bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chondrogen™ Injection for Knee Osteoarthritis using Stem Cells from Wharton's Jelly
Authors: Md Yusoff Badrul Akmal Hisham bin , Mohd Don Ahmad Farihan Bin , Mohamad Norlelawati Binti , Saravanamuthu Ramesh , Chandran Karthik , Rasib Raziana , Kathivaloo Premasangery , Huey Yih Felix Lau
Published: December 2023

Knee osteoarthritis constitutes a prominent source of pain and functional impairment, with its prevalence showing a consistent yearly increase. Current therapeutic strategies primarily revolve around addressing symptoms and, in severe cases, resorting to prosthetic joint replacement, yet they fail to target the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms driving degeneration. In this context, there is a growing interest in investigating mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy as a potential remedy for osteoarthritis. Among the various MSC types under scrutiny, using Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) has garnered relatively scant attention. The present study represents a Phase I clinical trial of an open-label, single-arm design within this context. Its principal aim is to assess the safety and efficacy of administering mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton's Jelly via intra-articular injection for patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis. Throughout six months, this investigation discerned a statistically significant overall improvement in clinical presentation relative to baseline. This improvement manifested as reduced analgesic consumption, diminished Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores (19.5 to 18.7 mm, p = .00), and augmented functional assessment scores, including the IKDC Score (enhanced from 62.2 to 100, p = .00), KOOS Symptoms and Stiffness subscales (elevated from 76.8% to 10.6%, p = .00), as well as KOOS Pain subscale (upgraded from 74.4% to 10.1%, p = .00). The study encouragingly reported no significant adverse effects during the observation period. However, upon radiographic evaluation, no significant alterations were observed in terms of deformity angle (p = 0.957) or medial (p = 0.871) and lateral (p = 0.520) compartment joint space widths. To further elucidate the comparative efficacy of this treatment, it is prudent to contemplate a randomised controlled trial comparing it against the conventional hyaluronic acid regimen, thereby contributing to an enriched understanding of its therapeutic potential.
Purified Polysaccharides Extracted from Gray Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sing.) Stimulate Glucose Uptake in C2C12 Myotubes through the activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and Glucose Transporter 1 (GLUT1) Proteins
Authors: Patninan Kulwanit , Sermwittayawong Decha , Nuinamwong Supada , Khimmaktong Wipapan , Noipha Kusumarn , Nongporn Hutadilok-Towatana
Published: December 2023

The grey oyster mushroom [Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sing.], an edible mushroom, has been known as a source of bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides. Polysaccharides from this mushroom have been shown to possess antidiabetic activity both in vivo and in vitro. However, antidiabetic mechanism of partially purified or purified polysaccharides from the gray oyster mushroom has not been characterized. In this study, we extracted and purified polysaccharides from gray oyster mushrooms and used them to investigate the antidiabetic mechanism in the context of C2C12 myotubes. Using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and enzymatic assay, we showed that the polysaccharide sample, namely 9S1-1, contains b-glucose, a-glucose, and mannose as the monosaccharide composition, and b-glucan is the major type of polysaccharide in the sample. This 9S1-1 sample dose-dependently stimulated glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes. Further analysis showed that the sample activated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) but not Akt serine/threonine kinase (AKT) phosphorylation, suggesting that the stimulation is AMPK-dependent. Moreover, we showed that compound c, an inhibitor of AMPK, inhibited glucose uptake in 9S1-1-stimulated cells, confirming the requirement of AMPK in the glucose uptake activated by the 9S1-1 sample. In addition, it promoted glucose transporter protein type 1 (GLUT1) but not GLUT4 protein expression. These results suggest that GLUT1 may be responsible for the stimulation of glucose uptake in 9S1-1-activated cells. Together, these data illustrate the antidiabetic mechanism of polysaccharides isolated from the gray oyster mushroom and the potential use of the polysaccharide as an antidiabetic agent.
Metabolomics Approach Using Lc-Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Chemometrics for Authentication of Beef Meats from Different Origins in Indonesia
Authors: Windarsih Anjar , Abdul Rohman Abdul Rohman , Abu Bakar Nor Kartini , Yuny Erwanto Yuny Erwanto
Published: December 2023

Beef is one of the favourite meats consumed by people worldwide due to its high nutrition value needed by human development. It is highly susceptible for the adulteration practice by substituting beef with lower price meats by unethical meat traders due to the economic reasons. Therefore, the authenticity of beef meat (BM) is important because it is also related to halal status of meat which is required for certain religions. This research aimed to differentiate metabolites of BM from different origins using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) combined with chemometrics for the authentication purposes. Various metabolites mostly amino acids and lipids could be detected using methanol extraction. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and sparse PLS-DA were successfully used to discriminate BMs from different origins. Fifty potential metabolite markers which are important for discrimination have been identified using variable importance projection (VIP) value extracted from PLS-DA analysis. Metabolites of (4S)-4-{[(9Z)-3-Hydroxy-9-hexadecenoyl]oxy}-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate, N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), D-sphingosine, (2E,4Z)-N-Isobutyl-2,4-octadecadienamide, 1-(14-methylhexadecanoyl)pyrrolidine, linoleic acid, 12-HAS, dodecylamine1, myristamide, and tributyl phosphate had high responsibility in discriminating BMs from different origins (VIP value > 2.0). It can be concluded that LC-HRMS based untargeted metabolomics combined with chemometrics could be used for authentication of BMs from different regions.
Model Spatial Magnitud Kecerahan Langit di Balai Cerap KUSZA, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
Authors: Umar Roslan , Ahmad Azan Muhammad Arif Imran , Sabri Nor Hazmin , Ngah Norhayati , Zulkeflee Ahmad Najmuddin , Mohamad Ahmad Ezzuddin , Sira Juddin Ahmad Solihin , Abdullahi Musa Gabra , Nik Wan Nik Ahmad Firdaus , Mahiddin Nor Aida , Kamarudin Mohd Khairul Amri , Mohd Nawawi Mohd Saiful Anwar , Loh Ing Hoe , Chong Ju Lian , Mohd Nasir Ahmad Lutfi Afifi , Bely Ahmad Hariz , Kamarudin Ahmad Syazni
Published: December 2023

