bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Control System of Tropical Intelligent Agriculture in Hainan
Authors: Kan Ying Bo , Wang Ling Ling , Zhang Yi Shan , Liu En Ping
Published: August 2013

Research on intelligent agriculture in our country has attracted great attention of the researchers now, but it is still under discovery. According to tropical agriculture in Hainan to IT's demand, the paper studies the key technology in the development of tropical intelligent agriculture, including automatic test technology, automatic control technology, Internet of Things and so on. This paper analyzes factors that affect tropical intelligent agricultures development, which include agricultural program, agricultural policies and regulations, agricultural technology situation, infrastructure construction, field management and other factors. The thesis builds a model between the development of tropical intelligent agriculture and its affecting factors. A developmental idea of tropical intelligent agriculture in Hainan is proposed on the basis of the model. The thesis analyzes the construction of intelligent agriculture control system in Hainan from the angles of data acquisition, data transfer, data analysis and data feed.
Design of Neural Network Controller Based on FPGA Distillation Column
Authors: Yang Jin Biao , Jia Mo Yi , Su Li Hu , Yao Le Le
Published: August 2013

A study based on FPGA controller, is used to solve the problems of control mechanism of this kind of dynamic process of coal chemical distillation process complex, process variables, controlled variables, it is difficult to establish mathematics model.
Research on Appropriate Automatic Control Model in Rural Waterwoks
Authors: He Lian
Published: August 2013

In rural waterworks automatic control application and development situation are discussed in this paper, aiming at the characteristics of rural waterworks, the design principles of automatic control system are put forward, and the rural waterworks automatic control system model and unit control technology solutions are analyzed, in order to provide scientific and effective means for rural water construction, and promote modernization operation and management level of rural water supply project.
Analysis of the Laminar Flow in the Hydraulic Poppet Valve Based on the Fluent 3D Solver
Authors: Ji Hong , Zhu Wei Guo , Chen Song , Zhao Jing
Published: August 2013

The hydraulic poppet valve is an important basic component in Fluid drive and control technology, whose characteristic of the inner flow filed influences directly the valves performance. The main work is numerical calculation and simulation of flow field inside the cone valve in the hydraulic hammer. The first step is 3d modeling of cone valve. By using fluent software the study analyses and discusses the flow field of hydraulic cone valve including flow velocity field, pressure field and flow line distribution when the valve cores cone angle is 30°, analyses the cause of the vortexes position and strength, and finds out the main reason causing energy consumption.The results of the study show that by the optimal design of the cone valve seat, the density degree of the flow and the size of the vortex is reduced, the energy loss is reduced, negative pressure zone also changes, the noise is reduced and the energy utilization is improved.
Adaptive Control of Pulse Width Modulation Voltage-Source Rectifier with Disturbance Signals
Authors: Liu Bao Bin
Published: August 2013

A nonlinear adaptive controller is proposed for the design of pulse width modulation voltage-source rectifier with disturbance signals of harmonics to achieve reference velocity tracking. The procedure of the robust controller design is developed via improved backstepping method. With the proposed controller, PWM voltage-source rectifiers can guarantee accuracy of output voltage tracking. Global asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system has been proved. The simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the presented method.
A Health Condition Monitoring Method of Aeroengine Gas Path System Based on Consistency Fusion and Neural Network
Authors: Cui Jian Guo , Wu Can , Jiang Li Ying , Qi Yi Wen , Li Guo Qiang
Published: August 2013

Because of the complex structure, poor working conditions and lots of fault modes of aeroengine , it is necessary to monitor the operational status, accurate localization of aeroengine fault and identify fault to improve the safety and reliability of aircraft. Based on consistency fusion, this paper uses probabilistic neural network to monitor health condition of aeroengine and puts forward a combined method of health condition monitoring based on the consistency fusion and the neural network. The results of test show that this method can quickly monitor the health condition of the aeroengine and has certain reference value for other mechanical equipments condition monitoring.
Simplified Analysis of Different Types of Slope Reinforcements in a Rigid Grid-Pile Composite Foundation
Authors: Huang Wen Feng , Mo Hai Hong , Fang Ying Guang
Published: August 2013

The main focus is to present the theoretical methods to analyze the slide destruction reinforced by grass, geogrid, and revetment in a rigid grid-pile composite foundation. The methods are based on the balance condition of the slope. Using these methods, the influence of the internal friction angle of the embankment fill on the reinforced thickness of grass, geogrid and revetment at different slope angles are investigated. The results show that the reinforced thickness of grass, geogrid and revetment decreases with increased the internal friction angle of the embankment fill. The increase in the slope angle contributes much to the increase in the reinforced thickness.
Research on Tensioning Scheme of Spatial Steel Arch Bridge
Authors: Huang Hai Xin , Cheng Shou Shan , Zhang Ying , Chen Pei
Published: August 2013

