bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Epidemiological Study to Assess the Risk Factors and Symptoms of PCOS
Authors: Verma Devanshi , Verma Kashish , Musharraf Alkama
Published: May 2024

The aim to present this study was to assess the most affected age group of girls from PCOD and to make them aware by our questionnaire in this descriptive study, 200 girls were selected randomly from hostels of MMDU, MULLANA. A questionnaire was formulated to obtain information regarding symptoms, changes, dietary patterns, etc. This data was differentiated, tabulated, and tested. The data collected shows that the majority of the respondents who participated in the survey were on the edge of PCOD.
Stein and Leventhal are regarded to have been the first investigators of polycystic ovary syndrome however, in 1721 Vallisneri, an Italian scientist; he described a married, infertile woman with shiny ovaries with a white surface, and the size of pigeon eggs. It was not until early 1990 at a national institute of Health (NIH) sponsored conference on PCOD that formal diagnostic criteria were proposed and afterward largely utilized. Many scientists tried to explain the pathophysiology of PCOS and many studies were made. It is now accepted that it is multifactorial, partly genetic, however, a number of candidate genes have been postulated. Insulin resistance has been noted consistently among many women with PCOS, especially in those with Hyperandrogenism, but it is not included in any of the diagnostic criteria. Now there is strong evidence that cardiovascular diseases risk factors and disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism are all increased in patients with PCOS compared to healthy populations. The criteria was established by a group of experts during a conference in ROTTERDAM held in 2003 are obligatory. The subsequent ROTTERDAM CRITERIA incorporated the size and morphology as determined by an ultrasound of the ovary into the diagnostic criteria. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, obesity among children in the U.S. has tripled since 1980 due to various factors like bad eating habits, and lack of physical exercise, and many more children are getting more and more obese. Many researchers have found that PCOD findings are increasing with time. Finding insulin resistance in obese adolescents gave a different diagnosis of PCOD. Upon further clinical testing, many other symptoms are found like Hirsutism, acne, and menstrual abnormalities.
Emans (2005) described PCOS as a diagnosis related to the diagnosis of insulin resistance, not being overweight. For insulin resistance, females don't need to be overweight, they will have insulin resistance even a normal weight female adolescents also have insulin resistance.
Mysticism, ritual and religion in drone metal (Coggins)
Authors: DeNora Tia
Published: May 2024

This is a review of the book "Mysticism, ritual and religion in drone metal" authored by Owen Coggins.
Title: Mysticism, ritual and religion in drone metal Author: Owen Coggins Publication year: 2018 Publisher: Bloomsbury Academic Pages: 224 ISBN: 9781350025103
Spirituality and music education: Perspectives from three continents (Boyce-Tillman, Ed.)
Authors: Bunt Leslie
Published: May 2024

This is a review of the book "Spirituality and music education: Perspectives from three continents" edited by June Boyce-Tillman.
Title: Spirituality and music education: Perspectives from three continents Editor: June Boyce-Tillman Publication year: 2017 Publisher: Peter Lang Pages: 336 ISBN: 978-1787074163
Hesychasm and Psychedelics: Altered States, Purgation, and the Question of Authentic Mysticism
Authors: Cattoi Thomas
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this essay is to introduce the reader to the tradition of Hesychasm—a form of monastic asceticism rooted in the tradition of the Desert Fathers and given a systematic articulation by the Byzantine author Gregory Palamas (1296–1359)—and to consider how the mystical experiences described in Palamas’s Triads compare to the altered states at the center of contemporary psychedelic research. After reviewing the chief claims of the hesychastic tradition about the nature and purpose of ascetic practice, the essay will consider the methodological challenges psychedelic researchers face when assessing experiences induced by psychedelic substances. The last section will turn to the discipline of Comparative Theology as a helpful framework to bring into dialogue the hesychastic understanding of deification as a trajectory grounded in the reception of the sacraments and the therapeutic impact of psychedelic experiences. The essay will uncover different points of contact between hesychastic and psychedelic experience but will also foreground a number of irreducible differences between the two, reflecting the specific anthropological and soteriological claims of the hesychastic tradition. The conclusion will advocate for greater epistemic modesty—warning from overhasty identification of mystical states and psychedelic experiences—but also invite theologians and psychedelic researchers to greater reciprocal openness to each other’s insights.
Analisis Efektivitas Pengelolaan Anggaran Belanja Operasional Kantor Pencarian Dan Pertolongan Kelas B Nias
Authors: Gulo Evirniat , Telaumbanua Aferiaman , Waruwu Sukaaro , Batee Maria Magdalena , Kakisina Sophia Molinda
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas pengelolaan anggaran belanja operasional Kantor Pencarian Dan Pertolongan Kelas B Nias Pada kesempatan ini peneliti melakuakn penelitian dengan cara menggunakan data dan  berhadapan langsung dengan pihak informasi yang di anggap perlu dan ada hubungan dengan masalah yang di teliti yaitu sebanyak 5 orang yang merupakan pejabat Kantor Pencarian dan  Pertolongan Kelas B Nias.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tingkat efektivitas tahun 2020 adalah 79,707%, dan tahun 2021 sebesar 87,694% masih kurang efektif. Dalam penelitian ini bahwa faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya tingkat efektifitas belanja tidak efektif disebabkan kerna kurangnya sumberdaya manusia baik dari segi jumlah maupun kualitas, dan pandemic covid-19.
Technologies to Support Adaptable Game Design: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Carvalho Caio , Teran Luciano , Mota Marcelle , Pereira Roberto
Published: May 2024

