bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Factors That Influencing Freelance Copy-Writers to Endure on Uncertainty Job and Career (Systematic Literature Review on Freelancer in Indonesia)
Authors:   State University of Malang, Jl. Semarang 5 Malang, Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang City, Indonesia, Alfirdaus Arief Ahmad Kevin
Published: November 2022

In my previous thesis research, the author used eight resource people from various workplaces to examine the phenomena of flexible working hours in the world of work for journalists under the title "Analysis of the Management of Flexible Working Hours of Online Media Journalists in Malang City." Flexible working hours have had both positive and negative effects on performance, workload, and self-efficacy, according to certain interviewee responses. The author's latest research, Freelancer, aims to outline some of the issues that have recently arisen as more and more people feel at ease working as freelancers across a range of professions. Submitted by katadata.co.id on May 6, 2022 According to the Indonesian Employers Association (Apindo), the COVID-19 epidemic has caused layoffs that have impacted 30% of the workforce. The number of people who lost their jobs across the country is almost thought to have reached 15 million. Even if the term "freelance" is not new, this freelancer is a short-term refuge for workers who are being laid off or are affected by layoffs and can exist by becoming independent contractors. The author's decision to address numerous issues and the reasons why some Freelancers are beginning to feel at ease working in accordance with goals and reducing their desire to sit in the office is due to the changes and interests of the workforce that have occurred widely in Indonesia.
A mesterséges intelligencia alkalmazásának adatvédelmi aggályai a közigazgatásban
Authors: Kollár Gergő
Published: November 2022

A Mesterséges Intelligenciák (MI) – tágabban megfogalmazva az algoritmusvezérelt folyamatok – alkalmazási kérdéseinek aktualitását az információ- és kommunikációtechnológia gyors fejlődése indukálja. Minden előnyével és hátrányával együtt ez kétségtelenül meghatározó tényező mind a köz-, mind a magánszféra szereplői számára, ezért is válhatott a digitalizáció egyik központi célkitűzésévé az európai és hazai közigazgatásnak. A fejlődési cél szem előtt tartása mellett azonban nem szabad megfeledkezni a kockázatokról, amelyek különösen nagy hatást gyakorolhatnak az emberi méltóságra és annak védelmére, a természetes személyek magánszférájába való aránytalan beavatkozás, valamint a személyes adataiknak nem megfelelő kezelése által. Jelen kutatás célja a közigazgatási rendszerek általi MI használat központi adatvédelmi aggályainak azonosítása. Ehhez a szükséges mértékben a közigazgatásban alkalmazható algoritmusok jelenlegi és lehetséges felhasználási területeinek feltárására és az Általános Adatvédelmi Rendelet mesterséges intelligenciával kapcsolatos szabályozási megközelítésének vizsgálatára is sor kerül.
Nemzetközi kitekintés a post-mortem adatvédelemre
Authors: Puskás Tamás
Published: November 2022

A huszonegyedik században, a keletkező nagy mennyiségű adat okán kiemelt figyelmet kell fordítanunk azok védelmére. Az életünk során hatalmas adathalmaz keletkezik rólunk, mely valós személyünktől akár teljesen elkülönülhet. Halálunkat követően ezek a rólunk tárolt információk, az online személyiségünk önállósodnak, tovább élnek, mely okot adhat az ezekkel kapcsolatos védelem kérdésének felvetésére. A cikkben egy nemzetközi kitekintést teszek, mely során megvizsgálom különböző külföldi államok jogszabályait, és a post-mortem adatvédelemre vonatkozó szabályozási megoldásait.
Heart rate variability during speed-strength load of athletes after hypoventilation training
Authors: Vaguine Yu. E. , Klassina S. Ya. , Fudin N. A.
Published: November 2022

Objective: to study the variability of the heart rate of athletes during hypoventilation training, which provides an increase in the result of speed-strength load.

Materials and methods: Athletes performed speed-strength load with their hands on a training apparatus against the background of maximum voluntary breath holding before and after hypoventilation training. The duration of breath holding, the number of power movements, parameters of heart rate variability and electromyography were measured.

Results: After hypoventilation training of athletes at rest, parasympathetic influences on the heart rate increased, which led to an increase in the total power of the heart rate spectrum from 3201 ± 520 to 4047 ± 585 ms2, the power of the low frequency of the heart rate spectrum from 1458 ± 216 to 2055 ± 392 ms2 and the standard deviation of the duration of adjacent cardiac cycles from 45 ± 5 to 52 ± 4 ms. Sympathetic influences increased during exercise against the background of maximum voluntary breath holding. The longer maximum voluntary breath holding was, the more power movements the athletes performed.

Conclusion: Hypoventilation training changed the vagosympathetic balance of the athletes’ body, increasing their performance and hypoxic resistance.
Vaccination as an immune system status optimization tool for the high-performance sports: review
Authors: Konovalov I. V. , Zholinsky A. V. , Alpatov S. P. , Zorenko A. V. , Tochtieva N. V. , Romanov B. K. , Parastaev S. A.
Published: November 2022

Objective: consideration of the importance of vaccination as a preventive measure of support the athlets immunne system in conditions of extreme physical exertion and increased epidemic risks.

