bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Body Wave Extraction Technology of Mixed Active Source Ambient Noise
Authors: Liu Di
Published: December 2023

In complex surface environments, active source seismic exploration methods are difficult to stimulate and costly, while ambient noise detection technology is fast and convenient, with a little environmental damage and low cost. Therefore, it has aroused extensive research by scholars at home and abroad. At present, the use of passive source surface wave method for subsurface medium imaging has become mature. However, due to the low content and weak energy of the body wave signal in the actual ambient noise, it is particularly difficult to extract body waves using seismic interferometry. At the same time, body wave exploration has larger exploration depth and higher resolution. In this paper, we propose an ambient noise detection technology of mixed active sources, namely, imposing artificial seismic sources in the continuous ambient noise data acquisition process. We refer to the ambient noise of mixed active sources as "mixed ambient noise". It is found that the virtual refraction wave obtained by the ambient noise detection method of mixed active sources has high signal-to-noise ratio, strong anti-interference ability, and can obtain the real velocity information of the deeper subsurface medium, but cannot reflect the accurate time information. Supplementing the active source signal in the far field can obtain virtual refractions with higher signal-to-noise ratio, while effectively reducing the mixing phenomenon of surface wave and surface interference waves in the virtual common-shot record.
Research on Low Noise Chopping Amplifier Circuit Based on Feedback Regulation
Authors: Wang Shengjie , Yan Fuxue , Sun Yishu , Zhang Yang , Lin Jun
Published: December 2023

In order to overcome the limitation of 1/f noise on long-period magnetotelluric sensors, it is necessary to use low-noise chopping technology for signal conditioning. However, the static operating point drift of Junction Field-Effect Transistor (JFET) is difficult to achieve stable amplification with the chopper technology. This paper proposes a low noise amplifier (LNA) with chopper technology based on feedback adjustment. The LNA reduces the turning frequency of the circuit, and maintains the JFET static point. At 375mHz, its noise is

2.55
nV
/

Hz

.
A DFT-Based Method for Extraction Effective High Density Electromagnetic Signal from Pseudo-random Code
Authors: Liu Xiaohan , Han Jiangtao , Liu Lijia , Guo Zhenyu
Published: December 2023

Pseudo-random signal, also known as pseudo-random code, which has statistical properties similar to random signal and can be repeatedly generated, so it is widely used in the field of signal transmission. Pseudo-random code is used as the carrier of an improved high-density electromagnetic system to improve the reliability and stability of the measurement. However, how to effectively extract the effective signal in the pseudo-random code is very important.In this paper, a method based on Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is proposed to extract effective signal from pseudo-random code. By analyzing the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the discrete spectrum of pseudo-random code, the search range of frequency bands can be narrowed. Find the maximum of a one-dimensional array to obtain the best estimate of the target frequency and its magnitude in the limited range of frequency bands. Simulation experiments and measured data show that the frequency data extracted by the method in this paper is highly consistent with the preset frequency, with little amplitude loss and less alias. Therefore, the method can extract the response information of the specified frequency contained in the pseudo-random code effectively with high efficiency.
An Efficient Seismic AVA Inversion Method with Uncertainty Quantification Using Ensemble Kalman Filter Scheme
Authors: Li Guangcai , Wang Xinyug , Wang Tong , Yong Fan
Published: December 2023

The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) has attracted large amount of attention and it has become a relatively competitive method. The rationale underpinning the Ensemble Kalman-based methods is that it uses the Kalman formula to generate an ensemble of inverse estimates of the geophysical and geologic properties. Each ensemble member may be updated via an iterative or non-iterative way and in sequential (filtering) or all-at-once (smoothing) basis. We try to perform AVA inversion via EnKF to extract the subsurface elastic parameters including P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity and density, which is of significance for further delineation in oil reservoir. We apply this method on a synthetic AVA dataset of 40 degrees using a well data. Numerical tests with the synthetic data have revealed the success of the proposed methods.
Depth-to-basement Estimation of Basin Relief Using the BP Network
Authors: Li Qiang , Wang Rui , Li Guowei , Xu Zhengwei
Published: December 2023

Nonlinear gravity inversion is a popular method for determining basin bottom relief and delineating basin configuration. However, traditional gravity inversion presents certain challenges, including the complexity and time demand of calculating and transforming large matrices, as well as instability and non-uniqueness caused by the inherently ill-posed nature of inversion problems. Over the past decade, deep learning, a subset of machine learning, has seen successful applications in geophysical interpretation and exploration. In this study, we propose an innovative method for estimating two-dimensional (2D) depth-to-basement using a BP network structure. This structure leverages the Leaky Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) as an activation function, yielding more realistic geophysical models.
Marine Absolute Gravimetric Survey Based on Atomic Gravimeter
Authors: Qiao Zhongkun , Yuan Peng , Zhou Yin , Wu Bin , Lin Qiang
Published: December 2023

