bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison between intracameral ceftazidime & cefuroxime for the prevention of post-operative endophthalmitis
Authors: Amjad Arooj , Moin Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of intracameral injection of ceftazidime and cefuroxime during cataract surgery for the prevention of post-operative endophthalmitis.

Study Design: Quasi experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Ophthalmology Department Unit-1, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore.

From November 2016 to March 2018.

Material and Methods: Patients undergoing cataract surgery in the eye department were selected by convenient sampling to receive prophylactic intracameral antibiotics at the end of routine cataract surgery. Patients were divided into two groups; group A received Cefuroxime and group B received Ceftazidime both as 1 mg /0.1ml intracameral injections at the end of the surgery after wound hydration and before chamber formation. The patients were examined pre and post operatively on slit lamp and the number of cells in the anterior chamber (A/C) were counted on day 1, week 1 and week 6 after surgery.

Results: Out of total 260 patients 130 were allocated to each group. On first post-operative day in Group A, A/C cell counts were grade 1 in 22 patients, grade 2 in 93 patients, grade 3 in 14 patients and Grade 4 in 1 patient. In group B, A/C cell counts were grade 1 in 11 patients, grade 2 in 96 patients, grade 3 in 20 patients and grade 4 in 3 patients. After one week, in group A, cell counts were grade 0 in 27 patients, grade 1 in 100 patients, grade 2 in 2 patients and grade 4 in 1 patient. While in group B, A/C cell counts were Grade 0 in 23 patients, grade 1 in 102 patients, grade 2 in 3 patients and grade 3 in 2 patients. After 6 weeks no patient in any group showed any activity in the anterior chamber.

Conclusion: There is little difference in efficacy of intracameral ceftazidime antibiotic prophylaxis as compared to the intracameral cefuroxime.
•	TITLE: Comparison of intracameral injection with subconjunctival injection of dexamethasone for postoperative inflammation in congenital cataracts
Authors: Rana Afia Matloob , Raza Ali , Akhter Waseem
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: Cataract affects a huge population around the globe and equally affects Pakistani population. Children with congenital cataract presents with huge deformity and dependence, the consequences are lifelong if not treated with better management at right time. In this study we aimed at comparing intracameral and subcojunctival injection of dexamethasone in congenital cataract in terms of postoperative inflammation.

Purpose: The purpose of our study is comparing the role of intracameral injection with subconjunctival injection of dexamethasone in preventing immediate postoperative inflammation after congenital cataract extraction and to make the ground for better option for programmatic implementation in these cases.

Study Design: Randomized control trial

Place and duration of study: Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi since june 2014 to May 2015.

Material and methods: In this RCT, 190 children with congenital cataract were enrolled in the department of ophthalmology, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Patients were selected using a random table, 95 cases each in intracameral injection and subconjunctival injection of dexamethasone groups.The study duration was one year from june 2014 to May 2015. Ethical approval was granted by hospital ethics committee and patients were administered a written informed consent at enrolment. The outcome measure was intraocular inflammation after surgery for extraction of cataract.

Results: Male cases were in majority in group B (58.9%) whereas in group A females (55.8%) were in majority. Mean age was6.43 ± 4.69 years in Group-A compared to 5.85 ± 4.10 years in Group-B. Frequency of posterior synechiae (inflammation) was 4.21% (n=4) in Group-A (intracameral) compared to 15.79% (n=15) in Group-B (subconjunctival) which was significantly different (p-value, 0.007).

Conclusion: Intracameral injection is better than subjunctival injection of dexamethasone in the management of post-operative inflammation in children with congenital cataract.
Role of topical cyclosporine in prevention of pterygium recurrence, after primary excision.
Authors: Ahmed Munawar
Published: January 2020

Role of topical cyclosporine in prevention of pterygium recurrence, after primary excision.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of cyclosporine on pterygium recurrence after primary excision

Study Design: Non randomized prospective comparative study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the department of Ophthalmology Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro from 2015 to 2017

Material and Methods: One hundred and thirty eyes of 65 patients having bilateral pterygium, at least 2mm encroaching on the cornea, were randomly selected for study. After informed consent patient was seen on slit lamp, the dimensions of pterygium was measured. The eye with more pterygium was selected for post-operative cyclosporine and was named as cyclo- eye and fellow eye was selected for simple excision and was named as non-cyclo eye. Immediate post-operative treatment was tobramycin dexamethasone eye ointment twice and moxifloxacine eye drops three times daily until corneal epithelium was restored, followed by moxifloxacine and Cyclosporine eye drops twice daily until complete healing of ocular surface occurred and then cyclosporine 0.05% alone once daily in the evening up to three months. In the fellow eye tobramycin dexamethasone eye ointment and moxifloxacine eye drops were used for complete healing time followed by tears alone three times for three months. Recurrence was defined as 1mm encroachment of pterygium on the cornea. Follow up was done for six months.

