bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of leadership and organizational culture on employee performance that is educated by motivation (study on the implementation empowerment programs in Jayapura city)
Authors: Lidya Lolowang Nansi , Afnan Troena Eka , Djazuli Atim , Aisjah Siti
Published: March 2019

Villages and sub-districts in Jayapura city are public organizations that provide service to the community. Villages and urban organizations require leadership, organizational culture and strong work motivation to support performance improvement. This research was conducted in 39 villages and sub-districts in the city of Jayapura. The population of this study was permanent employees in the villages and sub-districts in the city of Jayapura, which numbered 96 employees. All populations were chosen as research respondents, this research was census research. The analytical tool used in the research is Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the study show that, first, direct leadership has no significant effect on employee performance, second, organizational culture has a significant effect on employee performance, third, leadership has a significant effect on work motivation, fourth, organizational culture has a significant effect on work motivation, fifth, work motivation has a significant effect on employee performance, sixth, work motivation is a perfect mediator of the influence of leadership on employee performance, seventh, work motivation as a partial mediator of the influence of organizational culture on employee performance.
Enabling policy innovations promoting multiple ecosystem benefits: lessons learnt from case studies in the Baltic Sea Region
Authors: Zilans Andis , Schwarz Gerald , Veidemane Kristina , Osbeck Maria , Tonderski Andrzej , Olsson Olle
Published: March 2019

This paper analyses how specific institutional barriers and drivers affect the success of agri-environmental governance and policy innovations in four case study catchments in Germany, Latvia, Poland and Sweden. Possible adaptations of institutional settings are explored, aiming at increased effectiveness of policies and governance in delivering multiple ecosystem benefits along with reduced nutrient emissions and flood management. Factors of success synthesized from existing examples of innovative policy instruments in the EU and further afield are used to identify barriers and opportunities for the implementation of policy innovations in different institutional settings across the Baltic Sea Region (BSR). Key factors of success include close and trusting cooperation in scheme development, utilization of intermediaries in trust building, an active role of civil society and private sector, spatial targeting and coordination of measures, and result-based and long-term approaches. It is concluded that the effectiveness of measures can be increased by (i) adopting a less prescriptive approach to implementation, (ii) strengthening bottom-up participatory stakeholder learning processes, (iii) fostering cross-sectoral planning and funding initiatives, (iv) creating incentives for local collaborative actions, (v) developing cooperative nutrient management initiatives in the BSR and (vi) developing a systematic and coordinated approach to pilot-testing of new concepts and measures.
Assessment of the level of living of the population in Tambov region
Authors: Cheremisina Natalia V. , Veiss Elena V.
Published: March 2019

Purpose of the study.To assess the standard of living of the population of the Tambov region through statistical methods.

Materials and methods.The study used the methods of analysis of the composition and structure, the calculation of absolute and relative indicators of dynamics, average values, comparative analysis, graphical method of analysis, as well as the general theoretical method of analysis of Russian and foreign literary sources. The main information sources for the study were the data from the official website of the Federal State Statistics Service, its territorial office in the Tambov region, as well as the data from the Unified Interdepartmental Statistical Information System. In addition, the works of such authors as R. Zhukov, M. Malkina, N. Zotkina, S. Ignatova, E. Sadovaya, V. Sautkina and others were analyzed.

Results.The main results of the study include the following:

– Over 6 years (from 2012 to 2017) in the Tambov region, the largest share of the population, namely 23.0% in 2012 and 27.1% in 2017, had an average per capita cash income of 15 to 25 thousand rubles;

 – In 2012, the average per capita income of a resident of the studied region was most often met for 16,381.5 rubles (fashion value), and in 2017 – 18,561.0 rubles;

– In the Tambov region from 2012 to 2017, the average absolute deviation of the studied indicator from the average in Russia is 5434.1 rubles;

– The purchasing power of money incomes of the population has decreased for almost all food and non-food products; – The main sources of monetary incomes of the population of the Tambov region in 2017 are the wages of employees and receipts from social benefits (their share in the income structure is more than 20%);

– The structure of the budget expenditures of the population of the Tambov region in 2017 is as follows: the purchase of goods and payment for services amounted to 77.5; mandatory payments and fees - 7.7%; real estate purchase - 1.9%; growth of financial assets - 12.9%;

– The size of the average per capita monetary income of the population is inversely related to the unemployment rate of the region.

Conclusion.In general, summing up the study, we can draw the following conclusion. For a number of indicators characterizing the standard of living of the population of the Tambov region, there is a positive trend, for example, an increase in the average per capita cash income of the population. Another positive trend was found: an inverse relationship between the unemployment rate and average per capita income. However, despite this, in our region it is lower than the average in Russia. Half of the population has incomes less than 17,730 rubles, and the most common income is in the amount of 18,561 rubles, which is significantly lower than the average for the Tambov region.
Combination of Pattern Classifiers Based on Naive Bayes and Fuzzy Integral Method for Biological Signal Applications
Authors: Akbarzadeh Omid , Khosravi Mohammad R. , Shadloo-Jahromi Mehdi
Published: March 2019

Background:

Achieving the best possible classification accuracy is the main purpose of
each pattern recognition scheme. An interesting area of classifier design is to design for biomedical
signal and image processing.

