bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current Employment Challenges and Corresponding Solutions in China
Authors: Dong Jiajun , Kang Jiarui , Xu Ruilin
Published: January 2024

This paper elaborates on the employment problems in China and proposes solutions from the perspectives of regional differences and environmental changes. There is a clear problem of urban-rural segmentation in China. There are relatively few employment opportunities in rural areas, and the influx of urban population has led to an increase in urban employment pressure. At the same time, the transfer and employment of rural labor force is also a problem that needs to be solved. There are regional differences in the development of China's economy and employment opportunities. Coastal areas and developed cities usually have more employment opportunities and economic development, while inland and underdeveloped areas face the problem of insufficient employment opportunities. This exacerbates the income gap and population mobility between regions. With the intensification of aging population, the demand for employment in fields such as elderly care and healthcare is also increasing. Understanding the employment challenges in the job market can guide the formulation and implementation of employment promotion policies, entrepreneurial support policies, and vocational training subsidies, in order to improve employment levels and reduce unemployment rates.
Impact of Covid-19 on the Demand of Coal Bulk Transportation in China
Authors: Liao Jiahua
Published: January 2024

China's coal bulk transportation sector, instrumental in fulfilling 60% of the nation's primary energy demand in 2019, has been at the forefront of energy research given its criticality to China's energy matrix. Motivated by the widespread disruptions during the Covid-19 pandemic, this study employs a case-based method, focusing on the effects on both imported and domestically produced coal transportation, drawing from a plethora of references. This paper’s findings indicate that while there was an initial decline in coal sales and imports in early 2020, strategic interventions led to a 4.6% rise in coal imports by 2021, coupled with a growth of 11% in domestic coal production in 2022. Emphasizing resilience, the sector witnessed a notable rekindling of coal trade with Australia by 2023. This research not only underscores China's capacity for adaptability in its coal sector amidst global disruptions but also lays a foundational framework for future studies, accentuating the significance of understanding energy resilience in a post-pandemic world.
Sodium Channel Inhibitors (Nav1.7, 1.8, And 1.9) For Neuropathic Pain Management
Authors: Lai Yingyi
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the potential of voltage-gated sodium channels, specifically Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9, in the management of neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain, a complex and chronic condition resistant to conventional treatments, poses a significant clinical challenge. Recent research has shed light on the role of these sodium channel isoforms, predominantly found in peripheral sensory neurons, as novel targets for analgesic development. In this study, we delve into the structural and functional aspects of these channels, their involvement in action potential generation and propagation, and their contribution to neuropathic pain. Furthermore, we review the development and clinical efficacy of selective sodium channel inhibitors, addressing associated challenges and discussing potential future directions in this promising field. Our paper aims to emphasize the potential of sodium channel blockers as a promising approach to neuropathic pain treatment, highlighting their role in providing targeted pain relief with potentially fewer side effects. The contributions of this study include new insights into the role of specific sodium channel isoforms, the evaluation of selective inhibitors, and an overview of the challenges and opportunities in this field of pain managemen.
Financial Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Lululemon Athletica
Authors: Sun Wenze
Published: January 2024

This article analyzes and evaluates the financial condition of Lululemon Athletica, focusing on aspects such as market volatility, profitability, liquidity, solvency, efficiency, growth potential, and financial leverage. The analysis aims to assist investors, analysts, and stakeholders in understanding Lululemon Athletica's financial performance and its ability to adapt to economic changes. The article emphasizes the importance of financial data and provides an overview of commonly used financial analysis tools and methods. It also includes a cash flow analysis of Lululemon and discusses the company's financial status, including key financial ratios and indicators. Overall, Lululemon's financial status is relatively stable, with minor fluctuations in certain areas. However, the company's return on assets shows high volatility, suggesting a need for improvement in asset utilization efficiency. Investors are advised to consider various financial indicators and tools when analyzing Lululemon Athletica's financial health and market performance.
Analysis of Luckin Coffee Listed Financial Competitiveness
Authors: Gao Yunxi
Published: January 2024

Luckin Coffee is a Chinese coffee chain that has risen rapidly and successfully gone public in just a few years. This paper aims to analyze the financial competitiveness of Luckin Coffee by comparing and analyzing its financial indicators before and after listing. In recent years, the rise of the Chinese coffee market, Luckin Coffee recently due to financial fraud and thunder, resulting in Luckin Coffee's financial situation has declined to a certain extent. This paper will take Luckin Coffee as an example to conduct a comprehensive evaluation, evaluation and analysis of Luckin Coffee's listed financial competitiveness. It also analyzes the financial competitiveness of Luckin Coffee and gives suggestions. This study is of great significance for understanding Luckin Coffee's financial status and development potential, and also provides reference and inspiration for other enterprises in similar industries.
Automatic Pricing and Replenishment Decisions of Vegetable Products Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Huifeng , Yan Ziheng
Published: January 2024

