bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The paradoxical availability of raw materials in the bioethanol production
Authors: Nolasco Hipólito Cirilo , Carvajal Zarrabal Octavio , Bujang Kopli , Antonio Cisneros Cynthia Magaly , Carrillo Ahumada Jesús , Yakub5 Ibrahim , García Gómez María de Jesús , Núñez Gaona Óscar
Published: October 2023

The production of bioethanol is influenced by economic, social, political, and technological aspects. Technology has contributed to improving and simplifying the production process. On the other hand, the global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, better known as Covid-19, has affected the market as its price has substantially increased. Raw material and transportation costs have also impacted the international market. Therefore, more efforts are being dedicated to finding alternative raw materials for bioethanol production. Agricultural waste or starches that are not used entirely for human consumption have the potential to produce bioethanol, but paradoxically, they cannot be commercialized. This report focuses on potential raw materials for bioethanol production and how their possible commercial exploitation declines when they acquire a cost for their transformation into higher value-added products. Price increases discourage investment in the diversification of these raw materials. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v17i3.1225
The emergence and need for explainable AI
Authors: Chia Harmon Lee Bruce
Published: October 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, particularly deep learning models, have revolutionized numerous sectors with their unprecedented performance capabilities. However, the intricate structures of these models often result in a "black-box" characterization, making their decisions difficult to understand and trust. Explainable AI (XAI) emerges as a solution, aiming to unveil the inner workings of complex AI systems. This paper embarks on a comprehensive exploration of prominent XAI techniques, evaluating their effectiveness, comprehensibility, and robustness across diverse datasets. Our findings highlight that while certain techniques excel in offering transparent explanations, others provide a cohesive understanding across varied models. The study accentuates the importance of crafting AI systems that seamlessly marry performance with interpretability, fostering trust and facilitating broader AI adoption in decision-critical domains.
The quality improvement method of vibroseis records
Authors: Zhang Li
Published: October 2023

Vibroseis seismic acquisition technology is a method of acquiring seismic data utilizing correlation technology. Specifically, the seismic single shot record is obtained through correlation between the reference signal and the mother record. Specifically, the seismic single shot record is obtained through correlation between the reference signal and the mother record. Specifically, the seismic single shot record is obtained through correlation between the reference signal and the mother record. In line with pertinent technical regulations, greater correlation between the two signals equates to superior correlation outcomes. The reference signal is transmitted to the surface via the vibration of the vibrating plate. This is achieved using the vibroseis machine. However, due to the coupling relationship between the vibrating plate and the surface, the vibration signal output by the former is not equivalent to the vibration signal received by the latter. Consequently, the correlation between the reference signal and parent record fails to procure the best correlation result. In this paper, a technique is presented for establishing a correlation between the surface vibration signals captured by the geophone in proximity to the vibroseis and the reference record. This approach improves the quality of the correlated single shot, and holds significant potential for broad dissemination.
AI in cloud computing: Exploring how cloud providers can leverage AI to optimize resource allocation, improve scalability, and offer AI-as-a-service solutions
Authors: Mohammed Khatoon
Published: October 2023

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in cloud computing heralds a transformative phase for the tech industry. As cloud infrastructures become more sophisticated, the potential of optimizing these services using AI has captured significant attention. This study aimed to explore how cloud providers can leverage AI to optimize resource allocation, enhance scalability, and offer innovative AI-as-a-Service (AIaaS) solutions. Through a mixed-method approach, insights were gleaned from companies that have adopted AI in their cloud architectures. The findings elucidate that AI-driven methods have led to substantial operational savings and a reduction in downtimes. Moreover, the proliferation of AIaaS models is particularly beneficial for mid-level enterprises and startups. However, concerns around data privacy, potential biases, and integration costs emerge as significant challenges. Future work in this domain promises to delve deeper into these challenges, aiming for a harmonious synergy between AI and cloud computing.
AI-driven cybersecurity: Utilizing machine learning and deep learning techniques for real-time threat detection, analysis, and mitigation in complex IT networks
Authors: Alionsi Dabi Dabouabi Dalo
Published: October 2023

With the escalating complexity of IT networks and the surge in cyber threats, the need for advanced, real-time security solutions has never been more paramount. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) present promising avenues for enhancing the detection, analysis, and mitigation of threats in these intricate networks. The paper delves into the confluence of ML and DL techniques in the realm of cybersecurity, focusing on their application for real-time threat detection within IT infrastructures. Drawing from recent research and developments, the study underscores the potential of these techniques in outmaneuvering conventional security models, while also shedding light on the inherent challenges and areas for future exploration.
Natural language processing for business analytics
Authors: Dallo Khan Ali Marwani
Published: October 2023

Natural Language Processing (NLP), a branch of artificial intelligence, is gaining traction as a potent tool for business analytics. With the proliferation of unstructured textual data, businesses are actively seeking methodologies to distill valuable insights from vast textual repositories. The introduction of NLP in the realm of business analytics offers a transformative approach, automating traditional manual processes and fostering real-time, data-driven decision-making. From sentiment analysis to text summarization, NLP is facilitating businesses in deciphering consumer feedback, predicting market trends, and breaking down linguistic barriers in the age of globalization. This paper sheds light on the evolution of NLP techniques in business analytics, their applications, and the inherent challenges and opportunities they present.
Условно точно решаемый одномерный диракoвский потенциал псевдоскалярного взаимодействия
Authors: Казарян А. М. , Ишханян А. М. , Редьков В. М.
Published: October 2023

