bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reutilización de aguas negras mediante un sistema de biofiltros en el cementerio ecológico de Huancayo, 2021
Authors: Ato Pino Alexander Jhon , Castillo Rodriguez Maria Nelly
Published: June 2023

El agua es esencial para la supervivencia de todos los organismos vivos. Por lo tanto, la reutilización de aguas residuales domésticas para fines de agua no potable es una probable solución para las áreas más necesitadas en agua en todo el mundo. La descarga de aguas residuales domésticas e industriales en los recursos hídricos superficiales y subterráneos es extremadamente dañina para el medio ambiente. La tecnología de biofiltración es una plataforma de tratamiento versátil que se aplica para el tratamiento de agua potable. Se logra cuando los desinfectantes no pueden pasar por un filtro, los microbios crecen y se desarrollan en medios granulares y finalmente conlleva a la aparición de biopelículas activas. El objetivo del siguiente artículo es ofrecer al distrito de Huancayo, Perú una alternativa para reciclar las aguas residuales en esta localidad. Los resultados de este trabajo permitieron el diseño de biofiltro para el tratamiento de agua servidas de la ciudad de Huancayo, en Perú para ser utilizado en el cementerio ecológico de dicha ciudad. El caudal a ser manejado durante el tratamiento de aguas servidas fue de 0,35L/s; esto permitió un bioflitro con las siguientes características: 13,78m de largo y 6,89m de largo con una profundidad de 0,8m adecuados para el tratamiento de estas aguas servidas. Los cálculos de degradación de materia orgánica según los parámetros de DBO y DQO permitieron una remoción de la carga orgánica de 78mg/m2 al día. Estos resultados fueron excelentes para poder mantener la calidad de vida del ecosistema.
Evaluation of Spleen with Ultrasonography: Single Measurement or Volume Detection?
Authors: METİN Olga , GURBUZ Defne
Published: June 2023

Introduction
Splenomegaly is an important finding for many diseases. Splenic long axis greater than eleven cm are investigated and sometimes invasive examinations are performed. Splenic size may differ depending on the age, gender, body mass index and racial differences. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between splenic dimensions and volume in the patients attended to gastroenterology outpatient clinics
Material and Method
Patients without a known disease and applied to gastroenterology outpatient clinic needed basic evaluation with ultrasonography are included in the study. A single skilled radiologist performed ultrasonographic measurements. Splenic volume is calculated by prolate ellipsoid formula (length × width × depth × 0.523).
Results/Findings
A total of 245 patients (146 female, 99 male) were enrolled in the study. In correlation analysis of spleen volume was positively correlated with height (r=0.505; p<0.05), weight (r=0.367; p<0.00), waist circumference(r=0.208; p<0.05), and body surface area (r=0.269; p<0.05) and negatively correlated with age (r=-0.269; p<0.05). ın logistic regression analysis, the main determinants of maximal length were found to be body surface area (BSA), age, and weight.
Conclusion
Splenic volume measurements are the mostly correlated with width of spleen. Splenic volume decreases with age and correlated with BSA and weight. Measuring splenic volume may be helpful in detecting splenomegaly.
Distressed Adolescent in Subima Misra’s Select Stories: An Anthropological Study of Indian Childhood
Authors: Dr. Utsarga Ghosh
Published: June 2023

Critically speaking, Indian societies tend to ignore unusual behavior or psychosexual crisis in a child or teenager. This paper attempts to tap some of those uncomfortable nerves of Indian childhood and debate some of their challenges through the lens of Indian family structure. Contextualizing some of the crucial stories of Subimal Misra, a prominent and powerful voice of Modern Bangla literature, this paper, again, sympathetically but scientifically negotiates different relations of Indian household and their effect on the psychosexual growth of a child or teenager. It attempts to ask, though not limited to, these following sets of questions: How does the presence of a mother and her behavior affect the child? What are the psychological dilemmas that push a teenager to unidentified rage and revengeful attitude? How does society influence the formulation of a veneer into a teenager? It is curious to note that the stories under consideration here, like Will You Preserve Your Chastity, Aparna (1987), or Here’s How We Wring a Quarter of Lime (1989), are ‘about’ children but not ‘for’ children. With the help of an anthropological point of view, this paper problematizes family relations, imposition of social choices, and their gaps.
Dynamics of Rationality and Irrationality in The Painter of Signs
Authors: Dr. Manjushree M
Published: June 2023

