bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bonding and Spectral Character of Cr Doped Cdte, Cdse and Cds Nano-Clusters
Authors: Xu Shuhong , Du Jinhua , Wang Chunlei , Wang Zhuyuan , Cui Yiping
Published: November 2015

The geometrical structures, bonding characteristics, Raman spectra, and molecular orbitals of hexagonal and tetrahedral Cr-doped CdX molecules have been investigated using density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level. The structures of Cr-doped CdX molecules had obvious distortions compared with pure CdX clusters, especially CdCr2Se3 and CdCr2S3 clusters. The Mulliken charges of Cr atoms were negative and were lower than those of Cd atoms in the corresponding structures. Raman spectra showed that there was the vibration of the Cr–Cr bond in Cr-doped CdX molecules. Wiberg bond indices (WBI) values show that there were Cr–Cr bonds in some clusters. WBI values have also revealed that bonds between Cr and Te, Se, S were stronger than those between Cd and X atoms. Finally, molecular orbital observations indicate that the transitions in doped structures were from d orbital to d orbital, which is different from undoped structures.
Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of 2-(Benzylthio)-5-[1-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-Phenyl-1H-Pyrazol-5-Yl]-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles Derivatives
Authors: Qi Deqiang , You Jinzong , Wang Xuejie , Zhang Yiping
Published: November 2015

A synthetic route for the preparation of 2-(benzylthio)-5-[1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazoles derivatives from ethyl 3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate has been developed. The configurations of the intermediate 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione and 3-bromobenzylthio substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The in vitro xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of these compounds was evaluated.
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohols by Three-Dimensional Reduced Graphene Oxide/Nano Zinc Oxide Catalyst under Visible Light
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Zhang Xianlong , Wang Lihua , Chen Youjian
Published: November 2015

A three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide/nano zinc oxide (3D-RGO/ZnO) composite photocatalyst has been prepared through an in situ reduction of GO and growth of nano ZnO particles process. The 3D-RGO/ZnO catalyst displayed enhanced photocatalytic activity towards commercial ZnO nanoparticles and can be applied to the oxidation of a broad series of benzyl alcohols including primary and secondary alcohols to corresponding carbonyl compounds under the irradiation of visible light. A plausible photocatalytic mechanism referring to photo electron generation and transfer has been proposed.
Sedimentological characterization of Antarctic moraines using UAVs and Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry
Authors: Westoby Matthew J. , Dunning Stuart A. , Woodward John , Hein Andrew S. , Marrero Shasta M. , Winter Kate , Sugden David E.
Published: November 2015

In glacial environments particle-size analysis of moraines provides insights into clast origin, transport history, depositional mechanism and processes of reworking. Traditional methods for grain-size classification are labour-intensive, physically intrusive and are limited to patch-scale (1 m2) observation. We develop emerging, high-resolution ground- and unmanned aerial vehicle-based ‘Structure-from-Motion’ (UAV-SfM) photogrammetry to recover grain-size information across a moraine surface in the Heritage Range, Antarctica. SfM data products were benchmarked against equivalent datasets acquired using terrestrial laser scanning, and were found to be accurate to within 1.7 and 50 mm for patch- and site-scale modelling, respectively. Grain-size distributions were obtained through digital grain classification, or ‘photo-sieving’, of patch-scale SfM orthoimagery. Photo-sieved distributions were accurate to <2 mm compared to control distributions derived from dry-sieving. A relationship between patch-scale median grain size and the standard deviation of local surface elevations was applied to a site-scale UAV-SfM model to facilitate upscaling and the production of a spatially continuous map of the median grain size across a 0.3 km2area of moraine. This highly automated workflow for site-scale sedimentological characterization eliminates much of the subjectivity associated with traditional methods and forms a sound basis for subsequent glaciological process interpretation and analysis.
On the Implementation of Variable Speed in Pump-Turbine Units Providing Primary and Secondary Load-Frequency Control in Generating Mode
Authors: Sarasúa José , Pérez-Díaz Juan , Torres Vara Blanca
Published: December 2015

This paper analyses different control strategies for the speed control loop of a variable-speed pump-turbine unit equipped with a doubly fed induction generator, operating in generating mode in an isolated power system with high penetration of intermittent renewable energy. The control strategies are evaluated and compared to each other in terms of the amount of water discharged through the pump-turbine and of the wicket gates fatigue while providing primary and secondary load-frequency control. The influence of the penstock length and the initial operating point on the performance of each control strategy is studied in detail. For these purposes, several simulations have been performed with a suitable dynamic model of the pumped-storage hydropower plant and the power system. The results of the paper indicate that a proper control strategy would consist in updating the reference speed according to the power generation schedule and keeping it constant within each scheduling period (typically 1 h).
How Aphia—The Platform behind Several Online and Taxonomically Oriented Databases—Can Serve Both the Taxonomic Community and the Field of Biodiversity Informatics
Authors: Vandepitte Leen , Vanhoorne Bart , Decock Wim , Dekeyzer Stefanie , Trias Verbeeck Aina , Bovit Lorenzo , Hernandez Francisco , Mees Jan
Published: December 2015

