bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observations on the sex of mice.—Preliminary paper.
Authors: Copeman Sydney Arthur Monckton , Parsons F. G.
Published: December 2006

In this communication we record the results obtained, during a period of fifteen months, from the breeding of fancy mice. The experiments were commenced with the object of determining the extent, if any, to which the relative proportion of the sexes is capable of being influenced by varying conditions of age, nutrition, inter-breeding, etc. The work is still in progress, but in the hope of obtaining help and criticism from other observers, we think it desirable to put on record the experimental work that has already been carried out.
Conjugation of resting nuclei in an epithelioma of the mouse.
Authors: Bashford E. F. , Murray James Alexander , Bradford John Rose
Published: December 2006

In a previous communication we have drawn attention to the fact that the power of cell proliferation, which has been proved to occur in an epithelioma of the mouse (Jensen), is a phenomenon unparalleled in the mammalia. A mass of tumour, 16 lbs. in weight, has been produced by artificially transplanting portions of the original growth and its descendants. In seeking to throw light on this fact, we have studied carefully the phenomena which follow the transplantations of portions of the tissue to new sites, and have found that the tumours which arise are the genealogical descendants of the cells introduced. We have studied the growth of the tumours which arise at successive stages of 24 hours. In a tumour removed on the eighth day, and less than half a split pea in size, conjugation of resting nuclei has been observed. To take a specific case, the nuclei of two adjacent cells are continuous through the cell wall by a tube-like bridge, in the middle of which a strand of nucleolar substance with fusiform swellings in either cell is visible. The cells of this particular case are adjacent to. the stroma, and close to the outer surface of the young tumour.
The reduction division in ferns.
Authors: Gregory R. P. , Ward Harry Marshall
Published: December 2006

The earlier work upon the spore-formation in Ferns having led to divergent resuits, a new investigation was begun in connection with other cytological work bearing upon the Mendelian hypothesis. During the progress of this work, Professor Farmer and J. E. S. Moore, in their preliminary communication to the Royal Society upon the reduction-phenomena of plants and animals, indicated the occurrence of a true reduction at the heterotype division in both plants and animals. The examination of the early stages of spore-formation in Ferns leaves no doubt that the essential features of the phenomena described by the above-mentioned authors are present also in this group of plants.
The secreto-motor effects in the cat's foot studied by the electrometer.
Authors: Waller Augustus Desire
Published: December 2006

In a previous communication it was stated that the electrical signs a of secreto-motor action by tetanisation of the sciatic nerve are a demonstrable in the pads of a cat’s foot after death, best so during; the second half-hour after death, when the action of the nerve upon muscles of the limb has ceased. The subsequent study of these effects, by means of electrometer records, has brought out with great distinctness the chief classical events with which we are familiar in the case of the contraction of voluntary muscle, viz., the latency and course of a single response to a single stimulus, the super-position of two or more responses and the composition of tetanus, summation of stimuli, fatigue and recovery, and the staircase phenomenon. The difference between the muscular and the secreto-motor series of phenomena is principally a difference of time, the former being about 100 times more rapid than the latter.
Experiments on a method of preventing death from snake bite, capable of common and easy practical application.
Authors: Brunton Thomas Lauder , Fayrer Joseph , Rogers Leonard
Published: December 2006

Although this paper is a joint one, the authors wish to mention that each has had a different part in its production. The whole research may be fairly regarded as the natural outcome of the work begun in India nearly forty years ago by one of us (Fayrer), and this is the only ground on which his name can be associated with this paper.
The formation of magnetic singularities by time-dependent collapse of an X -type magnetic field
Authors: Priest Eric Ronald , Titov V. S. , Rickard G.
Published: December 2006

A self-consistent solution is presented for nonlinear time-dependent collapse of a two-dimensional X-type magnetic field to form a current sheet. A so-called ‘strong magnetic field approximation’ is adopted for highly sub-Alfvenic flow of an ideal low-beta plasma. To lowest order in the Alfven Mach number, the magnetic field evolves through a series of topologically accessible piece-wise potential states with the constraint that the acceleration be perpendicular to the magnetic field. A wide class of solutions is obtained using complex variable theory by assuming the magnetic potential is frozen to the plasma. The current sheet in the basic solution stretches along the x-axis from —/
t
to +/
t
, and regions of reversed current are found near the ends of the sheet. A current conservation theorem is proved, which states that the total current in the sheet is zero if it forms by collapse of an initially current-free X-point under the strong magnetic field approximation and with the magnetic potential frozen to the plasma. The basic solution is generalized to include other initial states and initial flows. A general numerical method for the evolution of magnetic fields under the strong magnetic field approximation is set up when the magnetic potential is not necessarily frozen to the plasma. This method is applied to an example of the formation of a current sheet with Y-type neutral points at its ends.
Conservative, high-order numerical schemes for the generalized Korteweg—de Vries equation
Authors: Bona J. L. , Dougalis V. A. , Karakashian O. A. , McKinney W. R.
Published: December 2006

A class of fully discrete schemes for the numerical simulation of solutions of the periodic initial-value problem for a class of generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations is analysed, implemented and tested. These schemes may have arbitrarily high order in both the spatial and the temporal variable, but at the same time they feature weak theoretical stability limitations. The spatial discretization is effected using smooth splines of quadratic or higher degree, while the temporal discretization is a multi-stage, implicit, Runge-Kutta method. A proof is presented showing convergence of the numerical approximations to the true solution of the initial-value problem in the limit of vanishing spatial and temporal discretization. In addition, a careful analysis of the efficiency of particular versions of our schemes is given. The information thus gleaned is used in the investigation of the instability of the solitary-wave solutions of a certain class of these equations.
Structural health monitoring of civil infrastructure
Authors: Brownjohn J.M.W
Published: December 2006

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a term increasingly used in the last decade to describe a range of systems implemented on full-scale civil infrastructures and whose purposes are to assist and inform operators about continued ‘fitness for purpose’ of structures under gradual or sudden changes to their state, to learn about either or both of the load and response mechanisms. Arguably, various forms of SHM have been employed in civil infrastructure for at least half a century, but it is only in the last decade or two that computer-based systems are being designed for the purpose of assisting owners/operators of ageing infrastructure with timely information for their continued safe and economic operation.

