bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas sociales de protección a las familias en dificultad en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Pastor Seller Enrique
Published: January 2022

Families generate social capital for society, playing an essential economic, social and political role for social cohesion and sustainability. The emergence of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has profoundly altered family realities and care strategies. The pandemic has highlighted the weaknesses of social protection policies in general and those aimed at families in particular. The article analyzes the changes in family structure and behavior, the social exclusion of households and the protection policies and programs aimed at families with greater social difficulties that are developed by the different public administrations in Spain. The research methodology is based on the systematization and analysis of statistical sources, updated studies and research, and the content analysis of the policies, plans and measures that are developed from the different levels of public administration, especially in the social services system. The research results confirm that social policies for the protection and support of families are scarce, insufficient in coverage and amount, fragmented and unequal in the territories. It is necessary to increase the extension of coverage and the quality of services and social benefits to improve the quality and living conditions of families, especially in times of pandemic

peñando un papel económico, social y político imprescindible para la cohesión y sostenibilidad social. La irrupción del coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ha alterado profundamente las realidades familiares y las estrategias de cuidado. La pandemia ha evidenciado las debilidades de las políticas de protección social en general y las destinadas a las familias en particular. El artículo analiza los cambios en la estructura y comportamientos familiares, la exclusión social de los hogares y las políticas y programas de protección destinadas a las familias con mayores dificultades sociales que se desarrollan desde las diferentes administraciones públicas en España. La metodología de investigación se basa en la sistematización y análisis de fuentes estadísticas, estudios e investigaciones actualizadas y el análisis de contenido de las políticas, planes y medidas que se desarrollan desde los distintos niveles de administración pública, especialmente en el sistema de servicios sociales. Los resultados de la investigación constatan que las políticas sociales de protección y apoyo a las familias son escasas, insuficientes en cobertura y cuantía, fragmentadas y desiguales en los territorios. Es necesario incrementar la extensión de cobertura y la calidad de servicios y prestaciones sociales para mejorar la calidad y condiciones de vida de las familias, especialmente en tiempos de pandemia.
De la historia <> a los objetos sólidos. Nuevos retos conceptuales, teóricos y metodológicos sobre Familia y ciencias sociales
Authors: Chacón Jimenez Francisco
Published: January 2022

This work examines the claim of objects as explanatory protagonists of historical analysis against the perspective set forth in the book L´Histoire en miettes: des Annales à la «nouvelle histoire», by François Dosse (1987). This article aims to study the theoretical and epistemological turn regarding the historiographical approach. With this objective, we start from the family as an object of study, so that we place it between history and social sciences. It is precisely in the creation of the object, in the new analytical categories and in the renewal of the methods, where the true synthesis occurs as a contribution and creation of knowledge regarding the social organization and its operating processes.The system of social relations and the integration of individuals in the community provide families with the lead role in social change or resistance. Thus, factors such as hierarchy, intergenerational genealogies, domination, inequality and dependency are determined.

La reivindicación de los objetos como protagonistas explicativos del análisis histórico frente a la consideración de fragmentos tras el clásico, pero acertado para su contexto y momento histórico: L´Histoire en miettes: des Annales à la «nouvelle histoire», de François Dosse (1987), pretende ofrecer un giro teórico y epistemológico respecto al enfoque historiográfico. Para ello partimos del objeto Familia y lo situamos entre historia y ciencias sociales. Es, precisamente, en la creación del objeto, en las nuevas categorías analíticas y en la renovación de los métodos, donde se produce la verdadera síntesis en tanto que aportación y creación de conocimiento respecto a la organización social y sus procesos de funcionamiento.El sistema de relaciones sociales y la integración de los individuos en la comunidad, le otorga a las familias el protagonismo en el cambio social o en las resistencias. Se determinan así factores como jerarquía, genealogías intergeneracionales, dominación, desigualdad y dependencia.
Desfragmentación edáfica, social y cerámica. Proyecto artístico centrado en el diseño de platos a partir de restos cerámicos encontrados en el agro de Casabermeja, Antequera y Orce
Authors: Luque Cuesta Fernando , Hidalgo Rodríguez Mª Carmen
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this study is the creation of an artistic ceramic project that reflects the current situation of the rural world as a consequence of industrial agriculture. Current agricultural and livestock production systems have negative environmental consequences, such as erosion and pollution, and cultural consequences, such as rural exodus or the extinction of indigenous germplasm. Through the study of the rural world in the municipalities of Casabermeja, Antequera and Orce, it has been possible to verify the detriment of these lands and their culture and, at the same time, the remains of ceramic plates found in these lands reflect this reality. The methodology used is theoretical-practical: through scientific references, the destruction of pre-industrial agricultural practices is exposed against industrial agriculture; experimentation with agricultural production techniques, both traditional and modern, show their compatibility; and, finally, artistic research, which recovers ceramic remains from the past to design three plates. The artistic work is proposed as an information and awareness means of a world problem, showing the compatibility between production and biodiversity, Nature as a source of culture, and human society as a dependent part of Nature.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo fundamental la creación de un proyecto artístico de cerámica que refleje la situación actual del mundo rural como consecuencia de la agricultura industrial. Los actuales sistemas de producción agrícola y ganadera tienen consecuencias negativas medioambientales como la erosión y la contaminación, y culturales como el éxodo rural o la extinción de germoplasma autóctono. A través del estudio del mundo rural en los municipios de Casabermeja, Antequera y Orce, se ha podido comprobar el detrimento de estas tierras y su cultura y, al mismo tiempo, en los restos de platos cerámicos hallados en estos terrenos se encuentra el reflejo de esta realidad. La metodología usada es teórico-práctica: mediante referentes científicos se expone la destrucción de las prácticas agropecuarias preindustriales frente a la agricultura industrial; la experimentación con técnicas de producción agrícola, tanto tradicionales como modernas, evidencian su compatibilidad; y, finalmente, la investigación artística, que recupera restos cerámicos del pasado para diseñar tres platos. La obra artística se propone como medio divulgativo y de concienciación de un problema mundial, evidenciando la compatibilidad entre producción y biodiversidad, la Naturaleza como fuente de cultura, y la sociedad humana como parte dependiente de la Naturaleza.
Carbon, oxygen and strontium isotope composition of Plattenkalk from the Upper Jurassic Wattendorf Konservat-Lagerstätte (Franconian Alb, Germany)
Authors: Blendinger Wolfgang , Mäuser Matthias
Published: January 2022