Magnitud kecerahan langit merupakan antara aspek penting dalam bidang astronomi, terutama bagi cerapan astronomi optik yang memerlukan keadaan langit yang sangat gelap. Di Malaysia, terdapat banyak balai cerap rasmi dan persendirian yang digunakan bagi tujuan tersebut. Laporan kajian ini membincangkan berkenaan model taburan ruang (model reruang) bagi mendapatkan gambaran penuh magnitud kecerahan langit di sekitar Balai Cerap KUSZA (BCK) yang terletak di Kampung Merang, Setiu Terengganu. BCK dipilih dalam kajian ini kerana ia bukan sahaja merupakan lokasi rasmi bagi kerja-kerja pencerapan rukyah anak bulan baharu untuk penetapan takwim Islam (hilal), malah BCK juga menyediakan fasiliti bagi pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) serta penyelidikan berkaitan astronomi dan astrofizik. Kajian ini penting bagi memastikan kelestarian cahaya gelap di BCK dan kawasan sekitarnya adalah releven dengan keperluan semasa. Magnitud kecerahan langit diukur pada waktu malam menggunakan alat pengesan cahaya (SQM) di beberapa lokasi sekitar BCK yang kemudiannya dibandingkan dengan data simulasi satelit. Seterusnya teknik interpolasi menggunakan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) dilakukan bagi menghasilkan peta model reruang kecerahan langit yang jelas menunjukkan kawasan langit gelap dan terang di BCK dan kawasan sekitarnya. Analisis data menunjukkan kewujudan beberapa lokasi langit cerah (penunjuk pencemaran cahaya) di sekitar kawasan BCK dengan nilai tertinggi adalah16.35 mag arcsec−2 (3.115×10-2 cd m-²) yang mungkin disebabkan oleh aktiviti manusia. Kecerahan langit di Balai Cerap KUSZA ialah 21.34 mag per arcsec−2 (3.144×10-4 cd m-²) dan merupakan antara titik paling gelap dalam kawasan BCK. Secara keseluruhan, data menunjukkan kawasan sekitar balai cerap masih selamat daripada pencemaran cahaya yang keterlaluan. Walau bagaimanapun, pencemaran cahaya tidak terkawal akan mengganggu gugat aktiviti cerapan. Oleh itu, peta model reruang yang dihasilkan ini dijangka dapat membantu penyelidik astronomi optik untuk memantau kadar pencemaran cahaya di BCK bagi tujuan penyelidikan astronomi umumnya dan rukyah hilal secara khususnya di Malaysia.
Effects of High-Energy Electron Beam Irradiation on The Structure, Composition and Morphological Properties of Graphene Nanoplatelet Films
Authors: Mohamad Nor Nurul Hidayah , Anuar Nur Afira , Talik Noor Azrina , Wan Abdullah Wan Ahmad Tajuddin , Kittimanapun Kritsada , Nakajima Hideki , Chanlek Narong , Raja Yahya Mohd Fakharul Zaman , Goh Boon Tong
Published: December 2023

This work demonstrated the effects of 1.2 GeV high-energy electron beam irradiation on a few-layers of graphene (FLG) and multi-layer graphene (MLG) films grown via an in-house hot wire chemical vapour deposition (HWCVD) system. The FLG and MLG films were grown on highly doped n-type c-Si (100) substrates which were pre-treated using argon plasma (50 W) for 1 min and 10 min, respectively. The as-prepared samples were then irradiated using a 1.2 GeV high-energy electron beam with a dosage of 1.2 × 109 e-/cm2 at atmospheric and room temperature ambient conditions. The effects of the irradiation-mediated defects on the carbon lattice structure of both graphene samples were validated from the decreased sp2 C=C carbon content, and the increase in the adventitious carbon contamination C-O-C content. Raman results showed an elevation of the ID/IG ratio and blue-shift of the 2D and G band peaks for both the irradiated samples, which validated the mediated defects due to the dislocation of carbon atoms in the graphene sheets. The blue-shifted of 2D and G peaks were much more significant in the MLG than FLG which may indicate a better self-reconstructing property for the MLG atomic network, compared to the FLG. The stability of the films against high-energy electron beam irradiation was validated by their conductivity and surface topography. In conclusion, HWCVD grown graphene nanoplatelet films have high potential for graphene-based high-energy charged particle detectors.
Türkiye'de Ortaöğretime Geçiş Sınavlarında Sorulan Grafik Sorularının Grafik Okuryazarlığı Becerileri Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: YENİÇERİ Üzeyir , BULUT Safure
Published: December 2023

