bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combining regional mesh refinement with vertically enhanced physics to target marine stratocumulus biases as demonstrated in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1
Authors: Bogenschutz Peter A. , Lee Hsiang-He , Tang Qi , Yamaguchi Takanobu
Published: January 2023

Abstract. In this paper we develop a novel framework aimed to significantly reduce biases related to marine stratocumulus clouds in general circulation models (GCMs) while circumventing excessive computational cost requirements. Our strategy is to increase the horizontal resolution using a regionally refined mesh (RRM) over our region of interest in addition to using the Framework for Improvement by Vertical Enhancement (FIVE) to increase the vertical resolution only for specific physical processes that are important for stratocumulus. We apply the RRM off the coast of Peru in the southeastern Pacific, a region that climatologically contains the most marine stratocumulus in the subtropics. We find that our new modeling framework is able to replicate the results of our high-resolution benchmark simulation with much fidelity, while reducing the computational cost by several orders of magnitude. In addition, this framework is able to greatly reduce the long-standing biases associated with marine stratocumulus in GCMs when compared to the standard-resolution control simulation.
Brief communication on the NW Himalayan towns; slipping towards potential disaster
Authors: Sundriyal Yaspal , Kumar Vipin , Chauhan Neha , Kaushik Sameeksha , Ranjan Rahul , Punia Mohit K.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The NW Himalaya has been one of most affected terrains of Himalaya subjected to frequent disastrous landslides owing to active tectonics and multiple precipitation sources. This article aims at two towns (Joshimath and Bhatwari) of the Uttarakhand in the NW Himalaya (India), which have been witnessing subsidence for decades. In the last 1–2 weeks, Joshimath has witnessed widespread cracks in more than 500 houses that has created the social unrest. The hillslopes accommodating both the towns comprise highly jointed gneisses with schistose interlayers rockmass, subsidence in road, broken retaining wall, holes, displacing boulders, and cracks in the houses. Recently, such slope instability phenomena have increased that is leading to social movements in the region seeking government action for possible evacuation and rehabilitation. Present study has involved continuum modeling-based slope stability simulation to determine the response of these hillslopes under various loading conditions; gravity, rainfall, building load, domestic discharge, and seismic load. Results revealed that the displacement in these hillslopes might reach up to 20–25 m that will further aggravate the situation. Occurrence of frequent extreme rainfalls in these towns and three major earthquakes i.e., 1 Sep. 1803 (Mw7.8), 20 Oct. 1991 (Mw 6.8), and 29 Mar. 1999 (Mw 6.6) having hypocentral distance less than 30 km make such study more viable for decision making.
A data-driven model for Fennoscandian wildfire danger
Authors: Bakke Sigrid Jørgensen , Wanders Niko , van der Wiel Karin , Tallaksen Lena Merete
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Wildfires are recurrent natural hazards that affect terrestrial ecosystems, the carbon cycle, climate and society. They are typically hard to
predict, as their exact location and occurrence are driven by a variety of factors. Identifying a selection of dominant controls can ultimately
improve predictions and projections of wildfires in both the current and a future climate. Data-driven models are suitable for identification of
dominant factors of complex and partly unknown processes and can both help improve process-based models and work as independent models. In this
study, we applied a data-driven machine learning approach to identify dominant hydrometeorological factors determining fire occurrence over
Fennoscandia and produced spatiotemporally resolved fire danger probability maps. A random forest learner was applied to predict fire danger
probabilities over space and time, using a monthly (2001–2019) satellite-based fire occurrence dataset at a 0.25∘ spatial grid as the
target variable. The final data-driven model slightly outperformed the established Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index (FWI) used for comparison. Half of
the 30 potential predictors included in the study were automatically selected for the model. Shallow volumetric soil water anomaly stood out as the
dominant predictor, followed by predictors related to temperature and deep volumetric soil water. Using a local fire occurrence record for Norway as
target data in a separate analysis, the test set performance increased considerably. This demonstrates the potential of developing reliable
data-driven models for regions with a high-quality fire occurrence record and the limitation of using satellite-based fire occurrence data in
regions subject to small fires not identified by satellites. We conclude that data-driven fire danger probability models are promising, both as a
tool to identify the dominant predictors and for fire danger probability mapping. The derived relationships between wildfires and the selected
predictors can further be used to assess potential changes in fire danger probability under different (future) climate scenarios.
Forest liming in the face of climate change: the implications of restorative liming for soil organic carbon in mature German forests
Authors: van Straaten Oliver , Kulp Larissa , Martinson Guntars O. , Zederer Dan Paul , Talkner Ulrike
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Forest liming is a management tool that has and continues to be used
extensively across northern Europe to counteract acidification processes
from anthropogenic sulfur and nitrogen (N) deposition. In this study, we
quantified how liming affects soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and attempt
to disentangle the mechanisms responsible for the often contrasting
processes that regulate net soil carbon (C) fluxes. Using a paired plot
experimental design we compared SOC stocks in limed plots with adjacent
unlimed control plots at 28 experimental sites to 60 cm soil depth in mature
broadleaf and coniferous forests across Germany. Historical soil data from a
subset of the paired experiment plots were analyzed to assess how SOC stocks
in both control and limed plots changed between 1990 and 2019. Overall, we found that forest floor C stocks have been accumulating over
time in the control plots. Liming however largely offset organic layer
buildup in the L/Of layer, and forest floor C stocks remained unchanged
over time in the limed plots. This, in turn, meant that nutrients remained
mobile and were not bound in soil organic matter complexes. Results from the
paired plot analysis showed that forest floor C stocks were significantly
lower in limed plots than the control (−34 %, −8.4 ± 1.7 Mg C ha−1) but did not significantly affect SOC stocks in the
mineral soil, when all sites are pooled together. In the forest floor
layers, SOC stocks exhibited an exponential decrease with increasing pH,
highlighting how lime-induced improvements in the biochemical environment
stimulate organic matter (OM) decomposition. Nevertheless, for both forest
floor and mineral soils, the magnitude and direction of the belowground C
changes hinged directly on the inherent site characteristics, namely, forest
type (conifer versus broadleaf), soil pH, soil texture, and the soil SOC
stocks. On the other hand, SOC stock decreases were often offset by other
processes that fostered C accumulation, such as improved forest productivity
or increased carbon stabilization, which correspondingly translated to an
overall variable response by SOC stocks, particularly in the mineral soil. Lastly, we measured soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and soil methane
(CH4) flux immediately after a re-liming event at three of the
experimental sites. Here, we found that (1) liming doubles CH4 uptake
in the long-term; (2) soil organic matter mineralization
processes respond quickly to liming, even though the duration and size of
the CO2 flush varied between sites; and (3) lime-derived CO2
contributed very little to total CO2 emissions over the measurement
period (determined using stable isotope approaches).
First results of Antarctic sea ice type retrieval from active and passive microwave remote sensing data
Authors: Melsheimer Christian , Spreen Gunnar , Ye Yufang , Shokr Mohammed
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Polar sea ice is one of the Earth's climate components that has been significantly affected by the recent trend of global warming. While the sea ice area in the Arctic has been decreasing at a rate of about 4 % per decade, the multi-year ice (MYI), also called perennial ice, is decreasing at a faster rate of 10 %–15 % per decade. On the other hand, the sea ice area in the Antarctic region was slowly increasing at a rate of about 1.5 % per decade until 2014, and since then it has fluctuated without a clear trend. However, no data about ice type areas are available from that region, particularly for MYI. Due to differences in the physical and crystalline structural properties of sea ice and snow between the two polar regions, it has become difficult to identify ice types in the Antarctic. Until recently,no satellite retrieval scheme was ready to monitor the distribution and temporal development of Antarctic ice types, particularly MYI, throughout the freezing season and on timescales of several years. In this study, we have adapted a method for retrieving Arctic sea ice types and partial concentrations using microwave satellite observations to fit the Antarctic sea ice conditions. The core of the retrieval method is a mathematical scheme that needs empirical distributions of the microwave brightness temperature and backscatter input parameters for the different ice types. The first circumpolar, long-term time series of Antarctic sea ice types (MYI, first-year ice, and young ice) is being established, and so far covers the years 2013–2021. Qualitative comparison with (a) synthetic aperture radar data, (b) charts of the development stage of the sea ice, and (c) the Antarctic polynya distribution data show that the retrieved ice types, in particular the MYI, are reasonable. Although there are still some shortcomings, the new retrieval allows insight into the interannual evolution and dynamics of Antarctic sea ice types for the first time. The current time series can in principle be extended backwards to start in the year 2002 and can be continued with current and future sensors.
Federici, F. M., Declercq, C. (Eds.). (2021). Intercultural Crisis Communication: Translation, Interpreting and Languages in Local Crises. Bloomsbury Academic. (pp. 280) http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350097087
Authors: Zhang Shaoqiang , Jia Huihuang
Published: January 2023

