bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using a Two-Step Transformation to Address Non-Normality from a Business Value of Information Technology Perspective
Authors: Templeton Gary F. , Burney Laurie L.
Published: July 2016

Accounting information systems (AIS) research data may suffer from severe non-normality, which, if not handled properly, may lead to incorrect statistical inferences. To address this problem, we empirically evaluate the relative merits of a Two-Step normality transformation proposed by Templeton (2011) compared to four alternative distributions available to researchers (random-normal, original, natural log transformed, and winsorization transformed). Using 45 corporate financial performance ratios (CFP), we investigated three perspectives on measurement validity: construct validity, reliability, and difference testing. We then examined the efficacy of the Two-Step method in the context of business value of IT research—we regressed four IT investment and three control variables on 31 of theoretically relevant CFP indicators. The preponderance of our evidence shows that the Two-Step method consistently outperforms the prominently used alternatives in achieving statistical normality, retaining original series means and standard deviations, exhibiting validity and reliability, and theory testing. Our findings strongly suggest that AIS researchers consider adopting the Two-Step normality transformation when utilizing non-normally distributed data to obtain a more accurate understanding and interpretation of results.
The Role of Veterinary Education in Safety Policies for Animal-Assisted Therapy and Activities in Hospitals and Nursing Homes
Authors: Linder Deborah E. , Mueller Megan K. , Gibbs Debra M. , Siebens Hannah C. , Freeman Lisa M.
Published: July 2016

Animal-assisted activities (AAA) and animal-assisted therapy (AAT) programs are increasing in popularity, but current programs vary in their safety and health policies. Veterinarians can have an important role in ensuring the safety of both the animals and humans involved, but it is unclear how best to educate veterinary students to serve effectively in this role. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess the knowledge gaps and perceptions of first-year veterinary students on health and safety aspects of AAA/AAT programs by administering a survey. This information could then guide future educational training in veterinary schools to address the knowledge gaps in this area. Formal education during the veterinary curriculum had not yet been provided to these students on AAA/AAT before the survey. Of 98 first-year veterinary students, 91 completed the survey. When asked about policies on visiting animals, 58% of students responded that nursing homes are required to have a policy and 67% responded that hospitals are required to have one. Three quarters of students reported that veterinarians, animal handlers, and facilities should share the responsibility for ensuring safe human–animal interaction in AAA/AAT programs. Most (82%) of the students responded that all or most national and local therapy animal groups prohibit animals that consume raw meat diets from participating in AAA/AAT programs. The results of this survey will help veterinary schools better identify knowledge gaps that can be addressed in veterinary curricula so future veterinarians will be equipped to provide appropriate public health information regarding AAA/AAT programs.
Peanut Cultivars Differing in Growth Habit and Canopy Architecture Respond Similarly to Weed Interference
Authors: Leon Ramon G. , Mulvaney Michael J. , Tillman Barry L.
Published: July 2016

It has been proposed that crops can be improved to be more competitive with weeds by increasing their ability to suppress weed growth and reproduction. Weed suppressive ability is predominantly influenced by plant architectures that favor shading and rapid canopy closure. A three-yr field experiment was conducted in Jay, FL to assess the response of peanut cultivars with different growth habits to weed interference. Three cultivars (‘Bailey', erect growth and tall canopy height; ‘Georgia-06G', semi-bunch and intermediate height; ‘TUFRunner 727’, prostrate growth and intermediate height) and one advanced breeding line (‘UFT312’, very prostrate growth and short canopy height) were subjected to three weed interference levels: no interference, early season interference, and full-season interference. Results showed that, despite differences in growth habit, morphological response to weed interference was similar among peanut cultivars. All cultivars suppressed weed growth more than 76% in 2 of 3 yr. Peanut reduced reproductive growth and maintained vegetative growth under weed interference scenarios, and yields decreased as interference duration increased. Competitiveness of peanut to weeds could be improved by identification of lines that better balance translocation of photoassimilates favoring kernels over vegetative growth.
Artemisinic acid exhibits antitumor activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells through the inhibition of angiogenesis, VEGF, m-TOR and AKT signalling pathways
Authors: Cui Yan , Ren Hui , Li Hao-Chang , Wang Quan-Shi
Published: July 2016

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antitumor and anti-angiogenic effects of artemisinic acid in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Various cell signalling pathways (VEGF, m-TOR and AKT signalling pathways) and MTT assay were used. The in vivo antitumor activity of artemisinic acid was evaluated by means of tumor xenograft mouse model. Transwell cell migration assay was used to examine the chemotactic motility of the human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), while as endothelial cell capillary-like tube formation assay was used to evaluate the effect of artemisinic acid on the tube formation in HUVECs. We found that artemisinic acid considerably reduced both the volume and weight of concrete tumors and reduced angiogenesis in a xenograft mouse tumor model in vivo. Further, artemisinic acid suppressed the VEGF-induced cell migration and capillary-like tube formation of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. Artemisinic acid was found to suppress the VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and also the activity of AKT and m-TOR.