The arch bridge with oblique arch rib and bending girder, as a special type of structural system,construction control of which is very complex, especially making scheme of tensioning suspenders in view of the spatial mechanical characteristics of girder and arch bearing bending moment and torsional moment inside and outside surface. Take the Tongtai Bridge with suspenders of spatial asymmetric layout as an engineering case, three kinds of tensioning schemes are put forward and carried out a detailed demonstration besed on comprehensively considering the effecting factors such as support reaction and bridge deck pavement. The results show that the recommended tensioning scheme ensures the structural safety in construction process,avoids the concrete bridge deck pavement cracking and bearing void and makes the bridge in better mechanical state,which provide a technical reference for similar bridge construction with complex structural system.
Effect of Crack Statically Growing on Stress and Strain at Crack Tip for Power Hardening Materials
Authors: Xue He , Qiao Min , Wang Zhen Wen , Gong Xiao Yan
Published: August 2013

Crack statically growing would induce the re-distribution of the stress and strain at the crack tip for power hardening materials, and the process of crack statically growing would be affected by the change of the stress and strain at the crack tip. To understand the effect of crack statically growing on the stress and strain at the crack tip, a simulation and analysis of the stress and strain at the stable growing crack tip is performed by using elastic-plastic finite element software for the power hardening materials in this paper, which establishes a foundation for improving the capability of predicting environmentally assisted cracking growth rate in key structural materials of nuclear power plants.
Potato Starch Processing Wastewater Physical Property Estimation Based on Material Properties
Authors: Gao Zhi Qiang , Ding Wen Jie , Xu Jing
Published: August 2013

In order to meet the demand of wastewater physical properties in low temperature, vacuum evaporation equipment design for potato starch processing wastewater treatment, the way is used to collect physical properties data and listed in table, then equations have been gotten from curve fit way with multi parameters calculation expression of potato processing wastewater, multi parameters mainly about: the density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and heat enthalpy, boiling point, heat capacity and engineering calculation formula of concentration with temperature. From then on, physical properties data of potato starch processing wastewater can be easy to get from the formula, just input the temperature and the concentration into these calculation formulas, it is the foundation for design and calculation of process devices.
The Track-Controlling System for Mobile Greenhouse Robots
Authors: Huang Lei , Yang Deng Xiang , Zhu Qun Feng
Published: August 2013

This paper targets on the study of the motion control system for greenhouse robots, and researches into the realization of the linear track control algorithm on robots motion control, demonstrating the feasibility and stability constraint of the algorithms. The author also analyzes the impact of different control parameters on the moving tracks through simulation, then applies the algorithm to the actual robot-controlling, and has designed an effective controlling system for mobile greenhouse robots based on gyroscopes and photoelectric encoder.
Study on Mechanical Automation With Intelligent Control System in Tea Crank
Authors: Shao Chun Bo , Zhang Jian , Wan Yi
Published: August 2013

In this paper, based on the research of the tea intelligent crank technology parameter, we could control the temperature of the tea with the method of controlling the heating resistor through the MCU .We have designed a set of computer control system to provide a basis for the tea production automation in the future.
Affecting Study on Flow Regeneration Noise from Muffler Element with Perforated Plate
Authors: Zhao Hai Jun , Wang Guo Hua
Published: August 2013

Making use of orthogonal experiment design method samples on muffler element with perforated plate are fixed, and a model of total sound power of flow regeneration noise and flow velocity, perforated diameter, expansion ratio, perforated ratio and length of perforated plate to inlet expansion is established, and the model parameters are solved, and quantity research of the noise effect is performed, and spectrum characteristic of flow regeneration noise from the muffler element is analyzed. It is achieved that the perforated diameter and the expansion ratio have important effect on flow regeneration noise, the reducing of the perforated diameter and improving expansion ratio is in favor of the reduction of flow regeneration noise from muffler element with perforated plate, and peak value frequency appears in the middle and high range, and the high frequency may be high velocity air flowing through little holes on the plate.
Anti-Collision Risk Assessment Method Based on Relevance Vector Machine
Authors: Cui Hao Lin , Gan Xu Sheng , Wu Ya Rong , Gao Hai Long
Published: August 2013

In order to improve the safety level of aircraft anti-collision, an anti-collision risk assessment methods based on Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) is proposed. First, RVM learning under Bayesian framework is introduced as well as its basic principle and modeling process, and then on the basis of system point of view an anti-collision risk assessment index system is established, finally, on this basis, RVM assessment model for aircraft anti-collision risk is constructed. It can adaptively adjust the weights of influence factors without analyzing the relationship between various factors in the system. Examples show that, for anti-collision risk assessment, RVM has a novel structure and convenient application, and the result can reflect the actual safety situation.
Factors Affecting Performance of Dual Fuel Compression Ignition Engines
Authors: Mustafa Ali Mohamed , Mohamed Salih Sabir
Published: August 2013

