bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of γ-radiation on chickpea (Cicer arietinum) varieties and their tolerance to salinity stress
Authors: ABDOUN Amal Abdel-Nasser , MEKKI Laila , HAMWIEH Aladdin , BADR Abdelfattah
Published: July 2022

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a bisexual and self-pollinated legume. It improves the soil fertility through its natural ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen with its symbiotic bacteria. Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stress factors affecting plant growth. γ-radiation is a very effective tool for inducing mutations in many plants. This study evaluated the γ-radiation effect on germination, cell division and plant growth of first-generation plants. Seeds of seven chickpea varieties were irradiated with γ-radiation doses ranging between 50 Gy and 600 Gy. Non-significant differences in germination percentage were recorded for seeds exposed to 50 Gy, 100 Gy, and 200 Gy of γ-radiation in comparison to the corresponding controls except ILC 484. The mitotic index (MI) of root cells increased at the low doses of 50 Gy, 100 Gy and 200 Gy comparing and reduced at the higher doses in all chickpea varieties to the control. All doses of γ-radiation induced a variable range of chromosomal abnormalities; the most common were bridges, laggard chromosomes, stickiness at metaphase, chromosome breaks, micronuclei and binucleate cells. The 300 Gy to 600 Gy doses induced degradation of nuclear membranes. The salinity treatments at 25 mM NaCl and 60 mM NaCl reduced seedling’s growth of all cultivars. The dose of 100 Gy alleviated the impact of salinity at a concentration of 25 mM NaCl for all varieties, except FLIP 84-188 and FLIP 97-263. The 60 mM NaCl treatment significantly reduced early growth of all cultivars and its effect was not alleviated by the γ-radiation.
Teacher language awareness or language teacher awareness?
Authors: Komorowska Hanna
Published: July 2022

The paper outlines the development of the concept of awareness across various academic disciplines and examines terminological problems involved in analysing human cognition. Approaches to awareness in philosophy, developmental psychology, neuroscience and linguistics are discussed, as well as the career of the concept in Second Language Acquisition and Foreign Language Teaching (SLA / FLT). Learners’ and teachers’ language awareness is presented as a basis for the enrichment of the awareness concept by a number of psychological, sociological and pedagogical factors. Special attention is given to neglected aspects of teacher awareness, such as awareness of learners’ thinking processes and teachers’ awareness of classroom decision-making. Implications are sought for pre-service teacher education.
Développer la compétence grammaticale en français langue seconde - entre conscience et intuition linguistiques
Authors: Piegzik Wioletta
Published: July 2022

The paper proposes a reflection on the construction of grammatical competence in French as L2. We argue that grammatical competence embraces implicit and explicit knowledge, and results from the complementarity of conscious functions, closely linked to analogy and intelligence, and unconscious functions strictly connected with intuition. In the article, we show that an approach guaranteeing communicative success is connected to teaching formal aspects of language combined with meaning. In the first part, we discuss the specificity of both types of grammatical knowledge and refer to the concept of « grammar of sense » by P. Charaudeau. In the second part, some exercises and communication tasks combining analytical thinking and sense-oriented intuitive thinking are proposed.
Jeunes migrants en France. Des activités plurilittéraciques pour un parcours réflexif
Authors: Rispail Marielle , Totozani Marine , Villa-Perez Valeria
Published: July 2022

In this contribution, we intend to examine to what extent multiliteracy approaches make it possible to emphasize and develop various aspects of reflexivity in action in a migrant student who is in close contact with several languages within his family and school environment. To answer the source question, we gathered a corpus of various graphic and verbal signs among secondary school multilingual students that we analyzed according to a qualitative approach in the migratory and educational context of Saint-Étienne (France). It is about student output resulting from a school project that aimed at strengthening the students’ literacy competences, along with highlighting their native cultures and languages. As a reflexive tool, the depicted project turned out to be a bridge towards a multi-literacy approach, for which we have detailed the guidelines, beneficial for the learning of the French language, or the learning of any new language; it entails supporting the making of the subject in writing, then allowing an updating of the migratory experience.
Raising self-consciousness: phonetic education as embodied language learning
Authors: Scivoletto Giulio
Published: July 2022

Phonetic education is presented in this contribution as a pedagogical approach and didactic method for teaching and acquiring phonetic-phonological competence in the foreign language classroom at school. To develop such competence, we should overcome the school practice that still today does not seem to deviate from the listen-and-repeat method: the teaching of articulatory phonetics is proposed as a method and tool for learning based on self-consciousness. By discovering the sound dimension of language, and the bodily reality through which it is realised, the student undergoes an educational experience based on perception. The formative value of a phonetic education is framed in the perspective of body pedagogy, in line with an inclusive and democratic approach to language education.
An exploration of the connection between tree cover and selected development indicators in Kenya's devolved units
Authors: Chisika S.N. , Yeom C.
Published: July 2022