Atomic gravimeter can be used for absolute gravity measurement and has the advantages of low drift, high accuracy and good long-term stability. It can be combined with traditional gravimeter to realize long period and high precision dynamic measurement of gravity field at sea. With the development of relevant technologies and the increasing demand of the application market, mobile and miniaturized atomic gravimeters at home and abroad have stepped out of the laboratory and gradually tried to measure absolute gravity in dynamic environments on platforms such as vehicle, ship and airborne. Based on the Marine atomic gravity measurement system of Zhejiang University of Technology, this paper introduces the system composition, measurement principle and existing difficulties. Based on this system, the first Marine absolute gravity network measurement in China is carried out, and the accuracy of repeated internal check is better than 1mGal.
The 18th Siam Physics Congress (Quantum Era : Together and Beyond; SPC2023)
Authors: Laosiritaworn Y , Choopan S , Boonyawan D , Aukkaravittayapun S , Tawkomnoy J , Soonthornthum B
Published: December 2023

The 18th Siam Physics Congress (SPC2023) was successfully held during 14–16 June 2023, co-hosted by the Thai Physics Society and the Chiang Mai University. To motivate collaborative academic environment, the congress was organized to be a 100% on-site meeting at the Empress Convention Center in Chiang Mai (Thailand).

This year, we had 329 research abstracts submitted for both oral and poster presentations. There were 3 plenary speakers, 17 invited speakers, 110 accepted oral presentations, 187 accepted poster presentations, and 116 full papers submitted for possible publication in all 10 tracks(topics). The scientific program was announced on the SPC2023 website (https://spc2023.science.cmu.ac.th) and also distributed via email to all participants.

The opening ceremony was given by the President of Thai Physics Society and the President of Association of Asia Pacific Physical Societies (AAPPS). After opening ceremony, Prof. Dr. Junichi Yokoyama (The University of Tokyo, Japan) gave the 1st plenary talk (onsite), Prof. Dr. Jian-Wei Pan (University of Science and Technology of China) gave this 2nd plenary talk (zoom), Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tawatchai Onjun (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology) gave the 3rd plenary talk (onsite), where the size of the audience attending the plenary talks is approximately 500 participants. The oral presentations were arranged into 5 parallel rooms in total of 10 sessions. Each invited speaker was allowed 30-minutes presentation while regular presenter had 15 minutes including questions and answers. The audience-size of each room varied between 30 and 50 people. The poster presentations were held in the poster hall and lasted for 2 hours, which offered extended opportunity to gain insights into the latest research. For full papers, authors of accepted abstracts were invited to submit their full-scale works through the Morressier website for a possible publication in the Journal of Physics : Conference Series.

List of Topic, Plenary Speaker, Organizing Institutions, Advisory Committee, Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee, Ceremony Committee, Finance Committee, Registration Committee, Venue and Transportation Committee, Sponsorship and Fundraising Committee, Public Relations Committee, Audio Visual Aid Committee, Sponsors are available in this Pdf.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of an electromagnetic shielding enclosure at low frequencies
Authors: Wungmool P , Osaklung J , Kijamnajsuk P , Luengviriya C
Published: December 2023

We construct an electromagnetic shielding enclosure with dimensions of 95 cm × 95 cm × 95 cm. It is made from aluminum and copper which are high electrical conductors and nonmagnetic materials, so the enclosure does not produce additional static magnetic field. The enclosure is composed of a cubic frame (25-mm aluminium rails) and 6 removable panels. Each panel consists of a copper mesh (wire diameter of 0.25 mm and 0.58 mm spacing) sandwiched in a double layered aluminium frame, two aluminium handles, and 4 aluminium hooks. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the enclosure is evaluated using the standard method at low frequencies, 0.4–25 MHz. A function generator and a circular flat coil with a diameter of 5 cm are used to transmit sinusoidal electromagnetic waves directed to the enclosure. The electromagnetic waves transmitted into the enclosure are measured by a spectrum analyser and another similar circular flat coil. The measurements show that when the frequency is increased from 0.4–2.5 MHz, the shielding effectiveness slightly increases from 42.2–48.6 dB. For the frequency between 3–25 MHz, the shielding effectiveness remains at around 49.6 dB with a standard deviation of 0.6 dB. Such shielding enclosure is potentially improving the accuracy of many investigating techniques which use electromagnetic waves with low frequencies including nuclear quadrupole resonance and magnetic induction tomography.
Assessing conceptual understanding of learning in energy and momentum by using Socrative online polling in physics classes
Authors: Umma K , Gatemunee T
Published: December 2023