Designing games accessible and inclusive to a broader audience requires considering social, technical, and cultural aspects that recognize the diversity of the target audience. One strategy to foster inclusion is through adaptability, allowing games to be adapted based on the needs of their users. In this context, a Systematic Mapping Study was conducted to identify and document existing studies focusing on the adaptation of digital games. Aiming at creating a structured and wide panorama of the scientific literature, this paper draws on the 5W2H Framework to answer the following research questions: (1) What game characteristics are being adapted? (2) Why is it being adapted? (3) For whom is it being adapted? (4) When does the adaptation occur? (5) Who is carrying out the adaptation? (6) What technologies are present? (7) Where are the technologies used? (8) How were the technologies evaluated? (9) What was evaluated? (10) Who evaluated? and (11) What theories and methodologies support the study? Beyond presenting the current state-of-the-art in digital game adaptation, the mapping study highlights a prevailing trend in research on adaptive systems. Notably, Patients and Health Professionals emerge as the primary target audience, although many studies did not specify their target audience. The results also indicate that the evaluation of technologies commonly employs Proof of Concept, Experiment, and Case Studies, with Patients and Students frequently considered as the target audience, albeit as secondary participants in the adaptation and evaluation processes. Finally, the findings reveal that most papers lack explicit grounding in a theoretical or methodological foundation, suggesting the need for further investigation.
Real-Time Perception Enhancement in Obscured Environments for Underground Mine Search and Rescue Teams
Authors: Demirkan Doga Cagdas , Segal Ava , Mallik Abhidipta , Duzgun Sebnem , Petruska Andrew J
Published: May 2024

First responders in underground mines face a myriad of challenges when searching for personnel in a disaster scenario. Possibly, the most acute challenge is the complete lack of visibility owing to a combination of dust, smoke, and pitch-black conditions. Moreover, the complex environment compounds the difficulty of navigating and searching the area as well as identifying hazardous conditions until in close proximity. Enhanced perception and localization technologies that enable rapid and safe disaster response could mitigate the mine rescue team’s risk and reduce response times. We developed a proof of concept perception enhancement tool for mine rescue personnel in pitch-black conditions by leveraging LiDAR, thermal camera, and data fusion to reconstruct a 3D representation of the space in real-time. This enhancement is visualized on HoloLens, allowing the responders real-time situational awareness of personnel, walls, obstacles, or fires in otherwise opaque environments. The technology is a first step towards faster, safer, and more effective disaster response for mine rescue operations, including detection of unexpected hazards before they become imminent threats.
Assessment of organizational factors affecting utilization of Monitoring and Evaluation results in delivering government programs: A case of Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES), Uganda
Authors: SSALI NOBERT
Published: May 2024

The field of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) is often restricted to the technical aspects of conducting M&E. However, it is increasingly being acknowledged that organizational factors of entities are regularly more influential as far as mainstreaming the adoption and utilization of M&E is concerned. This study sought to assess the organizational factors affecting utilization of M&E results, specifically by analyzing how information availability, information processing skills and organizational culture affect utilization of M&E results in MoES. The study methodology entailed grounded theory and quantitative research methods and covered a sample of 191 respondents. The study’s key findings, among others, include: M&E information is often stored as manual paper records which subjects the information to wastage through poor handling and physical deterioration; and, poorly presented M&E results have a negative effect on their utilization. The study generated a number of recommendations, which inter alia include MoES should: design and implement a mind–set change programme for all staff of the Ministry to embracing and utilize of M&E results; design and implement regular capacity building and retooling programmes for all staff involved in the generation and utilization of M&E results; and, migrate its M&E records and management procedures from paper–based systems to digital systems.  The study's conclusions inform various government MDAs about the relevance of using M&E results for planning, budgeting, and policy making. The study findings will enable MoES appreciate the need for installation of appropriate information management systems necessary for improved uptake of M&E results utilization. The study suggests a number of areas for further investigation, such as, examining the influence of political direction and choices on the application and usefulness of M&E results in government organizations, and analyzing the impact of information dissemination on demand and utilization of M&E results in Government agencies.
Analisis Hasil Asesmen Diagnostiksebagai Dasar Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Alfarisi Muhamad
Published: May 2024