R. K. Narayan occupies a significant place in the Indian literary scene. He remains one of the most read, cherished, and appreciated novelist and is an integral part of the University curriculum. The Painter of Signs (1976) is a well-known novel by R.K. Narayan. The text provides a beautiful scope to unearth the intricate dynamics of rationality and irrationality distinction that in fact provides much content for the plot of the novel. The present paper makes an attempt to explore the dynamics of the conceptual framework of rationality and irrationality distinction through a scrutiny of certain instances taking place within the space of the novel.  The paper also tries to illustrate that the criticism made by the main protagonists, Raman and Daisy using the conceptual framework of rationality and irrationality are targeted towards ritual practices prevalent in Indian society. Thereby, the paper attempts to build a background to make intelligible the comments and attitude of the main characters towards the incidents taking place around them. At the same time, the paper explores the way in which the novel thus provides a significant space to examine the interplay and dynamics of the framework of rationality and irrationality and how it can impact one’s experience of life.
Once Upon a Time in Biafra: War Time Caucus, Hate Crime and Ethnic Violence in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun
Authors: Dr Kirti Jha Kulshreshtha  , Dr. Chinmay Kulshreshtha
Published: June 2023

A study of wartime literature also serves the function of documenting and preserving the stories and key experiences which the victims have witnessed through their forbearance in such events. While hate crime, caste conflicts, communal violence and ethnic violence are indispensable discourses in the study of criminal justice system, a parallel study of hate crime and ethnic violence through the kaleidoscope of contemporary Nigerian literature would be equally influencing. For any civil war, citing one cataclysmic reason is never justifiable. In the late 1960s the political and social climate in a multi- ethnic country like Nigeria was brimming with religious and tribal differences, the immediate reason that triggered the unfortunate civil war in Nigeria was ‘hate speech’ of the political leaders and military commanders.  Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, a third-generation Nigerian woman writer reminisces this civil war through her novel Half of A Yellow Sun (2006) in which the scarring memoirs of genocide, war time rapes, ransacking of houses and property, mass killings, forced conscription and forced prostitution of young girls are captured with the intent to highlight the menacing minds of war driven humans. It is true that Hate crime is more destructive and dangerous when it finds such secessionist atmosphere as would ignite ethnic violence and deeper still into a full-blown civil war. Through this paper an evaluation and analyses of the hate crime during the Nigeria-Biafra Civil War would come under scrutiny through the literary promontory of Nigerian novel Half of A Yellow Sun.
Class Struggle: Money, Power, Oppression, and Resistance
Authors: Daniel Olufemi
Published: June 2023

The paper contributes to the lifelong dialogs about the capital-labor conflict between the upper-class (bourgeoisie) and the working-class (proletariat). It unpacks the ideological underpinnings driving the insatiable quest of the capitalist class for profit, power, interminable exploitation of the working class across ages.  The paper underscores the knack of the upper-classes to exert limitless authority over the working classes given their control of the means of production in ways that include dictating the working conditions, wages, hours of work, and engaging the apparatuses of the state – laws, judiciary, police, and army – as detailed by Althusser, to enforce their compliance with capitalist ideals (80). It ascribes the continued failure of the working-class to successfully resist and overthrow the brutal capitalist machinery to encumbering False Consciousness; described as a mental trap that propels the class to accept and naively participate in their own economic oppression. The predilection of the members towards individualized forms of resistance as against forming formidable alliances across interest groups to pursue collective action is equally found culpable. Alongside forming alliances, the author suggests outright rejection of bourgeois ideologies which permeate the major spheres of the society and their replacement with the workers’ own ideological alternatives as imperative. Consistent with Marx’s submission, workers’ ownership of the means of production to produce their own necessities rather than continually selling their labor for a living wage is considered expedient in their struggle to disable the capitalist machinery system (571). This is coupled with textual analysis of media and popular culture, for example, newspapers, television, advertising, games, and films, by the audience; mostly comprising the working class, to unearth and disavow the entrenched capitalist ethos.  The paper examines two films that exemplify how the capitalist class systematically exploits their subjects with feeble resistance.
Mapping the Exploration of Identity and Diasporic Belonging: A Literary Study of the Discourse in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Whereabouts
Authors: Dr. Sunil Kumar Dwivedi
Published: June 2023

Diaspora is studied in the historical and ethical background of migration of human beings. It is well known for its dislocation, disorientation, uprooted culture, fractured identity, multilingual or multicultural aspects of learning in the history of human migration. It has been studied in the different fields of knowledge and theory, having significant causes and effects of new exploration. In literature, it is studied with the straddle culture of human beings. Most of the diasporas are found unexplainable in the matter of identity formation. The literary and social term ‘diaspora’ is derived from Greek word ‘diaspeiro’ which means ‘to scatter’ or ‘to spread about’. It comprises of the Greek preposition ‘dia’ and verb ‘speiro’. Dia means ‘through’ or ‘between’ and ‘speiro’ means ‘to sow’ or ‘to scatter’. In this way, the word ‘diaspora’ means the scattering of population or the spreading of population across the region they are originated. The conceptual study of diaspora goes back to the human history and was initially used by the ancient Greeks to describe their scattering population all over the world. For the ancient Greeks, it was signified for migration and colonization. In the present context, ‘diaspora’ is read with the taste of modernity in the conceptualization of human migration, having actual feeling or feeling of others in the foreign landscapes. The present paper aims at the diasporic identity as well as the whereabouts of the narrator in the exploration of Jhumpa Lahiri in her latest novel, Whereabouts published in the Italian language in (2018) and translated by herself in (2021). By examining the characters’ quest for a sense of place, negotiation of cultural hybridity, and their grappling with multifaceted identities, this research aims to elucidate the nuanced tapestry of diasporic experiences evident in Lahiri’s literary corpus.
Contextualized Question-Embedded Video-Based Teaching and Learning Tool: A Pathway in Improving Students’ Interest and Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Malaluan Jeerhic , Andrade Rose
Published: June 2023

