bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cloud Security Risks, Threats, and Solutions for Business Logistics
Authors: Tiwari Shrikant , Wadawadagi Ramesh S. , Singh Arun Kumar , Verma Virendra Kumar
Published: February 2024

Cloud computing has revolutionized the landscape of modern business logistics by offering scalable and cost-effective solutions for data storage, processing, and application deployment. However, with this newfound convenience comes a plethora of security challenges that businesses must address to protect their valuable assets and sensitive information. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the security risks and threats associated with cloud adoption in the logistics industry, along with effective solutions to mitigate them by presenting an in-depth analysis of the primary security risks that businesses may encounter when leveraging cloud-based logistics solutions. Additionally, it discusses the risks posed by shared infrastructure, third-party integrations, and data jurisdiction concerns. Moreover, the chapter highlights the growing role of emerging technologies in bolstering cloud security measures. These technologies offer sophisticated threat detection and proactive response capabilities, enabling logistics companies to stay ahead of evolving cyber threats.
Safeguarding Privacy Through Federated Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Chattopadhyay Sayani , Das Shalbani
Published: February 2024

The chapter thoroughly addresses ML privacy threats like risks, attacks, and leaks. It explores the methods of differential privacy, homomorphic encryption, and SMPC. Federated learning is detailed, covering concepts, benefits, techniques (averaging, aggregation). Advancements include transfer learning, differential privacy, edge device use. Real cases show privacy's value in healthcare, finance, IoT. The conclusion touches on trends, regulations, privacy-utility balance. The chapter aims to overview privacy-preserving and federated ML, stressing their role in data security with insights for researchers, practitioners, policymakers for privacy-conscious ML. Valuable insights are provided for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers aiming for a privacy-conscious future in machine learning.
Fundamentals of Healthcare 5.0
Authors: Ansari Nahid , Mittal Palka , Ajmera Puneeta , Dadhich Abhishek
Published: February 2024

The healthcare industry is undergoing a transformation driven by technological advancements, changing patient expectations, and needing more efficient and effective care. Among these changes, Healthcare 5.0 emerges as a paradigm shift that integrates advanced technology with patient-centric care approaches, envisioning healthcare's future and transforming healthcare delivery and experience. This chapter intensively explores Healthcare 5.0, unveiling its foundational principles, technological innovations, ethical considerations, and potential impacts. The chapter highlights the multi-level shift in Healthcare 5.0 that goes beyond the most fundamental technology development utilizing Smart IoT devices, 5G communication services, AI- tools, big data analytics, cloud computing, and blockchain technology, enhancing healthcare delivery and management. This chapter is a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, and students, offering insights to navigate the landscape of Healthcare 5.0 and its implications for the future of healthcare.
Federated Learning and Fusion of IoT for Smart Healthcare Applications
Authors: Revathy G. , Indirani G.
Published: February 2024

Federated learning is also called collaborative learning which uses the decentralized approach to train the machine learning models. Federated learning, a groundbreaking approach in the field of machine learning, has immense potential to transform healthcare as we know it. By harnessing the power of distributed facts from IoT sensors and devices, federated learning enables healthcare providers to train AI models without compromising patient privacy. Key assistances of federated learning in health care are its skill to overcome data sharing limitations. In traditional approaches, sensitive patient data must be centralized for training AI models. However, with federated learning, hospitals and clinics can keep their data secure within their own premises while contributing to a collective intelligence.
Security Challenges and Solutions Using Healthcare Cloud Computing
Authors: Gupta Meena , Kalra Ruchika , Sharma Priya
Published: February 2024

Healthcare 5.0 completely alters the current medical system using a new generation of information technologies, such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, blockchain, and the internet of things. Healthcare 5.0 is susceptible to a variety of information security-related threats, such as replaying, man-in-the-middle, impersonation, malware insertion, denial-of-service. Sensitive healthcare information of various patients may be revealed, altered, or destroyed as a result of this violence. Currently security schemes in cloud health care 5.0 are architecture focused on the public blockchain network, which has an upper layer of validation service providers. Encryption method was protected by this process from any quantum assaults that may occur in the future. ECosystem might be used to healthcare 5.0 applications. It is crucial for both cloud service providers and organisations adopting this technology to accurately identify security risks. There are still several unexplored facets of healthcare 5.0 necessitates new research projects.
Leveraging Cloud Computing for Healthcare
Authors: Mittal Palka , Ansari Nahid , Dadhich Abhishek , Ajmera Puneeta
Published: February 2024