Results: Fifty-three patients who completed 6 months follow were only included in the results. In cyclo-eyes recurrent pterygium was observed only in 04(07.55%) and in non-cyclo eyes recurrence was observed in 23(43.40%). Therefore, cyclosporine was able to reduce pterygium recurrence further in 19(35.85%) eyes, but healing time increased. Mean healing time in cyclo-eyes 21.1354 days and in non-cyclo-eyes 15.0213 days. Standard deviation in cyclo-eyes 1.3412 and in non-cyclo-eyes 1.0413. P-value was 0.002 and 0.004 respectively.

Conclusion: Cyclosporine is effective in reducing the recurrence rate of pterygium.

Key words: Pterygium, cyclosporine, recurrence
To study the safety of topical anesthetic eye drops among different patients for month after opening
Authors: Abid Dr. Mehr-un-Nisa , Malik Dr. Irfan Qayyum , Malik Dr. Irfan Qayyum , Irshad Dr. Muhammad Wasif
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose: To find out if we can use topical anesthetic eye drops among different patients for one month after opening the bottle without any risk of causing corneal or conjunctival infections and endophthalmitis.Study Design: Experimental studyPlace and duration of study: Department of Ophthalmology DHQ Teaching Hospital, Gujranwala from 22nd May 2018 to 22nd June 2018.Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study in which topical anesthetic eye drops containing proparacaine hydrochloride 0.5% were tested daily to see if any bacterial/fungal growth occurs in the bottle containing eye drops or not. Same bottle was used in patients presenting in outdoor and indoor departments. Samples taken from the bottle contents were cultured on different media to see growth of fungi or bacteria if any.Results: After 1 month of daily culturing on agar plates, no micro-organism growth was seen.Conclusion: Topical anesthetic eye drops containing proparacaine hydrochloride as the main ingredient and benzalkonium chloride as the preservative (Alcaine®) can be used safely for 1 month after opening in different patients without any risk of causing infectious keratitis, conjunctivitis or endophthalmitis.Keywords: Topical anesthetic, Culture medium, Risk factor, Endophthalmitis
Comparison of Post Inflammatory Pattern between Intracameral Ceftazidime and Cefuroxime Used for the Prevention of Post-operative Endophthalmitis
Authors: Sameer Nagi Muhammad Moin Arooj Amjad
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To compare the post operative inflammatory pattern after phacoemulsification in patients receiving intra-cameral injection of ceftazidime and cefuroxime per-operatively for the prevention of post-operative endophthalmitis. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Ophthalmology Department Unit-1, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from November 2016 to March 2018. Material and Methods: Patients undergoing phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation were divided into 2 groups by convenient sampling. Group A received Cefuroxime and group B received Ceftazidime both as 1 mg/0.1ml intra-cameral injections at the end of the routine surgery. The patients were examined pre and post operatively on slit lamp and the number of cells in the anterior chamber (A/C) were counted on first day, first week and 6 weeks after surgery. Results: Out of 260 patients there were 130 in each group. On the first post-operative day in group A there were grade 1 cells in A/C in 22 patients, grade 2 in 93 patients, grade 3 in 14 patients and Grade 4 in 1 patient. In group B there were grade 1 cells in A/C in 11 patients, grade 2 in 96 patients, grade 3 in 20 patients and grade 4 in 3 patients. After one week, in group A, cell counts were grade 0 in 27 patients while in group B, cell counts were grade 0 in 23 patients. After 6 weeks no patient in any group showed any activity in the anterior chamber. Conclusion: There is little difference in post operative inflammatory pattern of intracameral ceftazidime antibiotic prophylaxis as compared to intracameral cefuroxime. Key Words: Endophthalmitis, Cataract Surgery, Cefuroxime, Ceftazidime.
Comparison of Intralesional Kenacort Injection Versus Surgical Intervention for Primary Chalazion
Authors: Muhammad Nasir Bhatti Narain Das, Asma Shams Beenish Khan
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of intralesional steroid injection versus surgical intervention (Incision and Curettage) in Primary Chalazion. Study Design: Prospective, comparative and interventional hospital based study. Place and Duration of Study: Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari and Sindh Government Lyari General Hospital, Karachi from 15th October, 2016 to 15th April, 2017. Material and Methods: All patients diagnosed with chalazion on clinical basis from the Outpatient department of Ophthalmology were included in the study. All patients were randomly divided into two groups with 25 patients in each group. Group 1 received intralesional 0.2 ml triamcinolone acetonide while Group 2 received surgical intervention (Incision and Curettage). Results: There were 50 eyes of 50 patients between the age group of 15 to 40 years and of either gender. Mean age was 25 � 12.2 with male to female ratio of 2:1. There were 19 (76%) patients who achieved complete resolution of chalazion after intra-lesional triamcinolone acetonide in group I and there were 21 (84%) patients out of 25 who achieved complete resolution of chalazion after incision and curettage in group II. No ocular complication such as bleeding, elevation of intra ocular pressure, eye lid de-pigmentation or any loss of vision in either group was observed. Conclusion: Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection is nearly as effective as surgical treatment (incision and curettage) in primary chalazion. Keywords: Triamcinolone, Chalazion, Eyelid Diseases.
Effect of Short-term Use of Oral Contraceptive Pills on Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Rabail Alam Tayyaba Gul Malik, Hina Nadeem Eiman Ayesha
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To study the effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intra-ocular pressures of women of childbearing age. Study Design: Observational case control study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Arif memorial teaching hospital and Allied hospital Faisalabad from October 2017 to March 2018. Material and Methods: There were 100 female subjects, who were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A, included females, who had been taking oral contraceptive pills (OCP) for more than 6 months and less than 36 months. Group B, included 50 age-matched controls, who had never used OCP. Ophthalmic and systemic history was taken. Careful Slit lamp examination was performed and intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured using Goldman Applanation tonometer. Fundus examination was done to rule out any posterior segment disease. We compared the intra ocular pressures between the two groups by using Student t test. Results: Average age was 29.16 in group A and 27.74 years in group B. Average duration of using OCP was 14.9 months. Mean IOP in right eye was 13.08 � 1.41 mm of Hg and 13.34 � 1.27 mm of Hg in left eye in Group A. While, mean IOP in right eye was 11.72 � 1.35 mm of Hg and in left eye was 11.92 � 1.3 mm of Hg in controls. Significant difference was noted between the IOP of OCP group and controls. (p = 0.000). Conclusion: OCP significantly increases IOP even when used for short time period. Key words: Oral contraceptive pills, Intra-ocular pressure, Glaucoma.
To Study the Safety of Multi-dose Topical Anaesthetic Eye Drops One Month after Opening
Authors: Muhammad Wasif Irshad Mehr-un-Nisa Irfan Qayyum Malik
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To determine the risk of ocular infections due to topical multi-dose anaesthetic eye drops in patients one month after opening the bottle. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and duration of study: Department of Ophthalmology DHQ Teaching Hospital, Gujranwala from 22nd May 2018 to 22nd June 2018. Materials and Methods: In this study topical anaesthetic eye drops containing proparacaine hydrochloride 0.5% as main ingredient and benzalkonium choride as preservative (Alcaine�) were tested daily to see if any bacterial/fungal growth occurs in the bottle containing eye drops or not. Same bottle was used in patients presenting in outdoor and indoor departments. Samples taken from the bottle contents were cultured on different media to see growth of fungi or bacteria. Patients who already had keratitis, conjunctivitis, corneal opacities, thin corneas and having dry eyes which were prone to get infected were excluded from this study. Results: There were 60 patients included in our study and they were divided in two groups. Group A included those who presented in the outdoor department and group B comprised of those admitted for various operative procedures. There were 30 patients in each group. All patients were adults (18-60 years). After 1 month of daily culturing on agar plates, no micro-organism growth was seen in both groups. Conclusion: Topical anaesthetic eye drops can be used safely for 1 month in different patients after opening the bottle without any risk of causing infectious keratitis, conjunctivitis or endophthalmitis. Keywords: Proparacaine, Culture medium, Endophthalmitis.
Assessing Development of Meta-Pragmatic Awareness in Study Abroad
Authors: Kinginger Celeste , Farrell Kathleen
Published: January 2020

