bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Superficial and deep retinal foveal avascular zone OCT‐A findings of non‐infectious anterior and posterior uveitis compared to healthy controls
Authors: Waizel M. , Todorova M.G. , Terrada C. , Massamba N. , LeHoang P. , Bodaghi B.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

To compare the superficial (FAZ‐S) and deep retinal foveal avascular zones (FAZ‐D) of non‐infectious anterior and posterior uveitis and healthy controls, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods

OCTA was performed on a total of 74 eyes, 34 eyes suffering from non‐infectious posterior uveitis (26 eyes without macular edema (post‐CME), 8 eyes with macular edema (post+CME)), 11 eyes with non‐infectious anterior uveitis (6 eyes without macular edema (ant‐CME) and 5 eyes with macular edema (ant+CME). The control group included a group of 29 healthy eyes. The foveal avascular zones of the superficial (FAZ‐S) and deep (FAZ‐D) retinal vascular plexus were measured in mm2 via the software's ruler tool on a Heidelberg HRA2 Spectralis OCTA device (Germany). For statistical evaluation ANOVA‐based linear mixed‐effects models were performed with SPSS®.

Results

Eyes suffering from non‐infectious posterior uveitis presented with significantly higher FAZ‐D values when compared to healthy controls both, in the presence or absence of macular edema (p<0.001, post‐CME subgroup and post+CME subgroups). In the presence of macular edema eyes presenting with anterior uveitis (ant+CME) also showed significantly higher FAZ‐S (p=0.03) and FAZ‐D (p<0.001) values when compared to healthy controls. Meanwhile, in the absence of macular edema eyes with anterior uveitis cannot be distinguished from controls (p>0.6).

Conclusions

Based on our preliminary results, the deep retinal foveal avascular zone seems to be enlarged in eyes presenting with non‐infectious posterior uveitis, both in the presence or absence of macular edema. This finding could be used as a clinical marker in the future.
Use of wide‐field fluorescein angiography in the diagnosis and management of sarcoidosis uveitis
Authors: Bouladi M. , Hassairi A. , Bouraoui R. , Kort F. , Limaiem R. , Mghaieth F. , El Matri L.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

To assess the utility of wide field (WF) fluorescein angiography versus conventional angiography in the diagnosis and management of Sarcoidosis posterior uveitis.

Methods

Twenty‐three eyes of 12 patients diagnosed with Sarcoidosis disease who underwent WF fluorescein angiography imaging with the Heidelberg scanning laser ophthalmoscope HRA2 using the Staurenghi SLO contact lens between January 2016 and March 2017 were included in our study. Complete clinical and imaging records (WF fluorescein angiography and SD‐OCT) of the patients were retrospectively reviewed. A circle simulating the central 75‐degree field was drawn on WF fluorescein angiography images. We compared the WF fluorescein angiography findings within the circle and the complete image and assessed its impact on patient management.

Results

Fourteen eyes of 23 (60.9%) were diagnosed with Sarcoidosis retinal vasculitis. WF fluorescein angiography revealed vasculitis not clinically evident in 9 of 14 eyes (64.3%). Predominant angiographic findings were diffuse vascular leakage in 6 eyes (26.1%), peripheral ischemia in 5 eyes (21.7%), vein sheathing in 12 eyes (52.2%) and multifocal hyperfluorescent spots in 8 eyes (34.8%). Ten eyes (43.5%) had no apparent retinal vasculitis but WF images have shown peripheral changes outside the circle. In four eyes (13%), WF fluorescein angiography showed the vasculitis to be much more extensive than usually seen by simulated conventional FA. WF fluorescein angiography influenced treatment decision in 9 eyes (39.1%).

Conclusions

Retinal vasculitis (RV) may be difficult to detect either clinically or with conventional retinal imaging in Sarcoidosis disease. Wide‐field imaging is a useful tool in the diagnosis of RV associated to Sarcoidosis disease even in the absence of clinical retinal vasculitis and may influence management decisions.
A Family Based Study of Carbon Monoxide and Nitric Oxide Signalling Genes and Preeclampsia
Authors: Bauer Anna E. , Avery Christy L. , Shi Min , Weinberg Clarice R. , Olshan Andrew F. , Harmon Quaker E. , Luo Jingchun , Yang Jenny , Manuck Tracy A. , Wu Michael C. , Williams Nicholas , McGinnis Ralph , Morgan Linda , Klungsøyr Kari , Trogstad Lill , Magnus Per , Engel Stephanie M.
Published: September 2017

Background

Preeclampsia is thought to originate during placentation, with incomplete remodelling and perfusion of the spiral arteries leading to reduced placental vascular capacity. Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) are powerful vasodilators that play a role in the placental vascular system. Although family clustering of preeclampsia has been observed, the existing genetic literature is limited by a failure to consider both mother and child.

Methods

We conducted a nested case–control study within the Norwegian Mother and Child Birth Cohort of 1545 case‐pairs and 995 control‐pairs from 2540 validated dyads (2011 complete pairs, 529 missing mother or child genotype). We selected 1518 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency >5% in NO and CO signalling pathways. We used log‐linear Poisson regression models and likelihood ratio tests to assess maternal and child effects.

Results

One SNP met criteria for a false discovery rate Q‐value <0.05. The child variant, rs12547243 in adenylate cyclase 8 (ADCY8), was associated with an increased risk (relative risk [RR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20, 1.69 for AG vs. GG, RR 2.14, 95% CI 1.47, 3.11 for AA vs. GG, Q = 0.03). The maternal variant, rs30593 in PDE1C was associated with a decreased risk for the subtype of preeclampsia accompanied by early delivery (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.27, 0.75 for TC vs. CC; Q = 0.02). None of the associations were replicated after correction for multiple testing.

