bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural, positivo, romano e universal? Investigação sobre o direito das gentes em Tomás de Aquino
Authors: Zelesco Barretto Rafael
Published: March 2019

O artigo busca sintetizar o pensamento de Tomás de Aquino sobre o direito das gentes, a partir de uma leitura contextualizada das passagens em que tal autor o menciona. Trata-se de uma instância intermediária entre os direitos natural e positivo, determinada pelos institutos repetidos entre os diversos povos. A hipótese de trabalho, que se pensa haver comprovado no texto, é que o direito das gentes tomista não é mera herança do direito romano, inserindo-se coerentemente no pensamento jurídico do autor da Suma, com sua marca típica de universalidade. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em quatro partes: a primeira resume a teoria jurídica do Aquinate. A segunda mapeia o direito das gentes no texto da Suma Teológica. A terceira parte faz a análise textual e contextual, reservando-se apartados para o Tratado da Lei, o Tratado da Justiça e as fontes, sobretudo de juristas romanos, empregadas pelo Aquinate. Tal análise será comparada com as conclusões de outros historiadores do pensamento jusinternacionalista a respeito, o que permitirá ressaltar certas nuances da postura do teólogo medieval.
Constructing a data-driven receptor model for organic and inorganic aerosol – a synthesis analysis of eight mass spectrometric data sets from a boreal forest site
Authors: Äijälä Mikko , Daellenbach Kaspar R. , Canonaco Francesco , Heikkinen Liine , Junninen Heikki , Petäjä Tuukka , Kulmala Markku , Prévôt André S. H. , Ehn Mikael
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The interactions between organic and
inorganic aerosol chemical components are integral to understanding and
modelling climate and health-relevant aerosol physicochemical properties,
such as volatility, hygroscopicity, light scattering and toxicity. This study
presents a synthesis analysis for eight data sets, of non-refractory aerosol
composition, measured at a boreal forest site. The measurements, performed
with an aerosol mass spectrometer, cover in total around 9 months over the
course of 3 years. In our statistical analysis, we use the complete organic
and inorganic unit-resolution mass spectra, as opposed to the more common
approach of only including the organic fraction. The analysis is based on
iterative, combined use of (1) data reduction, (2) classification and
(3) scaling tools, producing a data-driven chemical mass balance type of
model capable of describing site-specific aerosol composition. The receptor
model we constructed was able to explain 83±8 % of variation in
data, which increased to 96±3 % when signals from low
signal-to-noise variables were not considered. The resulting interpretation
of an extensive set of aerosol mass spectrometric data infers seven distinct
aerosol chemical components for a rural boreal forest site: ammonium sulfate
(35±7 % of mass), low and semi-volatile oxidised organic aerosols
(27±8 % and 12±7 %), biomass burning organic aerosol (11±7 %), a nitrate-containing organic aerosol type (7±2 %),
ammonium nitrate (5±2 %), and hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (3±1 %). Some of the additionally observed, rare outlier aerosol types
likely emerge due to surface ionisation effects and likely represent amine
compounds from an unknown source and alkaline metals from emissions of a
nearby district heating plant. Compared to traditional, ion-balance-based
inorganics apportionment schemes for aerosol mass spectrometer data, our
statistics-based method provides an improved, more robust approach, yielding
readily useful information for the modelling of submicron atmospheric
aerosols physical and chemical properties. The results also shed light on the
division between organic and inorganic aerosol types and dynamics of salt
formation in aerosol. Equally importantly, the combined methodology
exemplifies an iterative analysis, using consequent analysis steps by a
combination of statistical methods. Such an approach offers new ways to home
in on physicochemically sensible solutions with minimal need for a priori
information or analyst interference. We therefore suggest that similar
statistics-based approaches offer significant potential for un- or semi-supervised machine-learning applications in future analyses of aerosol
mass spectrometric data.
Characteristics and sources of aerosol aminiums over the eastern
coast of China: Insights from the integrated observations in a coastal
city, adjacent island and the marginal seas
Authors: Zhou Shengqian , Li Haowen , Yang Tianjiao , Chen Ying , Deng Congrui , Gao Yahui , Chen Changping , Xu Jian
Published: March 2019

