times$$
×
8 $$\times$$
×
1.524 mm3, and a high effective medium ratio (EMR) value of 13.11 was found from it. The − 10 dB bandwidths of this structure are 2.80 to 2.91, 4.76 to 5.17, and 8.05 to 8.42 GHz. The proposed structure's novelty is its small size, simple resonator structure, which provides double negative characteristics, high EMR, maximum coverage band, and required resonance frequencies. Wi-Fi network speeds are generally faster when frequencies in the 5 GHz band are used. Since the proposed structure provides a 5 GHz frequency band, hence the suggested metamaterial can be used in Wi-Fi for high bandwidth and high-speed applications. The marine radars operate in X-band, and weather radar works in S-band. Since the designed cell provides two more resonance frequencies, i.e., 2.86 GHz (S-band) and 8.30 GHz (X-band), the proposed metamaterial could be used in weather radar and marine radar. The design process and various parametric studies have been analyzed in this article. The equivalent circuit is authenticated using the advanced design system (ADS) software compared with CST simulated result. The surface current, E-field, and H-field distributions have also been analyzed. Different types of array structure, i.e., 1 $$\times$$
×
2, 2 $$\times$$
×
2, 3 $$\times$$
×
3, 4 $$\times$$
×
4, and 20 $$\times$$
×
25 is examined and validated by the measured result. The simulated and measured outcome is an excellent agreement for the inverse double V loaded CSSRR unit cell and array. We showed the overall performance of the suggested structure is better than the other structures mentioned in the paper. Since the recommended metamaterial unit cell size is small, provides desired resonance frequency, gives a large frequency band and high EMR value; hence the suggested metamaterial can be highly applicable for Radar and Wi-Fi.
Characterization of non-adopters of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions through a national cross-sectional survey to assess attitudes and behaviours
Authors: Lang Raynell , Atabati Omid , Oxoby Robert J. , Mourali Mehdi , Shaffer Blake , Sheikh Hasan , Fullerton Madison M. , Tang Theresa , Leigh Jeanna Parsons , Manns Braden J. , Marshall Deborah A. , Ivers Noah M. , Ratzan Scott C. , Hu Jia , Benham Jamie L.
Published: November 2021

Adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) remains critical to curtail the spread of COVID-19. Using self-reported adherence to NPIs in Canada, assessed through a national cross-sectional survey of 4498 respondents, we aimed to identify and characterize non-adopters of NPIs, evaluating their attitudes and behaviours to understand barriers and facilitators of adoption. A cluster analysis was used to group adopters separately from non-adopters of NPIs. Associations with sociodemographic factors, attitudes towards COVID-19 and the public health response were assessed using logistic regression models comparing non-adopters to adopters. Of the 4498 respondents, 994 (22%) were clustered as non-adopters. Sociodemographic factors significantly associated with the non-adoption cluster were: (1) being male, (2) age 18–34 years, (3) Albertans, (4) lower education level and (5) higher conservative political leaning. Participants who expressed low concern for COVID-19 and distrust towards several institutions had greater odds of being non-adopters. This information characterizes individuals at greatest odds for non-adoption of NPIs to inform targeted marketing interventions.
Nonlinear electromechanical analysis of axisymmetric thin circular plate based on flexoelectric theory
Authors: Ji Xue
Published: November 2021

Flexoelectricity will dominate the electromechanical coupling of intelligent components in MEMS/NEMS due to its size-dependency. This paper focuses on investigating the flexoelectric responses of intelligent components of the circular plate type, which are commonly used in MEMS/NEMS. Utilizing Hamilton’s principle, the nonlinear flexoelectric circular plate model is presented by combining von Kármán plate theory and flexoelectric theory. The equilibrium equations and all boundary conditions are obtained and then discretized. The nonlinear static bending of the simply supported axisymmetric flexoelectric circular plate is investigated by combining DQM and iteration method. The distributions of dimensionless bending deflection and electric potential are analyzed under different loads. Moreover, the nonlinear free vibration behaviors are also investigated by combining the Galerkin method and Lindstedt–Poincaré Method. The flexoelectric effect and stiffening effect of strain gradient are revealed. This paper will be helpful to promote the application of flexoelectric intelligent components of the circular plate type, which are encountered commonly in engineering.
Basolateral amygdala to posterior piriform cortex connectivity ensures precision in learned odor threat
Authors: East Brett S. , Fleming Gloria , Vervoordt Samantha , Shah Prachi , Sullivan Regina M. , Wilson Donald A.
Published: November 2021

