bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The cosmic DANCe of Perseus
Authors: Olivares J. , Bouy H. , Miret-Roig N. , Galli P. A. B. , Sarro L. M. , Moraux E. , Berihuete A.
Published: January 2023

Context. Star-forming regions are excellent benchmarks for testing and validating theories of star formation and stellar evolution. The Perseus star-forming region, being one of the youngest (< 10 Myr), closest (280−320 pc), and most studied in the literature, is a fundamental benchmark.

Aims. We aim to study the membership, phase-space structure, mass, and energy (kinetic plus potential) distribution of the Perseus star-forming region using public catalogues (Gaia, APOGEE, 2MASS, and Pan-STARRS).

Methods. We used Bayesian methodologies that account for extinction to identify the Perseus physical groups in the phase-space, retrieve their candidate members, derive their properties (age, mass, 3D positions, 3D velocities, and energy), and attempt to reconstruct their origin.

Results. We identify 1052 candidate members in seven physical groups (one of them new) with ages between 3 and 10 Myr, dynamical super-virial states, and large fractions of energetically unbounded stars. Their mass distributions are broadly compatible with that of Chabrier for masses ≳0.1 M⊙ and do not show hints of over-abundance of low-mass stars in NGC 1333 with respect to IC 348. These groups’ ages, spatial structure, and kinematics are compatible with at least three generations of stars. Future work is still needed to clarify if the formation of the youngest was triggered by the oldest.

Conclusions. The exquisite Gaia data complemented with public archives and mined with comprehensive Bayesian methodologies allow us to identify 31% more members than previous studies, discover a new physical group (Gorgophone: 7 Myr, 191 members, and 145 M⊙), and confirm that the spatial, kinematic, and energy distributions of these groups support the hierarchical star formation scenario.
Dynamic Empirical analysis of urban total factor productivity in Hubei Province: Based on DEA-Malmquist index method
Authors: Xu Hefan , Wang Tao
Published: January 2023

High-quality development stage pays more attention to the improvement of supply-side efficiency. TFP can effectively reflect the efficiency of resource allocation and is related to the sustainable and healthy development of economy. Based on the DEA-Malmquist index method, the data of 12 representative cities in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2019 are selected for dynamic empirical analysis of TFP. It is finded that the overall increase trend of TFP in Hubei Province during the selected period is not obvious, mainly due to the impact of technological regression. Technical efficiency has been improved, but it is not enough to make up for the "drag effect" of technological regression. Further analysis of the decomposition terms of technical efficiency shows that the improvement of scale efficiency is greater than that of pure technical efficiency. From the urban distribution characteristics of TFP improvement, the decline of TFP in most cities is the cause of the decline of TFP, and the vast majority of cities show different degrees of technological regression. The results of the empirical analysis attempt to provide policy enlightenment for the recovery of economy and regional coordinated high-quality development after the epidemic in Hubei Province .
Analysis of How to Improve Internal Staff Cohesion from the Perspective of Knowledge Management and Cultural Management——Taking ByteDance as an Example
Authors: Jiang Yuting
Published: January 2023

Knowledge management and cultural management, as two modules in enterprise management, do not have any relationship or connection between gain and cohesion. By taking ByteDance as an example, this study discusses the positive impact of good knowledge management and cultural management system on the cohesion of employees and the development of the company from the perspectives of internal and external atmosphere achievements. The research concludes that a good knowledge management and cultural management system has a positive impact on the cohesion of employees, and has a positive effect on the development of the enterprise.
Innovations, Difficulties, and Development of Future Community Governance——Theories Regarding The Community of the Future Proposed by The Drucker Foundation
Authors: Gan Hong
Published: January 2023

In 1998, "The Community of the Future" was published by the Drucker Foundation, which was composed of Peter Drucker and 39 other world-class masters. This book collected a total of 28 articles regarding the concept of "future community." In the book, the Drucker Foundation conveys the idea of what the community of the future should be by constantly exploring the new rules of urban civilization. The book indicates that the community of the future is an ideal place for everyone. We struggle to get infinitely closer to the community of the future, and everything we do is about building the community of the future. The prophetic concepts in the book point out the direction for our community governance and guide us to keep working and innovating with a view to creating an ideal future community.
Study of adaptation services for newly admitted elderly in elderly care facilities
Authors: Jiao Luying , Zhou Yuping
Published: January 2023

In response to the deepening aging problem, China has adopted a series of laws and regulations to promote the aging industry. "Medium- and Long-term Plan for Actively Responding to Population Aging" and "Opinions on Strengthening the Work on Aging in the New Era" were successively issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. The report noted that a number of departments have improved the support system for old-age services and have continuously enhanced supply capacity. A growing number of elderly people are choosing institutional care over other forms of care, and it is the old-age service industry that is most favored by them. Moving to an unfamiliar environment such as a nursing home can cause the elderly to feel anxious, lonely, helpless, and afraid. Elderly people are often affected by this in terms of their physical and mental health. In order to improve the quality of life of newly-admitted elderly, it is crucial to shorten their adaptation process.
An Empirical Study of the Impact of Consumption on Economic Growth under Negative Population Growth--Based on Panel Data of Countries with Negative Population Growth
Authors: Wang Peilin
Published: January 2023

