bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘A place for everyone who gets it’:
Authors: Fabricius Charlotte Johanne
Published: January 2025

This article discusses the political potential of sharing comics and cartoons on Instagram when that practice lies in the intersection of autobiographical art, feminist activism, and for-profit influencer work. Through a case study of cartoonist Mary Catherine Starr, aka @momlife_comics, and the 2022 viral campaign against her work known as ‘Peachgate,’ the article discusses whether Starr’s work participates in a juxtapolitical intimate public or whether it holds the potential to incite more radical transformation of the gender dynamics it criticizes. Investigating Starr’s visual style and aesthetic strategies, as well as the platformed visibility labor she engages in, the article argues that Peachgate can be seen as an indication of the potential for this work to transform from an intimate public to an affective public, although only if allowed to circulate beyond the intentions and preferred interpretationsoffered by Starr.
Homesick or Sick of Home?
Authors: Schultz Laura Luise
Published: January 2025

Review of Anna Meera Gaonkar: Feeling Sick of Home? A Cultural Study of Postmigrant Homesickness in Contemporary Denmark University of Copenhagen 2022, PhD Dissertation.
Zero-rating a usługa dostępu do Internetu i usługi specjalistyczn
Authors:   Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Nałęcz Andrzej
Published: January 2025

Zero-rating, czyli oferowanie w ruchomych sieciach telekomunikacyjnych nielimitowanego dostępu do pewnej zawartości internetowej, przy jednoczesnym objęciu wszelkiej pozostałej zawartości miesięcznym limitem transferu danych, stanowi jedno z węzłowych zagadnień dyskusji o neutralności sieciowej. W tekście przedstawiono rodzaje zero-ratingu oraz negatywne i pozytywne konsekwencje jego stosowania. Te pierwsze wiążą się głównie z potencjalnie pozytywnym wpływem na konkurencję pomiędzy dostawcami usług dostępu do Internetu, te drugie zaś – z zagrożeniem dla dalszego rozwoju Internetu jako siły napędowej innowacji. Wskazano, że zero-ratingu zakazuje się jako groźnego dla neutralności sieciowej nawet w państwach rozwijających się, mimo iż właśnie w nich może on powodować najszersze, pozytywne skutki społeczne. Na podstawie wykładni przepisów rozporządzenia o otwartym Internecie z uwzględnieniem projektu wytycznych BEREC ustalono, że zero-rating nie jest dopuszczalny w Unii Europejskiej w ramach usługi dostępu do Internetu, a także, że nie może być uznany za rodzaj usługi specjalistycznej.
Nowe warunki prawne świadczenia usług dostępu do Internetu
Authors:   Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Piątek Stanisław
Published: January 2025

Artykuł przedstawia skutki zmian wynikających z rozporządzenia UE 2015/2120 w zakresie dostępu do otwartego Internetu dla dostawców usług i użytkowników końcowych. Przedstawiono charakter prawny i zakres zastosowania nowych wymagań. Omówiono gwarancje przysługujące użytkownikom końcowym usług oraz ograniczenia nałożone na dostawców usług w zakresie zarządzania ruchem internetowym. Wyjaśniono skutki zmian dotyczących zawartości umów oraz dochodzenia odpowiedzialności z powodu nienależytej jakości usługi dostępowej. Przedstawiono znaczenie wytycznych BEREC w zakresie stosowania rozporządzenia.
Tajemnica dziennikarska w kodeksach etyki zawodowej
Authors:   Centrum Badań Problemów Prawnych i Ekonomicznych Komunikacji Elektronicznej WPAiE UWr, Galewska Ewa
Published: January 2025

Tajemnicę dziennikarską i ujawnianie informacji nią objętych należy rozpatrywać nie tylko jako problem prawny, lecz także jako kwestię mającą niezwykle istotne znaczenie z punktu widzenia etyki zawodowej dziennikarzy dokonujących wyboru wartości, które zamierzają chronić. W tym zakresie oczywiście najważniejsze znaczenie mają przepisy prawa, ale powinny one być uzupełniane przez odpowiednie normy etyki zawodowej, których celem jest wspieranie dziennikarza w dokonywaniu tak trudnych wyborów.
Wyłączenie dystrybucji selektywnej spod zakazu porozumień ograniczających konkurencję
Authors: Marek Maciej
Published: January 2025

Artykuł dotyczy stosowania wyłączeń grupowych i wyłączenia indywidualnego do systemów dystrybucji selektywnej. Autor analizuje warunki skorzystania z polskiego i europejskiego ogólnego wyłączenia grupowego dla porozumień wertykalnych oraz możliwość łączenia dystrybucji selektywnej z najpopularniejszymi ograniczeniami dodatkowymi. Autor przedstawia także metodologię stosowaną w orzecznictwie europejskim przy stosowaniu indywidualnego wyłączenia do dystrybucji selektywnej i bada relacje przesłanek wyłączenia indywidualnego do ogólnych przesłanek zakazu porozumień ograniczających konkurencję.
Обретенные лица исторических личностей. Можно поставить точку
Authors: Аброськин В.Н. , Редькина М.Г.
Published: January 2025

