bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memórias de uma folia real
Authors: Neiva Ivany
Published: August 2019

A partir dos depoimentos de sete amigos, registram-se fragmentos da trajetória do ator, diretor de teatro, jornalista e ambientalista3 Ary Pára-Raios no cenário artístico e cultural do Distrito Federal, nos últimos trinta anos. O mote é o espetáculo Folia Real, em cena nas ruas de Brasília a partir de 2002, e que nos remete a discussões correntes na História Cultural, privilegiando como conduta de pesquisa a história oral. As descobertas e os contatos feitos durante o trabalho reafirmaram o interesse e a viabilidade de ampliar essa rede de memória, dando continuidade à pesquisa e ampliando seu objeto.
A Comunidade de Conceição e o início da ocupação do território
Authors: Souza Maria Aparecida
Published: August 2019

Apresento nesse artigo os pontos de inflexão sócio-históricos que fundam a representação da construção identitária da Comunidade de Conceição das Crioulas. Neste sentido, procuro discutir sobre questões que envolvem a construção da identidade “remanescente de quilombo”. Inicio tratando da história de ocupação da região, para isso destaco os critérios para reconhecimento da autoridade e da legitimidade de uma extraordinária diversidade fundiária contida nas ações do Estado brasileiro e de seus representantes. A história das ocupações territoriais foi experiência em que comunidades como a de Conceição das Crioulas não apenas sobreviveram, mas acabaram por se consolidarem, apesar e por contra de sua posição periférica e dos inúmeros conflitos.
O que é lesbianismo
Authors: Lessa Patrícia
Published: August 2019

NAVARRO-SWAIN, Tania. O que é lesbianismo. São Paulo: Brasiliense, 2000. 101p.
Das Camélias do Leblon à Rosa de Ouro
Authors: Matos Augusto
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho tem por finalidade desvelar as várias representações da Princesa Isabel, no contexto do final do Império, através de pesquisas baseadas em arquivos públicos,bibliotecas e jornais da época, tendo como referência teórico-metodológica a História Social. Esta nos possibilita contemplar, com todo o seu instrumental investigativo, as exigências da pesquisa, pois ao privilegiar o estudo das sociedades humanas, aborda os seus mais diversos aspectos. Estudaremos o cotidiano da Regente, seja no âmbito da vida privada ou pública. Discorreremos sobre sua formação intelectual, as relações familiares, seu envolvimento na causa abolicionista e suas ações políticas, sempre consoantes com o mundo vivido à época. Haverá espaço para seus detratores, permitindo melhor compreensão das motivações que os levaram a crer na incapacidade dirigente da herdeira legítima do trono imperial.
Continuidades da narrativa freyriana na construção de imagens das mulheres brasileiras
Authors: Carvalho Layla
Published: August 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as contribuições de Gilberto Freyre na construção de identidades femininas no Brasil, a partir da elaboração de imagens das mulheres brasileiras desde o período colonial. Delineamos o tratamento de Freyre às mulheres negras, indígenas e brancas, sendo a análise feita à luz da proposta da epistemologia feminista, da manutenção de um olhar crítico sobre a produção científica. Buscamos então evidenciar a presença marcante das construções de Freyre nos trabalhos de releitura da história brasileira que têm como objetivo evidenciar a presença feminina e retirar o silêncio histórico da existência delas, mas que fazem uma inserção problemática devido a esse apegoàs construções de Freyre.
Nazismo por imagens
Authors: Velasco Bárbara
Published: August 2019

Pela leitura do livro Minha Luta, escrito por Adolf Hitler, em 1924, procurou-se identificar ocorrências de seus ideais sobre o Trabalho e os Trabalhadores, comparando-as às imagens e palavras utilizadas pelos propagandistas do Partido Nazista alemão antes e depois de sua ascensão ao poder; quais as incidências mais comuns e quais são as possíveismodificações de pensamento quando do passar de alguns eventos na sociedade alemã. Procurou-se verificar até que ponto palavras e iconografia retificam ou re-significam odiscurso pré-Chancelaria de seu líder máximo.
“O Mulato”
Authors: Olímpio Francisco
Published: August 2019

Tendo como pressuposto a vocação interdisciplinar da História Cultural, o romance “O Mulato”, de Aluísio Azevedo, é tomado como base empírica principal deste artigo voltadopara questões identitárias e raciais, que afloram no cotidiano brasileiro do século XIX. Na esteira do entrecruzamento de temporalidades, objetivou-se, na lida com fragmentosdiscursivos selecionados da obra romanesca, destacar sentidos possíveis, para uma encenação cujo representacional, em contraponto com o Brasil de hoje, desvela mudanças, mas também permanências. Reside aí, aliás, o argumento norteador do estudo.
Gosto e salubridade
Authors: Carvalho Deborah
Published: August 2019

Este artigo se propõe a problematizar o discurso existente no jornal Diário da Tarde no tocante aos aspectos da alimentação e da saúde, em Curitiba, no contexto da PrimeiraRepública. No intuito de apontar as irregularidades no cenário urbano curitibano, partiu-se dos casos em que elas foram detectadas quando do preparo e venda de gêneros alimentícios e seus respectivos locais de comércio, bem como quando algum tipo de enfermidade – resultante da falta de salubridade - comprometeu a dinâmica do comércio curitibano relativo à comensalidade e à venda de gêneros alimentícios.
Cultura e poder
Authors: Sales Eric
Published: August 2019

