bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Analysis of Subsidy Policies for Alternative Fuel Vehicles
Authors: Chen Peng Yu , Tseng Chao Heng , Lin Yen Kuang , Shih Yi Hsuan , Chen Yu Ling
Published: October 2011

The "Air Resource Co-benefits (ARCoB) Model" was developed in this study to integrated the health benefits from the reduction of criteria pollutants (the averted loss of life expectancy and annual medical expenditure) and the ecological benefits from the reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) (the averted carbon tax) from the promotion of the alternative fuel vehicles currently on the market. By questionnaire survey, the consumer preferences and willingness to pay for the alternative fuel vehicles in Taipei were analyzed. From cost-benefit analysis, the amount of money would be appropriate for government subsidy and reduction of the manufacturing cost for alternative fuel vehicles were suggested for the policy makers and automobile enterprises in this study. It could be a reliable reference for the subsidies policy.
Impact of Electric Vehicles on Power System through Vehicle to Grid Technology
Authors: Tu Yi Yun , Hu Rong , Li Can , Cheng Lin , Le Lin
Published: October 2011

Evaluating the possible impact on power system of a large number of electric vehicles (EVs) is becoming of great interest. With the development of V2G technology, electric vehicles constitute a significant power reserve. In addition, batteries in electric vehicles may be used to provide storage capability for energy produced by renewable sources and to supply auxiliary services to the grid. The paper presents the preliminary results of an on-going project aimed at evaluating the impact of electric vehicles on power system. The simulation results shows significant benefits of V2G on the daily load profiles and network planning. Hypotheses such as battery size, number of users, load profiles without and with different EV penetration are presented for successive scenarios set-up and simulations.
Constant Pressure Water Supply System Design Based on PLC & Frequency Converter
Authors: Ma Yong Li , Zhao Zhi Ying
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the current problems existing in the water supply system are analyzed, puts forward the constant pressure water supply system based on PLC& frequency converter, Introduces the composition structure, system function, working principle and safety measures. The fact proves that the way of water supply is stable, reliable and save energy.
The Water Resources Carrying Capacity & Strategy Research of Rizhao City
Authors: Cui Zhen Cai , Hu Jin Ling , Zhao De Yuan , Zhao Hong Li
Published: October 2011

Three kinds of calculations are used in this literature based on the calculating modes on water resources carrying capacity in my literature [2]. The different level year & different guarantee rate water resources carrying capacity of Rizhao City will be calculated by the water-using efficiency factor and environment contribution (baffled) factor of America in 2005. The different welfare level (living standard) water resources carrying capacity of Rizhao City when the water-using efficiency factor and environment contribution (baffled) factor changed and it when the pollutants receiving capacity decreases 20%. The conclusion compared to the calculation results got by the method in literature [3]. According to the water resource carrying capacity status quo of Rizhao City, the thesis puts forward with development strategy in three aspects to strengthen the water resource carrying capacity of Rizhao City: Engineering type, Structure type and Economy & technique type.
Research on Regional Differences and Convergence of Energy Efficiency in China
Authors: Zhang Jian Sheng
Published: October 2011

Basing on the input-output indicators, this paper analysed the regional energy efficiency of China by DEA model. The results showed: the energy efficiency in each region of China continues to be improved, but the rising speed was slow; the difference of energy efficiency in each region was great, specifically speaking, the east was the best and the middle was better and the west was the worst; from the convergence analysis on energy efficiency, it indicated that there was a convergence trend on energy efficiency in each region of China, and the eastern and middle regions were convergence, but it was divergent in the western region.
Response of Ecosystem Service Value to Land Use Change in Coastal Zone of Bohai Sea in Last 30 Years
Authors: Suo An Ning , Yu Yong Hai , Jiang Nan
Published: October 2011

Aimed to evaluate response of ecosystem service value to land use change in coastal zone of Bohai sea in last 30years, Series satellite remote sensing images obtained in 1988, 1998 and 2007 were employed to surveyed land use change integrated field surveying,firstly.Then an unit table of ecosystem services function value of main land use type was created. The response of ecosystem service value to land use change in 13 coastal zone regions of the Bohai sea in last 30 years was assessed. The result showed: the ecosystem service value lost 60.74×108RMB in coastal zone of Bohai sea caused by land use change in last 30years. Amony the 13 coastal zone region, the ecosystem service value increased only in Yantai coastal zone region and Dalian coastal zone region, there are 0.36×108RMB and 0.20×108RMB,respectively. While the ecosystem service value reduced in 11 coastal zone regions, such as Yingkou coastal zone region, Panjin coastal zone region, Binzhou coastal zone region, et al.the total lost value is 60.30×108RMB.
On Analysis of the Development of Chinese Regional Economy and Countermeasures
Authors: Wang Shu Guang , Jin Xiang Xin
Published: October 2011

