bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic test of laminated veneer lumber elastic modulus and its probability distribution
Authors: Xie Wenbo , Wang Zi , Zhang Zhiqiang , Wang Zheng
Published: June 2021

The vibrational frequency method was used to measure the elastic modulus of laminated veneer lumber (LVL), and the feasibility of using Weibull distribution to analyze the elastic modulus data of LVL was considered. Samples were randomly selected as test pieces at the factory. The sponge support structure was used to realize the free beam state, and the modal test results verified the accuracy of realizing the free beam. Under transient excitation, the elastic modulus of the specimen was obtained by testing the first-order bending frequency. The Weibull distribution fitting test, Weibull distribution K-S test, and normal distribution K-S test were used for the test data. The probability of LVL elastic modulus was calculated under a given value. The results showed that the LVL elastic modulus did not obey the two-parameter Weibull distribution (Eu=0). The LVL elastic modulus fit to the three-parameter Weibull distribution (Eu) was greater than half of the minimum test value and the normal distribution. When 9 GPa and 8 GPa were used as the setting values of Eu, the calculated probability value was relatively stable. At this time, Eu was 81% and 92% of the minimum elastic modulus 9.815 GPa. Therefore, it was recommended to use 80% to 90% of the minimum value of the measured data as the setting value of the position parameter Eu. The three-parameter Weibull distribution and the normal distribution calculated LVL elastic modulus have the same probability under the given value.
Anticancer evaluation of di- and trifunctional substituted 1,3-thiazoles
Authors: Turov Kostyantyn , Mitiukhin Оleg , Chumachenko Svitlana , Zyabrev Vladimir , Brovarets Volodymyr
Published: June 2021

Anticancer activity of a series of polyfunctional substituted 1,3-thiazoles has been studied within the international scientific program “NCI-60 Human Tumor Cell Lines Screen”. Screening was performed in vitro on 60 cell lines of lungs, kidneys, CNS, ovaries, prostate, and breast cancer, epithelial cancer, leukemia, and melanoma. The most effective compounds were those with a piperazine substituent at C2 of the 1,3-thiazole cycle: 1-(4-((4-methylphenyl)-sulfonyl)-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)piperazine (average lg GI50 = -5.87, lg TGI = -5.54, lg LC50 = -5.21), 1-(2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-4-((4-methylpheyl)sulfonyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)piperazine (average lg GI50 = -5.66, lg TGI = -5.26, lg LC50 = -4.83), and 1-(2,4-bis((4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)piperazine (average lg GI50 = -5.67, lg TGI = -5.21, lg LC5050 = -4.67).
Collaborative Reactivation of the Built Environment: A Socio-cultural Perspective
Authors: Fanzini Daniele , Rotaru Irina , De Cocinis Angelo , Achille Cristiana , Tommasi Cinzia
Published: June 2021

This paper focuses on the relationship between the reactivation of the built environment and social innovation. This theme is investigated through the triad: "project, technology and creativity", which at the operational level of research, leads to the paradigm of the active protection of patrimony. The research documents possible ways of using common goods to produce lasting socio-spatial effects, strengthening the ecosystem of creative and cultural businesses and contributing to qualitative improvement. The aim is to understand how it is possible to trigger a virtuous renewal process of both the content activities and the containing structures, combining the production of new culture and the regeneration of spaces. This process should be nourished by the continuous exchange between tangible and intangible culture, public and private interest and the crossover between old and new cultural production. Special attention is given to initiatives that support the renewal of vocations and the building of new strategies for various realities in crisis.
Parametricism, Heuristics and Co-Creation in the Arts of Design
Authors: Uribe Mendoza Bernardo
Published: June 2021

In 2008, architect Patrick Schuhmacher, from Zaha Hadid Architects, proposed an architectural manifesto for the 21st century, extendable to other arts of design and even to other areas of technological and artistic activity in which the human factor is associated with creation: Parametricism. In the subsequent debate, problems such as those of a new style as produce of digital technologies, and the totalizing claims of a design theory based on Niklas Luhmann’s postulates on his General Systems theory, have been repeatedly discussed. In this article, the topics of the Parametricism manifesto associated with the human factor and creation in design in the current technological environments, have been extrapolated to its plausible revision from the heuristics discipline perspective and to a possible re-definition of the co-creation concept in the arts developed by the Informal Art Movement of the mid-XX Century.
A flexible and concerned European Union – A new proposal
Authors: Dallago Bruno , Rosefielde Steven
Published: June 2021

The paper proposes the construction of a multi-speed, multi-track and multi-level European Union framework as a way to increase the flexibility of the integration process and facilitate inter-country conflict resolution. The paper shows that this malleable framework is superior, even for sensitive macroeconomic spillover issues like monetary union and immigration.
Competitiveness in the Serbian growth strategy
Authors: Ćorović Enes , Gligorijević Živorad
Published: June 2021

The paper focuses on the effects of the reformed growth strategy on the competitiveness of the Serbian manufacturing industry during the period of 2007–2016. The paper applies the analytical tools devised by the International Trade Centre, as well as Balassa's RCA Index and some other methodologies. All indicators point to similar conclusion: the reformed growth model would significantly contribute to the improvement of Serbian competitiveness. The starting point of Serbia is also clear: small gross investment volume and a low average growth rate.
Health-related quality of life of COPD patients aged over 40 years
Authors: Fazekas-Pongor V. , Fekete M. , Balazs P. , Árva D. , Pénzes M. , Tarantini S. , Urbán R. , Varga J.T.
Published: June 2021

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth most frequent disease globally, and its worldwide prevalence is projected to increase in the following decades. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of COPD patients depends on multiple factors.

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify the most important risk factors affecting HRQOL of COPD patients and to measure how specific clinical parameters can predict HRQOL.