This paper describes the motivations for and recent history of SHM applications to various forms of civil infrastructure and provides case studies on specific types of structure. It ends with a discussion of the present state-of-the-art and future developments in terms of instrumentation, data acquisition, communication systems and data mining and presentation procedures for diagnosis of infrastructural ‘health’.
An introduction to structural health monitoring
Authors: Farrar Charles R , Worden Keith
Published: December 2006

The process of implementing a damage identification strategy for aerospace, civil and mechanical engineering infrastructure is referred to as structural health monitoring (SHM). Here, damage is defined as changes to the material and/or geometric properties of these systems, including changes to the boundary conditions and system connectivity, which adversely affect the system's performance. A wide variety of highly effective local non-destructive evaluation tools are available for such monitoring. However, the majority of SHM research conducted over the last 30 years has attempted to identify damage in structures on a more global basis. The past 10 years have seen a rapid increase in the amount of research related to SHM as quantified by the significant escalation in papers published on this subject. The increased interest in SHM and its associated potential for significant life-safety and economic benefits has motivated the need for this theme issue.

This introduction begins with a brief history of SHM technology development. Recent research has begun to recognize that the SHM problem is fundamentally one of the statistical pattern recognition (SPR) and a paradigm to address such a problem is described in detail herein as it forms the basis for organization of this theme issue. In the process of providing the historical overview and summarizing the SPR paradigm, the subsequent articles in this theme issue are cited in an effort to show how they fit into this overview of SHM. In conclusion, technical challenges that must be addressed if SHM is to gain wider application are discussed in a general manner.
An automated damage identification technique based on vibration and wave propagation data
Authors: Mal Ajit , Banerjee Sauvik , Ricci Fabrizio
Published: December 2006

This paper is concerned with the detection and characterization of hidden defects in advanced structures before they grow to a critical size. A novel method is developed using a combination of vibration and wave propagation data to determine the location and degree of damage in structural components requiring minimal operator intervention. The structural component is to be instrumented with an array of actuators and sensors to excite and record its dynamic response. A damage index, calculated from the measured dynamic response of the structure in a reference state (baseline) and the current state, is introduced as a determinant of structural damage. The index is a relative measure comparing the two states of the structure under the same ambient conditions. The indices are used to identify damages in the forms of delaminations and holes in composite plates for different arrangements of the source and the receivers. The potential applications of the approach in developing health monitoring systems in defects-critical structures are discussed.
Time–frequency and time–scale analyses for structural health monitoring
Authors: Staszewski Wiesław J , Robertson Amy N
Published: December 2006

Signal processing is one of the most important elements of structural health monitoring. This paper documents applications of time-variant analysis for damage detection. Two main approaches, the time–frequency and the time–scale analyses are discussed. The discussion is illustrated by application examples relevant to damage detection.
The application of machine learning to structural health monitoring
Authors: Worden Keith , Manson Graeme
Published: December 2006

In broad terms, there are two approaches to damage identification. Model-driven methods establish a high-fidelity physical model of the structure, usually by finite element analysis, and then establish a comparison metric between the model and the measured data from the real structure. If the model is for a system or structure in normal (i.e. undamaged) condition, any departures indicate that the structure has deviated from normal condition and damage is inferred. Data-driven approaches also establish a model, but this is usually a statistical representation of the system, e.g. a probability density function of the normal condition. Departures from normality are then signalled by measured data appearing in regions of very low density. The algorithms that have been developed over the years for data-driven approaches are mainly drawn from the discipline of pattern recognition, or more broadly, machine learning. The object of this paper is to illustrate the utility of the data-driven approach to damage identification by means of a number of case studies.
To the truly noble philosopher, Robert Boyle esq; brother to the Right Honourable the Earl of Burlington, &c
Authors: Oldenburg Henry
Published: December 2006

Sir, I
Cannot forbear any longer to address one of the Volumes of these
Transactions
to You, to whom I most willingly profess I am sincerely devoted, and who is known to have obliged the learned World with so many uncommon Discoveries in Nature, and so solidly maintain’d the Power and Vsefulness of Experimental Philosophy
.
An extract of letter, written by John Winthrop Esq; Governour of Connecticut in New England, to the Publisher, concerning some natural curiosities of those parts, especially a very strange and very curiously contrived fish, sent for the repository of the R. Society
Authors: Winthrop John
Published: December 2006

I Know not, whether I may recommend some of the production of this Wilderness as rarities or novelties, but they are such as the place affords.
New pneumatical experiments about respiration. - Those experiments, made by that indefatigable benefactour to philosophy, the Honourable Robert Boyle. in order to bring some more light to the doctrine of respiration, as well as to minister occasion to inquisitive naturalists to make farther researches into the same, were by their noble author communicated to the publisher of these papers; who esteem'd it more convenient to make them a part of these tracts (they taking up the room but of a few sheets)
Authors: Boyle Robert
Published: December 2006

