bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial respiration of a primary mixed culture of neurons from hippocampus at various stages of differentiation
Authors: Zelentsova Alexandra S. , Borisova Alina Yu. , Shmigerova Veronika S. , Skorkina Marina Yu. , Deykin Alexei V.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Primary mixed culture of neurons is often used to evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders. However, isolating cells from the brain is accompanied by profound changes in cell morphology, behavior, and metabolic rate due to enzymatic disintegration and microenvironmental changes in cells. In this regard, the mitochondrial basal respiration of neurons should be considered as an indicator of the formation of functional activity of the cell.
AIM: To evaluate mitochondrial respiration in a primary mixed culture of hippocampal neurons at various stages of differentiation.
METHODS: This study included mice of line CD-1 and was conducted in two series: the first studied the primary mixed embryonic culture on the 18th day of gestation (E18) and the second used the postnatal culture on the 2nd day after birth (P2). A Seahorse XF HS Mini (Agilent, USA) was used to measure the functional parameters of cell metabolism. The oxygen consumption rate was calculated based on the results of the mitochondrial respiration profile of the primary mixed culture built during its differentiation.
RESULTS: On the 5th day of neuronal differentiation in the culture, maximum mitochondrial respiration was established both in the hippocampal culture obtained from embryos on the 18th day of gestation and in the culture taken from mice on the 2nd day after birth. As cells differentiated in culture from days 2 to 11, the substrate oxidation rate increased almost twofold in the culture of hippocampal neurons obtained from embryos, which increased the metabolic potential.
CONCLUSION: The study results prove that the hippocampus can be used to study the role of mitochondria in neurogenesis.
Qualification of digital twins for predicting failure in welded structures
Authors: Edwards Graham R
Published: January 2024

Significant cost savings in Asset Integrity Management (AIM) are achieved by replacing condition-based with predictive-based maintenance strategies. However, this requires the gathering and analysis of huge amounts of real-time data from Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) sensors and
periodic Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). This presents a problem that lends itself to Digital Twin (DT) Technology. In the case of process plant, DT technology has already been implemented using “Big-pipe” data from Condition Monitoring (CM) sensors to predict failures in pumps,
compressors and other machinery on a company-wide scale. In the case of welded structures however, for example pressure vessels, pipelines and storage tanks, implementation of DT technology is hampered by a lack of confidence in the use of “Smallpipe” data from periodic NDT and
continuous SHM. In “Big-pipe” data, data streams are very rapid flowing, with information directly available from the data. In “Small-pipe” data, data streams are very slow, accumulated over long periods of time and require careful interpretation to provide information
for Engineering Critical Analysis (ECA) that is essential for predicting failure in the asset. This presentation will describe TWI’s approach to developing a DT for predicting failure in welded structures.
Non-linear fusion of dual-energy projections for XCT imaging of challenging components
Authors: Helps O.R. , Clarke A.L. , Nicholson P.I. , Burnett T.L. , Withers P.J.
Published: January 2024

The imaging of multi-material components having large changes in attenuation behaviour is widely regarded as a limitation of X-ray computed tomographic techniques. The use of Dual Energy X-ray Computed Tomography (DECT) is common in the field of medical imaging, providing many benefits
to imaging and characterisation. However, multienergy methods such as DECT remain underutilised in the industrial sector. In this work, a novel measurement based multi-energy image fusion approach was evaluated using two radiographic image stacks acquired under two distinct polychromatic spectra;
this fusion was then compared to the results of the individual high and low-energy datasets as well as their average. The implemented approach was tested using a Titanium (Ti) and Carbon Fibre reinforced Polymer (CFRP) double-step lap joint to evaluate performance. Results indicated improvements
to contrast in Dual Energy fused radiographs, aiding the interrogation of complex components in 2D. The translation of these benefits into the Reconstructed CT volume showed promise for isolated material regions. It was established that careful parameter selection was needed to achieve optimum
fusion results, as it was found that failure to do so, resulted in contrast suppression in regions of mixed materials. The process proposed here acts as a first foundational step into the fusion of multi-energy industrial X-ray computed tomography (XCT) datasets using standard XCT equipment.
Further work will aim at refining and comparing it to other projection weighting functions and measures.
Compensation of apparent strain data due to temperature gradients in a full-scale static test of a composite tidal turbine blade
Authors: Castellano Sara , Valdivia Camacho Miguel A , Munko Marek J , Cuthill Fergus , Lopez Dubon Sergio
Published: January 2024