Revitalizing regional economy is one of the economic development basic strategies in our country. Finance-taxation policies, as the main macroeconomic control legal means under the conditions of market economy, play a positive and key role in revitalizing regional economy, including the development process of special economic zones, southeast coastal open, developing western regions and revitalizing northeast old industrial base etc. Taking the preferential tax to the eastern coastal areas in regional economic development, financial system of weakening the Midwest financial capability, the limited role of equalization in financial transfer payment, and tax system of widening gap in development between regions into account, the author considered that some finance-taxation policies should be carried out, such as renovating the prevailing financial system, carrying out comprehensive finance-taxation policies, normalizing transfer payment system, and strengthening preferential tax policy.
Research Progress on Packaging Thermal Management Techniques of High Power LED
Authors: Zhang Jian Xin , Niu Ping Juan , Gao Da Yong , Sun Lian Gen
Published: October 2011

In order to dominate the lighting market, LED needs more electrical power to be driven for higher brightness, thereby increasing thermal power dissipation, which contributes to a high heat flux of 85W/cm2 within a recent typical high power LED chip. And the junction temperature has direct influence upon the light output efficiency, device life time, emitting wavelength and reliability of LED. Therefore, effective removal of heat to maintain a safe junction temperature is the key to meet the future flux per LED requirements. Compared with other individual thermal resistances along the thermal path, thermal design for much lower packaging thermal resistance is more critical to improve the performances of LED. In this paper, major present technical researches on packaging thermal management were analyzed for high power LED, and the advantages and shortcomings of these techniques were respectively summarized. Besides, some suggestions were provided for further research in this area.
A New Type of Energy-Saving Magnetic Amplifier Controlling Inductive Load
Authors: Yang Shuai , Xue Lan , Cheng Jian Sheng
Published: October 2011

A new type of energy-saving magnetic amplifier controlling current and voltage of inductive load has been designed. The energy-saving magnetic amplifier with two windings wrapped across one iron core column can change impedance of the main winding by means of PWM controlling AC excitation current. The energy-saving magnetic amplifier has not used a special adjustable DC voltage circuit, has overcome disadvantages of complicated manufacturing process for the traditional excitation amplifier.The application shows the energy-saving excitation amplifier can achieve stepless dimming for high pressure sodium lamp to good energy-saving effect. The use cost of excitation amplifier is lower as simple production process, so its promotional value is great.
Effect of Top-Layer Thickness on Residual Stresses of Plasma-Spraying Sm2Zr2O7/YSZ Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Zhang Hong Song , Sun Hong Chan , Chen Xiao Ge
Published: October 2011

In this paper, effect of top-layer thickness on residual stressess of plasma-spraying DCL coating of Sm2Zr2O7 and YSZ was studied by FEM. Results show that Radial stresses in DCL TBCs have similar distributions along horizontal distance which decrease gradually with increasing top-layer thickness. Radial stresses at YSZ layer/ bonding layer remians compressive stress state which is helpful to increase bonding strength the TBCs. Shear stresses transform gradually from tensile stress state to compressive stress state along horizontal distance, and they increase with increasing top-layer thickness. Axial stresses at top-layer/YSZ layer interface increase gradually with increasing top-layer thickness, however, axial stresses at YSZ layer/bonding layer interface were almost not effected by top-layer thickness.
Lighting Color Differences of LED Roadway Lamps and Regular Roadway Lamps
Authors: Tseng Kuo Hsiung , Kao Jin Zau , Chiu Juei Long
Published: October 2011

To reduce power consumption and attain goals of energy saving and carbon reduction, this study explored the possibility of replacing regular roadway lamps with LED roadway lamps, with focus on the comparison and analysis of lighting color differences. Computer vision system was used for color quantification to simulate human vision. We allowed for LED roadway lamps and various illuminants to irradiate on a 24-color chart to collect the displayed colors and color differences. The CIEDE2000 color difference equation was used to determine the difference between LED roadway lamp illuminants and D65 standard sources, and indicated different characteristics for different illuminants at different colors. The research results showed that lighting color difference values for LED roadway lamps was next to that of T8 luminous tubes and metal halide lamps (similar to D65 standard source). The LED roadway lamp can replace regular roadway lamps to become a predominant type in the future.
Experimental Study of a Novel Heat Pipe-Type Photovoltaic/Thermal System
Authors: Zhang Tao , Pei Gang , Fu Hui De , Ji Jie , Su Yue Hong
Published: October 2011

In order to solve the freezing problem associated with the traditional photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system, a novel heat pipe-type PV/T (HP-PV/T) system was designed and constructed in the present study. Outdoor tests were carried out from May to July, 2010. The performance of the system was also studied. The results showed that the average photothermal efficiency was 41.30% and the photoelectric efficiency was 9.42%. The average first law efficiency of the system was 48.52%, and the second law efficiency of 6.87%
The Use of Public Transport in Coastal Australia: Modes of Travel to Work and Greenhouse Emissions
Authors: Leao Simone , Elkadi Hisham
Published: October 2011