Conclusions

This study uses a novel approach to disentangle maternal and child genotypic effects of NO and CO signalling genes on preeclampsia.
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder: Findings from the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED)
Authors: Singer Alison B. , Aylsworth Arthur S. , Cordero Christina , Croen Lisa A. , DiGuiseppi Carolyn , Fallin M. Daniele , Herring Amy H. , Hooper Stephen R. , Pretzel Rebecca E. , Schieve Laura A. , Windham Gayle C. , Daniels Julie L.
Published: September 2017

Background

Prenatal alcohol exposure can affect neurodevelopment, but few studies have examined associations with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods

We assessed the association between maternal alcohol use and ASD in the Study to Explore Early Development, a multi‐site case–control study of children born between September 2003 and August 2006 in the US Regression analyses included 684 children with research clinician‐confirmed ASD, 869 children with non‐ASD developmental delays or disorders (DDs), and 962 controls ascertained from the general population (POP). Maternal alcohol exposure during each month from 3 months prior to conception until delivery was assessed by self‐report.

Results

Mothers of POP children were more likely to report any prenatal alcohol use than mothers of children with ASD or DD. In trimester one, 21.2% of mothers of POP children reported alcohol use compared with 18.1% and 18.2% of mothers of children with ASD or DD, respectively (adjusted OR for ASD vs. POP 0.8, 95% confidence interval 0.6, 1.1). During preconception and the first month of pregnancy, one to two drinks on average per week was inversely associated with ASD risk.

Conclusions

These results do not support an adverse association between low‐level alcohol exposure and ASD, although these findings were based on retrospective self‐reported alcohol use. Unmeasured confounding or exposure misclassification may explain inverse associations with one to two drinks per week. Pregnant or potentially pregnant women should continue to follow recommendations to avoid alcohol use because of other known effects on infant health and neurodevelopment.
Elizabeth Adam Blyth
Authors: Almond Mike
Published: September 2017

Elizabeth Blyth worked as a small animal vet and was married to a vet.
Spectral Spatio-Temporal Fire Model for Video Fire Detection
Authors: Wu Zhaohui , Song Tao , Wu Xiaobo , Shao Xuqiang , Liu Yan
Published: September 2017

Fire detection technology aroused people’s attention increasingly. The main challenge of the fire detection systems is how to reduce false alarms caused by objects like fire’s colors. Most existing algorithms used only features of fire in visual field. In this work, we put forward a new algorithm to detect dynamic fire from the surveillance video based on the combination of radiation domain features model. First, a fire color model is used to extract flame-like pixels as candidate areas in YCbCr space. Second, we convert the candidate regions from the traditional color space into radiation domain in advance by camera calibration. And we use seven features to model the spectral spatio-temporal model of the fire to more accurately characterize the physical and optical properties of the fire. Finally, we choose a two-class SVM classifier to identify the fire from the candidate areas and use a radial basis function kernel to improve the accuracy of the recognition. Two different sets of data are used to validate the algorithm we proposed. And the experimental results indicate that our method performs well in video fire surveillance.
Towards Understanding the Social and Organizational Dimensions of Software Architecting
Authors: Galster Matthias , Tamburri Damian A. , Kazman Rick
Published: September 2017

Software architecting is about making decisions that have system-wide impact and that shape software product and process alike. While researchers and practitioners have tried to define and scope the role of the architecture, social and organizational impacts on the architect and the architecting process are often neglected. These impacts were the topics of the First International Workshop on the Social and Organizational Dimensions of Software Architecting. This report summarizes the workshop.
Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in Superparameterized CAM in Response to Warmer SSTs
Authors: Zhou Xin , Khairoutdinov Marat F.
Published: September 2017

Subdaily temperature and precipitation extremes in response to warmer SSTs are investigated on a global scale using the superparameterized (SP) Community Atmosphere Model (CAM), in which a cloud-resolving model is embedded in each CAM grid column to simulate convection explicitly. Two 10-yr simulations have been performed using present climatological sea surface temperature (SST) and perturbed SST climatology derived from the representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario. Compared with the conventional CAM, SP-CAM simulates colder temperatures and more realistic intensity distribution of precipitation, especially for heavy precipitation. The temperature and precipitation extremes have been defined by the 99th percentile of the 3-hourly data. For temperature, the changes in the warm and cold extremes are generally consistent between CAM and SP-CAM, with larger changes in warm extremes at low latitudes and larger changes in cold extremes at mid-to-high latitudes. For precipitation, CAM predicts a uniform increase of frequency of precipitation extremes regardless of the rain rate, while SP-CAM predicts a monotonic increase of frequency with increasing rain rate and larger change of intensity for heavier precipitation. The changes in 3-hourly and daily temperature extremes are found to be similar; however, the 3-hourly precipitation extremes have a significantly larger change than daily extremes. The Clausius–Clapeyron scaling is found to be a relatively good predictor of zonally averaged changes in precipitation extremes over midlatitudes but not as good over the tropics and subtropics. The changes in precipitable water and large-scale vertical velocity are equally important to explain the changes in precipitation extremes.
This Article Makes You Smarter! (Or, Regulating Health and Wellness Claims)
Authors: Duranske Sarah
Published: September 2017

Information has power – to inspire, to transform, and to harm. Recent technological advancements have enabled the creation of products that offer consumers direct access to a level of personal health information unprecedented in history. But how are we to balance the promise of health and wellness information with its risks?

