bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Кибератаки как угроза экономической безопасности компаний и государственных структур
Authors: Садыков Р.С.
Published: March 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема кибератак в аспекте их влияния на экономическую безопасность компаний и государственных структур. Особое внимание уделяется оценке DDoSатак и фишинга, как наиболее распространенных форм киберугроз. Также проводится анализ динамики кибератак, доли наиболее подверженных угрозам сфер, оценка успешных кибератак и наиболее распространенные методы злоумышленников. Выявляются последствия влияния кибератак на экономическую безопасность компаний и государственных структур и рассматриваются новейшие технологии противодействия кибератакам.
Образовательный процесс. Проектирование образовательного опыта
Authors: Стратиевская Е.С.
Published: March 2024

Данная статья рассматривает современные тенденции в образовании, сфокусированные на проектировании образовательного опыта студентов. В условиях быстрого технологического развития и социокультурных изменений образование становится ключевым инструментом подготовки нового поколения к вызовам будущего. В статье рассматривается эволюция образования, от пассивной роли студента к активному участию и концепции "проектирования опыта обучения". Подчеркивается значение индивидуализации, учета потребностей студентов и использования современных технологий в создании образовательных программ
Применение методов дизайн-мышления в стратегии современных компаний
Authors: Тарасова А.С.
Published: March 2024

Данная статья представляет обзор различных аспектов и видов дизайн-мышления, методики, а также примеры успешного применения этого подхода в различных сферах деятельности. Авторы представляют примеры практического использования дизайн-мышления в корпоративном мире, в области разработки продуктов, услуг, и бизнес-процессов, а также рассматривают успешные кейсы применения методологии дизайн-мышления в крупных компаниях и стартапах
Общая характеристика кредитного договора и его условия
Authors: Амхадов И.М.
Published: March 2024

В указанной статье рассматривается характеристика кредитного договора, а также его существенные условия, и определяются проблемы, которые могут возникать в отношениях, связанных с получением кредитного договора.
Историческое значение Ватикана как субъекта международного права
Authors: Бас М.Н.
Published: March 2024

В статье рассматривается историческое значение государственно-подобного образования Ватикан, его роль и место в международных правоотношениях и международном праве в целом. Анализируются предпосылки возникновения Ватикана, его религиозные особенности, а также его значение на международно-правовой арене как субъекта.
Международно-правовой статус Арктического региона и его роль в современной системе международных отношений
Authors: Белоконь А.А. , Кубышева Ю.Ю.
Published: March 2024

В статье авторами рассмотрен образ Арктического региона как крупного геополитического актора, внутри которого четко разделены зоны политического влияния современных государств. Рассматриваются негативные аспекты лоббирования интересов отдельных стран, которые оказывают воздействие на ситуацию в регионе, а также негативные последствия, обусловленные отсутствием стандартизированного международного законодательного регулирования режима безопасности и присутствия внешних акторов в регионе. Авторы рассматривают правовые характеристики и существующие подходы к определению статуса арктических территорий, которые разнятся в различных политикоправовых традициях.Основным выводом является выделение существующих правовых коллизий, которые успешно могут быть преодолены лишь при взаимном, совместном плодотворном сотрудничестве ключевых политических акторов, имеющих отношение и внешнеполитические стремления к Арктике.
Особенности дистанционного труда: сетевая и платформенная занятость
Authors: Бурдаева П.Д. , Жаворонкова Л.С.
Published: March 2024

В статье проанализированы современные тенденции развития цифровых технологий и их активное внедрение в основную форму занятости, где осуществляется переход действующих работников на электронный трудовой учет вместо привычной формы записи трудоустройства работника. Рассматривается подъем современного направления в развитии трудовых отношений в сфере цифровой среды. Исследована платформенная занятость с целью разработки правовых форм регулирования, позволяющего выявить ее преимущества и минимизировать недостатки для занятого населения.
К вопросу о признаках преступления как основании для возбуждения уголовного дела
Authors: Вайкок Б.М.
Published: March 2024

В настоящей научной работе автором исследуется проблема определения основания для возбуждения уголовного дела. Проанализированы основные позиции ученых, сделан вывод об их обоснованности. Существующая законодательная формулировка является крайне размытой, что порождает дискуссии в научной среде. Нет четких критериев, которые бы позволяли следователю сделать вывод о достаточности оснований для возбуждений уголовного дела. Однако автором сделан вывод, что вносить изменения в действующее уголовнопроцессуальное законодательство в части признания основанием для возбуждения уголовного дела признаков состава преступления необоснованно по изложенным в исследовательской части научной работы причинам. Предложено внести изменения в УПК РФ в ст. 5, указав в ней логический объем понятия «признаки преступления». Полагаем, данное законодательное изменение позволит достичь единства в правоприменительной практике.
Проблемы квалификации убийства матерью новорожденного ребенка
Authors: Гайворонская П.И. , Геращенко А.С.
Published: March 2024

