bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
N95 respirator hybrid decontamination method using Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) coupled with Microwave-Generated Steam (MGS)
Authors: Gopalan Thirumaaran , Muhamad Mohd Ridha , Wai Hoe Victor Chee , Hassandarvish Pouya
Published: February 2024

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has induced a critical supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) especially N95 respirators. Utilizing respirator decontamination procedures to reduce the pathogen load of a contaminated N95 respirator can be a viable solution for reuse purposes. In this study, the efficiency of a novel hybrid respirator decontamination method of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) which utilizes ultraviolet-C (UV-C) rays coupled with microwave-generated steam (MGS) against feline coronavirus (FCoV) was evaluated. The contaminated 3M 1860 respirator pieces were treated with three treatments (UVGI-only, MGS-only, and Hybrid—UVGI + MGS) with variable time. The virucidal activity was evaluated using the TCID50 method. The comparison of decontamination efficiency of the treatments indicated that the hybrid method achieved at least a pathogen log reduction of 4 logs, faster than MGS and UVGI. These data recommend that the proposed hybrid decontamination system is more effective comparatively in achieving pathogen log reduction of 4 logs.
Towards improving online learning in physical education: Gender differences and determinants of motivation, psychological needs satisfaction, and academic achievement in Saudi students
Authors: Frikha Mohamed , Mezghanni Nourhen , Chaâri Nesrine , Ben Said Noureddine , Alibrahim Mohammed S. , Alhumaid Majed M. , Hassan Marwa M. , Alharbi Raghad S. , Amira Mostafa S. , Abouzeid Nasser
Published: February 2024

Studies on students’ perceptions and expectations during physical education (PE) online learning remain scarce. Centered on self-determination theory, the present cross-sectional study aims to identify gender differences and predictors affecting motivation, psychological needs satisfaction (PNS), and academic achievement during PE online learning. Data were collected from Saudi students’ (N = 308, 161 females and 147 males) responses to the PE autonomy, relatedness, competence, and motivation questionnaires. Welch’s t-test for unequal sample sizes, multiple linear regression, and binary logistic regression were used to compare means and to predict the relationships between the independent and dependent variables. The results showed higher autonomy and competence perceptions in female than in male students, but no differences were observed in relatedness. Female students presented higher intrinsic motivations, lower amotivation perceptions than males. However, no gender differences were recorded in extrinsic motivation. Students with less experience in online learning and weak grade point averages (GPAs) are more susceptible to having a high level of amotivation. Gender, GPA, and prior experience with online learning are the common predictors for all PNS and amotivation, while GPA and prior experience with online learning are the determinants of intrinsic motivation. GPA is affected by prior experience with online learning, autonomy, competence, intrinsic motivation, and amotivation. Therefore, teachers are encouraged to adapt their didactic-pedagogical behaviors during PE online learning according to students’ motivation and autonomy perceptions. Structuring teaching activities with more individualized support for autonomy, competence, intrinsic motivation, and students’ online skills/competencies ensures better learning efficiency and academic achievements.
Factors associated with anxiety during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: An analysis of the COVID-19 Citizen Science study
Authors: Cozen Aaron E. , Carton Thomas , Hamad Rita , Kornak John , Faulkner Modrow Madelaine , Peyser Noah D. , Park Soo , Orozco Jaime H. , Brandner Matthew , O’Brien Emily C. , Djibo Djeneba Audrey , McMahill-Walraven Cheryl N. , Isasi Carmen R. , Beatty Alexis L. , Olgin Jeffrey E. , Marcus Gregory M. , Pletcher Mark J.
Published: February 2024

COVID-19 increased the prevalence of clinically significant anxiety in the United States. To investigate contributing factors we analyzed anxiety, reported online via monthly Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7) surveys between April 2020 and May 2022, in association with self-reported worry about the health effects of COVID-19, economic difficulty, personal COVID-19 experience, and subjective social status. 333,292 anxiety surveys from 50,172 participants (82% non-Hispanic white; 73% female; median age 55, IQR 42–66) showed high levels of anxiety, especially early in the pandemic. Anxiety scores showed strong independent associations with worry about the health effects of COVID-19 for oneself or family members (GAD-7 score +3.28 for highest vs. lowest category; 95% confidence interval: 3.24, 3.33; p<0.0001 for trend) and with difficulty paying for basic living expenses (+2.06; 1.97, 2.15, p<0.0001) in multivariable regression models after adjusting for demographic characteristics, COVID-19 case rates and death rates, and personal COVID-19 experience. High levels of COVID-19 health worry and economic stress were each more common among participants reporting lower subjective social status, and median anxiety scores for those experiencing both were in the range considered indicative of moderate to severe clinical anxiety disorders. In summary, health worry and economic difficulty both contributed to high rates of anxiety during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US, especially in disadvantaged socioeconomic groups. Programs to address both health concerns and economic insecurity in vulnerable populations could help mitigate pandemic impacts on anxiety and mental health.
Low serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor may predict poor response to cardiac rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Tsukada Yuya , Nishiyama Yasuhiro , Kishimoto Michiya , Nago Takeshi , Harada Haruhito , Niiyama Hiroshi , Katoh Atsushi , Matsuse Hiroo , Kai Hisashi
Published: February 2024

