bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
β-Cyclodextrin-based Stimuli-Responsive Nanogels for Gymnema sylvestre: Therapeutic Potential and Safety evaluation in Diabetic conditions
Authors: Rahman Atiq Ur , Minhas Muhammad Usman , Sohail Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Historically, herbal medicines have played a significant role in treating various illnesses. Specifically concerning diabetes, numerous plant-based remedies have been utilized to regulate blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity. However, despite their popularity, many herbal medicines have poor solubility, leading to low bioavailability and the need for higher or repeated dosing, which can limit their therapeutic viability. Gymnema sylvestre, a well-known herb with a history in diabetes management, contains gymnemic acids face bioavailability challenges due to limited solubility, impacting it clinical efficacy. This study focuses on enhancing Gymnema sylvestre’s solubility and bioavailability using stimuli responsive nanogels with β-Cyclodextrin, cross-linked with Methacrylic Acids (MAA) through free radical polymerization. The optimized formulation NGT4, showed favorable characteristics: high drug entrapment, increased solubility, and a particle size of 201nm. Analytical methods like FTIR, TGA/DSC, SEM, and PXRD confirmed the successful polymeric network and stable nanogel properties. In vitro release studies in acidic and basic media demonstrate controlled drug release, while in vivo tests confirmed the nanogel’s safety, biocompatibility, and effective hypoglycemic effects. These findings suggest that pH-responsive nanogels are promising approach to improve the solubility and therapeutic performance of Gymnema sylvestre in diabetes management.
Success Factors and Measures for Scaling Patient-Facing Digital Health Technologies from Leaders Insights
Authors: Pfitzer Estelle , Giger Odile-Florence , Kausch Christoph , Kowatsch Tobias
Published: January 2025

Background
Europe’s healthcare systems face a triple burden: the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), an aging population, and a shortage of healthcare professionals. NCDs, the leading causes of death, disproportionately affect older adults, placing significant pressure on healthcare services. By 2050, nearly 30% of Europe’s population will be aged 65 or older, up from 20% in 2023. These challenges demand urgent solutions to sustain healthcare systems. Patient-facing digital health technologies (DHTs), such as Digital Diagnostics and Digital Therapeutics, offer promising tools to address this burden by empowering patient self-management, reducing strain on healthcare professionals, and enhancing system efficiency. Despite their potential, the scaling and adoption of DHTs remain limited. This study investigates: (RQ1) What key factors drive success across different patient-facing DHT categories? and (RQ2) How can companies implement these factors?
Methods
Following COREQ guidelines, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 29 executives and founders of European DHT companies targeting NCDs. Participants were identified using PitchBook, focusing on revenue-generating companies with over 20 employees. Virtual interviews were conducted in English between May and September 2024, lasting an average of 28 minutes (range: 21–40). Data saturation determined the sample size. Thematic analysis was performed, with two researchers independently coding the data to ensure reliability. Success factors were categorized as internal (e.g., employees) or external (e.g., partnerships). Ethical approval was obtained, and data was anonymized.
Results
We identified 19 success factors for scaling patient-facing DHTs. Health & Wellness companies prioritized business model flexibility (80%), while Digital Therapeutics relied on regulatory compliance (100%). Validation of health impact was critical across categories, emphasized by all respondents in Digital Diagnostics and Digital Therapeutics. Other key factors included customer awareness, strategic partnerships, and investor alignment, highlighting the importance of tailored growth strategies.
Conclusion
This study provides a structured framework for scaling patient-facing DHTs, emphasizing category-specific strategies aligned with operational, regulatory, and consumer demands. It offers actionable guidance for founders and executives to allocate resources effectively and adapt to diverse market contexts. By addressing the unique challenges of scaling DHTs, this work contributes to advancing digital health research and improving healthcare system resilience.
Personalized dose reduction strategies for biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs for treating ankylosing spondylitis: a clinical and economic evaluation with predictive modeling
Authors: Bui Hai Binh , Nguyen Thi Thu Phuong , Vu Thi Thanh Hang , Ngo Thi Thuc Nhan , Nguyen Thi Nhu Hoa , Hoang Dung Van
Published: January 2025

