bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Theory of Acquired Needs from McClelland as a Means of Work Satisfaction
Authors: Baptista José Abel De Andrade , Formigoni Alexandre , Silva Sara Almeida da , Stettiner Caio Flavio , Novais Rosana Aparecida Bueno de
Published: January 2022

The present work aims to demonstrate the most relevant points in the theory of acquired needs, formulated by the American psychologist David Clarence McClelland in 1961. The theory reports that the individual's success depends on two factors, from the socially acquired experiences to the of life and how these experiences should be treated to understand what needs the individual needs to meet to achieve motivation. From this point, the problem to be studied is intended to understand whether professional success can be measured based on three needs that, when met, would be enough to generate employee satisfaction with their work? The general objective of the research is the analysis of the theory developed by McClelland and how it can be more recently related to the concept of satisfaction in the professional environment. The research method for the proposed theme is a bibliographic search, as it stands out in the use of well-selected and updated information on the subject to be treated, in addition to being the most viable methodology to avoid redundancies in approaching the theme. It was obtained as a result of the analysis that amid so many problems found in managers, according to the point of view of the teams of collaborators, the concern to know the differences and needs of the team has not been a behavior properly adopted by the leadership. Therefore, it was concluded that the theory is useful for the reality of several globalization companies, but the problem lies in the neglect of leadership.
The Empirical Model on The Relationship among Price, Service Quality and Customer Purchasing Decision: The Case of the Dili Tais Market in Timor-Leste.
Authors: Saldanha Estanislau De Sousa , Silva Agostinha , Seran Agustinus Nahak , Brites da Silva Helio
Published: January 2022

Price, service quality and purchasing decisions are played important roles in tourism market management. Therefore, many empirical studies have been carried out to enhance customer purchasing decisions through price and service quality. Nonetheless, there is a limited number of studies in emerging tourism destinations and marketing. This study aims to analyse the influence of price and service quality on customers’ purchasing decisions. This research was carried out at the Tais Market, Kolmera, Dili. Data was collected by using questionnaires distributed to 395 respondents using accidental sampling technique, and hypotheses were tested using SMART-PLS 3.0. The results showed that both price and service quality have significant impacts on customers’ purchasing decisions. This study enriches the empirical studies on price, service quality and customers’ purchasing decisions, particularly in emerging tourism destinations and markets. This study implies that to enhance customers’ purchasing decisions, the Tais Market needs to offer products at a reasonable and fair price as well to keep improving the tangible and intangible services.
Analiza procedury sporządzania lokalnych aktów planowania przestrzennego w świetle przepisów ustawy o planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym
Authors: Matuszko Antoni , Mikołajczyk Dariusz , Słowik Andrzej
Published: January 2022

Podstawowym aktem prawnym regulującym sposób prowadzenia polityki przestrzennej w Polsce jest ustawa z dnia 27 marca 2003 r. o planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym. Ustawa ta określa procedury sporządzania aktów planistycznych, którymi na poziomie lokalnym są: studium uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego gminy oraz miejscowy plan zagospodarowania przestrzennego. Dotychczasowa praktyka planistyczna pokazuje, że uchwalenie wymienionych dokumentów jest długotrwałym i złożonym procesem, co znacząco utrudnia gminom podejmowanie racjonalnych decyzji w aspekcie ich dalszego rozwoju. Dlatego też istotne jest rozpoznanie uwarunkowań formalno-prawnych, będących bezpośrednią przyczyną wydłużenia procedury planistycznej. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie poszczególnych etapów procedury sporządzania studium uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego gminy i miejscowego planu zagospodarowania przestrzennego oraz próba zidentyfikowania czynności mających istotny wpływ na wydłużenie procedury planistycznej w odniesieniu do terminów wskazanych w ustawie.
Kindled by Catastrophe
Authors: Duiveman Adriaan
Published: January 2022