This study analyzes cross sectional data on the association between tree cover and selected socio-economic development indicators in Kenya's devolved units for the purpose of generating new knowledge needed for enhancing the implementation of tree cover expansion initiatives. Results
substantiate that tree cover supports many productive sectors of Kenya's economy. As such, there is a moderately positive correlation between county tree cover and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and HDI (Human Development Index) (r= 0.38, p= .005, one tail). These results
imply the need for careful planning and understanding that county GDP per capita and HDI are the most critical socio-economic factors affecting tree cover expansion in devolved units. As such, this paper recommends various actions in order to improve tree cover in the devolved units.
Integrating network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the potential mechanism of Xinguan No. 3 in the treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Peng Jiayan , Zhang Kun , Wang Lijie , Peng Fang , Zhang Chuantao , Long Kunlan , Chen Jun , Zhou Xiujuan , Gao Peiyang , Fan Gang
Published: July 2022

Xinguan No. 3 has been recommended for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, its potential mechanisms are unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanisms of Xinguan No. 3 against COVID-19 through network pharmacology and molecular docking. We first searched the ingredients of Xinguan No. 3 in three databases (Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicines Integrated Database, and The Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine). The active components and their potential targets were predicted through the SwissTargetPrediction website. The targets of COVID-19 can be found on the GeneCards website. Protein interaction analysis, screening of key targets, functional enrichment of key target genes, and signaling pathway analysis were performed through Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes databases, Metascape databases, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway databases. Finally, the affinity of the key active components with the core targets was verified by molecular docking. The results showed that five core targets had been screened, including MAPK1, NF-κB1, RELA, AKT1, and MAPK14. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the key targets were associated with inflammatory responses and responses to external stimuli. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the main pathways were influenza A, hepatitis B, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. Therefore, Xinguan No. 3 might play a role in treating COVID-19 through anti-inflammatory, immune responses, and regulatory responses to external stimuli.
Gender and Entrepreneurship in the New Era: New Perspectives on the Role of Gender and Entrepreneurial Activity
Authors: Mustafa Michael , Treanor Lorna
Published: July 2022

The topics of gender and entrepreneurship have been of great scholarly interest since the eighties. In this invited editorial, we provide an overview of the evolution of the field of gender and entrepreneurship. Specifically, we consider the evolution of the field by highlighting the importance of context and the need to consider gender in all future research examining’ entrepreneurial activity. Drawing on a contextualized approach we provide an overview of the six articles in this curated special issue with the aim of increasing our understanding of women’s entrepreneurial activity. Finally, we conclude with some suggestions for future research. We hope this invited editorial will spur deeper research at the intersections between gender and entrepreneurship.
Constitutional Design and the Urban/Rural Divide
Authors: Hirschl Ran
Published: July 2022

In this article, I consider a curious blind spot in constitutional scholarship concerning the resurging rural/urban divide—a readily evident phenomenon closely associated with political resentment and anti-establishment sentiments—and how we may begin to address that challenge through creative constitutional designs. Specifically, I draw upon insights from comparative constitutionalism to discuss four main areas of constitutional law and theory that appear to hold some intellectual promise in this context: (i) formal constitutional commitment at the national level to recognizing the urban/rural divide and commitment to addressing it; (ii) creative electoral system designs that take into account the spatial dimension of politics; (iii) spatial pluralization based on concepts such as “mixed constitutions,” “community standards,” and “margin of appreciation”; and (iv) rethinking elements of equalization and fiscal federalism more generally. Taken together, the four directions I discuss here offer a repertoire of constitutional design possibilities that hold promise in mitigating the resurging rural/urban gulf. More generally, they serve as an invitation to constitutional thinkers to shake up the rather stagnant constitutional thought of spatial governance, and to think creatively about the ever-expanding urban/rural divide and its consequences for the theory and practice of 21st century constitutional democracy.
Between the Prerogative and the Normative States: The Evolving Power to Detain in China’s Political-Legal System
Authors: Fu Hualing
Published: July 2022