The oldest Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Plattenkalk occurs in Wattendorf on the northern Franconian Alb (southern Germany). It is a 15 m thick alternation of laminated dolomite and limestone, interbedded with carbonate debris layers in a depression ~2 km across and a few tens of metres deeper than the surrounding microbial-sponge reefs. The Plattenkalk overlies a few tens of metres of microbial-sponge biostrome facies and bedded, micritic basinal limestone. The bulk-rock stable isotopes of the micritic basinal facies gradually change from normal marine (δ13C ~ +2‰, δ18O ~ –2‰ VPDB) to lower values (δ13C ~ 0‰, δ18O ~ –6‰) in a ~ 40 m thick interval including Plattenkalk and suggest ageing of the bottom waters. The surrounding reefs are isotopically nearly invariant (δ13C ~ +2‰, δ18O ~ –2‰ VPDB). An isotope anomaly (δ13C of > ~ –9‰) is restricted to the basinal facies and is most pronounced in the biostrome facies. This indicates methanogenesis, which is documented in negative δ13C in dedolomite, calcite-cemented dolomite and calcite concretions and occurred probably mainly below seabed. The Konservat-Lagerstätte was probably deposited near an oxygen minimum zone in a water column with low productivity of organic material. Dolomite is in isotopic equilibrium with Plattenkalk and was probably deposited as protodolomite from chemically modified, aged seawater. 87Sr/86Sr ratios of bulk carbonate are often slightly radiogenic, probably due to random analytical sample contamination by clay minerals. Belemnite and some matrix 87Sr/86Sr is slightly lower than that of Kimmeridgian seawater, either caused by basin restriction or by fluids derived from the diagenesis of Oxfordian rocks below. An equivalent Upper Kimmeridgian depression ~23 km distant and a somewhat younger Konservat-Lagerstätte in Poland show a δ13C isotope anomaly below the main fossil beds. Isotopic evidence for saline bottom waters, the current interpretation, is lacking. This study also shows that micritic carbonates can preserve their early diagenetic, marine δ18O signal, which is correlatable over tens of kilometres.
International Business Company CEOs’ Public Apologies and their Users’ Responses
Authors: Azidan bin Abdul Jabar Mohd , Nimehchisalem Vahid , Nadhim Baqer Mahdi
Published: January 2022

An important aspect of the emerging user care discourse is the apologies offered by companies. Previous research has focused on public apologies; however, there has been little focus on the users’ comments in response to apologies. This case study aimed to investigate (i) the structure of the public apologies in terms of their frequency and sequence, and (ii) the users’ responses to these apologies as indicated in their comments. Four public apologies were purposively selected: They were all presented in English by the executives and posted on Facebook between 2011 and 2015. The responses to these apologies were also collected. The results of content analysis indicate that apology strategies, including taking full responsibility, asking for forgiveness, being sincere, and being published in a timely manner are the most effective strategies to elicit positive responses. The results have useful implications for research and practice in the area.
Historical Roots and Syntactic Nature of Languages
Authors: Ağarı Murat
Published: January 2022