Book review
EXPERIÊNCIAS DE CUIDADORES FAMILIARES DE IDOSOS COM DEPENDÊNCIA NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Severino Laíssa Araújo , Silva Gabriella Corrêa da , Machado Renata Evangelista Tavares , Coelho France Araújo , Ribas Fábio Vieira , Machado Daniel Rodrigues
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Compreender as experiências dos cuidadores familiares de pessoas idosas com dependência no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19. Método: pesquisa fenomenológica que entrevistou 11 cuidadores familiares de idosos dependentes de um município de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os depoimentos foram organizados em categorias e analisados segundo a fenomenologia social de Alfred Schütz e literatura temática. Resultados: emergiram as categorias: “Os cuidados ao familiar idoso foram intensificados na pandemia de Covid-19”, “Acesso ao apoio formal da Atenção Primária à Saúde no momento da pandemia”, “Esperam que o familiar idoso melhore e não seja infectado pelo Covid-19”. Considerações finais: é imperativo que a equipe de Atenção Primária à Saúde estabeleça uma relação efetiva com esses cuidadores familiares, de modo que o cuidado ofertado esteja alinhado as reais necessidades deste público.
Specific actions of the prosecutor at the stage of the preliminary hearing
Authors: Chirtoaca Ion
Published: January 2023

The legal basis for the examination of criminal cases before the court its submission by the prosecutor who drew up the indictment act. As a consequence of the prosecutor’s action, it is bringing the person/persons before the courts, who, from the prosecutor’s perspective, are to be held criminally liable. Therefore, the legal action determined by the submission of the indictment act is supported by an active subject, in the person of the prosecutor, from this point of view, the role of the prosecutor at the preliminary hearing phase is a complex one. Or, it is known that a first purpose of the accusation before the first instance is to hold the person liable. The above, in no way cancels the postulate that the prosecution must be legal and thorough. This study provides a through analysis of specific actions for the preliminary hearing, which the prosecutor have to exercise when the case is tried before the first court.
Real-time recognition framework for Indian Sign Language using fine-tuned convolutional neural networks
Authors: Soni Rajat , Vijay Anshul , Khandelwal Aakash , Vijay Radhika , Yadav Vipin , Bhatia Deepak
Published: January 2023

