bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas linguísticas em contexto de migração e refúgio
Authors: Castellain Maria Clara , Balestro Ana Cristina , Pereira Telma
Published: December 2020

Mercados globais e amplos eventos sociopolíticos resultam em estruturas de poder e relações sociais cada vez mais interconectadas. Diante dessa perspectiva, o objetivo de nosso trabalho é apresentar uma análise interdisciplinar, unindo perspectivas do direito e da linguística, ao propor uma reflexão sociolinguística do papel da língua no processo de integração social de imigrantes, com base na nova legislação que ampara esses indivíduos. A partir de uma análise interdisciplinar, nosso trabalho propõe uma reflexão sociolinguística do papel da língua no processo de integração social (CASTELLOTI e DIDIER, 2001) desse indivíduo imigrante. Nossa análise tem como base uma pesquisa interpretativa. Por ser um tema atual e com constante mudanças e atualizações, muitos dados são extraídos de instituições governamentais e notícias, combinados com análise a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica. Buscamos demonstrar que o direito de se expressar em sua própria língua é um direito constitucionalmente garantido em nosso ordenamento, uma vez que o idioma está intrinsecamente ligado ao conceito de cultura. Sendo assim, defendemos que políticas linguísticas institucionais brasileiras que visam atender populações migrantes é uma ferramenta constitucional vital para garantir o exercício pleno de sua cidadania.
Physical and chemical characteristics of enzymatically modified Batu banana (Musa balbisiana Colla) and Kepok banana (Musa paradisiaca formatypica) flours
Authors: Afifah D.N. , Stephanie  , Aulia A. , Rahadiyanti A. , Kurniawati D.M. , Rustanti N. , Anjani G. , Arifan F. , Widyastiti N.S.
Published: December 2020

Batu (Musa balbisiana Colla) and Kepok (Musa paradisiaca formatypica) bananas are
two food commodities with high resistant starch content. The later has been suggested to
prevent colorectal cancer. Modifications of these, into flour via the addition of pullulanase
enzymes and autoclaving-cooling method are expected to improve the quality. The
physical characteristics, levels of resistant starch, amylose, amylopectin and in vitro
digestibility of enzymatically modified banana starches were determined. Therefore, a
descriptive study was performed with untreated Batu banana flour (TP), autoclavingcooling (AC), autoclaving-cooling + pullulanase enzyme (AC + E), and autoclavingcooling + pullulanase enzyme + autoclaving-cooling (AC + E + AC). The granular
morphology, water absorption, and swelling ability were evaluated as physical
characteristics. Amylose, amylopectin content, and starch digestibility were evaluated as
chemical characteristics. Based on SEM, the analysis of granular morphology showed
structural modification in both treatments, although Batu banana flour showed greater
water absorption and swelling ability, with and without AC + E + AC. However, both
samples demonstrated better outcomes, in terms of high levels of starch resistance, low
amylose, high amylopectin, and low in vitro digestibility after treatment with AC + E +
AC.
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ НАЛОГОВОГО КОНТРОЛЯ И ОЦЕНКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТИ
Authors: Алиев Гамид Хабибович , Шахбанкадиев Шахбанкади Шамилович
Published: December 2020

Цель. В статье рассмотрены основные мероприятия налогового контроля России, их структура и результативность. Метод. Анализ налоговых проверок, проводимых в стране и на региональном уровне, выявил основные проблемы, формирующие доходы бюджета России посредством налогового контроля. Результаты. В результате исследования проанализированы основные мероприятия налогового контроля как в стране, так и на региональном уровне. Проанализированы суммы доначислений при проведении контрольных мероприятий в динамике, которые, в свою очередь, позволили выявить основные проблемы. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут быть использованы при прогнозировании налоговых поступлений в сфере налогового контроля. Выводы. Увеличение сумм доначислений можно рассматривать с двух сторон, как с положительной, так и с отрицательной. Положительная сторона проявляется в улучшении качества налогового контроля, повышение профессионализма сотрудников налоговых органов и не в последнюю очередь увеличение сумм, поступающих в бюджет. Отрицательная проявляется в том случае, когда суммы доначислений производятся в больших объемах, это свидетельствует об уклонении от уплаты налогов налогоплательщиками, использование мошеннических схем и т.д.
ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННАЯ СТРУКТУРА КАК ОСНОВА ЭФФЕКТИВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЕМ
Authors: Корнева Екатерина Владимировна , Еремина Ирина Юрьевна , Чупрова Ирина Юрьевна
Published: December 2020