Video Clip:

Western blot assay: 4 min 33 sec 
Arsenic contamination in surface and groundwater in major parts of Manikganj district, Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Atia , Mia MY , Zakir HM
Published: July 2016

The contamination of groundwater by arsenic (As) in Bangladesh is the largest poisoning of population in history, with millions of people exposed. Thirty (30) water samples were collected from 5 different Upazilas of Manikganj district in Bangladesh to determine the concentration of As as well as to assess the level of contamination. Concentrations of As in waters were within the range of 0.27 to 1.96; 0.43 to 5.09; trace to 6.69 mg L-1 at Singair, Harirampur and Ghior Upazila, respectively. But the concentration of As in waters both of Manikganj sadar and Shivalaya Upazila were trace. All surface and groundwater samples of Singair and Harirampur, and 4 groundwater samples of Ghior Upazilas exceeded Bangladesh standard value for As concentration (0.05 mgL-1). The highest As concentration (6.69 mgL-1) was found in groundwater of Baliakhora village of Ghior upazila in Manikganj district. The cation chemistry indicated that among 30 water samples, 15 showed dominance sequence as Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Na+ > K+ and 14 samples as Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+. On the other hand, the dominant anion in water samples was Cl- followed by HCO3- and SO42-. Highly significant positive correlations were found in between the concentrations of As and SO42-(r=712**),and As and Ca2+ (r=581*), suggesting similar sources and/or similar geochemical processes controlling the occurrence of these ions in waters.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 47-54, June 2015
Characterization of dhaincha accessions based on morphological descriptors and biomass production
Authors: Sarwar AKM Golam , Islam A , Jahan S
Published: July 2016

Forty five accessions of dhaincha germplasms were collected from different parts of Bangladesh and characterized on the basis of morphological descriptors and biomass production ability. Thirty eight accessions were identified as Sesbania bispinosa, four as S. cannabina and two as unidentified Sesbania spp. One accession as S. rostrata was included for comparison. Both at seedling and maturity stages, wide and significant differences were observed among the accessions of different dhaincha germplasms for their biomass production capability and other morphological descriptors. At the seedling stage, total dry mass (TDM) production varied from 10.2 to 41.6g 30-plants1. At the maturity stage, plant height, total number of branches and base diameter of dhaincha germplasms varied from 347.5474.7cm, 10.423.7, and 1.94.9cm, respectively. The highest amount (4.10kg 10-plants1) of above-ground TDM was produced in one accession of unidentified Sesbania sp. followed by S. rostrata and one accession of S. cannabina (3.85kg 10-plants1), and the lowest TDM (0.9kg 10-plants1) was measured in two accessions of S. bispinosa. It may be concluded that the biomass production capability of at least two accessions of local Sesbania germplasms were higher/comparable to that of exotic S. rostrata. It will be too early to make a conclusive remark based on only a few dhaincha germplasms. A detailed study with a large number of germplasms collected from whole Bangladesh is obviously needed to reach in a precise conclusion.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 55-60, June 2015
Genetic divergence in tomato lines (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Ullah MZ , Hassan L , Singha T , Patwary AK
Published: July 2016

Twenty genotypes of tomato were assessed for their genetic divergence using Mahalanobis D2statistics. Based on D2 values of eleven yield related characters, genotypes were grouped in to five clusters. Maximum genotypes were grouped in cluster II (6) followed by cluster IV (5) the remaining 9 genotypes were distributed in three clusters, four in cluster III, three in cluster I and two genotypes in cluster V. Clustering pattern indicated that there was no association between geographical distribution of genotypes and genetic divergence. The mean intra and inter cluster distance (D) revealed that cluster I had highest intra cluster distance (0.979), while the inter cluster distance was maximum between cluster III and I (13.546) followed by III and V (11.218). The characters like plant height, fruit weight, fruits per plant contributed maximum to genetic divergence.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 61-64, June 2015
An investigation into the microbial infestation of poultry feeds
Authors: Rahman MM , Islam MS , Alam MZ , Ashrafuzzaman M
Published: July 2016

The Experiments were carried out during the period of July 2001 to December 2002. Infestation of poultry feeds by fungi and aflatoxins content in feeds were determined. Ten feed samples were collected from ten different farms located in three different areas of Bangladesh. Five different fungal species belonging four genera were detected which were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium spp, Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillium spp. Among them Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger were found in all the feed samples and the rest were occasionally found. Effect of storage and moisture content of feeds were studied for determining the influence on occurrence of fungal flora in feeds. Higher the storing period of feed along with higher moisture content resulted superior incidences of fungal population in stored feeds. Studied on storage practice with 4 duration of F1 sample revealed that the presence of aflatoxins were 30.52ppb, 33.36ppb, 37.32ppb and 48.35ppb of 5, 10, 15 and 20 days after production of feeds, respectively.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 79-86, June 2015
Impact analysis of beef cattle agribusiness on income: A double difference approach
Authors: Sarma PK , Raha SK , Jørgensen H , Mia MIA
Published: July 2016