Students have different characteristics and a diversity of learning needs. Educators need to map students' learning needs according to students' learning abilities, interests and learning talents. Cognitive and non-cognitive diagnostic assessments make it easier for teachers to map students' learning needs through tests or expanded questionnaires. Diagnostic assessments are carried out with the aim of reviewing students' initial abilities in learning readiness. So it can be a solution in applying differentiated learning. The purpose of this observation is to analyze the number of diagnostic assessments as a benchmark for differentiated learning for Pancasila Education subjects in class IV. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. This data was collected using non-participatory observation from carrying out cognitive diagnostic assessment tests. Data analysis techniques use the Milles and Huberman models, including value reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Research in class IV A. The results of the research show that educators have mapped groups based on students' learning readiness using cognitive diagnostic assessment tests. Groupings are made from developing, and advanced groups. Content differentiated learning can be applied to provide learning material based on proficiency level so that students' learning needs are met.
Impact of Online Booking by Customers on Marketing and Sales Strategies of Travel Agents
Authors: Satghare Harshada
Published: May 2024

The travel industry always adopted new and advanced technologies easily and rapidly due to convenience. Revolution in e-commerce has changed the modus operandi of the industry. Tourism stakeholders are also adopting such technologies not only out of the self-convenience but also due to the increasing demand from consumers. Online search and purchase of travel services are common phenomenon nowadays which has affected travel agents massively. Notably, extremely limited studies have investigated the agencies' perspectives on such an effect. In this vein, the present study surveyed 189 travel agents of Aurangabad, a non-metro city prominently known as the tourism capital of the state of Maharashtra, through the online and offline distribution of questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was performed to analyse the primary data. The survey revealed the positive attitude of the travel agents towards this development. Further, they observed that easy information availability increased enquiries and sales of travel services. At the same time, it is evident that they have already started adopting such online services and, in the future, these technologies will become ubiquitous in the industry. Thus, the study suggested that there is a need for a proper mixture of technology and human assistance to have a bright future for travel agencies.
Address Forms in Egyptian Literature
Authors: Rosenbaum Gabriel M.
Published: May 2024

The article investigates the use of differential address forms in Egyptian Arabic, both in oral communication and in written texts. In addition to the address forms of Modern Standard Arabic which are used in Egypt in formal communication, the Egyptian dialect has a larger variety of address forms which are used in everyday communication. Although some of these forms date from the period before the 1952 revolution, the intensive use of address forms in everyday communication in Egyptian society has brought about the creation of new address forms, as well as a devaluation in the status of some common address forms and their replacement by others, considered more ‘respectable’. The usage of different address forms is illustrated through literary examples.
The People of al-ayyām and Their Roles During the Early Arab Conquest of Iraq
Authors: Yahaya Mahayudin Hj.
Published: May 2024

This paper aimed at introducing the people of al-ayyām (ahl al-ayyām) and their roles during the Arab conquest of Iraq in the mid-seventh century AD. The situation in Iraq following the Arab conquest was dominated by the ahl al-ayyām who considered the conquered land in Iraq their own property, and were very sensitive to any change in the system.
Some Notes on Spirit Possession and Islam
Authors: Szombathy Zoltán
Published: May 2024

This essay explores the phenomenon of cultic activities based on the notion of spirit possession in the Arab world, and the long-standing association of such ideas with Sub-Saharan Africa. It discusses certain key aspects of the syncretistic interplay of Islamic and African cultural elements in these cults, especially the idea of a well-defined pantheon of named spirits, the peculiar gender patterns observable within the cults, the belief that spirits are confined in a distant place during the fasting month, as well as the conscious inclusion of a variety of highly visible symbolic markers of Islamic belief and identity in the rituals.
Books of ʽaǧā’ib and ġarā’ib (كتب العجائب والغرائب)
Authors: Habib Shawki Abd El-Kawi Uthman
Published: May 2024

