bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrokinetics meets electrohydrodynamics
Authors: Bazant Martin Z.
Published: September 2015

Despite studying the same subject – electrically induced flow – the fields of electrokinetics (EK) and electrohydrodynamics (EHD) have developed separately, for different types of fluids and interfaces. In colloids or porous media, EK phenomena derive from the electro-osmotic slip of a liquid electrolyte across the neutral electric double layer on a solid surface. On the other hand, EHD phenomena involve poorly conducting neutral fluids and solids, whose interfaces acquire net charge in response to electric fields. Over the past decade, combined theories of EK and EHD have emerged for fluid/solid interfaces, and now Schnitzer & Yariv (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 773, 2015, pp. 1–33) have taken a major step towards unifying EK and EHD for fluid/fluid interfaces. Following previous work by Baygents and Saville, they derive the classical Taylor–Melcher model of droplet EHD as the large-field thin-double-layer limit of the electrokinetic equations, thus elucidating the ubiquitous ‘leaky dielectric’ approximation. Future work could consider the secondary electro-osmotic flow and electrophoretic motion of the drop (neglected here as small perturbations) and allow for more general EK models.
The New Southern Studies and Rethinking the Question, “Is There Still a South?”
Authors: OWNBY TED
Published: September 2015

Thinking about the approach and scholarship called the New Southern Studies takes me back to the first years in my position in southern studies and history at the University of Mississippi. When I started that job in 1988, I had a great deal to learn, especially about the recent and contemporary South. So I turned to the best scholarly books I could find, especially those by my fellow historians and also by social scientists, literary scholars, music scholars, and folklorists.
Assessing risk factors of sporadicCampylobacterinfection: a case-control study in Arizona
Authors: POGREBA-BROWN K. , BAKER A. , ERNST K. , STEWART J. , HARRIS R. B. , WEISS J.
Published: September 2015

Case-control studies of sporadicCampylobacterinfections have predominately been conducted in non-Hispanic populations. In Arizona, rates of campylobacteriosis have been historically higher than the national average, with particularly high rates in Hispanics. In 2010, health departments and a state university collaborated to conduct a statewide case-control study to determine whether risk factors differ in an ethnically diverse region of the United States. Statistically significant risk factors in the final multivariate model were: eating cantaloupe [odds ratio (OR) 7·64], handling raw poultry (OR 4·88) and eating queso fresco (OR 7·11). In addition, compared to non-Hispanic/non-travellers, the highest risk group were Hispanic/non-travellers (OR 7·27), and Hispanic/travellers (OR 5·87, not significant). Results of this study suggest Hispanics have higher odds of disease, probably due to differential exposures. In addition to common risk factors, consumption of cantaloupe was identified as a significant risk factor. These results will inform public health officials of the varying risk factors forCampylobacterin this region.
‘When operating a cafeteria, sales come before nutrition’ – finding barriers and facilitators to serving reduced-sodium meals in worksite cafeterias
Authors: Park Sohyun , Lee Jounghee
Published: September 2015

Objective

The present study was conducted to examine barriers to and facilitators of serving reduced-sodium meals (RSM) in worksite cafeterias.

Design

We conducted in-depth interviews with key stakeholders in food catering companies.

Setting

Food catering companies at various customer sites in South Korea.

Subjects

A total of nineteen interviews with twenty-five participants from ten catering companies were conducted. Sixteen on-site dietitians and nine managers from the catering companies’ headquarters participated in the interviews.

Results

Four main themes emerged from the interviews. First, key stakeholders’ psychosocial characteristics (perception, intention and knowledge) are important in serving RSM in worksite cafeterias. Second, skills and techniques related to measuring sodium content and preparing RSM were emphasized by the interviewees. Third, the lack of various delicious low-sodium menus is a barrier to serving RSM. Lastly, a number of environmental factors were addressed, which include social support for reduced-sodium diets (a facilitator) and pressure to maintain profit margins (a barrier), that contribute to serving meals with less salt. Based on these factors, various recommendations for future sodium reduction policies and programmes were suggested.

Conclusions

It is important to implement population-wide sodium reduction as a means of preventing CVD and stroke. The study provided important facilitators of and barriers to serving RSM in worksite cafeterias, which could be helpful in developing environmental interventions that promote low-sodium diets.
Nutritional status, tooth wear and quality of life in Brazilian schoolchildren
Authors: Andrade Francisco Juliherme Pires de , Sales-Peres André de Carvalho , Moura-Grec Patricia Garcia de , Mapengo Marta Artemisa Abel , Sales-Peres Arsenio , Sales-Peres Sílvia Helena de Carvalho
Published: September 2015

Objective

To evaluate the correlation among nutritional status, tooth wear and quality of life in Brazilian schoolchildren.

Design

The study followed a cross-sectional design. Nutritional status was measured via anthropometry using BMI and tooth wear was measured using the Dental Wear Index; both these assessments were carried out by a trained recorder according to standard criteria. A modified version of the Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances was used to assess quality of life.

Setting

City of Bauru, in Brazil.

Subjects

A cluster sample of 396 schoolchildren (194 boys and 202 girls) aged 7–10 years.

Results

The anthropometric assessment showed similar situations for both sexes regarding underweight (31·40 % in boys and 30·20 % in girls) and overweight/obesity (33·96 % in boys and 33·17 % in girls). The underweight children showed a greater severity of tooth wear in the primary teeth (OR=0·72; CI 0·36, 1·42), although in the permanent dentition the obese children had a greater severity of tooth wear (OR=1·42; 95 % CI 0·31, 6·55). The tooth wear was correlated with age for both dentitions.