Compression Ignition Diesel Engine use Diesel as conventional fuel. This has proven to be the most economical source of prime mover in medium and heavy duty loads for both stationary and mobile applications. Performance enhancements have been implemented to optimize fuel consumption and increase thermal efficiency as well as lowering exhaust emissions on these engines. Recently dual fueling of Diesel engines has been found one of the means to achieve these goals. Different types of fuels are tried to displace some of the diesel fuel consumption. This study is made to identify the most favorable conditions for dual fuel mode of operation using Diesel as main fuel and Gasoline as a combustion improver. A single cylinder naturally aspirated air cooled 0.4 liter direct injection diesel engine is used. Diesel is injected by the normal fuel injection system, while Gasoline is carbureted with air using a simple single jet carburetor mounted at the air intake. The engine has been operated at constant speed of 3000 rpm and the load was varied. Different Gasoline to air mixture strengths investigated, and diesel injection timing is also varied. The optimum setting of the engine has been defined which increased the thermal efficiency, reduced the NOx % and HC%.
A Camera Self-Calibration for Machine Vision Based on Kruppa's Equation
Authors: Tao Zhao Sheng , Tu Da Wei , He Sai Sai , Ye Jin Jie
Published: August 2013

A camera self-calibration algorithm based on the Kruppas equation has been put forward by decomposing the fundamental matrix on the basis of computing the geometrical static moment. The fundamental matrix could be estimated through the normalized 8 points algorithm in which the centroid of the irregular polygon was calculated by computing the geometrical static moment. The five intrinsic parameters of a camera were calculated in accordance with the optimal target function established from the simplified Kruppas equation and the linear equation about the five internal parameters of a camera. The experiment showed that the five intrinsic parameters of a camera could be realized by this method.
Rock Floor Pressure Analysis of Hydraulic Support
Authors: Wang Zhi , Ni He Ping
Published: August 2013

According to the plastic floor assumptions, the floor pressure distribution law was obtained based on plane force analysis of hydraulic support. In order to compare the floor pressure on the elastic floor and plastic floor, Elastic foundation beam theory was introduced to the calculation of the floor pressure. The results show that the pressure distribution is changed with the changing of the subgrade coefficient. The pressure is trapezoidal distributed when the floor is relatively soft and the plastic floor assumptions is reasonable. In a relatively hard rock floor, the maximum pressure appear near the column nest which is very different from the calculation results based on the plastic base plate assumptions. It is suggested that the soft and the hard rock floor should be treated differently during the design and selection of hydraulic support. .
Modeling Industrial Cost-Benefit Matrix Allocation of Carbon Emission Reduction
Authors: Li Zuo Zhi
Published: August 2013

A Cost-Benefit matrix linear programming model is proposed to optimally allocate industrial sectors layout. The integrated matrix of maximized benefit and minimized cost factors, comprising environmental and technological factors of output, carbon emission and context, is associated with fuzzy factor t to form multiple objective functions. Resulting of the illustrative model implies that carbon emissions less than 3% are appeared from base year to neighboring year after applying the C-B model. Significantly, the optimal method can yield benefits, reduce carbon emissions, and systematically arrange industrial distribution for policy-making.
Influence of Internal Noise on Rhythmic Calcium Bursting
Authors: Liu Xin Lu , Wang Ying
Published: August 2013

The chemical Langevin method is adopted to study effects of intrinsic noise in calcium bursting oscillations. Results show that by changing the cell volume and thus tuning the strength of internal noise the calcium oscillations show different performance. With the addition of small magnitude intrinsic noise the bursting oscillations do not appear irregular, for moderate volumes relative regular bursting oscillations are observed and internal noise shortens the period of bursting oscillations. As the volume decreases, the level of internal noise increases. Thus, for the volume small enough, the level of internal noise becomes so high that bursting behavior is disrupted, resulting in random oscillations. The most interesting phenomenon is that with the decrease of cell volume the bursting oscillations disappear entirely and only spikes remain. This will be helpful for understanding frequency encoding.
An Experimental Research on Quality and Strength of Aluminous Joint by Clinch Joining Technique
Authors: He Yu Lin , Huang Liu Jun
Published: August 2013

Due to its advantages over the spot welding technique, clinch joining technique is applied extensively in the automobile, electrical apparatus, etc. The quality and strength of the joints are the hot issues of the technique, which are severely affected by the processing parameters and die structure parameters. Clinch joining experiments of aluminous sheetsL5 were carried out under various blank holder forces and die structure parameters, and the influence of the parameters on the failure mode, section quality and strength of the joints were analyzed. The results show that the failure of the joints is mainly the shearing and a good section quality and high shearing strength of the joints can be obtained by reasonable processing parameters and die structure parameters.
Optimized Design and Performance Research of the High-Voltage LEDs Chipset
Authors: Zhu Ming Jun , Huang Hong Yong , Guo Zhi You , Cao Dong Xing
Published: August 2013