Background
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that significantly affects quality of life and imposes a high economic burden on patients due to the cost of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). Dose reduction strategies for bDMARDs may offer a feasible approach to maintaining clinical efficacy while reducing costs. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-efficiency of bDMARD dose reduction in patients with AS and apply predictive modeling to identify key factors influencing disease control.
Methods
This 12-month prospective study included 368 patients with AS who were divided into two groups: those who received dose reduction and those with full-dose therapy. Clinical outcomes such as C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, the Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI) and ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score (ASDAS) were assessed, along with cost effectiveness using incremental cost effectiveness ratios (ICER). Random forest models were developed to predict the achievement of inactive disease (ASDAS < 1.3) and to identify key predictors.
Results
The ICER to achieve an ASDAS < 1.3 was highly favorable (-$16,772.62). Patients in the dose reduction group demonstrated significant improvements in CRP levels (-4.65 vs. -1.32 mg/L, p < 0.001), BASDAI (-3.00 vs. -0.42, p < 0.001), and ASDAS (-1.72 vs. -0.15, p < 0.001), compared with the full dose group. Predictive modeling identified baseline CRP level, baseline ASDAS, and dose adjustment as key factors influencing outcomes, with the medium feature model achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 81.86%.
Conclusions
The reduction in bDMARD doses maintained clinical efficacy and achieved significant cost savings, offering a viable strategy for the management of AS. Predictive modeling provided actionable insights to optimize personalized treatment strategies, balancing efficacy and economic sustainability. These findings support the integration of dose reduction strategies into routine practice, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Brain stem glioma surgery via a telovelar approach using sodium fluorescein in a 6-year-old pediatric patient
Authors: Cavalheiro Sergio , Quiróz José Antonio Rangel , Dastoli Patricia Alessandra , Kim Isaque Hyung Tong , Suzuki Fernando Seiji , Costa Marcos Devanir Silva da
Published: January 2025

Tectal gliomas are a subset of brainstem gliomas that typically present symptoms related to hydrocephalus due to obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These tumors are generally low grade and have a favorable prognosis.
Management often focuses on resolving hydrocephalus, with surgical intervention considered when symptoms worsen.
Sodium fluorescein is a fluorescent dye used in brain tumor surgeries to enhance visualization, allowing surgeons to distinguish between tumor tissue and normal brain tissue more effectively. This technique improves the precision and safety of tumor resection.
We present the case of a 6-year-old patient in whom we performed the telovelar approach to resect the exophytic portion at the level of the Sylvian aqueduct via sodium fluorescein (2.5 mg/kg) for adequate resection, with excellent postoperative results.
Ethics committee approval was not required to perform the surgical procedure on the patient. The patient's parents provided informed consent for the surgery and gave verbal consent for the publication of their video surgery.
Free fermions with dephasing and boundary driving: Bethe Ansatz results
Authors: Alba Vincenzo
Published: January 2025

By employing the Lindblad equation, we derive the evolution of the two-point correlator for a free-fermion chain of length LL subject to bulk dephasing and boundary losses. We use the Bethe Ansatz to diagonalize the Liouvillian \mathcal{L}^{(2)}ℒ(2) governing the dynamics of the correlator. The majority of its eigenvalues are complex. Precisely, L(L-1)/2L(L−1)/2 complex eigenvalues do not depend on dephasing, apart from a trivial shift. The remaining complex levels are perturbatively related to the dephasing-independent ones for large LL. The long-time dynamics is governed by a band of real eigenvalues, which contains an extensive number of levels. They give rise to diffusive scaling at intermediate times, when boundaries can be neglected. Moreover, they encode the breaking of diffusion at asymptotically long times. Interestingly, for large loss rate two boundary modes appear in the spectrum. The real eigenvalues correspond to string solutions of the Bethe equations, and can be treated effectively for large chains. This allows us to derive compact formulas for the dynamics of the fermionic density. We check our results against exact diagonalization, finding perfect agreement.
Development of Learning Media for Biolarga (Biology of Snakes and Ladders) Containing Critical thinking Skills in Class IX Human Reproductive System Material
Authors: Ernawati Wahyuni Tri , SM Ismail , Anggis Eka Vasia
Published: January 2025

This research analyzes the characteristics and feasibility of developing biolarga (biology of snakes and ladders) learning media containing critical thinking skills on human reproductive system material. Development is carried out using a 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). Learning media was developed and tested on MTs N 3 Grobogan class IX students. The data collection instrument uses a validation sheet to determine product suitability through validators, media experts, language experts, material experts, critical thinking experts, and practitioner experts. Based on the results of the validation and trials on students, the average percentage of eligibility was 84.28%. The result of this research indicates that the learning media developed is suitable for use as a medium to support the learning process, especially regarding the human reproductive system
Mapping the Potential of Field Laboratories on Mount Galunggung for Learning the Concept of Plantae Biology
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Hernawati Diana , Putra Rinaldi Rizal
Published: January 2025

