bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional Intelligence and Organisational Performance in Nepalese Commercial Banks
Authors: KC Pradeep
Published: September 2022

The debate over the topics related to emotional intelligence (EI) and organisational performance has constantly been in discussion in different cultures and in different parts of the world. EI is an essential factor responsible for determining success in life and psychological well-being which plays an important role in better organisational performance. This article, therefore, has assessed the status of EI and organisational performance in Nepalese Commercial Banks and measured the impact of demographic factors on EI. It follows deductive research approach in which descriptive as well as analytical research design has been employed. The sampling units for the study consisted of 9 out of total 27 Nepalese commercial banks, and 67 respondents via convenience sampling with a structured questionnaire. Cronbach's Alpha was calculated to confirm its reliability, which resulted in a score of 0.778. SPSS software package was used to manage and interpret data. The results of the study indicate that both emotional intelligence and organisational performance are present in the commercial banking sector. Analysis revealed that an employee with high emotional intelligence has a high organisational performance in comparison to a less emotionally intelligent person. The impact of matured employees is high on EI, here EI of a male is higher than female whereas the EI of married people is higher than unmarried. The results have implications for recruiting the employees. So, based on the results, it is recommended that an organisation must consider the emotional intelligence of the employees and emotional intelligence can be increased in the banking sector through different training and development programs.
Towards Creating Smart Cities in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Ambika P. , Bhattarai Keshav
Published: September 2022

Many urban centers in the world are seeking to become smart cities. Nepali city leaders are also aspiring to make their cities smart. A smart city basically has clever improvements made in three sectors of its operations: technological, human, and institutional. Globally, many cities have recently made impressive enhancements in at least one or more of these areas. Nepal’s National Planning Commission (NPC) in 2016 had released a concept paper on smart cities for Nepal, defining smart cities as sustainable, information and technology-based, with high quality services and replicable (NPC 2016). As most Nepali cities still operate with limited infrastructure, services, and amenities, making them smart is a challenging task. However, some elements of a smart city can be incrementally and selectively implemented by the Nepali urban governments. This paper assesses the successes and challenges in some of the smart cities globally, and as an example assesses the pollution reduction and efficiency impact of adopting a bus-rapid transit system in Nepal. It is seen that a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system for the Kathmandu Valley consisting of electrical buses, will drastically reduce air pollution, and improve mobility for the residents. Urban leaders in Nepal can begin to identify such a transit related and other smart elements to be gradually implemented in their cities which will improve efficiency of urban services, enhance quality of life for the urban residents, and promote sustainability of the overall urban system.
First-Principles Study of Defected Single Layer Hexagonal Boron-Nitride (h-BN)
Authors: Neupane Hari Krishna , Adhikari Narayan Prasad
Published: September 2022

The novel properties of pristine h-BN, oxygen (O) atom impurity defects in h-BN (h-B(N-O) and h-(B-O)N), one boron (1B) atom vacancy defect in h-BN (h-BN_1B) and one nitrogen (1N) atom vacancy defect in h-BN (h-BN_1N) materials are investigated by spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) using computational tool Quantum ESPRESSO. We found that they are stable materials. From the band structure calculations, we found that all the considered systems are wide bandgap materials. The bandgap energy of pristine h-BN, impurity defects h-B(N-O) and h-(B-O)N, and vacancy defects h-BN_1B and h-BN_1Nmaterials have values 4.98 eV, 4.19 eV& 2.47 eV,and 4.84 eV& 3.62 eV respectively. Also, it is found that h-B(N-O) and h-BN_1N materials have n-type Schottky contact while h-(B-O)N and h-BN_1B materials have p-type Schottky contact. From the analysis ofdensity of states (DOS) and partial density of states (PDOS) calculations, we found that non-magnetic pristine h-BN changes to magnetic h-B(N-O) andh-(B-O)N materials due to presence of impurity defects,and h-BN_1B andh-BN_1N materials due to presence of vacancy defects. Magnetic moments of h-B(N-O), h-(B-O)N, h-BN_1B and h-BN_1N materials are 1.00 µB/cell, 0.94 µB/cell, 3.00 µB/cell and 1.00 µB/cell respectively. They are obtained due to unpaired up and down spins state of electrons in 2p orbital of B and N atoms in the structures.
Complementing Food and Nutrition Security Using Toxin Minimizing Dry Chain and Integrated Pest Management: A Review
Authors: Tiwari Sundar , Shrestha Kshitij , Dhima Meghnath , Timsina Jagadish , Belbase Krishna , Dahal Peetambar
Published: September 2022

