bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guerra Cognitiva e militarização da neurociência:programas de pesquisa em neurotecnologias dos Estados Unidos e da China
Authors: Ambros Christiano Cruz
Published: August 2024

Neste artigo, analisamos o conceito de guerra cognitiva e o processo de militarização da neurociência. Em dezembro de 2020, o Comando Aliado para Transformação da Organização do Atlântico Norte (OTAN) publicou relatório sobre guerra cognitiva, sugerindo a adoção doutrinária de um sexto domínio operacional, o domínio cognitivo, somando-se aos domínios terrestre, marítimo, aéreo, espacial e cibernético. O cérebro humano, segundo o relatório, será um dos principais campos de batalha do século XXI. Programas científicos civis e militares patrocinados por diferentes potências têm resultado em rápidos avanços na neurociência e no desenvolvimento de neurotecnologias. O processo de militarização das neurotecnologias, com potencial de aumento da performance física e cognitiva de combatentes e comandantes, assim como de degradação das funções cerebrais do inimigo, tem sido acelerado por investimentos em programas militares específicos, especialmente nos Estados Unidos e China. As neurotecnologias têm potencial disruptivo nos conflitos em termos operacionais e táticos, com implicações na dimensão estratégica
PENGARUH FEATURE SELECTION DAN FEATURE EXTRACTION DALAM PENINGKATAN AKURASI KLASIFIKASI KEBAKARAN HUTAN
Authors: Armaya Andi Muhammad Rafli
Published: August 2024

Kebakaran hutan menjadi salah satu bencana yang menyebabkan kerugiaan yang sangat besar khususnya untuk lingkungan. Kebakaran hutan melepaskan sejumlah besar karbon dioksida, nitrogen oksida, belerang dioksida, dan gas rumah kaca lain yang mendorong terjadinya pemanasan global. Maka untuk menlakukan pencegahan dan meminimalisir dampak dari kebakaran hutan kita dapat melakukan data mining dengan cara klasifikasi. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan beberapa algoritma antara lain decision tree (C4.5), logistic regression, neural network dan naïve bayes untuk meningkatan tingkat akurasi dan setelah mendapatkan algoritma yang baik, maka dilakukan feature selection dan feature extraction untuk meningkatkan akurasi algoritma tersebut.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN KARYAWAN TERBAIK DI SUKU DINAS SUMBER DAYA AIR JAKARTA TIMUR MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP BERBASIS JAVA
Authors: Fadly Zoel , Abadi Laksana Prio , Cleopatra Maria
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu proses pengambilan keputusan karyawan terbaik menggunakan metode AHP pada Suku Dinas Sumber Daya Air Jakarta Timur Metode AHP digunakan untuk menentukan keputusan dengan perhitungan bobot kriteria dan subkriteria untuk mendapatkan karyawan terbaik. Sitem tersebut menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman Java serta menggunakan IDE Netbeans. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu proses pengambilan keputusan dengan lebih tepat serta efisien.  Kata kunci: Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Karyawan Terbaik, AHP, Java
Aplikasi E-marketplace Agribisnis Berbasis Website pada Desa Cucukan
Authors: Irwanto Bagas , Nugroho Agung , Fajri Ika Nur
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan ekonomi digital yang dipicu oleh kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi telah membawa perubahan signifikan, termasuk dalam sektor agribisnis. Sistem ini dibangun menggunakan metode penelitian waterfall, bahasa pemrograman PHP, Framework Laravel, basis data MySQL, dan di dilengkapi fitur payment gateway sebagai metode pembayaran di dalam marketplace yang dibangun, diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat dan menumbuhkan inovasi-inovasi baru di bidang agribisnis. Sistem ini dirancang untuk memfasilitasi penjualan hasil panen petani dan peternak secara online, sehingga dapat meningkatkan efisiensi transaksi dan mengurangi kesalahan dalam pengelolaan penjualan. Sistem ini tidak hanya mempermudah proses penjualan dan pembelian, tetapi juga berpotensi mengurangi selisih harga antara pasar dan petani dengan menyediakan platform transaksi yang kompetitif dan transparan. Selain itu, dengan fitur-fitur yang user-friendly, diharapkan aplikasi ini dapat diakses dan digunakan di berbagai perangkat. E-marketplace untuk meningkatkan kinerja penjualan dan juga mendukung kesejahteraan petani melalui proses penjualan dan pembelian yang lebih efisien dan transparan.
19. Yüzyıl İstanbul Evlerinin Salonlarında Modern Zaman Kavrayışının İzini Sürmek
Authors: Düzgün Top Derya , Özkaya Hatice Gökçen
Published: August 2024

