bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEANING-OF-LIFE ORIENTATIONS AND REPRESENTATIONS OF MODERN YOUNG PEOPLE CONCERNING THEIR SELF-REALIZATION IN SOCIAL-CULTURAL SPACE OF PSKOV REGION
Authors: Gribanova Diana , Ivanova Svetlana , Manoilova Marina , Nikolaev Alexey
Published: May 2016

The article raised an important issue of opportunities modern young people in the framework of socio-cultural conditions of the region - the Pskov region. Presents a program of experimental research and its results. Examines the relationship between meaning-of-life and value orientations of graduates of various educational institutions: schools, colleges and the University and attitude toward the past, present and future of the Pskov region and opportunities. The comparative analysis of different groups of graduates in the studied characteristics was done.
TEACHING BIOSCIENCE IN PRIMARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL AND CHILDREN'S ECOLOGICAL AWARENESS
Authors: Pytel Krzysztof , Piaskowska Małgorzata , Migo Piotr
Published: May 2016

In the article, the aims of teaching bioscience in primary and middle school have been introduced. Core curriculum has been mentioned as well, and the tools that may be used by a teacher to convey theory and practical knowledge in the most efficient way  have been discussed. Furthermore, it has been noticed that various ecological ventures have a positive impact on children's ecological awareness. In the second part of the article, results of surveys conducted among primary and middle school students have been introduced. It embraces also questions and answers, in which children describe their knowledge level about the condition of environment and talk about their attitude towards taking care of nature, and what are the stimuli of such demeanours. In addition, the task of surveys was to find out which issues teachers pay particular attention to. The last two questions were to check the knowledge.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION DURING TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES ON THE THIRD STAGE OF SCHOOL EDUCATION IN POLAND
Authors: Pytel Krzysztof , Piaskowska Małgorzata , Rowińska Małgorzata
Published: May 2016

Technical education, is mainly focused on exploring the world of technology, arising the technical conscious and discovering the world that surrounds us. But also is in touch with the development of knowledge and awareness of environmental education, and arising the environmental responsibility which is part of the world. This study describes the ecological issues in technical education and the need of creating them. These are the objectives of environmental education and all educational activities and educational content covering environmental protection. Specifying what content should be put there to create students the opportunity to explore additional knowledge about the world.
INTEGRATED LANGUAGE LEARNING IN ESTONIAN NATIONAL CURRICULA (NC) FOR GENERAL COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOLS
Authors: Läänemets Urve , Kalamees-Ruubel Katrin
Published: May 2016

Multiple language skills have become a critical issue in the globalised world. The EU education strategy 2020 document includes mother tongue and two foreign languages among its key competencies to be achieved. To promote learning with comprehension, an integrated approach to curriculum design can be taken, including a cycle of language subjects that makes use of both the manifest and hidden curricula as well as different learning environments. The 21st century approach to education requires from all school staff not only technical but considerable intellectual competence. Language learning is expected to meet the regional and local demand for particular language skills, which is determined by regular monitoring according to functional styles.
PROMOTION OF INFORMATION LITERACY ABILITIES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL LEARNERS BY PHYSICS LABS
Authors: Peciuliauskiene Palmira
Published: May 2016

The article deals with the role of Physics labs in promoting information literacy abilities of secondary school learners. The methodological basis of research is inquiry-based learning. The article focuses on the second level of inquiry-based learning referred to Guided inquiry. According to the The article deals with the role of Physics labs in promoting information literacy abilities of secondary school learners. The methodological basis of research is inquiry-based learning. The article focuses on the third level of inquiry-based learning referred to Guided Inquiry. According to the Guided Inquiry, the problem and procedures of labs are predefined for students but the methods of analysis, communication and conclusions are not set and depend on the students. The research problem is formulated as a question: What are information literacy abilities of secondary schools learners and how are they determined by the guided physics experimental activity?Learners’ information literacy abilities are analyzed on the basis of Information literacy model ACRL (The Association of College and Research Libraries). According to this model, informationliteracy is based on five groups of information abilities: an ability to recognize the need for information; an ability to search appropriate resources effectively and identify relevant information; an ability to evaluate information; an ability to know why information should be used in an ethical manner, and an ability to store and manage the information.
SELF-DIRECTED CROSS-CURRICULUM TEACHING/LEARNING PROCESS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PARADIGM SHIFT
Authors: Petere Anita
Published: May 2016

