bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A ‘Special’ Delivery? Exploring the Impact of Screens, Live-Links and Video-Recorded Evidence on Mock Juror Deliberation in Rape Trials
Authors: Ellison Louise , Munro Vanessa E
Published: September 2013

This article discusses the findings of a study in which 160 volunteer members of the public observed one of four mini rape trial reconstructions and were asked to deliberate as a group towards a verdict. In a context in which research into the substantive content of the deliberations of real jurors is prohibited by the Contempt of Court Act 1981, these discussions were analysed to assess whether, and in what ways, perceptions of adult rape testimony are influenced by different modes of presentation. While lawyers and other observers have speculated about the possible undue effects of alternative trial arrangements on juror perceptions and the evaluation of evidence in rape trials, the issue has received scant empirical attention. In an effort to bridge this knowledge gap, this study investigated the influence upon mock jurors of three special measures currently made available in England and Wales to adult sexual offence complainants by the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999, namely (1) live-links; (2) video-recorded evidence-in-chief followed by live-link cross-examination and (3) protective screens. Following a careful and contextual exploration of the content of the mock juries’ deliberations, the researchers conclude that there was no clear or consistent impact as a result of these divergent presentation modes, suggesting that concerns over the use of special measures by adult rape complainants (at least in terms of juror influence) may be overstated.
The Fixation on Wartime Rape
Authors: Henry Nicola
Published: September 2013

Since the early 1990s, wartime rape has been successfully prosecuted as a war crime, a crime against humanity and a crime of genocide. Feminist scholars, however, warn that the unprecedented attention to wartime sexual violence within international criminal law has had wide-ranging and unintended consequences. The aim of this article is to examine the heightened consciousness around wartime sexual violence and its ascendancy as a crime against ‘humanity’. The article draws attention to two discourses. The first is the feminist political project, which sought to delineate wartime rape as a crime of grave magnitude that warranted explicit treatment under international criminal law; the second is the postmodernist feminist discourse, which questions the desirability of fixating on sexual violence against women in conflict. The point of this article is not to situate myself in either camp but rather to examine the power of international criminal law to pronounce meaning, demarcate the gravity of crimes and silence alternative stories. I will argue that due to the impassioned political controversy over rape within populist, scholarly and legal realms, not only are the substantive problems associated with rape prosecutions often left obscured but problematic rape hierarchies are reified and victim experiences further marginalised.
Low-dimensional Characterisation of Liquidity of Individual Stocks in the Indian Market
Authors: Chatterjee Devlina , Mukhopadhyay Chiranjit
Published: September 2013

There is no single, definitive and universally accepted measure of a stock’s ‘liquidity’. The literature proposes a large number of proxy measures for liquidity. Suitable low dimensional characterisation of liquidity may improve understanding and enable better market regulation. We present factor analyses of stock-specific liquidity measures, using cross-sectional data from the National Stock Exchange of India, for two time periods reflecting different market conditions. Day-wise analyses of eleven liquidity proxies suggest five factors, interpretable as spread, depth, volume, price elasticity and relative activity. Consistency in the results obtained from the two periods suggests that the factor structure is stable.

JEL Classification: G11, C38
Market-wide Herding and the Impact of Institutional Investors in the Indian Capital Market
Authors: Lakshman M.V. , Basu Sankarshan , Vaidyanathan R.
Published: September 2013

The article tries to identify the presence of ‘market-wide herding’ in the Indian capital market and whether institutional investors impact such herding. In particular, the article looks at the impact of Foreign Institutional Investors flows as well as mutual funds on herding. The work also looks at the the impact of index return and volatility on herding.

JEL Classification: G140, G180, C580, G120
Is there a peak in popular music preference at a certain song-specific age? A replication of Holbrook & Schindler’s 1989 study
Authors: Hemming Jan
Published: September 2013

This is a replication and further interpretation of Holbrook and Schindler’s study “Some Exploratory Findings on the Development of Musical Tastes” from 1989. Holbrook and Schindler’s investigation has been widely acknowledged in music psychology as well as in consumer research and has helped further the assumption that people generally cling to music and other cultural objects they get to know in late adolescence/early adulthood. In the current replication study, a peak in musical preference across song-specific age could be confirmed, but it shifted from 23.47 years in the original study to 17.36 years in the replication. This could possibly be explained by subjects’ earlier exposure to music and increased media familiarity. However, it could be shown that preferences at these peaks do not significantly differ from preferences at other ages. Also, the inverted U-shaped curve featured in the original study could not be observed among individuals’ ratings, which tend to prefer music which is either gradually older or else gradually younger than themselves. The U-shaped curve seems to emerge as an artefact of combining two types of rather linear data into one chart. In fact, no empirical evidence remains to sustain the overall cultural assumption which has its basis in Holbrook and Schindler’s study. It might still be valid, as evidenced by people having experienced the generation effect individually, but alternative research strategies will have to be developed to provide its empirical confirmation.
Experimental validation of a magnetorheological energy absorber design analysis
Authors: Mao Min , Hu Wei , Choi Young T , Wereley NM , Browne Alan L , Ulicny John
Published: September 2013

