bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-10 in the Vasculature: Pathophysiological Implications
Authors: de Freitas Raiany A. , Lima Victor V. , Bomfim Gisele F. , Giachini Fernanda R.C.
Published: December 2021

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important immunomodulatory cytokine, initially characterized
as an anti-inflammatory agent released by immune cells during infectious and inflammatory
processes. IL-10 exhibits biological functions that extend to the regulation of different intracellular
signaling pathways directly associated with vascular function. This cytokine plays a vital role in
vascular tone regulation by changing important proteins involved in vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
Numerous investigations covered here have shown that therapeutic strategies inducing IL-10
exert anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertrophic, anti-hyperplastic, anti-apoptotic and antihypertensive effects.
This non-systematic review summarizes the modulating effects mediated by IL-10 in vascular
tissue, particularly on vascular tone, and the intracellular pathway induced by this cytokine. We
also highlight the advances in IL-10 manipulation as a therapeutic target in different cardiovascular
pathophysiologies, including the physiological implications in animals and humans. Finally, the review
illustrates current and potential future perspectives of the potential use of IL-10 in clinical
trials based on the clinical evidence.
Treatment of Narcolepsy: A Rare Disease of Unknown Etiology
Authors: Campos Joaquín M. , Molina Claudia
Published: December 2021

Background:

Narcolepsy, also known as Gélineau syndrome, is a chronic and neurological
disease that affects 0.05% of the European population, though that percentage could be higher due to the
diagnostic difficulties. The main symptom is excessive daytime sleepiness, although it may be accompanied
by cataplexy, sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations.

Objective:

Nowadays, there is no cure for narcolepsy, and the treatment is symptomatic; psychostimulants
for sleepiness by means of amphetamines, methylphenidate, or modafinil, and antidepressants and sodium
oxybate for treating cataplexy.

Method:

This is a short review regarding pharmacotherapy for narcolepsy.

Result:

Hypocretins were discovered in 1998. They are neuropeptides whose deficiency is responsible
for this symptomatology, which has opened up a new field of investigation.

Conclusion:

Agonists of hypocretins could be a promising therapy against this disease.
Assessment of the Efficiency of HP-Guar and hyaluronic Acid Tear Supplements to Control Tear Film Evaporation Rate in Dry Eye Subjects
Authors: Abusharha Ali , Shbear Abdulrhman A. , Fagehi Raied , Alanazi Mana A. , Alsaqr Ali , El-Hiti Gamal A. , Masmali Ali M.
Published: December 2021

Background:

The most common factor that could lead to dryness is the accelerated tear evaporation rate. Controlling the tear evaporation rate is increasingly used as a method to control dry eye complications. The present study explores the effects of different tear supplements formulations on tear film evaporation rate.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of Systane ULTRA and Artelac Advanced eye drops on the tear film evaporation rate.

Methods:

Fifteen male dry eye subjects were enrolled in the current study. Tear film parameters were observed at several time points post installation (10, 20, 30, and 60 min). The tear film parameters observed in the current study were tear evaporation rate, noninvasive breakup time (NITBUT) and tear meniscus height (TMH). Two visits were required to conduct this study. One visit was conducted to assess the physiological tear film parameters with the use of Systane® ULTRA eye drop. The other visit was conducted to assess tear film parameters with the use of Artelac Advanced eye drop.

Results:

The mean tear evaporation rate at baseline was 52.58 ± 23.24 g/m2 h. A box plot of tear evaporation showed a reduction in tear film evaporation rate after instillation of Systane eye drop. A drop in tear film evaporation rate of 14% was observed at 20 and 60 min time point after instillation of Systane ULTRA eye drop. A significant increase in NITBUT was found after instillation of Systane ULTRA (P = 0.01) and Artelac Advanced (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:

The current study indicates a significant improvement in the tear film parameters using both HP-Guar and hyaluronic acid formulations. However, it was apparent that the use of HP-Guar was superior to hyaluronic acid in controlling the tear evaporation rate in dry eye subjects.
Muscle Activation and Torso Movement during Exercise using Novel Fiberglass Resistance Poles
Authors: Glass Stephen
Published: December 2021

Background:

A novel form of functional training utilizes flexible fiberglass poles for resistance. Similar to elastic bands, as the poles flex, resistance increases. To date, no studies have examined activation patterns associated with such implements.

Objective:

This study examined muscle activation and torso rotation using different pole resistance intensities during a “push-pull” rotational core exercise.

Methods:

Twenty-one subjects (16 women, 5 men; age=20.4±1.3y) completed 6 trials of 10 repetitions each of a standing push and pull movement with 3 different pole tensions (very light, light, moderate). Muscle activation (electromyography) for the anterior and posterior deltoid, abdominal oblique, and paraspinal muscles were recorded. Concentric contractions during the push phase (PUSH) and the pull load (PULL) phases were recoded, and percent maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC) was computed. Markers on the acromion process and a vertically mounted camera were used to record torso rotation during each push and pull. ANOVA for each muscle and PUSH and PULL was used for comparisons across pole intensity.

