bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life among Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers
Authors: Zwiri Abdalwahab MA
Published: May 2015

Background

Recurrent aphtous ulcers (RAUs) are of the most painful and common oral mucosal diseases with uncertain etiology including trauma, genetics, stress, immune dysfunction, and vitamin deficiencies. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral health impacts, patients’ oral health-related quality of life and anxiety and depression in patients with recurrent aphtous ulcers.

Subjects and methods

Sixty patients were diagnosed RAU (30 men and 30 women, mean age: 29.5 ± 9.6 years) and sixty controls, who matched the patients with age and gender, participated in this study. Participants completed hospital anxiety and depression (HAD) scale, oral health impact profile (OHIP-14), and United Kingdom oral health related quality of life measure (OHQoL-UK). The statistically significance levels were set at p . 0.05.

Results

Both patients and controls reported comparable depression and anxiety scores (p > 0.05). Ulcer patients reported worse oral health impacts and inferior quality of life in comparison to controls (p < 0.001). Among both groups, no relationships were detected between HAD scores on one hand and OHIP and/or OHQoL-UK on the other hand (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Recurrent aphthous ulcers increase the negative oral health impacts on patients and consequently cause inferior quality of life. Stressful situations and conditions (including anxiety and depression) were not related to oral health impacts and quality of life in patients with RAUs.

How to cite this article

Zwiri AMA. Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life among Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(2):112-117.
Effect of Photo-Fenton Bleaching on Tetracycline-stained Dentin in vitro
Authors: Bennett Zackary Yale , Walsh Laurence James
Published: May 2015

Aim

Tetracycline-stained tooth structure is difficult to bleach using nightguard tray methods. The possible benefits of in-office light-accelerated bleaching systems based on the photo-Fenton reaction are of interest as possible adjunctive treatments. This study was a proof of concept for possible benefits of this approach, using dentine slabs from human tooth roots stained in a reproducible manner with the tetracycline antibiotic demeclocycline hydrochloride.

Materials and methods

Color changes overtime in tetracycline stained roots from single rooted teeth treated using gel (Zoom! WhiteSpeed®) alone, blue LED light alone, or gel plus light in combination were tracked using standardized digital photography. Controls received no treatment. Changes in color channel data were tracked overtime, for each treatment group (N = 20 per group).

Results

Dentin was lighter after bleaching, with significant improvements in the dentin color for the blue channel (yellow shade) followed by the green channel and luminosity. The greatest changes occurred with gel activated by light (p < 0.0001), which was superior to effects seen with gel alone. Use of the light alone did not significantly alter shade.

Conclusion

This proof of concept study demonstrates that bleaching using the photo-Fenton chemistry is capable of lightening tetracycline-stained dentine. Further investigation of the use of this method for treating tetracycline-stained teeth in clinical settings appears warranted.

Clinical significance

Because tetracycline staining may respond to bleaching treatments based on the photo-Fenton reaction, systems, such as Zoom! WhiteSpeed, may have benefits as adjuncts to home bleaching for patients with tetracycline-staining.

How to cite this article

Bennett ZY, Walsh LJ. Effect of Photo- Fenton Bleaching on Tetracycline-stained Dentin in vitro. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(2):126-129.
Horizontal-guided Bone Regeneration using a Titanium Mesh and an Equine Bone Graft
Authors: Stefano Danilo Alessio Di , Greco Gian Battista , Cinci Lorenzo , Pieri Laura
Published: May 2015

Aim

The present work describes a horizontal ridge augmentation in which a titanium mesh was preshaped by adapting it to a stereolithographic model of the patient's jaw that was fabricated from CT scans.

Background

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) involves covering the augmentation site with a long-lasting barrier to protect it from the invasion of surrounding soft tissues. Among barriers, titanium meshes may provide a successful outcome, but the intraoperatory time needed to shape them is a disadvantage.

Case description

The 54-year-old patient, missing the right mandibular second bicuspid, first molar, and second molar, had her atrophic ridge augmented with a 30:70 mixture of autogenous bone and equine, enzyme-deantigenic collagenpreserved bone substitute. Two conical implants were inserted concomitantly in the second bicuspid and first molar positions, and the site was protected with the preshaped mesh. Four months later, the titanium mesh was retrieved, a bone sample was collected, and histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed. Provisional and definitive prostheses were then delivered, and follow-up controls were performed for up to 24 months.

Conclusion

Preshaping the mesh on a model of the patient's mandible shortened the surgical time and enabled faster mesh placement. Two years after surgery, the implants were perfectly functional, and the bone width was stable over time as shown by radiographic controls. Histological analysis of the bone sample showed the heterologous biomaterial to be biocompatible and undergoing advanced remodeling and replacement with newly formed bone.

Clinical significance

Preshaping a titanium mesh over a stereolithographic model of the patient's jaw allowed for a significant reduction of the intraoperative time and may be therefore, advisable in routine practice.

