bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Politik Air di Negeri Perlis dalam Pilihan Raya Umum (PRU) ke-14
Authors: Abdullah Mohd Firdaus , Zakarya Zaiton
Published: July 2022

The state of Perlis is experiencing serious water supply problems due to the inability of the authorities to provide adequate water supply for the use of the local people. Perlis, therefore, depends on the source of raw water from Kedah, which is a state that is also facing the issue of water security guarantee due to Perlis’ failure to pay for the water supplied. Furthermore, the quality of water supply in Perlis is relatively poor and is always below the standards set by the Ministry of Water, Land and Natural Resources (KATS) based on the National Water Quality Indicators. This unsatisfactory water quality lasted until the 14th General Election (GE14). Therefore, this research would like to see to what extent the issue of water availability affects the course of GE14 in Perlis. This research is using qualitative method that includes in-depth study of resources obtained from libraries, interviews, and national archives. This study found that the issue of water supply in Perlis has received less attention from the political parties contesting in GE14 in that state. This situation is not surprising as the State Government in Perlis had admitted before that they could not afford to develop the water supply system in Perlis. In fact, this matter did not affect their performance in GE14 because they continued to be given the mandate by the local peoples to govern Perlis following their victory in GE14. Given that discussions related to water politics have received less attention among researchers, it is clear that this study has its own significance. This study will give a fresh point of view to research related to water issues in our country. Moreover, the findings of this study can be used as an initial reference in discussing water supply issues and problems that surrounded the political scene of this country.
Servitização Digital: Uma análise comparativa do serviço de carros por assinatura no Brasil
Authors: Chaves Júlia Kich , ALEMSAN MARUAN KARIM , FRONTELI MÁRCIO HENRIQUE , PALADINI EDSON PACHECO
Published: July 2022

Uma nova tendência global é a servitização, onde a compra de um bem é substituída pelo seu uso efetivo. Novos modelos de negócios de serviços estão sendo adotados pelas indústrias de manufatura, inclusive no setor automotivo. Neste trabalho buscou-se identificar oportunidades de melhoria nos serviços de carros por assinatura oferecidos no Brasil. Deste modo, o artigo tem como objetivo propor melhorias para as inovações realizadas pelas empresas que oferecem o serviço de carro por assinatura no Brasil. Também, é proposto um modelo de avaliação com base em indicadores quantitativos. Como metodologia, foi realizado um mapeamento sistemático da literatura utilizando a base de dados Scopus. Os achados mostram que as oportunidades de melhoria estão relacionadas à: clareza de informações sobre a oferta e disponibilidade do serviço; ausência de informações sobre sustentabilidade ambiental e melhoria da experiência do usuário (motivação e estímulo).
Elimination of A7 MNRs of AcMNPV fp25k delayed FP development and improved virion occlusion
Authors: Cheng Xiao-Wen , Garretson Tyler , Cheng Xin-Hua
Published: July 2022

Background: Insect specific DNA baculoviruses have been widely used for
biological control of insect pests to reduce cancers caused by chemical
application in agriculture and forestry and as vectors for high yield
exogenous protein expression. The most extensively studied and widely
used baculovirus is the Autographa californica multicapsid
nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) due to its ability to replicate in many
permissive cells with high virus titer. During serial passage of AcMNPV
in permissive insect cells at high MOI, the fp25k mutates at a high
frequency leading to the development of the few polyhedra (FP) phenotype
with reduced polyhedra production and few virion occlusions in polyhedra
resulting in poor infectivity to insects. Method and results: We used
site-directed mutagenesis on wild type AcMNPV (AcP3) fp25k gene to
eliminate these hypermutable sites and produced a recombinant virus
AcP3-FPSDM and performed restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP,
as well as Western blot analysis to understand virion occlusion
efficacy. We compared fp25k stability between AcP3 and AcP3-FPSDM in Hi5
cells. Our experimental results showed that AcP3-FPSDM performed better
in virion occlusion efficiency. Conclusion: We showed that AcP3-FPSDM is
a better virus for researchers to apply in agriculture and forestry to
reduce chemical usage, thus cancer cases.
Genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback
Authors: Strickland Kasha , Räsänen Katja , Kristjánsson Bjarni , Phillips Joseph , Einarsson Arni , Snorradóttir Ragna , Bartrons Mireia , Jónsson Zophonías Oddur
Published: July 2022

Adaptive genetic divergence occurs when selection imposed by the
environment causes the genomic component of the phenotype to
differentiate. However, genomic signatures of natural selection are
usually identified without information on which trait is responding to
selection by which selective agent(s). Here, we integrate
whole-genome-sequencing with phenomics and measures of putative
selective agents to assess the extent of adaptive divergence in
threespine stickleback occupying the highly heterogeneous lake Mývatn,
NE Iceland. We find negligible genome wide divergence, yet multiple
traits (body size, gill raker structure and defense traits) were
divergent along known ecological gradients (temperature, predatory bird
densities and water depth). SNP based heritability of all measured
traits was high (h2 = 0.42 – 0.65), indicating adaptive potential for
all traits. Whilst environment-association analyses identified thousands
of loci putatively involved in selection, related to genes linked to
neuron development and protein phosphorylation, only allelic variation
linked to pelvic spine length was concurrently linked to environmental
variation (water depth) - supporting the conclusion that divergence in
pelvic spine length occurred in face of gene flow. Our results suggest
that whilst there is substantial genetic variation in the traits
measured, phenotypic divergence of Mývatn stickleback is mostly weakly
associated with environmental gradients, potentially as a result of
substantial gene flow. Our study illustrates the value of integrative
studies that combine genomic assays of multivariate trait variation with
landscape genomics.
Microcirculation measurements in the skin and retina: review of non-invasive tools and their challenges
Authors: Birkhoff Willem , Kraaij Sebastiaan , Moerland Matthijs , Broekhuizen Karen , only) Adam Cohen (EMA-commentaries , Gal Pim
Published: July 2022

