bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kerjasama ekonomi ASEAN: Peralihan & perubahan
Authors: ASEAN Secretariat
Published: July 2021

Perubahan yang ketara telah berlaku dalam bidang kerjasama ekonomi ASEAN.Dalam perdagangan, AFTA menggantikan PTA, di dalam industri, AICO menggantikan AIC dan AIJV, manakala di dalam pertanian, Skim Simpanan Keselamatan Makanan telah digunakan. Pada masa yang sama, bidang baru kerjasama ekonomi telah diberi mandat terutamanya di dalam bidang perkhidamatan dan harta intelektual. Buku ini akan membolehkan pembaca mengetahui perkembangan ASEAN dengan lebih berwawasan dan pemahaman yang lebih jelas.Ia juga akan membolehkan pembuat polisi melihat perspektif yang lebih jelas isu-isu berkaitan dengan kerjasama ekonomi serantau dan membantu bagi menggariskan haluan masa depan.
Hisbah: Sistem Pengawasan dan Etika Pengurusan Islam
Authors: Makhsin Mardzelah
Published: July 2021

Keistimewaan Hisbah dilihat sebagai kesempurnaan Islam kerana Hisbah mendidik umat Islam sentiasa patuh perintah Allah SWT dengan berhati-hati, berwaspada, mempertikaikan setiap amalan yang dilakukan agar umat Islam tidak tergelincir daripada melakukan kemungkaran.

Buku ini menjelaskan tentang sistem Hisbah yang bertindak sebagai pengawasan luaran yang berasaskan kepada pengawasan dalaman yang dikenali sebagai muhasabat al-nafs. Melalui buku ini juga, didokumentasikan sejarah dan perbandingan dalam amalan semasa terutamanya dengan institusi pengawasan lain seperti
al- Qada, Wilayat Mazalimdan
Niyabat al-Ammah.

Semoga buku ini dapat memberi sumbangan dalam keilmuan Islam dan mempertingkatkan pengetahuan kita tentang Hisbah yang berperanan dalam mengawasi tingkah laku manusia dalam melakukan al-amr bi al-maruf wa al-nahy an al-munkar.
Pengurusan Pemasaran Strategik: Pendekatan Cara Matlamat
Authors: Perry. Mark E. , Wei Hin Cheng , Hj. Ahmad Arshad Darwina , Malek Marlin Marissa , Ahmad Norzieiriani
Published: July 2021

Pengurusan pemasaran strategik menggariskan program pemasaran berasaskan pelanggan untuk membantu anda mengenal pasti pelanggan sasaran anda dan meletakkan produk atau perkhidmatan anda pada kedudukan yang sesuai mengikut keperluan pelanggan. Buku ini menjelaskan dengan mudah cara menggunakan kaedah yang disyorkan dan mengapa ia boleh digunakan dengan jayanya selain mengemukakan teknik yang digunakan oleh syarikat lain yang berjaya.

Melalui buku ini anda dapat menentukan: Apakah yang menjadikan syarikat, produk atau perkhidmatan anda istimewa dan baik untuk pelanggan atau bakal pelanggan anda. Apakah kedudukan yang perlu dimantapkan untuk mewujudkan persaingan. Apakah strategi untuk mengukuh dan mempertahankan kedudukan itu.
Pengurusan Islam konsep dan amalannya di Malaysia
Authors: Wan Abdullah Wan Abd Rahman Khudzri , Abu Bakar Mahyuddin , Wan Mahmud Wan Mahazir
Published: July 2021

Buku ini merupakan koleksi kertas kerja yang dibentangkan dalam Konvensyen Pengurusan Islam 2000, diadakan pada 18-19 November 2000, anjuran Sekolah Pembangunan Sosial, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM).Hasrat universiti adalah menyediakan seluas-luasnya peluang pendidikan dan penyelidikan kepada masyarakat Islam untuk mendalami bidang pengurusan Islam. Kertas kerja yang dibentangkan adalah meliputi Hala Tuju Pengurusan Islam di Malaysia, Tasawwur Pengurusan Islam, Penilaian Semula Perlaksanaan dan Pencapaian Islamisasi Ilmu di Malaysia, Program Tarbiyyah kepada Pensyarah Pengurusan Islam, Ruang Lingkup Penyelidikan Islam, Amalan Pengurusan Islam di Malaysia, dan Prospek Kerjaya Graduan Pengurusan Islam. Rumusan bengkel dicatatkan dalam sesi pleno, sebagaimana dilampirkan pada bahagian terakhir buku ini.
Teknologi buku elektronik (e-buku)
Authors: Shiratuddin Norshuhada , Hassan Shahizan
Published: July 2021

Buku ini penting sebagai sumber maklumat. Bentuk dan kaedah penggunaannya diketahui umum walaupun pengguna tersebut terlalu muda dan masih belum boleh mengeja. Monograf ini dihasilkan untuk memberi pengenalan kepada teknologi yang berkaitan dengan e-Buku. Antara kandungannya ialah definisi,medium penyebaran, alat pembaca, pembaca berasaskan perisian, kebaikan dan kekurangan, format piawai, proses penerbitan, perisian yang digunakan untuk penerbitan, perkembangan e-buku di Malaysia, isu kebergunaan, garis panduan penulisan dan isu keselamatan.
Small and medium-sized enterprises in Malaysia role and issues
Authors: Hashim Mohd Khairuddin
Published: July 2021