Grafik okuryazarlığı 21. yy. bireyleri açısından gerekli olan birçok beceri alanı ile ilişkili ve önemli bir beceri alanıdır. Bu çalışmada 1998-2023 yılları arasında Türkiye’de ortaöğretime geçişte öğrenci seçme ve yerleştirme amacıyla yapılan sınavlarda grafik okuryazarlığına yönelik sorulan sorular; yıllara, sınav türlerine, alt testlere, grafik türlerine ve grafik okuryazarlığı beceri boyutlarına dağılımı açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden doküman analizi deseni benimsenmiştir. Verilerin analizi için yönlendirilmiş içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın güvenirliği için olumsuz durum analizi ve akran değerlendirmesinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre grafik okuryazarlığına yönelik sorular 1998-2003 yılları arasında uygulanan eski LGS ve 2003-2008 yılları arasında uygulanan OKS sisteminde daha çok yer almıştır. SBS sisteminde grafik okuryazarlığına yönelik sorulara daha az yer verildiği görülmüştür. Grafik okuryazarlığına yönelik soruların en çok fen bilimleri alt testinde bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Grafik türleri için yapılan incelemede sorulan soru sayısında ilk sırada çizgi grafikleri daha sonra sırasıyla sütun ve daire grafiklerine yer verildiği belirlenmiştir. Grafik okuryazarlığı beceri boyutları bakımından yapılan incelemede ise sorulan soruların %88,1’inin grafik yorumlama boyutunu ölçmeye yönelik sorulduğu, grafik değerlendirme boyutuna yönelik hiç soru sorulmadığı değerlendirilmiştir.
THE IMAGINARY AND THE REAL IN NATURAL SCIENCE AND SOCIO-HUMANITIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors:   Gregory Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv) Ukraine, Kyselov Mykola
Published: December 2023

Analyzes the phenomenon of representation, its importance in the complex and contradictory process of formation of national consciousness. It is substantiated that the phenomenon of representation has a wide range of meanings and is a necessary stage in cognition, organically connected with thinking, memory, and imagination. A representation can be adequate to reality and at the same time to reality and, at the same time, imaginary, having all the signs of illusion. In this regard, in the section the semantics of the terms imagination, imaginary, and representation are clarified. The terms are defined as terms of the same root semantically differ from each other and, at the same time, are components of a single hermeneutical circle. A comparative analysis of representation in the fields of natural science and social sciences. It is noted that even scientific realities are a product of representation. They are not possible as something absolutely complete and objective. The article is ubiquitous and mandatory as an approach to the real, objective. This is characteristic of both natural and social sciences. Awareness of the real is impossible without the imaginary. The main focus of the section is on the argumentation of the importance of the historical component, historical ideas in the modern realities of national self-identification and consolidation. In this field, the phenomenon of representation is even more complex and polysemantic than in natural science. In this regard, the section analyzes the “conflict of interpretations” of the facts of the past, as a phenomenon extremely common in modern historiography. In general, it is concluded that representation is a universal prerequisite for realizing the real (objective) both in natural science and in socio-humanities.
A NON-PARAMETRIC APPROACH TO EXPLAINABLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS APPLICATION IN MEDICINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Klyushin D. A. , Maistrenko O. S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The paper proposes a non-parametrical approach to explainable artificial intelligence based on the compactness postulate, which states that objects of one class in the feature space are, as a rule, located closer to each other than to objects of other classes. Objects are considered similar if they are located close to each other in the feature space. Meanwhile, the properties of objects in real life are often random values. Such objects are not described by a vector of features, but by a random sample or several samples of features, and the postulate of compactness should be replaced by the postulate of statistical homogeneity. Objects are considered statistically homogeneous if their features obey the same distributions. The paper describes a non-parametric measure of homogeneity and an illustration of its use in medical applications, in particular for the diagnosis of breast cancer within the framework of similarity-based explainable artificial intelligence.For comparison, the results of diagnostics of the same data set using deep learning of an artificial neural network are given. We formulate new statistical postulates of machine learning and propose to consider a machine learning algorithm as explanatory and interpretable if it satisfies these postulates.
EXTRAPOLATION FROM THE PAST METHOD FOR VARIATIONAL INEQUALITIES IN A HILBERT SPACE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Semenov V. V. , Kharkov O. S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The article considers variational inequalities with operators acting in a Hilbert space. For these problems, variants of the Extrapolation from the Past method have been proposed and studied. A sub-linear efficiency estimate for the gap function is proved. The strong convergence of the Extrapolation from the Past method for variational inequalities with uniformly monotone operators is proved. The linear rate of convergence of the Extrapolation from the Past method for variational inequalities with operators satisfying the generalized strong monotonicity condition is proved. An adaptive version of the algorithm is proposed. Regularized variants of the algorithm are proposed and theorems on their strong convergence are proved.
FEN BİLİMLERİ ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN UZMAN ÖĞRETMEN VE BAŞÖĞRETMEN VİDEOLARI HAKKINDAKİ GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: BAKIRCI Hasan , ERDOĞAN Nurgül , GEÇER Kelimetullah
Published: December 2023