New pneumatical experiments about respiration. - Those experiments, made by that indefatigable benefactour to philosophy, the Honourable Robert Boyle. in order to bring some more light to the doctrine of respiration, as well as to minister occasion to inquisitive naturalists to make farther researches into the same, were by their noble author communicated to the publisher of these papers; who esteem'd it more convenient to make them a part of these tracts (they taking up the room but of a few sheets) than to publish them any other way. The I. Title.
Observations made about the lasting of
Ducks
included in the Exhausted Receiver
. Nature having, as
Zoologists
teach us, furnished
Ducks
and other water-Fowl with a peculiar structure or some vessels about the heart, to enable them, when they have occasion to Dive, to forbear for a pretty while respiring under water without prejudice;
Extracts of two letters, written by the Ingenious Mr. Adam Martindale to the publisher from Rotherton in Cheshire, Novemb. 12. and Nov. 26. 1670. concerning the discovery of a Rock of natural Salt in that country
Authors: Martindale Adam
Published: December 2006

A Gentleman of good account and reputation assures me, that in our County there is lately found out a great rarity,
viz
.
Extract of a letter written by Mr. Martin Lister to the publisher Jannuar, 25, 16 70/71, relating partly to the same argument with that of the former letter, and directing to another insect that is like to yield an Acid liquor; partly to the Bleeding of the Sycamore
Authors: Lister Martin
Published: December 2006

Sir, Concerning the Acid liquor of Pismires, I Have very lately received from Mr.
Wray
the Account (I Suppose you have it also by this time,) that was sent him from Mr.
Fisher
and Mr.
Jessop
.
Some observations concerning the variety of the running of sap in trees, compared with a weather glass; made in April, 1670. Together with some ways of ordering birch-water
Authors: Tonge Israel
Published: December 2006

I Am this day very much confirmed in my apprehension, that Trees and other Plants, if we could contrive them, as I have (but slenderly) projected in my
Sap-wiser
to that purpose, would far better indicated the Alteration of Weather, as to heat, cold moisture, drought, than any Weather glasses, I have yet experimented.
An accompt of some books. I. Dissertationes medicæ tres: 1. De causis fluxûs menstrui mulierum. 2. De sympathia variarum corporis partium cum vtero. 3. De usu lactis ad tabidos reficiendos, & de immediato corporis alimento. Auth. Francisco Bayle, Doct. Medico. Tolosæ, 1670. in 4. - II. Historiæ generalis insectorum, Johannis Swammerdani, pars prima. Ultrajecti A. 1669. in 4. - III. The creed of M. Hobbes, examined by M. Tenison. London, 1670. in 8. - IV. Francisci Josephi Burrhi epistolæ duæ ad thomam b
Authors: Tenison Edward , Bartholin Thomas
Published: December 2006

An accompt of some books. I. Dissertationes medicæ tres: 1. De causis fluxûs menstrui mulierum. 2. De sympathia variarum corporis partium cum vtero. 3. De usu lactis ad tabidos reficiendos, & de immediato corporis alimento. Auth. Francisco Bayle, Doct. Medico. Tolosæ, 1670. in 4. - II. Historiæ generalis insectorum, Johannis Swammerdani, pars prima. Ultrajecti A. 1669. in 4. - III. The creed of M. Hobbes, examined by M. Tenison. London, 1670. in 8. - IV. Francisci Josephi Burrhi epistolæ duæ ad thomam bartholinum. Hafniæ, 1669 in 4. This Ingenious Author to prepare his Reader to a candid reception of these Discourses, represents in the Preface, how much mischief and prejudice hath been done to knowledge
both
by intemperate and blind Love of Novelty,
and
by a sullen and servile addiction to bare Antiquity;
Considerations of Mr. Leewenhoeck, touching the compression of the air; sent to the publisher in his letter of August 15 1673
Authors: Van Leeuwenhoek Antoni
Published: December 2006

I Cannot forbear to give you my thoughts concerning the Compression of the Air.
An extract of a letter of Mr. Martin Lister concerning the first part of his tables of snails, together with some quære's relating to those insects, and the tables themselves; sent to the publisher from York March 12. 1673.
Authors: Lister Martin
Published: December 2006

I Herewith send you the first part of our Tables of Snails, and some Quære's upon that subject; also the lively figure of each Shell for illustration, done by Mr. Lodge. I reserve by me the Sea-Shells and Rock-Stones.
An extract of a letter of the learned Dr. Gothofredus Guil. Leibnitz, concerning the principle of exactness in the portable watches of his invention
Authors: Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm Von
Published: December 2006

The principle I thought upon some years ago for making exact portable watches, is altogether different from that which consists in an equal duration of unequal vibrations of pendulums or springs, applyed to watches by M.
Hugens
with so general an applause;
A proposal to Noblemen, Gentlemen and others, who are willing to subscribe towards Dr. Morison's new universal herbal, ordering plants according to a new and true method, never published heretofore
Authors: Morison
Published: December 2006

Whereas Robert Morison Dr. of Physick, Botanick to his Majesty, and Professor of that Science in the University of Oxford, hath, by his assiduous and long observation, discover’d a more easie and Scientifical Method of knowing
Plants
out of the
Book of Nature
, according to the different forms of their
Flowers, Seed
, and
Seed pods
, than hath ever yet been published.
An extract of a letter, written by a Friend to the Publisher out of the country, July 24. 1675; relating to the contents of the tract next foregoing
Authors: Friend
Published: December 2006

