bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Virtual and Augmented Reality on Quality of Medical Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sadek Omar , Baldwin Fiona , Gray Rebecca , Khayyat Nadine , Fotis Theofanis
Published: June 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent mandatory social distancing led to widespread disruption of medical education. This contributed to the accelerated introduction of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technology in medical education.

Objective

The objective of this quantitative narrative synthesis review is to summarize the recent quantitative evidence on the impact of VR and AR on medical education.

Methods

A literature search for articles published between March 11, 2020 and January 31, 2022 was conducted using the following electronic databases: Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, AMED, EMCARE, BNI, and HMIC. Data on trainee confidence, skill transfer, information retention, and overall experience were extracted.

Results

The literature search generated 448 results, of which 13 met the eligibility criteria. The studies reported positive outcomes in trainee confidence and self-reported knowledge enhancement. Additionally, studies identified significant improvement in the time required to complete surgical procedures in those trained on VR (mean procedure time 97.62±35.59) compared to traditional methods (mean procedure time 121.34±12.17). However, participants also reported technical and physical challenges with the equipment (26%, 23 of 87).

Conclusions

Based on the studies reviewed, immersive technologies offer the greatest benefit in surgical skills teaching and as a replacement for lecture- and online-based learning. The review identified gaps that could be areas for future research.
Quality of Co-trimoxazole Tablets Marketed in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Koech Lilian C. , Keter Lucia K. , Ondicho Joyce M. , Irungu Beatrice N.
Published: June 2023

Background: Poor-quality medicines reduce the therapeutic efficacy of medicines, negatively impacting the treatment outcomes, prevention, and  management of fatal infections. This cross-sectional study evaluated the quality of selected co-trimoxazole tablets marketed in Nairobi County, Kenya.

Methodology: A total of 42 samples categorized into ten brands were evaluated for active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content and uniformity of  weight following United State Pharmacopeia (USP). Additionally, a visual inspection of the packaging and labelling was performed to confirm whether  they adhered to World Health Organization's Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) guidelines.

Results: The majority of the samples were of local origin (70%). By 23rd October 2019, the retention status of one of the ten brands documented was not  documented in the Pharmacy and Poisons Board retention register. Of the 42 samples analyzed, 97.6% and 69.01% complied with United States  Pharmacopeia (USP) specifications for uniformity of weight and API, respectively, while all samples adhered to packaging and labelling requirements.

Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that most co-trimoxazole tablets tested complied with USP requirements. Additionally, it has provided evidence  of the presence of poorquality co-trimoxazole medicines that could compromise the treatment of infectious diseases. Therefore, regular surveillance and  stringent penalties that ensure quality medicines are essential.
Risky Sexual Behavior and Associated Factors among Youth in Kakamega and Kericho Counties, Kenya
Authors: Khasewa Joab , Mwanzo Isaac , Orago Alloys
Published: June 2023

Introduction: HIV remains the most significant public health and developmental challenge in the world. In Kenya, just like the rest of sub-Saharan Africa,  young people aged 15-24 years bear the biggest brunt of the HIV epidemic. Lack of comprehensive knowledge of HIV prevention, low condom use, low  uptake of HIV services and having multiple sexual partners, have been associated with these trends. This study set out to determine risky sexual  behaviour and associated factors among youth in Kakamega and Kericho Counties in Kenya.

Methodology: To achieve this, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among youth in Kakamega and Kericho counties, Kenya. Consenting young people  residing in these counties were the study subjects. Data was collected through structured interviews with young people using a standard  questionnaire and direct observation. The qualitative data were transcribed, translated and entered into NVivo software for coding and further analysis.  The quantitative data were entered into SPSS for descriptive and inferential analysis.

Results: Despite the youths in both counties having high comprehensive knowledge of HIV prevention at 79.3%, they still engaged in risky sexual  behaviours and 60.6% were in a sexual relationship. The uptake of HIV testing was 58.4% with an HIV prevalence of 6.9%. Condom use was only 48.1%  and both males and females did not reveal irritation in the genital area to partners χ2 - test showing (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: The results of this study will  inform the design of an HIV prevention information package that will promote safer sexual behaviour among young people.
Factors affecting compliance to preoperative patient care guidelines among nurses working in surgical wards of a tertiary referral hospital in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Makau Prisca Mbula , Mbithi Bernard Wambua , Odero James
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Worldwide, over 234 million surgical patients are operated on yearly with 3%-16% of them developing complications and other preventable surgical mistakes. To mitigate these negative surgical outcomes, pre-operative patient care guidelines (PPCG) have been developed. However, poor compliance with the guideline may lead to surgical errors. In Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) 20% of surgical errors and 10% of cancelled surgeries are due to poor compliance with PPCG. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the level of compliance with PPCG and its associated factors among perioperative nurses at KNH.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This was an analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted at the KNH surgical wards. The census method was utilized to collect data among 103 nurses and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Bivariate analysis with Fischer’s exact test was used for the correlation between the independent and dependent variables, with a p-value of <0.05 being considered to be statistically significant at a 95% confidence interval.

