bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Himalayan Serow: A Keystone Species in Crisis – Challenges and Conservation Strategies
Authors: Quyoom Iyaz , A. Bhat Bilal , Sajad Malik Wasim
Published: February 2025

Himalayan serow (Capricornis sumatraensis thar), a distinctive member of the Bovidae family, occupies a unique ecological niche in the mountainous terrains of the Himalayas. This chapter explores the serow’s taxonomy, distribution, morphology, habitat preferences, diet, behaviour, and conservation status, emphasizing the species’ evolutionary adaptations and the critical threats it faces. The serow’s solitary nature and preference for densely forested, high-altitude environments have rendered it elusive and under-studied, yet it remains a key indicator of the health of Himalayan ecosystems. Despite its adaptability, the serow is increasingly endangered by habitat fragmentation, poaching, and climate change. The present chapter synthesizes current knowledge on the species, highlighting significant gaps in research, particularly its genetic diversity, disease prevalence, and reproductive strategies. It calls for enhanced conservation efforts, including habitat conservation, community engagement, and further ecological studies. The plight of the Himalayan serow underscores the broader challenges of biodiversity conservation in an era of rapid environmental change, serving as a powerful reminder of the intricate interdependencies within ecosystems and the urgent need for holistic, dynamic conservation strategies.
Perspective Chapter: Rekindling the Vision for Palliative and End-of-Life Care for Future Practices
Authors: Haraldsdottir Erna
Published: February 2025

This chapter will focus on the original philosophy of palliative care as developed by Dame Cicely Saunders. Attention will be paid to the development of palliative care and the challenges to remain close to the original vision as practice develops further within a traditional medical environment. The overall purpose and focus of the chapter are for the reader to engage with the inherent holistic and person-centered approach of palliative and end-of-life care as developed by Cicely Saunders and to gain an understanding and insight into how to maintain her vision as an essential element of care within modern palliative and end-of-life care.
Effects of Backfill Types on the Behavior of Buried Concrete Sewerage Pipelines in Soil
Authors: Hisham Halalo Nariman
Published: February 2025

Pipelines are commonly buried underground to provide environmental stability, temperature insulation and mechanical protection. Pipelines serve as effective underground infrastructure especially as sewerage pipeline. Today, it is well known that besides the pipe material, the installation procedures have a great effect on the performance of the pipeline in soil. This paper explores the performance of sewerage pipeline installed in different soil according to Syria procedures with compacted and uncompacted backfill materials (ML, CH) and subjected to different loadings to attempt for understanding the effects of backfill types on the behavior of rigid sewerage pipelines using three dimensional finite element approaches (ABAQUS). The effects of different parameters are studied such as, depth of backfill, and backfill compaction. In this model, the material behavior of compacted or uncompacted soil is described using an elastic-plastic constitutive model with Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The objectives of the current study are to study the effects of the backfill compaction conditions on the behavior of a buried concrete sewerage pipeline in soil through numerical model.
High-Pressure-Engineering Excitonic Properties of Two-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Yin Tingting
Published: February 2025

Two-dimension (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) are formed naturally multiple-quantum-well structures with a much larger carrier binding energy, which possess stable excitons even at room temperature. In addition, 2D HOIPs allow us to exfoliate them into ultrathin flakes and stack them into various heterostructures, extending their photophysical properties. Therefore, 2D HOIPs are promising candidates for optoelectronic device applications, such as light-emitting diodes, lasing, etc. In this chapter, a summary of the crystal structures of 2D HOIP crystals and their heterostructures, excitonic properties, and the current research progress of the 2D HOIPs and their heterostructures are revealed. Next, high-pressure technology will be studied in detail on the effective engineering of crystal structures and exciton properties of 2D HOIPs toward significantly optimizing their functionalities. Finally, a summary is given, and the high-pressure strategy toward manipulation of 2D perovskite-based heterostructures is rationalized for next-generation high-performance excitonic devices.
Cytotoxic Effect of Aqueous Extract of Sweet Pomegranate Seed and Vitamin D on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer and Human Fibroblast Cell Lines
Authors: Tavangar Shirin , Hadi Faranak , Hejazi Seyed Hesamaldin
Published: February 2025

Background: In recent years, scientists have focused on the use of natural ingredients, including herbal extracts, in the treatment of breast cancer. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of the aqueous extract of sweet pomegranate seed (AESPS) and vitamin D on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and human fibroblast cells for the first time. Methods: MCF-7 and fibroblast cells were cultured in 96-well plates at a density of 104 cells/well and treated with different concentrations of AESPS and vitamin D (25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL). Cell viability was assessed using methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assays at 24, 48, and 72 hours. The data were analyzed using statistical tests with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that AESPS inhibited the viability of MCF-7 cells, especially at a concentration of 200 mg/mL for 24 hours. In contrast, 200 mg/mL of vitamin D resulted in an increase in cell death of MCF-7 cells after 48 hours. Additionally, AESPS did not cause any significant toxicity to fibroblast cells, while vitamin D caused approximately 30% toxicity to fibroblast cells after 48 hours. Conclusions: Therefore, this herbal extract has a significant cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cancer cells, even more so than vitamin D, and a non-cytotoxic effect on human fibroblast cells, significantly less than vitamin D. Aqueous extract of sweet pomegranate seed could be utilized in the treatment of breast cancer with further research in animal models and, eventually, clinical trials.
Analisis Perhitungan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Berbasis Data 3D Menggunakan UAV dan LiDAR di Kecamatan Baso, Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Zikra Afdhal , Yulfa Arie
Published: February 2025