Öğretmenlik Meslek Kanunu, öğretmenlere birtakım özlük hakları getirmiştir. Öğretmenlerin bu hakları kazanabilmeleri için öncelikli olarak eğitim almaları ve eğitim sonunda yapılan sınavda başarılı olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda Öğretmen Bilişim Ağı (ÖBA) platformunda öğretmenlerin eğitim almaları için uzman öğretmen ve başöğretmen videoları yayımlanmıştır. Öğretmenlik kariyer basamakları sürecinde izlenen eğitim videolarının Fen Bilimleri öğretmen görüşlerine göre değerlendirilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, ÖBA platformunda öğretmenlerin kullanımına sunulan uzman öğretmen ve başöğretmen videoları hakkında Fen Bilimleri öğretmenlerinin görüşlerini tespit etmektir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden özel durum çalışması ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın katılımcıları, 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında Bitlis’in Tatvan ilçesindeki ortaokullarda görev yapan altı Fen Bilimleri öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın verileri, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen altı açık uçlu sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Öğretmenler, eğitim videolarının faydalarına ve sınırlılıklarına dikkat çekmişlerdir. Öğretmenler eğitim videolarının faydalarını, öğretmenlik mesleğine katkı sağladığını, geleceğe yönelik hazırlayıcı olduğunu, temel konuları içerdiğini, çevre ve iklim değişikliği konusunda bilgilenmelerine katkı sağladığını belirtmişlerdir. Diğer taraftan öğretmenler eğitim videolarının sınırlılıklarını; fen bilimleri alanına katkısının olmadığını, teorik bilgiler içerdiğini, video içeriklerinin uzun olduğunu, görsel materyallerle yeterince desteklenmediğini, videoların sınav için yetersiz olduğunu ve sistem kaynaklı sorunların olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Çalışmanın sonunda; ÖBA platformundaki uzman öğretmen ve başöğretmen videolarının daha işlevsel olabilmesi için video eğitim sürelerinin uzatılması, izlenme sürelerinin kısaltılması, görseller-videolar ve içerikleri ile ilgili eksiklerin giderilmesinin gerektiği önerilmiştir.
WHO SHOULD TEACH ENGLISH TO YOUNG LEARNERS: PRE-SERVICE CLASSROOM TEACHERS’ VOICES
Authors: TEKİN Serdar
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to investigate pre-service classroom teachers’ beliefs about teaching English to young learners and a recently initiated course in 2021 named “Foreign Language Teaching in Primary Schools” in the initial classroom teacher education programmes in Turkey. More specifically, it explored to what extent this course was efficient to prepare them to teach English for their future careers. Adopting a mixed-method research design, the data were collected through a questionnaire (N=128) and follow-up semi-structured interviews (N=8). The findings revealed that professional English teachers were best placed to teach English to children for several reasons, including subject teachers’ high level of expertise in teaching English and participants’ low self-reported English proficiency level (A1-A2). However, participants mostly reported both in the quantitative and qualitative parts that this course had a considerable impact on their confidence to teach English at the primary level since they were familiar with various teaching techniques and activities to use for each language point in the curriculum. A number of implications are provided in the light of findings for a better implementation of English education in primary schools.
GRAFİK TASARIM BÖLÜMÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN YAPAY ZEKÂYA YÖNELİK TUTUMLARI (TOKAT İLİ ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: KUM Özlem
Published: December 2023

Yapay Zekâ (AI), teknolojik gelişmelere paralel olarak insan hayatına giren bir olgu olmasının yanı sıra insan zekâsını taklit ederek yaratıcı ve farklı çözüm üreten sistemlerdir. 1980’lerde masaüstü yayıncılığın ortaya çıkmasından sonra 1990'lardan itibaren tasarımcılar multimedya ve iletişimin etkileşimiyle ilgilenmeye başlamışlardır. Teknolojinin grafik tasarıma giderek daha fazla entegre olması sektör için paradigma değişimini de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu bağlamda devreye giren yapay zekâ, farklı grafik tasarım pratiklerine varsayımsal varyasyonlar sunarak özgünlük kazandırmaktadır. Yapay zekânın birçok alanda kullanılmasının yanı sıra tasarım sektöründe de görsel içerik üretmesi için kullanılmaya başlanması bazı avantaj ve dezavantajlar meydana getirmiştir. Yapay zekâ ve grafik tasarımın kesiştiği noktada tasarım mesleğinin geleceği açısından grafik tasarım bölümü öğrencilerinin tutumlarının analizi önemlidir. Bu sebeple çalışmanın genel çerçevesinin de üniversitede öğrenimine başlamış ve halen devam etmekte olan bireylerin yapay zekâya yönelik genel tutumlarının ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Bu araştırmada, nicel araştırma yönetimlerinden tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılında Tokat ilinde Grafik Tasarım bölümünde okuyan 180 öğrenci araştırmanın evrenini, 150 öğrenci ise örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında bölüme kayıtlı olan 150 öğrencinin eğitime fiilen devam eden 139’una ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma verilerini toplamak için “yapay zekâya yönelik genel tutum ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Örneklem içerinde yer alan grafik tasarım öğrencilerine gönüllülük esasına dayalı olarak online ölçek uygulaması yapılarak araştırma verileri elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda grafik tasarım bölümü öğrencilerinin yapay zekâya yönelik pozitif tutumlarının yüksek, negatif tutumlarının orta düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Cinsiyet, sınıf, eğitim görülen Myo, mezun olunan lise, ailede grafik tasarımla ilgilenme durumu gibi değişkenlere göre yapay zekâya yönelik pozitif ve negatif tutumları arasında fark olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Yapay zekânın ilerleyen süreçlerde tasarım alanında yaygınlaşmasına istinaden grafik tasarım böümü eğitim içeriğinin yeniden yapılandırılması ve değişime gidilmesi önerilebilir.
Unveiling co-occurrence of bulimia, depression, and self-injury in adolescent girls
Authors: CAN AYDIN Aslı Begüm , SERDENGEÇTİ Nihal
Published: December 2023

Nonsuicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) is defined as self-inflicted behavior that causes bodily harm without suicidal intent. NSSI may be a precursor to other psychopathologies or co-occur as comorbidity. In this case series, we examined the development of Bulimia Nervosa (BN) in the follow-up of 5 young girls whose first presentation was NSSI and who were diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) at the psychiatric evaluation. As a result, we hypothesized that NSSI may be a precursor for the development of BN. Clinical interviews revealed that perceived family support by the adolescents were low and mothers had difficulty regulating emotions. We aimed to measure these variables by asking mother to fill out Toronto Alexithymia Scale and adolescents to fill out The Social Support Assessment Scale’s “support received from the family” part. Considering that adolescents can be timid at times and do not express such complaints unless asked, clinicians should be aware of this relationship and should keep the symptoms in mind during interviews in terms of preventive psychiatry.
Bibliometric analysis of articles published in Cukurova Medical Journal between 2011 and 2022
Authors: ÖZANDAÇ POLAT Sema , TUNÇ Mahmut , ÖZŞAHİN Esin , TAMAM Lut , GÖKER Pınar
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to perform a bibliometric analysis of the abstracts and keywords in articles published in the Cukurova Medical Journal from 2011 to 2022.