Composite blades play a crucial role in a tidal turbine’s performance, and rigorous testing is required for certification before mass production. This study proposes a methodology for compensating strain measurements affected by temperature gradients using multivariate statistical
regressions. This research utilises data analysis and signal processing techniques on strain and temperature datasets obtained from full-scale blade tests at FastBlade, the world???s first regenerative fatigue testing facility for tidal turbine blades. The multivariate regression model contains
derived coefficients that separate temperature-induced strains from mechanical strains based on strain gauges coupled to their nearest thermocouples available. The linear model’s performance is assessed against static test datasets with different temperature conditions and scenarios.
The proposed compensation method accurately isolated mechanical strains from high-temperature fluctuations from different sources acting on a large structure, enhancing the reliability of full-scale onshore tidal turbine blade testing.
Earthquake Rupture Forecast Model Construction for the 2023 U.S. 50-State National Seismic Hazard Model Update: Central and Eastern U.S. Fault-Based Source Model
Authors: Shumway Allison M. , Petersen Mark D. , Powers Peter M. , Toro Gabriel , Altekruse Jason M. , Herrick Julie A. , Rukstales Kenneth S. , Thompson Jobe Jessica A. , Hatem Alexandra E. , Girot Demi L.
Published: January 2024

As part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 2023 50-State National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM), we make modest revisions and additions to the central and eastern U.S. (CEUS) fault-based seismic source model that result in locally substantial hazard changes. The CEUS fault-based source model was last updated as part of the 2014 NSHM and considered new information from the Seismic Source Characterization for Nuclear Facilities (CEUS-SSCn) Project. Since then, new geologic investigations have led to revised fault and fault-zone inputs, and the release of databases of fault-based sources in the CEUS. We have reviewed these databases and made minor revisions to six of the current fault-based sources in the NSHM, as well as added five new fault-based sources. Implementation of these sources follows the current NSHM methodology for CEUS fault-based sources, as well as the incorporation of a new magnitude–area relationship and updated maximum magnitude and recurrence rate estimates following the methods used by the CEUS-SSCn Project. Seismic hazard sensitivity calculations show some substantial local changes in hazard (−0.4g to 1.1g) due to some of these revisions and additions, especially from the addition of the central Virginia, Joiner ridge, and Saline River sources and revisions made to the Meers and New Madrid sources.
ÜST DÜZEY YÖNETİCİ VE UZMAN HEKİMLERİN ŞEHİR HASTANELERİNE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: SAYLAN Büşra , ÇINAROĞLU Songül
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada Elazığ Fethi Sekin Şehir Hastanesi’nde görev yapmakta olan üst düzey yönetici ve uzman hekimlerin şehir hastanelerine yönelik tutumlarının meslek gruplarına ve uzmanlık alanlarına göre karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında, ilgili şehir hastanesinde görev yapan 11 üst düzey yönetici ve 185 uzman hekimden oluşan toplam 196 sağlık profesyoneline yüz yüze anket uygulanmıştır. Üst düzey yönetici ve uzman hekimlerin şehir hastanelerine yönelik değerlendirmeleri sağlık bakım kalitesi ve etkinliği, bakım bileşenlerinin koordinasyonu, disiplinlerarası bakım ekipleri ve sağlık hizmetlerinin entegrasyonu boyutları itibariyle incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre şehir hastanelerinin sağlık sektörü için uygunluğuna yönelik değerlendirmelerde üst düzey yöneticilerin (%100) uzman hekimlere (%84,3) kıyasla daha olumlu bir görüşe sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Uzman hekimlerin uzmanlık alanlarına göre şehir hastanelerine yönelik genel değerlendirmeleri (X2=47,76; p
The effect of dual antiplatelet therapy for improvement of extracranial and intracranial artery stenosis evaluated by digital subtraction angiography
Authors: Usman Fritz S. , Sinaga Rony Parlindungan , Dewi Karina , Nilamsari  , Rasyid Daril Al , Kastilong Merlin P.
Published: January 2024

Background: Stroke involving extracranial carotid (ECAS), vertebral (EVAS), and intracranial arteries (IAS) contributed to an annual stroke rate of 0.1-3.3%. Even though endarterectomy and/or angioplasty and stenting had revolutionized its’ management, best medical treatment (BMT) is still the mainstay of therapy to prevent secondary stroke/transient ischemic attack. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of BMT to reduce the degree of stenosis by using six-months double antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a secondary private hospital in Indonesia, in January-December 2022. Adults ≥18 years old with ECAS, EVAS, or IAS detected using digital subtraction angiography (DSA), receiving DAPT for at least six months, and those who had second DSA evaluation were included. Any subjects with other brain pathologies or recorded incompliance to DAPT were excluded. Age, gender, stenosis degree, stenosis location, and conversion of stenosis degree were recorded and compared between pre-DAPT and post-DAPT group.
Results: Of 30 subjects, there were insignificant changes (46.5±24.3% to 50.8±22.9%, p=0.09) of ECAS, EVAS, and IAS. There were 14 cases with constant stenosis (51.4±17.5%), 8 cases with decreasing stenosis (46.9±28.2% to 40.1±32.8%, p=0.012), and 12 cases with increasing stenosis (40.4±29.9% to 57.1±21.0%, p=0.002). No significant association were found among those groups related to traditional vascular risk factors.
Conclusions: There was no difference in respect to the degree of stenosis following six months of DAPT in either ECAS, EVAS, or IAS. Routine evaluation as well as recognizing features of high-risk stroke/TIA are important to help decide individual who may be candidates of endovascular procedures earlier.
Correlation between timing of surgery and post-operative outcome in traumatic acute subdural hematoma
Authors: Huda M. Shamsul , Sarker Asit Chandra , Siddica Ayesha
Published: January 2024