Background

It has been shown that serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with skeletal muscle energy metabolism and that BDNF is a predictor of mortality in heart failure patients. However, little is known about the relationship between BDNF and cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Therefore, this study retrospectively investigated the effects of baseline serum BDNF levels on the CR-induced exercise capacity improvement in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods

We assigned 99 CVD patients (mean age 71±12 years, male = 60) to Low, Middle, and High groups based on the tertiles of baseline BDNF levels. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was done using supervised bicycle ergometer twice before and after 3 weeks of CR. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) followed by post-hoc analysis using Tukey’s HSD test was conducted to assess the multivariate associations between baseline BDNF levels categorized by BDNF tertiles (as independent variable) and %increases in AT and peak VO2 after 3-week CR (as dependent variables) after adjustment for age and gender (as covariates), as a main statistical analysis of the present study.

Results

The higher the baseline BDNF levels, the better nutritional status evaluated by the CONUT score (p<0.0001). Baseline anaerobic threshold (AT) and peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) were similar among the three groups. ANCOVA followed by post-hoc analysis revealed that age- and gender-adjusted %increases in peak VO2 after 3-week CR were positively associated with baseline BDNF levels (p = 0.0239) and Low BDNF group showed significantly lower %increase in peak VO2 than High BDNF group (p = 0.0197). Significant association was not found between baseline BDNF and %increase in AT (p = 0.1379).

Conclusions

Low baseline BDNF levels were associated with malnutrition in CVD patients. A positive association between baseline BDNF levels and CR-induced increases in peak VO2 was found. It was suggested that CVD patients with low baseline BDNF levels may be poor responders to CR.
Gobernanza en destinos turísticos: el caso de los destinos turísticos inteligentes (DTIs) en España
Authors: Gómez Bruna Diana , Thiel-Ellul Daniela
Published: February 2024

La gobernanza se ha convertido desde los años 90 en uno de los grandes desafíos en el ámbito de los destinos turísticos. Este nuevo estilo de gobierno tiene una gran incidencia en el diseño, implementación y evaluación de las políticas turísticas, siendo necesaria, entre otras cuestiones, la colaboración de los diversos grupos de interés. La presencia de actores muy diversos, con necesidades e intereses a veces confrontados, así como los importantes impactos generados por el turismo y los retos a los que se enfrenta el sector y la sociedad en general, hacen que la operatividad del concepto sea compleja y que se requiera de instrumentos de evaluación para lograr avances hacia la misma. En España, la Secretaría de Estado de Turismo a través de SEGITTUR desarrolla el proyecto de Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes (DTIs) en el que se establece la gobernanza como uno de los cinco grandes pilares del modelo. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar los avances en relación a la gobernanza que están desarrollando los DTIs. Para ello se identifican cuatro dimensiones clave: estrategia y planificación, participación, evaluación del desempeño y transparencia, que son evaluadas con 24 indicadores. A través de una aproximación exploratoria, se analiza la información pública de los DTIs para evaluar sus acciones en cada una de estas dimensiones. Los resultados muestran que los gestores están progresivamente incorporando diferentes instrumentos en torno a la gobernanza si bien todavía hay asuntos en los que se requiere un mayor desarrollo.
Responsabilidad social corporativa y compromiso organizacional en la hotelería. Una revisión sistemática y bibliométrica
Authors: Reyes Rendón Jazmín , Vargas Martínez Elva Esther , Hernández Sánchez Alexis Ricardo
Published: February 2024

La responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) y el compromiso organizacional (CO) son dos pilares de importancia en el sector hotelero que permiten armonizar la relación entre empleado y empleador, al considerar que las prácticas éticas, sociales, y ambientales de la empresa pueden ser determinantes para aumentar la pertinencia del trabajador hacia la organización. El objetivo de esta investigación es proporcionar una base sólida de conocimiento a través de una revisión sistemática y bibliométrica de literatura sobre la RSC y el CO, que identifique oportunidades para el avance teórico y empírico en el contexto hotelero. Para ello, se siguió un proceso metodológico riguroso y predefinido a partir de la metodología PRISMA, utilizando cuatro etapas para su revisión: identificación, cribado, elegibilidad e inclusión. Los criterios para seleccionar los artículos fueron la pertinencia hacia el objeto de estudio y el periodo de publicación (2017-2022). Se analizaron 123 documentos de 490 artículos de la base de datos Scopus, cuyos resultados identifican un avance en la investigación por parte de autores asiáticos; también se reconocen las principales temáticas de contribución en ambas variables, destacando el bienestar laboral como la categoría más tratada y relevante de los estudios. Se concluye que el estudio de las variables de forma conjunta aún es escaso para el contexto hotelero, por lo que se requiere de un mayor análisis; sobre la RSC se identifica que la comunicación de las prácticas a los grupos de interés internos es insuficiente, y el abordaje de los estudios sobre el CO está orientado hacia su dimensión afectiva.
A MULTICENTER LONG-TERM COHORT STUDY OF EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS VARIANTS AND THEIR PROGRESSION TO EOE OVER TIME
Authors: Greuter Thomas , Straumann Alex , Fernandez-Marrero Yuniel , Germic Nina , Hosseini Aref , Chanwangpong Apinya , Yousefi Shida , Simon Dagmar , Collins Margaret H. , Bussmann Christian , Chehade Mirna , Dellon Evan S. , Furuta Glenn T. , Gonsalves Nirmala , Hirano Ikuo , Moawad Fouad J. , Biedermann Luc , Safroneeva Ekaterina , Schoepfer Alain M. , Simon Hans-Uwe
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) variants have been recently characterized as conditions with symptoms of esophageal dysfunction resembling EoE, but absence of significant esophageal eosinophilia. Their disease course and severity have yet to be determined.

METHODS:

Patients from six EoE-centers with symptoms of esophageal dysfunction, but peak eosinophil counts of <15/hpf in esophageal biopsies and absence of gastro-esophageal reflux disease with at least one follow-up visit were included. Clinical, (immuno)-histological and molecular features were determined and compared with EoE and healthy controls.

RESULTS:

We included 54 patients with EoE variants (EoE-like esophagitis 53.7%; lymphocytic esophagitis 13.0%; non-specific esophagitis 33.3%). In 8 EoE-like esophagitis patients, EoE developed after a median of 14 months (IQR 3.6-37.6). Such progression increased over time (17.6% year 1, 32.0% year 3, 62.2% year 6). Sequential RNA sequencing analyses revealed only seven genes associated with this progression (with TSG6 and ALOX15 among the top three upregulated genes) with upregulation of a previously attenuated Th2 pathway. Immunostaining confirmed the involvement of eosinophil-associated proteins (TSG6, ALOX15) and revealed a significantly increased number of GATA3-positive cells during progression indicating a Th1/Th2 switch. Transition from one EoE variant (baseline) to another variant (during follow-up) was seen in 35.2% (median observation time of 17.3 months).

Conclusion:

Transition of EoE variants to EoE suggests the presence of a disease spectrum. Few genes appear to be associated with the progression to EoE with upregulation of a previously attenuated Th2 signal. These genes, including GATA3 as a Th1/Th2 switch regulator, may represent potential therapeutic targets in early disease pathogenesis.
Longitudinal relations between basic psychological need satisfaction, classroom engagement, and achievement: Differences in behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and agentic engagement
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Oh Donghyuk , Lee Seona , Lee Woogul
Published: February 2024