On dokuzuncu yüzyılda, Osmanlı coğrafyası pek çok alanda bir rasyonelleşme sürecinden geçer. Gündelik hayatın merkezinde yer alan zaman kavrayışı da on dokuzuncu yüzyılda rasyonelleşir. Osmanlı’nın geleneksel dönemlerinde kozmik doğa olaylarının tekrarlanmasına bağlı olan zaman, on dokuzuncu yüzyılda doğa olaylarından bağımsızlaşarak soyut zamanın tanımladığı, evrensel ve eş aralıklı olan mekanik saat birimleriyle algılanır hale dönüşmüştür. Gündelik hayata dahil olan modern zaman kavrayışı Osmanlı’da toplumsal dinamikleri değiştirmiş ve yeni bir sosyo-kültürel yapı inşa etmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak barınma kültürü de bu dönüşümden etkilenmiş ve evler, yeni zaman kavrayışıyla birlikte farklı anlamlar kazanmıştır. Modern zaman kavrayışının, evlere dahil olma, evleri programlama ve rasyonelleştirme sürecinde salonlar çok önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Çünkü salon, evlerin Batı modeline en uygun tarzda düzenlenmiş, rasyonel bir kimliğin hüküm sürdüğü, ev sakinlerinin dışındaki bireylerin ağırlandığı kamusala dönük yüzüdür. Ve burası misafir ağırlama işlevini, belirli gün ve saatlerde gerçekleştirirken, evin geri kalanını organize edebilecek bir potansiyele sahip olmuştur. On dokuzuncu yüzyılda gündelik yaşam rutini modern zaman kavrayışıyla yeniden tanımlanırken, salonda gerçekleşen hemen her eylemin merkezinde de bu kavrayış bulunmaktadır. Makale de bu düşünceyle, evlerde salonlar aracılığıyla modern zaman kavrayışının izini sürme ve İstanbullular için henüz yeni olan bu mekânın bu kavrayışın inşasında nasıl bir rol oynadığını ortaya koyma niyetindedir.
A Path to Authentic Leadership: Interviews with Jeffrey E. Johnson
Authors: W Tripp Paul
Published: August 2024

Mr. Jeffrey Johnson is Executive Vice President of PNC Bank, N.A., one of the largest banks in the country. He has successfully managed and led organizations in the banking industry but also in consulting and auditing. He is a graduate of the University of Illinois and Harvard Business School and earned his doctorate in business from the University of South Florida. He has been, and remains, an accomplished athlete and competitor, having competed in multiple world championship ironmans and climbed six of the world’s seven summits by continent—among other things.
As part of an interview seminar for D.B.A. students at the University of South Florida, on July 1, 2023, five students, including me, interviewed Mr. Johnson. The purpose of the interviews was to conduct narrative research and, in so doing, reveal Mr. Johnson’s internal personal world, and make meaning of his lived experiences. The purpose of the research was to (i) evaluate adding to the body of knowledge in leadership studies Mr. Johnson as an exemplar of authentic leadership; and (ii) reasonably infer his leadership style may be of particular value to employees he leads. The conceptual scheme applied to analyze Mr. Johnson’s lived experiences was an authentic leadership development model known in applied literature. The scheme was used to explain the processes that lead to the development of an authentic leader.
The findings from the analysis supported (i) adding Mr. Johnson’s story to the body of knowledge as an exemplar of authentic leadership; and (ii) the reasonable inference that his particular leadership style may motivate his employees to thrive in the workplace and elicit creative tendencies there.
Update of the standard regulatory actions for prospective and retrospective cumulative dietary risk assessment of pesticides in MCRA
Authors: Engel Jasper , Kruisselbrink Johannes W. , van Voorthuijsen Tijmen , de Boer Waldo J. , van Lenthe Marco S. , van Donkersgoed Gerda , McKeon Hannah P. , Zwartsen Anne , van Klaveren Jacob D.
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Chemical risk assessment typically focusses on individual substances. However, people are exposed daily to multiple chemicals from diverse sources. The Monte Carlo Risk Assessment (MCRA) platform, developed by Wageningen University & Research (WUR, Biometris) for the Dutch Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), addresses this issue by enabling cumulative risk assessment (CRA). Recognising the need for mixture risk assessment (MRA), the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and RIVM collaborated under a Framework Partnership Agreement (FPA) to enhance the MCRA software for user‐friendly and transparent MRA. These enhancements include the development of a new standard regulatory action (SRA) and the refinement of existing retrospective SRAs. The new prospective SRA enables the evaluation of scenarios for new (proposed) maximum residue levels (MRL) for substances within existing cumulative assessment groups (CAG), with the potential for future application to new substances. Regarding the updates of existing retrospective SRAs, more recent occurrence data, food consumption data from more countries compared to the previous version of the SRA, and additional health effects/CAGs were included. Future actions may include further development and periodic updates of the current retrospective SRAs in MCRA, incorporating new considerations and data. These improvements facilitate compliance with regulatory methods and support efficient risk assessment.
FROM NOTCHES TO ALPHABET: TRACING THE EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCRIPTS FROM ANCIENT TO MODERN WORLD
Authors: Saini Barkha  , Dr. Gurcharan Singh  , Neetu Negi
Published: August 2024

