bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A predator-prey model for the optimal control of fish harvesting through the imposition of a tax
Authors: Chatterjee Anal , Pal Samares
Published: January 2023

This paper is devoted to the study of ecosystem based fisheries management. The model represents the interaction between prey and predator population with Holling II functional response consisting of different carrying capacities and constant intrinsic growth rates. We have considered the continuous harvesting of predator only. It is observed that if the intrinsic growth rate of predator population crosses a certain critical value, the system enters into Hopf bifurcation. Our observations indicate that tax, the management object in fisheries system play huge impacts on this system. The optimal harvesting policy is disposed by imposing a tax per unit of predator biomass. The optimal harvest strategy is determined using Pontryagin's maximum principle, which is subject to state equations and control limitations. The implications of tax are also examined. We have derived different bifurcations and global stability of the system. Finally, numerical simulations are used to back up the analytical results.
Using Machine Learning for Loss Prediction in a Hybrid Meanline Modeling Method to Deliver Improved Radial Turbine Performance Prediction
Authors: Ren Pangbo , Stuart Charles , Spence Stephen , Inomata Ryosuke , Kobayashi Takayuki , Morita Isao
Published: January 2023

Low fidelity modeling approaches remain attractive due to an unrivaled ability to predict full turbine performance maps quickly compared to high-fidelity approaches such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), especially in the preliminary design process. As improvements in performance on a component level approach a point of diminishing returns, the ability to efficiently optimize the complete charging system for a given duty is a topic attracting significant research interest. In the case of turbocharging applications, existing engine and powertrain simulations require turbine maps to calculate the turbine performance, which are usually obtained from experimental testing. Unfortunately, the need for extrapolation is unavoidable because of the limited range of testing data available, leading to inaccuracies especially at off-design conditions. To enable intensive modeling and optimization of complete vehicle powertrains for different drive cycles, the current piece of work seeks to combine the advantages of machine learning techniques and physical meanline modeling to facilitate faster, more accurate predictions of complete turbocharger maps. This paper presents a novel methodology for turbocharger turbine rotor and nozzle performance prediction based on hybrid modeling. The turbine rotor and nozzle were parameterized to conduct CFD simulations for a wide variety of turbine geometries, which were used to form a database to train an artificial neural network (ANN). The predicted losses provided by the ANN were then utilized in the meanline code, substituting for the conventional empirical loss models. As well as removing the need for empirical loss models, modifications were undertaken to the meanline approach to further enhance modeling accuracy. First, in order to accurately characterize the stage mass flow capacity, the losses occurring in the nozzle and rotor were subdivided into those occurring before and after the throat. A second novel aspect is that the aerodynamic blockage level at the rotor throat was implemented as a variable rather than a constant value. By training the ANN to predict the variation of blockage with geometry and operating condition, a more accurate depiction of the changing secondary flow fields could be achieved. The capabilities of the hybrid meanline modeling method were evaluated on several unseen test cases. The resulting predictions of efficiency and mass flowrate demonstrated strong correlation with CFD results and experimental test results. The hybrid meanline modeling method therefore displays great potential in wide range radial turbine performance prediction with enhanced accuracy in comparison to traditional approaches.
Side effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss (Lamiaceae) essential oil on predation and life table parameters of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: Shirvani Zeinab , Allahyari Hosein , Zahedi Golpayegani Azadeh , Talebi Jahromi Khalil , Döker Ismail
Published: January 2023

The predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is one of the most promising candidates for biological control of some economically important mites and insect pests such as spider mites, whiteflies, and thrips. Western Flower Thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a severe economic pest for many crops in the world. In this study the lethal concentrations of Shirazicum thymus: Zataria multiflora  Boiss (Lamiaceae) essential oil was calculated to the adult stage of the WFT. Side effects LC30 and LC50 of the essential oil were assessed on life table parameters and functional response of A. swirskii. Experiments were carried out in growth chambers at 25 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 10% RH, and 16: 8 h (Light: Dark) photoperiod. We utilized the age-stage, two-sex life table method to evaluate the life history features and population growth of A. swirskii on WFT. For assessing the functional response, the first instar of WFT was offered as prey to the adult female of A. swirskii with densities of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64. The LC50 concentration of the essential oil resulted in lower fecundity (15.05 eggs/female) in comparison with the control (19.8 eggs/female). The application of LC50 and LC30 concentrations also resulted in a significant decrease in net reproductive rate (R0) (8.9, 6.6, and 4.5 eggs per individuals), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) (0.116, 0.093, and 0.077 day -1), finite rate of increase (λ) (1.123, 1.097, and 1.079 day -1), but an increase in mean generation time (T) (18.5, 20.1, and 19.5 days) (for control, LC30, and LC50, applications, respectively). A type II functional response was detected for A. swirskii fed on WFT first instar in all treatments. Adult females of A.swirskii had the highest attack rate (a) (0.11± 0.01 h-1) and shortest handling time (1.61± 0.46h) on control treatment. In conclusion, although Z. multiflora essential oil had potential against F. occidentalis to be applied in integrated pest management programs, the lethal side effects of selected essential oil on the predatory mite, A. swirskii should be considered.
Taxonomic contribution to the knowledge of the oribatid mite genus Muliercula (Acari, Oribatida, Scheloribatidae)
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Rybalov Leonid B.
Published: January 2023