How to cite this article

Di Stefano DA, Greco GB, Cinci L, Pieri L. Horizontal-guided Bone Regeneration using a Titanium Mesh and an Equine Bone Graft. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(2):154-162.
Viewpoint: Transport's digital age transition
Authors: Lyons Glenn
Published: May 2015

2014 marks the 25th birthday of the World Wide Web. We have seen some remarkable developments as part of the digital age revolution in the last quarter of a century. These have taken place concurrently with a motor age that is possibly past its prime. A number of major motor manufacturers have faced disappointing sales or financial crisis alongside several countries seeing a halt to the historic trend of growing car use. The co-existence of the motor age and the digital age prompts this paper to consider the hypothesis that society is undergoing a fundamental transition from a regime of automobility to something significantly different. The paper considers what has characterized the motor age and proceeds to examine the digital revolution and how this is changing people’s means to access people, goods, services and opportunities. The range of interactions between the motor age and the digital age are addressed, underlining the difficulty in establishing the net consequence of one for the other. The new debates concerning ‘peak car’ are considered in which the digital age is identified as potentially one key factor responsible for observed changes in car use. The paper then focuses upon a socio-technical conceptualization of society known as the Multi-Layer Perspective to examine its hypothesis. Support or not for the hypothesis is not, as yet, established. Transport’s future in the digital age is uncertain and the paper sets out some views on resulting policy considerations and research needs.
Assessment of the numbers-based model for evaluation of resident competency in emergency ultrasound core applications
Authors: Bahl Amit , Yunker Aaron
Published: April 2015

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the current numbers-based model of evaluation of emergency medicine residents in emergency ultrasound, specifically by focusing on the proficiency of residents to interpret right upper quadrant, focused abdominal sonogram for trauma, abdominal aorta, first trimester pregnancy, and cardiac scans. Methods: A prospective analysis of emergency medicine residents' competency in emergency ultrasound was conducted in 2009 and 2010. Residents completed a multiple choice style examination primarily assessing residents' diagnostic accuracy. The accuracy and confidence of diagnosis for each resident based on the examinations were compared to his/her training level and number of scans per application completed prior to testing, in order to assess the relationship of experience to competence. Results: Thirty-six emergency medicine residents, postgraduate year 1–3 (n = 15, 8, 13), were enrolled in the study and took the exam. There was a statistically significant relationship between the number of scans and mean exam score for right upper quadrant (p = 0.0013) and abdominal aorta (p = 0.0013) scans. Residents demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in scores at greater than 16 scans for right upper quadrant (p = 0.0018) and 13 scans for abdominal aorta (p = 0.0018). Conclusion: Adequate resident training for interpretation for certain applications such as right upper quadrant and abdominal aorta, may be achievable using smaller numbers than the generally accepted guideline of 25 scans per application. Additionally, the number of scans needed to reach competency may be variable dependent on the specific ultrasound application.
“Just Building”: Togetherness as Art and Education in a Copenhagen Neighborhood
Authors: Illeris Helene
Published: April 2015

Through a process-oriented analysis of the Copenhagen-based art project The Hill, this article explores the pedagogical potentials of the concept performative experimental community. The aim is to propose ideas and strategies for teacher certification courses and university programs that stimulate students to reconsider the role of art education in the current political, economical, and environmental situation. Central questions addressed by the article are: What is the potential for using art and education to explore alternative ways of living and of being? How can art educators challenge individualist self-understandings through new forms of togetherness? How can we create fissures in neo-liberal educational agendas? In the conclusion, six key notions are presented, followed by a brief discussion of performative experimental community as approach, content, and pedagogy for becoming art teachers.
Interventions as an alternative to penalties in preventable readmissions
Authors: Garcia-Arce Andres , Zayas-Castro Jose L.
Published: April 2015

While expenditures in healthcare in the United States are the highest in the world, it is widely known that those resources are not being used efficiently. The government addressed this situation in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, in an attempt to improve quality and affordability of healthcare. In the fiscal year 2013, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services began imposing financial penalties through the Inpatient Prospective Payment System to hospitals that have higher than expected readmission rates for specific diseases. The nature and effects of this new policy have raised several concerns. This article discusses Medicare’s hospital readmissions reduction program and presents an alternate policy based on diseasespecific interventions to reduce preventable readmissions. Our results show that a policy based on implementing disease-specific interventions, instead of penalties, may save 33.43% of hospitals from being under the penalization level in the first year, while at the same time improving the delivery of care.
Of Crosses and Homophobia
Authors: Temperman J.D.
Published: May 2015

Of Crosses and Homophobia

To what extent must employers accommodate manifestations of religion within the workspace and what should be the role of the state in that respect? In the joint case of Eweida and others the European Court of Human Rights discusses this question from four different angles as urged on by four different complaints. Two complaints concern the banning of Christian crosses, either for reasons of protecting the corporate image of a private company, or for reasons of health and safety within a care institution. The remaining complaints concern employers that, through their equal rights policies, notably equality on grounds of sexual orientation, may effectively force employees to act contrary to the religious dictates of their conscience.
In dienst van beleid of in dienst van de democratie?
Authors: van Rooij Harrie , Aarts Noelle
Published: May 2015

