bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVENCIJA INTERNET NASILJA KROZ ČAS ODELJENJSKE ZAJEDNICE
Authors: Žunić Fikreta
Published: September 2019

Prema statističkim podacima SAD današnja omladina u dobi 13-17 godina- 92% tinejdžera svakodnevno provodi vreme na internetu- društvenim mrežama, preko 80% mladih je žrtva internet nasilja, a preko 70% njih je doživelo zlostavljanje samo zbog izgleda (American SPCC, 2014; United States Government, 2017). Škola kao vaspitno-obrazovna institucija nastoji da pomogne učenicima da mirnim putem rešavaju nesuglasice koje nastaju iz različitih razloga, npr. nezdrava komunikacija u stvarnom ili čak virtualnom svetu. Tokom protekle decenije na radnom mestu pedagoga, autor je registrovao mnoge konfliktne situacije između učenika uzrokovane isključivo aktivnostima na društvenim mrežama. Ipak, nemoguće je zabraniti njihovo korištenje. Zbog toga, škola ima obavezu da poduči mlade ljude o negativnim efektima ili komplikacijama usled neadekvatnog korištenja interneta što se može realizovati kroz program Odeljenjske zajednice. Članak ima za cilj identifikaciju oblika internet nasilja kroz interaktivni čas odeljenjske zajednice. Neki od ciljeva jesu podučiti, diskutovati i preventirati internet nasilje među učenicima. Članak donosi praktični vodič za nastavnike kako pripremiti učenike da prepoznaju i izbegnu bilo koji oblik internet nasilja. Rad donosi teoretski koncept i aplikativna rešenja kako čas Odeljenjske zajednice učiniti kreativnim i zanimljivim učenicima.
Technology in Second Language Education: Overcoming the Digital Divide
Authors: Lozano Alexis Adriana , Izquierdo Jesus
Published: September 2019

The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) can help teachers implement valuable instructional tasks where learners use the second language (L2) during input and output tasks, integrating various types of technologies, applications, and websites. Often, educational actors would argue; however, that limited access to ICT prevents teachers from implementing ICT-enhanced L2 instruction in the classroom. In this paper, we revisit that perspective through an exploration of three conditions related to the use of technologies for second language teaching: the digital divide, teacher education, and proper ICT-enhanced task implementation. Building upon a review of theoretical and empirical research on these conditions, we argue that limited access to ICT is not a determinant factor, as teacher education and careful L2 task planning can help teachers maximize the use of the limited resources available in their school contexts.
Probing the evidence: Can we bridge the theory-practice gap in language research? Book Review
Authors: Paquet Pierre-Luc
Published: September 2019

This manuscript reviews Sato and Loewen (Eds.) book "Evidence-Based Second Language Pedagogy: A Collection of Instructed Second Language Acquisition Studies" which aim to provide researchers and L2 teachers with empirical evidence which can inform both SLA theories and L2 teaching.
Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de soja por meio de métodos uni e multivariado
Authors: Barros Hélio Bandeira , Sediyama Tuneo , De Melo Aurélio Vaz , Fidelis Rodrigo Ribeiro , Capone Aristóteles
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade, a estabilidade e a adaptabilidade de 29 genótipos de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], em seis ambientes no Estado do Mato Grosso. O delineamento experimental foi blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Os ensaios foram conduzidos no ano agrícola de 2004/05 nos municípios de Rondonópolis, Campo Verde, Nova Brasilândia e Vera. Para avaliação da adaptabilidade e estabilidade, utilizou-se os métodos de Annicchiarico (1992) e Centróide. O rendimento médio de grãos foi de 3054 kg ha-1 (Rondonópolis III) a 3746 kg ha-1 (Nova Brasilândia), com média geral entre os ambientes de 3292 kg ha-1. Com base nas metodologias de Annicchiarico e Centróide, as linhagens SL 1831, SL 1923, SL 627, SL 2280 e SL 310 foram classificadas como as mais produtivas, adaptadas e estáveis, havendo, portanto, coerência entre tais metodologias. Foram recomendadas as linhagens de soja SL 1831, SL 627, SL 2280 e SL 310 para amplas condições ambientais e a linhagem SL 818 para condições específicas de ambientes favoráveis, tendo em vista a produtividade de grãos.
Qualidade do carvão vegetal para o consumo doméstico
Authors: Rosa Rafael Amorim , Arantes Marina Donária Chaves , Paes Juarez Benigno , Andrade Wendel Sandro de Paula , Moulin Jordão Cabral
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar da qualidade do carvão vegetal, voltado para o consumo doméstico, comercializado nos seguintes municípios do Estado do Espírito Santo: Alegre; Jerônimo Monteiro e Cachoeiro de Itapemirim. Foram analisadas características do carvão vegetal, tais como a densidade relativa aparente, umidade, teor de materiais voláteis, teor de cinzas, teor de carbono fixo, poder calorífico superior, análise elementar e os resultados foram comparados com os parâmetros exigidos pelo Selo Premium do Estado de São Paulo. Verificou-se que, apenas uma amostra no município de Alegre e outra amostra no município de Jerônimo Monteiro não apresentaram qualidade satisfatória para o consumo doméstico. Já no município de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, todas as amostras apresentaram melhores qualidades físicas e químicas, em média, quando comparado aos carvões comercializados nos outros dois municípios, todavia, não atendiam às especificações do Selo Premium em razão da alta umidade.
Efeito do nitrogênio em genótipos de feijão cultivados em várzea úmida irrigada do Estado do Tocantins
Authors: De Sousa Sérgio Alves , Silva Joedna , Venâncio José Luiz , De Oliveira Taynar Coelho , Barros Hélio Bandeira , Fidelis Rodrigo Ribeiro
Published: September 2019

