bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overview of Banjo History
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C.
Published: January 2024

The origins of the banjo are discussed along with historical context. Roughly 300,000 slaves or 2.5% of the West African slave trade entered the United States, mostly between 1691-1810. Enslaved peoples were from displaced nationalities, ethnic groups, cultures, and languages, and they brought various instruments of their culture with them to the Americas. Over time, the gourd banjo evolved from various influences. White Americans learned to play the banjo, at different places and different times, through African and European cultural exchanges. The banjo appeared in blackface entertainment prior to the Revolutionary war and, therefore, prior to minstrelsy and the Civil War. Following the Civil War, advances in banjo playing techniques, publications, design and manufacturing occurred. “Hillbilly,” later “Country,” music emerged from the Southern Appalachians in the early 1900s, but the banjo was usually not a featured instrument. Earl Scruggs deserves the major credit for the emergence of the banjo in Bluegrass music and Scruggs-style playing is the most common type played today. Other innovations in the music of the banjo, including melodic style, have occurred to the present day.
The Banjo in Haywood County
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C.
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the development of the prominence of the banjo in Haywood County. By the early 1800s, European Americans were beginning to learn to play the banjo from enslaved African Americans. This chapter explores the development of the prominence of the banjo in Haywood County. It includes sections about “Slavery in North Carolina,” “Slavery in Western North Carolina,” and “Early Settlers.” The importance and significance of mountaineer geographical and cultural “isolation” and its significance is emphasized. “Songcatchers” in the late 19th and early 20th century and the development of an “in-home folkway” are reviewed extensively. Finally, there are sections about Early Reports of The Banjo in Western North Carolina and in Haywood County. Late 19th and early 20th century developments in Haywood County and their effect on the banjo are reviewed. The importance of these developments on the dilution of the in-home folkway in the county is demonstrated.
“Makin’ Music”
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C.
Published: January 2024

A definition and overview of “Makin’ Music” is given. Its roots are the in-home folkway. At times it lasted into the wee hours of the morning or even all night. It is not now as widespread as in the past.
Earliest Memories of the Banjo
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C.
Published: January 2024

The earliest memories the interviewees have of the banjo specifically are recounted. Family get-togethers, friends, church, and radio, as well as overall Haywood County milieu, were important venues for these earliest memories. Some remember specific instances. Earl Scruggs was an important early memory of the banjo for the older players.
Beginning to Learn to Play the Banjo
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C.
Published: January 2024

It is critical that the aspiring banjo player strongly wants to learn to play. This has been true for almost 200 years. Few read music and the few who do did not use that skill to learn how to play. The majority of learning occurred “by ear” in person-to-person encounters, usually a family member, friend, or acquaintance. Most have good musical “ears.” All listened to other banjo players and tried to “pick up” something. A small number also had formal lessons for a time.
What Does It Feel Like?
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C.
Published: January 2024

Playing the banjo is a complex experience and, most of the time, a great experience. Banjo players used words like “peace, happy, joy, freedom, fulfilment, delight,” etc., to describe their feelings when playing the banjo. These feelings may be had individually while practicing or while playing with a band. All the banjo players have experienced “flow state” or “flow.”
What Has the Banjo Meant to Me?
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C.
Published: January 2024

The banjo has been important in the lives of all the banjo players. Not all mention the same things that were particularly important to them. Relationships have been important as well as playing with their fathers or children.
The Bands, the People, the Places, the Events
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C.
Published: January 2024

Chapter 12 is an overview of bands, persons, places, and events, in Haywood County that were important in the history of music and the banjo in Haywood County. Most of the banjo players were, at least at some point, members of bands, including “novitiate” bands. These bands often played square dances, clog dancers, or dance competitions. Local venues, regional festivals, and “fiddlers’ conventions” were important individually and for playing with others, sometimes “all night.” Singing was also important. Historic figures in the banjo and also music in Haywood County are noted.
Three Journeys
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C.
Published: January 2024

This chapter presents more detailed biographies of three exceptional banjo players in Haywood County. Doug Trantham (clawhammer), Steve Sutton (Three finger, Scruggs Style), and Marc Pruett (Three Finger, Scruggs Style).
Introduction
Authors: Timreck Lee Ann
Published: January 2024

This chapter introduces the two nineteenth-century African American sculptors, Mary Edmonia Lewis (1844-1909) and Meta Warrick Fuller (1877-1968), their emancipation sculptures, and the historical and social context of post-Civil War America that influenced their depiction of Black emancipation. This book argues that Lewis’s Forever Free and Fuller’s Emancipation qualify as nineteenth-century historical artifacts, and their historical narrative – told from the perspective of African American women-make a unique contribution to the history of Black freedom. Thus, this section also describes the scholarship and analytical framework used to interpret Lewis and Fuller’s emancipation art and provides the reader with a description of each chapter.
Women of Mark
Authors: Timreck Lee Ann
Published: January 2024

This chapter introduces the reader to the lives and art of Mary Edmonia Lewis and Meta Warrick Fuller, and their emancipation sculptures Forever Free and Emancipation. As highly accomplished African American “women of mark,” Lewis and Fuller not only broke racial barriers through their realistic and dignified depiction of their Black subjects, but they also crafted a rare, and powerful visual narrative of emancipation from the Black perspective. Although similar in theme, the two emancipation sculptures were sculpted fifty years apart and differ greatly in artistic style, emotion, and narrative. To understand the differences between each artists’ depiction of the Black emancipation experience, this chapter explores the how the elements of craft, culture, and privacy influenced each artist and shaped their art.
Never Forget
Authors: Timreck Lee Ann
Published: January 2024

