bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Організаційно-правові механізми ефективної роботи органів студентського самоврядування гуртожитків у закладах вищої освіти
Authors: Курка Максим
Published: November 2024

Актуальність. Органи студентського самоврядування (надалі – ОСС) в Україні є необхідною громадянською інституцією для забезпечення прав та інтересів студентів у закладах вищої освіти (ЗВО). Через військову агресію збільшилась кількість внутрішньо-переміщених осіб, що у свою чергу загострює питання ефективного управління студентськими гуртожитками, ще й враховуючи близько мільйона здобувачів освіти в державі. Питання ефективної роботи ОСС у цьому амплуа в Україні майже не досліджене, що лише додає йому нагальності  та актуальності.
Мета. Дослідити призначення та функції органів студентського самоврядування в гуртожитках, а також визначити ефективну модель і механізми їх роботи в рамках ЗВО.
Результати. Дослідження систематизує усі реальні виклики та проблеми, із якими стикаються ОСС у гуртожитках, спираючись на досвід ОСС, розподіляючи їх на три категорії: непрозорість та неефективність процедур поселення, переселення і виселення студентів; неякісні умови проживання; недостатня кількість місць у гуртожитках. Спираючись на одну з найбільш ефективних систем ОСС у державі, а саме КНУ ім. Тараса Шевченка, та законодавство України дослідженні пропонуються ефективні управлінські рішення та моделі роботи, що можуть впоратись із ключовими викликами в гуртожитках.
Висновки. ОСС відіграють ключову роль у забезпеченні прав та інтересів студентів у гуртожитках. Запропоновані в дослідженні моделі роботи ОСС можуть ефективно вирішити ключові проблеми студентів у гуртожитках та допомогти досягти низки важливих результатів: надати контроль над гуртожитками здобувачам освіти, створити прозору, ефективну та справедливу систему регуляції процесів та стати запобіжником корупції. Впровадження даних рекомендацій у ЗВО може докорінно змінити якість проживання мільйонів студентів та закласти міцний фундамент демократичних цінностей у молоді.
Забезпечення радіаційної безпеки в Україні: діяльність МАГАТЕ в умовах російсько-української війни
Authors: Мазур Олександр
Published: November 2024

Актуальність полягає в тому, що Україна, маючи розвинену інфраструктуру ядерної енергетики, була одним з ініціаторів розробки та прийняття Рекомендацій МАГАТЕ «Фізичний захист ядерного матеріалу і ядерних установок» та Поправки до Конвенції про фізичний захист ядерного матеріалу. Беручи до уваги, що армія росії за наказом керівництва своєї країни здійснила захоплення об’єктів атомної енергетики і цинічно заявляє про подальше вчинення таких дій. Це відбувається вперше в історії світу.
Метою статті є визначення можливостей МАГАТЕ для впливу на росію для забезпечення радіаційної безпеки в Україні в умовах російсько-української війни.
Результати. У зоні бойових дій та на окупованих територіях України залишаються в небезпеці об’єкти ядерної енергетики та промисловості, на яких використовувались джерела іонізуючого випромінювання та ядерні матеріали. Зокрема, в мирному житті джерела іонізуючого випромінювання широко використовуються в усьому світі в сільському господарстві, промисловості, медицині та різних сферах досліджень. В умовах війни, що її розв’язала росія, стається втрата контролю над таким джерелами. 
Висновки. По правилам, якщо подальша експлуатація джерел іонізуючого випромінювання не передбачається та приймається рішення щодо переведення відпрацьованих джерел іонізуючого випромінювання до категорії радіоактивних відходів, то має бути забезпечена можливість довгострокового зберігання та захоронення відпрацьованих джерел іонізуючого випромінювання як радіоактивних відходів відповідно до нормативних вимог. Ситуація, що склалася при втраті контролю над об’єктами ядерної енергетики та промисловості, на яких використовувались джерела іонізуючого випромінювання та ядерні матеріали, може призвести до непередбачуваних та катастрофічних наслідків для України, а також у разі злочинного використання й для інших територій, та мільйонів людей.
Monstros e pequenos demônios
Authors: Ji Renan
Published: November 2024

O artigo realiza uma leitura comparativa entre os romances Bom crioulo, de Adolfo Caminha, publicado em 1895, e Lolita, de Vladimir Nabokov, publicado em 1955. Analisarei as várias camadas de sentido que constituem os personagens Aleixo e Dolores, revelando como incorporam certas projeções da tradição cultural sobre a infância, na mesma medida em que eles se revelam igualmente ambíguos e enigmáticos, subvertendo esses mesmos valores. Nesses personagens ousados e polêmicos, conceitos como inocência e sexualidade se misturam, desafiando as convenções morais e abrindo caminhos para repensar a infância não tanto como valor sagrado, mas como lugar de autonomia e singularidade.
Sun-Eater, Moon-Swallower
Authors: Dallos Edina
Published: November 2024