Цель работы. Целью работы является исследование подходов и параметров построения организационной структуры как основы эффективной системы управления. Метод или методология проведения работы. Исследование основывается на общенаучной методологии, которая предусматривает применение системного подхода к решению проблем. Основой данной работы являются труды отечественных ученых в области организационного проектирования. Результаты. В условиях экономического кризиса 2020 г., когда оптимальная система управления является задачей на пути к выживанию и повышению операционной эффективности компаний, вопросы типа и параметров организационной структуры становятся особенно актуальными. Значительное влияние на эффективность управления оказывают такие параметры, как количество уровней управления, нормы управляемости, степень централизации функций. На данные параметры влияют такие факторы, как численность персонала, объемы работ, территориальная удаленность объектов управления, уровень стандартизации и автоматизации, а также квалификация работников и управленческие навыки руководителей. В рамках исследования также рассмотрены концепции и методы совершенствования организационной структуры, в т. ч. модель Roland Berger, концепция McKinsey, модель корпоративного центра, программа аудита функций. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут применяться компаниями различных отраслей при формировании и совершенствовании организационной структуры. Выводы. Построение рациональной организационной структуры с параметрами, оптимальными для конкретной компании с учетом ее специфики, является основой эффективной системы управления.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE FAMILY FEATURES WITH CHILDREN, SUBJECTED TO VIOLENCE
Authors: N.V. Sheveleva
Published: December 2020

The socio-economic and political transformations currently taking place in Russia significantly affect the level of violence in society, primarily in relation to children. A child is subjected to violent actions not only in dysfunctional families, but in prosperous ones, where illegal actions are committed outside the home. The aim of the study is to identify the characteristics of families at risk in which children have experienced violence. The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis of the facts of violation of the rights and interests of minors by parents, family members, outsiders. The concept of a family with children who have experienced violence as a group of people living together, interconnected by a common life, moral and legal support, emotional and psychological ties, including a minor victim who suffered moral or physical harm, is proposed. The analysis of studies on the problems of accompanying families with children who have experienced violence, which are conducted in various scientific fields (pedagogy, psychology, sociology), is presented. On the basis of historical and pedagogical analysis, the authors identified and substantiated the characteristics of families with children who have experienced violence: the presence of a child who is a victim of violence; polyinstitutionality of forms of violence; disharmonization of parent-child relations; "Transformation" of a child - a victim into a potential offender, as a result of disharmonization of child-parent relations, increased conflict in the social environment, a high level of anxiety and aggressiveness of family members. The paper proposes technologies for working with families in which children have been subjected to violence, which are due to the degree of their disadvantage: psychological and pedagogical support in the form of primary diagnostics to identify the causes of disadvantage, the formation of a socially acceptable form of behavior, stable moral guidelines, interpersonal family relations; psychological and pedagogical resocialization as the integrity of psychological and pedagogical measures that contribute to the elimination of the consequences of desocialization of the individual, aimed at the formation, preservation and consolidation of positive impact in the process of rehabilitation / adaptation. In the conclusion, conclusions are presented about the characteristics of families with children who have experienced violence, technologies of working with them.
CHANGES IN PHYSIOMETRIC INDICATORS AND BODY COMPOSITION IN YOUNG MEN OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) IN PUBERTY
Authors: L.I. Arzhakova , T.A. Vasilieva , A.M. Chashkina , E.N. Nikolaeva
Published: December 2020

This study aims to study changes in the body's physiometric indicators of young Yakuts of early and late puberty, living in the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. 140 young men of Yakut nationality were examined using standardized research methods: dynamometry, spirometry, caliperometry, anthropometry and body composition assessment using bioelectrical impedance analysis with the ABC-01 Medass analyzer. It was found that in Yakut youths between the ages of 14 and 17 there is an increase in skeletal muscle and a decrease in fat mass, indicators of dynamometry, deadlift and lung capacity are increasing. Parallel bioelectrical impedance analysis showed that in young men, between the early and late puberty periods, the levels of fat mass (FM) and an increase in lean (LM), musculoskeletal (MSM) and active cell mass (ACM) decrease. There is growth not only in skeletal muscles and skeleton growth, and the mass of internal organs is also increasing. The data obtained will be used to develop an interval classification of body composition parameters for males of different ages in order to develop standards of physical development specifically for people living in the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic.
THE EFFICIENCY OF RENDERING PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE TO PATIENTS WITH OBLITERATING DESEASES OF LOWER LIMB ARTERIES
Authors: N.V. Popenko , V.B. Chupina , L.S. Gavrilenko
Published: December 2020

Atherosclerosis, being a multifocal disease, has a pain syndrome as the main clinical manifestation. After reconstructive surgery, pain symptoms either decrease or are absent, it is logical to assume that the level of anxiety and depression will decrease to the limits of normal. However, a fairly high percentage of patients with clinical and subclinical manifestations of depression and anxiety were identified.
Consequently, pain is not a major factor in high rates of depression and anxiety. We assume that a serious illness that leads to disability and death puts a person in special living conditions. This situation affects the mental state of the patient. Even a technically competent operation does not always bring relief and recovery to the patient.
The aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of psychological support for patients with chronic obliterating diseases of the lower limb arteries after surgery (reconstructive surgery). It should be noted that we did not pursue a long – term goal – the patient's awareness of the disease in the context of life, but set a short-term goal according to this time period-improving the emotional state through the patient's internal psychological resources.
The study was aimed at implementing a program of psychological support for patients with chronic obliterating diseases of the lower limb arteries after surgery – reducing the level of depression and anxiety in patients in the postoperative period. The sample consisted of 15 patients on the 5th day after surgery.
After psychological support, the percentage of patients with clinical and subclinical manifestations of depression and anxiety decreased. This may indicate the effectiveness of the proposed assistance for violations in the emotional sphere.
FORMATION OF GRAMMATICAL COMPETENCE OF A BACHELOR STUDENT
Authors: A.V. Martynova
Published: December 2020