Purpose: In this study, we examined the longitudinal reciprocal relationships between basic
psychological need satisfaction, classroom engagement, and academic achievement. In particular, we
sought to identify the differences in the reciprocal interaction patterns between basic psychological
need satisfaction and classroom engagement depending on behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and agentic
aspects of classroom engagement.
Methods: We analyzed the data of 142 sixth graders, which was collected five times in six weeks
during Science classes. Using the autoregressive cross-lagged panel model, we separately tested the
reciprocal relationships between basic psychological need satisfaction, classroom engagement, and quiz
scores for the four engagement aspects.
Results: The longitudinal reciprocal interactions between basic psychological needs and classroom
engagement showed different patterns depending on four distinct aspects of classroom engagement.
In terms of the behavioral and cognitive aspects, basic psychological need satisfaction and classroom
engagement had reciprocal causal effects, which subsequently influenced achievement. Agentic
engagement only had a longitudinal causal effect on basic psychological need satisfaction, and this
effect led to achievement. In terms of the emotional aspect, basic psychological need satisfaction only
had a longitudinal causal effect on classroom engagement, and this effect did not lead to achievement.
Conclusion: The longitudinal reciprocal interactions of behavioral and cognitive engagement with
basic psychological need satisfaction were consistent with previous findings. There is a need to design
classes so that students can experience satisfactions of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, thereby
eliciting behavioral and cognitive engagement. At the same time, students should be encouraged to
engage more behaviorally and cognitively to enhance their experience of satisfying basic psychological
needs. Findings related to agentic engagement have educational implications in terms of student agency.
That is, classes that provide agentic and proactive roles for students can be classes that support students'
motivation and achievement.
The Theoretical Foundation and Teaching Strategies of Values Analysis Courses
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Lee Jae-Ho , Kim Hang-In
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to theoretically explore issues raised in the transition from
traditional values education to values education based on Western liberal philosophy in the context
of values analysis by focusing on theory and teaching strategies.
Methods: Firstly, the researcher analyzed the research outcomes of values education as a direct target
of curriculum education through investigating values issues. Three fundamental issues arising from
the changing trends in values education were identified. Subsequently, to gain a detailed understanding
of these issues the discussion focused on the theoretical foundation of values analysis and teaching
strategies. The theoretical basis of this theory based on the good reasons approach in analytic ethics
was then examined. Finally in relation to these three issues, teaching strategies of values analysis
were explored.
Results: The two safety devices applied in values analysis teaching strategies, practical judgment,
and value judgment serve as educational prescriptions to minimize limitations that may arise in granting
young students the freedom to choose values. Regarding the relativistic issue of value criteria inherent
in values education based on liberal philosophy, the values analysis theory not only takes a critical
perspective but also applies it as a target for overcoming and implementing teaching strategies. Lastly,
concerning the compatibility issue between granting individuals the freedom to choose values and
establishing the universality of value judgment the values analysis theory applies to teaching strategies
the possibility that both aspects can be pursued and implemented simultaneously, rather than being
mutually exclusive.
Conclusion: It cannot be denied that in the classroom, the act of judging and deciding values is
given to students. The crucial point is to consider how the results of individual judgments can be
universally accepted and to understand values education in the discourse of practice beyond the
discourse of explanation.
Needs Analysis to support job competency of career teachers in operating the high school credit system focusing on career guidance and counseling duties
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Jung Eun-Hee , Choi Yu-Yeon
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The high school credit system, which is a customized curriculum for each student that
values the career design and growth of each student, is expected to be fully implemented in general
high schools from 2025. These institutional changes in secondary education mean that it is necessary
to prepare for the establishment and transformation of teachers and school management systems.
Therefore, this study aimed to redefine the job competencies of high school and middle school career
teachers in the operation of the high school credit system and analyze the educational needs necessary
for job performance.
Methods: The results of 242 career teachers in middle and high school were analyzed. Priority needs
were derived by systematically and comprehensively applying the Borich demand analysis and The
Locus for Focus model analysis to 39 'career guidance and counseling' performance capabilities.
Results: As a result of the study, counseling for undecided students and counseling for students with
low career motivation were the top educational needs of middle and high school career teachers. For
middle school career teachers, instruction, and counseling for selecting subjects suitable for students'
careers and aptitudes, and counseling for career advancement according to future jobs and social changes
were the top educational needs, while for general high school career teachers, instruction, and counseling
to ensure career connection between middle and high school were the top educational needs. For
all middle and high school career teachers, the ability to prepare academic plans, counseling for
undecided students, career-linked counseling for middle and high school students, and counseling for
students with low career motivation were the top educational demands.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it was suggested to provide programs to strengthen
high-demand job competencies, provide new education every year for jobs that want to increase
professionalism, establish an education system suitable for each annual level, and systemize career
counseling records management linking middle and high schools.
Distribusi Barium Terlarut pada Estuari dan Laut Padelegan Kecamatan Pademawu, Kabupaten Pamekasan
Authors: Hidayatullah Muhamad Aziz , Pratiwi Wiwit Sri Werdi , Kartika Ary Giri Dwi , Indriyawati Novi , Efendi Makhfud
Published: February 2024

Barium (Ba) merupakan salah satu elemen minor di perairan laut yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi apabila dimanfaatkan sebagai produk garam turunan. Sumber utama Ba terlarut berasal dari sungai, dan estuari menjalankan peran penting sebagai pengontrol fluktuasi kadar Ba terlarut pada sungai sebelum masuk ke laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar Ba terlarut, distribusi Ba terlarut dan korelasi Ba terlarut dengan salinitas. Kadar Ba terlarut diketahui dari hasil pengujian sampel air laut yang diambil di 9 titik mulai dari daerah estuari hingga laut lepas. Pengujian kadar Ba terlarut menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry sesuai SNI 06-6989.39-2005. Kadar Ba terlarut di Perairan Padelegan berkisar antara 0,009-0,003 mg/L. Hasil visualisasi distribusi kadar Ba terlarut tertinggi berada di estuari dan kadar terendahnya berada di stasiun laut lepas. Distribusi Ba terlarut dari estuari hingga laut lepas menunjukkan kadar yang menurun secara bertahap. Hasil korelasi antara kadar barium terlarut dengan salinitas berbanding lurus yang disebabkan oleh intrusi air laut.  Barium (Ba) is a minor element in marine waters which has high economic value when used as a derivative salt product. The main source of dissolved Ba comes from rivers, and estuaries play an important role as controlling fluctuations in dissolved Ba levels in rivers before they enter the sea. This research aims to determine dissolved Ba levels, dissolved Ba distribution and the correlation of dissolved Ba with salinity. Dissolved Ba levels are known from the results of testing seawater samples taken at 9 points from the estuary area to the open sea. Dissolved Ba levels were tested using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry based on SNI SNI 06-6989.39-2005. Dissolved Ba levels in Padelegan Water range between 0,009-0,003 mg/L. Visualization results of the distribution of the highest dissolved Ba levels are in estuaries and the lowest levels are at open sea. The distribution of dissolved Ba from the estuary to the open sea shows gradually decreasing levels. Correlation results between dissolved barium levels and directly proportional salinity caused by seawater intrusion.
Öröklődő elköteleződések és jogosultságok a székely közösségekben
Authors: Bárth János
Published: February 2024

