bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KIẾN THỨC, THÁI ĐỘ, THỰC HÀNH VỀ THỪA CÂN - BÉO PHÌ CỦA SINH VIÊN Y ĐA KHOA NĂM THỨ BA TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y KHOA PHẠM NGỌC THẠCH NĂM 2020
Authors: Trần Mỹ Nhung , Dương Đông Nhật , Nguyễn Lê Quỳnh Như
Published: June 2022

Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 400 sinh viên (SV) Y đa khoa năm thứ ba Trường Đại học Y khoa Phạm Ngọc Thạch năm 2020 (53,5% SV nam) nhằm mô tả Kiến thức, Thái độ, Thực hành (KAP) về thừa cân - béo phì (TC-BP) qua bảng câu hỏi từ Hướng dẫn đánh giá KAP liên quan đến dinh dưỡng năm 2014 của Tổ chức Lương thực và Nông nghiệp Liên hiệp quốc (FAO). Kết quả: Tỉ lệ SV có kiến thức đúng chiếm tỉ lệ cao về nguyên nhân (99,8%), hậu quả (94,3%), biện pháp phòng ngừa TC-BP (99,5%). Đa số SV cho rằng TC-BP ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến sức khỏe (78,0%) nhưng chỉ 33,0% SV tự đánh giá mình có nguy cơ bị TC-BP. Có 82,5% SV cảm thấy lợi ích tốt của chế độ ăn có kiểm soát nhưng chỉ 16,3% cảm thấy không khó để thực hiện. Tỉ lệ SV không thực hiện vận động thể lực chiếm đến 1/3 tổng số (33,2%). Kết luận: SV cần được tăng cường can thiệp giáo dục phù hợp nhằm nâng cao thái độ và thực hành về TC-BP theo hướng dẫn của FAO.
Mitteilungen aus der Gesellschaft für afrikanisches Recht (2021)
Authors: Sippel Harald
Published: June 2022

Trotz der im Kalenderjahr 2021 bestehenden Pandemielage und der damit einhergehenden Einschränkungen in vielen Lebensbereichen konnte die Gesellschaft für afrikanisches Recht e.V. ihren Aufgaben nachkommen und neben der Herausgabe der Zeitschrift sowie der Bereitstellung der Internetseite nach der vorjährigen Zwangspause insbesondere wieder die Jahreskonferenz veranstalten.
Let's Get Real About the Dividend Growth Model
Authors: Cornell Bradford , Gerger Richard
Published: June 2022

The dividend growth model, sometimes called the dividend discount model or discounted cash flow model, is a commonly used tool for estimating the cost of equity capital, particularly in the context of utility rate setting and unitary appraisal. Although the assumption of constant growth in perpetuity is almost never realistic, the constant growth version of the model is still commonly used in practice. However, given modern computing technology, there is no reason not to use the general dividend growth model when estimating the cost of equity. If the constant growth assumption is appropriate in a particular case, it can simply be substituted into the general model. If constant growth is not an appropriate assumption, which will almost always be the case in practice, then the general model should be employed rather than trying to manipulate the constant growth model.
Investigation of the Propeller Blade Failure Load and the Associated Spindle Torque - JIP BlaFex
Authors: Junglewitz Andreas , Fischer Claas , Fricke Wolfgang , Koch Wolfgang
Published: June 2022

The IACS Polar Class Rules define the maximum propeller blade / ice interaction loads to be expected once in a life time of a ship. Beside the ice loads used for the scantlings of propeller blade, the ultimate blade failure load is also defined in order to check the connection between the blade and the hub and the pitching system. However, controllable pitch propeller makers claim that the failure load generates too high spindle torques and results in one or two hub sizes larger propellers being against their long term experience with existing designs and rising costs for new projects. Hence, IACS initiated a common Joint Industry Project (JIP) with different propeller makers called “BlaFex”. The main goal is an experimental validation of the blade failure load and the associated spindle torque calculation. At present, two blades have been tested in elastic and plastic range using different points of load application. In advance and parallel, numerical simulations have been performed and their results will be given and compared with the measurements. In this paper the obtained test results are presented and conclusions are drawn with respect to the next tests and numerical simulations.
Perfil de susceptibilidade das bactérias na microbacia do Rio Branco, Roraima, extremo Norte da Amazônia
Authors: Farias Leovergildo Rodrigues , Vital Marcos Jose Salgado , Correa Ana Paula Folmer , Riss Jordana Souza Paula , Tormente Fabiana Vieira
Published: June 2022

