bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Common Law v. Civil Law in International Arbitration: The Beginning or the End?
Authors: Berger Klaus Peter
Published: March 2022

The presentation of the Prague Rules on the Efficient Conduct of Proceedings in International Arbitration on 14 December 2018 has revived the age-old debate about the existence of a common law-civil law divide in international arbitration. This article examines the impact of the Prague Rules on the transnational paradigm of international arbitral procedure, clarifies their nature as an alternative repository of state-of-the-art techniques to save time and costs in the conduct of international arbitrations, and suggests to give up the traditional distinctions, which are rooted in domestic legal systems.
The Good Faith Principle in the Context of the Enforcement of New York Convention Awards: An Analysis of Hong Kongs Position in Light of the Apparently Conflicting Court Decisions
Authors: Ye Alex
Published: March 2022

In the recent landmark case Astro v. Lippo, the Hong Kong Court of Appeal adopted an approach of applying the good faith principle in the context of the enforcement of New York Convention awards that departed from the previous approach adopted by the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal in the Hebei case. This article aims to ascertain Hong Kong’s position on the good faith principle in the situation that led to the apparently conflicting approaches. This is concerned with the situation where an award-debtor could have raised, but failed to raise, objections to challenge the award before the supervisory courts of the seat of arbitration, but applies to resist enforcement of the award before the enforcing court.

This article argues that the apparently conflicting approaches should be reconciled by differentiating the grounds of resisting enforcement between jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional grounds. In the author’s view, the good faith principle is not applicable if the ground for objection relates to jurisdiction. The award-debtor can still seek resisting enforcement on jurisdictional grounds before the enforcing court. If the ground does not relate to jurisdiction, a breach of good faith would be established. The award-debtor would then be precluded from raising the relevant points (i.e., factual foundation) relating to the grounds of resisting enforcement that it could have, but did not raise at the supervisory courts of the seat before the enforcing court.
Navigating Through Corruption and Money Laundering in International Arbitration: A Toolkit for Arbitrators and Counsel
Authors: Betz Kathrin , Darwazeh Nadia , Bonifassi Stéphane , Pieth Mark
Published: March 2022

Arbitral tribunals and counsel have to address corruption and money laundering with ever increasing frequency in both commercial and investment arbitration. In light of the growing regulation and awareness in this area, as well as the risk that an award may not be enforceable, arbitrators can no longer shy away from dealing with corruption and money laundering. Since no clear guidelines were available to arbitrators and counsel in the past, it was more often than not a daunting task to work through such complex issues. Earlier this year, the Competence Centre for Arbitration and Crime of the University of Basel and the Basel Institute on Governance published a Toolkit that will assist arbitrators and counsel in navigating through issues of corruption and money laundering. In this article, the authors, who were closely involved in the conception and drafting of the Toolkit, share the background and the aims of the Toolkit and provide a brief overview of its workings.
Ravelli v. Digitsteel Integrated Services Ltd.: Does the Arbitration and Conciliation Act Preclude the Arbitration of Employment Disputes in Nigeria?
Authors: Ikeyi Nduka , Onyeabor Emmanuel
Published: March 2022

The long title of Nigeria’s Arbitration Act describes the Act as ‘a unified framework for the fair and efficient settlement of commercial disputes by arbitration’. Section 57(1) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act (ACA) does not include the National Industrial Court of Nigeria (NIC or ‘the court’) in its definition of ‘court’. (The NIC is a specialized High Court with exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine labour and employment disputes.) Relying on the provisions of section 57(1) of the ACA, the NIC in Ravelli v. Digitsteel Integrated Services Ltd. recently held that it is not enabled to apply the ACA, and further that the ACA does not apply to employment disputes. Accordingly, the NIC refused to assist the applicant to give effect to an arbitration agreement contained in an employment contract. This case comment reviews the decision in the Ravelli case and contends that, based upon a different rationale, the NIC might have taken jurisdiction to consider, and perhaps grant, the application.

Arbitration, employment dispute, trade dispute, Arbitration and Conciliation Act, Trade Disputes Act, National Industrial Court of Nigeria, jurisdiction, employment contract, arbitration agreement, Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria
Transnational Coordination of Setting Aside and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards – A New Treaty and Approach to Reconciling the Choice of Remedies Concept, the Judgment Route, and the Approaches to Enforcing Awards Set Aside?
Authors: Landbrecht Johannes , R. Wehowsky Andreas
Published: March 2022

