bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unexplained Hypoxia in Patient With Aortic Valve Replacement: Case of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome With Delayed Diagnosis
Authors: Kodal Burcu , Adak Oğulcan , Kutlu Merih , Örem Cihan , Akkaya Selçuk
Published: January 2023

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a pulmonary complication that causes deterioration in oxygenation due to the inability to clear substances that will cause intrapulmonary vasodilation in advanced liver disease and the increase in vasodilator substances released from the liver (1). Hepatopulmonary syndrome may be misdiagnosed because of nonspecific symptoms and other comorbidities. There is no optimal medical therapy. However, the best treatment option is liver transplantation to improve oxygenation and survival (2) . We aimed to present a 44-year-old patient with a delayed diagnosis of HPS who had significant dyspnea and cyanosis and undergone cardiac surgery twice.
Barriers and Facilitators to the Referral of Patients With Cancer for Physiotherapy Rehabilitation at Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI).
Authors: Nareeba Denis , Ainembabazi Bonita , Asiimwe Derrick , Atuhaire Gift , Ochom Kenneth Pascal , Whitehouse Zillah , Arubaku Wilfred , Nuwahereza Amon , Kazibwe Herman , Niyonsenga Jean Damascene
Published: January 2023

Background: Cancer and its treatment are linked to a variety of physical complications. Physiotherapy is recommended as the treatment of choice for improving cancer patients' physical function and quality of life. All patients with cancer and rehabilitation needs at Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) don’t receive physiotherapy services. There is little information available about the factors influencing health workers' decisions to refer patients with cancer for physiotherapy rehabilitation in underdeveloped countries, particularly Uganda. This study aimed to determine barriers and facilitators to the referral of patients with cancer for physiotherapy rehabilitation at UCI.
Methods: A qualitative descriptive phenomenological design was adopted. In-depth interviews were performed with 12 Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) health professionals who were chosen using a convenience sampling approach. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the results. The UCI Research Ethical Committee granted ethical approval.
Results: Participants reported that facilitators to the referral of patients with cancer for physiotherapy rehabilitation included, but were not limited to; inter-professional communication, clinical characteristics and positive outcomes of physiotherapy. On the other hand, hindering factors included; a knowledge gap, understaffing of physiotherapists, advanced cancer complications, and many more.
Conclusion: Doctors and nurses at UCI appreciate the role of physiotherapy in cancer management. A limited knowledge on the assessment of patients with cancer for rehabilitation needs and limited physiotherapy staffing constrains the referral of patients with cancer for physiotherapy rehabilitation at UCI.
Multiple PMQR genes including the rare qepA detected in Ciprofloxacin non-susceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolated from children under five years at hospital discharge, Kenya.
Authors: Kariuki Kevin , Diakhate Mame Mareme , Musembi Susan , Tornberg-Belanger Stephanie N. , Rwigi Doreen , Mutuma Timothy , Mutuku Elizabeth , Tickell Kirkby D. , Soge Olusegun O. , Singa Benson O. , Walson Judd L. , Pavlinac Patricia B. , Kariuki Samuel
Published: January 2023

Background: The increasing spread of fluoroquinolone resistant enteric bacteria is a global public health concern. Children recently discharged from the hospital are at high risk of carriage of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) due to frequent exposure to antimicrobials during inpatient stays. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, correlates of ciprofloxacin non-susceptibility, and distribution of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella spp isolated from children under five years being discharged from two Kenyan Hospitals.
Methods: E. coli and Klebsiella spp were isolated from fecal samples from children discharged from hospital and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by disc diffusion and E-test. Ciprofloxacin non-susceptible isolates were screened for seven PMQR genes using multiplex PCR. Poisson regression was used to determine the association between carriage of ciprofloxacin non-susceptible isolates and patient characteristics.
Results: Of the 280 ciprofloxacin non-susceptible isolates: 188 E. coli and 92 Klebsiella spp isolates identified among 266 discharged children, 195 (68%) were ciprofloxacin-resistant (MIC ≥ 1µg/mL). Among these 195 isolates, 130 (67%) had high level ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) (≥32 µg/mL). Over 80% of the isolates had at least one PMQR gene identified: aac(6’)lb-cr (60%), qnrB (24%), oqxAB (22%), qnrS (16%), and qepA (6%), howeverqnrA was not identified in any isolates tested. Co-carriage of qnrB with acc(6’)-lb-cr was the most predominant accounting for 20% of all the isolates. Ceftriaxone use during hospital admission and the presence of ESBL production were significantly associated with the carriage of ciprofloxacin non-susceptible E. coli and Klebsiella spp.
Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin non-susceptibility is common among E. coli and Klebsiella spp isolated from hospital discharged children in Kenya. Carriage and co-carriage of PMQR, including the newly identified qepA gene, were frequently observed. These findings suggest that children leaving the hospital may serve as an important reservoir for transmission of resistant E. coli and Klebsiella spp to the community. Enhanced surveillance for AMR determinants is critical to inform interventions to control antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
Optical Properties of hBN Quantum Dots for Ammonia Gas Detection
Authors: Shojaee Shahla , Karamdel Javad , Berahman Masoud , Ahmadi Mohammad T.
Published: January 2023

