bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tinjauan Keberkesanan Program Keusahawanan di Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) terhadap Kebolehpasaran Graduan Menurut Perspektif Alumni UKM
Authors: Sabarudin Akmal , Lokman Nur Hannan , Jantan Nahzatush Simaa , Zainurdin Nurul Ashikin , Abd Halim Alissyazmim , Khoiry Muhamad Azry
Published: February 2022

Penglibatan pelajar untuk menceburi bidang keusahawanan di kampus sangat rendah kerana kurang keyakinan terhadap program yang dianjurkan oleh pihak universiti. Justeru itu, kajian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan maklum balas mengenai program keusahawanan di Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) menurut perspektif alumni usahawan UKM. Seramai 15 orang alumni UKM telah terlibat dalam perbincangan kumpulan terfokus untuk membincangkan perancangan, pelaksanaan dan impak program keusahawanan di kampus. Kajian mendapati bahawa program-program keusahawanan banyak memberi impak kepada alumni sehingga mereka berjaya membina karier sebagai usahawan selepas tamat pengajian. Namun begitu, masih terdapat kelemahan dan penambahbaikan yang perlu diberi perhatian terhadap program keusahawanan bagi menarik minat lebih ramai mahasiswa-mahasiswi menyertai program tersebut. Para alumni juga sudi untuk berkongsi pengalaman dalam program keusahawanan yang bakal dilangsungkan selain melakukan aktiviti perniagaan secara ‘hands-on’ dan bukan teori semata-mata. Kesimpulannya, kerjasama antara universiti dan usahawan alumni adalah penting bagi memastikan kelestarian program keusahawanan kekal relevan dengan arus generasi masakini.
Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Inklusif dalam kalangan Guru Arus Perdana
Authors: Jalaluddin Noor Syahira , Tahar Mohd Mokhtar
Published: February 2022

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif dalam kalangan guru arus perdana yang dilaksanakan di dua buah sekolah rendah yang melaksanakan pendidikan inklusif di Melaka Tengah. Kaedah kualitatif berbentuk kajian kes menggunakan Teori Pelaziman Operan Thorndike dan Model Le Francois. Kajian ini melibatkan sampel seramai lima orang guru arus perdana yang melaksanakan pendidikan inklusif. Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan dilakukan melalui kaedah triangulasi iaitu menggunakan lebih daripada satu kaedah untuk mengumpul data. Data dikumpulkan melalui temu bual dan pemerhatian. Semua dapatan data akan dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi Nvivo untuk mendapatkan maklumat tentang bagaimana pedagogi inklusif dilaksanakan oleh guru-guru yang dipilih dalam kajian ini. Hasil kajian ini mendapati pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif adalah di tahap sederhana di mana guru-guru arus perdana yang melaksanakan pendidikan inklusif dapat dikategorikan sebagai guru yang mempunyai pengetahuan mengenai pendidikan inklusif dan mereka juga melaksanakan pedagogi inklusif di dalam kelas. Walau bagaimanapun, masih juga terdapat di antara peserta kajian yang dapat dilihat masih kurang pengetahuan mengenai perancangan proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran Program Pendidikan Inklusif. Kesimpulannya, semua pihak haruslah memainkan peranan serta menitik beratkan pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif di sekolah supaya dapat menjayakan usaha kerajaan bagi memantapkan pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif di negara kita.
Damages Caused by Natural Disasters and the Number of Natural Calamities’ Effect on Philippine Government’s Spending on Disaster Management
Authors: Cunanan Tricia Ann Rhemae Alcaraz , Lagasca Ediana Frances Leyva , Noriega Christine Janelle Joya , Cabauatan Ronaldo
Published: February 2022

This study examines the relationship between the damages caused by natural disasters and the Philippine government's spending on disaster management and healthcare, especially that despite the country's exposure to natural disasters, the Philippine government significantly decreased its disaster funds for the 2020 national budget. Several studies have concluded that most of the local government units in the Philippines were evaluated as only 'partially prepared' when it comes to disaster preparedness. As part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, an average of 7.5 typhoons and increased exposure to earthquakes are experienced in the Philippines annually, which should make public spending on disaster management and healthcare a national priority. Results show that disaster management expenditure and economic losses are positively related, while no relationship exists between disaster management expenditure, and deaths and exposure. Meanwhile, healthcare spending and deaths are negatively related, healthcare spending and economic damages are positively related, and healthcare spending and exposure have no relationship.
Keciciran Murid Sekolah di Malaysia: Suatu Pemerhatian Awal
Authors: Zakari Norfarahzatul Asikin , Abd. Majid Mohamad Zuber , Hussin Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Hasrat kerajaan untuk merapatkan jurang pendidikan dalam kalangan rakyat Malaysia adalah melalui Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia dengan menyediakan pendidikan kepada semua warganegara tanpa mengira latar belakang. Namun begitu, masalah dalam pendidikan khususnya keciciran pelajar kerap berlaku dan semakin membimbangkan di semua peringkat pengajian. Sehubungan dengan itu, kertas konsep ini bertujuan memperincikan beberapa faktor yang telah dikenal pasti sebagai penyumbang berlakunya keciciran dalam pendidikan. Faktor disebabkan oleh sosioekonomi keluarga, personaliti pelajar dan faktor luaran seperti budaya dan persekitaran, pengaruh rakan sebaya serta cara pengajaran guru telah dikenal pasti sebagai antara punca keciciran pelajar. Oleh itu, langkah- langkah mengatasi berlakunya keciciran turut diperincikan berdasarkan kajian lepas. Justeru, pelbagai langkah telah diambil oleh semua pihak terutamanya guru, sekolah, kementerian mahupun kerajaan dalam membendung penularan masalah ini. Antaranya adalah tingkatkan kesedaran ibu bapa, motivasi dan minat pelajar serta mempelbagaikan gaya pengajaran untuk menarik minat pelajar supaya tidak tercicir.
Pengkategorian Identiti dalam Iklan Peribadi: Kajian Representasi Gender Berasaskan Korpus
Authors: A. Bakar Kesumawati
Published: February 2022

