bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of the pathogenic fungus Sarocladium oryzae causing sheath rot on rice using rep-PCR
Authors: Pramunadipta S , Widiastuti A , Wibowo A , Priyatmojo A
Published: March 2021

Rice becomes the main commodity cultivated in Asia. Sheath rot disease becomes one of the challenges in increasing rice production. Sarocladium oryzae is known to be one of the major pathogens in causing sheath rot disease. This pathogen has been reported in several rice production countries, such as Brazil, India, Taiwan, Philippines, Thailand, including Indonesia, and causing yield loss of up to 85%. The study of genetic diversity is important to investigate the rapid shift in genetic structures. A total of six S. oryzae strains showed diverse in molecular using repetitive-PCR (rep-PCR). The isolate SO8 and SO13 isolate SO2 and SO11 and isolate SO3, and SO5 has the relatively same the band patterns in BOX, ERIC, and REP sets of primers. The results of the UPGMA analysis show that S. oryzae in the various primers can be divided into three different group consistency. This result indicates that the rep-PCR method can genetically distinguish S. oryzae. The use of the three main sets, BOX, ERIC, and REP, suggested differentiating the other fungal species.
Expert judgement criteria for mapping landslide susceptibility in Tangse Sub-District, Pidie District, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Basri H , Rusdi M , Lubis N R
Published: March 2021

Referring to The Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disaster (CRED) data shows that landslides are responsible for at least 17% of all fatalities from natural hazards worldwide. One of the disasters that commonly occur in Indonesia is landslides, especially in Tangse Sub-District, Pidie District, Aceh Province. The main objective of this research was to determine the parameters and the weight of each parameter that causes landslide susceptibility by using expert judgement criteria. The expert decision can be accepted if the Consistency Ratio (CR) <0.1. The results showed the value of CR from 0.04 to 0.3. Expert judgement decisions with a value of CR = 0.04 (<0.1) were the most reasonable criteria of parameters for mapping landslide susceptibility. Those parameters were slope (42%), rainfall (36%), soil type (12%), and land use (10%). By using these criteria, there were four classes of land susceptibility in this area, namely very high, high, moderate, and low covering an area of 805.40 Ha (1.03%), 46,526.72 Ha (59.27%), 30,600, 38 Ha (38.98%), and 573.61 Ha (0.73%), respectively. Disaster mitigation could be carried out by socializing the vulnerability of landslides, soil protection through slope stabilization, and vegetative conservation.
The effect of additional tannins source from Mahagony leaves (Swietenia mahagoni) to purine derivate excression in urine and synthesis of rumen microbial protein of Merino sheep
Authors: Lestari E A , Hanim C , Yusiati L M , Kurniawati A
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of adding mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni) leaves as a source of tannins on purine derivatives (DP) excretion in urine and rumen microbial protein synthesis of merino sheep. This study used 12 sheep with an average body weight of 32.46 ± 5.186 kg which were given additional tannin from mahogany leaves in the feed. The data were analyzed using a completely randomized design analysis unidirectional pattern, with three different levels of tannin treatment (0%, 1.5%, and 3%) and four replications. The feed given during the research process was in the form of forage and concentrate on a ratio of 60% and 40%. The administration was given 2 times a day with a ratio of 60% and 40% in the morning and evening. There was no significant effect (P >0.05) on the addition of Mahogany leaves for the excretion of purine derivatives in urine and microbial protein synthesis of the rumen of Merino sheep.
Hedonic attributes evaluation of mixed Arabica coffee-cocoa beverages
Authors: Safrijal H , Widayat H P , Jaya R
Published: March 2021

Arabica coffee has superior quality and taste compared to others. Chocolate is one of the most special processed cocoa products compared to other products and is the most popular with the public because of its distinctive taste, this research aims to find out which formulation is the best blending between arabica coffee with cocoa, this study uses a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 different ratios of Arabica coffee mixture with cocoa, each of which is carried out 3 repeats for each ratio in order to obtain 12 units of experimental tests were obtained using 20 panelists, Hedonic test was conducted to see consumer acceptance of Arabica coffee mixture with cocoa with comparison of AK1 (20:80), AK2 (40:60), AK3 (60:40) and AK4 (80:20) from 100 grams. The observed parameters are color, aroma, taste and texture using the Likert scale. Organoleptic test results showed that the formulation of Arabica coffee mixture with cocoa was most liked by panelists namely AK4 at a ratio of 80:20 Arabica 80 cocoa 20. The ratios of a mixture of arabica and cocoa coffee has a real effect on the aroma treatment.
Rhizobium and organic fertilizer improve growth and development of soybean (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Anhar A , Marliah A , Nurahmi E , Nurhayati  , Jumini  , Nura  , Hayati E
Published: March 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of the combination between rhizobium and organic fertilizer on growth and development of soybean. This study was conducted in the Research Station of Agriculture Faculty, University of Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh from October to November 2016. This experiment as arranged in a non-factorial randomized completely block design three replications. The treatment were: control (without rhizobium and organic fertilizer), without rhizobium + organic fertilizer, rhizobium + without organic fertilizer, rhizobium + organic fertilizer, 0.5 dosage of rhizobium + 0.5 dosage of organic fertilizer. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, number of nodules and number of effective nodules. Treatment between rhizobium and organic fertilizer resulted in higher soybean high and number of leaves. Treatments without organic fertilizer resulted in higher number of nodules and effective nodules. That means that the number of nodules and effective nodules were better when the medium was without organic fertilizer.
Biopolymer nanocomposites: their mechanical, thermal, and gas barrier properties for food packaging
Authors: Andini R , Sulaiman M I , Martunis  , Umam A H , Olivia M , Endres H J
Published: March 2021