Abstract. An integrated observation on aerosol aminiums was conducted in a coastal city (Shanghai) of eastern China, a nearby island (Huaniao Island) and over the Yellow Sea and East China Sea (YECS). Triethylaminium (TEAH+) was the most abundant aminium observed in Shanghai but not detected over the island and the open seas, suggesting its predominantly terrestrial origin. By contrast, relatively high concentrations of dimethylaminium (DMAH+) and trimethylaminium+diethylaminium (TMDEAH+) were measured over the ocean sites. Environmental factors, including boundary layer height (BLH), temperature, atmospheric oxidizing capacity and relative humidity, were found to be related to aminium concentrations. All the detected aminiums demonstrated the highest levels in winter in Shanghai, consistent with the lowest BLH, temperature and oxidizing capacity in this season. Aminiums mainly existed in fine particles and showed a bimodal distribution with two peaks at 0.18–0.32 μm and 0.56–1.0 μm, indicating that condensation and cloud processing were primary formation pathways for aminiums. Nonetheless, a unimodal distribution for aerosol aminiums was usually measured over the YECS or influenced mainly by the marine air-mass over the Huaniao Island, which was probably related to sea-spray aerosols that either contained primary aminiums or provided surface for heterogeneous reactions to form secondary aminiums. Terrestrial anthropogenic sources and marine biogenic sources were both important contributors for DMAH+ and TMDEAH+, and the latter exhibited a significantly higher TMDEAH+ to DMAH+ ratio. By using the mass ratio of methanesulfonate (MSA) to non-sea-salt SO42− as an indicator of marine biogenic source, we estimated that marine biogenic source contributed to 57–83 % and 29–38 % of aerosol aminiums over Huaniao Island in the summer of 2017 and autumn of 2016, respectively.
Better turbulence spectra from velocity–azimuth display scanning wind lidar
Authors: Kelberlau Felix , Mann Jakob
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Turbulent velocity spectra derived from velocity–azimuth display (VAD)
scanning wind lidars deviate from spectra derived from one-point measurements
due to averaging effects and cross-contamination among the velocity
components. This work presents two novel methods for minimizing these effects
through advanced raw data processing. The squeezing method is based on the
assumption of frozen turbulence and introduces a time delay into the raw data
processing in order to reduce cross-contamination. The two-beam method uses
only certain laser beams in the reconstruction of wind vector components to
overcome averaging along the measurement circle. Models are developed for
conventional VAD scanning and for both new data processing methods to predict
the spectra and identify systematic differences between the methods.
Numerical modeling and comparison with measurement data were both used to
assess the performance of the methods. We found that the squeezing method
reduces cross-contamination by eliminating the resonance effect caused by the
longitudinal separation of measurement points and also considerably reduces
the averaging along the measurement circle. The two-beam method eliminates this
averaging effect completely. The combined use of the squeezing and two-beam
methods substantially improves the ability of VAD scanning wind lidars to
measure in-wind (u) and vertical (w) fluctuations.
On the role of soil water retention characteristic on aerobic microbial respiration
Authors: Ghezzehei Teamrat A. , Sulman Benjamin , Arnold Chelsea L. , Bogie Nathaniel A. , Berhe Asmeret Asefaw
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Soil water status is one of the
most important environmental factors that control microbial activity and rate of soil
organic matter (SOM) decomposition. Its effect can be partitioned into effect of water
energy status (water potential) on cellular activity, effect of water volume on cellular
motility, and aqueous diffusion of substrate and nutrients, as well as the effect of air
content and gas-diffusion pathways on concentration of dissolved oxygen. However,
moisture functions widely used in SOM decomposition models are often based on empirical
functions rather than robust physical foundations that account for these disparate
impacts of soil water. The contributions of soil water content and water potential vary
from soil to soil according to the soil water characteristic (SWC), which in turn is
strongly dependent on soil texture and structure. The overall goal of this study is to
introduce a physically based modeling framework of aerobic microbial respiration that
incorporates the role of SWC under arbitrary soil moisture status. The model was tested
by comparing it with published datasets of SOM decomposition under laboratory conditions.
The influence of decadal oscillations on the oxygen and nutrient
trends in the Pacific Ocean
Authors: Stramma Lothar , Schmidtko Sunke , Bograd Steven J. , Ono Tsuneo , Ross Tetjana , Sasano Daisuke , Whitney Frank A.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. A strong oxygen deficient layer is located in the upper layer of the tropical Pacific Ocean and at deeper depths in the North Pacific. Processes related to climate change (upper ocean warming, reduced ventilation) are expected to change ocean oxygen and nutrient inventories. In most ocean basins, a decrease in oxygen (‘deoxygenation’) and an increase of nutrients has been observed in subsurface layers. Deoxygenation trends are not linear and there could be other influences on oxygen and nutrient trends and variability. Here oxygen and nutrient time series since 1950 in the Pacific Ocean were investigated at 50 to 300 m depth, as this layer provides critical pelagic habitat for biological communities. In addition to trends related to ocean warming the oxygen and nutrient trends show a strong influence of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in the tropical and the eastern Pacific, and the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) especially in the North Pacific. In the Oyashio Region the PDO, the NPGO, the North Pacific Index (NPI) and a 18.6 year nodal tidal cycle overlay the long-term trend. In most regions oxygen increases and nutrients decrease in the 50 to 300 m layer during the negative PDO phase, with opposite trends during the positive PDO phase. The PDO index encapsulates the major mode of surface temperature variability in the Pacific and oxygen and nutrients trends throughout the basin can be described in the context of the PDO phases. An influence of the subtropical-tropical cell in the tropical Pacific cannot be proven with the available data. El Niño and La Niña years often influence the oxygen and nutrient distribution during the event in the eastern tropical Pacific, but do not have a multi-year influence on the trends.
Historical and recent aufeis in the Indigirka River basin (Russia)
Authors: Makarieva Olga , Shikhov Andrey , Nesterova Nataliia , Ostashov Andrey
Published: March 2019