Materials and Methods:

In the current work, in order to increase recognition accuracy, a theoretical
frame for combination of classifiers is developed. This method uses different pattern representations
to show that a wide range of existing algorithms could be incorporated as the particular
cases of compound classification where all the pattern representations are used jointly to make an
accurate decision.

Results:

The results show that the combination rules developed under the Naive Bayes and Fuzzy
integral method outperforms other classifier combination schemes.

Conclusion:

The performance of different combination schemes has been studied through an experimental
comparison of different classifier combination plans. The dataset used in the article has
been obtained from biological signals.
Oxidation of TaSi-Containing ZrB-SiC Ultra-High Temperature Materials
Authors: J. Opila Elizabeth , Smith Jim , R. Levine Stanley , Lorincz Jonathan , Reigel Marissa
Published: March 2019

Hot pressed coupons of composition ZrB -20 v% SiC -5 v% TaSi2 and ZrB2 -20 v% SiC -20 v% TaSi were
oxidized in stagnant air at temperatures of 1627 and 1927°C for one, five and ten 10-minute cycles. The oxidation
reactions were characterized by weight change kinetics, x-ray diffraction, and SEM/EDS. Detailed WDS/microprobe
quantitative analyses of the oxidation products were conducted for the ZrB -20 v% SiC -20 v% TaSi sample oxidized for
five 10-minute cycles at 1927°C. Oxidation kinetics and product formation were compared to ZrB2 -20 v% SiC with no
TaSi2 additions. It was found that the 20 v% TaSi2 composition exhibited improved oxidation resistance relative to the
material with no TaSi additions at 1627°C. However, for exposures at 1927°C less oxidation resistance and extensive
liquid phase formation were observed compared to the material with no TaSi2 additions. Attempts to limit the liquid phase
formation by reducing the TaSi2 content to 5 v% were unsuccessful. In addition, the enhanced oxidation resistance at
1627°C due to 20 v% TaSi2 additions was not achieved at the 5 v% addition level. The observed oxidation product
evolution is discussed in terms of thermodynamics and phase equilibria for the TaSi-containing ZrB2-SiC material
system. TaSi-additions to ZrB2-SiC at any level are not recommended for ultra-high temperature (>1900°C) applications
due to excessive liquid phase formation.
Robotic Path Planning Using Flower Pollination Algorithm
Authors: Mehta Ishita , Singh Geetika , Gigras Yogita , Dhull Anuradha , Rastogi Priyanka
Published: March 2019

Background:

Robotic path planning is an important facet of robotics. Its purpose is to
make robots move independently in their work environment from a source to a destination whilst
satisfying certain constraints. Constraint conditions are as follows: avoiding collision with obstacles,
staying as far as possible from the obstacles, traversing the shortest path, taking minimum time,
consuming minimum energy and so on. Hence, the robotic path planning problem is a conditional
constraint optimization problem.

Methods:

To overcome this problem, the Flower Pollination Algorithm, which is a metaheuristic
approach is employed. The effectiveness of Flower Pollination Algorithm is showcased by using
diverse maps. These maps are composed of several fixed obstacles in different positions, a source
and a target position. Initially, the pollinators carrying pollen (candidate solutions) are at the source
location. Subsequently, the pollinators must pave a way towards the target location while simultaneously
averting any obstacles that are encountered enroute. The pollinators should also do so with the
minimum cost possible in terms of distance. The performance of the algorithm in terms of CPU time
is evaluated. Flower Pollination Algorithm was also compared to the Particle Swarm Optimization
algorithm and Ant Colony Optimization algorithm.

Results:

It was observed that Flower Pollination Algorithm is faster than Particle Swarm Optimization
and Ant Colony Optimization in terms of CPU time for the same number of iterations to find an
optimized solution for robotic path planning.

Conclusion:

The Flower Pollination Algorithm can be effectively applied for solving robotic path
planning problem with static obstacles.
Analysis of High-Efficiency Transformerless Inverter for a Grid-Tied PV Power System with Reactive Power Control
Authors: Ramachandran Selvamathi , Vairavasundaram Indragandhi
Published: March 2019

Background:

In recent days grid-tied PV power systems play a vital role in the entire energy
system. In a grid –tied PV system Transformerless Inverter (TI) topologies are preferred for its
reduced price, improved efficiency, lightweight etc. Therefore many transformerless topologies have
been proposed and verified with real power injection only. Recently, almost every international
standard has imposed that a specified amount of reactive power should be handled by the grid-tied
PV inverter. According to the standard VDE-AR-N4105, grid-tied PV inverter of power rating below
3.68kVA, should attain Power Factor (PF) from 0.95 leading to 0.95 lagging.

Objective:

To address this issue of grid-tied PV system with reactive power control, in this paper
Fuzzy gain scheduling controller is proposed as a power controller for High Efficiency Transformeless
(HETL) inverter. The performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed and validated with the
comparison of a conventional PI controller based active and reactive power controllers.

Methods:

This paper is with the intention of improvement in the performance of the system, the
FGS controller is anticipated as active and reactive power controllers. In conventional PI controller
gains are constant for any value of the error, which makes error and delay in optimum value of voltage
(Vα and Vß). Hence in this analysis FGS controller tunes PI controller gain with respect to
change in active and reactive power error.

Results:

Comparative performance of PI and FGS based HETL inverter is presented in this paper. It
is noted that for any cases either Pref is constant or variable the FGS reduces ripple than PI based
HETL inverter system. Compare to constant reference power case variable reference case produces
more ripples in both systems.

