bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
National Tourism Policy in the Russian Far East of Russia: a Case Study of the Republic of Buryatia
Authors: Maksanova Lyudmila B.-Z. , Budaeva Darima G. , Khrebtova Tatyana A.
Published: November 2024

The development of tourism in the Russian Far East is a priority for the strategic development of Russia in the current geopolitical environment. The state is implementing unprecedented measures to support the tourism industry in this macro-region. This article analyzes the implementation of the federal agenda for comprehensive tourism development in the Far East, using the Republic of Buryatia as an example (the republic is located in the Baikal natural territory and has been part of the Far Eastern Federal District since 2018). This article presents the key measures of state tourism policy for the Far East, as well as the mechanisms of state regulation and support of tourism in Buryatia. It demonstrates the changing territorial structure of tourism and recreational activities in the region. The study is based on legislative and regulatory documents, national projects, state programs, scientific publications and websites, as well as official statistical data from both federal and regional sources. The results of this study indicate that the Republic of Buryatia is actively enhancing its regional policy on tourism development by utilizing innovative approaches and progressive state support measures. Tourism in Buryatia has not only successfully overcome the consequences of the pandemic but is also developing in current conditions. This is evident in the prioritization of tourism in the Russian Far East and the significant efforts of the authorities of Buryatia, who participate in all competitive selections for federal financial support. At the same time, a significant increase in the number of accommodation facilities and tourist flow without insufficient consideration of environmental factors in investment and economic activities may manifest itself in increased environmental degradation. The article proposes measures to improve tourism policy in line with the solution of strategic tasks of tourism development in the Republic of Buryatia and the preservation of the unique ecosystem of Lake Baikal.
Theological facets of the doctrine of crime (some thoughts on the new monograph by Professor I. M. Ragimov)
Authors: Alikperov Khanlar J.
Published: November 2024

The article notes the undeniable scientific value of the new monograph by Professor I. M. Ragimov, rich in extraordinary thoughts, which is also manifested in the fact that from its pages the author speaks not only and not so much about something within the scope of the subject of research, but mainly something meaningful in the field under consideration. The advantage of the monograph is also seen in the fact that the author, considering certain theological or historical aspects of crime and punishment, reveals to the reader previously unexplored facets of these teachings in the Scriptures, demonstrating his brilliant knowledge of both the fundamental provisions of the Old and New Testaments, the Koran, the Vedas and the Tripitaka, as well as such monuments of the legal culture of antiquity, like the Laws of Hammurabi, the Code of Ur-Nammu, the Laws of Manu, etc., excerpts from which are harmoniously woven into the fabric of the text of the work. At the same time, analyzing certain moral and legal views of the Bible, I. M. Ragimov proceeds not only from his own understanding, but also from the postulates of general, comparative and dogmatic theology, which testifies to the author’s extensive knowledge in the field of scholastic church teaching about the Almighty and the dogmas of faith. Another distinctive feature of the reviewed book is that, for all the scientific intensity of the title, its content is much broader and richer. In particular, considerable attention is paid to purely criminological aspects, including the role of Abrahamic religions in preventing certain types of crimes, minimizing deviant behavior in society, forming the idea of proportionality of punishment for what they have done, etc.
TEACHING A COURSE IN EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS AT THE IMPERIAL MOSCOW UNIVERSITY BY PROFESSOR A. G. STOLETOV IN 1883-1896
Authors: YAKUTA A.A.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the activity in 1883-1896 of the outstanding Russian physicist Professor A. G. Stoletov as a reformer of the teaching process of experimental physics at the Imperial Moscow University. Based on the tutorials and textbooks prepared by A. G. Stoletov, using identified archival documents and memoirs of contemporaries, the program of the specified training course is analyzed and A. G. Stoletov's characterization as a teacher is given.
DIGITAL NATIVE LEARNING: A REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS
Authors: KUBANTSEVA D.I.
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the features of clip thinking of modern generations (digital natives) as subjects of the educational process, highlighting its positive and negative features. An analysis of materials published from 2019 to 2023 presented in the scientific bibliographic databases, namely, eLibrary, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink, tackling the problem of educating students with clip thinking has been done. Various educating methods and technologies that help reduce the influence of negative aspects of clip thinking and develop the ability to analyze, memorize, and comprehend information, as well as understand cause-and-effect relationships, which can be successfully used in teaching various disciplines have been analyzed. It is shown that at present there is a reliable evidence base on increasing the effectiveness of educating digital natives through specially designed computer games, the formative analytics method (organization of training on a digital platform by independently constructing an individual educational trajectory for students and its adjustment during the learning process in accordance with the recommendations of the teacher), blended learning approach - face-to-face and online, including flipped classrooms, and teach-back, also with the use of artificial intelligence systems and robots
NORMATIVE AND EMPATHIC VALUE ATTITUDES TOWARDS PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR OF MODERN STUDENTS OF HELPING PROFESSIONS
Authors: BAKOVA V.V.
Published: November 2024

