bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disagreements do not automatically raise the standard of precision
Authors: Wu Yifan , Aparicio Helena
Published: January 2025

Speakers often choose to utter imprecise sentences that, albeit felicitous, are, strictly speaking, false (e.g., using 'This bottle is empty’ to describe a bottle with a bit of water in it). The acceptability of an imprecise utterance hinges on the standard of precision (SoP), a discourse parameter that governs how much imprecision is tolerated in a context. Previous theoretical accounts (e.g., Lewis 1979, Klecha 2018) have argued that metalinguistic denials that target the assertability of an imprecise utterance (e.g., ‘No, this bottle is not empty!’) more or less force accommodation to a higher SoP. The present study investigates the nature of this accommodation process. In particular, we ask whether metalinguistic disagreements result in an automatic update of the SoP. In two acceptability judgment experiments, we show that imprecise utterances are not deemed unacceptable when embedded in a disagreement dialogue. Our findings instead suggest that metalinguistic denials act as a request to raise the SoP and that any potential updates ought to be signaled overtly in subsequent conversational moves.
The Implementation of Policy Equalizing Administrative Positions into Functional Positions in Central Buton Regency
Authors: Asmiddin Asmiddin , Tenri Andi , Nurfitriani Wa Ode
Published: January 2025

This research aims to elaborate the implementation of the policy of equalizing administrative positions into functional positions at the Central Buton Regency Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency (PHRDA) as measured by organization, interpretation and implementation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The researchers act as the main instrument by using purposive sampling as a technique for determining informants. Data sources are primary data and secondary data. Data was collected using interview, observation and documentation techniques. Data were analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions drawing. The results of the research show that the implementation of the policy for equalizing administrative positions into functional positions at the PHRDA of Central Buton Regency in the last 1 year after being appointed to their functional positions has not been well organized from 3 aspects. First, organizing: it was found that there was an organizational structure and work procedures (OSWP) used after position equalization is different from the PHRDA OSWP in the 2017-2022 PHRDA strategic plan document. The new OSWP for administrative positions, especially supervisory positions in every field, has been abolished, but in reality, administrative officials still have not had their positions equalized into functional positions, the position map still uses the old position map, the provision of allowances is in accordance with their functional position, educational background, facilities, infrastructure, and the method of implementation are not yet optimal. Second, interpretation found that functional officials whose positions have been equalized still do not understand the main duties and functions as functional officials because from the beginning of policy implementation they have underestimated this policy, functional officials have not developed their careers as follows competency tests or job training that can support careers. Third, implementation found that the process of equalizing positions was not appropriate because not all administrative officials had equal positions so that they were ineffective and inefficient.
Analysis of Knowledge and Use of Artificial Intelligence Among Bloggers in Enugu State
Authors: Ezinwa Chidiebere Anthony , Agbo Benedict Obiora , Ozojukwu Chinenye Goodness
Published: January 2025

This study explored and analyses the knowledge and use of AI among bloggers in Enugu State. One of the major aims of this study is to identify the benefits and limitations of AI for Enugu bloggers. Among the research question is ‘What are the ethical implications of AI for Enugu bloggers? Uses and Gratifications Theory and the Gatekeeping Theory, served as the theoretical framework for this study. This study adopted survey method which gives room for questionnaire & Interview, also simple random sampling technique which allows all members of the population to have equal chance of being included in the study was used. The population of the study is 500 bloggers in Enugu. The sample size was determined using Taro Yamani formula, meanwhile and 222 copies of questionnaire were distributed. This study analysed the response of 200 respondents. A significant majority (92.5%) of respondents believe that AI poses ethical concerns in the field of blogging. The researchers concluded based on the findings that training on AI ethics is crucial to ensure bloggers are well-informed about the ethical implications of AI technology. Thus, it recommended that bloggers should actively seek opportunities to enhance their understanding of AI. This can be achieved through online courses, workshops, and seminars focused on AI and its applications in the field of blogging. Blogging platforms and AI tool providers should explore options to make AI tools more accessible and affordable to bloggers, especially those with limited budgets. They should be mindful of content that may perpetuate biases or stereotypes.
Navigating Reintegration: The Effects of Long-Term Care on Children in Domestic Violence Shelters
Authors: Allmuça Marsela , Bimbashi Eliona Kulluri
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact of long-term stays on the reintegration process of children at the Center “Shelter Edlira Haxhiymeri” (SEH) shelter over the past five years (2019-2023). The shelter provides a crucial support system for about 30-40 children (survivors of violence) annually comes in the shelter with their mothers, addressing complex needs arising from crises. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study analyzes quantitative data on emotional well-being, educational progress, and reintegration outcomes, complemented by qualitative insights from interviews with shelter staff and administrative data collected by SEH.
Quantitative analysis reveals that long-term stays generally promote emotional stability and educational advancement. However, challenges persist, including difficulties with attachment, transition anxiety, and societal reintegration. Emotional well-being scores improved over time, but issues such as attachment difficulties and anxiety about leaving the shelter were prevalent. Educational progress was notable, with children demonstrating increased academic performance during their stay, though adjustments to new educational environments post-reintegration were challenging. Qualitative findings highlight the importance of tailored support and robust follow-up mechanisms. Interviews with shelter staff emphasize the effectiveness of the shelter’s programs in providing emotional and educational support, but also point to the need for enhanced strategies to address reintegration challenges. The study concludes that while long-term stays at the shelter offer significant benefits, targeted interventions are necessary to address persisting challenges. Recommendations include strengthening psychological support, ensuring educational continuity, enhancing family and community engagement, and implementing comprehensive follow-up programs. This research contributes valuable insights into the effectiveness of long-term residential care and offers practical guidance for improving reintegration outcomes for children in similar settings.
Analisa Over Current Relay (OCR) dan Ground Fault Relay (GFR) pada Jaringan Distribusi 20 kV
Authors: Arya Englaharda , Ermawati Ermawati , Machdalena Machdalena , Hendri Jhon
Published: January 2025