Abstract. A detailed spatial geodatabase of aufeis (or naled in Russian)
within the Indigirka River watershed (305 000 km2), Russia, was compiled
from historical Russian publications (year 1958), topographic maps (years
1970–1980s) and Landsat images (year 2013–2017). Identification of aufeis
by late spring Landsat images was performed with a semi-automated approach
according to Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) and additional data.
After this, a cross-reference index was set for each aufeis field to link and
compare historical and satellite-based aufeis datasets. The aufeis coverage varies from 0.26 % to 1.15 % in different sub-basins
within the Indigirka River watershed. The digitized historical archive
(Cadastre, 1958) contains the coordinates and characteristics of 896 aufeis
fields with a total area of 2064 km2. The Landsat-based dataset included 1213
aufeis fields with a total area of 1287 km2. Accordingly, the
satellite-derived total aufeis area is 1.6 times less than the Cadastre (1958)
dataset. However, more than 600 aufeis fields identified from Landsat images
are missing in the Cadastre (1958) archive. It is therefore possible that
the conditions for aufeis formation may have changed from the mid-20th
century to the present. Most present and historical aufeis fields are located in the elevation band
of 1000–1200 m. About 60 % of the total aufeis area is represented by
just 10 % of the largest aufeis fields. Interannual variability of aufeis area for the period of
2001–2016 was assessed for the Bolshaya Momskaya aufeis and for a group of
large aufeis fields (11 aufeis fields with areas from 5 to 70 km2) in
the basin of the Syuryuktyakh River. The results of this analysis indicate a
tendency towards an area decrease in the Bolshaya Momskaya aufeis in recent
years, while no reduction in Syuryuktyakh River aufeis area was observed. The combined digital database of the aufeis is available at
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.891036.
First forcing estimates from the future CMIP6 scenarios of anthropogenic aerosol optical properties and an associated Twomey effect
Authors: Fiedler Stephanie , Stevens Bjorn , Gidden Matthew , Smith Steven J. , Riahi Keywan , van Vuuren Detlef
Published: March 2019

Abstract. We present the first forcing interpretation of the future
anthropogenic aerosol scenarios of CMIP6 with the simple plumes
parameterisation MACv2-SP. The nine scenarios for 2015 to 2100 are based on
anthropogenic aerosol emissions for use in CMIP6
(Riahi et al., 2017; Gidden et al., 2018). We use the emissions to scale the
observationally informed anthropogenic aerosol optical properties and the
associated effect on the cloud albedo of present-day
(Fiedler et al., 2017; Stevens et al., 2017) into the future. The resulting scenarios in
MACv2-SP are then ranked according to their strength in forcing magnitude and
spatial asymmetries for anthropogenic aerosol. All scenarios, except SSP3-70
and SSP4-60, show a decrease in anthropogenic aerosol by 2100 with a range
from 108 % to 36 % of the anthropogenic aerosol optical depth in 2015. We estimate
the radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosol from high- and low-end
scenarios in the mid-2090s by performing ensembles of simulations with the
atmosphere-only configuration of MPI-ESM1.2. MACv2-SP translates the
CMIP6 emission scenarios for inducing anthropogenic aerosol forcing. With the
implementation in our model, we obtain forcing estimates for both the
shortwave instantaneous radiative forcing (RF) and the effective radiative forcing (ERF) of
anthropogenic aerosol relative to 1850. Here, ERF accounts for rapid
atmospheric adjustments and natural variability internal to the model. The
ERF of anthropogenic aerosol for the mid-2090s ranges from −0.15 W m−2
for SSP1-19 to −0.54 W m−2 for SSP3-70, i.e. the mid-2090s ERF is
30 %–108 % of the value in the mid-2000s due to differences in the emission
pathway alone. Assuming a stronger Twomey effect changes these ERFs to
−0.39 and −0.92 W m−2, respectively, which are similar to
estimates obtained from models with complex aerosol parameterisations. The
year-to-year standard deviations around 0.3 W m−2 associated with
natural variability highlight the necessity to average over sufficiently
long time periods for estimating ERF; this is in contrast to RF that is typically
well constrained after simulating just 1 year. The scenario interpretation
of MACv2-SP will be used within the framework of CMIP6 and other cutting-edge
scientific endeavours.
Data assimilation of in-situ and satellite remote sensing data to 3D hydrodynamic lake models
Authors: Baracchini Theo , Chu Philip Yifei , Šukys Jonas , Lieberherr Gian , Wunderle Stefan , Wüest Alfred , Bouffard Damien
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The understanding of lakes physical dynamics is crucial to provide scientifically credible information for ecosystem management. We show how the combination of in-situ data, remote sensing observations and three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical simulations is capable of delivering various spatio-temporal scales involved in lakes dynamics. This combination is achieved through data assimilation (DA) and uncertainty quantification. In this study, we present a flexible framework for DA into lakes three-dimensional hydrodynamic models. Using an Ensemble Kalman Filter, our approach accounts for model and observational uncertainties. We demonstrate the framework by assimilating in-situ and satellite remote sensing temperature data into a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of Lake Geneva. Results show that DA effectively improves model performance over a broad range of spatio-temporal scales and physical processes. Overall, temperature errors have been reduced by 54 %. With a localization scheme, an ensemble size of 20 members is found to be sufficient to derive covariance matrices leading to satisfactory results. The entire framework has been developed for the constraints of operational systems and near real-time operations (e.g. integration into http://meteolakes.ch).
Brief communication: Preliminary hydro-meteorological analysis of the flash flood of 20 August 2018 on Raganello Gorge, Southern Italy
Authors: Avolio Elenio , Cavalcanti Ottavio , Furnari Luca , Senatore Alfonso , Mendicino Giuseppe
Published: March 2019