В Российском уголовном законодательстве дискуссионной является норма ст. 106 Уголовного кодекса. Российской Федерации. Диспозиция данной статьи не раскрывает, в полной мере, элементов данного состава преступления. Так без точного определения остаются такие понятия как период новорожденности и момент начала уголовно-правовой охраны жизни человека. Убийство матерью новорожденного ребенка необходимо отграничивать п. «в» ч. 2 ст. 105 УК РФ (от убийства малолетнего).
Общая характеристика актов прокурорского реагирования на примере постановления прокурора
Authors: Горгинян О.М.
Published: March 2024

В статье подробно рассматривается постановление прокурора, представ-ленное в качестве особого акта прокурорского реагирования. Автор уделяет внимание изучению правовой литературы, а также нормативных правовых ак-тов регламентирующих процессуальную деятельность прокурора в данной об-ласти.
Правовые вопросы экологической безопасности
Authors: Добросельцева В.В.
Published: March 2024

Статья посвящена теоретическому анализу вопросов экологической безопасности в рамках действующего законодательства. Автор выделяет актуальные вопросы, связанные с данной темой, и предлагает возможные пути их решения. В законодательстве Российской Федерации установлены разные полномочия, которыми обладают общественные и государственные экологические объединения, и организации по охране экологии, непосредственно сами граждане. Государство выступает гарантом населения на благоприятную окружающую среду, обеспечивает экологический правопорядок. Порядок в регулировании на законодательном уровне вопросов экологической безопасности, контроль надзорными органами системы безопасности в сфере экологии должен сочетать экономические и административно-правовые инструменты. Автор отмечает, что государство, через правовое регулирование охраны окружающей среды и правоприменение занимает ведущую позицию в обеспечении экологической безопасности населения. Анализ действующего законодательства позволяет обозначить проблемы в обеспечении экологической безопасности и наметить пути законодательного решения.
Некоторые проблемы предоставления дополнительных оплачиваемых отпусков
Authors: Закомолдина С.Р. , Лешукова А.И.
Published: March 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с особенностями предоставления ежегодных дополнительных оплачиваемых отпусков лицам, работающим по трудовому договору. Выявлены и проанализированы проблемы предоставления дополнительных отпусков, сформулированы предложения, направленные на совершенствование нормативно-правового обеспечения порядка предоставления рассматриваемого вида времени отдыха.
Проблемные аспекты правового регулирования и взимания акциз в современной России и пути их решения
Authors: Захарова Д.А.
Published: March 2024

В представленном исследовании проводится анализ особенностей акцизного налогообложения в Российской Федерации. Автором выделен ряд проблем, которые требуют своего решения, а также основные направления разрешения этих проблем. Все полученные вывод изложены в заключении к представленной статье.
Регулирование отношений между владельцами жилых помещений и оккупантами в жилищном праве: отличия между Россией и Испанией, актуальность темы и пути улучшения системы
Authors: Иволгина О.В.
Published: March 2024

Данная научная статья посвящена анализу и сравнительному изучению регулирования отношений между владельцами жилых помещений и оккупантами в жилищном праве России иИспании. Актуальность выбранной темы обусловлена постоянной актуальностью проблем с оккупантами в обоих странах и необходимостью поиска эффективных путей улучшения системы регулирования жилищных отношений. В статье проводится сравнительный анализ законодательства, судебной практики и механизмов защиты прав собственников жилых помещений в России и Испании. Также рассматриваются проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются владельцы жилья и оккупанты, и предлагаются пути улучшения системы регулирования отношений между ними.
Literary genre in the mind of the reader: Empirical approach
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tarasova Irina A.
Published: March 2024

From a cognitive point of view, literary genres do not exist regardless of their perception; they should be embodied in the reader’s mind. The purpose of cognitive genre study is to consider genre as a form of mental representation. According to our hypothesis, this representation combines figurative and propositional ways of encoding information. There is no doubt that the reconstruction of the mental representation of the genre in the mind of the reader requires an experimental study. This article publishes the results of a pilot experiment conducted among university students of pedagogical specialties of the Faculty of Psychological, Pedagogical and Special Education of Saratov University and school students of Saratov. The experimental data show that the representation of the genre in the mind of the reader can be based on the cluster model which suggests that the readers define a number of features by which they identify the genre. The prototype model of the genre is no less relevant: belonging of a particular work to a particular genre is determined in the mind of the reader by its similarity with the best genre model – a standard (or a prototype). The number of such standards is not very large. As a rule, this status is acquired by works that are included in the school literary canon. In the reader’s mind, genre classes are not formations with clear boundaries; rather, they are more likely to be built on the principle of “family resemblance”. The cognitive model of a genre in the mind of the reader has certain features of a field. Conducting cognitive genre research, i.e. identifying ways of representing the genre in the mind of a reader requires the development of a special questionnaire that takes into account the level of the ordinary (naive) reader who is not a philologist.
COMMUNICATIVE TACTIC OF GRATITUDE IN SMALL TALK (BASED ON THE SAMPLES FROM ENGLISH FICTIONAL DISCOURSE)
Authors: Bazarova I. V.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the research of communicative tactic of gratitude in small talk. The material of the research is the artistic English-language discourse, from which the episodes have been singled out in which the participants small talk use the tactic of gratitude. The linguistic analysis of the selected data has been based on descriptive method, functional method, and contextual-interpretive method. The article discusses the linguistic definitions of communicative strategy and communicative tactic. The article offers the classification of communicative strategies and tactics used by participants of small talk. Gratitude, along with the tactic of approving the encounter, asking about the interlocutor’s affairs, asking about the interlocutor’s opinion, agreeing with the interlocutor’s opinion, complimenting, sympathizing with the interlocutor, and congratulating belong to the strategy of showing interest in the interlocutor. In the Theory of Speech Acts, gratitude is viewed as behabitive, convivial, expressive, assertive or regulative — depending on which illocutionary aim a scientist recognizes as a major one in the given speech act. Using the communicative tactic of gratitude, the speaker demonstrates his good attitude towards the interlocutor, evokes pleasant feelings, creates a friendly atmosphere of small talk. The contextual-interpretive analysis of the actual data shows that the participants of small talk express gratitude for an invitation, for the information provided, for the compliments received, for approval of their actions, for the care and attention shown to them, for the support. In small talk, gratitude mainly functions as a means of etiquette that does not have emotional or evaluative nature. Gratitude is mostly realized by the verb thank, the adjectives grateful and thankful, and less often, especially to express sincere gratitude, indirect means are used, in particular, the evaluative adjectives nice, sweet and kind. Sincere gratitude is not so common in small talk, but it is quite possible. The sincerity of the speaker is expressed by intensifying adverbs.
PITCH AND TEMPORAL PECULIARITIES OF TEENAGERS’ SPEECH IN BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH
Authors: Hryhorash V. S. , Troukhanova N. L.
Published: March 2024