The rendering of a final arbitral award can be the starting signal for a multiplicity of state court proceedings. Not all of those will be illegitimate, for instance if an award creditor needs to commence several enforcement proceedings in order to enforce the whole award. More critical, however, and more likely to invite abuse, is the relationship of setting aside and enforcement. Where an award debtor fails to request that an award be set aside, or fails to raise grounds for setting aside, or loses setting aside proceedings, should this award debtor be allowed to rely on those very same grounds again in subsequent enforcement proceedings? Or in turn, if the award is set aside, should the award creditor be allowed to enforce it? All this raises questions of how to coordinate setting aside and enforcement. While coordination mechanisms exist under domestic law, it is submitted that coordination at the transnational level leaves much to be desired. We will therefore take critical inventory of the current level of coordination at the domestic and the New York Convention level, assessing its respective strengths and weaknesses, also in light of well-known doctrines such as the choice of remedies concept and the judgment route. We will then propose wording for a new international treaty, complementing the New York Convention, to improve coordination of setting aside and enforcement and discuss the feasibility of such a project.
Per arbitrum ad astra
Authors: Frohloff Jan
Published: March 2022

‘Non est ad astra mollis e terris via’ – there is no easy passage from the Earth to the stars. Along the way, parties engaged in space activities might find themselves entangled in disputes. To facilitate the efficient settlement of such disputes, the Permanent Court of Arbitration has introduced the Optional Rules for Arbitration of Disputes Relating to Outer Space Activities. This article describes the key features of this special set of arbitration rules and how it supplements international space law and space disputes, so that the parties through arbitration can continue their journey to the stars.
Admissibility of Electronic Awards in the UNCITRAL Model Law Jurisdiction: Polish Law Example
Authors: Kalisz Beata Gessel- Kalinowska Vel
Published: March 2022

The author examines whether an award signed electronically can be deemed to constitute an award in writing as provided for in Article 31 of the UNCITRAL Model Law, which is reflected verbatim in article 1197 of the Polish Civil Code. The conclusion is that an electronic signature as such is functionally equivalent to the written signature. Having said that, not all types of electronic signature can be admitted in this respect. The eIDAS Regulation (Regulation 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council on electronic identification and trust services) provides for three types of electronic signature: regular, advanced, and qualified, stating that the qualified signature should be deemed as equivalent to the written signature. The author is of the opinion that both the advanced and qualified electronic signatures fulfil the requirements of the form ‘in writing’, ensuring the safeguards as listed in article 26 of the Regulation. Specifically: it is uniquely linked to the signatory; it is capable of identifying the signatory; it is created using electronic signature creation data that the signatory can, with a high level of confidence, use under his sole control; and it is linked to the data signed therewith in such a way that any subsequent change in the data is detectable.

arbitration, form of acts in law, arbitration award, electronic form, UNCITRAL model law, electronic signature, eIDAS Regulation
Is Arbitration Helping or Hindering the Protection of the Environment and Public Health?
Authors: Granier Thomas , Grierson Jacob , Karsenti Sacha
Published: March 2022

On the occasion of the sixth edition of the Casablanca Arbitration Days, some leading arbitration practitioners from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and further afield convened to discuss an important and topical issue: ‘is arbitration helping or hindering the protection of the environment and public health?’. This conference examined the various areas where arbitration and the protection of the environment and public health interface. First, from a substantive view point, it is clear that environmental issues have become prevalent in commercial arbitration and that the latter has proven to be well suited to resolve such issues. Secondly, while some steps have already been taken in this respect, the climate change crisis requires the international arbitration community to change its ways and arbitrate in a much more environmentally friendly way. Thirdly, amidst the progressive emergence of environmental issues in investment arbitration and the responses that have already been provided by investment treaty arbitral tribunals, numerous uncertainties remain in respect of the way in which environmental issues should be treated. There is no doubt that environmental issues will give rise to intense debates before investment tribunals (and courts) and in legal literature in the near future. Finally, in addition to the protection of the environment, the arbitration community has already begun addressing (and, we would submit, successfully so) the substantive and procedural issues related to the protection of public health, in particular as a result of the COVID-19 global pandemic. This article provides an account of what was said about these various topics during this edition of the Casablanca Arbitration Days.

Arbitration, Environment, Public health, Climate, Challenges, Digitalization, Disputes, Commercial, Investment, COVID-19
The Advance on Costs in Arbitration: Reimbursement of Substituted Payment
Authors: Williams Thomas , Durrani Ahmed , Singh Umang
Published: March 2022

This article explores the issues arising from the refusal of a respondent to pay its share of the advance on costs in an arbitration, the claimant’s substituted payment in respect of it, and the claimant’s entitlement to immediate reimbursement by the respondent before the final award is rendered and costs are allocated. The article will discuss the position under various institutional rules and draw a comparative analysis between them. It will also explore the legal basis of a claim for reimbursement, consider the approach that arbitral tribunals should adopt when granting relief, and examine a recent partial award in a Doha-seated International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) arbitration which ordered the immediate reimbursement of a substituted payment of the advance on costs.

arbitration, advance on costs, substituted payment, immediate reimbursement, award, order
To Stay or Not to Stay? A Clash of Arbitration and Insolvency Regimes
Authors: Chan Darius , Rajagopal Sidharrth
Published: March 2022