Land and Building Tax (PBB) calculations using conventional methods often face obstacles in terms of accuracy and efficiency. This research implements UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) technology integrated with LiDAR sensors to optimize PBB calculations in Baso District, Agam Regency in 2024. The research method used is applied research with a quantitative approach, using DJI Terra and TerraSolid software for data acquisition and processing. The results showed that UAV-LiDAR technology is able to produce 3D spatial data that presents detailed information about the dimensions of tax objects, including area, volume, and height of buildings. Compared to conventional 2D methods, this technology shows significant advantages in assessing multi-storey buildings and complex structures. The resulting point cloud data supports precise object classification and more accountable tax assessment. Although its implementation requires high initial investment, the technology proves effective in improving the validity of tax object data and strengthening the PBB calculation base. This research contributes to the modernization of local taxation system through the utilization of the latest geospatial technology.
Analisis penjualan listrik prabayar dan pascabayar dalam meningkatkan laba pada PT PLN (Persero) Unit Pelayanan Pelanggan (UP3) Manado
Authors: Gosal Sharon Gloria , Pontoh Winston , Kalalo Meily Y. B.
Published: February 2025

Sales are activities carried out by sellers in selling goods and services with the hope of making a profit from these transactions. This research aims to analyze the sale of prepaid and postpaid electrical energy in increasing profits at PT PLN (Persero) Customer Service Unit (UP3) Manado. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative with quantitative data types. The research results show that sales of prepaid and postpaid electrical energy have not been able to increase profits at PT PLN (Persero) Manado Customer Service Unit (UP3), where net profit experienced a decrease in certain periods of the year due to high operational expenses. As a solution from the sales side, PT PLN (Persero) Manado Customer Service Unit (UP3) should start increasing profits by improving customer service such as providing attractive promos and increasing sales of prepaid electricity. Meanwhile, in terms of operational expenses, PT PLN (Persero) Manado Customer Service Unit (UP3) should focus more on controlling costs and operational efficiency to ensure that profits can grow along with increasing sales.
FRANTZ O. FANON, CEZAYİR BAĞIMSIZLIK SAVAŞI’NIN ANATOMİSİ, (ÇEV. KAMİL ÇİLEÇÖP), İSTANBUL: PINAR YAYINLARI, 2012, S.156.
Authors: Temizsu Habibe
Published: February 2025

Fransa Cezayir’de 130 seneden fazla bir süre sömürge gücü olarak var olmuştur. Kuzey Afrika’nın 1830’da işgal ettiği bu topraklarda, hakimiyetini kan, gözyaşı, baskı ve aşağılama üzerine kurmuştur. Fransızlar, emperyal hakimiyet yarışının doruk seviyeye ulaştığı 19’uncu yüzyılda bu işgali sürdürerek bölgede kalıcı olma hayalini kurmuştur. Ancak II. Dünya Savaşı’nın ardından dünya genelinde esen değişim rüzgarları Cezayir’i de etkilemiş, 1954 yılında kurtuluşu silahlı mücadeleden başka bir yöntemle yakalayamayacağını anlayan halk, adeta her zerresiyle direnişe destek olmuştur. Bu direniş süreci sosyal olarak çok derin değişimleri de beraberinde getirmiştir. Direnişin başarıya ulaşması adına pek çok eski geleneğin terki, toplumun yüksek bilinçle kabullendiği bir gerçek olmuştur. Devrimin beşinci yılında, gidişatı Cezayir toplumunun tüm unsurlarıyla tasvir eden Frantz Fanon, L’An V de la révolution algérienne (Cezayir devriminin 5’inci yılı) adlı eserini yayınlamıştır. Ölümünden sonraki neşrinde adı Sociologie d'une révolution (Bir devrimin sosyolojisi) olarak değiştirilerek yayınlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada Frantz Fanon’un “Cezayir Bağımsızlık Savaşı’nın Anatomisi” adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirilerek yayınlanan söz konusu eseri analiz edilmiştir.
Examining Associations of Louisiana's Gift Program and Race/Ethnicity with
Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration Using PRAMS
Authors: Le Jennifer , Stefanescu Andrei , Brewer Marci , Dancisak Betsy , Trichilo Rosaria
Published: February 2025