Fire disasters were a major threat to eighteenth-century villages and towns. Following such conflagrations, writers, artists, and publishers were eager to represent the disaster in great detail. Printed poems and pamphlets did not only describe the flames’ destruction, but also put great emphasis on the solidarity during and after the catastrophe. The risks of looting and social disorder were acknowledged by authors, but received little attention overall. Instead, poets and writers focused on acts of care and charity in four phases of fire disaster management: firefighting, immediate relief, collecting for reconstruction, and remembrance. While the first two phases were characterised by local and regional solidarity, the latter two could encompass – in the imagination of the authors – the whole Dutch nation. Writers appealed to faith and nationhood to convince people to make charitable donations. Afterwards, they celebrated and remembered the generosity of various communities. This article concludes that authors appropriated destroyed lives and buildings to construct identities and solidarity.
The sensitivity of simulated aerosol climatic impact to domain size using regional model (WRF-Chem v3.6)
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Zhao Chun , Xu Mingyue , Du Qiuyan , Zheng Jianqiu , Bi Yun , Lin Shengfu , Luo Yali
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Domain size can have significant impact on regional modeling results, but
few studies examined the sensitivities of simulated aerosol impact to
regional domain size. This study investigates the regional modeling
sensitivities of aerosol impact on the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) to
domain size. The simulations with two different domain sizes demonstrate
consistently that aerosols induce the cooling of the lower troposphere that
leads to the anticyclone circulation anomalies and thus the weakening of
EASM moisture transport. The aerosol-induced adjustment of monsoonal
circulation results in an alternate increase and decrease pattern of
precipitation over China. Domain size has a great influence
on the simulated meteorological fields. For example, the simulation with
larger domain size produces weaker EASM circulation, which also affects
aerosol distributions significantly. This leads to the difference of
simulated strength and area extent of aerosol-induced changes of
lower-tropospheric temperature and pressure, which further results in
different distributions of circulation and precipitation anomalies over China. For example, over southeastern China, aerosols induce the
increase (decrease) of precipitation from the smaller-domain (larger-domain)
simulation. Different domain sizes consistently simulate an aerosol-induced
increase in precipitation around 30∘ N over eastern China. This study
highlights the important influence of domain size on regional modeling
results of aerosol impact on circulation and precipitation, which may not be
limited to East Asia. More generally, this study also implies that proper
modeling of meteorological fields with appropriate domain size is one of the
keys to simulating robust aerosol climatic impact.
Parsimonious statistical learning models for low-flow estimation
Authors: Laimighofer Johannes , Melcher Michael , Laaha Gregor
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Statistical learning methods offer a promising approach for low-flow regionalization. We examine seven statistical learning models (Lasso, linear, and nonlinear-model-based boosting, sparse partial least squares, principal component regression, random forest, and support vector regression) for the prediction of winter and summer low flow based on a hydrologically diverse dataset of 260 catchments in Austria. In order to produce sparse models, we adapt the recursive feature elimination for variable preselection and propose using three different variable ranking methods (conditional forest, Lasso, and linear model-based boosting) for each of the prediction models. Results are evaluated for the low-flow characteristic Q95 (Pr(Q>Q95)=0.95) standardized by catchment area using a repeated nested cross-validation scheme. We found a generally high prediction accuracy for winter (RCV2 of 0.66 to 0.7) and summer (RCV2 of 0.83 to 0.86). The models perform similarly to or slightly better than a top-kriging model that constitutes the current benchmark for the study area. The best-performing models are support vector regression (winter) and nonlinear model-based boosting (summer), but linear models exhibit similar prediction accuracy. The use of variable preselection can significantly reduce the complexity of all the models with only a small loss of performance. The so-obtained learning models are more parsimonious and thus easier to interpret and more robust when predicting at ungauged sites. A direct comparison of linear and nonlinear models reveals that nonlinear processes can be sufficiently captured by linear learning models, so there is no need to use more complex models or to add nonlinear effects. When performing low-flow regionalization in a seasonal climate, the temporal stratification into summer and winter low flows was shown to increase the predictive performance of all learning models, offering an alternative to catchment grouping that is recommended otherwise.
ETKİN PİYASA HİPOTEZİNİN ZAYIF FORMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜ İÇİN TEST EDİLMESİ
Authors: BAL Harun , ALGAN Neşe , ERDOĞAN Esma , TEKİN İpek
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışma, Türkiye ekonomisi finans sektörü içerisinde büyük pay sahibi olan Bankacılık sektöründe Borsa İstanbul (BIST Bankalar) Bankacılık endeksi bağlamında Etkin Piyasa Hipotezi (EPH)’nin geçerliliğinin test edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla 11 bankayı içeren BIST Bankalar endeksi, 2005-2018 dönemine ait fiyat verileri kullanılarak hem standart ADF birim kök testi hem de doğrusal olmayan Christopoulos ve Leon-Ledesma (2010) Fourier ADF tipi birim kök testi uygulanarak EPH’nin geçerliliği sınanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, incelenen dönemde BISTBANK serilerin birim köklü olduğu belirlenmiş olup, ele alınan piyasada zayıf formda etkin piyasa hipotezinin geçerli olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCIES BETWEEN JOB SATISFACTION AND GENDER-ROLE DIFFERENTIATION
Authors: Petkov Tsvetan
Published: January 2022

In the conditions of the rapidly developing economy, the fine and the reprimand are not enough for the successful management of the employees in the organization. High qualification, active participation of the manager, as well as the creation of a favorable working environment in the organization are needed. Therefore, the attitude of employees to work as a whole and to its individual aspects is essential. This attitude affects the motivation for work, work activity and achieving higher results in work.
Early Superimposed NMES Training is Effective to Improve Strength and Function Following ACL Reconstruction with Hamstring Graft regardless of Tendon Regeneration
Authors: Labanca Luciana , Rocchi Jacopo E. , Giannini Silvana , Faloni Emanuele R. , Montanari Giulio , Mariani Pier Paolo , Macaluso Andrea
Published: January 2022

The study aimed at investigating the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation superimposed on functional exercises (NMES+) early after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLr) with hamstring graft, on muscle strength, knee function, and morphology of thigh muscles and harvested tendons. Thirty-four participants were randomly allocated to either NMES+ group, who received standard rehabilitation with additional NMES of knee flexor and extensor muscles, superimposed on functional movements, or to a control group, who received no additional training (NAT) to traditional rehabilitation. Participants were assessed 15 (T1), 30 (T2), 60 (T3), 90 (T4) and at a mean of 380 days (T5) after ACLr. Knee strength of flexors and extensors was measured at T3, T4 and T5. Lower limb loading asymmetry was measured during a sit-to-stand-to-sit movement at T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, and a countermovement-jump at T4 and T5. An MRI was performed at T5 to assess morphology of thigh muscles and regeneration of the harvested tendons. NMES+ showed higher muscle strength for the hamstrings (T4, T5) and the quadriceps (T3, T4, T5), higher loading symmetry during stand-to-sit (T2, T3, T4, T5), sit-to-stand (T3, T4) and countermovement-jump (T5) than NAT. No differences were found between-groups for morphology of muscles and tendons, nor in regeneration of harvested tendons. NMES+ early after ACLr with hamstring graft improves muscle strength and knee function in the short- and long-term after surgery, regardless of tendon regeneration.
Consumer Legal Protection Reviewed from Consumer Protection Law in Consumer Dispute Settlement through Litigation
Authors: Jarnawansyah Muhammad , Rizqi Reza Muhammad
Published: January 2022