Materials and methods: analysis of local and foreign dates of immunocorrection and vaccination problems.

Results: the presented review provides an integral assessment of the transitory immunosuppression, developing by the intensive training and competitive activities — exercise-induced immunosuppression. These dates described as an “open window” syndrome and characterized by an increased risk of viral and/or bacterial infection with predominant damage of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract. Widespread immunoprophylaxis provides an effective and relatively safe method of infectious control at risk groups including athletes.

Conclusion: Vaccines of National Immunization Schedule and Epidemiological Immunization Schedule provide complex impact to the athletes immune status in wide variety of physical and psychological stresses. Vaccination increases the ability of specific and nonspecific resistance to infections that provide significant prevention of the “open window” syndrome.
GADOLINIUM OXIDE DISSOLUTION KINETICS IN CHLORIDE GdCl3-KCl MELT ACCORDING TO RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY DATA
Authors: Zakiryanova I. D.
Published: November 2022

Using in situ Raman spectroscopy, the chemical mechanism of gadolinium oxide dissolution in the GdCl3-KCl melt is established. The changes in the normalized intensities of the vibrational bands is used to determine the kinetic parameters of the ongoing chemical reaction. It is established that the concentration of the reagent — gadolinium oxide — decreases with time according to an exponential law, the order of the reaction with respect to Gd2O3 is the first. It is shown that the introduction of gadolinium oxide into the melt in an amount exceeding its solubility leads to the formation of a solid phase of gadolinium oxychloride GdOCl.
USE OF SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS FOR STUDYING MORPHOLOGY OF POLYMER TRACK MEMBRANES
Authors: Markova A. I. , Grigoreva I. A. , Ivanova A. I. , Khizhnyak S. D. , Ruehl E. , Pakhomov P. M.
Published: November 2022

The morphology of track membranes based on polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene with different track diameters and their surface densities were studied by UV, IR, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM method was used to plot the distribution curves of the number of tracks depending on their average size (diameter). Similar distribution curves were obtained using UV and IR spectroscopy. Good agreement was found between the data of independent methods of optical spectroscopy

and SEM. It is shown that with an increase in the surface density of tracks, the background elastic scattering in the Raman spectra increases linearly. It is proposed to use the observed effect in the Raman spectra to estimate the surface track density of polymer track membranes.
DEPENDENCE OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TWO-LAYERED METAL-DIELECTRIC SPHERICAL NANOPARTICLES ON TEMPERATURE
Authors: Pustovalov V. K. , Astafyeva L. G.
Published: November 2022

The dependences of the efficiency factors of radiation absorption by spherical hybrid nanoparticles of the core-shell system, respectively, with gold-quartz and quartz-gold materials with core radii r0 = 40, 50, 60, 70 nm and shell thicknesses Δr1 = 10, 20, 30 nm in the wavelength range of 300–3000 nm at temperatures of particles and surrounding quartz T = 300, 1173 K are theoretically calculated and studied. Essential change of radiation absorption by a nanoparticle is established with an increase of temperatures of nanoparticles and environment. The change of optical properties of nanoparticles significantly influences the efficiency of energy absorption of solar or optical radiation by nanoparticles, heating temperature of nanoparticles and environment and further thermal processes. The results are interesting for purposes of creation of high-temperature solid nanostructured absorbers of solar radiation containing absorbing radiation of a nanoparticle and also for creation of new materials for high-temperature nanophotonics.
INVESTIGATION OF THE FEATURES OF THE SURFACE STRUCTURE OF TWODIMENSIONAL LAYERED MATERIALS Ti3C2Tx (T — ОН, О, F) BY INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY METHODS
Authors: Ivanovskaya M. I. , Ovodok E. A. , Poznyak S. K. , Kotsikau D. A. , Svito I. A.
Published: November 2022

The methods of infrared (IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy (RS) are herein used to characterize the features of the surface state of Ti3C2Tx (T = OH–, O2–, F–) layered materials obtained in the form of powder and two-dimensional (2D) particles forming a stable colloidal solution. A powdered sample of Ti3C2Тх is obtained by removing aluminum from Ti3AlC2 by treatment in an HF solution, 2D Ti3C2Тх particles are obtained by treating Ti3AlC2 in an HCl+LiF solution followed by sonication. The phase composition and morphology of the samples are studied by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. The IR and Raman spectroscopy methods permitted to differentiate the presence of terminal groups (O2–, OH–, F–) of various nature with a quantitative predominance of the OH form in the Ti3C2Tx powder sample and OH and fluoride ions in 2D Ti3C2Tx particles, and also detect the presence of TiOx impurities.
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF PHOTON COUNTING HISTOGRAMS IN FLUORESCENCE FLUCTUATION SPECTROSCOPY EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Skakun V. V. , Yatskou M. M. , Nederveen-Schippers L. , Kortholt A. , Apanasovich V. V.
Published: November 2022

