bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nesting of arboreal ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in artificial substrates in coffee plantations in the Colombian Andes
Authors: López-Dávila Andrés Jireh , Escobar-Ramírez Selene , Armbrecht Inge
Published: March 2021

Ants can provide pest biocontrol for coffee crops; however, this ecosystem service may decline in intensively managed plantations due to the loss of nesting resources. Considering how to increase the number of ants, we studied if they nest in different types of artificial substrates attached to coffee bushes both in shade-grown and sun-grown coffee plantations. Three independent tests were conducted at some coffee plantations in southwestern Colombia with the purpose of answering the following questions: 1) Do ants nest in artificial substrates made from recyclable materials? 2) Do the types of substrate (materials and configuration) and coffee management (shade-grown vs. sun-grown coffee) affect colonization rates, richness, and identity of colonizing ants? 3) Does time affect substrate colonization rates? Each experiment independently compared different substrate materials and designs, in both shade and sun-grown coffee. Results showed preference of one of the substrates offered and higher nesting rates in shade-grown plantations. Eight ant species were found nesting in artificial substrates, most of them being arboreal generalists. A higher number of ant species colonized substrates in shade-grown plantations; however, the effect was not statistically significant. Nesomyrmex asper and Crematogaster spp. were always found nesting in both types of plantation. There was a trend to increase nesting activity with time in shade-grown coffee but not in sun-grown coffee. Evidence supports that offering artificial substrates enhances arboreal ant nesting in coffee plantations.
Polylactic acid-based wood-plastic 3D printing composite and its properties
Authors: Liu Lingxiao , Lin Maohai , Xu Zhang , Lin Meiqi
Published: March 2021

Wood-plastic composites for 3D printing from plant fiber (bleached pulp powder, mechanical pulp powder, newspaper pulp powder, eucalyptus powder, pine powder, and lignin) and polylactic acid (PLA), with silane coupling agent (KH550) as plasticizer, were prepared via melt extrusion. The physical properties, such as surface morphology, apparent density, tensile strength, melt flow rate, compatibility, and thermal stability were measured. Moreover, the effects of the content of various types of plant fiber powder in PLA on the properties of the prepared composites were investigated. The results showed that the modified lignin/PLA composite exhibited a superior performance under the same added amount. In particular, when the amount of lignin added was 15%, the tensile strength of the composite was 74.0% higher than that of pure PLA, and the melt flow rate was reduced by 17.8% compared with pure PLA. The density of the composite increased 15.8% compared with pure PLA when the lignin content was 20%. The scanning electron microscopy cross-sectional morphology and differential scanning calorimetry analyses showed that the optimal addition amount of lignin was 15%. Finally, the prepared lignin/PLA composite material was used in 3D printing with a smooth silky property and an excellent printing performance.
Legibility of prints on paper made from Japanese knotweed
Authors: Možina Klementina , Bračko Sabina , Kovačević Dorotea , Blaznik Barbara , Možina Klemen
Published: March 2021

The spread of invasive alien plant species (IAPS) is a leading reason for worldwide environmental change due to their effects on biodiversity and humans. Some valued goods from IAPS have been produced, e.g. paper that consists of cellulose fibres from Japanese knotweed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the usability of this paper grade as a printing substrate, since it does not have ideal optical properties as it is expected from commercial office paper. Because it is widely used, inkjet printing technology was employed. Print permanence is essential, especially when printing documents. However, typographic characteristics must be considered to make a text more legible. Two widely used typefaces (Arial and Times) were tested in three commonly used type sizes (8 pt, 10 pt, and 12 pt). The results showed that the paper made from Japanese knotweed could have valuable properties and suitable legibility, especially when using typefaces with a moderate counter size, high x-height, and minimal differences in the letter stroke width to obtain an appropriate typographic tonal density with an adequate type size. Even after exposure to light, the texts printed in a proper type size and stroke width remained visible.
Preparation and characterization of lignin-TiO2 UV-shielding composite material by induced synthesis with nanofibrillated cellulose
Authors: Guo Daliang , Zhang Jinmeng , Sha Lizheng , Liu Bei , Zhang Xin , Zhang Xiumei , Xue Guoxin
Published: March 2021

It is desirable to develop biodegradable ultraviolet (UV)-shielding materials from renewable resources, as the demand for sustainability is ever increasing. In this work, a novel lignin-TiO2 UV-shielding composite was synthesized successfully via a hydrothermal method induced by nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). Comprehensive characterization showed that the lignin-TiO2@NFC composite induced by NFC had good nanoparticle size, shape, and thermal stability. The sunscreen performance of lignin-TiO2@NFC was investigated via mixture with unmodified hand cream. The UV-visible (vis) transmission spectra results revealed that the unmodified cream with 10 wt% lignin-TiO2@NFC absorbed approximately 90% of UV light in the full UV band (200 nm to 400 nm), which indicated that lignin-TiO2@NFC had a good UV-shielding ability.
The Pediatric Workforce: Recent Data Trends, Questions, and Challenges for the Future
Authors: Vinci Robert J.
Published: March 2021