Conclusions

Tooth wear in the primary and permanent dentition may be related to nutritional status. Tooth wear and obesity did not have a significant impact on the schoolchildren’s perception of quality of life.
CATEGORICITY OF MODULAR AND SHIMURA CURVES
Authors: Daw Christopher , Harris Adam
Published: September 2015

We describe a model-theoretic setting for the study of Shimura varieties, and study the interaction between model theory and arithmetic geometry in this setting. In particular, we show that the model-theoretic statement of a certain${\mathcal{L}}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}_{1},\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}}$-sentence having a unique model of cardinality$\aleph _{1}$is equivalent to a condition regarding certain Galois representations associated with Hodge-generic points. We then show that for modular and Shimura curves this${\mathcal{L}}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}_{1},\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}}$-sentence has a unique model in every infinite cardinality. In the process, we prove a new characterisation of the special points on any Shimura variety.
Weed suppression and soybean yield in a no-till cover-crop mulched system as influenced by six rye cultivars
Authors: Wells M. Scott , Brinton Carrie M. , Reberg-Horton S. Chris
Published: September 2015

Cover crop mulches have been successful in reducing weed severity in organic soybeans. This study examined six rye cultivars (SRCs) used as cover crops to determine which were most adapted for use with a roller–crimper in the southeastern U.S. To be an effective mulch, a rye cultivar must produce high biomass and reach reproductive growth stage to facilitate mechanical termination via the roller–crimper prior to soybean planting. Rye cultivars were planted at three locations in North Carolina over the 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. Each rye cultivar was mechanically terminated via a roller–crimper implement. Rye cover crops were terminated on two dates and soybeans were immediately no-till planted into the mulch. In 2009, all rye cultivars produced greater than 9000 kg ha−1 rye biomass dry matter (DM) with the exception of Rymin at Plymouth (2009), but in 2010 only the early flowering cultivars produced in excess of 9000 kg ha−1 DM. There were no detectable soybean yield differences between the SRCs and the weed-free checks, and weed control was excellent across all SRCs at both Plymouth and Salisbury (2009). After an unseasonably cold and wet winter in 2010, the late flowering rye cultivars were not fully controlled by the early termination date due to delayed maturation (less than 65% control at 2 WAP) whereas the early flowering cultivars were fully controlled (100% control at 2 WAP). Rye biomass production was below 9000 kg ha−1 DM for the late flowering and dough development rye cultivars. The early-terminated rye plots had greater weed coverage across all SRCs than those from the late termination date (P < 0.01). However, weeds did not impact soybean yield for either of the termination dates. Soybean yield in 2010 was modeled with rye biomass and soybean population used as covariates, and for both termination dates, soybean yield was proportional to rye biomass production. Early flowering rye cultivars offer producers the widest range of termination opportunities that best coincide with their cash crop planting dates.
Jean Elshtain, Defender of the Family
Authors: Mansbridge Jane
Published: September 2015

In 1951, when Jean Elshtain was ten, she contracted polio. In the small Colorado town where she grew up (then as now, the population was under 200), the medical system did not understand well how to deal with polio. Her doctors sent her to a hospital, separated her from her parents, withdrew fluid from her spinal cord without anesthetic, and, for fear of contagion, sequestered her in a single room where even the nurse feared contact. Elshtain said later, “The only person I saw during that time was a nurse who [would] … put a meal down and leave a bedpan.” After the nurse hurriedly left the room, this ten-year old girl faced the walls and her condition by herself.
Jane Addams as Feminist Heroine: Democracy and Contentious Politics
Authors: Hirschmann Nancy J.
Published: September 2015

I have long been a puzzled admirer of Jean Elshtain's work, going back to graduate school when Public Man, Private Woman (Elshtain 1981) first came out, and I read it for a class in feminist theory taught by Nancy Hartsock. I remember another student, a Marxist, wrinkling her nose and saying about the author, “she's really pretty conservative, don't you think?” I had a hard time understanding this question. As a newcomer to feminism in the early 1980s, I perhaps naively thought that anyone who recognized that gender was an important category for political analysis, that it was a realm of inequality, and that canonical political theory actually had a lot to say about it despite the fact that most of our professors always blithely ignored it, was, by definition, pretty radical.
Occurrence of the coral Porites panamensis (Cnidaria: Scleractinia) in an estuarine environment of the Colombian Pacific
Authors: Zapata Fernando A. , Lozano-Cortés Diego F.
Published: September 2015

Porites panamensisis the scleractinian coral with the widest latitudinal distribution in the eastern tropical Pacific. Here, we report the occurrence ofP. panamensisin an estuarine environment of the central Pacific coast of Colombia at the rocky reef of Los Negritos, Málaga Bay.Porites panamensisseems to withstand a wide range of environmental settings, including areas with unfavourable conditions for the survival of most other corals. Such wide tolerance may explain its broad latitudinal distribution in the eastern tropical Pacific.
Endokrine Ursachen eines akuten Delirs
Authors: Henzen Christoph
Published: September 2015