This paper uses the United Nations World Population Prospects 2022 data to screen out countries with endogenous negative population growth, i.e., aging population and fewer children, and then selects Italy, Japan, and Hungary as typical countries with negative population growth for analysis, combined with the availability of household consumption propensity data. Based on gray correlation analysis, this paper analyzes the relationship between consumption structure and economic growth in typical countries with negative population growth after entering the negative population growth time domain. The analysis results show that food consumption and health care have a greater pull on economic growth, and the correlation between housing consumption and economic growth, although weaker than the first two, still cannot be ignored. Combined with international experience, it can shed light on China, which is about to enter into negative population growth.
The Difference between Hong Kong Insurance and Mainland China Insurance
Authors: Tang Ye
Published: January 2023

As the incidence of cancer is relatively higher than the incidence of accidents, many people have lost their lives because they were unable to recover. Insurance is a great way to protect your life. It can avoid the risks. This paper mainly analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of Hong Kong insurance and mainland insurance. Through this analysis, the paper makes the following recommendations. Insurance enterprises must rectify the weak links as soon as possible, according to the environment and market development characteristics timely update the competitive strategy and marketing concept, according to the enterprise characteristics and advantages using appropriate marketing strategy, innovation insurance products, mining potential customers, broaden the customer breadth and depth, improve the relevant laws and regulations, form characteristic management mode, improve local insurance enterprise market competitiveness, to promote the sustainable development of mainland insurance enterprises, greatly reflects the insurance economic compensation, risk, social management, make a significant contribution to the harmonious progress of economic construction, people’s life and society.
Analysis of Financial Fraud Supervision of Listed Companies Based on Game Theory--Take Luckin Coffee as an Example
Authors: Ma Jian
Published: January 2023

In the development of the capital market, financial fraud of listed companies often occurs, which leads to the untrue disclosure of information. It seriously affects the stability and fairness of the market. The financial fraud involving listed companies and regulators is also a typical game problem, and the ultimate goal of game analysis is to make all parties reach an ideal equilibrium state. Therefore, this paper conducts an in-depth case study on the social issue of Luckin Coffee’s financial fraud and builds a specific regulatory game model. The conclusion is that the probability of choosing financial fraud by listed companies is affected by four factors: the cost of supervision, the probability of being accused, the fine and the reputation loss to the regulator. Reducing supervision costs and increasing fines can effectively prevent the occurrence of financial fraud. So this paper also puts forward some suggestions, in order to promote the healthy development of Chinese financial market.
Research on Enterprise Financial risk Prediction Method Based on Regression Analysis
Authors: Zhang Shirui
Published: January 2023

The prediction and control of enterprise financial risk is an important research topic in the financial field. Over the years, the financial risks of enterprises have seriously affected the healthy development of enterprises, credit institutions, securities investors and even the whole country. However, from the current practice and theoretical research of enterprises, how to effectively evaluate and control the financial risk of Chinese enterprises is still very scarce. Therefore, this paper conducts detailed analysis on the prediction and control of financial risk based on regression analysis to better identify the financial risks of enterprises.
Research on the Marketing Strategy of Banking and Finance Business Given Big Data Technology
Authors: Fan Bohan
Published: January 2023

Individuals’ consumption patterns and financial demands are changing significantly as a result of the quick advancement of modern information technology and the integration of financial technology into everyday life, which has negative effects on and presents challenges for banks’ traditional retail operations. The competition among Chinese commercial banks in the retail sector is getting more and more intense due to the country’s rapid economic expansion and increase in household wealth. In order to improve its core competitiveness, maximise its retail business marketing strategy, and investigate a transformation path that is consistent with its own retail business marketing, Bank F must actively use financial technology innovation. In addition to the epidemic impacting the global economic recovery, the domestic economy is currently going through a transition and expedited structural adjustment, which raises credit risk and increases competitive pressure. A drop in the intermediate business income of the banking industry and a consistent decline in nett profit growth are the results of the financial market reform and the quick expansion of Internet finance, which have caused substantial changes in the market environment. Due to the fact that rural commercial banks have changed their course to aggressively promote inclusive finance and develop retail lending, how to optimise and innovate the marketing strategy of the retail lending business based on the Internet and the use of big data has emerged as a crucial concern for rural commercial banks.
The Impact of Equity Incentives on Enterprise Business Performance
Authors: Wang Shuo
Published: January 2023

In the framework of modern enterprise system, the “principal-agent” relationship between the shareholders and the proprietor is clear in terms of property rights and responsibilities, but there is also a factor that the proprietor is driven by short-term personal interests against the long-term interests of the enterprise. As a kind of innovation in corporate governance, the equity incentives enable the proprietors to hold a certain amount of equity in the enterprise, so that proprietors can directly obtain the growth return of the enterprise while exercising the management right of the enterprise, and then consider the long-term development of the enterprise from the perspective of enterprise development.
Research on the Impact of Institutional Investors’ Shareholding on Corporate Tax Avoidance—An Empirical Analysis Based on STATA
Authors: Duan Qianhong
Published: January 2023