This research investigates the understanding and learning gains of students learning between online and onsite classes on topics of Energy and Momentum. In this study, twenty-five questions relating to Energy and Momentum, including Energy Concepts, Work Done by Gravitational Forces, Work Done by Nonconservative Forces, Conservation of Mechanical Energy, Momentum Concepts, Momentum Conservation, Completely Inelastic Collisions, and Applications of the Impulse-Momentum Theorem, were used. One hundred and ninety-five students from the Faculty of Engineering at Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Chiang Mai campus, were tested through online and onsite learning between 2021 and 2022, respectively. The collected data were evaluated using Socrative online polls. Statistics, including average percentage, standard deviation, and the normalized gain method, were used to analyze the understanding of learning between the pre-test and post-test of online and onsite classes. The results found that after classes, the mean of correct answers for online classes was 18.76 (SD = 2.81) and 20.68 (SD = 3.19) for onsite classes. The average normalized gain  for online classes was 0.01, and for onsite classes was 0.05. These results demonstrated that onsite learning was more effective than online learning.
Enhancing particle size characterization performance through proficiency testing program: result and insights from inter-laboratory comparison
Authors: Ngansalung B , Chanthawong N , Buajarern J
Published: December 2023

The proficiency testing (PT) for particle size characterization by inter-laboratory comparison was organized by the dimensional metrology department of the National Institute of Metrology Thailand (NIMT). This program aims to enhance and to expand the efficiency and capability of testing laboratories in the field of particle size characterization using various techniques, including atomic force microscope (AFM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The measurement range covers nanometer to micrometer scale. These instruments are importance for research and development especially to nanotechnology related industries. The PT program was conducted in 2022 where five artifacts were used: monodispersed gold nanoparticle (diameter 20 nm), monodispersed polystyrene particle (diameter 100 nm, 500 nm, and 1500 nm) and monodispersed silica oxide particle (diameter 100 nm). The monodispersed polystyrene particles, diameter 100 nm and 1500 nm are certified reference materials (CRMs). These two artefacts were used as the reference to evaluate accuracy of participant laboratories. The other 3 artefacts are reference material under development. Hence, the assigned values were calculated from consensus among all participants. To evaluate the performance of participant laboratories, En
values and z-scores were calculated for each artefact and each measuring technique. The assessment of participant performance through performance scores allows the participant to determine how accurate and how appropriate the measurement results and measurement uncertainties evaluation are. From the results, unsatisfied results can be categorized into three scenarios. First, the measurement uncertainties were not appropriately evaluated. Secondly, measurands obtained from all measuring techniques are not the same. Lastly, the magnification used in microscopy techniques plays a crucial role to resolution and accuracy of size determination.
An application of polychromatic UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy on detection of beryllium treatment in ruby and yellow sapphire
Authors: Monarumit N , Lhuaamporn T , Schwarz D , Wathanakul P , Wongkokua W
Published: December 2023

The ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectroscopy has been essentially used to characterize gem materials and their treatments. The spectrophotometer was designed using a diffraction grating to provide the monochromatic light from a tungsten lamp in analyzing a sample. The signal is recorded by a photodiode, resulting in a characteristic spectrum of a gemstone sample. While the monochromatic UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer is used for characterizing treated ruby and yellow sapphire samples; however, some indicative characteristic absorptions could be missing. The technique may not be able to clearly differentiate the Be-treated ruby and yellow sapphire samples from the natural ones. Therefore, polychromatic UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy could be utilized. The polychromatic light from a tungsten lamp passing through the sample provides the polychromatic UV-Vis-NIR spectrum produced by the spectrophotometer comprising a diffraction grating with a diode array CCD or CMOS detector. Both natural and Be-treated ruby and yellow sapphire samples were measured using both spectrophotometers. The experiment reveals that the polychromatic UV-Vis-NIR excitation spectroscopy can be used to differentiate the Be-treated ruby and yellow sapphires from the natural ones. Moreover, the polychromatic UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer offers the advantages of portability, measuring time, and low cost.
The photon trajectories around black hole with moving light source
Authors: Radjaroendee Nattawat , Jamraschai Thammatorn , Hirunsirisawat Ekapong
Published: December 2023

The influence of curved spacetime around a black hole on photon trajectory has been widely studied recently. This study focuses on numerical simulations and some theoretical analysis to characterize the photons emitted from a moving light source around a Schwarzschild black hole. The results show that photon trajectories can be categorized based on the unique features of the light path caused by a variation in emitting angle (β). We propose three types of trajectories, including 1) the return angle (βret
): the photon from this angle orbits around the black hole and returns to the light source 2) the escaping angle (βesc
): the photon from this angle escapes to infinity parallel to the horizontal axis 3) the critical angle (βph
): the photon coming from this angle of initial condition enters a critical photon orbit. The escaped photons can be subclassified by computing the lensed ratio which is the difference between the angular position of the photon escaped to infinity and the initial emitting angle. This study reveals the characteristics of photons from light source moving around a black hole and can be further used to analyze the behavior of light from compact stars or other glowing objects in more complicated systems.
The effect of temperature on absorbance of rubidium atoms in a vapor glass cell
Authors: Kaewko A , Parkprom P , Ketaiam K , Chaiwongkhot P , Chattrapiban N , Sompet P , Thaicharoen N
Published: December 2023