A cultura do feijoeiro apresenta enorme importância sócioeconômica para o Brasil e tem na adubação nitrogenada um dos fatores mais limitantes. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada em genótipos de feijão comum cultivados em solos de várzea irrigada do Estado do Tocantins. O estudo foi conduzido em dois experimentos (alto e baixo nitrogênio) com delineamento em blocos casualizados, sendo avaliados 25 genótipos, em três repetições. As características avaliadas foram altura de inserção de primeira vagem, altura de planta, número de vagens por planta, número de grãos por vagem, massa de cem grãos e produtividade de grãos. Os genótipos estudados apresentaram aptidão para colheita mecanizada e também resposta positiva a adubação nitrogenada. O genótipo CNFC-10467 destacou-se apresentando potencial para o cultivo em áreas de várzea irrigada do Estado do Tocantins.
Potencial produtivo de genótipos de feijão comum em função do estresse de fósforo no Estado do Tocantins
Authors: De Oliveira Taynar Coelho , Silva Joedna , De Sousa Sérgio Alves , Campestrini Raphael , Fidelis Rodrigo Ribeiro
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o potencial produtivo de 11 cultivares de feijoeiro submetidas ao estresse por fósforo. A pesquisa foi realizada na área experimental da “Universidade Federal do Tocantins - Campus Universitário de Gurupi”. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados completos, com quatro repetições. Para representar um ambiente estressante, 20 kg ha-1 de P2O5 foram aplicados no momento da semeadura. As características avaliadas foram: altura da planta, altura da inserção da primeira vagem, diâmetro do caule, número de vagens, número de ganhos por vagem, cem ganhos de massa, índice de clorofila a, b, produtividade total e de grãos. Concluiu-se que os genótipos IPR-Eldorado e IPR-Colibri apresentaram o melhor potencial de rendimento em condições de estresse por fósforo. Mesmo sob estresse com fósforo, a maioria das cultivares apresentou altura de planta e altura da primeira vagem adequadas aos sistemas de cultivo mecanizado.
Luminol in the forensic science
Authors: Da Silva Rafaela Rogiski , Agustini Bruna Carla , Da Silva André Luís Lopes , Frigeri Henrique Ravanhol
Published: September 2019

In a crime scene, the collection of evidence and a subsequent laboratory analysis compose the fundamental steps to allow the expert to reveal the truth for the final verdict in a jury and to bring back the comfort to the victim’s family. Bloodstains are usually found and sent to laboratories as a vestige to unravel the origin of the material. However, some scenes are modified in order to conceal the real culprit for the criminal act. For these cases, the luminol reagent can be useful. This test is very often used to visualize occult blood. Luminol is considered the most sensitive test once it can identify the blood presence in scale of nanograms. When this reagent comes into contact with blood,the light emission occurs through a phenomenon known as  chemiluminescence. This luminescence can be produced by other interfering compounds, leading to a misinterpretation for the presence of blood. Despite this shortcoming, the present review article highlights the indispensability of the reagent luminol on a crime scene.
Influência de corantes na estabilidade oxidativa de amostras de biodiesel
Authors: Dos Santos Gemima , Trindade Magno Aparecido , Ferreira Valdir de Souza , De Oliveira Lincoln Carlos Silva , Vila Nova Paulo César Cavalcante , Arruda Eduardo José
Published: September 2019

A viabilidade do uso da dyequinizarina (QNZ) na estabilidade oxidativa de amostras de biodiesel de soja foi estudada neste trabalho. O trabalho apresenta parâmetros indicativos da oxidação do biodiesel sob degradação térmica através de medidas de seu valor ácido, peróxido e dienos e trienos conjugados. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o antioxidante comportamento / desempenho da corantequinizarina (QNZ) juntamente com o antioxidante terc - butil-hidroquinona (TBHQ) na concentração de 5mg L-1, um possível sinergismo entre essas duas substâncias. As amostras foram caracterizadas por análises físico-químicas e UV / Vis espectrofotométricas (200-400 nm). As análises do número de ácido e peróxido foram consistentes com a absorvância a 232 e 270 nm, pois em ambas as análises foi detectado aumento na oxidação das amostras de biodiesel durante o período de armazenamento e / ou degradação térmica.
Comunidade infestante sob duas condições de irrigação na cultura do arroz de sequeiro
Authors: Terra Thiago Gledson Rios , Leal Tarcísio Castro Alves de Barros , Nunes Thomas Vieira , Erasmo Eduardo Andrea Lemus , Tavares Tarliane Martins , Cardoso Dione Pereira
Published: September 2019