All languages have a common, ontological nature, and this nature cannot be changed. Although there are some differences in the fictions of languages, the general course of this ontological nature is the same in all languages. Although we are talking about an ontological nature that is the same in all languages, the differences that exist between languages affect and determine the attitudes of societies that use this language. In another respect, history is a totality of social attitudes. Therefore, the language used by society can affect the attitude of that society. In other words, societies have an attitude in such a way that the language they use is foreseen. So much so that, beyond the fictional difference, even the presence or absence of a word in any language can be decisive of a social attitude. Of course, the presence or absence of a word is a small detail in the whole; but when the peculiar fictions of languages are evaluated as a whole, the effects of social attitudes on history, which is the totality, will be seen more clearly.
In this study, first of all, the concept of “language family” will be focused on by giving the “definition of language”. Then, the nature of Turkish will be discussed through the language family fiction and its reflections on history will be discussed. Turkish, English, Arabic and will be sampled throughout the study.
Genome-wide sequence identification and expression analysis of N6-methyladenosine demethylase in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under salt stress
Authors: Cui Jie , Liu Junli , Li Junliang , Cheng Dayou , Dai Cuihong
Published: January 2022

In eukaryotes, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant and highly conserved RNA modification. In vivo, m6A demethylase dynamically regulates the m6A level by removing the m6A marker where it plays an important role in plant growth, development and response to abiotic stress. The confirmed m6A demethylases in Arabidopsis thaliana include ALKBH9B and ALKBH10B, both belonging to the ALKB family. In this study, BvALKB family members were identified in sugar beet genome-wide database, and their conserved domains, gene structures, chromosomal locations, phylogeny, conserved motifs and expression of BvALKB genes were analyzed. Almost all BvALKB proteins contained the conserved domain of 2OG-Fe II-Oxy. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the ten proteins were clustered into five groups, each of which had similar motifs and gene structures. Three Arabidopsis m6A demethylase-homologous proteins (BvALKBH6B, BvALKBH8B and BvALKBH10B) were of particular interest in our study. Expression profile analysis showed that almost all genes were up-regulated or down-regulated to varying degrees under salt stress. More specifically, BvALKBH10B homologous to AtALKBH10B was significantly up-regulated, suggesting that the transcriptional activity of this gene is responsive to salt stress. This study provides a theoretical basis for further screening of m6A demethylase in sugar beet, and also lays a foundation for studying the role of ALKB family proteins in growth, development and response to salinity stress.
A Rare Clinical Scenario of Central Neurocytoma of Brain among Two Young Adult Patients
Authors: Haripriya G , Das Pranabandhu , Subramanian Bala Venkat , Rukmangadha Nandyala , Lakshmi AY
Published: January 2022

The Central Neurocytoma (CN) is a rare tumour of brain which is commonly seen in young adults. Two cases, A 24-year-old-male and a 37-year-old-female with CN of the lateral ventricles are reported here. Both patients presented with complaints of headache and seizures with no focal neurological deficits. Gross total excision of tumour was carried out via right frontoparietal craniotomy. Afterwards, they received adjuvant radiotherapy by Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT), 56Gy in 28 fractions for residual lesion. There was marked improvement in terms of tumour response and improvement of patient’s performance status and quality of life.
Assessment of Association between Domestic Violence and Antenatal Depression in Rural Indian Population
Authors: Shah Ashish kumar , John Sally , Chawla Khushboo , Kvankar Ganpat , Jaiswal Arpita
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Domestic Violence (DV) on women during perinatal period is a major public health issue. DV is prevalent throughout the world and has huge adverse effects in postnatal period. Aim: To assess prevalence and to determine the association between DV and depressive symptoms among antenatal women. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care centre at Jawaharlal Nehru medical college, Dutta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India, from September 2018 to September 2019. A 200 antenatal women between age range of 18-50 years attending the Outpatient Department were included in the study. They were administered the Edinberg Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) to evaluate for DV and its association with Antenatal Depression (AND). For the purpose of bivariate logistic regression, a variable for depression was computed based on EPDS scores, i.e., symptoms of depression during pregnancy, whereby an optimal cut-off of ≥13 was chosen as representing the presence of symptoms of depression. Statistical analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics using chi-square test. The p-value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: The most common age range of participants were between 21-30 years. A 28 (14%) of 200 women were found to have a history of DV. Majority of them experienced psychological abuse (39.3%), followed by verbal (28.6%), physical (7.4%) and combined types of abuses (25%). The perpetrators were mostly husbands and in- laws. Reasons for abuse included husband’s alcohol abuse, in- law’s interferences and dowry demand. Based on EDPS, 41.5% had depression and 9.5% had probable depression. DV was found to be significantly associated with AND. Income of the family and occupation of the patient were found to be other significant associated factors. Conclusion: Domestic Violence (DV) has a significant correlation with AND. Proper prenatal screening for DV, early diagnosis and management of AND including family interventions are necessary to improve the health and wellbeing of pregnant women.
Relationship between Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench]
Authors: Vinoth P. , Selvi B. , Senthil N. , Iyanar K. , Jeyarani S. , Santhiya V.
Published: January 2022