The Aphia platform is an infrastructure designed to capture taxonomic and related data and information, and includes an online editing environment. The latter allows easy access to experts so they can update the content of the database in a timely fashion. Aphia is the core platform that underpins the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) and its more than 80 related global, regional and thematic species databases, but it also allows the storage of non-marine data. The content of Aphia can be consulted online, either by individual users or via machine-to-machine interactions. Aphia uses unique and stable identifiers for each available name in the database through the use of Life Science Identifiers (LSIDs). The system not only allows the storage of accepted and unaccepted names, but it also documents the relationships between names. This makes it a very powerful tool for taxonomic quality control, and also allows the linking of different pieces of information through scientific names, both within the Aphia platform and in relation to externally hosted databases. Through these LSIDs, Aphia has become an important player in the field of (marine) biodiversity informatics, allowing interactions between its own taxonomic data and e.g., biogeographic databases. Some applications in the field of biodiversity informatics encompass the coupling of species traits and taxonomy, as well as the creation of diverse, expert validated data products that can be used by policy makers, for example. Aphia also supplies (part of) its content to other data integrators and the infrastructure can be used to host orphan databases in danger of being lost.
Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of the Process-Related Impurities of Olmesartan Medoxomil. Do 5-(Biphenyl-2-yl)-1-triphenylmethyltetrazole Intermediates in Sartan Syntheses Exist?
Authors: Dams Iwona , Ostaszewska Anna , Puchalska Maria , Chmiel Justyna , Cmoch Piotr , Bujak Iwona , Białońska Agata , Szczepek Wojciech
Published: December 2015

During the process development for multigram-scale synthesis of olmesartan medoxomil (OM), two principal regioisomeric process-related impurities were observed along with the final active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). The impurities were identified as N-1- and N-2-(5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl)methyl derivatives of OM. Both compounds, of which N-2 isomer of olmesartan dimedoxomil is a novel impurity of OM, were synthesized and fully characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry/electrospray ionization (HRMS/ESI). Their 1H, 13C and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance signals were fully assigned. The molecular structures of N-triphenylmethylolmesartan ethyl (N-tritylolmesartan ethyl) and N-tritylolmesartan medoxomil, the key intermediates in OM synthesis, were solved and refined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). The SCXRD study revealed that N-tritylated intermediates of OM exist exclusively as one of the two possible regioisomers. In molecular structures of these regioisomers, the trityl substituent is attached to the N-2 nitrogen atom of the tetrazole ring, and not to the N-1 nitrogen, as has been widely reported up to the present. This finding indicates that the reported structural formula of N-tritylolmesartan ethyl and N-tritylolmesartan medoxomil, as well as their systematic chemical names, must be revised. The careful analysis of literature spectroscopic data for other sartan intermediates and their analogs with 5-(biphenyl-2-yl)tetrazole moiety showed that they also exist exclusively as N-2-trityl regioisomers.
Mitochondrion-Targeted Peptide SS-31 Inhibited Oxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins-Induced Foam Cell Formation through both ROS Scavenging and Inhibition of Cholesterol Influx in RAW264.7 Cells
Authors: Hao Shuangying , Ji Jiajie , Zhao Hongting , Shang Longcheng , Wu Jing , Li Huihui , Qiao Tong , Li Kuanyu
Published: December 2015

Foam cell formation as a result of imbalance of modified cholesterol influx and efflux by macrophages is a key to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. SS-31 is a member of the Szeto-Schiller (SS) peptides shown to specifically target the inner mitochondrial membrane to scavenge reactive oxygen species. In this study, we investigated whether SS-31 may provide protective effect on macrophage from foam cell formation in RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that SS-31 inhibited oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL)-induced foam cell formation and cholesterol accumulation, demonstrated by intracellular oil red O staining and measurement of cholesterol content. The mechanism was revealed that SS-31 did not only significantly attenuated ox-LDL-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased the activities of superoxide dismutases, but also dose-dependently inhibited the expression of CD36 and LOX-1, two scavenger receptors of ox-LDL, while the expression of ATP-binding cassette A1 and G1, playing a pivotal role in cholesterol efflux, was not affected. As a result, SS-31 decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, suggesting the prevention of inflammatory responses. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that SS-31 provides a beneficial effect on macrophages from foam cell formation, likely, through both ROS scavenging and inhibition of cholesterol influx. Therefore, SS-31 may potentially be of therapeutic relevance in prevention of human atherogenesis.
Etudes des bases tournées gallo-romaines du musée de Bavay
Authors: Vanbrugghe Nathalie
Published: December 2015

Deze studie behandelt een reeks van 18 voetstukken van Gallo-Romeinse zuilen met effen schacht, gevonden te Bavay.

Voor de publicatie van dit ongewoon materiaal werd een klassificatie gebruikt die steunt op de numerieke criteria. Zodoende werden tegelijk de eenheidsmaat (modulus) en de types van profileren duidelijk in het licht gesteld : de onderlinge verschillen berusten minder op de structuur van het lijstwerk dan wel op de verhoudingen tussen de stukken.

