bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retreatment of a recurrent giant aneurysm of the internal carotid artery after treatment with a flow-diverting stent
Authors: Kim Ginam , Kim Junhyung , Park Sang Kyu , Chung Joonho
Published: October 2022

Flow-diverting stents (FDSs) have proven advantageous for the treatment of large, fusiform, and dissecting aneurysms that are otherwise difficult to treat. Retreatment strategies for recurrent large or giant aneurysms after FDSs are limited to overlapping implantation of an additional FDS or definitive occlusion of the parent vessel. We report a recurrent giant aneurysm that was initially treated with an FDS with coils and was successfully treated with an additional FDS. Visual symptoms due to the mass effect of the recurrent aneurysm were completely resolved, and follow-up digital subtraction angiography revealed complete obliteration of the aneurysm. Additional FDS implantation for the retreatment of incompletely occluded aneurysms after the initial FDS treatment may be feasible and safe. Further studies are required to validate these results.
Quantum correlation measure based on min relative entropy for two-partition and k-partition
Authors: Li Jun-Qing , Huang Li , Cui Shi-Jie , Wang Yin-Zhu ,   School of Applied Sciences, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Published: October 2022

As a peculiar resource of quantum mechanics, quantum correlation has been applied to many aspects. In quantum information processing and quantum computing, the quantum correlation plays an extremely important role, and it has been a subject of further studies, principally due to the general belief that it is a fundamental resource for different quantum information processing tasks. In addition, correlation measure is a very important physical quantity in studying the quantum correlation. A well-defined correlation measure needs to have some necessary properties. By proving these necessary properties, we can deepen our understanding of correlation measure. As one of the key concepts of quantum information theory, relative entropy is always used to measure the uncertainty contained in the state of physical system. In order to better understand the properties and applications of correlation measure based on relative entropy, in this paper, according to the properties of the min relative entropy, we give the quantum correlation measure based on min relative entropy for two-partition and k-partition. Furthermore, we prove that it satisfies some necessary properties of quantum correlation measures, including the nonnegativity, the invariance under local unitary operators, and the monotonicity under completely positive trace-preserving. By proving these properties, we show that the given correlation measure is well-defined. Security of communication has received much attention since ancient times. In today's society, the internet, instant messaging and e-commerce applications are all related to the information security, and the information security is related to the vital interests of everyone. The information encryption is one of the important methods to ensure information security. As an important way to ensure information security, quantum channel has received more and more attention. At the end of the paper, we introduce the concept of quantum channel, and discuss the influence of quantum channel on the correlation measure based on min relative entropy under k-partition. By proposing a new correlation measure and proving the effect quantum channel on the measure, we can better describe the uncertainty contained in the state of physical system.
A spatiotemporal reconstruction of the C. elegans pharyngeal cuticle reveals a structure rich in phase-separating proteins
Authors: Kamal Muntasir , Tokmakjian Levon , Knox Jessica , Mastrangelo Peter , Ji Jingxiu , Cai Hao , Wojciechowski Jakub W , Hughes Michael P , Takács Kristóf , Chu Xiaoquan , Pei Jianfeng , Grolmusz Vince , Kotulska Malgorzata , Forman-Kay Julie Deborah , Roy Peter J
Published: October 2022

How the cuticles of the roughly 4.5 million species of ecdysozoan animals are constructed is not well understood. Here, we systematically mine gene expression datasets to uncover the spatiotemporal blueprint for how the chitin-based pharyngeal cuticle of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is built. We demonstrate that the blueprint correctly predicts expression patterns and functional relevance to cuticle development. We find that as larvae prepare to molt, catabolic enzymes are upregulated and the genes that encode chitin synthase, chitin cross-linkers, and homologs of amyloid regulators subsequently peak in expression. Forty-eight percent of the gene products secreted during the molt are predicted to be intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), many of which belong to four distinct families whose transcripts are expressed in overlapping waves. These include the IDPAs, IDPBs, and IDPCs, which are introduced for the first time here. All four families have sequence properties that drive phase separation and we demonstrate phase separation for one exemplar in vitro. This systematic analysis represents the first blueprint for cuticle construction and highlights the massive contribution that phase-separating materials make to the structure.
Therapeutic resistance in acute myeloid leukemia cells is mediated by a novel ATM/mTOR pathway regulating oxidative phosphorylation
Authors: Park Hae J , Gregory Mark A , Zaberezhnyy Vadym , Goodspeed Andrew , Jordan Craig T , Kieft Jeffrey S , DeGregori James
Published: October 2022

