bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INNOVATIONS:Linking a high school with academic and public libraries
Authors: Loder Michael W. , Fogarty James S.
Published: February 2020

INNOVATIONS:Linking a high school with academic and public libraries
Ethics and the Nuclear Age; South Africa and the free flow of information
Authors: Epp Ronald H. , MacLam Helen
Published: February 2020

Ethics and the Nuclear Age; South Africa and the free flow of information
Academic colleagues in concert; ACRL executive summary
Authors: Rader Hannelore B. , Segal JoAn S.
Published: February 2020

Academic colleagues in concert; ACRL executive summary
Issues raised by extended campus services librarians
Authors: Lessin Barton E.
Published: February 2020

Issues raised by extended campus services librarians
Letters
Authors: Bradley Kate
Published: February 2020

Letters
Avaliação da coordenação da atenção por usuários dos serviços de atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Bandeira Danieli , Damaceno Adalvane Nobres , Weiller Teresinha Heck , Lopes Luis Felipe Dias
Published: February 2020

Introdução: a coordenação da atenção mostra-se como um ponto estratégico de intervenções na atenção primária à saúde (APS). Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade dos serviços de APS em uma coordenadoria regional de saúde por meio dos usuários na dimensão da coordenação da atenção. Método: estudo analítico, do tipo transversal, no qual foram entrevistados 1.071 usuários adultos de 32 municípios que compõem duas regiões de saúde. Foi utilizado o instrumento de avaliação da atenção primária (Primary Care Assessment Tool) Brasil na versão adulto, e realizados os testes qui-quadrado de Pearson e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: verificou-se alto escore na dimensão “integração de cuidados” na unidade básica de saúde (UBS) (6,66), Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) (6,34) e UBS mista (6,87) e alto escore na dimensão “sistemas de informação” na UBS (7,22), ESF (7,09) e UBS mista (7,27), não havendo diferenças significativas na avaliação entre os diferentes modelos de atenção. A dimensão da coordenação da atenção, no presente estudo, foi bem avaliada, obtendo alto escore nos diferentes modelos de atenção. Além disso, o estudo indicou não haver diferença estatística entre esses na APS, conforme avaliação dos usuários. Conclusão: o estudo contribui para que possa ser repensada a APS em relação ao modelo que está sendo implementado nas unidades com ESF, cujos resultados precisam ser refletidos pelos gestores municipais e regionais de saúde.
Sentimentos paternos acerca da hospitalização do filho em unidade de internação neonatal
Authors: Fermino Vitória , Mattos Karina , Emidio Suellen Cristina Dias , Mendes-Castillo Ana Márcia Chiaradia , Carmona Elenice Valentim
Published: February 2020

Introdução: a participação dos homens, como pais, também é muito importante para desenvolvimento do recém-nascido, especialmente quando ele é hospitalizado. Para tanto, o pai também deve ter suas necessidades compreendidas e assistidas no contexto da assistência neonatal. Objetivo: descrever os sentimentos paternos acerca da hospitalização do filho em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. Método: trata-se de estudo exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, que foi desenvolvido em uma unidade neonatal de um hospital público de ensino. Os sujeitos foram pais de recém-nascidos hospitalizados. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, realizada individualmente em local privativo. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas segundo análise de conteúdo proposta por Minayo. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, sob o Parecer nº 1.387.229, CAAE: 50873215.9.0000.5404. RESULTADOS: realizou-se entrevista com 21 pais, com idades que variaram de 18 a 49 anos. Dos discursos dos pais emergiram três categorias temáticas: a) sentimentos paternos; b) hospitalização como experiência árdua; c) enfrentamento da hospitalização por meio da fé. Os pais demandam suporte e apoio ao longo da experiência de hospitalização do filho tanto quanto as mães. Os resultados denotam que eles também vivenciam dificuldades e não sabem como lidar com elas, enquanto tentam dar suporte ao filho, mulher e família. Considerações finais: o cuidado intencional e direcionado aos pais poderá atenuar sentimentos negativos e favorecer os positivos que emergiram nos discursos dos pais do presente estudo, como amor, alegria e gratidão.
Desafios da enfermagem na promoção de práticas de equidade em saúde
Authors: Velloso Isabela Silva Cancio , Pereira Márcia dos Santos , Salas Anna Santos , Araújo Meiriele Tavares
Published: February 2020