Two agencies are tasked with protecting consumers from false claims of health products: the FDA and the FTC. This Article investigates if they are up to the task. In part a study of agency policymaking choices, and in part a prescription for more thoughtful and focused regulation, this Article compares both intra-agency and inter-agency regulation of informational health and wellness products. Certain procedural and substantive characteristics of FDA regulation are unsuited to informational health and wellness products, rendering comprehensive regulation by the FDA unrealistic. This gap creates an opportunity for the FTC to use its distinct and well-tailored enforcement tools to police harmful product claims that escape the FDA’s purview. I posit that by tailoring the FDA’s responsibility and sustaining the FTC’s engagement with health claims, the agencies can dovetail into a cohesive and comprehensive regulatory regime.
Suppression of Toll-like receptor 2–mediated proinflammatory responses by Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Rv3529c
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Upasana , Chadha Attinder , Gupta Priya , Tiwari Brijendra , Bhattacharyya Kausik , Popli Sonam , Raman Rajagopal , Brahamachari Vani , Singh Yogendra , Malhotra Pawan , Natarajan Krishnamurthy
Published: September 2017

Microorganisms are known to devise various strategies to thwart protective responses by the host. One such strategy is to incorporate sequences and domains in their genes/proteins that have similarity to various domains of the host proteins. In this study, we report that Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Rv3529c exhibits significant similarity to the death domain of the TLR pathway adaptor protein MyD88. Incubation of macrophages with Rv3529c specifically inhibited TLR2-mediated proinflammatory responses. This included attenuated oxidative burst, reduced phosphorylation of MAPK-ERK, reduced activation of transcription factor NF-κB and reduced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-17A with a concomitant increased secretion of suppressor cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β. Importantly, Rv3529c significantly inhibited TLR2-induced association of MyD88 with IRAK1 by competitively binding with IRAK1. Further, Rv3529c mediated inhibition of apoptosis and phagosome–lysosome fusion. Lastly, incubation of macrophages with Rv3529c increased bacterial burden inside macrophages. The data presented show another strategy evolved by M. tuberculosis toward immune evasion that centers on incorporating sequences in proteins that are similar to crucial proteins in the innate immune system of the host.
Professional and political reflections on the ‘grand round’: a critical case study
Authors: Cooper Dan , Mercer Dave
Published: September 2017

This case study presents a critical reflective account of a change to working practices in one NHS Trust. To promote quality care and effective clinical decision making, a ‘grand round’ was introduced in the orthopaedic department. Implementation presented frustrations and challenges for members of the multidisciplinary team. These are explored using transformative learning and critical reflection, enabling connections to be made between micro-level interactions of clinical care and macro-level structures that frame healthcare services. It is important that nurses recognise the escalating impact of a neoliberal agenda, and new public management, that drive UK health policy and politics. The value base of nursing is threatened by a corporate culture that measures performance in terms of institutional targets rather than individual care.
Implementing safety huddles
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: September 2017

Sam Foster, at time of writing Chief Nurse at Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, considers the implications for patient outcomes of implementing safety huddles
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KARTU JAKARTA PINTAR DI DKI: PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN DALAM PEMENUHAN KEADILAN SOSIAL DI BIDANG PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Afriansyah Anggi
Published: September 2017

Jakarta Smart Card (KJP) is a program by the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government which gives a chance for the less affluent to achieve up to secondary education. This paper examines three aspects of KJP implementation, namely (i) opportunities and challenges of the program implementation as the fulfillment of social justice in education; (ii) problems related to the program implementation and its future challenges; and (iii) KJP as an effort to improve education services. This study used primary data obtained from interviews and relevant secondary data. The main finding indicates that violations and misuse of KJP fund still exist. Although the government has improved the rules, management, and mechanisms for the distribution of the program, inaccuracies in data and fund recipients are still found. Therefore, these issues need to be the points of evaluation, improvement, and innovation to fulfill the social justice for the disadvantaged citizens.
Finding the maximum clique in massive graphs
Authors: Lu Can , Yu Jeffrey Xu , Wei Hao , Zhang Yikai
Published: September 2017

Cliques refer to subgraphs in an undirected graph such that vertices in each subgraph are pairwise adjacent. The maximum clique problem, to find the clique with most vertices in a given graph, has been extensively studied. Besides its theoretical value as an NP-hard problem, the maximum clique problem is known to have direct applications in various fields, such as community search in social networks and social media, team formation in expert networks, gene expression and motif discovery in bioinformatics and anomaly detection in complex networks, revealing the structure and function of networks. However, algorithms designed for the maximum clique problem are expensive to deal with real-world networks.

In this paper, we devise a randomized algorithm for the maximum clique problem. Different from previous algorithms that search from each vertex one after another, our approach
RMC
, for the randomized maximum clique problem, employs a binary search while maintaining a lower bound

ω
c

and an upper bound [EQUATION] of
ω
(
G
). In each iteration,
RMC
attempts to find a

ω
t

-clique where [EQUATION]. As finding

ω
t

in each iteration is NP-complete, we extract a seed set
S
such that the problem of finding a

ω
t

-clique in
G
is equivalent to finding a

ω
t

-clique in
S
with probability guarantees (≥1−

n
−c

). We propose a novel iterative algorithm to determine the maximum clique by searching a
k
-clique in
S
starting from
k
=

ω
c

+1 until
S
becomes [EQUATION], when more iterations benefit marginally. As confirmed by the experiments, our approach is much more efficient and robust than previous solutions and can always find the exact maximum clique.
NoScope
Authors: Kang Daniel , Emmons John , Abuzaid Firas , Bailis Peter , Zaharia Matei
Published: September 2017