Мы исследуем аналитически решаемый потенциал псевдоскалярного взаимодействия для одномерного стационарного уравнения Дирака, состоящего из степенных членов, пропорциональных x-1 , x-1/3 и x1/3 . Этот потенциал классифицируется как условно точно решаемый из-за фиксированного значения коэффициента первого члена. Мы представляем общее решение уравнения Дирака в терминах функций Эрмита с нецелочисленными индексами, которые отличаются от обычных полиномов Эрмита с целочисленными индексами. Мы анализируем энергетический спектр связанных состояний и собственные функции и сравниваем результаты со случаем без члена x-1/3 .
Ուսումնասիրված է անալիտիկորեն լուծվող պսևդոսկալյար փոխազդեցության մի պոտենցիալ՝ Դիրակի միաչափ ստացիոնար հավասարման համար, որը բաղկացած է x-1 , x-1/3 և x-1/3 անդամներից։ Քանի որ առաջին անդամի գործակիցն ունի ֆիքսված արժեք, այս պոտենցիալը դասակարգվում է որպես պայմանականորեն ճշգրիտ լուծվող։ Ներկայացված է Դիրակի հավասարման ընդհանուր լուծումը ոչամբողջ ինդեքսով Հերմիտի ֆունկցիաներով, որոնք տարբերվում են ամբողջ թվային ինդեքսով Հերմիտի բազմանդամներից։ Վերլուծված են կապված վիճակների էներգիական սպեկտրը, սեփական ֆունկցիաները և արդյունքները համեմատված են այն դեպքի հետ, երբ x-1/3 անդամը բացակայում է։
We study an analytically solvable pseudoscalar interaction potential for the one-dimensional stationary Dirac equation, which consists of power terms proportional to x-1 , x-1/3, and 1/3 x . This potential is classified as conditionally exactly solvable due to the fixed strength of the first term at a specific constant. We present the general solution to the Dirac equation in terms of non-integer index Hermite functions, which are distinct from the conventional integer index Hermite polynomials. We analyze the energy spectrum of the bound states and the eigenfunctions and compare the results with the case without the x-1/3 term.
Монокристаллы YAlO3:Er для лазеров спектрального диапазона 1.6 мкм
Authors: Дерзян М. В. , Ованесян К. Л. , Еганян А. В. , Гамбарян И. A. , Бадалян Г. P. , Горбаченя К. Н. , Кисель В. Э. , Кулешов Н. В. , Петросян А. Г.
Published: October 2023

Методом Бриджмена выращены монокристаллы YAlO3-Er (YAP:Er) из расплавов с разным соотношением Y/Al. Сравниваются структурные дефекты и центры окраски при Y/Al = 1 и Y/Al > 1, а также образующиеся в кристаллах в результате гамма-облучения и термообработки. На основе полученных данных определены условия выращивания кристаллов YAP:Er, свободных от центров окраски и двойников. Исследованы спектрально-люминесцентные свойства кристаллов: зарегистрированы спектры поглощения и люминесценции в поляризованном свете, исследована кинетика люминесценции и определено время жизни уровня 4I13/2 иона Er3+.
YAlO3-Er (YAP:Er) միաբյուրեղները աճեցվել են Բրիջմենի եղանակով հալույթներից տարբեր Y/Al հարաբերակցությամբ: Համեմատվել է բյուրեղներում կառուցվածքային արատների և գունավորման կենտրոնների ձևավորումը Y/Al = 1 և Y/Al > 1 համար, ինչպես նաև գամմա- ճառագայթման և ջերմային մշակման դեպքում: Ստացված արդյունքների հիման վրա որոշվել են գունավորման կենտրոններից և կրկնակներից զերծ YAP:Er բյուրեղների աճեցման պայմանները: Հետազոտվել են բյուրեղների սպեկտրալ-լյումինեսցենտային հատկությունները՝ գրանցվել են բևեռացած լույսում կլանման և լյումինեսցենցիայի սպեկտրերը, հետազոտվել է լյումինեսցենցիայի կինետիկան և որոշվել է Er3+ իոնի 4I13/2 մակարդակի կյանքի տևողությունը:
Single crystals of YAlO3-Er (YAP:Er) are grown by the Bridgman method from melts with different Y/Al ratio. The structural defects and color centers are compared for Y/Al = 1 и Y/Al > 1, as well as formed in the processes of gamma-irradiation and thermal treatment. Based on the obtained data, growth conditions of YAP:Er crystals free of color centers and twins are determined. Spectral-luminescent properties of crystals are investigated, i.e., the polarized absorption and luminescent spectra are registered, the luminescence kinetics is investigated and the lifetime of the 4I13/2 level of Er3+ ion is determined.
Зависимость механизма проводимости и диэлектрических свойств пленок оксида цинка от степени легирования литием
Authors: Агамалян Н. Р. , Айвазян О. Л. , Вартанян Т. А. , Кафадарян Е. А. , Мнацаканя Г. Г. , Овсепян Р. К. , Погосян А. Р.
Published: October 2023