No presente artigo desenvolvemos um diálogo reflexivo acerca da equidade na saúde, traçando um paralelo entre os desafios próprios da prática de Enfermagem com equidade no Brasil e no Canadá. O conceito de equidade em saúde implica o reconhecimento das injustiças sofridas por alguns grupos populacionais, considerando-se que a distribuição de bens e serviços aos indivíduos abarca o reconhecimento de suas diferenças e necessidades distintas. O princípio da equidade em saúde se estabelece no âmbito das próprias condições de saúde e do acesso e utilização dos serviços com base em um parâmetro de distribuição heterogênea desses serviços. Os principais responsáveis pelas diferenças nas condições de saúde de distintos grupos populacionais são fatores sociais que podem ser alterados ou controlados por políticas públicas, ou seja, as iniquidades em saúde devem ser compreendidas como as diferenças desnecessárias e evitáveis. No que se refere às práticas de Enfermagem, em uma perspectiva sociológica, elas devem ser entendidas como práticas sociais que devem possibilitar a autonomia e o exercício da cidadania das pessoas, cabendo questionar sé é possível atuar como profissionais de saúde na perspectiva da equidade. Nesse contexto, entendemos que a proposição de práticas de equidade em saúde, na perspectiva da Enfermagem, pressupõe a superação de complexos desafios que podem ser analisados a partir de cinco dimensões: assistência, gestão, formação/educação permanente, engajamento político e pesquisa.
Rastros neoliberais no currículo de um curso de Design de Moda do interior do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Wagner Priscila Gil , Ripoll Daniela
Published: February 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo entender como a governamentalidade neoliberal está presente no Projeto Pedagógico e nas ementas das disciplinas do Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Design de Moda ofertado pelo do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS) Campus Erechim. Parte-se de dois pressupostos: a) os currículos dos cursos acadêmicos são construídos a partir de determinadas abordagens e perspectivas teóricas e acabam por ensinar mais do que os conteúdos pretendidos: eles ensinam o estudante a ser e estar no tempo presente; b) a lógica neoliberal permeia múltiplos espaços socioculturais e se traduz, no currículo do referido curso, na ênfase à autonomia dos sujeitos, no imperativo da inovação, da concorrência e da flexibilização das mentes e do tempo de trabalho. Tais características – tidas como desejáveis nos sujeitos na contemporaneidade – direcionam as ações, as vontades e os desejos de docentes e discentes. É interessante perceber como a lógica neoliberal está presente nesses documentos a fim de formar os alunos orientando-os, primariamente, para o mercado.Este artigo tem por objetivo entender como a governamentalidade neoliberal está presente no Projeto Pedagógico e nas ementas das disciplinas do Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Design de Moda ofertado pelo do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS) Campus Erechim. Parte-se de dois pressupostos: a) os currículos dos cursos acadêmicos são construídos a partir de determinadas abordagens e perspectivas teóricas e acabam por ensinar mais do que os conteúdos pretendidos: eles ensinam o estudante a ser e estar no tempo presente; b) a lógica neoliberal permeia múltiplos espaços socioculturais e se traduz, no currículo do referido curso, na ênfase à autonomia dos sujeitos, no imperativo da inovação, da concorrência e da flexibilização das mentes e do tempo de trabalho. Tais características – tidas como desejáveis nos sujeitos na contemporaneidade – direcionam as ações, as vontades e os desejos de docentes e discentes. É interessante perceber como a lógica neoliberal está presente nesses documentos a fim de formar os alunos orientando-os, primariamente, para o mercado.
Tendências em educação: metodologias ativas na Pós-graduação Lato Sensu
Authors: Sena Taisa Vieira
Published: February 2020

As metodologias de ensino-aprendizagem ativas no ensino superior têm sido discutidas amplamente em face aos novos desafios contemporâneos, sendo incentivadas também na Educação Continuada. Este caminho leva a busca por excelência nos cursos de especialização, mobilizando a comunidade acadêmica a enfrentar os desafios advindos do contexto sociocultural contemporâneo, procurando se adaptar às exigências do meio social ou alterá-las de forma positiva, quando for possível. A partir de um diagnóstico das condições sociais e culturais, o envolvimento de todas as partes que constituem a Universidade identificamos inovações no processo de ensino e aprendizagem que levam a formação de profissionais com competências mais alinhadas com as novas exigências do mercado. O presente artigo busca mostrar estas novas iniciativas, abordando a experiência de TCC Integrado e Prático dos cursos de Especialização Lato Sensu da Escola de Arquitetura e Design da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná. Os grupos foram organizados com em média 2 integrantes de cada curso com o desafio de repensar a própria Especialização, do modelo de negócio ao edifício, os espaços (que deveriam primar pela sustentabilidade), pensando no impacto da comunidade próxima a Universidade e como organizar urbanismo tático, com foco no cenário futuro para Educação Continuada.
Pra começo de conversa: a história da moda contada por professores e alunos do curso técnico em vestuário do IFMA, campus São João dos Patos
Authors: Lima Márcio Soares , Noronha Raquel Gomes , Silva Elisângela Tavares da
Published: February 2020

O objetivo do trabalho é analisar as práticas pedagógicas utilizadas nas disciplina história da moda, nos cursos técnico em vestuário do IFMA, campus São João dos Patos. Utilizamos o Grupo focal como ferramenta metodológica para entendermos tais questões. Compreendemos que o uso de imagens possibilita a interpretação da história, em determinados períodos, com uma riqueza de informações e detalhes. Entendemos, por meio da História da Moda, as linhas de desenvolvimento do ser humano, da política e da parte social em geral, bem como as interações entre a sociedade, arte, história e sua multidisciplinaridade. Relacionamos aqui os fatos da vida social, econômica e cultural, associando visualidades ao fazermos a correlação dos acontecimentos com as silhuetas representativas de cada período. Compreendemos que somente assim poderemos fazer reflexões da moda como mediadora das relações humanas com a sociedade, expressa pela roupa que ela veste e interpretada como mercadoria, identidade e comportamento.
Processo criativo, projetual e científico pela gestão do conhecimento: origem familiar para procura do eu
Authors: Preto Seila Cibele Sitta , Fornasier Cleuza Ribas Bittencourt
Published: February 2020