Filipino students exhibit lower levels of performance in mathematics and science competency compared to neighboring countries based on national and international surveys. The root cause of this issue is the decline in students’ interest in learning mathematics alongside their insufficient critical thinking skills. This has posed challenges among mathematics teachers to innovate ways on how to enhance students’ critical thinking skills and motivate students towards better performance in mathematics. The primary objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a contextualized question-embedded video-based teaching and learning tool on the interest and mathematical critical thinking skills of Grade 10 students. The study used a descriptive experimental research design with the REACT and Socratic methods to contextualize and embed questions in the video tool. A survey questionnaire was used to assess students’ interest before and after utilization, and a pretest and posttest assessment was conducted to evaluate students’ interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference skills. Based on the findings, using a contextualized question-embedded video-based teaching and learning tool is effective in increasing students’ interest and critical thinking skills. Moreover, there was a significant difference between students’ mathematical interest in terms of their attitude, initiatives, mathematics experience, and the utilization of contextualized question-embedded video-based teaching and learning tool. The pretest and posttest results of the experimental and control groups also showed significant differences in critical thinking skills. The study concludes that using contextualized question-embedded video-based as teaching and learning tools effectively improves students’ interest and critical thinking skills in Mathematics. Further larger-scale studies with different grade levels can validate the findings of the current study.
HYMNES NATIONALES EN LANGUES NATIONALES ET PROMOTION DES VERTUS ETHIQUES POUR UN VIVRE ENSEMBLE SEREIN
Authors: Emmqnuel Nforbi , François Feudjio , Johnson Ngwang Sule , Ernest Njifon , Chanceline Matchoupou
Published: June 2023

L'hymne est un symbole patrimonial fort significatif traduisant l'unité du genre humain, hommes et femmes, par la joie de vivre, l'amour et la richesse d'une nature offerte par Dieu. Il est porteur d'un idéal de liberté concrétisé par l'accès à souveraineté, les hymnes des pays d'Afrique francophone résultent d'un processus de création qui met en lumière des images souvent oubliées de l’histoire des pays fortement diminuée par le leg colonial. Le présent travail de recherche intitulé hymnes nationales en langues nationales et promotion des vertus éthiques pour un vivre ensemble serein » porte sur la modernisation systémique de là cette dernière, notamment dans le domaine spécifique, celui de la langue et du numérique. En effet, le problème que ce sujet pose est celui du développement, de l'optimisation de la diffusion des savoirs précieux dont regorge la langue à travers les chansons populaires de ralliement. Dans ce travail, nous présentons d'abord ce qu'est la promotion d'une langue, ensuite nous nous intéressons à quelques sites œuvrant dans la promotion des langues nationales et enfin, nous analysons ces sites afin de relever les manquements et proposer un exemple de page web pour une promotion efficace de celles-ci. Pour traiter ce sujet nous avons fait appel à des méthodes et à des approches telles que la sociolinguistique et l'entretien. Il ressort de nos investigations que la langue est un élément indispensable pour la transmission des savoirs culturels et par ricochet une reconnaissance identitaire d'une culture spécifique. En plus, internet est un moyen pour promouvoir et pour sauvegarder cette identité culturelle.
The Role of Patanjali Yoga in Communication: A Critical Study
Authors: Yesmin Nilufa
Published: June 2023

Yoga has the power to change this and turn challenges into possibilities. It can also influence people’s positive perspectives. To reach greater goals, one can improve cognition, use setbacks as stepping stones, and advance in life. Yoga has a methodical approach to self-realization that is not time-bound. A constant effort is made to improve oneself. We must learn to become “Observers” if we are to develop our personalities and progress towards harmonious perfection, much like a doctor must first become an observer before engaging in clinical practise and treating patients. A rational and scientific method of self-discovery is yoga philosophy. Adibhautik, Adidaivik, and Adyatmik are the three elements of human life that yoga addresses. The philosophical definition of communication states that it is an inward quest for the genuine self or a means of obtaining the true knowledge. It suggests that communication and yoga philosophy must be connected. An outline of the connections between Patanjali Yoga Philosophy and Communication is presented in this review essay.
Drug Addiction among Adolescents: An Analysis in Indian Context
Authors: Kamini
Published: June 2023