This paper introduces a technology that 16 LED chips are integrated on a substrate to form a new type of high-voltage LEDs chipset. Monte Carlo method and Finite Element Method simulation are used to optimize the structure for making the best in the luminous flux, luminous efficiency and heat dissipation. Firstly, By the comparison of three kinds of high-voltage LEDs, the vertical structure, inverted trapezoidal structure and trapezoidal structure, the results show that the luminous efficiency of the entire high-voltage LEDs chipset used trapezoidal structure is the highest, the empirical data is 41.522%, which is 2.12 times than the vertical structure; this paper introduces the heat transfer performance of three kinds of high-voltage LEDs, the empirical data are 88.374°C, 82.652°C and 93.725°C. We can see that the vertical structure is the best. This paper also optimizes the high-voltage LEDs chipset, under the circumstances of the constant chip area, we change the area of the single chips, prompting the spacing between the single chips change. We get the best single chip area and single chip change, under this circumstance, we can get the best luminous efficiency and luminous flux.
Adaptive Backstepping Controller to Improve Handling Stability of Tractor-Airplane System on Deck
Authors: Wang Yong Xin
Published: August 2013

This paper presents an adaptive backstepping controller aimed at improving the handling properties of tractor-airplane system on deck. Considering the inertial force of tractor-airplane system produced by coupled roll-pitch-heave motion of ship, a 3-DOF tractor-airplane system model on deck was developed. A stability control algorithm using adaptive backstepping approach based on tuning function is designed to utilize the tractor rear wheel steering as control input. The steering controller keep the behavior of tractor-airplane system on deck tracks the ideal model on the ground and suppress the uncertainties of vehicle parameters. Computer simulations are presented to demonstrate the desired tracking performance of the proposed control approach.
Facile Sol-Gel Synthesis of Mesoporous TiO2 in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Guo Shu , Lu Sheng Xu , Ding Hui , Shi Zai Feng
Published: August 2013

The mesoporous TiO2 particles was conveniently prepared in a room temperature ionic liquid (RTILs) of 1, 3-di-(3-propionyloxy) imdazolium tetrafluoroborate [DiprCOOBF4 system. The obtained materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and N2 adsorptiondesorption analysis. XRD patterns revealed that only rutile phase is formed in the RTILs. The TEM micrographs as well as N2 adsorptiondesorption measurements show that the prepared products exhibited wormlike pore structures. The FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra) demonstrate the carboxylate groups attach via bidentate or bridging coordination to the TiO2 surface.
Semi Physical Simulation of Diesel Generator Set Rotational Speed Control
Authors: Peng Min
Published: August 2013

The paper build simulation model of MTU396 diesel generating sets through the SIMULINK, and then using MATLAB real-time workshop (RTW) to transfer the SIMULINK simulation model into a portable embedded c + + code, in the Visual c + + integrated development environment to develop semi physical simulation system of diesel rotational speed control . The method makes full use of the SIMULINK rich, convenient modeling environment, at the same time plays a powerful hardware control function of VC and the advantages of human-computer interface flexible design. This paper introduces the development of semi physical simulation system with the method of specific steps and realization method.
Development of a Hybrid Technique Utilising Image Processing and Fuzzy Logic for Dynamically Detecting a Movable Colour Object
Authors: Abbas Ayman , El-Geneidy Khaled
Published: August 2013

The drive behind this research is to devise an autonomous method for dynamically detecting a movable coloured object within ambiguous environments. Based on a study of different methods of automation using image processing techniques, those with the highest potential of operating effectively and efficiently in a complex environment of varying light intensity were identified. A hybrid system has been developed which utilises the selected image processing algorithms and fuzzified readings from distance sensors, to extract an identifiable colour area in the acquired image frames. Subsequently the identified colour is used to recognise the blob area within the frame containing the moving object to be tracked. Based on the location and area of this blob, the hybrid system will dynamically identify the exact location of the target mobile object. This system mounted on an autonomous mobile robot constantly monitors the detected object.
Application of Improved Unscented Kalman Filter to AUV Based on Terrain-Aided Strapdown Inertial Navigation System
Authors: Wang Qi , Li Dong , Zhang Zi Jia , Yang Chang Song
Published: August 2013

To improve the navigation precision of autonomous underwater vehicles, a terrain-aided strapdown inertial navigation based on Improved Unscented Kalman Filter (IUKF) is proposed in this paper. The characteristics of strapdown inertial navigation system and terrain-aided navigation system are described in this paper, and improved UKF method is applied to the information fusion. Simulation experiments of novel integrated navigation system proposed in the paper were carried out comparing to the traditional Kalman filtering methods. The experiment results suggest that the IUKF method is able to greatly improve the long-time navigation precision, relative to the traditional information fusion method.
Fuel Optimal Maneuver of Passive and Periodic Circular-Like Satellite Formation: Legendre Pseudospectral Approach
Authors: Xu Guang Yan , Wang Xiao Ying
Published: August 2013

In this paper, an effective method was proposed to formulate and solve a fuel-optimal satellites maneuver control problem using a continuous low-thrust system. The design of the bounded desired final satellite formation is a passive and periodic circular-like formation at critical inclination underperturbation, which adjusts to long-term flying formation. The nonlinear optimal control problem is converted into a nonlinear programming problem by the application of the Legendre pseudospectral method. Due to the design includes the free final time and the precise final condition constraint, fuel-optimal maneuver is more reasonable, thereby it will achieve the minimum fuel consumption.
Design of UART Downloading for Multi-Process Micro-Kernel Embedded OS on ARM
Authors: Yang Wei Ming
Published: August 2013

