bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular dynamics simulations for CL-20/TNT co-crystal based polymer-bonded explosives
Authors: Cao Qiang , Xiao Ji Jun , Gao Pei , Li Shen Shen , Zhao Feng , Wang Yan Alexander , Xiao He Ming
Published: October 2017

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to study the polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs) where the explosive base was the well-known high energy co-crystal compound, 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexazaisowurtzitane/2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (CL-20/TNT), and the polymer binders were fluorine rubber (F[Formula: see text], fluorine resin (F[Formula: see text], polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and polystyrene (PS), respectively. The binding energies, pair correlation functions (PCFs) and mechanical properties of the PBXs were reported. According to our theoretical results of binding energies, the compatibility of the PBXs is predicted to be in the following order: CL-20/TNT/PVAc[Formula: see text] CL-20/TNT/F[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] CL-20/TNT/PS [Formula: see text] CL-20/TNT/F[Formula: see text]. The binding energies of the PBXs on three crystalline surfaces, (100), (001), (010), of the CL-20/TNT co-crystal were also compared: CL-20/TNT(100)[Formula: see text]CL-20/TNT(001)[Formula: see text]CL-20/TNT(010) for F[Formula: see text], F[Formula: see text], and PS; CL-20/TNT(001)[Formula: see text]CL-20/TNT(100)[Formula: see text]CL-20/TNT(010) for PVAc. The PCF analysis reveals that there exist H-bonds between H and O, F, and N atoms on all three interfaces and among all H-bonds, N H-bond has the fewest number. For the CL-20/TNT co-crystal, the moduli can be reduced by adding a small amount of the polymer binders but the ductility can be prolonged only by F[Formula: see text] and F[Formula: see text].
Synthesis, Acid-Base Properties, Kinetics and Mechanism of Cu2+ Incorporation into Water-Soluble Highly Substituted Porphyrins
Authors: Konno Hirofumi , Takeda Jun
Published: October 2017

The synthesis, acid-base properties, and kinetics of Cu[Formula: see text] incorporation into water-soluble highly substituted porphyrins were studied. The basicity increased and the stepwise acid-base equilibrium was clarified by increasing the number of phenyl groups at the [Formula: see text] position, and the basicity of a dodeca-substituted porphyrin increased with the ionic strength. The metalation reaction of the dodeca-substituted porphyrin with Cu[Formula: see text] in aqueous solution revealed a biphasic absorbance change at 453 nm. Plots of [Formula: see text] or[Formula: see text] vs. the Cu[Formula: see text] concentration and of log ([Formula: see text] or[Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] 0) vs. the ionic strength show that [Formula: see text] is dependent on the Cu[Formula: see text] concentration and ionic strength, while [Formula: see text] is independent of these parameters. These results confirm the stepwise metalation mechanism and the existence of an intermediate in aqueous solution, which is indicated by the biphasic absorbance change at 453 nm.
Strong-Form Formulated Generalized Displacement Control Method for Large Deformation Analysis
Authors: Yang Judy P. , Chen Jian-Yu
Published: October 2017

The traditional analysis of geometric nonlinearity is mostly based on the weak-formulated Galerkin method such as the finite element method. The element nature has limited its application as a result of numerical integration in the governing equation and quality control of deformed mesh. In the middle of 1990s, the meshfree methods have been developed and become one leading research topic in computational mechanics. Especially, the strong form collocation methods require no additional efforts to process numerical integration and impose Dirichlet boundary condition, thereby making the collocation methods computationally efficient. In the incremental–iterative process, how to accurately reflect the change in the slope of the load–deflection curve of the structure and remain numerically stable are of major concerns. Thus, we propose a strong-form formulated generalized displacement control method to analyze geometric nonlinear problems, where the radial basis collocation method is adopted. The numerical examples demonstrate the ability of the proposed method for large deformation analysis.
The number of subtrees of trees with given diameter
Authors: Chen Zichong
Published: October 2017

Let [Formula: see text] be a tree of given order [Formula: see text] with diameter [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] the number of subtrees of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we show that:

(1) [Formula: see text] and the equality holds if and only if [Formula: see text];

(2) If [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] and the equality holds if and only if [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] (mod 3) with [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] (mod 3) with [Formula: see text];

(3) If [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (mod [Formula: see text]) for [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text], and the equalities hold if and only if [Formula: see text].
Using simulation in layout verification of solar module assembly workshop
Authors: Liao Zhongqing , Cong Ming , Liu Dong , Meng Fanjie
Published: October 2017