An integrated approach based on the use of data mining methods has been proposed to improve the efficiency of the analysis of photon counting histograms in the study of the molecular composition of a substance by the method of fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy. The method of principal components is used to test the hypothesis about the cluster separability of multidimensional experimental data. The reason for the compression of a point cloud into a characteristic nonlinearity, or so-called arc-shaped cloud, in the space of first two principal components is investigated. Examples of simulated data sets on some selected molecular systems of various brightness and concentration are considered. Nonlinear effects complicate interpretation and subsequent quantitative analysis of data. It has been established that the arching of the data cloud is a consequence of the presence of a significant variation in one or more physical parameters. In particular, it is the result of a significant increase in the variation in the parameters of the brightness or concentration of molecules. These parameters can be as additional measure in assessing the quality of the experiments if only one type of molecule is studied, and also can be used for characterizing the system under study in the case of a mixture of molecules of different types. It is proposed to apply the locally weighted scatterplot smoothing normalization to eliminate the nonlinear effects in the space of principal components.
Iron quartzites of the Simandou mountain (Republic of Guinea)
Authors: Bolonin Alexander , Mamedov Vladimir , Myznikov Igor
Published: November 2022

In this article, we for the first time fully describe the geology and petrography of the iron quartzite formation, localized in Southeast Guinea in the Simandou mountain range. In this region, a meridional distribution belt of banded magnetite quartzites (itabirite) of the Lower Proterozoic Simandou metamorphic series has been mapped. The rocks form an extended (210 km) and narrow (0.4-7 km) complex synclinal structure in the background of the Archean granite-gneiss basement. The structure of the Simandou metamorphic series includes the lower sequence of metaterrigenous rocks up to 400-500 m thick (metasandstone, quartzite, phyllite, mica schist) and the upper itabiritic sequence up to 220-450 m thick. The metamorphism of the rocks of the series increases from north to south from the greenschist to epidoteamphibolite facies. Members of two varieties of banded iron rocks are distinguished in the itabiritic stratum - itabirite and amphibole itabirite. The composition of itabirite is (wt %): magnetite 51-55, quartz 48-36, and the rest is cummingtonite and mica. The composition of amphibole itabirite is (wt %): magnetite 39-47, quartz 31- 30, amphibole (cummingtonite) 24-15, the rest is hedenbergite, mica and calcite. Rich martite and hematitegoethite ores (60-66% Fe) are formed in the lateritic weathering crust after itabirite, forming manto deposits with a depth of 9 to 350 m.
Beliefs about the Benefits and Barriers to Physical Activity Promotion for Cancer Patients among Nurses in Malaysia
Authors: Hui Li Teh , Yusuf Azlina
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) can improve survival and quality of life in chronic diseases including cancer. Given the scarcity of research on nurses’ beliefs that used a psychology perspective, the purpose of this study was to determine nurses’ beliefs about the benefits and barriers to physical activity promotion for cancer patients at a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on nurses (n=104) at one Malaysian tertiary teaching hospital, using a simple random sampling method. A self-administered online questionnaire was surveyed from January until March 2021. The data was analysed using Pearson correlation analysis and an independent T-test with a significant level of p ≤.0.05. Results: 80.8% of nurses perceived the benefits of physical activity promotion for improving mental health in cancer patients. Lack of time (30.8%), patients appearing tired or unwilling to cooperate (20.2%), and a lack of knowledge (16.3%) were the barriers to physical activity. There was no correlation between beliefs about the benefits of physical activity promotion and age (p=0.908), working experience (p=0.982), ward type (p=0.666) or the average number of cancer patients cared (p=0.144). Conclusion: Nurses’ perspectives on the benefits of physical activity promotion for cancer patients support the use of planned behaviour theory for evidence-based nursing practice. There were, however, barriers to encouraging cancer patients to engage in physical activity. As a result, as a setting for health promotion, the tertiary teaching hospital must raise awareness, facilitate, and encourage nurses to engage in physical activity promotion behaviours.
Exploring Women’s Challenge to Pap Smear Attendance and Colposcopy Referral: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mohammed Ali Suhailah , Salih Hewa Sattar , Saadoon Naji Yasser
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The greatest protection against cervical cancer can be achieved through the combination of cervical screening via repeated Pap tests and HPV vaccination before first sexual intercourse. This study aimed to explore women’s perceptions and experiences of Pap test and colposcopy examination to avoid advance stage of cervical cancer. Methods: An exploratory qualitative approach was carried out using face-to face semi-structured interviews with 22 women attending for their Pap test appointment or colposcopy examination in the main hospital in Kirkuk, Iraq. The study took place between October 2019 and March 2020. The collected data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Results: The findings revealed gap in knowledge regarding Pap test and colposcopy investigation among participants. Overall, three main categories emerged during data analyses namely, women’s awareness of Pap test; challenges to access cervical screening and colposcopy services; women’s views and suggestions to improve their access to cervical screening cervices. Conclusion: Currently, women living in Iraq have no access to regular cervical screening due to unavailability of the cervical screening programme in Iraq. This study provides evidence to develop strategies to enhance the existing cervical cancer prevention services. Health policy makers should consider the establishment of regular population based cervical screening. Health promotion efforts and interventions should focus on challenges and barriers influence the screening behavior among women living in Iraq.
Patient Involvement in Decision-Making of Nursing Care from the Nurses’ Perspectives
Authors: Syed Mokhtar Sharifah Mardhiah , Atan Ashikin , Siew Pien Lee
Published: November 2022