In operation of the electric power system, disturbances often occur which can result in disruption of the distribution of electric power to consumers. The disturbances that often occur in the 20 kV medium voltage network distribution system are short circuit faults and overload faults. Protections used to prevent the disturbance from spreading and not disturbing healthy areas is the over current relay and ground fault relay. Based on the results of the researcht, showed that the relay coordination settings were OCR Incoming Primary Iset = 1818.65 A, Secondary Iset = 0.909 A, TMS = 0.199. In the OCR of the Primary Iset Feeder = 504 A, Secondary Iset = 1.26 A, TMS = 0.199,  GFR Incoming Primary Iset = 144.19 A, Secondary Iset = 0.072 A, TMS = 0.238 and GFR of the Primary Iset Feeder = 140.19 A, Secondary Iset = 0.35 A, TMS = 0.23
TRENDS AND ISSUES OF EDUCATION AMONG THE GAROS OF GUJARAT
Authors: Pandya Arun
Published: January 2025

India is one of the most multi diversified country of the world. Which include the range of diversity in terms of race, religion, caste, languages, tribe, ethnicity, and many more. Among that the caste factors plays an important role in social composition of Indian populations. Over the period of time India has been ruled by different rulers starting from ancient India to Britishers. That resulted complex hierarchy in Indian society. It can be seen in the society that some communities enjoys power, prestige and control over the resources whereas some communities faces the problems of deprivation exploitation and lack of resources due to ups and downs of their socio-economic and political status.

After the Independence the different provisions has been made in the constitutions to empower marginal communities to empower them socio-economic and politically. To achieve this the education plays a vital means of their ulpliftment. Here in present study the researcher has tried to explore the education status of one of the marginal caste who has been the victim historical ups and down namely Garo which is known by many other names like., Garoda, Guru Brahmin, Shrimali etc.

The present research study has been undertaken in Gujarat by choosing 240 respondent through cluster sampling and purposive sampling method from three different region of Gujarat. The primary data from the respondents has been collected through the use of personal visits, interview technique and other secondary sources. This paper examines trends and issues of education among the caste which is victim of historical societal ups and down.
Bioethanol Production from Elaeis Guineensis Oil Palm Trunk Sap using Repeated Batch Fermentation
Authors: Mohd Noor Siti Fatimah , Abdul Halim Norhazimah , Abu Bakar Sidik Dilaeleyana , Noh Teh Ubaidah
Published: January 2025

Elaeis guineensis (E. guineensis) oil palm tree (OPT) presented a novel biomass source, with its OPT sap demonstrating the potential for bioethanol production due to its rich sugar content. The increasing waste of the OPT necessitated exploring ways to maximize its utilization and functionality, making bioethanol production a pertinent avenue for sustainable resource utilization. This study aimed to compare the bioethanol yield concentration production in optimized conditions and non–optimized conditions based on response surface methodology (RSM) data from Box–Behnken design (BBD). This study also investigated the viability of felled E. guineensis OPT sap for bioethanol production on the effect of sugar composition and fermentation conditions. Analysis revealed significant variations in fructose, glucose, and sucrose levels across different trunk segments, with sucrose notably higher in some areas. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) Kyokai no. 7 in a 2L bioreactor, the study employed repeated batch fermentation to explore the efficiency of bioethanol yield production across 13 cycles under optimized and non–optimized conditions. The optimized fermentation conditions included a felled E. guineensis OPT sap medium with an initial pH of 6.50, supplemented with 6.80 g/L of peptone and 13.28 g/L of corn steep liquor (CSL) at 30°C. The non–optimized conditions were similar but conducted at room temperature. The maximum bioethanol yield concentration of 35.65 g/L, averaging 23–35 g/L per cycle, highlighted the effectiveness and stability of repeated fermentation under optimized conditions, with the bioethanol yield ranging from 3–4 volume/volume percentage (v/v %). The optimized condition significantly improved bioethanol concentration (38.42 %) and volume content (28.67 %), enhancing production efficiency. Bioethanol yield production was markedly improved under optimized conditions, as confirmed by statistical analysis, while non–optimized settings yielded unstable reported data. This research highlighted the importance of controlled environmental conditions and optimized fermentation processes. The study underscored the potential of felled E. guineensis OPT sap as a biomass source for bioethanol, suggesting promising avenues for the scale–up of bioethanol production in the future.
Simulation of Liquid NH3 Spray Characteristics for Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) under Engine-Relevant Conditions
Authors: Zahari Nuraqilah , Manshoor Bukhari , Roslan Mohamad Hafizuddin , Sapit Azwan , Zaman Izzuddin , Didane Djamal Hissein , Abdul Haq Reazul Haq , Kamarudin Kamarul-Azhar , Saleman Abdul Rafeq , Rathje Rio Marco , Rothe Christin , Ibrahim Mohd Nizam
Published: January 2025