The food packaging industry is the largest sector of the plastic industry, accounting for 40% of the total (conventional) plastic demand. Conventional plastic packaging has significant practical advantages, in protecting packaged foods from contamination and the loss of food quality. Plastics are made up of repeating small units called ‘monomers’ that bind together to form the long chains called ‘polymers’ However, conventional plastics have detrimental effects human health, wildlife, and the environment. Many developing countries are overwhelmed with the plastic waste emitted to the oceans. Indonesia is the second biggest emitter of plastic waste, after China. Biodegradable plastics (bioplastics, green plastics) are an alternative for saving our environment. Bioplastics or biopolymers, are made from at least 60% natural materials, mostly of plant based origin, but they have several drawbacks: (i) lower mechanical properties; (ii) bad thermal stability; (iii) relatively low gas barrier properties. This lab-based study investigates the enhancements to mechanical, thermal and gas barrier properties of bioplastics through addition of nanocomposites derived from clay minerals (nano clay). The resulting product was examined under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). This paper summarizes the clay concentrations and mixing temperature conditions that are required for the enhancement of bioplastics.
Vegetation analysis of rawa singkil wildlife reserve in Rantau Gedang Village, Singkil Distric, Aceh Singkil Regency, Aceh Province
Authors: Sugianto S , Muslih A M , Ar-Rasyid U H , Anhar A
Published: March 2021

Rawa Singkil Wildlife Reserve plays an important role in protecting the environmental services. It contains, particularly as a protective balance of water systems and natural warehouses for carbon storage to mitigate the effects of global warming. However, the existence of Rawa Singkil Wildlife Reserve is disturbed by human activities without paying attention to the impact of natural balance. The research objective is to identify plant diversity and vegetation cover classification. This study was carried out using a rectangular path method for various stages including seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees. The results provide information on the condition of the vegetation structure and composition of various stages of tree growth. There are 25 types of vegetation found in Rawa Singkil Wildlife Reserve, which consists of three stages, namely saplings, poles, and trees. Based on the Importance Value Index analysis that Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) has the highest Importance Value Index, the highest Importance Value Index in the pole stage is Beras-Beras (Syzygium zeilanicum), and In the tree stage the highest index of importance was Ubar Susu (Glutta renghas) and Pucuk Merah (Syzigium myrtifolium).
The study of Calotropis Gigantea leaf metabolites from Ie Brouk geothermal area Lamteuba-Aceh Besar using molecular docking
Authors: Idroes G M , Tallei T E , Idroes R , Muslem  , Riza M , Suhendrayatna
Published: March 2021

Analysis of Analysis of the metabolite contents of C. gigantea leaf from the Ie Brouk geothermal area has been done. The metabolites were determined by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and proteins from Main Protease (6LU7) and Spike Glycoprotein (6VXX) was studied by molecular docking. The leaf sample was prepared by extraction procedure using 96% ethanol solvent. The yield obtained was analyzed by using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Molecular docking between metabolite and proteins showed strong interactions from Urs-12-en-24-oic acid 3-oxo methyl ester, Lupenyl Acetate, Beta Amyrenyl Acetate with high binding affinity of -15.1, -14.3, and -14.1 kcal/mole to 6VXX, and -12.3, -11.1, and -11.6 kcal/mole to 6LU7, respectively. The visualization of the interaction between metabolite to an amino acid proteins showed well pocket number. The pocket number in 6LU7 were higher than 6VXX, which was contributed from a compact state structure of 6VXX. The results showed that the ethanol extract of C. gigantea from the Ie Brouk geothermal area has an enormous potential to be further developed.
Low temperature and duration on quality of fig fruit (Ficus carica L.)
Authors: Hayati R , Rahmawaty M , Lestari T N
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of low temperature and storage duration as well as the interaction of both to the quality of figs (Ficus carica L.). This study used a Split Plot Design factorial pattern 3 x 3 with 3 replications, each of 27 experimental units used 3 fruits so that the total number of figs used is 81 fruits. Storage temperature as main plot consisting of 3 levels (5 °C, 10 °C and 15 °C) and storage duration as sub plot consisting of 3 levels (3 days, 6 days and 9 days) was employed as factors in this study. The results showed that storage temperature had a very significant effect on weight loss as well as significant effect on antioxidant and total dissolved solids. Storage duration had a significant effect on weight loss, water content, antioxidant activity, L-a-b value of color as well as on total dissolved solids. Significant interaction effect of both factors was observed in weight loss, water content, and antioxidant activity. The study found the best condition for maintaining quality of fig when the fruit is stored in a temperature of 5 °C and for a duration of 3 days.
Phylogenetic analysis of Omega-3 producing microalgae isolated from mangrove area in Banda Aceh Indonesia based on 18S rDNA gene.
Authors: Anwar S H , Rinanda T , Ramadhani R
Published: March 2021