While leukemic cells are susceptible to various therapeutic insults, residence in the bone marrow microenvironment typically confers protection from a wide range of drugs. Thus, understanding the unique molecular changes elicited by the marrow is of critical importance toward improving therapeutic outcomes. In this study, we demonstrate that aberrant activation of oxidative phosphorylation serves to induce therapeutic resistance in FLT3 mutant human AML cells challenged with FLT3 inhibitor drugs. Importantly, our findings show that AML cells are protected from apoptosis following FLT3 inhibition due to marrow-mediated activation of ATM, which in turn upregulates oxidative phosphorylation via mTOR signaling. mTOR is required for the bone marrow stroma-dependent maintenance of protein translation, with selective polysome enrichment of oxidative phosphorylation transcripts, despite FLT3 inhibition. To investigate the therapeutic significance of this finding, we tested the mTOR inhibitor everolimus in combination with the FLT3 inhibitor quizartinib in primary human AML xenograft models. While marrow resident AML cells were highly resistant to quizartinib alone, the addition of everolimus induced profound reduction in tumor burden and prevented relapse. Taken together, these data provide a novel mechanistic understanding of marrow-based therapeutic resistance and a promising strategy for improved treatment of FLT3 mutant AML patients.
Description of the new species Sigambra nkossa (Annelida, Pilargidae), with an analysis of the distribution patterns of polychaetes associated with artificially hydrocarbon-enriched bottoms
Authors: Martin Daniel , Gil João , Chaineau Claude-Henri , Thorin Sébastien , Le Gall Romain , Dutrieux Eric
Published: October 2022

The monitoring of the N’Kossa offshore oil and gas fields in the Republic of Congo allowed us to assess the ecological traits of two polychaete species belonging to Sigambra (Annelida, Pilargidae). Sigambra parva occur in very low densities in all bottoms, except the most impacted, where it is totally absent; it is an undescribed species that reached >4,000 ind/m2 in hydrocarbon-enriched sediments. Their distribution patterns are compared with those of other polychaetes, showing a range of affinities for hydrocarbon-enriched sediments in the N’Kossa region. Our results suggest that S. parva would be a representative of the original local fauna, while the species associated with artificial hydrocarbon-enriched sediments, including the other Sigambra, six more polychaetes and a bivalve, could be natively associated with natural hydrocarbon-enriched sediments, using the former as alternative habitats and as dispersal stepping stones. This ecological segregation, together with a careful morphological and morphometric analyses led us to describe the latter as a new species, namely Sigambra nkossa sp. nov. Moreover, morphometric analysis allowed us to discuss on the taxonomic robustness of the key morphological characters of S. nkossa sp. nov., as well as to emend the generic diagnosis of Sigambra to accommodate the new species.
Learning about the meanings of ambiguous words: evidence from a word-meaning priming paradigm with short narratives
Authors: Blott Lena M. , Hartopp Oliver , Nation Kate , Rodd Jennifer M.
Published: October 2022

Fluent language comprehension requires people to rapidly activate and integrate context-appropriate word meanings. This process is challenging for meanings of ambiguous words that are comparatively lower in frequency (e.g., the “bird” meaning of “crane”). Priming experiments have shown that recent experience makes such subordinate (less frequent) word meanings more readily available at the next encounter. These experiments used lists of unconnected sentences in which each ambiguity was disambiguated locally by neighbouring words. In natural language, however, disambiguation may occur via more distant contextual cues, embedded in longer, connected communicative contexts. In the present experiment, participants (N = 51) listened to 3-sentence narratives that ended in an ambiguous prime. Cues to disambiguation were relatively distant from the prime; the first sentence of each narrative established a situational context congruent with the subordinate meaning of the prime, but the remainder of the narrative did not provide disambiguating information. Following a short delay, primed subordinate meanings were more readily available (compared with an unprimed control), as assessed by responses in a word association task related to the primed meaning. This work confirms that listeners reliably disambiguate spoken ambiguous words on the basis of cues from wider narrative contexts, and that they retain information about the outcome of these disambiguation processes to inform subsequent encounters of the same word form.
Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study
Authors: Gandhi Namita , Shah Nimisha , Wahjuningrum Dian Agustin , Purnomo Sweetly , Nooshian Riana , Arora Suraj , Pawar Ajinkya M.
Published: October 2022

Background

The efficacy of 2% lignocaine is reduced in a hot tooth. Local aesthetic agents can be preheated and buffered to increase their effectiveness. The present investigation was carried out due to limited information concerning adult patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular teeth.

Methods

A total of 252 individuals were included in the clinical trial in accordance with the selection criteria only after clinical study was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2020/09/027796). Scores on the visual analog scale (VAS) and electric pulp test (EPT) on a 1–10 scale were recorded prior to the commencement of therapy. In this double-blinded study, patients were randomly divided by a co-investigator using computer randomisation (www.randomizer.org) into three groups, group A: inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB) with 2% lignocaine preheated at 42 °C (injected at 37 °C) (N = 84), group B: IANB of 2% lignocaine buffered with 0.18 ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (N = 80) and group C: 2% lignocaine (N = 88). Excluding the dropouts of individuals (n = 11), wherein the anaesthesia failed, a total of 241 people were finally assessed 15 minutes after profound anaesthesia, endodontic access, and intraoperative pain were quantified using VAS. Pain on injection for all three groups was recorded immediately after IANB with VAS. The analysis was performed using one way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test and Paired T-Test using SPSS version 21.

