bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СОСТОЯНИЕ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У БОЛЬНЫХ С ДИСТАЛЬНОЙ
ПОЛИНЕЙРОПАТИЕЙ ПРИ САХАРНОМ ДИАБЕТЕ 2 ТИПА
Authors: Знаменщикова Г. Н. , Родионова Т. И. , Орлова М. М.
Published: July 2023

Окислительный стресс - один из наиболее значимых факторов развития поздних осложнений сахар-

ного диабета. Дистальная полинейропатия у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа является распростра-

ненным поздним осложнением данного заболевания и одной из главных причин развития язв на стопах.

Дистальная диабетическая полинейропатия в ряде случаев развивается на более ранних сроках заболева-

ния, чем другие осложнения сахарного диабета. В отличие от других хронических осложнений сахарного

диабета (диабетическая нефропатия, ретинопатия), дистальная полинейропатия может проявляться вы-

раженной клинической симптоматикой, например, болевым синдромом, что приводит к значительному

ухудшению качества жизни пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа. В связи с этим важное значение имеет

раннее выявление и изучение дистальной диабетической полинейропатии на стадиях, при которых воз-

можно проведение профилактических мероприятий и назначение эффективного лечения.

ЦЕЛЬ: изучить состояние антиоксидантной защиты у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2) с ран-

ними стадиями дистальной диабетической полинейропатии (ДНП).

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: включено 88 больных с СД2 и ДНП, мужчин – 38 (43,2%), женщин – 50 (56,8%);

средний возраст больных 56±6,9 года; средняя продолжительность СД2 составила 10,1±3,1 (7-14 лет).

Контрольная группа включала 39 больных с СД2 без признаков ДНП (по данным неврологического статуса)

в возрастной группе 51-58 лет (средний возраст 54±2,9 года). Средняя продолжительность СД2 в группе

контроля составила 7,5±1,6 (5-10 лет). Больные с сахарным диабетом 1 типа; онкологическими заболевания-

ми; хроническими заболеваниями печени и почек с нарушением функции; аллергическими заболеваниями;

беременностью не были включены.

С целью оценки компенсации углеводного обмена исследовался уровень гликемии натощак, гликиро-

ванный гемоглобин; неврологический статус был оценен по состоянию основных видов чувствительности

(вибрационной, температурной, болевой и тактильной) и в количественном выражении (соответственно

числу баллов шкалы Модифицированного Нейропатического Дисфункционального счета); антиоксидантная

защита оценивалась по содержанию церулоплазмина (ЦП) сыворотки крови.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: у всех пациентов с СД2 и ДНП было выявлено достоверное повышение уровня ЦП

до 42,9±1,7 мкг/100 мл (р<0,01) по сравнению с контрольной группой 30,6±1,9 (р<0,01), что свидетельствует

об активации антиоксидантной защиты.

ВЫВОДЫ:

1. У пациентов СД 2 при развитии ДНП значительно повышается содержание ЦП, что свидетельствует

об активации антиоксидантной защиты.

2. Увеличение содержания эндогенных антиоксидантов у пациентов с СД2 и ДНП позволяет широко ис-

пользовать для лечения дистальной диабетической полинейропатии препараты с антиоксидантной

активностью.
МОНИТОРИНГ ШТАММОВ ПРИ БЕССИМПТОМНОЙ БАКТЕРИУРИИ У ЖЕНЩИН
С САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ
Authors: Шевченко Н. И. , Логинова О. П. , Русаленко М. Г.
Published: July 2023

Бактериальная колонизация мочевыводящих путей и присутствие бактерий в образце мочи даже в со-

четании с лейкоцитами при отсутствии клинических проявлений мочевой инфекции определяется как

бессимптомная бактериурия (ББ). Известно, что у больных сахарным диабетом часто возникают инфекции

мочевыводящих путей (ИМП), поэтому некоторые специалисты рекомендуют проведение скрининга и на-

значение антибактериальной терапии при выявлении асимптоматической бактериурии у таких пациентов

с целью предупреждения развития клинически выраженных ИМП. Лечение ББ при отсутствии факторов

риска не рекомендуется, но может проводиться только в случае доказанной пользы для пациента в целях

снижения риска селекции резистентных штаммов и эрадикации потенциально протективных штаммов

микроорганизмов Основой для выбора стартового антибиотика должны служить локальные или регио-

нальные данные о наиболее распространенных микроорганизмах, встречающихся при ББ.

ЦЕЛЬ: изучить спектр микробиоты, ассоциированных с бессимптомной бактериурией при сахарном

диабете у женщин.