Collectively, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) form an important part of most economies.However, in Malaysia, despite their significant role in the development process of the national economy, studies involving SMEs appear to be limited as well as neglected.The 13 articles represented in this book were previously published in journals and presented at various conferences.These articles address various important issues concerning SMEs such as their definitions, development, role, strategic factors, weaknesses, skills and knowledge requirements, assistance programmes, firm characteristics, business strategies, export activities and distinctive capabilities. It is believed that this book is useful both as the basic introduction to the subject for those studying small business management and entrepreneurship, and as a reference work for owners and managers of SMEs.
Matematik untuk pengurusan, ekonomi & sains sosial
Authors: Kamran Sa'ayan , Ku-Mahamud Ku Ruhana
Published: July 2021

Buku ini ini sesuai dijadikan rujukan pelajar dalam bidang pengurusan, ekonomi dan sains sosial untuk memahami kursus matematik dengan mudah. Selain itu, ia cuba menerangkan konsep matematik secara am, di samping memberikan pendedahanberkenaan penggunaan matematik dalam ketiga-tiga bidang ini.Terdapat sepuluh tajuk yang dimuatkan dalam buku ini, iaitu Matriks, Fungsi,Fungsi Linear, Fungsi Kuadratik, Fungsi Eksponen dan Fungsi Logaritma, Matematik Kewangan, Had kepada Fungsi, Pembezaan, Pembezaan Separa, dan Pengamiran.Latihan yang disediakan dalam buku ini diharap dapat membantu pelajar memahami matematik dengan lebih mudah.
Rumah kos rendah masalah penyelesaian
Authors: Jamaluddin Zakiyah , Sy. Ibrahim Sh. Sofiah Atiqah , Abu Yazid Afifah
Published: July 2021

Buku Rumah Kos Rendah: Masalah dan Penyelesaian ini menghuraikan tentang tingkat kepuasan penghuni di perumahan kos rendah swasta Taman Bersatu, Jitra oleh Cayman Development Sdn. Bhd. Selain itu, turut dibincangkan adalah ciri-ciri fizikal dan keadaan persekitaran perumahan di samping memberi cadangan tambahan tentang model perumahan sebenar menurut perspektif Islam. Aspek lain yang dihuraikanmerangkumi tajuk berikut:Pembangunan Perumahan Malaysia,Perumahan Kos Rendah di Malaysia,Isu dan Masalah,Kesimpulan.
Prognosis pembangunan & transformasi struktur
Authors: Golam Hassan Asan Ali
Published: July 2021

Pembangunan dilihat sebagai satu proses transformasi untuk mencapai tahap kehidupan yang lebih baik.Walau bagaimanapun ketidakseimbangan pengagihan aktiviti ekonomi dan penumpuan populasi akan menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan dalam proses pembangunan. Pertumbuhan dan perubahan struktur berkait rapat antara satu sama lain dan industrialisasi merupakan matlamat utama dalam proses perubahan struktur.Malaysia telah melalui proses perubahan struktur demo-sosio-ekonomi ketara terutamanya sejak pertengahan tahun 1980-an apabila sektor perindustrian telah mula menjadi nadi ekonomi negara. Buku ini mengandungi tujuh tajuk utama bagi proses perubahan struktur di Malaysia iaitu konsep dan teori, fasa awal perubahan struktur, pembangunan dan agihan, perindustrian dan perubahan struktur ekonomi, pasaran buruh dan perubahan struktur penduduk, k-Ekonomi dan globalisasi dan isu-isu dalam perubahan struktur.Penerbitan buku ini amat berfaedah kepada pelajar Institut Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA) dan Institut Pengajian Tinggi Swasta (IPTS), tenaga akademik dan pegawai-pegawai kerajaan yang bertindak sebagai perancang dasar-dasar negara.
Urbanisasi perancangan dan kawalan
Authors: Salleh Dani
Published: July 2021

Sistem perancangan bandar digubal dengan matlamat untuk mengadakan pembangunan yang melibatkan kepentingan awam. Kebanyakan bandar berfungsi sebagai pusat pengagihan keperluan ekonomi dan sebagai pusat tarikan (migrasi)penduduk yang berterusan. Justeru, pendekatan perancangan perlulah mengambil kira keperluan seperti kemudahan kediaman, peluang pekerjaan, infrastruktur, rekreasi disamping berupaya mengekalkan keadaan alam sekitar. Untuk mempertingkatkan tahap perancangan dan aspek pengurusan bandar adalah penting untuk mengetahui fungsi perancangan dan pengurusan bandar ditakrifkan dengan berkesan dan terperinci dalam suatu sistem bagi memastikan amalan perancangan, penggubalan dasar dan pengurusan bandar menjadi lebih efektif dan berupaya merangsang pertumbuhanekonomi komuniti setempat. Pertambahan pesat penduduk bandar berupaya memberi tekanan kepada pihak berkuasa tempatan dalam penyediaan input perbandaran di kawasan-kawasan di bawah bidang kuasanya. Aktiviti perbandaran yang dirancang, diuruskan dan dikawal dengan cekap dan efektif, menyediakan suatu keadaan proses perbandaran yang seragam dan sistematik dalam kerangka keupayaan ekonomi. Senario memerlukan pemakaian suatu pendekatan perancangan fizikal yang terancang dan sistematik. Di negara ini pendekatan ini dilakukan melalui penyediaan rancangan pembangunan seperti mana yang diperuntukkan oleh Akta 172, Akta Perancangan Bandar dan Desa, 1976. Oleh itu, Rancangan Tempatan (RT) memainkan peranan yang penting di dalam menterjemahkan segala garis panduan yang terkandung dalam DPN dengan memberikan dimensi reruang di peringkat pelaksanaan. Sehubungan dengan ini, perbincangan buku ini telah dirangka agar pembaca dapat memahami sistem perancangan dan kawalan dalam pendekatan yang mudah. Penggunaan contoh pengurusan pembangunan di peringkat perancangan dan kawalan pembangunan dijelaskan dengan menggunakan contoh kajian kes amalan pihak berkuasa tempatan tertentu.
Persoalan asas ISO 14000
Authors: Ismail Hamidi , Syed Hussain Tuan Pah Rokiah
Published: July 2021