Biology education emphasizes the importance of teacher facilitation both inside and outside the classroom. Field laboratory experiences are crucial for deepening conceptual understanding and complementing classroom learning. This research aims to describe the types of mosses and ferns in the Gunung Galunggung area and to map its potential as a field laboratory. The research method used is an exploratory survey through direct observation, interviews, literature studies, field observations, and documentation studies. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively and descriptively using the Milles and Hubberman approach, classifying Gunung Galunggung into 3 stations with 9 zones. The research results show that Gunung Galunggung has 10 genera of mosses from 8 families and 16 genera of ferns from 13 families, indicating significant potential as a field laboratory. This study is expected to serve as a reference for educators and biology students for independent practicum activities in the Gunung Galunggung area.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence to enhance the Quality of Life for patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Review.
Authors: Araujo-Filho Irami , Meneses do Rêgo Amália Cinthia
Published: January 2025

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into healthcare, specifically for managing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), offers transformative potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, personalize treatment, and improve patient outcomes. This review explores the application of various AI programs in ASD management, discussing their functionalities, ethical considerations, implementation challenges, and the need for comprehensive regulatory frameworks. Critical AI applications such as AI-driven diagnostic imaging, predictive analytics, assisted therapy robots, remote monitoring, treatment personalization, decision support systems, and therapeutic chatbots are examined. Each technology is analyzed for its ability to improve the quality of life for individuals with ASD by offering more personalized, efficient, and effective care and support. Ethical issues, particularly concerning data bias and privacy, are highlighted as significant challenges that need addressing to maximize AI's benefits while minimizing risks. Practical hurdles like integration with existing healthcare systems, the need for scalable solutions across diverse geographic and socio-economic contexts, and the high costs associated with AI development are also discussed. Furthermore, the review underscores the necessity for robust regulatory policies that ensure patient safety, protect data privacy, and maintain high ethical standards in AI deployment. The paper concludes that while AI presents substantial opportunities for advancing ASD management, achieving these benefits requires a concerted effort from technologists, clinicians, ethicists, and policymakers to develop AI tools that are not only innovative but also ethical, equitable, and universally beneficial.
Disponibilidade de biomassa e caracterização da caatinga sob manejo agroecológico
Authors:   , Silva Beatriz Kelly Guedes da
Published: January 2025

A caatinga ocupa cerca de 11% do território nacional, abrangendo os Estados da Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Ceará, Piauí e Minas Gerais. As pastagens nativas têm grande importância para a pecuária mundial, em especial para a produção de pequenos ruminantes do Nordeste. Esta dissertação objetivou caracterizar a vegetação da Caatinga sob manejo agroecológico, sendo o mesmo discutido em referencial teórico e um artigo cientifico para publicação. No referencial teórico é relatado descrições sobre a região semiárida brasileira no qual evidencia as características da vegetação da Caatinga com potencial forrageiro e aborda sua utilização nos períodos de seca e de chuva no decorrer dos anos. Relata ainda as características agroecológicas que vem auxiliar um melhor manejo dos animais que se alimentam de espécies forrageiras na Caatinga, abordando estruturações florísticas e fitossociológicas para caracterização de um manejo sustentável, mesmo em períodos de estiagem. O artigo científico retrata o estudo da disponibilidade de matéria seca, composição florística e frequência, e a similaridade de espécies de áreas vegetais da Caatinga sob manejo agroecológico. Nesse estudo, foi levantada a disponibilidade de matéria seca, que apresentou variações nos períodos por influência da resiliência da vegetação em função das chuvas do ciclo anterior, tendo picos de máximo de matéria seca, de 1,005 kg MS/0,25m² e de 1,042 kg MS/0,25m² respectivamente nos meses de outubro e abril. No referido experimento observou-se que as espécies mais frequentes foram as Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae e Poaceae. Para avaliação de similaridade as espécies que apresentaram maior similaridade foram as Mesosphaeru suaveolens (alfazema), Tribulus terrestris L.(cabeça de touro), Borreria verticillata (cabeça de velho), Mimosa hostilis Benth (jurema-preta), Sida sp (malva) e Aristida adscensionis L. (capim panasco).
The GetMoving Randomized Clinical Trial Protocol: A Perioperative Home-Based (P)Rehabilitation Exercise Intervention in Patients with Bladder Cancer and Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer (Preprint)
Authors: Lin Cindy Y. , Hunter Hanna , Li Richard , Ioseliani Otari , Cantor Leah , Brewer Elena G , Landis Karla , Bridges David , Munson Sean A , Psutka Sarah P.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Patients with cancer of the bladder or upper tract are frequently older with a high burden of frailty, sarcopenia, mobility impairment, and multimorbidity, each of which is associated with reduced ability to tolerate invasive treatments and survival. (P)rehabilitation programs are designed to improve functional reserve prior to treatment to mitigate functional decline and optimize post-treatment outcomes and quality of life. Current barriers to widespread prehabilitation program implementation include high costs, time intensity, requirement for in-person therapy, and exercise interventions that are too intense or not feasible to include in clinical care of patients. Digital, home-based (p)rehabilitation strategies offer the potential for scalable adoption, personalization, and integration with electronic health records and routine oncology care.