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в исследование были включены 467 пациенток, не имевшие симптомов

инфекции мочевыводящих путей и доказанную бактериурию при титре >105КОЕ/мл в двух последователь-

ных пробах мочи, взятых через 24 - 48 часов. Последующая идентификация микроорганизмов выполняли

на автоматическом анализаторе VITEK 2 Compact («BioMerieux», Франция). Всего исследовано 934 образца.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: микробиота представлена преимущественно монокультурами 87,7% (n=819) и суще-

ственно реже в виде сочетания двух микроорганизмов -12,3% (n=115). Энтеробактерии составили в об-

щей сложности 57,3% от всех выделенных возбудителей. Наиболее частыми этиологически значимыми

микроорганизмами были E. сoli (41,7%) и K.pneumoniae, K.oxytoca -9,8%. Другие энтеробактерии (P.mirabilis,

Enterobacter spp и др.) встречались несколько реже -5,8%. Грамположительные кокки составили 39 % изо-

лятов. В основном (27,2%) они представлены стафилококками и в 11,8% - энтерококками. Значительно чаще

выделялись коагулазонегативные стафилококки - S.saprophyticus (14,6%), S. haemolyticus (4,3%) и другие

виды (S.sciuri, S.hominis, S hromogenes) – 4,4%. Несколько реже был получен рост патогенного S.aureus- 3,9%.

Из энтерококков преобладал вид E.faecalis (9,7%), другие виды этой группы микроорганизмов, такие как

E.faecium, Е.gallinarum и др. высевались в 2,1% случаях. Эпизодически встречались неферментирующие

грамотрицательные микроорганизмы - P.aeruginosa (0,8%) и A.baumannii (0,6%). Среди идентифицирован-

ных культур в 2,3% эпизодов обнаружены дрожжеподобные грибы C.albicans.

ВЫВОДЫ: таким образом, в спектре микробиоты при бессимптомной бактериурии у женщин с сахар-

ным диабетом преобладают энтеробактерии, среди которых доминируют E.coli и Klebsiella spp. Вторая по-

зиция по частоте встречаемости принадлежит грамположительным микроорганизмам – стафилококкам,

среди которых преобладает S.saprophyticus, и энтерококкам – ведущий патоген E.faecalis.
The Development of Learning Achievement by Peer-assisted Learning Associated of Students in the Library and Information Science Curriculum
Authors:   The Library and Information Science program, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Suan Dusit University,, Pantrakool Saisuda
Published: July 2023

The purposes of this research were the development of learning achievement by peer-assisted learning associated of students in the library and information science curriculum, and to the study satisfaction of students with peer-assisted learning associated in library of congress classification. The population for this research were 19 students of the library and information science curriculum. The instruments for this research were learning achievement test, and satisfaction from. The statistics for data analysis were the percentage, mean, standard deviation, and t-test Independent. The research finds that the development of learning achievement by peer-assisted learning associated of students after learning management has improved meaningfully with the significant level at .05, and the total level of the satisfaction of students with peer-assisted learning associated was high.
The Factors That Influence the Decision in Choosing Vocational Education of Students in Matthayom 3 in Eastern Economic Corridor Area (EEC) By Using Binary Logistic Regression Analysis
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Chulalongkorn University, Khowchernklang Jeerayu , Madilokkovit Charoonsri ,   Faculty of Education, Chulalongkorn University
Published: July 2023

This research aimed to study the influential factors that influence students’ decision to choose vocational education after graduation among Matthayom 3 students whose schools are located EEC zone. The objectives of the research were to study their education choices (high school vs. vocational school), personal information, economic and social status including an awareness towards the demand for labors in the EEC area. This research was conducted among Matthayom 3 students who were in the last semester in the academic year of 2021 for 1,101 samples. The research tool was a survey questionnaire and the statistics used were the frequency, percentage as well as a Binary Logistic Regression for analyzing key influential factors that influence students’ decision to choose vocational education over high school. The research revealed that the majority of students chose high school for further education for 70%, vocational institution for 29% and only 1% chose not to study after graduation. For students who chose vocational education, the results showed that the positive factors that influenced the students’ decision were gender, GPA, average household income, the demand for labor in future industries, job opportunity after graduation, and dual degree program. The prediction accuracy for the students was 93.6%. These research findings can be used as a guideline to promote and encourage students to study further in vocational education that has already become an excessive demand in the EEC labor market.
Development of Organizational Communication Competence of University Executive Secretaries in the Digital Age : A Case Study of between the Autonomous University and State University
Authors:   Department of Office of the President, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North, Bangkok 10800, Hadee Wilaiwan
Published: July 2023

The study main objectives are 1) to explore the problems and challenges of organizational communication issues faced by university administrators’ executive secretaries in the digital age. Duties and responsibilities performed by executive secretaries of autonomous or of state universities in the present circumstances were investigated; 2) to compare the two groups in respect of a demand to improve organizational communication skills; and 3) to suggest some guidelines and recommendations for more effective communication skills among these staff personnel. Using purposive sampling, the researcher collected the data from 303 individuals serving as executive secretaries in an autonomous or in a state university. The study used purposive sampling for informant selection. Interviews and questionnaires are tools used to collect data. The statistics for data analysis included percentage, mean, frequency, standard deviation, t- and F-tests. The results showed that : 1. Both types of sample groups, i.e. executive secretaries of autonomous and of state universities revealed a high level of demand to develop their knowledge competencies for performing duties (M= 4.40). The requirement subcomponents were telephone etiquette; social media savvy skills, e.g. Line and Facebook mastery; and effective time-management to help them achieve their goals (M=4.55, 4.52, and 4.48 respectively). The needs to improve comprehensive skill development were at a high level (M=4.32). The subcomponents disclosed a demand for developing effective communication and teamwork skills; social media savviness; and emotional intelligence for coping with stress at work, (M= 4.47, 4.42 and 4.40 respectively). The needs for improvement of secretarial desirable skills were at the highest level (M=4.55). When considering the top 3 aspects, the personnel performing duties as executive secretaries showed the need to develop desirable attributes in a prioritized order as follows: integrity at work and loyalty to supervisor; maintaining confidentiality for supervisors; as well as accountability and punctuality (M=4.66, 4.64 and 4.61 respectively), all of which falls within the highest level of measurement. 2. Statistically significant differences were observed between executive secretaries of both autonomous and state universities with regard to their need levels to enhance professional skills, organizational communication, knowledge and competencies (p<.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding desirable characteristics.
Substrate, Platform, Interface, Format
Authors: Trettien Whitney
Published: July 2023

