bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estratégias de prevenção do câncer de colo de útero na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Lima Aline Oliveira Fernandes de , Santos Júnior José Batista dos , Silva Larissa Gabriele Farias e , Figueiredo Tauana Reinstein de , Diniz Samara Dantas de Medeiros , Silva Mariana Gomes da , Soares Larissa Nunes , Cavalcanti Emanuele Paula Lopes
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Descrever as estratégias para prevenção do câncer do colo do útero na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada nos meses de outubro e novembro de 2022, nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e BDENF, através do cruzamento dos descritores: “Estratégias de Saúde”, “Teste de Papanicolaou”, “Atenção Primária à Saúde” e “Neoplasias do Colo do Útero”, por meio dos operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”, como critério de inclusão, artigos que abordassem a temática, relacionados ao idioma português, inglês e espanhol, e publicações disponíveis na íntegra e gratuitamente. E como critérios de exclusão, os estudos que não abordassem a temática, além de publicações repetidas. Para a amostra final, restaram-se 09 estudos. Resultados e discussões: Na APS existem serviços que previnem e reduzem os casos de câncer de colo de útero, com isso são utilizadas a captação, a busca ativa e a educação para o autocuidado como estratégias para aumentar a adesão, investindo assim, na qualificação do sistema de saúde para redução dos índices de morbimortalidade por esse agravo, mediante ações preventivas e de promoção da saúde efetivas e eficazes. Considerações finais: Diante disso, é possível concluir que são adotadas estratégias pela APS para prevenção do câncer de colo de útero. No entanto, faz-se necessário a ampliação do significado de cuidado para as mulheres, buscando a ressignificação do autocuidado, através de abordagens participativas e dialógicas, e de estratégias que são capazes de reverter à realidade dos persistentes índices desse tipo de câncer ginecológico.
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII STRAINS ISOLATED IN DIFFERENT HOSPITALS
Authors: EROL Hilal Basak , KAŞKATEPE Banu , ALTANLAR Nurten , YILDIZ Sulhiye , YALÇIN Süleyman
Published: January 2023

Objective: The genotypic analysis of the strains can provide information to evaluate the genetic relationships among strains and epidemiological investigations, and it is crucial for monitoring their circulation in different geographic regions. This study was to aiming to identify genetic similarities or dissimilarities among clinical Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) isolates from four different hospitals.
Result and Discussion: In this study, 78 non-duplicate clinical isolates of A. baumannii were received from patients in the critical care units. The colistin MIC values of 24 A. baumannii strains randomly selected from four different hospitals and known to have antibiotic susceptibility were determined. These strains were genetically characterized by the Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR method. The results of the study showed that the isolates were divided into 2 clusters (A1 and A2) and Cluster A2 was represented by a single genotype (C1) and 23 interrelated genotypes were in Cluster A1.
Microtubules in Motion: dynamics and diversity of the microtubule cytoskeleton
Authors:   , Jansen Klara Isabel
Published: January 2023

During many years of research, the core components and mechanisms required to build a microtubule array have been identified and the basic traffic rules that apply to motor proteins navigating this microtubule network have been unraveled. A key remaining challenge is to understand how all these different components interact in intact and specialized cells to form a functional transport system. This thesis investigates how within cells a specialized microtubule array is formed, organized, and diversified for efficient navigation by motor proteins.

Formation of a specialized microtubule array:
In chapter 2, we unravel a novel cytoskeletal mechanism for neuronal polarization. We show that in developing neurons, axon specification is determined by differences in microtubule network mobility between neurites under the control of extracellular (mechanical) cues and intracellular signaling by Rho-GTPases.

Organization of an interphase microtubule array:
In chapter 3, we show that Kinesin-1 and Dynein contribute to the organization of the interphase microtubule network by driving microtubule motility, -positioning and -turnover.

Visualizing microtubule diversity in living cells:
In chapter 4, we introduce and validate a live-cell marker for stable microtubules: StableMARK. We use this new tool to study the properties of stable microtubules in living cells and visualize the spatiotemporal changes in the stable microtubule array throughout the cell cycle.

Structural features underlying microtubule diversity:
In chapter 5, we combine the power of light- and electron microscopy to study diversity in microtubule lattice spacing in intact cells. We show that most microtubules within cells have a compacted lattice, yet a subpopulation of microtubules has an expanded lattice configuration. Furthermore, we demonstrate using StableMARK that stable microtubules have an expanded lattice in situ.