Materials and Methods: We compiled and analyzed all articles published in the Cukurova Medical Journal between 2011 and 2022, totaling 1734 articles, using VOSviewer software (version 1.6.19). This analysis focused on the terms in the abstracts and the keywords of these articles.

Results: The study identified 27,409 unique terms and 4,040 unique keywords in the abstracts of the 1734 articles. The most common terms were 'surgery' (333 occurrences), 'pain' (263), 'infection' (201), 'measurement' (192), 'rat' (185), 'tumor' (177), 'covid' (157), 'pregnancy' (148), 'questionnaire' (144), and 'drug' (142). The top keywords were 'children' (43 occurrences), 'quality of life' (37), 'covid-19' (34), 'nursing' (32), 'pregnancy' (28), 'depression' (27), 'mortality' (26), 'anxiety' (24), 'child' (22), and 'obesity' (17).

Conclusion: This is the first bibliometric analysis of keywords and terms used in the Cukurova Medical Journal, offering insights into the evolving topics of interest in the journal's publications. It also provides valuable information for researchers looking to submit articles to the journal, highlighting prevalent themes and content areas.
Effects of high calorie dietary nutrition and exercise on energy metabolism parameters in obese Wistar albino rats
Authors: ÇAKIR Selcen , DEMİRTAŞ Yunus
Published: December 2023

Purpose: With the increasing prevalence of metabolic disorders, studies on energy metabolism have advanced, leading to the recent identification of new members in energy metabolism. This study aims to demonstrate the effects of a high-calorie diet and exercise on the newly identified peptides asprosin, irisin, nesfatin-1, and preptin, whose effects on metabolism are still under investigation, and to provide information for future research.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 24 rats were divided into four groups: control, exercise, high-calorie diet, and high-calorie diet with exercise. Serum levels of asprosin, irisin, preptin, nesfatin-1, and insulin were measured using the ELISA method. Additionally, serum levels of glucose, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined by the colorimetric method.
Results: Compared to the control group, there were significant increases in body mass index, glucose, asprosin, TG, TC, and LDL-C levels. Serum HDL-C levels were notably lower in the experimental group compared to the control group. In the exercise group, irisin and nesfatin-1 levels significantly increased, accompanied by reductions in LDL-C, TG, TC, glucose, and preptin levels.
Conclusion: A high-calorie diet was associated with an unfavorable lipid profile, while exercise-induced alterations in the secretion of peptides derived from adipose tissue and/or regulating energy metabolism. Although physical activity emerges as a crucial factor in peptide secretion and maintaining biochemical balance, further research is imperative to comprehensively understand the underlying mechanisms.
Modeling of human placental capillaries by using a unique 3d reconstruction program
Authors: AYRAN FİDAN Pınar
Published: December 2023

Purpose: Visualization of the three-dimensional structures is performed by examining two-dimensional sections in histology. It is not always possible to comprehend structure-function integrity. Therefore, it was planned to obtain three-dimensional (3D) models of the capillaries in the placenta terminal villus by using the program developed in the Başkent University’s laboratory and used in studies in different disciplines. The program’s suitability for histology studies will also be assessed.

Materials and Methods: A term placenta tissue sample was obtained from a 33-year-old healthy woman. Following the plastic embedding procedure, semi-thin serial sections were taken from these blocks. The sections were stained using toluidine blue and examined and photographed by using a light microscope. The 3D modeling procedure was conducted on the light micrographs of serial sections in order to reconstruct villous capillaries.

Results: 3D images were obtained from two-dimensional light micrographs by using the same program. It was determined that the vessels running parallel to each other branched harmoniously, forming a capillary network in the terminal villus. Additionally, challenges encountered during the utilization of this program in histological studies are also presented in this study.

Conclusion: Fetal blood reaches every part of the terminal villus through the branching capillary network. This feature would increase the surface area of vasculo-syncytial membrane and facilitate feto-maternal exchange. This can be clearly visualized by using 3D models. Three-dimensional modeling helps to understand the structure of all organs and tissues. Given that the current program is freely accessible, it will not incur additional costs for researchers and is open to further improvement by the programmer (erhankiziltan@gmail.com).
Effects of sleeve gastrectomy on N6-methyladenosine modification in duodenal tissue
Authors: ARSLAN Badel , SEYİT Hakan , AKYÜREK Murat Eser , ARSLAN Serdal , SAKIZ Damlanur , TÜRKSEVEN Çağatay Han
Published: December 2023

Purpose. In this study, the expression levels of METTL3, METTL14; and WTAP genes involved in the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) pathway, regulating cellular processes including cell renewal, differentiation, invasion; and apoptosis, were investigated in duodenal tissue after sleeve gastrectomy (SG).

Material and Methods: Duodenal biopsies were obtained from 24 obese patients before (BG) and 6 months after (AG) sleeve gastrectomy. Pathological evaluation was performed by H&E staining. Expression levels of METTL14, METTL3, and WTAP genes were analysed by Real-Time PCR.