The article substantiates the relevance of studying normative and empathie attitudes of students of helping professions. It has been shown that prosocial behavior is not synonymous with helping behavior. The types of value systems are indicated. The results of the study of normative and empathic value systems on prosocial behavior of modern students (n = 30) are presented. It is shown that the value systems of modern students of helping professions tend to have the empathic feature of the prosocial behavior.
Innovative links to competitive employment through industries for	the blind
Authors: Robert Hanye  , Adele Crudden
Published: November 2024

National Industries for the Blind (NIB) and industries associated with it have increased the employment options available to persons who are blind through diversification of jobs beyond traditional production operations. Current employment opportunities include service occupations, placement in community or federal government sites through contract employment with NIB or an associated industry, and telecommuting positions through use of technology. NIB and the industries associated with it continue to expand employment opportunities in response to consumer input, changes in the labor force, and the evolving business economy.
Farmworkers and disability: results of a national survey
Authors: Marlene F. Strong  , Vida J. Maralani
Published: November 2024

This paper describes the findings of a national study of farmworkers with disabilities. BPA conducted an in-person survey with a purposive sample of 201 adult farmworkers with disabilities and 66 disabled children in farmworker families in six states. Results show that adult and child farmworkers experienced a wide range of disabilities. Adults most commonly experienced back problems and other musculoskeletal problems. Children most commonly experienced developmental delays. However, both groups experienced a wide range of physical, sensory and cognitive disabilities, including chronic health problems. The survey also asked about service recognition and use. While farmworkers recognized and utilized a wide range of farmworker-specific and mainstream services, they used very few disability-related services, such as vocational rehabilitation and special education. Understanding more about farmworkers' views of disability would help disability service agencies improve outreach to this population.
A Norwegian approach to supported employment: Arbeid med	bistand
Authors: Angelika Schafft  , \Oystein Spjelkavik
Published: November 2024

This article sums up and discusses central aspects of a three year Norwegian pilot project on supported employment, initiated by the Ministry of Local Government and Labour, and called ``Arbeid med bistand'' (AB). The Work Research Institute was hired by the Ministry to carry out the evaluation of the pilot project. Project activity started in the Autumn of 1992 and was completed by the end of 1995. The main objective of AB was to develop new approaches for integrating people with vocational disabilities in ordinary jobs. The new element in AB has been integrated support and a total person orientation. In addition to giving support in finding a job and in working on that job, job coaches also gave the participants support in issues to do with living conditions and leisure activities. Experiences from the project showed that flexibility in approach is an important criterion for success in vocational rehabilitation. On this basis, the project evaluation asserts that the quality of vocational rehabilitation can be better assured when there is room for reflection and exchange of experiences, than by setting standards and creating routines. It is also asserted that the main principles of AB should be fundamental in all vocational rehabilitation. From January 1996, AB became established as one of the ordinary vocational rehabilitation services offered by the state. Preliminary findings from recent and ongoing research on these services indicate that AB has undergone some modifications concerning some of the original principles. The article ends up with a brief discussion of that issue.
The Introduction of person-centred planning in an Irish agency for	people with intellectual disabilities: An introductory study
Authors: Kevin Coyle  , Kitty Moloney
Published: November 2024

With a change to community-based services for adults with intellectual and other developmental disabilities, programs are increasingly planned so as to achieve preferred outcomes for individuals in employment as well as other domains of everyday living. This paper documents the introduction of person-centred planning in a community-based agency serving people with intellectual disabilities in Ireland. Committed to the extension of Supported Employment and to local options for service users, the authors and their colleagues reviewed the key elements of a futures planning process. Direct-care staff completed questionnaires relating to the outcomes of planning for sixteen service users. The findings affirm the importance of work outcomes for individuals. Recommendations are made for individualised training for those taking part in person-centred planning, for the inclusion of allies in the community who are not paid members of staff and for recognition of the demands placed on members of staff during periods of transition in service agencies.
Community based vocational training for students with significant	disabilities model: leadership and initiation
Authors: Paul Livelli
Published: November 2024

