bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS OF STRENGHTENING THE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES FOR SMALLHOLDER FARMS IN THE NEW COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY
Authors: Musiał Wiesław , Musial Kamila
Published: December 2023

In the Strategic Plan for the CAP 2023-2027, the goal of special importance is the strengthening ecosystem services. Eco-schemes are a new type of direct support intended for farmers taking additional actions to protect the environment and climate. The study undertakes an institutional and environmental assessment of the proposal to withdraw from implementing some of the assumptions included in the eco-schemes. As a result, the criteria for their availability turned out to be inadequate for smallholder farms. Farmers implementing eco-schemes are exposed to additional expenditures or reduced incomes due to the extensification of production. However, they may receive applicable financial compensation on the annual basis. The current, rather complicated system authorizing payments for 2023, meant that relatively not many farmers made such efforts. At the same time, this results in receiving approximately 50% of support from the direct payments comparing to the previous year. In this paper there has been suggested the need for modification of the eco-schemes with the special emphasis on smallholder farms. It was based on two pillars: technological and environmental, with a proposal of requirements that may be relatively easy to meet in practice.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND REGIONAL CONCENTRATION OF FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES IN POLAND
Authors: Szczepaniak Iwona , Drożdż Jadwiga
Published: December 2023

The aim of the article is to assess the spatial distribution of food industry enterprises in Poland and the level of their regional concentration, as well as the changes that have occurred in this area in recent years. Due to the changing external conditions, the specificity and dependencies occurring within individual industries, as well as changes taking place in the supply of raw materials and the progressive development of agglomerations, the location of the food industry in Poland is spatially diverse. In some voivodeships the food industry is a key sector of the economy, while in others its importance remains small. The analysis used mainly the location quotient (LQ), which takes into account two variables, i.e. the value of sold production and employment. This indicator made it possible to determine the specialization of a given region in terms of the adopted variables, indicating the degree of concentration of enterprises of various industries in the area of individual voivodeships. The studies covered the years 2015 and 2021. Statistical data came from the Central Statistical Office. The analysis of the spatial diversity of the location of food industry enterprises in Poland shows that the Mazowieckie Voivodeship and the Wielkopolskie Voivodeship are of key importance in this respect. In-depth research using the LQ indicator shows that this industry branch is also highly concentrated in the Podlaskie, Lubelskie and Łódzkie voivodeships, and the region›s specialization can also be concluded in the Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodeships.
AGEING OF EMPLOYEES IN POLAND COMPARED TO OTHER EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES: AGRICULTURAL WORKERS VS. OTHER OCCUPATIONS
Authors: Dudek Michał , Rosa Anna
Published: December 2023

The problem of the ageing labour force in agriculture and the effects of this process have been studied and widely discussed for a long time. The paper aims to determine the level and pace of ageing of employees in Poland compared to other European Union countries, and in particular to compare its scale between agricultural and other occupations. The study uses LFS data gathered in the EUROSTAT database and the comparative method in relation to values of the renewal ratio. The age structure of employees changed noticeably between 2002 and 2022. The proportion of employees aged 50-64 in the group of all employees increased by 11 pp. in the EU. The analyses show that in the years 2002-2022, in both the EU and Poland, agricultural workers were the oldest group among all the major occupation categories. The renewal ratio for the agricultural worker category was 1.2 in the EU and 1.4 in Poland in 2022. Nevertheless, in the period under consideration, in the EU and in Poland, the pace of ageing was relatively higher for other occupations, especially for services and sales workers, clerical support workers, and craft and related trades workers. On the other hand, managers are the only employee group in Poland reporting an increase in the renewal ratio. Changes in the age structure of the agricultural labour force in Poland and in the EU need to be explored in the context of the dynamic changes taking place in the agricultural sector in recent decades, and also in correlation with demographic trends in European societies.
FUNCTIONING OF AGRICULTURAL BIOGAS PLANTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TRANSACTION COSTS – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Ciechanowski Wojciech , Maciejczak Mariusz
Published: December 2023

Agricultural biogas plants transform organic waste into a valuable source of renewable energy, necessary for the energy transition. The institutional environment of agricultural biogas plants shapes the specific operating conditions. It also influences several aspects of the operation, from ensuring the quality of the raw materials used for energy production to selling the energy produced. The main objective of this article is to present the transaction costs incurred by an exemplary agricultural biogas plant and to indicate their impact on the company’s operations. To collect primary data, a structured interview was conducted with the owner of an agricultural biogas plant located in the Lubelskie Province in July 2023. The investigated company generates electricity and heat from agricultural biogas in a cogeneration system. The study concludes that transaction costs influence the choices made within the agricultural biogas plant and translate into its operation. The relevance of the information provided and the level of trust between the different participants in the transaction is indicated. This avoids in most cases an increase in the level of transaction costs as well as negative consequences for the operation of the agricultural biogas plant. The transactions concluded indicate that agricultural biogas plants primarily operate within a region and a local community. The study is a contribution to further research into the area of transaction costs occurring in agricultural biogas plants.
Incidence of urehtrocutaneous fistula formation during the first three postoperative months period of hypospadias reconstruction surgeries
Authors:   MBChB, F.I.C.M.S. (Urology) Assistant professor /Consultant Urologist, Kurdistan Higher Council of medical Specialties, Shwani Muhammad Abdullah Rahman , Abdullah Halgurd Azad ,   MBChB, KHCMS Trainee Urology, Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Erbil/Iraq, Miran Lawand Sardar Abdulhamid ,   MBChB, C.A.B.U. (Urology) senior urologist at Rizgary Teaching Hospital
Published: December 2023