Исследовано влияние легирования литием на диэлектрические характе- ристики и механизм проводимости пленок оксида цинка, полученных методом вакуумного электронно-лучевого напыления. Обнаружена сильная дисперсия констант диэлектрической проницаемости при низких частотах, связанная с межфазной поляризацией на границах зерен. Показано, что частотные зависимости проводимости хорошо описываются теорией Мотта. Установлено, что механизм проводимости на переменном токе с ростом концентрации лития претерпевает качественные изменения: прыжковая проводимость сменяется коррелированными прыжками через барьер и, наконец, туннелированием поляронов малого радиуса. Характеристики полученных пленок свидетельствуют о возможности использовать их для создания емкостного элемента памяти, а также в качестве канала полевого транзистора.
The effect of lithium impurity on the dielectric characteristics and the mechanism of conductivity of zinc oxide thin films obtained by electron beam deposition method was studied. A strong dispersion of permittivity constants at low frequencies associated with interfacial polarization at grain boundaries was found. It was shown that the frequency dependences of the conductivity are well described by the Mott theory. It has been established that the mechanism of ac conductivity undergoes qualitative changes with increasing of lithium concentration: hopping conductivity is replaced by correlated hops through the barrier and, finally, tunneling of small radius polarons. The characteristics of the obtained films indicate the possibility of using them to create a capacitive memory element, as well as a channel of a field-effect transistor.
Анализ магнитных характеристик однодоменных ферромагнитных и суперпарамагнитнитных наночастиц в нанокомпозите Ni@C
Authors: Гюласарян А. Т.
Published: October 2023

Исследованы магнитные размерные эффекты однодоменных наночастиц никеля, капсулированных графитоподобной углеродной оболочкой (нанокомпо- зиты Ni@C). Наряду с ферро- и суперпарамагнитными характеристиками образцы проявляют парамагнетизм, обусловленный поверхностными ионами никеля, образованными из-за переноса заряда с углеродной матрицы. Проведен подробный анализ суммарных кривых намагниченности М(Н) и коэрцитивности при 10 К и определены соответствующие магнитные параметры.
Ուսումնասիրվել են գրաֆիտանման ածխածնային թաղանթով պատված նիկելի միադոմեն նանոմասնիկների չափային մագնիսական երևույթները (Ni@C նանոկոմպոզիտներ)։ Ֆեռո– և սուպերպարամագնիսական բնութագրերի հետ մեկտեղ նմուշները ցուցադրում են պարամագնիսականություն՝ ածխածնի մատրիցից լիցքի փոխանցման արդյունքում առաջացած նիկելի մակերեսային իոնների պատճառով: Կատարվել է M(H) մագնիսացման ընդհանուր կորերի և կոերցիտիվ ուժի մանրամասն վերլուծություն 10 Կ-ում, որոշվել են համապատասխան մագնիսական պարամետրերը:
The magnetic size effects of single-domain nickel nanoparticles encapsulated by a graphite-like carbon shell (Ni@C nanocomposites) have been studied. Along with ferro- and superparamagnetic characteristics, the samples exhibit paramagnetism due to surface nickel ions formed due to charge transfer from the carbon matrix. A detailed analysis of the total curves of magnetization M(H) and coercivity at 10 K was carried out and the corresponding magnetic parameters were determined.
Увеличение полосы пропускания и улучшение изоляции элементов миниатюризированной фазированной антенной решетки
Authors: Степанян А. Г.
Published: October 2023

Исследована фазированная антенная решетка с электрически малыми параметрами. Для уменьшения размеров антенны в качестве материала подложки использованы диэлектрические и магнитодиэлектрические материалы (МДМ) с высокой диэлектрической проницаемостью. Чтобы проанализировать влияние материала подложки на характеристики антенны, для диэлектрика и МДМ учитывался одинаковый показатель преломления. Сравнены основные параметры микрополосковых антенных решеток на основе диэлектрических подложек с высокой диэлектрической проницаемостью и МДМ. Результаты моделирования показывают, что использование МДМ приводит к улучшению полосы пропускания, изоляции между элементами и идеальному согласованию импеданса (коэффициент стоячей волны по напряжению (КСВН) <1.1 для центральной частоты) между материалом и свободным пространством в гораздо более широкой полосе пропускания.
Ուսումնասիրվել են էլեկտրականապես փոքր փուլային անտենային ցանցերը: Անտենայի չափը փոքրացնելու համար որպես տակդիր կիրառվել են բարձր թափանցելիությամբ դիէլեկտրիկական և մագնիսաէլեկտրական նյութեր։ Նյութի բնութագրերի ազդեցությունն անտենայի վրա վերլուծելու նպատակով՝ դիէլեկտրիկի և մագնիսադիէլեկտրիկի համար դիտարկվում է միևնույն բեկման ցուցիչը։ Համեմատվել են բարձր թափանցելիությամբ դիէլեկտրիկի և մագնիսադիէլեկտրիկի հիման վրա միկրոշերտավոր անտենայի հիմնական բնութագրերը: Մոդելավորման արդյունքները ցույց են տալիս, որ մագնիսադիէլեկտրիկի օգտագործումը հանգեցնում է տարրերի միջև թողունակության և մեկուսացման բարելավմանը, դիմադրության համաձայնեցում (լարման կանգուն ալիքի գործակցի (ԼԿԱԳ) <1.1 կենտրոնական հաճախականության համար) նյութի և ազատ տարածության միջև շատ ավելի լայն թողունակությամբ:
In this paper the electrically small phased antenna array is investigated. High permittivity dielectric and magnetodielectric materials (MDM) are used for antenna array substrate in order to miniaturize antenna size. So as to analyze material parameter influence on antenna performance, same refractive index is considered for dielectric and MDM. The basic parameters of high permittivity based, and MDM based microstrip patch antenna arrays are compared. The simulation results shows that the usage of MDM brings to the improvement in bandwidth and isolation between elements, perfect impedance matching (voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <1.1 for center frequency) between material and free space over a much wider bandwidth.
Vertebro-Vertebral Fistula Occlusion Using a Woven EndoBridgeTM-Device
Authors: Dahl Rasmus Holmboe , Ghasemi-Rad Mohammad , Eskesen Vagn , Frevert Susanne Christiansen , Sølling Christine , Benndorf Goetz
Published: October 2023