MARTINS, Estevão C. de Rezende. Cultura e poder. 2 ed. Revisada e ampliada. São Paulo:Saraiva, 2007.
Escravas em ação
Authors: Sant’Anna Thiago Fernando
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo analisamos práticas de mulheres negras escravizadas como práticas abolicionistas. Nestas, as escravas souberam resistiram silenciosamente no trabalho e nassolidariedades cotidianas. Nossa pesquisa tem como fontes principais documentos relativos à escravidão na Província de Goiás, à legislação abolicionista e jornais. No que tange aosprocedimentos teórico-metodológicos nos baseamos em referências de historiadores que estudaram a escravidão brasileira e nos estudos feministas que se preocuparam em darvisibilidade às mulheres na História.
O anticomunismo nos discursos políticos dos anos JK
Authors: Silva Eliene
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo fará uma análise dos discursos políticos do Presidente Juscelino Kubitscheck a fim de perceber a permanência e a reelaboração de um discurso anticomunista que esteve presente no imaginário político e social brasileiro desde os anos 30. Analisaremos o que consideramos uma contradição: a coexistência da imagem cristalizada no imaginário social brasileiro do governo Kubitschek como uma feliz combinação de democracia e desenvolvimento, com práticas autoritárias e conservadoras. Através da Análise de Discurso, pretende-se verificar as novas estratégias discursivas utilizadas durante o governo Kubitschek para referendar um imaginário que negativizava e desacreditava a imagem do comunismo e de seus adeptos.
200 anos de imprensa e muitas histórias desde 1808 a 2008
Authors: Mustafá Izani
Published: August 2019

MARTINS, Ana Luiza, e LUCA, Tania Regina de. (orgs.). História da imprensa no Brasil. São Paulo: Contexto, 2008, 304 p.
De Belém a Tefé
Authors: De Aragão Solange
Published: August 2019

Pretende-se aqui apresentar seis cidades do norte do Brasil a partir da leitura dos relatos de viagem do século XIX – fontes documentais primordiais deste trabalho, ressaltando-se a importância dos rios da bacia do Amazonas para o surgimento e desenvolvimento desses aglomerados urbanos em uma época em que era muito expressiva a dificuldade de comunicação por terra. Todas essas cidades foram dispostas ao longo de rios – apenas Belém estava em contato quase direto com o mar; e todas estavam envoltas pela floresta amazônica – impenetrável. Era por meio dos rios que se alcançavam e se vislumbravam esses lugares ocupados e instituídos pelo homem branco para demarcar seu território e povoar as terras distantes, familiares aos índios. Não foram poucos os viajantes que se aventuraram a percorrer as águas caudalosas do Amazonas e de outros rios para conhecer esses lugarejos, muitas vezes com um número restrito de casas, de ruas e de habitantes, que também integravam a paisagem brasileira.
Responsabilidade Histórica e Direitos Humanos
Authors: Rosa Johnny
Published: August 2019

As reflexões deste trabalho procuram compreender as discussões dos padrões ético-sociais do historiador enquanto profissional, bem como a relevância social e ―restauradora‖ que o estudo de temas historiográficos baseados em episódios traumáticos pode ter para os pesquisadores e para a(s) sociedade(s) atingida(s) pelos eventos estudados por estes. Além disso, intenta-se considerar quais as consequências teóricas e metodológicas que acarretam na conjunção da discussão dos padrões ético-sociais do historiador e na relevância social e ―reparadora‖ (função terapêutica) que pode ter o estudo de episódios negativos, traumáticos. Desta forma, dois elementos surgem: os usos (responsáveis) e maus usos (irresponsáveis) da história, e a ética dos historiadores. Equidistante a estas questões axiológicas, intenta-se debater o potencial impacto dos sistemas de valores da Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos (DUDH) na adoção de um código de ética para os historiadores proposto por Antoon De Baets.
Ecos da Foto
Authors: Costa Tati
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho constrói-se na experiência de campo do projeto cultural Memórias da Cidade-ecos, realizado durante o ano de 2007 (em Londrina-PR), sob minha coordenação e sobre o qual desdobro minha pesquisa. Ecos se expressam em álbuns de memórias compostos artesanalmente, agregando saberes em linguagens visuais e escritas, onde fotografias pessoais e familiares de épocas diversas figuram narrativas e perenizam-se em vídeos. O debate metodológico busca observar a composição de narrativas de memória em relação com a utilização de fotografias durante entrevistas de história oral. Perspectivas do olhar, momentos em que lembranças ganham espaço e significados no presente, encontram pertencimento na memória coletiva, relacionam-se com a história, expressam-se nas imagens ou a partir delas.
Como escrever uma resenha historiográfica
Authors: Mello Ricardo Marques de
Published: August 2019

Neste texto apresento algumas considerações teórico-metodológicas a respeito da produção de uma resenha de obra historiográfica. Primeiramente exponho os principais motivos pelos quais se escreve uma resenha acadêmica; em seguida apresento o que ela deve conter; e finalmente faço uma breve consideração acerca do seu destino.
Em busca das memórias perdidas
Authors: Studart Hugo
Published: August 2019

Comunicação de pesquisa que busca detalhar as descobertas e a abordagem metodológica da investigação historiográfica em curso sobre a guerrilha rural brasileira (1966-1974), através do uso combinado de fontes escritas remanescentes (diários e cartas dos guerrilheiros, documentos políticos do partido e documentos militares) e das fontes orais sobreviventes (guerrilheiros, camponeses e militares), procurando diálogo teórico com Walter Benjamin, Paul Ricoeur e Hannah Arendt a partir de suas reflexões sobre o conceito de memória, assim como em questões como memória e esquecimento, anistia e perdão.
A identidade do “Outro” colonizado à luz das reflexões dos estudos Pós-Coloniais
Authors: Neves Cleiton Ricardo das , Almeida Amélia Cardoso de
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo contempla a construção e desconstrução da identidade do “Outro” colonizado vislumbrada por intelectuais como Homí.K.Bhabha, Frantz Fanon, Albert Memmi, V.S Naipaul, Spivak, Edward Said, dentre outros, através da ótica dos estudos Pós-coloniais. Para Bhabha, a representação da diferença não deve ser vista como reflexos de traços culturais ou éticos inscritos por meio de discursos e estratégias que tentam fixar por meio de binarismos excludentes a identidade do Outro. A mímica constituiu-se em uma estratégia ambivalente apropriada pelo colonialismo com o intuito de legitimar o discurso de superioridade do colonizador sobre o colonizado.
Multiculturalismo crítico
Authors: Lopes Danielle Bastos
Published: August 2019

MCLAREN, Peter. Multiculturalismo crítico. São Paulo: Cortez, 1997.
História, moral e patriotismo: recortes de uma época no álbum do grupo escolar Lauro Müller(1910-1930)
Authors: Gentil Flávio Welker , Da Silva Cristiani Bereta
Published: August 2019

O presente trabalho objetiva analisar as representações sobre o civismo e patriotismo no Álbum do Grupo Escolar Lauro Müller. Este álbum foi construído pelos diretores e preenchido com reportagens que saíam em jornais e convites para as festividades escolares, ambos relativos ao Grupo Escolar Lauro Müller, fundado em 1912, na cidade de Florianópolis. O recorte temporal, apesar de o documento constar com reportagens até os anos de 1960, será mantido até a década de 1930. A escolha para este recorte se baseia na cultura escolar observada no início da década de 1910 e a de 1930 que passava pela formação moral e patriótica do cidadão, o que se percebe pelos recortes. A partir disso, questionou-se quais forças os envolviam para o ato de guardar o cotidiano escolar: seria pela crença em seu trabalho civilizador realizado no Grupo Escolar?
Diálogos e perspectivas: a presença das mulheres nas enchentes do Pantanal em Porto Murtinho
Authors: Kmitta Ilsyane Do Rocio , Da Silva André Cândido
Published: August 2019

O propósito deste artigo é apresentar os discursos que se refere à representação das mulheres nas enchentes do Pantanal, em especial, no município de Porto Murtinho/MS, na fronteira com o Paraguai, no período que abrange as décadas de 1970 a 1990, relacionando com as concepções sobre a história das mulheres com a categoria gênero, em meio às práticas sociais e culturais. O presente trabalho tem como a sua fonte de pesquisa primária as Fontes Orais, fator predominante para abordar a história de vida das mulheres, seus silêncios e resistências. A proposta inicial deste artigo foi contemplar a presença das mulheres, sua relação com o meio-ambiente, seu cotidiano e as privações no período das enchentes em Porto Murtinho.
Entre o idealismo e a realidade: conflitos entre o Governo Vitor Buaiz e o Partido dos Trabalhadores, no Espírito Santo (1995-1997)
Authors: Oliveira Ueber José
Published: August 2019

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os conflitos verificados entre Governo Vitor Buaiz (1995-1997) e o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), entre os anos de 1995 e 1997, ou seja, do início da administração até a saída de Vitor Buaiz e de seu grupo do Partido, ocorrido no ano de 1997, momento que coincide com a fragmentação partidária no Espírito Santo. Durante o período, diante da necessidade de se construir uma base governista em um cenário político excessivamente fragmentado como o do Espírito Santo, o governo se movimentou no sentido de buscar apoios fora do campo da esquerda, o que levou a diversos conflitos entre o Governador e seu partido, especialmente com a bancada no Legislativo local. O desfecho desse processo foi o grande racha sofrido no interior sigla e o seu enfraquecimento nos pleitos posteriores a 1997, após uma trajetória ascendente no Estado desde a sua fundação.
A tragédia grega como discurso de legitimação do poder: debates historiográficos e o caso d'As Suplicantes, de Eurípides
Authors: Oberst Luiz Carlos Camargo
Published: August 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o viés político que as tragédias gregas tinham e sua influência na formação e na legitimação do poder exercido pelo império ateniense durante a Guerra do Peloponeso (431 – 404 a.C). Para isso, deve se teorizar como tais tragédias – consideradas fontes de segunda importância – podem ser essenciais para o desenvolvimento da nova história política nessa área, assim como apresentar o debate de historiadores que trataram desse tema, o qual até hoje não encontra consenso. Para reforçar esta proposta, o artigo também traz uma análise da tragédia As Suplicantes, de Eurípides, evidenciando seu propósito político, no sentido de que a apresentação dessa – assim como de outras tragédias – era aproveitada pelo Estado ateniense como ferramenta de formação cívica e exaltação da superioridade moral de Atenas às outras cidades-estado que eram dominadas.
Desigualdade social e narcotráfico na América Latina: Colômbia em foco (1999-2012)
Authors: Moraes Lucas Querino de Carvalho
Published: August 2019