A new species of the genus Muliercula (Oribatida, Scheloribatidae)—M. altimontana sp. nov.—is described, based on materials collected from litter in Arsi Mountains National Park, Central Ethiopia. Generic diagnosis, identification key, data on distribution and habitats of the known species of Muliercula are presented.
Two feather mite species (Alloptidae, Freyanidae) associated with the Laysan Albatross Phoebastria immutabilis (Rothschild, 1893) (Diomedeidae) from Japanese coastal waters
Authors: Waki Tsukasa , Eda Masaki , Shimano Satoshi
Published: January 2023

The Laysan Albatross Phoebastria immutabilis (Rothschild, 1893) is a seabird species included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature as Near Threatened (NT). We sampled two feather mite species, Diomedacarus gigas (Dubinin, 1949) and Echinacarus petaliferus (Trouessart, 1898), from the three albatross, and provided their redescriptions. This is the first record of D. gigas from the past half-century in Japan and the first report of E. petaliferus in this country. The haplotype network of partial sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit for D. gigas showed that six of the seven haplotypes were unique to the mites sampled from each host individual. This mite species may have a very little opportunity for horizontal transmission between host individuals since albatrosses live alone over sea areas, except the breeding period on land.
“Who Am I ... a Hockey Player”: Indigenous Generosity and the Transformative Power of Education in Hockey Spaces
Authors: McLeod Davina , McKegney Sam , Zanussi Darren , Keepness Shane
Published: January 2023

This paper examines the tenuous balance of Indigenous generosity in hockey spaces with the need for non-Indigenous players and organizers to educate themselves and others, pursue systemic change, and unburden Indigenous players of the heavy lifting of anti-racism. Interviews with five Indigenous elite women’s hockey players identify hockey as a potential site of decolonial and anti-racist learning, fueled by the players’ love for the game and willingness to expend emotional labor to affect change. Our interviewees express the desire to make hockey safer for future generations of Indigenous players by educating their non-Indigenous teammates, often, in the process, exposing themselves to ignorance, indifference, and racism. The players uniformly argue that education is required for change; however, this paper illustrates that such education is not solely the responsibility of Indigenous participants in the game.
A zinc-conducting chalcogenide electrolyte
Authors: Zhi Jian , Zhao Siwei , Zhou Min , Wang Ruiqi , Huang Fuqiang
Published: January 2023

A solid-state zinc-ion battery can fundamentally eliminate dendrite formation and hydrogen evolution on the zinc anode from aqueous systems. However, enabling fast zinc ion
+
conduction in solid crystals is thought to be impossible. Here, we demonstrated a fluorine-doping approach to achieving fast Zn
2+
transport in mesoporous Zn

y

S

1−
x

F

x

. The substitutional doping of fluoride ion with sulfide substantially reduces Zn
2+
migration barrier in a crystalline phase, while mesopore channels with bounded dimethylformamide enable nondestructive Zn
2+
conduction along inner pore surface. This mesoporous conductor features a high room-temperature Zn
2+
conductivity (0.66 millisiemens per centimeter, compared with 0.01 to 1 millisiemens per centimeter for lithium solid-state electrolyte) with a superior cycling performance (89.5% capacity retention over 5000 cycles) in a solid zinc-ion battery and energy density (0.04 watt-hour per cubic centimeter) in a solid zinc-ion capacitor. The universality of this crystal engineering approach was also verified in other mesoporous zinc chalcogenide materials, which implies various types of potential Zn
2+
-conducting solid electrolytes.
Mantle serpentinization and associated hydrogen flux at North Atlantic magma-poor rifted margins
Authors: Liu Zhonglan , Perez-Gussinye Marta , García-Pintado Javier , Mezri Leila , Bach Wolfgang
Published: January 2023

Mantle serpentinization influences the rheology of altered peridotites and the global fluxes of energy and volatiles, the generation of seafloor and sub-seafloor chemolithotrophic life, and the carbon cycle. As a by-product of serpentinization, molecular hydrogen (H2) is generated, which supports chemosynthetic communities, and this mechanism may have driven the origin of life on early Earth. At continent-ocean transition zones (COTs) of magma-poor rifted margins, the mantle is exposed and hydrated over hundreds of kilometers across the rift, but the H2 fluxes associated with this process are poorly known. Here, we coupled a thermomechanical model with serpentinization reaction equations to estimate associated H2 release during mantle exhumation at COTs. This reproduced a tectonic structure similar to that of the West Iberia margin, one of the best-studied magma-poor margins. We estimated the rate of H2 production from mantle hydration at (7.5 ± 2.5) × 107 mol/(yr × km). By estimating the area of exhumed mantle from wide-angle seismic profiles at North Atlantic magma-poor margins, we calculated that the accumulated H2 production could have been as high as ~4.3 × 1018 mol (~8.6 × 1012 metric tons) prior to opening of the North Atlantic Ocean, at a rate of ~1.4 × 1017 mol/m.y. This is one quarter of the total predicted flux produced by the global system of mid-ocean ridges, thus highlighting the significance of H2 generation at magma-poor margins in global H2 fluxes, to hydrogenothropic microbial life, and, perhaps, as a potential energy source.
Supplemental Material: Transition from breccia pipe to stratabound mineralization in Mississippi Valley-type hydrothermal systems: The Nayongzhi Zn-Pb deposit, world-class Sichuan–Yunnan–Guizhou triangle, South China
Authors: Wei Chen , Ye Lin , et al.
Published: January 2023