Results:

Significant main effects for torso rotation were seen, with rotation with the very light pole (Push= 61.9 ± 9.20, Pull= 64.8 ± 14.00) significantly greater than moderate (Push= 52.0 ± 12.80, Pull= 54.9 ± 10.10). EMG data were highly variable, with no differences in muscle activation detected across pole resistance loads.

Conclusion:

Variability of the EMG data prevent clear resolution of activation patterns. However, torso rotation is limited with heavier pole resistance since increased pole flex also increases resistance.
Educational points the control of wrong points and environments on social networks for students
Authors: Nga Master. Pham Thuy Quynh
Published: December 2021

The educational practice and training of students' sense of political struggle must be associated with the development trend of the nation and the success or failure of the revolution, which is essentially educating socialist ideals to and creating high noble personality for human-being. Therefore, there is an urgent need to research and evaluate fully and objectively, with the focus on proposing viewpoints to improve the quality of education, with a sense of struggle against wrong views. , hostile on social networks for students.
proposal for developing mathematics self-study capabilities in Vietnam highschool
Authors: Quyen Nguyen Van
Published: December 2021

In terms of general learning and Mathematics study, in particular, self-study ability is a fundamental element to promote learning efficiency. The research objective focuses on Proposing specific measures for developing the math self-study ability of high school students. Secondly, the research result reveals 5 methods for developing math self-study ability of high school students in Vietnam, including (1) Fostering motivation, attitude, sense of self-study, nurturing passion and forming knowledge about Math self-studying for students through field trips or extra-curricular activities; (2) Applying objective tests as a tool to examine and evaluate students' self-study at home; (3) Training and developing students' self-instructed math skills in terms of finding and reading documents of the specific content of Mathematics and skills in listening, communicating and taking notes in class; (4) Designing and organizing for students learning activities in the direction of practising scientific research; (5) Fostering and improving student’s self-assessment skills, mistakes correction after each process of studying a specific content. The final part of the study will discuss several issues and solutions that need to be considered when putting these teaching Mathematics measures into practice at Vietnamese high schools.
Humans and humanity at a crossroads, reading Huxley’s brave new world in light of harari’s homo deus
Authors: Fatubun Reimundus Raymond
Published: December 2021

We don't know where humanity is going. It's challenging to keep up with the rapid advancements in science and technology. In real life, both true and fictional 'truths' play important roles. Huxley's utopian/dystopian novel Brave New World (BNW) depicts a possible future for humanity through his description of a society organized and controlled through the use of science. A contemporary history book, Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow (HD), also discusses the potential of humanity facing extinction in the future. This discussion employs HD to shed light on BNW, using Marxist and New Historicist arguments. Its goals are to analyze the irony in the works, the threat to invention and creativity, oligarchy and hedonism, the name allusions in the works, and the future prospect of engeneered homo sapiens as eternal working classes. The research discovered that both books are based on humanism, but humans are not treated as they should, that the lower castes in BNW cannot become innovative and creative because they are engineered, that the small oligarchy (the Alphas) maintains its power by providing pleasures for the lower castes so as to forget that they are being controlled.
Review: Leptospirosis pada Anjing di Indonesia
Authors: Wiyata Rifen Prabawan Krida Taruna , Nugroho Widi
Published: December 2021

Leptospirosis ialah penyakit infeksius yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri motil dari genus Leptospira. Prevalensi leptospirosis pada anjing di Indonesia berkisar 13,8% – 44% dengan varian Leptospira antara lain serovar Ichterohaemorrhagiae, Celledoni, Canicola, Pyrogenes, Cynopteri, Rachmati, Bataviae, Javanica, Grippotyphosa dan Tarrasovi. Leptospira sp. dapat ditularkan melalui kontak langsung atau melalui tanah dan air yang terkontaminasi Leptospira sp. Hewan pengerat, babi, kuda, hewan ternak, anjing dan berbagai hewan liar seperti tupai dan rusa dapat berperan sebagai karier Leptospira. Gejala klinis leptospirosis pada anjing di Indonesia berupa demam, letargi, anoreksia, muntah, ikterus, gangguan ginjal, dispnea, poliuria, urin berwarna kuning, dehidrasi dan kematian. Gold standard pengujian leptospirosis pada anjing adalah MAT, namun uji PCR dan ELISA memiliki sensitivitas yang lebih tinggi. Upaya pencegahan kejadian leptospirosis dilakukan dengan vaksinasi, penggunaan disinfeksi rutin pada lingkungan kandang dan mencegah anjing kontak langsung dengan hewan reservoir seperti tikus.
Analisis Mutasi Gen Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox 1 (PDX-1) Berdasarkan pada Kadar Glukosa Darah Kucing Domestik (Felis catus) Post Ovariohisterektomy (OH)
Authors: Putri Hana Mitsuki , Aulani'am Aulani'am , Nurmaningdyah Ajeng Aeka , Prasetyo Dodik , Permata Fajar Shodiq
Published: December 2021