The objective of this paper is to address the replenishment challenge caused by the limited shelf life of vegetables and maximize the profit potential of a diverse range of vegetables, based on extensive data analysis encompassing vegetable sales rates and gross profits. In this study, machine learning techniques, including the Spielman correlation coefficient, are employed to derive the demand price regression curve and R^2 value. Subsequently, a random forest regression model is utilized for training and predicting data, while an ARIMA model based on time series data is applied for individual data processing. The expected return under current prices is calculated iteratively until convergence is achieved in terms of optimal expected returns, best prices, and ideal replenishment strategies. The stability of the data is assessed using the ADF test with satisfactory results obtained. This research yields numerous computational outcomes through machine learning methodologies. Among these findings, broccoli emerges as the most profitable vegetable with the highest purchase quantity and sales volume; meanwhile, Yunnan lettuce stands out as having the largest catch quantity. Demand exhibits a predominantly negative correlation with price; furthermore, after incorporating constraints such as "minimum packaging amount," medium-priced dishes yield maximum profitability. These findings hold significant value and practical implications for real-life problem-solving.
A Study of China’s Nascent Tea Drink Industry to Explore the Possibility of Africa’s Nascent Tea Market
Authors: Yang Yifan
Published: January 2024

As the global economy continues to burgeon after the pandemic, nascent tea drinks which are first invented in China are becoming more and more popular since they are both tasty and healthful. The paper mainly researches China’s nascent tea drink market and critically investigates the possibility of applying the business mode to the African market which is currently unexplored. In terms of China’s market, development history, industry chain, consumer concerns, and a case study of HEYTEA--a well-known nascent tea brand in China--are discussed to advance the knowledge of nascent tea industry and the implications of establishing the nascent tea drink market in African countries. After the analysis of China’s market, a SWOT analysis and recommended practices about establishing the nascent tea drink markets in African countries are later discussed in the paper. The SWOT analysis mainly discusses the benefits and drawbacks of developing nascent tea drink market in Africa and the potential threats and opportunities.
Optimal modeling of line paths based on multibeam bathymetric system
Authors: Lai Hanyi , Zhang Kun , Zou Fang
Published: January 2024

Multibeam ocean bathymetry is one of the major issues in exploring the ocean. For problems such as multibeam line ocean bathymetry, this paper starts from the related theory, analyzes the inherent geometric features of the problem, comprehensively establishes a multibeam line model with generalized significance within a certain error range, and according to the method of least squares, gives a model of the line with a fixed opening angle of the multibeam transducer in a certain range of the sea area. Firstly, from the geometrical point of view, the interpreted diagram and the schematic diagram given in the title are combined and simplified into a problem of solving a triangle. The trigonometric equations are listed through the sine theorem and solved algebraically. A mathematical model is developed about the coverage width and adjacent strips. Then, from the question, we know that we need to solve the modeling differences caused by the different angles of the measuring lines in different directions, i.e., to elevate the two-dimensional problem of solving triangles to a three-dimensional problem of three-dimensional geometry. By finding the angle between the coverage width and the horizontal plane , we know the relationship between it and the angle between the direction of the survey line  and the slope angle  , so as to establish the model of the coverage width of multibeam bathymetry. Summarized by the verification of the previous conclusions, this paper obtains: when controlling the width of two adjacent survey lines exactly meets the overlap rate of 10% with the previous survey line, and the survey line direction is perpendicular to the seafloor slope in the projection, the measurement length is the shortest at this time. Using the above summary as a constraint, the shortest path is calculated to be 66 nautical miles using the trigonometric method.
Tesla stock prediction: a comparative study between four models
Authors: Li Hao
Published: January 2024

One of the most significant components of the economy is the stock market. Due to the impact of many industries and market conditions, Tesla stock prices are continually fluctuating. Stock market forecasts are becoming more precise as artificial intelligence develops. The performance of the four methods is compared in this article, which predicts Tesla's stock using linear regression, super vector regression, RFR, and LSTM. The study's findings show that all four methodologies are capable of accurately predicting Tesla's stock prices according to four parameters (R-squared, MSE, RMSE, and MAE). Linear regression stands out among them due to its highest R-squared value (0.85) for Tesla from 2020 to 2022, compared to the other three models. The findings of this study provide empirical evidence for investors.
Ruixing Coffee Versus Starbucks in China: Has Technology Given Ruixing Coffee an Edge
Authors: Wang Yuhan
Published: January 2024

Ruixing Coffee's rapid ascendancy in the Chinese market, outpacing the longstanding leader, Starbucks, is a notable phenomenon in the coffee retail industry. This study analyzes the underlying strategies and technological innovations that facilitated Ruixing's remarkable growth since its inception in 2017. With a distinctive focus on its tech-driven approach, the research highlights Ruixing's meticulous use of smart technology in business monitoring, the integration of blockchain for financial transparency, the role of big data in its operations, and its strategic emphasis on precision marketing. In addition, the company's commitment to robust data protection and cybersecurity practices further underscores its progressive business model. This comprehensive exploration reveals how Ruixing Coffee has effectively gained advantage after Starbucks in China's competitive coffee market landscape by reviewing qualitative and quantitative data regarding Ruixing’s technology, marketing strategy and cultural fitness. Ruixing coffee pursues improvements in data security, actively follows social trends in China, offering lessons for businesses in leveraging technology for competitive advantage.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Current Advances and Future Perspective
Authors: Jiang Zhijun , Liu Yuhang , Wang Haohui
Published: January 2024

Immune therapy has become the fourth method to treat tumors after the traditional methods including radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. Immune therapies use humans’ innate immune system to fight against tumors. Nowadays there are many immune therapies used in clinic, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, cytokine therapies, and so on. One of the most mature and widely used immune therapies is immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Because tumor surface have some proteins that can bind to the receptors on the immune cells, once they are bound the function of the immune system will be inhibited and so tumors can live in human bodies and not be killed by the immune system. Immune checkpoint inhibitor is a method that uses different proteins to block the receptors on the immune cells and the ligands on the tumor cells. In that way, the immune cells will be activated, and kill the tumors. It is worth mentioning that immune checkpoint inhibitors CTLA-4 and PD-1 have made some process in clinical. This article will review some immune checkpoints, make detailed introductions about immune checkpoints CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 and their recent advances and some immune checkpoints under investigation.
A Comparative Analysis of Financing Channels for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Gu Ziqiu
Published: January 2024

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), as an essential component of the Chinese economy, represent 99% of total enterprises, contributing 60% of China's GDP, 50% of tax revenue, and 80% of urban employment. However, SMEs often face difficulties in obtaining affordable financing, with capital shortage being their most significant challenge. This study aims to compare different financing channels for SMEs to optimize financing decisions, reduce financing risks, enhance financing capabilities, promote the development of financing markets, and improve competitiveness. This research is of vital importance for the sustainable development of SMEs and economic growth. This paper will analyze and compare the advantages and disadvantages of financing channels, focusing on bank loans and trust loans, and present an overview of the overall financing scale and channels in the pre-pandemic era. Despite economic uncertainties, Chinese SMEs have demonstrated resilience and adaptability. They are actively seeking new market opportunities, optimizing financing strategies, reducing operating costs, and responding proactively to government policies. These efforts are expected to help them navigate through economic challenges and achieve sustainable development.
Research on Optimization of Investment Portfolio in the New Energy Vehicle Industry Chain
Authors: Lin Jinyi
Published: January 2024

The urgent environmental problems caused by global climate change have propelled the rise of the new energy vehicle industry. Nations and business are also focusing on the research and promotion of this industry. Due to the fast development, investors face both promised investment opportunities and complicated challenges. Against this backdrop, a vital issue, which is how to choose the optimal investment portfolio to achieve the maximum possible return while experience the lowest possible risk, arises. This paper collects the closing price of stocks from 5 companies in different sectors of the new energy vehicle industry, with the period from 19 August 2022 to 18 August 2023 and then computes the variance of closing price and average return of the stocks, finally uses the COVAR function in excel to obtain the covariance matrix. After processing the data, the paper applies the Markowitz mean-variance model to obtain the optimal portfolio formation. Results show that this industry may not be a good choice for investors currently since all three portfolios show negative returns, while the negativity do not completely negate the long-term potential of this industry as the development of the industry can be influenced by various factors. It is therefore to conduct deeper research to better understand the industry dynamics and future trend.
Low-Voltage Ride-Through Technology in Photovoltaic Power Generation
Authors: Xu Ke
Published: January 2024

As global photovoltaic (PV) integration surges, the ramifications of PV systems on the power grid have become increasingly pronounced. When faced with grid disturbances or faults, the abrupt disconnection of PV systems can critically imperil grid stability. In light of this, the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) technology, pivotal for resilient grid fault recovery, stands out as an essential topic in PV power generation's advancement. This paper initiates a deep dive into the contemporary prerequisites for PV LVRT capabilities and delineates pathways for their effective realization. It then meticulously unpacks the evolution and multifaceted methods associated with the twin primary LVRT strategies: the assimilation of auxiliary apparatuses and the nuanced control of inverters. A critical analysis is presented in the succeeding sections, contrasting these cardinal strategies' relative merits and demerits and their diverse implementation modalities. The paper culminates with insightful recommendations, positioning itself as an invaluable scaffold for subsequent scholarly explorations in PV LVRT paradigms.
Average Displacement of Multi-Beam Measurement Vessel based on 2D Particle Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Yang Wenbo
Published: January 2024

To address the optimization of a survey vessel's navigation route, this study uses historical sea depth data from a maritime area several years ago as an example. The research employs the two-dimensional Particle Swarm Optimization (2DPSO) algorithm to calculate the direction and distance for vessel navigation while adhering to constraints, aiming to obtain the optimal route for the survey vessel. Traditional Particle Swarm Optimization exhibits rapid early-stage convergence, but slows in the later stages and is susceptible to local optima. Hence, we opt for the 2DPSO algorithm, known for its simpler structure and incorporation of penalty functions to constrain particle values. This enhances algorithm performance and minimizes the risk of falling into local optima, offering a better solution to optimal route planning.
The Impact of Corporate ESG Activities on Firm’s Risk - China Listed Companies from 2013 to 2022
Authors: Zhou Shiyan
Published: January 2024

The impact of corporate social activities on corporate financial performance has become a popular topic in recent decades. Using data from 102 companies listed in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchange markets from 2013 to 2022, this paper examines the correlation between corporate performance, evaluated through three aspects, environmental, social responsibility, and governance (“ESG”), and the firm risk. We obtain data from the China Securities ESG Index System and CSMAR database. The OLS two-way fixed effect regression model is utilized in this study after the Hausman test to examine the association between corporate ESG activity development and company risk. Our empirical results show that ESG and business risk have a negative relationship, and this relation is significant. This paper conducts a robustness test, and we find that the results are still robust after considering more firm characteristics as control variables. Based on this result, this paper also discusses the implications for stakeholders, such as employees, business managers, and financial analysts. Further research prospects are also provided based on the limitations of this research.
Sustainable Future: Development and Potential of Modern Timber Structures
Authors: Chen Qilin
Published: January 2024

The increasingly prominent issues of high energy consumption and carbon emissions brought about by traditional construction materials have led to the rapid emergence of modern timber structures as a sustainable alternative. This paper comprehensively analyzes the multiple advantages of timber construction, emphasizing its characteristics such as environmental friendliness, thermal insulation, seismic resistance, flexibility, and durability. The eco-friendliness of timber structures stems from wood being a renewable resource, and the construction process significantly reduces carbon footprint. Wood possesses certain flexibility and shock-absorbing capabilities, enabling it to dissipate energy during earthquakes and enhance the building's seismic resistance. Additionally, the design flexibility of modern timber structures allows their application in diverse complex scenarios to meet various demands. In timber structure design, optimization of mechanical performance remains crucial to ensure stability and safety. Implementing appropriate protective measures can prolong the service life of timber structures and ensure their safety in fire incidents. Numerous successful domestic and international cases demonstrate the feasibility of timber structures in various architectural contexts, highlighting their broad prospects for development. Particularly in China, the abundant potential of timber resources provides substantial opportunities for timber structure development. With advancing technology and accumulated experience, China's timber structure construction is poised to achieve significant breakthroughs. In summary, with its unique advantages, modern timber construction will continue to demonstrate its sustainable development value in areas including environmental friendliness, seismic resilience, and durability. It will play a crucial role in contributing to the sustainable development of future architecture.
How Real Interest Rate Influences Real GDP, CPI and Unemployment Rate in EU countries
Authors: Yang Tiancheng
Published: January 2024

The article aims to use linear regression model to analyze quantitative correlation of real interest rate and three economic indices, namely real GDP, CPI and unemployment rate based on data of France, Germany and Italy. When the government tries to control the economic condition by adjusting interest rate, a clear quantitative correlation between interest rate and some important economic indices can make the consequence more controllable. A research based on real data can also help avoid mistake due to inconsistency between theoretical model and real life. As a result, the final model reveals that real GDP is negatively correlated with real interest rate, while CPI and unemployment rate are both positively correlated with real interest rate in short term, which is opposite to the initial expectation of CPI and unemployment rate. Such consequence may suggest the government to consider the possible opposite result in short term when they try to adjust the price level by altering real interest rate, as well as the unexpected change in unemployment rate.
The Relationship Between the Changes in Landscaping and Economic Development in Taiyuan
Authors: Lin Zixuan
Published: January 2024