The exploration and development of organisms producing Omega-3 have escalated in order to fulfil the high demand for Omega-3 in every sector, especially in human health. Microalgae are one of the highlighted microorganisms due to their ability to produce edible oil or microbial oil containing Omega-3, such as Thraustochytrium, Ulkenia and Schizochytrium. Besides Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA), the microbial oil from these microalgae also contains antioxidants and has been developed as an alternative source of Omega-3. The objective of this study was to identify the Omega-3 producing microalgae through genetic analysis. In this research we conducted a phylogenetic analysis based of 18S rDNA gene of a microalga isolated from mangrove leaves sourced from a mangrove area in Banda Aceh. The phylogenetic analysis was conducted using Neighbor Joining method with bootstrap analysis. The result revealed that the isolate was identified as a member of thraustochytrids family, which was consistent to the morphological analysis of the isolate from our previous research.
The role of research and technology in post tsunami shrimp production in Aceh Province
Authors: Mujiburrahmad  , Nugroho A , Ramadhanti F , Kurniawan D , Iga M
Published: March 2021

Shrimp is the prime commodity of Indonesian fishery exports, with the largest export volume and value among other fishery commodities. Therefore, shrimp farming becomes a very attractive business due to the high potential of foreign exchange generated. Approximately 55% of the Aceh population depends on the fisheries sector both directly and indirectly. This study examines the role of research and technology in the development of shrimp culture and its impact on post-tsunami farmers' economy in Aceh Province. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not research and technology play a role in shrimp farming, analyze what technology research results are utilized, and their impact on improving farmer productivity and economy. The data was obtained from interviews with 47 farmers in four central to shrimp production districts in Aceh. Interviews results were then transcribed and analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods and path analysis. It can be concluded that partial mediation occurred between research and technology variables on shrimp production and the economy of shrimp farmers.
A new perspective of innovation-driven agricultural sustainable development: a case of China
Authors: Ni A M , Huang L , Xiong F
Published: March 2021

The experience of many countries shows that the agriculture relying on factors input is unsustainable and technological innovation is the support for improving productivity and comprehensive strength. In the critical period of transformation and upgrading, China's launch of an innovation-driven development strategy which is an inherent demand for the sustainable development of multiple industries, including agriculture. Among the entities undertaking this task, innovation-driven agricultural subjects are an important carrier. However, due to the inherent limitations and high risks of technological innovation, they are subject to strong constraints under the traditional model. In order to solve this bottleneck, innovation-driven agricultural subjects have a strong desire to seek innovation channels, and agricultural crowdfunding mode meets their requirements.
The use of botanical insecticides obtained from local plants to control cabbage leaf webber (Crocidolomia binotalis) zeller on cabbage plants
Authors: Tarigan R , Bagus K , Hutabarat R C , Barus S , Aryani D S
Published: March 2021

Sustainable agriculture emphasizes the use of botanical insecticides obtained from local plants to control cabbage leaf webber, Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller on cabbage plants. The objective of this study was to assess several species of plants for their ability in controlling this destructive pest. The research was conducted at Experimental Garden in Berastagi, from April to September 2017. It was designed using Randomized Block Design (RBD) non-Factorial consisting of 10 treatments with 3 (three) replications. The results revealed that the application of leaf crude extracts of thornapple (Datura metel) + tephrosia (Tephrosia vogelii) + galangal rhizome (Alpinia galanga) (1:1:1) at concentration 20% (E) was more effective in controlling this caterpillar compared to the use of chemical insecticides. The highest average of cabbage production was found in the plants treated with leaf crude extracts of thornapple + tephrosia + galangal rhizome (1:1:1) at concentration 10% (2.85 kg/plot).
Utilization of geospatial technology for land use planning and sustainable agricultural mapping in Aceh Province, Indonesia: a case study
Authors: Sugianto S , Rusdi M , Baihaqi A , Fazlina Y D
Published: March 2021

Geospatial technology has developed rapidly and is widely used for various purposes related to geographic location. Aceh is one of the provinces in Indonesia as rice producer provinces. Aceh province contributes about 2 million tons of rice every year, with local consumption of about 650.000 tons. However, rice fields to support sustainability agriculture mapping in Aceh province are still not yet well verified. The shift of land use for non-agriculture is alarming; coincidently, spatial planning to meet the demand for agriculture activities for every regency in Aceh is another crucial issue. With this current situation, the use of geospatial technology is an essential tool. This article presents a geospatial technology for land use planning and sustainable agricultural mapping in Aceh Province, Indonesia, as a case study. Geospatial analysis combined with descriptive using existing spatial data supported by ground-truthing was carried out for this study. The result shows that geospatial technology, a combination of remote sensing data, a global positing system, and a Geographic Information tool, can represent comparison results from different data sources obtained from other studies. The result can also verify the existing data of paddy rice field to land use planning and agriculture mapping activities in Aceh Province.
Ecological risk assessment of ecological landscape pattern in Qin’an County
Authors: Ma Hengli , Yang Weitao , Liu Zhenxing , Xu Ruize
Published: March 2021

