bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Khilafah: The Role of Nonpolitical Social Factors in Good Governance
Authors: Hussain Solihu Abdul Kabir
Published: January 2022

Khilafah has been a symbol of the Muslim political system and Islamic politics has often been identified as Khilafah in the same structure it took form in the past. This study argues that Muslims exhausted their energy on political discourse at the expense of other factors which are important for preparing the ground for political maturity. An attempt is made to exhibit normativeness of the Islamic political principles and values and the historicity of the form (Caliphate) it has acquired over the course of Islamic history. Furthermore, greater emphasis is placed on the broader, civilisational sense of Khilafah under which the political sense of Khilafah (Caliphate) is subsumed. In doing so, the study aims to contribute to the discourse on the revitalisation of the contemporary Muslim political culture but through non-political means.
Halal Vaccine and the Ethical Dimension of Vaccination Programmes
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad Badri
Published: January 2022

By 2017, Malaysia plans to be the main global producer of halal vaccines as announced by its Minister of International Trade and Industry, Mustapa Mohamed, at the World Halal Forum 2014 in Kuala Lumpur. A Saudi corporation, he added, has already invested USD 100 million in the Halal Industry Development Corporation (HDC) to produce halal vaccines for meningitis, hepatitis, and meningococcal.

Despite such development, only less than a year ago, the Health Exco of Penang state government in a press statement denounced parental refusal to vaccinate their children primarily due to religious reasons. He pointed out that the government’s immunisation requirement has met with scepticism from parents, especially middle class parents. The Exco’s concern is valid and legitimate given the risk associated with the lack of vaccination, such as a fatal case involving an unvaccinated four-year-old child due to diphtheria, as the child’s parents were doubtful of the safety, efficacy, as well as the halal status of vaccines. These instances beg a question as to how the new halal vaccines industry in Malaysia would address the ethical predicaments in vaccination.
Boko Haram Disgrace: Urgency for Renewal and Reform in northern Nigeria Supported by the Muslim Leadership
Authors: Batchelor Daud Abdul-Fattah
Published: January 2022

The infamous Boko Haram sect erupted on the world stage in 2009 with their aim to establish an Islamic State. Since its subsequent radicalisation resulting from heavy-handed treatment - including torture and murder - at the hands of state security forces, it now targets the army, police, and those associated with propagating western education. It has even degenerated into attacking the weakest participants, innocent civilians, especially school children. The most infamous act of Boko Haram was the abduction of nearly 300 female students in April 2014 from a government-run high school in the Christian town of Chibok. Over 70 percent of the girls were Christian, and reportedly a number were forcibly ‘converted’ to Islam. In February, 58 students mainly teenage boys, were burnt to death, shot or had their throats slit in a school attack. The mayhem continues as security forces seem incapable of containing the violence. 2050 people were killed in the first half of 2014 alone. The Paris Summit held in May led to a renewed military push from neighbouring countries with support from the United States, to contain Boko Haram. The Nigerian ‘ulama have condemned Boko Haram’s violence and language of arms as a fitna and cited it as “corruption on the earth” - one of the most serious crimes in Islam.
Ways to improve the diagnostics and detection of
cervical cancer development and recurrence risk
Authors: Tazhibayeva K. , Sadykova A. , Tasboltaeva D. , Ormanov A. , Kaldygozova G.
Published: January 2022

th and the third most common female cancer worldwide.
The purpose of the study was to determine risk factors and time
to progression and recurrence in patients with cervical cancer after
complex treatment (neoadjuvant chemotherapy + radical hysterectomy + combined radiation therapy).
Methods: This retrospective study involved female patients with
stage IB-IIA cervical cancer registered at Shymkent city oncological
dispensary in 2011- 2021 (n=883). All patients underwent (n=883)
radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection. The patients
were selected who underwent radiation therapy of the lower pelvis
at a dose of ≥40 g. The age-, stage-, and tumor morphological structure-dependent survival factors and recurrence risk were analyzed
during the research decade.
Results: Direct correlation of the disease stage and the recurrence
period was established. The progression was most often 5 to 6 months
after treatment. 68.7% of progression and 63.1% of recurrences occurred in the first year and a half after the end of treatment, so this period is considered the most “dangerous” regarding the recurrence risk.
5.3% of patients had a recurrence 19 to 24 months after treatment,
31.5% – after more than two years.
Conclusions: In this research, cervical cancer progressed in 74
(10.6%) out of 883 women and recurred in 19 (3.0%). The recurrence
was most frequent in women aged 45-50 years (28.4%) and 50-60
years (26.3%).
The Hypothesis of the Arsacids’ Descent from the Achaemenids: Myth or Reality?
Authors: MELIKYAN ARTHUR
Published: January 2022

In the 40s of the last century, J. Wolski proposed a thesis, still dominant in historiography, arguing that the story of Arrian which reached us thanks to his work “Parthica” that the Arsacid dynasty, the founder of Parthian state, descended from the Achaemenids, has a fictional origin. According to J. Wolski, J. Neusner and their followers, it is an "ideological fiction", a "literary forgery", which appeared in the period between the second half of II century BC and the beginning of the I century AD and was recorded in written form by Arrian. However, the conclusion, based on the limited and often one-sided data by Strabo and Justin, is defective and does not meet the current requirements of the study of the problem. Оnly a comprehensive examination of the evidence provided by written sources in the field of the Parthian numismatics, epigraphy, archaeology, onomastics and other branches of science can give a complete answer to the issue. In this case, it becomes obvious that the "Arrianian" legend about the genealogical connection between the Arsacids and the Achaemenids is not just a literary fiction, but has a real historical basis.
CHINESE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL
Authors: HARUTYUNYAN AGHAVNI
Published: January 2022