Odor perception can both evoke emotional states and be shaped by emotional or hedonic states. The amygdala complex plays an important role in recognition of, and response to, hedonically valenced stimuli, and has strong, reciprocal connectivity with the primary olfactory (piriform) cortex. Here, we used differential odor-threat conditioning in rats to test the role of basolateral amygdala (BLA) input to the piriform cortex in acquisition and expression of learned olfactory threat responses. Using local field potential recordings, we demonstrated that functional connectivity (high gamma band coherence) between the BLA and posterior piriform cortex (pPCX) is enhanced after differential threat conditioning. Optogenetic suppression of activity within the BLA prevents learned threat acquisition, as do lesions of the pPCX prior to threat conditioning (without inducing anosmia), suggesting that both regions are critical for acquisition of learned odor threat responses. However, optogenetic BLA suppression during testing did not impair threat response to the CS+ , but did induce generalization to the CS−. A similar loss of stimulus control and threat generalization was induced by selective optogenetic suppression of BLA input to pPCX. These results suggest an important role for amygdala-sensory cortical connectivity in shaping responses to threatening stimuli.
Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 as outcome predictor after cardiopulmonary resuscitation: an observational prospective study
Authors: Rezar Richard , Paar Vera , Seelmaier Clemens , Pretsch Ingrid , Schwaiger Philipp , Kopp Kristen , Kaufmann Reinhard , Felder Thomas K. , Prinz Erika , Gemes Geza , Pistulli Rudin , Hoppe Uta C. , Wernly Bernhard , Lichtenauer Michael
Published: November 2021

Prognostication after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is complex. Novel biomarkers like soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) may provide an objective approach. A total of 106 post-CPR patients were included in this single-center observational prospective study. Serum sST2 levels were obtained 24 h after admission. Individuals were assigned to two groups: patients below and above the overall cohort’s median sST2 concentration. Primary outcome was a combined endpoint at 6 months (death or Cerebral Performance Category > 2); secondary endpoint 30-day mortality. A uni- and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted. Elevated sST2-levels were associated with an increased risk for the primary outcome (OR 1.011, 95% CI 1.004–1.019, p = 0.004), yet no patients with poor neurological outcome were observed at 6 months. The optimal empirical cut-off for sST2 was 46.15 ng/ml (sensitivity 81%, specificity 53%, AUC 0.69). Levels above the median (> 53.42 ng/ml) were associated with higher odds for both endpoints (death or CPC > 2 after 6 months: 21% vs. 49%, OR 3.59, 95% CI 1.53–8.45, p = 0.003; death after 30 days: 17% vs. 43.3%, OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.52–9.21, p = 0.003). A positive correlation of serum sST2 after CPR with mortality at 30 days and 6 months after cardiac arrest could be demonstrated.
On-road driving impairment following sleep deprivation differs according to age
Authors: Cai Anna W. T. , Manousakis Jessica E. , Singh Bikram , Kuo Jonny , Jeppe Katherine J. , Francis-Pester Elly , Shiferaw Brook , Beatty Caroline J. , Rajaratnam Shantha M. W. , Lenné Michael G. , Howard Mark E. , Anderson Clare
Published: November 2021

Impaired driving performance due to sleep loss is a major contributor to motor-vehicle crashes, fatalities, and serious injuries. As on-road, fully-instrumented studies of drowsy driving have largely focused on young drivers, we examined the impact of sleep loss on driving performance and physiological drowsiness in both younger and older drivers of working age. Sixteen ‘younger’ adults (M = 24.3 ± 3.1 years [21–33 years], 9 males) and seventeen ‘older’ adults (M = 57.3 ± 5.2, [50–65 years], 9 males) undertook two 2 h drives on a closed-loop track in an instrumented vehicle with a qualified instructor following (i) 8 h sleep opportunity the night prior (well-rested), and (ii) after 29-h of total sleep deprivation (TSD). Following TSD, both age groups displayed increased subjective sleepiness and lane departures (p < 0.05), with younger drivers exhibiting 7.37 × more lane departures, and 11 × greater risk of near crash events following sleep loss. While older drivers exhibited a 3.5 × more lane departures following sleep loss (p = 0.008), they did not have a significant increase in near-crash events (3/34 drives). Compared to older adults, younger adults had 3.1 × more lane departures (p = < 0.001), and more near crash events (79% versus 21%,p = 0.007). Ocular measures of drowsiness, including blink duration, number of long eye closures and PERCLOS increased following sleep loss for younger adults only (p < 0.05). These results suggest that for older working-aged adults, driving impairments observed following sleep loss may not be due to falling asleep. Future work should examine whether this is attributed to other consequences of sleep loss, such as inattention or distraction from the road.
Regulation divergences of Lactobacillus fermentum PCC and Lactobacillus paracasei 431 on penicillin-induced upper respiratory tract microbial dysbiosis in BALB/c mice
Authors: Gao Feng , Fang Zhifeng , Lu Wenwei
Published: November 2021

Effects of probiotics on antibiotic-induced host health imbalance during upper respiratory tract infection treatment.
Recent progress of organic small molecule-based fluorescent probes for intracellular pH sensing
Authors: Wen Ying , Jing Ning , Huo Fangjun , Yin Caixia
Published: November 2021

Organic small molecule–based fluorescent probes for sensing pH change within specific organelles.
Chemically robust and readily available quinoline-based PNN iron complexes: application in C–H borylation of arenes
Authors: Kamitani Masahiro
Published: November 2021