When a person uses drugs frequently, their brain gradually alters and becomes more susceptible to addiction. The transition from voluntary drug use to obsessive drug use reflected in changes in cognitive natural inhibitory and rewarding regions, prevent an individual to resist the need to use drugs despite the consequences that characterize addiction. Due to a diversity of potential factors, people are more vulnerable than others. One significant risk factor is having stressful early life events, such as abuse or other types of trauma. Teenagers experienced physical or sexual abuse more prone to drug use problems. Further significant factors include genetic predisposition, parental neglect and lack of monitoring, and friendships with fellow drug users. This paper studies Drug addiction among adolescent in Indian context.
A Historiography of Rajbangshi Literature
Authors: Barman Banani
Published: June 2023

The rich cultural past of the Rajbangshi people is reflected in the historiography of Rajbangshi literature, which offers an engrossing tale. This paper intends to investigate the historical growth and evolution of Rajbangshi literature, highlighting the various socio-cultural influences that have influenced its course.The Rajbangshi people are an indigenous group that is mostly found in the Indian states of West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, and Bangladesh. They have their own distinctive language and culture. Poetry, folk ballads, folk tales, dramas, and novels are just a few of the many genres represented in their literature, all of which offer insights into their social, historical, and political realities. The development of Rajbangshi literature and its interaction with local, linguistic, and colonial factors are critically examined in this historiography. It explores the early oral traditions and folklore idioms that formed the basis for Rajbangshi literary productions. The paper studies the contributions of significant Rajbangshi writers and focuses on their ideological viewpoints, stylistic advances, and subject interests. The study also examines how Rajbangshi literature promotes cultural identity, questions societal norms, and addresses current concerns including immigration, language assimilation, and land rights. It also looks at how important literary movements, including the Bengal Renaissance, impacted the growth of Rajbangshi literature and its interaction with more general literary currents in the area. It aims to contribute to the greater conversation on underrepresented literary traditions by highlighting the socio-cultural importance of Rajbangshi literature within the broader framework of regional literature. This study aims to promote awareness and acknowledgment for this unique literary legacy by providing light on the historical and cultural aspects of Rajbangshi literature. It also emphasises how crucial it is to keep Rajbangshi literature alive and well for future generations in order to maintain the literary landscape's overall richness.
FATORES QUE AFETAM A ACEITAÇÃO DA ALIMENTAÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Da Silva Ribeiro Thamires , Narciso Pitlovanciv Giovanna , Miranda Barcelos Magali , Teodoro Tribst Lilian , Batalha Alves da Silva Naiane , Marcolino Cavalcante Luciana , Barbosa Bethoven Henrique , Almeida de Assis Costa Henrique , Rodrigues da Silva Maria Luzinete , Hernandes de Abreu de Oliveira Salgueiro Marcia Maria
Published: June 2023

INA alimentação escolar no Brasil, por meio do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, é uma política que visa garantir a alimentação saudável nas escolas. Esse estudo teve por objetivo identificar os fatores que influenciam a aceitação da alimentação escolar, o qual se deu a partir da revisão narrativa da literatura, obtida por meio das bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online, National Center for Biotechnology Information e Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, encontrou-se 38 artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. A partir da análise crítica da literatura, foram encontrados seis fatores que interferem diretamente na aceitação da alimentação escolar. Conclui-se que os fatores que interferem na aceitação da alimentação escolar são: atitudes comportamentais e preferências alimentares das crianças; inadequações de cardápios nas escolas, falta de padronização no porcionamento e de avaliação da aceitação das refeições oferecidas aos escolares; ausência de nutricionistas no âmbito escolar e suas implicações no cumprimento dos objetivos do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar; falta de ações educativas promotoras da aceitação da alimentação escolar; dificuldades de estrutura e fiscalização dos gestores do programa e  podem ser revertidos por meio da presença do nutricionista e fortalecimento de órgãos e o estigma social negativo da alimentação escolar considerada de caráter assistencialista.
Exploring the Factors Influencing Job Finding in Afghanistan (Case study Shaikh Zayed University Economics Graduates 2019-2022)
Authors: Mofleh Abdul Fattah , Mangal Mamordin
Published: June 2023

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of academic performance (Percentage grade), English proficiency, computer skills and personal contacts (recommendations) on job finding of Shaikh Zayed University Economics faculty graduates. To achieve this objective an accidental sampling technique was used in the selection of the samples. A total of 86 respondents who have graduated from the economics faculty of Shaikh Zayed University between 2019 and 2022 and have gotten jobs were used for the study as per Yamane sample size method. The major instrument for data collection was a google form questionnaire titled factors affecting Job finding for SZU-Economic graduates (FAJFSG). It was designed by the researchers with the aid of 3 research experts to establish its validity and reliability. The ranking of the factors was recognized by using Garrett ranking technique. The result of the analyses showed that percentage grade of the graduates is the first and highly significant factor influencing job finding of the graduates after graduation, while computer skills, English proficiency and personal contacts (recommendations) were ordered as the second, third and the fourth significant factors. Based on these findings, it is recommended, that the university students should consider securing high level of percentage grade as the first priority, good skills in computer at the second, fluent English proficiency at the third and supportive personal contacts at the fourth priority to find a job after graduation in the contemporary labor market of Afghanistan.
Doppler Ranging Solution Derived Based on the Relationship between Frequency Shift and Path Difference
Authors: Yu Tao
Published: June 2023