The strategy of a sustainable development of Latvia until year 2030 marks a significant trend – creativity and talents as competitiveness. The key words of the progress of education policy can be characterized as learning together – pupil and pupil, pupil and teacher, teacher and teacher, building a supportive and creative environment in teaching/learning process. On the basis of the above mentioned, a paradigm shift clearly emerges in school pedagogical process. It can be characterized as learning by doing – changing the achievement evaluation system, providing  pupils’ understanding to influence and guide the study process themselves according to their interests and needs for personality development.The essence of the research reveals the correlations between a self-directed cross-curriculum teaching/learning process of early school age pupils and the implementation of the paradigm focused on a pupil’s learning activity.The sources of self-development and a self-directed teaching/learning process lie in action itself. An action has its direction and the meeting of learning needs emerges in this direction.The research reveals that a successful, self-directed teaching/learning process, based on theoretical conclusions, provides the implementation of the paradigm focused on a pupil’s learning activity and meeting the pupil’s learning needs. In its turn, the necessity for a further advance of the research emerges in order to discover pedagogical means for the motivation of teachers- practitioners to change their conventional style of work and see the advantages of the paradigm focused on a pupil’s learning activity for the progress of personality development.
UNDERSTANDING OF BASIC CONCEPTS FOR MASTERING COMPETENCES OF SCHOOL MATHEMATICS
Authors: Sondore Anita , Krastiņa Elfrīda , Daugulis Pēteris , Drelinga Elga
Published: May 2016

Mathematical competence as a universal and fundamental competence is essential for everyone as a problem solving and life quality improving tool. It is also essential for future teachers who will implement competence based teaching processes starting from elementary schools and preschools. The goal of this research is to discuss typical errors about certain basic mathematical concepts which are taught in school. Failure to grasp these concepts cause problems for learning subsequent mathematics courses and dealing with practical problems. This research will help to improve studies at university level. Experience analysis of university educators related to oral and written answers of students in tests is used in this research. Observations show that many errors get repeated year by year.
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF YOUTH CIVIL POSITION IN THE PEDAGOGICAL PROCESS
Authors: Jurs Pāvels , Samuseviča Alīda
Published: May 2016

Emphasizing the social value of the democratic state and civic society, the authors of the publication have updated the theoretical nuances of attitudes towards citizenship of young people as well as the formation of civic position and empirical findings in the field of civic engagement and promotion opportunities. The objective of publication is: basing on the theoretical understanding of the dimensions of the citizenship formation, to characterize the manifestations of civic attitudes of 9th grade students in the pedagogical process and to assess the practical aspects of the formation of civic position through approbation of upbringing and educational program in ensuring young people's civic engagement.
MOTIVATING SCHOOLGIRLS TO LEARN DISCIPLINES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND PHYSICS
Authors: Urboniene Aiste
Published: May 2016

Sector of technological and physical sciences is exceptionally male professional area. It is rather difficult to motivate girls already in the school for career in this field. Professional gender stereotypes are one of the main reasons that impact attitudes towards girls in this male area. In this young age both parents and teachers play an important role as well as dominating images in media, forming aspirations concerning professional career. Thus, the school environment is particularly significant as motivating or demotivating girls to select this pathway of their professional career. This paper is aimed to identify factors significant for development of professional motivation for technological and physical sciences among schoolgirls in Lithuanian schools. The sample consisted of 1398 schoolchildren (58 % females and 42 % males) from 33 Lithuanian schools. The average age of the schoolchildren was 16-17 years. The study was financed by Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Lithuania.The results of the empirical analysis indicated that boys expressed stronger professional motivation and showed higher interest in IT and Physics practicing the related activities on their free time, whereas girls expressed lower evaluation of their abilities to learn IT and Physics and more follow gender stereotypes.
THE FORMATION OF UNIVERSAL EDUCATIONAL ACTIONS OF FORMULATING AND SOLVING PROBLEMS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Solovyova Tatiana , Smirnova Tatiana
Published: May 2016

The article is intended for the organization of the effective intellectual development of junior schoolchildren. For this purpose, the article presents the structure of the universal cognitive actions for formulating and solving problems allowing teachers to manage their forming in the educational process of primary school. The substantial characteristic of each of the structural components built through the analysis of theoretical sources, the pilot study and the standardized observation of the school practice that have been conducted made it possible to describe the criteria, the indicators and the levels of formation of the universal educational actions for formulating and solving problems by primary school children.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHILD LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kuzina Viktorija
Published: May 2016