Background and objectives: Urethrocutaneous fistula is one of the most frequent complications of hypospadias reconstructive surgeries. This study aimed to find the rate of fistula development following different types of reconstructive surgeries and their risk factors. Method: This study was conducted at Hawler teaching hospital, Rizgary teaching hospital, and Zheen international hospital in Erbil – Iraq from September 2020 to March 2021. A total number of 39 patients who underwent single-step surgery for reconstruction of hypospadias were included in this study and they were followed up for the first three months postoperatively for post-operative complications especially urethrocutaneuos fistula development. Results: Four patients out of thirty-nine developed urethral-cutaneous fistula (10.3%). A statistically significant relation was found between those aged older than 5 years and the rate of fistula development (three out of ten) (p-value = 0.023). Also, tourniquet time during the operation had a statistically significant relation with the incidence of fistula formation (mean time < 17.66 vs. > 20.5 minutes) in the fistula free vs. fistula group respectively (p =0.046). Conclusion: Reconstructive surgeries for hypospadias at earlier ages and with as short as possible tourniquet time reduce the incidence of fistula formation post-operatively.
Causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients admitted to Erbil hospitals
Authors:   MBChB, FIBMS (Med.) Ass. Prof. Kurdistan Higher Council for Medical Specialties, Ahmed Halgurd Fathulla
Published: December 2023

Background and objectives: This study aimed to Find the causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Erbil hospitals and to study these causes for the purpose of reducing their mortality. Methods: One hundred cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding have been collected. All the cases have been admitted to Erbil hospitals from March 2019 to March 2021. Demographic data, blood investigation, ultrasound, and endoscopy with rapid urease test for Helicobacter pylori infection have been done for all patients to find the cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Data analysis has been done by using a statistical package for Social Sciences -22. Results: A total number of fifty seven males and fourty three females, with upper gastrointestinal bleeding were included, eighty of them had positive rapid urease test by endoscopy, seventy five patients had duodenal ulcer, six cases had gastroesophageal varices, tumors found in five patients after histopathological investigation of the endoscopic biopsies, gastric erosions found in twelve patients. Ninty five of patients had first time bleeding, low hemoglobin found in fifty nine patients, that thiry of them presented in shock state, from these patients twenty two cases received more than five units of blood. Conclusion: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding mainly has been the cause duodenal ulcer bleeding which itself has been caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori. Secondly, drugs, which had been used, have been regarded as the main causes of bleeding.
Maternal Risk Factors and Perinatal Outcome in Women with Abruptio Placenta
Authors:   MbChB, Maternity Teaching Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erbil, Kurdistan Region -Iraq, Abas Lilan Abdlkhaliq , Jawad Ariana Khalis ,   MbChB, FICMS, Kurdistan Higher Council of Medical Specialties, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erbil, Kurdistan Region-Iraq
Published: December 2023

Background and objective: Abruptio placenta is a significant cause of antepartum hemorrhage associated with fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Our objective was to determine the maternal risk factors and subsequent fetal and maternal outcomes in women with abruption placenta. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out at Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq from 1st of August, 2020 until 1st of August, 2021. Sixty Women diagnosed with abruption placenta from 24 weeks of gestation and more were included. Maternal information was collected by a designed questionnaire to determine the risk factors associated with abruptio placentae and the mode of delivery with fetal and maternal outcomes. Results: Sixty pregnant women with abruptio placentae were included in the study. The main risk factors for abruption placenta were previous cesarean section, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and smoking. The rates of stillbirth and early neonatal death were 15% and 1.7% respectively. Newborns with low birth weight were 30%. Adverse maternal outcome for those delivered by emergency cesarean section was 22.7%, and (hysterectomy or other surgical procedures) was significantly high 22.7% among women aged ? 35 years. Perinatal mortality rate was significantly high when the delivery was with both emergency cs and vaginal delivery. The Fetal mortality was low 4.8% among neonates whose weight was 2.5 Kg and above, and it was high among neonates of less than 1 Kg 83.3%. Conclusion: Abruptio placenta associated with adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. Previous Caesarian section, gestational hypertension, and smoking are the main risk factors.
Thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantion
Authors:   MBChB, FKBMS (Int. Med), KHCMS (Neph) Trainee, Tahseen Mohammad Sami , Nouruldin Safa Ezzeddin ,   FICMS (Int. Med), FICMS (Neph), FRCP(Edin) Associate professor of medicine and nephrology
Published: December 2023