Sign language is a very crucial aspect in the lives of those who cannot speak or listen to those around them. People with these disabilities have difficulty communicating with the outside world and feel left behind. Much research is ongoing to create a better way of communicating for these people. This work establishes interaction between hearing or speech impaired with the world by recognizing the 33-hand pose and gestures of Indian Sign Language (ISL). This framework can recognize alphabets and numbers in real-time and also generate gestures in real-time for the given alphabets and numbers. The fine-tuned Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model is explored for the recognition of alphabets and numbers in real-time. A GUI is developed for an easy-to-use interface and immediate visual feedback. Data acquisition software is also developed to create a database. A database of 74,200 images of 33 static signs is captured and used in this work. The results are evaluated on different CNN architectures and learning rates. Accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score are used as performance metrics. The proposed work accomplished the most noteworthy training precision of 99.97% and a validation accuracy of 99.59%.
Fluctuación de la prevalencia viral en relación a Varroa destructor
Authors: Salina Marcos Daniel , Vega Maricel , Bravi Maria Emilia , Bais Barbara , Sguazza Hernan
Published: January 2023

Las abejas melíferas son de gran importancia para la humanidad, además de aportar una gran variedad de productos derivados de la colmena, polinizan ecosistemas y aumentan producciones agrícolas de importancia para el humano. Muchos patógenos pueden afectar la salud de las colonias y en ocasiones causar el colapso de las mismas, entre los principales agentes se destaca el acaro Varroa destructor. Además, este ectoparásito puede actuar como vector mecánico o biológico de diversos virus. En este trabajo 20 colmenas fueron muestreadas durante un año, se cuantificó porcentaje de infestación de Varroa destructor y se detectó la presencia de virus en muestras de abejas y en ácaros, con el objetivo de determinar la relación que poseen estos agentes durante las distintas estaciones del año. Demostramos que no hay asociación directa entre la presencia del ácaro y la mayoría de los virus estudiados, con excepción del virus de las alas deformes. En colmenas con mayor porcentaje de infestación por ácaros, se encontró con más frecuencia la presencia de este virus.
Varroa destructor en Latinoamérica: una introducción a la biología, ecología y control en la región
Authors: Fuentes Giselle , Iglesias Azucena , Mitton Giulia , Ramos Facundo , Brasesco Constanza , Maggi Matias
Published: January 2023

El ectoparásito de Apis mellifera, Varroa destructor, es uno de los principales problemas para la apicultura mundial. La siguiente revisión indaga en investigaciones relacionadas con la parasitosis, con principal hincapié en los estudios llevados a cabo en Latinoamérica. Desde los primeros registros de la parasitosis y hasta la actualidad, se presenta una recopilación de la biología, ecología, virus asociados a Varroa, mecanismos de control con acaricidas de síntesis y resistencia; como así su interacción con los linajes africanos. Finalmente, se integra y discute la relación de los conocimientos en el área con la actividad apícola y los mecanismos actuales de control natural.
Thực trạng quản lý công tác xã hội hóa giáo dục ở các trường trung học cơ sở tại thành phố Đồng Xoài, tỉnh Bình Phước
Authors: Nguyễn Viết Tuyên , Hồ Văn Thống
Published: January 2023

Bài báo đánh giá kết quả thực trạng quản lý công tác xã hội hóa giáo dục ở các trường trung học cơ sở, từ việc khảo sát 279 khách thể khảo sát, trong đó có 9 cán bộ quản lý, 120 giáo viên và 150 cha mẹ học sinh ở 4 trường trung học cơ sở tại thành phố Đồng Xoài, tỉnh Bình Phước. Kết quả khảo sát được chúng tôi xử lý số liệu theo thang đo 4 mức độ để tính điểm trung bình và tỷ lệ phần trăm để phân tích và đánh giá thực trạng. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy còn nhiều vấn đề bất cập trong công tác quản lý xã hội hóa giáo dục ở các trường trung học cơ sở tại thành phố Đồng Xoài, tỉnh Bình Phước, thực trạng này là cơ sở để các nhà quản lý có cơ sở để đề xuất các biện pháp quản lý phù hợp nhằm nâng cao chất lượng, hiệu quả công tác xã hội hóa giáo dục ở các trường trung học cơ sở địa phương này.
Dạy học chủ đề cơ học theo định hướng giáo dục STEM
Authors: Phạm Thiết Trường , Hà Thái Thuỷ Lê , Nguyễn Hoàng Anh
Published: January 2023

Việc triển khai thực hiện giáo dục STEM đã được thực hiện ở một số trường Trung học phổ thông trong thời gian qua nhằm kết nối kiến thức học sinh đã học với thế giới thực, giải quyết các vấn đề thực tiễn nhằm nâng cao hứng thú học tập, phát triển phẩm chất và năng lực cho học sinh. Giáo dục STEM có thể thực hiện ở dạng đơn môn hoặc tích hợp liên môn trong các hoạt động mang tính tập thể, các phong trào, ngoại khóa của học sinh. Bài viết chia sẻ một số vấn đề về thực tiễn giáo dục STEM ở một số trường Trung học phổ thông trên địa bàn tỉnh Đồng Tháp dựa trên việc phân tích kết quả khảo sát để thiết kế một số hoạt động dạy học chủ đề cơ học theo định hướng STEM cho học sinh trung học phổ thông.
Giải pháp phát triển năng lực đọc hiểu văn học nước ngoài cho sinh viên khoa Sư phạm Ngữ văn, Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Bích Phượng
Published: January 2023