Figure S1: Paragenetic sequence of Nayongzhi Zn-Pb mineralization. Figure S2: Homogenization temperature and salinity histograms for all inclusions of different stages. Figure S3: Sketches of fluid inclusion assemblages from growth-zoned sphalerite crystal. Table S1: Sulfur and lead isotope composition in the Nayongzhi deposit. Table S2: Summary of microthermometric data for fluid inclusion in the Nayongzhi deposit.
Supplemental Material: Syn-collisional extension and Ni-Cu sulfide-bearing mafic magma emplacement along the Irtysh Shear Zone in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt
Authors: Wei Bo , Yan Wang Christina , et al.
Published: January 2023

This supporting material contains the geochemical data of Permian mafic intrusions along the Irtysh Shear Zone in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, including zircon U-Pb age in Table S1, zircon oxygen isotopic compositions in Table S2, zircon Lu–Hf isotopic compositions in Table S3, the compositions of olivine in Table S4, the compositions of clinopyroxene in Table S5, the compositions of hornblende in Table S6, whole-rock trace element compositions in Table S7, and whole-rock boron elemental and isotopic compositions in Table S8.
Supplemental Material: Paleomagnatism and geochronology of Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks in the eastern segment of the Lhasa terrane, Tibetan Plateau, and their tectonic implications
Authors: Cao Yong , et al.
Published: January 2023

Methods and Tables S1-S3.
Supplemental Material: Astronomical and tectonic influences on climate and deposition revealed through radioisotopic geochronology and Bayesian age-depth modeling of the early Eocene Green River Formation, Wyoming, USA
Authors: Bruck Benjamin , Singer Brad S. , et al.
Published: January 2023

Figures S1–S14: Cathodoluminescence images of zircons from each of the seven tuffs highlighting crystals chosen for U-Pb dating experiments. Table S1: LA-ICP-MS screening of zircon. Table S2: Complete U-Th-Pb isotopic data from CA-ID-TIMS. Table S3: Complete 40Ar/39Ar isotopic data with probability density plots. Table S4: Comparison of U-Pb dating uncertainties. Table S5: Posterior ages for marker bed tops. Supplemental Data 1: Metadata for LA-ICPMS U-Pb analyses of zircon in Boar tuff sample 2017-62-FC. Supplemental Data 2: Metadata for LA-ICPMS U-Pb analyses of zircon in Grey tuff sample 2017-17-AL. Supplemental Data 3: Metadata for LA-ICPMS U-Pb analyses of zircon in Firehole tuff sample 2017-59-SC. Supplemental Data 4: Metadata for LA-ICPMS U-Pb analyses of zircon in Layered tuff sample TR-6. Supplemental Data 5: Metadata for LA-ICPMS U-Pb analyses of zircon in Main tuff sample 2016-8.1 TR. Supplemental Data 6: Metadata for LA-ICPMS U-Pb analyses of zircon in Second tuff sample 2017-60-SC. Supplemental Data 7: Metadata for LA-ICPMS U-Pb analyses of zircon in Sixth tuff sample 2016-14-TR.
Paraneoplastic Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Viveiros Luísa , Martins Sara Raquel , Pires Sara Xavier , Neves João
Published: January 2023

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare neuromuscular junction disorder. Underlying small cell lung cancer is found in more than half of patients. Proximal muscle weakness, autonomic features and areflexia are typical manifestations. However, LEMS is often misdiagnosed. We report a rare case of paraneoplastic LEMS, identified amid admission due to a different diagnosis. Our patient was initially admitted due to aspiration pneumonia. Further investigation revealed clinical and electrophysiological manifestations of LEMS. High clinical suspicion and early diagnostic workup were paramount in the patient outcome. Nevertheless, paraneoplastic aetiology was difficult to confirm and revealed itself a difficult challenge. Clinical awareness is crucial to diagnose LEMS and urge cancer screening and early treatment.
Correlation of disability with quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with natalizumab: primary results and post hoc analysis of the TYSabri ImPROvement study (PROTYS)
Authors: Achtnichts Lutz , Zecca Chiara , Findling Oliver , Kamm Christian P , Mueller Stefanie , Kuhle Jens , Lutterotti Andreas , Gobbi Claudio , Viviani Camille , Villiger-Borter Emanuela , Nedeltchev Krassen
Published: January 2023

Background

In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), relapses and disability progression have been associated with decreased health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods

PROTYS, a prospective, multicentre, single-arm, observational study in seven Swiss MS centres, evaluated correlations between change in disability status (measured through the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)) and HRQoL changes (measured through the global Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQoL) index questionnaire) in 35 patients with relapsing remitting MS on natalizumab for 1 year. In addition, several other scales were also used, such as: Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19, EuroQoL-5 Dimension, and Fatigue Scale of Motor and Cognitive Function. A post hoc analysis further assessed the association between HRQoL changes after 1 year and the MusiQoL subscores and other patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures.