The relevant data of A-shares of listed companies from 2011 to 2020 were selected to study the relationship between institutional investors’ shareholding, financing constraints and corporate tax avoidance. The empirical results show that institutional investors’ shareholding has a significant negative effect on corporate tax avoidance, and financing constraints play a regulating role in it, which can alleviate the negative relationship between them. The study adds factors of financing constraints, enriches the relevant literature on the relationship between institutional investors’ shareholding and corporate tax avoidance, and is of great significance for the smooth operation of China’s capital market and the development of enterprises.
Does Heterogeneous CSR Affect Corporate Performance?
Authors: Wu Zheng
Published: January 2023

The market rivalry and China’s ongoing economic expansion are both contributing to a gradual rise in shareholder influence over businesses. Fulfilling corporate social responsibility (CSR) is becoming more and more important to improve corporate performance, gain long-term competitive advantage and achieve sustainable development. Based on panel data of 514 listed Chinese A-share companies from 2015-2019, this study applies a two-way fixed effect model to examine the effect of CSR on corporate performance from stakeholders’ perspectives. And it also examines the mediating effect played by green technological innovation and the moderating effect of two basic corporate competitive strategies on the role of CSR in corporate performance. The study’s findings indicate that: (1) the fulfillment of CSR has a significant positive impact on corporate performance. (2) Green technology innovation plays a part in mediating the process of fulfilling CSR in promoting corporate performance. Internal CSR fulfillment enhances corporate performance by boosting investment in green technology innovation, but external CSR fulfillment enhances corporate performance by decreasing investment in green technology innovation. (3) The positive effect of CSR on corporate performance is weakened by an increase in the level of low-cost strategies, while the positive relationship between CSR and corporate performance is strengthened by an increase in the level of differentiation strategies.
Research on the reasons for the disunity of knowing and doing in low-carbon consumption — based on the grounded theory
Authors: Zhong Yuhan , Fu Xiaomei , Huang Tianle , Chen Chen
Published: January 2023

Under the background of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality", the carbon emissions produced by the public’s daily consumption cannot be ignored. However, the data show that there is a disunity of knowing and doing in low-carbon consumption. How to get out of the dilemma, and how to guide the public to the low-carbon consumption mode has become an urgent issue to be solved. This study uses the research method of in-depth interview and the grounded theory to build a research model suitable for the analysis of low-carbon consumption behavior, and explains the disunity of knowing and doing. The results show that low-carbon knowledge, personal benefits, moral image and social norms have significant effects on low-carbon consumption behavior, and the mechanisms and paths of their effects are different. On this basis, this study explores and integrates the "knowledge-cognition-behavior" model to analyse low-carbon consumption behaviors, which can provide targeted policy ideas and implementation paths for relevant institutions.
A Multi-stage Scheme Decision Model for Complex Products Based on Prospect Theory and Earned Value Method
Authors: Peng You , Wang Xiaoxin , Wu Yuheng
Published: January 2023

The development process of complex products is highly uncertain and risky, cause the balance among progress, cost and technology needs to be comprehensively considered. Therefore, how to make decisions on key development plans becomes a problem that needs to be studied and solved. The existing multistage decision model needs to determine the complete stage division, quantity and attribute value of all alternatives in each stage of the development process at the beginning of the decision. However, actually, given the characteristics of long cycle of complex products, high technical risks, and many uncertainties, it is difficult to give the above information in advance in practical work. Therefore, in view of the above shortcomings, this paper proposes a multi-stage scheme decision-making method based on prospect theory and earned value method. First, based on the current progress and cost performance of the project, the dynamic reference point is set by analyzing the deviation between the actual implementation and the plan; Then, the dynamic prospect values of the schedule, cost and technical indicators of each alternative are calculated, and the optimal attribute weights and the comprehensive prospect values of each alternative are obtained by constructing a linear programming model; Finally, the advantages and innovation of the proposed model are further demonstrated through specific application examples.
Exploring the Development of Digital RMB in Cross-Border Payment Under the Background of "The Belt and Road" Initiative
Authors: Jiang Meng
Published: January 2023

Since the central bank digital currency started to appear in the international market, China has also started to research on the central bank digital RMB. Nowadays, the digital RMB has been piloted in several regions in China and has gradually started to develop into an international cross-border payment. This paper mainly studies the feasibility analysis of the application of digital RMB in cross-border payment between China and countries and regions along the Belt and Road under the policy of the Belt and Road Initiative. Based on literature research and analogical reasoning, the paper investigates the advantages and development direction of digital currency development and makes suggestions for the future development of cross-border payment.
Analysis of Tidal Current Energy Technology and Industry in China
Authors: Ma Changlei , Zhang Cailin , Gao Yanbo , Li Xin
Published: January 2023