Methods

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study combined with clinical data was conducted among patients diagnosed with COPD (n = 321, 52.6% females, mean age 66.4 ± 9.5) at the National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest in 2019–2020. The inclusion criteria were age ≥40 years and existing COPD. Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted on three components of the COPD-specific Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ-C) and on the physical (PCS) and mental component scales (MCS) of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of patient and disease characteristics on COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scores.

Results

We found that frequent exacerbations, multiple comorbidities and tobacco smoking were associated with worse HRQOL. Engaging in more frequent physical activity and better 6-minute walking distance results were associated with better HRQOL.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that the complex therapy of COPD should focus not only on improving lung functions and preventing exacerbation, but also on treating comorbidities, encouraging increased physical activity, and supporting smoking cessation to assure better HRQOL for patients.
Tren Baru Islam melalui Gerakan Hijrah: Studi Kasus Shift Pemuda Hijrah
Authors: Setia Paelani , Dilawati Rika
Published: June 2021

This article aims to discuss the strategy of the hijrah movement in utilizing the hijrah trend in urban areas. This study takes a case study on the religious youth movement, the Youth Hijrah Movement (Shift) in Bandung City, in actualizing Islamic values that are packaged in a contemporary way according to the millennial generation. The research method used is qualitative by exploring understanding and responses through interviews with administrators, members, and congregations regarding Shift's contribution in spreading Islam conventionally and through social media platforms. The results of this study state that Shift takes advantage of the trend of migration due to the phenomenon of urban youth spirituality drought through interesting and useful religious programs for the wider community. The Shift is a manifestation of the existence of a Cyber Islamic Environment or an Islamic cyber environment in cyberspace that is used to convey Islamic messages. The activities of the Shift movement that are packaged on social media platforms and their interactions with the congregation are the new face of Islam in cyberspace. In addition, to accommodate traditional religious traditions such as Islamic boarding schools, the Shift also makes symbolic efforts to use its learning methods like an Islamic boarding school.
Radikalisme Atas Nama Agama dalam Perspektif Intelektual Muda di Tengah Realitas Multikultural
Authors: Lestari Gina
Published: June 2021

The reality of Indonesian multiculturalism is the fortune and wealth as far as its diversity is recognized, internalized, and responded with tolerance. If plurality becomes the separator that forms the symbol of a group and personal ego, then plurality becomes the cause of dispute, intolerance, and even radicalism. The cases of violence in the name of religion target all levels of society, including young intellectuals. This study aims to observe the scholar's perspective on radicalism in the name of religion in multicultural reality. The samples were 649 fourth semesters scholars in ITB, UNPAD, UPI, UIN Sunan Gunung Jati, UNPAS, UNISBA, and POLBAN in 2012. According to the research, most of the students have a good multicultural understanding. 65% of respondents have an awareness of accepting and appreciating differences, and 63% accept and appreciate differences in religious activities. Only 2% (almost always) and 32% (sometimes) commit acts of discrimination. However, half of the respondents (42% slightly agree and 8% agree) have an intolerant view. 21% of respondents slightly agree, and 3% agreed to view jihad as synonymous with violence. Surprisingly, 22% of respondents slightly agree, and 3% agreed to interpret jihad as terrorism. Moreover, 15% of respondents slightly agree, and 2% agreed to view suicide bombing as an act of jihad. Young intellectuals should have a clear understanding of jihad both etymologically or epistemologically. Overcoming the phenomenon of radicalism must depart from the core of the problems. One method is de-radicalization to straighten out a narrow-minded in a friendly, tolerant, peaceful, and humane way in the social, political, economic, and educational fields.
A Third Century AD Burial Vault with Multiple Burials at the Cemetery of Opushki
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Khrapunov Igor , Stoyanova Anastasiya ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2021

The cemetery of Opushki is located at 15 km to the east of modern Simferopol, in the central area of the Crimean foothills. The site has been being excavated since 2003. So far more than 300 graves of various types have been uncovered. They belong to the Late Scythian, Middle Sarmatian, and Late Sarmatian archaeological cultures. There is one cremation complex appeared as a result of the Germanic migration to the Crimea. The complex under present publication belongs to a large group of burial vaults with a short dromos (entry corridor) of the Late Roman period; this type of crypts is found in various cemeteries of the Crimean foothills. Burial constructions of this type are associated with the mediaeval Alans’ ancestors who migrated to the Crimea from the North Caucasus. Although the earliest crypts featuring dromos appeared in the foothill area of the Crimean Peninsula in the first half of the 3rd century AD, most of burials in these constructions were made in the fourth century AD. Burial vault no. 158 has two interesting features. It contains multiple burials typical for the Late Scythian vaults of the 1st and the first half of the 2nd centuries. Such a phenomenon is encountered for the first time in the Late Roman vault. According to the analysis of the grave goods, the complex under study is one of the earliest or even the earliest short-dromos vault discovered in the Crimea. It was constructed in the second half (or at the end) of 2nd or very early 3rd century AD and was in use throughout the first half of the 3rd century. The results of research of this burial construction supply new materials for the solution of highly disputable problem of the Crimean vaults with short dromos origin and of the reconstruction of ethnic processes in the Crimea in the Late Roman period.
Archaeological Complexes from Catacomb of South Kazakhstan in the Context of Sarmatian Themes
Authors:   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Podushkin Alexandr
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to archaeological research of new discovered burial structures in the form of catacomb at the Kylyshzhar cemetery (1st century BC – 3rd century AD), in which artifacts were found similar to the monuments of the Sarmatian appearance. They include a number of ritual actions and burial implements close to the burial practice of the Sarmatians: range and blade weapons (iron tang daggers with a stone pommel, arrowheads), horse tack (iron girth buckles), bronze mirrors, household items and ritual objects (iron buckles, chalk amulets), jewelry (Egyptian faience ribbed beads). The characteristics of the grave goods from the catacombs of the Kylyshzhar cemetery, chronological calculations and ethno cultural interpretations indicate partial similarity between mentioned burials and the Sarmatian monuments of the 1st century BC – 3rd century AD despite major differences in such significant details of the funeral rite as the construction of burial pits and the orientation of the buried ones.
About Determining the Meaning of the Ethnonyms “Sauromatians” and “Sarmatians”
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Skripkin Anatoly
Published: June 2021