RESULTS

Most [59(57.3%)] of the participants had low compliance to PPCG, with nurses’ experience (p=<0.001), gender (p=0.02), level of education (p=<0.001), having post-basic nursing training (p=0.02), not having training in PPCG (p=<0.001) and knowledge on PPCG (p=<0.001) being significantly associated with compliance to PPCG.

CONCLUSION

Most of the nurses have low compliance levels to PPCG, with nursing experience, nurses of the male gender, not having post-basic nursing training and not having training in PPCG use being the main contributing factors.
Agricultural Residues as Potential Diluents in Natural Rubber Formulation
Authors: Oboh J. O. , Ajekwene K. K. , Salako O. , Ugo U. K.
Published: June 2023

Agricultural residues such as Maize Husk, Groundnut Shell, Coconut Shell and Sugarcane Bagasse were collected, sorted, dried and ground to particulate fillers. The various fillers were characterized in terms of density, moisture content and pH value. Single ordinates of 150 µm particle size and 30 parts per hundred of rubber (pphr) loading were respectively adopted for all filler types. They were used alongside with conventional Sulphur vulcanization system (high Sulphur to low organo-accelerator level) in the formulations of natural rubber compounds. Tests such as tensile strength at 400% elongation, constant force compression set, abrasion resistance as a function of percentage mass retention on surface exposure to a rotating abrasive surface and thermal stability using differential scanning calorimeter were carried out. Results obtained revealed that rubber vulcanizate samples filled with coconut shell and sugarcane bagasse had hardness values of 58 and 57 on Shore A scale while unfilled vulcanizate and carbon black filled sample had respective values of 45 and 49 Shore A hardness. However, unfilled vulcanizate and carbon black filled vulcanizate showed superior values of tensile strength at 400% elongation to the ones filled with agricultural residues. Therefore, these agricultural residues can serve as diluents in the formulation of rubber vulcanizates.
Effect of Ethanol and Acetone Cosolvents in Enhancing Electrokinetic Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil Obtained from a Pipeline and Storage Company, Kaduna Nigeria
Authors: Haruna B. I. , Adebayo K. , Sani J. E. , Moses G. , Ibrahim S. I.
Published: June 2023

A lot of work has shown that despite the effectiveness of the traditional electrokinetic remediation (EKR) technology in decontaminating soils with different types and amounts of contaminants, it can be enhanced by a number of strategies for extra effective performance. This work presents the effect of ethanol and acetone cosolvents in enhancing EKR of crude oil contaminated soil (COCS), collected at a depth of 1 m from a petroleum pipeline and storage company, Kaduna Nigeria using graphite electrodes to pass 1 V DC/cm across EKR setups enhanced by incorporating 20% ethanol and 20% acetone separately as cosolvents in the anode compartments of the setups. The total petroleum hydrocarbon results showed that the crude oil content of 78,600 mg/kg present in the COCS exceeds permissible limits for soils. Average removal efficiencies of 74.61% and 67.79% obtained from 20% ethanol and 20% acetone cosolvents enhancements respectively showed that 20% ethanol, with higher removal efficiency, is a better cosolvents for COCS than 20% acetone. Although 20% ethanol has been shown to be a better cosolvents compared to 20% acetone, either of them can be incorporated into EKR technology for enhancing the remediation of COCS.
Characterization and health risk assessment of consumed herbal and energy drinks in some south-west states, Nigeria.
Authors: Osobamiro Temitope M. , Adebisi Mayowa S. , Mensah Peter K.
Published: June 2023

This study determines the physicochemical properties and concentrations of heavy metals in eighteen energy drinks (ED) and twelve herbal mixtures (HM) purchased from two markets in South-West, Nigeria. Physiochemical properties and metal contents were determined using standard methods and Inductive Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrophotometer (ICP-OES) respectively. The health risk was estimated by calculating the Hazard Quotient (HQ), Hazard Index (HI) and Carcinogenic Risk (CR). The result of physiochemical properties are as follows: pH ≤ (5.53, 6.09), TDS ≤ (95.2, 846) and EC ≤ (194, 787). The concentrations of As and heavy metals (mg/L) in ED and HM were ≤; As (0.006, 0.001), Cd (0.008, 0.007), Co (0.007, 0.004), Cr (0.008, 0.052), Cu (0.061, 0.007), Fe (15.0, 7.28), Mn (2.03, 2.29), Ni (0.010, 0.004), Pb (0.016, 0.005) and Zn (8.86, 4.02). Levels in ED were higher than HM except for Cr and Mn and all were within the permissible levels except Co, Fe, Mn and Zn in some ED and HM samples. The HQ and total HQ for all the metals in ED and HM are less than 1.00 except Mn and Zn while, total HI was 5.21. Carcinogenic risk of Cd and Pb in most of the HM were above the acceptable limit so, long term consumption should be discouraged.
Sustainability and justice: farm animals in rural tourism and lessons to be learned
Authors: Bertella Giovanna
Published: June 2023