In the wake of the global Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a rise in creditorinitiated winding-up proceedings is likely to be impending in coming years (See e.g., RCMA Asia Pte. Ltd. v. Sun Electric Power Pte. Ltd. [2020] SGHC 205). At the same time, geopolitical developments, such as the scale and ambition of Belt & Road Initiative projects, have raised questions over the issue of debt sustainability. Given the prevalence of arbitration clauses in modern international commercial and project agreements, the interplay and relationship between insolvency and dispute resolution, and especially arbitration, requires careful attention. While the intersections between the arbitration and insolvency regimes are numerous and multi-faceted, (Jennifer Permesly et al. ‘IBA Toolkit on Insolvency and Arbitration’ International Bar Association (March 2021), www.ibanet.org/LPD/Dispute_Resolution_Section/ Arbitration/toolkit-arbitration-insolvency.aspx (accessed 18 April 2021) the impact of an arbitration clause on winding-up petitions has attracted recent case law. The English, Hong Kong, and Singapore courts have each taken differing approaches to the question of how to deal with winding-up petitions presented over disputed debts that are subject to an arbitration clause. On one end of the spectrum, the Hong Kong courts currently appear to prefer a relatively more creditor-friendly approach. On the other hand, the Singapore Court of Appeal recently laid down a relatively more debtor-friendly approach. Undertaking a comparative analysis of the approaches taken by different common law jurisdiction, this article argues that the Singapore Court of Appeal’s approach is preferable. However, at least for courts in United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law jurisdictions (or jurisdictions where the mandatory stay regime of the Model Law is adopted), they ought to find that a disputed debt subject to an arbitration clause falls within the scope of the mandatory stay regime under the Model Law. This article further suggests a possible way in which the approach of the Singapore Court of Appeal can be reconciled with the mandatory stay regime under Singapore’s enactment of the Model Law.

mandatory stay, triable issues, Salford, standard of review. insolvency, VTB, Lasmos, prima facie, Tomolugen
Due Diligence in International Investment Law
Authors: Burgstaller Markus , Risso Giorgio
Published: March 2022

The obligation to exercise due diligence – which is commonly understood as the degree of care that is legally required or that is to be reasonably expected – emerged in international law in the seventeenth century to mediate inter-State relations. Due diligence then developed throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in the context of the protection of aliens. Against this background, the article analyses the obligation to exercise due diligence in international investment law. The analysis shows that due diligence plays an important role in several aspects of the protection of foreign investments. First, it is accepted that investors should act with due diligence to: (1) benefit from the standards of protection set out in investment treaties; and (2) ensure compliance with host State law. Second, host States are expected to exercise due diligence with regard to substantive standards of protection, particularly the full protection and security (FPS) standard. While investment tribunals have clearly identified the scope of investors’ and host States’ due diligence, there is no conclusive indication as to the precise requirements to comply with the obligation to exercise due diligence.

Due diligence, fair and equitable treatment standard, legitimate expectations, host State law, full protection and security standard
The ACICA Arbitration Rules 2021: Advancing Australia’s Pro-Arbitration Culture
Authors: Nottage Luke , Tang Robert , Dreosti Julia
Published: March 2022

This article compares the new Rules of the Australian Centre for International Commercial Arbitration (ACICA) with ACICA’s 2016 Rules and those of other arbitration institutions, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. It shows how the revisions help to minimize formalization and promote efficiencies, arguably essential for arbitration’s legitimacy given that many of arbitration’s design features are traded off for an attenuated model of the rule of the law, according to a recent analysis by Singapore’s Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon. The article explains new ACICA Rules aimed at reducing costs and delays, including measures to deepen digitalization of arbitration following the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) pandemic and to reduce the consent-based limitations inherent in arbitration, especially for multi-party and multi-contract disputes. Other new provisions include time limits for awards, and reference to mediation, although not ultimately hybrid Arb-Med. The article also examines how the Rules balance confidentiality with transparency, including new provisions for disclosure of third-party funding. It concludes by reiterating how the 2021 ACICA Rules help meet the expectations of international arbitration users and practitioners, according to recent surveys, and link to possible further reforms to underpin Australia’s increasingly pro-arbitration culture.

international commercial arbitration, Rules, Australia, Asia-Pacific, remote hearings, confidentiality, third-party funding, law reform, costs and delays
Mediating role of Emotional Intelligence between Transformational Leadership, Employees Task Performance and OCB
Authors: Khan Hamid , Javeed Aziz , Khan M. Saqib , U Din Siraj
Published: March 2022