Serving policy or serving democracy? A study of the values behind government communication

More than twelve years after the appearance of the report of the Dutch Committee on the Future of Government Communication (‘Commissie Toekomst Overheidscommunicatie’) communication as the responsibility of the government is an important issue of debate and a discipline that is alive and kicking. We may even conclude that communication – in the terminology of this report – has conquered a place in the heart of policy. A lot is still unclear about the communicative function of government. On the normative question ‘why should the government communicate’ diverging answers are possible. However, the question is hardly discussed in practice and in science. For this reason the positioning of government communication as a separate discipline is also unclear. Reflection on the elementary values behind the discipline can reveal themes that have been invisible so far. The article investigates which values and motives are attached in theory and in practice to communication as a governmental function. For this reason a content analysis has been carried out of a number of volumes of five Dutch magazines (practical and scientific). The authors conclude that for professionals communication mainly is an instrument to support policy goals. The possibility to make a purposeful contribution with government communication to democratic values hardly is brought about, not so much in Communication Science as in Public Administration.
The Penal Law of the Foe Revisited
Authors: Papacharalambous Charis
Published: May 2015

The Penal Law of the Foe Revisited: Politically Overcoming Liberalism or Trivially Regressing to State’s Glorification?

The ‘Penal Law of the Foe’ has already a long history behind it. The present article examines its basic genealogical sources and deals with the quintessence of the critique exerted against it; it is submitted that the wholesale rejection of the concept betrays that a liberal premise as to political constitution of the commons as well as of the nature of criminal system is falsely taken for granted. Crucial instead seem to be the ambiguity of the spiritual heritage of Enlightenment concerning what personhood can imply for the law discourse as well as the normativity inherent in criminal objective imputation within our post-modern condition. It is argued that the very benefit of the concept lies in its implicit political character. This could possibly make it appropriate for a criminal law policy inspired from a democratic republican spirit and aiming at the protection of the most vulnerable, thus tending to strive against the neo-liberal and anti-social erosion of modern societies. This presupposes however that the authoritarian and politically static elements of the concept be clearly displayed as theoretical shortcomings.
Scientific misconduct: how organizational culture plays its part
Authors: Faria Rita
Published: May 2015

Scientific misconduct: how organizational culture plays its part

Scientific misconduct takes place at the heart of higher education organizations. Organizational culture (meso level) shapes scholars’ behaviors and perceptions (micro level) about what should be problematized while conducting research and teaching. In this paper it is argued that there are organizational mechanisms at place by which organizational goals (funding) and professional goals (recognition) become indistinguishable. The mechanisms are: pressure, loose social control, scarce resources and lack of alternatives. Scholars may strategically react to these mechanisms by accepting, fitting in, resisting or giving up. It is at the heart of these mechanisms and strategies that problematic behaviors may emerge.
Reageren op problematisch wetenschappelijk gedrag voorbij de moralisering: een ander wetenschapsbeleid is mogelijk!
Authors: Gutwirth Serge , Christiaens Jenneke
Published: May 2015

Tackling problematic scientific behaviour beyond moralisation: another science policy is possible!

In this article the authors focus upon the measures taken as a reaction against scientific fraud against the background of the contemporary science policy that turns the practice of science into a knowledge economy. In the light of the availability but obvious underuse of reactive legal means, they question the recourse to proactive ethical control and regulation of the scientific activities. They contend that such science policy is not so much the expression of a reaction against exceptional cases of scientific fraud, than of an endeavour to discipline and control scientist to the constraints of the knowledge economy. For the authors, however, the latter is the problem to be solved: another science policy is needed.
‘Je kan heel goed kritisch zijn op een nette manier’
Authors: van Gestel Barbra
Published: May 2015

‘One can be critical without being rude’ – Kees Schuyt about changes in academic culture

The Dutch sociologist and lawyer Kees Schuyt worked as scientific researcher and professor of sociology for the University of Leiden and University of Amsterdam. He has written about forty books and many articles about the welfare state, the philosophy of social science and the sociology of law. Between 2006 and 2014 he was chairman of The Netherlands Board on Research Integrity (LOWI). Recently he wrote the book Between fault and fraud. Integrity and dishonest behavior in scientific research. In this interview, Schuyt talks about the role of scientific integrity in his own career and specifically elaborates on dishonest behavior and scientific competition.
De ondergewaardeerde democratic underlabourer?
Authors: Janssen Janine , van der Woude Maartje
Published: May 2015

The undervalued underlabourer? On applied research for law enforcement and safety management within the prevailing academic culture

In this opinion piece the authors reflect upon the way in which applied research for law enforcement and safety management is valued within the prevailing academic culture. By drawing from the scholarship on public criminology, the authors introduce the democratic underlabourer as an important yet often undervalued and underrepresented figure capable to bridge potential gaps between academia and the practical field of law enforcement and safety management. By getting organized in the form of a guild, democratic underlabourers would increase their clout and visbility.
The Central Asian Security Zone
Authors: Baabar B
Published: May 2015