A qualidade dos recursos hídricos se constituiu em uma categoria primordial de preocupação para os pesquisadores, pois os impactos ambientais ocasionados pelo crescimento acelerado e desordenado das cidades torna a degradação desses recursos  intensa  e rapidamente perceptível, inclusive no extremo norte da amazônia. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o perfil de susceptibilidades das bactérias isoladas da microbacia do Rio Branco, Roraima, extremo norte da Amazônia. Realizou-se o perfil de susceptibilidade dos isolados bacterianos empregando-se oito discos de antibacterianos  e na identificação dos isolados  empregou-se o método de Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization – Time ofFlight Mass Spectrocopy (MALDI-TOF/MS). Os resultados obtidos demonstaram diferença significativa entre os períodos seco e chuvoso em relação à qualidade físico-química e microbiológica da água nos diferentes pontos coletados na microbacia do Rio Branco,RR. Do total de isolados analisados, apenas 31 % das bactérias, apresentaram resistência aos antibacterianos amicacina, amoxicilina, azitromicina e ciprofloxacina, evidenciando que os antibacterianos clorafenicol, gentamicina, imipenem e meropenem apresentaram eficiência de 100 % sobre os isolados. Foram identificadas as espécieis Klebsiella pneumoniae, Chromobacterium violaceum, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter kobei, Bacillus pumilus, Salmonella typhi e do gênero Staphylococcus sp. em ambos os períodos (seco e chuvoso) de coletas avaliados, sendo constatado a presença de bactérias consideradas potencialmente patogênicas, como Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus sp., Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli,  Salmonella typhi e Shigella sp., tornando necessário a continuidade de estudos que visem identificar e avaliar o perfil de susceptibilidade das bactérias presentes em outros rios e igarapés do estado de Roraima.
Doping effect and ferroelectricity of nanoribbons of In2Se3 monolayer
Authors: Huang Hong-Fei , Yao Yang , Yao Cheng-Jun , Hao Xiang , Wu Yin-Zhong ,   Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, and School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
Published: June 2022

Ferroelectricity and nanostructure in low-dimensional material are a research hotspot in the condensed matter physics and material science, The low-dimensional material is significant for the application and desig of nano-electronic devices. Based on the density functional theory, the In2Se3 monolayer, whose two-dimensional ferroelectricity has already been confirmed in experiment, is selected, and the ferroelectricity in the doped film and its nanoribbons are investigated. It is found that the ferroelectricity and the conductivity can coexist in the doped monolayer, and the electron doping enhances both the in-plane polarization (PIP) and the out-of-plane polarization (POOP), while the PIP is enhanced and POOP is depressed in the case of hole doping. The mechanism of the variation of polarization in the doped film is discussed on the basis of atomic distortions and electronic structures. As the In2Se3 nanoribbons are concerned, the one-dimensional ferroelectricity can be found in the In2Se3 nanowire, and the local polarization distribution within In2Se3 nanoribbons and its band gap are calculated and discussed. Furthermore, the scaling law between the band gap and the width of nanoribbon is obtained by fitting the numerical results. It is expected that our study can broaden the application scope of 2D ferroelectric films and its nanostructures.
Beam steerable terahertz antenna based on VO2
Authors: Liu Zi-Yu , Qi Li-Mei , Dao Ri-Na , Dai Lin-Lin , Wu Li-Qin ,   School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China,   Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China,   Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100875, China
Published: June 2022

To realize the diversified applications of terahertz wave, a new method to realize 2-bit (4 states) coding metasurface with only two hybrid units is proposed, which combines the phase transition characteristics of VO2 and is different from the traditional metasurface. The metal wire threaded through the patch makes single-line control possible. The method of preparing the VO2 thin film and the voltage control mechanism make the design more practical. The highlight of this design is that the fixed structure array can encode different state sequences and then tune the reflected beam. On this basis, a visual design is carried out for the calculation of the coding metasurface array antenna by MATLAB. The state sequence and radiation results are predicted by actively setting the operating frequency, beam deflection angle, etc., so as to achieve active adjustment. The system does not limit the unit structure and is universal to all arrays that meet the coding conditions. In addition, a deep neural network is introduced into the array arrangement, and the structure sequence is predicted by algorithm training and verified by numerical calculation and full-wave simulation. The results show that the proposed method is effective in beam deflection angle and structure arrangement. This study presents a new way of actively and flexibly controlling terahertz waves, which has potential applications in terahertz imaging, phase-controlled radar, communication and other fields.
Preparation and thermoelectric properties of layered Bi1–xSbxSe nanocrystalline films
Authors: Xu Jing , He Zi-Min , Yang Wen-Long , Wu Rong , Lai Xiao-Fang , Jian Ji-Kang ,   School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China,   School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang 830046, China
Published: June 2022