The changes in higher education system has created new demands for professional who performs leadership roles and the need for knowledge has also been increased how to deals with the transformed institutions. The current study tries to link the relationship between Transformational Leadership and employees job performance attitudes (Task performance and OCB) with mediating role of emotional intelligence. In this regard data was collected from private and public sector universities in Khyber Paktoonkhwa. Data was analyzed through CFA via AMOS and media tion analysis was performed through Preacher and Hayes statistical procedure. Results reveal that Transformationalleadership has significant association with employee’s task performance and OC Behavior. At the same time emotional intelligence acts as a stronger mediating role in enhancing the relationship between Transformational Leadership and task performance.
Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies among Expatriate Teachers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Syed Azeem Mohammad , Akhtar Nadeem , Mir Ghulam Mustafa
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the perceived level of stressors and coping strategies among the faculty of higher education institutions in Saudi Arabia. The faculty stress index (FSI) and a coping strategies questionnaire were used for the collection of data from faculty members. The FSI has five subscales. The higher the score on each of the subscales, the greater would be the stress experienced and perceived by the respondents. The coping strategies are subdivided into seven subscales. The data was collected from 100 faculty members from various institutions in Saudi Arabia. The findings reveal that faculty members with different job titles are experiencing varying levels of stress on each subscale. Three groups of faculty, assistant professor, lecturers, and instructors were significantly different on a reward & recognition subscale of FSI and regarding their viewpoints on tenure. Some coping strategies are found related considerably with the FSI subscale score. There are a few similar studies on Saudi Arabia in the health sector only. This study contributes to the literature by providing insight into perceived stress in the Higher education sector of Saudi Arabia.
The Responsibilities of Executive Leader at University: A Narrative Study
Authors: Gilani Uzma Syeda , Khan Umar Ali
Published: March 2022

The leadership is the leading and burning issue and solely responsible for the success and failure of all the organizations including the higher education institutions. It is the leadership whose main role is the inspiration and motivation of students towards their curriculum and workforces for the attainment of institutional tasks and responsibilities effectively. The vice-chancellor is the sole academic and the administrative leader of the University. This study narrated the views of selective Vice Chancellors of KP, Pakistan regarding performing their responsibilities.  A structured interview was coded into the responsibility theme and thenconducted face to face interview from each leader at their respective universities. The data was the transcript, compared through the tables and interpreted in the form of conceptual map. The trustworthiness of the study was based on persistent observation, member checking, and debriefing. There were differences in their narrative views regarding their strengths and weakness, hiring eligibility, their point of difficulty of decision making, criticism faced by subordinates from person to person
Researching on penetration process of steel warheads in concrete protectives by using ansys autodyn
Authors: Vu Duc Hieu , Hoang Minh Trinh , Ngo Ngoc Thuy
Published: March 2022

The analysis of penetration of warheads in concrete protective structures is an important part of the study of weapon effects on protective structures. This type of complicated analysis requires that the design loading in the form of a warhead is determined. The characteristic and performance of the protective structure have to be known. To resolve it, there are several ways to find it such as experimental equation or using finite element (FE) analyses. However, it requires the combination of several factors, e.g. development of suitable material models for concrete, enhancement of numerical methodology and affordable high capacity computer systems. Furthermore, warhead penetration has primarily been of interest for the armed forces and military industry, with a large part of the conducted research being classified during considerable time. Hence, the paper is focused on simulating the progress of penetration of a steel warhead into the protective plate.
Study on the effects of bonded-stress between concrete and corroded rebar
Authors: Doan Dinh Thien Vuong , Nguyen Dinh Hung , Dao Duy Kien , Nguyen Thanh Hung
Published: March 2022

In this study, the bond stress between steel bar with a diameter of 12mmand concrete was examined with the effect of different corrosion levels and different concrete grades. A steel bar was inserted in a concrete block with a size of 20x20x20cm. The compressive strength of concrete was 25.6MPa, 35.1MPa, and 44.1MPa. These specimens were soaked into solution NalCl3.5% to accelerate the corrosion process at a different time and corrosion levels. The pull-out test was conducted. Results showed that the bond strength of the corroded steel bar was higher than that predicted from CEB-FIP [1]. Slip displacement and the range of slip displacement at the bond strength were reduced when the concrete compressive strength was increased.
Design interaction diagrams for reinforced concrete circular columns following ACI 319-19
Authors: Vo Thien Minh , Vo Thanh Tung
Published: March 2022

The procedure for creating interaction diagrams for reinforced-concrete circular crosssections, based on ACI 318-19, is described in thepaper. The algorithm is generated based on mathematical tools Mathcad Prime. The author would like to introduce algorithms to thecompany designs, engineers build an evaluation method column bearing capacity of the circular cross-section. The obtained results are compared with a conventional method (ie, the computer software SP‐Column). The obtained results are promising, as the values obtained by the Interaction Charts and the conventional method appear to be in good agreement.
PENGARUH UMUR PERUSAHAAN, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, LIKUIDITAS DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP KETEPATAN WAKTU PENYAMPAIAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN PADA MASA COVID-19
Authors: Putri Siti Yusina Utami , Wahyudi Ickhsanto
Published: March 2022

The purpose of carrying out this research is to be able to identify and test various factors that can influence factors in influencing accuracy when providing financial reports for public companies in Indonesia during the pandemic period. The method used in this research is through logistic regression analysis. This analysis will be assisted by using statistical application tools. The results of this study found that there is a simultaneous influence that comes from profitability, liquidity, company age and also the size of the company to the timeliness in submitting financial statements belonging to property companies that have been registered by property companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. There is a positive influence given by the age of the company to the delivery of the company's financial statements. In contrast to the size of the company, where this has a negative influence on the accuracy in submitting the company's financial statements. The liquidity and profitability have no influence at all on the submission of financial statements in a company.
On ‘being collective’: A patchwork conversation with Somsook Boonyabancha on poverty, collective land tenure and Thailand’s Baan Mankong programme
Authors: Perez-Castro Brenda , Boonyabancha Somsook
Published: March 2022