Đọc hiểu văn học nước ngoài là một trong những năng lực quan trọng cần hình thành và phát triển cho sinh viên ngành Sư phạm Ngữ văn. Trên cơ sở lí luận và thực tiễn, nghiên cứu này đề xuất một số giải pháp để phát triển năng lực đọc hiểu văn học nước ngoài cho sinh viên khoa Sư phạm Ngữ văn, Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp, nhằm đảm bảo chuẩn đầu ra, đáp ứng yêu cầu cấp thiết của đổi mới giáo dục đại học và đổi mới giáo dục phổ thông hiện nay
Biện pháp giáo dục tính tự lập cho trẻ 25-36 tháng tuổi thông qua chế độ sinh hoạt hàng ngày ở trường mầm non
Authors: Nguyễn Ngọc Trinh
Published: January 2023

Giáo dục tính tự lập cho trẻ là một nhiệm vụ mang ý nghĩa quan trọng và cần thiết. Thông qua chế độ sinh hoạt hàng ngày ở trường mầm non giúp trẻ chủ động, tự tin, sẵn sàng thích ứng trước mọi thay đổi của hoàn cảnh. Trong bài viết, chúng tôi xây dựng một số khái niệm của vấn đề nghiên cứu; làm rõ chế độ sinh hoạt hàng ngày, các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến việc hình thành tính tự lập của trẻ 25 - 36 tháng tuổi ở trường mầm non và thực trạng về việc giáo dục tính tự lập cho trẻ trên địa bàn Thành phố Cao Lãnh tỉnh Đồng Tháp. Từ đó, chúng tôi đề xuất một số biện pháp giáo dục tính tự lập cho trẻ 25 - 36 tháng tuổi thông qua chế độ sinh hoạt hàng ngày ở trường mầm non.
Comedy and Plague in the Time of Covid: The BBC's Upstart Crow: Lockdown Christmas 1603
Authors: Green William
Published: January 2023

The BBC’s Upstart Crow, created and scripted by Ben Elton, is a British situation comedy loosely based on the life and career of the early modern dramatist William Shakespeare (1564-1616). Beginning in 2016, as part of worldwide commemorations of the 400th anniversary of the writer’s death, the show has gone on to provide viewers with a more irreverent take on this most well-known of playwrights for a total of three series thus far, repeatedly inviting favourable comparisons to the 1980s historical comedy series Blackadder (1983-9), on which Elton also previously worked. On 21 December 2020, however, a special episode of the sitcom aired which altered its tone and style considerably. The article first considers how the episode’s tone and representation of social isolation sets it apart from the show’s established formula. It then considers how this episode seeks to relate its viewers’ experience of the contemporary Covid-19 pandemic to the experience of plague in early modern England. Finally, the article explores how the episode takes inspiration from Shakespeare’s own life experiences and, more specifically, from his Jacobean tragedy Macbeth in order to construct a poignant reflection of the social isolation experienced by so many of the episode’s anticipated audiences over the previous year.
ECG for Detection of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Hussain Huma , Saeed Muniza , Lodhi Hifza Noor , Khaliq Shagufta , Zakir Afsheen , Riaz Naila Masood
Published: January 2023

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy is the most common cardiac event associated with chronic kidney disease. Aim: To detect LVH by electrocardiography in patients with CKD. Study design: Observational study. Methodology: It was an observational study with total of 62 CKD patients enrolled through convenience sampling. Their blood 3ml was drawn aseptically for estimation of serum creatinine. All enrolled subjects underwent electrocardiographic examination. Patients with low GFR (<60ml/min/1.73m2) and high serum creatinine concentration (>1.5mg/dl) were included. Data was evaluated by using SPSS vr 24. The results were presented as counts, means and standard deviation as appropriate. Results: Left ventricular hypertrophy was present in 50% of enrolled patients as depicted by ECG recording. The calculated sensitivity and specificity of ECG for LVH were 75% and 100% respectively. Almost 38.7% patients were 56-65 years of age. There were 33.9% patients in the age of 35-45 years and 27.4% was in the age of 46-55 years. The median (IQR) age was 54.50 (41.75-60) years. In our study population, median (IQR) of height was 152cm (150-156). The mean weight was 65.85 kg with standard deviation of 8.42 kg i.e., 65.85 ±8.42kg. Mean body mass index was 27.85. Practical Implication: Current project helped health providers to diagnose cardiac event at an early stage among patients of kidney fail¬ure on ECG findings thus the adverse outcomes could be prevented or delayed. Conclusion: ECG abnormalities are common in hospitalized CKD patients in local population. All hospitalized CKD patients should undergo ECG to screen for cardiovascular disease. It was thus concluded that ECG can be used as a sensitive diagnostic tool in combination with different ECG indices to detect LVH. Key words: Electrocardiography, Chronic Kidney Disease, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Sokolow-Lyon Voltage Index
Efficacy of Seoul National University Renal Stone Complexity Score for Predicting Stone Free Rate after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Authors: Ullah Haleem , Mahar Naveed Ahmed , Channa Mazhar Ali , Kalhoro Ghulam Mustafa , Qureshi Harris Hassan , Kalwar Sara Rasheed , Mohsen Rehan
Published: January 2023