Este artigo dissemina alguns resultados do Projeto Integrador, denominado: “A origem familiar e a procura do Eu”, da primeira série do curso de graduação em Design de Moda, e seu sistema de gestão que está sendo aprimorado desde 2010. Os articulistas utilizam do método dedutivo, com abordagem qualitativa de natureza exploratória e descritiva na formulação do sistema de gestão e nos estudos de caso de natureza interpretativa, para averiguar os resultados da aplicação do Sistema de Desenvolvimento de Projetos pela Gestão do Conhecimento do processo cognitivo, criativo, projetual e método científico, guiado pelo design thinking. Como resultado tangível apresenta-se os artefatos vestíveis e o diário discente. Conclui-se que envolver emocional e cognitivamente o discente, auxilia-o no entendimento do processo de design
Método projetual "A Caixa": elaboração e aplicação
Authors: Rosa Lucas da , Babinski Júnior Valdecir
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar a elaboração e a aplicação do método projetual “A Caixa”. Esse estudo classifica-se como pesquisa aplicada, descritiva, qualitativa e participativa, resultado de uma pesquisa de campo e laboratorial. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados levantamento bibliográfico e entrevistas informais. O surgimento do método projetual ocorreu no contexto do Programa de Extensão Moda e Economia Criativa (PEMEC) que, por sua vez, é vinculado à Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (Udesc). O método projetual foi aplicado no Curso de Extensão Fuxico na Moda, ofertado pelo PEMEC em 2018, com o objetivo de potencializar o papel de integrantes da Associação Companhia do Fuxico, de Florianópolis (SC), enquanto cocriadores de moda. Os resultados alcançados apontam para o crescimento do interesse das comunidades acadêmica e externa pela prática extensionista relatada, o que pode estar relacionado ao método projetual aplicado pela equipe do PEMEC. Contudo, acredita-se que o método cumpra apenas parcialmente o objetivo a que se propõe, uma vez que não há evidência clara de como a comunidade artesã se insere enquanto cocriadora de moda no método projetual “A Caixa”.
O ensino da modelagem do vestuário sob as diretrizes do método PBL
Authors: Brito Debora Mizubuti , Spaine Patricia Aparecida de Almeida , ANDRADE RAQUEL RABELO
Published: February 2020

A modelagem enquanto parte do processo de desenvolvimento dos produtos do vestuário, é compreendida como decisiva para o sucesso do desempenho do produto. Sua execução e ensino, bem como as problemáticas que envolvem ambas estas atividades, têm sido tema de estudo de autores da área, dada a necessidade percebida de se reinventar e incrementar o modo de operação. Este estudo discorre sobre os métodos de ensino-aprendizado da modelagem que vinculam o hibridismo às técnicas tradicionais, apresentando diretrizes para seu processo de ensino; bem como estabelece conexões entre o ensino da modelagem entre a método PBL. Como resultado, visa apresentar um conjunto de ações para aplicação do PBL no processo de ensino e construção da modelagem híbrida.
A iniciação científica em Design e Moda no Brasil
Authors: Fonseca Felipe , De Souza Natália Régis
Published: February 2020

Entrevistou-se o Prof. Dr. Marcelo Machado Martins e a Profa. Dra. Taísa Vieira Sena, respectivamente presidente e vice-presidenta do Congresso Brasileiro de Iniciação Científica em Design e Moda (CBICDEM), no intuito de compartilhar reflexões acerca do passado, presente e futuro do evento e destacar a importância da iniciação científica para a academia brasileira de Moda.
Évaluation du niveau de contamination par les éléments traces métalliques (cadmium, cuivre, nickel et zinc) des sédiments de l’oued Boumerzoug et ses affluents, et leur transfert vers la chénopodiacée spinacia oleracea (L.)
Authors: Keddari Dounia , Afri-Mehennaoui Fatima-Zohra , Smatti-Hamza Imane , Djeddi Hamssa , Sahli Leila , Mehennaoui Smail
Published: February 2020

L’objectif de la présente étude est d’évaluer la distribution de quatre éléments traces métalliques (ETM), cadmium, cuivre, nickel et zinc, dans les différentes parties anatomiques (racines et feuilles) d’une chénopodiacée Spinacia oleracea (L.), en lien avec le niveau de contamination des sédiments où elle pousse, de l’oued Boumerzoug et ses affluents. Localisé dans le Constantinois au nord-est de l’Algérie, l’oued draine un bassin versant de 1 832 km2 avec ses zones urbaines et industrielles. Cette étude inclut 14 stations, 5 situées sur l’oued Boumerzoug et 9 sur ses affluents, sélectionnées en des lieux stratégiques et échantillonnées cinq fois au mois de mai, septembre et décembre 2016, ainsi qu’en mars et juillet 2017. Les teneurs moyennes des ETM des sédiments sont de 0,44 ± 0,30 mg∙kg-1 (masse sèche) pour Cd, 43,61 ± 36,45 mg∙kg-1 (ms) pour Cu, 35,16 ± 9,85 mg∙kg-1 (ms) pour Ni et 181,33 ± 115,12 mg∙kg-1 (ms) pour Zn. Le transfert des ETM a été étudié chez l’épinard S. oleracea dont les différentes parties accumulent différemment les métaux. Les concentrations des ETM dans les sédiments et la chénopodiacée sont très variables aussi bien dans l’espace que dans le temps. Nos résultats montrent que la chénopodiacée séquestre dans ses racines le Cd, le Cu et le Ni, alors que le Zn est transloqué vers les feuilles. La hiérarchie des teneurs moyennes en métaux dans les épinards (Zn > Cu > Ni > Cd) est similaire à celle des sédiments.
The Black Hole of Humanitarian Innovation
Authors: Currion Paul
Published: February 2020