Background and objectives: Thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation is rare but serious complication. The purpose of this study is to describe the cases of thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study used the reports of all kidney transplant biopsies that were done in Kurdistan region from January 2017 to April 2022. The biopsy reports with diagnosis of Thrombotic microangiopathy were extracted from this total number and the patients, and pathological data included in the reports were recorded. Results: The total number of 1635 graft biopsies, of which 82 (5.01%) were found to have Thrombotic microangiopathy features. The mean age of studied patients with Thrombotic microangiopathy was (38.2 years) and male to female ratio as 2.3:1. We found 67.1% of cases of Thrombotic microangiopathy were associated with calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, 35.4% with rejection, 15.9% were recurrent thrombotic microangiopathy, and 40.2% were associated with other miscellaneous causes. Conclusions: Thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation is rare but debilitating complication. The cause is multifactorial in most cases in the light of coexistence of multiple risk factors in the kidney transplant recipients. Further studies are required to disentangle these overlapping risk factors. And allow for better prevention and treatment of this condition.
Screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection in women prepared for elective Cesarean Section: A tertiary hospital study
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity Teaching Hospital, Erbil city, Kurdistan region, Iraq, Ahmed Naz Mohammed , Alalaf Shahla Kareem ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan region, Erbil city, Iraq
Published: December 2023

Background and objectives: The SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major concern as universal testing should be undertaken to pregnant women due to the high danger of transmission from a pregnant woman to her newborn. This study was conducted to report the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in women admitted to hospital for purpose of preparation for elective cesarean section and to find out their risk factors and any histories of the infection previously. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 1000 on late third trimester pregnant women whom were prepared for elective cesarean section at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erbil-Iraq from 1st Aug 2021 till 30th Jul 2022, History of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and current signs and symptoms of the infection were recorded. All women underwent SARS-CoV-2 infection screening using nasal and throat swabs using polymerase chain reaction procedure. Results: Only (21.2%) of them were positive for the virus. There was a significant association between the current confirmed polymerase chain test with education, being a smoker, and all known signs and symptoms of the infection, such as fever, cough, and shortness of breath. When the clinical and social characteristics of women with low-risk and high-risk pregnancies were compared, there was a strong link between education, smoking, and loss of taste. Conclusion: Pregnant women may be advised to be tested for SARS-CoV-2 before cesarean section as almost one-quarter of participant were positive for the infection regardless of having sign and symptoms or not.
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE PARA PROFISSIONAIS DE UMA UNIDADE BÁSICA DE SAÚDE SOBRE MONKEYPOX: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: De Souza Valéria Slongo , Silva Tatiany Cristine
Published: December 2023

A Monkeypox, vírus da família Poxviridae do gênero Orthopoxvírus, sendo descrita pela primeira vez em 1958, de apresentação endêmica nas regiões da África Central e Ocidental até meados de 2022, atualmente, desperta alerta global após notificação em mais de 10 países em 2022. Objetivos: propagar informações sobre experiência exitosa de educação em saúde para profissionais da área atuantes na Atenção Primária à Saúde do Distrito Federal. Método: artigo do tipo relato de experiência, descritivo, retrospectiva utilizando metodologia do arco de Maguerez. Resultado: realizado sensibilização acerca do tema utilizando recursos audiovisuais, teatrais e procedimento operacional padrão para auxiliar os profissionais de enfermagem na coleta de amostras de lesões em pacientes suspeitos da infecção por Monkeypox.  Conclusão: diante de uma patologia de limitado conhecimento e de reduzida propagação de conhecimento, faz-se necessário a propagação de informações acerca do assunto e educação em saúde de profissionais da área de saúde com o intuito de prepará-los para o enfrentamento da doença e, promoção e prevenção da saúde para a população.
USO DE ULTRASSOM NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PLANOS PROFUNDOS E SUPERFICIAIS PARA LIPOENXERTIA EM MAMOPLASTIA DE AUMENTO: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: De Oliveira Rafael Kornalewski , Goldmann Ignacio Salonia , Zatt João Vitor Dal Ponte , Doutrelepont Andres Armelin , Daros Flávia Serafin , Favero Milena de Mello , Murtinho Rafaela Funcke , Schacker Victória
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Identificar planos profundos e superficiais da mama através do ultrassom para lipoenxertia em procedimentos de mamoplastia de aumento. Método: Revisão de literatura nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed. Utilizaram-se os descritores “breast fat grafting”, “augmentation mammoplasty”, “ultrasound breast fat grafting”, incluindo artigos na língua inglesa sem limitação de data de publicação.  Resultados: O ultrassom é pode ser ferramenta que auxilia os cirurgiões plásticos a conferirem resultados mais naturais quando se fala em cirurgias de mamoplastia. A gordura geralmente é colocada no músculo peitoral maior, que fornece volume e projeção, mas é a colocação de gordura nos tecidos mais superficiais que controla a modelagem da mama. Pequenos e grandes defeitos mamários podem ser preenchidos; proeminências ósseas e bordas visíveis do implante podem ser disfarçadas; dano de radiação pode ser melhorado; reconstruções podem ser refinadas; seios difíceis podem ser moldados com precisão; os implantes podem ser removidos e substituídos por gordura; e um aumento simples e natural pode ser realizado. É essencial que a gordura seja colocada em alíquotas muito pequenas para maximizar a área de superfície para revascularização e minimizar a chance de necrose gordurosa. Conclusões: O uso do Ultrassom tem sido ferramenta inovadora para lipoenxertia em técnicas de contorno corporal. Na mamoplastia de aumento, tem função útil na visualização com exatidão a área a ser enxertada. Áreas de lipoenxertia ainda não são bem definidas, uma vez que a injeção de gordura é muitas vezes feita em todos os níveis da mama. Através do uso do ultrassom associado a lipoenxertia de planos profundos musculares e de planos superficiais em associação de mamoplastia de aumento, pequenos e grandes defeitos mamários podem ser preenchidos; proeminências ósseas e bordas visíveis do implante podem ser disfarçadas.
Effect of different levels of added selenium without or with arsenic on rumen fermentation parameters in buffaloes under in vitro conditions
Authors: DATT CHANDER , KUMAR AJAY , KUNDU S S
Published: December 2023

