bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The History of Emotions and Nationalism Studies: a Сognitive Turn in Contemporary Historiography
Authors: Vorobieva Olga
Published: September 2021

The article considers the cognitive potential of the history of emotions in the study of nationalism in historiographical discussions of 1990—2000s. The authors analyze the works, which criticize constructivist approaches and problematize the relationship between nationalism, “national character”, “emotional mode” and everyday behavioral practices. Based on P. Bourdieu's concept of ‘habitus’ and its modification in N. Elias's historical sociology, the article highlights the common ground and productive interaction between histories of emotion and nationalism studies. This reciprocal movement is interpreted as a symptom of the search for a common conceptual platform and vocabulary for the mutual translation of their research practices. The authors believe that a productive trend within this dialogue could be a more active address to cognitive studies advocating a rethinking of the relationship between individual consciousness and collective regimes of knowledge-power of sentimental, modern and “post-modern” eras.
Allegory vs Metaphor: Conceptualizing French Kingdom in the 14th — 15th Centuries
Authors: Bychkov Pavel
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the strategies used by French medieval authors of the 14th — 15th centuries to comprehend the state and society with the help of cognitive tools like metaphor and allegory. Writers and poets of that period, such as Nicolas Oresme, Eustache Deschamps, Jean Gerson, Christina de Pisan and others, use the same expressive means in their works, but the means themselves can be expressions of different, even opposite ideas. The article considers the metaphor of the political body and the allegorical figure of France, which French thinkers most frequently resorted to. The metaphor of the body expresses the idea of the integrity of the state, the harmonious combination and functionality of all parts of society, thus helping to form a political and philosophical doctrine of the state structure. Allegory, on the other hand, as a certain personification of this body, outlines the state as a female figure, becoming the archetypal “damsel in distress” in order to form an identity and loyal feelings in the reader. Thus, this or that trope dictated the model for describing the state, and vice versa-the choice of this or that trope signified the desire to convey certain ideas to potential recipients.
Middle East Direction in the Diplomatic Mission of the Moscow Patriarchate in 1943 — the mid-1950s
Authors: Kail Maksim
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the practice of restoring church contacts between the Russian Orthodox Church and the patriarchs of the Orthodox East and the reconstruction of the church infrastructure in the Holy Land after the break in the Second World War in 1943 until the end of the Stalinist era. Russian Orthodox Christianity was able to regain its presence in the Holy Land through the organization of diplomatic visits and gifts to the new head of the Russian Church, Patriarch Aleksei I, with the support of the Soviet government. This "return" after the formation of the State of Israel and with its support was accompanied by the displacement of the structures of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad and the redistribution of church property in the region. The restoration of the presence of the USSR and the ROC in the region had long-term consequences for state-church relations in the USSR.
Female Pilgrimage to the Middle East during Global Transformation, or How Lost Female Pilgrims in the Holy Land Fell in the Sphere of Soviet Interests
Authors: Belyakova Nadezhda
Published: September 2021

The research focuses on establishing and personifying the rather shady and marginal group of “Russian female pilgrims” that decided to stay in the Holy Land in 1910—1920’s and caught the attention of the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs after the formation of the state of Israel. In our research, we are introducing previously unpublished documents that give us the opportunity to examine this marginal group of elderly, religious women, who unexpectedly became acting figures in the Soviet-Israeli diplomatic relations and the Soviet struggle for Russian property in Palestine. The interest of the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs in attaining property that previously belonged to institutions and representatives of the Russian Empire in Palestine naturally sparked the USSR’s keen interest in Russian nuns and female pilgrims in the region. The condition under which these women were granted Soviet citizenship was the recognition of Patriarch Alexius I of Moscow, which in itself is an expression of the new role, played by the Russian Orthodox Church under Stalinist leadership in the international (namely — Middle Eastern) arena. In this research paper we will demonstrate the mechanism of discussion and decision-making within the Soviet institutions, which pertained to the granting of a special kind of citizenship, one that officially forbade the entrance to the USSR. Among the documents published is the list of the female pilgrims, who lived in the Holy Land in 1952 and who were willing to receive Soviet citizenship.
The Fate of the Catholic Church of St. Louis of the French in Soviet Moscow: the Perspective of an American Assumptionist
Authors: Beglov Alexey
Published: September 2021