The future of the pediatric workforce has been the subject of significant dialogue in the pediatric community and generated much discussion in the academic literature. There are significant concerns regarding the ability of pediatricians to meet the growing demands of our pediatric population. Over the past 5 years, there has been a decline in the percentage of doctor of osteopathic medicine students who pursue a career in pediatrics but an equally important increase in the number of pediatric positions that are filled by doctor of osteopathic medicine students and international medical graduates. Although there has been an increase in the number of pediatric positions offered in the National Resident Matching Program, the last 4 years have seen a significant increase in the number of unfilled pediatric positions. A number of pediatric subspecialties struggle to fill their training positions, and those with low match rates may have 20% to 40% fewer applicants than positions. The pediatric vision for the future must include a commitment to a comprehensive strategic planning process with the many organizations involved across the multiple stages of the educational continuum. It is time to elucidate and address the questions raised by the workforce data. Developing solutions to these questions will require a careful planning process and a thoughtful analysis of the pediatric workforce data. Establishing this as an important priority will require a major collaborative effort between pediatric academic and professional organizations, but the future benefit to the nation’s children will be significant.
EXAMINING THE OPINION OF EXPERTS IN JUDO ON THE NEED FOR A TRAINING METHODOLOGY FOR CHILDREN AGED 7 TO 10
Authors: Yaneva Anzhelina , Lukanova Valeria
Published: March 2021

Using the survey method, a study of Judo coach opinion in Bulgaria on the need to introduce a Judo training methodology for different ages, particularly for children aged 7 to 10, was conducted. Several statistical methods have been used. The results of the study were processed in percentage by the Excel program and presented graphically. The study shows that most judo specialists are convinced that it is necessary to develop a teaching and training methodology for all ages and especially for children. Experts also give their opinion on the important aspects of the training that should be included in the training methodology.
The Monastic Landscape of Adiabene in the First Centuries of Islam
Authors: Novacek Karel , Wood Philip
Published: March 2021

The article considers the archaeological and literary evidence for Christian populations in provinceof Hadyab (Adiabene) in northern Iraq in the 5th to 9th centuries AD. We argue that there was a conspicuous expansion of settlements, both rural and urban, clustered around newly built churches, monasteries and fortifications in the 7th century. We link this to local Christian aristocrats (shahregan), who flourished under the light tax regime of the Early Caliphate and are discussed in contemporary Syriac hagiography.
Maternal Mortality Rates in the United States, 2019
Authors: Hoyert L. Donna
Published: March 2021

This report presents maternal mortality rates for 2019 based on data from the National Vital Statistics System.
Optical Analysis of A Sliding-Type Cylindrical Fresnel Lens Concentrating Collector for Agricultural Greenhouse
Authors: He Qian , Zheng Hongfei ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China, Ma Xinglong ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China, Wang Ge ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China,   School of Physics and Electronics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
Published: March 2021