Aim: To determine the frequency of stone clearance following single tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy and evaluate the reliability of the renal stone. Study Design: Descriptive study Place and duration of study: Department of Urology, SIUT, Karachi from 1st January 2020 to 31st October 2021. Methodology: One hundred and forty four patients were enrolled. Patients were classified into three groups, low, medium and high score group based on Seoul Renal Stone Complexity Scoring System. To determine the SFR, all patients were followed with ultrasound and X-ray KUB for 30th day after the surgery. Results: The patients' mean age was 34.51±12.57 years. The mean SReSC score was 4.00±1.96. There were 106(73.61%) males and 38(26.39%) patients were females. SReSC score was low in 71 patients (49.31%), medium in 45 patients (31.25%), and high in 28 patients (19.44%). 114(79.17%) patients were found to be stone-free. The SFR was greater among patients with a low S-ReSC score 98.6%. Conclusion: The S-ReCSC scoring system is valuable in predicting of the post PCNL stone free rate. Keywords: Seoul National University Renal Stone Complexity Score, Stone free rate, Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.
Evaluation of Liver Function Tests (LFT) and C-reactive protein in COVID-19 (SARS Cov-2) positive patients diagnosed by Real-time PCR
Authors: Khurshid Fatima , Mumtaz Madiha , , Iqbal Sajjad
Published: January 2023

Background/Aim: Unpredicted social and economic consequences have resulted from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide. Limited information is currently available addressing the COVID-19 infection impact on the RT-PCR Cycle threshold value trend, infection risk factors, impact on liver enzymes, etc. Methods: From November 2020 to March 2021, a cross-sectional study was carried out in the Chemical Pathology also Molecular Biology divisions of the Pathology Department of Shalamar Hospital, Lahore. Results: Males had a higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection than females about 51%. 36.5 percent of total infected people fell within the 20–40 age range. Significant factors that affect the severity of COVID-19 include age and underlying comorbidities. The majority of the patients (78.3%) reported fever, 50.4% had a cough, and 50.1% had myalgias. Low Ct value of RT-PCR may be asignificant predictor of illness severity and risk of mortality, with p values of 0.001 and 0.003, correspondingly. Disease severity was substantially associated with CRP, AST, ALT, and bilirubin indirect. It was observed that the Deritis ratio and CRP were highly associated with the risk of mortality. These markers can therefore be used to evaluate a patient's status as it progresses toward a severe disease, liver damage from treatment, and death risk. Conclusions: For doctors making patient management decisions, real-time PCR data and Ct values for SARS-CoV-2 may be useful. Age and comorbidities, among other risk variables, have been recognized as being associated with the likelihood of having a fatal illness. ALT, AST, Deritis ratio, and CRP are biochemical laboratory indicators that can be considered prognostic biomarkers for the development of severe disease and risk of mortality. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Liver, Cough, Pandemic
Predictive Accuracy of Paediatric Trauma Score, our experience at Children Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Shan Nisha , Sharif Muhammad , Slaeem Muhammad , Majeed Fatima , Arif Hafiz Muhammad , Azam Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Aim: To find predictive accuracy of pediatric trauma score (PTS) in terms of mortality in the Children’s hospital and institute of child health Lahore. Study design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Paediatric Surgery department, CH & ICH, Lahore. Duration of study: 1st January 2019 to 30th June 2019. Methods: All patients presented with trauma, aged 1-15 years were included in study. All patients with major burn, associated cardiac injuries (e.g., stab heart), victims who required monitoring and hospitalization less than 24 hours, and those referred to other hospitals were excluded from the study. Initial assessment of all patients was done and paediatric trauma score was evaluated in the emergency room. Patients were managed and 24 hours follow-up was done to predict the mortality. Results: From 290 children, 207(71.38%) were males and 83 (28.6%) were females. Mean age of the children was 7.53 years. The most common mode of trauma was Car accident in children 67(23.1%), followed by Auto rickshaw vs. motorcycle n= 50 (17.24%), and auto rickshaw vs. pedestrian 40(13.79%). Mean Hospital Arrival Time in Minutes was 100.31 minutes. Mean paediatric trauma score amongst all children was 7.22. Overall mortality was reported in 27(9.3%) children. PTS < 8 turned out to be statistically significantly related to mortality (P value < 0.001). Patients with diagnostic test characteristics of PTS < 8 to predict mortality were having sensitivity 91.0%, specificity 56.1%, positive predictive value 38.4%, negative predictive value 95.4% and the diagnostic accuracy of 64.1%. Conclusion: By Paediatric trauma score we can predict about the necessity of critical interventions in patients and also, we can predict percentage of mortality in paediatric trauma patients. However, accuracy of paediatric trauma score seems to be moderate in detecting most severe paediatric trauma cases. Keywords: PTS, mortality, hospital arrival time, morbidity, major burn predictor.
Impact of Vaccination on Symptomatology among COVID-19 Infection and Re-infection
Authors: Munir Muhammad Kashif , Rehman Sana , Aftab Ayesha , Nazir Muhammad Amer , Ali Akhtar , Asghar Naeem
Published: January 2023