The Chuvash, the Kazan Tatars and the Bashkirs are Turkic-speaking peoples which have long inhabited the Volga region in Russia. For centuries, Islam and Orthodox Christianity have coexisted and blended here with folk religiosity and “pagan” beliefs. Delving into this rich cultural landscape, Sun-Eater, Moon-Swallower offers an encyclopaedic collection of narratives about mythical beings recorded among these Volga Turkic peoples. The first section of the book contains almost two hundred entries, analysing unpublished ethnographic material and rare publications and further exploring the linguistic background of the names of the various mythical entities. The second section is an anthology of texts which serve to contextualise the entries of the first section. It consists of pagan prayers, healing incantations, and stories about harmful creatures, which appear in English translation for the first time.
„Bori mesék”. Képzőművész munkaszolgálatosok Borban
Authors: Csapody Tamás
Published: November 2024

During World War II six thousand Hungarians enlisted for labour service were taken from Hungary to Bor in Serbia occupied by germany (1943–1944). The great majority called up for unarmed labour service were of Jewish origin; they were supervised by Hungarian soldiers and worked under the control of german military officials (Organisation Todt). They were put to slave labour in the mines and the construction of the mountain railroad around Bor. Several of the Jewish labourers were beginning or already acknowledged artists at the time of their conscription. no matter how adverse the circumstances were, some of them did not give up their creative activity during work in Bor. The three works mentioned in the paper were created in labour camps during the Holocaust, at high artistic level. Their singularity, however, is not primarily their attainment but the choice of their unusual genre. Their common feature is the genre of the (fairy) tale. “Ein Märchen von Bor” narrates the story of the Bor mine in 50 scenes and poems in german written under them. The characters of the tales are figures from the literature of tales, german occupiers and inmates of labour camps. The tale that takes place around the mining region of Bor alloys reality, fancy and the faith of the conscripts on labour duty in their liberation. The other tale based on Mother Holle also known from the grimm brothers’ collection is titled “Tale of a good and a bad little girl”. It consists of twelve colour pictures. It was made upon the commission of one inmate for the wedding anniversary of another one. The cock often appearing in tales has particularly great significance here: it is the herald of the Messiah, and in Hebrew tradition it is a symbol of betrothal and fertility. The other ancient symbols emerging in the tale get further meanings in this context. The third art work mentioned in the paper depicts a single day in Bor in six scenes and a few lines. The tale written in postcard format is at the same time a confession of love to the bride left at home. love thus plays an important role in all tales or in their genesis.

The creators and in two cases the addressees of the works of art are known: graphic artists Ferenc Szabó and poet Tibor Sándori (Tales of Bor) and graphic artist Albert Csillag (“Tale of a bad and a good little girl” and “One day”). All the creators, as well Károly niederländer, who commissioned a tale for his wife, fell victim to the Holocaust in Bor, or after the evacuation of Bor in Hungary or germany. Their works created in Bor survived them miraculously thanks to their comrades liberated in and around Bor.
Numerical modeling of the shear lag effect in GFRP as function of fiber content
Authors: Szinvai Szabolcs , Kovács Tamás
Published: November 2024

With the corrosion resistance of glass fiber reinforced polymer bars, the durability of concrete structures can be improved. The tensile strength of a glass fiber reinforced polymer bar is primarily dependent on the tensile strength of the fibers and the total cross sectional area of the fibers, which are determined by the nominal diameter of the bar and the volume fraction of the fibers. Furthermore, the uneven distribution of fibers due to the manufacturing process may have a degrading effect. However, the shear lag effect also influences the strength of the bar, as it causes an uneven normal stress distribution among the individual fibers of the glass fiber reinforced polymer bars. Numerical modeling of a standard tensile test setup of a glass fiber reinforced polymer bar was performed to investigate the intensity of the shear lag effect at varying fiber volume fractions. Fibers and matrix were modeled separately assuming the matrix as an embedding continuum around the individual, non-contacting, evenly arranged, parallel fibers. The results were in good agreement with the manufacturer's data. The shear lag effect was shown to be more prominent at higher fiber volume fractions.
The determination of the line of interest in a line scan camera-based measurement system
Authors: Forgács Zsófia , Trohák Attila
Published: November 2024

Line scan cameras have found wide applications across various industrial sectors, serving as a valuable tool for inspecting products on conveyor belts and ensuring the quality of bulk materials. At the University of Miskolc, a system using a line scan camera was deployed to measure the rotational speed of high-speed rotating parts. This measurement process has already proven its effectiveness. The success of the measurement heavily depends on the system's ability to identify suitable measurement points within the image. This paper demonstrates the process of selecting these measurement points, the line of interest, in a dynamic setting through the application of a statistical image analysis approach.
Boric acid-free electrodeposition process and solar–thermal energy conversion of and Ni-carbon black nanocomposite coatings
Authors: Devesa S. , Cavaleiro D. , Santo D. , Gavinho S. , Cunha A. F. , Santos P. , Carvalho S.
Published: November 2024

