bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prioritizing flight simulators of the brazilian air force by the analytic hierarchy process and hypothesis tests
Authors: Assis Sergio Ricardo de , Gavião Luiz Octavio , Kostin Sergio , Lima Gilson Brito Alves
Published: August 2022

Goal: The purpose of the research is to apply a method of decision support to prioritize flight simulators of the Air Force Command in view of the country”s budget constraints in the defense sector.
Methodology: The research was performed with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), associated with hypothesis tests to define the preference or equivalence relationships between the simulators. Data collection involved the support of 32 Air Force specialists with extensive experience in the chosen simulators.
Results: The T-27 Tucano simulator was preferred, followed by the C-95M Bandeirantes and the C-105 Amazonas, which obtained statistical similarity to each other. In fourth place was the A-29 Super Tucano simulator. The two simulators that had the least preference were the F-5M Tiger II and the A-1 AMX, which achieved results that were statistically close to each other.
Limitations: Any multicriteria decision aid technique embeds its features and limitations. This is not exclusive to AHP, although the consistency ratio is a differential in relation to other methods. The expert sample also reflects the preferences of a group, with reservations to the generalization of the results.
Practical implications: The findings of this research can be used in practice, by assisting the Brazilian Air Force in applying its scarce financial resources to prioritize flight simulators.
Originality / Value: The research is unique to the Brazilian Air Force, in particular to the Center that oversees flight simulators, and is also relevant in including hypothesis testing to AHP results.
Maximal asymmetry of bivariate copulas and consequences to measures of dependence
Authors: Griessenberger Florian , Trutschnig Wolfgang
Published: August 2022

In this article, we focus on copulas underlying maximal non-exchangeable pairs

(

X
,
Y

)

\left(X,Y)

of continuous random variables

X
,
Y

X,Y

either in the sense of the uniform metric

d

∞

{d}_{\infty }

or the conditioning-based metrics

D

p

{D}_{p}

, and analyze their possible extent of dependence quantified by the recently introduced dependence measures

ζ

1

{\zeta }_{1}

and

ξ

\xi

. Considering maximal

d

∞

{d}_{\infty }

-asymmetry we obtain

ζ

1

∈

5

6

,
1

{\zeta }_{1}\in \left[\frac{5}{6},1\right]

and

ξ
∈

2

3

,
1

\xi \in \left[\frac{2}{3},1\right]

, and in the case of maximal

D

1

{D}_{1}

-asymmetry we obtain

ζ

1

∈

3

4

,
1

{\zeta }_{1}\in \left[\frac{3}{4},1\right]

and

ξ
∈

1

2

,
1

\xi \in \left(\frac{1}{2},1\right]

, implying that maximal asymmetry implies a very high degree of dependence in both cases. Furthermore, we study various topological properties of the family of copulas with maximal

D

1

{D}_{1}

-asymmetry and derive some surprising properties for maximal

D

p

{D}_{p}

-asymmetric copulas.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of teriflunomide: do plasma concentrations predict response to leflunomide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: Rawdha Tekaya , Aicha Ben Tekaya , Lobna Ben Ammar , Issam Salouaje , Mouna Ben Sassi , Olfa Saidane , Selma Bouden , Takoua Ben Brahim , Kawther Ben Abdelghani , Leila Metoui , Hana Sahli , Ines Mahmoud , Leila Abdelmoula
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Leflunomide is a commonly used treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. It acts by inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase through its active metabolite teriflunomide. The objective of the study was to investigate the relation between plasma-concentration of teriflunomide and disease-activity in rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods

Data were collected from patients with rheumatoid arthritis on a stable leflunomide dose for at least 2 months. Socio-demographic data, disease characteristics and DAS28 score were recorded. Blood samples were taken for determination of teriflunomide concentration.

Results

A total of 32 serum concentration-time measurements were collected. The concentration of teriflunomide was positively correlated with disease duration of RA (r2=0.2264) and the number of swollen joints (r2=0.2413). There was a trend towards a positive correlation between Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and plasma teriflunomide concentration (r2=0.1699). Weight was negatively correlated with the residual plasma concentration of teriflunomide (r2=0.2483). However, there was no significant correlation between residual-plasma-concentration of teriflunomide and the following parameters: age, sex, number of tender painful joints, patient-global-assessment, C-reactive protein (CRP) and duration of prescription of leflunomide. We did not find association between disease-activity and residual-plasma-concentration of teriflunomide (r2=0.0021) and haven’t been able to define the threshold value of residual-plasma-concentration of leflunomide predictive of a good-response.

Conclusions

We did not find a concentration-effect-relationship. However, therapeutic drug monitoring of teriflunomide may be useful to ensure adherence and evaluate toxic-levels in case of adverse-events.
Diabetic ketoacidosis in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: demographics, risk factors and outcome: an 11 year review in Hong Kong
Authors: Poon Sarah Wing-yiu , Tung Joanna Yuet-ling , Wong Wilfred Hing-sang , Cheung Pik-to , Fu Antony Chun-cheung , Pang Gloria Shir-wey , To Sharon Wing-yan , Wong Lap-ming , Wong Wai-yu , Chan Suk-yan , Yau Ho-chung , See Wing-shan , But Betty Wai-man , Wong Shirley Man-yee , Lo Priscilla Wai-chee , Ng Kwok-leung , Chan Kwong-tat , Lam Hi-yuet , Wong Sammy Wai-chun , Lam Yuen-yu , Yuen Hoi-wing , Chung Jacky Ying-ki , Lee Ching-yee , Tay Ming-kut , Kwan Elaine Yin-wah
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this study is to analyze the incidence, clinical characteristics, management and outcome of children presenting with DKA in new-onset T1D from 2008 to 2018 in Hong Kong.