Fuel/air mixing characteristics of liquid ammonia under direct injection engines have gained significant attention in the automotive industry due to their potential for improving fuel efficiency and reducing emissions. This study employed a simulation approach to investigate the spray characteristics of liquid ammonia for Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) under Engine-Relevant Conditions. Conversely, lower injection pressures resulted in shorter spray penetration due to reduced fuel momentum and weaker atomisation. The main variable in this study is injection pressure, which is 50 bar, 80 bar and 110 bar. Meanwhile, the parameters for the orifice diameter used in the CFD simulation by Ansys Fluent are 0.3 mm and the ambient pressures, which are atmosphere pressure and the other hand, remain constant throughout the research. The simulation results showed a clear relationship between injection pressure and spray penetration. Higher injection pressures increased spray penetration, indicating improved fuel dispersion and atomisation. This is attributed to the higher kinetic energy of the fuel, leading to enhanced breakup and smaller droplet sizes.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polysulfone/Peat Clay Hollow Fibre Membranes: The Effect of Composition and Morphology
Authors: Lestari Riani Ayu , Elma Muthia , Bilad Muhammad Roil , Syauqiah Isna , Sri Dewi Gusti Ratu , Rahmadhaniah Noor , Zahratunnisa Zahratunnisa , Abdul Ghani Rhafiq , Rahma Aulia , Muhamad Iqbal Rendy , Wahyu Wahyu , Paramitha Adhe
Published: January 2025

In this work, Synthesis of polysulfone (PSf) hydrophilic ultrafiltration membrane was prepared by addiction of Peat Clay (PC) as additive via phase inversion method. The polysulfone dope solution was loading by varied calcined peat clay composition, namely 0, 2, 4, and 6 wt%. Therefore, this study aims to study the influence of peat clay on the morphology and efficiency of the modified membranes studied. The prepared peat clay particles and membranes are all characterized by various physicochemical techniques such as Water Contact Angle (WCA), porosity, water absorption, FTIR, XRF, SEM, water flux. The characterization analysis on peat clay used in this study showed a higher value of silica components of 64.4492 wt%. The experimental results showed that the modified membrane showed high hydrophilicity the contact angle of water from 96.31° to 55.97°. The ability of water absorption increased to 42.71%, and membrane porosity increased from 23.66% to 45.63%. Whereas in SEM in the PSf membrane with the addition of peat clay, the top layer is solid with a higher thickness than without the addition of peat clay. The characteristics of the membrane show that the functional group in the addition of peat clay in the absorption of Si-OH and Si-O-Si, but there is a decrease in pure water flux (up to 3.61 kg.m-2.h-1) compared to pure membranes. Based on the results obtained, PSf-Peat Clay hollow fibre membrane shows potential as an innovative water reclamation technology.
Карбонатные отложения 2024
Authors: Шуматбаев К. Д. , Абдуллина Элина Айратовна , Аржанцев Виталий Сергеевич , Борисов Александр Геннадьевич , Вагизов Азат Минзякиевич , Валидов Марат Фанисович , Вилесов Александр Петрович , Воробьев Владимир Сергеевич , Душин Андрей Саитхужевич , Кольчугин Антон Николаевич , Привалова Ольга Разимовна , Семенова Алия Аликовна , Силантьев Владимир Владимирович , Судаков Владислав Анатольевич , Чукмаров Ильдус Адгамович , Шандрыгин Александр Николаевич , Шуматбаев Кирилл Дмитриевич
Published: January 2025

В издании представлены материалы учёных и специалистов из различных организаций и университетов. Структура сборника соответствует секционным докладам на конференции и включает четыре направления: 1. Геология карбонатов; 2. Седиментология и литология; 3. Методика изучения и лабораторные исследования; 4. Разработка, бурение и исследование скважин. В сборнике научных тезисов представлены результаты исследований, посвященных различным аспектам изучения карбонатных коллекторов и решению практических задач, связанных с их разработкой. Включенные работы охватывают широкий спектр тем — от количественной оценки остаточной нефтенасыщенности и относительных фазовых проницаемостей до применения современных геофизических технологий, таких как микроимиджинг, микротермометрии и рамановская спектроскопия для анализа флюидных включений в карбонатных породах.
Pengaruh Pelatihan dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Karyawan
Authors: Masyruroh Alifah Jiddal , Fauzi Achmad , Julia Mela , Ricki Tania Septfani , Romadhon Achmad
Published: January 2025