Detecting ammonia gas in low concentration with proper selectivity is crucial due to its harmful effects on human health and industry. Even low ammonia concentration can cause a rapid burning sensation in the eyes, nose, and throat. In addition, it can react with copper, silver, and other heavy metals. Hence detecting the low concentrations of ammonia gas with proper selectivity is essential. Hexagonal boron nitride quantum dots introduced new properties and potentials for engineering applications and gas-sensing devices. A small perturbation from gas molecules can drastically alter the band structure of quantum dots. These changes in sub-bands can easily detect using the optical absorption spectrum. Using density functional theory, we have explored the difference in the optical properties of hexagonal boron nitride quantum dots in the presence of ammonia gas molecules. Results show that different concentrations of ammonia can alter the maximum optical absorption to higher energies. In addition, a few peaks are obverse related to the transitions due to ammonia molecules in the system. The selectivity of the different gas molecules is also explored. The size of quantum dots increased from 32 to 168 atoms, and we realized that by increasing their size, similar properties could achieve. These results not only provide insights into the optical properties of hexagonal boron nitride quantum dots but also open the possibility of designing gas sensors based on such structures.
A novel m7G-related signature to predict prognosis and immune status in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zheng , Chen Fengzhe , Liu Changhong
Published: January 2023

Background
7-methylguanosine (m7G) is one of the most common RNA methylation modification, which is closely related to the development of many types of tumors. However, the role of m7G-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. We wanted to investigate the influence of m7G-related genes on the prognosis of HCC and establish a novel model to assess the potential prognostic application in HCC.
Methods
Firstly, we screened differentially expressed m7G-related genes in HCC using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, a novel risk model according to the m7G-related genes for prognosis was built via univariate and multivariate regression. Furthermore, its reliability was verified by Kaplan-Meier method, ROC analysis, PCA, and t-SNE analyses. Functional enrichment, immune status, tumor mutation burden, immune checkpoints, patients response to chemotherapeutics were analyzed among the different risk groups. Eventually, the novel m7G-related prognostic signature was validated in external ICGC and human protein atlas database.
Results
27 differentially expressed m7G-related genes were screened, and EIF4E, GEMIN5, WDR4, NCBP2, NUDT5 were used to build a novel prognostic model. Individuals in the high risk category possessed remarkable poorer overall survival than their counterparts. We demonstrated that m7G-related risk model could be utilized as an independent prognostic marker for HCC patients and showed a good concordance with the prediction. We discovered that clinicopathological characteristics, immune cell infiltrations, immune function and tumor microenvironment differed dramatically between two risk groups. Additionally, high risk patients may possess a better response to immunotherapy and chemotherapeutic drug therapy. Finally, ICGC and immunohistochemical images confirmed our results.
Conclusions
This study furnished a novel forecast signature for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients and built a considerable foundation for future researches of the relationships between m7G-related genes and immunity in HCC.
Comparison of protective efficacy between a live attenuated and an inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome vaccine.
Authors: He Yanliang , Li Zhenguang , Su Weiwei , Yue Dongmei , Zhan Caichao , Chen Feng , Yan Xijun , Zhu Guangqiang , Wu Hua
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study was to comparative evaluate the protective efficacy of live attenuated and inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome vaccines. Fifty-five healthy piglets free of PRRSV antigen and antibody were randomly assigned into four groups. Piglets of group 1 (n = 20) were inoculated with PRRS live vaccine TJM-F92 strain (Live vaccine TJM-F92). Piglets of group 2 (n = 20) were inoculated with commercial PRRS inactivated vaccine (Inactivated vaccine). Piglets of group 3 (n = 10) were inoculated with PBS (Negative control). Group 4 (n = 5) remained as a not-immunized and not-challenged control (Mock group). And half of piglets from groups 1 and 2 were randomly selected and challenged with HP-PRRSV TJ strain and PRRSV NADC30-like strain respectively at 49 days post immunization (dpi). Our data showed the level of antibodies arose from live vaccine was significantly higher and faster than that from inactivated vaccine after immunization. Neither high fever nor signs of clinical disease were observed in piglets immunized with live vaccine, whereas piglets in inactivated vaccine group exhibited serious clinical symptoms, pathological lesions, and viremia load after HP-PRRSV TJ strain challenge. No obvious clinical signs, gross pathology lesions and viremia load were found in live vaccine group, while severe clinical signs, pathology change of lungs and high viremia load were recorded in inactivated vaccine group after NADC30-like strain challenge. The results indicated that PRRS live vaccine (TJM-F92 strain) could effectively prevent the infection of HP-PRRSV TJ strain and virulent NADC30-like strain. Immunization with PRRS inactivated vaccine could not effectively arouse immune system and provide strong immune cross-protection. Therefore, it is necessary to select suitable, widely application and effective PRRS vaccine for PRRS control according to the situation of pig farms.
Digital Light Processing 3D Printing for Microfluidic Chips with Enhanced-resolution via Dosing- and Zoning-controlled vat Photopolymerization
Authors: Wang Huanan , Luo Zhiming , Zhang Haoyue , Chen Runze , Li Hanting , Cheng Fang , Zhang Lijun , Liu Jia , Kong tiantian , Zhang Yang
Published: January 2023