The present study intends to investigate the prosodic features of British and American Teenagers’ Speech. The concept of age, being universal, is the basis of social existence and has cultural specificity. Age determines a person’s place in society and workplace, and reaching certain age leads to new obligations, rights and social roles. Thus, a person’s age characteristics reflect the movement along an individual life trajectory and compliance with social norms. The speech of young people is an interesting linguistic phenomenon and has certain intonation features, special accentuation. Among the prosodic features of the speech of young people, the strengthening of the affricate, vowel stretching, ascending or descending of intonation in certain parts of the syntagm are noted. Studies of young people’s speech show that deviations from normative variants of intonation patterns are becoming a fairly common phenomenon. The work uses a complex methodology of analysis and processing of language material, which includes the method of building intonation curves, instrumental phonetic analysis, and statistical method of data processing. Audio recordings of spontaneous speech of 24 teenagers, of which 12 British and 12 American boys and girls aged 14 to 17, have served as the research material. The total duration of the audio recordings is 33 minutes. Common and distinctive pitch and temporal characteristics that mark the speech of two groups of teenagers have been established. The speech of British teenagers is marked by: a wider pitch range, a slower tempo of speech, i.e. a lower speech rate and articulation rate, greater pause saturation and average duration of pauses, the predominance of short pauses and pauses of medium duration. The speech of American teenagers is determined by: a narrower pitch range, a faster tempo of speech, i.e. a higher speech rate and articulation rate, less pause saturation, the prevalence short pauses compared to the speech of British teenagers.
Decision no. 11591/2022/ 07.11.2022/Court, Iasi/Misdemeanour Complaint
Authors: Anitei Nadia Cerasela
Published: March 2024

Complainant X formulates a contravention complaint at the Suceava Court against the Official Report of Violations, Series ..., no... of 19.01.2022 and the Official Report of Violations Series ...., no .... of 19.01.2022, concluded at the headquarters of the Public Health Department of Iași County-Public Health Control Service and communicated on the date of . ... concluded by the health inspector of the DSP Iasi, whereby I was fined 3000 lei for "failure by the person entering the territory of Romania to complete the Digital Entry Form for Romania-SII-FDIR within 24 hours of entry into the country, according to art.2 paragraph (4) of GEO NR.129/2021, recorded in the report of the observation of sanitary and hygienic conditions no.106603 dated 19.01.2022, made on 10.01.2022, 12:55 PM... Within a maximum of 15 days from the date of delivery or communication of the official report of the finding and sanctioning of contraventions, he will be able to pay half of the minimum fine provided by the normative act, namely 1000 lei".  

Against these minutes, in accordance with the provisions of art. 31 para. 1 of OG. no. 2/2001, approved with amendments and completions by Law no. 180/2002, and art.118 para.1 of OUG 195-2002, the contravention complaint was formulated. In the course of the trial, the petitioner X took note of the respondent's position and asked the court to find: 1. "the contravention of the contravention of the offence held against the complainant by the report of the contravention" as a result of the fact that the legal conditions for admitting the complaint are not met, the consequence being the annulment of the report of the contravention as stated by the respondent; 2. The restitution of the amount of 1000 lei paid as a fine that was applied and which was paid to the "Local Taxes and Duties Directorate, Iasi" by "Receipt for the collection of local budget debts", in the amount of 1000 lei (Exhibit 4) representing "half of the minimum fine provided for by the normative act, namely 1000 lei" established by the Official Report of the contravention.
Use of quantitative indicators of structural forms for geological and statistical modelling of complex structures
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Mychailiv Iryna , Boiko Anna ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Artym Inna ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas
Published: March 2024