Glass cells containing neutral atoms are commonly employed in spectroscopy experiments and have potential applications in metrology. The temperature of the vapor plays a vital role as it directly influences the absorption rate of rubidium atoms. In this research, we study the effect of vapor temperature on the absorption spectrum of rubidium atoms. We observed the broadening of the spectral line and increased absorption, enabling us to determine the absorbance of atoms within the cell. These results provide valuable insights for our future work to characterize absorbance of homemade vapor cells for portable quantum device applications.
Magnetic structure of the S = ½ staircase kagome lattice PbCu3TeO7
Authors: Jansawang J , Techathitinan S , Nambu Y , Matan K
Published: December 2023

The crystal and magnetic structure characterization of geometrically distorted PbCu3TeO7 with S=1/2 Cu2+ spins forming a staircase kagome lattice was investigated using x-ray and neutron diffraction on a powder sample. The distorted kagome lattice of antiferromagnet PbCu3TeO7 exhibits a quasi-two-dimensional spin network. The x-ray diffraction data show that PbCu3TeO7 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system in the space group Pnma (No. 62). The lattice parameters a = 10.488(1) Å, b = 6.353(1) Å, and c = 8.814(2) Å. Our temperature-dependent x-ray diffraction data show that there is no structure phase transition between 12 and 298 K. From our powder neutron diffraction data at 2 K, we observed two distinct magnetic Bragg peaks at low angles, confirming the magnetic transition to the ordered state at low temperatures. In previous work, the ordering vector for the magnetic structure was determined using simulations to be (0,1/3,0). However, in this work, we found that based on the neutron diffraction data the ordering vector is in fact (0,1/3,1/3). The magnetic structure of PbCu3TeO7 exhibiting an antiferromagnet with noncollinear spin order is proposed.
Thickness dependence of optical properties of sputtered AZO film on borosilicate glass
Authors: Khamee Wattana , Niyom Kanchanee , Rattanasakulthong Watcharee
Published: December 2023

Sputtered AZO film with different thicknesses (98, 141, 206, 249 and 306 nm) was deposited on a borosilicate substrate. The XRD pattern indicated that the deposited AZO films showed the prominent peak of the AZO phase in the (002) direction, and the (004) plane was also observed on the 141, 206, 249 and 306 nm films. The peak intensity was increased with film thickness. AFM images reveal that all films show a granule surface and columnar structure with different sizes and distributions depending on thickness. In addition, the surface roughness and electrical resistance of the films were increased with increasing thickness. The 98 nm film exhibited a constant transmission, but the optical transmission of the rest of the films fluctuated with the wavelength in the 400-1000 nm range, and their transmission was thickness-dependent. The maximum mobility and carrier concentration was observed on the 306 and 249 nm, respectively. The energy bandgap of the film ranged from 3.5-3.6 eV and was increased with the film thickness. The results attribute that the thickness significantly modifies structural phase, surface morphology, and roughness, strongly affecting the optical properties of sputtered AZO films.
Universality of flux quantum in an s-wave superconducting ring
Authors: Nisaisue C , Krunavakarn B
Published: December 2023

A problem of the crossover of the flux periodicity in an s-wave superconducting ring whether a period hc/e arises instead of hc/2e is studied in the basis of the linearized Ginzburg-Landau equation for the order parameter. We analyze the behavior of the Little-Parks oscillations for a one-dimensional superconducting ring threaded by an external magnetic flux and find the period of the magnetic flux is strictly hc/2e independent of the radius of the ring. The obtained result shows the universality of a superconducting flux quantum.
Analyzing asymmetry in the Wolf-Villain model via the study of the persistence of various initial height fluctuations
Authors: Chatraphorn P , Chanphana R
Published: December 2023

The Wolf-Villain (WV) model, which, in some literature, has shown trait of up-down asymmetry, is investigated through the study of the persistence probability of height fluctuations in simulated film surfaces. The persistence probability is the probability that the height fluctuation of each site does not cross its initial value (h
0) along a time interval. When averaged over all possible values of h
0, the probability is known to exhibit a power law decay behavior with the exponent called persistence exponent. In this work, instead of averaging over all h
0, we consider a fixed value of h
0 and find that the persistence probability of the WV model still decreases with time as a power law if the fixed value meets a necessary condition, i.e. h
0 is roughly equal to or larger than the saturated roughness of the film. The persistence exponent for each h
0 is measured and found to decrease as the value of h
0 increases. Scaling form of the persistence probability at a specific h
0 is also studied. Notably, all results obtained here are in agreement with those of the up-down symmetric models appeared in literatures despite the fact that the WV model is an asymmetric model. These results support the idea from other studies that the asymmetry in the WV is very weak.
Crystallographic rotation effect on the particle and spin across a half metal/semiconductor junction with Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction
Authors: Siripanadorn A , Onsri T , Jantayod A
Published: December 2023