Humanitarian innovation has rapidly emerged to become central to discussions
about the future of humanitarianism. Innovation practices are framed as a means
by which the humanitarian community can identify the paradigm shift that it
needs to survive in a rapidly changing world. However, this framing is based on
a misunderstanding of economic theories of innovation and particularly of the
nature of humanitarian economics. The lack of both a true market and a profit
mechanism in the humanitarian industry means that innovations can be generated
but will never be sustained. Unless this obstacle is addressed – perhaps
through emerging networked approaches to economic activity – humanitarian
innovation will continue to be a dead end.
Medical Documentation in Humanitarian Emergencies
Authors: Jafar Anisa Jabeen Nasir
Published: February 2020

Medical documentation poses many challenges in acute emergencies. Time and again,
the reflection of those who manage healthcare during a ‘disaster’
involves some reference to poor, inadequate or even absent documentation. The
reasons for this are manifold, some of which, it is often argued, would be
negated by using technological solutions. Smartphones. Tablets. Laptops.
Networks. Many models exist, and yet we have not reached a status quo whereby
this single aspect of disaster response is fixed. Should we abandon technology
in favour of a traditional paper solution? Perhaps not; however, it seems that
the answer may lie somewhere in between. As simple as the problem might seem on
the surface, its answer requires thought, investment and practice. And while it
is being answered, it is essential to remain mindful of the hazards posed by
gathering healthcare data: who owns it? Where will it be stored? How will it be
shared? Academics and practitioners are equal guests at the table wherein this
challenge is approached.
The history of mesowear: a review
Authors: Ackermans Nicole L.
Published: February 2020

Published mesowear data was reviewed from the year 2000 to November 2019 (211 publications, 707 species, 1,396 data points). Mesowear is a widely applied tooth wear technique that can be used to infer a herbivore’s diet by scoring the height and sharpness of molar tooth cusps with the naked eye. Established as a fast and efficient tool for paleodiet reconstruction, the technique has seen multiple adaptations, simplifications, and extensions since its establishment, which have become complex to follow. The present study reviews all successive changes and adaptations to the mesowear technique in detail, providing a template for the application of each technique to the research question at hand. In addition, the array of species to which mesowear has been applied, along with the equivalent recorded diets have been compiled here in a large dataset. This review provides an insight into the metrics related to mesowear publication since its establishment. The large dataset overviews whether the species to which the various techniques of mesowear are applied are extant or extinct, their phylogenetic classification, their assigned diets and diet stability between studies, as a resource for future research on the topic.
Proteomic similarity of the Littorinid snails in the evolutionary context
Authors: Maltseva Arina L. , Varfolomeeva Marina A. , Lobov Arseniy A. , Tikanova Polina , Panova Marina , Mikhailova Natalia A. , Granovitch Andrei I.
Published: February 2020

Background

The introduction of DNA-based molecular markers made a revolution in biological systematics. However, in cases of very recent divergence events, the neutral divergence may be too slow, and the analysis of adaptive part of the genome is more informative to reconstruct the recent evolutionary history of young species. The advantage of proteomics is its ability to reflect the biochemical machinery of life. It may help both to identify rapidly evolving genes and to interpret their functions.

Methods

Here we applied a comparative gel-based proteomic analysis to several species from the gastropod family Littorinidae. Proteomes were clustered to assess differences related to species, geographic location, sex and body part, using data on presence/absence of proteins in samples and data on protein occurrence frequency in samples of different species. Cluster support was assessed using multiscale bootstrap resampling and the stability of clustering—using cluster-wise index of cluster stability. Taxon-specific protein markers were derived using IndVal method. Proteomic trees were compared to consensus phylogenetic tree (based on neutral genetic markers) using estimates of the Robinson–Foulds distance, the Fowlkes–Mallows index and cophenetic correlation.

Results

Overall, the DNA-based phylogenetic tree and the proteomic similarity tree had consistent topologies. Further, we observed some interesting deviations of the proteomic littorinid tree from the neutral expectations. (1) There were signs of molecular parallelism in twoLittorariaspecies that phylogenetically are quite distant, but live in similar habitats. (2) Proteome divergence was unexpectedly high between very closely relatedLittorina fabalisandL. obtusata, possibly reflecting their ecology-driven divergence. (3) Conservative house-keeping proteins were usually identified as markers for cryptic species groups (“saxatilis” and “obtusata” groups in theLittorinagenus) and for genera (LittorariaandEchinolittorinaspecies pairs), while metabolic enzymes and stress-related proteins (both potentially adaptively important) were often identified as markers supporting species branches. (4) In all fiveLittorinaspecies British populations were separated from the European mainland populations, possibly reflecting their recent phylogeographic history. Altogether our study shows that proteomic data, when interpreted in the context of DNA-based phylogeny, can bring additional information on the evolutionary history of species.
The newly developed genomic-SSR markers uncover the genetic characteristics and relationships of olive accessions
Authors: Li Danyang , Long Cui , Pang Xiaoming , Ning Delu , Wu Tao , Dong Mingliang , Han Xiaoning , Guo Huihong
Published: February 2020

Background

Olive (Olea europaea L.) is an important oil and fruit crop worldwide, owning a rich germplasm with a large number of cultivars. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are excellent markers and have been used for the identification of olive cultivars. However, the limited number of SSR markers and the occurrence of confusion on the names of cultivars, as well as the possible appearance of clonal variation make it difficult to identify cultivars and interpret relationships among olive cultivars.

