bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Glycemia Is a Major Determinant of β-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kim Ji Yoon , Lee Jiyoon , Kim Sin Gon , Kim Nam Hoon
Published: June 2024

Background: Progressive deterioration of β-cell function is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate the relative contributions of clinical factors to β-cell function in T2DM.Methods: In a T2DM cohort of 470 adults (disease duration 0 to 41 years), β-cell function was estimated using insulinogenic index (IGI), disposition index (DI), oral disposition index (DIO), and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-B) derived from a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The relative contributions of age, sex, disease duration, body mass index, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (at the time of the OGTT), area under the curve of HbA1c over time (HbA1c AUC), coefficient of variation in HbA1c (HbA1c CV), and antidiabetic agents use were compared by standardized regression coefficients. Longitudinal analyses of these indices were also performed.Results: IGI, DI, DIO, and HOMA-B declined over time (P<0.001 for all). Notably, HbA1c was the most significant factor affecting IGI, DI, DIO, and HOMA-B in the multivariable regression analysis. Compared with HbA1c ≥9%, DI was 1.9-, 2.5-, 3.7-, and 5.5-fold higher in HbA1c of 8%–<9%, 7%–<8%, 6%–<7%, and <6%, respectively, after adjusting for confounding factors (P<0.001). Conversely, β-cell function was not affected by the type or duration of antidiabetic agents, HbA1c AUC, or HbA1c CV. The trajectories of the IGI, DI, DIO, and HOMA-B mirrored those of HbA1c.Conclusion: β-Cell function declines over time; however, it is flexible, being largely affected by recent glycemia in T2DM.
Evaluation of the Antitrypanosomal Activity of the Crude Extracts of Uvaria Ovata: In vitro and In silico Approach
Authors: Chama Mary Anti , Egyir Beverly , Owusu Kofi Baffour-Awuah , Armah Jessica Asomaniwaa , Afiadenyo Michael , Kwofie Samuel Kojo
Published: June 2024

Background:

Human African trypanosomiasis is the third disease with most mortalities among the neglected tropical diseases. The absence of vaccines and the development of parasite resistance have necessitated the quest for new affordable and safe treatment options for the disease. This study aims to assess the potential ofUvaria ovataas an alternative new and safer antitrypanosomal therapeutics.

Methods:

Antitrypanosomal efficacies of extracts and fractions ofU. ovatawere determined by the Alamar Blue cell viability assay againstTrypanosoma brucei bruceiGUTat 3.1. Molecular docking was used to suggest the mechanism of action of the extracts and fractions by docking the curated compounds present in the plant against farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) enzymes.

Results:

Antitrypanosomal activities (IC50, μg/mL) obtained were within the range of 0.12–4.40, exceeding that of the standard suramin (4.96). A total of 17 known compounds fromU. ovatathat did not violate Lipinski’s rule of five with negligible toxicity produced molecular docking results against FPPS and ODC enzymes. Within the FPPS interaction landscape, mannosamine emerged as the most promising lead, with a binding energy of −6.4 kcal/mol and a predicted Ki value of 20.12 μM. With respect to ODC, 15 compounds exhibited binding affinities ranging from −4.6 to −6.3 kcal/mol, exceeding that of the known inhibitor allicin (−4.5 kcal/mol).

Conclusion:

This is the first report of the antitrypanosomal activity and mode of action suggestion ofU. ovata. The study sets the foundation for further exploration and validation of the therapeutic prospect ofU. ovatain the fight against trypanosomiasis.
A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis on Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein 1 (3’-Untranslated Region) and Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-2 (rs8057341) Polymorphisms and Leprosy Susceptibility in Asian and Caucasian Populations
Authors: Antony Bibin Savio , Nagarajan Chitra , Devaraj Danis Vijay , Subbaraj Gowtham Kumar
Published: June 2024