Agricultural greenhouses are commonly built around cities to supply residents with agricultural products or green plants. With an increasing demand for plants’ growing environment, the temperature and illumination inside the greenhouses are counted especially during cold winter. This paper proposes a new construction idea of an energy-saving agricultural greenhouse, by which a solar energy collector is added onto the agricultural greenhouse to improve the energy utilization efficiency. Besides, the solar collector does not occupy extra land resource and merely influence the illumination inside the greenhouse. The design and modeling of solar system are introduced in accordance with the actual parameters of agricultural greenhouse. Then the characteristics of energy collection and inner house’s illumination are elaborated by simulation. It shows that when the inclination incident angle of the sunlight ranges from -38° to 38°, the receiving efficiency of ray in receiver is more than 80%. This implies that the system can work about 5 hours in heat collection. The light environment and the thermal environment are both important. When scattered and direct light are set 40% and 60% of daylight, respectively, the illumination of ground is up to 8.38×105 Lux. The minimum illumination is not less than 4.22×105 Lux. In addition, the illumination of rear wall ranges from 3.05×105 Lux to 7.62×105 Lux. Thus, the light environment in the greenhouse is not influenced and all the indoor activities could be maintained. Finally, local meteorological data are combined with simulated solar collection results to evaluate the economy. It shows that the system could provide about 1887.8 MJ/m2 in six cold months, which approximately equals to 6153.9$ per year.
INCIDENCE OF DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS IN FLOATING KNEE
Authors: ALENCAR NETO JONATAS BRITO DE , LIRA RÉJELOS CHARLES AGUIAR , CAVALCANTE RAFAEL DA SILVA , LOPES MARCIO BEZERRA GADELHA , SOUSA CLODOALDO JOSÉ DUARTE DE , LIMA DIEGO ARIEL DE
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in ipsilateral femur and tibial fractures (floating knee). Methods: This is a retrospective, analytical, observational study conducted with the medical records of thirty patients admitted to a trauma hospital between October 2016 and July 2017 with floating knee. Results: Patients aged between 21-30 years were the most affected by the condition (36%). Seventeen patients affected the dominant limb (57%); 19 (63%) patients were classified as Fraser type I, 18 (60%) had open (compound) fractures, 16 (53%) tibial fractures, and 8 (26%) femoral fractures. External fixation of the femur and tibia (25 patients = 83%) was the most common emergency treatment. In total, 17% of patients presented deep venous thrombosis (p = 0.409). Conclusion: Despite antithrombotic prophylaxis, the incidence of DVT in the affected limb of patients with floating knee was high. We found patients with Fraser I fractures, male, and with fractures in the non-dominant limb to present a higher chance of developing DVT. Level of Evidence III, Comparative retrospective study .
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE TREATMENT OF CLAVICLE FRACTURES: INTRAMEDULLARY NAIL × PLATE
Authors: STORTI THIAGO MEDEIROS , CAMILO MAURÍCIO SIQUEIRA , SILVA RAFAEL FRANCISCO ALVES , FARIA RAFAEL SALOMON SILVA , SIMIONATTO CAROLINA LIMA , PANIAGO ALEXANDRE FIRMINO
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: Studies confirm the benefit of surgical treatment for fixation of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. Plate fixation and intramedullary nail are the two most used techniques. Our study seeks to compare these two surgical techniques. Methods: This is a retrospective study, conducted by the evaluation of patients treated for displaced midshaft clavicle fracture with intramedullary nail, and plate and screws. Socioeconomic variables were collected, a visual pain scale questionnaire was applied, the shoulder function was measured using CONSTANT and UCLA scores, and radiography was performed to verify the consolidation and evaluation of the final clavicle shortening. Results: Sixty-five patients were evaluated, 36 (55.4%) of which were subjected to clavicle fixation with plate and screws and 29 (44.6%) with intramedullary nail. The median shortening was 0.1mm for plate and 5.8mm for nail (p = 0.001). The UCLA score shows an average of 35 in the plate group and 35 in the intramedullary group. The median CONSTANT scores were 96.5 for plate and 95 for nail, without significance. In all groups, 13 (20%) complications were registered, 9 fixed with plate and 4 fixed with intramedullary nail. The most common complication was skin erosion with exposure of the synthetic material. Conclusion: The two techniques present satisfactory results for the treatment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. Level of Evidence III, Therapeutic Studies Investigating the Results of Treatment.
CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER TWO-STAGE BICRUCIATE KNEE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: INADA MAURO MITUSO , PIEDADE SÉRGIO ROCHA
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To correlate clinical and intraoperative findings with the postoperative evaluation of two-stage bicruciate knee ligament reconstruction. Methods: The study was conducted with 25 patients (20 men and 05 women) with mean age of 32.3 years, mean body mass index (BMI) of 26.2, and mean lesion duration of 18.3 months. The treatment consisted of an Inlay reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) followed by the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, at least 3 months after the first surgical procedure. Four patients required additional procedures: patellar tendon (02), medial collateral ligament (MCL) (02). Results: With an average follow-up of 24.8 months, 60% of the patients scored zero or + at the posterior drawer test, while 40% scored ++; 60% of patients were evaluated as good/excellent according to the Lysholm scale. Only one patient reached the pre-injury Tegner activity level. Injury duration had a negative influence on functional limitation, vitality, and mental health (SF-36). Conclusion: Although two-stage bicruciate knee ligament reconstruction improved knee stability and self-assessment, 96% of patients did not recover their pre-injury state. In the 36-item short form survey (SF-36), injury duration was inversely correlated with self-assessment of functional capacity, physical limitation, vitality, and mental health. Level of Evidence II, retrospective study.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY IN SOCCER PLAYERS IN THE BRAZILIAN CHAMPIONSHIP
Authors: NITTA CONRADO TAZIMA , BALDAN ARTHUR RODRIGUES , COSTA LUCAS PLENS DE BRITTO , COHEN MOISES , PAGURA JORGE ROBERTO , ARLIANI GUSTAVO GONÇALVES
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate and collect epidemiological data on injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee in professional soccer players of the Brazilian Championship. Methods: Transversal study, with information extracted from the online data platform www.transfermrkt.com.br (Transfermarkt GmbH & Co. KG), with 5 seasons (2015 - 2019) of the Brazilian championship series A and B being analyzed and revised by 3 researchers. Results: 52 injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament were detected, with a mean age of 26,3 years, time off due to injury of 244.5 ±31.6 days, regardless of the division. Forwarders and defenders had the highest incidences of injury without statistically significant difference, but they had greater chances than goalkeepers, left/right backs and midfielders. Conclusion: The incidence of injury to the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee in professional football players in the first and second divisions of the Brazilian soccer championship between 2015 and 2019 is 0.414 per 1,000 hours of play, a value similar to described in the literature. The incidence of the injury varies according to the player’s field position, being the forwarders and defenders the most injured players. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective study.
THE NEW INJURIES’ RISK AFTER ACL RECONSTRUCTION MIGHT BE REDUCED WITH FUNCTIONAL TRAINING
Authors: GALI JULIO CESAR , FADEL GUILIA WENDT , MARQUES MARCOS FELIPE , ALMEIDA TYAGO ARAÚJO , GALI FILHO JULIO CESAR , FARIA FELIPE ALEXANDRE SEPAROVIC
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate if functional training with the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) can reduce the risk of a new injury for patients that underwent an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Our hypothesis was that the functional training might reduce the risk of a new injury. Methods: Our training protocol consisted of six phases, each one lasting six weeks. It began two months after surgery. The study group was composed of 10 individuals that completed our protocol after ACLR. The control group consisted of 10 people that completed a regular ACLR rehabilitation protocol. The FMS was used to compare the study and control group performance. Patients with a score of 14 or less on the FMS were considered more likely to suffer an injury than those with a score higher than 14. Results: The study group average FMS score was 16.6 compared to the control group at 12.3. Functional training for ACLR rehabilitation added a statistically significant benefit (p < 0.0002) to reduce the risk of a new injury compared to regular protocol. Conclusion: Functional training may be considered an alternative to the regular ACLR rehabilitation to reduce the risk of a new injury before returning to sports. Level of Evidence III, Case control study.
Operações do pensamento histórico de jovens estudantes: um estudo sobre a concepção de evidência
Authors: Reis Aaron Sena Cerqueira
Published: March 2021

