bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisa Potensi Keunggulan Kompetitif Re-farming Frekuensi 900 MHz
Authors: Cahyanto Dwi , Hilal Hamzah
Published: March 2017

PT. Indosat adalah perusahaan penyedia layanan telekomunikasi dan informasi terkemuka di Indonesia yang menyediakan layanan seluler prabayar dan pascabayar. Indosat juga menyediakan jasa telekomunikasi tetap atau fixed voice termasuk IBD, jasa tetap nirkabel, dan jasa telepon tetap. Sebagai tambahan Indosat merupakan pelopor dalam memperkenalkan layanan jaringan nirkabel yang menggunakan teknologi kecepatan 3,5G HSDPA di Indonesia. Pada tahun 2009 Indosat memperoleh lisensi tambahan frekuensi 3G (second carrier) dari Kementrian Komunikasi dan Informatika, dengan modal ini Indosat menargetkan pangsa pasar yang luas. Sekarang ini merupakan Era Data dan semakin meninggalkan era terdahulu yaitu Era Suara, operator telekomunikassi berlomba-lomba untuk merebut pangsa pasar khususnya Layanan Data. Masyarakat pada umumnya banyak menggunakan layanan data facebook, twitter, streamming maupun video call. Dengan kebutuhan layanan data ini diperlukan suatu inovasi agar semua kebutuhan pelanggan dapat terpenuhi. Keterbatasan frekuensi yang ada menjadi hambatan semua operator untuk meningkatkan jumlah pelanggannya maupun meningkatkan layanan jaringan. Di sisi lain penggunaan frekuensi 900MHz sudah mulai ditinggalkan oleh pelanggannya, dikarenakan layanannya sudah tidak diminati oleh pengguna seluler yang cenderung beralih kelayanan data. Dari permasalahan tersebut maka solusinya yaitu dilakukan re-farming frekuensi yang sudah mulai ditinggalkan oleh pelanggannya yaitu frekuensi 900MHz. Dengan menggunakan analisis Porter 5 Forces ternyata didapatkan bahwa Indosat memiliki potensi keunggulan kompetitif yang tinggi pasca re-farming frekuensi. Hasil analisis ini selanjutnya dapat digunakan oleh Indosat dalam penyusunan strategi bersaing sehingga Indosat dapat merebut pasar pada layanan data.
Analysis of Cloud Computing Information Security Strategy in Biznet Networks
Authors: Sutrisno Heri
Published: March 2017

Information security on cloud computing requires goodplanning and understanding of the risks, threats and vulnerabilities ofdata or information that is managed in a cloud computing environment.Measurement of information security in cloud computing is no differentto conventional information technology, which uses an approach basedon confidentiality, integrity and availability of information. Whereas thestandard used on information security such as NIST, CSA and COBITare often used to assess information security analysis of the cloudcomputing service providers. This research will review the informationsecurity strategy at Biznet Networks as a provider of cloud computingservices.
Analisa Pengaruh Mobile Advertising Pada Industri Telekomunikasi
Authors: Iskandar Didik
Published: March 2017

Layanan mobile advertising terus mengalami perkembangan seiring dengan perkembangan sarana telekomunikasi mobile. Peluang mobile advertising ini sangat besar, akan tetapi peluang tersebut belum dimanfaatkan dengan maksimal. Mobil advertising terdiri dari beragam tipe, seperti SMS, MMS, E-mail, Search, Banner Display, Content Sponsorship dan Video. Sementara itu model Mobile advertising terdiri dari pull advertising dan push advertising. Di penelitian ini diteliti tentang pengaruh mobile advertising terhadap pada industri telekomunikasi. Terdapat tiga pemain utama dalam bisnis mobile advertising di Indonesia, yaitu Telkomsel, Indosat, dan XL. Pada tahun 2013, dilihat dari sisi pendapatan mobile advertising, Telkomsel memperoleh pendapatan paling tinggi, kemudian Indosat, dan terakhir adalah Telkomsel. Pengaruh mobile advertising terhadap industri telekomunikasi semakin besar setiap tahunnya. Tahun 2013 kontribusinya adalah sebesar 5% dari digital service, sementara itu digital service sendiri kontribusinya adalah sebesar 20% dari total pendapatan industri telekomunikasi. Pada tahun 2015 ditargetkan kontribusi mobile advertising terhadap digital service adalah sebesar 20-30%. Strategi yang tepat yang dapat dikembangkan oleh Telkomsel dalam bisnis mobile advertising adalah growth strategy yang meliputi pengembangan pasar dan pengembangan produk. Pengaruh mobile advertising terhadap bisnis Telkomsel adalah bisnis mobile advertising dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan pada bisnis Telkomsel. Pada tahun 2012, besar konstribusi pendapatan mobile advertising terhadap pendapatan Telkomsel hanyalah 1 %, akan tetapi pada tahun 2015 diproyeksikan terjadi peningkatan konstribusi pendapatan mobile advertising pada Telkomsel menjadi 2,0% atau setara dengan 1,76 Trilyun Rupiah
Strategi Pengembangan Implementasi Telemedicine Di Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Masa Muhammad Anas
Published: March 2017

Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, membutuhkan pengembangan implementasi Telemedicine, karena Rasio tenaga medis ( dokter, bidan, perawat ) belum merata, tingkat kualitas kesehatan masyarakat belum memenuhi target, disamping Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, merupakan pusat aktifitas pendidikan dan pelayanan kesehatan bagi Indonesia bagian Timur. Namun implementasi Telemedicine tidaklah mudah untuk diwujudkan, karena mempunyai banyak tantangan. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut , diperlukan manajemen strategi dalam upaya mensinergikan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh, baik lingkungan internal maupun eksternal, Pada penelitian ini menggunakan model analisa PEST dan SWOT, dimana analisa PEST akan menggambarkan keadaan Politik dan Hukum, Ekonomi, Sosial serta Teknologi. Sedangkan Analisa SWOT, menggambarkan dan memetakan kondisi yang ada serta mengevaluasi suatu masalah. Hasil analisa PEST , secara politik Pemirintah Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan mendukung peningkatan akses dan kualitas layanan kesehatan, pertumbuhan ekonomi mencapai 8,3 tahun 2012 , Pilihan gaya hidup dan sikap terhadap sosial budaya, mengikuti trend masa kini, teknologi tersebar dari kota sampai pedesaan. Sedangkan hasil analisa SWOT yang terdiri dari Matriks SWOT, Matriks IE dan Diagram SWOT secara umum memberikan strategi alternatif yang sama yaitu strategi pengembangan / perluasan. Strategi pengembangan ini terdiri atas dua alternatif : Strategi 1: Mengembangkan Sistem Telemedicine dengan memanfaatkan jaringan SIKDA dan jaringan yang dibangun Kominfo di pedesaan Strategi 2: Mengembangkan system Tele-homecare. Dengan Quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix, maka strategi yang tepat bagi pengembangan implementasi Telemedicine di Sulawesi Selatan adalah Mengembangkan Sistem Telemedicine dengan memanfaatkan jaringan SIKDA dan jaringan yang dibangun Kominfo di pedesaan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, baik lingkungan ekternal maupun lingkungan internal mendukung pengembangan implementasi Telemedicine di Sulawesi Selatan. Sedangkan strategi yang paling tepat adalah Membangun sistem Telemedicine dengan memanfaatkan jaringan Sikda dan jaringan telekomunikasi pedesaan yang ada untuk peleyanan kesehatan masyarakat umum.
Analisa Performansi Mobile Learning dengan Konten Multimedia pada Jaringan Wireless Studi Kasus pada Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Mercu Buana
Authors: Sahara Riad
Published: March 2017

Perkembangan ICT yang semakin pesat, melahirkan sebuah model pembelajaran baru yang dikenal sebagai mobile learning (M-Learning) yang aktifitas utamanya adalah mendistribusikan bahan belajar kepada peserta didik agar dapat diakses dimana saja dan kapan saja dengan menggunakan perangkat komunikasi portabel semacam Smart Phone, Tablet PC, PDA, dsb. Namun, M-Learning tidak begitu saja bisa langsung diimplementasikan pada suatu institusi pendidikan, mengingat kemampuan komputasi dan media untuk menyajikan konten dari M-Learning yang dimiliki oleh perangkat telepon genggam terbatas. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini akan diteliti bagaimana mengimplementasikan M-Learning dengan menggunakan MLE dan Moodle yang menggunakan platform J2ME sebagai aplikasinya. Serta akan dilakukan analisa performansi M-Learning pada jaringan wireless menggunakan aplikasi wireshark dengan dua metode pengukuran. Pertama, menggunakan satu client yang akan diberikan bandwidth yang berbeda-beda dalam mengkases kursus dan konten M-Learning. Kedua, menggunakan pengukuran skalabilitas, menggunakan lima client untuk mengkases kursus dan konten M-Learning. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian MLE dan Moodle sebagai aplikasi M-Learning merupakan sebuah solusi dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh. Untuk hasil pengukuran performansi mobile learning pada jaringan wireless didapatkan nilai throghput paling besar didapatkan pada bandwidth 1024 kbps dengan ukuran MLO 603 kb, yaitu sebesar 113958,63763565 bps. Packet loss paling besar didapatkan pada bandwidth 512 kbps dengan ukuran MLO 454 kb, yaitu sebesar 0,0039795918 %. Nilai packet loss ini tergolong baik pada komunikasi data TCP karena masih dibawah 0,1 % (berdasarkan ITU-T Y.1541). Nilai delay paling besar didapatkan pada bandwidth 28 kbps dengan ukuran MLO 274 kb, yaitu sebesar 0,0003207908 detik. Waktu untuk reload dan konten MLO sampai ke pengguna paling tercepat didapatkan pada bandwidth 1024 kbps dengan ukuran MLO 454 kb, yaitu sebesar 9,294064 detik. Berdasarkan pengujian, parameter performansi seperti throughput, packet loss, delay, dan time sangat dipengaruhi oleh besar bandwidth, ukuran file, dan jumlah user.
El personaje sabio en El niño que vivía en dos casas, de Julieta Pinto
Authors: Méndez Anchía Silvia
Published: March 2017

Ciertos sucesos de la vida de una niña o niño sobre los cuales se guarda silencio, pueden inhibir su desarrollo emocional y su aprendizaje. Se propone, en este ensayo, que algunos textos literarios ofrecen estrategias para afrontar situaciones conflictivas, tales como la separación de los progenitores. Se analiza la obra El niño que vivía en dos casas, de la costarricense Julieta Pinto, y se establece que el personaje sabio de este relato presenta ocho estrategias para comprender el divorcio. Se finaliza recomendando el trabajo en el aula con textos literarios con el fin de humanizar, mediante la palabra, experiencias que afectan el desarrollo emocional y cognitivo del estudiantado.
Detecting tax evasion when tax and accounting earnings match
Authors: Kourdoumpalou Stavroula
Published: March 2017