Farm animals are virtually ignored in tourism studies concerning sustainability and justice. This study argues that this conflicts with animal ethics and is a missed opportunity to reflect on sustainability and justice in tourism. It adopts an ecofeminist care ethics perspective and conducts autoethnographic research into farm animals, considered ‘silenced’ individuals belonging to a marginalised group in rural tourism. The case is used to discuss farm animal justice and identify some lessons on sustainability and justice in broader terms, more precisely about the power–responsibility link, some major obstacles, possible change agents, and the time frame for broad radical improvements. This study highlights the potential and challenges of autoethnography to gain insights into marginalised groups and extract lessons relevant to broader topics.
Ludowy obraz człowieka utrwalony w nazwach roślin na przykładzie leksyki górali rabczańskich
Authors: Kulak Ilona
Published: June 2023

Monografia Ilony Kulak to opracowanie nowatorskie, o wysokich walorach naukowych, poznawczych, tożsamościowych, edukacyjnych i społecznych. Zainteresuje nie tylko dialektologów i etnolingwistów, ale także socjolingwistów, onomastów, kulturoznawców, etnologów, etnografów, historyków języka, antropologów, botaników. Celem opisu jest ukazanie obrazu społeczności wiejskiej utrwalonego w fitonimach i rozwijanego na podstawie 647 nazw ziół, traw, chwastów, kwiatów, zbóż, drzew i krzewów funkcjonujących w języku górali rabczańskich. Autorka analizuje słowa i desygnaty jako zespolone ze sobą kulturowe wyznaczniki miejsca i czasu, włączone w ludową wizję świata, opartą na relacji między językiem a kulturą. Książka jest zwarta strukturalnie, zwięzła myślowo, a jednocześnie rozbudowana interpretacyjnie, z nienaganną segmentacją oraz typologią materiału badawczego. Rozważania teoretyczne harmonijnie łączą się z wnikliwą analizą szczegółową, wpisaną w szerszy obraz językowo-kulturowej przestrzeni. Zwraca uwagę erudycyjny styl wywodu naukowego, co sprawia, że monografię czyta się z prawdziwą przyjemnością. Analizy są subtelne, precyzyjne, ale jednocześnie wieloaspektowe.
Improving the Legal Support of Linguistic and Cultural Aspects of Language Learning at School
Authors: Kononenko Vitalii , Ostapchuk Yana , Fizeshi Oktaviia , Humeniuk Iryna , Rozman Iryna
Published: June 2023

The main objective of the study was to analyze ways to improve the legal support of the linguistic and cultural aspects of language learning at school. The key method used involved a combination of modern modeling techniques. The specific topic is legal relations for language learning. The novelty is a model of legal support. Legal regulation of education is a historically conditioned form of organization of the educational process, formed as a result of the gradual growth of the role of state institutions in the performance of regulatory functions and the development of social relations. The new requirements faced by a modern teacher, his training and professional quality, make it necessary to take into account the experience and the latest achievements of other countries in the field of educational policy, in particular, in the field of foreign language teaching, as well as to identify and overcome the negative ones. In the conclusions of the case, based on the results of the study, the key aspect of improving the legal support of linguistic and cultural aspects of language learning in school was characterized.
Clusters as a Mechanism for Solving Socio-Economic Problems of Post-Conflict Ukraine
Authors: Predmestnikov Oleh , Vasylenko Viktor , Fastovets Nataliia , Kurepina Olena , Hanych Olha
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the article was to analyze the cluster strategy in various countries of the world and to highlight the legal instruments that can be used in the process of creation and operation of clusters in Ukraine, taking into account the existing post-conflict socio-economic problems. The research methods used were: analysis, synthesis, consistency, comparison, generalization and prognosis, etc. The main models of cluster development in the world practice are analyzed. The characteristics of the state strategy in the field of regional clustering in the USA, Canada, Italy, Germany, Austria, France, Finland, Japan and China are studied. The authors focused on the legal instruments used in the process of creation and operation of clusters in different countries of the world, which it is advisable to borrow and implement in the Ukrainian legislation. Finally, the following problems of cluster creation in Ukraine have been identified: the lack of a legislative framework; a state strategy to support clusters, as well as incentives for investors. It is concluded that clusters in a difficult socio-economic situation in Ukraine should help to attract investments and develop the economy of regions affected by hostilities.
Legal guarantees of lawyers’activities with respect to the provision of free secondary legal aid in the administrative court system
Authors: Shatrava Serhii , Vylkov Serhii , Sobol Yevhen , Maksymenko Nataliia , Zelenko Inna
Published: June 2023

The research was aimed at ascertaining the content of legal guarantees of the lawyer's activity in terms of rendering free secondary legal aid in administrative proceedings. With the help of general and special methods and cognition, it has been shown that the legal guarantees of a lawyer's activity as a subject of rendering free secondary legal aid have the following characteristics: 1) guarantee the freedom, without hindrance, of the exercise of the rights attributed to the lawyer and the due fulfillment of the duties attributed to the obligations; 2) the set of means, modalities and conditions that make up the content of the guarantees are always set at the appropriate regulatory and legal level; 3) they begin to operate after the occurrence of legal events that are related to the acquisition of special rights and obligations by the lawyer, and; 4) it is a component of the more general legal category "guarantee of defense". By way of conclusion, we can state that the legal guarantees of the lawyer's activity depend for their success on several factors: institutional, legal and contextual, which require particular treatment by future research.
Measures to prevent state default under martial law
Authors: Perestyuk Inga , Berezovska-Chmil Olena , Bilousov Yevhen , Yakoviyk Ivan , Zhukov Ihor
Published: June 2023