Deze studie laat bovendien toe sommige technische aspecten in overweging te nemen die verband houden met het probleem van het glad maken van de zuilen.
Une scène de procession sacrificielle sur une plaque de bronze découverte à Templemars. (Nord)
Authors: Boucher Stéphanie , Tiegbem Gilbert
Published: December 2015

Une petite plaque de bronze découverte à Templemars (Nord) présente un relief figurant un défilé sacrificiel. De gauche à droite, on reconnaît : deux jeunes gens conduisant un taureau, la déesse Roma, et deux prêtres sur la partie tordue de la plaque. La partie gauche est imitée directement de la plaque XXXIX des Panathénées au Parthénon. La déesse et les deux prêtres sont traités dans un style très proche de celui de l'Ara Pacis. Cet objet hors série peut être daté du début de l'Empire et marque l'une des étapes de la conquête romaine en Gaule Belgique.
L'hôpital Saint-Julien de Cambrai au XIVe siècle Etude économique.
Authors: Derville Alain
Published: December 2015

Une fois précisées les techniques comptables, évaluées les monnaies et assurée la permanence des mesures, 51 comptes (1318-1400) ont permis de décrire la conjoncture du XIVe siècle : 5 cycles (1316-1340), les années 40, puis 50, puis 60, 1370-1410) commandés par les grandes mortalités. L'effondrement démographique a entraîné la baisse des prix des grains et celle des fermages, liée à l'extrême mobilité des fermiers, de même que la hausse des salaires fut rendue possible par celle des domestiques. D'où de graves difficultés pour l'hôpital. La baisse des rendements et le recul des emblavures ont fait passer le Cambrésis du modèle flamand (vers 1300) au modèle parisien (vers 1400), le nord et l'ouest du pays restant toujours plus brillants que l'est et le sud.
Les registres paroissiaux et les incidences de la réaction à la Saint-Barthélémy à Amiens
Authors: Rosenberg David
Published: December 2015

A Amiens en Picardie, la violence confessionnelle des premières guerres civiles (1562-1572) laissèrent des traces dans les registres paroissiaux catholiques. Aux intervalles où le culte réformé fut proscrit, certains protestants choisirent un baptême catholique pour leurs enfants plutôt que de les laisser sans sacrement. Mais, c'est surtout aux moments où éclata la violence populaire contre les «huguenots» que nombre de protestants furent amenés à faire «réconcilier» ou «représenter» leurs enfants aux églises catholiques, pour les protéger (et eux- mêmes aussi) contre les attaques. En juin 1562 et en mai 1568, des réconciliations en masse accompagnèrent des «émeutes» anti-protestantes bien attestées. Or, aussi en 1572, l'année de la Saint Barthélémy, en octobre, il y eut à Amiens des réconciliations nombreuses d'enfants protestants. L'auteur demande s'il est donc tout à fait établi, qu'Amiens, comme on dit souvent, manqua totalement de réagir à la Saint-Barthélémy ?
Effects of habitat degradation, microsite, and seed density on the persistence of two native herbs in a subtropical shrubland
Authors: Stephens Elizabeth L. , Quintana‐Ascencio Pedro F.
Published: December 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Species in degraded ecosystems may interact differently with their surroundings from those under historic conditions. Understanding factors affecting variation in early life history stages of plants is fundamental to assessing their persistence in intact and degraded habitats, and the value of degraded lands. We evaluated the effect of seed density on the seed dynamics of two herbaceous species (annual, biennial), and considered how seed availability may influence population dynamics in different habitats (degraded, intact Florida scrub) and microsites (bare sand, leaf litter, shrub).

METHODS:

We used data on responses to experimental treatments (seed removal, seedling emergence, establishment) and models to evaluate how effects of these factors may change over time since the last disturbance.

KEY RESULTS:

Probability of any seed removal, emergence, and establishment per unit increased with seed density, although proportion removal for Chamaecrista fasciculata, proportion emergence for Balduina angustifolia, and proportion establishment for both species decreased with density. When animals were given selective access to seeds, invertebrates were primarily responsible for seed removal of both study species. Models with dynamics changing with time‐since‐disturbance for both species predicted that population growth may decrease slightly if local available seed density increases.

CONCLUSIONS:

Detailed demographic comparisons of populations in intact and degraded conditions can be used to understand the way that environmental conditions (habitat, microsite) combine with seed density effects to influence population dynamics of herb species. Degraded habitat may act as a transitional state in a trajectory toward intact conditions for some species, or as refugia for other native species.
Modes de financement et comptabilisation des immatériels : une approche historique de la gestion du résultat
Authors: Fabre Karine , Nogatchewsky Gwenaëlle , Oxibar Bruno
Published: December 2015

Cet article étudie les pratiques de gestion du résultat à partir de l’ouverture des marchés de capitaux à la fin du XIX e siècle. À cette époque, les modes de financement des entreprises connaissent des évolutions majeures dans un contexte de réglementation comptable quasi inexistante. Une étude de cas historique de la société L’Air Liquide, réalisée de sa création en 1902 à 1939, met en évidence le fait que les dirigeants utilisent la comptabilisation des dépenses immatérielles comme un instrument de gestion du résultat selon l’évolution de la structure de financement.
La quête des parlers ordinaires
Authors: Auzanneau Michelle
Published: December 2015