RESUMO Neste artigo, analisamos as operações do pensamento histórico de jovens estudantes buscando enfatizar a concepção de “evidência”, ideia preconizada pelo campo da Educação Histórica. Mediante a produção de narrativas escritas, perscrutamos a forma como o adolescente se apropria de referências históricas para respaldar suas opiniões, interpretar conceitos substantivos e perspectivar seu próprio futuro. O estudo foi realizado em uma escola pública estadual, localizada no Butantã, em São Paulo, entre maio e junho de 2016. Participaram 106 estudantes, entre 12 e 16 anos de idade, dos gêneros masculino e feminino, do 8º e do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Os dados foram coletados a partir de um questionário e analisados segundo os pressupostos da Grounded Theory, com auxílio do software IRAMUTEQ. Os resultados mostraram as dificuldades do jovem no processo de construção do pensamento histórico, denotando a complexidade desta operação mental.
What has driven the growth of Brazil´s residential electricity consumption during the last 19 years? An index decomposition analysis
Authors: Abrahão Karla Cristina de Freitas Jorge , Souza Roberta Vieira Gonçalves de
Published: March 2021

Abstract Residential electricity consumption in Brazil has been growing during the last few decades, creating a potential opportunity to expand energy efficiency measures. However, the dimension of the sector and its closed relationship with the economic, cultural, and demographic processes causes a certain complexity in the understanding of patterns of consumption, creating additional challenges to energy policies. This study analyzed and decomposed the Brazilian residential electricity consumption between the years of 2000 and 2018, by driving factors through the LMDI-I method and IDA index, on regional level. All the data were obtained by official sources in the country. The main results obtained were: (i) the increase of household numbers was found to be one of the main drivers of consumption growth; (ii) household income showed no control over consumption in hot climate regions, except in low- income households; (iii) tariff showed to impose restrictions on consumption, also mainly in low-income households. Unprecedentedly, the results showed that the electricity consumption in Brazil varies with population age, with a trend of consumption growth up to the age 59, and a sharp reduction from the age of 60. The study presents opportunities to be contemplated in research and in energy policies.
OS IMPACTOS DA COVID-19 NAS MIGRAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS E NA EFETIVAÇÃO DE DIREITOS EDUCATIVOS DE MIGRANTES E REFUGIADOS ADULTOS – NOTAS DE PESQUISA
Authors: Silva Rita de Cassia da Cruz , Di Pierro Maria Clara
Published: March 2021

2020 expôs a condição de vulnerabilidade do ser humano com a eclosão de uma pandemia que atingiu o mundo globalizado. No campo das migrações internacionais, os processos foram marcados por uma ruptura, em função das medidas de confinamento, adotadas pelos países para conter a Covid-19. O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o impacto dessas medidas nas migrações internacionais, nos migrantes, bem como na efetivação de seus direitos educativos. O texto é uma análise exploratória apoiada em revisão bibliográfica e documental, subdividido em duas partes: a primeira, um panorama das vulnerabilidades às quais os migrantes estão submetidos; a segunda, referente às consequências sobre seus direitos educativos. A adoção do ensino remoto emergencial sem a necessária preparação de alunos ou professores, a não consideração das limitações tecnológicas e sociais, e a não observação das especificidades de migrantes e refugiados adultos podem levar a novos mecanismos de exclusão e à restrição de direitos educativos.
Assessment Measures in Game-based Learning Research
Authors: Gris Gabriele , Bengtson Clarissa
Published: March 2021