Methods

Data was extracted from the Hong Kong Childhood Diabetes Registry. All subjects less than 18 years with newly diagnosed T1D from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2018 managed in the public hospitals were included. Information on demographics, laboratory parameters, DKA-related complications and management were analyzed.

Results

In the study period, there were 556 children with newly diagnosed T1D in our registry and 43.3% presented with DKA. The crude incidence rate of new-onset T1D with DKA was 1.79 per 100,000 persons/year (CI: 1.56–2.04). Subjects presenting with DKA were younger (9.5 ± 4.5 vs. 10.5 ± 4.4, p=0.01) and had shorter duration of symptoms (4.2 ± 5.9 days vs. 10.6 ± 17.1 days, p<0.01). Regarding management, up to 12.4% were given insulin boluses and 82.6% were started on insulin infusion 1 h after fluid resuscitation. The rate of cerebral edema was 0.8% and there was no mortality.

Conclusions

Younger age and shorter duration of symptoms were associated with DKA in new-onset T1D. Despite availability of international guidelines, there was inconsistency in acute DKA management. These call for a need to raise public awareness on childhood diabetes as well as standardization of practice in management of pediatric DKA in Hong Kong.
The crystal structure of 1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)pentane- 1,5-dione, C48H40Cl4O4
Authors: Li Zhen , Liu Wanxing , Wang Baolei , Yang Yanbing , Liu Dong , Dai Yifan
Published: August 2022

C48H40Cl4O4, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.1407(5) Å, b = 12.5905(8) Å, c = 24.6662(17) Å, α = 103.442(6)°, β = 93.551(5)°, γ = 101.219(5)°, V = 2102.3(2) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0595, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1641, T = 293 K.
The crystal structure of imidazolium nitrate, C3H5O3N3
Authors: Xiao Li , Hongxia Pan , Qiang Liu , Lei Gong , Lizhen Chen , Jianlong Wang
Published: August 2022

C3H5O3N3, tetragonal, P43212 (no. 96), a = 7.2479(2) Å, c = 21.6138(8) Å, V = 1135.42(8) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt
(F) = 0.0344, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0903, T = 100 K.
Using IPA tools to characterize molecular pathways underlying the involvement of IRF7 in antiviral response to HIV
Authors: Kota Nikhil K. , Vigorito Michael , Krishnan Velu , Chang Sulie L.
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs) regulate transcription of type-I interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes. We previously reported that IFN-regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) is significantly upregulated in the brain of HIV-1 transgenic (HIV-1Tg) rats compared to F344 control rats in a region dependent manner [Li MD, Cao J, Wang S, Wang J, Sarkar S, Vigorito M, et al. Transcriptome sequencing of gene expression in the brain of the HIV-1 transgenic rat. PLoS One 2013]. The RNA deep-sequencing data were deposited in the NCBI SRA database with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) number GSE47474. Our current study utilized QIAGEN CLC Genomics Workbench and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to identify molecular pathways underlying the involvement of IRF7 in the HIV antiviral response.

Methods

The differential RNA expression data between HIV-1Tg and F344 rats as well as HAND+ and HIV+ cognitively normal patients was collected from GSE47474 and GSE152416, respectively. The “Core Expression Data Analysis” function identified the significant canonical pathways in the datasets with or without IRF7 and its 455 associated molecules.

Results

It was found that IRF7 and its 455 associated molecules altered the expression of pathways involving neurotransmission, neuronal survival, and immune function.

Conclusions

This in-silico study reveals that IRF7 is involved in the promotion of macrophage activity, neuronal differentiation, the modulation of the Th-1/Th-2 ratio, and the suppression of HIV-1 translation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that bioinformatics tools such as IPA can be employed to simulate the complete knockout of a target molecule such as IRF7 to study its involvement in biological pathways.
Assessing the spatial-temporal clustering of HIV prevalence among adolescents and young adults across countries around the world
Authors: Liew Hui-Peng
Published: August 2022

To date, HIV infection among adolescents and young adults remains a challenging public health issue, especially for countries located in Sub-Saharan Africa but no empirical research known to date has provided a spatial- temporal cluster analyses to assess trends in HIV prevalence among this population. This study attempts fill in the gaps in research by examining how the prevalence of adolescents and young adults aged 15–24 living with HIV are clustered together and estimating the number of individuals infected with HIV and the effectiveness of disease control initiatives. The empirical work of this study is based on the UNAIDS estimates downloaded from the World Bank DataBank and data obtained from the United States Central Intelligence Agency. Findings suggest that trends in HIV prevalence among adolescents and young adults differed by region and the prevalence of HIV infection among these individuals will not surge but will somewhat fluctuate over time. Attempt to end AIDS as a public health threat by year 2030 can remain a challenge if the current antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage, population growth rates, and AIDS-related death rates were to continue into the next decade.
Identification of tensile behaviour of polylactic acid parts manufactured by fused deposition modelling under heat-treated conditions using nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous and transfer function models
Authors: Karabeyoglu Sencer Süreyya , Eksi Olcay , Istif Ilyas , Feratoglu Kamil
Published: August 2022