Zusammenfassung. Die Differenzialdiagnose eines akuten deliranten Syndroms ist breit, und neben den gängigen zerebrovaskulären und infektiösen Erkrankungen, Intoxikationen und metabolischen Ursachen kann sich eine ganze Reihe von endokrinen Krankheitsbildern derart manifestieren. Der Review gibt eine Übersicht über die möglichen endokrinen Ätiologien sowie deren klinische Präsentation, Diagnostik und Therapie.
Psychotische Störungen: besondere Aspekte in der hausärztlichen Praxis
Authors: Kurmann Julius
Published: September 2015

Zusammenfassung. Der Hausarzt wird oft in Notsituationen erste Ansprechperson für Patienten mit einer psychotischen Störung. Im folgenden Artikel werden Grundkenntnisse über die psychotischen Störungen vermittelt sowie die wichtigsten psychotischen Störungen dargestellt, die in einer hausärztlichen Praxis vorkommen.
Infants born large-for-gestational-age display slower growth in early infancy, but no epigenetic changes at birth
Authors: Chiavaroli Valentina , Cutfield Wayne S. , Derraik José G. B. , Pan Zengxiang , Ngo Sherry , Sheppard Allan , Craigie Susan , Stone Peter , Sadler Lynn , Ahlsson Fredrik
Published: September 2015

We evaluated the growth patterns of infants born large-for-gestational-age (LGA) from birth to age 1 year compared to those born appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA). In addition, we investigated possible epigenetic changes associated with being born LGA. Seventy-one newborns were classified by birth weight as AGA (10th–90thpercentile; n = 42) or LGA (>90thpercentile; n = 29). Post-natal follow-up until age 1 year was performed with clinical assessments at 3, 6 and 12 months. Genome-wide DNA methylation was analysed on umbilical tissue in 19 AGA and 27 LGA infants. At birth, LGA infants had greater weight (p < 0.0001), length (p < 0.0001), ponderal index (p = 0.020), as well as greater head (p < 0.0001), chest (p = 0.044) and abdominal (p = 0.007) circumferences than AGA newborns. LGA infants were still larger at the age of 3 months, but by age 6 months there were no more differences between groups, due to higher length and weight increments in AGA infants between 0 and 6 months (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Genome-wide analysis showed no epigenetic differences between LGA and AGA infants. Overall, LGA infants had slower growth in early infancy, being anthropometrically similar to AGA infants by 6 months of age. In addition, differences between AGA and LGA newborns were not associated with epigenetic changes.
Motor function benefits of visual restoration measured in age-related cataract and simulated patients: Case-control and clinical experimental studies
Authors: Ayaki Masahiko , Nagura Takeo , Toyama Yoshiaki , Negishi Kazuno , Tsubota Kazuo
Published: September 2015

The aim of the present study was to measure gait velocity in cataract and simulated patients. The study was performed on 239 cataract patients, 115 age-matched subjects and 11 simulated patients. We measured gait velocity and analyzed gait using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Mean gait velocity before and 2 and 7 months after cataract surgery was 0.91 ± 0.19, 1.04 ± 0.21 and 1.06 ± 0.21 m/s, respectively, for males and 0.84 ± 0.22, 0.91 ± 0.24 and 0.92 ± 0.25 m/s, respectively, for females. The increase after surgery was significant in both groups at 7 months (P < 0.05). Gait velocity was significantly slower in cataract patients compared with controls before surgery, but no longer different after surgery. In simulated patients, mean velocity was 87.0 ± 11.4% of normal vision with a 3° visual field and 92.4 ± 12.3% of normal when counting fingers. Initial velocity was 89.1 ± 14.6% of normal vision with a 3° visual field and 92.7 ± 11.6% of normal when counting fingers. There was a significant difference between normal and impaired visual function (P < 0.05). The results demonstrate the close relationship between visual function and gait in cataract patients and simulated patients.
25 MHz clock continuous-variable quantum key distribution system over 50 km fiber channel
Authors: Wang Chao , Huang Duan , Huang Peng , Lin Dakai , Peng Jinye , Zeng Guihua
Published: September 2015

In this paper, a practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution system is developed and it runs in the real-world conditions with 25 MHz clock rate. To reach high-rate, we have employed a homodyne detector with maximal bandwidth to 300 MHz and an optimal high-efficiency error reconciliation algorithm with processing speed up to 25 Mbps. To optimize the stability of the system, several key techniques are developed, which include a novel phase compensation algorithm, a polarization feedback algorithm and related stability method on the modulators. Practically, our system is tested for more than 12 hours with a final secret key rate of 52 kbps over 50 km transmission distance, which is the highest rate so far in such distance. Our system may pave the road for practical broadband secure quantum communication with continuous variables in the commercial conditions.
DAMP production by human islets under low oxygen and nutrients in the presence or absence of an immunoisolating-capsule and necrostatin-1
Authors: Paredes-Juarez Genaro A. , Sahasrabudhe Neha M. , Tjoelker Reina S. , de Haan Bart J. , Engelse Marten A. , de Koning Eelco J. P. , Faas Marijke M. , de Vos Paul
Published: September 2015