Mongolian Journal of International Affairs Vol.2 1995:  14-25
The development rythm of the flowerbud in some Papilionaceae species. Part I. Gametogenesis in Lupinus elegans (H.B.K.) and Lupinus mutabilis (Sweet.) in reference to flewerbud development
Authors: Wojciechowska Wanda
Published: May 2015

The developmental rhythm of the bud in the species investigated was found to remain the same within each species, independently of the year and environmental conditions, (glasshouse, field) in which they were fixed.
The chemotaxonomic investigations on the flavonoid compounds in the leaves of Saxifraga aizoon Jacq.
Authors: Pawłowska Lucyna
Published: May 2015

On the basis of the investigations on flavonoid compounds a division of Saxifraga aizoon species into two races is proposed one containing cyanidin 3-glucoside and the other devoid of this compound.
Quantitative daily changes of flavonol glycosides in the leaves of Betula humilis Schrk.
Authors: Pawłowska Lucyna
Published: May 2015

Rutin and hyperosid were isolated from fresh leaves of Betula humilis. The amount of flavonol glycosides increases to the! maximum quantity between 9-10 a.m. and l-2 p.m. in the period from July to September.
Application of the Welfare Quality® animal welfare assessment system in Finnish pig production, part I: Identification of principal components
Authors: Munsterhjelm C , Heinonen M , Valros A
Published: April 2015

The Welfare Quality® (WQ) on-farm welfare assessment protocols for fattening pigs (n = 95 farms) and sows, as well as suckling piglets (n = 103 farms), were applied on Finnish farms. In order to identify distinct types of welfare problems (WPTs) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the pooled animal-based items within both categories of animals. Measures describing suckling piglets did not contribute to the WPTs. The main WPTs (seemingly) reflected fighting in fattening pigs and lack of bedding in both fattening pigs and sows. The results imply that WQ includes biologically plausible shortlists of animal-based measures with decent to good internal consistency describing distinct types of welfare problems in growing pigs and in sows. The 20 descriptors of Qualitative Behavioural Assessment were analysed similarly to identify distinct mood types, which were named active positive, passive positive and passive positive behaviours. The different mood types had close to identical build-up in both fattening pigs and in sows and suckling piglets.
Willingness of Dutch broiler and pig farmers to convert to production systems with improved welfare
Authors: Gocsik É , van der Lans IA , Lansink AGJM Oude , Saatkamp HW
Published: April 2015

The present study investigated 15 broiler and 13 fattening pig farmers’ willingness-to-convert to alternative production systems with higher animal welfare standards compared to conventional production systems in The Netherlands, and explored the main barriers to the adoption of these alternative systems. Alternative production systems were categorised, according to whether farmers were required to make reversible or irreversible changes to the current farm. Two out of the four pig systems in the study were considered as reversible, whereas the other two as irreversible. One out of the four broiler systems presented was considered as reversible, whereas the other three as irreversible. Results show that to convert to a system requiring irreversible changes 83 and 85% (figures for each of the two irreversible systems) of the surveyed fattening pig farmers required a 30% or higher increase in their family income, while to convert to a system requiring reversible changes 8 and 23% of the pig farmers required a similar level of increase. Also, for each of the three irreversible systems, 62, 64 and 87% of the surveyed broiler farmers required a 30% or higher increase in their family income to a system requiring irreversible changes, while to convert to a system requiring reversible changes, 20% of the broiler farmers required a similar level of increase. Thirty-eight and 62% of the fattening pig farmers and 40% of the broiler farmers were willing to convert to the specific systems that allowed reversible changes if they knew they could earn the same income as they did in their current system. This study highlights a number of reasons for farmers’ reluctance to switch to alternative systems: perceived uncertainty about price premiums, lack of space on the farm, scarcity of land nearby the farm, risk of disease spread, the existing farm set-up, prohibition of tail docking, allowing for castration, and views that proposed alternatives were ‘farmer-unfriendly’ or impractical.
Designated Inhospitality: The Treatment of Asylum Seekers Who Arrive by Boat in Canada and Australia
Authors: Taylor Luke
Published: May 2015

This paper argues that there are distinct parallels between changes to the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act enacted by Bill C-31 (2012), in particular the Designated Foreign National regime (DFN), and Australia’s treatment of asylum seekers who arrive by boat. It is contended that recent Australian history and policy demonstrate the perils of adopting an ideology of control and exclusion toward asylum seekers instead of a politics of hospitality, and that Australia’s present political climate provides a stark and salutary warning to Canada, as it follows a similar path of securitization. The paper first explains what is meant by a politics of hospitality. In Part I, it analyzes Australia’s attitude toward, and its treatment of, asylum seekers, focusing in particular on the period since 1989. It is argued that Australia’s inhospitable stance toward asylum seekers has had discernible negative outcomes that provide important lessons for Canada. Part II provides a brief historical overview of Canadian policy toward asylum seekers, followed by an analysis of the DFN regime with reference to international law. It then argues that the DFN provisions contravene the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The paper concludes by suggesting that Canada is at risk of following Australia’s security-oriented, inhospitable stance toward asylum seekers.
Pratiques communicationnelles durables : interrogation sur la transposabilité d’un concept
Authors: Marcon Christian
Published: April 2015