Results

Preheated, Buffered, and conventional 2% lignocaine showed statistically significant reduction in intraoperative pain (P < 0.001) compared to pre-operative but on inter-group comparison preheated and buffered showed highly significant pain reduction compared with conventional 2% lignocaine (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Warm and buffered local anaesthetic (LA) were effective in reducing intraoperative discomfort than conventional LA. Preheated local anesthetics caused the least pain, followed by buffered local anesthetics, while conventional local anesthetics caused the most pain.
Evaluación de métodos de pronóstico EVM/ES en proyectos de construcción hospitalaria
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico, Durón González Flavio R. , Rivas Tovar Luis Arturo ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional. ESCA-Santo Tomás. Mexico, Cárdenas Tapia Magali ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional. ESCA-Santo Tomás. Mexico
Published: October 2022

The objective is to evaluate 22 time and 12 cost forecasting methods based on Earned Value (EVM/ES) under three assumptions of future performance and in terms of the opportunity, accuracy, and stability of the forecasts. Little attention has been paid in the literature to future performance assumptions and evaluation under these parameters. Method: A total of 6,951 entry data points were used applying statistical measures of error and dispersion based on empirical evidence from 34 hospital construction projects in Mexico. Findings: Using contractor payment estimates as Actual Cost (AC), the more predictive time forecasting methods are those under the assumption that future performance will be as planned and, for cost, under the SPI(t) Schedule Performance Index. Relevance: The research shows the conditions under which the diverse methods offer timely and realistic predictions to be used as a reference in the monitoring and control of hospital construction projects. The limitation of the research consists of using durations and costs from completed projects without considering the possible changes formalized in contractual modifications throughout project’s execution. Future research using EVM/ES input data from the project owner's perspective is suggested.
The use of geostatistics to estimate missing data in a spatial econometric model of housing prices
Authors:   Universidad de Granada (España), Tamaris Turizo I. , Chica Olmo J. ,   Universidad de Granada Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos Spain, Cano Guervos R. ,   Universidad de Granada (España)
Published: October 2022

Housing prices have been the subject of many studies, and some of them have tried to determine the influencing structural and location factors through hedonic econometric models. One of the main factors considered in the literature on real estate appraisals is the location of the dwellings. For this reason, this study combines the spatial methodologies of geostatistics and spatial econometrics. On the one hand, this work uses geostatistics to estimate missing data to account for the lack of information in the sampled real estate websites. On the other hand, the explanatory factors of prices are determined through spatial econometrics. The combination of both methods facilitates estimating housing prices in Santa Marta (Colombia), solving the problem of missing data. In the modeling, the problems of spatial heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity are corrected. This combination of methods could be of great interest to company ies and public agencies related to real estate activity, which is sustained by the information available on these real estate websites.
Evaluation of Cardiometabolic Markers in Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Case-control Study
Authors: Arpitha MR , Dinesh HN , Sreenivas N , Meera S , Lokesh MG , Jayaram Shubha
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram negative bacterium that naturally colonises the gastric epithelium and causes chronic gastritis. H. pylori infection affects gastric physiology and alters the lipid metabolism pathways. Highsensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) is a useful marker for risk assessment of future cardiovascular events. Many studies have proposed a link between cardiometabolic markers like lipid profile and hs-CRP with H. pylori infection but very limited studies are available to explain the effect of H. pylori infection on these cardiometabolic markers. Aim: To analyse the cardiometabolic markers (lipid profile, and hs-CRP) in H. pylori infection. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted from November 2018 to June 2019 in the Department of Biochemistry in association with the Department of Surgery, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India, 50 cases and 50 control subjects were enrolled. Fasting Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), Very Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDL-C), hs-CRP and atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) were analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test. Results: The gender distribution was almost same in the two groups. The mean age in the case group was 47.34±12.08 years, while that in the control group was 46.2±14.8 years. There was an increase in TC, LDL, VLDL, and TG in cases`, but it was not statistically significant. Serum HDL level was 34.59±9.79 mg/ dL, and 41.62±10.29 mg/dL for cases and controls respectively and it was statistically significant. hs-CRP level was significantly increased in the case group (5.51±4.59 mg/L) when compared to the control (2.63±2.0 mg/L). AIP was also significantly high in the cases (0.246±0.219) than the controls (0.106±0.22). Conclusion: Significant decrease in HDL and increase in hsCRP levels in cases show evidence of dyslipidaemia and atherogenic risk. hs-CRP also showed a significant correlation with AIP. Hence, these cardiometabolic markers may have a role in identifying individuals at higher risk for cardiovascular diseases in cases.
ROLE OF AYURVEDA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: . Shruti , Adiga Manjunatha. , Pady Amritha E.
Published: October 2022