Abstract. On 20 August 2018 a flash flood affected the Raganello Creek (Southern Italy) causing 10 casualties. The rainfall event was so highly localized that the spatial coverage of rain gauges resulted inadequate to measure it, while radar products showed a storm cell with rain peaks of about 70–100 mm/h. This scientific report provides a preliminary hydro-meteorological analysis of the event and evaluates the forecasting skills of a system based on the WRF/WRF-Hydro models, using both one-way and fully-coupled approaches. First results show a satisfactory simulation of the event in terms of both rainfall and hydrological impact.
Uncertainty in fault seal parameters: implications for CO2 column
height retention and storage capacity in geological CO2 storage
projects
Authors: Miocic Johannes M. , Johnson Gareth , Bond Clare E.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Faults can act as barriers to fluid flow in sedimentary basins, hindering the migration of buoyant fluids in the subsurface, trapping them in reservoirs and facilitating the build-up of vertical fluid columns. The maximum height of these columns is reliant on the retention potential of the sealing fault with regards to the trapped fluid. Several different approaches for the calculation of maximum supported column height exist for hydrocarbon systems. Here, we translate these approaches to the trapping of carbon dioxide by faults and asses the impact of uncertainties in i) the wettability properties of the fault rock, ii) fault rock composition, and iii) reservoir depth, on retention potential. In similarity to hydrocarbon systems, uncertainties associated with the wettability of a CO2-brine-fault rock system for a given reservoir have less of an impact on column heights than uncertainties of fault rock composition. However, the wettability of the carbon dioxide system is highly sensitive to depth, with a large variation in possible column height predicted at 1000m and 2000m depth, the likely depth range for carbon storage sites. In contrast to hydrocarbon systems higher phyllosilicate entrainment into the fault rock may reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that can be securely retained. Our results show that if approaches developed for fault seal in hydrocarbon systems are translated, without modification, to carbon dioxide systems the capacity of carbon storage sites will be inaccurate, and the predicted security of storage sites erroneous.
Motion of dust particles in dry snow under temperature gradient metamorphism
Authors: Hagenmuller Pascal , Flin Frederic , Dumont Marie , Tuzet François , Peinke Isabel , Lapalus Philippe , Dufour Anne , Roulle Jacques , Pézard Laurent , Voisin Didier , Ando Edward , Rolland du Roscoat Sabine , Charrier Pascal
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The deposition of light-absorbing particles (LAPs) such as mineral dust and black carbon on snow is responsible for a highly effective climate forcing, through darkening of the snow surface and associated feedbacks. The interplay between post-depositional snow transformation (metamorphism) and the dynamics of LAPs in snow remains largely unknown. We obtained time series of X-ray tomography images of dust-contaminated snow exposed to various metamorphic conditions. They provide the first observational evidence that temperature gradient metamorphism induces dust particle motion in snow, while no movement is observed under isothermal conditions. Under temperature gradient metamorphism, dust particles can enter the ice matrix due to sublimation-condensation processes and spread down mainly by falling into the pore space. Overall, such motions might reduce the radiative impact of dust in snow, in particular in the Arctic where temperature gradient metamorphism prevails.
Impact of floe size distribution on seasonal fragmentation and melt of Arctic sea ice
Authors: Bateson Adam W. , Feltham Daniel L. , Schröder David , Hosekova Lucia , Ridley Jeff K. , Aksenov Yevgeny
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Recent years have seen a rapid reduction in the summer Arctic sea ice extent. To both understand this trend and project the future evolution of the summer Arctic sea ice, a better understanding of the physical processes that drive the seasonal loss of sea ice is required. The marginal ice zone, here defined as regions with between 15 and 80 % sea ice cover, is the region separating pack ice from open ocean. Accurate modelling of this region is important to understand the dominant mechanisms involved in seasonal sea ice loss. Evolution of the marginal ice zone is determined by complex interactions between the atmosphere, sea ice, ocean, and ocean surface waves. Therefore, this region presents a significant modelling challenge. Sea ice floes span a range of sizes but climate sea ice models assume they adopt a constant size. Floe size influences the lateral melt rate of sea ice and momentum transfer between atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean, all important processes within the marginal ice zone. In this study, the floe size distribution is represented as a truncated power law defined by three key parameters: minimum floe size, maximum floe size, and power law exponent. This distribution is implemented within a sea ice model coupled to a prognostic ocean mixed layer model. We present results to show that the use of a power law derived floe size distribution has a spatially and temporally dependent impact on the sea ice, in particular increasing the role of the marginal ice zone in seasonal sea ice loss. This feature is important in correcting existing biases within sea ice models. In addition, we show a much stronger model sensitivity to floe size distribution parameters than other parameters used to calculate lateral melt, justifying the focus on floe size distribution in model development. It is finally concluded that the model approach presented here is a flexible tool for assessing the importance of a floe size distribution in the evolution of sea ice and is suitable for applications where a simple but realistic floe size distribution model is required.
Teleostei, Scophthalmidae: four-spot megrim spotted in Norwegian waters
Authors: Wienerroither Rupert , Bjelland Otte , Jensen Gjertrud , Sveistrup Anne Kari
Published: March 2019

The flatfish four-spot megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii) was registered in Norwegian waters, both in trawl catches and video observations. The records represent a considerable northward extension of the species. Specimens of up to 49 cm were measured, representing also a new maximum size for this species. The number of registrations has increased within the last years, indicating that the species got more common in this area.
Gradability, scale structure, and the division of labor between nouns and adjectives: The case of Japanese
Authors: Oshima David Y. , Akita Kimi , Sano Shin–ichiro
Published: March 2019

Japanese has three major “adjective-like” word classes, which roughly correspond to “adjectives”, “adjectival nouns”, and “precopular nouns” in Martin’s (1975) A Reference Grammar of Japanese. This work explores how the three classes contrast semantically, paying special attention to the notion of gradability. Their scale-structural characteristics, in comparison with the English adjective class, will be examined, aiming to contribute to a better understanding of how languages may contrast in terms of (i) how different kinds of stative predicates divide the labor in encoding different kinds of state concepts, and (ii) how the niche of their noun class (as a major part-of-speech) is delimited. The major findings include (i) that “adjectives” and “adjectival nouns” have a strong tendency to encode relative gradable concepts, (ii) that “precopular nouns” tend to be nongradable, and (iii) none of the three Japanese classes is closely tied to the feature of absolute gradability.
COMPOSIÇÃO CENTESIMAL E NUTRICIONAL DA MACADÂMIA (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betch) E ANÁLISE DO SEU PERFIL LIPÍDICO RELACIONADO À TERAPÊUTICA
Authors: FEDALTO M. B. , STOFELLA N. C. F. , GOMES D. L. , MAAS N. C. , MUNOZ M. M. , SILVA M. S. , FLORENTINO I. , BALBI M. E.
Published: March 2019

A macadâmia (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betch) é uma noz considerada nobre pelo seu custo relativamente alto e suas possíveis propriedades funcionais relacionadas à redução dos riscos de doenças cardiovasculares. Além disso, este grão apresenta importância na indústria farmacêutica, pois, o óleo extraído da noz, é de grande valia no desenvolvimento de cremes hidratantes e shampoos, já que tem afinidade com as proteínas da pele e dos cabelos. Com o objetivo de se conhecer e comparar com dados da literatura foram realizadas análises baseadas em métodos de referência. Os resultados foram obtidos com base em uma porção de 15g, que equivale à medida caseira de uma colher de sopa. A investigação da umidade teve como resultado 1,10g, valor não condizente com a literatura. Já os resultados de proteínas (1,40g), lipídeos (10,56g), carboidratos (1,10g), fibras (0,68g), minerais (0,16g) e em kcal (105,01) em um total de 15g de amostra foram muito próximos aos valores encontrados na literatura.
PRESCRIÇÃO E USO DE METRONIDAZOL PARA CONTROLE DO ODOR EM FERIDAS NEOPLÁSICAS
Authors: Souza Nauã Rodrigues de , Lima Maria Theresa Camilo de , Batista Rayanne Paullyne da Silva , Santos Aline Milany da Silva , Bushatsky Magaly , Santos Isabel Cristina Ramos Vieira
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: verificar os aspectos relacionados à prescrição, preparo e administração do metronidazol para controle do odor em feridas neoplásicas.Metodologia: estudo transversal, com 80 profissionais de saúde de cinco hospitais referência em oncologia em Recife-PE, entre agosto e outubro de 2017. Foram analisadas as variáveis: caracterização profissional, critérios para prescrição, apresentação, diluição, aplicação, frequência e cuidados na aplicação. Calculou-se média e desvio padrão para as variáveis racionais discretas, e para categóricas dicotômicas, teste qui-quadrado com correção de Yates.Resultados: os enfermeiros caracterizaram-se pelo pouco tempo de experiência (1-3 anos), menor frequência de especialização comparados aos médicos, porém maior frequência de atualização em cuidados paliativos. Quanto à prescrição e utilização do produto, observou-se prescrições alternativas e empíricas, com maceração de comprimidos 14 (53,8%) ou solução injetável em cinco (19,3%).Conclusão: resultados evidenciam a escassa literatura sobre a temática e levantam a necessidade de construção de protocolos fundamentados em evidências científicas.
DIMENSÕES QUE INTERFEREM NA ADESÃO À MEDICAÇÃO NOS TRANSTORNOS RELACIONADOS ÀS SUBSTÂNCIAS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Capistrano Fernanda Carolina , Maftum Mariluci Alves , De Alcântara Camila Bonfim , Ferreira Aline Cristina Zerwes , Maftum Gustavo Jorge
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica acerca das dimensões que interferem na adesão à terapêutica medicamentosa de pessoas com transtornos mentais relacionados ao uso de substância, no período de 2006 a abril de 2017.Método: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura a partir de três bancos de dados, LILACS, CINAHL e PUBMED, realizada em abril de 2017.Resultados: Foram analisados 43 estudos que atendiam aos critérios de elegibilidade. A análise dos estudos possibilitou identificar fatores que impactam positiva ou negativamente a adesão à terapêutica medicamentosa, agrupados de acordo com as cinco dimensões determinantes para a adesão proposta pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, sendo elas: socioeconômica, equipe/sistema de saúde, doença, tratamento, e indivíduo/paciente.Conclusão: Embora a terapêutica medicamentosa seja imprescindível no gerenciamento da pessoa com transtorno relacionado a substâncias, muitas vezes representa um desafio devido às diferentes dimensões interativas que influenciam diretamente no processo de adesão.
Determining Academic Success in Students with Disabilities in Higher Education
Authors: Santos Stephanie Bain De Los , Kupczynski Lori , Mundy Marie-Anne
Published: March 2019

Students with disabilities have not been fully welcomed in higher education in spite of litigation, court cases, and positive shifts in public perceptions. The transition from high school to college is challenging for students without disabilities. Students with disabilities often get overlooked by their institution and overwhelmed during this transition, contributing to an achievement gap for these students. Student success is measured by retention, academic achievement, and on-time graduation. This research study examined how student success was impacted by a student’s registration with the campus disability office, use of accommodations, and use of institutional and social support systems. This study explored a new frontier of research that dispels the myth that students with disabilities are a homogenous group. The results of this study can be used to increase knowledge regarding students with disabilities and their success in higher education. The results will assist college and university administrators as well as staff in disability services offices in tracking the success of accommodations for students with disabilities. This study can help university administration to better understand the benefits of institutional support services as well as encourage faculty involvement in implementing accommodations and helping students see the benefit of student registration with the campus office of disabilities.
Los Roques and Las Aves Archipelagos, Venezuela: A Marine Ecological and Conservation Reconnaissance of Two Little-Known Southeastern Caribbean Oceanic Archipelagos
Authors: Debrot Adolphe O. , Yranzo Anaurora , Arocha Dulce
Published: March 2019

The Los Roques and Las Aves oceanic coral reef archipelagos of Venezuela lie in a biogeographically unique and biologically diverse area of the Caribbean and possess extensive coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves and shallow macroalgae meadows. The geographic location of these archipelagos safeguards them from most Western Atlantic hurricane damage as well as the most severe Caribbean coral bleaching episodes. While the Aves islands remain uninhabited and are an area of low accessibility, Los Roques has been a managed national park since 1972. We here present an updated synthesis of recent research for these archipelagos as an aid to scientists and conservationists interested in these island groups for which no recent ecological reviews are available. Los Roques has been much better documented than Las Aves and is the largest coral reef marine protected area of Venezuela. It has about 1,500 inhabitants living principally from tourism and fisheries. Studies show that Los Roques possesses fish populations that suffer comparatively less fishing pressure and may serve as a rare benchmark for pristine fish communities elsewhere in the Caribbean. It has also successfully maintained its importance to seabird colonies for the last five decades, notwithstanding serious marine park funding and staffing shortages. A new baseline biological inventory for Las Aves is particulary critical considering the fragmentary information available for this archipelago. The relatively intact and resilient oceanic coral reef systems of Los Roques and Las Aves are of regionally significant conservation value and deserve much more conservation and biodiversity attention than so far accorded.
Arctic Oil and Public Finance: Norway’s Lofoten Region and Beyond
Authors: Mohn Klaus
Published: March 2019

This study explores potential implications of Arctic oil and gas exploration for public finance, with the Norwegian Lofoten region as a valuation case. A model is calibrated to turn oil and gas resource estimates into projections for investment, production, and net cash flows, which are discounted to assess the direct impact for the government budget. With the Norwegian oil fund mechanism and fiscal policy rule, Lofoten oil and gas revenues could add fiscal capacity in the range of 0.1-2.4 per cent of the current government budget, implying a permanent increase in annual government spending (or tax relief) of 24-220 USD per capita. Corresponding implications for other resource-rich countries in the Arctic depend on their resource potential and the relative role of oil and gas in their economy.
Fostering Worker Cooperatives with Blockchain Technology: Lessons from the Colony Project
Authors: Mannan Morshed
Published: March 2019

Fostering Worker Cooperatives with Blockchain Technology: Lessons from the Colony Project

In recent years, there has been growing policy support for expanding worker ownership of businesses in the European Union. Debates on stimulating worker ownership are a regular feature of discussions on the collaborative economy and the future of work, given anxieties regarding the reconfiguration of the nature of work and the decline of standardised employment contracts. Yet, worker ownership, in the form of labour-managed firms such as worker cooperatives, remains marginal. This article explains the appeal of worker cooperatives and examines the reasons why they continue to be relatively scarce. Taking its cue from Henry Hansmann’s hypothesis that organisational innovations can make worker ownership of firms viable in previously untenable circumstances, this article explores how organisational innovations, such as those embodied in the capital and governance structure of Decentralised (Autonomous) Organisations (D(A)Os), can potentially facilitate the growth of LMFs. It does so by undertaking a case study of a blockchain project, Colony, which seeks to create decentralised, self-organising companies where decision-making power derives from high-quality work. For worker cooperatives, seeking to connect globally dispersed workers through an online workplace, Colony’s proposed capital and governance structure, based on technological and game theoretic insight may offer useful lessons. Drawing from this pre-figurative structure, self-imposed institutional rules may be deployed by worker cooperatives in their by-laws to avoid some of the main pitfalls associated with labour management and thereby, potentially, vitalise the formation of the cooperative form.
The Kosmētai Portraits in Third Century Athens. Recutting, Style, Context and Patronage
Authors: Prusac Marina
Published: March 2019