Background: Present indications proposed strong bases that people suffered from SARS-CoV-2 infection are still susceptible to re-infection. Studies proposed that one of the COVID-19 viral vector vaccine and two genetic mRNA vaccines presented generous defense for COVID-19 infection as well as persisted effectively against mutated variants. Aim: To observe the impact of vaccination symptomatology among patients presented with COVID-19 infection for the first time and compared it with those of re-infected cases during 5th wave in Pakistan Methods: This descriptive study included a total of 248 patients were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Patients themselves or their attendants receiving reports from the counter of various laboratories were targeted. A verbal informed consent was taken before data collection. Following information about, job nature, side effects after vaccination, comorbidities, level of symptoms (i.e. mild, moderate and high) Results: A total 248 patients consisting of 52.0% females and 48.0% males with overall mean age of 35.96±17.94 years. A total of 37.5% patients were re-infected further proportion of male gender 46.2% and 29.5% were females. Proportion of re-infection in fully vaccinated group remained to be 35.5%, partially vaccinated as 43.9% and unvaccinated as 42.9%. ANOVA was applied to compare the severity of symptoms with full, partial and unvaccinated patients. Conclusion: Lack of discernable variations in protection against COVID-19 re-infection were observe through vaccination or prior infection. Ultimately trends show an enhancement in level of protection from re-infection was shown as prior infection alone, partial vaccination and full vaccination respectively. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, re-infection, Symptomatology.
LÚPUS ERITEMATOSO SISTÊMICO: REVISÃO DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICAS E DIAGNÓSTICAS
Authors: Peres Julia Garcia , De Souza Vanessa Lacerda , da Luz Nathaly Adriely Farias Soares , Tortora Nathália Soave , de Melo Lucas Souza , dos Santos Júnior Paulo de Tarso , Pequeno Isadora Letícia de Pontes Alves , Lopes Mirella  Costa , Leite Cleber Queiroz
Published: January 2023

O lúpus eritematoso sistêmico é uma doença inflamatória autoimune crônica, ocasionada pela produção de autoanticorpos, com períodos alternados de remissão e atividade. Na idade adulta é mais prevalente no sexo feminino e está relacionada a fatores genéticos, como a deficiência de C1q, C1r, C1s, C4, C2 e C3 na cascata do complemento, a deficiência do receptor FC de imunoglobulinas, a existência de DR3 e HLA-DR2 e também mecanismos que fazem com que aconteça uma exacerbação da imunidade inata. Assim como fatores ambientais como hormônios, raios ultravioletas, sílica e entre outros. Esses agentes fazem com que ocorra uma produção anormal de linfócitos T, responsáveis pelo controle da autoimunidade. Esses autoanticorpos atacam proteínas próprias do organismo, causando inflamação em vários órgãos. A apresentação clínica pode ser cutânea (manchas na pele) ou sistêmica, sendo o envolvimento articular a manifestação clínica mais frequente. Pode apresentar também, fadiga, eritema malar, placas eritematosas, alopecia, pericardite, pneumonite, síndrome nefrítica lúpica e outros achados clínicos. Por ser uma doença complexa, seu diagnóstico é multifatorial, sendo necessário 4 dos 11 critérios propostos pela American College of Rheumatology (ACR), entre eles, se observa apresentações clínicas (rash malar, rash discóide, artrite e úlcera oral), presença de autoanticorpos (anti-DNA nativo, FAN, anticardiolipina IgM e IgG, anti-Sm, anticoagulante lúpico, anti-La/SSB, anti-RNP e anti-Ro/SSA), avaliação de exames laboratoriais como VHS, PCR, hemograma, exame de urina e avaliação de alterações neurológicas. O tratamento é individual e feito de acordo com a gravidade de cada caso.
Tercer Consenso Argentino sobre el manejo de los Trastornos Bipolares. Primera Parte: introducción, método de trabajo y generalidades
Authors: Cetkovich-Bakmas Marcelo , Abadi Andrea , Camino Sebastián , García Bonetto Gerardo , Herbst Luis , Marengo Eliana , Torrente Fernando , Maresca Tomás , Bustin Julián , Morra Carlos , Corral Ricardo , Sotelo Daniel , Strejilevich Sergio , Pessio Julián , Vilapriño Juan José , Vilapriño Manuel , Vázquez Gustavo , Corrales Alejo
Published: January 2023

El Tercer Consenso Argentino sobre el manejo de los Trastornos Bipolares (TB) es una iniciativa de la Asociación Argentina de Psiquiatría Biológica (AAPB). Como documento de referencia, este consenso persigue dos objetivos principales: por un lado, resumir y sistematizar la mejor evidencia disponible sobre el manejo integral de esta patología; por el otro, proporcionar un instrumento útil y actualizado a psiquiatras, a equipos multidisciplinarios abocados a la salud mental y a organismos gubernamentales. Durante un período de aproximadamente seis meses de trabajo –desde mayo a octubre de 2022– un comité de expertos integrado por 18 profesionales y por representantes de las tres asociaciones de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental más importantes de la Argentina: la AAPB, la Asociación Argentina de Psiquiatras, (AAP) y la Asociación de Psiquiatras Argentinos (APSA), se abocaron a actualizar la información respecto de los TB. Finalmente, y como resultado de una exhaustiva revisión de la bibliográfica publicada hasta la actualidad, se confeccionó este documento que fue dividido estratégicamente en tres partes: la primera versa acerca de las generalidades del TB; la segunda aborda el  tratamiento integral de la patología; y, por último, la tercera analiza los TB en el contexto de situaciones especiales.
Identification of Factors Contributing to Primary Female Subfertility by Diagnostic Hystero-Laparoscopy: An Experience of Private Hospital
Authors: Latif Khan Yousaf , Sajida Imran  , Samreen Zahra
Published: January 2023