OBJECTIVE

This study protocol aims to examine the feasibility, usability, and impact of a (p)rehabilitation exercise intervention delivered via the ExerciseRx digital health platform in patients undergoing treatment for bladder and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (B/UC).

METHODS

The GetMoving study is a randomized control trial. Following informed consent, participants will be randomized 1:1 to participate in a 4 weeks ((P)REHAB) prescription vs. receiving standard of care (SC) exercise prescription. The study will enroll 102 patients undergoing surgery for treatment of B/UC. The co-primary endpoints are change in physical function between baseline and surgery, as measured by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and feasibility evaluated by recruitment, retention, and adherence to the intervention. Secondary endpoints include app useability, change in frailty score, body composition, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), intervention safety ((P)REHAB-related CTCAE), treatment-associated adverse events, postoperative outcomes, Fitbit-assessed step count and sedentary time.

RESULTS

Institutional review board approval took place on September 19, 2023. This study began patient screening and recruitment in December 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

This trial aims to evaluate a scalable, pragmatic, home-based digital (P)REHAB program on perioperative physical function, recovery, and quality of life among participants with B/UC undergoing extirpative surgery.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov, RG1123479; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06040762
Development of Chemo-Selective Gas Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Detection of Bioactive Compounds in Curcuma longa
Authors: Hardoyono Fajar
Published: January 2025