I Am very much obliged for the last pacquet which came safe, and I was not a little transported with Joy in the perusal of Honourable Mr.
Boyles Essay Instrument
, as he hath expressed the five principal uses of it, which obliges Mankind (that hath a regard for Honesty or Justice; or hath any concernment for
Coins
, or Mettals) to return him grateful Acknowledgements.
A letter of Mr. Flamsteed, Professor Regius of Astronomy in London, to Sir Jonas Moor Knight, &c. containing his observations of the late Lunar Eclipse, on Decemb. 21. 1675
Authors: Flamsteed John , Knight Jonas Moor
Published: December 2006

Nlsi Cœlum à Meridie, hunc Defectum prœcedente, nubibus densissimis, pluviâ continuâ, & vento validissimo inhorrescens, omneu ferè spem optatœ serenitatis abstulisset, itérque hucper slumen adnavigantibus periculosum admodum readidisset, plus tibi propter Ministri tui peritioris promissam societatem, hœc Observatio debuisset.
I. KΛAYΔIOY ΠTOΛEMAIOY APMONIKΩN BIBΛIA Γ’. - Claudii ptolemæi harmonicorum Libri Tres. Ex Codd. Mss. Undecim, nunc primum Græce editi. Johannes Wallis, SS. Th. D. Geometriæ Professor Savilianus Oxoniæ, Regiæ Societatis Londini Sodalis, Reiæque Majestati a Sacru; Recensuit, Edidit, Versione & Notis illustravit, & Auctarium adjecit. Oxonii, e Theatro sheldoniano, A. D. 1682. In Quarto
Authors: Wallis John
Published: December 2006

I. KΛAYΔIOY ΠTOΛEMAIOY APMONIKΩN BIBΛIA Γ’. - Claudii Ptolemæi Harmonicorum Libri Tres. Ex Codd. Mss. Undecim, nunc primum Græce Editi. Johannes Wallis, ss. Th. D. Geometriæ Professor Savilianus Oxoniæ, Regiæ Societatis Londini Sodalis, Reiæque Majestati a Sacru; Recensuit, Edidit, Verstione & Notis illustravit, & Auctarium adjecit. Oxonii, e Theatro sheldoniano, A. D. 1682. In Quarto. II. Observations upon the Dublin-Bills of mortality, 1681. And the state of that city. By the observator on the London-Bills of mortality. London Printed for mark pardoe at the black raven over against Bedford-House in the Strand, 1683. III. Johannes godartius of insects. Done into English, and methodized; with the addition of notes. By Martin Lister Esq; The figures etched upon copper. This work having been never before Printed in
Greek
, and but very imperfectly in by
Latine
, by
Anton. Gogavinus
of
Graves
,above a 100 Years since, when good skill in the
Greek
Tongue was more rare: our learned Professor took it for a Task well agreeing with his Province, to give it us in a more perfect Edition.
A correction of the theory of the motion of the satelite of Saturn, by that ingenious astronomer Mr. Edmund Hally.
Authors: Halley Edmond
Published: December 2006

Sir, I here send you an Astronomical account of the most remote of all the Planets of our Vortex, and withal of the most inconsiderable, I mean of the Satellite of Saturn, discovered in the year 1655 by Monsieur Christian Hugens of Zulichem, who in that accurate Treatise of his Systema Saturnium, from pag. 25 to 34 gives us the Theory of its Motion as well as the shortness of the interval of time between his Observations would admit; and since him I know none that have gone about to improve the said Theory.
3. A continuation of a discourse about vision, with an examination of some late objections against it.
Authors: Briggs William
Published: December 2006

Having formerly given a a Specimen of my thoughts about Vision, I purpos'd to defer the publishing any thing more relating to it, till a more entire Treatise (about the Particular uses of the parts of the Eye in Vision) had been finisht, which I intimated my designing at that time; but this will require the consideration of many more years, and indeed the Subject is so admirable, and may be of such use to convince the Scepticism of the age, that I hope it will not be time lost.
2. Some probable thoughts of the whiteness of the chyle, and what it is after it is conveyed within the arteries
Authors: Lister Martin
Published: December 2006

1. In the digestion of meat in the stomack, there is made a separation or solution of Urinous Salts; no otherwise than in the rotting of Plants or Animals.
Tajacu seu aper Mexicanus moschiferus, or the anatomy of the Mexico musk-hog, &c
Authors: Tyson Edward
Published: December 2006

This
animal
being so much a stranger to our nation; and its inward organs, at least some, so odd, and remarkable; I am willing to deliver my observations of it.
Recherches curieuses, &c. - Curious researches of antiquity, contained in divers disertations concerning medalls, base releifs, statues, mosaic-works, and inscriptions of the ancients: enriched with a great number of brass cuts. By Monst. Spon Dr. of Physick at Lyons, 1683. in quarto
Authors: Spon
Published: December 2006

The excellent Physitian and curious Traveller Dr.
Spon
, having in his preface to these Researches recommended the present Age, from the good performances of the Divines and Lawyers in their respective faculties, and from the happy inventions in his own Profession, as the Circulation of the blood, the
Venæ Lacteæ, Quinquina
, and several others, and also from Philosophical discoveries, such as the weight of the Air, and force of burning
Metallins
devices for Divers, &c.
De urinis, pulsibus; de Missione Sanguinis; de Febribus; de Morbis Capitis; & Pectoris: Opus Laurentij Bellini: Bononiæ 1683
Authors: Bellini Lorenzo
Published: December 2006

The Author dedicates this book to his Master Seignior
Redi
: and, in his Preface to the Reader, mentions another peice he has before him, [concerning the nature of sensitive beings, and by what necessary means they operate;] the titles of several of the chapters in it, are here premised; as a tast of that, of which we hope in a little time, to have a more full enjoyment.
Some further remarks on the instrument proposed by an anonymous French author, for effecting a perpetual motion, an account whereof is given in No. 177 of these Transactions
Authors: Papin Denis
Published: December 2006

Having seen in the Journal des Scavans of May 13th. and in the Nouvelles de la Republique des Letres of the month of June, that the author of the perpetual motion is not satisfied
Two observations of the last eclipse November 30th last, made at Nuremberg; the one by Mr. G. C. Eimmart, the other by Mr. J. Ph. Wurtzelbaur: Communicated by Mr. Theodore Haak R. S. S
Authors: Eimmart Georg Christoph , Wurtzelbaur J. Ph.
Published: December 2006

This eclipse of the moon was the more remarkable, for that it fell out very near the apogæon of the moon, and was nearly central
An extract of two essays in political arithmetick concerning the comparative magnitudes, &c. of London and Paris
Authors: Petty William
Published: December 2006

The excellent author of these two essays, has in several former of the same nature made it appear that mathematical reasoning, is not only applicable to lines and numbers, but affords the best means of judging in all the concerns of human life.
Accounts of books. I. Historia plantarum, species hactenus editas aliasq; insuper multas noviter inventas & descriptas complectens &c. Autore Joanne Rajo e Societate Regia. Tomus primus. Londini, 1686 Fol. Apud Henricum Faithorne R. S. Typographum; ad insigne rosæ in Cæmeterio D. Pauli. II. Philosophiæ naturalis principia mathematica, Autore Is. Newton Trin. Coll. Cantab. Soc. Matheseos Professore Lucasiano, & Societatis Regalis Sodali. 4to. Londini. Prostat apud plures Bibliopolas
Authors: Rajo Joanne , Pauli Dan.
Published: December 2006

The excellent Author of this great Work, is so well known for his incomparable Skill in the
Botanick
Science, and other Parts of useful Learning, that it will be needless to say any thing of him.
An account of some Saxon Coyns found in Suffolk; Communicated by Sir P. S. R. S. Soc
Authors: P. S.
Published: December 2006

In
May
1687, at
Honedon
nigh
Clare
in
Suffolk
, the Sexton as he was digging a Grave in the Church-yard, met with a Skull;
Accounts of books. - Propositiones hydrostaticæ ad illustrand. Aristarachi samii systema destinatæ, & quædam phænomena naturæ generalia. Auth. Francisco Jessop, Arm. Lond. 4
to
. 1687. Tabularum astronomicarum pars prior, de motibus solis & Lunæ, necnon de positione fixarum, exipsis observationibus deductis: cum usu tabularum, &c. Authore Ph. de la Hire Regio Matheseos Professore ac Regiæ Scientiarum Academiæ Socio. 4
to
. Parisis. 1687
Authors: Jessop Francisco
Published: December 2006

This Book contains an Hypothesis, and Demonstration thereupon, concerning the Nature of Bodies and their motions.
A description of the pimienta or Jamaica pepper-tree, and of the tree that bears the cortex winteranus:
Authors: Sloane Hans
Published: December 2006

This Tree has a Trunk as thick as ones thigh, rising streight about 30 feet high, covered with an extreamly polite or smooth Skin of a gray colour, and branched out on every hand, having the ends of its Twigs set with Leaves of several sizes, the largest being 4 or 5 inches long, and 2 or 3 broad in the middle where broadest , and whence it decreases to both extreams ending in a point, smooth, thin, shining, without any incisures, of a deep green colour, and standing on inch-long footstalks; when bruis'd very odoriferous, and in all things like the Leaves of a Bay-tree.
Some observations made on the spawn of frogs, and of the production of todpoles therein, by the Learned and Curious Richard Waller, Esq; Reg. S. Secret
Authors: Waller Richard
Published: December 2006

About the twelsth of
March
1689. I took some Frog-Spawn out of a Ditch, which I Suppose might have been Spawned about 14 days, and kept it in a Gally-Pot of Water, which I shifted every day or two, and kept them in a Window where the Sun Shined some part of the Day.
Observationes ponderis testudinis terrestris, cum in autumno terram subiret, cum ejusdem ex terrâ verno tempore exeuntis pondere comparati, per plures annos repetitæ: experimento celeberrimi D. D. Georgii Ent, Equitis, & M. D. & à Doctissimo D. D. Rob. Pitt, M. D. & R. S. S. communicatæ
Authors: Ent George , Pitt Robert
Published: December 2006

Die septimo Octobris, Anno 1651. Testudinem means appendi, priusquam latibulum adirect, ibidem per totam Hyemen hybernatura, pendebatque exactè libras 4. unciásque totidem minus drachma, nempe lib.
Emendationes & Notae in tria loca vitiose edita in textu vulgato Naturalis Historiae C. Plinii
Authors: Halley Edmond
Published: December 2006

Disquisitiones Criticas non hujus loci esse nonnullis forsan videbitur: attamen cum C. Plinii Historia Naturalis à Mendis quam plurimis, quibus incuriâ scriptorum ubiq;
An account of the several species of infinite quantity, and of the proportions they bear one to the other, as it was read before the Royal Society
Authors: Halley Edmond
Published: December 2006