Power and access are keys to the creation of historical memory, and white power enabled a national memory of the Civil War and Reconstruction that, to this day, we struggle to correct. This chapter explores how historical racism has permeated our public landscapes, educational institutions, and curriculum, making the history of Black emancipation nearly invisible to the American public; and how Lewis and Fuller’s powerful visualization of the Black emancipation experience can reshape our understanding of this critical period of history. The historical narrative of the Black emancipation experience—replete with the personal stories and lived experiences of African Americans - must become part of our national consciousness.
The Velveteen Rabbit in Italy
Authors: Camicia Claudia , Paruolo Elena
Published: January 2024

This chapter presents a detailed survey of The Velveteen Rabbit’s dissemination and reception in Italy over the past thirty years. It draws comparisons between the English original and the Italian translations/adaptations/reductions focusing on artistic, stylistic, and linguistic choices and shows how The Velveteen Rabbit’s popularity rate rose beginning in 2007. The chapter draws parallels between Williams’s story, Carlo Collodi’s Pinocchio (1881-83), and Gianni Rodari’s La freccia azzurra (1964) (The Befana’s Toyshop, 1970), where toys long to cast off their inanimate condition and come to life. The story represents the aims of education and healing, and gains importance as a sort of “manifesto” for children’s rights.
Boy Caretaking and Authority in a Twenty-First-Century Fairy Tale
Authors: Sammartino Paige
Published: January 2024

The Velveteen Rabbit and The Little Prince share a humble truth in their fairy-tale styled narratives: that which is loved, no matter how small, holds great meaning and significance. For the Little Prince, the time he's spent caring for his Rose on his tiny asteroid has endeared her to him and made her unique even among the thousands of roses he discovers in an ordinary garden on earth. For the Velveteen Rabbit, the time he's spent in the arms and imagination of his Boy has made him Real and transformed him from toy to living animal. The chapter discusses the Boy and the Little Prince as child—and, more specifically, boy—caretakers of the Rabbit and Rose respectively, and considers the complementary experience of reading the books together, as one narrative follows the perspective of the child caretaker while the other follows the perspective of the subject of a child's care.
Metamorphosis: The Disabled Toy Made “Real” as an Eternally Abled Rabbit
Authors: Pollard Scott T. , Keeling Kara K.
Published: January 2024

The Velveteen Rabbit seems to pursue a conventionally ableist view of disability. Williams writes what all normate narratives do: she would erase disability from the Boy’s and toy’s present and future, so that readers no longer have to worry, because “the traces of disability” have been eradicated and the future is full of promise. But there is another interpretation of The Velveteen Rabbit—worth pursuing as a counternarrative to ableist closure—which opens the book up to a disabling reading, what Nancy Mairs characterizes in Carnal Acts as living with “ambivalences” without searching for a cure (or death or tragedy), a resolution, or a way out of or around the experience of disability. At the end of the book, the recovered Boy witnesses the visible traces of his beloved toy in the magically metamorphosed rabbit, made real twice over and, thus, preserving the trace of the disabled body.
Whiteness and the Selective Tradition in The Velveteen Rabbit
Authors: Hinton KaaVonia
Published: January 2024

According to Violet Harris, the selective tradition of children’s literature portrays the images, values, and beliefs of Whites, including “racial intolerance, institutionalized discrimination, and social inequity” (192). In The Velveteen Rabbit, Williams appears to write a largely colorblind or neutral story in which she avoids explicitly attaching racial identity to characters. Yet, colorblindness is rooted in whiteness, particularly White ideas of what is natural, normal, and acceptable. Although whiteness is situated as an implied, subtle norm, White racial identity, and how it intersects with gender and class, is actually prominent throughout the storybook, especially in the representation of the pretty, powerful Fairy. This chapter reveals articulations of whiteness in the original 1922 version of The Velveteen Rabbit illustrated by William Nicholson and four picture book adaptations that maintain the selective tradition.
Du Bois Has Left Us, but He Has Not Died
Authors: Sinitiere Phillip Luke
Published: January 2024

In the years following his death in 1963, scholars and citizens attempted to make sense of W.E.B. Du Bois’s intellectual legacy during the Cold War and beyond as a Black freedom fighter: as reformer-turned-radical, and as someone whose communism grounded his thinking about political freedom and economic justice for Black and oppressed people at home and abroad. Du Bois’s definitions of freedom emphasized independence of thought and an autonomy to simply exist as a human being in the world—in all of one’s emotional, intellectual, psychological, and relational specificities. For Du Bois freedom was living life through one’s individual subjectivity in light of humanity’s collective interdependence. The strength of his dictum of all for one, one for all, in turn, animated the aims of the Civil Rights Movement.
Politics, Poetry, and Prose: W. E. B. Du Bois, Black Reconstruction , and the Origins of Our Times
Authors: Floyd Carlton Dwayne , Reifer Thomas Ehrlich
Published: January 2024

Carlton Dwayne Floyd and Thomas Ehrlich center W.E.B. Du Bois’s Black Reconstruction as a text of literature and history through which to understand domestic and global circulations of capital in slavery’s afterlife. Since that afterlife continues into the contemporary historical moment of ongoing class and racial conflict, Floyd and Reifer contend that Black Reconstruction remains a compelling text of political theory and possibility for its attention to the present through the past. Du Bois’s unparalleled analysis of the centrality of white supremacy in the defeat of Black Reconstruction and in the changing social foundations of US global power allows Black Reconstruction to speak to our present moment as few other works. Du Bois’s powerful analysis and creative literary and historical mix of politics, poetry and prose illuminates its implications for scholars and activists seeking to transform the US and the global system today.
In Pursuit of Peace Where Freedom Chokes: W. E. B. Du Bois Confronts the Cold War
Authors: Lange Werner
Published: January 2024