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as plantas daninhas e a massa seca na cultura do arroz de terras altas, sob duas condições de irrigação (com e sem estresse seco). O experimento foi instalado na Estação Experimental do Campus de Gurupi-TO, pertencente à Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT). O levantamento das plantas daninhas foi realizado até o final do ciclo reprodutivo das plantas de arroz, pelo método de amostragem, sendo os mesmos, coletados para avaliar a massa seca. Entre as famílias de plantas daninhas encontradas no experimento, foi evidenciada ocorrência de menor número (8 famílias) em área com estresse seco em relação à área sem estresse (9 famílias). O número de espécies unidas foi o mesmo (13 espécies) em ambas as áreas, apresentando variação de acordo com o ambiente da cultura. As espécies mais destacadas digitariam Digitariahorizontalis e Emilia sonchifolia para ambas as condições. As plantas daninhas, na condição de estresse seco, tenderam a apresentar menor massa seca quando comparadas àquelas sob condição sem estresse por deficiência hídrica.
Universal Scaling Laws of Origami Paper Springs
Authors: Sun Bohua
Published: September 2019

This letter solves an open question of paper spring risen by Yoneda (2019). Universal scaling laws of a paper spring are proposed by using both dimensional analysis and data fitting. It is found that spring force obeys power square law of spring extension, however strong nonlinear to the total twist angle. Without doing any additional works, we have successfully generalize the scaling laws for Poisson ratio 0.3 to the materials with an arbitrary Poisson's ratio with the help of dimensional analysis.
DEVELOPING WEB-BASED TUTORIAL VIDEO LEARNING MEDIA TO IMPROVE STUDENTS ONLINE MARKETING LEARNING OUTCOME AT SMK NEGERI SUKOHARJO
Authors: Kusuma Dwi Hendra , Martono Trisno , Wardani Dewi Kusuma
Published: September 2019

The aim of this research is to develop learning media using Online Marketing Video Learning Information System technology which can be accessed online, and improve the learning outcomes in Online Marketing learning at Vocational High School in Sukoharjo. The method used in this research is Research and Development methods that apply the media to students in grade X of Marketing Vocational High School, Sukoharjo especially in online marketing program. The research was examined by procedure steps of preliminary research, development and testing steps. The steps of video development cover collecting material, making storyboard, surveying, producing media, and applying media. The information system development steps involve Communication, Planning, Modelling, Construction and Deployment. Data analysis techniques applied in this research is a simple descriptive analysis. The research compares between the Pre test and Post test result to find out the result of study. This research was expected to increase the result of study in Online Marketings learning.
KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK KERUPUK JANTUNG PISANG KEPOK (Musa Paradisiaca balbisiana) DENGAN SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG MOCAF (MODIFIKASI CASSAVA)
Authors: Zulfa Fitriyah , Mudzakiroh Susi
Published: September 2019

Kerupuk is the most favourite snack in Indonesia. Kepok Banana flower (musa paradisiaca balbisiana) as the base componen of kerupuk bananan flower to up grade the economic margin. Substitution mocaf flavor from tapioca flavor to produce kerupuk without gluten. This research aim is to know chemical and organoleptic characteristic kerupuk bananan flower substituted with mocaf (modificated cassava). This product use banana kepok flower, mocaf with formula 90%:10%. Blend banana flower to smallest size, mix with mocaf and spice, steam 5 minute, and dry with cabinet drying 6 hour 50 0C to proseses it. Chemical characteristic show water  level is 2%, protein is 0,37% and viber is 7 %. Organoleptic characteristic of banana flower with sensory analisis show mean score colour 5,2 (nearly like), score taste 6 (like), score tecsture 5,8 (like), score shape 4,7 (nearly like)and overall score are 5,7 (like). Suggested to make more innovation to produce banana flower mocaf crispy with more attractive in colour and shape.
Pelatihan Pengembangan Materi Ajar dalam Bentuk Media Power Point pada Materi Struktur Luar Tumbuhan
Authors: Jalil Muhamad
Published: September 2019

The challenge of the 21st century is how teachers as much as possible integrate learning with information technology. Lecturers often find slides prepared by students when the presentation is not good, for example: full text and not contrast. The purpose of this study is to explain how the implementation, response, constraints, and difficulties during the development of materials in the form of a powerpoint slide on the material outside the plant structure. The research approach is based on qualitative research. Data obtained from questionnaires, interviews, and observations on PGMI students Semester 4 academic year 2017/2018. Data analysis using Miles and Haberman version. The results showed that the implementation of the training through three stages of pre-training, training and evaluation. Training includes 10 menus, namely: making titles, core competencies, basic competencies, indicators, concept maps, aperception, sub material outside structure in plants, insert windows media player, practice questions, and compile learning resources. All the trainees were pleased with the material development training through the presentation slides, 75% said they were useful, and 87.25% said Powerpoint training was something new. The material difficulties faced by students are 50% in the form of structure and content, 25% are Powerpoint templates, 12.5% difficulties create hyperlinks and insert windows video player. Technical obstacles faced in general are 62.5% in the form of time settings, 25% HR, and 12,% laptop supplies are limited.
Pengembangan Panduan Pembuatan Media Taktil yang Diaplikasikan Dalam Pembelajaran IPA
Authors: Kholifah Nur
Published: September 2019