Studies were conducted to find the effect of addition of different levels of selenium (Se) without or with arsenic (As) on rumen fermentation parameters viz., in vitro gas production (IVGP), true organic matter digestibility (TOMD), microbial biomass production (MBP), total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and individual volatile fatty acids (IVFA) under in vitro conditions. Basal substrate (200 mg) comprising of paddy straw and concentrate mixture (40: 60) alongwith different levels of Se (0, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12 and 14μg/200 mg substrate or per syringe) was incubated in 100 ml glass syringes. Arsenic, an antagonist of Se in form of sodium arsenite, was used @ 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 100 μg levels added to the substrate (200 mg). The inhibitory effect on TOMD, IVGP, MBP and TVFA was observed at 12 μg added Se level. Addition of As at 10 or 20 μg level to the substrate (200 mg) containing 12 μg Se improved rumen fermentation parameters under in vitro system, however, further addition of As (40, 80 or 100 μg) showed negative effects on these parameters.
Performance of growing lambs on rations containing Lathyrus grainsas protein source
Authors: DAS M M , YADAV V K , SINGH A , GHOSH P K , SARKER A
Published: December 2023

The effect of feeding Lathyrus grain as substitute of GNC protein in the diet of lambs was studied for nutrient utilization, blood and rumen metabolites and growth performance. Jalauni lambs (n=18) weighing around 16.45±1.50 kg were randomly allocated into three dietary treatments in a completely randomized block design. In the control group (LG0), the animals were fed ad lib. green chaff of fodder Sorghum bicolor cv. M. P. Chari with concentrate mixture as per requirement whereas in the LG50 and LG100, the crude protein of groundnut cake was replaced @50% and 100% with Lathyrus grain (LG) protein in the concentrate mixture, respectively. Supplementation of LG did not influence the total DMI (g/day) in animals of different experimental groups. Digestibility(%) of DM, OM, and cell wall polysaccharides (NDF, ADF, cellulose) was also comparable amongst the different dietary groups, while CP digestibility was higher in LG50 group than LG0 or LG100 group. Digestible crude protein (DCP) content was higher in LG50 than LG0 or LG 100 whereas total digestible nutrients (TDN) contents were comparable amongst the treatment groups. Similarly, rumen metabolites and all the blood parameters were comparable among the groups and within the normal physiological range. The daily body weight gain was not affected with the experimental diets. It could be concluded that Lathyrus grain could be used as an alternative source of protein in the concentrate mixture without any adverse impacts on nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and growth performance of Jalauni lambs.
Strategies in sample preparation for proteome analysis of biological fluids from water buffaloes
Authors: BALHARA ASHOK KUMAR , SANGWAN SUMAN , GHOSH MAYUKH , KUMAR RAJESH , PHULIA S K , SINGH INDERJEET
Published: December 2023

Livestock species such as water buffalo have some unique characteristics like high fat percentage in milk and plasma, poor sample generation, peculiar behaviour, etc. making it difficult for proteomic analysis of such samples. Additionally, there is a limited database in terms of identified proteins, characterised antibodies and functional attributes of known molecules specific to buffalo. The body fluids like blood, milk, urine and foetal fluids offer a great opportunity in understanding physio-pathological processes and thus aid in developing reliable diagnostics. Standardised sample preparation protocols are key to advancement of proteomics science. Optimising sample preparation for 2-DE proteomics in buffalo serum, milk, and foetal fluids is crucial. Commercially available kits or laboratory methods for clean-up, enrichment, and condition optimising can be applied for getting optimum results. The 2-D clean up strategy is an important step in sample preparation procedures to get rid of inferring substances which hamper IEF. The sample preparation of the buffalo biological fluids (serum, foetal fluids, maternal uterine flushing and milk samples) reported in the present study shall provide valuable information for further research.
Development of Cattle Disease Diagnosis Expert System (CaDDES): A web application for the diagnosis of cattle diseases
Authors: KRISHNAMOORTHY P , DHARSHAN H V , CHANDRASEKHAR T M , SURESH K P
Published: December 2023