The research reported herein is part of a larger project, sponsored by the Center for Advanced Language Proficiency Education and Research (CALPER), a National Foreign Language Resource Center at the Pennsylvania State University. This project aims to examine the achievement of foreign language learners in relation to the access to social and interactional affordances these learners negotiated in the host community during a study abroad sojourn in France in Spring, 2003.

The present paper explores a methodology for assessing learners’ meta-pragmatic awareness of variation in French language use. “Meta-pragmatic awareness” is defined as knowledge of the social meaning of variable second language forms and awareness of the ways in which these forms mark different aspects of social contexts, and is therefore “a crucial force behind the meaning-generating capacity of language in use” (Verschueren, 2000: 439). For this paper, we take as a test case for the study of this phenomenon the learners’ awareness and use of address forms, or the “T/V system” in French (Brown & Gilman, 1960). The “T/V system” (tu  versus vous  in French) is a key component of sociolinguistic competence in European languages, presenting a complex, dynamic, and inherently ambiguous matter of social indexicality, a case where knowledge of language form necessarily intersects with broader awareness of socio-cultural norms and personal identities (Morford, 1997; Mühlh.usler & Harré, 1990). The differential use of these pronouns offers a significant communicative resource conveying a range of meanings about the relationship between interlocutors, the context of the interaction, and the standing of the interactants in the wider social order.
“Hindsight is 20/20:” Student Perceptions of Language Learning and the Study Abroad Experience
Authors: Mendelson Vija G.
Published: January 2020

Gathering student opinions about study abroad experience proves an effective way to address some of the issues these assumptions raise. In this project, 31 students who attended UMass Amherst (UMass) 2002 Salamanca Summer Program (four weeks) and 14 students who attended the UMass 2002 Granada Fall Program (14 weeks) agreed to participate. Five of these students, who studied abroad a second time with the UMass 2003 Oviedo Spring Program (18 weeks), also participated in a follow-up to the main study.
Assessing the Impact of Study Abroad on Student Learning at Michigan State University
Authors: Ingraham Edward C. , Peterson Debra L.
Published: January 2020

Michigan State University (MSU) is strongly committed to the idea that study abroad is deeply beneficial and important for undergraduate students. However, there is a relative scarcity of systematically gathered qualitative and quantitative information that assesses the impact of study abroad. In the summer of 2000, MSU implemented a broad plan to design and put in place mechanisms for continuously assessing the impact of study abroad on students, on faculty, and on MSU as a whole. An institutional assessment committee was established to oversee the project, setting the general direction and goals of the project, with the day-to-day responsibility for the activities of the project delegated to staff members.