In the last decade new and more advanced microvascular imaging
techniques have become available for use in clinical research. As it
became more evident that microvascular dysfunction might prelude
(cardio) vascular events, microvascular measurements have gained
increasing interest for their applicability in the clinic and research.
In this narrative review we aim to provide an updated oversight of
microvascular measurement techniques. We have made an outline of the
most common and latest techniques for microvascular cutaneous and
retinal measurements and included the most frequently used challenges
used together with these measurements. Furthermore this review includes
an updated evaluation of the mechanistic background of microcirculatory
dysfunction. Hereby this narrative literature review aims to assist with
the identification of the most adequate microvascular imaging
technique(s) for clinical application and research
A 5-level RF-PWM method with third and fifth harmonic elimination for all-digital transmitters
Authors: Fu Haoyang , Zhou Qiang , Zhu Lei , Chen Zhang
Published: July 2022

To relax the requirement of the filter and reduce the control complexity
of the SMPA, this paper proposes a 5-level RF-PWM method for all-digital
transmitters with 3rd and 5th harmonic elimination. The method is
achieved by changing the threshold signal to control the pulse width of
the 3-level sub-pulses. Finally, the feasibility of the method is
verified by simulation. For the 16QAM signal with a carrier frequency of
200MHz, the proposed method can achieve -46.24dBc and -54.05dBc
respectively when the coding efficiency reaches 77.51%.
Electrochemical NO3- Capture & Conversion from Agricultural Runoff: A Technoeconomic & Global Warming Potential Analysis
Authors: Samaroo Sharmila , Hickey David
Published: July 2022

Nitrates from agricultural wastewater are harmful to human health and
result in eutrophication. Several emerging electrochemical technologies
have been developed independently to enable efficient recovery and
recycling of nitrate waste; however, it remains unclear whether the
implementation of such combined technologies can be economically viable.
Herein, we perform a technoeconomic and global warming potential
analysis on several hypothetical nitrate capture and conversion (NCC)
systems for the recovery of nitrates from agricultural wastewater and
conversion of nitrate to ammonia. The energy efficient technologies
incorporated include: electrodialysis for nitrate separation,
electrocatalysis for ambient ammonia production, and agrophotovoltaics
as a clean energy source. Our technoeconomic analysis reveals that
despite advancements in nitrate separation and conversion, capital
investments for system installation cannot be recovered by the financial
benefit of on-site fertilizer production. Our analysis highlights the
necessity of government intervention to promote nitrate abatement
technologies to ensure environmental compliance and protect public
health.
Photocatalytic Modeling for Maximizing Utilization of Real-Time Changing Sunlight and Rationalizing Evaluation
Authors: Wei Xuhui , Xiang Houkui , Xu Yang , Wang Zhijian , Chen Jiazang
Published: July 2022

Because of very high potential barrier for thermionic emission and
trap-assisted charge recombination, photocatalytic reaction rate that
determined by semiconductor-cocatalyst interfacial electron transfer
severely deviates from linearity to the photocatalyst dosage or to the
light intensity. This makes it challenging to maximize utilization of
practical irradiation by referring the parameters evaluated from method
used in conventional catalysis. We here develop a model and predict that
photocatalytic reaction rate positively correlates to photocatalyst
concentration under weak illumination while the correlation becomes
negative under intense irradiation. The theoretical simulation that
matches the experimental values can be used to guide maximizing
photocatalytic photon utilization under various intensity of
irradiation. The strong correlation can rationalize photocatalytic
evaluation instead of obtaining a numerically high value by excessively
lowering the denominators. To realize efficient utilization of real-time
changing sunlight, we propose a reactor configuration that can optimize
the amount of photocatalyst participating into the reaction.
¿Cómo podemos trabajar con la familia desde la profesión de enfermería?
Authors: Rozo Durán Yina Paola , Bernal Sandoval Laura Daniela , Hernández Prieto Lina María , Correa Rojas Karol Stefany
Published: July 2022

La familia aporta más flexibilidad emocional y te permite llevarte bien con la vida de otra gente - Bruce Springsteen.
Coal pillar’s breaking and fracture development mechanism and numerical simulation
Authors: Teng Fei , Yu Minggao , Chao Jiangkun , Ma Zhihui
Published: July 2022