Cet article analyse la notion de communication durable, telle qu’elle est conçue et mise en oeuvre par les professionnels, en montre les limites et introduit le temps long dans l’analyse communicationnelle pour proposer le concept de pratique communicationnelle durable comme point de départ de recherches nouvelles. L’analyse est à la fois empirique et conceptuelle.
La culture de l’information comme levier de changement dans le système de santé français. Le rôle des nouvelles organisations d’interface ou une approche coopérative autour de dynamiques de proximité
Authors: Bourret Christian , Meyer Claudie
Published: April 2015

L’État-providence, notamment à travers ses systèmes de santé, est en crise dans tous les pays développés. Des réponses ont été recherchées autour de nouveaux usages de l’information et de la communication. En France, avec la question spécifique des cloisonnements, les nouvelles organisations d’interface constituent de nouveaux espaces d’innovation et de coopération entre la médecine de ville et le secteur hospitalier. Nous aborderons la question de l’organisation du parcours de soins du patient avec le dilemme traçabilité / sécurité des données. En nous appuyant sur la notion de situation, nous envisagerons ensuite de nouvelles pratiques informationnelles pour une approche d’information "durable" favorisant les interactions et la coopération. Nous montrerons l’évolution de la coopération : de la coordination par les procédures à de nouveaux services intégrés autour du patient. Une nouvelle culture de l’information peut devenir un levier d’intelligence organisationnelle et d’amélioration continue avec la participation de tous les acteurs y compris les patients, avec la question centrale de la confiance, entre tous les acteurs et envers les outils développés.
National Training and Education Standards for Health and Wellness Coaching: The Path to National Certification
Authors: Jordan Meg , Wolever Ruth Q. , Lawson Karen , Moore Margaret
Published: May 2015

The purpose of this article is twofold: (1) to announce the findings of the job task analysis as well as national training and education standards for health and wellness coaching (HWC) that have been developed by the large-scale, collaborative efforts of the National Consortium for Credentialing Health and Wellness Coaches (NCCHWC) and (2) to invite commentary from the public. The rapid proliferation of individuals and organizations using the terms of health and/or wellness coaches and the propagation of private industry and academic coach training and education programs endeavoring to prepare these coaches has created an urgent and pressing need for national standards for use of the term health and wellness coach, as well as minimal requirements for training, education, and certification. Professionalizing the field with national standards brings a clear and consistent definition of health and wellness coaching and accepted practice standards that are uniform across the field. In addition, clear standards allow for uniform curricular criteria to ensure a minimal benchmark for education, training, and skills and knowledge evaluation of professional health and wellness coaches.
Rediscovery of Impatiens khasiana Hook.f. after more than a century
Authors: Odyuo N , Deori Chaya , Gogoi Rajib
Published: May 2015

Impatiens khasiana Hook.f. (Balsaminaceae) has been rediscovered after a period of 129 years from Meghalaya, in north-eastern India.