There is a law called Law Number 8 of 1999 that deals with consumer protection. It says that disputes between consumers and business people can be settled through both litigation and non-litigation channels and that both types of channels can be used to do this. Using the courts to settle consumer disputes is a way to do this. This type of dispute resolution refers to the rules for general courts. So that consumers need to get help from the law to get their rights as consumers. Consumer protection is becoming more and more important as science and technology move faster and faster. This is because the speed of science and technology is what drives the productivity and efficiency of producers for the goods or services they make in order to reach their business goals. As a result of this, either directly or indirectly, the Consumers are the ones who feel the effects of these two things the most. In this case, the consumer protection law says that businesses must give legal protection to their customers, so this shows that businesses must do this. And legal remedies for resolving disputes between customers and business people in the event of a dispute can be used both in court and out of court. In order for a dispute to be resolved through litigation, one party has filed a lawsuit against the other party. However, non-litigation dispute resolution can be done in a number of ways, such as through negotiation, consolidation, mediation, arbitration, and so on.

Keywords: Legal Protection, Consumers, Consumer Disputes, Litigation, Laws.
Recent Advances in Doped Bi2O3 and its Photocatalytic Activity: A Review
Authors: Utami Bella Aprimanti , Sutanto Heri , Hidayanto Eko
Published: January 2022

Bismuth Oxide (Bi2O3) has a very promising photocatalytic ability to degrade waste pollutants under visible light irradiation because it has a small energy gap of around 2.85-2.58 eV. Although it has excellent potential as a photocatalyst, Bi2O3 has the disadvantage of a high electron-hole pair recombination rate, which will reduce its photocatalytic activity. To overcome these problems, surface modifications, defect recognition, or doping of Bi2O3 are carried out to obtain a more effective and efficient photocatalyst to degrade waste pollutants under visible light irradiation. Several studies by researchers have been described for the modification of Bi2O3 by doping. Various types of doping are given, such as doping in elements or doping in the form of compounds to form composites. Based on several studies that have been described, appropriate doping has been shown to increase the photocatalytic activity of Bi2O3.

Keywords: Bi2O3, Photocatalyst, Doping
Hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dan motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar IPA siswa SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa
Authors: Sitiman Hediaty La
Published: January 2022

This research aims at: (1) discovering the studentsâ€™ emotional intelligence (2) discovering the studentsâ€™ learning motivation, (3) discovering the science learning outcomes , (4) examining the relationship between emotional intelligence and the science learning outcomes, (5) examining the relationship between learning motivation and the science learning outcomes, and (6) examining the relationship of both emotional intelligence and learning motivation collaboratively to the science learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. This research is an ex-post-facto research. The Population in this research was the students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminas. The sampling technique used was random sampling with the total of sample 244 students. The data collection techniques were questionnaires and documentation. The data was analyzed by employing regression test and correlation test. The results of the research reveal that: (1) the studentsâ€™ emotional intelligence in general is in high category, (2) the studentsâ€™ learning motivation in general is in high category, (3) the science learning outcomes in general is in high category, (4) there are positive relation signicantly between emotional intelligence and the science learning outcomes. The learning outcomes follow the improvement of emotional intelligence with coefficient level of correlation (r) is 0.492 and effective contribution R2 is 24.2%, (5) there are positive relation significantly between learning motivation and the science learning outcomes. The learning outcomes follow the improvement of learning motivation with coefficient level of correlation (r) is 0.490 and effective contribution R2 is 24%, (6) there are positive relation significantly of both emotional intelligence and learning motivation collaboratively to the science learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa, The learning outcomes is the linear function of emotional intelligence and learning motivation, means that the science learning outcomes follow the improment of emotional intelligence and learning motivation with coefficient level of correlation (r) is 0.548 and effective contribution R2 is 30%.Â Â
Asesmen formatif dalam pembelajaran inkuiri model 5 E (Engagement, Exploration, Explanation, Elaboration, Evaluation) untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis berbasis web pada siswa SMA
Authors: Dita Sukma Pra , Qadar Riskan , Komariyah Laili
Published: January 2022

Penelitian yang mempunyai tujuan yaitu agar mendapati pengaruh asesmen formatif dalam pembelajaran inquiry model 5E untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis berbasis WEB pada siswa SMA. Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang bersifat pra-eksperimental design. Desain yang diterapkan yaitu one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Sendawar dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 25 siswa pada kelas X MIPA 2. Teknik pengambilan data dengan menggunakan teknik Cluster Random Sampling dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknis tes berupa 10 butir soal essai untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis dan tes asesmen formatif berupa 3 butir soal essai. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa asesmen formatif dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dengan nilai rata-rata tiga pertemuan berturut-turut sebesar 73, 81, dan 86. Kemudian melalui penerapan pembelajaran inkuiri model 5E dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dengan nilai gain 0,31 berada dalam kategori sedang.
The Digitized First Byurakan Survey (DFBS) as UNESCO Documentary Heritage
Authors:   NAS RA V. Ambartsumian Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO), Armenia, Mickaelian A. M. , Sargsyan L. A. ,   NAS RA V. Ambartsumian Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO), Armenia, Mikayelyan G. A. ,   NAS RA V. Ambartsumian Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO), Armenia, Gigoyan K. S. ,   NAS RA V. Ambartsumian Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO), Armenia, Nesci R. ,   Sapienza Universit`a di Roma, Italy, Rossi C. ,   Sapienza Universit`a di Roma, Italy
Published: January 2022