Based on the land use data of 1980, 2000 and 2018, combined with ArcGIS and fragstats4.2, the landscape index of the study area was calculated, and the spatiotemporal change process of landscape ecological risk in Qin’an County in the past 40 years was analyzed, which laid the foundation for the formulation of ecological risk control measures in the study area. The results show that: (1) from 1980 s to 2018, the landscape pattern of Qin’an County has changed obviously, the cultivated land decreased significantly, the construction land expanded obviously, and the expansion area mainly came from the transformation of cultivated land. From 1980 s to 2018, the landscape fragmentation of Qin’an County showed an overall increasing trend. (2) The landscape ecological risk level has a decreasing trend, the area of high risk area is significantly reduced, and the area of low risk area is increased. (3) From the spatial distribution analysis, the overall risk type of Qin’an County has an increasing trend from southwest to northeast. The high-risk areas are mainly distributed in the surrounding areas of Liuping, and the main landscape types in this area are cultivated land and grassland, which are easily disturbed by human activities; the low-risk areas are mainly distributed in Qin’an County, and the main landscape type is construction land, with strong anti-interference ability and lowest risk value.
Experimental study on safe disposal of As slag and As contaminated soil by new olidification/stabilization(S/S) agent TY-Z
Authors: Yang Zixuan , Bi Tingtao , Wu Wenwei , Sun Jing , Zhao Haiguang , Duan Yijun , Wu Mina , Wang Shuting , Wang Tong , Chen Chen
Published: March 2021

Taking the smelting waste residue of arsenic plant I and II and the contaminated soil around them as the research object, the solidification/stabilization tests of the four pollutants were carried out with TY-Z, A, B and C agents. The test results show that the cost and solidification/stabilization effect of the new agent TY-Z are better than those of the other three agents, and the toxicity leaching amount of TY-Z is much lower than the standard for pollution control on the security landfill site for hazardous wastes(GB18598-2001). Through the phase analysis, microscopic morphology analysis and morphological analysis of As pollutants, the results show that the solidification/stabilization effect of the new agent TY-Z is better than that of the other three agents.
The balance between EDPs placement and culture protection
Authors: Zhu Jianping , Zhang Yu , Zhen Ran , Wang Minghui , Wu Pengfei , Chai Rui
Published: March 2021

Global climate change has created an increasing number of environmentally displaced people (EDPs). As for the placement of EDPs, we analyze the problem from two aspects. On the one hand, we calculate the number of persons who may become EDPs. We build the EDPs Prediction Model Based on RBF Neural Network to predict the number of EDPs in some countries along the Pacific coast in 5 years. The results demonstrate that Maldives will have the largest number of EDPs, about 9,758 and Australia will have the smallest number, about 873. On the other hand, we analyze the national ability to resettle EDPs. We choose a number of countries with different economic conditions and cultural backgrounds, and analyzed their Receiving Capabilities, Receiving Pressure of EDPs and Crisis Tolerance to provide a basis for placement of EDPs. For the resettlement formulation of policies for EDPs, we first design the Network Flow Migration Model. Then, we optimize the impact coefficient of EDPs on culture, and give EDPs distribution policies in some countries. Considering the personal choices, migration situation and culture beliefs of EDPs, we use the Multi-Objective Optimization Equation to optimize the network flow model. Finally, we propose the policies to resettle EDPs and protect culture according to the risk of culture loss and the resettlement ability of different countries.
Ecological evaluation of forest wellness--taking Qinyuan County of Shanxi as an example
Authors: Chen Chujun , Yang Xuejun , Wen Quanping , Zhang Ye
Published: March 2021

From the perspective of forest wellness, it is found that on county territory ecological evaluation is the important basis of sustainable development for tourism destinations according to the relevant research of ecotourism. An evaluation index system is constructed according to the standards for forest wellness industries. Combined with entropy method and ecological carrying capacity, weighted overlay analysis method is used to evaluate the ecological suitability of forest conservation in townships. Areas with consistent or conflicting suitability and ecological buffers are clarified by comparing the evaluation of the ecological suitability of the basic environment and forest resources. The existing county spatial layout is conducive to spatial integration of related industries, protection of forest resources and pollution control. This study provides a scientific basis for the sustainable development of the forest wellness industry.
A health hazard assessment model of fine particles generated from coal-fired boilers and its case analysis
Authors: Guo Xin , Zhao Zhifeng , Miao Shanshan , Li Huiyi , Zhu Wenkun , Yu Qiang , Huang Ying , Wang Jingjie , Sun Hao , Ma Xiaochun , Guo Qixing
Published: March 2021