Human association that is societies necessitate communication and language is the elemental means of human communication. In primitive times, communication was generally done through oral means restricted by space and time. Writing surpassed these limitations, allowing man to raise civilization. Writing began at first in the form of noticeable signs or pictures understandable to men. And now it has emerged in various ways: in science it is a scholarly tool, in literature it is a cultural channel and in art it is a form in itself. This preliminary investigation of history of writing is intended to provide background knowledge on the evolution of text as an art element. The present research aspires to investigate the evolution and advancement of scripts from ancient times to the emergence of alphabets. It provides the genesis, forms, objectives and sequential changes of the world’s major scripts. In the first section, what constitutes ‘complete writing’ has been defined with the assistance of scholarly theories. A brief insight of pictography and logography as prewriting has also been observed. Further in the second section the advancements in pictorial writing to phonetic writing is outlined. The third section traces the stories of Indian scripts and their development over the centuries. The study is based on qualitative research method acquiring data from museums, secondary sources and documentations. The research thus is an attempt to explore the value and objectivity of text used as a visual communication element. Eventually the study provides visualization of scripts in the form of notches, tallies, pictographs, graphic symbols and complete alphabets.
Assessing the Efficacy of Natural Pet Products in Protecting Gastric Cells and Reducing Cytotoxicity under Hyperacidity Conditions: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Lonigro N. , Martello E. , Perondi F. , Bigliati M. , Mohammed Z. R. , Costale A. , Rosso E. , Bruni N.
Published: August 2024

Gastritis in pets necessitates effective acid suppression for successful treatment. However, the synergistic potential of antacid salts within natural feed products remains underexplored. In this in vitro study, we aimed to compare six supplements comprising natural ingredients for their ability to safeguard gastric cells and mitigate cytotoxicity under hyperacidity conditions. While Product 1 showed ineffectiveness in cell protection, Products 2, 3, 4, and 5 exhibited varying degrees of reversal of hyperacidity-induced cytotoxicity. Notably, Product 6 demonstrated superior efficacy in shielding gastric cells from acidic pH-induced cytotoxicity, displaying a dose-dependent response. These findings highlight the potential of natural supplements, particularly Product 6, as promising candidates for mitigating gastritis-related conditions in pets. Further research, including in vivo studies, is warranted to validate these observations and explore their clinical applicability.
Current-Mode and Transimpedance-Mode Biquadratic Filter Circuit Using Five OTAs
Authors: Horng Jiun-Wei
Published: August 2024

A current-mode and transimpedance-mode biquadratic filter circuit with single current input terminal using five operational transconductance amplifiers and two grounded capacitors is presented. The proposed circuit can realize current-mode highpass, bandpass and lowpass responses, simultaneously. The current-mode notch and allpass responses can be obtained by interconnection of relevant output currents. Moreover, the transimpedance-mode highpass, bandpass and lowpass filters can also be obtained, simultaneously, from the proposed circuit. The resonance angular frequency and quality factor can be orthogonally adjusted.
Implementation of Deelneming in Tax Criminal Actions
Authors: Ariatmoko Nur
Published: August 2024

This research explores tax crimes within the framework of the Law on general regulations and tax procedures (UUKUP), focusing on mandatory contributions to the state by individuals and entities. Utilizing normative methodologies, including statutory analysis, conceptual exploration, and case studies, the study scrutinizes participation in tax crimes. Statutory analysis examines existing laws to identify gaps in the legal framework, while conceptual exploration establishes a theoretical foundation for understanding criminal actions and participation in taxation. Case studies analyze real-world instances, extracting insights. The findings reveal a gap in regulating the capacity and role of tax crime perpetrators. This gap is evident in the application of laws, lacking explicit regulations on criminal actions and participation, weakening implementation. Determining involvement is discretionary, hindering effective enforcement. This study emphasizes the need for comprehensive legislation on taxation-related criminal acts, defining participation parameters. Strengthening the legal framework enhances efficacy in combating tax crimes, providing a robust foundation for judicial decisions and equitable enforcement
The Sexual Violence Criminal Law (TPKS Law) in Preserving the Family in The Maqasid Sharia Perspective
Authors: Suwarjin Suwarjin , Shairgojri Aadil Ahmad
Published: August 2024

This study aims to unveil the manifestations of sexual violence in Bengkulu and subsequently elucidate the significance of the Sexual Violence Law in safeguarding families through the lens of Maqasid Sharia. Employing a qualitative library research methodology with a normative-conceptual approach, the investigation reveals two main findings. First, the ratification of the Sexual Violence Law signifies a legal stride to address and protect victims, filling a void in specific legislative provisions. Notably, Bengkulu ranks fourth in sexual violence cases within Sumatra, with perpetrators predominantly known to the victims. However, the region lacks comprehensive psychosocial support, including educational aid, psychological services, reproductive health examinations, and talent development opportunities for child victims. The absence of secure shelters compels social workers to resort to orphanages as an alternative. Second, the urgency of the Sexual Violence Law, viewed through the Maqasid Sharia perspective, aligns with the dharuriyat level, emphasizing the protection of religion (Hifz al-Diin), safeguarding the body and soul (Hifz al-Nafs), ensuring mental well-being (Hifz al-‘aql), and protecting offspring (Hifz al-Nasl). This study sheds light on the necessity of legal provisions in mitigating sexual violence while emphasizing the broader societal and familial dimensions from a Maqasid Sharia standpoint.
The Law of Circumcision for Women According to the Syafi'i Mazhab, Maqashid Sharia, and Constitution
Authors: Mubarok Husni , Jamil M. , Syahputera Akmaluddin
Published: August 2024