From 1938 to 1992, the Church of St. Louis of the French was the only legally operating Roman Catholic parish church in Moscow. The peculiarity of the parish was that its core membership and its “executive bodies” comprised foreign nationals and representatives of the diplomatic corps, primarily of France and the United States. In the second half of the 1940s, amid rising tensions with the West, the Soviet authorities subjected the community of St. Louis and its clergy to their control. Today, it is possible to detail the circumstances of this case not only thanks to the Russian archival materials but also to the document published below, a copy of a memorandum by Fr. Leopold Braun, A. A., an American priest who administered the Church of St. Louis in 1934—1945. The document, originally forwarded to the US State Department in February 1954, was found in the Archives of the North American Province of the Assumptionists in the Provincial House in Boston, MA. In this document, Fr. Braun describes the history of the church in the Soviet period, focusing on the confrontation between its clergy and parishioners, on the one hand, and the Soviet authorities, on the other. He also suggests that the US Government intervene in the situation and return control of the church to Catholics of all nationalities, including those who do not have Soviet citizenship. The basis for such interference, from the point of view of Fr. L. Braun, was the Roosevelt — Litvinov agreements of 1933, which contained guarantees of religious freedoms for American citizens in the USSR.
Lev Zander and Problems of Ecumenism
Authors: Jewdokimow Dorota
Published: September 2021

Lev Alexandrovich Zander was a continuer of the Russian religious and philosophical renaissance thought of the beginning of the 20th century. The main part of his intellectual activity was performed in the extraordinary conditions of emigration. He was one of the creators of the Russian diaspora in Paris, at the same time holding crucial functions in the St Sergius Orthodox Theology Institute in Paris. However, over the years he became less and less recognisable. His ecumenical, practical, and theoretical activities are also worth analysing. He co-created the Ecumenical Movement in the first years of its existence. His interpretation of ecumenism, highly controversial for his immediate environment, outpaced his times and still remains up-to-date. In his theoretical texts, Zander formulated the fundamental conditions for interfaith collaboration and the postulates of ecumenism: the principle of confessionalism and the need of restraining from proselytism. The principle of confessionalism consists in unconditional and uncompromising affirmation of the beliefs held by each particular church.  Lev Zander describer the ideal of ecumenism as “unity in love”, which surpasses its historic standards; the notion of “ecumenism” was more mystical and eschatological than historical. “Unity without union” which is the formula of ecumenical paradox, the expression of the contradictory nature of ecumenism, is placed in the centre of his ecumenical reflection. The publication of Zander’s most important work Vision and action in 1952 sparked a heated discussion in the Paris orthodox community, contributing to the development of the orthodox ecumenical theology.
Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the European Part of the USSR and Siberia in The System of International Contacts of the USSR during the Cold War (1944—1955)
Authors: Khabibullina Zilya
Published: September 2021

The Spiritual Administrations of Muslims of the USSR were official organizations accountable to the Council for Religious Affairs, which concerned with regulation the life of religious communities in the allocated territory. Their competence included functions of a theological nature, statistical treatment, observation of cult objects and believers. Under the pressure of post-war circumstances, the beginning of the Cold War, religious organizations were engaged in the propaganda foreign policy tasks of the USSR. In permitted international contacts, they created a positive image of the country and demonstrated freedom of religion. The article examines the participation of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the European part of the USSR and Siberia in the spread of the Soviet ideological project abroad. Territorially, the spiritual administration was located in Ufa, the materials of the National Archives of the Republic of Bashkortostan offer an insight into such forms of interaction with the foreign world as: staff meetings of the spiritual administration with representatives of foreign states, visits of Islamic spiritual leaders to Muslim countries, their publication in foreign editions, participation in international conferences, the presence of believers of the USSR in Saudi Arabia during the Hajj. In the 1950s DUMES has been converted regularly subjected to demonstrations to foreign guests of Bashkiria and all kinds of delegations as a symbol of freedom of conscience in the USSR. The Muslim clergy had promoted of the Soviet lifestyle and the country’s achievements in a deep crisis of religious life in the USSR.
Prefigurations of Thinking about Thinking
Authors: Wrzosek Wojciech
Published: September 2021

The article presents arguments about the difficulties of thinking about thinking, notes the historical nature of both thinking itself and the dialogue about it. The author searches for allies for the thesis that thinking about thinking cannot complete itself because thinking about itself does not follow the cognitive strategy Subject/object. It is not possible, in an act of self-communication (self-recognition), to be both the interpretandum and the interpretans. An interpretandum cannot be simultaneously the interpretans in the thinking of the Self. The author gathers arguments for the thesis that thinking about thinking can be supported by the data on pre-philosophical thinking and on the mechanism of metamorphosis.
How “New Media” Change Our Emotions? Three Strategies of Research
Authors: Grishina Anna
Published: September 2021

The article is a review of current studies of emotion transformations under the influence of the Internet and “new media”. The main approaches to this problem, including cognitive research, are considered. It is proved that a significant limitation of the most popular approach in cultural studies, which recognizes considerable differences between the “old” and “new” media, but does not absolutize this opposition, is the tendency to large-scale generalizations — a direct combination of empirical observations and broad theoretical conclusions about the nature of neoliberal society and contemporary digital culture. An important means of overcoming these superficial generalizations is turning to cognitive research, for which it is fundamentally important to verify data and clarify the framework of their correctness, depending on different types of social interaction.
Human Mind in Space and Time: Prolegomena to a Cognitive History
Authors: Dunér David
Published: September 2021

