bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community Policing Framework for Engendering Sustainable Peace: Case of Ondo State Nigeria
Authors: Olojo Oludare Jethro , Olojuolawe Sunday Rufus , Adewumi Moradeke Grace
Published: April 2024

The proposed community policing framework is aimed at promoting sustainable peace in Nigeria. The framework focuses on engaging and empowering community members to take an active role in maintaining peace and security within their localities. Through collaborative efforts between law enforcement agencies and community members, this framework implements a holistic approach toward addressing issues of crime and violence. This includes creating strong partnerships, fostering trust between community members and law enforcement, and implementing preventive measures such as community-based awareness programs. The framework also highlights the importance of incorporating gender perspectives in community policing. By addressing the unique needs and experiences of women and other marginalized groups, this framework aims to promote inclusivity and equity in maintaining peace and security. Furthermore, it emphasizes the involvement of women in decision-making processes and their role in building resilient communities. One of the key elements of this framework is community engagement and participation. Involving community members in the planning and implementation of peacebuilding initiatives promotes a sense of ownership and responsibility within the community. This leads to sustainable and long-term solutions to security challenges. Moreover, the framework recognizes the importance of addressing underlying social, economic, and political factors that contribute to crime and violence. This includes issues such as poverty, unemployment, and social exclusion. By addressing these root causes, the framework aims to create a more peaceful and prosperous society for all. The proposed community policing framework presents a comprehensive and proactive approach towards promoting sustainable peace in Nigeria. By empowering communities, incorporating gender perspectives, and addressing underlying issues, this framework has the potential to create a safer and more secure environment for all Nigerians.
Classification of Brain Tumors Using MRI Images Based on Fine-Tuned Pretrained Models
Authors: Ibrahim Aliyu Tetengi , Mohammed Mohammed Tukur , Suleiman Mohammed Awal , Kofa Abdulaziz Bello , Ladan Idris Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Brain tumors are frequently diagnosed malignant growths found across all age groups, and they pose a significant threat if not detected promptly. Assessing their severity presents a challenge for radiologists during health monitoring and automated identification. Detecting and categorizing affected areas using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans is crucial. Various types of tumors such as glioma, meningioma, pituitary, and benign tumors exist. Additionally, manual procedures are inefficient, error-prone, and time-consuming. Thus, there’s a pressing need for a reliable solution to ensure precise diagnosis. A CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), a cutting-edge technique in deep learning, has been employed for brain tumor detection using MRI images. However, challenges persist in training due to a limited number of images, which is insufficient for CNN’s requirements. To address this limitation, transfer learning techniques have been utilized. Additionally, image augmentation methods have been applied to increase the dataset size and improve model performance. This study introduces a modified deep CNN incorporating transfer learning techniques and a learning rate scheduler for brain tumor classification. Four pretrained models—Xception, Dense Net 201, Mobile Net, and Inception Res Net V2—serve as base models. Each model is trained individually multiple times, both with and without a learning rate scheduler, while employing two optimizers—Adam and Adamax—independently to assess performance. The training process is conducted in four stages: (i) using a static learning rate with the Adam optimizer, (ii) using a static learning rate with the Adamax optimizer, (iii) employing a dynamic learning rate with the Adam optimizer, and (iv) utilizing a dynamic learning rate with the Adamax optimizer. To enhance the model’s depth and complexity for extracting more relevant features from the images, two additional dense layers are incorporated into each of the models, all utilizing Leaky Re LU as the activation function. The proposed model is trained and validated using an MRI image dataset, which is publicly available. Following test result analysis, it was found that Inception Res Net V2, without the application of a learning rate scheduler, outperformed other models, achieving an accuracy of 96.58%. Additionally, it attained precision, recall, and F1 score values of 96.59%, 96.58%, and 96.57% respectively.
Experimental Testing Comparison between Wiremesh Reinforcement and Plain Reinforcement on Concrete Slabs
Authors: Rasidi Nawir , Dora Margaritha P.I , Ningrum Diana
Published: April 2024

The demand for building quality in the construction of structures is a major requirement. One part of the structure is the floor slab work. The main obstacle is when the floor slab is loaded there will be deflection and bending moment. Meanwhile, there are demands for shorter work times at lower costs. This study aims to analyze the concrete slab against the flexural strength test, compressive strength test and tensile strength test of plate reinforcement. In this study, plate reinforcement used plain steel with a diameter of 6 mm and 8 mm. Then the plain iron reinforcement plate was compared with the M6 ​​and M8 wiremesh reinforcement plates. The results showed that the flexural strength test for plain iron reinforcing plates with a diameter of 6 mm was 45000 Kg.cm, while for a concrete slab with wiremesh M6 reinforcement it was 42500 Kg.cm then for reinforcement with a diameter of 8 mm it was 32500 Kg.cm while wiremesh M8 was 57500 Kg. .cm. This shows that the concrete slab with wiremesh reinforcement is better able to accept the load, as well as better moment capacity in bending, compressive and tensile tests compared to conventional slabs.

Keywords: Concrete Slabs, Wiremesh Reinforcement, Plain Reinforcement
Simulation Analysis of Riveted Joint Specimen with Parameter of Working Pressure and Hole Clearance Using Semi-Automatic Riveting Tool
Authors: Saputro Galang , Rizza Muhammad Akhlis , Amrullah Utsman Syah
Published: April 2024

Squeeze force, rivet length, rivet diameter, and hole clearance are the factors that affect the riveting procedure and the effectiveness or result of the rivets. In this riveting simulation, the riveting parameters are determined using a semi-automatic riveting tool. The semi-automatic riveting tool's working pressure is the parameter set, and the hole clearance is created during the drilling process on sheet metal. The results of riveting simulation show that the working pressure of the rivet gun and the hole clearance directly impact the rivets' shear strength. The shear strength of the rivets will increase with higher operating pressure of the rivet gun and larger hole clearance. Due to the strain hardening that occurs when rivets are hit with a rivet gun during the riveting process, the shear strength of rivets has increased.

Keywords: Rivet Gun Pressure, Hole Clearance, Shear Strength
Analysis of Bioethanol Purification with Two Outlet Distillation System
Authors: Zulfikar Iqbal , Irawan Bambang
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyzes of the process of purifying bioethanol produced by a distillation apparatus that uses two holes of different heights. The equipment used in this study is a distillation prototype tool which has two steam holes coming out of the vessel, with different height positions. The research method used is experimental. Data collection was based on the results of distillation experiments with the independent variable alcohol content in the solution, the dependent variable alcohol content resulting from the distillation process and the control variable is steam temperature and processing time. The results of the study were processed with statistics showing that the position of the holes affects the product resulting from the alcohol content in bioethanol, a high hole position will produce bioethanol with a greater alcohol content. The alcohol content in the solution that is put into the distillation vessel affects the distillation results, the greater the alcohol content, the greater the alcohol product. The interaction between the position of the holes and the alcohol content in the solution affects the amount of alcohol product in the bioethanol. input solution containing low alcohol cannot reach the distillation results of bioethanol with high alcohol content. Bioethanol through the top hole has a higher alcohol content than that through the bottom hole. The alcohol content in the solution affects the difference in the alcohol content produced between the upper and lower holes. Distillation can produce bioethanol with a high alcohol content of up to 96%, with a solution containing about 85% alcohol. This distillation process can be done privately so that everyone can make fuel for their own vehicles.

Keywords: Bioethanol Purification, Distillation System, Purifying Bioethanol
The Effect of Fuel Pump Pressure and Number of Injector Holes on 150cc Matic Motorcycle Performance
Authors: Santoso Santoso , Yulianto Fian Arif , Yudiyanto Eko , Aditya Candra , Sabarudin Suriansyah
Published: April 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effects of increasing fuel pump pressure and varying the number of holes in the injector on engine performance. The fuel system in the engine has evolved from carburettor to injection system to improve the efficiency of fuel usage. In this study, the fuel pump pressure was increased to three levels, namely 2.5 bar, 3 bar, and 3.5 bar. In addition, variations in the number of holes in the injector were also tested using 3-hole, 6-hole, and 8-hole injectors. Engine performance was evaluated based on the power and torque produced. The research method used is experimental with power and torque measurements as engine performance data. The results showed that increasing fuel pump pressure and varying the number of holes in the injector had a significant effect on engine performance. Increasing the fuel pump pressure to 3.5 bar results in an increase in engine power and torque. The best power test results were obtained at a fuel pump pressure of 3 bar with a combination of 6-hole injectors, producing a maximum power of 11.63 HP at 6000 rpm engine speed. While the best torque test results were obtained at a fuel pump pressure of 3.5 bar with a combination of 3-hole injectors, producing a maximum torque of 43.10 Nm at 3000 rpm. The variation in the number of holes in the injector shows that the use of injectors with more holes tends to increase engine power and torque.

Keywords: Engine Performance, Fuel Pump Pressure, Fuel Efficiency Injector Holes, Injection System
Integrated Robotic Arm Control: Inverse Kinematics, Trajectory Planning, and Performance Evaluation for Automated Welding
Authors: Huda Arif Nur , Pebrianti Dwi , Binti MD. Zain Zainah
Published: April 2024

This research delves into the automated functionality of robotic arm manipulators, a hallmark of Industry 4.0, within the manufacturing sector. The study focuses on precise movement adhering to predetermined trajectories, addressing the vital aspects of inverse kinematics and trajectory planning in robotic arm control. Utilizing the Matlab robotic toolbox, the research conducts simulations of inverse kinematic and trajectory planning. An experimental setup involving a robotic arm controlled by an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, embedded with the inverse kinematic algorithm and trajectory planning, is executed. Data acquisition involves inputting coordinates and orientation for automatic welding along a straight path. Joint angles are measured using rotary encoders and converted into Cartesian coordinates to determine the end-effector's position. Discrepancy analysis compares measured joint angles with simulation values, revealing error margins. Movement quality of the robotic arm is assessed through Capability Processes (CP) evaluation. Results indicate disparities between experimental and simulated values. At input coordinates (400mm, 0mm, 300mm), joint angle errors of 2.51º, 0.98º, and 1.48º are observed for joints 2, 3, and 5, respectively. Similarly, at input coordinates (300mm, 0mm, 300mm), joint angle errors of 1.17º, 1.5º, and 2.7º are registered for the same joints. Trajectory error analysis during straight welding reveals average errors of 2.25 mm and 10.57 mm along the x and y axes. Mean absolute errors for joints 2, 3, and 5 are 1.9º, 0.48º, and 1.91º.

Keywords: Robotic Arm Manipulators, Inverse Kinematics, Trajectory Error Analysis
Manufacture and Analysis Performance of Injection Device System 4 Stroke Engine Againts Emissions
Authors: Cahyo Bagus Dwi , Irawan Bambang
Published: April 2024

Electronic fuel injection is a mechanism of fuel injection by electronic in to combustion chamber with Electronic Control Unit (ECU) for process control enter and burning air-fuel mixture. Fuel injection system is a development of natural suction system which next five years will no longer be produced. Natural suction system produces high emissions due to inhomogenous the air-fuel mixture. The natural suction system still widely used and its possible that in the next five years it will no longer be produced. The purposes of the study are manufacture and redesign injection intake manifold by sand casting with alumunium material as a replacement of natural suction fuel system with Arduino AT-Mega 2560 as a microcontroller with crankshaft posistion sensor, unit sensor (manifold absolute pressure, throttle position, intake air themperature) to produce eficient emissions. The study method of analysis data for making conclusion is quantitive experiments twoway anova with two independent variables are (1) intake manifold type and (2) fuel flow rate volume against emissions. The study results are manufacture of injection intake manifold by using the sand casting method with aluminium material is simple mehod for changes to the injection system againts emissions with value CO 14,27%, HC 212 ppm, CO2 12,133 % and O2 6,270 %, intake manifold type and fuel flow volume significant againts emissions.

Keywords: Injection Device System, Intake Manifold, Redesign, Emissions
Language as a Tool of Empowerment: The Role of Communication Dynamics in Subaltern Voices
Authors: V Devaki
Published: April 2024

This study examines how language functions as a tool of empowerment within subaltern communities by focusing on the dynamics of communication. Drawing on concepts from subaltern studies and sociolinguistics, the research delves into how marginalized groups utilize linguistic tactics to defy dominant perspectives, assert their unique identities, and cultivate a sense of unity and connection within their communities. Subaltern studies have emerged as a response to the need for greater representation and recognition of these voices. The study of subaltern voices is significant in sociolinguistics because it highlights the power dynamics inherent in language use and communication. This study combines a wealth of existing literature with in-depth theoretical analysis to provide an extensive understanding of how communication dynamics can empower subaltern voices. The findings of this research not only contribute to academic discourse but also offer practical insights. They enhance our comprehension of the innate power in linguistic practices and emphasize the potential of language to challenge and change entrenched power systems. By analyzing how communication fosters empowerment, this study highlights the essential role of language as a means of resistance and resilience for subaltern communities. Ultimately, the research aims to foster a more inclusive and equitable society by amplifying marginalized voices and challenging dominant narratives through the transformative potential of language.
Keywords: Sociolinguistic, Resistance and Empowerment, Discourses and Counter-Narratives, Language Adaptation
PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI NGỰC BỤNG CẮT THỰC QUẢN ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ KHÔNG CẦN MỞ BỤNG NHỎ
Authors: Lê Huy Lưu , Trần Văn Hiệp , Lê Ngọc Trung , Trần Quốc Hạnh , Huỳnh Quang Nghệ , Nguyễn Văn Chinh , Lê Cao Phương Duy
Published: April 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Phẫu thuật là phương pháp quan trọng và hiệu quả nhất trong điều trị ung thư thực quản còn cắt bỏ được. Hiện nay phẫu thuật ít xâm lấn đã dần thay thế cho mổ mở trong phẫu thuật cắt thực quản giúp hạn chế sang chấn, giảm biến chứng hô hấp, hồi phục nhanh và tăng hiệu quả thẩm mỹ. Kỹ thuật nội soi ngực bụng cắt thực quản, nạo hạch và sử dụng dạ dày thay thế thực quản thường được áp dụng. Tuy nhiên, hầu hết các trung tâm phẫu thuật hiện nay đều cần một đường mổ nhỏ ở bụng để tạo hình ống dạ dày và lấy bệnh phẩm. Nhằm giảm tối đa sự xâm hại, chúng ta có thể tạo hình ống dạ dày qua nội soi ổ bụng và sau đó kéo bệnh phẩm lên và lấy qua vết mổ ở cổ đồng thời thực hiện miệng nối tại đây. Với cách làm này chúng ta tránh được vết mổ ở bụng, hạn chế sang chấn phẫu thuật và cải thiện hiệu quả thẩm mỹ. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi mô tả kỹ thuật, đánh giá tính khả thi và an toàn của việc lấy bệnh phẩm qua vết mổ ở cổ trong phẫu thuật nội soi ngực bụng cắt thực quản điều trị ung thư thực quản. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả kỹ thuật qua ca lâm sàng. Bàn luận: Bài viết bàn luận sâu hơn về quá trình phát triển của phẫu thuật cắt thực quản và các vấn đề của kỹ thuật lấy bệnh phẩm qua ngả cổ. Kết luận: Với việc điều chỉnh một số bước trong quy trình phẫu thuật nội soi ngực bụng cắt thực quản điều trị ung thư thực quản như tạo hình ống dạ dày qua nội soi và lấy bệnh phẩm qua cổ không chỉ làm tăng các ưu điểm về tính ít xâm hại, tăng tính thẩm mỹ mà còn khiến cuộc mổ có thể trở nên thuận lợi hơn mà vẫn đảm bảo tính an toàn của phẫu thuật
BÁO CÁO TRƯỜNG HỢP: RÁCH VAN ĐỘNG MẠCH CHỦ ĐI KÈM RÁCH VÀ DÒ ĐỘNG MẠCH CHỦ LÊN SAU TAI NẠN GIAO THÔNG
Authors: Văn Hùng Dũng , Hoàng Niên Nhâm
Published: April 2024

Tổn thương thành động mạch chủ dưới dạng rách, bóc tách, tụ máu… do chấn thương ngực kín sau tai nan giao thông không hiếm. Tuy nhiên, số nạn nhân còn sống trong bệnh cảnh chấn thương ngực có tổn thương động mạch chủ và đa chấn thương thì không nhiều. Tổn thương rách van động mạch chủ đơn thuần sau chấn thương rất hiếm gặp và dễ bị bỏ sót. Chúng tôi báo cáo hai trường hợp rách van động mạch chủ đi kèm rách ngang động mạch chủ lên (một trường hợp có dò vào nhĩ phải) sau tai nạn giao thông gây đa chấn thương đầu-ngực-bụng.
NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HÌNH VÀ ĐẶC ĐIỂM VIÊM PHỔI Ở BỆNH NHÂN CÓ HÌNH ẢNH TỔN THƯƠNG DẠNG ĐÁM MỜ NGOẠI VI Ở PHỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA BẠC LIÊU NĂM 2023 –2024
Authors: Tô Phú Khánh , Bùi Thị Cẩm Thùy , Trần Trọng Nhân , Trần Thanh Hùng
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ và đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng viêm phổi ở bệnh nhân có hình ảnh tổn thương dạng đám mờ ngoại vi ở phổi tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Bạc Liêu năm 2023 – 2024. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên tổng số 112 bệnh nhân có hình ảnh tổn thương dạng đám mờ ngoại vi ở phổi nhập viện tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Bạc Liêu từ tháng 4 năm 2023 đến tháng 5 năm 2024. Tất cả bệnh nhân được hỏi bệnh, khám lâm sàng và thực hiện các cận lâm sàng để xác định tỷ lệ và đặc điểm viêm phổi. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ viêm phổi ghi nhận là 76,8%, trong đó viêm phổi cộng đồng chiếm đa số với 72,1%. 82,6% trường hợp xác định được căn nguyên gây bệnh, chủ yếu là vi khuẩn với mẫu bệnh phẩm phổ biến nhất là đàm. Triệu chứng cơ năng thường gặp nhất là ho và chán ăn với tỷ lệ đều là 98,8%. Thay đổi màu sắc đàm và đau ngực kiểu màng phổi chiếm tỷ lệ đều là 64%, ho ra máu là triệu chứng ít gặp nhất với 5,8%. 100% bệnh nhân có ran ở phổi, phổ biến nhất là ran ở cả hai phổi với 64% trường hợp. Số lượng bạch cầu và nồng độ CRP trung bình trong máu tăng cao với tỷ lệ lần lượt là 12,8 ± 5,9x109/L và 93,5 ± 65,5mg/L. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ viêm phổi trên bệnh nhân có hình ảnh tổn thương dạng đám mờ ngoại vi ở phổi xuất hiện tương đối cao, triệu chứng thường gặp nhất là ho với số lượng bạch cầu và nồng độ CRP trong máu tăng cao.
ĐIỀU KIỆN LÀM VIỆC VÀ SỰ HÀI LÒNG CỦA NHÂN VIÊN Y TẾ THAM GIA CHỐNG DỊCH COVID-19 NĂM 2021
Authors: Lê Minh Giang , Đỗ Nam Khánh
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu nhằm mô tả điều kiện làm việc và sự hài lòng của nhân viên y tế (NVYT) ở 3 tuyến tỉnh, huyện, xã khi tham gia phòng chống dịch COVID-19 năm 2021. Thiết kế nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả: nghiên cứu trên 785 NVYT ở cả 3 tuyến tỉnh, huyện, xã cho thấy, chỉ có 36,6% là nam giới, tỷ lệ nữ giới chiếm đến 63,4%. Hầu hết NVYT tham gia nghiên cứu đều có thâm niên công tác trong ngành y trên 5 năm (84,2%). Tỷ lệ NVYT cả 3 tuyến tỉnh, huyện, xã được nhận cung cấp đồ bảo hộ cá nhân cũng như nhận được sự hỗ trợ về mặt hậu cần đều đạt mức cao – dao động từ khoảng 79,2 – 97,3%. Riêng tỷ lệ NVYT ở 3 tuyến được cung cấp các loại thuốc bổ, vitamin (53,5%) và phương tiên di chuyển (38,5%) đều thấp hơn so với mặt bằng chung Trong quá trình tham gia chống dịch ở cả năm 2021, vẫn còn một tỷ lệ đáng kể NVYT tuyến tỉnh phải sử dụng lại khẩu trang N95, khẩu trang y tế, áo choàng bảo hộ và găng tay y tế (3,8 - 9,3%). Đặc biệt, tỷ lệ NVYT ở 3 tuyến phải sử dụng lại tấm che mặt lên tới 25,6%. Tỷ lệ NVYT 3 tuyến hài lòng về đồ phòng hộ cá nhân, đào tạo và hỗ trợ hậu cần trong năm 2021 dao động từ 79,2% – 91,4%. Trong khi việc đào tạo trước khi tham gia chống dịch được đánh giá với tỷ lệ hài lòng cao (74,6%). Chỉ có khoảng 44,1% và 47,6% NVYT tuyến tỉnh hài lòng về sự hỗ trợ tài chính trong và sau quá trình tham gia chống dịch năm 2021.
The Examination of the Quality of life of Public Residential Estates in Lekki Peninsula, Lagos.
Authors: Adeyemi Iniubong S. , Iweka Anthony C. , Adeyemi Babatunde A.
Published: April 2024

Purpose- The quality of the public realm in residential estates has become a significant issue in academic research in developing nations. There has been little empirical research to examine this with restriction from an applied or problem-oriented perspective in the study area. The paper aims to explore the quality of life of public residential estates in Lekki peninsula, Lagos, Nigeria in order to improve environmental planning and design. The objectives are to examine the environmental quality and explore the quality of the public realm. Design/methodology/approach- A mixed method approach using systematic random sampling was adopted. In the quantitative approach, survey method with a sample frame of 1542 in three purposively selected estates was used. The sample size was arrived from 7.5% of sample frame. The qualitative approach used interview and observational techniques on twenty respondents in each of the three estates to authenticate the qualitative method. Findings- The results of the principal component analysis revealed the qualities of the public realm in the public residential estates represents five themes namely recreation, green areas, mobility, traffic and healthcare synonymous with Kamp et.al, (2013) model. The qualitative result was consistent but showed the presence of healthcare are not adequate enough. Theoretical/Social/Practical implication- Though limited, the presence of crime was identified. This will upsurge the insecurity of the public residential estates if not checked adequately. Originality/Value- The paper identified the presence of recreational facilities as a direct primary focus and suggested the construction of playgrounds, gyms and open spaces which will improve the overall quality of life of the residents and economic possibilities.
Assessment of Potable Water Quality from Boreholes and Rainwater Reservoirs in Etsako Communities in Edo State, Nigeria.
Authors: Ideriah T. J. K. , Osiriamhe G. , Bull S , Okafor C. C.
Published: April 2024

The quality of water obtained from fifteen stations consisting of boreholes and rainwater reservoirs in Etsako, Edo state, were assessed in this study. The levels of physico chemical, microbial Properties were determined using standard methods recommended by the American Society for Testing and Materials for physico chemical properties and spread plate count method for microbial content. Water Quality Indices were determined using an adopted mathematical model. The results showed that the mean pH levels ranged from (4.3±0.1 – 7.2±0.1), Turbidity (0.6±0.00 – 2.0±1.3 NTU), Conductivity (17.5±0.5 – 307.5±21.5 µS/cm), TDS (12.5±0.5 – 216.0±15.0 mg/l), Salinity (0.01±0.00 – 0.19±0.05 ‰), Total Hardness (1.2±0.5 – 64.5±3.9 mg/l), Alkalinity (6.0±2.0 – 80.0±56.0 mg/l), Chloride ion (1.0±0.00 – 10.3±5.9 mg/l), Sulphate (1.0±0.00 – 9.5±4.0 mg/l), Nitrate (0.00 – 2.46±1.15 mg/l), Phosphate (0.00 – 0.69±0.02 mg/l), Total Heterotrophic Bacteria (3.00±2.00 – 2.458×104±2.44×104 cfu/ml), Total Coliform Bacteria (0.00 – 7.5±4.5 MPN/100ml), Faecal Coliform Bacteria (0.00 – 3.00±0.01 MPN/100ml), pH levels of water in the areas were within set limits in most stations. Water Quality Indices showed that the water in the study area ranged from poor to Unsuitable for drinking. The results from this study show that water in the study area is poor for drinking purposes and can pose health hazards to the population if consumed without proper treatment. Thus, regular monitoring, adequate treatment as well as alternative source of drinking water were recommended.
The Impact of Migrants’ Remittances on Rural Development in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Enefu Joseph , Mundi Rhoda , Dakyes Samuel Panse
Published: April 2024

The study assessed the role of migrants’ remittances in rural development in Benue State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the relationship between migrants and their home of origin as well as the contribution of migrants to rural development in Benue State. A total of 1202 respondents were selected from 55 rural settlements and used for the study. The rural communities and respondents were selected through multi-stage sampling technique involving purposive, simple random, judgement and snowball sampling. Data were obtained through questionnaire. Descriptive statistical tools like frequencies and percentages were used for data analysis. Tables and plates were used for data presentation. The study found that 60.1% of the respondents are male. Most respondents (23.7%) are within age 50-54 years. Most respondents are married (79.8%) and have children. The ratio of migrants to respondent is 2.5. Migrants sent remittance to home of origin for community development; the remittances were used for school, electricity, hospital and road construction. The study recommends that migration should be coordinated to enhance its advantage. To ensure rural development, government, communities, private individuals and migrants should collaborate in funding infrastructural facilities in rural communities that are interested in self-help project in the State.
REVIEW OF MODERN BATHYMETRIC SURVEY TECHNIQUES AND THEIR IMPACT ON OFFSHORE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Osayi Philip Igbinenikaro  , Oladipo Olugbenga Adekoya  , Emmanuel Augustine Etukudoh
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive review of modern bathymetric survey techniques and their impact on offshore energy development. Bathymetric surveys play a crucial role in mapping the seafloor and are essential for various offshore activities, including oil and gas exploration, renewable energy development, and submarine cable installation. The review synthesizes recent advancements in bathymetric surveying technologies, focusing on their role in improving the exploration and monitoring of offshore energy resources. The first section of the paper provides an overview of traditional bathymetric survey methods, such as single-beam and multi-beam echo sounders, which have been widely used for mapping the seafloor. The limitations of these methods, including limited coverage and resolution, are discussed, highlighting the need for more advanced techniques. The second section of the paper discusses the recent advancements in bathymetric survey technologies, such as airborne lidar, satellite-derived bathymetry, and unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). These technologies offer significant improvements in terms of coverage, resolution, and efficiency compared to traditional methods. For example, airborne lidar can provide high-resolution bathymetric data over large areas, making it ideal for rapid seafloor mapping in offshore energy exploration. The third section of the paper examines the impact of these advancements on offshore energy development. Improved bathymetric surveying techniques enable more accurate mapping of the seafloor, which is crucial for identifying suitable locations for offshore energy infrastructure, such as oil and gas platforms, wind farms, and wave energy converters. Furthermore, these techniques facilitate the monitoring of underwater structures and environmental changes, helping to ensure the safe and sustainable operation of offshore energy facilities. In conclusion, modern bathymetric survey techniques have revolutionized offshore energy development by providing more accurate, efficient, and cost-effective methods for mapping the seafloor. These advancements are essential for meeting the growing demand for offshore energy resources while minimizing environmental impact and ensuring operational safety.

Keywords: Modern Bathymetric, Survey Techniques, Impact, Offshore Energy, Development.
SUBSURFACE CARBON SEQUESTRATION POTENTIAL IN OFFSHORE ENVIRONMENTS: A GEOSCIENTIFIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Obobi Ume Onwuka  , Akinsola Adu
Published: April 2024

As the global community intensifies efforts to combat climate change, subsurface carbon sequestration emerges as a promising avenue for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This paper delves into the geoscientific perspective on the potential for subsurface carbon sequestration in offshore environments. The introduction provides a backdrop on the significance of carbon sequestration and outlines the objectives of exploring the feasibility and challenges associated with offshore subsurface storage. The overview section explores the mechanisms and comparative advantages of offshore carbon sequestration. Geoscientific factors influencing carbon sequestration, including geological characteristics, reservoir assessment, and seismic imaging, are examined in detail. Challenges and risks, both geological and technological, are scrutinized to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved. Real-world case studies and ongoing research initiatives shed light on successful projects and emerging trends in offshore carbon sequestration. The economic and environmental implications are discussed, emphasizing the need for a thorough cost-benefit analysis and environmental impact assessment. The regulatory framework and compliance standards, both current and future, are explored to ensure responsible implementation. The paper concludes with insights into the future prospects of subsurface carbon sequestration, emphasizing emerging technologies, research priorities, and the imperative for responsible practices. This geoscientific exploration seeks to contribute to the growing body of knowledge guiding sustainable solutions for carbon reduction in offshore environments.

Keywords: Subsurface, Carbon, Sequestration Potential, Offshore, Environments, Geoscientific.
SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES IN ONSHORE GAS EXPLORATION: INCORPORATING CARBON CAPTURE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE
Authors: Obobi Ume Onwuka  , Akinsola Adu
Published: April 2024

The exploration and extraction of onshore gas resources play a pivotal role in meeting global energy demands. However, traditional practices in onshore gas exploration often come at a significant environmental cost, particularly in terms of carbon emissions. In response to growing concerns about climate change and environmental degradation, there is an urgent need for sustainable strategies that incorporate carbon capture technologies into onshore gas exploration processes. This paper aims to explore various sustainable strategies that can be implemented in onshore gas exploration, focusing on the integration of carbon capture to ensure environmental compliance. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, this paper identifies key challenges and opportunities in implementing carbon capture technologies in onshore gas exploration. Furthermore, it examines the economic, technical, and regulatory aspects of incorporating carbon capture into onshore gas exploration operations. The paper also discusses potential synergies between carbon capture and other sustainable practices, such as methane reduction and ecosystem restoration. Ultimately, this paper provides insights into how onshore gas exploration can transition towards a more sustainable and environmentally responsible industry, while still meeting energy demands.

Keywords: Onshore Gas Exploration, Carbon Capture, Environmental Compliance, Sustainable Strategies, Climate Change Mitigation, Techno-Economic Analysis.
TECHNOLOGICAL SYNERGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE DISCOVERY: ENHANCING ENERGY EXPLORATION WITH CARBON MANAGEMENT
Authors: Obobi Ume Onwuka  , Akinsola Adu
Published: April 2024

As the global demand for energy continues to rise, the imperative to balance this growth with environmental sustainability becomes increasingly crucial. This paper delves into the confluence of technological advancements in energy exploration and carbon management, aiming to create a framework for sustainable resource discovery. The study explores cutting-edge exploration techniques, incorporating advanced geophysical methods and artificial intelligence-driven data analytics, while concurrently addressing environmental concerns through effective carbon management strategies like carbon capture and storage (CCS) and utilization. The paper presents a holistic approach that synergizes innovative technologies, optimizing energy exploration processes and simultaneously mitigating environmental impacts. Through case studies, technological frameworks, and industry applications, we illustrate the practical implementation of these synergies. The findings underscore the significance of collaborative efforts between the energy and environmental sectors and provide a roadmap for future developments in the energy industry that align with global sustainability goals. This paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how technological synergies can drive sustainable resource discovery, presenting a compelling case for the integration of advanced exploration methods with carbon management strategies. The proposed framework not only addresses the pressing challenges of meeting energy demands but also ensures a responsible and sustainable trajectory for the future of the energy industry.

Keywords: Technological Synergies, Sustainable, Resource Discovery, Energy Exploration, Carbon, Management.
WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND THE PERFORMANCE OF LISTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Authors: AMUGHORO, Austin Onome  , ATUBE, Elizabeth Noyenim  , EFANIMJOR, Prince
Published: April 2024

Large number of corporate failures is attributable to inappropriate management strategies or controlling working capital management components as it relates to profitability. This study examines the effects of working capital management (WCM) on the profit base of  manufacturing firms in Nigeria from 2012-2021. Data were sourced from annual reports of sampled manufacturing firms quoted on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX). The study employed Ordinary Least Square (OLS), descriptive statistics, and correlation matrix to analyse the sourced data. The findings show that there is no significant relationship between current ratio and return on asset of manufacturing firms in Nigeria with a p-value of 0.23. Cash Conversion Cycle revealed a coefficient of -0.04 and p-value of 0.01, indicating a negative impact on ROA which is statistically significant. Thus, there is a significant relationship between cash conversion cycle and return on assets of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Account payable management have an insignificant negative impact on return on asset of manufacturing firms in Nigeria based on the coefficient -0.01 and p-value of 0.54. The findings show that Account Receivable Management was found to be significantly positive associated with Return on Asset with the coefficient 0.03 and p-value of 0.02. More so, manufacturing firms should establish a strong yet mutually beneficial suppliers’ base. Additionally, firms should enforce clear credit policies to ensure timely and efficient collection of receivables.

Keywords:  Current Ratio, Cash Conversion Cycle, Account payable management, Account Receivable Management, Return on Asset.
THE INTEGRATED BANKING-SUPPLY CHAIN (IBSC) MODEL FOR FMCG IN EMERGING MARKETS
Authors: Tolulope Esther Edunjobi
Published: April 2024

The Integrated Banking-Supply Chain (IBSC) model represents a comprehensive framework designed to enhance the efficiency and resilience of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) supply chains in emerging markets. Emerging markets present unique challenges, including infrastructural limitations, economic volatility, and limited access to financing. The IBSC model addresses these challenges by integrating banking services with supply chain management practices, fostering collaboration among stakeholders and leveraging financial instruments to optimize operations. This paper explores the key components and benefits of the IBSC model within the context of FMCG industries operating in emerging markets. It highlights the significance of collaboration between banks, FMCG companies, suppliers, distributors, and other stakeholders to promote transparency, efficiency, and accountability throughout the supply chain. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of tailored financial services, such as trade finance, working capital loans, inventory financing, and supply chain financing, in meeting the unique needs of FMCG businesses in emerging markets. Trade finance plays a pivotal role in facilitating international trade transactions by providing financing for importing raw materials and exporting finished goods. Working capital loans assist FMCG companies in managing their day-to-day operational expenses, while inventory financing enables them to leverage existing inventory as collateral to secure financing and optimize cash flow. Supply chain financing mechanisms, such as factoring and invoice discounting, provide liquidity to suppliers and distributors along the supply chain, thereby enhancing overall efficiency and resilience. Overall, the IBSC model offers FMCG companies in emerging markets a strategic approach to overcome challenges related to supply chain management and financing. By integrating banking services with supply chain operations, the model enables FMCG businesses to optimize working capital, reduce financing costs, and improve cash flow management, ultimately enhancing their competitiveness and sustainability in rapidly evolving markets.

Keywords:  Integrated Banking-Supply Chain Model, FMCG, Emerging Markets, Supply Chain Management, Financial Services, Collaboration.
INNOVATING SERVICE DELIVERY FOR UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES: LEVERAGING DATA ANALYTICS AND PROGRAM MANAGEMENT IN THE U.S. CONTEXT
Authors: Arenike Patricia Adekugbe  , Chidera Victoria Ibeh
Published: April 2024

Innovating service delivery for underserved communities in the United States is imperative to address systemic inequalities and ensure equitable access to essential services. This paper explores the integration of data analytics and program management to develop tailored solutions within the U.S. context. Underserved communities, characterized by socioeconomic disparities and limited access to resources, present unique challenges that necessitate innovative approaches. Leveraging data analytics enables organizations to gain insights into community needs, predict trends, and allocate resources effectively. Furthermore, program management methodologies, such as agile practices and stakeholder collaboration, facilitate the design and implementation of responsive and impactful initiatives. Through case studies in healthcare, education, and housing assistance, we demonstrate the practical application of these strategies in addressing diverse community needs. However, several challenges, including accessibility barriers, equity concerns, and financial constraints, must be navigated to ensure the success and sustainability of innovative programs. Looking ahead, advancements in technology and policy support offer opportunities to further enhance service delivery for underserved populations. By prioritizing collaboration, innovation, and equity, stakeholders can work towards creating inclusive systems that uplift and empower all communities. This paper underscores the importance of continuous adaptation and investment in innovative solutions to address the complex needs of underserved populations in the United States.

Keywords: Innovation, Service Delivery, Underserved Communities, Data Analytics, Program Management, U.S. Context.
NAVIGATING THE LEGAL COMPLEXITIES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN GLOBAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
Authors: Etinosa Igbinenikaro  , Adefolake Olachi Adewusi
Published: April 2024

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to revolutionize global trade, it brings with it a host of legal complexities that challenge traditional frameworks within international trade agreements. This abstract explores the emerging problem of integrating AI into global trade agreements, identifies its purpose in addressing these challenges, highlights existing research gaps, and outlines the structure of the study. The proliferation of AI technologies in global trade presents a myriad of legal challenges, including issues related to intellectual property rights, data protection, liability, and regulatory frameworks. Existing international trade agreements often lack specific provisions addressing AI, leading to ambiguity and inconsistency in legal interpretation. Moreover, the rapid pace of technological advancement outpaces the ability of legal frameworks to adapt, exacerbating the problem. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal complexities arising from the integration of AI into global trade agreements and to propose potential solutions for addressing these challenges. By examining existing legal frameworks, case studies, and scholarly literature, this research aims to provide insights into the development of AI-inclusive trade policies that foster innovation while safeguarding against potential risks and inequalities. While there is a growing body of literature addressing the intersection of AI and various legal domains, such as ethics, privacy, and labor law, there remains a notable gap in the understanding of how AI impacts international trade agreements specifically. Existing research primarily focuses on domestic regulatory frameworks, leaving a dearth of comprehensive analysis on the implications of AI for global trade governance. This study seeks to fill this gap by exploring the unique legal challenges posed by AI in the context of international trade agreements. This study will begin by providing an overview of the current landscape of AI technologies and their applications in global trade. It will then analyze the existing legal frameworks within international trade agreements and identify areas of ambiguity and inconsistency concerning AI. Subsequently, the study will explore case studies and examples of AI implementation in trade, examining the legal implications and challenges encountered. Finally, the research will propose recommendations and policy guidelines for integrating AI into future trade agreements, ensuring coherence, fairness, and adaptability in the face of technological innovation.

Keywords: Law, Business Law, Legal, Artificial Intelligence, Trade Agreement.
HEALTHCARE MANAGERS' ROLE IN ADDRESSING HEALTH DISPARITIES: A REVIEW OF STRATEGIES
Authors: Chioma Anthonia Okolo  , Scholastica Ijeh  , Jeremiah Olawumi Arowoogun  , Adekunle Oyeyemi Adeniyi  , Olufunke Omotayo
Published: April 2024

This review paper comprehensively explores the pivotal role of healthcare managers in addressing health disparities. It examines their responsibilities, including strategic planning, cultural competence, and community engagement. The impact of managerial decisions on healthcare delivery and outcomes for diverse populations is scrutinized, highlighting the intricate challenges and systemic barriers. The paper emphasizes the influential intersection of healthcare policies, underscoring the need for policies that prioritize equity. Additionally, it elucidates the crucial role of education and training for healthcare managers, stressing continuous professional development in diverse healthcare settings. The future directions encompass precision approaches, technology integration, and a global perspective on health disparities. The conclusion emphasizes the significance of healthcare managers as transformative leaders in the ongoing pursuit of health equity, orchestrating strategies that transcend organizational boundaries and resonate within communities. This review serves as a roadmap for advancing healthcare management practices that contribute to dismantling disparities and fostering inclusivity in healthcare delivery

Keywords: Health Disparities, Healthcare Management, Cultural Competence, Policy Implications, Continuous Professional Development.
NAVIGATING ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN DATA MANAGEMENT FOR U.S. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT: BEST PRACTICES AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Authors: Arenike Patricia Adekugbe  , Chidera Victoria Ibeh
Published: April 2024

In the landscape of U.S. program development, the ethical management of data plays a crucial role in ensuring the integrity, privacy, and trustworthiness of information. This review outlines best practices and recommendations for navigating ethical challenges inherent in data management within this context. Understanding ethical challenges involves recognizing the complexities of data collection, storage, usage, and sharing, and the potential dilemmas they pose. Best practices entail implementing robust procedures for informed consent, privacy protection, encryption, access control, and compliance with relevant regulations. Additionally, ethical decision-making requires the establishment of frameworks that prioritize stakeholder interests, risk assessment, and the implementation of guidelines through staff training and regular audits. Through case studies, real-world examples illustrate the practical application of ethical principles in addressing data management challenges. This review emphasizes the critical role of ethical considerations in safeguarding data integrity and fostering trust among stakeholders in U.S. program development initiatives. It underscores the need for continued vigilance and adherence to ethical guidelines to mitigate risks and uphold the ethical standards essential for responsible data management in this domain.

Keywords:  Ethical Challenges, Data Management, U.S. Program Development, Best Practices, Recommendations.