Portraits of a group of thirty kosmētai, public philosophy teachers in Athens, were found among the fill in the Valerian Wall by the Roman Agora in Athens in 1861. From the Hellenistic period onwards, the kosmētai had taught the philosophy or Aristotle, though, with time, the teaching became more varied. In the first century AD, the number of students had a peak of three hundred a year. In the third century, when the portraits were buried in the Valerian Wall, the number of students had decreased, much as it had in other pedagogic institutions. The activity of the kosmētai ended about AD 280 when the Valerian Wall was built. The dating of the Valerian Wall is based on coins with the portrait of emperor Probus (AD 276-282), which have been found among the building debris. What we know about the kosmētai from the written sources leads to several questions, such as why the kosmētai portraits were used as building material at a time when the identity of the sitters could sill be remembered. Why were some of the portraits recut into those of other individuals shortly before they were put into the wall? Some of the kosmētai portraits were produced recut and discarded during the span of a few decades. This paper discusses the portraits of the kosmētai and their significance in Roman Athens and explores questions related to the disposal of them, as well as to context, style, workshop, and patronage.
The Art of Recycling Fresco-Icons. At the Roots of the Cult of Images.
Authors: Nordhagen Per Jonas
Published: March 2019

Of the observations made during the author’s research in S. Maria Antiqua (1957-1960), the most baffling were some which indicated that efforts had been made in the early eighth century A.D. to preserve and safeguard the older fresco-images in the church. The procedure discovered here, which had served to incorporate important earlier iconographical matter into the program designed for Pope John VII (A.D. 705-707), was a phenomenon then wholly unknown from church art of the period. However, that a systematic labor of image-reuse according to such principles had been carried out, could be established with certainty on the basis of some very precise archaeological facts. These facts had to do, above all, with the absence on many of the earlier fresco panels in the church of the hatchings or indentures thickly applied to frescoed walls wherever they were to receive new coats of mortar. As proved by meticulous study of the panels in S. Maria Antiqua on which no chisel marks are found, none had had newer strata of painting applied to them. Evidence of these picture-protecting exerts is abundant in the church and prompted conclusions like the following (1968): ”Now it becomes possible also to gauge the fervor with which the individual frescoes were worshipped. The reluctance to obliterate a picture, the efforts made to preserve it, and also the eventual repainting of it with strict adherence to the original subject, all reflect an attitude characteristic of the cult of the icon”. Nordhagen 1968, 90.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the VQ gene family in soybean (Glycine max)
Authors: Wang Yongbin , Jiang Zhenfeng , Li Zhenxiang , Zhao Yuanling , Tan Weiwei , Liu Zhaojun , Cui Shaobin , Yu Xiaoguang , Ma Jun , Wang Guangjin , Li Wenbin
Published: March 2019

Background. VQ proteins, the plant-specific transcription factors, are involved in the regulation of plant growth, development, and stress responses; however, few articles systematic reported VQ genes in the soybean. Methods. In total, we identified 75 GmVQ genes, which were classified into 7 groups (Ⅰ-Ⅶ). Conserved domain analysis indicated that VQ gene family members all contained the VQ domains. The VQ genes from the same evolutionary branches of soybean shared similar motifs and structures. Promoter analysis revealed cis-elements related to stress responses, phytohormone responses and controlling physical and reproductive growth. Based on the RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis, GmVQ genes were expressed in nine tissues suggested their putative function in many aspects of plant growth and development, and response to stresses in Glycine max. Results. The present study provided basic information for further analysis of the biological functions of GmVQ proteins in various development processes.
FAULT TREE ANALYSIS OF FLY-OUTS IN METAL LATHE MACHINE OPERATIONS
Authors: OLASUNKANMI ORIOLA AKINYEMI , SOLOMON OLANREWAJU GIWA , HEZEKIAH OLUWOLE ADEYEMI , ADESHINAAYOMI LAWAL AKINTAN , OLADAPO MEBUDE
Published: March 2019

