bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isusov govor
Authors: Šarčević Ivan
Published: October 2019

U sklopu okvirne teme skupa – Sveto pismo u životu Crkve – ovaj članak donosi osnovne značajke Isusova govora koje mogu poslužiti kao smjernice svećenicima, župnicima i propovjednicima evanđelja. Članak se zasniva na koncilskoj dogmatskoj konstituciji o Božjoj objavi Dei Verbum, enciklici pape Pavla VI. o evangelizaciji Evangelii nuntiandi te naputcima pape Franje iz njegove programske pobudnice Evangelii gaudium, kao i na uvažavanju književnih formi i figura biblijskoga jezika. Sve je opet vođeno glavnom idejom da današnji svećenici, župnici, propovjednici nasljeduju Isusa u svom govoru, a posebno u homiliji – bogoštovnom činu unutar euharistije, u povlaštenom vremenu dijaloga Boga i njegova naroda.
Homogenization and correctors of Robin problem for linear stochastic equations in periodically perforated domains
Authors: Mohammed Mogtaba , Ahmed Noor
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we present homogenization and corrector results for stochastic linear parabolic equations in periodically perforated domains with non-homogeneous Robin conditions on the holes. We use the periodic unfolding method and probabilistic compactness results. Homogenization results presented in this paper are stochastic counterparts of some fundamental work given in [Cioranescu, Donato and Zaki in Port. Math. (N.S.) 63 ( 2006 ), 467–496]. We show that the sequence of solutions of the original problem converges in suitable topologies to the solution of a homogenized problem, which is a parabolic stochastic equation in fixed domain with Dirichlet condition on the boundary. In contrast to the two scale convergence method, the corrector results obtained in this paper are without any additional regularity assumptions on the solutions of the original problems.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning: Practical aspects of overfitting and regularization
Authors: Vasicek Daniel
Published: October 2019

Neural networks can be used to fit complex models to high dimensional data. High dimensionality often obscures the fact that the model overfits the data and it often arises in the publication industry because we are usually interested in a large number of concepts; for example, a moderate thesaurus will contain thousands of concepts. In addition, the discovery of ideas, sentiments, tendencies, and context requires that our modelling algorithms be aware of many different features such as the words themselves, length of sentences (and paragraphs), word frequency counts, phrases, punctuation, number of references, and links. Overfitting can be counterbalanced by Regularization, but the latter can also cause problems. This paper attempts to clarify the concepts of “overfitting” and “regularization” using two-dimensional graphs that demonstrate over fitting and how regularization can force a smoother fit to noisy data.
Uşak Evlerinin Günümüze Yansıması ve Bireysel Söylemler
Authors: SİLAV Muna , SALMAN ÇEVİK Naile
Published: October 2019

Uşak ili, tarihsel süreç içerisinde önemli yerleşme yeri olarak merkezi
konumda bulunmuştur. Bu merkezi konum, Uşak iline coğrafi ve kültürel anlamda
önem kazandırmıştır. Uşak il merkezinde yer alan, kentin geleneksel yerleşme
dokusunu yansıtan ve kent tarihinin yaşayan belgesi olan Uşak evleri, mimari
birer kültürel mirastır. Kent kimliğinin şekillenmesinde önemli yeri olan bu
evler, tasarımı ve malzemesi ile bulunduğu coğrafyayı yansıtan, sivil mimarlık
yapıları olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu kapsamda, Uşak ilinin tarihsel ve
kültürel kimliğini oluşturan önemli alanlardan biri olan tarihi evlerin esin
kaynağı olarak araştırılması, belgelenmesi ve sanatsal açıdan yeniden
yorumlanması biçiminde değerlendirilebilecek olan bu çalışma, geleneksel
kentsel dokunun, toplum yapısının, yaşam biçiminin sürdürülebilirliği
kavramlarından yola çıkarak, mekan-bellek-kültür ve aidiyet kavramları
özelinde, Naile Salman Çevik’in ekslibrislerinde ve Muna Silav’ın suluboya
çalışmalarında, özgün bireysel uygulamalar bakımından dikkat çekmektedir.
Cold Physical Plasma Decreases the Viability of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Golubitskaya E. A. , Troitskaya O. S. , Yelak E. V. , Gugin P. P. , Richter V. A. , Schweigert I. V. , Zakrevsky D. E. , Koval O. A.
Published: October 2019

The high mortality rate that accompanies cancer spurs the search for new methods that can be used to treat malignant neoplasms. In addition to chemotherapy, electrophysical techniques for tumor treatment appear rather promising. The results of in vitro exposure of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells to cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) are hereby presented. A gas-discharge device that generates a sequence of streamers propagating along a stream of inert gas in the ambient air was used. In the zone where the plasma jet came into contact with the target object, there were high-intensity electric fields and high plasma concentrations, while the gas temperature changed by less than a degree. In this study, we compared the cytotoxic effect of CAP in helium and argon. Direct irradiation of cells by CAP with U = 4.2 kV for 30-120 s was shown to reduce cell viability by 25%. Variation of the amplitude of the AC voltage in the plasma device in argon within a range of 3.8-5.6 kV did not significantly alter the cell death rate. Further optimization of the modes of CAP generation in gas-discharge devices with various geometries for the treatment of a tumor cell and animal tumor models can underlie the development of antitumor plasma medicine.
Factores motivacionales y desempeño académico en adolescentes
Authors: Castellanos Páez Virgelina , Reyes Parra Paola Andrea
Published: October 2019