Commuting to work is one of the most important and regular routines of transportation in towns and cities. From a geographic perspective, the length of people’s commute is influenced, to some degree, by the spatial separation of their home and workplace and the transport infrastructure. The rise of car ownership in Australia from the 1950s to the present was accompanied by a considerable decrease of public transport use. Currently there is an average of 1.4 persons per car in Australia, and private cars are involved in approximately 90% of the trips, and public transportation in only 10%. Increased personal mobility has fuelled the trend of decentralised housing development, mostly without a clear planning for local employment, or alternative means of transportation. Transport sector accounts for 14% of Australia’s net greenhouse gas emissions. Without further policy action, Australia’s emissions are projected to continue to increase. The Australian Federal Government and the new Department of Climate Change have recently published a set of maps showing that rising seas would submerge large parts of Victoria coastal region. Such event would lead to major disruption in planned urban growth areas in the next 50 years with broad scale inundation of dwellings, facilities and road networks. The Greater Geelong Region has well established infrastructure as a major urban centre and tourist destination and hence attracted the attention of federal and state governments in their quest for further development and population growth. As a result of its natural beauty and ecological sensitivity, scenarios for growth in the region are currently under scrutiny from local government as well as development agencies, scientists, and planners. This paper is part of a broad research in the relationship between transportation system, urban form, trip demand, and emissions, as a paramount in addressing the challenges presented by urban growth. Progressing from previous work focused on private cars, this present paper investigates the use of public transport as a mode for commuting in the Greater Geelong Region. Using a GIS based interaction model, it characterises the current use of the existing public transportation system, and also builds a scenario of increased use of the existing public transportation system, estimating potencial reductions in CO2 emissions. This study provides an improved understanding of the extent to which choices of transport mode and travel activity patterns, affect emissions in the context of regional networks. The results indicate that emissions from commuting by public transportation are significantly lower than those from commuting by private car, and emphasise that there are opportunities for large abatment in the greenhouse emissions from the transportation sector related to efforts in increasing the use of existing public transportation system.
Researches on the Development of Mountain Leisure Tourism of Shiniuzhai Located in Hunan Province
Authors: Chen Chao Qun
Published: October 2011

Mountain tourism has always been popular in China from ancient time to nowadays. With the popularity of leisure tourism in China, Mountain leisure tourism is increasingly favored by the majority of tourists. Taking the development of Shiniuzhai Mountain Tourist Areas located in Hunan Province for example, based on the explanation of the geographic conditions, natural conditions, social conditions, the tourism resources are overall assessed and the tourism development strategies and safeguards are proposed in order to find a brand new way to develop the mountain leisure tourism.
Life Cycle Assessment of EI of Masonry Materials
Authors: Cao Xin Ying , Li Xiao Dong , Hu Yang
Published: October 2011

The wide usages of masonry materials in construction are always accompanied by great consumptions of energy and resource during their life cycle, so it is necessary to evaluate the EI of masonry materials objectively. This paper uses BEPAS, an LCA-based quantitative EI assessment system developed based on our previous studies, to assess the life cycle EI of three kinds of common used masonry materials: autoclaved flyash brick, sintered clay brick and aerated concrete block. Starting with establishing the environmental profiles at the producing, constructing and demolishing phases of these three materials respectively, the environmental impacts are categorized into three safeguard subjects: ecosystem damage, resources depletion and health damage. Then, based on WTP (willingness-to-pay) method and the updated monetization weighting factors, one integrated EI value per functional unit (10m3) of masonry partition wall is obtained. Finally, a comparative study is conducted on the EI values to analyze and compare the life cycle environmental performance of the three materials, resulting that autoclaved flyash brick is the most environmental friendly in a sharp contrast to sintered clay brick. Results also indicate that reusing more wastes, as well as reducing weight and increasing the volume of unit block are the most effective measures to improve the environmental performance for masonry materials.
Discussion on the Landscape Ecological Security
Authors: Ren Shao Hui , Zhou Yi Jing
Published: October 2011

Abstract The continuous development of modern industrial destruction of the natural environment, air pollution, soil erosion each year due to losses caused by numerous natural disasters, protect the natural has become an urgent need for sustainable development is the subject of study in various countries, this article from the ecological security the perspective of ecological security light above the importance of the modern landscape design.
Significance of Flyash in Producing Durable Eco-Friendly Concrete with Corrosion Inhibitor
Authors: Rajkumar V , Sundararajan R
Published: October 2011

The production of Portland cement, the principal binder in concrete, is a major contributor for 6-8% of human generated green house gases that are involved in global warming and climate change. But when flyash, which is the residue from coal-fired power plants is used as partial replacement of cement in concrete, results in the reduction of environmental load and concrete production cost besides enhancing strength and protection of embedded steel in concrete from corrosive agents. This paper investigates the influence of 30% replacement of cement by flyash on the strength and corrosion resistive properties of concrete along with Triethanolamine as corrosion inhibiting admixture at the dosage of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% by weight of cement. The specimens were tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength and bond strength. The resistance to corrosion is evaluated based on the performance of the concrete for the penetration of chloride ions by means of impressed current technique, half cell potential measurement and weight loss method. From the results obtained, it is found that flyash blended cement concrete increases the strength, reduces the permeability by the pozzolonic reaction, offers very good resistance against chemical attack and increases corrosion resistance with the addition of inhibitors.
Effect of Carbonation on the Microstructure of Concrete Containing Fly Ash and Expansive Admixture
Authors: Tu Liu Qing , Shui Zhong He , Chen Wei , Xu Wen Bing , Ma Jun Tao
Published: October 2011