Synthesis of air-stable PNN iron pincer complexes and their application in the C–H borylation of arenes.
Synergistic optimization promoted overall water splitting of CoSe@NiSe2@MoS2 heterostructured composites
Authors: Shen Xiaoliang , Zhang Mengna , Sudi M. Shire , Zhao Wei , Wang Qi , Ren JinShen , Zhao Long , Wang Aijian , Zhu Weihua
Published: November 2021

The CoSe@NiSe2@MoS2 composite exhibits an effective catalytic performance that is comparable to and/or better than many previously reported systems. The efficient electrocatalytic performance is ascribed to the synergetic effect between each component.
Infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy of protonated unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine and proton-bound dimers of hydrazine and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine
Authors: McNary Christopher P. , Demireva Maria , Martens Jonathan , Berden Giel , Oomens Jos , Hamlow L. A. , Rodgers M. T. , Armentrout P. B.
Published: November 2021

The gas-phase structures of protonated unsymmetrical 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) and the proton-bound dimers of UDMH and hydrazine are examined by infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) action spectroscopy.
Revealing long-lived electron–hole migration in core–shell α/γ-Fe2O3/FCP for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Li Yinyin , Chen Yifan , Wu Qiannan , Zhang Rui , Li Mingjie , Lin Yanhong , Wang Dejun , Xie Tengfeng
Published: November 2021

A γ/α-Fe2O3/FCP photoanode with rapid interfacial hole injection and long-lived charge separation states (∼50.64 ps) showed that the synergistic effect of a phase junction and FeCo Prussian blue (FCP) could optimize the kinetics in water oxidation.
Comparative analysis of lanthanide excited state quenching by electronic energy and electron transfer processes
Authors: Parker David , Fradgley Jack D. , Delbianco Martina , Starck Matthieu , Walton James W. , Zwier Jurriaan M.
Published: November 2021

Mechanistic pathways in sensitised lanthanide luminescence.
Infinite-layer/perovskite oxide heterostructure-induced high-spin states in SrCuO2/SrRuO3 bilayer films
Authors: Li Zhe , Chen Xiaobing , Chen Yuansha , Zhang Qinghua , Zhang Hui , Zhang Jine , Shi Wenxiao , He Bin , Zhang Jinxing , Song Jinghua , Han Furong , Liu Banggui , Gu Lin , Hu Fengxia , Chen Yunzhong , Shen Baogen , Sun Jirong
Published: November 2021

We report strong interface reconstruction in the infinite-layer SrCuO2/perovskite SrRuO3 heterostructure, resulting in well-ordered RuO5 pyramids with enhanced saturation magnetization and an increased Curie temperature.
Photoactive perylenediimide metal–organic framework for boosting iodoperfluoroalkylation of alkenes and oxidative coupling of amines
Authors: Liu Zhengfen , Li Chao , Chen Jian , Li Xiaobo , Luo Fumang , Cheng Feixiang , Liu Jian-Jun
Published: November 2021

A novel photoactive MOF was prepared based on an electron-deficient perylenediimide derivative, which exhibits excellent photocatalytic activities towards the iodoperfluoroalkylation of alkenes and the oxidation of amines to imines.
Alkyl-modified nucleobases with 6/5/7/5 ring systems from the insect Cyclopelta parva
Authors: Yan Yong-Ming , Chen Heng , Chen Wen-Long , Wang Dai-Wei , Liao Li , Lu Qing , Cheng Yong-Xian
Published: November 2021

(±)-Cyclopeltains A and B (1 and 2), two pairs of unusual alkylated adenine derivatives, were isolated from the insect Cyclopelta parva and structurally characterized.
Journey of anthraquinones as anticancer agents – a systematic review of recent literature
Authors: Malik M. Shaheer , Alsantali Reem I. , Jassas Rabab S. , Alsimaree Abdulrahman A. , Syed Riyaz , Alsharif Meshari A. , Kalpana Kulkarni , Morad Moataz , Althagafi Ismail I. , Ahmed Saleh A.
Published: November 2021

Anthraquinones are privileged chemical motifs with diverse therapeutic applications, especially in the treatment of cancer. The extensive literature highlights the significance of anthraquinones as potent anticancer agents.
An all-organic symmetric battery based on a triquinoxalinylene derivative with different redox voltage active sites and a large conjugation system
Authors: Zhang Yi , Sun Zhaopeng , Kong Xiangyue , Lin Yilin , Huang Weiwei
Published: November 2021

The large π-conjugated system and dense active sites in tribenzoquinoxaline-5,10-dione (3BQ) enable it to deliver excellent lithium storage performance.
Enhancing polysulfide confinement and conversion in meso-/microporous core–shelled MoC/NC microspheres for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Li Wanli , Jin Xiangfeng , Xiao Liangping , Li Xingyun , Xu Qingchi , Weng Jian , Xu Jun
Published: November 2021