Results

At 1 year, patients were categorised into ‘EDSS improved’ (6/35), ‘EDSS stable’ (28/35) and ‘EDSS worsened’ (1/35). Mean disability scores decreased for ‘EDSS improved’ and ‘EDSS stable’ but increased for ‘EDSS worsened’. Mean MusiQoL index score for ‘EDSS improved’ increased from 61.2 at baseline to 66.3 at 1 year, while the ‘EDSS stable’ group increased from 67.9 to 70.8. No meaningful statistical relationship was observed between EDSS group and changes in MusiQoL score. For the post hoc analysis, patients were categorised in ‘MusiQoL improved’ (n=21) and ‘MusiQoL worsened’ (n=14) groups. MusiQoL subscores for ‘symptoms,’ ‘psychological well-being’ and ‘activities of daily living’, as well as scores for several related PRO measures, correlated with improvement of the MusiQoL global index. There was no correlation between the changes in MusiQoL global index and EDSS score.

Conclusions

Natalizumab treatment for 1 year resulted in either improved or stable EDSS status in most patients, and although no significant relationship was observed between global HRQoL change and EDSS change, several domains of HRQoL seemed to improve with natalizumab treatment.

Trial registration number

NCT02386566.
Exploring the experiences of healthcare professionals in South Africa and Uganda around communicating with children about life-threatening conditions: a workshop-based qualitative study to inform the adaptation of communication frameworks for use in these settings
Authors: Rapa Elizabeth , Hanna Jeffrey R , Pollard Teresa , Santos-Paulo Stephanie , Gogay Yasmin , Ambler Julia , Namukwaya Elizabeth , Kavuma David , Nabirye Elizabeth , Kemigisha Ruth Mary , Namyeso Juliet , Brand Tracey , Walker Louise , Neethling Beverley G , Downing Julia , Ziebland Sue , Stein Alan , Dalton Louise J
Published: January 2023

Objectives

This study aimed to explore how published communication frameworks could be amended to ensure applicability and cultural appropriateness for professionals to support family-centred conversations by investigating’ healthcare professionals’ (1) experiences of providing support to families when a caregiver or a dependent child (<18 years old) has a life-threatening condition, (2) perceived challenges for caregivers and healthcare professionals in communicating with children about illness, (3) perceptions of how clinicians could be equipped to facilitate conversations between caregivers and children about an adult or the child’s own life-threatening condition and (4) suggestions for amendments to previously published guidelines to ensure cultural relevance in South Africa and Uganda.

Design

A qualitative study involving two 2-day workshops with embedded focus group discussions, break out rooms and consensus discussions.

Setting

Health and social care and third sector organisations in South Africa and Uganda.

Participants

Thirty-two professionals providing care to families affected by life-threatening conditions in South Africa or Uganda who were aged 18 years or older and able to converse in English.

Results

Participants identified obstacles to having conversations with caregivers about children and to telling children about serious illness during consultations. These included patients’ beliefs about illness, medicine and death, language barriers between families and the healthcare team, and emotional and practical challenges for professionals in having these conversations. Culturally appropriate adaptations were made to previously published communication frameworks for professionals to support family-centred conversations.

Conclusions

Culturally sensitive communication frameworks could help healthcare professionals to talk with families about what children need to know when they or a caregiver have a serious illness. More broadly, effective communication could be facilitated by promoting healthcare professionals’ and communities’ understanding of the benefits of telling children about illness within the family. Together these strategies may mitigate the psychological impact of global disease on children and their families.
Early telemedical abortion, safeguarding, and under 18s: a qualitative study with care providers in England and Wales
Authors: Romanis Elizabeth Chloe , Parsons Jordan A
Published: January 2023

Background

Telemedical early medical abortion (TEMA) was introduced in England and Wales as a temporary measure in 2020 and was made permanent in 2022. While there are considerable data showing the safety, efficacy, and acceptability of TEMA for patients, there have been objections raised to TEMA based on safeguarding—particularly for people under 18 years of age. Little is known about abortion care providers’ views and experiences of carrying out their safeguarding duties with people aged under 18 in the shift to TEMA.

Methods

This is a qualitative study involving online semi-structured interviews and reflexive thematic analysis. Audio-recorded, semi-structured interviews with abortion providers in England and Wales (n=20) generated data about their views and experiences of safeguarding in telemedical abortion care. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and then subject to reflexive thematic analysis to construct themes.

Results

While the study was designed with adult safeguarding in mind, the safeguarding of under 18s became a key area of discussion. Three major themes were constructed in relation to under 18s: (1) age as a risk factor in safeguarding; (2) telemedicine as improving access to care; and (3) telemedicine as enhancing communication.