Results: The METTL14 gene was significantly increased after surgery (BG-AG Median (Q1-Q3): 0.36 [0.07-1.52]-9.83 [0.20-68.12]). METTL3 (BG-AG Median (Q1-Q3): 0.49 [0.32-0.84]-0.67 [0.36-20.5]) and WTAP (BG-AG Median (Q1-Q3): 0.95 [0.17-7.65]-5.54 [2.34-66.07]) gene expressions were not altered. However, a strong positive (r=0.692) and significant relationship was found between METTL3 and WTAP. Chronic inflammation 81.32 %, intestinal metaplasia 10.54 %, activity 68.88 %, atrophy 5.32 %. No malignant findings were detected.

Conclusion: For the first time, we demonstrated that sleeve gastrectomy may increase the expression of the METTL14 gene involved in the m6A-methyladenosine pathway in duodenum. This alteration may lead to gastrointestinal tract diseases.
Bir Opioid Olan Tramadolün Farmakolojik Etkileri
Authors: ÜN Burçin , PEKMEZEKMEK Ayper , KALAY Betül , ÖZÜ Özlem , SEÇİLMİŞ Ata
Published: December 2023

Tramadol, yapıca kodeine benzeyen, sentetik bir opiod olan santral etkili analjeziktir. Analjezik etkisini selektif zayıf µ-opioid reseptör affinitesiyle göstermektedir. Ayrıca gebelerde kullanımı da yaygındır. Akut ve kronik ağrı tedavilerinde sıklıkla tercih edilen bir ilaç olmasına rağmen son zamanlarda kötüye kullanımı da giderek artmaktadır. Tramadol, rahatlatıcı bir etkiye de sahip olup diğer opioidlere göre bağımlılık yapma potansiyeli daha düşüktür. Gebelerde analjezik etkisi nedeniyle yaygın olarak kullanıldığı halde embriyoteratonejitesi hakkında yeterli çalışma yapılmamıştır.
Embriyonik Gelişim Sırasında Vücut Eksenlerinin Oluşumu
Authors: KAYA Gizem , SENCAR Leman
Published: December 2023

Farklı dinamik süreçler ve çok sayıda moleküler mekanizma vücut gelişim sürecinde rol oynamaktadır. Embriyonik gelişimin 3. haftasında gerçekleşen gastrulasyon bilaminar germ diskinden trilaminar germ diskin oluşma sürecidir. Gastrulasyon aynı zamanda vücut eksenlerinin oluşumunu belirleyen bir süreçtir. Vücut eksenlerinin oluşumu embriyonik gelişim için oldukça önemlidir. Gastrulasyon öncesinde ve gastrulasyon boyunca anteroposterior (AP), dorsoventral (DV) ve sol-sağ (LR) vücut eksenleri oluşur. Memeli embriyosunda biri primitif düğümde, diğeri anterior visseral endodermde (AVE) olmak üzere iki sinyal merkezi bulunmaktadır. Primitif düğüm Nodal, Chordin ve Noggin'i eksprese ederken, AVE ise baş oluşumu için gerekli olan çeşitli genleri (OTX2,LIM1 ve HESX1) eksprese eder. TGF-β ailesinin bir üyesi olan Nodal ise primitif çizgi ile mezoderm oluşumunun ana düzenleyicisidir ve embriyonik gelişimde eksen oluşumu için oldukça önemlidir. Primitif çizgi transkripsiyon faktörlerini ve çok sayıda spesifik geni ifade eder. Primitif düğüm tarafından eksprese olan BMP vücudun dorsal kısmının oluşumunda önemli role sahiptir. Sağ-sol asimetrisi gastrulasyon sırasında primitif düğümde gerçekleşen hücre-hücre etkileşimleri ile başlar. Sol tarafın ana belirleyicisi olan transkripsiyon faktörü olan Pitx 2, sol tarafta güçlü bir şekilde eksprese edilir. Sol taraftaki bir diğer önemli genler ise TGF-β ailesinin üyeleri olan Lefty 1 ve Lefty2'dir. Bugüne kadar yapılan araştırmalarda embriyonun sağ tarafının gelişimini kontrol eden genler sol tarafta olduğu kadar iyi tanımlanmamıştır. Bu derlemede, embriyonik gelişim sırasında vücut eksenlerinin (anterior-posterior ,dorsal-ventral ve sol-sağ) nasıl oluştuğu ve bu gelişimde yer alan sinyal molekülleri anlatılmıştır.
Hydrologic Impacts of a Strike-Slip Fault Zone: Insights from Joint 3D Body-Wave Tomography of Rock Valley
Authors: Harding Jennifer L. , Preston Leiph A. , Bodmer Miles A.
Published: December 2023

The Rock Valley fault zone (RVFZ), an intraplate strike-slip fault zone in the southern Nevada National Security Site (NNSS), hosted a series of very shallow (<3 km) earthquakes in 1993. The RVFZ may also have hydrological significance within the NNSS, potentially playing a role in regional groundwater flow, but there is a lack of local hydrological data. In the Spring of 2021, we collected active-source accelerated weight drop seismic data over part of the RVFZ to better characterize the shallow subsurface. We manually picked ∼17,000 P-wave travel times and over 14,000 S-wave travel times, which were inverted for P-wave velocity (VP), S-wave velocity (VS), and VP/VS ratio in a 3D joint tomographic inversion scheme. Seismic velocities are imaged as deep as ∼700 m in areas and generally align with geologic and structural expectations. VP and VS are relatively reduced near mapped and inferred faults, with the most prominent lower VP and VS zone around the densest collection of faults. We image VP/VS ratios ranging from ∼1.5 to ∼2.4, the extremes of which occur at a depth of ∼100 m and are juxtaposed across a fault. One possible interpretation of the imaged seismic velocities is enhanced fault damage near the densest collection of faults with relatively higher porosity and/or crack density at ∼100 m depth, with patches of semiperched groundwater present in the sedimentary rock in higher VP/VS areas and drier rock in lower VP/VS areas. A relatively higher VP/VS area beneath the densest faults persists at depth, which suggests percolation of groundwater via the fault damage zone to the regionally connected lower carbonate aquifer. Potentially, the presence and movement of groundwater may have played a role in the 1993 earthquake aftershocks.
The Ground-Motion Characterization Model for the 2022 New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model
Authors: Bradley Brendon A. , Bora Sanjay S. , Lee Robin L. , Manea Elena F. , Gerstenberger Matthew C. , Stafford Peter J. , Atkinson Gail M. , Weatherill Graeme , Hutchinson Jesse , de la Torre Christopher A. , Hulsey Anne M. , Kaiser Anna E.
Published: December 2023