That all magnitudes infinitely great, or such as exceed any assignable Quantity, are equal among themselves, though it be vulgarly received for a Maxim, is not yet so common as it is erroneous;
An account of the cause of the change of the variation of the magnetical needle. with an hypothesis of the structure of the internal parts of the earth: as it was proposed to the Royal Society in one of their late meetings
Authors: Halley Edmond
Published: December 2006

Some years since I published in these Transactions, (Numb. 148.) a Theory of the Variation of the Magnetical Compass, wherein having collected as many Observations as at that time I could procure, and having carefully compared them together, I came at length to this general conclusion,
That the Globe of the Earth might be supposed to be on great Magnet, having four Magnetical Poles or Points of Attraction, near each Pole of the Equator two
:
I. A letter from Monsieur N. Witsen to Dr. Martin Lister, S. R. S. with two draughts of the ruins of Persepolis
Authors: Witsen Nicolaus
Published: December 2006

This ingenious and inquisitive gentleman having already often obliged the world with communications of his discoveries, lately sent the following letter with the draughts to Dr. Lister, who was pleased to permit their publication in these tracts: The greatness of the curiosity we hope will recommend them to the lovers of antiquity, little of those famous remains having been yet publisht, and those that have been, but ill designed or graved.
IV. An abstract of a letter from Mr. Samuel Dale, to Dr. William Briggs, M. D. F. R. S. concerning a contumacious jaundise, accompanied with a very odd case in vision
Authors: Dale Samuel
Published: December 2006

Sir, that you might not think me unmindful of my promise to you when you were at Braintree; I have here sent you the account of my patient Grace Dennis, of Braxsted Magna, in this county of Essex, which you did desire of me.
V. Librorum manuscriptorum Academiarum Oxonientis & Cantabrigientis, & celebrium per Angliam Hiberniamque bibliothecarum catalogus cum indice alphabetico, Cura Edvardi Bernardi. Tomis duobus in folio
Authors: Bernard Edward
Published: December 2006

Tomi primi pars prima Catalogi librorum mauscriptorum bibliotheca Bodleianæ
IV. The extract of a letter from Mr. Mark Lewis, confirming the same operation on other persons
Authors: Lewis Mark
Published: December 2006

She put the case beyond all dispute; (1.) By shewing me the head of the worm in the orifice before she extracted it. (2.) He was still sensible of their approach before she could fee them. (3.) She designed, what he intended to have done, that an incision shall when he comes to town, be made in the place, that if worms be not then found, she may then be well spoken of.
VI. The extract of another letter from Mr. Anthony Van Leuwenhock, to the Royal Society; concerning the difference of timber growing in different countries, and felled at different seasons of the year
Authors: Leeuwenhoek Antoni Van
Published: December 2006

As to the difference of timber felled in winter from that felled in the summer, the common opinion is, that the former is the stronger, and more lasting, as being more close and firm; but his own sentiment is, that there is no difference, except in the bark and outermost ring of the wood, which in the summer are softer, and so more easily pierced by the worm.
I. A paper asserting some mathematical inventions to their true authors
Authors: Gregory David
Published: December 2006

Nobilissimo & doctissimo Viro D. Roberto Southwell, equiti aurato Societatis Regia Prasidi Dignissimo, S. D. David Gregory, Astr. Prof. Savilianus. Cum legerem nuper evulgatam ab abbate galloys historiam eorum quæ juissu Societatis Regiæ Gallorum Parisiis anno superire edita spectant ad mathematicos, visum est, quondam ita jubes, ad te circa rem illam hæc percribere.
IV. An account of a lamb suckled by a weather sheep for several months after the death the ewe
Authors: Kirke Thomas
Published: December 2006

Honoured Sir, The other day I dined with a neighbouring gentleman (Sir William Lowther) where I met with something that to us seemed remarkable: he had this year an wwe that had two Lambs, and she dying, left them young to shift for themselves; one of them was entertained by a weather sheep (aries castratus) amongst above an hundred other sheep
I. Part of two letters from Mr. Edward Lhwyd, keeper of the Ashmolean repository in Oxford, to Mr. Samuel Dale of Braintree in Essex, concerning fossils
Authors: Lhuyd Edward
Published: December 2006

The state of these bodies is quite different in your parts from what it is in
Wales
and
Ireland
. In those countries the shells are generally
crystalline
, but with you (and sometimes hereabouts) they are
testaceous
: which difference is doubtless to be attributed to the soil. and particularly to your chalk and flint, which not by chance of
diluvian dissolution
) got into the
north
part of
Ireland
.
II. A letter from Mr. Samuel Dale to Mr. Edward Lhwyd, Keeper of the Ashmolean Repository in Oxford, concerning Harwich Cliff, and the fossil shells there.
Authors: Dale Samuel
Published: December 2006

Sir, That I have been so long before I answer'd your kind letters,I shall only offer one reason in excuse, which is my being desirous of making another Tour to Harwich, &c.
IV. Defectus lunæ observatio, die solis 12° Decembris, habita prope mercatorium regium Londini, a J. Hodgson R. S. S. tempore matutino, A. 1703
Authors: Hodgson James
Published: December 2006

Parato Telescopio pedum duodecim longitudine eoque ad altitudinem idoneam sublato hora quarta matutina, non levis mihi affulsit spes, fore, ut ipsum Eclipseos initium perciperem
VI. Cuculus lævis cæruleo flavescens, cui in supremo capite bronchiarum opercula. Or, the yellow gurnard.
Authors: Tyson Edward
Published: December 2006