Debt security is especially relevant for developing countries, because they recover from economic shocks longer than developed countries, and the consequences of such shocks are catastrophic for them. Default is one of the most undesirable consequences of defaulting on a debt security, which determines the relevance of the topic under investigation. The aim of the study was to assess the current condition and state policy on the provision of debt security in Ukraine under martial law and to generalize measures to increase debt security and minimize the risk of default. The article used the following methods: economic statistical analysis, structural system approach and abstract logical method. The study found that, with the onset of a large-scale invasion, the share of public debt in Ukraine exceeded the recommended value by about 47 % and increased by more than 58 % compared to 2021. The conclusions of the research propose measures to increase debt security, divided into domestic and international measures.
Public control over the activities of the State Bureau of Investigation:
A comparative analysis
Authors: Gulak Оlena , Halai Andrii , Iarmolenko Iuliia , Spodynskyi Oleksandr , Kapitanenko Nataliia
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this work was to analyze the adequate level of legal support for the implementation of public control over the activities of the State Investigation Bureau through the activities of the Public Control Council. To achieve the objective, general scientific and special scientific methods of cognition were used simultaneously, in particular dialectical, logical-formal, analysis and synthesis, systemic-structural, legal-comparative, legal-formal and prognostic. On the basis of a comparative analysis of the legal regulation of the issues of formation and activity of the Public Control Councils in a number of newly created law enforcement bodies, a system of blocks was highlighted, which were the subject of analysis, namely: 1) control over the activity of the body; 2) powers of the Public Control Council; 3) the name of the main area of activity of the Public Council; 4) the object of approval of the Regulations of the Public Council. Everything allowed to conclude which are the "bad" normative constructions, the contradictory norms in the related normative acts and to locate the need for unification of approaches according to the identified structural blocks, which were the object of analysis. In addition, attention is focused on those directions that require further scientific analysis and regulatory optimization.
Tensiones y consensos en torno a los fenómenos educación, tics y políticas públicas: reflexiones desde el saber y poder
Authors: Llanga Vargas Edgar Francisco , Andrade Cuadrado Carlos Eduardo , Guacho Tixi Mercy Esthela
Published: June 2023

Teachers immersed in the digital world must use a set of technologies to achieve the objectives of their teaching activity; however, there is no doubt about the challenges generated by the incorporation of new information and communication technologies (ICTs) in education, which also produce a set of problems typical of the asymmetrical relations of knowledge and power, within the framework of what knowledge societies mean in the global south, a space identified by inequalities of all kinds. In this order of ideas, the objective of the article is to discuss the main tensions and consensus around the phenomena: Education, Tics and Public Policies, dichotomously assumed as interrelated concepts and social phenomena of global scope. For the theoretical development of the research, political materialism was used and, methodologically, the documentary research technique and the hermeneutic interpretation of the texts reviewed. It is concluded that ICTs, as part of the technological evolution and their contribution to contemporary educational practices, both in their modalities and their potential for expansion to other educational models, should be a priority in educational policies.
Legal tools and prospects of state regulation of the quality management system in the sphere of tourism
Authors: Baiev Vadym , Karolop Olena , Mirzodaieva Tetiana , Hopkalo Larysa , Kolisnychenko Tetiana
Published: June 2023

Using an analytical and documentary methodology based on the review of high-impact scientific literature, the objective of the article was to develop the legal-conceptual principles of the quality management system in the field of tourism. Everything indicates that, product quality assurance means a set of legal and planned measures of a systematic nature that create the necessary conditions for the implementation of each stage of the quality concept, so that, the product meets the quality requirements of the market segment. One of the main principles of creating a concept of quality management in the field of tourism is a correct definition of the concept of quality of tourism services in the broader framework of the legal regulation of the system of tourism management. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the tourism industry is one of the promising areas of the development of global economic relations, and in the context of the transformation of the economy of a country, increasing the efficiency of the functioning of this industry acquires special relevance for the achievement of social welfare.
GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NA ERA COVID-19
Authors: García Lirios Cruz , José Marcos Bustos Aguayo  , Javier Carreón Guillén
Published: June 2023

A pandemia impactou a gestão do conhecimento por meio de políticas anti-COVID-19 de distanciamento social e confinamento. Os sistemas educacionais passaram da sala de aula presencial para a sala de aula virtual por meio da autogestão de conteúdos de acordo com a tecnologia, dispositivos e plataformas. O objetivo deste artigo foi explorar as dimensões da gestão do conhecimento no contexto da crise sanitária. Foi realizado um trabalho psicométrico, exploratório, correlacional e transversal com uma amostra de 100 estudantes selecionados com base em suas habilidades em informática, empreendedorismo informacional e inovação acadêmica em uma universidade no centro do México. Os resultados indicam a não rejeição da hipótese nula quanto às diferenças entre a estrutura teórica das três dimensões em relação à estrutura empírica observada. Em relação às políticas antipandêmicas, a prevenção de riscos e a promoção da autogestão do conhecimento são recomendadas como fator extensivo do modelo proposto.
LA EDUCACIÓN EN LA ERA TECNOLÓGICA: Práctica de enseñanza mediadas por las tecnologías digitales en la educación del siglo XXI
Authors: Susana Copertari  , Cynthia de Souza Lima
Published: June 2023

