bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bacterial Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mordecai James , Al-Thukair Assad , Musa Musa M. , Ahmad Irshad , Nzila Alexis
Published: November 2024

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is the leading oil-exploring and -exploiting country in the world. As a result, contamination of the environment by petroleum products (mainly hydrocarbons) is common, necessitating strategies for their removal from the environment. Much work has been conducted on bacterial degradation of hydrocarbons in the KSA. This review comprehensively analyzed 43 research investigation articles on bacterial hydrocarbon degradation, mainly polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) within the KSA. More than 30 different bacterial genera were identified that were capable of degrading simple and complex PAHs, including benzo[a]pyrene and coronene. Different strategies for selecting and isolating these bacterial strains and their advantages and disadvantages were highlighted. The review also discussed the origins of sample inocula and the contributions of various research groups to this field. PAH metabolites produced by these bacteria were presented, and biochemical pathways of PAH degradation were proposed. More importantly, research gaps that could enrich our understanding of petroleum product biodegradation mechanisms were highlighted. Overall, the information presented in this paper will serve as a baseline for further research on optimizing bioremediation strategies in all petroleum-contaminated environments.
Temporal Activity and Distribution of the Invasive Mosquitoes Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus in the Zagreb Area, Croatia
Authors: Klobučar Ana , Kavran Mihaela , Petrinić Sunčica , Curman Posavec Marcela
Published: November 2024

Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus are invasive mosquito species that are causing great public concern. Aedes albopictus have successfully spread in Croatia, established in both the coastal and continental parts of the country, while Aedes japonicus is invading temperate climate areas. The invasive Aedes species are particularly attracted to the black plastic water containers and flower vases in cemeteries where they oviposit their eggs. Therefore, monitoring of this species was carried out in 12 cemeteries in Zagreb, using ovitraps with masonite strips as a substrate for oviposition. The monitoring was carried out from 2017 to 2020. The traps were inspected and the substrate was replaced every two weeks. This study showed that these two invasive species were present and very abundant in the cemeteries. In the case of Ae. albopictus, a higher population density and a greater number of occupied cemeteries were detected. This species was identified in all 12 cemeteries. Aedes albopictus was identified as the dominant species at all study sites. The spread of Ae. japonicus increased during 2018 in comparison to the previous year. Although this species was present in approximately 9% of the ovitraps, the observed population remained consistent throughout the course of the study. The findings indicate that cemeteries can be considered as significant public health hotspots, as the invasive Aedes mosquitoes tend to develop and reproduce in such environments. Consequently, the mosquito population of these two invasive species may only be reduced by applying integrated mosquito management measures, focused on the education of citizens.
Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System
Authors: Pavlov Dmitry , Dolgakov Ivan
Published: November 2024

Physical properties of the Sun (orientation of rotation axis, oblateness coefficient J2⊙, and change rate of the gravitational parameter μ˙⊙) are determined using a dynamical model describing the motion of the Sun, planets, the Moon, asteroids, and Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). Among the many kinds of observations used to determine the orbits and physical properties of the bodies, the most important for our study are precise interplanetary ranging data: Earth–Mercury ranges from MESSENGER spacecraft and Earth–Mars ranges from Odyssey and MRO. The findings allow us to improve the model of the Sun in modern planetary ephemerides. First, the dynamically determined direction of the Sun’s pole is ≈2° off the visible axis of rotation of the Sun’s surface, which is corroborated by present knowledge of the Sun’s interior. Second, the change rate of the Sun’s gravitational parameter is found to be smaller (in absolute value) than the nominal value derived from the estimate of mass loss through radiation and solar wind. Possible interpretations are discussed.
Impact of Different Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccine Schemes in Cross-Neutralization Against Heterologous Serotype O Strains in Cattle
Authors: Miraglia María Cruz , Barrios-Benito Melanie , Galdo-Novo Sabrina , Bucafusco Danilo , Taffarel Ana , Capozzo Alejandra Victoria , Borca Manuel Victor , Pérez-Filgueira Daniel Mariano
Published: November 2024

The high antigenic variability of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) represents a challenge for developing prophylactic strategies, stressing the need for research into vaccines offering broad protection against a range of virus strains. Here, the heterotypic cross-reaction using different vaccine schemes against serotype O strains was studied, evaluating the impact of revaccination, antigen dose, and incorporation of additional FMDV serotypes. Naïve cattle were immunized with seven distinct FMDV vaccines, receiving three doses of the same formulation at 0, 28, and 56 days post-primary vaccination (dpv). Serum samples were collected up to 70 dpv and tested by a virus-neutralizing test against serotype O strains from a South American lineage and two strains representative of two Asian lineages. Our results showed that vaccines containing the ME-SA topotype O1/Campos strain developed cross-neutralizing responses against the two Asian viruses after the first vaccination. In contrast, significant heterotypic neutralizing antibody titers against the homologous topotype strain were only found after the second vaccination, indicating that the phylogenic relationship may differ from the antigenic profiles for these two viruses. The amount of the O1/Campos strain and the revaccination were essential factors for neutralization against the homologous- and heterologous-type O FMDV viruses. The strain composition of the vaccine was only relevant for cross-neutralization against one of the Asian strains, suggesting potential intra-serotypic divergences for this pattern.
PANoptosis Regulation in Reservoir Hosts of Zoonotic Viruses
Authors: Chandra Anantika , Kesavardhana Sannula
Published: November 2024