This paper attempts to review on how the effectiveness of board of directors and the executive compensations are moderated by internal ownership such as managerial and family ownership to mitigate earnings management. Most of prior studies focused on the traditional interaction among corporate governance mechanisms and earnings management, thus neglected that the variance of these practices that can be attributed to the business environment and the nature of ownership structure. This paper revisits the literature on the relationship between the factors of effectiveness of the board of directors in the individual level such as board independence, size, meeting frequency, CEO duality, audit and nominations-compensations committees, directors financial expertise, tenures and multiple directorship etc. and as a bundle through creating a score of effectiveness on the earnings management practices. It also reviews on whether the managerial and family ownership can moderate the relationship between the factors of effectiveness of the board of directors (as a score) and the total executive compensation with the earnings management practices. Panel data analysis method will applied over the data collected for ASE for the Jordanian listed firms for the period after the issuing of the Jordanian corporate codes in 2009. This paper’s contributes to the existing literature by providing an in-depth review of corporate governance mechanisms and earning management.
Impact of internal ownership on the monitoring and mitigating mechanisms of earnings management practices
Authors: Ghazalat Anas Najeeb Mosa , Islam Md.Aminul , Noor Idris Bin Mohd
Published: March 2017

This paper attempts to review on how the effectiveness of board of directors and the executive compensations are moderated by internal ownership such as managerial and family ownership to mitigate earnings management. Most of prior studies focused on the traditional interaction among corporate governance mechanisms and earnings management, thus neglected that the variance of these practices that can be attributed to the business environment and the nature of ownership structure. This paper revisits the literature on the relationship between the factors of effectiveness of the board of directors in the individual level such as board independence, size, meeting frequency, CEO duality, audit and nominations-compensations committees, directors financial expertise, tenures and multiple directorship etc. and as a bundle through creating a score of effectiveness on the earnings management practices. It also reviews on whether the managerial and family ownership can moderate the relationship between the factors of effectiveness of the board of directors (as a score) and the total executive compensation with the earnings management practices. Panel data analysis method will applied over the data collected for ASE for the Jordanian listed firms for the period after the issuing of the Jordanian corporate codes in 2009. This paper’s contributes to the existing literature by providing an in-depth review of corporate governance mechanisms and earning management.
Análise do perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes que utilizam imatinibe em hospital de grande porte
Authors: Oliveira da Costa Tavares Rayanne Vitória , Oliveira de Melo Candeia Glenda Laissa , Serafim do Nascimento Dimech Alba Tatiana , Arimatea Rocha Filho José
Published: March 2017

Introdução: O mesilato de imatinibe é um inibidor da proteína tirosino-quinase, muito utilizado no tratamento da leucemia mielóide crônica (LMC), que é caracterizada por uma alteração no material genético das células responsáveis por dar origem a todos os componentes do nosso sangue. A eficácia desse fármaco é baseada nas taxas globais de resposta hematológica e citogenética e na sobrevida livre de progressão desse tipo de leucemia na fase crônica, precisando-se definir a duração dessas respostas, visto que houve uma identificação de resistência da LMC ao Imatinibe. Metodologia: O estudo foi realizado na farmácia ambulatorial do Hospital das Clínicas-UFPE, através da coleta e avaliação de dados dos processos de 17 pacientes que utilizam mesilato de imatinibe nas concentrações de 100 e 400mg durante o ano de 2015. Resultados e Discussão: Dos 17 processos analisados 60% foram pacientes do sexo masculino e 40% do sexo feminino, com faixa etárias de 20 a 31 anos (20%), 32 a 41 anos (6%), 42 a 61 anos (34%) e de 62 a 70 anos (40%). Em relação à patologia, foram encontrados 3 diferentes diagnósticos, sendo leucemia mielóide crônica (60%), tumor de estroma gastrointestinal (30%), e neoplasia maligna do estômago (10%). As concentrações analisadas foram as de 400mg (90%) e a de 500mg (10%). Conclusão: No presente estudo, concluímos que os pacientes do sexo masculino obtiveram maior percentagem que o de sexo feminino e a faixa etária de maior incidência foi a de 62 a 70 anos, estando de acordo com alguns estudos internacionais. A patologia que se destacou foi a leucemia mielóide crônica, como esperado segundo está descrito na literatura científica.
Weakly convex domination subdivision number of a graph
Authors: Dettlaff Magda , Kosary Saeed , Lemańska Magdalena , Sheikholeslami Seyed
Published: March 2017

A set X is weakly convex in G if for any two vertices a,b ? X there exists
an ab-geodesic such that all of its vertices belong to X. A set X ? V is a
weakly convex dominating set if X is weakly convex and dominating. The
weakly convex domination number ?wcon(G) of a graph G equals the minimum
cardinality of a weakly convex dominating set in G. The weakly convex
domination subdivision number sd?wcon (G) is the minimum number of edges that
must be subdivided (each edge in G can be subdivided at most once) in order
to increase the weakly convex domination number. In this paper we initiate
the study of weakly convex domination subdivision number and establish upper
bounds for it.
A lower bound for the harmonic index of a graph with minimum degree at least three
Authors: Cheng Minghong , Wang Ligong
Published: March 2017

The harmonic index H(G) of a graph G is the sum of the weights 2/d(u)+d(v)
of all edges uv of G, where d(u) denotes the degree of a vertex u in G. In
this work, a lower bound for the harmonic index of a graph with minimum
degree at least three is obtained and the corresponding extremal graph is
characterized.
New additive results for the generalized Drazin inverse in a Banach algebra
Authors: Liu Xiaoji , Qin Xiaolan , Benítez Julio
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we investigate additive properties of the generalized Drazin
inverse in a Banach algebra A. We find explicit expressions for the
generalized Drazin inverse of the sum a + b, under new conditions on a,b ?
A.
Prevalence, characteristics and severity of hypomineralization of the first permanent molars and incisors in children from the northern part of Kosovo and Metohija
Authors: Martinovic Brankica , Ivanovic Mirjana , Cvetkovic Andrijana , Todic Jelena , Milojkovic Zoraida , Pavlovic Jasna , Tabakovic Sasa , Stosovic-Kalezic Ivana
Published: March 2017

Introduction/Objective. Molar-incisor hypomnineralization (MIH) is relatively common developmental anomaly characterized by hypomineralized enamel defects in the first permanent molars and incisors. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypomineralization of the first permanent molars and incisors in children aged eight and 10 years who live in the northern part of Kosovo and Metohija. Methods. The study included 712 respondents, 289 of whom aged eight (40.6%) and 423 of whom aged 10 years (59.4%). Criteria according to Weerheijm were used for diagnosis of hypomineralization and the severity of changes was determined. Results. The frequency of hypomineralized changes in the first permanent molars and incisors of the examined children in this area was 12.2%. It was lower in children aged eight years (10.7%) compared to those aged 10 (13.2%). Demarcated enamel opacity was more common in younger children, whereas both atypical restoration and tooth extraction due to hypomineralization were more common in older children. Mild form is more common in children aged eight years, whereas both severe form and severe form with extracted teeth are more common in children aged 10 years. The results indicate that the first permanent molars were most commonly affected by MIH changes. Conclusion. The percentage of the respondents with MIH changes in the northern part of Kosovo and Metohija, which is 12.2%, is not negligible and points to the necessity of early diagnosis in order to prevent and reduce the complications of the condition by timely prevention and treatment.
Modeling of photovoltaic modules using a gray-box neural network approach
Authors: Rankovic Aleksandar , Cetenovic Dragan
Published: March 2017

This paper proposes a gray-box approach to modeling and simulation of photo-voltaic modules. The process of building a gray-box model is split into two components (known, and unknown or partially unknown). The former is based on physical principles while the latter relies on functional approximator and data-based modeling. In this paper, artificial neural networks were used to construct the functional approximator. Compared to the standard mathematical model of photovoltaic module which involves the three input variables - solar irradiance, ambient temperature, and wind speed- a gray-box model allows the use of additional input environmental variables, such as wind direction, atmospheric pressure, and humidity. In order to improve the accuracy of the gray-box model, we have proposed two criteria for the classification of the daily input/output data whereby the former determines the season while the latter classifies days into sunny and cloudy. The accuracy of this model is verified on the real-life photo-voltaic generator, by comparing with single-diode mathematical model and artificial neural networks model towards measured output power data.
Analysis of heat transfer coefficient of rammed earth wall in traditional houses in Vojvodina
Authors: Lovec Vesna , Jovanovic-Popovic Milica , Zivkovic Branislav
Published: March 2017

Traditional Vojvodina house represents an important part of the building stock of the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina. The research examines the thermal transmittance of the walls of rammed earth, which is the basic structural and fa?ade element of traditional Vojvodina house, in two ways: by calculations in accordance with Serbian regulations and by measuring in situ. Parameters obtained from the measurements are compared with the calculated values for the three typical traditional Vojvodina rammed earth single family residential houses. The comparison between the values of the heat transfer coefficient, obtained by the calculation, and the results determined by in situ measurements show significant differences. It indicates that the thermal characteristics are better than calculated ones according to national regulations, but at the same time that, due to the complexity of the rammed earth walls and differences in the rammed earth structures, the results differ from case to case and can not be standardized.
Entropy analysis in moving wavy surface boundary-layer
Authors: Mehmood Ahmer , Iqbal Muhammad , Khan Sajid , Munawar Sufian
Published: March 2017

It is a well-established fact that significant gain in the heat transfer rate can be obtained by altering that flat surface texture of the working body. The most convenient alteration, in view of mathematical handling, is the wavy one. Existing studies reveal that the convective heat transfer phenomenon is affected significantly due to the presence of a solid wavy surface. How does the phenomena of entropy generation is effected due to a wavy surface is the question investigated in this manuscript. The expressions for irreversibility distribution rate, Bejan number, and volumetric entropy generation number have been evaluated by Keller-Box method. The effect of important parameters of interest, such as wavy amplitude, Prandtl number, and group parameter on irreversibility distribution rate, Bejan number and entropy generation number, have been discussed in detail. The study reveals that entropy generation number decreases and irreversibility rate increases by increasing the amplitude of the wavy surface.
Numerical study of heat transfer in a porous medium of steel balls
Authors: Pamuk Mehmet
Published: March 2017

In this study, heat transfer in unidirectional flow through a porous medium with the fluid phase being water is analyzed using the commercial software Comsol?. The aim of the study is to validate the suitability of this package for similar problems regarding heat transfer calculations in unidirectional flow through porous media. The porous medium used in the study is comprised of steed balls of 3 mm in diameter filled in a pipe of 51.4 mm inner diameter. The superficial velocity range is 3-10 mm/s which correspond to a Reynolds number range of 150-500 for an empty pipe. Heat is applied peripherally on the outer surface of the pipe at a rate of 7.5 kW/m2 using electrical ribbon heaters. The numerical results obtained using the commercial software Comsol? are compared with those obtained in the experiments once conducted by the author of this article. Results have shown that Comsol? can generate reliable results in heat transfer problems through porous media, provided all parameters are selected correctly, thus making it unnecessary to prepare expensive experimental set-ups and spending extensive time to conduct experiments.
Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes in U.S. Hispanic/Latino Individuals: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Qi Qibin , Stilp Adrienne M. , Sofer Tamar , Moon Jee-Young , Hidalgo Bertha , Szpiro Adam A. , Wang Tao , Ng Maggie C.Y. , Guo Xiuqing ,   MEta-analysis of type 2 DIabetes in African Americans (MEDIA) Consortium, Chen Yii-Der Ida , Taylor Kent D. , Aviles-Santa M. Larissa , Papanicolaou George , Pankow James S. , Schneiderman Neil , Laurie Cathy C. , Rotter Jerome I. , Kaplan Robert C.
Published: March 2017

Few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been conducted in U.S. Hispanics/Latinos of diverse backgrounds who are disproportionately affected by diabetes. We conducted a GWAS in 2,499 T2D case subjects and 5,247 control subjects from six Hispanic/Latino background groups in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Our GWAS identified two known loci (TCF7L2 and KCNQ1) reaching genome-wide significance levels. Conditional analysis on known index single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) indicated an additional independent signal at KCNQ1, represented by an African ancestry–specific variant, rs1049549 (odds ratio 1.49 [95% CI 1.27–1.75]). This association was consistent across Hispanic/Latino background groups and replicated in the MEta-analysis of type 2 DIabetes in African Americans (MEDIA) Consortium. Among 80 previously known index SNPs at T2D loci, 66 SNPs showed consistency with the reported direction of associations and 14 SNPs significantly generalized to the HCHS/SOL. A genetic risk score based on these 80 index SNPs was significantly associated with T2D (odds ratio 1.07 [1.06–1.09] per risk allele), with a stronger effect observed in nonobese than in obese individuals. Our study identified a novel independent signal suggesting an African ancestry–specific allele at KCNQ1 for T2D. Associations between previously identified loci and T2D were generally shown in a large cohort of U.S. Hispanics/Latinos.
β-Cell Inactivation of Gpr119 Unmasks Incretin Dependence of GPR119-Mediated Glucoregulation
Authors: Panaro Brandon L. , Flock Grace B. , Campbell Jonathan E. , Beaudry Jacqueline L. , Cao Xiemin , Drucker Daniel J.
Published: March 2017

GPR119 was originally identified as an orphan β-cell receptor; however, subsequent studies demonstrated that GPR119 also regulates β-cell function indirectly through incretin hormone secretion. We assessed the importance of GPR119 for β-cell function in Gpr119−/− mice and in newly generated Gpr119βcell−/− mice. Gpr119−/− mice displayed normal body weight and glucose tolerance on a regular chow (RC) diet. After high-fat feeding, Gpr119−/− mice exhibited reduced fat mass, decreased levels of circulating adipokines, improved insulin sensitivity, and better glucose tolerance. Unexpectedly, oral and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and the insulin response to glycemic challenge were not perturbed in Gpr119βcell−/− mice on RC and high-fat diets. Moreover, islets from Gpr119−/− and Gpr119βcell−/− mice exhibited normal insulin responses to glucose and β-cell secretagogues. Furthermore, the selective GPR119 agonist AR231453 failed to directly enhance insulin secretion from perifused islets. In contrast, AR231453 increased plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance in wild-type and Gpr119βcell−/− mice. These findings demonstrate that β-cell GPR119 expression is dispensable for the physiological control of insulin secretion and the pharmacological response to GPR119 agonism, findings that may inform the lack of robust efficacy in clinical programs assessing GPR119 agonists for the therapy of type 2 diabetes.
Fifteen-year Clinical Follow-up of Restoration of Extensive Cervical Resorption in a Maxillary Central Incisor
Authors: Reston EG , Bueno RPR , Closs LQ , Zettermann J
Published: March 2017

Internal bleaching in endodontically treated teeth requires care and protection to prevent harm to the periodontal ligament due to peroxide and may result in external root resorption. There is a myriad of treatment options when this occurs, such as monitoring, extraction, and subsequent rehabilitation with implants or fixed prosthodontics. In some cases, such as the one described here, a conservative attempt to maintain the tooth as a single structure can be made by sealing the resorptive defect. In the present case, we show a multidisciplinary approach where orthodontics, periodontics, and restorative dentistry were involved in treating the maxillary right central incisor (#8) of a 65-year-old patient with extensive cervical resorption, whose chief complaint was esthetics. The proposed treatment was extrusion of the tooth followed by curettage and restoration of the defect with glass ionomer cement. The patient has been followed for 15 years with no signs of recurrence, maintenance of periodontal health, and patient satisfaction with the esthetic outcome.
Biological Effects of Provisional Resin Materials on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Authors: Jun S-K , Mahapatra C , Lee H-H , Kim H-W , Lee J-H
Published: March 2017

Objectives: This study investigated the in vitro cytotoxicity as well as the proinflammatory cytokine expression of provisional resin materials on primary cultured human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).

Methods: Five commercially available provisional resin materials were chosen (SNAP [SN], Luxatemp [LT], Jet [JE], Revotek LC [RL], and Vipi block [VB]). Eluates that were either polymerizing or already set were added to hDPSCs under serially diluted conditions divided into three different setting times (25% set, 50% set, and 100% set) and incubated for 24 hours with 2× concentrated culture media. Cell cytotoxicity tests were performed by LDH assay and live and dead confocal microscope images. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines in SN and VB was measured using cytokine antibody arrays. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) or ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test at a significance level of p<0.05.

Results: Cytotoxicity greater than 30% was observed in the 50% diluted culture in SN, LT, and JE in the already set stage (p<0.05), while it was detected in SN and LT in early or intermediate stage samples. The cytotoxicity of SN, JE, and LT was greater with eluates from the polymerizing phase compared to that from already set samples (p<0.05), as observed by live and dead images. On the other hand, RL and VB did not exhibit cytotoxicity greater than 30%. Proinflammatory cytokines were not detected in 12.5% diluted culture with eluates from VB and early set stage SN.