In a chapter on political protest, Werner Lange narrates the depth of Du Bois’s radical peace activism in the face of anticommunist repression. It was the state’s choke-hold on freedom, not freedom itself, which grew exponentially during the last years of Du Bois’s heroic life as the elderly and seemingly indefatigable peacemaker unrelentingly took on the interlocked forces of war, ignorance, racism and colonialism. The twin barriers to freedom’s more complete realm, however, proved to be increasingly intransigent and bolstered by the rapid rise of America’s military industrial complex. However, as Du Bois’s peace praxis demonstrates, the Cold War’s fortified barriers to peace were not entirely insurmountable. Du Bois spoke militant truth to militaristic power at the dawn of the Nuclear Age, and his voice in the wilderness, then almost totally muted, continues to resound with renewed vigor throughout the world.
I Am Certainly Not a Conservative: W. E. B. Du Bois, Democratic Socialism, and Black Marxism
Authors: Rabaka Reiland
Published: January 2024

Reiland Rabaka probes the intellectual expanse of Du Bois’s unique Marxist formulations through his anticapitalist writings that analytically combined a critique of imperialism, white supremacy, racial capitalism, and white theorists of Marxism. This led Du Bois at the outset of his critique of capitalism to simultaneously critique capitalism and the white critics of capitalism. Du Bois’s “socialism,” according to Rabaka, may have never been as scientific, dogmatic, and/ororthodox Marxist as many intellectual historians have claimed, or would like to claim. His thought often exhibited internal tensions, sometimes appearing race-centered, and at other times seeming overly concerned with class, labor, and economic justice issues. For Du Bois, it was not simply capitalism and class struggle that impeded the democratization of socialism, but racism, sexism, and colonialism as well. Du Bois’s discourse on democratic socialism offered a distinct Black radical frame of reference, distinguished by its anti-racist socio-political ethics.
Democracy in America Is Impossible: The Pessimistic Prophecy of W. E. B. Du Bois in “Why I Won’t Vote”
Authors: Johnson Andre E.
Published: January 2024

Andre Johnson’s exploration of Du Bois’s 1956 The Nation column “Why I Won’t Vote” uses the lens of rhetoric studies to show how and why Du Bois’s “pessimistic prophecy” recalibrated a rationale for political participation that exceeded casting ballots. Johnson argues that Du Bois’s rhetorical trajectory from advocating voting to his decision to abstain from voting in the 1956 US Presidential election coincided with his shift from a mission-oriented prophet to a pessimistic one. He explains how for Du Bois pessimism was not cynicism; rather, the lament tradition within this pessimistic prophecy gave Du Bois purpose to keep speaking, writing, and visioning a better day for democracy. Johnson shows how despite such shifts, Du Bois continued to harbor democratic hope.
W. E. B. Du Bois and African American Humanism
Authors: Cameron Christopher
Published: January 2024

Christopher Cameron locates Du Bois’s critique of religion and skepticism about divinity in the longer history of Black freethought to posit a connection between his late career turn to Marxism and irreligion. This essay broadens the scholarly understanding of Du Bois and religion within the context of the African American humanist movement by connecting his religious skepticism and political radicalism. In embracing humanism, Du Bois became part of a growing movement of Black artists, intellectuals, and political activists who denied the existence of God, an afterlife, and other central teachings of American Christianity. By rejecting the supernatural, embracing human potential, and working to transform their world through science and reason, African American humanists such as Du Bois laid the foundations for one of the most significant streams of 20th century Black thought and culture.
The Mutual Comradeship of W. E. B. Du Bois and Radical Black Women, 1935–1963
Authors: Burden-Stelly Charisse
Published: January 2024

Charisse Burden-Stelly underscores the importance of political networks, what she calls the “mutual comradeship” between Du Bois and radical Black women that produced social and intellectual solidarity in the midst of anti-Black political repression during the Cold War. This chapter shows how Du Bois’s move toward the US Communist Party reflected the connections he made after World War II between communism, freedom for racialized and oppressed people at home and abroad, and international peace. This chapter defines mutual comradeship as an affective practice of collaborative freedom, reciprocal care, and collective learning constituted by the enduring commitment to, advocacy for, and protection of those engaged in radical political struggle on behalf of the racialized, colonized, and oppressed. Mutual comradeship offers collective economic and moral support for radical organizations, institutions, and periodicals as well as the lateral and intergenerational practice of legacy maintenance and preserving Black radical thought in historical memory.
Martin Luther King Jr. and the Legacy of W. E. B. Du Bois
Authors: Greene II Robert
Published: January 2024

Robert Greene II illuminates the relationship between the intellectual politics of Martin Luther King and W.E.B. Du Bois. Greene tracks how the convergence of King and Du Bois in 1968—when King delivered his famous “Honoring Dr. DuBois” speech at Carnegie Hall in February of that year to honor what would have been Du Bois’s 100th birthday—entangled their respective legacies within the Black radical tradition. This chapter examines the rhetorical and ideological relationship between the two men. Inexorably bonded due to their shared passions for advancing the cause of equal rights, it shows how the links between Du Bois and King go even deeper. Both men were giants in American society’s long-running debates about racism, and by the later years of their lives both were largely ostracized by an America gripped with fear about communism and the rise of non-aligned, African and Asian nations.
Geography of Freedom: Partnership in Preservation and Public History at W. E. B. Du Bois’s Boyhood Homesite
Authors: Scruggs Camesha
Published: January 2024