This study examined the impact on income of small-scale beef cattle enterprise in Pabna and Sirajganj districts. Data were obtained from 180 cattle fattening participant farmers and 180 non participant farmers from two areas in January and December 2014. Data were collected through the use of structured survey schedules and analyzed by the use of descriptive statistical tools such as means and percentages and also paired t-statistics and chow test were used for the data analysis The Double-Difference (DD) estimator is used to estimate changes in income from before to after benefiting from beef cattle agribusiness between participant farmers and non-participant farmers. Result shows that the net farm income of beef cattle agribusiness entrepreneur increases from BDT 6791.17 before participant to BDT 10289.65 after participant of cattle fattening. There was also an increase in the net farm income of the non-participant farmers from BDT 6750.01to BDT 8437.51during beef cattle agribusiness study. On the average, the net farm income of participant farmers increased by 51.52% and non-participant increased by only 25.0%. The mean increased income was significantly different between participants and non-participant farmers of beef cattle fattening at 10% level of significance. Chow test analysis showed a significant change between the coefficients and intercept of the respondents income implying that beef cattle agribusiness contributed positively to the increased income realized by the farmers over that of non-farmers. Hence, it can be conducted that beef cattle agribusiness has positive impact on income of the farmers. The study recommends intensive support services from government and non government institutions to improve the performance of the beef cattle agribusiness.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 109-115, June 2015
A study on limnological aspects of Ramsagar lake in Dinajpur district
Authors: Ferdoushi Z , Chowdhury RH , Fatema K , Islam A
Published: July 2016

Limnological aspects of the Ramsagar lake, a manmade lake of Dinajpur district was studied from January 2013 to August 2013. In this experiment, five sampling points inside the Ramsagar lake were selected and water quality parameters were analyzed fortnightly. Among different physico-chemical parameters, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, total hardness, phosphate-phosphorus and concentration of Chlorophyll-a did not differ significantly except the water level and pH. A total of 29 species of plankton were recorded where phytoplankton comprised of 21 species and zooplankton comprised of 8 species. Chlorophyceae was found dominant throughout the study period followed by Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae. The highest plankton cell density was observed in the month of July and lowest plankton density was observed during the month of January. The study revealed that on the basis of physical, chemical, biological and environmental conditions the water of the lake was found to be suitable for survival of aquatic flora and fauna and also suitable for fish culture.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 145-152, June 2015
Thermoelectric Generators on Satellites—An Approach for Waste Heat Recovery in Space
Authors: Von Lukowicz Marian , Abbe Elisabeth , Schmiel Tino , Tajmar Martin
Published: July 2016

Environmental radiation in space (from the Sun, etc.) and operational thermal loads result in heat flows inside the structure of satellites. Today these heat flows remain unused and are collected, transported to a radiator and emitted to space to prevent the satellite from overheating, but they hold a huge potential to generate electrical power independently of solar panels. Thermoelectric generators are a promising approach for such applications because of their solid state characteristics. As they do not have any moving parts, they do not cause any vibrations in the satellite. They are said to be maintenance-free and highly reliable. Due to the expected small heat flows modern devices based on BiTe have to be considered, but these devices have no flight heritage. Furthermore, energy harvesting on space systems is a new approach for increasing the efficiency and reliability. In this paper, different systems studies and applications are discussed based some experimental characterisation of the electrical behaviour and their dependence on thermal cycles and vibration.
Tribofilms Forming in Oil-Lubricated Contacts
Authors: Scherge Matthias , Brink Angelika , Linsler Dominic
Published: July 2016

The subject of the present paper is the characterization of third bodies of run-in systems. By means of continuous friction and wear measurement, lubricated steel-steel and steel-aluminum contacts were evaluated. Microstructure, chemical composition and response of the materials to shear were analyzed by XPS/AES and focused ion beam technique. After a proper running-in, both systems developed a third body. The third body differs significantly from the base materials. In addition to adapted microstructure and near-surface chemistry, the third body exhibited a substructure characterized by a near-surface zone that accommodates shear and a second, deeper region that ensures strengthening.
COMPOSITION OF CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS
Authors: Zurbuchen T. H. , Weberg M. , von Steiger R. , Mewaldt R. A. , Lepri S. T. , Antiochos S. K.
Published: July 2016

We analyze the physical origin of plasmas that are ejected from the solar corona. To address this issue, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the elemental composition of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) using recently released elemental composition data for Fe, Mg, Si, S, C, N, Ne, and He as compared to O and H. We find that ICMEs exhibit a systematic abundance increase of elements with first ionization potential (FIP) < 10 eV, as well as a significant increase of Ne as compared to quasi-stationary solar wind. ICME plasmas have a stronger FIP effect than slow wind, which indicates either that an FIP process is active during the ICME ejection or that a different type of solar plasma is injected into ICMEs. The observed FIP fractionation is largest during times when the Fe ionic charge states are elevated above Q
Fe > 12.0. For ICMEs with elevated charge states, the FIP effect is enhanced by 70% over that of the slow wind. We argue that the compositionally hot parts of ICMEs are active region loops that do not normally have access to the heliosphere through the processes that give rise to solar wind. We also discuss the implications of this result for solar energetic particles accelerated during solar eruptions and for the origin of the slow wind itself.
OBSERVATIONS OF AN INTERPLANETARY INTERMEDIATE SHOCK ASSOCIATED WITH A MAGNETIC RECONNECTION EXHAUST
Authors: Feng H. Q. , Li Q. H. , Wang J. M. , Zhao G. Q.
Published: July 2016