A key challenge when designing linear stroke magnetorheological energy absorbers for high-speed impact is that high piston speeds in linear stroke magnetorheological energy absorbers induce high Reynolds number flows in the magnetic valve of the magnetorheological energy absorber, so that achieving high controllable dynamic range can be a design challenge. So far, the research on magnetorheological energy absorbers has typically assumed that the off-state force increases linearly with piston velocity. But at the higher piston velocities occurring in impact events, the off-state damping exhibits nonlinear velocity squared damping effects. This problem was recognized in our prior work, where it was shown that minor losses are important contributing factors to off-state damping. In this study, a nonlinear analytical magnetorheological energy absorber model is developed based on a Bingham-plastic nonlinear flow model combined with velocity squared dependent minor loss factors. This refined model is denoted as the Bingham-plastic nonlinear flow model with minor losses. From this Bingham-plastic nonlinear flow model with minor losses, an effective design strategy is presented for conventional magnetorheological energy absorbers. The Bingham-plastic nonlinear flow model with minor losses is validated via computational fluid dynamics simulation, so that magnetorheological energy absorber performance can be analytically verified before being manufactured. The magnetorheological energy absorber is fabricated and tested up to an effective piston velocity of 5 m/s by using the high-speed drop tower facility at the GM R&D Center. Comparison of our analysis with measured data is conducted, and the effective design of the magnetorheological energy absorber using the Bingham-plastic nonlinear flow model with minor losses is validated.
Curved Kirigami SILICOMB cellular structures with zero Poisson’s ratio for large deformations and morphing
Authors: Chen Yijin , Scarpa Fabrizio , Remillat Chrystel , Farrow Ian , Liu Yanju , Leng Jinsong
Published: September 2013

The work describes the design, manufacturing, and parametric modeling of a curved cellular structure (SILICOMB) with zero Poisson’s ratio produced using Kirigami techniques from polyetheretherketone films. The large deformation behavior of the cellular structure is evaluated using full-scale finite element methods and experimental tests performed on the cellular samples. Good agreement is observed between the mechanical behavior predicted by the finite element modeling and the three-point bending compression tests. Finite element simulations have also been used to perform a parametric analysis of the stiffness against the geometry of the cellular structures, showing a high degree of tailoring that these cellular structures could offer in terms of minimum relative density and maximum stiffness. The experimental results also show high levels of strain-dependent loss factors and low residual deformations after cyclic large deformation loading.
On the fundamental and superharmonic effects in bistable energy harvesting
Authors: Harne RL , Wang KW
Published: September 2013

Superharmonic dynamics are characteristic of many nonlinear systems undergoing high levels of excitation. However, what constitutes high levels is relative to the system under study. For instance, bistable oscillators may have very low linearized natural frequency which often becomes a normalization parameter for excitation in analysis. Thus, high excitation levels may be a common operating condition for bistable oscillators. Recent experimental energy harvesting investigations using bistable devices (referred to as bistable energy harvesting) have observed superharmonic spectral and phenomenological effects yielding superior electrical power relative to that achieved by the fundamental harmonic. To provide a thorough analytical framework to probe the collective fundamental and superharmonic effects on bistable energy harvester power harvesting performance, this article employs the method of harmonic balance to predict the resulting electrodynamic responses applicable to piezoelectric and electromagnetic coupling configurations. The analytical results exemplify the relative ease by which significant superharmonic effects are activated and dominate spectral characteristics, potentially to greatly benefit energy harvesting. The conclusions are corroborated by trends observed in previously published investigations and are validated by present numerical results and experimental findings. This study provides new insights and suggests that careful understanding of excitation characteristics is needed for optimum bistable energy harvesting in practice.
Baffle silencer with tunable resonators for adaptive control of variable tonal noise
Authors: Pommier-Budinger Valerie , Cherrier Olivier
Published: September 2013

This article presents a baffle silencer with tunable resonators consisting of two superimposed and identically perforated plates associated with a partitioned cavity made of thermoplastic resin. One plate is fixed while the other is movable. Displacement of the mobile plate changes the internal shapes of the resonator necks and shifts the resonance frequency of the system to lower values. The contributions of this paper are firstly, the modeling of a panel with tunable resonators made of necks with a variable geometry and a partitioned cavity in resin and, secondly, the use of the model to elaborate a control strategy to attenuate variable tonal noise. All of the theoretical studies are validated by experimental measurements. Final results show the efficiency of the silencer in attenuating a tonal noise that varies between 2000 and 2800 Hz.
Numerical solution for the linear time and space fractional diffusion equation
Authors: El Danaf Talaat S
Published: September 2013