China's relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have expanded significantly in recent years, especially in the areas of geopolitics, economics, trade, finance, banking, infrastructure, energy and security. China is deepening its economic cooperation with the GCC monarchies through the China-Arab Cooperation Forum (CASCF) and the China-GCC Framework Agreement. A mechanism that can strengthen trade relations is the FTA between China and the GCC.
The Chinese New Silk Road Initiative (NSRI) was accepted by all GCC countries that became members or perspective members of the Chinese-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). The NSRI project called "Industrial Park - Connecting ports, Two-Wheel and Two-Wing Approach" would provide the basis for consolidating China-built industrial parks in key cities of the GCC with regional ports to create business clusters, increase trade flows, and connect supply chains across the region.
The future of relations between China and the GCC oil-producing countries will be based on strong, less fluid building blocks, which has facilitated alignment of the NSRI with the national development concepts of the GCC countries. All, are designed to diversify their economies from a single-resource rentier model to a post-oil model, with the necessary transition to manage their dependence on foreign labor, public sector employment and heavily subsidized utilities.
Ճապոնիայի տնտեսական քաղաքականությունը Հայաստանում (1992-2021 թթ.)
Authors: HARUTYUNYAN Yeva
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this article is to show the economic policy of Japan towards Armenia after the establishment of Armenian-Japanese diplomatic relations. The article presents three phases of Japan's economic policy, taking into account the type of assistance provided by Japan to Armenia, which is correlated with Armenia's economic and GDP’s growth.
The first phase covers 1992-99, during which bilateral economic relations were limited to grant assistance provided by Japan to Armenia, with the aim of supporting the economic recovery of the newly independent state and ensuring sustainable economic growth.
The second phase (2000-04) marked the beginning of economic cooperation between the two countries. Due to its stable economic growth, Armenia received loans from Japan for developing economic infrastructures.
During the third phase (2005- up to date) Japan has expanded its cooperation with the Republic of Armenia and begun to provide technical equipment for the development of targeted sectors. At this stage, Japan clearly defined the direction of its assistance and the sectors necessary for the stimulation of the Armenian economy, in particular, the energy sector, small and medium-sized businesses, as well as the development of villages. Japan also greatly supports Armenia by providing Japanese technologies for risk prevention in natural disaster zones and organizing training courses and discussion- meetings for Armenian specialists aimed to promote capacity building on the implementation of disaster risk reduction and emergency situations.
Since 2018, Japan has begun to consider Armenia as a full-fledged economic entity, and review the possibility to build mutually beneficial economic relations. The main witnesses are the signed agreement on investment liberalization in 2018, the visit of Japanese Foreign Minister Taro Kono to Armenia for developing bilateral relations in the fields of banking, innovation, food security, information technology, artificial intelligence, cultural exchange, scientific and educational projects, as well as active contacts of Armenian President with Japanese organizations.
THE INTRODUCTION OF NET-PLATFORM-CENTRIC WARFARE IN THE CHINESE ARMY (PLA)
Authors: Hovhannisyan Artsrun
Published: January 2022