Two intermediate shocks (ISs) in interplanetary space have been identified via one spacecraft observation. However, Feng et al. suggested that the analysis using a single spacecraft observation based only on the Rankine–Hugoniot (R-H) relations could misinterpret a tangential discontinuity (TD) as an IS. The misinterpretation can be fixed if two spacecraft observations are available. In this paper, we report an IS-like discontinuity associated with a magnetic reconnection exhaust, which was observed by Wind on 2000 August 9 at 1 au. We investigated this discontinuity by fitting the R-H relations and referring to the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) observations. As a result, we found that the observed magnetic field and plasma data satisfy the R-H relations well, and the discontinuity satisfies all the requirements of the

type IS. Although the discontinuity cannot be identified strictly by using two spacecraft observations, in light of the ACE observations we consider that the discontinuity should be an IS rather than a TD.
ON THE IMPORTANCE OF VERY LIGHT INTERNALLY SUBSONIC AGN JETS IN RADIO-MODE AGN FEEDBACK
Authors: Guo Fulai
Published: July 2016

Radio-mode active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback plays a key role in the evolution of galaxy groups and clusters. Its physical origin lies in the kiloparsec-scale interaction of AGN jets with the intracluster medium. Large-scale jet simulations often initiate light internally supersonic jets with density contrast 0.01 < η < 1. Here we argue for the first time for the importance of very light (η < 0.01) internally subsonic jets. We investigated the shapes of young X-ray cavities produced in a suite of hydrodynamic simulations, and found that bottom-wide cavities are always produced by internally subsonic jets, while internally supersonic jets inflate cylindrical, center-wide, or top-wide cavities. We found examples of real cavities with shapes analogous to those inflated in our simulations by internally subsonic and internally supersonic jets, suggesting a dichotomy of AGN jets according to their internal Mach numbers. We further studied the long-term cavity evolution, and found that old cavities resulted from light jets spread along the jet direction, while those produced by very light jets are significantly elongated along the perpendicular direction. The northwestern ghost cavity in Perseus is pancake shaped, providing tentative evidence for the existence of very light jets. Our simulations show that very light internally subsonic jets decelerate faster and rise much slower in the intracluster medium than light internally supersonic jets, possibly depositing a larger fraction of jet energy to cluster cores and alleviating the problem of low coupling efficiencies found previously. The internal Mach number points to the jet’s energy content, and internally subsonic jets are energetically dominated by non-kinetic energy, such as thermal energy, cosmic rays, or magnetic fields.
ON THE ROTATION OF SUNSPOTS AND THEIR MAGNETIC POLARITY
Authors: Zheng Jianchuan , Yang Zhiliang , Guo Kaiming , Wang Haimin , Wang Shuo
Published: July 2016

The rotation of sunspots of 2 yr in two different solar cycles is studied with the data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Michelson Doppler Imager instrument on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observataory. We choose the α sunspot groups and the relatively large and stable sunspots of complex active regions in our sample. In the year of 2003, the α sunspot groups and the preceding sunspots tend to rotate counterclockwise and have positive magnetic polarity in the northern hemisphere. In the southern hemisphere, the magnetic polarity and rotational tendency of the α sunspot groups and the preceding sunspots are opposite to the northern hemisphere. The average rotational speed of these sunspots in 2003 is about 0.°65 hr−1. From 2014 January to 2015 February, the α sunspot groups and the preceding sunspots tend to rotate clockwise and have negative magnetic polarity in the northern hemisphere. The patterns of rotation and magnetic polarity of the southern hemisphere are also opposite to those of the northern hemisphere. The average rotational speed of these sunspots in 2014/2015 is about 1.°49 hr−1. The rotation of the relatively large and stable preceding sunspots and that of the α sunspot groups located in the same hemisphere have opposite rotational direction in 2003 and 2014/2015.
WISE × SuperCOSMOS PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFT CATALOG: 20 MILLION GALAXIES OVER 3π STERADIANS
Authors: Bilicki Maciej , Peacock John A. , Jarrett Thomas H. , Cluver Michelle E. , Maddox Natasha , Brown Michael J. I. , Taylor Edward N. , Hambly Nigel C. , Solarz Aleksandra , Holwerda Benne W. , Baldry Ivan , Loveday Jon , Moffett Amanda , Hopkins Andrew M. , Driver Simon P. , Alpaslan Mehmet , Bland-Hawthorn Joss
Published: July 2016

We cross-match the two currently largest all-sky photometric catalogs—mid-infrared Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and SuperCOSMOS scans of UKST/POSS-II photographic plates—to obtain a new galaxy sample that covers 3π steradians. In order to characterize and purify the extragalactic data set, we use external GAMA and Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic information to define quasar and star loci in multicolor space, aiding the removal of contamination from our extended source catalog. After appropriate data cleaning, we obtain a deep wide-angle galaxy sample that is approximately 95% pure and 90% complete at high Galactic latitudes. The catalog contains close to 20 million galaxies over almost 70% of the sky, outside the Zone of Avoidance and other confused regions, with a mean surface density of more than 650 sources per square degree. Using multiwavelength information from two optical and two mid-IR photometric bands, we derive photometric redshifts for all the galaxies in the catalog, using the ANNz framework trained on the final GAMA-II spectroscopic data. Our sample has a median redshift of