Background: The timing of surgery in acute subdural hematoma affects post-operative outcomes and is a modifiable factor, along with other variables, impacting patient prognosis following surgical intervention.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at department of neurosurgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from March 2020 to August 2021. Total 64 patients were included in this study. Data were collected by using preformed data collection sheet. Timing of surgery of all patients documented. Outcome was measured according to the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at discharge and at one month following surgery. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS (version 25). To determine correlation, Spearman’s correlation coefficient test was done. Result was considered significant when p value <0.05.
Results: Most of the patients were adult with mean age 48.3±10.6 years. Male were predominant (76%). Majority of cases (67%) were operated within 4-24 hours of injury. Overall mortality was 32.8% and favorable outcome (GOS 4, 5) was 39%. The time from injury to operative evacuation of the acute subdural hematoma in regards of outcome, such as morbidity and mortality, had statistically significant negative correlation. Significant negative correlation was also found between timing of surgery and post-operative Glasgow coma scale.
Conclusions: Significant negative correlation was found in terms of GOS with timing of surgery, which had potential influence on post-operative GCS of patients of ASDH who were operated. It was seemed that early surgery may improve post- operative GCS and GOS.
Robinson’s cytological grading of breast carcinoma: it’s prognostic implications and correlation with bloom Richardson’s histological grading of breast cancer
Authors: Jivani Toral , Bhatt Maitri , Shukla Ashwini , Godhani Suchi
Published: January 2024

Background: Cytological grading on aspirates of breast carcinoma is a useful tool for surgical maneuver and prognosis. The aim of the study is to find out the utility of grading in malignant breast tumors using Robinson’s cytological grading on FNAC and correlating it with modified bloom-Richardson’s histopathological grading of breast carcinoma along with lymph node status assessment post-operatively by histopathological examination.
Methods: This prospective study was carried out in 40 cases of invasive duct carcinoma of breast for a period of one and half year duration from December-2019 to July-2021. This study was done in department of pathology, Surat municipal institute of medical education and research (SMIMER), Surat. In all these cases the cytological diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination. All cases were graded by using Robinson’s grading system. All these cases were also correlate with bloom Richardson’s grading system on histopathology in mastectomy specimen.
Result: Robinson’s cytological grading correlated well with bloom Richardson’s histopathological grading. In this study of forty cases, thirty-three cases (82.5%) show concordance between cytologic and histologic grading system. Rest of the seven cases (17.5%) show discrepancy.
Conclusions: Thus, In the most of the cases, cytological grading of breast carcinomas correlate with histopathological grading and may be useful as a prognostic marker. It was concluded that the cytological grading should be included in all FNAC reports. So that appropriate decision regarding the preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be made and overtreatment of low-grade cancers has been avoided.
Outcomes of Whipple procedure/pancreaticoduodenectomy- an eighteen-year experience at a tertiary cancer care centre in south India
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , R. R. Pravenkumar
Published: January 2024

Background: Early postoperative mortality rates after pancreaticoduodenectomy are in the range of 2-5%. Nonetheless, morbidity rates are still at 30-50% calling for apt strategies. The goal of this study was to examine the outcomes in terms of postoperative morbidity and 30-day mortality while additionally reviewing the demographic, clinical and pathological features of patients undergoing Whipple procedure at our government institution and comparing the outcomes with literature.
Methods: Data about demographic characteristics, intraoperative findings, postoperative histopathology, postoperative course, early post-operative outcomes, complications, and causes of postoperative death in patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary and pancreatic carcinoma between September 2006-August 2023 were collected and analysed.
Results: 45 patients were analysed. Mortality rate was 15.6%. Seven patients died perioperatively; three from cardiac cause (myocardial infarction), two from bile leak and sepsis, one from pulmonary embolism, and one as a result of postoperative hemorrhage. The morbidity rate was 54%. The most common early postoperative complication was delayed gastric emptying (31%) followed by postoperative pancreatic fistula (22%).  The median overall survival of 39 patients was 21±6.5 months. The 5-year survival was 17 months.
Conclusions: Considering the fact that postoperative morbidity after Whipple procedure was similar to other centres, but the mortality rate being high, better knowledge about salvage techniques, improvements in perioperative care, use of interventional radiology, and running quality improvement projects to standardize postoperative recovery protocol could help in reducing the mortality and improve the outcome.
Successful endovascular reconstruction of symptomatic vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia using multiple Leo stents and nondominant vertebral artery occlusion: a case report
Authors: Soetanto Gamaliel Wibowo , Ganiem Ahmad Rizal , Adam Achmad , Lilikwatil Pieter Melchias Jacob , Usman Fritz Sumantri
Published: January 2024

Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a rare vascular anomaly of increased diameter, length, and tortuosity of vertebral and/or basilar artery, but debilitating due to its risk of ischemia, hemorrhage, and nerve or brain compression. The management is also controversial due to various possible clinical manifestation and outcome. This study aimed to describe a combined approach of multiple scaffolding Leo stents and nondominant vertebral artery occlusion as a definitive approach to reconstruct vertebrobasilar arteries. A 40-year old male presented with severe headache and reduced consciousness, which was explained with brain CT findings of subarachnoid hemorrhage and hydrocephalus. Further etiologic approach until digital subtraction angiography revealed VBD. An endovascular reconstruction approach was considered one month following the event onset using multiple scaffolding Leo stents from left vertebral to basilar artery with right vertebral artery occlusion. This stent had the best radial strength, lowest bending stiffness, highest kink resistance, highest bending wall coverage, and lowest cell size, which provided strong vascular reconstruction properties. Combined nondominant vertebral artery occlusion was also performed to avoid the disturbance of flow-diverting pathway by the stents. Double antiplatelet was administered from three weeks following the event onset afterwards. The patient’s condition improved at three-month follow-up. This case report presented that combined multiple Leo stents and nondominant vertebral artery occlusion may be considered as an approach to successful endovascular reconstruction for symptomatic VBD.
Isaacs’ syndrome-possible etiopathogenesis and clinical aspects: a case report
Authors: Liyanage L. R. Sathisha Deshan , Patel Grishma Rajendrakumar , Sergeevna Malevskaya Alexandra
Published: January 2024

Isaacs’ syndrome (IS) is a rare condition which is characterized by peripheral nerve hyperexcitability which is due to continuous motor activity. The exact etiology for this condition is unknown yet there are several etiopathologies like autoimmune, genetic, or hereditary which can be an etiology for the IS. In our case report the likely etiology is autoimmune. Its clinical feature includes fasciculation, myokymia, and hyperhidrosis. To confirm the diagnosis mostly imaging methods of examination are performed like MRI, ultrasound, and EMG. In our patient MRI and EMG examination was performed. There are no particular therapeutic treatments that can help in this condition only symptomatic treatment can be delivered. Plasma exchange has a promising outcome for a momentary. In our case report, we propose the possible etiology of the condition.
Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated optic neuritis: a case report
Authors: Gowda Medhini H. , Patel Rithesh , Anwitha G. Sri Sai
Published: January 2024

The role of myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in central nervous system (CNS) myelin and its association with optic neuritis. It emphasizes the importance of early detection and suitable diagnostic investigations for optic neuritis, a condition often linked to multiple sclerosis. A 65-year-old female with MOG-positive CNS demyelination, optic neuritis, and underlying conditions such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patient's clinical examination, diagnostic test results, and imaging findings are presented, including fundoscopy, 2D Echo, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine. The treatment chart outlines medications administered to the patient. It delves into challenges in identifying optic neuritis, emphasizing the significance of clinical-MRI phenotypes associated with MOG-associated disorders (MOGAD) and reliable laboratory assays for detecting MOG-IgG. It highlights the need for caution in interpreting positive MOG-IgG results and underscores the importance of follow-up for individuals with MOG-IgG seropositivity. The article also discusses various aspects of optic neuritis, including visual field impairments and retinal changes associated with anti-MOG antibodies. It emphasizes the importance of timely and accurate identification of MOGAD through anti-MOG antibody detection. It calls for standardized diagnostic criteria and the refinement of models to enhance understanding and therapeutic approaches for MOGAD. Overall, the article provides insights into the diagnosis, management, and challenges associated with MOG-related disorders.
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated vasculitis with interstitial lung disease: a case report
Authors: Taneja Vinus , Khosla Pooja , Dessai Rishikesh
Published: January 2024

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis is a necrotizing vasculitis that primarily affect small blood vessels of the airway and kidneys. The major clinicopathologic feature include microscopic polyangiitis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis. There are several studies done that have shown the association of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and ANCA vasculitis. Majority of the studies showed that the prognosis was bad in patients with AAV and ILD, then those without it, and patients with pulmonary fibrosis and ANCA had as low a prognosis as patients with IPF without ANCA. We hereby report a case of a female patient in her 70s who was been treated as a case of infection at different hospital, only to be diagnosed later as ANCA associated vasculitis with interstitial lung disease. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme is one of the key enzymes involved in the metabolism of folate.
Management of idiopathic chylous peritonitis during laparoscopy: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Van Grinsven Vincent , Konsten Joop , Aarts Frits
Published: January 2024