The intersection of cloud computing and healthcare offers great potential to transform medical data storage, access, and sharing. Cloud technology enables easier access to patient records, test results, and treatment histories, promoting informed and collaborative care across healthcare facilities. It also streamlines services like prescription management and radiological imaging, reducing costs by eliminating the need for extensive on-premises infrastructure. However, this promising frontier comes with challenges, including data security and privacy concerns. Healthcare providers must ensure strong encryption, access controls, and compliance with regulations like the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Managing data interoperability across different cloud platforms while maintaining stringent security protocols is crucial. In summary, cloud computing in healthcare can improve patient care, collaboration, and cost-efficiency, but addressing data security and management challenges is essential for realizing these benefits.
Big Data Application of Breast Cancer Prediction
Authors: Rastogi Rohit , Vaidywan Pranjal , Pranav K. , Tyagi Manvi , Gupta Mayank
Published: February 2024

This study focuses on the development of a breast cancer prediction model using convolutional neural networks (CNN), a powerful deep learning algorithm capable of learning complex patterns from medical images. The proposed model utilizes a dataset comprising mammography images of patients, including both benign and malignant cases. The images are preprocessed and augmented to enhance the model's ability to generalize. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the CNN model in accurately predicting breast cancer from mammography images. The model achieves high accuracy, indicating its potential as a valuable tool for breast cancer diagnosis. Furthermore, it shows robust performance in differentiating between benign and malignant cases. The developed CNN-based breast cancer prediction model has the potential to assist radiologists in improving the accuracy and efficiency of breast cancer detection. The integration of deep learning algorithms in healthcare systems can aid in early diagnosis, reduce unnecessary interventions, and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
Promoting Meaning in Life Amongst Sex Trafficking Survivors Through Mindfulness
Authors: Machado da Silva Irani , Sathiyaseelan Anuradha
Published: February 2024

Sex trafficking is a form of violence against females. It is a highly profitable business, and the victims are frequently re-trafficked many times, generating even more profits for criminals. Meaning in life is possibly the most relevant, pressing, and deep concern of every individual, at the essence of human existence. Research shows that rescued women do not find life meaningful but are searching for something that gives them meaning in their lives. There was a strong and positive relationship between the current meaning in life and quality of life. Mindfulness therapies can help survivors find life more meaningful because they help to build up their ability for post-traumatic growth, resilience, and well-being. Survivors can do mindfulness as a type of meditation that with time they will find life more meaningful, experience more positive emotions, and consequently increase their quality of life.
Cultivating Mindfulness
Authors: Virk Nirmaljeet , Gogia Divya , Choudhary Vinita
Published: February 2024

The present study delves into the landscape of mindfulness-related interventions within the context of Indian higher education. Mindfulness, rooted in ancient contemplative traditions, has gained significant attention in recent decades for its potential to enhance well-being, cognitive capabilities, and learning outcomes. As the landscape of higher education in India continues to evolve with increasing academic pressures and mental health concerns, understanding the integration and efficacy of mindfulness interventions is of paramount importance. The findings of this literature review contribute to a nuanced understanding of the role of mindfulness in Indian higher education and offer insights into designing effective interventions that cater to the unique needs and aspirations of students. This review not only informs educators, policymakers, and practitioners but also provides a foundation for future research endeavors aimed at advancing the integration of mindfulness in the broader landscape of education in India.
Harmonizing Mind and Spirit
Authors: B. Harry
Published: February 2024

The nexus between cognition and emotion shapes human experiences, influencing perceptions, decisions, and responses. This research delves into the distinctive viewpoint offered by Indian philosophical and psychological traditions regarding this dance of thought and feeling. Infusing ancient Indian psychology with age-old wisdom provides a transformative exploration of the interplay between cognition and emotion. Indian thought emphasises the inseparability of cognition and emotion within a unified whole. The study is based on ancient Indian perspectives, combining cognition and emotion, which have practical applications for emotional regulation, self-awareness, and overall well-being. Empirical validation and ancient Indian testing are necessary, as well as investigating cognitive and neural mechanisms and ethical considerations. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand lasting effects. By bridging ancient sagacity with contemporary discernment, this study enriches understanding of the intricate choreography that guides human behaviour and psychology.
Upanisadic Teaching and Its Application Today
Authors: Kausthub Sraddha
Published: February 2024