This work focuses on the development of a multi-layered system, of bright nickel electrodeposited on a steel substrate, and a second layer composed of black nickel either with or without carbon black nanoparticles (CB NPs), aiming for an efficient conversion of incident solar radiation into heat, for the fabrication of solar collectors. The structural characterization, revealed that the bright nickel film was composed of metallic nickel, while the black coatings contained amorphous nickel compounds. SEM analysis unveiled the presence of pinholes on the surface of the bright nickel film, suggesting that the black nickel coating was ineffective in sealing them. The appearance of cracks with the increase in the deposition time was observed. With the nanocomposite of black nickel and CB NPs, these cracks can be avoided and the pinholes sealed. The CB NPs were found to reduce reflectance, enhancing the conversion of solar energy into heat.

Graphical abstract
PERCEPCIONES Y REACCIONES ANTE LAS FAKE NEWS EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS
Authors: Colina Vargas Alejandra Mercedes , Espinoza Mina Marcos Antonio , López Catalán Luis , López Catalán Blanca
Published: November 2024

El avance acelerado de las redes sociales y la creciente preferencia por las noticias en línea ha aumentado la preocupación por la propagación de fake news. La investigación que originó este artículo se planteó como objetivos explorar y analizar percepciones, nivel de conciencia y reacciones de los estudiantes universitarios de Ecuador ante las fake news. La metodología fue cuantitativa, descriptiva y correlacional, basada en una encuesta en línea con preguntas cerradas tipo Likert. Se utilizó un muestreo probabilístico con selección aleatoria de participantes. El análisis estadístico se realizó con Python, considerando frecuencias, porcentajes y pruebas de diferencias y correlaciones entre variables. Los encuestados incluyeron mayoritariamente jóvenes de género femenino en su segundo año de carrera, pertenecientes a las facultades de Derecho y Gobernabilidad y Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales de una universidad particular. La mayoría de los encuestados reconoció las fake news como un problema significativo y su impacto negativo. Se encontró una correlación positiva moderada entre la exposición a noticias falsas y la disminución de la credibilidad en los medios. Estos resultados subrayan la necesidad de desarrollar intervenciones educativas que mejoren la capacidad de los estudiantes para identificar y contrarrestar las fake news, mediante enfoques innovadores y tecnológicos.
Improving mechanical properties of 3D printed mortar through synergistic effects of fly ash microspheres and nanosilica
Authors: Li Leo Gu , Fang Zhi-Quan , Chu Shao-Hua , Kwan Albert Kwok Hung
Published: November 2024

Fly ash microspheres (FAM), being a superfine fly ash, and nanosilica (NS), being an ultrafine amorphous silica, have proven to be useful for enhancing the performance of traditional cement-based materials. To explore the possibility of improving the performance of three-dimensionally printed (3DP) mortars by the combined addition of FAM and NS, a series of 3DP mortars with varying water/cementitious materials (w/cm) ratios, FAM contents and NS contents were made and their performance was evaluated. The results showed that optimising the water reducer dosage could make the 3DP mortars achieve great extrudability, buildability and dimensional stability. The w/cm ratio, FAM content and NS content were the main factors determining the mechanical properties of the 3DP mortar. The co-addition of FAM and NS enhanced the flexural, compressive and bond strengths by percentage increases larger than the sum of the percentage increases owing to individual addition of FAM and NS. Hence, FAM and NS should better be used together to release their synergistic effects for the design of 3DP mortar.
Evaporation of liquid components of a binder used for space composite materials into vacuum
Authors:   Perm State University, Terpugov Victor N. , Kondyurin Alexey V. ,   Ewingar Scientific
Published: November 2024

Currently, technologies are being developed for the creation of large space constructions by curing a prepreg of a composite material with a liquid binder directly in outer space. This raises the problem of evaporation of the active components of the binder into the vacuum of outer space. We study the evaporation of individual liquid components of binding agents that bond composite materials and are intended for use or have already been tested in space structures in orbit. The rates of evaporation into vacuum are determined in the working temperature range. It is shown that the outgassing test certified in space agencies cannot be applied to assess the possibility of using these components in the vacuum of outer space.
Hyperthermic effect in magnetic nanoparticles in the presence of weak orientation fluctuations
Authors:   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Stepanov Victor I.
Published: November 2024