This article uses Ernst Fraenkel’s dual-state framework as an analytical tool to study those conflicting imperatives and constitutional tensions with a focus on the power to detain. This article makes the argument that China has emerged as a dual state with a normal state that functions increasingly with a rule-based government in inter-personal matters and a prerogative state that solidifies control in areas that are regarded as political sensitive. Overall, while the equilibrium between the normative and prerogative states has been evolving in China, it has remained stable. The Party has been able to build a relatively self-defined and self-referencing legal system to provide the certainty and order that the Chinese political economy demands while maintaining a zone of exception, expansive and continuing to evolve, for the prerogative state to safeguard authoritarian rule.
Introductory Formulas in the Catalogue of Men ofOdyssey11
Authors: Skempis Marios
Published: July 2022

In this paper, I examine the formulaic system of the catalogue of men inOdyssey11. The discursive means at work whenever a catalogue entry is introduced, rest on vision and kinetics. These are two cardinal notions that establish themselves in narrative contexts of male catalogue poetry in theIliad. Scrutinising the formula-based linguistic register pertaining to visual perception and movement/stasisshows that entry introductory formulas serve as mechanisms of meticulous inner structuring and co-ordination of the narrative material and of outer framing with regard to the preceding free-floating entries and the catalogue of women.
Religion on the Rostrum:EuchomaiPrayers in the Texts of Attic Oratory
Authors: Serafim Andreas
Published: July 2022

This paper examines the use of prayers that are denoted by the verbeuchomai, and their function as a means of affecting the cognitive/emotional disposition of people in forensic, symbouleutic and epideictic orations. It is argued that (references to) prayers may be of explicit or implicit character, and that they serve a variety of purposes: to secure the goodwill of the audience for the speaker; to present his character and civic/political qualities positively, while attacking, undermining and incriminating opponents for religious and political misconducts; to invite people in court or in the Assembly to think they are inspected by an invisible yet omnipresent divine audience; to refer to patriotism; and to triangulate relations between the speaker, his opponents and the audience.
The roles and diagnostic value of miRNA-1246 in the serum of patients with intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Jiang Haijie , Ding Yansheng , Wu Lili , Jiang Chunyan , Wang Chengdong
Published: July 2022

Background

Inflammatory response is one of the important factors affecting the formation of intracranial aneurysm. miR-1246 is involved in the regulation of several inflammatory diseases; however, its expression levels and the mechanism of action in intracranial aneurysms remain further investigated.

Methods

Bioinformatics was used to analyze the levels of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in the serum of intracranial aneurysm patients as well as in the intracranial aneurysm tissues downloaded from the GEO RNA-seq database. Blood samples were collected pre-operatively from patients with intracranial aneurysms as well as from healthy volunteers, and miRNA-1246 expression levels were detected using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Meanwhile, the diagnostic value of miR-1246 for intracranial aneurysm was explored using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Principle findings and results

Serum levels of miR-1246 were elevated in intracranial aneurysm patients. Bioinformatics studies revealed that the target genes of miR-1246, TP53, glycogen synthetase kinase (GSK), and transcription factor YY1 may play important roles in the development of intracranial aneurysms. miR-1246 is involved in inflammatory response, lipid, and atherosclerotic signaling pathways.

Conclusions and significance

High level of miR-1246 is found in the serum of patients with intracranial aneurysms and may serve as a diagnostic or/and treatment marker for intracranial aneurysms.
“England Prevails?” Contemporary UK Politics and Alan Moore’s Border-Challenging Comics
Authors: Helbig Tina
Published: July 2022

This article connects Alan Moore’s comics V for Vendetta (1982–1989) and The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen Vol. I (1999–2000) and Vol. II (2002–2003) with contemporary UK politics, particularly with Brexit, populism, and the idea of British exceptionalism and its link to Britain’s nostalgic relationship with its past as an empire. It argues that particularly through Moore’s monstrous protagonists, who transgress a multitude of cultural borders, established mindsets, stereotypes, and prejudices are challenged, and complicated and uncomfortable questions are raised – thereby setting a stark contrast to the overly simplifying pseudo-answers handed out by populism.
Desiring Walls: Fantasies of Containment and Reimagined British Pasts
Authors: Boll Julia
Published: July 2022