A detailed description from living specimens, coloured photographs and other relevant information are provided for easy identification. The name I. khasiana Hook.f. is here lectotypified.
Social representations about loneliness by institutionalized elderly
Authors: Silva Luípa Michele , Moreira Maria , Bezerra Valeria Peixoto , Almeida Sandra Aparecida de , Brenna Silvia , Silva Antonia Oliveira
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: conhecer os sentidos atribuídos à solidão por idosos. Método: pesquisa exploratória realizada com 68 idosos com idade mínima de 62 anos e máxima de 94 anos, de ambos os sexos, residentes em instituições de longa permanência no município de João Pessoa – Paraíba, brasil. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados com o auxilio do software alceste: 2010. Resultados: os dados analisados apontaram cinco classes ou categorias em que os idosos associam solidão às dimensões negativas como: abandono e desprezo. Conclusão: as representações dos idosos são decorrentes das suas vivencias anteriores e do contato existente ou não com seus familiares.
Analysis of risk factors for falls in older people with mental disorders
Authors: Veloso Laura de Sousa Gomes , Suassuna Daniella de Souza Barbosa , Ferreira Olívia Galvão Lucena , Marcolino Alinne Beserra Lucena , Moreira Maria Adelaide Silva Paredes , Silva Antonia Oliveira
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Analisar os fatores de risco de quedas em pessoas idosas com transtornos mentais. Método: Foi realizado um estudo de caso qualitativo, interpretativo através da observação direta e análise de prontuários de 12 pessoas idosas institucionalizadas no Hospital Psiquiátrico. Resultados: 58% eram do gênero feminino; 75% com idade entre 60 e 69 anos; 100% tinham marcha independente e todos apresentaram diagnóstico clínico de esquizofrenia. Sobre o histórico de quedas, 57% das pessoas idosas do gênero feminino apresentaram a ocorrência de quedas e 20% do gênero masculino tiveram o mesmo histórico. A propósito do local das quedas, 8% ocorreram no pátio; 25% na enfermaria; e 67% no banheiro. Conclusão: Os resultados reforçaram a necessidade em prevenir a ocorrência de quedas, a fim de garantir a pessoa idosa institucionalizada em hospital psiquiátrico um processo de senilidade digno e saudável por meio do planejamento e execução de programas para prevenção deste agravo.
Determinants of risk of falls among elderly: a systematic study
Authors: Medeiros Emilene Nóbrega , Nóbrega Maria Miriam Lima da , Pontes Maria de Lourdes de Farias , Vasconcelos Marileuza Maria de França , Paiva Maria do Socorro Guedes de , Moreira Maria Adelaide Silva P.
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: identificar a partir de uma revisão sistemática da literatura os principais fatores de risco de quedas entre idosos. Método: a busca nas bases de dados foi feita por meio dos descritores queda and idoso; foram analisados 51 artigos, publicados no período de 2005 a 2010, que expressavam em seus resumos fatores de risco de quedas em idosos. Resultados: os principais fatores de risco de queda no idoso estão relacionados aos aspectos biológicos, comportamentais, ambientais e socioeconômicos. Outros fatores identificados foram a diminuição muscular, equilíbrio, depressão, obstáculos no caminho, maus tratos, ausência de corrimão, a criminalidade e a história de queda. Conclusão: buscou-se com esse estudo oferecer um norte científico, não só para o auxilio na avaliação clínica como, por sua vez, melhorar a assistência prestada àqueles sob-risco de queda nos diferentes níveis de atenção à saúde, mais impreterivelmente, tenha seu foco maior no contexto da atenção primária.
Integrative review on oral cancer
Authors: Moura Luana Kelle Batista , Marcaccini Andrea Marcia , Matos Francisca Tereza Coelho , Sousa Álvaro Francisco Lopes de , Nascimento Glícia Cardoso , Moura Maria Eliete Batista
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Analisar estudos nacional e internacional sobre o câncer bucal. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Foram selecionados 28 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão da pesquisa. Os dados foram processados no software IRAMUTEC e analisados pela classificação hierárquica descendente com base no dendograma. Resultados: Foram apresentados em 05 classes, a saber: 1-A prevenção e o tratamento das morbidades orais. 2- A reabilitação do paciente com câncer de boca. 3-Qualidade de vida dos pacientes em terapia para câncer bucal. 4- A equipe profissional multidisciplinar de saúde nos cuidados de prevenção do câncer oral. 5- O rastreio do câncer oral para diminuição da prevalência. Conclusão: O câncer oral é um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo.  Há necessidade de maiores investimentos nas pesquisas relacionadas com o câncer bucal e implementação das políticas públicas para o rastreio do câncer oral e diminuição da prevalência.
Prevalence of burnout syndrome among nurses in urgency and emergency hospital system
Authors: Ferreira Filha Maria de Oliveira , Dantas Tatiana Silva Rodrigues da , Carreiro Bruno Oliveira , Pascoal Francilene Figueirêdo da Silva , Moraes Marina Nascimento , Cordeiro Renata Cavalcanti
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: investigar a prevalência de Burnout entre enfermeiros de hospitais de urgência e emergência no Estado da Paraíba. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, transversal, quantitativa realizada em seis hospitais especializados no atendimento às urgências e emergências no estado. A amostra foi constituída por 110 enfermeiros. Utilizou-se como instrumento o Maslach Burnout Inventory. Os dados foram analisados com o auxílio do SPSS-Statistical Package for the Social Sciences na versão 18.0. Resultados: os resultados apontaram 65,3% de jovens (20 – 30 anos), 54,5% em situação de múltiplo emprego, 49,1% com carga horaria semanal de trabalho de 20 a 44 horas, 82,7% com prevalência de Burnout, sendo 59,1% em nível moderado e 23,6% em nível grave. Conclusão: conclui-se que os enfermeiros apresentaram expressivo nível de adoecimento em virtude do contato diuturno com elementos estressores do trabalho.
Crack users – developing strategies to face the risks of the consumption
Authors: De Teixeira Arthur Alves , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Côrrea Ana Cândida Lopes , Ferreira Roberta Zaffalon , Ferreira Gabriella Bastos , Espírito Santo Milena Oliveira do
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Conhecer as estratégias desenvolvidas por usuários de crack para lidar com os riscos decorrentes do consumo da droga. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório. A coleta de dados ocorreu no ano de 2011, em uma cidade do interior do Rio Grande do Sul com cinco usuários de crack que fizeram uso da droga por no mínimo um ano. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com o auxílio de gravador.  Resultados: Os principais riscos apontados pelos usuários de crack são o psicológico e físico. Para reduzir os riscos os usuários referiram fazer o uso da droga individualmente, manter o autocuidado, o uso de preservativo, uso de maconha após o uso do crack, o controle da quantidade de droga usada e cuidados com o cachimbo. Conclusão: A maioria dos usuários conhece os riscos decorrentes do consumo da droga, mas nem todos adotam as estratégias de redução de danos. Descritores: Cocaína crack, Grupos de risco, Estratégias.
Nursing diagnoses of disposal area and exchange in patients identified in postoperative
Authors: Vitor Allyne Fortes , Moura Laísla Alves , Araújo Jéssica Naiara de Medeiros , Moisés Lana Jeórgia Alves , Costa Raianny Alves , Costa Raissa Gomes da
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Caracterizar os diagnósticos de enfermagem do domínio Eliminação e Troca, da taxonomia NANDA-I em pacientes no período pós-operatório internados em um hospital universitário, localizado no município de Natal-RN. Método: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo transversal, cuja amostra foi constituída por 80 pacientes. A coleta de dados ocorreu em novembro e dezembro de 2012, por meio de anamnese, exame físico e aplicação de um formulário elaborado com base nos domínios da Taxonomia da NANDA-I. Aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa CAAE 07614812.6.0000.5537. Resultados: Os diagnósticos identificados foram: Motilidade gastrintestinal disfuncional (55,8%), Constipação (20,9%) e (23,3%) apresentaram os dois diagnósticos. Conclusão:Dessa forma, é importante que os enfermeiros adotem intervenções resolutivas referentes ao domínio Eliminação e Troca para os pacientes em pós-operatório de maneira a proporcionar uma assistência adequada.Descritores: Diagnóstico de Enfermagem, Período Pós-Operatório, Motilidade Gastrointestinal, Constipação Intestinal.
Unplanned pregnancy and the factors associated with the participation in the family planning program
Authors: Evangelista Christiane Borges , Barbieri Márcia , Da Silva Patrick Leonardo Nogueira
Published: May 2015

Objetivos: Identificar a prevalência de gestação não planejada e os fatores associados à participação no programa de planejamento familiar entre grávidas cadastradas nas equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família.Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado no ano de 2010, com amostra de 394 gestantes. Para coleta de dados, foi aplicado um instrumento com questões associadas ao Programa de Planejamento Familiar. As magnitudes das associações entre as variáveis foram avaliadas por meio do odds ratio. Resultados: Observou-se prevalência de 58% de gravidezes não planejadas. A maioria das mulheres não havia participado do programa apesar do mesmo estar disponível. Verificou-se associação estatisticamente significante entre a participação no programa de Planejamento Familiar, a faixa etária, o tipo de método e o local de obtenção do mesmo. Conclusão: A prevalência de gestação não planejada e os fatores associados ao Planejamento Familiar nesta população apontam para baixa eficiência e adesão ao programa na Estratégia Saúde da Família.
Scientific production about the sexuality of women in climacteric: an integrative review
Authors: Alves Estela Rodrigues Paiva , Leite Gerlaine de Oliviera , Calazans Juliana Cristina Cruz , Costa Aurélio Molina da , Santos Sergio Ribeiro dos , Dias Maria Djair
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica publicada sobre sexualidade de mulheres no climatério. Metódos: Revisão integrativa de abordagem bibliométrica, realizada através de consulta online, avançada e sistemática na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, utilizando-se a técnica da metapesquisa. Resultados: Os autores estavam vinculados a 20 instituições, 53,2% eram médicos, 61,7% eram doutores. O país com maior número de autores foi o Brasil. O tema mais abordado foi a função sexual. A maioria das publicações era quantitativa, ocorreram em 2008 e foram publicados no idioma português brasileiro. O nível de evidência mais frequente foi o quatro. A aplicação da lei de Bradford resultou em três zonas de produtividade. Conclusão: Observou-se a necessidade de mais pesquisas qualitativas, principalmente na área de enfermagem, além de estudos com maior poder de evidência, assim como mais investimentos em outras regiões do Brasil.
Properties of the lunar wake predicted by analytic models and hybrid‐kinetic simulations
Authors: Gharaee Hossna , Rankin Robert , Marchand Richard , Paral Jan
Published: April 2015

An approximate model derived by Hutchinson (2008a), describing the interaction between the solar wind and the Moon, is applied to describe plasma in the lunar wake. The model accounts for plasma entering the wake region from two tangent points around the Moon. Cylindrical geometry is assumed, along with a strong constant magnetic field, and fixed transverse velocity and temperature. Under these approximations two angle‐dependent equations for fluid flow are obtained, which can be solved using the method of characteristics to provide the density inside the wake region. It is demonstrated that the model valid under these assumptions provides excellent agreement with observations from the ARTEMIS mission and with large‐scale hybrid‐kinetic plasma simulations. The model provides a practical alternative to kinetic simulations and is generally useful for determining properties of the lunar wake under different solar wind conditions. It will be useful as well for predicting properties of the plasma environment around unmagnetized bodies that have not yet been visited by spacecraft.
Microwave radiometer observations of interannual water vapor variability and vertical structure over a tropical station
Authors: Renju R. , Suresh Raju C. , Mathew Nizy , Antony Tinu , Krishna Moorthy K.
Published: April 2015