Though composed sometime between 600 and 300 BCE, the Upaniṣads are still read by many today. Apart from the material itself, there is also scope, to delineate the teaching methods used by these texts. The Upaniṣadic pedagogy is unique with respect to setting, teacher-student relationships, pre-requisites and qualifications, active learning, questioning and experimentation. As pedagogy is a growing area of interest for psychologists and educators this chapter will prove to be an asset in the development of teaching methods that apply Upaniṣadic principles for the modern classroom. Several techniques used in these texts have the potential to increase student motivation, interest, metacognition, understanding, application and achievement and even mould future teachers. The chapter is designed to develop an appreciation for an indigenous method of teaching that is practically applicable.
To Examine the Influence of Digital Marketing and Celebrity Endorsement on Consumer Purchase Intention of Mutual Funds
Authors: Kumar Kishlay , Singh L. G. Honey , Singh Karan Pratap , Mishra Puja
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of digital media marketing and celebrity endorsement on consumer purchase decisions toward mutual funds investment. Marketing through social media gives marketers a competitive edge when it comes to influencing customers and driving order intent in mutual funds. In this research, the authors examine the effectiveness of digital media and celebrity endorsements in influencing consumer purchasing decisions. This research employed a quantitative approach, and data were collected through online surveys from six districts of Jharkhand, a sample of 310 participants using structured questionnaire using purposive sampling. The findings advocate that celebrity endorsement is a substantial marketing tool for driving the purchase intention via social media. The indirect effect of celebrity endorsement on consumer purchase intention was also significant when digital media was used as a meditating variable. The data analysis and validation of the conceptual framework were carried out using the PLS-SEM. The study's implications are discussed.
Initiating Memory Institutions Convergence Through Digital Convergence in Indonesian World Heritage Sites
Authors: Hendrawan Muhammad Rosyihan , Isa Azman Mat , Samsudin Ahmad Zam Hariro
Published: February 2024

The libraries, archives, and museums (LAMs) promote culture, community, and change new cultural heritage information management research. History deserves The Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto (OCMHS), Indonesia as a World Heritage. The LAM convergence may initiate in OCMHS. LAM convergence counts and digitization changes LAM. Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia and Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia constructed digital LAM convergence by free open-source software (FOSS) and the software development life cycle (SDLC) cascade development with information system design techniques. The OCMHS LAM standards are initiated with “The Sawahlunto Memories.” The OCMHS best practices can be the other example for preserving culture via “The Sawahlunto Memory.” Convergent LAMs of OCMHS by “The Sawahlunto Memory” must enhance access to memory institutions and experiences in quick digital technology and effective cultural heritage information management to preserve Indonesia's worldwide cultural heritage.
ChatGPT and Its Ethical Implications on Libraries, Other Institutions, and Society
Authors: Holland Barbara Jane
Published: February 2024

On March 28, 2023, an open letter titled “Pause Giant A.I. Experiments” was published by the Future of Life Institute, urging A.I. companies to draft a shared set of safety protocols around advanced A.I. development before creating more powerful software that may pose dangers to humanity. A wide range of ethical issues have been raised concerning Open AI's ChatGPT. The use of ChatGPT has demonstrated on numerous occasions that it encourages racial and gender bias. This (AI) chatbot system uses learning models that are not bias-free. The chatbot obeys the algorithm blindly and replies with the requested information when prompted. It cannot tell whether the information is skewed. This chapter examines the ethical implications ChatGPT can have on libraries, other institutions, and society.
Scripting Tools and the Design of E-Learning Experiences
Authors: Ouariach Soufiane , Khaldi Mohamed
Published: February 2024

In recent years, e-learning has experienced a surge in popularity as a teaching method. Digital platforms have revolutionized learning by offering learners a more flexible and accessible educational experience. However, it is crucial to recognize that mere access to online materials does not guarantee effective learning outcomes. The design of online learning experiences plays a pivotal role in engaging learners and facilitating a stimulating and successful educational journey. This chapter commences by introducing the concept of e-learning and tracing its historical evolution. Subsequently, it delves into various critical questions surrounding the advantages and disadvantages of e-learning, as well as the pedagogical approaches employed in this environment. The authors then propose a model based on the three systems of a training module, providing a framework for effective e-learning design. Finally, the chapter concludes by illustrating scripting tools for e-learning, equipping teachers interested in e-learning with invaluable resources for developing their e-learning scenarios.
Collaborative Online Learning and Knowledge Appropriation
Authors: Ibrahimi Ahmed
Published: February 2024

New ways of appropriating knowledge are emerging thanks to tools and technologies linked to education and learning. The chapter shows how collaborative work opens up multiple possibilities for integrating these tools. The authors sketch out the contours of collaborative learning supported by digital technologies. This online learning modality is accompanied by a pedagogical reflection that will serve as the basis for a proposed model of knowledge appropriation in an online collaborative environment.
Objectiveize the Evaluation
Authors: Oudghiri Ayah , Ibrahimi Ahmed
Published: February 2024