Facility layout problem (FLP) contemplates the optimization of space utilization, costs, and material flow. Commercial simulation softwares are commonly used to validate layouts by simulating the real world material flow and production process. To validate a layout scenario of a solar module assembly workshop, a 3D simulation model is presented which was designed on VisualComponents software. To begin with, we introduce the layout characteristics and use the systematic layout planning (SLP) method to design the block layout of workshop. Then, we built components library which contains all the facilities needed in the production line, specifically conveyors, processing equipments, robots, buffers. Finally, we have established a simulation layout model using the components in the customized library according to the block layout, and configured the components which were allocated in the layout by setting the parameters and building the connection between components via signal. To improve the performance of the workshop, we have found the best work-in-process (WIP) value for the workshop and the optimal number of workers. Additionally, the layout model was used to test collision and reachability. It demonstrated the production process in a realistic simulation environment which helped in the sales process as well. The reusable component models we have built make it easy to build a layout within a short time and validate the effectiveness of the layout scenarios for any other projects.
Hootsuite
Authors: CACM Staff
Published: October 2017

A discussion with Edward Steel, Yanik Berube, Jonas Bonér, Ken Britton, and Terry Coatta
Stopping Criterion for Active Learning with Model Stability
Authors: Zhang Yexun , Cai Wenbin , Wang Wenquan , Zhang Ya
Published: October 2017

Active learning selectively labels the most informative instances, aiming to reduce the cost of data annotation. While much effort has been devoted to active sampling functions, relatively limited attention has been paid to when the learning process should stop. In this article, we focus on the stopping criterion of active learning and propose a model stability--based criterion, that is, when a model does not change with inclusion of additional training instances. The challenge lies in how to measure the model change without labeling additional instances and training new models. Inspired by the stochastic gradient update rule, we use the gradient of the loss function at each candidate example to measure its effect on model change. We propose to stop active learning when the model change brought by any of the remaining unlabeled examples is lower than a given threshold. We apply the proposed stopping criterion to two popular classifiers: logistic regression (LR) and support vector machines (SVMs). In addition, we theoretically analyze the stability and generalization ability of the model obtained by our stopping criterion. Substantial experiments on various UCI benchmark datasets and ImageNet datasets have demonstrated that the proposed approach is highly effective.
OPPC
Authors: Lin Chi , Zhou Yanhong , Song Houbing , Yu Chang Wu , Wu Guowei
Published: October 2017

The lack of schedulability evaluation of previous charging schemes in wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) degrades the charging efficiency, leading to node exhaustion. We propose an Optimal Path Planning Charging scheme, namely OPPC, for the on-demand charging architecture. OPPC evaluates the schedulability of a charging mission, which makes charging scheduling predictable. It provides an optimal charging path which maximizes charging efficiency. When confronted with a non-schedulable charging mission, a node discarding algorithm is developed to enable the schedulability. Experimental simulations demonstrate that OPPC can achieve better performance in successful charging rate as well as charging efficiency.
Exact and Asymptotic Solutions of a Divide-and-Conquer Recurrence Dividing at Half
Authors: Hwang Hsien-Kuei , Janson Svante , Tsai Tsung-Hsi
Published: October 2017

Divide-and-conquer recurrences of the form
f
(
n
) =
f
(⌊ n/2⌋ ) +
f
( ⌈ n/2⌉ ) +
g
(
n
) (
n
⩾ 2), with
g
(
n
) and
f
(1) given, appear very frequently in the analysis of computer algorithms and related areas. While most previous methods and results focus on simpler crude approximation to the solution, we show that the solution always satisfies the simple
identity
f
(
n
) =
n
P
(log
2
n
) −
Q
(
n
) under an optimum (iff) condition on
g
(
n
). This form is not only an identity but also an asymptotic expansion because
Q
(
n
) is of a smaller order than linearity. Explicit forms for the
continuous
periodic function
P
are provided. We show how our results can be easily applied to many dozens of concrete examples collected from the literature and how they can be extended in various directions. Our method of proof is surprisingly simple and elementary but leads to the strongest types of results for all examples to which our theory applies.
The heat method for distance computation
Authors: Crane Keenan , Weischedel Clarisse , Wardetzky Max
Published: October 2017

We introduce the
heat method
for solving the single- or multiple-source shortest path problem on both flat and curved domains. A key insight is that distance computation can be split into two stages: first find the direction along which distance is increasing, then compute the distance itself. The heat method is robust, efficient, and simple to implement since it is based on solving a pair of standard sparse linear systems. These systems can be factored once and subsequently solved in near-linear time, substantially reducing amortized cost. Real-world performance is an order of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art methods, while maintaining a comparable level of accuracy. The method can be applied in any dimension, and on any domain that admits a gradient and inner product---including regular grids, triangle meshes, and point clouds. Numerical evidence indicates that the method converges to the exact distance in the limit of refinement; we also explore smoothed approximations of distance suitable for applications where greater regularity is desired.
Impact of Process Variation on Self-Reference Sensing Scheme and Adaptive Current Modulation for Robust STTRAM Sensing
Authors: Motaman Seyedhamidreza , Ghosh Swaroop , Kulkarni Jaydeep
Published: October 2017