BiSe is found to be a promising near-room-temperature thermoelectric material with higher performance than traditional Bi2Se3 due to its ultra-low intrinsic lattice thermal conductivity. In this work, N-type BiSe nanocrystalline thin films with (00l) preferred orientation are first prepared via vacuum thermal evaporation method, and Bi1–xSbxSe nanocrystalline films with different doping concentrations are obtained by Sb co-evaporation. The phases, morphologies, chemical compositions and valences, lattical vibrations, and electrical properties of these films are characterized. It is found that the Sb dopant successfully enters into the crystal lattice and replaces the Bi site of Bi2Se3 quintuple layers and Bi2 bilayers without selectivity, and the difference of gold properties between Sb atom and Bi atoms leads the carrier concentration to sharply decrease and the Seebeck coefficient in doped BiSe to increase. Meanwhile,

the sizes of nanocrystals in the films decrease and the denser layered structure is formed due to the Sb doping, which is conducive to the carrier transport in the samples, and the in-plane carrier mobility of the films effectively increases from 13.6 cm2·V–1·s–1 (BiSe) to 19.3 cm2·V–1·s–1 (Bi0.65Sb0.35Se). The maximum room-temperature power factor of 2.18 μW·cm–1·K–2 is obtained in Bi0.76Sb0.24Se, which is higher than that in undoped BiSe. The results of this work indicate that the BiSe-based thin films have potential applications in room temperature thermoelectric thin film devices.
Lattice relaxation and substrate effects of graphene moiré superlattice
Authors: Zhan Zhen , Zhang Ya-Lei , Yuan Sheng-Jun ,   School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China,   Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, China
Published: June 2022

When two two-dimensional (2D) materials with different lattice constants or with different rotation angles are superimposed, a moiré superlattice can be constructed. The electronic properties of the superlattice are strongly dependent on the stacking configuration, twist angle and substrate. For instance, theoretically, when the rotation angle of twisted bilayer graphene is reduced to a set of specific values, the so-called magic angles, flat bands appear near the charge neutrality, and the electron-electron interaction is significantly enhanced. The Mott insulator and unconventional superconductivity are detected in the twisted bilayer graphene with a twist angle around 1.1°. For a moiré pattern with a large enough periodicity, lattice relaxation caused by an interplay between van der Waals force and the in-plane elasticity force comes into being. The atomic relaxation forces atoms to deviate from their equilibrium positions, and thus making the system reconstructed. This review mainly focuses on the effects of the lattice relaxation and substrates on the electronic properties of the graphene superlattices. From both theoretical and experimental point of view, the lattice relaxation effects on the atomic structure and electronic properties of graphene-based superlattices, for example, the twisted bilayer graphene, twisted trilayer graphene, graphene-hexagonal boron nitride superlattice and twisted bilayer graphene-boron nitride superlattice are discussed. Finally, a summary and perspective of the investigation of the 2D material superlattice are presented.
Several significant equalities on intuitionistic fuzzy operators
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Bir Bikram Memorial College, Bhattacharya Jaydip
Published: June 2022

