bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and structure of tetraphenylstibonium diiododicyanoaurate [Ph4Sb][Au(CN)2l2]
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Shevchenko D. , Sharutin V.
Published: September 2024

The reaction of potassium diiododicyanoaurate with tetraphenylstibonium chloride has led to the synthesis of the [Ph4Sb][Au(CN)2I2] (1) complex. The crystal structure of compound 1 has been determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis for the first time. According to the XRD data, tetraphenylstibonium diiododicyanoaurate (1) [C26H19N2SbI2Au, M = 931.95; triclinic crystal sys-tem, P–1 space group; cell parameters: a = 8.176(5) Å, b = 9.998(6) Å, c = 18.579(15) Å; a = 84.55(3)°, β = 77.37(3)°, g = 67.42(3)°, V = 1368.4(16) Å3, Z = 2; r(calc.) = 2.262 g/cm3; 2qmax: 5.62°–74.5°; –13 ≤ h ≤ 13, –16 ≤ k ≤ 16, –31 ≤ l ≤ 31; 91938 reflections collected; 14033 independent reflec-tions (Rint = 0.0559); GOOF = 1.033; R-factor 5.95%] has the ionic structure and consists of tetra-phenylstibonium cation with practically undistorted tetrahedral coordination of the antimony atom (the CSbC angles vary in the range 102.2(3)–119.8(2)°; the Sb–C distances vary within 2.087(6)–2.099(6) Å) and two types of almost undistorted square-planar diiododicyanoaurate anions (the trans- and cis-angles are close to 180° and 90° respectively; the Au–I and Au–C distances are 2.5863(13), 2.6071(15) Å and 1.986(8), 1.991(7) Å, respectively). The crystal organization in crystal 1 is caused by the interionic С–H∙∙∙N≡C (2.54, 2.55 Å) and С–H∙∙∙I–Au (3.16 Å) hydrogen bonds, as well as by the weak Sb∙∙∙N≡C contacts with the length of 3.30 Å. Complete tables of atomic coordinates, bond lengths, and bond angles for compound 1 have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC 1900936) and are available, free of charge, at deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk and http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk.
The synthesis methods of phosphorus compounds R4PX, where X is an electronegative group
Authors:   South Ural State University, Sharutin V. , Mekhanoshina E. , Sakhautdinova M. , Baygildina D. , Morodetskikh M. , Sazhin O. , Yashimbayev A. , Zhuravleva S. , Bezgodova A. , Sycheva S.
Published: September 2024

Based on the analysis of literature sources from the beginning of the 21st century to the present, various methods for obtaining phosphorus compounds of the general formula R4PX (X is an electronegative group) have been systematized and described. The present study is a continuation of classical research in the field of chemistry of organic phosphorus compounds in the Laboratory of Chemistry of Organoelement Compounds of South Ural State University. The prin-cipal attention is paid to synthesis methods for tetraorganylphosphonium derivatives based on radical redistribution reactions and substitution reactions, which are used to synthesize tetra-phenylphosphorus bromide and a series of alkyltriphenylphosphonium arenesulfonates, respec-tively. It has been shown that the single product of the interaction of triphenylphosphorus dibro-mide with pentaphenylphosphorus in a benzene solution (1 hour, 25 °C) is tetraphenylphosphoni-um bromide, isolated from the reaction mixture, yielding 92%. Tetraphenylphosphonium benzene-sulfonate has been obtained, yielding 90%, by a substitution reaction from tetraphenylphosphoni-um bromide and benzenesulfonic acid in water. Using a similar scheme, a series of alkyltri-phenylphosphonium arenesulfonates have been obtained with yields up to 92 %: [Ph3PC3H5-cyclo][OSO2Naft-1] (2), [Ph3PCH2СN][OSO2Mez)] (3), [Ph3PCH2СN][OSO2C6H3Сl2-2,5] ∙ ½MeOH (4), [Ph3PCH2OH][OSO2C6H3Сl2-2,5] ∙ H2O (5), [Ph3PEt][OSO2C6H3(NO2)2-2,4] (6), [Ph3P(СH2)2OH] [OSO2C6H3(NO2)2-2,4] (7), [Ph3P(С6H11-cyclo)] [OSO2C6H3(NO2)2-2,4] (8). The complex structures have been proved by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). According to the XRD data, crystals of complexes 2–5 have ionic structure; they consist of tetraorganylphosphonium and arenesulfonate anions.
Synthesis and study of the structure of iodine-containing imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazinium systems
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Il’inykh E. , Sharutin V.
Published: September 2024