Conventional manufacturing techniques to fabricate microfluidic chips like soft lithography and hot embossing processes show limitations including difficulty in preparing multiple-layered structures, cost- and labor-consuming fabrication process, and low productivity. Digital light processing (DLP) technology has recently emerged as a cost-efficient microfabrication approach for 3D printing of microfluidic chips, wherein, however, the fabrication resolution for microchannel is still limited to sub-100 microns at best. We hereby developed an innovative DLP printing strategy for high-resolution and scalable microchannel fabrication via dosing- and zoning-controlled vat photopolymerization (DZC-VPP). Specifically, we proposed a modified mathematical model to precisely predict the accumulated UV irradiance for resin photopolymerization, thereby providing guidance for the fabrication of microchannel with enhanced resolution. By fine-tuning the printing parameters including optical irradiance, exposure time, projection region and step distance, we can precisely tailor the penetration irradiance stemming from the photopolymerization of the neighboring resin layers, therefore avoiding channel blockage due to UV over-exposure or compromised bonding stability owing to insufficient resin curing. Remarkably, this strategy can enable scalable and biocompatible fabrication of microfluidic drop-makers that can be used for cell encapsulation. In general, the current DZC-VPP method can enable major advances in precise and scalable microchannel fabrication, and represents a significant step forward for widespread applications of the microfluidics-based techniques in biomedical fields.
Residual Cholesterol and Residual Inflammation Risk Associated with In-Stent Restenosis
Authors: Ke Bingbing , Shen Aidong , Qiu Hui , Li Weiping , Chen Hui , Li Hongwei
Published: January 2023

Background
Remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) and inflammation are considered risk factors for in-stent restenosis (ISR). We evaluate the combined impact of remnant-C and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) on ISR.
Methods
A total of 1,503 patients were consecutively enrolled in this study. Baseline and follow-up remnant-C and hsCRP concentrations were obtained. The individual and combined effects of remnant-C and hsCRP on ISR were examined.
Results
The median (interquartile range) follow-up for all patients was 2.0 (0.9, 3.9) years, and 244 patients (16.2%) were diagnosed with ISR. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the risk of ISR was higher in patients at the highest quartile of remnant-C (Q4 vs. Q1: adjusted hazard ratio HR 1.482, 95% confidence interval CI 1.013–2.168, p = 0.042, p for trend 0.020) and hsCRP (Q4 vs. Q1: adjusted HR 1.620, 95% CI 1.121–2.339, p = 0.010, p for trend 0.006). Moreover, the combination of high remnant-C and hsCRP produced a higher predictive value (adjusted HR: 1.904; 95% CI: 1.328–2.729; p < 0.001) than low remnant-C and hsCRP. In a subgroup analysis, significant associations were observed between elevated remnant-C and hsCRP concentrations and the risk of ISR (HR 3.071, 95% CI 1.415–6.663, p = 0.005) in patients with LDL-C levels ≤ 1.8 mmol/L.
Conclusions
Our results show that elevated remnant-C or hsCRP is associated with a high risk of ISR. The combined analysis of remnant-C and hsCRP could improve risk identification since high levels significantly increase the risk of ISR.
First study of the helminth community structure of Marmosa constantiae (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) in an ecotone area between Cerrado and Amazonia, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Authors: Silva Beatriz Elise de Andrade , Cardoso Thiago dos Santos , Vilela Roberto do Val , Pacheco Richard de Campos , Rossi Rogério Vieira , de Mendonça Ravena Fernanda B , Júnior Arnaldo Maldonado , Gentile Rosana
Published: January 2023

Marmosa constantiae is a species of marsupial, restricted to the central portion of South America. In Brazil, it is restricted to the states of Acre, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Paraná and Rondônia. However, there is no study of the helminth fauna or helminth community structure for this marsupial. The aims of this study were to describe the species composition and to analyse the structure of the helminthic community of M. constantiae at the infracommunity level in an area of the Amazon Arc in Sinop, north of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Parasites were searched in 53 specimens of this marsupial, among which 44 were infected with at least one helminth species. Parasitic helminths were counted and identified. Nine species were collected: seven nematodes, one cestode and one acanthocephalan. The most abundant species were Gracilioxyuris agilisis, Travassostrongylus scheibelorum, Pterygodermatites sinopiensis and Subulura eliseae. These species were the only dominants in the component community. No significant differences were observed in the abundance and prevalence of helminths between male and female hosts. Host body size significantly influenced the helminth abundance in males. The pattern of community structure considering the infracommunities in this locality indicated more species replacement than species loss along the environmental gradient. This is the first study to analyse the helminth fauna and the helminth community structure of M. constantiae.
The health Care Management of farmers who use pesticides in Northeast Brazil. Use of pesticides and The Care Management
Authors: Silverio Astrid Merino , Cunha Maristela Casé Costa , Almeida Márlon Vinícius Gama
Published: January 2023