The use of games in educational contexts is well documented in GBL research. Nevertheless, effectiveness evidence needs to be more extensively analyzed. An effective GBL strategy should address the learning aspects and promote players' engagement in an easy-to-use system. To gather the information already present in literature, we sought to answer how learning, engagement, and usability of games are evaluated in GBL research. We conducted a systematic review of empirical studies in ERIC, IEEE, Springer, and Web of Science databases. We included 91 studies for the final analysis and categorized their measures and instruments. We find a prevalence of learning assessments over engagement and usability assessments. Learning is mainly evaluated by direct measures, while indirect measures mostly assess engagement and usability. The use of indirect measures and instruments without psychometric qualities compromises the strength of the evidence for the effectiveness of game-based learning. Future studies should add direct assessments and indirect measures with psychometric qualities to assess engagement and usability. The study’s limitations are discussed.
The effects of playing the COSMA cognitive games in dementia
Authors: Bojan Kartheka , Stavropoulos Thanos G. , Lazarou Ioulietta , Nikolopoulos Spiros , Kompatsiaris Ioannis , Tsolaki Magda , Mukaetova-Ladinska Elizabeta , Christogianni Aikaterini
Published: March 2021

Brain Training games are increasingly gaining attention as a non-pharmacological intervention to promote well-being and quality of life in people living with dementia.  Herein we present the COSMA software and a pilot study to evaluate its impact on the emotions of people in the spectrum of dementia. The software was created in accordance to the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines as a ‘brain-stimulating’ software for use by people with cognitive impairment i.e., mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early dementia. The pilot study aims to investigate whether the current COSMA game designs have an impact on emotions in people with MCI and early dementia. The emotional evaluation before and after playing COSMA games was carried out using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Our findings demonstrated a small, but significant increase in positive emotions (MCI: p= 0.041; early dementia: p= 0.042) and decrease in negative emotions (MCI: p= 0.001; early dementia: p< 0.001). These preliminary results showed that people with MCI and early dementia experienced positive emotions while playing the COSMA games, suggesting that people with cognitive impairment may benefit from using the COSMA software regularly.
The Mongolian People’s Revolution of 1921 in the Works of Some Chinese Scientists
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ochirov Tsyden
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the Mongol revolution of 1921 and the independence of Mongolia for modern China. In Russian historiography, this problem is not adequately addressed, although in fact the events of the Mongol revolution of 1921 and its consequences were of great importance for China. Undoubtedly, the independence of Outer Mongolia declared after the revolution is a great territorial loss for China, which is clearly expressed in the present position of the PRC. Therefore, in this work, much attention is paid to the works of Chinese authors.
Policy of Reform and Openness of China and Strategy “One Belt, One Road”
Authors:   Educational Center “Hello”, Tsyrempilova Viktoria
Published: March 2021

One of the mechanisms of policy of reform and openness is economic strategy «One belt, One road», which with other projects unite many countries. The article examines political changes that influence on modern social-economic development of China, also the formation of strategy of «One belt, One road» strategy.
Confliction and Integration Potential of Interethnic and Migration Relations in Krasnoyarsk Region Today
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Zadorin Artem
Published: March 2021

In this paper the results of monitoring of ethno-confessional situation in Krasnoyarsk region in November and December 2019 are showed. Confliction and integration potential of interethnic and migration relations is analyzed.
The Fate of People and Machines
Authors:   Baikal State University, Parkhomov Vladimir
Published: March 2021

An attempt was made to relate to one source the fate of a man born at the Krutoy mine and who died in fascist captivity and the history of a machine whose existence ended at the mine created at the Nikolaev Ironworks, the construction director of which was Ivan Antonovich Barozzi de Els.
Commemorative Books of the Russian Empire as a Historical Legal Document
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kuras Tatyana , Kuras Sofia ,   Irkutsk State Transport University
Published: March 2021

The author examines commemorative books as a source of study of the judiciary and the prison authorities of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The quantitative and personal composition of the officials of these bodies, their changes over the years are analyzed. Significant differences have been revealed in the placement of information about employees of these bodies in the commemorative books of various provinces and regions.
Economic Historiography in Researches of D.Y. Maydachevsky: the 60th Anniversary
Authors:   Baikal State University, Kuzmin Yuriy , Shalak Alexander ,   Baikal State University
Published: March 2021