In chapter 6, I discuss the findings presented in chapter 2-4 in light of the overall question of this thesis: how is an efficient cellular transport system built and maintained? In addition, some preliminary data regarding this question will presented and discussed
“Medical Adhesive Related Skin Injury” (MARSI), After Removal of Epidural Catheter Dressing”: Retrospective Audit
Authors: Abu Asal Mohammad Abdelmumen
Published: January 2023

It’s well known that after any surgical procedure, wound dressing, fixing epidural catheter, tubes or drains to the skin may lead to skin damage that may occur when medical adhesives are not selected, applied and/or removed properly. In mild cases, there may not be any visible trauma. But in other cases, the injury can be more serious, requiring additional treatment. This can be presented as blisters, skin sluffing, and rash which is called Medical Adhesive Related Skin Injury (MARSI).
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROJECT-BASED WORKSHEETS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ NATURAL SCIENCE CONCEPT UNDERSTANDING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Zulfiyah Asfa
Published: January 2023

A teacher still becomes a role model in providing a source of science and knowledge in the classroom in Indonesia up to now. Students become inactive and quickly bored during the learning process. It was due to the teacher’s teaching style that still uses traditional and less innovative. This research attempts to ascertain the effect of project-based worksheets on elementary school students’ natural science concept understanding. The research method uses a post-test-only control design of experimental quantitative research. The population in this research involved the second-grade students of SDI Miftahul Huda. There are two samples, which consist of 24 students of class IIA in the control and 24 students of class IIB in the experimental class. The data analysis used in this research is the independent sample t-test, normality testing, and homogeneity testing. As a result, a sig value (2-tailed) is 0.000 < 0.05, which means H0 is disaccepted and H1 is accepted. In addition, a significant difference between the control and experimental classes was discovered. Thus, project-based worksheets can help elementary school students to improve their understanding of natural science concepts.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ASI (AUDITORY VISUAL SELF IMPROVEMENT) MODEL THROUGH DIGITAL VISUALIZATION MEDIA FOR LEARNING TO READ POETRY IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Mufidah Imroatul , Kusumaningrum Shirly Rizki , Indra Dewi Radeni Sukma
Published: January 2023

This article describes the effect of the ASI (Auditory Visual Self Improvement) model through YouTube digital visualization media to improve students’ poetry reading skills in elementary schools. This research is a classroom action research method, which consisted of two cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The results of research in each cycle indicate an improvement. Classically, students were declared to have completed 100% of learning in cycle II, because all students in reading poetry achieved 80 or above. This learning completeness is above the KKM target of 80%. Based on these proportions, the criteria for qualitative data assessment are classified as "very good". It shows that ASI (Auditory Visual Self Improvement) learning model assisted by digital visualization media in general can be used as alternative learning to improve students’ poetry reading skills in elementary schools.
The Role of Stress and Its Hormonal Mediators in the Ontopathogeny of Cardiovascular Disorders
Authors:   Member of ISOAD, PhD in Biochemistry, Santa Maria – RS, Brazil., VI Goudochnikov , Goudochnikov NV Santos ,   Psychologist, Santa Maria – RS, Brazil.
Published: January 2023

Previously the opinion has been formed about significant relationship between stress and various diseases including cardiovascular disorders. However, the advances in biomedical science during the last decades provoke the necessity of updating this opinion. Therefore, this work aimed at presentation of bibliographic data that confirm the important role of stress in the etiopathogeny of arterial hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.
Can Recently Recommended Target Levels for LDLCholesterol and Lipoprotein(a) Be Reached by Using Intensive Lipid-Lowering Therapy Including Lipoprotein Apheresis ?
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Lenina 33 Russia., Victoria Alekseevna Korneva , Tatiana Yurievna Kuznetsova ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Lenina 33 Russia., Ulrich Julius ,   Lipidology and Lipoprotein Apheresis Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
Published: January 2023

Targets for LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) that should be aimed at have been defined by international societies. In high-risk patients they are set at 1.8 (70 mg/dL) and 1.4 mmol/L (55 mg/dL). We report our experience with respect to the use of statin and PCSK9 inhibitors in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). It was observed that in 37.5% of FH patients the target LDL-C level, corresponding to the risk category, was not achieved.
Microalgae in terms of modern-day biotechnology
Authors: Oleskin Alexander V. , Boyang Cao
Published: January 2023

Green, red, brown, and diatomic algae, as well as cyanobacteria, have been in the focus of attention of scientists and technologists for over five decades. This is due to their importance in the capacity of efficient and economical producers of food additives, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, biofertilizers, biofuels, and wastewater bioremediation agents. The present work deals with global recent relevant developments and addresses the question whether microalgae and their products can meet new challenges in terms of cutting-edge biotechnological developments based on synthetic biology, phenomics, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
Long-term transformations analysis of the structure of diatom complexes and phytoplanctonassociactions from Rybinsk and Ivankovsky reservoirs
Authors: Razumovsky Vikenty L.
Published: January 2023

The paper discusses the prospects of applying the new concept of integrated monitoring (NCIM) on the example of the Rybinsk and Ivankovo reservoirs. NCIM implies a joint study of phytoplankton, which is traditionally carried out in the water area of reservoirs during biomonitoring and layer-by-layer analysis of diatom complexes from accumulated bottom sediments. When comparing the structure of phytoplankton and diatom complexes, the work presents the results of the graphical analysis method application. The end result of the application of the NCIM should be more objective and complete data about long-term geoecological changes occurring in reservoirs.
‘Something like the truth’: Confronting the Honesty of Brutalism and Post-War Planning in The Offence
Authors: Smith Jonny
Published: January 2023