The last decades have seen a noticeable increase in cognitive science studies that have changed the understanding of human thinking. Its relevance for historical research cannot be overlooked any more. Cognitive history could be explained as the study of how humans in history used their cognitive abilities in order to understand the world around them and to orient themselves in it, but also how the world outside their bodies affected their way of thinking. In focus for this introductory chapter is the relationship between history and cognition, the human mind’s interaction with the environment in time and space. The chapter discusses certain cognitive abilities in interaction with the environment, which can be studied in historical sources, namely: embodied mind, situated cognition, perception, distributed cognition, conceptual metaphors, categorization, intersubjectivity, and communication. These cognitive theories can give deeper understanding of how — and not only what — humans thought, and about the interaction between the human mind and the surrounding world. The most ambitious aim of such a cognitive history could be to inform the research on the cognitive evolution of the human mind.
Cognitive Strategies for Overcoming Socio-Cultural Threats in Russian Historiography
Authors: Shkarenkov Pavel
Published: September 2021

The relevance of resistance to socio-cultural threats and risks is growing exponentially. The strategies of resistance to these threats reconstructed by narratologists have considerable epistemological potential not only in the context of artistic discourse, but also for historiographical reflections. The article presents the following strategies of resistance: agonal, projective, conservative, mobilizing, stoic, illuminative, using the material of different-scale historiographical narratives. It can be argued that the epistemological arsenal of humanitarian research has been enriched with an effective tool, which is used not only to describe, but also to predict the resource possibilities of resistance to socio-cultural threats and risks.
Problems and Perspectives of Methodological Reflection (Using H. White, F. Braudel, and P. Bourdieu's Works as Examples)
Authors: Iakovlev Matvey
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the problem of analyzing the methodology of historical research. The author dwells on three possible strategies of such an analysis, going back to the concepts of Hayden White, Pierre Bourdieu, and Fernand Braudel. All three concepts belong to the second half of the 20th century, a period when methodological reflection was actively developing, and although the theory of history has moved on since then, the author believes that an analysis of the classical works will make it possible to create a better methodological map on their basis in the future. The author believes that the problems of methodological reflexion raised in the article stimulate discussions about the methodology of historical research and the ways of its analysis.
Historical Cognition and Cognitive Sciences: New in Russian Historiography
Authors: Sofronova Lidia
Published: September 2021

The article presents an analytical review of the recent literature on cognitive history, especially the Russian collective monograph “Cognitive Sciences and Historical Cognition”, published in 2020. It traces the patterns typical for interdisciplinary research not only within the humanitarian disciplines, but also at the “borders” between the humanities and the “natural sciences”. The article highlights the paradoxical and productive nature of the “mutual interventions” of cognitive science and the humanities, which contribute to overcoming “atomism” both within the humanities and at the “frontier” between them and the natural science disciplines.
Reflecting on What I Have Read: Civilizational Challenges in the World Historical Perspective
Authors: Koval Tatiana
Published: September 2021

The article is a review of the collective monograph “Civilizational challenges in the world historical perspective”. The author addresses four scientific discussions presented in the sections of the book and devoted to the challenges of globalization, modernization, migration and barbarism. It is shown that using a transnational perspective and relying on theoretical innovations in the study and reconstruction of civilizations, the authors of the monograph reveal the mechanisms of generating various civilizational challenges and the results of their contradictory effect on individual local civilizations and the world-historical process as a whole. Considering modern challenges in a multilevel perspective, which allows finding the contours of the linking macro- and micro-historical analysis, in different geographical and temporal environments simultaneously in synchronous and diachronic sections, allows, according to the reviewer, to deepen the understanding of the specificity of individual civilizations, ways of their interaction as well as the current era of globalization.
Numerical Study of Ion-Slip and Hall Effect on Couette Flow of Two Immiscible Micropolar and Micropolar Dusty Fluid (Fluid-Particle Suspension) with Heat Transfer
Authors: Chandrawat Rajesh Kumar , Joshi Varun
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Couette flow of two non-Newtonian immiscible fluids micropolar and micropolar dusty (fluid-particle suspension) are considered in the horizontal channel with heat transfer. A comprehensive mathematical model and computational simulation with the modified cubic B-Spline-Differential Quadrature method (MCB-DQM) is described for unsteady flow. The coupled partial differential equation for fluid and particle-phase are formulated and the effect of viscous dissipation, Joule heating, Hall current, and other hydrodynamic and solutal parameters i. e. Reynolds number, Eckert number, particle concentration parameter, Eringen micropolar material parameter, time, viscosity ratio, and density ratio on the flow rate, micro rotation, and temperature characteristics were investigated. The analysis of obtained results reveals that the fluids and particle velocities are slightly decreasing with Hartmann number, and increasing with time, ion-slip, and Hall parameters. Microrotation declined with Microrotations dropped significantly with ion-slip and Hall parameter and grown Hartman number. The temperature begins to rise as time, Hartman number, and Eckert number grow and declined with Ion-slip and Hall parameter.
Density Modelling in Mixed Convection Flow in a Vertical Parallel Plate Channel
Authors: Siddiqui Perwez
Published: September 2021

In this paper, a novel way of modelling the density in buoyancy term of mixed convection flow problem is presented using equation of state and Boussinesq approximation without first-order approximation of density with respect to temperature. The presented density model is used to investigate the laminar mixed convection flow in a vertical parallel plate channel under symmetric constant wall heat flux. The results obtained are compared with the results obtained using first-order approximation of density with Boussinesq approximation, and also compared with the results obtained using variable thermophysical properties with negligible viscous dissipation. Investigation is performed on the basis of flow and thermal fields for Re=150 and 300, Ri=0.1 to 25. It is found that the presented density model produces relatively better results, which is able to describe the case of developing flow under constant heat flux condition that is not evident if Boussinesq approximation with first-order approximation of density is used. An appearance of recirculatory cells when reverse flow takes place is also witnessed in vertical channel flow with constant heat flux boundary condition which was not reported earlier.
A REFLECTION ON QUEERCRIP CHILD AND YOUTH CARE PRACTICE: DREAMS OF CARE AND FUTURITY
Authors: Gemar Casper
Published: September 2021

This paper engages with a reflection on the author’s embodied queercrip youth care praxis. The author uses queercrip theory to examine child and youth care practices and the relationships they hold to structures of power and domination. In so doing, he uses the terms eliminatory logics, survival dreaming, and crip constellations to understand the dynamics that undergird care and liberatory futures. Exploration of the (re)emerging queercrip paradigms that are the foundation of this work finds that these practices of care require moving beyond current imaginaries in youth care spaces. The paper concludes with recommendations for practice.
Sistema de generación de arreglos polifónicos para música tradicional de la región andina colombiana basado en algoritmos genéticos
Authors: Ovalle Cuervo Clara Marcela , Ramírez Corredor Sebastián , Espitia Cuchango Helbert Eduardo
Published: September 2021

En este trabajo se propone la aplicación de algoritmos genéticos para la creación de arreglos musicales polifónicos de música tradicional de la región Andina de Colombia. Se propone, además, una codificación de las notas musicales teniendo en cuenta su duración, altura la aplicación de las reglas de armonía musical en los espacios de búsqueda. La verificación de la efectividad del sistema se realiza desde los puntos de vista matemático y musical.
Isolated Plexiform Neurofibroma of the Nasal Tip - A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chowdhury Subhadeep , Debnath Tithi
Published: September 2021

A 28-year-old female patient presented at ENT OPD with complaints of a slowly growing mass over nasal tip since last 5 years. There were no complaints of pain, nasal obstruction, or epistaxis. There were no skin changes or ulceration over the swelling and sensation was preserved. There was no history of similar kind of swelling in other parts of the body. History of trauma or any form of surgical intervention were excluded. Family history was insignificant. The swelling did not respond to any medications. The patient attended for cosmetic reason solely. Clinical examination showed a soft non-tender 4 cm by 4 cm mass over nasal tip and supratip area. Mobility of the mass was restricted and fixed to the alar cartilages. There was no evidence of café au lait spots or any other skin lesions. Anterior rhinoscopy was unremarkable. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy was also performed but no abnormality was detected. CT scan showed non-specific infiltrative subcutaneous lesions. T1W MRI showed an ill-defined hypodense mass over the nasal tip which was abutting the alar cartilages which showed mild enhancement with contrast (figure 1). T2W MRI showed hyperintense and or hypodense central focus (target sign). FNAC was done and report was suggestive of neurogenic tumour, most probably neurofibroma.
Histopathological Evaluation of Lesions of Appendix - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Punnoose Asha Peedikayil , Joseph Elizabeth , Joseph Dahlia , Thomas Blessy Mary
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND Appendix is considered as a vestigial organ in medical history. But recent studies reveal its importance in immunological function. Appendicectomy is one of the most common surgeries performed and acute appendicitis being the most frequent pathology noted. Various less common pathologies like parasitic infestation, granuloma, diverticulum, neoplasms are also described. In our institute, we have seen an increased rate of acute appendicitis and a relative increase in neoplastic conditions. The purpose of this study was histopathological evaluation of lesions of appendix over a period of five years and its association with demographic data. METHODS This cross-sectional study included all specimens received in the department of pathology with primary pathology in appendix. Appendix removed as a part of other surgical procedures were excluded. Relevant clinical data, gross findings and histopathological diagnoses were retrieved from pathology records and computer databases and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 16.0). RESULTS Out of the 576 cases, 485 (84 %) patients showed findings consistent with acute appendicitis on histopathological examination. Perforation rate was 4.86 % and was higher in male patients. Other pathologies include chronic appendicitis in 58 cases (10.06 %), eosinophilic appendicitis in one case (0.17 %), appendix with lymphoid hyperplasia in 14 cases (2.43 %), periappendicitis in 4 cases (0.69 %), fibrous obliteration of appendix in 2 cases (0.34 %), granulomatous appendicitis in 4 cases (0.69 %), appendix with lymphoid hyperplasia in 14 cases (2.43 %), diverticulitis in one case (0.17 %), tubular adenoma with low grade dysplasia in one case (0.17 %), neuroendocrine tumour in one case (0.17 %) and mucinous neoplasms in 5 cases (0.86 %). CONCLUSIONS The study supports routine histological examination of all the appendicectomy specimens to avoid missing of any clinically important condition which has significant impact on treatment and prognosis. Also noted an increased number of mucinous neoplasms suggesting the importance of future studies in this field. KEYWORDS Appendix, Acute Appendicitis, Chronic Appendicitis, Mucinous Neoplasms of Appendix, Diverticulitis
A Comparative Study of Topical Sucralfate and Povidone Iodine Dressing in Diabetic Foot Ulcers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tirupati
Authors: Rani Bathena Sobha , Prakash Gandikota Venkata , Sarada Budamala , Desu Bharath Kumar , Krishnan Yadhuf
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND Diabetic patients have reduced ability to metabolize glucose resulting in elevated blood sugar levels which further burdens the wound healing process. This leads to non-healing chronic ulcers. The sufferers of chronic diabetic foot ulcers are increasing globally due to lack of preventive and control measures. Sucralfate has been demonstrated in molecular studies to enhance the granulation tissue proliferation and thus promoting ulcer healing in the skin. Various clinical studies have also showed the efficacy of sucralfate in complete healing of the wound and in reducing the size of the wound. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of topical sucralfate with that of povidone iodine dressing, in the healing of diabetic ulcers. METHODS This is a randomized comparative study. Among 100 patients, 50 patients received treatment in the form of povidone iodine dressings and 50 took treatment with sucralfate dressing. The patient underwent a detailed clinical examination. Relevant investigations were also done. The initial wound area was recorded after thorough debridement by measuring length x width. Both the groups underwent dressings once daily. The patients were followed up daily for a period of 3 weeks in both the groups. RESULTS In this study, the mean ± SD area of reduction of the ulcer was observed to be higher in sucralfate group 54.17 ± 10.08 than the povidone iodine group 16.07 ± 4.19. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups for the mean of area reduction (P < 0.0001, significant). CONCLUSIONS The ulcers in subjects treated with sucralfate dressing (S group) contracted more than the ulcers in the patients treated with povidone iodine (P group) (54.17 % Vs 16.07 %; P = < 0.0001, significant) which points out that sucralfate dressing is an effective modality in helping the reduction of wound area in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. KEYWORDS Diabetic, Sucralfate, Area of Reduction
Clinical Profile of Neonatal Hypoglycaemia in a Tertiary Care Centre in Mahabubnagar, Telangana
Authors: Patta Nagaveni , Kumar Manthena Jagadeesh , Sirazuddin Mohd
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND Hypoglycaemia is one of the most common metabolic problems seen in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Most cases of neonatal hypoglycaemia are transient and respond readily to treatment and are associated with excellent prognosis. Development of clinical signs and symptoms may be a late sign of hypoglycaemia. Persistent hypoglycaemia may result in possible neurologic sequelae. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical pattern of hypoglycaemia in neonates admitted in special newborn care unit in Government General hospital, Mahabubnagar, Telangana and to also assess the influence of gestational age, birth weight, various comorbid conditions on blood glucose levels. METHODS This is an observational hospital-based study done in Government General Hospital, Mahabubnagar from June 2020 to May 2021. Neonates with hypoglycaemia (blood glucose < 45 mg/dl) at the time of admission are included in our study. Blood glucose values were monitored 2nd hourly on 1st day and 6th hourly thereafter. Following the detection of hypoglycaemia, the neonates were treated as per institutional protocol. Clinical features, laboratory parameters are studied and analysed. RESULTS Among the 99 neonates studied, 68 (68.7 %) were males and 31 (31.3 %) females; Term babies were 75 (75.7 %) and pre term babies were 24 (24.2 %). Low birth weight newborns (51.5 %) were more affected with hypoglycaemia compared to normal weight newborns (38.4 %). Among the 99 neonates studied, 96.9 % were treated and discharged. Average duration of stay was around 05 to 07 days. CONCLUSIONS Hypoglycaemia is most common condition in neonates. Routine screening should be done to all newborns at the time of admission. Timely intervention reduces long term neurological sequelae. Neonates presenting with dull activity, refusal to feed, vomiting, jitteriness, seizures must routinely undergo regular glucose monitoring. As the study shows, most hypoglycaemic neonates presented with those symptoms. Among the various comorbidities, hypoglycaemia occurred more in birth asphyxia and respiratory distress syndrome. So, it should be made mandatory to do glucose monitoring in these cases. Glucose monitoring should be made as a common screening method to prevent morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units. KEYWORDS Hypoglycaemia, Pre-Term, Term, Low Birth Weight, Special New Born Care Unit, Small for Gestational Age, Large for Gestational Age
Significance of Serum Potassium Level at Admission in Organophosphorus Poisoning and Impact on Outcome - A Hospital Based Study from North East India
Authors: Difoesa Bijush , Sharma Dibya Jyoti , S Hari , Deb Dipankar
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are one of the most common cause of morbidity and mortality due to poisoning worldwide especially in agrarian countries like India. Hence it is prudent to undertake a detailed study of clinico-pathological evaluation of OP poisoning and assess the role of serum potassium as an alternative, easy and convenient prognostic indicator in estimating the severity of OP poisoning. This study was undertaken to assess serum potassium levels in patients of acute organophosphorus poisoning and determine association between serum potassium level and outcome in cases of acute organophosphorus poisoning. METHODS This was a prospective observational study conducted in Department of General Medicine, Silchar Medical College & Hospital for one year from 1st June 2019 to 31st May 2020 with a sample size of 100 after satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Peradeniya organophosphorus poisoning (POP) scale was used for categorizing study population according to severity. RESULTS Among patients who were admitted with organophosphorus poisoning, 72 % of the patients discharged were having normal serum potassium levels on admission, whereas 22 % (n = 22) patients who died had hypokalaemia at the time of admission. The chi-square value for the association between serum potassium and outcome is statistically significant [P value is 0.001 (P < 0.05)]. CONCLUSIONS The serum potassium level on the day of admission was significantly correlated with the severity of the acute organophosphate poisoning as determined by Peradeniya OP poisoning scale. The cases that had lower serum potassium levels on admission had poor outcome. Reduced serum potassium levels also had significant association with the need for ventilator support. Therefore, serum potassium can be used as a predictive marker of severity in organophosphorus poisoning. This can help in early triage of patients and will be helpful in reducing mortality and morbidity. KEYWORDS Organophosphorus Compound Poisoning, Serum Potassium, POP Scale