In between the period of transplantation and revascularization, pancreatic islets are exposed to low-oxygen and low-nutrient conditions. In the present study we mimicked those conditions in vitro to study the involvement of different cell death processes, release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) and associated in vitro immune activation. Under low-oxygen and low-nutrient conditions, apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis occur in human islets. Necroptosis is responsible for DAMP-release such as dsDNA, uric acid and HMGB1. The sensors of the innate immune system able to recognize these DAMPs are mainly TLR, NOD receptors and C-type lectins. By using cell-lines with a non-functional adaptor molecule MyD88, we were able to show that the islet-derived DAMPs signal mainly via TLR. Immunoisolation in immunoprotective membranes reduced DAMP release and immune activation via retention of the relative large DAMPs in the capsules. Another effective strategy was suppressing necroptosis using the inhibitor nec-1. Although the effect on cell-survival was minor, nec-1 was able to reduce the release of HMGB1 and its associated immune activation. Our data demonstrate that in the immediate post-transplant period islets release DAMPs that in vitro enhance responses of innate immune cells. DAMP release can be reduced in vitro by immunoisolation or intervention with nec-1.
25OHD analogues and vacuum blood collection tubes dramatically affect the accuracy of automated immunoassays
Authors: Yu Songlin , Cheng Xinqi , Fang Huiling , Zhang Ruiping , Han Jianhua , Qin Xuzhen , Cheng Qian , Su Wei , Hou Li’an , Xia Liangyu , Qiu Ling
Published: September 2015

Variations in vitamin D quantification methods are large and influences of vitamin D analogues and blood collection methods have not been systematically examined. We evaluated the effects of vitamin D analogues 25OHD2 and 3-epi 25OHD3 and blood collection methods on vitamin D measurement, using five immunoassay systems and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Serum samples (332) were selected from routine vitamin D assay requests, including samples with or without 25OHD2 or 3-epi 25OHD3 and analysed using various immunoassay systems. In samples with no 25OHD2 or 3-epi 25OHD3, all immunoassays correlated well with LC-MS/MS. However, the Siemens system produced a large positive mean bias of 12.5 ng/mL and a poor Kappa value when using tubes with clot activator and gel separator. When 25OHD2 or 3-epi 25OHD3 was present, correlations and clinical agreement decreased for all immunoassays. Serum 25OHD in VACUETTE tubes with gel and clot activator, as measured by the Siemens system, produced significantly higher values than did samples collected in VACUETTE tubes with no additives. Bias decreased and clinical agreement improved significantly when using tubes with no additives. In conclusion, most automated immunoassays showed acceptable correlation and agreement with LC-MS/MS; however, 25OHD analogues and blood collection tubes dramatically affected accuracy.
Ultrafast Fabrication of Flexible Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Ultrasonic Spray-Coating Technology
Authors: Han Hyun-Gyu , Weerasinghe Hashitha C. , Min Kim Kwang , Soo Kim Jeong , Cheng Yi-Bing , Jones David J. , Holmes Andrew B. , Kwon Tae-Hyuk
Published: September 2015

This study investigates novel deposition techniques for the preparation of TiO2 electrodes for use in flexible dye-sensitized solar cells. These proposed new methods, namely pre-dye-coating and codeposition ultrasonic spraying, eliminate the conventional need for time-consuming processes such as dye soaking and high-temperature sintering. Power conversion efficiencies of over 4.0% were achieved with electrodes prepared on flexible polymer substrates using this new deposition technology and N719 dye as a sensitizer.
A covalent homodimer probing early oligomers along amyloid aggregation
Authors: Halabelian Levon , Relini Annalisa , Barbiroli Alberto , Penco Amanda , Bolognesi Martino , Ricagno Stefano
Published: September 2015

Early oligomers are crucial in amyloid aggregation; however, due to their transient nature they are among the least structurally characterized species. We focused on the amyloidogenic protein beta2-microglobulin (β2m) whose early oligomers are still a matter of debate. An intermolecular interaction between D strands of facing β2m molecules was repeatedly observed, suggesting that such interface may be relevant for β2m dimerization. In this study, by mutating Ser33 to Cys and assembling the disulphide-stabilized β2m homodimer (DimC33), such DD strand interface was locked. Although the isolated DimC33 display a stability similar to wt β2m under native conditions, it shows enhanced amyloid aggregation propensity. Three distinct crystal structures of DimC33 suggest that dimerization through the DD interface is instrumental for enhancing DimC33 aggregation propensity. Furthermore, the crystal structure of DimC33 in complex with the amyloid-specific dye Thioflavin-T pinpoints a second interface, which likely participates in the first steps of β2m aggregation. The present data provide new insight into β2m early steps of amyloid aggregation.
Ikaros mediates the DNA methylation-independent silencing of MCJ/DNAJC15 gene expression in macrophages
Authors: Navasa Nicolás , Martin-Ruiz Itziar , Atondo Estíbaliz , Sutherland James D. , Angel Pascual-Itoiz Miguel , Carreras-González Ana , Izadi Hooman , Tomás-Cortázar Julen , Ayaz Furkan , Martin-Martin Natalia , Torres Iviana M , Barrio Rosa , Carracedo Arkaitz , Olivera Elias R. , Rincón Mercedes , Anguita Juan
Published: September 2015