Vertebro-vertebral fistulas (VVFs) are vascular lesions that may develop after trauma or spontaneously in association with connective tissue disorders. We present a rare case of a post-traumatic VVF in a young patient presenting with a painless swelling and a bruit in her left upper neck. Digital subtraction angiography showed an arteriovenous fistula between the left vertebral artery (VA) and the vertebral venous plexus with significant steal phenomenon. Endovascular therapy was performed using a Woven EndoBridgeTM (WEB)-device combined with coils that allowed preservation of the VA. The patient fully recovered from her symptoms and follow-up imaging showed stable occlusion. In conclusion, VVFs can be effectively treated using intrasaccular flow diverters such as the WEB-device, allowing for complete and stable occlusion while preserving the parent artery.
The Impact Mechanism and Empirical Test of Rural Collective Economy on Common Prosperity
Authors: Cheng Yaxian , Wu Chao , Dong Yaxuan
Published: October 2023

The rural collective economy is an important part of the economic development of socialism with Chinese characteristics and is of great significance to achieving common prosperity. Select China's 31 provincial panel data from 2012 to 2021 , use the entropy method to measure the development index of the rural collective economy and common prosperity, use the panel regression model to explore the impact of the rural collective economy on common prosperity, and conduct a heterogeneity test. The conclusions drawn are as follows: first, the rural collective economy can significantly and positively promote the realization of common prosperity. After robustness and endogeneity tests, this conclusion still holds; second, the rural collective economy can increase farmers’ income and optimize resources by promoting Allocation indirectly promotes the realization of common prosperity; third, the impact of rural collective economy on common prosperity has significant temporal and regional heterogeneity. Based on this, suggestions are put forward to improve local policies, protect farmers' interests, and optimize resource allocation.
The Relationship between Deadline Setting and Students’ Time Preferences
Authors: Yang Donghua
Published: October 2023

Research on the application of Quasi-hyperbolic Discounting Model in behavioral economics has been a hot area, but there is not much information on its application at the secondary school level. In this article, the author mainly explores several influencing factors of students' time preference, including gender, degree of self-controlling under free condition and degree of self-controlling under teacher's mandatory, collects data through paper interview papers and uses T-test to analyze method and analysis of averages to analyze the results. In the result, it is found that there is a relationship between the student's self-discipline and the delta parameter in the student's time preference. Due to practical limitations and a small sample size, this conclusion cannot use the analysis method suitable for large sample size analysis. Therefore, the conclusion drawn may be slightly biased, and later research is needed.
Visual Analysis on the Research of Color-based Image Retrieval
Authors: Su Yizhou , Xu Kangjian
Published: October 2023

This study retrieved relevant literature on color-based image retrieval in the Web of Science core database, and used bibliometrics and CiteSpace 6.1.R2 software to visually analyze the authors, institutions, and keywords of literature published in this field from 2005 to 2023. This study summarized the current status and development trend of color-based image retrieval and combined information extraction to select and include 716 articles for analysis. The results showed that: (1) In the last 20 years, the number of publications in this field has gone through a slow budding phase, a fluctuating growth phase, and an explosive growth phase; research in this area has been highly active in recent three years. (2) The authors of this field have a relatively even distribution of publications and some authors have formed close collaborative groups. (3) The research institutions mainly include research institutes and comprehensive universities, which have close collaborations with each other. (4) Co-occurrence and clustering analysis of keywords showed that research in this field is mainly focused on the main paths, research methods, and technological tools of color-based image retrieval, as well as key objects and potential influencing factors in the technological process. (5) Emerging keywords analysis predicted that more precise color description and extraction technology will be the focus of future research. In conclusion, color-based image retrieval is still in a hot research and technology explosion phase, and cooperation between countries, institutions, and authors should be strengthened to conduct more in-depth research.
The Application of Modern Educational Technology in Physical Education in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Xu Xiaofeng
Published: October 2023

This study aims to explore the application of modern educational technology in physical education in colleges and universities. The background and purpose of the study are first analysed in the introduction, followed by the introduction of related concepts. Subsequently, the specific in-depth analysis of the specific role of modern educational technology in physical education in colleges and universities is presented and demonstrated through a case study. Finally, the conclusions of the study are summarised. Through this study, the application of modern educational technology in physical education in colleges and universities can be understood in depth, providing reference and suggestions for the reform of physical education in colleges and universities.
Research on the Risk Identification and Evaluation of Enterprise Supply Chain under Major Public Emergencies
Authors: Wang Haoyu
Published: October 2023

Under the background of globalization, the complex economic and social environment leads to the constant change of the supply chain system and the huge risk of management. Especially in recent years, the frequent occurrence of natural disasters, major public events, production accidents, product quality and safety accidents and other emergencies around the world has broken the smooth state of the supply chain, and even caused the rupture of the supply chain, causing great harm to the normal operation of the supply chain system. The risk of the supply chain stems from the uncertainty of the internal and external relations of the supply chain system and among the members of the supply chain. However, the occurrence of emergencies increasingly leads to the prominence of this uncertainty. The supply chain risk caused by emergencies is increasing, and it is increasingly difficult for the supply chain to recover from the failure caused by emergencies. Therefore, it is urgent to study the supply chain risk management under emergencies.
Discussion and Research on Ecological Waterway
Authors: Sun Song
Published: October 2023