In this study, three-dimensional (3D) printed polylactic acid (PLA) samples are annealed at slightly above the glass transition temperature to enhance the mechanical properties. Tensile and Izod impact tests are conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of 3D printed PLA specimens. Influence of different infill patterns on tensile strength and impact resistance are also observed. Porous structure of 3D printed PLA specimens is examined and average void area densities are determined via scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Influence of void area density on mechanical properties is investigated. Tensile behaviour of 3D printed PLA parts is simulated with proposed nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous and transfer function models. While stress data and determined void area densities are used as inputs, strain data obtained from tensile tests used as output for the model structures.
Nonlinear behaviour of ion acoustic shock waves in a two-electron temperature nonthermal complex plasma
Authors: Kolay Debaditya , Dutta Debjit
Published: August 2022

The nonlinear propagation of dust-ion-acoustic shock waves (DIASWs) in unmagnetized dusty plasma comprising inertial ions, non-Maxwellian electrons with two distinct temperatures, and negatively charged dust is investigated in this article using a different approach based on the Sagdeev pseudopotential theory. The reductive perturbation approach is used to produce the KdVB and mKdVB equations and a comparison of their analytical and numerical solutions is shown. The effects of various parameters consisting of macroscopic non-thermal, ion-kinematic viscosity, etc. that significantly alternate the qualitative properties of DIASW are discussed. Both oscillatory and monotonic natures of the dispersive-diffusive shock wave structures are described in the present study. It has also been concentrated on nonlinear dynamics in such a plasma environment. The findings of this study should aid in understanding the nonlinear dynamics of wave damping and interactions in space and laboratory dusty plasmas, where the most relevant plasma parameters are kinematic viscosity and macroscopic non-thermality.
Early onset obesity due to a mutation in the human leptin receptor gene
Authors: Chaves Carolina , Kay Teresa , Anselmo João
Published: August 2022

Leptin is secreted by adipocytes in response to fat storage and binds to its receptor (LEPR), which is ubiquitously expressed throughout the body. Leptin regulates energy expenditure and is anorexigenic. In this study, we describe the clinical and hormonal findings of three siblings with a personal history of rapid weight gain during the first months of life. They had delayed puberty, high levels of FSH (15.6 ± 3.7 mUI/mL; reference: 1.5–12.4) and LH (12.3 ± 2.2 mUI/mL; reference: 1.7–8.6), normal oestradiol and total testosterone and successful fertility. None of the patients had dyslipidemia, diabetes or thyroid disease. Next-generation sequencing identified a pathogenic homozygous variant c.2357T>C, p.(Leu786Pro) in LEPR. Their parents and children were heterozygous for this mutation. We compared clinical and biochemical findings of homozygous carriers with first-degree heterozygous family members and ten randomly selected patients with adult-onset morbid obesity. Homozygous carriers of the mutation had significantly higher BMI (32.2 ± 1.7 kg/m2 vs 44.5 ± 7.1 kg/m2, P = 0.023) and increased serum levels of leptin (26.3 ± 9.3 ng/mL vs 80 ± 36.4 ng/mL, P = 0.028) than their heterozygous relatives. Compared with the ten patients with adult-onset morbid obesity, serum levels of leptin were not significantly higher in homozygous carriers (53.8 ± 24.1 ng/mL vs 80 ± 36.4 ng/mL, P = 0.149), and thus serum levels of leptin were not a useful discriminative marker of LEPR mutations. We described a rare three-generation family with monogenic obesity due to a mutation in LEPR. Patients with early onset obesity should be considered for genetic screening, as the identification of mutations may allow personalized treatment options (e.g. MC4R-agonists) and targeted successful weight loss.

Learning points

The early diagnosis of monogenic forms of obesity can be of great interest since new treatments for these conditions are becoming available.

Since BMI and leptin levels in patients with leptin receptor mutations are not significantly different from those found in randomly selected morbid obese patients, a careful medical history is mandatory to suspect this condition.

Loss of leptin receptor function has been associated with infertility. However, our patients were able to conceive, emphasizing the need for genetic counselling in affected patients with this condition.
Novel TSHB variant (c.217A>C) causing severe central hypothyroidism and pituitary hyperplasia
Authors: Kaplan Adam I , Luxford Catherine , Clifton-Bligh Roderick J
Published: August 2022

Biallelic pathological variants in the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) subunit β gene (TSHB) result in isolated TSH deficiency and secondary hypothyroidism, a rare form of central congenital hypothyroidism (CCH), with an estimated incidence of 1 in 65 000 births. It is characterised by low levels of free thyroxine and inappropriately low serum TSH and may therefore be missed on routine neonatal screening for hypothyroidism, which relies on elevated TSH. We describe a patient with CCH who developed recurrence of pituitary hyperplasia and symptomatic hypothyroidism due to poor compliance with thyroxine replacement. She was diagnosed with CCH as a neonate and had previously required trans-sphenoidal hypophysectomy surgery for pituitary hyperplasia associated with threatened chiasmal compression at 17 years of age due to variable adherence to thyroxine replacement. Genetic testing of TSHB identified compound heterozygosity with novel variant c.217A>C, p.(Thr73Pro), and a previously reported variant c.373delT, p.(Cys125Valfs*10). Continued variable adherence to treatment as an adult resulted in recurrence of significant pituitary hyperplasia, which subsequently resolved with improved compliance without the need for additional medications or repeat surgery. This case describes a novel TSHB variant associated with CCH and demonstrates the importance of consistent compliance with thyroxine replacement to treat hypothyroidism and prevent pituitary hyperplasia in central hypothyroidism.

Learning points

Pathogenic variants in the TSH subunit β gene (TSHB) are rare causes of central congenital hypothyroidism (CCH).

c.217A>C, p.(Thr73Pro), is a novel TSHB variant, presented in association with CCH in this case report.