A novel health hazard assessment model of fine particles generated from five groups of coal-fired boilers is built based on AHP. In our assessment model, some important factors are taken into account, including the number from uncontrolled emission, and mass from uncontrolled emission, the particle size distribution of Rosin-Rammler function of fine particles, and the total content of toxic chemical compositions (including Cr, V, Mn, Ni, Pb, Cd, As, Se, Hg, OC and EC). By calculation, PM2.5 from the industrial grate-fired boilers are much more harmful to human health than those from the other types of coal-fired boilers, which is not recommended to choose grate-fired burners as a burner of a new boiler or a modification boiler. PM2.5 from industrial fluidized-bed boilers are more harmful to human health than that of utility CFB boilers; PM2.5 from the large-capacity utility pulverized coal boilers (⩾450MW) are more harmful to human health than those from the small-capacity utility pulverized coal boilers (<450MW). It is necessary to install a high performance dust removal device.
Trend analysis on temperature and precipitation over North China Plain for past five decades
Authors: Yang Yan , Tang Shinan , Yu Lili , Chen Fei , Ding Yueyuan , Zhang Peize
Published: March 2021

The trend of change in temperature and precipitation in North China Plain over past few decades was examined using the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test in this paper. For the temperature part, a significant positive trend in annual temperature (0.03 °C/year) and a non-significant negative trend in annual precipitation (-0.67 mm/year) are found over the North China Plain (NCP) from 1960 to 2009. Furthermore, the winter temperature change and summer precipitation are found to be the most important factors for annual temperature and precipitation change. The winter temperature increases 0.04°C per year. As for the summer precipitation, it increases by 11% to the south of the Yellow River, over the NCP, and decreases by 20% to the north from 2000-2009 compared to 1990-1999. The reveal of the changing pattern in precipitation is a good start for us to further understand the main driving force of these changes and make a forecast on that.
Degradation of azo dye wastewater by the combination process of 3D BER and CW-MFC
Authors: Qiu Dengfei , Liu Shentan
Published: March 2021

The treatment of azo dye wastewater has become a hot issue in the area of water pollution control. In this paper, a novel combined process of constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) and three dimensional biofilm electrode reactor (3D BER) was carried out for treatment of reactive brilliant red X-3B dye wastewater. Decolorization rate, COD removal and electricity generation in the combination process were studied, and the main factors affecting the system’s performance were also investigated. The results showed that the decolorization rate of combination process (3D BER-CW-MFC) was over 96%, and closed-circuit CW-MFC had better decolorization effect than open-circuit CW-MFC. COD removal rate of the combination process was far higher than the 3D BER and CW-MFC operated alone (78.9%∼90.8% and 50.6%∼66.2%, respectively). With the increase of influent dye concentration in the 3D BER, Cell voltages of the CW-MFCs all increased firstly and then decreased. The cell voltage reached the maximum at influent dye concentration of 600 mg L-1, and then decreased by 6.42%∼14.34% after the dye concentration increased to 1000 mg L-1. In addition, cell voltage could be enhanced by increasing the cathode area of CW-MFCs, due to improved cathode potential and reduced total internal resistance of the system.
Ground deformation of Dongsheng mining area revealed by multi-temporal InSAR
Authors: Yang Qing , Chang Zhanqiang , Wang Yanqiao , Zhang Yanxin , Huang Songbo
Published: March 2021

Coal is one of the most important mineral resources in the industrial development of China. In order to minimize the losses directly or indirectly caused by the ground subsidence, it is necessary to accurately retrieve the information of the ground subsidence distribution during the mining process and make the accurate impact assessment of changes in the ecological environment. In this paper, we selected Sentinel-1A data of 22 scenes from July 2018 to March 2019, which covers Dongsheng coalfield of Ordos, Inner Mongolia. Then, PS-InSAR is used to obtain the ground deformation information. The results show that the PSs with high deformation rate and large accumulation are mainly located in the centre of the focused area, where the velocity along line of sight (LOS) mainly ranges from - 17 mm/year to - 5 mm/year with the extreme value reaching - 33.5 mm/year. Meanwhile the deformation rate of the majority of the PSs ranges from - 5 mm/year to 5 mm/year. It is highly recommended to reduce the ground deformation and mitigate the impact of land subsidence on the ecological environment caused by mining through programming logical mining schemes.
Valuing the ecosystem service losses from land reclamation by contingent valuation in Zhoushan, China
Authors: Wang Yingchun , Zhao Sheng
Published: March 2021

The process of formulating reclamation strategies is a complex and multi-disciplinary process. In life, the characteristic of relevant policy formulation is the lack of information related to the economic value of ecosystem services, which involves the consequences of losses caused by land reclamation. This article presents a present in order to introduce a willingness to pay (WTP) valuation method based on an easy-to-understand questionnaire for the loss of ecosystem services. A sample of 750 residents chooses and uses a hypothetical open payment card question, the purpose is to ask the interviewee WTP to be interviewed face to face. The results showed that the respondents, overall 88.7%, produced a positive WTP (WTP>0), while the average WTP was 362.19 yuan (RMB) per household year.
Solar dimming or brightening in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin under 1.5 °C and 2 °C global warming targets?
Authors: Wang Zhiguo , Zhao Na , Hou Zhongrun
Published: March 2021