Zoonotic viruses originating from reservoir hosts, such as bats and birds, often cause severe illness and outbreaks amongst humans. Upon zoonotic virus transmission, infected cells mount innate immune responses that include the activation of programmed cell death pathways to recruit innate immune cells to the site of infection and eliminate viral replication niches. Different inflammatory and non-inflammatory cell death pathways, such as pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, and PANoptosis can undergo concurrent activation in humans leading to mortality and morbidity during zoonosis. While controlled activation of PANoptosis is vital for viral clearance during infection and restoring tissue homeostasis, uncontrolled PANoptosis activation results in immunopathology during zoonotic virus infections. Intriguingly, animal reservoirs of zoonotic viruses, such as bats and birds, appear to have a unique immune tolerance adaptation, allowing them to host viruses without succumbing to disease. The mechanisms facilitating high viral tolerance in bats and birds are poorly understood. In this perspective review, we discuss the regulation of PANoptotic pathways in bats and birds and indicate how they co-exist with viruses with mild clinical signs and no immunopathology. Understanding the PANoptotic machinery of bats and birds may thus assist us in devising strategies to contain zoonotic outbreaks amongst humans.
EMSIG: Uncovering Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination Across Different Subgroups Characterized by Embedding-Based Spatial Information Gain
Authors: Yue Zongliang , McCormick Nicholas P. , Ezeala Oluchukwu M. , Durham Spencer H. , Westrick Salisa C.
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: COVID-19 and its variants continue to pose significant threats to public health, with considerable uncertainty surrounding their impact. As of September 2024, the total number of deaths reached 8.8 million worldwide. Vaccination remains the most effective strategy for preventing COVID-19. However, vaccination rates in the Deep South, U.S., are notably lower than the national average due to various factors. Methods: To address this challenge, we developed the Embedding-based Spatial Information Gain (EMSIG) method, an innovative tool using machine learning techniques for subgroup modeling. EMSIG helps identify subgroups where participants share similar perceptions but exhibit high variance in COVID-19 vaccine doses. It introduces spatial information gain (SIG) to screen regions of interest (ROI) subgroups and reveals their specific concerns. Results: We analyzed survey data from 1020 participants in Alabama. EMSIG identified 16 factors encompassing COVID-19 hesitancy and trust in medical doctors, pharmacists, and public health authorities and revealed four distinct ROI subgroups. The five factors, including COVID-19 perceived detriment, fear, skepticism, side effects related to COVID-19, and communication with pharmacists, were commonly shared across at least three subgroups. A subgroup primarily composed of Democrats with a high flu-shot rate expressed concerns about pharmacist communication, government fairness, and responsibility. Another subgroup, characterized by older, white Republicans with a relatively low flu-shot rate, expressed concerns about doctor trust and the intelligence of public health authorities. Conclusions: EMSIG enhances our understanding of specific concerns across different demographics, characterizes these demographics, and informs targeted interventions to increase vaccination uptake and ensure equitable prevention strategies.
Hepatitis B Virus-Related Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hospital Discharge Rates from 2005 to 2021 in Spain: Impact of Universal Vaccination
Authors: Domínguez Angela , Avellón Ana , Hernando Victoria , Soldevila Núria , Borràs Eva , Martínez Ana , Izquierdo Conchita , Torner Núria , Pericas Carles , Rius Cristina , Godoy Pere
Published: November 2024

Background: The main consequences of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), both associated with frequent hospitalization. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of universal HBV vaccination in Spain on chronic HBV-related hospital discharges from 2005 to 2021. Methods: Using data from the Minimum Basic Data Set of the Spanish National Health System, we calculated the hospital discharge rate ratio (HDRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) values for chronic HBV-related discharges between 2005 and 2021. For comparative purposes, we calculated the HDRR and 95% confidence interval (CI) values for the early (2005–2013) and later (2014–2021) periods and the vaccinated compared with unvaccinated cohorts for the 20–39 age group. Results: The hospital discharge rate per 1,000,000 people was 3.08 in 2005 and 4.50 in 2021 for HCC, and 4.81 in 2005 and 1.92 in 2021 for cirrhosis. Comparing the early and later periods, values were higher for HCC (HDRR 1.13; 95% CI: 1.06–1.20) and lower for cirrhosis (HDRR 0.56; 95% CI: 0.51–0.60). The rate for the 20–39 age group was lower for the vaccinated compared with the unvaccinated cohorts overall (HDRR 0.53; 95% CI: 0.45–0.62), for HCC (HDRR 0.66; 95% CI: 0.53–0.82), and for cirrhosis (HDRR 0.41; 95% CI: 0.33–0.53). Conclusions: This study describes the important impact, after 25 years, of universal HBV vaccination in Spain: cirrhosis hospital discharge rate was reduced, and the vaccinated cohorts, compared with the unvaccinated cohorts in the 20–39 age group, had a lower hospital discharge rate of both HCC and cirrhosis.
The Clinical Application of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Canine Masses of Mesenchymal and Epithelial Origin: A Preliminary Case Series
Authors: Cho Chang-Hyeon , Kim Jaehwan , Eom Kidong
Published: November 2024