This study explores the influence of a repeated mining process on an upper
coal pillar in a close coal seam group. The pillar's breaking and
instability processes are emphasized, and the influence of fracture
development on the oxidation and spontaneous combustion of coal pillars is
revealed. A numerical simulation is used to simulate the dynamic evolution
characteristics of stress, displacement of the upper coal pillar, and the
numerical results elucidate that the mining of the lower adjacent coal seam
is a pressure relief process for the upper coal pillar. The theoretical
length of the fracture along the strike of the upper coal pillar is also
obtained for the upper coal pillar.
Thermodynamical properties of rotating disk electrodes for second order ECE reactions
Authors: Liu Xian-Yong , Liu Yan-Ping , Wu Zeng-Wen
Published: July 2022

The thermodynamical model for rotating disk electrodes for second order ECE
(electrochemical-chemical-electrochemical) reactions is considered, and the
effect of concentrations of three species on the current for ECE reaction
is theoretically analyzed, and the optimal current value is obtained. The
Taylor series method is used, the derivation is simple and the accuracy can
be improved if higher order Taylor series is considered. A fractal
modification is also suggested for future research.
A fractional model and its application to heat prevention coating with cocoon-like hierarchy
Authors: Xue Ru-Jing , Liu Fu-Juan
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a fractional model is established by using the variational
iteration method to elucidate the thermal properties of building prevention
coating with a cocoon-like hierarchy. The fractal hierarchical structure of
heat prevention coating makes the building wall mathematically adapted for
an extreme temperature environment. This work has inspired the bionic design
of protective suits and extreme temperature clothing.
Internal solitary waves in the ocean by semi-inverse variational principle
Authors: Liu Meng-Zhu , Zhu Xiao-Qian , Cao Xiao-Qun , Liu Bai-Nian , Peng Ke-Cheng
Published: July 2022

Internal solitary waves are very common physical phenomena in the ocean,
which play an important role in the transport of marine matter, momentum and
energy. The non-linear Schrodinger equation is suitable for describing the
deep-sea internal wave propagation. Firstly, by designing skillfully, the
trial-Lagrange functional, variational principles are successfully
established for the non-linear Schrodinger equation by the semi-inverse
method. Secondly, the constructed var-iational principle is proved by
minimizing the functionals with the calculus of variations. Finally,
different kinds of internal solitary waves are obtained by the semi-inverse
variational principle for the non-linear Schrodinger equation.
Influence of building topography around high-speed railway foundation on wind environment and thermal comfort
Authors: Ouyang Mingzhe , Liu Enhai , Wang Wei , Zhang Wenyun , Li Wei
Published: July 2022

The influence of the surrounding building topography of the Datong-Xi?an high-speed railway foundation on the wind environment and the thermal comfort is studied, especially the outdoor wind environment and indoor air-flow organization of the surrounding buildings are analyzed numerically, and the building terrain and the indoor temperature and the wind?s speed distribution are systematically evaluated. The results show that the surrounding terrain of the roadbed has a significant effect on the wind environment of the site, affecting the natural ventilation in summer and wind-proof and energy-saving in winter. The terrain surrounding of the building in summer reduces the wind speed by 30.5%, and it increases in winter by 31.6%; the wind speed in the indoor personnel activity area of the building around the roadbed is less than 0.35 m/s, leading to a comfortable body feeling.
Study on quasi two-stage compression cycle characteristics of the water heater of the air source heat pump in cold area
Authors: Li Haijun , Su Zhiyong , Niu Huawei , Zhai Junjie , Kou Jingkang , Wang Fang , Cai Xia , Zhang Qingge , Wang Shihao
Published: July 2022

The water heater of an air source heat pump has the disadvantages of high
exhaust temperature and weak heating performance in a cold area. The quasi
two-stage compression cycle technology can effectively improve its operation
characteristics in the cold area. In this paper, a rotor compressor with a
medium pressure air supply is used to develop the water heater with R410A
as the circulating working fluid. The system's heating performance under low
temperature environments is experimentally studied. The results show that
the exhaust temperature of the water heater system with the medium pressure
air supply is lower than those without the air-supply system.
A hydration model of aggregate-mortar transition zone considering pore-permeation coupling effect based on fractal theory
Authors: Zuo Fan , Liu Junqing , Liu Chao
Published: July 2022

The high and non-uniform distributed porosity of the interfacial transition
zone affects the macroscopic properties and failure behavior of concrete
significantly, and it relies on the non-uniform water-cement ratio and
pore-permeation coupling effect during hydration. However, current hydration
models could not reveal the above facts. In this paper, water-cement
distribution is derived, pore-permeation coupling effect is introduced based
on fractal theory. Finally, a hydration model of the interfacial transition
zone is established. A good agreement between the porosity prediction of
interfacial transition zone and experimental data is found.
Narrative strategies at the crossroads of Byzantine and western visual traditions. The pictorial cycle of St. Catherine of Alexandria in Darlos, Transylvania
Authors: Năstăsoiu Dragoş
Published: July 2022