This book explains the implementation, importance and role of the ISO 14000 Standard. It also discusses on how the legislation process of the ISO document is formed. This book is suitable to university students as well as general leaders who yearn to obtain a deep comprehension on the standard of nature management.
Tax systems taxpayer compliance and specific tax issues
Authors: Mohd Hanefah Mustafa
Published: July 2021

This book has eight chapters. Each chapter discusses one topic related to taxation. The topics covered in this book are tax systems, taxpayer compliance, compliance costs, transfer pricing, accounting malpractices and tax issues, taxation of ecommerce, and electronic tax administration. These topics are relevant to the advanced taxation course in the under-graduate and post-graduate programs (Masters and PhD). Each topic is discussed with relevant literature. The first three chapters touch on issues and problems related to the new tax administrative system i.e the self-assessment system, which is being implemented in developed countries including Malaysia, and is now being adopted for implementation in many developing countries worldwide. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 give an insight to issues related to tax systems, taxpayer compliance and compliance costs. The other four chapters 5, 6, 7 and 8 discuss topics that are categorised as selected tax issues. The selected tax issues include transfer pricing, accounting malpractices and tax issues, taxation of ecommerce and electronic tax administration. These issues have not been deliberated before, and it is timely that a book of this nature is published for tax authorities, researchers, students, lecturers, authorities and practitioners. Past literature and research findings are quoted to support the discussions in each chapter. The authors own research findings in certain topics found in this book are used to support the arguments and discussions.
Perakaunan pengurusan
Authors: Abdullah Shamsul Nahar
Published: July 2021

Perakaunan pengurusan amat penting dan besar sumbangannya dalam membantu kejayaan sesebuah organisasi. Pihak pengurusan dapat mengambil keputusan yang bermaklumat (informed) dan betul melalui perakaunan pengurusan.Buku ini memuatkan topik yang menekankan aspek-aspek perancangan dan kawalan operasi dari sudut perakaunan. Setiap bab disertakan soalan-soalan latihan yang diolah untuk menguji dan seterusnya memantapkan pemahaman pembaca dalam sesuatu topik yang telah diperbincangkan. Buku ini adalah sesuai untuk pelajar-pelajar sama ada peringkat STPM, Politeknik, Kolej, Institut dan juga universiti.
Perubahan dan kepimpinan
Authors: Yusof Ab. Aziz
Published: July 2021

Kemajuan organisasi dipengaruhi oleh empat elemen utama, iaitu manusia, struktur, teknologi, dan persekitaran. Keempat-empat elemen ini akan mengalami perubahan, sama ada terus berkembang atau menghadapi pengecutan.Persediaan perlu dibuat kerana perubahan terhadap elemen-elemen tersebut akan mempengaruhi perjalanan keseluruhan jentera organisasi.Kepekaan organisasi terhadap perubahan akan membolehkannya sentiasa bersedia untuk menghadapi persaingan, memenuhi perubahan cita rasa dan tuntutan pelanggan, perubahan polisi perniagaan, dan perubahan persekitaran.Kepekaan untuk berubah akan menjamin kelangsungan organisasi tersebut.Oleh itu, pemimpin yang berjaya ialah pemimpin yang sentiasa peka terhadap perubahan, sama ada perubahan dalaman yang di dalam kawalannya, atau perubahan luaran yang berada di luar kawalan.Keupayaan pemimpin merencana perubahan merupakan satu aset dan secara tidak langsung, ia merupakan manifestasi keterampilan pemimpin dalam mengurus perjalanan sesebuah organisasi.Pemimpin perlu membuat perancangan yang rapi dalam melaksanakan perubahan, memaksimumkan penggunaan sumber organisasi, dan memastikan pendekatan yang paling berkesan dalam melakukan perubahan.
Terminologi lengkap perkakasan komputer
Authors: Jamaludin Zulikha , Shaari Muhammad Shakirin
Published: July 2021

Buku ini mengandungi penerangan yang jelas mengenai operasi komputer pada peringkat awal. Liputan yang menyeluruh dan terperinci terhadap komponen sebuah sistem komputer meliputi perkakasan dan perisian disamping hasil gabungan grafik serta foto yang jelas, berwarna-warni dan mudah difahami menjadikan buku ini amat sesuai untuk dijadikan rujukan pembaca. Dengan sifatnya sebagai buku panduan asas, buku ini amat sesuai digunakan sebagai teks rujukan asas untuk pembaca di peringkat sekolah menengah.