This article explores the 1973 thriller The Offence in relation to its representation and utilisation of post-war urban planning and modernist architecture, with particular reference to brutalism and new towns. It considers the film to be at a seminal intersection between British cinema and post-war modernism, building on and ultimately eclipsing Get Carter and A Clockwork Orange which have received much of the critical attention in this specialised discourse. While the film is ostensibly a character study of a troubled policeman, Detective Sergeant Johnson, I argue that The Offence’s engagement with post-war urban planning and modernist spatiality is its defining feature. The film’s extensive location shooting in Bracknell, utilising modernist and brutalist spaces, offers a direct intervention into architectural and planning discourses of the period. The Offence’s bleak narrative set within the context of a modernist new town reflects criticisms of such quintessentially post-war spaces as ‘subtopias’ to quote Ian Nairn’s polemical attacks in his 1955 book Outrage. The architectural centrepiece of The Offence is the entirely purpose-built set of the police station, where Johnson interrogates suspected child molester Baxter. As an exemplar of brutalist architecture the space conforms to Katherine Shonfield’s characterisation of brutalism as inherently honest, ‘dragging to the surface what we are in the habit of covering up’. The film’s extensive use of brutalist locations, then, creates a unique intersection and tension between the architectural style’s demand for a raw, honest edifice and the narrative’s central investigation into the impossibility of finding objective truth. The Offence is thus due a necessary reappraisal as a radical ethical and aesthetic engagement with post-war planning and architecture within British cinema.
Editorial
Authors: Silva-Esteves Raffo José Fernando
Published: January 2023

SEl año 2020 quedó marcado en la historia por la pandemia del COVID-19, nos cambió la vida a todos. Esta fue declarada como tal el 30 de enero de 2020, provocando entre otras cosas, la paralización de la Odontología. Es así como este 2022 es para todos los profesionales de la salud, un año de grandes retos y continuas innovaciones.
The Schwarzschild black hole under f(R) gravity can exist light ring
Authors: CHEN WEN-XIANG , Zheng Yao-Guang
Published: January 2023

For the relationship between the limit $y$ of the incident particle under the preset boundary (${\mu} = {y}{\omega}$), we find the relationship between the black hole thermodynamics and the light ring and use the boundary condition pair to establish y and the relationship between R. A pattern under f(R) gravity, with a possible solution. When y tends to 1. At this time, there is a potential barrier near the event horizon, that is, the Schwarzschild black hole under the gravitational force of f(R) exists a light ring.
Perceived Mental Health Among Adult Residents Living in Region 4 Illinois, U.S., During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hilmes Kailah , Ma Alice , Harville Cedric , Xin Huaibo
Published: January 2023

As of July 22, 2022, there were 3,528,282 total confirmed COVID-19 cases in Illinois, United States. The purpose of this study was to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to Illinois Region 4 adult residents’ poor mental health and assess the mental health burden the residents experienced during the pandemic. A cross-sectional survey was administered via Qualtrics. Participants (N=632) living in the Illinois Region 4 counties of Bond, Clinton, Madison, Monroe, Randolph, St. Clair, and Washington were recruited through Facebook. The questionnaire was developed based on the current literature review and was validated by colleagues in public health. Both descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for data analysis using SPSS. Most of the participants identified as female (86.7%). Many of the participants had an associate’s (23.6%) or a bachelor’s (29.4%) degree. About 84% of the participants reported that COVID-19 had changed things in their daily life (e.g., work, family, and social life). There was significantly more perceived mental health burden during the pandemic than there was before the pandemic (p<0.001). Approximately 68% of participants believed more mental health resources should be made available within their county of residence. Overall, the study findings suggest the perceived mental health burden among Region 4 adults, which highlight the need for mental health issues to be prioritized and the allocation of mental health resources to be optimized.
Comparison of Three Diabetes Risk Screening Tools Among Non-Hispanic Asian Indian Americans: ADA DRT, MDRF IDRS and HbA1c
Authors: Patel Rupal M , Misra Ranjita , Bickley Christina , Mitchell Katy
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare the relationship between two non-invasive screening tools, the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test (ADA DRT) and the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation Indian Diabetes Risk Score (MDRF IDRS), with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) to determine which tool best predicted HbA1c in Asian Indian Americans. Among Asian Americans, Asian Indian Americans have the highest prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (12.6%). Furthermore, they have a unique genetic predisposition as well as cultural and religious lifestyle practices that may contribute to increased risk. Type 2 diabetes screening tools do not address the unique risk characteristics of Asian Indian Americans. We used clinical and survey data from our previous longitudinal study with a convenience sample of adult Asian Indian Americans (n = 70) selected from a community setting. Following the consenting procedure, all participants completed the ADA DRT and MDRF IDRS questionnaires to identify their diabetes risk. After the initial screening, individuals with an MDRF IDRS score of 50 or above (n = 70) were tested for HbA1c within a month. For this, trained volunteers collected capillary blood using standardized protocol. Descriptive statistics were calculated along with Spearman correlations, Chi-Square test of independence, and linear regressions at an alpha level set at p = .05. A significant, positive relationship (rs = .30, p = .01) was found between the MDRF IDRS score and HbA1c. A positive but weak relationship was also found between ADA DRT and HbA1c (rs = .23). The MDRF IDRS was a better predictor of diabetes risk in Asian Indian Americans than ADA DRT. The MDRF IDRS is a validated, simple, low-cost tool for the detection of diabetes risk in high-risk Asian Indian Americans. Hence, it is a good tool to use for community screenings and patient education for the prevention and management of the risk of Type 2 diabetes.
A new species of Eupelte (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Peltidiidae) from Anchialine caves in Bermuda
Authors: Varela Carlos , Iliffe Thomas M , Walter T Chad
Published: January 2023