A core–shelled MoC/NC microsphere with a mesoporous core and a microporous-thin shell serves as a multi-functional sulfur host to enhance polysulfide confinement and conversion in lithium–sulfur batteries.
A liquid-crystalline non-fullerene acceptor enabling high-performance organic solar cells
Authors: Mondelli Pierluigi , Silvestri Francesco , Ciammaruchi Laura , Solano Eduardo , Beltrán-Gracia Eduardo , Barrena Esther , Riede Moritz , Morse Graham
Published: November 2021

The flexibility of the additional sidechains of 4TICO allows the material to reorganise itself upon annealing, leading to higher solar cell performance.
An NADH-selective and sensitive fluorescence probe to evaluate living cell hypoxic stress
Authors: Li Mingzhe , Liu Chang , Zhang Wenjuan , Xu Longfei , Yang Miaomiao , Chen Zhaoli , Wang Xinxing , Pu Lingling , Liu Weili , Zeng Xianshun , Wang Tianhui
Published: November 2021

Cellular disease and senescence are often accompanied by an imbalance in the local oxygen supply.
Discovery of novel phenaleno isoquinolinium-based fluorescence imaging agents for sentinel lymph node mapping
Authors: Han Ye Ri , Lee Da-Sol , Lee Sang Bong , Jeon Hui-Jeon , Lee Sijoon , Sung Soo-Eun , Lee Chang-Hee , Cho Sung Jin , Kim Kil Soo , Kim Dong-Su , Jeon Yong Hyun
Published: November 2021

We reported on the development of novel fluorescent agents (called Medical Fluorophores) and their usefulness for in vivo detection in the diagnosis of sentinel lymph nodes.
Spatial‐temporal slowfast graph convolutional network for skeleton‐based action recognition
Authors: Fang Zheng , Zhang Xiongwei , Cao Tieyong , Zheng Yunfei , Sun Meng
Published: November 2021

In skeleton‐based action recognition, the graph convolutional network (GCN) has achieved great success. Modelling skeleton data in a suitable spatial‐temporal way and designing the adjacency matrix are crucial aspects for GCN‐based methods to capture joint relationships. In this study, we propose the spatial‐temporal slowfast graph convolutional network (STSF‐GCN) and design the adjacency matrices for the skeleton data graphs in STSF‐GCN. STSF‐GCN contains two pathways: (1) the fast pathway is in a high frame rate, and joints of adjacent frames are unified to build ‘small’ spatial‐temporal graphs. A new spatial‐temporal adjacency matrix is proposed for these ‘small’ spatial‐temporal graphs. Ablation studies verify the effectiveness of the proposed adjacency matrix. (2) The slow pathway is in a low frame rate, and joints from all frames are unified to build one ‘big’ spatial‐temporal graph. The adjacency matrix for the ‘big’ spatial‐temporal graph is obtained by computing self‐attention coefficients of each joint. Finally, outputs from two pathways are fused to predict the action category. STSF‐GCN can efficiently capture both long‐range and short‐range spatial‐temporal joint relationships. On three datasets for skeleton‐based action recognition, STSF‐GCN can achieve state‐of‐the‐art performance with much less computational cost.
Investigation of noise and vibration characteristics of an IPMSM with modular‐type winding arrangements having three‐phase sub‐modules for fault‐tolerant applications
Authors: Shah Sayyed Haleem , Wang Xiaoyuan , Abubakar Usman , Wang Lixin , Gao Peng
Published: November 2021

The noise and vibration level in modular‐type permanent magnet synchronous machines with fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCW) is considered to be an important design consideration, particularly for applications requiring fault tolerance. In this work, an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) with FSCW is designed in a modular manner by dividing its stator windings into different arrangements having independent three‐phase sub‐modules with separate neutral points. First, the modular concentrated winding arrangement is studied to investigate the radial forces, vibration, and the associated noise level in the prototype machine having three‐phase sub‐modules under open‐circuit fault conditions. Then, another type of distributed three‐phase sub‐module winding arrangement is analysed to further investigate the vibration and noise level in the same prototype machine under the same operating conditions. A detailed two‐dimensional (2D) fast Fourier transform analysis is performed to investigate and compare the machine radial forces, induced harmonics, and sub‐harmonics for the two analysed winding arrangements. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of both the winding arrangements, the third type of mixed concentrated and distributed three‐phase sub‐modules winding arrangement is introduced in this work, combining the first two winding design approaches. A comprehensive harmonic (3D) structure, along with the vibration and noise analysis, is performed using a multi‐physics model analysis for all the winding arrangements under different three‐phase sub‐modules open‐circuit fault conditions. Lastly, the vibration levels of all the machine prototype models under different winding arrangements are experimentally validated. Moreover, the different modular types of winding arrangements are deeply investigated in this work to suggest the best winding arrangement approach that enables the machine to work in a wide range of applications requiring lower power levels or under critical, faulty, and hostile conditions. The proposed winding arrangement has reduced stator deformation with a reduced vibration and noise level under three‐phase sub‐modules open‐circuit fault‐tolerant conditions that can be used according to process requirements.
The PLATO field selection process
Authors: Nascimbeni V. , Piotto G. , Börner A. , Montalto M. , Marrese P. M. , Cabrera J. , Marinoni S. , Aerts C. , Altavilla G. , Benatti S. , Claudi R. , Deleuil M. , Desidera S. , Fabrizio M. , Gizon L. , Goupil M. J. , Granata V. , Heras A. M. , Magrin D. , Malavolta L. , Mas-Hesse J. M. , Ortolani S. , Pagano I. , Pollacco D. , Prisinzano L. , Ragazzoni R. , Ramsay G. , Rauer H. , Udry S.
Published: November 2021

PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars is an ESA M-class satellite planned for launch by the end of 2026 and dedicated to the wide-field search of transiting planets around bright and nearby stars, with a strong focus on discovering habitable rocky planets hosted by solar-like stars. The choice of the fields to be pointed at is a crucial task since it has a direct impact on the scientific return of the mission. In this paper, we describe and discuss the formal requirements and the key scientific prioritization criteria that have to be taken into account in the Long-duration Observation Phase (LOP) field selection, and apply a quantitative metric to guide us in this complex optimization process. We identify two provisional LOP fields, one for each hemisphere (LOPS1 and LOPN1), and we discuss their properties and stellar content. While additional fine-tuning shall be applied to LOP selection before the definitive choice, which is set to be made two years before launch, we expect that their position will not move by more than a few degrees with respect to what is proposed in this paper.
Empowering Kedah as the northern national hub for sustainable beef-cattle supply chain and production
Authors: Ariffin Ahmad Shabudin , Hashom Hasrul , Abas Zakaria , Muhammad Ali Abu Hassan , Ramli Mona Fairuz
Published: November 2021

High-value agricultural development is expected can create job opportunities, expanding business opportunities as well increase local and foreign investment. Encouragement in high-value agricultural activities can also increase income for entrepreneurs and maximize existing resources. To achieve the objectives of the research, the study aims to determine the direction of a sustainable livestock supply chain and the effectiveness of the existing slaughtering service center in Kedah. This includes factor influence in halal-logistics value creation in livestock supply chain and practices with Sharia compliance in livestock and abattoir activities. Since halal emerge as national agenda, supply chain and production also need to tap into the importance of health and hygiene of ruminant carcass especially in producing safe meat supply in the local market, practices among ruminant abattoir operators. This concept paper also will look at a new supply chain approach using the virtual marketplace to create new market segmentation and new consumer preference as well as a good return on investment. Empirical data will be collected by use a focus group. Therefore, using the Short Supply Chain, the research outcome is to ensure Kedah emerge as a national prominent hub for beef-cattle production and beef supplier in Malaysia.
The Performance of Production, Price and Marketing System of Shallot in Central Java
Authors: Basuki Seno , Eti Wulanjari Munir , Komalawati  , Sahara Dewi
Published: November 2021

Shallots are one of the horticultural products that have important economic values. The objective of this study is to analyse the performance of production and price as well as to identify the marketing system of shallot. The research used time-series data from 2009 to 2018. The data was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the harvested area and production of shallot have an increasing trend, while the productivity of shallots has a decreasing trend during the last 10 years (2009 to 2018). The price of shallots has been fluctuating from 2009 to 2018. The fluctuation of shallots price was caused by the fluctuation of production. The distribution of shallots from production centres to end consumers requires marketing services carried out by marketing agents. The shallot marketing channel involves two or more market players. The longer the marketing channel, the higher the marketing margin, and the lower the share of the price would be received by farmers (profit sharing). Conversely, the shorter the marketing channel, the lower the marketing margin and the higher the share of farmers would be. Therefore, to increase farmer share, there should be an institution that could facilitate a shorter marketing margin between farmers and consumers.
Analysis of Garlic Commodity Competitiveness and Impact of Government Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Saptana  , Dyah Perwita Atika , Ganda Sukmaya Syahrul
Published: November 2021

Indonesia's government is currently developing garlic commodities in several areas of highland dry land production centres to reduce dependence on imports (94%) from domestic needs. This paper aims to: (1) analyse the benefits of garlic farming financially (private) and economically (social); (2) analyse the competitiveness of garlic farming, both from the perspective of competitive advantage and comparative advantage; (3) review the impact of government policy on garlic farming system; and (4) formulate incentive policies in garlic development. The analysis method was conducted using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) to see Indonesian garlic's competitive position globally. The study area includes Cianjur Regency, West Java; Karang Anyar, Central Java; Pasuruan, East Java; and East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The analysis results showed that garlic farming is financially profitable, but economically less profitable or not profitable. Garlic farming has a competitive advantage but less or no comparative advantage. The value of DRCR >1 shows that Indonesia does not have a comparative advantage in producing garlic. The policy implication is that if Indonesia continues to reduce dependence on imported garlic, it will require breakthroughs in advanced innovation, integrated regional development, agricultural infrastructure support, institutional strengthening of farmers, and farmers' incentive policies.
Willingness to pay on cattle business insurance in supporting UPSUS SIWAB in Bangka Belitung Province
Authors: Suharyanto  , Ansyor Akhmad , Hidayat Zikril
Published: November 2021