Camesha Scruggs’s chapter uses public history to analyze the politics of memory and the politics of place at Du Bois’s Boyhood Homesite in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. Scruggs documents a history of the site from a place of commemoration in the 1960s and 70s, to one of archaeological excavation in the 1980s to the early 2000s, to one of public historical memory in the early 21st century. Throughout this chapter, she intertwines her practicum experiences as a tour guide at the W. E. B. Du Bois Boyhood Homesite with scholarship regarding Du Bois, memory, and preservation. The chapter argues that Du Bois spearheaded his own preservation project while showing how the memorial imprints about the homesite from scholars and community members both expand the geography of freedom in addition to being active participants in preservation.
Afterword
Authors: Porter Eric
Published: January 2024

Eric Porter’s Afterword presents a summary reflection on Forging Freedom’s contributions to Du Bois scholarship and the long Civil Rights Movement more generally. He explains how the essays probe the Black radicalism of Du Bois’s closing years to advance understanding of his intellectual and political legacy during the Cold War and beyond. That legacy, Porter points out, influenced the Black freedom struggles of Du Bois’s era and continue to speak to the Black liberation movements of the 21st century.
From Pillar to Post (1920–1936)
Authors: Allen Paul V.
Published: January 2024

This chapter provides background detail on Jack’s parents and details his itinerant childhood, with moves from Burlington, Iowa to Chicago to San Antonio, Texas, with many stops in between. This chapter also discusses the family’s decision to change their name from Zurawksi to Kent, as well as the development of Jack’s love of newspaper comic strips and cartooning.
Tedious Business (1942–1949)
Authors: Allen Paul V.
Published: January 2024

Chapter 3 focuses on Jack’s experiences as a solider in the Army during World War II, as well as his attempts to restart his cartooning career after the war. The chapter starts with Jack’s pre-basic-training visit to his idol, George Herriman. It then details his two tours of duty in the Army as a radio operator in Alaska and as a lieutenant in the 38th Infantry Division stationed in the Philippines. Finally, the chapter looks at Jack’s return to civilian life in San Antonio and his first efforts to sell a comic strip to newspaper syndicates.
Willywampusses Are Chasing Geezles (1950)
Authors: Allen Paul V.
Published: January 2024

Chapter 4 details Jack’s creation of his comic strip, King Aroo, and the inspiration and influences behind it. Combining the comics he loved, including Krazy Kat and Pogo, with his affinity for vaudeville and fairy tales, Jack devised the kingdom of Myopia and a host of daffy residents. The strip sold to the McClure syndicate, and debuted in papers across the country in late 1950.
Illogical Conclusions (1960–1965)
Authors: Allen Paul V.
Published: January 2024

This chapter details the final five years of King Aroo. This was a time in which the Jack served as the first client for San Francisco Chronicle editor Stanleigh Arnold’s new Golden Gate Features syndicate, and King Aroo became more pessimistic, reflecting world events and politics and Jack’s own cynicism. The chapter also looks at how Jack began to reuse jokes from the strip’s earlier years, and at Jack’s decision to end the strip after fifteen years.
The Sandbox Set (1968–1970)
Authors: Allen Paul V.
Published: January 2024

Chapter 10 details the first two years of Jack’s career in children’s books. It starts with Jack working with editor and author Alvin Tresselt at Parents’ Magazine Press on the production of his first book, Just Only John. From there it looks at the six books Jack wrote and drew between 1968 and 1970, including Clotilda, Mr. Elephant’s Birthday Party, Mr. Meebles, and Jack Kent’s Book of Nursery Tales.
A Cartoonist at Heart (1971–1974)
Authors: Allen Paul V.
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the way becoming an author caused Jack to have to shift his sense of identity away from “cartoonist” to “author.” It looks at his method for submitting manuscripts to publishers, discusses stories he created for Humpty Dumpty’s Magazine for Little Children, and details several of the books he published during the early 1970s, including Mrs. Mooley, Jack Kent’s Fables of Aesop, and The Fat Cat. The chapter also illuminates Jack’s attempts to create a sequel to the latter book.
Fringe Benefits (1975–1979)
Authors: Allen Paul V.
Published: January 2024

Chapter 12 explores Jack’s approach for illustrating for other authors (including works by Ruth Belov Gross and Sarah Barchas), books he did for early readers, and books he did in a comic strip style. It also explores one of Jack’s most beloved and lasting stories, There’s No Such Thing as a Dragon. Other books discussed include I Was Walking Down the Road, The Egg Book, Jack Kent’s Merry Mother Goose, and Cindy Lou and the Witch’s Dog.
Matria Redux
Authors: Zimmerman Tegan
Published: January 2024