The famous Markarian Survey (or the First Byurakan Survey, FBS) was carried out in 1965-1980. Its 2000 plates were digitized in 2002-2007 and the Digitized FBS (DFBS, www.aras.am/Dfbs/dfbs.html) was created. New science projects have been conducted based on this low-dispersion spectroscopic material. The Armenian Virtual Observatory (ArVO, www.aras.am/Arvo/arvo.htm) database accommodates all new data. The project was conducted in collaboration with the Italian, USA and German scientists, as well as the Armenian Institute of Informatics and Automation Problems (IIAP) and continued during 6 years in 2002-2007. Markarian Survey and its digitized version were included in UNESCO Documentary Heritage “Memory of the World” International Register in 2011 as one of the rare heritage items from science.
GCMS Analysis and In-Vitro Activities of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC. Fruit
Authors: Irfan Ullah Irfan Ullah , Jamshaid Ali Khan Jamshaid Ali Khan , Achyut Adhikari Achyut Adhikari , Peer Abdul Hannan Peer Abdul Hannan , Faisal Shakeel Muhammad Kifayatullah Faisal Shakeel Muhammad Kifayatullah , Ajmal Khan and Shafiq Ur Rahman Ajmal Khan and Shafiq Ur Rahman
Published: January 2022

The aim of the current study was to evaluate various fractions of Monotheca buxifolia fruit chemically using GC-MS and in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and leishmanicidal potentials in order to provide scientific evidences for its folk uses. A variety of pharmacologically active compounds were identified including hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, vaccinic acid, and pthanlic acid. All the tested samples were found fairly effective in antibacterial assay, P. aeruginosa was found more susceptible to ethyl acetate fraction with inhibition of 69.5 %, while B. subtilis was found completely resistant. Similarly the growth of M. canis and F. solani were moderately inhibited by M. buxifolia. The maximum (50%) antifungal effect was observed in case of ethyl acetate fraction against F. solani, While no leishmanicidal activity was found in the entire tested samples. Yet the use of this plant can be validated in the management of different bacterial and fungal infections.
Novel Approach for the Determination of Nitrogen Fixation in Cyanobacteria
Authors: Sumaira Mazhar Sumaira Mazhar , Jerry D Cohen and Shahida Hasnain Jerry D Cohen and Shahida Hasnain
Published: January 2022

Non-heterocystous nitrogen fixing strains of cyanobacteria were screened by their ability to grow in nitrogen deficient media. The selected nitrogen fixing cyanobacterial cells were then cultured in BG11 media supplemented with [15N]-labeled sodium nitrate. Under these growth conditions any organic [14N] found in the cyanobacterial cells would simply come from nitrogen fixation because [15N] was the only available source of nitrogen in the medium. Amino acids extracted after different time periods (after 15, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days of inoculation) were used for the determination of the 14N/15N ratio using GC-MS. Results from the present study support the conclusion that at stationary phase of growth cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation was no longer supplying a significant amount of nitrogen. This approach not only provided a detailed method for the evaluation of the nitrogen fixing potential of the cyanobacteria in culture, but also suggests novel approaches for the assessment of the ability of the strains to provide nitrogen enrichment to plants under co-cultivation conditions.
Characterization of the Corallina Elongata Alga and Study of its Biosorption Properties for Methylene Blue
Authors: Farida Bouremmad Farida Bouremmad , Abdennour Bouchair Abdennour Bouchair , Sorour Semsari Parapari Sorour Semsari Parapari , Shalima Shawuti and Mehmet Ali Gulgun Shalima Shawuti and Mehmet Ali Gulgun
Published: January 2022

Biosorbents can be an alternative to activated carbon. They are derived from agricultural by-products or aquatic biomass. They are low cost and they may have comparable performances to those of activated carbon. The present study focuses on the characterization of the Corallina Elongata (CE) alga and its adsorption performance for Methylene Blue (MB), this alga is found in abundance at the Mediterranean coast of the city of Jijel in eastern Algeria. The dried alga was characterized using various characterization techniques such as DTA, TG, FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX, which showed that the material consists essentially of a calcite containing magnesium. Batch adsorption studies were carried out and the effect of experimental parameters Such as pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, adsorbent dose and contact time, on the adsorption of MB was studied. The kinetic experimental data were found to conform to the pseudo-second-order model with good correlation and equilibrium data were best fitted to The Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 34.4 mg/g. The adsorption isotherms at various temperatures allowed the determination of certain thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS). Finally, the adsorption results showed a good affinity between CE and MB with a high adsorption capacity.
Facile Synthesis, Crystal Growth, Quantum Chemical Studies of Electronic Structure and of the Profoundly Persuasive NLO Organic Crystal: Ethyl 4-[N,N-bis(p-toluenesulfonyl)]- Aminobenzoate
Authors: Sana Mazhar Sana Mazhar , Muhammad Khalid Muhammad Khalid , Muhammad Nawaz Tahir Muhammad Nawaz Tahir , Muhammad Haroon Muhammad Haroon , Tashfeen Akhtar Tashfeen Akhtar , Muhammad Usman Khan Muhammad Usman Khan , Farrukh Jaleel Farrukh Jaleel , Muhammad Aslam Muhammad Aslam
Published: January 2022