Perkembangan revolusi pada era digital dan perubahan teknologi dan informasi yang eksponensial memerlukan strategi transformasi digital bagi pelaku bisnis dan sumber daya manusia di masa yang akan datang. Pada kenyataannya tidak semua sumber daya manusia di PT Erima Baja Jaya memiliki kemampuan digital tersebut, bahkan tidak semua sumber daya manusia perusahaan mengetahui apa yang menjadi kompetensi inti perusahaan. Banyak kasus dimana kegiatan pelatihan berlangsung, namun spesifikasi dan kejelasan peserta pelatihan menjadi kendala berikutnya. Tidak jarang ditemukan karyawan yang sebenarnya membutuhkan kompetensi tersebut namun tidak mau mengikuti pelatihan yang ditawarkan perusahaan karena tidak mendapatkan hasil apa pun dari perusahaan tersebut. Pegawai (Sumber Daya Manusia) merupakan aset yang sangat penting dalam membantu perusahaan untuk mencapai tujuannya, sehingga peningkatan keterampilan dan kemampuannya melalui pelatihan dan pengembangan merupakan suatu keharusan dan esensial bagi perusahaan. Pelatihan merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pegawai dengan mempersiapkan mereka untuk memikul tanggung jawab yang lebih tinggi di masa depan. Artikel ini membahas pengaruh pelatihan pada kompetensi pengembangan karyawan. Terdapat temuan dari tinjauan literatur ini adalah bahwa pelatihan dan pengembangan harus dilakukan secara adil dan terbuka, dan evaluasi yang  harus dilakukan untuk mengetahui hasil pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pengembangan yang telah dilaksanakan di perusahaan tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh dalam pelatihan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi Karyawan.
Analisis Efesiensi Operasional, Intergrasi Teknologi dan Kualitas Layanan terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Freight Forwarding Multimoda
Authors: Tohir Muhammad , Gracean Ataupah Alfredo
Published: January 2025

Pengaruh Efesiensi Operasional, Intergrasi Teknologi dan Kualitas Layanan terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Freight Forwarding Multimoda adalah artikel ilmiah studi pustaka dalam ruang lingkup bidang ilmu. Tujuan artikel ini membangun hipotesis pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen yang akan digunakan pada riset berikutnya. Objek riset pada pustaka media online, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Elsevier, Zotero dan media jurnal online lainnya. Metode riset dengan library risearch bersumber dari e-book dan journal ilmiah. Analisis pendekatan deskriftif kualitatif.  Hasil artikel ini: 1) Efesiensi Operasional berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Freight Forwarding Multimoda; 2) Intergrasi Teknologi berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Freight Forwarding Multimoda; dan 3) Kualitas Layanan berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Freight Forwarding Multimoda.
Pengaruh Kompensasi, Organizational Justice dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan Generasi Milenial (Studi Pada PT. V2 Indonesia)
Authors: Alviano Akmal , Desty Febrian Wenny
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi, keadilan organisasi, dan beban kerja terhadap loyalitas karyawan generasi milenial di PT. V2 Indonesia. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif kausal. Populasi penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. V2 Indonesia dengan menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh yang juga digunakan sebagai sampel penelitian. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan Partial Least Squares (PLS), yang meliputi uji validitas dan reliabilitas, uji struktural, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompensasi (X1) memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas karyawan, keadilan organisasi (X2) memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas karyawan, dan beban kerja (X3) memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas karyawan.
Pengaruh Pemasaran dan Komitmen Tentang Kepuasan Pelanggan di Klinik THT Rumah Sakit Tk Ii 03.05.01 Dustira Kota Cimahi
Authors: Nurul Hidayah F Jajang , Mulyana Agus , Febrian Feby
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini berangkat dari itu Masalah itu terjadi di? Klinik Klinik THT Rumah Sakit Tk II 03.05.01 Dustira Kota Cimahi. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah riset terkait ke Pemasaran Dan Komitmen ke Pelanggan Kepuasan, Karena masih ada? karyawan WHO tidak mengerti seorang profesional? melayani. Profesional . Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif pendekatan korelasional untuk mengetahui Hubungan antara Pemasaran dan Komitmen dengan Kepuasan Konsumen di Klinik THT RSUD TK II 03.05.01 Dustira Kota Cimahi , cara pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh sebanyak 11 responden. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner yang berisi pernyataan-pernyataan kepada responden dengan metode skala likert dengan menggunakan teori dari Sugiono (2014). Berdasarkan perhitungan data tanggapan responden terhadap Disiplin Kerja, tanggapan berada pada kriteria baik (70%), tanggapan terhadap Profesionalisme berada pada kriteria baik (68%), sedangkan pada Kinerja Karyawan juga berada pada kriteria baik (70%). Karyawan juga berada pada kriteria baik (67%). Hasil perhitungan analisis korelasi, terdapat pengaruh yang besar dengan nilai 0,5 antara variabel X dengan variabel Y. Nilai thitung sebesar 0,5 antara variabel X dengan variabel Y. Analisis determinasi menunjukkan bahwa diketahui koefisien determinasi terdapat pada nilai Adjusted R Square sebesar 0,742, hal ini berarti kemampuan variabel bebas dalam menerangkan variabel terikat sebesar 74,2%. Kemampuan variabel bebas dalam menerangkan variabel terikat sebesar 74,2% sisanya sebesar 26,8% merupakan variabel yang mempengaruhi tetapi tidak diuji, maka hasil uji koefisien korelasi menyatakan H0 ditolak dan koefisien korelasi tidak diuji. Hasil uji koefisien korelasi menyatakan H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pembahasan pada tesis ini, maka perlu adanya berbagai tindakan yang harus dilakukan untuk lebih meningkatkan peranan Kepuasan dan memperbaiki atau meningkatkan Pemasaran dan Komitmen Klinik THT RSUD Tk II 03.05.01 Dustira. Kota Cimahi . Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat Pengaruh Pemasaran dan Komitmen terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan di Klinik THT RSUD Tk. II 03.05.01 Dustira Cimahi.
Analisis Pengaruh Desain Kemasan Produk dan Daya Tarik Iklan Terhadap Brand Awareness dan Dampaknya Pada Minat Beli Konsumen
Authors: ‘Ainiyah Kayla , Ali Hapzi
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh desain kemasan produk dan daya tarik iklan terhadap brand awareness serta dampaknya pada minat beli konsumen pada produk susu kental manis Frisian Flag. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat kota Semarang yang berjumlah 1.553.778 juta jiwa. Sampel yang diambil sebesar 96 responden dengan menggunakan tekhnik purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan satu variabel intervening di dalamnya, yaitu brand awareness sebagai variabel mediasi dari minat beli, sehingga menghasilkan dua kali analisis regresi berganda. Antara lain sebagai berikut : Y1 = 0,539 X1 + 0,180 X2 dan Y2 = 0,555 Y1. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data statistik diperoleh bahwa indikator-indikator pada penelitian ini bersifat valid dan reliabel. Pada pengujian asumsi klasik, model regresi bebas dari multikolonieritas, tidak terjadi heteroskedastisitas, dan terdistribusi secara normal. Variabel yang mempunyai pengaruh besar dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel desain kemasan produk dan selanjutnya diikuti oleh variabel daya tarik iklan. Dengan desain kemasan susu kental manis yang lebih baik lagi dan daya tarik iklan yang lebih berkesan pada konsumen merupakan salah satu upaya yang harus dilakukan Frisian Flag untuk meningkatkan kesadaran merek konsumen yang nantinya akan meningkatkan minat beli susu kental manis Frisian Flag.
Toxicological Impacts of Pendimethalin on the Brain of Cyprinus carpio: A Histopathological Approach
Authors: Inder Singh Rana  , Sushma Sharma  , Rajinder Kumar  , Jyoti Verma
Published: January 2025