Knowledge about the association between grain yield and yield contributing traits is important for sorghum development programs. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine correlations and path-coefficients between grain yield per plant and yield contributing traits. The experiment was conducted during Kharif 2019 in the Department of millets, TNAU, Coimbatore, India by using nine parents and twenty hybrids to study the genotypic correlations on the basis of seventeen traits.  Analysis of variance evinced significant variation for all the traits under study. In correlation studies, the grain yield was positively associated with plant height (0.603), leaf length (0.613), leaf area index (0.501), flag leaf length (0.529), panicle length (0.608), panicle weight (0.930) and hundred seed weight (0.643). In path analysis, the traits leaf length, flag leaf length, panicle length, panicle weight and hundred seed weight exposed highly direct and indirect effects. Selection for a trait is effective when both the correlation and direct effect are higher and positive as this indicates its true association. Hence this investigation revealed flag leaf length, panicle length, panicle weight and hundred seed weight exhibited positive association and direct effect on grain yield, which indicates that the selection towards these characters will improve the yield.
Proximate Composition, Essential Heavy Metal Concentrations and Nutrient Density of the Mycelium and Fruiting Bodies of Organically Cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus
Authors: C. Onuoha Samuel , N. Okoroh Prince , Tom-Quinn Ruth A.
Published: January 2022

Proximate composition, essential heavy metal concentration of fruiting bodies (POFB) and mycelium (POMY) of Pleurotus ostreatus were conducted using standard methods. Moisture content was higher (9.79%) in POFB than in POMY (8.76%) on dry weight basis. Ash was higher in POFB(6.25%) than in POMY(3.25%).POFB presented higher crude protein value (24.66%) than POMY (21.17%). Crude fat values were low in both samples(POFB:0.28%; POMY:0.46) respectively. Fiber was higher in the mycelium (14.72%) than in the fruiting bodies (12.90%). The carbohydrate content of the mycelium was 51.93% while the value of carbohydrate in the fruiting bodies was 46.10%. POFB indicated energy value of 285.60Kcal/100g and the value in POMY was 296.57Kcal/100g. Iron, copper, manganese and chromium presented higher values in POFB than in POMY but zinc indicated higher level in POMY than in POFB.  The %DV highlighted in the study showed that the fruiting bodies and mycelium of organically cultivated P. ostreatus are rich in protein, fiber, carbohydrate, copper and iron. The nutrient density (ND) results revealed that POFB and POMY samples are nutritionally dense in fiber, copper and iron based on the World Health Food Rating System.  The results showed that POFB and POMY obtained by organic cultivation possess high nutritional profile, suggesting that people may use them in food and medicinal formulations.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of the General Population towards COVID-19 Vaccinations: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Abbasi Hira , Ahmed Fareena Khalil , Muzamil Muhammad , Hussain Zaheer , Lal Abhishek
Published: January 2022

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of the general population towards coronavirus vaccinations in Pakistan.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Dental Surgery, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Pakistan, between March 2021 and June 2021.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 500 individuals who were above 18 years of age. A well-constructed questionnaire consisting of 4 parts (Demographics, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices) was constructed containing informed consent and distributed online. Spearman correlation test was used to analyse knowledge, attitude, and practices towards coronavirus vaccinations.

Results: A total of 500 responses were collected from the participants. Most of the participants had adequate knowledge regarding the availability of the vaccines. About 116 (23.2%) participants had contracted the virus. The majority of 308 (61.7%) participants agreed on vaccines to be effective against the virus. Most of the 401 (80.4%) participants were willing to get themselves vaccinated when their turn comes. 265 out of 500 (53.1%) people have been vaccinated against coronavirus. The minority of people assumed a chip inside the vaccine and religious factors as reasons not to get vaccinated. Those residing in urban locations and with increasing age had better knowledge and attitudes towards vaccinations.

Conclusion: To control and contain the ongoing pandemic, vaccination against the coronavirus is a must. There is still scope in evaluating and improving the general population’s knowledge regarding the vaccination programs especially in the rural areas where resources and socioeconomic status is weaker.
Psychological Stress Due to Covid-19 on Pregnant Women in Post Partal Period
Authors: Patel Abhi , Chakole Swarupa , Bhatt Neha
Published: January 2022

There is no indication that covid-19 has a long-term effect on pregnancy, the mother's psychiatric condition, or the infant's developmental delay. Between May 1st and July 31st 2020, 72 pregnant patients with covid-19 took part in a study that took place in different locations. Since giving birth these woman patients engaged in three-month follow-up surveys. The data was collected from Covid-19 medical history, maternal reports, quarantine questionnaires, mother-baby feeding separation, and assessing the mothers psychiatric illnesses.