The tidal resource is abundant and the research, development and demonstration of tidal current energy technology have made great progress in China. The accumulated installed capacity of tidal turbines is more than 3MW, which is leading internationlly. The carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality strategy put forward in China requires the transition of energy structure, brings an important opportunity for the development of tidal current energy. The representative tidal current energy technologies are analyzed according to the research focus based on CNKI database. And the patents on tidal current energy technologies are also analyzed. Then, the current and forcast of the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for tidal current energy in China are given. Finally, the pathway and incentive policies needed are suggested.
A Review Research on the correlations among Carbon Emissions, Industrial Structure, and Economic Growth
Authors: He Junyi
Published: January 2023

The current situation of industrial structure and economic growth in China is analyzed first, and then collects, sorts, classifies and summarizes relevant studies on the correlations among economic growth, industrial structure, and carbon emissions, and reviews and summarizes the research methods.
Artificial Intelligence in Reproductive Medicine – An Ethical Perspective
Authors: Rolfes Vasilija , Bittner Uta , Gerhards Helene , Krüssel Jan-Steffen , Fehm Tanja , Ranisch Robert , Fangerau Heiner
Published: January 2023

Artificial intelligence is steadily being integrated into all areas of medicine. In reproductive medicine, artificial intelligence methods can be utilized to improve the selection and
prediction of sperm cells, oocytes, and embryos and to generate better predictive models for in vitro fertilization. The use of artificial intelligence in this field is justified by the
suffering of persons or couples who wish to have children but are unable to conceive. However, research into the use of artificial intelligence in reproductive medicine is still in the early
experimental stage and furthermore raises complex normative questions. There are ethical research challenges because evidence of the efficacy of certain pertinent systems is often lacking
and because of the increased difficulty of ensuring informed consent on the part of the affected persons. Other ethically relevant issues include the potential risks for offspring and the
difficulty of providing sufficient information. The opportunity to fulfill the desire to have children affects the welfare of patients and their reproductive autonomy. Ultimately, ensuring
more accurate predictions and allowing physicians to devote more time to their patients will have a positive effect. Nevertheless, clinicians must be able to process patient data
conscientiously. When using artificial intelligence, numerous actors are involved in making the diagnosis and deciding on the appropriate therapy, raising questions about who is ultimately
responsible when mistakes occur. Questions of fairness arise with regard to resource allocation and cost reimbursement. Thus, before implementing artificial intelligence in clinical
practice, it is necessary to critically examine the quantity and quality of the data used and to address issues of transparency. In the medium and long term, it would be necessary to
confront the undesirable impact and social dynamics that may accompany the use of artificial intelligence in reproductive medicine.
Frosch im Hals – Red Flags erkennen
Authors: von Piekartz Harry , Zalpour Christoff
Published: January 2023

Seit drei Monaten hat Laura mal mehr und mal weniger starke Nackenschmerzen. Sie ist müder und weinerlicher als sonst und ruht sich häufiger aus. Untypisch für den agilen Teenager. Die richtigen Fragen und Untersuchungen bringen ihren Physiotherapeuten auf die richtige Spur.
Neurodynamik: Wissensstand und Missverständnisse
Authors: Tampin Brigitte , Schmid Annina
Published: January 2023

Bei neuromuskuloskelettalen Schmerzen gehören neurodynamische Tests zur physiotherapeutischen Standarduntersuchung. Oftmals aber werden sie falsch interpretiert. Tatsächlich eignen sie sich weder für die Diagnostik einer Nervenläsion noch attestieren sie eine Verkürzung oder verminderte Gleitfähigkeit eines Nervs. Ein Update zum aktuellen Wissensstand zur Neurodynamik rückt diese und andere Missverständnisse ins rechte Licht. Dreh- und Angelpunkt ist die erhöhte neurale Mechanosensitivität.
Skull Base Reconstruction following Surgical Treatment of Sinonasal Malignancies
Authors: Pool Christopher , Abiri Arash , Kuan Edward C.
Published: January 2023

Skull base defects following resection of anterior cranial fossa and sinonasal tumors are not uncommon. Advances in endoscopic techniques have allowed for entirely endonasal resection and reconstruction of these tumors. This article discusses techniques in the evaluation and management of anterior skull base defects.
Sepsis-Associated DIC with Decreased Levels of Antithrombin and Fibrinogen is the Target for Combination Therapy with Thrombomodulin Alfa and Antithrombin
Authors: Wada Hideo , Kawasugi Kazuo , Honda Goichi , Kawano Noriaki , Uchiyama Toshimasa , Madoiwa Seiji , Takezako Naoki , Suzuki Kei , Seki Yoshinobu , Ikezoe Takayuki , Iba Toshiaki , Okamoto Kohji
Published: January 2023

Background Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is not a homogeneous condition, but rather includes heterogeneous conditions, and its pathophysiology and outcome vary considerably depending on the background. Although anticoagulant therapy is expected to be of benefit in the treatment of DIC, previous studies have suggested that the benefits are limited only to a specific subtype.