Childhood is the basis for both life and language acquisition. The child language is greatly influenced by the language environment – parents and other family members, teachers, as well as movies, TV and radio broadcasting, theatre performances, books. Meanwhile exploring the world and characterizing it, the child gradually acquires the skill to use in its language synonyms, antonyms, phraseology, comparisons, learns to understand foreign origin words used on daily basis, etc.In order to establish, which factors are influencing positively the child language development, a questionnaire was worked out. Students, general education school teachers, as well as the preschool education teachers completed the questionnaire. The research on the factors influencing the children's language development was accomplished in the framework of the Norwegian project in 2015. The results of the questionnaire and opinion polls prove, the childhood stage is very significant in the child language development, and really great is the responsibility of adults (parents and teachers), to ensure that this process develops as valid, interesting and exciting for the child. One of the conditions for successful acquisition of the Latvian language vocabulary stock is the example shown by the speech of adults. The use of illiterate language must also be eliminated from schools, mass media, etc.
LATVIAN ADAPTATION OF MCARTHUR-BATES COMMUNICATIVE DEVELOPMENT INVENTORIES
Authors: Vulāne Anna , Urek Olga , Markus Dace
Published: May 2016

The article discusses the methodology and the preliminary results of the research project entitled “Latvian language in Monolingual and Bilingual Acquisition: tools, theories and applications” (LAMBA). The project involves 25 researchers – linguists, educators, psychologists – from five institutions in Latvia and Norway, and focuses on phonological, lexical and morphosyntactic acquisition of Latvian as a native language in monolingual and bilingual settings. One of the main goals of the project is to develop a set of norm-referenced language assessment tools that would allow for accurate and time-efficient evaluation of language development in pre-school children.The article will focus specifically on the Latvian adaptation of MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories – a parental report tool that assesses the development of receptive and productive vocabulary, and certain aspects of grammar. Two CDI forms were adapted in the project: CDI Words and Gestures designed for use with children between 8 and 16 months of age, and CDI Words and Sentences designed for 16- to 36-month old children. Each CDI form contains extensive and language-specific checklists of lexical items, communicative gestures and grammatical constructions.
INTERACTIVE COMPUTER SIMULATION AS A RESPONSE TO CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Prauzner Tomasz
Published: May 2016

The theory of teaching, commonly referred to as didactics, is gaining increasing recognition in the work of a teacher immersed in the present-day reality of education. It appears right to assume that familiarity with the changing world should inspire innovativeness aimed to eliminate unnecessary or inadequate phenomena. For this reason, it is advisable to treat didactics as a theoretical discipline with practical implications for teachers, especially in the process of transforming and perfecting the educational system to make it meet the real social and economic challenges. The paper presents empirical studies conducted in the period 2010-2015 among full-time and weekend students of Safety Engineering at Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Poland. The studies were aimed to test the hypothesis that using deterministic computer simulations in the didactic process fosters learning effectiveness in the field of technological education as compared to traditional methods applied in a laboratory.  The investigation employed extended methodology including verifying detailed hypotheses by means of empirical studies proved to be significant by the c2 (chi-squared) test. It was also situated within the general theory of education, additionally addressing the postulates of constructivist and cognitivist paradigms of learning.
APPLICATION OF SOFTWARE PACKAGES IN RESEARCH AND DIDACTICS
Authors: Ptak Paweł
Published: May 2016

The paper describes software packages National Instrument Multisim and DasyLab. The former can be applied for designing, testing and simulations of electronic and digital elements and systems. The latter is used for designing virtual measuring systems for obtaining measuring data from real objects and measuring sensors. Both software packages can be fruitfully applied in research and in the teaching of technology-related subjects. The paper presents examples of both kinds of applications of the software under scrutiny.
THE STRUCTURE AND GUIDELINES OF PRE-VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND ASSISTANCE FOR PUPILS WITH MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Authors: Valaikiene Aiste , Kaffemaniene Irena , Baranauskiene Ingrida
Published: May 2016

The research aims to disclose the structure and guidelines of pre-vocational education and assistance for pupils with mild intellectual disabilities. In order to achieve the research aim, the qualitative research was chosen. It was conducted using modified elements of Delphi group discussion method. The study participants were highly qualified specialists (13 experts) with 5 to 25 years’ experience of educating pupils with special educational needs or providing educational assistance to them. The authors of the research systematized specialists’ approaches towards pre-vocational education of pupils with mild intellectual disabilities, discussed possibilities of improving early preparation of these pupils for the world of labour.
GAME AS FACILITATOR IN DEVELOPMENT OF PHONOLOGICAL PERCEPTION FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Tūbele Sarmīte , Vilka Ilze
Published: May 2016

Language is the highest form of communication, it’s given only to people and it is very important for children’s psychological development. In 5 – 6 years most of the children all native language’s sounds pronounce correctly, phonological perception is formed, however, not all children have reached an appropriate level of development, therefore compulsory preparatory school program of language acquisition in children creates an aversion to learning. Disorders of fonological perception are very complicated and require a lot of serious and patient work in the intervention. In 5 – 6 years of age, children are active, open, spontaneous, curious and very persistent. At this age closest activities for children are plays and games and in these activities they acquires their own life experience.
FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN THE TERMS OF EMPLOYMENT OF PERSONS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Malinovská Olga
Published: May 2016

A good job is one of the most important criteria of the quality of life of people with severe visual impairment. It not only helps people to widen their range of social interactions, but also to improve people´s skills and abilities. This study focuses on the difficulties these people experience in the study of foreign languages, and whether they perceive the learning of foreign languages as an important part of their work.This qualitative type of research was made through interviews and studying of clients´ documentation. Participants in the study were people of mature age, who have been forced to change their jobs, or even the qualifications because of the acquired disability. Currently, these people use the services of a local specialized Center for people with visual impairments, where the study took place.The survey results show that clients do not only perceive the knowledge of a foreign language as an important component of their quality of life, but also would like to use foreign languages in the workplace. Unfortunately, this is often impossible because of the lack of appropriate materials and training courses, and in some cases, because of low internal motivation of these people.
THE QUALIFICATION IMPROVEMENT OF SOCIAL WORKERS WORKING IN CHILDREN‘S CARE HOMES IN THE CONTEXT OF THEIR RESTRUCTURING
Authors: Gudzinskienė Vida , Raudeliūnaitė Rita
Published: May 2016

The article analyses the qualification improvement of social workers, who work in children‘s care homes, in the context of their restructuring. A qualitative-empirical study has been conducted by using the method of a semi-structured interview. The study data were processed by using the method of content analysis. The results of the empirical study are based on the experience of 14 social workers, who work in care institutions, which participate in the restructuring, which consists of the changeover from institutional care to the services that are provided to children, who have become destitute of parental care, in a family and community. Internal (an aspiration for a continuous qualification improvement and the desire to share professional experience) and external (changes related to the restructuring, ever higher requirements for social workers, the encouragement and support of the administration of institutions to improve their qualification) stimuli to improve qualification have been highlighted. The most relevant topics of qualification improvement for social workers are the development of personal and social skills in children, the preparation of them for an independent life, the solution of behavioural and psychological problems in children and the preparedness of social workers themselves for the restructuring and the need for supervisions. The topics, which  meet their needs, are: the development of social skills, the communication with children and the preparation of them for a family. According to the informants, there is a lack of trainings oriented towards the solution of practical problems which arise while organizing the restructuring. The following problems related to the improvement of qualification were highlighted: the mismatch between the teaching topics and the content, during the trainings for social worker, who work in children‘s care homes, the problems of other social groups, but not of children are analysed. During trainings, there is a lack of the detailed examination of the solution of practical problems. The social workers lack trainings related to the preparation for the restructuring.
DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION POSSIBILITIES BETWEEN PARTICIPANTS OF THE TEMPORARY CHILD GUARDIANSHIP SITUATION: THE RELATION OF VARIABLES
Authors: Alifanoviene Daiva , Vaitkeviciene Asta , Kauneckiene Dovile , Orska Rita
Published: May 2016

Based on the quantitative research results, the article deals with communication peculiarities of the participants of the temporary child guardianship situation – children and their biological parents whose parental rights are temporarily limited – at the temporary foster care institution in the aspect of specialists working there. Using descriptive mathematical statistics and statistical analysis methods, specialists’ opinion about the causes of disagreements between specialists and learners, the causes of disagreements between  parents and specialists, and communication development possibilities of the participants of the temporary child guardianship situation were analysed.
PREVENTION OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE USE AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE AS A SOCIALLY PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM
Authors: Vilks Andrejs
Published: May 2016

In the century of modern technologies the human behaviour models are changing, new types of addiction are developing, including addiction to processes (cyber, games addiction), as well as addiction to new substances. Among young people there is observed an increased spreading of new psychotropic substances, manufacturing of which is very simple, but their realization determines possibilities for a markedly great profit. In the cultural environment of young people the new traditions are formed, specific elements of subculture, positive attitude towards being able to use and apply something new. A new value system is developing with a sense of unlimited freedom and extensive rights. Along with the chances to buy and use new psychoactive substances, the changes occur also in the young people’s psyche, affecting their emotional and physical condition. A new, socially-pedagogical approach is needed in restriction of the use of these new psychoactive substance.
THE INFLUENCE OF GENDER AND FAMILY IN ONLINE PARTICIPATION OF TEENAGERS AT SOCIAL RISK
Authors: Gerulaitienė Eglė , Šidagytė Jolita
Published: May 2016

Internet is a mean of mass information and fulfills the traditional functions of a public space without doubts. Participation in the virtual space is defined as a problematic use of the Internet process which damages the disadvantaged young person's personality, which is already characterized by a lack of social skills, communication, feelings of expression issues. The majority of young people are attracted by internet space, by its anonymity and availability. The aim of the research is to analyze the influence of gender and family aspects in online participation of teenagers at social risk. The research showed that the internet provides the great and additional opportunities to teenagers at social risk, something they don’t get in their families. Children living with grandparents or with only one parent are more active users of Internet social networks in comparison with other children. They seldom recognize the Internet dangers and more quickly become emotionally dependent on the Internet. The adults’ control or its absence determines the expression and frequency of online participation of teenagers at social risk. The girls more frequently recognize the dangers of virtual space than the boys do; but the girls use to publish more information about themselves. The research results show that the participation of teenagers at social risk in social networks is unconscious. Young people are not able to “filter” and select proper information, usually equate the virtual world with reality. Online participation of teenagers is reasoned by satisfaction of needs, parents’ inattention and search for new acquaintances.
INCIDENTAL FINDINGS OF PARANASAL SINUSES IDENTIFIED ON COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY SCANS
Authors: Klagiša Renāta
Published: May 2016

The research work has been dedicated for computer tomography and devoted to the analysis of computer tomography scans. Visual diagnostic methods are widely applied in medicine. Therefore incidental findings are more often. An incidental finding is any abnormality not related to the illness or causes that prompted the diagnostic imaging test. Abnormalities of the paranasal sinuses are frequently encountered as incidental findings during spiral computer tomography evaluation of head and cone beam computer tomography for dental purposes. The growing number of imaging techniques performed per patient causes an increase in the number of incidental findings. How these findings should be managed is far from settled.The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the occurrence and type of incidental abnormalities of paranasal sinuses detected by radiographic examinations in the Latvian population of adults.The research work includes retrospective data of three hundred patients. They underwent spiral computer tomography scan of the head referred for non-sinus pathologies in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital in Latvia between February 2015 and October 2015.This is the first report describing incidental findings of paranasal sinuses, the types, the most frequently affected sinuses in Latvian population of adults and also associations between incidental findings and such factors as age, gender, season, septal deviation and enlarged inferior nasal turbinates.
THE ROLE OF THE TEACHER AND EIGHT KEY COMPETENCE FOR LIFELONG LEARNING. CASE STUDY POLISH SCHOOL IN REZEKNE
Authors: Szulc Sylwia
Published: May 2016

In this article author present the impact of teacher competences on the role played in school. The object of the research is the role played by the teacher in the State Polish Grammar School in Rezekne. In order to compare theory with practice, empirical studies have been conducted in the two - month practice in State Polish Grammar School in Rezekne, which were completed within the practice of Erasmus+.
BAK-SNEPPEN MODELS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF STRUCTURED KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Piccinini Livio Clemente , Chang Ting Fa Margherita , Lepellere Maria Antonietta , Taverna Mario , Tubaro Giovanni
Published: May 2016

Scientific knowledge is subject to a twin evolution, since its development towards novelty creates disconnections and inconsistencies, while the need of structure requires order and method so that transmission and comprehension can be ensured. Models of biological evolution can help to understand many social and economical phenomena where the search for optimality is hindered by voluntary or random competition. Bak-Sneppen is one of the most significant models because it balances at best explication power and simplicity. Unlike cellular automata models, Bak-Sneppen models join locality and globality. The authors try to re-read these models in the framework of mathematics, where, despite its high developped structure, knowledge waves can hinder comprehension both of pupils and of scholars. Some paradoxes are shown, where a greater knowledge diminishes efficiency and capability.
THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN PROMOTING ADULT EDUCATION
Authors: Zemaitaityte Irena
Published: May 2016

The article discusses the function of the library in the changing society and educational activity among elderly citizens. The growing number of elderly people in a society requires permanent revision and adaptation to the new conditions of education, social security, economy, health protection areas. Today the function of the library is seen as a multifunctional institution for education, leisure, culture, information and recreation. Modern library through participation in many programmes and projects provide elderly people with training in computer and digital skills, and functional literacy. Participation in library events enhances activity, engagement, participation in society`s life of the elderly.
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT, EDUCATION AND COMPETENCE AS BASIC ELEMENTS OF CREATIVITY
Authors: Gaveika Artūrs
Published: May 2016