Introduction: High-quality care renders patients to be fully informed and involved in the decision-making process. A literature review also reveals that the involvement of patients in healthcare has been associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, it rarely happens as several studies demonstrated that patient involvement in decision-making is lacking worldwide. Hence, health professionals, especially nurses, play an important role in patient involvement in decision-making as they are mostly engaged with patients during the care plan. This study aimed to assess the nurses’ perceptions and their role on patient involvement in nursing care decision-making. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at one of the university hospitals in Malaysia. About 105 nurses from 3 major departments (internal medicine, general surgery, and orthopaedic) were involved in this study. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. Results: The result showed that most of the nurses agree their patient involvement in decision-making relates to their encouragement to participate as well as having opportunity and enough information to participate. However, many of the nurses believe that they have to decide for their patients. Besides, a significant association between nurses’ years of service and their perception of patient’s involvement in decision-making (p = 0.01) was noted. Similarly, there is a significant association between the nurses’ department and their preferred role with p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates the need to further improve nurses’ awareness of the importance and benefits of patient involvement in decisions related to their nursing care.
The “Paradox of Singleton” in the Deontic Logic: Maximus the Confessor et alii
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lourié B
Published: November 2022

Since Aristotle, it is assumed, in deontic logics, that the free will of an agent requires necessarily a possibility of choice between no less than two alternatives. This condition was not sine qua non in the Byzantine theology. The free will without a choice between different alternatives was also conceivable. The situation of “choice from one”, where the set of alternatives is a singleton, was considered as distinct from the situation when the set of alternatives is void. The implied deontic logic is paracomplete
A Semi-Automatic Approach Based on the Method of Manufactured Solutions to Assess the Convergence Order in OpenFOAM
Authors: Bruno Bruno , Costa Ricardo , Chinesta Francisco , Nóbrega J. Miguel
Published: November 2022