Conclusion

Care providers believe TEMA has benefitted the under 18s. There was a strong feeling both that TEMA had improved access (which, in turn, improved safeguarding) and that under 18s were comfortable communicating using remote means. Providers believe safeguarding proformas must account for the different nature of risks where service users are under 18, but that it is disproportionate to assume that TEMA is unsuitable for all under 18s or groups of under 18s.
Direct and indirect effects of socioeconomic status on sepsis risk and mortality: a mediation analysis of the HUNT Study
Authors: Stensrud Vilde Hatlevoll , Gustad Lise Tuset , Damås Jan Kristian , Solligård Erik , Krokstad Steinar , Nilsen Tom Ivar Lund
Published: January 2023

Background

Socioeconomic status (SES) may influence risk of sepsis and sepsis-related mortality, but to what extent lifestyle and health-related factors mediate this effect is not known.

Methods

The study included 65 227 participants of the population-based HUNT Study in Norway linked with hospital records to identify incident sepsis and sepsis-related deaths. Cox regression estimated HRs of sepsis risk and mortality associated with different indicators of SES, whereas mediation analyses were based on an inverse odds weighting approach.

Results

During ~23 years of follow-up (1.3 million person-years), 4200 sepsis cases and 1277 sepsis-related deaths occurred. Overall, participants with low SES had a consistently increased sepsis risk and sepsis-related mortality using education, occupational class and financial difficulties as indicators of SES. Smoking and alcohol consumption explained 57% of the sepsis risk related to low education, whereas adding risk factors of cardiovascular disease and chronic diseases to the model increased the explained proportion to 78% and 82%, respectively.

Conclusion

This study shows that SES is inversely associated with sepsis risk and mortality. Approximately 80% of the effect of education on sepsis risk was explained by modifiable lifestyle and health-related factors that could be targets for prevention.
SARS-CoV-2 infections in pediatric and young adult recipients of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: an international registry report
Authors: McNerney Kevin Owen , Richards Rebecca M , Aguayo-Hiraldo Paibel , Calkoen Friso G , Talano Julie-An , Moskop Amy , Balduzzi Adriana , Krajewski Jennifer , Dave Hema , Vatsayan Anant , Callahan Colleen , Liu Hongyan , Li Yimei , Davis Kara Lynn , Maude Shannon L
Published: January 2023

Background

Immunocompromised patients are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Patients undergoing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies are uniquely immunosuppressed due to CAR T-mediated B-cell aplasia (BCA). While SARS-CoV-2 mortality rates of 33%–40% are reported in adult CAR T-cell recipients, outcomes in pediatric and young adult CAR T-cell recipients are limited.

Methods

We created an international retrospective registry of CAR T recipients aged 0–30 years infected with SARS-CoV-2 within 2 months prior to or any time after CAR T infusion. SARS-CoV-2-associated illness was graded as asymptomatic, mild, moderate, or severe COVID-19, or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). To assess for risk factors associated with significant SARS-CoV-2 infections (infections requiring hospital admission for respiratory distress or supplemental oxygen), univariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed.

Results

Nine centers contributed 78 infections in 75 patients. Of 70 SARS-CoV-2 infections occurring after CAR T infusion, 13 (18.6%) were classified as asymptomatic, 37 (52.9%) mild, 11 (15.7%) moderate, and 6 (8.6%) severe COVID-19. Three (4.3%) were classified as MIS-C. BCA was not significantly associated with infection severity. Prior to the emergence of the Omicron variant, of 47 infections, 19 (40.4%) resulted in hospital admission and 7 (14.9%) required intensive care, while after the emergence of the Omicron variant, of 23 infections, only 1 (4.3%) required admission and the remaining 22 (95.7%) had asymptomatic or mild COVID-19. Death occurred in 3 of 70 (4.3%); each death involved coinfection or life-threatening condition. In a multivariable model, factors associated with significant SARS-CoV-2 infection included having two or more comorbidities (OR 7.73, CI 1.05 to 74.8, p=0.048) and age ≥18 years (OR 9.51, CI 1.90 to 82.2, p=0.014). In the eight patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 before CAR T, half of these patients had their CAR T infusion delayed by 15–30 days.

Conclusions

In a large international cohort of pediatric and young adult CAR-T recipients, SARS-CoV-2 infections resulted in frequent hospital and intensive care unit admissions and were associated with mortality in 4.3%. Patients with two or more comorbidities or aged ≥18 years were more likely to experience significant illness. Suspected Omicron infections were associated with milder disease.
Parental mosaicism detection and preimplantation genetic testing in families with multiple transmissions of de novo mutations
Authors: Xu Naixin , Shi Weihui , Cao Xianling , Zhou Xuanyou , Jin Li , Huang He-Feng , Chen Songchang , Xu Chenming
Published: January 2023

Background

De novo mutations (DNMs) are linked with many severe early-onset disorders ranging from rare congenital malformation to intellectual disability. Conventionally, DNMs are considered to have an estimated recurrence rate of 1%. Recently, studies have revealed a higher prevalence of parental mosaicism, leading to a greater recurrence risk, resulting in a second child harbouring the same DNM as a previous child.

Methods

In this study, we included 10 families with DNMs leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. DNA was extracted from tissue samples, including parental peripheral blood, parental saliva and paternal sperm. High-throughput sequencing was used to screen for parental mosaicism with a depth of more than 5000× on average and a variant allele fraction (VAF) detection limit of 0.5%.

Results

The presence of mosaicism was detected in sperms in two families, with VAFs of 2.8% and 2.5%, respectively. Both families have a history of multiple adverse pregnancies and DNMs shared by siblings. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) and prenatal diagnosis were performed in one family, thereby preventing the reoccurrence of DNMs.