The Implementation of Federal educational standards of higher education today determine significant changes in the system of practice-oriented training of undergraduate students. There are updates in the structure of educational value orientations that have influenced, among other things, the choice of methods, methods and forms of work of a higher education teacher. The competence-based approach that underlies the standard contributes to the personal and professional development of students, increasing their level of social mobility, and competitiveness in professional activities. The paper makes theoretical generalizations of the issue of forming the grammatical competence of undergraduate students of the Nizhnevartovsk state University IN the course of training in the main educational program 44.03.01 "Teacher education", the training profile is Primary education. Using the example of the curriculum discipline "Theoretical foundations and technologies of primary language education", the author analyzes the methods and techniques of the teacher's work in order to form the grammatical competence of the future primary school teacher. The goal is to determine the following educational tasks: formation of students ' ideas about grammatical categories of the Russian literary language from the point of view of its etymology; development of the General and speech culture of the bachelor; formation of social and moral values of students in the system of education and training at the University. The ways to solve these problems are seen in the presented theory, which is the basis of the methods and techniques analyzed in the work, aimed at forming grammatical competence as one of the components of General professional and professional competencies of undergraduate students.
MOTIVATIVE ASPECTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOLERS WITH HIGH CREATIVE POTENTIAL
Authors: E.S. Belova
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of modern psychology - the problem of personality traits in the development of children with high creative potential. The main attention is paid to their motivational manifestations at the stage of preschool childhood. Motivation is seen as an important factor in the disclosure of children's abilities and gifts. The approach proposed by A.M. Matyushkin is used to understand and study giftedness as a prerequisite for the development of a creative personality. The article presents the results of an empirical study, which purpose was to highlight the features of the motivation of preschoolers with high creative potential. The study involved 265 preschoolers of 6-7 years old. The use of a complex of diagnostic techniques made it possible to identify a group of children (N = 52) with a high creative potential among them, and to analyze the specifics of their motivational manifestations in comparison with their peers. It was found that their desire to learn new things was more pronounced than that among their peers. Different variants of the ratio of motivational manifestations are highlighted. More than half of preschoolers, both among the gifted and among their peers, were characterized by a balance of motivational manifestations and their severity: they equally wanted to learn new things and play. At the same time, the willingness to be active and proactive in cognition was observed in less than a third of older preschool children, regardless of the level of their creative potential. The need to take into account the age characteristics of motivation and the individual variability of its manifestations at the stage of preschool childhood for the successful disclosure of children's talents and the harmonious development of a creative personality is emphasized.
Pengembangan Instrumen Evaluasi Kompetensi Pemodelan Matematis bagi Siswa Menengah Atas
Authors: Nugraha Adhi Surya
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun, merancang, dan mengujicobakan instrumen evaluasi kompetensi pemodelan matematis yang valid dan praktis bagi siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Prosedur pengembangan produk instrumen adalah penelitian berbasis Research & Development (R&D) menurut langkah-langkah pengembangan Borg and Gall.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah berhasil dirancang perangkat instrumen evaluasi kompetensi pemodelan matematis dengan tipe soal PISA dan berdasarkan 8 kompetensi pemodelan matematis sejumlah 24 butir soal pilihan ganda yang valid dan praktis. Instrumen valid secara konten, konstruk, dan bahasa ditunjukkan dari hasil validator yang menyatakan bahwa konten sesuai dengan kompetensi, konstruk sesuai  indikator, dan bahasa sesuai dengan kaidah penulisan yang baik. Instrumen praktis ditunjukan dari hasil validator yang menyatakan bahwa instrumen soal ringkas, jelas, dan mudah dipahami.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Guided Discovery Berbantu Funny Worksheet Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika
Authors: Yasinta Giza , Muhtarom Muhtarom , Sugiyanti Sugiyanti
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Guided Discovery Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kaliwungu. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu kelas VIII D eksperimen 1, kelas VIII E eksperimen 2, VIII F kelas kontrol dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji anava satu arah, uji scheffe’, dan regresi linier sederhana. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu (1) terdapat perbedaan rata-rata nilai hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan Funny Worksheet, Guided Discovery berbantuan Funny Worksheet dan model pembebelajaran konvensional. (2) hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan Funny Worksheet lebih baik daripada siswa yang mendapat perlakuan model pembelajaran konvesional. (3) hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Guided Discovery berbantuan Funny Worksheet lebih baik daripada siswa yang mendapat perlakuan model pembelajaran konvesional. (4) tidak terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan Funny Worksheet dengan model pembelajaran Guided Discovery berbantuan Funny Worksheet. (5) terdapat pengaruh positif antara keaktifan belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa yang mendapat perlakuan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan Funny Worksheet. (6) terdapat pengaruh positif antara keaktifan belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Guided Discovery berbantuan Funny Worksheet
Analisis Kesulitan Siswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Gaya Belajar Siswa
Authors: Permata Erlinda Intan , Sunandar Sunandar , Endahwuri Dhian
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya pemahaman terhadap materi-materi matematika dengan benar, sehingga membuat siswa kurang tertarik dalam pembelajaran matematika. Selain itu, banyak siswa dalam kemampuan memecahkan masalah matematika sangat rendah, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan pembelajaran yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika berdasarkan gaya belajar dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru dan siswa kelas X SMK Pelita Nusantara 2 Semarang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu: observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui 1) Kesulitan siswa dengan gaya belajar auditorial terdapat pada tahap memahami masalah; Kesulitan siswa dengan gaya belajar visual terdapat pada tahap memahami masalah dan menyelesaikan masalah sesuai rencana; dan kesulitan siswa dengan gaya belajar kinestetik terdapat pada tahap memahami masalah, menyelesaikan masalah sesuai rencana dan melakukan pengecekan kembali. 2) Faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika berdasarkan gaya belajar diantaranya: sikap siswa pada saat proses pembelajaran berbeda menurut gaya belajarnya; terganggunya alat-alat indra akan mempengaruhi konsentrasi siswa dalam menyerap materi pelajaran sehingga mengalami kesulitan dalam memecahkan masalah matematika; dan strategi belajar yang diterapkan guru harus sesuai dengan karakteristik masing-masing siswa. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah kesulitan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika berdasarkan gaya belajar adalah ketiga gaya belajar mengalami kesulitan pada tahap memahami masalah dan faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah sikap siswa, alat indra dan strategi belajar.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Reflektif dan Kognitif Impulsif
Authors: Oktaviani Ika Ayu , Ariyanto Lilik , Utami Rizky Esti
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika ditinjau dari gaya kognitif reflektif dan kognitif impulsif pada materi aljabar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 39 Semarang tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu tes, wawancara, dan dilengkapi dengan dokumentasi sehingga semua kegiatan dapat terekam dengan baik. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data dengan menggunakan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan gaya kognitif reflektif mampu memenuhi semua indikator berpikir kritis FRISCO (Focus, Reason, Inference, Situation, Clarity, Overview), sedangkan siswa dengan gaya kognitif impulsif hanya dapat memenuhi dua dari enam indikator yaitu Focus dan Reason
Efektivitas Model Probing Prompting dan Model LAPS-Heuristik Berbantu Adobe Flash CS3 Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMA
Authors: Alifianti Ingga , Sudargo Sudargo , Zuhri Muhammad Saifuddin
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keefektifan model pembelajaran Probing Prompting dan LAPS-Heuristik berbantu Adobe Flash CS3 terhadap hasil belajar siswa, terdapat perbedaan  hasil belajar siswa antara penerapan model Probing Prompting dan LAPS-Heuristik berbantu Adobe Flash CS3 dan pembelajaran Konvensional dengan metode ceramah. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI SMA Unggulan Pondok Modern Selamat Kendal Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021. Dengan menggunakan cluster random sampling diperoleh kelas XI MIPA C sebagai kelas eksperimen 1 atau model pembelajaran Probing Prompting berbantu Adobe Flash CS3, XI MIPA A sebagai kelas eksperimen 2 atau model pembelajaran LAPS-Heuristik berbantu Adobe Flash CS3 dan XI MIPA B sebagai kelas kontrol atau model konvensional dengan metode ceramah. Hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa ketiga kelas berdistribusi normal, homogen dan uji hipotesis 1 untuk anava diperoleh Fhitung= 25,1663 > Ftabel= 3,154 artinya terdapat perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar antara ketiga kelas. Pada uji hipotesis 2, diperoleh thitung>ttabel yaitu 6,1395>2,6295 maka H0 ditolak, berarti rata-rata hasil belajar kelas eksperimen 1 lebih efektif daripada kelas kontrol, Untuk uji hipotesis 3, diperoleh thitung>ttabel yaitu 5,2684>2,484 maka H0 ditolak, berarti rata-rata hasil belajar kelas eksperimen 2 lebih baik daripada kelas kontrol serta untuk uji hipotesis 4,diperoleh yaitu -2,022<1,0919<2 ,022 maka H0 diterima yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar antara eksperimen 1 dan eksperimen 2. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Probing Prompting dan LAPS-Heuristik berbantu Adobe Flash CS3 lebih efektif dari pada pembelajaran konvensional dengan metode ceramah.
Redistribution and Rekognition
Authors: West Sarah Myers
Published: December 2020