In the present study, an attempt was made to develop an expert system for the diagnosis of cattle diseases under field conditions by Veterinarians. A questionnaire tool was developed and used for collecting the scores for symptoms or signs of 13 cattle diseases for diagnosis. The tool was tested for face validity by pilot survey with experts and content validity by calculating Aiken’s value index. The scores for the signs or symptoms were collected from 178 field veterinarians from different states in India. The scores obtained were tested for reliability and consistency by using the split-half test [88.7%] and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient [92.7%], respectively. The weighted matrix was calculated for the 51 signs or symptoms obtained for 13 cattle diseases. The CaDDES, a web application wasdeveloped using PHP, HTML, JavaScript, and MySQL computer programming languages. This web application contains Home, Introduction, About CaDDES, Disease Diagnosis, Development Team, and Contact pages. The Veterinarians need to enter the basic details of cattle and select the signs or symptoms observed in the particular cattle under field conditions. The results page will display the three probable diseases diagnosed for the selected signs or symptoms. Further, the necessary samples to be collected for laboratory confirmation and preventive measures to be undertaken were also provided. This web application will be useful for field level diagnosis of cattle diseases by Veterinarians and later by farmers. It may also be useful as a surveillance application, which will improve cattle disease reporting in the future.
Prevalence, extended-spectrum β-lactamase and biofilm production ability ofEscherichia coli isolated from buffalo mastitis
Authors: YADAV SARITA , DEVI PARVINA , BOORA ASHOK , NISHU  , KUMAR PRADEEP , AMANDEEP  , LOHCHAB RAJESH KUMAR , KUMAR ANIL
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to determine the prevalence, antibiotic resistance pattern, extended-spectrum, beta-lactamase production and biofilm forming ability of isolated E. coli strains from buffaloes mastitis milk. Out of 549 bacterial isolates from mastitis milk of buffaloes (n, animal level= 472) between 2019 and 2022, a total of 43 E. coli strains were isolated with an overall prevalence of 9.11% at animal level. Prevalence of E coli was high in unorganised buffalo herd (11.36%) from villages of Farmer FIRST project (ICAR-FFP) compared with organised buffalo farms (6.73%). The highest resistance was against Penicillin 43 (100%) followed by Ceftriaxone 18 (41.86%), Amoxycillin/Sulbactam 8 (18.60%) and Enrofloxacin 7 (16.27%). Additionally, all were sensitive to gentamycin 43 (100%) followed by Cefoperazone/Sulbactam 34 (79.06%). Cephalosporins are frequently used antibiotics to treat bovine mastitis. However, their therapeutic effectiveness is being compromised by bacterial resistant to β-lactams. In present study, a total of 32 (6.78% %) extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing E coli were isolated from mastitic buffalo milk (n=43/472). In total, 17 (39.5%) isolates were biofilm producers by microtiter-plate method. There was statistically non-significant relationship between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance as well as between ESBL production and biofilm formation in E coli strains. Present study demonstrated a high occurrence of ESBL and biofilm producing E. coli in buffalo mastitis milk, implementing a significant challenge to treat mastitis in buffaloes, necessitates judicious use of antimicrobials and to explore potential therapeutic agents as substitutes forantibiotics to treat bovine mastitis effectively.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ГЕСТАЦИОННОГО ВОЗРАСТА И ВЕСА МАЛОВЕСНОГО РЕБЕНКА РОДИВШИХСЯ ОТ МАТЕРЕЙ С ПРЕЭКЛАМСИЕЙ НА ТЕЧЕНИЕ НЕОНАТАЛЬНОЙ ЖЕЛТУХИ
Authors: Навруз-зода Махлиё , Юлдашева Гулноз
Published: December 2023

Аннотация: Данное научное исследование посвящен изучению состояния здоровья недоношенных новорожденных, родившихся от матерей с преэклампсией. Обсуждается связь преэклампсии с желтухой недоношенных, маловесных детей к гестационному возрасту, почечной патологией, перинатальной энцефалопатией и дезадаптацией периода новорожденности.  Цель исследования: изучить особенности тяжести течения желтухи у маловесных детей родившихся от матерей с преэклампсией в зависимости от гестационного возраста и веса новорожденного. Материал и методы. Работа выполнялась на кафедре педиатрии БухМИи Бухарском перинатальном центре. Поднаблюдением находились 44 маловесных детей родившихся от матерей с преэклампсией, которые по гестационному сроку разделены на 2 группы. Первую группу составили 22 недоношенные дети родившиеся от матерей с преэклампсией в сроке 22-28 недель (ранние недоношенные); во вторую группу составили 22 недоношенные дети   родившиеся от матерей с преэклампсией в сроке 29-37 недель (поздние недоношенные). Всем новорожденным были проведены общеклинические и биохимические анализы (общий билирубин и его фракции, общ белок, глюкоза в крови). Оценка тяжести желтухи проведено по шкале Крамера. Результаты и их обсуждение: Результаты анализов показали, в 1-группе средний вес новорожденных составила 872,3г, во второй группе 1945,4г из них у 4 новорожденных диагностирован синдром задержки внутриутробного развития. В 1-группе максимальный уровень достигло до 246 мкмоль/л на 6-у сутки. Средняя продолжительность желтухи составило 15 дней. Во второй группе максимальный уровень достигло до 209,5 мкмоль/л и наблюдалось на 4-5е сутки жизни. Средняя продолжительность желтухи составило 12 дней. Заключение. Чем моложе гестационный возраст и меньше вес, тем уровень билирубина выше и продолжительное течение желтухи.
PENGETAHUAN PETANI DALAM MEMBUDIDAYAKAN TANAMAN JAGUNG HIBRIDA DI DESA WAKONTU KECAMATAN WADAGA KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT
Authors: Srofela Srofela , Sidu Dasmin , Abdullah Sukmawati
Published: December 2023