Conclusion

This study is the first to report the successful implementation of PGT for monogenic/single gene defects in the parental mosaicism family. Our study suggests that mosaic detection of paternal sperm is warranted in families with recurrent DNMs leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes, and PGT can effectively block the transmission of the pathogenic mutation.
Residual anti-Xa activity in plasma of patients presenting for electively planned neuraxial regional anesthesia
Authors: Knoerlein Julian , Brodbeck Philipp , Büchsel Martin , Zieger Barbara , Schmutz Axel
Published: January 2023

Objective

To determine the incidence of increased anti-Xa activity within plasma levels 24 hours after administration of therapeutic dose low-molecular-weight heparin in patients presenting for elective neuraxial anesthesia.

Background

Guidelines for neuroaxial regional anesthesia for patients with antithrombotic drugs recommend time intervals for waiting. There is scientific evidence to suggest that the recommended interval of 24 hours may be insufficient in patients treated with therapeutic dose low-molecular-weight heparin.

Methods

Retrospective cohort analysis of 74 patients who received therapeutic dose low-molecular-weight heparin before planned neuraxial anesthesia between April 1, 2015 and April 1, 2020 at Freiburg University Hospital. Primary endpoint was the occurrence of elevated plasma anti-Xa levels in prophylactic range or higher (>0.2 IU/mL) 24 hours after the last application of the therapeutic dose.

Results

24 hours after the last dose of therapeutic low-molecular-weight heparin, 18.0% of patients had elevated anti-Xa activity levels >0.2 IU/mL. A weak correlation between the time since the last administration of low-molecular-weight heparin and plasma anti-Xa levels could be found. No other risk factors were seen.

Conclusions

Relevant residual anticoagulant activity, as measured by plasma anti-Xa levels within a prophylactic range, is measurable 24 hours after the last administration of therapeutic dose low-molecular-weight heparin.

Trial registration number

German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00022099.
Early universe nucleosynthesis in massive conformal gravity
Authors: Faria F. F.
Published: January 2023

We study the dynamics of the early universe in massive conformal gravity. In particular, we show that the theory is consistent with the observed values of the primordial abundances of light elements if we consider the existence of right-handed sterile neutrinos.
Chair's Letter
Authors: Carterette Ben
Published: January 2023

Dear SIGIR community,

This is my last letter as Chair of the SIGIR Executive Committee. I want to start off by thanking the committee, Tetsuya Sakai (Vice Chair), Min Zhang (Treasurer), Claudia Hauff (Secretary), and Diane Kelly (Past Chair). It has been an honor to work with them to serve the community. We have accomplished a lot---see below---and I look forward to working with the next committee of Vanessa Murdock (Chair), Ryen White (Vice Chair), Carsten Eickhoff (Treasurer), and Laura Dietz (Secretary) to accomplish even more.
Responsible Artificial Intelligence --- From Principles to Practice
Authors: Dignum Virginia
Published: January 2023

The impact of Artificial Intelligence does not depend only on fundamental research and technological developments, but for a large part on how these systems are introduced into society and used in everyday situations. AI is changing the way we work, live and solve challenges but concerns about fairness, transparency or privacy are also growing. Ensuring responsible, ethical AI is more than designing systems whose result can be trusted. It is about the way we design them, why we design them, and who is involved in designing them. In order to develop and use AI responsibly, we need to work towards technical, societal, institutional and legal methods and tools which provide concrete support to AI practitioners, as well as awareness and training to enable participation of all, to ensure the alignment of AI systems with our societies' principles and values.

This paper is a curated version of my keynote at the Web Conference 2022.
Report on the 44th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR 2022)
Authors: Balog Krisztian , Nørvåg Kjetil , Setty Vinay
Published: January 2023

The 44th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR'22) was held in Stavanger, Norway. It represents a landmark, not only for being the northernmost ECIR ever, but also for being the first major IR conference in a hybrid format. This article reports on ECIR'22 from the organizers' perspective, with a particular emphasis on elements of the hybrid setup, with the aim to serve as a reference and guidance for future hybrid conferences.

Date:
10--14 April, 2022.

Website:
https://ecir2022.org.
Report on the 5th International Workshop on Narrative Extraction from Texts (Text2Story 2022) at ECIR 2022
Authors: Campos Ricardo , Jorge Alípio M. , Jatowt Adam , Bhatia Sumit , Litvak Marina , Cordeiro João Paulo , Rocha Conceição , Sousa Hugo , Mansouri Behrooz
Published: January 2023

The Fifth International Workshop on Narrative Extraction from Texts (Text2Story'22) was held on the April 10

th

, 2022, in conjunction with the 44

th

European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR 2022) in Stavanger, Norway. Due to the COVID-19 restrictions that are still active in some countries, the workshop was held as an hybrid event, combining a "live" in-person and a "virtual" online participation. The online participation was allowed using the Zoom platform. During the course of the day, more than 50 attendees - about 40 in person and 10 in zoom - had the opportunity to follow-up and discuss the recent advances in topics related to representation, extraction, and generation of narratives. The workshop program included two invited keynotes and twelve paper presentations. The proceedings of the workshop are available online at http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3117/

Date:
10 April, 2022.