It is no surprise that just like the previous years, this year as well China has expanded its military budget, put another ship to sea, demonstrated new weaponary at the military parade, etc. For the last two decades, all the combat arms of the Chinese army has been developing at a high rate. Many authors claim very specific reasons for the Chinese armaments especially highlighting the conflicts with its immediate neighbors.
From a geopolitical point of view, an interesting balance of power is being formed in the East. It’s been several years now that there are some precise problems in China-Japan conflict related to the power over some islands. China actively builds artificial islands which can serve as military bases far away from its shores approximately at an operative depth. And this matter deeply concerns the Philippines and Vietnam.
In this light, it would be very interesting to study the balance of forces in the region and to analyze the American military doctrine on the one hand and the Chinese specific military and military-political attempts to appose it on the other hand. It is common knowledge that in political and professional circles in the USA are concerned about the actions and capabilities of China and Russia, which can considerably restrict the US access to key regions of Eurasia: Today, China and Russia have great potential to influence on the traditional American Net-platform weaponary, Air Forces, Navy, command and control networks, and even the orbital groupings.
The two countries mentioned above, which are perceived as potential adversaries in the USA, strive to reach the level of the American military by all possible means and develop powerful techonologies. Russia and especially China are designing powerful satellite systems, various long-range missiles, fighter jets, UAVs, etc. New Electronic Warfare (EW) systems are being developed, to suppress or weaken the command and management systems of the US or its allies. The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) of China also has the capacity to destroy settelites, disrupt extraterrestrial intelligence, wreck command and control networks, etc. According to experts, there is no guarantee that the armed forces of the USA can ensure reliable and secure communication and conncetion during conflicts on the theater of military operations, in particular on operational and strategic levels.
THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE IRANIAN CHARSHANBE SURI FESTIVAL IN THE YEZIDI TRADITION
Authors: Amryan Tereza
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to clarify the transformation of the Iranian Charshanbe Suri festival in the Yezidi religious system. Charshanbe Suri is celebrated on the eve of the last Wednesday before the Iranian New year - Nōwrūz. It is considered to be the point of transition between the old and new years and is associated with cleansing and purifying.
Yezidis celebrate Charshama Sor on the first Wednesday after April 13 (according to the Gregorian Calendar). Unlike Charshanbe Suri, Charshama Sor is not considered a transition between the old and new years. Charshama Sor symbolizes the awakening of nature, the arrival of Spring, the New Year, as well as cosmogony, the creation and renewal of the world, and the “birth” of one of the Yezidi saints, Tausi Malak.
There is no doubt that the Yezidi Charshama Sor is a version of the Iranian Charshanbe Suri. This study of Charshama Sor reveals that the Yezidi tradition has preserved Charshanbe Suri and its main symbols but has also endowed it with new, Yezidi interpretations.
Análisis del conocimiento y acceso al Programa Reactiva Perú, en los comerciantes en la ciudad de Tocache
Authors: Bocanegra Rengifo Yanelith Magdiel , Castillo Bustamante Giovany Sarely , Tocas Leonardo Juanita Marilyn , Calle Tarrillo Cristian
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo el objetivo: analizar el conocimiento y acceso al programa Reactiva Perú, en los comerciantes de la ciudad de Tocache; entre sus resultados, se encuentra que el 20.0% de los comerciantes presenta un nivel insuficiente; el 75.0%, un nivel medio y el 5.0% un nivel suficiente, sobre el conocimiento y acceso a dicho programa; de los cuales, el 33.8% accedió a un crédito; el 3.8% a dos créditos de financiamiento de Reactiva Perú. Por otro lado, el 1.3% solicitó y está en trámite; 25.0% solicitó, pero no accedió; el 36.3% no solicitó financiamiento de Reactiva Perú; por tal motivo, su economía ha sido afectada. Concluyendo que el conocimiento sobre el financiamiento del Estado, para la liquidez a las empresas, es muy importante, puesto que contribuirá en el crecimiento económico.
Conversion of Industrial Food Wastes Cranberry Pomace into Foods Blending with Rice Flour Using Single-screw Extrusion Process
Authors: Mitra Pranabendu , Khanvilkar Sagar , Samudrala Sai Kumar , Shroff Kaushal Sunil
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this study was to convert the cranberry pomace into value-added extruded cereals/snacks blending with rice flour using a single screw extruder based on the physicochemical properties of extrudates because utilization of the byproduct cranberry pomace would be necessary for the growth of cranberry juice processing industries and the extruded snacks/cereals with higher fiber and antioxidant and less carbohydrate would be required to fulfill the consumers’ demand. The six different formulations by blending 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% cranberry pomace with 100, 95, 90, 85, 80 and 75% of rice flour, respectively, were extruded using a single screw extruder. The temperature (150℃), screw speed (270 rpm), feed rate (20 Kg/hr) and feed moisture content (35%) were constant during extrusion. The physicochemical properties of the extrudates were characterized to determine the desirable formulations. The results indicated that radial expansion ratio (1.11-1.67), the solid density (0.71-0.76 g/mL), piece density (0.20-0.63 g/mL), porosity (14.49-72.38%), hardness (23-157.73 N), crispness (4.17-13.5), moisture content (3.22-4.39%), water activity (0.14-0.36) and the water solubility (7.07-30.80%) of rice flour and cranberry pomace blend extrudates were varied depending on the combinations of the rice flour and cranberry pomace. The results revealed that up to 20% cranberry pomace could be added with 75-80% rice flour to develop high fiber and antioxidant with less carbohydrate cereal/snack products. The utilization of cranberry pomace combining with rice flour through extrusion process can provide a unique opportunity to generate healthier snacks and cereals that have higher fiber and antioxidant and low carbohydrate.
О становлении археозоологии в Казахстане (к 95-летию со дня рождения Л.А. Макаровой)
Authors: Шагирбаев Мамбет Сапарбекович
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматривается вклад Лидии Александровны Макаровой в развитие археозоологии Казахстана. Дается краткое описание сведений, касающихся жизни и деятельности исследователя. Л.А. Макарова первая в отечественной археологии занималась изучением костных остатков животных, разрабатывала вопросы о роли животноводства и охоты в древности и средневековье. В данной статье приводится обзор публикаций, посвященных археозоологическим исследованиям специалиста. Работы рассмотрены в хронологическом порядке; проведен сравнительный анализ ряда ее выводов. Археозоологические источники (количество костей, сохранность и т. д.) в работах Л.А. Макаровой сопоставлены с данными, хранящимися в архиве Института археологии им. А.Х. Маргулана. Составлена карта памятников, остеологические материалы которых изучались Л.А. Макаровой. Как территориально, так и хронологически охват исследований масштабен. В числе рассматриваемых памятников – стоянки Караунгир, Виноградовка XIV, датируемые мезолито-неолитическим периодом; стоянки Шалкия 1 и Тельмана – неолит-энеолита; многочисленные поселения и могильники эпохи бронзы – раннего железного века, а также средневековые городища (Отрар, Культобе, Талгар). Научные выводы, сделанные Л.А. Макаровой, анализируются и сопоставляются с последующими исследованиями.
A AUTOEFICÁCIA MATERNA E A DURAÇÃO DO ALEITAMENTO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Lodi Jucilene Casati , Milagres Clarice Santana , Rocha Maria Cristina Pauli da , Gomez Melisa Sofia , Cortellazzi Karine Laura , Possobon Rosana de Fátima
Published: January 2022