Method

SSR markers were designed based on trinucleotide repeat sequences by screening the whole genome of olive, and the polymorphic SSR markers were developed that were applied to the identification of 53 olive accessions. The genetic characteristics and relationships of these olive accessions were evaluated based on the developed SSR markers.

Results

Twenty-one highly polymorphic genomic-SSR markers were developed, covering most chromosomes of olive. These SSR markers could well distinguish all 53 olive accessions, confirming their effectiveness. DNA fingerprints of the 53 olive accessions were constructed based on the 21 SSR markers. The dendrogram clearly divided the tested accessions into two main groups, which was also supported by the results of principal coordinate analysis. A total of 31 private alleles were detected in 15 olive accessions, which reflected the genetic diversity within 53 olive accessions to some extent. Six homonymy cases were also clarified by genetic analysis. These results suggest that the newly developed olive SSR markers are informative for the exploitation, preservation and breeding of olive.
Audiogram in Response to Stimulation Delivered to Fluid Applied to the External Meatus
Authors: Geal-Dor Miriam , Chordekar Shai , Adelman Cahtia , Kaufmann-Yehezkely Michal , Sohmer Haim
Published: February 2020

Background and Objectives: Hearing can be elicited in response to vibratory stimuli delivered to fluid in the external auditory meatus. To obtain a complete audiogram in subjects with normal hearing in response to pure tone vibratory stimuli delivered to fluid applied to the external meatus.Subjects and Methods: Pure tone vibratory stimuli in the audiometric range from 0.25 to 6.0 kHz were delivered to fluid applied to the external meatus of eight participants with normal hearing (15 dB or better) using a rod attached to a standard clinical bone vibrator. The fluid thresholds obtained were compared to the air conduction (AC), bone conduction (BC; mastoid), and soft tissue conduction (STC; neck) thresholds in the same subjects.Results: Fluid stimulation thresholds were obtained at every frequency in each subject. The fluid and STC (neck) audiograms sloped down at higher frequencies, while the AC and BC audiograms were flat. It is likely that the fluid stimulation audiograms did not involve AC mechanisms or even, possibly, osseous BC mechanisms.Conclusions: The thresholds elicited in response to the fluid in the meatus likely reflect a form of STC and may result from excitation of the inner ear by the vibrations induced in the fluid. The sloping fluid audiograms may reflect transmission pathways that are less effective at higher frequencies.
Utilization of Telang Leaf Meal as Antioxidant Source in Feed of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Andriani Yuli , Ericson Muhammad Donny , . Junianto , . Rosidah
Published: February 2020

Aims: This study aimed to determine the effective percentage of telang leaf meal on feed to increase antioxidant levels in tilapia liver feed.

Study Design: A total of 12 aquariums with sizes 60 x 40 x 40 cm3and volume 96 L prepared and filled with 30 L water. Heater was installed and the temperature was raised slowly until it reached 34℃. Feed in the form of a mixture of telang leaf flour and commercial feed was given 3 times a day according to treatment and with the provisions of 3% of body weight of fish per day. Analysis of antioxidant levels was analyzed from the content of the superoxide dismutase enzyme as an antioxidant bioindicator in the body of the fish.

Place and Duration of Study: The cultivation was carried out at Ciparanje Hatchery and Fisheries Area, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran and Dismutase Superoxide Level Analysis was carried out at the Central Laboratory of Universitas Padjadjaran in June and July 2019.

Methodology: This research was carried out by giving high temperatures as a source of stress, for 40 days. Tilapia were given a mixture of telang leaf meal as a source of anti-oxidants. At the end of research, Test liver fish taken superoxide dismutase levels were observed and analyzed descriptively. Daily growth and survival rate of fish were analysed using F test at 5% level, and if there were significant differences, Duncan's test was performed.

Results: By giving heat stress continuously for 40 days the result is obtained the highest average superoxide dismutase level in treatment B (telang leaf meal 5%) as much -0.92 inhibition and lowest in treatment D (telang leaf meal 15%). A decrease in SOD levels identifies a decrease in antioxidant activity in the body of Tilapia. Daily growth rate obtained showed no significant difference. The fish will continue to grow but not as rapidly, because tilapia utilize protein up to 40% of commercial feed used to repair cells damaged during stressful periods and as a source of energy. Survival of fish decreases with increasing concentration of telang leaf flour, where the feed given has been mixed and resulted in the fish's response to the feed decreases, consequently not only the fish adapted to the environment, fish also adapt to new types of feed.

Conclusion: Based on the results of research that has been done then conclusions can be drawn that the addition of telang leaf mealup to 15% in commercial feed by giving heat stress since the beginning of the culture period does not provide an effect of increasing antioxidant levels.
Assessment of Risk Behaviors for HIV Infection among Undergraduate Students at a Historically Black University
Authors: Andrew Prince Onyekachi , Bhuiyan Azad , Sung Jung Hye , Mawson Anthony , Shahbazi Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Aims: This study aimed to assess and compare risk behaviors for HIV Infection among undergraduate students by gender at a historically black university.