Las diversas innovaciones tecnológicas surgidas en los últimos tiempos vienen provocados cambios significativos en la sociedad. Estas innovaciones invitan a los educadores y profesionales de diferentes segmentos de la educación a vencer grandes desafíos que se presentan ante la necesidad de continuar promoviendo el desarrollo de nuevos conocimientos frente a los estudiantes que viven en una realidad impregnada de diferentes herramientas tecnológicas. Éstas les posibilitan acercar una gran cantidad de conocimientos por medio de ordenador o aparato celular conectado a la web. En medio de tantas novedades tecnológicas, transformaciones sociales y culturales presentes en la sociedad, se entiende que también se cambien los modos de enseñar, aprender y mediar en los procesos de construcción del conocimiento. Así, se hace necesario que los profesores busquen actualizar sus prácticas pedagógicas mirando los intereses de sus estudiantes como protagonistas del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Cabe a los profesores proporcionar a sus estudiantes diferentes conocimientos específicos y experiencias de aprendizajes por medios de herramientas y dispositivos tecnológicas que puedan auxiliar el proceso de desarrollo de sus aprendizajes, de una manera más autónoma y motivadora. En este trabajo, a través de la investigación bibliográfica, tratamos de comprender el impacto de las innovaciones tecnológicas en el área de la educación, mirando su utilización en el aula, como un instrumento mediador para desarrollar una enseñanza poderosa (MAGGIO, 2018), llevando en consideración las cuestiones relacionadas al cambio tecnológico y la cultura digital (DE ALBA,  1987) en nuestras sociedades complejas, para así, comprender las práctica de enseñanza mediadas por las tecnologías digitales en la educación del siglo XXI y su relevancia para una educación transformadora.
INFLUÊNCIA DA LITERATURA INFANTIL NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS CRIANÇAS EM FASE DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO NOS ANOS INICIAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Franceli Costa Cavalcante  , Carlos Leonardo Lesniowski  , Francisco Carlos da Silva Caetano
Published: June 2023

Com objetivo de compreender como a literatura infantil influencia no processo de desenvolvimento humano e da aprendizagem das crianças, observou-se que os seres humanos estão em constante transformação, que vai desde o seu período de formação uterina até o último suspiro de vida e, neste processo de formação é influenciado por diferentes maneiras pelo meio, para que, aos poucos possa ir se construindo, se transformando e modificando sua realidade de mundo ao seu redor.  A literatura infantil é um dos elementos que compõe o meio social e que pode favorecer o desenvolvimento humano despertando vários gatilhos de habilidades capazes de serem desenvolvidas ao longo de sua vida. Neste trabalho buscamos compreender, por meio de um breve estudo bibliográfico como a literatura infantil influencia o desenvolvimento das crianças em fase de alfabetização nos anos iniciais da Educação Básica. Buscamos no estudo bibliográfico analisar as literaturas que apontam a importância da Literatura Infantil no desenvolvimento humano e sua contribuição no processo de aprendizagem.
The impacts of firm-level and country-level variables on Environmental, social and corporate governance greenwashing
Authors: EROL Duygu , ÇANKAYA Serkan
Published: June 2023

Abstract While ESG investments have increased in the last 10 years, stakeholders are curious about the correctness of the ESG claims of companies. Greenwashing (GW) is a conscious and selective information disclosure of firms to create a positive image in the eyes of the stakeholders. It limits the integration of ESG data into investments as the stakeholders lose their trust in that declarations. Unaudited sustainability reports, lack of standardization in disclosure rules of ESG data, and the absence of a global governance body to ensure the accuracy of reported ESG information increase the risk of GW behaviors. Purpose: The motivation of this study is to help out stakeholders to determine which company factors (size, profitability, board structure, governance model) and country factors (corruption, unemployment, wealth of the society) impact the ESG greenwashing behaviors within STOXX 600. Method: We implemented a panel regression model. The dataset covers STOXX 600 firms from 2009-2020. Findings: The results show that each ESG GW dimension is impacted by a different company and country variables. An increase in CSR committee and embedding sustainable factors into the Executive remuneration are two main factors that decrease all three dimensions of GW behaviors. Company governance and financial factors have more impact on the GW compared to the country factors. Originality: According to our knowledge, this is the first research that evaluates each greenwashing dimension at the firm and country levels.
DÖVİZ PİYASASINA MÜDAHALELERİ ETKİNLİĞİ: T.C. MERKEZ BANKASI
Authors: CANİKLİ Nurettin
Published: June 2023