The project has proceeded inductively; that is, inferring general results from specific student and faculty responses. The results of the project were obtained primarily for internal MSU use. Therefore, while we recognize that our conclusions may be similar to some to be found in the literature, the discussion presented here is limited to these internal results, and not intended to be comparative. To this end, we have not undertaken a search of the existing literature in order to provide a bibliography and citations.
The Georgetown University Consortium Project: A Report from the Halfway Mark
Authors: Vande Berg Michael J. , Balkcum Al , Scheid Mark , Whalen Brian J.
Published: January 2020

For those of us collaborating on the project, the Georgetown University Consortium Project (GCP) represents both an end and a beginning. In its research design, this three-year assessment study is an end, the product of a series of conversations among education abroad professionals at Georgetown University, the University of Minnesota, Rice University and Dickinson College.2  The study is a beginning as well, the start of a process that will allow us to shed light on what types of experiences abroad promote meaningful knowledge and skills, and thereby to improve study abroad programming at our institutions. This report written at the half-way mark of the study—a year and a half into it— presents evaluative reflections on the progress and process of the GCP to date.
The Impact of Study Abroad on Business Students’ Career Goals
Authors: Orahood Tammy , Kruze Larisa , Pearson Denise Easley
Published: January 2020

This study seeks to understand the impact of studying abroad on business students and their career plans to determine whether study abroad experiences are all “hype,” or if they have “substance.” It considers study abroad experiences as “learning experiences,” providing first-hand and observational learning for developing associated skills (Krumboltz, 1979). Thus, this study assumes that a positive study abroad experience will lead towards a favorable international dimension in a given career. These dimensions would include a positive outlook on working in an international capacity, the development of skills useful to international business, and entry into a career with international involvement.
A Qualitative Approach to the Assessment of International Service-Learning
Authors: Tonkin Humphrey , Quiroga Diego
Published: January 2020

International service-learning combines aspects of conventional study abroad with aspects of conventional service-learning,1  offering an exceptional degree of integration into a target culture and an intensive experience of community service. The present study describes an effort to establish, through qualitative assessment, the degree to which such integration and experience actually take place, and their effects on the students involved. The target group is a single organization (the only such organization) with a twenty-year history of providing a range of intensive service-learning programs for American students outside the United States.
Intercultural Learning Assessment: The Link between Program Duration and the Development of Intercultural Sensitivity
Authors: Medina–López–Portillo Adriana
Published: January 2020

The study presented here aims to enhance our understanding of intercultural learning by focusing on the link between the development of intercultural sensitivity and the first of Engle and Engle’s key study abroad components, program duration.
Assessing Language Acquisition and Intercultural Sensitivity Development in Relation to Study Abroad Program Design
Authors: Engle Lilli , Engle John
Published: January 2020

The complexity of international education is such that it is far from easy to move towards significant, objectively measurable, and comparable outcomes. What follows is the preliminary examination of one attempt to generate and interpret meaningful statistical assessment of the study abroad experience, within the context of specifically defined study abroad program types. We will examine the data thus far generated, suggest its limitations, and appeal for a continued gathering of information. We will suggest a structured, coordinated, profession-wide assessment effort that will, we hope, gradually reveal a useful correlation between study abroad learning and the input of program variables such as duration, housing, experiential work and on-site mentoring. If, as a profession, study abroad is to invest in outcomes assessment, it would be sensible for such efforts to utilize profession-wide definitions and standards.
“Involve Me and I Will Understand”: Academic Quality in Experiential Programs Abroad
Authors: Steinberg Michael
Published: January 2020

In this essay, my aim is to demonstrate that experiential education is a laudable and creditworthy endeavor in study abroad, and to discuss some approaches designed to reinforce the academic side of experiential study. To set a framework, the first section is devoted to a description of the place of experiential programming at the Institute for the International Education of Students (IES), where I am Director of Academic Programs. IES is “traditional” in the sense that the core of our instruction is classroom-based in university courses and courses taught by IES faculty. We are not “traditional” in our commitment to a holistic model of international education and our willingness to experiment with different academic approaches to achieve our mission of student intercultural competence. After a discussion of some of the theoretical background of experiential education in the second section, the third and fourth sections will review some of IES’s recent research on credit acceptance and on student learning in experiential programming. The final section of this paper discusses assessment and the nature of academic programming for students in field placements, internships and service-learning.
The Global Voices: Is U.S. Higher Education Listening?
Authors: Berry Howard A.
Published: January 2020

Universities around the world are filled with young people eager to be challenged, impatient to experience the world directly, seeking a way to prove to themselves, and to others, their worth and value. Equally, the world is filled with the needy, those needing help and caring and skills. Is there a way to bring the human resource of university students and human need together? Is there a way to bring higher education into the broader and moral dimensions of the global world?
Howard A. Berry (1932-2002): Four Tributes
Authors: Berry Howard A.
Published: January 2020