Background: The Gift is a program that helps Louisiana birthing facilities improve
breastfeeding outcomes. Prior research shows that breastfeeding initiation and duration
vary by race/ethnicity. We examined the associations of Gift designation and
race/ethnicity with breastfeeding in Louisiana. Methods: We used 2016-2018 weighted
Louisiana Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) and birth data. Weighted
chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of
Gift designation and race/ethnicity with breastfeeding initiation and duration. Results:
Women delivering at Gift facilities were more likely to initiate breastfeeding compared
to non-designated facilities (p < 0.0001). This association was stronger in
Non-Hispanic White women (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.76; 95% confidence interval (CI)
1.22-2.53) than in Non-Hispanic Black women (aOR 1.47; 95% CI 1.08-2.00). We did not
find statistically significant associations with breastfeeding duration. Conclusions:
Delivering at a Gift facility is beneficial for breastfeeding initiation regardless of
race/ethnicity. However, racial disparities persist at Gift facilities.
Rethinking Instructional Leadership in Pakistan’s Elite Schools: A Call for Indigenous Leadership Models
Authors: Dr. Arjumand Rauf  , Dr. Yasira Waqar  , Muhammad Aslam  , Dr. Yaar Muhammad
Published: February 2025

This opinion paper makes a case for the need to develop indigenous instructional leadership models through Pakistani elite schools that challenge the use of Western leadership models. This reveals some significant cultural misalignments between the imported leadership models and the local educational scenario, needing leadership techniques rooted in Pakistani norms and high academic standards. This paper presents the fundamental building blocks of indigenous models of leadership that are culturally, organisationally, and contextually relevant to Pakistan. We discuss an implementation framework that guides awareness of obstacles and stakeholder roles and underscores the importance of systematic evaluation mechanisms. The study proposes recommendations with respect to policymaking, research initiatives and capacity-building programmes that will facilitate effective transformation. The paper argues that indigenous leadership models could contribute to educational effectiveness by bringing academic excellence and cultural authenticity to educational leadership and potentially influencing educational leadership practices outside elite schools to the advantage of Pakistan’s educational system.
Exploring the Potential of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) as an Effective Remedy for Sextortion
Authors: Muhammad Awais Aslam  , Muhammad Adil Shehroz  , Ifra batool  , Iqra batool  , Ishfaq Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Sextortion, has been categorized as a form of cybercriminal activity where a person makes threats of releasing sexual details or material. In the current generation, and the future, sextortion has become rife both globally and in Pakistan. As for the traditional legal means, these are frequently ineffective in addressing such kinds of offenses, and thus, possible ways to apply ADR methods are considered. Sextortion cases make matters more complicated by the fact that victims suffer emotional, social, and psychological abuse. There are legal systems in place today to deal with blackmail and harassment but these are many a times not private, not as fast and lacking in the support that the victim might need. Perhaps, more victim-focused can be such an ‘alternative’ strategy as: The Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) that is characterized by confidentiality, speed, and flexibility. This article explores the possibilities of ADR as solution for sextortion cases in Pakistan by reviewing the existing legislation, evaluating recent sextortion cases in the same country and comparing with the findings of other countries.
Examining ChatGPT Usage Effect on Students’ Engagement, Student Performance and E-learning Satisfaction: Empirical Investigation in Pakistan
Authors: Dr. Mohsin Ali Shams  , Suhail A. Chandio  , Azzah Khadim Hussain  , Dr. Syed Sheheryar Ali kazmi  , Dr. Athar Marwat
Published: February 2025

Higher education transformed traditional learning through integrating ChatGPT, for academic results and student engagement. The investigation follows the empirical approach to analyze how ChatGPT affects student engagement, student performance, and e-learning satisfaction among higher education students. A cross-sectional research study utilized 353 university students through answered adopted questionnaires. Findings indicate that ChatGPT is positively associated with student engagement, student performance, and e-learning satisfaction. The research demonstrates how ChatGPT enhances e-learning satisfaction because it develops customized interactive digital platforms that support varied student learning requirements. AI research verdicts provide vital support to advancing educational discussions about using AI technology in learning environments to improve results and educational practice methods. This analysis demonstrates a need to examine long-term effects along with ethical dimensions in AI-fueled educational systems to guarantee responsible and sustainable integration.
Towards Sustainable Development in South Asian Countries: The Role of Economic Complexity and Globalization on Environmental Pollution
Authors: Yasir Iqbal  , Saif Ur Rahman  , Sadia Idrees
Published: February 2025

In the context of developing economies, this study aims to investigate the insights found in the literature on economic complexity, globalization, and environmental pollution institutions. The available theoretical and empirical literature on the subject is reviewed and summarized in this work. It begins with a summary of Pakistan's environmental contamination, globalization, and economic complexity. By using the theoretical and empirical insights from the published literature, it identifies the literature in the second place. This article also clarified theoretical approaches that explain how and why they function. Third, this paper suggests three useful areas for additional study. By critically examining and combining current environmental theory and research institutions, this work advances the fields of economic complexity, institutions, globalization, and environmental degradation. The rapid urban expansion, there is frequently an increase in the quantity of energy utilized, the amount of trash created, and the amount of pollution produced. In order to lessen the amount of environmental damage that is caused by urban areas, it is essential to implement waste management systems that are both effective and environmentally friendly. This is accomplished via the use of urban planning strategies.
Konsep Dasar Model Pembelajaran Islamic Parenting
Authors: Nopiana Sari Z Dinda , Al Faqh Muhammad Abid , Septi Harianti Dini , Prasetyo Sigit , Sibawaihi Sibawaihi
Published: February 2025