, with a broad

reaching up to z > 0.4. The photometric redshifts have a mean bias of

, a normalized scatter of σ

z
= 0.033, and less than 3% outliers beyond 3σ

z
. Comparison with external data sets shows no significant variation of photo-z quality with sky position. Together with the overall statistics, we also provide a more detailed analysis of photometric redshift accuracy as a function of magnitudes and colors. The final catalog is appropriate for “all-sky” three-dimensional (3D) cosmology to unprecedented depths, in particular through cross-correlations with other large-area surveys. It should also be useful for source preselection and identification in forthcoming surveys, such as TAIPAN or WALLABY.
Des recherches en éducation, formation, didactique : de quel-s genre-s ?
Authors: Couchot-Schiex Sigolène
Published: July 2016

S'inscrivant dans une perspective historique autant qu'épistémologique, l'article propose une tentative de synthèse des travaux sur le genre en s'efforçant de montrer comment certaines problématiques, issues de cette conceptualisation d'origine étrangère, ont progressivement été intégrées dans le champ scientifique français et se sont articulées avec d'autres champs de recherche préexistants, eux-mêmes hérités d'une structuration scientifique nationale antérieure et de ses marqueurs théoriques. La synthèse montre comment ces études se déploient dans un espace social large avant de concerner l'espace scolaire à proprement parler ; elle évoque également l'impact de cette théorisation dans la conception et l'analyse de l'acte d'enseignement, et plus particulièrement pour ce qui concerne la transmission des savoirs.
Être détenu à la prison centrale de Yaoundé (Cameroun) : une géographie du corps incarcéré
Authors: Morelle Marie
Published: July 2016

Les études théoriques et empiriques sur les « institutions totales » n'ont jamais fait l'économie d'une analyse du corps et de son rôle dans les processus de discipline comme de résistance. S'inscrivant dans la lignée de ces travaux, je propose de partir du corps des détenus pour cerner l'expérience carcérale de détenus de la prison centrale de Yaoundé. Si le corps est intégré au dispositif carcéral, les pratiques corporelles des prisonniers révèlent aussi diverses tactiques et manières de faire pour limiter l'emprise de l'institution. Penser le corps des détenus revient à saisir les rapports de pouvoir qui se jouent en situation carcérale.
Le revenu contributif et le revenu universel
Authors: Stiegler Bernard , Kyrou Ariel
Published: July 2016

Pour Bernard Stiegler, le revenu universel d’existence est une condition de démarrage d’un processus de transformation bien plus vaste de notre économie à moyen et long terme. Mais ce revenu de base n’est pas suffisant en tant que tel, et peut même s’avérer dangereux si sa mise en place ne sert que de prétexte à l’ uberisation intégrale de la société. Sortir d’une économie entropique, destructrice de l’environnement et de nos singularités, pour construire peu à peu une économie qu’il qualifie à l’inverse de «  néguentropique  », suppose non seulement un revenu d’existence, mais surtout un revenu contributif et l’extension progressive à toute la population de la possibilité d’accéder au régime des intermittents du spectacle.
Balzac, l’épique et l’encyclopédique
Authors: Conrad Thomas
Published: July 2016

En tant qu’ensemble romanesque, La Comédie humaine , dans son ambition de totalisation, se trouve à l’intersection de plusieurs modèles, notamment un modèle qu’on peut qualifier d’encyclopédique, de nature discursive, et un modèle épique, de nature narrative. Après avoir souligné les attendus de ces deux modèles quant à l’organisation d’ensemble du projet balzacien, on s’intéresse à leur interférence dans l’écriture des romans. Le procédé balzacien de la liste de personnages reparaissants s’avère ainsi susceptible de deux lectures complémentaires et divergentes. Le retour des personnages est irréductible à la récurrence du type, et prend une dimension épique. L’entreprise balzacienne de totalisation romanesque se tient au carrefour de deux ambitions : coordonner des discours, unifier un monde.
Octave Crémazie. « L’héroïque poème » des Canadiens
Authors: Combe Dominique
Published: July 2016

Même si Garneau, Aubert de Gaspé père et fils, Crémazie ou Fréchette sont loin de pouvoir rivaliser avec Thoreau, Emerson, Melville ou Whitman, la littérature canadienne française s’ouvre, comme aux États-Unis au xix e  siècle, sur un projet « national » d’inspiration épique. Octave Crémazie (1827-1879), qui incarne la figure romantique du poète national, y contribue par des poèmes patriotiques. Mais, loin de l’optimisme des premiers écrivains des États-Unis, Crémazie, lui-même marqué par son exil en France, reste hanté par les spectres de la perte de la Nouvelle-France. Les deux épisodes décisifs de l’histoire de « l’Amérique française » – Fort-Carillon, les Plaines d’Abraham – forment ainsi un diptyque de la désillusion, de la victoire à la défaite. L’épopée, qui célèbre la gloire mélancolique des vaincus, est placée sous le signe de l’échec, de la perte et du deuil. Crémazie en vient à désespérer d’une littérature « canadienne » qu’il appelait pourtant de tous ses vœux.
Évaluation et intervention en matière de climat psychologique de travail chez le personnel infirmier : une revue de la littérature
Authors: Maillet Stéphanie , Courcy François , Leblanc Jeannette
Published: July 2016