Chylous ascites is rare. Etiology can be traumatic, atraumatic or idiopathic. We present a case of idiopathic peritonitis managed by laparoscopic drainage and a medium-chain triglyceride diet. We present a case of a 60-year-old white female who presented to the emergency department with diffused abdominal pain, migrated from the back, and clinical signs of peritonitis. Blood works showed high leukocytosis, and computed tomography showed a large amount of intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal fluid. During an emergency laparoscopy, a chylous ascites was seen and drained, but a causing factor was not identified intraoperatively. Postoperatively, medium-chain triglyceride diet was initiated for a period of 6 weeks, cytological, microbiological and chemical analysis showed elevated levels of triglycerides in absence of other disease. Multiple diagnostic tests revealed no malignancy nor another underlying pathological processes. patient recovered well with no complications. When confronted with chylous ascites, surgeons should drain the abdomen and do thorough evaluation. When no cause is found intraoperatively, surgeons should not take aggressive measures but instead initiate a medium-chain triglyceride diet and search for underlying causes by means of further laboratory testing and positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET-CT). When no etiology is found, medium-chain triglyceride diet can be stopped with no reports of recurrence.
An evidence-based approach to physical conditioning in American recruit law enforcement academies
Authors: Melton Bridget F. , Nagel Thomas , Landham Sarah , Anglin Derick , Ryan Gregory
Published: January 2024

Background: Law enforcement physical fitness training is not standardized in the United States; instead, it relies heavily on training officers or other LEOs with an interest or background in exercise.  The aim of the study was to evaluate performance outcomes between a traditionally designed physical conditioning program and an evidence-based conditioning program for law enforcement cadets.
Methods: Two metropolitan state law enforcement training centers in the southeast United States volunteered to participate in this investigation. Each academic program lasted 12 weeks and consisted of 5 days/week of physical training. The experimental group (n=46) was provided with an evidence-based physical conditioning program consisting of anaerobic and aerobic conditioning, agility, power, movement quality, defensive tactics, and muscular endurance.  
Results: The control group participants (n=18) were assigned to a traditional instructor-led physical training program consisting of calisthenics and running. Of the 14 fitness variables measured, the intervention group displayed significant improvements in ten variables, whereas the control group significantly improved six.
Conclusions: The results of this study encourage law enforcement departments to make provisions for modifications to enhance traditional cadet physical training programs, with consultation from strength and conditioning subject matter experts.
Cognitive hallmarks of insomnia and its influence on cardiac response to handgrip test among medical students
Authors: Agbaraolorunpo Francis M. , Ogunyemi Adedoyin , Ogunlunsi Kehinde , Jimoh Wale
Published: January 2024

Background: Sleep disturbance, particularly insomnia, is increasingly prevalent among university students, and is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease in general population. The study investigated predictors of insomnia and its impact on cardiovascular responsiveness among undergraduates at the University of Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 514 students categorized into normal or insomnia groups based on their insomnia severity index (ISI) scores. The association between insomnia and various factors related to poor sleep was assessed. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) responses to a handgrip test at 30% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) were compared between the two groups (n=27) using t-tests.
Results: Predictors of insomnia among students included environmental discomfort, engagement in digital activities, emotional and health challenges, use of sleep suppressants, and academic stress, all significantly associated with insomnia (p<0.001). Other factors associated with insomnia included low mood, attention deficit, memory loss, and poor academic performance (p<0.01). Average SBP and DBP were significantly higher (p<0.05) in control group compared with insomnia group.
Conclusions: Low mood, attention deficit, memory loss and poor academic performance are hallmarks of insomnia among medical students, with no potential cardiovascular risk.
Exploring the impact of early-term labor induction on cesarean section risk in gestational diabetes mellitus: insights from a tertiary care hospital study in Pakistan
Authors: Aziz Anum , Shamsul Islam Zaheena , Raza Amir , Karim Naila
Published: January 2024

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common endocrine disorder in pregnancy. It is associated with significant perinatal morbidity and mortality, therefore, an early-term delivery by routine induction of labor is proposed by some societies, to prevent/reduce these complications.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 1st January 2019 and 30th June 2020 at Aga Khan University Hospital, Pakistan to compare the pregnancy outcomes of patients with GDM when induced at 37, 38, and 39 weeks in comparison to women with GDM managed expectantly. The study included all women with singleton pregnancy and vertex presentation. Women induced after 41 weeks, previous cesarean delivery, placenta previa, major fetal anomalies, chronic maternal medical conditions that necessitate delivery, and those women presenting with spontaneous onset of labor were excluded. Data was analyzed in SPSS v.19.
Results: A total of 293 women were included. The mean age of women was 27 years, and the mean BMI was 27.8 kg/m2. We found that women who were induced at earlier gestational weeks were managed with a combination of diet and pharmacological therapy in comparison to those induced at later gestational weeks and achieved glycemic control with diet and lifestyle modifications only. Around 77% of women required pharmacological therapy. The mode of delivery was not significantly different for women induced at different gestational weeks after 37 completed weeks. For neonatal outcomes, the birth weight was significantly greater for women induced at later gestational weeks.
Conclusions: In women with gestational diabetes induced after 37 weeks at various gestational weeks, the mode of delivery is not significantly different.
A cross-sectional study of breastfeeding device use and its determinants in mothers attending immunization outpatient department of an urban health training centre attached to a teaching medical institute
Authors: Wanjare Amit A. , Pol Sujata S. , Bansode-Gokhe Seema S.
Published: January 2024