Code verification is an intricate and crucial part of code developed. Due to the nature of the partial differential equations being solved, an analytical solution might not exit. To prove that the code is solving the correct equations, the method of manufactured solutions (MMS) is the go to approach. In this method we create a forcing term to drive the solution to a predetermined function.
By performing a mesh refinement study, we can verify if the code is solving correctly the governing equations. In this work, we present the procedure of MMS as well as a tool developed in an open-source software for symbolic computation of the forcing term, appropriate boundary conditions and error norm computation withing the OpenFOAM® framework.
SMLFire1.0: a stochastic machine learning (SML) model for wildfire activity in the western United States
Authors: Buch Jatan , Williams A. Park , Juang Caroline S. , Hansen Winslow D. , Gentine Pierre
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The annual area burned due to wildfires in the western United States (WUS) increased by more than 300 % between 1984 and 2020. However, accounting for the nonlinear, spatially heterogeneous interactions between climate, vegetation, and human predictors driving the trends in fire frequency and sizes at different spatial scales remains a challenging problem for statistical fire models. Here we introduce a novel stochastic machine learning (SML) framework, SMLFire1.0, to model observed fire frequencies and sizes in 12 km x 12 km grid cells across the WUS. This framework is implemented using Mixture Density Networks trained on a wide suite of input predictors. The modeled WUS fire frequency corresponds well with observations at both monthly (r = 0.94) and annual (r = 0.85) timescales, as do the monthly (r = 0.90) and annual (r = 0.88) area burned. Moreover, the annual time series of both fire variables exhibit strong correlations (r ≥ 0.6) in 16 out of 18 ecoregions. Our ML model captures the interannual variability and the distinct multidecade increases in annual area burned for both forested and non-forested ecoregions. Evaluating predictor importance with Shapley additive explanations, we find that fire month vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is the dominant driver of fire frequencies and sizes across the WUS, followed by 1000-hour dead fuel moisture (FM1000), total monthly precipitation (Prec), mean daily maximum temperature (Tmax), and fraction of grassland cover in a grid cell. Our findings serve as a promising use case of ML techniques for wildfire prediction in particular and extreme event modeling more broadly. They also highlight the power of ML driven parameterizations for potential implementation in the fire modules of Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs) and Earth System Models (ESMs).
Changes in global teleconnection patterns under global warming and stratospheric aerosol intervention scenarios
Authors: Rezaei Abolfazl , Karami Khalil , Tilmes Simone , Moore John C.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. We investigate the potential impact of Stratospheric Aerosol Intervention (SAI) on the spatiotemporal behavior of large-scale climate teleconnection patterns represented by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) indices using simulations from the Community Earth System Models (CESM1 and CESM2). The leading Empirical Orthogonal Function of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies indicates that greenhouse gas forcing is accompanied by increases in variance across both the North Atlantic (i.e., AMO) and North Pacific (i.e., PDO) and a decrease over the tropical Pacific (i.e., ENSO); however, SAI effectively reverses these global warming-imposed changes. The projected spatial patterns of SST anomaly related to ENSO show no significant change under either global warming or SAI. In contrast, the spatial anomaly patterns pertaining to AMO (i.e., in the North Atlantic) and PDO (i.e., in the North Pacific) changes under global warming are effectively suppressed by SAI. For AMO, the low contrast between the cold-tongue pattern and its surroundings in the North Atlantic, predicted under global warming, is restored under SAI scenarios to similar patterns as in the historical period. The frequencies of El Niño and La Niña episodes increase with greenhouse gas emissions in the models, while SAI tends to compensate for them. All climate indices’ dominant modes of inter-annual variability are projected to be preserved in both warming and SAI scenarios. However, the dominant decadal and interdecadal variability mode changes induced by global warming are exacerbated by SAI, particularly in the Atlantic-based AMO.
Estimating surface water availability in high mountain rock slopes using a numerical energy balance model
Authors: Ben-Asher Matan , Magnin Florence , Westermann Sebastian , Malet Emmanuel , Berthet Johan , Bock Josué , Ravanel Ludovic , Deline Philip
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Water takes part in most physical processes that shape the mountainous periglacial landscapes and initiation of mass wasting. An observed increase in rockfall activity in several mountainous regions was previously linked to permafrost degradation in high mountains, and water that infiltrates into rock fractures is one of the likely drivers of these processes. However, there is very little knowledge on the quantity and timing of water availability for infiltration in steep rock slopes. This knowledge gap originates from the complex meteorological, hydrological and thermal processes that control snowmelt, and also the challenging access and data acquisition in the extreme alpine environments. Here we use field measurement and numerical modeling to simulate the energy balance and hydrological fluxes in a steep high elevation permafrost affected rock slope at Aiguille du Midi (3842 m a.s.l), in the Mont-Blanc massif. Our results provide new information about water balance at the surface of steep rock slopes. Model results suggest that only ~25 % of the snowfall accumulates in our study site, the remaining ~75 % are redistributed by wind and gravity. Snow accumulation depth is inversely correlated with surface slopes between 40° to 70°. Snowmelt occurs between spring and late summer and most of it does not reach the rock surface due to the formation of an impermeable ice layer at the base of the snowpack. The annual effective snowmelt, that is available for infiltration, is highly variable and ranges over a factor of six with values between 0.05–0.28 m in the years 1959–2021. The onset of the effective snowmelt occurs between May and August, and ends before October. It precedes the first rainfall by one month on average. Sublimation is the main process of snowpack mass loss in our study site. Model simulations at varying elevations show that effective snowmelt is the main source of water for infiltration above 3600 m a.s.l.; below, direct rainfall is the dominant source. The change from snowmelt-dominated to rainfall-dominated water availability is nonlinear and characterized by a rapid increase in water availability for infiltration. We suggest that this elevation of water availability transition is highly sensitive to climate change, if snowmelt-dominated permafrost-affected slopes experience an abrupt increase in water input that can initiate rock slope failure.
An Improved Parameterization of Sea Spray-Mediated Heat Flux Using Gaussian Quadrature: Case Studies with a Coupled CFSv2.0-WW3 System
Authors: Shi Ruizi , Xu Fanghua
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Sea spray-mediated heat flux plays an important role in air-sea heat transfer. Heat flux integrated over droplet size spectrum can well simulate total heat flux induced by sea spray droplets. Previously, a fast spray-flux scheme assuming single-radius droplets (A15) was widely used since the full-size spectrum integral is computational expensive. Based on the Gaussian Quadrature (GQ) method, a new fast scheme (SPRAY-GQ) of sea spray-mediated heat flux is derived. The performance of SPRAY-GQ is evaluated by comparing heat fluxes with those estimated from the widely-used A15. The new scheme shows a better agreement with the original spectrum integral. To further evaluate the performance of A15 and SPRAY-GQ, the two schemes are implemented into a coupled CFSv2.0-WW3 system, and a series of 56-day simulations in summer and winter are conducted and compared. The comparisons with satellite measurements and reanalysis data show that the SPRAY-GQ scheme could simulate air-sea heat flux more reasonably than the A15 scheme. For experiments based on SPRAY-GQ, the sea surface temperature at mid-high latitudes of both hemispheres, particularly in summer, is significantly improved compared with the experiments based on A15. The simulation of 10-m wind speed and significant wave height at mid-low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere is improved as well. The computational time of SPRAY-GQ is about the same as that of A15. Thereby, the newly-developed SPRAY-GQ scheme has a potential to be used for improving air-sea heat flux in coupled models.
Estimating snow accumulation and ablation with L-band InSAR
Authors: Tarricone Jack , Webb Ryan W. , Marshall Hans-Peter , Nolin Anne W. , Meyer Franz J.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Snow is a critical water resource for the western US and many regions across the globe. However, our ability to accurately measure and monitor changes in snow mass from satellite remote sensing, specifically its water equivalent, remains a challenge in mountain regions. To confront these challenges, NASA initiated the SnowEx program, a multi-year effort to address knowledge gaps in snow remote sensing. During SnowEx 2020, the UAVSAR team acquired an L-band Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data time series to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of repeat-pass L-band InSAR data for tracking changes in snow water equivalent (SWE). The goal was to develop a more comprehensive understanding of where and when L-band InSAR can provide snow mass change estimates, allowing the snow community to leverage the upcoming NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) mission. Our study analyzed three InSAR image pairs from the Jemez River Basin, NM, between 12–26 February 2020. We developed an end-to-end UAVSAR InSAR processing workflow for snow applications. This open-source approach employs a novel data fusion method that merges optical snow covered area (SCA) information with InSAR data. Combining these two remote sensing datasets allows for atmospheric correction and delineation of snow covered pixels. For all InSAR pairs, we converted phase change values to SWE change estimates between the three data acquisition dates. We then evaluated InSAR-derived retrievals using a combination of optical snow cover data, snow pits, meteorological station data, in situ snow depth sensors, and ground-penetrating radar (GPR). The results of this study show that repeat-pass L-band InSAR is effective for estimating both snow accumulation and ablation with the proper measurement timing, reference phase, and snowpack conditions.
THE PROBLEM OF OSCILLATIONS OF A PLATE APPLIED TO THE EXTERNAL SURFACE OF A
DEFORMABLE MEDIUM
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University,
            Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Seitmuratov A.Zh. , Yensebayeva G.M. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Khusainova A.B. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Rsayeva A.A. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