Based on the mathematical definition of Doppler change rate, a single base Doppler ranging formula based on Doppler shift measurement has been obtained by differential processing. In this paper, the single base Doppler ranging equation is deduced again based on the double base path difference ranging equation and the interchangeable relationship between frequency shift and path difference.
Collaborative Actions to Enhance Effective Teacher Skills
Authors: Tornee Siriwattana , Sanrattana Wirot
Published: June 2023

The project of the "Collaborative Actions to Enhance Effective Teacher Skills in Ban Nong Hua Wua School" was one of the research initiatives that aimed at enhancing the professional development of teachers to align with the new educational paradigms of the 21st Century. The project involved practical activities aimed at fostering collaborative efforts toward improving the skills of teachers at Ban Nong Hua Wua School. The present study employed the Participatory Action Research methodology, which is comprised of four iterative phases of Planning, Acting, Observing, and Reflecting. The study was conducted over two cycles, each comprising one semester of an academic year, specifically during the Academic Year of 2022. There are three goals in research: (1) Positive changes would occur following the implementation of the project, both in terms of the teachers’ professional development practices and the enhancement of the teachers’ skills. (2) Learning outcomes, resulting from the project's participatory approach, would be evident at the individual, group, and school levels. (3) The knowledge gained from the practical experience in the context of Ban Nong Hua Wua School should be used as a model for the continuous self-development of teachers in the future. Six teachers participated in the research project and were the target group for development. The study involved three phases of comparison: before the first cycle of practice, after the first cycle of practice, and after the second cycle of practice. The findings were as follows. Firstly, the implementation of the project had resulted in positive changes as expected. The teacher-researchers had demonstrated a higher level of practice and had improved their Teacher Skills. Secondly, the researcher, the teacher team, and the school recognized the importance of the statement: "Teachers and schools must never stop learning, never stop developing themselves, and never stop developing their teaching practices that impact students' learning." Teachers should be learners themselves, and schools should be organizations that promote learning. Teachers should strive to develop themselves to keep pace with the rapidly changing society, especially changes in the field of digital technology. They should utilize the widely available new knowledge found on the internet to benefit their self-development and work. Thirdly, the knowledge, which was gained from collaborative actions, will be used as a model for continuous self-development in the future. This model illustrates the cause-and-effect relationship between the driving forces for change, the factors that hinder change, and the ways to overcome obstacles until successful results are achieved. It is called the "Collaborative Actions to Enhance Effective Teacher Skills in Ban Nong Hua Wua School Model."
METODE DEMONSTRASI UNTUK PENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FIQIH DI MI ULUMUDDIN GUDO JOMBANG
Authors: Mustofa Ali , Fiqruddin Ahmad
Published: June 2023

The background of this research is the author's attention to the teaching and learning process of fourth grade students at MI Ulumuddin in the Fiqh subject, there are still many students who seem to lack understanding and enthusiasm in participating in each learning process, thus affecting student learning outcomes in learning. The purpose of this study was to find out: the application of the demonstration method in learning, and improving student learning outcomes at MI Ulumuddin Gudo Jombang in the academic year. This research is a type of field research (field reserch). Researchers used data collection techniques through observation, interviews with school principals, grade IV teachers, and grade IV students and through documentation. The data analysis technique used is by means of data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study show: First, the application of the demonstration method to the Fiqh, namely the initial stage is for the teacher to make a lesson plan. The second stage is the process of applying the demonstration method. The third stage is assessment with the teacher giving assignments to students. The steps for implementing the demonstration method are the teacher giving greetings and greetings to students, then the teacher conveys the learning objectives, then the teacher explains the prayer material to students, after that the teacher practices the material in front of the class, after practicing the teacher appoints one of the students to demonstrate the material that has been taught. explained with their friends, after the students demonstrated the teacher gave conclusions or evaluations and gave assignments in the student book related to prayer material. This method can overcome the monotony of students and make students active in the lesson.
STUDY OF CHILDREN'S LITERATURE AS TEACHING MATERIAL FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN LEARNING MORAL CHARACTER OF STUDENTS
Authors: Azmi Alwi Nur , Agasi Diren , Surya Perdana Andika , Sya’idah Nadia
Published: June 2023