Background: Breastfeeding as a practice was recommended by World Health Organization. Breastfeeding devices are used to feed the expressed breastmilk to infants, it is one determinant which is linked with both favourable and unfavourable outcomes in exclusive breastfeeding practices among term and pre-term infants.
Methods: This was a cross sectional, observational study carried at an urban health training centre. The study subjects were mother and their infants residing in the urban slum. Objectives of the research were to determine the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding, to find various breastfeeding devices used by mothers and the factors associated with it. A total of 230 mother-infant dyads were included in the study.
Results: Majority of mothers belonged to 21-30-year age group, housewives (93%) and Hindu by religion (68%). Majority received education till secondary school (57%) and 3.5% were illiterate. Majority had their first child before they turned 30 and most of the infants were female (55%). Over 3/4th of the infants were being exclusively breastfed, initiated on breastfeeding within first hour of birth (41%) and 1/5th received pre-lacteal feed, Breastfeeding device use was noted in 15 participants (6.5%), in which majority were using spoon followed by bottle. Mothers using breastfeeding devices showed higher proportion of exclusive breastfeeding.
Conclusions: Use of breastfeeding device showed association with mother’s occupation, lower age of mother at the time of marriage and first delivery while religion and parity of mothers were not significantly associated with it.
Knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS and its prevention among high school students of Anantnag district, Jammu and Kashmir, India: a pre-experimental study
Authors: Reyaz Munaza , Shil Rahul
Published: January 2024

Background: India has become one of the most populous country in the world, and it would be a disaster if our adolescent children fell into the trap of HIV/AIDS, which not only disrupts the healthcare system of any country but also has an impact on the morals of the people. Therefore, the main aim of the study was to understand the knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS and its prevention among high school children.
Methods: This was a pre-experimental study in which 60 high school students participated. The knowledge was assessed using demographic characteristics and 30-item knowledge questionnaires. SPSS V16.0 was used for the data analysis. Paired t-test, descriptive statistics, and chi-square analysis were used to check the association.
Results: In the study, the majority of the participants, 46 (76.66%), had inadequate knowledge, and only 14 (23.33%) had moderate knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS. The paired “t”-test value was 54.63 at the level of p<0.0001, which was significant. We also found multiple associations between gender, qualification of the mother, occupation of the mother, qualification of the father, occupation of the father, type of family, and source of information.
Conclusions: It was observed that there was relatively less knowledge among high school students regarding HIV/AIDS and its prevention. However, after the teaching program, the knowledge improved. Therefore, a multi-dimensional approach should be taken by the school authority to create awareness campaigns for the students.
Scabies treated with individualised homoeopathic medicine - a case study
Authors: Surekha T. , Sneha Y. Lavanya , Neeraja L.
Published: January 2024

The microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabiei is the source of the contagious skin condition known as scabies. The mites cause severe itching by burrowing into the skin's outermost layer, where they deposit their eggs and cause an allergic reaction. Red, elevated rashes and tiny, thread-like burrow lines are typical signs. Scabies is contagious through close personal contact and is frequently linked to living in cramped quarters. To eradicate the mites and their eggs, treatment usually entails applying topical treatments and thoroughly cleaning one's living area and personal possessions to avoid reinfestation. To effectively manage and limit the spread of scabies, early detection and immediate management are essential. By targeting the patient's general health and immune system, homeopathy provides a comprehensive approach to treating scabies with the goal of symptom relief and long-term wellbeing. Homoeopathy treats the person as a whole. Some of the well proven homoeopathic remedies which work wonders against scabies are Sulphur, Merc sol, Kali sulphuricum, Causticum, Psorinum, and Arscenicum album.
Ensuring global health: a comprehensive review of vaccine regulation with a focus on the Indian perspective
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Darshan Mukesh , Islam Farzana
Published: January 2024

The regulation of vaccines is crucial for ensuring public health and safety. A global perspective on vaccine regulation, with focus on the Indian approach in vaccine regulation, was analysed. The historical evolution of vaccine regulation, highlights significant events that shaped regulatory systems. The role of National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) in ensuring the safety, efficacy, and quality of vaccines is discussed, along with the pivotal role of the WHO through its prequalification program. The stages of the regulatory review process, including pre-licensure review and post-licensure surveillance, are outlined. The Indian perspective is examined, with a focus on the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) as the primary regulatory authority. The rigorous vaccine approval process, emergency use authorization, vaccine distribution, and administration, as well as post-marketing surveillance, are discussed. The Indian government's participation in international collaborations and emphasis on indigenous vaccine development are highlighted. This comprehensive review highlights the importance of vaccine regulation and the efforts undertaken by the Indian government to ensure the safety, efficacy, and accessibility of vaccines.
Vaccine hesitancy amongst the tribal population of India: a comparative scenario between COVID-19 vaccination and routine immunization
Authors: Barman Satabdi , Sharma Prachi , Srivastava Alok
Published: January 2024