Made by Byzantine painters for Catholic patrons, the fresco cycle of St.
Catherine of Alexandria in Darlos stands apart from other late-medieval
cycles. In terms of patronage, style, and iconography, this pictorial cycle
raises questions of cultural exchange between Byzantium and the West,
illustrating how female holiness was differently articulated in these areas.
While Catherine?s Western cycles emphasize her wisdom and eloquence, the
imagery in Darlos honors instead her constancy in suffering and ability to
recover after multiple tortures. Retaining the most essential elements of
background and figures, the Darlos cycle relies on the concise yet dynamic
iconography of painted menologia.
Effective playing environment management improving the quality of services for daycare
Authors: Yanti Sefri , Munastiwi Erni , Uminar Ajeng Ninda
Published: July 2022

The application of effective playground environment management can improve the quality of daycare (TPA) services. This study aims to describe the effective management of the playground environment in enhancing the quality of services at Daycare. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The study's data sources were one manager, five educators, and two accompanying teachers. Data collection techniques using documentation, observation, and interviews. The data analysis technique uses data triangulation techniques through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results and findings showed that effective playground environment management improves the quality of services implemented at was through several stages, including the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The planning stage determines business opportunities, meeting facilities and infrastructure standards, learning strategies, the quality of educators for education staff, and service programs. The implementation stage is done by implementing an integrated service program through holistic services. Furthermore, the evaluation stage is done by reporting the implementation and evaluation of activities in the teacher council and foundation meeting forums held in monthly meetings. This management can be used as a reference as a means of effective play management for children's play.
FORECASTING OF PREECLAMPSIA DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kosilova S.E.
Published: July 2022

Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most important problems in modern obstetrics. Togetherwith obstetric bleeding and septic conditions, it constitutes the so-called «fatal triad»,and in 18 % of cases it is the cause of antenatal fetal death.The аim of the research – to study the risk factors for preeclampsia development.Materials and methods. The main group consisted of 48 women with PE (main group).Of them, 20 were with mild PE (group I), 16 had a moderate PE (group II), 12womenwere with severe PE (group III). The control group included 20 healthy pregnant women.The severity degree of PE was judged by clinical data and laboratory examination results.The state of the intrauterine fetus was assessed according to the data of cardiotocography,ultrasound diagnostics, the biophysical profile of the fetus, doplerometry.Results. In pregnant women with PE, the frequency of a burdened obstetric andgynecological history (52.08 %) was significantly higher than in the control group (5 %)(p<0.01). It is noteworthy that PE developed more often in primigravida – 30 (62.5 %)and in young women – 10 (20.83 %). In 30 examined women (62.5 %) PE proceededagainst a background of extragenital pathology. In pregnant women of the main groupwith diseases of kidneys (20 (41.67 %)), cardiovascular system (15 (31.25 %)), metabolicdisorders (12 (25 %)) henceforth PE of moderate and severe degree has developed. Inwomen with severe PE, the frequency of complications of pregnancy and childbirth istwice as high as in women with moderate PE (p<0.05).Conclusions. A prerequisite for PE is a dysfunction of the hypothalamic- pituitary-ovariansystem. PE is more common in young women and in nulliparous women. Women with PE areat risk for miscarriage. Chronic kidney disease, vascular and endocrine pathology, metabolicsyndrome can be considered to be the main risk factors for PE development. The course ofpregnancy and childbirth in women with PE is accompanied by the development of variouscomplications. The greater the PE severity, the greater the frequency of complications.
MELATONIN PREVENTS OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RATS EXPOSED TO ETHANOL INTOXICATION, ITS COMBINATION WITH CAFFEINE AND LIGHT EXPOSURE
Authors: Davydova N.V. , Hryhorieva N.P.
Published: July 2022

The аim of the research – to investigate the effects of melatonin on oxidative stressbiomarkers malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and oxidatively modified proteins (OMP) inblood, liver and kidneys of rats exposed to subacute alcohol intoxication, its combinationwith constant light exposure, and caffeine intake.Materials and methods. Experiments were performed on 42 male rats weighing180-200 g kept under standard conditions of vivarium and artificial equinox. Subacutealcohol intoxication was induced by intragastric administration of 40 % ethanol at a doseof 7 ml/kg of body weight for 7 days. Caffeine was administered by gavage at a doseof 30 mg/kg of body weight.Results. Ethanol poisoning results in increase in MDA and OMB, and liver was the mostaffected (90 % and 42 % higher than control). The combination of ethanol with caffeinereduced the intensity of oxidative stress in the blood but increased the toxic effectsof ethanol on the liver (MDA and OMP were 116 % and 60 % above control range).The most significant increase in MDA was in the liver and kidneys under combinationof alcohol intoxication with exposure to constant light (139 % and 33 % respectively).There was a decrease in OMB level along with elevation of MDA level in kidneys of allgroups of alcoholized animals.Administration of 5 mg/kg melatonin for 7 days limited the rise in MDA in the bloodand liver of animals and changes in OMB content in the blood liver and kidneys of animalsexposed to ethanol and constant lighting. Melatonin showed to be less effective in theliver and kidneys of rats treated with a combination of ethanol and caffeine.Conclusion. The data obtained are evidence of the pronounced antioxidant melatoninaction and its capacity to prevent toxic effects of ethanol and its combination withconstant lighting and caffeine introduction into organism.
THE ROLE OF INSULIN SIGNAL TRACTS IN THE PROVISION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL BRAIN CONDITION AND NEUROPROTECTION AT ACUTE STROKE
Authors: Tkachuk O.V. , Tkachuk S.S. , Povar M.A. , Kysylytsia S.O. , Sorokhan V.D. , Denysenko O.I. , Perepeliuk M.D.
Published: July 2022