This article includes four tributes to Howard A. Berry.
From Cicero to Mohammed Atta: People, Politics, and Study Abroad
Authors: Cluett Ronald
Published: January 2020

My own contribution to the literature on experiential learning is intended as a reminder that however novel the term, and however modern (indeed, post-modern) many of the issues surrounding it may be, the phenomenon itself is anything but new. Experiential overseas learning dates back at least as far as when young Romans traveled to Athens to study at the feet of the great philosophers and rhetors; it also enjoys a distinguished history in both Western and non-Western societies. The examples I have chosen—17th century Russia and 19th century China—are but two, particularly fascinating and well-attested, examples of what seems a persistent constellation of human impulses: to travel, to learn from travel, and to learn from travel by doing. Bureaucratic complexity and controversial policy and pedagogical issues are never far from these episodes of experiential learning over the centuries. My discussion concludes, for a number of reasons, with the most notorious foreign student of our time. For one thing, the ‘career’ of Mohammed Atta raises important questions that challenge our easy assumptions about cultural assimilation and the value of overseas vocational training. For another, his life and career both conform to and challenge an important paradigm I identify in experiential learning throughout history. Finally, his example reminds us that our appreciation of the novelty of our own experience is both confirmed and called into question by the search for historical context—learning how to learn from the past may take place more often in the library and the archives than in the field, but is no less experiential if undertaken seriously.
Women and Cultural Learning in Costa Rica: Reading the Contexts
Authors: Anderson Adele
Published: January 2020

This article reviews research on Costa Rica’s cultural context, student adjustment, and tourism theory as they relate to U.S. women student experiences there. It includes insights from ethnographic observations and interviews collected during three years of residential direction of a shortterm, small-group program in Costa Rica. It introduces an applied anthropological tool, based on a cultural learning model of participant observation, which may be used by study abroad practitioners to guide student cultural adjustment more systematically.
Development of Oral Communication Skills Abroad
Authors: Isabelli-García Christina L.
Published: January 2020

This study examines the impact of a semester study abroad experience in Argentina on the second language acquisition of three American university Spanish learners. The goal is to measure development of two aspects of oral communication skills: fluency and performance in the oral functions of narration, and description and supporting an opinion.
Subversión del docente universitario: ¿necesidad o vanidad?
Authors: Lemus Maestre José Gregorio
Published: January 2020

La renovación pedagógica en América Latina, ha generado todo un movimiento reflexivo sobre la formación del docente universitario, que se centra en el cuestionamiento de las concepciones, las prácticas pedagógicas y la participación en los procesos socio políticos de cambios y transformación social. Es así como, se hizo pertinente este estudio sobre el docente, sus prácticas, a partir de su formación y experiencia, como instancia para reflexionar sobre el ejercicio que éste desarrolla en el espacio universitario. Con autores como Bauman (2003), Freire (1997), Larrosa (1998, 2000); entre otros, se utilizó la metodología cualitativa de tipo documental, con el uso del análisis de contenido a través del cual se cumplió con el objetivo de desarrollar un conjunto de reflexiones que presentan nuevas relaciones en base a políticas de acción y formación humana subversiva del docente que  plantean una educación liberadora, innovadora, con identidad, centrada en el desarrollo de valores dirigidos hacia una acción más humanitaria, construida y ejercida colectivamente, con visión prospectiva, de equidad y calidad para todos.
Factores organizacionales que influyen en la generación de vinculación entre empresas y universidades
Authors: Valle Morales Ramón Antonio , Tapia Moreno Iván
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores organizacionales que influyen en la generación de vinculación entre empresas y universidades. Se asume una metodología mixta para la recolección y el análisis de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos en el método que forma parte de la investigación, en donde la muestra fue por conveniencia y estuvo constituida por diez (10) directivos de empresas a nivel estatal. Se utilizó como técnica la entrevista semi estructurada, fundamentada en un instrumento tipo guía de entrevista dirigido a todos los directivos de las empresas. Se revisan documentos especializados con el fin de realizar una disertación teórica inicial, tales como Pérez (2016), Alcántar y Arcos (2004), Chiang, et al (2008), Saavedra (2009), Strauss y Corbin (1990), entre otros. Los resultados indican que para la generación de vinculación entre las empresas y universidades es de gran relevancia que tengan conocimiento de los factores organizacionales que permitan la generación de proyectos de vinculación. Así mismo, con base a los resultados obtenidos se desarrolló propuesta de modelo basado en teoría fundamentada que incluye los factores internos, trabajo colaborativo, desarrollo de talento humano, área de vinculación y tipo de vinculación como factores organizacionales identificados durante el proceso de teoría fundamentada. El artículo propone un punto de partida para realizar investigaciones futuras que permitan corroborar su utilidad y puesta a punto. La necesidad de trabajo futuro es clara, sobre todo para dar seguimiento a los hallazgos encontrados durante el desarrollo de la investigación.
Gamificación en la enseñanza de las matemáticas: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Holguin García Fresia Yanina , Holguin Rangel Edys Galo , Garcia Mera Nelly Araceli
Published: January 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo examinar la evidencia existente sobre la incidencia del uso de softwares (aplicaciones) gamificados en el mejoramiento del rendimiento de los estudiantes en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, este estudio se basa en un revisión sistemática de la literatura, por ello se utilizaroncomo fuentes de información las bases de datos: Dialnet, Redalyc, ScienceDirect y Scopus. Respecto a los criterios de selección y de calidad se determinó: incluir todas las publicaciones entre los años 2014 al 2019 y cuya procedencia se derive de revistas indexadas, publicaciones académicas arbitradas otesis de postgrado; además, el contenido debía versar sobre rendimiento académico en las matemáticas y guardar relación directa con las preguntas de investigación. Dichos aspectospermitieron recopilar ocho artículos que fueron examinados de manera cualitativa. Como resultado principal de esta investigación se obtuvo que lagamificación puede incidir significativamente en el mejoramiento del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes siempre que las aplicaciones utilizadas estén diseñadas bajo parámetros cognitivos adecuados, se cimienten en elementos gamificados y el docente acompañe dicho proceso.
Auditoría Forense: Estrategia para prevenir y mitigar la apropiación indebida de activos en estaciones de combustible en México
Authors: Garrido León María José , Mapén Franco Fabiola de Jesús , Rosas Castro Jorge Alberto
Published: January 2020