Conclusion:

From the analysis FGS based HETL inverter in a grid-tied PV based power system
produces the best performance in all aspects such as voltage, active power and reactive power.
Withdrawn: Ag/PdTi3O7 Nano Catalyst Promoted for Developing Novel Indole- Naphthyridine Derivatives as Potent Anticancer Agents
Authors: Valluri Kishore Kumar , Viswanath I.V. Kasi , PVVS Nagaraju , Allaka Tejeswara Rao
Published: March 2019

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of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Preparation and Characterization of Sol-Gel Dip Coated Al: ZnO (AZO) Thin Film for Opto-electronic Application
Authors: Deva Arun Kumar K. , Valanarasu S. , Rex Rosario S.
Published: March 2019

AbstractAluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin film was prepared by sol–gel dip coating method from methanol and monoethanolamine respectively, used as solvent and stabilizer agent. From the XRD study, it was confirmed that the aluminum was incorporated into the ZnO lattice. The prepared film have polycrystalline in nature and the film exhibit hexagonal wurtzite structure with (002) direction. SEM and AFM studies showed well defined smooth and uniformed wrinkle shaped grains distributed regularly on to the entire glass substrate without any pinholes and cracks. From the optical study, the observed highest transmittance was about 82% in the visible range and the band gap is 3.15 eV. Room temperature PL spectra exhibited a strong UV emission peak located at 390 nm for the deposited film. The electrical properties of the AZO thin film was studied by Hall-Effect measurement and found that it has n-type conductivity with low resistivity (ρ) of about 9.06 × 10^–3 Ω cm.
Особенности температурной зависимости удельного контактного сопротивления диффузионных кремниевых структур Au-Ti-Pd-n-=SUP=-+-=/SUP=--n-Si
Authors: Беляев А.Е. , Болтовец Н.С. , Кладько В.П. , Сафрюк-Романенко Н.В. , Любченко A.И. , Шеремет В.М. , Шинкаренко В.В. , Слепова А.С. , Пилипенко В.А. , Петлицкая Т.В. , Пилипчук А.С. , Конакова Р.В. , Саченко А.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe temperature dependences of the specific contact resistance of silicon ρ_ c with a doping step are measured experimentally and described theoretically. The measurements are performed in the temperature range from 4.2 to 380 K. It is established that the contacts of the studied Au–Ti–Pd– n ^+– n -Si structures are ohmic. It is shown that minimal ρ_ c is implemented at T = 75 K. Its value rises both with a decrease in temperature (due to the freezing effect) and with an increase in temperature (due to the electron-enriched layer at the boundary with the bulk material). It is established that the bulk electron concentration strongly decreases in the near-contact region in a layer with a thickness on the order of one micron due to the compensation of silicon by deep acceptors appearing because of the formation of a rather high vacancy concentration during stress relaxation and the appearance of a high dislocation density, as well as due to their diffusion from the contact after heating to 450°C. The data on the occurrence of vacancy-type defects are confirmed by X-ray measurements. The dislocation density in the studied structures is also estimated from X-ray measurements.
Исследование распределения встроенных электрических полей в светодиодных гетероструктурах c множественными квантовыми ямами GaN/InGaN методом электроотражения
Authors: Асланян А.Э. , Авакянц Л.П. , Боков П.Ю. , Червяков А.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractElectric-field nonuniformity in the active region of a LED (light-emitting diode) heterostructure based on five identical GaN/InGaN quantum wells is investigated by the electroreflectance method. The energies of band-to-band transitions in the quantum wells and barriers are determined from the analysis of electroreflectance spectra using the Kramers–Kronig transforms. The procedure for estimating the electric-field strength in separate quantum wells of the active region by the position of spectral lines is proposed. It is found that the energies of the main transition in quantum wells of the active region with zero bias of the p – n junction differ by a magnitude on the order of 140 meV, which corresponds to a difference in the electric-field strengths of 0.78 MV/cm. It is shown that the nonuniformity of the electric field in the active region depends on the p – n junction bias.
Комбинационное рассеяние света в сферических нанокристаллах InSb, ионно-синтезированных в пленках оксида кремния
Authors: Тысченко И.Е. , Володин В.А. , Попов В.П.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe Raman spectra of SiO_2 films containing InSb spherical nanocrystals produced by ion-beam synthesis are studied. TO- and LO-like modes in the spectra of the InSb nanocrystals are detected at frequencies of 187 and 195 cm^–1, respectively. The shift of these modes to high frequencies with respect to the corresponding frequencies in InSb bulk crystals is analyzed from the viewpoint of the influence of the quantum-confinement effect, strains in nanocrystals, the surface phonon frequency, and scattering at the frequency corresponding to stretched anion–cation modes at the surface of polar spherical nanocrystals. The position of the 195-cm^–1 mode corresponds to LO phonons in InSb nanocrystals hydrostatically compressed in the SiO_2 matrix at pressures of about 10 kbar. The 187-cm^–1 mode corresponds to resonance at the Fröhlich frequency.
Эффективность преобразования перовскитных и сенсибилизированных красителем солнечных элементов при различных интенсивностях солнечного излучения
Authors: Никольская А.Б. , Козлов С.С. , Вильданова М.Ф. , Шевалеевский О.И.
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe present the results of a comparative study on behaviour of the photovoltaic parameters in perovskite (PSC), dye-sensitized (DSC) and crystalline silicon ( c -Si) solar cells under various intensities of solar radiation (10–1000 W/m^2). It was found that unlike c -Si, the power conversion efficiencies of PSC and DSC under low radiation intensities are comparable with the corresponding values observed under standard light intensity of 1000 W/m^2 (AM1.5G). We have shown that high performance of the PSC and DSC at low and diffuse lighting conditions can be explained by the properties of the nanostructured TiO_2-based photoelectrodes depending on the structure, morphology and the thickness of the TiO_2 layers.
Электрические и оптические характеристики пленок из наночастиц Si, нанесенных на подложки высоковольтным электронапылением из золей в этаноле
Authors: Кононов Н.Н. , Давыдова Д.В. , Бубенов С.С. , Дорофеев С.Г.
Published: March 2019