The article provides an overview of a specific genre of Mediaeval Arabic literature dealing with miracles (ʽaǧā’ib) and marvels (ġarā’ib). It also analyses the contents of some works to illustrate the scope of this genre.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS ROLE IN HEALTH CARE
Authors: Gayathri D. , Gokula V.
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have made enormous strides recently and are already pervasive in many aspects of our everyday life. Numerous attempts are being undertaken in the healthcare industry for application of technology of AI for efficient disease diagnosis. Technology of AI processes large number of medical and health care reports effortlessly by application of machine and deep learning algorithms. However, compared to current medical technology, AI technology offers a number of distinctive qualities. There are vast areas to be explored in the present health system in order to impart technology of AI in it for future betterment. Apart from the truth that not many doctors and members of the general public accept AI in healthcare, there are several worries about the security and dependability of AI technology applications. The present chapter would describe the current research and application state of AI technology in healthcare and its future perspectives
FRONTIERS IN CURRENT ASPECTS OF ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES FROM INSECTS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Kumar Hulikal Shivashankara Santosh , Nagaraj Rachana Shankaraghatta , Pavan Gollapalli
Published: May 2024

The abuse of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistance, a major clinical challenge. The demand for better antibiotics is growing in the era of rogue microbes with a sophisticated mechanism to evade the immune system and equipped with improved drug resistance mechanisms. The search and development of new antimicrobial compounds and the evolution of drugresistant microbes is a cat and mouse game. Nevertheless, with the discovery of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), new hope is emerging for effective combat against drugevasive microbes. AMPs with a broadspectrum antibacterial activity are expected to become the alternative antibiotics through the development of AMPs-based therapies. Antimicrobial peptides are short unique peptides of either basic or amphipathic character, having a length between 12 to 50 residues. They are predominantly found to be membrane proteins but also have few cytoplasmic targets. Nisin is the first AMP identified from bacteria found to kill other bacteria in a competitive, nutritional environment. Since then, the DRAMP database has reported 3791 antimicrobial peptides, including 431 from bacteria, 4 from archaea, 7 from protozoa, 6 from fungal, 824 from plants and 2519 from animals. They also possess other pharmacological activities besides antimicrobial activity, such as immune modulation, antiangiogenic, and wound healing activity. We review the historical developments in antimicrobial peptide drug discovery, their classification, mechanism of action, molecular biology and their application
BACTERIA AS THE PIONEERS IN BIOREMEDIATION OF HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS
Authors: A Sachith , S Vandana , R Preetham , T Prof. Praveen , D S Ms.Kavyasree , M Dr. Keshavamurthy
Published: May 2024

Bioremediation is the biological process by which microorganisms degrade hydrocarbons as a source of carbon. Environmental pollution has skyrocketed over the past few years due to harmful human activities. Chemical treatment on pollutants has only a limited effect, and hence bacteria and fungi are employed to efficiently degrade substrates like heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbons and plastics. There are various factors such as temperature and pH of the environment, availability of nutrients, water and oxygen. Bioremediation of pollutants can be carried out either at the site of pollution (in-situ) or by transporting them to treatment plants (exsitu). Bacteria possess a number of biological pathways and enzymes which are specific to persistent pollutants. Advanced studies in biotechnology have helped in enhancing these processes. However, every scientific technique has its own pros and cons, and so does the process of bioremediation
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS IN UPSCALING OF PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES
Authors: Mitra Monisha , Swain Himanshi , Debsarma Oindrila , Mandal Nirmal
Published: May 2024

Plants are considered as a great hub of secondary metabolites with high value that have uses in a variety of fields. Whenever the natural source is insufficient or chemical synthesis is not viable, plant tissue culture methods are regarded as viable and eco -friendly for the smooth production of secondary metabolites. The main benefits of using plant tissue culture techniques for the production and enrichment of plant secondary metabolites are discussed in this chapter, along with the various biotechnological methods that can be used to upscale their production. The chapter demonstrates that although there are several instances describing the synthesis of differentiated cells and tissues especially hairy roots and undifferentiated cells are the ideal culture method employed for the creation of valuable secondary metabolites under in vitro conditions. The potential ways to improve the biosynthesis of valuable compounds produced by any plant in vitro systems are outlined in an integrated manner. This includes metabolic engineering, which regulates plant metabolism by overexpressing/repressing a single structural gene or a group of structural genes. The production of secondary metabolites from plant origin at laboratory or industrial scales, various bioreactor system types, their modification, and ideal process parameters are described
RECENT ADVANCES IN TRANSGENIC BREEDING
Authors: Prajapati C. D. , Gajjar K. D. , Joshi D. P. , Solanki R. S. , Vaid R. R.
Published: May 2024