El propósito principal de la investigación fue proponer procedimientos de auditoría forense para prevenir y mitigar la apropiación indebida de activos en estaciones de combustible en el estado de Tabasco, México considerando las aportaciones teóricas de Rozas (2009), Buchahin (2015), Márquez (2018), Campos, Castañeda, Holguín y Tejero (2017), entre otros autores relacionados con la auditoría forense, el fraude de malversación de activos y la evaluación del control interno. El diseño de la investigación fue no experimental con enfoque cualitativo, las técnicas de investigación que se aplicaron fueron la observación directa y revisión documental, siendo el conocimiento preliminar de los procedimientos de las estaciones de combustible del Grupo ORSAN, la base para diseñar los instrumentos de investigación para evaluar el cumplimiento de los manuales de procedimientos y el control interno. Los resultados reflejaron debilidades en el control interno e indicios de fraude dentro de la empresa, se observaron inconsistencias entre la ejecución de ciertas actividades que no están contempladas en los manuales de procedimientos, así como comportamientos inapropiados por parte de los empleados en el manejo de efectivo. Los hallazgos se utilizaron para elaborar procedimientos de auditoría forense con enfoque preventivo a fin de disminuir el riesgo de fraude, permitiendo un mayor control de las operaciones. Las técnicas sugeridas contemplan la dactiloscopia, grafología, verificaciones oculares como la observación y revisión de los documentos comprobatorios que son parte del proceso de liquidación de turnos de trabajo, la verificación documental y escrita e inspección física de los productos y lubricantes que maneja la empresa.
Producción y comercialización de champiñones en la provincia del Azuay-Ecuador. Estudio de factibilidad
Authors: Mogrovejo Lazo Alberto Esteban , Arias Abad Diego Manolo , Vidal Astudillo Boris Esteban
Published: January 2020

El emprendimiento forma parte de los pilares del desarrollo económico de un país. Al indagar en el sector agroalimentario, específicamente en el rubro de champiñones en la provincia del Azuay, su producción y comercialización es nula. Al no existir cultivos que satisfagan la demanda de este producto en la región, es una oportunidad para las provincias de Pichincha y Guayas quienes se constituyen en los principales productores en el país. En este sentido, con el afán de fomentar nuevos negocios en la región austral del Ecuador, se plantea como objetivo estudiar la factibilidad en la producción y comercialización del cultivo antes mencionado en la provincia del Azuay-Ecuador, pues este tipo de hongos es demandado en la zona urbana de la ciudad de Cuenca y sus alrededores. La investigación se plantea como una investigación de tipo mixta; por un lado, utiliza datos cualitativos sobre la siembra del champiñón y otros asociados con la conformación de emprendimientos de este tipo, apoyándose en autores como Marulanda y Morales (2016), Fuentes y Anido (2007), Vargas (2002) y Luna y Sarmiento (2019), entre otros; y por el otro, datos cuantitativos relativos a costos, ventas y utilidades. Los resultados indican la viabilidad en la producción del rubro de champiñón, siendo su valor actual neto (VAN) de US$159.613,96; una tasa interna de retorno (TIR) del 78,66% estando por encima de la media del mercado, su índice beneficio/costo (B/C) de US$3,89 mayor a 1 que demuestra la rentabilidad del proyecto; y obteniendo un punto de equilibrio en un año. Se concluye que la producción y comercialización del champiñón es factible y puede emplazarse en dicha región.
Gestión de talento humano para la mejora laboral en el banco solidario
Authors: Castro Vivar Karla Verónica , Luna Altamirano Kléber Antonio , Erazo Álvarez Juan Carlos
Published: January 2020