Abstract The paper describes the results of studying the optical
and electrical characteristics of films made of silicon nanoparticles
(nc-Si) deposited on substrates by high-voltage electrospray from
sols of nc-Si in ethanol. It was found that the interaction of ethanol
droplets carrying nc-Si with an electric field of corona discharge
leads to polymerization of ethanol and formation of a polymer
layer on the nanoparticle surface. The geometry and electric field
strength in the flow area of ethanol droplets could be changed
by means of the focusing electrode in the high-voltage device.
As a result we could make nc-Si films with different kind of
polymer layer on Si nanoparicle surface: nc-Si A and nc-Si B (the
films deposited without and with focusing electrode, respectively).
The optical band gap Eg of nc-Si A films increased from 1.9
to 2.2 eV after annealing at the temperatures from room one
to 400◦C in air atmosphere. The Eg of the nc-Si B films was
independent on annealing and was 1.85 eV. The constancy of Eg
in nc-Si B films is explained by the polymer properties on the Si
nanoparticles surface in these films and more effective blocking
the penetration of oxygen atoms from the surrounding atmosphere
during annealing to temperatures of 400◦C than in the case of the
polymer in nc-Si A films. The temperature dependences of the
conductivity (dark and photo) of nc-Si A films are approximated
with good accuracy by two exponential functions, the dark
activation energies of the films being approximately equal to 0.75
and 0.1 eV. The conductivity of nc-Si A films decreased noticeably
when illuminated with radiation in the range 460−470 nm The
temperature dependences of the conductivity of nc-Si B films with
good accuracy is approximated by one-exponential function of the
activation type with activation energies of 0.73 (dark) and 0.59 eV
(photo). In contrast to the nc-Si A films, the photoconductivity
of nc-Si B films increase by more than 4 times with respect to
the dark conductivity when the films were illuminated anologically.
The nc-Si B films are photoactive, since sandwich-like structures of
Al/nc-Si B/Al can generate emf. The dark and photo-conductivity
of nc-Si A films in the voltage range > 2V is determined by the
two-center Poole−Frenkel effect, the concentration of the centers
that determine the character of the Poole−Frenkel conductivity
was 3 · 1017 cm−3. In nc-Si B films in the voltage range 2−5V, the
electronic transport is determined by space-charge-limited currents
(SCLC) and at higher voltages by the two-center Pool−Frenkel
conduction. The concentration of traps contributing to SCLC in the
films is 4 · 1016 cm−3. The concentration of the Pool−Frenkel
centers, decreases from 3 · 1016 to 2 · 1014 cm−3 with decreasing
temperature in the range 120−400◦C according to the activation
law with an activation energy of 0.7 eV.
Оптические и структурные свойства наноструктур Ag и c-Si, формирующихся в процессе металл-стимулированного химического травления кремния
Authors: Жарова Ю.А. , Толмачев В.А. , Павлов С.И.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study consisting of two parts is concerned with the features of the three-stage process of the metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) of silicon. This process is used to fabricate silicon nanostructures. In the first part of this work, a layer of self-assembled Ag nanoparticles chemically deposited from a solution on the surface of single-crystal silicon (c-Si) (MACE stage 1) was studied, and the second part includes of investigation of Si nanostructures formed in stages 2 and 3. By means of spectroscopic ellipsometry (in the range of wavelengths λ = 250–900 nm), the pseudodielectric functions of the nanostructures were determined and compared for all the three stages of the MACE process. In addition, for the Si nanostructures, the parameters of layers (the thickness and void fraction) were calculated in the context of the multilayer optical model, with the use of Bruggeman’s effective-medium approximation and fitting procedures.
Effect of oxygen flow rate on structural, electrical and optical properties of zinc aluminum oxide thin films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering -=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-
Authors: Rajesh Kumar B. , Hymavathi B.
Published: March 2019

AbstractZinc Aluminum Oxide thin films were deposited on glass substrates by reactive DC magnetron sputtering method by varying oxygen flow rates from 1 to 4 sccm. Glancing angle X-ray diffraction patterns ofzinc aluminum oxide thin films exhibits (0 0 2) peak with c-plane preferentially oriented parallel to the substrate. The surface morphology and elemental analysis of the films was observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy attached with energy dispersive X-ray analysis spectroscopy. An average optical transmittance of 83–90% is obtained for the films deposited at various oxygen flow rates. The optical band gap of the films increases from 3.41 to 3.53 eV with the increase of oxygen flow rate due to Burstein–Moss effect. The optical dispersion parameters such as dispersion energy ( E _ d ), oscillator energy ( E _ o ) and static refractive index ( n _ o ) were determined using the Wemple-DiDomenico (W-D) single oscillator model. The nonlinear optical parameters such as optical susceptibility (χ^(1)), third order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ^(3)) and nonlinear refractive index ( n _2) were also determined.
Исследование квантовых флуктуаций в Fe-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Si с учетом LDA + U + SO-расчетов электронной структуры
Authors: Повзнер А.А. , Нуретдинов Т.М. , Волков А.Г.
Published: March 2019