Cette revue de littérature a pour thème central l’influence du climat psychologique de travail et de la satisfaction au travail sur l’intention de quitter chez les infirmières. Plus spécifiquement, il s’agit d’abord d’exposer l’influence des dimensions du climat psychologique de travail, soit les perceptions liées à la nature de l’emploi, au rôle professionnel, à la qualité du leadership , à la qualité de l’équipe de travail ainsi qu’à l’organisation dans son ensemble, sur l’intention de quitter l’organisation ainsi que la profession chez les infirmières. Ensuite, il s’agit de mettre en évidence le rôle médiateur potentiel de la satisfaction au travail dans l’explication du mécanisme par lequel un individu passe d’une perception défavorable des dimensions du climat psychologique de travail aux intentions de quitter. Ce travail se termine sur une recension des pratiques d’évaluation et d’intervention qui pourraient favoriser le succès des démarches d’amélioration du climat psychologique et de la satisfaction au travail auprès des infirmières.
Impact of Discovery Layers on Accessing E-Resources in Academic Libraries
Authors: Yuvaraj Mayank
Published: July 2016

The paper discusses the implementation of the ‘CUB E-journal One Search' tool as an alternative solution to commercial discovery services, which was designed using Google Custom Search by the Central Library, Central University of Bihar and its impact on the library users. A descriptive survey method was used for the study. The present study found that library users found CUB E-journal One Search as a useful tool to get their desired information out of 9000 subscribed e-resources in the university. Most of the users used CUB E-journal One Search frequently in order to find relevant articles, write their assignments and research articles. The study indicated that the library users were influenced by Google like single search boxes and wished to have same features. Further, users expected features like document recommendation, search filters, RSS and on-screen help from the discovery tool. The paper is a first attempt to study the impact of open source discovery tools on the library users. It will further give confidence to the librarians in developing countries to deploy open source search solutions using Google Custom Search in the libraries.
Introducing the Teaching and Learning Benefits of the WWW in Aboriginal Schools
Authors: Rochecouste Judith , Oliver Rhonda
Published: July 2016

In this chapter, projects undertaken at two independent Aboriginal boarding schools in remote Western Australia are described. Both projects have sought to provide instructional advice for teachers and to enhance students' literacy levels through access to the internet. A dedicated website was developed for each school to respond specifically to the students' language and literacy needs. Several positive outcomes resulted from the projects. At the first school, code-switching was accepted throughout the school and even formed part of classroom instruction. At the second school, staff in general showed great interest in supporting their students' use of the online resource. Students who accessed the website were excited by the prospect of having their photos and videos uploaded and even suggested improvements to the site. Despite the above successes, the introduction of the websites at each school did not occur without problems which are described in this chapter.
iPad Usage and Appropriate Applications
Authors: Bennett Julia , Lin Fan-Yu
Published: July 2016

Mobile learning, learning delivered or accompanied by any handheld or individual device that contributes to increasing knowledge or skills, has continuously become popular in educational systems in the 21st century. Apple's iPad has been a popular mobile device that has been chosen for us in 1-to-1 learning environments. Research suggests that utilizing iPads in educational settings is beneficial due to its affordance, portability, ubiquitous access to information, ability to communicate with other iPad users, and the opportunity it offers to showcase creativity and individuality through various applications. Studies have found value in providing students with their own iPads. This chapter overviews both the benefits and concerns of iPad usage in K-12 classrooms. Furthermore, specific web and iPad applications are discussed. When educators take appropriate steps to create a controlled learning environment, concerns and limitations regarding mobile learning with an iPad can be diminished.
Die retoriese funksie van die wisselwerking tussen ’n profeet en sy gehoor in die boek Esegiël
Authors: Van Rooy H.F.
Published: July 2016

In the book of the prophet Ezekiel, indications are found of the interaction between the prophet and his audience. Prophecy always had the aim to convince its audience of something and are therefore always of a rhetorical nature. It happens frequently that the rhetorical aim and situation of a prophetic book receives attention. This article attempts to reconstruct the possible original rhetorical situation of those instances where the prophet uses quotations and react on them. Before discussing the different cases, three theoretical issues receive attention, namely the rhetorical approach used in this article, the use of quotations in the Bible and so-called disputations. In the book, quotations occur in two contexts, namely before and after the fall of Jerusalem. The refutation of the quotations aims to address the despondency of the exiles and exhorting them with the message that God will bring deliverance in the future.Keywords: Ezekiel, rhetoric, quotations
Patient-Reported Outcomes in Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Review of Industry-Sponsored Clinical Trials
Authors: Krohe Meaghan , Hao Yanni , Lamoureux Roger E. , Galipeau Nina , Globe Denise , Foley Catherine , Mazar Iyar , Solomon Jeffrey , Shields Alan L.
Published: July 2016

Introduction

Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures serve to capture vital patient information not otherwise obtained by primary study endpoints. This paper examines how PROs are utilized as endpoints in industry-sponsored metastatic breast cancer clinical trials.