El Banco Solidario ubicado en la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador, es considerado una institución financiera solvente de servicio a la sociedad cuencana desde el año 2006 hasta la presente fecha; sin embargo, en dicha institución se evidencia la carencia de una comunicación adecuada entre los funcionarios. El objetivo es diseñar un Modelo de Gestión de Talento Humano, con el propósito de mejorar el desempeño laboral de los empleados dentro de esta institución financiera. Entre los principales autores que sostienen esta investigación, están Robbins y Coulter (2010), Chiavenato (2009), Restrepo y Ravagli (2009) y Tejada (2003), entre otros; es de orden descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo que se apoya en el método deductivo. Se diseñaron encuestas dirigidas al personal de rangos jerárquicos con mayor conocimiento en esta área, quienes aportaron información relevante para el cumplimento del objetivo planteado. Los resultados arrojan excesivas horas de trabajo y baja remuneración salarial, además de la excesiva rotación de personal que no permite el compromiso laboral de los empleados del Banco Solidario. En función de ello, se propuso un modelo de gestión de talento humano para una correcta contratación del recurso humano, en función de un perfil establecido, de manera que se garantice su permanencia en la organización y por ende su estabilidad. Se tratará de reducir la rotación de personal ampliando el compromiso laboral. La institución financiera al contar con un talento humano comprometido con los ideales institucionales fidelizara a todos los trabajadores y con ello encaminarse al éxito empresarial.
Real inclusion or simulation? An exploration of advertising campaigns and the gay community in Mexico
Authors: Martinez Martinez Cinthya Janette , Montiel Mendez Oscar Javier , Rodriguez Lucio Claudia Ivette , Tovar Herrera Jose Roberto
Published: January 2020

The gay community has generally been stereotyped and excluded from spaces in our society. This is reflected in political or commercial advertising campaigns, with those that have been inclusive being very scarce at a global level. With the aim of analyzing the mechanisms in the current dynamics of advertising campaigns, the present case study makes a literature review and a reflection on this social fact, addressing the feasibility and need to give voice to this community, making a critical analysis of the importance of being inclusive in today's society, suggesting a proposal based on Gross (2001) model applied in advertising campaigns for the gay community in Mexico, and Moreno (2006), that could lead to a huge potential for both Mexican companies and advertising agencies to address this community, not only as a market element, but also as an element of social justice. The results suggest that the existing gap in advertising is evident both in Mexico and Latin American context and including these communities seems to be relevant for both its economies and societies.
Una poética sociológica de la ciencia ficción
Authors: Alfaro Vargas Roy
Published: January 2020

Esta traducción del ensayo de Darko Suvin, titulado On the Poetics of the Science Fiction Genre, trata de llenar el vacío teórico y poético dentro del creciente desarrollo de la ciencia ficción latinoamericana, con el fin de ofrecer un material de discusión para críticos y autores de ciencia ficción. Suvin plantea aquí algunos conceptos clave de su poética sociológica, como el concepto de extrañamiento cognitivo y el de novum. Asimismo, se establecen algunas diferencias importantes entre el género de la ciencia ficción y otros géneros (por ejemplo: los cuentos de hadas y la fantasía).
Entrevista a Abraham Magendzo Kolstrein sobre la enseñanza de los derechos humanos
Authors: Gárate Francisco , López-Andrada Concepción , Ocampo González Aldo , Pincheira Luis
Published: January 2020

Al abordar la enseñanza de los Derechos Humanos en el contexto de América Latina es necesario situar como figura relevante al profesor Abraham Magendzo. Durante esta conversación caracterizada por el análisis del presente, pero también por la memoria y el recorrido histórico de la educación en Derechos Humanos especialmente en Chile, se destaca la dificultad a la hora de desarrollar proyectos educativos en los que toda la comunidad educativa tome consciencia de la importancia de la materia en Derechos Humanos. El elemento interdisciplinar y transversal debe ser el motor que canalice estas propuestas desde y para la democracia y la inclusión. El entrevistador se cuestiona de forma principal, acerca de cómo se ha asumido que la educación en Derechos Humanos debe ser una formación limitada a los sufrientes u oprimidos, cuando debería ser un proceso que alcanzara a toda la ciudadanía. Asimismo, la enseñanza y aprendizaje en Derechos Humanos según Magendzo, debería empezar desde edades muy tempranas en los estudiantes, ya que estos están asociados a comportamientos que se reflejarán en las aulas. Finalmente, los desafíos que propone el entrevistado pasan por la formación del profesorado, el compromiso y por la búsqueda constante de la rigurosidad en la materia.
Díaz Montiel, Zulay C. (2017). Raúl Fornet – Betancourt: Intersubjetividad, Diálogo y Ética Intercultural. Una Interpretación desde la Filosofía Latinoamericana. Brasil: Nova Petró-Polis: Nova Harmonia/Universidad Del Zulia. Venezuela
Authors: Capera Figueroa José Javier
Published: January 2020

La necesidad de seguir promoviendo temas no vistos de forma positiva por los grupos cerrados del poder, y aquellos que han hecho de la academia grupúsculos tradicionales, sistémicos y funcionales a los intereses de los de arriba, se constituye en una apuesta de ir a contra-corriente de ese tipo de historia y asumir un compromiso ético-político en función de las luchas, los sentimientos y las emociones de los grupos de abajo...
Hubungan Antara Tingkat Pengetahuan Keluarga Tentang Tuberkulosis Paru Dengan Penggunaan Masker Medis
Authors: Yusanti Winda , Pambudi Hubertus Agung , Budi Raharjo Sofyan
Published: January 2020