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular junction disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness with fatigue. The underlying defect in diseases is a decrease in the number of available acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at postsynaptic neuromuscular junctions due to the binding of autoantibody at acetylcholine receptors. The most commonly and firstly affected muscles are those of the eyes, i.e., ocular muscles leading to drooping of eyelids because of more availability of receptors in less surface area of muscle, later leads to symptoms like difficulty in swallowing leading to (dysphagia), Difficulty to speak (dysarthria), other skeletal muscles fatigability etc. In Ayurveda, we cannot correlate to any particular diseases, but it can be understood in view of upahata dhatu ushma, srotas and marutha, respectively, leading to avarana to the normal functioning of vata. The present study was conducted to determine the efficacy of Ayurvedic management in Myasthenia gravis. In this paper, a case of 47 years old female who was diagnosed with myasthenia gravis (MG) with autoimmune hypothyroidism for 13 years was reported to complain of drooping of eyelids, pain and stiffness at the nape of the neck and bilateral shoulder joints, disturbed sleep, reduced appetite, with occasional diplopia, dysphagia, which got aggravated for six months, hence she approached OPD of SKAMCH&RC, Bengaluru. Considering the signs and symptoms patient was treated on the line of kaphavruta vata, and by considering urdwajatrugata lakshana shirodhara, greevabasti along with nasya line of treatment was adopted, and when a patient got relief in her symptoms, and she was wanted to continue her treatment hence virechana was adopted for sroto shodhanartha. Treatment shows significant improvement in her symptoms without any side effects.
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL STUDY ON TILA UPANAHA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SANDHIGATA VATA
Authors: O Dharshana Krishnan , BS Praveen
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Sandhigata vata is one of the vata vyadhi. Snehana and svedana are the commonly prescribed treatments for this. Upanaha sveda is a variety of svedana especially indicated in managing various vata vyadhi with pain and stiffness as presenting symptoms. A previous study on Atasi (Linum usitatissimum) upanaha in managing knee osteoarthritis showed an encouraging outcome. Tila (Sesamum indicum Linn) is a variety of svedopaga dravya, and tila taila (sesamum oil) is considered best in managing vata diseases. Aim: This clinical study will evaluate the efficacy of tila upanaha and atasi upanaha to ascertain the better. Materials and methods: 20 patients fulfilling the diagnostic and inclusion criteria of either sex was selected in each group. Upanaha was done for seven days. Findings were recorded in research performa on the 4th day and 7th day. Follow-up was done on the 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th days. Results: Tila upanaha sveda showed a highly significant
ROLE OF AYURVEDA IN PRECONCEPTION CARE: A REVIEW
Authors: Ganguly Sonali
Published: October 2022

In recent years, there has been an increased focus on preconception care to promote the health of prospective parents and their progenies. The fast-changing and modernized lifestyle have brought in a host of diseases which causes infertility, recurrent abortions, congenital anomalies etc. Ayurveda gives great importance to the preparation of both partners before conception, both physically and mentally. It also ensures in improvement and promotion of maternal and fetal outcomes, thereby reducing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality rates. The study's rationale is to throw light on preconception care through Ayurveda and hence create awareness about the Ayurvedic way of life in preventing various lifestyle disorders and promoting reproductive health in both partners.
IMPORTANCE OF AYURVEDIC DANT DHAWAN VIDHI IN ORAL HYGIENE AND ORO – DENTAL DISEASES IN COMPARISON WITH MODERN METHODS: REVIEW STUDY
Authors: Mule Chandrashekhar N. , Chavan Swapnil K
Published: October 2022

In Ayurveda, Dantdhawan vidhi is routine work in Dinacharya, including Dantdhawan, Jivhanirlekhan, Kawal, Gandush etc., to maintain oral hygiene. Similarly, modern methods include Tooth Brushing, Gargles etc., which help keep the mouth clean and free of disease. Ayurveda gives importance to a thorough Dant Dhawan vidhi in the early morning, while modern medicine provides a general guideline of brushing teeth twice a day after meals. Both methods give importance to cleaning teeth, interdental cleaning and gums hygiene. This article provides a brief knowledge of oral hygiene in Oro Dental disease in view of Ayurveda and Modern methods.
Bioactives and Pharmacology of Acacia Nilotica: A Review
Authors: Bhupathyraaj Mullaicharam , Halligudi Nirmala , Sayigh Fatma Abdul Razak Al , Hakkak Marwa
Published: October 2022

This review article aims to provide details on the primary phytochemicals found in Acacia and its numerous pharmacological activities. For those working on the creation of new pharmaceutical products, this review is helpful.
Effect of Ripening Stage on Biochemical Composition of Seeds from three Species of Canavalia spp Consumed as Protein Substitutes in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Kouakou Ahouran Adjo Sylvie , Konan Hubert Kouassi , Cisse Mariame , Kouadio Eugène Jean Parfait , Kouame Patrice Lucien
Published: October 2022

Aims: The present study was aimed at investigating the nutritional properties of legume-seeds from Canavalia genus as a function of their ripening stage.

Methodology: Seeds of three species of canavalia seeds notably Canavalia gladiata, Canavalia ensiformis and Canavalia rosea were obtained from an experimental plot located in Bouaké area’s (7°41′00″ N, 5°01′59″ W) in Côte d’Ivoire. The seeds of these three species were collected at different ripening stages. The seeds were sun dried and ground to obtain the crude flour. Chemical composition and functional properties were investigated using standard methods while amino acid profiles were performed by using HPLC analytical methods.