Recent advances in computer vision---in the form of deep neural networks---have made it possible to query increasing volumes of video data with high accuracy. However, neural network inference is computationally expensive at scale: applying a state-of-the-art object detector in real time (i.e., 30+ frames per second) to a single video requires a $4000 GPU. In response, we present N
o
S
cope
, a system for querying videos that can reduce the cost of neural network video analysis by up to three orders of magnitude via
inference-optimized model search.
Given a target video, object to detect, and reference neural network, N
o
S
cope
automatically searches for and trains a sequence, or cascade, of models that preserves the accuracy of the reference network but is specialized to the target video and are therefore far less computationally expensive. N
o
S
cope
cascades two types of models:
specialized models
that forego the full generality of the reference model but faithfully mimic its behavior for the target video and object; and
difference detectors
that highlight temporal differences across frames. We show that the optimal cascade architecture differs across videos and objects, so N
o
S
cope
uses an efficient cost-based optimizer to search across models and cascades. With this approach, N
o
S
cope
achieves two to three order of magnitude speed-ups (265-15,500x real-time) on binary classification tasks over fixed-angle webcam and surveillance video while maintaining accuracy within 1--5% of state-of-the-art neural networks.
Pro legato
Authors: Faoro Davide
Published: September 2017

Riassunto:

Il titolo di pro legato è stato considerato in letteratura segnale di un incarico maggiorato che si estrinsecava nell'assegnazione del comando di truppe legionarie a figure naturalmente sprovviste di tale facoltà, come tribuni, praefecti e procuratores Augusti. L'analisi delle fonti porta ora alla conclusione che questo titolo in epoca augustea compaia nei curricula epigrafici di ufficiali subalterni, senatorii e equestri, ad indicare una militia nel cui svolgimento erano state sommate, oltre al comando militare, alcune prerogative di carattere presidiale senza tuttavia alcuna relazione con il comando di truppe legionarie. Dall'epoca di Claudio in poi, le rare menzioni della titolatura di procurator pro legato sono invece ascrivibili a ragioni di autorappresentazione, atte a segnalare il carattere presidiale, e non fiscale, di una procuratela.
Il seguito ostrogoto di Amalafrida: confutazione di Procopio, Bellum Vandalicum I, 8, 12
Authors: Cristini Marco
Published: September 2017

Riassunto:

Nel 500 Amalafrida, sorella di Teodorico il Grande, andò in Africa per sposare Trasamundo, re dei Vandali. Secondo Procopio di Cesarea fu scortata da seimila soldati. Questa è una delle poche informazioni esistenti sulla consistenza numerica dell'esercito ostrogoto e perciò è stata ampiamente citata dagli storici che si sono occupati dei Goti o di Teodorico, tuttavia un'attenta analisi delle notizie sugli Ostrogoti e sui Vandali in nostro possesso indica chiaramente che non si può prestar fede al passo procopiano.
Der Arzneimittelmarkt in Deutschland – eine Einführung
Authors: Glaeske Gerd
Published: September 2017

Der Arzneimittelmarkt in Deutschland ist der viertgrößte der Welt, mit einem Herstellerumsatz von knapp 32 Mrd. Euro. Die Packungsverkäufe bei den rezeptpflichtigen und nicht-rezeptpflichtigen Mitteln sind ähnlich (jeweils rund 750 Mio.), der größte Umsatzanteil (ca. 80%) entfällt auf rezeptpflichtige Mittel wie gentechnologisch oder biologisch hergestellte Mittel, kostengünstiger sind dagegen Biosimilars und Generika. Seit 2011 orientieren sich Preisverhandlungen zu neuen Arzneimitteln durch das AMNOG am Patientennutzen.
BLM and SLX4 play opposing roles in recombination‐dependent replication at human telomeres
Authors: Sobinoff Alexander P , Allen Joshua AM , Neumann Axel A , Yang Sile F , Walsh Monica E , Henson Jeremy D , Reddel Roger R , Pickett Hilda A
Published: September 2017

Alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) is a telomere lengthening pathway that predominates in aggressive tumors of mesenchymal origin; however, the underlying mechanism of telomere synthesis is not fully understood. Here, we show that the BLM–TOP3A–RMI (BTR) dissolvase complex is required for ALT‐mediated telomere synthesis. We propose that recombination intermediates formed during strand invasion are processed by the BTR complex, initiating rapid and extensive POLD3‐dependent telomere synthesis followed by dissolution, with no overall exchange of telomeric DNA. This process is counteracted by the SLX4–SLX1–ERCC4 complex, which promotes resolution of the recombination intermediate, resulting in telomere exchange in the absence of telomere extension. Our data are consistent with ALT being a conservative DNA replication process, analogous to break‐induced replication, which is dependent on BTR and counteracted by SLX4 complex‐mediated resolution events.
Adrenal insufficiency is seen in more than one-third of patients during ongoing low-dose prednisolone treatment for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Borresen Stina Willemoes , Klose Marianne , Baslund Bo , Rasmussen Åse Krogh , Hilsted Linda , Friis-Hansen Lennart , Locht Henning , Hansen Annette , Hetland Merete Lund , Lydolph Magnus Christian , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla
Published: September 2017

Objective

Patients receiving long-term glucocorticoid treatment are at risk of developing adrenal insufficiency during treatment. We investigated the prevalence of prednisolone-induced adrenal insufficiency in the particular clinical situation where patients receive ongoing low-dose (5 mg/day) prednisolone treatment, a dose by itself too low to cover glucocorticoid needs during stress.

Design and methods

Cross-sectional study in 42 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (29 women, aged 36–86 years) treated with 5 mg prednisolone/day, who had received prednisolone for ≥6 months (median: 66, range: 6–444 months). Adrenal function was evaluated by a 250 μg Synacthen test performed after mean 48.7 h prednisolone pause. Local assay-specific cut-off for normal adrenal function was P-cortisol ≥420 nmol/L 30 min after Synacthen injection.