In the present work, we synthesized Ethyl-4-[N,N-bis (p-toluene sulfonyl)amino]benzoate crystal and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The optimized geometry and vibration wave numbers of the compound investigated was obtained by performing density functional theory (DFT) computations at the M06-2X level of theory and with the 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. The DFT findings show good agreement with the experimental XRD data. Natural bond orbital (NBO) study was performed at the M06-2X/6-311+G(d,p) level to find the stability due to charge delocalization and hyperconjugative interactions. Charge transfer properties and chemical activities at different sites of the synthesized compound was quantitatively determined by performing frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surfaces at the M06-2X level of theory with 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. The global reactivity parameters were explored with use of the energy of the FMOs. These descriptors predicted the stability of the investigated molecule by revealing the larger hardness and less softness values. Nonlinear optical (NLO) properties was computed at the M06-2X level of theory and 6-311+G(d,p) basis set combination which is observed larger as compared to the urea molecule indicating the considerable NLO character.
Characterization of Some Chemical and Physical Properties of Lithium Borate Glasses Doped With CuO and/or TeO2
Authors: E M Abou Hussein E M Abou Hussein
Published: January 2022

Glasses used in this study are prepared economically at a relatively low melting temperature (650-750oC). Presence of alkalis such as Na2O works as a flux and enhances the melting process. A Simple comparative study between the effect of doping Cu2+ and/or Te4+ ions in lithium borate glasses before and after gamma irradiation has been discussed. Density, molar volume, optical UV transmittance, optical band gap energies, DC electrical conductivity and chemical durability of the prepared glasses are measured. It is found that doping with Cu2+ ions makes a disruption in the glassy network by increasing the number of non-bridging oxygens (NBO) forming a more open network structure. While doping with the fourfold Te4+ ions enhances the crosslinking of the glassy network giving more rigid structure since the relatively high molecular weights of Te4+ ions allow them to bond strongly with the glassy network. The last two assumptions can elucidate results obtained from the last measurements.
Optimization of Zinc Ions Removal by Modified Phoenix Dactylifera L. Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Ainy Hafeez Ainy Hafeez , Syed Mohsin Ali Kazmi Syed Mohsin Ali Kazmi , Muhammad Sulaiman Muhammad Sulaiman , Chaudhry Haider Ali and Nadeem Feroze Chaudhry Haider Ali and Nadeem Feroze
Published: January 2022

The current study investigates the role of Phoenix Dactylifera L. (date palm) seeds as an effective biosorbent for removing Zn+2, a toxic heavy metal pollutant usually found in the waste streams of industries like fertilizer, mining and galvanizing etc. Date palm seeds were washed, dried, crushed in 170-300 um and modified by acidic treatment (0.1 MHNO3). The effect of most important parameters i.e., pH (3.5-6.1), initial zinc ion concentration (5-100mg/l), biosorbent dosage (0.1-1g) and contact time (0.5-60sec) have been studied via design expert software (version 8.0.6) of response surface methodology. The Box-Bhenken Design (BBD) was used in Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for designing the experiments and a number of 29 experiments were run. The model suggested by the design expert software was quadratic as it had maximum R2- value (0.9235) which indicated that the predicted values of quadratic model were best fitted to the experimental values. The significance of the factors was indicated by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the metal uptake increased by increasing initial zinc concentration and decreasing in biosorbent dosage and pH while the contact time had negligible effect on the response surface. The parameters were numerically optimized and the optimum input parameters obtained were pH = 3.52, initial zinc ion concentration = 59.11ppm, biosorbent dosage = 0.1g and contact time = 60min with a metal uptake of 26.84mg/g. Therefore, (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) seeds substantially removed zinc ions under optimum conditions.
Synthesis and Characterization of Low Molecular Weight Organogelators Derived from Amide Derivatives of N-acetylglycine
Authors: Firdous Imran Ali Firdous Imran Ali , Rabel Shaikh Rabel Shaikh , Ahmed Bari Ahmed Bari , Umair Ahmad Khan Umair Ahmad Khan , Shoaib Muhammad and Imran Ali Hashmi Shoaib Muhammad and Imran Ali Hashmi
Published: January 2022

Six new N-acetylglycine amides and bisamides were prepared by reacting N-acetylglycine with different isocyanates including, hexamethylene diisocyanate, bis(4-isocyanatophenyl)methane, toluene 2,4-diisocyanate, 1,3-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene, phenyl isocyanate and 2-naphthyl isocyanate to furnish amides 1-6. The gelation ability of compounds (1-6) was investigated using fourteen different solvents including polar, non-polar organic solvents. Only compound 1 solidified toluene. Characterization of compounds (1-6) was done using spectroscopic methods, HRESI-MS, FTIR, 1H- and 13C-NMR. The morphology of toluene organogel (as xerogel) was determined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Procaine Detection Using Hybrids of Cobalt-Metalloporphyrin with Gold and Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Anca Lascu Anca Lascu , Anca Palade Anca Palade , Mihaela Birdeanu and Eugenia Fagadar Cosma Mihaela Birdeanu and Eugenia Fagadar Cosma
Published: January 2022