Ecological waterway construction requires coordination and unity with natural ecology in the process of waterway construction, realize green development, and form a benign interactive construction and development model, which is in line with the concept of ecological society construction in the new period of our country. This paper makes an in-depth study of the background, research status, related methods and key technologies of the ecological waterway, and puts forward several questions according to the current situation, hoping to provide help for the relevant personnel and attract attention.
On the Non-linear Impact of Agricultural Technological Progress on Rural Revitalization
Authors: Huang Cuixia , Yu Miaofang , Chen Changying , Ning Qianqian
Published: October 2023

There are studies on the impact of agricultural technology progress on rural revitalization. Domestic scholars have initially studied the relationship between the two. Agricultural technological progress has a significant impact on rural revitalization, and rural revitalization is a nonlinear system. This paper will use the threshold variable model and the DLNM nonlinear lag model to deeply test the nonlinear impact of agricultural technological progress on rural revitalization, and at the same time explore whether there is a lagged impact, explore the path of rural revitalization using the mediation model, and put forward relevant policy suggestions.
An Examination of the Impact of the EU Ban on Naked Purchases of Sovereign Credit Default Swaps
Authors: JEANCHRISTOPHE MEYFREDI  , DOMINIC O’KANE
Published: October 2023

We examine the impact of the November 2012 EU ban on the naked purchasing of EUsovereign credit default swaps (CDS). Using a change point model (CPM), we find thatthe ban directly reduced trading volumes for single-name CDS on EU sovereign linkedcredit. We show that the ban reduced price correlation between CDS and Eurozonesovereign bonds and we find that the tendency for CDS spread changes to ‘Grangercause’ bond spread changes dropped after the ban, with bond prices then leadingCDS prices in most core EU countries. Price discovery now occurs in the bond market.Overall, we see that the EU ban on the naked short selling of EU sovereign CDShas weakened the relationship between CDS and bond prices, making CDS hedgingless effective. We suggest that a non-functioning CDS market can lead to an increasein sovereign funding levels
Residential Real Estate in a Mixed-Asset Portfolio
Authors: PHILIPPE BERTRAND  , JEAN-LUC PRIGENT
Published: October 2023

Mixed-asset portfolio optimization consists in determining the best allocation amongstandard financial assets such as money market accounts, bonds, stocks and realestate asset as well. For this latter kind of asset, computing the optimal weight canbe challenging. First, there is the need to specify the kind of real estate included in theportfolio (commercial, industrial, residential, direct, REIT shares). Second, the pricesused to calibrate real estate values need to be chosen from alternatives like: appraisalvalues, actual real estate transactions, repeated sales, indices. In this paper we focuson private residential real estate returns, investigating the optimal weight of thereal asset with respect to standard financial assets. Using quarterly data on housingindices for four European countries, France, Germany, UK and Spain, we address thequestion of how investing in housing affects the composition of an investor’s portfolio. We show in particular under which conditions we recover the typical 15%-20%real asset allocation.
Does Sustainability Reduce Country Default Risk?
Authors: MATHIEU GEX  , ISABELLE GIRERD-POTIN  , SONIA JIMENEZGARCÈS  , PASCAL LOUVET
Published: October 2023

Using the CDS premium as a proxy for default risk, and studying 41 countries rated bythe social rating agency Vigeo, we show that higher country social ratings are associated with lower sovereign default risk. From the credit rating and the sustainableVigeo scores we highlight three independent components called social, environmentaland economic dimensions. The most valuable information for appraising sovereigndefault risk comes from the environmental and the economic dimensions. By referringto a Choquet integral methodology, we aggregate these two dimensions in an overallscore which better explains country default risk than the credit rating taken alone.
Financing Start-ups: the Complementarity of Crowdfunding and Banking
Authors: JEAN MOUSSAVOU
Published: October 2023

The complementarity of crowdfunding (CF) and banking makes it possible to extendthe area of financial intermediation to many innovative startups that could not havebeen created or developed. It is justified within the limits of traditional banking intermediation to finance certain types of risks. In this article we propose to rely on thetheory of financial intermediation and that of the industrial economy to show howbanking and crowdfunding can be considered as institutionally complementary. Thearticle reviews the theory of financial intermediation by integrating the contributions of the Two-sided Market theory. It shows how crowdfunding platforms digitallytransform exchange relationships between project leaders and investors. This way, itparticipates in the understanding of new business models and digitalization processesin the banking and financial services industry
Basel III Credit Valuation Adjustment Capital Charge and Wrong Way Risk
Authors: MABELLE SAYAH
Published: October 2023

As part of a very dynamic financial environment, regulations are always being improvedand enhanced in order to keep the financial markets as transparent and regulated aspossible. Basel is currently shifting towards central clearing of derivatives productsand amending a capital charge, Credit Valuation Adjustment (CVA) capital charge, forthose that are not cleared through Central Counterparty Clearing Houses. In this work,a first part explains the newly proposed approaches for computing the regulatory CVAcapital requirement. Afterwards, the importance of incorporating the Wrong Way Risk(WWR) in the computation of the CVA is detailed. An approach based on Error Correction Models highlights the differing impact of such risk for several counterparties.Applications on interest rate swaps with a single investment grade sovereign counterparty are considered. A first conclusion discusses the divergence between the tworegulatory approaches when dealing with different counterparties within the samerisk bucket. In addition, another result is interpreted following the ECM methods reflecting the changing impact of the WWR for the counterparties considered: even forthe three European investment grade sovereigns, the model reflected a higher WWRfor Spain than the one observed for Ireland or France. A proposed modified scale forBasel methodologies would account for the effective credit quality and WWR of eachspecific counterparty in a way that converges the requested charge under both possible regulatory capital charge methodologies.
Analysis of the competition between cash and mobile payments in markets with mobile partnerships.
Authors: FRANÇOISE VASSELIN
Published: October 2023