The tendency to transfer the early names of peoples to the later inhabitants of same places was characteristic for the historical and geographical genres of ancient literature, regardless of the kinship between them. In that way the ethnonym “Sauromatians” was used to name certain groups of the Eastern European steppes nomads until the first centuries AD, although an analysis of all the sources, including archaeological ones, suggests that Sauromatians cease to exist as an independent ethno political formation since the middle of 4th century BC, perhaps a little earlier. The reason for that was the migration of the South Ural nomads who had occupied the territory that previously belonged to the Sauromatians. Simultaneously with that process, a new ethnonym “Sirmati”, associated with Tanais (Don), appears in the works of ancient authors. The names “Sarmatia” and “Sarmatians” start to be mentioned increasingly since the 3rd century BC in written sources, including epigraphic ones. I believe, that indicates emerging of a new nomadic unity led by the Sarmatians east of the Don, located in the Volga-Ural steppes, existed before the beginning or middle of the 2nd century BC. Its disintegration is associated with the migrations of the first half – middle of the 2nd century BC, with the epicenter in Central Asia. These events led to significant changes in the ethnic composition of the population between Caspian Sea and the Dnieper, recorded by Strabo. Separate ethno-tribal associations were located here: Aors, Siraks, Roksolans, later Yazygs, Alans, with their own history and destiny, but all of them were often continued to be called Sarmatians in written sources. All this should be taken into account by modern researchers, since uncritical approach to the ancient authors often leads to incorrect historical reconstructions.
Swords and Daggers Without a Metal Pommel from the Meotian Sites of the Right Bank of the Kuban
Authors:   Kuban State University, Limberis Natalya , Marchenko Ivan ,   Kuban State University, Kondratenko Artem ,   Kuban State University
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to typology and chronology of swords and daggers without a metal pommel from the Maeotian cemeteries of the right bank of the Kuban. We took into account 57 pieces of this type of weapon from closed complexes. In this paper, we use the typological scheme of A.M. Khazanov, developed on the materials of the Sarmatian armament. The Maeotian swords and daggers of mentioned group are divided into three types: 1 – swords and daggers with a rain-guard; 2 – swords and daggers without a rain-guard, the blade and the hilt make an obtuse angle; 3 – swords and daggers without rain-guards, the blade and the hilt make a right angle. Metal tangs of hilts differ by shape and size; thus they are divided into two variants: “a” – rectangular or triangular; “b” – a long pin. The swords of the “a” variant had wooden overlays on the handles, sometimes fastened with rivets or winding, and the handles of the “b” variant swords were mounted on a tang. Chronological dating of the burials indicates that bladed weapon of this type appears among the Maeotians of the Kuban right bank in the beginning of the 1st cent. AD and remains there until the middle of the 3rd cent. AD. And the main time of its use is the 1–2 cent. A.D. Swords and daggers of all types from Maeotian assemblages have existed at the same time, just like ones from the Sarmatian burials of the Lower Volga region. But, unlike the Sarmatian sites with no predominance of any particular sword type, the Maeotians show clear advantage of type 2 blades.
Gold Settings with Inlays from Kosika
Authors:   German Archaeological Institute, Treister Mikhail
Published: June 2021

The article dwells on the finds in the burial of the Sarmatian skeptuchos of the 1st century BC near Kosika on the Lower Volga of the gold settings, decorated using the cloisonné technique and with inlays of emeralds and glass of different colors. Three of them with inlays in the cloisonné technique, which find parallels among jewelry from the Artyukhov Burial-mound and Asia Minor, are probably dating back to the 2nd century BC, and could originally decorate various objects. 18 other settings are characterized by the absence of loops on the rear or holes for stringing, which excludes their use as elements of necklaces or diadems. These settings find analogies among the finds from the tomb in the Burial-mound A in Karalar in Central Anatolia, in which the Galatian king Sinorix, the father of Deiotaros I (ca. 120–41/40 BC) and the grandfather of Deiotaros II the Younger (Philopator), died in the battle under Philippi in 42 BC, was possibly buried. Like by the settings from Karalar, a significant number of settings from Kosika are decorated with green inlays of emerald and beryl, which were widely used in jewelry of the Late Hellenistic and Early Imperial periods. Along with other unique items from the burial on the Lower Volga, gold settings with inlays, most likely used in the interior decoration of the grave or in the decoration of the bone handle of the ceremonial dagger, emphasize the belonging of the burial to the highest rank of the Sarmatian elite.
GC-MS based metabolite profiling and antioxidant activity of solvent extracts of Allium chinense G Don leaves
Authors: RHETSO Thejanuo , SESHADRI Roopa M. , RAMNATH Shubharani , VENKATARAMEGOWDA Sivaram
Published: June 2021