Purpose – to carry out analysis of the world literature data concerning the role of insulinsignal tracts in the brain functioning under conditions of acute stroke and in health.Conclusions. According to the literature data multiple insulin effects in the brain areprovided by the presence of pleotropic signal tracts of this hormone. Insulin is necessaryto support the standard morphofunctional state of the nervous tissue. Under conditions ofstroke all the known at present the cerebral insulin effects are directed to neuroprotectionprovision, which is realized with polydrome mechanisms.
PREDICTION OF PREGNANCY ONSET IN THE TREATMENT OF ENDOMETRIOSIS ASSOCIATED INFERTILITY
Authors: Yuzko O.M. , Tofan B.Yu.
Published: July 2022

The main data, that can predict the onset of pregnancy in the treatment of endometriosisassociated infertility, based on a literature review, are cited in the article. The articledescribes the principle methods for endometriosis- associated infertility treatment bymeans of laparoscopic surgery, subsidiary reproductive technologies, classifications ofendometriosis that can predict the onset of pregnancy.Objective – to analyze modern classifications of endometriosis, which can be used topredict the onset of pregnancy in endometriosis- associated infertility.Conclusion. The cited literature review certifies that prediction of the pregnancy onsetin patients with endometriosis- associated infertility remains to be a difficult task andconfirms expediency of the optimal variant search.
Yunus Emre Divan’ında Hızır-İlyas Kültü
Authors: Aksoy Hüseyin
Published: July 2022

Farklı disiplinlerde kısmen birbirine yakın anlamlarda kullanılan “kült” kavramının “ortak çağrışımlar uyandıran, dini tören veya inanç” şeklinde genel bir tanımı yapılabilir. Toplumları anlamak adına, onların inanç sistemi ve ritüelleriyle yarattığı kültleri incelemek faydalı olacaktır. Çünkü mitolojiler, inanç sistemleri ve kültürler, büyük ölçüde bu kültlerin etrafında oluşup şekillenmişlerdir. Mitik dönemlerde oluşup şekillenmeye başlayan kültlerin bireyler ve toplumların üzerindeki etkisi günümüzde de devam etmektedir. Kült ile bağlantılı olarak kültür, insanların yapıp etmeleri sonucunda ortaya çıkan, gelişen ve dolayısıyla üretilen bir semboller dizisi halinde var olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu açıdan kültleri araştırmak, anlamak, anlamlandırmak ve çözümlemeye çalışmak “ilk ve en eski kültür kalıntılarını” gün yüzüne çıkarmak anlamına da gelmektedir. Atalar kültü olarak kabul edebileceğimiz Hızır ile İlyas, ab-ı hayatı (ölümsüzlük suyunu) içerek ölümsüzlüğe kavuştuğu düşünülen ruhani varlıklardır. Hızır-İlyas ile ilgili anlatılar, Türk halk inanışında büyük bir yer edinmiş, divan ve halk edebiyatına mensup pek çok kültür aktarıcısına ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Türk kültürünün farklı cephelerini şiirlerinde saf bir dille ele alan Yunus Emre de bu kültten doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak istifade etmiştir. Bu nedenle Yunus Divanı’nda halk ve divan edebiyatının ortak mazmunlarından biri olarak Hızır-İlyas kültü öne çıkmaktadır. Bu makalede, Yunus’un divanında Hızır İlyas kültüne dair izler tespit edilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır.
Fields whose torsion free parts divisible with trivial Brauer group
Authors: FALLAH-MOGHADDAM Reza
Published: July 2022

Let $F_0$ be an absolutely algebraic field of characteristic $p>0$ and
$\kappa$ an infinite cardinal. It is shown that there exists a
field $F$ such that $F^*\cong F^*_0\oplus(\oplus_\kappa
\mathbb{Q})$ with $Br(F)=\{0\}$. Let $L$ be an algebraic closure
of $F$. Then for any finite subextension $K$ of $L/F$, we have
$K^*\cong T(K^*)\oplus(\oplus_\kappa \mathbb{Q})$, where $T(K^*)$
is the group of torsion elements of $K^*$. In addition,
$Br(K)=\{0\}$ and $[K:F]=[T(K^*) \cup \{0\}:F_0]$.
Corrosion of Transparent Electrodes Study
Authors: Maged A. F. , Nada L. A. M.
Published: July 2022

This work reports a study of corrosion lifetime of transparent electrodes deposited on the microscopic glass substrate. A procedure was developed for obtaining the transparent electrode by spray method. The corrosion lifetime variation in the presence of 1.5 M NaOH medium chemically degraded at room temperature before and after gamma irradiation was determined by measuring the evolution of the structure, electrical and optical characteristics. The mean values of transmittance up to 25 month before and after irradiation were calculated 91% ±6% and 96±7%, respectively. The average value of resistivity after corrosion and age time after γ-irradiation was 0.016±9% Ω.cm and 0.017± 4% at 1.0 kHz. No significant changes observed for 27 hr corrosion and 25 month age time of the transparent electrodes in NaOH solution.
Electrical Characteristics of Dry Cement – Based Composites Modified with Coconut Husk Ash Nanomaterial
Authors: Robert Ubong Williams , Etuk Sunday Edet , Ekong Sylvester Andrew , Agbasi Okechukwu Ebuka , Ekpenyong Nsikak Edet , Akpan Samuel Sunday , Umana Eme Aniefiok
Published: July 2022