Corn is one of the most important crops in the world along with wheat and rice. People living in many areas of Indonesia also use corn as a solid food as well as a source of carbohydrates, and this genetically engineered corn is now grown as a pharmaceutical product. Farmers' knowledge is everything that farmers know about crop business and business opportunities or job opportunities for farmers. This study aims to: Find out how the level of knowledge of farmers in cultivating hybrid corn plants in Wakontu Village, Wadaga District, West Muna Regency. This research was conducted in Wakontu Village, Wadaga District, West Muna Regency which was carried out from May to June 2022 with a total of 21 farmer respondents who were determined using the Slovin formula. Data analysis in this study used quantitative methods. The results showed that the level of knowledge of farmers in cultivating hybrid corn was in the medium category. where there are still some deficiencies in hybrid corn farming. This can be seen from the process of planting, maintenance to pest control.
FAKTOR PENDORONG ALIH USAHATANI JAGUNG KE USAHATANI NILAM DI DESA KOMBIKUNO KECAMATAN NAPANO KUSAMBI KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT
Authors: Munarti Munarti , Batoa Hartina , Hamzah Awaluddin
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the driving factors for the transfer of corn farming to patchouli farming in Kombikuno Village, Napano Kusambi District, West Muna Regency with a total of 25 informants. The method in this study uses qualitative analysis with the proposed by Miles and Huberman, namely data reduction, data presentation, and initial conclusions. The research results show that the motivating factor for the transfer of corn farming to patchouli farming in Kombikuno Village, Napano Kusambi District, West Muna Regency is influenced by two factors, namely technical factors (plant cultivation) including land management, maintenance, and post-harvest handling; and social factors include seeing the success of other farmers and following friends.
KINERJA BALAI PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN NAPABALANO DALAM USAHATANI JAGUNG DI DESA PENTIRO KECAMATAN NAPABALANO KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Ramlan Siti , Rianse Usman , Salahuddin Salahuddin , Mardin Mardin
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the level of performance of the Napabalano Agricultural Extension Center in Corn Farming in Pentiro Village, Napabalano District. The location of this research was determined purposively or intentionally based on the consideration that the Agricultural Extension Center (BPP) in Napabalano District is still active and is still running well in accordance with the program that has been prepared and is one of the designated villages so that the agricultural sector can improve welfare, especially for corn farmers. The number of respondents was 22 farmers who were determined using the census method. Data were analyzed using the class interval formula. The results showed that the performance of the Napabalano Agricultural Extension Center was in a fairly good category with a score of 60.954 as seen from the level of responsiveness, service quality and responsibility.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI ADOPSI TEKNOLOGI SISTEM TANAM BENIH LANGSUNG (TABELA) PADA USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI DESA KUKULURI KECAMATAN ANGGOTOA KABUPATEN KONAWE
Authors: Nasrun Muhammad Al-hady , Taufik Yani , Arimbawa Putu , Nalefo La
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the adoption of TABELA system technology in lowland rice farming in Kukuluri Village, Anggotoa District, Konawe Regency. Determination of research locations purposively. The population in this study were farmers in lowland rice farming activities in Kukuluri Village. Determination of the sample was carried out using a proportional random sampling technique of 62 people. Data analysis by logistic regression. The results showed that the factors of land area, productivity and acceptance had a significant and significant effect on the adoption of the TABELA system technology in lowland rice farming in Kukuluri Village. While the labor factor of farm laborers and family labor has no effect and is not significant on the adoption of the TABELA system technology in swah rice farming in Kukuluri Village, Anggotoa District, Konawe Regency.
HUBUNGAN PEMANFAATAN SOSIAL MEDIA FACEBOOK DENGAN KOMPETENSI PETANI TANAMAN SAYURAN DI DESA LALOSINGI KECAMATAN LALOLAE KABUPATEN KOLAKA TIMUR
Authors: Mustaming Suci Aulia , Rela Iskandar Zainuddin , Lasinta Megafirmawanti
Published: December 2023