There are various operators and operations in intuitionistic fuzzy set theory. The roles of these operators and operations are very significant as they show a deeper interconnection between the two ordinary modal logic operators. It can be well noted that modal operators can change intuitionistic fuzzy sets into fuzzy sets easily. Considering all of these, we establish several equalities on intuitionistic fuzzy sets.
On intuitionistic fuzzy semiprime submodules
Authors:   Post-Graduate Department of Mathematics, D.A.V.College, Sharma P. K.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to extend the notion of ordinary semiprime submodules to intuitionistic fuzzy semiprime submodules. Also we introduce and study new properties of intuitionistic fuzzy semiprime submodules. Many related results are obtained.
The Hadamard-type k-step Pell sequences
Authors:   Kafkas University, Deveci Ömür , Aküzüm ‪Yeşim ,   Kafkas University, Rashedi Muhammad Eshaq ,   Kafkas University
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we define the Hadamard-type k-step Pell sequence by using the Hadamard-type product of characteristic polynomials of the Pell sequence and the k-step Pell sequence. Also, we derive the generating matrices for these sequences, and then we obtain relationships between the Hadamard-type k-step Pell sequences and these generating matrices. Furthermore, we produce the Binet formula for the Hadamard-type k-step Pell numbers for the case that k is odd integers and k ≥ 3. Finally, we derive some properties of the Hadamard-type k-step Pell sequences such as the combinatorial representation, the generating function, and the exponential representation by using its generating matrix.
The LINC00261/MiR105-5p/SELL axis is involved in dysfunction of B cell and is associated with overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Song Hao , Huang Xing-Feng , Hu Shu-yang , Lu Lei-Lei , Yang Xiao-Yu
Published: June 2022

Background

Previous studies have been reported the immune dysfunction of various live tissues. However, the potential molecular mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation of immune related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still not clear. We tried to identify crucial immune related biomarkers associated with HCC patients’ outcomes and to reveal the transcriptional regulation.

Method

The fractions of 22 immune cells in tumor and adjacent tissues were estimated by CIBERSORT. Kruskal-Wallis test and differentially expressed analyzes were used for comparative studies. Cox proportional hazard regression model, Kaplan-Meier estimates and Log-rank test were used for survival analyses.

Results

From The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the gene, lncRNA and miRNA expression profiles of 379 HCC samples with clinical information were used for comparative studies. Eleven adaptive and innate immune cell types were significantly altered in HCC samples, including B cell memory, regulatory T cells and follicular helper T cells. Differentially expressed competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network associated with patients’ overall survival was identified. Then, the novel pathway, including LINC00261, MiR105-5p and selectin L(SELL) was found and may be potential novel biomarkers for patients’ outcomes and immunotherapy. Furthermore, SELL was significantly positively correlated (correlation coefficients: 0.47–0.69) with 12 known gene signatures of immunotherapy except for programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1).

Conclusions

Our findings could provide insights into the selection of novel LINC00261/MiR105-5p/SELL pathway which is associated with overall survival and may impact on efficacy of immunotherapy in HCC.
Use of semantic segmentation for mapping Sargassum on beaches
Authors: Arellano-Verdejo Javier , Santos-Romero Martin , Lazcano-Hernandez Hugo E.
Published: June 2022

The unusual arrival of Sargassum on Caribbean beaches is an emerging problem that has generated numerous challenges. The monitoring, visualization, and estimation of Sargassum coverage on the beaches remain a constant complication. This study proposes a new mapping methodology to estimate Sargassum coverage on the beaches. Semantic segmentation of geotagged photographs allows the generation of accurate maps showing the percent coverage of Sargassum. The first dataset of segmented Sargassum images was built for this study and used to train the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the currently proposed method has an accuracy of 91%, improving on the results reported in the state-of-the-art method where data was also collected through a crowdsourcing scheme, in which only information on the presence and absence of Sargassum is displayed.
The structure of the lexical component in a lexico-conceptual knowledge base
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España), Negro Alousque Isabel
Published: June 2022