This research had purpose to develop of the creating tactile media applied to science learning. It can be done because of learning science in elementary school today still require effort to meet the expectations of the applicable curriculum. Creativity and cognitive learning outcomes of children towards science learning was very low. Difficulties they earn require concrete media in learning. This study aimed to apply the guidance manufacture tactile media to create media that was applied in science learning is then seen its effectiveness against creativity and cognitive learning outcomes of students. The subjects were students 4th grades elementary school Entalsewu 2016/2017 as many as 25 students. The result showed that the general guidelines developed was in good category, with a value of N-Gain creativity test results, obtained in the posttest and pretest with a range of scores 0.9, which means the higher the score range. The overall of testing the cognitive learning classically posttest were complete with a percentage of 100%.
Deskripsi Kesulitan Belajar Materi Fisika pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Di Kota Semarang
Authors: Haqiqi Arghob Khofya , Sa’adah Latifatus
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan dan mendeskripsikan jenis jenis kesulitan belajar fisika pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) di Kota Semarang. Sampel penelitian dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa SMP kelas VIII di Kota Semarang yang ditentukan secara cluster sampling menurut peringkat sekolah dilihat dari hasil nilai ujian nasional. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif, data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini berupa data hasil belajar siswa pada materi cahaya kelas VIII.

Hasil dari analisis hasil belajar siswa tersebut didapatkan kesulitan belajar fisika siswa SMP di Kota Semarang secara umum meliputi indikator kesulitan belajar berhitung 41,48 %, kesulitan pemahaman konsep 42,3 % serta kesulitan mengartikan lambang dan mengkoversi satuan 37,89 %.
Adanya deskripsi kesulitan belajar ini dapat dijadikan acuan oleh penulis lain untuk dapat mengurangi kesulitan belajar yang dialami oleh siswa dengan penerapan model dan metode pembelajaran yang lebih efektif dan sesuai.
Peningkatan Soft Skill Kerja Sama Dan Pemahaman Konsep Peserta Didik Kelas VIII MTs Ma’arif NU 1 Patikraja Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning
Authors: Mahmudah Laely
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menerapkan model Problem Based Learning dalam Pembelajaran IPA Kelas VIII MTs Ma’arif NU 1 Patikraja dan (2) meningkatkan soft skill kerja sama dan pemahaman konsep peserta didik kelas VIII pada mata pelajaran IPA. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Prosedur meliputi dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Penelitian bertempat di MTs Ma’arif NU 1 Patikraja. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi, angket, dan tes (pre test post test). Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning meliputi lima langkah, yaitu: mengorientasi peserta didik kepada masalah; mengorganisasikan peserta didik; membimbing penyelidikan individu dan kelompok; mengembangkan dan menyajikan hasil karya; dan menganalisa dan mengevaluasi proses pemecahan masalah. (2) hasil observasi selama proses pembelajaran, perbaikan dalam pembelajaran, dan hasil pre test post test menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan soft skill kerja sama dan pemahaman konsep peserta didik pada materi alat optik. (3) rata-rata hasil pre test post test peserta didik pada siklus I sebesar 66,52 dan pada siklus II sebesar 75,43. Peserta didik mengalami peningkatan ketuntasan belajar dari siklus I sebesar 39% menjadi 83% pada siklus II.
Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Berbasis EMC (Education Mini Club) sebagai Solusi Menghadapi Tantangan Pendidikan dI Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Wulandari Ayik , Handayani Putri , Prasetyo Dody Rahayu
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan alam (IPA) dengan menggunakan metode Education Mini Club (EMC) sebagai solusi dalam menghadapi tantangan pendidikan diera revolusi 4.0 penelitian ini di lakukan karena adanya proses pembelajaran yang kurang sesuai dengan keadaan siswa yang tidak suka dengan metode pembelajaran yang monoton.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode observasi lapangan yang artinya pengamatan secara langsung dilapangan. Pelaksanaan pengamatan yang dilakukan di MTs Nu Ibtidaul Falah yang mendapatkan analisis data adanya peningkatan hasil belajar dengan menggunakan metode Education Mini Club (EMC) data tersebut di dapat dari hasil nilai pree test ( sebelum di terapkan nya medode Educatin Mini Club (EMC) di bandingkan dengan nilai setelah di terapkanya metode EMC ini hasil nilai yang diperoleh lebih bagus setelah di terapkannya metode EMC. Sebelum di terapkannya ada beberapa siswa yang belum mncapai kriteria ketuntasan minimum (KKM) yang di tetapkan pihak sekolah setelah di terapakan metode EMC ini siswa semua telah mencapai KKM.