This article, as well as our previous ones («Vestnik of the Perm Federal Research Center» №3, 2021, and №3, 2022, and №4, 2023), is devoted to the 110th anniversary of the visit of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna and her sister Princess Victoria von Battenberg to the city of Perm and Perm govenorate on the eve of the First World War, in July 1914. The article completes our investigation on photo-identification of historical personalities depicted on the group photo in the garden of the Governor’ house. The Governor I.F. Koshko took most active and direct part in receiving the distinguished guests on Perm land. Our final material is devoted to the first man on the right, designated as «A.P. Kornilov». For the first time we also give information concerning the hitherto unknown person who took this photograph
Экскурсия по рефлектограмме
Authors: Константинов Ю.А.
Published: January 2025

In this paper, the basic principles of distributed measurements for the needs of metrology and sensorics, carried out with the help of methods of optical time domain reflectometry and optical frequency domain reflectometry, are presented in popular science form. The article introduces the reader to the work of the Photonics laboratory of the Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, abranch of the Perm Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICMM UB RAS).
Дом Грибушина: место, время и фигуры
Authors: Корчагин П.А.
Published: January 2025

The Perm Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science is located in the building that is a cultural heritage site called "the House of merchant Gribushin with a fence and gates", also known as "the House with Caryatids". The history of the house has been studied by many historians and literary scholars, as it exists in two qualities: physical and literary. The article explores the history of the building and the legends associated with it. Special attention is paid to the figures (caryatids) of the house, its owners and inhabitants. As a result of the study, it was possible to establish that the house originated much earlier than expected, no later than 1863, and the name of its first owner.
МОНИТОРИНГОВЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СВОЙСТВ ВЕРХНЕЙ ЧАСТИ РАЗРЕЗА В ПРЕДЕЛАХ ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНО-ОПАСНЫХ УЧАСТКОВ МЕТОДОМ ПРЕЛОМЛЕННЫХ ВОЛН
Authors: Герасимова И.Ю.
Published: January 2025

В системе комплекса разноуровенных сейсмических наблюдений, реализованного в пределах потенциально-опасных участков шахтных полей Верхнекамского месторождения солей, в качестве детализационного метода применяется сейсморазведка высокого разрешения. На одном из этапов обработки данных малоглубинных исследований вычисляются параметры верхней части разреза. В статье представлены варианты использования указанных параметров для определения пространственных особенностей приповерхностного интервала пород и его состояния как дополнительной составляющей мониторинговых наблюдений.
ВОЗМОЖНЫЙ ПОДХОД К ОЦЕНКЕ КАТЕГОРИИ СОСТОЯНИЯ КРОВЛИ ГОРНЫХ ВЫРАБОТОК В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЛУБОКОГО КАЛИЙНОГО РУДНИКА
Authors: Морозов И.А.
Published: January 2025

В работе представлен возможный подход к оценке категории состояния кровли горных выработок в условиях глубокого калийного рудника. Под категорией состояния кровли горных выработок понимается комплексный показатель, характеризующий как геологический тип кровли, так и еѐ категорию устойчивости, и определяющий возможные формы и интенсивность проявления горного давления. На текущей стадии изученности месторождения для выработок, пройденных в соляных породах, выделено четыре геологических типа кровли. Для оценки категории устойчивости кровли выработок использован стандартный подход, основанный на определении величины расчетных смещений, с учетом корректировок, выполненных на основе результатов натурных наблюдений. Предложенный подход к оценке категории состояния кровли был использован при обосновании способов охраны и крепления горных выработок в условиях глубокого калийного рудника с учетом фактического геологического строения вмещающих выработки пород, форм и интенсивности проявления горного давления.
СТРУКТУРА ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПРИ ФОРМИРОВАНИИ МОНИТОРИНГОВЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ СОЛЯНОГО РУДНИКА
Authors: Скидан С.С.
Published: January 2025

Рассматриваются проблемы при работе с многообразием неструктурированной информации, а также предлагаемое решение в виде структуры информационной системы в программном комплексе со свободной лицензией QGIS, которое улучшает управление данными от разных структурных подразделений в мониторинговых исследованиях.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ РАДИУСА ЗОНЫ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО ТРЕЩИНООБРАЗОВАНИЯ ИЗВЕСТНЯКОВ
Authors: Нестеров Е.А.
Published: January 2025

Природные газы при разработке различных месторождений оказывают существенное влияние на технологию проходки как подготовительных, так и очистных выработок. С увеличением глубины разработки, как правило, это влияние только усиливается. В качестве мероприятия по дегазации массива горных выработок рассмотрена дегазация пород впереди забоя горной выработки посредством торпедирования массива. Представлены результаты экспериментального определения основного параметра торпедирования – радиуса эффективного трещинообразования на основе изучения газопроницаемости пород нетронутого массива и после торпедирования, а также по показателю воздухопоглощения.
РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ГАЗОНОСНОСТИ СОЛЯНЫХ ПОРОД ПО СВОБОДНЫМ ГАЗАМ НА ЮЖНОЙ ЧАСТИ ВЕРХНЕКАМСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ КАЛИЙНЫХ СОЛЕЙ
Authors: Папулов А.С.
Published: January 2025

Проведены экспериментальные исследования газоносности соляных пород пласта КрII и АБ. Исследования проводились путем бурения в соляной массив шпуров, их герметизации и замера газового давления с последующим отбором проб. Построены гистограммы распределения значений газоносности соляных пород по свободным газам, а также построены карты распределения газоносности на южной части Верхнекамского месторождения калийных солей. Изучение газодинамических характеристик соляных пород направлено на безопасность ведения горных работ.
Comprehensive profiling of migratory primordial germ cells reveals niche-specific differences in non-canonical Wnt and Nodal-Lefty signaling in anterior vs posterior migrants
Authors: Jaszczak Rebecca G , Zussman Jay W , Wagner Daniel E , Laird Diana J
Published: January 2025