In Sarah Moss’s Ghost Wall (2018), an archaeology class pitches camp near Hadrian’s Wall, where they are joined by a local family in an experimental re-enactment of Iron Age Britain. The novel explores nostalgic nationalism, fantasies of nativism and racial supremacy, and the wish for containment and boundaries in a contemporary world perceived as having lost its cultural core. Following Wendy Brown’s suggestion to read the desire to erect border walls as the symptom of a hysterical obsession with ‘the alien,’ this essay focuses on the construction of borders as ritual spectacles aimed at securing deeply gendered fantasies of innocence, regulation, and containment, and how this aligns with contemporary British national and cultural nostalgia. It will also explore the thematic connections and differences between Moss’s critical probing of reimagined old ways of life and the yearning for a wistful version of bygone Britishness perceptible in recent British nature and travel writings.
condLSTM‐Q: A novel deep learning model for predicting COVID‐19 mortality in fine geographical scale
Authors: Jo HyeongChan , Kim Juhyun , Huang Tzu‐Chen , Ni Yu‐Li
Published: July 2022

Background

Modern machine learning‐based models have not been harnessed to their total capacity for disease trend predictions prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic. This work is the first use of the conditional RNN model in predicting disease trends that we know of during development that complemented classical epidemiological approaches.

Methods

We developed the long short‐term memory networks with quantile output (condLSTM‐Q) model for making quantile predictions on COVID‐19 death tolls.

Results

We verified that the condLSTM‐Q was accurately predicting fine‐scale, county‐level daily deaths with a two‐week window. The model’s performance was robust and comparable to, if not slightly better than well‐known, publicly available models. This provides unique opportunities for investigating trends within the states and interactions between counties along state borders. In addition, by analyzing the importance of the categorical data, one could learn which features are risk factors that affect the death trend and provide handles for officials to ameliorate the risks.

Conclusion

The condLSTM‐Q model performed robustly, provided fine‐scale, county‐level predictions of daily deaths with a two‐week window. Given the scalability and generalizability of neural network models, this model could incorporate additional data sources with ease and could be further developed to generate other valuable predictions such as new cases or hospitalizations intuitively.
Functional data analysis: An application to COVID‐19 data in the United States in 2020
Authors: Tang Chen , Wang Tiandong , Zhang Panpan
Published: July 2022

Background

In this paper, we conduct an analysis of the COVID‐19 data in the United States in 2020 via functional data analysis methods. Through this research, we investigate the effectiveness of the practice of public health measures, and assess the correlation between infections and deaths caused by the COVID‐19. Additionally, we look into the relationship between COVID‐19 spread and geographical locations, and propose a forecasting method to predict the total number of confirmed cases nationwide.

Methods

The functional data analysis methods include functional principal analysis methods, functional canonical correlation analysis methods, an expectation‐maximization (EM) based clustering algorithm and a functional time series model used for forecasting.

Results

It is evident that the practice of public health measures helps to reduce the growth rate of the epidemic outbreak over the nation. We have observed a high canonical correlation between confirmed and death cases. States that are geographically close to the hot spots are likely to be clustered together, and population density appears to be a critical factor affecting the cluster structure. The proposed functional time series model gives more reliable and accurate predictions of the total number of confirmed cases than standard time series methods.

Conclusions

The results obtained by applying the functional data analysis methods provide new insights into the COVID‐19 data in the United States. With our results and recommendations, the health professionals can make better decisions to reduce the spread of the epidemic, and mitigate its negative effects to the national public health.
To Explore the Effect of Preoperative Hemodynamic Factors on The Outcome of Pseudolumen After Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection TEVAR Based on Computer Fluid Dynamics
Authors: He Xin , Peng Lulu , Cheng CunWei , Zhu Fangtao , Huang Weihua , Yu Haibin
Published: July 2022

Objective: The preoperative aortic hemodynamic data of patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection were obtained by computer fluid dynamics (CFD). Then we explored the relationship between hemodynamic data and short-term residual pseudolumen after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and predict the latter through the former.
Methods: We collected the relevant data of 53 patients who underwent TEVAR in our hospital. They were divided into the A group (residual false lumen group) and B group (closed false lumen group), according to whether there was a residual false cavity around the stent recently after TEVAR. Three-dimensional reconstruction and CFD analysis of the thoracic and abdominal aorta was performed by DSCTA before the operation to obtain the aortic wall shear stress (WSS) and maximum blood flow velocity of the true and false lumen at the entrance, middle point of the long axis, and distal decompression port at the peak time of ventricular systolic velocity. Through the statistical analysis, we further studied the predictive value of hemodynamic data for residual pseudolumen.
Results: There was no significant difference in age, male, preoperative and postoperative thoracic and abdominal aorta DSCTA interval, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, smoking, Pt and APTT at admission between the two groups (P > 0.05). The blood flow velocity and shear stress at the entrance of the false lumen and the distal decompression port in the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05), while the other hemodynamic indexes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis further showed that the shear stress of the false lumen at the level of the distal decompression port (OR = 1.73, P = 0.01) was an independent risk factor for the residual false lumen around the stent in the early stage after TEVAR. The ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC area of the ROC curve corresponding to the shear stress of the false cavity at the level of the distal decompression port was 0.83, the best cross-sectional value was 9.49pa, and the sensitivity and specificity were 84.60% and 72.50%.
Conclusions: The residual pseudolumen after TEVAR is related to the hemodynamic factors in the aorta before TEVAR. Preoperative hemodynamic data also have good predictive value. When the shear stress of the false lumen at the level of the distal decompression port is greater than 9.49pa, the probability of residual false lumen around the stent during the perioperative period significantly increases.
Tax Regulation of the Brewing Industry in Russia in the First Half of the 19th Century
Authors: Mariskin Oleg I.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. In article influence of the excise taxation on development of the brewing industry and business during early industrial changes of Russia in the first half of the 19th century is investigated. Direct dependence of brewing production on the size of excises duties: low profitability and an inefficiency of plants were caused both high rates of an excise, and ways of its collection.

