bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVIEWS OF ACOUSTICAL PATENTS
Authors: Fulop Sean A.
Published: December 2019

The purpose of these acoustical patent reviews is to provide enough information for a Journal reader to decide whether to seek more information from the patent itself. Any opinions expressed here are those of the reviewers as individuals and are not legal opinions. Patents are available via the internet at the USPTO website, and also using Google Patents.
Preseason Injury Rates in a Division II Football Team Before and After the 2017 NCAA Practice Rule Changes
Authors: Smith John J. , Baer Daniel J.
Published: December 2019

In 2017, the NCAA implemented rule changes to enhance safety in college football; however, the effect on injury risk remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to observe differences in the number and rate of injuries and time-loss injuries in an NCAA Division II football team during two consecutive preseasons, before and after the rule changes. From 2016 to 2017, we observed a decrease in lower extremity (LE) muscle strains from 1.00 injury/session to 0.55 injuries/session. We also observed a decrease in time-loss LE muscle strains from 0.52 injuries/session in 2016 to 0.20 injuries/session in 2017. After the rule changes, we observed fewer time-loss injuries (14.06% decrease), acute LE strains (45.00% decrease), and time-loss LE strains (61.54% decrease) per preseason practice session. These findings suggest that the rule changes may help reduce both the number and severity of LE muscle strains during preseason football.
In vitro selection predicts malaria parasite resistance to dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors in a mouse infection model
Authors: Mandt Rebecca E. K. , Lafuente-Monasterio Maria Jose , Sakata-Kato Tomoyo , Luth Madeline R. , Segura Delfina , Pablos-Tanarro Alba , Viera Sara , Magan Noemi , Ottilie Sabine , Winzeler Elizabeth A. , Lukens Amanda K. , Gamo Francisco Javier , Wirth Dyann F.
Published: December 2019

The malaria parasite
Plasmodium falciparum
readily develops resistance to dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors in vitro and in a mouse model of infection.
Targeting cellular heterogeneity with CXCR2 blockade for the treatment of therapy-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Li Yanjing , He Yiping , Butler William , Xu Lingfan , Chang Yan , Lei Kefeng , Zhang Hong , Zhou Yinglu , Gao Allen C. , Zhang Qingfu , Taylor Daniel G. , Cheng Donghui , Farber-Katz Suzette , Karam Rachid , Landrith Tyler , Li Bing , Wu Sitao , Hsuan Vickie , Yang Qing , Hu Hailiang , Chen Xufeng , Flowers Melissa , McCall Shannon J. , Lee John K. , Smith Bryan A. , Park Jung Wook , Goldstein Andrew S. , Witte Owen N. , Wang Qianben , Rettig Matthew B. , Armstrong Andrew J. , Cheng Qing , Huang Jiaoti
Published: December 2019

Cellular heterogeneity of PCa contributes to hormonal therapy failure, but CXCR2 on neuroendocrine cells is a potential therapeutic target.
A once-a-month oral contraceptive
Authors: Kirtane Ameya R. , Hua Tiffany , Hayward Alison , Bajpayee Ambika , Wahane Aniket , Lopes Aaron , Bensel Taylor , Ma Lihong , Stanczyk Frank Z. , Brooks Sierra , Gwynne Declan , Wainer Jacob , Collins Joy , Tamang Siddartha M. , Langer Robert , Traverso Giovanni
Published: December 2019

An oral dosage form that resides in the stomach releases the contraceptive levonorgestrel over 1 month in pigs.
Colitis from a chubby colon
Authors: Yang Ming
Published: December 2019

Neonatal overfeeding causes disruptions in the microbiome and intestinal homeostasis, which precedes colitis development in adulthood.
Retrospective Analysis of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of
Nocardia
Species from a Tertiary Hospital and Reference Laboratory, 2011 to 2017
Authors: Hamdi Ahmed M. , Fida Madiha , Deml Sharon M. , Abu Saleh Omar M. , Wengenack Nancy L.
Published: December 2019

Nocardia
species are found worldwide and are opportunistic pathogens of both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. Recent updates to the taxonomy of this genus have indicated that there are more than 90 recognized species of
Nocardia
with 54 species reported to be clinically relevant.
Trypsin Treatment Unlocks Barrier for Zoonotic Bat Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Menachery Vineet D. , Dinnon Kenneth H. , Yount Boyd L. , McAnarney Eileen T. , Gralinski Lisa E. , Hale Andrew , Graham Rachel L. , Scobey Trevor , Anthony Simon J. , Wang Lingshu , Graham Barney , Randell Scott H. , Lipkin W. Ian , Baric Ralph S.
Published: December 2019

Overall, our studies demonstrate that proteolytic cleavage is the primary barrier to infection for a subset of zoonotic coronaviruses. Moving forward, the results argue that both receptor binding and proteolytic cleavage of the spike are critical factors that must be considered for evaluating the emergence potential and risk posed by zoonotic coronaviruses. In addition, the findings also offer a novel means to recover previously uncultivable zoonotic coronavirus strains and argue that other tissues, including the digestive tract, could be a site for future coronavirus emergence events in humans.
Neuropsychiatric reactions induced by cycloserine in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: what an Indian female patient tells us
Authors: Intini Enrica , Kishore Girija , Richeldi Luca , Udwadia Zarir F
Published: December 2019