Mammalian primordial germ cells (PGCs) migrate asynchronously through the embryonic hindgut and dorsal mesentery to reach the gonads. We previously found that interaction with different somatic niches regulates PGC proliferation along the migration route. To characterize transcriptional heterogeneity of migrating PGCs and their niches, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 13,262 mouse PGCs and 7,868 surrounding somatic cells during migration (E9.5, E10.5, E11.5) and in anterior versus posterior locations to enrich for leading and lagging migrants. Analysis of PGCs by position revealed dynamic gene expression changes between faster or earlier migrants in the anterior and slower or later migrants in the posterior at E9.5; these differences include migration-associated actin polymerization machinery and epigenetic reprogramming-associated genes. We furthermore identified changes in signaling with various somatic niches, notably strengthened interactions with hindgut epithelium via non-canonical WNT (ncWNT) in posterior PGCs compared to anterior. Reanalysis of a previously published dataset suggests that ncWNT signaling from the hindgut epithelium to early migratory PGCs is conserved in humans. Trajectory inference methods identified putative differentiation trajectories linking cell states across timepoints and from posterior to anterior in our mouse dataset. At E9.5, we mainly observed differences in cell adhesion and actin cytoskeletal dynamics between E9.5 posterior and anterior migrants. At E10.5, we observed divergent gene expression patterns between putative differentiation trajectories from posterior to anterior including Nodal signaling response genes
Lefty1, Lefty2,
and
Pycr2
and reprogramming factors
Dnmt1, Prc1,
and
Tet1.
At E10.5, we experimentally validated anterior migrant-specific
Lefty1/2
upregulation via whole-mount immunofluorescence staining for LEFTY1/2 proteins, suggesting that elevated autocrine Nodal signaling accompanies the late stages of PGC migration. Together, this positional and temporal atlas of mouse PGCs supports the idea that niche interactions along the migratory route elicit changes in proliferation, actin dynamics, pluripotency, and epigenetic reprogramming.
Effects of growth feedback on adaptive gene circuits: A dynamical understanding
Authors: Kong Ling-Wei , Shi Wenjia , Tian Xiao-Jun , Lai Ying-Cheng
Published: January 2025

The successful integration of engineered gene circuits into host cells remains a significant challenge in synthetic biology due to circuit-host interactions, such as growth feedback, where the circuit influences cell growth and vice versa. Understanding the dynamics of circuit failures and identifying topologies resilient to growth feedback are crucial for both fundamental and applied research. Utilizing transcriptional regulation circuits with adaptation as a paradigm, we systematically study more than four hundred topological structures and uncover various categories of failures. Three dynamical mechanisms of circuit failures are identified: continuous deformation of the response curve, strengthened or induced oscillations, and sudden switching to coexisting attractors. Our extensive computations also uncover a scaling law between a circuit robustness measure and the strength of growth feedback. Despite the negative effects of growth feedback on the majority of circuit topologies, we identify several circuits that maintain optimal performance as designed, a feature important for applications.
Re-evaluation of mastodon material from Oregon and Washington, USA, Alberta, Canada, and Hidalgo and Jalisco, Mexico
Authors: Dooley Alton C. , Widga Chris , Stoneburg Brittney E. , Jass Christopher , Bravo-Cuevas Victor M. , Boehm Andrew , Scott Eric , McDonald Andrew T. , Volmut Mark
Published: January 2025

The presence of at least two contemporaneous Pleistocene mastodon taxa in North America (Mammut americanum and M. pacificus) invites re-examination of specimens at the geographic margins of each species in order to determine range boundaries, overlaps, and fluctuations. Third molars from Oregon in the United States, as well as from Hidalgo and Jalisco in Mexico, were found to be morphologically consistent with M. pacificus. Washington in the United States includes a number of specimens that could not be confidently assigned to either taxon. Alberta in Canada was found to have some specimens that were consistent with M. pacificus, but others that were identified as M. americanum. The Alberta specimen referred to M. pacificus is the same tooth found to have a Pliocene divergence time from M. americanum based on mitochondrial genome data from a previous study, suggesting a deep divergence time between the two taxa. The apparent presence of both mastodon taxa in close geographic proximity has interesting paleobiogeographic implications. It is not yet clear if both taxa were present simultaneously in a given location; if not, it suggests fluctuating ranges that may reflect shifting climates and/or biomes over time. Alternatively, if both taxa were simultaneously present in the same place, it may suggest a high degree of niche partitioning in mammutids. Additional accurately dated specimens will be required to resolve this question.
Evolutionary patterns of the SSU rRNA (V4 region) secondary structure in genus Euplotes (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea): insights into cryptic species and primitive traits
Authors: Wardani Ratih Kusuma , Ahsan Ragib , Shin Mann Kyoon
Published: January 2025