O objetivo foi identificar a influência da autoeficácia na amamentação com a manutenção do aleitamento materno exclusivo. Métodos: Foi uma revisão sistemática, sendo selecionados 10 estudos que utilizaram dois tipos de instrumentos de autoeficácia na amamentação (durante a gestação e no puerpério imediato). Houve predomínio da utilização do instrumento Short Form, sendo que, mulheres confiantes, que apresentaram alta autoeficácia amamentaram por mais tempo, quando comparadas com mulheres que apresentaram baixa autoeficácia. Conclui-se que elevado índice de autoeficácia na amamentação, principalmente no pós-parto, favorece a manutenção do aleitamento materno por um período mais prolongado.
A AUTOEFICÁCIA DA GESTANTE E O TIPO DE ALEITAMENTO NA ALTA HOSPITALAR
Authors: Lodi Jucilene Casati , Milagres Clarice Santana , Rocha Maria Cristina Pauli da , Gomez Melisa Sofia , Cortellazzi Karine Laura , Possobon Rosana de Fátima
Published: January 2022

Introdução: Os benefícios do aleitamento materno para a criança são amplamente conhecidos e divulgados, entretanto, a adesão está abaixo do que é recomendado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. Uma das causas para essa baixa adesão é a falta de confiança materna diante da sua capacidade em amamentar, que pode ser estudada dentro do constructo da autoeficácia. Este estudo investigou a associação entre autoeficácia da gestante e a sua associação com a prática do aleitamento materno exclusivo no momento da alta hospitalar. Objetivos: Investigar a influência da autoeficácia materna durante a gestação e os fatores associados que podem contribuir para a adesão ao aleitamento exclusivo na alta hospitalar. Materiais e métodos: Participaram deste estudo 210 gestantes assistidas de 15 Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF) no município de Piracicaba, SP. As mães foram abordadas em dois momentos: no último trimestre da gestação, quando responderam questões socioeconômicas e demográficas e os Instrumentos de Autoeficácia Geral Percebida e Autoeficácia na Amamentação (BSES); e na primeira semana de vida do bebê, para verificação da prática do aleitamento no momento da alta hospitalar. Resultados: Renda mensal familiar superior a cinco salários-mínimos vigentes na época da coleta dos dados, nascimento a termo, ausência de complicações maternas, ter vontade de amamentar e alto nível de autoeficácia geral percebida estiveram associadas com a prática do aleitamento materno exclusivo no momento da alta hospitalar. Conclusão: O nível de Autoeficácia Geral Percebida mostrou ser uma variável preditora da prática de aleitamento materno exclusivo no momento da alta hospitalar, sendo que o instrumento é de fácil aplicação o que estimula o seu uso para identificação de mães com maior risco de desmamar precocemente.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO EXCLUSIVO AOS 6 MESES DE VIDA DA CRIANÇA
Authors: Raven Fernanda Gabriele da Costa , Reducino Lucas Miotto , Zambelli Janaína da Câmara , Cortellazzi Karine Laura , Possobon Rosana de Fátima
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre aleitamento materno exclusivo nos seis primeiros meses de vida da criança com as condições socioeconômicas da gestante e as variáveis do pré e pósparto. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo analítico de corte transversal com 305 crianças e suas respectivas mães, inscritas no Programa de Atenção Precoce à Saúde oferecido pelo Centro de Pesquisa e Atendimento Odontológico para Pacientes Especiais (Cepae-FOP-Unicamp), no município de Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Resultados: A prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo ao 6º mês foi de 23,9% e de desmame, 8,9%. Não foram detectadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e relacionadas ao pré e pós-parto. Houve associação significativa entre abandono do aleitamento materno exclusivo e uso de chupeta (p= 0,0085; OR= 0,45; IC 95%: 0,25-0,80). Conclusão: Para esta amostra, o uso da chupeta foi fator de risco para a manutenção do aleitamento materno exclusivo.
O APOIO DO PAI E AS PRÁTICAS DE ALEITAMENTO MATERNO EXCLUSIVO: UM ESTUDO LONGITUDINAL
Authors: Rocha Maria Cristina Pauli da , Lodi Jucilene Casatti , Cortellazzi Karine Laura , Marba Sérgio Tadeu Martins , Possobon Rosana de Fátima
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Verificar se a percepção da mãe sobre o apoio oferecido pelo pai/companheiro influenciou na manutenção do aleitamento materno exclusivo até o sexto mês de vida da criança. Método: Estudo longitudinal com 310 mulheres, realizado durante a gestação, com 30 e 180 dias de vida da criança. Foi realizada análise de associação entre aleitamento materno exclusivo (aos 30 e 180 dias) e variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e gestacionais e de apoio paterno, além de regressão logística simples, múltipla, curvas de sobrevida. Resultados: Aos 30 dias, tiveram mais chance de estar em aleitamento materno exclusivo meninas que moravam em residência não própria, filhas de mães experientes em amamentar, de pais que sempre/quase sempre sentiam o movimento do bebê no ventre materno. Aos 180 dias, tiveram mais chance de estar em aleitamento materno exclusivo crianças nascidas em famílias de maior renda, fruto de gravidez planejada, com mães experientes em amamentar, que não ofereceram chupeta, não retornaram ao trabalho e que tiveram uma menor percepção de apoio oferecido pelo companheiro. Conclusão: As percepções de apoio mostraram associação com manutenção do aleitamento materno exclusivo somente aos 180 dias, sendo a porcentagem de aleitamento materno exclusivo maior entre mães com menor percepção de apoio do pai/companheiro.
Association Between Depression and Dissatisfaction with Complete Dentures
Authors: Masood Amna , Akram Khawaja Muhammad Shakeel , Abdullah Nafeesa , Fahim Noor Tarim
Published: January 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the role of depression in complete denture dissatisfaction and to determine frequencies of depression among the satisfied and dissatisfied patients. Study design: A cross sectional survey was carried out at Department of Prosthodontics, De’Montmorency College of Dentistry. Punjab Dental Hospital. The sample size was 80 edentulous patients having adequate maxillary and mandibular ridges. Methodology: The patients selected would be wearing complete dentures for the first time. All dentures were carefully designed. A socio-demographic form and depression rating questionnaire was filled by every participant involved in the study. After six months, satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the provided complete denture set was assessed through a separate questionnaire. The patients’ opinion concerning satisfaction with their dentures and depression was recorded and statistical analysis done. The results showed that 36.25% depressed versus 63.75% non-depressed. 28.75% were dissatisfied versus 71.25% satisfied. Conclusion: It was concluded that depression played a significant role in decreasing the satisfaction rating in first time denture wearers. Keywords: Depression, dissatisfaction, complete dentures,
Generating Generalized Cylinder with Geodesic Base Curve According to Darboux Frame
Authors: ALTHİBANY Nabil
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to design a generalized cylinder with a geodesic base curve according to the Darboux frame in Euclidean 3-space. A generalized cylinder is a special ruled surface that is constructed by a continuous fixed motion of a generator line called the ruling along a given curve called the base curve. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the base curve to be geodesic are studied. The main results show that the generalized cylinder with a geodesic base curve is an osculating cylinder whose base curve is a helical geodesic, and the rulings are directed by the unit osculating Darboux vector.
On semantic and semiotic multilingualism in earlier and latest works of Sabira Ståhlberg and Tzveta Sofronieva
Authors: Domokos Johanna
Published: January 2022