Inherited Commitments and Rights in the Szekler Communities Studying 18-19th century archival written documents of Székely village communities and parishes, the lucky and attentive researcher can find agreements and settlements that testify to inheritable commitments and acquisition of rights between an individual and a community. The commitment could be made from the point of view of an individual and his descendants, as well as from the point of view of the community. The same can be said about the accrual of a right. Good examples of the individual's commitment are provided by the contracts that perpetuate one way of maintaining and operating the old village gates, in which the village community ensured the performance of the task by donating a piece of land. For the received land, the entrepreneur also undertook the obligation on behalf of his descendants "from heir to son, from survivor to survivor", to take care of, supervise, i.e. "maintain" the village gate. Decades later, this kind of commitment appeared as a living legal custom in the minds of the people of the village. ("The Hajdús, who keep the gate".) The commitment of the community to an individual and his descendants occurred in cases where the individual supported the currently needy community with a relatively large amount (donation of money, land) and thereby acquired inheritable rights. For example, a resident of foreign origin ("Romanian religion"), but wishing to integrate, gave considerable money to the Catholic Szekler religious community for the purchase of a bell, for which the community promised that the new bell would be rung for him and their descendants as well. Such entitlement became natural after decades, as the illing individual soon integrated into the Székely community through the mutual gesture.
Jogszokásgyűjtés és jogszociológia. Tagányi Károly jogszokásgyűjtő programjának nemzetközi előzményeiről
Authors: Bognár Szabina
Published: February 2024

Collection of Legal Customs and Legal Sociology. On the International Antecedents of Károly Tagányi's Legal Customs’ Collection Program Tagányi's legal customs' collection program is a dense historical overview of international research. The question is rightly raised, what became the fate and afterlife of the research listed in Tagányi's program. At the same time as the first collections of European legal customs, Eugen Ehrlich formulated the concept of living law, with which he founded the science of Legal Sociology. The relationship between Legal Sociology and the legal customs' collections is still determined by the priority debate that developed around the work of Ehrlich and Bogisié. Based on this discussion, the present study shows the present-day evaluation of the legal customs' collections described by Tagányi.
Jog és irodalom a ponyván. Népi jogtudat, jogi meret és jogi szocializáció a 19. század végén
Authors: Domokos Mariann
Published: February 2024

Law and literature in popular readings. Legal consciousness, legal knowledge and legal socialisation at the end of the 19th century. The paper aims to highlight a barely known corpus, a group of sources of Hungarian popular education readings. By analysing the 'Histories, Songs' series of cheap prints, it examines how the emerging modern bourgeois state tried to promote the application and enforcement of law in a practical way, through legal education at the end of the 19th century.
A gyámok kötelezettsége a 18–19. században
Authors: Homoki-Nagy Mária
Published: February 2024

Die Pflicht der Erziehungsberechtigten liegt am 18/19. Jahrhundert lm Laufe der Jahrhunderte galten die im Privatrecht des Adels geltenden Regeln auch für die Privatrechtsverhaltnisse der Leibeigenen. Der Unterschied bestand darin, dass im 18. Jahr- hundert die Regel allgemein wurde, dass das Erbe verwaister Leibeigener versteigert und das Geld in den Waisenkasse eingezahlt wurde. Die Studie stellt das Schicksal der Leibeigenenwai- sen und deren vaterliches Erbe in der spaten Ordenszeit anhand von Beispielen aus archiva- lisch aufbewahrten Gerichtsdokumenten dar.
„Törvényt szabni az asszonyoknak” Egy 18. századi jogszabálygyűjtemény jogi kultúrtörténeti és jogi néprajzi adatai
Authors: Nagy Janka Teodóra
Published: February 2024

"Making a law for women" - legal cultural history and legal ethnographic data on an 18th century lawbook Farkas Cserei Nagy-ajtai (1719-1782) wrote a book between 1760 and 1770: "The Law of Hungarian and Szekler Women" (Kolozsvár, 1800). This lawbook contains laws, customary law, statutes and case law defining the legal status of Hungarian and Szekler women (wives, daughters, orphans, widows) of the nobility and urban citizens until 1744. The legal cultural historical significance of the book is that it contributes to the development of Hungarian legal language. The legal ethnographic significance is that, by explaining the legislation of women's personal, matrimonial property and inheritance matters, it describes in detail the living legal customs and legal folk customs of the 18th century.
A jegyesség a szatmári népi jogszokásokban Luby Margit gyűjtései és a korabeli magyar joggyakorlat tükrében
Authors: Sallai Balázs
Published: February 2024