In recent years, the market of retail payment solutions has experienced two major innovations since the introduction of bank cards in the 1960s. One of these innovations concerns the use of electronic money (e-money) recorded in prepaid cards (also called e-purses). As far as the second innovation is concerned, it is closely related to the use of mobile phones as a new means of payment via mobile payment applications (MPAs). Both electronic means ofpayment constitute alternatives to cash and have been designed for points of sale (POS) transactions. Today in retail, consumers can use cash or three electronic payment instruments: bank cards to transfer deposits, e-purses to transfer e-money and MPAs to transfer one or the either. These two kinds of scriptural money (deposits and e-money) which are transferred through a mobile device will be referred to as « mobile money » (M-money)throughout this paper
How Do Institutional Frameworks Shape Financial Development in Developing Countries?
Authors: MOHAMED SAHBI NAKHLI, PHD  , BRAHIM GAIES  , KHALED GUESMI  , JEAN-YVES MOISSERON
Published: October 2023

While the economic effects of financial development have been widely studied,less attention has been paid to the sources of such development, particularly indeveloping countries. Existing studies that have identified institutions as a driverof financial development have not taken into account the different institutionalframeworks, such as democracy, political stability and social policies in Africa,where institutional and financial development is a challenge to trigger the economictake-off of countries. This paper aims to fill this gap by studying the effect of differentinstitutional frameworks on financial development in a sample of North andsub-Saharan African countries using a panel ARDL analysis. In contrast to previousliterature that supports a positive effect between institutions and finance, we findmore nuanced results. While less corruption, expropriation, political instability andautocracy favor the financial sector, a higher level of social policies can undermineits development. These results validate the “hierarchy of institutions”-hypothesisand reveal a “social-financial” dilemma in African countries.
Creditor rights protection and bank stability in developing countries: evidence from Tunisia
Authors: BOUAZIZ LAMIA
Published: October 2023

This paper analyzes the impact of creditor rights protection and the potential impact of interaction between legal rights and information sharing on the financial stability of banks in a developing country. We look at a sample of Tunisian listed banks over the period 2005-2018. We use an econometric method on a panel data framework that deals with heteroscedasticity and contemporaneous correlation problems. We show that poor legal protection of creditor rights increases Tunisian bank fragility. Indeed, the weakness of bankruptcy laws that favor debtors at the expense of creditors and the distorted collateral regime are significant in explaining the non-performing loans levels of Tunisian banks. In addition, our findings highlight the importance of credit information sharing in enhancing bank’s credit quality. This effect is not only statistically significant but also economically large. Results suggest that an increase in credit information depth index by one standard deviation reduces bank risk by 1.59 percentage points. Finally, we show that the development of credit information sharing cannot substitute to a poor legal protection of creditor rights. Therefore, a true improvement of bank credit quality requires reforms toward more efficient insolvency procedures and collateral enforcement.
Editorial
Authors: FTITI Zied
Published: October 2023

EDITORIAL
Successful diagnosis of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy: A woman without abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding
Authors: Kudu Emre , Aslan Sena Özge , Genç Dilan , Demir Oğuzhan , Denizbaşı Arzu
Published: October 2023

Ectopic pregnancy is the implantation of the developing embryo outside the uterine cavity. It usually occurs in the fallopian tubes. One
of the critical complications of ectopic pregnancy is rupture. The most common symptoms of ectopic pregnancy rupture are vaginal
bleeding and abdominal pain. In atypical presentations, the diagnosis is based on suspicion. Herein, we presented a case of ruptured
ectopic pregnancy with an atypical presentation. The diagnosis of ruptured ectopic pregnancy should be considered when women with
childbearing potential apply to the emergency department.
Phân tích các yếu tố quyết định đến việc giữ chân nhân viên của các công ty xây dựng tại An Giang
Authors: Kiệt Huỳnh Anh , Chu Việt Cường , Nguyễn Văn Minh
Published: October 2023

Đối với ngành xây dựng ở Việt Nam, nguồn nhân lực đóng vai trò cực kỳ quan trọng và ảnh hưởng đến sự thành công và phát triển của các dự án xây dựng. Tuy nhiên, một vấn đề đặt ra cho các công ty xây dựng trong việc quản trị nguồn nhân lực đó là giữ chân nhân viên. Việc nhân viên bỏ việc sau một khoảng thời gian làm việc gây ra nhiều khó khăn cho các công ty. Nghiên cứu này tập trung phân tích các yếu tố quyết định đến việc giữ chân nhân viên tại các công ty xây dựng tại An Giang. 15 yếu tố quyết định đến việc giữ chân nhân viên của các công ty xây dựng chia làm 03 nhóm. 180 bảng câu hỏi khảo sát được thu thập. Phương pháp tính toán tổng hợp mờ (FSE) được áp dụng để đánh giá mức độ quan trọng của các nhóm này. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy nhóm “Các yếu tố về công ty” có mức độ ảnh hưởng lớn nhất đến quyết định gắn bó làm việc ở công ty xây dựng tại An Giang.
Nghiên cứu xác định vị trí phân chia các lớp đổ tối ưu của kết cấu bê tông khối lớn thi công bằng phương pháp đổ liên tục kết hợp phân chia lớp đổ tỏa nhiệt khác nhau
Authors: Minh Lê Văn , Công Vũ Chí
Published: October 2023