Com o objetivo de manter a permanência de sua liderança política, econômica e militar, além do status de única superpotência mundial no Pós-Guerra Fria, os Estados Unidos viram-se na obrigação de conter as ameaças que os países latino-americanos representavam aos seus interesses, entre elas, o narcotráfico. Adotando uma política de combate às drogas, que se materializou na “guerra de baixa intensidade”, os EUA colocaram em prática o Plano Colômbia, dando início a uma série de ataques violentos e a dizimação de populações de camponeses e plantações de coca, ferindo assim os direitos humanos e acentuando ainda mais o narcotráfico e a migração ilegal. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar que a desigualdade social ainda é um forte problema na América Latina, e que, aliada a outros fatores, configura-se como uma das grandes responsáveis pela atividade do narcotráfico na região. Além disso, pretende-se expor caminhos para o combate a essa desigualdade em países como a Colômbia, tais como a criação de políticas públicas e sociais.
Fotografando a geringonça sem freio: breve investigação sobre as transformações da música em Brasília desde os anos 80
Authors: Fernandes Cunha André Luiz
Published: August 2019

Inspirado na imagem de uma carroça futurista, criada pela banda Feijão de Bandido em 2001, esse artigo pretende fazer um breve mapeamento da cena musical em Brasília dos anos 80 até a atualidade considerando sua natureza híbrida: arcaica e moderna, global e local simultaneamente.
Karirí como família linguística Macro-Jê no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Aryon Dall'Igna
Published: August 2019

A família linguística Karirí, proposta primeiramente por Adam (1896), foi incluída no tronco Macro-Jê desde Mason (1950). Enquanto a primeira inclusão foi baseada sobretudo em algumas semelhanças lexicais, Rodrigues (1999) apresentou alguns traços morfológicos e sintáticos de concordância tipológica com outras famílias incluídas no mesmo tronco. Neste estudo, discuto a consistência de todos esses elementos para considerar a família Karirí como membro do tronco Macro-Jê.
灰色预测模型与灰色关联度分析在公司运营中的应用
Authors: 杨 辰 , 高 寒歌
Published: August 2019

本文运用灰色预测模型（Grey Forecast Model）及 GM 预测软件对某公司 2020 年净利润进行预测、精度检验、预测函数与实际值对比；再选取在公司运营过程中影响利润收益的因素：宣传、人力、产品成本，运用灰色关联度分析法（Grey Relational Analysis）对净利润及三项影响因素进行关联度分析，先对三项关联系数进行比较，再做出各因素发展态势图进行验证，通过“数形结合”的手法，得出在未来公司运营中对宣传因素进行调整从而加大盈利的结论，进而在一定程度上解决了公司运营过程灰度大、决策难的问题。
共享经济对乡村振兴战略实施的影响研究
Authors: 王 韬
Published: August 2019

中国作为一个正处于发展过程中的社会主义特色国家，虽然已经基本上实现了小康社会的初级目标，但就整体的发展水平和情况来看，还存在着较为严重的城乡经济差距问题。因此，习近平总书记提出要将乡村振兴战略一一落实到具体的地方，不仅仅要将目光集中在经济振兴的基础上，而且在更大的程度上要着重于对共享经济的思考，着重突出乡村经济从供血模式向造血模式方向转变所带来的积极影响。因此，本文主要研究共享经济对于乡村振兴战略实施的影响，从而探索出一条更适宜缩短城乡差距的必经之路。
Positioning buildings on a zoning island to provide maximum shading: a case study
Authors: İNCE Hüseyin , ERDEM Nuri
Published: August 2019

Because summer days are long, and the weather is too hot, people desire shady spaces to escape the overwhelming effect of the sun. To keep buildings and open-air environments in the shade, a suitable building location design may be created at the planning stage. Positioning of buildings and recreation areas in the maximum amount of shade is closely dependent on the location of the buildings to be built, the distance between the buildings, the time of the day and the sun angles at a particular hour. It was found necessary to carry out this study, since no study was found to be carried out regarding the positioning of buildings in the maximum amount of shade. For buildings to be built in residential areas, separate or block arrangements are applied. This study discusses a building to be built on a reconstruction island in Adana in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. First of all, the shading effects of the buildings adjacent to the building in a parcel were examined in detail based on various positions of the façades of the building and different values of the solar azimuth. As a result of the study, the positioning of the buildings for providing the maximum shading was investigated. If the front and rear façades of the buildings were located in the west-east direction, according to the positioning of the buildings in the north-south direction, the front and rear façades would be exposed to less sunlight and more shade. In h = ± 6 sun hours, the façades of buildings in the parcels facing the north were under the influence of the sun rays coming from the side, and the rear façades of the buildings were in the shade.
Silver Rasbora Bekasam Using Various Processed Rice on Microbiological and Organoleptic Properties
Authors: Priyanto Anugerah Dany
Published: August 2019

Silver rasbora fish is a fresh fish that is often found in the traditional market, but the product has decreased in quality during its distribution chain. Bekasam is a spontaneous fermented fish product by adding salt as microorganism selective material and rice as source of carbohydrates for expected microorganisms. Aims of this study were to innovate silver rasbora fish processing into bekasam and explore various kinds of processed rice as fermentation media. This study was used by a completely randomized design (CRD) with factor was processed rice, particulary uncooked rice, cooked rice, karak, and nasi aking that given to fish by 50% (w/w). Observations were made on fresh silver rasbora fish and bekasam to compare the quality of fermented products. The observed parameters included total lactic acid bacteria and organoleptic. The results showed that processed rice had significantly effect on total LAB toward bekasam (P <0.05). Total LAB of bekasam which were fermented by various kinds of processed rice which can classified as probiotic food between 8.12-8.75 log CFU / g. Likewise on the organoleptic properties had significant effect (P <0.05). The best product was obtained from the bekasam using karak as fermentation media. The bekasam had total LAB of 8.12 log CFU / g and also had organoleptic properties with a high level of preference compared to the others. Hopefully, this research can increases the added value of silver rasbora fish and better quality than fresh products.
Optimalisasi Ekstraksi Karotenoid Dengan Menggunakan Berbagai Jenis Pelarut Organik
Authors: Anggreini Riski Ayu
Published: August 2019

Color is one of factors that determine the quality of a food product, however it turns out that not all dyes are safe for consumption. The use of non-food grade synthetic dyes such as textile dyes and leather can be a long-term risk to health. Likuala palm fruit is considered to be a potential source of natural dyes because it has a carotenoids content. However, the type of suitable solvent for obtaining carotenoids extraction is still unknown, so the purpose of this study was to determine the right type of solvent for the extraction of carotenoids color in Licuala palm fruit peel. There are 2 stages in this research, color extraction of Likuala palm fruit and analysis color stability. The analysis carried out was color intensity, total carotenoids (mg/100ml) and yield (%). The results showed that extraction using hexane solvent: acetone with a ratio of 50:50 was able to extract color with intensity, total carotenoid (mg / 100 ml) and the highest yield (%)
Antioxidant Activity of Parijoto Fruit Extract at Various Temperature of Food Processing
Authors: Pertiwi Rizki Bhakti , Hidayah Isti Nurul , Andrianty Deby , Hasbullah Umar Hafidz Asy'ari
Published: August 2019

Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) is a tropical plant that is used as traditional medicine by the community. This fruit contains many bioactive compounds. This study aims to analyze the effect of food processing temperature on the total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in parijoto extract. Tests are carried out at temperatures of 10, 30, 60, 75 and 100 ºC. Total phenolic compounds were analyzed by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity were analyzed by DPPH (1,1-Diphenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) radical scavenging method. The results showed that the increased processing temperature causes a decrease in total phenolic compounds. This causes antioxidant activity to decrease. Processing at low temperatures is able to maintain the content of phenol compounds (33.02 μg/ml) and the greatest antioxidant activity.
End of season influenza vaccine effectiveness in adults and children in the United Kingdom in 2017/18
Authors: Pebody Richard , Djennad Abdelmajid , Ellis Joanna , Andrews Nick , Marques Diogo F P , Cottrell Simon , Reynolds Arlene J , Gunson Rory , Galiano Monica , Hoschler Katja , Lackenby Angie , Robertson Chris , O’Doherty Mark , Sinnathamby Mary , Panagiotopoulos Nikolaos , Yonova Ivelina , Webb Rebecca , Moore Catherine , Donati Matthew , Sartaj Muhammad , Shepherd Samantha J , McMenamin Jim , de Lusignan Simon , Zambon Maria
Published: August 2019

Background

In the United Kingdom (UK), in recent influenza seasons, children are offered a quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4), and eligible adults mainly trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV).

Aim

To estimate the UK end-of-season 2017/18 adjusted vaccine effectiveness (aVE) and the seroprevalence in England of antibodies against influenza viruses cultured in eggs or tissue.

Methods

This observational study employed the test-negative case–control approach to estimate aVE in primary care. The population-based seroprevalence survey used residual age-stratified samples.

Results

Influenza viruses A(H3N2) (particularly subgroup 3C.2a2) and B (mainly B/Yamagata/16/88-lineage, similar to the quadrivalent vaccine B-virus component but mismatched to TIV) dominated. All-age aVE was 15% (95% confidence interval (CI): −6.3 to 32) against all influenza; −16.4% (95% CI: −59.3 to 14.9) against A(H3N2); 24.7% (95% CI: 1.1 to 42.7) against B and 66.3% (95% CI: 33.4 to 82.9) against A(H1N1)pdm09. For 2–17 year olds, LAIV4 aVE was 26.9% (95% CI: −32.6 to 59.7) against all influenza; −75.5% (95% CI: −289.6 to 21) against A(H3N2); 60.8% (95% CI: 8.2 to 83.3) against B and 90.3% (95% CI: 16.4 to 98.9) against A(H1N1)pdm09. For ≥ 18 year olds, TIV aVE against influenza B was 1.9% (95% CI: −63.6 to 41.2). The 2017 seroprevalence of antibody recognising tissue-grown A(H3N2) virus was significantly lower than that recognising egg-grown virus in all groups except 15–24 year olds.

Conclusions

Overall aVE was low driven by no effectiveness against A(H3N2) possibly related to vaccine virus egg-adaption and a new A(H3N2) subgroup emergence. The TIV was not effective against influenza B. LAIV4 against influenza B and A(H1N1)pdm09 was effective.
Peluang Energi terbarukan di Industri Pemanfaatan Termal Surya Pada Proses Pengeringan Kayu
Authors: Silaban Mawardi
Published: August 2019

Konsep perpindahan Massa dan panas dalam suatu sistem memberikan pendekatan mendasar untuk memperkirakan efisiensi termal sistem pengeringan kayu energi surya. Efisiensi termal sendiri didefinisikan sebagai rasio panas teoritis dan aktual yang diperlukan selama proses pengeringan. Perhitungan panas didasarkan pada jumlah energi yang diserap oleh sistem. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi termal yang dapat dicapai dengan sistem pengeringan kayu energi surya pada kondisi ini dijelaskan dalam makalah ini adalah 17,1% dengan rasio 25,2%.

Mass and heat transfer concept in a system provide a fundamental approach for estimating thermal efficiency of solar energy wood drying system. The thermal efficiency itself is defined as ratio of theoretical and actual heat required during drying process. Heat calculation was based on amount of energy absorbed by the system. The calculation result showed that the thermal efficiency that could be achieved by this solar energy wood drying system at this condition described in this paper is 17.1% with the ratio of 25.2%.
EFEKTIVITAS EKONOMI PRODUKTIF BAGI MANTAN KORBAN NAPZA (Studi Kasus di Yayasan Grapiks Bandung)
Authors: Srisusilawati Popon , Akbar S Torik
Published: August 2019

Bagi sebagian besar masyarakat, seseorang yang telah menjadi pecandu NAPZA meskipun telah berhenti tetap saja di pandang negatif. Permasalahan tersebut menjadi hambatan besar bagi mantan pengguna NAPZA untuk mengembangkan dirinya. Ekonomi produktif adalah penciptaan kesempatan bagi masyarakat untuk masuk dalam arus ekonomi yang bertumpu pada jaringan kemitraan antara Yayasan Grapiks Bandung dengan mantan korban NAPZA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus, dengan jenis penelitian termasuk penelitian dekriptif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ekonomi produktif yang dilaksanakan di Yayasan Grapiks Bandung merupakan salah satu bentuk pelatihan dalam upaya melatih keterampilan sesuai kemampuan  masing-masing mantan korban NAPZA. Efektivitas ekonomi produktif yang dilakukan Yayasan Grapiks Bandung dinilai sudah efektif yaitu sebesar 69,25%.
Sensitivity of PAS histopathology stain for the diagnosis of onychomycosis at multicenter teaching hospitals, Pakistan.
Authors: Khurshid Sipra Muhammad Wajid , Akhtar Zahid Mehmood , Batool Tayyaba
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of Periodic acid –Schiff (PAS) staining an early and quick effective diagnostic test of nail clipping with routine tests in the diagnosis of Onychomycosis. Background: The routine gold standard for diagnosis of fungal nail infections has been direct microscopy (KOH mount) and mycological culture which often yield delayed or weak/false negative results. However recent studies have suggested that nail plate biopsy using PAS stain is rapid method of detection that grasped the diagnosis and manage the disease. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Setting: 320 clinical diagnosed cases of onychomycosis performed at Department of Microbiology, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College Bahawalpur and Department of Histopathology King Edward medical University Lahore. Period: January 2012 to August 2018. Materials and Methods: The parameter looked in the sent investigation were histopathology PAS stain, mycological culture and microscopy. Presences of intensely stained reddish dots or threads like structures in between the cells of nail plate were considered to be positive results on histopathology with periodic acid Schiff (PAS). The microscopic study showed hyphae or spores and growth of organism concluded by morphological colony characteristics on Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) periodically after 4 weeks. Result: out of total 320 cases, 81.25% was positive for histopathology PAS stain. Culture positivity was 60% and KOH mount recovered 52.5% positive. The combination of PAS stain and culture results showed 90.62% while Culture and KOH were 62.5% in nail clipping specimen. Conclusion: Histopathological PAS technique was found to be more effective than other laboratory methods for the diagnosis of Onychomycosis.
Comparison of shear bond strength of traditional 3-step composite with self etch primer and composite.
Authors: Haroon Kashif , Ijaz Uzma , Haroon Saad , Khan Taimoor , Yasmin Raheela , Mehmood Rashid
Published: August 2019

The revolution in orthodontics has been due to replacement of cemented bands by orthodontic brackets. Acid etching is required to bond a bracket on tooth’s surface. Traditional three step acid etch procedure consisted of etching, sealing/priming and bonding. The self etch system (etchant and primer together) can be used without the need for surface preparation, saving chair side time and minimizing contamination. Objectives: To compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic bracket bonded with Conventional etching primer (Transbond XT, 3M Unitek) with self etch primer (Adper Prompt L-Pop, 3M ESPE). Study Design: Prospective study Setting: Orthodontic Clinic of Ihsan Mumtaz Hospital, Lahore and PCSIR (Lahore). Period: 6 months from June 2018 to December 2018. Material and Methods: 60 human maxillary premolars were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 each. Group-I was bonded with conventional etching primer + composite and Group-II was bonded with self etch primer + composite. Shear bond strength was measured through Ionstron force testing machine. Statistical Analysis: For each variable, shear bond strength, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values were calculated. t-test was used to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of the two groups and P value less than and equal to 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean shear bond strength in group 1 and group II was10.5MPa and 7.36MPa respectively. Conclusion: The shear bond strength of Conventional etching primer + adhesive was significantly higher than the shear bond strength of self etch primer +adhesive group.
Frequency of helicobacter pylori in patients with functional dyspepsia.
Authors: - Tooba , Hussain Awan Riaz , Nayab Seema , Hussain Awan Khadim , Muhammad Awan Faqir
Published: August 2019

To evaluate the frequency of Helicobacter pylori in individuals with functional dyspepsia. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Period: Six months from 01-May-2014 to 31-10-2014. Setting: Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi. Materials and Methods: All the patients between 18 to 70 years of age diagnosed as functional dyspepsia for more than 03 months duration were admitted and evaluated for Helicobacter pylori infection through histopathological examination. Results: Total 121 subjects with functional dyspepsia were screened for Helicobacter pylori infection. The mean ±SD for age of subjects with functional dyspepsia was 41.74±08.87. The mean age ±SD of Helicobacter pylori infected individuals was 40.70±7.82 while the mean ±SD of age in helicobacter pylori negative patients was 40.55±10.63. Majority of the subjects were out-patients, 30-39 years of age with male predominance. The most common duration of disease observed was 6-9 months with epigastric pain and burning the predominant symptoms. The Helicobacter pylori infection was observed in 78(64.4%) individuals, of which 55 were males and 23 were males (p=<0.01). Conclusion: The functional dyspeptic patients are prone to acquire Helicobacter pylori infection therefore present study reported 64.4% prevalence for H. pylori infection with male gender predominance.
Single centre study of stone clearance with ureterorenoscope & lithoclast for ureteric calculi; our experience.
Authors: Inam Qazi Adil , Arshad Furqan , Naeem Baig Nabeel , Abid Khadijah
Published: August 2019