Understanding rent struggles as encompassing a wide array of social relations and processes, RHJ Editors decided to include a conversation in this issue that explores collective ownership and alternative modes of land tenure. We view questions about alternative modes of housing production and ownership as key in rethinking the foundation of landlord and tenant relationships and traditional forms of housing tenure more broadly. In this conversation, Brenda Pérez-Castro, who works at the Asian Coalition for Housing Rights (ACHR) secretariat in Bangkok and the former director of the Community Organizations Development Institute (CODI) in Thailand, Somsook Boonyabancha, discuss how notions of collectivity emerge and operate as a protection from market enclosure. Based on Boonyabancha’s vast experience within the Baan Mankong programme and beyond, she reflects on the role of collectiveness in wider social processes, and discusses the challenges of different social actors, including the state, in strengthening collective action that support housing security.
Implementasi Penagihan Utang Pajak Terhadap Barang Yang Dikecualikan Dari Lelang Dengan Pemblokiran Rekening
Authors: Dimas Dimas , Putri Disya Angger Wening , Simanjuntak Endang Natania , Irawan Ferry
Published: March 2022

Taxes have a very vital role in financing national development. Taxes are the largest source of state revenue. Blocking is one of the tax collection actions carried out as an effort to collect tax receivables. However, in its implementation, there are obstacles regarding the differences in policies and understanding between taxation and banking regulations. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of tax collection by blocking and its compliance with taxation and banking regulations. This qualitative study uses library research methods and interviews. The data will be explained by descriptive analysis methods. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that blocking the taxpayer's account is the most effective action in collecting tax receivables. Blocking taxpayer accounts does not violate customer privacy because banks do not block unilaterally and are carried out according to applicable procedures.
Pajak memiliki peranan yang sangat vital dalam pembiayaan pembangunan nasional. Pajak menjadi pemasukan Negara yang terbesar. Pemblokiran menjadi salah satu tindakan penagihan pajak yang dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk menagih piutang pajak. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat kendala mengenai perbedaan kebijakan dan pemahaman antara perpajakan dan perbankan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan penagihan pajak dengan pemblokiran dan kesesuaiannya dengan peraturan perpajakan dan perbankan. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dan wawancara. Data dijelaskan dengan metode deskriptif dan analisis. Berdasarkan analisis data, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pemblokiran rekening Wajib Pajak merupakan tindakan yang paling efektif dalam penagihan utang pajak. Pemblokiran rekening wajib pajak tidak melanggar privasi nasabah karena bank tidak melakukan pemblokiran secara sepihak dan dilakukan sesuai prosedur yang berlaku.
Development, maintenance and regulation of multidisciplinary research teams to improve clinical research quality in India - implications for HR practice
Authors:   Neptune Institute of Management and Technology (NIMT, Delhi), Roy Sayan
Published: March 2022

The overall quality of the clinical research is low in India and there are number of social determinants of health, cultural, institutional, fiscal, financial plus technological factors that affects the performance and management of clinical researchers. The study focuses to understand the important effects of the multidisciplinary clinical research teams and human resource management on the outcomes of the clinical research. The study uses systematic review and thematic analysis as the methodology in order to understand the research problem in detail and provide solutions to the clinical research problems in the country. A total of scholarly 21 articles has been systematically reviewed and four major themes has been found out. The study finds out multiple complex factors that ranges from technical, professional, personal, social, cultural dimensions to institutional and organizational types that needs to be addressed, in order to improve the quality of clinical and medical research in the country. The translational and the implementation sciences has been found to play a critical role in clinical research and the academic-industry collaborations is necessary too. The human resource management plays a cardinal role in the whole undertaken of the clinical research process that has been explained in the research study. The implications of the human resource management and the clinical research management has been mentioned as well, that is to be considered very closely.
Prevalence of protein energy malnutrition among Aganwadi children’s of Hubli, Karnataka
Authors:   Dept. of Community Medicine, Karnataka Institution of Medical Sciences, Hubli-580022, Karnataka, India, Bant Dattatraya Dinna
Published: March 2022

Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) have been established by Government. of India under ICDS Scheme (1975) with the objective to improve the nutritional and health status of children in the age group (0-6 years). Only a few studies have been done to study the nutritional status of Anganwadi children. To access the prevalence of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) in Anganwadi children’s in urban pocket and to know socio-demographic correlates of PEM. The cross sectional study was done on 680 children’s from 30 Anganwadi centre’s of Hubli District, Karnataka. Prevalence of PEM is 49.1% and 29.4% of children are of grade I severity. Prevalence is more in Hindu, 50.5% compared to Muslims, 47.4% and it was observed that prevalence is more in joint family,53.1% than nuclear family, 44.8% and the difference is statistically significant. The study demonstrate high prevalence of PEM, may be due to less coverage and poor utilization of services from these Anganwadi centres. ICDS program needs to be accelerated and extended to reach these areas. Key Words: PEM, Prevalence, Anganawadi centres (AWCs), Hubli
Augmented Reality Applications in Education: Arloopa Application Example
Authors: Yildiz Ezgi Pelin
Published: March 2022