This article is devoted to the review of scientific searches of the leading Russian specialist in the field of economic historiography, candidate of economic sciences, associate professor of Baikal State University D.Y. Maydachevsky, who celebrated his 60th anniversary in February 2020.
The Person is on His Place: To the Anniversary of V.V. Kudryashov
Authors:   Bratsk State University, Kovrigina Snezana , Maksimova Valentina ,   Bratsk State University, Tsykunov Grigory ,   Baikal State University
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to PhD in Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Bratsk state University V.V. Kudryashov. The author reviews the main facts of his biography, his main pedagogical and scientific activity.
Barguzin Ostrog in Time and Administrative Space
Authors:   Baikal State University, Vahrushev Yuriy
Published: March 2021

This monograph is presented to the historians and all interested readers, the object of study, which was the history of the emergence and development of one of the oldest settlements in the way of expansion of Russian statehood.
Memoirs of Partisans About the Civil War in the Amur Region
Authors:   Baikal State University, Raspopina Alena
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes a collection of memoirs of participants in the partisan struggle in the Amur region during the Civil war and intervention.
Study of ANC and immediate PNC mothers admitted with severe anemia in GMC Chandrapur
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India, Shrirame Dr. Deepti V , Waikar Dr. M.R. ,   Professor and HOD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India
Published: March 2021

Maternal mortality continues to be a major health problem in the developing world. About 20% ofcases of maternal mortality are due to anemia (preventable cause). Objectives: 1. To define thegeographical areas around Chandrapur from where the cases of anemia are referred. 2. To co-relatevariables like maternal age, gestational age, parity and the time elapsed between last childbirth andcurrent pregnancy. Materials and Methods: Hb of ANC and immediate PNC patients referred withsevere anemia was estimated with Sahli’s Haemoglobinometer. Inclusion criteria: 257 ANC andimmediate postpartum patients admitted between July 2016 to September 2016 with severe anemiaand transfused with blood. Exclusion criteria: anemia due to acute blood loss.Results: 77.8%severe anemia cases were between 21 to 30 years.22% were from Chandrapur taluka.12.8%casesfrom Rajura and10.12% from Korpana taluka,68.26% cases had gestational age more than 28weeks.59.92%cases were multipara. In 84.42% of cases last childbirth was less than 3years.20%cases were of sickle cell anemia patients. There were no cases of abruption placentae,surgical wound infection and maternal mortality. No patient had postpartum haemorrhage as weremanaged with active management of the third stage of labour and prophylactic 3 tablets ofmisoprostol per rectum. There were 12 preterm deliveries with no intrauterine deaths. Conclusion:Peripheral preventive services must be strengthened on a priority basis in Chandrapur, Ballarpur,Rajura and Korpana talukas which belong to south Chandrapur where the tribal area is predominant.Probable causes in these areas might be related to culture, ignorance, dietary habits and availabilityof medical staff which needs to be addressed. Effective counselling regarding early registration,restriction of parity, contraception for spacing births, diet and iron and folic acid supplementation isessential for preventing anemia.
The Potential of Prenatal Diagnosis in the Early Detection of Congenital Malformations
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ", Albu Cristina-Crenguta ,   Carol Davila",   , Bucharest, Romania, Albu Dinu-Florin ,   Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology "Prof. Dr. Panait Sirbu", Bucharest, Romania, Albu Stefan-Dimitrie ,   PhD Student, Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest, Romania
Published: March 2021

We present a unique association of fetal malformations very early diagnosed by ultrasoundexamination, at 14 weeks of gestation. A 28-year-old pregnant female, was addressed in a privatemedical center from Bucharest, Romania, for a routine ultrasound screening. A detailed ultrasoundevaluation of the fetus showed numerous and significant cephalic and heart malformations. Theultrasound examination of the fetal head suggest the diagnosis of fetal lobar hydrocephalus, and theultrasound examination of the fetal heart suggest the transposition of the great vessels. The parentswere informed about the severity of the fetal malformations and decided to terminate the pregnancydue to medical reasons. Anatomopathological examination confirmed the prenatal diagnosis. Firsttrimester ultrasonography was crucial in the early prenatal diagnosis and management of themalformed fetus with a unique association of fetal malformations.
TEACHER EXCELLENCE IN THE LECTURES ON LINGUISTIC DISCIPLINES
Authors: Strizhnova Mariana
Published: March 2021

Background: On the modern stage of development of excellence in lecturing, many innovative technologies and methods to perfect presentation skills of teachers are used. However, these methods are not always effective at teaching of the Humanities. This article considers ways to enhance teaching excellence in lecturing on Linguistics to Philology majors.

Purpose: to systematize and describe alternative types of lectures for teaching linguistic disciplines.

Discussion: The consideration of non-traditional types of lectures has enabled systematization of those which are effective for teaching linguistic disciplines. They include: problem-based lecture, lecture-conversation, binary lecture (two lecturers), lecture-visualisation, lecture with feedback and brainstorming. It is worthwhile to implement combined non-traditional lectures and interdisciplinary approach which will provide the blended learning with an emphasis on Science, the Humanities and general professional training.