This paper describes the design and implementation of UART downloading with Ymodem protocol for multi-process micro-kernel embedded operating system on ARM, including overview of commonly used communication protocols via serial port (Xmodem, Ymodem, and Zmodem), key techniques of Ymodem protocol, design of the system call for Ymodem downloading, and programming essentials of shell command rx with Ymodem protocol. A demo example is provided at the final of the paper to show the usage and effect of the shell command. Practice proves that the performance and efficiency of Ymodem protocol is superior to that of Xmodem, while the program structure of it is simpler than that of Zmodem. Therefore, Ymodem protocol is particularly suitable for implementing downloading function with UART for embedded operating system.
Co-Integration Theory-Based Study on Environmental Kuznets Curve of Land Use Change Carbon Emission in Shenzhen
Authors: Hu Ke Mei , Liu Wei Ling , Zhu Jing Hai , Wang Lin , Zhang Lin Bo , Ma Zhong Qiang
Published: August 2013

The carbon emission caused by land use change is a human carbon source only second to fossil fuel combustion, the urbanization process in China is extremely intensified, which carbon emissions effect caused by land use change becomes a key factor to influence China's target of carbon emission reduction. Taken Shenzhen city as a typical case, this study utilizes unit root and co-integration test method to research existence of carbon emissions EKC (Environmental Kuznets Curve) in Shenzhen on the basis of the carbon emissions EKC theory and land-use carbon emissions data of 1979-2010 years, in combination with the existing research foundation. The result proves that, the carbon emission EKC per capita exists in Shenzhen, and the inflection point time of carbon emissions per capita is also calculated for Shenzhen city, which provides new research ideas and scientific guidance for urban carbon emission reduction in China.
Design of Ground Power Information System for EMU
Authors: Peng Min
Published: August 2013

In order to guarantee the operation safety, maintenance and servicing to the EMU often need to stop high voltage power supply, and switch to the ground power supply. This paper proposes a ground power information system of EMU, in this system, industrial field bus is composed of the single-phase power box, socket box and gateway, it is connected to the centralized control cabinet and the self-diagnostic terminal through the hub that constitute the information network, to realize the free transfer and exchange of data, and the centralized information management and control of the whole system, has a good promotion prospects.
A Spatial Optimization for Camera Interior Orientation Parameters
Authors: Li Yu Long , Sun Peng , Dong Ming Li
Published: August 2013

A new calibration method for camera interior orientation parameters is proposed using the known spatial coordinates and the corresponding single photo. Firstly, principle point coordinates, principle distance and exterior orientation parameters are solved by the direct linear method without consideration of distortion parameters. Then, accurate interior and exterior orientation parameters are refined through the process of nonlinear optimization, during which the distance of spatial point to corresponding ray are minimized. Distortion factors of radial distortion, tangential distortion, affine distortion and non-orthogonal distortion are taken into consideration. This paper uses Levenberg-Marquardt optimization method to avoid inaccurate initial parameters influence upon the process of convergence.
A Novel Firefly Algorithm for the Choice for the Site of the Urban Public Transport Station Problem
Authors: Fan Jing Xing , Li Yue Guang
Published: August 2013

In this paper, according to the characteristics of the site of the urban public transport station problem, a mathematical model of the urban public transport station problem was established. A Novel Firefly Algorithm was used to solve the model, with Hezuo city of Gansu Province as example, the algorithm was experimented and the experimental results show that the novel firefly algorithm has better feasibility for the site of the urban public transport station problem.
2-Dimension Polynomial Fitting for the Edge Detection
Authors: Yuan Xiang Rong
Published: August 2013

The gray-scale digital image is two-dimension, most of the previous polynomial fitting methods for edge detection belong to one-dimension methods. The new method of two-dimension polynomial fitting for edge detection is presented. The grey level data of the interest area around the edge in the image are fitted by the two-dimension polynomial function. The edge of interest is identified by finding the maximum of the form of gradient of the fitting function. Because the two-dimension fitting is actually more suitable for the two-dimension image, the fitting results of two dimension method are significantly better than that of the one-dimension method. It is shown through the analysis of the synthesis image that the results of surface fitting and edge identification used of the proposed method are quite good.
Economic Performance Model of New Energy Vehicles Based on Linear Programming
Authors: Wang Yu Ning , Zeng Hui Ming , Hu Bin Xiang
Published: August 2013

In order to evaluate the economy performance of new energy vehicles, the life-cycle cost theory is applied. A formula of quantitative analysis in combination is adopted to have in-depth study on the life-cycle cost of new energy vehicles. Analysis and argumentation are also conducted in comparison pure-electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and traditional oil-fueled vehicles under the condition of present oil price, the analysis result shows that if despite the battery cost, PEV costs the fewest because of the lowest operation costs and energy costs, the cost of HEV is at a middle level. Therefore, customers and manufacturers may become more interested in PEV than in other solutions. Furthermore, a decision tool by setting up a cost model based on linear programming theory is developed, economic influence factors for the application of new energy vehicles are further discussed through sensitivity analysis.
Numerical Investigation of Viscous Laminar Supersonic Flow Past an Asymmetric Biconvex Circular-Arc Aerofoil
Authors: Akram Saif , Hasan Nadeem , Khan Aqib
Published: August 2013