In the last years a language model, the Lexical Constructional model (mairal & Ruiz de mendoza, 2008, 2009; Ruiz de mendoza & mairal, 2008) has been developed to account for all facets of meaning, including pragmatic and discourse phenomena. Recent research in the LCm (Periñán & Arcas, 2004, 2005, 2007a, 2010a, 2010b) has built an online lexico-conceptual base, FunGramKB, for natural language processing (nLP) applications. FunGramKB consists of two levels of information (i.e. a lexical level and a conceptual level) which in turn comprise several modules. The present contribution focuses on the lexicon, one of the two modules in the lexical level. The aim of the paper is twofold: first, to analyse the FunGramKB lexical component; second, to illustrate the semantic representation in the lexicon of the concepts stored in the ontology through a contrastive analysis of the French and english lexical entries for speech act predicates.
Estudio léxico construccional de algunos patrones preposicionales con a en español
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Sosa Acevedo Eulalia
Published: June 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las propiedades de algunos patrones semántico-sintácticos del español que se construyen con objetos preposicionales con a. el análisis se realiza en el marco del modelo Léxico Construccional y se sitúa específicamente en el primer nivel de este modelo, nivel de la Gramática nuclear (v. Ruiz de mendoza y mairal, 2008; mairal y Ruiz de mendoza, 2009). Se presta especial atención a la Subsunción entre plantillas léxicas y plantillas construccionales en este nivel, un conjunto de procesos que ocupa un lugar determinante en la (re)construcción del significado. A través de estos mecanismos se ponen de manifiesto diferencias y similitudes esenciales entre predicados que comparten el mismo tipo de patrón preposicional con a, tales como los verbos golpear y tocar. el análisis se apoya en los ejemplos extraídos a partir de varios córpora relevantes del español.
Construcción de un modelo de movidas retóricas para el análisis de artículos de investigación en español
Authors:   Universidad de La Serena (Chile). Prodicyt Centro de investigación, Sabaj Meruane Omar , Toro Trengove Paulina ,   Universidad de La Serena (Chile). Prodicyt Centro de investigación, Fuentes Cortés Miguel ,   Universidad de La Serena (Chile). Prodicyt Centro de investigación
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se describen las distintas etapas de la construcción de un modelo de Movidas Retóricas para el análisis de Artículos de investigación en español. A partir de un análisis sistemático de la literatura en este ámbito, un estudio de casos y la síntesis y homologación de la información recabada, se constituyó un modelo compuesto de 37 Movidas Retóricas, asociadas a cada una de las secciones del artículo de investigación. Algunas de estas Movidas Retóricas pueden aparecer en más de una sección, generando ciclos al inicio o al final del Artículo de investigación. Así también, existen Movidas Retóricas que se encuentran en secciones específicas. el trabajo se presenta como un intento de sintetizar y abrir la discusión en este ámbito ,y contribuir a la enseñanza de la escritura científica en nuestra lengua.
Virgilio: La Eneida. Traducción de Egidio Poblete. Nicolás Cruz, Antonio Arbea (editores)
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, López Sais Brenda
Published: June 2022

Sin Resumen
Anglicismos y aculturación en la sociedad chilena
Authors:   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Gerding Salas Constanza , Fuentes Morrison Mary ,   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Kotz Grabole Gabriela ,   Universidad de Concepción (Chile)
Published: June 2022

La implementación del modelo económico neoliberal estadounidense en Chile hace cuatro décadas y la participación del país en la globalización han provocado cambios fundamentales en la sociedad. De hecho, los efectos de la adopción de dicho paradigma se reflejan en diversos ámbitos, incluido el del uso de la lengua. Por esta razón, resulta de interés para lingüistas y traductores indagar acerca de la influencia del idioma inglés y de la cultura estadounidense en la sociedad chilena. De allí que los objetivos de este estudio fueron constatar la presencia de préstamos del inglés en la prensa escrita, para describirlos, determinar su frecuencia de uso e inferir las causas de su adopción. Para lograr estos objetivos se clasificaron de forma manual y semiautomática préstamos del inglés extraídos de periódicos entre enero de 2003 y diciembre de 2009. Se analizó las unidades recopiladas según sus características formales, frecuencia de aparición y áreas del saber a las que pertenecían. Se determinó que los préstamos del inglés se adoptan más que adaptan y que tienen una fuerte presencia en la redacción periodística actual, específicamente en economía, computación, deportes y cultura. Además, se pudo establecer que su uso estaría determinado por cuatro factores: vacío denominativo, prestigio social, economía lingüística y preferencia de los usuarios. Finalmente, se concluyó que la lengua inglesa y la cultura estadounidense tienen una presencia significativa en la prensa chilena.
Hacia una propuesta de análisis semiótico integral de ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (Argentina), Álvarez Guadalupe , Álvarez Cadavid Gloria María ,   Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (Colombia)
Published: June 2022