Allium chinense, a main source of “Xiebai” drug in Chinese traditional medicine and commonly known as Ganoderma lucidum belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. The main focus of this research was to quantify the secondary metabolites, antioxidant potential and study the GC- MS based metabolite profile of different solvent leaf extracts of A. chinense. The reports on the bioactive compounds of A. chinense leaves are still insufficient compared to the bulb; hence this study was carried out to understand the bioactive compounds present in A. chinense leaves using different solvents of varying polarity. Our investigation showed that the ethanol extract contained the highest saponin, flavonoid, phenol, and DPPH scavenging activity. Further, metabolite profiling revealed a total of forty-eight compounds, indicating a diverse range of phytochemicals present in the four extracts. The highest number of compounds were observed in ethanol extract (15) followed by chloroform extract (13), petroleum ether extract (11) and methanol extract (9). Some of the major compounds identified in the four solvents are octacosane (27.11%), heptadecane (19.66%), eicosane (18.51%), ethyl palmitate (18.50%), phytol (17.68%) and phytol acetate (17.30%). In conclusion, this study highlights that A. chinense leaf extracts contain high saponins, terpenes and alkanes which could be a potential source of a new beneficial drug.
Nutritional composition and FT-IR functional group analysis of pharaoh cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) from Puducherry coastal waters, India
Authors: KAVIPRIYA Jeacoumar , RAVITCHANDIRANE Vaithilingam
Published: June 2021

The nutritional composition and functional groups of the edible portion of the most often utilized cuttlefish, Sepia pharaonis of Puducherry coastal waters, India was evaluated. Moisture is the basic component of the mantle with 82.45±0.15% followed by a good source of 14.5±0.1% protein. The ash, lipid, and carbohydrates were found less than 1%. The energetic value of the mantle of cuttlefish S. pharaonis is calculated as 6.06 KJ/g. Na and K were found in considerable quantities of 2772 and 3247 mg/kg respectively and the Na/K ratio (0.85) was less than 1. The amount of Zn, Mn, B, Al, Sr, and As was found to be relatively high when compared to a low or insignificant level of Cu, Mo, Se, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Hg. The fatty acid profile analysis revealed that it contains 71.67% saturated fatty acids,17.87% polyunsaturated fatty acids and 10.38% monounsaturated fatty acids. In all three types, the C16:0 palmitic acid (40.29%), C18:0 stearic acid (16.54%), and C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid (13.52%) represented as the dominant fatty acids. The FT-IR analysis disclosed the presence of various functional groups belonging to protein, lipids, and polysaccharides. Thus, the present study proved that the cuttlefish S. pharaonis is considered as a potential nutraceutical and the right choice of food for greater and wider human consumption.
Apomictic development during different flower development stages in Crataegus tanacetifolia (Lam.) Pers., endemic to Turkey
Authors: ÇETİNBAŞ-GENÇ Aslıhan , ÜNAL Meral
Published: June 2021

In this study, aposporic apomictic development and its relation to the different flower development stages were investigated by light and fluorescence microscopy in Crataegus tanacetifolia (Lam.) Pers. (Rosaceae). At pre-anthesis stage, aposporic initial cell differentiated at the somatic nucellus tissue shortly after the megaspore mother cell formation. The volume of aposporic initial cell increased during the generation of dyad and megaspore tetrad respectively by regular meiosis. At this stage, linear megaspore tetrad and vacuolated aposporic initial cell were located side by side into the same ovule. At anthesis stage, before pollination, four nucleated aposporic embryo sac was formed while sexual development came to end by atrophy of megaspores completely. At this stage, atrophied megaspores and two nucleated aposporic embryo sac were located side by side into the same ovule. At post-anthesis stage, pollination still had not begun and ovule contained only eight nucleated aposporic embryo sac. Mature aposporic embryo sac was composed of two synergid cells and one egg cell on the micropylar side, three antipodal cells on the chalazal side and a central cell with two polar nuclei in the middle of the sac. The absence of filiform apparatus in the synergid cells was quite remarkable. No callose accumulation around the aposporic initial cell was observed in any development stage. Pollination started shortly after the proembryo formation. Embryo and endosperm developed without fertilization due to the problems encountered in reaching pollen tubes to the ovary.
Morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses to NaCl-induced salt stress in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) varieties
Authors: MANKAR Ganesh D. , WAYASE Uttam R. , SHELKE Deepak B. , NIKAM Tukaram D. , BARMUKH Rajkumar B.
Published: June 2021

Seventeen mungbean varieties [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] were subjected to 100-400 mM salinity stress at the germination stage, and the indices of seed germination and early seedling growth were analysed. With the increasing salinity, seed germination and seedling growth attributes were affected in all varieties. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of varietal responses on the germination and seeding growth attributes at 400 mM NaCl separated seventeen varieties into four distinct clusters. Principal component analysis at lower salt stress levels indicated that the attributes of germination and early seedling growth are reliable to identify salt-tolerant mungbean varieties. In contrast, only germination attributes are reliable at higher salinity levels. Two salt-susceptible and salt-tolerant varieties were further assessed for NaCl-induced physiological and biochemical changes. Levels of proteins, secondary metabolites, osmolyte, and antioxidants were increased at lower salt concentrations but reduced at higher salt concentrations. Photosynthetic pigments decreased and membrane damage increased under salinity. Varieties that showed tolerance to salt stress can be used in salinity-affected agriculture fields after validating their salt tolerance in field experiments.
The effects of methanol and amino acid glycine betaine on qualitative characteristics and yield of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars
Authors: KHOSHKHARAM Mehdi , SHAHRAJABIAN Mohamad H. , ESFANDIARY Mehrdad
Published: June 2021