Pendidikan anak dalam Islam menempati posisi penting sebagai bagian dari tanggung jawab orang tua untuk membentuk generasi yang berakhlak mulia dan taat kepada Allah SWT. Islamic parenting adalah pola asuh yang menggabungkan nilai-nilai tauhid, akhlak, dan adab, dengan orang tua sebagai teladan utama dalam mendidik anak-anak mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi konsep dasar model pembelajaran dalam Islamic parenting dan bagaimana penerapannya di tengah tantangan modern. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis, melalui studi kepustakaan dan wawancara mendalam dengan orang tua muslim yang menerapkan Islamic parenting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Islamic parenting tetap relevan dan efektif dalam membentuk karakter anak yang beriman dan berakhlak baik. Orang tua menerapkan berbagai strategi, seperti komunikasi yang efektif, penggunaan teknologi secara bijak, serta menjadikan rumah sebagai pusat pendidikan Islami, untuk menghadapi tantangan seperti pengaruh media dan lingkungan sekuler. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Islamic parenting, dengan fondasi ajaran Islam yang kuat, mampu menjadi model pembelajaran yang kokoh dalam mendidik anak-anak muslim meskipun berada di tengah era modernisasi
Pengaruh Konsumsi Minuman Isotonik terhadap Daya Tahan Otot Saat Melakukan Latihan Beban
Authors: Manggala Janan , Lintong Fransiska , Franky Rumampuk Jimmy
Published: February 2025

Weight training have become a sports of choice among people to improve physical fitness and strength. Muscle endurance is named as one of the factors that may effect weight training performance and fitness development. Isotonic drinks were formulated to have similar osmolality as the fluids in human body (275-330 mOsm/L) to help the nutrients to be absorbed in a small amount of time. Isotonik drinks may potentially improve muscle endurance with its carbohydrates and electrolytes content to replace the energy and electrolytes loss during intense weight training. This study aim to understand the effect of isotonic drinks consumption on muscle endurance during weight training. This was an experimental study using pre-test and post-test with control group design to analyze the difference of muscle endurance before and after isotonic drinks consumption during weight training. The data was analyzed using t-paired test. The result showed that there is a significant improvement in muscle endurance numbers upon group that was given isotonic drinks with value of significancy < 0,001 (p < 0,05). This study concludes that there there is an effect of isotonic drinks consumption on muscle endurance during weight training.
Smart Health Records: Integrating AI for Efficient Data Management
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy Kampala International University Uganda, Arnold Niwarinda
Published: February 2025

The rapid evolution of healthcare demands innovative solutions for managing the vast quantities of data generated daily. This paper examines the concept of Smart Health Records (SHRs) and their integration with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to improve healthcare delivery. SHRs represent an advanced iteration of electronic health records, equipped with AI-powered tools to ensure real-time data sharing, predictive analytics, and automated administrative processes. AI’s capabilities, including natural language processing, machine learning, and predictive modeling, streamline data management and enhance clinical decision-making. However, the transition to SHRs is not without challenges, such as data privacy, algorithm accuracy, and resistance to technological adoption. This paper discusses best practices for implementing AI-driven SHRs and examines future trends, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize healthcare by fostering patient-centered care, improving efficiency, and enabling personalized medicine.

Keywords: Smart Health Records, Artificial Intelligence, Electronic Health Records, Healthcare Data Management, Predictive Analytics
An Update on the Impact of Case-Based Learning on Critical Thinking in Clinical Decision Making in Uganda Nursing Education: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Department of Nursing Science, Kampala International University, Uganda, Obeagu Getrude Uzoma , Marudhar Marudhar ,   Department of Nursing Science, Kampala International University, Uganda, Turkur Mohammad ,   Department of Science Education, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: February 2025

Nursing education in Uganda plays an essential role in preparing healthcare professionals to address the country’s diverse and complex health challenges. However, traditional teaching approaches, which often rely heavily on rote learning, fail to adequately equip nursing students with critical thinking and clinical decision-making skills, essential competencies for effective patient care. Case-based learning (CBL) has emerged as a promising instructional strategy that promotes active engagement, problem-solving, and the application of theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios. This review examines the potential of CBL to transform nursing education in Uganda by fostering critical thinking and enhancing clinical decision-making among students. Evidence from global studies indicates that CBL significantly improves professional students competencies by bridging the gap between theory and practice, encouraging reflective thinking, and providing context-specific learning experiences. In Uganda, the integration of CBL remains limited due to systemic challenges, including resource constraints, large student-to-teacher ratios, and insufficient access to simulation tools. Additionally, cultural and institutional resistance to shifting from traditional teaching methods hinders the adoption of innovative pedagogies like CBL. Despite these barriers, subjective evidence and preliminary studies suggest that when implemented effectively, CBL can lead to improved critical thinking, better clinical judgment or decision making, and enhanced readiness for professional practice among nursing students. To fully realize the benefits of CBL in Uganda, a multi-faceted approach is required. This includes incorporating CBL into nursing curricula, providing educators with targeted training and resources, and investing in infrastructure such as simulation labs and digital learning platforms. Aligning case scenarios with local healthcare challenges can enhance the relevance and effectiveness of CBL in preparing students for the realities of clinical practice. Handling these challenges and fostering a culture of pedagogical innovation, Uganda’s nursing education system can leverage CBL to produce competent and confident nursing professionals capable of meeting the country’s evolving healthcare needs.