A new anchialine species of Eupelte (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Peltidiidae) is described from tidal pools and submerged passages in Bermuda caves. It is the sixth anchialine harpacticoid species known from Bermuda and the first anchialine member worldwide of the family Peltidiidae. The genus Eupelte currently contains 16 valid species, of which five have been found in the Atlantic Ocean, four in the Pacific Ocean, three in the Indian Ocean, two in the Mediterranean Sea, one in arctic waters and the last one in antarctic waters.
Primer reporte de Ornithonyssus bursa (Berlese, 1888) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae) en República Dominicana
Authors: Gómez Moya Cristina A , Flechtman Carlos H. W , Bermúdez C. Sergio E
Published: January 2023

Se reporta por primera vez para República Dominicana el ácaro Ornithonyssus bursa (Berlese) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae) y un caso de dermatitis provocado por este ácaro a humanos. El caso estuvo relacionado a una infestación de ácaros originada en nidos de Passer domesticus L. Se sospecha que casos como este podrían estar ocurriendo con más frecuencia y ser confundidos con alergias.
High glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and HK1 distribution changes
Authors: Peng Sisi , Wu Yu , Zheng Yufang
Published: January 2023

It has been reported that the offspring of diabetic pregnant women have an increased risk for neural tube defects. Previous studies in animal models suggested that high glucose induces cell apoptosis and epigenetic changes in the developing neural tube. However, effects on other cellular aspects such as the cell shape changes were not fully investigated. Actin dynamics plays essential roles in cell shape change. Disruption on actin dynamics is known to cause neural tube defects. In the present study, we used a 3D neuroepithelial cyst model and a rosette model, both cultured from human embryonic stem cells, to study the cellular effects caused by high glucose. By using these models, we observed couple of new changes besides increased apoptosis. First, we observed that high glucose disturbed the distribution of pH3 positive cells in the neuroepithelial cysts. Secondly, we found that high glucose exposure caused a relatively smaller actin inner boundary enclosed area, which was unlikely due to osmolarity changes. We further investigated key glucose metabolic enzymes in our models and the results showed that the distribution of hexokinase1 (HK1) was affected by high glucose. We observed that hexokinase1 has an apical-basal polarized distribution and is highest next to actin at the boundaries. hexokinase1 was more diffused and distributed less polarized under high glucose condition. Together, our observations broadened the cellular effects that may be caused by high glucose in the developing neural tube, especially in the secondary neurulation process.
Deepening the understanding of CNVs on chromosome 15q11–13 by using hiPSCs: An overview
Authors: Giovenale Angela Maria Giada , Ruotolo Giorgia , Soriano Amata Amy , Turco Elisa Maria , Rotundo Giovannina , Casamassa Alessia , D’Anzi Angela , Vescovi Angelo Luigi , Rosati Jessica
Published: January 2023

The human α7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene (CHRNA7) is widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems. This receptor is implicated in both brain development and adult neurogenesis thanks to its ability to mediate acetylcholine stimulus (Ach). Copy number variations (CNVs) of CHRNA7 gene have been identified in humans and are genetically linked to cognitive impairments associated with multiple disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and others. Currently, α7 receptor analysis has been commonly performed in animal models due to the impossibility of direct investigation of the living human brain. But the use of model systems has shown that there are very large differences between humans and mice when researchers must study the CNVs and, in particular, the CNV of chromosome 15q13.3 where the CHRNA7 gene is present. In fact, human beings present genomic alterations as well as the presence of genes of recent origin that are not present in other model systems as well as they show a very heterogeneous symptomatology that is associated with both their genetic background and the environment where they live. To date, the induced pluripotent stem cells, obtained from patients carrying CNV in CHRNA7 gene, are a good in vitro model for studying the association of the α7 receptor to human diseases. In this review, we will outline the current state of hiPSCs technology applications in neurological diseases caused by CNVs in CHRNA7 gene. Furthermore, we will discuss some weaknesses that emerge from the overall analysis of the published articles.
Organic persistent room temperature phosphorescence enabled by carbazole impurity
Authors: Brannan Alexander C. , Phuoc Nguyen Le , Linnolahti Mikko , Romanov Alexander S.
Published: January 2023