The current meta-analysis aims to explore the potential correlation between natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) (3’-Untranslated region [3’-UTR]) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 (NOD2 [rs8057341]) gene polymorphisms and their association with leprosy susceptibility in both Asian and Caucasian populations. Datas were retrieved from case control studies with NOD 2 and NRAMP 1 gene polymorphism associated with leprosy disease. Leprosy emerges as a particularly distinctive ailment among women on a global scale. The NRAMP1 (3’-UTR) and NOD2 (rs8057341) genetic variations play a crucial role in the progression of leprosy. A systematic review of relevant case–control studies was conducted across several databases, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase. Utilizing MetaGenyo and Review Manager 5.4 Version, statistical analyses were carried out. Nine case–control studies totaling 3281 controls and 3062 leprosy patients are included in the research, with the objective of examining the potential association between NRAMP1 (3’-UTR) and NOD2 (rs8057341) gene polymorphisms and leprosy risk. The review methodology was registered in PROSPERO (ID520883). The findings reveal a robust association between NRAMP1 (3’-UTR) and NOD2 (rs8057341) gene polymorphisms and leprosy risk across various genetic models. Although the funnel plot analysis did not identify publication bias, bolstering these findings and elucidating potential gene–gene and gene–environment interactions require further comprehensive epidemiological research. This study identified a strong correlation between polymorphisms in the NOD2 (rs8057341) genes and susceptibility to leprosy across two genetic models. Further comprehensive epidemiological investigations are warranted to validate these findings and explore potential interactions between these genes and environmental factors.
Effect of a resampling method on the effectiveness of multi-layer neural network models in PV power forecasting
Authors: Bensalem Abderrahman , Belgacem Toual , Kouzou Abdellah , Belboul Zakaria
Published: June 2024

The primary aim of this study was to explore the impact of employing the K-fold Cross Validation resampling method in contrast to the hold-out set validation approach on the efficacy of forecasting models utilizing Multi-layer Neural Networks (MNN) for predicting photovoltaic (PV) output power. Real data sourced from southern Algeria was utilized for this purpose. The performance of various configurations of MNN models, with differing learning rate values, was evaluated using the coefficient of variation of Root Mean Square Error (CV(RMSE)). The findings consistently demonstrate that models developed using K-fold Cross Validation exhibited superior performance across most scenarios. These results underscore the potential advantages of leveraging such resampling techniques in terms of both generalization and robustness of forecasting models.
Gasoline Combustion Chambers-Compact or Open?
Authors: Collins David , Stokes John
Published: June 2024

A single cylinder research engine has been used to study a range of gasoline combustion chamber designs which have been divided into three categories open, compact and four valve. Measurements of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions are presented at full load and part load conditions, and a comparison is made of the best chamber from each category. At full load the performances of the three chambers were very similar at low speeds but at high speeds the superiority of the four-valve was clearly shown. At part load there were significant differences in the burn rate when operating at lean mixtures with the compact design showing the highest level and hence the most extended lean limit. The relationship between part load fuel consumption and full load octane requirement is presented as a method of comparing the relative performance of a range of combustion chamber designs.
Technology of Australian Vehicle Paint and Coatings in the 80's
Authors: Rileigh A. K.
Published: June 2024

This paper includes a review of the types of paints and coatings in current use and the likely changes which will occur in the further development of these, as well as products based on emerging technologies such as a new low energy method of Vapour Permeation Catalytic curing. Specific products covered include powder coatings, high solids, water-borne and plural reactive component types. Reference is made to the influence of environmental and economic forces, Government Legislation and materials availability which may cause major changes in existing products & processes in the next few years. The effect of cost of materials derived from oil is discussed.
Electronic Displays-Automotive Applications
Authors: Beyerlein D.G. , Carol J.A. , Engelman J.C. , Grimm R.A.
Published: June 2024

In just a short time, automotive displays have progressed from single point LED (light emitting diode) indicators to the very comprehensive electronic displays seen in today's cars. A few examples of milestone events are given, illustrating this rapid progress. Available market penetration data, customer/dealer reactions, and trends related to display technologies selected -- all relevant to the future of these products -- are discussed. Descriptions of selected 1983 and 1984 U.S. production vehicle offerings are also included.
Diving Accident of Passenger Car into Water
Authors: Emori Richard I. , Horiguchi Junji
Published: June 2024

To study diving accidents of passenger cars into water, staged experiments with full-scale vehicles driven by a professional stunt-man and a corresponding 1/10 scale model were performed. The motion of the vehicle recorded by high-speed movie cameras and the time history of deceleration of the vehicle at the impact confirmed the model rules. The paper shows that diving accidents of automobile into the water can be studied with scale models and makes few suggestions how to escape for survival.
Industry Reformation Policy and Its Impact to Automotive Industry in Korea
Authors: Shin Hyun Dong
Published: June 2024

During the fourth five year plan, most of leading enterprises in Korea have made large scale investment in heavy and chemical industries. But global economic recession made the future of heavy and chemical industries of Korea very gloomy. Consequently Korean Government issued the Industry reformation policy to rationalize the structure and to enhance international competitive strengths of Korean industries by the adjustment of business sector and investment scope among specific enterprises. This policy will be enforced for reasonable length of time.
The Effect of Blending Alcohol in Gasoline on Physical and Chemical Properties
Authors: Mustafa Bustani
Published: June 2024

There are two basic incentives to blend alcohol in gasoline i.e.