In Brazil, the health of communities that use pesticides is still neglected due to the lack of greater social understanding of damage to health and an insufficient care network. The aim of the research was to understand the actions of the health care management network of farmers who use pesticides, in municipalities in the Northeast, Petrolina (PE) and Juazeiro (BA), from the perspective of the health care network (RAS). This is a qualitative research, with a methodological framework based on the Grounded Theory in a constructivist way. 26 health professionals and RAS managers participated, at the municipal and regional levels in Petrolina (PE) and Juazeiro (BA). Two sample groups were composed for data collection, carried out through semi-structured interviews. The analysis resulted in six categories, which, when integrated, made up the theoretical model “Model of care management for riverside farmers”. The RAS must have teams trained in the care of riverside farmers who use pesticides in primary care, and specialized teams in secondary and tertiary care, who are a reference. The theoretical model formulated considers that the RAS, strengthened in terms of diversity of actions and services, will provide better care management for farmers.
Analysis of risk factors for an increase in the cervical sagittal vertical axis after cervical laminectomy with lateral mass screw fixation
Authors: Wu Hong-Jin , Wang Guo-Hua , Wan Wen-Tao , Bian Han-Ming , Zhang Yi-Ming , Di Ming-Yuan , Chen Chao , Zhao Dong , Yang Hai-Yun , Ma Xin-Long , Wang Zheng , Yang Qiang
Published: January 2023

Background: In recent studies on factors affecting quality-of-life (QOL) of patients after cervical laminectomy with fixation, cervical sagittal parameters were considered to have a strong association with the QOL.And among these parameters, the cervical sagittal vertical axis(cSVA) is regarded as the most important one. Therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze risk factors for an increase in the cSVA after cervical laminectomy with lateral mass screw fixation (LLMF).
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 128 patients who underwent LLMF from October 2018 to June 2021. The following parameters were measured: McGregor's slope (McGS), C2 slope (C2S), C2-7 cobb angle (CL), cSVA, and T1 slope (T1S). Two groups were divided according to whether ΔcSVA is positive or negative, including the negative ΔcSVA group (Group N) and the positive ΔcSVA group (Group P). The basic characteristics of patients, clinical outcomes, and imaging parameters of the two groups were compared.
Results: A total of 77 patients were included in this study (46 men and 31 women, a mean age of 61.44 ± 7.23 years, and a mean follow-up time of 18.60 ± 5.20 months). There were 28 patients in Group N and 49 in Group P. Patients in the two groups were similar in basic characteristics. C2S, cSVA, and NDI were significantly different postoperatively (p=0.002,0.001, and 0.031). Group P had larger changes of C2S, cSVA, and T1S than that of Group S (p=0.001,p＜0.001, and p=0.008). ΔcSVA was significantly correlated with ΔMCGS, ΔC2S, and ΔT1S (r=0.310,0.577, and 0.435). Multivariate linear analysis revealed that ΔcSVA was associated with the ΔC2S and ΔT1S (β=0.552 and 0.314). Postoperative C2S demonstrated a significant correlation with clinical outcomes.
Conclusion: A smaller reduction in T1S after LLMF would be a risk factor for an increase in cSVA. Postoperative C2S increases would be necessary to maintain the horizontal gaze and the head's center of gravity if postoperative cSVA increases excessively. Postoperative C2S can also be a good predictor of clinical outcomes.
Trust Aware Secured Energy Efficient Fuzzy Clustering based Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Krantikumar B , Velusamy R Leela
Published: January 2023

Recent advancements in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have generated interest in the field of sensor tracking events. Environment monitoring is one of the most important applications where WSNs are used to guarantee animal conservation. WSNs are crucial in many real-time applications because of their topology, scale, and communication capabilities. Data privacy and integrity are the essential components that maximize network, security, trust and effectiveness. The fundamental problem with WSNs is the effective communication and efficient information exchange among several sensor nodes then extend the lifespan of the WSNs. Along with these issues, it is necessary to measure an optimal path with the highest degree of reliability. In this paper, a new fuzzy and secured clustering algorithm is proposed for improving the energy efficiency and security. In the proposed method, clustering is proved to be the best strategy for energy management of WSN metrics because it uses trust based fuzzy logic to find malicious nodes and selecting reliable path for data communication. The simulation results show that the proposed technique detects progress in relation to a variety of performance parameters. When compared to other various existing protocols, the proposed work reduces energy consumption while increasing network lifetime and security of communication.
In-Silico analysis of TAL1, TAL2 and LYL1 gene associated with T-ALL
Authors: Choudhury Shouhartha
Published: January 2023