Keywords: Impact, Case-Based Learning, Critical Thinking, Clinical Decision Making, Uganda, Nursing Education.
The Role of Wearable Health Technology in Monitoring and Managing Chronic Conditions
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy Kampala International University Uganda, Arnold Niwarinda
Published: February 2025

Wearable health technology has emerged as a transformative tool in healthcare, offering continuous monitoring and management of chronic conditions. These devices, ranging from fitness trackers to advanced biosensors, collect real-time data on parameters such as heart rate, glucose levels, and physical activity. This paper investigates the potential of wearable health technology to enhance self-management, improve clinical outcomes, and reduce healthcare disparities. Key case studies demonstrate their efficacy in chronic condition management, while challenges such as data privacy, accessibility, and integration with existing healthcare systems are addressed. Future advancements, including AI integration and improved usability, could further revolutionize chronic disease management and patient care.

Keywords: Wearable health technology, chronic disease management, biosensors, patient monitoring, digital health.
Glasnost vs. Glasnost‘: A re-evaluation and reinterpretation of Chernobyl in Soviet media
Authors: Taylor Brett W.
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates media coverage following the Chernobyl disaster and argues that reinterpretation and re-evaluation are required. Specifically, the existing literature‘s interpretation of Chernobyl as either a glasnost failure or success will be challenged based on an alternate understanding of glasnost‘ not so significantly coloured by now extinct but previously predominant ideological and political imperatives. While using Soviet Life magazine‘s coverage as a case study to demonstrate the validity of this reinterpretation based on a more holistic understanding of glasnost‘ this paper will concurrently draw attention to the importance of properly grounding any evaluation in a firm understanding of the contextual factors affecting both subject matter and evaluator. As will become evident through the progression of the paper the need for reinterpretation is rooted in the inability of past commentators to sufficiently separate themselves from the influence and effects of their own worldview on their interpretative lens.
Controlling the Clouds: Privacy Laws and Cloud Computing in Canada‘s Legal Sector
Authors: Hall-Coates Shauna Claire
Published: February 2025

This paper examines both the promises and problems posed by the legal profession‘s adoption of cloud computing platforms in service of its business objectives. Cloud computing models, defined as third party managed software, are rapidly becoming ubiquitous within technology-centric businesses. The legal profession is ostensibly an excellent candidate for the integration of cloud computing models due to its deep-seated information management needs. Nonetheless, this profession finds itself within an unnerving position in the face of government-mandated privacy laws and professional ethical standards that make any compromise of private information potentially devastating to a wide reaching net of stakeholders. Exploring the tenuous line upon which the legal profession treads in relation to cloud computing, the author ultimately concludes that what is most conspicuously absent within this current debate is a developed information policy which would provide the legal industry directives on how it should negotiate its way through this complex issue.
Ciencia Abierta y Código Abierto sólo con Diversidad, Equidad, Inclusión y Accesibilidad
Authors:   The rOpenSci Team
Published: February 2025

En rOpenSci, nuestra misión es y lo conseguimos mediante Creemos que ha llegado el momento de reiterar y aclarar por qué y qué significa esto.
Von der Forschung zur Verschwörung: Mittel gegen Missbrauch von Publikationen
Authors: Singson Lea
Published: February 2025

Wissenschaftliche Texte mit einer Creative-Commons-Lizenz zu versehen, heißt nicht, das Urheberrecht am Werk aufzugeben. Das ist wichtig, denn das Urheberrecht schützt vor Entstellung. Lea Singson erläutert, was gegen den missbräuchlichen Einsatz von wissenschaftlichen Werken hilft. Was tun, wenn Forschung für die Verbreitung von Verschwörungstheorien missbraucht wird?
The impact of CBAM and variable renewable energy integration on energy systems and cross-border electricity trade
Authors: Ćosić Boris , Duić Neven
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the energy system planning for Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina (HRBA zone) in response to the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and the growing need for renewable energy integration between 2025 and 2035. Using the Dispa-SET unit commitment and dispatch model, three scenarios, NECP, LRES, and HRES, were developed to evaluate how different levels of Variable Renewable Energy Sources (VRES) integration and CO2 pricing impact the region's energy system. In the NECP scenario, Bosnia and Herzegovina's electricity exports decrease from 3.39 TWh in 2025 to 1.29 TWh in 2035, driven by CBAM implementation and the rise in renewable energy use. The HRES scenario shows aggressive renewable energy deployment, resulting in 2.35 TWh of electricity export in 2035, but also reveals substantial curtailment issues, with a maximum hourly curtailment value reaching 3,926 MW and occurring over 4,114 hours during 2035. These findings underscore the difficulties of integrating large amounts of renewable energy without significant upgrades to grid infrastructure and storage solutions.
Applications and challenges of digital twins of floating wind turbines
Authors: Daraki Maria-Styliani , Mina Beatrice , Almasoudi Muhnad , Charalambidi Barbara , Mančić Marko , Heng Junlin , Baniotopoulos Charalampos
Published: February 2025