Background: Management of subfertility is influenced by the diagnosis of its causative factor. Combined diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy has emerged as an effective procedure in identifying causative factors of female subfertility.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify contributory factors to primary female subfertility by diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Hameed Latif hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from December 2021 to May 2022. Data was collected from 344 women with female primary subfertility, undergoing combined diagnostic hystero-laparascopy. All the demographic data along with identified causative factors (tubal blockade, cervical Os stenosis, endometrial polyp, uterine septum, uterine fibroid, endometriosis, peri tubal adhesions and polycystic ovaries) during the procedure were recorded in predesigned study proforma. Data were analyzed through SPSS software 23.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 25±5.0 years and the mean duration of subfertility was 3.8+0.55 years. Two hundred and eighty-four (82.56%) patients had abnormal findings, while sixty (17.44%) had normal findings. Out of 284 patients, 94(34%) had one identified factor, while 190 (66%) patients had two or more identified factors for primary subfertility. Polycystic ovaries were seen in 128(37.21%) patients, followed by tubal blockade in 81(23.54%), peri tubal adhesions/hydrosalpinx in 58(16.86%) patients.
Conclusions: Diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy is an effective diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of female factor subfertility and may be helpful to gynecologists in devising further management plans.
Strategies for Improving Memory in Students
Authors: Zaidi Fatima Zia , Zaidi Abdul Rehman Zia
Published: January 2023

Students generally have little to no understanding of the memory processes, resulting in an inability to study effectively. To perform better, it is imperative to take control of memory by understanding how memory works, how information can be committed to memory, and how forgetting can be avoided. Some insight into the cognitive load theory can also be applied to improve learning.
The 35th Cognitive Psychology Section Annual Conference
Authors: Gobet Fernand
Published: January 2023

Chess players, musicians and video-game players tend to be more intelligent than individuals not engaged in these activities. It has thus been proposed that practising these activities improves cognitive ability and fosters educational achievements. Similar claims have been made with respect to other activities such as working memory training and brain training. This talk will review several meta-analyses performed to address these claims. It will also discuss the results of a second-order meta-analysis (a meta-meta-analysis) that examines all these domains simultaneously. The results are very consistent across domains: whilst there is evidence for near transfer (i.e. transfer to similar tasks), there is very little evidence for far transfer (i.e. transfer of a set of skills between domains only weakly related to each other). When placebo effects and publication biases are controlled for, the overall effect size for far transfer is essentially zero. These results cast serious doubts on the effectiveness of cognitive training for improving overall cognitive ability. They are also theoretically important: they support theories of learning and expertise such as chunking and template theories that emphasise domain-specific knowledge, and strongly suggest that the lack of generalisation of skills acquired by training is an invariant of human cognition.
The functionalist agenda in memory research
Authors: Nairne James S.
Published: January 2023

Memory researchers tend to focus on ‘how’ rather than ‘why’ people remember. Mnemonic effects are discovered – serial position curves, forgetting functions, spacing effects – but little is known about why memory actually works this way. Our laboratory has been investigating the functional roots of remembering, using evolution as a guiding framework. Human memory evolved subject to the constraints of nature’s criterion – differential survival and reproduction. Consequently, our capacity to remember and forget is likely tuned to solving fitness-based problems, particularly those prominent in ancestral environments. Do the operating characteristics of memory continue to bear the footprint of nature’s criterion? Are there mnemonic ‘tunings’ rooted in the remnants of a stone-age brain? Work from our laboratory suggests that (1) processing information for its survival relevance leads to superior long-term retention – better, in fact, than most known learning techniques, (2) animate (living) stimuli are remembered much better than matched inanimate (nonliving) stimuli, and (3) stimuli that have been potentially contaminated by disease are remembered especially well. Understanding how memory is used to solve adaptive problems relevant to fitness, we argue, provides critical insight into how human memory systems formed, and why they work the way they do.
A pilot study to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a neuropsychological screen for detecting cognitive impairment after stroke
Authors: Kitching Nicola , Santhouse Emma , Hopkins Catherine
Published: January 2023

RCP fand NSF guidelines recommend all stroke patients should be cognitively screened. Existing neuropsychological tests are not generally suitable. A screen, devised for the purpose, was evaluated for sensitivity and specificity on a stroke rehabilitation unit. Recommendations are made for improvements to the screen.
NICE about sex
Authors: Shaw Liz
Published: January 2023

Liz Shawconsiders the opportunities offered by the new guidance on sexual health
An audit of risk and the Care Programme Approach within a community mental health team
Authors: Hiskey Syd
Published: January 2023

An audit of CMHT client risk indicated that those on Enhanced CPA are more likely to be at risk but that the nature of the risks involved does not differ by CPA level.
The experience of auditory hallucinations in an undergraduate population
Authors: Coak Alison , Ormrod John
Published: January 2023

This article reports on the prevalence of auditory hallucinations in an English student sample. Eleven per cent reported the experience of hearing their own thoughts aloud and 36 per cent reported hearing their name called aloud when alone.
Working with interpreters
Authors: Shaw Liz
Published: January 2023

Liz Shawon the success of the first in a series of new Division CPD events
Coordinating and delivering a CBT programme to a whole multidisciplinary team
Authors: Valinejad Carol , Mahmood Misbah , Slade Mike , Malwah Monique
Published: January 2023