Thyroxine replacement is critical to prevent clinical hypothyroidism and pituitary hyperplasia.

Pituitary hyperplasia can recur post-surgery if adherence to thyroxine replacement is not maintained.

Pituitary hyperplasia can dramatically reverse if compliance with thyroxine replacement is improved to maintain free thyroxine (FT4) levels in the middle-to-upper normal range, without the need for additional medications or surgeries.
Bisphosphonate-induced atypical femoral fracture in tandem: long-term follow-up is warranted
Authors: Hussain Mohammed Anwar , Joseph Aneez , Cherian Vinoo Mathew , Srivastava Alok , Cherian Kripa Elizabeth , Kapoor Nitin , Paul Thomas Vizhalil
Published: August 2022

Although bisphosphonates (BPs) are mainly used for the treatment of osteoporosis and are generally safe, long-term use and more dosage as utilised in malignant conditions may be associated with the rare adverse event of an atypical femoral fracture (AFF). Occasionally, the risk of developing an AFF persists long after BPs are withdrawn. A 39-year-old woman who underwent chemotherapy and an autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma presented to us with history of pain in the left thigh. She had received multiple doses of oral and parenteral BPs for about 10 years in view of the underlying myeloma with osteoporosis. Her investigations showed a suppressed CTX of 192 pg/mL, and radiograph of pelvis displayed thickened cortices with beaking of the left femoral shaft, which was suggestive of an AFF. Following discontinuation of BPs, she underwent prophylactic intra-medullary nailing with which her symptoms improved. Five years later, she presented with similar complaints on the right side. Investigations showed that her bone turnover continued to be suppressed with Cross linked C- Telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) of 165 pg/mL and an X-ray done showed AFF on the right side despite being off BPs. A second intra-medullary nailing was done and on follow-up, she has been symptom-free and independent in her daily activities. Discontinuation of BPs may not prevent the incident second AFF and, therefore, thus warranting long-term follow-up.

Learning points

Regular screening and follow-up of patients who receive long-term bisphosphonate (BP) therapy should be done.

Discontinuation of BPs does not preclude the possibility of repeated occurrence of a second AFF.

Long-term BP therapy warrants regular monitoring and follow-up should an AFF occur
No evidence for age-related differences in mitochondrial RNA quality in the female germline
Authors: Hartley Fiona , Alageel Arwa , Appeltant Ruth , Gray Nicki , Repapi Emmanouela , Wells Dagan , Williams Suzannah A , Poulton Joanna
Published: August 2022

Graphical abstract

Mitochondrial quality is implicated as a contributor to declining fertility with aging. We investigated mitochondrial transcripts in oocytes and their associated cumulus cells from mice of different ages using RNA-seq. Mice aged 3 weeks, 9 weeks, and 1 year were superovulated, and 48 h later, oocyte cumulus complexes were collected by follicle puncture. We did not detect any major differences that could be attributed to aging. However, mitochondrial RNA transcripts which deviated from the consensus sequence were found at a higher frequency in cumulus cells than in their corresponding oocyte. Previous investigations have shown that variation in the sequence of mtRNA transcripts is substantial, and at least some of this can be accounted for by post-transcriptional modifications which impact base calling during sequencing. Our data would be consistent with either less post-transcriptional modification in mitochondrial RNA from oocytes than cumulus cells or with lower mtDNA mutational load.

Lay summary

Women become less fertile as they age. Shortage of energy contributes to this, caused by a decline in the quality of mitochondria (the powerhouses of the cell) in the egg. Genes are the blueprint for the cell. They are made of DNA which is copied into an RNA message, or instructions, for making proteins. We counted differences in the RNA message of developing eggs and the cells that support them during development (cumulus cells). We compared the number of these differences in mice of different ages. These age groups represent mice had not reached puberty, those of prime reproductive age, and old mothers. We did not find any differences linked to the age of the mice. However, we did find differences between the egg and the cumulus cells. In most cases, there were lower levels of mutations in eggs than there were in cumulus cells.
0-15 Yaş Grubu Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerin Sosyodemografik Özellikleri ile COVID-19 Pandemi Döneminde Çocuk Diş Hekimliğine Olan Yaklaşımları ve Bilgi Düzeylerinin Kıyaslanması
Authors: ÇAKIR Asu , YILDIRIM Sibel
Published: August 2022