A digital twin is a virtual model of a physical asset, like a wind turbine, synchronized with real-time data to provide insights into its performance, condition, and behavior. This technology has applications in environmental perception, condition assessment, predictive maintenance, anomaly detection, and optimizing the operational parameters of floating offshore wind turbines. This paper reviews the current state of research and practical applications of digital twins in this field. It explores the concept, focusing on the challenges posed by climate, system dynamics, and structural issues in wind turbines. Case studies include topics such as Fatigue Limit State, pitch blade control, drivetrain performance, power output, and structural strain. Technical challenges in implementing digital twins include issues related to data collection, transfer, communication, and standardization, as well as the robustness of models in accurately simulating physical behaviors. Solutions can be found through AI, IoT, advanced simulation tools, and improved monitoring techniques. Non-technical challenges, typical for emerging technologies, are mainly tied to human factors. However, the benefits and financial advantages of digital twin technology are expected to promote its widespread adoption in industrial applications.
Improving flow homogeneity in the chambers of the electrostatic precipitator of a 350 MW unit and reduction of particulate matter emissions by modifying the turning and damping elements
Authors: Erić Milić , Marković Zoran , Stefanović Predrag , Milićević Aleksandar , Lazović Ivan
Published: February 2025

In order to protect nature, legal regulations on environmental protection are becoming ever stricter. The increasing development of exhaust gas cleaning technologies has led to quick solutions and ever shorter deadlines for the reconstruction and modernization of electrostatic precipitators. This has led to problems in the operation of electrostatic precipitators over a long period of time after reconstruction and to a lower efficiency of the plants. This paper presents the optimization of flue gas flow in the electrostatic precipitator chambers of the 350 MW unit after reconstruction. During the overhaul of the thermal power plant, the distribution of air velocities in the cross-section of the chambers was investigated and the results were used to validate the numerical model. A new conceptual solution was proposed based on the results of several numerical simulations of the flue gas velocity distribution for different configurations of turning and damping elements. The partuculate matter concentration was reduced from over 70 mg/Nm3 to a value below 35 mg/Nm3 after the modification and modernization.
Proposal of new building 4E improvement
Authors: Ristanović Darko , Todorović Maja
Published: February 2025

Based on numerous analyzes, expertise and energy audits of buildings in the last decade, as well as on the basis of data published by the line ministries responsible for the field of construction and energy sectors, it is evident that the gross final energy consumption in the Building sector in Republic of Serbia is growing. The new and amended EU directives, as well as the legislative framework, imply, in addition to reducing the primary energy used in buildings, the implementation of efficient technical systems that include renewable energy sources (hereinafter referred to as RES), have a minimized impact on the environment (Zero Emission Buildings), as well as positive economic indicators. For these reasons, especially when it comes to newly designed buildings, it is necessary to implement improvements in terms of the 4Es: Energy, Efficiency, Ecology and Economy. The paper gives a proposal of bulding 4E improvement, based on the analisys of different energy sources and technical systems in a newly designed residential building located in Belgrade. Four scenarios with different energy sources, as well as internal installations in the building, which include a heating system and domestic hot water preparation, were analyzed. Energy source types, which are compared are as follows: district heating system that generates heat from fossil fuels, biomass, natural gas and air to water heat pumps, with the calculation of primary energy, CO2 emission and the exploitation cost for each scenario. The results obtained after the conducted analysis indicate the optimal solution.
Air-conditioning control strategies for an amphitheater for different occupancy scenarios
Authors: Matić Jovan , Nord Nataša , Todorović Maja , Ristanović Milan
Published: February 2025

This work focuses on the ventilation control strategies employed in Amphitheater A at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Serbia with a particular emphasis on occupancy-based control. Given the amphitheater's high occupancy capacity of up to 500 people and variable usage patterns, designing an efficient ventilation system is essential for maintaining optimal indoor air quality and minimizing energy use. The study explored the implementation of Constant Air Volume (CAV) and Variable Air Volume (VAV) systems, with ventilation controlled by mean indoor air temperature and CO₂ concentration. Various occupancy scenarios were simulated using the IDA ICE software to assess how each control strategy maintains indoor air quality under different conditions. The simulation results revealed significant differences in the performance of the CAV and VAV system. The VAV system, particularly when controlled by temperature allowed for precise adjustments of ventilation rates based on real-time usage, reducing energy use during periods of lower occupancy. In contrast, the CAV system, while maintaining constant airflow, showed higher energy use, due to its inability to adjust dynamically to change in occupancy levels. Overall, this paper provides valuable insights into the benefits of demand-controlled ventilation based on occupancy in large spaces.
Usage effect of the selective absorption facade instead an insulation layer and influence on energy performance of the family house
Authors: Lukić Nebojša , Radisavljević Đorđe , Nešović Aleksandar , Nikolić Novak , Popović Novak
Published: February 2025

In this paper the usage influence of the selective absorption facade instead an insulation layer on heating energy consumption of the family house is simulated. Using EnergyPlus software on the model of existing family house the defined influence has been analyzed. On selected exterior walls (especially southern) the insulation layers were removed and replaced with the selective absorption facade. This procedure resulted in the increased radiation gains as well as increased convection losses. Sixteen simulation scenarios were carried out. Results of these simulations were shown that a lack of insulation layer on southern facade can be compensated by application of the selective absorption surface.
Change in the quality of Kolubara lignite burned in the thermal power plants "Nikola Tesla" expressed in terms of emission factor
Authors: Živković Nikola , Bakić Vukman , Jovanović Marina , Vujnović Sanja , Đurović Željko , Cvetinović Dejan
Published: February 2025

The paper presents experimental investigation, calculations and analyzes of emission factors of low-quality domestic lignite from the Kolubara Basin, which is used for the operation of the Thermal Power Plant "Nikola Tesla". The studied lignite samples presented in this paper and their mutual comparison cover seven years of operation in the period 2012-2018. Standard analytical methods were used to determine the emission factor of lignite, including ultimate analysis, proximity analysis and determination of lower heating value. Based on the experimental results obtained, correlated dependencies of the emission factor of lignite were determined for the specified years and a comparison was made. From 2020, J.S.C. "Elektroprivreda Srbije", the operator of TPP "Nikola Tesla", imports coal of better quality, mixes it with Kolubara lignite and uses the mixture for firing the units of power plant B. A comparison was made between the lignite from Kolubara, which was offered for a long period of time, and the mixture with imported coal from last year. The change in the quality of domestic lignite, expressed as an emission factor, over time was presented together with the analysis of the change in the emission factor found for the coal blends used in recent years.
Predicting heat demand of residential buildings with lag and time variables
Authors: Stojiljković Mirko , Ignjatović Marko , Vučković Goran , Jovanović Vladan
Published: February 2025

Building heat demand depends on various parameters: the properties of the materials, geometry, climate conditions, occupancy patterns, usage habits, etc. Short-term forecasts of the heat demand can be based on different subsets of these parameters, depending on the application and available data. Recently, black-box models that apply machine learning methods became widely used to predict the heat demand. This paper is a part of a broader research effort and investigates the time-series prediction properties of a simple model based on the Random Forest regression that uses only lag and time-related variables as inputs. The time resolution is one hour. The lag variables are the heat demand one hour before, 24 hours before, and 25 hours before the time of prediction. The time-related variables are the hour of day, day of week, and month. The model has the coefficient of determination of over 0.99, root-mean-square error 38.2 kWh, and mean absolute error 19.1 kWh. The most important predictor is the 24-hours lag. Large errors occur mainly early in the morning and late in the evening, when the heat demand changes have high values and the setpoint temperatures are being modified.
Heat transfer effects on the EMHD flow of ternary hibrid nanoluid in the channel with porous medium
Authors: Nikodijević-Đorđević Milica , Petrović Jelena , Kocić Miloš , Stamenković Živojin
Published: February 2025

EMHD flow and heat transfer of a ternary hybrid nanofluid is considered in this paper. The base fluid is blood with three types of nanoparticles suspended in it. Fluid flows in a horizontal channel with walls on different temperatures and its filled with porous medium. A homogeneous magnetic field acts perpendicular to the walls of the channel and a homogeneous electric field acts perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The problem is considered in the induction-free approximation. The nanofluid velocity and temperature distributions, shear stresses and Nusselt numbers on the channel walls were determined. Some of the obtained results are presented graphically and tabularly.
Optimizing flue gas recirculation for enhanced efficiency in biomass-fired boilers: A comprehensive study
Authors: Tomić Nenad , Podunavac Jovica , Tomić Mladen , Anđelković Aleksandar , Kljajić Miroslav , Živković Predrag
Published: February 2025

As sustainable energy practices become more popular, biomass-fired boilers are becoming a choice over traditional fossil fuel models due to their eco-friendly nature. Despite their environmental advantages, biomass boilers still emit pollutants like particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOX), and carbon monoxide (CO), posing environmental concerns. To mitigate these emissions, modern biomass-fired boilers often incorporate Flue Gas Recirculation (FGR). This research focuses on a 14 MW biomass-fired boiler operating with a 20% FGR rate, examining three scenarios: two with varying FGR levels and one without FGR. The analysis reveals a connection between emission reduction via FGR and boiler efficiency maintenance. Additionally, it suggests optimizing FGR levels to boost boiler efficiency. The study presents a comprehensive approach to effectively implement FGR in biomass-fired boilers while ensuring acceptable efficiency levels. NOX emissions were analyzed using combustion simulation software and the Zeldovich method to estimate thermal NOX production.
Water vapor condensation from combustion products and its usage possibilities
Authors: Marinović Luka , Mitrović Dejan , Laković Mirjana , Ignjatović Marko
Published: February 2025

Moisture condensation from combustion products must appear in the fuel gasses stream of every boiler plant, in some period of operation. Discharging this condensate into environment leads to additional heat loss. Although this amount of heat compared to the total capacity of boiler house is not significant, it is not negligible. At the beginning, this paper deals with causes and sources of water vapor in the combustion products. Then possibilities of usage of formed condensate in the district heating system for improving energy efficiency and decreasing carbon dioxide emission on an example of system in District heating plant "Krivi Vir" in Niš, is presented. After that, some vital factors which have influence on efficiency of considered system are pointed, as well as possibilities for application.
Influence of building shape on wind flow: CFD simulations
Authors: Kostadinović Danka , Lazović Ivan
Published: February 2025

Buildings significantly affect the wind flow pattern over an urban area, leading to regions with an accelerated wind flow. The change in wind flow influences pollutant dispersion, urban microclimate, formation of fog and haze, urban heat island, comfort of pedestrians, and wind-created noise. It is important to include the simulation of wind flow around buildings in the early architectural design stage. The paper investigates the effect of different shapes of buildings on the wind flow pattern using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. Results have been represented through pressure, velocity, and turbulence kinetic energy contours for five different cases. The ANSYS software was employed to solve the flow governing equations. The standard k-s turbulent model was used for turbulence modeling while the SemiImplicit Method for Pressure Linked Equation (SIMPLE) algorithm was applied as a solver for governing equations. This study clearly illustrates that different building shapes generate different wind flow patterns.
In-depth examination of water jet formations and patterns at dam outlets: Comparative investigation employing CFD simulations and on-site drone footage
Authors: Stojkovski Filip , Broz Robert , Belšak Sašo , Stojkovski Valentino
Published: February 2025

This scientific paper presents a comprehensive study on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling of water jet formations at dam bottom outlets, with a focus in the comparative analysis of CFD results against actual drone footage captured on-site. The research commences with the development of a detailed CFD models, encompassing the geometric and hydraulic characteristics of the dam bottom outlet structure. Special attention is given to incorporating boundary conditions and numerical schemes that accurately simulate the water jet formation process. Computational simulations are conducted for a range of operational scenarios i.e. bottom outlet gate openings. To validate the CFD results and prove their applicability, a field campaign is carried out, involving the use of camera equipped drone and one stationary camera, to capture real-time footage of water jet formations at dam bottom outlet. The drone footage provides invaluable visual data that allows a direct comparison between the CFD predictions and actual onsite observations. The comparative analysis involves a quantitative assessment of key parameters, such as jet velocities, trajectories, flow patterns etc. Discrepancies between the CFD predictions and real-world observations are analyzed to identify potential areas for model refinement and future improvement. The results of this research contribute to a better understanding of the hydraulic behavior of dam bottom outlets. By leveraging advanced CFD modeling and real-world drone footage, this study provides a holistic approach to studying water jet formations at dam outlets, bridging the gap between numerical simulations and empirical observations in a complex hydraulic environment.
Numerical study on thermal energy storage system integrated flat plate solar collectors in buildings
Authors: Pavlović Saša , Bellos Evangelos , Stefanović Velimir , Ilić Marko , Vukić Mića , Nakomčić-Smaragdakis Branka , Tzivanidis C.
Published: February 2025

The use of renewable energy sources for electricity is one of the most promising techniques in order to face environmental problems and high CO2 emissions. However, the power production from photovoltaics and wind energy is not stable and this fact creates issues between the production profile and the demand profile. Therefore, an effective storage technique is needed, except for the idea of batteries. The objective of the present investigation is the investigation of a novel pumped thermal energy storage system. This system uses the volatile electricity from renewables in order to feed a heat pump that produces heating at a medium temperatures level (e.g. 150oC) and stores it in a latent storage unit. The stored thermal energy can be used later in an organic Rankine cycle for power production when there is the proper demand. The novelty of this work is the incorporation of flat plate collectors for assisting the heat pump in order to increase the overall performance of the examined storage system. According to the results, the ambient source system leads to maximum power to power ratio of 38.5% and this value is lower than the respective values of the solar-assisted system. The maximum system efficiency was found for storage tank temperature at 220oC and evaporator temperature at 30oC, and in this case, the system energy efficiency is 19.1%, while the system exergy efficiency is 19.7%. For the typical case of (Tst=150oC and Tevap=70oC) the solar-assisted system presents a 61.1% power to power ratio which is 58.7% higher than the ambient source case.