In this paper, we consider the numerical resolution of a time and space fractional diffusion equation. The main purpose of this work is to construct an efficient accurate numerical solution by using spline function and then we analyze the stability of the obtained scheme for the time-space fractional diffusion equation. Numerical experiments are carried out to support the theoretical claims.
Heterogeneity Within Multiple Perpetrator Rapes
Authors: da Silva Teresa , Woodhams Jessica , Harkins Leigh
Published: September 2013

The effect of number of perpetrators involved in multiple perpetrator rapes on offense characteristics is underresearched despite beliefs that duos/dyads differ in their interactions and dynamics to groups of 3+ members. We analyzed a national sample of 336 allegations of completed and attempted rape of female victims from the United Kingdom. Rapes committed by multiple (duos and groups of 3+ perpetrators) and lone offenders were compared on offense characteristics (incorporating the approach, maintenance, and closure phases of each rape) and victim and offender sociodemographic characteristics. Significant differences between rapes committed by lone, duo, and 3+ group offenders were found for the age and ethnicity of the offenders; the type of approach used; the locations of the initial contact, assault, and release of the victims; the use of a vehicle; the precautions utilized; the verbal themes present; and the sex acts performed. These results have implications for educational prevention programs and interventions with offenders.
Symmetry analysis and invariance relations in creep
Authors: Magnenet V , Rahouadj R , Ganghoffer J-F
Published: September 2013

A novel and rational approach based on Lie analysis is proposed to investigate the mechanical behaviour of materials exhibiting experimental master curves. Our approach relies on the idea that the mechanical response of materials is associated with hidden symmetries; the general objective of this contribution is to reveal those symmetries from measurements and to construct constitutive laws from them. This approach provides a priori two ways of formulating constitutive laws from data as well as the possibility of predicting new master curves and material charts. The first part of the paper is devoted to the presentation of the general methodology. Afterwards, the strategy is applied to the uniaxial creep and rupture behaviour of a Chrome-Molybdene alloy (9Cr1Mo) at different temperatures and stress levels. Constitutive equations for creep and rupture master responses are identified for this alloy and validated on experimental data.
Boys as Sexy Bodies
Authors: Allen Louisa
Published: September 2013

How might we understand young men’s sexual embodiment at school? This article is concerned with the body as a site for the intersection of masculinities and sexualities at school. In a bid to contribute to existing narrative analyses of young men’s sexualities in educational contexts, this research employs visual methods in order to “picture” these intersections. Findings are drawn from an exploratory study in two secondary schools, where photo diaries and photo elicitation were undertaken with twenty-two students aged sixteen to eighteen years. It is argued that, the idea of boys as “sexy bodies,” that is, bodies that are experienced and viewed as sexual, is missing. This omission occurs in two ways; as a focus for school-based research and as an understanding of young men’s schooled experience. Through an analysis of enfleshed bodies captured by photo methods, the ways in which male sexuality is corporeally manifested as active, desiring, heteronormative and “sexy” are explored.
Mobile teledermatology – patient satisfaction, diagnostic and management concordance, and factors affecting patient refusal to participate in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Kaliyadan Feroze , Amin Tarek Tawfik , Kuruvilla Joel , Ali Waleed Hamad Al Bu
Published: September 2013

We evaluated the use of a 4G smart phone for mobile teledermatology. A dermatologist took pictures of skin images with a mobile phone (8 Mpixel camera resolution) and made a face-to-face diagnosis. The images were transmitted to a second dermatologist who viewed them on a similar mobile phone and made an independent diagnosis for comparison. Images were taken and transmitted only after receiving informed consent from the patients. A total of 166 consecutive patients were included in the study (97 male and 69 female). A questionnaire to assess patient satisfaction was administered to each patient. Most of the responders were highly satisfied with teledermatology. However, 23 patients (14%) refused photography of the skin lesions (21 female and 2 males). The main reasons for refusal to be photographed were stated as social or religious. The broad categorical diagnostic and management concordance (i.e. when considering at least one of the diagnoses to be similar) was 95%. Specific diagnostic concordance varied according to the disease. The average kappa coefficient was 0.66 for diagnostic concordance and 0.82 for management concordance. Refusal to be photographed – a problem not limited to teledermatology – needs to be considered when designing teledermatology protocols for larger scale implementation in areas like the Middle East.
Photography’s afterlife: Documentary images and the operational archive
Authors: McQuire Scott
Published: September 2013

In the 1980s, the deployment of digital cameras inspired widespread concern about the ‘death of photography’ and the loss of the evidentiary value of photographic images. In retrospect, it is easy to see that many of these fears were either overstated or simply misplaced. Nevertheless, the digital threshold has enabled enormous changes to the way in which images are produced, circulated and stored. In this article, the author considers how images ‘testify’ in the digital milieu. He approaches this issue by way of several long-standing debates in documentary practice, namely context, access and stance. He then argues that the current shift of the photograph from ‘picture’ to ‘data’ is driving a related shift in the image archive, creating the conditions for what he calls the operational archive. Operationality has significant implications for developing new protocols for managing image archives that are relevant to historically oppressed groups such as Aboriginal peoples in Australia
Getting our hands dirty (again): Interactive documentaries and the meaning of images in the digital age
Authors: Favero Paolo
Published: September 2013