Evaluation is a dynamic, systematic, and methodical process which aims to make a value judgment on performance. It is presented in different forms meeting specific training objectives. Evaluating involves a complex task due to the cognitive, social, cultural, and psychological elements that it involves, and it is not always perceived favorably by neither the evaluators nor by those who are evaluated. The tyrannical omnipresence of grading creates a climate of stress which leads to counter-productivity among learners; school therefore takes on a truly anxiety-provoking character, which has been the subject of numerous debates. The work of Gisèle George in 2002 and the work of Peter Gumbel in 2010 underline that the grading which is observed by subjectivity is an instrument of “pedagogical torture.” According to Gérard Scallon, “evaluation is a reality which encompasses an infinity of operations, without this necessarily requiring the judgment of the people who evaluate. “
Digital Storytelling as a Tool for Enhancing Preservice Chemistry Teachers' Conceptual Understanding and Learning Strategies
Authors: Şen Şenol
Published: February 2024

Digital storytelling is one of the tools that can be used to improve preservice chemistry teachers' conceptual understanding on the topic of melting and dissolving and metacognitive learning strategies. In this study, it was aimed to create digital stories using information and communication technologies on the topic of melting and dissolving, which is one of the important topics of chemistry. A one group pretest-posttest experimental design was used in the study. The study group consisted of 25 preservice chemistry teachers who were in the first grade at a state university. In addition, within the scope of the study, preservice teachers' opinions on the effect and usability of project-based learning method supported by digital stories on teaching/learning process were also taken with open-ended questions. The findings of this study revealed that digital storytelling is an effective method for improving preservice chemistry teachers' conceptual understanding and learning strategies.
AI-Based Eye Tracking Applications in Collaborative E-Learning Environments
Authors: El Haddioui Ismail
Published: February 2024

In collaborative e-learning environments, we need to understand individual differences of each learner like behavior, motivation, learning style, interest level, cultural background, performance, relaxation, and more. Learners' eyes can be a major source of data, and eye-tracking methods can be used in collaborative e-learning environments to measure these differences in real-time and provide insightful feedback. AI-based eye tracking can help to increase motivation by predicting learners' areas of interest to create effective interaction between learners and collaborative e-learning environments. The main goal of this chapter is to study the feasibility and the potentials of predictive eye tracking systems in collaborative e-learning environment. Results can help to design an adaptive collaborative e-learning environment able to analyze and understand learners' individual differences and then generate new customized learning situations.
Recent Trends in High Speed Computing
Authors: Suriyan Kannadhasan , Nagarajan R.
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the issue of internet congestion management and modelling has been a hot topic of study. Following the development of the transfer control protocol (TCP) and mathematical models, which treat the underlying resource allocation in congestion control as an optimization issue, this study has focused on modelling and analysis of congestion control methods. On this basis, subsequent research has suggested and evaluated numerous primal, dual, and primal-dual algorithms.
Developing a Framework for Interactions in CBT-Based Serious Games on Smartphones
Authors: Sriwatanathamma Poe , Sirivesmas Veerawat , Simatrang Sone , Bhowmik Nobonita Himani
Published: February 2024

While there are numerous serious games that explore cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques through gamification on smartphones, the framework for developing interactions is not often thoroughly discussed. The objective of this study is to outline the process of combining CBT techniques, narrative setup, and game mechanics to create two types of interactions (verbal- and physical-based) using the player interaction framework (PIF). The PIF consists of three key sections: setup, aim, and execution. In the setup section, it utilizes the ABCDE (activating events, beliefs, consequences, disputation of beliefs, and effective new approaches) model to combine narrative and CBT techniques such as gratitude and self-monitoring. The aim section is used to break down the intended experience of both the player and their main character, at the same time clarifying the CBT goal of the interaction. Finally, the execution section includes the representation of how players will interact in the game through input and feedback. The efficacy of the framework in visual narrative serious games remains to be investigated through a randomized controlled trial after the completion of our serious game, BlueLine.
Assessing Consumer Awareness and Engagement in Sustainable Marketing Campaigns: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Ilodigwe Samuel Chukwudi
Published: February 2024

This study examines the effectiveness of sustainable marketing campaigns in promoting consumer awareness and engagement concerning sustainability issues in Nigeria, focusing specifically on Lagos State. The objective of this study was to determine the level of consumer awareness and engagement and ascertain the level of influence that a sustainable marketing campaign has on consumer awareness/willingness to purchase sustainable products on the basis of gender and income. The research design employed was a descriptive survey that utilized an online survey method designed by the researcher, and the data were collected from 448 respondents representing diverse socioeconomic backgrounds in the area as a sample of the finite population with the aid of Taro Yamane. Data were analyzed using percentage analysis, independent t-tests, and one-way ANOVA. These findings indicate that consumers in Nigeria exhibit a notable level of engagement and willingness to purchase products promoted through sustainable marketing campaigns. Furthermore, the study revealed that factors such as gender and monthly income do not significantly impact consumer engagement or the willingness to buy sustainable products. Based on these results, it is recommended that continuous and robust campaigns be conducted to enhance awareness and further improve consumer willingness to purchase sustainable products, considering the wide range of consumers across various demographic backgrounds in Nigeria and the unequivocal returns on investment resulting from the effective implementation of sustainable marketing campaigns in Lagos State.
Employee-Driven Brand Value Co-Creation: A Systematic Review and Prospective Research Framework
Authors: Ekanayake Asanka , Weerasiri Sudath , Madurapperuma Wasanthi
Published: February 2024