Vaccine hesitancy plays a crucial role in slowing down the efforts towards achieving an immunized and healthy society, particularly, children and women. VH is very conspicuous among the economically marginalized tribal and indigenous population. Previous research papers have not presented a comparative scenario between VH for RI and COVID-19 and have not discussed in detail different reasons behind VH from the gender perspective among tribal population. The key research question for this systematic review is whether the vaccine hesitancy for routine child vaccination among the tribal population will reduce or escalate or show no change after COVID-19 vaccination drive. This paper using Google Scholar database identified the research paper and reports, published between 2013 and 2023, and synthesized the factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy among the tribal population. While hesitancy due to reasons such as the safety and trust concerns, related to vaccines and the government; strong dependency on natural remedies; decision making dominated by social and cultural norms prevailing since ages; emerged as the key resistant in case of routine immunization among the tribal population, these were observed to be similar, to a large extent, in case of COVID-19, as well, in spite of two different age groups being the target of the vaccination drive. The paper identified key enablers and barriers of vaccine acceptance, which will be insightful for policy makers, healthcare agencies and professionals working to eliminate VH among tribal and indigenous population.
¿Cómo aprovechar la inversión en infraestructura para la creación de empleo de calidad y desarrollo de habilidades para el trabajo?: acercando la infraestructura a las personas
Authors: Abad Julieta , Anauati María Victoria , López Mariano , Montes Laureen , Rucci Graciana
Published: January 2024

El sector infraestructura ha sido clave para mejorar la productividad y reducir la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe. Generar y promover empleos de calidad en este sector parece ser una fórmula efectiva para que cada vez más personas accedan al mercado del trabajo y progresen laboralmente. Sin embargo, tal como sucede con el resto de los sectores productivos, infraestructura no ha sido inmune al reto de encontrar mano de obra con las habilidades que demanda el mercado laboral. El desafío para los hacedores de políticas en los países de la región pasa por implementar mecanismos que identifiquen y anticipen mejor las necesidades de recursos humanos, permitan una mejor planeación estratégica, y contribuyan a maximizar los beneficios de oportunidades de inclusión laboral que se derivan del desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías y de los procesos de transición energética, entre otras. A partir de la experiencia de dos proyectos de infraestructura vial en Argentina, este documento propone una herramienta para cuantificar y caracterizar el empleo directo, indirecto e inducido de las inversiones, y ofrece sugerencias para aprovechar mejor las oportunidades vinculadas a la generación de empleo de calidad y la anticipación de habilidades en un sector clave. Por último, se plantean recomendaciones orientadas a potenciar la convergencia entre las inversiones de infraestructura, las habilidades de los trabajadores y las demandas laborales de un sector relevante en el producto y empleo de los países de la región.
Alfabetización académica y socialización de la lectura mediante videorreseñas en la formación de docentes
Authors: Martí-Climent Alícia , Reig Aina , Rodríguez-Gonzalo Carmen
Published: January 2024

La alfabetización académica de los estudiantes universitarios es un largo camino que requiere de intervenciones didácticas en las distintas disciplinas. Este estudio plantea la creación de comunidades discursivas de socialización de la lectura académica entre iguales mediante la realización de videorreseñas. La intervención se realizó durante cuatro cursos académicos (entre 2017 y 2021) con estudiantes del Grado de Maestro/a de Educación Primaria (373) y del Máster de Profesorado de Secundaria (118) de la Universitat de València. El análisis de las videorreseñas se centra en la posición del lector (en nuestro caso, el futuro docente) como mediador. Tras la revisión de diferentes propuestas de análisis de este género audiovisual y la visualización del corpus (416 videorreseñas), se delimitaron cuatro categorías de análisis: selección de contenidos, criterios de recomendación, presentación de la lectura y de su autor y construcción del discurso. El análisis cualitativo realizado permitió diferenciar dos grandes tipos: videorreseñas reproductivas y críticas, caracterizadas en este trabajo. Los resultados muestran dos elementos clave: la apropiación de la situación retórica creada por el género de la videorreseña y la experiencia lectora. La adopción de una visión crítica no solo requiere de profundidad en el conocimiento disciplinar, sino que obliga a desarrollar recursos lingüísticos más complejos.
Reading skills in children with Irlen Syndrome
Authors: Tacuri-Reino David , Elosúa María R. , Bernal Marcelo
Published: January 2024

Visual perceptual distortions and physical discomfort that cause difficulties in reading are some of the characteristics of Irlen syndrome. This study examined if students with Irlen syndrome, assessed with different reading tasks, present differences in reading skills when compared to those without the condition. Participants were 110 fourth and fifth graders (mean age = 8.6 years), 55 with Irlen syndrome (ISG group) and 55 without the syndrome (control group). Researchers applied the Irlen Reading Perceptual Scale to evaluate the Irlen Syndrome and the PROLEC-R Test to assess reading processes. The results showed significant group differences in Word Reading, Pseudoword Reading, Punctuation Marks, Sentence, and Text Comprehension. Oral comprehension in the auditory modality was not significantly different, which would support the idea that Irlen syndrome seems to be related to visual sensory processes. In conclusion, participants with Irlen syndrome presented impaired reading processes that might affect overall visual comprehension but not oral reading comprehension.
Didáctica de la competencia literaria en Educación Primaria
Authors: Permach Martin Nerea , Alvarez-Uria Amaia , Etxaniz Xabier
Published: January 2024