En este estudio se exploró si los factores motivacionales (morosidad, temor al fracaso y autoeficacia) se relacionan con el desempeño académico en adolescentes colombianos y de qué manera se establece esta relación.  Participaron 32 estudiantes, 53 mujeres y 31 hombres, pertenecientes a cuatro instituciones educativas no oficiales de la ciudad de Tunja. La edad de los participantes osciló entre 11 y 18 años, con una edad promedio de 13.48. A partir de un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple se encontró que los factores motivacionales predicen 6% de la varianza de desempeño académico. En el modelo, la variable problemas de autoeficacia y la edad como predictor de control resultaron ser estadí­sticamente significativos. Las variables morosidad y el temor al fracaso no resultaron asociarse con el desempeño académico.
Impacto personal y escolar del embarazo y maternidad en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Domínguez Aguirre Gloria Ángela , Martínez Peralta Adriana , Herrera Barragán Héctor , Rincón Aguirre María Elena
Published: October 2019

Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo y exploratorio orientado a identificar el impacto de la vivencia del embarazo y maternidad en la vida personal y escolar de las estudiantes de una universidad pública, así­ como el apoyo familiar, escolar y de la pareja. Para éste estudio se trabajó con una muestra de 58  estudiantes del área de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco utilizando como criterio de inclusión el haber vivido un embarazo con un nacimiento vivo y haber desempeñando su rol de madre en el transcurso de sus estudios universitarios. Se exploró el apoyo familiar, el apoyo de los pares, el apoyo de los docentes, el apoyo de la pareja y otros aspectos contextuales de las participantes. Además se analizó la relación del embarazo y la maternidad con el estado de ánimo, la vida personal y el rendimiento escolar de las estudiantes. Ser estudiante universitaria, vivir un embarazo y ser madre demanda habilidades y fortalezas personales, así como una serie de condiciones del entorno que permitan continuar con la meta académica establecida.
Imágenes de la vejez: ¿mitos o realidades?
Authors: Mendoza Ruvalcaba Neyda María , Arias Merino Elva Dolores
Published: October 2019

El propósito de este estudio es contrastar los estereotipos e imágenes comunes acerca de la vejez y la edad con la situación actual de las personas mayores en lo que refiere a la salud, funcionalidad, estado cognitivo, anímico y productividad. Se entrevistó a un total de 638 mujeres de 60 años y más que asistían a centros de día del Sistema DIF Guadalajara, la edad promedio de las participantes fue 70.9 años. La batería de evaluación incluyó datos sociodemográficos, autoinformé de estilo de vida y actividades, así como pruebas para valorar: capacidad funcional para realizar las actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria, análisis descriptivos para calcular proporciones y pruebas de correlación para analizar relaciones entre variables. En este estudio, las imágenes acerca de la vejez comúnmente compartidos por la sociedad no corresponden a la situación actual reportada por los propios adultos mayores.
Manejo de las atribuciones de causalidad en un caso de tricotilomanía
Authors: Méndez Sánchez Cecilia
Published: October 2019

El estudio de las atribuciones de causalidad ha tenido gran influencia en el campo clínico. El caso se refiere a una niña de 8 años de edad; en primera instancia se buscó identificar las atribuciones de causalidad que la niña y la madre tenían sobre la TTM, el objetivo de la fase de tratamiento fue fortalecer su percepción de control de las situaciones que le generaban estrés, mediante la sustitución de sus atribuciones de causalidad externas, estables y sin control a atribuciones internas, no estables y con control. Se pudo constatar en las fotografías tomadas que para la sesión seis le comenzaban a crecer el pelo y para la sesión 10 ya tenía pelo en toda la cabeza, así como en cejas y pestañas.
Post-efecto de 0.5 mg/Kg de diazepam sobre la respuesta de sacudirse en la PNF. Ensayo dos
Authors: Bautista-Peña Samuel , Pérez Vargas Estela
Published: October 2019

Con el propósito de observar el efecto del diazepam sobre el proceso de cambio emocional que presenta la respuesta de sacudirse, se realizó una investigación mayor, de la cual presentamos el avance correspondiente al segundo ensayo para observar el efecto postdosis de 0.5 mg/Kg de diazepam, 24 horas después de su administración aguda. Se utilizaron 14 ratas machos Wistar experimentalmente ingenuas. Se formaron aleatoriamente dos grupos de siete miembros cada uno, grupo control y grupo experimental, El E2 se realizó 24 horas después del E1, en el que había sido administrada la dosis de diazepam. Se advirtieron diferencias entre los grupos control y grupo postdosis, los lapsos del grupo postdosis presentaron una media de respuesta siempre menor que el grupo control, lo que sugiere que hay un efecto postdosis del diazepam, observable 24 horas después.
El psicólogo educativo y su formación académica desde la perspectiva del desarrollo
Authors: Álvarez Mejía Alba Yanalte , Pérez Estrada Germán , Nashiki Angulo Rosa María
Published: October 2019

El presente documento pretende caracterizar el tema del desarrollo como lo organizaron los académicos en la línea curricular Desarrollo y Aprendizaje (LCDA) en el plan 2009. Se describen los contenidos más relevantes de las asignaturas que conforman esta línea y su contribución en la formación de psicólogos educativos a partir de las perspectivas del desarrollo y los procesos de cambio desde la infancia hasta la vejez, así como la influencia del ambiente en estos procesos.
Análisis de la relación entre el temperamento y el aprendizaje léxico
Authors: Villarreal Garza Mayra Alejandra , Falcón Albarrán Alberto Jorge
Published: October 2019