Coconut husk is generated yearly as waste in large quantities but majorly under-utilized. Also, as a result of high embodied carbon, cement production is one of the largest contributors to construction sector carbon footprint. Since accumulation of unmanaged agro-waste like coconut husk has an increased environmental concern due to its pollution effect, recycling it into sustainable construction materials is a viable solution for future generation. In this study, experiments were performed to investigate the influence of coconut husk ash nanomaterial (CHAN) inclusion on electrical characteristics of plain cement paste (BCP) and mortar (CSM) samples at curing ages of 7 and 28 days. The results showed increase in electrical resistivity, thermal constant, and activation energy with curing duration for heating and cooling cycles of BCP and CSM. With inclusion of CHAN, the developed cement paste (CAP) and mortar (CASM) possessed lower values in all cases compared to their counterparts. Also, during heating at 28 days, both the CAP and CASM exhibited decrease in thermal constant. Though electrical resistance of all the samples varied inversely with temperature, CAP and CASM were found to possess greater potentials to make building structures intrinsically smart. Hence, in addition to solving disposal problems, utilization of coconut husks as described herein could enhance development of safe, inexpensive, and sustainable buildings that have large temperature sensing volume.
Methods of Multi-Criteria Analysis in Technology Selection and Technology Assessment: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kozłowska Justyna
Published: July 2022

Technology assessment and selection problems have gained importance in recent decades as the used technology often determines the enterprises’ competitive advantage. Due to the extensive catalogue of criteria that should be considered and, on the other hand, the extensive catalogue of available technologies and solutions, the decision-making process of choosing a technology becomes a significant challenge for organisations and individuals. This study aims to identify the main research directions and trends in the scientific literature on applying multi-criteria analysis (MCA) in the context of technology assessment and/or technology selection. The author conducted a bibliometric analysis of publications indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The methodology of this study also included identifying the most productive authors, countries, organisations, and journals and analysing the occurrence and co-occurrence of terms. Final analyses included 380 publications retrieved from the Scopus database and 311 documents retrieved from the Web of Science repository. The analysis of the occurrence of terms and keywords allowed distinguishing two main research directions in using MCA methods in assessing and selecting industrial and health and medicine-related technologies. Some sub-areas have also been distinguished within these two areas: energy and renewable energy technologies, waste management, biomedical and medical technologies, and drug production technologies.
Agua y desarrollo económico
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua - IMTA, Pedrozo Acuña Adrián
Published: July 2022

Los seres humanos nos hemos convertido en el principal forzamiento de los cambios que vemos hoy en la Tierra. Nuestras acciones tienen un impacto innegable sobre el clima, que a su vez modifica la distribución espacial y temporal de la lluvia sobre las cuencas y sus tiempos de respuesta.
Incentives in Social Decision Schemes with Pairwise Comparison Preferences
Authors: Brandt Felix , Lederer Patrick , Suksompong Warut
Published: July 2022

Social decision schemes (SDSs) map the preferences of individual voters over multiple alternatives to a probability distribution over the alternatives. In order to study properties such as efficiency, strategyproofness, and participation for SDSs, preferences over alternatives are typically lifted to preferences over lotteries using the notion of stochastic dominance (SD). However, requiring strategyproofness or strict participation with respect to this preference extension only leaves room for rather undesirable SDSs such as random dictatorships. Hence, we focus on the natural but little understood pairwise comparison (PC) preference extension, which postulates that one lottery is preferred to another if the former is more likely to return a preferred outcome. In particular, we settle three open questions raised by Brandt in Rolling the dice: Recent results in probabilistic social choice (2017): (i) there is no Condorcet-consistent SDS that satisfies PC-strategyproofness; (ii) there is no anonymous and neutral SDS that satisfies PC-efficiency and PC-strategyproofness; and (iii) there is no anonymous and neutral SDS that satisfies PC-efficiency and strict PC-participation. All three impossibilities require m>=4 alternatives and turn into possibilities when m<=3.
Learning to Hash Naturally Sorts
Authors: Yu Jiaguo , Shen Yuming , Wang Menghan , Zhang Haofeng , Torr Philip H.S.
Published: July 2022