Computer processing of geological data is widely used to process geological information. Therefore, an assessment of the structures as potential reservoir traps for oil and gas was carried out on the basis of quantitative parameter analysis. This approach made it possible to reasonably confirm certain regularities. To identify these regularities in the relationships between the numerical parameters of complex structures, computer geological and statistical modeling of the studied objects of the Boryslav-Pokuttya zone was carried out using correlation and cluster analysis. In general, correlation analysis allows analyzing the set of determined values and is aimed at identifying and studying the systems that form some values included in this set. Classification of any objects by meaningful groups is carried out by the method of cluster analysis. To model the processes that formed local structures and to determine the patterns of their spread, a large volume of quantitative indicators was processed. On the basis of quantitative indicators, it was possible to evaluate the results of studies of the tectonic stresses and deformations distribution, which will contribute to more reliable determination of reservoir potential for oil and gas. In turn, this will significantly increase the geological effectiveness of oil and gas exploration in the Boryslav-Pokuttya area. The contemporary form of structures and their spatial arrangement result from the long-termimpact of tectonic forces over geological time. Different manifestations of tectonic activity in successive geological epochs leads to specific changes in the structural plan of geological formations, influencing the potential oil and gas content within them (formation, unforming, and re-forming of traps and, accordingly, hydrocarbon reservoirs). The structures of the Boryslav-Pokuttya zone have undergone a complex and lengthy formation process: from the formation of flysch folds to very complex structural forms. This complexity is contributed to the influence of the magnitude and nature of the tectonic forces. The morphological diversity of the structures, can be described by numerical parameters, which can be used as a basis for classifying these structures in the Boryslav-Pokuttya zone.
Investigations of the impact of the magnetic field on the process of formation of scaling in thermal devices
Authors:   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ismailov Oybek , Khurmamatov Abdugaffor ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ismoilov Mirzaakbar ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Auesbaev Alisher ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Utegenov Usnatdin ,   Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh
Published: March 2024

Water is used as working fluids in hydro and thermal power engineering, as well as in heat supply and cooling systems. In the process of heating water in water-heating boilers, scale forms due to the precipitation of crystals of mineral additives and mineral salts. Over time, the accumulation of scale with low thermal conductivity leads to a decrease in the internal diameter of the pipes. Consequently, the flow of liquid is hindered, the hydraulic resistance increases and the thermal conductivity of the device decreases. The scale layer is usually removed by acid washing of the internal heat exchange surfaces or mechanical washing. However, both methods involve the use of a substantial amount of chemicals and result in highly polluted wastewater. In addition, it significantly increases operating costs. The article uses statistical methods for processing experimental data, and generally accepted methods for conducting experiments to study the patterns of scale formation using control and measuring instruments and accurate methods for measuring technological parameters. The main purpose of the paper is to study the influence of a constant magnetic field on the formation of mineral salts deposits on the surface of walls of thermal appliances used in chemical, oil refining, and food processing industry. The influence of a constant magnetic field on the formation of scale on the surface of the walls of the heating element in a water heater has been established. According to the results of an experiment aimed at preventing the accumulation of mineral salt deposits on the surface of the heating element in a water heating boiler under the influence of a magnetic field, the amount of mineral salt precipitate deposited on such surface can be reduced up to 5.2 times. Consequently, the prevention of mineral scale formation is achieved, eliminating the need to use expensive chemicals. The stable operation of the devices contributes to enhanced thermal efficiency. Under the influence of a magnetic field, scale formation decreases on average by a factor of 5, as long as the water temperature does not exceed 70°C. However, if the temperature rises above 90°C, the scale formation rate gradually increases.
Reproductive relationships between taxa morphologically close to Elymus caninus (Poaceae: Triticeae)
Authors: Shabanova E. V. , Agafonov A. V. , Dorogina O. V.
Published: March 2024

A hybridological study of biotypes of species close to Elymus caninus: E. prokudinii, E. viridiglumis, E. goloskokovii, as well as a number of morphologically deviant biotypes in Russia and Kazakhstan, was carried out. The objectives were to study the levels of reproductive relationships and the degree of integration of the species E. goloskokovii, E. prokudinii, and E. viridiglumis into the E. caninus complex. Our estimates of the seed fertility of natural parental biotypes were within 60–90 %. Among the combinations of crossing in F1, the highest seed setting was found in the hybrids formed by parental pairs from close habitats, regardless of the taxonomic rank of biotypes. The highest fertility values (55.6 and 46.1 %) were found in combinations involving E. caninus, E. viridiglumis and E. goloskokovii. It has been concluded that the biotypes of these species included in sexual hybridization form a single recombination gene pool, within which slight differences in reproductive compatibility are observed. The nature of the inheritance of the diagnostic features of lemmas“presence of trichomes” and“length of awns”, according to the digenic and monogenic type, respectively, is shown. The high seed fertility of the created hybrids and the presence of intermediate forms in the F2 generation according to distinctive features indicate the possibility of interspecific introgression when species grow together in natural populations. Thus, the assessment of the inheritance of diagnostic characters makes it possible to classify E. goloskokovii, E. prokudinii, and E. viridiglumis as intraspecific taxa of E. caninus s. l. Data were obtained on the morphological and reproductive properties of interspecific hybrids with the participation of the species E. mutabilis as a possible donor in the speciation of taxa close to E. caninus. In cross combinations of E. caninus × E. mutabilis and E. mutabilis × E. caninus, lower values of seed fertility of hybrids in the F1 and F2 generations were noted compared to hybrids between the species E. caninus, E. goloskokovii, E. prokudinii and E. viridiglumis. Nevertheless, on the basis of chorological and morphological criteria, we concluded that E. caninus and E. mutabilis are independent species.
Znaczenie funkcji kontrolno-zarządczej miast w skali międzynarodowej
Authors: Raźniak Piotr
Published: March 2024