Arloopa is an augmented reality application that enables the integration of digital content such as images, sounds, texts into real world environments. By another definition the Arloopa app is an AR visualization tool that brings the physical and digital worlds together as one. Arloopa is an augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) app and game development company which provides advanced AR and VR services, such as: cloud-based augmented reality services, custom branded augmented reality app and game development, virtual reality app and game development, 2D and 3D content creation. In this study, the integration of Arloopa application into educational environments and application examples are presented within the scope of augmented reality applications course at a government university in Turkey. In addition, in this research, the presentation of the Arloopa application within a course unit and tips will be given to be used in future research on the integration of the application into education. At the end of the process, an interview form was prepared to determine opinions from the students about the Arloopa application and the use of augmented reality applications in education in general. The interview form prepared by the researcher was applied to 27 students within the scope of the course. According to the results obtained; the students found the use of augmented reality applications in education useful in terms of making the lesson fun, providing permanence in learning, and improving creativity skills. Despite all these positive aspects, the fact that some apps are salaried is accepted as the biggest limitation.
The Financing of the European Union Budget
Authors: MATTHIJS Herman
Published: March 2022

The European Union (E.U.) has a specific system of financing its institutions. The system has been the subject of political discussion since the beginning in 1970 and the recent modification in 2020. This system has come under increasing pressure as a result of the growth of the number of member states and growing economic disparity between the Northern versus Southern and Western versus Eastern member states of the Union. The question of whether to rely on its own sources of finance or on contributions from its members is the subject of a separate political argument.
Information Display Measurement Standard
Authors:   International Committee for Display Metrology
Published: March 2022

This document consists of standard measurement procedures to quantify electronic display characteristics and qualities. However, it is also a document that discusses display metrology or the science of display measurements in that it reveals some of the problems associated with making display measurements, contains diagnostics to reveal those problems, and offers solutions to these measurement difficulties. In general, we avoid setting any performance criteria or performance minima. The hope is to serve standards organizations that wish to minimize the amount of space dedicated to measurement descriptions and make reference to this document instead. Consider the measurements in this document to be a buffet from which the desired measurement methods can be selected depending upon the needs of the user.
Efektivitas Discharge Planning pada Ibu Postpartum terhadap Perilaku Menyusui di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh : Randomized Controlled Trial Tahun 2018
Authors: X Darmawati , X Syahbandi , X Cut Delyani
Published: March 2022

Postpartum merupakan masa yang praktis untuk memberikan informasi kepada ibu tentang beberapa hal penting, salah satunya mengenai teknik menyusui yang benar dalam pemberian ASI. Pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif selama 6 bulan yang mengandung banyak nutrisi penting ini dapat membantu perkembangan kognitif anak, bahasa, dan saraf. Selain itu, teknik menyusui yang benar akan membentuk interaksi antara ibu dan anak yang kemudian akan meningkatkan kepekaan ibu dan bayi terkait ikatan kasih sayang antar sesamanya. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan pendidikan kesehatan yang awal saat pasien masuk dengan pemberian disharge planning yang sistematis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas discharge planning pada ibu postpartum terhadap perilaku menyusui di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan one group pretest-posttest. Kelompok ini mendapat perlakuan sebanyak 3 (tiga) kali dengan kuesioner sebelum intervensi (O1) pretest, dan perlakuan intervensi (O2) posttest, serta pada hari ke 42 responden dihubungi via telepon untuk menanyakan apakah masih menyusui eksklusif atau tidak. Penelitian dilakukan di ruang bersalin dan ruang kebidanan Arafah 3 Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh sejak bulan Mei sampai September 2018. Penentuan subjek dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik paired t-test dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada tingkat pengetahuan ibu postpartum dalam menyusui sebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi discharge planning (p value = 0.001), terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada tingkat sikap ibu postpartum dalam menyusui  sebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi discharge planning (p value = 0.001), terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada tingkat tindakan ibu postpartum dalam menyusui  sebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi discharge planning (p value = 0.000), dan secara umum terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada tingkat perilaku ibu postpartum dalam menyusui  karena tindakan tersebut dilakukan sejak awal pasien masuk dan dipantau sampai pasien pulang dengan menggunakan media booklet yang mudah dipahami oleh ibu.
Gambaran Anemia Defisiensi Besi Pada Kejang Demam Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Anidar Anidar , Haris Syafruddin , Dimiati Herlina
Published: March 2022