A description of how an introductory course in CBT, delivered to a whole multidisciplinary team, can help staff become interested in using CBT in their routine practice.
Reflection and reflexivity
Authors: Chinn Deborah
Published: January 2023

I argue that current conceptualisations of ‘reflection’ in practice have been adopted without much reflection on theoretical and epistemological underpinnings. By contrast, engaging in reflexivity may lead to opportunities for more critical and socially aware practice.
A career in learning disability: Factors influencing clinical psychologists’ choices
Authors: Coates Emma , Mason Paul , Elsworth Julie
Published: January 2023

This study explored factors in choosing a clinical speciality. Trainee and learning disability psychologists’ views are compared. Implications for recruitment in the learning disability speciality are discussed.
Identifying psychological needs in psychosis: Perceptions and priorities of CMHT keyworkers
Authors: Braehler Christine , Harper Sean F.
Published: January 2023

Psychological needs of individuals experiencing psychosis previously not referred to psychological services were found to be highly prevalent. Beliefs about keyworker roles, psychological ‘treatability’ and limited knowledge emerged as barriers to referral in a survey of CMHT keyworkers.
Supporting dads: A parenting programme for fathers with an acquired brain injury
Authors: Weatherhead Stephen , Newby Gavin
Published: January 2023

Community-based group approaches in neurorehabilitation can often be scuppered by poor transport links, cognitive-related processing problems and difficulties sustaining sufficient attendance. This paper describes an opportunistic approach that brought together two male clients to work on their shared parenting needs.
A memory services clinical project
Authors: Chaudhry Farah K.
Published: January 2023

Reflections on the development of a new psycho educational programme for people with dementia and their carers in a day care unit at Rotherham General Hospital.
The Introduction to Clinical Leadership and Management training programme for aspiring consultant clinical psychologists
Authors: Kiemle Gundi , Gwilliam Petra , Craig Jaime
Published: January 2023

The Introduction to Clinical Leadership and Management training programme for aspiring and recent consultant clinical psychologists is described. This includes the key components, evaluation and follow-up of the 2006 programme and an account of the course’s contribution to management and leadership development provided by two of the course participants.
A day of appreciative inquiry
Authors: Tickle Anna
Published: January 2023

This article offers a personal perspective upon a one-day conference on Appreciative Inquiry for Applied Psychologists.
CorrespondenceClinical psychologists in palliative careElectronic records: The new reality?
Authors: Kalus Christine , Chipchase Hazel
Published: January 2023

Joint Conference Chairs Dougal Hare and Anja Wittkowski on why the DCP annual conference is increasingly becoming a must attend for clinical psychologists of any area of specialism.
The concept of ‘psychological safety’: A proposal for a service philosophy
Authors: Conboy-Hill Suzanne
Published: January 2023

Economy of scale can result in depersonalisation of services. Evidence indicates that sound attachments are both therapeutic and humane. This article describes the proposed application of attachment theory, through notions of psychological safety and ‘the professional family’ to a multidisciplinary clinical service for adults with learning disabilities.
Adapting the manual: Reflections on modifying standardised group materials
Authors: Thompson Hayley , Lonsdale Jennie
Published: January 2023

This article is a reflection of the authors’ experiences of running a cognitive-behavioural programme within a primary school with children who have lower than average literacy skills.
Working with clients with dual diagnosis: Caseload, confidence levels and training needs of mental health workers
Authors: Hanes Joanna , Bennett Lara
Published: January 2023

This article investigates the growing issue of dual diagnosis difficulties in Manchester mental health services, with a focus on psychological therapy clinician’s confidence in assessing and working with such clients and their related training needs.
Existence, the self, psychosis and CBT
Authors: Chadwick Peter
Published: January 2023

This paper reframes issues usually central to existentialism into a form more digestible by the mainstream psychopathology field; and with the aim of better understanding and helping psychosis sufferers.
A focus group for fathers with learning disabilities: Using a qualitative analysis to develop an understanding of their experiences
Authors: Gosden Thomas , Kirkland Jamie
Published: January 2023

This paper reflects some of the experiences of fathers who have learning disabilities. Analysis of a small focus group identified six themes reflecting these experiences: a father’s role, learning problems, getting angry, treatment by professionals, discrimination and stigma, and feeling excluded and isolated. Implications are discussed.
Care pathway for people with a diagnosis of ‘personality disorder’
Authors: Woodrow Ceri , Shinner Mary , Tai Sara
Published: January 2023

An audit was conducted to assess the implementation of NIMHE guidelines for personality disorder within an acute psychiatric inpatient unit. Practice on two inpatient wards was reviewed. It was found that problems related to personality difficulties were not being recognised.
Speaking the unspeakable: Female interpreters’ response to working with women who have been raped in war
Authors: Butler Catherine
Published: January 2023

Of those women who seek asylum in Britain, a proportion will find their way into psychology services. Many of these women do not speak English and so interpreters are used. This paper investigates how interpreters make sense of and cope with interpreting rape stories.
The experience of drug-facilitated sexual assault
Authors: Major Beth , Hetherton Jacquie , Brown Gary , Petrak Jenny
Published: January 2023

This paper describes aspects of a larger qualitative study that sought to explore survivors’ experience of drug-facilitated sexual assault. Emphasis has been placed on how participants in the study described this type of sexual assault, and other peoples’ reaction to their experience.