While there is no conclusive evidence of vertical transmission of SARS-COV-2, in order to reduce the risk of infection, healthcare professionals and researchers must focus more on the mental health of pregnant women, infant feeding, and closeness to the parents. This will aid in the early development of the new born, reducing stress on the mother.
Anti–Diabetic Activity of Murraya koenigii – A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Rekha U. Vidhya , Bhuminathan S. , Shankar P. Ravi
Published: January 2022

Diabetes mellitus, one of the noncommunicable illnesses, is a severe problem worldwide as one of the leading causes of death. Because existing synthetic medications have various drawbacks, researchers are still looking for better anti-hyperglycemic treatments. Plants have been used in ancient medicine for thousands of years. India is the biggest producer of medicinal plants and is aptly regarded as the "World's Botanical Garden." Murraya koenigii Linn, also known as Meethi neem, is a Rutaceae plant. Curry trees are unique to India and likely found almost everywhere else on the subcontinent, except in the Himalayan highlands. For centuries, curry leaves were used as an antiemetic, diarrhea remedy, febrifuge, and blood purifier. Curry leaves are useful as an antioxidant, anti-diabetic, antibacterial, antihypertensive, cytotoxic, and in treating bronchial respiratory problems. Traditionally, the leaves were utilized as a spice in curries as well as other dishes. It includes coumarins and derivatives, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and essential oil. Numerous studies have found that these phytochemicals have a significant effect on type 2 diabetes. This review focuses on this plant's anti-diabetic action and concludes that it has the potential to be evaluated as a candidate for developing a new diabetes mellitus medication.
COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Emergency Department Visits and Quality of Service: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Centre
Authors: Jaboua Maram Mohammed , Abdulhaq Warif Jameel , Almuntashiri Nada Saeed , Almohammdi Sarah Saud , Aldajani Asayel Qeblan , Alghamdi Ahmed Mohammed , Alsubhi Amjad Suda , Almehmadi Rahaf Ali
Published: January 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to a devastating impact on emergency departments worldwide, resulting in a global crisis with various health consequences. We aimed to evaluate this impact on an emergency department (ED) visit of critical conditions such as Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), Sepsis and Febrile neutropenia (FN), and to assess the quality of the ED after new adaptive measures were applied.

Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study to assess the number of patients who presented to the ED of King Abdullah Medical city with the specified diagnosis. We collected data via the E-medical records. We compared the data over three periods pre-lockdown, lockdown and post lockdown in years 2019-2021. For quality measurement, Adaa (Ministry of Health's program) was used to calculate the percentage of patients who stayed 4 hours or less in the ED.

Results: The total number of ED visits in the specified periods of study was 8387. The total numbers of patients for 2019, 2020, and 2020 respectively were 2011 (, ACS 70.4%, CVA 16.3%, sepsis and FN 13.3%.), 2733 (ACS 73.1%, CVA 9.9%, sepsis and FN 17.0%), and 3643 (ACS 64.0%, CVA 19.4%, sepsis and FN 16.7). The average percentage of patients who stayed 4 hours or less in the ED was 60% and 57.5% for 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Conclusion: Although we expected reductions in ED visits during COVID-19 periods, we found that visits were rising through the years 2019-2021.
Study on Role of In-patient Pharmacist in Prescribed Drug Handling, Mixing, Infusing and Spillage Handling of Chemotherapeutic Drug-Cisplatin in a Tertiary Hospital Pharmacy
Authors: Kalpana K. Gladys , Arun K. , Jebaraj Abraham , Senthil J. , Anandhi M. , Roshini S. Felicia
Published: January 2022

The in-patient pharmacist in a cancer hospital plays a major role in patient care especially in patient taking chemotherapy and other narrow indexed drugs as a part of cancer treatment. The pharmacist works as one of the members of cancer treatment team along with physician, oncologist, nurse and other medical professionals. An oncology pharmacist has major role in chemotherapeutic drug handling, mixing, infusing and spillage handling in a disciplined manner. In order to get hands on training about ‘‘oncology-pharmacy’’, it is a mandatory novel pharmaceutical department where a hospital pharmacist who works in oncology will have to get training in handling of chemotherapeutic drugs. The pharmacists who are interested in cancer care will involve in various facets cancer care; from chemotherapeutic drug regimen preparation, mixing of dosage regimen, infusing and finally spillage handling. Hence, it is a mandatory criterion for a graduate pharmacist to get hands on training in specialty Centre to take the responsibility as oncology in-patient pharmacist. The inpatient pharmacist can also be a clinical investigator for various clinical trials involving chemotherapeutic medication usage in patients with cancer. Current study shows that an inpatient pharmacist can play a major role in handling, mixing, infusing and spillage handling of chemotherapeutic drugs in a cancer care centre. The pharmacists are also responsible for reducing drug waste, dealing with drug shortages and reducing exposure to hazardous cytotoxic drugs. The current study suggests that the pharmacist in a cancer care hospital should specially be trained for the handling of chemotherapeutic drugs, mixing and infusion, spillage handling and wastage handling in order to provide accurate treatment for patient and to avoid untoward damage to the person who is handling.
The Use of Fluorometholone Eye Drops in a Public Healthcare Organization in Riyadh Province
Authors: Ahmad Nehad J. , Salkini Mohamad Ayman
Published: January 2022

Aim: This study aimed to describe the use of fluorometholone eye drops in a public healthcare organization in Riyadh Province

Methodology: This is a retrospective study that includes reviewing the electronic prescriptions of fluorometholone eye drops among outpatients in a public healthcare organization in Riyadh Province

Results: During the study period, only 42 patients received fluorometholone eye drops. More than 64% of them were females and the age of 28.57% of them was between 20 and 29 years. More than 73% of the patients received fluorometholone eye drops for 1 week. Most of the prescriptions were prescribed by residents. More than 95% of the prescriptions were written by ophthalmology department.