MCJ (DNAJC15) is a mitochondrial protein that regulates the mitochondrial metabolic status of macrophages and their response to inflammatory stimuli. CpG island methylation in cancer cells constitutes the only mechanism identified for the regulation of MCJ gene expression. However, whether DNA methylation or transcriptional regulation mechanisms are involved in the physiological control of this gene expression in non-tumor cells remains unknown. We now demonstrate a mechanism of regulation of MCJ expression that is independent of DNA methylation. IFNγ, a protective cytokine against cardiac inflammation during Lyme borreliosis, represses MCJ transcription in macrophages. The transcriptional regulator, Ikaros, binds to the MCJ promoter in a Casein kinase II-dependent manner and mediates the repression of MCJ expression. These results identify the MCJ gene as a transcriptional target of IFNγ and provide evidence of the dynamic adaptation of normal tissues to changes in the environment as a way to adapt metabolically to new conditions.
Spoof localized surface plasmons on ultrathin textured MIM ring resonator with enhanced resonances
Authors: Zhou Yong Jin , Xiao Qian Xun , Jia Yang Bao
Published: September 2015

We numerically demonstrate that spoof localized surface plasmons (LSPs) resonant modes can be enhanced based on ultrathin corrugated metal-insulator-metal (MIM) ring resonator. Further enhancement of the LSPs modes has been achieved by incorporating an efficient and ease-of-integration exciting method. Quality factors of resonance peaks have become much larger and multipolar resonances modes can be easily observed on the textured MIM ring resonator excited by a microstrip line. Experimental results validate the high-efficiency excitation and resonance enhancements of spoof LSPs modes on the MIM ring resonator in the microwave frequencies. We have shown that the fabricated resonator is sensitive to the variation of both the dielectric constant and the thickness of surrounding materials under test. The spoof plasmonic resonator can be used as key elements to provide many important device functionalities such as optical communications, signal processing and spectral engineering in the plasmonic integration platform.
Recent progress in luminescence tuning of Ce3+and Eu2+-activated phosphors for pc-WLEDs
Authors: Li Guogang , Tian Ying , Zhao Yun , Lin Jun
Published: September 2015

This review is devoted to several approaches to realize spectral tuning for improving the luminescence performance of Ce3+and Eu2+-activated pc-WLED phosphors.
Fabrication and electrochemical characterization of dopamine-sensing electrode based on modified graphene nanosheets
Authors: Bagherzadeh M. , Mozaffari S. A. , Momeni M.
Published: September 2015

Combining the unique electronic properties of graphene nanosheets (GNS) with the excellent properties of polyaniline (PANI), excellent sensitivity and selectivity towards dopamine (DA) is shown.
A Ni(i)Fe(ii) analogue of the Ni-L state of the active site of the [NiFe] hydrogenases
Authors: Perotto Carlo U. , Marshall George , Jones Graham J. , Stephen Davies E. , Lewis William , McMaster Jonathan , Schröder Martin
Published: September 2015

[Ni(L1)Fe(tBuNC)4]+ is an unprecedented Ni(i)Fe(ii) species that reproduces the electronic configuration of the Ni-L state of the [NiFe] hydrogenases.
Modulation of ROS production in photodynamic therapy using a pH controlled photoinduced electron transfer (PET) based sensitiser
Authors: Atchison Jordan , Kamila Sukanta , McEwan Conor , Nesbitt Heather , Davis James , Fowley Colin , Callan Bridgeen , McHale Anthony P. , Callan John F.
Published: September 2015

Compound4has been developed as a pH dependent sensitiser for use in photodynamic therapy.
A metal-mediated boron-centred isomerisation reaction via C–H activation
Authors: Braunschweig Holger , Jimenez-Halla J. Oscar C. , Radacki Krzysztof , Shang Rong
Published: September 2015

The terminal borylene ligand is activated by Lewis bases to couple with terminal carbonyl ligands reversibly, initially forming a kinetic coupling product, which isomerises via a borylene migratory insertion to a cyclopentadienyl ligand C–H bond.
Theoretical study of the OH-initiated atmospheric oxidation mechanism of perfluoro methyl vinyl ether, CF3OCFCF2
Authors: Vereecken L. , Crowley J. N. , Amedro D.
Published: September 2015

The fluorinated product glycolaldehyde can be catalytically converted to glyoxal + HF by H2O.
Tuning oxide activity through modification of the crystal and electronic structure: from strain to potential polymorphs
Authors: Xu Zhongnan , Kitchin John R.
Published: September 2015

The structure-sensitivity of oxide catalysts is explored using density functional theory. The potential activities of undiscovered, oxide polymorphs are evaluated for use in the oxygen evolution reaction.
The role of outer surface/inner bulk Brønsted acidic sites in the adsorption of a large basic molecule (simazine) on H-Y zeolite
Authors: Sannino Filomena , Pansini Michele , Marocco Antonello , Bonelli Barbara , Garrone Edoardo , Esposito Serena
Published: September 2015

Interesting information on the surface properties of a most studied system, zeolite H-Y, is derived from the adsorption of simazine on a liquid/solid system.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of organometallic gold(i) derivatives as anticancer agents
Authors: García-Moreno Elena , Tomás Alejandro , Atrián-Blasco Elena , Gascón Sonia , Romanos Eduardo , Rodriguez-Yoldi Mª Jesus , Cerrada Elena , Laguna Mariano
Published: September 2015

Alkyne gold(i) derivatives with the water soluble phosphanes PTA and DAPTA were described and their anticancer potential against the colon cancer cell line Caco-2 (PD7 and TC7 clones) was studied.
Structures and multiple properties of two polar metal–organic frameworks based on achiral N,O-coordinated ligands: toward multifunctional materials
Authors: Liu Guang-Ning , Zhang Ming-Jian , Liu Wan-Qing , Sun Hui , Li Xin-Yu , Li Ke , Ren Cai-Ze , Zhang Zhen-Wei , Li Cuncheng
Published: September 2015