The genus Euplotes, a group of ciliated protists, has attracted attention as a model organism due to its widespread distribution and ease of cultivation. This study examines the evolutionary patterns of the SSU rRNA secondary structure within this genus, aiming to elucidate its role in supporting evolutionary relationships and uncovering cryptic species. By predicting the secondary structure of SSU rRNA and applying the CBC (Compensatory Base Change) concept analysis, we examined 69 species of the genus Euplotes, with 57 SSU rRNA gene sequences retrieved from GenBank and 12 newly sequenced specimens from South Korea. Our analysis revealed significant variations in the V4 region secondary structure, particularly in helix E23_8, across different clades of Euplotes. Reconstruction of the ancestral state indicated a transition from a simpler (Type I) to a more complex (Type II) secondary structure, with several species showing a reversal to Type I especially species in clade VI, suggesting of reverse evolution. In addition, our study identified cryptic species within Euplotes based on differences in the secondary structure of the V4 region, particularly evident in clade VI, where CBC analysis highlighted differences in E. minuta compared to E. vannus and E. crassus. These results highlight the utility of molecular data in refining species boundaries and evolutionary patterns within the genus Euplotes.
The cultural perspective of language and its importance to communication
Authors: Morais Anielle Aparecida Fernandes de , Martins Paulo Antonio Rodrigues
Published: January 2025

This article undertakes a reflection on language from a cultural, social, and discursive perspective, demonstrating how symbolizations, representations, and identifications resonate within social interactions. For this discussion, the article relies on bibliographic research and fundamentally draws from the theoretical frameworks of Laraia (1993), Bakhtin (1997; 2016), Orlandi (1994; 2001) and Castoriadis (1982), which illuminate the multidisciplinary understanding of linguistic processes. Language, as a system of symbolization, emerges in this research as a matter of culture and is situated within existing networks of power that characterize the linguistic activity itself. In this regard, symbolization, which both constitutes and is constituted within the production of language, communicates and conveys representations and identifications that are inseparable from the very interaction with the world and the communication established with it.
La Ley N° 21.431 y el reconocimiento de los trabajadores económicamente dependientes en el derecho chileno. Los déficits en su protección
Authors: Pinto Sarmiento Yenny
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo analiza las clases o tipos de trabajadores independientes. A partir de dicha clasificación se analiza el trabajo en la era digital, deteniéndonos especialmente en el trabajo en plataformas digitales, su concepto, características y regulación en Chile. El análisis de dicha regulación nos permite concluir que los trabajadores regulados en la Ley 21.431 corresponden a aquellos denominados autónomos económicamente dependientes. Asimismo, el artículo explora las deficiencias que la Ley 21.431 importa para la protección de los trabajadores independientes, especialmente en el ámbito de la Seguridad Social.
Efficacy and Safety of Labor Induction by Oral Versus Vaginal Misoprostol: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Matega Teddy Habiragi , Maindo Mike-Antoine Alongo , Kaghoma Amos Sivulyamwenge , Bosenge Jean-Didier Nguma , Labama Noël Otuli , Modia Antoine O’yandjo , Juakali Jean-Jeannot Syhalikyolo , Manga Pascal Okenge , Katenga Gédéon Bosunga
Published: January 2025

Background: Labor induction is one of the most common practices in obstetrics in developed countries. But, in developing countries, its prevalence is low. This study seeks to compare the efficacy and safety of oral versus vaginal Misoprostol in an area with limited resource.
Patients and Methods: This is a single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial, conducted at Kisangani, in Democratic Republic of Congo, from September 1, 2022 to February 01, 2023. The study was prospective, had the approval of the ethics committee of Kisangani University, and women signed the informed consent. The sample was 177 patients, of which 89 received oral Misoprostol and 88 for vaginal route. Were included, primiparous and multiparous who controlled their date of last menstruation, and who had a term progressive pregnancy, mono-fetal, in cephalic presentation, fetal heart rate (FHR) within the norms, and had no contraindications of labor induction. Fifty micrograms of Misoprostol were administered either orally or vaginally every six hours. The primary outcomes were the time from drug administrations to uterine contractions, labor time, and vaginal delivery rate. For secondary outcomes, the course of labor as well as the maternal and perinatal prognosis was assessed. The data were encoded on an Excel 2013 sheet and analyzed using EPI INFO and SPSS software.
Results: Labor was induced after 6.18±4.11 h for oral Misoprostol versus 4.03±1.99 h for the vaginal route (p=0.00). The duration of labor was 10.85±3.59 h for the oral route, 9.39±2.55 h for the vaginal route. The time from the first dose to delivery was 16.88±6.11 h for the oral route, 13.03±3.32 h for the vaginal route. The delivery rate within 24 hours was 98.9% (87/88) for the vaginal route and 88.8% (79/89) for the oral route (p=0.00). The rate of caesarean section was 6.7% for the oral route, 12.5% for the vaginal.
Conclusion: Misoprostol is effective both orally and vaginally. Administered vaginally, it is associated with a reduction in the duration of labor, while it improves maternal and perinatal prognosis.
Therapeutic Potentials of Phytochemicals in Combatting Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)
Authors: Popoola Possible Okikiola , Ijibadejo Margaret Seun , Adejumo Deborah Olufunmilayo , Efeurhobo Oghenefejiro Dorcas , Ogunleye Oluwanifemi Omodara , Olawumi Leah Titilayo , Olaniran Tosin Titus , Ogunwale Mercy Mary , Okafor Chinedum Ojinaka , Elesho Oluwagbemisola Elizabeth , Tunde Yakub Yakub , Gold Igben Osu
Published: January 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a grave threat to global health that is made worse by the abuse and excessive use of antibiotics. This review looks into the processes of this bacterial resistance, particularly efflux pump systems, and calls for the consideration of alternative approaches. The antimicrobial plant derived bioactive compounds, rich in phytochemicals, are of significance as they can serve to mute the resistance mechanisms. Some of the core active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, and essential oils have been proven to work on some multi-drug resistant pathogens Among other things, this review also discusses how phytochemicals interact with ordinary antibiotics to improve drug effectiveness while minimizing the chances of resistance. The case studies emphasized suggest that plant derived antimicrobials are potent tools in the fight against AMR. In conclusion, the results emphasize the need for the incorporation of phytochemicals within modern treatment approaches in order to curb the problems of AMR in the world.
Effect of Phosphorus Fertilization and Zinc Spraying on Productivity of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Airangy Faten Samir , Kbaili Saleh , Bouaissa Abdelaziz
Published: January 2025