Computer scientists, and artificial intelligence researchers in particular, have a predisposition for adopting precise, fixed definitions to serve as classifiers (Agre, 1997; Broussard, 2018). But classification is an enactment of power; it orders human interaction in ways that produce advantage or suffering (Bowker & Star, 1999). In so doing, it obscures the messiness of human life, masking the work of the people involved in training machine learning systems, and hiding the uneven distribution of its impacts on communities (Taylor, 2018; Gray, 2019; Roberts, 2019). Feminist scholars, and particularly feminist scholars of color, have made powerful critiques of the ways in which artificial intelligence systems formalize, classify, and amplify historical forms of discrimination and act to reify and amplify existing forms of social inequality (Eubanks, 2017; Benjamin, 2019; Noble, 2018). In response, the machine learning community has begun to address claims of algorithmic bias under the rubric of fairness, accountability, and transparency. But in doing so, it has largely dealt with these issues in familiar terms, using statistical methods aimed at achieving parity and deploying fairness ‘toolkits’. Yet actually existing inequality is reflected and amplified in algorithmic systems in ways that exceed the capacity of statistical methods alone. This article outlines a feminist critique of extant methods of dealing with algorithmic discrimination. I outline the ways in which gender discrimination and erasure are built into the field of AI at a foundational level; the product of a community that largely represents a small, privileged, and male segment of the global population (Author, 2019). In so doing, I illustrate how a situated mode of inquiry enables us to more closely examine a feedback loop between discriminatory workplaces and discriminatory systems.
Medicalization and Naturalization
Authors: Siegel Derek P.
Published: December 2020