Objects The purpose of this study was to identify the group that would benefit from combination therapy using thrombomodulin/antithrombin.

Methods The data from 2,839 patients registered in the postmarketing surveillance of thrombomodulin were evaluated. The patients were divided into four groups depending on antithrombin and fibrinogen levels, and the additive effects of antithrombin on thrombomodulin were examined in the groups.

Results The DIC score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and mortality were significantly higher in the DIC group with low-antithrombin/low-fibrinogen than in the DIC groups without either low antithrombin or low fibrinogen. The survival curve was significantly higher in DIC patients with combination therapy than in patients treated with thrombomodulin monotherapy, but this effect was seen only in patients with infection-based DIC.

Conclusion DIC patients with low-antithrombin/low-fibrinogen risk poor outcomes, but they can be the target of combination therapy with antithrombin and thrombomodulin as long as the DIC is due to infection.
Zusammenhang von Diabetes mellitus und neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen
Authors: Schubert Markus
Published: January 2023

Es besteht heute kein Zweifel mehr, dass der Diabetes mellitus mit kognitiven Leistungseinschränkungen und neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen assoziiert ist. Die beiden häufigsten Formen des
Diabetes mellitus sind der Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 und 2. Der Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 ist gekennzeichnet durch einen absoluten Insulinmangel, der mit einer Vielzahl von
Stoffwechselveränderungen assoziiert ist. Diese Diabetesform bedarf zwingend einer Insulintherapie. Ohne Insulin verläuft diese Erkrankung tödlich. Die heutzutage weit häufigere Form ist der
Diabetes mellitus Typ 2. Dieser ist gekennzeichnet durch eine Insulinresistenz. Seit mittlerweile einigen Jahren stehen Medikamente zur Verfügung, mit der diese Form des Diabetes multimodal
behandelbar ist. Diese Therapieoptionen können nicht nur die Stoffwechseleinstellung verbessern, sondern auch kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse verhindern. Es können verschiedene kognitive
Einschränkungen, die mit dem Diabetes mellitus assoziiert sind, unterschieden werden. Zum einen führt die Veränderung der Glukosehomöostase an sich zu kognitiven Einschränkungen, d. h., zu
hohe oder akut zu niedrige Blutzuckerspiegel gehen z. T. mit erheblichen Störungen der geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit bis hin zur Bewusstlosigkeit einher. Aber nicht nur die Blutzuckerspiegel,
auch langfristige Veränderungen des Stoffwechsels führen letztendlich auf noch nicht ganz geklärte Weise zu Neurodegenerationen bis hin zur Demenz. Insulin oder insulinähnliche Moleküle
haben eine bedeutende Wirkung im zentralen Nervensystem. In den letzten Jahrzehnten konnte gezeigt werden, dass Insulinrezeptoren selbst in vielen Regionen des Gehirns exprimiert werden und
z. B. die Nahrungsaufnahme und Gedächtnisleistung im Menschen und im Tiermodell regulieren. Im Tiermodell beeinflussen Störungen der Insulinsignaltransduktion die Ausprägung von z. B. für
den Morbus Alzheimer (AD) typischen Pathologien. Beim Menschen gehört eine zentrale Insulinresistenz zumindest zur formalen Pathogenese des AD. Gefäßveränderungen (Makroangiopathie) bei
Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus führen nicht selten zu zerebralen Insulten, Mikroangiopathien und vaskulärer Demenz.
Arylation and Alkyne Insertion to C-Acylimines: Rapid Access to 2-Trifluoromethylated and Other Fully Substituted Pyrroles in One Pot
Authors: Yaragorla Srinivasarao , Doma Arun , Tangellapally Rajeshwari
Published: January 2023

A one-pot, four-component strategy for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated, and other fully-substituted pyrroles is reported using minimum loading of calcium catalyst at room temperature. A variety of arenes, α-keto aldehydes, amines, and activated alkynes took part in the reaction to produce high-yielding products. Friedel–Crafts arylation and aza-Michael addition are the key reactions in this approach.
Color Appearance of Various Provisional Restorative Materials for Rehabilitation Upon Aging
Authors: Juntavee Niwut , Juntavee Apa , Srisontisuk Supichaya
Published: January 2023

Objectives Color stability of provisional restoration is crucial for full mouth reconstruction, which is probably influenced by aging. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of aging on the color appearance of different provisional materials.

Materials and Methods Rectangular specimens (10 × 10 × 2 mm) were fabricated from computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) (Vita CAD-Temp [VC], TelioCAD [TC], artBloc [RC]), autopolymerized (ProtempIV [PA], Luxatemp [LA], UnifastTrad [UA]), and heat-polymerized polymer (Major C&B [MH]). Each was divided into aging (AG, 5,000 thermocycles of 5°/55°C) and non-aging group (n = 21/group). Color parameters were determined using a spectrophotometer through the CIELAB system. The L*, a*, and b* data were calculated for color appearance (∆E), translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), and opalescence parameter (OP) for each.

Statistical Analysis An analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were determined for a significant difference in color appearance alteration of materials upon aging (α = 0.05).