Theoretical studies were conducted on probability, conductance and spin polarization through a junction between a half metal (HM)/semiconductor with Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling (DSOC), using the scattering theory and the continuous model in a two-dimensional system. The focus was on how the bulk orientation of the DSOC affects the charge and spin polarization. Results showed that the crystal face (100) makes a negative perpendicular to the normal wave vector of the system, resulting in a maximum value of the conductance spectrum and the spin polarization. However, the maximum value of the spin polarization can occur with any crystallographic orientation when the applied voltage reaches the crossing point of the DSOC. Moreover, the electron incident angle injection can cause a gap between in the transmission probability with spin up and spin down, corresponding to higher charge and spin polarization across the junction.
Boosting the electrical output of cement-based triboelectric nanogenerator by surface treatment technique
Authors: Kaewsrithong Kanisorn , Kaewpoonsuk Anucha , Torkittikul Pincha , Wongkeo Watcharapong , Chaipanich Arnon , Rianyoi Rattiyakorn , Nochaiya Thanongsak
Published: December 2023

Triboelectric nanogenerators have the potential to convert mechanical energy to electric energy through electrostatic induction thus they are promising alternative cleaning energy sources for human beings. The objective of this work is to increase the electrical outputs of cement-based triboelectric nanogenerators (C-TENGs) by using a surface polishing treatment technique. The hand-mixed cement pastes with water-to-cement ratios of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 by weight were cast in the molds and cured in saturated lime water. A study was conducted to investigate the electrical output, which included voltage and current, under a single vertical contract-separation mode with a constant force and a frequency of 3 Hz. To improve the electrical generating performance, all samples were subjected to a surface treatment by polishing with sandpaper. After electrical investigations, the electrical outputs were remeasured. The results showed that the modified surface samples have significantly higher electrical outputs than that of the pristine sample due to the increased contact surface area. Moreover, the cement paste with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.3 after a polished-surface treatment exhibits the highest power density for an external resistance of 10 MΩ, improving around 70% higher than the pristine sample. The study successfully presents a low-cost and simple technique for improving the performance of cement-based triboelectric nanogenerators.
Influence of Coulomb interactions on Einstein phonons in a three-dimensional electron gas and superconductivity
Authors: Phatcharasirinawakun Worapon , Robkob Udom
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the influence of Coulomb interactions on Einstein phonons in a three-dimensional electron gas (3DEG) and their impact on superconducting properties. By considering Coulomb effects in all contributions to the phonon self-energies, we explore the renormalization of phonons and its implications for superconductivity. Numerical solutions of the isotropic Eliashberg equations are used to determine the gap functions, providing valuable insights into the behavior of renormalized phonons. Our analysis reveals that while the frequencies of renormalized phonons are lower compared to non-interacting Einstein phonons, their inclusion leads to higher superconducting critical temperatures and maximum gap functions. However, as the strength of Coulomb interactions increases, a decrease in the superconducting critical temperature and gap is observed. These findings highlight the significant role of Coulomb interactions in determining the behavior of phonons and the emergence of superconductivity in three-dimensional electron gases.
Physicochemical properties of PSF/SiO2-NH2 composite membranes incorporated by polymeric additives
Authors: Ellis T , Sricheewin C , Yuenyao C
Published: December 2023

This research aims to study the effects of PVP and PEG on the morphological structure, hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of PSF/SiO2-NH2 composite membranes. PSF/SiO2-NH2 membranes with and without the addition of PVP and PEG are fabricated by phase inversion process and used to study the physical and chemical properties as mentioned. Change of the structure and wettability properties of prepared membrane samples are determined by different scientific techniques. Hydrophilic properties are evaluated through the measurement of water contact angle (WCA) while morphology and pore size, as well as the creation of pore on the top surface of membrane samples are analyzed through the SEM micrographs. Additionally, alteration of hydrophilic functional groups on the top skin surface of the membrane is measured by FTIR technique. Experimental results illustrated the effects of PVP and PEG on the morphological and porous structures of PSF/SiO2-NH2 composite membranes. Internal porous structure have clearly changed from the sponge-like structure with macrovoids to finger-like structure. Macrovoids disappeared with the addition of PVP and PEG into the matrix of PSF/SiO2-NH2 composite membranes. Experimental results also showed that nanopore created on the top surface of PSF/SiO2-NH2 membranes incorporated with PVP and PEG. Importantly, PVP and PEG show the influence to the hydrophilic properties of PSF/SiO2-NH2 membranes. The effect on the hydrophilic properties as mentioned is confirmed by the increasing of hydrophilic group on the membrane surfaces and decreasing of WCA. DMTA results showed that PVP and PEG affect the glass transition temperature and mechanical properties of PSF/SiO2-NH2 composite membranes.
Purifying VO2 phase synthesized by sol-gel method via annealing process
Authors: Chongprasit Rattachanok , Kittiwatanakul Salinporn
Published: December 2023