1.

as a fuel extender to reduce the amount of gasoline used.

2.

to improve the octane quality of gasoline.

This paper is concerned with the study on the blending effect of ethanol in premium gasoline produced in Indonesia, especially on its physical and chemical properties, and the improvement of its octane number.

The blendings were made in four concentrations (e.g. 5, 10, 15 and 20% volume ethanol in premium gasoline).

The test results will be compared to the Indonesian specification of premium gasoline.
Status of Taiwan and the evolution of Taiwanese identity
Authors: Kaimova A. S. , Denisov I. E.
Published: June 2024

The Taiwan issue, which originated from China’s civil war, not only defines the complex relationship between Beijing and Taipei but also has significant implications for security and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. The article examines the evolution of Taiwan’s status and the formation of Taiwanese identity within the context of the escalating geopolitical confrontation between China and the United States. The study focuses on historical, political, and cultural factors that have shaped Taiwanese identity, offering a fresh perspective that goes beyond previous binary ideological assessments. The authors highlight the influential role of historical heritage, including Chinese cultural influence, Polynesian culture, the Japanese colonial period, and Taiwan’s interaction with the United States, in shaping a unique hybrid Taiwanese identity. The analysis presented in the paper makes it evident that the Taiwan issue is not only intensified by the increasing US support for «separatist forces» on the island but also by the inherent dynamics of great-power competition. Taiwan aims to leverage global uncertainty to strengthen its international standing and assert its own agency. The findings of this study demonstrate that amid the intense US-Chinese competition, the expression of Taiwanese identity becomes magnified, thereby further complicating the pursuit of a peaceful resolution to the Taiwan issue in the long run. The conclusion derived from this research is relevant for understanding and forecasting the future dynamics of the situation in the Taiwan Strait.
Legal Basis for UK Sanctions Policy
Authors: Tolstopyatenko G. P. , Malinovsky A. A. , Ageev S. S.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the formation and development of the legal foundations of the UK sanctions policy. Based on the principles of Realpolitik, the concept of “Sanctions Policy” is studied not as an academic construction but as a real political and legal tool for the implementation of the external functions of the English state. The article proposes a brief historical and legal review of the sanctions legislation evolution, starting with the Royal Decree of 1621, the Navigation Act (1651), the Stamp Act (1765), the Townshend Acts (1767) and ending with the sanctions legislation of the EU, where the UK was a member before Brexit. The focus is on a detailed analysis of the Law on Sanctions and Combating Money Laundering of 2018, as well as statutory instruments, including the Regulations on Sanctions for Chemical Weapons (2019) and the Regulations on Sanctions for Violations of Human Rights (2020).Since the UK legal system belongs to the system of case law, the authors attempted to analyze the most important court decisions in this area, including: the case of HM Treasury v. Ahmed (2010) and Vekselberg, better known as Lamesa Investments Limited v. Cynergy Bank Limited (2019).It is concluded that the UK’s sanctions policy is primarily aimed at the achievement of its geopolitical objectives.
Sino-Russian “energy marriage”: evidence of cooperation from the belt and road initiative
Authors: Feng Sh. , Wang J. , Wang F.
Published: June 2024

Energy plays a vital role as the lifeblood of economic development, and China’s rapid economic growth necessitates a stable and secure energy supply. In this context, energy trade between China and Russia, under the framework of the of the One Belt One Road initiative, becomes a crucial element of China’s energy strategies. This paper employs a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to comprehensively analyze the historical, current, and future aspects of energy cooperation between the two nations. Amidst the current international landscape, the energy cooperation structures of China and Russia exhibit complementarity, rendering the energy collaboration between both countries mutually beneficial. Hence, it is essential for China and Russia to reinforce their energy cooperation further, paving the way for a prosperous and symbiotic relationship in the energy sector.
PAX SINICA? Китай в новом мировом порядке
Authors: LEKSYUTINA Ya. V. , SUCHKOV M. A.
Published: June 2024

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Empires of Eurasia and west-centric world order: how the past shapes the future of the international system
Authors: ZHORNIST V. M.
Published: June 2024