Spin-Transfer-Torque RAM (STTRAM) is a promising technology for high-density on-chip cache due to low standby power and high speed. However, the process variation of the Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) and access transistor poses a serious challenge to sensing. Nondestructive sensing suffers from reference resistance variation, whereas destructive sensing suffers from failures due to unoptimized selection of data and reference currents. Furthermore, the sense speed is tightly coupled with the reference/data current requirement. In this work, we study the process variation effect on a self-reference sensing scheme to eliminate bit-to-bit process variation in MTJ resistance. Read current modulation is proposed to overcome the failures due to process variation. Simulation results reveal <0.01% failures at the cost of 9ns sense time and 190uW power consumption.
Bringing Parallel Patterns Out of the Corner
Authors: De Sensi Daniele , De Matteis Tiziano , Torquati Massimo , Mencagli Gabriele , Danelutto Marco
Published: October 2017

High-level parallel programming is an active research topic aimed at promoting parallel programming methodologies that provide the programmer with high-level abstractions to develop complex parallel software with reduced time to solution.
Pattern-based parallel programming
is based on a set of composable and customizable parallel patterns used as basic building blocks in parallel applications. In recent years, a considerable effort has been made in empowering this programming model with features able to overcome shortcomings of early approaches concerning flexibility and performance. In this article, we demonstrate that the approach is flexible and efficient enough by applying it on 12 out of 13 PARSEC applications. Our analysis, conducted on three different multicore architectures, demonstrates that pattern-based parallel programming has reached a good level of maturity, providing comparable results in terms of performance with respect to both other parallel programming methodologies based on pragma-based annotations (i.e., Open
mp
and O
mp
S
s
) and native implementations (i.e., P
threads
). Regarding the programming effort, we also demonstrate a considerable reduction in lines of code and code churn compared to P
threads
and comparable results with respect to other existing implementations.
A block on the old chip
Authors: Savage Neil
Published: October 2017

Block copolymers may help transistors shrink to tinier dimensions.
Overcoming disabilities
Authors: Shein Esther
Published: October 2017

Brain-computer interfaces hold the promise of fully featured replacements for body parts that don't work or are missing.
Extending the Outreach
Authors: Damiani Ernesto , Kowalczyk Ryszard , Parr Gerard
Published: October 2017

Connected Communities (CCs) are
socio-technical systems
that rely on an information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure to integrate people and organizations (companies, schools, hospitals, universities, local and national government agencies) willing to share information and perform joint decision-making to create sustainable and equitable work and living environments. We discuss a research agenda considering CCs from three distinct but complementary points of view: CC metaphors, models, and services.
Butterfly effect
Authors: Shostak Seth
Published: October 2017

But, like the weather, what can anyone do about it?

From the intersection of computational science and technological speculation, with boundaries limited only by our ability to imagine what could be.
User reviews of top mobile apps in Apple and Google app stores
Authors: Mcilroy Stuart , Shang Weiyi , Ali Nasir , Hassan Ahmed E.
Published: October 2017

The varying review dynamics seen in different app stores can help guide future app development strategies.
Disgorging profits in design patent cases
Authors: Samuelson Pamela
Published: October 2017

Does the recent U.S. Supreme Court decision in the
Apple v. Samsung
case represent a quagmire?
Inside the Walled Garden
Authors: Sen Rijurekha , Ahmad Sohaib , Phokeer Amreesh , Farooq Zaid Ahmed , Qazi Ihsan Ayyub , Choffnes David , Gummadi Krishna P.
Published: October 2017

Free Basics is a Facebook initiative to provide zero-rated web services in developing countries. The program has grown rapidly to 60+ countries in the past two years. But it has also seen strong opposition from Internet activists and has been banned in some countries like India. Facebook highlights the societal benefits of providing low-income populations with free Internet access, while detractors point to concerns about privacy and network neutrality.

In this paper, we provide the first independent analysis of such claims regarding the Free Basics service, using both the perspective of a Free Basics service provider and of web clients visiting the service via cellular phones providing access to Free Basics in Pakistan and South Africa.

Specifically, with control of both endpoints, we not only provide a more detailed view of how the Free Basics service is architected, but also can isolate the likely causes of network performance impairments. Our analysis reveals that Free Basics services experience 4 to 12 times worse network performance than their paid counterparts. We isolate the root causes using factors such as network path inflation and throttling policies by Facebook and telecom service providers.

The Free Basics service and its restrictions are designed with assumptions about users' device capabilities (e.g., lack of JavaScript support). To evaluate such assumptions, we infer the types of mobile devices that generated 47K unique visitors to our Free Basics services between Sep 2016 and Jan 2017. We find that there are large numbers of requests from constrained WAP browsers, but also large fractions of high-capability mobile phones that send Free Basics requests.

We discuss the implications of our observations, with the hope to aid more informed debates on such telecom policies.
Contain-ed
Authors: Sheoran Amit , Sharma Puneet , Fahmy Sonia , Saxena Vinay
Published: October 2017

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) has enabled operators to dynamically place and allocate resources for network services to match workload requirements. However, unbounded end-to-end (e2e) latency of Service Function Chains (SFCs) resulting from distributed Virtualized Network Function (VNF) deployments can severely degrade performance. In particular, SFC instantiations with inter-data center links can incur high e2e latencies and Service Level Agreement (SLA) violations. These latencies can trigger timeouts and protocol errors with latency-sensitive operations.