Evaluating masses of mesenchymal and epithelial origin accurately using computed tomography (CT) has several limitations in dogs. This study aimed to present dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters to aid in improving the diagnostic accuracy for masses of mesenchymal and epithelial origin in veterinary medicine. Four dogs diagnosed with benign and malignant soft tissue sarcoma (STS), cholesteatoma, or squamous cell carcinoma underwent CT, conventional MRI, and DCE-MRI. Ktrans is a quantitative DCE-MRI parameter representing vascular permeability and tissue perfusion and is related to the potential for malignancy. Hemangiopericytomas (Grade II, STS) showed a higher Ktrans than normal muscle tissue and myxosarcoma (Grade I, STS). Squamous cell carcinoma (a malignant epithelial tumor) also showed a higher Ktrans than normal muscle tissue and cholesteatoma (a mass originating from keratinized squamous epithelium). These results suggest that higher Ktrans values may indicate a greater likelihood that a lesion is more malignant. In conclusion, Ktrans might be useful as a biomarker for evaluating the malignancy of a mass and as an indicator of lesion characteristics in dogs.
Impact of the Draft Plate on the Wall Erosion and Flow Field Stability of a Cyclone Separator
Authors: Zhang Yida , Zhang Xiaodong , Gao Yanjiao
Published: November 2024

Cyclone separators are commonly employed in the mining, metallurgy and chemical industries due to their simple structure, easy maintenance and high recovery efficiency. However, with the wide application of cyclone separators, many problems have become exposed in their practical operation, restricting their development. Among these, wall erosion is becoming a significant problem. In this study, to resolve the problem of severe erosion on the walls, the Eulerian–Lagrangian framework was employed to investigate a cyclone separator with a draft plate at the inlet and to evaluate the effect of a draft plate with angles of 0°, 45° and 90° on the degree of erosion and the stabilization of flow fields. Moreover, after verifying the reliability of the numerical model via data from experiments, the characteristics of gas–solid flow were analyzed and the effects of the new structure on the degree of wear were investigated. The results demonstrated that unfavorable phenomena such as secondary flow and wall erosion generated during the operation could be mitigated by the draft plate. When the plate angle was 90°, the wall erosion was the lightest and the range of influence of the secondary flow was the smallest. When the plate angle was 45°, the comprehensive performance was the best, and there was a better balance between the energy loss and the degree of wall erosion. Therefore, the presence of the draft plate has a significant impact on the interaction of gas–solid phases in a cyclone separator.
Drought Characterization Using Multiple Indices over the Abbay Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Gemeda Dessalegn Obsi , Bejaoui Béchir , Farhat Nasser , Dejene Indale Niguse , Fufa Eticha Soreti , Girma Tadelu , Ejeta Tadesse Mosissa , Jabana Gamachu Biftu , Tufa Gadise Edilu , Mamo Marta Hailemariam , Alo Zera Kedir , Chalchisa Fedhasa Benti , Amanuel Jale , Disassa Getachew Abeshu , Kumsa Diribe Makonene , Mekonen Lidiya Dereje , Beyene Elfenesh Muleta , Bortola Gudetu Wakgari , Wagari Meseret , Nemera Ayantu Habtamu , Tamiru Habtamu , Dehu Dereje Hinew , Yusuf Hasen M. , Diba Diriba , Tadesse Solomon Tulu , Moisa Mitiku Badasa
Published: November 2024

Analyzing agricultural and hydrological drought at different timescales is essential for designing adaptation strategies. This study aimed to assess agricultural and hydrological drought in the Abbay Basin of Ethiopia by using multiple indices, namely the standardized precipitation index (SPI), standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), vegetation condition index (VCI), and drought severity index (DSI). Climate extremes were assessed over the Abbay Basin between 1981 and 2022. The results indicate that the years 1982 and 2014 were the most drought-prone, while the year 1988 was the wettest year in the Abbay Basin. The results revealed the presence of extremely dry and severely dry conditions, potentially impacting agricultural output in the region. Agricultural drought was identified during the main crop seasons (June to September). The VCI results indicated the presence of extremely wet and severely wet conditions. In 2012, 65% of the area was affected by extreme drought conditions, while nearly half of the Basin experienced extreme drought in 2013 and 2022. The DSI results indicated the occurrence of agricultural drought, although the spatial coverage of extreme dry conditions was lower than that of the other indices. In 2003, 78.49% of the Basin experienced moderate drought conditions, whereas severe drought affected 20% of the region. In 2010, about 90% of the Basin experienced moderate drought. This study provides valuable insights for agricultural communities, enabling them to mitigate the impact of drought on crop yields by utilizing different adaptation strategies. An adequate knowledge of agricultural and hydrological drought is essential for policymakers to assess the potential effects of drought on socioeconomic activities and to recognize the significance of implementing climate change adaptation measures.
Adsorption Removal of Organophosphates from Water by Steel Slag: Modification, Performance, and Energy Site Analysis
Authors: Wu Wei , Nie Yiming , Wang Zhixin , Huang Tianyin , Xu Xiaoyi , Liu Hanhan , Li Peirong , Wu Bingdang
Published: November 2024