This study aims, namely to find out how the utilization of Facebook social media, to find out how the competence of farmers in cultivating vegetables, and to determine the relationship between the utilization of Facebook social media with the competence of vegetable crop farmers. The research was conducted on all vegetable farmers who use Facebook social media in cultivating vegetable crops in Lalosingi Village, Lalolae District, East Kolaka Regency as many as 32 people, sampling using census techniques with data collection methods carried out by means of surveys, interviews, and documentation. Data were collected using a research questionnaire using a Likert scale. The selection of the research location was carried out purposively with the consideration that the research location is one of the villages where most of the people work as farmers and utilize Facebook social media to get information related to vegetable cultivation. This study used class interval analysis and correlation (Rank Spearman) with the help of SPSS version 22. The results showed that the use of Facebook social media (Context, Communication, Collaboration) and the competence of vegetable farmers in Lalosingi Village were in the high category seen from the knowledge, attitudes and skills possessed by farmers in vegetable cultivation. There is a significant relationship between the use of Facebook social media and the competence of vegetable farmers in Lalosingi Village.
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PETANI DALAM BUDIDAYA RUMPUT LAUT DI KELURAHAN WANDAKA KECAMATAN KULISUSU KABUPATEN BUTON UTARA
Authors: Neliati Neliati , Batoa Hartina , Rosmawaty Rosmawaty
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of farmers in seaweed cultivation in Wandaka Village, Kulisusu District, North Buton Regency. This research was conducted on all seaweed farmers in Wandaka Village. The selection of the research location was determined purposively with the consideration that it is an area that cultivates seaweed plants. As for this research, it was carried out from November to December 2022. The research results were analyzed using class intervals. The results showed that the level of knowledge of farmers in seaweed cultivation in Wandaka Village, Kulisusu District, North Buton Regency was in the high category as seen from farmers' knowledge in aspects of site selection, seed selection, planting, maintenance, pest and disease control, and harvesting. For aspects of farmers' knowledge in seaweed cultivation which are in the high category, namely in the aspects of site selection, selection of seeds, planting, and harvesting. As for the aspects of farmers' knowledge in seaweed cultivation which are in the medium category, namely aspects of maintenance and control of pests and diseases.
PELATIHAN DAN BIMBINGAN TEKNIS BUDIDAYA HIDROPONIK UNTUK SISWA PONDOK PESANTREN ABDURRAHMAN BIN AUF WAHDAH ISLAMIYAH KENDARI
Authors: Bafadal Azhar , Sudarmo Hadi , Taufik Muhammad , Khaeruni R. Andi , Fausayana Ine , Bahari
Published: December 2023

Mitra dalam kegiatan PKM ini adalah Siswa Pondok Pesantren Abdurrahman Bin Auf Yayasan Wahdah Islamiyah Kendari. Permasalahan Mitra yaitu belum adanya keterampilan dan pengetahuan siswa dalam berwirausaha yang menjadi tuntutan pengelola dari pondok pesantren tersebut. Siswa yang dilibatkan dalam kegiatan pelatihan tersebut adalah kelas XII agar keterampilan tersebut diteruskan kepada siswa-siswa lainnya. Selain itu dapat memenuhi kebutuhan sayuran di lingkungan pondok pesantren. Pendekatan yang dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan persoalan Mitra adalah dengan menyeleggarakan pelatihan dan bimbingan teknis di dalam dan di luar ruangan. Pelatihan tersebut menyangkut berwirausaha, teknik budidaya, dan pemasaran hidroponik yang dimulai dari transfer pengetahuan di dalam kelas melalui ceramah, kunjungan pembelajaran pada wirausaha hidroponik yang sudah eksis, dan pembuatan instalasi hidroponik, praktek budidaya sampai dengan panen. Peserta pelatihan menyatakan bahwa memperoleh manfaat dan menyatakan puas dengan mengikuti pelatihan ini dengan dengan skor 8,94 (skor penilaian antara 1- 10). Peserta pelatihan yang menyatakan tertarik untuk mengusahakan tanaman hidroponik untuk kebutuhan sendiri mencapai 72% dan sisanya 28% yang menyatakan belum tahu. Dari semua peserta pelatihan terdapat 44% yang tertarik untuk melanjutkan hasil dari pelatihan ini untuk berwirausaha hidroponik dan 56% menyatakan belum tahu. Jika dibandingkan keadaan sebelum mengikuti pelatihan dengan setelah mengikuti pelatihan maka tampak bahwa ada peningkatan minat berwirausaha dari peserta yang semula 35% meningkat menjadi 44%. Indikator tersebut menjadi pertanda bahwa harapan menjadikan peserta untuk berwirausaha setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini cukup besar.
Government Policy on Gayo Women's Coffee Cooperative Community in Bener Meriah Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Mursyidin Mursyidin , Darmansyah Dedy , Yulianda Riki , Fauzi Fauzi , Asra Saiful , Alwi Alwi
Published: December 2023

The Gayo Women's Coffee Cooperative (KOKOWA GAYO) is Southeast Asia's first women's cooperative to trade Gayo Arabica coffee to the international market. The marketing is to Europe and the United States through cooperation agreements to export coffee commodities with three international investors: Fairtrade, Ecocert, and Cafe Feminino Foundation. The annual contract to export Gayo Arabica coffee commodity is in the amount of 20 containers. This cooperative has 500 farmers trained to break the marketing chain from loan sharks to increase the income and economic welfare of the coffee farmers. The decision-making made by women in this cooperative requires government involvement in terms of policies that support the export of coffee commodities to international markets. Yet, there is still miscommunication between the government and the KOKOWAGAYO. Because of these problems, a data analysis was carried out using radical feminism theory and structural functionality. The research paradigm used was the critical paradigm with a qualitative methodological approach. The result of this study indicates that they carried out KOKOWAGAYO, a women's cooperative. Also, miscommunication occurred regarding government regulations on policies issued by the cooperative because it independently exported coffee commodities to international markets, and the government has issued regulations or policies related to the safeguarding of Gayo Arabica coffee authenticity through a Decree of Origin (SKA) and the Gayo Coffee Protection Society (MPKG).
The Effect of Organizational Culture and Authentic Leadership on Affective Commitment through Job Satisfaction
Authors: Nurlianti Nurlianti , Hidayati Tetra , Wijaya Adi
Published: December 2023