Results: The author offers tips on how to enhance the quality of lecture materials, manner of presentation and interaction with the audience. Additionally, some typical lecturer’s mistakes were also considered in the paper.

teaching in the tertiary school; methods of teaching; non-traditional lectures; linguistic disciplines.
Software Testing Methodologies: A Information Review
Authors: Prof. Prashant Keswani Prof. Sapana Desai,
Published: March 2021

In today’s Complex era, the need for simplest software application has increased massively. The quality of such a  handy application along with adequate testing is the biggest challenge one can face. Software Testing is an integral part of any software development which has to be followed right from the sapling phase of development. This paper focuses on testing methodologies which are used prior along with testing techniques for quality assurance and best of the quality.
Function of the Family Unit, Oral Hygiene Rules and Attitudes to Dental Health in Children During First-Wave 2020 COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Blumer Sigalit , Dagon Nurit , Peretz Benjamin , Ratson Tal , Kharouba Johnny
Published: March 2021

Objective: To examine whether general and dental health and habits of families were affected by the first-wave lockdown due to COVID-19, and whether these habits were related to family functioning, resilience and stress. Study design: A cross-sectional study using an online survey disseminated among families with kindergarten and primary school-aged children during the lockdown of March and April 2020. Results: A total of 361 respondents completed the survey. Most respondents adapted well to the changes imposed by lockdown and reported that they and their children had low anxiety levels and high mental resilience. Family functioning and behavior were positively correlated with nutrition habits and hygiene. General hygiene was positively correlated with oral hygiene. Respondents who reported requiring dental care had difficulties gaining access to it. Most respondents perceived that it is important to improve patients’ digital access to pediatricians and dentists during crises. Conclusion: The study showed that better family functioning was associated with better family hygiene and nutrition, parental resilience and lower mental stress among children.
Prefabricated Zirconia Crowns – A Solution to Treat Hypomineralized Permanent Molars: Report of a Case
Authors: Casián-Adem Jorge , Cobos Lizette , Waggoner William F , Fuks Anna B
Published: March 2021

The presence of carious lesions in children associated with developmental defects of enamel is frequently observed. Restoring these affected teeth can be a challenge for the clinician. Teeth with enamel defects may have poor or limited resin adhesion and some may require repeated restoration. Prefabricated zirconia permanent molar crowns were recently introduced as an option for restoring severely decayed and broken down young permanent molars. These new restorations offer an efficient, esthetic, and economic option to restore severely broken down carious permanent molars that may be associated with enamel defects in partially or fully erupted molars.

A clinical case of a 13-year-old female patient is presented. She had a mandibular second permanent molar that demonstrated significant caries and loss of much of the clinical crown, which was treated with a vital pulpotomy and restored with a prefabricated zirconia crown.
Postoperative Bleeding Complications after Stainless Steel Crown Placement: A Case Series
Authors: Helder Colleen , Fleagle Jenelle , Alimorad Lida , Cottam Michael
Published: March 2021

Stainless steel crown (SSC) placement is a common pediatric restorative treatment, generally completed with minimal complications. Discussed in this case series are two patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) with moderate oral bleeding persisting more than 12 hours after oral rehabilitation under general anesthesia. Bleeding incidence after pediatric oral rehabilitation has been found to range from 20% to 40%, with most being considered mild and significantly associated with extractions. There is limited documentation regarding moderate, persistent postoperative bleeding associated with placement of preformed metal crowns. The objective of this paper is to raise awareness of postoperative bleeding following SSC placement, discuss probable causes to minimize complications in the future, and discuss the local measures that were used to obtain hemostasis.
Success of Biodentine and Ferric Sulfate as Pulpotomy Materials in Primary Molars: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Brar Kelsey A , Kratunova Evelina , Avenetti David , da Fonseca Marcio A , Marion Ian , Alapati Satish
Published: March 2021

Objective: To determine the clinical and radiographic success of Biodentine® (BD) and Ferric Sulfate (FS) as primary molar pulpotomy materials and to compare their outcomes. Study design: Retrospective data was obtained from the electronic health records (EHR) of a university-based pediatric dental clinic. Participants were enrolled according to specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two trained and calibrated examiners evaluated the EHR using validated criteria for clinical and radiographic outcomes. Study data was numerically coded and analyzed. Cohen’s Kappa and Chi-square tests were used (p<0.05). Results: Eighty-three participants (62.7% females, age range two to eight years, average age of 4.5 years) with 102 pulpotomies were enrolled. FS was used in 78% (n=79) and BD in 22% (n=23) of the cases. Follow-up periods ranged from six to 36 months (mean of 17 months). BD showed 100% clinical and radiographic success, while FS demonstrated 84% clinical and 70% radiographic success. The two groups were compared at one year with no statistically significant differences. At 18 months, BD outperformed FS clinically (p=.012) and radiographically (p=.001). Intra-rater and inter-rater agreement were κ>0.88. Conclusions: Both materials can be recommended for clinical practice, however BD may be the preferred choice for its better outcomes at 18 months.
Rapid Damage Scenario Assessment for Earthquake Emergency Management
Authors: Poggi Valerio , Scaini Chiara , Moratto Luca , Peressi Gabriele , Comelli Paolo , Bragato Pier Luigi , Parolai Stefano
Published: March 2021

The rapid availability of reliable damage statistics, after the occurrence of a major earthquake, is an essential mitigation strategy to drive and support emergency intervention operations. Unfortunately, the latency in collecting and organizing actual damage information has a substantial impact on the efficiency of the initial phases of the intervention framework. To speedup preliminary management operations, a quick, although, coarse prediction of the expected damage is highly desirable.

For this purpose, we have developed a system for rapid damage estimation. The system, presently implemented for the Friuli Venezia Giulia region, relies on the existing seismological monitoring infrastructure of the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS), which is responsible for delivering earthquake alerts in northeastern Italy.

In case of a major earthquake event, the predicted damage is automatically computed using the OpenQuake software engine by means of ad hoc structural exposure and fragility models developed for the region. Damage calculations rely on a combination of actual observed ground motion from the stations of the OGS seismological network and empirical prediction using the ShakeMaps software developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The resulting damage scenario, aggregated at municipality level, is finally delivered to the control room of the regional civil protection in support of early intervention activities.

Although, the system is presently still under active development, a number of experimental trials have confirmed the reliability and the usefulness of the proposed approach. We are confident that the current research will contribute in mitigating the impact of possible future damaging earthquakes by (1) guiding targeted postevent emergency interventions, (2) increasing the preparedness and response capacity of emergency teams and population through preparatory training activities, and (3) supporting the decision-making process during the recovery phase, hence enhancing resilience.
Hybrid Automata: An Algorithmic Approach Behavioral Hybrid Systems
Authors: Ballamudi Venkata Koteswara Rao
Published: March 2021

Hybrid automata strategies have advanced as a vital tool to design, check and direct the execution of hybrid systems. Any way they can – and we assume should – be utilized to communicate quantitative models about hybrid systems in different areas, for example, experimental sciences. Since the conventional design of hybrid automata compares well to consecutively integrate behavioral chains in living creatures, we look for a use of hybrid modeling procedures in the social sciences and, particularly, brain research. We attempt to address the question related to how human drivers move onto an expressway and simultaneously utilize this study as our test-bed for utilizing hybrid automata inside behavioral sciences. Hybrid automata give a language to displaying and exploring advanced and simple calculations in real-time systems. Hybrid automata are studied here from a dynamical systems point of view. Essential and adequate conditions for the presence and uniqueness of arrangements are inferred and a class of hybrid automata whose arrangements rely consistently upon the underlying state is described. The outcomes on presence, uniqueness, and progression fill in as a beginning stage for solid study. In this paper, we present the structure of hybrid automata as a model and detailed language for hybrid systems. Hybrid automata can be seen as a theory of timed automata, in which the behavior of factors is represented in each state by a bunch of differential conditions. We show that a large number of the models considered in the workshop can be characterized by hybrid automata. While the reachability issue is undecidable in any event, for extremely confined classes of hybrid automata, we present two semi-decision techniques for checking security properties of piecewise-straight hybrid automata, in which all factors change at steady rates. The two techniques are based, individually, on limiting and figuring fix points on for the most part endless state spaces. We show that if the end of the method, at that point they offer the right responses. We then show that for a significant number of the run of the mill workshop models, the strategies do end and hence give an algorithmic approach to confirming their properties.
Cumplimiento de los indicadores de proceso en un programa para el manejo de pacientes que viven con VIH/SIDA
Authors: Bedoya July Alejandra , Correa Andrea del Pilar , Rubiano Perea Luisa Consuelo , Pacheco López Robinson
Published: March 2021

Introduction: HIV/AIDS infection is a public health problem for which multiple control strategies have been developed. Colombia seeks to standardize care in specialized centers, under the recommendations of the current Clinical Practice Guide and with a multidisciplinary intervention. Objective: To determine compliance with management indicators in a program for the management of patients living with HIV/AIDS, in a specialized IPS in Cali Colombia. Methods: An observational, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out in a cohort of patients older than 18 years, who entered the program and started antiretroviral therapy (ART), between January and December 2016. Information from 173 clinical records and data reported in the High Cost Account of patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS was analyzed. Thirteen clinical area indicators were evaluated, all of them process: three for initial evaluations, two for monitoring, six for therapy and two for specific preventions.Results: The institution met 23.1% of the indicators met the goal established by the consensus of the CAC; 100% compliance with the recommendations was identified in 11% of the population and regarding the optimal virological response, 72.8% achieved undetectable viral load results between week 9 and week 117 after the start of ART; 69.3% reported viral suppression before week 48 and viral load was evaluated in 1.2% of the population. Conclusion: Compliance with the management indicators of the clinical practice guide (CPG) was low and they are related to administrative barriers.