Problems regarding character and morals that occur in elementary school students are a hot topic of discussion. The character and moral crisis that is happening to the Indonesian nation today is extraordinary. In recent years, we are often presented with information about how corrupt and depraved the morals of students are. Starting with cases of sexual harassment that occur in children which makes us very sad. The fact that has happened is the shared responsibility of all groups, be it the family, teachers, government, and the social environment where the child is. Thus, children's literature becomes a solution to make improvements to the character and morals of students. Children's literature must be re-presented and intended to the maximum for students. The purpose of this research is to describe how the study of character and moral teaching in the Story of a Fairy Tale and to provide input for children's literature is used as teaching material that is entertaining and fun for students.
DIGITAL INDIA: WHERE KNOWLEDGE IS STRENGTH AND EMPOWERS THE PEOPLE
Authors: Ahmad Dar Showkat , Nagrath Dolly
Published: June 2023

The phrase "Digital India" has become India's catchphrase for the 21st century. Digital India is the result of a great number of technology advances and new inventions that have been developed over time. Prime Minister Narendra Modi is credited for being the driving force behind the "Digital India" plan. The ambitious Digital India initiative has been launched by the government of India. This initiative seeks to connect and deliver government programmes and services digitally while also mobilizing the IT capabilities of government departments across the country. The ultimate goal of this initiative is to transform India into an informed economy and a digitally empowered society with good governance for citizens. Without a doubt, the beginning of the digital revolution can be traced back to the first time digitization was implemented. The BJP government in India is responsible for the realization of this dream. As a direct result of this goal, the government has worked to increase internet connectivity as well as online infrastructure in order to make public services available to all people of the country, especially those who live in remote areas. The purpose of the initiative was to support India in its efforts to become a more economically and technologically developed nation. Before it can be properly implemented, there are a number of challenges that need to be conquered first. The purpose of the study is to shed light on the potentials as well as the inadequacies of the digital India programme.
LEGACY OF UTPALA DYANSTY IN KASHMIR WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AVANTIVERMAN FROM (855-883 A.D) A HISTORICAL STUDY
Authors: Ahmad Lone Shabir
Published: June 2023

Most people consider Jammu and Kashmir to be heaven on earth. If there is heaven on earth, it is this, this, and this, according to the Farsi couplet (Amir Khusrau). The couplet encouraged numerous kings to exercise control over Kashmir. In the metrical chronicle known as Rajatarangni, dynasties in ancient Kashmir that dated from the time of the Mahabartha epic to the reign of Sangrama Deva are vividly portrayed. Of all the kings of ancient Kashmir, Avantivarman, who established the Utpalas dynasty in 1855 A.D., was the most magnificent. He didn't start any battles, not even to retake the areas that his forefathers had recently lost. In terms of prosperity, he ruled during the rippling times of peace and plenty, which coincided with Kashmir reaching its pinnacle around a quarter of a century into his rule. The people had never been happier than they were in his day, nor had they been for generations. Therefore, Avantivarman rule represents a very wonderful era in Kashmir's history. A new period in that nation's history began with Avantivarman taking control of events in the valley. His rule not only provided respite to Kashmir's suffering people, but it also significantly restored the Karkota's former luster, as will be seen. Avantivarman, a descendant of the Kalyapala family and the grandson of Utpalas, who had played a crucial role in the final years of the Karkota monarchy, was previously mentioned. Avantivarman has the traits of intellect and heart that allow him to be recognised as one of the valley's most capable kings, while not being by any means a member of some aristocratic and distinguished family. The study's goal is to explain and analyze Avantivarman legacy and reign during the Utpalas Dynasty in Jammu and Kashmir. It also highlights his contributions during his time in power there.
CULTURAL HERITAGE OF EARLY KASHMIR-A STUDY
Authors: RASHID MANZOOR BHAT
Published: June 2023

The cultural history of Kashmir can be explained in part by its geographical position. Because of Kashmir's natural beauty and moderate climate, it's possible that Kashmiris have a long history of artistic expression. As a result of Kashmir's seclusion, security afforded by the surrounding mountains, and its distance from the centre of Indian culture, Kashmiri philosophy might be unique. Because of the harsh weather and long winters, it's possible that Kashmiris are drawn to philosophical inquiry. The geographic centre of the Puranic world is Kashmir. In this system, Kashmir's significance was recognised as a meeting ground for trade and ideas between the four major regions of the Old World. For the first time ever, the land of opposites attempted to be reconciled through a deeper examination and a more ambitious notion. The study is an attempt to explore the rich cultural heritage of Kashmir in an analytical manner.
PLURALITAS MAKHLUK DAN KEESAAN KHALIK: MEMBANGUN PERADABAN DIATAS PERADABAN
Authors: Jeprianto Jeprianto , Amri Muhammad , Santalia Indo
Published: June 2023