Öz
Amaç: COVID-19 salgını döneminde ebeveynlerin, pandemi önlemleri doğrultusunda çocuklarının ağız sağlığına verdikleri önemin ve mevcut ağız sağlığı durumunun sosyodemografik özelliklerle kıyaslanarak saptanması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve yöntemler: Araştırma, 0-15 yaş grubu çocuğu olan 530 gönüllü ebeveynin katılımı ile online anket yoluyla yapılmıştır. Anketin sonuçları ki-kare testi ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada çocuğunuz COVID-19 pandemi döneminden ruhsal olarak etkilendi mi sorusuna toplam 530 katılımcının % 62.5’i evet, % 37.5’i hayır olarak cevap vermiştir. Bu anketi 259 erkek, 271 kadın cevaplamış ve erkek ebeveynlerin % 59.1’i kadın ebeveynlerin % 65,7’si bu soruya evet cevabı vermiştir.
Bunun yanısıra çalışmada, ebeveynlerin sosyodemografik durumları ile çocuğunu düzenli diş hekimine götürme durumu, çocuklarının ağzında çürük varlığı ve pandemi döneminde çocuğunuzu diş hekimine götürür müsünüz sorularındaki ilişkiler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p<0.05).
Sonuç: COVID-19 salgınında toplumun sosyodemografik durumu ile sağlık arasındaki ilişki daha önceki yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarla uyumlu bulunmuştur. Bu konuda bireysel önlemlerin artırılması, toplumsal farkındalık oluşmasına yönelik çalışmalar yapılmasının yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was aimed to determine the importance given to oral health by parents, pandemic measures and the oral health status by comparing them with their sociodemographic characteristics.
Methods: The research was conducted with the participation of 530 volunteer parents, children aged 0-15, through an online survey. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed by the chi-square test.
Results: To the question of whether your child was psychologically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, 62.5 % of 530 participants answered yes and 37.5 % answered no. 259 males and 271 females answered this questionnaire and 59.1 % of male parents and 65.7 % of female parents answered yes to this question.
In addition, the relationship between the sociodemographic status of the parents and the status of taking their children to the dentist regularly, caries in their children’s mouth and whether to take them to the dentist during the pandemic were found significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The relationship between sociodemographic status and health that occurred in the COVID-19 outbreak found in previous studies. It is thought that is beneficial to increase the measures on this subject and to carry out studies to create social awareness.
DENTOMAKSİLLOFASİYAL RADYOLOJİDE YAPAY ZEKA UYGULAMALARININ ROLÜ: BÖLÜM 1
Authors: ŞENER Elif , BAKSİ ŞEN Güniz
Published: August 2022

Günümüzde bilgisayar destekli görüntüleme teknikleri ve görüntü analiz yöntemlerinin kullanımının hızlanması; konvansiyonel hasta tedavi yaklaşımını da değiştirmiştir. Gerek medikal gerekse dental tanı ve tedavi planlamasında yararlanılan yapay zeka uygulamaları; hayatımızın her alanında olduğu gibi dental alanda da devrim yaratmıştır. İnsan zekasını taklit eden ve topladıkları bilgilere göre yinelemeli olarak kendilerini geliştirebilen sistemler anlamına gelen yapay zeka; hız artışı, yüksek başarı, düşük maliyet, ulaşılabilirlik ve işlerde optimizasyon gibi birçok avantajı ile günümüzde sağlık alanında giderek daha sıklıkla kullanılır hale gelmektedir. Bundan en çok etkilenecek disiplinlerin başında temel tanıya destek olan ve diğer tüm disiplinlere tanısal açıdan destek veren radyolojidir. Bu derlemenin amacı; dişhekimliğinin farklı disiplinlerinde radyolojik verilerden yararlanılarak gerçekleştirilen yapay zeka uygulamalarının tanı ve tedavi aşamalarındaki avantaj, dezavantaj ve sınırlıklarını tartışmaktır.
Frequency spectrum and group velocities of acoustic phonons in PbI2 nanofilms
Authors: Petryk Ivan , Lutsiuk Yuriy , Kramar Valeriy
Published: August 2022

Using the elastic continuum approach, an energy spectrum and spectral dependences of a group velocities of confined acoustic phonons in planar quasi-two-dimensional nanostructures (nanofilms) of hexagonal symmetry of the 2H-PbI2 type were studied by methods of the theory of elasticity. It is shown that the energy and propagation velocity of vibrational modes for all branches of the phonon spectrum in these type nanostructures are nonlinear functions of a magnitude of a wave vector and a thickness of the nanofilm. The obtained results can be used to analyze an influence of acoustic phonons on a course of phenomena of thermal and electrical conductivity, carrier scattering and optical absorption in nanostructures, components of which are thin layers of lead iodide.
Dificultades en la comprensión lectora de niños con TDAH
Authors: Martínez Hernández Ingrid María , Acosta Silva David Arturo
Published: August 2022

Los niños diagnosticados con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) experimentan múltiples dificultades durante el aprendizaje de la lectura, en especial con los componentes del lenguaje que permiten un buen desarrollo del proceso lector. En este sentido, el interés de este trabajo fue evaluar la sintaxis y la semántica como componentes del lenguaje fundamentales para la comprensión lectora. Se aplicó la batería PROLEC-R a 37 niños (entre 6 - 13 años) diagnosticados con TDAH y se analizaron los índices principales junto a los baremos para determinar en qué componente lingüístico se ubica la mayor complejidad. Los resultados sugieren que los niños tienen mayores dificultades en lo sintáctico, referido a estructurar oraciones y aplicar los signos de puntuación. Por lo tanto, si se refuerza el componente sintáctico los niños con TDAH, podrían mejorar en la comprensión lectora.
Avaliação psicológica no contexto do luto infantil: contribuições da Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano
Authors: De Jesus Saraiva Menezes Karolline , Callegaro Borsa Juliane
Published: August 2022

A avaliação psicológica infantil é um processo dinâmico que envolve a identificação e análise de diferentes características biopsicossociais associadas ao desenvolvimento humano. No contexto do luto, esse processo possibilita investigar os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de complicações, planejar ações preventivas e contribuir para a experiência do luto. Este artigo visa apresentar a pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida a partir da avaliação psicológica de duas crianças em luto decorrente da morte de familiares, a qual foi discutida à luz da Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano. Notou-se a relevância do processo avaliativo e da adoção da referida teoria no contexto do luto, pois contemplaram os componentes individuais e contextuais associados às perdas, que podem contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de vida das crianças enlutadas.
¿Qué implica disfrutar del deporte? Presentación de un instrumento para su evaluación
Authors: Schmidt Vanina , Molina Fernanda , Raimundi Julia , Celsi Ignacio , González Liotard Alejandra , Pérez Gaido Mauro , García Arabehety María
Published: August 2022