Results Statistically significant differences of L*, a*, b*, ∆E, TP, CR, and OP due to the effect of types of material (p < 0.05), aging effect (p < 0.05), and their interactions (p < 0.05) were indicated. Aging affects the color appearance, lightness, chromaticity, translucency, contrast, and opalescence of various types of provisional materials. Color appearance alteration of provisional materials was significantly indicated upon aging (p < 0.05) but within the perceivable limit of clinical acceptance (∆E
diff < 3.0), except for PA and MH. Color stability of CAD-CAM-based poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and autopolymerized PMMA upon aging were better than bis-acryl resin and heat-polymerized PMMA. The TP, CR, and OP alterations of tested materials upon aging were within the perceivable limit.

Conclusion Color appearance of provisional restorative materials was influenced by aging. The CAD-CAM-based PMMA and autopolymerized PMMA materials showed better color stability than bis-acryl provisional resin and heat-polymerized PMMA upon aging. Therefore, they were suggested as provisional materials for oral rehabilitation.
PMS2 Pathogenic Variant in Lynch Syndrome-Associated Colorectal Cancer with Polyps
Authors: Poaty Henriette , Bouya Lauria Batamba , Lumaka Aimé , Mongo-Onkouo Arnaud , Gassaye Deby
Published: January 2023

Background Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant condition due to the germline mutation in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 (post-meiotic segregation increased 2). The MMR mutation carriers have high risk for cancers. Pathogenic PMS2 variants are rarely reported in LS-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) with colorectal polyps. The aim of the study was to investigate the genetic etiology of CRC in an individual with CRC with multiple colorectal polyps and a family history of cancers.

Patients and Methods The index patient was an African male affected by CRC with multiple colorectal polyps. The clinical diagnostic for LS was based on the Amsterdam II criteria and pedigree. Next-generation sequencing with inherited cancer genes panel was used to detect the pathogenic variant.

Results The patient fulfilled the Amsterdam II criteria and the pedigree revealed a family history of recurrent CRC. A deleterious PMS2 germline heterozygous mutation c.2192_2196delTAACT was detected.

Conclusion Our study supports the notion that LS may be associated with polyps and shows the predisposition of PMS2 heterozygous mutation in LS-associated CRC at young age.
Targeted Data Quality Analysis for a Clinical Decision Support System for SIRS Detection in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients
Authors: Tute Erik , Mast Marcel , Wulff Antje
Published: January 2023

Background Data quality issues can cause false decisions of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). Analyzing local data quality has the potential to prevent data quality-related failure of CDSS adoption.

Objectives To define a shareable set of applicable measurement methods (MMs) for a targeted data quality assessment determining the suitability of local data for our CDSS.

Methods We derived task-specific MMs using four approaches: (1) a GUI-based data quality analysis using the open source tool openCQA. (2) Analyzing cases of known false CDSS decisions. (3) Data-driven learning on MM-results. (4) A systematic check to find blind spots in our set of MMs based on the HIDQF data quality framework. We expressed the derived data quality-related knowledge about the CDSS using the 5-tuple-formalization for MMs.

Results We identified some task-specific dataset characteristics that a targeted data quality assessment for our use case should inspect. Altogether, we defined 394 MMs organized in 13 data quality knowledge bases.

Conclusions We have created a set of shareable, applicable MMs that can support targeted data quality assessment for CDSS-based systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) detection in critically ill, pediatric patients. With the demonstrated approaches for deriving and expressing task-specific MMs, we intend to help promoting targeted data quality assessment as a commonly recognized usual part of research on data-consuming application systems in health care.
A Novel Ear Cartilage Caudal Septal Extension Graft
Authors: Foda Hossam M.T. , El Abany Ahmed
Published: January 2023

In cases of weak or deficient caudal septum, the caudal septum extension graft (CSEG) is the most commonly used reconstructive method. In the current study we introduce a newly-designed conchal cartilage CSEG and evaluate its cosmetic and functional outcomes. The graft has an average length of 3 ± 0.3 cm and composed of a distal double-layered part, which is 3 to 4 mm wide and a proximal single-layered part, which is 1.2 to 1.7 cm wide. The graft design allows the proximal single-layered part to be fixed on either sides of the caudal septum while keeping the distal double-layered segment in the midline. The study included 230 patients, of which 83% were revisions, all patients completed a validated patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) questionnaire pre- and postoperatively. The PROMs used were either the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) survey or the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS). During the mean follow-up period of 18.2 months (range: 9–192 months) no serious complications were encountered and only six cases (2.3%) required minor revisions of the CSEG.