The rise of digital technologies in the 1980s led to the development of new formalist frameworks, as scholars tried to identify what distinguished so-called “new media” from all that came before it. Tracing this history across textual and media studies, I show how this formalism catalyzed the desire for more comparative histories of media even as it increased misunderstandings across fields. I then introduce and define four words that cut across textual and media studies:substrate, platform, interface, and format. Together, these terms offer a shared, cross-disciplinary schema for describing the media technologies that store, transmit, and process human culture.
Koping Positif Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan dalam Menghadapi Stigma dan Diskriminasi
Authors: Nitsae Veronika , Andriany Megah , Mu’in Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Stigma and discrimination are more common among women and affect the development of coping skills for women with HIV. Research related to coping strategies for prisoners with HIV in prisons is still very limited. This study aimed to identify the positive coping methods used and the reasons for using these coping strategies in dealing with stigma and discrimination against female inmates with HIV.Methods: This research method is a qualitative descriptive phenomenological design. The population of this study was female inmates living with HIV with a total of eight participants. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using the Colaizzi technique.Results: The results of the study found two themes: (1) don't care and stay away from people who cause stigma to avoid problems; (2) attract sympathy and be honest with others to lighten the burden on the mind.Conclusion: Indifference certainly does not always have positive but also negative implications such as the emergence of disputes or divisions and individualism among prisoners. Meanwhile, active coping such as telling the truth can improve prisoners' physical and psychological well-being. The development of intervention programs such as narrative enhancement and cognitive therapy (NECT), family therapy, spiritual emotional freedom technique (SELF), and HIV peer support groups in prisons to develop active coping for female inmates with HIV in facing internal and public stigma is urgently needed. Keywords: Coping, Correctional Setting, Discrimination Stigma, HIV.
Ferroptosis-Related Long Noncoding RNA Signature Predicts Prognosis of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma
Authors: Liu J. W. , Supandi F. , Dhillon Sarinder Kaur
Published: July 2023

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is very common and accounts for most kidney cancer deaths. While many studies are being conducted in finding the prognostic signatures of ccRCC, we believe that ferroptosis, which involves programmed cell death dependent on iron accumulation, has therapeutic potential in ccRCC. Recent research has shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in ferroptosis-related tumour processes and are closely related to survival in patients with ccRCC. Hence, in this study we aim to further explore the role of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (FRLs) in ccRCC, hoping to establish a signature to predict the survival outcome of ccRCC. We analysed transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) and ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) from FerrDb to identify FRLs using Pearson’s correlation. Lasso Cox regression analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models screened seventeen optimal FRLs for developing prognostic signatures. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and ROC curves were then plotted for validating the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the identified signatures. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and CIBERSORT algorithm were deployed to explore the role of these FRLs in the tumour microenvironment. It was concluded that these models demonstrate excellent performance in predicting prognosis among patients with ccRCC, also indicating association with the clinicopathologic parameters such as tumour grade, tumour stage and tumour immune infiltration. In conclusion, our findings provide novel insights into ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in ccRCC, which are important targets for investigating the tumorigenesis of ccRCC.
RTKN2 Enhances Radioresistance in Gastric Cancer through Regulating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signalling Pathway
Authors: Zhao H.-G. , Yin J.-J. , Chen X. , Wu J. , Wang W. , Tang Liwang
Published: July 2023

Adjuvant therapy and radiotherapy improves the survival of patients with metastatic and locally advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the resistance to radiotherapy limits its clinical usage. Rhotekin 2 (RTKN2) functions as an oncogene and confers resistance to ultraviolet B-radiation and apoptosis-inducing agents. Here, the role of RTKN2 in radiosensitivity of GC cell lines was investigated. RTKN2 was found to be elevated in GC tissues and cells. A series of functional assays revealed that over-expression of RTKN2 induced GC cell proliferation, promoted GC cell migration and invasion, while inhi­biting GC cell apoptosis. However, silence of RTKN2 promoted GC cell apoptosis, while repressing GC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. GC cells were exposed to irradiation, and data from cell survival and apoptotic assays showed that knock-down of RTKN2 enhanced radiosensitivity of GC through up-regulation of apoptosis and down-regulation of proliferation in irradiation-exposed GC cells. More­over, the protein expression of β-catenin and c-Myc in GC cells was enhanced by RTKN2 over-expression, but reduced by RTKN2 silence. Interference of RTKN2 down-regulated nuclear β-catenin expression, while up-regulating cytoplasmic β-catenin in GC. In conclusion, RTKN2 contributed to cell growth and radioresistance in GC through activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling.
RNA Concentration and Content in the Nucleoli and Cytoplasmic Rim in Differentiating Lymphocytes of Patients Suffering from B Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia – a Cytochemical Note
Authors: Smetana Karel , Mikulenková D. , Karban J. , Trněný M.
Published: July 2023