The problem of steady-state oscillation of a magnetically rigid particle in an AC field of arbitrary amplitude and frequency in the presence of weak orientation fluctuations (at zero temperature or for a large particle volume) has been solved. From the condition of solvability of the Fokker-Planck equation at low temperatures, a correct solution for the magnetization of the particle has been obtained. It is shown that the energy absorption over one period of the field (the area of the dynamic hysteresis loop of magnetization) in this case is always higher than for a loop with finite temperature. In other words, for magnetically rigid particles, thermal fluctuations always reduce their heat generation. This conclusion is important for the method of magnetic hyperthermia.
Determination of the MHD channel parameters for improving the homogeneity of electric current
Authors:   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Losev Gennadiy L. , Okatev Roman S. ,   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS
Published: November 2024

The problem of electric current flow in a conductor enclosed in a channel of arbitrary conductivity is solved numerically to estimate the conditions for obtaining a homogeneous electric field. The length of the section at which the value of the radial component of the electric current density does not exceed 1% of the maximum along the channel axis was chosen as a numerical criterion for the homogeneity of the flow. We detected the nonlinear character of the dependence of the length of the section of homogeneous current flow on the aspect ratio of the channel and on the wall thickness. By increasing the channel length at a fixed diameter, it is possible to achieve uniform current flow along more than 80% of the channel length with an aspect ratio greater than 10. The dependence of the length of the homogeneous spreading section on wall thick-ness has a local extremum at wall thickness less than 0.4 of the pipe radius. Depending on the ratio of conductivities of the wall and the medium, the extreme point can be either a local minimum (a well conducting wall) or a local maximum (a poorly conducting wall). The dependence of the length of the section of homogeneous current flow on the length of current conduits is linear, but the slope is determined by the ratio of conductivities of the medium and the wall.
The study of the kinetics of thin-film lithium niobate reactive ion etching in a fluorine-containing plasma
Authors:   Perm State University, Kozlov Andrei A. , Salgaeva Uliana O. ,   Perm State University, Zhuravlev Vladimir A. ,   Perm State University, Volyntsev Anatoliy B. ,   Perm State University
Published: November 2024

The present paper aims to investigate the kinetics of reactive ion etching (RIE) of thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN, X-cut) in a mixture of SF6/Ar with an ICP/CCP plasma without taking into account the real structure of TFLN. The paper provides a description of the RIE mechanism, including as of a topochemical reaction of TFLN etching with the formation of non-volatile etching products (LiF). Series of kinetic curves were plotted. To study the TFLN RIE kinetics, we used the methods of optical spectral reflectometry, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is shown that the TFLN RIE rate is inversely proportional to the pressure during the process and drops by an order of magnitude as the pressure increases from 0.005 mbar to 0.1 mbar. This study is the first to reveal that at pressures below 0.08 mbar, the RIE rate reaches the maximum at a percentage of SF6 ≈ 5%. An explanation for the presence of an extremum at given percentage is proposed based on Langmuir adsorption kinetics theory. The linear dependences of the TFLN RIE rate on the powers at the ICP and CCP sources are shown. It is for the first time that the time dependences of RIE at different stages of the topochemical reaction are demonstrated. Differences in the LiF growth mechanisms on the TFLN surface are shown using XPS and EDS analysis. This study is the first to demonstrate the effect of plasma heating of TFLN on the transition between the induction period and the stage of etch rate growth during the topochemical reaction.
Specific features of the formation of agency of youth and the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic (a case study of Saint Petersburg)
Authors:   The Sociological Institute of the RAS – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Galkin Konstantin A.
Published: November 2024

This article deals with the formation of agency in the elderly and young population groups. The study looks at how the manifestation of agency in the two groups differs in terms of the approach to treatment, attitudes to restrictive measures and to the possibilities of modern medicine in overcoming the new coronavirus infection. The purpose of the article is to identify differences in the formation of such agency in the groups of elderly and young population and to determine its specific features. The empirical basis of the study was semi-structured interviews with young and elderly residents of St. Petersburg. A total of 20 interviews were collected. Within the framework of a comparative study, the author emphasizes that there are differences in the formation of agency in the elderly and youth, and also notes that various everyday situations contribute to the manifestation of agency in young and elderly people in different ways. The study concludes that it was important for young people to form agency regardless of pandemic restrictions and to have the freedom allowing them not to comply with such restrictions. During the treatment of the disease, young people preferred to follow proven trajectories and not to look for possible alternative ways in treatment, did not search for ways to make treatment more effective, while older people showed greater conformal agency in compliance with restrictive measures, but at the same time tried to control their treatment and show a proactive attitude as much as possible. The article also highlights significant differences in the understanding of the general context of the pandemic and the possibilities of overcoming it through the development of medicine and technology.
Motivation of parental participation in activities of children’s public organizations: the scout troop case
Authors:   Russian State University of Social technologies, Vlasova Tatiana A.
Published: November 2024