The implementation of self-circumcision in Indonesia was sheltered by the government, in this case, the Ministry of Health, in 2010 with the issuance of Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1636/MENKES/PER/XI/ 2010 concerning Female Circumcision. Problems arose when the 2010 rule was repeated in 2014, resulting in discomfort among the people of Marbau District, North Labuhanbatu Regency. This study will analyze the enlightenment of the theory of legal certainty, maqashid asy-syari'ah, regarding Circumcision in the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2014 in Marbau District, North Labuhanbatu Regency. The research method used the library (library research) and (empirical research). The Primary sources are observations, interviews, and Regulations of the Minister of Health in 2010 and 2014. The research results show that in terms of legal certainty theory, the Law is made so that it can be implemented by the community, while The 2014 repeal regulation is uncertain because it is difficult to implement. In the maqashid asy-shari'ah aspect, Circumcision is part of religious care (hifzud din), on the other hand, it does not mean that in the practice of Circumcision, harming girls or neglecting to protect oneself or one's soul (hifzhun nafs), but for the sake of giving obedience, and it is useful to control the lust of a girl when she grows up.
Religious Harmony Forum (FKUB) Strategy in Increasing Religious Moderation Jurisprudence in Bengkulu Province
Authors: Khairiah Khairiah , Irsal Irsal , Putri Nurahmah
Published: August 2024

Religious moderation remains challenging for some individuals, evident in the rise of intolerance, radicalism, disputes, and societal conflicts stemming from diversity. This study aims to map and describe the strategies employed by Interfaith Harmony Forums (FKUB) in enhancing religious moderation. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive method, primary and secondary data were collected from FKUB institutions in various districts and provinces. Primary data included profiling, motivations, challenges faced, and solutions implemented by FKUB administrators and members in managing difficulties. The research findings indicate an improvement in religious moderation in Bengkulu Province, as FKUBs have implemented collaborative patterns with the community, conducted work programs, coordinated with religious and community leaders, promoted legal awareness, and engaged in monitoring activities. However, some FKUBs encounter difficulties due to a lack of dedicated secretariat offices, reliance on temporary status, inadequate facilities, and limited budget allocation, leading to reliance on personal funds for religious moderation activities. This study suggests further research exploring regional comparative aspects and employing diverse data and methods to address FKUBs' challenges in enhancing religious moderation
The Role of the Sharia Supervisory Board in Ensuring Contract Compliance in Sharia Financial Institutions' Financing Practices
Authors: Sriani Endang , Habibah Iffatul
Published: August 2024

Murabahah financing, in concept and principle, is intended for a sale and purchase agreement with an agreed-upon cost price and desired profit margin. However, variations exist in practice, where clients use this financing to settle their debts rather than to acquire the objects specified in the contract. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the role of the Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS) in Sharia Financial Institutions concerning Murabahah financing. This study is a field research with an empirical juridical approach. Data were gathered through interviews, observations, and document analysis, and the collected data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. The results indicate that the supervision by the DPS is not optimal as it is limited to central offices and relies on information provided by management, thus not detecting violations in the field. The suggestion from this research is that the supervision would be more comprehensive if the DPS also verifies with clients as a comparative data source to ensure the conformity of products with Sharia principles.
Legal Analysis of Islamic Economic Law on Hybrid Contracts in Islamic Financial Institution Products
Authors: Niffilayani Anita , Thao Le Thi
Published: August 2024

This article is intended to philosophically analyze the existence of hybrid contracts or al-’uqûd al-murakkabah (complex contracts) or multi-contracts. The research focuses on the opinions of hadith scholars and fiqh muamalah (Islamic commercial jurisprudence), as well as their applications in Islamic financial institutions. This is crucial because a single contract form cannot adequately respond to the current financial conditions. Transactions are always dynamic and influenced by the financial industry at national, regional, and international levels. This research is a qualitative-literature study with a philosophical-normative approach. It analyzes the hadith texts and scholars' views philosophically, then juxtaposes the ideal-philosophical aspect with the reality in Islamic banking. The study concludes that, first, the Sharia economic law analysis of hadith related to the hybrid contract model explains the prohibition of bai’ataini fi bai’atin (two sales and purchases in one), the prohibition of shafqataini fi shafqatin (two agreements in one), and the prohibition of bay' and salaf (sales agreement and advance payment for goods). Second, the construction of the hybrid model in Islamic banking aims to develop al-’uqûd al-mutaqâbilah (conditional contracts) and al-’uqûd al-Mujtami’ah (similar contracts), implemented in housing financing.
The Applicability of Leasing Contracts in Islamic Law Perspective to Enhance the Economic Growth in Indonesia
Authors: Jalili Ismail
Published: August 2024