Results and Discussion. The abolition of farming and the transition to state-owned sales since 1819 had a positive impact on the brewing industry. This was the period of the rise of brewing, the formation of the national brewing industry in the form of a manufactory. The return in 1827 to farming again led to the restriction of the beer trade and, ultimately, to a reduction in the volume of the brewing industry. In order to further increase income in 1847, excise-farm commission was introduced, combining the methods of state-owned and farmed-out sale of vodka and beer. After the introduction of the excise commission, private brewing began to decline significantly. The characteristic features of the regional brewing industry were the widespread use of manual labor, low productivity and the predominance of small enterprises.

Conclusion. In the first half of the 19th century in Russia brewing, in terms of the volume of production and consumption of beer, and state revenues, was by no means as important as the distillery industry. The low profitability and inefficiency of small and medium-sized plants were due to both high excise rates and the methods of its collection.
The first wild record of Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides confirms its occurrence in the Philippine archipelago with notes on its habitat and conservation status
Authors: Naive Mark Arcebal K. , Cootes Jim
Published: July 2022

Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides Rolfe is a species native to Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo. It was recently collected in Mt. Timolan Protected Landscape of Zamboanga del Sur, confirming its occurrence in the Philippine archipelago. Here, we provide species descriptions based on our collected material and photographs to aid identification, geographical distribution information, habitat, phenology, and an IUCN conservation assessment.
Implementation of the concept of corporate social responsibility management for quasi-public sector companies
Authors: Bekenov Nurdaulet , Dossova Senymgul
Published: July 2022

Corporate social responsibility affects the financial efficiency of the company, but this influence is most significant under certain environmental conditions, demonstrating a tendency to improve the situation in macroeconomics. However, the very mechanism of such influence remains unexplored. For the practical application of corporate social responsibility for the company’s benefit, it is important to connect corporate social responsibility indicators, environmental parameters with financial metrics. The research purpose is to justify the concept of adaptive management of corporate social responsibility for quasi-public sector companies in the context of macroeconomics changing factors. Research methodology: general scientific methods of cognition: comparison, analysis and synthesis, as well as system-situational, dialectical, abstract-theoretical, structural-functional, and systemic. The study hypothesized that by introducing the impact of the quality of CSR management on the financial performance of a quasi-public sector company, it is possible to provide a high gross domestic product growth rate. The concept of corporate social responsibility management for companies in the quasi-public sector has been developed. It was stated that the largest numerical values of the coefficients for 2018 and 2019 are more than 0.7 units. It was during those years, in accordance with the research results, that low (less than 6 %) inflation and a high GDP growth rate (more than 5 %) took place. Using the concept will make it possible to implement a systematic approach in the management of corporate social responsibility and ensure the conditions for achieving goals in the company of the quasi-public sector
Numerical study on the effect of anisotropy on deformation behavior of aluminum bilayer sheets in single point incremental metal forming
Authors: Mohammed Bassam Abdullah , Batbooti Raed Sabri , Jabbar Tahseen Ali
Published: July 2022