When studying voluntary assistance practices, it is necessary to consider both the motivation of different categories of volunteers and the characteristics of organizations that are beneficiaries of this assistance. The research presented in this article focuses on the participation of parents in the activities of a scout organization. Various formal and informal children’s organizations and institutions rely on the resources coming from parents. The hypothesis of the present study is that the orientation toward help to be provided to the scout troop by parents is formed by integration closure, which is defined as a system of significant relationships within the community. The empirical base of the research case of the scout troop «Forest Cats» from Izhevsk is based on data from group interviews and surveys (n = 91). The type of activities of the scout troop (adventures, hiking, competitions) promotes the involvement of parents and other family members. The involvement of parents in helping during events leads to the emergence of a sustainable community in which parents know each other and children well. With the support of the community members, potential volunteers move on to regular classes with scout groups. According to the survey materials, parents demonstrate a typical motivation regarding volunteer work perceiving it as a means of involvement in the common cause with their child and as a way to satisfy their desire to be engaged in activities that unite the family. The difficulties reported by respondents are related to their resource constraints: lack of free time and lack of confidence in their skills. At the same time, parents with experience in volunteering reported on the strong orientation toward mutual support within the parent community.
Man as a guide of the divine idea of unity into our world
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Perekhod Stanislav O.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the question about the meaning of human existence as a process of restoring the unity of the world and the role of man in this process. The mission of man according to the Russian religious philosophers of the Silver Age is the organization of life in such a way as to ensure the gathering of the world into a single, integral social system. It is man who is the guide of the idea of unity in our world. Such a spiritual transformation of the world under the guidance of man should be achieved as a result of the organic subjective-objective or spiritual-material unity of the entire world order. The article shows the principle of the development of history as God’s plan for our existence. The law of unity is considered as the unity of all things, a special model of building the world. Unity is presented as the unity of all that exists, as a special philosophical model of building the world. Unity is the principle of the identity of the two worlds (divine and natural). The incarnation of the Deity into humanity is part of the general plan of the universe. The civilizational process is aimed at achieving unity. The article shows the stages of historical development. The historical process is considered as a theogonic process. To restore inner unity, a person must go through all the stages of religious development which represent the three epochs of the theogonic process, corresponding to the three epochs of the world process. The hierarchical structure of man reflects all the stages of cosmic existence. A person represents a microcosm associated with the macrocosm. The transcendent center of human existence is God, so man creates history by realizing God’s plan. The method of achieving unity in all spheres of human activity is striving to achieve the highest moral state of man and society.
Nothingness in the modern physical picture of the world
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Sverguzov Anver T.
Published: November 2024

In modern physics, there is a common statement about the origin of the Universe from «nothing». This directly makes relevant in philosophy not only the interpretation of the problem of the Universe’s origin but also the problem of nothingness. The philosophical problem of nothingness for physics requires a solution, first of all, in philosophy itself. The situation in Russian philosophy is such that natural-scientific ways of solving the problem are offered in two extreme forms – the category of nothingness is either denied or considered in the meaning of «absolute», which is the case of dialectical materialism in the traditional form or the «philosophy of non-existence», with substance understood as matter or «absolute nothingness» respectively. These approaches use a dialectical methodology, therefore they are alternative to each other. The lack of a reasoned philosophical solution to the problem is reflected on the physical level of understanding. The paper notes a distorted understanding of the meaning of the category of nothingness in physics, manifested in the incorrect use of the category «nothing». The study reveals a physical interpretation of the category of nothingness that speaks of wrongfulness of the claims of the «philosophy of nothing» to legitimization of its concept by physical representations. It is indicated that the category of «absolute nothingness» in the physical picture of the world does not make sense. The categorical redundancy in the «philosophy of nothingness» and, as a consequence, confusion in the understanding of the category of nothingness is stated. It is concluded that there is a need for an adequate dialecticalmaterialistic solution to the philosophical problem of nothingness, which requires its revision. Further research could focus on the search for a generally accepted ontological definition of matter, without which the solution to the problem of nothingness cannot be complete.
Malevich and Schopenhauer: the dialog about the non-objective
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Kornienko Alexej G.
Published: November 2024

The article aims to outline the possible ways of reception of Schopenhauer’s philosophy in Malevich’s theoretical works and to compare their philosophical views on a number of key issues. In the light of many recent attempts to discover the source of Malevich’s philosophical views, this study seems not only relevant but also new, since the idea of Schopenhauer’s influence on Malevich has not yet been sufficiently developed in studies by Russian scholars. The sources for the present study are Malevich’s theoretical treatises and articles as well as his letters, records, and notes. The leading method in this research is the comparative method, used along with other methods such as historico-philosophical generalization and reconstruction. In the first part of the study, the author performs an extensive analysis of letters and notes from Malevich to M.O. Gershenzon, layouts of the first edition of Supremus magazine, and translations of Malevich’s manuscripts prepared by A. von Riesen for publication by the Bauhaus publishing house. Having analyzed all mentioned above, the author finds proof of Schopenhauer’s long-term influence on the genesis of Malevich’s theoretical views in the period from 1918 to 1927. In the second part, having conducted a comparative analysis of Malevich’s and Schopenhauer’s philosophical works, the author highlights a number of problematic issues. These are the problems of the relationship between intuitive and rational knowledge, art and science, will and intelligence, mysticism and aesthetics, where the traces of Schopenhauer’s influence on Malevich’s theoretical views are most obvious. In conclusion, considering all the obtained results, the author outlines a number of promising directions for further research on this topic.
CRIME COMMITTED WITH THE USE OF VIOLENCE AS A CONSTITUENT FEATURE OF PART 2 OF ARTICLE 116.1 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Perm State University, Soloveva E. A.
Published: November 2024