Traditional solutions to reduce e2e latency involve physical deployment of service elements in close proximity. These solutions are, however, no longer viable in the NFV era. In this paper, we present our solution that bounds the e2e latency in SFCs and inter-VNF control message exchanges by creating micro-service aggregates based on the affinity between VNFs. Our system, Contain-ed, dynamically creates and manages affinity aggregates using light-weight virtualization technologies like containers, allowing them to be placed in close proximity and hence bounding the e2e latency. We have applied Contain-ed to the Clearwater IP Multimedia Subsystem and built a proof-of-concept. Our results demonstrate that, by utilizing application and protocol specific knowledge, affinity aggregates can effectively bound SFC delays and significantly reduce protocol errors and service disruptions.
Wi-Stitch
Authors: Raman Aravindh , Sastry Nishanth , Sathiaseelan Arjuna , Chandaria Jigna , Secker Andrew
Published: October 2017

Wi-Fi, the most commonly used access technology at the very edge, supports download speeds that are orders of magnitude faster than the average home broadband or cellular data connection. Furthermore, it is extremely common for users to be within reach of their neighbours' Wi-Fi access points. Given the skewed nature of interest in content items, it is likely that some of these neighbours are interested in the same items as the users. We sketch the design of Wi-Stitch, an architecture that exploits these observations to construct a highly efficient content sharing infrastructure at the very edge and show through analysis of a real workload that it can deliver substantial (up to 70%) savings in network traffic. The Wi-Stitch approach can be used both by clients of fixed-line broadband, as well as mobile devices obtaining indoors access in converged networks.
Animal models of chemotherapy-induced mucositis: translational relevance and challenges
Authors: Sangild Per T. , Shen René Liang , Pontoppidan Peter , Rathe Mathias
Published: October 2017

Chemotherapy for cancer patients induces damaging tissue reactions along the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This chemotherapy-induced mucositis (CIM) is a serious side effect of cytotoxic drugs, and several animal models of CIM have been developed, mainly in rodents and piglets, to help understand the progression of CIM and how to prevent it. Animal models allow highly controlled experimental conditions, detailed organ (e.g., GIT) insights, standardized, clinically relevant treatment regimens, and discovery of new biomarkers. Still, surprisingly few results from animal models have been translated into clinical CIM management and treatments. The results obtained from specific animal models can be difficult to translate to the diverse range of CIM manifestations in patients, which vary according to the antineoplastic drugs, dose, underlying (cancer) disease, and patient characteristics (e.g., age, genetics, and body constitution). Another factor that hinders the direct use of results from animals is inadequate collaboration between basic science and clinical science in relation to CIM. Here, we briefly describe CIM pathophysiology, particularly the basic knowledge that has been obtained from CIM animal models. These model studies have indicated potential new preventive and ameliorating interventions, including supplementation with natural bioactive diets (e.g., milk fractions, colostrum, and plant extracts), nutrients (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids, short-chain fatty acids, and glutamine), and growth factor peptides (e.g., transforming growth factor and glucagon-like peptide-2), as well as manipulations of the gut microbiota (e.g., prebiotics, probiotics, and antibiotics). Rodent CIM models allow well-controlled, in-depth studies of animals with or without tumors while pig models more easily make clinically relevant treatment regimens possible. In synergy, animal models of CIM provide the basic physiological understanding and the new ideas for treatment that are required to make competent decisions in clinical practice.
Enhanced cerebral perfusion during brief exposures to cyclic intermittent hypoxemia
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Xu Diqun , Hall James R. , Ross Sarah , Chen Shande , Liu Howe , Mallet Robert T. , Shi Xiangrong
Published: October 2017