Turmeric contains bioactive compounds that are efficacious for human health. A breakthrough of simpler and lower-cost identification techniques is needed to utilize it. This paper aims to investigate the development of chemo-selective gas sensors for identifying α-curcumene, ar-turmerone, curlone, and β-sesquiphellandrene. Four chemo-selective sensors were created using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors coated with molecularly imprinted polymers to identify each of those compounds. The polymers were prepared using polyacrylic acid, hydrochloric acid, and pure target compounds (α-curcumene, ar-turmerone, curlone, and β-sesquiphellandrene). The turmeric odor from 10 different samples was exposed to QCM sensors. The changing frequency of QCM sensors due to the mass loading of target compounds on the surface of QCM sensors was recorded to analyze the performance of QCM sensors. The result of the principal component analysis showed that the QCM sensors performed well and could distinguish the turmeric samples at five combinations of the compounds. The turmeric sample classification using backpropagation neural networks reached high accuracies, with 97.04% in training and 98.73% in testing datasets. These findings indicate that the employment of sensory analysis using QCM sensors has the prospect of being a complementary technique for identifying bioactive compounds.
Ethnic Economy of Sea Mammal Hunting in Chukotsky District (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia): Activities of Territorial Neighboring Groups
Authors:   Shilo North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the RAS, Kolomiets Oksana P.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article considers some features of present-day economic activity in the form of one traditional subsistence pattern characteristic of Chukotka’s indigenous peoples — sea mammal hunting. In the 1990s, the latter was virtually revived by residents of coastal villages in Eastern Chukotka and is currently developing through the efforts undertaken by members of so-called ‘Chukotka’s indigenous minor ethnic communities’. Goals. The article seeks to characterize and conduct a comparative analysis into the functioning of two such territorial neighboring groups from Chukotsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug — Daurkin and Lorino. Materials and methods. The study focuses on interviews with sea mammal hunters and residents of Lavrentiya and Lorino recorded in 2022–2024, official papers of Chukotsky District, reports by the Department of Agriculture of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug on activities of territorial neighboring groups, statistical materials, published documents. The work employs qualitative research methods, such as participant observation, interviewing, and comparative analysis. Conclusions. For some rural residents such territorial neighboring groups secure employment opportunities and stable incomes, while for others — a year-round supply with sea mammal meat (and products). The economic potential of rural communities is limited by scarce market outlets (the obtained products are intended for domestic consumption by indigenous population) and legislative prohibitions on commercial trade in some hunting products (e.g., meat of endangered animals). The successful activity of the examined territorial neighboring groups arises from a variety of factors, namely: financial and organizational support from regional authorities, leadership qualities of their chairmen, some creativity manifested in the search for new profitable activities, certain parallels between contemporary sea mammal hunting practices and historically established traditional subsistence paradigms in Chukotsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug.
A Role of Buddhism in the Shaping of Common Outposts for Russian and Mongolian Civilizations
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the RAS, Zheleznyakov Alexander S. , Nikiforov Svyatoslav V. ,   Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the RAS
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Russia’s Buddhist regions historically belonging to both the Russian and Mongolian civilizations are an attractive object for civilizational analysis in a variety of social sciences. Nonetheless, despite the ever-increasing role of civilizational processes in the context of the emerging and developing polycentric world order of civilization-states, scarce are studies united by a complex metascientific concept that would systematize the available empirical and theoretical information. Goals. Thus, the article attempts such research and seeks to identify the role of the Buddhist factor in the development of cross-civilizational relations in Russia through the examples of three common outposts of Russian and Mongolian civilizations — Buryatia, Tuva, and Kalmykia. The paper examines the significance of the Buddhist factor in sociocultural and political spheres of Buryatia and partly Transbaikalia, Tuva (Tyva), and Kalmykia. Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological apparatus of the research rests on a new scientific approach — civilizational political science which considers civilizational and political processes within a stereoscopic worldview that separates political and civilizational spaces, and implies the use of an interdisciplinary research toolkit and a metascientific level of its theoretical understanding. To facilitate these, the work shall use a variety of materials, such as past and present political and legal acts from national and regional levels, media reports, statements by politicians, public and spiritual figures, data from sociological surveys, as well as special scientific investigations analyzing the mentioned sources. Results. The study suggests that the role of the religious factor — and, in particular, that of Buddhism — is significant in political and civilizational processes across the common outposts of the Russian and Mongolian civilizations throughout the territory of the Russian Federation. Meanwhile, it serves as a substrate of civilizational identity, along with ethnic, cultural, confessional, linguistic ones, and factors of surrounding landscapes and commonality of historical destiny. Conclusions. Despite the importance of the civilizational factor for the examined regions, current national policies give priority to the concept of ‘political nation’ rather than that of ‘civilization-state’, which reduces somewhat due consideration of the confessional and ethnocultural diversity across the outposts, and hampers the fulfillment of their potentials in favor of development at both regional and national levels.
The Role of Buddhism in Everyday Life of Congregants of Kyzyl: Preliminary Research
Authors:   Tuvan State University, Kadyg-ool Khulerben K. , Mongush Dolaana Sh ,   Tuvan State University
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article addresses the issue of ‘ordinary’ religiosity of believers in Kyzyl, namely the role of Buddhism as a religion in their everyday life. The conducted ethnographic research (individual in-depth interviews with the laity and clergy of Tuva’s Buddhist temples) results in a generalized analysis and interpretation of the degree of religiosity of Tuva’s Buddhist population, outlines the role of Buddhism in their daily lives, and attempts a generalized culturological assessment of how that religiosity gets manifested in their day-to-day routine. The study highlights the dynamic interaction between religion and everyday life in Tuva. Goals. So, the paper seeks to establish the role of Buddhism in Tuvan believers’ daily life and specify its peculiarities, reveal important factors of ‘ordinary’ religiosity of Buddhist congregants in Kyzyl. Methods and materials. The work employs some ethnographic methods and those of qualitative data analysis, the main research method being a qualitative one — that of individual in–depth interviews. The latter make it possible to investigate the field in question as deeply, accurately and thoroughly as possible, to obtain reliable and relevant research material. It is noteworthy that the interviews included the use of the free-list method, which yielded individual data on each respondent’s Buddhist knowledge. Conclusions. The preliminary research reveals the formation of a new type of religiosity in Tuva distinguished by certain regional characteristics. This definitely requires a more sophisticated approach to religious studies that should comprise interdisciplinary components. The insufficient competence of older generations in religious matters gives rise to a vacuum that contributes to the emergence of somewhat ‘personal religions’. At the current level of religious development, Tuvans probably need an understandable and convenient religious system, which, in turn, may become an obstacle to deeper interest in Buddhism as a philosophy. Religious studies in the region are still relevant and require further attention.
The Rite of Seter Tatakh and the Cult of Water Spirits among the Mongolic Peoples
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS, Miyagasheva Surzhana B.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article deals with archaic layers of Mongolic traditional cultures — worship of water, water sources and bodies — to specifically analyze the cult of water spirits. Goals. The study seeks to describe the rite of venerating the water master Luusan Khan through dedicating a sacrificial animal referred to as ‘seter’. Materials and methods. To facilitate this, the work shall address a variety of ethnographic and folklore sources of the Mongolic peoples. Still, the main source herein be the Mongolian-language manuscript titled ‘Luus-un qaγan-u seter-ün sudur bui’ (‘Sutra of Seter [Offering] for Khan of the Luus’) and housed at the Center of Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs (IMBT SB RAS). Results. The article provides a source analysis of the manuscript, its text being newly introduced into scientific circulation. It attempts an insight into the semantics of setertatakh and its elements, identifies certain motifs of exchange and propitiation traced in the worship of water and water masters, and delineates some mythological parallels between the water cult practice and traditional worldviews of Turko-Mongols. The ritual of animal dedication was aimed at appeasing the master of water, the animal be a prominent one with certain qualities and signs. In return, the addressee was expected to take care of the involved humans and their livestock, bestow protection, longevity, and various benefits. The consecrated animal was hence considered the property of the water spirit, and had to be ritually clean. It was endowed with sacred powers and believed to contain the life force of livestock. The paper resumes with due regard of its purpose, the ritual text helps us understand key development directions of Buryat ritual practices throughout the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Conclusions. The work reveals that the rite of setertatakh was part of the Buryat ritual agenda believed of utmost importance for economic activities of livestock breeders, since it was meant to deliver to Luusan Khan — requests for juicy grass, health, fertility of humans and animals. It is also established that the examined written source clusters with essentially syncretic Buryat ritual texts for religious and everyday cults and practices, a unique and rare one of the latter being that of the water master Luusan Khan.
The Problem of Permafrost Degradation and Development of Geocryological Science in Yakutia in the Twentieth Century
Authors:   Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North, Siberian Branch of the RAS, Suleymanov Alexander A. , Fedorova Aytalina R. ,   Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North, Siberian Branch of the RAS, Fedorov Svyatoslav I. ,   Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North, Siberian Branch of the RAS,   Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Aprosimov Dmitry A. ,   Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North, Siberian Branch of the RAS
Published: January 2025