The lease finance contract plays a significant role in contemporary financial operations in Indonesia. However, the lease contract must adhere to Islamic law and government regulations in order to promote the reliability of leasing within society and among business participants. The purpose of this study was to analyze the compliance of leasing practices in Indonesia to Islamic law and regulatory standards, as well as to evaluate the level of compliance and protection provided by legal provisions in leasing contracts for small and medium-sized businesses operating in the home industry sector in Indonesia. This study employs a qualitative analytical method based on the application of a statutory and conceptual approach to data description and analysis. The results show that the leasing activities carried out by business entities in Indonesia are conducted in compliance with the principles of Islamic law and the regulations set by the government. Leasing has demonstrated its significant role in fostering economic expansion and augmenting state revenue. Nevertheless, it is anticipated that the government will assume a more proactive role in enhancing consumer protection and ensuring efficient oversight, so ensuring that leasing practices adhere to current legal regulations
Economic Exploitation of Children in The Urban Context: a Case Study of Palembang City
Authors: Pertiwi Hana , Atika Atika , Abdillah Muhammad
Published: August 2024

This article aims to examine children as victims often exploited in the social reality of society. The study is conducted to observe how children are utilized as instruments to meet economic needs, primarily by their parents. Additionally, this investigation seeks to examine, analyze the causative factors, and explore the implications resulting from economic exploitation of children. The approach in this paper is descriptive-qualitative, utilizing a library research method with readings and searches on the Google search engine related to "economic exploitation of children." The article reveals that children are positioned as tools to acquire resources for their parents. It also illustrates that socio-economic conditions often serve as a rationale for parents to exploit children economically, and this exploitation has persisted continuously amidst the growing demands for child protection. The study further demonstrates systematic and structured economic exploitation of children in Palembang City, frequently conducted openly. Such practices place children as vulnerable subjects within the legal framework, often neglecting the rights of children, as commonly observed in the social reality of the community.
Characteristics of State in Islamic Perspective: Review of the Application of Islamic Law in the Indonesian Legal System
Authors: Muhja Zainal Abidin , Gunawan Arifin Faqih , Rahim Erman I , Manullang Sardjana Orba , Yassine Chami
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of state according to Islamic paradigm and the ideal form of relationship between religion and state in the Indonesian constitution. The main focus is on how the integration between religion and the state is manifested in these two contexts, as well as how Pancasila, as the ideology of the Indonesian state, plays a role in finding a balance between religious diversity and democratic principles. This research uses a normative legal method with a philosophical and analytical approach. Through analytical descriptive analysis, this study describes the prevailing laws and regulations, legal theory, and positive law enforcement practices related to this issue, both in the context of Islam and within the framework of the Indonesian constitution. The results show that state concept in Islam tends to maintain a strong integration between religion and state. Meanwhile, in the Indonesian context, Pancasila as a state ideology serves as a meeting point that accommodates diversity and democratic principles. This study reveals that despite the challenges, the compromise found in Pancasila has been a solution to maintain the unity of Indonesia in the midst of its religious and cultural diversity
The Relevance of the al-Musâwâh Principle and the Law Prohibiting Monopolistic Practices in the Use of Digital Payments
Authors: Nopriansyah Waldi , Huzaimah Arne , Salim Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Using a single digital payment application exclusively among business entities has adverse effects on economic activities, leading to the emergence of monopolistic practices. Therefore, the principle of al-Musâwâh (balance) is crucial in economic transactions. This study aims to elucidate the prohibition of monopolistic practices, advocate for the application of the al-Musâwâh principle in business operations, and explore its relevance in curbing monopolistic behaviours in the utilisation of digital payments across various business sectors. This research employs a qualitative approach through a literature review, focusing on normative analysis related to the al-Musâwâh principles and the prohibition of monopolistic practices in digital payments. The critical-comparative analysis method is utilised to critique and correlate the application of the al-Musâwâh principle with the prohibition of monopolistic practices. The findings indicate that businesses should adhere to the al-Musâwâh principle when utilising digital payment systems and refrain from exclusive partnerships with single payment platforms. Current practices where companies restrict themselves to one digital payment application contribute to monopolistic tendencies. Consequently, the Indonesian Competition Commission (KPPU) and the Government are urged to amend Law Number 5 of 1999 on Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition promptly to effectively address issues in the digital economy
Problems of Peer-to-Peer Lending (P2PL) in Indonesia from an Islamic Law Perspective
Authors: Permatasari Ermanita , Fatimah Siti , Safitri Nuri , Wijaya Roma
Published: August 2024

In today's digital era, online platforms have revolutionised access to essential services, including financial transactions such as borrowing money. This research investigates the proliferation of online lending services, which provide easy access to funds with minimal prerequisites, thus facilitating widespread participation. However, the exponential growth of online loans also amplifies associated risks for all stakeholders involved. This study employs an empirical-juridical approach to examine the implementation of online lending and borrowing services, evaluating both their benefits and drawbacks. The research utilises data from Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016, focusing on its impact on consumer protection within the online lending sector. By analysing regulatory frameworks and empirical data, this study aims to enhance public awareness regarding the legal provisions and risks associated with online financial transactions. The findings underscore the necessity of informed decision-making among borrowers and lenders alike, promoting a balanced approach to financial inclusivity and risk management in the digital economy. Ultimately, this research contributes valuable insights into the evolving landscape of online lending practices and their implications for regulatory policy and consumer protection in Indonesia
Identity Politics and Prospective Leader Selection: A Perspective from Fiqh Siyasah
Authors: Annizar Ahmad , Fuad Zainul , Nasution M. Syukri Albani
Published: August 2024