The effects of carbonation on the microstructure of concrete containing fly ash and expansive admixture are investigated in this paper. Eight mix proportions of the concrete are designed in the experiment with the different replacement levels of the Portland cement with the fly ash and the expansive admixture. The specimens cured in accelerated carbonation condition for 3 days, 7 days and 28 days are used for macro and micro tests. MIP test is used to analyze the influence on internal pore structure of concrete by carbonation reacts. The changes of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 contents are measured with TG/DSC analysis. The results indicate that carbonation reaction can make concrete denser. Replacing Portland cement with fly ash and expansive admixture increases the carbonation rate of concrete and fly ash blended in concrete can improve the pore structure of concrete. Apart from the reaction of Ca(OH)2 and CO2, the carbonation reaction of other hydration product also exit in the accelerated carbonation process.
Thermal Design on Cement-Based Vitrified Microsphere Insulation Mortar Based on 65% Building Energy Efficiency Standard
Authors: Yang Jian Hui , Lv Ling Yan , Xiong Zhen Zhuan
Published: October 2011

With the 65% building energy efficiency standards being implemented, the existing external wall insulation technology will face severe challenges. The research and application of the high performance inorganic insulation materials are solicited, because the traditional organic insulation materials representative with polystyrene have some defects, such as poor fire resistance, poor durability, short service and no synchronous with the life of structure, and environmental pollution. After the big fires of the CCTV building in 2009 and the building under construction at Shanghai pudong south road NO.1 in 2010, October 8 in the morning being occurred, the new generation inorganic insulation materials represented by vitrified microsphere, are getting increasing attention. After the thermal simulation of external walls, roof, floor and windows being calculated, it is concluded that its energy-saving rate is far more than energy efficiency 50% standard, and which is close to energy efficiency 65% standard, even if taking only vitrified microsphere as the insulation mortar for outer walls of building.
Dispersion of Chrysotile Fibers in Wood-Plastic Composite
Authors: Sun Sheng Wei , Luo Jian Lin , Li Qiu Yi , Hao Feng
Published: October 2011

Raw chrysotile fiber (ChF) was dispersed in water through surfactant-decoration and vibromill-shearing process. Wood flour (WF) pretreated by the coupler was added into ChF/water mixture while high-speed stirring. After oven-dry, the WF/ChF mixture was filled in polypropylene (ChF/WPC) employing hot-press molding technique. Optical microscopy (OM) was employed to observe the dispersion of ChF in both water and WPC matrix. Mechanical and flame-retardant behaviors of ChF/WPC were further studied to verify the effectiveness of dispersion method of ChF. ChF can be well dispersed in water with SDBS penetrating and vibromill treatment from OM observation. The mechanical and fire-resisting properties of ChF/WPC are improved comparing with the plain WPC, there exists 59.72% increment in flexural strength of ChF/WPC with 10% ChF addition, and 61.97% increment in flammability retardant of ChF/WPC with 15% ChF addition.
Primary Exploration of the New Assessment Method on Green Building Which Based on the Environment Disturbance and Ecological Compensation
Authors: Jing You Yin , Zhang Jian Liang , Bai He
Published: October 2011

This paper proposes some suggestions to perfect our current green building assessment system. Green building and ecological building is undoubtedly the trend of construction industry. Green building assessment systems play a directional function for the design, the construction and the use of green architecture. This paper introduces the development of green building assessment system at China and other country firstly. Through the comparison and analysis for some kinds of green building assessment systems, found that that the applicability for buildings and areas and the fairness for ecological environment and surrounding people of current assessment system should be optimized. Finally，proposed that several aspects must be considered, and thus establish the new system-A Green Building Assessment Method Which Based on the Environmental Disturbance and Ecological Compensation.
Ancient Energy-Saving Housing - Earth-Dwelling Cave Residences
Authors: Tong Li Ping , Chen Zhi Ye
Published: October 2011

Earth-dwelling cave residences are houses rarely seen in the world with most typically local characters. They originated from and merged into nature, hidden deeply in the loess tableland with the characters of using local material, simply constructing, making little cost, adjusting themselves to climate and strongly recproducting. Deeply hidden in the soil layers, they fully use underground thermal energy and heat conservation of mulching soil to keep “winter warm and summer cool”, bearing the function of heat conservation, thermal insulation, energy storage and internal climate regulation, all of which is up to ecological principle. This paper has studied, from different aspects, the ecological quality of “zero energy consumption, zero emision ” of this kind of residence so as to spread over the deep architectural culture and ecological spirit that earth-dwelling caves have brought us in thousands of years.
Preparation and Characterization of a Form-Stable Phase Change Materials Composed by UF, Paraffin and Expanded Perlite
Authors: Xu Kun , Liu Shi Rong , Ni Zhong Bin , Chen Ming Qing , Mao Ming Fu
Published: October 2011