The plurality of creatures is sunnatullah in this universe. The plurality of creatures is a manifestation of Allah's omnipotence over His creation, and the grace that Allah SWT has sent down to His creatures. With the plurality of creatures that Allah SWT created, the lives of creatures become dynamic and not stagnant because these creatures compete with each other to do their best. The plurality of beings is a necessity. Diversity in creatures is something that is possible al-Manifest while the unity of God is something that must be al-Manifest. Whereas monotheism is the basic principle of divine religion, because every time Allah swt sends apostles, the mission of monotheism is always his message. The meaning of holding monotheism is not just faith or belief in Allah SWT, but also includes a correct understanding of who Allah SWT we believe in and how we behave towards Him and objects other than Allah SWT. Allah SWT is the regulator of all creatures, not only the Creator of this form, but also as the Regulator, His arrangement is the entrance for the protection and guidance for humans. Islamic teachings about humans as the caliph of Allah SWT and the teachings of the Divine Essence as the Ruler of the being created by Him.
The Stylistic Term of Liberal-Exotic Nature and Structure: between Functionalism and Lexicography
Authors: Manoli Ion
Published: June 2023

In the last fifteen years the modern French literature and language has featured the emergence of two works by Charles Dantzig: Dictionnaire egoïste de la littérature française (-Paris: Grasset et le Livre de Poche, 2005. 1154-p.) and Dictionnaire egoïste de la littérature mondiale (-Paris: Grasset, 2019. 1244 p. -), both of them being highly appreciated by literary critics and won valuable prizes. Dantzig’s dictionaries have challenged and annihilated many dogmas and axioms which used to belong to the traditional lexicography. The aforementioned works have suggested the topic of our article i.e. The Stylistic Term of Liberal-Exotic Nature and Structure, which is vastly appreciated and updated by Dantzig. Before him we have encountered several examples in lexicographers, when a trivial word or structure becomes a term in its own right. (e.g. P. Guiraud, R. Barthes, Iu. Cristeva, Tz. Todorov, etc.). Nonetheless, Dantzig has managed to create a unique meta-language which requires a novel vision as to define and subject it to the lexicographic activity.
Stable Polylexical Units of Librarian Origin: Motivational Extralinguistic Causes
Authors: Savin Angela
Published: June 2023

We regard stable polilexical units (SPUs) that are of foreign origin as general to a large number of languages. And the other SPUs must be seen as indigenous, having their origin in Romanian, even if they have conformity forms in other languages. The attestation of similar SPUs in the third languages can be explained by various reasons. We conclude that, in terms of origin, SPUs can be divided into two large groups: indigenous and general. General SPUs entered the language in an oral way, with the emergence of the need to name the given reality. However, the motivation for their use is determined by the degree of culture and familiarity with literary texts of the person in question. In the present article, we intend to analyze some general SPUs with extralinguistic motivation, updating them at the discourse level through examples taken from various sources, thus aligning ourselves with Eugeniu Coseriu's opinion that language facts must be viewed at the levels of language, speaking and discourse, thus reflecting the three levels of language - the universal level of speech activity; the historical level of languages and the particular level of discourse. The aspects mentioned come to once again confirm the Coseriu’s thesis that a language is a historical product and, at the same time, an instrument of linguistic thought.
Multidifferential Pluralism as a Fundamental Principle of Literary Theory and Criticism
Authors: Ciocoi Tatiana
Published: June 2023

The present study is a synthesis of diverse poststructural theories of the identity subject. There is presented and analyzed the new „identity geography”, from the advanced ideas of the feminist and gender studies until the lesbian and gay theory, queer theory or postcolonial theory. There are also taken into consideration the possibilities of the identity defining from the perspective of the cyborg, transsexual, liminal, excentric, nomad and situated subject. The other perspective is that of the hyperconstructivism, which advances ideas for rebuilding the subject in a new cognitive ontology.
"Черные былички", Stories about Vampires and a Number of Literary Texts: Chrono-noetic Origins, Their Typological Identity (the Concept of “Horror-Crisis”)
Authors: Cusnir Jozefina
Published: June 2023

A particular crisis of mythological consciousness defined by us as a “horror crisis” is being considered. Its essence is developing a specific “horror worldview”: “Love destroys; ethics does not save; the Universe is devious, and man is guilty.” Having clearly manifested itself as heterogeneous, but typologically identical narratives in the early 18th century, the horror crisis could still be observed for approximately a century and a half. Such narratives include “black folkloric accounts,” vampire stories, and a number of literary texts. The term “phenomenological formula of freedom” denoting a phenomenologically observed sensation is introduced: “The Universe has a good essence, and one can be in league with it; the ability to be in league with the essence, in league with the real things, is freedom, because man is also real.” The horror worldview was shaped palliatively – in search of salvation – by the mythological consciousness attempting to elaborate its stepwise “hypothesis” that the Universe has no good essence. The mythological consciousness implicitly resorted to the thesis: “If the Universe is void of a good essence, then it is supposed to have at least a mystery, albeit a horrible one; yet where there is a mystery, there is hope for abolition of evil.” The horror worldview is a relatively recent result of a “diametrical” structural distortion of the two truly ancient mythologemes: apocatastasis and katabasis. If the mythological consciousness is not oppressed by fear, it identifies the horror worldview as false and readjusts it. In fact, ethicizing harmonization of the Universe by means of a noetic creative act the result of which is perceived as a catharsis is one of its basic functions.
Molecular Study on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Sheep
Authors: Farag Heba , Ragab Mohamed , Hafez Amani , Osman Wafaa , Mansour Alaa
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the presence of MRSA in sheep. The study was conducted in 2022 using 100 samples, including 50 raw milk samples and 50 nasal swabs obtained from 10 flocks of sheep that were housed in various places along the North Coast area of Egypt to identify and characterize MRSA. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and identified from the samples using conventional bacteriological techniques, while MRSA was found using a culture on oxacillin resistance screening agar basal medium (ORSAB). The recovery rate of S. aureus in the examined samples of sheep was 54 and 18 %, in raw milk samples and nasal swabs of sheep, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of confirmed MRSA strains isolated from sheep samples was 51.6 and 66.7% in milk samples and nasal swabs, respectively with total prevalence of 55.6% (20 out of 36 isolates). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the MRSA isolates in this study revealed varying resistance patterns. The isolates had 100% resistance to Penicillin-G and Clindamycin, 90% resistance to Linezolid, 80% resistance to Cefoxitin and 70% resistance to Erythromycin. In short, strict hygiene and biosecurity protocols should be implemented on sheep farms to avoid this from turning into a serious illness that may be deadly. According to the present inquiry, MRSA was discovered in the milk and nasal samples of sheep grown on Alexandria's North Coast that appeared to be in good health.
A Retrospective Study of Various Iron Preparations Oral Administration in Pregnant Women with Iron Deficiency Anemia
Authors: Constantinos Bouschanetzis , Bothou Anastasia , Oikonomou Efthimis , Kiriakou Demetris , Papanikolopoulou Stavroula , Michalopoulos Spyridon , Iatrakis Georgios , Nikolettos Konstantinos , Trypsiannis Grigorios , Nikolettos Nikolaos , Tsikouras Panagiotis
Published: June 2023

Background: During pregnancy anemia is a common medical condition, with iron deficiency and megaloblastic anemia being the most common. The symptoms range from very mild to severe and if left without proper medical treatment, there can be serious consequences for both mother and fetus. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare various iron preparations which made in the three trimesters of pregnancy and in the period of delivery regarding the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. Methods: Iron deficiency anemia is diagnosed when hemoglobin levels are below: 13.0 g/dL a) in adult males, b) 12.0 g/dL in non-pregnant women, c) 11.0 g/dL in pregnant women and children 6 months–5 years, and d) 11.5 g/dL in children 5–11 years old. Serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, transferrin receptors and erythrocyte protoporphyrin are used as biochemical markers of iron deficiency. Results: This case-control study was conducted at a Greek university hospital affiliated with Democritus University. About 199 pregnant women who were divided into two groups were included in the study from 01.02.2015 to 31.12.2022. The differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia will be made from other forms of hypochromic microcytic anemia. The most frequent pregnancy problem was anemia. The term “Iron Deficiency Anemia” refers to erythropoiesis under conditions of absolute iron deficiency. This presupposes the depletion of iron stores in the body. Iron deficiency anemia or Sideropenic anemia is the most common form of anemia worldwide. Special attention must be given to nutrition during pregnancy. In the current retrospective study, Conclusion: It was evaluated the contribution of various iron preparations substitution during the pregnancy and puerperium.
Comparison of the effectiveness between problem-based learning and lecture class in pharmacology for medical undergraduates
Authors: Sushama Jitha , Palappallil Dhanya , Thomas Scaria
Published: June 2023

Background: Problem-based learning (PBL) originated at Case Western Reserve University in the late 1950s and it uses clinical cases or structured problems to kindle questioning, critical thinking, problem solving skills, self-learning skills, and develop team work and application of knowledge by a curriculum reformation by medical faculty. This was a cross over educational interventional study done for a period 6 months after getting IRB clearance.

Aim and Objectives: The objectives of the study are as follows: (1). To determine the effectiveness of flipped classroom compared to lecture class in teaching rational drug prescription. (2) To compare the perception of students about either methods.

Materials and Methods: The students were allocated into two groups X and Y with 13 students in one group and 12 in the other group. Each group was subdivided into five subgroups. Lecture class and PBL were done in a cross over model with two topics, namely, pharmacotherapy of depression and antitubercular therapy. The academic scores and perception of students with these two methods were compared.

Results: There was no statistical difference in the academic scores by the students who received lecture and PBL session for antidepressants and antitubercular therapy. However, majority of the participants had a positive perception toward PBL as compared to lectures.

Conclusion: Students rated PBL to be more effective in improving teacher- student interaction, developing communication skills and team work, and generating enthusiasm in learning the topic.