This article offers an ethnographic exploration of the world of interactive documentaries (i-docs), suggesting how such a scrutiny opens up a new scenario for visual culture – one where the study of the visual field needs to be backed up with an increasing awareness of digital culture, interactivity and the functioning of Web 2.0. Incorporating the languages that dominate communication on social networks and image sharing platforms, i-docs are a window onto the changing meaning of images in the context of contemporary digital technologies. In such products, a variety of different kinds of materials (such as videos, photos, sounds, texts, etc.) converge, forcing us to rethink the very meaning of image beyond the field of vision. Fostering new forms of interpretation and exploration of audio-visual materials, these projects also generate new connections between life online and life offline. Informed by the principles of participation, sharing and relationality that inform contemporary social networks, i-docs seem to invite us to engage with the physicality and socialness of everyday life, in other words, to get our hands dirty (again).
The remediation of the personal photograph and the politics of self-representation in digital storytelling
Authors: Vivienne Sonja , Burgess Jean
Published: September 2013

Over the past couple of decades, the cultural field formerly known as ‘domestic’, and later ‘personal’ photography has been remediated and transformed as part of the social web, with its convergence of personal expression, interpersonal communication and online social networks (most recently via platforms such as Flickr, Facebook and Twitter). Meanwhile, the digital storytelling movement (involving the workshop-based production of short autobiographical videos) from its beginnings in the mid-1990s relied heavily on the narrative power of the personal photograph, often sourced from family albums and later from online archives. This article addresses the new issues arising for the politics of self-representation and personal photography in the era of social media, focusing particularly on the consequences of online image-sharing. It discusses in detail the practices of selection, curation, manipulation and editing of personal photographic images among a group of activist-oriented queer digital storytellers who have in common a stated desire to share their personal stories in pursuit of social change and whose stories often aim to address both intimate and antagonistic publics.
Translating travelling ideas: The introduction of unemployment insurance in Turkey
Authors: Ozkan Umut Riza
Published: September 2013

The policy transfer/learning framework provides clues about the ideational sources of new institutional components such as the new unemployment insurance (UI) programme in Turkey. Yet it is not clear how ideas produced by transnational actors within different networks are conveyed to the national political landscape by transnational and/or domestic actors, and how these ‘travelling ideas’ are then operationalized at the national level. How do international organizations (IOs) get involved in the translation of travelling ideas, such as those which informed the design of Turkey’s UI scheme, into the national landscape? How did the domestic actors articulate and modify the ideas of IOs during the institutionalization process of Turkey’s UI programme? This article suggests that the ‘translation’ concept can provide further insights into better understanding the interaction between IOs and domestic actors that occurred during the introduction process of the UI scheme in Turkey.
Analyzing for critical resistance in narrative research
Authors: Wolgemuth Jennifer R
Published: September 2013

This paper details a narrative analysis strategy called critical resistance analysis (CRA). The aim of a CRA is to bring forward the kinds of subjects participants draw on when talking about themselves in narrative interviews and to make explicit how those subjects are resisted and desired. The CRA is distinguished from other narrative analyses of self in that it focuses on resistance in both its structural, anti-hegemonic and ‘poststructural’, self-refusal forms. The latter kind of resistance is what Hoy (2005) refers to as ‘critical’ resistance; the desire to undo oneself. A CRA looks for participant resistance in narrative and antenarrative (Boje, 2001) data. Antenarratives are incomplete stories that are often too fragmented to analyze using traditional narrative methods and can be seen as powerful examples of meaning-making in progress. A CRA newly brings an antenarrative understanding to the study of self in four analytic foci: deconstruction trace, discourse-argument, resistance and intersubjectivity analysis. Together these analytic foci reveal the subjects narrative participants seek (not) to be and afford a more complex understanding of how participants struggle with and against themselves.
Differences in diagnosis, follow-up and treatment of patients with dementia living in the peripheral areas compared with the central areas of Israel
Authors: Merims D , Shemesh D Golan , Nahari H , Arharov O , Ari G Ben , Israel J Ben
Published: September 2013