Two organic-inorganic nanomaterials derived from Co(II)-tetra(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (Co-3OHPP) and noble metal nanoparticles, namely: Co-porphyrin-nanoAu (Co-3OHPP/nAu) and Co-porphyrin-nanoAg (Co-3OHPP/nAg) were obtained and tested for their capacity to detect procaine. Both hybrids present changes in UV-vis spectroscopy after interaction with procaine, in the same range of procaine concentration. The silver colloid is more easily obtainable and more economically affordable and its hybrid has a wider range of procaine detection from 5.39 x 10-5 mol l-1 to 28.04 x 10-5 mol l-1 concentration, thus being useful for the monitoring of the anesthesic remanence in patients’ plasma. Besides, the plasmonic band of the hybrid is more clearly defined. AFM studies were performed to compare the morphology of the two hybrid materials, Co-3OHPP/nAu and Co-3OHPP/nAg after being exposed to procaine. Both materials display triangular geometries that in case of Co-3OHPP/nAg are not very well defined taking also the form of kvatarons and these two coexisting forms generate pyramidal architectures.
Solubility Parameter Study of Polysulfone, Polyvinyl Acetate in Dimethylacetamide Solvent
Authors: Asim Mushtaq Asim Mushtaq , Hilmi Mukhtar and Azmi Mohd Shariff Hilmi Mukhtar and Azmi Mohd Shariff
Published: January 2022

The solubility parameter is calculated to express the magnitude and nature of the interactive forces between the polymers and solvents. It measures the affinity between the components of a mixture. To improve the prediction of the solubility parameter, the group contribution method is used to calculate the overall solubility parameter as suggested by Hildebrand. Hildebrand’s method is used to predict the interaction between the polymers and solvent. In this study, calculate the solubility parameters of polysulfone (PSU), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) polymers and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent by Hildebrand method. The PSU and PVAc solubility were found to be 1.52H and 1.7H, respectively. These solubility values show that both polymers were dissolved readily in the DMAc solvent, resulting in a true solution.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Piperidine Derivatives
Authors: Shaista Zafar Shaista Zafar , Shamim Akhtar Shamim Akhtar , Syed Imran Ali Syed Imran Ali , Nausheen Mushtaq Nausheen Mushtaq , Sabahat Naeem and Mohsin Ali Sabahat Naeem and Mohsin Ali
Published: January 2022

Synthesis of various piperidine derivatives having important biological and pharmacological potentials has been discussed in the past. In present study we reported the synthesis of benzoyl and sulphonyl derivatives by taking Piperidine-4-carboxamide as principal molecule. These compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques such as NMR, FTIR and Mass spectrometry. Elemental composition was explored using CHN analyzer. Antimicrobial activity study of the synthesized compounds was performed using disc diffusion method. Dissociation constant (pKa) of the synthesized compounds were determined by potentiometric titration method. In addition. The findings of the study predicted good absorption of these newly synthesized compounds. Besides, compound III showed good antifungal activity which can be helpful in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics approaches of antibiotics.
Using Heterocycle to Improve the Selectivity of Rhodamine-6G Dye: Synthesis of Pyrrole-Modified Rhodamine-6G and its Recognition to Zn2+
Authors: Rui Qiao Rui Qiao , Hai Yun Fan Hai Yun Fan , Cui Bing Bai Cui Bing Bai , Ling Dai Ling Dai , Lin Zhang Lin Zhang , Jie Zhang Jie Zhang , Shui Sheng Chen and Hui Miao Shui Sheng Chen and Hui Miao
Published: January 2022

The fluorescent sensor XQN for Zn2+ based on rhodamine-6G have been designed and synthesized. XQN showed fluorescent specific selectivity and high sensitivity for Zn2+ against other metal ions such as Fe3+, Cr3+, Hg2+, Ag+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Mg2+ in CH3CN-PBS(phosphate buffer saline) (10 mM, v/v=7:3, pH = 7.4) solution. The distinct color change and the rapid emergence of fluorescence emission provided naked-eyes detection for Zn2+. The test strip results showed that these sensors could act as a convenient and efficient Zn2+ test kit. The recognition mechanism of the sensor toward Zn2+ was evaluated by IR and the Job’s plots. The detection limits of XQN towards Zn2+ was calculated as 2.39 and#181;M. In addition, XQN-Zn2+ fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence quantum yield were also measured.
Selection Process of Phytochemicals and Efficacy of Thymol, Eugenol and Calcium Ferulate on Heterotrophic Plate Count Bacteria in Water
Authors: Humayun Wali and Muhammad Zafar Humayun Wali and Muhammad Zafar
Published: January 2022