Co-creating value is a widely used approach to marketing. Co-creating value in branding has received surprisingly little attention from academics. This study systematically reviewed the literature to show how our understanding of value co-creation for brand perception and brand performance has grown over time. The papers published between 2010 and 2022 were subjected to a three-stage critical examination to facilitate the collection of data and the attainment of an in-depth understanding. Several research gaps were identified and grouped into the following five main research areas: (a) conceptual research on service dominant logic; (b) Brand value co-creation, brand perception, and brand performance relationship; (c) Brand Value co-creation and business; (d) stakeholder engagement in brand value co-creation; (e) Brand Value co-creation in the service industry; and (f) Brand value co-creation through service climate. The results not only give marketers useful insight into value co-creation, but they also help them interact more successfully with different stakeholders and their brands, which is especially important in the insurance industry. This adds to the growing body of marketing research.
The Power of Change Champions: Influencing Environmental Sustainability Strategies in Sri Lankan Hotels
Authors: Kannangara Chandana , Shamil M. M. M. , Surangi H. A. K. N. S.
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the role of change champions in the implementation of environmental sustainability strategies within the Sri Lankan hotel industry.This study embraced a social constructionist perspective, utilizing comprehensive interviews and observational techniques to investigate the role of change champions in the Sri Lankan hotel sector. Grounded in theories from the fields of organizational change, stakeholder theory, and the resource-based view, we employed a qualitative multiple-case study methodology. This allowed us to collect data from multiple organizational levels within hotels and subsequently analyze it using thematic analysis. This research identifies four critical constraints such as financial constraints, developing people, managerial constraints, and administrative procedures that change champions are particularly required to work on.This study underscores the significance of the role of change champions as catalysts in recognizing organizational constraints and transforming them into opportunities for the successful implementation of environmental sustainability strategies. Moreover, it highlights the need to cultivate a culture of change champions within hotel organizations to strengthen the execution of environmental strategies. Further, this study revealed the importance of the implementation of the Green Governance Framework (GGF) which includes elements such as environment sustainability strategies and practices, sustainability performance, sustainability reporting, and sustainability assurance to drive consistence environmental sustainability performance. Furthermore, it fosters a robust sustainability management framework, aligning business strategies with economic, social, and environmental sustainability goals.This study offers a comprehensive model that synthesizes the complexities faced by the Sri Lankan hotel industry in its pursuit of environmental sustainability. By acknowledging constraints and strategically deploying change champions, organizations can embrace sustainable practices while bolstering their competitiveness and contributing to the nation's economic and environmental well-being. The study provides valuable insights for hoteliers, policymakers, and researchers seeking to drive environmental sustainability in the context of developing economies.
How would you remove these temporal-zygomatic lesions? Surgical reconstruction of the temporal-zygomatic area using a mandibular Burow’s triangle advancement flap
Authors: Miccio Laura , Cassalia Fortunato
Published: February 2024

A 65-year-old man was referred with two adjacent skin lesions located in the right temporal and zygomatic area. Dermoscopic examination revealed features indicative of two basal cell carcinomas, prompting the scheduling of surgical removal. [...]
A concise, straightforward presentation can be worth more than a thousand words
Authors: Bergquist Robert
Published: February 2024

Not available.
The use of Beck Depression Inventory for assessment of depressive symptoms in epilepsy: a single-center experience in Kosovo
Authors: Govori Valbona , Zhubi Esra , Bytyci Pranvera , Malazogu Edita , Hoxha Rina
Published: February 2024

Depressive disorders are common comorbidities in people living with epilepsy, and they can have a profound effect on both the course of epilepsy and the overall quality of life of those affected. A total of 125 patients diagnosed with epilepsy were recruited from the outpatient care in the Neurology Clinic at the University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, over a 3-month period (October 2023 to December 2023). The Beck Depression Inventory was used to measure the severity of depressive symptoms in these participants. In this study, we observed that 75% of women and 61.4% of men reported mild, moderate, or severe depressive symptoms. According to the severity of depressive symptoms, participants with generalized epilepsy were more likely to report severe depressive symptoms. They represented 59.0% of the participants reporting mild depressive symptoms, 61.5% of the participants reporting moderate depressive symptoms, and 47.6% of the participants reporting severe depression. Assessing and addressing depressive symptoms in individuals with epilepsy through a multidimensional approach and standardized methods is a critical aspect of providing quality care for all patients.
The Effect of Varied Time Interval and Micro-Current (Direct) on the Level of Biomarker (IL-6) and Rate of Tooth Movement: An Animal Study
Authors: Dwivedi Parnita , Agrawal Ashish , Gupta Subash Chandra , Chou Tehmin
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Exogenous application of direct current (DC) on piezoelectric biopolymers results in biochemical modifications in the intracellular/extracellular regions which profoundly affects the pace of bone turnover. A qualitative examination of DC (waveform and frequency) provides ideal qualities of current.