Conclusion: The present study showed that fluorometholone eye drops was uncommonly prescribed in Al-Kharj. More studies are needed to describe the frequency of using and the pattern of prescribing fluorometholone eye drops.
Relationship between Dental Arch Width and Vertical Facial Morphology in Untreated Adults- A Retrospective Study
Authors: Narkhede Sameer , Sabharwal Kretikka , Soni Vivek , Shetty Karthick , Sonawane Sushma , Gadhiya Nitin , Singh Rakesh , Khamatkar Aparna , Sawant Veera
Published: January 2022

Early orthodontic research has focused on the link between face shape and malocclusion. Orthodontic treatment's effectiveness and stability are heavily influenced by a patient's dental and facial anatomy. An orthodontist's knowledge of arch shapes is essential since it affects the patient's treatment and future growth.

For this study, the researchers wanted to see if there was a link between vertical face morphology and arch width, and if there was a difference in arch width between males and females. Arch width measurements (in millimetres) were utilised to determine the association.

For both males and females, participants with the lowest mandibular plane angle had the widest arch, followed by those with the average mandibular angle and those with the highest.
Anaesthetic Management of Left Temporal Glioma Undergoing Awake Craniotomy
Authors: Nisal Roshan , Kumar Vasam Rajesh , Pandit Wankhade Prachi , Ninave Sanjot
Published: January 2022

For an awake craniotomy, a 49 year old (ASA 2), 78 kg woman with type II DM was given regional anaesthesia (scalp block) with monitored anaesthesia care (MAC). She had a headache, which was primarily caused by a left temporal glioma. She was very apprehensive about having this procedure done while she was awake. Fentanyl and Dexmedetomidine infusions in combination with scalp block initially provided adequate operating conditions. Because the patient needed to be fully awake, alert and cooperative during the language and motor mapping, all sedation was turned off. Patient was cooperative and obeyed commands during motor and language mapping as well as during tumour excision. Patient underwent complete excision of tumour without any postoperative neurological deficit. The success of the awake craniotomy  is dependent on the patient cooperation, anaesthesiologist's experience, adequate intraoperative analgesia coverage, careful sedation titration, and meticulous planning.
Evaluation of the Relationship of Various Patterns of Quid Usage in Patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Leukoplakia in Central India Population: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Chandak Rakhi , Chandak Manoj , Bansod Runal , Sathawane Ramhari , Bansod Rutuz , Thakre Pranali
Published: January 2022

Background: Oral habits can cause severe oral potentially malignant disorders. There is a need to deeply analyse the role of betel nut in the causation of these disorders. Patients must be educated in order to prevent them from grabbing these conditions as inspection leads to prevention.

Aim: The aim of our study was to study and analyse the different patterns of quid usage among the participants with oral submucous fibrosis and leukoplakia in Central India population.

Patients and Methods: The study was performed on 90 patients amongst which 45 patients were clinically diagnosed of oral submucous fibrosis & the other 45 patients were diagnosed of leukoplakia.  The cases were then subjected to a detailed questionnaire which aimed to extract information regarding the various types of quid usage habits, their frequency and duration. The data was recorded and statistical analysis was done.

Results: The study included 90 subjects – 86 males & 4 females. Out of 6 types of quid habits it is found that type IV (processed areca nut), Type VI (combined quid usage) quid caused OSMF stage II, Stage III & homogenous leukoplakia respectively. There is a strong association between duration and frequency of habit in causation of OSMF & leukoplakia.

Conclusion: The present study showed increased prevalence of OSMF & leukoplakia with type IV & VI quid usage among the population of Central India.
Effect of Muscle Energy Technique in Patient with Chronic Neck Pain- A Case Report
Authors: Jain Deepak , Patil Deepali , Phansopkar Pratik
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Chronic neck pain might lead to a change in muscle tissue fibres. Neck discomfort is a serious and prevalent sickness. It is common in the general population, and it frequently results in severe impairment. These alterations have an impact on the cervical spine's capacity to govern 3-D movement efficiently. A range of manual therapy approaches are available to assist relieve pain and impairment while also cervical spine range of motion enhancement and everyday mobility. More evidence for Muscle Energy Technique (MET) in treating such a condition was found. This case report describes muscular energy technique's effect on a patient who has been suffering from neck pain for a long time.

Case Presentation: At the previous three months, a 27-year-old female accountant in a hospital with extended periods of sitting while working on a computer presented to our facility with neck pain. Increase in pain with looking up.

Discussion: The therapy was well embraced through this patient to muscle energy technique resulting in a high degree of flexibility in the cervical spine, reduce pain and improves flexibility and strength.