Ülkeler arasındaki sermaye hareketlerinin serbestleşmesine paralel olarak esnek kur sistemlerine geçişle birlikte döviz kurlarındaki oynaklıktaki artış ve döviz kurunun seviyesindeki değişiminin hız kazanması, gelişen piyasa ekonomilerinde, fiyat istikrarı başta olmak üzere makro ekonomik yapısalların dengelenme mekanizmalarını olumsuz yönde etkilemeye başlamıştır. Merkez bankaları, döviz kurundaki değişimden kaynaklanan fiyatlar genel seviyesindeki artışları engellemek veya yavaşlatmak için yoğun bir şekilde döviz piyasasına müdahalede bulunarak, döviz kurundaki oynaklığı azaltmaya ve döviz kurunun seviyesini değiştirmeye çalışmaktadırlar. TC Merkez Bankası da rezerv biriktirmek için alım yönlü, döviz kuru oynaklığını ve döviz kurundaki artış trendini durdurmak için satım yönlü müdahalelerde bulunmaktadır. Merkez Bankası’nın döviz piyasasına müdahalelerinin etkinliği literatürde çokça tartışılmaktadır.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, 29.03.2001-17.12.2021 döneminde Merkez Bankası tarafından döviz piyasasına yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilen müdahalelerin etkinliğini ölçmek amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: TCMB'nin döviz kuru oynaklığını azaltmaya yönelik müdahalelerinin etkinliği ARCH (Otoregresif Koşullu Varyans Varyansı) modelleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular en uygun modelin E-GARCH modeli olduğunu göstermiştir.

Bulgular: Alım yönlü müdahalelerdeki sınırlı ve küçük oranlı başarı hariç, satım yönlü müdahalelerin döviz kurunun seviyesinin değiştirilmesinde etkin olmadığı ve döviz kuru müdahaleleri ile fiyatlar genel seviyesindeki artışın kontrol altına alınamadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Özgünlük: Çalışmanın literatüre hem kapsadığı dönem hem de etkinliğin ölçümüne bir yaklaşım sunması bakımından katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
The Investment Strategy of Sector Rotation over Business Cycles in the Indonesia Stock Exchange to Generate Superior Return
Authors:   School of Business and Management Bandung Institute of Technology & Indonesia, Sebayang Rabin , Soekarno Subiakto ,   School of Business and Management Bandung Institute of Technology & Indonesia
Published: June 2023

The investment strategy of sector rotation over business cycles is one of the investment strategies in The Indonesia Stock Exchange. The basic philosophy of the investment strategy of sector rotation is to invest assets in sectors that are expected to perform well and avoid sectors that are expected to perform otherwise. In this research, the investment strategy of sector rotation begins with the identification of the business cycle based on Indonesia’s economic growth or GDP data. The business cycle is divided into four stages referring to the movement of the GDP value, namely early contraction, late contraction, early expansion and late expansion. After the four stages of the business cycle the time period is found, the performance of stocks from each sector is calculated by the return and the amount of risk that accompanies it in the format of the average per sector, to find out which sectors have good performance at each stage of the business cycle. Sector performance is assumed to be good if the average rate of return can exceed the performance of the JCI which is used as a benchmark. After successfully identifying sectors that have good performance at each stage of the business cycle, the next step is compiling a portfolio. There are two portfolios formed, namely Portfolio A and Portfolio B. Portfolio A is composed of each sector whose performance is only if it is higher than the JCI and is selected at each stage of the business cycle. Meanwhile Portfolio B is compiled from each sector and selected at each stage of the business cycle whose performance is if and only if it is higher than the JCI and must be positive. Then the performance of the portfolio and the JCI is calculated by calculating the value of the growth rate of return by considering the risk during the period of one business cycle. The calculation results obtained are as follows: Portfolio A grew by 116.52%, Portfolio B 158.41% and JCI – 4.43%. Meanwhile, the Sharpe Ratio for Portfolio A is 2.92, Portfolio B is 4.73 and JCI is – 0.65. From these results it can be seen that the growth in the value of portfolio investment compiled from the investment strategy of sector rotation is quite larger than the growth of the JCI which is used as a benchmark, so it can be said that this strategy produces a superior return.
Unraveling the Cancer Metabolism: Fasting Reset, Ketogenic Diet? and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors:   Independent Researcher, 4501 Ford Ave., Alexandria, VA 22302, USA, Berg Eric , Tenenbaum Guy ,   Independent Researcher, 5558 E Leitner Drive, Coral Springs, FL 33067, USA, Israel Maurice ,   Institut Alfred Fessard, CNRS, 2 Av. Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Published: June 2023

Cancer cells harness a mechanism known as ketolysis to generate energy, a process that involves the enzymes SCOT and ACAT1, instrumental in the creation of a crucial molecule named acetyl-CoA. This molecule plays a vital role in cellular energy production. Interestingly, cancer cells are capable of alternative methods for generating acetyl-CoA, such as the incorporation of external acetate. Although restraining the function of SCOT and ACAT1 may decelerate cancerous growth, it could potentially impede the tumor cells’ ability to produce necessary new membranes for their survival.
The Impact of Gender on In-Hospital Outcome after Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Comparative Single Center Audit
Authors:   Master of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Sana'a University, Yemen, Al-Habeet Abdulhafeedh , Almaimony Taha
Published: June 2023