Water samples of Lahore Canal have been tested for log reduction of heterotrophic plate count microorganisms in the presence of three selected phytochemicals: thymol, eugenol and freshly prepared calcium salt of ferulic acid. Thymol results in about 0.9 log10 reduction (at 80 min contact time), 1.2 log10 reduction (at 90 min contact) and 2.6 log10 reduction (contact time: 60 min) for 75, 150 and 300 ppm wt./wt. phytochemical in water sample respectively. Eugenol at 150 and 300 ppm is as good as thymol for log10 reduction, but not at 75 ppm. Calcium ferulate does not significantly reduce the heterotrophic plate count microorganisms at the three tested concentrations. Contact time is found crucial for optimum reduction of microorganisms. Further studies have been carried out for thymol at 50 ppm. It is observed that thymol results in 0.9 log10 reduction at pH 9.5 and 30oC. At this concentration and at 13oC and 20oC, significant decrease in heterotrophic plate count is not observed at either pH 4.5, 7.0, and 9.5. Contact time is again important for inactivating the microorganisms. Statistical analysis is made to evaluate differences between the phytochemical-time in concentration treatment groups and pH-time in the temperature treatment groups. Two linear models of thymol reduction of heterotrophic plate count microorganisms are developed to study the relationships between the variables responsible for inactivation. Where experimental data is not available, software PASS, GUSAR, EPI Suite and Marvin Sketch are used to predict antimicrobial properties, toxicity and water solubility. Based on these criteria, affordability and aesthetics, the final selection of phytochemicals is made.
Impact of Water-Rocks Interaction on Groundwater Geochemistry of Southern Mor Range, Balochistan, Pakistan and its Appraisal for Drinking Water Quality
Authors: Maria Kaleem Maria Kaleem , Shahid Naseem Shahid Naseem , Erum Bashir Erum Bashir , Bushra Shahab and Muhammad Mansha Bushra Shahab and Muhammad Mansha
Published: January 2022

Major and trace element geochemistry of groundwater of southern Mor Range, Balochistan was made to insight the impact of igneous and sedimentary rock on the composition of groundwater. The median values of ions display Na+andgt; Mg2+ andgt;Ca2+andgt;K+ and HCO3-andgt;SO4-2andgt;Cl-andgt;CO3-2 trend in the distribution of cations and anions respectively. The plots on Piper diagram indicated Ca-Na-Cl-type water (40.84%) as dominant water facies, followed by Ca-Cl-type (18.36%), Ca-Na-HCO3-Cl-type (16.33%), Ca-HCO3-Cl-type (12.24%), Na-Cl is (10.20%). The plots on Gibbs’ diagrams delineate rock weathering combined with evaporation process for regulating the ionic composition. Molar ratio of Ca2++Mg2+ vs. HCO3-+SO42- and Ca2+/Na+ vs. Mg2+/Na+ demonstrated that the groundwater of the study area has genetic association with the igneous rocks of Bela Ophiolite and sedimentary rocks of Ferozabad Group. Strong correlation matrix and PCA diagram also witnessed genetic affiliation with the rocks of the study area. The ionic composition revealed, nearly 50% samples faced process of ion exchange. Estimation of selected trace elements (Fe, Zn, V, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni, As and Co) was also done to evaluate the drinking water quality and their possible health implications. Majority of them was found within permissible limits; however, in some of the samples, Fe, V and Pb exceed the WHO specifications.
Isolation of Anemonin from Pulsatilla wallichiana and its Biological Activities
Authors: Iftikhar Ali Iftikhar Ali , Sakeena Khatoon Sakeena Khatoon , Faiza Amber Faiza Amber , Qamar Abbas Qamar Abbas , Muhammad Ismail Muhammad Ismail , Nadja Engel Nadja Engel , and Viqar Uddin Ahmad and Viqar Uddin Ahmad
Published: January 2022

The phytochemical work on Pulsatilla wallichiana Ulbr. (Ranunculaceae Juss.) afforded a dilactone, anemonin (1) isolated, purified and identified by spectroscopic methods and comparison of their spectral data with the reported data. To the best of our knowledge, this compound was isolated for the first time from Pulsatilla wallichiana Ulbr. Moreover, the aqueous (aq.) methanolic extract of the whole plant sample of Pulsatilla wallichiana Ulbr. (PWW) and the methanolic extract of the whole plant sample of Physochlaina praealta (Decne.) Miers (Solanaceae Juss.; PPM) were also investigated for several biological activities including antifungal, antiinflammatory, anticancer (Rh30, Hela, 3T3), cytotoxic, phytotoxic, brine shrimp lethality and insecticidal activities. PWW showed insignificant antifungal while higher anti-inflammatory activity as compared to PPM. In anticancer activity, PWW showed a concentration dependent effect on Rh30 cell viability while both samples exhibited moderate phytotoxic activity.
Study the Effect of Magnetized Water on Some of the Chemical Parameters for EBT Complexes with Some of M2+ Ions
Authors: Rawa a Abass Majeed Rawa a Abass Majeed , Wissam Sallal Ulaiwi Wissam Sallal Ulaiwi , and Mohammed Faiad Naief and Mohammed Faiad Naief
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the effect of magnetized water on the stability constant Kst, oscillation strength f, molar extinction coefficient εmax and Gibbs free energy ΔG for complexes was investigated. Complexes of Eriochrome black T (EBT) as a ligand with Ca2+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ ions were prepared for this purpos. The stability constant values of the complexes found to be decreased by using magnetic water in their preparation except for EBT-Ca complex. Both Ca2+ and Mn2+ ions showed deviation from Irving-Williams order. The oscillation strength shows the type of spectrum is absorption spectrum for all complexes and in both in magnetized and non-magnetized water. εmax found to be increased by using magnetized water over than non-magnetized water. The stability constants for the complexes calculate analytically by applying jobs method and Yoe and Jones method.
Synthesis, Characterization of Poly(1,4–cyclohexanedimethylene oxalate) and the Study of its Metal Uptake Behavior Towards Pb(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) Ions
Authors: Yousef A Al Dalahmeh Yousef A Al Dalahmeh , Fawwaz I Khalili Fawwaz I Khalili , Bassam A Sweileh Bassam A Sweileh
Published: January 2022