Organophosphates are a type of emerging environmental contaminant, which can be removed effectively by adsorption. Here, modified steel slag was examined for its adsorptive performance in the removal of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP) from water. Compared to acid (55.3%, maximum removal rate) and base (85.5%) modification, high-temperature modification (90.6%) significantly enhanced steel slag’s adsorption capacity for HEDP, surpassing that of unmodified slag (71.2%). Kinetic analyses elucidated a two-phase adsorption process—initial rapid adsorption followed by a slower equilibrium phase. The results of adsorption energy analysis showed that modified steel slag preferentially occupied the sites with higher energy, which promoted the adsorption. After five regeneration cycles, the adsorption properties of the material were not significantly reduced, which indicates that the material has good application potential. Microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, including SEM-EDS, FTIR, and XPS, were employed to uncover the surface chemistry and structural changes responsible for the enhanced adsorption efficiency. The adsorption mechanism of HEDP on steel slag is a complete process guided by hydrogen bonding interactions, strengthened surface complexation, and optimized ligand exchange. This study advances the sustainable utilization of industrial waste materials and contributes significantly to the development of innovative water treatment technologies.
Multi-Step Ahead Water Level Forecasting Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Sharafkhani Fahimeh , Corns Steven , Holmes Robert
Published: November 2024

Stream gauge height (water level) is a significant indicator for forecasting future floods. Flooding occurs when the water level exceeds the flood stage. Predicting imminent floods can save lives, protect infrastructure, and improve road traffic management and transportation. Deep neural networks have been increasingly used in this domain due to their predictive capabilities in capturing complex features and interdependencies. This study employs four distinct models—Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), transformer, and LSTNet—with MLP serving as the baseline model to forecast water levels. The models are trained using data from 20 distinct river gages across the state of Missouri to ensure consistent performance. Random search optimization is employed for hyperparameter tuning. The prediction intervals are set at 4, 6, 8, and 10 (each interval equivalent to 30 min) to ensure that performance results are robust and not due to random weight initialization or suboptimal hyperparameters and are consistent throughout different prediction intervals. The findings of this study indicate that the LSTNet model leads to a better performance than the other models, with a median RMSE of 0.00724, 0.00959, 0.01204, and 0.01230 for the 4, 6, 8, and 10 intervals, respectively. As climate change leads to localized storms driven by atmospheric shifts, water level fluctuations are becoming increasingly extreme, further exacerbating data drift in real-world datasets. The LSTNet model demonstrates superior performance in terms of RMSE, MAE, and the correlation coefficient across all prediction intervals when forecasting water levels under data drift conditions.
Study on the Fine Characterization of Spatial Distribution and Predictive Modeling of Remediation of Site Pollution
Authors: Yang Jun , Wei Caijie
Published: November 2024

The present study focuses on a site contaminated with halogenated hydrocarbons, utilizing a detailed inventory of contamination data to achieve the precise characterization of groundwater pollution. Employing MOFLOW-2000 software, a groundwater flow model was established for the study area. In conjunction with MT3DMS, a predictive model was constructed to simulate and forecast the spatiotemporal distribution of contaminant migration and attenuation following site remediation. The simulation area was delineated based on geographical features, with the vertical simulation range of strata also determined. To establish a hydrogeological conceptual model for the target remediation site, comprehensive hydrogeological data were collected, encompassing geological structures, hydrological parameters, and rainfall information. Model calibration was based on the six layers of low-permeability aquifer intervals revealed by geological exploration wells MW1–5, as well as the distribution of groundwater-level contours and rainfall data. Based on data from September 2010, an initial three-dimensional model of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) distribution was generated. Subsequently, a solute transport model for PCE was established, incorporating various enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) remediation strategies applied at different times and locations. Calibration against actual monitoring data revealed the presence of unmonitored dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) at the site, contributing to the continuous release and elevation of PCE concentrations. By accounting for DNAPL release, the calibrated transport and attenuation model closely matched observed concentration decay patterns, effectively capturing the actual dynamics of contaminant transport and attenuation within the groundwater system. The modeling approach proposed in this study provides important support for contamination remediation and attenuation at the current site, and it is also applicable to simulating and predicting pollution scenarios at similar sites.
Analyzing New Quality Productive Forces in New Energy Vehicle Companies Based on a New Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Model
Authors: Hua Guozhen , Zeng Fanlong , Sun Huaping
Published: November 2024

Assessing the new quality productive forces (NQPF) of new energy vehicle (NEV) companies is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of the NEV industry. This paper systematically evaluated and analyzed the NQPF of Chinese listed NEV companies from 2018 to 2022 using a novel multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) model. To address limitations in traditional MCDA models, such as unbalanced weight distribution, insufficient ranking differentiation, and incomplete identification of key influencing factors, this study introduced a new model, IDOCRIW-PROBID (integrated determination of objective criteria weights—preference ranking on the basis of ideal-average distance). First, an evaluation index system tailored to NEV companies’ NQPF was developed. Then, the IDOCRIW method was used to objectively assign weights to the indicators, enhancing the scientific rigor of the weight distribution. The PROBID method was employed to rank companies based on their NQPF, identifying differences between them. Additionally, an obstacle degree model was introduced to analyze key influencing factors, compensating for the traditional MCDA model’s limitations in this regard. The results showed, first, that the proposed IDOCRIW-PROBID model has a high degree of consistency with the classical Entropy-TOPSIS (technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution) model in terms of ranking the results (correlation coefficient = 0.91), and that IDOCRIW-PROBID offers higher differentiation compared to other MCDA models, validating its reliability and superiority. Second, during the study period, the development levels of NQPF in Chinese listed NEV companies varied significantly, with most companies at a low level of development and showing a downward trend, indicating that companies face considerable challenges in improving their NQPF. Third, the obstacle degree analysis revealed that R&D lease fees, R&D depreciation and amortization, and direct R&D investment were the primary factors hindering NQPF growth. This research provides theoretical support and decision-making insights for strategic optimization in NEV companies and informs government policy formulation.
Adaptive Path-Tracking Control Algorithm for Autonomous Mobility Based on Recursive Least Squares with External Condition and Covariance Self-Tuning
Authors: La Hanbyeol , Oh Kwangseok
Published: November 2024

This paper introduces an adaptive path-tracking control algorithm for autonomous mobility based on recursive least squares (RLS) with external conditions and covariance self-tuning. The advancement and commercialization of autonomous driving necessitate universal path-tracking control technologies. In this study, we propose a path-tracking control algorithm that does not rely on vehicle parameters and leverages RLS with self-tuning mechanisms for external conditions and covariance. We designed an integrated error for effective path tracking that combines the lateral preview distance and yaw angle errors. The controller design employs a first-order derivative error dynamics model with the coefficients of the error dynamics estimated through the RLS using a forgetting factor. To ensure stability, we applied the Lyapunov direct method with injection terms and finite convergence conditions. Each regression process incorporates external conditions, and the self-tuning of the injection terms utilizes residuals. The performance of the proposed control algorithm was evaluated using MATLAB®/Simulink® and CarMaker under various path-tracking scenarios. The evaluation demonstrated that the algorithm effectively controlled the front steering angle for autonomous path tracking without vehicle-specific parameters. This controller is expected to provide a versatile and robust path-tracking solution in diverse autonomous driving applications.
Medienbildung in international vergleichender Perspektive
Authors: Grafe Silke
Published: November 2024

Ziel des Beitrags ist es, Handlungsmöglichkeiten für die Durchführung international vergleichender Forschungsvorhaben zur Medienbildung aufzuzeigen und auf damit zusammenhängende Chancen und mögliche Herausforderungen aufmerksam zu machen. Auf dieser Basis werden Schlussfolgerungen gezogen, die Anregungen für eine international vergleichende Medienpädagogik als Basis für einen internationalen Dialog zwischen Medienpädagog:innen in Wissenschaft und Praxis geben sollen. (DIPF/Orig.)
Transformative Lehrkräftebildung für eine chancengerechte Schulpraxis im digitalen Zeitalter. Aktuelle Bestandsaufnahme und mögliche Stellschrauben
Authors: Schulze Johanna , Eickelmann Birgit
Published: November 2024

In einer Zeit, in der Bildungsinstitutionen auf digitale Technologien angewiesen sind, um eine chancengerechte Schulpraxis zu gewährleisten, stellt sich die Frage nach einer Lehrkräftebildung, die diesen Anforderungen gerecht werden kann. Ihre Relevanz wird durch Studien betont, die fortwährend eine starke Kopplung von (sozialer) Herkunft und Bildungserfolg aufzeigen. Der Beitrag nimmt diesbezüglich eine Bestandsaufnahme der Lehrkräftebildung vor und leitet mögliche Stellschrauben für zukunftsfähige Entwicklungen ab. (DIPF/Orig.)
Die Rolle von Medien beim informellen Lernen im Arbeitskontext
Authors: Schaper Niclas
Published: November 2024

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Rolle digitaler Medien beim informellen Lernen im Arbeitskontext und dem dazu vorhandenen Forschungsstand. Nach einem kurzen Überblick zu Konzepten des arbeitsbezogenen informellen Lernens ohne Medienbezug wird die Rolle von digitalen Medien beim arbeitsbezogenen informellen Lernen diskutiert. Dabei werden Funktionen digitaler Medien im informellen Lernprozess, die dabei genutzten Strategien und Bedingungen für das Gelingen des Lernens besprochen. (DIPF/Orig.)
A prospective analysis of the distribution of diseases of the oral mucosa in the “pre-covid” and COVID-19 periods
Authors: Kamishnikova I.O. , Zaporozhskaya-Abramova E.S. , Adamchik A.A. , Dorogan V.V. , Tairov V.V. , Risovannaya O.N.
Published: November 2024