In order to investigate the effects of methanol and glycine betaine application on quality traits and yield of different fodder beet cultivars, the experiment was performed as a combined split-factorial design based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications in two years in Isfahan, Iran. The concentrations of methanol in 3 levels (control, 15 and 30% v/v methanol) were considered as the first treatment, the concentrations of glycine betaine in 2 levels (control and 4 g per liter) as the second treatment and different cultivars (‘Sentinel’, ‘Drafter’, ‘Rivolta’, ‘Elanta’, ‘Rasta’, and ‘Qualita’) were considered as the factorial. Foliar spraying was performed at three intervals every two weeks. The results showed that the methanol spraying affected on root yield, sugar, potassium and sodium content, catalase enzyme activity, superoxide dismutase, rubisco, and malondialdehyde significantly. Glycine betaine foliar application showed significant differences in root yield, sugar, potassium and sodium content, enzyme catalase activity, superoxide dismutase, rubisco, and malondialdehyde. Based on the results, the utilization of methanol and glycine betaine caused quality improvement of the sugar beet under similar conditions of the present experiment.
Biodiversity of orb-web spiders (family: araneidae) of buner valley, Pakistan
Authors: Luqman L. , Saeed K. , Muhammad K. , Ahmad M. S. , Akbar F. , Rasool A. , Israr M. , Jabeen H. , Mehmood S. A. , Ahmed S. , Alam A. , Ullah S. , Saeed N. , Usman K. , Hussain I. , El Halim Hesham M. Abd , Khan W. , Shah M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract The present research was carried out to explore the spider fauna of Buner valley with taxonomic study from February 2018 to January 2019. For this purpose samples were collected, four times at each month from 4 tehsils: Daggar, Gagra, Mandan and Totalai. Two methods were used, hand picking and sweep net for collection of samples. During day and night, three habitats, arid area, agriculture land and building area were search for collection. A total of 534 samples of spider were collected from four sampling sites, in which 379 were belonging to family Araniedae. After confirmation, the identified species were belonging to 8 genera (Neoscona, Argiope, Cyclosa, Araneus, Cyrtophora, Larinia, Erivoxia and Poltys) and 19 species. 18 of them were identified to specie level while a single specie to its generic level. The genus Neoscona was the dominant genus 26.31% having 5 species while the genus Argiope 21.05% is the second dominant having 4 species followed by Cyclosa 15.78% having 3 species followed by Cyrtophora and Araneus 10.52% having two species both. The Poltys and Larinia 5.26% are the rarest genera represent single-single specie both. Statistical analysis show that specie richness (D) = 5.77, Simpson index (1-D) = 0.87, Shannon index (H) = 2.33. Diversity of spiders was evenly distributed and calculated Evenness value was H/InS = 0.5408. There is also few atypical species and Fisher alpha estimate high value (Fisher α) = 4.42. Chao-1 estimated we have reported 22 species.
Taxonomic, morphometric and limnological assessment of the commercially important ichthyofauna of Sakhakot Stream, Malakand, Pakistan
Authors: Attaullah M. , Ullah U. , Ilahi I. , Ahmad N. , Rahman F.U. , Ullah J. , Dad O. , Amin M. , Hassan H. U. , Ullah R. , Buneri I. D.
Published: June 2021

Abstract The present study was conducted for the taxonomic, morphometric and limnological assessment of the commercially important ichthyofauna of Sakhakot Stream, Malakand, Pakistan. The study area was divided into three sites along the water course namely Dargai Stream, Sakhakot Stream and Shergarh Stream. Fish samples were collected randomly during January to August 2017 with the help of fish gears. A taxonomic key was designed for the collected fish specimens. Ten fish species were identified belonging to 3 orders and 4 families. Family Cyprinidae was the dominant family with seven representative species while families Siluridae, Nemacheilidae and Mastacembelidae were represented by one species each. Lower mean total length and standard length was recorded in Puntius conchonius (Hamilton, 1822) as 9.2 ± 0.6 cm and 7.3 ± 0.6 cm respectively, while highest mean total length and standard length was recorded in Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede, 1800) as 28.1 ± 1.7 cm and 15.9 ± 2.4 cm respectively. Mean pH of the water ranged from 6.1 at Shergarh Stream in August to 8.7 at Sakhakot Stream in January. Average temperature range was recorded from 10.9 °C in January at Dargai Stream to 18.7 °C in August at Shergarh Stream. No statistically significant difference was found for temperature (p = 0.96) and pH (p = 0.14) in the three water streams. The present study will provide a baseline for the rearing and enhancement of wild stock of the commercially important ichthyofauna in the field of aquaculture and fisheries.
Declarative Algorithms and Complexity Results for Assumption-Based Argumentation
Authors: Lehtonen Tuomo , Wallner Johannes P. , Järvisalo Matti
Published: June 2021

The study of computational models for argumentation is a vibrant area of artificial intelligence and, in particular, knowledge representation and reasoning research. Arguments most often have an intrinsic structure made explicit through derivations from more basic structures. Computational models for structured argumentation enable making the internal structure of arguments explicit. Assumption-based argumentation (ABA) is a central structured formalism for argumentation in AI. In this article, we make both algorithmic and complexity-theoretic advances in the study of ABA. In terms of algorithms, we propose a new approach to reasoning in a commonly studied fragment of ABA (namely the logic programming fragment) with and without preferences. While previous approaches to reasoning over ABA frameworks apply either specialized algorithms or translate ABA reasoning to reasoning over abstract argumentation frameworks, we develop a direct declarative approach to ABA reasoning by encoding ABA reasoning tasks in answer set programming. We show via an extensive empirical evaluation that our approach significantly improves on the empirical performance of current ABA reasoning systems. In terms of computational complexity, while the complexity of reasoning over ABA frameworks is well-understood, the complexity of reasoning in the ABA+ formalism integrating preferences into ABA is currently not fully established. Towards bridging this gap, our results suggest that the integration of preferential information into ABA via so-called reverse attacks results in increased problem complexity for several central argumentation semantics.
Change-point detection: application of Cusum method to real life data
Authors: Katchekpele Edoh , Kpanzou Tchilabalo Abozou , Ouédraogo Jean-Etienne Ouindllassida
Published: June 2021