This article offers a naturecultural intervention to the abortion literature, which characterizes abortion as a standard procedure, from the perspective of both biomedical and social scientific research. In contrast, by examining interviews with feminists and pro-choice people about their recent abortions (n=27) and my own experiences as an abortion counselor, I find that no singular “abortion” exists; rather, there are many embodied abortions. I discuss how participants negotiate medical and natural ideologies, arguing that these ideologies produce the conditions under which people come to experience abortion in the United States. I also discuss the material consequences of defining abortion as a standard event. I find that universalizing abortion leads to the underrepresentation of marginalized stories, a lack of personalized support, and racialized and classed disparities in who can achieve their desired biosocial state (“normal” or “natural”).
Introduction: Computing in/from the South
Authors: Amrute Sareeta , Murillo Luis Felipe R.
Published: December 2020

In this introduction to the special section “Computing in/from the South,” we position the South as a method to change dominant frames about the past, present, and future of computing. We discuss three narratives frames—developmentalist, postcolonial, and decolonial—to trace a significant body of thinking on computing otherwise. We argue that each of these frames provides a different optic to emphasize the contributions of non-Western, feminist, and queer epistemologies to computing worlds. Rather than thinking of these co-constructions as replacing one another linearly, we argue that they each create a different kind of relation among computing’s spaces and places, its pasts and its futures. These relations, and the switches between them, comprise what we describe as computing in/from the South as both an empirical and a methodological framework. The introduction first centers developments in computing worlds that are taking place outside centers of power. Based on an analysis of these developments, we then move beyond the limited twinned frames of exploitation and resistance to unpack the relational, political, and affective undercurrents that run through data-driven worlds from perspectives in and through the South.
Coalition-Making and the Practice of Feminist STS in the time of COVID-19
Authors: Fitsch Hannah , Jordan-Young Rebecca , Kaiser Trujillo Anelis , Kraus Cynthia , Roy Deboleena , Schmitz Sigrid
Published: December 2020

In this lab meeting, six feminist scholars who engage with the sciences from various perspectives and have been collaborating over the last decade as members of the NeuroGenderings Network, share a sustained discussion on the responsibilities of a feminist scientist—particularly in light of our current moment. In a time when ongoing acts of anti-Black racism and police brutality have converged with a global pandemic and anti-science movements, we ask ourselves, how do we express solidarity and also hold ourselves accountable at the crossroads of science and social justice?
Explanatory Factors of the Capital Structure
Authors: Silva Marta , Gomes Luís Pereira , Lopes Isabel Cristina
Published: December 2020

This paper presents an empirical study of the capital structure of Portuguese companies where the main objective is to find key explanatory factors for indebtedness decisions. The relations between indebtedness and its determinants are tested in the light of the Trade-Off Theory and the Pecking-Order Theory. The motivation of this work was to contribute to the scientific research on the influential determinants of the capital structure and to deepen the knowledge of the Portuguese market. The quantitative methodology is used, through an econometric model for panel data using accounting information of 55 Portuguese companies between 2014 and 2016. Statistical tests such as the F test, the Lagrange Multiplier Breusch-Pagan test and the Hausman test were used to identify the most appropriate method of estimation, which resulted in a panel data model with random effects for individuals. The findings of this study suggest that indebtedness have a positive relation with tangibility and the size of the company, which supports the Trade-Off Theory. However, the positive relationship with the non-debt tax benefits suggests the importance of taxes, contrary to Trade-Off Theory. The negative relationship with cash flows, coupled with the positive relationships between size and growth opportunities, suggest the use of funding only when internal funds become insufficient, supporting the Pecking-Order Theory. The general results support that both theories partially explain the financing decisions of Portuguese companies. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2020-01249 Full Text: PDF
Unlocking Oil Resources without Artificial Lift Using Testing Barge in Tambora Gas Field
Authors: Anggoro J., A.
Published: December 2020