En el siguiente estudio se analiza el modo en el que se desarrolla la competencia literaria en la etapa de Educación Primaria en las escuelas tanto de la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca como de la Comunidad Foral de Navarra. Además, se analizan las diferencias entre los centros según su titularidad, territorio y ciclo formativo. Por último, se identifica hasta qué punto ciertos aspectos personales del profesorado inciden en su práctica docente. En el estudio participaron un total de 553 docentes de 55 centros educativos. De este análisis cuantitativo y descriptivo se extrae la conclusión general de que en la mayoría de los centros no se siguen los criterios y propuestas didácticas definidas por la literatura científica, así como que no existen diferencias significativas entre territorios o entre los diferentes centros educativos según su titularidad. Por otro lado, se confirma que a medida que avanza la etapa, la educación literaria va perdiendo espacio en la práctica docente, con resultados preocupantes en el tercer ciclo. Así mismo, se confirma la correlación positiva entre las dimensiones de la competencia literaria analizadas, contribuyendo a la posibilidad de orientar procesos.
Los premios como configuradores de un canon literario infantil y juvenil
Authors: Gómez-Díaz Raquel , García-Rodríguez Araceli
Published: January 2024

La constitución de un canon literario es una tarea complicada y controvertida por la multitud de factores que hay que considerar. Partiendo de la idea de que los premios literarios pueden ser uno de esos elementos, en el artículo se hace una propuesta de canon de literatura infantil y juvenil basada en el número de premios recibidos en España en los primeros veinte años del siglo XXI. Para su elaboración se seleccionó una muestra de setenta y un títulos que habían obtenido dos o más premios de entre un total de 1.315 obras premiadas. Se estudió el prestigio y solidez de los premios, lenguas de edición, género, temática, niveles lectores de las obras y sus autores. La propuesta final está formada por dieciocho títulos que responden a los más premiados y recomendados por instituciones nacionales e internacionales y revistas especializadas. Se llega a la conclusión de que dicho canon se caracteriza por estar dirigido a un público juvenil, centrado en novelas de carácter realista y de misterio, en el que están representadas todas las lenguas oficiales del Estado.
Encapsulado de miel melipona (Scaptotrigona mexicana) incorporado a un producto de confitería
Authors: Lazcano-Hernández Martin , Navarro-Cruz Addi Rhode , Verá-López Obdulia , Sánchez Raúl Ávila Sosa , Badillo Orietta Segura , Gracia-Hernández Zared , Maracaja Patricio Borges , Pereira Daniel Santiago
Published: January 2024

Miel de melipona se encuentra diferenciada por tener alta humedad y acidez, se usa curativamente para problemas oculares, llagas, manchas en la piel, dolores menstruales, afecciones respiratorias y asma. Especies de Melipona beecheii típicas de Yucatán, así como la especie Scaptotrigona mexicana conocida en comunidades de la Sierra Poblana tienen características químicas similares. En esta investigación se obtendrá una gomita de menta y eucalipto con miel Meliponini, estandarizando la composición de la materia prima (MP) así como el proceso. En MP y gomita se determina análisis fisicoquímico y microbiológico, sensorial solo para producto terminado, previo encapsulado de la miel teniendo como material de soporte la gomita. La MP presenta una humedad del 26%; 72° Brix, CE=0,5 mS/cm; pH=2.7, Pfund=87, Acidez libre=20meq/Kg, Glucosa= 2 g/Kg, Hidroximetilfurfural (HMF)=1.3 mg/Kg. Microbiológicamente para BMA, hongos y levaduras, los coliformes totales no presentan riesgo con resultados por debajo de 10 UFC/g la MP, así como la gomita. Sensorialmente solo presenta diferencias significativas en firmeza (gomita de eucalipto), sabor (gomita miel) al comparar las formulaciones encapsuladas, siendo la más aceptada la gomita con encapsulado de miel melipona. Al comparar parámetros en la gomita mejor evaluada se observa disminución de ceniza, grados brix, conductividad eléctrica, HMF indica que el proceso utilizado no afecta la miel melipona. La gominola encapsulada con miel de melipona es un medio factible de ser utilizado como producto en el mercado.
Transgredir: Prácticas alternativas en la producción de equipamientos culturales
Authors: Sánchez Arias José Andrés , Martínez Motta Andrés Felipe
Published: January 2024

This article delves into a study subject, the creation of a community space, aimed at enhancing memory and fostering community cohesion in the context of self-built habitat. With a transgressive approach, rooted in the peripheral production of knowledge, the design process diverges from the globally hegemonic architectural production. Instead, it horizontally explores alternative and collective processes based on subjectivity. During the construction process, the involvement of an international organization allowed us to evaluate the effects, tools, and dynamics between vertical and hierarchical production and horizontal production based on a dialogue-creation processes.