W literaturze przedmiotu jest wiele opracowań na temat dużych miast pod kątem ich funkcji o charakterze międzynarodowym, takich jak: funkcje kontrolno-zarządcze (command and control), funkcje światowe (world city) oraz funkcje globalne (global city). Nie ma jednak kompleksowych badań miast, które pokazałyby pełniejszy obraz ich oddziaływania na arenie międzynarodowej i znaczenia funkcji kontrolno-zarządczej wobec miast globalnych (global city) i światowych (world city), dlatego podjęto próbę uzupełnienia tej luki badawczej. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie zależności pomiędzy funkcjami kontrolno-zarządczą, światową i globalną miast. Na podstawie udziału tych funkcji w miastach wyróżniono cztery ich typy. Podział uwzględnia dominację jednej z funkcji lub zrównoważenie wszystkich. Zaproponowano również nowe podejście do badań nad funkcją kontrolno-zarządczą nie tylko w skali świata, kontynentu, kraju, ale także w mniejszych jednostkach administracyjnych, takich jak: województwo, powiat czy gmina.
Competencias en Manejo de Información (CMI), en la Formación de los Contadores Públicos
Authors: Calderón Carmona Gloria Patricia , Gómez Suárez Aída Mercedes
Published: March 2024

OBJETIVO: Abordar el estudio de las competencias en manejo de información (CMI), requeridas para el Contador Público, rebasando la idea de formarse en el manejo de herramientas o como usuario de ellas y pasando a aquellas competencias que se espera que un estudiante obtenga durante su formación y posterior a ella.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Fue de investigación cualitativa y el tipo de estudio fue investigación-acción. Por estar relacionado con la práctica educativa, favoreció orientar el trabajo hacia la observación, descripción y entendimiento de las experiencias y necesidades de los participantes.
RESULTADOS: Esta investigación identificó las actuales CMI de los estudiantes de contaduría pública Tadeistas. Con base en los hallazgos y conclusiones, se formuló e implementó una propuesta para su desarrollo y consolidación apoyada en TIC, enmarcada en el acceso, organización, uso y evaluación de la información, y abordando competencias técnicas y funcionales, gerenciales, personales, interpersonales y de comunicación.
CONCLUSIONES: En el marco de la contabilidad como sistema de información y comunicación, es indispensable el desarrollo y consolidación de estas competencias con el fin de aumentar la pertinencia de la información que prepara y su utilidad para los interesados y sus procesos de toma de decisiones.
Influencia de la Formación Universitaria del Contador Público en la Eficiencia de la Administración de Recursos Públicos
Authors: Castro De la Cruz Josseline Aidee , Vázquez Ramos Candelaria
Published: March 2024

OBJETIVO: Evaluar si los futuros Contadores Públicos cuentan con conocimientos fundamentales sobre la relevancia de la auditoría gubernamental en la administración de los recursos públicos, de igual manera, se pretende resaltar la importancia de este proceso en la administración eficiente y transparente, y su potencial para contribuir a la lucha contra la corrupción en el ámbito gubernamental.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se implementó un enfoque cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo, mediante técnicas documentales y de campo puesto que se aplicaron encuestas a una población muestra de 100 alumnos de la Licenciatura en Contaduría Pública perteneciente a una universidad pública mexicana.
RESULTADOS: De lo investigado, destaca que el 72% de los encuestados si saben que es la fiscalización, el 88% sabe reconocer la definición básica, el 62% la considera muy importante, y el 73% estima que es indispensable para mitigar la corrupción.
CONCLUSIONES: La auditoría gubernamental a través de la fiscalización, marca la pauta en la administración de recursos públicos, para demostrar que se debe realizar de manera diligente, poniendo en claro que cualquier acto de fraude y corrupción relacionado puede ser detectado y sancionado.
El Arbitraje Tributario como Mecanismo de Solución de Conflictos en México
Authors: Reyes Santiago José Raúl
Published: March 2024