To decide the adequacy of ureterorenoscope by utilizing lithoclast for distal ureteric stone clearance. Study Design: Longitudinal study. Setting: Department of urology Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital. Period: Feb 2014 to Dec 2016. Materials and Methods: 32 patients from medical record who underwent for stone clearance with ureteroscopy followed by lithoclast. The patients with larger upper ureteral stones were enrolled in the study though patients with stone size<1cm and co-morbidities were not included in the study. The characteristic of patients and stone, treatment modality & outcome i.e. efficacy in terms of “successful stone clearance” were determined. Results: The average age of 32 patients was 34.28±10.11 years. 18 (56.3%) of the patients were females whereas 14 (43.7%) were males. Ureteric stones were present on both right and left sides in 17 (54%) and 15(46%) patients. Bilateral ureteric stone was present in 2 (6.25%) patients. The efficacy was reported as 96% for the stone size of 1-1.5cm and 92% for the stone size of 1.6-3cm. Conclusions: We concluded that Ureterorenoscope followed by Lithoclast is the useful and safest procedure for stone clearance.
Learning strategies of dental undergraduates of orthodontics and prosthodontics.
Authors: Azeem Muhammad , Akram Momina , Asghar Rubbab , Haq Arfan ul , Tarique Nadeem , Ata Saadia
Published: August 2019

It is very important for faculty members to know how students learn so that they can modify teaching methods accordingly. To measure the learning preferences of dental undergraduates at Faisalabad Medical University, Pakistan. Study Design: A Cross-sectional study. Setting: Orthodontic Department, Dental Section- Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad. Period: Session 2017-18. Materials and Methods: Present study was conceived on the final year dental undergraduates (n=40) of Faisalabad Medical University, Pakistan to determine the learning preferences. Questionnaire was administered using Felder and Soloman’s Index of Learning Styles. The descriptive statistics were applied and survey data were converted in to scores. Results: The results showed that most of the undergraduate dental students were verbal learners (50%). On the sequential/global scale, 55% were balanced and 40% were sequential learners. On the active/reflective scale, 45% were balanced, and 30% were active. On the sensing/intuitive scale, 50% were balanced, and 38% were sensing. Conclusion: The undergraduate dental students were found to be mostly verbal learners.
Comparative study of effectiveness of vitamin E and evening primrose oil for pain relief in moderate cyclical mastalgia.
Authors: Ghazanfor Ramlah , Qureshi Usman , Adil Rafay Ghazanfer , Malik Sara , Tariq Maham , Sarwar Khan Jahangir
Published: August 2019

In breast clinics worldwide, cyclical mastalgia is the commonest presenting complaint among patients of reproductive age. Non-pharmacological options are preferred mode of treatment due to their better side effect profile. This study compares the effectiveness of two such non-pharmacological options i.e. Vitamin E and Evening Primrose Oil. Study Design: Randomized controlled single blinded trial. Setting: Surgical Unit 1 Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: Six months from July to Dec 2017. Materials and Methods: Observing all scientific and ethical protocols. All non-pregnant and non-lactating females of reproductive age were included in study. Two groups A and B, of 190 patients each, were made. Group A received Vitamin E capsules 400 mg once daily whereas group B received evening primrose oil 500 mg capsules twice daily. After six months, mean reduction in pain scores in both groups was calculated using a t-test (p-value < 0.05 was considered significant). Results: Total number of 380 female patients (190 in each group) were enrolled in study for a period of 6 months. Mean age was 30.00+16.54 years. Mean score at presentation was 5.69+0.08 in vitamin E group and 5.66+0.8 in EPO group. After 6 months, score was 3.70+1.5 in vitamin E group and 4.78+1.47 in EPO group, which was statistically significant (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: Vitamin E, when taken for 6 months, is more effective than evening primrose oil in reducing pain in moderate cyclical mastalgia.
Comparison between the mean postoperative pain score with two different file systems in patients with irreversible pulpitis-a clinical study in Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine.
Authors: Jamil Sara , Jouhar Rizwan , Gandhi Dinaz , Tahira Tayyaba , Shaikh Jamshed
Published: August 2019

Endodontic Pain if occurs after few hours or days after the treatment indicates a poor pathosis and a bad prognosis in long term, due to this a newer generation of instruments for canal treatment has been introduced from Ni-Ti alloy which has even better ability to shape narrow and curved root canals, without causing aberration. To compare the mean postoperative pain score after manual SS (stainless steel) K-files and mechanical Ni-Ti rotary path files in patients with irreversible pulpitis. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Department of Operative Dentistry, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi. Period: 6 months from 01-10-2017 to 30-03-2018. Materials and Methods: Total 60 patients of irreversible pulpitis with moderate pain score ≥5 were included and divided equally in manual stainless-steel k-files and mechanical Ni-Ti rotary path files groups. Treatment was started with local anesthesia. Patients were recalled after 24 hours and the level of postoperative pain was examined. T-test was applied to compare the outcome in both groups. Stratification was done using t-test and P value ≤0.05 was significantly considered. Results: The mean pre-treatment VAS in group-A and group-B was 7.16±1.44 and 7.86±1.38 respectively. Mean post-treatment VAS in group-A and group-B was 2.33±1.02 and 1.10±0.66 respectively. A significant difference between the pre and post op pain was noted between the two groups, when compared after 24hours by using VAS. Conclusion: Mean post-operative pain score was significantly less with NiTi rotary path files as compare to manual stainless steel K-files.
Analysis of Deaths Related to Synthetic Cannabinoid (“Bonsai”) in Eskişehir, Turkey
Authors: BALCI İşılay , YILMAZ Ali , YETİŞ Yeşim , EMİRAL Emrah , KARBEYAZ Kenan
Published: August 2019