Using the proposed conchal cartilage, CSEG resulted in an improved cosmetic and functional outcome as evidenced by the significant postoperative improvement in the NOSE, SCHNOS-O, and SCHNOS-C scores with a p-value <0.001, <0.05, and <0.0001, respectively. The graft provided adequate tensile strength and support to the nasal tip, which resulted in improved tip projection, rotation, definition, and symmetry, while maintaining a degree of flexibility and elasticity which is much more than that of the rib or even the septum thus resulting in the most natural feel of the nasal tip lobule.
Performing IVF for surrogacy before confirmation of the surrogacy agreement by the court: a critical analysis of recent case law in South Africa
Authors: Thaldar Donrich
Published: January 2023

The regulation of surrogacy in South Africa centres on a scheme of judicial confirmation of surrogacy agreements before the start of the surrogate pregnancy. If such confirmation is granted by the court, actions taken in the execution of the surrogacy agreement are lawful, and the agreement itself is enforceable. Against this background, the question has arisen: is it lawful to perform in vitro fertilisation (IVF) before confirmation of the surrogacy agreement? This is a salient question: In circumstances where egg retrieval needs to take place in anticipation of surrogacy, and where sperm is available but where the surrogacy agreement has not (yet) been confirmed, there are significant clinical advantages to first creating embryos through IVF before cryopreservation—rather than cryopreserving the eggs. However, in the recent case of Ex ParteMCM, the court held that it is unlawful to perform IVF in anticipation of surrogacy where the surrogacy agreement has not (yet) been confirmed. The correctness of this decision is comprehensively analysed with reference to the two main statutory instruments that are relevant to the topic: the Children’s Act and the Regulations relating to the Artificial Fertilisation of Persons. This article concludes that Ex ParteMCM interpreted the Regulations incorrectly, and that on a proper construction of both the relevant statutory instruments, the law does not prohibit IVF in anticipation of surrogacy where the surrogacy agreement has not (yet) been confirmed.
Design and development of mechanical test bench for testing and calibration of multiple blood pressure measuring devices
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Zafer Afaqul , Dubey P. K. , Kumar Ashok , Singh Megha , Sharma Nita Dilawar , Jaiswal S. K. , Prakash Om , Kumar Harish , Gupta V. K. , Aggarwal Ashutosh , Yadav Sanjay
Published: January 2023

Blood pressure (BP) measurement is an important physiological parameter for human health monitoring, which plays a significant role in the diagnosis of many incurable diseases. However, due to inaccuracies in the different types of BP measuring devices, the calibration of these BP measuring instruments is a major concern for a medical practitioner. Currently, these devices’ calibration, testing, and validation are performed using rigorous methods with complex clinical trials and following the available documentary standards. This article describes the design and development of an indigenous mechanical test bench (MTB) system for the testing and calibration of multiple BP devices, as per International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) recommended documents e.g., OIML R 16-1 and OIML R 16-2. The developed system can test and calibrate 20 BP devices, simultaneously. The traceability of the developed MTB is established by performing its calibration against the Air Piston Gauge, a national primary vacuum standard. The estimated expanded measurement uncertainty evaluated is found to be ±0.11 mmHg, which is almost one order better than the measurement uncertainty required for the test and calibration of BP measuring instruments as per standard. The MTB has successfully been used to test and calibrate several BP measuring instruments. The data of one such device is reported herein as an indicator of the performance process. The calibration of these BP measuring instruments was performed in the static mode, and the estimated expanded measurement uncertainty was found to be ±1.25 mmHg. The developed MTB system would prove to be an excellent instrument for calibration laboratories, hospitals, regulatory agencies, and other users to test and calibrate 20 BP measuring devices simultaneously and cost-effectively.
A novel compact solid-state high power pulse generator based on magnetic switch and square waveform pulse transformer
Authors: Gao Jingming , Li Song , Yang Hanwu , Jin Shangdong , Zeng Fanzheng , Qian Baoliang , Yuan Chengwei
Published: January 2023

The high power pulse generators have been widely used in high power microwave generation and plasma physics research. In this paper, a novel compact solid-state high power pulse generator is studied, numerically and experimentally. The generator is mainly composed of the primary energy supply, the magnetic pulse compressor, the Blumlein type low-impedance pulse forming network, and the square waveform pulse transformer. Especially, design considerations for a solid-state high power pulse generator are proposed. Experimental results show that pulses with a peak power of 2 GW, a duration of 150 ns, and a repetitive rate of 10 Hz are continuously achieved on a dummy load. The dimension is Φ60 × 210 cm2, and the average power density reaches ∼5 W/L. Experimental results show reasonable agreement with numerical analysis.
Opto-electromechanical quantification of epithelial barrier function in injured and healthy airway tissues
Authors: Chen Jiawen , Mir Mohammad , Hudock Maria R. , Pinezich Meghan R. , Chen Panpan , Bacchetta Matthew , Vunjak-Novakovic Gordana , Kim Jinho
Published: January 2023