Abiotic stress is occurring more frequently and has reduced crop productivity as a result of the recent rapid climate change and rising world population. To improve plant genetics, transgenic breeding presents a viable alternative to traditional breeding. Transgenic breeding approaches allow us with access to identify the, miRNAs, candidate genes and transcription factors (TFs) that are involved in specific plant processes. Production of transgenic plants is reported in many crops but commercialization is limited to few selected crops, such as cotton (Gossipium hirsutum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.). Some of the recent advances in transgenic breeding gives opportunity to create better transgenes with precise gene insertion and specific character expression. One such development is clean gene/markerfree technology, which changes plants using two different vectors, one containing a transgene and the other a selectable marker gene. CRISPR-Cas-9 based base editing also offers the introduction of point mutation without generating double stranded brakes. Evolution in grafting process by placing non genetic engineered part on genetic engineered root stock is also modern approach in this field
DEVELOPING INTEGRATED PHARMACOKINETICS AND BIOSEPARATION METHODS FOR DRUG DISCOVERY
Authors: Mishra Haragouri , Patra Abinash , Sahu Shyama Sundar , Behera Amulyaratna , Dash Rabisankar
Published: May 2024

The advancement of pharmacokinetics has allowed this science to take the lead in the discovery of novel bioactive molecules for clinical use, resulting in a wide range of offpatent drug formulations such as prolonged and delayed release, therapeutic delivery systems, and so on (TDS). Orally disintegrating and effervescent preparations, intramuscular and subcutaneous depot formulations are used to permit drugs to circulate systemically, eradicating the first pass effect. Bioanalytical approaches were necessary for measuring drug concentrations, even at the plasma level, in the aforementioned applications that mirrored the development of pharmacokinetics in a synergistic manner. In response to the intricacy of the aforementioned realisations, the US FDA and EU EMA have produced guidelines, and the majority of the aforementioned applications have been streamlined and standardised to include waivers of in vivo bioequivalence. However, there are a number of points that must be explained by regulators but are not yet addressed in operational standards. Concerning the planning and execution of bioavailability and bioequivalence tests with endogenous compounds, there is an essential issue. Particularly relevant are endogenous chemicals, such as melatonin and female sex hormones, because they have their own homeostatic balance with fluctuations. In most circumstances, quantifying the net contribution of the exogenous drug to the exogenously absorbed drug based on the needed baseline subtraction is not simple
APPLICATIONS OF PLANT-DERIVED POLYSACCHARIDES WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON MUCILAGE
Authors: Jose Sumin Mary , M Anilkumar
Published: May 2024

The recent advancements in scientific knowledge and its diverse applications made us recognize the importance and need of some old practices. The use of synthetic materials, especially polymers with many side effects, also prompted human kind to switch on to plant-derived products. Among the various unavoidable substances in our daily lives, polymers are of prime importance. They may be natural, semisynthetic and artificial. Natural polymers are biocompatible, biodegradable and less toxic than artificial polymers. Among various natural polymers, plant derived polysaccharides such as mucilage, gums and starch. Mucilage is utilized in tablet formulations, drug delivery systems and waste water purification by removing dyes and heavy metals. It shows pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. This chapter reviews the importance and applications of plant mucilage with special reference to its pharmaceutical, pharmacological and bioremediation perspectives
GENOMICS IN AGRICULTURE: A GATE WAY TOWARD DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Singh Nidhi , Naj Iram , soni Rajul , agney Meenakhsi , patel Aaradhana
Published: May 2024

Currently genomics in agriculture is playing important role in advancement of agriculture. Genomics is agricultural is application of technology to decipher plant genes which ultimately leads to development of new, specific varieties of crops having superior traits. Innovations in genomics contributing progress in crop developments by improving desirable traits in agriculture. Several promising traits include higher yield crop, stress tolerance and pest resistance. Speedy development of crops and livestock with improved traits has been obtained with the application of genomics in agriculture. With the increasing population demand for food is increasing thus to meet this increasing food demand there is a urgent need to focus on advanced technologies to enhance crop production. Advent of recent advanced technology including next-generation DNA sequencing, many vital crop genomes including cereals, tuber crops, vegetables have been sequenced. Application of genomics in the field of agriculture has been discussed in this current book chapter
Dampak Perceraian terhadap Anak Perspektif Psikologi Pendidikan
Authors: Rohimah Siti , Nurachman Azhar , Setiawan Rizka
Published: May 2024