The intraseasonal and interannual characteristics and the vertical distribution of atmospheric water vapor from the tropical coastal station Thiruvananthapuram (TVM) located in the southwestern region of the Indian Peninsula are examined from continuous multiyear, multifrequency microwave radiometer profiler (MRP) measurements. The accuracy of MRP for precipitable water vapor (PWV) estimation, particularly during a prolonged monsoon period, has been demonstrated by comparing with the PWV derived from collocated GPS measurements based on regression model between PWV and GPS wet delay component which has been developed for TVM station. Large diurnal and intraseasonal variations of PWV are observed during winter and premonsoon seasons. There is large interannual PWV variability during premonsoon, owing to frequent local convection and summer thunderstorms. During monsoon period, low interannual PWV variability is attributed to the persistent wind from the ocean which brings moisture to this coastal station. However, significant interannual humidity variability is seen at 2 to 6 km altitude, which is linked to the monsoon strength over the station. Prior to monsoon onset over the station, the specific humidity increases up to 5–10 g/kg in the altitude region above 5 km and remains consistently so throughout the active spells.
Atypical pit craters on Mars: New insights from THEMIS, CTX, and HiRISE observations
Authors: Cushing Glen E. , Okubo Chris H. , Titus Timothy N.
Published: April 2015

More than 100 pit craters in the Tharsis region of Mars exhibit morphologies, diameters, and thermal behaviors that diverge from the much larger bowl‐shaped pit craters that occur in most regions across Mars. These Atypical Pit Craters (APCs) generally have sharp and distinct rims, vertical or overhanging walls that extend down to their floors, surface diameters of ~50–350 m, and high depth to diameter (d/D) ratios that are usually greater than 0.3 (which is an upper range value for impacts and bowl‐shaped pit craters) and can exceed values of 1.8. Observations by the Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) show that APC floor temperatures are warmer at night and fluctuate with much lower diurnal amplitudes than nearby surfaces or adjacent bowl‐shaped pit craters. Kīlauea volcano, Hawai'i, hosts pit craters that formed through subsurface collapse into active volcanic dikes, resulting in pits that can appear morphologically analogous to either APCs or bowl‐shaped pit craters. Partially drained dikes are sometimes exposed within the lower walls and floors of these terrestrial APC analogs and can form extensive cave systems with unique microclimates. Similar caves in Martian pit craters are of great interest for astrobiology. This study uses new observations by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) and Context Camera to refine previous work where seven APCs were described from lower resolution THEMIS visible wavelength observations. Here we identify locations of 115 APCs, map their distribution across the Tharsis region, characterize their internal morphologies with high‐resolution observations, and discuss possible formation mechanisms.
Should hydraulic tomography data be interpreted using geostatistical inverse modeling? A laboratory sandbox investigation
Authors: Illman Walter A. , Berg Steven J. , Zhao Zhanfeng
Published: April 2015

The robust performance of hydraulic tomography (HT) based on geostatistics has been demonstrated through numerous synthetic, laboratory, and field studies. While geostatistical inverse methods offer many advantages, one key disadvantage is its highly parameterized nature, which renders it computationally intensive for large‐scale problems. Another issue is that geostatistics‐based HT may produce overly smooth images of subsurface heterogeneity when there are few monitoring interval data. Therefore, some may question the utility of the geostatistical inversion approach in certain situations and seek alternative approaches. To investigate these issues, we simultaneously calibrated different groundwater models with varying subsurface conceptualizations and parameter resolutions using a laboratory sandbox aquifer. The compared models included: (1) isotropic and anisotropic effective parameter models; (2) a heterogeneous model that faithfully represents the geological features; and (3) a heterogeneous model based on geostatistical inverse modeling. The performance of these models was assessed by quantitatively examining the results from model calibration and validation. Calibration data consisted of steady state drawdown data from eight pumping tests and validation data consisted of data from 16 separate pumping tests not used in the calibration effort. Results revealed that the geostatistical inversion approach performed the best among the approaches compared, although the geological model that faithfully represented stratigraphy came a close second. In addition, when the number of pumping tests available for inverse modeling was small, the geological modeling approach yielded more robust validation results. This suggests that better knowledge of stratigraphy obtained via geophysics or other means may contribute to improved results for HT.
On the assessment of reliability in probabilistic hydrometeorological event forecasting
Authors: DeChant Caleb M. , Moradkhani Hamid
Published: April 2015

Probabilistic forecasts are commonly used to communicate uncertainty in the occurrence of hydrometeorological events. Although probabilistic forecasting is common, conventional methods for assessing the reliability of these forecasts are approximate. Among the most common methods for assessing reliability, the decomposed Brier Score and Reliability Diagram treat an observed string of events as samples from multiple Binomial distributions, but this is an approximation of the forecast reliability, leading to unnecessary loss of information. This article suggests testing the hypothesis of reliability via the Poisson‐Binomial distribution, which is a generalized solution to the Binomial distribution, providing a more accurate model of the probabilistic event forecast verification setting. Further, a two‐stage approach to reliability assessment is suggested to identify errors in the forecast related to both bias and overly/insufficiently sharp forecasts. Such a methodology is shown to more effectively distinguish between reliable and unreliable forecasts, leading to more robust probabilistic forecast verification.