Cet article s’intéresse aux approches développées en sociolinguistique pour accéder aux parlers ordinaires - » casual speech », parler « identitaire », « normal » ou « authentique »- ainsi qu’aux conceptions sous-jacentes de l’ordinaire langagier et de ses conditions de production. Confrontant l’activité catégorielle du chercheur et celle des locuteurs in situ et illustrant ces propos à l’aide d’extraits d’interactions recueillies dans le cadre de deux recherches menées en Ile de France, il s’agit de réfléchir aux apports d’analyses attentives aux processus de production de l’ordinaire langagier. L’attention portée à la fois à la variabilité langagière en interaction, à la mobilité du locuteur et aux mutations des sociétés paraît particulièrement intéressante pour rendre compte de la pluralité des constructions de l’ordinaire langagier. Ces questions d’ordre méthodologico théorique concernent la capacité heuristique de la notion de « parler ordinaire » et, partant, celle d’une série de notions relatives à l’étude de la variabilité langagière.
Unicité et pluralité des tableaux de bord organisationnels
Authors: Travaillé Denis , Dupuy Yves
Published: November 2015

L’objet de cet article est de mettre en question, le principe d’unicité dans la conception et l’utilisation des tableaux de bord organisationnels. Sont ainsi discutés les apports ou réponses potentiels des tableaux de bord aux impératifs de cohésion des stratégies et processus organisationnels dans lesquels ils vont s’insérer.
La mise en œuvre d’une stratégie durable - le cas biolait, une PME engagée dans le développement durable de la filière laitière biologique –
Authors: Bocquet Anne-Marie
Published: November 2015

Les stratégies durables (le stade le plus avancé d’intégration du développement durable dans l’entreprise) impliquent une prise en compte proactive, globale et de long terme des impacts environnementaux et sociaux. Cette approche, envisagée le plus souvent dans le contexte de multinationales globalisées, concerne de plus en plus des PME, qui intègrent le développement durable à un échelon national, régional ou local. Biolait, un groupement de producteurs de lait biologique de l’Ouest de la France, est un cas représentatif d’une PME avec une stratégie durable, orientée sur le développement de la filière laitière biologique française. L’analyse de ce cas montre que les enjeux de responsabilité sont prépondérants (en complément des enjeux de compétitivité), pour expliquer l’ampleur des ambitions économiques, environnementales et sociales de l’entreprise.
La dépression comme chaos identitaire au service de la création de soi
Authors: Hamidi Zaineb
Published: December 2015

Ordre et désordre semblent antagonistes mais sont dialectiquement noués, l’un renvoyant à l’autre qu’il fait ainsi exister. Cette organisation dynamique, moteur de la construction identitaire, se défend du chaos qui l’a vu naître. Ce chaos, béance sur le vide ou nébuleuse de confusion, aura des échos dans certains phénomènes psychiques comme la dépression. Cette dernière, crise existentielle, d’essence chaotique, immobilisera toute dynamique psychique ou au contraire en permettra la relance.
L’ordre au bénéfice de la construction de la performance sportive : dynamique et résistance dans la relation entraîneur-entraîné
Authors: Essadek Aziz
Published: December 2015

Le choix d’une carrière de sportif de haut niveau se fait généralement à l’adolescence. Période de la vie où le sujet va connaître de nombreuses transformations tant sur le plan physique que psychique. Mais ce choix de carrière l’entraîne nécessairement à rencontrer un entraîneur qui l’accompagnera vers la performance. Des tumultes relationnels à l’euphorie de la victoire, ce texte est une analyse sur la construction de la relation entraîneur-entraîné. À partir du désir de victoire de l’athlète, nous montrerons comment le maintien de l’ordre au sein de cette relation semble être nécessaire à l’athlète pour arriver à ses objectifs. Afin de ne pas faire face à des angoisses soulignant la dimension de l’informe qu’est le sport de compétition sans la présence d’un entraîneur, nous montrerons comment cette relation peut déboucher sur une dimension perverse entraînant l’athlète à enfreindre les principes moraux du sport et à avoir recours à des méthodes dopantes.
Effets de sens dérivés de la qualification adjectivale
Authors: Desurmont Christopher
Published: November 2015

Cet article passe en revue divers effets de sens de la qualification adjectivale au-delà ou en deça de la dénotation : propriété positionnelle ; représentation en termes d’ensembles et de sous-ensembles ; interprétation de l’adjectif appréciatif (ici, l’adjectif nice) sous l’effet conjugué d’une propriété positionnelle, d’une représentation prototypique du type d’objet dénoté par le couple , et du co-texte (les autres adjectifs du SN) ; s’agissant des adjectifs participe (slanting rain, enclosed garden), implications en termes de structures argumentales et de rôles sémantiques, et glissements métonymiques dans le parcours interprétatif.
La « Philosophie spontanée d'un savant »
Authors: Toupin Fabienne
Published: November 2015

Henri Adamczewski, linguiste énonciativiste, est connu dans le champ des études anglaises pour avoir en particulier élaboré la « théorie métaopérationnelle ». Il n'a jamais exposé sa philosophie du langage, et l'hypothèse de cet article est que celle-ci, restée largement inconsciente, mêle éléments matérialistes et idéalistes.Il s'agit ici de dégager la philosophie implicite du langage d'Adamczewski, afin de permettre une meilleure compréhension de la pensée du chercheur et une évaluation plus fine de son apport à la linguistique anglaise et de sa place dans l'histoire de la discipline. On cherchera à démontrer que, chez Adamczewski, la manière dont ce système philosophique influe sur la théorisation est particulièrement intéressante. Cet article compare aussi les principes philosophiques dégagés avec ceux de la philosophie du langage dominante de son époque, et il en livre ainsi une étude critique.
Standards and outcome measures in Cardiovascular Rehabilitation. Position Paper GICR/IACPR
Authors: Griffo Raffaele , Ambrosetti Marco , Furgi Giuseppe , Carlon Roberto , Chieffo Carmine , Favretto Giuseppe , Febo Oreste , Corrà Ugo , Fattirolli Francesco , Giannuzzi Pantaleo , Greco Cesare , Piepoli Massimo F. , Temporelli Pier Luigi , Tramarin Roberto , Urbinati Stefano
Published: December 2015