Material and Method:

20 female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly selected and divided into control (group 1–4 rats) with orthodontic appliance (OA) and experimental groups (OA + Micro-current (MC). Experimental groups were subdivided into four groups (group 2–20 μA/5 sec, 3-20 μA/10 sec, 4-15 μA/5 sec, 5-15 μA/10 sec with four rats in each). The tooth movement was recorded every 24th hours for 7 days. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected 6 hr, 12 hr, 24 hr, 3rd day and 168 hrs with the absorbent paper points at specific location around the tooth in control and experiment groups. Histopathological analysis was done on 168 hrs to assess the osteoclastic activity around the root. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration was accessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results:

There was a statistically significant difference in tooth movement, group 3 (20 μA/10 sec) showed an increased rate of tooth movement on the 168 hrs. The level of IL-6 was maximum on 72 hrs in experimental group 3.

Conclusion:

The study showed time interval/frequency, the waveform, and the amount of current play a significant role in determining bone turnover and rate of tooth movement.
Not a slow burn: the urgent need for a protection mechanism for environmentally displaced persons – The Philippines
Authors: Ablaza Selina Irene O
Published: February 2024

This article considers whether we should continue to try to force the experiences of environmentally displaced persons to fit the traditional definition of ‘refugees’; or whether we should instead recognize that certain inherent differences necessitate treating persons displaced by climate as a separate category of persons of concern. An argument is made in favour of the latter, which highlights the urgent need for the development and implementation of a specific protection mechanism to address climate displacement, given the lack of accommodation under the existing international legal framework on refugee protection. Also highlighted is the role of domestic legislation in the protection of environmentally displaced persons with a particular focus on the Philippines. The Philippines is vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, with the displacement of numerous people every year due to the onslaught of typhoons and other disasters. In conclusion, recommendations are made for interim measures and future legislation to address climate displacement.
“Horror Movies Always Know What We Did Last Summer”: Meta-Horror, Philosophy, and “The Cabin in the Woods”
Authors: Pavlov Alexander V.
Published: February 2024

The paper reviews Suzanne Kord's 2023 book dedicated to the film “The Cabin in the Woods.” It analyzes the film's meta-nature through allusions and references. The review explores philosophical themes addressed in the movie, including the clash between faith and nihilism, the ethical implications of self-sacrifice, humanity's place in the world, the individual versus humanity, and the issue of free will. It highlights the film's extradiegetic elements, emphasizing how “The Cabin in the Woods,” as a philosophical text, elicits a philosophical response from viewers. The paper presents Suzanne Kord's horror theory, which posits that the essence of the genre lies not in fear but in guilt. It offers an assessment and brief critique of this theory.
Research and Analysis of the Cost of Right of Way for Conventional Overhead Transmission Lines and Power Transmission Cable
Authors: Soni Nitin Kumar
Published: February 2024

The study explores the pros and cons of adding these advanced conductors to transmission lines. This study examines the costs of procuring RoW for standard overhead transmission lines and power transmission cables. The report details the costs and considerations of obtaining land for power transmission infrastructure. Research has two main parts. The document begins with transmission asset owner’s RoW acquisition methods and rules. It explains the regulatory framework and mechanisms for securing land rights for power transmission infrastructure. The second section analyses costs in detail. It compares the economics of installing overhead transmission lines with power transmission cables, focusing on subsurface XLPE cables. The study examines how RoW acquisition affects adjacent land prices and the economic effects on TAOs and surrounding communities. The research also evaluates transmission line dismantling costs, including waste metal value, considering metal price changes. RoW costs persist after the transmission line's tenure. The paper also examines a replacement model that estimates RoW costs for switching from overhead transmission lines to underground XLPE cables for outmoded transmission infrastructure. This analysis seeks to illuminate RoW Acquisition's financial elements for power transmission decision-makers.
Spectrophotometric Quantification of Trace Elements and Toxic Metals in Raw Milk Samples of Peshawar City, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Nadir , Ullah Rizwan , Wahid Fazal , Sultana Qamar , Rahim Muhammad
Published: February 2024