Tambora field is a mature gas field located in a swamp area of Mahakam delta without artificial lift. The main objective of this project is to unlock existing oil resources. Most oil wells could not flow because there is no artificial lift, moreover the network pressure is still at Medium Pressure (20 Barg). Given the significant stakes, the option to operate the testing barge continuously as lifting tool is reviewed. The idea is to set the separator pressure to 1-3 Barg, so that the wellhead flowing pressure could be reduced to more than 15 Barg which will create higher drawdown in front of the reservoir. The oil flows from the reservoir into the gauge tank, where it is then returned to the production line by transfer pumps. The trial was performed in well T-1 for a week in November 2017 and successfully produced continuous oil with a stable rate of 1000 bbls/d. What makes this project unique is the continuous operation for a long period of time. Therefore, it is important to ensure the capacity of the gauge tank and the transfer pump compatibility with the rate from the well, the system durability which required routine inspection and maintenance to ensure the testing barge unit is in prime condition and to maintain vigilance and responsiveness of personnel. This project started in 2018 for several wells and the cumulative production up to January 2020 has reached 158 k bbls and will be continued as there are still potential oil resources to be unlocked. Innovation does not need to be rocket science. Significant oil recovery can be achieved with a simple approach considering all safety operation, production and economic aspect.
Solar flare detection method using Rn-222 radioactive source
Authors: Jonathan Walg  , Anatoly Rodnianski  , Itzhak Orion
Published: December 2020

Solar neutrino detection is known to be a very challenging task, due to the minuscule absorption cross-section and mass of the neutrino. One research showed that relative large solar-flares affected the decay-rates of Mn-54 in December 2006. Since most the radiation emitted during a solar flare are blocked before reaching the earth surface, it should be assumed that such decay-rate changes could be due to neutrino flux increase from the sun, in which only neutrinos can penetrate the radionuclide. This study employs the Rn-222 radioactive source for the task of solar flare detection, based on the prediction that it will provide a stable gamma ray counting rate. In order to ascertain counting stability, three counting systems were constructed to track the count-rate changes. The Rn-222 count-rate measurements showed several radiation counting dips, indicating that the radioactive nuclide can be affected by order of magnitude neutrino flux change from the sun. We conclude that using the cooled Radon source obtained the clearest responses, and therefore this is the preferable system for detecting neutrino emissions from a controlled source.
Growth and yield response of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris (L.) to media mixture ratios of sand, acacia soil, and goat manure
Authors: Kudakwashe Hove  , Justina Johannes  , Gervasius Hatutale  , Simon Kamwele Awala  , Petrus Ausiku
Published: December 2020

Northern Namibian soils are predominantly sandy. A mixture of Acacia soils, sandy and goat manure is frequently used for growing various plants. However, the extent to which variations in proportions of these substrates affect growth and yield is not known. The study was conducted at the University of Namibia, Ogongo campus during the period April to August 2020 to determine optimum mixing ratios for sandy, Acacia erioloba soil and goat manure on the growth and yield of Swiss chard. Treatments were Sandy, Acacia soil and goat manure mixed in 5 different ratios of respectively; 1:2:1; 2:3:2; 1:1:1, 2:1:2, 1:1:2 and Acacia soil (control). Samples from each mixture used for pot filling were taken to the soil laboratory for textural analysis. A complete randomized experiment with 8 replications was laid under the University’s shade house. Measured parameters were plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry matter weight and chlorophyll content. Results showed that media was significantly different across all the measured parameters at 1 % probability level. The medium mixture 2:3:2 outperformed the rest of the mixtures in almost all the parameters. The results of the study indicated that acacia soil alone is not optimum for pot filling but must be supplemented with substrate that is rich in mineral content like goat manure. However, the mixing ratio is a key consideration for optimal vegetable production. We recommend the use of media mixture 2:3:2 to improve yield of Swiss chard.
Efficiency of solid waste management methods in Karu Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, North Central, Nigeria
Authors: Ademu Tanko Ogah  , Mohammed Alkali  , Obaje Daniel Opaluwa
Published: December 2020