Over the past decades, cases of diseases of the oral mucosa (MSM) and the red border of the lips (RLB) have become significantly more frequent, and the severity of the course of diseases has increased markedly. Some diseases of SOP are prone to relapses, their treatment is not always successful. These diseases often lead to serious complications, including malignant ones. The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus infection was also one of the reasons that influenced the increase in the volume and variety of manifestations of MSM diseases.
The purpose. To study the structure of MSM diseases in the “pre-epidemic” period and against the background of the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19.
Material and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the therapeutic and prophylactic department of the clinic of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. As part of the consultation, 988 patients with various diseases of MSM were examined from 2018 to 2022. The most common nosological forms of MSM diseases were identified. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – patients examined during the “pre-covid” period and group 2 – patients examined during the COVID-19 pandemic. All patients underwent the generally accepted methods of examination in the clinic (collection of complaints, anamnesis, examination of the litter, palpation). According to the indications, the presence of galvanism phenomena in the mouth (in the presence of orthopedic structures) was determined, bacterioscopic examination was performed and, in some cases, mainly for differential diagnosis, cytological examination and examination of the mucous membrane in the rays of a Wood lamp.
Results and discussion. Analyzing the data obtained, we concluded that the overall increase in the number of patients who applied for MSM diseases in 2020-2022 increased the number of young patients aged 20 to 35 years. In the structure of diseases, the number of patients with such diseases as lichen planus (RLP), desquamative glossitis and glossalgia has increased. In the structure of dental lesions, cases of combined pathology of MSM diseases have become more frequent.
Conclusions. In the complex of diagnostic studies of patients with MSM disease on the background of a coronavirus infection, in addition to a standard examination, it is necessary to introduce a general clinical examination by specialists such as a gastroenterologist, immunologist, neurologist, psychotherapist, dermatologist and others. Based on the etiology and clinic of MSM diseases in this category of patients, in addition to the prescribed generally accepted treatment regimens, it is necessary to prescribe drugs with effects on the autonomic and central nervous systems, as well as drugs that restore the intestinal and oral microflora.
The influence of increased content of Fe and Mn in drinking water of Tyumen on the development of dental diseases
Authors: Belyanovskaya A. , Zlobina A.N.
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes literature data on the incidence of dental caries in Tyumen residents and its potential connection with the geochemical background – the presence of Fe, Mn anomalies in river and groundwater in the region.
It is shown that the average incidence of dental caries in children and adolescents in Tyumen is the highest compared to other large cities in Russia.
Data on the increased content of Fe, Mn in the waters of the Tura River and groundwater in the region (up to 5 TLV) are presented. The mechanisms of the entry of Fe, Mn ions from water into the human body and their replacement of Ca in apatite, which forms hard dental tissue, are discussed, which can lead to the development of dental caries.
Conclusions are made on the need to adapt preventive dental measures taking into account the ecological and geochemical characteristics of the region.
Autolesiones en jóvenes universitarios sobrevivientes del suicidio
Authors: Bolaños-López Marly , Hurtado-Ordoñez Liceth
Published: November 2024

Self-injurious behaviors often arise as an attempt to regulate emotions and temporarily alleviate emotional and social pain, potentially leading to suicidal attempts over time—a complex phenomenon that demands a profound and diverse understanding of intense emotional distress and an urgent need for help and support. Thus, this article aimed to explore self-injurious experiences in survivors of suicide attempts during university years through a systematic review methodology using the PRISMA protocol, identifying and critically evaluating the quality of 24 studies spanning a period from 2003 to 2024, using keywords such as self-injury, non-suicidal self-injury, university students, adolescents, young adults, and others in databases like Web of Science, Redalyc, and Dialnet. It was found that self-injurious experiences in university students include cuts, burns, blows, pinches, falls, bites, scratches, and more, resulting from depression, anxiety, stress, impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, avoidant coping styles, psychoactive substance use, bullying, academic pressure, history of violence, existential void, fatalistic attitudes, low self-esteem, cognitive rumination, family dysfunction, negative sexual experiences, and more. The above reveals that these experiences require specialized management that includes institutional and family care and support protocols, encompassing emotional, social, and personal factors, which implies the creation of early intervention programs, continuous psychological support, and awareness campaigns to reduce the stigma associated with self-injury and suicide.
Radon Gazının Gayrimenkul Değerine Etkisinin Araştırılması, Farklı Ülkelerde Radon Gazı Çalışmaları ve Politikaları, Türkiye’de Uygulanabilirliği
Authors: Çolakgil Doğan , Tanrivermiş Yeşim
Published: November 2024

Durağan ve radyoaktif bir gaz olan radon, radyumun radyoaktif bozunması ile oluşmaktadır. Radon; akciğer dokusunda hasar ve dolayısıyla zamanla kanser gibi sağlık sorunlarına yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışma Türkiye’de radon gazının gayrimenkul ilişkisini gayrimenkulün değerine etkisini araştıran ilk çalışmadır. Farklı ülkelerde radon gazı ile gayrimenkul ilişkisi ve Türkiye’de uygulanabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın temelindeki yatan konu ise Türkiye’de Dünyadaki örneklerine kıyasla radon ile ilgili mukayese yapabilmektir. Ayrıca, çalışma radonun sağlık açısından da ciddi riskler taşıdığını ve radon seviyelerinin düşürülmesi için önlemlerin alınmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de radon gazı ölçümlerinin yapılması, gayrimenkul ilişkisi ve uygulanabilirliği konularını ele almakta ve gayrimenkul sektöründe faaliyet gösterenler ve yatırımcılar için radon seviyelerini dikkate almalarının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucu, radon gazı seviyesinin artışı ile gayrimenkulün değerinin ters orantılı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Dünyadaki bazı devletlerin Türkiye’ye kıyasla radon gazının insan sağlığına olan zararlarının araştırılması, radon gazının ölçülmesi, gerekli tedbir ve önlemler için planlar yapılması, halkın bilinçlendirilmesi ve farkındalıklarının arttırılması konularında çok daha ciddi planlamalar gerçekleştirdikleri ve bu planlamalar doğrultusunda eylemlerde bulundukları ve bu eylemlerin sonuçlarını istatiksel olarak açıkladıkları anlaşılmıştır. Türkiye için yapılması gerekenler, önlemler ve durumun ciddiyetini anlatan bir çalışma sunulmuştur. Çalışmamızın amaçlarından biride radona olan bakış açısını farklı boyutlara taşımaktır. Yapmış olduğumuz öneriler ve çıkarımlar başka çalışmalara konu olabilecek ve bu yöndeki çalışmalara yol gösterebilecek niteliktedir. Böylelikle radon gazının Türkiye için çok daha kolay çözülebilecek bir durum olmasını sağlayacaktır.
sumiço da menina, o aparecimento da mãe e o nascimento do mito em A festa da menina morta (2008)
Authors: Dravet Florence , Affonso Maria Eduarda
Published: November 2024