The present study describes the poetics of two contemporary multilingual writers, one born in Finland (Sabira Ståhlberg) and one in Bulgaria (Tzveta Sofronieva). Besides being prolific writers in literary genres such as poetry, prose, drama, both also translate and edit world literature. Early in their career each of them achieved a PhD. Sofronieva and Ståhlberg carry out academic activities through their research studies. After visiting a multitude of places, they have become not only literary figures of both their birth countries’ literature and the literatures of several other countries, but real literary citizens of the ‘new’ world literature (McDougall, 2014). Their philosophical and ecological aestheticism voices the most urgent problems of humanity by incorporating the latest insights of brain studies, quantum physics, psychology, migration and cultural studies. Their oeuvre addresses any reader irrespective of language(s), background(s), and location(s).
After looking into the monolingually multilingual (using hidden code-switching) as well as multigraphic and multilingual (using overt code switching) artistic production of Sofronieva and Ståhlberg, this study compares two poems, one by each of them, sharing the common metaphor of the sea horse. The aim of this comparative study is to point out how their highly topical poetries activate the multilinguality of any reader, as well as how the linguistic, alphabetic code-switching and shifts of interpretation paradigms loosen formal and conceptual borders. By their act, the reader is empowered to take part in not only piecing together but creating a better ‘new’ world.
Changes in the Vilnius, Kaunas and Grodno provinces peasants’ approach to consumption in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries
Authors: Ambrulevičiūtė Aelita
Published: January 2022

This research starts from the premises that peasants as part of the emerging the Vilnius, Kaunas and Grodno provinces consumer group were most rigid, conservative, maintaining traditional, archaic lifestyles. Therefore, peasants, as the ‘bottom’ of absorbing the latest consumer trends, best reflected the change in the consumption patterns of a modernizing society. The theme under the investigation covers the period of 1861—1914. The study attempts to examine the economic modernization of Vilnius, Kaunas and Grodno provinces society and rudiments of the consumer society in the second half of the 19th—early 20th centuries by taking into account the peasants’ habits.
Oбразованието като индивидуален проект
Authors:   Sofia University, Varbanova Silvia
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the peculiarities of the attitudes and expectations of students and parents about the impact of various extracurricular activities on individual educational development in the period of schooling. The influence of nonformal education on the development of students in formal education is analyzed through their view. The study was conducted through a semi-structured interview. 34 students, 32 parents and 15 teachers were interviewed. The successful influences and the existing barriers and limitations that prevent the realization of the positive effects of the connection of formal and non-formal education in the achievement of education as an individualized project are discussed
Изследване на взаимодействието между формалното и неформалното здравно образование
Authors: Boyanova Verjinia , Yordanova Berdzhuhi , Teodosiev Konstantin
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of a survey of personal opinions towards the interaction between formal and informal approaches and practices for complex health (incl. environmental and physical) education. Aiming to cover a wider range of individual exchanges and experiences, two parallel respondent groups were addressed: students in pedagogical and social professional fields (pedagogy, nonformal education, social activities), on the one hand, and pedagogical and sociopedagogical specialists employed inside and outside the formal education system, on the other. The analysis of the survey data proves the significant place and role of convergence of formal and non-formal education for successful and sustainable personal development and realization for the two groups of persons surveyed, but also outlined some specific dividing lines in their experiments and positions.
A Novel Image Processing Methodology for X-ray Image Compression and Enhancement
Authors: Munna Calvin Omind
Published: January 2022