Despite major improvements in diagnostics and interventional therapies, cardiovascular diseases remain a major health care and socio-economic problem in Italy. Costs and resources required are increasing in close correlation to both the improved quality of care and to the population ageing. There is an overwhelming evidence of the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in terms of reduction in morbidity and mortality after acute cardiac events. CR services are by definition multi-factorial and comprehensive. Furthermore, systematic analysis and monitoring of the process of delivery and outcomes is of paramount importance. The aim of this position paper promoted by the Italian Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (GICR-IACPR) is to provide specific recommendations to assist CR staff in the design, evaluation and development of their care delivery organization. The position paper should also assist health care providers, insurers, policy makers and consumers in the recognition of the quality of care requirements, standards and outcome measure, quality and performance indicators, and professional competence involved in such organization and programs. The position paper i) include comprehensive CR definition and indications, ii) describes priority criteria based on the clinical risk for admission to both inpatient or outpatient CR, and iii) defines components and technological, structural and organizing requirements for inpatient or outpatient CR services, with specific indicators and standards, performance measures and required professional skills. A specific chapter is dedicated to the requirements for highly specialized CR services for patients with more advanced cardiovascular diseases.
Multiprofessional and Intrahospital Experience for Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Correale Michele , Montrone Deodata , Lacedonia Donato , Ieva Riccardo , Bucci Romano , Corrado Addolorata , Cantatore Francesco Paolo , Greco Carmen Adriana , Concilio Morena , Serviddio Gaetano , Foschino Barbaro Maria Pia , Di Biase Matteo , Brunetti Natale Daniele
Published: December 2015

Background. Referral centres for pulmonary hypertension will provide care by a multiprofessional team, which should as a minimum comprise: consultant physicians with a special interest in PH, clinical nurse specialist, radiologist, cardiologist with expertise in echocardiography. Aims. this study sought to determine whether the experience of the establishment of a clinic for pulmonary arterial hypertension, initially created only for the treatment and diagnosis of heart failure, may be considered positive. Methods. From 1 July 2008 to January 1, 2012 we evaluated 80 patients in our ambulatory dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of PAH. All patients were performed to clinical evaluation, ECG, and echocardiography with estimation of the sPAP. Then we evaluated the functional capacity through cardiopulmonary exercise testing or six minute walking test (6MWT). RHC was required to confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Results. 80 patients (mean age: 50.9 ± 18.68 years, 31 males) were evaluated in our center; the largest groups subjected to screening were thalassemia (21 subjects), rheumatologic patients (18 patients), respirators, suspected of “outof Proportion” (12 patients) and 4 patients with OSAS. 8 adult congenital heart patients. A diagnosis of PAH after right heart catheterization was possible in 25 cases. In particular, among patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, 8 had a rheumatic etiology (systemic sclerosis), 2 postthromboembolic disease, 5 patients had congenital heart disease, 1 patient with HIV infection, 1 patient with thalassemia major, 1 chronic lymphocytic leukemia and 1 with myelodysplasia. Conclusions. The initial experience of our center and network within our hospital may be considered positive, because it permitted to patients easy access to hospital services, to undertake a comprehensive prognostic stratification and to recognize the early signs of worsening in subsequent tests.
Anterior mitral valve aneurysm perforation in a patient with preexisting aortic regurgitation
Authors: Citro Rodolfo , Silverio Angelo , Ascoli Roberto , Longobardi Antonio , Bossone Eduardo , Di Benedetto Giuseppe , Piscione Federico
Published: December 2015

We report the case of a 71-year-old man hospitalized for acute heart failure. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography showed mitral valve aneurysm (MVA) rupture and severe mitral regurgitation. No vegetations but significant aortic regurgitation were also observed. MVA perforation is a rare life-threatening condition that typically occurs as a complication of endocarditis but may also be associated with other diseases, in particular connective tissue disorders. In the present case, the absence of such etiology suggests a possible role for of aortic regurgitation in MVA rupture secondary to a “jet lesion” mechanism.
Preventive and Rehabilitative Cardiology in Sicily
Authors: Gabriele Michele
Published: December 2015

Nel concludere l’esperienza avuta come Delegato Regionale nel biennio 2010-2012, sentivo il bisogno di fare un bilancio di quanto progettato e realizzato, e di portarlo a conoscenza di quanti, in primis in Sicilia, si occupano di Cardiologia Preventiva e Riabilitativa.
The complexity of risk stratification in older patient candidate to non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Baldasseroni Samuele , Orso Francesco , Pratesi Alessandra , Foschini Alice , Giosafat Marella Andrea , Bartoli Nadia , Bracali Ilaria , Antenore Alessando , Tarantini Francesca , Burgisser Costanza , Marchionni Niccolò
Published: December 2015