This article describes the initial steps in implementing a community-based vocational training program for students with significant disabilities. Issues that surround current practices are addressed and a case is made for using businesses in a partnership model to create a learning environment in the community. Benefits to students in one school are presented in a case study.
Transferable skills analysis in vocational rehabilitation:	Historical foundations, current status, and future trends
Authors: Patrick L. Dunn  , Bruce S. Growick
Published: November 2024

The analysis of transferable skills is a common procedure in the vocational assessment of individuals with disabilities who have work experience. Although the application of transferable skills analysis has gained broad acceptance within the rehabilitation profession, there is little research concerning its validity and utility. This article a) reviews the concepts which form the basis of transferable skills analysis and b) highlights the need for future research on this widely used approach to vocational assessment.
Issues in employment and career development for people with	multiple sclerosis: Meeting the needs of an emerging vocational rehabilitation	clientele
Authors: Phillip D. Rumrill, Jr.  , Tamara L. Tabor  , Mary L. Hennessey  , Deborah L. Minton
Published: November 2024

The article describes the employment experiences and concerns of people with multiple sclerosis (MS), one of the most common neurological disorders in the Western Hemisphere. The authors examine the factors that present barriers to successful employment for people with MS and offer recommendations to assist people with MS in overcoming those barriers.
The basics of measurement and statistics
Authors: James L. Bellini  , Shawn Fitzgerald  , Phillip Rumrill
Published: November 2024

This article provides an overview of the processes by which rehabilitation researchers select statistical analyses. The authors begin with a discussion of the different types of variables that researchers measure and manipulate. This discussion is followed by a description on how variables are articulated into research questions and hypotheses. The article concludes with summaries of the most commonly applied inferential statistics that are used in rehabilitation and other health-related professions.
Strategies for funding supported employment: A review of federal	programs
Authors: Paul Wehman  , Grant Revell
Published: November 2024

Federal funding for supported employment programs continues to be an essential part of the national implementation efforts. There are five major federal funding sources which include Title I and Title VI of the Rehabilitation Act, Developmental Disabilities funds, Title XIX of the Social Security Act and the Ticket to Work and Work Incentive Improvement Act. Each of these sources is described.
Recent developments in integrated disability management:	Implications for professional and organizational development
Authors: Janna Calkins  , John W. Lui  , Christopher Wood
Published: November 2024

This article examines recent developments in Disability Management (DM) programs and practices, as well as their potential impact in the context of significant changes in workplace demographics. Recent trends are highlighted, in particular the integrated disability management (IDM) approach and broadening perspective on managing all workplace absences to support employees and enhance productivity. Emerging absence management models that encompass the elements of DM and IDM to deal with all work interruptions are identified as the cutting edge of best practices. The authors further discuss how this movement impacts the roles and functions of practitioners in the field based on the findings of recent research by the Commission on Disability Management Specialist Certification (CDMSC). Suggestions for professional and organizational development are offered.
Reaching the door to employment: Is it really open?
Authors: Skiba Joseph A.
Published: November 2024

Historically services for people with physical and significant disabilities have come from Vocational Rehabilitation. With the advent of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 services are to be available through a universal system known as the One Stop delivery system. The One Stop system provides a set of ``core services'' and access to an array of other services offered by One Stop partners. This article outlines the facets of the One Stop system and the possible effects this delivery system has on services to people with physical disabilities and others with significant and multiple disabilities.
Staffing companies opening new doors to people with	disabilities
Authors: Egan Kelly
Published: November 2024

Supplemental staffing organizations are providing the key to unlock the high unemployment figures facing people with disabilities. HirePotential provides companies the knowledge and integration support to move people with disabilities from employee's of a staffing company to permanent jobs with corporate customers. Specific strategies are shared to replicate these successes within other supplemental staffing organizations across the country.
Project Corporate Support (CORPS): A model demonstration project	on workplace supports
Authors: West Michael D. , Targett Pamela , Steininger Gail , Anglin Newton
Published: November 2024

The competitive employment potential for students with severe disabilities exiting the school system has not achieved the potential that new technologies and legal protections afford. Project CORPS addressed the systemic barriers to post-school employment of students with disabilities through a corporate/employer-driven model of transition to supported employment. Students were assisted with employment through the use of business mentoring and other supportive services provided by the employer, supervisors, and coworkers.
Managing diversity: A key factor in improving efficiency,	productivity, and overall business success
Authors: Scott-Parker Susan , Zadek Simon
Published: November 2024

This article summaries the case for positioning disability as a strategic business priority. It reflects the experience of the United Kingdom and international business communities, as well as the findings from the latest academic research.
Cultural empowerment: Tools to engage and retain postsecondary	students with disabilities
Authors: Yuen JoAnn W.L. , Shaughnessy Brian
Published: November 2024