Betrothal in Szatmár Region’s Legal Customs in the Light of Margit Luby's Collections and Contemporary Hungarian Legal Practice The aim of this paper is to show how the institution of betrothal appeared in the legal customs of the Szatmár region, primarily by exploring the relevant material in the manuscript legacy of Margit Luby. ln this context l examine the creation, legal binding force, termination of betrothal.
Teacher resilience and the challenges of remote learning: An analysis of perspectives from ELT practitioners
Authors:   Medical University of Białystok, Poland, Dudzik Agnieszka , Dzięcioł-Pędich Agnieszka ,   University of Białystok, Poland
Published: February 2024

It seems that the ELT 3 world is mostly focused on language learner resilience: students are encouraged to build their resilience to enhance the learning process and improve their mental health. The question arises, however, of what the importance of resilience for language teachers is, especially within the context of online education necessitated by the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim of this article is to present the results of a research project conducted among an international group of English language teachers. The respondents were asked how they understand the concept of resilience, what challenges they had to overcome when they were teaching online, what strategies for dealing with stress they used, and how their learners’ adaptation to online education affected their mental wellbeing. Based on the research results, some practical solutions are suggested that might be of use for educators teaching online.
Introduction to Symposium
Authors:   WIGGINS TEAPE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LTD., BEACONSFIELD, Rance H. F.
Published: February 2024

Despite considerable advance during the last twenty years in the technology of paper and papermaking, there has been scarcely any explicit consideration of the subject that underlies all of our knowledge and all of our problems in these fields the structure of paper. A brief survey of papermaking literature brings home forcibly our state of ignorance . None of the classic reference or textbooks includes even a reference to structure in its contents list or index. Even the few papers explicitly referring in their titles to structural considerations are indexed under alternative headings . An enquirer from another industry or technology might be forgiven for inferring that paper is a structureless body defying the normal laws of physical analysis and description! This is an exaggeration, of course, for ideas about structure are implicit in a wide range of theories, discussions and practical operations on paper and papermaking, but the absence of explicit reference to structure does clearly indicate the superficial and empirical nature of our current knowledge and of the technology of paper and papermaking. At the same time, there are now many indications of a revolutionary change in this situation.
General Principles of Adhesion with Particular Reference to the Hydrogen Bond
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, INTERDISCIPLINARY MATERIALS RESEARCH CENTRE, RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, TROY, N.Y., U.S.A., Nissan A. H.
Published: February 2024

A study of the morphology and energetics of fracture can shed some light on adhesion . Two approaches are made and both lead to the same general conclusions . In the first, the fracture of liquids of increasing viscosities or their cavitation leads to the ideas that fracture of polymers is governed by flaws or imperfections, not by molecular parameters. The second approach is that of Griffith, who postulated his now famous ‘crack theory’. The fracture of materials is again seen as a statistically controlled process dependent on the presence of flaws. Qualitatively, it is known that fracture of paper is explicable by stochastic considerations, too; however, quantitatively, the crack or flow theory fails. In order to explain the mechanical failure of paper, it becomes necessary to apply the statistical approach to the bonds between the molecules . These are the hydrogen bonds joining cellulose molecules together. It is found that, if a variance is assumed to exist around the mean value of the bond energy, the rupture energy of paper can be related to its content of hydrogen bonds. Thus, the adhesion of the elements of paper is quantitatively explicable in terms of characteristics of this bond.
Statistical Geometry of a Fibrous Network
Authors:   IGGINS TEAPE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LTD., BEACONSFIELD, Corte H. , Kallmes O. J. ,   T. REGIS PAPER CO., WEST NYACK, N.Y , U.S.A.
Published: February 2024

The statistical geometry of fibrous networks is described in terms of the fibre and sheet dimensions and geometric probability. The method has been developed for random- two-dimensional structures and extended to cover deviations from randomness (orientation and flocculation). It is also applied to a multiplanar structure as a first approximation to three-dimensional structures . Further approximations to three-dimensional networks are discussed. Experimental results for two-dimensional structures are presented.
Electron Microscope 2- and 3-Dimensional Classification of Fibre Bonding
Authors:   INSTITUTE OF CELLULOSE CHEMISTRY WITH WOOD RESEARCH DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DARMSTADT, GERMANY, Jayme G. , Hunger G. ,   INSTITUTE OF CELLULOSE CHEMISTRY WITH WOOD RESEARCH DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DARMSTADT, GERMANY
Published: February 2024