The anisotropy of metals is an important property that has a significant impact on the dimensional accuracy of components in manufacturing. In metal forming processes significant attention has been given to multilayer composite sheets as they may combine the advantages of materials with various mechanical properties. In this study, the effect of anisotropy is investigated in the process of single point incremental forming (SPIF) of aluminum bilayer sheets. The finite element method (FEM) is used to study the effect of layer arrangement and the anisotropy of metal sheets relative to the rolling direction. For the effective description of sheet metal anisotropy, the two-dimensional Yld2000-2D yield function is implemented in Abaqus software using a material subroutine (VUMAT). The calculation and calibration of the coefficients of Yld2000-2D in accordance with the experimental data were performed using a MATLAB code. For comparison, the anisotropic coefficients of Yld2000-2D were replaced by unit values in the same VUMAT to investigate forming behavior in the isotropic case with the von Mises yield function. Anisotropic and isotropic models are compared in a conical geometry by assessing equivalent plastic strain, sheet thickness, and forming tool reaction forces. Our findings show that anisotropy of sheet metal causes less variation in material properties compared to the isotropic case, significantly affecting the stiffness and, subsequently, the final shape dimensional accuracy of the formed component. The results of the study have a practical application in that they can be used to identify strategies for anisotropic bimetal sheets to improve such material forming processes
Identification of factors that negatively affect the growth of agricultural crops by methods of orthogonal transformations
Authors: Yessenova Moldir , Abdikerimova Gulzira , Adilova Aknur , Yerzhanova Akbota , Kakabayev Nurbol , Ayazbaev Talgatbek , Sattybaeva Zeinigul , Ospanova Tleugaisha
Published: July 2022

This paper focuses on aerospace image analysis methods. Aerospace images are considered for the study of agricultural crops of northern Kazakhstan belonging to the A. I. Barayev Research and Production Center for Grain Farming. The main goal of the research is the development and implementation of algorithms that make it possible to detect and highlight on aerospace images the factors that negatively affect the growth of crops over the growing seasons. To resolve the problem, the spectral brightness coefficient (SBC), NDVI, clustering, orthogonal transformations are used. Special attention was paid to the development of software tools for selecting characteristics that describe texture differences to segment texture regions into sub-regions. That is, the issue of the applicability of sets of textural features and orthogonal transformations for the analysis of experimental data to identify characteristic areas on aerospace images that can be associated with weeds, pests, etc. in the future was investigated. The questions of signal image processing remain the focus of attention of different specialists. The images act both as a result and as a research object in physics, astronautics, meteorology, forensic medicine and many other areas of science and technology. Furthermore, image processing systems are currently being used to resolve many applied problems.
A program has been implemented in the MATLAB environment that allows performing spectral transformations of six types: 1) cosine; 2) Hadamard of order 2n; 3) Hadamard of order n=p+1, p≡3 (mod4); 4) Haar; 5) slant; 6) Daubechies 4.
Analysis of the data obtained revealed the features of changes in the reflectivity of cultivated crops and weeds in certain periods of the growing season. The data obtained are of great importance for the validation of remote space observations using aerospace images
Implementation of the enhanced ant colony system algorithm to solve reliable communication network design
Authors: Abdul-Razaq Abeer A. , Nasser Huda Karem , Hameed Asaad Shakir , Mutar Modhi Lafta , Alrikabi Haiffa Muhsan B. , AL-Rifaie Mohammed F. , Jaber Mustafa Musa
Published: July 2022

The problem of communication design has been defined as one of the problems that belong to the category of NP-hard problem, and the aim of the topological communication network design is to identify component placement locations and connectivity aspects. On the other hand, the Reliable Communication Network Design (RCND) is a popular optimization problem used for maximizing network reliability. In addition, finding an accurate calculation of RCND explains the problem of NP-hard problem. To this end, literature studies suggested various metaheuristic algorithms that have been used as approximation methods to find the best solution to this problem. Some of these algorithms belong to the Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) category, such as Genetic Algorithms (GAs), and some belong to the Swarm Intelligence Algorithms (SIAs) category, such as Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). However, to the best of our knowledge, the Ant Colony System (ACS) algorithm, which is considered an updated version of ACO, has not yet been used to design reliability-constrained communication network topologies. Therefore, this study aims to apply the updated version of the ACS algorithm for solving RCND in small, medium, and large networks. The proposed algorithm was benchmarked against present state-of-the-art techniques that address this challenge. The research findings show that the proposed algorithm is an optimal solution for a fully connected small network size (n=6, 7, 8, and 9) and it has been achieved as an optimal solution for all not fully connected sets (n=14, 16, and 20). In each case, the results for medium-sized networks were better than the benchmark results
The influence of organizational and economic methods of household waste management on the volumes and structure of its formation: the experience of the Netherlands
Authors: Elrabaya Daker , Marchenko Valentyna
Published: July 2022