 

 
Internet utilization for health information and its associated factors among undergraduate students in Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia - A cross sectional study
Authors: Derseh Mintesnot Hawaze , Gashu Kassahun Dessie , Meshesha Tekeba , Ashenafi Baye , Wolde Abebe Getachew , Umuro Desta Samuel
Published: September 2019

Background: Utilization of Internet is critical to retrieve health information particularly for countries where health care delivery system is incongruent with its population otherwise it could be difficult to address all health problems of the people with limited health professionals. This study sought to determine the magnitude of the Internet use for health information and its associated factors.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the status of Internet utilization to access health information and its associated factors among the undergraduate students in Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted among 845 undergraduate students who were selected by Stratified multi-stage sampling from 19 randomly selected departments of Addis Ababa University. Data were collected from March to April 2019 using a pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data were entered in to Epi-Info version 7 and exported to the SPSS version 23 for analysis. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between the study and outcome variables. Result: Almost all 761 (98.8%) of the University students have ever used the Internet for general purposes. Among these the proportion of Internet use, about 59.1% (95% CI: 55.5-62.7) of them used the Internet for health information. Adjusting for all other factors in the final model, Digital health literacy (AOR=1.656, 95% CI: (1.143, 2.397), field of study (AOR= 0.025, 95% CI: (0.007, 0.087), year of study (AOR= 1.609, 95% CI: (1.130, 2.290), and computer device ownership (AOR= 2.314, 95% CI: (1.392, 3.844) were found to be significantly associated with the Internet use for health information.Conclusion: The proportion of Internet use for health information was found to be lower. Digital health literacy, being health science student, year of study and computer ownership were found to be important predictors.
Application and research of loop-mediated isothermal amplification and lateral flow dipstick in detection of Porcine circovirus type 3
Authors: Wang Yan , Han Xianjie , Shi Jianli , Peng Zhe , Wu Xiaoyan , Wang Shuo , Sun Panpan , Xin Changxun , Liu Yuwei , Xu Shaojian , Li Jun
Published: September 2019

Background：Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is a newly detected pathogen from pigs in the past few years. As the infection rate of PCV3 in the herd is getting higher and wider, the infection is more and more serious. The virus with unclear clinical symptoms and pathogenesis is also paid more and more attention. And detection of pathogenic antibodies has become an important issue. Methods:In this experiment, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was combined with Lateral flow dipstick (LFD) to establish a rapid and convenient detection method (LAMP-LFD). Results:The results showed that the band was darkened at a nucleic acid concentration of 0.2 pg/ μL using a conventional PCR method, and a clear detection line was observed at a nucleic acid concentration of 0.2 fg/μL using the LAMP-LFD method. The primer and hybridization probe are only compatible with PCV3.Compared to the PCR method, the LAMP-LFD method has a shorter time (about 1 h) and requires less instrumentation. Conclusions: The test results show that the LAMP-LFD method has extremely high sensitivity and specificity. The operation is simple and quick. The visual effect of the detection results is better than that of PCR and single LAMP test, which can bring convenience in practical production applications.
Do neutrophil- lymphocyte, platelet-lymphocyte ratio correlate with pathological outcomes in localized renal tumors?
Authors: camtosun ahmet , Topcu Ibrahim
Published: September 2019

Background: We investigated the association of the blood parameters such as neutrophil, platelet accounts and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with tumor type, tumor size and Fuhrman grade in nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases. Methods: A total of 343 patients with nonmetastatic (T1- 4N0M0) RCC were included into the study. The patients were divided into four groups: clear cell (group-1), papillary (group-2), chromophobes (group-3) and other pathologies (group-4). In each grouping systems, the NLR, white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values were compared. Results: There were 222 patients with clear cell (group-1), 62 papillary (group-2), 16 chromophobes (group-3) and 43 patients with other pathologies (group-4). There was a significant difference between the groups in group-1 and group-3 in terms of white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), lymphocyte and neutrophil count. However, there was no significant difference between the groups by the surveys in terms of Neutrophil / Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) values. There was no significantly difference between survival and NLR either. Conclusion: NLR is a cheap and easy parameter to calculate but is not suitable to predict tumor prognosis and survival yet. NLR cut-off value is the biggest problem for now. But evidences show, we are too close to overcome this problem.
Relationship between Traumatic Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Flood Victims: Roles of Fear and Self-Disclosure
Authors: Quan Lijuan , Lv Bijun , Zhou Xiao , Hou Guanghai , Sang Qingsong
Published: September 2019

Background: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one of the most prevalent psychopathologies experienced by victims following natural disasters. The severity of traumatic experience may be a critical risk factor for the development of PTSD. Nevertheless, other factors may also lead to PTSD. We propose that fear and self-disclosure could be two important factors. Previous studies have examined their unique roles in PTSD, but their combined role in PTSD has been rarely assessed. To fill this gap, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between severity of traumatic exposure, fear, self-disclosure, and PTSD among victims following flood disaster. Methods: one hundred ninety-nine participants completed self-report questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were obtained using SPSS 17.0 and Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to obtain correlations between major variables. Results: results indicated that severity of traumatic exposure not only had a direct effect on PTSD, but also it had an indirect effect on PTSD via activating victims’ fear. Moreover, self-disclosure played a buffering role between fear and PTSD. However, the role of fear in PTSD may decrease with increases in levels of self-disclosure. Conclusions: Traumatic exposure had positive predictive effects for PTSD and fear. Self-disclosure had negative predictive effects for PTSD. Fear played a mediating role between severity of traumatic exposure and PTSD, self-disclosure played a moderating role in the relationship between fear and PTSD. Psychological interventions should focus on the regulation of fear and improvement of self-disclosure following traumatic exposure.
Associated Factors of Caesarean Section in Ethiopia Using 2016 Demographic Health Survey Data; Community Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Azene Abebaw Gedef , Aragaw Abiba Mihret , Gedefaw Mihretie
Published: September 2019