OBJETIVO: Determinar si existe impedimento jurídico para aplicar el arbitraje tributario como método alternativo de solución de controversias en México.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se utilizó el método cualitativo, de tipo documental y descriptivo. Se realizó una revisión de fuentes secundarias y del marco jurídico para contestar la pregunta de investigación a partir de un análisis deductivo.
RESULTADOS: No existe impedimento constitucional para aplicar el arbitraje tributario en México, como método complementario y auxiliar, más no sustituto de la vía jurisdiccional.
CONCLUSIONES: Es pertinente el uso del arbitraje tributario en México, para ofrecer a los contribuyentes un método de resolución de controversias más rápido y ágil, evitar la pérdida de tiempo, desgastes económicos innecesarios y garantizar el acceso pleno a la justicia.
Análisis del Crecimiento del Tráfico, Funcionamiento y Tecnología en las Plataformas E-Commerce en México.
Authors: Monreal Pitones Luis Eduardo
Published: March 2024

OBJETIVO: Comparar el crecimiento del tráfico, tecnología e interacción en las tiendas en línea en México en períodos posteriores al año 2020, así como la influencia de los Sistemas de Gestión de Contenidos (CMS) en el posicionamiento orgánico de las tiendas en línea creadas con estas plataformas.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se utilizó un enfoque mixto, combinando métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos. La parte cuantitativa mide métricas como el tráfico, velocidad e interacción en las plataformas de comercio electrónico en México. La parte cualitativa, se centra en investigar la tecnología utilizada en dichas plataformas.
RESULTADOS: Los CMS más utilizados en México son Wix, WooCommerce, Shopify, Prestashop, Mercadoshops y Magento. La duración promedio en el sitio varía según la plataforma, y la tasa de rebote también difiere entre los CMS. Se observa variabilidad en la calificación de la optimización para dispositivos móviles y sitios de escritorio en cada plataforma CMS.
CONCLUSIONES: El tráfico orgánico y la interacción en las tiendas en línea están influenciados por el CMS utilizado. La duración de visita, el número de páginas visitadas y la tasa de rebote, son indicadores importantes para evaluar el éxito de cada tienda.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Comercio electrónico, Tiendas en línea, SEO, CMS, Marketing digital.
Antropologia e arte
Authors: Vargas Júlia , Vilhas Jinx , Pino Ramón Del
Published: March 2024

É com muita alegria que apresentamos o décimo terceiro volume da Proa: Revista de Antropologia e Arte. Ao longo do ano de 2023, seguindo o processo de publicação contínua, recebemos e publicamos textos sobre diversos temas, em formato de ensaios, artigos, tradução e entrevista, além do dossiê Musicar, Audiovisual e Multimodalidade. Por isso, é com muita satisfação que encerramos mais um ciclo em que a Proa renova seu compromisso de valorizar o diálogo profícuo entre as artes e as ciências sociais, publicando materiais de elevada excelência e importância científica.
Archaeogenomics of humans from the layer of the Upper Volga Culture revealed their greatest genetic similarity with Eastern European hunter-gatherers and ancient representatives of Mesolithic/Neolithic Europe
Authors: Andreeva T.V. , Zhilin M.G. , Malyarchuk A.B. , Engovatova A.V. , Soshkina A.D. , Dobrovolskaya M.V. , Buzhilova A.P. , Rogaev E.I.
Published: March 2024

The genetic structure of the population of Northern Europe of the Mesolithic-Neolithic period currently remains poorly in-vestigated due to the small number of materials available for research. For the first time, the complete genome of an individual from the multilayer Meso-Neolithic site Ivanovskoe VII, located in the Upper Volga region in Yaroslavl Oblast, was studied. Ac-cording to stratigraphic data, an isolated skull of an adult male without a lower jaw was found in layer II containing ceramics of the Upper Volga Early Neolithic Culture. AMS date obtained from the scull bone. The calibrated age of the collagen sample was determined with a probability of 1σ (68 %) in the interval 6588–6498 cal.y.b. (UGAMS-67431 OxCal v4.4), wich corresponds to the Late Mesolithic. The dates of the peat containing layer II of the culture lie between 6000 and 7000 radiocarbon years ago. The main aim of the study is to elucidate the position of this individual in the context of the genomic landscape of Mesolithic and Neolithic Europe. It is shown that the genetic profile of the studied individual (DM5) fully coincides with the genetic diversity profile of the Eastern Hunter-Gatherers (EHG). Haplogroups of mitochondrial DNA (U5a2+16294) and Y-chromosome (R1b1a1) testify to its genetic connection with ancient Mesolithic populations of Europe. The DM5 sample has an additional substitution at position 54 of mtDNA in common with the most ancient samples of this mitochondrial haplogroup from the territory of Western Europe (England and France), which suggests the existence of a probable ancestor belonging to an even earlier period (Late Paleolithic), possibly on the territory of Western Europe. Specimen DM5 is clustered together with several ancient territorially and chronologically separated groups. First, with representatives of Mesolithic hunter-gatherers of northern Eastern Europe (South Oleniy Island, Karelia; Minino I and II, Vologda region; Peschanitsa, and Popovo, Arkhangelsk region). Second, DM5 is similar to Early Mesolithic materials from the Middle Volga region — the oldest representative of Mesolithic hunter-gatherers from Sidelkino and an Eneolithic specimen from Lebyazhinka, Samara region. Third, in the cluster of individuals close to DM5 there are representatives of later groups — from the Early Neolithic Yazykovo I, Tver region, Middle Neolithic Karavaikha, Vo-logda region and Eneolithic layers of the Murzikhinsky II burial ground, which is located near the village of Alekseevskoye (Tatarstan) in the mouth of the Kama River. The data we obtained do not exclude that the Early Eneolithic Upper Volga Culture has local Mesolithic roots, which indicates the long-term preservation of the oldest gene pool of Europe in the central part of the Russian Plain.
Religious and mythological ideas of Karelians about smallpox, rubella, measles and chicken-pox diseases
Authors: Pashkova T.V.
Published: March 2024