The airway epithelium lining the luminal surface of the respiratory tract creates a protective barrier that ensures maintenance of tissue homeostasis and prevention of respiratory diseases. The airway epithelium, unfortunately, is frequently injured by inhaled toxic materials, trauma, or medical procedures. Substantial or repeated airway epithelial injury can lead to dysregulated intrinsic repair pathways and aberrant tissue remodeling that can lead to dysfunctional airway epithelium. While disruption in the epithelial integrity is directly linked to degraded epithelial barrier function, the correlation between the structure and function of the airway epithelium remains elusive. In this study, we quantified the impact of acutely induced airway epithelium injury on disruption of the epithelial barrier functions. By monitoring alternation of the flow motions and tissue bioimpedance at local injury site, degradation of the epithelial functions, including mucociliary clearance and tight/adherens junction formation, were accurately determined with a high spatiotemporal resolution. Computational models that can simulate and predict the disruption of the mucociliary flow and airway tissue bioimpedance have been generated to assist interpretation of the experimental results. Collectively, findings of this study advance our knowledge of the structure–function relationships of the airway epithelium that can promote development of efficient and accurate diagnosis of airway tissue injury.
Asynchronous pulse-modulated plasma effect on the generation of abnormal high-energetic electrons for the suppression of charge-up induced tilting and cell density-dependent etching profile variation
Authors: Kwon Hyoungcheol , Iza Felipe , Won Imhee , Lee Minkyung , Han Songhee , Park Raseong , Kim Yongjin , Oh Dongyean , Park Sung-Kye , Cha Seonyong
Published: January 2023

The formation of high-energy electrons and ion fluxes induced by an abnormal electron heating mode in asynchronous pulse-modulated plasma was investigated using particle-in-cell simulation. We demonstrate that the abnormally high electron heating mode was induced only for a short time in the asynchronous pulsed plasmas. Furthermore, enhanced production of energetic electrons accompanies this electron heating. In particular, the higher energy electrons (ε > 20 eV) are mainly produced by the abnormal electron heating during the first period of the abrupt sheath expansion phase in the asynchronous pulsed plasma with α1 = α3 = 0.05. These high-energy electrons are crucial for tailoring the expansion of plasma density and neutralizing the surface charging for the HARC etching process. A synergy of higher energy electrons and higher density ion fluxes in asynchronous pulsed plasma can be a promising solution to reduce statistical variation and charging-induced profile deterioration without the etch rate reduction in 3D NAND fabrication.
Chimeras on a ring of oscillator populations
Authors: Laing Carlo R.
Published: January 2023

Chimeras occur in networks of coupled oscillators and are characterized by coexisting groups of synchronous oscillators and asynchronous oscillators. We consider a network formed from N equal-sized populations at equally spaced points around a ring. We use the Ott/Antonsen ansatz to derive coupled ordinary differential equations governing the level of synchrony within each population and describe chimeras using a self-consistency argument. For N=2 and 3, our results are compared with previously known ones. We obtain new results for the cases of 4,5,…,12 populations and a numerically based conjecture resulting from the behavior of larger numbers of populations. We find macroscopic chaos when more than five populations are considered, but conjecture that this behavior vanishes as the number of populations is increased.
Time-reversal symmetry adaptation in relativistic density matrix renormalization group algorithm
Authors: Li Zhendong
Published: January 2023

In the nonrelativistic Schrödinger equation, the total spin S and spin projection M are good quantum numbers. In contrast, spin symmetry is lost in the presence of spin-dependent interactions, such as spin–orbit couplings in relativistic Hamiltonians. Therefore, the relativistic density matrix renormalization group algorithm (R-DMRG) only employing particle number symmetry is much more expensive than nonrelativistic DMRG. In addition, artificial breaking of Kramers degeneracy can happen in the treatment of systems with an odd number of electrons. To overcome these issues, we propose time-reversal symmetry adaptation for R-DMRG. Since the time-reversal operator is antiunitary, this cannot be simply achieved in the usual way. We introduce a time-reversal symmetry-adapted renormalized basis and present strategies to maintain the structure of basis functions during the sweep optimization. With time-reversal symmetry adaptation, only half of the renormalized operators are needed, and the computational costs of Hamiltonian-wavefunction multiplication and renormalization are reduced by half. The present construction of the time-reversal symmetry-adapted basis also directly applies to other tensor network states without loops.
Novel angular velocity estimation technique for plasma filaments
Authors: Lampert M. , Diallo A. , Zweben S. J.
Published: January 2023

Magnetic field aligned filaments such as blobs and edge localized mode filaments carry significant amounts of heat and particles to the plasma facing components and they decrease their lifetime. The dynamics of these filaments determine at least a part of the heat and particle loads. These dynamics can be characterized by their translation and rotation. In this paper, we present an analysis method novel for fusion plasmas, which can estimate the angular velocity of the filaments on frame-by-frame time resolution. After pre-processing, the frames are two-dimensional (2D) Fourier-transformed, then the resulting 2D Fourier magnitude spectra are transformed to log-polar coordinates, and finally the 2D cross-correlation coefficient function (CCCF) is calculated between the consecutive frames. The displacement of the CCCF’s peak along the angular coordinate estimates the angle of rotation of the most intense structure in the frame. The proposed angular velocity estimation method is tested and validated for its accuracy and robustness by applying it to rotating Gaussian-structures. The method is also applied to gas-puff imaging measurements of filaments in National Spherical Torus Experiment plasmas.