Methods

A search was conducted in the clinicaltrials.gov web site for trials involving common treatments for metastatic breast cancer. Thirty-eight clinical trials were identified which included a PRO endpoint in the study, and data were extracted and summarized.

Results

Overall, 17 unique PRO questionnaires and 14 concepts of measurement were identified as secondary or exploratory endpoints. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Breast was the most frequently utilized questionnaire, commonly implemented to assess quality of life. The EORTC QLQ-C30 was also frequently used to measure quality of life or pain.

Conclusion

This review shares insights into the role of PROs in trials for metastatic breast cancer from which treatment developers and other stakeholders can enhance successful implementation of the patient voice into future trials.
Role of Escherichia coli in Biofuel Production
Authors: Koppolu Veerendra , Vasigala Veneela KR
Published: July 2016

Increased energy consumption coupled with depleting petroleum reserves and increased greenhouse gas emissions have renewed our interest in generating fuels from renewable energy sources via microbial fermentation. Central to this problem is the choice of microorganism that catalyzes the production of fuels at high volumetric productivity and yield from cheap and abundantly available renewable energy sources. Microorganisms that are metabolically engineered to redirect renewable carbon sources into desired fuel products are contemplated as best choices to obtain high volumetric productivity and yield. Considering the availability of vast knowledge in genomic and metabolic fronts, Escherichia coli is regarded as a primary choice for the production of biofuels. Here, we reviewed the microbial production of liquid biofuels that have the potential to be used either alone or in combination with the present-day fuels. We specifically highlighted the metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches used to improve the production of biofuels from E. coli over the past few years. We also discussed the challenges that still exist for the biofuel production from E. coli and their possible solutions.
Oral Hygiene and Dietary Habits in Adolescents With Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A cross-sectional Study
Authors: Willershausen Brita , Azaripour Adriano , Willershausen Ines , Hassan Muhamed , Ebenezer Supriya
Published: July 2016

Objectives

Fixed orthodontic appliances (FOAs) may cause a temporary deterioration of oral hygiene with corresponding gingival inflammatory changes. Optimal oral hygiene and dietary changes are essential in order to avoid periodontal inflammation. The present study investigates to what extent the recommendations made by the orthodontist are followed by young patients.

Materials and methods

A total of 67 adolescent patients with FOA were examined and interviewed. The control group consisted of 70 patients of the same age who had not undergone any orthodontic treatment. A specific questionnaire (assessing dietary habits, oral hygiene measures) was used and comprehensive oral findings along with oral hygiene status were evaluated.

Results

The analysis of the data showed that despite intensive oral hygiene and dietary advice in the patients with FOA, there was no change in diet or oral hygiene habits. There were significantly higher signs of gingival inflammation and amount of dental plaque in FOA patients. Nutritional recommendations and oral hygiene measures for young people with FOA were not adequately enforced.

Conclusion

The findings indicate that frequent recalls should be scheduled with repeated reinforcement of oral hygiene and dietary modifications in FOA patients.

How to cite this article

Azaripour A, Willershausen I, Hassan M, Ebenezer S, Willershausen B. Oral hygiene and dietary Habits in Adolescents with fixed orthodontic Appliances: A crosssectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(3):179-183.
Annual and semiannual cycles of midlatitude surface temperature and baroclinicity: reanalysis data and AOGCMs simulations
Authors: Lembo Valerio , Bordi Isabella , Speranza Antonio
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Seasonal variability of surface air temperature and baroclinicity from the ECMWF ERA-Interim (ERAI) reanalysis and six coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 and 5 (CMIP3 and CMIP5) are examined. In particular, the annual and semiannual cycles of hemispherically averaged fields are studied using spectral analysis. The aim is to assess the ability of coupled general circulation models to properly reproduce the observed amplitude and phase of these cycles, and investigate the relationship between surface temperature and baroclinicity (coherency and relative phase) in such frequency bands. The overall results of power spectra agree in displaying a statistically significant peak at the annual frequency in the zonally averaged fields of both hemispheres. The semiannual peak, instead, shows less power and in the NH seems to have a more regional character, as is observed in the North Pacific Ocean region. Results of bivariate analysis for such a region and Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes show some discrepancies between ERAI and model data, as well as among models, especially for the semiannual frequency. Specifically: (i) the coherency at the annual and semiannual frequency observed in the reanalysis data is well represented by models in both hemispheres; (ii) at the annual frequency, estimates of the relative phase between surface temperature and baroclinicity are bounded between about ±15° around an average value of 220° (i.e., approximately 1 month phase shift), while at the semiannual frequency model phases show a wider dispersion in both hemispheres with larger errors in the estimates, denoting increased uncertainty and some disagreement among models. The most recent CMIP climate models (CMIP5) show several improvements when compared with CMIP3 but a degree of discrepancy still persists though masked by the large errors characterizing the semiannual frequency. These findings contribute to better characterize the cyclic response of current global atmosphere-ocean models to the external (solar) forcing that is of interest for seasonal forecasts.
SEED TREATMENT OF FLAXSEED WITH MICRONUTRIENTS
Authors: OHSE Silvana , LOURENÇO Rejane Pereira , REZENDE Bráulio Luciano Alves , ANTUNES Ricardo
Published: July 2016