Kejang demam adalah bangkitan kejang yang terjadi pada kenaikan suhu tubuh  di atas 380C yang disebabkan oleh suatu proses ekstrakranium. Kejang demam merupakan salah satu kejadian bangkitan kejang yang sering dijumpai pada anak balita dan merupakan peristiwa yang mengkhawatirkan bagi orang tua, dan tingginya angka kejadian dimasyarakat. Salah satu faktor yang dapat menyebabkan kejang demam adalah anemia defisiensi besi karena besi memiliki peran penting dalam fungsi penghantaran serabut saraf. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan anemia defisiensi besi dengan kejang demam. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara potong lintang. Populasi penelitian adalah semua pasien anak umur 1–5 tahun yang didiagnosis kejang demam yang dirawat di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin tahun 2019 yang tercatat pada rekam medis. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini ada 40 orang terdiri dari 23 subyek dengan kejang demam sederhana dan 17 subyek dengan kejang demam kompleks. Variabel yang diteliti adalah usia, jenis kelamin, suhu tubuh, faktor genetik dan anemia defisiensi besi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kejang demam sederhana 23(57.5%) dan kejang demam kompleks 17(42.5%). Jenis kelamin laki-laki didapatkan paling banyak yaitu 25(62.5%) ,suhu tubuh ≥390C 21(52.5%) subyek, faktor genetik yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kejang demam yaitu 17(42.5%). Anemia defisiensi besi didapatkan pada sebagian besar kejang demam yaitu 30(75%). Pada kejang demam kompleks didapatkan persentase anemia defisiensi besi lebih tinggi yaitu 15/17(88.2%). Fokus infeksi penyebab kejang demam adalah sebagian besar infeksi saluran pernafasan atas yaitu 37/40(92.5%). Terdapat gambaran anemia defisiensi besi pada sebagian besar pada subyek kejang demam pada anak balita di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh pada tahun 2019.
Korelasi Angka Leukosit Dengan Skor Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) Dan Skor Montreal Cognitive Assessment Versi Indonesia (MoCA-INA) Pada Pasien Cedera Kepala
Authors: X Ika Marlia , Suherman Suherman , Suhanda Rahmad , Hidayaturrahmi Hidayaturrahmi , Juwita Juwita
Published: March 2022

Cedera kepala langsung maupun tidak langsung dapat mengakibatkan gangguan fungsi kognitif. Gangguan fungsi kognitif jangka panjang dan tidak dilakukan penanganan optimal dapat mempengaruhi kemandirian dan mengganggu aktifitas sehari-hari bahkan menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini dilkaukan untuk mengetahui gambaran angka leukosit, fungsi kognitif (skor MMSE dan skor MoCA-Ina) dan derajat cedera kepala pada pasien cedera kepala.  Digunakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian adalah 49 pasien cedera kepala yang dirawat di ruang rawat neurologi RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh.  Pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Instrumen penelitian terdiri atas Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) dan Montreal Cognitive Assesment versi Indonesia (MoCA-INA). Uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah uji Chi Square. Didapatkan hasil bahwa, sebanyak 28 pasien dengan angka leukosit >11.000/ µL (57,1%), 37 pasien dengan fungsi kognitif normal berdasarkan skor MMSE (75,5%), 47 pasien dengan gangguan fungsi kognitif ringan berdasarkan skor MoCA-Ina (47%), dan 22 pasien dengan cedera kepala berat (44,9%).  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat korelasi antara angka leukosit dengan skor MMSE (p= 0,675) dan skor MoCA-INA (p= 0,409). Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara-angka leukosit dengan skor Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) dan skor Montreal Cognitive Assessment Versi Indonesia (MoCA-INA) pada pasien cedera kepala.
PROFIL PENDERITA SINDROMA KORONER AKUT DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH dr. ZAINOEL ABIDIN BANDA ACEH
Authors: Haris Munirwan , X Muhammad Ridwan , X Nurkhalis , X M. Hustiar Hakim , X M. Rizki , Teuku Muhammad Khaled
Published: March 2022

Di Indonesia penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan penyebab nomor satu dari seluruh kematian. Provinsi Aceh memiliki prevalensi penyakit jantung di atas rata-rata nasional yaitu 16.6% dibanding 9.2%. Penelitian mengenai profil pasien sindroma koroner akut (SKA) yang merupakan bagian dari PJK belum pernah dilakukan di Provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mendeskripsikan profil pasien SKA di Provinsi Aceh sehingga data ini dapat dijadikan indikator pentingnya penanganan SKA serta dijadikan evaluasi kinerja program edukasi masyarakat mengenai penyakit kardiovaskular di Provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif dengan sampel penelitian seluruh pasien SKA pada Januari 2017 hingga Desember 2018. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah total sampling yang diperoleh dari rekam medis. Analisis dan pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS for Windows versi 14. Disimpulkan bahwa pasien yang terbanyak berjenis kelamin laki-laki yaitu 206 pasien (69%), usia terbanyak yaitu 45─60 tahun dengan 138 kasus (50%), jenis SKA paling dominan adalah UAP/NSTEMI sebanyak 121 kasus dengan Banda Aceh sebagai domisili terbanyak. Karakteristik nyeri dada tipikal paling dominan ditemukan 81.4 % dengan onset >24 jam dan terjadi di malam hari. Merokok merupakan faktor risiko dominan serta keluhan nyeri dada adalah yang terbanyak ditemukan.
Efektivitas Terapi Non-Farmakologis Terhadap Nyeri Tindakan Invasif Pada Neonatus Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin
Authors: X Sri Intan Rahayuningsih , X Rosni , X Ramlah , X Nova Fajri
Published: March 2022