Apart from productivity problems, the implementation of beef cattle business is faced with various risks. Several risks faced by smallholder beef cattle business, such as; price, disease, feed, marketing, theft, and relationship with traders. In order to maintain the sustainability of the livestock business, breeders need a guarantee in order to continue their business. This guarantee can be in the form of livestock insurance. Cattle insurance is one of the important programs to support the livestock sector, given the important role of cattle insurance not only for breeders but for various parties. This study aims to obtain information about the willingness to pay (WTP) on cattle business insurance in Bangka Belitung Province. This research was conducted from June to October 2018 in Bangka Belitung Province. Data collection was carried out by interviewing 150 farmers as respondents as primary data. In order to strengthen this, secondary data was collected from the agricultural agency at the provincial level. The WTP value obtained shows that it is still below the value of the premium paid at this time, this indicates that farmers still want subsidies from the government for the implementation of AUTS to minimize the risk of livestock business.
The relationship between social capital and objective welfare of cocoa farmer households in Tolada Village, North Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Heliawaty  , Diansari Pipi , Salman Darmawan , Rahmadanih  , Widyayani A. Ramdana
Published: November 2021

Social capital is an important aspect of developing more advanced agriculture. Community social capital, such as trust, mutual cooperation, networks and attitudes, play a major role in community behaviour, and if managed properly, it will be able to empower the community. Various elements of social capital found in rural areas are alleged to be able to contribute to the objective welfare of rural communities, especially farmers. This research uses s descriptive quantitative research method, namely the method used to measure and describe the data regarding the elements of social capital owned by cocoa farmers (trust and network) and their relationship with objective economic welfare. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social capital and the objective welfare of cocoa farmer households. The results showed that the correlation value of social capital and objective welfare was in the medium category, where the social capital of the farmer's life took place in an intimate, mutual trust and could take advantage of the existing network to collaborate to solve agricultural problems.
Comparison of shallot and tobacco farm income in Selopamioro Village, Imogiri Sub District, Bantul District, Yogyakarta
Authors: Dyah Pujastuti Sulistiyaning , Putra Ananto Yahya
Published: November 2021

Indonesia as an agricultural country has two seasons, there are the dry season and the rainy season. In the dry season they cultivate a lot ofpalawijacrops. Somepalawijaplants actually have a higher economic value, such as tobacco and shallots. The costs of these two commodities are different, will result in different income. This research objectives is to know the cost, income, and feasibility of tobacco and shallot farming. If shallot farming can be an alternative to replace tobacco, this will encourage a reduction in the cigarette industry in Indonesia. The research was conducted in Selopamioro Village, Imogiri District, Bantul Regency, using purposive sampling technique and 46 farmers as respondents. The income and feasibility analysis uses the measure NR = TR - TC and R/C. The results showed that shallot farming, with an average land area of 466 m², provided a higher income, there is IDR 24,266,482 (2 times planting) compared to tobacco farming of IDR 7,287,396. R/C of shallot farming is 7.99 and tobacco is 12.23. It can be concluded that shallot farming can be used as an alternative to tobacco farming because it is more profitable.
The correlation of entrepreneurship characteristic, business innovation, and marketing strategy to the resilience of micro, small, and medium enterprises (msme) in the new normal patterns
Authors: Widodo Aris Slamet
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the perception of the level of resilience of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) and determine the factors related to the resilience of MSME in the new normal. This study was conducted on all MSME assisted by the Research, Publication, and Community Service (LP3M) of the University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta in community empowermrnt program in August 2020. The respondents were spread througout Indonesia with a total of 135 MSME respondents. The method used is descriptive analysis. The analytical technique using Likerl scale skoring and correlation analysis (Rank Spearman) used to determine the correlation of the factors to MSME resilience in the new normal. The results of the analysis show that the perception of the level of resilience of MSME during the Covid-19 pandemic is in the 'agree' category. The characteristics of entrepreneurship, business innovation, and marketing strategies have a positive and significant relationship with the resilience of MSME in the new normal era.
The motivation of rice farmers toward organic rice farming in Sleman Regency
Authors: Rahmawati Nur , Juwati Kristi , Hamdzah Nor Lailatul Azilah
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the motivation of rice farmers toward organic rice farming and the factors of their motivation in organic farming. The research was conducted in Sleman Regency as it has applied the principles of organic rice, although not completely. The sample in this study amounted to 91 farmers. This study employed descriptive analysis with scoring technique and motivation model using the ERG theory. The results uncovered that the motivation of rice farmers in Sleman Regency toward organic rice farming, especially on the needs for existence, belonged to the high category with an average score of 3.78, the relatedness needs was included in the high category with an average score of 4.15, and the growth needs was also in the high category with an average score of 3.43. Therefore, the motivation of rice farmers toward organic rice farming in Sleman Regency, particularly in fulfilling primary, interaction, and developing needs, was high.
Farmers’ behavior towards risks of shallot farming: a case study in Kalisoro village, Tawangmangu district, Karanganyar regency, Central Java
Authors: Sriyadi  , Yekti Ananti
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to analyze the level of risk of shallot farming income, investigate the behavior of farmers on the risk of shallot farming, and find out the factors which could influence the farmers’ Behaviors on the risk of shallot farming. This research was conducted by surveying interviews with farmers and related parties as well as field observations. The results showed that shallot farming had a fairly high variation or risk of income. The majority of farmers have adverse behavior towards the risk of shallot farming. The wider the area of land was, the older the farmer was, and the more often they failed so that as a result, the greater the farmer's aversion to risk was faced. Meanwhile, the higher the education level, the more experienced shallot farming, the greater the number of family members, and the higher the income from farming, the smaller the risk aversion of farmers was faced as well. The research results showed that the risk of shallot farming income was greater because of variations in production process. The difference of production variation due to the planting of shallots not simultaneously, so it was recommended that farmers should plant the shallots on time and simultaneously.
Technical efficiency of semi organic rice farming In Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Istiyanti Eni , Wulandari Retno , Widowati Indah
Published: November 2021