During the last decades the older patients who are candidates for surgery have grown esponentially due to the increase in life expectancy and the surgery technique improvement. Despite this, the mortality remains high and our ability to predict the surgery outcomes continues to be low in the elderly. The main reason is related to different difficulties; we are unable to differentiate properly the chronological from the biological age, and the current surgery and cardiology risk scores are poorly geriatric-oriented. We must underline how the measure of comorbidity during the preoperative evaluation is often limited to a simple count of comorbid conditions, without a more detailed assessment of their severity. On the other hand different comorbidity scores have been validated in geriatric populations showing a good correlation with prognosis, such as the Index of Coexisting Disease-ICED or the Geriatric Index of Comorbidity-GIC. Our predictive deficiency about the outcomes is linked to poor attention for identifying the frail patients that are already at high risk of disability. Recently, the evaluation of frailty is a key target for geriatric medicine, and geriatricians have developed various methods for measuring this parameter and suggesting the physical performance indexes as a reliable surrogate of frailty. Surrogate frailty measures, such as the “gait speed” or the “Short Physical Performance Battery-SPPB” seem to be the valid tools for evaluating older surgery patients due to their simplicity and short administration time. We think that the future challenge will be their widespread use in this specific clinical setting.
El humor en la publicidad gráfica de la Dirección General de Tráfico en España (1960-2009)
Authors: Nicolás Ojeda Miguel Ángel , Martínez Pastor Esther , Gaona Pisonero Carmen
Published: November 2015

El objeto de esta investigación es analizar el humor como modalidad semántica en las campañas publicitarias de la Dirección General de Tráfico de España (DGT) e identificar las emociones expresadas en los anuncios que utilizan este recurso. Metodología: Una aproximación metodológica interdisciplinar recoge las investigaciones antecedentes para comprender el estudio del humor como recurso para la elaboración del contenido y la forma de los mensajes publicitarios. Una revisión histórica de la publicidad gráfica de esta institución permite conocer cuándo y cómo el humor ha contribuido a codificar los mensajes publicitarios de la DGT. El universo estudiado está formado por toda la publicidad gráfica de la institución desde el año 1959 al 2009, un total de 246 anuncios. Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados validan  y clasifican la presencia del humor como recurso semántico por décadas estudiadas. A su vez, identifican los objetivos de comunicación de los anuncios analizados y los relaciona con el recurso humorístico utilizado, con los tipos de emociones proyectadas y con el mensaje de cada anuncio
Модули без кручения с $\mathrm{UA}$-кольцами эндоморфизмов
Authors: Ljubimtsev Oleg Vladimirovich , Chistyakov Denis Sergeevich
Published: December 2015

Ассоциативное кольцо $R$ называется кольцом с однозначным сложением
($\mathrm{UA}$-кольцом), если на его мультипликативной
полугруппе $(R, \cdot )$ можно задать единственную бинарную
операцию $+$, превращающую тройку $(R, \cdot ,+)$ в кольцо.
$R$-модуль $A$ будем называть $\mathrm{End}$-$\mathrm{UA}$-модулем,
если его кольцо эндоморфизмов $\mathrm{End}_R(A)$ является
$\mathrm{UA}$-кольцом. В статье изучаются $\mathrm{End}$-$\mathrm{UA}$-модули
без кручения над коммутативными дедекиндовыми областями.
Найдены абелевы группы, имеющие $\mathrm{UA}$-кольца
эндоморфизмов, в некоторых классах абелевых групп без
кручения конечного ранга.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Об оптимальных пространствах Банаха, содержащих весовой конус монотонных или квазивогнутых функций
Authors: Stepanov Vladimir Dmitrievich
Published: December 2015

В работе дано описание оптимальных (минимальных) пространств Банаха,
содержащих заданные конусы монотонных или квазивогнутых функций
на полуоси из весовых пространств Лебега. Ответ дан
в виде точных формул для нормы оптимального пространства.
Рассмотрены все случаи параметра суммирования.
Библиография: 30 названий.
Семимерное семейство простых гармонических функций
Authors: Beloshapka Valerii Konstantinovich
Published: December 2015

С точки зрения теории аналитической сложности все гармонические
функции двух переменных распадаются на три класса: функции сложности
нуль, один и два. Сложность нуль имеют лишь линейные функции одного
переменного. В заметке дается полное описание простых гармонических функций,
т.е. функций аналитической сложности один. Эти функции образуют 7-мерное
семейство, представимое интегралами от эллиптических функций. Все прочие
гармонические функции имеют сложность два и являются в этом смысле сложными.
Также рассмотрены решения волнового уравнения, уравнения теплопроводности и уравнения Хопфа.
Библиография: 1 название.
An Unusual Presentation of Neurocysticercosis: A Space-Occupying Lesion in the Fourth Ventricle Associated with Progressive Cognitive Decline
Authors: Kurz Carolin , Schmidt Veronika , Poppert Holger , Wilkins Patricia , Noh John , Poppert Sven , Schlegel Jürgen , Delbridge Claire , da Costa Clarissa Prazeres , Winkler Andrea S.
Published: December 2015