Background: The primary tumours-specific TAL1 and TAL2 genes translocate to T-ALL. Precisely, the TAL2 (T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia 2) gene translocates to the chromosome breakpoint of t (7; 9) associated with the T-cell. The TAL2 genes transform in the TCR beta-chain identified in chromosome 7. TAL1 and TAL2 correspond to the LYL1 gene and represent a unique subgroup of bHLH TFs mediators of T-cell leukaemogenesis. Also, the magnitude of a subgroup of bHLH TFs (TAL1/TAL2 and LYL1) genes conserve in evolution. Those nuclear transcription factor genes control the malignant growth of lymphocytes.
Objective: The study aimed to investigate a subgroup of bHLH TFs of TAL1, TAL2, and LYL1 genes in the mammalian genomes. An analysis of the T-ALL-associated genes is mandatory to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in chromosomal breakpoint and translocation in particular organisms.
Methods: Analysis data summarized the number of TAL1, TAL1, and LYL1 genes and particular bHLH domains in the two different genomes. Observation data suggested the tumour-specific translocation of the TAL1, TAL2, and LYL1 genes in humans. Also, the conserved domain, motifs, phylogeny, gene expression, chromosome location and gene network analysis documented a subgroup of bHLH transcription factor genes associated with T-ALL.
Conclusions: The wealth of new reports supported unique genetic and phenotypic attributes of T-cell-leukaemogenesis. Some advanced reports and new approaches also promote conventional wisdom. So, this study concluded a subgroup of bHLH transcription factor genes linked with the progress of T-cell leukaemogenesis.
Biogeochemical interface development in a model carbonate-clayey soil
Authors: Sofinskaya Oxana A. , Mannapova Liaisan M. , Usmanov Rustem M. , Galieva Albina R. , Leonova Lyubov V. , Muraviev Fedor A.
Published: January 2023

The present paper is aimed at studying hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions via the modeling behavior of carbonate-clayey soil in a laboratory experiment. The typical aspects of human impact on the biogeochemical processes of natural soils such as decompression, disintegration, hydration and introducing easily oxidized organic matter were simulated. The experimental settings were adjusted regarding common field conditions for the clay near-surface layers in the temperate zone. The model system consisted of a carbonate-clayey soil, filtering water, and a psychrophilic microbial community desorbed from cave calcite formations (speleothems). The carbonate-clayey soil was collected from eluvium on red clay bedrock deposits of the Permian system along the right bank of the Volga River in the Republic of Tatarstan. The microbial community was stimulated with a modified R2A growth medium and inoculated into the clay using ceramic carrier discs. In order to explain the results of the experiment auxiliary materials presented simplified systems of the carbonate clay components were used. Soil properties such as the size distribution of mechanically strong particles and microaggregates, mineral composition, organic matter content, water wettability, and the chemical composition of filtered water were determined. The experiment being carried out during six months showed the appearance of new hydrophobic contacts between soil particles, crystalline cement deposition and the high sensitivity of these processes to microbial activity. The results of the study may help in understanding the processes that occur when foundations for constructions or underground facilities contact microbially produced substances, as well as predicting soil weathering.
Variability in soil quality among smallholder macadamia farms in Malawi
Authors: Zuza Emmanuel Junior , Maseyk Kadmiel , Bhagwat Shonil A. , Chemura Abel , Brandenburg Rick , Emmott Andrew , Rawes Will , Hancock Wayne , Mnthambala Frank , Araya Yoseph N.
Published: January 2023

Declining soil fertility limits smallholder macadamia productivity in Malawi. In order to reverse this trend, it is essential to apply organic and inorganic fertilisers in an efficient and effective manner. Yet, fertiliser recommendations for smallholder macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) production in Malawi are not site-specific. Nutrient imbalances can occur if fertilisers are applied without a clear understanding of whether they are required or not. This may lead to yield losses, unnecessary costs, and other environmental issues associated with excess fertiliser application. To address this knowledge gap, our study examined the current soil fertility status among smallholder macadamia farms in Malawi. Specifically, the objective was to establish an evidence base for promoting soil fertility restoration interventions for smallholder macadamia production. One hundred and eighty nine soil samples at a depth of 0–15 cm were collected from sixty three smallholder macadamia farms belonging to the Highlands Macadamia Cooperative Union Limited members in central and southern Malawi. We found that the majority of the soils were sandy loams (52%), strongly acidic (mean pH ≤ 5.1), and deficient in essential nutrients required for the healthy growth of macadamia. The soils had an average low cation exchange capacity of 1.67 cmol (+) kg− 1, which is inadequate for macadamia cultivation. Over half of the sampled soils had very low organic matter content (≤ 1%). The low soil organic matter content, coupled with the sandy texture and high acidity, contributed to the observed low concentrations of essential nutrients and cation exchange capacity. Poor agronomic practices and the long-term uptake of nutrients by macadamia trees and annual crops are responsible for this low soil fertility. Altogether, our findings underscore the urgent need to identify and implement more sustainable and effective soil nutrient management practices that help to improve the soil fertility of macadamia farms under smallholder systems.
Sourcing Third Party Logistics Service Providers based on Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance: A Case Study
Authors: Moreira Otacilio , Rodrigues Maria Carolina
Published: January 2023