Agricultural pesticides negatively impact aquatic ecosystems. A dinitroaniline herbicide pendimethalin is used to control weeds and unwanted grasses in crop fields but it can reach water streams indirectly and harm aquatic fauna including fish. The main objective of our study was to find histopathological alterations caused by pendimethalin in the brain of Cyprinus carpio. The whole procedure was done using a histopathological approach by processing brain tissue, making slides, and analyzing these slides under a light microscope to observe changes in brain tissue. Acute toxicity was found by obtaining 96h LC50 value i.e., 2.20μl/L. Fishes were divided into 3 groups: The first group was assigned as the control group., second and third groups was administered with 1/10th and 1/15th concentration of calculated 96 h LC50 (I.e., 0.22μl/L and .146μl/L). The key findings of our study demonstrated that control fish brains do not show any morphological changes in structure. The second and third groups exposed to pendimethalin showed severe damage to the brain including vacuolization, necrosis in neurons, deformed pyramidal cells, clustering of nuclei, binucleate formation and nuclear infiltration compared to the control fish brain. The findings of our study have significant implications for understanding the neurotoxic effects of pendimethalin on aquatic species, specifically about brain structure and function. The study emphasizes the crucial role of neurotoxicity assessments in environmental risk assessments, which can save particular species and preserve the general equilibrium and resilience of aquatic habitats.
Network analysis of socioeconomic disparities and public transport in COVID-19 spread: a case study in northeast Brazil
Authors: Cavalcante Taise F , Barboza Waneska de S , Dos Santos Cliomar A , Araújo Adriano Antunes de S , Quintans-Júnior Lucindo José , Martins-Filho Paulo Ricardo
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted public transportation systems worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the rate of COVID-19 positivity and its associated factors among users of public transportation in socioeconomically disadvantaged regions of Brazil during the pre-vaccination phase of the pandemic.
Methodology: This ecological study, conducted in Aracaju city in Northeast Brazil, is a component of the TestAju Program. This initiative was designed to expand COVID-19 testing to asymptomatic individuals in public spaces such as squares and bus terminals. Using logistic regression, we examined the relationship between COVID-19 positivity and factors such as demographics, socioeconomic status, and travel frequency. The Fruchterman-Reingold algorithm was used to explore transmission pathways across neighborhoods with varying living conditions.
Results: Of the 1,420 public transport users tested via real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 249 were positive, indicating a 17.5% positivity rate (95% CI: 15.7–19.6). Our findings revealed a higher positivity rate during periods of increased viral spread (OR = 4.3, 95% CI: 3.1–5.9) and in neighborhoods with poorer conditions (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1–2.1). Network analysis revealed affluent neighborhoods as significant transmission hubs of the disease.
Conclusions: Our study highlights the vital role of urban mobility patterns in the spread of COVID-19. Neighborhoods with better living conditions that serve as hubs of activity and movement, enable gatherings and interactions among people from diverse regions, including those from areas with higher infection rates.
COVID-19 mortality among solid organ transplant recipients and candidates before specific vaccine availability in Colombia
Authors: Arias-Murillo Yazmin R , Salinas-Nova Maria A , Castro-Jiménez Miguel Á , Montero Camilo , Cortes Jorge A
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening disease that was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Organ transplant recipients are vulnerable to infection and complications from COVID-19. The objective of this study was to investigate the rates of infection, mortality, and case-fatality ratios (CFR) in solid organ transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list for organ allocation in the period prior to the availability of specific vaccines.
Methodology: This was an observational study of official sources that are used to report information on COVID-19. Quantitative variables were described with arithmetic means and categorical variables with proportions. Percentages of positivity to infection, number of deaths, CFR, and all-cause mortality were calculated for each group and subgroup.
Results: There were 2,551 eligible subjects; 602 (26.2%) were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There were 265 (10.4%) deaths from all causes during the follow-up period; 119 (44.9%) of them were associated with COVID-19, which indicated a COVID-19-related mortality rate of 4.7 %. CFRs were 21.4% and 17.1% in transplant recipients and waitlisted patients, respectively. CFR was significantly higher in transplant recipients (23.8%) than in patients waitlisted for kidney (16.5%; p = 0.044) Among SARS-CoV-2-positive patients, the probability of dying from COVID-19 was higher in the first group (87.3% and 73%, respectively; p = 0.034).
Conclusions: COVID-19 had a significant impact on the deaths of transplant patients and patients on the solid organ waiting list during the first year of the pandemic in Colombia, before the availability of vaccines.
Knowledge and behavior towards COVID-19 in the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro – Brazil
Authors: Vargas Andre L , Souza Larissa PV , Paes Lauryne MBR , Dias Raleigh P , Marotti Thiago F , Louvain de Souza Thais , De Andrade Inez Barcellos
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Despite efforts by health organizations to share evidence-based information, fake news hindered the promotion of social distancing and vaccination during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study analyzed COVID-19 knowledge and practices in a vulnerable area in northern Rio de Janeiro, acknowledging the influence of the complex social and economic landscape on public health perceptions.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Novo Eldorado – a low-income, conflict-affected neighborhood in Campos dos Goytacazes – using a structured questionnaire, following the peak of COVID-19 deaths in Brazil (July–December 2021). Statistical tests were used to delineate profiles and evaluate knowledge and preventive behaviors associated with COVID-19.
Results: This study involved a cohort of 156 participants, predominantly women (74%), with an average age of 53 years. Almost half of the participants were identified as single (48%), and more than half had not completed elementary school. Notably, 68% believed they were well-informed about COVID-19. The answers to the questionnaire revealed that the majority correctly identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a virus (65%); 72% recognized fever or cough as the main symptoms; and 71% recognized the importance of wearing masks. The overall mean score of the study was 7.628 (SD 1.583047). Social networks, especially ‘WhatsApp’ (65%), were the primary information sources. Those using social media or WhatsApp had higher knowledge scores (8.000 vs. 7.000, p = 0.0064).
Conclusions: Involving marginalized communities and using social media to disseminate accurate information and trust in science is necessary to tackle COVID-19 challenges.
The first reported case of candidemia caused by the novel Candida tropicalis diploid sequence type 1515
Authors: Ding Chuan H , Navarathinam Shiamala D , Neoh Hui-Min , Tan Toh L
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Since the dawn of the new millennium, Candida species have been increasingly implicated as a cause of both healthcare-associated as well as opportunistic yeast infections, due to the widespread use of indwelling medical devices, total parenteral nutrition, systemic corticosteroids, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Candida tropicalis is a pathogenic Candida species associated with considerable morbidity, mortality, and drug resistance issues on a global scale.
Methodology: We report a case of a 43-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital for further management of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. During his stay in the ward, he received systemic corticosteroids for a total duration of 32 days. A broad-spectrum antibiotic (piperacillin-tazobactam) was also given due to copious amounts of tracheostomy secretions.
Results: The patient’s fever recurred following an afebrile interval of 11 days, and C. tropicalis was cultured from his blood. The yeast was highly resistant to fluconazole and voriconazole but remained susceptible to echinocandins. Unfortunately, the patient was unable to receive any echinocandin and eventually succumbed to candidemia.
Conclusions: Multilocus sequence typing was used to characterize C. tropicalis as a novel diploid sequence type (i.e., 1515) that has not been previously reported.
Role of serum fibroblast growth factor-23 and Klotho level in COVID-19 infection-related mortality: a prospective study
Authors: Akin Davut , Aydogan Burcu B , Emre Nilufer , Gundogdu Gulsah , Ozmen Sehmus , Erkek Ozgen K , Alpua Mehmet
Published: January 2025