The present study focused on the physicochemical characterization and spectrophotometric determination ofthe concentrations of trace elements (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) and toxic heavy metals (Cd and Pb) in raw milk samplescollected from various commercial sites of Peshawar city, Pakistan. Evaluation of the nutritional values as well as thepossible health concerns associated with the consumption of contaminated milk shown the average percentagecomposition of protein, fats, solid non-fats, lactose, salts and added water in the milk sample as 2.78, 4.81, 6.41, 3.05,0.47 and 31.1 %, respectively. The values of pH, conductivity, density and freezing point were observed as 6.59, 3.51mS/cm, 1.04 g/mL and -0.3674 ºC at 26 ºC. The physicochemical characteristics such as percentage protein, fat,lactose, salts, water, solid not fat, total solids, pH, conductivity and density were evaluated and found in the safe limitsof the WHO/FAO. The average concentration of trace elements such as zinc and copper were found to be 1.4035 mg/Land 0.2588 mg/L, respectively. The concentration of Zn and Cu was found within permissible limits suggested byWHO. However, the average concentration of Fe, Mn, Cd and Pb were found higher than the permissible limits ofWHO. The observed concentrations were: Fe = 1.5553, Mn = 0.4354, Cd = 0.1865 and Pb = 1.1162 mg/L. Thepresence of the non-essential and hazardous Cd and Pb in milk samples even in lower concentrations may cause severehealth problems since these are the most noxious pollutants due to their non-biodegradable and bio-accumulativenature. Over-dose of Fe and Mn also leads to several health issues. A thorough and more precise investigation of rawmilk consumption in Peshawar is highly recommended to ascertain the actual reasons and sources in the larger publicinterests.
Sediment Characterization and Monsoonal Impact on Beach Morphology at the Three Beaches along the Karachi Coast, Pakistan
Authors: Farooq Sumera , Arshad Nazia
Published: February 2024

Sediment characteristics plays important role in the determination and functioning of coastal ecosystems.The present study is an attempt to evaluate the variability in sediment characteristics of the three beaches: Clifton,Sandspit and Buleji, at the Karachi coast. The samples were collected during pre-monsoon and south-west monsoonseasons to evaluate the seasonal differences. The sediments of the three sites showed variations in moisture content,organic matter and grain size. The highest mean moisture (27.17%) and organic contents (3.5 %) were recorded fromthe sediments of Clifton. The maximum fraction of sediments (> 80 %) consist of fine to very fine sand at all studiedsites. The sediments of Clifton were high in very fine sand fraction and low in coarse sand fraction as compared toSandspit and Buleji. The sediments of all the three studied sites are moderately sorted, negatively coarse-skewed andshowed leptokurtic distribution. The studied beaches of Clifton, Sandspit and Buleji shows dissimilarity in sedimentcharacteristics as indicated through Cluster and PCA analysis. The monsoonal influence on sediment characteristicswas also observed at all the three studied beaches. The strong wave action during SW monsoon season results in thedeposition of the coarser sediments at the high tide level thus increasing the steepness of the beaches.
Resident’s Perceptions towards the Economic, Socio-Cultural, and Environmental Impacts of Tourism: A Case Study of Nathiagali, District Abbottabad, Pakistan
Authors: Andleeb Zubaira , Ijaz Maria , Ullah Sana
Published: February 2024

The tourism industry poses both favorable and unfavorable consequences to the local communities of touristdestinations. This study aims to analyze the economic, social, and environmental impacts of tourism on the hostcommunity in Nathiagali. In this study, the data were collected through structured questionnaires from 200 residents ofthe selected tourist destinations. The study applied factor analysis approach for empirical results. It is found that thelocal community perceives positive and significant economic and social impacts from tourism in the form of job orbusiness opportunities, raising the standard of living and infrastructural development in the area. On the other hand,tourism brings environmental threats including health hazards from air and noise pollution, environmental degradation,and traffic congestion issues for the local community. Based on the results, it is recommended that appropriate policiesare needed at the government and local levels to get maximum benefits from tourism in Nathiagali, Pakistan.
Pisagor Bulanık Küme Ortamında Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynağı Seçimi
Authors: Ölç Yasin , Göçer Fethullah
Published: February 2024