Prosedur tindakan invasif merupakan salah satu prosedur yang sering dilakukan di rumah sakit khususnya di ruang NICU dan menimbulkan nyeri pada neonatus. Beberapa manajemen nyeri non-farmakologi untuk menurunkan nyeri adalah dengan pemberian pacifier, ASI, dan bedung. Namun metode tersebut masih perlu diukur keefektifannya dalam manajemen menurunkan nyeri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi efektivitas terapi non-farmakologis terhadap nyeri tindakan invasif pada neonatus di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda (RSUDZA) Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain randomized control trial (RCT). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh neonatus risiko tinggi yang tidak mendapatkan obat sedasi di ruang NICU level IIA dan IIB RSUDZA. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 19 orang dan menggunakan  teknik randomisasi alokasi yang terdiri dari empat kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol, kelompok intervensi 1 (pemberian pacifier), kelompok intervensi 2 (pemberian pacifier dan bedung), dan kelompok intervensi 3 (pemberian ASI dan bedung). Skala nyeri pada sampel dinilai menggunakan intrumen neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS). Analisis statistik menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji anova dan uji Post Hoc Bonferroni. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa data normal, homogen dan diperoleh p valu e0,364 yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan tingkat nyeri antar semua kelompok penelitian. Namun secara klinis, kelompok intervensi pemberian pacifier dan bedung memiliki skala nyeri terendah (2,25) dan memiliki perbedaan rerata 2,6 poin dengan kelompok kontrol. Diharapkan seluruh perawat di NICU dapat melakukan pengkajian nyeri pada neonatus terutama saat tindakan invasif agar dapat memberikan manajemen nyeri yang tepat.
Efektivitas Edukasi Manajemen Nyeri pada Pasien yang Menjalani Sectio Caesarea terhadap Kepuasan Pelayanan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin
Authors: X Darmawati , X Diana Febrita , X Aida Fitri , X Fithria , X Masyithah Audina
Published: March 2022

Sectio Caesarea merupakan salah satu metode persalinan yang saat ini kerap dilakukan dan menjadi prosedur pembedahan yang menyelamatkan jiwa ibu dan bayi ketika terjadi komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan. Tidak dapat dipungkiri, tindakan ini memberikan efek nyeri berat pada ibu sehingga tindakan pereda nyeri pasca operasi sangat penting dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas dari edukasi manajemen nyeri pada pasien yang menjalani operasi sectio caesarea terhadap tingkat kepuasan pelayanan pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Tujuan jangka panjang dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan suatu metode intervensi pendukung manajemen nyeri yang dapat dilakukan oleh perawat dan bidan di ruang rawat kebidanan sehingga dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pre-experimental design dan menggunakan rancangan intact group comparison yang dilakukan di ruang bersalin dan ruang rawat Arafah 2. Jumlah partisipan yang direkrut dalam penelitian ini adalah 50 partisipan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi: 1) Ibu yang sebelum dan setelah melakukan operasi sectio caesarea; 2) bersedia mengikuti kegiatan dari awal hingga akhir; 3) mampu berbicara Bahasa Indonesia dan mampu baca tulis; dan 4) bukan berasal dari perawatan di Intensive Care Unit. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalah pemberian informasi mengenai manajemen nyeri yang dilaksanakan satu kali setelah operasi dengan durasi 7-10 menit. Alat pengumpulan data tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan adalah kuesioner dengan skala likert berisi 25 item pertanyaan. Hasil penelitian menggunakan Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan mean rank tingkat kepuasan ibu (aspek reliability dan responsiveness) yang signifikan pada pengukuran pre test dan post test pada kelompok intervensi (p < 0.05) serta tidak terdapat peningkatan mean rank tingkat kepuasan ibu yang signifikan pada pengukuran pre test dan post test pada kelompok kontrol (p > 0.05). Hasil analisis lanjutan menggunakan Mann Whitney U Test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan mean rank kepuasan ibu (variabel tangibles, empathy, reliabity, responsiveness dan assurance) pada pengukuran pre test dan post test pada kelompok intervensi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p < 0.05). Perlu adanya kebijakan berupa standar operasional prosedut terkait edukasi manajemen nyeri agar petugas kesehatan khususnya perawat/bidan agar dapat melakukan edukasi yang adekuat kepada ibu postpartum sehingga dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan dan mengurangi nyeri yang dirasakan setelah operasi berlangsung.