Introduction: This study investigated the role of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)/Klotho in the mortality of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), excluding those with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2021 to May 2022. Patients who tested positive for COVID-19 via polymerase chain reaction and were hospitalized, were classified into two groups (survivors and non-survivors) at the end of their hospital follow-up. Demographic data, clinical status, and prognosis were analyzed.
Results: A total of 66 patients (age 58.8 ± 17.0 years, 60.6% male) were included. The mean age of non-survivors (67.2 ± 1 years) was significantly higher than the survivors (49.2 ± 1 years; p < 0.0001). FGF23 was significantly elevated in non-survivors (301 ± 20 pg/mL), compared to survivors (160 ± 36 pg/mL; p < 0.0001). Factors with significant differences (p < 0.001) between the two groups were investigated as independent mortality predictors using logistic regression analysis. FGF23 (p = 0.01), age (p = 0.045), and oxygen saturation at admission (p = 0.02) were independent predictors of mortality. High serum FGF23 levels were associated with COVID-19-related mortality; Klotho levels were lower (p = 0.028). Vitamin D was not significantly different between the groups.
Conclusion: Elevated serum FGF23 and parathyroid hormone (PTH), and lower Klotho levels, were associated with COVID-19-related mortality in patients without CKD. There was no association with serum vitamin D levels. Further studies are required to establish the relationship between mortality and FGF23/Klotho, PTH, and vitamin D levels.
L’accord franco-algérien de 1968, reflet de relations politiques tourmentées
Authors: Zeghbib Hocine
Published: January 2025

Dans le climat politique polarisé qui a précédé l’adoption de la récente loi sur l’immigration, des forces politiques françaises ont cherché à obtenir la dénonciation unilatérale de l’accord franco-algérien de 1968 relatif à la circulation, à l’emploi et au séjour en France des ressortissants algériens et de leurs familles, auquel l’Algérie, par la voix du Président Tebboune, se dit toujours attachée. Dans la durée, ce texte, inscrit dans les principes des Accords d’Évian de mars 1962, est venu en réalité limiter la libre circulation qui avait été instaurée, en grande partie suite à un calcul politique qui s’est avéré erroné, entre l’Algérie et la France et concilier des intérêts clairement divergents dès 1963 (I). Dès lors, des stratégies contradictoires s’affrontent, dont l’accord de 1968 est le point de croisement. La confrontation se poursuit, pas toujours à bas bruit, à travers la volonté française d’aligner le contenu de l’accord de 1968 sur le droit commun des étrangers et la volonté algérienne de le conserver quitte à en restreindre la portée. Cela conduit à une perception surévaluée des droits qui en découlent et de leur véritable portée (II). L’ajournement en 2012 des discussions d’un projet de quatrième avenant montre combien les positions des deux pays sont devenues difficiles à concilier. Rejetant en 2023 la dénonciation unilatérale, vouée à l’échec du point de vue juridique, exigée par son opposition et même par certains dans les rangs de sa propre majorité, l’exécutif français, sans que l’on connaisse encore la position algérienne, opte pour une révision dont on ne peut, à ce stade, que préjuger du contenu et tenter d’en évaluer forces et faiblesses (III).
The Impact of Health Emergencies on Teaching from The Teachers and The Students’ Perspectives: The Experience of The Faculty of Education Sciences In Morocco Facing the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Essaffani Hicham , Elaatmani Mohammed , Al Ahiane Latifa , El Houmaini Loubna , Bouaoudate Mostafa , Belayachi Jihane , Abouqal Redouane
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic crisis was an unexpected exceptional situation that prevented the closure of school premises. In order to cope and ensure the continuation of courses, education officials and administrators were called upon to invest effectively in the implementation of measures for the purposes of distance education and training by providing information and communication technology resources. Materials and methods: To achieve our objective, we carried out two simultaneous surveys carried out through two questionnaires administered via Google Forms, to the students and the teachers of the Faculty of Educational Sciences of Rabat in Morocco. Results: 73.34% of students were satisfied, 10.66% of the students preferred face-to-face and thought that distance learning cannot replace face-to-face teaching and 16% opted for mixed education. 58.34% of the teachers were satisfied with the situation of distance learning, 20.83% preferred face-to-face and 20.83% were open for the two teaching modes. Conclusion: Distance learning has proven to be one of the most effective solutions to meet the needs of learners during such health emergencies crises.
Navigating Screen Time: Scoping Review on Parental Role in Shaping Children's Digital Habits
Authors: Jalil Nurul Asyiqin , Harun Noor Hanim , Mee Rita Wong Mee , Mohamed Suzulaikha , Pek Lim Seong , Shahdan Tengku Shahrom Tengku , Omar Tirzah Zubeidah Zachariah
Published: January 2025

The rapid growth of digital devices in recent years has caused significant effects on children's screen time. Advancements in technology usage have a particularly strong impact on children in an era dominated by digital advancements, influencing their education, entertainment, communication, and socialisation, raising concerns about the implications on their health and development. Children are mostly unaware of their patterns while using the digital devices which lead to curiosity to conduct reviews that are related to parental involvement in children’s screen time usage. This scoping review aims to identify the impact of children’s screen time usage and parental involvement. To conduct this research, four databases, namely Scopus, WOS, ERIC, and ScienceDirect, were utilized. The investigation identified 36 articles, and after the exclusion and inclusion process, 14 articles were chosen eligible for analysis and reference in the data collection phase. The findings of the review highlight that screen time usage does impact on children's development and parental involvement plays a major role in observing and shaping their children’s growth.
Scientific Mapping of Research on Metaverse in Education
Authors: Ren Jiaxin , Tan Yee Hock , Guo Juncheng
Published: January 2025