The acronym ESG, environmental, social and governance, emerges as a strong trend in the era of the circular economy and stands out as a need for companies to respond to the segment in which they operate. Although most studies have been done in the past, they did not address ESG criteria to ensure operator exemption for logistics providers. Further research on the application of realistic circular economy techniques is recommended. Therefore, strategic sourcing, based on multicriteria decision analysis (MDA), considering parameters such as economic, technical, and environmental factors, has created a perfect methodology that considers all these essential requirements, revealing an excellent way to outsource logistics service providers (LSPs). The article aims to examine a Brazilian pharmaceutical company during a procurement’s strategic sourcing process through a bibliographic revision supported by a case study. The main objective is to prove the effectiveness of the Multicriteria Decision Analysis tool in awarding the best LSP through predefined dimensions involving human resources, risk management, environmental and other social aspects, indicating dedication and commitment to socioenvironmental issues and corporate governance.
Burnout syndrome among healthcare professionals in Fako division Cameroon: impact of physical activity and sleep quality
Authors: Lele Elysée Claude Bika , Ndongo Jerson Mekoulou , Ashu-akoh Vera Ako , Ahmadou . , Ngalagou Pierre Tchienrg Moueleu , Guyot Jessica , Bongue Bienvenu , Tendongfor Nicholas , Ayina Clarisse Noel Ayina , Tanga Marie Yvonne Lobe , Mandengue Samuel Honoré , Ndemba Peguy Brice Assomo
Published: January 2023

Burnout syndrome (BOS) is an affection mostly resulting from chronic job-related stress. Many studies have identified job-related and non- job-related factors associated with BOS. The aim of this study was to assess the level of BOS in private and public hospital healthcare providers in Fako division, Cameroon and evaluate the impact of physical activity and sleep quality (SQ). The study was carried out in five randomly selected hospitals in Fako Division over a three-month period. Consenting doctors, nurses and laboratory technicians were recruited using consecutive sampling method. Sociodemographic and professional characteristics were collected using structured questionnaire. BOS was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Sleep quality (SQ) and physical activity (PA) were assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) respectively. Odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and a statistical significance was set for p-value < 0.05. Mean age was 32 ± 6 years and 70.9% female). BOS prevalence was 66.3% with 71.4% in female and 53.9% in male (p = 0.002). Of the 232 participants with BOS, 65.7%, 52% and 53.7% had moderate to high emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and decreased personal accomplishment respectively. Moderate to high PA as well as poor SQ were not significantly associated with BOS while longer sleep duration (> 8h) was associated with a greater odd of BOS. The prevalence of BOS was high among healthcare professionals. While PA showed no protective effects, high sleep duration could increase it risk.
Amino Acids - Profile of the muscle of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii from the Aquaculture Pond, Kattur, Chennai Area, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Ambrose Paulraj , Narasimman Manickam , Ayyanar Shenbaga Devi , Perumal Santhanam , Kareem Altaff , Sundaramoorthy Dhanasundaram , Rajagopal Bhuvaneswari
Published: January 2023

The free amino acid - profiles of the pond-cultured giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii were evaluated. The M. rosenbergii was collected from the natural pond culture sites that showed reasonably good growth and survival of adults of male, female and stunted animals. Totally 15 amino acids were detected in normal male and female adults. Whereas 14 amino acids were detected in the stunted animals and threonine was not detected in the stunted animal. Three non-essential amino acids, four conditional essential amino acids, and eight essential amino acids were recorded in the tissues of M. rosenbergii. The aspartic acid contributed a higher value in all three tissue samples; 185.3, 138.76, and 274.09 µL/mL in male, female and stunted animals respectively. The arginine was found to be the lowest value in the male (2.5 µL/mL) and in the stunted animals (3.78 µL/mL) but in the normal male the glycine was the lowest value (2.38 µL/mL). In the normal male, tyrosine, serine, and glutamic acid were at the highest concentrations but in the normal female, the glutamic acid, Leucine, and tyrosine contributed to the higher-level amino acids. However, in the stunted one, serine, leucine, and histidine (96.98, 81.62, and 63.59 µl/ml, respectively) showed the same values as glutamic and tyrosine. The overall amount of essential amino acids was higher in female prawns than in male and stunted ones. In contrast, the non-essential amino acid content was higher in the stunted shrimp. Therefore, stunted prawns can be used as good nutritional food for human consumption.
Prognosis and personalized treatment prediction of IGF2BP2- mediated m6A modification patterns in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Chen Dongjie , Zang Longjun , Gao Wenzhe , Zhang Xianlin , Li Zheng , Shu Yufeng , Zhu Hongwei , Yu Xiao
Published: January 2023