Results

Overall, 20 of the 42 patients (48%, 95% CI: 33–62%) had an insufficient adrenal response to the Synacthen test. Including only patients who had not received concomitant treatment with any other glucocorticoid formulas within the last 3 months, 13 of 33 patients (39%, 95% CI: 25–56%) had an insufficient response. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) concentrations were generally low and anti-adrenal antibodies were negative indicating secondary adrenal insufficiency as the most likely diagnosis. There was no correlation between duration of treatment and 30 min P-cortisol (P = 0.62). Adrenal function did not depend on sex or seropositivity of rheumatoid arthritis.

Conclusion

We demonstrate a high prevalence of adrenal insufficiency during ongoing low-dose prednisolone treatment. The results urge to increase focus on the condition to ensure identification and correct management of insufficient patients during stress and withdrawal. Strategies for adrenal function evaluation during ongoing low-dose glucocorticoid treatment need to be established.
PENGARUH SISTEM PENGELOLAAN AIR TERHADAP Produksi masSal benih rajungan (Portunus pelagicus)
Authors: Susanto Bambang , Setyadi Irwan , Haryanti Haryanti
Published: September 2017

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui air pemeliharaan yang sesuai untuk larva rajungan dan dapat diaplikasikan dalam perbenihan rajungan. Penelitian menggunakan bak beton volume 3.000 liter yang dilengkapi dengan sistem aerasi, dan ditebar larva (zoea-1) dengan kepadatan 75 ind./L. Perlakuan air pemeliharaan untuk larva rajungan adalah A: air yang telah melalui filter pasir; B: air yang telah dikhlorin; C: air tanpa filtrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase sintasan, vitalitas, dan pertumbuhan rajungan stadia megalopa yang terbaik adalah perlakuan klorinasi (B). Sintasan rajungan pada perlakuan B sebesar: 38,33%; diikuti oleh perlakuan A sebesar 24,83%; dan C sebesar 21,67%. Stadia megalopa yang dihasilkan dari klorinasi air mempunyai ukuran panjang karapas (CL): 1,56 ± 0,05 mm; lebar karapas (CW): 1.20 ± 0.04 mm; dan bobot badan (BW): 2.10 ± 0.07 mg. Pada perlakuan A dihasilkan CL: 1,55 ± 0;04 mm; CW: 1,21 ± 0,04 mm; dan BW: 2,02 ± 0,32 mg; sedangkan perlakuan C: CL: 1,54 ± 0,04 mm; CW: 1,17 ± 0,03 mm; dan BW: 1,93 ± 0,34 mg.This experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of different treated water on mass seed production of blue swimming crab. The experiment was done in concrete tank of 3,000 liter provided with aeration system and initial zoea-1 density of 75 ind./L. Three different treated water for larva rearing were A: sand-filtered water; B: chlorinated water; and C: non-filtered. The best results of this experiment indicated that survival rates, vitality and growth rate of megalopa shown on B treatment Survival rates of A, B, and C treatment are A: 24,83%; B: 38,33%; and C: 21,67% respectively. The size of megalopa on A treatment i.e.: carapace length (CL): 1.55 ± 0.04 mm, carapace wide (CW): 1.21 ± 0.04 mm, and body weight (BW): 2.02 ± 0.32 mg; B: CL: 1.56 ± 0.05 mm, CW: 1.20 ± 0.04 mm, and BW: 2.10 ± 0.07 mg, and C: CL: 1.54 ± 0.04 mm, CW: 1.17 ± 0.03 mm, and BW: 1.93 ± 0.34 mg, respectively.
VARIASI GENETIK IKAN TUNA SIRIP KUNING, Thunnus albacares DENGAN ANALISIS ELEKTROFORESIS ALLOZYME DAN Mt-DNA
Authors: Permana Gusti Ngurah , Hutapea Jhon Harianto , Haryanti Haryanti , Sembiring Sari Budi Moria
Published: September 2017

Sampel ikan tuna sirip kuning, T. albacares diambil dari tiga lokasi (perairan Bali, Sulawesi Utara, dan Maluku Utara) dan dilakukan analisis variasi genetik dengan metode elektroforesis allozyme menggunakan 15 enzim dan mt-DNA dengan 4 enzim restriksi. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh 4 lokus enzim polimorfik yaitu: Idh-*2 (isocitrate dehydrogenase), Gpi-2* (glucose phoshate dehydrogenase ), Mdh-1* (malat e dehydrogenase), dan Est-1* (esterase). Frekuensi alel allozyme terlihat adanya perbedaan yang nyata (Fst = 0,12; P<0,05) antar lokasi yaitu Bali (A, B, C, D), Sulawesi Utara dan Maluku Utara (A, B, C). 15 komposit haplotipe ditemukan pada populasi Bali, Sulawesi Utara, dan Maluku Utara. Haplotype diversity pada populasi Bali 0,886; Sulawesi Utara 0,790; dan Maluku Utara 0,785; dengan rata-rata dari haplotype diversity adalah 0,857. Jarak genetik dari ketiga populasi berkisar antara 0,003--0,023 (rata-rata 0,016). Populasi Maluku Utara dan Sulawesi Utara mempunyai jarak genetik terdekat yaitu 0,003. Hal ini merupakan indikator bahwa Sulawesi Utara dan Maluku Utara sering digunakan sebagai jalur migrasi dengan adanya kesamaan alel yang ditemukan pada kedua populasi tesebut, jika dibandingkan dengan populasi Bali (0,023).
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN WAKTU APLIKASI PROBIOTIK TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR DAN SINTASAN PASCA LARVA UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon)
Authors: Muliani Muliani , Nurbaya Nurbaya , Atmomarsono Muharijadi
Published: September 2017