Background In Ethiopia, caesarean section delivery has become a popular method preferred by mothers and husbands recently. Identifying associated demographic health factors to increase the rate of caesarean section is desirable in Ethiopia.Methods Community based cross-sectional study design was conducted among women in the reproductive age group (age 15–49) in Ethiopia. The analysis was based on data from mothers who had given at least one birth during the five years preceding the survey. The data are accessed from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey. The study was applied multilevel logistics regression model.Results Mothers were urban residence more undergoing to C-section than those rural. More educated mothers were more delivering with C-section compared with those illiterate. A mother had multiple pregnancy more delivering with c-section than those single pregnancy (p = 0.0001). A mother had been higher body mass index were more likely to delivering with caesarean section than those smaller body mass index (p = 0.0001). Caesarean section was increased when mothers goes to elder (p = 0.0001).Conclusions The finding of this study was mothers education level, Birth order, preceding birth interval, multiple pregnancy, maternal age and interaction effect BMI with household wealth index was statistically significant associated factors to increase rate of caesarean section. Residence and region was community level factors to increase caesarean section delivery. Therefore; community awareness and perception creation towards caesarean section with its side effect is essential in Ethiopia.
Lower levels of TSH in vitamin D sufficient Graves patients and higher rates of vitamin D deficiency in graves patients: a case-control study
Authors: Ahi Salma , Kazemi Mehrdad , Hatemi Naser
Published: September 2019

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased incidence of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Its association with Hashimoto has previously been discussed in several studies, but its role in Graves' disease is yet to be elucidated; the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on hyperthyroid patients regardless of the cause (autoimmune, non-autoimmune and control) ‏. A total of 187 patients were divided into three groups: 74 patients with autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves), 43 non-immune patients (Toxic thyroid adenoma and goiter multi-nodular) and 70 healthy patients as the control group. The primary outcome was the frequency of vitamin D deficient patients and the level of vitamin D in each group. The secondary outcomes were measured as the values ​​of anti-thyroid antibody and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, TSH, T3, and T4. Based on the results, higher levels of TSH were observed in Graves patients who were vitamin D sufficient in comparison to Graves subjects with moderate vitamin D deficiency (P=0.022). Also, vitamin D sufficient control subjects had higher TSH levels than subjects with severe (p<0.0001) and moderate (P<0.0001) vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was more frequent in Graves patients, however the difference was not significant (P-value>0.05). Vitamin D deficiency as an effective factor in thyroid autoimmune diseases is more frequent in autoimmune hyperthyroid disease patients. Moreover, vitamin D sufficient Graves' participants had higher TSH levels compared with vitamin D deficient ones, probably protecting them from developing osteoporosis. Low TSH levels in hyperthyroid patients are one of the osteoporosis risk factors‏.
Are maternal metabolic syndrome and lipid profile associated with preterm delivery and preterm premature rupture of membranes?
Authors: Moghaddam-Banaem Lida , Niyaty Shiva , Sourinejad Hadis , Mokhlesi Samira
Published: September 2019

Objectives We aimed to evaluate the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components and lipid profile in mid-pregnancy with preterm delivery and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted on 203 pregnant women between 24-28 weeks of gestation, undergoing the gestational diabetes screening test with 50 gr glucose challenge test (GCT). Fasting serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high -density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured during the week after GCT assessment. Information on the participants' pre-pregnancy weight, demographic/ reproductive characteristics, and height and blood pressure (BP) measurements were documented at baseline entry into the study. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the co-existence of 3 or more of the following criteria: Body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy≥30 kg/m2, BP≥130/85 mmHg, GCT≥140mg/dl, TG≥150mg/dl, and HDL-C≤50mg/dl. All participants were followed through routine prenatal care, up to delivery. Any deliveries or rupture of membranes of less than or equal to weeks of pregnancy, were considered preterm delivery and PPROM respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS V.20, and p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results MetS was detected in 10 (4.9%) of participants. Logistic regression analysis showed HDL-C levels, and hypertension had significant effects on preterm delivery occurrence [(OR: 0.952, 95%CI: 0.910_0.995), (OR: 1.629, 95% CI: 1.554_1.709) respectively], but no statistically significant results were found for PPROM.Conclusions Low HDL-C levels and hypertension in mid-pregnancy may increase the occurrence of preterm deliveries, indicating that MetS and its components should be monitored more closely in pregnancy.
An institutional mechanism for integrating domestic manufacturing into global value chains
Authors: Deineko Liudmyla , Tsyplitska Olena , Kushnirenko Oksana , Deineko Oleksandr
Published: September 2019