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant digestive system tumor with a very poor prognosis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is mediated by a variety of readers and participates in important regulatory roles in PC. Therefore, it is necessary to screen out its specific modification mode from the m6A readers, and deeply explore its mechanism and its pharmacogenomic characteristics, so as to provide a new direction for the precision treatment of PC.
Methods: Based on TCGA-PAAD, PACA-AU, PACA-CA, GSE28735 and GSE62452 datasets, we explored the specific variations of m6A readers at the multi-omics level. An unsupervised consensus clustering algorithm was used to explore the correlation between specific expression patterns of m6A readers in PC and enrichment pathways, tumor immunity and clinical molecular subtypes. Then, the principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm was used to quantify specific expression patterns and screen core gene. Machine learning algorithms such as Bootstrapping and RSF were used to quantify the expression patterns of core gene and construct a prognostic scoring model for PC patients. What’s more, pharmacogenomic databases were used to screen sensitive drug targets and small molecule compounds for high-risk PC patients in an all-around and multi-angle way.
Results: We mapped the multi-omics changes of m6A readers in PC and found that m6A readers, especially IGF2BP family genes, had specific changes and were significantly associated with poor prognosis. Otherwise, two specific expression patterns of the m6A readers were constructed and IGF2BP2 was identified as the core gene. We confirmed that abnormally high expression of IGF2BP2 was associated with enrichment and activation of cell cycle and tumor-related pathways in PC patients. Then, a poor prognostic signature (PPS) including 13 genes (FNDC3B, L1CAM, PLXNA1, HMGA2, FAM110B, FAM83A, COX7A1, PMAIP1, KIF20B, SPDL1, SNCG, TGM2 and MUC16) was constructed. Finally, we identified seven therapeutic targets (FOXM1, PRC1, CCNB1, SLC16A3, CCNA2, GGCX, and AURKA) and two agents (Tipifarnib and Vemurafenib) for high-PPS score patients.
Conclusion: Our study has not only provided new insights into personalized prognostication approaches, but also thrown light on integrating tailored risk stratification with precision therapy based on IGF2BP2-mediated m6A modification patterns.
Simulation of droplet impact dynamics on V-shaped walls
Authors: Wu Guoqiang , Chen Sheng
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the morphological evolution characteristics of a droplet impacting a V-shaped wall by using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). Four parameters are investigated comprehensively. The parameters vary over wide ranges: surface wettability (60o ≤ θeq ≤ 120o), Weber number (102.27 ≤ We ≤ 3681.82), bending angle of the V-shaped wall (90o ≤ θ ≤ 180o), and eccentricity ratio (0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5). Two types of collision are observed: deposition and breakage. For breakage, the number of satellite droplets increases against the increment of We. The splashing occurs for a high We. And the lamella ejection is observed on the hydrophilic wall and the neutral wall. The lamella ejection will be slight against the increase of θeq, while it will become obvious against the increment of θ. In addition, the nondimensional spreading length, width, and height are measured and analyzed. A regime map is established based on We and θ.
Long-Term Full-Scale Intelligent Quotient Outcomes Following Pediatric and Childhood Epilepsy Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Arfaie Saman , Amin Pouya , Kwan Angela T.H. , Solgi Arad , Sarabi Ali , Hakak-Zargar Benyamin , Brunette-Clément Tristan , Pushenko Denys , Mir-Moghtadaei Kamran , Mashayekhi Mohammad Sadegh , Mofatteh Mohammad , Honarvar Faraz , Ren Lily Yuxi , Noiseux-Lush Camille , Azizi Zahra , Pearl Phillip L. , Baldeweg Torsten , Weil Alexander , Fallah Aria
Published: January 2023

Objective: Cognitive measures are an important primary outcome of pediatric, adolescents, and childhood epilepsy surgery. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess whether there are long-term alterations (≥ 5 years) in the Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) of pediatric patients undergoing epilepsy surgery.
Methods: Electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Scopus) were searched for English articles from inception to October 2022 that examined intelligence outcomes in pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. Inclusion criteria were defined as the patient sample size of ≥ 5, average follow- up of ≥5 years, and surgeries performed on individuals ≤ 18 years old at the time of surgery. Exclusion criteria consisted of palliative surgery, animal studies, and studies not reporting surgical or FSIQ outcomes. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) toolset was used for quality appraisal of the selected articles. A random- effects network meta-analysis was performed to compare FSIQ between surgical patients at baseline and follow-up and Mean Difference (MD) was used to calculate the effect size of each study. Point estimates for effects and 95% confidence intervals for moderation analysis were performed on variables putatively associated with the effect size.
Results: 21,408 studies were screened for abstract and title. Of these, 797 fit our inclusion and exclusion criteria and proceeded to full-text screening. Overall, seven studies met our requirements and were selected. Quantitative analysis was performed on these studies (N = 330). The mean long-term difference between pre- and post- operative FSIQ scores across all studies was noted at 3.36 [95% CI: (0.14, 6.57), p = 0.04, I2 = 0%] and heterogeneity was low.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis to measure the long-term impacts of FSIQ in pediatric and adolescent epilepsy patients. Our overall results in this meta-analysis indicate that while most studies do not show long-term FSIQ deterioration in pediatric patients who underwent epilepsy surgery, the observed changes were not clinically significant. Moreover, at the individual patient level analysis, while most children did not show long-term FSIQ deterioration, few had significant decline. These findings indicate the importance of surgery as a viable option for pediatric patients with medically refractory epilepsy.
Quantum Thermodynamics applied for Quantum Refrigerators cooling down a qubit
Authors: Okane Hideaki , Kamimura Shunsuke , Kukita Shingo , Kondo Yasushi , Matsuzaki Yuichiro
Published: January 2023