Currently, there a growing demand of data produced and stored in clinical domains. Therefore, for effective dealings of massive sets of data, a fusion methodology needs to be analyzed by considering the algorithmic complexities. For effective minimization of the severance of image content, hence minimizing the capacity to store and communicate data in optimal forms, image processing methodology has to be involved. In that case, in this research, two compression methodologies: lossy compression and lossless compression were utilized for the purpose of compressing images, which maintains the quality of images. Also, a number of sophisticated approaches to enhance the quality of the fused images have been applied. The methodologies have been assessed and various fusion findings have been presented. Lastly, performance parameters were obtained and evaluated with respect to sophisticated approaches. Structure Similarity Index Metric (SSIM), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) are the metrics, which were utilized for the sample clinical pictures. Critical analysis of the measurement parameters shows higher efficiency compared to numerous image processing methods. This research draws understanding to these approaches and enables scientists to choose effective methodologies of a particular application.
Medical Identification and Sensing Technology for Assisting and E-Health Monitoring Systems for Disabled and Elderly Persons
Authors: Wambui Nagumi
Published: January 2022

This research gives an overview of numerous kinds of identification and sensor technology that have been shown to improve the standard of living of older persons in hospital and home settings. Recent advancements in semiconductors and microsystems have enabled the creation of low-cost medical equipment, which are used by various persons as prevention and E-Health Monitoring (EHM) tools. Remote health management, which relies on wearable and non-invasive sensing devices, controllers, and current information and communication technology, provides cost-effective solutions that enable individuals to remain in their familiar homes while being safeguarded. Additionally, when preventative actions are implemented at home, costly medical centers are becoming available for use by intensive care patients. Patients' vital physiological indicators may be monitored in real time by remote devices, which can also watch, analyze, and, most importantly, offer feedback on their health problems. To translate different types of vital indicators into electrical impulses, sensors are employed in computerized healthcare and non-medical devices. Life-sustaining implants, preventative interventions, and long-term E-Health Monitoring (EHM) of handicapped or unwell patients may all benefit from sensors. Whether the individual is in a clinic, hospital, or at home, medical businesses, such as health insurers, want real-time, dependable, and precise diagnostic findings from sensing devices that can be examined virtually.
The Scope, Methods and Applications of Biomedical Data Mining
Authors: Steyn Trudie , Martins Nico
Published: January 2022

Most literature assumptions have been drawn from public databases e.g. NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). Nonetheless, the sets of data are typically featured by high-dimensional timeliness, heterogeneity, characteristics and irregularity, hence amounting to valuation of these databases not being applied completely. Data Mining (DM) technologies have been the frontiers domains in biomedical studies, as it shows smart routine in assessing patients’ risks and aiding in the process of biomedical research and decision-making in developing disease-forecasting frameworks. In that case, DM has novel merits in biomedical Big Data (BD) studies, mostly in large-scale biomedical datasets. In this paper, a description of DM techniques alongside their fundamental practical applications will be provided. The objectives of this study are to help biomedical researchers to attain intuitive and clear appreciative of the applications of data-mining technologies on biomedical BD to enhance to creation of biomedical results, which are relevant in a biomedical setting.
Critical Analysis of Parallel and Distributed Computing and Future Research Direction of Cloud Computing
Authors: Padovano Rimma
Published: January 2022

"Cloud computing" refers to large-scale parallel and distributed systems, which are essentially collections of autonomous. As a result, the “cloud organization” is made up on a wide range of ideas and experiences collected since the first digital computer was used to solve algorithmically complicated problems. Due to the complexity of established parallel and distributed computing ontologies, it is necessary for developers to have a high level of expertise to get the most out of the consolidated computer resources. The directions for future research for parallel and distributed computing are critically presented in this research: technology and application and cross-cutting concerns.
EFFECTS OF GLYPHOSATE ON GERMINATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN Prosopis alba G.: A BIOCHEMICAL APPROACH
Authors: Meloni Diego Ariel , Nieva María José , Martínez Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2022