Several procedures have been developed for the detection of abrupt changes in time series. Among these procedures, it can be mentioned the Cumulative Sum (Cusum) type method. It is in such a perspective that Katchekpele et al. (2017) proposed a method using a Cusum type test to detect a change-point in the unconditional variance of the generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity(GARCH) models. The aim of this paper is to present an application of their technique. After briefly recalling how the test statistic was constructed, the change-point detection algorithm is given and it is shown how it is applied to some real life data.
Haydarpaşa’da Gün Işığına Çıkarılan Abdülmecid Han Çeşmesi ve Sarnıcı ile Halid Ağa Çeşmesi Kitâbesi
Authors: BİNAY Hasan , EKİM Zeynep Emel
Published: June 2021

1839 yılında Sultan Abdülmecid’in ihya ettiği Halid Ağa Çeşmesi’nin adı değiştirilerek

Abdülmecid Han Çeşmesi olmuştur. 1902 senesinde günümüzdeki Haydarpaşa’daki yerine

taşınmış ve çeşme zamanla yol kotu altında kalmıştır. Haydarpaşa Tren İstasyonu

alanında, “Marmaray Projesi Gebze-Halkalı Banliyö Hattı İyileştirmesi” kapsamında,

İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzeleri denetiminde 2018 senesinde “Haydarpaşa Garı Arkeolojik

Kazıları” başlatılmıştır. Kazı çalışmaları sırasında çeşmenin taşınmadan evvelki yerinden

Halid Ağa Çeşmesi Kitâbesi bulunmuştur. Tıbbiye Köprüsü G1 ayağının inşası sırasında

ise Haydarpaşa’daki mevcut yerinden Abdülmecid Han Çeşmesi ve Sarnıcı ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

Tüm bu çalışmalar sayesinde gün ışığına çıkarılan bu eserler kültürel bir miras

olarak kentsel dokuya tekrar kazandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın literatüre katkısı, çeşmenin

yapım tarihinden günümüze kadar geçirdiği tüm değişimlerin belge ve haritalarla tespit

edilmesidir. Çeşme, çağdaş örnekleri ile süsleme detayları açısından karşılaştırılmış, ölçü ve yapısal özellikleri tanımlanarak araştırmacılara veri oluşturmuştur. Zamanla işlevini

kaybeden çeşmenin yeniden ortaya çıkarılması ile koruma sorunları değerlendirilmiştir.
Mahmud Celaleddin Efendi’nin Mc Gill University Library’de Bulunan Eserlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇETİNTAŞ Özgür
Published: June 2021

Hat sanatının temel yapı taşı olan çizgi ile uygulanması, onu diğer sanatlardan geri

bırakmamış aksine kısıtlı seçenekler içerisinde gelenekli ve çok çeşitlere ayrılan bir yol

oluşturmasını sağlamıştır. Buradaki çeşitlerden kasıt, hat sanatı içerisinde aklâm-ı sitte

adı verilen altı temel yazı ve bunların varyasyonları sayılabilecek onlarca yazı karakterleridir.

Türk hat ekolü içerisinde kendine has istifleri ve estetik anlayışıyla Mahmud

Celâleddîn Efendi diğer hattatlar arasında dikkati çekmektedir. Bu araştırmada Mahmud

Celâleddîn Efendi’nin hayatı hakkında bilgi sunulacak ve ülkemiz dışında bulunan dört

adet yazısı incelenecektir. Bu yazılar incelenirken hattatın yazı üslubu anlaşılmaya çalışılacak

ve bunun yanı sıra eserlerin süsleme özellikleri de ele alınacaktır.
Victor Hugo’nun Mimari Koruma Düşüncesine Katkıları ve “Yıkıcılarla Savaş” Makalesi
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Muradiye , DABANLI Ömer
Published: June 2021

Fransız İhtilali’nin yıkımları ve Endüstri Devrimi’nin şehirlerde başlattığı dönüşümün

etkisiyle tarihî anıtların uğradığı tahribata karşı Fransa’da yükselen tenkitlerin

önemli isimlerinden birisi olan Victor Hugo, bazı eserlerinin ana temasını o dönemdeki

yıkımlara karşı verdiği mücadele etrafında kurgulamıştı. İngiltere’deki çağdaşı John

Ruskin ile benzer düşünceleri Fransa’da dile getiren Hugo, bilinçsiz ve tartışmalı restorasyon

uygulamalarına karşı da sesini yükseltenlerin başında geliyordu. Yaptığı ayrıntılı

tasvirlerle anıtların yazılı bir belgelemesini yapan Hugo’nun eserlerinde mimari anıtlar

geniş yer tutmakta, tarih ve kültüre karşı duyarlılığını her fırsatta dile getirdiği satırları,

sanat eserlerine hak ettikleri saygıyı göstermeye teşvik ederken çağdaş koruma düşüncesinin

ortaya çıkışına da katkı sağlamaktaydı. Edebiyatını bir belgeleme ve mücadele

aracı olarak kullanan Hugo, Notre Dame’ın Kamburu romanı ve Yıkıcılarla Savaş isimli

makalesiyle geniş kitlelerin dikkatini çekmişti. Bu çalışmada, Hugo’nun eserlerinde mimari koruma hakkındaki düşünceleri ve bu alana katkıları ele alınmış, Yıkıcılarla Savaş

isimli makalesi dilimize kazandırılmış ve uluslararası koruma ilkeleri ve günümüzdeki

bazı koruma tartışmalarıyla ilişkilendirilerek irdelenmiştir.
Kudüs’te Ebu Medyen El-Ğavs ve Şeyh Ömer El-Mücerred Vakıflarının Mali Durumu, 1855-1900
Authors: MEMİŞ Şerife Eroğlu
Published: June 2021