We discuss a quantum refrigerator to increase the ground state probability of a target qubit whose energy difference between the ground and excited states is less than the thermal energyof its environment. We consider two types of quantum refrigerators: (1) one extra qubit with frequent pulse operations and(2) two extra qubits without them. These two types of refrigerators are evaluated from the viewpoint of quantum thermodynamics. More specifically,we calculate the heat removed from the target qubit, the work done for the system, and the coefficient of performance (COP), the ratio between the heat ant work.We show that the COP of the second type outperforms that of the first one.Our results are useful to design a high-performance quantum refrigerator cooling down a qubit.
Design of a Novel Dual-Polarized Microwave Sensor for Human Bone Fracture Detection Using Reactive Impedance Surfaces
Authors: Moqadam Aslan Nouri , Kazemi Robab
Published: January 2023

In this paper, a novel miniaturized dual-polarized transceiver sensor using a reactive impedance surface (RIS) is presented for detecting fractures in human bone tissues. A RIS structure comprised of elegantly arranged rectangular patch elements are placed at the back of the radiating square patch antenna. The RIS reduces the overall dimensions of the sensor by 30% compared to a conventional patch resonator. Reducing the size results in better detection of bone fractures. Furthermore, a novel dielectric plano-concave lens is introduced between the patch antenna and the body tissue as a matching medium to concentrate and penetrate higher levels of EM power in the tissues as well as conform the curvy shape of the body. A few via holes, filled with a lossy dielectric material similar to human fat tissue, are embedded in the lens to increase the insertion loss in the presence of the cracked bone for easier crack detection. Because of the higher conductivity of blood filling the crack, insertion loss increases when scanning the damaged area. Without the use of the proposed lens, this increase in loss compared to normal bone is negligible and the crack is undetectable. Hence, by utilizing the proposed lens, it is possible to sense the difference between cracked and normal bones, and as a result, the resolution of the images in the raster scan is improved. In the proposed configuration, two sensors as a transmitter and a receiver are placed opposite each other on the tissue and move along the tissue simultaneously. The amount of EM power collected by the receiver can be determined by measuring the S-parameters; these parameters are used for construction of the images of the fractured bones. Several cases of bone fractures with horizontal and vertical orientations and width of at least 1 mm are evaluated through full-wave simulations. Narrow cracks in the millimeter range are precisely detected and localized with the help of the proposed sensor. The experimental measurements are carried out on a semi-solid modified human mimicking phantom. Scattering parameters are evaluated at each step of the raster scan to sense the difference between the presence or absence of cracks in the bone tissue. Bone fractures are clearly observed in the images constructed from the phases of the insertion losses between two transceiver sensors and from the contrast between the crack and the surrounding tissue. Orientation of the fracture is also determined by switching between two orthogonal polarizations. Great agreement between the experimental and simulation results is observed, which validates the reliability of the proposed system. Stable performance in the vicinity of different human bodies and higher concentration and penetration of power to increase detection accuracy are the prominent features of the proposed sensor.
Evaluation of the Dislodgement Force of Splinted Restorations with Engaging Conical Abutments over Multiple Nonparallel Implants (In-Vitro Study)
Authors: Khamis Mohamed Moataz , Zakaria Niveen Hazem , Farrag Khaled Mohamed , Abolgheit Salma
Published: January 2023

Background
The use of engaging abutments with splinted cement retained restorations with screw access channels is essential to maintain abutment orientation. The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the maximum degree of divergence between 2 adjacent implants with conical connections that allows insertion and removal of a splinted screw-retained restoration with engaging preparable abutments or titanium base abutments.
Methods
Two implants were aligned in a stone base, one straight and the other at an angle ranging from 0–20 degrees. The implants represented an implant system that had an internal conical connection and a hexed abutment engaging the base of the connection. Two straight preparable engaging cement retained abutments were screwed onto the implants and splinted together using acrylic resin. A total of 11 angles were tested, with 7 specimens for every angle. Evaluation of dislodging force was performed by pulling out the splinted abutments after unscrewing them. This was performed subjectively by 3 blinded investigators who applied a tactile pulling force. A scale of 0–10 was used to estimate the pulling force. Objectively the dislodging force was measured in Newtons using a universal testing machine. A statistical correlation was made between the subjective and objective dislodging force values using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.
Results
The mean subjective values increased gradually from 0 to 16 degrees. A sudden rise was noticed at 18 degrees (9.71 ± 0.23) and, at 20 degrees, the investigators were not able to remove the splinted abutments from the implants. The mean objective dislodgement force values increased gradually from 0 to16 degrees and abruptly from 16 degrees (13.57 ± 0.45 N) to 18 degrees (25.40 ± 0.66 N) and 20 degrees (35.22 ± 0.64). The correlation between the subjective and the objective evaluations assessed using the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.98 indicating a statistically significant correlation (P < .001). As the objective dislodging force increased, the subjective dislodgement difficulty increased.
Conclusions
Splinting cement retained restorations with screw access channels on engaging abutments is possible when multiple implants with conical connections having an internal flare angle of 8 degrees are used, with implant divergence of up to 16 degrees.