Study Design: A cross-sectional survey.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted from January 10, 2016 to September 30, 2016. Participants were selected through convenience sampling among undergraduate students of Jackson State University (JSU).

Methodology: Sample: We included 400 undergraduate students (141 males, 259 females; age range 18-57 years). Data were collected using a validated self-administered standardized questionnaire that was designed to measure their risk behaviors for HIV Infection.

Results: Over seventy five percent of undergraduate students in this study have had at least one risk behavior related to HIV infection transmission. The engagement of these students in HIV sexual risk behaviors were not varied by gender (Chi-square test = 2.76; P = 0.1). However, participants engaged in various risk behaviors related to HIV infection transmission such as multiple sexual partners, unprotected sexual intercourse, low and inconsistent condom use.

Conclusion: We concluded that about 75.8% of the students have had at least one risk behavior related to HIV infection and engaged in various risk behaviors related to HIV infection transmission. The engagement of these students in HIV sexual risk behaviors were not varied by gender. This investigation calls for sustained effective youth appealing interventions tailored toward addressing various risk behaviors identified in this study.
Zero Trans Fats
Authors: List Gary R.
Published: February 2020

Trans fat nutrition labeling has revolutionized the food industry. Catalytic hydrogenation has been the backbone of the edible industry for decades. However, significant amounts of trans fatty acids (TFAs) are formed through isomerization of double bonds within the triacylgylcerols. Since dietary fats including TFAs, saturated fatty acids, and cholesterol have been implicated as having adverse effects on blood serum cholesterol levels, risk factors for coronary heart disease and numerous other diseases and afflictions may be increased. This article reviews the processing technologies developed in response to the Nutrition Education Labeling Act (NELA) enacted by the Congress in 1990 and the final TFA rule of 2003.
Complement evasion by the human respiratory tract pathogens Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis
Authors: Riesbeck Kristian
Published: February 2020

All infective bacterial species need to conquer the innate immune system in order to colonize and survive in their hosts. The human respiratory pathogens Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis are no exceptions and have developed sophisticated mechanisms to evade complement‐mediated killing. Both bacterial species carry lipooligosaccharides preventing complement attacks and attract and utilize host complement regulators C4b binding protein and factor H to inhibit the classical and alternative pathways of complement activation, respectively. In addition, the regulator of the terminal pathway of complement activation, vitronectin, is hijacked by both bacteria. An array of different outer membrane proteins (OMP) in H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis simultaneously binds complement regulators, but also plasminogen. Several of the bacterial complement‐binding proteins are important adhesins and contain highly conserved regions for interactions with the host. Thus, some of the OMP are viable targets for new therapeutics, including vaccines aimed at preventing respiratory tract diseases such as otitis media in children and exacerbations in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Independent review of 4DCT scans used for SABR treatment planning
Authors: Antony Rachitha , Lonski Peta , Ungureanu Elena , Hardcastle Nicholas , Yeo Adam , Siva Shankar , Kron Tomas
Published: February 2020

Four‐dimensional computerized tomography (4DCT) is required for stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) of mobile targets to account for tumor motion during treatment planning and delivery. In this study, we report on the impact of an image review quality assurance process performed prior to treatment planning by medical physicists for 4DCT scans used for SABR treatment. Reviews were performed of 211 4DCT scans (193 patients) over a 3‐yr period (October 2014 to October 2017). Treatment sites included lung (n = 168), kidney/adrenal/adrenal gland (n = 12), rib (n = 4), mediastinum (n = 10), liver (n = 2), T‐spine (n = 1), and other abdominal sites (n = 14). It was found that in 23% (n = 49) of cases patient management was altered due to the review process. The most frequent intervention involved patient‐specific contouring advice (n = 35 cases, 17%) including adjustment of internal target volume (ITV) margins. In 13 cases (6%) a rescan was requested due to extensive motion artifact rendering the scan inadequate for SABR treatment planning. 4DCT review by medical physicists was found to be an effective method to improve plan quality for SABR.
2D Percolation Design with Conductive Microparticles for Low‐Strain Detection in a Stretchable Sensor
Authors: Hwang Hyejin , Kim Yohann , Park Jae‐Hoon , Jeong Unyong
Published: February 2020

Although a variety of stretchable strain sensors based on electrical percolation have been reported, stretchable sensors detecting low strains have been rarely demonstrated. This is because large stretchability of a strain sensor conflicts with high strain resolution at low strains. Here, the electrical percolation into 2D is confined and a strain sensor that is highly sensitive at low strains and simultaneously highly stretchable is presented. The 2D confinement of the electrical percolation is accomplished by a close‐packed monolayer assembly of conductive microparticles (MPs) on an elastomer substrate. The current profiles of the MP monolayer at low strains are in situ visualized using conductive atomic force microscopy. When the lattice of the MP monolayer is aligned vertically to the strain direction, the resistance is highly sensitive to low‐strain deformations (ε = 0 – 0.05), but the sensor has reasonable stretchability (ε = 0.3). The simultaneous achievement of the high sensitivity at low strains and the reasonable stretchability is explained by the relationship between the strain‐dependent current profile and the relative position changes of the MPs. A high‐precision pulse sensor clearly showing the representative peaks is demonstrated.
Evolving Technologies and Strategies for Combating Antibacterial Resistance in the Advent of the Postantibiotic Era
Authors: Şen Karaman Didem , Ercan Utku Kürşat , Bakay Emel , Topaloğlu Nermin , Rosenholm Jessica M.
Published: February 2020