To improve the graduation rate of students with disabilities who attend colleges and universities, a response strategy consisting of four components is advocated: self-determination and self-advocacy curriculum developed to build life skills, faculty committed to increasing cultural capital for all students and sustaining environments where positive postsecondary experiences flourish; a range of related services; and a coordinated system of supports that is student-centered and delivered in the classroom.
A collaborative model to promote career success for students with	disabilities
Authors: Burgstahler Sheryl
Published: November 2024

Many young people entering the workforce are not well prepared to meet the demands of a dynamic work environment. Students with disabilities benefit from work-based learning activities as much as, if not more than, their non-disabled peers. Unfortunately, many school-to-work programs in high school and cooperative education and internship programs in college do not fully include students with disabilities, a group that represents an increasing proportion of today's school population. The University of Washington conducted a three-year project to help students with disabilities head toward successful careers by using a holistic and collaborative approach. Besides the students served, the team includes staff from precollege and postsecondary educational institutions, parents, mentors, employers, and community service providers. A post-work-experience survey was developed to answer the question "What impact do work-based learning experiences have on career-related attitudes, knowledge, and skills for students with disabilities?" Participants reported considerable benefit from their work-based learning experiences. They gained motivation to work toward a career, learned about careers and the workplace, gained job-related skills, learned to work with supervisors and co-workers, and developed accommodation strategies.
Denial and perceived visibility as predictors of adaptation to	disability among college students
Authors: Livneh Hanoch , Martz Erin , Wilson Lisa M.
Published: November 2024

The intent of this study was to examine the relationships between both denial and perceived visibility of disability and psychosocial adaptation to the condition. To this end, responses of 97 college students with disabilities to measures that included sociodemographic, disability-related and psychological variables, as well as denial, perceived visibility of disability, and psychosocial adaptation were analyzed. Results indicated that, after controlling for participants' sociodemographic, disability-related, and selected experiential variables, only denial was found to contribute significantly to psychosocial adaptation to disability.
A realistic perspective of risk in self-employment for people with	disabilities
Authors: Doyel Alice Weiss
Published: November 2024

To have self-employment as a true option for people with disabilities, vocational rehabilitation counselors need to understand what "at risk" means in the small business setting. They need to learn the steps that can be taken to reduce that "risk", increasing the probability of developing a successful business. The advantages of self-employment for a person with disabilities must be taken into consideration when assessing risk, for these often more than outweigh any risk involved. Positive methods should be employed to increase the probability of the person creating a successful, long-term business. These methods including entrepreneurship training, effective business planning that incorporates both personal and business goals, and technical support that looks at, and continues into, the future of the business rather than just its start up. Finally, risk is reduced by utilizing workplace accommodations that increase the effectiveness of the entire business, rather than just focusing the needs of the business owner with disabilities.
Use of transferable skill analysis software in forensic vocational	rehabilitation: Does this common technique withstand a challenge under	Daubert?
Authors: Sleister Stephanie L.
Published: November 2024

No research has been conducted on the validity of the occupations identified from transferable skill analysis (TSA) software. Yet, vocational specialists routinely use TSA programs to identify jobs and associated earnings for individuals with disabilities, and insurance carriers rely on this information to award or deny claims for disability. However, reviews of various court decisions indicate a propensity to reject vocational expert testimony if the expert based his or her opinion solely on the use of transferable skill analysis software. This article reviews (a) research on transferable skill analysis software; and (b) court decisions regarding the acceptance of vocational testimony under {\it Daubert}.
A scale to measure quality of supported employment for persons	with severe mental illness
Authors: Bond Gary R. , Campbell Kikuko , Evans Lisa J. , Gervey Robert , Pascaris Alysia , Tice Shaleigh , Del Bene Donato , Revell Grant
Published: November 2024

Objective}: Fidelity scales, which are instruments for measuring implementation of a program practice, are sorely needed as the mental health field increasingly moves toward adoption of evidence-based practices. We examined the psychometric properties of a new fidelity scale developed for assessing supported employment for people with severe mental illness.

Study design: Telephone surveys were conducted in 5 states using the 33-item Quality of Supported Employment Implementation Scale (QSEIS) and the 15-item Individual Placement and Support (IPS) Fidelity Scale. We interviewed program directors for 144 vocational programs, including 106 supported employment programs and 38 programs offering vocational services other than supported employment.