Penelitian ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu pemberian probiotik yang berbeda terhadap perubahan kualitas air dan sintasan udang windu dalam skala laboratorium. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Basah Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BRPBAP), Maros menggunakan 21 buah akuarium berukuran 40 cm x 30 cm x 27 cm yang diisi tanah tambak setebal 10 cm dan air laut salinitas 28 ppt sebanyak 15 L serta 30 ekor pascalarva udang windu. Probiotik yang digunakan adalah kombinasi BL542+BT951+MY1112 dengan perlakuan; (A) aplikasi probiotik pada awal sampai akhir penelitian; (B) aplikasi probiotik pada minggu ke-II sampai akhir penelitian; (C) aplikasi probiotik pada minggu ke-IV sampai akhir penelitian; (D) aplikasi probiotik pada minggu ke-VI sampai akhir penelitian; (E) aplikasi probiotik pada minggu ke-VIII sampai akhir penelitian; (F) aplikasi probiotik pada minggu ke X sampai akhir penelitian; (G) kontrol (tanpa probiotik), masing-masing diulang 3 kali. Penelitian berlangsung selama 12 minggu. Pengamatan parameter kualitas air dilakukan setiap 2 minggu yang meliputi; total bakteri, total Vibrio spp., BOT, NH3-N, NO2-N, NO3-N, PO4-P. Sedangkan pengamatan sintasan udang windu dilakukan pada akhir penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi probiotik pada minggu ke-IV dapat menekan konsentrasi BOT dan NH3-N, menurunkan total Vibrio sp. sehingga berdampak kepada peningkatan sintasan udang windu
New Knowledge About Research Capacity Building: An Autoethnographic Approach to Understanding Skill Enhancement Strategies for Minority Researchers With Disabilities
Authors: Sanders Perry , Davis Dytisha , Moore Corey L. , Manyibe Edward O.
Published: September 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this inquiry was to examine the research skill building and career development lived experiences of a Native American who is blind serving as a disability and rehabilitation researcher at a National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR)-sponsored Rehabilitation Research and Training Center based at a historically Black college/university. Acknowledging that growing as a researcher is a lifelong process, this autoethnography presents challenges, lessons learned, and strategies for overcoming obstacles that may confront ethnic minorities with disabilities seeking to improve their research skills and develop research careers in the disability and rehabilitation field. Methods: Through the method of autoethnography, self-reflective stories and narratives were examined to expose marginalized position as an ethnic minority with a disability in terms of research skill enhancement and participation barriers. Results: Emerging themes and skill building factors included familial and postsecondary educational supports, assistive technology, professional and community engagement opportunities, and peer-to-peer mentorship. Skill building challenges were also presented. Conclusions: Autoethnographic style is appropriate for not only presenting the lived research skill building and career development experiences of a minority early career investigator but also exploring factors that could be important in helping ethnic minorities with disabilities desiring to become disability and rehabilitation researchers.
The Bélinga Iron Ore Deposit (~2.8 Ga), NE-Gabon: Reactualization and New Interpretations on Crests
Authors: Kondja Stévy Retonda , Ondo Simplice Marin Ndong , Minko Ambroise Edou , Mikolo Francis Mayaga
Published: September 2017

The Bélinga iron ore deposit is the biggest iron ore situated in NEGabon. Very little is known about that iron ore and available data are sometimes incompatible. We revisited documents that evoke the deposit to reactualize and propose new interpretations. The Bélinga iron ore deposit is composed of thirteen (13) N-S mineralized crests that underwent 3 tectonic events, folding (D1), fracture (D2) and folding (D3). The ore is subdivided into four main categories which are blue and yellow ores, hematitic phyllites and enriched itabirites, with variable amounts of canga. The estimated reserves at Bélinga are ~384 Mt of high grade ore (Fe > 60% and P < 0.09%), and more than 1 Gt by considering an iron ore with Fe > 50% and P < 0.18%.
Examining Surgical Patients’ Expectations of Nursing Care at Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Shawa Elwin , Omondi Lilian , Mbakaya Balwani Chingatichifwe
Published: September 2017

Good service is defined when it meets the expectations of its customers. Likewise, nursing is a profession that aims at meeting patients’ needs and expectations. Many studies have been done at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) in Nairobi, Kenya regarding customer care satisfaction in various departments. However, little is known on patients’ expectations regarding nursing care. Therefore, this study was carried out to examine surgical patients’ expectations of nursing care in surgical wards. A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted at Kenyatta National Hospital in general surgical wards from April to June, 2012. The study population were adult postoperative patients admitted in the general surgical wards. The sample size was 168 and systemic random sampling technique was used in selecting the participants. The data collection tool was a structured questionnaire with open and closed questions. Ethical clearance was obtained from University of Nairobi and Kenyatta National Hospital Ethics Committee. Participation in the study was voluntary and based on patients’ ability to give informed consent. A total of 167 adult patients from general surgical wards responded to the questionnaire. Most patients agreed that they expected nurses to be knowledgeable with an average response of 86% and strongly disagreed that nurses should be rude and harsh (44%). 46% of participants agreed that they expected nurses to be responsive with mean of (M=3.61). It was found that most patients’ expectations were met and because of this, many felt satisfied with the nursing care provided. It is recommended that nurses should pay more attention to what patients expect from nursing care.
PENGARUH EKSTENSIFIKASIPAJAK,KEPATUHAN WAJIBPAJAK, DANPENCAIRAN TUNGGAKANPAJAK TERHADAPPENERIMAAN PAJAKPENGHASILANORANGPRIBADI
Authors: Levina Maria
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of extensification of tax, assessable compliance, and disbursement of tax arrears on tax revenue of personal income. This research uses secondary data with observation in KPP Pratama Jakarta Duren Sawit in 2012-2014. While the research uses multiple regression method to test the hypothesis at 5% significance. From the analysis performed in this research, it can be concluded that extensification of tax and assessable compliance have significant influence to tax revenue of personal income. While disbursement of tax arrears has no significant influence to to tax revenue of personal income.