Human resources are very important for an organization to achieve any goal. With good HR management, the achievement of organizational goals can be influenced. Skilled human resources are very valuable and cannot be replaced by natural resources, additional capital, or new technology. Therefore, the importance of human resources, both as managers and employees, is in planning, implementing and supervising the organization. Thus, the current study seeks to examine the effect of organizational culture and authentic leadership on job satisfaction and affective commitment of employees of the North Penajam Paser Regency KUKMPERINDAG Service. All 96 employees were participated in this study and collected using simple random sampling technique. The data analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Square assisted by SmartPLS-3. The result indicates that organizational culture and authentic leadership have significant positive relationship with job satisfaction. Also, this study found that organizational culture and satisfaction work have significant positive relationship with affective commitment. Besides that, this study indicates that authentic leadership does not significant relationship with affective commitment. In addition, this study found that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between authentic leadership and affective commitment. This study concludes that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction. This means that the better the implementation of organizational culture, the more it will be able to encourage employee job satisfaction. Organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on employee affective commitment, this can mean that improving organizational culture is able to encourage employee affective commitment. Authentic leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction. This means that authentic leadership can encourage employee job satisfaction.
Camera trapping reveals habitat overlap between snow leopards and common leopards in Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Nepal.
Authors: Chetri Madhu , Ale Purna Bahadur , Odden Morten
Published: December 2023

We provide camera trap records of the presence of two large predators: the snow leopard Panthera uncia and common leopard Panthera pardus from the same habitats in Lapchi Valley of Gaurishankar Conservation Area. Camera traps were laid for 2,304 (mean 88.62 Å} SD 103.34) trap nights in 26 locations (elevation range: 2,140 to 4,350 m, area: 141.63 km2). A total of 55, 219 pictures were recorded from November 2022 to May 2023. Out of 26 camera stations, two camera stations captured the images of both species at an altitude of 4,000 m and 4,260 m in Lapchi Valley. The Relative Abundance Indices of snow leopards and common leopards were 7.51 SD 6.35 and 9.84 SD 6.35 per 100 trap days/nights, and independent detection rates were 0.41 and 0.52 respectively. This is the first evidence of habitat overlap between two large vulnerable predators in Gaurishankar Conservation Area. The nature of the coexistence or competition between these predators needs further investigation.
War and Peace: Biographical Milestones
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Petukhova Svetlana A.
Published: December 2023

The article is the first attempt to provide a comprehensive exploration of the creation of Prokofiev’s epic opera War and Peace. In particular, the article focuses on the preconditions of the concept, compositional stages, structural principles of writing a huge piece of music, approaches to its dramaturgic interpretation as well as the recreation of stage life of the opera and the analysis of its perception by critics. Chronologically, the history of the creation covers almost 12 years (1941– 1953), which is a record period in Prokofiev’s biography. In total, War and Peace underwent five editions. The article analyses the conditions which made the production of this timely work so much anticipated by Russian public impossible in Russia. War and Peace was a unique operatic composition created by a world-famous composer, however, it did not mean the opera would easily reach its audience. Leo Tolstoy is one of Russia’s patriotic classics, which means that any interpreter of his work is supposed to follow the ideological triad of “nationalism, optimism, and realism”. In addition, the plot centered around the Patriotic War of 1812 at the height of the Patriotic War of the 1940s had to be even more patriotic in its nature. In view of the above, Prokofiev was forced to transform the composition for a lyric chamber theater into a grandiose national and historical epic. It is hardly possible to say whether his attempt was a success, since he deliberately did not canonize any of the resulting redactions for future performances. Two world premieres of War and Peace took place in Prague on June 25, 1948 (first stage redaction) and in Florence on May 26, 1953 (second stage redaction, a one-evening version). Five of the nine Prokofiev’s opera premieres were held abroad. Against the disappointing statistics, these five performances stand out as a symbol of freedom of musical creativity and a memorial to the defeated aspirations of a genius.
Approaches to Recapitulation in the Musical Forms of Classical Style and Romanticism
Authors:   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Pylaev Mikhail Ye.
Published: December 2023

The article explores recapitulation as a specific musical phenomenon which is rare in the arts that exist in time. The article reveals a deep dialectic of the recapitulation as an agent of development and affirmation which drives changes even with literal repetition. Recapitulation is a convincing proof that academic music tends to produce complete and substantive musical forms. The analysis is deliberately limited to ternary and sonata forms. They are associated with the most effective use of recapitulation as well as with the organic combination of several approaches to form building. Based on the system of views developed primarily in Russian musicology, the article reveals a specific role of recapitulation and its characteristics. It further explores the role of repeatability which is manifest in the arts with high level of generalization (“pure” instrumental music, architecture, choreography). The recapitulation in classical and romantic music is analyzed through its perception by a competent listener with a developed “sense of recapitulation”. This approach allows to focus on the effect of “frustrated expectations” as well as various interpretations and unique artistic solutions offered by composers. Theme and harmony are seen as the foundations of form (as a type of composition). They are used to approach retransition as well as a more or less significant reworking of the recapitulation which is sometimes expected at its very beginning. A special focus is given to individual approaches to recapitulation in the works by W. A. Mozart, L. Beethoven, J. Brahms, and S. Rachmaninoff. In view of the above, the author concludes that recapitulation is a complex phenomenon, which, to a certain extent, accumulates some essential qualities of European academic music of the second half of the 18th-19th centuries.