Goals. The article aims to reconstruct a dynamic pattern characterizing the degradation of permafrost and its consequences for Yakutia’s population from the early twentieth century to the late Soviet era, as well as to articulate the role of this problem in the development of geocryology in the region. Materials and methods. The study basically analyzes scattered documentary evidence discovered in archival and museum collections of Moscow, Irkutsk and Yakutsk, the authors’ field materials, and data from related scientific publications. Results. The conducted work makes it possible to note that permafrost degradation caused by anthropogenic impacts was largely somewhat permanent process throughout the period under consideration. In case of urban settlements, corresponding cases were associated with either initial design defects (buildings and structures) or insufficient consideration of the permafrost factor (during the latter’s operation). In case of rural areas, such human intervention was primarily manifested in the removal of vegetation cover aimed at creating arable and meadow lands. It is shown that the need for timely responses to emerging challenges contributed to the development of geocryological science in Yakutia, its enrichment with new original areas of research within the framework of engineering geocryology and agricultural ecology across the cryolithic zone.
Privolzhsky District of Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast: Implementing Collectivization Policies
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Shikhanov Namsyr A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article examines some peculiarities of Kalmykia’s mass agricultural collectivization through the example of Privolzhsky District characterized by the presence of three sectors — animal husbandry, fishing and crop farming. Goals. The study seeks to identify and analyze distinctive features of collectivization arrangements in Privolzhsky District. Materials and methods. The paper focuses on records management files and correspondence between government agencies and kolkhozes, economic and statistical accounts housed at Kalmykia’s National Archive (coll. Р-3, Р-37 and Р-112). The documents narrate about collectivization efforts undertaken in the district during the period in question, show the actual dynamics of economic indicators, and describe related social processes. The work employs the historical genetic and comparative methods. Results. In the early to mid-1930s, the Soviets would intensively pursue collectivization and sedentarization policies across Privolzhsky District. The collectivization acceleration measures included confiscation of property owned by the rich. Once privileged groups of Privolzhsky District would be relocated to a newly established kulak settlement in Primorsky District and other regions of the country. The local kolkhoz network grew to a total of 9 units that focused on animal husbandry. The share of kolkhoz-employed villagers increased (67,6 % in 1932) and, accordingly, that of self-employed ones decreased (32,4 %). At large, the collectivization efforts across the designated district did yield agricultural output growth for selected items by the mid-1930s.
Seismic risk and intangible landscape heritage on São Jorge
Authors: Karlsen Julie Næss
Published: January 2025