In the article solves particular problems of the impact of non-stationary external
loads on plane structural elements interacting with a deformable medium.The oscillation
frequencies and their influence on the dynamic behavior of a plane element under normal
load are investigated, as well as the effect of a moving load on the values of
transverse displacement. When solving applied problems of oscillations of rectangular
plane elements interacting with the environment, a wide class of boundary value problems
of oscillations associated with various boundary conditions at the edges of a plane
element arises. When taking into account non-stationary external influences, the main of
the main parameters is the frequency of natural oscillations of the plane element,
taking into account the deformable base, temperature, pre-tension, anisotropy and other
factors.
THE CONTENT OF EDUCATIONAL AND INFORMATION SKILLS OF STUDENTS AND PEDAGOGICAL
PREREQUISITES FOR ITS FORMATION
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University,
            Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Nazarova G.A , Zhani G.E., G.E., ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Alieva Zh.G. Zh.G. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

Мақалада оқушылардың оқу-ақпараттық дағдыарының мазмұны және оны қалыптастырудың
педагогикалық алғы шарттары қарастырылған. Мақалының мақсатыоқушылардың оқу-ақпараттық
дағдыларын мәні мен мазмұнын негіздеу, оны қалыптастырудың педагогикалық шарттарын
сипаттау. Негізгі зерттеу әдістері оқушылардың оқу-ақпараттық дағдыларын қалыптастыруға
арналған отандық және шетелдік ғалымдардың еңбектерін, ғылыми-әдебиеттерін талдау.
Мақаланы жазу барысында, оқушылардың, білім алушылардың оқу-ақпараттық дағдыларының
мәнін және мазмұнын анықтау үшін кілттік сөздерге: дағды, оқу дағдысы, ақпарат,
оқу-ақпараттық дағды ұғымдарына талдау және жинақтау, үлгілеу әдістері
пайдаланылды.Эксперименттік зерттеуді жүргізу үшін, зерттеліп отырған мәселені теориялық
талдау,тестілеу, сауалнама алу, бақылау жүргізу, әңгімелесу, педагогикалық эксперимент,
эксперименттік мәліметтерді статистикалық өңдеу әдістері және т.б. әдістер кешені
пайдаланылды. Мақалада оқушылардың оқу-ақпараттық іс-әрекеті және дербес оқу-ақпараттық
іс-әрекеті ұғымдарының түрлеріне:оқу дағдысы,оқу-ақпараттық дағды, оқу-ақпараттық
іскерлік,оқу-басқару дағдылар, оқу-логикалық дағдылар деген ұғымдарға талдау
жүргізілді.Теориялық талдау барысында анықталаған оқу-ақпараттық дағдылар дегеніміз -
оқу тапсырмаларын орындау үшін қажетті ақпаратты түсінуді, табуды, өңдеуді және бағлауды
қамтамасыз ететін жалпы білім беру дағдылары. Сонымен қатар, оқушының оқу ақпараттық
дағдыларының дамуының үш: төмен, орташа және жоғары деңгейі анықталып, сипатталды.
Оқушылардың оқу-ақпараттық дағдыларын дамытудың педагогикалық шарттары анықталды,
яғни,оқушылардың жалпы оқу танымдық және оқу-ақпараттық біліктерін дамытуға ықпал ететін
жұмыс әдістері мен тәсілдерін таңдау; биология сабақтарында оқушылардың оқу-зерттеу
әрекеттерін ұйымдастыру; оқушылардың ақыл-ой белсенділігін дамыту үшін жағдай жасау.
Оқушылардың биология пәнінен оқу-ақпараттық дағыларын дамытуға арналған тапсырмалар
түрлерін ұйымдастыру анықталды. Биологиядан қосымша әдебиеттермен білім беруде заманауи
ақпараттық-коммуникациялық технологияларды пайдалануды енгізу қажеттілігі дәлелденді.
Авторлар алған нәтижелер:жалпы мектептерде оқушылардың биологияны оқудағы танымдық,
оқу-ақпараттық белсенділігін арттырудың маңызды шарттары оқушыларды белсенді өз бетінше
оқу-танымдық және оқу-ақпараттық іс-әрекеттің әртүрлі түрлеріне тарту, сондай-ақ
дамытушы және шығармашылық тапсырмаларды ұйымдастыру түрлері. Кілт сөздер:
оқу-ақпараттық дағды,ақпараттық-коммуникациялық технологиялар, оқулогикалық дағды,
ақпараттық тәсіл, өзіндік жұмыс
İNSAN HAKLARI AVRUPA MAHKEMESİ’NİN HALET VS. LÜKSEMBURG KARARI: VERGİ HUKUKUNDA BİLGİ SIZDIRMA (WHISTLEBLOWING)
Authors: KAPUCU Gizem , KOCATEPE Metin
Published: November 2022

Bilgi sızdırma, hukuka aykırılıkları veya kamu yararıyla çelişen nitelikteki durumları ifşa eden eylemlerdir. 2014 yılında, Lüksemburg vergi idaresi ile PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) isimli bağımsız denetim şirketi arasında, bazı çok uluslu şirketler adına gerçekleştirilen ve vergilendirme işlemlerine ilişkin bilgiler içeren özel vergi anlaşmaları, PwC’nin iki çalışanı tarafından basına sızdırılmıştır. Bunun üzerine PwC, sızıntıları gerçekleştiren çalışanlar hakkında suç duyurusunda bulunmuş ve ayrıca tazminat davası açmıştır. İkinci dalga sızıntıyı gerçekleştiren Raphael Halet, ulusal yargı organları tarafından “bilgi sızdıran (whistleblower)” olarak nitelendirilmediğinden konuya özgü korumadan faydalandırılmamış ve hem adli para cezası hem de tazminat ödeme yükümlülüğüyle karşılaşmıştır. Halet, bu durumun ifade özgürlüğünü ihlal ettiği iddiasıyla İnsan Hakları Avrupa Mahkemesi’ne (İHAM) başvurmuştur. 11 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde İHAM 3. Dairesi tarafından verilen kararda ifade özgürlüğünün ihlal edilmediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Halet kararı, vardığı sonuç itibariyle bilgi sızdıran statüsünü “temel, yeni ve önceden bilinmeyen” bilgilerin sızdırılmasıyla sınırlayarak, bilgi sızdırma eylemleri üzerinde caydırıcı etki yaratabilecek tartışmalı bir karar olarak değerlendirilmektedir.
The Effect of Virtual Learning on Seizure Control Among Epilepsy Patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: A. Alharbi Bashaer , Almaghrabi Murouj A. , Baashar Doaa S. , Iskandar Moayad N. , Alshehri Wejdan S. , M. Alnemari Abdulaziz , Alkhotani Amal M.
Published: November 2022

Background: The pandemic of COVID-19 has resulted in multiple precautions to control the infection, one of which is transforming students’ schools into virtual classrooms. These new situations may pose additional challenges for some individuals such as epilepsy patients who account for 5.5% of school children (6–18 years). This study aimed to determine the effect of virtual learning on seizure control among epilepsy patients. Methods: This is an online-based cross-sectional study that was performed between 17 February to 27 June 2021 among patients with epilepsy who attend virtual learning classes. The questionnaire was distributed to the patients at a single-center neurology clinic in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. We included all patients who were diagnosed with epilepsy at any hospital, aged between 10 to 30 years, and living in Saudi Arabia. Results: A total number of 70 patients were included in the study. Patients’ gender was nearly equally distributed between the two groups with females predominant (51%). The average time of more than 10 hours spent on screens and electronic devices was remarkably increased during COVID-19 (20.0% to 45.7%). The average number of seizures per year has a double-fold increase during the pandemic for ≥7 attacks (increased from 10% to 20%). More than half of the patients had a significant increase in their seizure frequencies during virtual learning (60%). Patients with focal epilepsy, a history of photosensitivity, and patients with disturbed sleep patterns are significant risk factors associated with increased seizure frequencies during virtual learning. Conclusions: Focal epilepsy, history of photosensitivity, and disturbed sleep pattern associated with increased seizure frequencies during virtual learning. Time spent on screen has no significant relation to increasing seizure frequencies. Identifying the patients’ risk and taking a serious step in reducing its sources is important in order to provide a better quality of life.
Deciphering the fingerprint of disturbance on the three-dimensional structure of the world’s forests
Authors: Jucker Tommaso
Published: November 2022

Canopy gaps and the processes that generate them play an integral role in shaping the structure and dynamics of forests. However, it is only with recent advances in remote sensing technologies such as airborne laser scanning that studying canopy gaps at scale has become a reality. Consequently, we still lack an understanding of how the size distribution and spatial organization of canopy gaps varies among forests ecosystems, nor have we determined whether these emergent properties can be reconciled with existing theories of forest dynamics. Here, I outline a roadmap for integrating remote sensing with field data and individual-based models to build a comprehensive picture of how environmental constraints and disturbance regimes shape the three-dimensional structure of the world’s forests.
ROLE OF NANO ZINC IN IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY OF OIL CROPS: A REVIEW
Authors: Khalid Shahatha Waleed
Published: November 2022