The molecular design of metal-free organic phosphors is essential for realizing persistent room-temperature phosphorescence (pRTP) despite its spin-forbidden nature. A series of halobenzonitrile–carbazoles has been prepared following a one-pot nucleophilic substitution protocol involving commercially available and laboratory-synthesized carbazoles. We demonstrate how halo- and cyano-substituents affect the molecular geometry in the crystal lattice, resulting in tilt and/or twist of the carbazole with respect to the phenyl moiety. Compounds obtained from the commercially available carbazole result in efficient pRTP of organic phosphors with a high quantum yield of up to 22% and a long excited state lifetime of up to 0.22 s. Compounds obtained from the laboratory-synthesized carbazole exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence with an excited state lifetime in the millisecond range. In-depth photophysical studies reveal that luminescence originates from the mixed locally excited state (3LE, nπ*)/charge transfer state.
Recent advances in functionalized quinoline scaffolds and hybrids—Exceptional pharmacophore in therapeutic medicine
Authors: Elebiju Oluwadunni F. , Ajani Olayinka O. , Oduselu Gbolahan O. , Ogunnupebi Temitope A. , Adebiyi Ezekiel
Published: January 2023

Quinoline is one of the most common nitrogen-containing heterocycles owing to its fascinating pharmacological properties and synthetic value in organic and pharmaceutical chemistry. Functionalization of this moiety at different positions has allowed for varying pharmacological activities of its derivative. Several publications over the last few decades have specified various methods of synthesis. This includes classical methods of synthesizing the primary quinoline derivatives and efficient methods that reduce reaction time with increased yield employing procedures that fulfill one of the twelve green chemistry principles, “safer solvent”. The metal nanoparticle-catalyzed reaction also serves as a potent and effective technique for the synthesis of quinoline with excellent atom efficiency. The primary focus of this review is to highlight the routes to synthesizing functionalized quinoline derivatives, including hybrids that have moieties with predetermined activities bound to the quinoline moiety which are of interest in synthesizing drug candidates with dual modes of action, overcoming toxicity, and resistance amongst others. This was achieved using updated literature, stating the biological activities and mechanisms through which these compounds administer relief. The ADMET studies and Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) of novel derivatives were also highlighted to explore the drug-likeness of the quinoline-hybrids and the influence of substituent characteristics and position on the biological activity of the compounds.
Self-assembled polylactic acid (PLA): Synthesis, properties and biomedical applications
Authors: Chen Tianyu , Zhao Xiaoying , Weng Yunxuan
Published: January 2023

The surface morphology and topography of cell culture substrates play an important role in cell proliferation and growth. Regulation of the surface microstructure allows the development of tissue culture media suitable for different cells. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biobased and biodegradable (under defined conditions) polymer with low immunogenicity, non-toxicity, and good mechanical properties, which have facilitated their pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis and self-assembly of surface microstructure based on PLA materials and discusses their biomedical applications such as cell culturing and tissue engineering.
Decadal variation of prediction skill for Indian Ocean dipole over the past century
Authors: Hu Shuai , Wu Bo , Zhou Tianjun
Published: January 2023

Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) is one of the dominant modes of interannual variability in the Indian Ocean, which has global climate impacts and thus is one of the key targets of seasonal predictions. In this study, based on a century-long seasonal hindcast experiment from the Coupled Seasonal Forecasts of the 20th century (CSF-20C), we show that the prediction skill for IOD exhibits remarkable decadal variations, with low skill in the early-to-mid 20th century but high skill in the second half of the 20th century. The decadal variations of prediction skills for IOD are caused by two factors. The first is associated with the decadal variation of the ENSO-IOD relationship. Although individual members of the predictions can simulate the variation of the ENSO-IOD relationship, with amplitude close to that in the observation, the feature is greatly suppressed in the ensemble mean due to the asynchrony of variation phases among individual members. In the ensemble mean, the IOD evolution shows an unrealistic stable and high correlation with ENSO evolution. This causes the prediction to have much higher skill for those periods during which IOD is accompanied by ENSO in the observation. The second factor is associated with the decadal variation of IOD predictability in the prediction system. In the prediction system, the decadal variation of IOD signal strength closely follows that of ENSO signal strength. Meanwhile, the IOD noise strength shows variations opposite to the IOD signal strength. As a result, the signal-to-noise ratio greatly increases in the second half of the 20th century due to the enhancement of the ENSO signal strength, which represents the increase of IOD predictability in the prediction system.
Challenging the stereotype through humor? Comic female scientists in animated TV series for young audiences
Authors: Soucy-Humphreys Jade , Judd Karina , Jürgens Anna-Sophie
Published: January 2023