A numerical investigation of two-dimensional unsteady, viscous and laminar compressible flow past an asymmetric biconvex circular-arc aerofoil in supersonic regime is carried out. The focus of the present work is to investigate the effects of variation of Mach number, at two different angles of attack, on the flow and force characteristics on NACA 2S-(50)(04)-(50)(20) aerofoil. The value of Reynolds number is taken as 5x105. The computations are carried out at Mach numbers of 1.25, 1.5 and 2.0 at an angle of attack of α=0° and α=10°. It is found that the aerofoil works well in the supersonic flow and, unlike the conventional symmetric biconvex aerofoil, generates finite lift at α=0° due to stronger shock waves at the lower surface. Moreover, the L/D ratio at α=10° is always found to be more than 2.5.
Numerical Research on Dynamic Response of Underwater Vehicles in the Vertical Tube-Exit Stage
Authors: Zhang Wei Yao , Gao Jing Bo , Miao Zhuang , Wang Cong
Published: August 2013

In the launching stage, the vehicle runs from the tube into the water above. This is a nonlinear and time-varying coupling process of water, structure and gas. This article aims at the dynamic response of the underwater vehicle in the vertical tube-exit stage. According to experimental pressure values on measuring points, the hydrodynamic pressure distribution on the vehicles surface is determined by Cosine Hypothesis. By LS-DYNA, the vehicles FEM model is built, and the hydrodynamic pressure is applied on the model. With numerical simulation, its dynamic response is obtained.
The Communication Protocol Research of Rail Train Safety Monitoring Sensor Network
Authors: Dong Hong Hui , Peng Wen Long , Qin Si Yang , Jia Li Min , Qin Yong
Published: August 2013

Today, the rail traffic as a large capacity public transportation way gets rapid development in the world, in order to guarantee the trains safety, people use train network to monitor the trains real time status. But with the developing of safety requirement, the traditional MVB networks low transmission rate has been unable to meet the train safety monitorings large capacity data transmission requirement, so people put forward the idea of industrial Ethernet. Industrial Ethernet although can meet the requirement of large capacity, high rate transmission requirement, but still in the initial development stage, there has no unified transmission protocol and interface specification, so research on transmission standard of train safety monitoring network with great data transmission capacity has become the new development direction.
GPS-INS Integration Algorithm for Autonomous Vehicle Using Loosely Coupled Integration Architecture
Authors: Iqbal Rashid , Li Zhong Jian , Badshah Khan
Published: August 2013

Inertial measurement unit (IMU) has been widely used for autonomous vehicles navigation. The accuracy of IMU specifies the performance of the inertial navigation system (INS).The errors in the INS are mainly due to the IMU inaccuracies, initial alignment, computational errors and approximations in the system equations. These errors are further integrated over time due to the dead-reckoning nature of the INS, which leads to unacceptable results. These errors need an accurate estimation for high precision navigation. INS is integrated with Global Positioning System (GPS) to estimate the errors and enhance the navigation capability of the INS. Linearized Kalman Filter (LKF) is proposed for estimating the errors in the low cost INS using Loosely Coupled integration approach, which is opted for its simplicity and robustness. Prediction part of the LKF is used during the GPS lag for errors estimation, which is found very effective for low cost sensors. The resulting GPS-INS integration algorithm is evaluated on simulated Autonomous vehicle trajectory, generated from 6-DOF model. The integrated system limits the attitude errors less than 0.1 deg and velocity errors of the order of 0.003 meter per second. Furthermore, it provides an optimal navigation solution than can be achieved from individual systems.
Fatigue Life Prediction of Electronic Chips Based on Singular Edge Field
Authors: Zhu Hong Lai , Weng Lin , Can Yao , Li Yong
Published: August 2013

Due to the initiate failure from the interface of solder and singularity of stress and strain field in the area, new fatigue life laws based on equivalent intensity ranges are proposed. The thermal fatigue tests are carried out. With observation by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the cracks begin from the interface of the chip, and propagate along the interface and/or grow with zigzag shape in the solder. Relative tube voltage drop (TVD) as a parameter is conducted to determine the fatigue damage accumulation and the number of thermal cycles for initiate crack growth. The singular field from the interface edge of the chip is obtained from numerical analyses by sub-modeling technique. Two types of solder materials of Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu and Pb-5Sn with new viscous creep constitutive relationship are used. The constitutive model compose of linear curve for small stress and hyperbolic sine form for high stress, respectively. Two shocks are found in one cycle from numerical simulation. Compared the fatigue life from the experiment observation with the numerical prediction, it is noticed that the new fatigue laws do not depend on an artificial point near the interface edge in a chip, and give reasonable and reliable results.
Management of Parametric CAD Model by External Tools
Authors: Dvořák Karel
Published: August 2013