Reported here are two polar MOFs with combined PL and SHG response or combined antiferromagnetism and photocatalysis properties.
Spin crossover in iron(ii) complexes with ferrocene-bearing triazole-pyridine ligands
Authors: Romero-Morcillo Tania , Valverde-Muñoz Francisco Javier , Piñeiro-López Lucía , Muñoz M. Carmen , Romero Tomás , Molina Pedro , Real José A.
Published: September 2015

Thermal- and light-induced spin crossover properties of two iron(ii) complexes derived from a ferrocene-appended triazole-pyridine ligand are described.
A high-pressure crystallographic and magnetic study of Na5[Mn(l-tart)2]·12H2O (l-tart =l-tartrate)
Authors: Craig Gavin A. , Woodall Christopher H. , McKellar Scott C. , Probert Michael R. , Kamenev Konstantin V. , Moggach Stephen A. , Brechin Euan K. , Parsons Simon , Murrie Mark
Published: September 2015

The crystal structure and magnetic properties of the compound Na5[Mn(l-tart)2]·12H2O (1,l-tart =l-tartrate) have been investigated over the pressure range 0.34–3.49 GPa.1retains its magnetic anisotropy even under pressure.
Surface engineering superparamagnetic nanoparticles for aqueous applications: design and characterization of tailored organic bilayers
Authors: Li Wenlu , Hinton Carl H. , Lee Seung Soo , Wu Jiewei , Fortner John D.
Published: September 2015

This work describes the synthesis and characterization of a rational series of surface tailored superparamagnetic nanoparticles, which have broad potential as platform materials for advanced environmental imaging, sensing, and remediation technologies, among others.
Quantitative analysis of sedimentary rocks using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: comparison of support vector regression and partial least squares regression chemometric methods
Authors: Shi Qi , Niu Guanghui , Lin Qingyu , Xu Tao , Li Fengjun , Duan Yixiang
Published: September 2015

Quantitative analysis of complex geological samples was performed by chemometric methods SVR and PLSR coupled with the LIBS technique.
Fabrication of hierarchically organized nanocomposites of Ba/alginate/carboxymethylcellulose/graphene oxide/Au nanoparticles and their catalytic efficiency in o-nitroaniline reduction
Authors: Thomas Molly , Naikoo Gowhar Ahmad , Sheikh Mehraj Ud Din , Bano Mustri , Khan Farid
Published: September 2015

Efficient nanocomposite hydrogel synthesis by an environmentally benign approach for the reduction of o-nitroaniline to 1,2-benzenediamine using NaBH4.
Mid-infrared spectroscopy beyond the diffraction limit via direct measurement of the photothermal effect
Authors: Katzenmeyer A. M. , Holland G. , Chae J. , Band A. , Kjoller K. , Centrone A.
Published: September 2015

Scanning thermal infrared microscopy (STIRM) is a novel method that provides the chemical composition and thermal conductivity information with nanoscale resolution.
Compact chelator-free Ni-integrated CuS nanoparticles with tunable near-infrared absorption and enhanced relaxivity for in vivo dual-modal photoacoustic/MR imaging
Authors: Gao Duyang , Zhang Pengfei , Liu Chengbo , Chen Chi , Gao Guanhui , Wu Yayun , Sheng Zonghai , Song Liang , Cai Lintao
Published: September 2015

A novel PA/MRI dual-modal imaging nanoprobe with tunable NIR absorption and enhanced T1 relaxivity was prepared via chelator-free method.
Sandwich type plasmonic platform for MEF using silver fractals
Authors: Raut Sangram L. , Rich Ryan , Shtoyko Tanya , Bora Ilkay , Laursen Bo W. , Sørensen Thomas Just , Borejdo Julian , Gryczynski Zygmunt , Gryczynski Ignacy
Published: September 2015

In this report, we describe a plasmonic platform with silver fractals for metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) measurements.
Crystal facet tailoring arts in perovskite oxides
Authors: Huang Keke , Yuan Long , Feng Shouhua
Published: September 2015

This review highlights various facet tailoring arts in perovskite structure oxides.
Insights into the mechanism and kinetics of the gas-phase atmospheric reaction of 9-chloroanthracene with NO3 radical in the presence of NOx
Authors: Dang Juan , Shi Xiangli , Zhang Qingzhu , Hu Jingtian , Wang Wenxing
Published: September 2015

9-Chloroanthracene (9-ClAnt), an important member of the chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ClPAHs).
On/off switching of structural color by using multi-bilayered films containing copolymers having azobenzene and biphenyl side groups
Authors: Yagi Ryohei , Iwamoto Hiroyuki , Kuwahara Yutaka , Kim Sun-Nam , Ogata Tomonari , Kurihara Seiji
Published: September 2015

In this paper, the change in structural color of multi-bilayered films fabricated by stacking copolymers, PMAz–PMBP (m : ), consisting of azobenzene and biphenyl side chain groups, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) alternately, was investigated.
A metal catalyst-free and one-pot synthesis of (3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-2-yl)methanol derivatives in water
Authors: Singh Shambhu Nath , Jayaprakash Sarva , Venkateshwara Reddy K. , Nakhi Ali , Pal Manojit
Published: September 2015