Stereotypical representations about what scientists do, look like, and how they behave are cognized in early childhood and refined throughout life, through direct or indirect contact with the STEM communication climate, whether it be direct interactions with scientists, science education, communique, or entertainment. Popular media (TV) plays an important role in influencing our ideas of science by constructing images of social science reality. What has rarely been discussed in these contexts is what kind of scientific stereotypes are reinforced or challenged in popular TV shows for young audiences, particularly regarding female scientists. Using qualitative textual analysis, this paper examines how female scientists are portrayed through humor (and what kind of humor) in two popular animated entertainment series for children—Spongebob Squarepants and Adventure Time—and how their portrayal reinforces or challenges gender stereotypes in cultural representations of science. The analysis revealed that science was portrayed as humorously framed non-science, often represented by exaggerated ever-computing datasets on larger-than-life computer screens that would rival NASA. However, the representation of the female scientists in these animated TV comedies was steeped in archaic stereotypes that, surprisingly, were barely associated with humor: it was the science, not the female scientist per se, that was comic. Interpreting these findings in light of science communication research, gender studies, popular entertainment studies and humor studies, this article adds new perspectives to our understanding of humor in science narratives and the public imagination, and provides new insights for the study of the intangible aspects of science in culture.
Case report: Surgical repair of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries with the guidance of three-dimensional printing
Authors: Zhang Yanchun , Li Yongnan , Ma YuMei , Wei Yalin , He Fengxiao , Zhu Yilin , Lu Weixin , Zhao Yinglu , Wu Xiangyang
Published: January 2023

A 10-year-old girl presented with obvious cyanosis, and the saturation of arterial blood oxygen (SpO2) was decreased to 60.5% in the outpatient examination. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) and echocardiography suggested congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGAs), membranous ventricular septal aneurysm (MVSA), atrial septal defect (ASD), severe pulmonary stenosis (PS), and severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR). Due to the complex pathological anatomical structures, the three-dimensional printed model was used for preoperative assessment. After a comprehensive evaluation was completed, the operation was performed by physiological correction under cardiopulmonary bypass, including the resection of MVSA, repair using the bovine pericardial patch for ASD, and linear valvuloplasty of the tricuspid valve. Due to the special anatomical structures of ccTGA, PS was treated by extracardiac pipe technique. After the operation, the patient recovered well, cyanosis disappeared, SpO2 was up to 96%, and the extracardiac pipe was well-functioning without regurgitation or obstruction.
The improvement of sparsity gravity inversion using an adaptive lanczos bidiagonalization method
Authors: Zhaohai Meng , Yanfei Wang , Jinhui Li , Fengting Li , Zishan Zhang
Published: January 2023

Inversion of gravity data is one the important steps in the interpretation of practical data. The detection of sharp boundaries between anomalous bodies and host rocks is an interesting point in the geological frameworks. The gravity inversion with sparsity constraint is a useful method to recover block subsurface density distribution, which is efficiently used for the quantitative interpretation of gravity data. The reweighted regularized method is a useful method to solve the inverse problem. However, in this type, we must face the updating gravity forward matrix and large matrix operation. The application of Lanczos bidiagonalization method can reduce the size of data and matrix in the inversion to resolve the large scale inversion problem. However, a very important problem is not resolved, which is update of reweighted forward matrix and new Lanczos bidiagonalization matrix. Here, an adaptive Lanczos bidiagonalization method is studied to select the Lanczos bidiagonalization factor. And a new projected method with adaptive Lanczos bidiagonalization method is study to avoid the updating sparsity reweighted function. We calculate the reweighted forward matrix and Lanczos bidiagonalization matrix only one time, which can essentially reduce the computational complexity. The inversion results of synthetic data show that the new improved method is faster and better than common reweight regularized Lanczos bidiagonalization method to produce an acceptable solution for focusing inverse problem. The improvement of adaptive Lanczos bidiagonalization in sparsity gravity inversion is also tested on gravity data collected over the Mobrun massive sulfide ore body in Noranda, Quebec, Canada. The inversion results indicate a remarkable correlation with true structure of the ore body that is achieved from drilling data.
The influences of seismic load on dynamic deformation properties of rock material under different confining pressures
Authors: Zhou Yongqiang , Yuan Wei , Song Dingfeng , Hu Jun , Chai Shaobo , Lai Jie
Published: January 2023

Long-term geological storage of carbon dioxide in underground engineering is the most economically viable option for reducing emissions of this greenhouse gas to the atmosphere. Underground engineering projects are often subjected to earthquakes during their lives, thus it is essential to investigate the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of those underground engineering works subjected to seismic load under different confining pressures. To date, however, there have been notably few studies on the characteristics of rock materials under seismic load and the influences of seismic load on dynamic deformation properties of rock material under different confining pressures remain unclear. Therefore, a numerical study of the dynamic mechanical properties of a rock material (T2y6 marble) under Kobe seismic load with four different maximum stresses and four different confining pressures was conducted. The results show cyclic behavior, strain rate effect and damage are found in the stress-strain curves of the rock under simulated Kobe seismic load. Confining pressure can significantly limit the increases in lateral strain and volumetric strain, thus dilation can occur in the rock when the maximum stress of seismic load is large, and the confining pressure is small. Seismic load with small maximum stress cannot cause severe damage to the rock, but the influence is larger than that of static load. The maximum stress can be treated as a main factor affecting the damage to rock under seismic loads, while the effect of confining pressure thereon is smaller than that of the maximum stress. Furthermore, the relationships between deformation characteristics of the rock under these seismic loads, such as maximum strain, residual strain, plastic internal variable, deformation modulus, and maximum stress are different from that between the deformation characteristics and confining pressure.
Hydrothermal formation of fibrous mineral structures: The role on strength and mode of failure
Authors: Vanorio Tiziana , Chung Jaehong , Siman-Tov Shalev , Nur Amos
Published: January 2023