Abstract Responding to the EAR call for papers examining the architectural discipline ‘Beyond the visible’, the paper examines the relationship between seismic risk analysis and narratives embedded in the intangible landscape heritage in an area where risk forms part of both memories and physical landscapes. Centring landscape architectural fieldwork undertaken on São Jorge in the Azores in 2022, the paper traces the physical conditions and intangible landscape heritage of three sites where traces of seismic crisis in 1808, 1964 and 1980, are visible, preserved or otherwise present. These landscapes become visual indicators of the seismic forces operating below, creating both an awareness of future risk and past disasters, as experienced on the peripheries of Portuguese society and geography. Resilience can be seen as intangible heritage, as it offers a way of relating to specific local environmental factors and the community as a whole. In this paper, the intangible heritage of coping with disaster and risk in the Azores have been examined through qualitative fieldwork centring phenomenology and non-representation. The paper juxtaposes resilience and agency within intangible landscape heritage with the centralised analysis and mapping of risk in the reports published by the European Union (EU) Copernicus programme. In a world with increasing risk of climate change fuelled natural disasters, the São Jorge case can illuminate the dichotomy of hazard analysis and intangible materialities and heritage in critical zones. This paper argues that these post-disaster landscapes and built environments, the risks embedded in future seismic movements, and the way communities interact with these, constitute intangible cultural heritage.
Social Impacts of State Service Electronization
Authors: Vallova J. , Mrvan M.
Published: January 2025

The aim of this scientific article is to analyze the current state
of digitization of public administration in the social sector in
Slovakia in the context of the social impacts of the digital
transformation of our society. The article discusses the results
of our research activities, generalizes the acquired knowledge, and proposes specific measures and requirements for
improving electronic services of public administration in the
social sector.
PADDY FARMING : POVERTY, REVENUE AND COST ANALYSIS
Authors: Thomson Thomson
Published: January 2025