Introduction, Objective; In literature, there are
studies reporting that SC affects many systems such as cardiac, respiratory,
urogenital, digestive system and cause death even in the first use. In this
study, it is aimed to determine frequency of death resulting from use of SC and
also the rate of forensic deaths in Eskisehir province.

Method: In this study, cases in which cause
of death is related to the use of SC and which are included in forensic deaths
that occurred between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2016, are going to be
included in this study. The rate of cases in which deaths result from SC to the
rate of all forensic deaths is going to be detected. Also, demographic data of
the cases such as age, gender, educational status, marital status, working
status and residence are going to be examined.

Findings: Within 6 years-period the study includes, it was determined that 33
people died because of SC. In 2011, the first year that the study includes, the
rate of deaths resulting from SC to forensic deaths was 0,3%, and this rate
reached up to 3,1% in 2016. It was noted that SC named AM-2201 and JWH-018
(totally n=22, 66,7%) were mostly related to the death.

Discussion: In our study, it was observed that the deaths associated with SC
increased until 2016. It is known that the use of other synthetic drugs or
stimulants has increased in the last 2 years instead of SC. Hence, need for
examination, equipment and experience required for identifying and reporting
these synthetic substances will increase day by day.
How do Teachers Teach Mathematics and Science in English?
Authors: Suharyadi Suharyadi
Published: August 2019

Teaching mathematics and science in English has been a hot topic in the academic amospheres such as at schools, universities, and research centers. Teaching mathematics and science in English, in this context, is the teachers’ use of English as amedium of instruction in delivering the content subjects: mathematics, biology, chemsitry and physics. In particular, teachers use English in order to open classes/greet students, review previous topics, inform topic(s) to be learned, ask questions, answer questions, explain concepts, give directions, and do parting, all of which are embodied in words, phrases and sentences. However, these classroom activities might not be easily accomplished as teachers’ English skills are not well prepared. Since they are not the English specialists, they likely use strategies in their classroom communication with their students. They use strategies in order to make their messages comprehensible to students. Their “language” (words, expressions, phrases, and sentences) should be simple and understandable so that students can figure out what is presented and taught easily. This paper is intended to report a case study on (1) types of communication strategies employed by the teachers in teaching mathematics, chemistry, and biology in English; and (2) why they use such kinds of communication strategies in teaching mathematics, chemistry, and biology in English. The data obtained from observations (through videotaping), interviews, and questionnaires indicate that the teachers deploy several communication strategies with different reasons in teaching
Tipe Teks dan Penerjemahan
Authors: Sari Indah
Published: August 2019

One of the procedures conducted by a translator is text analysis. It is aimed to find out the text type of the source text. Traditionally, a text type is determined by the topic, form, and the language used. However, it does not applicable to a text like science-fiction text. It is difficult for the translator to decide the text type. Therefore, Reiss (1971) gave the solution by determining the text type from its function. There are three types of text proposed by Reiss; they are informative, expressive, and operative.Â  Although a text may have more than one function, the translator just needs to see which function dominated the text. Text type is the important basic for the translator before producing a target text. He may produce the same or even different texts type depending on his translation purpose.
Analisis terhadap Dua Puisi Penyair Amerika Claude McKay: Penelusuran SelukBeluk Kekuasaan Ras
Authors: Rizano Gindho
Published: August 2019

This article discusses two representative poems by a famous African-American writer, Claude Mckay. It seeks to interpretthe poems, “If We Must Die” and “Enslaved”, which both explore the issues racism and mental slavery, in the light of politicalapproaches such as Marxist criticism and postcolonialism. The main findings of this article are: 1) that racism and violence that itentails are rooted in class conflict and 2) that McKay’s poems can be seen as a counter-hegemony of the ethnocentricity of whiteculture. Generally, it is hoped that this writing can promote historical and political readings of minority poets like Claude McKay.
Some Words Mispronunciation in Pro News Today at Pro News Radio
Authors: Apriyanti Difiani , Payudha Anggara
Published: August 2019

Learning English through media-printed media such as newspaper printed in English and electronic media such as Radio andTelevision present in English. In Padang, West Sumatra, Pro News Radio is one of the stations which broadcast an English program. It isnamed Pro News Today. Most of the listeners are people in West Sumatra who want to learn English. Because many people are hopingmuch from this program, it is a must to see whether the program is being presented perfectly. Referring to this reason, the writersconducted a project about mispronunciation words that occur by the newsreaders during broadcasting the news. By applying dictionaryreference.com the writers find out that they did mispronounce several words during broadcasting, and there were same words which aremispronounced by the two different newsreaders. The writers also did interview to the newsreaders whether they are aware of theirmistake or not. From their answer, it can be concluded that they do not realize that they have made the mistake. The writers hope that ProNews Radio gives more attention to the English skill of the newsreaders in English program.