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) film has significant interesting phase transition properties called metal-semiconductor transition (MST) which occurs at 68 °C. This transition behavior makes it suitable for various applications, including thermochromic materials for smart windows, sensors, and electronics devices. In this study, we aimed to focus on the purification of VO2 through the sol-gel synthesis method from vanadium alkoxide (VO(OC3H7)3. To analyze the effects of annealing temperature (500 °C-600 °C) on the resulting structural, morphology, and electrical properties, x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), temperature dependent resistance, and infrared (IR) thermal image were considered. The resistance as a function of the temperature shows an abrupt change confirming the phase transition. However, XRD shows an impurity of other vanadium oxides such as V6O13. In addition, the sample annealed at 600 °C shows a non-uniform surface filled with island clusters, while the sample annealed at 500 °C has a smooth and uniform surface. Raman spectra further supports the formation of VO2 (M) clusters mixed with V6O13 in smooth area, resulting in a decrease in electrical properties, significant reduced resistance change at the excessive annealing temperature.
Quantum oscillations of pseudomagnetoresistance in tunable tilt-mismatch Dirac-cone junction
Authors: Rakrong Phachara , Choopan Wachiraporn , Liewrian Watchara
Published: December 2023

This paper presents research on the quantum oscillation of pseudomagnetoresistance (PMR) in tilted Dirac cone material junctions. Dirac cones are linear energy dispersions that arise in materials like graphene, which is a two-dimensional material with unique electronic properties. The presence of a tilted Dirac cone in the energy spectrum of these materials introduces interesting phenomena such as pseudomagnetism and anisotropic quantum transport. By applying strain, we can control the direction of the tilted Dirac cone in graphene and investigate the pseudomagnetotransport properties of this system. Magnetoresistance is a real effect that arises from the Lorentz force acting on the charge carriers, while PMR is a geometric effect that arises from the tilted Dirac cone and the crystal lattice structure of the material. Using computational methods for finite-superlattice materials and the transfer-matrix method, our results show that the quantum beating pattern of PMR is more pronounced with an increased number of barriers. Additionally, we observe that the amplitude and period of the modulation depend on the strength and orientation of the tilted-induced pseudomagnetic field. We demonstrate that the PMR behavior can be tuned and optimized for specific applications, potentially leading to improvements in the design and optimization of graphene-based devices such as sensors, transistors, and quantum computers, which rely on the PMR behavior of graphene.
Real-time radiation monitoring of high energy 1.2-GeV synchrotron accelerator using experimental physics and industrial control system
Authors: Aim-O P , Manasatitpong K , Sumano N , Ruengpoonwittaya S , Suradet N , Kampitak W , Thongwat A , Pamungkas N S , Wangnok K
Published: December 2023

The high energy 1.2-GeV electron accelerator facility’s radiation detection and monitoring system (RDMS) has greatly evolved to be the effective backbone of real-time radiation monitoring for the new light source 3-GeV synchrotron facility. Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), ethernet hardware connections (Optic fibers), and Web-based software interfaces make up the new RDMS framework, built on well-liked network technology. The problems of monitoring i.e., a lot of manpower, poor monitoring accuracy, and inability to monitor continuously in the high radiation dose are eliminated. EPICS, composed of an Input/Output Controller (IOC) and Client Workstations which can communicate with a Local Area Network (LAN), were applied for remote control and radiation measurement. EPICS has been able to transport and store massive amounts of data for large-scale systems with a wide range and high accuracy. The monitoring data were sent to the server through the optic fibers network system, which is more advantages such as no distance restrictions, low attenuation of the signal, faster responding times, and particularly electromagnetic resistance. The data can be accessed anywhere from client monitors with graphical user interfaces. This system is successfully developed and tested for the high energy 1.2-GeV electron accelerator. The RDMS is useful for radiation safety to monitor the radiation dose level during machine operation to protect occupational workers and the public from radiation hazards.
Modeling simulation of nitric oxide and ozone generated by the Compact Air Plasma Jet: Nightingale®
Authors: Palee Nattawut , Thana Phuthidhorn , Wijaikham Apiwat , Pussadee Nirut , Boonyawan Dheerawan
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to model and investigate the distribution characteristics of NO and O3 produced by a Compact Air Plasma Jet device using 0D and 2D fluid models. The 0D global model was employed to calculate densities in the plasma volume before constructing the 2D model for the distribution of densities via boundary conditions. As the feeding gas flow rate increased from 3 to 11 slm, the NO and O3 densities predicted by the 0D model decreased from 10 ppm to 1 ppm and from approximately 12 ppm to 1 ppm. In comparison with the gas detector measurements, the NO densities exhibited the same values and trends with respect to the number of pulses and flow rate, but O3 concentrations from the 0D model simulations were higher than those measured by the gas detector. With a 20 ms simulation time, NO concentrations decreased along the axial length, whereas O3 concentrations increased. Additionally, O3 concentrations from both models were higher than the measurements from the gas detector, which did not align with the experimental results. The incorporation of dominant humidity reaction sets improved the alignment between the modeling results and specific experimental observations. The model equipped with these additional humidity reaction sets can be effectively employed to predict the NO and O3 density generated by the Compact Air Plasma Jet device.
The effect of meteorological parameters on air particulate matter
Authors: Anusasananan Panatcha , Suwanarat Suksan , Thangprasert Nipon
Published: December 2023