Students Perception of Educational Environment During Paraclinical Training in a Government Medical College in North-East India - A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Datta Abhijit , Ghosh Sayantika , Das Rituparna
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND A warm, optimally supportive, challenging, and competitive environment is widely regarded as an essential pre-requisite for best possible learning. Students’ satisfaction on educational environment influences their learning approach and outcome. The Dundee ready educational environment measure (DREEM) is a globally accepted valid tool to assess educational environment during undergraduate medical education, in which students are scored for 50 items with a total global score of 200. This study was undertaken, as there had been paucity of relevant data from north-east India, with the aim of assessing students’ perception of their educational environment in paraclinical training during second professional MBBS course. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey-based study conducted during the months of September and October, 2017 involving 168 second professional MBBS-students of third and fifth semesters of Government Medical College of north-east India. DREEM questionnaire was used to assess the educational environment, as perceived by the students, during paraclinical training. RESULTS This study showed that the mean global score involving all the domains was 119.58 ± 46.95, suggesting a ‘more positive than negative’ educational environment prevailing in the institute during paraclinical training. The individual domain scores for their - perception of learning was 29.90 ± 5.32, perception of teachers was 27.68 ± 4.13, academic self-perception was 18.96 ± 3.78, perception of atmosphere was 26.93 ± 6.40 and social self-perception was 16.11 ± 3.34, suggesting that the training was moving in right direction across all the domains of educational environment, though was not optimally perfect. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed a suboptimal perception of undergraduate medical students in all the domains of educational environment in paraclinical phase. The overall educational environment during paraclinical teaching moving in a satisfactory direction though was not excellent. Social perspectives of the educational environment need to be further improved. KEYWORDS Educational Environment, DREEM Inventory, Paraclinical Training, Students’ Perception, Global Score
Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of COVID-19 Positive Pregnant Women in Government T.D. Medical College Alappuzha
Authors: Karunakaran Lalithambica , P.S. Deepthi , T Shijini
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID 19) outbreak have evolved rapidly throughout the world. The knowledge on severe acute respiratory disease-corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in pregnant women and newborn is incomplete. Understanding the impact of COVID 19 in pregnancy in terms of morbidity mortality, perinatal and neonatal outcome is essential to propose a strategy for the management of pregnant women with COVID 19 infection. METHOD It is a prospective study of all pregnant women who have delivered in the period of April 2020 to December 2020 at Government T.D. Medical College, Alappuzha. In this study, the mode of delivery, neonatal outcome, maternal mortality, morbidity were evaluated. The outcome of pregnancies includes vaginal delivery, caesarean delivery, vacuum delivery and intrauterine fetal demise. RESULTS A total of 265 pregnant women infected with COVID 19 delivered during the period. Out of these, 49.4 % was full term caesarean delivery, 3.8 % was preterm caesarean delivery, 39.3 % was full term vaginal delivery and 4.9 % was preterm vaginal delivery. Moreover, 1.1 % of the total pregnant women had intrauterine fetal demise on admission. Among 265 new-borns, 2.3 % babies became COVID 19 positive, of this, 83.3 % were mothers who delivered within 7 days of COVID 19 infection. 0.75 % needed resuscitative emergency caesarean delivery for COVID 19 pneumonia. 0.38 % maternal mortality occurred during the period due to COVID 19 infection. CONCLUSIONS Obstetric outcome in most COVID 19 infected term pregnant patients is comparable to non-COVID 19 pregnant women except for a higher incidence of caesarean delivery. Most of the neonates who became positive were born to mothers delivered within 7 days of COVID 19 infection. Severe morbidity among COVID 19 pregnant women were seen only in a small proportion complicated by COVID 19 pneumonia, who required ventilator support. KEYWORDS COVID 19, Pregnancy, Maternal, Perinatal, Neonatal Outcome
A Study of Obstetric Intrahepatic Cholestasis and Its Maternal and Perinatal Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nagpur
Authors: Vaidya Payal Jaywant , Kumbhalwar Sumit Ashok , Vaidya Makarand Jaywant
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a multifactorial pregnancy specific liver disorder which is also known as obstetric cholestasis. The purpose of this study was to establish the value of maternal serum bile acid in diagnosis of ICP, evaluate the treatment of ICP with UDCA (ursodeoxycholic acid) and its influence on maternal and neonatal outcome. METHODS It was a cross-sectional study. 90 women diagnosed with ICP were studied for a period of 2 years and 3 months at tertiary care government hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using chi square test. ‘P’ value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant in this observational study. RESULTS The present study evaluates that ICP is more common in multigravida and in age group of 26 years – 30 years. It recurs in subsequent pregnancies significantly. Itching, most common symptom is commenced at 34 weeks ± 2.85 weeks. Transaminases were normal with elevated serum bile acid levels in 32.33 % cases. The mean gestational age at delivery ranged between 35 to 39 weeks. Most common mode of delivery is lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) with commonest indication as meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and 31 babies required neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). CONCLUSIONS Precise diagnosis, follow up, target medication and active management is required. Although maternal outcome for patients is good and without any long-term sequelae, fetal outcome can be devastating. Active management with close antenatal surveillance of the fetus is usually recommended for better perinatal outcome. KEYWORDS Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP), Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA), Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS)
Clinico-Radiological Study of Odontogenic Cysts in Mandibular Region from Agartala, Tripura
Authors: Goswami Amit Lal , Saha Manik
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND Most common osseous destructive lesions effecting the jawbone are odontogenic cystic lesions, which are lined by epithelium, has been involved in the formation of teeth as the epithelial cell rest are present in jawbone after teeth formation. The three most common odontogenic cysts (OCs) are radicular cyst (RC), dentigerous cyst (DC) and the odontogenic keratocyst (OKC). Less common variety is the residual cyst. Odontogenic cysts are mainly developmental and inflammatory in origin. The objective of the present study was to find clinico-radiographic characteristics of odontogenic cysts in the mandible. METHODS This was a case series (descriptive) study on OCs of mandible conducted at Tripura Medical College and Dr BRAM Teaching Hospital, Hapania, Agartala, Tripura (W), India, over a period of 6 months from August 2019 to January 2020. Subjects showing clinico-radiographic features of OCs in mandible were included, subsequently confirmed by histopathological examinations. Usually orthopantomograms (OPGs) and intra oral peri apical radiograph (IOPAs) were done for radiological findings, computed tomography (CT) scan was required for examination of the size of lesion. Data were analysed using windows excel. RESULTS Diagnosis of OCs was confirmed in 20 patients, among them, males were (60 %) and female were (40 %). The age range of the patients was 17 - 65 years. Most common type of cyst diagnosed in the study was radicular cyst in 50 % cases followed by dentigerous cysts which were in 30 % cases, odontogenic keratocysts were in 15 % patients and others were 5 %. RCs were represented in higher percentage (50 %). Right side of mandible was the most effected side (60 %) than left side (40 %). Main finding of the study was, in every type of cystic lesions, males were recorded as predominant, and it occurred in early age group. CONCLUSIONS Main finding of the study was radicular cyst which was in higher percentage (50 %) and was being most common with association of carious tooth. KEYWORDS Odontogenic Cysts, Mandible, Finding
Tierra por votos. Adjudicación de baldíos durante la República Liberal, 1930-1946
Authors: Sánchez Torres Fabio , Torres Alvarado Pilar , Villaveces Niño Marta Juanita
Published: September 2021

¿Es posible que el gobierno de turno reparta tierras baldías para premiar a los electores y aumentar el apoyo electoral? Los gobiernos utilizan mecanismos distributivos para obtener réditos electorales. Este trabajo analiza la relación entre la adjudicación de baldíos y las elecciones de 1930 a 1946 –cuando el partido liberal se consolidó como fuerza electoral– mediante un modelo de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios que incluye más de 600 municipios. Los resultados muestran que la adjudicación de baldíos favoreció a municipios liberales, aunque no está asociada con mayorías electorales del partido liberal en 1946.
Influence of VAT Incentives on Financial Performance of Manufacturing Companies in Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Gideon , Gitau Robert , Kung’u James
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of VAT incentives on financial performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study focused on all manufacturing companies registered under Kenya Association of Manufacturers. The null hypothesis of the study was that there is no statistically significance association between VAT incentives and financial performance of manufacturing companies in Kenya. Descriptive survey research design was adopted where a sample of 211 respondents was selected from a target population of 447 manufacturing firms using stratified random sampling technique. The study collected data for a period covering 10 years, which was from 2009 to 2018. The targeted respondents were the accountants and officers in senior management. The response rate on the questionnaires issued was 73.5%. Both descriptive and inferential data analysis was carried out. The data failed in the test of normality and so the study applied ordinal regression analysis for the determination of the model. The findings of the study revealed that VAT incentives had statistically significant influence on financial performance of manufacturing companies in Kenya; hence, null hypothesis was rejected at 0.05 level of significance. The study concluded that influence of VAT incentives leads to improvement in financial performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. Hence, VAT incentives are key to financial performance of manufacturing companies. The study therefore recommended that the management of manufacturing companies should utilize VAT incentives that are offered by the government, and the government should review the VAT policy so as to widen the gap on VAT incentives.
Advanced Strategies in Bulked Segregant Analysis and its Applications
Authors: Hilli Harshavardan J.
Published: September 2021

Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) is a technique used to identify genetic markers associated with a mutant phenotype and is a quick method for identifying markers in particular genome regions. The paper focussed on Advanced methods which escape the requirement of genotyping all the individuals of the mapping population and generation of high-density linkage maps for mapping of the gene for the trait of interest. With the emergence of re-sequencing techniques, quick mapping of genes has become possible with reduced time and cost by using advanced methodologies like MutMap, MutMap+, MutMap-Gap, QTL-Seq, RNAseq BSA, NGS BSA and QTG seq. The procedure for various advanced BSA strategies has been described.
Effect of Urea-molasses Multinutrient Block Supplementation on Productive and Reproductive Performance of Rural Buffalo Farms
Authors: Nimbalkar Vidya , Verma H.K. , Singh Jaswinder
Published: September 2021

Background: Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) have an immense importance in rural economy by virtue of their high production potential as triple purpose animal. Application of scientific technologies can further lead to significant productivity enhancement in buffaloes. Hence, the study was aimed to investigate adoption and effect of urea-molasses multinutrient block (UMMB) supplementation on buffalo productivity in rural areas of Punjab, India. Methods: An expost-facto research design was employed to collect data from selected buffalo farmers (N-501) through personal interview by using pretested research instrument. Based on the response, the buffalo farms were categorized as technology adopter farms (TAF) and non-adopter farms (TNAF). The effect of UMMB supplementation on productivity was evaluated by considering various productive and reproductive parameters of buffaloes. Both parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were employed to analyse the data by using SPSS software. Result: The results indicated that the buffalo farms (36.93%; 185/501) following an additional supplementation with UMMB had significantly (p less than 0.05) higher average daily milk yield per animal and lowered values of all reproductive parameters. This has proved the viability of UMMB technology at buffalo farms in study area. The study revealed that the technology plays valuable role in buffalo productivity enhancement, hence should be recommended to the government and propagated through vigorous activities at grass-root level to improve adoption.
DESIGN SISTÊMICO E INVENTÁRIO DO CICLO DE VIDA VISANDO UM APERFEIÇOAMENTO METODOLÓGICO
Authors: Senna Gabriel de Melo , Teixeira João Vitor Souza , Monteiro Larissa Arêdes , Viana Adson Pinheiro Queiroz , Pêgo Kátia Andréa Carvalhaes , Pereira Andréa Franco
Published: September 2021

O presente estudo teve como objetivo a associação entre a metodologia do Design Sistêmico (DS) e o método de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) a fim de permitir a geração de resultados que possam contribuir para práticas eficientes de conservação ambiental. Foi realizado o Inventário do Ciclo de Vida de um sistema de biodigestão no contexto de uso extrativista do fruto da macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) no território do Serro-MG. No sistema examinado, constatou-se que a implantação do biodigestor não se apresenta como opção sustentável, pois a quantidade de outputs gerados no território se mostra insuficiente para alimentá-lo, mantendo-o em sua capacidade máxima de funcionamento. Porém, a associação entre o DS e a ACV indica que uma análise articulada, envolvendo métodos qualitativos e quantitativos, com movimento contínuo de aproximação (zoom-in) e de consideração do todo (zoom-out), pode auxiliar na estruturação de sistemas mais favoráveis à sustentabilidade.