One of the possibilities how to increase the efficiency of the deployment of tools for design, simulation and preparing of manufacturing technology is linking engineering applications with external tools, providing data for digital model managing. Strategically correctly designed parametric model can be managed by externally provided information. This paper provides examples of three methods using external data. Presented methods are validated during the use in industrial practice and in the preparation of technical staff at secondary schools, colleges and universities of engineering focus. The main objective of the deployment of presented methods is the acceleration of creation of virtual prototypes digital data of varying complexity while maintaining the accuracy of the corresponding geometric and functional requirements for the final product. At the same time these methods can be used to streamline transfers between different data formats of designer data and to allow interventions into the structure of the model without the use of a particular design engineering applications.
CFD Analysis of a Hypersonic Vehicle Powered by Triple-Module Scramjets
Authors: Jin Liang , Wu Xian Yu , Lei Jing , Yan Li , Huang Wei , Liu Jun
Published: August 2013

A numerical investigation has been carried out to study the longitudinal performance of a hypersonic airbreathing vehicle with highly integrated triple-module scramjets. CFD-Fastran is used to evaluate the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle at inlet-open scramjet unpowered mode, and a chemical reacting code ChemTur3D has been built to evaluate the propulsion performance of the triple-module engines at scramjet powered mode. The flow conditions for the calculations include variations of angle of attack at Mach 5.85 test point. The wall pressure and surface friction are integrated to calculate drag, lift and pitching moment coefficients to predict the combined aeropropulsive force and moment characteristics during engine operation. Finally, numerical results is compared with available ground test data to assess solution accuracy, and a preflight aerodynamic database of the vehicle could be built for the hypersonic flight experiments.
An Investigation on Polypropylene/Nylon 66/TiO2 Blend Nanocomposites: Rheological Models
Authors: Asgari Alireza , Ebadi-Dehaghani Hassan , Ashouri Davoud , Mousavian Saman , Ansari Navid Jaberzadeh
Published: August 2013

Nanocomposites based on polypropylene (PP), polyamide 66 (nylon 66) and PP/nylon 66 immiscible blends containing 5wt% TiO2nanoparticles were prepared via melt compounding. The influences of TiO2on the rheology of nanocomposites and blend nanocomposites were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy results revealed the size of inclusion phase was smaller in PP/PA 66/TiO275/25/5 comparing to the PP/PA 66/TiO225/75/5. A co-continuos phase was observed at 50/50 composition. Melt dynamic rheology showed that the moduli of the PP increased with incorporation of TiO2nanoparticles at the moderate frequencies, while this effect was reverse in PA 66 nanocomposite. Several rheological and rheo-morphological models were used for prediction of rheological parameters. The well-known models for rheology of suspensions proposed by Einstein, Roscope and Eilers-van Dijck were successful for prediction of viscosity of PA nanocomposite. Palierne model was fitted to the experimental values especially for the: PP/PA 66/ TiO225/75/5 blend nanocomposite.
Accelerated Carbide Spheroidisation of Chromium Bearing Steel by Induction Heating
Authors: Dlouhý Jaromir , Hauserova Daniela , Novy Zbysek
Published: August 2013

nevitable part of bearing steel processing is soft annealing. Hot formed semi-products usually have unfavorable structure for machining. The lamellar pearlite in semi-products is transformed to globular pearlite by soft annealing. This long-lasting process is usually in practice carried out by annealing in furnace for tens of hours. Furnace processing effectiveness is very often raised by increasing amount of batch mass for one annealing. The time needed for soft annealing is then significantly extended by period necessary for homogeneous heating and slow cooling of the heat. Presented paper shows different way of carbide spheroidisation and steel softening using induction heating of 100CrMnSi6-4 bearing steel. The new process of soft annealing by induction heating is achievable in minutes. This method is appropriate especially for small semi-products and for continuous processes.
Analysis of Mechanism and Main Factors of Honeycomb Weave Honeycomb Effect
Authors: Lin Jian Ping
Published: August 2013

Weave density , yarn size , texture cycle , and so on how to affect honeycomb weaves property and principle are analyzed , with weaving honeycomb textile based on Love structure model of non-plain weave fabric , different density , different organization cycle , different yarn count and different tension . Analysis results is that main factor of affecting honeycomb weaves property is weave cycle yarn numbers .When weave cycle yarn numbers become more big , honeycomb weaves effect is more obvious . Otherwise , under some degree , weave density and yarn size cause to honeycomb weaves effect is not obvious .With experiment and analysis , main reason which is to cause to produce honeycomb weaves is that different yarns of weaves are interlaced according to yarns numbers can cause to different yarns structure to change .
Carbon-Coated, Bismuth-Substituted, Lithium Iron Phosphate as Cathode Material for Lithium Secondary Batteries
Authors: Mo Xiang Yin , Feng Xiao San , Ding Yi , Kang Cai Rong
Published: August 2013