Bagi pembaca daripada kalangan pengurusan atasan dan pegawai-pegawai yang sibuk dan tidak sempat untuk mengenali sistem komputer secara lebih dekat pula, buku ini akan menjadi tutor awal yang amat berkesan untuk pendedahan yang diperlukan. Foto-foto asli yang disertakan dalam buku ini pula memberi gambaran yang jelas tentang komponen sistem komputer yang sesetengahnya amat sukar ditemui apatah lagi untuk dimiliki.

Kandungan buku ini disusun dengan sistematik dengan setiap tajuk mempunyai bahagian definisi, penerangan, foto dan grafik yang menerangkan bagaimana suatu komponen komputer itu berfungsi. Justeru itu pembaca-pembaca akan mendapati buku ini amat mudah untuk difahami.
Issues in international affairs
Authors: Abdul Rahim Radziah
Published: July 2021

The book is a spin-off from an academic seminar held by the School of Social Development, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) from September 17-19, 1998. It is concerted effort, in particular, by those who are involved in teaching of the International Affairs Management (IAM) programme to enrich reading materials on global affairs. Key features of the book are as follows: Can there be a Science of International Relations?, International Negotiation: The Skills and Qualities Required of a Diplomat, Isu Populasi dan Kesannya Terhadap Persekitaran, Relocation of Hazardous Industries in Developing Countries: A General Scenario, Security in the NewWorld Order: Changes in Southeast Asias Security Pattern, Pengecualian Asia Tenggara: Latar belakang Sejarah, and ASEAN Economic Cooperation: The Political Reality of an Economic Integration
Precisamos falar sobre ensino de gramática? Percepções e perspectivas da abordagem gramatical no Seridó-RN
Authors: Gomes Jakeline Simões , Lucena Nedja
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho discute aspectos relacionados ao ensino e aprendizagem de gramática no âmbito da Educação Básica na região do Seridó, no estado do Rio Grande de Norte (RN). Para isso, objetivou mapear as discussões e percepções acerca do ensino de gramática oriundas de dissertações produzidas no âmbito do Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Letras. Teoricamente, o estudo baseia-se nas discussões de Travaglia (2002), Antunes (2003), Faraco (2006), Neves (2010), Bispo e Silva (2011), Vieira e Brandão (2019), dentre outros. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que, apesar dos avanços quanto à abordagem do fenômeno gramatical nas aulas de língua portuguesa, percebe-se, ainda, uma dificuldade de atrelar a reflexão gramatical às práticas de leitura e produção de textos.
Model Penguatan Modal Sosial Pembangunan Budaya dan Kearifan Lokal Suku Sakai kabupaten Bengkalis
Authors:   Universitas Lancang Kuning, Saputra Trio , Aguswan Aguswan ,   Universitas Lancang Kuning, Syofian Syofian ,   Universitas Riau, F.S Harapan Tua
Published: July 2021

The objectives of this research are: (1) Identification of groups of Sakai residents who want to obtain (2) The role of local government in cultural development and local wisdom, (3) The appropriate model for strengthening social capital for the Sakai tribe. This study uses a qualitative approach by expressing phenomenology, exploring and describing the current condition of the Sakai people. The research informants were the Head of the Bengkalis Regency Tourism and Culture Office, Tualang Mandau Sub-District Head, Mandau Sub-District Head, Village Head Bathin Salopan District and the Head of Bathin (tribal chief) in three Sakai areas, namely the Industrial Plantation Forest area, the Rokan Muandau River Area, and the Batin Salopan Traditional Area. This research was conducted in July 2018 to April 2019. The results of this study are (1) identification of finding groups of Sakai residents divided into four groups who are in different areas. (2) The role of the government is considered to have not been maximal in the development and empowerment of the Sakai people in the Bengkalis district (3) The social capital strengthening model in the Government, the private sector and the community must mutually strengthen and support the development and empowerment of the Sakai tribe
Jogo Tonggo : Solidaritas Masyarakat di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors:   Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesejahteraan Sosial  Yogyakarta Indonesia, Probosiwi Ratih , Putri Afrinia Lisditya ,   Department of Geography AMIKOM Yogyakarta
Published: July 2021

This paper examined the Jogo Tonggo policy issued by the Central Java Provincial Government in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: This research is a qualitative descriptive, data were collected by in-depth interviews with respondents who were selected by snowball sampling. The research was conducted in Purworejo Regency. Result: The Covid-19 pandemic changed the pattern of relations between communities through the local (village) self-contained quarantine that was enforced in villages. Several village-level social activities were canceled to avoid crowds. Jogo tonggo begins with the provision of PPE and disinfectant equipment. Community solidarity with neighbors is established as usual, even better, for example helping neighbors who must self-quarantine. The form of solidarity that is carried out is by taking turns providing foodstuffs for 14 days of quarantine with a varied menu managed by the PKK or Dasawisma group. The community also routinely works together in spraying disinfectants, guarding the entrance portal which is managed in rotation. Recommendation: This movement needs to be continuously advocated so that people who are getting fed up with pandemic conditions remain vigilant and do not ignore health protocols. It is also necessary to think about a stimulus for villages to assist with foodstuffs, medical devices and internet quota packages for school children.
What determines Enset (Ensete ventricosum) production and its contribution to household income? Empirical evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Mulatu Ejigu
Published: July 2021