Ovariohisterectomy (OH) pada kucing domestik menyebabkan beberapa efek samping, diantaranya yaitu obesitas. Obesitas berhubungan sangat erat dengan penyakit diabetes. Gen glukoregulator yang mungkin akan menjadi penyebab resistensi insulin jika mengalami mutasi gen adalah gen PDX-1. Resistensi insulin tersebut akan berpengaruh sangat erat dengan glukosa darah dalam tubuh. Tujuan penelitian adalah melihat hubungan antara polimorfisme gen PDX-1 dengan kadar glukosa darah pada kucing domestik yang mengalami OH. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah amplifikasi invitro PCR gen PDX-1 dengan primer Forward ‘CCG AGC TGT CAA AGC TAG CG’ dan Reverse ‘GAA CCG GTA GAG GGT CTT GG’ dan dilanjutkan dengan sekuensing terhadap produk PCR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan mendasar pada urutan basa dalam sekuen gen PDX-1 pada c.435G>A, c.927A>T, dan c.584A>G. Perbedaan mendasar pada urutan gen PDX-1 merupakan silent mutation.
Classification of Proximal Tibial Fractures and Algorithm of Intramedullary Nailing: Efficacy Evaluation
Authors: Semenistyy Anton A. , Litvina Elena A. , Mironov Andrey N.
Published: December 2021

Background. Intramedullary nailing of proximal tibial fractures is challenging due to difficulties with fracture reduction and achievement of stable fixation. Preoperative planning based on proximal fragment length, fracture pattern and bone quality evaluation is a prerequisite for a successful operation. However, there is no classification that could adequately access these factors and guide us towards the most effective methods of fracture reduction and fixation with intramedullary nail. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a classification of extra-articular proximal tibial fractures and algorithm for intramedullary nailing in clinical conditions. Materials and Methods. We compared the treatment outcomes before (Group 1) and after (Group 2) the introduction of the new PFL-TN classification algorithm of intramedullary nailing of proxamal tibial fractures. The group 1 included 43 patients from 18 to 71 years old (males 28; females 15; average age 44.52.0 years). The group 2 included 42 patients from 18 to 72 years old (males 30; females 12; average age 46.12.0 years). The data analysis was carried out after a minimum follow-up period of 12 months. The results were analyzed by the following criteria: reduction quality assesed with reduction quality scale, number of complications, quality of life with SF-36 questionnaire and leg function with LEFS scale. Results. The introduction of the proposed algorithm allowed to reduce the number of late complications by more than 5 times, and the number of required additional surgical interventions by more than 4 times compared to with a control group. The introduction of the proposed algorithm made it possible to improve the functional outcomes 1 year after surgery from 83.58 to 93.29% (p = 0.00002) by the LEFS scale, and the patients quality of life from the 77.501.88 to 86.712.03 points (p = 0.00072) and from the 81.251.88 to 86.842.26 points (p = 0.00116) by the physical and role functioning scales SF-36 questionnaire. Conclusion. The proposed algorithm, based on the new classification, allows to optimize the surgical technique of intramedullary nailing of proximal tibial fractures.
95th Anniversary of the First Russian Society of Orthopedic Surgeons
Authors: Khominets Vladimir V. , Gladkov Roman V.
Published: December 2021

95 years ago, namely on October 12, 1926, through the efforts of 27 founders, including professors G.I. Turner, A.L. Polenov, R.R. Vreden and G.A. Albrecht, the first scientific society of orthopedic surgeons of Leningrad and the Leningrad region was created in our country, which continues to be an indispensable platform for the training of scientific personnel, the exchange of practical experience and research results directed by authoritative figures of domestic traumatology and orthopedics, the successors of the Leningrad school of orthopedic surgeons. The article summarizes the results of the societys work during four periods of its activity: the first period of formation (19261933), the second period work in the pre-war, war and post-war years (19341950), the third period the intensive development of traumatology and orthopedics (19501990) and the fourth period the modern rapid development of the specialty (since 1990). The main aim of the current activity and new areas of work are formulated.
The Effectiveness of Physical Activity-Promoting Web- and Mobile-Based Distance Weight Loss Interventions on Body Composition in Rehabilitation Settings: Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-Regression Analysis
Authors: Lahtio Heli , Rintala Aki , Immonen Jaakko , Sjögren Tuulikki
Published: December 2021

Background

Overweight and obesity are major problems worldwide, and they lead to an increased risk for several diseases. The use of technology in the treatment of obesity is promising, but in the existing literature, there is considerable uncertainty regarding its efficacy. In this review, we included web- and mobile-based weight loss interventions that were implemented remotely in rehabilitation settings.

Objective

The aim of this systematic review is to study the effectiveness of physical activity-promoting web- and mobile-based distance weight loss interventions in rehabilitation settings on body composition in comparison with control groups that did not use technology.

Methods

Studies were searched from 9 databases. The inclusion criteria were as follows: population: age 18-65 years; intervention: physical activity-promoting web- and mobile-based distance weight loss interventions; comparison: control groups without the use of technology; outcome: changes in BMI, waist circumference, or body fat percentage; study design: randomized controlled trial. The quality of the studies was assessed by 2 researchers. Meta-analysis was performed, and we also conducted a meta-regression analysis to evaluate the factors associated with the changes in body composition outcomes if statistical heterogeneity was observed.

Results

The meta-analysis included 30 studies. The mean quality of the studies was 7 of 13 (SD 1.9; range 3-10). A statistically significant difference was observed in BMI (mean difference [MD] 0.83, 95% CI 0.51-1.15 kg/m2; P<.001), waist circumference (MD 2.45, 95% CI 1.83-3.07 cm; P<.001), and body fat percentage (MD 1.07%, 95% CI 0.74%-1.41%; P<.001) in favor of the weight loss groups using web- or mobile-based interventions. Meta-regression analyses found an association between personal feedback and BMI (P=.04), but other factors did not play a role in explaining statistical heterogeneity.

Conclusions

Web- and mobile-based distance weight loss interventions significantly reduced BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Future studies should focus on the comparability of the intervention content. Future studies are needed to better understand weight loss and identify which components are essential in achieving it.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42016035831; https://tinyurl.com/7c93tvd4
Single-Session, Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to Improve Parenting Skills to Help Children Cope With Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Feasibility Study
Authors: Korpilahti-Leino Tarja , Luntamo Terhi , Ristkari Terja , Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki Susanna , Pulkki-Råback Laura , Waris Otto , Matinolli Hanna-Maria , Sinokki Atte , Mori Yuko , Fukaya Mami , Yamada Yuko , Sourander Andre
Published: December 2021

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on families’ daily routines and psychosocial well-being, and technology has played a key role in providing socially distanced health care services.

Objective

The first objective of this paper was to describe the content and delivery of a single-session, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) intervention, which has been developed to help parents cope with children’s anxiety and manage daily situations with their children. The second objective was to report user adherence and satisfaction among the first participants who completed the intervention.

Methods

The Let’s Cope Together intervention has been developed by our research group. It combines evidence-based CBT elements, such as psychoeducation and skills to manage anxiety, with parent training programs that strengthen how parents interact with their child and handle daily situations. A pre-post design was used to examine user satisfaction and the skills the parents learned. Participants were recruited using advertisements, media activity, day care centers, and schools and asked about background characteristics, emotional symptoms, and parenting practices before they underwent the iCBT. After they completed the 7 themes, they were asked what new parenting skills they had learned from the iCBT and how satisfied they were with the program.

Results

Of the 602 participants who filled in the baseline survey, 196 (32.6%) completed the program’s 7 themes, and 189 (31.4%) completed the postintervention survey. Most (138/189, 73.0%) of the participants who completed the postintervention survey were satisfied with the program and had learned skills that eased both their anxiety (141/189, 74.6%) and their children’s anxiety (157/189, 83.1%). The majority (157/189, 83.1%) reported that they learned how to organize their daily routines better, and just over one-half (100/189, 53.0%) reported that the program improved how they planned each day with their children.

Conclusions

The single-session iCBT helped parents to face the psychological demands of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should determine how the participation rate and adherence can be optimized in digital, universal interventions. This will help to determine what kinds of programs should be developed, including their content and delivery.
Assessment of the Readability of Web-Based Patient Education Material From Major Canadian Pediatric Associations: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Man Alice , van Ballegooie Courtney
Published: December 2021

Background

Web-based patient education materials (PEMs) are frequently written above the recommended reading level in North America. Poor PEM readability limits the accessibility of medical information for individuals with average literacy levels or lower. Pediatric hospital and association websites have not only been shown to be a preferred source of information among caregivers but have also become a necessity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The readability of Canadian pediatric association websites has not yet been assessed.

Objective

The aim of this study is to determine if the content of PEMs from Canadian pediatric associations is written at a reading level that the majority of Canadians can understand.

Methods

A total of 258 PEMs were extracted from 10 Canadian pediatric associations and evaluated for their reading level using 10 validated readability scales. The PEMs underwent a difficult word analysis and comparisons between PEMs from different associations were conducted.

Results

Web-based PEMs were identified from 3 pediatric association websites, where the reading level (calculated as a grade level) was found to be an average of 8.8 (SD 1.8) for the Caring for Kids website, 9.5 (SD 2.2) for the Pediatric Endocrine Group website, and 13.1 (SD 2.1) for the Atlantic Pediatric Society website. The difficult word analysis identified that 19.9% (SD 6.6%) of words were unfamiliar, with 13.3% (SD 5.3%) and 31.9% (SD 6.1%) of words being considered complex (≥3 syllables) and long (≥6 letters), respectively.

Conclusions

The web-based PEMs were found to be written above the recommended seventh-grade reading level for Canadians. Consideration should be made to create PEMs at an appropriate reading level for both patients and their caregivers to encourage health literacy and ultimately promote preventative health behaviors and improve child health outcomes.
The study of tissue IgG4 in the mucous membrane of the colon in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Stepanov Yu.M. , Tarasova T.S. , Stoikevych M.V. , Gaydar Yu.A. , Fedorova N.S.
Published: December 2021

Background. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global problem today, with a growing prevalence in the world. It significantly increases the economic burden on the health care system. Recently, many studies indicate the important role of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) in the formation of chronic inflammation in IBD and the possibility of using it as a biomarker of the inflammatory process. The purpose was to improve the diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases by studying the status of IgG4-positive plasma cells in the mucous membrane of the colon in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Materials and methods. We have examined 34 patients with IBD, 25 with UC and 9 with CD, of them 20 women and 14 men, with an average age of (38.8 ± 3.0) and (38.2 ± 3.7) years, respectively. Patients were divided into groups depending on the nosology and severity of the disease. All patients underwent endoscopic examination of the colon to establish or clarify the diagnosis, and biopsy specimens were taken for histological and immunohistochemical examination. Results. In 13 (38.3%) of 34 examined patients, a positive result for the presence of tissue IgG4 (≥ 10 cells in the field of view) was found. Among patients with UC, 48% have a positive result of immunohistochemical examination of tissue IgG4, in people with CD, this figure is 11.1%. This gives us reason to say that in UC, elevation of tissue IgG4 levels occurs 4.4 times more often. Positive tissue IgG4 in patients with moderate UC was found 1.1 times more often than in severe UC. Among patients with mildly active disease, tissue IgG4 was not detected. Conclusions. In UC, IgG4-positive cells in the mucous layer of the colon are more common than in CD, which makes it possible to use this indicator for the differential diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Positive tissue IgG4 is more common in moderate form than in severe one.
Wirsungectomy for pancreatic hypertension in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Yareshko V.G. , Mikheiev I.O. , Babii O.M. , Filimonova I.V.
Published: December 2021

Background. Pain in chronic pancreatitis (CP) can occur as a consequence of mechanical factors— pancreatic ductal hypertension, interstitial pressure, inflammatory and neuropathic pathological changes in the pancreas. The purpose was to evaluate a novel modification of the classic Partington-Rochelle procedure via comparing functional results of conventional surgery group and wirsungectomy group. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the case histories of patients with CP and an enlarged (≥4mm) main pancreatic duct was carried out for the period from 2003 to 2009, which underwent surgical treatment of CP. The SF-36 and EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaires, and visual analogue scale of pain were used for the assessment. The first group included five patients with wirsungectomy with lateral pancreaticojejunostomy (PEA + WE); the second group consisted of 20 patients after the lateral pancreaticojejunostomy (PEA) only. Cross-tabulation analyses were performed to compare PEA and PEA + WE groups as well as those groups in different time points using a two-sided Student’s t-test. The significance level was set to p<0.05. Results. The groups were compared in terms of VAS and the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire before and 2 years after surgery using Student’s t-test for unrelated values: statistically significant differences between the groups according to VAS as before (p=0.757) and after surgery (p=0.696) were not obtained. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the PEA and PEA + WE groups before and after surgery according to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaires, except for some items (p<0.05) Within the groups according to VAS and EORTC QLQ-C30 (pain severity), in the PEA group (p=0.000001, p=0.000109) and the PEA + WE group (p=0.018, p=0.017) after surgery, there was a statistically significant decrease in pain. Conclusions. Longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy with wirsungectomy is justified in patients with long-term CP, severe fibrosis of the pancreas with multiple calcifications of the periphery pancreatic ducts to decompress pancreatic ducts, and parenchyma. In the long-term period after 2 years, the proposed method of longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy with wirsungectomy in patients with CP with dilation of main pancreatic duct according to the VAS scale and EORTC QLQ questionnaires C30 and SF-36 is accompanied by a significant reduction in pain.
Comparative Analysis of Mulk Raj Anand’s “Untouchable” and “Coolie”
Authors: Anuradha Dr.
Published: December 2021

Mulk Raj Anand is considered one of the finest novelists and one of the members of the amazing trio of Indian English fiction alongwith Raja Rao and R.K. Narayan. Anand's novels are a portryal of Indianness with its true essence. His novels put a direct question on the hypocrisy of the Indian society and its shallow beliefs. He challenges through his writings the narrow-mindedness prevailing in his contemporary society. Anand's first two novels, "Untouchable" and "Coolie" are the perfect examples of this. This paper tries to comparatively analyse these two works of Anand and highlights some relevant issues in both the works.
Фотоника полупроводниковых квантовых точек: фундаментальные аспекты
Authors: Аржанов А.И. , Савостьянов А.О. , Магарян К.А. , Каримуллин К.Р. , Наумов А.В.
Published: December 2021

В статье приведен краткий обзор работ, посвященных синтезу, исследованию фотофизических и спектральных свой­ств и анализу применений полупроводниковых нанокристаллов – ​квантовых точек (КТ). Обсуждаются фундаментальные закономерности, связывающие морфологию КТ с их оптико-спектральными характеристиками, а также некоторые теоретические модели, позволяющие описать различные эффекты и процессы: квантово-­размерный эффект, электрон-­фононное взаимодействие, эффекты локального поля, мерцание фотолюминесценции одиночных КТ. Приводятся результаты оригинальных экспериментальных и теоретических исследований температурных зависимостей спектров коллоидных КТ с излучающим ядром CdSe, позволивших прояснить природу формирования спектров одиночных КТ и их ансамблей.
Нюансы и тонкости проведения DOP-теста и измерения перепада давления
Authors: Фадеев А.Б. , Рыбаков А.К. , Ветрянщиков М.К. , Господинов А.В.
Published: December 2021

Рассмотрены технические аспекты измерения перепадов давления, целостности и герметичности установки НЕРА-фильтров (DOP-тест), процедура аттестации чистых помещений, в которой проводятся измерения параметров, предусмотренных государственными стандартами (концентрация аэрозольных частиц, температура, влажность, уровень шума, перепад давления). Особое внимание уделено проверке целостности и герметичности НЕРА-фильтров.
Построение, обработка и анализ трехмерных изображений в биомедицинской сканирующей зондовой микроскопии
Authors: Яминский И.В. , Ахметова А.И.
Published: December 2021

Сканирующая зондовая микроскопия становится важным и информативным инструментом в биомедицине и медицинской диагностике благодаря разработке эффективных алгоритмов обработки данных. Программное обеспечение позволяет проводить измерения размеров, объемов, площади объектов, контурных длин, углов кристаллических структур, шероховатости поверхности, форм-фактора, коэффициентов трения и упругости, величины адгезии. Приведены данные визуализации бактериальных и клеточных структур и результаты их последующей характеризации.
Диффузионные свойства коры головного мозга человека in vivo. Часть 2
Authors: Познанский О.П.
Published: December 2021

Исследовали корковую глубинную зависимость диффу­зионных свойств с высоким разрешением на человеческом мозге in vivo, создавая задел для будущих исследований кортикальной диффузионной тензорной визуализации. Во всех областях мозга наблюдалась сходная глубинная зависимость диффузионных инвариантов в коре с постепенным уменьшением и увеличением фракционной анизотропии и средней диффузионной способности от белого вещества к спинномозговой жидкости. Структура этих профилей отражает эффекты изгиба волокон на границе белого вещества и коры головного мозга, снижение плотности волокон на границе коры головного мозга и спинномозговой жидкости.
Электромагнитное экранирование сверхпроводниковых квантовых схем
Authors: Малеванная Е.И. , Моисеев К.М. , Родионов И.А.
Published: December 2021

В статье приводится обзор используемых в ведущих научных группах систем экранов квантовых схем. Выделены общие требования к построению таких систем и выявлены проблемы, связанные с большим разнообразием материалов и отсутствием методики их разработки.
"ЭМИЛИНК": ОТ КОРОБОЧНОГО БИЗНЕСА К МНОГОПРОФИЛЬНОМУ ПРОИЗВОДСТВУ В РОССИИ
Authors: Зуев А.
Published: December 2021

В наступающем году отмечает 15-летие со дня основания компания "ЭМИЛИНК". За это время ГК "ЭМИЛИНК" заняла прочные позиции в целом ряде секторов российского рынка пассивного телекоммуникационного оборудования, выйдя в 2021 году на объем оборота порядка 1 млрд рублей. В последнее десятилетие компания демонстрирует ежегодный рост не менее чем на 30%. При этом "ЭМИЛИНК" постоянно расширяет в своем портфеле долю продукции, изготовленной на собственных производственных мощностях, а также продукции, изготавливаемой по модели OEM российскими промышленными предприятиями. О пути, сегодняшнем дне и планах дальнейшего развития компании корреспонденту "ПЕРВОЙ МИЛИ" рассказал ее основатель и руководитель Андрей Зуев.
Libro de actas: XXII Encuentro Nacional y XIV Internacional de Educación Matemática en Carreras de Ingeniería [versión actualizada diciembre 2021]
Authors: Flores Godoy José-Job , Pagano Nachtweyh María Magdalena
Published: December 2021

En el mes de mayo de 2021 se realizó el XXII Encuentro Nacional de Educación Matemática en carreras de Ingeniería (EMCI) y XIV Encuentro Internacional. El evento fue organizado por el Departamento de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales de la UCU. El propósito de este encuentro, que habitualmente se realizaba cada 18 meses desde el año 1986 y se vio interrumpido en el año 2020 debido a la situación sanitaria mundial, fue reunir a docentes que trabajan en cátedras de Matemática en carreras de Ingeniería, para intercambiar ideas, conocimientos y experiencias. Se presentaron unas 67 ponencias, en donde participaron un total de 170 docentes, provenientes de universidades de Argentina, Brasil, México y Uruguay. La ponencias completas se encuentran en el Libro de Actas del encuentro. Los ejes temáticos fueron: - Articulación e ingreso a las carreras de ingeniería - Extensión - Aplicaciones de la Matemática - Experiencias de la Cátedra - Investigación Educativa - Competencias Matemáticas En el encuentro también se llevaron a cabo 6 talleres, una mesa redonda internacional y tres conferencias. La Comisión Organizadora Local estuvo integrada por Richard Delgado, Magdalena Pagano y Job Flores. Este evento constituyó un espacio para el diálogo reflexivo, un lugar de convergencia y concertación de experiencias, vínculos y nuevos acuerdos, de comunicación de resultados de investigación, de análisis de proyectos colaborativos y de extensión en el área.
TEKE TAVRININ BAĞLAMA İCRASINDA KARŞILAŞILAN NOTASYON VE TAVIR ÖZELLİKLERİNDEN KAYNAKLI PROBLEMLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: DURSUN Doğukan
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, Teke yöresi, Teke Tavrı ve Teke yöresi türkülerinin geçmişten günümüze Tük halk müziğindeki yeri ve önemi hakkında bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Teke yöresi türküler sınıflandırılarak, değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca yöreye özgü halk oyunları ve oynanış biçimleri kendi arasında sınıflandırılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Teke Tavrı bağlama icrasında karşılaşılan problemler tespit edilerek TRT repertuvarında yer alan türkü notaları üzerinden gösterilmiş ve bu problemlere yönelik çözüm önerileri getirilmiştir. Bu öneriler arasında, bağlama icrasında teke tavrının sistematik yapısını devam ettirmek adına küçük değerli notaları, tek vuruşta toplanarak yazılan notalar yerine, çarpma ve çekme tekniği kullanılarak repertuvardaki notanın doğallığını bozmadan icra tekniği önerisi yer almaktadır.
Главная улица Тверского кремля в XVI столетии (опыт реконструкции)
Authors: Салимов Алексей
Published: December 2021

Реконструкция планировочной структуры и характера застройки Тверского кремля на период развитого средневековья в силу чрезвычайно ограниченного числа письменных и тем более иллюстративных источников представляется на сегодняшний день весьма сложным делом. Решению этой проблемы отчасти способствуют результаты архитектурно-археологических и археологических раскопок, но даже они вкупе с другим документальным материалом не снимают многочисленных трудностей, возникающих на пути исследо-вателя, пытающегося выполнить подобную реконструкцию. Тем не менее потребность в такой визуализации существует особенно сейчас, когда идёт создание новой экспозиции в Тверском государственном краеведческом музее. Период же, который выбран в данном случае для реконструкции – XVI столетие – представляется наиболее значительным в развитии градостроительной структуры центральной части Тверского кремля и его основной магистрали, увязывавшей главный въезд в крепость (Владимирскую башню) и его Тьмацкие ворота.

В рамках XVI века пик развития досмутной Твери пришёлся, скорее всего, на середину – вторую половину этого столетия, хотя начало этому процессу было, вероятно, положено ещё на рубеже XV–XVI веков. Во времена Василия III (1505–1533) обустройство кремлёвской территории происходило, по всей видимости, более энергично, но пожар 1537 года, уничтоживший значительную часть кремля, мог привести к кардинальным переменам в его застройке. В итоге при подготовке реконструкции автор ориентировался на период, нижней границей которого служит конец 1530-х годов, а верхней – рубеж 60-х – 70-х годов XVI века, поскольку в декабре 1569 года Тверь была разорена опричниками Ивана Грозного*).

*  Работа выполнена по Программе фундаментальных научных исследо­ваний Российской академии архитектуры и строительных наук (РААСН) и при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 19-012-00025.
PENGARUH CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO, FINANCING TO DEPOSIT RATIO DAN OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY RATIO TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN (BUKTI EMPIRIS DARI BNI SYARIAH PERIODE 2010-2019)
Authors: Fadhil Fadhil , Riza Akmal
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh CAR, OER dan FDR terhadap ROA pada BNI Syariah periode 2010-2019, baik secara simultan maupun parsial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda dengan populasi sasaran laporan triwulan pada PT. Bank BNI Syariah selama 10 tahun. Hasil penelitian dapat dijelaskan bahwa, secara simultan semua variabel independen yang terdiri dari CAR, FDR dan OER berpengaruh terhadap variabel dependen yaitu ROA. Sedangkan secara parsial variabel CAR berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA, FDR berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA dan OER berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI SYARIAH DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN NASABAH ( STUDI PADA PT. BANK ACEH SYARIAH KCP DARUSSALAM)
Authors: Utari Wiwin , Inayatillah Inayatillah , Ismuadi Ismuadi
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh penerapan nilai-nilai syariah dan kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan nasabah (studi pada PT. Bank Aceh Syariah KCP Darussalam). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 100 orang nasabah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel penerapan nilai-nilai syariah tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan nasabah dan variabel kualitas layanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah. Secara simultan penerapan nilai-nilai syariah dan kualitas layanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai syariah dan kualitas layanan secara bersama-sama saling berhubungan dalam mempengaruhi kepuasan nasabah pada PT. Bank Aceh Syariah KCP Darussalam.
PENGARUH INFLASI, BOPO DAN PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA BANK SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Haramain Imam , Fadrizha Nanda Teuku Syifa , Ismuadi Ismuadi
Published: December 2021

Abstrak

Profitabilitas merupakan indikator yang paling tepat untuk mengukur kinerja suatu bank. Profitabilitas yang baik dibutuhkan Bank Syariah guna keberlangsungan bisnisnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh inflasi, BOPO dan pembiayaan mudharabah terhadap Return On Aset (ROA) pada Bank Syariah di Indonesia periode 2015-2019. Data di peroleh dari publikasi data inflasi oleh Bank Indonesia melalui website BI dan laporan Statistik Perbankan Syariah melalui website OJK. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif dan variabel yang digunakan Inflasi, BOPO, Pembiayaan Mudharabah dan Profitabilitas (ROA). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan program spss versi 25. Hasil penelitian secara parsial dengan uji-t menunjukkan bahwa variabel inflasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas sedangkan BOPO dan Pembiayaan Mudharabah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Secara simultan dengan uji-f menunjukkan bahwa variabel inflasi, BOPO dan Pembiayaan Mudharabah berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas (ROA).
PENGARUH PENERAPAN ETIKA BISNIS ISLAM TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA TOKO RIYADH STORE DI BANDA ACEH
Authors: Thursina Thursina , Fuad Zaki , Hafidhah Hafidhah
Published: December 2021

Abstrak

Etika bisnis Islam dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu dimensi untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh etika bisnis Islam yang diterapkan oleh toko Riyadh Store terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Variabel yang diambil pada penelitian ini adalah keadilan, kejujuran dan kepercayaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, dimana sampel yang diambil sebanyak 100 responden yaitu seluruh pelanggan toko Riyadh Store di Banda Aceh dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yaitu mengedarkan langsung daftar pertanyaan dalam bentuk kuesioner. Metode analisis penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keadilan, kejujuran dan kepercayaan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dan secara parsial hanya variabel kejujuran dan kepercayaan yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sedangkan variabel keadilan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan.
Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga, Capital Adequacy Ratio dan Operating Expenses To Operating Income Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Aceh Periode 2017-2020
Authors: Hafidhah Hafidhah , Putri Utami Dayana
Published: December 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of Third Party Funds (TPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Operating Expenses to Operating Income (OEOI) on the profitability of Bank Aceh. This study uses a quantitative research approach with Multiple Linear Regression analysis method. This research data uses Bank Aceh monthly financial report data for the 2017-2020 period. Research data obtained by testing the hypothesis performed by statistical tests, namely partial test (t-test) and simultaneous test (f-test). The results of this study indicate that: (1) Third Party Funds, Capital Adequacy Ratio and Operating Expenses to Operating Income jointly affect the profitability of Bank Aceh. (2) Third Party Funds affect the profitability of Bank Aceh. (3) Capital Adequacy Ratio affects the profitability of Bank Aceh. (4) Operating Expenses to Operating Income affect the profitability of Bank Aceh.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Muzakki Dalam Membayar Zakat Perniagaan (Studi Terhadap Pedagang Di Kota Banda Aceh)
Authors: Yunita Ratna , Zulhilmi Muhammad , Desiana Rina
Published: December 2021

Commercial zakat is zakat issued on property ownership intended for buying and selling, which of course has reached the nishab or haul. Trading activities are efforts made by humans to obtain halal sustenance aimed at being able to meet the needs of human life. This study was conducted to determine the factors that influence muzakki in paying commercial zakat (study of traders in Banda Aceh City). This research is a field research (Field Research) using quantitative methods. Sampling method using Non-Probability Sampling technique. The sample used in this study was 100 muzakki or traders in Banda Aceh City. The data used in this study is primary data which is data obtained directly from respondents by distributing questionnaires. The results of the multiple regression analysis show that partially trust and self-awareness factors have a positive and significant effect on muzakki in paying commercial zakat (study pf traders in Banda Aceh City). On the other hand partially understanding factors do not have a significant effect on muzakki in paying zakat on brokerage (study of traders in Banda Aceh City)
Reinterpretation of the Rights and Duties of Contemporary Husbands and Wives
Authors: Ja'far A. Kumedi , Hermanto Agus
Published: December 2021

A concept of rights and obligations will work when there is a balance between the two. Malahat theory is an intra doctrinal reform for the realization of humane legal norms. However, in reality, this concept is not easy to implement. It is said that a woman is made as to the subordinate in the family and sometimes there is no justice for her. At this time, women not only play a role as housewives but also help earn money for the family. What becomes a problem is how to reinterpret the equitable distribution of household rights and obligations. This study aims to describe the rights and obligations of husband and wife by maintaining the values of justice. This research is library research that discusses the husband's income for his wife, who is also the breadwinner. The paradigm of the husband is the leader of the household, and the wife is the housewife is something that spurs Muslim feminists to reinterpret. It is because wives are no longer only responsible as housewives, but more than that, they also help make a living in the household. Then, the concepts of justice, equality, ukhuwah islamiyah and mu'asyarah bil ma'ruf must be prioritized for the benefit and the formation of a sakinah, mawaddah wa rahmah in a family. It needs to be reconsidered if we want to make it a new fiqhparadigm.
Indonesian Muslim Diaspora in Contemporary South Korea: Living as Religious Minority Group in Non-Muslim Country
Authors: Srimulyani Eka
Published: December 2021

The process of migration and cross border mobility occurs for a number of reason or background such as politics, economics, education and so forth has made a number of Muslim leave their homeland to another countries. Due to this migration, a significant number of Muslims becomes a diasporic communities in other countries and sometimes lives as religious minority group in non-Muslim country. It is reported that  one third of Muslims in the world live as minority in a number of countries both in the West and also in some  Asian countries such as India, Japan, South Korea, etc.  In general,  the existing academic discourse and publication has focused more Muslim in the West, and overlooked the Muslims minority in Eastern countries which is also considered as non-Muslim land such as Japan, South Korea, and such.  This article discusses the Muslim minorities in South Korea, with  a specific focus on Indonesian Muslim as it made up a significant number of Muslim in South Korea recently. Their challenge, balancing their personal identity and loyal citizenship as well as integration issues will also discussed from fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) of minorities (fiqh al-aqaliyyat) point of view.