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar la relación entre temperamento (específicamente la dimensión control esforzado, relacionada con la atención), tiempos de atención visual en una condición experimental, aprendizaje de nuevas palabras y desarrollo lingüístico. Se evaluó a 60 niños de entre 18 y 24 meses de edad, con el criterio de que su única lengua hablada en casa fuera el español y sin diagnóstico o sospecha sobre algún problema auditivo, perinatal o neurológico. El análisis reveló una correlación estadísticamente significativa (.576) entre el desarrollo lingüístico (específicamente la comprensión) y la dimensión control esforzado del temperamento.
Relación entre la depresión infantil y la percepción de las relaciones intrafamiliares
Authors: Vega Vázquez Margarita
Published: October 2019

La depresión es, probablemente, el problema de salud mental más frecuente en el mundo. Su abordaje  en población infantil conlleva a la exploración de las relaciones familiares. Objetivo: identificar el grado de correlación existente entre la depresión infantil y las relaciones intrafamiliares, así como identificar si existen diferencias por sexo en las puntuaciones de depresión. Método: Participaron 79 menores estudiantes de una primaria pública, 42 niñas (53.2%) y 37 niños (46.8%), seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, con un rango de  que va de los 7 a los 12 años ( 15x"> =9.54 y DE= 1.448). Instrumentos: Inventario de Depresión Infantil y Escala de Interrelaciones Familiares. Resultados: Se encontró una correlación negativa y estadísticamente significativa entre la puntuación en el inventario de depresión tanto con la dimensión de Unión y apoyo (rp= -.249, p<.05), como con la dimensión de Expresión (rp= -.234, p<.05). No se encontraron diferencias por sexo.
Adversidades psicológicas y conceptuales del Sordo ante la lectura
Authors: Huerta Solano Christian Israel , Varela Barraza Julio Agustín , Figueroa González Jairo Alejandro , Mariscal de Santiago Laura Gabriela , Gómez García Belén Itzel
Published: October 2019

Es hasta los años noventa que la educación bilingüe fuese acogido como forma de alfabetización de las comunidades Sordas hasta los años noventa, siendo influida entonces por el paradigma cognitivo, adoptando términos como la conciencia fonológica y la memoria de trabajo. Sin embargo, bajo dichas concepciones, no hay explicación de por qué el Sordo continúa sin elevar su nivel lector más allá del cuarto grado de educación elemental, lo que ha influido en su desarrollo psicológico. Por lo tanto, se considera necesaria la revisión de algunas situaciones presentes en la mayoría de los estudios: (1) La caracterización del Sordo;, (2) los instrumentos de evaluación de lectura utilizados;, (3) las líneas de investigación existentes;, (4) el marco teórico utilizado, y (5) la competencia de la Lengua de Señas (LS) de los investigadores.; Partiendo de lo anterior, se llega a la conclusión de que es imprescindible concluyendo en la necesidad de usar nuevos paradigmas, como el interconductismo, que permita desarrollando metodologías de enseñanza basadas en las características de los lectores Sordos, en un ambiente bilingüe y bicultural.
Kazak Türklerinde İdari Yapı
Authors: Erdoğan Aysel
Published: October 2019

Orta Asya Türk toplulukları
içerisinde en önemli topluluklardan birisi olan Kazaklar’ın etnik açıdan
Özbeklerin devamı oldukları ve zaman içerisinde Özbek kontrolünden çıkarak
müstakil bir hanlık haline geldikleri görülmektedir. Kazaklarla Özbekler
arasında etnik açıdan ortaklığın yanı sıra askeri ve idari yapılanmada da
önemli benzerlikler bulunmaktadır. Kazakların hâkim olduğu coğrafyanın
genişliği Kazakların idari yapılanmasında bölünmeyi gerekli kılmış olmakla
birlikte bu bölünme zaman içerisinde bir ayrışmaya doğru gitmiş ve bu durum
Kazak cüzlerinin Ruslar tarafından işgalini kolaylaştırmıştır. Çalışmada
Kazakların Özbeklerden ayrıldıktan sonra kendi içlerinde cüzlere ayrılma süreci
ve idari yapılanması incelenmiştir.
Döngele Kaplıcası (Kahramanmaraş)’nın Termal Turizm Potansiyeli ve Sosyo-Ekonomik Katkıları
Authors: KARADEMİR Nadire , SANDAL Ersin Kaya , Bilinir Şerife
Published: October 2019