The study reveals the peculiarities of modern global production development due to global value chains (GVCs) formation that allow both developing and developed countries to integrate successfully into international production networks. This research is aimed at identifing key factors responsible for the upstream movement of Ukraine through GVCs and determining locations for production capacities, as well as at developing an institutional mechanism for facilitating the successful integration of domestic producers into GVSs. To achieve this, a multiple linear regression reflecting the interrelation between manufacturing industry share in exports value added and the institutional and economic indicators is analyzed. Three scientific hypotheses are tested and two of them are verified. The multiple linear regression results disclose a significant impact of institutional factors on the country’s ability to participate in GVCs and justify the first hypothesis, namely the higher the government effectiveness and regulatory quality are, the higher the manufacturing value added in exports is. Better governance and administrative functions performance enhance companies’ export potential. The model also verifies the second hypothesis that emphasizes better ability to join GVCs with low and medium technology product than with a high technology one. The model outputs contradict the third hypothesis on the protectionism: high tariffs for imports significantly matter in exports promotion. However, this result should be considered while accounting for the global trend of trade liberalization and Ukraine’s international agreements. The article proposes policy recommendations for improving the positions of Ukraine in GVCs.
Unravelling gendered practices in the public water sector in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Gitta , Clement Floriane
Published: September 2019

Despite decades of gender mainstreaming in the water sector, a wide gap between policy commitments and outcomes remains. This study aims at offering a fresh perspective on such policy gaps, by analysing how gendered discourses, institutions and professional culture contribute to policy gaps. We rely on a conceptual framework originally developed for analysing strategic change, which is used to analyse gender in the public water sector in Nepal. Our analysis relies on a review of national water policies and a series of semi-structured interviews with male and female water professionals from several public agencies. Our findings evidence how dominant discourses, formal rules and professional culture intersect to support and reproduce hegemonic masculine attitudes and practices of water professionals. Such attitudes and practices in turn favour a technocratic implementation of policy measures. We argue that gender equality policy initiatives in the water sector have overly focused on local level formal institutions and have not adequately considered the effects of masculine discourses, norms and culture to be effective in making progress towards gender equity. We conclude with policy recommendations.
Cosmeceuticals: Nanotechnology-Based Strategies for the Delivery of Phytocompounds
Authors: Puglia Carmelo , Santonocito Debora
Published: September 2019

Cosmeceuticals are innovative emerging health and beauty aid products that combine the benefits of
cosmetic active ingredients and often innovative technological solutions of formulation and delivery. For decades,
phytocompounds have been used in cosmetics as sunscreen, moisturizing, antiaging, and skin-based therapy.
When compared to synthetic cosmetic ingredients, phytocompounds are generally milder, have a more favourable
toxicity profile, and are biodegradable. The major concerns in the usage of phytocompounds are their low solubility,
low penetration and physico-chemical instability when applied on the skin. To overcome these issues, different
nanotechnology-based systems have been proposed and some of them are already on the market. Nanotechnologies
can improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble compounds, facilitate skin permeation and increase
their stability against light and temperature. Liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, transfersomes, ethosomes,
nanostructured lipid carriers, and cyclodextrins are examples of nanotechnology-based systems currently in use to
improve the performances of phytocompounds in skin care. This review focuses on cosmeceuticals that explore
nanotechnology-based systems for the delivery of phytocompounds and emphasizes how these approaches can
improve product performances with respect to conventional cosmetic formulations.
Molecular and Biological Functions of Melatonin in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Dana Parisa Maleki , Sadoughi Fatemeh , Mobini Moein , Shafabakhsh Rana , Chaichian Shala , Moazzami Bahram , Chamani Maryam , Asemi Zatollah
Published: September 2019

Endometrial cancer is the fifth leading cancer among women. This rate is higher in developed countries and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and arteriosclerosis are major risk factors for endometrial cancer. Melatonin is a hormone synthesized in the pineal and extra-pineal organs such as the digestive tract, bone marrow, retina and more. Evidence shows the potential effects of melatonin in endometrial cancer inhibition. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to review this outstanding evidence and to summarize the molecular and biological mechanisms of melatonin for the inhibition of endometrial cancer.
Ellipticine, its Derivatives: Re-evaluation of Clinical Suitability with the Aid of Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Dan Vipin Mohan , Varghese Thania Sara , Viswanathan Gayathri , Baby Sabulal
Published: September 2019

Targeted drug delivery systems gave newer dimensions for safer and more effective use of therapeutic drugs, thus helping in circumventing the issues of toxicity and unintended drug accumulation. These ongoing developments in delivery systems can, in turn, bring back drugs that suffered various limitations, Ellipticine (EPT) being a candidate. EPT derivatives witnessed entry into clinical settings but failed to survive in clinics citing various toxic side effects. A large body of preclinical data deliberates the potency of drug delivery systems in increasing the efficiency of EPT/derivatives while decreasing their toxic side effects. Recent developments in drug delivery systems provide a platform to explore EPT and its derivatives as good clinical candidates in treating tumors. The present review deals with delivery mechanisms of EPT/EPT derivatives as antitumor drugs, in vitro and in vivo, and evaluates the suitability of EPT-carriers in clinical settings.
Clinical Study to evaluate efficacy of Panchamuladi Kaal Basti in the management of Amavata w.r.t. Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Padavi Dnyaneshwar , Maurya Pawan R.
Published: September 2019