Entende-se o cinema como meio privilegiado para pensar as imagens, sua relação com a consciência e seus diversos mascaramentos. Apresenta-se a cena do retorno da mãe no filme A festa da menina morta (2008), através da psicologia profunda e da noção de imagem-espelho. É nas profundezas do inconsciente que se identifica o conflito do personagem Santinho com a mãe desaparecida e sua dificuldade em se desvencilhar dela para seguir sua própria trajetória. Conclui-se que o mito da menina morta se impõe à comunidade por meio de um culto à expressão de um feminino violentado, também retratado na própria personagem de Santinho e que lhe serve de compensação à falta de resposta sobre o desaparecimento de sua mãe
Pemanfaatan dan Pelestarian Kecombrang dari Desa Petung Kabupaten Trenggalek
Authors: Gerry Ironika
Published: November 2024

Tanaman kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) banyak tumbuh di Desa Petung, Dongko, Trenggalek, Jawa Timur, yang memiliki iklim tropis dengan ketinggian 390-780 mdpl. Namun, dalam kurun waktu dekade terakhir ini, tanaman kecombrang banyak dianggap sebagai gulma dan kurang bermanfaat. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya upaya pelestarian melalui peningkatan metode pemasaran dan pengolahan tanaman kecombrang agar nilai manfaatnya lebih bertambah dan makin dikenal banyak khalayak umum, baik di dalam maupun luar negeri. Program pengabdian ini dilakukan di SDN 2 Petung yang berlokasi dekat dengan lahan pertanian warga dengan melibatkan guru, siswa, petani, dan masyarakat melalui pelatihan, seminar, dan workshop. Kegiatan pengabdian ini juga dilaksanakan dengan wawancara dan survei bersama petani, masyarakat, serta instansi pertanian setempat untuk memperoleh informasi lebih banyak terkait tanaman kecombrang. Eksplorasi dilakukan di lahan-lahan tertentu untuk mengumpulkan aksesi tanaman sebagai bibit. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa media tanam polibag mudah digunakan untuk budidaya kecombrang. Selain itu, tanaman ini juga bisa tumbuh baik di lahan terbuka dengan kecukupan kadar kelembapan dan intensitas cahaya. Faktor penting dalam pertumbuhan kecombrang meliputi kualitas bibit, media tanam, pupuk, dan pencahayaan. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini, masyarakat mendapat pengetahuan tambahan mengenai pemanfaatan kecombrang untuk meningkatkan nilai guna dan ekonomisnya.
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter pada Sekolah Dasar Islamic Center Samarinda
Authors: Hadi Saipul , Anggraini Selvia
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh anggapan bahwa penerapan pendidikan karakter menjadi aspek penting dalam pembentukan kepribadian yang baik pada anak terutama anak sekolah dasar. Karakter yang baik melibatkan nilai-nilai etika, moral, sosial, dan spiritual yang menjadi dasar dalam berperilaku positif dan menghadapi tantangan hidup untuk masa yang akan datang. Maka penerapan pendidikan karakter kepada siswa sekolah dasar atau madrasah ibtidaiyah harus diperhatikan oleh lembaga sekolah/ madrasah. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi pendidikan karakter pada Sekolah Dasar Islamic Center Samarinda. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Islamic Center Samarinda dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru, siswa, dan seluruh unsur sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data yang terkumpul melalui ketiga teknik tersebut kemudian diperiksa keabsahan datanya dengan pengecekan kredibilitas. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksanaan keabsahannya, data dianalisis dengan cara kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendidikan karakter pada Sekolah Dasar  Islamic Center Samarinda dilaksanakan dengan melalui pembiasaan. Pembiasaan dilaksanakan dengan berbagai kegiatan dan aktivitas, baik yang berupa harian, mingguan dan bulanan sekolah serta tahunan juga berbagai kegiatan-kegiatan pada program unggulan yang dimiliki oleh Sekolah Dasar Islamic Center Samarinda. Pembiasaan melalui kegiatan seperti keikutsertaan lomba, literasi “ayo membaca”, market day, kunjungan educatif, studi wisata dan mabit serta outbond dapat memunculkan dan mengasah serta mengembangkan karakter baik peserta didik SD Islamic Center Samarinda.
Penggunaan Media Flashcard untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Linguistik Verbal pada Siswa Kelas 1 Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Palupi , Suranto Suranto
Published: November 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan linguistik verbal pada peserta didik kelas 1A pada mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian Tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian yaitu peserta didik kelas 1A di SD Muhammadiyah 2 Kauman sejumlah 18 anak. Prosedur pelaksanaan pada Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yaitu setiap siklus meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi berupa lembar observasi pada setiap akhir siklus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kecerdasan linguistic verbal siswa kelas 1A mengalami peningkatan setelah dilakukan Tindakan pada siklus I dan siklus II dibandingkan dengan pra siklus. Hasil penelitian pada penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dalam kecerdasan linguistik verbal anak, khususnya dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran Flashcard untuk peserta didik kelas 1A di SD Muhammadiyah 2 Kauman. Media Flashcard bermanfaat untuk menarik perhatian peserta didik serta mampu meningkatkan peserta didik dalam hal kecerdasan linguistic verbal, kemampuan membaca serta pemahaman terhadap materi pembelajaran yang disampaikan guru. Adapun saran dari penelitian ini yaitu media pembelajaran guru dapat dikembangkan lagi melalui berbagai kegiatan di dalam maupun di luar kelas. Guru juga sebaiknya menciptakan media pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif agar kemampuan kecerdasan linguistik verbal peserta didik dapat meningkat dan berkembang dengan baik.
Pengaruh Media Video Animasi Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Siswa pada Materi Keliling Bangun Datar Kelas III SDN Sadagori 1
Authors: Putri Zakia Eka , Isrok’atun Isrok’atun , Sunaengsih Cucun
Published: November 2024