İnsanlar şehir hayatının tempolu,
yoğun ve bunaltıcı ortamından kendilerini bir ölçüde uzaklaştırmak, dinlenmek, eğlenmek, eğitim, sağlık, merak, zevk, spor,
dini, kültürel vb. sebeplerle bireysel veya toplu olarak belli bir zaman
diliminde turizm faaliyetlerine katılmaktadırlar. Termal turizm de bu
turizm faaliyetlerinden birisidir. Bu çalışmada Kahramanmaraş ilinde yer alan
ve termal turizm açısından önem taşıdığı düşünülen Döngele Kaplıcası
incelenmektedir. Bu çalışmada amaç, Döngele Kaplıcasının turizm potansiyelini
belirlemek, yöre için ne anlam ifade ettiğini açıklamak ve turizm için mevcut
potansiyelin en iyi şekilde nasıl değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya
koymaktır.  Bu amaç doğrultusunda yöre
halkına ve tesislere gelen ziyaretçilerle anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir.  Anket verileri frekans dağılımı yöntemi ile
analiz edilmiştir. Arazi çalışmalarının da gerçekleştirildiği bu çalışmada,
elde edilen veriler de dikkate alınarak çeşitli haritalar ArcMap 10.3 paket
programı kullanılarak üretilmiştir. Ayrıca arazi çalışmaları, anket ve mülakat
sonuçları dikkate alınarak yörede turizmin geliştirilmesi konusunda önerilerde
bulunulmuştur.
Pengaruh Eco Efficiency, Corporate Social Responsibility dan Accrual Quality Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Prena Gine Das , Dewi Putu Purnama , Kustina Ketut Tanti , Dewi IGA Agung Omika , Wirsa I Nengah
Published: October 2019

This study aims to determine the influence of Eco-Efficiency, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Accrual Quality on Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018 The sample selection uses a purpose sampling which is as many as 100 samples of manufacturing companies. To measure the hypothesis is done by t test and test f. The data analysis technique used in this study is the classic assumption test and multiple linear regression test.In addition, all variables are declared free of interference from existing classical assumptions. From the results of multiple linear regression tests the results of the test f obtained a significant value of 0.000 or <0.05. This means that Eco-Efficiency, Corporate Social Responsibility and Accrual quality in Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018 have a significant simultaneous effect. Partial testing shows the results that all independent variables significantly influence the value of the company
Pengaruh Risiko Terhadap Profitabilitas di Perusahaan Minuman Beralkohol yang Tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Suzuki Tiara Andani , Puspitasari Veny Anindya
Published: October 2019

Objective: This study aims to determine the influence of systematic risk and unsystematic risk on profitability in alcoholic beverage companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange during period 2013-2017.

Design / methodology / approach: The methodology used in this study is a quantitative and descriptive approach. The population and sample in this study are the same, because alcoholic beverage companies listed on the IDX only have 2 companies. The type of data used is secondary data originating from the official website. Data analysis techniques using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and Pool Data Regression Analysis are assisted by the application of Eviews 10 to find out the classic assumption test and hypothesis test (partial and simultaneous).

Results: The results of this study indicate that interest rate risk, inflation risk, likuidity risk, credit risk, and Operational risk have an unsignificant negative effect on profitability, however exchange rate risk has a significant negative effect on profitability.

Originality / value: originality in this research has no much research that use alcoholic beverages componies which produce alcoholic beverages type A during government released the rule about doesn’t allow to sell alcoholic beverages in convenience store.

 

Keywords: Systematic Risk, Unsystematic Rick, Profitability and Pool Data
The design of Thermoplastic packaging and products maker for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia
Authors: Cahyadi Dian , Lanta Lanta , Nurabdiansyah Nurabdiansyah , Farid Muhammad
Published: October 2019

The production technology of packaging and other products based on plastic material is not as complicated as many people think. This research is a study to find the proper method to use in the design of packaging and plastics maker tools. The product is dedicated to (Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia to encourage them to produce products with attractive packaging. By the creation of this toolmaker is also expected to be potentially marketable for industrial development based on the use of materials from plastic. The literature study method is used to collect all pertinent information about appropriate methods, systems, and technical molding that can be used to form the basis of application of design materials. The methods can be applied to the design plan of packaging equipment and plastic products. This research is based the basic concepts of engineering principles of equipment consisting of heating and forming process using vacuum cleaner machine tool that is easily obtained and prepare the box facilities that can be obtained around our environment. In addition, by understanding the engineering principles of equipment, vacuum forming can be done. This research shows that using Thermoplastic can produce not only the packaging that is the specific purpose of this research activity, but also has the potential market space to produce a wide range of other creative products.
Pengaruh Abdominal Stretching Exercise Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Haid Pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Faridah Faridah , Handini Haspita Rizki Syurya , Dita Revina
Published: October 2019

Di Indonesia, lebih dari 55% perempuan mengalami dismenore dan angka kejadian di Sumatera Barat mencapai 57,3%. Dismenore mengakibatkan 10% remaja putri kesulitan dalam beraktivitas, seperti tidak konsentrasi dalam belajar atau bahkan tidak hadir di sekolah. Abdominal stretching exercise merupakan terapi alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk menurunkan intensitas nyeri haid pada remaja putri di SMPN 1 Sungai Beremas Kabupaten Pasaman Barat Tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah preexperiment design dengan pendekatan one group pretest posttest design dan dari populasi sebanyak 84 remaja putri yang nyeri haid didapat sampel sebanyak 16 orang secara purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Oktober 2018 sampai Juni 2019. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara mengukur intensitas nyeri menggunakan numeric rating scale. Analisis data terdiri dari univariat dan bivariat menggunakan komputerisasi dengan uji t dependen. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata nyeri haid sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan abdominal stretching exercise adalah 4,88 dan 2,69. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh abdominal stretching exercise terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri haid dengan p value = 0,000.Berdasarkan hasil analisis diatas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa abdominal stretching exercise efektif dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri haid.Kata kunci : Dismenore, nyeri haid, abdominal stretching exercise
The Effectiveness of Mentoring Cadres in Baby Care in Blang Bintang Sub-District, Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Authors: Anita Cut
Published: October 2019