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis continues to be a public health crisis. Urgent action is required to improve the coverage and quality of diagnosis, treatment and care for people affected by drug-resistant tuberculosis. To implement tuberculosis control, in 2018, WHO recommended cycloserine as one of the Group B drugs. Following this recommendation, cycloserine should be generally included in the starting line-up in the longer regimen for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. However, neurological toxicity associated with this drug concerns clinicians and limits its use. In this paper, we present a case of a 48-year-old woman with a diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treated with cycloserine, who developed psychiatric adverse events after 3 months of administration. This case shows the need for close psychiatric follow-up to promptly detect adverse events in patients receiving regimens for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.
Cohort profile: the Australian Longitudinal Study of Adults with Autism (ALSAA)
Authors: Arnold Samuel , Foley Kitty-Rose , Hwang Ye In (Jane) , Richdale Amanda L , Uljarevic Mirko , Lawson Lauren P , Cai Ru Ying , Falkmer Torbjorn , Falkmer Marita , Lennox Nick G , Urbanowicz Anna , Trollor Julian
Published: December 2019

​Purpose

There is a significant knowledge gap regarding the lives of adults on the autism spectrum. Some literature suggests significant health and mental health inequalities for autistic adults, yet there is a lack of comprehensive longitudinal studies exploring risk factors. Further, most research does not include the perspective of autistic adults in its conduct or design. Here, we describe the baseline characteristics and inclusive research approach of a nationwide longitudinal study.

​Participants

The Autism Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism’s Australian Longitudinal Study of Adults with Autism (ALSAA) is a questionnaire-based longitudinal study of autistic adults (25+ years old) with follow-up at 2-year intervals. Autistic advisors were involved in each stage of research apart from data analysis. Three questionnaires were developed: self-report, informant report (ie, proxy report) and carers (ie, carer experiences and characteristics).

​Findings to date

An inclusive research protocol was developed and agreed with autistic advisors. Baseline data were collected from 295 autistic adults (M=41.8 years, SD=12.0) including 42 informant responses, 146 comparison participants and 102 carers. The majority of autistic participants (90%) had been diagnosed in adulthood (M=35.3 years, SD=15.1). When compared with controls, autistic adults scored higher on self-report measures of current depression and anxiety. Participant comments informed ongoing data gathering. Participants commented on questionnaire length, difficulty with literal interpretation of forced response items and expressed gratitude for research in this area.

​Future plans

A large comprehensive dataset relating to autistic adults and their carers has been gathered, creating a good platform for longitudinal follow-up repeat surveys and collaborative research. Several outputs are in development, with focus on health service barriers and usage, caregivers, impact of diagnosis in adulthood, further scale validations, longitudinal analyses of loneliness, suicidal ideation, mental illness risk factors and other areas. Baseline data confirm poorer mental health of autistic adults. The ALSAA demonstrates a working approach to inclusive research.
Observational non-randomised controlled evaluation of the effectiveness of cancer counselling centres: a study protocol
Authors: Lingens Solveigh Paola , Schilling Georgia , Harms Julia , Schulz Holger , Bleich Christiane
Published: December 2019

Introduction

In recent years, medical treatment for cancer has improved, thereby increasing the life expectancy of patients with cancer. Hence, the focus in healthcare shifted towards analysing treatments that offer to decrease distress and improve the quality of life of patients with cancer. The psychological burden of patients with cancer originates from all kinds of psychosocial challenges related to diagnosis and treatment. Cancer counselling centres (CCounCs) try to address these concerns. However, the current literature lacks research on the effectiveness of CCounCs. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of CCounCs with regard to distress and other relevant psychosocial variables (quality of life, anxietyand so on).

Methods and analysis

This prospective observational study with a non-randomised control group has three measurement points: before the first counselling session (baseline, t0) and at 2 weeks and 3 months after baseline (t1, t2). Patients and their relatives who seek counselling between December 2018 and November 2020 and have sufficient German language skills will be included. The control group will be recruited at clinics and oncological outpatient centres in Hamburg. Propensity scoring will be applied to adjust for differences between the control and intervention groups at baseline. Sociodemographic data, medical data and counselling concerns are measured at baseline. Distress (distress thermometer), quality of life (Short Form-8 Health Survey, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30), anxiety (Generalized AnxietyDisorder-7), depression (Patient HealthQuestionnaire-9) and further psychosocial variables are assessed at all time points. With a total of 787 participants, differences between the intervention and control groups of a small effect size (f=0.10) can be detected with a power of 80%.

Ethics and dissemination

The study was registered prior to data collection with the German Registration of Clinical Trials in September 2018. Ethical approval was received by the local psychological ethical committee of the Center for Psychosocial Medicine at the University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf in August 2018. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration number

DRKS00015516; Pre-results.
Modelling care quality for patients after a transient ischaemic attack within the US Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Arling Greg , Sico Jason J , Reeves Mathew J , Myers Laura , Baye Fitsum , Bravata Dawn M
Published: December 2019

Objective

Timely preventive care can substantially reduce risk of recurrent vascular events or death after a transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Our objective was to understand patient and facility factors influencing preventive care quality for patients with TIA in the US Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Methods

We analysed administrative data from a retrospective cohort of 3052 patients with TIA cared for in the emergency department (ED) or inpatient setting in 110 VHA facilities from October 2010 to September 2011. A composite quality indicator (QI score) pass rate was constructed from four process-related quality measures—carotid imaging, brain imaging, high or moderate potency statin and antithrombotic medication, associated with the ED visit or inpatient admission after the TIA. We tested a multilevel structural equation model where facility and patient characteristics, inpatient admission, and neurological consultation were predictors of the resident’s composite QI score.

Results

Presenting with a speech deficit and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were positively related to inpatient admission. Being admitted increased the likelihood of neurology consultation, whereas history of dementia, weekend arrival and a higher CCI score made neurological consultation less likely. Speech deficit, higher CCI, inpatient admission and neurological consultation had direct positive effects on the composite quality score. Patients in facilities with fewer full-time equivalent neurology staff were less likely to be admitted or to have a neurology consultation. Facilities having greater organisational complexity and with a VHA stroke centre designation were more likely to provide a neurology consultation.

Conclusions

Better TIA preventive care could be achieved through increased inpatient admissions, or through enhanced neurology and other care resources in the ED and during follow-up care.
Impact of oral anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation at very low thromboembolic risk
Authors: Verbrugge Frederik Hendrik , Martin Anne-Céline , Siegal Deborah , Pieper Karen , Illingworth Laura , Camm A John , Fox Keith A A
Published: December 2019

Objective

To investigate reasons for and impact of oral anticoagulation (OAC) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) at very low thromboembolic risk.

Methods

Individuals with CHA2DS2-VASc score 0 (men) or 1 (women) from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) were studied. Baseline characteristics according to OAC use were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Non-haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism, major bleeding, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality were compared.

Results

From 2224 low CHA2DS2-VASc patients in GARFIELD-AF, 44% received OAC. In an adjusted model, increasing age up to 65 years (OR (95% CI)=1.31 (1.19 to 1.44)) and persistent AF (OR (95% CI)=3.25 (2.44 to 4.34)) or permanent AF (OR (95% CI)=2.29 (1.59 to 3.30)) versus paroxysmal/unclassified AF were associated with OAC use. Concomitant antiplatelet therapy (OR (95% CI)=0.21 (0.17 to 0.27)) was inversely associated. Crude incidence rates per 100 person-years over 2 years in patients on OAC versus not on OAC were 0.32 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.71) vs 0.30 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.63) for non-haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism, 0.21 (95% CI 0.08 to 0.57) vs 0.17 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.46) for major bleeding, 0.26 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.64) vs 0.26 (95% CI 0.12 to 0.57) for cardiovascular mortality and 0.74 (95% CI 0.44 to 1.25) vs 0.99 (95% CI 0.66 to 1.49) for all-cause mortality.

Conclusions

In contrast to guideline recommendations, almost half of real-world patients with AF at a very low thromboembolic risk according to the CHA2DS2-VASc score receive OAC. Persistent or permanent AF and increasing age up to 65 years are associated with OAC use, while concomitant antiplatelet therapy shows an inverse association. Regardless whether patients received OAC therapy, few thromboembolic and bleeding events occur, highlighting the low risk of this population.
Guide to skin diseases in rabbits
Authors: Benato Livia
Published: December 2019

Background: Dermatological conditions are a very common presentation of pet rabbits to the veterinarian. The aetiology varies; problems such as pododermatitis and parasitic and bacterial infections constitute a higher percentage of these cases, while viral infections are considered less common. Stress and pain also play an important role and should be considered during the initial consultation and treatment planning.

Aim of the article: This article provides an overview of skin diseases that may be presented to general veterinary practitioners, helping the practitioner to approach these cases with more confidence.
Genetic correlations for reproductive and growth traits in rabbits
Authors: Ezzeroug Rym , Belabbas Rafik , Argente Maria José , Berbar Ali , Diss Samir , Boudjella Zoulikha , Talaziza Djamal , Boudahdir Nassima , García Maria de la Luz
Published: December 2019

The objective of this study was to obtain heritability estimates for reproductive (litter size at birth, number born alive, litter size at weaning) and growth traits (individual weaning weight, individual weight at the end of the fattening period), then determine the genetic correlation between them in a synthetic rabbit line. A total of 805 females, 3242 parities, and 18 472 growth records were measured from 2006 to 2017. A pentavariate animal model was used with reproductive and growth traits. Heritability ranged from 0.025 to 0.126 for reproductive traits and from 0.033 to 0.059 for growth traits. These traits showed a large coefficient of variation (from 32% to 56% for reproductive traits and from 21% to 28% for growth traits). The repeatability of reproductive traits was low and the common litter effect for growth traits was the most important component of total variance. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between reproductive and growth traits were high and negative, especially with weight at weaning (−0.848, −0.922, and −0.854 for litter size at birth, number born alive, and litter size at weaning, respectively). In conclusion, because of the high negative correlation between reproductive and growth traits, both reproductive and growth traits should be selected in independent lines and the response to selection should be due mainly to the high coefficient of variation of the traits.
Estimates of variance components and heritability using different animal models for growth, backfat, litter size, and healthy birth ratio in Large White pigs
Authors: Dong Linsong , Tan Cheng , Cai Gengyuan , Li Yalan , Wu Dan , Wu Zhenfang
Published: December 2019

This study compared the estimates of variance components using various animal models for Large White pigs. The traits included three production traits, birth weight (BW), age at 100 kg (Age_100), and backfat thickness at 100 kg (BF_100), and two reproduction traits, number of total born (NTB) and the ratio of healthy births (RHB). Five models including or ignoring common litter environmental effects, maternal effects, and the direct-maternal covariance (σam) were used for this study. The results showed that the model including all terms, or including all terms except σam, yielded the best-fitting result. The direct variance and heritability were overestimated when the model ignored all previously listed effects, especially for production traits. When all terms were modeled, the direct heritability estimates ([Formula: see text] ± standard error) were 0.038 ± 0.008, 0.216 ± 0.022, 0.416 ± 0.023, 0.066 ± 0.013, and 0.049 ± 0.007 for BW, Age_100, BF_100, NTB, and RHB, respectively. The common litter effects reached statistical significance for all traits, and maternal heritability reached statistical significance for three production traits. The direct-maternal correlations were negative for all traits but only reached statistical significance for BW. These results indicate that using a more complex model may result in more accurate estimation of variance components in Large White pigs.
A simulation-based approach to a near-optimal thinning strategy: allowing harvesting times to be determined for individual trees
Authors: Fransson Peter , Franklin Oskar , Lindroos Ola , Nilsson Urban , Brännström Åke
Published: December 2019

As various methods for precision inventories, including light detection and ranging (LiDAR), are becoming increasingly common in forestry, planning at the individual-tree level is becoming more viable. In this study, we present a method for finding the optimal thinning times for individual trees from an economic perspective. The method utilizes a forest growth model based on individual trees that has been fitted to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands in northern Sweden. We find that the optimal management strategy is to thin from above (i.e., harvesting trees that are larger than average). We compare our optimal strategy with a conventional management strategy and find that the optimal strategy results in approximately 20% higher land expectation value. Furthermore, we find that for the optimal strategy, increasing the discount rate will reduce the final harvest age and increase the basal area reduction. Decreasing the cost to initiate a thinning (e.g., machinery-related transportation costs) increases the number of thinnings and delays the first thinning.
Panel debate on energy production in high school physics teaching
Authors: Vörös Alpár István Vita
Published: December 2019

This paper presents a method to develop students’ knowledge about energy resources and energy production through scientific argumentation in a panel debate. The method was used with fifteen different 11th grade classes in a high school in Romania. In the last five years, research was conducted on the change in attitudes of students towards different types of energy resources and how they accepted environmental hazards resulting from energy production. Throughout these years, several misconceptions were observed regarding the origin of energy resources, the energy production processes, and their effects on the environment. To have a sound understanding of these misconceptions, a study was conducted with the help of a 21-item multiple-choice energy resources knowledge assessment. The test was completed by 720 high school students (9th to 11th grade) from nine different schools in Transylvania, Romania. Data analysis shows that misunderstandings regarding energy resources and energy production were similar to those in US schools and presented in other research papers. To help create a society well-prepared to make decisions about energy production constraints, it is essential that we add a chapter to the Physics curriculum. In this paper, we present our arguments for introducing energy production as a new topic in the Physics curriculum. Our results show the energy panel debate is a very effective method for teaching this topic.
The energy cost of feather replacement is not intrinsically inefficient
Authors: Buttemer W.A. , Addison B.A. , Klasing K.C.
Published: December 2019

Feathers serve a diversity of functions in birds and their continuous use and exposure to the environment requires a scheduled moult to maintain their full functionality. As feathers represent about 25% of a bird’s protein content, moult is expected to impose substantial energy and nutrient demands, but perhaps not to the extent reported. Energy conversion efficiencies for feather formation are among the lowest for any biological structure examined, but this assumes that increases in maintenance energy requirements (minimum resting metabolic rate (RMRmin)) during moult are predominately due to feather synthetic costs. We tested this assumption by comparing the RMRminand protein turnover rates of House Sparrows (Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)) during peak moult and in a non-moulting cohort before and 12 days after having a similar amount of feathers plucked. Replacement of plucked feathers had no effect on metabolic rate, whereas RMRminwas 28% higher in moulting than in non-moulting House Sparrows. Protein turnover rates were lowest in non-moulting birds, but rate differences between non-moulting and moulting birds were threefold higher than those between non-moulting and plucked House Sparrows. Thus, the energy inefficiencies reported for feather replacement are mainly due to costs associated with coincident processes rather than being a direct cost of feather synthesis per se.
Profiled spectral lines of Keplerian rings orbiting in the regular Bardeen black hole spacetimes
Authors: Schee Jan , Stuchlík Zdeněk
Published: December 2019

Considering the regular Bardeen black hole spacetimes, we test the observational effects of the general relativistic solutions coupled to non-linear electrodynamics (NED) by studying the photon motion in the effective geometry governed by the spacetime geometry and the NED Lagrangian. We focus our attention to the observationally important case of profiled spectral lines generated by rings radiating in a fixed frequency and orbiting the black hole along circular geodesics of the Bardeen spacetime. Such profiled spectral lines are observed in active galactic nuclei and in microquasars, giving sufficient data for the test of regular black holes. We expect that such radiating rings could arise around the Galaxy central supermassive black hole SgrA*, and the related profiled spectral lines could give important additional information to those obtained by direct observations due to the Event Horizon (GRAVITY) Telescope. We demonstrate that the profiled spectral lines of the radiating rings predict strong signatures of the NED effects on the photon motion – namely the frequency shift to the red edge of the spectrum, and narrowing of the profile, by more than one order in comparison with the case of the profiles generated purely by the spacetime geometry, for all values of the magnetic charge and the inclination angle of the observer. The specific flux is substantially suppressed and for extended Keplerian disks even the shape of the profiled line is significantly modified due to the NED effect.
Polarization in (quasi-)two-body decays and new physics
Authors: Ajaltouni Z. J. , Di Salvo E.
Published: December 2019

We consider two-body and quasi-two-body decays of the type $$f_1 \rightarrow f_2 B$$

f
1

→

f
2

B

, where $$f_1$$

f
1

and $$f_2$$

f
2

are spin-1/2 fermions and B a spin-0 or spin-1 boson. After recalling the non-covariant formalism for decay amplitudes, we derive the expression of the differential decay width and of the polarizations of the final spinning particles, both on- and off-shell. We find an intriguing geometrical interpretation of the results about the polarization. We also illustrate some methods for measuring the polarizations of the resonances and for optimizing data analysis. Then we propose applications to semi-leptonic weak decays, with a major attention to the T-odd component of the polarization; this may help to find, simultaneously, possible time-reversal violations and hints to physics beyond the standard model. We suggest also a CPT test. Last, we discuss some T-odd observables for the production process of $$f_1$$

f
1

and for the study of the strong final state interactions of non-leptonic decays.
Nonlinear optical properties of graphene and pyrolytic carbon: A comparative study
Authors: Rudenko V. I. , Liakhovetskyi V. R. , Dovbeshko G. I. , Brodin A. M. , Romanyuk V. R. , Juškėnas R.
Published: December 2019

We report on [Formula: see text]-scan investigations of the nonlinear optical properties of thin pyrolytic carbon films and two- and three-layer graphene films, utilizing an 800[Formula: see text]nm pulsed laser generating ultrashort 180[Formula: see text]fs pulses. We analyze the sign and magnitude of nonlinear refraction and absorption in these materials, given contradictory results in this respect in the literature. In particular, we find that nonlinear refraction of graphene changes sign with changing light intensity with concomitant subtle changes in nonlinear absorption, a behavior not reported previously that suggests an interplay of several mechanisms that depend on intensity. Pyrolytic carbon films, on the contrary, exhibit positive refraction, whose magnitude (nonlinear refractive index [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm2/W) is comparable to that of graphene, and strong negative absorption, i.e., bleaching, contrary to previously reported results. We discuss implications and possible mechanisms of the observed phenomena.
r-Dynamic coloring of the corona product of graphs
Authors: Kristiana Arika Indah , Utoyo M. Imam , Alfarisi Ridho , Dafik
Published: December 2019

Let [Formula: see text] be a graph. A proper [Formula: see text]-coloring of graph [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-dynamic coloring if for every [Formula: see text], the neighbors of vertex [Formula: see text] receive at least min[Formula: see text] different colors. The minimum [Formula: see text] such that graph [Formula: see text] has [Formula: see text]-dynamic [Formula: see text] coloring is called the [Formula: see text]-dynamic chromatic number, denoted by [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we study the [Formula: see text]-dynamic coloring of corona product of graph. The corona product of graph is obtained by taking a number of vertices [Formula: see text] copy of [Formula: see text], and making the [Formula: see text]th of [Formula: see text] adjacent to every vertex of the [Formula: see text]th copy of [Formula: see text]. We obtain the lower bound of [Formula: see text]-dynamic chromatic number of corona product of graphs and some exact value.
A Case of Wheat-Dependent Exercise Induced Anaphylaxis (WDEIA)
Authors: Yeung Winnie Wan Yin , Park Hae-Sim
Published: December 2019

Wheat dependent exercised induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) is common in Asian adult populations especially in northern China and Korea. A classical WDEIA case is presented with detailed histories, investigations and management plans. Serum specific IgE to omega-5 gliadin is critical for the diagnosis of WDEIA. Avoidance from wheat and exercise are the keys for prevention of anaphylaxis. Omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody against IgE, is reserved for cases with recurrent anaphylaxis and active physical activity status and it is an off-label treatment.
Hierarchical parameterization and compression-based object modelling of high net:gross but poorly amalgamated deep-water lobe deposits
Authors: Manzocchi T. , Zhang L. , Haughton P. W. D. , Pontén A.
Published: December 2019

Deep-water lobe deposits are arranged hierarchically and can be characterized by high net:gross ratios but poor sand connectivity due to thin, but laterally extensive, shale layers. This heterogeneity makes them difficult to represent in standard full-field object-based models, since the sands in an object-based model are not stacked compensationally and become connected at a low net:gross ratio. The compression algorithm allows the generation of low-connectivity object-based models at high net:gross ratios, by including the net:gross and amalgamation ratios as independent input parameters. Object-based modelling constrained by the compression algorithm has been included in a recursive workflow, permitting the generation of realistic models of hierarchical lobe deposits. Representative dimensional and stacking parameters collected at four different hierarchical levels have been used to constrain a 250 m-thick, 14 km
2
model that includes hierarchical elements ranging from 20 cm-thick sand beds to more than 30 m-thick lobe complexes. Sand beds and the fine-grained units are represented explicitly in the model, and the characteristic facies associations often used to parameterize lobe deposits are emergent from the modelling process. The model is subsequently resampled without loss of accuracy for flow simulation, and results show clearly the influence of the hierarchical heterogeneity on drainage and sweep efficiency during a water-flood simulation.
Combining URL and HTML Features for Entity Discovery in the Web
Authors: Manica Edimar , Dorneles Carina Friedrich , Galante Renata
Published: December 2019

The web is a large repository of entity-pages. An entity-page is a page that publishes data representing an entity of a particular type, for example, a page that describes a driver on a website about a car racing championship. The attribute values published in the entity-pages can be used for many data-driven companies, such as insurers, retailers, and search engines. In this article, we define a novel method, called
SSUP
, which discovers the entity-pages on the websites. The novelty of our method is that it combines URL and HTML features in a way that allows the URL terms to have different weights depending on their capacity to distinguish entity-pages from other pages, and thus the efficacy of the entity-page discovery task is increased.
SSUP
determines the similarity thresholds on each website without human intervention. We carried out experiments on a dataset with different real-world websites and a wide range of entity types.
SSUP
achieved a 95% rate of precision and 85% recall rate. Our method was compared with two state-of-the-art methods and outperformed them with a precision gain between 51% and 66%.
Open Problems Column
Authors: Gasarch William
Published: December 2019

This Issue's Column! This issue's Open Problem Column is by William Gasarch and is A Problem on Linked Sequences Inspired by an Oliver Roeder Column

Request for Columns! I invite any reader who has knowledge of some area to contact me and arrange to write a column about open problems in that area. That area can be (1) broad or narrow or anywhere inbetween, and (2) really important or really unimportant or anywhere inbetween.
SIROCCO 2019 Review
Authors: Brandt Sebastian , Fischer Manuela , Uitto Jara
Published: December 2019

The conference was held from July 1st to July 4th at Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) in the heart of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, a historic city in Italy to the east of Rome.

First Day On the rst day, a tutorial on Permissioned Blockchains took place. There, Roger Wattenhofer covered a variety of topics on permissioned and permissionless blockchains. The rst part started from the very basics, targeting an audience that has never heard of fault-tolerant distributed systems. In the second part, permissionless blockchains were explained, followed by the third and nal part, in which more advanced topics and current research were discussed. The 6-hour tutorial was well attended by researchers and students from various areas and the interactive format allowed the members of the audience to steer the talk into their preferred directions. In the evening, after the registration, the welcome reception with lots of delicious snacks and refreshing drinks took place.
SIGACT News Online Algorithms Column 35
Authors: Höhne Felix , Schmitt Sören , van Stee Rob
Published: December 2019

In this column, we will discuss some papers in online algorithms that appeared in 2019. As usual, we make no claim at complete coverage here, and have instead made a selection. If we have unaccountably missed your favorite paper and you would like to write about it or about any other topic in online algorithms, please don't hesitate to contact us!
Do we need two forms of feedback in the Rate Control Protocol (RCP)?
Authors: . Abuthahir , Raina Gaurav , Voice Thomas
Published: December 2019

There is considerable interest in the networking community in explicit congestion control as it may allow the design of a fair, stable, low loss, low delay, and high utilization network. The Rate Control Protocol (RCP) is an example of such a congestion control protocol. The current design of RCP suggests that it should employ two forms of feedback; i.e. rate mismatch and queue size, in order to manage its flow control algorithms. An outstanding design question in RCP is whether the presence of queue size feedback is useful, given the presence of feedback based on rate mismatch. To address this question, we conduct analysis (stability and Hopf bifurcation) and packet-level simulations. The analytical results reveal that the presence of queue size feedback in the protocol specification may induce a sub-critical Hopf bifurcation, which can lead to undesirable system behavior. The analysis is corroborated by numerical computations and some packet-level simulations. Based on our work, the suggestion for RCP is to only include feedback based on rate mismatch in the design of the protocol.
An Online Algorithm for Smoothed Online Convex Optimization
Authors: Goel Gautam , Wierman Adam
Published: December 2019

We consider Online Convex Optimization (OCO) in the setting where the costs are m-strongly convex and the online learner pays a switching cost for changing decisions between rounds. We show that the recently proposed Online Balanced Descent (OBD) algorithm is constant competitive in this setting, with competitive ratio 3+O(1/m), irrespective of the ambient dimension. We demonstrate the generality of our approach by showing that the OBD framework can be used to construct competitive a algorithm for LQR control.
Optimal Posted Prices for Online Resource Allocation with Supply Costs
Authors: Tan Xiaoqi , Leon-Garcia Alberto , Tsang Danny H.K.
Published: December 2019

We study a general online resource allocation problem, where a provider sells multiple types of capacity-limited resources to heterogeneous customers that arrive in a sequential and arbitrary manner. The provider charges payment from customers who purchase a bundle of resources but must pay an increasing supply cost with respect to the total resource allocated. The goal is to maximize the social welfare, namely, the total valuation of customers for their purchased bundles, minus the total supply cost of the provider for all the resources that have been allocated. We adopt the competitive analysis framework and provide an optimal posted-pricing mechanism (PPM). Our PPM is optimal in the sense that no other online algorithms can achieve a better competitive ratio.
Smart Dispatching in Heterogeneous Systems
Authors: Gardner Kristen , Stephens Cole
Published: December 2019

In multi-server systems, selecting to which server to dispatch an arriving job is a key factor influencing system response time. One of the most widely studied policies is Join-the-Shortest-Queue (JSQ), which is known to minimize mean response time in certain settings [7]. Many variants on JSQ have been proposed, including JSQ-d, under which a job is dispatched to the shortest queue among d servers selected uniformly at random [3, 5]; Join-Idle-Queue (JIQ), under which the dispatcher knows which servers are idle but not the queue lengths of non-idle servers [2]; and others.

The vast majority of work analyzing JSQ and related policies makes a key assumption: that the system is homogeneous, meaning that all servers have the same speed. This assumption is inaccurate in most modern computer systems. Server heterogeneity can arise, e.g., when a server farm consists of several generations of hardware, or when many virtual machines contend for resources on the same physical machine. Unfortunately, the wealth of results about how best to dispatch in homogeneous systems does not translate well to heterogeneous systems. Policies like JSQ-d and JIQ, which can achieve near-optimal performance in homogeneous systems, can lead to unacceptably high response times and even instability in heterogeneous systems [4, 8].
Communication-Aware Scheduling of Precedence-Constrained Tasks
Authors: Su Yu , Ren Xiaoqi , Vardi Shai , Wierman Adam , He Yuxiong
Published: December 2019

Jobs in large-scale machine learning platforms are expressed using a computational graph of tasks with precedence constraints. To handle such precedence-constrained tasks that have machine-dependent communication demands in settings with heterogeneous service rates and communication times, we propose a new scheduling framework, Generalized Earliest Time First (GETF), that improves upon stateof- the-art results in the area. Specifically, we provide the first provable, worst-case approximation guarantee for the goal of minimizing the makespan of tasks with precedence constraints on related machines with machine-dependent communication times.
On the Stochastic Analysis of a Quantum Entanglement Switch
Authors: Vardoyan Gayane , Guha Saikat , Nain Philippe , Towsley Don
Published: December 2019

We study a quantum entanglement switch that serves k users in a star topology. We model variants of the system using continuous-time Markov chains (CTMCs) and obtain expressions for switch capacity and the expected number of qubits stored in memory at the switch. Using CTMCs allows us to obtain a number of analytic results for systems in which the links are homogeneous or heterogeneous and for switches that have infinite or finite buffer sizes. In addition, we can easily model the effects of decoherence of quantum states using this technique. From numerical observations, we discover that decoherence has little effect on capacity and expected number of stored qubits for homogeneous systems. For heterogeneous systems, especially those operating close to stability constraints, buffer size and decoherence can significantly affect performance. We also learn that, in general, increasing the buffer size from one to two qubits per link is advantageous to most systems, while increasing the buffer size further yields diminishing returns.
Heavy-traffic Analysis of the Generalized Switch under Multidimensional State Space Collapse
Authors: Lange Daniela Hurtado , Maguluri Siva Theja
Published: December 2019

The drift method was recently developed to study performance of queueing systems in heavy-traffic [1]. It has been used to analyze several queueing systems, including some where the Complete Resource Pooling (CRP) condition is not satisfied, like the input-queued switch [4]. In this paper we study the generalized switch operating under MaxWeight using the drift method. The generalized switch is a queueing system that was first introduced by [5], and can be thought of as extension of several single-hop queueing systems, such as the input-queued switch and ad hoc wireless networks. When the CRP condition is not satisfied, we prove that there is a multidimensional state space collapse to a cone and we compute bounds on a linear combination of the queue lengths that are tight in heavy-traffic. This work generalizes some of the results obtained by [1] and the results from [4], since the queueing systems studied there are particular cases of the generalized switch.
The diagnostic capability of the Cray, gfortran, Intel, Nag and Oracle Fortran compilers
Authors: Chivers Ian D. , Sleightholme Jane
Published: December 2019

We use several compilers for the development of the examples in our books. The following table summarises the compilers we have used:
Dynamical interaction between heart rate and blood pressure of end-stage renal disease patients evaluated by cross recurrence plot diagonal analysis
Authors: González G. Hortensia , Infante Oscar , Martínez-García Paola , Pérez-Grovas Héctor , Saavedra Nadia , Caviedes Amaya , Becerra Brayans , Lerma Claudia
Published: December 2019

The assessment of spontaneous variability of blood pressure and heart rate is based on specific physiological hypotheses about dynamic features, for example, the baroreflex modulation of heart rate over time in daily life. Usually, arterial baroreflex control of heart rate is explored without delays between blood pressure and heart rate data points, within a narrow range of values, excluding the analysis of saturation regions or low-threshold changes. In this work, we examine the dynamic interactions between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and interbeat interval (IBI), in 15-min length time series and for the first time using the analysis of diagonals derived from a cross-recurrence plots in healthy persons and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. We found that ESRD patients have stronger intermittent dynamical interactions between IBI and SBP, but they lose most of the dynamical interactions. Although healthy subjects exhibit a continuously changing order of precedence between IBI and SBP at different lags, ESRD patients preserve this changing order of precedence only for lags >0 beats.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to compare the time-variant pattern of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and interbeat interval (IBI) coupling between ESRD patients and healthy volunteers through the analysis of diagonal in cross-recurrence plots, and in the face of an orthostatic challenge. Our results demonstrated alternant interactions on the order of precedence (IBI → SBP or SBP→ IBI) at different time delays. This pattern is different in resting position and during active standing for the two groups studied, and interestingly, some association patterns are lost in ESRD patients. These patterns of alternant interactions on the order of precedence could be related to autonomic neural activities and cardiovascular synchronization at different scales both in time and space. This could reflect physiological adaptive flexibility of cardiovascular regulation. Losing some association patterns in ESRD may be the result of chronic adjustments of many physiological mechanisms (including chronic sympathetic hyperactivity), which could increase cardiovascular vulnerability to hemodynamic challenges.
Resistance exercise with anti-inflammatory foods attenuates skeletal muscle atrophy induced by chronic inflammation
Authors: Sumi Koichiro , Ashida Kinya , Nakazato Koichi
Published: December 2019

Chronic inflammation (CI) can contribute to muscle atrophy and sarcopenia. Resistance exercise (RE) promotes increased and/or maintenance of skeletal muscle mass, but the effects of RE in the presence of CI are unclear. In this study, we developed a novel animal model of CI-induced muscle atrophy and examined the effect of acute or chronic RE by electrical stimulation. CI was induced in young female Lewis rats by injection with peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-PS). Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p70S6 kinase (p70S6K), 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), Akt, and Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) phosphorylation levels increased in gastrocnemius (Gas) muscle from normal rats subjected to acute RE. After acute RE in CI rats, increased levels of phosphorylated ERK, p70S6K, and 4E-BP1, but not Akt or FOXO1, were observed. Chronic RE significantly increased the Gas weight in the exercised limb relative to the nontrained opposing limb in CI rats. Dietary supplementation with anti-inflammatory agents, eicosapentaenoic/docosahexaenoic acid and α-lactalbumin attenuated CI-induced muscle atrophy in the untrained Gas and could promote RE-induced inhibition of atrophy in the trained Gas. In the trained leg, significant negative correlations ( r ≤ −0.80) were seen between Gas weights and CI indices, including proinflammatory cytokines and white blood cell count. These results indicated that the anabolic effects of RE are effective for preventing CI-induced muscle atrophy but are partially attenuated by inflammatory molecules. The findings also suggested that anti-inflammatory treatment together with RE is an effective intervention for muscle atrophy induced by CI. Taken together, we conclude that systemic inflammation levels are associated with skeletal muscle protein metabolism and plasticity.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study developed a novel chronic inflammation (CI) model rat demonstrating that resistance exercise (RE) induced activation of protein synthesis signaling pathways and mitigated skeletal muscle atrophy. These anabolic effects were partially abrogated likely through attenuation of Akt/Forkhead box O1 axis activity. The degree of skeletal muscle atrophy was related to inflammatory responses. Dietary supplementation with anti-inflammatory agents could enhance the anabolic effect of RE. Our findings provide insight for development of countermeasures for CI-related muscle atrophy, especially secondary sarcopenia.
Hamilton’s Principle for Circuits with Dissipative Elements
Authors: Biolek Zdeněk , Biolek Dalibor , Biolková Viera
Published: December 2019

The classic form of Hamilton’s variational principle does not hold for circuits with dissipative elements. It is shown in the paper that this may not be true in the case of systems consisting of the so‐called higher‐order elements. Hamilton’s principle is then extended to circuits containing the classical resistors and Frequency Dependent Negative Resistors (FDNRs). The extension is also made to any pair of elements which are the nearest neighbours on any Σ‐diagonal of Chua’s table.