Determination of acute toxicity of antiprotozoal drug “Avizuril”
Authors: Hunko O. A. , Fotina T. I. 
Published: July 2022

Chickenpox is an intestinal disease that disrupts growth and suppresses the immune system, leading to high mortality, which researchers estimate is more than $ 3 billion annually in poultry. However, a significant problem of modern animal husbandry and especially poultry farming is the emergence of resistance in Eimeria to almost all coccidiostats. It is possible to prevent and prevent the emergence of drug resistance only by rotating the drugs with different active substances. For this purpose, 3–4 different drugs are used in the cultivation of animals and poultry. The goal of the work. In connection with the above purpose of the study was to determine the toxicity of the new antiprotozoal drug “Avizuril”. Depending on the amount of Avizuril administered, the mean lethal dose (DL50) and the main parameters of acute toxicity were determined using the methods of G. Kerber (1931) and G. Pershin (1939, 1950). To determine the toxicity of the drug used male and female white rats aged three months, weighing 180 ± 9.0 g. For feeding animals used feed according to a unified diet. Toxic effect of the drug “Avizuril” on experimental rats is observed at a dose of 1200 mg/kg. Based on the data on the calculation of the average lethal dose of the drug “Avizuril” when administered into the stomach by G. Kerber (1931), it was found that the DL50 for white rats is 1570 mg per 1 kg of animal weight. At autopsy, rats that died from acute poisoning were noted hyperemia and edema of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, congestion in the lungs, heart and liver, enlargement of the spleen. At the next stage of research, the subtoxic dose of Avizuril was determined. Observations of animals showed that 1–3 hours after oral administration of the drug in a subtoxic dose in laboratory animals showed suffocation and depression of the central nervous system. Most of them died during the first day. Subsequent observations of the surviving animals showed that their motor response was suppressed for the next 24–72 hours. In studies of acute toxicity of the drug “Avizuril” it was found that when administered intragastrically to white rats DL50 for white rats is 1570 mg per 1 kg of animal weight. Studies of the effect of the subtoxic dose of the drug “Avizuril” when administered orally on the general functional parameters of experimental rats noted suffocation and depression of the central nervous system, the death of most animals during the first day. Subsequently, the behavior of the surviving animals was characterized by suppression of motor reactions during the next 24–72 hours, decreased motor activity, agitation, reactivity and aggression, movement disorders, decreased response to touch and pain. According to the Sanitary and hygienic norms and SOU 85.2-37-736: 2011 according to the toxicity class the drug “Avizuril” in the concentration of 2.5 % when administered to the stomach of white rats belongs to the third class of danger (moderately dangerous compounds). In the future, it is planned to study the allergic properties of the drug “Avizuril”.