Conclusions: The eluates from chemical-activated provisional resin materials during polymerization (SN, LT, and JE) were cytotoxic to hDPSCs and may adversely affect pulp tissue.
تحسين انتاج انزيم السراببتيز من بكتريا السراشيا باستخدام اشعة كاما
Authors: علي انتصار حسين , علاوي شهد جبار
Published: March 2017

عزلة البكتريا التي تم الحصول عليها  بعد تشخيصها بجهاز (Vitic) اثبتت القدرة على انتاج انزيم (STP), باستخدام الوسط الزرعي التربتون (Trypton) لكونة وسط مناسب لتنمية البكتريا واستخلاص الانزيم منها. اجريت عمليات تنقية جزئية للانزيم المستخلص من البكتريا باستخدام كبريتات الامونيوم, التبادل الايوني والترشيح الهلامي. وحددت الفعالية الانزيمية لكل خطوة تنقية.عرضت العزلة البكتيرية لاشعة كاما لغرض تطفيرها ومعرفة تأثير الاشعاع عليها وكان التعريض لأشعة كاما باطوال موجية مختلفة لمعرفة اي طول موجي يؤثر بشكل اقوى على الجين المسؤول عن انتاج الانزيم في البكتريا, وهل هذا التأثير سيزيد من الانتاج الانزيمي ام ينقصه.فكانت الاطوال الموجية المعرضة بحدود (1000-6000CGY) بأستخدام العنصر المشعCO60 وكان افضل طول موجي مؤثر في حدود (3000CGY) لكونه اعطى اعلى فعالية انزيمية للانزيم المستخلص من البكتريا بعد تعريضها للاشعاع .
Synthesis and Spectroscopic Study of Metal Complexes with New Schiff Base Derived from 2-acetylpyridine and Methionine Amino Acid
Authors: Hafedh Fadhel R.
Published: March 2017

In this research new tridentate Schiff base ligand (S)-4-(methylthio)-2-((1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)amino) butanoic acid (HL), have been prepared from condensation of (2-acetylpyridine) with methionine amino acid . A coordinated complexes of manganese (II), cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) have also been prepared. The prepared ligand and its complexes characterized depending upon (FTIR &Uv-Vis) spectroscopies, elemental microanalysis (C.H.N.S and M) ,(1H and13C) N.M.R spectroscopy, mass spectrum, flame atomic absorption, magnetic measurements and  molar conductance. The results of different studies proved that new Schiff base ligand acts as a tridentate ONN donor in all the prepared complexes, as well as the results provided that the geometry of all prepared complexes was octahedral with (1:2) (M:L) ration , except Zn(II) complex which obtained tetrahedral geometry with (1:1) (M:L) ratio.
Synthesis of some Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from 2-Chloro-N-p-Tolylacetamide
Authors: Shaaban Hanan Gh
Published: March 2017

This research includes preparation of (2-chloro-N-p-tolylacetamide) (1) from the reaction of (p-aminotoluene) with chloro acetyl chloride. Compound (1) reacted with thiosemi carbazide and gave compound (2), and when compound (1) reacted with semicarbazide gave compound (3). While when compound (1) reacted with thiourea it produced compound (4). 
Compounds (2-4) when reacted with appropriate aromatic aldehydes or ketones produced Shiff bass (5-16), which in turn reacted with chloro acetyl chloride in the present of tri ethyl amine and dioxin gave β-lactam derivatives (14-22). The structures of these compounds were characterized from their melting points, FT-IR, and NMR.
Study of Physical Properties for Sodium acetate with Water and Water - Acetone mixtures at Different Temperatures
Authors: Abbas Ahmed Mohammed , Ahmed Zainab Wajdi , Sulaiman Alaa Fadhil , AbdalLatif Issam AbdalKreem
Published: March 2017

In this study binary and ternary solutions are prepared by using the sodium acetate concentrations (0.1, 0.125, 0.2, 0.25, 0.4, 0.5, 0.8, 1 M) in water and acetone –water mixtures .The important parameters such as apparent molal volume, the partial molal volume transfer,  apparent  molal compressibility, free energy of activation of viscous flow and thermodynamic activation parameter (enthalpy and entropy) determined of sodium acetate in water , 20%, 40% ,60% and 80% V/V acetone –water mixtures at 298.15K, 303.15K, and 308.15K from density and viscosity measurements espectively. The limiting apparent molal volumes and experimental slopes were derived from the Masson equation, have been interpreted in terms of solute–solvent and solute–solute interactions  respectively. The viscosity data were analyzed using theJones–Dole equation and the derived parameter B - coefficient has also been interpreted in terms of solute–solvent interactions in the solutions.
Fracture Surface Analysis of Borosilicate Bonded Stainless Steel
Authors: Majeed Kawakib Jassim
Published: March 2017

Borosilicate glass was bonded to the stainless steel (st.st.) grade 316 by using a technique of oxides growth considered as active filler. Contact angle of oxide to the stainless steel was found 47ᵒ. The bonding strength achieved under ambient condition enriched with oxygen, and is equal to 4 MPa. The good bonding was correlated with new structural phases at the intermediate layer. The bubbles size and their amount were found as important factors play a significant role in bonding borosilicate and stainless steel.
Evaluation of Some Pesticide Residues in Fruits import by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Abdul-Latef Lamees Munef , Ahmed Iyad Abdul-Muhsan
Published: March 2017

Pesticide residues have been found in various fruits and vegetables.  This studycollected 24 samples and reported a method based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). For determination of pesticide residues used in Some fruits which were collected from different markets of Baghdad city to make) 24) samples from (peel , core, mixture) for each type of fruits markets as:  Oranges( Egypt , Africa), Pomegranate ( Egypt), Mango ( Kenya ), Pears (China),  Plum fruits ( Africa ) , Kiwi (Turkey ) .That detective of ( 5 ) different  pesticides (diazinon,  malathion, chlorpyrifos ,parathion  and cypermethrin). The results were detected of multi-residues of  pesticides on the fruit in ( peel , core , mixture ) may be in the limit of Maximum residue limits(MRL) or higher of it   . The pesticides detected that exceeding the limits are: cypermethrin  in Kiwi (peel, core and mixture)at(0.204,0.038, 0.537), in pomegranate detected in (peel and mixture) at (0.509,0.189) mg/kg , Diazinondetccted in Egyptian orange in (peel ,core and mixture) at (0.031,0.207, 0.099) mg/kg . Malathion and Parathion was not detected at any type of fruits and  that results was compared with codex of FAO/WHO(2013). That data is important to monitor residues in food and to fill gaps in current knowledge would be helpful in assessing human exposure risks from ingestion of contaminated Fruits Imported to our country.
KONTRIBUSI TEORI ILMIAH TERHADAP PENAFSIRAN
Authors: Akbar Ali
Published: March 2017