Ebu Medyen el-Ğavs’ın torunu Şuayb bin Muhammed bin el-Şuayb ve Şeyh Ömer

el-Mücerred tarafından Meğaribe Mahallesi’nde kurulan vakıflar, Kudüs’te mukîm Mağribli

Müslümanlar ile Mağribden gelen misâfir ve mücâvirlerin yeme-içme ve konaklama

gibi çeşitli ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak üzere birer zâviye ihtiva etmekte idi. Gelirlerinin bir

kısmını kırsal kaynaklardan elde eden bu vakıflar kentsel bazı gelirlere de sahipti. Hayrî

ve mülhak bir yapıya sahip bu vakıflar şehir ekonomisi ile karşılıklı bir etkileşim halinde

idi.Çalışma, vakıfların muhasebe defterlerini analiz ederek, kurumun 19. yüzyılın ikinci

yarısındaki mali durumunu incelemektedir. Tarımsal ve kentsel gelirlerinde zaman zaman

artışlar olan Ebu Medyen el-Ğavs ve Şeyh Ömer el-Mücerred Vakıfları,ilgili dönemde fiili

işleyişini kesintiye uğratan bir mali bunalım döneminden geçmemiştir. Vakıfların mali

durumu, kentsel koşulların vakıfları mali çöküntüye götürecek bir kötüleşme yaşamadığını

da göstermiştir.
Ortaçağ Dönemi Derviş Topluluklarını Nasıl Kavramsallaştırmalı?
Authors: ŞEN M. Seyyit
Published: June 2021

Bazı akademisyenler norm dışı hareket eden bütün derviş gruplarını Kalenderî olarak

nitelendirirlerken diğer akademisyenler bu tür toptancı bir yaklaşıma karşı çıkmaktadırlar.

Yanı sıra, çoğu akademisyen derviş gruplarını Ortodoks (Sünni) veya Heterodoks

(Gayr-i Sünni) şeklinde tasnif etmekte ve derviş topluluklarını Sünnilik açısından değerlendirmektedir.

Bu makalede, farklı yaşam tarzları olan ve farklı mistik tecrübe yaşayan

derviş topluluklarını yek pare bir grup olarak ele almanın problematiği üzerinde duracağız.

Ayrıca, Ortaçağ döneminde kural dışı hareket eden derviş topluluklarıyla Ortodoks

olarak anılan Sûfî gruplar arasında derin bir ilişki ağı bulunduğundan dolayı, derviş topluluklarını

Sünni veya Gayr-i Sünni olarak sınıflandırmanın zorluğunu vurgulayacağız.
Bilgi ve Belge Yönetimi Öğreniminde Meslekî Aidiyet ve Stajlar
Authors: ASLIYÜKSEK Mehlika Karagözoğlu
Published: June 2021

Bir çalışanın mesleğine kişisel ve psikolojik olarak bağlılığını ifade eden meslekî

aidiyet kavramı, bütün disiplinler gibi Bilgi ve Belge Yönetimi alanı için de önem arz etmektedir.

Bilgi merkezlerinin en iyi performansla çalışmasını sağlayacak olan meslekî aidiyetin

kazanılması üniversite öğrenimi ve stajlar sırasında başlamaktadır. Bu araştırmada,

Marmara Üniversitesi Bilgi ve Belge Yönetimi Bölümü öğrencilerinin meslekî aidiyet

düzeyleri çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, Rıdvan Keskin ve M. Nur

Pakdemirli tarafından hazırlanan Meslekî Aidiyet Ölçeği’nin ikinci faktörü kullanılmıştır.

Veriler SPSS 22.0 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde

sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, t-testi ve Tek Yönlü Anova Testi kullanılmıştır.

Anova testi sonrasında farklılıkları belirlemek üzere tamamlayıcı post-hoc analizi olarak

Scheffe testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda öğrencilerin öğrenim gördükleri alana dair

meslekî aidiyet düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte araştırma kitlesinde

staj yapma durumu ile meslekî aidiyet arasında ters bir orantı olduğu saptanmıştır.
Nâbî Dîvânı’nda Osmanlı Medeniyetinin Şehir Tasavvuru Üzerine Estetik Bir İnceleme
Authors: CANÇELİK Ali
Published: June 2021

Klasik Türk şiirinde estetik konulu birçok çalışma yapılmıştır; ancak şehir üzerine

estetik çalışmalara rastlanmamıştır. Çalışmada, Nâbî Dîvânı’ndaki Osmanlı şehri ve şehirlisi

estetik kuramlar çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Amaç, Osmanlı şehir tasavvurundaki

estetik anlayışı, dîvân şiiri üzerinde göstermektir. Çalışma, Nâbî Dîvânı’ndaki kaside ve

tarih manzumeleri ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Başlangıçta kavramsal bir analiz yapılmış; âlem

tasavvuru, estetik, güzellik, mutlak güzellik üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca güzelliğin kaynağı,

güzelliğin âlem, şehir ve şehirli üzerindeki tezahürü izah edilmiş ve modern sanat

anlayışı ile İslamî sanat anlayışı arasında temel ayrımlara değinilmiştir. Sonuçta dîvân

şiirinin şehir ve şehirliyi kapsayacak şekilde şehir tasavvurunun estetiğine kaynaklık ettiği

sonucuna varılmıştır.
Abdullah Cevdet’in Din Algısında Tezahür Eden Toplumsal Kaygı
Authors: KAYA Sevim Zehra
Published: June 2021

Abdullah Cevdet, II. Meşrutiyet Devri Batıcı yaklaşımın hazırlayıcısı konumundadır.

Bununla beraber yazar, Cumhuriyet devri resmi programının entelektüel altyapısını oluşturmuştur.