Nucleolar RNA optical density (concentration) measurements at the single cell level indicated that differentiation of lymphocytes is accompanied by a slightly decreased nucleolar RNA concentration in contrast to the cytoplasmic rim around the nucleus. On the other hand, the nucleolar size was markedly reduced and the cytoplasmic rim surrounding the nucleus was reduced only weakly. Concerning the calculated rough estimate of the RNA content, the differentiation induced its larger decrease in the nucleoli than in the cytoplasmic rim. These observations indicated that the nucleolar RNA concentration and RNA content together with the nucleolar morphology are more sensitive markers of the differentiation process than the RNA concentration and content in the cytoplasm. Thus, the nucleolar RNA transfer to the cytoplasm in advanced differentiation steps might still be going on regardless of the decreasing or inhibited nucleolar biosynthetic activity. In addition, the presence of ring-shaped nucleoli and micronucleoli characteristic of mature and terminal lymphocytes in some lymphocytic less differentiated steps, i.e., lymphoblasts and prolymphocytes, might indicate the premature differentiation state of such cells.
Modern opportunities for assessing the left ventricle remodeling
Authors: Syvolap V. V. , Bohun A. O.
Published: July 2023

Aim: To compare the results of distributing left ventricular (LV) remodeling patterns according to two classifications and identify their advantages and disadvantages.
Materials and methods. The study involved 2019 patients, aged from 18 to 94 years with a mean of 57.6 ± 16.4 years, 51 % males, apparently healthy and with cardiovascular and respiratory system pathology. Echocardiography was performed using an Esaote MyLab Seven device (Italy) according to generally accepted standards. The distribution of patients according to four classic LV remodeling patterns and according to the classification proposed by W. Gaasch and M. Zile was studied. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica for Windows 13.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA; license No. JPZ804I382130ARCN10-J). Qualitative variables were given as absolute and relative frequency (n (%)).
Results. The distribution of patients according to 4 classic LV remodeling patterns was as follows: 53.0 % had normal LV geometry; 10.2 % – concentric remodeling; 15.6 % – concentric hypertrophy; 21.2 % – eccentric hypertrophy. At the same time, in the group of normal LV geometry, 25.2 % of people had LV dilatation. When distributing the patients by remodeling patterns according to the W. Gaasch and M. Zile classification, the following data were obtained: 26.9 % of people had normal LV geometry, concentric remodeling – 10.2 %, concentric hypertrophy – 12.4 %, mixed hypertrophy – 3.1 %, physiological and dilated hypertrophy – 11.8 %, eccentric hypertrophy – 5.5 %, eccentric remodeling – 11.4 %. In addition, 3 more groups of patients were formed, who did not have a terminological definition based on the W. Gaasch and M. Zile classification and, in total, accounted for 18.6 % of the examined.
Conclusions. The missing options of dilated left ventricle should be recognized as a limitation of the classic classifications of left ventricular remodeling patterns. The imposition of additional criteria covering the cavity dilatation in determining the left ventricular remodeling patterns improves the assessment of the patient’s prognosis and contributes to a more individual selection of pathogenetic therapy.
Silnie skażone tereny poprzemysłowe jako potencjalne miejsca rekreacji
Authors: Rostański Krzysztof
Published: July 2023

Rejony przemysłowe, szczególnie te silnie zurbanizowane, wykazują niedostatek terenów inwestycyjnych, w tym również takich, które można przeznaczyć na tereny zieleni. Parki i  zieleńce bywają zakładane nawet na gruntach silnie skażonych. Przedmiotem pracy jest analiza możliwości adaptacji metody PAR (Prediction, Adaptation, Resilience) w dostosowaniu terenów skażonych do użytku społecznego z zachowaniem warunków bezpieczeństwa i rozwiązań opartych na naturze (Nature-Based Solutions) w relacji do usług ekosystemowych. Celem pracy jest wskazanie przy tym drogi do zachowania lokalnych wartości przyrodniczo-kulturowych przy remediacji i rekonstrukcji lokalnych warunków środowiskowych i przy różnym stopniu zainwestowania. Bezpieczeństwo użytkowników jest najważniejsze, ale stopień tego bezpieczeństwa nie w każdym miejscu musi być taki sam. Trzeba umiejętnie równoważyć izolację, remediację, fitostabilizację i sukcesję. Efekty analiz tworzą fenomenologiczny opis cech, których znaczenie dla obiektu projektant może dostosować do swojej wizji. Znając uwarunkowania i mając ideę, należy jeszcze sporządzić listę celów dla porównania i sprawdzenia słuszności podejmowanych decyzji.
Landscape forms through drone documentation: rediscovering continuity of Torto river in Braga District, Portugal
Authors: Orszt Marta , Oliveira Ivo , Brito Sandra , Bernardes Paulo
Published: July 2023

This article proposes a proof of concept related to a methodology that uses an unmanned aircraft vehicles (UAV) as an investigation tool in landscape planning, which results can be used also in archaeology, cultural landscape, and heritage studies, to create a multidimensional approach for understanding relations between valuable assets and preserve fundamental qualities of the landscape. It is evaluated if UAV is appropriate as a research tool (through accessibility of equipment, software, and workflows of its application) capable of providing multidimensional views of the landscape that could be used to anticipate planning decisions. As an example, the Torto River, located in Braga, Portugal, starting from its intersection with Roman Via XIX, was studied. Research aims to show that the drone surveying can lead to raised awareness on disappearing continuity of landscape elements, and the value of their spatial relationships, which are not taken into consideration in development of places like researched area neighbouring nuclei of S. Frutuoso and Dume, nearby popular pilgrimage trail Camino de Santiago. The possibility of identifying and reflecting on the elements that ensure continuity of landscape is noted through videography recorded based on the visual line of sight (VLOS) mode. The research explores a variety of conditions that should be considered when preparing for research and recording chosen information (as local regulations, weather conditions, expected outputs), proposing a methodology of flight planning and execution with the most optimal setups, including –15° angle for capturing landscape elements and their relationship, and – 90° for photogrammetry and videogrammetry (here captured in maximal altitudes allowed for the research area, not overstepping 75 and 120 m limit).
Ochrona i kształtowanie krajobrazu kulturowego w zintegrowanym planowaniu rozwoju
Authors: Czasopisma Redakcja
Published: July 2023

Monografia powstała jako wyraz troski o krajobraz – nie tylko ten wyjątkowy, wyróżniający się walorami przyrodniczymi i  kulturowymi, najczęściej już podlegający rozmaitym formom ochrony, ale także o  krajobraz „codzienny”, oglądany każdego dnia i  często niedoceniany. Autorki monografii reprezentują trzy różne poznańskie uczelnie, Stowarzyszenie Polskich Architektów Krajobrazu (SPAK) oraz Stowarzyszenie Architektury Krajobrazu (SAK). Tym samym doświadczenia naukowe i praktyczne autorek wywodzą się z różnych dyscyplin i  specjalności a  niniejsze opracowanie jest próbą połączenia tych doświadczeń, co umożliwia szersze – interdyscyplinarne – spojrzenie na problematykę kształtowania i  ochrony krajobrazu. Przełożyło się to na treści zawarte w monografii, które mogą stanowić głos w dyskusji nad zintegrowanym podejściem do tematyki krajobrazowej w  planowaniu rozwoju, a  tym samym dać wsparcie dla procesów decyzyjnych w praktyce zarządzania przestrzenią.

Link do publikacji: https://wgseigp.amu.edu.pl/__data/assets/pdf_ file/0020/394103/ochrona-i-ksztaltowanie-krajobrazu-kulturowego-wzintegrowanym-planowaniu-rozwoju.pdf
A biomedical decision support system for meta-analysis of bilateral upper-limb training in stroke patients with hemiplegia
Authors: Jin Linna , Yang Zhe , Zou Zhaojun , Wu Tao , Pan Hongying
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of bilateral upper-limb training (BULT) in helping people with upper-limb impairments due to stroke or brain illness regain their previous level of function. Patients recuperating from a stroke or cerebral disease were given the option of undergoing BULT or conventional training to enhance their upper-limb function. Participants were randomly allocated to one of the several different fitness programs. Results from the action research arm test, Box and block test, Wolf motor function test, Fugal–Meyer evaluation, and any other tests administered were taken into account. Some researchers have found that exercising with BULT for just 30 min per day for 6 weeks yields significant results. There were a total of 1,411 individuals from 10 randomized controlled trials included in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis findings revealed that biofeedback treatment outperformed conventional rehabilitation therapy in reducing lower leg muscular strain, complete spasm scale score, electromyography score, and inactive ankle joint range of motion. An analysis of the literature found that BULT improved limb use in people who had suffered a stroke and hemiplegia but it did not provide any additional benefit over unilateral training.
Monogamy as a Force of Social Progress and Women’s Empowerment
Authors: Andrade Gabriel
Published: July 2023

Monogamy in Western countries has recently undergone criticisms, because it is perceived as an oppressive institution, adjacent to reactionary cultural values. In this article, I argue that monogamy is in fact a force of social progress and women’s empowerment. I point out that, given our natural tendencies, the most likely alternative to monogamy is polygyny. By its very nature, polygyny faces a numerical difficulty, to the extent that (given the equitable male to female ratio) when one man engages in romantic or sexual relationships with multiple female partners, inequality and social conflict ensues. I present historical and sociological data that sustains the argument that polygyny is associated with greater inequality, violence, poverty and women’s vulnerability. Nevertheless, while monogamy can be considered a force of social progress, I argue that the State is not morally entitled to prosecute non-monogamous lifestyles, but there may still be non-coercive ways to promote monogamy.
Unleashing the Beast: Exploring Incivility and Intolerance in Facebook Comments Under Populist and Non-populist Politicians’ Social Media Posts About Migration
Authors: Kluknavská Alena , Havlík Vlastimil , Hanzelka Jan
Published: July 2023

Social networking sites allow politicians to reach followers directly and offer citizens platforms to express their opinions. However, online discussions often lack civility, leading to increased polarization. Although existing research has brought important insights into populist effects on political trust, attitudes, or electoral behavior, we know less about how populism’s use of divisive rhetoric and identity-based appeals contribute to the confrontational responses of social media users. To address this gap, we investigate the relationship between the use of populist communication in migration-related social media posts by populist and non-populist political actors and the use of uncivil and intolerant rhetoric by social media users. Focusing on the case of the Czech Republic between 2013 and 2020, we conducted a quantitative content analysis of Facebook posts about the contentious issue of migration created by political parties and comments under those posts published by social media users. Our results indicate that while different elements of populist communication bring mixed results to the responses in online discussions, the social media posts created by populist political parties are positively associated with increased online incivility and intolerance. These findings have significant implications for understanding the potential influence of populist messages on social media and its consequences for democratic societies, highlighting their relevance in addressing and mitigating crises beyond the migration crisis, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and other emergencies.
Rain effects analysis on image transmission through free space optical communication system
Authors: Djir Amina , Meskine Fatiha , Tayebi Mohamed Larbi
Published: July 2023

Free Space optics (FSO) has gained significant interest in recent years due to its ability to provide a more secure communication connection than conventional radio links, being relatively inexpensive compared to other wireless systems, and the fact that it operates without any interference from other wireless devices. FSO also has a downside in its susceptibility to certain environmental conditions, which can degrade the quality of the connection by absorbing, scattering, and refracting the optical beams. This paper discusses the rain attenuation effect on RGB image transmission through an FSO communication system. The study uses different metrics to analyze system performance and suggests increasing transmission power to improve performance during heavy rainfall. The findings suggest that for medium and heavy rain, an improvement in maximum link distances of 490 m and 340 m, respectively, is obtained as the transmission power increases to 15 mW. The paper also proposes a spatial domain image restoration technique to enhance image quality at the receiver using the median and wiener filters. Results show that the proposed solutions increase the communication range of the FSO link by 320 m and 205 m for moderate and heavy rain, respectively, when the transmitting power is about 10 mW.
Predictive factors of catch-up growth in term, small for gestational age infants: a two-year prospective observational study in Algeria
Authors: Bouferoua Fadila , El Mokhtar Khiari Mohamed , Benhalla Nafissa , Donaldson Malcolm
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Most small for gestational age (SGA) infants show catch-up growth but the minority who do not may benefit from growth-promoting treatment. We determined the prevalence of, and risk factors for, failure to show catch-up growth in term SGA infants.

Methods

Prospective observational study of infants born at 37–42 weeks gestation between December 2012 and March 2014 with birth weight <10th percentile. Length, weight and head circumference were measured from birth to 2 years.

Results

Of 457 (3.9 %) term infants with SGA, 446 (97.6 %) were followed up until 2 years. At 24 months, supine length, weight and head circumference were ≥−2 standard deviation score (SDS) in 87.9 , 96.4 and 97.1 % subjects, with persistent short stature in 12.1 %. In a multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of failure to show catch-up growth at 24 months were: maternal height <150 cm, difference between mid-parental height and birth length of ≥2.2 SDS, height at 24 months <–2 SDS below mid-parental height SDS, history of SGA, ponderal index <3rd centile and duration of breast feeding <3 months.

Conclusions

This study provides data concerning the epidemiology of SGA in Algeria and the factors associated with post-natal growth. Establishing which children remain short at 2 years has identified a cohort of patients requiring continuing follow up, with a view to instituting growth hormone therapy in selected cases. These results favour the setting up of an integrated national program to register SGA infants at birth, with re-evaluation at 2 years. (250 words).
Dual-band optical collimator based on deep-learning designed, fabrication-friendly metasurfaces
Authors: Ueno Akira , Lin Hung-I , Yang Fan , An Sensong , Martin-Monier Louis , Shalaginov Mikhail Y. , Gu Tian , Hu Juejun
Published: July 2023

Metasurfaces, which consist of arrays of ultrathin planar nanostructures (also known as “meta-atoms”), offer immense potential for use in high-performance optical devices through the precise manipulation of electromagnetic waves with subwavelength spatial resolution. However, designing meta-atom structures that simultaneously meet multiple functional requirements (e.g., for multiband or multiangle operation) is an arduous task that poses a significant design burden. Therefore, it is essential to establish a robust method for producing intricate meta-atom structures as functional devices. To address this issue, we developed a rapid construction method for a multifunctional and fabrication-friendly meta-atom library using deep neural networks coupled with a meta-atom selector that accounts for realistic fabrication constraints. To validate the proposed method, we successfully applied the approach to experimentally demonstrate a dual-band metasurface collimator based on complex free-form meta-atoms. Our results qualify the proposed method as an efficient and reliable solution for designing complex meta-atom structures in high-performance optical device implementations.
Longitudinal Evidence for Attenuated Local-Global Deviance Detection as a Precursor of Working Memory Decline
Authors: Hsu Yi-Fang , Tu Chia-An , Bekinschtein Tristan A. , Hämäläinen Jarmo A.
Published: July 2023

From the perspective of predictive coding, normal aging is accompanied by decreased weighting of sensory inputs and increased reliance on predictions, resulting in the attenuation of prediction errors in older age. Recent electroencephalography (EEG) research further revealed that the age-related shift from sensorium to predictions is hierarchy-selective, as older brains show little reduction in lower-level but significant suppression in higher-level prediction errors. Moreover, the disrupted propagation of prediction errors from the lower-level to the higher-level seems to be linked to deficient maintenance of information in working memory. However, it is unclear whether the hierarchical predictive processing continues to decline with advancing age as working memory. Here, we longitudinally followed a sample of 78 participants from three age groups (including seniors, adults, and adolescents) over three years’ time. Seniors exhibited largely preserved local processing [consisting of comparable mismatch negativity (MMN), delayed P3a, and comparable reorienting negativity (RON)] but significantly compromised global processing (consisting of suppressed frontocentral negativity and suppressed P3b) in the auditory local-global paradigm. These electrophysiological responses did not change with the passing of time, unlike working memory which deteriorated with advancing age. Correlation analysis further showed that these electrophysiological responses signaling prediction errors are indicative of concurrent working memory. Moreover, there was a correlation between earlier predictive processing and later working memory but not between earlier working memory and later predictive processing. The temporal asymmetry suggested that the hierarchy-selective attenuation of prediction errors is likely a precursor of working memory decline.
Alcances y limitaciones de las fuentes de información para el monitoreo del derecho a una vivienda adecuada en Argentina
Authors: Molinatti Florencia
Published: July 2023

This article proposes to analyze the scope and limitations of the official information sources available in Argentina in the last 22 years for monitoring the exercise of the right to adequate housing, providing a frame of reference for its measurement. First, a compilation of the main indicators recognized as relevant is made, based on the conceptualization of adequate housing on which the New Urban Agenda is based. Subsequently, the main official sources of information produced in the period and the availability of basic information for the calculation of the indicators collected are analyzed. Among the main conclusions, it is highlighted that in Argentina there is the possibility of creating a system of indicators to monitor this right based on the available sources of information, making it possible to cover five of the seven minimum criteria, although not for all the proposed indicators. Likewise, the loss of effectiveness of some traditionally used indicators and the emergence of new dimensions of analysis are highlighted, which demands new surveys to deepen into the complexity and delve on key aspects of the right to adequate housing.
El derecho humano al agua potable y al saneamiento. Análisis comparativo desde las capacidades
Authors: Casas Cervantes Abril
Published: July 2023

This study answers the question: how does the Human Right to Water and Sanitation (HRWS) materialize in the municipality of Tlajomulco, Jalisco, Mexico? and for this, the cases of two antagonistic housing developments are compared in the context of the unplanned urban growth dissociated from water management practices that prevailed throughout the country: Nueva Galicia and Silos. The first housing development evidenced problems in 2014 due to the presence of arsenic in water for domestic use above the official Mexican standard (NOM-127-SSA1-1994), which was resolved in less than a year. Thesecond development suffered from intermittent service of water of dubious quality, since 2007 that has not been resolved. This despite the fact that both developments share the same basin, the same aquifer and the same political-administrative delimitation. The methodology employed was based on three levels of analysis: city, neighborhood and domestic space, these scales summon each other and their relationships and urban dynamics are juxtaposed as layers of reality. The domestic scale is considered as a materialization space, through intense ethnographic work, of the HRWS discourse. Elements of thecapabilities approach were used, which allows analyzing the differences in terms of access to water, in the words of Nussbaum (2012): in terms of failures and omissions that are due to the presence of discrimination, where the State, due to their practices and relationships, provides water to some groups and not to others.
Estudios políticos y jurídicos para la construcción de políticas públicas con enfoque de derechos humanos en Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez-Ossa Jahir A. , Cardona-Restrepo Porfirio
Published: July 2023

This paper exposes the role played by the interaction between political and legal studies for the construction of public policies in Colombia by considering human rights approaches. The political and the legal, when shifting from the individual hierarchical sphere to another of complementary functional nature, weigh the construction of public policies with a rights approach. Exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory methods were employed to understand the theoretical role of the political and the legal in the development of public policy agendas, meanwhile, the methodological part was based on the directives, guides, or guidelines of public policies with human rights approaches. A review is made on the state of the art of political and legal studies for the construction of public policies; the evaluation of the criteria of public policies with a focus on human rights based on political and legal studies, and the role played by political and legal studies in the construction of public policies with a focus on human rights in Colombia. An attempt was made to resume the idea of putting rights-based approaches and political-legal governance at the service of democracy under the capacity of the conjugation of political and legal studies with public policies, rights approaches, and political-legal governance.
Hezbolá. ¿una amenaza para el sistema consociacional libanés?
Authors: Goenaga Amaia
Published: July 2023