 

Keywords: Tax, Extensification, Assessable Compliance, Disbursement of TaxArrears,Tax Revenue of Personal Income
Impacts and Limits of Irrigation Water Management on Wheat Yield and Quality
Authors: Torrion Jessica A. , Stougaard Robert N.
Published: September 2017

Greater understanding of the impacts of irrigation timing in hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) promotes better irrigation management, which optimizes the positive and minimizes the negative impacts on yield and quality. An experiment was conducted in 2014 to 2015 at Creston, MT. Eight cultivars (subplots) were randomly assigned to six water regimes (main plots). Aside from a rainfed check, irrigation treatments were: (i) replenishment of seasonal crop evapotranspiratory water loss via 32 mm per irrigation event (100ET); (ii) only 21 mm replenishment (66ET) per event to simulate season‐long deficit; and three treatments in which 100ET replacement was terminated prior to grain fill completion by scheduling final irrigation at respective stages of: (iii) med‐milk (100ET.MM), (iv) early milk (100ET.EM), (v) and anthesis (100ET.FL). The latter three treatments simulated end‐of‐season deficit irrigation. Irrigation treatment yields were similar, except for the lower 100ET.FL yield, indicating that wheat yield response to irrigation will be optimal in this environment as long as at least one irrigation event is supplied during grain fill. The cultivar yield responses to irrigation were similar. Irrigation increased biomass but had no impact on harvest index. Grain test weight (TWT) improved with irrigation. Falling number varied by cultivar and generally decreased with irrigation, but only significantly in 100ET, 66ET, and 100ET.MM. Irrigation improved yield and TWT, particularly during the hot and dry year. Irrigation can be terminated before completion of grain fill with no impact on yield and quality. Identification of adaptive cultivars with reduced irrigation or changing weather is necessary for improved productivity and grain quality.
PENANGANAN PEREMPUAN KORBAN KEKERANAN SEKSUAL DI PPT SERUNI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Nafisah Siti
Published: September 2017

Tulisan ini bertujuan: 1) Untuk men­des­krip­sikan bagaimana pe­nanganan perempuan korban kekerasan seksual di PPT Seruni Kota Semarang; 2) Untuk menganalisa bagaimana pe­nanganan perempuan korban kekerasan seksual di PPT Seruni Kota Semarang ditinjau dari perspektif bimbingan konseling Islam dengan fokus penelitian pada penanganan perempuan korban kekerasan seksual. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah pengurus, konselor dan klien di PPT Seruni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PPT Seruni dalam menangani per­empu­an korban kekerasan seksual ber­basis gender menggunakan beberapa tahapan, meliputi; konseling, pen­­dampingan hukum, pen­dampingan medis, pendampingan psiko­logis, menyediakan rumah aman (shelter), melakukan penguatan ekonomi, dan men­sosialisasi­kan hak-hak perempuan. Kedua, pe­nanganan yang diberikan PPT Seruni relevan jika ditinjau dari fungsi Bimbingan Konseling Islam, yaitu: fungsi pre­ventif (menjaga atau mencegah timbulnya masalah diri korban, contohnya dengan meng­adakan sosialisasi dan pe­nyuluhan hukum tentang hak-hak perempuan ber­basis gender), kuratif (membantu korban dalam memecahkan masalah, contohnya melakukan konseling dan pendampingan yang diperlukan korban), presentatif (korban terjaga dari masalah, contoh­nya dengan adanya rumah aman atau shelterbagi korban), dan developmental (membantu individu memelihara dan mengembangkan situasi yang lebih baik, dengan melakukan penguatan ekonomi terhadap korban).
PENANGANAN BERBASIS RUMAH SAKIT TERHADAP KORBAN KEKERASAN BERBASIS GENDER
Authors: Kusmanto Thohir Yuli
Published: September 2017

Kekerasan berbasis gender telah ada dan menjadi bagian dari kehidupan umat manusia selama peradaban ini ada. Beragam faktor yang melatar belakanginya. Namun persoal­an tersebut hingga saat ini masih kurang menjadi perhatian publik. Bahkan cenderung diisolasi agar tidak menjadi konsumsi publik. Mayoritas korban tindak kekerasan ber­basis gender adalah perempuan dan anak-anak. Perempu­an rentan menjadi korban tindak kekerasan karena mereka lemah dan tidak berdaya, akibat dari relasi gender yang tidak adil dan setara. Laki-laki cen­derung dominan dalam relasi gender. Fenomena tersebut bisa dilihat dalam ber­bagai data baik di media ataupun lembaga sosial yang punya perhatian menangani kasus ini. Dalam per­kembang­an saat ini, terutama pasca reformasi perhatian publik ter­hadap persoalan tindak kekerasan berbasis gender me­ningkat. Banyak lembaga sosial kemasyarakatan dan juga lembaga layanan publik yang memberikan layanan pe­nanganan korban tindak kekerasan berbasis gender, diantaranya Pusat Krisis Terpadu (PKT) Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) Jakarta. PKT RSCM merupakan pioner dari lembaga pe­nanganan korban kekerasan ber­basis gender yang berbasis rumah sakit. Dalam makalah ini penulis berupaya mengemukakan dinamika PKT RSCM dalam perjuangannya untuk menangani korban kekerasan berbasis gender.
MEREKA YANG TERCERABUT DARI MASA DEPANNYA: ANALISIS SOSIOLOGIS PROBLEM SOSIAL ANAK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kusmanto Thohir Yuli
Published: September 2017