Iklan peribadi menyediakan data yang ideal bagi mengkaji konstruksi identiti dan gender. Ciri-ciri identiti yang dipilih dan ditonjolkan dalam iklan peribadi memberi gambaran idealis personaliti dan tingkah laku individu yang mencari pasangan dalam pelbagai jenis masyarakat dan budaya yang berlainan. Kajian ini meneliti gabungan pengkategorian identiti dengan ekspresi penilaian ATTITUDE dalam penghasilan identiti gender maskulin dan feminin dalam iklan peribadi pengiklan lelaki dan wanita di Malaysia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis wacana dan teknik korpus linguistik, kajian ini memperlihatkan konstrual identiti gender sebagai satu interaksi kompleks pengkategorian identiti dan himpunan sumber penilaian ATTITUDE dalam teks. Pola lazim identiti gender yang tipikal dan tidak tipikal terhasil dengan membandingkan kategori struktur dan semantik deskripsi pengiklan. Penyataan-I dan kumpulan nominal membentuk titik permulaan analisis dan pola linguistik diklasifikasikan secara semantik mengikut kategori ATTITUDE dari kerangka teori Appraisal dan kerangka Pengkategorian Pelaku Sosial. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa orientasi pengiklan terarah kepada permintaan bakal pasangan dalam konteks pemilihan pasangan hidup. Pengiklan didapati menghasilkan konstruksi identiti yang selari dengan apa yang dicari oleh lelaki dan wanita secara umum, sebagai contoh ‘wanita penyayang’ dan ‘lelaki berjaya dan stabil kewangan’. Di samping itu, dapatan kajian juga menemukan representasi identiti Malaysia sebagai ‘a simple person’ atau ‘seorang yang sederhana’ yang melangkaui batasan gender. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada bidang gender dan linguistik dengan mengenal pasti kategori dan interaksi fitur linguistik femininiti dan maskuliniti melalui analisis berasaskan korpus iklan peribadi.
Pembinaan dan Pengesahan Soal Selidik Proses Pelaksanaan STEM dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Guru
Authors: Amatan Mohammad Azri , Gregory K Han Crispina , Pang Vincent
Published: February 2022

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk membangunkan dan mengesahkan Soal Selidik Proses Pelaksanaan STEM dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Guru, bagi menilai proses pelaksanaan STEM dari perspektif guru sebagai pelaksana di Sekolah Menengah. Berdasarkan penerokaan literatur, konstruk dan item yang dikenal pasti menyumbang kepada proses pelaksanaan STEM dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran guru berjaya dibangunkan. Soal Selidik Proses Pelaksanaan STEM telah melalui kesahan muka dan kesahan kandungan instrumen melibatkan 13 orang pakar. Manakala, kesahan konstruk dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen telah disemak menggunakan perisian Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) Versi 25.0. Seramai 825 orang guru sekolah menengah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Muatan faktor bagi setiap item berada pada julat 0.522 hingga 0.888, manakala keputusan analisis kebolehpercayaan adalah a=0.957. Keputusan kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan yang dijalankan mengesahkan soal selidik ini sesuai digunakan dalam kajian sebenar.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Stem of Ruta graveolens L: Antibacterial, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Varadarajan Remya , Hirani Bhakti , Prashant Chandravilas Kesavan , Patil Krutika Devidas , Jana Rakhi Amarchandra , Chavan Shamal Hrushikesh
Published: February 2022

The green chemistry approach using plants involves phytoconstituent mediated reduction process for synthesis of nanoparticles.
Biogenic Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using aqueous stem extract of Ruta graveolens. The adopted biological
method is compatible with green chemistry principles because the plant extract acts as a dual functional molecule: as reductant and
a stabilizing agent for the synthesis of AgNPs. The UV–visible spectra confirmed that reduction of silver ions for Ruta stem extract at
485 nm on 24-hour incubation. FT-IR spectroscopic spectrum showed the peaks at 3507, 2829, 1579, 1010, 755 which are
characteristic of flavonoids and terpenoids present in the stem. The zeta potential of Ruta AgNPs was found to be -35.4 mV which
indicate that the nanoparticles are quite stable due to charge accumulation on its surface. The TEM micrograph reveals that the
particles were of spherical shape & monodispersed, the average size of the particles is around 15 nm. Ruta AgNPs showed cytotoxicity
against cancer cells and the results indicated that with the increase in Ruta AgNPs concentration there was a significant (p < 0.05)
decrease in cell viability of HepG2 as compared to control. The antioxidant activity of Ruta AgNP was confirmed by ABTS radical
scavenging activity. Ruta AgNPs may provide novel resources for the evaluation and development of newer, safer, and effective
antimicrobial and antiproliferative drug formulations.
Validation of Developed Analytical Methods for the Determination of Remoglifozin and Ertuglifozin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms - An Updated Review
Authors: Dr. R. Srinivasan , C.A. Shaik Fayaaz Ahamed
Published: February 2022

SGLT is the newly developed class of antidiabetic medicine also called as gliflozins. Remoglifozin and Ertuflifozin are the SGLT-2 class
inhibitors for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. The aim of this review is to focus on update of determination of Remogliflozin
and Ertuglifozin in bulk and in pharmaceutical dosage forms using chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods. Remogliflozin
and Ertuglifozin is estimated by RP-HPLC, UV, RP-UPLC, LC-MS methods. There are plenty of articles which have already been
published describing analytical methods and method validation for the same. In present review account, the disclosed analytical
methods are outlined for the establishment of Remoglifozin and Ertuflifozin in its pharmaceutical preparations and biological
matrices. Most frequently used techniques such as spectrometric and liquid chromatographic methods are summarized in present
review. Spectrometric methods for Remoglifozin and Ertuflifozin alone and in combination include parameters like ? max, solvent,
matrix etc. and HPLC methods for Remoglifozin and Ertuflifozin alone and in combination including parameters like matrix, stationary
phase, mobile phase composition detection wavelength etc. HPTLC methods including parameters like stationary phase, mobile phase
combination, RF etc. This review also provides detailed information on separation conditions for Remogliflozin and Ertuglifozin alone,
in the presence combination with other drugs and in presence of its degradation products.
Apoptosis Activity of Ruellia tuberosa Leaf Extract on HUH-7, SW480 & HEK293T Cells
Authors: Das Piyali , Sharma Vishal , Deb Nilanjana , Besra Shila Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

The plant Ruellia tuberosa is a traditional medicine as a broad-spectrum medicine. Ruellia tuberosa leaf extract (RTLE) showed potential
anti-cancer activity in our previous study on HepG2 cells. RTLE significantly inhibited the cell viability in a time and concentration
dependent manner on the Huh-7 and SW480 cell lines and being a normal human cell line there was insignificant inhibition in Hek293T
cell line. Cell images clearly showed nuclear disintegration, several signs of apoptosis like chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation
and formation of apoptotic bodies whereas the untreated control cells were with intact nuclei when treated with RTLE on (Huh-7)
hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed the presence of apoptotic cells in the early and late apoptotic stages
of Huh-7 and SW480 cells but not in Hek293T. Cell cycle phase arrest was observed in the G0/G1 phase in Huh-7 and SW480 cells but not
in Hek293T cells. MMP shift assay exhibited significant change in the RTLE treated Huh-7 and SW480cells but no such shift was observed
in Hek293T cells. These findings suggest that RTLE mediates cytotoxicity in hepatocellular and colon carcinoma cells via apoptosis without
exerting any such toxic effect on normal human embryonic kidney cells. Further mechanistic studies are going on to determine the
different pathways contributing to apoptosis.
Detection of Email Spam using Natural Language Processing Based Random Forest Approach
Authors: Nivedha M.A. , Raja S.
Published: February 2022

An unsolicited means of digital communications in the internet world is the spam email, which could be sent to an individual or a group of individuals or a company. These spam emails may cause serious threat to the user i.e., the email addresses used for any online registrations may be collected by the malignant third parties (spammers) and they expose the genuine user to various kinds of attacks. Another method of spamming is by creating a temporary email register and receive emails that can be terminated after some certain amount of time. This method is well suited for misusing those temporary email addresses for sending free spam emails without revealing the spammers real account details. These attacks create major problems like theft of user credentials, lack of storage, etc. Hence it is essential to introduce an efficient detection mechanism through feature extraction and classification for detecting spam emails and temporary email addresses. This can be accomplished through a novel Natural Language Processing based Random Forest (NLP-RF) approach. With the help of our proposed approach, the spam emails are reduced and this method improves the accuracy of spam email filtering, since the use of NLP makes the system to detect the natural languages spoken by people and the Random Forest approach uses multiple decision trees and uses a random node for filtering the spams.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS BRASILEIRAS EM FAVOR DA EDUCAÇÃO INTEGRAL: AVANÇOS E DESAFIOS
Authors: Schäfer Samantha
Published: February 2022

Este artigo debate as modificações do tempo de escola no Brasil, a partir da Constituição de 1988, a confirmação, pela sociedade, da necessidade de se construir uma nova identidade para a escola pública através do surgimento de políticas públicas relacionadas a Educação em Tempo Integral, com ênfase especial no programa Mais Educação e seus desdobramentos. Primeiramente há uma discussão sobre o contexto do país em que a proposta da Educação em Tempo Integral surge, além da diferenciação entre Escola Integral e Escola em Tempo integral. Em seguida é debatido o tempo da escola e de que maneira justifica-se a ampliação desse tempo diário escolar e sua relação com a qualidade do trabalho educativo.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA: TODOS SÃO IGUAIS PERANTE A LEI
Authors: Batista Débora
Published: February 2022

Compreendemos que uma educação inclusiva de qualidade se faz, dentre outros fatores, valorizando a diversidade e singularidades. Neste artigo, procurarei refletir sobre o cenário educacional, a partir do papel da educação ao longo da história da humanidade e das políticas públicas de inclusão e reformas educacionais. Além de apresentar algumas leis e decretos, contextualizar historicamente. Discutir sobre as práticas pedagógicas atuais, buscando possibilitar a ampliação do debate em torno da inclusão no ambiente escolar.
CURRÍCULO, CONHECIMENTO E SABERES ESCOLARES
Authors: Bosquerolli Antunes Maria Tanise Raphaelli , Rodrigues Brizola Murilo Henrique
Published: February 2022

A sociedade é dinâmica e constantemente se transforma e a escola precisa acompanhá-la para melhor atender as necessidades dos indivíduos. Para tanto, é essencial que se aproprie de didáticas e metodologias adequadas para a formação de cidadãos críticos, participativos e agentes de mudança social. Através de revisão bibliográfica, abordamos diferentes aspectos do currículo, sua relação com o conhecimento e construção de saberes, relacionando-o com os fins e objetivos da educação brasileira e apontando a pedagogia de projetos como prática inovadora que propicia o protagonismo e autonomia dos educandos.
PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS EM ESPAÇOS E SUJEITOS SEGREGADOS E SEGREGADORES
Authors: Fontana dos Santos Angela Rosani , Machado Menta Baggio Elisa , Da Silva Santos Lilian Carla , Dos Santos Scandolara Neide Alves
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é o de analisar as práticas educativas e diversidades culturais em espaços e sujeitos segregados e segregadores, enfocando exclusão, inclusão e segregação em todas as suas formas. Esta investigação se deu através da coleta de informações com entrevistas estruturadas, onde o entrevistado teve a liberdade de opinião sobre as questões propostas, bem como através de estudos e análises de documentos que ampliem as informações propiciando subsídios para a fundamentação da pesquisa, onde seus resultados foram analisados. As entrevistas foram aplicadas com 76 detentos, alunos do Centro Estadual de Educação Básica para Jovens e Adultos – CEEBJA Novos Horizontes – Ensino Fundamental e Médio. Levando em conta as contribuições dessa pesquisa para repensar e fundamentar a visão sobre as práticas educativas no meio prisional, pode-se dizer que o melhor ganho está na compreensão de novas concepções sobre o assunto, possibilitando a reflexão e apreensão das teorias educacionais que se referem às atuações dos educadores e suas práticas em ambientes prisionais.
DESAFIOS DA INTERCULTURALIDADE E DIREITOS HUMANOS: TENSÕES ENTRE IGUALDADE E DIFERENÇA
Authors: Ruiz Garcia Lucila , Resende Castro Augusto
Published: February 2022

Este artigo propõe uma revisão bibliográfica acerca de alguns dos desafios inerentes à educação, principalmente no contexto da multiplicidade cultural encontrada em salas de aula. Além do fato em si, a própria definição conceitual de temas como o convívio entre a igualdade e a diferença, bem como a forma como ele se dá, dificultam o entendimento sobre a melhor maneira de lidar e desenvolver políticas que, mesmo inseridas no ambiente globalizado, promovam ações que visam incluir os atores envolvidos. A máxima de que todos são iguais acaba desbancada por um conceito de que as diferenças existem, são bem-vindas, mas precisam receber a atenção necessária no âmbito educacional. Construir a ideia de que todos são “iguais” apesar das diferenças, vai muito além da questão meramente racial ou econômica. Os indivíduos precisam se sentir parte do todo. Assim, a quase utópica igualdade assume um protagonismo diferente daquilo que até então vinha sendo difundido, sendo necessário um processo de busca da ressignificação do seu conceito básico. A igualdade passa a trilhar um caminho muito mais da garantia de pertença, não sendo necessários quaisquer pré-requisitos e sempre pautado pelos direitos humanos, do que simplesmente uma luta isolada pelo reconhecimento de um grupo específico em detrimento dos outros.
CULTURA SORDA E INCLUSIÓN
Authors: Garcia Camila Aparecida
Published: February 2022

El trabajo describe la sordez, la identidad y el alcance de la literatura sobre identidad sorda y los diferentes tipos encontrados en busca de la ciudadanía. Su objetivo es identificar en la literatura los aspectos de la existencia y construcción de la identidad sorda a partir de los diferentes conceptos reportados. Comoprincipales referencias Skliar (1999, 2010), Perlin (2010) que proponen la sistematización de las identidades  sordas, y Costa (2010), que reúne las posiciones de los sujetos sordos en un determinado contexto histórico, alcanzando las influencias sociales de la escuela y lenguaje para la formación de la identidad sorda, que noes algo cerrado, sino que está en construcción y en movimiento. Para la inclusión, el respeto por la sordez y la identidad sorda es una forma de ciudadanía.
PESQUISA BIBLIOGRÁFICA DE ARTIGOS CIENTÍFICOS NACIONAIS SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO DOS SURDOS
Authors: Rodrigues Ferreira Daniele , Canavesi Rimbaud Marie Lissette
Published: February 2022

Este estudo adotou como temática a educação de surdos. Seu objetivo foi proporcionar um aprendizado aprofundado sobre a educação de surdos, seus desafios no Brasil e no mundo, assim como identificar e selecionar métodos e técnicas normalmente utilizados pelos pesquisadores que estudam educação desurdos. Por meio do método de pesquisa bibliográfica, foram selecionados os dez artigos científicos nacionais considerados mais relevantes pela plataforma de pesquisa conhecida como Periódicos Capes. Como resultado, é possível destacar dois pontos chaves na literatura sobre educação de surdos: (i) forte crítica àabordagem oralista, e (ii) grande destaque para a escola bilíngue, com ênfase na formação de professores e na infraestrutura das escolares.
A MOTIVAÇÃO NO PROCESSO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS APRENDIZAGENS
Authors: Fonseca Teixeira Francisco , Manys Heliton , Costa dos Costa Juan Carlos
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é entender a importância da motivação e sua relação com os processos de ensinoe de aprendizagem. Assim sendo, parte-se da ideia que o trabalho do professor envolve muitos desafios e,

para superá-los, é preciso que professor e alunos estejam motivados, tarefa nada fácil. Este estudo baseou-se em pesquisas de autores que trazem contribuições significativas sobre este tema, como Baptista (2018),

Costa e Souza (2019), Coutinho (2017), entre outros. Para entender a visão dos professores sobre essa temá-tica, realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo envolvendo 4 docentes, os quais responderam algumas questões

sobre este assunto. Com o estudo observou-se que os professores sabem a importância da motivação para

garantir uma aprendizagem significativa, mas evidencia-se também que estar motivado e motivar os alu-nos é um grande desafio do trabalho docente.
Mobilização social e projetos de desenvolvimento: reflexões a partir de Altamira e região
Authors: Lacerda Paula
Published: February 2022

Esse artigo parte da perspectiva de que projetos de “desenvolvimento” produzem efeitos de diferentes tipos, nem sempre de fácil mensuração, na vida social de uma região. O artigo pretendeu contribuir para a discussão de um conjunto desses efeitos: as transformações na mobilização social de Altamira e região, onde foi implantada a Usina Hidroelétrica de Belo Monte. O fortalecimento de coletivos e movimentos universitários, as ações políticas em resposta ao crescimento da violência urbana, a estruturação do Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens e a visibilização de grupos de direita na região são as principais transformações identificadas e analisadas. Conclui-se que o processo de construção da hidrelétrica esteve marcado por táticas de governo que visaram dividir e desestruturar reivindicações coletivas, favorecendo acordos individuais para problemas sociais e coletivos. Nesse cenário, o cenário da mobilização social na região configura-se mais diverso e, também, mais polarizado.
Phytochemical and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity in Nypa fruticans Wurmb. Fruit Extracts
Authors: Moonrungsee Nuntaporn , Jakmunee Jaroon , Peamaroon Nipat , Boonmee Apaporn , Kasemsuk Teerapich , Seeda Sureerat , Suwancharoen Sunisa
Published: February 2022

Thai wisdom knows the benefits of mangrove palm fruits to be boiled in water and drink as herbal medicines for healing gout. However, there is no scientific paper to confirm the relief of gout symptoms by mangrove palm, this is the first report. The mangrove palm: exocarp/mesocarp, endocarp, endosperm, and the whole of fruit in the ripe stage were extracted with water and ethanol. The crude extracts were studied for the phytochemical and inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase, one of the causes of gout. Most of the crude extracts showed similar phytochemicals as, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids, but there was no alkaloid, anthraquinone, and iridoid glycoside. The endocarp extracted with ethanol showed the highest phenolic content (102.85±5.73 mg GAE/g), flavonoid content (531.02±10.46 mg QUE/g), and strongest antioxidant activity (26.79±0.57 mg VCE/g). The ethanolic and water extract (heating at 60 °C) of endocarp showed the strongly inhibited xanthine oxidase activity with IC50 of 0.029±0.001 mg/mL and 0.14±0.04 mg/mL, respectively. Therefore, this research has already confirmed that the fruit of mangrove palm could inhibit xanthine oxidase enzyme. It would be useful for further development as an herbal medicine or supplementary food for gout likely in the form of hot brewed teas or products that are safe for consumers. Moreover, it also adds value to the peel of the leftovers from consumption.

HIGHLIGHTS

This is the first report to use Nypa fruticans fruit for healing gout

The ethanolic and water extract of endocarp gave the strongly inhibition of xanthine oxidase enzyme

The endocarp of Nypa fruticans fruit can be developed for supplementary food or treatment for gout

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Motivation: A Psychological Perspective
Authors: Dr. Dharmvir M. Gurjar
Published: February 2022

Motivation is the word derived from the word “Motive”, which potential needs, desires or wants inside the individuals. Motivation is an inner feeling. It is the technique of stimulating humans to moves to accomplish the goals. The technique of motivation consists of three stages: A felt wants or drive. A stimulus in which desires have to be aroused, When wants are satisfied, the pride or accomplishment of goals. Therefore, we can say that motivation is a psychological phenomenon which means wishes and needs of the people have to be tackled through framing high-quality recommendations it will grant personnel for better performance. Every superior in the organization need to motivate his subordinates for the proper kinds of behaviour.
O ensino de ciências e a peça teatral “heróis da ciência”: olhares dos estudantes com necessidades educacionais especiais
Authors: Santos Anderson Gomes dos , Silva Samara Cavalcanti  da
Published: February 2022