We communicate a case of a middle-aged Brazilian patient with an unusual presentation of fourth ventricular neurocysticercosis: occurrence of two intraventricular cysts at different locations in the brain within 2 years and cognitive decline as the only neurological symptom. Neurocysticercosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, serology, histology, and genetic analysis. Neurocysticercosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases with atypical neurologic or psychiatric symptoms, atypical neuroimaging and travel history. Especially, fourth ventricular cysts carry the risk of obstructive hydrocephalus and brainstem compression and therefore should be extirpated completely. If complete removal of the cystic structures cannot be proven in cases with surgically treated neurocysticercosis, anthelminthic therapy and thorough follow-up examinations should be conducted.
Increasing Incidence of Ehrlichiosis in the United States: A Summary of National Surveillance of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii Infections in the United States, 2008–2012
Authors: Nichols Heitman Kristen , Dahlgren F. Scott , Drexler Naomi A. , Massung Robert F. , Behravesh Casey Barton
Published: December 2015

Human ehrlichiosis is a potentially fatal disease caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii. Cases of ehrlichiosis are reported to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through two national surveillance systems: Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) and Case Report Forms. During 2008–2012, 4,613 cases of E. chaffeensis infections were reported through NNDSS. The incidence rate (IR) was 3.2 cases per million person-years (PYs). The hospitalization rate (HR) was 57% and the case fatality rate (CFR) was 1%. Children aged < 5 years had the highest CFR of 4%. During 2008–2012, 55 cases of E. ewingii infection were reported through NNDSS. The national IR was 0.04 cases per million PY. The HR was 77%; no deaths were reported. Immunosuppressive conditions were reported by 26% of cases. The overall rate for ehrlichiosis has increased 4-fold since 2000. Although previous literature suggests E. ewingii primarily affects those who are immunocompromised, this report shows most cases occurred among immunocompetent patients. This is the first report to show children aged < 5 years with ehrlichiosis have an increased CFR, relative to older patients. Ongoing surveillance and reporting of tick-borne diseases are critical to inform public health practice and guide disease treatment and prevention efforts.
Undetermined Human Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis in the United States, 2008–2012: A Catch-All for Passive Surveillance
Authors: Dahlgren F. Scott , Heitman Kristen Nichols , Behravesh Casey Barton
Published: December 2015

Human ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis are potentially severe illnesses endemic in the United States. Several bacterial agents are known causes of these diseases: Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia ewingii, Ehrlichia muris-like agent, Panola Mountain Ehrlichia species, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Because more than one agent may be present in one area, cases of human ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis may be reported as “human ehrlichiosis/anaplasmosis undetermined” when the available evidence does not suggest an etiology to the species level. Here, we present a brief summary of these undetermined cases with onset of symptoms from 2008 to 2012 reported to two passive surveillance systems in the United States. The reported incidence rate during this time was 0.52 cases per million person-years. Many cases (24%) had positive polymerase chain reaction results. Enhanced surveillance in an area where several of these etiologic agents are endemic may provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in the United States.
Comparisons of electron acceleration efficiency among different structures during magnetic reconnection: a Cluster multicase study
Authors: Zhou M. , Li T. , Deng X. , Huang S. , Li H.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Magnetic reconnection has long been believed to be an efficient engine for energetic electrons production. Four different structures have been proposed for electrons being energized: flux pileup region, density cavity located around the separatrix, magnetic island and thin current sheet. In this paper, we compare the electron acceleration efficiency among these structures based on 12 magnetotail reconnection events observed by the Cluster spacecraft in 2001–2006. We used the flux ratio between the energetic electrons (> 50 keV) and lower energy electrons (< 26 keV) to quantify the electron acceleration efficiency. We do not find any specific sequence in which electrons are accelerated within these structures, though the flux pileup region, magnetic island and thin current sheet have higher probabilities to reach the maximum efficiency among the four structures than the density cavity. However, the most efficient electron energization usually occurs outside these structures. We suggest that other structures may also play important roles in energizing electrons. Our results could provide important constraints for the further modeling of electron acceleration during magnetic reconnection.
Gravity wave transmission diagram
Authors: Tomikawa Y.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. A new method of obtaining power spectral distribution of gravity waves as a function of ground-based horizontal phase speed and propagation direction from airglow observations has recently been proposed. To explain gravity wave power spectrum anisotropy, a new gravity wave transmission diagram was developed in this study. Gravity wave transmissivity depends on the existence of critical and turning levels for waves that are determined by background horizontal wind distributions. Gravity wave transmission diagrams for different horizontal wavelengths in simple background horizontal winds with constant vertical shear indicate that the effects of the turning level reflection are significant and strongly dependent on the horizontal wavelength.
Legitimacy of non-negotiable imposition in diverse approaches to education
Authors: Matusov Eugene
Published: December 2015