Anak merupakan aset yang berharga bagi sebuah keluarga dan masyarakat dalam merengkuh kehidupan kolektifnya untuk me­nyong­song masa depan. Keluarga dan masyarakat yang peduli pada anak dalam rangka tumbuh dan berkembang secara manusiawi, sedang berinvestasi yang akan sangat menguntung­kan bagi ke­ber­langsungan hidupnya. Untuk itu mereka rela men­curah­kan tenaga, biaya dan pikirannya demi tumbuh dan ber­kembang­nya anak secara lebih baik. Lingkungan dan dukung­an sosial ke­masyarakatan yang baik, akan menjadikan anak sebagai satu generasi yang baik. Indikasinya dapat dilihat pada ke­mampuannya untuk berperan sosial sesuai harapan dan ke­inginan masyarakat­nya. Namun de­mikian tidak semua anak memiliki kesempatan untuk tumbuh dan berkembang secara lebih baik dalam kehidupannya. Banyak dari mereka yang meng­hadapi masalah sosial yang serius, baik psio­kologis, fisiologis, ekonomis dan lain-lainnya. Berbagai per­soalan yang ada tersebut, merupakan sesuatu yang tidak di­ke­hendaki­nya. Kondisi eksternal di luar dirinyalah yang paling banyak menjadi penyebabnya. Baik dari lingkungan yang paling kecil yaitu keluarga, maupun lingkungan yang luas yaitu masyarakatnya, bahkan negara. Berdasar realitas tersebut penulis tertarik untuk menelaah secara sosiologis problem sosial anak di Indo­nesia, dalam makalah ini.
TRADISI MASYARAKAT SELO DAN PARIWISATA DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG MERBABU, BOYOLALI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Putri Indah Riadi , Faida Lies Rahayu Wijayanti , Fandeli Chafid , Purwanto Ris Hadi
Published: September 2017

Culture can form civilization or tradition in meeting the needs and well being of the people involved in the environment. One of form the human culture is a work of art. Artwork reveals the attitudes, processes, Symbolics meaning in the form of movement, carvings, paintings, material realized from social and cultural knowledge. Cultural attractions have a high appeal because it has a special value in the form of art performances, traditional ceremonies, the noble values that are contained in an object of man's work in the past. People have a variety of cultural art that consists of various traditions ceremonies, art performances, habits of indigenous people in life. It can be a potential cultural attraction for tourists who visit the National Park area of Mount Merbabu in District Selo, Boyolali regency. The purpose of this research is to know the traditions of performance, art, and culture the people of Selo, Merbabu Mountain National Park, Boyolali Central Java. Culture can shape civilization or tradition in the needs and welfare of life for the people involved in its environment. One form of human culture is the work of art, which reveals attitudes, processes, symbols of meaning in the form of movements, carvings, paintings, material embodied from social and cultural knowledge. Social and cultural knowledge embodies special things such as artistic attractions, traditional rituals passed down until to the present day. The meaning of this honor is an expression of gratitude to the spirit of the ancestors who have helped keep the balance of the region and the agriculture of the Selo community to be safe, safe and abundant. This research uses qualitative and quantitative analysis method by measuring distribution/frequency of performance and implementation of tradition/culture of Selo society. The Selo community has various artistic and traditional cultures, including art performances, ancestral honors (sadranan on the 1st night of Suro), clean villages, and thanksgiving for the harvest. The results of the study found that: 1) the tradition of traditional ceremonies in the form of homage to ancestral spirits (ancestors) of 7.1 percent, 2) performances sendratari of 54.52 percent, 3) the use of public buildings with local architecture of Java that serves as a gallery art as much as 59.03 percent, and 4) Community activities work together 75.48 percent. The data also indicates that the traditions and culture of the Selo community, not only as a potential support for tourism but become an integral part of the development of nature tourism in the area of Gunung Merbabu National Park Boyolali, Central Java.
FRUTOS Y SEMILLAS EN REMANENTES DE BOSQUE ALTOANDINO DEL PÁRAMO DE RABANAL (BOYACÁ, COLOMBIA).
Authors: Manrique Valderrama Naisla Tatiana , Morales Puentes María Eugenia
Published: September 2017

El bosque altoandino en Colombia sigue siendo fuertemente reducido por las actividades humanas. El estudio de los atributos morfológicos de las especies de plantas allí presentes, permiten determinar el papel de éstas en la recuperación de los ecosistemas. Con base en lo anterior, se buscó conocer la morfología de frutos y semillas de algunas especies de los fragmentos de un bosque altoandino en el Macizo páramo de Rabanal. El material fue recolectado mediante inventarios rápidos de vegetación. Se estudiaron 23 especies, pertenecientes a 18 familias (17 son dicotiledóneas y una monocotiledónea) entre hierbas, arbustos, árboles, rasantes y lianas. Se encontraron 17 especies con frutos canosos y seis con frutos secos; a su vez, 20 especies tuvieron fruto simple, dos con frutos múltiples (polidrupas y tricápsulas), y una especie con fruto complejo (pomo). Adicionalmente, los resultados revelaron un contraste notable en el tamaño y número de semillas, con frutos que tienen una semilla (longitud promedio 1,95x1,77 mm) hasta con más de 60 semillas (0,64x0,52 mm). Las estrategias de los frutos y las semillas permiten responder en capacidad de germinación y efectividad de dispersión, presentando también diferentes formas de dispersión como zoocoria (9 especies), endozoocoria (11), baricoria (16) y enemocoria (6). Palabras clave: altoandino, fragmento, fruto, morfología, semillas.