Penafsiran terhadap ayat al-Qur’an tidak akan pernah berakhir, sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman dan ilmu pengetahuan. Munculnya tafsir ‘ilmy dalam khazanah inteleklual Islam merupakan respons supaya ajaran yang terdapat dalam al-Qur’an tetap relevan dengan realitas atau fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi dan perkembangan zaman. Selain itu, tafsir ‘ilmy juga berupaya memperbaiki pengetahuan seseorang yang telah ada dan membuka tabir makna ayat-ayat al-Qur’an tertentu yang belum mampu dipahami oleh umat sebelumnya secara ilmiah. Adanya tiori-tiori ilmiah ini akan menghasilkan penemuan-penemuan baru sesuai dengan pesan-pesan Allah SWT dalam al-Qur’an. Di samping juga akan menunjukkan sifat fleksibilitasnya al-Qur’an yang dipandang pantas, cocok dan sesuai untuk dipedomani umat manusia dalam segala waktu dan tempat
IBN KHALDUN THOUGHT: A review of al-Muqaddimah Book
Authors: Hernawan Wawan
Published: March 2017

Nowadays Muslim and non-Muslim scholar have no paid exhaustion attention yet onal- Muqaddimah book of Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406). Al-Muqaddimah Book is still being studied and debated critically. Actually, this work is still “dazzling” social scientists, anthropologists, theologians, philosophers, historians, and economists even compared with the other great works produced by other classical Muslim scholars. Search for the book of al-Muqaddimah Ibn Khaldun intends to seek and drank authenticity thoughts. It becomes important in the center of issue. We should be wise to this Muslim leader, because it has a big hand in an attempt to find the “authenticity” of Muslim thought. By using the method of historical research, it is obtained: first,for Ibn Khaldun, history is one of the disciplines studied extensively by the nations and generations. Second, the legal history is applicable universally so the truth can be revealed. Third, a historian should study the areas of human life (sociology, anthropology, theology, philosophy, history, and economics) to determine differences between main and general characteristics. Fourth, related to the modern social sciences, undoubtedly Ibn Khaldun is first beginning of sciences. He was a golden bridge for the development of science and the history of modern sociology
MINANGKABAU CLERGIES AND THE WRITING OF HADITH
Authors: Ali Nuar Jannatul Husna Bin
Published: March 2017

As one of the barns in the Islamic scholars throughout Indonesian archipelago, many Minangkabau scientists in the field of hadith had born figures spelled out with no exception. Trend of works by scholars of Minang in the field of hadith had also shown its own special evidences. Not only the work of translation and Sharh were generated, but also the original works in the field of hadith even drafted in Arabic. The main purpose of this article is to introduce a number of works on hadith and the science of hadith generated by the egg heads of Minangkabau, typically in the 20th century. As for example, Professor Mahmud Yunus, Engku Mudo Zainuddin Hamidy, Ustaz Fachruddin Husain Datuk Majo Indo, Professor Zainal Abidin Ahmad, Buya Mawardi and Ustaz Muhammad Oemar Bakry Besar Datuk Tan. This study inspired cutting-edge scholars, even if they were graduates of local Surau and Madrasah, glorious hadith’s books of high-value compilation were published similar to the context of riwayah-dirayah hadith, fiqh al-hadith or mushthalah hadith. The works were worthy triggers the spirit and inspiration of Muslim intellectuals today for innovation and transformation. In addition, the recent Muslim intellectual were exposed to a lot of formal higher education and academic degree holders, to be more productive in the delivering of similar treasury with the supports of sophisticated modern technology. Above all, the triggers should have been for the sake of preserving the writings of hadith in this beloved country
KONTROVERSI HERMENEUTIKA SEBAGAI MANHAJ TAFSIR (Menimbang Penggunaan Hermeneutika dalam Penafsiran al-Qur’an)
Authors: Reflita Reflita
Published: March 2017

Hermeneutika sebagai metode tafsir dalam penerapannya masih debatable (diperselisihkan) di kalangan ulama dan menjadi wacana yang menarik bagi kalangan ilmuwan muslim. Sebagian di antara mereka menerima kehadiran hermeneutika sebagai salah satu metode yang relevan digunakan untuk memahami al-Qur’an, sekalipun metode ini berasal dari luar khazanah keilmuan Islam. Hermeneutika dibutuhkan untuk memahami al-Qur’an, terutama untuk menjawab persoalan-persoalan kontemporer yang belum ada penyelesaiannya dalam tafsir-tafsir klasik. Sebagian lain bersikap apriori dan menolak secara keras penggunaan hermeneutika sebagai manhaj tafsir dengan berbagai alasan. Alasan utama yang dikemukakan golongan ini adalah karena metode ini lahir dari barat dan digunakan untuk memahami Bibel yang berbeda karakteristiknya dengan al-Qur’an. Kajian ini berusaha menengahkan kontroversi ulama seputar penggunaan hermeneutika dengan mengemukakan alasan masing-masing kelompok secara deskriptis-analisis serta berusaha mengkompromikan perbedaan tersebut. Sehingga kita bisa bersikap bijak dalam menyingkapi berbagai disiplin ilmu yang masuk dan berkembang dalam diskursus keilmuan Islam, sebagai wacana yang bisa memperkaya wawasan keilmuan umat muslim dan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memahami al-Qur’an sebagai kitab petunjuk secara arif dan bijaksana
KRITERIA KE-SHAHIH-AN HADIS MENURUT AL-KHATHIB AL-BAGHDADI DALAM KITAB AL-KIFAYAH FI ‘ILM AL-RIWAYAH
Authors: Chandra Agus Firdaus , M Buchari
Published: March 2017