If we may justly infer on Identity of Species in Fishes, from the likeness of their fins, we have then some ground to conclude, that this fish (l am giving an account of, and which has not hitherto been described by any, as I know of) ought to be referred to the Gurnard kind.
IV. Experiments about the motion pendulums in vacuo
Authors: Derham William
Published: December 2006

I have long desired to know, whether there be any, or what difference, between the
vibration of pendulums in vacuo
, and the air.
V. An account of very large stones voided per urethram. In a letter from Mr Edw. Lhwyd, keeper of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, to Dr Hans Sloane, S. R. S.
Authors: Lhuyd Edward
Published: December 2006

I make bold to trouble you with a copy of a paper I receiv’d from Dr Bullen, a Physician in Cheshire together with a figure of the stones he mentions.
III. Part of a letter from Mr Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek, F. R. S. to John Chamberlayne, Esq; F. R. S. concerning the vitrifyed salts of calcin'd hay
Authors: Leeuwenhoek Antoni Van
Published: December 2006

I have receiv'd your letter, where in you relate that a great Hay-rick upon salisbury plain, after some reaking and fermentation took fire, and was wholly consum'd but that whereas the ashes commonly lye loose and scatter'd abroad, they were condens'd into a firm, but very light substance, and the there were several cart-loads of it; whereof you carried a piece to the Royal Society, who judged that the same was vitrified and calcin'd together by a particular heat.
V. Part of a letter from Mr Ralph Thoresby, F. R. S. to Dr Hans Sloane, S. R. S. Concerning a leaden coffin, &c. taken out of a Roman burying-place near York
Authors: Thoresby Ralph
Published: December 2006

Being lately at York, I went (as usually) to Mr Montague Gyles's, to enquire if his servants had retrieved any thing curious in the Roman burying-place; where, in digging clay for bricks, they frequently find urns, &c.
V. Part of two letters from the Reverend Dr Rich Wroe, warden of Manchester colledge, to Dr Hans Sloane, S. R. S. concerning horn-like excrescences growing on the fingers, & c
Authors: Rich
Published: December 2006

Sir, There lives at Bolton (8 miles from this Town) one
Nathaniel Hulme
, aged about 17, who had the Small Pox about 8 years of ago: Soon after which he had a great Itch, almost to the degree of a Leprosie, with which his Finger nails and Thumb-nails began to grow thick, and by degress hardned into Horns; which grew in 7 or 8 months to the length of an Inch, and some almost 2 Inches, and some much longer.
II. A register of the weather for the Year 1692, kept at Oates in Essex
Authors: Locke John
Published: December 2006

I Herewith send you the Copy of my Register of the Weather, from the 9th of
Decemb
. 1691. to the end of the year 1692.
V. An experiment on the descent of malt dust in the evacuated receiver, at Gresham college
Authors: Hauksbee Francis
Published: December 2006

I took some malt dust, and having well dryed the same, put a quantity of it into a fine muslin bag, where being loosely inclos'd, would upon shaking discover it self plentifully in the open air, undulating and floating a considerable time before it would descend; but being included within a receiver, from which the air was well exhausted; and then shaken, the dust defended as a pon­derous body, precipitating in strait lines from the top to the bottom of a tall receiver.
I. Mineralia quœdam, conchylia petrefacta, & alia fossilia éberolina a clariss. Christian. Maximiliano Spenero, Doct. Med. Reg. Pruss. Aul. Acad. S. R. I. Cur. & Soc. Scient. Reg. Bradenburg. Colleg. ad amicum suum curiosissimum D. Jacob. Petiver, Pharmacop. Londin. & Societ. Reg. Soc. missa
Authors: Spener Christian Maximilain , Petiver James
Published: December 2006

1. Mytuli
Margaritifero
colore splendentes petrefacti, in quorum parte diversa minutissimi
Turbines
petrefacti apparent: Ex tractu Moguntino
prope
Rhenum.
VIII. A letter from Mr Ralph Thoresby, F. R. S. concerning a Roman inscription lately found at York, &c
Authors: Thoresby Ralph
Published: December 2006

The
Roman
Monument lately discovered at
York
(which you desire an account of) was found in digging a Cellar in
Coning-street
, not far from the
Roman
Wall and Multaugular Tower, that Dr
Lister
has given so curious and particular a Description of.
II. De quadrupedibus philippensibus tractat. a Reverendo Georg. Jos. Camel, transmissus Jacobo Petiver, pharmacop, & Societ. Regiæ Soc. Londini
Authors: Kamel Georg Joseph
Published: December 2006

Cercopithecus
Luzonis
minimus.
VI. Part of a letter from the Reverend Mr W. Derham, F. R. S. concerning a glade of light observed in the Heavens.
Authors: Derham William
Published: December 2006

As l was observing the Immersions of the 3d and 4th Satellite of h on the 20th of this month in the Evening, I espyed a very odd fort of Light in the Constellation of ŏ, the lower end of which was below the Bull’s Eye, and the other a good way above it, and that Star about the middle of the lower end thereof, as in Fig. 3. which doth represent its appearance to me.
VII. An account of an experiment made before the Royal Society, touching the proportion of the weight of air, to the weight of a like bulk of water, without knowing the quantity of either
Authors: Hauksbee Francis
Published: December 2006

I took a Bottle somewhat of an Oval form, (which I had purposely caus’d to be made so, that it might with more ease Librate in Water.) It held more than three Gallons, (but how much we have no occasion to know.) Into this Bottle I put as much Lead as would sink it under the surface of the Water, and was, when weigh’d in that Element, Ballanc’d by a small Weight in the Scale on the other end of the Beam.
IX. The construction and properties of a new quadratrix to the [Hyperbola, By Mr... Perks. Communicated by Mr Abr. De Moivre, F. R. S
Authors: Perks
Published: December 2006