This research delves into the intricate dynamics of identity politics within the framework of selecting prospective leaders, with the overarching goal of reconciling perspectives from both the state and Islamic law to foster societal stability and harmony. Employing qualitative research methods, including observation, interviews, and documentation, the study embarks on a comprehensive exploration of political participation within Fiqh Siyasah. It underscores the imperative of entrusting leadership roles to individuals who demonstrate unwavering commitment to upholding Islamic principles in politics. This research shed light on the adaptable nature of Fiqh Siyasah, which continuously evolves to address society's evolving needs and challenges. Through a case study focusing on the political engagement of the Kotasan Village Community in the 2022 Village Head Election, the research elucidates the multifaceted dimensions of political participation within an Islamic context. Despite the inherent mandate to elect leaders for the betterment of societal welfare, the study reveals prevalent challenges, notably the pervasive influence of money-driven politics that often supersedes the foundational principles of Fiqh Siyasah. This research serves as a significant contribution to the discourse on identity politics and leadership selection, offering valuable insights into the nuanced interplay between religious principles and political realities in contemporary societies.
Effectiveness of Badan Penasihat Pembinaan dan Pelestarian Perkawinan in the Prospective Bride Course Program as an Effort to Anticipate Divorce
Authors: Nasution Adaham Asparoni , Tanjung Dhiauddin , Siregar Ramadhan Syahmedi
Published: August 2024

Divorce and marital disputes are significant social issues in Deli Serdang Regency, Indonesia. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the prospective bride and groom course program and the role of the Marriage Counseling, Guidance, and Preservation Agency (BP4) in resolving marital disputes during the 2021-2023 period. This empirical legal research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing data from BP4 statistical reports and the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court. The findings indicate that BP4's involvement in marital disputes is low, ranging from 0.95% to 1.48% of total cases filed with the Religious Court, but the success rate of mediation at BP4 is significant, reaching 33.33%. The prospective bride and groom course program is effective in reducing the number of disputes that end up in court. Policy recommendations include increasing public awareness about the importance of mediation before filing court cases and strengthening the prospective bride and groom course program as a more effective divorce prevention measure.
Islamic Family and Child Protection Law’s Perspective On Violence Against Children
Authors: Chandra Beni , Andiko Toha
Published: August 2024

The Indonesian Government guarantees the rights and protection of children by Act 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. The law provides absolute protection for children against physical and psychological violence that they may receive, but on the other hand there is an interest in Moslem’s families to educate their children according to Islamic law (fiqh), so that there is a contradiction both of them. This research was conducted to determine the view of Islamic family and positive law on the problem of handling and protecting children and the limits of violence against children. The researchers used a comparative approach and library research method. Based on the research conducted, it is found that Islamic family and positive law go in line to provide protection for children. The differences are in the perspective of “children”, violence against children, the application of physical and psychological punishment, and actions against perpetrators of violence. In addition, there are limits to acts of both physical and psychological violence as a preventive and repressive measure against children, according to the provisions of Islamic family law
The Problematics on Implementation of Law Number 23 Year 2011 Concerning Zakat Management at Baznas Lubuk Linggau City
Authors: Rahma Aneka , Tamam Badrun
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explain the problems in implementing Article 3 of Law Number 23 Year 2011 concerning Zakat Management in BAZNAS, Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra. This is qualitative field and library research. The data collection techniques are observation, interview and documentation. The issues are how the efforts of Baznas Lubuk Linggau in implementing Law Number 23 Year 2011 and what are the problems in its implementation. The results show that Baznas Lubuk Linggau strives to empower zakat funds optimally through the Smart Lubuklinggau Program, Lubuk linggau Peduli, Lubuk linggau Taqwa, Lubuk linggau Sehat, Lubuk linggau Makmur, and Lubuk linggau Amil, as well as proposing a Mayor Regulation on zakat. Meanwhile, the problem of implementation are: the manager does not yet have compelling authority, the institution cannot be controlled by muzakki, supervision of implementation of planned programs is not optimal; lack of awareness of public participation, and the mindset of the people who still think that the zakat funds they receive is a provision and become their right that do not need to be accounted
Islamic Inheritance Systematics in The City of Binjai (Case Study Of The Division Of Inheritance Of Daughter And Biological Uncle)
Authors: Muharrama Adliya Muchni , Matsum Hasan , Nasution Muhammad Syukri Albani
Published: August 2024