Heterocyclization of S-alkenyl derivatives of 1-methylimidazole-2-thiol (1-methyl-2-prenyl-sulfanylimidazole (1), 1-methyl-2-cinnamylsulfanylimidazole (4), and 2-(3-butenyl)sulfanyl-1-methyl-imidazole (7)) has been studied for the first time under the action of iodine (iodocyclization) in various solvents (chloroform, dichloro-methane, glacial acetic acid), and at different substrate and iodine ratios (1 : 1, 1 : 2). It has been found that the interaction of compounds 1, 4, 7 with iodine proceeds regioselectively, regardless of the reaction conditions, and it is accompanied by the linear annelation of the thiazinium ring and formation of a bicyclic fused heterocyclic system. As a result, new iodine-containing imidazo[2,1 b][1,3]thiazinium systems have been synthesized – 6-iodo-1,5,5-trimethyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]hiazinium polyiodide / iodide (2, 3), 6-iodo-1-methyl-5-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazinium triiodide / iodide (5, 6), and 6-iodomethyl-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazinium iodide (9). The structure of the synthesized compounds has been studied and proved by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The evidence for heterocyclization reactions of alkenyl sulfides 1, 4, and 7 is the absence of signals for the alkenyl protons and the presence of a more complex splitting pattern of signals for the thiazinium ring protons in the 1H NMR spectra of heterocyclization products. The structures of polyiodide 2 and triiodide 5 have been unambiguously established and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. According to the X-ray analysis data, the cell of polyiodide 2 contains two heterocyclic cations, a triiodide anion, and an iodide anion. In the triiodide crystal 5 heterocyclic cations correspond to two types of crystallographically independent triiodide anions: one cell contains eight molecules of a heterocyclic cation and eight triiodide anions. The structural organization in the crystals is due to short contacts between atoms: I(4)∙∙∙H(3) (2.95 Å), I(4)∙∙∙I(1) (3.57 Å), H(8a)∙∙∙I(2) (3.13 Å) (in crystal 2), I(2)∙∙∙I(4) (3.95 Å), I(5)∙∙∙H(5) (3.14 Å), I(4)∙∙∙H(7a) (3.12 Å), I(4)∙∙∙H(7b) (3.17 Å) (in crystal 5).
Tutela judicial efectiva. Resistencia y expansión
Authors: Díez Riaza Sara
Published: September 2024

Los diversos profesores que abordan y reflexionan en esta obra sobre el valor de la tutela judicial coinciden en la necesidad de impedir su retroceso jurídico y ético. Las dificultades no son pocas dadas sus actuales amenazas dimanantes del economicismo y del poder aniquilador, a las que se les suma la desconfianza psicosocial hacia los jueces y políticos. De ahí nace la propuesta común por superar las barreras que no permitan hacer realidad la tutela de la justicia y su defensa profesional por letrado y procurador comprometidos. Este libro contiene los últimos hitos de la legislación y de la jurisprudencia constitucional y procesal española y europea, sin renunciar a un análisis de los orígenes y antecedentes históricos de la tutela judicial que se remontan a la premodernidad. La línea de lucha por la expansión del derecho es nítida, a partir de la transmisión clarificadora del lenguaje y de su refuerzo para las personas con discapacidad de toda índole y sufrientes de discriminación, alcanzando incluso a los embates que viven los consumidores. La práctica probatoria tampoco puede mermar la efectividad de la tutela judicial por adolecer de extensión. Y se deben procurar cualesquiera recursos tanto legales como materiales que disipen los obstáculos que viene sumando el ejercicio de la tutela judicial. Así los autores reconocen el encuentro intelectual que tiene lugar en el seno del Departamento de Disciplinas Comunes de la Facultad de Derecho (ICADE) de la Universidad Pontificia Comillas, del cual fluyó, una vez más, el compromiso de esta institución, ahora a partir de la problemática de la tutela judicial estudiada en perspectivismo y en analogía, por la proyección y protección del ser personal.
Analisis Pengaruh Indian Ocean Dipole Terhadap Suhu Permukaan Laut Dan Klorofil-a Di Selat Karimata Pada Tahun 2008-2022
Authors: Alamsyah M. Zanugera , Handoyo Gentur , Wijaya Yusuf Jati
Published: September 2024

Selat Karimata adalah perairan yang menghubungkan Pulau Sumatra dengan Pulau Kalimantan serta merupakan selat terluas di Indonesia. Selat ini memiliki kondisi oseanografis yang kompleks karena dipengaruhi oleh sistem angin muson, yang mempengaruhi suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a. Secara umum, suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a dapat dipengaruhi oleh Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). IOD merupakan salah satu fenomena iklim global yang terbentuk di Samudra Hindia dan dapat memengaruhi daerah sekitarnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh IOD terhadap variabilitas suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a di Selat Karimata pada tahun 2008-2022. Data yang digunakan adalah data suhu permukaan laut dari OSTIA, klorofil-a dari OC-CCI, angin dari ASCAT, dan Dipole Mode Index (DMI) selama 15 tahun. Pengolahan data menggunakan Interactive Data Language dengan memakai rumus rata-rata. Analisis korelasi juga digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara IOD dengan suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa IOD berpengaruh siginifikan terhadap klorofil-a dibandingkan suhu permukaan laut dengan kekuatan hubungan kuat untuk klorofil-a dan hubungan lemah untuk suhu permukaan laut. Pada saat kejadian IOD positif, terjadi peningkatan suhu permukaan laut sebesar 3,5% dan penurunan konsentrasi klorofil-a sebesar 33,33%. Selama peristiwa IOD negatif, terjadi penurunan suhu permukaan laut sebesar 1,6% dan peningkatan konsentrasi klorofil-a sebesar 11,11%.
Immunotherapy as a new perspective for the therapy of esophageal cancer
Authors: Huber Yvonne , Moehler Markus , Högner Anica
Published: September 2024

The therapeutic landscape in nearly every therapeutic line in advanced/metastatic patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and esophagogastric adenocarcinoma (EGC) is enriched by recent approvals of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In curative intended therapy, patients without pathological residual disease of SCC or GEJ (esophagogastric junction) cancer after preoperative chemoradiation and complete resection have access to adjuvant immunotherapy (independent of PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein 1) status, nivolumab, CHECKMATE 577). For metastatic SCC in the first-line, nivolumab combined with chemotherapy or with ipilimumab (TPS (tumor proportion score) ≥1 %, SCC, CHECKMATE 648) are approved, as well as second-line nivolumab alone regardless of PD-L1 status (ATTRACTION 03). For both, locally advanced or metastatic SCC and EGC, chemotherapy with pembrolizumab is available for patients with CPS (combined positive score) ≥10 (KEYNOTE 590) and for adenocarcinoma with nivolumab (CPS ≥5, CHECKMATE 649). Recent added approvals are chemotherapy with pembrolizumab in CPS ≥1 patients (KEYNOTE 859) and the addition of trastuzumab for personalized therapy in HER-2 positive/CPS ≥1 gastric and GEJ patients (KEYNOTE 811).
Capaneus philosophus? Una nota su Zenone, Filodemo, Stazio (e Lucrezio)
Authors: Cannizzaro Francesco
Published: September 2024