Learning to hash pictures a list-wise sorting problem. Its testing metrics, e.g., mean-average precision, count on a sorted candidate list ordered by pair-wise code similarity. However, scarcely does one train a deep hashing model with the sorted results end-to-end because of the non-differentiable nature of the sorting operation. This inconsistency in the objectives of training and test may lead to sub-optimal performance since the training loss often fails to reflect the actual retrieval metric. In this paper, we tackle this problem by introducing Naturally-Sorted Hashing (NSH). We sort the Hamming distances of samples' hash codes and accordingly gather their latent representations for self-supervised training. Thanks to the recent advances in differentiable sorting approximations, the hash head receives gradients from the sorter so that the hash encoder can be optimized along with the training procedure. Additionally, we describe a novel Sorted Noise-Contrastive Estimation (SortedNCE) loss that selectively picks positive and negative samples for contrastive learning, which allows NSH to mine data semantic relations during training in an unsupervised manner. Our extensive experiments show the proposed NSH model significantly outperforms the existing unsupervised hashing methods on three benchmarked datasets.
Disentangling the Computational Complexity of Network Untangling
Authors: Froese Vincent , Kunz Pascal , Zschoche Philipp
Published: July 2022

We study the recently introduced network untangling problem, a variant of Vertex Cover on temporal graphs---graphs whose edge set changes over discrete time steps. There are two versions of this problem. The goal is to select at most k time intervals for each vertex such that all time-edges are covered and (depending on the problem variant) either the maximum interval length or the total sum of interval lengths is minimized. This problem has data mining applications in finding activity timelines that explain the interactions of entities in complex networks.

Both variants of the problem are NP-hard. In this paper, we initiate a multivariate complexity analysis involving the following parameters: number of vertices, lifetime of the temporal graph, number of intervals per vertex, and the interval length bound. For both problem versions, we (almost) completely settle the parameterized complexity for all combinations of those four parameters, thereby delineating the border of fixed-parameter tractability.
Preserving Consistency in Multi-Issue Liquid Democracy
Authors: Colley Rachael , Grandi Umberto
Published: July 2022

Liquid democracy bridges the gap between direct and representative democracy by allowing agents to vote directly on an issue or delegate to a trusted voter. Yet, when applied to votes on multiple interconnected issues, liquid democracy can lead agents to submit inconsistent votes. Two approaches are possible to maintain consistency: either modify the voters' ballots by ignoring problematic delegations, or resolve all delegations and make changes to the final votes of the agents. We show that rules based on minimising such changes are NP-complete. We propose instead to elicit and apply the agents' priorities over the delegated issues, designing and analysing two algorithms that find consistent votes from the agents' delegations in polynomial time.
HashNWalk: Hash and Random Walk Based Anomaly Detection in Hyperedge Streams
Authors: Lee Geon , Choe Minyoung , Shin Kijung
Published: July 2022

Sequences of group interactions, such as emails, online discussions, and co-authorships, are ubiquitous; and they are naturally represented as a stream of hyperedges (i.e., sets of nodes). Despite its broad potential applications, anomaly detection in hypergraphs (i.e., sets of hyperedges) has received surprisingly little attention, compared to anomaly detection in graphs. While it is tempting to reduce hypergraphs to graphs and apply existing graph-based methods, according to our experiments, taking higher-order structures of hypergraphs into consideration is worthwhile. We propose HashNWalk, an incremental algorithm that detects anomalies in a stream of hyperedges. It maintains and updates a constant-size summary of the structural and temporal information about the input stream. Using the summary, which is the form of a proximity matrix, HashNWalk measures the anomalousness of each new hyperedge as it appears. HashNWalk is (a) Fast: it processes each hyperedge in near real-time and billions of hyperedges within a few hours, (b) Space Efficient: the size of the maintained summary is a user-specific constant, (c) Effective: it successfully detects anomalous hyperedges in real-world hypergraphs.
An EF2X Allocation Protocol for Restricted Additive Valuations
Authors: Akrami Hannaneh , Rezvan Rojin , Seddighin Masoud
Published: July 2022

We study the problem of fairly allocating a set of indivisible goods to a set of n agents. Envy-freeness up to any good (EFX) criterion (which

requires that no agent prefers the bundle of another agent after the removal of any single good) is known to be a remarkable analogue of envy-freeness when the resource is a set of indivisible goods.

In this paper, we investigate EFX for restricted additive valuations, that is, every good has a non-negative value, and every agent is interested in only some of the goods.

We introduce a natural relaxation of EFX called EFkX which requires that no agent envies another agent after the removal of any k goods. Our main contribution is an algorithm that finds a complete (i.e., no good is discarded) EF2X allocation for restricted additive valuations. In our algorithm we devise new concepts, namely configuration and envy-elimination that might be of independent interest.

We also use our new tools to find an EFX allocation for restricted additive valuations that discards at most n/2 -1 goods.
Trading Hard Negatives and True Negatives: A Debiased Contrastive Collaborative Filtering Approach
Authors: Yang Chenxiao , Wu Qitian , Jin Jipeng , Gao Xiaofeng , Pan Junwei , Chen Guihai
Published: July 2022