about smallpox, rubella, measles and chickenpox diseases
Traditional medicine has always triggered genuine interest among researchers. It reflects not only medical practice, ra-tional and irrational, but also prognostics of diseases, beliefs, conspiracy traditions, ritual magic, etc. Mythology occupies a significant place in ethnomedicine as well, affecting not only the cause-effect relationship between the occurrence of an ailment and abolition of it, but also the designation of some diseases, the nomination of which is motivated by the mythological percep-tions of the people. Christianization of Karelians, which took place in the 13th century, had a major influence on the Karelian culture. Christian and pagan views became closely intertwined, making a dual impact on such cultural layer of the ethnic group as traditional medicine. The problematics of scientific research is determined by the lack of a complex analysis of the issue. The information about the ethnomedicine of the proper Karelians, Livvik Karelians and Ludikov Karelians was collected from pub-lished sources (Karelian speech samples, dialect dictionaries of the Karelian language, periodicals) and by the means of gather-ing materials from respondents living on the territory of the Republic of Karelia. The author addresses the religious and mytho-logical ideas of the Karelians on the example of such diseases as smallpox, rubella, and chickenpox. The identification of an entire complex of common ideas about these diseases — their personification, family relationships, methods of treatment and nomination of diseases — became the main result of the research. Karelians believed that smallpox, measles, rubella and chickenpox are related, they are sisters. The reason of their invasion was seen in not honoring them or insulting them with an action or word. When patients with these diseases appeared in the house, various forms of coaxing were used towards them, and a solemn reception was held, aiming at propitiation of these ailments. In the treatment of smallpox, rubella and measles, the main emphasis was placed on the use of red matter in healing rituals, as this color was believed to have protective function. Proba-bly, this method was based on the “like cures like” or “like repels like” principle, typical for Karelian folk medicine. Engaging the data on folk medicine of Vepsians and Russians showed the similarity of the religious and mythological ideas of these peoples with Kare-lians, which is explained by their long-term contact and interinfluence of cultures while living on the same territory.
Teaching Islam Through Cultural Symbol: Educational Values of Rimpu in Bima West Nusa Tenggara
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negri Mataram, Indonesia, Arwitasari Arwitasari , Marzuki Halimatuzzahro ,   Universitas Islam Negri Mataram, Indonesia, Hayati Wirna ,   International Islamic University of Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: March 2024

Covering aurat is one of Islamic teachings in which its implementation can vary according to the local cultural context. In Bima, West Nusa Tenggara, Rimpu stands as the symbols for women in adhering to Islamic law by covering their aurat properly. This present research is a qualitative study with an ethnographic approach to understand the cultural meaning of Rimpu. The findings of this study implies: (1) the educational values in Rimpu are cultural values containing moral, decency, aesthetics, and religious values as the identity and cultural symbol of the Bima community, especially for Bima women who preserve Rimpu culture as a symbol of Islamic law. By using Rimpu, Bima women adhere to the teachings of the Quran to cover their aurat properly, (2) Rimpu culture is a symbol of women's morality in performing good or bad deeds. For this reason, Rimpu culture symbolizes good morality for women. As in Islamic teachings regarding aurat, Rimpu teaches the limits of aurat, protects women when they leave their homes, preserves the honour of women from the direct gaze of non-mahram men, and control direct interaction and communication with men.
Inferencing Space Travel Pricing from Mathematics of General Relativity Theory, Accounting Equations, and Economic Functions
Authors: Peng Kang-Lin , Xue Xunyue , Yu Liqiong , Ren Yixin
Published: March 2024

This study derives space travel pricing by Walrasian Equilibrium, which is logical reasoning from the general relativity theory (GRT), the accounting equation, and economic supply and demand functions. The Cobb-Douglas functions embed the endogenous space factor as new capital to form the space travel firm's production function, which is also transformed into the consumer's utility function. Thus, the market equilibrium occurs at the equivalence of supply and demand functions, like the GRT presents the equivalence between the spatial geometric tensor and the energy-momentum tensor, which explains the principles of gravity and the motion of space matter in the spacetime framework. The mathematical axiomatic set theory of the accounting equation explains the equity premium effect that causes a short-term accounting equation inequality, then reaches the equivalence by suppliers' incremental equity through the closing accounts process of the accounting cycle. On the demand side, the consumption of space travel can be assumed as a value at risk (VaR) investment to attain the specific spacetime curvature in an expected orbit. Spacetime market equilibrium is then achieved to construct the space travel pricing model. The methodology of econophysics and analogy method was applied to infer the space travel pricing by the model of profit maximization, single-minded, and envy-free pricing in unit-demand markets. A case study with simulation was conducted for empirical verification of the math models and algorithm. Results show that space travel pricing remains the principle of market equilibrium but needs to be extended to the spacetime tensor of GRT.
Water-Bearing Complexes and Fault Breccia Aquifers of the Sanaga Valley Fault System: New Insight from Outcrops, Wells, and Geophysics Data
Authors: Lionel MBIDA YEM , Alessandra RIBODETTI , Joseph Quentin Yene YÉNÉ ATANGANA , Thomas LEBOURG , Désiré NDJIGUI , Mohamed Moustapha NDAM NJIKAM
Published: March 2024