We compared data regarding diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with dementia in the central and the peripheral areas of Israel. Data were collected from the medical records of 164 patients with advanced dementia, all residents of dementia special care units – 97 patients from a central nursing home and 67 patients from the peripheral areas. The data collected related to the period prior to hospitalization and included: demographic data, imaging tests, follow-up by a memory clinic and drug treatment prior to admission. Mini Mental State Examination on admission was also recorded. Patients in the peripheral areas were hospitalized while having better cognitive function, as demonstrated by the Mini Mental State Examination ( p < 0.05). More patients in the central areas versus the peripheral areas were aided by an in-house worker prior to admission ( p < 0.001). More patients with dementia in the central areas were followed up by a memory clinic ( p < 0.001) and underwent brain imaging ( p < 0.01) compared with patients with dementia living in the peripheral areas. Although not significant, patients from the central areas were more commonly treated with atypical neuroleptics for behavioral problems ( p = 0.05). On the basis of the current data, we suggest that there are differences in the diagnosis, follow-up and drug treatment among patients with dementia living in the central areas versus those living in the peripheral ones. Patients in the peripheral areas are hospitalized while their cognitive abilities are relatively better than those of the patients in central areas.
Aggressive behaviors between residents with dementia in an assisted living residence
Authors: Caspi Eilon
Published: September 2013

Aggressive behavior between residents with dementia in long-term care residences is a concerning but understudied phenomenon. The goal of the study was to identify the circumstances, sequence of events, and triggers that lead to these behaviors. I collected the data during 10 months in two special care units of an assisted living residence. I used participant observation as the primary data collection strategy, complemented by review of clinical records and semi-structured interviews with care staff and managers. As the analytic framework, I used Grounded Theory informed by Miles and Huberman’s approach. In a substantial number of the reported 85 incidents, I identified observable early warning signs; in the majority, I identified observable causes or triggers prior to the aggressive acts. The majority of incidents were situational-reactive (circumstance-driven) and therefore potentially modifiable. Twelve effective staff prevention strategies were identified. I suggest incorporating the study findings into care staff training programs.
Diabetes and stem cells: Endogenous effects and reparative mechanisms
Authors: Seewoodhary Jason , Evans Peter J
Published: September 2013

Stem cells offer a novel approach to diabetes care based on regeneration, which can potentially shift treatment paradigms towards curation; therapeutic approaches have honed in on generating functional stem cell-derived islet cells for transplantation. Other approaches include stimulating endogenous stem cell replication followed by differentiation into functional islet cells in situ. This review critically considers the impact of diabetes on endogenous stem cells and discusses the potential utility of stem cell therapies for the treatment of diabetes.
Albuminuria and renal function as predictors of cardiovascular events and mortality in a general population of patients with type 2 diabetes: A nationwide observational study from the Swedish National Diabetes Register
Authors: Svensson Maria K , Cederholm Jan , Eliasson Björn , Zethelius Björn , Gudbjörnsdottir Soffia
Published: September 2013

Objective:

Reduced renal function and albuminuria predict cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality in type 2 diabetes (T2D). In addition, we evaluated the role of co-existing congestive heart failure (CHF) and other CV risk factors on CV events in a large observational population-based cohort of T2D patients.

Research design and methods:

We included 66,065 patients with T2D who were reported to the National Diabetes Register (NDR) in Sweden between 2003–2006 with a follow-up of 5.7 years. Data on outcomes were collected from the cause of death and hospital discharge registers.

Results:

A total of 10% of patients experienced a CV event and 3.7% of these were fatal. Increasing levels of albuminuria and renal impairment were independently associated with increasing risk of CV events and all-cause mortality also when adjusting for CHF. In normoalbuminuric patients, a reduction in renal function is an important predictor of CV events and all-cause mortality. Glycaemic control (high HbA1c), smoking and hyperlipidaemia had important effects on risk for CV events in patients with albuminuria, while high blood pressure, but not glycaemic control, had an effect in patients with normoalbuminuric renal impairment.

Conclusion:

Albuminuria and renal impairment are independent risk factors for CV outcomes and mortality in T2D, albuminuria being the strongest risk factor and relevant at all levels of renal function. In normoalbuminuric patients, a reduction in renal function is an important predictor of CV events and all-cause mortality.
Parent–Child Interaction Therapy With a Deaf and Hard of Hearing Family
Authors: Shinn Marta M.
Published: September 2013

Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children are an exceptional needs population with unique mental health concerns requiring specialized intervention. However, psychological interventions aimed at treating these children are limited. Parent–Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is an empirically established therapeutic modality for the treatment of children with behavioral and emotional difficulties. This case study describes how PCIT was adapted to effectively intervene in assisting a deaf mother improve parent–child communication, bonding, and her hard-of-hearing son’s behavior. Readers will learn how PCIT was adapted and implemented with a DHH family, including the use of sign language interpreters within the model, translating PCIT behavioral coaching to American Sign Language, and an overall broadened understanding of mental health treatment with the DHH population. The effect of treatment on the child and parent who participated is also discussed.
Hybrid treatment of a post-EVAR aortoenteric fistula
Authors: Sörelius Karl , Sundbom Magnus , Mani Kevin , Wanhainen Anders
Published: September 2013

This report presents a case of secondary aortoenteric fistula after endovascular aortic repair in a fragile patient: The fistula developed due to aneurysm shrinkage and remodeling of the stent graft, resulting in a kink eroding through the aneurysm wall into the duodenum. The aortoenteric fistula was successfully treated with a hybrid procedure with endovascular aortic repair, followed by open enteroraphy and omental flap coverage of the stent graft and local antibiotic irrigation. Despite the presence of the stent graft in a previously infected field, the patient has recovered from the acute event with no septic recurrence or hemorrhage during four years of follow-up.
Collective memory as a metaphor: The case of speeches by Israeli prime ministers 2001–2009
Authors: Gavriely-Nuri Dalia
Published: September 2013

This paper presents a critical reading of the metaphor “collective memory”, coined by the French sociologist Maurice Halbwachs in the 1920s. The main argument is that collective memory scholars have lost awareness of the concept’s metaphoric character and have come to perceive the concept as expressing a concrete reality. In the research context, automatic adoption of collective memory as a concrete entity rather than a metaphor has shaped a “fixed” or “static” picture of historical events. In the political context, ignoring collective memory as a metaphor prevents our seeing the manipulative uses of collective memory to create the illusion of an ostensibly consolidated and unified “collective,” adhering to a coherent repertoire of memories.

The corpus includes all the speeches delivered by two Israeli prime ministers, Ariel Sharon (in office 2001–2005) and Ehud Olmert (in office 2006–2009). The methodology was inspired by Charteris-Black’s critical metaphor analysis, an approach incorporating Critical Discourse Analysis and corpus linguistics. The analysis also used the Cultural Approach to Critical Discourse Analysis (CCDA).
Fighting in the shadow of the past: The mobilizing role of vernacular memories of the 1987 pro-democracy movement in the 2008 candlelight protests in Korea
Authors: Lee Kyung
Published: September 2013

This article examines how the vernacular memory of a political contestation in the past can be appropriated as a conceptual tool with which the present is interpreted. Through the case study of the 2008 candlelight protests in South Korea, this article discusses how the 1987 pro-democracy movement gained visibility and became articulated on the Internet. The article shows that the politics of memory—tensions and conflicts over the meaning of the past—was central to the meaning-making of the protests. The vernacular reconstruction of the past movement on the Internet created an alternative discourse, characterized by concreteness, corporeality, and multiplicity, which allowed the protests to gain momentum. From the analysis of the postings on one of the most active Internet forums in the country, Agora, this article examines the complex interplay among vernacular memories, digital media, and the institutional discourse of the past and the present in times of political contestation.
The use of thrombolytic therapy in pregnancy
Authors: Gartman Eric J
Published: September 2013

The relative hypercoagulable state of pregnancy leads to an increased risk of thrombotic complications, of which some may be life-threatening or medically devastating. In the non-pregnant patient, the current guidelines suggest thrombolysis as the primary treatment in acute ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction when percutaneous intervention is unavailable, certain cases of mechanical valve thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism with hemodynamic compromise or shock. Given that clinical trial data regarding thrombolytic use in pregnant women are absent due to exclusion, the goal of this review is to summarize the available published data regarding the use of thrombolytic agents and subsequent outcomes and complications in pregnant women. Overall, the use of thrombolytic agents in pregnancy is associated with a relatively low reported complication rate, especially given the severe medical conditions for which they are indicated. The data would suggest that thrombolysis should be considered for appropriate indications similar to that of non-pregnant patients. However, caution should be exercised when drawing conclusions regarding maternal and fetal safety, given the lack of controlled clinical trials including pregnant women and the nature of the weak evidence level of the cumulative data presented in this review.
The increasing burden of hypertension in Nigeria – can a dietary salt reduction strategy change the trend?
Authors: Mezue Kenechukwu
Published: September 2013

Developing countries face a dual challenge of both communicable and non-communicable disease – 80% of deaths from cardiovascular disease occur in low and middle-income countries. Hypertension ranks highest as an attributable cause of mortality in both developed and developing countries. The prevalence of hypertension is rising rapidly in Nigeria, from 11% two decades ago to about 30% in recent times. This review explores salt reduction in the diet at the population-wide level as a means of reducing the burden of hypertension in Nigeria. The evidence behind this strategy is explored, methods of how this goal was achieved in other countries are investigated and recommendations on how it could be accomplished in the Nigerian context are considered. There are suggestions that if salt reductions are effectively implemented on a population-wide basis, it will have an impact on morbidity and mortality as large as that which the provision of drains and safe water had in the 19th century.
Reclaiming Students’ Voices
Authors: Hill K. Dara
Published: September 2013

In this study, a researcher investigated how teachers can negotiate their practice to engage high-needs students whose life experiences are not reflected in the curriculum, without compromising administrative demands for standardized curriculum and pacing. A fourth-grade teacher in a high-achieving, high-poverty urban primary school in Detroit adhered to paced curriculum, but supplemented it with a Book Club Plus curriculum that included peer-led discourse, collaborative efforts, and deeper construction of meaning with relatable texts. A teacher-and-researcher collaboration supplemented texts about the Great Migration by including students’ cultural and historical heritage. An examination of varying peer-led discussion group modes and reading logs revealed students reclaiming their voices as they mediated personal and cultural linkages with the literature. Recommendations are made for supporting teachers’ autonomy in engaging learners, and for teaching fewer selections, thereby promoting deeper reflection and student engagement, while fulfilling curriculum requirements.
Changes in Stress and Psychological Adjustment During the Transition to High School Among Freshmen in an Accelerated Curriculum
Authors: Suldo Shannon M. , Shaunessy-Dedrick Elizabeth
Published: September 2013

This study determined whether participation in an accelerated curriculum (specifically, the International Baccalaureate [IB] program) upon entry to high school is associated with increases in stress and/or associated with psychological problems. Data from self-report questionnaires were collected at two time points (summer after eighth grade, fall of ninth grade) from 134 freshmen entering three high schools. Results indicate that ninth-grade students in the IB program reported more perceived stress than students in general education, at levels higher than what was present before the students began high school. Despite this increase in stress, the psychological functioning (life satisfaction, psychopathology, and social anxiety) of IB students was statistically similar or superior to the mental health indicators reported by their peers in general education. The main effects of time, gender, and academic program are also discussed in the context of prior research on students’ adjustment during the transition to high school.
Venom: the sharp end of pain therapeutics
Authors: Trim Steven A , Trim Carol M
Published: September 2013

Adequate pain control is still a significant challenge and largely unmet medical need in the 21st century. With many small molecules failing to reach required levels of potency and selectivity, drug discovery is once again turning to nature to replenish pain therapeutic pipelines. Venomous animals are frequently stereotyped as inflictors of pain and distress and have historically been vilified by mankind. Yet, ironically, the very venoms that cause pain when directly injected by the host animal may actually turn out to contain the next generation of analgesics when injected by the clinician. The last 12 months have seen dramatic discoveries of analgesic tools within venoms. Spiders, snakes and even centipedes are yielding peptides with immense therapeutic potential. Significant advances are also taking place in delivery methods that can improve bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of these exciting natural resources. Turning proteinaceous venom into pharmaceutical liquid gold is the goal of venomics and the focus of this article.
Manuscripts, Textual Variants, and Bible Translators
Authors: Crisp Simon
Published: September 2013

Among the contributions of Theodore Skeat (1907–2003) to biblical studies are several interesting papers on individual textual variants in New Testament manuscripts. Skeat’s discussion of Matt 6.28, Mark 3.20, 7.3, 16.8, Phil 1.1, and 2 Tim 4.13 is reviewed from the perspective of the significance of these variants for Bible translators. The case of deuteroprōtos in Luke 6.1 is discussed in more detail, and the different possibilities for exegesis and translation are presented.
The Layout of the Song of Moses (Deut 32) in Masoretic Manuscripts and Biblia Hebraica Quinta
Authors: Lind Sarah
Published: September 2013

Illustrating with the Song of Moses, Dominique Barthélemy argued the importance, in the preparation of a critical edition, of distinguishing the work of the copyist from that of the Masorete in Masoretic manuscripts. This article reviews the argument and considers its application in the layout of the Song in Biblia Hebraica Quinta.
The King James New Testament: How a Translation Determined Christian Thought on Marriage and Celibacy for Nearly Four Hundred Years
Authors: Omanson Roger L.
Published: September 2013

Traditional translations of 1 Corinthians 7.1 suggest to the reader that the words “It is good for a man not to touch a woman” (KJV) are Paul’s words of advice to the Corinthians. Many recent translations, however, correctly indicate that Paul is here quoting words from a letter written to him from the Corinthians. The Greek words peri de (“now concerning”) here and in 8.1; 12.1; 16.1, and 16.12 introduce a new topic that has been raised in a letter from Corinth. The words translated “to touch” are a euphemism for “to have sexual relations.” The following translation in REB is recommended as a model for other languages: “Now for the matters you wrote about. You say, ‘It is a good thing for a man not to have intercourse with a woman.’”
Israelite or Universal Horizon: Zephaniah 3.8–10 in the Hebrew and Greek Bibles
Authors: Schenker Adrian
Published: September 2013

Zephaniah 3.8–10 is translated in current English Bibles in different ways. The translations either follow the Hebrew Masoretic text or the Greek or a mixture of both, or they introduce emendations, whether explicitly or without note. Unless translators understand this difficult textual situation they are at a loss how to translate. Emendations certainly should be avoided. The Masoretic text and the Old Greek have different meanings. These two meanings are explained and compared. The probable reason for the divergence is given, and the more original and the later text are determined. Thus translators are in a position to choose one of the two existing textual forms, not by guessing but by understanding.
Celebrating 400 Years of Ruyl’s Malay Translation of Matthew’s Gospel
Authors: Soesilo Daud
Published: September 2013

This paper offers the linguistic, historical, and ecclesiastical background surrounding the first Malay translation of Matthew’s Gospel prepared by the Dutch trader Albert C. Ruyl. It examines the characteristics of his translation, including his use of religious loanwords from Arabic, Portuguese, and Sanskrit, his coining of local terms to render biblical terms for new or foreign concepts, and his cultural adaptations of unknown biblical plants and animals for the sake of the intended readers.
The Impact of the KJV in Caribbean Bible Translation Work: An Exploratory Introduction
Authors: Winedt Marlon
Published: September 2013

The KJV has impacted the English-speaking world linguistically, culturally, and literarily. In the area of Bible translation, specifically in Creole languages in the Caribbean basin, the phenomenon arises where historical translations like the KJV become pseudo-originals, functioning as the standard for subsequent translation work in any vernacular, even non-English based Creoles. While the actual history of the KJV translation strongly supports autochthonous language and subsequent theological emancipation, the historical reality is that it has been used incorrectly to disavow such efforts, including the acceptance of other valid translation types.
Utility of Cryptococcal Antigen Screening and Evolution of Asymptomatic Cryptococcal Antigenemia among HIV-Infected Women Starting Antiretroviral Therapy in Thailand
Authors: Kwan Candice K. , Leelawiwat Wanna , Intalapaporn Poj , Anekthananon Thanomsak , Raengsakulrach Boonyos , Peters Philip J. , McNicholl Janet M. , Park Benjamin J. , McConnell Michelle S. , Weidle Paul J.
Published: September 2013

Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remains a significant HIV-associated opportunistic infection in Southeast Asia and Africa, with a high burden of disease and a high mortality rate despite the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We retrospectively examined the utility of cryptococcal antigen screening to identify risk for CM among 211 Thai women initiating ART. Antigenemia prevalence was 11% (n = 9) among 84 women with a CD4 count <100 cells/mm3. Screening identified all women who later developed CM. Cryptococcal antigen titers decreased over time with ART. Our study confirmed findings from previous studies in Thailand and South Africa and provided novel observational data regarding the course of cryptococcal antigenemia in patients initiating ART and the poor efficacy of low-dose fluconazole prophylaxis in preventing CM among patients with antigenemia.
A novel anti-CD37 antibody-drug conjugate with multiple anti-tumor mechanisms for the treatment of B-cell malignancies
Authors: Deckert Jutta , Park Peter U. , Chicklas Sharon , Yi Yong , Li Min , Lai Katharine C. , Mayo Michele F. , Carrigan Christina N. , Erickson Hans K. , Pinkas Jan , Lutz Robert J. , Chittenden Thomas , Lambert John M.
Published: September 2013

Key Points

An anti-CD37 antibody-drug conjugate can kill B-lymphoma cells via direct inhibition, effector function, and payload delivery. Targeting CD37 with an antibody-drug conjugate results in selective depletion of malignant human B cells.
Towards an understanding of PREMS and PROMS in COPD
Authors: Hodson Matthew , Andrew Sharon , Michael Roberts C.
Published: September 2013

Evaluation of healthcare is evolving, with the patient perspective increasingly sought to provide a more patient centred service. Self-report questionnaires are being used to gather information about patients' health-related quality of life; outcomes with, and experience of a treatment, and perceptions of the care delivered by the healthcare team. Patient satisfaction measures may be familiar to clinicians and researchers, as they are used routinely in many clinical settings. Patient satisfaction measures have a ceiling effect, masking the negative healthcare experience. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are measures that that provide a patient-centric view of healthcare. In this article, we aim to untangle for the reviewer, the distinctions between patient satisfaction, PROMs and PREMs measures with a focus on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and introduce work in progress around the development of a new PREM for COPD.
Choosing a ventilator for home mechanical ventilation
Authors: Gregoretti C. , Navalesi P. , Ghannadian S. , Carlucci A. , Pelosi P.
Published: September 2013

Educational aims

To discuss the basic principles of ventilator function

To help the reader to recognise the different features of a home care ventilator

To outline the advantages and drawbacks of the different home care ventilators

To provide some recommendations to facilitate the clinical management of patients on home care ventilator

Mechanical ventilation, applied either invasively through a tracheotomy tube or noninvasivelyviaa mask, is increasingly used for long-term management of many forms of severe chronic respiratory failure in the home setting. In recent years, the quality of the ventilators for long-term home mechanical ventilation has improved considerably and, concomitantly, the number of machines available has also increased. This broader range of commercially available machines is clearly an advantage; however, it makes the choice of the optimal device for a specific patient more difficult. The aim of the present article is to provide useful information to help and guide the choice of device for long-term mechanical ventilation in the home setting.