Using a technique developed by the authors, an examination by electron microscopy of coniferous wood tracheids has shown that the secondary alterations in the texture of the cell wall layers during drying play an important role in fibre-to-fibre bonding. Differences between late wood and early wood are indicated, together with the typical behaviour of each of the cell wall layers in such bonding. The effects of beating, of drying a sheet of paper and reforming it from the disintegrated pulp are dealt with, particularly regarding their influence on sheet strength.
A Study of Fibre-to-Fibre Bonding by Direct Observation
Authors:   BRITISH PAPER AND BOARD INDUSTRY 'RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, KENLEY, Page D. H. , Tydeman P. A. ,   BRITISH PAPER AND BOARD INDUSTRY 'RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, KENLEY, Hunt M. ,   BRITISH PAPER AND BOARD INDUSTRY 'RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, KENLEY
Published: February 2024

An examination has been made of the size and shape of fibre-to fibre bonds and their frequency of occurrence in paper sheets. Definitions have been proposed for parameters associated with these bond properties. The effects of beating and drying tension on these parameters have been investigated and the likely effect of other papermaking variables has been considered. The significance of the parameters in controlling the physical properties of paper is discussed.
Some Theoretical Considerations on the Mechanical Properties of Fibrous Structures
Authors:   PHYSICS GROUP, THE INSTITUTE OF PAPER CHEMISTRY, APPLETON, WIS., U.S.A., Van Den Akker J. A.
Published: February 2024

Mathematical theories for some of the mechanical properties of a well-consolidated anisotropic fibrous web are developed in two major divisions : the elastic and the plastic regimes of stress/strain relationships . For each of the principal directions in the plane of the sheet, theories of the elastic regime are developed for external load, Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus and the modulus of rigidity. Applications of the theory to improve pulp evaluation and to studies of important sheet properties (in the elastic regime) such as stiffness and sheet rigidity are discussed. A complex of phenomena of the plastic regime is inferred from theory . Stresses tending to cause rupture of fibre-to-fibre bonds are found in two important groups: those associated with torque on bonds resulting from shearing force in fibre segments (and combined with stress caused by anisotropic shrinkage of the fibres) and those associated with tension in fibres (and combined with the anisotropic shrinkage stress) . The incidence of fibre-to-fibre bond rupture as the sheet strain is increased from the elastic range into the plastic regime is governed by equations developed for torque and tension bond failures. A brief discussion of the theory of the zero-span tensile test is included.
NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED T-CELL LYMPHOMA: OUTCOMES OF A SINGLE CENTER STUDY
Authors: Kriachok I. , Tytorenko I. , Shudrak N. , Aleksik O. , Stepanishyna Ya. , Kadnikova T. , Pastushenko Ya. , Shokun N. , Rudiyk T. , Bushuieva M.
Published: February 2024

Background. The peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is the most common subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). It constitutes approximately 25% of all PTCLs and accounts for more than 15% of all lymphomas. The results of the first Ukrainian prospective study of patients with PTCL-NOS are presented in the article. The aim of the study was to analyze the morbidity of PTCL patients and the treatment performed, to evaluate overall survival and progression-free survival, and to determine the factors that predict the treatment response. Patients and Methods. An analysis was performed on the data of 31 patients diagnosed with peripheral PTCL-NOS from February 2018 to the present. T-cell lymphoid neoplasms were diagnosed according to the 2016 WHO classification. The treatment regimens were in alignment with ESMO and NCCN guidelines. More than 90% of patients were prescribed anthracycline-based regimens (CHOP; CHOEP — cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, etoposide, vincristine, prednisone). An initial treatment was performed with CHOP-based regimens in 38.70% (n = 12) of patients, with the addition of etoposide in 58.06% of patients (n = 18). Results. The response was assessed according to the response criteria for malignant lymphoma (Cheson, 2008, 2014). The overall response to therapy was 58.06% (n = 18), with complete responses in 29.03% of patients and partial responses in 29.03% of patients. The stabilization of the disease occurred in 3.44%, while the disease progression in 41.37% of patients. The 12-month and 24-month survival rates were 75.44% and 50.81%, respectively. The 12-month and 24-month progression-free survivals were 47.68% and 33.1%, respectively. Ki-67 overexpression (> 65%) was a negative prognostic factor. Conclusions. The results of the treatment of PTCL obtained in a Ukrainian population study are similar to those in other European studies, all of which remain unsatisfactory. Further research is required to develop a new strategy for examination and therapy to improve treatment outcomes. The emphasis should be placed on the pragmatic clinical trials comparing the efficacy of first-line treatment in PTCL patients with both favorable and unfavorable clinical factors.
INTRA-ARTERIAL CHEMOTHERAPY AS A CLINICAL OPTION FOR METASTATIC COLORECTAL CANCER: CONVERSION OF INOPERABLE LIVER METASTASES TO OPERABLE ILLUSTRATED WITH A CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Cherchenko K. , Lukashenko A. , Ostapenko Yu. , Patsko V. , Vinohradova M. , Valikhnovska K. , Pamanska S.
Published: February 2024