The problem of inheritance that is often a problem in society is when a dead leaves only daughters so that the father's brother gets the inheritance because there are no barriers to inheritance. In general, the dead's wife and daughter are not willing to leave the inherited properties due to the roles of the father's biological brother as long as the dead ( father ) does not play a maximum role as guardian. However, if the biological uncle's share is not given, it is feared that there will b damage to the family relationships between the biological uncle and the dead daughter. So later, in Binjai City, the biological uncle was still given the inheritance, but only part of the actual portions. This study analyzes the practice of inheritance settlement between uncles and daughters in the Binjai City community and the legal arguments of religious leaders who play a role in it. The research method used is field-qualitative with a normative approach and legal sociology. This research found that in solving the distribution of inheritance between daughters when dealing with paternal brothers in Binjai City, there are generally two ways of settlement, namely: First, the clergy want to remain consistent in applying the provisions of inheritance law by traditional fiqh, namely the father's biological brother gets the share of the heir when dealing with an only daughter. Second, scholars try to update the meaning of Islamic inheritance law by placing the position that a daughter can wear the hijab from her father's brother.
The Effectiveness Of The E-Litigation Trial Process Based On Perma No.1 Of 2019 In Divorce Cases In The Medan Religious Courts
Authors: Hasibuan Fatta Arbie Permadi , Lubis Fauziah
Published: August 2024

The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the divorce case trial process using the E-Litigation system and to identify the factors that hinder and support electronic trials at the Medan Class IA Religious Court. The research method used is non-doctrinal law, focusing on the effectiveness of a law and the factors influencing it. The research instruments include laws, books, journals, and scientific works. Data was obtained from observations at the Medan Class 1A Religious Court, followed by interviews with judges, expert staff operating the e-Litigation application, and admins at the e-Court Corner desk. The problem formulation is: What is the opinion of the panel of judges regarding the effectiveness of e-Litigation according to PERMA No. 1 of 2019 in handling divorce cases? The research results indicate that the effectiveness of the E-Litigation process in divorce cases is very high. It facilitates the parties involved in the dispute, reduces court costs, decreases the backlog of cases, and limits the spread of the Covid-19 outbreak. The E-Litigation system is very effective without compromising the substance of the court process or the rights of the litigants, ensuring that the truth is reached through formalities. Therefore, it can be acknowledged that E-Litigation is an effective trial method.
Comparison of al-Syatibi and Thahir Ibn Asyria’s Thoughts on Maqashid Shari’ah
Authors: Ningsih Bekti Cikita Setiya
Published: August 2024

This article will discuss the thoughts of two scholars in the field of maqashid sharia, namely Al-Syatibi as a classical scholar who studied maqashid sharia as an independent discipline until he got the nickname of the first teacher (mu’allim awwal) by producing a work entitled al-Muwaffaqat fi Ushul al-Syariah. The second, Thahir ibn Asyur is a scholar who became the successor of Al-Syatibi in studying the maqashid sharia after the absence of maqashid sharia works for six centuries until he has dubbed the second teacher (mu’allim tsani). According to Al-Syatibi, maqashid sharia is generally divided into two things, namely the legal establishment based on illat (ta’lil problem) and al-mashalih wa al-mafasid (benefit and damage) based on three levels of benefit, namely daruriyyat (primary maslahat), hajiyyat (secondary maslahat), and tahsiniyyat (tertiary maslahat). While Thahir ibn Asyur argues that maqashid sharia is divided into two things, namely maqashid sharia al-ammah and maqashid sharia al-khassah, thahir ibn Asyur’s thinking is based on four things namely: al-musawah, al-fitrah, al-hurriyah and al-samahah. The purpose of this paper is compare the thoughts of the figures regarding maqashid sharia
Strategic Enhancement of Financial Inclusion through Shariah-Compliant Fintech: A SWOT Analysis of Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Gunung Tua
Authors: Siregar Risma Haryani , Syahbudi Muhammad , Harahap Muhammad Ikhsan
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the strategy for increasing inclusive finance through Shariah fintech at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Gunung Tua using SWOT analysis. A qualitative research approach was utilized. The results of the SWOT analysis revealed that the IFAS matrix scored 0.6 and the EFAS matrix scored 0.54, indicating Quadrant I and suggesting an aggressive strategy that supports growth policies by leveraging all strengths to maximize opportunities. Based on these results, the improvement strategy for BSI KCP Gunung Tua includes: first, utilizing transaction services available anytime and anywhere to attract individuals who prefer mobile banking (BSI Mobile) (S3, O3); second, capitalizing on the predominantly Muslim community in Gunung Tua, which has great potential, by offering low operational cost services from the Indonesian Shariah bank (S1, O1); third, leveraging the preference for mobile banking transactions with an easy process at BSI (S2, O3)
Dynamics of Hajj Financial Management regulation in Efforts to Good Governance
Authors: Zakiruddin Muhammad Aziz
Published: August 2024

Hajj financial management, especially within the scope of the Ummah Endowment Fund, has a dark record that must be corrected. Not only limited to investment, but the discourse of Hajj funds for infrastructure is also one of the government’s efforts so that Hajj funds can provide use-value. Legal certainty, justice, equality, prohibition of acting arbitrarily, and creating welfare and social cohesiveness in society are the principles of good governance. In Indonesia, to establish an orderly organization of Hajj, laws and regulations, government regulations, presidential regulations, and regulations for the Hajj Financial Management Agency have been made. As for the formulation of the problem in this paper, how are the dynamics of the financial management of Indonesian Hajj?, and how are the efforts to manage the Hajj f inances based on good governance?. This research is library research, using a normative juridical method with a statutory approach. Some of the findings in this study indicate that regulations in the financial management of Hajj provide a polemic of its own so that it loses its identity and principle. Dualism of authority, inefficient management, and the potential for fraud are demands to fix the messy financial management of Hajj, towards good governance-based Hajj financial management.
Selaghian Traditional Sanctions upon a Perspective of Islamic Law (Study on Serawai Community in Air Nipis District, South Bengkulu Regency)
Authors: Hernata Tendra , Andiko Toha
Published: August 2024