Conclusion: Physiotherapy has a significant effect Pain, strength, and range of motion are all factors to consider. The findings of this case study indicate that a specific muscle energy technique It's possible that a routine will help to alleviate the problem of neck pain, improves strength and functional ability.
Sunlight Control of Ferromagnetic Damping in Photovoltaic/Ferromagnetic Heterostructures
Authors: Li Chunlei , Li Yaojin , Zhao Yifan , Du Yujing , Zhao Meng , Peng Wanjun , Wu Yangyang , Liu Ming , Zhou Ziyao
Published: January 2022

The inexorable trend of spintronics is to develop efficient spin‐control methods. For example, photovoltaic spintronics driven by sunlight has great potential in energy‐saving applications. Here, a ferromagnetic/PV heterojunction is prepared on Si‐substrate as Ta (4 nm)/Co (1 nm)/ZnO (from 10 to 58 nm)/PTB7‐Th: PC71BM/Pt (3 nm) to study how visible light affected magnetic dynamics. A linewidth variation as high as 812.55 Oe is achieved by optimizing the thickness of ZnO film used to enhance the electron transfer. Due to the photovoltaic effect, reversible ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) linewidth switches are displayed, which is attributed to the 3d orbitals occupancy of Co induced the TMS contribution and inhomogeneous broadening. This work proposes a sunlight controllable magnetic damping heterostructure for developing fast, small, energy‐efficient spintronics applications.
High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors Enabled by Aqueous Solution Processing of Amphiphilicity‐Driven Polymer Assembly
Authors: Jeong Dahyun , Jo Il‐Young , Lee Seungjin , Kim Ji Hwan , Kim Youngseok , Kim Donguk , Reynolds John R. , Yoon Myung‐Han , Kim Bumjoon J.
Published: January 2022

Despite the growing attention on organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), most research has focused on the design of p‐type active materials, and the number of high‐performance n‐type materials is limited. Herein, a series of naphthalene diimide‐based polymers incorporated with asymmetrically branched oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) side chains are developed to enable green‐solvent‐processed, high‐performance n‐type OECTs. The branched OEG side chains afford sufficient solubility in eco‐friendly ethanol/water solvent mixtures. Importantly, taking advantage of the amphiphilic nature of OEG‐based polymers, ethanol/water solvents selectively solvate hydrophilic OEG side chains, while producing assembled π−π stacks of hydrophobic backbones. This enables highly ordered polymer packing with a preferential edge‐on orientation, and thus excellent lateral charge transport. In particular, the fine‐tuned OEG side chains of P(NDIMTEG‐T) provide compact backbone packing, effective polaron generation, and superior electrochemical stability with optimized swelling capability. The resultant n‐type OECT shows the best electrical/electrochemical performance in the family, represented by a high transconductance (gm) of 0.38 S cm−1 and a large figure‐of‐merit (µC*) of 0.56 F V−1 cm−1 s−1. This study demonstrates the use of aqueous processing in OECTs, for the first time, and suggests important guidelines for the design of n‐type organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductors with excellent OECT characteristics.
A Minimalist Binary Vaccine Carrier for Personalized Postoperative Cancer Vaccine Therapy
Authors: Zhao Jiayu , Xu Yudi , Ma Sheng , Wang Yibo , Huang Zichao , Qu Haoyuan , Yao Haochen , Zhang Yu , Wu Guanglu , Huang Leaf , Song Wantong , Tang Zhaohui , Chen Xuesi
Published: January 2022

In recent years, significant evolutions have been made in applying nanotechnologies for prophylactic and therapeutic cancer vaccine design. However, the clinical translation of nanovaccines is still limited owing to their complicated compositions and difficulties in the spatiotemporal coordination of antigen‐presenting cell activation and antigen cross‐presentation. Herein, a minimalist binary nanovaccine (BiVax) is designed that integrates innate stimulating activity into the carrier to elicit robust antitumor immunity. The authors started by making a series of azole molecules end‐capped polyethylenimine (PEI‐M), and were surprised to find that over 60% of the PEI‐M polymers have innate stimulating activity via activation of the stimulator of interferon genes pathway. PEI‐4BImi, a PEI‐M obtained from a series of polymers, elicits robust antitumor immune responses when used as a subcutaneously injected nanovaccine by simply mixing with ovalbumin antigens, and this BiVax system performs much better than the traditional ternary vaccine system, as well as, commercialized aluminum‐containing adjuvants. This system also enables the fast preparation of personalized BiVax by compositing PEI‐4BImi with autologous tumor cell membrane protein antigens, and a 60% postoperative cure rate is observed when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
A Demystified Guide on Fabrication and Characterization of Perovskites‐Based Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Popoola AbdulJelili , Oloore Luqman E. , Popoola Idris K.
Published: January 2022

It is by no means an exaggeration that perovskites have been preeminent in championing revolution of energy‐harnessing and energy‐saving devices such as photodetectors and supercapacitors. In particular, huge and relentless research efforts are being channeled toward improving efficiency of perovskites‐based photodetectors. Some of these efforts may be categorized under material synthesis, device architecture, device fabrication, and device characterization. Herein, a guide to standard techniques of synthesizing perovskites materials is presented, fabricating photodetectors and characterizing photodetectors. The information in the present review is carefully synthesized from practices reported by authors of the most efficient photodetectors. Also, characterization techniques that leads to overestimation of figures of merits are highlighted to set benchmarks for validity of figures of merits obtained from photodetectors. Finally, tons of open research questions on material modification and device fabrication are identified in this review, setting up foundations for further improvement in performance of perovskites‐based photodetectors.
Revisiting the Preparation Progress of Nano‐Structured Si Anodes toward Industrial Application from the Perspective of Cost and Scalability
Authors: Li Haodong , Li Haoyu , Lai Yizhu , Yang Zhiwei , Yang Qing , Liu Yang , Zheng Zhuo , Liu Yuxia , Sun Yan , Zhong Benhe , Wu Zhenguo , Guo Xiaodong
Published: January 2022

The urgent demand for lithium ion batteries with high energy density is driving the increasing research interest in Si, which possesses an ultrahigh theoretical capacity. Though various modification strategies have been proposed from the aspects of electrolytes, binders, Si‐M alloys, and Si/C composites, the preparation of nano‐structured Si is the first step for industrial application, since it has the potential solve the intrinsic problem of severe volume change during the lithiation/delithiation process. A series of Si nanostructures including 0D (nanoparticles), 1D (nanowires, nanotubes), 2D (thin film), and 3D (porous structure) have been developed and displayed encouraging results. However, it remains a great challenge to realize industrial production with acceptable cost and batch stability. In this review, the preparation development of nano‐structured Si is revisited. After briefly introducing the market situation for nanostructured Si, the fabrication of various kinds of nanostructure Si are introduced, and the corresponding progress including ball milling, magnesium thermal reduction, temple method, chemical vapor deposition, and chemical etching are comprehensively reexamined and compared from the perspective of mechanism, cost, technical maturity, and recent development. Finally, the further directions of nano‐structured Si preparation toward industrial production are deeply discussed. This review of preparation of nanostructured Si helps to pave the way toward commercial application of high energy density Si‐anodes.
Organic Acid Etching Strategy for Dendrite Suppression in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Wenxi , Huang Gang , Wang Yizhou , Cao Zhen , Cavallo Luigi , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Alshareef Husam N.
Published: January 2022

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) represent a promising technology for grid‐scale energy storage due to their innate safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, planar Zn foil intrinsically suffers from limited ion and electron transport pathways, poor wettability, and surface passivation, preventing the homogenous deposition of metallic Zn and poor durability of AZIBs. Herein, a 3D Zn foil with hierarchical porous architecture is developed through a facile non‐aqueous organic acid etching strategy. The 3D Zn anode is pore‐rich and cavity‐rich, leading to significantly enhanced accessibility to aqueous electrolytes. Accordingly, this 3D Zn anode enables preferential plating of Zn in the porous texture with suppressed dendrite growth, as confirmed by ex situ scanning electron microscopy and finite element analysis. The cycle life of the 3D Zn anode is sustained over 930 and 1500 h at 4.0 mA cm−2‐2.0 mAh cm−2 and 1.0 mA cm−2‐1.0 mAh cm−2, respectively. Furthermore, the assembled 3D Zn and α‐MnO2 full batteries demonstrate a prolonged cycle life of 3000 cycles with improved rate performance. The etching strategy using non‐aqueous organic acid paves a new way to fabricate 3D metal anodes for Zn and other metal anode batteries.
Liquid Metal Remedies Silicon Microparticulates Toward Highly Stable and Superior Volumetric Lithium Storage
Authors: Zhao Ziyun , Han Junwei , Chen Fanqi , Xiao Jing , Zhao Yufei , Zhang Yifang , Kong Debin , Weng Zhe , Wu Shichao , Yang Quan‐Hong
Published: January 2022

A silicon microparticulate material (SiMP) used as the anode for lithium‐ion batteries promises higher volumetric capacity and less interfacial reactions than its costly nanoparticulate counterpart. However, what mostly hinders its practical use is its expansion and pulverization during cycling that induces electrical disconnection and electrode polarization. A liquid metal (LM) is proposed as a remedy for these problems that acts as an adaptive conducting continuum to cure both short‐ and long‐range electrical disconnection. LM encapsulated in a carbon layer constructs a local electrical “ocean” adaptively connecting pulverized Si “islands” upon cycling. Furthermore, carbon nanofibers grown on the LM provide long‐range conducting bridges between the microparticulates, which allow the production of thick electrodes that can be used with SiMPs. With the increased tap densities (4.15 and 1.75 g cm−3 respectively for the composite and the electrode), these thick electrodes give highly stable and superior volumetric lithium storage. These results pave the way for practical compact lithium batteries with SiMPs that have a high‐volumetric energy density.