Results: Internal consistency for the total QSEIS was 0.72. For 27 (82%) of the QSEIS items, at least one-third of the supported employment sites were rated as fully implemented, suggesting concordance between the operating principles of supported employment as practiced in the field and the content of the QSEIS. Factor analysis yielded 5 interpretable factors: Job Placement, Integration with Mental Health Treatment, Long-Term Support, Teamwork, and Engagement. Supported employment differed from other vocational services, especially with respect to job placement in competitive employment and long-term support in these jobs. Concurrent validity was suggested by a 0.85 correlation between the QSEIS and the IPS Fidelity Scale.

Conclusions: Fidelity scales are an essential component of an evidence-based practice. Surveys based on psychometrically adequate fidelity scales, such as the QSEIS, can foster greater understanding to the extent of implementation of such practices. For local, state, and national surveys of supported employment, it is incumbent that researchers and program planners use the QSEIS or instruments like it to describe vocational services.
Supported employment in Finland six years following its	introduction
Authors: Pirttimaa Raija , Saloviita Timo
Published: November 2024

The current state of supported employment in Finland was studied through a nationwide survey given to job coaches in 2001. Supported employment was defined as paid work in integrated settings with on-going supports, including at least two visits per month at the workplace by a job coach. We found 19 supported employment programmes with 62 persons fulfilling the above definition. For the most part, the placements in supported employment were based on the personal interest of job coaches. Characteristics of people in supported employment are presented as well as their terms of employment. Some current trends of supported employment in Finland are discussed.
One-year followup of Illinois state vocational rehabilitation	clients with psychiatric disabilities following successful closure into	community employment
Authors: Cook Judith A.
Published: November 2024

Objective: To examine the one-year employment retention rate and nature of jobs held among clients with severe psychiatric disabilities working in the community at time of closure from the Illinois state vocational rehabilitation (VR) system, as well as factors associated with retention.

Design: The sample included clients closed from the VR system while employed in the community during 10/91 through 1/93. A total of 315 individuals were recruited and followed for one year by study researchers, at which time they completed telephone interviews. Data were analyzed using chi square and multiple logistic regression techniques.

Results: One year after closure, 71% of those who were employed in the community at the time of exiting state VR were still employed. Of those who were working, 63% were employed at the same positions held at closure.

Conclusions: Findings from post-closure followup studies can be used to enhance long-term vocational outcomes for mental health consumers.
Finding the right Personal Assistant
Authors: Turner Ed
Published: November 2024

A thorough self-assessment by the employee with a disability is critical to determining the level of need for workplace Personal Assistance Services (PAS). This paper describes why the self-assessment process should be employee-driven and how the self-assessment can assist the individual to select the Personal Assistant (PA) most qualified to meet his/her needs on the job. Although the process needs to be employee-driven, the author strongly advises employees to consult with rehabilitation professionals when appropriate to see that all support needs are addressed in the self-assessment. Finally, two sample tools are presented that can be used in the self-assessment process and in the recruitment of a qualified workplace PA.
A longitudinal report for three employees in a training consultant	model of natural support
Authors: Weiner Jan S. , Zivolich Steve
Published: November 2024

Twelve years of the natural support training consultant model for three individuals with significant disabilities is briefly reported. A private country club committed their own employees as initial trainers and long-term supports in a variety of positions within their organization. A full range of placement and support services were provided by the corporation including: job development, on the job training, job site modification, job sharing, job matching, development of special aids, family communication, case management and other work related support services. Although the program achieved significant qualitative success, the corporate partner was prepared to train and employ a larger number of employees with disabilities than were referred by the local developmental disability agency. The participants, compared to job coach supported consumers, experienced superior worker benefits for natural supports in the areas of job tenure, gross wages, and hours worked per week.
To conceal or disclose a disabling condition? A dilemma of	employment transition
Authors: Allen Shelley , Carlson Glenys
Published: November 2024

Disclosure is recognised as an issue for people of working age with a mental illness. Disclosure may also be an issue for people of working age with physical disabilities and chronic illness who are endeavouring to obtain and retain employment within their diminished work capacity in the open labour market. This paper is based on qualitative research into the employment transition of 13 participants with a range of disabling conditions. The conditions included rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, cancer, depression, HIV/AIDS, fracture of the wrist, traumatic head injury, and intervertebral lumbar disc prolapse. Despite loss of work capacity resulting in loss of employment, the participants secured durable employment within their capacities after periods of time sometimes extending to many years. Participants were interviewed to gain insight into the disability-to-employment transition experience regardless of their diagnosis. Of the 11 psychosocial themes that emerged from the data, concealment was one that was frequently and spontaneously identified by participants. In this paper the theme of concealment in the disability-to-employment transition is explored in detail. Relevant implications are identified for vocational rehabilitation professionals.
Predicting vocational adjustment following traumatic brain injury:	A test of a psychosocial theory
Authors: Kendall Elizabeth
Published: November 2024

This longitudinal study tested the utility of a psychosocial model of functional adjustment following traumatic brain injury (TBI). In addition to including the well-recognized relationships between neuro-cognitive and physical factors, the model suggests that subjective psychosocial variables (i.e., self-esteem and perceived social support) predict vocational adjustment through mediator variables, such as the severity of the individual's subjective appraisal of his or her situation. Ninety participants with TBI and their relatives participated in the study. Considerable support was found for the proposed relationships in that the prediction of vocational adjustment was improved beyond initial vocational adjustment by both psychosocial factors. Further, these factors appeared to influence vocational adjustment as a result of their impact on subjective appraisal. However, there also appeared to be a neurological basis for persistent vocational adjustment difficulties. As proposed, lower levels of emotional distress were associated with better vocational adjustment. The current findings have significant implications for the rehabilitation and vocational treatment of people with TBI. In particular, the model can foster the development of a preventative focus in TBI vocational rehabilitation. Specifically, it is possible to provide a potentially cost-effective way of identifying those individuals who are most likely to experience difficulties in the future and assisting them to maintain and develop the psychosocial resources and subjective appraisals that will improve their emotional and vocational well being.
Developing self-determination through career development	activities: Implications for vocational rehabilitation counselors
Authors: Izzo Margo Vreeburg , Lamb Peg
Published: November 2024

The demands of today's workforce include advanced training and high standards for productivity, problem solving, and teamwork. While several studies report that the enrollment rate of persons with disabilities in postsecondary education is increasing, they are experiencing limited success. Numerous authors suggest that the poor post-school outcomes of youth with disabilities are due to their limited development of self-determination and career decision-making skills. This paper provides a brief discussion on the relationship of self-determination to career development, a review of model transition programs that capitalize on the expertise of school and agency personnel who collaborate and share resources, the role of the rehabilitation counselor in promoting self-determination and career development skills, and recommendations for practice and policy issues affecting both vocational rehabilitation and education professionals.
Self-determination: What do rehabilitation counseling students	know and where do they learn it?
Authors: Thoma Colleen A. , Sax Caren L.
Published: November 2024

Promoting self-determination is now widely recognized in the literature as a best practice in special education services, particularly in relation to facilitating students' transition from high school to adult life, and, increasingly, in vocational rehabilitation. The present study reports a survey of rehabilitation counseling preservice students in two states to determine: 1) what rehabilitation counseling students know about self-determination; 2) where they learned to facilitate self-determination; 3) what strategies (curricula, assessments, and/or person-centered planning tools) they heard about and/or used to facilitate self-determination; and 4) how important the core competencies of self-determination were in their own lives. The results of the survey are highlighted and implications for professional development in vocational rehabilitation, research, and dissemination of further research related to self-determination are noted.
Can the 704 Annual Performance Report be used for planning? A	critical review
Authors: Usiak Douglas J. , Tomita Machiko R. , Tung Jun-Yuan
Published: November 2024

Centers for independent living (CILs) that receive Title VII Part C federal funds must submit a Section 704 Annual Performance Report to the Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA). In this paper, the most recent 704 Annual Performance Report data (2002) was analyzed, growth over the last five years was identified, and recommendations for future reporting methods were offered. In 2002, 354 federally funded CILs received $464 million, served 193,000 consumers and provided 1.35 million individual services. These figures represent an increase of 3.6, 2.2, and 1.7 times more, respectively, than those reported for 1997. Recommendations are made to improve the 704 Annual Performance Report form to collect multi-dimensional data that may facilitate meaningful interpretation for planning.
Psychometric validation of the Expectations About Rehabilitation	Counseling Scale: A preliminary study
Authors: Chan Fong , McMahon Brian T. , Shaw Linda R. , Lee Gloria
Published: November 2024

Identification and reconciliation of counselor expectations between consumer and counselor is believed to increase the counselor-consumer working alliance, which by extension will improve rehabilitation counseling outcomes. The purpose of this article is to describe the development of the Expectations About Rehabilitation Counseling (EARC) scale, one of the component measures used within the working alliance framework for enhancing counselor-consumer working relationship in rehabilitation. Principal components analysis results indicate a four-component solution (expectations about counselor behavior, expectations about consumer behavior, expectations about vocational services, and expectations about clinical and support services) to be optimal both in terms of parsimony and interpretability. This article provides empirical evidence for the factorial structure of the EARC scale. Consumers and counselors were found to differ significantly on two counseling expectancy factors: consumer behavior and clinical/support services. Discrepancies in counseling expectancies between counselors and consumers are inversely related to working alliance. Clinical applications of the EARC scale are discussed.
Vocational rehabilitation-related predictors of quality of life	among people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rumrill, Jr. Phillip D. , Roessler Richard T. , Fitzgerald Shawn M.
Published: November 2024

This study evaluated the strength of illness-related, employment-related, and psychosocial variables as predictors of quality of life (QOL) among people with multiple sclerosis (MS). An ex post facto, multiple correlational investigation was conducted with 1,310 people with MS who were members of the National MS Society. A questionnaire developed by the researchers included (a) demographic and illness-related items with both fixed and open response sets and (b) a QOL scale that asked respondents to rate on a scale of 1 (totally unsatisfying) to 7 (completely satisfying) their levels of satisfaction in major life areas. A backward stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed a model of vocational rehabilitation-related predictors in which QOL was found to be positively related to educational level and employment status and negatively related to number of symptoms, persistence of symptoms, and perceived stress level. The model explained 42.9 percent of the variance in QOL scores.
Strategies of support: Increasing the capacity of one-stop centers	to meet the needs of job seekers with disabilities
Authors: Timmons Jaimie Ciulla , Fesko Sheila Lynch , Cohen Allison
Published: November 2024

The Workforce Investment Act (WIA) mandates a new level of seamlessness in services delivered to customers, including those with disabilities. Using a case study methodology, this study examined the nature of service delivery to individuals with disabilities in three states (Kentucky, Minnesota, and Maine) as they worked to implement WIA. Findings revealed participants' concerns about the capacity to effectively support job seekers with disabilities. More importantly, individual states developed different strategies to alleviate this concern. This included: creating an ADA coordinator or team, using security tabs to protect confidentiality when data sharing, having individuals with disabilities and disability professionals represented on local boards, maintaining the vision that all partners serve all customers, and using federal grant funds creatively. Implications are offered for state and local officials who are implementing WIA as they work to continually enhance services to people with disabilities in their One-Stop systems.
Action research in clinical supervision
Authors: Koch Lynn C. , Arhar Joanne M. , Rumrill Phillip D.
Published: November 2024

The article describes action research strategies that can help vocational rehabilitation professionals develop skills in scientific reasoning and self-reflection. An overview of action research methodology is followed by specific applications of action research techniques to clinical supervision of graduate students and practicing professionals.
Service provider perspectives on including consumers in the	vocational rehabilitation process
Authors: Shaw Lynn , Sumsion Thelma , McWilliam Carol , MacKinnon Joyce
Published: November 2024

More efforts to include consumers in the service process are emerging within vocational rehabilitation. In response to this trend, service providers have implemented a variety of innovative approaches, which offer opportunities for persons with disabilities to assume a more active role in goal setting, enacting choices, and self-directing employment plans. However, rehabilitation professionals report that including consumers in partnership or leadership roles is a challenging process. Thus, a better understanding of the issues that hamper or enable consumer participation in vocational rehabilitation practice is needed. Therefore, a qualitative investigation was undertaken to examine service provider experiences in a consumer-driven program where consumer participation was expected. Fourteen service providers shared their views in focus groups on factors integral to consumer involvement. Data from service providers suggest that determinants of consumer participation coalesce around three basic components; consumer competencies for self-management responsibilities, service provider strategies for empowering others, and compatibility of resources at the system, agency and community levels. Implications for enhancing greater involvement of consumers in the vocational rehabilitation process are discussed.
Trends in outcomes for young people with work disabilities: Are we	making progress?
Authors: Horvath-Rose Ann E. , Stapleton David C. , O'Day Bonnie
Published: November 2024

This paper uses the Current Population Survey (CPS) from 1981–2000 to compare long-term trends in socio-economic outcomes for youth (aged 15–21) and young adults (aged 22–29) with work limitations to those for youth and young adults without work limitations. We focus on the years 1988 and 1999: years that roughly correspond to the peaks of successive business cycles. We find that prevalence of work limitations declined for males but increased for females, mostly accounted for by growth for African American females. Despite a substantial reduction in the educational attainment gap between young adults with and without disabilities, gaps in employment, earnings, dependency on public programs and poverty widened substantially. These trends could be due to factors that determine whether individuals report themselves to be work-limited, factors that affect individual outcomes regardless of self-reported work limitation status, or both sets of factors.
Workplace discrimination and Americans with cerebral palsy: The	national EEOC ADA research project
Authors: Lowman Dianne Koontz , West Steven L. , McMahon Brian T.
Published: November 2024

As part of the National EEOC ADA Research Project, the employment discrimination experience of Americans with cerebral palsy is examined. Researchers compare and contrast the key dimensions of workplace discrimination involving Americans with cerebral palsy and persons with other physical, sensory, and neurological impairments. Specifically, the researchers examine demographic characteristics of the charging parties; the industry designation, location, and size of employers against whom complaints are filed; the nature of discrimination (i.e., type of adverse action) alleged to occur; and the legal outcome or resolution of these complaints. Findings indicate that more allegations of discrimination were derived from persons with cerebral palsy if they were male, less than 39 years of age, and Caucasian. More allegations of discrimination were filed by persons with cerebral palsy when they worked for an employer whose industry designation involved Retail or Services. Finally, allegations involving persons with cerebral palsy were far more common when the complaint involved discrimination directly related to hiring.
Work Ability and PAR: A guide for implementing full participation	in complex systems change initiatives
Authors: Holt Judith M. , Chambless Catherine E. , Christensen Heather
Published: November 2024

In the last few decades, systems change initiatives have strengthened and expanded the supports and services available to people with disabilities. However, these change efforts have not realized the intended goal of a fully inclusive society. To achieve this goal requires commitment to full participation and decision-making by persons with disabilities at the system level. Their participation should guide the design of services and supports that are responsive to consumers' actual needs, not those perceived by professionals.

Work Ability, a major systems change initiative in Utah, used a participatory action research (PAR) process to facilitate full participation of people with disabilities at the system level to guide the design, implementation, and evaluation of multiple work incentive programs. An evaluation of the PAR process used by Work Ability indicated that people with disabilities positively perceived their ability to affect the process.
The role of rehabilitation in achieving social justice for	minorities with disabilities
Authors: Alston Reginald J. , Harley Debra A. , Middleton Renee
Published: November 2024

The concept of social justice appears to offer a new and appropriate context for examining the interplay between race and rehabilitation policy and service provision. The principles of social justice encourage a fairer distribution of power and resources in society through politically conscious advocacy and interventions. The intent of this paper is to explore the assumptions of social justice in relation to the fundamental goals of rehabilitation. In particular, the exploration will focus on the common principles (e.g., protection of human rights, promotion of equity) inherent to both philosophies. Special attention is given to the interaction between social justice and the rehabilitation experience for minorities with disabilities.
The cost of supported employment in Wisconsin (FY 2002 – FY	2005)
Authors: Cimera Robert Evert
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the costs of supported employment in Wisconsin over a four-year period (FY 2002 – FY2005). Findings suggest that the average annual per capita cost incurred by Vocational Rehabilitation rose 61.7% not influenced by the supported employees' disabling condition or its severity.
Critical strategies for implementing supported employment
Authors: Becker Deborah R. , Baker Stephen R. , Carlson Linda , Flint Laura , Howell Ruth , Lindsay Shannon , Moore Michael , Reeder Steven , Drake Robert E.
Published: November 2024

Objective: This paper provides a review of experiences by six states and the District of Columbia in disseminating an evidence-based practice, supported employment (SE). Each jurisdiction had unique strengths and barriers to overcome to effectively implement supported employment services for people with severe mental illness.

Methods: Using a case study approach seven jurisdictions report special aspects surrounding the implementation of evidence-based supported employment.

Results: Diverse strategies were used to augment implementation of supported employment services: a) Instituting state-level administrative procedures and reconfiguration of local staffing to enhance collaboration between mental health and vocational rehabilitation; b) Promoting SE services through the media, on-line training, and training by early adopters; c) Hiring benefits specialists; d) Teaching outcome-based supervision; and e) Building capacity for supported employment fidelity reviews.

Conclusions: Dissemination of evidenced-based supported employment was enhanced when six states and the District of Columbia addressed special aspects. Supported employment implementation included different pathways to good employment outcomes.
The cost-trends of supported employment versus sheltered	employment
Authors: Cimera Robert Evert
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the cost-trends of supported and sheltered employees with mental retardation as they completed one "employment cycle" (i.e., from the point they entered their programs to the point when they changed their jobs, left their program, or otherwise stopped receiving services). Data indicate that the cumulative costs generated by supported employees are much lower than the cumulative costs generated by sheltered employees ($6,618 versus $19,388). Further the cost-trend of supported employees was downward while the cost-trend of sheltered employees was slightly upward, indicating that the costs of supported employment decline over time while those of sheltered workshops increase.