Background: In the literatures, there is still argument regarding whether female gender is correlated with worse outcome following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In recent years, using of PCI has steadily increased in Yemen. However, the impact of gender on the clinical outcome following PCI with 2nd generation drug-eluting stents is still unknown in Yemeni patients.
Geographical Features of Bronze Age Sites in the Midstream of Boseong River Using Palaeomorphic Environment Analysis
Authors:   Yeongnam Archaeological Review, Kim In Gyeong , Ahn Hyoung Ki
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to identify the topographical landscape of the Bronze age sites in the midstream area of the Boseong River which is currently submerged using the palaeomorphic environment analysis method and to restore the scale of the settlements. As a result of the palaeomorphic environment analysis, mountain(hills and pebbles), terrace, natural levee, alluvial fans, river island, and old river channel were observed in the midstream area of the Boseong River. Although there is a slight difference in the size of the settlement, the main location of the sites is the terrace. Terrace, a stable terrain free from river flooding, has been the best terrain for resident who have been living a settled life since prehistoric times. In order to resolve the uneven excavation status between settlements and tombs, the distribution ratio of 1 (dolmen): 10 (residential) surveyed in the Dalong district of Daegok-ri was substituted to calculate the residential prediction base for the terrain where dolmen were concentrated. As a result of analyzing the density of the settlements(residential base number/100㎡), the large settlements, central settlements, and middle settlements are separated, and the settlements is a residential center type, the tomb is a tomb center type, and the topography is different. The dolmens functioned to view the settlements and monitor other areas around it. The larger the settlement, the more a connecting network was formed within the relationship between the settlements. On the other hand, in unit settlements, settlements and tombs coexist within the same topographic space. The construction of a group of dolmens in an alluvial site away from the mountain seems to have been intended to maintain and strengthen the identity of the community.
The Growth and Transformation of the Political System in Goseong in the 3rd and 6th centuries Based on Archaeological Date
Authors:   Yeongnam Archaeological Review, Yeo Chang Hyun
Published: June 2023

Through archaeological data, this paper attempted to examine the process of transitional changes according to changes in the spatial domain of political bodies originating and growing in the Goseong area from the 3rd to the mid-to-late 6th century. Since about 1,800 years ago, the sea level in the Goseong area has risen again, making it possible to call port through Goseong Bay, and in the Goseongcheon alluvial plain area, freshwater lakes were formed, securing temporary land. Dongoe-dong Shell Mound is a central settlement formed around the 3rd and 4th centuries in Goseong Bay, and it can be seen that contemporary people divided the space according to functions such as squares, residences, steel facilities, and shell mounds. From the relics identified in the nearby Goseong-eup Fortress Site, the Samhan people who formed the Dongoe-dong Shell Mound were able to grow into a dominant group that integrated the Goseong Basin through active external trade with Nakrang in the north and Guju groups in the Japanese archipelago. In the 4th century, the remote trading system between politicians in the Yeongnam region, such as the expulsion of Chinese counties and prefectures and the growth of Geumgwan Gaya, will face major changes among diversified centers. By the 5th century, the trading system with neighboring countries was reorganized again, and with the emergence of central tombs, the formation of a resinous relationship in which a specific political body took the dominant position became clear. Foreign relics excavated from the ancient tomb group in the center of Goseong area are changed around the metalwork and harness for dressing in the dynamics of the surrounding forces, and at the same time, their identity and orientation are projected. In particular, Manlimsan Saturn, built around the early 6th century, can be seen as a structure that reflects the ruling control of Sogaya and the best civil engineering technology, and as a robustness of Sogaya politics.
Modelo educativo exponencial
Authors: Buendia Giribaldi Atilio Rodolfo , Pérez Nájera Celin , Chilet Cama Shirley Emperatriz , Heredia Llatas Flor Delicia , Ramos Farroñán Emma Verónica
Published: June 2023

La Universidad Interamericana para el Desarrollo SAC (UNID) surge mediante la Resolución N°199-2010-CONAFU del Consejo Nacional para la autorización del funcionamiento de las universidades que otorga la autorización provisional de funcionamiento con fecha 08 de abril del año 2010, con el objetivo de brindar servicios educativos de nivel universitario, en la ciudad, provincia y departamento de Lima, en las carreras de Enfermería, Farmacia y Bioquímica. Visto ello, inicia actividades académicas el 07 de mayo de 2010, día siguiente de la publicación en el diario oficial el peruano con Resolución N° 199-2010-CONAFU.
Sampling the spatial variability of grassland soil properties
Authors: Rodrigo Alberto Saquicela Rojas , Useche Castro Lelly , Gonzalez Pedraza Ana Francisca
Published: June 2023