This article summarizes the ground-motion characterization (GMC) model component of the 2022 New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (2022 NZ NSHM). The model development process included establishing a NZ-specific context through the creation of a new ground-motion database, and consideration of alternative ground-motion models (GMMs) that have been historically used in NZ or have been recently developed for global application with or without NZ-specific regionalizations. Explicit attention was given to models employing state-of-the-art approaches in terms of their ability to provide robust predictions when extrapolated beyond the predictor variable scenarios that are well constrained by empirical data alone. We adopted a “hybrid” logic tree that combined both a “weights-on-models” approach along with backbone models (i.e., metamodels), the former being the conventional approach to GMC logic tree modeling for NSHM applications using published models, and the latter being increasingly used in research literature and site-specific studies. In this vein, two NZ-specific GMMs were developed employing the backbone model construct. All of the adopted subduction GMMs in the logic tree were further modified from their published versions to include the effects of increased attenuation in the back-arc region; and, all but one model was modified to account for the reduction in ground-motion standard deviations as a result of nonlinear surficial site response. As well as being based on theoretical arguments, these adjustments were implemented as a result of hazard sensitivity analyses using models without these effects, which we consider gave unrealistically high hazard estimates.
The 2022 Aotearoa New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model: Process, Overview, and Results
Authors: Gerstenberger Matthew C. , Bora Sanjay , Bradley Brendon A. , DiCaprio Chris , Kaiser Anna , Manea Elena F. , Nicol Andy , Rollins Chris , Stirling Mark W. , Thingbaijam Kiran K. S. , Van Dissen Russ J. , Abbott Elizabeth R. , Atkinson Gail M. , Chamberlain Chris , Christophersen Annemarie , Clark Kate , Coffey Genevieve L. , de la Torre Chris A. , Ellis Susan M. , Fraser Jeff , Graham Kenny , Griffin Jonathan , Hamling Ian J. , Hill Matt P. , Howell A. , Hulsey Anne , Hutchinson Jessie , Iturrieta Pablo , Johnson Kaj M. , Jurgens V. Oakley , Kirkman Rachel , Langridge Rob M. , Lee Robin L. , Litchfield Nicola J. , Maurer Jeremy , Milner Kevin R. , Rastin Sepi , Rattenbury Mark S. , Rhoades David A. , Ristau John , Schorlemmer Danijel , Seebeck Hannu , Shaw Bruce E. , Stafford Peter J. , Stolte Andrew C. , Townend John , Villamor Pilar , Wallace Laura M. , Weatherill Graeme , Williams Charles A. , Wotherspoon Liam M.
Published: December 2023

The 2022 revision of Aotearoa New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (NZ NSHM 2022) has involved significant revision of all datasets and model components. In this article, we present a subset of many results from the model as well as an overview of the governance, scientific, and review processes followed by the NZ NSHM team. The calculated hazard from the NZ NSHM 2022 has increased for most of New Zealand when compared with the previous models. The NZ NSHM 2022 models and results are available online.
Cross-Regional Seismic Event Discrimination via Convolutional Neural Networks: Exploring Fine-Tuning and Ensemble Averaging
Authors: Kasburg Valentin , Müller Jozef , Eulenfeld Tom , Breuer Alexander , Kukowski Nina
Published: December 2023

The gradual densification of seismic networks has facilitated the acquisition of large amounts of data. However, alongside natural tectonic earthquakes, seismic networks also record anthropogenic events such as quarry blasts or other induced events. Identifying and distinguishing these events from natural earthquakes requires experienced interpreters to ensure that seismological studies of natural phenomena are not compromised by anthropogenic events. Advanced artificial intelligence methods have already been deployed to tackle this problem. One of the applications includes Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to discriminate different kinds of events, such as natural earthquakes and quarry blasts. In this study, we investigate the effects of ensemble averaging and fine-tuning on seismic event discrimination accuracy to estimate the potential of these methods. We compare discrimination accuracy of two different CNN model architectures across three datasets. This was done with the best models from an ensemble of each model architecture, as well as with ensemble averaging and fine-tuning methods. Soft voting was used for the CNN ensemble predictions. For the transfer learning approach, the models were pretrained with data from two of the datasets (nontarget regions) and fine-tuned with data from the third one (target region). The results show that ensemble averaging and fine-tuning of CNN models leads to better generalization of the model predictions. For the region with the lowest numbers of one event type, the combination of ensemble averaging and fine-tuning led to an increase in discrimination accuracy of up to 4% at station level and up to 10% at event level. We also tested the impact of the amount of training data on the fine-tuning method, showing, that to create a global model, the selection of comprehensive training data is needed.
Hydrology Drives Crustal Deformation and Modulates Seismicity in the Matese Massif (Italy)
Authors: Pintori Francesco , Sparacino Federica , Riguzzi Federica
Published: December 2023