Solar radiation, as the primary energy source of the Earth, influences the climate conditions and changes of our planet. Whether solar dimming or brightening would occur in the future under 1.5 °C and 2 °C global warming background was an important question. In this study, climate data under four Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios were used to calculate and analyse temporal and spatial changes of solar radiation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin for the future period 2020-2099. Results showed that surface solar radiation would increase under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5, while it would decrease under RCP6.0 and RCP8.5. Especially, dramatic solar dimming would occur in all years in the future under RCP8.5, which indicated that the fluctuations of the amount of solar energy in the future were related to the emission scenarios. Spatially, under global warming 1.5 °C, solar brightening would occur mainly in the central regions and become weaker with the higher emission scenarios. However, under global warming 2 °C, solar dimming would occur mainly in the upper Jinsha River Basin and the lower reaches of the Jialing River Basin and become stronger with the higher emission scenarios. Relative to the other three RCP, obvious and dramatic solar dimming would occur under RCP8.5 in the total area.
Study on the influence of key parameters of exterior window structure on building energy saving effect
Authors: Zhu Mengting , Diao Rongdan , Fu Jingjie , Jiang Xiufang , Zhang Ying
Published: March 2021

On account of the problem which was related to the negative effect of exterior windows energy saving in current residence building, we constructed a single energy-saving building with same structure and different exterior windows. Meanwhile, taking indoor temperature field and building energy consumption as entry points, the key parameters of the energy saving effect of the exterior window were compared and analyzed to study the indoor temperature field and the building thermal load and cooling load in the heating, cooling and transition season of energy-saving buildings which had exterior window structures (standard external windows, blue heat-absorbing glass windows, thermal reflection glass with high light transmission, ordinary hollow glass windows, low-E insulating glazing units, low-E high through glass windows, ordinary 3mm glass windows) with different window frames under the same climate environment. In addition, the grey theory and regression analysis were used to get the correlation degree and matrix equation between the energy-saving effect (the indoor temperature in heating season, the indoor temperature in refrigeration season, the indoor temperature in transition season, the annual cumulative heat load index, the annual cumulative cooling load index, the heating season heat load index, the air-conditioning season cooling load index) and key parameters (the glass thickness, the air layer thickness, the glass layer number, the heat transfer coefficient, the solar heat gain coefficient, the shading coefficient, the solar transmittance, the solar reflectance, the visible light transmittance, the visible light reflectance) in energy-saving buildings.
Study on the ground settlement during reclamation of Xiamen airport
Authors: Liu Guangqing , Liu Haiwang , Liu Zhiyong , Tu Yuan , Wang Kuihua
Published: March 2021

The settlement of soft soil foundation is a critical problem for the airport construction in coastal area. In order to study the long-term settlement characteristics of soft soil foundation of a Chinese reclamation airport (Xiamen Airport), this paper analyzed the monitoring settlement development of different regions in two runways to be built. The relationship between the total settlement from January 11, 2019 to May 22, 2020 and the thickness of soft soil was studied for guiding the settlement prediction of subsequent construction. The results showed that the development law of foundation settlement with different preloading durations under the same thickness of soft soil is different. As the preloading duration increases, the total settlement in the same period becomes smaller. Besides, the total settlement of Runway 2 increases approximately linearly with the thickness of soft soil (silt soil). However, the total settlement of Runway 1 under different thickness of soft soil is similar, which probably indicates primary consolidation has basically completed in this region. The research results in this paper is useful to understanding the settlement characteristics of Xiamen Airport, and can be used to analyse the settlement characteristics of other similar reclamation airports.
The design of energy-saving intelligent escape clothes hanger device
Authors: Guo Yaqin , Liu Qixiang , Ao Xiang , Feng Yaohui , Ji Gufei
Published: March 2021

Due to the rapid development of economy and technology, floor molding of modern building are different, interior and exterior circuit design are more complex. Therefore, the fire also increases sharply, causing huge losses to the national economy and people’s life safety. The survival rate of personnel in serious fires has become the focus of the whole society. We take the clothes hanger as the research object in the paper, refit the clothes hanger, and provides an intelligent escape device to speed up the escape time. The device mainly includes Single-Chip Microprocessor control module, communication module, detection module, alarm module and solar panel module. The device has simple structure and convenient installation, which solves the timeliness of personnel escape in the fire and avoids secondary casualties in the fire.
Reactive power compensation optimization configuration method to reduce the risk of multi-circuit DC commutation failure
Authors: Yuan Hangtao , Xie Xiangpeng , Zhou Xia , Zheng Chenyi
Published: March 2021

Aiming at the risk of simultaneous commutation failure of multiple DCs in multi-infeed DC areas, a reactive power compensation optimization configuration method to reduce the risk of multiple DC commutation failures is proposed, and the type, location and capacity of reactive power compensation devices are configured. Firstly, the type of reactive power compensation devices is determined by comparing SVC and STATCOM simulation; Secondly, the weak voltage area through typical faults in multi-infeed DC areas is found, and then the best reactive power compensation site is determined according to the concept of node relative transient voltage drop area RTVDAI index; The aim is to reduce the effect index of commutation failure risk and project economy, the best installation plan is determined by controlling the investment cost and reducing the risk of commutation failure. The closeness in the entropy method is used to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each capacity configuration plan, and then CFTOOL toolbox in MATLAB is used to fit the comprehensive analysis index of nearness. The optimal installation capacity is determined by analyzing the fitting curve of the closeness comprehensive analysis index. Finally, the engineering applicability of the configuration scheme was verified through simulation.
Windturbine blade fault diagnosis based on MFCC feature optimization strategy
Authors: Wang Yuxing , Tan Jianxin , Qin Xiaoliang , Hu Zhanfei , Jing Yanwei , Han Guidong
Published: March 2021

The fault problem of windturbine blades cannot be ignored. This paper proposes a fault diagnosis method for windturbine blades based on feature optimization strategy. First, the Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficient(MFCC) method is used to extract the feature samples of the windturbine sound signal, and then the entropy weight method is used to optimize the characteristics of the feature samples, and finally the K-means clustering is combined to realize the fault diagnosis of the windturbine blade. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by using two faulty windturbine and one faultless windturbine in a wind farm.
Analytic of VSC-HVDC Interconnected Power Systems from a Perspective of Frequency Security
Authors: Zhu Liuzhu , Ma Jing , Xu Jiayin , Shen Yuming , Zhang Enhui , Luo Xuzhi , Mao Fubin , Wang Lijun , Xia Kai , Yang Mengmeng
Published: March 2021

In the interconnected power systems with VSC-HVDC (Voltage Source Converter-High Voltage Direct Current) transmission links, the failures of VSC-HVDC system can cause large power imbalance for both sending-end and receiving-end power systems. In this paper, the reliability model of the VSC-HVDC system is developed based on series-parallel structure recognition. The frequency dynamics of the power systems are characterized considering the frequency regulation of the power systems in response to the power imbalance arise from the component failures. Moreover, the Monte Carlo simulation method is applied to analyze the frequency dynamics in different contingencies. The indices measuring the frequency stability and the reliability of the interconnected power systems are introduced.
Research on optimization of primary frequency regulation of thermal power units based on multi-model predictive control
Authors: Gao Aimin , Cui Xiaobo , Yu Guoqiang , Shu Jianjun , Yang Xiaolong , Zhang Tianhai
Published: March 2021

The nonlinear problem of system cannot be well solved using traditional power regulation system, which causes regulation lag and insufficient output and poor accuracy of the actual performance of the primary frequency regulation (PFR) on thermal power units. In order to further improve PFR performance of thermal power units, a multi-model predictive control method is adopted to optimize and improve the traditional steam turbine power control system. A PFR optimal control strategy is proposed, which improves the regulation performance and robustness of the power control system. The simulation results show that the proposed optimization algorithm can overcome the nonlinear problem of the steam turbine governing valve, and the regulating process is stable and fast without overshoot. This research is of great significance to improve the contribution rate of PFR of thermal power units and to better satisfy the assessment of power grid PFR, thereby to stabilize the frequency of power grid.
Research on factors and performance of solar thermoelectric radiant window
Authors: Zhang Jiajun , Zhang Wenjie , Huang Fengcheng , Zhao Yuqiang , Zhong Yongheng
Published: March 2021

Building energy consumption for cooling in hot climates accounts for about 70%- 80% of the total energy consumption. It’s interesting that offsetting the energy consumption by the development of new technology. A model of solar thermoelectric radiation window proposed in this paper, combining the concepts of photovoltaic (PV) power generation, thermoelectric cooling and radiant cooling, built a new model of heat transfer about the solar thermoelectric radiation windows. The new structure actively generates electricity for the consumption of cooling by PV module, while passively blocks part of solar radiation for reducing indoor load. Based on the distribution of thermoelectric cooling mode (TEM), the size of the radiator, the form of heat dissipation and other influencing factors, the relationship between the heat gain and cooling capacity, and the balance between power generation and power consumption of the new structure were analysed. The value of this research is to provide a certain reference value for the practical application of the solar thermoelectric radiation window.
Modeling technology of large-scale half speed unit and its thermal actuator participating in grid frequency modulation
Authors: Wen Libin
Published: March 2021

In view of the shortage of the technology of large half speed units in nuclear power participating in the primary frequency regulation modeling and parameter measurement of power grid, the speed regulation system, thermal actuator and prime mover model of nuclear power unit are established. At the same time, the technology of model parameter test, identification and verification is developed. The developed technology meets the requirements of BPA. Through the frequency step simulation of the established model and the obtained model parameters, and compared with the field test results, the results show that the model and its parameter test method are correct. The established model and its parameters can accurately reflect the dynamic process of nuclear motor group participating in the primary frequency modulation of large power grid.
Experimental study on the effect of blade surface roughness on aerodynamic performance
Authors: Gong Shuguang , Cao Hongyuan , Zhang Jianping , Lu Haishan
Published: March 2021

In order to study the effect of surface roughness of wind turbine blade on aerodynamic performance, the three novel roughness models are proposed, and the corresponding simulation model is also established. Simulation analysis and wind tunnel test are carried out respectively, and the results show that they are consistent with each other. The 5mm-spacing double rectangular roughness strips lead to 64.9% reduction of the maximum lift/drag, the single rectangular roughness strip pasted on 10% chord-length can reduce the maximum lift/drag by 30.8%, both two rectangular strip models can cause early stall, while the effect of arc strip is minimal among three roughness models.
A study on wavelet selection in power signal denoising
Authors: Gong Jing
Published: March 2021

In the wavelet threshold denoising of power signal, the selection of wavelet has an important influence on the denoising effect, and the wavelet generating function has diversity, if not selected properly, it will directly lead to the failure of denoising. Firstly, an operator is introduced to modify the threshold of each scale to better reflect the variation of wavelet coefficients of signal and noise with scale. Then a controllable threshold function is proposed to adapt to different soft and hard characteristics, and it is used to denoise the wavelet coefficients. Based on the study of the characteristics of wavelet, such as orthogonality, vanishing moment, support length and symmetry, four principles of wavelet selection in power signal denoising are proposed. The voltage sag and harmonics model are established, and db5, coif1 and sym2 wavelets are selected to decompose the signal to the fourth scale for denoising. The signal-to-noise ratio, mean square error and the detailed features of the reconstructed signal after denoising are compared. The experimental results show that the orthogonal wavelet db5 with high vanishing moment order and long support length has better denoising effect than coif1 and sym2, which proves the correctness of the wavelet selection principles proposed in this paper.
Game analysis of decreasing generation cost characteristics in electricity spot market
Authors: Lu Zhanhui , Jing Zhaoxia
Published: March 2021

The construction of Chinese electricity spot market is in its infancy. Market rules have borrowed from foreign mature market experiences, adopted marginal electricity price settlement mechanisms, and stipulated that the biddings on the power generation side will increase monotonously. However, there are thermal power generating units in China whose marginal cost does not meet the characteristics of monotonous increase. In this context, studying the strategic behaviour of thermal power generating units with diminishing marginal cost characteristics in the market, highlighting the impact of existing rules on market participants’ decision making, is of great significance to the design and operation of Chinese electricity spot market. First, an existing generation market clearing model based on monotonically increasing quotes and a strategy model for generating units based on monotonically decreasing marginal costs are established. Then, the above models are organically combined to form a bilevel optimization model, and the iterative optimization is performed to obtain a market equilibrium solution. Finally, a numerical example is used to clearly describe the bidding strategy of the unit in the spot market, and the incentive effects of market regulations on its bidding behaviour are discussed.
Fiscal and tax terms and economic evaluation methods for oil and gas projects in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Wang Keming , Zou Qian , Wang Zuoqian , Fang Lichun , Jiang Weina
Published: March 2021

The Middle East is the region with the lowest oil and gas production cost in the world and has always been the key area for investment by oil companies. With the large-scale bidding after the Iraq War, the number of bidding blocks provided annually in the Middle East has been greatly reduced, and the number of bidding blocks provided by the UAE government is relatively large. After the expiration of the existing contracts in 2014, the UAE government started block bidding and auction on a large scale, and offered favorable contract terms. The assets with great investment values attracted international oil giants. In this paper, based on the survey of bidding contracts of Abu Dhabi in recent years, fiscal and tax terms, demand markets, prices and costs to be focused on have been sorted out, an economic evaluation model for bidding blocks in Abu Dhabi has been established, and evaluation conclusions have been drawn through financial analysis and uncertainty analysis. Finally, the applicability of the economic evaluation analysis method and evaluation procedure has been verified through examples, so as to provide reference and enlightenment for international oil companies to participate in the new round of bidding of the UAE in the future.
Comparative analysis of actual and planned utilization hours of coal-fired power in China during the 13th Five-Year Plan
Authors: Cai Bin , Xue Yusheng , Wang Kui , Yang Mingyu , Zhang Hengxu , Zhu Lei , Zhao Dongming
Published: March 2021

Coal-fired power annual utilization hours (CPAUHs) is an important indicator to evaluate the utilization ratio of coal-fired power equipment (URCPE). In this paper, a comparison of actual and planned CPAUHs in China during the 13th Five-Year Plan is presented. The influences of power demand, installation capacity and electricity generation of non-coal-fired power and coal-fired power on CPAUHs are analyzed. It is pointed out that the overcapacity of coal-fired power is alleviated during the 13th Plan. Finally, the reposition of coal-fired power and the issue of CPAUHs during the 14th plan are discussed.