The research was carried out during the years 2023/2024 in Ain Al-Bayda Village, Lattakia, Syria to study the effect of phosphorus fertilization and zinc spraying on productivity of sesame by five different levels of phosphorus fertilization (0, 40, 60, 80, 100) kg P2O/ha, and four concentrations of zinc spraying (0, 30, 60, 90) mg Zn2SO4/l.
The experiment was carried out according to a completely randomized plot design with a one-time split plot design and three replicates for each treatment. The main plots included phosphorus fertilization, while the secondary plots included zinc spraying.
The results showed that the phosphorus fertilization level of 100 kg P2O5/ha was significantly superior to all other fertilization levels by the highest average for all traits, as it gave the highest value for number of capsules per plant (92.75 capsules/plant), length of the capsule (2.97 cm), number of seeds per capsule (78.53 seeds/capsule), weight of 1000 seeds (3.98 g) and seed yield (1253.60 kg/ha).
The zinc spray concentration of 90 mg Zn2SO4/l gave the highest value for number of capsules per plant (75.27 capsules/plant), weight of 1000 seeds (3.77 g) and seed productivity (1046 kg/ha), while the zinc spray concentration of 60 mg Zn2SO4/l gave the highest value for number of seeds per capsule (72.85 seeds/capsule) and length of the capsule (2.68 cm).
The intervention of 100 kg P2O5/ha x 90 mg Zn2SO4/l achieved the highest value for number of capsules per plant (96.22 capsules/plant), weight of 1000 seeds (4.13 g) and seed productivity (1357.30 kg/ha), while the intervention of 100 kg P2O5/ha x 60 mg Zn2SO4/l achieved the highest value for the two characteristics of number of seeds per capsule (79.63 seeds/capsule) and length of the capsule (3.03 cm).
Principal Component Analysis of 100 Indigenous & Exotic Accessions of Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] of Indian National Seed Bank
Authors: Mishra Anchal , Gore Padmavati , Sahu Mayuri
Published: January 2025

In this study 100 pigeonpea genotypes, including six checks (KRG-33, PT-0012, UPAS-120, CORG-9701, BDN-716, and C.G ARHAR-2), were analyzed using Augmented Block Design. To identify genetic diversity among genotypes, this study used principal component analysis (PCA) on yield and its contributing traits. Principal component analysis found that the first four principal components had an eigen value larger than one, accounting for 66.56% of total variance. Principal component analysis showed that 100 seed weight contributed the most variance in genotypes, followed by number of pods per plant, days to maturity, and pod length.  Diversity in plant genotypes allows plant breeders to develop new and improved cultivars with desired features such as earliness and yield contributing attributes.
Organic Seed Production Technique with Different Date of Sowing in Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.)
Authors: Sharanappa  , Hilli J. S. , Deshpande V. K. , Kalappanavar I. K. , Shashidhar T. R.
Published: January 2025

Field experiments were conducted at the D’ block of the Seed Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, during the rabi seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23. This study focused on "Organic seed production techniques with different date of sowing in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Pooled data indicated that irrespective of soil application of organic manures and foliar spray of liquid bio-fertilizer application, the effect of dates of sowing was found significant for the seed yield and its components. Crop sown on November 1st fortnight (D2) recorded a significantly higher number of capsules per plant (18.14), number of seeds per capsule (90.45), seed yield per plant (3.06 g), thousand seed weight (2.90 g) and seed yield per hectare (849.43 kg) which was superior over October 1st fortnight (D1) (15.33, 86.93, 2.34g, 2.35g and 768.17kg, respectively).Soil application of 125% N equivalent through vermicompost + foliar application of cow urine spray @ 10% at flowering and 15 days after flowering (N4) recorded significantly more number of capsules per plant (22.42), number of seeds per capsule (101.00), seed yield per plant (3.59 g), thousand seed weight (3.32 g) and seed yield per hectare (880.08 kg)superior over (50% N equivalent through FYM + 50% N equivalent through vermicompost)+ Foliar application of cow urine spray @ 10% at flowering and 15 days after flowering (N6) (13.33,78.50, 2.01, 2.22and 757.67kg, respectively). The results highlighted the profound impact of organic manures and biofertilizers on improving black cumin seed production and quality.
Effect of New Molecules of Herbicide on Weed Infestation, Growth and Yield of Kharif Rice
Authors: Sahani Salma , Krishna V V S Jaya , Pramanick Mahadev , Dutta Dhananjoy
Published: January 2025