Penyakit tuberculosis (TB) paru membutuhkan pengobatan secara tuntas, karena dapat menyebabkan komplikasi yang berujung pada kematian. TB Paru merupakan masalah kesehatan yang dihadapi dalam dunia global. Pengetahuan yang baik apabila tidak ditunjang dengan sikap positif yang diperlihatkan akan mempengaruhi seseorang untuk berperilaku. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan keluarga tentang TB Paru dengan penggunaan masker medis di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ngesrep, Gajah Mungkur, Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitan berjumlah 70 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner tingkat pengetahuan dan kuisioner penggunaan masker medis. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi-square. Tingkat pengetahuan tentang TB Paru di wilayah Puskesmas Ngesrep Gajah Mungkur, Semarang, dengan kategori baik 37% (26 responden), tingkat pengetahuan sedang sebesar 36% (25 responden), dan tingkat pengetahuan buruk  sebesar 27% (19 responden). Perilaku penggunaan masker pada keluarga di wilayah Puskesmas Ngesrep Gajah Mungkur Semarang, dengan kategori baik sebesar 37,1% (26 responden), perilaku penggunaan masker sedang sebesar 30% (21 responden), dan perilaku penggunaan masker buruk sebesar 32,9% (23 responden). Terdapat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku penggunaan masker di wilayah Puskesmas Ngesrep Gajah Mungkur Semarang, dengan nilai p value< 0,043.
Meningeomas Múltiples Intracraneales en ausencia de Neurofibromatosis. Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Benavides Burbano Camilo Armando , Díaz Medina John Alexander , Osorio Bohórquez Alejandro , Díaz Forero Andrés Felipe , Riveros Castillo William Mauricio
Published: January 2020

Los Meningiomas Múltiples (MM) se definen como la aparición de por lo menos dos meningiomas separados espacialmente y que ocurren al mismo tiempo, o más de dos meningiomas que crecen secuencialmente desde dos regiones claramente diferentes, no necesariamente del mismo subtipo patológico, sin la presencia de Neurofibromatosis. Los MM fueron descritos por primera vez en 1889; pero serian Cushing y Eisenhardt en 1938, los primeros en acuñar el término Meningioma y definir el significado de los MM o Meningiomatosis. Es una patología con una baja incidencia, generalmente de comportamiento benigno y de una presentación clínica variada que depende de la localización del meningioma. Actualmente, no se cuenta con una clara descripción fisiopatologica de la enfermedad, sin embargo, se han descrito alteraciones a nivel celular que promuven una diseminación clonal en las meninges. Su abordaje se debe realizar de manera múltidisciplinaria, descartando principalmente alteraciones de tipo genético. Adicionalmente, es necesario individualizar al paciente al momento de valorar el estado clínico y los hallazgos imageneologicos para determinar la necesidad de manejo quirurgico. A continuación se describe el caso de una paciente femenina de 48 años de edad atendida en el Hospital Universitario Mayor, con antecedente de resección de meningioma hace 10 años en región ponto cerebelosa y hace 2 años resección de meningioma en región frontal, a quien se le documentan mediante resonancia magnetica MM intracraneales, con estudio para neurofibromatosis negativo.
Od rytmizacji do oper i baletów. Wokół muzycznych inscenizacji Jana Dormana
Authors: Figzał-Janikowska Magdalena
Published: January 2020

The paper addresses the issue of musicality in the theatre of Jan Dorman, in particular his last productions, in which music was a starting point for the staging concept. “Musical” thinking about the theatre always had a strong impact on Dorman’s creative process. His first productions included children’s songs and counting rhymes, and this led to a rhythmisation of the text in the subsequent ones. Composing the spectacle along the lines of a musical score, which became the hallmark of Jan Dorman’s theatre, is especially prominent in his last theatre works inspired by larger musical forms, such as concert, ballet and opera. These performances represent a synthesis of various musical tropes and signs that were so characteristic of  Dorman’s theatre at various stages of its development.
Legitimising settlement of refugees: unpacking humanitarianism from a comparative perspective
Authors: Içduygu Ahmet , Ustubici Aysen , Aral Izem , Ayar Balacan
Published: January 2020

Refugee protection and humanitarianism have evolved hand in hand in the post- World War 2 era despite shortcomings. Since the 1980s however, we have witnessed a weakening of the international protection regime and a restrictive and securitised approach to asylum. The current situation of Syrian refugees has revealed that the international protection system falls short of efficiently responding to protracted refugees situations. In the context of selective and declining humanitarianism, our analysis moves from the international context to the national context to demonstrate how government officials legitimise receiving mass numbers of refugee. This article scrutinises the political discourse of refugee reception in Turkey and Germany as two countries receiving a high number of refugees. Through analysis of political statements in both countries between 2011 and 2016, we explore how international humanitarianism has taken different shapes in the discourse of government officials. Our findings reveal the general trend that humanitarianism in the case of refugee reception manifests itself selectively, reflecting not only humanitarian obligations stemming from international law but also political, cultural and economic priorities of governments.