The threats posed by the impending “postantibiotic era” have put forward urgent challenges to be overcome by providing new diagnostic and therapeutic regimes for improved diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance and incurable bacterial infections are especially important in a society faced with rapid demographic changes. With very few new antibiotics in the drug development pipeline, not being able to match the pace of antimicrobial resistance evolution, developments within other fields such as materials sciences and medical technologies are required to realize innovative antibacterial approaches. This progress report presents recent advances in especially nanotechnology‐based approaches and their concomitant use with complementary antibacterial treatments. Synergistically improved antibacterial activity can be reached by considering novel, promising approaches such as photodynamic and photothermal therapy as well as cold atmospheric pressure treatments as complementary strategies to fight against antibacterial resistance. Moreover, this report describes how these novel technologies can be further improved especially by integration of nanomaterials into the currently applied single modal strategies against bacterial infections.
Nonlinear Work Function Tuning of Lead‐Halide Perovskites by MXenes with Mixed Terminations
Authors: Di Vito Alessia , Pecchia Alessandro , Auf der Maur Matthias , Di Carlo Aldo
Published: February 2020

MXenes are a recent family of 2D materials with very interesting electronic properties for device applications. One very appealing feature is the wide range of work functions shown by these materials, depending on their composition and surface terminations, that can be exploited to adjust band alignments between different material layers. In this work, based on density functional theory calculations, how mixed terminations of F, OH, and/or O affect the work function of Ti3C2 MXene is analyzed in detail, covering the whole phase‐space of mixtures. The Ti3C2/CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite coupled system for solar cell applications is also analyzed. A strong nonlinear behavior is found when varying the relative concentrations of OH, O, and F terminations, with the strongest effect of the OH groups in lowering the work function, already at a relative amount of 25%. A surprising minimum work function is found for relative OH:O fraction of 75:25, explained in terms of the nonlinear electronic response in screening the surface dipoles.
Omniphobic ZIF‐8@Hydrogel Membrane by Microfluidic‐Emulsion‐Templating Method for Wound Healing
Authors: Yao Xiaoxue , Zhu Guoshuai , Zhu Pingan , Ma Jing , Chen Wenwen , Liu Zhou , Kong Tiantian
Published: February 2020

Bacterial adhesion and colonization can result in chronic non‐healing wounds. Current hydrophilic wound dressings can release antibacterial agents into the wound exudate, but may result in overhydrated wounds, bacterial overgrowth, and even tissue maceration. Hydrophobic dressings are anti‐fouling, though ineffective to encapsulate and release bactericidal agents. Combining the advantages of hydrophilic and hydrophobic dressings seems difficult, until the development of superwettability surfaces offers an opportunity for omniphobic dressings from intrinsic hydrophilic polymers. Herein, omniphobic porous hydrogel wound dressings loaded with a zinc imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF‐8) are fabricated by a microfluidic‐emulsion‐templating method. The fabricated porous hydrogel membrane with its reentrant architecture is repellent to blood and body fluids, though intrinsically hydrophilic. This unique combination not only reduces the adhesion of harmful microbes, but also enables the encapsulation and release of antibacterial ingredients to wounded sites from hydrophilic polymer networks. As such, the omniphobic metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs)@hydrogel porous wound dressing can inhibit bacteria invasion and enable the controlled release of the bactericidal, anti‐inflammatory, and nontoxic zinc ions. Furthermore, in vivo study of infected full‐thickness skin defect models demonstrates that the dressing also accelerates wound closure by promoting angiogenesis and collagen deposition. Therefore, the omniphobic MOFs@hydrogel porous wound dressings are potentially useful for clinical application.
Direct 3D Printed Biomimetic Scaffolds Based on Hydrogel Microparticles for Cell Spheroid Growth
Authors: Zhang Hua , Cong Yang , Osi Amarachi Rosemary , Zhou Yang , Huang Fangcheng , Zaccaria Remo P. , Chen Jing , Wang Rong , Fu Jun
Published: February 2020

Biocompatible hydrogel inks with shear‐thinning, appropriate yield strength, and fast self‐healing are desired for 3D bioprinting. However, the lack of ideal 3D bioprinting inks with outstanding printability and high structural fidelity, as well as cell‐compatibility, has hindered the progress of extrusion‐based 3D bioprinting for tissue engineering. In this study, novel self‐healable pre‐cross‐linked hydrogel microparticles (pcHμPs) of chitosan methacrylate (CHMA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hybrid hydrogels are developed and used as bioinks for extrusion‐based 3D printing of scaffolds with high fidelity and biocompatibility. The pcHμPs display excellent shear thinning when injected through a syringe and subsequently self‐heal into gels as shear forces are removed. Numerical simulations indicate that the pcHμPs experience a plug flow in the nozzle with minimal disturbance, which favors a steady and continuous printing. Moreover, the pcHμPs show a self‐supportive yield strength (540 Pa), which is critical for the fidelity of printed constructs. A series of biomimetic constructs with very high aspect ratio and delicate fine structures are directly printed by using the pcHμP ink. The 3D printed scaffolds support the growth of bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells and formation of cell spheroids, which are most important for tissue engineering.
Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries with an In‐Built Solid‐State Polymer Electrolyte and a High Voltage/Loading Ni‐Rich Layered Cathode
Authors: Zhao Chen‐Zi , Zhao Qing , Liu Xiaotun , Zheng Jingxu , Stalin Sanjuna , Zhang Qiang , Archer Lynden A.
Published: February 2020