The harmonious relationship between parents and children is crucial in a family, as the harmony within the household significantly influences the growth, development, and education of children. However, it is inherent in human nature that happiness, suffering, pain, joy, illness, harmony, and conflict are events that always come and go in human life. This study aims to describe the impact of divorce on children's psychological development. Using a literature review research approach, the author explains that divorce is not the end of the marital relationship, but parents who have divorced need to continue thinking about the future development and education of their children, as divorce not only affects their children but also impacts the spouses, with the greatest impact being on children's psychological development. The results of this study show that divorce has a negative impact on children's psychological development, as the overall psychological development of children whose parents are divorced is significantly disrupted. Furthermore, the negative impact of divorce includes a lack of love and attention from both parents. Family integrity is necessary to support children's psychological development and education. The lack of attention and affection towards children due to their parents' divorce creates feelings of anxiety, confusion, restlessness, shame, and sadness.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Minat Belajar Peserta Didik di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ensuriati Ensuriati
Published: May 2024

Interest in learning is one of the factors that can influence student learning outcomes. In the learning process we often encounter problems related to students. In this study, researchers found the problem of students who were less active in learning activities. So researchers try to provide a solution so that students' interest in learning increases, namely by using the Problem Based Learning model. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the Problem Based Learning model on students' interest in learning in elementary schools. This research uses the Systematic Review Literature method. Researchers searched for relevant articles on the Google Scholar database, by looking for articles that were relevant to the topic. From several articles found, 10 articles from 2019-2024 were found that were relevant to the topic of the Problem Based Learning model on students' learning interest in elementary schools. Based on several of these articles, the results showed that there was an increase in students' interest in learning using the Problem Based Learning model compared to the conventional model. This means that there is an influence between the use of the Problem Based Learning model and students' interest in learning in elementary schools.
Interpersonal Relationship and Job Satisfaction among Early Childhood Education Teachers in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Osasuyi Michael , Matthew Iduozee
Published: May 2024

The study examined interpersonal relationship and job satisfaction among early childhood education teachers in Edo State. Three research questions were raised for the study and one of the research questions was formulated into hypothesis. The study is descriptive research and adopted a descriptive survey design. The population of this study comprises all the one thousand and twenty-one (1021) public early childhood education schools and one thousand two hundred and sixty-three (1263) early childhood education teachers in Edo State. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample of one hundred and two early childhood schools and one hundred and twenty-six early childhood teachers in the three senatorial districts of Edo State. A questionnaire (IRJSAECETQ) which was validated with a reliability coefficient of 0.88 was used to elicit data from the respondents. The research questions were analyzed using mean and standard deviation while hypothesis was tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The findings from the analysis of the study revealed that the level of interpersonal relationship among early childhood teachers is low; the level of job satisfaction among early childhood education teachers in Edo State is also low. The findings also revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between interpersonal relationship and job satisfaction among early childhood education teachers in Edo State. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the level of interpersonal relationship among early childhood teachers, pupils and the school authorities should be improved upon by establishing and maintaining effective and frequent communication among the early childhood education teachers, head teacher, and pupils as it has been proven in this study that there is a significant relationship between interpersonal relationship and job satisfaction among early childhood teachers Keywords: Interpersonal relationship, Job satisfaction, early childhood education, early childhood education teachers.
Godfatherism and Nigeria's 2023 General Elections: The Case of Delta State
Authors: Opone Paul , Ikuni Dennis
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on the issue of godfatherism and its impact on the 2023 general elections, with a particular emphasis on Delta State, Nigeria. It raises questions about certain facets of Nigeria's democratic governance that have not been adequately examined, raising questions about the nation's unique problems. The February 2023 general elections in Nigeria were not without flaws as usual, and many issues militating against the consolidation of democratic rule in Delta state since 1999 are ubiquitous. The study considers the role of the godfather in facilitating or stunting democratic growth in Nigeria in general and Delta State in particular. Usurping the place of the masses through their manipulative tendencies of selecting candidates instead of free, fair, and credible elections or the abuse of the rule of law are common in the polity. The historical method of description and analysis was adopted, underpinned by Marx Weber's theory of power, to interpret the work further. The study interrogated both primary and secondary sources related to it. Primary sources, such as oral interviews and newspapers, and secondary sources, such as books, news magazines, and online publications, were consulted. The study revealed that godfathers are gatekeepers in the polity, and their functions are overbearing to the masses. The study also identified that because the masses are not allowed to vote or their votes no longer count, Godfathers select leaders who are not representative of the people and are not accountable to them. The findings further indicate that forcing the godfather out of politics may be dangerous, considering their power and position in the government. It, therefore, concludes making laws that will accommodate them might be a better alternative. Keywords: Godfatherism, Impact, 2023 elections, Delta State, Nigeria.
In Defence of Critical Rationalism
Authors: Ishaya Samuel
Published: May 2024