The task of modern technologies is not only to reproduce the obtained information, but also to motivate students to new knowledge, competence and creativity in a wider spectrum of a professional sphere. In this article the connection between education, development and competence in creation of a creative individual has been researched. The author comes to the main conclusion that the creative individual is based on the education and personal development throughout their lives through educational competence of teachers, creating individual and professional competences of a modern person as a base for creative personality.
THE PROBLEM OF USING OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES IN THE LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE AS A LESS WIDESPREAD LANGUAGE IN THE WORLD
Authors: Zuzevičiūtė Vaiva , Ruibytė Laima , Adamonienė Rūta , Stepanovienė Aušra , Pranevičienė Birutė , Dobržinskienė Rasa
Published: May 2016

The demand to promote development of Open Educational Resources (OER) in less used languages is relevant all across Europe. Although numerous education resources are available today, their access in the Lithuanian language is very scarce. The aim of the article is to reveal the importance of OER in the Lithuanian language for the development of teachers’ competences. This is crucial to assure the quality of teaching material by providing a possibility to disseminate innovations, to develop creativity and consistency as well as to share created teaching resources. The article is based on scientific literature analysis and descriptive methods. OER in Lithuanian are crucial to assuring the quality of teaching material by providing teachers a possibility to develop their competences, creativity, and consistency as well as to apply innovations and share the designed resources of teaching.
INNOVATIVE USE OF THE POTENTIAL OF CONTEMPORARY SENIORS
Authors: Urlińska Magdalena
Published: May 2016

Attitude to old age varies depending on the cultural context - historical, like changing the public perception of the elderly and attitude to senior age. Since the 60s of the twentieth century in sociology is functioning the concept of ageism, describing the phenomenon of discrimination against older people because of their age. It manifests itself in a dismissive ratio deficits on offer for seniors or problems in the labor market. Social stigmatization of seniors has a direct impact on their physical and mental health. Sense of control over their own lives and to have a sense of whether the purpose is of great importance at the end of professional activity. Halting the process of marginalization of the elderly multi- faceted and complex solutions, parallel, integrated actions legal, financial, educational and psychological. Exploiting the potential which lies dormant in this social group gives positive changes. It becomes an element of counteracting the social stigma of old age, disenchant way of looking at modern senior. This scope for lifelong education, which is a bailout. It creates an action for the activity, gives the opportunity to make changes, positive transgression in the senior phase.Actions and initiatives designed to help them adapt to changing social reality and the market, they combine traditional teaching methods (lecture) with active methods (including mentoring). It is used in the process a wealth of experience as seniors. When preparing an offer of educational activities worth including senior-leadership initiatives. This senior-mentoring build on the expertise provides a wide range of knowledge about man and the surrounding reality, by which it is possible to transpose this knowledge from theory into practice. Flexibility in the method is adequate to the problems and needs of seniors, can properly select and modify rules educational activities, so that they are the optimal solution. Senior-mentoring can serve the liberation of spontaneous being and becoming elderly, activating its development opportunities and a nap in her creative potential. Comprehensive measures to help people in late adulthood in the learning process, to acquire new knowledge in the field of self-development and improved skills are an opportunity to make fuller use of the life and free timeEducation towards old age, conducted in the form of mentoring, is based on an individual plan of action, which in effect allows tame old age, it helps to find the meaning of life, develop a model of relationships with significant others, develop defenses and adaptation to difficult situations or emergencies, find in new roles. Senior-mentors, they could play an advisory role, on the one hand would indicate assisting the elderly, preventing their social exclusion and pathological aging, on the other hand, monitor and assist the process of education for old age.
EDUCATION AND FUTURE WORK ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS IN POLAND AND LITHUANIA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Kumpikaite - Valiūniene Vilmante , Rollnik-Sadowska Ewa , Glińska Ewa
Published: May 2016

Increasing the employment among young people is one of the main objectives of the European Union labour market policy. On the one hand, labour market indicators of youths are worse than the ones for the population as a whole. Moreover, the EU countries face NEETs phenomena when young people are not in education, employment and training. Simultaneously, the strong aging process in Europe and demographic changes determine the need for a particular focus on young people who are an important part of future labour force. It is crucial to equip young people with the skills and competencies tailored to the needs of employers, which also would be consistent with the attitudes and expectations of young people. That is why the authors of the paper decided to take into consideration the work and education attitudes of students in two European countries - Poland and Lithuania. These neighbouring EU member states went through comparable historical and political conditions, which influenced their economic situations also in the area of labour market. However, those countries followed different educational reforms. Lithuania implemented basic dual learning and Poland still represents more theoretical orientation in tertiary education. The research aim of the paper is to identify the differences in education and future work attitudes of Polish and Lithuanian students. Those differences were diagnosed taking into account: an assessment of own skills for a 'dream' job, perceptions of the impact of environmental factors on a future career, as well as a diagnosis of motivators to work.The chosen research methods were both secondary data analysis as well as realisation of the primary quantitative research among Polish and Lithuanian students. The survey was conducted among 500 students - roughly in half from each country. The comparison showed large similarities in the factors affecting the motivation of students to work as well as some differences in the perception of the impact of the environment on the future career. The biggest differences among students from two countries were identified in the evaluation of skills needed to find employment.
SMALL BUSINESS SUPPORT POLICY IN LATVIA
Authors: Šneidere Ruta , Būmane Inga
Published: May 2016

Economic growth is the important factor for improving competitiveness and to ensure the availability of financial resources at all stages of business development. The authors explore European Union activities to promote the development of small and medium enterprises, the Latvian business environment, the regulatory framework, the accounting regulatory framework for small and medium enterprises. The research study included an assessment of the business environment in the international context for the years 2010 – 2016, national support programmes providing financial resources, their availability and tax policy guidelines for small and medium enterprises. The research study results are summarized in a number of conclusions, and recommendations have been developed. Research methodology is based on the analysis of laws and regulations, statistical data and economic and scientific literature studies.
BEGINNING OF DAUGAVPILS CHARITY SISTERS’ SCHOOL FOUNDATION (1939−1943)
Authors: Fokina Olga , Millere Inga , Deklava Liāna , Circenis Kristaps
Published: May 2016

The Latvian Red Cross organization was founded in 1918 and one of its activities was foundation and maintenance of hospitals in various towns and cities of Latvia. The need for well-prepared charity sisters emerged due to expanding range of medical activities. Consequently, this caused the need to establish sisters’ schools in Latvia. In 1921 charity sisters’ schools were established in Riga and Liepaja, in 1932 the school was established in Jelgava. Later on, in 1939 two more charity sisters’ schools in Riga started their work. However, the demand for charity sisters was growing. The lack of charity sisters was obvious in Daugavpils medical institutions, too. In 1939 the only Latgalian charity sisters’ school was opened in the city to solve that vital problem. That school in Daugavpils worked from 1939 to 1943. During that particular period of time two graduations of educated charity sisters took place. In 1943 the school stopped functioning because of the war situation. This article aims at performing analytical overview of foundation activities of Daugavpils Charity Sisters’ School.
TURNOVER OF PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES AND THE MEDIATING ROLE OF JOB SATISFACTION: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN LATVIA
Authors: Ludviga Iveta , Senņikova Irina , Kalviņa Agita
Published: May 2016

Public sector reforms in many countries have been related to cost reductions, increased workload and similar issues. Ignoring the impact of reforms on employee job satisfaction may decrease employee engagement and the quality of service delivery. This paper aims to identify the main factors that determine the level of job satisfaction of public sector employees in a developing country and to find out which factors should be addressed first in order to decrease employee turnover. The survey conducted in 2015 included 365 respondents. For data analysis, partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique is used to test the model and identify the most important factors relevant to turnover intentions. The results indicate a strong relationship between satisfaction factors and intentions to stay. Satisfaction partly mediates the association between career growth possibilities, work environment, attitude of a direct manager, pay as well as social security and intentions to stay. Growth has the strongest total effect on intentions to stay with a public sector organisation. Thus, taking into consideration the cost cuttings and economic situation, career growth and the reward system are the two factors, which should be addressed first. Moreover, pay is the most important factor for the attraction of younger generation employees to the public sector.
CORPORATE IDENTITY DESIGN IN THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors: Losāne Nataļja , Apele Diāna
Published: May 2016

The aim of the article is to work out conception of the corporate identity design of Rezekne Academy of Technologies, having investigated the corporate identity design as the organization’s business card in the context of society. The article consists of an introduction, two parts and a conclusion. The introduction describes why the topic is actual, states the aim of the article and methods of investigation. The first part summarizes and analyzes the information about a corporate identity design. The second part describes the procedure of working out of the conception of the corporate identity design of RAT.The methods of research: theoretical – investigation and analysis of relevant literature, internet sources and regulatory documents. Empirical – methods of data collecting: group discussion; methods of data processing: comparative analysis, content analysis.
DRAMA MASTERSHIP PEDAGOGUES ACTVITIES’ HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AT THE THEATRES OF LATVIA
Authors: Strads Gatis
Published: May 2016

The article gives an insight into the theatre department pedagogue activity for the training of the emerging drama actors for practice at theatre at Arts higher education school.  Monographs, scientific publication materials and archive documents have been analysed on pedagogues’ activities at the theatre faculty and the former and the existing pedagogues’ interview data about the student training for activity at theatre. The comparative analysis of the drama art study programmes from 1948 till 2015 has been accomplished. The fact has been emphasized that different directors through times base Latvian drama art on K. Stanislavsky’s notions of the drama mastery of actors due to the successive professional activity implementation at the theatre. The conclusion has been drawn that the emerging actors’ personalities are significant in the training of the emerging actors, their human development would be promoted by inclusion of pedagogy and psychology subjects in the studies by the emerging actors at the tertiary level.
Bronchiolitis – It Is Time for a Unique Definition
Authors: Midulla Fabio ,   Department of Paediatrics and Infantile Neuropsychiatry, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Rome, Italy, Nenna Raffaella ,   Department of Paediatrics and Infantile Neuropsychiatry, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Published: May 2016

Bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infections in infants. It is time to reach a unique clinical definition, encompassing the acute onset of respiratory distress with cough, tachypnoea, retraction and diffuse crackles on auscultation in infants aged less than 12 months.
Beyond the Feeble Mind: Foregrounding the Personhood of Inmates with Significant Intellectual Disabilities in the Era of Institutionalization
Authors: Allen Holly , Fuller Erin
Published: May 2016

This essay explores the experiences of persons with significant intellectual disabilities at the Vermont State School for Feebleminded Children (later Brandon Training School) in the period 1915-1960.  We discuss the limits of existing histories of intellectual disability in accounting for the distinct experiences of significantly intellectually disabled people. This essay works to correct the tendency to define the nominal intellectual disability of "morons" and "borderline" cases—both in the past and in disability historiography of the past—against the abject, embodied difference of the "low-grade idiot" or "imbecile."  The history we offer has implications for the present-day disability rights movement.
Introduction
Authors: Day Allyson , Nielsen Kim E.
Published: May 2016

No abstract available
Enfermedad de Hirschsprung y apendicitis. Una asociación rara
Authors: Baeza-Herrera C , López-Medina P , Vidal-Medina J M , Cruz-Viruel N , Velasco-Soria L
Published: May 2016

La enfermedad de Hirschsprung asociada con apendicitis es una condición poco usual; suman 15 los reportados en la literatura, ya incluido este caso. Se informa el caso de un lactante de 12 meses de edad que ingresó con fiebre, anorexia, distensión abdominal, vómito, evacuaciones hemáticas y antecedente de estreñimiento. Se realizó laparotomía exploradora que reportó apendicitis y megacolon congénito o enfermedad de Hirschsprung. El reporte histopatológico reveló periapendicitis, huevecillos de áscaris lumbricoides, con ausencia de células ganglionares.
El niño con dolor de piernas
Authors: Reyes-Cadena A
Published: May 2016

El dolor musculoesquelético representa una de las causas más frecuentes de dolor recurrente en pediatría. En general no existe un antecedente traumático evidente sino que los pacientes presentan síntomas, de manera intermitente, desde tiempo antes de solicitar la evaluación; en estos casos, los niños son llevados a consulta por otro motivo y, una vez allí, sus padres mencionan la presencia de dolor musculoesquelético. Menos frecuentemente el motivo de consulta es cojera o incapacidad funcional de aparición brusca sin antecedente traumático previo.
PROLEGOMENA TO EVERGETICS
Authors:   Institute for the Control of Complex Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, V.A. V.A. Vittikh
Published: May 2016

The article expounds prefatory remarks and explanatory essay (Prolegomena) to the Evergetics – a valueand subject-oriented science on management processes in the society. The Evergetics seeks reserves to improve management efficiency not in the modernization of an “impersonal” bureaucratic machine, but in the people, in every man, in the use of his intellectual and volitional resources. The man is considered there not as a “cog” of a value-invariant management mechanism, but as a person (actor), endowed with consciousness, who acts rationally and performs cognitive-activity-related functions together with other people to resolve any problem situations that arise in everyday life. These heterogeneous actors having their own subjective views of the world and value priorities, based on the Poincaré's conventional concept of truth, which treats the truth as a result of an agreement, produce intersubjective knowledge, on the basis of which they make a collective decision on how to settle the situation. Perception of meaning of the situation by each heterogeneous actor happens at the level of individual consciousness. However, one person cannot constitute the whole variety of meanings of the situation, so this person receives from others what lacks in his own experience. Meaning-generating activity of people has an impact on all intersubjective community and, as a result, a common meaning-bearing space appears. A holonic approach is used in the Evergetics (on a “part–whole” principle) to build systems in contrast to the traditional causal approach (on a “cause-effect” principle). The article emphasizes strategic significance of the problem to transform the “Economic Man” to the “Man of Culture”.