Solid‐state batteries enabled by solid‐state polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are under active consideration for their promise as cost‐effective platforms that simultaneously support high‐energy and safe electrochemical energy storage. The limited oxidative stability and poor interfacial charge transport in conventional polymer electrolytes are well known, but difficult challenges must be addressed if high‐voltage intercalating cathodes are to be used in such batteries. Here, ether‐based electrolytes are in situ polymerized by a ring‐opening reaction in the presence of aluminum fluoride (AlF3) to create SPEs inside LiNi0.6Co0.2 Mn0.2O2 (NCM) || Li batteries that are able to overcome both challenges. AlF3 plays a dual role as a Lewis acid catalyst and for the building of fluoridized cathode–electrolyte interphases, protecting both the electrolyte and aluminum current collector from degradation reactions. The solid‐state NCM || Li metal batteries exhibit enhanced specific capacity of 153 mAh g−1 under high areal capacity of 3.0 mAh cm−2. This work offers an important pathway toward solid‐state polymer electrolytes for high‐voltage solid‐state batteries.
Pros and Cons: Magnetic versus Optical Microrobots
Authors: Sitti Metin , Wiersma Diederik S.
Published: February 2020

Mobile microrobotics has emerged as a new robotics field within the last decade to create untethered tiny robots that can access and operate in unprecedented, dangerous, or hard‐to‐reach small spaces noninvasively toward disruptive medical, biotechnology, desktop manufacturing, environmental remediation, and other potential applications. Magnetic and optical actuation methods are the most widely used actuation methods in mobile microrobotics currently, in addition to acoustic and biological (cell‐driven) actuation approaches. The pros and cons of these actuation methods are reported here, depending on the given context. They can both enable long‐range, fast, and precise actuation of single or a large number of microrobots in diverse environments. Magnetic actuation has unique potential for medical applications of microrobots inside nontransparent tissues at high penetration depths, while optical actuation is suitable for more biotechnology, lab‐/organ‐on‐a‐chip, and desktop manufacturing types of applications with much less surface penetration depth requirements or with transparent environments. Combining both methods in new robot designs can have a strong potential of combining the pros of both methods. There is still much progress needed in both actuation methods to realize the potential disruptive applications of mobile microrobots in real‐world conditions.
Design of Optimized PEDOT‐Based Electrodes for Enhancing Performance of Living Photovoltaics Based on Phototropic Bacteria
Authors: Reggente Melania , Politi Sara , Antonucci Alessandra , Tamburri Emanuela , Boghossian Ardemis A.
Published: February 2020

Living photovoltaics represent a growing class of microbial devices that are based on whole cell–electrode interactions. The limited charge transfer at the cell–electrode interface represents a significant bottleneck in realizing an efficient technology. This study focuses on the development of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)‐based electrodes that are electrosynthesized in the presence of a sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) dopant. Potentiodynamic and potentiostatic electrochemical techniques, as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, and theoretical modelling of the electropolymerization transient, are employed to create and characterize PEDOT electrodes under various conditions. The electrodes are able to capture photosynthetically derived current under multiple light–dark cycles when interfaced with Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. In the presence of the Synechocystis, the PEDOT electrodes show a sixfold and twofold enhancement over conventional graphite electrodes for both mediatorless and K3Fe(CN)6‐mediated conditions, respectively. The ability of these electrodes to enhance extracted photocurrent for both direct and indirect electron transfer mechanisms provides a versatile platform for improving various microbial devices.
Utilization of Synergistic Effect of Dimension‐Differentiated Hierarchical Nanomaterials for Transparent and Flexible Wireless Communicational Elements
Authors: Sun Xiao , Liu Houfang , Qiu Haochuan , Jia Xiufeng , Ma Yiheng , Liu Kaihui , Yu Jierui , Hu Dongdong , Tan Congwei , Yi Fang , Fu Jun , Peng Hailin , Wei Di , Ren Tian‐Ling , Liu Zhongfan
Published: February 2020

The demand of emerging transparent and flexible wireless electronic devices is ever‐increasing for Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios, like noninvasive healthcare, real‐time wearable electronics, etc. However, as an essential part of the IoT wireless communicational devices, radio frequency (RF) antennas are still hampered by poor‐flexibility, low‐conductivity, and weak‐transparency. Here, based on the unique electronic and optical properties of graphene, a method to obtain these appealing features concurrently through promoting synergistic effect between two‐dimensional (2D) and one‐dimensional (1D) materials is studied. It is found that this method could not only successfully maintain transparency and flexibility, but also greatly enhance the overall performance of the antenna. The fabricated antenna exhibits a 75% light transmittance, from 5.6 to 12.8 GHz ultrawide bandwidth and outstanding durability and stability. Moreover, a transparent and flexible radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is also designed and demonstrated with a remarkable reading distance. These findings show that the method by promoting synergistic effect of hybrid materials has great potential in the design of next generation novel and high‐performance wireless electronics.