Tras la retirada de las tropas sirias del Líbano en abril del 2005, el país se enfrenta a una reestructuración en la distribución de poder político. En ese proceso de redefinición Hezbolá juega un papel protagonista. Se ha postulado como líder de uno de los dos grandes bloques que se enfrentan por la preeminencia en dicho escenario. Sin embargo la estrategia social, política, propagandística y regional de la organización están alterando las formas tradicionales de hacer política en el país. Siguiendo algunas de las tesis de Antoine Messarra en torno a la democracia consociacional, nos preguntamos si el éxito de Hezbolá y de sus poco ortodoxas formas suponen una amenaza para el sistema. Para intentar dar respuesta a esta cuestión haremos un repaso general a la línea de comportamiento seguida por Hezbolá desde su inserción en la vida política del país. Procuraremos dilucidar quien y qué incide sobre el proceso de toma de decisiones dentro del partido.
U.S. Middle East Policy: It's More than AIPAC
Authors: Mañé Estrada Aurelia , Prince Rob
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs the world approaches the 40th anniversary of the June 1967 war - and its main consequence, the ongoing Israeli Occupation of Arab territories since then the prospects are not particularly bright that the on-going crisis between Israel and the Palestinians will soon end even if some peace initiatives are currently being proposed. The toll of suffering and bitterness the occupation has taken on Palestinians and Israelis alike can hardly be measured. The gulf that has appeared between the peoples is reminiscent of what emerged in Algeria between French pied noirs and the Algerian Arab and Berber peoples.
Las elecciones legislativas marroquíes de 2007 en la provincia de Alhucemas: La victoria de la abstención y el poder de la tribu
Authors: Súarez Collado Ángela
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo ha sido fruto de la ampliación y la revisión del informe “Alhucemas: boicot, tribu y compra de votos. Informe de la campaña y de la jornada electoral en la circunscripción de Alhucemas” que era realizado dentro del proyecto de seguimiento y análisis que de las legislativas marroquíes emprendía, allá por el mes de junio, el Observatorio electoral del Taller de Estudios Internacionales Mediterráneos de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.Aquel informe fue el resultado de una estancia de tres semanas en la provincia de Alhucemas durante las que se entrevistó a gran parte de los candidatos, al mismo tiempo que se asistía a los distintos actos, mítines y encuentros de carácter electoral que se iban organizando, y se recogía todo el material de propaganda y de publicidad que los partidos utilizaban en su campaña. El trabajo de observación requería además estar al tanto de lo que iba sucediendo día tras día en la provincia, de los avances que cada candidato conseguía en su carrera hacia la Cámara de Representantes, y de la actitud y el posicionamiento que el electorado iba tomando ante la renovación parlamentaria y gubernamental que se emprendía.
Elecciones en Marruecos: Reflexión de un observador
Authors: Zarrouk Mourad
Published: July 2023

Artículo
El Movimiento Cultural Amazigue en Marruecos y el modelo de política lingüística estatal: una aproximación discursiva
Authors: Moustaoui Adil
Published: July 2023

El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar el conflicto social y político que existe entre los actores de la política lingüística de Marruecos y los opositores a esta política. En concreto, lo que intentaremos desvelar es cómo el modelo de política lingüística propuesto por el movimiento cultural amazigue es una antítesis del modelo implantado por el poder estatal e institucional en Marruecos, lo que conlleva a una situación de confrontación entre el poder y dicho movimiento. Para ello, analizaremos el discurso del movimiento cultural amazigue en Marruecos en el contexto de la política lingüística estatal que se llevó a cabo desde la independencia hasta la actualidad. Estudiaremos cómo representa dicho movimiento la política lingüística del estado y cuáles son las propuestas y las contestaciones que ofrece. En el análisis que llevaremos a cabo seguiremos como marco teórico y metodológico la sociolingüística descriptiva crítica, la política lingüística y el análisis crítico del discurso, fundamentalmente, su enfoque histórico- discursivo.AbstractThe main contribution of this paper is the analysis of social and political conflicts between linguistic policy-makers in Morocco and their political opponents. Particularly, it will be revealed how the linguistic policy model proposed by the Moroccan-Amazigh Cultural Movement is an antithesis to the one implemented by the state-institutional power in Morocco. Thus, a situation of confrontation between the State and the Amazigh Movement arises. In order to study this conflict, the Amazigh Cultural Movement discourse will be analysed within the context of the state linguistic policy carried out since the Independence of Morocco. We will focus on the representations of the state linguistic policy made by the Amazigh Movement, together with its proposals and contestations. Critical and Descriptive Sociolinguistics, Language Policy and CriticalDiscourse Analysis, in particular its historical approach, will be used as the theoretical and methodological frame for this study.