Bu çalışmada, Abdullah Cevdet’in 1908-1918 yıllarında verdiği edebî ve fikrî

ürünlerdeki din algısını etkilediği düşünülen toplumsal kaygı zemini ele alınmıştır. Bu

çerçevede toplumsal kaygı kavramının anlam alanına dair açıklamalar yapılmıştır. Batı

modernitesi karşısında hissedilenleri aksettirdiği düşünülen “seyl-i hurûşân” benzeri ifadelerin

tekabül ettiği anlamlar ele alınmıştır. Bununla beraber söz konusu ifadelerin yeni

Türk edebiyatı ürünleri ve özelde Abdullah Cevdet’in şiir ve yazılarındaki din algısına

olan etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Yazarın toplumsal kaygı çerçevesinde şekillenen yaklaşımı,

din ve inanç sahasında ciddi değişimleri önermektedir. Bu çerçevede yazarın, yeni bir

materyalist ahlak tesis edilmesi gerektiği vurgusu dikkate değerdir.
John Jefferson, The Holy Wars of King Wladislas and Sultan Murad. The Ottoman-Christian Conflict from 1438-1444, vol. 76
Authors: ERDİM Fatma
Published: June 2021

Osmanlılara ve Hussitlere karşı sürdürdüğü mücadelelerle bilinen, Macaristan

(1387), Almanya (1411) ve Bohemya (1419) tacını giyen ve nihayetinde

Kutsal Roma İmparatoru (1433) olan, Lüksemburg Hanedanı üyesi Sigismund’un

(1387-1437) hayatını kaybetmesi Macaristan Krallığı’nda siyasî

karışıklıkların baş gösterdiği bir dönemin başlangıcı olur.
Muhammed Mustafa el-Aʿzami, On Schacht’s Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence
Authors: KOÇAK Abdüs Samet
Published: June 2021

Bilindiği gibi, İslam birçok açıdan oryantalistlerin çalışmalarına konu olmuştur.

Bu çalışmalardan önemli bir kısmı Hadislerin ve İslam hukukunun menşei

hakkındadır. İslam hukukunun menşei alanında oryantalistlerce kaleme alınmış

çalışmaların başında Joseph Schacht’ın (1902-1969) Origins of Muhammadan

Jurisprudence1 adlı kitabı gelmektedir. Bu eser 1950 yılında yayımlanmasının

ardından alanla ilgili araştırma ve okuma yapan Batılı araştırmacıların temel referanslarından

olagelmiştir. Harald Motzki (1948-2019) ve Nabia Abbott (1897-

1981) gibi bazı Batılı İslam araştırmacıları kitaptaki görüşleri farklı seviyelerde

eleştirmişlerse de oryantalistlerin büyük çoğunluğu İslam hukukunun kökeni

konusunda Schacht’ın tezlerini kabule şayan bulmuşlardır. Yazar bu eserinde,

İslam hukukunun orjinalliğini ve bu alandaki hadislerin güvenilirliğini tartışırken

konuyla ilgili ileri sürdüğü teorik yaklaşımlarını klasik İslam kaynaklarından

yaptığı birçok nakille desteklemeye çalışmıştır.
Stephen J. Lee, Avrupa Tarihinden Kesitler 1494-1789, çev. Ertürk Demirel
Authors: OĞUL Muazzez Gündüz
Published: June 2021

Stephen J. Lee, Avrupa Tarihi üzerine yapmış olduğu çalışmalarla bilinmektedir.

Yazarın kaleminden çıkan Avrupa Tarihinden Kesitler 1494-1789 adlı kitapta,

söz konusu dönem aralığında Avrupa Tarihi’nde öne çıkan olaylar dizisi

incelenmiştir. Stephen J. Lee’nin Avrupa Tarihinden Kesitler 1789-1980 adlı

bir çalışması daha bulunmakta ve bu kitap, çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilen

eserin devamı niteliğindedir. İncelenen kitapta Modern Avrupa Tarihi’nin erken

döneminde yaşanan olaylar kısa ve öz nitelikte toplamda otuz altı bölümde, kronolojik

olarak ele alınmıştır. Her bölümün ana teması kendi içerisinde özeldir.

Bu anlamda kitabın kendisi bir yapboza benzetilebilir ve bölümler de yapbozun

parçaları olarak düşünülebilir.
On Thinking in the Anthropocene: A Sketch of a Proposal
Authors: Baldissone Riccardo
Published: June 2021

The paper suggests, on the basis of paleoanthropological evidence, a hypothetical differentiation of human modes of thinking. Moreover, on the basis of historical evidence, it reconsiders the so-called passage from mythos to logos as a Greek rationalization of the shift between the technologies of speech and writing and their associated modes of thinking respectively. Finally, it relies on these considerations to construct digital information as an opportunity at once to redistribute the powers of writing and reconfigure thinking.
What is Programmable Money?
Authors: Lee Alexander
Published: June 2021

This note focuses on the importance of a mechanism guaranteeing the inseparable functionality of the technical components of a programmable money system rather than prescribing the specific nature of those components.
Remodelling Institutional Translation. An African Perspective
Authors: KOBENA KUTO Emmanuel
Published: June 2021

The combination of ethnolinguistic fragmentation, the use of European languages as official languages and low literacy rates make institutional translation indispensable in Africa. Africa literally lives by translation. However, recent studies have highlighted the paradox of (institutional) translation in Africa: no continent needs institutional translation more than Africa and yet no continent translates less than Africa. This paper argues that deficit is not the only problem with institutional translation in Africa. In addition to the inadequacy of institutional translation, its practice model is both Eurocentric and institution-centred, and therefore not suited to the specificities of Africa. A number of principles are advanced that altogether constitute an alternative practice model of institutional translation for Africa.