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Сomparative study of territorial ethnic autonomies
Authors: FARUKSHIN M. Kh. , ZARIPOVA A. R.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the approaches and methods of territorial ethnic autonomies comparative research that are part of both federal and unitary states. The statement on the dual role that these autonomies play is substantiated. The analysis of autonomous communities to assess positive and negative practices is possible only on the basis of comparison. The general features of autonomies are shown depending on the form of government. The influence of the ethnic factor on the autonomy and state institutions is revealed. The research focused on comparative analysis of ethnic autonomies, including the definition of the main comparison options for studying the distribution of power between the autonomy and the state, the selection of indicators that reveal them. The article reveals the possibilities of processing the obtained data for each group of indicators using quantitative and qualitative research methods.
Dynamics of protectionism and free trade measures in the competitive confrontation between the United States and China
Authors: KOLESNIKOVA T. V. , STEPNOV I. M.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the reconciliation mechanism of protectionist and liberalization components in the economic policy of the United States and China. Under tightening economic competition, the U.S. and China are implementing a set of measures to support national economies, aimed both at protecting the industries which are crucial for the development of the states, and at ensuring markets for the goods produced in the country. These observations have led to the hypothesis that the set of protectionist and liberalization tools in the economic policy of countries is combined and varied to ensure economic security and international competitiveness of national economies. Based on the analysis of indicators measuring the openness of the US and PRC economies as well as a number of examples of government intervention in the economy, the authors detect the trend towards the strengthening of protectionism in the economic policy of the states since 2008. Taking into consideration the research on the participation of both countries in globalization and integration projects, the authors determine the protectionist instruments implemented by China and the USA to improve the economic growth and competitive advantage of their economies. In particular, government subsidies, fiscal tools, administrative barriers, as well as tariff measures affecting the foreign trade of the countries under study have been identified. On the basis of the comparative analysis of certain indicators measuring the manifestation of protectionist and liberalization components in the economic policy of the United States and China, the authors highlight common and different trends in combining protectionism and free trade. The synthesis of findings has led to the conclusion about the complementarity and interdependence of the tools used in the economic policy of the states aimed at increasing the competitive advantages of national economies.
IMPACT OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ON GREAT POWER POLITICS
Authors: KALININ O. V.
Published: June 2024

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STATE INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES IN A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: AN EXPERIENCE OF BAYESIAN AGGREGATION OF STATE CAPACITY INDEX
Authors: GORELSKIY I. Ye.
Published: June 2024

This article endeavors to construct a composite indicator designed to facilitate the comparative assessment of institutional capacities across diverse political systems. The focal point of analysis resides within the domain of state capacity, a pivotal determinant for a myriad of inquiries that seek to evaluate the efficacy of public policy implementation across varying spheres. The attainment of the research objective materialized through the adoption of Bayesian methodologies tailored for the scrutiny of latent variables, a prevalent recourse within contemporary social sciences to address analogous empirical puzzles. Drawing upon antecedent advancements collaboratively undertaken with co-authors and a minimal selection of variables, ranging from the comprehensive gauge of control over violence to formal economic activity (reciprocally aligned with the gauge of informal economy), two distinct models were subjected to empirical examination: namely, the linear and hierarchical ones. The ensuing analysis of 150 countries across three temporal junctures (1996, 2005, and 2015) distinctly advocates for the adoption of the latter model after accommodating convergence testing. The hierarchical model, oriented towards encapsulating the tripartite dimensions of state capacity, namely administrative, coercive, and extractive facets, gains preference. This predilection aligns with the contribution of J. Hanson and R. Sigman, whose conceptual underpinnings are frequently espoused by scholars when delineating the contours of the observed construct. The hierarchical model affirms the efficacy and discriminatory acumen of the proposed approach in engendering pertinent state rankings. These empirical revelations, in turn, constitute an indispensable stride towards interrogating assorted hypotheses concerning trajectories of institutional development and the construction of classificatory frameworks delimiting state capacity. Moreover, they extend utility in the realm of comparative studies by furnishing an aggregated indicator conducive to cross-national analysis.
POLITICAL DIMENSION OF SWAHILI IN EAST AFRICA: COUNTRY AND REGIONAL ASPECTS
Authors: NIKOLSKAYA M. V.
Published: June 2024

Kiswahili is an East African Bantu language with around 150 million speakers, including those for whom it is a mother tongue or a language of confident proficiency. Its historical geographic domain spans Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. All three were part of British East Africa from the early 1920s up until decolonization. At present, their shared history, culture, geographical proximity and integration aspirations make them the core countries in the region. It would be logical therefore to assume that the position of Kiswahili should be growing stronger, yet in reality its status, functions and spread differ across all the three countries. This article seeks to identify the reasons for this phenomenon and analyze whether Kiswahili has the right potential to become a tool for regional political communication and integration.
EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION OF OIL AND GAS RESOURCES IN MARINE AREAS: DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN LEGISLATION IN THE LIGHT OF CHANGES IN GLOBAL POLITICS
Authors: Glikman O. V.
Published: June 2024

Legal regulation of exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources in marine areas, which are subject to the sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, is of great practical importance for our country, Russian legal entities and individuals. This is confirmed by the Strategy for the Development of Maritime Activities in the Russian Federation until 2030, the Energy Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2035 and the Maritime Doctrine of the Russian Federation, which were adopted in 2019 - 2022. These issues are no less important for foreign entities in connection with their participation in oil and gas marine projects in these territories.