Cerebral vasodilation and increased cerebral oxygen extraction help maintain cerebral oxygen uptake in the face of hypoxemia. This study examined cerebrovascular responses to intermittent hypoxemia in eight healthy men breathing 10% O2 for 5 cycles, each 6 min, interspersed with 4 min of room air breathing. Hypoxia exposures raised heart rate ( P < 0.01) without altering arterial pressure, and increased ventilation ( P < 0.01) by expanding tidal volume. Arterial oxygen saturation ([Formula: see text]) and cerebral tissue oxygenation ([Formula: see text]) fell ( P < 0.01) less appreciably in the first bout (from 97.0 ± 0.3% and 72.8 ± 1.6% to 75.5 ± 0.9% and 54.5 ± 0.9%, respectively) than the fifth bout (from 94.9 ± 0.4% and 70.8 ± 1.0% to 66.7 ± 2.3% and 49.2 ± 1.5%, respectively). Flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery ( VMCA) and cerebrovascular conductance increased in a sigmoid fashion with decreases in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. These stimulus-response curves shifted leftward and upward from the first to the fifth hypoxia bouts; thus, the centering points fell from 79.2 ± 1.4 to 74.6 ± 1.1% ( P = 0.01) and from 59.8 ± 1.0 to 56.6 ± 0.3% ( P = 0.002), and the minimum VMCA increased from 54.0 ± 0.5 to 57.2 ± 0.5 cm/s ( P = 0.0001) and from 53.9 ± 0.5 to 57.1 ± 0.3 cm/s ( P = 0.0001) for the [Formula: see text]- VMCA and [Formula: see text]- VMCA curves, respectively. Cerebral oxygen extraction increased from prehypoxia 0.22 ± 0.01 to 0.25 ± 0.02 in minute 6 of the first hypoxia bout, and remained elevated between 0.25 ± 0.01 and 0.27 ± 0.01 throughout the fifth hypoxia bout. These results demonstrate that cerebral vasodilation combined with enhanced cerebral oxygen extraction fully compensated for decreased oxygen content during acute, cyclic hypoxemia.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Five bouts of 6-min intermittent hypoxia (IH) exposures to 10% O2 progressively reduce arterial oxygen saturation ([Formula: see text]) to 67% without causing discomfort or distress. Cerebrovascular responses to hypoxemia are dynamically reset over the course of a single IH session, such that threshold and saturation for cerebral vasodilations occurred at lower [Formula: see text] and cerebral tissue oxygenation ([Formula: see text]) during the fifth vs. first hypoxia bouts. Cerebral oxygen extraction is augmented during acute hypoxemia, which compensates for decreased arterial O2 content.
Retracing your footsteps: developmental insights to spinal network plasticity following injury
Authors: Jean-Xavier C. , Sharples S. A. , Mayr K. A. , Lognon A. P. , Whelan P. J.
Published: October 2017

During development of the spinal cord, a precise interaction occurs between descending projections and sensory afferents, with spinal networks that lead to expression of coordinated motor output. In the rodent, during the last embryonic week, motor output first occurs as regular bursts of spontaneous activity, progressing to stochastic patterns of episodes that express bouts of coordinated rhythmic activity perinatally. Locomotor activity becomes functionally mature in the 2nd postnatal wk and is heralded by the onset of weight-bearing locomotion on the 8th and 9th postnatal day. Concomitantly, there is a maturation of intrinsic properties and key conductances mediating plateau potentials. In this review, we discuss spinal neuronal excitability, descending modulation, and afferent modulation in the developing rodent spinal cord. In the adult, plastic mechanisms are much more constrained but become more permissive following neurotrauma, such as spinal cord injury. We discuss parallel mechanisms that contribute to maturation of network function during development to mechanisms of pathological plasticity that contribute to aberrant motor patterns, such as spasticity and clonus, which emerge following central injury.
Six-legged walking in insects: how CPGs, peripheral feedback, and descending signals generate coordinated and adaptive motor rhythms
Authors: Bidaye Salil S. , Bockemühl Till , Büschges Ansgar
Published: October 2017

Walking is a rhythmic locomotor behavior of legged animals, and its underlying mechanisms have been the subject of neurobiological research for more than 100 years. In this article, we review relevant historical aspects and contemporary studies in this field of research with a particular focus on the role of central pattern generating networks (CPGs) and their contribution to the generation of six-legged walking in insects. Aspects of importance are the generation of single-leg stepping, the generation of interleg coordination, and how descending signals influence walking. We first review how CPGs interact with sensory signals from the leg in the generation of leg stepping. Next, we summarize how these interactions are modified in the generation of motor flexibility for forward and backward walking, curve walking, and speed changes. We then review the present state of knowledge with regard to the role of CPGs in intersegmental coordination and how CPGs might be involved in mediating descending influences from the brain for the initiation, maintenance, modification, and cessation of the motor output for walking. Throughout, we aim to specifically address gaps in knowledge, and we describe potential future avenues and approaches, conceptual and methodological, with the latter emphasizing in particular options arising from the advent of neurogenetic approaches to this field of research and its combination with traditional approaches.
Sentiment Analysis in Spanish for Improvement of Products and Services: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Paredes-Valverde Mario Andrés , Colomo-Palacios Ricardo , Salas-Zárate María del Pilar , Valencia-García Rafael
Published: October 2017

Sentiment analysis is an important area that allows knowing public opinion of the users about several aspects. This information helps organizations to know customer satisfaction. Social networks such as Twitter are important information channels because information in real time can be obtained and processed from them. In this sense, we propose a deep-learning-based approach that allows companies and organizations to detect opportunities for improving the quality of their products or services through sentiment analysis. This approach is based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and word2vec. To determine the effectiveness of this approach for classifying tweets, we conducted experiments with different sizes of a Twitter corpus composed of 100000 tweets. We obtained encouraging results with a precision of 88.7%, a recall of 88.7%, and an F-measure of 88.7% considering the complete dataset.
Automatic Supervision of Temperature, Humidity, and Luminance with an Assistant Personal Robot
Authors: Palacín Jordi , Clotet Eduard , Martínez Dani , Moreno Javier , Tresanchez Marcel
Published: October 2017

Smart environments and Ambient Intelligence (AmI) technologies are defining the future society where energy optimization and intelligent management are essential for a sustainable advance. Mobile robotics is also making an important contribution to this advance with the integration of sensors and intelligent processing algorithms. This paper presents the application of an Assistant Personal Robot (APR) as an autonomous agent for temperature, humidity, and luminance supervision in human-frequented areas. The robot multiagent capabilities allow gathering sensor information while exploring or performing specific tasks and then verifying human comfortability levels. The proposed methodology creates information maps with the distribution of temperature, humidity, and luminance and interprets such information in terms of comfort and warns about corrective actuations if required.
Prevalence of Autonomic Dysreflexia in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury above T6
Authors: Lee Eun Sun , Joo Min Cheol
Published: October 2017

Objective. To investigate the prevalence of autonomic dysreflexia (AD) using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and the autonomic dysfunction following spinal cord injury (ADFSCI) questionnaire in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) above T6.Methods. Twenty-eight patients diagnosed with SCI above T6 were enrolled. ABPM and ADFSCI were utilized to assess AD. Using ABPM, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate (HR) were measured at 30-minute intervals. AD was defined as SBP 20 mmHg higher than basal SBP, and the number of AD events was counted. The ADFSCI questionnaire evaluates the severity and frequency of the AD symptoms.Results. According to the ABPM, AD occurred in 26 patients and AD events occurred5.8±4.7times. Average daytime and nighttime SBP were119.9±18.8 mmHg and123.8±21.2 mmHg, respectively, and the nighttime mean SBP appeared to be 4 mmHg higher than daytime mean SBP. These findings suggest the loss of nocturnal BP dipping in SCI patients. ADFSCI results revealed that 16 of the patients evaluated were symptomatic while 12 were asymptomatic.Conclusion. AD following SCI above T6 was highly prevalent and several patients seemed asymptomatic. These results suggest the necessity of proper diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for managing AD.
Qualitative Recognition of Typical Loads in Low‐Speed Rotor System
Authors: Zhang Kun , Yang Zhaojian
Published: October 2017

While the load variations within the low speed rotor systems affect the operating conditions and mechanical properties, they may also provide information on machine faults. Therefore, load recognition is of great significance in operational monitoring for detecting early warning signs of failure and diagnosing faults. In this paper, five types of typical loads in a low‐speed rotor system are qualitatively analyzed. Moreover, a method is presented based on the vibration signals from a low‐speed rotor system using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), energy feature extraction, and backpropagation neural network (BPNN). A low‐speed rotor test bench was designed and manufactured for load recognition and an experiment was set up based on certain load characteristics. Loading tests for five representative categories were conducted and various vibration signals were collected simultaneously. The EEMD was shown to eliminate the mode mixing seen in traditional EMD, which resulted in a clear decomposition of the signal. Finally, the characteristics were imported into a BPNN after energy feature extraction, and the different types of load were accurately recognized. Comparing the experimental results to existing data, a total recognition rate of 92.38% was achieved, demonstrating that the proposed method is both reliable and efficient.
A Data-Driven Customer Quality of Experience System for a Cellular Network
Authors: Jung Hyunglok , Mo Jeonghoon , Park Jungju
Published: October 2017

Improving customer-perceived service quality is a critical mission of telecommunication service providers. Using 35 billion call records, we develop a call quality score model to predict customer complaint calls. The score model consists of two components: service quality score and connectivity score models. It also incorporates human psychological impacts such as the peak and end effects. We implement a large-sized data processing system that manages real-time service logs to generate quality scores at the customer level using big data processing technology and analysis techniques. The experimental results confirm the validity of the developed model in distinguishing probable complaint callers. With the adoption of the system, the first call resolution rate of the call center increased from 45% to 73%, and the field engineer dispatch rate from 46% to 25%.
Evaluation of Immunosuppressive Therapy Use for Tracheal Transplantation with Trachea-Mimetic Bellows Scaffolds in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Lee Jae Yeon , Park Jeong Hun , Son Soo Jin , Han Mina , Kim Gonhyung , Kang Seong Soo , Choi Seok Hwa , Cho Dong-Woo
Published: October 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of immunosuppressive therapy with high-dose cyclosporine, high-dose azathioprine, and a combination of low-dose cyclosporine and azathioprine after tracheal reconstruction by using a trachea-mimetic graft of polycaprolactone (PCL) bellows-type scaffold in a rabbit model. Twenty-four healthy New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. All underwent circumferential tracheal replacement using tissue-engineered tracheal graft, prepared from PCL bellows scaffold reinforced with silicone ring, collagen hydrogel, and human turbinate mesenchymal stromal cell (hTMSC) sheets. The control group (Group 1) received no medication. The three experimental groups were given daily cyclosporine intramuscular doses of 10 mg/kg (Group 2), azathioprine oral doses of 5 mg/kg (Group 3), and azathioprine oral doses of 2.5 mg/kg plus cyclosporine intramuscular doses of 5 mg/kg (Group 4) for 4 weeks or until death. Group 1 had longer survival times compared to Group 2 or Group 3. Each group except for Group 1 experienced decreases in amount of nutrition and weight loss. In addition, compared with the other groups, Group 2 had significantly increased serum interleukin-2 and interferon-γ levels 7 days after transplantation. The results of this study showed that the administration of cyclosporine and/or azathioprine after tracheal transplantation had no beneficial effects. Furthermore, the administration of cyclosporine had side effects, including extreme weight loss, respiratory distress, and diarrhea. Therefore, cyclosporine and azathioprine avoidance may be recommended for tracheal reconstruction using a native trachea-mimetic graft of PCL bellows-type scaffold in a rabbit model.
Experimental Study on Variation Rules of Damping with Influential Factors of Tuned Liquid Column Damper
Authors: Yu Yang , Xu Lixin , Zhang Liang
Published: October 2017

A tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) is a more effective form of passive control for structural vibration suppression and may be promising for floating platform applications. To achieve good damping effects for a TLCD under actual working conditions, factors that influence the damping characteristics need to be identified. In this study, the relationships between head loss coefficients and other factors such as the total length of the liquid column, opening ratio, Reynolds number, Kc number, and horizontal length of the liquid column were experimentally investigated. By using a hydraulic vibration table, a vibration test system with large-amplitude motion simulation, low-frequency performance, and large stroke force (displacement) control is devised with a simple operation and at low cost. Based on the experimental method of uniform design, a series of experimental studies were conducted to determine the quantitative relationships between the head loss coefficient and other factors. In addition, regression analyses indicated the importance of each factor affecting the head loss coefficient. A rapid design strategy of TLCD head loss coefficient is proposed. This strategy can help people conveniently and efficiently adjust the head loss coefficient to a specified value to effectively suppress vibration.
SenStick: Comprehensive Sensing Platform with an Ultra Tiny All-In-One Sensor Board for IoT Research
Authors: Nakamura Yugo , Arakawa Yutaka , Kanehira Takuya , Fujiwara Masashi , Yasumoto Keiichi
Published: October 2017

We propose a comprehensive sensing platform called SenStick, which is composed of hardware (ultra tiny all-in-one sensor board), software (iOS, Android, and PC), and 3D case data. The platform aims to allow all the researchers to start IoT research, such as activity recognition and context estimation, easily and efficiently. The most important contribution is the hardware that we have designed. Various sensors often used for research are embedded in an ultra tiny board with the size of 50 mm (W) × 10 mm (H) × 5 mm (D) and weight around 3 g including a battery. Concretely, the following sensors are embedded on this board: acceleration, gyro, magnetic, light, UV, temperature, humidity, and pressure. In addition, this board has BLE (Bluetooth low energy) connectivity and capability of a rechargeable battery. By using 110 mAh battery, it can run more than 15 hours. The most different point from other similar boards is that our board has a large flash memory for logging all the data without a smartphone. By using SenStick, all the users can collect various data easily and focus on IoT data analytics. In this paper, we introduce SenStick platform and some case studies. Through the user study, we confirmed the usefulness of our proposed platform.
Surgical Treatment with Locoregional Flaps for the Eyelid: A Review
Authors: Lo Torto Federico , Losco Luigi , Bernardini Nicoletta , Greco Manfredi , Scuderi Gianluca , Ribuffo Diego
Published: October 2017

Reconstruction of the eyelids after skin cancer excision can be challenging. Surgical treatment options are multiple; deep anatomy knowledge of lamellar components is mandatory to choose the most adequate surgical planning. Eyelids’ role in vision and social relationship is critical; both function and aesthetics are tough to restore. Using a flap provides a satisfying texture and colour match with adjacent tissues and ensures short contraction during healing; furthermore, grafts are sometimes necessary to achieve pleasing results. Hundreds of surgical techniques have been described aiming for eyelid reconstruction; in our paper, we want to provide for our audience the most reliable and useful procedures for subtotal and total eyelid reconstruction following NMSC full-thickness excision.
The Effects of Interdot Spacing and Dot Size on the Performance of InGaAs/GaAs QDIBSC
Authors: Amin Sayeda Anika , Hasan Md. Tanvir , Islam Muhammad Shaffatul
Published: October 2017

In0.53Ga0.47As/GaAs-based quantum dot intermediate band solar cells (QDIBSCs) have been designed and optimized for the next generation photovoltaic technology. The wave behavior of charge carriers inside the dot and their barrier have been analyzed with different dot sizes and interdot spacing. The device characteristics such as short circuit current density, Jsc, open circuit voltage, Voc, and conversion efficiency, η, have been evaluated. Based on the behavior of electron wave function, it is found that varying the dot spacing leads to a change in the IB width and in the density of states, whereas varying the size of dots leads to a formation of a second IB. For a fixed dot spacing, two ranges of dot sizes vary the number of IBs in In0.53Ga0.47As/GaAs QDIBSC. Smaller dots of a size ranging from 2 nm to 5 nm form a single IB while larger dots of a size ranging from 6 nm to 9 nm can produce 2 IBs. The efficiency of 2 IBs close to 1 IB suggests that formation of multiple IBs can possibly enhance the device efficiency.
Prospective Feasibility Trial for Genomics-Informed Treatment in Recurrent and Progressive Glioblastoma
Authors: Byron Sara A. , Tran Nhan L. , Halperin Rebecca F. , Phillips Joanna J. , Kuhn John G. , de Groot John F. , Colman Howard , Ligon Keith L. , Wen Patrick Y. , Cloughesy Timothy F. , Mellinghoff Ingo K. , Butowski Nicholas A. , Taylor Jennie W. , Clarke Jennifer L. , Chang Susan M. , Berger Mitchel S. , Molinaro Annette M. , Maggiora Gerald M. , Peng Sen , Nasser Sara , Liang Winnie S. , Trent Jeffrey M. , Berens Michael E. , Carpten John D. , Craig David W. , Prados Michael D.
Published: October 2017

Purpose: Glioblastoma is an aggressive and molecularly heterogeneous cancer with few effective treatment options. We hypothesized that next-generation sequencing can be used to guide treatment recommendations within a clinically acceptable time frame following surgery for patients with recurrent glioblastoma.

Experimental Design: We conducted a prospective genomics-informed feasibility trial in adults with recurrent and progressive glioblastoma. Following surgical resection, genome-wide tumor/normal exome sequencing and tumor RNA sequencing were performed to identify molecular targets for potential matched therapy. A multidisciplinary molecular tumor board issued treatment recommendations based on the genomic results, blood–brain barrier penetration of the indicated therapies, drug–drug interactions, and drug safety profiles. Feasibility of generating genomics-informed treatment recommendations within 35 days of surgery was assessed.

Results: Of the 20 patients enrolled in the study, 16 patients had sufficient tumor tissue for analysis. Exome sequencing was completed for all patients, and RNA sequencing was completed for 14 patients. Treatment recommendations were provided within the study's feasibility time frame for 15 of 16 (94%) patients. Seven patients received treatment based on the tumor board recommendations. Two patients reached 12-month progression-free survival, both adhering to treatments based on the molecular profiling results. One patient remained on treatment and progression free 21 months after surgery, 3 times longer than the patient's previous time to progression. Analysis of matched nonenhancing tissue from 12 patients revealed overlapping as well as novel putatively actionable genomic alterations.

Conclusions: Use of genome-wide molecular profiling is feasible and can be informative for guiding real-time, central nervous system–penetrant, genomics-informed treatment recommendations for patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res; 24(2); 295–305. ©2017 AACR.

See related commentary by Wick and Kessler, p. 256
Circulating Tumor Cells from Different Vascular Sites Exhibit Spatial Heterogeneity in Epithelial and Mesenchymal Composition and Distinct Clinical Significance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Sun Yun-Fan , Guo Wei , Xu Yang , Shi Yin-Hong , Gong Zi-Jun , Ji Yuan , Du Min , Zhang Xin , Hu Bo , Huang Ao , Chen George G. , Lai Paul B.S. , Cao Ya , Qiu Shuang-Jian , Zhou Jian , Yang Xin-Rong , Fan Jia
Published: October 2017

Purpose: The spatial heterogeneity of phenotypic and molecular characteristics of CTCs within the circulatory system remains unclear. Herein, we mapped the distribution and characterized biological features of CTCs along the transportation route in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Experimental Design: In 73 localized HCC patients, blood was drawn from peripheral vein (PV), peripheral artery (PA), hepatic veins (HV), infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IHIVC), and portal vein (PoV) before tumor resection. Epithelial and mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype in CTCs were analyzed by a 4-channel immunofluorescence CellSearch assay and microfluidic quantitative RT-PCR. The clinical significance of CTCs from different vascular sites was evaluated.

Results: The CTC number and size gradient between tumor efferent vessels and postpulmonary peripheral vessels was marked. Tracking the fate of CTC clusters revealed that CTCs displayed an aggregated–singular-aggregated manner of spreading. Single-cell characterization demonstrated that EMT status of CTCs was heterogeneous across different vascular compartments. CTCs were predominantly epithelial at release, but switched to EMT-activated phenotype during hematogeneous transit via Smad2 and β-catenin related signaling pathways. EMT activation in primary tumor correlated with total CTC number at HV, rather than epithelial or EMT-activated subsets of CTCs. Follow-up analysis suggested that CTC and circulating tumor microemboli burden in hepatic veins and peripheral circulation prognosticated postoperative lung metastasis and intrahepatic recurrence, respectively.

Conclusions: The current data suggested that a profound spatial heterogeneity in cellular distribution and biological features existed among CTCs during circulation. Multivascular measurement of CTCs could help to reveal novel mechanisms of metastasis and facilitate prediction of postoperative relapse or metastasis pattern in HCC. Clin Cancer Res; 24(3); 547–59. ©2017 AACR.