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that causes to pain, stiffness and swelling of the joints. It affects different parts of the body, mainly effects the joints. Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis) has been a challenging problem to the medical field. Various treatment protocols are applied in this disease with partial success. In present clinical study, 30 patients of clinically proven Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis) were treated with Panchamuladi Kaal Basti to evaluate its efficacy. Panchamuladi Kaal Basti contains Kwatha Dravyas viz. Bilwa, Agnimantha, Syonaka, Patala, Kantakari etc. with other Kalka and Prakshepa Dravyas. Ayurvediya Nidanadi parameters and American Rheumatism Association guidelines for Rheumatoid Arthritis were followed. Analysis was done and results were calculated statistically using paired ‘t’ test. Results obtained are encouraging and indicate the efficacy of Panchamuladi Kaal Basti over Amavata (Rheumatoid arthritis), exploring many aspects of this clinical entity.
Perceptions and Sentiments About Electronic Cigarettes on Social Media Platforms: Systematic Review
Authors: Kwon Misol , Park Eunhee
Published: September 2019

Background

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been widely promoted on the internet, and subsequently, social media has been used as an important informative platform by e-cigarette users. Beliefs and knowledge expressed on social media platforms have largely influenced e-cigarette uptake, the decision to switch from conventional smoking to e-cigarette smoking, and positive and negative connotations associated with e-cigarettes. Despite this, there is a gap in our knowledge of people’s perceptions and sentiments on e-cigarettes as depicted on social media platforms.

Objective

This study aimed to (1) provide an overview of studies examining the perceptions and sentiments associated with e-cigarettes on social media platforms and online discussion forums, (2) explore people’s perceptions of e-cigarette therein, and (3) examine the methodological limitations and gaps of the included studies.

Methods

Searches in major electronic databases, including PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Communication and Mass Media Complete, were conducted using the following search terms: “electronic cigarette,” “electronic vaporizer,” “electronic nicotine,” and “electronic nicotine delivery systems” combined with “internet,” “social media,” and “internet use.” The studies were selected if they examined participants’ perceptions and sentiments of e-cigarettes on online forums or social media platforms during the 2007-2017 period.

Results

A total of 21 articles were included. A total of 20 different social media platforms and online discussion forums were identified. A real-time snapshot and characteristics of sentiments, personal experience, and perceptions toward e-cigarettes on social media platforms and online forums were identified. Common topics regarding e-cigarettes included positive and negative health effects, testimony by current users, potential risks, benefits, regulations associated with e-cigarettes, and attitude toward them as smoking cessation aids.

Conclusions

Although perceptions among social media users were mixed, there were more positive sentiments expressed than negative ones. This study particularly adds to our understanding of current trends in the popularity of and attitude toward e-cigarettes among social media users. In addition, this study identified conflicting perceptions about e-cigarettes among social media users. This suggests that accurate and up-to-date information on the benefits and risks of e-cigarettes needs to be disseminated to current and potential e-cigarette users via social media platforms, which can serve as important educational channels. Future research can explore the efficacy of social media–based interventions that deliver appropriate information (eg, general facts, benefits, and risks) about e-cigarettes.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42019121611; https://tinyurl.com/yfr27uxs
A Technology Roadmap for Innovative Approaches to Kidney Replacement Therapies
Authors: Bonventre Joseph V. , Hurst Frank P. , West Melissa , Wu Iwen , Roy-Chaudhury Prabir , Sheldon Murray
Published: September 2019

The number of patients dialyzed for ESKD exceeds 500,000 in the United States and more than 2.6 million people worldwide, with the expectation that the worldwide number will double by 2030. The human cost of health and societal financial cost of ESKD is substantial. Dialytic therapy is associated with an unacceptably high morbidity and mortality rate and poor quality of life. Although innovation in many areas of science has been transformative, there has been little innovation in dialysis or alternatives for kidney replacement therapy (KRT) since its introduction approximately 70 years ago. Advances in kidney biology, stem cells and kidney cell differentiation protocols, biomaterials, sensors, nano/microtechnology, sorbents and engineering, and interdisciplinary approaches and collaborations can lead to disruptive innovation. The Kidney Health Initiative, a public–private partnership between the American Society of Nephrology and the US Food and Drug Administration, has convened a multidisciplinary group to create a technology roadmap for innovative approaches to KRT to address patients’ needs. The Roadmap is a living document. It identifies the design criteria that must be considered to replace the myriad functions of the kidney, as well as scientific, technical, regulatory, and payor milestones required to commercialize and provide patient access to KRT alternatives. Various embodiments of potential solutions are discussed, but the Roadmap is agnostic to any particular solution set. System enablers are identified, including vascular access, biomaterial development, biologic and immunologic modulation, function, and safety monitoring. Important Roadmap supporting activities include regulatory alignment and innovative financial incentives and payment pathways. The Roadmap provides estimated timelines for replacement of specific kidney functions so that approaches can be conceptualized in ways that are actionable and attract talented innovators from multiple disciplines. The Roadmap has been used to guide the selection of KidneyX prizes for innovation in KRT.