Hadis sebagai sumber ajaran kedua setelah al-Qur’an memerlukan kriteria untuk menetapkan ke-shahih-annya agar diterima dan diamalkan. Al-Khathib al-Baghdadi merupakan ahli hadis yang lahir pada masa awal pembukuan ilmu hadis. Terkenal dengan ke-itqan-an, hafalan, dan banyak karya terutama di bidang ilmu hadis, di antaranya Al- Kifayah fi ‘Ilm al-Riwayah. Sebagai referensi oleh ulama sesudahnya pendapatnya tentang kriteria ke-shahih-an hadis patut untuk dikaji. Kriteria ke-shahih-an sanad hadis menurut al-Khathib al-Baghdadi, yaitu: 1) Sanad bersambung, yaitu diriwayatkan oleh periwayat yang ‘adil dan dhabith dari periwayat yang ‘adil dan dhabith dengan proses tahammul wa ada`; 2) Periwayat bersifat ’adil dalam arti terpercaya dalam keberagamaan; 3) Periwayat dhabith, yaitu kondisi terjaga saat menerima hingga menyampaikan hadis. Sedangkan yang berkaitan dengan matan; 1)Terhindar dari syadz, yaitu pertentangan periwayatan yang tsiqah, baik terhadap periwayat yang lebih tsiqah atau para periwayat tsiqah; dan 2) Terhindar dari ’illat, dibuktikan dengan pengujian terhadap al-Qur’an, hadis mutawatir, ijma’, qiyas, dan akal sehat
Fleck as a theorist of thought as res gestae
Authors: Östlund David
Published: March 2017

Fleck’s “comparative epistemology” approached its main object, thought, as human action. Using English and Swedish translations as test cases, this article ascribes significance to Fleck’s preference for the verb denken in forming his core terminology (Denkstil, Denkkollektiv, Denkverkehr). Fleck referred to “thinking” (the word he preferred in English) as Tätigkeit. This is juxtaposed with an anglophone tradition in intellectual history harking back to Collingwood and speech-act philosophy. Still, Fleck’s stress on the profoundly social nature of denken (always being interaction) is his distinctive characteristic as a theorist of thought as things done. Furthermore Fleck’s approach was formed to deal with any kind of thought, and this was important to his dealing with the special cases of science. The term Denkverkehr (“traffic/intercourse” in thought) is also examined within an argument stressing the deliberateness of Fleck’s linguistic choices and his flair for pursuing deeply serious intents by means of playfulness and humor.
For your eyes only
Authors: Von Sass Hartmut
Published: March 2017

Ludwik Fleck’s main contribution lies in the awareness for the deeply social and collective dimension of scientific work, its procedures, but also its style and mode of thinking. However, it is this very focus that gives for a lot of his reader the licence to put Fleck into the constructivist camp. This is wrongheaded and based on a misinterpretation of the status of the social element in research. To show that I read Fleck as a humble (i.e. non-Kantian) transcendentalist to appreciate both, the historically sensitive approach in Fleck and its non-constructivist aspects. Thereby, we find a middle ground circumventing naïve realism as well as full-blown relativism. One might call this position transcendental pragmatism.
Patterns of Human-Wildlife Conflict and People’s Perception towards Compensation Program in Nilambur, Southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Rohini Chelat Kandari , Aravindan Tharemmal , Das Karumampoyil Sakthidas Anoop , Vinayan Pandanchery Arogyam
Published: March 2017

Aim: The aim of this research was to examine patterns of human-wildlife conflict and assess community perception towards compensation program implemented to ameliorate human-wildlife co-existence.Location: North and South Forest Divisions, Nilambur, South India.Material and Methods: Data were collected from the official archives of applications made by victims or their families at Divisional Forest Office, Nilambur North and South Forest Division, for the period 2010–2013. The data included (a) types of conflict, (b) wildlife species involved in the conflict, (c) dates of application made by applicants, (d) dates of final decision made by concerned authority and (d) relief amount sanctioned. People’s perceptions towards compensation program were gathered using a questionnaire survey (n=179).Key findings: Crop damage was the most common type of conflict, followed by property damage, injury and death by wildlife attack. Crop damage was contributed mainly by elephant (Elephas maximus) (59%) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) (32%). The other wildlife species involved in conflict were bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata) (3.8%), leopard (Panthera pardus) (3.3%), Malabar giant squirrel (Ratufa indica) (0.47%), porcupine (Hystrix indica) (0.29%), Guar (Bos gaurus) (0.95%) and Sambar deer (Cervus unicolor)(0.29 %). On average, people took 13 days to claim compensation, which received decisions in 90 days. The majority of respondents (67%) were not satisfied with the compensation schemes. The main causes of such dissatisfaction were (a) allocation of insufficient money for the compensation (46.6%), (b) prolonged and difficult administrative procedures to make claims (20%), (c) people’s convictions that compensation scheme does not eradicate the conflict (20%) and (d) disbelief on the officials involved in compensation program (6.6%).Conservation implications: Our results suggest that compensation program has not gained acceptance among local community as an effective strategy to mitigate human-wildlife conflict. Although it may reduce hostile attitude towards wildlife, alternative approaches are urgently needed that avoid conflicts.