Enset production in Ethiopia is seemingly limited to only consumption-based production and most of producers supplied small amounts of products to the market. This study was conducted with main objective of assessing factors affecting market participation of enset producers in Chena district in southwestern Ethiopia. Two-stage sampling technique was employed to select 101 representative enset producer households. Both primary and secondary data sources were used to gather necessary data for attaining specific objectives of the study. Both descriptive statistics and econometric model were used to analyze the collected data. A Heckman two stage model was employed to analyze the factors affecting households’ decision in market participation in sale of enset products and the amount of gross income earned. Econometric model analysis result showed that; sex of household head, education level, livestock owned, a distance from nearest market center, enset plantation size, and transport access were found to be significant in affecting the probability of market participation decision. In addition, education level, family size, distance from market center, enset plantation, and transport access affected the amount of gross income earned from sale of different enset products. The result suggests the need for stakeholders’ involvement to enable market-oriented production of crop to encourage farmers for better crop production and market supply to have increased amount of income and proper utilization of the crop.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 17-25, June 2021
Climate resilience technology for year round vegetable production in northeastern Bangladesh
Authors: Kuddus MA , Alam MJ , Datta GC , Miah MA , Sarker AK , Sunny MAR
Published: July 2021

A study was carried out to investigate climate resilience vegetable production prospect using tower gardening technology during the period of July’2017 to December’2018 in low-lying areas of northeastern Bangladesh (Sylhet and Moulvibazar). Total 24 participants of DFID and EU funded Suchana program (January-December’2017) were involved in the study. Two sizes of tower (a) medium size (4.5 feet diameter and 5.0 feet height) (b) small size (3.0 feet diameter and 4.0 feet height) and two types growing media protecting material (i.e. plastic bag & bamboo mat) were used separately to perform the study. To prepare the growing media (50%) soil, (40%) cow dung/compost and (10%) decomposed water hyacinth were used. Mainly two types of vegetables, climbers (i.e. bottle gourd and bitter gourd) and herbaceous (i.e. kangkong, Indian spinach, red amaranth and okra) were planted to conduct the study. The vegetable production was significantly influenced by tower size & growing media protecting materials and the highest vegetable production (84.35 kg tower-1 and 42.17 t ha-1) was recorded in medium size tower with plastic bag whose sold value was BDT 1968.50 tower-1 and BDT 98.43 Lac ha-1, respectively. In addition, the lowest vegetables production (42.08 kg tower-1 and 21.04 t ha-1) was recorded in small tower with bamboo mat that’s sold value was BDT 955.92 tower-1 and BDT 45.99 Lac ha-1, respectively. Cost-benefit ratio (2.85) was recorded in medium tower and 1.73 in small tower. In disposal pattern of vegetables major portion was used for family consumption (80% and 90%), distribution (15% and 10%) and sold (5% and 0%) in medium and small tower garden, respectively. From the result it may say that both size of tower garden were technically feasible to grow vegetable in inundated situation but medium size tower made of plastic bags performed better than bamboo mat due to less nutrient loss through leaching. The study found tower gardening on medium size tower with plastic bag could be a potential and effective option for year round vegetable production in climate vulnerable communities of Bangladesh.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 29-36, June 2021
Beyond the barriers of the use of continuous subcutaneous insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes: a new opportunity from catheter-less insulin pumps
Authors: Esposito Katherine , Bolla Andrea Mario , Costantino Francesco , Delvecchio Maurizio , Molinari Chiara , Negri Carlo , Petrizzo Michela , Bosi Emanuele
Published: July 2021

Although it represents a valid alternative for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) with insufficient glycemic control and/or with recurrent hypoglycemia, insulin pump therapy (Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion, CSII) in Italy is nowadays still relatively uncommon. The following review aims to investigate the barriers that limit the transition to CSII and the reasons behind the widespread cases of drop-out, particularly evident in younger patients. Among the interventions that could contribute to the solution of the problem, catheter-less insulin pumps (or patch-pumps) will be described: a tool potentially able to reduce, if not eliminate, some of the main obstacles encountered by patients. In particular, a new opportunity has become available today thanks to the evolution of the generation of catheter-less insulin pumps represented by Accu-Chek® Solo (Roche Diabetes Care GmbH), therefore three clinical cases of patients with T1DM undergoing therapy with the Accu-Chek® Solo insulin pump will be presented and discussed herein.
Coastal silicon cycling amplified by oyster aquaculture
Authors: Ray NE , Al-Haj AN , Maguire TJ , Henning MC , Fulweiler RW
Published: July 2021

Filter-feeders play an important role in regulating nutrient availability in coastal systems, with important implications for phytoplankton community composition, primary production, and food web structure. The role of filter-feeding bivalves in the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles is relatively well established, but their impact on coastal silicon (Si) cycling remains poorly understood. To help reduce this uncertainty, we quantified rates of Si recycling and the size of various Si pools at an oyster (Crassostrea virginica) farm. We found that oysters drive rapid recycling of dissolved Si (DSi) to the water column, primarily by altering rates of sediment Si flux. Sediments beneath oyster aquaculture recycled DSi to the water column at more than twice the rate (2476.06 µmol DSi m-2h-1) of nearby bare sediments (998.75 µmol DSi m-2h-1). Oysters consume DSi at a low rate (-0.06 µmol DSi ind.-1h-1), and, while we were unable to determine the fate of that Si, we hypothesize that at least some of it may be stored in the shell and tissue, which are both small Si pools (0.55 and 0.13% Si by mass respectively). Si held in oysters is removed from the system when oysters are harvested, but this removal is small compared to oyster-mediated enhancements in sediment Si recycling. In a broader context, coastal systems with larger oyster populations are likely to have a more rapid Si cycle, with more Si available to primary producers in the water column than those with no oysters.
Gender-Based Use of Concession: Insights from Turkish Spoken Discourse
Authors: AYDIN Derya , ERCAN Songül
Published: July 2021