Salah satu faktor penyebab siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam mempelajari keliling bangun datar adalah kurangnya pemahaman siswa terkait konsep keliling bangun datar. Rendahnya kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa disebabkan karena kurangnya perhatian guru pada pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep materi yang diajarkan dan guru masih menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional yakni guru menjadi pusat pembelajaran. Sehingga dibutuhkan suatu media yang mampu meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep. Salah satu alternatif media pembelajaran yang mampu meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep adalah dengan menerapkan media video animasi pada pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh media video animasi terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi keliling bangun datar, (2) untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh media konvensional terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa, (3) untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh media video animasi dan media konvensional terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi keliling bangun datar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperiment dengan desain control group pretest-posttest design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) media video animasi dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa dengan nilai rata-rata N-Gain nya 0,60 yang tergolong “cukup tinggi”, (2) media konvensional tidak  meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa dengan nilai rata-rata N-Gain nya 0,39 yang tergolong “rendah”, (3) berdasarkan uji independent sample t-test diperoleh nilai 0,000 < 0,05 dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran yang menerapkan media video animasi lebih baik dari pembelajaran yang menggunakan media konvensional dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa.
Implementasi Metode Interaktif dan Kolaboratif dalam Pembelajaran Tahfidz Al-Qur’an pada Kelas Kecil: Studi Kasus di Salah Satu Sekolah di Karawang
Authors: Dhani Alife Ahmad , Budianto Budianto , Basuki Danang Dwi
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis implementasi metode interaktif dan kolaboratif dalam pembelajaran Tahfidz Al-Qur’an pada kelas kecil di Karawang. Pendidikan Tahfidz Al-Qur’an sangat penting dalam pendidikan Islam, namun menghadapi tantangan seperti kurangnya motivasi siswa dan metode pengajaran yang monoton. Metode interaktif dan kolaboratif melibatkan siswa secara aktif melalui diskusi dan aktivitas partisipatif, meningkatkan daya ingat, motivasi, dan kerja sama antar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara dengan guru tahfidz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode interaktif dan kolaboratif secara signifikan meningkatkan motivasi dan keterlibatan siswa dibandingkan metode tradisional. Pengajar menerapkan strategi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan individu siswa dan memberikan insentif untuk mempertahankan semangat belajar. Kerja sama antar siswa dalam menghafal Al-Qur’an juga terbukti efektif dalam mengatasi rasa bosan dan meningkatkan motivasi.
Pengembangan Flipbook Berbantuan Canva Materi Bagian Tumbuhan Untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Digital Siswa Kelas IV SDN Sumberasri 02
Authors: Bastian Riska Dwi , Alfi Cindya , Fatih Mohamad
Published: November 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk Menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan flipbook dalam meningkatkan pemahaman materi tentang bagian-bagian tumbuhan pada siswa kelas IV. Proses pengembangan dan validitas media Flipbook berbantuan Canva akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini, serta apakah pengembangan media Flipbook berbantuan Canva mampu meningkatkan literasi digital siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang dikombinasikan dengan pendekatan Research and Development (RnD) dengan menggunakan model penelitian ADDIE, yang terdiri dari Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Sebanyak 24 siswa kelas IV di SDN Sumberasri 02 di Kecamatan Nglegok menjadi subjek penelitian ini. Prosedur pengumpulan data yang dilakukan meliputi dokumentasi, survei, dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ahli bahasa mendapatkan 82,5% dengan kategori "Sangat Valid", ahli materi mendapatkan 94%, dan penilaian ahli media terhadap kevalidan media mendapatkan 92,5% dengan kategori yang sama. Skor peningkatan literasi digital siswa melalui media Flipbook adalah 0,68 dengan kategori “sedang” dan 95% dari respon guru dengan kategori “Tinggi”. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa media Flipbook berbantaun Canva mampu meningkatkan literasi digital siswa.