Poly(1,4–cyclohexanedimethylene oxalate) was synthesized from oxalyl chloride and cis/trans–1,4–cyclohexandimethanol. The polymer was characterized by viscosity, FT–IR, NMR, elemental analysis, DSC, TGA, and SEM. The metal uptake behavior of the polymer towards Pb(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions was studied by batch technique as a function of pH, temperature, concentration, contact time and by column technique. Their uptake increases slightly with pH reaching maximum at 6.00. The order of adsorption capacity was: Pb(II) andgt; Cd(II) andgt; Zn(II). The uptake of the polymer shows fittings to both Langmuir’s and Freundlich equations. ΔGand#176;, ΔHand#176; and ΔSand#176; were determined for Pb(II). The metal-unbound polymer was regenerated by treating the metal-sorbed polymer with 1.0 M HNO3 andgt;1.0 M HCl andgt;0.01 M EDTA.
Formulation of an Unprecedented Potassium Thiadiazolate Framework Via In-Situ Ligand Synthesis
Authors: Saghir Abbas Saghir Abbas , Manzar Sohail Manzar Sohail , Muhammad Arif Nadeem Muhammad Arif Nadeem , Javaid Hussain Zaidi and Saqib Ali Javaid Hussain Zaidi and Saqib Ali
Published: January 2022

The development of extended structures using s-block metal centres is fairly rare because of the predominance of ionic forces at metal center. The in-situ formation of 1,3,5-thiadiazole-2,5-dithiol ligand and its coordination to potassium metal ions results in the form of air stable green crystals of a novel framework [C2HKN2OS3]. The two-dimensional framework is characterized as P21 space group with the potassium ion, being heptacoordinated. The compound, showed distorted pentagonal bipyramidal coordination geometry due to the larger cationic radius of the potassium. The potassium metal ion is forming a bond with a nitrogen atom of azine nitrogens, two bonds with the oxygen atoms of the two hydroxyl ions and four bonds with the four sulfide ions of thiol moieties of four different thiadiazole rings. The C-S bond distances are in the range of 1.687(4) to 1.760(4) slightly shorter than the ideal value of 1.77 and#197; for a C(sp2)-S single bond. The thermogravimetric analysis indicates that a successive loss of the ligand occurs in the range of 253.06 oC to 357.53 oC that infers the stability of the compound.
Synthesis, Characterization and Dyeing Assessment of Novel Acid Dyes on Wool Fabric IV
Authors: Zeeshan Akhtar Zeeshan Akhtar , Syed Imran Ali Syed Imran Ali , Syed Rizwan Ali Syed Rizwan Ali , Sadia Khan Sadia Khan , Feroz Alam Feroz Alam , Naseem Abbas and Muhammad Yasir Khan Naseem Abbas and Muhammad Yasir Khan
Published: January 2022

We report synthesis and performance evaluation of a series of novel acid dyes based on diazotized substituted aryl amines and employing substituted naphthalene sulfonic acids as coupling component. The synthesized dyes were thoroughly characterized using UV-visible, IR, 1HNMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and negative MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis. The effectiveness of these dyes was evaluated by applying them on wool fabric using a standard exhaust dyeing procedure. The results for washing, light, perspiration and rubbing fastness of the dyed fabric demonstrate excellent fixation, binding strength and fastness properties which indicate that they are suitable for industrial wool dyeing operations.
Two New Monocyclic Naphthenes from Tamarix indica
Authors: Sumra Amanat Sumra Amanat , Ejaz Ahmed Ejaz Ahmed , Ahsan Sharif Ahsan Sharif , Naila Khalid Naila Khalid , Anum Sajid Anum Sajid , Sajid Iqbal Sajid Iqbal , Muhammad Arshad Muhammad Arshad
Published: January 2022

Two new monocyclic naphthene derivatives (1and 2) along with seven known compounds for the first time from the chloroform soluble fraction of the Tamarix indica. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of modern sophisticated, EIMS, HREIMS, 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The known compounds were recognized as 1-eicosanoyl (3), 6-heneicosanyl-1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene (4), 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (5), ethyl gallate (6) gallic acid (7), β-sitosterol (8) and methyl grevillate (9).
Self-Assembly Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported Hierarchical MnO2 Nanonocomposite for Supercapacitor
Authors: Muhammad Ishaq Muhammad Ishaq , Maher Jabeen Maher Jabeen , and Weiming Song and Weiming Song
Published: January 2022

Partially reduced graphene oxide supported hierarchical birnessite-type manganese oxide (MnO2) nanonocomposite (MnO2-pGO) with large surface area (116 m2 g-1) were successfully synthesized by a facile ultrahigh dilute vesicle solution approach, via surfactant Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), as a structure-directing agent. The resultant structure exhibit hierarchical porous MnO2 nanocluster, which were self-assembled from elongated nanorods and grafted successfully on the surface of the pGO nanosheets. Furthermore, the obtained MnO2-pGO nanocomposite was found to exhibit favorable electrochemical activity showing ultra-high specific capacitance of (282 F/g at 0.5 A/g), the enhanced rate capability of (67.7%) at 10 A/g), the most stable capacitance retention (91.4 %of its initial capacitance was retains after 5000 cycles, with ∼100% Coulombic eﬃciency). The result suggests that the approach is not only effective to deposit MnO2 over the pGO sheets, but also oﬀered great promise to prepare other pGO- metal oxide composite electrode materials for supercapacitor.