Concessive relations have been defined in terms of concepts such as surprise, counter-expectation, incompatibility or conflict between clauses in literature. Concession can be marked explicitly by a range of linguistic resources or expressed implicitly and perceived by the hearer based on contextual cues. In previous studies, various functions of concession including expressing a contrast, preventing potential misunderstandings, correction/repair, alignment and topic management have been reported. Traditional view on gender and language allege that women tend to seek common ground, avoid disagreement and be polite. The current view, on the other hand, claim that discourse context is determinant on such tendencies. Considering the discursive functions of concession, it can thus be presumed that women opt for concession more frequently than man do. Therefore, the aim of this study is twofold: to determine (if any) gender-based differences (i) in the marking and use of concessive resources and (ii) in the functions of concession in Turkish spoken discourse within the framework of Interactional Linguistics. The database of the study consists of the transcriptions of six-hour daily Turkish conversations. Findings have revealed that concession is mostly marked explicitly (83.5%) with no significant difference between genders and the most commonly used concessive marker is ama (but) by both genders (33.7%). As for the functions, the concessions are mostly used to express a contrast (49.4%) with no significant difference between male and female speakers. These findings support the view that it is not the gender of the speakers but the discourse context that shapes the language use.
DAYA HAMBAT BERKUMUR EKSTRAK DAUN SALAM (SYZYGIUM POLYANTHUM) TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN PLAK PADA MAHASISWA JURUSAN KEPERAWATAN GIGI DI BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Rosmalia Dewi
Published: July 2021

Bay leaves (Syzgium Polyanthum) contain flavonoids, tannins and essential oils which act as  antibacterial. Plaque contains bacteria that stick closely to the surface of the teeth which can cause disease in the hard tissues of the teeth and the supporting tissues of the teeth. Plaque control is carried out mechanically and chemically, on of which is gargling bay leaf extract. Plaque measurement using the plaque index. The research objective was to determine the inhibition of gargling of bay leaf extract against plaque formation. This study used a quasi experimental method wth a post test control group design. The sampling technique was simple random sampling, the number of sample was determined Fredere’s formula, the sample devided into 3 groups, each group conssiting of 9 respondents.Group 1 rinsed with bay leaf extract, group 2 rinsed with antiseptic mouthwash and group 3 rinsed with aquadest. Data were tested by using Annova test. The result showed that the average plaque index after rinsing the bay leaf extract was 1.056, the average plaque indexgargling antiseptic mouthwash was 2.478, and the average plaque index after gargling with aquadest was 2167.The significance value is 0.178 and f count > f table (6.238> 3.403). The conclusion was garglingbay leaf extract wwas more effective in inhibiting plaque formation. It is recommended to use bay leaf extract as a mouthwash to maintain oral health.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBUATAN KOMPOS MENGGUNAKAN AMPAS TAHU DENGAN MEDIA TAKAKURA
Authors: Muliyadi Muliyadi
Published: July 2021

Ternate City is experiencing solid waste management problems, namely the problem of transporting waste, based on data from the environmental service in 2019, the availability of transportation infrastructure is only able to transport 100 tons of garbage per day. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of composting using tofu dregs with Takakura media. This research method is an experimental research type using a post-control design approach. The control variable was composting without Takakura media, while the treatment variable was composting with Takakura media. The aim is to compare the effectiveness of tofu dregs in composting. measurement results for 20 days for tofu dregs at a temperature of 32°C, a pH of 7.5 and a humidity of 60%. From the results of the study, it was found that the quality of the compost had met the standards based on SNI 2803:2010 and for the control, namely 31°C, pH 7.5 and humidity 60%. The conclusion is that the amount of compost produced for the two composts is different. Tofu pulp has a composting time of 20 days with the amount of compost as much as 5 0ns, meanwhile Control has a composting time of 20 days with the amount of compost as much as 2 ounces. It is recommended that further researchers use vegetables for composting using Takakura media because this material is very much found in households.
PERSEPSI BODY IMAGE DENGAN KEBIASAAN JAJAN MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SURABAYA (KAMPUS KETINTANG)
Authors: Nur Faizah Nila Anggita , Ruhana Amalia
Published: July 2021

Body image is the subjective imagination of a person regarding the judgments of other on his body. The ideal body image can encourage someone to do things such as physical changes and other changes, namely snack consumption patterns. This is often experienced by students. This study aims to determine the relationship between perceptions of body image and snacking habits in students. The research targets were Universitas Negeri Surabaya students who were on the Ketintang campus with a sample of 100 people who had met the inclusion criteria. This study used an observational analytical study design with a cross-sectional approach. The instruments used in this study are Body Shape Questionnaire and interviews using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. The result is 56% of respondents’ body image perceptions negative and 70% of respondents admit to snacking frequently. The resuts of the correlation test showed that there was no relationship between perception of body image and the respondent’s eating habits (p > 0,05). It can be concluded that most respondents are not satisfied with their body image, even though the majority of them often consume snacks every day. It is suggested that students need to get good nutrition education and learning related to body image perception in order to have a positive body image perception. Further research is needed to determine other factors that can affect the perception of body image in students.
PENGARUH ZIKIR TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PASIEN STROKE AKUT DI RSUP DR.M. DJAMIL PADANG
Authors: Budi Hendri , Herwati Herwati
Published: July 2021