The scientific significance of the study is related to the development of International Energy Law, a significant amount of the rules of which are applicable to oil and gas activities in marine areas. The purpose of the study is to comprehensively analyze the development of legal norms of the Russian Federation governing the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources in marine areas, which are subject to the sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, in the period 2014 - 2023, as well as identifying trends in their development in connection with measures taken by unfriendly states against Russia, Russian legal entities and individuals. The objectives of the study include identifying and analyzing trends in the development of legislation of the Russian Federation governing the exploration, exploitation and transportation of oil and gas resources in the specified marine areas, the interconnection of legislative innovations with changes in world politics and international legal problems that arose during this period.

The methodological basis of the study is comparative legal and formal legal. The article identifies and analyzes certain trends in the development of legislation of the Russian Federation related to the restriction of the rights of foreign entities in the implementation of subsoil use in offshore subsoil areas of federal significance, the regulation of artificial islands, installations and structures, as well as support for the Russian flag and the domestic manufacturer of sea vessels within the framework of oil and gas activities in the specified marine areas. The author concludes that it is necessary to take timely legislative measures and an integrated approach to the legislative regulation of the issues under consideration.
Hybrid Intelligence and GPS: Design of a Location-Based Cryptosystem for Data Security in Computer Network
Authors: Bhowmik Anirban , Karforma Sunil
Published: June 2024

In mobile applications or the case of vehicles, the concept of Location-based Encryption is instrumental in increasing data security. Location-based encryption is one type of security algorithm where decryption or data access is bound to specified locations and times. This algorithm only provides an additional layer of security to the existing one. In this paper, we have tried to design a cryptosystem based on the longitude and latitude of a location. Here, we assume one object is moving (vehicle, mobile device, etc.) and another is fixed in an area. The encryption-decryption process can be done in a specific location using GPS information. We aim to protect the unauthorized access to confidential data based on the coordinate system (i.e., longitude & latitude) and cryptographic algorithm. We have generated a geo encryption key based on the longitude and latitude of two particular coordinates. Our cryptosystem has three modules: location and hybrid intelligence-based key generation, symmetric key-based authentication and bijective mapping-based encryption-decryption. The different types of experiments and their results and analysis confirm that our technique is very efficient for location-based data security.
Estudo cientométrico sobre plantas alimentícias não convencionais com potencial educativo para o ensino de Botânica
Authors: Santos Mayanna Igreja dos , Martins Junior Alcindo da Silva , Costa Danielle Rodrigues Monteiro da
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar e analisar o panorama de pesquisas científicas publicadas no período de 2010 a 2020 sobre a utilização de Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais (PANC) como instrumento facilitador para o ensino de Botânica. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática em quatro bases de dados utilizando cinco descritores. Foram selecionadas publicações de artigos completos, monografias, dissertações e teses para a análise e construção da amostra final. Os dados coletados foram analisados a partir da perspectiva da Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que se faz necessário relacionar os estudos de PANC com a educação, especialmente o ensino de Botânica para oportunizar metodologias diferenciadas e enfatizar a importância da alfabetização científica.
Como (não) ensinar o Lamarckismo
Authors: Krizek João Pedro Ocanha
Published: June 2024

Não existem dúvidas acerca da importância de Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de La Marck (1744-1829) para a história da biologia. Sua influência no pensamento evolutivo é amplamente reconhecida, embora seu pensamento seja frequentemente simplificado de maneira excessiva e interpretado de formas equivocadas. Diante desse cenário, o presente artigo busca desconstruir certos aspectos da prática docente que tendem a distorcer ou simplificar a teoria evolutiva de Lamarck. Serão oferecidas orientações para o ensino do lamarckismo e, do mesmo modo, serão destacados elementos frequentemente negligenciados, mas cruciais para a compreensão do pensamento evolutivo lamarckiano. O objetivo é proporcionar aos professores uma visão mais completa e precisa das ideias desse importante naturalista francês.
A análise da perda de importância dos sistemas de contabilidade: uma aplicação do modelo de Ohlson no sector do carro
Authors: Atoche Teresa Duarte , Pérez López J. Ángel , Camúñez Ruiz J. Antonio , Moreno Campos Inés
Published: June 2024