Abstract: the article analyses the problem of application of part 2 of Art. 116.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, namely understanding of the feature of a specific subject of crime, i.e. a person with a criminal record for a crime committed with violence. The author, based on literature and judicial practice, substantiates that for qualification of the crime under part 2 of Art. 116.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to take into account the convictions of the person, resulting from the commission of crimes committed exclusively with the use of physical violence. If violence is used in committing a crime, but is not its obligatory, alternative or qualifying feature (for example, it is used by a person to reinforce mental violence in a crime provided by Art. 119 or Art. 163 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), in this case the corpus delicti under part 2 of Art. 116.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is absent.
El impacto del neoliberalismo en Colombia y su incidencia en el ejercicio profesional del Trabajo Social
Authors: Belalcázar-Vásquez Yenny Andrea , Salamanca-Ávila Roberth Wilson
Published: November 2024

Este texto presenta un análisis acerca de cómo el neoliberalismo en Colombia ha promovido transformaciones estructurales, intensificando desigualdades sociales, conflictos y la emergencia de manifestaciones de la cuestión social, que han generado tensiones entre el Estado y la sociedad. De ahí que el Trabajo Social, en medio de las tensiones entre las contradicciones del capital y las luchas sociales, ha generado y participado de respuestas institucionales del sector estatal y privado, en las que la acción profesional se ubica en la intervención con la población a la cual van dirigidas los servicios sociales producto de políticas sociales.
Serviço Social Na Travessia Das Lutas Democráticas De 1960 A 1980: Erosão, Disputas E Tendências Da Formação Profissional Na Fss-Uerj
Authors: Scheffer Graziela , Da Silva Apolinario Karla , Vieira de Oliveira Andressa , Soares Dandara Luiza , Gomes Ribeiro Layenne , Abreu Pires Lavínia
Published: November 2024

O artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa documental que teve como base a catalogação de 266 materiais, cujo recorte analítico incidiu na análise qualitativa de 33 materiais na linha temporal de 1960 até 1985, tratando as disciplinas de Sociologia, Desenvolvimento e Organização de Comunidade; currículos; e os materiais produzidos pelo movimento estudantil. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar as expressões das lutas democráticas1 no âmbito da formação profissional com ênfase na dinâmica institucional e particularidades da Faculdade de Serviço Social da Universidade do Rio de Janeiro (FSSUERJ), visando identificar os processos de erosão do serviço social tradicional, as disputas e as tendências da formação profissional no período estudado.
Being Pivotal: History, Fairness, and Political Action
Authors: Schübel Anna
Published: November 2024

According to Henry Shue, everyone alive today is part of the ‘pivotal generation’, meaning that they have a special responsibility to mitigate climate change. One way to mitigate climate change is through carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. CDR technologies include a range of measures, from afforestation to filtering carbon dioxide from the ambient air. What role CDR should play in climate policy is Shue’s main concern in chapter 4 of The Pivotal Generation: Why We Have a Moral Responsibility to Slow Climate Change Right Now and the focus of my commentary. I begin by presenting Shue’s account of CDR. To define the role CDR should play in climate policy, Shue distinguishes three purposes of CDR: CDR that enhances mitigation efforts; CDR that remedies inadequate past mitigation; and CDR that is undertaken to ‘rescue’ the stranded assets of fossil fuel companies. Shue provides arguments for why we should prioritise enhancement CDR over remedial CDR, and dismisses asset-rescue CDR. The purpose of CDR is essential to our ethical inquiry and to answering the question of how CDR should be undertaken. But our generation is not only pivotal in determining how CDR is done. It is also pivotal in deciding whether CDR is undertaken at all. The moral challenges of CDR must be taken seriously and at the same time the urgency of mitigating climate change may demand that CDR be implemented. The urgency of mitigating climate change provides a rationale for implementing CDR as well as theorizing the non-ideal circumstances of the current situation. This is subject of part 2 of my commentary. This consideration leads me to argue, in part 3, that ‘asset-rescue CDR’ needs to be included in our ethical discussion of CDR. Unlike Shue, I argue that we need to morally examine the case of CDR being undertaken by agents to save their assets. This is especially pressing for corporations from the oil and gas industry. In part 4, I argue that this requires a more nuanced understanding of the moral agency of corporations within the pivotal generation. Instead of dissolving the responsibilities of separate agents into the responsibility of one generation, we should differentiate the responsibilities for carbon removal. I then draw my conclusions.
Is It Morally Justifiable To Pass on Part of the Costs of Pivotal Climate Action to Future Generations?
Authors: Corvino Fausto
Published: November 2024