A cultura do linho apresenta grande importância econômica, social e agrícola, devido ao seu potencial de produção de óleo e fibras para indústria têxtil, além dos usos na indústria farmacêutica e na nutrição humana e animal. No Brasil, a cultura do linho apresenta baixa produtividade, sendo pouco cultivada. A região dos Campos Gerais apresenta adaptação climática para a cultura, porém seus solos são pobres em micronutrientes por serem, em grande parte derivados de arenito. Por essa razão, desenvolveu-se um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do tratamento de sementes com micronutrientes sobre a germinação e o vigor de sementes de linhaça dourada. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de sementes do Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa/PR. O experimento constou de 11 tratamentos: testemunha, zinco, boro, cobre e as combinações Zn+B, Zn+Cu, B+Cu e Zn+B+Cu, Biopower, Always e Booster, desenvolvido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 4 repetições. O tratamento de sementes com zinco, boro, cobre e suas combinações, além dos produtos comerciais Always e Booster contendo mistura de micronutrientes não prejudicaram a germinação de sementes de linho. O produto comercial Biopower aumentou a germinação de sementes de linho. Os tratamentos de sementes com zinco, boro, cobre e suas combinações, além dos produtos comerciais Biopower, Always e Booster reduziram o vigor de sementes de linhaça.
THE USE OF HERBAL MEDICINE AS COMPLEMENTARY THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF SOME SCHIZOPHRENIA`S SYMPTOMS
Authors: TONIN Fernanda Stumpf , BRASIL Fábio , SZABO Ellis Marina , PONTAROLO Roberto
Published: July 2016

A esquizofrenia é a mais comum e prevalente psicose, tendo um curso crônico e deteriorativo capaz de impactar na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, familiares e cuidadores. Essa doença afeta as esferas social e ocupacional gerando custos pessoais e financeiros para o paciente e para o sistema de saúde do país. Em termos de tratamento, já existem no mercado diversos fármacos e intervenções disponíveis, sendo usados principalmente antipsicóticos em associação com outras classes de medicamentos (estabilizadores de humor, antidepressivos, benzodiazepínicos). No entanto, além de apresentarem um custo elevado, essas intervenções podem causar diversos sintomas e eventos adversos, o que influencia a adesão e sucesso no tratamento. Nesse contexto, destaca-se o uso de abordagens complementares como as plantas medicinais e a fitoterapia, que tem se mostrado, nas últimas décadas, como uma alternativa viável para auxiliar no tratamento dessa doença. As plantas medicinais são popularmente utilizadas e com isso podem representar um suporte efetivo à terapia medicamentosa de desordens mentais. Este artigo tem como objetivo revisar o uso complementar, bem como a efetividade e segurança de algumas plantas medicinais para o tratamento de sintomas da esquizofrenia. Aparentemente a combinação de plantas medicinais associada à terapia medicamentosa é uma estratégia útil para melhorar a eficácia dos antipsicóticos ou reduzir eventos adversos e custos no tratamento. Foi reportado o uso benéfico de diferentes plantas para o tratamento de sintomas da esquizofrenia incluindo: Erva de São João (Hypericum perforatum) para o tratamento de desordens afetivas e depressão; Valeriana (Valeriana officinalis) para ansiedade e epilepsia; Ginkgo biloba em casos de demência e déficit de memória; Ginseng (Panax ginseng) para pacientes esquizofrênicos com disfunções cognitivas.
MORPHO-ANATOMICAL DIAGNOSIS OF CANAFÍSTULA: Peltophorum dubium (SPRENG.) TAUB. (FABACEAE)
Authors: DUARTE Marcia Do Rocio , KRENTKOWSKI F. L.
Published: July 2016

A espécie Peltophorum dubium, nativa da América do Sul, está circunscrita em Caesalpinioideae/Fabaceae. Conhecida como canafístula, é empregada na terapêutica popular brasileira como anti-inflamatório e anti-infeccioso. Este estudo investigou a morfoanatomia foliar e caulinar para contribuir na caracterização dessa planta medicinal. Diferentes partes de folhas adultas (pecíolo, raque, folíolo, peciólulo e foliólulo), como também fragmentos de caules jovens foram fixados, seccionados e corados para análise em microscopia de luz. Testes microquímicos e microscopia eletrônica de varredura também foram realizados. As folhas são paribipinadas e os foliólulos mostram tricomas tectores pluricelulares, epiderme unisseriada recoberta por cutícula lisa e plaquetas de cera epicuticular, estômatos anomocíticos em ambas as superfícies foliares, mesofilo dorsiventral e um único feixe vascular colateral em arco aberto na nervura central. O feixe vascular é em arco fechado no peciólulo e em arranjo circular na raque e no pecíolo. O caule revela estrutura secundária incipiente com epiderme persistente. Há uma bainha esclerenquimática conspícua circundando o cilindro floemático que é externo ao xilemático. Ocorrem compostos fenólicos, mucilagem e cristais prismáticos de oxalato de cálcio.