Introduction: A number of babies born in Aceh were 100,365 people in 2018. About 1,189 babies were declared dead. One of the ways to reduce mortality is that a cadres mentoring program has been carried out in rural villages. Purpose: To understand the effectiveness of cadre mentoring on baby care in Blang Bintang Sub-District, Aceh Besar District. Methods: The method of this study was a cross-sectional design. The population was 205 of the infants in Blang Bintang sub-district in 2018. Samples were infants
Adoption Determinants of Modern Rice Cultivars among Smallholders of Northern Iran
Authors: Ashoori Dariush , Allahyari Mohammad Sadegh , Bagheri Asghar , Damalas Christos A.
Published: October 2019

Several agronomic innovations and precision technologies have been developed and disseminated in rice cultivation, but adoption is often lagged, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this work was to collect information on the use of improved rice cultivars and factors affecting adoption through a farmers’ survey in Guilan Province, northern Iran. About 4 out of 10 farmers (42.8%) used improved rice cultivars. Above half of the farmers (55.2%) recognized the high profitability of this technology and half (49.8%) realized that modern rice cultivars are of great importance. However, there were some farmers who perceived no profitability (14.8%) or no importance (12.5%) regarding this technology. Additionally, 9.8% were not aware of the profitability, and 16.2% were not aware of the importance of the technology. The majority of the farmers (60.5%) collaborated with fellow farmers about common production problems. Nevertheless, low cooperation with extension agents was noted for 58.5% of the farmers and low attendance of local agricultural offices activities was noted for 59.8% of the farmers. A logistic regression analysis showed that perceived profitability and perceived importance of modern varieties, background in rice farming, and size of livestock holdings were positively associated with the adoption of improved cultivars. It can be concluded that the low acceptance of modern rice cultivars in the study area is related to current farming socio-economic conditions. Dissemination of information on improved cultivars from experienced farmers to other farmers should be considered to promote adoption, along with financial incentives to low-income farmers.
Substrate Volumetric Water Content Controls Growth and Development of Containerized Culinary Herbs
Authors: Currey Christopher J. , Flax Nicholas J. , Litvin Alexander G. , Metz Vincent C.
Published: October 2019

There are no chemical plant growth retardants that may be used on containerized culinary herbs intended for consumption. Our objective was to quantify the effect of substrate moisture content on the growth of four commonly produced culinary annual herbs grown in containers in the greenhouse. Seedlings of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss), and sage (Salvia officinalis L.) were transplanted into 11.4 cm diameter containers filled with commercial soilless substrate comprising (by vol.) 75% sphagnum peat moss and 25% coarse perlite and amended with 3.0 kg·m−3 of controlled-release fertilizer. After the containers were thoroughly irrigated to container capacity, plants were placed into a sensor-controlled irrigation system, which maintained substrate volumetric water content (VWC) at 0.15, 0.28, 0.30, 0.38, or 0.45 m3·m−3. Chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration were measured 27 d after initiating treatments, and the results showed that chlorophyll fluorescence of parsley and photosynthesis of basil increased as substrate VWC increased from 0.15 to 0.45 m3·m−3; the remaining parameters for basil, parsley, and sage were unaffected. Additionally, height, width, leaf area, and shoot dry mass of basil, dill, parsley, and sage increased as substrate volumetric water content increased from 0.15 to 0.45 m3·m−3. Our results show that growth of basil, dill, parsley, and sage can be promoted or inhibited by providing or withholding water, respectively, with no signs of stress or visual damage resulting from reduced substrate volumetric water content. Therefore, restricting irrigation and substrate volumetric water content is an effective nonchemical growth control method for containerized culinary herbs grown in peat-based substrate.
Identification and Expression Analysis of the NAC Gene Family in Coffea canephora
Authors: Dong Xiangshu , Jiang Yuan , Yang Yanan , Xiao Ziwei , Bai Xuehui , Gao Jing , Tan Shirui , Hur Yoonkang , Hao Shumei , He Feifei
Published: October 2019

The NAC gene family is one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators in plants, and it plays important roles in the regulation of growth and development as well as in stress responses. Genome-wide analyses have been performed in diverse plant species, but there is still no systematic analysis of the NAC genes of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner. In this study, we identified 63 NAC genes from the genome of C. canephora. The basic features and comparison analysis indicated that the NAC gene members increased via duplication events during the evolution of the plant. Phylogenetic analysis divided the NAC proteins from C. canephora, Arabidopsis and rice into 16 subgroups. Analysis of the expression patterns of CocNACs under cold stress and coffee bean development indicated that 38 CocNACs were differentially expressed under cold stress; six genes may play important roles in the process of cold acclimation, and four genes among 54 CocNACs showing a variety of expression patterns during different developmental stages of coffee beans may be positively related to the bean development. This study can expand our understanding of the functions of the CocNAC gene family in cold responses and bean development, thereby potentially intensifying the molecular breeding programs of Coffea spp. plants.
Breeding Strategies to Improve Miscanthus as a Sustainable Source of Biomass for Bioenergy and Biorenewable Products
Authors: Clifton-Brown John , Schwarz Kai-Uwe , Awty-Carroll Danny , Iurato Antonella , Meyer Heike , Greef Jörg , Gwyn Jeff , Mos Michal , Ashman Christopher , Hayes Charlotte , Huang Lin , Norris John , Rodgers Charlie , Scordia Danilo , Shafiei Reza , Squance Michael , Swaller Timothy , Youell Sue , Cosentino Salvatore , Flavell Richard , Donnison Iain , Robson Paul
Published: October 2019