AbstractQuantum spin fluctuations are studied in chiral helicoidal Fe_ x Mn_1 – _ x Si ferromagnets on the basis of the direct calculations of the electronic structure. The disappearance of the helicoidal long-range order is shown to be accompanied by the appearance of the crossover of the thermodynamic and quantum transitions with a sharp decrease in the local magnetization and the zero fluctuation amplitude. Suppression of the local magnetization by quantum spin fluctuations leads to the concentration–temperature magnetic transition with the disappearance of the helicoidal short-range order. The calculations of the magnetization of the Fe_ x Mn_1 – _ x Si compositions show that at 0.12 < x < 0.20 the magnetic state in the thermodynamic limit is characterized by the short-range (not long-range) helicoidal order.
Влияние влажности на электроперенос протонпроводящих перовскитов AZr-=SUB=-0.95-=/SUB=-Sc-=SUB=-0.05-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-alpha-=/SUB=- (A=Ca, Sr, Ba) в окислительной атмосфере
Authors: Балакирева В.Б. , Горелов В.П. , Дунюшкина Л.А. , Кузьмин А.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe total, bulk, and grain boundary conductivities of proton-conducting zirconates of general formula AZr_0.95Sc_0.05O_3 – α (AZS), where A = Ca, Sr, Ba, are measured in air with different humidity levels. The conductivity is measured using the four-probe dc method (600–900°C) and impedance spectroscopy (30–800°C). The impact of humid atmosphere on the total, bulk, and grain boundary conductivities of the AZS system is studied at different humidity levels: $${{p}_{{{{{\text{H}}}_{{\text{2}}}}{\text{O}}}}}$$ = 0.04, 0.61, and 2.5 kPa. Humidity is found to have a considerable effect on the conductivity of our CaZS and BaZS at lower temperatures, suggesting the likelihood of hydronium ion-mediated transport.
Влияние термообработки на дисперсию магнитной анизотропии нановключений MnSb, внедренных в тонкие пленки GaMnSb
Authors: Дмитриев А.И. , Кочура А.В. , Кузьменко А.П. , Паршина Л.С. , Новодворский О.А. , Храмова О.Д. , Кочура Е.П. , Васильев А.Л. , Аронзон Б.А.
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe observed a temperature-controlled increase in the magnetic anisotropy and its dispersion in thin GaMnSb films with MnSb nanoinclusions obtained by pulsed laser deposition. The data of transmission electron microscopy indicate that in the samples, a transition of the crystalline structure of magnetic MnSb nanoinclusions from hexagonal (spatial group (sp. gr.) P 6_3/ mmc ) to cubic (sp. gr. F -43 m ) takes place. Analysis of the temperature dependences of the magnetic moment m ( T ), measured using a SQUID magnetometer, obtained for both unannealed and annealed samples cooled in a zero magnetic field and a magnetic field of 10 kOe, indicates that this mechanism is not unique. In unannealed samples, the distribution of the magnetic anisotropy of MnSb nanoinclusions, determined from the dependences of m ( T ), is unimodal. In the annealed samples, the same dependence becomes multimodal. This means that several thermally activated processes occur in the samples during annealing, resulting in several “populations” of nanoinclusions present in the annealed thin films. The contribution to the increase in the magnetic anisotropy during annealing can result in the structural phase transition, the mismatch of the crystal lattices between MnSb and GaSb, an increase in the average volume of MnSb nanoinclusions, and a change in their stoichiometry.
An ab-initio Investigation: The physical properties of ScIr-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- Superconductor -=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-
Authors: Chowdhury Uttam Kumar , Saha Tapas Chandra
Published: March 2019

AbstractUsing ab initio technique the physical properties of ScIr_2 superconductor have been investigated with T _c 1.03 K with a MgCu_2-type structure. We have carried out the plane-wave pseudopotential approach within the framework of the first-principles density functional theory (DFT) implemented within the CASTEP code. The calculated structural parameters confirm a good agreement with the experimental and other theoretical results. Using the Voigt-Reuss-Hill (VRH) averaging scheme the most important elastic properties including the bulk modulus B, shear modulus G , Young’s modulus E and Poisson’s ratio ν of ScIr_2 are determined. At ambient condition, the values of Cauchy pressure and Pugh’s ratio exhibit ductile nature of ScIr_2. The electronic and optical properties of ScIr_2 were investigated for the first time. The electronic band structure reveals metallic conductivity and the major contribution comes from Ir-5 d states. In the ultraviolet region the reflectivity is high up to 50 eV as evident from the reflectivity spectrum.
Перестройка дефектной структуры тетрабората лития (Li-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-B-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=-) во внешнем электрическом поле
Authors: Куликов А.Г. , Писаревский Ю.В. , Благов А.Е. , Марченков Н.В. , Ломонов В.А. , Петренко А.А. , Ковальчук М.В.
Published: March 2019