A kind of form stable phase change material (PCM) based on expanded perlite, paraffin, urea formaldehyde hybrids is prepared by using vacuum-impregnation process. This kind of form stable PCM is made of paraffin as a dispersed phase change material and expanded perlite as a supporting material, and urea-formaldehyde resins as membrane materials to be applied to the porous surface of expanded perlite(EP). The structure of urea-formaldehyde resins(UF) being prepared is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer(FT-IR). Hybrids’ thermal stability, latentheat and morphology are characterized by the thermogravimetry analysis(TGA), differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) Method and scanning electronic microscope(SEM), respectively. The FT-IR and SEM curves show that urea-formaldehyde resins have already been formed. The TGA analysis indicates that the form-stable phase change material has very good thermostability under working atmosphere. The application of DSC not only studies the appropriate curing time of UF，but also indicates that the form-stable PCM that has been prepared has more stable thermal energy storage performance than the traditional one.
Energy Saving Technology Measures of Green Building
Authors: Huang Yun Feng
Published: October 2011

The purpose of this paper is to solve problems in the development of energy saving green building in China. After the careful analysis of energy consumption today, factors affecting energy saving building was made, causes for problems were induced. Combined with the existing conditions, energy-saving building technology was proposed. The result of the research could play a positive role in promoting development of green building in China and solving the practical problems.
Fault Diagnosis and Fault Tolerant Control Research of a Flywheel Energy Storage System-a Survey
Authors: Yang Li Ping , Ren Zheng Yi , Yang Li Hong , Teng Wan Qing
Published: October 2011

The basic working principle of a Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS) is introduced. From the angle of failure detection means and fault types, the status and deficiency of the research on FESS Fault Diagnosis (FD) and Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) are reviewed. Moreover, the FESS FD and FTC methods are analyzed in detail. Finally, the deficiency, research hotspot and development trends of FESS FD and FTC are discussed.
Construction of Chinese Environmental Taxation System - A Case Study of Western China
Authors: Shan Jie
Published: October 2011

The thesis analyzes the validity of environmental taxation system construction, from the view angles of control of ecological pollution, increasing the utilization rate of resources and developing green industries. The thesis illustrates the status quo on Chinese environmental taxation system and each field of environmental undertakings. In the end, the thesis puts forward thoughts and proposals for constructing Chinese environmental taxation system covering government, enterprises and the public.
ENMS Study Based on GPRS System
Authors: Ma Yong Li , Zeng Xuan
Published: October 2011

This paper introduces a kind of ENMS system based on GPRS, according to the technical requirements for meter reading systems of residential area. It enables remote meter reading of residential area. In this article network diagram is Shown and the block diagram of meter reading management center and the main functions are explained. Compared with traditional implementations, the communication of the program design has obvious advantages.
Cultural Functions of Translation: Sustainable Development in the Context of Globalization
Authors: Wang Da Lai
Published: October 2011

This paper aims to account for sustainable development of different cultures in the context of globalization from the perspective of cultural functions of translation, which wield enormous power in constructing representations of the foreign culture and have far reaching effects in the target culture. According to cultural communication of translation, the major task of translation is to turn the cultural information in one language into another. Therefore, in the process of translating, the translator should try his utmost to allow his target language reader to acquire cultural information of the source text in order to promote mutual understanding between Western people and Eastern people and make different cultures co-exist peacefully and achieve sustainable development.
Catalystic Activity of Ethylbenzene Dehydrogenation with CO2 on the Mg-Fe and Mg-Al-Fe Catalysts
Authors: Li Xiao Hong , Wei Qin Yan , Li Wen Ying
Published: October 2011

Catalysts based on hydrotalcite-like precursors (Mg-Fe and Mg-Al-Fe) were synthesized by a co-precipitation method. The precursors and catalysts were characterised by XRD, TG, nitrogen physisorption, H2-TPR and Raman spectroscopy. The mixed oxides were applied in ethylbenzene dehydrogenation with CO2 and Mg-Al-Fe catalyst had better activity and stability. The improvement of Mg-Al-Fe in activities can be attributed to the better textural property and reduction property. There are two type of coke deposite on the catalysts and more coke deposit on Mg-Al-Fe catalyst.
Analysis of Bazimen Landslide Deformation Based on GPS
Authors: Tu Peng Fei , Wu Sheng Chao , Li Hong Tao
Published: October 2011

Rainfall infiltration and reservoir water level fluctuation are major factors inducing slope deformation. Taking nearly three years data of Bazimen landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and basing on the mathematical regression analysis method, a mathematical relationship among landslide deformation, water level and rainfall is established. And then the most adverse condition under the superposi¬tion of rainfall and reservoir water level is obtained.
Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters in Biodiesel Catalyzed by Shell based on Gas Chromatography
Authors: Zhang Yi Jun , Shen Xiao Zhen , Liu Sheng Yong
Published: October 2011