Regioselective synthesis of (3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-2-yl)methanols have been accomplished via a greener method.
A simple one-step hydrothermal route towards water solubilization of carbon quantum dots from soya-nuggets for imaging applications
Authors: Dubey Prashant , Tripathi Kumud Malika , Mishra Ragini , Bhati Anshu , Singh Anupriya , Sonkar Sumit Kumar
Published: September 2015

A high yield simple synthetic approach for water soluble photoluminescent carbon quantum dots via a single step, hydrothermal process, was described. Photoluminescent multi-colored emissions were used to label E. coli cells.
β-Cyclodextrin in water: highly facile biomimetic one pot deprotection of phenolic THP/MOM/Ac/Ts ethers and concomitant regioselective cyclization of chalcone epoxides and 2′-aminochalcones
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Verma Nishant , Ahmed Naseem
Published: September 2015

A “green” and mild catalytic method for the deprotection of THP/MOM/Ac/Ts ethers and the concomitant cyclizations of epoxy chalcone to 2-hydroxyindanone or 2′-aminochalcone to aza-flavanone are reported.
Atmospheric chemistry of alkyl iodides: theoretical studies on the mechanisms and kinetics of CH3I/C2H5I + NO3reactions
Authors: Bai Feng-Yang , Wang Xu , Sun Yan-Qiu , Pan Xiu-Mei
Published: September 2015

Mechanisms and kinetics of the reactions of the NO3radical with CH3I and C2H5I have been investigated from a sound theoretical basis.
Silver-catalyzed direct spirocyclization of alkynes with thiophenols: a simple and facile approach to 3-thioazaspiro[4,5]trienones
Authors: Cui Huanhuan , Wei Wei , Yang Daoshan , Zhang Jimei , Xu Zhihong , Wen Jiangwei , Wang Hua
Published: September 2015

A convenient and efficient silver-catalyzed direct oxidative spirocyclization of alkynes with thiophenols leading to 3-thioazaspiro[4,5]trienones has been developed under air.
Electrochemical properties of SnO2 nanoparticles immobilized within a metal–organic framework as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Buxue , Wang Ziqi , Cui Yuanjing , Yang Yu , Wang Zhiyu , Qian Guodong
Published: September 2015

SnO2 nanoparticles have been immobilized within MIL-101(Cr) crystals through a post-synthesis method for a lithium-ion battery anode.
Controlled catalytic domain formation by mixed iron halide compounds to decrease the waviness of carbon nanotube arrays
Authors: Moon Sook Young
Published: September 2015

In this study, we present a method for controlling the waviness of carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays by adopting a two-phase catalytic system.
Detection of copper(ii) and aluminium(iii) by a new bis-benzimidazole Schiff base in aqueous media via distinct routes
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Kumar Amit , Dubey Mrigendra , Biswas Arnab , Pandey Daya Shankar
Published: September 2015

Synthesis and characterization of a bis-benzimidazole appended Schiff base ligand, 2-(3,5-bis(1H-benzimidazole-2-yl)-phenyliminomethyl)phenol (H3L) displaying excellent selectivity towards Cu2+and Al3+in mixed aqueous media.
Quantitative proteomic analysis of synovial tissue from rats with collagen-induced arthritis
Authors: Huang Wei , Liang Qinghua , Chen Jiang , Zhu Hao , Xie Wei , Wang Yang , Yang Bo , Peng Weijun , Xiong Xingui
Published: September 2015

The pathway networks involved in RA pathological process were analyzed by Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA).
Radiopaque poly(ε-caprolactone) as additive for X-ray imaging of temporary implantable medical devices
Authors: Samuel Rémi , Girard Edouard , Chagnon Grégory , Dejean Stéphane , Favier Denis , Coudane Jean , Nottelet Benjamin
Published: September 2015

A family of radiopaque PCL, poly(ε-caprolactone-co-α-triiodobenzoate-ε-caprolactone), has been designed, used and evaluated as macromolecular contrast agent for X-ray imaging of implantable polymeric biomaterials.
Design of a protein tag and fluorogenic probe with modular structure for live-cell imaging of intracellular proteins
Authors: Kamikawa Yuko , Hori Yuichiro , Yamashita Kazuo , Jin Lin , Hirayama Shinya , Standley Daron M. , Kikuchi Kazuya
Published: September 2015

Quick and no-wash labeling of intracellular proteins was achieved in live cells using a PYP-tag mutant and a membrane-permeable fluorogenic probe with modular structures.
Facile fabrication of mesoporous BiOCl/(BiO)2CO3/Bi2O3 ternary flower-like heterostructured microspheres with high visible-light-driven photoactivity
Authors: Etogo Atangana , Hu Enlai , Zhou Chunmei , Zhong Yijun , Hu Yong , Hong Zhanglian
Published: September 2015

Mesoporous BiOCl/Bi2O3/(BiO)2CO3 ternary flower-like heterostructured microspheres have been synthesized which exhibit remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic pollutants.
Multiple‐input multiple‐output symbol rate signal digital predistorter for non‐linear multi‐carrier satellite channels
Authors: Zenteno Efrain , Piazza Roberto , Bhavani Shankar M.R. , Rönnow Daniel , Ottersten Björn
Published: September 2015