The most probable accident in lathe machining has been identified to be fly-outs. This study aim at determining the causal factors leading to fly-out accidents during lathe machining operations and subsequently determine the probability of occurrence of fly-out accident. Fault tree analysis (FTA) was used to identify risk factors. Boolean algebra equations were used to analyse the probability of fault occurrence. Monte Carlo simulation was carried out using OpenFTA software and the output of 1000 iterations was compared with the output of Boolean algebra. Safety intervention alternatives were evaluated by comparative analysis of before and after implementation of safety measures. Twenty four (24) minimum cut sets comprising of 21 basic events and 3 undeveloped events were identified. The top event has probability of 0.748 signifying high likelihood for fly-out. Monte Carlo simulation gave lower and upper bounds probabilities of 0.725 and 0.773, respectively. The event of the chuck key not pulled out of the chuck before machining begins was however noted to have the highest contribution to the occurrence of fly-out accident. The result of safety intervention alternatives revealed that the probability of fly-out becomes 0.192 with a safety benefit of N27, 800 after the first tier implementation. Other tiers of safety interventions will see the probability of fly-out go further down. By this, safety engineer has a scale for effectiveness of respective safety intervention programmes.
Key words: fly-out, accident, safety, intervention, lathe, machine, operation
COMPARATIVE CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS OF DUST PRODUCED BY WOOD PROCESSING MACHINES
Authors: Bozilov Aca , Zivkovic Nenad , Pesic Dusica , Misic Nikola , Bijelic Bojan
Published: March 2019

Industrial activities have to comply with protective measures. For this reason, it is essential to know the maximum allowable concentration of chemical hazards (gas, steam and dust) which can occur in the workplace. In wood industry, a large amount of wood dust is produced during the mechanical wood processing. Unless adequate measures for its removal are undertaken, there may be potential hazards for the workers’ health. The research has been carried out for purpose of determining the level of dust emission in different machines in wood processing workshops with no de-dusting system included, by measuring concentrations of wood dust produced during the processing of wooden material.
Key words: wood processing, wood dust, concentration measuring
On Effect of Planar Scaling on Microstrip Patch Antenna Performance
Authors: Esmaeilkhah A. , Ghobadi C. , Nourinia J. , Majidzadeh M.
Published: March 2019

This paper aims at investigating the effect of planar scaling on Microstrip patch antenna performance. To this end, nine antennas with different sizes are fabricated on the same FR4 substrate with thickness of 1mm with different scale factors. Results indicate some deviations between the obtained expected, simulated and measured resonant  frequency which could be mainly due to the truncation error effect, and the SMA connector effect in the scaling process. All the influential factors are studied in detail through the paper. Detailed discussion on the scaling process and its effect on the antenna performance would be presented.
Design and Characterization of a Compact Single Layer Modified S-Shaped Tag Antenna for UHF-RFID Applications
Authors: Ennasar M. A. , Aznabet I. , EL Mrabet O. , Essaaidi M.
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we report the design of a new compact single layer modified S-shaped tag antenna for UHF-RFID applications. To achieve a compact size of 51×34 mm2 for this tag antenna, the technique of using S shaped strip is applied, and by further adding a pair of equilateral triangular stubs into this structure, good impedance matching can be obtained at 915 MHz, which is the center frequency of the North-American UHF-RFID band (902 to 928 MHz). Besides exhibiting acceptable 5m read range in free space at 915 MHz, the proposed design shows a read range of about 4.5 when mounted on a metallic object (200 ×30 cm2) separated by spacer foam of thickness 1 cm. Furthermore, the proposed design shows a reasonable read ranges when it is mounted on different dielectrics with low permittivity. The proposed design has a simple configuration, low cost, acceptable read range, and can work on various background materials.
Artificial Chiral Media Using Conical-Coil Wire Inclusions
Authors: DeMartinis G. B. , Kalluri D.
Published: March 2019

The electromagnetic response of the electrically small conical wire coil as a chiral inclusion is described. An existing model of the helical coil wire inclusion is extended to model the conical coil wire inclusion, using the Method of Moments (MoM) to determine the dominant resonant circuit impedance of the inclusion. Material parameters are determined using mixing relations with polarizability coefficients expressed for the conical coil inclusion geometry. The polarization conversion of a dielectric slab loaded with conical coil inclusions is predicted and compared to simulated results using a forward scattering technique.
MODEL PENGARUH SAFETY MANAGEMENT DAN SAFETY LEADERSHIP TERHADAP SAFETY PERFORMANCE PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI SURABAYA
Authors: Romuty Yovita Vanesa
Published: March 2019

Safety performance dapat menjadi tolak ukur keberhasilan suatu proyek konstruksi dalam menciptakan keselamatan kerja. Untuk meningkatkan safety performance pada sebuah proyek konstruksi maka perusahaan harus memperhatikan safety management dan safety leadership. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh safety management dan safety leadership terhadap safety performance proyek konstruksi. Model penelitian diadopsi dari penelitian Khdair et al dan dimodifikasi dengan penambahan indikator tiap variabel. Data penelitian dari penyebaran kuesioner sebanyak 147 responden kepada pihak kontraktor antara lain site manager, site engineer, project manager¸ safety officer dan lain-lain. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode SEM dengan bantuan program AMOS 16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif antara safety management dan safety performance dengan direct effect 0,564 serta terdapat pengaruh positif antara safety leadership dan safety performance dengan direct effect  0,417. Indikator safety management dengan loading factor terbesar adalah perencanaan pencegahan. Indikator safety leadership dengan loading factor adalah pemimpin menunjukkan jiwa kepemimpinan dalam kegiatan keselamatan kerja. Indikator safety performance dengan loading factor terbesar adalah observasi perilaku pekerja di lapangan.