The transition from conventional to organic agriculture is semi-organic farming. This study aims to analyze the technical efficiency and the factors that affect the technical inefficiency of semi-organic rice farming. The research was conducted in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta which was selected purposively. The number of respondents was 100 farmers determined by the multistage random sampling method. The Cobb Douglass frontier production function was used to analyze the technical efficiency. The results showed that the production factors that had a positive effect on semi-organic rice production were manure, phonska fertilizer, family workforce and non-family workforce, while the urea fertilizer had a negative effect. Semi-organic rice farming in Sleman Regency is not technically efficient with an average technical efficiency coefficient of 0.518. The age of farmer and land status has a effect on the technical inefficiency of semi-organic rice farming. Semi-organic rice farmers in Sleman Regency should reduce the use of urea fertilizer because it has a negative effect on production.
Study on the off-season shallot seed storage using biological pesticides in Kretek district, Bantul regency, Yogyakarta special region
Authors: Fajri M , Cahyaningrum Nurdeana , Irawati  , Purwaningsih Heni
Published: November 2021

Farmers in the Samiran village use chemical pesticides to store their shallots. The purpose of this study was to examine the storage of shallot seeds from the off-season crops using biological pesticides. The research was conducted in March 2018 in the Ngudi Makmur farmer group. The research materials used were red onion varieties and biological pesticide of neem. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with 3 factors with 2 replications. The factors were the type of biological pesticide (liquid and powder), storage treatment (hanging and in the basket), and the shallot varieties (Bimo, Crok Kuning, and Tajuk). The parameters observed were weight loss, damage level, growth capacity, and chemical composition. The results showed that the lowest weight loss was the storage of shallot off-season in the bucket with liquid pesticides on the Crok Kuning variety, while the high growth power test results were hanging. The treatment of biological pesticides can reduce the percentage of onion weight loss, while the use of powdered neem leaves can affect the weight loss, but it is not too high compared to the control. Hanging storage is better than basket storage because yield loss due to weight loss in basket is higher.
Traditional Views and Attitude Toward Waste and Rivers in Indonesia: Challenges of Cleaning Up the Indonesia Polluted Enviroment
Authors: Suwarno Peter , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: November 2021

Since water is an indispensable part of humanity, human communities settle near water sources, and one of the most popular water sources is a river. In the past millennial, around 80% of Javanese communities were located near rivers. However, traditional views, attitudes, and behavior during the development and urbanization era and lack of political will have compromised sustainable uses of rivers choked with pollution from industrial and neighborhood wastes. This paper will discuss the stories of pollution and waste management that have led to Indonesia being one of the most polluted nations by looking at traditional socio-cultural views of waste and rivers and efforts to deal with the problems of garbage. This study is mainly based on various data from previous research, NGO and government programs, and interviews with local community members and leaders. In addition to the challenges of garbage disposal and cleaning up Indonesian rivers, this study will conclude with suggestions on how to change people’s attitudes and behavior and government programs to create long-term sustainable and participative waste management efforts in Indonesia.
Human Capital Accumulation and Entrepreneurial Spirit of Migrants Returns in Cilacap Regency, Central Java Province
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto , Falah Fajrul
Published: November 2021