This short article, which starts with a reconsideration of the philosophical characterization of Statius’ Capaneus, aims at investigating the reception of the mythical figure of Capaneus in Hellenistic philosophy. Both among the Stoics (Zeno and, maybe, Chrysippus, according to Diogenes Laertius and Athenaeus) and the Epicureans (Philodemus in P.Herc. 452 olim 463, fr. 13), Capaneus occurs in the philosophical discourse on the definition of the sage, albeit with different nuances and reference texts. Statius, Neapolitan poeta doctus with Stoic and Epicurean patroni, may have drawn insights from this intellectual environment to provide his Capaneus with philosophical overtones. In the last paragraph it is cautiously suggested, on the basis of P.Herc. 452 olim 463, fr. 13, that Lucretius’ Epicurus in the well-known prologue of the De rerum natura – a model for Statius’ Capaneus – may have been influenced by the Epicurean reception of Capaneus.
Intersektorale Kooperation in der kommunalen Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung für Kinder und Jugendliche
Authors: Röding Dominik , Birgel Vera , Walter Ulla
Published: September 2024

Derzeit werden in Deutschland intersektorale Kooperationen (ISK) für Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung (PGF) ausgebaut. Der Artikel untersucht, in welchem Umfang einzelne Sektoren für PGF kooperieren. Es wurden Befragungsdaten (n = 243) aus 30 Kommunen analysiert. Die Kinder/Jugendarbeit, Schulen und Jugendzentren zeigen die stärkste Vernetzung, hingegen die Gesundheitsämter, religiösen sowie Freizeit- und Sporteinrichtungen die schwächste. Dies verweist auf Entwicklungspotenziale.
Kommunale Strategien der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung und ihre Evidenzlagen - Update eines Scoping Reviews
Authors: Quilling Eike , Leimann Janna , Kuchler Maja , Tollmann Patricia
Published: September 2024

Kommunale Strategien der Gesundheitsförderung gewinnen an Relevanz. Das Ziel dieses Review Updates ist daher, Erkenntnisse über Ansätze, Strategien und Evidenz kommunaler Gesundheitsförderung zu prüfen und zu erweitern. Zusätzliche elf Publikationen heben Ansätze zu Planung, Strukturbildung, Vernetzung und Partizipation hervor. Es wird deutlich, dass diese eine starke Systematisierung erfahren haben und somit zur Professionalisierung in der kommunalen Gesundheitsförderung beitragen.
Kommunale Gesundheitsförderung im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst (ÖGD)
Authors: Kümeke Silke , Rieger-Ndakorerwa Gudrun
Published: September 2024

Die kommunale Gesundheitsförderung durch den ÖGD hat aufgrund des Präventionsgesetzes und des Pakts für den ÖGD nach der Covid-19-Pandemie an Bedeutung gewonnen. Die vielfältigen Aktivitäten, Vorgehensweisen und Strategien der Gesundheitsämter werden im Überblick dargestellt.
Evaluation von kommunalen Präventionsketten: Das Beispiel München-Freiham
Authors: Voss Stephan , Coenen Michaela , Jung-Sievers Caroline , Rehfuess Eva
Published: September 2024

Präventionsketten als Maßnahmen zur Förderung von Gesundheit und sozialer Teilhabe bei Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie zur Prävention der Folgen von Kinderarmut sind in vielen Kommunen in Deutschland etabliert. Ihre Evaluation stellt aufgrund der Komplexität der Intervention und des Settings Kommune eine Herausforderung dar. Der Artikel beschreibt die Evaluation der Präventionskette Freiham im gleichnamigen Münchner Stadtteil durch ein Forschungsteam an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Kommunale bewegungsbezogene Gesundheitsförderung – Über Projekte guter Praxis
Authors: Kohler Simone , Dippon Lea , Weber Philipp , Rütten Alfred , Pfeifer Klaus , Semrau Jana
Published: September 2024

Zur Verbesserung der körperlichen Aktivität aller Bevölkerungsgruppen eignen sich bewegungsbezogene Interventionen in und mit Kommunen, die idealerweise mit Projekten guter Praxis umgesetzt und verbreitet werden. Obwohl es in Deutschland eine Vielzahl kommunaler Projekte zur Bewegungsförderung gibt, ist die Identifizierung solcher eine Herausforderung. Eine standardisierte Anwendung von Qualitätskriterien wäre ein wichtiger Schritt, um mehr Evidenz für Projekte guter Praxis generieren zu können.
Aktiv und fit im Alter – kommunale Bewegungsförderung
Authors: Hirche Marisa
Published: September 2024

Die Altersgruppe 65+ rückt immer mehr in den Fokus von gesundheitsfördernden Maßnahmen. Bewegung spielt dabei eine entscheidende Rolle zum Erhalt der Gesundheit. Mittels verhaltens- und verhältnispräventiver Maßnahmen werden ältere Menschen erreicht und zu regelmäßiger Bewegung motiviert. Die Zusammenarbeit kommunaler Partner ist dabei ein entscheidender Faktor zur erfolgreichen Implementierung und nachhaltigen Umsetzung von Maßnahmen, wie die Erfahrungen des Projekts AuF leben zeigen.
Ökologische Resilienz, ein policy-basiertes Transformationsziel
Authors: Bucksch Jens , Schlicht Wolfgang
Published: September 2024