The properties of grazed grassland soils are frequently degraded in tropical zones. This work aimed to review the literature on the theory and results of sampling and analysis of the spatial variability of pasture soil properties in the world and Ecuador. The methodology, results, and discussion of 15 articles on the subject, available in the following databases: Scopus, SciELO, ScienceDirect, Scimago Journal & Country Rank, Dialnet, and SpringerLink; and the respective theory of 5 books were reviewed. It was found that worldwide there are soil sampling works that evaluate the spatial variability of soil properties; at the national level, sampling does not consider this variability. It is essential to conduct research in Ecuador on the spatial variability of the properties of pasture soils, which will allow reliable decisions to be made for their management and conservation.
Investigation of students’ perceptions of online learning resources and textbook materials in Nasarawa State University, Keffi
Authors: Solomon Crescent Onyema Solomon , Faga Asom , Rabiu Garba Mohammed , Nuhu Umar Mukail
Published: June 2023

Considering the development of technology in the current era, the present research aimed at investigating students’ perceptions of online learning resources and conventional textbook materials in Nasarawa State University, Keffi (NSUK). The population of the study comprised 6000 Post Graduate (PG) students from which a sample of 361 representing about 60 percent of the entire population was taken. The descriptive survey design was used and the setting for the study was a mix of face to face and online survey. The instrument for data collection was an investigator designed questionnaire which was pilot tested with five participants. Four research questions guided the study. The study found that, online learning material is better than conventional textbook materials in terms of coverage of topics, access to materials provision of supplemented instruction, flexible reading style, provision of current and updated information etc. The study also found that, to access online learning materials, majority of the students use Cybercafé network since the institution does not provide internet services for the students. This to a large extent contributes to why many students still patronize conventional textbook materials. The study also found that, online learning resource is more cost effective than conventional textbook materials. The study recommended that, institutions of learning in Nigeria should do away with resistance in the shift towards online learning resources and adapt their curriculum to include digital resources, and that; there should be free internet service for students on campus in all universities in Nigeria.
ICT as enabler for the adoption of knowledge management practices in selected north-west Nigeria federal university libraries
Authors: Fakandu Ali Muhammed , Yabagi Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Managing knowledge in libraries is an essential role in librarianship. Information and communication technology (ICT) is an enabler that facilitate library routines including knowledge management practices. The objectives of this study include to assess the level of adoption of knowledge management practices, to establish the extent of ICT application in knowledge management and assess the relevance of ICT facilities in knowledge management practices in university libraries. This study applied descriptive research and had a target population of three hundred and ninety-three (393) librarians and the sample size of the study was 191. Questionnaires method were used for data collection. Descriptive statistic methods was used in analyzing the data collected while tables, frequencies, percentages and charts were used for tabulation and presentation. This study found out that university libraries often applied information and communication technology (ICT) in performing library routines (activities). The study also established that ICT was used to share knowledge among librarians and available ICT facilities were used to provide different services in the university libraries. The study recommend that the university and library management should invest greatly by improving the budget of library to enable the library to install relevant facilities/tools and materials for IT literacy.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic school closure on students and level of satisfaction with e-learning: The case of Delta State University, Abraka
Authors: Ubogu Rowell E.
Published: June 2023

The outbreak of COVID-19 affected almost every sector, including the higher education sector. This paper therefore was anchored on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic school closure on higher institution students and level of satisfaction with e-learning. This study adopted a descriptive survey research design. There were 220 respondents, including 130 males and 90 females, from final year students of the faculty of education, Delta state University, Abraka. The findings of the study revealed that students perceived COVID-19 school closure to have negative impact on higher institutions students. The study recommend that the government and other stakeholders should financially support the universities by providing basic facilities such as internet services so that children of low-income parents can easily have access to online teaching and learning.
Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının sosyal katılıma yönelik düşüncelerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖĞDÜR Rukiyye , UZUNÖZ Abdulkadir
Published: June 2023

Sosyal katılım, bireylerin toplumun geleceğini ve koşullarını iyileştirmek maksadıyla gönüllü hizmet faaliyetlerine katılmasıdır. Sosyal bilgiler dersi açısından sosyal katılım becerisi, toplumun yetiştirmek istediği birey yapısı açısından önemli bir noktadadır. Bu nedenle yapılan bu çalışmanın amacı, Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının sosyal katılma yönelik düşüncelerini belirlemektedir. Araştırma, 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılında bir devlet üniversitesinde, Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı’nda öğrenim gören ve herhangi bir sivil toplum kuruluşunda veya üniversite topluluklarında aktif olarak faaliyet gösteren 6 Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adayı ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan fenomenoloji tarama deseni kullanılmıştır ve veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen görüşme verilerin MAXQDA 12 paket programı ile içerik analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, sosyal bilgiler öğretmenleri sosyal katılımı bir kuruluşta veya toplulukta etkin olarak yer almak olarak tanımlarken; katılım haklarında, en fazla temel haklar, ifade özgürlüğü ve seçme ve seçilme belirtilmiştir. Sosyal katılım ile bireylerin düşüncelerini özgürce ifade etmesi açısından önemine vurgu yapmışlardır. Ve sosyal katılımı seminerler ve konferanslar, nitelikli eğitim, teşvik edici aktivitelerin destekleyeceğini ifade ederken sivil toplum kuruluşlarına katılma motivasyonlarını ise topluma hizmet ve duygusal tatminlik olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir