bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cooperation Modes between Competing Manufacturers in EV Supply Chain with Innovation-Driven Common Supplier
Authors: Liu Bin , Huang Ruoying
Published: February 2022

The competition and cooperation between automobile manufacturers and battery enterprises are an important topic concerned by electric vehicle supply chain management. This paper investigates the cooperation modes between competing manufacturers in the EV (electric vehicle) supply chain, under which the common supplier launches the innovation of the key component of EV to meet the demand of two manufacturers. Three cooperation modes between manufacturers, full cooperation, partial cooperation, and noncooperation, are established to depict the pricing decisions by the Stackelberg game. We find out that, when competition degree is small, it is more profitable to choose partial cooperation, while it is more advantageous to choose full cooperation when competition degree is high, and the manufacturer’s basic market demand is relatively small. Therefore, it is always preferred for the common supplier to expect noncooperation between manufacturers. Under the background that basic market demand ratio changes with competition degree between markets, it could be better for the whole supply chain when without cooperation or partial cooperation depended on the supplier power while it could be better for customers when full cooperation or partial cooperation depended on the competition degree between manufacturers.
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used as Therapeutic Agents to Manage Diseases of Humans
Authors: Achour Sanae , Chebaibi Mohamed , Essabouni Hanane , Bourhia Mohammed , Ouahmane Lahcen , Mohammad Salamatullah Ahmad , A M Aboul-Soud Mourad , Giesy John P.
Published: February 2022

Objective. This work aimed to survey medicinal plants used in phytotherapy in the Fez-Boulemane region, Morocco. Methods. A comprehensive ethnobotanical survey was conducted using a questionnaire to collect data from thirty herbalists on medicinal plants used for therapeutic purposes in the Fez-Boulemane region, Morocco. Results. The mean age of herbalists interviewed was 52.13 years. Forty percent of the herbalists were illiterate, and 73% referred to the experiences of their parents as knowledge of the properties and uses of medicinal plants. One hundred and eight medicinal plants belonging to 51 botanical families were recommended by herbalists in the region of Fez-Boulemane, Morocco, for treatment. According to the respondents, Lawsonia inermis L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Lavandula coronopifolia L. were the most used plants with the percentage of 13%, 12%, and 11%, respectively. Most plants had been involved in the treatment of digestive disorders (25%) and osteoarticular diseases (24%). Some (7.4%) of the plants mentioned in our survey were potentially toxic. Conclusion. It was learned that irrational use of toxic plants and unknown compositions of recipes are recommended to consumers. As a result, particular attention should be paid to risks related to plants used in traditional treatment without scientific validation. It is envisaged that increasing awareness, by conducting educational campaigns and transferring evidence-based scientific knowledge, on traditional treatments among the local population is expected to have beneficial impacts on health and disease management.
A Novel Analysis Method for Simultaneous Determination of 31 Pesticides by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Ginseng
Authors: Hou Xingang , Liu Liangyue , Wei Liping , Feng Da , Lv Meng , Wang Xiumei , Yu Xiaolong , Lu Zhongbin , Hou Zhiguang
Published: February 2022

Ginseng is a perennial herb with a long growth cycle and is known to easily accumulate pesticides during its growth process, seriously threatening people's health. Therefore, to ensure safe consumption, it is necessary to detect and monitor pesticide residues in ginseng. In this study, a novel analysis method was established for simultaneous determination of 31 pesticides in ginseng by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ginseng samples were extracted using acetonitrile, cleaned up by primary secondary amine (PSA) solid-phase extraction column eluted with acetonitrile-toluene, and then detected in multiple reaction mode (MRM). The calibration curves of target compounds were linear in the range of 0.005–1.0 mg/L, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9921. The limits of detection of all the pesticides in ginseng were between 4.4×10−5 and 1.6 × 10−2 mg/kg. For fresh ginseng, the average recoveries ranged from 72.1 to 111.6%, and the relative standard deviations were 1.3–12.2%. For dry ginseng, the average recoveries were 74.3–108.3%, and the relative standard deviations were 0.9–14.9%. The residual concentrations of some pesticides in real samples were greater than the maximum residue limit (MRL) for European Union (EU). The method established here is rapid and simple with high sensitivity and good reproducibility, which is sensitive in the residue analysis of many pesticides in ginseng.
Application of the BP Neural Network Model of Gray Relational Analysis in Economic Management
Authors: Li Zhuojie
Published: February 2022

According to the BP neural network algorithm, for the problem that the input variables of the BP network cannot be automatically optimized during the modeling process of the multivariable complex system, it is used to establish a neural network optimization algorithm according to the gray correlation analysis (GM2 BPANN). Using the data of China’s grain production forecast, the stepwise regression method and the gray GM (1, N) model method were compared and tested. The results show that the new model can comprehensively and extensively process a large number of input variables by using the concept of the gray correlation degree, without having to go through special subjective screening and hence improving the adaptability of the BP network, and at the same time, it can obtain better prediction accuracy and stability. Through the empirical test, the prediction ability of the three methods of regression, GM (1, N) gray system, and GM‐BPANN model is compared. It is proved that the GM‐BPANN optimization algorithm that combines the gray relational analysis and BP neural network method can enhance the multivariable processing ability and network adaptability of the BP network and has good prediction accuracy and stability.
Application Research of Manuscript Writing Robot Based upon Laser Sensor in News Dissemination Field
Authors: Huang Lijia
Published: February 2022

Under the background of the information and data age, intelligent technology has had a large and profound impact on the production field of each industry, and the field of news dissemination has inevitably become one of them. With the rapid development of new media technologies, the traditional news production model has been impacted by the development of the times. Out of the needs of the transformation and upgrading of its own industry and the further development of laser sensor smart technology, a manuscript writing robot based on laser sensors came into being. Manuscript writing robot is the first time in the history of the development of news dissemination that the main body of news manuscripts has been changed from a natural person to a machine, realizing the transformation of the news production process from semifixed to completely relying on machine automation. This paper first briefly introduces the manuscript writing robot’s working principle and work characteristics, analyzes its influence on other aspects, then models the machine hardware system, and finally conducts a quality comparison test between the manuscript writing robot and traditional artificial news production. Through the analysis of experimental data, the language organization ability of the manuscript writing robot is generally inferior to the traditional artificial language organization ability. However, the quality of manuscript writing robot data is 1.1 times that of traditional humans, and the speed of producing news is also 1.3 times faster than traditional humans. In terms of the depth and breadth of the scope of news, the overall average value of writing robots is 0.475 higher than that of traditional humans. Generally speaking, manuscript writing robots have clear advantages compared with traditional manual labor in news production and have a large room for development.
EGFR-AS1 Promotes Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Progression via Downregulating the miR-524-5p/DRAM1 Axis and Inhibiting Autophagic Lysosomal Degradation
Authors: Xue Yang , Zhang Jing , Hou Jiguang , Wang Xin
Published: February 2022

Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of lung cancers. Studies have revealed the regulatory role of lncRNAs in cancer pathogenesis and their potential use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The epidermal growth factor receptor antisense RNA 1 (EGFR-AS1) has been reported to be upregulated in NSCLC tissues, while its detailed mechanism in lung cancer needs to be explored. DNA damage-regulated autophagy modulator 1 (DRAM1) has been known to act as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC, and miR-524-5p has been reported to be a biomarker in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and different lung disorders. Our investigation revealed that EGFR-AS1 is highly expressed in lung cancer tissues, and its knockdown inhibited lung cancer cell invasion and viability and reduced tumor growth in vivo. We also found that EGFR-AS1 targets miR-524-5p, and there was a negative correlation between their expressions in lung cancer tissues. Simultaneously, miR-524-5p has been found to promote DRAM1 expression. In addition, the inhibition of miR-524-5p diminished DRAM1 protein expression and promoted lung cancer cell invasion. Our study has revealed that EGFR-AS1 contributes to the pathogenesis of NSCLC by inhibiting autophagic-lysosomal degradation via targeting the miR-524-5p/DRAM1 axis. This finding elucidated for the first time the role of EGFR-AS1 in lung cancer progression and the positive regulatory function of miR-524-5p in regulating DRAM1 protein and suppressing lung cancer progression. This novel mechanism provided a better insight into the pathogenesis of lung cancer and presented a better strategy for the treatment of lung cancer.
[Retracted] Hematological Findings among COVID‐19 Patients Attending King Khalid Hospital at Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elkhalifa Ahmed M. E. , Elderdery Abozer Y. , Al Bataj Ibrahim Ali , Tamomh Abdelhakam G. , Alyami Masaud M. , Almakrami Hussein A. , Alofair Mubarak A. , Almorish Mohammed A. , Bashanfer Salem , Tabash Mohammed I. , Idris Hadeil M. E. , Ahmed Dania Z. , Alhamidi Abdulaziz H. , Mok Pooi Ling
Published: February 2022

COVID‐19 is a global pandemic viral infection that has affected millions worldwide. Limited data is available on the effect of COVID‐19 on hematological parameters in Saudi Arabia. This study is aimed at examining the role of hematological parameters among COVID‐19 patients admitted to King Khalid Hospital in Najran, Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective, hospital‐based study of 514 cases who were recruited during August to October 2020. 257 COVID‐19 patients formed the study group, and a further 257 negative subjects formed the control group. Anemia was significantly elevated in positive subjects over controls (respectively, 64.2% and 35.8%), with patients 2.5 times more likely to be anemic (p < 0.01). Thrombocytopenia was higher in patients over controls (respectively, 62% and 38%), with patients ~1.7 times more likely to be thrombocytopenic (p < 0.01). Moreover, leukopenia was significantly higher in patients over controls (respectively, 71% and 29%), with positive subjects ~2.6 times more likely to be leukopenic. Our study results indicate that mild anemia associated with leukopenia may have diagnostic value for COVID‐19. Careful assessment of hematological parameters, at baseline and throughout the disease path, will assist physicians in formulating personalized approaches to treatment and promptly offer intensive care to those in greater need.
Fatigue Performance of CFRP‐Strengthened Rib‐to‐Diaphragm Welded Details of Orthotropic Steel Decks: Experimental and Numerical Evaluation
Authors: Song Yongsheng , Ding Youliang , Jiang Fei , Wang Zhe , Jia Huijuan , Chen Zhiyuan , Xu Chen , Ge Jingwen
Published: February 2022

Rib‐to‐diaphragm welded details of orthotropic steel decks (OSDs) are susceptible to fatigue cracking. To deal with such cracking problem, a strengthening method using externally bonded carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates was investigated by fatigue experiment and numerical evaluation. A full‐scale OSD specimen with two ribs and two diaphragms was tested to evaluate fatigue cracking behavior, as well as the stress before and after strengthening. An experimentally validated numerical model was established to confirm the optimal opportunity for CFRP strengthening. The influence of different CFRP strengthening measures were then discussed on the stress intensity factors at crack tips. It was shown that bonding of CFRP plates can significantly reduce stress of rib‐to‐diaphragm welded details. The best opportunity for CFRP strengthening is selected as the length of crack reaches at 25.00 mm where the amplitude of stress intensity factor is the smallest. The attachment of CFRP plates by bonding on the surface of cracked plates can reduce stress response at cracked region by more than 30%. The length of crack is of no flat growth until the total number of loading cycle after strengthening arrived at 0.8 million. Results of SIFs calculated by numerical model dropes after strengthening with reduction rate more than 35% and 18% at two crack tips and crack midpoint, respectively. Compared to the geometric dimensions of CFRP, the elastic modulus of CFRP and glue layer shows more significant influence on the fatigue performance of Rib‐to‐diaphragm welded details due to their stronger restraint to the propagation of crack peaks. This study provided a technical reference to the design and actual application of CFRP in the strengthening of welded details in OSDs.
Morphological Structures and Drug Release Effect of Multiple Electrospun Nanofibre Membrane Systems Based on PLA, PCL, and PCL/Magnetic Nanoparticle Composites
Authors: Haroosh Hazim J. , Dong Yu , Jasim Shaimaa , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: February 2022

Biopolymers are good carrier materials in relation to efficient release sustainability for encapsulated drugs. In particular, electrospun polymer/composite fibre membranes can offer greater benefits owing to their competitive release features as well as large specific surface areas. In this study, multiple electrospun nanofibre membrane systems were utilised including different material systems such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), and PCL/magnetic nanoparticle (MP) composites loaded with tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a therapeutic compound for their potential use in drug delivery applications. Such electrospun nanofibres were investigated to understand how composite constituents could tailor surface morphology for drug release control and biodegradation effect of PCL electrospun nanofibers on a long term for different drug release systems. Fibre diameter appeared to be decreased considerably with the addition of TCH drug. It was also evident that average fibre diameter was reduced when embedding MPs owing to the enhancement of solution conductivity. The encapsulation of TCH drug was found to be effective, as evidenced by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data revealed no significant change in the thermal stability of PCL with the inclusion of TCH and MPs. However, the use of TCH to PLA delayed the thermal degradation. Glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) of PCL were decreased with the inclusion of MPs and TCH. The degree of crystallinity (Xc) for PCL diminished when incorporated with MPs. Additional TCH to PLA, PCL, and PCL/MP nanocomposites resulted in a moderate decrease in Xc. TCH might be dispersed in an amorphous state within nanofibre membranes. Over the short‐term periods, it was clearly seen that TCH release from PCL nanofibre membranes was higher as opposed to PLC/MP and PLA counterparts. On the contrary, such a drug release from PLC membranes became relatively slow owing to its high Xc. Further, the mass loss results were consistent with those obtained from in vitro drug release. Overall, TCH release kinetics of PCL/TCH nanofibre membranes were better estimated by Zeng model as opposed to PLA/TCH counterparts.
Regulation of Glucose Insulinotropic Peptide and Intestinal Glucose Transporters in the Diet-Induced Obese Mouse
Authors: Rhodes Ryon Sun , Singh Satish K. , Rajendran Vazhaikkurichi M. , Walk Seth T. , Coon Steven D.
Published: February 2022

Our recent studies have shown that glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), but not glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), augments Na-glucose transporter 1- (SGLT1-) mediated glucose absorption in mouse jejunum. Na-dependent glucose absorption sharply rose and peaked in 3 months of high-fat (i.e., obese) compared to normal (i.e., normal weight) diet fed animals. Previous studies have shown that GIP-augmented SGLT1 and PEPT1 (peptide transporter 1) are regulated by protein kinase A (PKA) signaling in mouse jejunum. Additional studies have indicated that cAMP and PI3 kinase signaling augment PEPT1 through EPAC and AKT activation pathways, respectively, through increased apical PEPT1 trafficking in intestinal epithelial cells. However, little is known about how the signaling glucose transport paradigm is altered over a long period. Early on, increased glucose absorption occurs through SGLT1, but as the obesity and diabetes progress, there is a dramatic shift towards a Na-independent mechanism. Surprisingly, at the peak of glucose absorption during the fifth month of the progression of obesity, the SGLT1 activity was severely depressed, while a Na-independent glucose absorptive process begins to appear. Since glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) is expressed on the apical membrane of the small intestine in obese patients and animal models of obesity, it was hypothesized to be the new more efficient route. Western blot analyses and biotinylation of the apical membrane revealed that the GIP expression increases in the obese animals and its trafficking to the apical membrane increases with the GIP treatment.
Machine Learning-Based Time-Series Data Analysis in Edge-Cloud-Assisted Oil Industrial IoT System
Authors: Shi Feng , Yan Liping , Zhao Xiang , Xian-Ke Gao Richard
Published: February 2022

With the rapid development of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and edge computing techniques, in situ intelligent sensors are continuously generating increasing and vast amounts of time-series data. In many industrial applications, particularly highly distributed systems positioned in remote areas, repeated transmission of large amounts of raw data onto the remote server is not possible. This poses a significant challenge to the timely processing of these data in IIoT. Analyzing and processing all the raw data remotely in the cloud server is impractical and has very low efficiency owing to network latency and the limited cloud computing resources. Failure of detecting abnormal data may result in major production safety problems. Therefore, businesses are moving machine learning capabilities to the edge to enable real-time actions in the field. In this study, we present a machine-learning-based edge-cloud framework to solve this problem. First, robust random cut forest and isolation forest algorithms are employed at the edge gateway to the collected data for the detection of anomalously changing data. Subsequently, these preprocessed time-series data are transmitted to cloud services for data trend prediction and missing data completion using the long short-term memory recurrent neural network method feed in conjunction with the original sequence of historical data combined with the first-order forward difference data. The experimental results show that the machine-learning-based edge-cloud-assisted oil production IIoT system can improve substantially the efficiency and accuracy of time-series data analyses.
Angiographic Embolization with Histoacryl in Combination with Direct Injection of Bone Cement of an Intraosseous Venous Malformation of the Mandible: Report of a Case with 22-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Berberi Antoine , Aoun Georges , Aad Georges , Khairallah Saad , Chedid Ghassan Abi
Published: February 2022

Vascular malformations of the maxillofacial region are unusual, and they occur more rarely in bone than in soft tissue. Mandibular intraosseous vascular lesions represent 0.5-1.0% of all bone tumors, and they are classified as venous malformation, lymphatic malformation, arterial malformation, arteriovenous malformations, and arteriovenous fistulae. Venous malformation is the most common vascular malformation, accounting for 44-64% of all vascular malformations, and is considered a low-flow malformation. Endovascular therapy as selective angiographic embolization is considered as the first-choice treatment associated or not with emboli injections with a success rate of 70%, and this evades mutilating surgery and related sequelae. We report a case of mandibular venous malformation on a 45-year-old female complaining of unilateral swelling of the left body of the mandible with facial deformation. The computed tomography scan images and the T1-weighted MR images showed a lesion that expresses an expansible lesion in the spongy bone of the left of the mandible with a buccal cortical rupture. Signal voids were not identified, suggesting a low-flow vascular lesion. The T2-weighted images exposed hypersignals; accordingly, a vascular lesion was suspected. The treatment was done under locoregional analgesia; after selective angiography, direct histoacryl injection was completed, followed by bone cement injection. The patient was followed yearly since1998. Radiological images of 10-year follow-up MRI showed a stabilization of the lesion without any new extensions. The panoramic radiograph after 22 years showed a bone formation inside the body of the mandible. The long follow-up period and the absence of any complications are favorable for the adopted treatment plan.
Protection of Human Lens Epithelial Cells from Oxidative Stress Damage and Cell Apoptosis by KGF-2 through the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
Authors: Liu Shuyu , Jin Zi , Xia Ruyue , Zheng Zhuoni , Zha Yi , Wang Qiang , Wan Xinbei , Yang Hui , Cai Jianqiu
Published: February 2022

Oxidative stress exerts a significant influence on the pathogenesis of various cataracts by inducing degradation and aggregation of lens proteins and apoptosis of lens epithelial cells. Keratinocyte growth factor−2 (KGF-2) exerts a favorable cytoprotective effect against oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. In this work, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of KGF-2 against hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and rat lenses. KGF-2 pretreatment could reduce H2O2-induced cytotoxicity as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. KGF-2 also increases B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), quinine oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD2), and catalase (CAT) levels while decreasing the expression level of Bcl2-associated X (Bax) and cleaved caspase-3 in H2O2-stimulated HLECs. LY294002, the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitor, abolished KGF-2’s effect to some extent, demonstrating that KGF-2 protected HLECs via the PI3K/Akt pathway. On the other hand, KGF-2 activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Silencing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by targeted-siRNA and inhibiting heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) through zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) significantly decreased cytoprotection of KGF-2. Furthermore, as revealed by lens organ culture assays, KGF-2 treatment decreased H2O2-induced lens opacity in a concentration-dependent manner. As demonstrated by these data, KGF-2 resisted H2O2-mediated apoptosis and oxidative stress in HLECs through Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/Akt pathways, suggesting a potential protective effect against the formation of cataracts.
Effect of Using Modern Banking Services on Customer Inspiration: Statistical Analysis
Authors: Jassem Moqdad Ibrahim , Rahman Rafiduraida Abdul , Ibrahim Abdelrahman Mohamed
Published: February 2022

Customer inspiration has recently gained much interest in marketing theory due to its consistent results as a customer management technique. Herein, the relationship between banking services and customer inspiration through the role of gender moderation is presented. Structural equation modelling through partial least squares modelling (PLS-SEM) has been employed to determine the nature of relationships between variables. Six hundred and forty questionnaires are distributed to branches of ten banks distributed in nine major cities in Iraq, including the capital, Baghdad. Data collection took 62 days; 394 complete answers (i.e., 61.56%) are collected. The approximate viability was evaluated by analyzing the average values of the extracted AVE contrast, where the average AVE was greater than 0.5 for all formulations. The findings show that banking services have a significant positive effect on inspiration and that gender has a positive role in mediating the relationship as a moderation variable.
Personalized Music Recommendation Algorithm Based on Spark Platform
Authors: Sun Juan
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional recommendation algorithms in dealing with large-scale music data, such as low accuracy and poor real-time performance, a personalized recommendation algorithm based on the Spark platform is proposed. The algorithm is based on the Spark platform. The K-means clustering model between users and music is constructed using an AFSA (artificial fish swarm algorithm) to optimize the initial centroids of K-means to improve the clustering effect. Based on the scoring relationship between users and users and users and music attributes, the collaborative filtering algorithm is applied to calculate the correlation between users to achieve accurate recommendations. Finally, the performance of the designed recommendation model is validated by deploying the recommendation model on the Spark platform using the Yahoo Music dataset and online music platform dataset. The experimental results show that the use of improved AFSA can complete the optimization of K-means clustering centroids with good clustering results; combined with the distributed fast computing capability of Spark platform with multiple nodes, the recommendation accuracy has better performance than traditional recommendation algorithms; especially when dealing with large-scale music data, the recommendation accuracy and real-time performance are higher, which meet the current demand of personalized music recommendation.
Finite Time Prescribed Performance Control for Uncertain Second‐Order Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Lv Hui , Xiang Wei , Zhu Jun
Published: February 2022

In this article, we discuss the finite time stability problem for second‐order systems with an uncertain nonlinear function. A finite time performance function with the sinusoidal function is constructed, and the constrained problem of the original system is transformed into the stability problem of the equivalent system. Combining prescribed performance control and fuzzy logic systems, an effective control method is proposed. The simulation results also prove that the method we adopted is effective.
Evaluation of Fundus Blood Flow Perfusion in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy after PPV with Fundus Color Doppler Based on Big Data Mining
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Fangfang , Zhao Weiwei
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we have carefully investigated the clinical phenotype and genotype of patients with Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) with diabetes mellitus as the main manifestation. Retinal vessel segmentation is an important tool for the detection of many eye diseases and plays an important role in the automated screening system for retinal diseases. A segmentation algorithm based on a multiscale attentional resolution network is proposed to address the problem of insufficient segmentation of small vessels and pathological missegmentation in existing methods. The network is based on the encoder-decoder architecture, and the attention residual block is introduced in the submodule to enhance the feature propagation ability and reduce the impact of uneven illumination and low contrast on the model. The jump connection is added between the encoder and decoder, and the traditional pooling layer is removed to retain sufficient vascular detail information. Two multiscale feature fusion methods, parallel multibranch structure, and spatial pyramid pooling are used to achieve feature extraction under different sensory fields. We collected the clinical data, laboratory tests, and imaging examinations of JBS patients, extracted the genomic DNA of relevant family members, and validated them by whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing. The patient had diabetes mellitus as the main manifestation, with widened eye spacing, low flat nasal root, hypoplastic nasal wing, and low hairline deformities. Genetic testing confirmed the presence of a c.4463 T > C (p.Ile1488Thr) pure missense mutation in the UBR1 gene, which was a novel mutation locus, and pathogenicity analysis indicated that the locus was pathogenic. This patient carries a new UBR1 gene c.4463 T > C pure mutation, which improves the clinical understanding of the clinical phenotypic spectrum of JBS and broadens the genetic spectrum of the UBR1 gene. The experimental results showed that the method achieved 83.26% and 82.56% F1 values on CHASEDB1 and STARE standard sets, respectively, and 83.51% and 81.20% sensitivity, respectively, and its performance was better than the current mainstream methods.
Deficient Autophagy in Microglia Aggravates Repeated Social Defeat Stress-Induced Social Avoidance
Authors: Sakai Mai , Yu Zhiqian , Hirayama Ryo , Nakasato Masa , Kikuchi Yoshie , Ono Chiaki , Komatsu Hiroshi , Nakanishi Miharu , Yoshii Hatsumi , Stellwagen David , Furuyashiki Tomoyuki , Komatsu Masaaki , Tomita Hiroaki
Published: February 2022