We analyze the interplay between hydrology, deformation, and seismicity in the Matese massif, located in the Italian Southern Apennines. We find that this area is characterized by the concurrent action of two hydrologically driven processes: the first is the deformation detected by the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data in the shallowest part (above the elevation of the major springs) of the Earth crust, in phase with the hydrological forcing; the second is the triggering of seismicity at depth with a delay suggesting a downward diffusive process. We study the first process by applying a principal component analysis to the GNSS displacements time series, aiming to identify a common signal describing the largest data variance. We find that the maximum horizontal displacements associated with the first principal component (PC1) are larger than 1 cm in two GNSS sites, and the PC1 temporal evolution is well correlated and in phase with the flow of the largest spring of the region, which we consider as proxy of the water content of the massif. This suggests that the main source of horizontal deformation is the water content fluctuations in the shallow portion of the Matese aquifer, in particular within fractures located in correspondence of the main mapped faults. The deformation rates caused by this process are one order of magnitude larger than the tectonic ones. Finally, we infer the second process by observing the correlation between the background seismicity and the spring discharge with a time lag of 121 days. In our interpretation, downward diffusive processes, driven by aquifer water content variations, propagate pore-pressure waves that affect the fault’s strength favoring the occurrence of microearthquakes. This is supported by the values of hydraulic diffusivity (1.5  m2/s) and rock permeability (3.2–3.8×10−13  m2), which are compatible with what is observed in karstified limestones.
Nesnelerin İnterneti Araçlarının Uzaktan Eğitimde Kullanımı: Sistematik Alan Yazın Taraması
Authors: YILMAZ Fahri , ÖZDEMİR Doç. Dr. Selçuk
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada nesnelerin interneti (IoT) araçlarının kullanıldığı uzaktan eğitim çalışmalarının betimsel özellikleri ve araştırma eğilimleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında Web of Science (WOS) veri tabanında yer alan 319 makale ele alınmış, bunlardan araştırma kriterlerine uyan 42 tanesi içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar yıllar içerisinde IoT ile ilgili çalışmaların sayısında artış olduğunu göstermektedir. Özellikle COVID-19 pandemisi sonrası IoT’nin uzaktan eğitimde kullanımında artış olmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında incelenen çalışmaların büyük kısmı Çin, Tayvan, Japonya gibi Asya ülkelerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda öğrenme ortamını iyileştirmek, uzaktan deney sistemleri geliştirmek, öğrenci davranışlarının takip edilmesi ve akıllı öğrenme ortamlarının geliştirilmesi ile ilgili çalışmalar öne çıkmaktadır. Nesnelerin interneti araçları, uzaktan eğitim ortamlarında kullanılabilecek birçok fırsat sunmaktadır. Bu araçlar, öğrencilerin öğrenme deneyimini iyileştirmek, öğretmenlerin öğrenci ilerlemesini takip etmelerine yardımcı olmak ve eğitim kurumlarının verimliliğini artırmak için kullanılabilir. Makaleler, IoT teknolojilerinin eğitimde kullanımının avantajlarını vurgulamakta ve öğrencilerin öğrenme deneyimini geliştirmede önemli bir rol oynadığını ortaya koymaktadır.
Influence of Intercropping Maize with Climbing Bean on Quality and Forage Yield
Authors:   Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Agronomski fakultet, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska, Uher Darko , Horvatić Ivan
Published: December 2023

Corn silage is a high-yielding, voluminous forage rich in energy but with insufficient protein content for ighproducing cattle. Since legumes have a low dry matter yield, low forage yield and unsatisfactory quality, they are often used in intercropping with cereals, which contributes to a higher yield and better forage quality than in pure culture. In this research, corn (Zea mays L.) and climbing beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were sown in different sowing densities in order to determine the best ratio in the intercropping system of corn and beans to achieve high yield and good nutritional value of forage. A pure maize crop (75000 grains ha-1) and maize in intercropping with beans were sown: 75000 grains ha-1 of maize and 37000 grains ha-1 of beans, 75000 grains ha-1 of maize and 50000 grains ha-1 of beans and 75000 grains ha-1 of corn and 75000 grains ha-1 of beans. The highest yield of dry matter was determined with the highest proportion of beans (19.0 t ha-1), and the lowest yield with 75000 plants ha-1 of corn and 37000 plants ha-1 of beans (17.2 t ha-1). The intercropping of corn and beans reduced the proportion of neutral detergent fibers, which could result in an increase in the digestibility of voluminous forage. Based on the nutritional value and forage yield, we can conclude that the intercropping with the highest proportion of beans had the highest yield and the best nutritional value.
Quality of Old Bread as a Component for Animal Feed After Thermal Finishing in the Storage Process
Authors: Krička Tajana , Grubor Mateja ,   Sveučilište u Zagrebu Agronomski fakultet, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska, Voća Neven , Matin Ana , Jurišić Vanja , Janječić Zlatko , Kontek Mislav , Bilandžija Nikola
Published: December 2023

After returning from the market, bread is declared as old bread and as such was once sold at a certain price (0.013 €) and used as animal feed. Today, however, this is not allowed, but it is necessary to heat-treat this type of bread in some way. Namely, the Food Act (NN 18/2023) was passed in Croatia, which does not allow unhealthy animal feed, which includes unused old bread that is returned from the market. Based on the above, the aim of this paper is to thermally process white, corn and black bread by drying, pelleting, extruding, and getting a new component in animal nutrition. After that, store and determine whether there is an impact of heat treatment on the health of such bread. By monitoring the storage time of old bread types and technological processing on the sample temperature, it can be determined that the sample temperature was significantly influenced by the duration of storage. During the storage process, the moisture content in the samples of old bread varied significantly. The protein content differed significantly between the types of old bread, as well as the method of processing. Microbiological analysis of processed samples shows that all samples are healthy and can be used as feed.