Matria Redux: Caribbean Women Novelize the Past presents an overview of the Caribbean historical novel written by women in English from 1980 to 2010. The study organizes its corpus around four parts, each of which expresses the idea of matria—an imagined maternal space and time: slavery narratives; colonial and postcolonial narratives of deterritorialization; narratives of politicization or of political awakening; and narratives of return to the mother(land). The book’s formulation of matria as a postcolonial-psychoanalytic feminist concept constitutes a new direction in the existing critical conversation on historical fiction. The book’s comparative approach traces the development of the Caribbean woman’s historical novel by closely reading a pre-millennium and a post-millennium novel in each historical section. The book demonstrates that Caribbean women writers, of varying discursive racial(ized) realities, have depicted similar matria constructs and maternal motifs such as mother-daughter bonds, genealogies, nonhistory, voice(lessness), herstory, trauma, return, and ritual. The chapters show that authors Dionne Brand, Andrea Levy, Jan Lowe Shinebourne, Judith Ortiz Cofer, Edwidge Danticat, Andrea O’Reilly Herrera, Paule Marshall, and Marie-Elena John are novelizing the past through fictional works attentive to the materiality and historicity of the maternal. Matria Redux therefore signals a definitive (re)turn to the Caribbean other(land) and maternal past in Caribbean women’s contemporary historical fiction.
Africa's Daughters
Authors: Zimmerman Tegan
Published: January 2024

Originating in and from the Afra-Caribbean enslaved woman, this genre’s maternal imaginary and matrilineage counters literary and historical discursive absence. This introductory section tracks the literary origins of an alternative maternal genealogy of the historical novel before turning to the two novels chosen as case studies: Dionne Brand’s At the Full and Change of the Moon (1999) and Andrea Levy’s The Long Song (2010). The neo-slavery novel suggests that social change in the present cannot be implemented if the maternal past remains unknown and/or told from the (M)aster’s perspective. Reclaiming the rebellious African mother reorients the daughter’s genealogy and challenges hegemonic patriarchal, colonial family arrangements such as those proposed by traditional psychoanalysis. Matria thus manifests as a desire to restore the broken link between enslaved mothers and daughters and to realize a maternal Caribbean matria that integrates the African past.
Maternal Genealogies and the Legacy of Nonhistory in Dionne Brand’s At the Full and Change of the Moon
Authors: Zimmerman Tegan
Published: January 2024

Chapter one argues that in At the Full and Change of the Moon, Dionne Brand’s concept of matria innovatively repositions the Trinidadian enslaved mother’s and her descendants’ genealogy to show the traumatic effects of slavery and colonialism over several centuries and geographic locations. Proposing a combination of arbolic and rhizomatic root theory to express the enslaved woman’s family, the novel challenges traditional patriarchal family trees and the laws of filiation. For Dionne Brand, the Afra-Caribbean mother, Marie Ursule, serves as the literal and metaphorical foundation for not only At the Full and Change of the Moon specifically but also the Caribbean historical novel more generally. Brand’s notion of matria therefore mythologizes the Afra-Caribbean mother and radically disrupts patriarchal, colonial conceptions of family and lineage.
Voice, Violence, and Masculine Suffocation in Andrea Levy’s The Long Song
Authors: Zimmerman Tegan
Published: January 2024

Chapter two shows that in Andrea Levy’s novel The Long Song the enslaved Jamaican woman’s voice plays a central role: the heroine deliberately attempts to interrupt, parody, and reject (M)aster narratives. Yet, there are limits to the enslaved woman’s voice, as the novel’s Afra-Caribbean polyphonic narration demonstrates. Analyzing the narrator’s speech, even after emancipation, reveals the constructed nature of the text and that the framing of narrative authority, despite being multi-layered, remains problematically enclosed in, figured through, and contained by the name of the Father and violent, colonizing, masculine parameters. Thus, the novel imagines matria as a space that reunites mothers and daughters and as a time that restores subjectivity and speech to Caribbean women.
Dispossessed Daughters
Authors: Zimmerman Tegan
Published: January 2024

Blending history with the bildungsroman, the novels studied feature young women rewriting the Caribbean mother-land/tongue. Set mid-twentieth century in the colonial past (post-emancipation, pre-independence), these works definitively establish the girl’s maturation as developing alongside and in tandem with a historical and national consciousness. This Introduction explains how a daughter’s postcolonial feminist awakening is intertwined with her relationship to her maternal family: the mother, an antagonistic character, and her grandmother, a revered and trusted figure. The Caribbean daughter’s break from her colonized mother serves as an allegory for gaining national independence. Questioning her identity (familial and national) and her place in a colonial world thus defines the matrias in the two pioneering bildungsromane closely analyzed: Jan Lowe Shinebourne’s pre-millennium novel The Last English Plantation (1988) set in Guyana and Judith Ortiz Cofer’s post-millennium novel The Meaning of Consuelo (2003) set in Puerto Rico.
Matriz , Transgressive Sexuality, and National Ambiguity in Judith Ortiz Cofer’s The Meaning of Consuelo
Authors: Zimmerman Tegan
Published: January 2024

Chapter four demonstrates that the titular heroine of Judith Ortiz Cofer’s The Meaning of Consuelo rejects the patriarchal, conservative discourses surrounding womanhood and sexuality espoused by her family and her island, Puerto Rico. Guided by the novel’s transgressive figures, Consuelo seeks a new language and space in which to express herself: she imagines matria not as a returning to Puerto Rico’s colonial past but as an imagining of a future where Puerto Rican women and other marginalized people might live their genders and sexualities freely. The novel thus recounts the Caribbean daughter’s awakening of a gendered and sexual consciousness and her determination that if young Puerto Rican women want to attain freedom, they must do so by leaving the island and relocating to the mainland.
Revolutionary Herstory and Martial/Marital Law in Andrea O’Reilly Herrera’s The Pearl of the Antilles
Authors: Zimmerman Tegan
Published: January 2024