The Sanaga River Valley is a deep-seated structure of about 220 km in width, bounded on its northern and southern sides by 025-0550 fault zones. Its internal structure has been very little described before this study. It is characterized by the presence of surface features where a thick stratum of shale and argillaceous sandstones have been documented. The use of electrical resistivity tomography for near-surface imaging and hydrogeological prospecting within shale succession is widespread. However, several methods of spatial modeling of resistivity contours are generally proposed for the interpretation of inverse resistivity model sections. To determine the most appropriate method for interpreting resistivity tomographies in the context of subsoil marked by significant heterogeneity, logarithmic contour intervals, and linear contour interval processing were implemented on data collected over five areas. The data consists of outcrops data, cuttings samples from groundwater boreholes, and resistivity sections ranging in length from 240 to 1000 m. Well-control of the inverse resistivity model sections derived from both processes shows that the linear contour intervals modeling gives a more realistic picture of the reservoir size of the wa-ter-bearing sand in both shale and argillaceous sandstone succession. The sedimentary architecture over Sanaga fault breccia is marked by vertical intrusion anomalies up to 80 m high. The shape of these anomalies, as well as the very low resistivity values that characterize them, suggests that they could be related to mud intrusion.
Non-Linear Coordinate Transformations at Homogeneous Electron Gases
Authors: Stephenson Matthew James
Published: March 2024

We explores the hydrodynamical limit of a homogeneous electron gas, considering the interplay between the infrared limit and phenomenological hydrodynamics. Our study involves interactions generated by non-linear coordinate transformations. The focus begins with an analysis of non-linear coordinate transformations and their impact on normal modes in a harmonic system. The Lagrangian for a harmonic oscillator is used as an illustrative example, highlighting the role of position-dependent effective mass in preventing certain coordinate values. Moving beyond single degrees of freedom, we extend the discussion to a system with several harmonic degrees of freedom, introducing a collective variable. The effective dynamics of this collective variable are defined through a Lagrange multiplier term, emphasizing linearity in the description. Our study extends to the Current Two-Point function (CTP) formalism, introducing matrices and their inverses, such as $\hD$ and $\hD^{-1}$. Further, we delve into the dynamics of current in a homogeneous electron gas at finite density and zero temperature. Green's functions are generated using a functional integral approach, and the effective action is constructed via functional Legendre transformation. The quadratic part of the generator functional is expanded to derive the effective action, leading to the Maxwell equation and the subsequent elimination of the photon field. The resulting effective action for current dynamics is expressed in terms of the Current Two-Point function, paving the way for further exploration of the hydrodynamical aspects of the electron gas. Our study combines theoretical developments and mathematical formalism to provide insights into the hydrodynamical behavior of homogeneous electron gases.
Functionality and Usability of mHealth Apps in Patients with Peritoneal Dialysis: A Scoping Review
Authors: Chao Shu-Mei , Pan Chao-Kuei , Wang Ming-Ling , Fang Yu-Wen , Chen Shu-Fen
Published: March 2024

Keywords: mHealth; peritoneal dialysis; functionality; usability
Causal Meta-Reinforcement Learning for Multimodal Remote Sensing Data Classification
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Xuesong , Wang Haoyu , Cheng Yuhu
Published: March 2024

Multimodal remote sensing data classification can enhance the model’s ability to distinguish land features through multimodal data fusion. In this context, how to help models understand the relationship between multimodal data and target tasks is the focus of researchers. Inspired by human feedback learning mechanisms, causal reasoning mechanisms, and knowledge induction mechanisms, this paper integrates causal learning, reinforcement learning, and meta learning into a unified remote sensing data classification framework and proposed the causal meta-reinforcement learning (CMRL). First, based on feedback learning mechanisms, we have overcome the limitations of traditional implicit optimization of fusion features and customized a reinforcement learning environment for multimodal remote sensing data classification tasks. Through feedback interactive learning between agents and the environment, we help them understand the complex relationships between multimodal data and labels, thereby achieving full mining of multimodal complementary information. Second, based on the causal inference mechanism we designed causal distribution prediction action, classification reward, and causal intervention reward, capturing pure causal factors in multimodal data and cutting off false statistical associations between non-causal factors and class labels. Finally, based on the knowledge induction mechanism, we designed a bi-layer optimization mechanism based on meta-learning. By constructing a meta training task and meta validation task simulation model in the generalization scenario of unseen data, we helped the model induce cross-task shared knowledge, thereby improving its generalization ability for unseen multimodal data. The experimental results on multiple sets of multimodal datasets show that the proposed method achieved state-of-the-art performance in multimodal remote sensing data classification tasks.