Antecedentes: Desde há umas décadas a esta parte, a diferença existente entre a informação económico-financeira que as empresas apresentam e as necessidades informativas dos mercados têm sido motivo de preocupação e merecido crescente interesse por parte dos académicos. A evidência empírica chamou a atenção para a necessidade de os órgãos reguladores a nivel internacional se envolverem neste problema e encontrarem uma solução no sentido de garantir informação financeira relevante e clara. Hojee m dia o Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB) e o International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) estão a trabalhar no sentido da harmonizar 31 as normas contabilísticas à escala internacional. Objetivo: Com este trabalho de investigação iremos constatar empiricamente o deteriorar dos sistemas de informação contabilísticos, através da estimação do valor de mercado das empresas cotadas nos mercados de capitais. Metodologia e amostra: Recorremos, como função base, o modelo de Ohlson (1995) e a partir do mesmo, desenvolvemos as funções de valoração derivadas dos seus correspondentes Dinâmicas de Informação Linear (DIL). A amostra foi constituída por empresas que estão cotadas nos Estados Unidos e no Reino Unido, pertencem ao sector automóvel. O horizonte temporal analizado comprende 10 anos. Resultado e conclusões: Testada a utilidade perdida dos sistemas contabilísticos, como consequência dos sistemas contabilísticos não evidenciarem alguns acontecimentos, como por exemplo os benefícios em I+D, consideramos necessário que os órgãos reguladores mais importantes a nível internacional, o FASB e o IASB, melhorem as suas normas em matéria de intangíveis.
Assessment of Chest Tube Management Knowledge among Critical Care Nurses in a Tertiary Care Cardiac Hospital: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Ullah Hamayat , Nawaz Rahmat , Rathore Asif Raza , Bashir Shahzad , Khan Maria , Hassan Ikram , Khan Muhammad Ishaq , Hussain Saddam , Khan Hammad
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Chest tubes play a critical role in managing intra-pleural pressure imbalances and preventing potentially fatal outcomes such as pulmonary collapse. The management of chest tubes is primarily the responsibility of nursing care in patients reliant on this intervention. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding chest tube management among critical care nurses at a tertiary care cardiac hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study utilized a convenient sampling method, involving a sample size of n=120 participants. Data collection involved a structured questionnaire comprising demographic parameters followed by an 18-item questionnaire assessing knowledge of chest tube management. Knowledge scores were calculated as the percentage of correct responses to the 18 knowledge-related questions.
Results: Among the 120 nurses surveyed, 59.2% (71) were male, 55% (66) were under 36 years of age, and 66.7% (80) had up to 10 years of work experience. Only 20% (24) had participated in training courses regarding thoracic diseases. The mean knowledge score was 57.3 ± 17.2, with 30% (36) categorized as having low knowledge (<50%), 65% (78) as moderate knowledge (50% to 80%), and 5% (6) as high knowledge (>80%).
Conclusion: The study revealed a moderate level of knowledge concerning chest tube management among critical care nurses in a tertiary care cardiac center. There is a need for structured and comprehensive training programs focusing specifically on chest tube management to enhance nurses proficiency in this critical area of patient care.
Effect of Magnesium Sulfate with Propofol on Hemodynamic Stability during Tracheal Intubation in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Shah Iftekhar , Khuwaja Amin M , Chohan Haris Tariq , Ahmed Aftab , Muzaffar Maaida , Iqtdar Rabia , Zia Kashif , Faraz Maria
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the hemodynamic response of magnesium sulfate (MGS) with propofol during tracheal intubation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary cardiac center in Pakistan, involving 100 patients undergoing elective CABG. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded before and after intubation, following the administration of MGS with propofol.
Results: The mean systolic blood pressure was 114.9±9.4 mmHg, 120.3±3.4 mmHg and 111.1±6.4 mmHg before intubation, after 2 minutes and 5minutes respectively, with p-value of <0.001. The mean diastolic blood pressure was 66.2±10.3 mmHg, 67.8±6.1 mmHg, and 62±7.2 mmHg before intubation, after 2 minutes and 5minutes respectively, with p-value of <0.001. The mean arterial blood pressure was 82.5±9.2 mmHg, 85.3±4.5, mmHg and 78.4±6.4 mmHg before intubation, after 2 minutes and 5minutes respectively, with p-value of <0.001. The mean heart rate was 65.1±8.8 bpm, 69.7±5.2 bpm and 71.3±4.6 bpm before intubation, after 2 minutes and 5minutes respectively, with p-value of <0.001.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the addition of MGS to propofol contributes to hemodynamic stability during tracheal intubation in patients undergoing CABG. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore optimal dosing regimens.
Targeting Hypertension and Hyperuricemia Simultaneously: Exploring Natural Remedies for Integrated Treatment
Authors: Ashiq Kanwal , Ashiq Sana , Perveen Rashida
Published: June 2024

This article explores the intricate relationship between hypertension and hyperuricemia, emphasizing the potential of natural remedies for integrated treatment. Hypertension and hyperuricemia, which frequently coexist, share common risk factors such as dietary habits, inflammation, and obesity. Elevated uric acid levels, a hallmark of hyperuricemia, contribute to hypertension through mechanisms like endothelial damage and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. While traditional medicine remains a cornerstone in many developing regions, natural remedies like cherry extract and turmeric show promise in managing these conditions. Cherry extract reduces uric acid and inflammation, while turmeric's curcumin improves blood pressure and endothelial function. Complementary dietary and lifestyle changes, including antioxidant-rich foods, regular exercise, stress management, and adequate hydration, further enhance the efficacy of these natural treatments. Integrating herbal supplements with these modifications can reduce dependence on pharmaceuticals and improve overall health. However, further research is needed to confirm the long-term benefits and interactions of natural remedies with conventional treatments. This comprehensive approach offers a tailored strategy for managing hypertension and hyperuricemia, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Incidence, Predisposing Factors, and Outcomes of Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction in Elective Patients Undergoing Coronary Intervention
Authors: Razaq Habib Ur , Khalil Muhammad Shahab Ud Din , Ali Nasir , Ullah Abid , Ullah Nazeef , Shah Rayan
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes associated with periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) following elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methodology: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 120 patients who underwent elective PCI between January 2023 and December 2023. Data encompassed patient demographics, procedural specifics, and post-procedural outcomes, including PMI occurrence defined by elevated cardiac troponin levels exceeding the 99th percentile upper reference limit. Statistical analyses included logistic regression to evaluate the association of various predictors with PMI incidence.
Results: The PMI incidence in our cohort stood at 2.5%. Significant predictors of PMI encompassed older age, male gender, higher lesion complexity, and the utilization of bare-metal stents. Patients experiencing PMI exhibited a substantially higher rate of subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within six months post-procedure (33% vs. 4.27%, p = 0.045).
Conclusion: PMI persists as a notable complication of elective PCI, intricately linked to adverse long-term cardiovascular outcomes. These findings underscore the imperative for meticulous patient and procedural selection to mitigate PMI risk. Given PMI's substantial implications for patient prognosis, future research should concentrate on refining risk assessment tools and crafting targeted interventions to reduce PMI incidence and enhance overall patient outcomes.
Lupus Myocarditis with Pericardial Effusion: a Rare Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Khalid Saba , Hashmi Kashif , Akhtar Ammar
Published: June 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can manifest with diverse cardiac presentations, with pericarditis being the most common. However, myocarditis, albeit rare, poses significant risks. Here, we present the case of a 20-year-old woman initially diagnosed with tuberculosis but later found to have lupus myocarditis, a rare complication of SLE. She presented with features of left ventricular failure and pericardial effusion, demonstrating the importance of considering alternative diagnoses in such cases. Prompt management with supportive care and oral steroids led to eventual improvement.
Prevalence of Carotid Artery Stenosis in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Admitted to a Coronary Care Unit and its Relationship with Coronary Angiographic Findings
Authors: Abbas Syed Ghazi , Baig Mirza Yousuf , Ansari Muhammad Imran , Taimoor Lalarukh , Arif Muhammad Sohaib , Hassan Mujtaba , Memon Aziz ur Rehman , Umair Madiha , Abubaker Jawed
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The prevalence and clinical significance of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients remain uncertain. This study aims to evaluate CAS prevalence and its association with coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in AMI patients admitted to a coronary care unit (CCU).
Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 100 consecutively selected AMI patients underwent ultrasound Doppler carotid artery assessments, including measurements of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), identification of plaque (stenosis >0%), and calculation of internal carotid artery/common carotid artery (ICA/CCA) peak systolic velocity ratio. Angiographic findings, including the number of diseased vessels and Syntax score (SS), were also recorded.
Results: Among the study cohort (mean age 55.1±11.2 years, 78 males), 32 patients exhibited CAS, with 8 having cIMT>1.2mm, 3 showing ICA/CCA PSV ratio>2, and 25 presenting plaque. CAS prevalence did not significantly correlate with CAD severity, regardless of the number of diseased vessels or SS. Similarly, CAS rates did not significantly differ based on SS categories (low, intermediate, high). While CAS prevalence trended higher in patients with conventional atherosclerotic risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity), these associations were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: CAS was prevalent in approximately one-third of AMI patients, yet it did not demonstrate a significant association with CAD severity or SS. However, CAS rates tended to increase with the presence of conventional atherosclerotic risk factors. Further research is warranted to elucidate the clinical implications of CAS in AMI patients and its relationship with CAD severity.
Assentadas
Authors: Gargioni Ana Alice dos Passos
Published: June 2024