The research was conducted to study the effect of different herbicides on weed infestation, growth and yield of kharif rice. Field trail was conducted during the kharif season of 2020 at the Instructional Farm, Jaguli, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, under a randomized block design with nine treatment combinations. The variety Satabdi (IET-4786) was selected for the experiment and transplanted with the spacing of 20 cm × 10 cm. Treatments included various doses of UPH-814, a combination of bensulfuron methyl and pretilachlor, pyrazosulfuron ethyle, pretilachlor and hand weeding. The predominant weed species included Cynodon dactylon, Echinochloa spp., Cyperus spp., and various broadleaved weeds. Results showed that hand weeding achieved the lower weed population at all growth stages, among herbicidal treatments, particularly the combination of bensulfuron methyl and pretilachlor (T6) which result highest weed control efficiency at 60 DAT (80.77%) and UPH-814 (T3), were highly effective in controlling weed flora.Among all the herbicidal treatments minimum weed population at 30 DAS, 45 DAS, 60 DAS obtained in T3, pre-emergence application of UPH 814 (S) @ 2500 g ha-1. These treatments also resulted in the highest dry matter accumulation (810.90 g/m-2) at the time of harvest, grain and straw yields, with T6, Bensulfuron methyl 0.6%+ Pretilachlor 6% GR @10000 g/ha achieving a grain yield of 3.67 t/ha and a straw yield of 4.31 t/ha. Thus, UPH-814 and the combination of bensulfuron methyl and pretilachlor are promising options for effective weed management in kharif rice.
The Other Side of the Bounce Back
Authors: Manning Kimberly D.
Published: October 2023

In this narrative medicine essay, an internist becomes sensitized to the harshness of inside medical language when the expression bounce back is applied to her father’s return to the hospital shortly after his discharge.
Use of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide by Major Depression Status
Authors: Walsh Claire A. , Gorfinkel Lauren , Shmulewitz Dvora , Stohl Malki , Hasin Deborah S.
Published: October 2023

Importance

Renewed interest in the clinical potential of hallucinogens may lead people with depression to a generally more positive view of the use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Therefore, past-year LSD use among people with depression may be increasing in prevalence.

Objective

To assess time trends in the prevalence of past-year nonmedical LSD use by past-year major depression status and the variation in this association by sociodemographic characteristics.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This survey study used pooled publicly available data from 478 492 adults aged 18 years or older who were administered the National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2008 through 2019. Statistical analysis was conducted from December 2022 to June 2023.

Main Outcome and Measures

Past-year major depression diagnoses per criteria from the DSM-IV were analyzed. Logistic regression models examined whether time trends in past-year nonmedical LSD use differed between adults with vs without past-year depression, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Secondary analyses examined whether the trends in LSD use by depression status differed between sociodemographic subgroups.

Results

The analytic sample included 478 492 adults, of whom 51.8% were female, 56.1% were younger than 50 years, 11.7% were Black, 15.1% were Hispanic, 65.8% were White, and 7.5% were another race. Weighted interview response rates ranged from 64.9% to 75.6% during the study time frame. From 2008 to 2019, past-year use of LSD increased significantly more among adults with major depression (2008 prevalence, 0.5%; 2019 prevalence, 1.8%; prevalence difference [PD], 1.3% [95% CI, 1.0%-1.6%]) compared with adults without major depression (2008 prevalence, 0.2%; 2019 prevalence, 0.8%; PD, 0.6% [95% CI, 0.5%-0.7%]) (difference in difference, 0.8% [95% CI, 0.5%-1.1%]). This difference was particularly pronounced among young adults aged 34 years or younger (PD among those aged 18-25 years with depression, 3.3% [95% CI, 2.5%-4.2%]; PD among those aged 26-34 years with depression, 2.7% [95% CI, 1.6%-3.8%]) and individuals with incomes less than $75 000 per year (PD among those with income <$20 000, 1.9% [95% CI, 1.3%-2.6%]; PD among those with income $20 000-$49 999, 1.5% [95% CI, 1.0%-2.1%]; PD among those with income $50 000-$74 999, 1.3% [95% CI, 0.7%-2.0%]).

Conclusions and Relevance

This study suggests that, from 2008 to 2019, there was a disproportionate increase in the prevalence of past-year LSD use among US adults with past-year depression. Among those with depression, this increase was particularly strong among younger adults and those with lower household incomes. Among individuals with depression who also report LSD use, clinicians should discuss potential strategies for mitigating harm and maximizing benefits in medically unsupervised settings.
Thermal Deformation Characteristics and Dynamic Recrystallization Mechanism of Incoloy 800H Alloy under Different Deformations
Authors: Jia Zhi , Zhang Pengfei , Wang Huifang , Ji Jinjin , Wang Tong , Wang Yanjiang , Wang Xuming
Published: October 2023

Incoloy 800H alloy has excellent high‐temperature mechanical properties and broad application prospects. However, the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior of this alloy at different deformations has been little studied. The thermal deformation characteristics and DRX mechanisms of Incoloy 800H alloy are studied by thermal compression tests. Quantitative analysis of grain size, DRX fraction, misorientation distribution, and twin boundaries under different deformation degrees is conducted using electron‐backscattered diffraction. Furthermore, the evolution characteristics of dislocations and grains are observed through transmission electron microscopy. It is found that the proportion of DRX improves with increasing deformation significantly. In the DRX process, discontinuous DRX (DDRX) is the main nucleation mechanism, while continuous DRX (CDRX) serves as an auxiliary nucleation mechanism. As the deformation increases, the CDRX + DDRX mechanisms can also be observed simultaneously in the high‐density dislocation region near the grain boundary. In addition, the ratio of ∑3 boundaries first decreases and then increases as the deformation increases. The initial twins gradually disappear due to the increase in deformation, and new twins are formed within the DRX grains. Twins can promote grain boundary bulging, provide more nucleation sites for DRX, and have a significant promoting effect on DRX.
Experimental Assessment of the Mechanical Performance of Graphene Nanoplatelets Coated Polymers
Authors: Rivera Edgar David , Londoño Monsalve Julian , Craciun Monica Felicia , Marsico Maria Rosaria
Published: October 2023