Carbon-coated, bismuth-doped, lithium iron phosphates, LiFe1xBixPO4(0x0.05), have been synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. From the optimization, the carbon-coated LiFe0.95Bi0.05PO4phase showed superior performances in terms of phase purity and high discharge capacity. The structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties were studied and compared to carbon-coated, LiFePO4. The Li/LiFe0.95Bi0.05PO4with carbon coating cell delivered an initial discharge capacity of 145 mAh/g and was 30 mAh/g higher than the Li/LiFePO4with carbon coating cell. Cyclic voltammetry revealed excellent reversibility of the LiFe0.95Bi0.05PO4with carbon coating material. High rate capability studies were also performed and showed a capacity retention over 93% during the cycling. It was concluded that substituted Bi ion play an important role in enhancing battery performance of the LiFePO4material through improving the kinetics of the lithium insertion/extraction reaction on the electrode.
Study on Extraction Technology of Chitin by Plant Lactobacillus Fermenting Shrimp Shell Protein
Authors: Liu Qian Qian , Li Hong
Published: August 2013

The method of plant lactobacillus fermentation was used to get rid of protein and extract chitin of the abandoned shrimp shell. The optimal fermentation technology was studied. The results suggested that the best fermentation process was as follows:fermentation temperature was 38°C, fermentation time was 96 h, glucose quantity concentration was 10%, solid-liquid ratio was 1.0:2.5 (m/v, g: ml), fermentation starting pH was 6.5.Using the optimal tecnology, the chitin yield was up to about 13.5%. This research has remarkable economic benefits and social benefits, and has good application prosptect.
Experimental Bond Performance of CFRP Anchors
Authors: Wu Ying Han , Lin Min Lang , Lin Chich Tsung
Published: August 2013

In this paper, the technique: CFRP wrapping combined with CFRP anchors for RC structural member retrofit and its design criteria are introduced for a start. Experimental investigations [1,2, had been adopted and developed the use of CFRP anchors to provide confinement and improve square jacketing behaviors as well as prevent premature debonding for CFRP wraps. To fully determine the anchorage performance of CFRP anchor, a total of forty five specimens for the fiber bolt and the spread tail, two important components in CFRP anchor, were constructed and tested. The experimental results of failure modes were then discussed. For the fiber bolt, an analytical model for single metallic anchor and the best-fit equivalent bond stress were assessed with the test strength. The proposed design strength was also compared and validated the confidence. For the spread tail, the anchoring strength was tested limited due to the fiber rupture even more than the adhesive interface failure. As a result, the influence for the strength capacity of CFRP anchor was determined. The test data are helpful to analyze the behavior and modify the design criteria for the RC member retrofitted by the CFRP anchor technique.
Light Distribution Design on Different LED Lamp
Authors: Li Shi Bao , Wu Da Ming , Liu Ying , Zhang Ya Jun , Zhuang Jian , Zhang Qiang
Published: August 2013

LED has characters of small size, long life and low power consumption, and it is environmental friendly. These advantages make LED have a huge market in the lighting industry. LED with the light distribution design can meet the requirements of the application under different circumstances. With the acknowledgement of the principles of light distribution design, based on optical engineering software LightTools, we study the light distribution design of LED back light module for direct-down illumination and LED shadowless lamp. After the secondary optics light distribution design of the LED light, its transmittance and uniformity has been noticeably improved. We depict different types of micro-structure on the surface of 3mm thickness PMMA diffuser, test and analysis the optical properties of the diffuser under different microstructure.
Novel Service Lifetime Estimation for an Oil-Damper Rubber Bush for a Railway Vehicle
Authors: Kim Ho Kyung
Published: August 2013

A railroad bogie's components experience repeated loading during service. Especially, the oil-damper rubber bush becomes fatigue fractured on the plane between the rubber and the steel stem during service, and this results in inferior performance of the bogie. In this study, in order to offer a proper maintenance method for the bush, a novel service lifetime estimation for an oil-damper rubber bush operating under different repeated loads was proposed by normalizing the degrading rate of its spring constant. When 13,720 N, 11,760 N, and 9,800 N of repeated loads were applied to the rubber bush, final damage fraction was shown to be 63.7%, 50% and 40%, respectively. The normalizing lifetime (N/Nf) can be predicted as a function of damage fraction (D/Df), regardless of the load amplitude, as follows: N/Nf = 0.043 + 0.376(D/Df) + 0.489(D/Df)2.
Acquiring Evaluation Data of Health Habits and its Application
Authors: Cai Xing Quan , Shi Qian Qian , Duan Li Na
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we present one method of acquiring the evaluation data of health habits using FitBit sensor. After registering in Fitbit.com, we create a customer client based on OAuth protocol and obtain the authorization of operational resources. Then we access to health habits assessment data, and complete data visualization. Finally, we provide the experiments results. The experiments results prove our method is feasible and valid. Our method has been used in our practical application.
Five DOF Pneumatic Vehicle Vibration Model and Stability Analysis
Authors: Wei Chun Li
Published: August 2013

This paper analyzes the object vane motor and composite solar energy environmentally friendly cars , focusing on its air motor drive way , abstracted into five degrees of freedom vibration model vehicle , mathematical modeling , its stability and reliability analysis of research , and to optimize its speed and acceleration , and proved its stability and reliability of data through a lot of practice .