Miscanthus, a C4 perennial grass native to Eastern Asia, is being bred to provide biomass for bioenergy and biorenewable products. Commercial expansion with the clonal hybrid M. × giganteus is limited by low multiplication rates, high establishment costs and drought sensitivity. These limitations can be overcome by breeding more resilient Miscanthus hybrids propagated by seed. Naturally occurring fast growing indigenous Miscanthus species are found in diverse environments across Eastern Asia. The natural diversity provides for plant breeders, the genetic resources to improve yield, quality, and resilience for a wide range of climates and adverse abiotic stresses. The challenge for Miscanthus breeding is to harness the diversity through selections of outstanding wild types, parents, and progenies over a short time frame to deploy hybrids that make a significant contribution to a world less dependent on fossil resources. Here are described the strategies taken by the Miscanthus breeding programme at Aberystwyth, UK and its partners. The programme built up one of the largest Miscanthus germplasm collections outside Asia. We describe the initial strategies to exploit the available genetic diversity to develop varieties. We illustrate the success of combining diverse Miscanthus germplasm and the selection criteria applied across different environments to identify promising hybrids and to develop these into commercial varieties. We discuss the potential for molecular selections to streamline the breeding process.
Zinc and Iron Agronomic Biofortification of Brassicaceae Microgreens
Authors: Di Gioia Francesco , Petropoulos Spyridon A. , Ozores-Hampton Monica , Morgan Kelly , Rosskopf Erin N.
Published: October 2019

Insufficient or suboptimal dietary intake of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) represent a latent health issue affecting a large proportion of the global population, particularly among young children and women living in poor regions at high risk of malnutrition. Agronomic crop biofortification, which consists of increasing the accumulation of target nutrients in edible plant tissues through fertilization or other eliciting factors, has been proposed as a short-term approach to develop functional staple crops and vegetables to address micronutrient deficiency. The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the potential for biofortification of Brassicaceae microgreens through Zn and Fe enrichment. The effect of nutrient solutions supplemented with zinc sulfate (Exp-1; 0, 5, 10, 20 mg L−1) and iron sulfate (Exp-2; 0, 10, 20, 40 mg L−1) was tested on the growth, yield, and mineral concentration of arugula, red cabbage, and red mustard microgreens. Zn and Fe accumulation in all three species increased according to a quadratic model. However, significant interactions were observed between Zn or Fe level and the species examined, suggesting that the response to Zn and Fe enrichment was genotype specific. The application of Zn at 5 and 10 mg L−1 resulted in an increase in Zn concentration compared to the untreated control ranging from 75% to 281%, while solutions enriched with Fe at 10 and 20 mg L−1 increased Fe shoot concentration from 64% in arugula up to 278% in red cabbage. In conclusion, the tested Brassicaceae species grown in soilless systems are good targets to produce high quality Zn and Fe biofortified microgreens through the simple manipulation of nutrient solution composition.
Further Disruption of the TAS3 Pathway via the Addition of the AGO7 Mutation to the DRB1, DRB2 or DRB4 Mutations Severely Impairs the Reproductive Competence of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Pegler Joseph L. , Oultram Jackson M. J. , Curtin Shaun J. , Grof Christopher P. L. , Eamens Andrew L.
Published: October 2019

The previous assignment of functional roles for AGO7, and the DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA BINDING (DRB) proteins, DRB1, DRB2, and DRB4, in either microRNA (miRNA) or trans-acting small-interfering RNA (tasiRNA) production allowed for use of the loss-of-function mutant lines, drb1, drb2, drb4, and ago7, to further functionally characterize the TAS3 pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). Towards achieving this goal, we also describe the developmental and molecular phenotypes expressed by three newly generated Arabidopsis lines, the drb1ago7, drb2ago7, and drb4ago7 double mutants. We show that the previously reported developmental abnormalities displayed by the drb1, drb2, drb4, and ago7 single mutants, are further exacerbated in the drb1ago7, drb2ago7, and drb4ago7 double mutants, with rosette area, silique length, and seed set all impaired to a greater degree in the double mutants. Molecular assessment of the TAS3 pathway in the floral tissues of the seven analyzed mutants revealed that DRB1 is the sole DRB required for miR390 sRNA production. However, DRB2 and DRB4 appear to play secondary roles at this stage of the TAS3 pathway to ensure that miR390 sRNA levels are tightly maintained. We further show that the expression of the TAS3-derived tasiARF target genes, AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 (ARF2), ARF3, and ARF4, was altered in drb1ago7, drb2ago7, and drb4ago7 flowers. Altered ARF2, ARF3, and ARF4 expression was in turn demonstrated to lead to changes in the level of expression of KAN1, KAN3, and KAN4, three KANADI transcription factor genes known to be transcriptionally regulated by ARF2, ARF3, and ARF4. Taken together, the demonstrated relationship between altered ARF and KAN gene expression in drb1ago7, drb2ago7 and drb4ago7 flowers, could, in part, explain the more severe developmental defects displayed by the double mutants, compared to milder impact that loss of only a single piece of TAS3 pathway protein machinery was demonstrated to have on drb1, drb2, drb4 and ago7 reproductive development.
Growth, Critical N Concentration and Crop N Demand in Butterhead and Crisphead Lettuce Grown under Mediterranean Conditions
Authors: Conversa Giulia , Elia Antonio
Published: October 2019

Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizers are applied in lettuce causing both environmental issues and N crop luxury consumption. In order to improve the N use efficiency (NUE) by defining optimal crop growth and N requirements of butterhead and crisphead lettuce, two field experiments were conducted using 0, 50, and 100 kg ha−1 of N fertilizer to study (i) the growth and productivity, (ii) the NUE, (iii) the critical N dilution curve, and (iv) the N demand. Nitrogen supply enhanced dry weight (DW) accumulation in the butterhead (from 295 to 410 g m−2), but not in the crisphead type (251 g m−2). The NUE indices underlined the poor ability of the crisphead type in absorbing soil N and also in the utilization of the absorbed N for producing DW. The critical N dilution curves %Nc = 3.96 DW−0.205 and %Nc = 3.65 DW−0.115 were determined for crisphead and butterhead lettuce, respectively. Based on these type-specific %Nc curves, the estimated N demand was 125 kg ha−1 in the butterhead and 80 kg ha−1 in the crisphead lettuce for producing 4.3 and 2.5 Mg ha−1 of DW, respectively, under Mediterranean climate. Neither N fertilization nor genotype affected crop productivity.
Optimal Salinity for Head-Starting Northern River Terrapins (Batagur baska Gray, 1831)
Authors: Jualaong Suthep , Songnui Anida , Thongprajukaew Karun , Ninwat Santi , Khwanmaung Suwandee , Hahor Waraporn , Khunsaeng Pairat , Kanghae Hirun
Published: October 2019

Northern river terrapins (Batagur baska Gray, 1831) are Asia’s largest turtles living in both freshwater and brackish water. In the current study, the optimal salinity for head-starting programs of this critically endangered species was investigated in order to serve the well-being of turtles before release to natural habitat. Forty-eight terrapins (54.64 ± 0.18 g initial body weight) were randomly distributed to four salinity levels (0, 4, 8, and 12 ppt) and reared for eight weeks, using three replicates with four terrapins each. At the end of rearing trial, growth performance and feed utilization parameters were superior in terrapins reared at 4 ppt, followed by 8 ppt in the rank order of treatments. Negative stress responses were observed in terrapins reared at 12 ppt, as the fecal activity of amylase-to-trypsin ratio was changed significantly, but not that of proteolytic enzymes. The fecal thermal transition properties indicated an abundance of nutrients in the post-absorptive phase for terrapins reared at 4 ppt, followed by the 8 ppt treatment group. The preferred 4 ppt salinity had no negative effects on the health status of the terrapins in terms of carapace elemental composition or hematological parameters. Second-order polynomial regression suggests 4.35 ppt as the optimal salinity for maximal weight gain. Findings from the current study could be directly used in ex situ conservation programs of northern river terrapins before release to natural habitat.
Potential of Molecular Weight and Structure of Tannins to Reduce Methane Emissions from Ruminants: A Review
Authors: Aboagye Isaac A. , Beauchemin Karen A.
Published: October 2019

There is a need to reduce enteric methane (CH4) to ensure the environmental sustainability of ruminant production systems. Tannins are naturally found in both tropical and temperate plants, and have been shown to consistently decrease urinary nitrogen (N) excretion when consumed by ruminants. However, the limited number of in vivo studies conducted indicates that the effects of tannins on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, CH4 production and animal performance vary depending on source, type, dose, and molecular weight (MW). There are two main types of tannin in terrestrial plants: condensed tannin (CT; high MW) and hydrolysable tannin (HT; low MW). Consumption of CT and HT by ruminants can reduce N excretion without negatively affecting animal performance. High MW tannins bind to dietary protein, while low MW tannins affect rumen microbes, and thus, irrespective of type of tannin, N excretion is affected. The structure of high MW tannin is more diverse compared with that of low MW tannin, which may partly explain the inconsistent effects of CT on CH4 production reported in in vivo studies. In contrast, the limited number of in vivo studies with low MW HT potentially shows a consistent decrease in CH4 production, possibly attributed to the gallic acid subunit. Further in vivo studies are needed to determine the effects of tannins, characterized by MW and structural composition, on reducing CH4 emissions and improving animal performance in ruminants.
Effects of Ginger Extract on Laying Performance, Egg Quality, and Antioxidant Status of Laying Hens
Authors: Wen Chao , Gu Yunfeng , Tao Zhengguo , Cheng Zongjia , Wang Tian , Zhou Yanmin
Published: October 2019

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ginger extract (GE) as a dietary supplement for laying hens. A total of 40-week-old 288 Hyline Brown laying hens were randomly divided into two groups with six replicates, and fed a basal diet with or without 100 g/t GE for eight weeks. Dietary GE supplementation increased egg weight, albumin height, and Haugh unit of eggs, and decreased yolk cholesterol content and activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in serum at eight weeks. Moreover, GE resulted in higher total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content in yolk at four and eight weeks and in serum. It was concluded that GE was effective in increasing egg weight and improving the egg quality and antioxidant status of laying hens.
Bta-miR-24-3p Controls the Myogenic Differentiation and Proliferation of Fetal Bovine Skeletal Muscle-Derived Progenitor Cells by Targeting ACVR1B
Authors: Hu Xin , Xing Yishen , Ren Ling , Wang Yahui , Li Qian , Fu Xing , Yang Qiyuan , Xu Lingyang , Willems Luc , Li Junya , Zhang Lupei
Published: October 2019