The conditions of the weather have an effect on both the amount of emissions and the quality of the air. A change in meteorological conditions has a substantial effect on particulate matter (PM) levels. In this study, we will first use statistics and wavelet calculations to look at the links between particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and relative humidity (RH). RH influences the natural deposition of PM concentrations. Then, we’ll examine how wind direction (WD) and wind speed (WS) affect PM. The results show that both PM10 and PM2.5 are high in February and that July and August have the lowest levels. In contrast, RH is low in February and maximum in October. Whenever the RH increases, the PM concentration decreases, and vice versa. The correlation coefficients between PM10 and RH are 0.3433 during the winter, 0.7181 during the summer, and 0.0052 during the rainy season. This illustrates the significant seasonal correlation between PM and RH. The results from wavelet coherence analysis indicate that PM and RH have close negative correlations. Significantly high wavelet power in the 8–30 day waveband exists in winter each year in the observed time horizon. There is also another common power found throughout the spectrum. PM and RH in these wavebands are out of phase with one another, with RH slightly leading PM. Moreover, the WS and WD also have an effect on PM concentration. If the wind speed is high and exceeds a specific threshold, the wind will take PM away, causing the PM concentration to decrease. In February 2023, the NE and NNE winds carried the most PM into the Bangkok region, followed with less concentration, by the WSW, SW, and W winds. Since PM is one of the primary air contaminants that has been linked to a deterioration in human health, it is extremely important to have a solid understanding of how PM concentrations change over time.
Chemical and electrical properties of activated carbon from Samui Island young coconut waste
Authors: Pinchaipat R , Koedthong P , Boonpian P , Vitidsant T , Owkusumsirisakul J
Published: December 2023

Solid coconut waste has been a chronic issue that can lead to an environmental problem in Samui Island. Therefore, we are interested in processing this waste into a more valuable product. Many previous studies have evaluated the characteristics of activated carbon (AC) using chemical properties, but not electrical properties. In this work, we analyze the electrical properties of AC to identify a wide range of potential applications. The whole coconut with husk was turned into AC under different activation parameters (temperature, impregnation ratio of KOH and time) using one-factor-at-a-time method. The results showed that with higher activation temperature (750-850°C), the iodine adsorption number increased but the yield decreased. Excessive impregnation ratio and longer activation time could lower the iodine adsorption number due to the collapse of micropores into larger pores. The SEM images revealed that after activation process, a well-developed pore structure is achieved. The highest iodine adsorption number was obtained at 1356.80 mg/g at activation condition of 800°C, impregnation ratio of 1:2 and activation time of 2 hrs. The electrical property of activated carbon was remarkably improved from the initial char, in accordance with the iodine number result. The lowest resistivity was also achieved at the same condition as above.
Simulation and preliminary test of different absorbers for the pCT calorimeter
Authors: Buanill Y , Ritjoho N , Songmoolnak A , Ratsuntia N , Sanghangthum T , Kobdaj C
Published: December 2023

The proton calorimeter is a key component of proton computed tomography (pCT). It aims to measure the residual energy and momentum of protons after passing through a patient’s body. In this study, we designed the prototype of the pCT calorimeter by including six layers of the ALICE pixel detector (ALPIDE) and six layers of the absorber. The absorber materials are carbon fiber (C), copper (Cu), and aluminum (Al) with 1 mm and 2 mm thicknesses. The prototype was tested by the proton source at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH), Bangkok. The number of activated pixels and the cluster sizes in each ALPIDE sensor obtained from the pCT calorimeter is measured at different proton beam energies. Moreover, this conceptual design of the pCT calorimeter was simulated by the G4Beamline Monte Carlo programming. At a proton beam energy of 70 MeV in the pCT calorimeter, simulations indicated Cu as the most effective absorber. Experimental results largely corroborated this, with Cu followed by Al, and then C in effectiveness. Both Cu and Al were found suitable for the pCT calorimeter prototype.
Latent fingerprint detection using fluorescent powder dusting technique
Authors: Boonyaras P , Boonpang S , Dangudom K
Published: December 2023

This study examined the use of fluorescent powder in detecting latent fingerprints through the dusting method. Five colors of fluorescent powder (orange, green, blue, green-yellow, and red) were applied to photo papers of six colors (green, red, blue, yellow, white, and black). The fluorescence of latent fingerprints was detected using various light sources including UV LED, blue LED, green LED, red LED, warm white, and cold white. The spectra of the light source and the fluorescence intensity of the dusting powder were analyzed to determine their influence on the appearance of latent fingerprints. The fingerprint images were analyzed by counting the number of important points that are more than 7 points, which indicates visible fingerprints. The results showed that the fluorescence of the powder, background, and light source affected the appearance of the fingerprints. When the color of the fluorescent powder matched the color of the light source, the fingerprints were clearly visible. However, if the background color matched the light source, the fingerprints were not visible. When fluorescent powder was dusted on a dark or non-fluorescent background, fingerprints were visible under all light sources. This study suggests that selecting the appropriate color of fluorescent powder and background is crucial for the detection of latent fingerprints using the dusting method.
Home-made optical tweezers for biomedical applications
Authors: Ongrungrueng Thamonwan , Buathong Sitti , Fuengfung Supasilp , Deachapunya Sarayut
Published: December 2023