Studying the mechanisms that control the rheology of rocks and geomaterials is crucial as much for predicting geological processes as for functionalizing geomaterials. That requires the understanding of how structural arrangements at the micro and nano scale control the physical and mechanical properties at the macroscopic scale. This is an area of rock physics still in its infancy. In this paper, we focus the attention on the formation of cementitious phases made of micro- and nano-scale fibrous structures, and the controls of the arrangement of these phases on mechanical properties. We use hydrothermal synthesis, and the properties of hydrothermal water, to promote the growth of fibrous mineral phases having nano-size diameter and length of a few microns, creating disordered and entangled mats of fibrous bundles as those found in natural samples. We draw inferences from structural microscopy to inform a statistical model that establishes an interdependence between structural parameters of fibrous structures and bulk mechanical response. Structural parameters include number and length of fibers, spatial orientation, and fraction of fibrous threads bearing the load. Mechanical properties include strength and mode of failure. Results show that as the fibrous microstructure evolves from ordered and aligned to disordered and entangled, the mechanical response of the fibrous composite transitions from a brittle to ductile behavior. Furthermore, the disordered and entangled microstructure exhibits lower strength at failure though strength increases as the number of fibers within the microstructure increases. Finally, the longer the entangled fiber, the larger the strain that the matrix can accommodate. The value of this study lies in further understanding fault healing through hydrothermal fluids and how the physical properties of fibrous microstructures resulting from it control brittle-ductile transitions, and possibly, slow slip events along subduction zones.
Assessment of earthquake-triggered landslide susceptibility considering coseismic ground deformation
Authors: Zhao Yu , Huang Zeng , Wei Zhenlei , Zheng Jun , Konagai Kazuo
Published: January 2023

The distance to the surface rupture zone has been commonly regarded as an important influencing factor in the evaluation of earthquake-triggered landslide susceptibility. However, the obvious surface rupture zones usually do not occur in some buried-fault earthquake cases, which means information about the distance to the surface rupture is lacking. In this study, a new influencing factor named coseismic ground deformation was added to remedy this shortcoming. The Mid-Niigata prefecture earthquake was regarded as the study case. To select a more suitable model for generating the landslide susceptibility map, three commonly used models named logistic regression (LR), artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector machine (SVM) were also conducted to assess landslide susceptibility. The performances of these three models were evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic curve. The calculated results showed that the ANN model has the highest area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.82. As the earthquake triggered more landslides in the epicenter area, which makes it more prone to landslides in further earthquakes, the susceptibility analysis at two different mapping scales (the whole study area and the epicenter area) was also applied.
Serum testosterone level correlates with left ventricular hypertrophy in older women
Authors: Szadkowska Iwona , Guligowska Agnieszka , Jegier Anna , Pawlikowski Marek , Pisarek Hanna , Winczyk Katarzyna , Kostka Tomasz
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Sex hormones may play an important role in age-related cardiac remodeling. However, their impact on cardiac structure and function in females of advanced age still remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between sex hormones level and echocardiographic parameters in older women with concomitant cardiovascular diseases.

Materials and Methods

The study group included 52 community-dwelling women with mean age 79.5 ± 2.8 years, consecutive patients of an outpatient geriatric clinic. In all the subjects, a transthoracic echocardiogram was performed and serum testosterone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, and cortisol levels were determined.

Results

Testosterone level correlated positively with interventricular septum diastolic dimension (IVSd) (rS=0.293, p<0.05), left ventricular mass index (rS=0.285, p<0.05), E/E’ ratio (rS=0.301, p<0.05), and negatively with E’ (rS=-0.301, p<0.05). Estradiol level showed a positive correlation with the posterior wall dimension (rS=0.28, p<0.05). Besides, no significant correlations between clinical or echocardiographic parameters and other hormones were observed. Female subjects with diagnosed left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (n=34) were characterized by a significantly higher rate of hypertension (p=0.011), higher waist-to-height ratio (p=0.009), higher testosterone level (0.82 vs. 0.48 nmol/L, p=0.024), higher testosterone/estradiol ratio (16.4 vs. 9.9, p=0.021), and received more anti-hypertensive drugs (p=0.030). In a multiple stepwise logistic regression, the best determinants of LVH were the presence of hypertension (OR=6.51; 95% CI 1.62-26.1), and testosterone level (OR= 6.6; 95% CI 1.19-36.6).