The process of the defect structure rearrangement in a lithium tetraborate single crystal under the influence of high voltage external electric field applied along the polar direction [001] is studied with use of X-ray diffractometry. The results are supplemented by measurements of the conductivity kinetics.
Under conditions of electric field of 300-500 V/mm strength, a sharp broadening of the 004 reflection diffraction peak and its integral intensity increasing by several times are observed, however its position and shape practically do not change. Under the influence of DC field with a strength in range of 500 to 1500 V/mm, the broadening process slows down, but the rocking curve asymmetry appears as well as its sharp shift to the smaller angles associated with an increase in the lattice parameter along the c-axis. This process is quasi-reversible, since the distorted structure is partially restored at a very slow rate (for several months).
Two types of the diffraction peak parameters variation dependencies on the external field are interpreted as the manifestation of two ionic conductivity mechanisms: mobile lithium ions (Li+) at low-intensity electric field and oxygen vacancies (VO2+) at stronger fields. The process of charge carriers’ migration causes the increase of defects concentration and structure changes in the near-surface region of the crystal.
Магнитные свойства Eu-=SUB=-0.9-=/SUB=-Yb-=SUB=-0.1-=/SUB=-B-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=-
Authors: Анисимов М.А. , Богач А.В. , Кузнецов А.В. , Азаревич А.Н. , Самарин Н.А. , Демишев С.В. , Шицевалова Н.Ю. , Духненко А.В. , Филипов В.Б. , Случанко Н.Е. , Глушков В.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe magnetic properties of substitutional solid solutions Eu_0.9Yb_0.1B_6 have been investigated in the temperature range of 2–300 K in fields up to 5 T. The data obtained confirm that the state with the electronic and magnetic phase separation (typical of europium hexaboride) is implemented in Eu_0.9Yb_0.1B_6 when the system metallization ( T _M ≈ 15 K) precedes the ferromagnetic ordering ( T _C ≈ 11.4 K). An analysis of the curves M ( H ) in the Belov–Arrott coordinates makes it possible to evaluate spontaneous magnetization M _sp and zero field susceptibility χ_0 and determine the character of their critical behavior near the Curie point. The calculated critical indices (γ ≈ 1.28 and β ≈ 0.34) are in agreement with the predictions of the three-dimensional Heisenberg model.
Особенности локализации нелинейных спиновых волн в слоистой ферромагнитетике, обусловленные магнитной анизотропией слоев
Authors: Савотченко С.Е.
Published: March 2019

AbstractA trilayer structure model has been investigated, in which uniaxial ferromagnetic layers and thin-film interfaces between them are characterized by the magnetic anisotropy. The magnetization perturbation induced in this structure is described by the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a nonlinear potential, which simulates the interfaces between ferromagnetic layers. It is shown that, in this structure, two types of nonlinear spin waves can propagate along the layers, which are induced by the nonlinearity of the interfaces caused by their magnetic anisotropy. The frequencies of such localized stationary states of spin waves have been obtained in the explicit analytical form. The conditions for the existence of these states, depending on the characteristics of the layers and interfaces between them, have been established.
Энергетическое обоснование образования димеров иттербия в монокристаллах форстерита
Authors: Дудникова В.Б. , Жариков Е.В. , Лис Д.А. , Еремин Н.Н.
Published: March 2019

AbstractA structural computer simulation of ytterbium-containing forsterite crystals has been carried out. Atomistic simulation is performed using the GULP 4.1 software package (General Utility Lattice Program). Different mechanisms of ytterbium dissolution in forsterite crystals are considered, and the dissolution energies of isolated defects, as well as charged and neutral clusters of various configurations, are calculated. The results of the calculation manifest that the formation of ytterbium clusters with a magnesium vacancy gives a significant gain in the dissolution energy. The formation of neutral clusters (dimers) in the M1 site (Yb_Mg1ν_Mg1Yb_Mg1) leads to an energy reduction by 1.7 eV compared with the statistical distribution of defects. As a result of simulation, it is shown the energetic substantiation of the formation of ytterbium dimers in forsterite crystals. A model of the most energetically favorable center in the M1 site is proposed—a dimer, consisting of a pair of trivalent ytterbium ions with a magnesium vacancy between them, forming a chain parallel to the crystallographic axis c .
Изменение термодинамических свойств при изохорическом и изобарическом уменьшении размера нанокристалла кремния
Authors: Магомедов М.Н.
Published: March 2019