Optical tweezers has been built with confocal fluorescence microscope as based detection. Microsphere particles and 780 nm fluorescence dye molecules are used in our demonstration. With the combination between these two particles, light focusing and particle manipulation can be performed simultaneously. The experimental results show that the tweezers can trap and move particles and even rotate the clusters of dye molecules sharply. We aim to apply our tweezers to biomedical applications such biological samples in the near future.
Optimizing thickness of tin oxide electron transporting layer to reduce hysteresis in carbon-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Kanlayapattamapong T , Thongimboon K , Pudkon W , Wongratanaphisan D , Ruankham P
Published: December 2023

Tin oxide (SnO2) is frequently chosen as an electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to its outstanding electron transport properties. Nevertheless, the thickness of the ETL significantly influences hysteresis behavior of PCSs. To address this issue, tin (II) 2-ethylhexanoate in 2-methoxyethanol (2-MOE) was employed as the precursor solution for SnO2 ETL preparation. We systematically varied its concentrations from 0.2 M to 1.0 M to optimize the film thickness. Our findings indicate that the PSC with a SnO2 film deposited from a 0.6 M precursor concentration achieved the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.51% and the lowest hysteresis index (HI) of 0.54. Furthermore, we explored the impact of film thickness on hysteresis behaviour and provided a comprehensive analysis. Based on the experiment, it was observed that the thickness of the film has an impact on the presence of defects and interfacial charge transfer, which could contribute to the occurrence of HI. This study offers valuable insights into the development of alternative ETLs suitable for large-scale PSC production.
Laser linewidth measurement using beat-note technique
Authors: Parkprom P , Chattrapiban N , Sompet P , Thaicharoen N
Published: December 2023

Lasers play a crucial role in quantum and atomic physics experiments. To prepare atoms in a desired quantum state, these lasers must possess specific properties, including tunability and a narrow spectral linewidth. In this study, we construct and employ an external cavity diode laser to prepare cold rubidium atoms. We control the laser’s stability using an electronic system and evaluate its performance by measuring the spectral linewidth through the beat signal technique. The measurement indicates a linewidth narrower than 1 MHz, which makes the laser suitable for subsequent experiments. Finally, we adjust the laser frequency to match the rubidium transition frequency between states 5S
1/2, F = 2 ↔ 5P
3/2, F′ = 2, and successfully utilizing the laser to prepare cold rubidium atoms in a magneto-optical trap.
Characterization of the sensing properties of zinc oxide chitosan as an acetone sensor
Authors: Banurea Rahmadhani , Nasution Tulus Ikhsan , Nainggolan Irwana , Balyan Muhammad , Lubis Novia S
Published: December 2023

In this review, the characterization and detecting properties of chitosan/zinc oxide as an acetone sensor has been effectively done in view of the information of the experimental outcomes. . In this study the sensors were fabricated using electrodeposition methods where by chitosan solution concentration of 1.75 % was added with 0.1 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, and 1.5% zinc oxide. The detecting properties were done by uncovering acetone gas with grouping of 1 ppm, 5 ppm, 20 ppm 100 ppm and 200 ppm. The result shows chitosan sensing properties improved with the addition of zinc oxide. The highest response was exhibited from 0.5% zinc oxide when exposed with 100 ppm acetone while the lowest response generated from chitosan 1.75% for 1 ppm. This result attributed to the SEM characterization result of chitosan and chitosan/zinc oxide and bigger pores. Thusly, the expansion of zinc oxide further developed the detecting properties of chitosan as acetone sensor.
Preparation and Characterization of E-PANI-HCL and E-PANI-p-toluensulfonic Acid Indicator Electrodes, SEM-EDX XRD and FTIR Analysis
Authors: Abd Hakim S , Ginting Eva Marlina , Rais Abdul
Published: December 2023

This research aims to create and characterize the E-PANI indicator electrode membrane using SEM-EDX, XRD and FTIR analysis. PANI conductive polymer is better than PPy conductive polymer, o-NPOE variations are 61% and 66% more flexible in PVC-KTpClPB, as well as variations of one/three drops of 0.5 mL U4002 enzyme in PVA, glutaraldehyde (GA 2.9%). The working method of the potentiometric biosensor used is immobilization of the U4002 enzyme so that the analyte is urea. The multi membrane indicator electrode is E-PANI compared to E-PPy. The membrane consists of four layers, each coated only once on each indicator electrode. The E-PANI membrane analyzed by XRD produces a spectrum pattern with an intensity of 4400.0 (a.u) around 28.64 degrees, similarly E-PPy produces a spectrum pattern with an intensity of 224 (a.u) around 44.54 degrees. FTIR analysis shows an increase in % Transmittance by the indicator electrode using the PANI-HCl conducting polymer instead of PPy-H2SO4. Based on SEM-EDX, XRD and FTIR analysis, the best conductive polymer is PANI-HCl-6 M compared to PPy-H2SO4-8 M