In The Pivotal Generation (2021), Henry Shue provides compelling normative reasons for members of the present generation to take pivotal climate action: the last remaining hopes that global warming will not spiral out of control lie with them. In this article, I address the question of whether the present generation should bear both the implementation responsibility and the economic costs of pivotal climate action alone. The latter question is particularly relevant because, as several authors have pointed out, the structure of global financial markets would allow the present generation to take full responsibility for implementing decisive climate measures while shifting some of the associated economic costs to future generations. I address the issue on both an ideal and a non-ideal level. First, there are no tangible signs that the present generation is ready to take on pivotal action on climate change – CO2 emissions have reached a new historic peak in 2023, investment in fossil fuel extraction continues, and climate finance targets have so far been missed. Is it morally permissible for the present generation to break the deadlock (for which it is directly responsible) by shifting some of the costs of pivotal climate action onto future generations? Second, what (if any) are the normative reasons why the present generation should refrain from doing so, from the standpoint of ideal theory? I will argue that some form of intergenerational cost shifting with respect to energy transformation is morally justifiable at both the ideal and non-ideal levels.
Who has a moral responsibility to slow climate change?
Authors: Hormio Säde
Published: November 2024

The current humans are the first ones to recognise that action is required on climate change, but the urgency makes us also possibly the last generation to be able to act before major threats are aggravated. I applaud the general message of an urgent call for action in Shue’s book but find that the brushstrokes used for identifying those responsible are a little too broad. The reason for this is twofold. Firstly, it is questionable as to how many of us really know enough about the risks we are leaving future generations with. Secondly, discussion in terms of generations underplays the big differences between the responsibility of different groups of actors within them.
Invisible Harm to Distant Future People: A Reflection on Long-term Climate Change Effect
Authors: Teng Jingsi
Published: November 2024

On a business-as-usual policy, it seems inevitable that people in the distant future will live in a world with a more harmful climate. But can we really harm distant future people? If so, to what extent can we harm them? Derek Parfit’s non-identity problem (1984) has been taken by other scholars, such as David Boonin (2014), to support the idea that, as long as distant future people’s lives are still worth living (though harsh), they cannot be harmed generally since shutting down our business-as-usual would eliminate their very existence in the future. John Nolt (2018) counterargues that they can still be harmed if some of the consequences of our business-asusual makes them worse off, although they benefit in general. In this paper I aim to show how these contemporary theories fail to fully account for the harm we may do to distant future people. Their mere focus on the concreteness of harm has missed something morally relevant. To address this, I argue that “endangering someone” also counts towards “harm”, since it causes the reasonable expectation of injury or death occurring, practically boosts the process of making people worse off, and negatively impacts the victim’s interest not to be endangered. Therefore, distant future people will start to be “invisibly” harmed once they are exposed to reasonably expectable worse-off situations, such as climate change, energy shortage, and environmental degradation in the future, before actual consequences occur.
Climate Finance, Justice, and Political Realism: Shue versus Broome and Foley
Authors: Bernstein Alyssa R.
Published: November 2024

Extraordinarily high levels of funding, together with action on many other fronts, are needed for achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement. According to John Broome and Duncan Foley, global decarbonization requires that fossil fuel assets be bought up, which requires establishing a new international financial institution, a World Climate Bank (WCB). However, as I argue here, important political and economic realities, including those on which Henry Shue rightly bases his moral arguments for political action to address climate change, support my case against the Broome-Foley proposal (BFP) and in favor of a crucially different financial institution, a World Climate Bank for Mitigation, Adaptation, and Resilience (WCB-MAR). Like the bank described in the BFP, a WCB-MAR would function together with a carbon price so as to draw investors’ money away from the brown economy by selling World Climate Bonds; however, unlike the bank described in the BFP, a WCB-MAR would use its revenues only for climate change mitigation, adaptation, and resilience, not for buying up fossil fuel assets. A bank of this new type, if properly designed and implemented, could play a significant role in facilitating decarbonization of the global economy and achievement of the Paris Agreement’s goals.
A Place of Occurrence for Art and Art Education. A Conversation with Flavia Stara and Stephen Muoki Joshua
Authors: Stara Flavia , Joshua Muoki
Published: November 2024