In order to analyze the content of fatty acid methyl esters, biodiesel was analyzed by gas chromatography method. Biodiesel was produced from the raw materials soybean oil and mussel shell catalysts. GC analysis was developed by using HP-innowax chromatographic column and FID detector. Undecanoic acid methyl ester was chosen as internal standard solution. The results show that five kinds of fatty acid methyl esters were linear at range 4 g•L-1～31 g•L-1 (γ≥0.9928). The average recovery rate was 98.28%～101.85%, and relative standard deviation was less than 0.31%. The coefficient of variance of precision was less than 1.59%. This GC method is simple, rapid and accurate and it will be the base for further research.
Degradation of Landfill Leachate by Combined Three-Dimensional Electrode and Electro-Fenton
Authors: Shi Yan , Yu Hai Chen , Xu Dan Yu , Zheng Xian Qiang
Published: October 2011

Three-dimensional-electrode electro-Fenton is a newly electrochemical oxidation technology to treat landfill leachate. In contrast, the removal efficiencies of COD and color in DSA system are obviously higher than those in iron anode system and the organics can be degraded more thoroughly. Under the optimal operating conditions, the removal efficiencies of COD, NH3-N and color in landfill leachate by DSA system are up to 80.8% ,55.2% and 98.6％. Besides, the reaction mechanism of three-dimensional-electrode electro-Fenton is also discussed.
Effect of Addition of Ce on the Catalytic Activity of Fe-Mn-O Catalyst for SCR of NOX with NH3
Authors: Zhao Hai , Xu You Ning , Guan Duo Jiao
Published: October 2011

Fe-Mn oxide and Ce-doped Fe-Mn oxide nanosized particles were studied on the structural and catalytic activities for SCR. The catalysts were characterized by TEM, TPR and BET study. Analysis data show that the addition of Ce improves the reduction performance of Fe-Mn species. It was found that the Ce promoted samples exhibited much better activities for SCR of nitric oxide with ammonia because of the promotion of the structural and redox properties.
A Preliminary Research on the Urban Renewal of Xi’an Inner City in 1990s
Authors: Bi Xiao Li , Liu Ben Teng
Published: October 2011

The background of urban renewal in Xi’an inner city in 1990s is introduced by 4 parts, and the drive force is demonstrated in the first instance. Based on the above, the entire process is compartmentalize three phases to be described. Finally, based on the shortage of the urban renewal, new strategic thinking was put forward to resolve the current problems.
Application of Mutative Scale Chaos Search in Detecting the Rotor Orientation of Permanent Magnetic Spherical Motor
Authors: Yong Ai Xia
Published: October 2011

The permanent magnetic spherical stepper motor model is introduced in this paper, random encoder is painted on the rotor surface, and outputs of 96 optoelectronic sensors are used to identify rotor orientation. Based on the special structure and rotational character, the paper uses an improved mutative scale chaos search algorithm to mapping the dynamics equation of chaos variable to the orientation space. When the number of either local minima or cycles is equal to the initial value, the search space is dynamically reduced. Simulation shows that the search method is simple and has ability of fast convergence to the goal orientation, thus the search efficiency is improved.
Comparative Study on Exergy Efficiency of Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) System
Authors: Wu Shuang Ying , Guo Feng Hua , Xiao Lan
Published: October 2011

A brief comparative study is presented regarding different exergy efficiency correlations of solar photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system that have been proposed in the literature. Performance evaluation results of a certain PV/T hybrid system are found to be inconsistent with each other when using different correlations of exergy efficiency. It is mainly due to that no consensus has been reached in the calculation of thermal exergy, solar radiation exergy and other causal factors. Also, the issues that need to be further investigated are briefly discussed. This study will be beneficial to the design and performance assessment of PV/T hybrid system.
Construction and Evaluation of Recombinant Strains for Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate
Authors: Zou Shao Lan , Zhang Chao , Ma Yuan Yuan , You Le , Zhang Min Hua
Published: October 2011

The recombinant Z.mobilis CX was constructed. Its ethanol concentration and ethanol yield from 2% xylose at 36 h were 6.73 g/L and 82.3% of theoretical yield, respectively. The recombinant S.cerevisiae YB was constructed and was showed to utilize cellobiose as the sole carbon source for rapid growth and ethanol production. The maximum ethanol concentration 7.493 g/L and ethanol yield 77.4% of theoretical yield from 2% cellobiose were obtained at 24 h. Further, the preliminary results of SSF of pretreated corn straw demonstrated the potential of improving ethanol production and reducing the costs of cellose enzymes used by co-fermentation of CX and YB.
Advances in Data Mining and Applications in Power Plants
Authors: Bao Ang , Pan Wei Guo , Wang Wen Huan
Published: October 2011