Chapter six focuses on Andrea O’Reilly Herrera’s post-millennium Cuban-American novel The Pearl of the Antilles (2001), which depicts the lead-up to and aftermath of the Cuban Revolution. The chapter argues that this revolutionary family romance highlights that Margarita, the exiled female protagonist, privileges the mother-daughter bond, over both the wife-husband and the daughter-father connection as well as any allegiance to either her birth-nation, Cuba, or her adopted country, the United States. Margarita’s American daughter Lilly also plays a key role in restoring the broken bond between mothers and daughters by relaying her hitherto unknown family herstory. The novel’s matria thus rejects the incestuous patriarchal family and nation in favour of a matrilineage.
Conclusion
Authors: Zimmerman Tegan
Published: January 2024

A generation of pan-Caribbean women writers emerged in the 1980s whose work was antipatriarchal and postcolonial. Matria Redux: Caribbean Women Novelize the Past demonstrates that these writers returned to the maternal past and depicted similar matria constructs. In identifying and defining matria as a recuperation of mother-daughter bonds in an imaginary mother-land, this book provides a new way of reading Caribbean women’s historical fiction. Advancing a postcolonial-psychoanalytic feminist framework, the book engages with and expands existent critical conversations and recent interventions in the genre (e.g., Francis, Halloran, Machado Sáez, Praeger, Rody). The woman-authored Caribbean historical novels assessed challenge the predominantly masculinist literary lineage and parameters of the genre as well as narratives of the region and its developments, e.g., slavery, colonialism, revolution, and imperialism. The close readings of four late twentieth and four early twenty-first century historical novels reveal matria as these works’ central conceit.
Perspectivas para o estudo das rebeliões indígenas na América Latina
Authors: Caetano Caixeta Paulo Vitor , Nascimento Patrícia Emanuelle
Published: January 2024

Por meio de uma abordagem decolonial e da História cultural, esse trabalho visa analisar a revolta de Tupac Amaru II a partir de outras questões que não sejam apenas econômicas, dando foco ao imaginário dos povos andinos e suas culturas. As trocas culturais realizadas entre os europeus e indígenas é outro ponto da analise presente no texto. Para além da parte teórica, viso contribuir com o ensino de História Indígena, por isso, exponho no texto um relato de experiência do estágio supervisionado IV do curso de História da UFU, momento em que trabalhei com os (as) alunos (as) do 7º ano do ESEBA a Revolta de Tupac Amaru II e preconceitos (problemática que está presente na sociedade brasileira) contra os povos indígenas. A respeito do método, foi realizada uma discussão bibliográfica de autores decoloniais que pesquisam a temática. Com tudo isso, foi possível inferir, por meio dessa pesquisa, que a figura de Tupac Amaru II é um exemplo do impacto dos povos indígenas na sociedade colonial bem como as reivindicações culturais da revolta
แนวทางการพัฒนาศักยภาพบุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการของมหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ
Authors:   กองบริหารและจัดการทรัพยากรมนุษย์ มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ, รัตนวงศ์แข ทัศนีย์
Published: January 2024

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาสภาพปัญหาการพัฒนาบุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการของมหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ ศึกษาความต้องการพัฒนาศักยภาพบุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการ ของมหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ และ ศึกษาแนวทางในการพัฒนาศักยภาพบุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการของมหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลกับบุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการของมหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ จำนวน 304 คน ได้มาโดยการเลือกแบบเจาะจง (Purposive Sampling) เคื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย คือ แบบสัมภาษณ์ และแบบสอบถาม สถิติที่ใช้ในการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล ได้แก่ ค่าร้อยละ ค่าความถี่ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน การวิเคราะห์ความแตกต่างด้วยสถิติ t-test และวิเคราะห์ความแปรปรวนด้วย F-test ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1) บุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการ มีความต้องการพัฒนาศักยภาพด้านความรู้โดยภาพรวม อยู่ในระดับมาก เพิ่มพูนความรู้เฉพาะที่ใช้ในการปฏิบัติงานในตำแหน่ง รองลงมาคือ ความรู้เกี่ยวกับการนำเทคโนโลยีใหม่ ๆ มาประยุกต์ใช้เพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพในการปฏิบัติงาน และความรู้ในเรื่องการบริหารเวลาในการปฏิบัติงานเพื่อให้บรรลุเป้าหมายและวัตถุประสงค์เกิดประสิทธิภาพในงานที่รับผิดชอบ ซึ่งทุกข้ออยู่ในระดับมาก สำหรับความต้องการพัฒนาศักยภาพด้านทักษะในภาพรวม อยู่ในระดับมาก โดยเมื่อพิจารณารายข้อ 3 อันดับแรก พบว่า มีความต้องการพัฒนาทักษะทักษะเฉพาะที่ใช้ในการปฏิบัติงานในตำแหน่ง รองลงมาคือ ทักษะการสื่อสารและทำงานร่วมกับผู้อื่น และ วิธีการจัดเก็บข้อมูล และการจัดการข้อมูลต่าง ๆ ผ่านระบบอินเทอร์เน็ต ซึ่งทุกข้ออยู่ในระดับมาก ในขณะที่ความต้องการพัฒนาศักยภาพด้านคุณลักษณะที่พึงประสงค์ในภาพรวม อยู่ในระดับมาก เมื่อพิจารณารายข้อ 3 อันดับแรก พบว่า มีความต้องการพัฒนาศักยภาพด้านคุณลักษณะที่พึงประสงค์ความรับผิดชอบต่องานที่ได้รับมอบหมายได้เป็นอย่างดี รองลงมาคือ ความมีคุณธรรม จริยธรรม ซื่อสัตย์ และอดทน และ ความทุ่มเท อุทิศตน และเวลาในการทำงาน ซึ่งทุกข้ออยู่ในระดับมาก 2) บุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการที่สังกัดส่วนงานวิชาการ และส่วนงานสนับสนุนวิชาการ มีความต้องการเพิ่มพูนศักยภาพ ด้านความรู้ ด้านทักษะ และด้านคุณลักษณะที่พึงประสงค์ อยู่ในระดับมาก สำหรับบุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการที่สังกัดสำนักงานอธิการบดี มีความต้องการเพิ่มพูนศักยภาพ ด้านความรู้ ด้านทักษะ อยู่ในระดับมาก และด้านคุณลักษณะที่พึงประสงค์ อยู่ในระดับมากที่สุด นอกจากนั้น บุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการที่มีเพศ อายุ ระดับการศึกษา และประสบการณ์ในการทำงานต่างกันมีความต้องการเพิ่มพูนศักยภาพ ด้านความรู้ ด้านทักษะ และด้านคุณลักษณะที่พึงประสงค์ ไม่แตกต่างกัน ส่วนบุคลากรสายสนับสนุนวิชาการที่สังกัดหน่วยงานต่างกันมีความต้องการเพิ่มพูนศักยภาพ ด้านความรู้ ด้านทักษะ และด้านคุณลักษณะที่พึงประสงค์ แตกต่างกัน อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.05
การเลือกเรียนในหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรมของนักเรียนวิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก
Authors:   นักศึกษามหาบัณฑิต สาขาวิชาคหกรรมศาสตร์ คณะเทคโนโลยีคหกรรมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนคร, วงคำสอน พรทิพย์ , กี่อาริโย ชญาภัทร์ ,   ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ ดร.ประจำหลักสูตร สาขาวิชาคหกรรมศาสตร์ คณะเทคโนโลยีคหกรรมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนคร
Published: January 2024

การศึกษาวิจัยมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาปัจจัยส่วนบุคลลของนักเรียนหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรมของวิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก 2) ศึกษาปัจจัยทางเศรษฐกิจและสังคมของนักเรียนหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรมของวิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก 3) ศึกษาการเลือกเรียนในหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรมของวิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก 4) ศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปัจจัยส่วนบุคคลกับการเลือกเรียนในหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรมของนักเรียนวิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก และ 5) เปรียบเทียบระดับความสำคัญต่อการเลือกเรียนหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรมของนักเรียนวิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก จำแนกตามปัจจัยทางเศรษฐกิจและสังคม ประชากรคือ นักเรียนที่กำลังศึกษาในหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรมของวิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก ภาคเรียนที่ 1 ปีการศึกษา 2564 จำนวน 274 คน โดยใช้วิธีการเลือกแบบเจาะจง เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย คือ แบบสอบถาม สถิติที่ใช้ในการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล ได้แก่ ค่าความถี่ ค่าร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ค่าส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน ค่าไคสแควร์ และวิเคราะห์ความแปรปรวนแบบทางเดียว ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1) นักเรียนหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรม วิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลกส่วนใหญ่เป็นเพศหญิง มีวุฒิการศึกษาเดิมเป็นมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้น โดยมีเกรดเฉลี่ยสะสมอยู่ในช่วง 2.01 - 2.50 ซึ่งปัจจุบันนักเรียนกำลังศึกษาอยู่ในระดับ ปวช.3 ในสาขาวิชาอาหารและโภชนาการ และนักเรียนมีภูมิลำเนาอยู่ในจังหวัดพิษณุโลก 2) นักเรียนหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรม วิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก ส่วนใหญ่ครอบครัวมีรายได้รวมเดือนละ 5,001 - 10,000 บาท โดยผู้ปกครองมีอาชีพรับจ้างทั่วไป ซึ่งนักเรียนมาจากครอบครัวขนาดกลาง ในขณะที่ผู้ปกครองมีการศึกษาระดับมัธยมศึกษาตอนปลาย และตัวนักเรียนเองเป็นผู้มีบทบาทในการเลือกเรียน 3) นักเรียนให้ความสำคัญต่อการเลือกเรียนในหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรม วิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก โดยรวมอยู่ในระดับมาก เมื่อพิจารณาเป็นรายด้านเรียงจากมากไปหาน้อย พบว่า ด้านที่มีค่าเฉลี่ยสูงสุดคือ ด้านการวัดและการประเมินผล รองลงมาคือ ด้านผู้สอน และน้อยที่สุดคือ ด้านสภาพแวดล้อมและสิ่งอำนวยความสะดวก 4) ปัจจัยส่วนบุคคลไม่มีความสัมพันธ์ต่อการเลือกเรียนในหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรม วิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก ยกเว้น ปัจจัยส่วนบุคคล ด้านระดับการศึกษาในปัจจุบันของนักเรียน มีความสัมพันธ์ต่อการเลือกเรียนในหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรม วิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก จำแนกตามด้านกิจกรรมพัฒนานักเรียน อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05 และ 5) ปัจจัยทางเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแตกต่างกันให้ความสำคัญต่อการเลือกเรียนหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ ประเภทวิชาคหกรรม วิทยาลัยอาชีวศึกษาพิษณุโลก ไม่แตกต่างกัน อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05
The upper Neretva River discontinuum: gradients of taxonomic and functional diversity of benthic invertebrates in a wild Balkan river
Authors: Estévez Edurne , Dietrich Davina , Sahler Simone , Vassanelli Fabian , Widera Sara , Martini Jan , Wanek Wolfgang , Singer Gabriel
Published: January 2024