70-94% of acute stroke patients have an increase in blood pressure. Relaxation can be done to treat hypertension. Relaxation in Islam uses zikr (remembering Allah SWT). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of zikr on reducing blood pressure in acute stroke patients. The research design was quasi-experimental, with two group pretest-posttest design with a control group. The experimental group was given the zikr therapy intervention. The sample of the study was acute stroke patients in the Nervous Room of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. There were 40 samples, 20 people in the experimental group and 20 people in the control group obtained by purposive sampling. Data collection is September to November 2020 by measuring the patient's blood pressure before and after the intervention. The data is processed manually. Analysis of data with non-parametric Mann Whitney test. The results showed that there was no difference between systolic blood pressure before treatment in the intervention group and the control group (p = 0.976), but there was a difference after treatment (p = 0.000). There was no difference between diastolic blood pressure before treatment in the intervention group and the control group, (p = 0.294), but there was a difference after treatment (p = 0.000). The study concludes that zikr therapy can reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in acute stroke patient. It is recommended to the head of the Nerve room to apply zikr therapy in acute stroke patients.
The Urban Revolution
Authors: Martin-Merino Mario
Published: July 2021

The emergence of the first urban centers was one of the most obvious consequences of a socioeconomic transformation whose first manifestations took place in the center and east of present-day Turkey and the western Iranian area at the end of the 5th millennium BC, later developing in the middle of the 4th millennium BC in Mesopotamia. Various theories have tried to explain the reasons and processes that caused some small Neolithic villages to become properly urban centers, as well as when they would have occurred. Other issues under study are the preconditions that must have existed to trigger these changes, why it originated in certain geographical areas and what is understood as an urban center. This article will present some of the most relevant hypotheses about the origin and development of the urban phenomenon, its relationship with the first state manifestations and its main consequences in the Mesopotamian area.
Review Review of National Economic Recovery Program in Indonesia
Authors: Kemenangan Angling Nugroho , Setiawan Lisno
Published: July 2021

The escalation of Covid-19 and the sharp economic slowdown and tremendous disruption in various aspects of life, especially health, social, economic and financial impacts must be mitigated on the public welfare through extraordinary policies. The Covid-19 response and economic recovery program is an extremely important program designed in an atmosphere of emergency / urgency. Speed ​​is very important, but on the other hand, accountability, transparency and good governance principles should not be ignored. In the midst of an emergency situation in handling Covid-19, especially the PEN program, many government programs in their implementation require very fast, urgent and massive handling, which of course must be followed by strengthening good governance, through the application of the principles of prudence, accountability and transparency. The results of the review show that in the implementation of the PEN program there are problems with regulations, budget, data, coordination and technical implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and information technology. These constraints are related to one another. Based on references to evaluations of governments, institutions, and best practices in countries that have successfully implemented the program, the authors present solutions related to these problems.
Consumers' Opinions and Expectations of an “Ideal Chicken Farm” and Their Willingness to Purchase a Whole Chicken From This Farm
Authors: Escobedo del Bosque Cynthia I. , Risius Antje , Spiller Achim , Busch Gesa
Published: July 2021

As poultry production and consumption have increased in the last decade, so have consumers' concerns about intensified production methods and the impacts they have on animal welfare. At the same time, poultry consumption has increased and enjoys great popularity. Also, a shift in consumers' consumption behavior can be observed as nowadays most consumers purchase chicken cuts, especially breast filets, rather than whole animals, mostly due to convenience and taste. Although consumer concerns have increased, market shares of alternative poultry products, i.e., those that are produced under higher standards compared to conventional products, remain comparably low. One of the main reasons are the large differences in prices. The higher prices for alternative chicken products such as organic result partly from increased production costs on farm level. Besides, consumer preferences for chicken cuts intensify cost differences. While alternative chicken breasts (e.g., organically produced) might be valued by some consumers, other cuts such as wings or thighs are not and are therefore sent into the conventional market. In these cases, the breasts need to remunerate all additional costs. Analyzing consumers' concerns about production methods and learning about consumers' obstacles to buy whole chickens might offer farmers greater possibilities to succeed in alternative markets. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to gain insights into consumers' chicken consumption behaviors, how consumers imagine an ideal chicken farm and whether they would be willing to purchase a whole chicken from this ideal farm. Three focus group discussions (total n = 30) with German consumers were held online in June 2020. The results show that participants associate the ideal chicken farm with four main characteristics: good husbandry system, positive economic impact for the farmer, high transparency, and proximate location of the farm in the same geographical region. However, willingness to purchase a whole chicken, even from the ideal farm, remains low due to mainly convenience reasons and daily routines.
Fatigue Induced by Repeated Changes of Direction in Élite Female Football (Soccer) Players: Impact on Lower Limb Biomechanics and Implications for ACL Injury Prevention
Authors: Zago Matteo , David Sina , Bertozzi Filippo , Brunetti Claudia , Gatti Alice , Salaorni Francesca , Tarabini Marco , Galvani Christel , Sforza Chiarella , Galli Manuela
Published: July 2021

Background

The etiology of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury in women football results from the interaction of several extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors. Extrinsic factors change dynamically, also due to fatigue. However, existing biomechanical findings concerning the impact of fatigue on the risk of ACL injuries remains inconsistent. We hypothesized that fatigue induced by acute workload in short and intense game periods, might in either of two ways: by pushing lower limbs mechanics toward a pattern close to injury mechanism, or alternatively by inducing opposed protective compensatory adjustments.