Gesundheit resultiert aus der Interaktion von Person- und Umweltfaktoren. Dieser sozial-ökologische Grundsatz impliziert, dass kommunale Gesundheitsförderung systemisch, gemeinde-entwickelnd angelegt sein sollte. Politisches Entscheiden und Handeln sollte Verwirklichungschancen eröffnen, die allen Bürger*innen ein gesundes Leben ermöglichen. Eine „ökologisch resiliente Kommune“ ist als Transformationsziel geeignet, um Gemeinden gegen große gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen krisenfest zu wappnen.
PNO-Präventionsnetzwerk Ortenaukreis
Authors: Fröhlich-Gildhoff Klaus , Böttinger Ullrich
Published: September 2024

Im Präventionsnetzwerk Ortenaukreis wird seit zehn Jahren eine kommunale Gesundheitsstrategie mit konkreten Maßnahmen zur Organisationsentwicklung der Bildungsinstitutionen Kita und Grundschule zu gesundheitsförderlichen Institutionen umgesetzt. Nach den positiven Evaluationsergebnissen ist PNO verstetigt und eine Präventionskette von der Schwangerschaft bis zum 18. Lebensjahr ausgebaut.
Gesundheits- und Arbeitsförderung gemeinsam neu gedacht
Authors: Nock Annike Morgane , Meyer Ilka-Marina , Wilhelm Marle , Altgeld Thomas
Published: September 2024

Erwerbslosigkeit hat negative Auswirkungen auf die physische und psychische Gesundheit. Um dieser Ungleichheit mit Interventionen zu begegnen, ist die Heterogenität der Dialoggruppe zu beachten. Diverse Zugangswege und passgenaue Angebote sind von zentraler Bedeutung. Im Programm teamw()rk für Gesundheit und Arbeit in Niedersachsen und Bremen werden drei Ansätze erprobt: Individuelle Gesundheitsberatungen, Gutscheinkooperationen und die Planung spezifischer und bedarfsbezogener Kurse.
10.000 Schritte Düsseldorf – Partizipative Interventionsentwicklung
Authors: Pischke Claudia , Fialho Paula Matos , Schmitz Elena , Günther Liane , Weyers Simone
Published: September 2024

Komplexe Interventionsansätze zur Bewegungsförderung auf Bevölkerungsebene im urbanen Raum bedürfen einer kontinuierlichen Zusammenarbeit von Akteur:innen aus unterschiedlichen für den Themenbereich relevanten Sektoren der Stadtgesellschaft. Im folgenden Beitrag wird die Vorgehensweise und intersektorale Zusammenarbeit im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojekts mit dem Ziel der Adaptierung, Umsetzung und Evaluation einer komplexen Intervention zur Bewegungsförderung in der Stadt Düsseldorf beschrieben.
Kommunale Bewegungsförderung für Frauen aus menschenrechtlicher Sicht
Authors: Sommer Raluca , Till Maike , Messing Sven , Ziemainz Heiko , Abu-Omar Karim
Published: September 2024

Der Globale Aktionsplan für Bewegung der Weltgesundheitsorganisation fordert die Anwendung eines menschenrechtsbasierten Ansatzes als Leitprinzip für Maßnahmen der Bewegungsförderung. Es ist bislang unklar, auf welche Art eine menschenrechtliche Perspektive in der Praxis der Bewegungsförderung sinnvoll angewendet werden kann. Dies wird am Beispiel des BIG-Projekts, einem Bewegungsangebot für Frauen im kommunalen Raum, diskutiert und anhand von menschenrechtlichen Kriterien analysiert.
Gesundheitsfördernde Organisationsentwicklung in Kindertageseinrichtungen
Authors: Voss Anja
Published: September 2024

Das Setting Kindertageseinrichtung hat großen Einfluss auf die Gesundheit von pädadogischen Fachkräften, Kindern und Familien. Spezifische Konzepte einer gesundheitsfördernden Organisationsentwicklung, die den hohen Veränderungs- und Anpassungsdruck dieser Einrichtungen aufgreifen, bringen gesundheitsrelevante Themen in Entscheidungen, Strukturen und Prozesse ein und verankern sie nachhaltig in der Kita. Maßgebliche Akteur_innen sind neben Kita-Leitungen und Mitarbeitenden auch Vertreter_innen von Trägern, Kommunen und der Politik.
Sind Kommunen zur Prävention von Kinderübergewicht bereit?
Authors: Schröder Maike , Hassel Holger , Babitsch Birgit
Published: September 2024

Mit dem Community Readiness Model (CRM) lässt sich beurteilen, wie bereit eine Kommune ist, sich aktiv mit der Übergewichtsprävention bei Kindern zu befassen. Die Handlungsbereitschaft zur Prävention von Kinderübergewicht ist in deutschen Kommunen unter den gegebenen Bedingungen und der Ausrichtung in der kommunalen Präventionsarbeit gering. Sie könnte erhöht werden, indem Kommunen bei der Prioritätensetzung, der Steigerung von Wissen und Problembewusstsein und der Bereitstellung von Ressourcen unterstützt würden.
CTC: kommunale Gesundheitsförderung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Groeger-Roth Frederick
Published: September 2024