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with repeated exposure to environmental stress. Autophagy is activated under various stress conditions that are associated with several diseases in the brain. This study was aimed at elucidating the autophagy signaling changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) under repeated social defeat (RSD) to investigate the involvement of microglial autophagy in RSD-induced behavioral changes. We found that RSD stress, an animal model of MDD, significantly induced initial autophagic signals followed by increased transcription of autophagy-related genes (Atg6, Atg7, and Atg12) in the PFC. Similarly, significantly increased transcripts of ATGs (Atg6, Atg7, Atg12, and Atg5) were confirmed in the postmortem PFC of patients with MDD. The protein levels of the prefrontal cortical LC3B were significantly increased, whereas p62 was significantly decreased in the resilient but not in susceptible mice and patients with MDD. This indicates that enhanced autophagic flux may alleviate stress-induced depression. Furthermore, we identified that FKBP5, an early-stage autophagy regulator, was significantly increased in the PFC of resilient mice at the transcript and protein levels. In addition, the resilient mice exhibited enhanced autophagic flux in the prefrontal cortical microglia, and the autophagic deficiency in microglia aggravated RSD-induced social avoidance, indicating that microglial autophagy involves stress-induced behavioral changes.
Hemodynamic Effects of Methamphetamine and General Anesthesia
Authors: Safdari Keyvan M. , Converse Curtis , Dong Fanglong , MacDougall Nickolas Alan , Hyer Kevin , Runyon Alec , Ahlering Haley , Comunale Mark E.
Published: February 2022

Study Objective. In our practice, we deal with a significant number of patients who require general anesthesia for elective or semielective surgeries and are positive for illicit methamphetamine. We sought to examine our clinical impression that these patients become hemodynamically unstable under general anesthesia. Design. A retrospective analysis of all anesthetic records at our institution over a two-year period was performed. Setting. Operating room cases under balanced anesthesia. Patients. All patients with ASA class I or II, who did not have trauma or were initially admitted to ICU, aged 18–65, without preexisting cardiac, renal, or pulmonary disease. Patients were divided into three groups: those acutely positive for methamphetamine within 48 hours of surgery (n = 137), those positive for methamphetamine between 48 hours and 7 days of surgery (n = 69), and randomly selected controls who were negative for methamphetamine within 7 days of surgery (n = 159). Measurements. Intraoperative hemodynamic instability was defined as either a drop of more than 40% in MAP for greater than 5 minutes or requirement for significant amount of vasopressors. Main Results. Among the patients who were acutely positive for methamphetamine within 24 hours, 31.4% met the criteria for hemodynamic instability within the first hour of general anesthesia, compared to 26.1% of the subacutely positive patients and 6.3% of controls (

p
<
0.0001

). This was despite lower doses of anesthetic medications in the acutely and subacutely positive groups. Conclusion. Patients who present to the operating room with a positive urine drug screen for amphetamines within 2 days of surgery are at increased risk of hemodynamic instability. Postponing surgery up to 7 days somewhat decreases this risk, but not to the levels of patients who do not use methamphetamines.
miR-197 Participates in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cardiomyocyte Injury by Modulating SIRT1
Authors: Liu Miaomiao , Zhang Ying , Cao Xiantong , Shi Tao , Yan Yang
Published: February 2022

Sepsis is a systemic inflammation and is capable of inducing myocarditis, which is a major leading cause of death in patients. Studies have found that miR-197 is correlated with the prognosis of patients with inflammatory heart disease, but its effect on sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte injury remains unclear. We treated H9c2 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), then detected the cell viability via the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and quantified miR-197 expression via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Then, we investigated the role of miR-197 in LPS-induced H9c2 cells by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) measurement, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), qRT-PCR, and western blot. Subsequently, silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was downregulated in H9c2 cells to explore its interaction with miR-197 under LPS induction. LPS induced miR-197 overexpression in H9c2 cells. LPS restrained viability, the expressions of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and SIRT1, but promoted apoptosis, LDH release, and levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), acetyl (AC)-p53, BCL2-associated X (Bax), and cleaved caspase-3 in H9c2 cells. miR-197 inhibition reversed the effects of LPS on H9c2 cells. The protective role of miR-197 downregulation in LPS-induced H9c2 cells was reversed by SIRT1 silencing. miR-197 contributed to LPS-induced cardiomyocyte injury by modulating SIRT1, which might be used as a molecular marker in the management of sepsis.
Breather Wave and Traveling Wave Solutions for A (2 + 1)-Dimensional KdV4 Equation
Authors: Tao Sixing
Published: February 2022

In this paper, an integrable (2 + 1)-dimensional KdV4 equation is considered. By considering variable transformation and Bell polynomials, an effective and straightforward way is presented to derive its bilinear form. The homoclinic breather test method is employed to construct the breather wave solutions of the equation. Then, the dynamic behaviors of breather waves are discussed with graphic analysis. Finally, the

G

′

/

G

2

expansion method is employed to obtain traveling wave solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional integrable KdV4 equation, including trigonometric solutions and exponential solutions.
Pulmonary Actinomycosis Revealed by a Solitary Pulmonary Nodule
Authors: Khaled Deghdegh , Besma Terra , Kamel Amoura , Rachid Benali
Published: February 2022

Background. Pulmonary actinomycosis (PA) is a rare and ubiquitous bacterial disorder, combining subacute or chronic focal suppuration and an expansive fibrogranulomatous lesion. Lung involvement is rare. The radioclinical manifestations of this infection are polymorphic and confusing. The form revealed by a solitary pulmonary nodule is exceptional and not documented in the literature. Case Presentation. We report a case of a 71-year-old patient, 25-year package smoker, revealed by repeated moderate-abundance hemoptysis with a rare radiological image: in the form of a solitary pulmonary nodule located at the left chest base. The negativity of bacteriological research, endoscopic samples, the failure of treatment of the bleeding by medical and embolization, and at last the suspicion of a neoplasia led us to perform a thoracotomy for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This surgery highlighted evidence of filamentous basophilic grains posing the diagnosis of PA. Appropriate treatment allowed a cure without recurrence after 02 years of follow-up. Conclusion. Pulmonary actinomycosis can be revealed by different radiological forms. Pulmonary actinomycosis should be considered in the presence of any solitary lung nodule in order to reduce the morbidity and cost associated with thoracotomy.
Correlation between Acylcarnitine and Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: An Zhenni , Zheng Danmeng , Wei Dongzhuo , Jiang Dingwen , Xing Xuejiao , Liu Chang
Published: February 2022

Objective. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it is unknown whether acylcarnitine changes in the patient’s plasma as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) occurs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between acylcarnitines and DPN in Chinese patients with T2DM. Methods. A total of 508 patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University were included in this study, and all of whom were hospitalized for T2DM from January 2018 to December 2020. The diagnostic criteria for DPN were based on the 2017 Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes. The contents of 25 acylcarnitine metabolites in fasting blood were determined by mass spectrometry. The measured acylcarnitines were classified by factor analysis, and the factors were extracted. To determine the correlation between acylcarnitines and DPN, binary logistic regression analysis was applied. Results. Among the 508 T2DM patients, 270 had DPN. Six factors were extracted from 25 acylcarnitines, and the cumulative contribution rate of variance was 61.02%. After the adjustment for other potential confounding factors, such as other carnitines and conventional risk factors, Factor 2 was positively associated with an increased risk of DPN (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.13-1.69). Factor 2 contained acetylcarnitine (C2), propionylcarnitine (C3), butylcarnitine (C4), and isovalerylcarnitine (C5). Conclusions. Plasma levels of short-chain acylcarnitines (C2, C3, C4, and C5) were positively associated with DPN risk.
Machine Learning Identifies Pan-Cancer Landscape of Nrf2 Oxidative Stress Response Pathway-Related Genes
Authors: Li Na , Zhan Xianquan
Published: February 2022

Background. Oxidative stress produced a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which played a pivotal role in balanced ability and determining cell fate. The activated Nrf2 signaling pathway that responds to the excessive ROS regulated the expressions of antiapoptotic proteins, antioxidative enzymes, drug transporters, and detoxifying factors. Methods. The Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes that had a direct relationship with Nrf2, including ATF4, BACH1, CREBBP, CUL3, EIF2AK3, EP300, FOS, FOSL1, GSK3B, JUN, KEAP1, MAF, MAFF, MAFG, MAFK, MAPK1, MAPK3, MAPK7, MAPK8, MAPK9, PIK3CA, PRRT2, and RIT1, were selected to do a systematic pan-cancer analysis. The relationship of Nrf2 signaling pathway-related gene expressions with tumor mutation burden, microsatellite status, clinical characteristics, immune system, cancer stemness index, and drug sensitivity was calculated by the Spearson correlation analysis across 11,057 subjects representing 33 cancer types. The prognosis models in lung squamous carcinoma, breast cancer, and stomach cancer were constructed with the Cox multivariate regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression. Results. Many Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes were differently expressed between tumor and normal tissues. PIK3CA showed high mutation rate in pan-cancer. The expressions of Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes were significantly related to tumor mutation burden, copy number variant, microsatellite instability score, survival rate, pathological stage, immune phenotype, immune score, immune cell, cancer stemness index, and drug sensitivity. The prognosis models were significantly associated with survival rate in lung squamous carcinoma, breast cancer, and stomach cancer; and the prognosis model-based riskscore was significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics of each cancer. Conclusions. The study provided a comprehensive pan-cancer landscape of Nrf2 pathway-related genes. Based on the same Nrf2 pathway-related genes, the different prognosis models were constructed for different types of cancers.
Wireless Sensor Data Acquisition and Control Monitoring Model for Internet of Things Applications
Authors: Abdul Haleem SulaimaLebbe , Kshirsagar Pravin R. , Manoharan Hariprasath , Prathap BoppuruRudra , S Hemalatha , Pradeep Kumar Kukatlapalli , Tirth Vineet , Islam Saiful , Katragadda Raghuveer , Amibo Temesgen Abeto
Published: February 2022

This article focuses on providing solutions for one important application termed as agriculture. In India, one major occupation for people living in urban and rural areas is agriculture where an economic rate depends only on the crops they yield. In such cases, if an intelligent monitoring device is not integrated then it becomes difficult for the farmers to grow their crops and to accomplish marginal income from what they have invested. Also existing methods have been analyzed in the same field where some devices have been installed and checked for increasing the productivity of horticulture crops. But existing methods fail to install an intelligent monitoring device that can provide periodic results within short span of time. Therefore, a sensor based technology with Internet of Things (IoT) has been implemented in the projected work for monitoring major parameters that support the growth and income of farmers. Also, an optimization algorithm for identifying the loss in different crops has been incorporated for maximizing the system boundary and to transmit data to farmers located in different areas. To prove the cogency of proposed method some existing methods have been compared and the results prove the projected technique produces improved results for about 58%.
Research on Low-Carbon Economic Operation Strategy of Renewable Energy-Pumped Storage Combined System
Authors: Chang Yuhong , Liu Shizhong , Wang Lei , Cong Wenbo , Zhang Zilong , Qi Shaolong
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the problem of insufficient peak shaving capacity of the power system after large-scale renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaics is connected to the grid, a new energy-pumped storage combined system low-carbon economic operation strategy is proposed. First, the energy storage characteristics of pumped storage are studied; wind power and photovoltaic output are shifted in time and space; and a new energy-pumped storage combined system model with photovoltaics, wind power, and pumped storage as the main body is established. Second, the carbon trading mechanism was introduced, and the reward and punishment ladder carbon trading cost model was established. Then, via the new energy-pumped storage combined system, the upper optimization target with the smallest investment cost and the lower optimization target with the largest system benefit are established, and a two-layer optimization model solution method based on linearly decreasing inertia weight particle swarm optimization and sequential quadratic programming algorithm is proposed. Finally, via the operating data of a pumped storage power station on an island in northern China, the new energy-pumped storage combined system low-carbon economic operation strategy was simulated and verified. The simulation results show that the low-carbon economic operation strategy of the new energy-pumped storage combined system proposed in this paper can effectively suppress load fluctuations, reduce the impact of wind and wind anti-peak regulation characteristics on the power grid, increase the utilization rate of renewable energy, and improve system economy.
The relationship between additional heads of the quadriceps femoris, the vasti muscles, and the patellar ligament
Authors: Olewnik Łukasz , Ruzik Kacper , Szewczyk Bartłomiej , Podgórski Michał , Aragonés Paloma , Karauda Piotr , Tubbs R. Shane , Sanudo Jose Ramon , Pires Maria Bettencourt , Polguj Michał
Published: February 2022

Introduction. The quadriceps femoris consists of four muscles: the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis. However, the effect of additional quadriceps femoris heads on the vasti muscles and patellar ligaments is unknown. The aims of the present study are to determine the relationship between additional quadriceps femoris heads and the vasti muscles and patellar ligaments and to review the morphology of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. Materials and Methods. One hundred and six lower limbs (34 male and 19 female cadavers) fixed in 10% formalin were examined. Results. On all lower extremities, the vastus lateralis consisted of superficial, intermediate, and deep layers. The vastus medialis, on the other hand, consisted of only the longus and obliquus layers. The quadriceps head had one or more supplementary heads in 106 dissected limbs from 68 cadavers (64.1%). The distal portion of the patella was wider in lower limbs without supplementary heads than in type IA but narrower than in type IIIA. In general, the distal portion of the patella was narrower in specimens with a supplementary head than in those without (19.03 SD 3.18 mm vs. 20.58 SD 2.95 mm, p = 0.03817). Other patellar ligament dimensions did not differ significantly. Conclusion. The quadriceps femoris muscle is characterized by high morphological variability. Occurrence of extra heads is at the level of 64.1%. The vastus lateralis consists of three parts (superficial, intermediate, and deep), and vastus medialis consists of two (longus and oblique).