Results: Results reveal that the profiles of nutrients in the three Canavalia species varied as a function of ripening stages. The highest fat (3.27 ± 0.01 %), protein (33.20 ± 0.17), fibre (7.51 ± 0.06 %), ash (6.67 ± 0.01 %) and total sugar (25.40 ± 0.05 %) contents were obtained at the last ripening stage. All the legume-seeds investigated are excellent sources of proteins mainly consisting of high amounts of essential amino acids such as lysine (100.23 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), leucine (103.51 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), valine (83.68 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), methionine (27.36 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), tryptophan (74.32 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), cysteine (44.24 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), isoleucine (63.61 ± 0.04 mg/g protein), threonine (40.22 ± 0.04 mg/g protein) and histidine (17.76 ± 0.04 mg/g protein). As regards mineral contents of these seeds, they were higher at penultimate ripening stage and, they partially meet dietary allowance of infants.

Conclusion: These seeds could be ranked as protein rich food for human and then, used as valuable substitutes for meat or fish.
Screening of Aggregatum Onion Varieties for Sodicity Tolerance
Authors: Vetrivel M. , Amutha R. , Kalarani M. K. , Paramaguru P. , Rajanbabu V.
Published: October 2022

Sodicity is a major factor affects crop growth and productivity at global level. In the cultivablel and at global level, 23% is affected by salinity and 37% land by sodicity. Two seed propagating aggregatum onion varieties (CO 5, CO 6) and two bulb propagating aggregatum onion varieties (Permbalurlocal, thuraiyurlocal) were screened by employing germination test in an osmatic solution of NaHCO3 (Sodium bicorbanate). Three Replications of 20 seeds of each variety were counted and distributed over two layers of paper towel (21x21 cm) previously moistened with water equivalent to three times the dry weight of the paper and tied both ends with rubber band and kept in a plastic tray with different concentrations (0, 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM, 40 mM, 50 mM) of NaHCO3 (sodium bicorbanate). Also another bulb propagated varieties, perambalur and thuraiyur local varieties bulb directly sown in beaker have 1.5 kg sand. Control beaker irrigated with only water and other beakers irrigated with different concentrations (25 mM, 50 mM, 75 mM and 100 mM) of sodium bicarbonate solution. Germination percentage was recorded 7 days after. At the end of the 21th day,in four aggregatumonion varieties where final germination per cent, root length, shootlength, vigourindex, stresstolerant index, relative water content and membrane stability index, were recorded in NaHCO3 solution as against the distilled water was calculated. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized design with two factors. As a result a decline in all onion growth paramers, with increasing sodicity stress has been recorded. Significant differences were observed betweenthe varieties and different NaHCO3 concentrations. Irrespective of NaHCO3 concentrations two seed propagating aggregatum onion varieties, CO 6 recorded significantly maximum stress tolerant indexcompare with CO 5 and two bulb propagating aggregatum onion varieties, Thuraiyur local variety recorded significantly maximum stress tolerant index compare with Perambalur local in all sodicity concentation. Based on stress tolerant index, CO 6 and thuraiyur local variety tolerant to sodicity stress and CO5, perambalurlocal variety susceptible to sodicity stress.
Genetic Variability and Interrelationship in Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes for Grain Yield and Yield Component Characters
Authors: Rani M. Prasanna , Anusha C. R. , Lavanya G. Roopa , Kiran M. Sai
Published: October 2022

An experiment was conducted including 20 genotypes of maize during Kharif season of 2020-21. All characters under study showed highly significant variation. High values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for the characters like anthesis and silking interval, grain yield per plant, biological yield, number of grains per row, number of grain rows per cob, harvest index and ear height. Biological yield per plant, plant height, grain yield per plant, ear height and harvest index showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance suggesting their importance for direct selection. Number of cobs per plant, ear length, number of grains per row, 100 grain weight, harvest index, biological yield exhibited significant positive association with grain yield per plant. Highest direct positive effect on yield per plant was observed for harvest index followed biological yield, number of cobs per plant, anthesis and silking interval. Thus priority should be given to these characters during selection for maize yield improvement.
Study of Correlation and Path Analysis in Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits
Authors: Nikhil A. , Lal Gaibriyal M. , Lavanya G. Roopa , Yajavathi C.
Published: October 2022

The current study was designed to estimate correlation coefficients and investigate the direct and indirect effects of various yield contributing traits on seed yield in twenty greengram genotypes. The experiment was carried out during Kharif 2021 in a randomized block design with three replications. Correlation studies among the characters revealed that seed yield per plant has highly positive and significant association with characters like plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of primary branches, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, no. of seeds per pod, pod length, biological yield per plant, harvest index both at phenotypic and genotypic levels, depicting that these are important yield contributing traits. Path coefficient analysis of various quantitative traits indicated that the number of seeds per pod, biological yield per plant, harvest index and seed index had the positive direct effect on seed yield per plant followed by plant height and number of primary branches exhibited the negative direct effect on seed yield per plant in greengram. Their correlation with seed yield was likewise noteworthy and favourable, demonstrating a real and flawless correlation between these features. Therefore, identifying high-yielding genotypes from a population with substantial segregation would be aided by direct selection for these traits.
Ethical Climate and Job Satisfaction via Mediating Role of Organisational Commitment (Case Study: Tutors in Ghana)
Authors: Amoah Samuel Obed , Acheampong Henry Yaw , Adjei Edwin , Britwum Francis
Published: October 2022

Aims: Ethical climate is one of the vital features shaping intra-organisational relationships and tutors attitudes, thereby having an influence on organisational outcomes. Therefore, understanding the relationships among ethical climate, job satisfaction and organisational commitment is an important research area that needs to be researched. The main purpose of the study was to examine ethical climate and job satisfaction via mediating role of organisational commitment among College of Education tutors in Ghana.

Study Design: The descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed in the study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out from 2019 to 2020, among College of Education tutors in Ghana.

Methodology: The quantitative approach with the positivist paradigm was adopted for the study. A total of 250 participants through a multistage sampling procedures (proportionate and simple random sampling) were used in the study. Ethical climate questionnaire, job satisfaction scale and organisational commitment questionnaire were adapted and used in the study. Validation of the instruments were carried out using Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results: The results revealed that ethical climate was a substantial predictor of job satisfaction, [b = 1.11; SE = .009; Boot95%CI (.1.091, 1.128)]. The result discovered that a surge in ethical climate would lead to 1.11 increase in job satisfaction. The results again, showed that the direct effect of organisational commitment on job satisfaction was statistically significant, B = 1.108, Boot95%CI [1.090, 1.127]. Further, with the introduction of organisational commitment, the indirect effect of ethical climate on job satisfaction was not statistically significant, B = .0011, Boot95%CI [-.0011, .0043]. This suggests that organisational commitment does not mediates the relationship between ethical climate and job satisfaction.

Conclusion: This study confirms the relationship between ethical climate and job satisfaction among tutors in the Colleges of Education. When the ethical climate of tutors increases the likelihood tutors would be satisfied with their teaching job.
Aspects of nursing care in front of sexual and gender minorities: literature review / Aspectos dos cuidados de enfermagem frente as minorias sexuais e de gênero: revisão da literatura
Authors: Leite Maria Amanda Pereira , de Aragão Nara Lícia de Souza Maria , Melo Tailane Tavares de , Souza Ana Laura , Gonçalves Isabella de Sousa , Patrício Anna Cláudia Freire de Araújo
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: descrever cuidados de enfermagem frente às minorias sexuais e de gênero com base em revisão da literatura. Método: pesquisa de revisão da literatura realizada nos meses de julho a outubro do ano 2021, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, especificamente nas bases: MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF, IBECS e PubMed/Medline, com amostra de 93 artigos. Resultados: os cuidados de enfermagem as minorias sexuais e de gênero devem incluir: conhecer, implementar e ter políticas públicas, protocolos, encaminhamentos e fluxos bem estabelecidos, resolutivos e não discriminatórios, facilitando o acesso a todos os níveis de atendimento à saúde; criar um ambiente acolhedor, seguro e inclusivo em todos os ambientes do serviço de saúde; criar grupos de apoio abordando saúde, direitos, empreendedorismo, educação; notificar e assistir a vítima de violência; ensinar, capacitar e treinar profissionais/estudantes de enfermagem. Considerações finais: a enfermagem deve estar capacitada para atender de forma respeitosa, humana e livre de julgamentos. DESCRITORES: Minorias sexuais e de gênero; Cuidados de enfermagem; Padrões na Prática de Enfermagem; Populações vulneráveis.
Extended Follow-up of Microbiome Therapeutic SER-109 Through 24 Weeks for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection in a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Cohen Stuart H. , Louie Thomas J. , Sims Matthew , Wang Elaine E. L. , Memisoglu Asli , McGovern Barbara H. , von Moltke Lisa
Published: October 2022

This study examines adverse events and durability of response of SER-109, an investigational microbiome therapeutic comprised of purified Firmicutes spores, compared with placebo for Clostridioides difficile infection.
Implications of Telepsychiatry for Cost, Quality, and Equity of Mental Health Care
Authors: Blanco Carlos , Wall Melanie M. , Olfson Mark
Published: October 2022

This Viewpoint discusses overlapping challenges to multiple stakeholders as telepsychiatry continues to expand.
Population-Based Estimates of 1-Year Mortality After Major Surgery Among Community-Living Older US Adults
Authors: Gill Thomas M. , Vander Wyk Brent , Leo-Summers Linda , Murphy Terrence E. , Becher Robert D.
Published: October 2022

Importance

Despite their importance to guiding public health decision-making and policies and to establishing programs aimed at improving surgical care, contemporary nationally representative mortality data for geriatric surgery are lacking.

Objective

To calculate population-based estimates of mortality after major surgery in community-living older US adults and to determine how these estimates differ according to key demographic, surgical, and geriatric characteristics.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Prospective longitudinal cohort study with 1 year of follow-up in the continental US from 2011 to 2018. Participants included 5590 community-living fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries, aged 65 years or older, from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). Data analysis was conducted from February 22, 2021, to March 16, 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Major surgeries and mortality over 1 year were identified through linkages with data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Data on frailty and dementia were obtained from the annual NHATS assessments.

Results

From 2011 to 2017, of the 1193 major surgeries (from 992 community-living participants), the mean (SD) age was 79.2 (7.1) years; 665 were women (55.7%), and 30 were Hispanic (2.5%), 198 non-Hispanic Black (16.6%), and 915 non-Hispanic White (76.7%). Over the 1-year follow-up period, there were 206 deaths representing 872 096 survey-weighted deaths and 13.4% (95% CI, 10.9%-15.9%) mortality. Mortality rates were 7.4% (95% CI, 4.9%-9.9%) for elective surgeries and 22.3% (95% CI, 17.4%-27.1%) for nonelective surgeries. For geriatric subgroups, 1-year mortality was 6.0% (95% CI, 2.6%-9.4%) for persons who were nonfrail, 27.8% (95% CI, 21.2%-34.3%) for those who were frail, 11.6% (95% CI, 8.8%-14.4%) for persons without dementia, and 32.7% (95% CI, 24.3%-41.0%) for those with probable dementia. The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios for 1-year mortality were 4.41 (95% CI, 2.53-7.69) for frailty with a reduction in restricted mean survival time of 48.8 days and 2.18 (95% CI, 1.40-3.40) for probable dementia with a reduction in restricted mean survival time of 44.9 days.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study, the population-based estimate of 1-year mortality after major surgery among community-living older adults in the US was 13.4% but was 3-fold higher for nonelective than elective procedures. Mortality was considerably elevated among older persons who were frail or who had probable dementia, highlighting the potential prognostic value of geriatric conditions after major surgery.
Electrical Switching of Nematic Plasmonic Nanocolloids for Infrared Solar Gain Control
Authors: Ghosh Souvik , Smalyukh Ivan
Published: October 2022

Controlling solar gain is essential to reduce the energy consumption by residential and commercial buildings, which are responsible for ≈40% of all energy generated globally. However, the dynamic control of solar gain in the near‐infrared that corresponds to ≈50% of the overall Sun's energy at the Earth's surface, separately from the visible spectral range has been a challenge, albeit commercial coatings provide passive control while retaining highly visible transmission. To address this problem, in this paper switchable silver colloids (SSCs) are demonstrated, colloidal analogs of the common silver coatings used for solar gain control. When dispersed in a nematic liquid crystal, orientations of such plasmonic silver nanoplates are controlled by ≈1 V low‐voltage electric fields, allowing for sub‐second switching of the near‐infrared‐based solar gain. Installed and retrofit products made from thin films of such nanoplate dispersions confined between glass and plastic substrates, respectively, exhibit electrically controlled infrared‐based solar gain while retaining high visible‐range transparency, low haze, and high color rendering index. This study's findings reveal a great potential of soft‐matter systems in addressing energy‐related problems.
SRSF5‐Mediated Alternative Splicing of M Gene is Essential for Influenza A Virus Replication: A Host‐Directed Target Against Influenza Virus
Authors: Li Qiuchen , Jiang Zhimin , Ren Shuning , Guo Hui , Song Zhimin , Chen Saini , Gao Xintao , Meng Fanfeng , Zhu Junda , Liu Litao , Tong Qi , Sun Honglei , Sun Yipeng , Pu Juan , Chang Kin‐Chow , Liu Jinhua
Published: October 2022

Splicing of influenza A virus (IAV) RNA is an essential process in the viral life cycle that involves the co‐opting of host factors. Here, it is demonstrated that induction of host serine and arginine‐rich splicing factor 5 (SRSF5) by IAV facilitated viral replication by enhancing viral M mRNA splicing. Mechanistically, SRSF5 with its RRM2 domain directly bounds M mRNA at conserved sites (M mRNA position 163, 709, and 712), and interacts with U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) to promote M mRNA splicing and M2 production. Mutations introduced to the three binding sites, without changing amino acid code, significantly attenuates virus replication and pathogenesis in vivo. Likewise, SRSF5 conditional knockout in the lung protects mice against lethal IAV challenge. Furthermore, anidulafungin, an approved antifungal drug, is identified as an inhibitor of SRSF5 that effectively blocks IAV replication in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, SRSF5 as an activator of M mRNA splicing promotes IAV replication and is a host‐derived antiviral target.
Sn‐Based Perovskite Halides for Electronic Devices
Authors: Chowdhury Towhid H. , Reo Youjin , Yusoff Abd Rashid Bin Mohd , Noh Yong‐Young
Published: October 2022

Because of its less toxicity and electronic structure analogous to that of lead, tin halide perovskite (THP) is currently one of the most favorable candidates as an active layer for optoelectronic and electric devices such as solar cells, photodiodes, and field‐effect transistors (FETs). Promising photovoltaics and FETs performances have been recently demonstrated because of their desirable electrical and optical properties. Nevertheless, THP's easy oxidation from Sn2+ to Sn4+, easy formation of tin vacancy, uncontrollable film morphology and crystallinity, and interface instability severely impede its widespread application. This review paper aims to provide a basic understanding of THP as a semiconductor by highlighting the physical structure, energy band structure, electrical properties, and doping mechanisms. Additionally, the key chemical instability issues of THPs are discussed, which are identified as the potential bottleneck for further device development. Based on the understanding of the THPs properties, the key recent progress of THP‐based solar cells and FETs is briefly discussed. To conclude, current challenges and perspective opportunities are highlighted.
Integrative Serum Metabolic Fingerprints Based Multi‐Modal Platforms for Lung Adenocarcinoma Early Detection and Pulmonary Nodule Classification
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhang Mengji , Pan Xufeng , Zhao Mingna , Huang Lin , Hu Xiaomeng , Wang Xueqing , Qiao Lihua , Guo Qiaomei , Xu Wanxing , Qian Wenli , Xue Tingjia , Ye Xiaodan , Li Ming , Su Haixiang , Kuang Yinglan , Lu Xing , Ye Xin , Qian Kun , Lou Jiatao
Published: October 2022

Identification of novel non‐invasive biomarkers is critical for the early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), especially for the accurate classification of pulmonary nodule. Here, a multiplexed assay is developed on an optimized nanoparticle‐based laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry platform for the sensitive and selective detection of serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs). Integrative SMFs based multi‐modal platforms are constructed for the early detection of LUAD and the classification of pulmonary nodule. The dual modal model, metabolic fingerprints with protein tumor marker neural network (MP‐NN), integrating SMFs with protein tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) via deep learning, shows superior performance compared with the single modal model Met‐NN (p < 0.001). Based on MP‐NN, the tri modal model MPI‐RF integrating SMFs, tumor marker CEA, and image features via random forest demonstrates significantly higher performance than the clinical models (Mayo Clinic and Veterans Affairs) and the image artificial intelligence in pulmonary nodule classification (p < 0.001). The developed platforms would be promising tools for LUAD screening and pulmonary nodule management, paving the conceptual and practical foundation for the clinical application of omics tools.
In Situ Assembly of Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework on Metal–Organic Framework: An Effective Strategy for Constructing Core–Shell Hybrid Photocatalyst
Authors: Wang Jianli , Mao Yifan , Zhang Runze , Zeng Yanli , Li Changsheng , Zhang Bingjie , Zhu Jianhui , Ji Jiawen , Liu Desheng , Gao Rumin , Ma Yongqiang
Published: October 2022

The hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) have rarely been considered for photocatalytic application, given their weak stability and low activity. One presumably effective strategy to improve the photocatalytic performance of the HOFs is to produce a core–shell composite by fabricating a particular nanostructure using stable HOFs. To this end, the surface‐functionalized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are used as the host matrix to support the in situ assembly and subsequent multisite growth of the stable HOFs. MOF@HOF eventually obtains core–shell hybrids, i.e., NH2‐UiO‐66@DAT‐HOF. This newly synthesized core–shell nanostructure exhibits excellent stability and superb photocatalytic performance. For example, in terms of tetracycline degradation, the optimal composite presents an apparent reaction rate constant of 60.7 and 7.6 times higher than its parent materials NH2‐UiO‐66 and DAT‐HOF. Such a pronounced enhancement in photocatalytic efficiency of the hybrid material is attributed to the broader visible‐light utilization range compared to its individual parent material as well as the efficient separation of charge carriers supported by the S‐scheme heterojunction. In addition, it is particularly notable that the photocatalytic efficiency of the yielded core–shell nanostructure can remain high after several‐cycle applications. This work provides a universal scheme for synthesizing the MOF@HOF core–shell hybrids.
Globefish‐Inspired Balloon Catheter with Intelligent Microneedle Coating for Endovascular Drug Delivery
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxuan , Cheng Yi , Liu Rui , Zhao Yuanjin
Published: October 2022

Balloon catheters exhibit important values in treating cardiovascular diseases, while their functions are still under improvements. Here, inspired by the thorn‐hiding and deflating–inflating characteristics of globefish, intelligent balloon catheters decorated with invisible microneedles are presented for endovascular drug delivery to inhibit postintervention restenosis (PIRS). These microneedle balloon catheters (MNBCs) fabricated by dipping and rolling‐assisted template replication contain three coating layers of sandwiched drug‐carrying microneedles and black phosphorus (BP)‐carrying gelatin. During the emplacement, the microneedles of MNBCs are hidden under the outermost gelatin protective layer, allowing smooth movements inside the blood vessel. After reaching the destination, the embedded BP converts near infrared (NIR) into heat, increases local temperature, and melts the gelatin layer, enabling the exposure and vascular penetration of the microneedles. Besides, as the innermost gelatin also melts, the microneedles can detach from the balloon catheter and be left inside the blood vessel for continuous drug release. Based on advantages of responsiveness, penetration capacity, and biosafety, it is demonstrated that the MNBCs behave satisfactorily in delivering rapamycin to inhibit abdominal aorta restenosis in rats. All these features indicate that these MNBCs are promising medical devices for clinical applications.