Website:
https://text2story22.inesctec.pt/.
Impact of right ventricular reserve on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with left ventricular assist device
Authors: Takenaka Sakae , Sato Takuma , Nagai Toshiyuki , Omote Kazunori , Kobayashi Yuta , Kamiya Kiwamu , Konishi Takao , Tada Atsushi , Mizuguchi Yoshifumi , Takahashi Yuki , Naito Seiichiro , Saiin Kohei , Ishizaka Suguru , Wakasa Satoru , Anzai Toshihisa
Published: January 2023

The change in right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI) during exercise, not RVSWI at rest, was associated with exercise capacity and HRQoL. Our findings suggest that the assessment of change in RVSWI during exercise as a surrogate of RV reserve function may aid in risk stratification of patients with LVAD.
Effect of Seed Priming Methods on Seed Quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) Genotypes
Authors: Bereded Sheferie Mekuria
Published: January 2023

Seed priming is an effective way of promoting seed germination and vigor of okra by alleviating seed dormancy in fresh or stored okra seeds. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of seed priming treatment on seed physiological quality of okra genotypes. This experiment was conducted in a laboratory at Haramaya University in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. It comprised of 5 seed priming treatments (untreated seeds, tape water, 200 ppm GA3, 0.5% KH2PO4, and 50% cow urine) and 5 okra genotypes (Clemson, Arka Anamika, SOH701, 240207, and 240586). The results showed that the main and interaction effects of seed priming treatment and genotypes significantly affected physiological seed quality attributes and hard seed percentage. GA3-treated genotype Clemson showed the highest germination (78.28%) and germination speed (25.29). Similarly, GA3-treated genotypes SHO701 and 240586 had the highest seed vigor index I (13.161) and vigor index II (34.14), respectively. There were no hard seeds in genotype Clemson treated with GA3 and cow urine, genotype SOH701 treated with GA3, besides genotype 240207 treated with KH2PO4 and tap water. All seed priming treatments had a significant positive effect on physiological quality and seed overcame seed hardness in all 5 okra genotypes compared to controls. Therefore, in this study concluded that GA3 seed priming treatment improved physiological seed quality, and alleviated seeds hardness in okra genotypes. As an alternative to GA3 seed priming treatments, Ethiopian farmers can also use tape water, cow urine, and KH2PO4 seed priming treatments.
Integrated Design of Multimode and Multifrequency Miniaturized Handset Antenna at VHF/UHF Bands
Authors: Zhang Yandong , Zhang Hui , Xu Liang , Li Linao , Li Chunxiao , An Zhijuan
Published: January 2023

This paper presents an integrated design of a multimode and multifrequency miniaturized handset antenna working at the lower band (0.24–0.7 GHz) with linear polarization and higher band (1.98–2.01 GHz and 2.17–2.20 GHz) with circular polarization simultaneously. At the higher band, the quadrifilar helix antenna (QHA) is utilized with each arm developed into two arms of different lengths and linearly tapered widths to realize double resonance and increase the bandwidth. Moreover, a helical stub behaving as a director is introduced to improve the antenna gain. At the lower band, the outer conductor of the QHA feedline and four QHA arms are designed to constitute a monopole antenna through proper feeding and introducing four quarter-wavelength short-circuit stubs. With this radiator-sharing technique, the QHA not only works at the higher band with a circular polarization pattern but can act as a monopole antenna working at the lower band with a linear polarization pattern simultaneously. As a result, the size of the antenna can be reduced remarkably. Finally, the proposed antenna is fabricated with a total length of 228 mm and a diameter of 15 mm. At the lower band, the measured S11 is below −8 dB, and the gain is larger than 0.5 dBi. At the higher band, the measured S11 and AR are better than −13 dB and 3 dB, respectively, and the gain within the zenith angle range of 0°−35° is greater than 2.5 dBi, which demonstrates better performance.
Enabling the Electrochemical Performance of Maricite-NaMnPO4 and Maricite-NaFePO4 Cathode Materials in Sodium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Mohsin Ijaz Ul , Schneider Luca , Yu Zheng , Cai Wenqing , Ziebert Carlos
Published: January 2023