El disfrute es una de las razones más fuertes para involucrarse en una actividad deportiva. ¿Pero cómo se puede definir conceptual y operacionalmente este constructo? El objetivo del presente estudio fue indagar con enfoque mixto los componentes del disfrute en el deporte. En el primer estudio participaron deportistas federados del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA, Argentina) (n = 9). Se utilizó una entrevista semi-estructurada y se identificaron las categorías que describen la experiencia de disfrute, tales como, afecto positivo, involucramiento y experiencia autotélica. Los participantes refirieron además sentirse realizados a nivel personal. Por otro lado, en el segundo estudio participaron 362 jóvenes (57.2 % hombres y 42.8 % mujeres) de 14 a 29 años de distintos clubes del AMBA. Para este estudio se operacionalizaron las categorías del primer estudio, a través de 29 ítems, con una escala Likert de cinco puntos de acuerdo. El análisis factorial exploratorio arrojó dos factores que explicaron el 58.8 % de la varianza a través de 17 ítems. La confiabilidad de cada subescala fue alta. El disfrute puede conocerse a través de dos subescalas: afecto positivo e involucramiento. Un factor adicional emergió de los análisis: el sentido de realización personal. Los factores del disfrute correlacionaron positivamente con este último, con el compromiso en el deporte y con el Flow total. Posteriores estudios permitirán conocer otros indicadores de validez de la escala y su uso en diversos contextos.
Las publicaciones científicas en psicología en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Aguilar Bustamante María Constanza
Published: August 2022

The pandemic we are experiencing has impacted us all in our daily lives, our families, and societies in general; it has also affected the economy, politics, and, of course, the academic world, which has not escaped the consequences. Thus, all the training processes in universities have changed and will continue to change the relationships with students, teachers, and administrators, all mediated by virtuality. Now we will surely see hybrid models and will have to continue learning, evaluating, and changing to improve. In this sense, research and scientific communication processes have also changed.
Técnicas y estrategias implementadas en la intervención con familias en temas de crianza
Authors: Bedoya Cardona Ledy Maryory , Herrera Rivera Ovidio
Published: August 2022

Este artículo distingue algunas estrategias y técnicas privilegiadas por los profesionales del área psicosocial (psicología, trabajo social, desarrollo familiar y terapia familiar) que trabajan con familias que consultan por temas relacionados con la crianza. Bajo un enfoque metodológico cualitativo y el uso del análisis de contenido como método principal, los resultados dan cuenta de estrategias y técnicas dirigidas a familias, niños y padres o cuidadores, en correspondencia con el modelo clínico de enfoque sistémico y conductual; el modelo educativo (informativo, instructivo) y el modelo comunitario. Se concluye la importancia de fomentar la autobservación en el ejercicio profesional, en el cual es vigente el acompañamiento familiar de múltiples formas, como intervenciones focalizadas, interdisciplinares y domiciliarias, con talleres, el uso de preguntas circulares y el genograma, entre otras técnicas que requieren implementaciones responsables, en el marco de conversaciones reflexivas.
Composición corporal y hábitos alimentarios en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Parada Sánchez Héctor Daniel , Gálvez Pardo Ángela Yazmín
Published: August 2022

Los riesgos en el estilo de vida durante la adolescencia y el inicio de la adultez son latentes, debido a que se presenta una serie de cambios en el proceso de desarrollo, relacionados con la alimentación y la actividad física, entre otros. El objetivo de este artículo fue caracterizar el componente antropométrico, junto con los hábitos alimentarios de dulces y bebidas en estudiantes de tercer semestre de la Facultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación de la Universidad Santo Tomás, sede Bogotá. El estudio fue cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental, transeccional descriptivo. A la muestra, conformada por 30 universitarios, se le aplicó un cuestionario de hábitos alimenticios y una valoración antropométrica. El porcentaje de grasa corporal de las mujeres (23.5±5.7) fue mayor al de los hombres (11.5±4.5); la masa muscular de los hombres fue mayor (54.9±7.2) al promedio de las mujeres (39.5±2.4). El consumo de dulces fue bajo; los mayores porcentajes de frecuencia de consumo estuvieron en ítems de nunca o menos de una vez al mes, mientras que para bebidas la mayor frecuencia fue más de seis veces al día. En los hombres, el porcentaje de grasa corporal en su mayoría se presentó dentro de los rangos óptimo y delgadez, mientras que en las mujeres se ubicó entre los niveles ligero sobrepeso y obesidad.
Periodização para o esporte contemporâneo
Authors: Marques Junior Nelson Kautzner
Published: August 2022

O objetivo desta revisão é descrever como atingir o pico da forma esportiva, selecionar o tipo de periodização conforme a necessidade de treino e saber usar a periodização de acordo com a carga. Nos anos 1950 e 1960, os estudos científicos da escola socialista do treinamento esportivo permitiram que a carga de treino fosse organizada com embasamento científico nos microciclos da periodização esportiva. Nove tipos de periodização objetivam o pico da forma esportiva; os pesquisadores dessas concepções são Matveev, Arosiev e Kalinin, Vorobiev, Tschiene, Verkhoshanski, Bompa, Issurin e Kaverin, Seirul-lo Vargas e Navarro. O pico é atingido com uma adequada carga de treino e com um descanso planejado. Os jogos esportivos e os esportes de combate merecem usar um tipo de periodização conforme a necessidade do atleta é importante o treinador conhecer a carga de treino de cada concepção de periodização para estruturar esse conteúdo do treinamento. O treino multifásico atualmente vem sendo desenvolvido em Cuba, onde a estruturação do trabalho geralmente é com duas cargas de treino. Em conclusão, a periodização é um conteúdo que necessita cada vez mais estudo para os treinadores estruturarem com alta qualidade o treinamento dos esportistas dos jogos esportivos e dos esportes de combate.
Efectividad de la hipnosis en el manejo de la ansiedad en bateadores desde la medicina natural y tradicional
Authors: Ross Guerrero Ernesto , Cobián Mena Alberto E.
Published: August 2022