To measure the level of feasibility of paddy farming in Lumbanjaean Village, Pahae North Tapanuli, North Sumatera, Indonesia in 2023 on 20 paddy farming selected by using snowballing sampling method, this study uses R/C analysis while to measure the poverty level of paddy farming, this study uses criteria for poverty levels equivalent to paddy consumption. Quantitatively, 3,53 will be the coeficient of R/C ratio means that, in Lumbanjaean Village, if a farmer spend the cost as much as IDR 1, then the farmer will receive income as much as IDR 3.53 thus the profit of this will be as much as IDR 2,53. Based on the criteria for poverty levels equivalent to paddy consumption, 316,9 kilograms of rice per person per year is classified as very poor to poor. Eventhough the R/C analysis stated that paddy farming in Lumbanjaean is feasible to be run, the poverty is still exist in this village. Increasing the level of education and skill is very suggested to be conducted by paddy farming in Lumbanjaean village, increasing price rice level by the governement, the importance of agricultare investment is needed to reduce porvety level in paddy farming in Lumbanjaean.
Experimental Reasons for the Use of Silver Polyacrylate in the Prevention and Treatment of Bleeding After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Panina Lyubov’ Yu. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Zaytsev Oleg V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Cherdatseva Tat’yana M. ,   Ryazan State Medical University, Koshkina Anna V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Bizyayev Sergey V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Kopeykin Aleksandr A. ,   Ryazan State Medical University,   City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Currently, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is one of the main methods of treating choledocholithiasis and strictures of the terminal choledochus. Up to 35 thousand interventions are performed annually in Russia. The incidence of complications after ERCP can reach 16%, of which bleeding is up to 2%. For the prevention and treatment of bleeding from the large duodenal papilla (LDP) the topical use of metallopolyacrylates seems promising.
AIM: In the experiment to study the possibility of topical application of silver polyacrylate for the prevention and treatment of bleeding during ERCP.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental part of the work was performed on 15 laboratory animals (pigs). After dissection of the papilla phathery and topical application of silver polyacrylate, the duration of bleeding and the volume of blood loss were estimated, and a morphological study of the dissected papilla phathery was performed for 5 days.
RESULTS: In the experimental part of the work, the use of sulfur polyacrylate led to a decrease in blood loss in the experimental group by 39.2% compared with the control (p < 0.05). Morphological examination of excised papilla phathery in the experimental group showed a lower severity of the inflammatory process.
CONCLUSION: Topical application of silver polyacrylate during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with endoscopic papillosphincterotomy significantly reduces the frequency and severity of postoperative early and delayed bleeding and contributes to a decrease in the severity of the inflammatory process in the incision area.
Intravascular Imaging of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in a Patient with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors:   City Hospital No. 40, Vorob’yovskiy Dmitriy A. ,   Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, Kozlov Kirill L. ,   Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, Vlasenko Sergey V. ,   City Hospital No. 40,   Saint-Petersburg State University, Shcherbak Sergey G. ,   City Hospital No. 40,   Saint-Petersburg State University, Lazakovich Dmitriy N. ,   City Hospital No. 40,   Saint-Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), secondary to spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), is a rare disease. However, SCAD may be underestimated in selective coronary angiography (CAG). Application of intravascular imaging including intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is of critical significance for exact diagnosis and selection of a treatment method.
AIM: To demonstrate the results of complex staged treatment of a patient with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE ACS) when use of IVUS determined the treatment strategy.
The article presents a clinical case of a 60-year-old patient admitted to an intensive care unit with NSTE ACS and focal alterations in the lower leads of electrocardiogram (II, III and aVF). Considering the echocardiography data and troponin level, the patient underwent emergency CAG, which showed stenosis of the right coronary artery with signs of plaque instability, which required IVUS to verify lesion of coronary arteries. Taking into account the patient’s data completed with the picture obtained in ChromaFlo mode, stenting of the affected area with zotarolimus-coated stent was performed.
CONCLUSION: This clinical case demonstrated the importance of application of intravascular imaging methods. Differential diagnosis of the clinical variant of AMI permits to more accurately determine indications for stent implantation.
Assessment of Conditions for Rendering Rehabilitation Medical Care in a 24-Hour Hospital from Positions of Medical Workers
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Artem’yeva Galina B. , Sidorova Aleksandra A. ,   Clinical Hospital ‘RZhD-Medicine’ of Murom
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Modern trends in the development of Russian healthcare indicate the need to construct a patient-oriented healthcare model. The components of patient-oriented model can be comfortable environment, accessibility and efficiency of procedures, quality of medical care, and the culture of a medical organization in which medical workers understand the ‘pains’ of patients and share their values.
AIM: Analysis of the conditions for rendering rehabilitation medical care from the point of view of medical workers and assessment of the patient-centeredness of a medical organization.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An analysis of patient satisfaction with the organization and conditions of medical care in the 24-hour hospital of the medical rehabilitation department of the Private Healthcare Institution ‘Clinical Hospital RZhD-Medicine of Murom’ was carried out from the point of view of a medical worker. For this, an anonymous survey was carried out among 64 medical workers, including 7 doctors, 45 nurses, 12 junior medical personnel, using a questionnaire developed by the authors.
RESULTS: The survey showed that the majority of medical workers believe that when choosing a medical organization, patients are guided by the conditions of stay, the comfortable environment, the quality of treatment, trust in medical workers and the accessibility of the medical institution. Besides, it is important to inform the patient and his relatives about the aim and planned results of treatment, as well as to involve them in participation in the treatment process, in joint decision-making concerning their health.
CONCLUSIONS: Factors influencing the patient’s choice of a medical organization for medical rehabilitation have been identified. It has been established that medical worker accept the principles of patient-centeredness and believe that involving patients in the treatment process, creating partnerships, and accepting joint responsibility for decisions made together with medical staff will increase the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation.
Microfluidic Systems for Assessment of Platelet Aggregates on Exposure to Hydrogen Sulfide and Acetylcysteine
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, Trizno Matvey N. , Trizno Ekaterina V. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Mazhitova Marina V. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Abakarov Akhmed M. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Krivonosova Ekaterina I. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Since platelets play the central part in the process of hemostasis, understanding their role in thrombus initiation and development is a key to the study of both normal and pathological hemostasis. However, the natural environment of blood coagulation is inherently heterogeneous making it difficult to determine the underlying mechanisms regulating platelet behavior. Highly controlled studies using microfluidic systems are important in understanding the behavior of platelets on exposure to pathogenic exogenous factors and in the choice of selective means of protection against them. Thus, the study of pathological blood clotting in the context of exposure to hydrogen sulfide is relevant. Studying the mechanism of formation of platelet aggregates on exposure to the given pollutant and acetylcysteine will permit to use the latter as a specific means to correct platelet dysfunction.
AIM: Assessment of platelet aggregation ability in hydrogen sulfide environment with the possibility of correction with acetylcysteine using microfluidic system.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Microfluidic chips were manufactured using 3D stereo-lithography method on LCD printer from optically-transparent polymer resin. The study material was platelet-rich plasma of male laboratory rats. The interaction of blood platelets was modeled with donor hydrogen sulfide (Na2S) solution and L-acetylcysteine (ACC). The formation of aggregates in chip microchannels was assessed using an optical microscope and software means.
RESULTS: Hypofunction of platelets was noted (based on the data of filling the lumens of microfluidic channels and the size of platelet aggregates) on the interaction with hydrogen sulfide, and close to control values of reaction with acetylcysteine and more active formation of aggregates under the action of ‘hydrogen sulfide + acetylcysteine’. High reproducibility and quality of manufactured chips were achieved. The materials used permitted to design the optimal geometry of microchannels to model the interaction of platelets with environmental factors. On the resulting images, platelet aggregates of different shapes and sizes were visualized in the channels of microfluidic chips.
CONCLUSION: Acetylcysteine has a preconditioning effect on platelets in the presence of aggregation inhibitor hydrogen sulfide. The method of microfluidic chip manufacture adapted by us, showed good results in terms of the quantity and quality of copies, consumed time and cost.