In dem Beitrag werden die Grundlagen und die Umsetzung der Methode Communities That Care (CTC) zur kommunalen Gesundheitsförderung beschrieben. Kommunen können mit CTC ihre Präventionsangebote auf die lokal bedeutsamsten Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren für gesundheitsbezogene Verhaltensprobleme von Kindern und Jugendlichen fokussieren. Auf Wirksamkeit überprüfte Präventionsangebote können aus dem Register „Grüne Liste Prävention“ passgenau ausgewählt und nachhaltig in den kommunalen Regeleinrichtungen verankert werden.
Community Capacity für Gesundheitsförderung – Ergebnisse der CTC-EFF-Studie
Authors: Birgel Vera , Röding Dominik , Walter Ulla
Published: September 2024

Community Capacity gilt als bedeutsam für die Umsetzung effektiver kommunaler Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung (PGF). Der Artikel untersucht die Zusammenhänge zwischen Community Capacity, evidenzbasierten PGF-Strategien und dem Substanzkonsum von Jugendlichen. Höhere Capacity-Level sind mit höherer Wahrscheinlichkeit mit evidenzbasierter PGF und geringeren Prävalenzen von Substanzkonsum verbunden. Dies unterstreicht die Bedeutung von Capacity Building als Bestandteil von PGF-Strategien.
ADHD-pain: Characteristics of chronic pain and association with muscular dysregulation in adults with ADHD
Authors: Udal Anne Beate Helseth , Stray Liv Larsen , Stray Torstein , Bertelsen Thomas Bjerregaard , Pripp Are Hugo , Egeland Jens
Published: September 2024

Objectives

A high incidence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been reported in chronic pain (ChP) patients. Furthermore, an association between ChP and muscular dysregulation has been reported in adults with ADHD. The present study investigated whether ADHD was more prevalent among psychiatric outpatients with ChP than those without ChP, and if there was an association between ChP, muscular dysregulation and characteristics of pain in patients with ADHD.

Methods

One-hundred and twenty-one individuals remitted to an outpatient psychiatry unit took part in this naturalistic epidemiological cross-sectional study. They were assessed with a pain self-report form (localization, intensity, and onset) and a test of muscle dysregulation (the Motor Function Neurological Assessment). Prevalence of ADHD among patients with ChP, as well as the qualitative characteristics of ChP within the ADHDgroup are reported. Both ChP and pain intensity correlated with muscular dysregulation through Spearman’s rho analysis. Additionally, the relationship between various diagnostic categories (ADHD, affective disorders, anxiety, or personality disorders) and incidence of axial pain was evaluated in logistic regression.

Results

ADHD was significantly more prevalent in patients with ChP, than in patients without ChP. In the ADHD group, ChP and pain intensity was associated with muscular dysregulation, particularly with high muscle tone. ChP was more axial and widespread, than for the patients without ADHD, and started at an early age. ADHD diagnosis predicted axial pain, whereas affective-, anxiety-, or personality disorders did not.

Conclusions

The study suggests that ChP in ADHD is associated with muscular dysregulation and is qualitatively different from ChP in psychiatric patients without ADHD. These findings may lead to further understanding of potential mechanisms involved in ADHD and ChP, and in turn to new treatment strategies for both disorders.
Prospects and Challenges of Genetically Modified Live-Attenuated Leishmania Vaccines
Authors: Karmakar Suman , Das Mousumi , Ray Monalisa , Mukherjee Soumyadip , Ghosh Sanhita , Roy Kamalika , Pal Chiranjib
Published: September 2024

Leishmaniases are transmitted by the protozoan parasite Leishmania through the bites of infected sandflies. Despite the availability of various medications, rising resistance and toxicity levels underscore the urgent need to explore and create a reliable, safe vaccine for human use. Creating live attenuated promastigotes by genetically modifying essential gene targets affects their virulence without influencing their immunogenic attribution, and has shown highly promising reproducibility. These vaccines provide protection against challenge with virulent wild-type parasites. Advances in CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology have shown promise in enabling marker-free gene modification. Herein, our aim is to shed light on genetically modified Leishmania with the potential to confer protection against wild-type Leishmania challenge in animal models. Because of several limitations, the success has not been achieved to date. Therefore, additional potential candidates with high effectiveness must be assessed as potential vaccines in the future.
μ-Opioid Receptor Modulation of the Glutamatergic/GABAergic Midbrain Inputs to the Mouse Dorsal Hippocampus
Authors: Kim Haram R. , Dey Soumil , Sekerkova Gabriella , Martina Marco
Published: September 2024

We used virus-mediated anterograde and retrograde tracing, optogenetic modulation, immunostaining, in situ hybridization, and patch-clamp recordings in acute brain slices to study the release mechanism and μ-opioid modulation of the dual glutamatergic/GABAergic inputs from the ventral tegmental area and supramammillary nucleus to the granule cells of the dorsal hippocampus of male and female mice. In keeping with previous reports showing that the two transmitters are released by separate active zones within the same terminals, we found that the short-term plasticity and pharmacological modulation of the glutamatergic and GABAergic currents are indistinguishable. We further found that glutamate and GABA release at these synapses are both virtually completely mediated by N- and P/Q-type calcium channels. We then investigated μ-opioid modulation of these synapses and found that activation of μ-opioid receptors (MORs) strongly inhibits the glutamate and GABA release, mostly through inhibition of presynaptic N-type channels. However, the modulation by MORs of these dual synapses is complex, as it likely includes also a disinhibition due to downmodulation of local GABAergic interneurons which make direct axo-axonic contacts with the dual glutamatergic/GABAergic terminals. We discuss how this opioid modulation may enhance LTP at the perforant path inputs, potentially contributing to reinforce memories of drug-associated contexts.
Sevoﬂurane in the Acute Phase of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Safiullin D. R. , Cherpakov R. A. , Shabanov A. K. , Polyakov P. A. , Grebenchikov O. A.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness and safety of sevoﬂurane in patients in the acute phase of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Materials and methods. A prospective, randomized, pilot clinical trial was conducted at the Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine (Moscow) in adults with acute severe TBI, aged 18 years and older, undergoing intensive intracranial pressure (ICP)-guided therapy. To achieve the desired sedative eﬀect, the inhaled anesthetic sevoﬂurane was administered in the main group, and standard doses of intravenous propofol were administered in the control group. ICP and cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) were monitored in all patients. Hemodynamic and respiratory support parameters, transcranial Doppler ultrasound scan, brain bioelectrical activity, brain CT scan, laboratory parameters, markers of inﬂammation, patients' need for sedation and mechanical ventilation, and length of ICU stay were also evaluated.

Results. The use of inhalation sedation contributed to the reduction of ICP on day 2 (9.5 mmHg in the sevoﬂurane group and 17.3 mmHg in the propofol group, P=0.003) and day 3 (10 mmHg and 14.2 mmHg, respectively, P=0.005). BIS monitoring showed no signiﬁcant diﬀerence in depth of sedation between groups on day 2 (60 vs. 48.5, P=0.070) and day 3 (61 vs. 46, P=0.095). Inhalation sedation reduced cerebral OEF on the injury side compared to propofol on day 2 (23.3 vs. 30.2%, P=0.006) and day 3 (22.7 vs. 31.2%, P<0.001). After 24 hours of sedation therapy, there was a signiﬁcant diﬀerence in P/F (PaO₂/FiO₂) ratios between the groups. On days 1, 3, and 7, the sevoﬂurane group had P/F ratios of 340, 324, and 323 mmHg, while the propofol group had signiﬁcantly lower ratios of 271, 278, and 275 mmHg (P<0.001). Pneumonia was documented in 9 cases in the sevoﬂurane group vs. 18 cases in the propofol group (P=0.028), and a similar trend was observed in the total number of infectious complications: 13 vs. 21 cases, respectively (P=0.046).

Conclusion. Sevoﬂurane in the acute phase of severe TBI was not only safe, but also improved several vital functions, including ICP, blood pressure, P/F ratio, and also slowed brain metabolism via reduced oxygen consumption without aﬀecting the depth of sedation according to BIS monitoring data. All of the above suggests that inhalation sedation may improve the prognosis for patient recovery. However, multicenter randomized clinical trials are needed to identify and verify all positive and negative eﬀects of inhalation sedation in this patient  population.
Integrating adaptive learning with post hoc model explanation and symbolic regression to build interpretable surrogate models
Authors: Biswas Ankita , Liu Shunshun , Garg Sunidhi , Morshed Md Golam , Vakili Hamed , Ghosh Avik W. , Balachandran Prasanna V.
Published: September 2024

We develop a materials informatics workflow to build an interpretable surrogate model for micromagnetic simulations. Our goal is to predict the energy barrier of a moving isolated skyrmion in rare-earth-free $$\hbox {Mn}_4$$

Mn
4

N. Our approach integrates adaptive learning with post hoc model explanation and symbolic regression methods. We discuss an unexplored acquisition function (information condensing active learning) within the adaptive learning loop and compare it with the known standard deviation function for efficient navigation of the search space. Model-agnostic post hoc explanation techniques then uncover trends learned by the trained model, which we then leverage to constrain the expressions used for symbolic regression.

Graphical abstract
Наукові дослідження Миколи Битинського в Канаді
Authors:   Lviv National Environmental University, Мазепа Олександр
Published: September 2024

The character of Mykola Bytynsky and his activities have not yet been sufficiently studied and analyzed, although they undoubtedly deserve it. Mykola Bytynsky is an expert in the field of heraldry and the author of a number of articles and surveys devoted to the problems of city and land heraldry in the historical and ethnographic regions of Ukraine. Due to the fact that the works of M. Bytynsky are scattered in various journals of public and religious associations of the Ukrainian community abroad, his scientific heritage has not become the object of special research. The article examines and analyzes the activities of M. Bytynsky in the field of Ukrainian heraldry and vexillology in Canada. M. Bytynsky was one of the organizers of the Ukrainian Genealogical and Heraldic Society, which contributed to the popularization of heraldry among the Ukrainian community in emigration. In his scientific activity, M. Bytynsky, first of all, devoted himself to the study of the city and territorial coats of arms of Ukraine, as evidenced by the huge number of publications during the years 1953-1972. M. Bytynsky was also engaged in the study of Ukrainian heraldic terminology, in particular the divisions of the shield, the peculiarities of the use of helmets, mottos, mantles, tents and crowns. Along with explanations, he gave examples of blazoning (description) of coats of arms. Due to the ideological commitment and political motivation of the city heraldry of the time in the Ukrainian SSR, the majority of city coats of arms were created in gross violation of the basic prescriptions of theoretical heraldry. M. Bytynsky, who was a leading specialist and practical specialist in the production of coats of arms, developed a number of recommendations that have not lost their relevance to this day and are an important evidence of the strength of the coat-of-arms tradition of Ukraine. For the first time, M. Bytynsky drew attention to the problems that objectively arose during the study of Ukrainian city symbols. The elaborated epistolary of M. Bytynsky also made it possible to analyze the creative ideas and directions of the researcher’s scientific activity, as well as the socio-cultural factors that had an impact on his life and activity. First of all, attention is drawn to the correspondence of M. Bytynsky with the famous heraldist R. Klymkevich, in which the researchers discussed a number of topical problems of Ukrainian city and land heraldry. Let’s note that the letters are carriers of versatile and unique information, which contributes to the understanding of a wide range of topical issues. Due to the lack of many sources, the letters will contribute to filling in the white spots in the study of scientific activity. In view of this, they are important sources for the reconstruction of the scientific activity of researchers of auxiliary historical disciplines.
Kwalifikacje zawodowe – personel medyczny w permanentnym rozwoju
Authors:   Wielospecjalistyczny Szpital Wojewódzki w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Piszczygłowa Bernadeta
Published: September 2024

One of the duties of medical staff is to improve professional qualifications and supplement knowledge. Especially in times that are referred to as the 3N: instability, discontinuity, unpredictability, and the transformations experienced by the economy and society are referred to as the fourth industrial revolution. The article aims to present these issues in relation to medical personnel in professional groups of doctors, nurses and midwives employed in medical entities. The obligation to improve professional qualifications and supplement knowledge stems from a number of generally applicable laws as well as regulations in force at a given employer, and its importance is important due to the nature of the activities performed by medical personnel, i.e. saving the health and life of patients. The employment of specialist medical staff is also a condition for healthcare entities to participate in competition procedures in order to conclude contracts for the provision of health services. Therefore, raising and supplementing qualifications by medical personnel should also be in the interest of managers of medical entities.
Kamica pęcherzyka żółciowego
Authors:   Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Chwarścianek Agata , Jagielski Mateusz ,   Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Jackowski Marek ,   Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu
Published: September 2024

Gallbladder stones are one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases requiring surgical treatment. Currently, the standard in the treatment of symptomatic, including complicated gallbladder stones, is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This paper presents a detailed description of gallbladder stones, starting with epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation and treatment.
Estuarine ichthyofauna of Kamchatka: formation conditions, species diversity and ecological characterisation
Authors: Koval M. V.
Published: September 2024

Species composition of the estuarine ichthyofauna is described for the first time on a regional scale for Kamchatka Territory based on the materials of author’s field studies carried out in 2010–2022, as well as on the analysis of all available information (literature, archival, survey, fishery, etc.). Specific features of the conditions of formation of estuarine ichthyofauna of the region are revealed. Fish species dominating in abundance in Kamchatka estuaries are indicated. The main ecological groups (guilds) of estuarine fishes are outlined. It was found that 1 species of cyclostomes and 60 species of fishes belonging to 44 genera and 23 families can be attributed to the estuarine ichthyofauna of Kamchatka. All these species are, to varying degrees, euryhaline and therefore may utilize individual Kamchatka estuaries as habitats at various stages of the life cycle. The basis of species diversity of the ichthyofauna of Kamchatka estuaries is formed by marine fishes (at least 34 species), the second in importance are anadromous species (1 species of cyclostomes and 14 species of fishes), the minimum contribution belongs to freshwater resident fishes (13 species), which are found only in estuaries of some rivers of the region. Fish that can be referred to the ecological group of “solely estuarine” (i. e., those whose full life cycle takes place in estuaries) are probably absent in Kamchatka. The maximum species diversity of fish communutues is observed either in big Kamchatka estuaries that are largely open to the sea or in river basins with a diverse freshwater ichthyofauna. Environmental conditions in such estuaries are more favorable for the migrations and habitat of marine fish species (mainly coastal ichthyocene). At the same time, all anadromous or some freshwater euryhaline species may also use these same estuaries as temporary habitats at certain stages of the life cycle. Fish species diversity is significantly higher in the estuaries of the eastern coast of Kamchatka, which is explained by the milder climatic conditions of this area (compared to the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk), as well as by the greater typological diversity of estuaries. A separate section summarizes the currently available information on the biology and ecology of all species of fishes and fish of Kamchatka estuaries, which is presented in the form of brief species sketches (including, external view at individual stages of the life cycle; key morphological characters; maximum size and age; distribution over the territory of the region; habitat specifics, lifestyle and migrations; peculiarities of reproduction and development; feeding preferences; abundance in the region, commercial or economic importance).
TEORIA DA ATIVIDADE DE ESTUDO E EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA REALÍSTICA: ARTICULAÇÃO E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: SANTOS DAYENE FERREIRA DOS , SILVA GABRIEL DOS SANTOS E , MIGUEL JOSÉ CARLOS
Published: September 2024

RESUMO: Este artigo resulta de uma revisão bibliográfica, cuja pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e tem como objetivo verificar limites e possibilidades de uma articulação teórica entre a Teoria da Atividade de Estudo (TAE) e a corrente didática da Educação Matemática Realística (RME - sigla da expressão em inglês “Realistic Mathematics Education”). A Teoria da Atividade de Estudo tem origens na Teoria Histórico-Cultural de Vygotsky, enquanto a Educação Matemática Realística é uma proposta do educador matemático Freudenthal. A teoria sobre a atividade de estudo conta com a fundamentação de pesquisadores como Davydov, Elkonin, Luria, Leontiev, Repkin, entre outros, desenvolvida nas escolas russas nos anos de 1960. Em um período próximo, surgiu a abordagem de Freudenthal a ser aplicada nas escolas neerlandesas. Ambos os grupos de pesquisadores (os de Vygotsky e os de Freudenthal) preocupavam-se em compreender o processo de ensino e aprendizagem: os russos estavam focados no desenvolvimento do psiquismo humano, especificamente, da criança, ao passo que os educadores neerlandeses se voltavam para o ensino de Matemática nas escolas de níveis básicos. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que há possibilidade de articulação entre essas abordagens, especialmente ao ensino da Matemática, uma vez que a TAE destaca a atividade humana como fonte para o desenvolvimento da humanidade e que o processo de ensino e aprendizagem precisa considerar a formação histórico-cultural do sujeito; Freudenthal considera a matemática como atividade humana e enfatiza a necessidade de se adotar práticas que valorizam a “redescoberta” de conceitos matemáticos por meio de regaste histórico e cultural.
Acute toxicity of some expired insecticides on rats and their effects on some vital parameters and residues in the liver and kidney
Authors: Shalaby S. E. M. , Saber A. N. , Hussien M. , Alsubaie F. M. , Alminderej F. M. , Ali R. , Sara H. , Abdallah O. I. , Malhat F. M.
Published: September 2024