The
Circle
,
Ellipsis
and
hyberbola
being not geometrically Quadrable (as infinite others) there have been two ways .made use of to find their
Area's
. 1. By
Converging Series
, whereby
Approaches
are made nearer and nearer, according to the exactness desir’d. 2. By
Quadratices
, that is, Mechanical curves, which determine the Length of certain lines, whose Squares or Rectangles give the Area of the Figure desir’d.
III. A letter from Mr Samuel Dale to Hans Sloane, R. S. Secr, giving an account of what manuscripts were left by Mr John Ray, together with some anatomical observations made at Padua by the said Mr Ray
Authors: Dale Samuel , Ray John
Published: December 2006

Herewith you will receive divers
Anatomical Observations
, that were made at
Padua
, by our late learned and most ingenious Friend the Reverend Mr
John Ray
, upon the dissection of some Humane Bodies, by that great Anatomist
Seignior Antonio Marchetti
, and do contain, besides those things which Mr
Ray
did himself remarks, divers Observations of the Operators which did not occur in those Bodies, to some of which Mr
Ray
hath added Notes.
IV. An account of an experiment, confirming one lately made, touching the production of light, by the effluvia of one glass falling on another in motion.
Authors: Hauksbee Francis
Published: December 2006

Having observ'd that the effluvia of glass were capable of exhibiting a phenomenon falling on an exhausted glass in motion, as if rub'd by a visible solid body, (as I lately show'd before this Honourable Society;) I thought a farther confirmation of the same, would not be unacceptable.
VI. An account of balls of hair taken from the uterus and ovaria of several women
Authors: Yonge James
Published: December 2006

In November 1705, I was call'd to deliver a Woman 30 Years old, who had 4 Days laboured in vain to bring forth her first Child:
VII. An account of the Cape of Good Hope
Authors: Maxwell John
Published: December 2006

The
Cape of Good Hope
, which is part of
Monomotapa
, and the Southernmost part of
Africa
, lies in the Latitude of 34 Degrees 30 Minutes South, and 16 Degrees 15 Minutes East of
London
.
VIII. Epistola, in qua ratio redditur libri nuper editi, cui Iitulus, De arthritide anomala, sive interna, dissertatio, Auctore Guilhelmo musgrave, M. D. Coll. Med. Lond. and reg. societ. socio
Authors: Musgrave William
Published: December 2006

Viro Clarissimo, Hans Sloane, Med. Doct. Regiæ Societatis a Secretis, S. P. D. Guith. Musgrave.
II. A letter to the Royal Society from Mr. Anthony Van Leeuwenkoek, F. R. S. concerning the whiteness on the tongue in fevers. &c.
Authors: Leeuwenhoek Antoni Van
Published: December 2006

I have been long of opinion, that our tongue is of such a form, that when it is found and of good condition, it does not only communicate to the body whatever is agreeable to it self, but also admits one part of the matter that lies upon it, into the manifold vessels of which it is composed ; insomuch that by the veins it's communicated to the heart, and serves for nourishment to the body, and strengthening of a well constituted tongue.
III. Part of a Letter from Dr. Scipio des-Moulins, to Dr. Hans Sloane, R. S. Secr. concerning a mineral water at Canterbury
Authors: des-Moulins Scipio
Published: December 2006

A Bout twelve Years ago a Mineral Water was accidentally detected in this City.
V. Part of a letter from Richard Waller, Esq; S. R. S. to Dr. Hans Sloane, R. S. Secr. concerning two deaf persons, who can speak and understand is said to them by the motion of the lips
Authors: Waller Richard
Published: December 2006

There live now, and have from their Birth in our Town, a Man and his Sister, each about 50 Years Old, neither of which have the least sense of Hearing 5 they both live by their daily Labour, yet both these Persons know by the motion of the Lips only, whatever is said to them, and will answer pertinently to the Question proposed to them of any thing within their Capacity, and are both very intelligent, as far as can be expected from their Education.
VI. A relation of a deaf and dumb person, who recover'd his speech and hearing after a violent fever: with some other medicinal and chirungical observations. By Mr. Martin Martin
Authors: Martin Martin
Published: December 2006

Daniel Fraser
, a Native of
Straharig
, some six miles from
Inverness
, continued Deaf Dumb from his Birth, till the Seventeenth Year of his Age.
II. Microscopical observations on the blood vessels and membranes of the intestines. In a letter to the Royal Society from Mr. Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek, F. R. S.
Authors: Leeuwenhoek Antoni Van
Published: December 2006

I take the liberty to acquaint your honours, that Professor Bidloo came to my house March 7, desiring me that he might view thro' a microscope a little piece of gut, which, he said, was part of the bowels of a woman
I. An account of the repetition of an experiment touching motion given bodies included in a glass, by the approach of a finger near its outside: with other experiments on the effluvia of glass
Authors: Hauksbee Francis
Published: December 2006

This experiment having been but imperfectly made before, I thought a repetition such a surprising phænomenon would not be unacceptable to the Society, seeing, not only the apparatus was better adapted, but the appearance was much more conspicuous. For it was observable, that after the motion and attrition had been continu´d about 2 or 3 minutes, and then ceasing, the threads within seem´d to hang in a careless confusion, and were not instantaneously erected, but in about 3 or 4 seconds of time they were so, every way towards the circumference of the glass; and seemingly with so much stourness, that a motion of the glass alone would give them no great disorder