El bateador, al llegar al cajón de bateo, se encuentra entre las más variadas influencias interpersonales y ambientales que lo rodean. Estas influencias son estresantes y generan ansiedad, y si ese bateador no tiene los mecanismos psicológicos para contrarrestarlas, afectará su atención y la realización de su tarea, lo que puede ocasionar estados depresivos o malestares generales por no lograr el rendimiento deportivo esperado. Por tal motivo, el objetivo principal de esta investigación fue evaluar la efectividad de un plan de intervención psicológica con hipnosis como modalidad terapéutica para favorecer la regulación de la ansiedad en los bateadores del equipo de béisbol categoría social de Santiago de Cuba en el periodo 2019-2020. En esta investigación se utilizó la metodología cuanti-cualitativa, no probabilística, intencionada, descriptiva, preexperimental y un estudio aplicado. Los resultados diagnósticos obtenidos revelan, en un primer corte, una considerable disminución de los efectos psicosomáticos de la ansiedad en los bateadores, así como su capacidad de identificar los síntomas de la ansiedad tanto a nivel psicológico como fisiológico y conductual, lo que favorece su accionar en la regulación de estos síntomas antes, durante y después del momento del bateo.
Comunicación dialógica en el profesor de fútbol
Authors: Cabrera Acosta Rosa Elvira , Sierra Barbado Carlos Roberto , Bestard Revilla Alina
Published: August 2022

La presente investigación aporta un modelo pedagógico para potenciar las habilidades y capacidades dialógicas centradas en lo comunicativo hacia el modo de actuación profesional del profesor de fútbol, la cual constituye un punto de partida para la comprensión del proceso de intervención comunicativo dialógico en situaciones verbales directas y del carácter complejo del proceso. Por esta razón, su intencionalidad pedagógica radica en modelar los procederes para la aprehensión de los saberes de la práctica de habilidades y capacidades comunicativas dialógicas en la transformación del modo de actuación profesional en condiciones del entrenamiento deportivo como expresión del subsistema teórico-conceptual, donde se desarrolla la cultura de participación de la actividad deportiva, la cual expresa la relación dialéctica que se establece entre el proceso epistémico-metodológico de la significatividad individualizada creciente desde la cultura comunicacional y el proceso de aprehensión subjetiva-objetiva de saberes de la práctica comunicativa dialógica desde la experiencia interpretativa que exigen un saber, saber hacer y un querer hacer comunicativo dialógico pertinente. Se utilizaron métodos como análisis-síntesis, inductivo-deductivo, sistémico-estructural-funcional, análisis documental y la observación participativa.
Caracterización de la gestión financiera para las empresas del sector de construcción del municipio de San Gil, Santander, Colombia
Authors: Castillo Tavera Fernando
Published: August 2022

El principal objetivo de esta investigación consistió en realizar una caracterización de la gestión financiera realizada por las empresas pertenecientes al sector construcción del municipio de San Gil, Santander, Colombia, determinando en un primer momento las principales herramientas dentro de un modelo de gestión financiera integral a nivel de planeación, organización, dirección y control dentro de un proceso administrativo eficiente. Para lograr lo anterior, se realizó una investigación de tipo analítico-descriptivo, con un enfoque cualitativo, partiendo de la recolección de información primaria y secundaria que permitió no solo identificar, sino también analizar en las empresas seleccionadas el componente administrativo, el componente técnico, el componente legal, al igual que las herramientas administrativas y financieras aplicadas dentro de cada proceso. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se identificó que existe un porcentaje significativo de empresas con falencias frente al uso de ciertas herramientas administrativas y financieras básicas a la hora de tomar decisiones oportunas y acertadas que generen valor a la organización como el análisis DOFA, el análisis AMOFITH, los sistemas de control interno, el cuadro de mando integral, el uso eficiente de la información financiera y el uso de ciertos indicadores financieros básicos entre otros. Además, es importante que las organizaciones cuenten con las herramientas tecnológicas necesarias para que el proceso administrativo sea mucho más eficiente. Por lo anterior, contar con una estructura organizacional definida a través de un organigrama, con manuales de procesos y procedimientos junto con un software operativo y financiero eficiente, marcará la diferencia a nivel una buena gestión financiera.
Arraigo y desarraigo de las prácticas alimentarias en la población afrodescendiente de Santiago de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Angarita Ossa Jhon Jairo , Escobar Rivera Juan Carlos , Castellanos Peñalosa Ruby Elisabeth , Aguirre Santafé Luz Adriana
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: presentar el impacto en las prácticas alimentarias de familias con niñas y niños en primera infancia, migrantes en la ciudad de Cali. Metodología: se desarrolló una investigación en el campo de los estudios culturales con enfoque cualitativo y método etnográfico a partir de la interpretación de las voces de mujeres provenientes del pacífico colombiano y participantes de talleres de formación en cocina tradicional del SENA, así mismo, de la propuesta piloto de un menú diferencial del pacífico para la primera infancia afrodescendiente, en el cual se exploró la reconstrucción de la memoria sensitiva, su historia gustativa y sus tradiciones alimentarias. Resultados: las prácticas alimentarias de la cocina afrodescendiente del Pacífico forman parte del patrimonio cultural inmaterial de Colombia, estas se encuentran en continua tensión por factores como la globalización, la pérdida de la biodiversidad en los territorios, la frágil seguridad alimentaria de las comunidades y el desplazamiento al que se ven enfrentados los pobladores a causa de la pobreza y el conflicto armado. Conclusiones: las familias afrodescendiente migrantes a la ciudad de Cali se encuentran bajo condiciones de desarraigo cultural, sin embargo, se encuentran estrategias y formas de anteponerse a la perdida de sus tradiciones alimentarias a partir de la memoria y las prácticas de reconstrucción de la cultura en el nuevo territorio.
Cerebro al Parque: importancia de las funciones ejecutivas del cerebro en básica primaria. Una estrategia mediada por TIC para la gestión docente
Authors: Ibagón Rojas Liliana , Villarreal Buitrago Maribel Viviana
Published: August 2022