Collaborative filtering (CF), as a standard method for recommendation with implicit feedback, tackles a semi-supervised learning problem where most interaction data are unobserved. Such a nature makes existing approaches highly rely on mining negatives for providing correct training signals. However, mining proper negatives is not a free lunch, encountering with a tricky trade-off between mining informative hard negatives and avoiding false ones. We devise a new approach named as Hardness-Aware Debiased Contrastive Collaborative Filtering (HDCCF) to resolve the dilemma. It could sufficiently explore hard negatives from two-fold aspects: 1) adaptively sharpening the gradients of harder instances through a set-wise objective, and 2) implicitly leveraging item/user frequency information with a new sampling strategy. To circumvent false negatives, we develop a principled approach to improve the reliability of negative instances and prove that the objective is an unbiased estimation of sampling from the true negative distribution. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model over existing CF models and hard negative mining methods.
Annotated Sequent Calculi for Paraconsistent Reasoning and Their Relations to Logical Argumentation
Authors: Arieli Ofer , van Berkel Kees , Straßer Christian
Published: July 2022

We introduce annotated sequent calculi, which are extensions of standard sequent calculi, where sequents are combined with annotations that represent their derivation statuses. Unlike in ordinary calculi, sequents that are derived in annotated calculi may still be retracted in the presence of conflicting sequents, thus inferences are made under stricter conditions. Conflicts in the resulting systems are handled like in adaptive logics and argumentation theory. The outcome is a robust family of proof systems for non-monotonic reasoning with inconsistent information, where revision considerations are fully integrated into the object level of the proofs. These systems are shown to be strongly connected to logical argumentation.
Body-Decoupled Grounding via Solving: A Novel Approach on the ASP Bottleneck
Authors: Besin Viktor , Hecher Markus , Woltran Stefan
Published: July 2022

Answer-Set Programming (ASP) has seen tremendous progress over the last two decades and is nowadays successfully applied in many real-world domains. However, for certain types of problems, the well-known ASP grounding bottleneck still causes severe problems. This becomes virulent when grounding of rules, where the variables have to be replaced by constants, leads to a ground pro- gram that is too huge to be processed by the ASP solver. In this work, we tackle this problem by a novel method that decouples non-ground atoms in rules in order to delegate the evaluation of rule bodies to the solving process. Our procedure translates a non-ground normal program into a ground disjunctive program that is exponential only in the maximum predicate arity, and thus polynomial if this arity is assumed to be bounded by a constant. We demonstrate the feasibility of this new method experimentally by comparing it to standard ASP technology in terms of grounding size, grounding time and total runtime.
Self-Supervised Mutual Learning for Dynamic Scene Reconstruction of Spiking Camera
Authors: Chen Shiyan , Duan Chaoteng , Yu Zhaofei , Xiong Ruiqin , Huang Tiejun
Published: July 2022

Mimicking the sampling mechanism of the primate fovea, a retina-inspired vision sensor named spiking camera has been developed, which has shown great potential for capturing high-speed dynamic scenes with a sampling rate of 40,000 Hz. Unlike conventional digital cameras, the spiking camera continuously captures photons and outputs asynchronous binary spikes with various inter-spike intervals to record dynamic scenes. However, how to reconstruct dynamic scenes from asynchronous spike streams remains challenging. In this work, we propose a novel pretext task to build a self-supervised reconstruction framework for spiking cameras. Specifically, we utilize the blind-spot network commonly used in self-supervised denoising tasks as our backbone, and perform self-supervised learning by constructing proper pseudo-labels. In addition, in view of the poor scalability and insufficient information utilization of the blind-spot network, we present a mutual learning framework to improve the overall performance of the network through mutual distillation between a non-blind-spot network and a blind-spot network. This also enables the network to bypass constraints of the blind-spot network, allowing state-of-the-art modules to be used to further improve performance. The experimental results demonstrate that our methods evidently outperform previous unsupervised spiking camera reconstruction methods and achieve desirable results compared with supervised methods.
Online Evasion Attacks on Recurrent Models:The Power of Hallucinating the Future
Authors: Joe Byunggill , Shin Insik , Hamm Jihun
Published: July 2022

Recurrent models are frequently being used in online tasks such as autonomous driving, and a comprehensive study of their vulnerability is called for. Existing research is limited in generality only addressing application-specific vulnerability or making implausible assumptions such as the knowledge of future input. In this paper, we present a general attack framework for online tasks incorporating the unique constraints of the online setting different from offline tasks. Our framework is versatile in that it covers time-varying adversarial objectives and various optimization constraints, allowing for a comprehensive study of robustness. Using the framework, we also present a novel white-box attack called Predictive Attack that `hallucinates' the future. The attack achieves 98 percent of the performance of the ideal but infeasible clairvoyant attack on average. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework and attacks through various experiments.
Neural PCA for Flow-Based Representation Learning
Authors: Li Shen , Hooi Bryan
Published: July 2022

Of particular interest is to discover useful representations solely from observations in an unsupervised generative manner. However, the question of whether existing normalizing flows provide effective representations for downstream tasks remains mostly unanswered despite their strong ability for sample generation and density estimation. This paper investigates this problem for such a family of generative models that admits exact invertibility. We propose Neural Principal Component Analysis (Neural-PCA) that operates in full dimensionality while capturing principal components in descending order. Without exploiting any label information, the principal components recovered store the most informative elements in their leading dimensions and leave the negligible in the trailing ones, allowing for clear performance improvements of 5%-10% in downstream tasks. Such improvements are empirically found consistent irrespective of the number of latent trailing dimensions dropped. Our work suggests that necessary inductive bias be introduced into generative modeling when representation quality is of interest.