Poema
Analysis and assessment of the bank's credit risk
Authors: Митюшина И.Л. , Соловьева Н.Е.
Published: June 2024

В статье рассмотрен кредитный риск на примере ПАО «Сбербанк России». Раскрыта динамика кредитования клиентов и динамика показателей ликвидности за 12 месяцев. Проанализирована доходность выданных кредитов по кварталам и ликвидных активов ПАО «Сбербанк России». Выявлены и охарактеризованы типы кредитных рисков исследуемого банка и определены методы управления ими. Сделаны выводы.

The article considers credit risk on the example of PJSC Sberbank of Russia. Where the dynamics of customer lending and the dynamics of liquidity indicators for 12 months are disclosed. The profitability of loans issued by quarter and liquid assets of PJSC Sberbank of Russia is analyzed. The types of credit risks of the studied bank are identified and characterized and the methods of managing them are determined. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn.
Assessing the Influence of Soil Composition on Plant Growth and Development in USA
Authors: Olivia Harper
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of soil composition on plant growth and development.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Assessing soil composition's influence on plant growth and development reveals crucial insights. Soil pH affects nutrient availability, with acidic soils limiting essential nutrient uptake. Organic matter content enhances soil structure and microbial activity, promoting nutrient cycling. Soil texture influences water infiltration and root penetration, impacting plant establishment. Toxic elements like heavy metals inhibit plant growth by disrupting physiological processes.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Liebig's law of the minimum, optimal foraging theory & soil-plant feedback theory may be used to anchor future studies on the soil composition on plant growth and development. Develop soil management guidelines tailored to specific agro ecological contexts, taking into account soil properties, climate conditions, and crop requirements to optimize nutrient availability and uptake. Integrate soil health indicators and ecosystem services assessments into agricultural policies and land use planning frameworks to promote sustainable soil management practices and mitigate environmental degradation.
Investigating the Impact of Exercise Intensity on Cardiovascular Health Parameters in Kenya
Authors: Mwaniki Julius
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigating the impact of exercise intensity on cardiovascular health parameters.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: This study found that higher-intensity exercise generally leads to greater improvements in cardiovascular fitness compared to moderate-intensity exercise. Studies consistently showed that high-intensity exercise results in more significant reductions in blood pressure, improvements in lipid profiles, and enhanced endothelial function, indicating better cardiovascular health. Furthermore, higher-intensity exercise was associated with greater improvements in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), a key indicator of aerobic capacity and cardiovascular fitness.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Health-related physical fitness theory, dual-mode theory of exercise & metabolic equivalent theory may be used to anchor future studies on exercise intensity on cardiovascular health parameters. Based on empirical evidence, healthcare professionals should tailor exercise prescriptions to individual needs, preferences, and health status. Policymakers play a crucial role in promoting equitable access to exercise opportunities and resources, particularly in underserved communities.
Renewable Energy Adoption and Its Effect on Rural Development in United States
Authors: Moore Charles
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the renewable energy adoption and its effect on rural development in United States.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Renewable energy adoption in rural areas of the United States has shown promising effects on rural development. Studies indicate that the deployment of renewable energy projects, such as wind and solar farms, has led to job creation, increased local tax revenues, and economic diversification in rural communities. Additionally, renewable energy projects have provided opportunities for landowners to earn additional income through leasing their land for energy production
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Diffusion of innovations theory, social-ecological systems theory & technology acceptance model (TAM) may be used to anchor future studies on renewable energy adoption and its effect on rural development. Strengthening practical interventions to facilitate the adoption of renewable energy technologies in rural communities is essential. Developing supportive policy frameworks is critical to unlocking the full potential of renewable energy for rural development.