Modern conventional education is full of impositions on its students. Schools often impose on students where they must be, what they must do and learn, how they must behave and communicate in the places and the ways that the teacher and school define. However, the legitimacy of this imposition – how much of this imposition is necessary, useful, justified, and desirable for education itself – has not been specifically discussed and analyzed yet. The legitimacy of this imposition is especially important to do for innovative education, evaluating and reconsidering its goals and practices of education. Analysis of imposition in education can help to address important questions of why oppression, alienation, if not pedagogical violence, are so prevalent in organized education and whether this is can be avoided or not. The goal of this paper is to consider different approaches to non-negotiable imposition in education, its legitimacy, and justifications and analyze their pros and cons. I consider Totalizing conventional, Capitalist, Progressive, Democratic, Anarchist, and Communitarian educational approaches to non-negotiable imposition and its legitimacy from an educational perspective.
Paisajes para el Medioambiente. Estudio de caso.
Authors: Sotelo Navalpotro José Antonio
Published: December 2015

Una de las cuencas hidrográficas más importante de la Península es la del río Tajo, por su extensión y por su caudal. Se trata de una fosa tectónica calificable de modélica. Dos moles montañosas, el Sistema central y los Montes de Toledo en sentido amplio, la flanquean al Norte y al Sur. La dovela hundida, formada por idénticos materiales que las Sierras, granitos y gneis, alcanza una gran profundidad. Al Este el Sistema Ibérico castellano, principalmente calizo y mesozoico, cierra Castilla y la cuenca, viniendo a dar vida con el agua de sus nieves a un Tajo niño’. El inicio de su Historia Geológica podemos situarlo en el Paleozoico, tiempo geológico durante el cual los territorios donde hoy se sitúa la Meseta estaban formando grandes cordilleras producto de la Orogenia Herciniana. La última etapa de la formación de los relieves actuales de la cuenca la encontramos en la reactivación de los antiguos macizos arrasados. Se inicia con los materiales de la raña y sus equivalentes en el centro de la Cuenca o Fosa del Tajo, y se caracteriza por una progresiva individualización de los procesos, pasándose de las grandes superficies generalizadas en macizos y cuencas, Sierras y Fosa del Tajo, a las pequeñas llanuras en franja u orla, que quedan localizadas en cada cuenca fluvial a medida que éstas se van consolidando por jerarquización, y partir de un río generatriz o emisario principal, el Tajo. La tectónica, procesos posteriores de captura, reajustes climáticos..., no permiten aún determinar cuál fue el orden de jerarquía en los ríos que hoy conocemos; no obstante, puede aventurarse que Jarama-Henares, Perales-Alberche y Guadarrama serían los primeros y Manzanares, Guadalix, Tajuña, los siguientes, y así sucesivamente. La síntesis de la realidad geológica, litológica y climática va a coadyuvar, frenando o favoreciendo, el desarrollo y la diferenciación entre los paisajes vegetales de las zonas montañosas y los de las depresiones terciarias y penillanuras paleozoicas, en un territorio marcado por el predominio del clima mediterráneo continentalizado, con matices de montaña y áreas de influencia atlántica.
Modelos de desarrollo, unificación y “desterritorialización”.
Authors: Sotelo Pérez Ignacio
Published: December 2015

El presente estudio tiene el objetivo de ofrecer una visión general sobre los Modelos de Desarrollo y Organización Territorial desde la perspectiva de las relaciones entre el medio urbano, “rururbano” y rural, en España. Para ello, tras conocer y valorar los enfoque conceptuales y temáticos, se estudia el crecimiento urbano en nuestro país en las últimas décadas, analizando de manera pormenorizada la importancia que ha cobrado y cobra la aplicación legislativa de leyes, planes y normas, tanto en el propio crecimiento urbano como en la demanda de viviendas en las ciudades españolas y, de igual modo, la vinculación de ambas con el precio de las viviendas, relacionándolo con la problemática de la “rururbanización”, y del medio rural.
La aplicación estratégica por escenarios en el medio natural. El caso del Nature Outlook 2050 del PBL.
Authors: Urbano López de Meneses Juan
Published: December 2015

La prospectiva es parte de la planificación estratégica. Es una herramienta habitual en la gestión y dirección de empresas. Algunos países europeos la incluyen dentro de sus trabajos de diseño de las políticas ambientales. La generación de escenarios es una técnica cualitativa de prospectiva apta para los entornos con alta variabilidad y complejidad. El artículo explica el modo de aplicar esta técnica poniendo en paralelo los pasos dados en el proyecto Nature Outlook 2050 que ha desarrollado la agencia de evaluación y prospectiva ambiental de los Países Bajos (PBL).
Sistema integrado para empresas de construcción en Cusco
Authors: Cuba Villena Alicia
Published: December 2015

Actualmente las empresas requieren estrategias innovadoras, que permitan gestionar de forma integral, optimizando los recursos y maximizando los resultados. Siendo el objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación, diseñar un instrumento de gestión integral (gestión de la calidad, ambiental, seguridad y salud ocupacional) para el sector construcción en Cusco. Se realizó un análisis actual de la actividad de construcción, se planteó a diferencia de otras propuestas, el diseño que inicia con el diagnóstico, planificación, organización, ejecución, supervisión y optimización del sistema integral. Los resultados están expresados en el diagnóstico de los 3 sistemas, información clave, para el planteamiento y propuesta de las etapas posteriores; estructurando el planteamiento de los subprogramas basados en el diagnóstico integral, para finalmente determinar los lineamientos estratégicos, de implementación, evaluación y verificación del sistema, teniendo en cuenta la norma ISO 9001: 2008, ISO 14001:2004 y OSHAS 18001:2007; así como la legislación vigente para el Perú.