In recent decades, the phytogeographic region of the Western Chaco has been subjected to heavy deforestation. The native forest was gradually replaced by agricultural crops using high doses of herbicides. Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide, and its impact on the surrounding native flora is unknown. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of glyphosate on the germination of Prosopis alba seeds and the photosynthesis of seedlings.  Seeds were placed between paper towels, moistened with solutions of 0, 10, 20, 20, 30 and 40 mg a.i. glyphosate l-1, in a growth chamber at 25 oC and a 12 h photoperiod. The percentage of germinated seeds and the mean germination time were calculated. The respiratory rate was measured in these seeds, and the activity of complexes I and III of the respiratory chain was quantified. The shikimate concentration and antioxidant response of the seeds were also quantified. Chlorophyll a fluorescence emission variables were measured in the cotyledons. It was concluded that glyphosate inhibits germination in P. alba seeds and decreases the speed of the process.  This effect can partly be explained by inhibition of respiration, mainly at the level of complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. It is also due to oxidative stress produced by the herbicide, since the antioxidant response of the seeds fails to compensate for the high production of reactive oxygen species. Glyphosate inhibits the photochemical stage of photosynthesis on P. alba cotyledons.
VOLUMETRIC MODELING OF Pinus taeda L. FROM ORBITAL IMAGES
Authors: Pertille Carla Talita , Nicoletti Marcos Felipe
Published: January 2022

This work aimed to investigate the potential of image-derived indices derived from Sentinel-2/MSI images in the volumetric modeling of a stand of Pinus taeda L. located in Bom Retiro, State of Santa Catarina. For this purpose, field data derived from a forest inventory were used, by the fixed area method and simple random sampling with an allocation of 18 circular plots of 400 m². The remotely located data comprised an orbital image from the Sentinel-2/MSI sensor. From this image, 14 average vegetation indices per plot were calculated. These indices were correlated with the volume by plot (m³ 0.04 ha-1) derived from the inventory. The indices with the best correlation for volume by plot (m³ 0.04 ha-1) were the Generalized Difference Vegetation Index (GDVI) and Adjusted Soil Vegetation Index (SAVI) with 0.39 and 0.36, respectively. The best regression model completed using these VIs estimated the volume by plot with R² controls of 0.9402 and Syx of 1.44%. The use of spectral indices generated from Sentinel-2/MSI sensor data enabled the volumetric estimate of the Pinus taeda L. stand, not revealing differences between the volume accumulated by forest inventory and by orbital images. However, it is worth pointing out that new tests be carried out on other forest species and with medium to high spatial resolution sensors.
Hubungan antara penilaian pembelajaran dengan tingkah laku pegawai agama dalam usaha dakwah kepada ODHA di Malaysia
Authors: Kadir @ Shahar Hazlin , Muhamat @ Kawangit Razaleigh , Mohamad Rasit Rosmawati , Mohd Nasir Badlihisham
Published: January 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan melihat hubungan antara penilaian pembelajaran dengan penilaian tingkah laku dalam kalangan Pegawai Agama di Malaysia setelah mengikuti Program Latihan Manual Islam dan HIV/AIDS anjuran Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). Program latihan ini dilaksanakan untuk menyampaikan maklumat yang tepat serta informasi terkini isu HIV/AIDS di samping melatih Pegawai-pegawai Agama di Malaysia untuk menangani isu tersebut dalam kalangan umat Islam. Program latihan ini berbentuk teori dan praktikal di mana peserta program berpeluang melaksanakan dakwah secara temu seru (outreach) dengan Orang Yang Hidup dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) secara langsung. Kaedah kuantitatif melalui soal selidik telah digunakan untuk memperoleh data. Seramai 350 orang Pegawai Agama yang telah mengikuti program latihan ini dipilih sebagai responden melalui teknik pensampelan rawak mudah. Analisis korelasi Pearson dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti hubungan di antara penilaian pembelajaran dengan penilaian tingkah laku peserta yang mengikuti Program Latihan Manual Islam dan HIV/AIDS. Hasil analisis ujian korelasi Pearson tersebut mendapati bahawa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan di antara penilaian pembelajaran dari segi maklumat yang diperoleh daripada kandungan program dengan penilaian tingkah laku dengan nilai r = 0.489 dan sig = 0.000 (p<0.05). Kekuatan hubungan ialah positif sederhana. Manakala hubungan antara penilaian pembelajaran dari segi maklumat yang diperoleh daripada program temu seru dengan penilaian tingkah laku pula menunjukkan kekuatan hubungan positif kuat dengan nilai yang diperoleh ialah r = 0.539 dan sig = 0.000 (p<0.05). Analisis ini menunjukkan bahawa pembelajaran yang diperoleh melalui program latihan Manual Islam dan HIV/AIDS ini telah berjaya mengubah tingkah laku Pegawai Agama dari segi kesedaran peranan berdakwah kepada ODHA.
Fahaman pelampau Rajah Solaiman Movement (RSM) sebagai sebuah gerakan Islam di Filipina
Authors: Abdullah Marlon Pontino Guleng @ Muhammad Yusuf Marlon , Muhamat @ Kawangit Razaleigh , Hj Aini Zulkefli
Published: January 2022

Gerakan aktiviti Islam di Filipina sering menghadapi cabaran disebabkan fahaman yang melampau daripada sebahagian pemimpin Muslim yang sering dikaitkan dengan pembunuhan, penculikan, terorisme dan sebagainya. Kertas ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan perbuatan ekstremis atau radikal gerakan Islam di Filipina. Kajian literatur ini memberi penekanan terhadap fahaman pelampau dalam Rajah Solaiman Movement yang membawa kepada salah tanggap bukan Muslim terhadap Islam sebagai agama teroris. Kajian ini juga merangkumi pandangan ulama terhadap ekstrimisme atau radikalisme gerakan Islam di seluruh dunia.
Halal food culture in Kuala Terengganu: Shariah perspective (Istitābat al-‘Arab)
Authors: Syed Omar Sharifah Sakinah Habibah , Abdul Karim Mohd Hafiz , Jamaludin Mohammad Aizat
Published: January 2022

Different cultures possess particular uniqueness in their culinary styles. Members in a society connect with each other through similar food patterns. People from different cultural backgrounds consume different foods with different culinary styles including ingredients used, preparation methods and consumption habits. Variations in food culture are basically due to different situations faced which vary according to different societies. Religion is perceived to play a part in shaping Kuala Terengganu’s food culture along with availability of food sources, geographical background, and historical background as well as migration. Considering that Kuala Terengganu is a predominantly Muslim district, its local food culture is by any means manifested by the prescription of Shariah Law, which is to consume halalan tayyiban and to bypass haram. This study attempts to review the concept of Istitābat Al-‘Arab pertaining to halal food rulings through various references found in different Quranic verses, hadith and principles. Also in this study, the different interpretations from major denominations in Islam (i.e. Hanafi, Maliki, Shafie and Hanbali) regarding the concept of Istitābat Al-‘Arab are discussed. Hence, this particular paper explains the concept of Istitābat Al-‘Arab in Shariah perspective in shaping Kuala Terengganu’s halal food culture with reference to local food rulings.
Kefahaman belia Muslim terhadap konsep kebebasan beragama dengan isu keluar agama dalam Islam: kajian di Institut Pengajian Tinggi Selangor
Authors: Ismail Nazneen , Abdul Rahman Kamal Azmi , Mohd Salleh Norsaleha
Published: January 2022

The issue of apostasy in Islam is part of the right of religious freedom. The article aims to identify the Muslim youth understanding on the definition (concept) of religious freedom, their understanding on the issue of apostasy and the relationship between those two. The study uses descriptive quantitative approach in order to get responses from various background of respondents. A total of 404 questionnaires were distributed to the students from selected institutes of higher learning in Selangor by using a purposive sampling method. The findings show that the Muslim youth understanding on the concept of religious freedom is high with a mean score of 4.33. Their understanding on the issue of apostasy is also high with a mean score of 3.86. Furthermore, Spearman result analysis show the significant and positive correlation between respondents understanding on the concept of religious freedom and their understanding on the issue of apostasy in Islam at p < .05. It can be concluded that the understanding on religious freedom has much bearing on the understanding of apostasy. This finding demonstrates it is important to expose Muslim youth on the concept of religious freedom according to Islamic perspective.
ABSTRAK
Isu keluar agama atau murtad dalam Islam mempunyai hubungan dengan hak kebebasan beragama. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kefahaman belia Muslim terhadap definisi dan konsep kebebasan beragama, mengenal pasti kefahaman mereka tentang isu keluar agama serta hubungan antara kedua-duanya. Kajian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif bagi mendapatkan respons daripada pelbagai latar belakang. Sebanyak 404 soal selidik diedarkan kepada mahasiswa di Institut Pengajian Tinggi terpilih sekitar Selangor. Sampel dipilih menggunakan kaedah persampelan bertujuan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan kefahaman belia Muslim tentang konsep kebebasan beragama adalah tinggi dengan skor min bernilai 4.33, kefahaman mereka tentang isu keluar agama juga tinggi dengan skor min bernilai 3.86. Seterusnya, hasil analisis Spearman menunjukkan terdapat perkaitan yang positif dan signifikan (p < .05) antara kefahaman responden terhadap konsep kebebasan beragama dengan isu keluar agama dalam Islam. Dapatan ini menunjukkan kepentingan penekanan serta pendedahan kepada belia Islam berkenaan kebebasan beragama menurut Islam.
Promoting behavior-based safety with Islamic principles
Authors: Hayat Amir
Published: January 2022

Occupational safety and health are concerned with all aspects of employees' physical, mental, and social health and safety. Being a labor-related issue, several legislations in every country ensure the safety, health, and welfare of people engaged in work. Therefore, it becomes the legal responsibility of the employer to provide a safe workplace for employees. However, without employee participation, the state legislations and employers' efforts can do little to make the workplace safe and healthy. Employee behavior is considered the key element to ensure safety at the workplace. Human behavior includes the way an individual acts based on various factors such as genetics, social norm, core faith, and attitude. Thus, religion plays a vital role in reinforcing safe work behaviors. Islam has a strong effect on the lifestyle and behavior of its adherents. In this conceptual paper, principles and guidelines offered by Islam related to safety and health are highlighted. The effort has been made to look into the basic sources of Islam to find out principles and guidelines related to safety, health, and the environment. Behavior-based safety from in Islamic perspective is concerned with creating a work environment based on the principles of brotherhood, mutuality, cooperation, mercy, kindness, and benevolence. It is observed that the Islamic approach to occupational safety and health is not limited to compliance with the organizational safety procedures. Still, also it is a religious obligation and Divine Calling.