Yenilenebilir Enerji seçiminde kriter belirleme aşaması, yenilenebilir enerji ile ilgili birçok karar kriterinden etkilenen faktörlere sahiptir. Bir seçim ortamında potansiyel kriterlerin değerlendirilmesi ve önceliklendirilmesi, çok kriterli karar verme problemi olarak ele alınabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yenilenebilir enerji bağlamında kriter seçim süreçlerini teknik, ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel yönleri ile analiz etmektir. Yazın taraması, çalışma bölgelerini, kısıtlamaları, değerlendirme ölçütlerini ve yenilenebilir enerji seçimi süreci için kullanılan yöntemleri sentezlemek ve kategorize etmek için sistematik bir inceleme yöntemi kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Kriter seçimi sürecinde, insan yargılarının öznelliği genellikle çatışmaya yol açar ve bir tür tereddüt yaratır. Önerilen çalışma, değerlendirme verileriyle ilişkili belirsizliği ve muğlaklığı Grup Karar Verme ortamında Pisagor Bulanık Küme kullanarak gidermeye çalışmıştır. Önerilen yöntem, Pisagor Bulanık Kümelerin geleneksel bulanık kümelere kıyasla daha doğru bilgi sağlama yeteneğinden ve grup karar vermenin karar bilgisinde önyargı ve öznellikten kaçınma kolaylığından yararlanır. Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) tekniği, grup karar verme kullanılarak Pisagor Bulanık Küme ortamında uygulanmaktadır. Önerilen yaklaşımı doğrulamak için ampirik bir vaka çalışması uygulanmıştır. Son olarak, sentezlenmiş ve kategorize edilmiş bilgi ve araştırma boşluklarından oluşan kapsamlı bir havuz sağlayarak, bu çalışma, karar vericilerin yenilenebilir enerji seçiminde en uygun kriterleri belirlemeleri için bir yol haritası sunmaktadır.
Necesidades formativas de los entrenadores de fútbol adaptado (Adaptive Soccer coaches' training needs)
Authors: Morales-Ocaña Amelia , Massó-Guijarro Belén , Pérez-García Purificación
Published: February 2024

La mejora de la formación de los entrenadores de fútbol adaptado es una necesidad demandada por este colectivo. El objetivo de investigación de este artículo consiste en indagar sobre las necesidades formativas de los entrenadores de fútbol profesional que trabajan con personas con discapacidad, analizando su identidad, competencias y funciones. Para ello, recurrimos al estudio de caso, dentro de la tradición cualitativa. La muestra participante fueron 13 entrenadores de LaLiga Genuine de 10 clubes de la geografía española. Como instrumento de recogida de información aplicamos la entrevista en profundidad, estructurada en torno a 6 dimensiones: comienzo en la profesión, formación inicial, acceso a la profesión, desarrollo profesional, formación continua e impacto del entrenador. Los datos fueron analizados bajo los criterios del análisis temático. Las conclusiones de nuestra investigación apuntan que los entrenadores precisan formación en contenidos didácticos sobre comunicación y gestión de grupos, así como contenidos sobre discapacidad en relación con qué es, cómo trabajarla y consideraciones a tener en cuenta sobre las personas con discapacidad. También reclaman formación en competencias actitudinales o socioemocionales y, en especial, en empatía.
Palabras clave: entrenador; fútbol adaptado; formación; necesidades formativas, discapacidad, diversidad funcional.
Abstract. Educating and training adaptive football coaches is essential for professional development. By analysing the identity, competences and functions of professional football coaches working with people with functional diversity, this study aims to investigate their specific training requirements. A qualitative approach was adopted. A case study was carried out involving 13 coaches from 10 clubs in Spain who are members of LaLiga Genuine. In-depth interviews were used as the primary data collection method, with six dimensions of exploration: career entry, initial training, access to the profession, professional development, continuous training and impact of the coach. The data collected was analysed using thematic analysis. Our findings show that while coaches do not prioritise tactical or technical training related to the sport, they do need training in didactic aspects such as effective communication and group management. Coaches expressed the need for training focused on disability, including understanding the concept and working with individuals with functional diversity, taking into account their unique needs. These coaches also emphasised the importance of the development of attitudinal and socio-emotional skills, particularly empathy.
Key words: Coaches; adaptive football; training; training needs, disability.
Karate practice: empowering solutions to mitigate school-age bullying
Authors: Simões Hugo , Santos Pedro , Pereira Beatriz , Figueiredo Abel
Published: February 2024

Karate is a martial art and it is known that its practice promotes cognitive, affective, social, and behavioral benefits, including in children. Bullying has been configured in recent years as a public health problem that can seriously affect school-age children and young people. Although the practice of karate is positively associated with the biopsychosocial development of children and adolescents, little is known about its impact on bullying behaviors among school-age peers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of karate practices on the psychosocial responses of children regarding episodes of victimization, aggression, and observation of bullying behaviors. A questionnaire was applied to 336 Portuguese children (79 karatekas and 257 non-karate practitioners). The data were examined using the Chi-square test or the Fisher test and the V Cramer test. Concerning the bullying phenomenon, our results show that karate practitioners differ from non-practitioners by the lower number of times they are victims of aggression (p <0.05), /showing to be more resilient in the victimization process. Karate practice is recommended for children as a way to assist their psychosocial development.
Key words: karate, martial art, bullying, victimization, aggression, proactivity