NaMnPO4 and NaFePO4, polyanion cathode materials, exist in two different phases maricite/natrophilite and maricite/olivine, respectively. Both natrophilite NaMnPO4 and olivine NaFePO4 are electrochemically active and possess a one-dimensional tunnel for sodium-ion migration; however, these two phases are thermodynamically unstable. Therefore, they can be synthesized through an electrochemical route. On the contrary, maricite (m)-NaMnPO4 and maricite (m)-NaFePO4 are thermodynamically stable forms but have a huge activation energy of their diffusion pathways for sodium extraction and insertion in the crystal structure, which hinders electrochemical reactions. Therefore, the electrochemical behaviour of commercial m-NaMnPO4 and m-NaFePO4 has been studied to find a way for enabling them electrochemically. Ball milling and thermal/mechanical carbon coating are employed to reduce the particle size to enhance the electrochemical performance and shorten the diffusion pathway. Moreover, ball milling leads to defects and partial phase transformation. The electrochemical performance of milled-coated NaMnPO4 and NaFePO4 has been thoroughly investigated and compared. The phase transition of NaFePO4 is revealed by a differential scanning calorimeter. As a result, the achievable capacities of both cathode materials are significantly enhanced up to ∼50 mAh.g−1 via the particle size reduction as well as by carbon coating. However, the side reactions and agglomeration problems in such materials need to be minimized and must be considered to enable them for applications.
Combined Performance of Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste Plastic Polymer and Crumb Rubber in Modifying Properties of Hot Mix Asphalt
Authors: Alemu Getnet Mekuria , Melese Damtew Tsige , Mahdi Teyba Wedajo , Negesa Adamu Beyene
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, the use of recycled waste materials in road pavement is regarded not only as a positive option in terms of sustainability but also as an appealing option in terms of providing improved service performance. The current study aimed at evaluating the performance of crumb rubber and polyethylene terephthalate plastic polymer in asphalt mixture in modifying the mechanical properties of asphalt pavement. Experimental tests were carried out both for asphalt binder and asphalt mixture. Different proportions of mix for crumb rubber and polyethylene terephthalate plastic polymer were used to systematically investigate the effect of mix ratio on performance of the asphalt material. The experimental analysis reveals that the combined application of 10% by weight of crumb rubber chips and 2% polyethylene terephthalate plastic polymer are the ideal mix ratios found effective in modifying properties of the asphalt mixture. The asphalt binder test results indicate that adding 10% crumb rubber to asphalt binder reduced penetration by 1.56% along with increment of the softening point by 4.33%. Furthermore, the indicated optimum mix amount resulted in 0.17% rise, 20.07% drop, and 20.71% increase in Marshal stability, flow, and stiffness, respectively. Besides, tensile strength of the asphalt mixture was enhanced with addition of the filler and binder materials. It was witnessed that the combined application of the additives performs better than their separate use in modifying properties of the asphalt mix.
Investigating the Activity of Carbon Fiber Electrode for Electricity Generation from Waste Potatoes in a Single-Chambered Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Din Muhammad Imran , Ahmed Mahmood , Ahmad Muhammad , Iqbal Mahroosh , Ahmad Zahoor , Hussain Zaib , Khalid Rida , Samad Abdul
Published: January 2023

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs), a technology that converts chemical energy into electrical energy, have been regarded as the most suitable method for sustainable energy production. However, most MFCs generate a low power output, limiting their large-scale industrial applications. Here, we introduce a high-performancesingle-chambered microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) based on carbon fiber anode and zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NP)-fabricated copper cathode. Furthermore, best optimized conditions of temperature, pH, substrate, external resistance, and cathode fabrication were also considered to evaluate the performance of this SCMFC in treating potato wastewater along with bioenergy production. Results indicated that chemical oxygen demand (COD) could be effectively removed (80%) and maximum voltage, current density, and power density were 1.58 V, 0.235 mA/cm2, and 0.3714 mW/cm2, respectively. Hence, the SCMFC used in this study has a higher potential to treat potato wastewater along with high power production.
Seed-Borne Fungi Associated with Diverse Rice Varieties Cultivated in the Western North Region of Ghana
Authors: Ackaah Francis Mensah , Nyaku Seloame Tatu , Darkwa Edmund
Published: January 2023

Rice is a major staple in the Ghanaian diet. However, its production is constrained by fungal diseases. A survey was conducted in 2018 in three selected districts in the Western North Region of Ghana using a structured questionnaire and face-to-face interaction with 230 farmers to assess their knowledge, perceptions of seed-borne fungal diseases, and management practices. Additionally, fungi associated with farmer’s seeds were isolated and identified through the Agar and Blotter tests. Findings indicate that 72.7% of the farmers in the selected districts relied on their saved seeds for planting. Thirteen fungal genera were associated with the rice seed samples collected from the three districts. The Juaboso district had the majority (13) of seed-borne fungi. The seed samples were categorized into various forms of discolouration, and significant differences (

P
<
0.05

) existed among the seed samples for this parameter. The AGRA rice, a farmer-saved seed from Juaboso, had the highest level of seed discolouration (41.96%). Fungi identified to be associated with the dark brown/brown discolouration of rice seeds were Bipolaris spp., Fusarium spp., Macrophomina phaseolina and Aspergillus spp. The only fungus associated with the yellow/pale yellow colour was Bipolaris spp. The fungi Bipolaris spp., Curvularia spp., and Botryodiplodia spp. were associated with the dark spot discolouration. Alternaria spp., and Aspergillus spp. were observed on the greyish white seed discolouration sample. Fungi are associated with rice cultivation and vary according to district and rice variety. A complex of pathogenic and saprophytic fungi therefore infects rice grains both in field and storage conditions.
camino por recorrer en investigación en contabilidad y género
Authors: Patiño Jacinto Ruth Alejandra
Published: January 2023

La contabilidad desde diversas perspectivas, como práctica social considera el impacto de la disciplina legitimando prácticas inadecuadas, ilegitimas, antiéticas, ilegales incluso, que generan desigualdades e inequidades en y entre los países, además problemas de sostenibilidad a nivel mundial. (seguir leyendo...)