Để giải quyết bài toán kiểm soát nứt do nhiệt trong bê tông khối lớn (BTKL) được thi công bằng phương pháp đổ liên tục kết hợp phân chia lớp đổ với cấp phối tỏa nhiệt khác nhau thì việc xác định vị trí chiều dày lớp đổ đóng một vai trò quan trọng. Kết cấu thi công được phân chia thành hai lớp đổ có cấp phối tỏa nhiệt khác nhau, lớp cấp phối dưới (lớp có cấp phối tỏa nhiệt thấp) và lớp cấp phối trên (lớp có cấp phối tỏa nhiều nhiệt) . Bài viết này chủ yếu để nghiên cứu  ảnh hưởng của độ dày lớp cấp phối trên đến trường nhiệt độ và đánh giá vết nứt trong khối bê tông bằng cách sử dụng phương pháp phần tử hữu hạn với sự hỗ trợ của phần mềm Midas Civil. Phương pháp phần tử hữu hạn được dùng để phân tích mô phỏng trường nhiệt độ trong bê tông khối lớn ở tuổi sớm. Từ kết quả trường nhiệt độ người ta kết luận rằng nên sử dụng độ dày lớp cấp phối trên phù hợp để giảm chênh lệch nhiệt độ tối đa và kiểm soát nứt bê tông tuổi sớm. Kết quả nghiên cứu được áp dụng để cung cấp tài liệu tham khảo cho các công trình bê tông khối lượng lớn như đập, dầm chuyển, trụ cầu, móng khối lớn và các cấu kiện bê tông khác có quy mô tương tự.
Đánh giá công nghệ xử lý VOC và mùi trong ngành công nghiệp sơn phủ
Authors: Lê Cao Chiến , Quang Nguyễn Hồng , Song Lê Thị , Thúy Trần Thị Phương , Biển Nguyễn Huy
Published: October 2023

Trong quá trình sơn, các hợp chất hữu cơ dễ bay hơi (VOC) từ dung môi sơn được thải ra khí quyển. Hầu hết lượng khí thải VOC đến từ hoạt động phun sơn thông qua việc sử dụng sơn gốc dung môi. Các VOC bao gồm các hydrocacbon thơm và béo, xeton, este, rượu và glycolethers. Các VOC ưa nước được giữ lại trong nước, và hầu hết các VOC kị nước được thu giữ bởi một hệ thống xử lý. Trong bài viết này, các quy trình công nghệ liên quan đến kiểm soát VOC và mùi trong ngành sơn phủ được đánh giá. Các chủ đề sau được xem xét trong bài viết: tổng quan về phát thải VOC trong ngành sơn, bản chất của VOC, các công nghệ kiểm soát VOC và mùi (hấp phụ, ngưng tụ, công nghệ oxy hóa, công nghệ hấp thụ), đánh giá các công nghệ xử lý và đề xuất công nghệ xử lý phù hợp với điều kiện kinh tế kỹ thuật của Việt Nam.
Phân tích ổn định của các loại kè giảm sóng tạo bồi tại bờ biển Tây, tỉnh Cà Mau
Authors: Trương Quốc Trung , Lê Văn Bắc , Lâm Tấn Phát , Dinh Van Duy  , Trần Văn Tỷ
Published: October 2023

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là đánh giá mức độ ổn định của ba dạng kè giảm sóng tại bờ biển Tây thuộc huyện Trần Văn Thời, tỉnh Cà Mau. Nghiên cứu tiến hành thu thập số liệu về địa chất, địa hình kết hợp với quan trắc độ lún của các loại kè giảm sóng. Ngoài ra, độ lún của các công trình kè được tính toán theo hai phương pháp: phương pháp giải tích - lớp phân tố và phần tử hữu hạn. Sau đó, kết quả được kiểm chứng bằng số liệu quan trắc lún thực tế. Kết quả tính toán và quan trắc độ lún cho thấy kè ly tâm là thấp nhất trong ba loại kè, với độ lún tính toán theo hai phương pháp lần lượt là 76,9 mm, 51,7 mm và quan trắc lớn nhất là 60,0 mm. Kè Busadco có độ lún tính toán tương ứng lần lượt là 84,9 mm, 55,6 mm và độ lún quan trắc là 100,0 mm. Kè trụ rỗng có hệ số ổn định tính toán theo phương pháp phần tử hữu hạn là cao nhất (FS=1,805). Tuy nhiên độ lún quan trắc của loại kè cũng cao nhất, lên đến 210,0 mm. Hệ số ổn định tổng thể FS của các loại kè có xu hướng tăng lên theo sự nâng lên của cao độ địa hình từ phía kè trở vào đất liền (do bồi). Kết quả cho thấy độ ổn định của các dạng kè giảm sóng là rất tốt, có thể áp dụng cho các khu vực bờ biển đang trong quá trình xâm thực mạnh.
Đánh giá năng lực cung cấp nước của Hệ thống thủy lợi 3/2 trong điều kiện hạn - mặn tại tỉnh Trà Vinh
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Kệ , Lê Hải Trí , Dinh Van Duy  , Trần Văn Tỷ
Published: October 2023