This study is based on the development process of Taiyuan in the past ten years, combined with the basic policy of the state on urban planning and development. The changes in Taiyuan's industrial structure are expounded to lead to the environmental pollution caused by Taiyuan's use of heavy industry as the core of economic development. Explain the benefits of landscaping on pollution control. It also explores the direct impact of landscaping on the environment of Taiyuan and the indirect impact on the economic development of Taiyuan. It is found that there is a positive influence between the two. In addition, this article introduces the world-renowned garden building ‘Punggol Town’, compares the climate, terrain and other conditions of the two places, and analyses the feasibility of Taiyuan's direct imitation. Although Taiyuan cannot use the development model of ‘Punggol Town’, landscaping still has a broad development prospect in the economic development of Taiyuan. This article aims to introduce the relationship between landscaping and the economic development of Taiyuan in an easy-to-understand way, and to study and discuss it.
Potential Consequences of a Change in Money Wage Under Keynesian Macroeconomics Theory
Authors: Wang Ziqi
Published: January 2024

This research paper has delved into wage dynamics and economic health. The author has chosen to juxtapose the Keynesian macroeconomics theory with that of the classical, aiming to critically examine the contrasting viewpoints of classical and Keynesian economic theories. The core of the analysis hinges on the Keynesian framework introduced by John Maynard Keynes, particularly with its stance on the implications of changes in nominal wage on the broader economy. Historical instances witnessing substantial wage fluctuations serve as real-world examples to substantiate the theoretical discussions, intending to uncover the causal factors and subsequent economic responses to these wage changes. To further bolster the inquiry, the study employs macroeconomic mathematical modelling to furnish quantitative insights that elucidate Keynesian assumptions on the labour market and its implications. By concentrating on the macroeconomic repercussions of nominal wage changes, as opposed to microeconomic consequences, this paper sheds light on the broader implications of wage adjustments in an economy, underpinned mainly by Keynesian perspectives.
AN OVERVIEW OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-CANCER, ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC, NEUROPROTECTIVE AND MUSCLE RELAXANT EFFECTS OF NATURAL FLAVONOID, APIGENIN; A REVIEW
Authors: AZEEM M , KHARL HAA , NIAZI S , AMEER N , FAYYAZ F , HUDA NU , ZEHRA T , AFTAB M
Published: January 2024

Apigenin (4′, 5, 7,-trihydroxyflavone), a natural glycoside belonging to a class of cyclone, is found in many different forms in plants and vegetables such as grapefruits, parsley, onions, oranges, tea, chamomile, wheat, sprouts, oregano, artichokes and in some seasonings. It effectively treats various anti-inflammatory disorders because it is less toxic, non-mutagenic, and potent against skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore in combination with allopathic drugs, its activity was enhanced as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and anticancer agent. Little data was found that emphasized its role as an anti- hypoglycemic and sedative agent; however, it was found to promote hair growth by inhibiting the TGF-B1 pathway. Different characterization techniques were used to determine physicochemical properties, and various formulations of apigenin with other polymers have been done to enhance its biological role. The literature search used various scholarly search engines (Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link, etc.). A total of 355 research articles were reviewed, and it was observed that 34% of articles were about anti-inflammatory, 15% of articles were about neuroprotective, and 10% of studies were about anti-cancer use of apigenin. Thus, the current review focuses on its activity, characterization and limitations of apigenin role.
RED BLOOD CELL INDICES IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL PESHAWAR
Authors: KHAN A , GOHAR F , AHMAD J , HUMAYUN L , KHAN A , REHMAN AK
Published: January 2024

Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of health loss worldwide, regardless of a country's income, social status, or demographics. Many studies have reported a link between haematological parameters and cardiovascular diseases in patients. This study aimed to determine the red blood cell indices in patients with cardiovascular diseases at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar. The study was conducted for six months, from January 1, 2023, to June 30, 2023, at the Pathology Department of Afridi Medical Complex and Teaching Hospital. Blood samples were taken from patients in EDTA vacutainers, and their haematological parameters were determined in the laboratory. The patients' clinical examinations, history, name, gender, age, and previous laboratory investigations were recorded in a proforma designed for this research. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. The study enrolled 80 patients with cardiovascular diseases, including 44 (55%) male and 36 (45%) female patients. The mean age of the study participants was 47 years, with a standard deviation of ±12.3. The mean (±SD) haemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, red cell distribution width-SD, and red cell distribution width-CV were 13.99 (±1.86) (g/dl), 4.49 (±0.55) (million/cm3), 40.72 (±5.81), 28.99 (±2.22), 62.06 (±6.99), and 16.87 (±3.39), respectively. The study concludes that red blood cell indices such as red cell distribution width, haemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume play a significant role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Routine health examinations and proactive precautions may help lower cardiovascular disease incidence.
Factors Influence Shivering Phenomenon Post Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Alnaeli Ghada , Hwisa Sara , Elmaggoze Salaheddin , Ajaj Aboajela , Alkayakh Suhila
Published: January 2024

Background: Shivering is a prevalent complication encountered by patients following anesthesia. The incidence of shivering after anesthesia can be influenced by factors such as age and the temperature of the operating room. The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of shivering during surgical procedures among patients who experienced no shivering and those who did. Methodology: data from 60 patients who underwent spinal surgery under anesthesia. We divided them into two groups: 30 without shivering (Group A) and 30 treated with tramadol for shivering (Group B). Results: incidence of shivering among younger patients (<30 years of age). Furthermore, shivering was observed during blood transfusion, and high incidence with patient had undergone a cesarean section (36.7%), in those who received cold liquid during the operating (73.3%), and in those who had not undergone previous surgery (73.3%). Moreover, there were significant correlations between shivering and factors such as age, temperature range during and after the operation (°C), and the condition of the administered liquid during the procedure. Conclusion: the occurrence of post anesthesia shivering in relation to various demographic and procedural factors. The range of age and temperature during and after the operation showed a significant association with the incidence of shivering.
Procesos psicosociales en el vínculo afectivo de estudiantes universitarios de Ingeniería en Sistemas de la Información en la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Authors:   Investigadora independiente, Salas-Lewis Catalina , Ruiz-Chaves Warner
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Este estudio se enfocó en analizar los procesos psicosociales inherentes a las dinámicas de pareja de estudiantes matriculados en la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Información en la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica. Metodología: Se adoptó una metodología cualitativa de corte narrativo, y la investigación incluyó cinco parejas participantes. Para la recolección de datos, se emplearon entrevistas semiestructuradas y el método de historia de vida durante el año 2021, permitiendo una profundización significativa en las experiencias personales de las personas participantes. Resultados: El análisis de la información reveló que la comunicación entre las parejas se caracteriza por una orientación predominantemente positiva, evidenciando patrones de apego seguro y una marcada reciprocidad en la atracción interpersonal. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de promover investigaciones adicionales en el campo de la Orientación que profundicen en las relaciones de pareja, principalmente en contextos académicos especializados, para así fortalecer el cuerpo de conocimiento disponible que sustenta las dinámicas afectivas en entornos universitarios.
Editorial for Metaverse (Volume 4 Issue 2)
Authors: Shan Xiaoxi
Published: January 2024

People are getting more and more familiar with the concept of “Metaverse” as a result of the advanced technologies that are developing at a rapid pace. Though it incorporates many current technologies, such as 5G, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, blockchain, digital currency, the Internet of Things, and human-computer interaction, the Metaverse itself does not contain any new technology[1]. The Metaverse is the carrier of the next generation of social worlds, having developed a new environment in which people are virtually connected to their loved ones, pets, favorite things, and experiences[2]. Everyday lifeworld is being impacted by the Metaverse these days, and there are a lot of interesting and absorbing things to investigate and study. This issue offers readers an intriguing look into research on the Metaverse from a variety of perspectives, with the primary focus being on art production via Metaverse-related technologies. In addition, scholars try to take various technologies associated with the Metaverse into the consideration of objective reality of the digital age. It is envisaged that those subjects will stimulate readers’ curiosity and encourage their active Metaverse investigation.
Adoption and implementation of an inclusive business integration model in the packaging of the tourist villages in the west of Bali Indonesia
Authors: Agustini Karta Ni Luh Putu , Suarthana I Ketut Putra , Widiastini Ni Made Ary , Irwanti Ni Ketut Dewi
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the application of the inclusive business integration model developed in Cepaka Village for the development of tourism village packaging. The model is intended to guarantee that the growth of tourism villages is both economically advantageous and socially and environmentally sustainable. This study examines the implementation of the model in tourism villages located in the western region of Bali. It assesses the effects of this implementation on the empowerment of the local community, the preservation of cultural heritage, and the economic development of the villages. This study is significant due to Bali’s recognition as a global tourism hotspot, where tourism villages possess immense possibilities but frequently encounter obstacles such as scarce resources, insufficient infrastructure, and the necessity for efficient marketing tactics. This study employs qualitative methods to analyze the effects of incorporating inclusive business practices on the development of tourism villages. Specifically, it investigates the influence on income generation, the equitable distribution of economic advantages among the community, and the preservation of cultural and environmental aspects. A total of 27 key informants, consisting of the chairman, vice chairman, and a member of the village management, were selected from 7 tourism villages in West Bali. The Jembrana Regency Tourism Office organized focus group discussions following a series of comprehensive interviews conducted in stages. Additionally, a crucial source of information was a proficient digital marketing specialist who aided in the process of digitalizing the marketing strategies for tourist villages in West Bali. The study’s findings indicate that the proposed model successfully integrates village economic activities with cultural and environmental aspects, resulting in a distinctive and genuine tourism experience in seven tourist villages in West Bali. The findings of this study are anticipated to offer valuable perspectives for policymakers, tourism professionals, and rural communities on how to maximize the opportunities of tourism villages in a comprehensive and environmentally friendly way. The research emphasizes the significance of adopting digital technology in marketing and distributing village tourism products. It also identifies the opportunities and challenges of implementing inclusive business models in Bali’s tourism village setting.
Leadership Dynamics in Organizational Change: An In-Depth Exploration of Public and Private Sectors in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfozan Anas Abdullah
Published: January 2024

The study explores leadership dynamics in Saudia Arabia that have evolved organisational change focusing on public and private sectors. It examined strategies used by private firms focused on innovation and employee engagement and the bureaucratic challenges public firms face. The study has adopted qualitative analysis in which several interviews were conducted through thematic analysis. The study has also applied quantitative analysis, revealing varied perceptions of organizational change among 38 participants, with the private sector being more open, effective communication moderate, and leadership styles influencing success. The analysis has explored discussing the organizational change in Saudia Arabia. The findings explored a divergence in the organizational change strategies of private and public organizations in Saudia Arabia. Motivated by innovation and employee involvement, private enterprises differ from public organisations in terms of the bureaucratic challenges they face. Leadership has a crucial part in achieving great outcomes when leaders effectively engage in mediation, dispute resolution, and emotional management of their staff. Additionally, it was discovered that leaders played an active role in effectively managing time, fostering discipline, and highlighting employee dedication, all of which contributed to the successful implementation of organizational transformation initiatives.
Antibiotic Use for Patients with Inherited Metabolic Diseases in Outpatient Clinical Setting
Authors: Bilgin Huseyin , Akgun Abdurrahman
Published: January 2024

Objective: In this study, we aimed to assess the the frequency and accuracy of antibiotic use for upper respiratory tract infection for children younger than 6 years of age with inherited metabolic diseases and also to identify possible associated factors in the outpatient clinic.
Materials and Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized, single center study in which children with upper respiratory tract infections were enrolled. A 25-question questionnaire was prepared to ask the patients' families. These survey questions were included age, gender, weight, parental ages, education levels, type of antibiotics given, antibiotic dose and frequency.
Results: Of the 415 individuals, 380 patients and caregivers agreed to participate in the study. The most prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin/clavunate (31.57%), amoxicillin (21.31%) and clarithromycin (15.26%). We demonstrated that antibiotic dose was inappropriate in 42.89% of our patients. Of dosing errors, 37.4% involved dosing under the prescribed amount, while 62.6% involved dosing above the recommended amount.
Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should routinely emphasize the importance of using accurate dose when administering antibiotic suspensions especially in the case of inborn errors metabolism in order to avoid inappropriate treatment, adverse effects and antibiotic resistence.
Visual Performance in Myopic Adolescents Fitted with Pupil-Optimised Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses
Authors: Engin Ceren , Karaca Dilhan
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study aims to assess the influence of a newly developed pupil-optimized multifocal soft contact lens (MFSCL) in comparison to single-vision contact lenses (SVCL) on visual performance among adolescent myopes.
Materials and Methods: Myopic adolescents, aged 14 to 18 years, who were habitual SVCL users, were subjected to a trial involving MFSCL with a mid-addition power. Various visual parameters including distance and near visual acuity (VA), maximum reading speed (MRS), reading acuity, contrast sensitivity, and stereoacuity under photopic conditions were measured for MFSCL and compared to SVCL.
Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between SVCL and MFSCL in terms of near VA, MRS, contrast sensitivity, and stereoacuity (p > 0.05 for all). However, a decrease in distance VA was noted with MFSCL (p = 0.021). Moreover, reading acuity, which denotes the smallest print size comprehensible without significant errors, was found to be smaller when using MFSCL (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: In adolescent myopic patients, mid-add power in MFSCL did not significantly impact near VA and contrast sensitivity when compared to SVCL, while a decrease in distance VA was observed. Moreover, MFSCL did not affect reading speed but did enable the reading of smaller font sizes.
Investigating the Relationship of Seminal Oxidative Damage with Smoking and Occupations in Normozoospermic Infertile Men
Authors: Hekim Neslihan , Gunes Sezgin , Ulusoy Oguz , Ergun Sercan , Asci Ramazan
Published: January 2024

Objective: The study aimed to assess the level of seminal oxidative damage in normozoospermic infertile patients by evaluating 8-OHdG and also to analyze the relationship between oxidative damage in infertility and factors such as smoking, occupation and age.

Material and Methods: Seminal plasma samples were obtained from raw semen samples from 13 normozoospermic infertile men among the patients who applied to Ondokuz Mayis University Urology Clinics for fertility evaluation and 10 normozoospermic proven fertile volunteers. Oxidative damage in seminal plasma was assessed by measuring the amount of 8-OHdG by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were also evaluated in terms of the smoking status and occupation stated by the patients and controls.

Results: The fertile group had more seminal oxidative damage than the infertile group. (487.33±209.42 vs 283.12±102.73, P=0.013). Comparing the non-smoker men, the smoking group's total sperm count was decreased (84.94 ± 24.09 vs 115.80 ± 25.46, P=0.036). Age, semen characteristics, daily cigarette consumption, and partner age did not differ between the infertile and control groups. Additionally, no difference was found between the smoker and non-smoker groups, and also among the occupation groups in terms of oxidative damage (P>0.05). No correlation was found between age, oxidative damage, smoking and semen parameters (P>0.05).

Conclusion: The findings of this study could indicate that the level of seminal oxidative damage alone cannot be effective in infertile men. Also, as smoking or occupation, more factors should be considered for evaluating oxidative damage in infertile men.
Comparison of Methods and Verification of Some Performance Characteristics of Accu-Chek® Instant Glucose Meter
Authors: INAKU KENNETH , EKPE LAWSON , Ene Asuquo , Onuche ONUCHE , AKPAN ESSIENAWAN , INAKU LUCY
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Frequent and accurate blood glucose measurements and control can delay the onset of diabetic complications. This is facilitated by the use of point-of-care glucose meters (POCGM). There is a need to verify some claims made by manufacturers of POCGM with regard to accuracy, precision and linearity. We compared blood glucose results obtained from Accu-Check Instant blood glucose meters with laboratory results as reference in order to verify some of these claims.
Method: This prospective analytical study involved the verification of some characteristics of Accu-Chek Instant POCGM using different concentrations of glucose calibrators prepared in-house. Blood was obtained from volunteers who had no need for an overnight fast. It was tested using Accu-Chek Instant POCGM and routine laboratory glucose oxidase method as reference and compared using the Bland-Altman plot. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05
Results: There were188 blood samples tested using the two methods. The difference between the means of glucose values from the two methods was 10.3 mg/dL (12.8%) with Accu-Chek POCGM returning higher results than the routine laboratory method. The difference was not statistically significant using the Bland-Altman plot (p=0.60). The analytical range of the POCGM was determined to be between 20mg/dl to 300 mg/dL. Results indicating ‘Hi’ on the POCGM were below 600 mg/dL contrary to what was claimed by the manufacturer.
Conclusions and Implications: There was some level of agreement between the two methods studied. Results obtained at high glycaemic states may be more precise but are lower than central laboratory values.
(Not) Representing Cycling : Exploring the subjugation and multiplicity of cycling
Authors: Valentini Daniel
Published: January 2024

Cycling is often represented as a symbol of sustainable mobility change. This thesis builds on the argument that even in acclaimed cycling cities possibilities for cycling to become part of transformative change are stifled. The research this thesis grounds in sees dominant discourses in research and planning to reproduce conceptions of cycling to ‘fix’ mobility, without troubling the fundamental unsustainability of current patterns of production and consumption inherent in automobility. This is shown through practices of representation and how they tend to perpetuate narrow constructions of cycling as a rational, efficient, urban mode of transport for the responsible utility cyclist. While these constructions problematise motoring and indeed might make cities more livable and ‘greener’, they subjugate imaginaries of what else cycling could be and for whom. Vélomobility imaginaries, non-representational theories and de-growth scholarship are employed to analyse how representations are constructed and with what effects on envisioning mobility systems. This is shown by analysing how cycling is ‘represented’ in three contexts: sustainable transitions research, municipal planning in Uppsala, Sweden, and a local bike repair initiative. The thesis argues that representations are essential to how cycling is governed and should therefore be taken seriously. Recognising representational implications is a pre-step to recovering, reclaiming and nurturing alternatives. Pluralities of cycling are important to overcome narrow cycling conceptions and change the meaning of cycling in society. This thesis suggests that cycling representations can be understood as multiple when thought of in dimensions that recast representations as both discursive construc-tions and embodied practice performances. Cycling then becomes an arrangement of multiple cycling practices, a diversity of people and bodies, material elements to support cycling and different cycling technologies and spaces for cycling. Applied to the three cases, the thesis shows how cycling might be conceived of through these dimensions and how they reflect in vélomobility characteristics engendering commoning, care, autonomy conviviality, or to maintain mobility status quos. The thesis thereby adds to critical mobilities scholarship and vélomoblities in particular.