This study discusses the issue of the application of selaghian customary sanctions to the Serawai people of South Bengkulu as well as examines the opinion of Islamic law on these sanctions. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive normative legal approach, to unravel the facts found in the f ield (field research). Based on the data collected through observation and in-depth interviews in the field, it was found that the form of selaghian that is still being practiced is selaghian sebambangan, a type of selaghian performed by a couple (male and female) with both of them secretly running away from the house with no friends, going to the house of a local traditional leader, then being told by someone else to tell the couple’s parents, to pick up the couple and marry them off. Customs impose fines that vary according to the severity of the offense committed. In terms of Islamic law, the provision of customary sanctions in the form of ta’zir punishment is legal and may be carried out as a good custom (‘urf shahih) with the aim of causing a deterrent effect for the perpetrators (zawajir).
Limitations of Women's Genitals According to M. Syahrur (Ijtihad Method Analysis Study)
Authors: Syariansyah Iqbal Dwi , Ananda Faisar , Jamil Jamil
Published: August 2024

The formulation of the research problem is What are the limits of female genitalia according to M. Syahrur and How does M. Syahrur use the ijtihad method in determining the boundaries of female genitalia. This research is library research, using a reference source by M. Syahrur entitled al-Kitab wa al-Qur'analQur'an Mu'ashirahMu'ashirah as the primary reference, as well as other books which include the issue of the boundaries of women'swomen's private parts. The results of the study show that the application of M. Syahrur'sSyahrur's limit theory (nazhariatul hudud) in the problem of the boundaries of women'swomen's private parts states that women cannot be naked because they exceed or exceed the minimum limit (al-hadd al-adnaa). The elements that must be covered and constitute genitalia for women are under the minimum limit (al-hadd al-adnaa), namely the lower part (al-juyub as-sufliyah), (al-juyub as-sufliyah) consisting of the genitals, buttocks, armpits, and breasts. The limitations of women'swomen's private parts in social activation in society include the minimum limits (al-hadd al-adnaa) and parts of women'swomen's bodies that must be covered per public perceptions. Women may not exceed the maximum limit (al-hadd al-a'la). Therefore, they cannot hide their face and hands, such as veiling (niqab). The ijtihad method used by M. Syahrur in determining the boundaries of women'swomen's private parts, with his theory Nazhariatul Hudud explains that there is a minimum limit (al-hadd al-adnaa) and a maximum limit (al-hadd al-a'laaal-a'laa). The minimum limit is the lowest provision of the rules prescribed by Allah SWT, while the maximum limit is the highest limit of a rule. Therefore, it is not permissible to do something less than the minimum limit and also not to do anything more than the maximum limit
Multi-Strategies for Treating the Roots of Corruption Behavior in Indonesia
Authors: Muhtamar Syafruddin , Rauf Abdul , Hardi Hardi
Published: August 2024

Massiveness of corrupt behavior throughout the history of the Republic of Indonesia has had a bad impact on national life and the nation's generation, so it requires comprehensive handling. The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze the root causes of corrupt behavior and determine strategic methods of handling them. The discussion is carried out using a qualitative analysis method, with the support of primary and secondary data. The results of the discussion found that the root of the problem of corrupt behavior is in two influencing factors, namely individual problems and system problems. The individual problem is the loss of awareness of religious values and spiritualism. The system problem is influenced by two factors, namely: civilization dominated by materialism values and the feudal nature of past power. The root of the problem of corrupt behavior can be handled with a multi-strategy approach in the fields of education, culture, politics and law. The fields of education and culture are for the long-term vision and the fields of politics and law for the medium-short-term mission in dealing with the root causes of corrupt behavior. In conclusion, corruption occurs because of weak religious beliefs and individual spiritualism due to the influence of material civilization and feudal character. The replanting of religious and spiritual bases for the nation's generation is very important and forms the basis of a multistrategy approach to dealing with the root causes of corrupt behavior in Indonesia
Syar’u Man Qablanâ and It’s Implementation in Sharia Economic Law (Mu’amalah Mâliyyah)
Authors: Putra Panji Adam Agus
Published: August 2024

The terms of the earlier people's sharia or called syar’u man qablanâ are one of the legal arguments in Islam that have been debated by scholars related to their validity. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct related research on the concept of syar’u man qablanâ and its implementation in the field of mu’âmalah mâliyyah. This research uses a normative juridical approach. The sources of this study are primary and secondary sources. This research is descriptive and classified as qualitative research. The results showed that the implementation of the sharia of the previous people in the field of mu’âmalah mâliyyah was the Ju’âlah contract, the Ijârah contract, the Dhamân Mâ Tafsadahu al-Dawwâb al-Mursalah, the kafâlah bi al-wajh (bi al-nafs) contract and the qismah muhaya’ah contract.