Colorectal cancer exerts a very high level of liver metastases, even on primary diagnosis, with 80%—90% unresectable nodules. At the same time, the possibility of resection has a significant impact on survival: 5-year survival is 6%—10% without liver surgery and up to 30% upon resection of liver metastases. Finding ways to improve resectability is a topical search for doctors all over the world. One of the promising methods to convert unresectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer into resectable ones is a hepatic artery infusion, or intra-arterial chemotherapy allowing for the delivery of cytotoxic drugs directly to the common hepatic artery via catheter or pump with decreased systemic toxicity and increased local drug concentration. In this article, we discuss the literature data on the impact of intra-arterial chemotherapy on the resectability of colorectal metastases in the liver and present the results of the successful clinical case. The literature shows a positive impact of the hepatic artery infusion on the resectability of hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer. The National Cancer Institute (Ukraine) has its own experience in hepatic artery infusion with further resection of primary-unresectable colorectal metastases in the liver. In our clinical case, a patient with liver-limited metastasis of colorectal cancer was initially inoperable due to the size of tumor lesions and an insufficient residual volume of the liver. Hepatic artery infusion tactics was chosen for this patient. The patient received six cycles of intra-arterial chemotherapy, namely five FOLFOX cycles and one 5-FU cycle, and then met the resectability criteria. Also, it is important to notice that the case demonstrates chemoresistance overcoming, since the patient had disease progression before, following systemically administered XELOX, and the period until readmission of the drugs was less than 6 months. So, hepatic artery infusion can be considered a promising method to convert unresectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer into resectable ones for highly selected patients.
Recombination and Trapping of Excess Carriers in n-InSb
Authors: Tetyorkin V.V. , Tkachuk A.I. , Lutsyshyn I.G.
Published: February 2024

The effect of trapping on the transient and steady-state lifetimes of excess carriers is investigated in InSb of n-type conductivity. Photoconductive decay and direct current measurements are used to characterize the starting material and infrared photodiodes. The large difference between the transient and steady-state lifetimes is explained by the trapping of minority carriers at the acceptor centers within the two-level recombination model. The recombination parameters of the traps are estimated.
Neural-Network-Based Methods for ARPES Data Processing (Review Article)
Authors: Pustovit Yu.V. , Lytveniuk Ye.P.
Published: February 2024

In recent years, many developed upgrades of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) have significantly increased the amount of the obtained data. In this article, we briefly review the methods of processing of ARPES spectra with the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In addition, we have made a short checkup of the potential application of CNNs that outperforms the existing methods or gives the possibility to achieve previously unachievable results.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE DESIGN PARAMETERS OF THE UPPER STAGE LIQUID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINE PUMP ON ITS CAVITATION CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Назаренко Г.В.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The phenomenon of cavitation is inherent in all vane machines, the working medium of which is liquid. With a certain combination of input pressure, flow rate, rotor speed, and the gas saturation of the working fluid in the vane machine, cavitation may occur. Cavitation negatively affects the power characteristics of the vane machines. It leads to a drop in the power parameters for the pumps and damage to their flowing parts. And also at times increases the pulsation of pressure at the pump outlet and vibration. This is especially dangerous for LPRE chambers, as the pulsation of pressure leads to the appearance of low-frequency oscillations of the chamber itself. Therefore, it is so important, even at the design stage, to determine the cavitation perfection of the LPRE vane pump and take measures to increase it.When developing the RD861K engine, high demands were placed on the power perfection of the oxidizer pump. The efficiency of the oxidizer pump RD861K should be 5% higher than that of the oxidizer pump RD861 (pump prototype).To increase the efficiency of the oxidizer pump of the RD861K engine, a number of design parameters was changed (compared to the prototype). These works were crowned with success, the required efficiency value was achieved. However, some of the taken measures had a negative impact on the cavitation perfection of the pump.This study is devoted to the analysis of the influence of the design parameters of the RD861K engine pump (which make it possible to increase its efficiency) on its cavitation properties. During the analysis, it was determined how the design parameters affect the nature of the cavitation characteristicof the oxidizer pump RD861K and RD861. It is also established how a concrete design change affects the value of the suction specific speedof the pump. In addition to the above studies, an analysis was made of cavitation characteristics of pumps operating on a gas-containing two-phase liquid. Based on the results of the analysis, the dependence of the decrease in therelativesuction specific speedof the pump on the amount of gas supplied to the inlet to the pump was constructed. The results of this study allow us to estimate the magnitude of cavitation pump failure at the design stage, depending on the design features of its flowing part when working liquid withoutgas and on the gas-liquid two-phase mixture.