Abstract Little information is available on the adverse effects of expired pesticides on the environment, so it is essential to characterize the risk of these chemicals to non-target organisms. Therefore, this work aims to estimate and compare the acute toxicity (LD50) of unexpired and expired formulations of malathion, chlorpyrifos, and lambda-cyhalothrin in rats and to determine their residues in the liver and kidneys of treated rats. This is the first study to investigate the toxic effects of expired pesticides on rats. The acute toxicity of expired lambda-cyhalothrin was higher than that of non-expired rats, while the opposite was observed in rats treated with malathion and chlorpyrifos. All formulations tested caused clinical signs of toxicity in the treated rats. The data showed that some expired formulations significantly affected body weight and estimated vital signs compared to non-expired pesticides. The data showed that the highest residues were found in the liver and kidneys of rats treated with both malathion formulations, followed by chlorpyrifos; however, the lowest residues were found in rats treated with lambda-cyhalothrin, which can be referred to as LD50 values of the insecticides tested. The residues detected after the 10th dose gradually decreased at the end of the recovery period, and their losses ranged from 80.0 to 95.4% in the liver and from 92.3 to 99.99% (undetectable). The results show that the toxic effects of expired and non-expired formulations are different. This underlines the need to dispose of expired compounds carefully to prevent their discharge into the ecosystem.
Production, biometrics and physicochemical analysis of bell pepper fruits fertilized with biochar from different residues
Authors: Laurentino Laysa G. de S. , Fernandes Josely D. , Chaves Lúcia H. G. , Monteiro Filho Antonio F. , Corrêa Elida B. , Castro Deise S. de
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Bell pepper, a crop of nutritional importance, stands out for its vitamin C content. Given the need for sustainable agricultural practices, the present study explored the use of biochars derived from regional waste as an alternative in bell pepper cultivation. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of biochars from poultry litter, coconut fiber, and rice straw on the biometric and physicochemical characteristics of bell pepper fruits, on fruit production per plant and on fruit yield. The experiment was performed in the field in a randomized block design, in a 5 × 3 + 1 factorial scheme, referring to five doses of biochar (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 t ha-1) and three types of biochar (coconut fiber, poultry litter, and rice straw) with four repetitions, plus an additional treatment (mineral fertilization). Biometric variables (fruit length and diameter, skin thickness, number of fruits, fruit mass) and physicochemical variables of the fruits (soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, vitamin C, and ash content), production and yield of the fruits were evaluated. The production of bell pepper fruits was not influenced by biochars, but the doses of biochars influenced all variables analyzed with the exception of skin thickness. Vitamin C and soluble solids contents were higher in treatments with biochar and lower with mineral fertilizer. Biochar produced from rice straw had the greatest influence on fruit acidification.
Patrones de género y territoriales en la distribución del prestigio académico. El caso de los Premios Nacionales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba (2014-2023)
Authors: Fowler Berenguer Kenneth , Sánchez Rivero Rubén
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analizar, a partir de una metodología cuantitativa, los patrones de género y territoriales en el conjunto de los trabajos reconocidos con los Premios Nacionales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba durante el periodo de 2014 a 2023.
Métodos: El conjunto de autores, y sus relaciones dentro de los grupos de firmantes de cada trabajo, se modelaron con una red de coautoría. Los autores se agruparon de acuerdo al sexo y la provincia de su filiación institucional, y se comparó el efecto de estas agrupaciones en la distribución de un indicador de centralidad, que fue empleado como estimador del prestigio autoral. Se comparó además el porcentaje de participación femenina por premio en cada una de las ramas de la ciencia.
Resultados: El análisis de la distribución del indicador de centralidad, reveló que, independientemente de la agrupación por sexos, los autores de la capital tienen un puntaje estadísticamente superior a sus contrapartes del resto del país. Se observó además que los patrones de participación femenina en cada rama de la ciencia son consistentes con las dinámicas de feminización y masculinización de las distintas disciplinas académicas en el país, que han sido evidenciadas por las estadísticas oficiales y por los resultados de otras investigaciones científicas.
Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos contribuyen a señalar las desigualdades en las dinámicas de participación en la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación que persisten en el país; y como estas se reproducen a su vez en los espacios de mayor legitimación social de la actividad.
DESAFIOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS SISTÊMICAS PARA A TRANSIÇÃO SUSTENTÁVEL DOS SISTEMAS ALIMENTARES
Authors: Favarão Cesar
Published: September 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir os principais desafios para a implementação de políticas integradas e sistêmicas, com vistas à transição sustentável dos sistemas alimentares. Para tanto, foi utilizada como objeto a estratégia Farm to Fork, elaborada pela União Europeia para promover uma transição justa e sustentável nos sistemas alimentares do continente. Com base na análise de documentos, planos, relatórios e artigos, foi possível identificar quatro desafios principais para a implementação da estratégia: i) prevalência do viés setorial dos investimentos no fomento a nichos; ii) concentração dos investimentos nos setores convencionais e fragilidade dos instrumentos para condicionar as ações das corporações; iii) baixa incidência dos incentivos institucionais e econômicos sobre a diversidade dos modelos produtivos; e iv) pouco investimento nas ações de caráter territorial.