Describes the theory and methods of data mining technology, and the latest research progress home and abroad. In the equipment operation of various thermal power plants, more and more field data is stored in the DCS real-time database, and there is always an abundance of knowledge hidden behind the data. Adopting the date mining technology to process and analyze these data can optimize the operation of power plants and provide effective means for monitoring and evaluation of the equipment.
Deacidification of Paper in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (CO2SCF) Solvent System with Magnesium Acetate and Calcium Hydroxide
Authors: Wang Yan Juan , Tan Wei , Liu Chun Ying , Fang Yan Xiong
Published: October 2011

Alkali agents such as magnesium acetate and calcium hydroxide were used for deacidification of aged acidic papers by supercritical carbon dioxide and immersion treatment. In supercritical fluids, the alkali agent can be better combined with the cellulose fibers, and causing similar pH values as immersion; but the mechanical properties of paper will be a biggish increase. According to artificial aging tests, we find the CO2SCF treatment shows better than the immersion one, which would be related to the high level of alkali reserves.
Establishion of Radioactive Contamination Monitoring Network and Bioremediation of the Soil around the Nuclear Facilities in China
Authors: Luan Yun Xia , Ma Zhi Hong , Pan Li Gang
Published: October 2011

The nuclear facilities accelerated continuously with the rapid development of the nuclear industry for the increasing demand for energy in China. The nuclear facilities were widely distributed in coastal areas or remote mountainous areas. With the rapid development of the nuclear industry, nuclear fuel cycle system, such as uranium mining and milling, component manufacturing, transportation and disposal of spent fuel, radioactive waste disposal, also would be large-scale distributed, so it is no doubt that the environmental impact would become increasingly prominent and severe. Radionuclides contaminate the environment through the gas, liquid and solid around nuclear facilities, and in case of radioactive leakage, the contamination would affect the soil and public health through food chain. This article aims to establish a nationwide network of early warning detection of radioactivity, the formation of nuclear facilities, radioactive soil around the monitoring and early warning mechanisms, and regularly publish relevant monitoring information, and to study bioremediation of radioactive contaminated soil, to eliminate the public about nuclear discoloration fears and concerns, promote economic and social development , and to keep the nuclear facilities and nature in harmony through environmental protection.
CdS-Intercalated Nanocomposites for Hydrogen Production of Photocatalytic Water-Splitting
Authors: Zhang Yao Jun , Chen Du Ping , Liu Li Cai , Wang Ya Chao
Published: October 2011

A novel approach for synthesis of CdS-intercalated nanocomposites was investigated by thermal decomposition of cadmium thiourea complex embedded in the interlayer of montmorillonite. XRD results indicated that the incorporation of CdS into the interlayer of montmorillonite led to expansion of the layer spacing. The diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectra showed that the absorption edge of nanocomposites of CdS and montmorillonite was blue-shifted as compared with pure CdS due to quantum size effect. The photoelectric performance of nanocomposites was evaluated by photocatalytic water-splitting for production of hydrogen and the nanocomposites displayed much higher photocatalytic activities of H2 production than that of pure CdS owing to the synergistic effects between CdS and montmorillonite. A probable photocatalytic mechanism was proposed.
Governor System for 300MW Hydraulic Generator in Xiangshuijian Pumped-Storage Power Station
Authors: Cai Xiao Feng , Zhang Xin Long , Zhou Pan , Xu Dong , Cai Wei Jiang , Chen Xiao Yong , Shao Yi Xiang , Wang Jun
Published: October 2011

This paper describes the 300MW pumped storage governor system which is applied in Xiangshuijian power station and is featured with State-owned independent intellectual property rights from three aspects. Firstly, this paper describes the principle and configuration of the pumped storage governor system; secondly, it describes some features for the application of the system in Xiangshuijian power station and advanced control strategies thereof; and thirdly, it describes the implementation of some special features of application of the system in Xiangshuijian power station. Through this article, we hope for further exploration of the system in the industry and hope the application of the system can be further popularized in the design and implementation of localization governor system of large pumped storage power station in the future.
Inhibition Action of Complex of Triethanolamine (TEA) and Na2WO4 for Brass in Simulated Cooling Water
Authors: Xu Qun Jie , Deng Xian Qin , Li Wen
Published: October 2011

The corrosion inhibition of brass in simulated cooling water by complex of triethanolamine (TEA) and Na2WO4 had been investigated by means of electrochemical (AC impedance and dc polarization) techniques. The results indicated that both TEA and Na2WO4 were able to inhibit the corrosion of brass in simulated cooling water. TEA showed the best inhibition effect for brass corrosion at the TEA concentration of 30 mg/L, and the inhibition efficiency was 45.35%. At the total inhibitor concentration of 20 mg/L, the complex of TEA and Na2WO4 had a good synergistic effect, and the optimum ratio of TEA to Na2WO4 is 1:9, corrosion inhibition efficiency was 89.08%.
Innovation and Annealed Effect of Sn-Al and Sn-Cu Composite Thin Films on the Electromagnetic Interference Shielding for the Green Materials
Authors: Hung Fei Shuo , Hung Fei Yi , Chiang Che Ming , Lui Truan Sheng
Published: October 2011