Aim

In this study, we aimed at assessing the extent to which fatigue impact on joints kinematics and kinetics while performing repeated changes of direction (CoDs) in the light of the ACL risk factors.

Methods

This was an observational, cross-sectional associative study. Twenty female players (age: 20–31 years, 1st–2nd Italian division) performed a continuous shuttle run test (5-m) involving repeated 180°-CoDs until exhaustion. During the whole test, 3D kinematics and ground reaction forces were used to compute lower limb joints angles and internal moments. Measures of exercise internal load were: peak post-exercise blood lactate concentration, heart rate (HR) and perceived exertion. Continuous linear correlations between kinematics/kinetics waveforms (during the ground contact phase of the pivoting limb) and the number of consecutive CoD were computed during the exercise using a Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) approach.

Results

The test lasted 153 ± 72 s, with a rate of 14 ± 2 CoDs/min. Participants reached 95% of maximum HR and a peak lactate concentration of 11.2 ± 2.8 mmol/L. Exercise duration was inversely related to lactate concentration (r = −0.517, p < 0.01), while neither%HRmax nor [La–]b nor RPE were correlated with test duration before exhaustion (p > 0.05). Alterations in lower limb kinematics were found in 100%, and in lower limb kinetics in 85% of the players. The most common kinematic pattern was a concurrent progressive reduction in hip and knee flexion angle at initial contact (10 players); 5 of them also showed a significantly more adducted hip. Knee extension moment decreased in 8, knee valgus moment increased in 5 players. A subset of participants showed a drift of pivoting limb kinematics that matches the known ACL injury mechanism; other players displayed less definite or even opposed behaviors.

Discussion

Players exhibited different strategies to cope with repeated CoDs, ranging from protective to potentially dangerous behaviors. While the latter was not a univocal effect, it reinforces the importance of individual biomechanical assessment when coping with fatigue.
Identifying and Characterizing Types of Balance Recovery Strategies Among Females and Males to Prevent Injuries in Free-Standing Public Transport Passengers
Authors: Xu Jia-Cheng , Silvano Ary P. , Keller Arne , Krašna Simon , Thomson Robert , Klug Corina , Linder Astrid
Published: July 2021

Free-standing passengers on public transport are subjected to perturbations during non-collision incidents caused by driver maneuvers, increasing the risk of injury. In the literature, the step strategy is described as a recovery strategy during severe perturbations. However, stepping strategies increase body displacement, ultimately subjecting passengers to higher risk of impacts and falls on public transport. This study investigates the influence of different recovery strategies on the outcome of balance recovery of free-standing public transport passengers, challenged in postural balance by the non-uniform vehicle dynamics. From high-speed video recordings, a qualitative investigation of the balance responses of volunteer participants in a laboratory experiment was provided. On a linearly moving platform, 24 healthy volunteers (11 females and 13 males) were subjected to perturbation profiles of different magnitude, shape and direction, mimicking the typical acceleration and deceleration behavior of a bus. A methodology categorizing the balancing reaction to an initial strategy and a recovery strategy, was used to qualitatively identify, characterize and, evaluate the different balance strategies. The effectiveness of different strategies was assessed with a grading criterion. Statistical analysis based on these ordinal data was provided. The results show that the current definition in the literature of the step strategy is too primitive to describe the different identified recovery strategies. In the volunteers with the most successful balancing outcome, a particularly effective balance recovery strategy not yet described in the literature was identified, labeled the fighting stance. High jerk perturbations seemed to induce faster and more successful balance recovery, mainly for those adopting the fighting stance, compared to the high acceleration and braking perturbation profiles. Compared to the pure step strategy, the characteristics of the fighting stance seem to increase the ability to withstand higher perturbations by increasing postural stability to limit body displacement.
Stem Cell Therapy in Dengue Virus-Infected BALB/C Mice Improves Hepatic Injury
Authors: Sakinah S. , Priya Sivan Padma , Mok Pooi Ling , Munisvaradass Rusheni , Teh Seoh Wei , Sun Zhong , Alzahrani Badr , Abu Bakar Faizal , Chee Hui-yee , Awang Hamat Rukman , He Guozhong , Xiong Chenglong , Joseph Narcisse , Tong Jia Bei , Wu Xiaoyun , Maniam Mahendran , Samrot Antony V. , Higuchi Akon , Kumar S. Suresh
Published: July 2021

Extensive clinical efforts have been made to control the severity of dengue diseases; however, the dengue morbidity and mortality have not declined. Dengue virus (DENV) can infect and cause systemic damage in many organs, resulting in organ failure. Here, we present a novel report showing a tailored stem-cell-based therapy that can aid in viral clearance and rescue liver cells from further damage during dengue infection. We administered a combination of hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells in a DENV-infected BALB/c mouse model and found that delivery of this cell cocktail had improved their liver functions, confirmed by hematology, histopathology, and next-generation sequencing. These stem and progenitor cells can differentiate into target cells and repair the damaged tissues. In addition, the regime can regulate endothelial proliferation and permeability, modulate inflammatory reactions, enhance extracellular matrix production and angiogenesis, and secrete an array of growth factors to create an enhanced milieu for cell reparation. No previous study has been published on the treatment of dengue infection using stem cells combination. In conclusion, dengue-induced liver damage was rescued by administration of stem cell therapy, with less apoptosis and improved repair and regeneration in the dengue mouse model.