Global programs are involved to improve food and nutrition security in the low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Increasing agrobiodiversity by maintaining local genetic resources has been proposed to achieve food and nutrition security. However, technology to maintain local germplasms/seed stocks are not available to the smallholders. This inability to save seeds translates into 25% annual low moisture food losses to rainfall/floods. As moisture builds up in improperly stored foods, insects, and carcinogenic molds proliferate along with nutrient loss. A dry chain (drying and moisture-proof packaging) could minimize these losses and even enable disaster resiliency. About 40% high moisture foods (fruits and vegetables) are lost due to lack of the cold chain facilities. Additionally, most people in the LMICs ingest artificial toxins daily through high moisture foods due to improper pesticide use. The prevalence of health compromising food toxins in nutritious foods has been complicating malnutrition alleviation efforts in the LMICs. Adopting Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies followed by sensitive monitoring could reduce pesticide residues to CODEX standards and enable healthy food systems. A way forward to achieve quality food and nutrition security in the post-Covid-19 era with a particular reference to LMICs like Nepal is presented.
Food Green Cities: A Pathway to Sustainable Urban Development of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Sunil Babu
Published: September 2022

Urbanization is undergoing rapidly in Nepal. The causes are rural to urban migration and addition of municipalities by merging a number of rural areas. During the restructuring of the state, Government of Nepal declared 293 as municipalities among 753 local government units. Considering the municipalities as urban areas, urban population has reached more than sixty percent of Nepal’s total population. But the urban areas still have rural characteristics and insufficient infrastructures. Due to the increasing urbanization, the maintenance of sufficient open spaces, greeneries and the preservation of agricultural lands has become important urban issues in Nepal. The loss of productive lands has resulted in decrease of food self-sufficiency and green spaces in the cities. To tackle this urban issue, the Fourteenth National Development Plan has emphasized the concept of Food Green City (FGC) by integrating urban agriculture into urban planning. This paper aims to elaborate the concept of FGC and explore necessary policy intervention to realize the concept of FGC in practice based on the study of Godawari Municipality of Nepal. Finally, this study recommends FGC as a pathway for sustainable urban development of Nepal by highlighting FGC contribution in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
A Study on the Effect and Policy Effect of the Resale Regulation on the Sale: Focused on the Seoul Metropolitan Area
Authors:   Korea Real Estate Academy, Sung Joo Han
Published: September 2022

(1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the Moon Jae-in administration's regulation on the resale on apartment sales prices, and to understand the effect and policy effect of the reinforcement of the resale regulation on the sale price of apartments in Seoul and the metropolitan area since November 2016.
(2) RESEARCH METHOD This study employed the fixed effect model, random effect model, and difference-in differences model to achieve the major objectives of this study.
(3) RESEARCH FINDINGS The implications of this study are as follows. First, it was possible to grasp the impact of apartment sale prices in the short term as well as the policy effects in the long term due to the strengthening of regulations on the resale of the Moon Jae-in government after November 3, 2016. For this reason, it was judged that the strengthening of regulations on the resale after 2016 had short-term effects, but no long-term effects.
Second, this study was possible because panel data that combined cross-sectional data and time series data was constructed, so that the restrictions on resale of presale rights could be identified regionally or temporally.
2. RESULTS As a result of this study, it was found that resale regulation had a negative (-) effect on apartment sales prices in the short term, but in the long term, it is understood that it increases apartment sales prices, so there is no policy effect.
Property Registration and Representative Property Systemin Colonial Korea: An Empirical Study of the Economic Growth
Authors:   Korea Real Estate Academy, Han Zonghie
Published: September 2022

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to investigate de Soto(2000)’s model of representative property system in the Colonial Korea empirically.
(2) RESEARCH METHOD This study was carried out by the method of time series analysis, including unit root test, Johansen cointegration test and Granger causality as well as the structural change test.
(3) RESEARCH FINDINGS In the results of this survey, Johansen cointegration test shows that property registration, collateral, bank loan and GDP are cointegrated with each other. Granger causality is exhibited from property registry to GDP, company number and manufacture output, not vice versa..
2. RESULTS This study shows that the number of the Property Registration was drastically increased after the Land Survey Project was completed in 1918, alongside the collateral and bank loan.
Mask Detection System Using Convolutional Neural Network Method on Surveillance Camera
Authors: Asana I Made Dwi Putra , Pradana Gede Aldhi , Handika I Putu Susila , Murpratiwi Santi Ika
Published: September 2022

The Covid-19 has been an epidemic that has taken the world by storm since the beginning of 2020. This Covid-19 outbreak can spread easily through the air. Because Covid-19 can transmit easily, the government implements new behavior based on an adaption to develop a clean and healthy lifestyle which is often called the new normal. One way to live the new normal is to wear a mask when leaving the house. To help increase public awareness in using masks, numerous technology- based studies have been carried out. This article explain an application using the python programming language that applies digital image processing in terms of detecting the use of masks using Deep Learning with the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method to classify data that has been labeled using the supervised learning method. In designing this CNN architectural model, a total of 2110 images of people wearing and without wearing masks will be used, this dataset will be divided into 2 parts, with a rate of 8020, where 80 of the dataset will be used as training data, 20 is used as validation data. In testing the model by taking a total of 100 images with a 5050 ratio between face images using masks and not using masks tested using a confusion matrix, it produces 97% of an accuracy rate, 100% of precision rate, and 94% of recall in recognizing facial images that use masks and don't use masks
“Who Am I to Judge These Things”: Intersectional Dimensions of Self-Silencing of People with a Neuromuscular Disease in a Clinical Trial
Authors: Cuijpers Floor , Muntinga Maaike , Bakker Minne , Dilaver Gönül , van den Hoven Mariëtte , Verdonk Petra
Published: September 2022

Ethical guidelines protecting medical research participants have been criticized for stripping the sociocultural contexts of research. This critique is urgent considering ongoing calls to account for participant diversity in recruitment and inclusion procedures. Our intersectional analysis of illness narratives explores how sociostructural factors might play a role in participants’ exposure to research-related harm in clinical trials. Although widening participation does respond to generalizability concerns, we argue that gendered, classed, and ableist processes of self-silencing could simultaneously enhance risk of harm for participants with multiple oppressed identities. To prevent this, researchers might actively involve participants when designing trials.
A Summary of Conscience in Reproductive Health Care: Prioritizing Patient Interests
Authors: McLeod Carolyn
Published: September 2022

At the 2022 Central American Philosophical Association meeting (Chicago, Illinois, February 23–26), there was an Author-Meets-Critics session on Carolyn McLeod’s (2020 ) book, Conscience in Reproductive Health Care: Prioritizing Patient Interests. The event was organized and chaired by Heather Stewart and sponsored by the APA Committee on the Status of Women and Kate Norlock, chair of that committee. There were four speakers, including McLeod and three “critics”: Javiera Perez Gomez, Alison Reinheld, and Jennifer Parks, who were all generous enough to provide McLeod with their comments beforehand. The sessions occurred over Zoom even though some speakers were present in person at the conference.

McLeod kicked things off by providing a summary of her book, which was then followed by critical (and supportive!) comments by the critics in the order in which they’re named above. McLeod responded to their remarks and then Stewart led a Q&A session with our small but lively and intelligent audience. The content of what was said has been reproduced here.
El emprendimiento como una variable clave de la economía personal
Authors: Hernández García Edwin Arbey
Published: September 2022

En general, la economía personal y familiar estudia cinco variables claves: (1) ingresos, (2) gastos, (3) ahorros e inversión, (4) créditos, y (5) presupuesto. Por su parte, las personas pueden generar ingresos por medio de dos fuentes: el salario como empleados o las ganancias de sus emprendimientos. Por lo cual, el emprendimiento es una variable importante dentro de los ingresos, de manera que, es posible proyectar a mediano y largo plazo estabilidad económica en las personas y familias. Esto llama la atención para que economía tenga dentro de sus prioridades de estudios e investigaciones la actividad empresarial y del emprendimiento (Audrestch, 2007; Peñaloza, Ramírez y Ramírez, 2019)
Resiliencia: convergencia de emociones y experiencias docentes en la educación a distancia en tiempos de la COVID-19
Authors: Quijada Lovatón Karin Yovana , Gómez Nashiki Antonio
Published: September 2022

El objetivo fue analizar las acciones resilientes que desarrollaron docentes de educación básica para la atención de sus estudiantes y familiares durante la educación a distancia derivada de la pandemia a causa de la COVID-19. El estudio se apoya en la teoría fundamentada como herramienta de análisis y en entrevistas en línea y telefónicas a veinte docentes de educación básica de ocho estados de la república mexicana. Los principales hallazgos se dividen en: a) resiliencia grupal, que incluye la conformación de redes de apoyo con distintos sectores de la comunidad que sirvieron para dar continuidad a las actividades académicas; las acciones de gestión de directores y docentes para atender el reto de habilitación tecnológica y la atención a las constantes demandas administrativas; las estrategias innovadoras que implementaron de manera emergente para mantener la comunicación con estudiantes y padres de familia; y b) resiliencia individual, que comprendió estrategias de contención emocional; el desarrollo de una rápida adaptación y renovación de su práctica; el apoyo a través de la empatía y acciones solidarias; la conformación de acciones creativas en zonas rurales e indígenas sin mediación tecnológica; y las consecuencias negativas para los docentes, como agotamiento físico y emocional.
Osteomielitis tuberculosa del cráneo, a propósito de un caso
Authors: Silva Poaquiza Violeta Alexandra , Nauque Moposita Nelsinio Alfonso , Andrade Albán Noemí del Rocío
Published: September 2022

La tuberculosis craneal es una entidad rara, que inicia con una infección de la médula espinal y se extiende a las placas externas e internas del cráneo, provocando la destrucción del hueso y la formación de tejido de granulación causando una colección de secreción purulenta, edema y dolor en la zona afectada. El diagnostico requiere la demostración de los bacilos ácido-resistentes en el frotis de la muestra mediante la tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen y la presencia de un granuloma caseoso histopatológico. El tratamiento puede ser médico o quirúrgico dependiendo la complejidad de la patología. Se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 45 años, quien acude por presentar herida abierta en la región parietal izquierda, causado por antecedente de craneotomía debido a trauma craneoencefálico hace 6 años, en el cultivo de la lesión descrita se reportó positivo para bacilos acido-resistentes, recibiendo el paciente terapia antituberculosa con buena respuesta clínica. Este es un caso inusual que se reporta para conocimiento y definir conductas diagnósticas y terapéuticas ante una presentación atípica de tuberculosis extrapulmonar.
Actualización sobre fisiopatología y manejo inicial de diverticulitis aguda
Authors: Cascante Gutiérrez Allison , Arriola Gutiérrez Jordan , Castillo Arias Randall
Published: September 2022

La diverticulitis aguda es un desorden gastrointestinal que genera significativa morbilidad y costos al sistema de salud. Entre los factores predisponentes se encuentra la obesidad central, el fumado, y la alimentación alta en carnes rojas y baja en fibra. La forma de presentación más común es dolor abdominal en cuadrante inferior izquierdo, con síntomas sistémicos incluyendo fiebre y malestar general. No obstante, puede progresar a peritonitis con inestabilidad hemodinámica. La escala de clasificación más utilizada para guiar el tratamiento agudo es la de Hinchey. De esta forma, los estadíos Hinchey I y II pueden abordarse de manera conservadora, con dieta de líquidos claros, antibióticos, y drenaje de abscesos de ser necesario. Algunos pacientes selectos podrían recibir tratamiento ambulatorio de forma segura y eficaz. Por otra parte, los estadíos Hinchey III y IV corresponden a pacientes con peritonitis que requieren abordaje quirúrgico urgente, con procedimiento de Hartmann de preferencia. Durante la pandemia por COVID-19, se observó una tendencia mayor hacia el tratamiento conservador y ambulatorio cuando fue posible, sobre el abordaje quirúrgico e intrahospitalario.
Trastorno de déficit atencional e hiperactividad: Implicaciones para el género femenino en relación con sospecha diagnóstica, diagnóstico y terapéutica
Authors: Otoya Chaves Fiorella , González Aguilar María José , Sequeira Araya Alejandra
Published: September 2022

El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad, es una alteración del comportamiento con bases en el neurodesarrollo, es prevalente durante la niñez, sin limitarse a esta. Debido a sus comorbilidades y riesgos asociados, esta afección representa un problema de salud pública. Cuando se trata de la sospecha, diagnóstico y terapéutica del trastorno de déficit atencional e hiperactividad, múltiples reportes se han referido a las diferencias existentes en materia de género. La mayor prevalencia en hombres y sus mayores registros de tratamiento, han elevado la sospecha de una disparidad que puede llegar a impactar negativamente a mujeres que padecen este trastorno. Se mencionan como principales obstáculos asociados al género femenino, la falta de sospecha, diagnósticos tardíos o ausentes y tratamientos no óptimos. La importancia de reconocer estas diferencias radica no solo en, esclarecer la teoría respecto a la patología, sino en brindar a las y los individuos que padecen este trastorno, atención médica y seguimiento de calidad.
Budaya Atoni Pah Meto dalam Resolusi Konflik Masyarakat Perbatasan Indonesia dan Timor Leste
Authors: Binsasi Heribertus
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya konflik masyarakat perbatasan Indonesia dan Timor Leste dalam perebutan lahan pada titik Un-Surveyed Segment dan Un-Resolved Segment. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji budaya Atoni Pah Meto dalam resolusi konflik masyarakat perbatasan Indonesia dan Timor Leste. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus.  Subyek penelitian ini adalah tokoh adat, tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dan Distrik Oecusse. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, Budaya Atoni Pah Meto dalam resolusi konflik masyarakat perbatasan Indonesia dan Timor Leste pada titik Un-Surveyed Segment dan Un-Resolved Segment dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu 1) kedua kelompok masyarakat bertemu dan saling menyuguhkan sirih pinang (maloe mamat); 2) dialog bersama (tamolok tabua); 3) ritual adat (natone); 4) sumpah adat (tiun menu).
Galsania Richter, 1993, a distinct genus of tachinids (Diptera: Tachinidae)
Authors: Richter V.A.
Published: September 2022

The generic status of Galsania Richter is resurrected; the name is not a junior synonym of Goniocera B. & B.
Problems Faced by Visitors in Pakistan: A Case Study of Kaghan Valley, Mansehra
Authors: Arif Anas Mahmud , Hameed Abdul , Anwar Adnan
Published: September 2022

Pakistan is one of the most beautiful countries in the world and has enormous potential to attract a maximum number of visitors who are eager to satisfy their diverse motivations. Kaghan valley being the northern part of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, is one of the most beautiful valleys and hill stations in the country. It is an emerging and one of the most significant destinations in the country. Every year millions of visitors visit this valley to enjoy the nature and unique cultural heritage of the area. However, due to unplanned tourism, many problems arise that cause dissatisfaction among the visitors. This paper is an attempt to highlight some of the major problems faced by visitors in the valley and make the relevant stakeholders aware of these issues. This research is the result of authors' field surveys and feedback from the five hundred visitors,collected in the form of questionnaires.
A system of anatomical triangles defining dissection routes to brainstem cavernous malformations: definitions and application to a cohort of 183 patients
Authors: Benner Dimitri , Hendricks Benjamin K. , Benet Arnau , Graffeo Christopher S. , Scherschinski Lea , Srinivasan Visish M. , Catapano Joshua S. , Lawrence Peter M. , Schornak Mark , Lawton Michael T.
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Anatomical triangles defined by intersecting neurovascular structures delineate surgical routes to pathological targets and guide neurosurgeons during dissection steps. Collections or systems of anatomical triangles have been integrated into skull base surgery to help surgeons navigate complex regions such as the cavernous sinus. The authors present a system of triangles specifically intended for resection of brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs). This system of triangles is complementary to the authors’ BSCM taxonomy that defines dissection routes to these lesions.

METHODS

The anatomical triangle through which a BSCM was resected microsurgically was determined for the patients treated during a 23-year period who had both brain MRI and intraoperative photographs or videos available for review.

RESULTS

Of 183 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 50 had midbrain lesions (27%), 102 had pontine lesions (56%), and 31 had medullary lesions (17%). The craniotomies used to resect these BSCMs included the extended retrosigmoid (66 [36.1%]), midline suboccipital (46 [25.1%]), far lateral (30 [16.4%]), pterional/orbitozygomatic (17 [9.3%]), torcular (8 [4.4%]), and lateral suboccipital (8 [4.4%]) approaches. The anatomical triangles through which the BSCMs were most frequently resected were the interlobular (37 [20.2%]), vallecular (32 [17.5%]), vagoaccessory (30 [16.4%]), supracerebellar-infratrochlear (16 [8.7%]), subtonsillar (14 [7.7%]), oculomotor-tentorial (11 [6.0%]), infragalenic (8 [4.4%]), and supracerebellar-supratrochlear (8 [4.4%]) triangles. New but infrequently used triangles included the vertebrobasilar junctional (1 [0.5%]), supratrigeminal (3 [1.6%]), and infratrigeminal (5 [2.7%]) triangles. Overall, 15 BSCM subtypes were exposed through 6 craniotomies, and the approach was redirected to the BSCM by one of the 14 triangles paired with the BSCM subtype.

CONCLUSIONS

A system of BSCM triangles, including 9 newly defined triangles, was introduced to guide dissection to these lesions. The use of an anatomical triangle better defines the pathway taken through the craniotomy to the lesion and refines the conceptualization of surgical approaches. The triangle concept and the BSCM triangle system increase the precision of dissection through subarachnoid corridors, enhance microsurgical execution, and potentially improve patient outcomes.
Development and validation of a new disease-specific quality of life instrument for sporadic vestibular schwannoma: the Mayo Clinic Vestibular Schwannoma Quality of Life Index
Authors: Carlson Matthew L. , Lohse Christine M. , Link Michael J. , Tombers Nicole M. , McCaslin Devin L. , Saoji Aniket A. , Hutchins Melanie , Yost Kathleen J.
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Facial nerve function, hearing preservation, and tumor control have been the primary benchmarks used to assess vestibular schwannoma (VS) outcomes. Acknowledging the frequent discrepancy between what physicians prioritize and what patients value, there has been increasing prioritization of patient-reported outcome measures when evaluating the impact of VS diagnosis and its treatment. Motivated by reported limitations of prior instruments used to assess quality of life (QOL) in patients with VS, the authors describe the development and validation of a new disease-specific QOL measure: the Vestibular Schwannoma Quality of Life (VSQOL) Index.

METHODS

The content development phase comprised identification of clinically important domains and prioritization of feelings or concerns individuals with VS may have. The validation phase encompassed determining how items were grouped into domains and eliminating redundant items. Both phases leveraged data from cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys, expertise from a multidisciplinary working group, and patients with a broad range of experiences with VS (n = 42 during content development and n = 263 during validation). Domain scores from the new instrument were assessed for reliability and correlation with other measures of similar constructs.

RESULTS

The VSQOL Index consists of 40 items that evaluate the impact of VS diagnosis and its management on QOL, treatment satisfaction, and employment and is estimated to take 8–10 minutes to complete. Domain scores range from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) and demonstrate excellent psychometric properties, including content, construct, and convergent validity and both internal consistency (Cronbach’s alphas 0.83 to 0.91) and test-retest reliability (reliability coefficients 0.86 to 0.96).

CONCLUSIONS

The VSQOL Index is a valid and reliable measure that overcomes several limitations of prior instruments, including omission or underrepresentation of domains that frequently impact well-being, such as pain, cognition, satisfaction or regret surrounding treatment decisions, and occupational limitations, to comprehensively evaluate the impact of VS diagnosis or its treatment on QOL.
Evidence for a critical role of the left inferior parietal lobule and underlying white matter connectivity in proficient text reading
Authors: Boissonneau Sébastien , Lemaître Anne-Laure , Herbet Guillaume , Ng Sam , Duffau Hugues , Moritz-Gasser Sylvie
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Reading proficiency is an important skill for personal and socio-professional daily life. Neurocognitive models underlie a dual-route organization for word reading, in which information is processed by both a dorsal phonological "assembled phonology route" and a ventral lexical-semantic "addressed phonology route." Because proficient reading should not be reduced to the ability to read words one after another, the current study was designed to shed light on the neural bases specifically underpinning text reading and the relative contributions of each route to this skill.

METHODS

Twenty-two patients with left-sided, diffuse, low-grade glioma who underwent operations while awake were included. They were divided into 3 groups on the basis of tumor location: the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) group (n = 6), inferior temporal gyrus (Tinf) group (n = 6), and fronto-insular (control) group (n = 10). Spoken language and reading abilities were tested in all patients the day before surgery, during surgery, and 3 months after surgery, and cognitive functioning was evaluated before and 3 months after surgery. Text-reading scores obtained before and 3 months after surgery were compared within each group and between groups, correlations between reading scores and both spoken language and cognitive scores were calculated, postoperative cortical-subcortical resection location was estimated, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between reading proficiency and lesion location.

RESULTS

The results indicated that only the patients in the IPL group showed a significant decrease in text-reading scores between periods, which was not associated with lower scores in naming or verbal fluency; patients in the Tinf group showed a slight nonsignificant decrease in text reading between periods, which was associated with a clear decrease in naming and semantic verbal fluency; and patients in the control group showed no differences between preoperative and postoperative reading and spoken language scores. The results of the analysis of these behavioral results and anatomical data (resection cavities and white matter damage) suggest critical roles for the left inferior parietal lobule and underlying white matter connectivity, especially the posterior segment of the arcuate fasciculus, in proficient text reading.

CONCLUSIONS

Text-reading proficiency may depend on not only the integrity of both processing routes but also their capacity for interaction, with critical roles for the left inferior parietal lobule and posterior arcuate fasciculus. These findings have fundamental as well as clinical implications.
Sickle Cell Anaemia among Tharu Population Visiting the Outpatient Department of General Medicine in a Secondary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Pandey Subhash , Shrestha Nitesh
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Sickle cell anaemia is a global health issue in which a mutation of the β-globin gene changes normal haemoglobin in sickle-shaped red blood cells. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of sickle cell anaemia among the Tharu population visiting the outpatient Department of General Medicine in a secondary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the Tharu population in the Department of General Medicine of a secondary care centre from 10 January 2020 to 10 June 2022. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of the same institute (Reference number: 590/2076-077). A convenience sampling technique was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Out of 409 patients, 60 (14.67%) (11.24-18.10, 95% Confidence Interval) had sickle cell anaemia. Among them, 45 (75%) patients had sickle cell trait and 15 (25%) patients had sickle cell disease.
Conclusions: The prevalence of sickle cell anaemia was higher when compared to other studies conducted in similar settings. The government needs to emphasise more effort in diagnosing cases as well as increasing the testing centre.
Stillbirths among Pregnant Women Admitted to Department of Obstetrics in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Khadka Dambar , Dhakal Keshar Bahadur , Dhakal Astha , Dhakal Rai Sulochana
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Stillbirth is often defined as the death of a foetus in the uterus prior to its birth or during the process of birth. Most of the stillbirths are preventable global health problem. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of stillbirths among pregnant women admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care centre among pregnant women admitted between 14 April 2021 to 13 April 2022. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 43). Convenience sampling method was used. The data was collected from the medical record section using a proforma. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 5118 pregnant women, stillbirths were found in 126 (2.46%) (2.04-2.88, 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of stillbirth among pregnant women was higher than in the other studies done in similar settings.
Morphological variations in Placentas among Deliveries in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shrestha Iju , Gautam Pratigyan , Khaiju Sanam
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The full term human placenta is a flattened discoidal mass with an approximately circular or oval outline. However, variations can be present in the morphology in the form of bidiscoidal shape, lobed, diffused, fenestrated or circumvallate. The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of morphological variations in placentas among deliveries in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among total in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a tertiary care centre after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 2308202105). The study was conducted between September 2021 to November 2021 and the shape of the placenta was observed and the variations present were noted. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Out of 105 placentas observed, morphological variations were seen in two (1.91%) (0-4.53, 95% Confidence Interval). One (50%) was observed to be placenta succenturiata and one (50%) was triangular in shape.
Conclusions: The prevalence of morphological variations in placentas was found to be higher than the studies done in similar settings.
Pneumonia among Children Admitted to the Department of Medicine in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: B.K. Raj Kumar , Shrestha Swesha , Adhikari Siddhant , Maharjan Shristi
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Pneumonia is one of the most common infectious causes of death in children around the world, accounting for 14% of all deaths of children under five years of age. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of pneumonia among children admitted to the Department of Medicine of a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine of paediatrics tertiary care centre from 1 July 2021 to 30 June 2022 among children aged 2-59 months. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 94). Convenience sampling method was used. Data were collected from hospital records during the study period. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 385 children, pneumonia was seen in 76 (19.74%) (15.76-23.72, 95% Confidence Interval) children. A total of 30 (39.47%) patients were in the age group of 2-11 months, 52 (68.42%) were males, 38 (50%) required O2 supplementation, 26 (34.21%) required transfer to the Intensive Care Unit, and 53 (69.74%) patients stayed for <7 days in the hospital.
Conclusions: The prevalence of pneumonia in children admitted to the Department of Medicine was found to be higher than similar studies conducted in similar settings, with higher prevalence in young infants and the male sex than other age groups and genders, respectively.
Birinci Trimester Ultrasonografi Bulgularından İntrakranial Saydamlık Ölçümünün Fetal Anomali ve Gebelik Komplikasyonlarını Öngörmedeki Etkinliğinin Araştırılması
Authors: AYNAOĞLU YILDIZ Gülşah , SÜT Hasan
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Biz bu çalışmamızda, Türk popülasyonunda 11-14. gebelik haftaları için IT ve BPD persantil değerleri oluşturmayı ve intrakranial saydamlık ölçümünün fetal anomali ve gebelik komplikasyonlarını öngörmedeki etkinliğini araştırmayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamız retrospektif olarak Ocak 2022 - Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında Tıp Fakültesi Perinatoloji polikliniğinde 535 hastanın verileri değerlendirilerek yapılmıştır. Gestasyonel yaş (GA), son adet tarihinin ilk gününden itibaren hesaplandı ve baş-popo uzunluğu (CRL) ölçülerek doğrulandı. CRL ölçümleri 45-84 mm arasında olan tekil gebelikler çalışmaya dahil edildi. Yapısal veya kromozom anomalisi olan, NT ≥3 mm olan, ultrasonografide spina bifida saptanan veya intrauterin ex fetüs saptanan gebelikler çalışma dışı bırakıldı.

Bulgular: 535 gebe hasta değerlendirilmiş, 15 ikiz gebelik, yapısal veya kromozomal anomalili fetüsler (dördü kistik higroma, ikisi down sendromlu, ikisi ensefalosel ve biri vertebral anomalili), intrauterin ex fetüs (n=2) , NT ölçümleri ≥ 3 mm olan (n=5) toplam 31 gebe çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Geriye kalan 504 gebe, CRL ölçümleri 45-54 mm, 55-64 mm, 65-74 mm ve 75-84 mm olacak şekilde gruplandırılarak; IT ve BPD'nin 5., 50. ve 95. persentil değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca IT ve BPD'nin 5., 50. ve 95. persentil değerleri, gebelik haftaları 11-11 hafta 6 gün ,12-12 hafta 6 gün, 13-13 hafta 6 gün ve 14-14 hafta 2 gün olarak gruplandırılarak hesaplanmıştır.

Sonuç: İlk trimesterde BPD ve IT için belirlenen 95 persentil değerlerinin mevcut popülasyonda açık spina bifida, anöploidi ve yapısal kraniyal anomalilerin taranmasında kullanılabilecek pratik yöntemler olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.
Raumplanung und Wald auf kommunaler Ebene: grosses Potenzial für Kooperation
Authors: Brantschen Evelyn Coleman , Hersperger Anna , Chopard Sidney
Published: September 2022

Die Raumplanung und der Wald sind eng miteinander verknüpft und beeinflussen sich gegenseitig. Schutz und Nutzung des Waldes sind jedoch nicht im Raumplanungsgesetz, sondern im Waldgesetz geregelt. Deshalb ist der Wald keine Zone im raumplanerischen Sinn. Mit dem strikten, im Waldgesetz geregelten Walderhaltungsgebot geniesst er einen höheren Schutz als etwa die Landwirtschaftsfläche. Diese engen Verknüpfungen führen seit jeh zu Schnittstellenproblemen. Dieses Essay analysiert Planungsdokumente in sieben Schweizer Gemeinden und hebt insbesondere die Chancen und Herausforderungen auf kommunaler Ebene hervor. Zwei Waldfunktionen kommen dabei besonders häufig in kommunalen Planungsdokumenten vor: die ökologische Funktion (23.6% der Nennungen) und die Erholungsfunktion (17.9%). Die wirtschaftliche Funktion und die Schutzfunktion sind deutlich weniger präsent. Die in den untersuchten Gemeinden festgestellte Vielfalt an Verbindungen zwischen kommunalen raumplanerischen Instrumenten und Instrumenten der forstlichen Planung überrascht vor dem Hintergrund der als schwierig geltenden Zusammenarbeit.
Challenges forestiers – réponses sylvicoles
Authors: Blanc Romain , Saucy Mélila
Published: September 2022

La forêt suisse, par une gestion adaptée, rend de nombreux services à la société qui sont résumés par les quatre fonctions forestières: protection, économie, écologie et accueil. Cependant, les propriétaires et gestionnaires forestiers se retrouvent face à des difficultés pour assurer le maintien de cette multifonctionnalité. Cette synthèse bibliographique dresse une liste des grandes problématiques actuelles auxquelles ils sont confrontés, ainsi que des recommandations sylvicoles y relatives à leur disposition. Une enquête auprès des services forestiers cantonaux a étayé cette démarche et consolidé les résultats. Neuf problématiques impactant la gestion des forêts de manière notable et globale se sont démarquées: changements climatiques, problèmes économiques et leurs effets, attaques de scolytes, dégâts du gibier, augmentation des activités de détente et de loisirs, promotion de la biodiversité, atteintes aux sols forestiers, effets de la forêt sur l’eau potable, et feux de forêt. En réponse, la synthèse des recommandations sylvicoles relatives à ces problématiques a permis d’aboutir à 22 mesures principales les influençant dans une perspective de multifonctionnalité durable. 14 de ces recommandations sylvicoles correspondent à différentes notions caractéristiques de la «sylviculture proche de la nature», et douze d’entre elles s’avèrent inhérentes au mode de traitement de la forêt irrégulière, qui se montre donc particulièrement favorable à leur application.
Waldpolitischer Jahresrückblick 2021
Authors: Ohmura Tamaki , Norer Roland , Lieberherr Eva
Published: September 2022

Das Bundesamt für Umwelt publizierte im Dezember 2021 den neuen Massnahmenplan «Waldpolitik: Ziele und Massnahmen 2021–2024». Damit wird die «Waldpolitik 2020» weitergeführt. Für die Zeit nach 2024 hat der Bundesrat die Prüfung einer Zusammenführung mit der Ressourcenpolitik Holz zu einer integralen Wald- und Holzstrategie in Auftrag gegeben. Auf der gesetzgeberischen Ebene wurde 2021 ein Verbot für den Handel mit illegal geschlagenem Holz und den daraus gefertigten Produkten verankert. In der Waldverordnung hat der Bundesrat die rechtliche Grundlage für Rundholzlagerplätze im Wald geschaffen. Infolge eines parlamentarischen Vorstosses wird der Schweizer Wald seit 2021 während vier Jahren mit zusätzlichen 25 Millionen Bundesgeldern pro Jahr unterstützt, womit die nachhaltige Nutzung und Pflege des Waldes sichergestellt werden soll. Das Bundesgericht äusserte sich 2021 neunmal zu waldrechtlichen Fragen. Dabei ging es vor allem um verfahrensrechtliche Fragen im Zusammenhang mit Rodungsbewilligungen sowie um Fragen des Waldabstands. Schliesslich war der Wald auch Thema in verschiedenen anderen Politikbereichen, zum Beispiel wenn es um die Revision des Jagdgesetzes beziehungsweise der Jagdverordnung, um einen Gegenvorschlag zur Landschafts- oder Biodiversitätsinitiative, um die Stärkung der Kreislaufwirtschaft oder um die Erreichung der Klimaziele ging.
HABITUS DAN LINTASAN DHARMADI DALAM EKSISTENSI KEPENYAIRAN SASTRA BANYUMAS
Authors: Marahayu Nila Mega , Octaria Putri Nurharyani  , Bivit Anggoro Prasetyo Nugroho
Published: September 2022

literature’s treasures. Therefore, it is necessary to study in full by examining the poet's biography, relations and acknowledgement, as well as awards and ideological thoughts of the poets. Dharmadi is a part of the local literature of Banyumas’ poet by instilling and determining his position as a poet with a long process to gain legitimacy. The purpose of this study is to perpetuate the assets of Banyumas' local literary treasures and provide the alternative resources in viewing Banyumas literature from the genre of poem and poetry. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with the theory is the sociological literary criticism of the cultural production arena by Pierre Bourdieu. The results of this research show that the habitus and trajectory are strong supporting factors in Dharmadi's existence of the literary poetry in Banyumas arena. Dharmadi's habitus consists of three elements; historical products habitus, preconscious habitus, regular and patterned habitus. In addition, finding the trajectory of Dharmadi which is individual as a route in the poet's journey to reach the position of the poet in the arena of Banyumas cultural production.
INTERFERENSI BAHASA TORAJA KE PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA KHOTBAH DI GEREJA KATOLIK MAKALE
Authors: Gasong Dina , Tanduk Rita
Published: September 2022

Dalam menyampaikan pesan kepada masyarakat secara lisan, sering terjadi interferensi Bahasa Indonesia oleh Bahasa ibu dan kondisi sosial penutur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengenali jenis dan bentuk interferensi Bahasa Toraja ke dalam penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia pada Khotbah  di Gereja Katolik  di stasi “Hati Tak Bernoda Santa Perawan Maria” di Makale. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian ini, maka digunakan teori Sosiolinguistik yang relevan dengan penelitian kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah data kebahasaan berupa kata, frasa, kalimat, leksikon, dan paragraf yang memiliki interferensi Bahasa. Data kebahasaan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode Simak dengan teknik rekam dan catat. Setelah data terkumpul, selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan metode Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa yang meliputi empat langkah yaitu: (1) identifikasi Kesalahan, (2) deskripsi kesalahan, (3) penjelasan kesalahan, (4)kuantifikasi kesalahan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada 4 Jenis interferensi Leksikal Bahasa dalam khotbah ‘Pengantar’ di Gereja Katolik di Makale, yaitu: (1) Interferensi kelas kata pronominal (kata ganti), (2) Interferensi kelas kata verba (kata kerja), (3) Bentuk interferensi leksikal pada kelas kata adjektiva (kata sifat),  (4) Interferensi leksikal pada kelas kata adverbia (kata keterangan). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, ada berbagai bentuk interferensi Bahasa Toraja ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia.