bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of temperature and column variation in gas chromatography to dead time of inert gas and n-alkane homologous series using randomized block design
Authors: Idroes R , Husna I , Muslem  , Mahmudi  , Rusyana A , Helwani Z , Idroes G M , Suhendra R , Yandri E , Rahimah S , Sasmita N R
Published: December 2019

The dead time behavior from several inert gas and mathematical methods under temperature and column variation have been studied using randomized block design. Dead time of inert gas and mathematical dead time calculated using n-alkane homologous series that measurement with gas chromatography at temperatures of 60, 90 and 120°C and columns of PS-255, OV-11, CPSIL-5CB, HP -5 and HP-INNOWAX were used as a set data in randomized block design. The results showed that temperature variation affects all dead time values, either for inert gas dead time or mathematical method, except for Parcher method. Different column types between capillary and packed column exhibits a significant effect. For capillary column, all dead time values, either for inert gas dead time or mathematical method is not affected by polarity variation, but they are affected by the column length. Meanwhile for packed column, column length does not affect the mathematical dead time of Ne and He gases, but it affects the dead time of O2 and Ar gases. Parcher method exhibits the best result with a robust dead time, without significant effect in statistics by the change of temperature and column.
Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of ethyl asetat extracts of cocoa pod husk (Theobroma cacao L)
Authors: Umri R J , Maulana I , Ginting B
Published: December 2019

Isolation of ethyl acetate extract from cocoa pod husks (Theobroma cacao L) and testing of their cytotoxic as well as antioxidant activities has been done. The cytotoxic activities test has been carried out employing Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method, while the antioxidant activities test was employing l,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and vitamin C as positive control. In the cytotoxic test, all fractions showed excellent cytotoxic activity with a range of LC50 = ∞ ppm to 107.15 ppm. The extract also showed antioxidant activity with IC50 = 163.35 ppm and vitamin C = 0.014 ppm. Isolation of the active components of ethyl acetate extract using silica gel as stationary phase and n-hexane:ethyl acetate (9:1) eluent, yielded a combination of 9 fractions (TCE1-TCE9). The separation of TCE 5 produced white needle crystals with a melting point of 128 - 131°C. Based on the stain pattern, the crystal belongs to a phenolic compound.
Mud-puddling behaviour of butterflies in the Soraya research station, district of Subulussalam, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Suwarno S , Rasnovi S , Utami S D , Rizki A , Dahelmi D
Published: December 2019

Butterflies, mostly the male congregate and uptake the sodium and amino acids from the mud, dung, and urine of mammals or decaying flesh and then transferred to the female during mating. This behaviour is usually called as puddling. Hence, the objective of the present study was to identify the puddle butterflies in the Soraya river banks, their sex and age ratio. Five sampling points were observed for three hours (09:00-12:00 am) during 5 d each. The number of individual and number of species of butterflies that do puddlings were observed. A total of 25 species of butterflies belonging to four families were identified. Appias lyncida and Graphium sarpedon were the most active in puddling followed by Caleta elna, Pathysa antiphates and Appias lybithea. Generally, butterflies that do puddle were the male and the young individual.
Model of virus therapy and chemotherapy for cancer
Authors: Safitri E , Tarmizi T , Ramli M , Wahyuni S , Ikhwan M
Published: December 2019

This article discusses the mathematical model of changes in the number of cancer cells as a result of the intervention. Here the effect of combination treatment, in the form of virus injection and chemotherapy on tumor cells, is presented in detail. There are two different tumor cells, uninfected tumor cells and infected tumor cells. Model simulations with different parameters were performed for 700 d. The initial values for the population of virus-infected tumor cells are divided into two categories. The number of tumor cells injected with the virus is ½ (half) and all tumor cells that are not infected. Based on the simulation results, it was concluded that the more the number of tumor cells injected with the virus, the faster the decrease in the number of tumor cell populations. It was also concluded that the reduced population of tumor cells reduces the amount of chemotherapy concentration used.
Online Taxi bike To Create Informal Public Spaces in Urban Areas
Authors: Kurniawati W , Islamey T Z
Published: December 2019

The changes associated with digitalization, are rapidly messing up the old pattern, leading to the creation of a new system. The expansion of technological applications such as Uber or Gojek, leads to the development of a unique transportation model thereby, creating informal parking spaces for online taxi bike drivers. These spaces are self-formed, random, not formally planned, and located at strategic locations to suit the needs of users. In order to explore the phenomenon of informal public space, this research conducts the following: 1) Traces online taxi bike; 2) Identifies its potentials and problems; 3) Analyses the spatial pattern; and 4) Figures out the pattern and its impact. Data was obtained by direct observation in Diponegoro University, Tembalang, Semarang. This research therefore aims to understand the existing conditions faced by the new paradigms in Indonesia. The result is a spatial interaction pattern of informal space due to online taxi bike activities, such as T-junction, and under trees spot, with digital technology used to scrub the problems associated with driving forces.
Organism Associated with Cymodocea Serulata in Different Habitats near Urban Coastal Area
Authors: Watiniasih N L , Nuarsa I W , Merdana I M , Budiarsa I N , Dharma A , Antara I N G , Poborini M W
Published: December 2019

The development of tourism in Bali is very rapid, where most area are in direct contact with residential areas. Seagrass that grows in coastal area is under pressure due to tourism activities. This study aims to determine the state of urban coastal areas with an indicator of organisms associated with seagrass Cymodocea serulata. The samples of C. serulata leaves were collected from Sanur Beach, Denpasar and Samuh Beach, Nusa Dua, Badung, Bali. These two areas are tourism areas with high tourist visits, and are located near the residential areas. Sanur Beach is different from Samuh Beach, where the seagrass habitats at Sanur Beach are also used as a mooring place for motorized boats, crossing Penida strait from Sanur to Nuas Penida and Nusa Lembongan. The results showed that periphyton that lived in association with C. serulata were higher at Samuh beach (12 species) compared to Sanur beach (3 species). However, the total bacteria associated with seagrass leaves was higher at Sanur beach (58. 0 × 104 CFU / mL) compared to that of Samuh beach (51.3 × 104 CFU / mL). Three species of periphyton with the high number of individuals found on C. serulata leaves at Samuh beach were Ardissonia fulgens, Synedra sp, and Thalassionema nitzschioides, while 3 species were found at the Sanur beach were Thalassiothrix sp, Oscillatoria sp. and Paracalanus palvus. Four potential fungal species were found associated with seagrass leaves, 3 of them identified as Aspergillus eff. niger, A. clavatus and Penicillium purpurogenum, while 1 isolate has not been identified. The results of this study found that habitat differences and water designation affected the diversity of organisms associated with seagrass beds of C. serulata.
Sustainable Communities as a Response to Climate Change: Analysis of Geroldsäcker Eco-Housing Project and Recommendations for its Replication Considering Current Urban Challenges
Authors: Kasih B , Nohara K , Zerbst L , Javier R
Published: December 2019

Geroldsäcker eco-housing is a unique project located in the northeast of Karlsruhe, in a 1.24-hectare plot with constructed area of 5.600m2. The planning of the project started in year 1989 and its completion happened in 1992. It is composed of 40 residence units: apartments and 3 store row-houses with private garden. The initial concept was an ecological settlement with common infrastructure and spaces for human interaction, using constructive ecological materials and devices for the residences and common areas. The community living sense is one of this project’s highlights. The 120 residents not only share common spaces, such as a community house destined to events and practice of activities, but also developed task groups to cover all necessary workspaces in the settlement. What can be observed nowadays is that Geroldsäcker, even being implemented 3 decades ago, presents several important sustainability aspects in the ecological, social and economic dimensions. What started as a pilot project at a time when the definition of sustainability was still under discussion, can be considered a model not only of sustainable housing, but also as a broader model for sustainable communities. This paper explores the aspects identified in Geroldsäcker eco-housing project leading towards a sustainable community concept. Potentialities and improvement points are analysed, considering current urban challenges, such as high demand and costs for land, lack of public land for experimental projects, efforts to stimulate bottom up processes, the behaviour of current generations, the need for new and environmental friendly constructive patterns, and how to aggregate stakeholders to boost new models of sustainable communities projects.
Coworking Space and Cluster Spatial Relations in the Context of Jakarta City Spatial Structure
Authors: Huliana W , Ellisa E
Published: December 2019

Y generations, or better known as the millennials, are currently the most significant addition in work place. Globalization and industry 4.0 development are the biggest external factors that shaped their character. Both of them has changed the way millennials live as a part of the society. This characters are reflected in the work place in a form of collaborative work. It is becomes the main reason why coworking spaces are now a global trend. Coworking spaces exist as a manifestation of millenials adaptation in occupying work place. With its shared-knowledge based system as the main concept, coworking spaces need a certain proximity with one another. It has an impact on coworking spaces distribution that tends to concentrated in a certain area, particularly in existing industrial cluster. This phenomenon is often called agglomeration economies or spatial clustering. The emergence of coworking space and the phenomenon of agglomeration are most likely occured simultaneously in urban environment. It is also occurred in Jakarta. However, it is still in its early development compared to Silicon Valley. Reflect on that successful cluster and based on current development studies on agglomeration economies, this paper will discuss about coworking space and cluster agglomeration process, relation, and potential capacity which will be integrated with Jakarta spatial structure current condition. The results will indicate the city structure adaptation towards cluster development and give depiction to foresee its future development possibilities.
Hydroponic Plants Monitoring System based on Single Board Computing in Order to Increase Food Security in Bali
Authors: Mogi I K A , Dharma A
Published: December 2019

To optimize agricultural yields on increasingly shrinking agricultural land in Bali, hydroponic cultivation is the solution. Compared to conventional planting, hydroponic planting uses different methods. This method causes one disadvantage in hydroponic planting. The weakness is the skill of farmers in monitoring their crops. To help farmers monitor their hydroponic plants, a system is needed. The system should be able to monitor and inform farmers about the condition of their crops. This study designed and built a hydroponic plant maintenance system using a single board computer, microcontroller, sensor, and actuator. The microcontroller is used to collect data from sensors. Next, the data is forwarded to a single board computer to be processed into information. The information will be forwarded and stored into the server, and then continued to the farmers concerned through smartphone devices which are connected to the internet. Then, the farmers make decisions according to the information. On this system, a single board computer, microcontroller, sensor, and actuator are in a local connection. Single board computer that is connected to the internet in such a way, that it is able to transmit data to the farmers’ smartphone devices. The communication between single board computer and microcontroller is using web services based on JSON-RPC, and from the single board computer to the farmer’s devices is using web services with the REST architecture. The conclusions from this study are the system built is able to monitor the hydroponic plants and inform the farmers using their smartphone.
Effect of Weather for Demand of Online Transportation in Tembalang, Semarang
Authors: Rakhmatulloh A R , Dewi D I K , Wijayanti  , Winarendri J
Published: December 2019

Estimates of online transportation users in an area need to be known because it can be used to analyze how much the dependence of the traveler on online transportation. So that it can be seen how the travel patterns of online transportation users. However, research on the impact of weather variables on the selection of modes of online transportation has not been widely implemented. This study aims to evaluate the influence of the weather by entering dry season and rainy season variabel related to daily travel behaviour on online transportation. This research was conducted at Tembalang Semarang, and the target of respondents was students. The analytical results show that, in general the existence of rainfall is associated with a certain degree of online transpotation user of go car/grab car increase. So we can conclude that weather-related variables were found to routine/daily trips.
User Assessment of Quality Service of Trans Jateng Bus Stops, in Sub-Urban Corridor (Ungaran-Bawen)
Authors: Agitha L D , Mardiansjah F H
Published: December 2019

This paper focuses on the provision of bus stop facilities provided by the Trans Jateng, a BRT-claimed bus system provided by Central Java Province that connecting southern periphery of Metropolitan Semarang to the urban core. One of their functions is to increase public interest in using public transportation in their daily transportation among the city center to the periphery vice versa. The study aim is to assess the quality of service of the bus stop in the sub-urban corridor from Ungaran to Bawen based on the user opinion and perception, which are analyzed by using 5-rating Likert scale gathered from interviews conducted by using questionnaires. There are three variables used in this study: location, physic, and service level. The result reveals the service quality of the bus stops is 2.94 so it tends to be quite good with the value of the three variables are 3.29 (good enough), 2.52 (not good) and 3.01 (good enough) respectively. They turn out input and provide suggestions to improve the bus stop services in their physical aspect as well as their location. The improvement is expected could increase public preferences on public transportation utilization, especially in their travel between city center to the periphery vice versa. The shifting private to public transportation is needed to reduce vehicle emissions that could support a more sustainable development in Semarang Metropolitan Development.
Modelling the Needs of Light Rail Transit (LRT) on Transit Oriented Development Area around LRT Stations in Palembang
Authors: Agustien M , Susanti B , Pahlevi H
Published: December 2019

Various efforts have been made to overcome the problem of congestion in Palembang, one of them is to provide Light Rail Transit (LRT) which has been operating since July 2018. Analysis of the relationship between the needs of LRT, travel characteristics and characteristic of LRT operation is needed to evaluate the LRT level of service. Level of service of LRT can be assessed from route service, integration of LRT modes with other public transportation, travel time and cost of travel demand. Based on this, the research aims to model the need for LRT in Palembang City on the Transit Oriented Development (TOD. TOD is an area that has the potential to be developed into an integrated area between land use and transportation systems including LRT transportation mode in the area. Travel and mode choice characteristics data of respondents are collected on households in the TOD area. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method is used to modelling the needs of LRT. The model can be used to determine the relationship between variables the need of LRT, travel behaviour characteristic and LRT operation characteristics. The result of the study shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variables on TOD area around LRT stations in Palembang.
Desktop-Based Population Data Information System to Support The Sumbawa Electronic Government in Rhee District
Authors: Hidayatullah Muhammad , Hendrawan Fery , Andriani Titi , Esabella Shinta , Nurhairunnisah
Published: December 2019

This research aims to improve the population service system which is optimal in supporting electronic government in Sumbawa Regency. In software development using the waterfall model and desktop-based Programming with Visual Studio and SQL Server as a Database Management System. The system testing method uses the Black Box Method, a test that focuses on the functional requirements of the software. The results of the research can be used easily, quickly, and useful for processing population data so that it can provide optimal service. This system has been used at the Luk Village Office (Rhee District) in improving service to the community optimally.
Comparison Analysis Operastional Cost of Vehicle (VOC) Between Kayu Agung-Palembang-Betung Toll Road Plan with Existing Road
Authors: Kadarsa E , Hanafiah  , Adhitya B B , Pataras M , Azari A
Published: December 2019

South Sumatra is one of the provinces whose development is very rapid in Indonesia. With the increasing development of centers of economic activity, politics, socio-culture and education make it an attraction for residents outside the city to travel to Palembang City. However, the condition of the eksisting highway which has become the driver’s mainstay for travelling are not free of congestion. This causes travel time and Vehicle operational costs increase for every vehicle that passes the road. To overcome this problem, the government brought investors to build a toll road. The results of preliminary research show that people are still confused about the benefits through toll roads which are built besides travel time faster because they have to spend money to pay tolls. The main objective of this study was to determine the vehicle operating costs (VOC) using both roads with the Pacific Consultant International Method (PCI) and Industrial and Affiliate Research, Bandung Institute of Technology (LAPI ITB). Variable of the equation to determine the cost components is travel speed determined the Floating Car Method. The results show that the operational costs of vehicles (VOC) through toll roads are smaller when compared with existing roads. VOC of passenger cars that pass through the existing road in the morning Rp. 3395.45, trucks 2 axles loaded Rp. 5570.55 and trucks 2 axles with no payload of Rp. 3815.00, while if through toll road, passenger cars Rp. 2618.82 and trucks 2 axles Rp. 2918.71. In addition, information is obtained, more than 90% of drivers only consider fuel costs, they do not consider the cost of other variable variables in choosing a route.
Erosion Potential Based on Erodibility and Plasticity Index data on Cilengkrang, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Khoirullah N , Mufti IJ , Sophian I , Iskandarsyah T Yan W. M. , Muslim D
Published: December 2019

Cilengkrang is a sub-village in the north of Ujung Berung and Cijambe sub-District Bandung Regency, Indonesia. It is located on the west of Cikeruh sub-watershed. This subwatershed is part of greater upstream Citarum watershed. This area has been developed rapidly by new settlement and villa. However, the available data of erosion potential in this area is less convenient. The erosion is a severe problem that has a strong relation to flood potential. This study starts with collected engineering geological data from 14 samples. These samples were taken from different soil types from its engineering characteristics. Based on the field and laboratory observation, this area is form by fine-grained soils as a result of residual soils from young volcanic rocks — the silt and very fine sand content range from 49 to 70 % of the total soil. The erodibility value (K) in this area is from 0.03 to 0.06. These values are indicating moderate soil erodibility class. The plasticity index (PI) also shows value from 9 to 48 %. This value is pointing low to high plasticity behavior of this soil. The regression linear shows strong correlation between PI and K with r = 0.7. This correlation is interpreted that the cohesion controls the soil characteristic in Cilengkrang area and affect the moderate erodibility value. This study hopefully giving new insight that soil mechanic data is can also support data on erosion potential.
Liquefaction Potential Based on Geology and Geotechnical Data on Sanana Region, Sula Island Regency, North Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Pajrin U S , Mubarak A , Basuki J P , Zakaria Z , Sophian R I , Khoirullah N
Published: December 2019

Soil liquefaction is one of a major problem in infrastructure development. This disaster can occur on sandy soil and high seismicity region. Soil with liquefaction potential will affect as a liquid during earthquakes and has high potential to collapse after the earthquake. The purpose of this study is to identify liquefaction potential in Sanana, Sula Island, North Maluku where many infrastructure developments being carried out. The method used in this research is “simplified procedure” for evaluating liquefaction resistance of soils. This method considers geological and geotechnical characteristics based on Standard Penetration Test. The geological characteristics of Sanana region show that this region has liquefaction potential because it is composed of Holocene alluvium and located in high seismicity region. Furthermore, based on the geotechnical data from the SPT test, this region has liquefaction potential in the sand, silty sand and sandy silt with loose-medium density. The loose-medium properties affect a low seismic resistance to cyclic loads. This will lead to high liquefaction potential in this research area. Therefore, in order to prevent possible disaster caused by liquefaction, this problem needs to be considered in future infrastructure planning and development.
The Impact of Go-food on Travel Behaviour for The Fulfillment of Consumption Needs in Higher Education Areas
Authors: Manullang O R , Limbong N S
Published: December 2019

This study examines the Go-food implications for changing the behavior of people’s travels in fulfilling consumption needs, specifically for eating and drinking. This community travel behaviour is seen from two sides, namely: Go-food user request side and provider side (Go-food driver travel intensity). Quantitative methods were applied to analyse Go-food implications towards travel behaviour from provider and user. The results of this study explain that a high level of travel occurs at night and is hostile to the beginning of the driver’s travel. It is influenced by the function of the trade area that is located on the surrounding road, especially when weekdays on Sirojudin Street (21%), while the weekend at Ngesrep Timur V Street (20%) and Jatimulyo Street (17%). In addition, the behaviour of the driver’s travel goals is spread, which is when weekdays in the Bulusan area (30%), while in the weekend in the Pedalangan area (27%). Fulfillment of this consumption needs affects the change in Go-food user travel behaviour. Before there was Go-food, several factors were considered, namely: distance, time, cost, frequency, and reason for travel, whereas after Go-food, factors that are considered or have a relationship are: frequency factor and goal travel. This is because the Go-food service is used when the community prioritizes its time for productive matters. Moreover, the Go-food facility resulted in the Go-food user making a request to the place where he wanted to eat, although the distance was quite far. This is because cost and distance are not a problem for Go-food consumers.
The spectrum of city park service scope: case study of Lapangan Puputan Badung and Lapangan Puputan Margarana Denpasar-Bali
Authors: Kohdrata N , Suartika G A M , Krisnandika A A K , Yusiana L S , Dharmadiatmika I M A
Published: December 2019

This research aims to find the spectrum of a park service scope from two city parks in Denpasar, a densely populated city. The city parks in study are Lapangan Puputan Badung and Lapangan Puputan Margarana as city public facilities of Denpasar – Bali that is said to improve citizen quality of life and environment as well. However, this research focuses to see how city parks in Bali serve their users. This study uses a survey research method. Sample of respondents are chosen using accidental sampling technique with questionnaire as media of data collection. Data series include, users’ age, frequency of visit, activities, and domicile. Research findings are analysed spatially and descriptively as well. Result shows that most visitors are young people who spend time mostly for exercising and other recreational activities. It is also interesting to see that both city park users are regular visitors. They visit the parks at least 1 to 2 time per week and spend 1 to 2 hours in there. The parks users mostly come from densely populated areas. That shows the importance of city parks as complement to a city. However, as a city that going to smart city, ICT has not been recognized much. As conclusion, the spectrum of city parks service scope of Denpasar still ranging in traditional functions of public green open space. A city park serves a man-made nature-like place for people to get refresh within an urban landscape setting.
Influence on the Tensile Properties of AA7075-T6 under Different Conditions during friction stir welding process
Authors: Shahabuddin  , Dwivedi V.K. , Sharma Akash
Published: December 2019

The main idea is to study the outcome parameters of FSW on finest quality of AA7075-T6. The welding of AA7075 is done by vertical milling machine with using different tools. Different welding parameters are studied on fluctuating tool rotational speed which varies 900 to 1750 (rpm), having tool shoulder diameter between 15 to 20 mm and transverse speed of the table which is under the range of 30 to 45 (mm/min). Taguchi technique is used for optimizing the welding parameters. In this present investigation three factorial and three level designed are used for optimization through the Taguchi Technique. The result which are detected defines that due to increase in rotational speed the tensile strength of welded joint increases and tensile strength decrease due to the frictional heat which is generated during the FSW process.
System reduction using modified inverse distance measure and modified Cauer continued fraction method
Authors: Sengar R V S , Chatterjee K , Singh J
Published: December 2019

A useful technique for obtaining the stable approximated model is proposed by combining modified inverse distance measure and modified Cauer continued fraction method. Modified inverse distance measure is based on pole clustering technique used to get the suitable dominant poles of the approximated model and modified Cauer continued fraction method has the advantages of approximation at the steady state as well as initial transient situations. Effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through considering numerical cases. The suggested method is computer oriented and simple in calculation.
Modeling and Analysis of Articulated Robotic Arm for Material Handling Applications
Authors: Jain Rishabh , Nayab Zafar Mohd. , Mohanta J. C.
Published: December 2019

The Articulated Robotic Arm is gaining huge importance in industries due to its high precision work and ease in carrying out heavy tasks. This paper is related with the modeling and analysis of an articulated robotic arm which can be utilized for material handling tasks. For designing and simulation of the articulated robotic arm with material handling gripper SOLIDWORKS® software is used. In the process of modeling, an analysis such as the study of the finite element method would be very helpful in the early stage of design. The result of the analysis will show the strength and weakness of the design. The finite element analysis was carried out using ANSYS® software workbench to study the model of a robotic arm with different materials and various loading conditions. The results of the analysis are reviewed for selecting the best material and also approving good feasibility of the articulated robotic arm.
Predicting the Performance of Heat Pipe at Different Inclination Angle
Authors: Madhuri  , Pandey Ashish , Kumar Anil , Yadav N.P.
Published: December 2019

This paper focused an experimental study of heat pipe to predict the performance of the heat pipe at different tilt angle. The distilled water is used as a working fluid in this study. The temperature was measured with data acquisition system at variouspositions of heat pipe after steady state. The performance of heat pipe is predicted by the deviation of temperature at different section of heat pipe at different tilt angle and heat input power. Thermal resistance is also estimated to understand the behaviour of heat pipe. It is observed thatbehaviour of heat pipe is very poor at 90 degree inclination compare to other inclination angle. The optimum condition for getting high thermal performance from heat pipe is at 0 degree inclination for low power inputhowever at high power input it is observed at 45 degree inclination angle.
Expert system to select tunnel boring machine (TBM)
Authors: Nandan Tripathi Brij , Kumar Agrawal Anil , Ray Dipankar , Chattopadhyaya Somnath
Published: December 2019

This paper highlights the requirements for development of an Expert System for selection of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM). TBM selection is a very intricate process requiring a great deal of expertise in the field of machine, geographical conditions, cost and many other factors. This paper briefly explains the need and methodology to select a TBM. This selection is done here on various geographical parameters. This preliminary stage developed software completely understands the various rules used and generates a promising result.
Dynamic Behavior Analysis of Rolling Element Bearing
Authors: Rathi Mohit , Jahagirdar Ankush C. , Raut B. K. , Gupta K. K.
Published: December 2019

Dynamic analysis of rolling element bearing is important due to the increasing demand in running accuracy of rotor bearing. A lot of research work has been done on rolling element bearing as a structural element of the machine and vibration generation source. In this study, an improved model is designed to analyse vibrations in a ball bearing during run-up. The integration technique is use to simulate the response of defective bearings. Dynamic response of bearing has been simulated to study the effect of parameters such as defect width, depth and radial clearance. The results are observed as the peak frequency amplitude decreases with increase in defect width, 40% decrease for 133% increase in width, whereas it increases with increase in defect depth, 75% increase for 133% increase in depth.
A technological review of wind power generation
Authors: Kumar Akhilesh , Sadhu P K , Singh J
Published: December 2019

Due to developing population, economic improvement, and monetary development, strength is the most fundamental dearth and may assist in lessening the usage of fossil fuels. Around the world 86.4% of strength is introduced through fossil fuels. All inclusive, India positions fourth a few of the international locations that create wind power. The maximum current 5 years development in wind strength in India is nearly 16 %. Wind is the aberrant kind of solar orientated electricity and is usually being recharged by way of the solar. It has been assessed that approximately 10 million MW of electricity are persistently accessible in the earth’s wind. Wind strength gives a variable and environmental pleasant opportunity and countrywide electricity security even as diminishing global stores of fossils products debilitates the long haul manageability of worldwide economic system. This paper introduces with a technological review of wind strength conversion structures. Right here numerous wind mills, generators and electricity converter topologies are mentioned with their classifications, technical features and latest developments. On this evaluation paper an excellent in magnificence is centered on constitutive factors, structure and manipulate of wind era structures and the state-of-the-art studies traits in wind electricity conversion system.
A study on buckling of piezoelectric circular cylindrical shell
Authors: Chauhan Sandeep , Gupta Ashish , kumar Chandan
Published: December 2019

The infinite length piezoelectric circular cylindrical shell is considered in the present study, which is subjected to axisymmetric external pressure and applied electrical voltage in radial direction. The mathematical formulation of the system is adopted simultaneous linear homogeneous ordinary differential equations as governing equations. These governing equations are further solved by using finite difference method. Numerical results of the analysis provides comparative study of conventional method with FDM method and show that piezoelectric effect improves stability of shell.
Studies on the effects of braking loads on a Railway Wheel
Authors: Bansal Aakash D , Ramachandran N , Rastogi V
Published: December 2019

Indian Railways boasts as the superior modes of transportation in the country and it functions in all rural and urban networks including narrow, meter and broad gauges. Railway accidents due to mechanical failure of wheels are still considered with primary importance by research and development wing. Studies have revealed that the braking of tread zone of wheel results in non-uniform heating and creates severe stresses in railroad car wheels. The existing trend towards high speed trains and larger axle loads has created a need for a better understanding of the technology involved in designing of wheel. All the types of trains including freight and passenger, are generally braked using cast iron brake blocks which adds to the thermal loading on the wheel. Braking application for long time results in high temperatures on the wheel tread and the rim. Thermal loading has sufficient capability to not only initiate cracks but also increases the crack growth rate.
Kinematic and kinetic analysis of knee joint during squatting
Authors: Singh Chauhan Shailendra
Published: December 2019

Knee function in squatting is an important consideration for activity of daily living. However, there are only a limited number of studies reporting biomechanics of deep knee flexion beyond 900. The joint and muscle forces calculated from the data collected from six healthy subjects performing squatting and rising from a deep squat using a force plate, a marker system and EMG. The estimated tibio-femoral joint forces were between 4.7 and 5.6 times body weight in vertical direction and 2.9-3.5 times body weight in horizontal direction. These forces are much larger than the forces during normal walking. A mathematical model shows the external forces acting on the segments of lower limbs are the gravity forces and inertia forces due to mass segments of limb and the reactive forces transmitted from the ground. The ground reaction forces have the enormous effect on the leg during stance phase of walking whereas the gravity forces and the inertia forces are predominantly responsible for the forces at joints during swing phase of walking. The moment developed by the external forces at the respective joint is counterbalanced by the moment developed by the contraction of muscle forces about the joint to keep the joint in dynamic equilibrium.
Numerical simulation of flow past a flat plate with anti-singing trailing edge
Authors: Maheswari Anurag , Kumar Niraj , Singh Vineet , Saxena Vishal , Kumar Singh Manoj
Published: December 2019

Aerofoil with anti-singing trailing edge has been seen as the treatment to eliminate singing. The present study numerically investigates the bevel and chamfer anti-singing trailing edges with rounded ones in flat plates. The effects of 25°, 45°, 10° bevel and 15°, 45° chamfer angles provided at the trailing edge of the flat plate on the aerodynamic characteristics are systematically compared with rounded ones at a Reynolds number of 1.5x105 and 25°, 30° and 45° angle of attack. The substantial reduction of primary vortex shedding frequency is observed in 25°, 45°, 10° bevel and 15°, 45° chamfer trailing edges as compared to the rounded one. Also, the presence of broader wake profile indicates higher drag in rounded trailing edge geometry as compared to anti-singing trailing edges. Thus, the present study demonstrates that the 45° and 10° bevel trailing edge could provide better anti-singing behavior and aerodynamic performance in comparison with 25° bevel, 15°, 45° chamfer and rounded trailing edge.
Experimental investigations for rheological characteristics of TiO2 nanoparticles doped diesel, biodiesel fuel blends for use in compression ignition engine
Authors: Vishal Saxena , Niraj Kumar , Vinod Kumar Saxena , Singh Vineet , Kumar Niraj , Maheswari Anurag
Published: December 2019

The present experimental study aims to investigate the variations in rheological characteristics of TiO2 nanoparticles doped biodiesel diesel fuel blends at different temperatures and nanoparticle mass fractions. Fuel blends of Acacia Concinna biodiesel (AC BD) in the volume fraction of 40% are mixed with in the remaining 60% volume fraction of mineral diesel. Fuel blends are modified by doping TiO2 nanoparticles in the weight fraction of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 g/liter in biodiesel diesel fuel blends. These modified fuel blends (MNF) are prepared by means of mechanical stirring and ultra-sonication process, which are tested on Rheometer in a temperature range of 293K-363K under different shear rates. The experimental results showed that at concentration of 0.4 g/liter the viscosity of modified fuel blend (MNF0.4) was 7.16% more than the viscosity of mineral diesel. This increase in viscosity of MNF fuel blends are undesirable due to the fact that high injection pressure is required for proper atomization and combustion of fuel, which otherwise overshadows the gain in total heat release rate due to high heat of combustion of TiO2 nanoparticles. Furthermore, rheological characteristics of nanoparticle mixed modified fuel blends are found to be non- Newtonian and shear thinning. The findings of present study ascertain us that modified fuel blend up to 0.2 g/liter of TiO2 nanoparticle concentration (MNF0.2) in AC can be used as alternative fuel without much modifications in the operating and design parameters of existing diesel engine.
Development and advancement in the wheel-rail rolling contact mechanics
Authors: Bhardawaj Sono , Chandmal Sharma Rakesh , Kumar Sharma Sunil
Published: December 2019

Realistic modelling of wheel-rail contact is necessary for true analysis of railway vehicle system. This study reviews the rail-wheel contact models with their related computer software programs in detail. The phenomenon of creepage and creep-force is studied in detail in this paper. An insight is presented to linear and non-linear model developed by Carter, Kalker, Johnson &Vermeulen, Halling, Haines and Ollerton and related programs based on their theories. Advanced wheel-rail contact theory is also reviewed in this paper.
Aero dynamic cross wind analysis of locomotive
Authors: Kanth Choppara Rishi , Chandmal Sharma Rakesh , Kumar Sharma Sunil , Gupta Tanu
Published: December 2019

Aerodynamic cross wind has become most vital part in the approving process in locomotives. From last few decades, many of the incidents took place on the cross wind stability of locomotives during high speed. Even though a lot of research work is going on the cross wind analysis of locomotive by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In this paper Computational fluid dynamics simulation was used to carry out the study on WAP5 locomotive (Wide gauge AC Passenger, class 5 model) and the simulations were utilized to study the impact of the motion (relative) among locomotive and infrastructure, also the variance which happen in WT (wind tunnel). After an inceptive approval against test data, the numerical model was utilized to consider relative motion impacts among locomotive and infrastructure (STBR i.e. single track with ballast and rail). The variance, regarding coefficient of aerodynamics obtained with active and static model simulations, was investigated: the both rolling moment coefficient and lateral force were brought down with the static model of around 5% and the variance of around 12% for the coefficient vertical force. The other variations like CWC (characteristics wind curve), presents the limitation for overturning of locomotive was in the sequence of 1.5% for direction of locomotive that is perpendicular to wind. In the conclusion, regardless of whether stationary test is not conventional, the distinctions as far as characteristics wind curve are significantly less in the single track with ballast and rail situation and these outcomes carry assumptions of stationary model tests on single track with ballast and train situation as illustrative of aerodynamics of locomotive.
Finite Element Analysis of Ring Force Transducer
Authors: Saxena Richa , Kumar Ghoshal Sanjoy , Kumar Harish , Arora P K
Published: December 2019

Ring shaped force transducer have been used for different industrial and metrological applications for about one century since inception at National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly, National Bureau of Standards), USA. Though, earlier they have been equipped with deflection measuring device say, micrometre, dial gauge or vibrating reed as the case may be. With growing advancement, to limit the inherent shortcomings of analogue instruments, digitization has been done over the past decades. In this regard, few research reports have been published, but up to best of knowledge of the authors, realistic computational investigations are still missing. In past findings, there have been limitations either with coherence with experimental findings or limits of the software used for the investigations. In this regard, commercial software ANSYS has been used for complete ring shaped force transducer and a realistic procedure adopted in line with analytical method. The present study attempts to discuss the procedure and outcome of finite element analysis for a ring shaped force transducer for the material EN 24 with a nominal capacity of 50 kN. The paper discusses details of the approach adopted and salient outcomes. The paper further discusses the implications of the finite element analysis in design and development of the ring shaped force transducer.
Statistical Analysis of Effects of Make in India on Industrial, Manufacturing & Production Field in India: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ranjan Srivastava Aaditya , Ali Siddiqui Arshad , Khan Faraz Y , Bajpai Shrish
Published: December 2019

After independence, India has developed a lot whether it’s in defense field or railways; we are developing day by day in all the fields. And now a day’s India is rapidly growing in technology and production field after the project of Make in India. In this paper, we have discussed the effects & change in statics due to Make in India project on Indian economy. We have also discussed the educational structure of Industrial Engineering, Manufacturing Engineering and Production Engineering in India and also discussed top BRICS institutes in the epilogue of this paper.
Conceptual Investigation of Renewable Energy for Desalination Purposes
Authors: Shankar Srivastava Vishal , Kumar Singh Sandeep , Vardhan Patel Raj , Kumar Singh Rishikesh
Published: December 2019

Undoubtedly, that freshwater and energy are the two most important factors, which are responsible for the development of socio-economic in any region. According to the many studies, there are many places where the accessibility of potable water are limited, and to meet this demand for freshwater, the use of desalination plants is an important solution. On the other hand, there is a need of energy, either in the form of electricity or heat for operations of desalination plants and we all aware of the availability of conventional energy source, which is limited. Therefore, the Renewable Energy Sources (RES) will be an effective solution in the future to the energy problem and water management for driving the desalination plants. This paper aim has to study and propose appropriate Sustainable energy sources for all kind of desalination system, i.e., thermal or membrane system and the kind of energy used for driving the desalination system.
A Review on Mechanisms with Variable Topology (Revisiting the Variable Topology Mechanism)
Authors: Tadalagi Prashant B , Balli Shrinivas S
Published: December 2019

Simple mechanisms are used for various machines to obtainthe desired motions. If the link numbers and degrees of freedomgo on increasing, then the synthesis is also becoming more and more complex. The synthesized mechanisms have some limitations in satisfying the required motions. For these purpose mechanisms having multi-degrees of freedom, adjustable mechanisms and mechanisms with variable topology need to be focused on. Thispaper is mainly focused onthe review of available literature on variable topology mechanisms in general and solution rectification of mechanisms in particular.
A Review on Design and Development of Free Piston Linear Generators in Hybrid Vehicles
Authors: Rathore SS , Mishra S , Paswan M K , Sanjay
Published: December 2019

The rapid exploitation of fossil fuels due to their indiscriminate use has brought us to a situation when we cannot sustain the use of fuels like petrol and diesel for more than 30 years from now. Governments and energy companies around the world are looking for some alternative source of energy to power the vehicles. A lot of research is being carried out in this field and many researchers have concluded that hybrid vehicles can be a boon to eradicating the dependence on conventional fuels and move towards battery-aided power trains for running the vehicles. Today, there are a few electric vehicles on roads but in the near future the roads are going to be flooded by them. To propel them, we need batteries which should be charged at some intervals. In absence of battery charging stations, we would need range extending devices on the vehicles itself. A Free Piston Linear Generator (FPLG) is an electric generator which produces electricity by virtue of oscillation of a free piston in a cylinder and it can be used as a range extending device and alternative energy converter in a hybrid vehicle. Using an FPLG will be a new approach to optimize combustion process and thus it can not only help in low exhaust emissions but also in using new renewable fuels due to their capability of variable compression ratios. This paper is a review on the design and development of FPLG system for hybrid vehicles as an inevitable source of energy in near future.