Free-flowing rivers are highly valuable to understand the taxonomic and functional community structure of organisms that inhabit fluvial ecosystems. We investigated patterns of macroinvertebrate community composition and food web structure using stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N), including potential environmental drivers, over a free-flowing river continuum in the upper course of the Neretva River in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results showed a high taxonomic diversity, a high percentage of EPT taxa (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera), and a slightly heterotrophic ecosystem (average allochthonous assimilation = 54%). The taxonomic composition differed prominently between a tributary located upstream and the mainstem. However, we also found notable species turnover between the upper (headwater and midsection) reaches and the downstream reaches of the mainstem. Macroinvertebrate abundance and the percentage of EPT peaked downstream while midsection reaches showed the highest taxonomic richness and diversity and allochthonous assimilation. Most of the functional metrics (maximum and average trophic position and isotopic richness and evenness) showed pronounced discontinuities in their spatial patterns, which did not follow the predictions of the River Continuum Concept. These results highlight the uniqueness of this section of the Neretva, where natural discontinuities structure macroinvertebrate communities in ways and by mechanisms not captured by smooth ecological concepts.
Disinformation in the Polish Media Space in the First Year of Russia’s Full-Scale Aggression Against Ukraine
Authors: Łukasik-Turecka Agnieszka
Published: January 2024

The aim of this article is to analyse the disinformation activities of the Russian Federation as well as to analyse the content of pro-Kremlin disinformation messages present in the Polish information space during the first year of Russia’s full-scale aggression in Ukraine. The research area is Polish-language internet portals and social media. The research period covers one calendar year, from 24 February 2022 to 23 February 2023. In the course of the research conducted, the following methods were used: content and content analysis and the analysis of the data found. The following research questions were formulated in order to realise the purpose of the deliberations conducted: What media were used to spread disinformation? What topics did the content of false narratives focus on? What goals did disinformers choose in the case of the Polish media space?

Based on the research questions, research hypotheses were formulated. It was assumed that disinformation activities primarily covered the Polish internet and social media space. It was assumed that anti-Ukrainian and anti-refugee themes dominated among the false messages. It was assumed that the disinformers’ chosen objectives were to create aversion in Poles towards refugees and to create anxiety and fear of war. As a result of the analyses, all hypotheses were positively verified.
The Attitudes of the South Caucasus Countries Towards the Full-Scale Russian Aggression Against Ukraine
Authors: Kardaś Jarosław
Published: January 2024

This article not only seeks to answer the question of how the South Caucasus countries reacted to Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, but also to outline how international relations in the South Caucasus are currently evolving and identify the main foreign policy objectives of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. A research hypothesis was developed for the purpose of this article, which assumes that none of the South Caucasus countries are currently viable allies of the United States and the European Union in the region anymore, because following the Russian Federation’s aggression against Ukraine, neither Armenia, Azerbaijan nor Georgia have decided to take measures that would strike directly at Russian interests and also align with Western policy. In verifying the research hypothesis that was put forward in the Introduction to this text, it should be concluded that it is true. Looking at the actions of all the three South Caucasus countries, none of them has openly supported Ukraine on the political or military level. Nor have any of them joined the sanctions imposed on the aggressor by the West. The article mainly uses the decision-making method, the comparative method and one of the general logical methods, namely analysis.
The Impact of Security Issues Related to the War in Ukraine on World Trade Transformations
Authors: Radziyevska Svitlana , Us Ivan
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the impact of security issues related to the global conflict, located in Ukraine, on the world trade transformations.

The objective of the paper is twofold: first, to analyze the impact of the conflict on energy and food security in the context of changes in the world commodity prices and global modifications in the energy supply chains; second, to reveal the trade flows transformation in the world economy system and to substantiate the need to modernize the international institutions.

The methodological basis of the research is the system approach: the methods of economic and statistical analysis combined with graphical method are used to determine the world commodity prices dynamics, as well as world commodity prices indices; the historical-logical method along with the analysis of economic phenomena and processes are used to assess the prerequisites for changes in world trade development and to reveal the need to revise the Washington Consensus, to transform the WTO.

The conflict in Ukraine put pressure on security issues on a global scale, starting with food and energy security which resulted in trade flows transformations contributing to dividing the world into blocs. The confrontation forced the WTO to worsen forecasts regarding the development of the global trade; however, the trade trends demonstrated the adaptability of the world to the new transition realities. In October 2022 the WTO improved its forecast for 2022, but the risks of the war continuation resulted in significant deterioration of the forecast for 2023. The state of affairs leads to growing expectations regarding the reformatting of world trade in the short term while the ongoing war conditions the revision of current approaches to the formation of the world order and further emphasizes the need to transform the world’s leading economic institutions, primarily the World Trade Organization.
Cercidas’ Fr. 5: Addressee and Metre
Authors: López Cruces Juan Luis
Published: January 2024

This article identifies Cercidas’ addressee in fr. 5 as Pasicrates (P.Oxy. 1082, col. X.11). Based on the assumption that this is a speaking name (‘the Almighty’), a hypothesis is presented that is consistent with what can be read of the meliamb. In addition, a new colometry of the legible part of the poem is proposed.
A Letter and a Petition: Two Ptolemaic Fragments
Authors: Panegyres Konstantine
Published: January 2024

Publication of fragments of two Ptolemaic papyri from the collection of the Bodleian Library, Oxford. The first fragment is part of a letter (probably a report about a local dispute), while the second is part of a petition by a woman. The papyri both come from Gurob in the Fayum and can be assigned to the third century BC.