The efficiency of solid waste management in Karu Local Government Area, Nasarawa State was studied through the administration of questionnaires to heads of household using systematic sampling methods. The study covered a wide range of socio-economic and demographic variables from the households, such that income of household heads, household size, educational status of household heads, methods and frequency/efficiency of waste collection; waste bins by households and disposals facilities used as well as the role played by government in waste management in the study area were investigated. The study area was divided into Masaka, Karu and Mararaba communities. The results were largely based on the data generated through the administration of questionnaires. 300 copies of questionnaires were administered to household heads in the three areas selected, where Masaka area had 75; Karu area had 108 while Mararaba area had 117. It was deduced that solid waste generated in all the areas remained for days or weeks without been evacuated and containers used for waste collection are not adequate, majority of household heads in the three areas use either plastic or metal buckets to collect and disposed their waste at the locations designated containers for such are placed and also that the socio-economic characteristics varied in all the three areas. Furthermore, at 5% level of significance, H-calculated (as against Ho, efficient waste management) for the three communities were 0.178<5.99<9.21, and are all higher than 0.05 with the implication that solid waste management is not efficient in all the areas. It is therefore, recommended that Nasarawa State should as a matter of priority release more funds to the body that is responsible for management of wastes through Nasarawa State Berau of waste management, a unit under Nasarawa Urban Development Board to cope with the increasing volumes of wastes in the study area. This will help to reduce the high rate of the likelihood of outbreak of epidemic.
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK KARBON RESIDU DAN KANDUNGAN SULFUR PRODUK MINYAK BIOSOLAR DENGAN PENDEKATAN SIX SIGMA
Authors: Pattiruhu Arthur , Tupan Johan M , Tutuhatunewa Alfredo
Published: December 2020

Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh PT Pertamina (Persero) Terminal BBM Wayame adalah biosolar yang diproduksi tidak memenuhi standar kualitas yang ditetapkan. Rata-rata defect untuk karakteristik karbon residu dan kandungan sulfur selama Januari-Juni 2019 adalah 1,11% dan 0,56%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh level kualitas karakteristik karbon residu dan kandungan sulfur produk biosolar.  Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel biosolar. Nilai level kualitas dilakukan dengan six sigma untuk mengetahui level kualitas biosolar yang dimulai dengan tahapan identifikasi critical to quality, measure, analyze dan improvement. Hasil penelitian ini memperoleh level kualitas dari karakteristik spesifikasi biosolar untuk residu carbon yaitu 3,57 % m/m dan kandungan sulfur yaitu 3,263. Perolehan level kualitas ini mennujukkan bahwa kualitas karakteristik spesifikasi biosolar belum memenuhi tujuan utama perusahaan yaitu memiliki level kualitas kelas dunia, namun perolehan ini menujukkan kualitas spesifikasi biosolar berada di atas rata-rata kualitas industri di Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : Kualitas, Biosolar, Six Sigma
EVALUASI KINERJA ANGKUTAN PENYEBERANGAN DALAM MENUNJANG DISTRIBUSI BARANG ANTAR PULAU SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PROVINSI MALUKU
Authors: Mandaku Hanok
Published: December 2020

Kinerja angkutan penyeberangan sebagai moda transportasi antar pulau di Provinsi Maluku terus mengalami peningkatan. Namun, kondisi Pandemi Covid-19 sejak Maret 2020 menyebabkan penurunan muatan (demand) karena kebijakan angkutan penyeberangan hanya untuk mengangkut kendaraan angkutan barang. Hal ini berdampak pada penurunan kinerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap kinerja operasional dan finansial angkutan penyeberangan sebagai moda distribusi angkutan barang antar pulau, dengan lokasi studi adalah lintasan Hunimua-Waipirit. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dengan pola operasional 2019, diestimasi pada kondisi normal LF = 0,93, BOR = 45,45%, ROI = 127,05% dan NPM = 55,96. Tetapi, pada kondisi Pandemi Covid-19, LF = 0,33, BOR = 45,45%, ROI = (39,21%) dan NPM = (64,51%). Hal ini berarti bahwa pada kondisi normal investasi mengalami keuntungan, tetapi pada kondisi Pandemi Covid-19 mengalami kerugian. Peninjauan kembali terhadap pola operasional menemukan kondisi menguntungkan terjadi saat frekwensi pelayaran dioptimalkan menjadi 10 trip/hari, mengoperasikan 3 unit kapal (KMP. Inelika, KMP. Terubuk dan KMP. Rokatenda). Waktu operasional diusulkan selama 10 jam (07.00 – 17.00 WIT). Temuan ini dapat menjadi referensi para pemangku kepentingan di sektor transportasi dalam rangka menentukan kebijakan pelayanan sistem transportasi penyeberangan antar pulau selama masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Maluku.
O uso de mandacaru na alimentação de bovinos no interior do Piauí
Authors: Silva Naiana Rosa da , Almeida Andreia Araújo de , Mimura Aparecida Maria Simões
Published: December 2020

O município de São Raimundo Nonato (PI), localizado no Semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro, tem sofrido ao longo dos anos com a seca e a escassez de água. Assim, os pequenos criadores de gado buscam alternativas a esse problema, como a utilização do mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru DC, Cactaceae) na alimentação de seus rebanhos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a importância do mandacaru na alimentação bovina no período de estiagem. Foram feitas entrevistas com 16 agricultores da zona rural de São Raimundo Nonato, nas comunidades Queimadinha, Veados, Garrincha e Nova Garrincha. Segundo a pesquisa realizada, 93,8% dos entrevistados afirmaram que utilizam o mandacaru na alimentação do gado, seja puro ou misturado com outras forrageiras. Posteriormente foi investigado o teor de água no mandacaru, cujo valor encontrado foi em torno de 90% (estação chuvosa) e de 70% (estação seca), o que contribui para a hidratação dos animais, já que os agricultores buscam nesse tipo de vegetação uma alternativa para amenizar as dificuldades enfrentadas. Com a realização deste trabalho foi possível compreender a cultura regional e as práticas rurais, aproximando assim o conhecimento científico às tradições da população local.
Deradikalisasi Paham Keagamaan Melalui Pendekatan Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Keluarga
Authors: Botma Abdullah
Published: December 2020