MicroRNAs modulate a variety of cellular events, including skeletal muscle development, but the molecular basis of their functions in fetal bovine skeletal muscle development is poorly understood. In this study, we report that bta-miR-24-3p promotes the myogenic differentiation of fetal bovine PDGFRα- progenitor cells. The expression of bta-miR-24-3p increased during myogenic differentiation. Overexpression of bta-miR-24-3p significantly promoted myogenic differentiation, but inhibited proliferation. A dual-luciferase assay identified ACVR1B as a direct target of bta-miR-24-3p. Similarly, knocking down ACVR1B by RNA interference also significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted the differentiation of bovine PDGFRα- progenitor cells. Thus, our study provides a mechanism in which bta-miR-24-3p regulates myogenesis by inhibiting ACVR1B expression.
Attitudes of Pig and Poultry Industry Stakeholders in Guandong Province, China, to Animal Welfare and Farming Systems
Authors: Sinclair Michelle , Yan Wang , Phillips Clive J. C.
Published: October 2019

Although the People’s Republic of China produces more animals for consumption than any other country, very little is known about the attitudes of stakeholders in the livestock industries to animal welfare in farming systems. This study investigated the attitudes of stakeholders in pig and poultry farming in south China towards animal welfare in different farming systems, pig and poultry behaviour, and the inherent value of the animals themselves. Respondents thought welfare was important, particularly if they had worked in the industry a long time, and that they intended to make improvements, even though they also believed it to be generally satisfactory. Outdoor systems were perceived to be better for welfare but indoor systems better for food safety, particularly among respondents that had gained their knowledge from multiple sources. Respondents believed pigs and chickens to have equally important needs, despite the fact that pigs were considered more intelligent than chickens. Pig farmers with outdoor systems had a more positive attitude to making welfare improvements compared with those operating intensive indoor systems. However an absence of enrichment in chicken farms increased respondents’ intentions to make improvements, and these were more likely to occur on small chicken farms. Veterinarians and government officials were more likely to perceive welfare as unsatisfactory or to want change it than those working directly with animals. City residents were more likely to support and express confidence that they could improve animal welfare, compared to rural residents. It is concluded that stakeholders in China’s pig and poultry production industries recognised a need to improve welfare, although they saw a conflict with production of safe food. However, farmers involved in intensive production systems were less likely to perceive a need or capacity to improve welfare than those operating more extensive systems, suggesting a dichotomisation of the people in the industry into those in small and outdoor farms that could and were improving welfare and those in indoor intensive farms who did not envisage this happening.
Improved Post-Thaw Quality of Canine Semen after Treatment with Exosomes from Conditioned Medium of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Qamar Ahmad , Fang Xun , Kim Min , Cho Jongki
Published: October 2019

Freezing decreases sperm quality, ultimately affecting fertilizing ability. The repair of freeze-damaged sperm is considered crucial for improving post-thaw viability and fertility. We investigated the effects of exosomes derived from canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on dog sperm structure and function during cryopreservation. The pooled ejaculate was diluted with buffer, without (Control), or with exosomal proteins (25, 50, or 100 µg/mL). Using fresh semen, the determined optimal exosomal protein concentration was 50 µg/mL (Group 2) which was used in further experiments. Post-thaw sperm treated with exosomes were superior to control (p < 0.05) in terms of motility (56.8 ± 0.3% vs. 47.2 ± 0.3%), live sperm percentage (55.9 ± 0.4% vs. 45.4 ± 0.4%), membrane integrity (55.6 ± 0.5% vs. 47.8 ± 0.3%), and acrosome integrity (60.4 ± 1.1% vs. 48.6 ± 0.4%). Moreover, expression of genes related to the repair of the plasma membrane (ANX 1, FN 1, and DYSF), and chromatin material (H3, and HMGB 1) was statistically higher in exosome-treated sperm than control, but the expression of the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species modulator 1 gene was significantly higher in control. Therefore, exosomal treatment may improve the quality of post-thaw dog semen through initiating damaged sperm repair and decreasing reactive oxygen species production.
Puffing as a Novel Process to Enhance the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric)
Authors: Choi Yohan , Ban Insu , Lee Hyungjae , Baik Moo-Yeol , Kim Wooki
Published: October 2019

Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) is used as a food spice; however, its strong taste restricts wider applications as a food ingredient despite its well-known health benefits. To develop an effective yet simple process for enhancing its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, turmeric was gun-puffed at various pressures. Puffed turmeric exhibited an increase in its brown color and porous structures, indicating the occurrence of the Maillard reaction and vaporization during the process. Proximal analysis revealed that puffing did not alter the major constituents, although a very small decrease in crude fat extraction was observed under some circumstances. Total phenolic compounds in the extract were significantly increased after puffing, and subsequent assessment of antioxidant capacity, as determined using independent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, demonstrated enhanced antioxidant capacity in a puffing-pressure-dependent manner. Turmeric extract was further tested for the regulation of inflammatory responses in the murine macrophage RAW264.7 cell line. Suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced macrophages was amplified using puffed-turmeric extracts compared to the control extract. Furthermore, macrophage-activation assessment revealed downregulated expression of inflammation-relevant cluster of differentiation (CD)80 and CD86 using puffed-turmeric extract in a puffing-pressure-dependent manner. However, expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II, which controls adoptive immunity, was not affected by treatment with any of the turmeric extracts. Overall, the current study demonstrated that puffing is a promising and simple method for enhancing the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of turmeric.