Returning migrants generally have a high dependence on working abroad because remittances are used for consumptive and investment needs. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the accumulation of human capital and its entrepreneurial spirit. Because of that, the purpose of this study is to explain the influence of social demographic factors of returning migrants in improving their household welfare and to explain the use of human capital and entrepreneurial spirit of migrants return to improving household welfare. This study used survey and case studies design. The research was conducted in Cilacap Regency. The sample size was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan technique. Data collection used structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis, single frequency distribution table and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that migrants return to accumulate human capital (knowledge, skills, and technology in agriculture and domestic work, skills in using foreign languages, use of free time for online business, and recreational habits on holidays. In general, returning migrants have a high entrepreneurial spirit, mainly in the form of innovation, the courage to take risks, perceptions of opportunities, and intuition related to entrepreneurship.
The Influence of Javanese Culture on Hadhrami Community in Coastal Society of Semarang
Authors: Amaruli Rabith Jihan , Sulistiyono Singgih Tri , Yuliati Dewi , Susilowati Endang
Published: November 2021

From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, Hadhrami immigrants had formed colonies in Semarang, the north coast of Java. They inhabited Arab areas such as Kampung Melayu and Kampung Kauman. In the 1970s to 1980s, due to ecological change and economic problems, some of them left these areas and moved to other areas in Semarang. It caused cultural encounters between Hadhrami and Javanese to become much more intensive. Through literature studies, observations, and interviews, this study aims to identify the influence of Javanese culture on the Hadhrami community in contemporary Semarang. In the process, cultural encounters emerged between hybrid generations which created hybrid cultures. It can be seen by language, fashion, and food. In this context, the hybridity is caused by the history and character of Semarang as a coastal society that is fluid and cosmopolitan.
Hanging Out Phenomenon at Coffee Shop as An Environmental - based Economic tool in Covid-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Agusetyaningrum Anjani , Harry Kistanto Nurdien
Published: November 2021

The cultural phenomenon of hanging out in coffee shops is now a phenomenon often found in big cities. This phenomenon is closely related to various circles, both upper and middle classes, with the age range of adolescents to adults. In the past, the phenomenon of hanging out in a coffee shop was only used as a meeting place for businessmen or office workers, but nowadays, hanging out has become a lifestyle for young people. This phenomenon is interesting to further research under the title "Hanging Out Phenomenon at Coffee Shop as An Environmental-based Economic tool in Covid-19 Pandemic Era". The method in this research is a qualitative method using data collected from observation and literature study. The authors shall describe the phenomenology of hanging out at coffee shops that could affect the environmental-based economy in the Covid-19 pandemic situation.
The Effect of Macroeconomic Variables on Environment Quality during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nabila Rifda , Mangku Bahjatulloh Qi , Puspita Rosana Eri , Asna Annisa Arna , Rofiuddin Mohammad , Anwar Saiful
Published: November 2021

The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects every part of human life, including the physical world. The measures taken to control the spread of the virus have had a significant impact on slowing economic activity and the quality of the environment. This study discusses the macroeconomic variables on environmental quality during the pandemic. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between economic growth, human quality, poverty, and global trade on the quality of the environment in Indonesia. The data used a cross-sectional study for 34 provinces in Indonesia during 2020, while it analyzed the data using a multiple linear regression approach. The study results found that human quality has a positive effect on environmental quality in Indonesia, while the economic growth, poverty, and global trade variables have a negative effect. Novelty in this study examines the factors in the economy that affect the environment in the pandemic era.
Ili-Ili: A Local Knowledge of Water Management in Temangung Regency, Central Java
Authors: Finariyah Finariyah , Masruroh Noor Naelil
Published: November 2021

Water is the most important resource for human life. Not only for households, but water also has an important role in agricultural activities. An irrigation system with the local wisdom of the local community is present to support the sustainability of rice fields which has been known for a long time. But today, water is becoming an expensive commodity that is always commercialized. Water has also been a source of conflict in some places. In Temanggung Regency, local people know the existence of ili-ili, an informal institution that plays a role in regulating the irrigation for rice fields during the dry season. Not only for agricultural rice fields, but ili-ili also regulates the distribution of water to households fairly and without conflict. However, recently no more young people have continued these democratic and fair water management systems. This article uses the historical method, which emphasizes sources analysis and observations. This study proposes a solution to support the continuity of the traditional institution. The local government needs to support by making the water regulators part of the village government so that each community are able to enjoy the water together without causing new conflicts.
Politeness in the Use of Language in Social Media
Authors: Chandra Oktiva Herry
Published: November 2021

The use of social media in communication changes the way people express the idea represented through their language. This study aims to seek for the form of communication patterns in social media and to reveal causes of specific pattern language usage found in media, especially in office domain. The study was conducted using descriptive qualitative by describing the results of observations, interviews, and documentation. The data were collected by non-participatory observation method and note taking technique. Based on the results of the analysis of the data, it can be concluded that the communication patterns are realized in the form of: (1) various forms of language which do not meet the standard language, (2) the use of other non-verbal representations, such as emoticon, and (3) ecrononciation, that is, writing the spoken language. The choice of utterances is affected by relative status, social distance and range of imposition. As communicating to others, most utterances represent the obedience to politeness maxim, namely be friendly (sumanak), be considerate (tepa slira), suitable topic to event (empan papan), and pleasant voice true and good temper (nuju prana).