Maraknya gerakan-gerakan radikalisme dan terorisme yang mengancam keutuhan NKRI telah menjadi perhatian serius pemerintah, duniapendidikan dan juga lembaga-lembaga pemerhati semangat kebangsaan. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan dalam rangka menangkal dan menanggulangi gerakan tersebut salah satunya dengan menambah materi anti radikalisme pada kurikulum pembelajaran di sekolah-sekolah. Tulisan ini mengemukakan gagasan untuk menangkal gerakan dan laju radikalisme melalui pendidikan agama Islam yang diberikan oleh orang tua dalam keluarga. Hal ini dipandang akan sangat berpengaruh dikarenakan keluarga merupakan sekolah pertama tempat seorang anak ditempa dan dibentuk sehingga bisa meng-counter informasi dengan konsep dasar yang telah ditanamkan dalam pendidikan yang diperolehnya dalam keluarga. Melalui analisis kualitatif deskriptif, tulisan yang menggunakan metode library research ini dalam risetnya menemukan bahwa perlunya pendidikan agama Islam diajarkan dalam bentuk teori dan praktik dalam keluarga adalah salah satu gerakan deradikalisasi yang mesti mendapat perhatian dan disosialisasikan kepada masyarakat
PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL EMPAT VARIETAS TANAMAN KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata L.) PADA PEMBERIAN DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG AYAM DI TANAH ULTISOL
Authors: Candra Robi , Sumardi Sumardi , Hermansyah Hermansyah
Published: December 2020

[GROWTH AND YIELD OF FOUR VARIETIES OF MUNG BEAN (Vigna radiata L.) PLANT ON DOSING OF CHICKEN MANURE FERTILIZER IN ULTISOL]. Ultisols generally have less favorable physical, chemical, and biological properties. Chicken manure is believed to be able to improve soil structure, increase water holding capacity, increase soil pH, increase cation exchange capacity, increase soil biological activity, and facilitate root penetration. This study aims to determine the optimum dose of chicken manure in increasing the growth and yield of four mung bean varieties in Ultisol. This research was conducted using a split-plot design. The doses of chicken manure (0 tons/ha, 10 tons/ha, 20 tons/ha, and 30 tons/ha) were placed in the main plots and mung bean varieties (Vima-1, Vima-2, Kutilang, and Murai) as children. plots with experimental plot units measuring 1 m x 2 m. This study aims to obtain the optimum dose of chicken manure on four varieties of mung bean plants and to find the varieties that have the best growth and yield of green bean plants in Ultisol. The results showed that the highest weight of 100 seeds was obtained from the Kutilang variety which was given chicken manure of 21.34 tons/ha with a maximum weight of 100 seeds of 8.82 g. The highest yield of seed/plant weight was obtained from the application of chicken manure 19.61 tons/ha with a yield of 15.43 g. Kutilang variety is the best variety compared to other varieties, with yields of seed weight/plant of 12 g.
bayesvl: Visually Learning the Graphical Structure of Bayesian Networks and Performing MCMC with 'Stan'
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

Provides users with its associated functions for pedagogical purposes in visually learning Bayesian networks and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) computations. It enables users to: a) Create and examine the (starting) graphical structure of Bayesian networks; b) Create random Bayesian networks using a dataset with customized constraints; c) Generate 'Stan' code for structures of Bayesian networks for sampling the data and learning parameters; d) Plot the network graphs; e) Perform Markov chain Monte Carlo computations and produce graphs for posteriors checks. The package refers to one reference item, which describes the methods and algorithms: Vuong, Quan-Hoang and La, Viet-Phuong (2019) The 'bayesvl' R package. Open Science Framework (May 18).Version: 0.8.5Depends: R (≥ 3.4.0), rstan (≥ 2.10.0), StanHeaders (≥ 2.18.0), stats, graphics, methodsImports: coda, bnlearn, ggplot2, bayesplot, viridis, reshape2, dplyrSuggests: loo (≥ 2.0.0)Published: 2019-05-24Author: Viet-Phuong La [aut, cre], Quan-Hoang Vuong [aut]Maintainer: Viet-Phuong La BugReports: https://github.com/sshpa/bayesvl/issuesLicense: GPL (≥ 3)URL: https://github.com/sshpa/bayesvl
BMPR1B is differentially expressed in the tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2020

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified BMPR1B among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of BMPR1B messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of BMPR1B in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating increased expression of a receptor subunit for a bone morphogenetic protein that is important for development of the ventral retina and optic nerve (5) as a direct transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.