In the context of global consumption growth, the amount of household waste is increasing, the management of which should be based on the choice of those methods that ensure the growth of its processing and do not increase the financial burden on the population.
This study examines the most common methods of organizing the management of solid domestic waste and the formation of tariffs for its disposal in the Netherlands. The effect of the applied method on the composition of the generated waste and the degree of separation of their components is analyzed. The cost of handling each ton of waste using each of the three most common methods is calculated.
The different influence of the method of payment for household waste management on the volume of mixed waste generation per capita and the volume of waste generation in general has been proven. The largest volumes of mixed waste were generated in those municipalities that introduced an annual fee per inhabitant. The smallest are when using payment by the volume of the garbage bag.
Depending on the method used in determining the payment for household waste management, the financial burden per tenant is calculated. In municipalities that have implemented a fixed fee for waste disposal per inhabitant, the load was 1.04 % of the annual income of the person, and when paying depending on the volume of garbage bags, 4.65 %.
It is established that the existing waste management system in the Netherlands has ensured a high level of organization of separate collection of household waste.
As a result of the study, no direct relationship was found between the method of calculating payment for waste disposal and the generation of mixed waste. It is concluded that the effectiveness of the implementation of the household waste management policy depends on the level of public awareness of the negative consequences of its impact on the environment
Risk analysis of Ex-spool 16” mol: an insight of machine learning and experimental result
Authors: Aditiyawarman Taufik , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi , Kaban Agus Paul Setiawan , Riastuti Rini , Rahmadani Haryo , Pribadi Mohammad , Ramdhani Rizal Tresna , Aribowo Sidhi , Suryadi Suryadi
Published: July 2022

The paper reports the development of a Risk-Based Inspection (RBI)-Machine Learning perspective. The Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES), Tensile and Hardness Test, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Check, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the root cause of the pipeline’s failure. Corrosion attack shows at the cross-section microstructure based on SEM results. Carbon, Manganese, Phosphorous, and sulfur’s chemical composition is dramatically lower than the standard API 5L Grade X42. Siderite and hematite dominate the composition of the corroded area as a result of CO2 dissolving in water. In contrast, hematite is generated due to the pipe and outdoor atmosphere reaction. Severe local wall thinning of the sand abrasion causes the degradation of the material’s mechanical properties and increases the corrosion rate. This result amplifies by the development of Machine Learning (ML) of Pearson Multicollinear Matrix and Supervised ML (Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Linear Regression) to estimate the corrosion degradation of the material. The source of datasets provided by ILI inspection includes the calculated PoF Remaining Useful Life (RuL) as input data, while Probability of Failure (PoF) prediction serves as output data. The Random Forest shows superior predictions of 92.18 %, with the lowest validation loss of 0.0316. The modeling result confirms the experimental outcome. This work demonstrates the implementation strategy to reduce the analysis time, minimize human bias, and serve as a reliable reference tool and guideline to maintain the integrity of the subsea pipelines.
Determining the mode characteristics of voltage regulator with capacitive load
Authors: Fediv Yevhen , Sivakova Olha
Published: July 2022

The tasks of dynamic compensation of reactive power are solved by means of flexible AC transmission systems using power electronics devices. The object of this study is a variable voltage regulator with a capacitive load. This paper considered the problem of the efficiency of phase voltage regulation on the capacitor battery to use it as a source to compensate for reactive power. The results of the study are presented, which justify the effectiveness of the technique for obtaining a dynamic source of reactive power based on the use of a thyristor voltage regulator with a capacitive load. A comparative study of two regimes of the regulator was carried out: the phase-controlled mode of closing fully controlled semiconductor gates and the phase-controlled mode for opening single-core semiconductor gates. Analytical expressions for angular characteristics of power according to the main harmonics are derived. It is shown that under the first mode the current through the capacitor is capacitive, which makes it possible to obtain a thyristor-adjustable capacitor battery for dynamic compensation of reactive power in power supply systems. It was found that under the second mode, simultaneously with the regulation of reactive power, there is a phenomenon of consumption from the active power supply network according to the main harmonics. This means that the regulation of current through an ideal capacity using ideal phase-controlled semiconductor gates is accompanied by the consumption of the active component of the current from the power supply network. The resulting component of active power in the electrical circuit without active resistances is proposed to be called "active artificial shear power". The results have been confirmed by studies on virtual models
Creating a concept and axiomatization of the applied theory of efficiency of complex technical systems with distributed parameters of input and output products
Authors: Lutsenko Igor , Tytiuk Valerii , Vikhrova Elena , Oksanych Iryna , Sivyakova Galina
Published: July 2022