Las funciones ejecutivas (FE) del cerebro son habilidades que influyen en el desempeño académico y social de los seres humanos. El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar un plan de formación docente mediado por las TIC para mejorar las funciones ejecutivas del cerebro en estudiantes de básica primaria, así como una app orientada a los estudiantes de básica primaria que permitirá mejorar sus FE. La metodología que se aborda para este estudio es mixta de alcance descriptivo adoptándose el modelo de evaluación CIPP. Los resultados parciales presentan que las mediaciones TIC (gamificación) integran una estrategia didáctica que mejoran las funciones ejecutivas del cerebro. De igual manera, debe seguir indagando con estrategias que mejoren el control inhibitorio en estudiantes de básica primaria.
Interseccionalidade e lugar de fala
Authors: Costa Antônio Carlos da Rocha
Published: August 2022

Este artigo traz, desde uma perspectiva lógico-hegeliana, uma proposta de articulação operatória das noções de interseccionalidade e lugar de fala, com as quais, muitas vezes, se realizam análises de discursos e de situações sociais. O fundamento da proposta é a sequência de silogismos de ideias que, derivados da Lógica de Hegel, estratificam a noção de mundo em três níveis: mundo do sujeito, mundo do gênero e mundo do espírito. O artigo complementa esse fundamento introduzindo duas operações, particionamento de ideias e superposição de partições de ideias, com as quais é derivado o conceito geral mundo setorial. O artigo mostra, então, como as noções de interseccionalidade e lugar de fala podem ser articuladas operatoriamente pelas três formas particulares e estratificadas desse conceito geral: mundo do sujeito setorial, mundo do gênero setorial e mundo do espírito setorial.
Empreendedorismo sustentável
Authors: Gularte Quintana Cristiane , Silveira Kitzmann Dione Iara
Published: August 2022

Instituições Ensino têm alcançado certa consolidação do tema empreendedorismo, ainda que lentamente para o empreendedorismo sustentável. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a percepção dos discentes de graduação em relação ao empreendedorismo sustentável em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública. Em termos metodológicos trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, que coletou os dados por meio, da aplicação de questionário. Os resultados indicam um desconhecimento sobre o termo empreendedorismo sustentável, assim como o termo sustentabilidade; e falta de interesse nas disciplinas de empreendedorismo em função das metodologias aplicadas em sala de aula. Sendo assim, a contribuição deste estudo está no interesse dos discentes em conhecer o empreendedorismo sustentável, exigindo uma nova postura da universidade no que se refere às aulas de empreendedorismo, sendo preciso inovar, com aulas práticas e dinâmicas direcionada ao compromisso que estas instituições têm com a sociedade.
Palavras-chave: Empreendedorismo Social; Empreendedorismo Sustentável; Instituição de Ensino Superior; Discentes.
Correlating atom probe tomography with x-ray and electron spectroscopies to understand microstructure–activity relationships in electrocatalysts
Authors: Gault Baptiste , Schweinar Kevin , Zhang Siyuan , Lahn Leopold , Scheu Christina , Kim Se-Ho , Kasian Olga
Published: August 2022

The search for a new energy paradigm with net-zero carbon emissions requires new technologies for energy generation and storage that are at the crossroad between engineering, chemistry, physics, surface, and materials sciences. To keep pushing the inherent boundaries of device performance and lifetime, we need to step away from a cook-and-look approach and aim to establish the scientific ground to guide the design of new materials. This requires strong efforts in establishing bridges between microscopy and spectroscopy techniques, across multiple scales. Here, we discuss how the complementarities of x-ray- and electron-based spectroscopies and atom probe tomography can be exploited in the study of surfaces and subsurfaces to understand structure–property relationships in electrocatalysts.

Graphical abstract
The Blind Spot of History: Colonialism in Tabu
Authors: Nagib Lúcia
Published: August 2022

This article looks at the film Tabu (Miguel Gomes, 2012) as an example of the negative use of cinema for realist ends. The film addresses Portugal’s tainted colonial past by means of a relentless questioning of the film medium and its representational properties, whilst the horrors of colonialism in Africa – the main issue at stake – remain conspicuous by their absence. Indeed, Tabu gravitates around an irresistible, all-consuming black hole, where the sombre legacy of colonialism makes itself felt by resisting representation. This article analyses two opposites, but complementary movements in the film: on the one hand, the foreclosure of history, and, on the other, the grounding of the story in the reality of both the objective world and the medium itself. The aim will be to define a possible truth procedure, as defined by Badiou, contained in the film’s self-defeating fantasy.