In April 2022, Massimo Meccarelli met Stephen Muoki Joshua, Professor of Religious studies at the Pwani University (Kenya), and Flavia Stara, Professor of Philosophy of Education at the University of Macerata (Italy) in occasion of a meeting of the Project TPAAE – Transcultural Perspectives in Art and Art Education they are leading. This is a Marie Curie Project (https://tpaae.eu/), which aims to investigate contemporary art in Europe and East Africa, and forms of art education on both continents in transcultural perspective. Intrigued by the original object and their innovative approach, we took the opportunity to initiate a dialogue. This interview is a first outcome.
Perugino's Justice. The Frescoes for the Collegio del Cambio between Legal History, Iconography, and Iconology
Authors: Gialdroni Stefania
Published: November 2024

At the end of the 15th century, the Sala dell’Udienza of the Collegio del Cambio in Perugia was decorated thanks to the collaborative work of two of Renaissance Italy’s leading intellectuals, both profoundly linked to the city: Perugino (at that time defined as “the best painter in Italy”), and the humanist Francesco Maturanzio. On the basis of the assumption that there is a need to reconstruct the unity of the human and social sciences in order to break the isolation of legal studies, this paper analyzes the iconography and iconology of the frescoes in the Sala dell’Udienza (i.e. the tribunal of the Cambio) within the wider context of the political role and jurisdictional function of the guild of money-changers in order to understand the “visual language” that the merchants of Perugia used to communicate their own idea of law and justice.
Substitution von Trinkwasser
Authors: Schramm Engelbert
Published: November 2024

Potentiale einer Substitution von Trinkwasser durch andere Wässer wurden für Frankfurt am Main in einer fachübergreifenden Studie mit Hilfe von Sekundärdaten und Szenariobetrachtungen abgeschätzt. Für das Stadtgebiet insgesamt sind sie erst langfristig und mit politischer Anstrengung umfassend realisierbar. Die Verwendung von Betriebswasser könnte ab 2050 nennenswert dazu beitragen, den Aufwand bei der Produktion von Trinkwasser zu reduzieren. Kosten- und CO2-Bilanzen verdeutlichen, dass der höhere Ressourcen- und Energieaufwand für Bau und Betrieb stark von örtlichen Voraussetzungen abhängt.
NUMBER OF SPANNING TREES OF ITERATED TRIANGULATION OF A GRAPH
Authors: Aboutahoun Abdallah , El-Safty Fatma
Published: November 2024

A triangulation of a graph , denoted by , is obtained from by replacing each edge in by a complete graph . In this study, the Laplacian polynomial of is investigated. Moreover, an explicit formula for the number of spanning trees of is determined based on the analysis of its Laplacian polynomial properties. Two complex networks and obtained by iterated triangulations executed to cycle graph are studied. Furthermore, we obtain exact formulas for the number of spanning trees of these complex networks. The validity of the proposed formulas is numerically tested by Matlab.
FORECASTING THE COMPOSITION AND RESOURCE OF THE GROUP OF MILITARY EQUIPMENT OBJECTS AND ANALYSIS OF ITS OPTIONS
Authors:   Central Research Institute of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lenkov E.S.
Published: November 2024

The paper forecasts the composition and resource of the grouping of military equipment (weapons) and analyzes its variants. Possible measures to replenish the composition and resources of the group may be the supply of new weapons to the group, as well as effective maintenance and repair. In order for the group to be able to perform all tasks in accordance with its purpose, it must meet the established requirements for quantitative and qualitative composition. The quantitative composition of the group is determined by the number of weapons of various types available at the moment and ready for immediate execution of tasks. The number of object types and their distribution by type must meet the specified requirements. To maintain the necessary efficiency of the group, it is necessary to replace new ones with new objects of appropriate types, or fundamentally new types, including foreign ones. The last researches in the given subject area which are resulted in a large number of the scientific works solving a problem of forecasting of structure and a resource of grouping of objects of military equipment are analyzed. Analysis of its version of the complex in full does not actually exist. This necessitates the solution of scientific problems of forecasting the composition and resource of the grouping of military equipment and analysis of its options. The mathematical model of the process of spending and replenishing the resource (PVPR) of the group was developed by the method of simulation modeling using a universal programming language of procedural type. This allows, on the one hand, to implement in the model all the essential subtleties of the modeling process and make the program compact, convenient for practical use. 51 Forecasting of the composition and resource of modern weapons and their groups has been carried out. The modes of normative planning of terms of repairs and write-off of objects modeled at the time of resource consumption are considered. Deliveries of new facilities are modeled at times when the residual number of operational facilities in the group falls below the allowable value. For new objects received in the group, PVPR is modeled in the usual way, just as for all other objects. Generation of options for armament grouping and normative planning have been developed. The name of the saved variant is automatically formed according to the following rule: name of grouping - name of type of objects - number of objects in grouping (in brackets) - ordinal number of variant. In the future, this name can be changed in a user-friendly way. You can re-simulate for each of the saved options.