The early Greek philosophers invented the tradition of adopting critical attitude towards explanations that were robed in mythic garbs. They not only challenged the explanations of the ancients, they also criticized and falsified long standing traditions with empirical observations and tests. This attitude to knowledge is what Karl Popper described as critical rationalism. Critical rationalists believe that scientific theory or any other claim to knowledge can and should be rationally criticized and if they have empirical content can and should be subjected to tests which may falsify them. Claims to knowledge that are potentially falsifiable can be admitted to the body of empirical science while not foreclosing further falsification. But this kind of rationalism was faulted by some philosophers including Paul Feyerabend who argued that it may not be easy for science to grow by the rules of critical rationalism but that scientific knowledge will be better off with the method of ‘anything goes’. The objective of this paper was to critically evaluate some of the criticisms against critical rationalism to ascertain their validity or otherwise. The analytic method was used. The paper is of the view that the rejection of critical rationalism and the recommendation of anarchism for the growth of science is misplaced because lawlessness breeds neither growth nor knowledge. Keywords: Critical rationalism, Falsification, Anything-goes, Conjectures, Knowledge
The Role of the French Language in facilitating Trade: A Case Study of Maje Border Town Markets
Authors: Oriakpono Mabel
Published: May 2024

This study explores the role that the French language plays in promoting trade in Maje's marketplaces, a well-known border town. Maje, which is located where cultural and economic exchanges converge, provides an intriguing backdrop for examining the complex relationships that exist between language, trade, and cross-border connections. The research explores the particular ways in which the French language influences business operations, communication patterns, and market dynamics in Maje through the use of a case study technique enhanced by anthropological inquiry. The study looks at how common French is among dealers, clients, and other stakeholders as a lingua franca through observations, interviews, and linguistic studies. The study looks into the various ways that the French language is used in the marketplace to facilitate cross-cultural interactions, negotiate agreements, and mediate transactions. It examines the linguistic tactics used by market players, such as code-switching, language accommodation, and cultural adaptation, to take capitalize on French proficiency for business benefit. The study also assesses the effects of fluency in French on competitive advantage, market segmentation, and market integration. It takes into account how linguistic asymmetries and impediments may affect a variety of stakeholders' access to markets, ability to establish trust, and economic prospects. Our understanding of the socio-economic dynamics driving cross-border commerce is enhanced by this study's illumination of the complex interactions between language and trade in border town markets. In border regions where the French language is significant, the findings offer insightful information to policymakers, market participants, and language planners who aim to encourage inclusive economic development and cross-cultural understanding. Keywords: French language, Trade promotion, Linguistic tactics, Market dynamics, Cross-cultural interactions, Competitive advantage
Perceived Influence of Communication Strategies on Agricultural Technologies Utilization among Farmers in Nigeria: A Study of NIHORT Adopted Village and School
Authors: Akintayo Johnson , Olomojobi Oluwafemi , Adetola Adesegun
Published: May 2024

This paper examined perceived influence of National Horticultural Research Institute’s (NIHORT) communication strategies on agricultural technologies utilization among adopted village commercial farmers in Awaye community, Egbeda local government area, and student farmers in Oba Abass Aleshinloye Grammar School, Eleyele in Ibadan North West Local Government Area Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. A total enumeration sampling procedure was used to obtain a sample size of 51 commercial farmers and student farmers altogether. Structured questionnaire was administered to assess their exposure and perceptions of the communication strategies implemented by NIHORT and analyzed using descriptive and inferential deductions. The results indicated that the communication strategies deployed by NIHORT had a positive influence on the farmers’ utilization of agricultural technologies. Specifically, the majority of the farmers (X̅=3.12) indicated that they had developed a greater trust in NIHORT’s communication strategies and the agricultural information disseminated through them, which encouraged the adoption of fertilizer application technology introduced with resultant effect in farm production increase. Furthermore, majority (52%) of the farmers have access to the agricultural messages disseminated through NIHORT. However, the farmers’ extent of exposure to and perception of the communication strategies deployed by NIHORT has no significant influence on the level of utilization of the agricultural technologies (p=0.579). The study recommended the integration of farmers’ needs into communication framework by agricultural research institutes to provide agricultural technologies’ utilization within farming communities to enhance sustainable agricultural productivity in Nigeria. Keywords: Adopted school, adopted village, agricultural technologies, communication strategies, farmers, NIHORT, utilization
Librarian’s Perception and Skill Sets for the Use of Metaverse in Universities in Nigerian
Authors: Eneh Anthonia , Omoregie Osagie , David Uzoma
Published: May 2024