AbstractEquation of state P (ν/ν_o) and the baric dependences of the lattice and surface properties of silicon macro- and nanocrystals have been calculated using the method of calculation of crystal properties from the pair Mie–Lennard-Jones interatomic potential and the RP-model of nanocrystal. The isothermal dependences of P (ν/ν_o) for the macro- and the nanocrystal are shown to be intersected at a certain value of relative volume (ν/ν_o)_0. The surface pressure becomes zero at the intersection point (at (ν/ν_o)_0). The value of (ν/ν_o)_0 decreases upon isomorphic–isomeric increase in temperature and also at isomorphic–isothermic decrease in the number of atoms N in the nanocrystal, or at isomeric–isothermic deviation of the nanocrystal shape from the most energetically optimal shape (in the RP-model, this shape is a cube). The obtained equation of state is used to study the changes of the silicon properties at isochoric (ν/ν_o = 1) and also isobaric ( P = 0) decrease in N at temperatures 300 and 1000 K.
Мартенситное превращение, магнитотранспортные свойства и магнитокалорический эффект в сплаве Ni-=SUB=-47-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-42-=/SUB=-In-=SUB=-11-=/SUB=-
Authors: Калетина Ю.В. , Герасимов Е.Г. , Терентьев П.Б. , Калетин А.Ю.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe structure, electric properties, and magnetocaloric effect in Ni_47Mn_42In_11 ferromagnetic alloy in which the martensite transformation temperature is close to room temperature and nearly coincides with the austenite Curie temperature are studied. It is revealed that the spontaneous transformation of martensite to austenite is accompanied with the decrease by 45% in its resistivity. In the martensite transformation induced by a magnetic field, a negative magnetoresistance is observed; it reaches ≈15% in the magnetic field with a strength of 18 kOe. The temperature dependence of the maximum change in the entropy in the martensite transformation induced by the magnetic field was calculated by using the Clausius–Clapeyron equation. It is shown that the maximum values of the magnetoresistance and magnetocaloric effect are observed near the temperature of the spontaneous martensite transformation.
Влияние взаимодействия слоев на жесткость изгибных деформаций многослойных углеродных нанолент
Authors: Савин А.В. , Савина О.И.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe effect of a weak nonbonded layers interaction on the bending resistance of a multilayered graphene nanoribbon is studied. A numerical simulation of bending of a finite multilayered nanoribbon and analysis of its bending vibrations show that interaction of layers significantly increases bending stiffness normalized to a number of layers only for nanoribbons with length L > 12 nm. The greater the length, the stronger this increase. Thus, at length L = 24 nm, layers interaction increases bending stiffness three times for a two-layer nanoribbon and six times for a nine-layer nanoribbon. Therefore, the use of multilayered nanoribbons can significantly increase the bending resistance of extended nanoconstructions.
Эволюция микроструктуры и системы частиц Ti-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-Ni-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- при термообработках нанокристаллического сплава Ti-50.9 at.% Ni
Authors: Полетика Т.М. , Гирсова С.Л. , Лотков А.И. , Круковский К.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe structure of a Ti−(50.9 at % Ni) nanocrystalline alloy is studied by transmission electron microscopy after annealing at 300−500°C. It is found that B2-TiNi solid solution decomposition according to a heterogeneous mechanism with formation of Ti_3Ni_4 particles develops in the subgrain structure and is suppressed in nanograins. The regularities of recovery, polygonization, and recrystallization in the grain/subgrain structure of a nanocrystalline TiNi alloy are established and their interconnection with processes of dissolution and coagulation of Ti_3Ni_4 particles is identified.
Связь ликвации с температурой Дебая
Authors: Хентов В.Я. , Шачнева Е.Ю. , Семченко В.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractIt has been established that several parameters characterizing liquation are associated with the Debye temperature of chemical elements. The correlation factors always exceed 0.9.
Исследование критической температуры T-=SUB=-c-=/SUB=- гомофазных сверхпроводников (Bi-=SUB=-1.7-=/SUB=-Pb-=SUB=-0.3-=/SUB=-Sr-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Ca-=SUB=-(n-1)-=/SUB=-Cu-=SUB=-n-=/SUB=- O-=SUB=-y-=/SUB=- (n=3, 4, 5) и вольт-амперных характеристик сэндвич-пар полупроводник InP-сверхпроводник Bi/Pb (2223, 2234, 2245)
Authors: Гуламова Д.Д. , Каримов А.В. , Чигвинадзе Д.Г. , Ашимов С.М. , Маградзе О.В. , Бобокулов С.Х. , Турдиев Ж.Ш. , Бахронов Х.Н.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe electrophysical properties of semiconductor–superconductor sandwich pairs (InP–Bi/Pb 2223, 2234, 2245) are investigated, in which homophase superconductors based on bismuth cuprates with high reproducible critical temperatures of superconducting transition T _ c = 107–180 K are used. The advantage of melt solar technology for obtaining superconducting materials is demonstrated. The microstructure and phase composition of strongly anisotropic superconductors with nominal composition Bi_1.7Pb_0.3Sr_2Ca_( n _– 1)Cu_ n O_ y ( n = 3, 4, 5) are researched. A technique of experimental determination of superconducting transition critical temperatures T _ c in single-phase and homophase HTSC samples is presented. The current–voltage characteristics of InP–Bi/Pb pairs are investigated. The relationship between the electrical resistance of sandwich pairs and superconductor critical temperature T _ c is established.
Голографические интерферограммы вибрирующего тонкого дискового резонатора из пьезокерамики при асимметричном нагружении точечной массой
Authors: Титов В.А.
Published: March 2019

AbstractDeformations of the base of a free piezoceramic resonator that represents a thin disk are visualized using holographic interferometry under high-intensity electric excitation at antiresonance frequencies of radial modes. Motion of a loading point mass along the radial coordinate is used to specify identification of partial modes and the total number and energy interaction of such modes. Four topologically compatible modes form a single mode on which the pattern of Lamb modes is superimposed under certain experimental conditions, and an implicit piston mode is obtained.
Биоповреждение бумаги микромицетами в условиях эксперимента: исследование методами колебательной спектроскопии
Authors: Поволоцкая А.В. , Панькин Д.В. , Сазанова К.В. , Петров Ю.В. , Курганов Н.С. , Михайлова А.А. , Поволоцкий А.В. , Курочкин А.В. , Власов А.Д. , Гонобоблева С.Л. , Галушкин А.А. , Хосид Е.Г.
Published: March 2019

AbstractDamage to paper (sulfate pulp, cotton half-stuff, and flax half-stuff) caused by the Aspergillus niger , A. sclerotiorum , and Penicillium chrysogenum fungi is investigated by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. It is shown that the use of application infrared Fourier-transform absorption spectroscopy allows one to identify the initial stages of damage from a decrease in the degree of crystallinity of the cellulose contained in paper. The absorption band near 900 cm^–1 is used as an indicator of early stages of damage. An increase in the amide II peak at 1550 cm^–1 and spectral changes in the region of valence vibrations of the C–H bonds (2800–3000 cm^–1) are observed in the case of heavier damage. The obtained data indicate that the vibrational spectroscopy techniques are promising in the study of damage of archive documents.
Резонатор лазера с интерференционно-поляризационным фильтром на основе фазовых интерферометров
Authors: Ковалев А.А.
Published: March 2019

AbstractIt is proposed to use the phase properties of a reflective interferometer upon oblique incidence for spectral selection in lasers. The effect is achieved due to the difference in phases of waves having different polarization and reflected from the reflective interferometer. A simple version in which the wave is incident at the Brewster angle on the reflective interferometer in the form of a plate with a single totally reflecting face is considered for several materials of the plate. It is shown that one such element can replace several plates of Lyot-type filters. A cavity with two reflective interferometers has been calculated; in this cavity, one can multiply increase the selectivity. A version of a cavity with a reflective interferometer in the form of a thin-layer coating is considered; for this cavity, a mechanism for a twofold increase in the free dispersion region due to inclusion of a metal layer into the coating is proposed. Results of calculating a specific device for a wavelength of 0.6 μm are presented.
Высокостабильный источник спектральных линий
Authors: Битюков В.К. , Горбунов Р.А. , Симачков Д.С. , Фрунзе А.В.
Published: March 2019

In spectroscopy, hollow cathode lamps are subject to increased requirements on radiation parameters. In order to perform verification of such lamps a highly stable source of spectral lines is needed, the intensity of which on the spectral lines will remain unchanged (≤1%) for a long time. A solution to this problem is proposed and a scheme of an experimental bench for a hollow cathode lamp with a negative feedback loop is presented. The developed device is used in control circuit, which is a highly stable source of spectral lines and a specialized power supply unit. The results of the experimental study along with metrological analysis are presented. The proposed technical solution in terms of developing a stable source of spectral lines made it possible to obtain a high level of both short-term and long-term stability of the spectral lines.
Теневая визуализация турбулентного обмена между вихревым кольцом и окружающей средой при различных плотностях жидкостей в вихре и вне его
Authors: Никулин В.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe turbulent exchange between a vortex ring and the environment was observed using shadowgraph imaging of the process when the density of the fluid inside and outside of the vortex is different. The characteristic distance of turbulent exchange traversed by the vortex is determined, and the dependence of this distance on the vortex velocity and the related Reynolds number is established.
Mагнитные и диэлектрические свойства мультиферроиков (1-x)BiFeO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=--xYMnO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Михайлов В.И. , Довгий В.Т. , Линник А.И. , Кравченко З.Ф. , Каменев В.И. , Кулик Н.Н. , Боднарук А.В. , Легенький Ю.А. , Татарчук Д.Д. , Давыдейко Н.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractMagnetic hysteresis loops obtained in the fields from 0 to ±2.5 kOe and dielectric permittivity ε (at 1 kHz, 1 MHz, and 8.3 GHz) of (1 – x )BiFeO_3– x YMnO_3 composite multiferroics (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) were studied. Ceramic samples of solid solutions were made by the nitrate process. Compositions (1 – x )BiFeO_3– x YMnO_3 with 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 were found to be soft ferromagnetic materials sensitive to weak magnetic fields. Coercive field H _ c is about 20–32 Oe for these samples. The maximal magnetization was observed in the sample having x = 0.35. For the samples with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4 at T = 300 K, the permittivity was ε ~ 17.6–248.6 at the frequency of 1 kHz, 7.8–63.2 at 1 MHz, and 4 ± 0.3 at 8.3 GHz.
Омические контакты к оксиду европия для устройств спинтроники
Authors: Андреев А.А. , Грищенко Ю.В. , Черных И.А. , Занавескин М.Л. , Лобанович Э.Ф.
Published: March 2019

AbstractA technique for in situ fabrication of aluminum-based Ohmic contacts to EuO by molecular-beam epitaxy is proposed. These contacts have a linear current–voltage curve and a contact resistance of 0.55 Ω mm and are stable in air. This suggests that the proposed technique holds promise for spintronic applications.
Влияние образования силицидов на удельное сопротивление кремния
Authors: Умирзаков Б.Е. , Ташмухамедова Д.А. , Аллаярова Г.Х. , Содикжанов Ж.Ш.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe effect of the formation of thin films of nickel silicides on the migration of intrinsic p -type impurities in silicon was studied for the first time. It was found that bulk resistance $${{\rho }_{{v}}}$$ of a single Si crystal increases by a factor of 3–4 if  a NiSi_2 film with thickness θ ≥ 50–100 Å forms on its surface. This is attributable to the migration of boron atoms toward the silicide film. The Si layer thickness enabling measurable boron migration was estimated at 800–1000 Å.