Sn, Al and Cu not only possess electromagnetic interference shield efficiency, but also have the acceptable costs. In this study, sputtered Sn-Al thin films and Sn-Cu thin film were used to investigate the effect of the crystallization mechanism and film thickness on the electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristics. In addition, the annealed microstructure, electrical conductivity and EMI of the Sn-xAl films and the Sn-xCu films were compared. The results show that Sn-Al film increased the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding after annealed. Sn-Cu films with higher Cu atomic concentration, the low frequency EMI shielding could not be improved. After annealing, the Sn-Cu thin film with lower Cu content possessed excellent EMI shielding at lower frequencies, but had an inverse tendency at higher frequencies.
Analysis in Power Battery Gradient Utilization of Electric Vehicle
Authors: Cheng Dan Ming , Zhou Jing , Li Jin , Du Cheng Gang , Zhang Hua
Published: October 2011

Currently the high cost and battery cycle life of lithium are the main limitations of commercial developing of electric vehicles, the chemical battery energy storage technology is also facing battery performance and cost issues. the current development of electric vehicle battery technology was analyzed, the magnificance and the value of electric vehicle battery gradient utilization are proposed, the application in different applications field of gradient utilization of electric vehicle battery was analyzed, in the end, this paper concluded that the battery gradient utilization technology will enable the electric vehicles and energy storage to generate new value chain.
Research of Characteristics of Single Droplet Movement In Rectangular Mini-Flow-Channel
Authors: Li Jian , Zhao Jun , Wang Shi Xue
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the deformation and detachment of single droplet in flow-channel was studied through visualization single flow-channel. The morphological changes of droplet in the process of generation and detachment were observed and recorded with photographic device. According to different droplet height, the changing relationship among contact angle and Reynolds number, size of flow channel, the bottom hole diameter and infiltrating diameter was studied. The reasons of this phenomenon were analyzed, and the influencing rule of different physical parameters was summarized.
Local Dipole Field Enhancement Along the Surface of Metal-Dielectric Au/Pd Core-Shell Nanostructure
Authors: Ren Ren , Chen Fei Liang , Chen Jing Jing , Zhang L. , Liu Yu Jun
Published: October 2011

The nanostructure of bimetallic Au/Pd particles was fabricated to investigate their surface plasmon (SP) dynamics and local field factor. The SP dynamics was detected according to the structure, electric dipole and multipole electrical quadrupole moment. It was found that the symmetric coupling red shifts decreased obviously with the increase of the shell thickness and the nanoparticle size, and the absorption efficiencies of the nanostructure depended on the SP resonance frequency. The waves of surface plasmon Pd/Au are achieved by gradient of electrons density between interface and shell layer. The dipole couple and electrical quadrupole moment make the plasmonic anisotropy related to transition of electron energy band. The FWHM under collective plasmonic enhancement has been found to enlarge with rise of radius ratio.Moreover, the SP resonance and the local field were measured with annular limited optical distribution in terms of dipole resonance mode and resonance frequency. The resonance scattering has been changed inspite of the Au/Pd deformation and the collective plasmon enhancement. Besides, the single particle in Z direction went up with the particle dimension. The solid structures of the Au/Pd Core/shell nanoparticles were measured by TEM and EDS
Research on Combined Control Strategy of Three-Phase Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverter Based on Fuzzy PI Controller
Authors: Ngu Nguyen Viet , Wang Hong Hua , Tam Le Thi Minh
Published: October 2011

The control objective of three-phase photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected inverter is to generate high quality and stable AC sinusoidal output power with the same phase angle, frequency and amplitude compatible with the grid-connected voltage. To overcome the shortcoming of the normal current PWM control method and traditional PI algorithm, this paper researches a combined control strategy of three phase PV grid-connected inverter based on fuzzy PI controller. The combined control strategy switches different PWM current control method among the hysteretic PWM, SVPWM, hysteretic current SVPWM according to the error between command current and feedback current，and the d-axis command current is output of fuzzy PI controller of DC bus voltage. The simulation model of the combined control strategy for three phase PV grid-connected inverter based on normal PI controller is built with Matlab, simulation results verified the combination control strategy based on fuzzy PI controller has excellent performances.
Low Energy Adsorption Desalination Technology
Authors: Wu Jun W. , Hu Eric Jing , Biggs Mark J.
Published: October 2011

Adsorption-based desalination (AD) is attracting increasing attention because of its ability to use low-grade thermal energy to co-generate fresh water and cooling. In this paper, the working principle of the AD technology and the possible operation cycles of AD system have been described. A thermodynamic model has been developed in order to study the operational parameters that influence the fresh water production rate (FWPR) and energy consumption of silica gel based AD system. Water adsorption on the silica gel is modelled using a Langmuir isotherm and the factors studied are the heating and cooling water temperatures, which supply and remove heat from the silica gel respectively, and the set temperature of the evaporator. The result shows that the cooling water temperature has far more significant impact on the both water productivity and energy consumption compared to the heating water temperature. The paper also discusses in detail the impact of evaporator temperature on the thermodynamic cycle when the system is operated in desalination mode only.