The term "metaverse" is generally used to describe the shared virtual environment that is formed as a result of the collision between virtual and physical realities. As the Metaverse continues to evolve, libraries are faced with both new opportunities and challenges, which call for a fresh set of skills from librarians. The study therefore investigates Librarian’s perception and skill sets for the use of metaverse in universities in Nigeria. The population includes all librarians in Nigeria. Data were gathered via an online questionnaire that was distributed to respondents through Nigerian Library Association state chapter WhatsApp groups across Nigeria. 162 online responses were received, only 148 were valid and used for the analysis. Mean scores were used to analyze the data. Results of the analysis show that librarians perceived that metaverse promote virtual tours, improve accessibility for people with disability, promote virtual learning spaces and enhance information retrieval. The skills set librarians possess for the uses of metaverse in libraries were Computer literacy skill, Collaboration skill while, digital marketing skills, technical proficiency skills were not possessed by librarians. Librarians perceived challenges were High Investment cost, Shortage of trained personnel, mental health issues, Privacy and security challenge. The study suggested, among other things, that Librarians should engage in ongoing professional development programs to stay abreast of emerging trends and technologies and librarians should advocate for institutional support and investment in metaverse technologies. Keywords: Librarian, Perception, Skills, Metaverse Technology, Library, Nigeria.
Understanding Ourselves and Our World from the Multiplicity of World-Views: Perspectives in African Epistemological Relationality
Authors: Obinyan Valentine , Ehimua Faith
Published: May 2024

The importance of epistemological relationality in understanding ourselves and our world has been the focus of recent attention in global academic scholarship. In times past, this has been monopolized by one or some cultures over others. However, the components of this relationality have not been exhaustively theorized from different philosophical perspectives, allowing specific Western philosophical conceptions to dominate the dimension of discuss in literatures on this subject. The impact of this has been cultural supremacy, racial relegation and deprivation. This research offers a theoretical analysis of the global connection and ontological background that informs various conceptualizations of ourselves and our world from African, Western and Eastern world-views and unloads its implication for a value driven and harmonious coexistence. It aims at broadening this conception in Western and Eastern traditions, while showing what precedes this reflection and highlighting with analysis, the multiple relational process of knowing this African ontological value. This research therefore adopts the hermeneutics and critical analysis methods. It argues that multiplicity of world-views is a reflection of relationality in the unique ways we conceptualize reality from cultural events even though in diverse and informal forms. It concludes that this multiplicity in learning and understanding ourselves and our world forms the rational foundation for a complementary interrelation and mutual respect in the world and Africa in particular. Keywords: African, Philosophy, Multiplicity, World-views, Epistemological, Relationality, Understanding ourselves, Complementary, Relation and Mutual Respect.
Impact of Economic Recession on Funding of Business Education Programmes in Nigerian Universities: A Case Study of University of Benin
Authors: Eshemogie Kasimu , Brenda Nick-Ezeh
Published: May 2024

Education in Nigeria has been plagued by inadequate funding over the years. This has continued despite various interventions by successive administrations. The current economic recession in the country has further worsened the situation with its attendant consequences on the different sectors of the economy, which includes the university education subsector. In order to capture the challenges of economic recession, this paper undertook a historical survey of global economic recession and Nigeria and the impact on funding education especially, the university education subsector programmes with specific reference to business education programme of the Department of Vocational and Technical Education, University of Benin. It analyzes the budgetary allocation to the department in the last four years and determines the adequacy of the allocation to business education programme, in the face of inflationary trend in the recessed economy. Findings show that business education programme has been inadequately funded and that there has been neglect of infrastructure and the provision of teaching and learning facilities. The survey also unraveled the fact that budget was not allocated to training of needed manpower, as focus was on payment of salaries and purchase of consumables for the day to day running of the department. Recommendations have been made amongst which are: the need to improve internally generated revenue through entrepreneurship centres and the need for government to increase the budgetary allocation to the education sector to meet the recurrent and capital expenditure for implementation of business education programmes. Keywords: Economic Recession, Business Education, Funding of Business Education Programmes, Nigerian Universities, University of Benin
A Comparative Analysis of Two Creative Metal Sculptors: Adeola Balogun and Dotun Popoola
Authors: Adeyemi Adedola , Azeez Azeezat , Essien Dorcas , Ikwueme Faith
Published: May 2024

Welded metal sculpture has gained significant recognition within the art world. It is exhibited in prestigious galleries, museums, and public spaces globally. This article presents a comparative analysis of two renowned welded metal sculptors, Adeola Balogun and Dotun Popoola examining their artistic styles, techniques, and thematic representations. Research has been carried out on these two artists but the comparative analysis of their works is yet to be documented hence this study. By exploring the work of these artists, the article aims to provide insights into the diverse approaches employed in the field of welded metal sculpture. The analysis is supported by critical evaluation of relevant sources including scholarly articles, books, and gallery exhibitions, to highlight the distinctive characteristics and contributions of each artist. Keywords: Welded metal, sculpture comparative analysis