Micronutrients that comprises zinc, are much of importance in agricultural production in terms of quality and quantity. Despite the availability of various fertilizer sources such as mineral and chelating for these nutrients along with the availability of different addition methods, however, the efficiency of using these fertilizers does not exceed 5% of the additive. It is necessary to reduce the loss of nutrients in the fertilizationprocess and tending to increase the production in crops, by using nanotechnology and nanomaterials, by using alternative fertilizers rather than traditional and environment-friendly one. that is called nano-fertilizers which is very effective. Nanotechnology is one of the modern technologies that have proven its positive effects in many fields, including agriculture, medicine, engineering, and the field of energy, as they deal with materials and structures of dimensions ranging from 1-100 nanometers. Zinc one of the essential micronutrients in plant nutrition plays an important role in building and growing plants through its participation in many vital processes, including photosynthesis and energy production. It was noted that adding nano zinc to oil crops such as (sunflower, sesame, safflower, flax, rapeseed, soybean, groundnut, cotton, mustard, castor) stimulate and accelerate growth and increase the productivity of these crops of seeds and oil.
“Making Text Talk”: The Minutes of the Central Bank of Brazil and the Real Economy
Authors: Moreno Pérez Carlos , Minozzo Marco
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates the relationship between the views expressed in the minutes of the meetings of the Central Bank of Brazil’s Monetary Policy Committee (COPOM) and the real economy. It applies various computational linguistic machine learning algorithms to construct measures of the minutes of the COPOM. First, we create measures of the content of the paragraphs of the minutes using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Second, we build an uncertainty index for the minutes using Word Embedding and K-Means. Then, we combine these indices to create two topic-uncertainty indices. The first one is constructed from paragraphs with a higher probability of topics related to “general economic conditions”. The second topic-uncertainty index is constructed from paragraphs that have a higher probability of topics related to “inflation” and the “monetary policy discussion”. Finally, we employ a structural VAR model to explore the lasting effects of these uncertainty indices on certain Brazilian macroeconomic variables. Our results show that greater uncertainty leads to a decline in inflation, the exchange rate, industrial production and retail trade in the period from January 2000 to July 2019.
Índice de qualidade participativo (IQP) do sistema plantio direto de propriedades rurais de dois municípios da região oeste do estado do Paraná
Authors: Sbaraini Alvaro Henrique , Corrêia Arlindo Fabrício , Rosset Jean Sérgio
Published: November 2022

O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar o Índice de Qualidade Participativo (IQP) do SPD em propriedades rurais dos municípios de Terra Roxa - PR e Nova Santa Rosa – PR. Neste trabalho foram analisadas 50 propriedades no total, 25 delas no município de Terra Roxa – PR e 25 em Nova Santa Rosa, que efetuam o SPD. Foram realizadas entrevistas com os produtores rurais de cada propriedade, aplicando o questionário do IQP2, fundamentada em um conjunto de indicadores relacionadas ao manejo do sistema produtivo no almejo da rentabilidade e conservação ambiental. Os indicadores englobam vários fatores de importância como: Intensidade de Rotação de Culturas (IR); Densidade de Rotação de Culturas (DR); Persistência de Resíduos/Palhada (PR); Frequência de Preparo do Solo (FP); Terraceamento (TC); Avaliação da Conservação (AC); Nutrição Equilibrada (NE) e Tempo de Adoção do SPD (TA). No qual cada indicador atingiu um índice de 0 – 10 para a conservação do SPD em cada propriedade. De modo geral o valor final do IQP oscilou bastante, no município de Terra Roxa – PR os índices ficaram entre 6,00 a 8,00, no município de Nova Santa Rosa – PR oscilou entre 6,13 a 8,75, observou-se que no geral ambos os municípios tiveram índice semelhantes e considerados bom. Os produtores demostraram a dificuldade em estabelecer a rotação de culturas, e compactação em cabeceiras, porem relataram ausência nos sinais de erosão devido ao terraceamento correto. A possibilidade da diversificação de culturas no SPD é uma solução para o a melhoria dos índices de IQP das áreas estudadas, além da melhoria na qualidade do solo durante o tempo de adoção.
RADIATION AND HALL CURRENT IMPRESSIONS ON NEWTONIAN AND BINGHAM FLUIDS FLOW PAST A STRETCHING SURFACE
Authors: Ali Md. Yousuf , Rabbi Sk. Reza-E- , Ahmmed Sarder Firoz
Published: November 2022

The continuous two-dimensional MHD nanofluid flow across a nonlinear stretching sheet has been investigated in this work. In this paper, the study was done in the presence of both Hall current and radiation. The nonlinear partial differential equations were first regulated using boundary layer approximation, and then the governing equations were converted into an ordinary system of differential equations using appropriate similarity solutions. The numerical simulations were carried out using the Nachtsheim-Swigert shooting iteration approach and a six-order Runge-Kutta integration scheme where a programming language called FORTRAN was used as assistance. The outcomes of the problem related equations have been narrated briefly and displayed by various graph. The dominance of the stretching parameter and combined effects of Hall current together with thermal radiation on velocity profiles, temperature profiles, and concentration profiles, as well as important physical phenomena like skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number, were examined with the help of various graphs. The implications of material and magnetic factors on primary velocity, Prandtl number on temperature profiles, and Lewis number on concentration profiles have been visually depicted. The dominance of Hall current and radiation at the same time, as well as the impression of stretching parameter, have been determined to be more effective on Bingham fluid. It has application in drug delivery. It can be used to administer drugs. Because fluidity takes a particular level of shear stress to produce, it may be focused to medication delivery in certain muscles or organs by regulating injection pressure and other drug delivery devices.