RESUMO - O ensino de Ciências da Natureza na educação básica é fundamental no contexto da compreensão do mundo e dos fenômenos naturais. Nesse sentido, o ensino das Ciências busca proporcionar a efetiva formação crítica dos cidadãos, possibilitando a construção de evidências, elaboração de argumentos, na contra-argumentação, elaboração de teorias alternativas, e para a refutação. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa buscou investigar: como a peça teatral “HERÓIS DA CIÊNCIA”, contribui ou limita a compreensão de conteúdos de Ciências da Natureza (Química), por estudantes com Necessidades Educacionais Especiais (NEE). O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar as contribuições e limites da peça teatral “HERÓIS DA CIÊNCIA”, na compreensão de conteúdos de Ciências da Natureza (Química), por estudantes com NEE. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi qualitativa, com aplicação de questionários antes e após a peça de teatro científico, realizada no mês de outubro de 2019, em uma escola pública estadual, localizada em Palmeira dos Índios – AL. Diante dos resultados apresentados, foi visto que os estudantes reconhecem a necessidade de atividades diversificadas para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Ciências, e, especificamente da tabela periódica, além de possibilitar, por meio da peça a ampliação das aprendizagens dos mesmos sobre a química
Screening Tools: They’re So Quick! What’s the Issue?
Authors: Boone Anna E. , Henderson Whitney L. , Dunn Winnie
Published: February 2022

Screening tools are needed in occupational therapy practice to determine which clients require formal evaluation. Because screening tools also tell us who does not require formal evaluation, they are key to improved clinical efficiency. Screening tools are brief, easy to administer, and often freely available. These qualities also lead to misuse of screening tools, including using them to measure progress over time or to serve as a confirmatory assessment on which to base treatment planning. We present additional common missteps of screening tool use, including a lack of consideration for a tool’s psychometric properties, and exemplars of these common misuses in adult and pediatric practice. Finally, we offer solutions to address these concerns.
Retrospective analysis of IgG4-related disease cases at a tertiary
care centre in India
Authors: Bhatt Manasvini , Kumar Sanchit , Soneja Manish , Vyas Surabhi , Tripathi Madhavi , Kumar Rajeev , Singh Prabhjot , Sharma Mehar C. , Wig Naveet
Published: February 2022

Introduction

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with prominent fibrosis. This retrospective analysis was undertaken to study the clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of patients with extra-pancreatic IgG4-RD and their response to treatment at a tertiary care centre located in northern India.

Material and methods

Patient data from our centre between January 2017 and January 2021 were reviewed. Probable/definite IgG4-RD cases were included in the analysis.

Results

A total of 14 cases were identified with a median age of 39 years (range 19–56 years). There were 10 males and 4 females. All patients presented with slowly progressive soft tissue swellings with pain/discomfort related to local mass effect. The median delay in diagnosis was 9.5 months (range 2–72 months). Cross-sectional imaging showed soft tissue masses in all cases. All contrast-enhanced studies (n = 7) showed enhancement on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scan. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose-avidity was observed in 8 of 9 (88.9%) cases. Biopsies performed in 12 of these were classified as definite in 8 and possible IgG4-RD in 4 cases. Patients were treated with a median dose of 1 mg/kg/day (range 0.5–1 mg/kg/day) prednisolone. Steroids were successfully tapered in all 12 cases with 41.6% (5 of 12) being off corticosteroids at a median follow-up of 10 months (range 0–18 months). Two patients were lost to follow-up.

Conclusions

IgG4-related disease is a chronic illness with a wide spectrum of manifestations, in which the diagnosis is often delayed, but it shows an excellent response to treatment. Efforts must be made to increase awareness among physicians about this disease to institute appropriate treatment as early as possible.
PKR Exchange Rate Forecasting Through Univariate and Multivariate Time Series Techniques
Authors: Rasheed Abdul , Ullah Muhammad Asad , Uddin Imam
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine and compare the accuracy of time series and econometric forecasting models in the context of the exchange rate as we know that fluctuation in the exchange rate may affect the economic activities at the macro – level. For this purpose, the author has chosen the Pakistani Rupee exchange rate against United States Dollars with the annual data from 1980 to 2018. The results revealed that the exponential model provides the most effective accuracy in forecasting rather than the Naive, ARIMA and ARDL Co-integration model. This paper has also covered the gap of unavailability of literature regarding the application of ARDL and Exponential Smoothing model for the forecasting of the exchange rate in Pakistan. It is also anticipated that historical data do not play a vital role in the forecasting of the future trend of time series i.e. Pakistani Rupees against US Dollars. However, all three-time series anticipated that the recent observations play a significant role in the speculation of the upcoming future trend.

Keywords: Forecasting, Exchange Rate, Naïve Model, ARDL Co-Integration model, Econometrics
High-resolution mapping of regional traffic emissions using land-use machine learning models
Authors: Wu Xiaomeng , Yang Daoyuan , Wu Ruoxi , Gu Jiajun , Wen Yifan , Zhang Shaojun , Wu Rui , Wang Renjie , Xu Honglei , Zhang K. Max , Wu Ye , Hao Jiming
Published: February 2022

Abstract. On-road vehicle emissions are a major contributor to
significant atmospheric pollution in populous metropolitan areas. We
developed an hourly link-level emissions inventory of vehicular
pollutants using two land-use machine learning methods based on road traffic monitoring datasets in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region. The
results indicate that a land-use random forest (LURF) model is more capable
of predicting traffic profiles than other machine learning models on most
occasions in this study. The inventories under three different traffic
scenarios depict a significant temporal and spatial variability in vehicle
emissions. NOx, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and black carbon
(BC) emissions from heavy-duty trucks (HDTs) generally have a higher emission
intensity on the highways connecting to regional ports. The model found a
general reduction in light-duty passenger vehicles when traffic restrictions
were implemented but a much more spatially heterogeneous impact on HDTs,
with some road links experiencing up to 40 % increases in the HDT traffic
volume. This study demonstrates the power of machine learning approaches to
generate data-driven and high-resolution emission inventories, thereby
providing a platform to realize the near-real-time process of establishing
high-resolution vehicle emission inventories for policy makers to engage in
sophisticated traffic management.
Coincident in situ and triple-frequency radar airborne observations in the Arctic
Authors: Nguyen Cuong M. , Wolde Mengistu , Battaglia Alessandro , Nichman Leonid , Bliankinshtein Natalia , Haimov Samuel , Bala Kenny , Schuettemeyer Dirk
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The dataset collected during the Radar Snow Experiment
(RadSnowExp) presents the first-ever airborne triple-frequency radar
observations combined with almost perfectly co-located and coincident
airborne microphysical measurements from a single platform, the National
Research Council Canada (NRC) Convair-580 aircraft. The potential of this
dataset is illustrated using data collected from one flight during an Arctic
storm, which covers a wide range of snow habits from pristine ice crystals and
low-density aggregates to heavily rimed particles with maximum size
exceeding 10 mm. Three different flight segments with well-matched in situ
and radar measurements were analyzed, giving a total of 49 min of
triple-frequency observations. The in situ particle imagery data for this
study include high-resolution imagery from the Cloud Particle Imager (CPI)
probe, which allows accurate identification of particle types, including
rimed crystals and large aggregates, within the dual-frequency ratio (DFR)
plane. The airborne triple-frequency radar data are grouped based on the
dominant particle compositions and microphysical processes (level of
aggregation and riming). The results from this study are consistent with the
main findings of previous modeling studies, with specific regions of the
DFR plane associated with unique scattering properties of different ice
habits, especially in clouds where the radar signal is dominated by large
aggregates. Moreover, the analysis shows close relationships between the
triple-frequency signatures and cloud microphysical properties (particle
characteristic size, bulk density, and level of riming).
Reconstruction of global surface ocean pCO2 using region-specific predictors based on a stepwise FFNN regression algorithm
Authors: Zhong Guorong , Li Xuegang , Song Jinming , Qu Baoxiao , Wang Fan , Wang Yanjun , Zhang Bin , Sun Xiaoxia , Zhang Wuchang , Wang Zhenyan , Ma Jun , Yuan Huamao , Duan Liqin
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Various machine learning methods were attempted in the global mapping of surface ocean partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2)
to reduce the uncertainty of the global ocean CO2 sink estimate due to undersampling of pCO2. In previous research, the
predictors of pCO2 were usually selected empirically based on theoretic drivers of surface ocean pCO2, and the
same combination of predictors was applied in all areas except where there was a lack of coverage. However, the differences between the drivers of surface ocean
pCO2 in different regions were not considered. In this work, we combined the stepwise regression algorithm and a feed-forward
neural network (FFNN) to select predictors of pCO2 based on the mean absolute error in each of the 11 biogeochemical provinces
defined by the self-organizing map (SOM) method. Based on the predictors selected, a monthly global 1∘ × 1∘ surface ocean
pCO2 product from January 1992 to August 2019 was constructed. Validation of different combinations of predictors based on the
Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) dataset version 2020 and independent observations from time series stations was carried out. The prediction of pCO2 based
on region-specific predictors selected by the stepwise FFNN algorithm was more precise than that based on predictors from previous
research. Applying the FFNN size-improving algorithm in each province decreased the mean absolute error (MAE) of the global estimate to
11.32 µatm and the root mean square error (RMSE) to 17.99 µatm. The script file of the stepwise FFNN algorithm and
pCO2 product are distributed through the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Marine Science Data Center
(IOCAS, https://doi.org/10.12157/iocas.2021.0022, Zhong, 2021.
LegacyClimate 1.0: A dataset of pollen-based climate reconstructions from 2594 Northern Hemisphere sites covering the late Quaternary
Authors: Herzschuh Ulrike , Böhmer Thomas , Li Chenzhi , Chevalier Manuel , Dallmeyer Anne , Cao Xianyong , Bigelow Nancy H. , Nazarova Larisa , Novenko Elena Y. , Park Jungjae , Peyron Odile , Rudaya Natalia A. , Schlütz Frank , Shumilovskikh Lyudmila S. , Tarasov Pavel E. , Wang Yongbo , Wen Ruilin , Xu Qinghai , Zheng Zhuo
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Here we describe the LegacyClimate 1.0, a dataset of the reconstruction of mean July temperature (TJuly), mean annual temperature (Tann), and annual precipitation (Pann) from 2594 fossil pollen records from the Northern Hemisphere spanning the entire Holocene with some records reaching back to the Last Glacial. Two reconstruction methods, the Modern Analogue Technique (MAT) and Weighted-Averaging Partial-Least Squares regression (WA-PLS) reveal similar results regarding spatial and temporal patterns. To reduce the impact of precipitation on temperature reconstruction and vice versa, we also provide reconstructions using tailored modern pollen data limiting the range of the corresponding other climate variables. We assess the reliability of the reconstructions using information from the spatial distributions of the root-mean squared error of prediction and reconstruction significance tests. The dataset is beneficial for climate proxy synthesis studies and to evaluate the output of climate models and thus help to improve the models themselves. We provide our compilation of reconstructed TJuly, Tann, and Pann as open-access datasets at PANGAEA (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.930512; Herzschuh et al., 2021). R code for the reconstructions is provided at Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5910989; Herzschuh et al., 2022), including harmonized open-access modern and fossil datasets used for the reconstructions, so that customized reconstructions can be easily established.
Soil Cycles of Elements simulator for Predicting TERrestrial regulation of greenhouse gases: SCEPTER v0.9
Authors: Kanzaki Yoshiki , Zhang Shuang , Planavsky Noah J. , Reinhard Christopher T.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Regulation of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) is an urgent issue—continuously increasing atmospheric CO2 from burning fossil fuels is leading to significant warming and acidification of the surface ocean. Timely and effective measures to curb CO2 increases are thus needed in order to mitigate the potential degradation of natural ecosystems, food security, and livelihood caused by anthropogenic release of CO2. Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) on croplands and hinterlands may be one of the most economically and ecologically effective ways to sequester CO2 from the atmosphere, given that these soil environments generally favor mineral dissolution and because amending soils with crushed rock can result in a number of co-benefits on plant growth and crop yield. However, quantitative evaluation of CO2 capture by ERW in terrestrial soil systems to date has been conducted with tools that are mechanistically very simplified and/or allow limited flexibility. With the goal of working towards a more mechanistically grounded understanding of the geoengineering potential of terrestrial ERW, we developed new 1D reactive transport model — SCEPTER. The model is designed to: (1) mechanistically simulate natural weathering, including dissolution/precipitation of minerals along with uplift/erosion of solid phases, advection plus diffusion of aqueous phases and diffusion of gas phases; (2) allow targeted addition of solid phases at the soil-atmosphere interface, including multiple forms of organic matter (OM) and crushed mineral/rock feedstocks; (3) implement a range of soil mixing regimes as catalyzed by soil surface fauna (e.g., bioturbation) or humans (e.g., various forms of tilling); and (4) enable calculation of solid mineral surface area based on controlled initial particle size distributions coupled to a shrinking core framework. Here we describe the model structure and intrinsic thermodynamic/kinetic data, provide a series of idealized simulations to demonstrate the basic behavior of the code, and evaluate the computational and mechanistic performance of the model against observational data. We also provide selected example applications to highlight model features particularly useful for future prediction of CO2 sequestration by ERW in soil systems.
Compound flood impact forecasting: integrating fluvial and flash flood impact assessments into a unified system
Authors: Láng-Ritter Josias , Berenguer Marc , Dottori Francesco , Kalas Milan , Sempere-Torres Daniel
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Floods can arise from a variety of physical processes. Although numerous risk assessment approaches stress the importance of taking into account the possible combinations of flood types (i.e. compound floods), this awareness has so far not been reflected in the development of early warning systems: existing methods for forecasting flood hazards or the corresponding socio-economic impacts are generally designed for only one type of flooding. During compound flood events, these flood type-specific approaches are unable to identify overall hazards or impacts. Moreover, from the perspective of end-users (e.g. civil protection authorities), the monitoring of separate flood forecasts – with potentially contradictory outputs – can be confusing and time-consuming, and ultimately impede an effective emergency response. To enhance decision support, this paper proposes the integration of different flood type-specific approaches into one compound flood impact forecast. This possibility has been explored through the development of a unified system combining the simulations of two impact forecasting methods: the Rapid Risk Assessment of the European Flood Awareness System (EFAS RRA; representing fluvial floods) and the radar-based ReAFFIRM method (representing flash floods). The unified system has been tested for a recent catastrophic episode of compound flooding: the DANA event of September 2019 in south-east Spain (Depresión Aislada en Niveles Altos, meaning cut-off low). The combination of the two methods identified well the overall compound flood extents and impacts reported by various information sources. For instance, the simulated economic losses amounted to about EUR 670 million against EUR 425 million of reported insured losses. Although the compound impact estimates were less accurate at municipal level, they corresponded much better to the observed impacts than those generated by the two methods applied separately. This demonstrates the potential of such integrated approaches for improving decision support services.
Temporal changes in rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for post-wildfire flash floods in southern California
Authors: Liu Tao , McGuire Luke A. , Oakley Nina , Cannon Forest
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Rainfall intensity–duration (ID) thresholds are commonly
used to assess flash flood potential downstream of burned watersheds.
High-intensity and/or long-duration rainfall is required to generate flash
floods as landscapes recover from fire, but there is little guidance on how
thresholds change as a function of time since fire. Here, we force a
hydrological model with radar-derived precipitation to estimate ID thresholds
for post-fire flash floods in a 41.5 km2 watershed in southern
California, USA. Prior work in this study area constrains temporal changes
in hydrological model parameters, allowing us to estimate temporal changes in
ID thresholds. The results indicate that ID thresholds increase by more than a
factor of 2 from post-fire year 1 to post-fire year 5. Thresholds based on
averaging rainfall intensity over durations of 15–60 min perform better
than those that average rainfall intensity over shorter time intervals.
Moreover, thresholds based on the 75th percentile of radar-derived
rainfall intensity over the watershed perform better than thresholds based
on the 25th or 50th percentile of rainfall intensity. Results
demonstrate how hydrological models can be used to estimate changes in ID
thresholds following disturbance and provide guidance on the rainfall
metrics that are best suited for predicting post-fire flash floods.