This study presents the effect of spray‐coated graphene nanoplatelets on the mechanical response of various polymers to cyclic loadings. The substrates material (three polymers) and the coating (various numbers of coating layers) are assessed. The experimental results suggest that the compressive stiffness, compressive modulus, damping, and energy dissipation of the samples coated with graphene nanoplatelets improve with respect to the uncoated samples. The outcomes of this experimental research highlight the feasibility of utilizing films of graphene nanoplatelets to improve the mechanical properties of polymers for vibration isolation, foreseeing application in various environments, for instance, in buildings and infrastructures (bridges, railways) for seismic and acoustic isolation.
Stiffness Constitutive Characteristics of Elastic Disordered Microporous Metal Rubber Considering Temperature Effects
Authors: Wang Qinwei , Ren Zhiying , Shi Linwei , Huang Zihao , Zhou Chunhui , Liu Tianyan
Published: October 2023

Elastic disordered microcellular metal rubber (EDMMR) is a lightweight metal material widely employed for damping or support in high‐temperature environments, addressing the limitations of traditional polymer rubbers. Herein, three sets of solid finite element models of EDMMR with different relative densities are developed using virtual manufacturing technology (VMT). Thermal–mechanical coupled finite element simulations explore the dynamic evolution of two typical spatial topological structures in the material's microstructure: unit contact characteristics and angle distribution under temperature variations. Results indicate that the mechanical performance of the material under high‐temperature loads exhibits distinct spatial topological structures compared to those at room temperature. At 100, 200, and 300 °C, the material experiences internal stress distributions of up to 0.5, 1.2, and 1.8 MPa, respectively, due to expansion. Additionally, during the initial loading stage, stress differentials of approximately 0.4 MPa are observed between different temperatures due to boundary effects. Furthermore, the study investigates the probability density distribution of typical microstructural combinations of EDMMR along the forming direction based on VMT, enhancing the generality of the constitutive model. Finally, three groups of EDMMR samples with different relative densities are prepared using standardized processes, and the model is validated through high‐temperature quasistatic compression experiments.
Bidirectionally Modulating the Dissipative Phase Transition of UCST Polymers in a Programmable Manner Using Visible Light
Authors: Chu Zhaomiao , Yu Chengzhu , Li Chuang
Published: October 2023

Dynamic phase transitions are important in living organisms for sustaining their adaptive structures and functions. The design of artificial dynamic systems using light as a noninvasive input fuel has gained significant interest to mimic such adaptive features. Here the development of light‐fueled dissipative phase transitions of upper critical solution temperature polymers by introducing pendant spiropyrans as photoactive units, is reported. The reversible open‐close photoisomerization of spiropyrans is designed to undergo either an enhancement or a decline of their net charge, which is subsequently used to regulate the electrostatic interactions between polymer chains, and ultimately shift their phase transition temperatures to either a lower or a higher direction. The degree and speed of such bidirectional shifting are flexibly modulated by manipulating the external illumination parameters or varying the compositions/concentrations of the polymers. The diametrically opposite transmittance changes driven by light are utilized to produce a series of complementary patterns and shapes for application in transient information storage and encryption with improved accuracy and security. This work offers a bidirectional spatiotemporal modulation of dissipative phase transitions of polymers using visible light that allows highly tunable and adaptable features shared with their natural counterparts.
Nanodiamond‐Agarose Gels for Effective Photothermal Heating
Authors: Rashwan Mai S. , Baskaran Harihara , Burda Clemens
Published: October 2023

Experimental investigation of the photothermal properties of carboxylated nanodiamond (ND) particles in agarose gel base medium over a range of very low particle concentrations from 6.55 × 10−5 to 2.29 × 10−2% v/v and two different sizes (35 and 160 nm) is carried out. Laser‐induced spot heating of gels with trace amounts of ND particles lead to a very large increase in temperatures away from the spot compared to base gels. These increases are inconsistent with any thermal conductivity increases associated with the incorporation of particles. UV‐visible and Raman spectroscopy investigation demonstrates that this photothermal phenomenon is attributed to particle concentrations and size‐dependent changes in optical scattering/entrapment of nanoparticle‐laden gels. Structural investigation of the gels suggests that ND particles associate with the agarose polymer structure which leads to increased optical scattering and entrapment in particle‐laden gels. Collectively, it is concluded that combining trace amounts of nanodiamond particles in agarose gels dramatically affect the light scattering and entrapment properties of the nanoparticle‐laden gels, subsequently influencing the photothermal conversion efficiency of the system. This effect arises from the synergistic modification of the gel by the nanodiamond particle addition, rather than the independent effects of nanoparticles or the gel alone.
Fully Conjugated 2D sp2 Carbon‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Cheng Jun , Wu Yuting , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jie , Wang Lei , Zhou Meng , Fan Fengtao , Wu Xiaojun , Xu Hangxun
Published: October 2023

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) hold great promise for solar‐driven hydrogen production. However, metal‐free COFs for photocatalytic overall water splitting remain elusive, primarily due to challenges in simultaneously regulating their band structures and catalytic sites to enable concurrent half‐reactions. Herein, two types of π‐conjugated COFs containing the same donor–acceptor structure are constructed via Knoevenagel condensation and Schiff base reaction to afford cyanovinylene‐ and imine‐bridged COFs, respectively. The difference in the linkage leads to a remarkable difference in their photocatalytic activity toward water splitting. The 2D sp2 carbon‐linked COF exhibits notable activity for photocatalytic overall water splitting, which can reach an apparent quantum efficiency of 2.53% at 420 nm. In contrast, the 2D imine‐linked COF cannot catalyze the overall water‐splitting reaction. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the cyanovinylene linkage is essential in modulating the band structure and promoting charge separation in COFs, thereby enabling overall water splitting. Moreover, it is further shown that crystallinity substantially impacts the photocatalytic performance of COFs. This study represents the first successful example of developing metal‐free COFs with high crystallinity for photocatalytic overall water splitting.
Forward Brillouin Scattering Spectroscopy in Optical Fibers with Whispering‐Gallery Modes
Authors: Sánchez Luís A. , Delgado‐Pinar Martina , Díez Antonio , Andrés Miguel V.
Published: October 2023

Opto‐mechanical interactions in different photonic platforms as optical fibers and optical microresonators are raising great attention, and new exciting achievements have been reported in the last few years. Transverse acoustic mode resonances (TAMRs) in optical fibers –which can be excited optically via electrostriction and generate forward Brillouin scattering (FBS)– are being promoted as the physical mechanism for new fiber‐sensing concepts. Here, the study reports a novel approach to detect and characterize opto‐excited TAMRs of an optical fiber based on the interplay with optical surface wave resonances, i.e., optical whispering‐gallery mode (WGM) resonances. TAMRs induce perturbations in the geometry and the dielectric permittivity of the fiber over the entire cross‐section. It is shown that these perturbations couple the acoustic with the optical resonances and affect WGMs in a noticeable way. The study proposes and demonstrates the use of WGMs for probing opto‐excited TAMRs in optical fibers. This probing technique provides the narrowest linewidths ever reported for the TAMRs and demonstrates an optimum efficiency for the detection of low‐order TAMRs. The interplay between sensitivity, bandwidth, and Q factor of the WGM resonance is discussed.
Trends in nursing feedback for emergency medicine residents: A mixed‐methods survey analysis of national practices
Authors: Tsyrulnik Alina , Fleming‐Nouri Alex , Ikejiani Suzette , Bradby Cassandra , Coughlin Ryan F. , Bod Jessica , Della‐Giustina David , Goldflam Katja
Published: October 2023

Background

Feedback is critical for physician development. Multisource feedback is especially important in a team‐based specialty such as emergency medicine (EM) and is required by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Nursing assessments provide a unique perspective, but little is known about the current national patterns of their collection and use in EM.

Methods

We surveyed EM program directors using a mixed‐methods approach to explore the use of nursing assessment of EM residents. Descriptive data were reported as absolute numbers and percentages. An adjunct analysis of free‐text responses was done using the framework method.

Results

The response rate for our survey was 63% (190 responses), of which 84% currently collect nursing feedback. Respondents from 94% of programs agreed that nursing feedback is useful in assessing professionalism and respondents from 92% of programs agreed that nursing feedback is useful in assessing communication and interpersonal skills, while 44% agreed that it is useful in informing resident medical knowledge. Forty‐two percent reported that nursing feedback did not directly influence residents' progression through their training, while 2% indicated that such feedback played a significant role in leading to dismissal or probation. The majority of programs (64%) that do not collect feedback from nurses have done so in the past and hope to do so in the future. Qualitative analysis revealed themes of logistic challenges with data collection, concern regarding quality of feedback, and retributive or gender‐disparate feedback.

Conclusions

Nursing assessments of EM residents were collected by most responding programs and majority of those who do not collect them presently wish to do so in the future. They were considered particularly useful in the assessment of interpersonal skills, communication, and professionalism. However, lack of uniform methods for collecting assessment that meaningfully informs resident development and progression represents a challenge and direction for future inquiry.
Effects of direct grain subsidies on food consumption of rural residents in China
Authors: Xu Wenyan , Zhao Qiran , Fan Shenggen , Zhu Chen
Published: October 2023

The agricultural subsidy is an important policy instrument that aims to maintain food security and promote agricultural development in several countries. China introduced its first nationwide agricultural subsidy (i.e., the direct grain subsidy) for farmers in 2004. This study examines the impacts of direct grain subsidies on rural residents' food consumption patterns and nutritional intake on an individual basis. Based on a nationally representative sample of rural households from the National Rural Fixed Observation Points Survey data collected by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China between 2003 and 2015, high‐dimensional fixed‐effects estimates show that the direct grain subsidy has boosted rural residents' grain consumption but reduced aquatic products, eggs, and dairy consumption in China. Specifically, an increase of 100 Chinese Yuan in per capita subsidies is associated with a rise of 14.94 g in daily grain consumption but a decrease of 0.57, 0.46, and 0.90 g in aquatic products, eggs, and dairy consumption, respectively. Furthermore, direct grain subsidies intensified rural residents' dietary imbalance and declined their dietary diversity. Observed dietary imbalance can be primarily attributed to the subsidy encouraging households' self‐sufficient grain consumption, leading to excessive cereal consumption and relatively lower consumption of meat, eggs, and milk. Our findings suggest that direct grain subsidies emphasizing the production of staple grains may inadvertently skew farmers' food consumption and nutritional intake, which may require consideration when evaluating the overall costs and benefits of agricultural subsidy policies. [EconLit Citations: D12, H20, I12, Q18].