A digital predistortion (DPD) scheme is presented for non‐linear distortion mitigation in multi‐carrier satellite communication channels. The proposed DPD has a multiple‐input multiple‐output architecture similar to data DPD schemes. However, it enhances the mitigation performance of data DPDs using a multi‐rate processing algorithm to achieve spectrum broadening of non‐linear operators. Compared to single carrier (single‐input single‐output) signal (waveform) DPD schemes, the proposed DPD has lower digital processing rate reducing the required hardware cost of the predistorter. The proposed DPD outperforms, in total degradation, both data and signal DPD schemes. Further, it performs closest to a channel bound described by an ideally mitigated channel with limited maximum output power.
Wrinkles and splay conspire to give positive disclinations negative curvature
Authors: Matsumoto Elisabetta A. , Vega Daniel A. , Pezzutti Aldo D. , García Nicolás A. , Chaikin Paul M. , Register Richard A.
Published: September 2015

Significance

Diblock copolymers, polymers made by covalently bonding two otherwise immiscible polymers together, are prized for their robust ability to self-assemble into highly ordered geometric structures. Likewise, there has been recent interest in the ability to control the global geometry of a surface, merely by modifying its local microstructure. Here, we take advantage of the defect structure arising from a slow annealing of a thin film of cylinder-forming diblock copolymers as a means of guiding the geometry of an emergent three-dimensional structure.
Access management: the overlooked but critical enabler
Authors: LLOYD Tim
Published: September 2015

Key points

Access management (AM) is a critical, but often overlooked, enabler for publishers looking to expand the appeal of their online resources.

This article examines why publishers underinvest in AM, and provides practical examples of how this impacts productivity and growth across the organization.

Three AM trends that offer new growth opportunities are also explored: (i) enabling a wider range of customer types and business models, (ii) supporting a more diverse range of access scenarios, and (iii) facilitating greater personalization through identity management.

Publishers need to review their AM strategy in light of these opportunities. In particular, publishers that currently support AM in‐house should outsource to specialist vendors if they are not fully committed to investing the expertise and time needed to support this increasing sophistication.
User experience methodology: from the physical to the emotional
Authors: PRIESTLEY Owen
Published: September 2015

Key points

Understanding users is vital to any interface design.

People vary enormously – this affects not only the design but also the ways that we assess interface design success.

To fully understand users we need to pair quantitative data with qualitative research.
gp78 functions downstream of Hrd1 to promote degradation of misfolded proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Zhang Ting , Xu Yue , Liu Yanfen , Ye Yihong
Published: September 2015

Eukaryotic cells eliminate misfolded proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via a conserved process termed ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Central regulators of the ERAD system are membrane-bound ubiquitin ligases, which are thought to channel misfolded proteins through the ER membrane during retrotranslocation. Hrd1 and gp78 are mammalian ubiquitin ligases homologous to Hrd1p, an ubiquitin ligase essential for ERAD in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the functional relevance of these proteins to Hrd1p is unclear. In this paper, we characterize the gp78-containing ubiquitin ligase complex and define its functional interplay with Hrd1 using biochemical and recently developed CRISPR-based genetic tools. Our data show that transient inactivation of the gp78 complex by short hairpin RNA–mediated gene silencing causes significant stabilization of both luminal and membrane ERAD substrates, but unlike Hrd1, which plays an essential role in retrotranslocation and ubiquitination of these ERAD substrates, knockdown of gp78 does not affect either of these processes. Instead, gp78 appears to act downstream of Hrd1 to promote ERAD via cooperation with the BAG6 chaperone complex. We conclude that the Hrd1 complex forms an essential retrotranslocation module that is evolutionarily conserved, but the mammalian ERAD system uses additional ubiquitin ligases to assist Hrd1 during retrotranslocation.
Henry VIII, King of England
Authors: Covington Sarah
Published: September 2015

Henry VIII bestrode his era with the kind of imposing confidence that he projected in his famous wide-legged posture immortalized in the portrait by Hans Holbein, and he has never left center stage since. Yet, as G. R. Elton once wrote, “because [Henry] so much succeeded in identifying his personality with his age, the problems of that age leave the king himself still the subject of debate” (Elton 1974–1992, cited under Politics and Government, p. 100). Elton himself denuded Henry of any particular originality of vision, leaving all agency, at least in governmental matters, to his secretary, Thomas Cromwell. More-recent historians have brought Henry back to significance as a political operator—especially of Parliament—in his own right, while others have variously designated him as a hero or villain of the Protestant cause; a frivolous, if wily, incompetent; a flawed hero; a formidable if despotic agent of state; and the founder of the English imperium. Running through these estimations are the pivotal developments that marked his reign: for one, Henry was the ruler who instigated the momentous break with Roman Catholicism by establishing the new Church of England and officially introducing Protestantism into the country, even if he himself held to many important facets of the old faith. Equally important, he oversaw the consolidation of Tudor rule by strengthening the Crown, asserting control (for the most part) over the nobility and instigating legislative and administrative changes that led to a greater bureaucratization of government. Historians have benefited from a wealth of documentation covering these developments, even if they remain divided among themselves over interpretations yielded by the sources. Primary sources are abundant, even if the printed collections are somewhat aged at this point, and the historiography continues on, abundantly, not only with regards to the man, his wives, his government, and his reformation policies, but in popular culture, on television, and in film, which continue to drive audience hunger for knowing the man. The 500th anniversary of Henry’s accession to the throne in 2009 brought about a reassessment of his legacy, but as this article demonstrates, the need to tell the story of this complex and difficult figure displays no signs of abating.