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là phân tích và đánh giá khả năng trữ nước và cung cấp nước cho sản xuất nông nghiệp, công nghiệp và dân sinh trong bối cảnh BĐKH của hệ thống thủy lợi (HTTL) 3/2 tỉnh Trà Vinh. Trước tiên, hiện trạng công trình thủy lợi (CTTL) được đánh giá; trữ lượng nước hệ thống kênh và nhu cầu nước của các ngành dùng nước theo các kịch bản BĐKH giai đoạn 2030 và 2050 được phân tích; từ đó đánh giá năng lực cung cấp nước của HTTL. Kết quả cho thấy hiện trạng hệ thống CTTL hầu như đã hoàn thiện và khép kín, đảm bảo khả năng phòng/hạn chế xâm nhập mặn và khả năng trữ nước ngọt cung cấp cho cả vùng trong mùa khô hạn. Nhu cầu sử dụng nước bao gồm sinh hoạt, nông nghiệp và công nghiệp năm 2021 cho cả năm và 6 tháng mùa khô lần lượt là 394,02×106 m3 và 318,95×106 m3. Nhu cầu nước tăng lần lượt từ 130% đến 195% tương ứng giai đoạn năm 2030 và 2050. Trong các tháng mùa khô ở các giai đoạn 2030 và 2050, hệ thống kênh trữ nước đáp ứng từ hơn 7% đến gần 30% nhu cầu dùng nước. Nếu chỉ cấp nước riêng cho sinh hoạt và công nghiệp thì khả năng đáp ứng nhu cầu sử dụng tăng lên từ 35% đến gần 90%.
Đánh giá các phương án móng cọc công trình thủy lợi tại Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long
Authors: Lê Đại Duy , Nguyễn Thái An , Lâm Tấn Phát , Cao Tấn Ngọc Thân , Trần Văn Tỷ
Published: October 2023

Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá các phương án móng cọc công trình thủy tại Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long (ĐBSCL). Các tài liệu thu thập như địa hình, địa chất, thuỷ văn và kích thước công trình thuộc bốn tỉnh thuộc ĐBSCL (An Giang, Kiên Giang, Vĩnh Long và Cà Mau) đã được thu thập để tiến hành tính toán và so sánh về mặt kinh tế và kỹ thuật giữa các phương án cọc. Các phương án cọc bao gồm: cọc đứng, cọc xiên hai bên và cọc xiên chéo lớn. Kết quả về tiết diện, số lượng và chiều dài cọc tại các cống cho thấy xu hướng giảm số lượng cọc của phương án cọc xiên chéo lớn nhiều hơn các phương án cọc khác khi chiều dài cọc tăng. Ngoài ra, kết quả so sánh về kinh tế - kỹ thuật cho thấy yếu tố địa chất và tỷ lệ lực ngang/lực đứng (N/P) ảnh hưởng nhiều đến việc lựa chọn phương án cọc tối ưu. Trường hợp nghiên cứu tại bốn cống cho thấy khi N/P nhỏ hơn 0,11 phương án cọc đứng tối ưu về mặt kinh tế; và phương án cọc xiên hai bên tối ưu về mặt kỹ thuật. Tuy nhiên, khi N/P lớn hơn 0,13 thì phương án cọc xiên chéo lớn là tối ưu về mặt kinh tế và kỹ thuật.
Lowalangi Deity in Nias Community Traditions Reviewed from the Perspective of Christian Faith
Authors: Zai Erwin , Simatupang Pantjar
Published: October 2023

Understanding God's name is a sacred thing for Christians, so placing God's name in Christian life gives it different meanings without eliminating its substance. One example is the change of God's name in the Nias ethic, which became an event and was a grafting of a name from a cultural perspective to a theological one. This is related to the name of God from Deitas Lowalangi which is one of the names of ethical figures on the island of Nias who is used as a synonym for the name of God. If you look at it, there are actually many other name deities that are choices for God's name. And this is the topic of discussion in this article and its application to the lives of the people of Nias today. This research was carried out by means of literature studies and interviews with several Nias ethnic figures who were sources, both intellectuals and traditional figures and servants of God. The aim of writing this article is that the essence of the name Lowalangi is not just changing the name to God but has a deep meaning without any interference from the name of the god worshiped by the Nias ethnic group, as well as strengthening the faith of the Nias Christian people in actualizing the name of God in religious and cultural life. Through understanding the name of God from the Nias ethnic perspective, that the true name of God is implemented correctly and on a Biblical basis. The connection between the name of God in the Nias ethnic group is only limited to the name adopted by missionaries to straighten out the faith of Christians on Nias Island. Because no other Lowalangi name is misused by Christians in any worship. Because what must be worshiped is the real Lowalangi in the Bible, not Lowalangi because it is based on the name of a traditional figure, god or ancestor.
Need Of Innovative Role On Regional Food (Dham) In The Hospitality Sector Of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Verma Aman , Rana Varinder Singh
Published: October 2023

Dham is the feast which is served to the people as a feast in Himachal Pradesh. Dham is one of the attractions of many tourists in Hospitality sector. Most of the tourist destinations regional food play an important role for the growth & sustainability of Tourism & Hospitality sectors, as it is easily available in the market in a traditional way as it have the high level of freshness, fragrance and real taste and in return it will give financial support to your own people who are associated with the food . This process will help the growth of financial system in any region; on the other hand, tourist will enjoy the fresh and hygienic food. Himachal Pradesh is the land of an assortment soil which is very fertile in nature producing a variety of grains, fruits and vegetables. In this study we will observe the observation of people who are associated with this business in the Himachali Food (Dham). Our result indicates that in Himachali Dham have different function roles, innovation, and modernism along with health benefits. On the other hand, it will help those people who are associated with the agriculture, manual labour, and transporter. This research will help to get awareness whether the tourists who are coming to their region showing interest are getting what they are cultivating. It will help to motivate their efforts which they spent in the various difficult situations. On the other hand, it will reveal the facts negative or positive of the regional food which could help to change in the recipes if the dishes are not among the choices of the tourists and evaluate or summaries the connection between the choices and perceptions. This study acknowledges the role of regional food in Hospitality sector as well as in the Himachal tourism.