Conclusions

Higher serum testosterone levels may contribute to pathological cardiac remodeling, especially in hypertensive women. Estradiol, gonadotropins, DHEAS, and cortisol were not related to echocardiographic parameters.
Assessment of CO2 enrichment mechanism in integrated coal gasification fuel cell combined cycle system with carbon capture
Authors: Wang Yuan , Wu Chengru , Wang Yang , Yang Zhibin , Du Qing , Jiao Kui
Published: January 2023

The present research proposes an innovative multi-physics coupled model of different configurations of an integrated coal gasification fuel cell combined cycle (IGFC) system employing Solid Oxide Electrolytic Cell (SOEC) for CO2 capture. Full-system simulation is carried out to examine efficiency. The model incorporates a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), a SOEC, a gas turbine (GT), and multiple recirculation loops operated by two ejectors. The results reveal that compared with traditional power plants, the proposed IGFC system equipped with SOEC can reduce CO2 emission by almost 80%, and operates environmentally beneficial. The efficiency of the system varies greatly depending on the design parameters implemented. The CO2 enrichment phenomenon by SOFC and capture measures of CO2 by SOEC are simultaneously analyzed. In addition, parametric analysis is performed to evaluate the coupling influence of multiple operating parameters on the IGFC system. Recirculation ratios of 0.75 with four times recirculations are found to be the optimal conditions for both SOFC fuel electrode and SOEC air electrode aimed at getting to the highest power generation efficiency and total CO2 capture rate of the system. After systematic optimization of the design parameters, the electrical efficiency and CO2 capture rate of the proposed system could achieve 68.47% and 87.88%, respectively, which are about 20% and 60% greater than those of traditional power plants. Furthermore, after optimizing the control strategy, the fuel utilization rate of the system increases from 63.09% to 83.40%.
A neural network-based adaptive power-sharing strategy for hybrid frame inverters in a microgrid
Authors: Deng Wenyang , Zhang Yongjun , Tang Yuan , Li Qinhao , Yi Yingqi
Published: January 2023

The capacitive-coupling inverter (CCI) is more cost-effective in reactive power conditioning and enhanced reactive power regulation ability when compared with the inductive-coupling inverter (ICI). As power conditioning capability is vital for a microgrid (MG) system, a new MG frame with hybrid parallel-connected ICIs and CCIs was proposed in this paper. With lower DC-link voltage for the CCI, an adaptive power sharing method was proposed for reducing total rated power and losses. A power-sharing control layer based on a back-propagation neural network that guarantees rapid and accurate sharing ratio computation was investigated as well. The results of simulations and experiments were used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Experimental investigation on effects of fuel injection and intake parameters on combustion and performance of a turbocharged diesel engine at different altitudes
Authors: Wan Mingding , Huang Fenlian , Shen Lizhong , Lei Jilin
Published: January 2023

Matching characteristics between fuel injection and intake control parameters significantly affect overall performances in diesel engine at variable altitudes. Prior to optimizing the control parameters of diesel engines operating at high altitudes areas, there is a necessity to identify the influence law of fuel injection and intake parameters on engine performance. This study focused on the effects of main injection timing (MIT), fuel injection pressure (FIP), EGR rate, and variable nozzle turbocharger (VNT) opening on the combustion, performances and NOx and smoke emissions in a turbocharged diesel engine at different altitudes (2000, 1,000, and 0 m). Strategies for optimization of engine performance and the coupling relationship between these parameters were analyzed. The results showed that as the altitude increased from 0 m to 2000 m, the engine torque dropped by 2.9%, the BSFC increased by 2.6%, the NOx emissions reduced by 11.8%, and the opacity smoke increased by 26.2%. The effects of MIT, FIP, EGR rate and VNT opening on engine performances were more significant at high altitudes. As the MIT was advanced at 2000 m altitude, the engine torque increased by 5.6%, the BSFC reduced by 5.9%, the opacity smoke decreased by 55%, while the NOx emissions increased by 54%%. Advance the injection timing properly can overcome the altitude effect on engine power. With the FIP increased from 105 to 130 MPa at 2000 m, the engine torque reduced by 1.7%, the BSFC increased by 1.6%, the opacity smoke dropped by 44.5%, and the NOx emissions increased by 17.5%. When the EGR rate increases by 5%, the NOx emission reduces by 16.4%,17.9 and 21.9 respectively at 0, 1,000 and 2000 m altitude. The EGR rate should be properly reduced to obtain the recovery of engine power at plateau. As the VNT vane opening decreased from 40% to 20%, the NOx emission increase by 9.4% and 9.9% at 0 m and 1,000 m respectively, and it reduces by 3.9% at 2000 m, while the opacity smoke reduces by 38.9% at different altitudes. The optimization of VNT vane opening requires a balance between combustion performance and pumping losses. The multi-objective collaborative optimization technique should be applied to optimize these parameters to help improve engine efficiency and emissions at high altitudes.