The object of this study is the processes of optimal control over complex technical systems with input and output products distributed in time.
The automatic formation of optimal control trajectories of technical systems that ensure maximum efficiency of production processes is limited by the insufficient development of the applied theory of the efficiency of complex systems.
This work considers the development of the conceptual base and axiomatization of the applied theory of the efficiency of technical systems.
A system of definitions and a system of axioms describing the indicators of the functioning of the cybernetic model of a technical system have been developed. The resulting system of axioms formalizes the technique and methods for determining various indicators, as well as obtaining the current value of the performance indicator of the technical system. The obtained expressions make it possible to form a subsystem for assessing the effectiveness of a technical system, invariant with respect to its internal structure and the characteristics of the transformation processes implemented by it. The universality of the proposed indicators and the structural unity of the performance evaluation subsystem make it possible to express an opinion on the cybernetic level of these decisions.
An example of the practical application of the proposed system of axioms of the applied theory of efficiency is given.
The proposed method for determining the efficiency indicator can be applied to arbitrary technical systems with a distributed nature of the change in input and output products. The cybernetic level of abstractions used to determine the effectiveness of complex systems makes it possible to proceed to solving the problem of formalization and full automation of the processes of optimal control over complex technical systems with distributed input and output products
Development of a method for optimizing industrial energy storage units placement in electric distribution networks on the basis of ideal current distribution
Authors: Kulyk Volodymyr , Teptya Vira , Vishnevskyi Sviatoslav , Hrytsiuk Yurii , Hrytsiuk Iryna , Zatkhei Maksym
Published: July 2022

The object of this study is the process of integrating industrial energy storage units (IESU) into distribution electrical networks. Their connection helps reduce peak loads on the elements of networks and improve the quality of voltage. However, determining the optimal IESU capacities and their places of connection to networks is associated with objective difficulties. It is necessary to apply comprehensive optimality criteria and take into consideration active restrictions. In addition, the trends in the development of distribution networks and pricing in the energy market are partially undefined. The current study proposes the formalization of the problem of optimizing the placement of IESU in distribution networks and reports a new method to solve it. Its application contributes to a reasonable definition of the volume of investments in the development of IESU, taking into consideration technical restrictions on the part of distribution networks. To solve the problem of multifactorial optimization of the energy storage system, the decomposition and method of ideal current distribution (for electricity losses) were applied. It is shown that this problem can be reduced to an iterative calculation of current distribution in the substitution circuit of power grids with active resistances. And, to take into consideration economic factors, a technique to determine and adjust fictitious resistances was devised. An optimization algorithm has been proposed that ensures a decrease in the number of computing operations and an increase in the reliability of obtaining an optimal solution. Its application makes it possible to take into consideration the dynamics of pricing, consumption, and electricity generation processes over long periods. This contributes to the formation of sound design decisions on the connection of IESU to distribution networks
Research on the use of motivational tools in the practical activity of pharmaceutical specialists
Authors: Horodetska Iryna , Levytska Oksana , Chukhray Iryna , Korniyenko Oleksandra , Bilushchak Halyna
Published: July 2022

The aim. Research on the peculiarities of the use of modern motivational tools by domestic employers in the pharmaceutical industry (including training and involvement of pharmaceutical specialists in social projects).

Materials and methods. An anonymous online survey in the Google Form was conducted from April 3, 2021 to November 1, 2021 on the social network "Facebook" (including in four pharmaceutical groups of this network). Methods: analysis, synthesis, and generalization.

Results of the research. The main motivating factors of respondents and the main motivational tools used by employers in the pharmaceutical industry have been identified. The state of training and education during professional activities and the evaluation of their effectiveness by respondents have been studied. Professional and motivational-psychological trainings are in the lead in the ranking of educational projects (75.2 % of respondents). The methods of evaluation of pharmaceutical specialists used by employers in the pharmaceutical industry have been generalized. The attitude of respondents to the participation of employers in the pharmaceutical industry in social and charitable projects has been studied. Most respondents (67.5 %) positively perceives the participation of employers in social and charitable projects, for some of them this is a motivational advantage when choosing a place of work.

Conclusions. An online survey of 508 pharmaceutical professionals, conducted in a Google Form has allowed us to establish the features of current motivational approaches used today in pharmaceutical organizations and the attitude of respondents to them. It has been found that such motivational tools as trainings (innovative form of education) (55.1 %), as well as material forms of incentives (73.2 %) are widely used. At the same time, the main topics of the trainings are regarding the professional aspects of activity. An important factor in the life of a pharmaceutical organization is its social and charitable work, which forms a positive attitude towards it on the part of pharmaceutical professionals, and sometimes serves as a motivational advantage in choosing a place of work