The metaverse is a virtual reality space that provides a novel and significant environment, fostering educational opportunities and serving as a rich platform for innovative forms of learning. This bibliometric analysis uses the Scopus database as a source for review, employing the PRISMA method to identify 270 articles, with visualisation analysis conducted using VOSviewer. The results show an increasing trend in the number of published articles since 2020, with significant contributions from South Korea, China, United States, and United Kingdom. Common keywords in the realm of metaverse and education research include "virtual reality," "augmented reality," and "artificial intelligence." Currently, the integration of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies has significantly enhanced educational outcomes and student motivation in medicine, engineering, and primary education. The potential of metaverse technology in education is highly promising. Through innovative and immersive experiences, the metaverse is poised to become a sustainable educational medium, unrestricted by time and space.
Shaping future pharmacists: Transformative effects of clinical rotations on attitudes toward depression and diabetes care
Authors: Anosike Chibueze , Okonkwo Vanessa , Ugochukwu Ezinwanne , Jonathan Nkechinyerem , Okoye Christabel , Ukpaka Maureen , Nebonta Sonna , Okpe Onyinyechi , Udoh Japhet
Published: January 2025

Background: Clinical rotations play a vital role in preparing future pharmacists for the responsibility of providing care for patients with chronic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of clinical rotations on the attitudes of final-year pharmacy students at a Nigerian University toward providing Pharmaceutical Care (PC) for patients with depression and diabetes.
Methods: This was a pre-post interventional study design among randomly selected final-year pharmacy students of a Nigerian public University. All participants took part in a nine-week clinical rotation. Two validated self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection before and after the clinical rotation. Descriptive statistics and paired sample t-tests were used for data analysis.
Results: A total of 301 pharmacy final-year students participated in this study. The findings showed that clinical rotation improved students’ attitudes toward providing PC for patients with depression (29.90 ± 10.35 vs 32.00 ± 8.10, p = 0.006) but had no significant effect on diabetes care (32.47 ± 9.58 vs 33.60 ± 8.23, p = 0.120). However, pharmacy students had more positive attitudes toward providing PC for people living with diabetes than those with depression (30.95 ± 9.35 vs 33.03 ± 8.94, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Although clinical rotation improved students’ attitudes toward providing care for people with depression, the study findings underscore the need for the inclusion of more mental health training to ensure that future pharmacists are equally prepared to care for patients with both mental and physical illnesses.
Es preciso soñar. Lenin en (y para) el marxismo latinoamericano
Authors: Ortega Jaime
Published: January 2025

Este libro recupera y reelabora una multiplicidad de ensayos sobre la presencia de Lenin en el marxismo latinoamericano. Destaca las aproximaciones políticas, económicas y culturales que la tradición del pensamiento crítico en la región ha hecho a la obra y figura del revolucionario ruso.
Partisipasi Pemilih dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara Dalam Masa Pandemik Covid-19 Tahun 2020-2025
Authors: Mango Eric Janssen
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis tingginya partisipasi pemilih pada pilkada serentak tahun 2020-2025 di Kabupaten Timor Tengah di masa pandemik covid-19. Metode Penelitian : Kualitatif. Lokasi Penelitian : Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Fokus Penelitian : 1. Faktor Internal meliputi : Faktor Sosiologis, Psikologis dan Rasional. 2. Faktor Eksternal meliputi : Peran Komisi Pemilihan Umum, Badan Pengawas Pemilu, Pasangan Calon dan Partai Politik.Teknik Penentuan Informan : Purposive Sampling. Teknik Pengumpulan Data : Wawancara dan Dokumentasi. Teknik Analisis Data : Reduksi Data, Penyajian Data dan Penarikan Kesimpulan. Hasil Penelitian : Tingginya partisipasi pemilih antara lain disebabkan 1. Faktor Internal : Faktor sosiologis, psikologis namun yang mendominasi adalah faktor sosiologis. 2. Faktor Ekternal yaitu Peranan Komisi Pemilihan Umum dan Pasangan Calon
DETERMINANTS OF REGIONAL ORIGINAL REVENUE AND ITS IMPACT ON REGIONAL INDEPENDENCE IN BANTEN PROVINCE
Authors: Fadhilla Aulia Mitha , Setiyawati Hari
Published: January 2025

The study aims to examine the influence of taxpayer compliance, organizational culture, and organizational commitment on local revenue, as well as its impact on regional independence in Banten Province. The data analysis in this study uses a quantitative analysis method with the analysis tool used is Partial Least Square-Path Modeling (PLS-PM 3.0). The results of this study show that there is a significant positive influence of regional taxpayer compliance with regional original income. The coefficient of the path parameter obtained a path coefficient value of 0.012 significantly at 2.068 > t-table 1.96 and a p-value of 0.000  a significance level of 0.05, which states that there are significant positive influences of regional tax compliance with the original income of the region. Organizational commitment has no effect on the original regional income. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and local government officials on the importance of fostering a culture of compliance and commitment within organizations to enhance financial performance. The findings also add to the existing literature on public finance and governance, highlighting the interconnectedness of taxpayer behavior and organizational dynamics in achieving fiscal independence at the regional level.