Varias investigaciones han indicado que los mensajes que combinan lo verbal con otro tipo de recursos (e.g. imágenes o animaciones) son guardados de dos modos diferentes en el cerebro y hay más posibilidades de que se recuerde la información. en este sentido, se ha considerado que, en las prácticas docentes, se deberían tener en cuenta otros aspectos además de lo puramente verbal. Sin embargo, esos aspectos están ausentes en muchos cursos que integran tecnologías. incluso, si bien existe una amplia variedad de perspectivas y modelos dedicadas al estudio de la educación online, la mayoría se centra en el análisis de los aspectos verbales, pero no considera la relación con recursos de otra naturaleza, como las imágenes o lo hipertextual. Con el objeto de contribuir a entender estas relaciones, el presente trabajo desarrolla una propuesta, por el momento provisional, de análisis semiótico integral. Para mostrar los alcances de esta propuesta, se analizan, fundamentalmente, los modos en que se presentan las actividades en entornos de aprendizaje en Red en diferentes cursos de formación online. Una de las observaciones principales de este análisis es que las actividades suelen presentarse en los foros a partir de aspectos exclusivamente verbales y, por otra parte, es casi inexistente el uso de recursos multimediales. en futuras etapas de la investigación completaremos la propuesta a fin de ajustarla al análisis de la totalidad de los cursos en Red.
Descripción de las formas de justificación de los objetivos en artículos de investigación en español de seis áreas científicas
Authors:   Universidad de La Serena (Chile), Sabaj Meruane Omar , Landea Balin Denisse ,   Universidad de La Serena (Chile)
Published: June 2022

La justificación de los objetivos de investigación es una parte consustancial de la producción científica. A pesar de ello, no existen descripciones detalladas de cómo esta práctica se realiza en distintas áreas de la cien-cia. en este trabajo analizamos los extractos textuales de justificación de un corpus representativo de 162 artículos de investigación, correspondientes a seis áreas de la ciencia. Utilizando los lineamientos de la teoría fundada, los resultados del análisis muestran que la justificación no siempre se plasma en un movimiento retórico determinado en estos textos. Se puede establecer, además, que el ámbito de justificación puede corresponder a problemáticas o argumentos de distinto nivel, y que la forma más común de justificar una investigación se basa en los aportes, implicancias o aplicabilidad de los resultados. Por último, proponemos que las formas retóricas que adopta la justificación son sensibles a las variaciones determinadas por la naturaleza epistemológica, los objetos de estudio y los procedimientos metodológicos utilizados en cada una de las áreas de la ciencia.
Sur une particularité de la chronogénèse du portugais. Note de grammaire romane comparée
Authors:   Université de Bourgogne (Francia), Bidaud Samuel
Published: June 2022

NO PRESENTA RESUMEN
Comparing the Effectiveness of Oral versus Intramuscular Vitamin D Supplementation in Adults with Fracture around Hip and Vitamin D Deficiency
Authors: Chhabra Sidhant , Sharma Anand , Gupta Som Pratap , Bilandi Ashwani , Meena Mohit , Mathur Ashwani Kumar
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Cholecalciferol plays vital role in bone mineralization. Major circulating and storage form of vitamin D is 25-hydroxycholecalciferol {25(OH)D3} which is formed in the liver after 25-hydroxylation. It is also the form of vitamin D that is measured in blood tests to detect deficiency of vitamin D. There is scarcity of literature to support the best therapy at the lowest effective dose that is practicable, cost efficient, and devoid of probable side effects. Oral medication compliance is a major stumbling block to replenishing vitamin D levels in the body. Vitamin D administered intramuscularly (i.m.) may be able to overcome this limitation. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of oral versus intramuscular vitamin D in adults with fracture around hip and vitamin D deficiency. Materials and Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted in Orthopaedics Ward in Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, from January 2020 to June 2021. Total 60 male and female, above 18 years, with fractures around the hip and vitamin D levels less 30 ng/mL were included in the study. In group O (n=30) patient received oral vitamin D supplementation of 60000 IU once a week for 6 weeks . In group I (n=30) patient received single dose of 600000 IU vitamin D injection (i.m.). Follow-up of patients was done at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeeks for serum values of vitamin D, calcium, alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone levels. Bivariate analytical techniques has been used to measure the improvement of group I with group O. Results: The mean age in group I was 60.40±16.38 years and in group O was 59.47±15.17 years (p-value=0.82). There were total 31 females, 13 in group I and 18 in group O. No significant difference was observed among the groups in vitamin D level at the baseline, {group I: 13.84 ± 3.54 ng/mL; group O: 16.45 ± 6.3 ng/mL, p-value=0.053}. At 6 weeks, the mean value of the vitamin D significantly increased in both groups (p-value=0.001; group I: 40.94±4.67 ng/mL and group O: 33.64±9.89 ng/mL). At the 12th week, the mean value of the vitamin D was significantly higher in group I (44.52±7.09 ng/mL) compared to group O (24.65±10.92 ng/mL), p-value<0.001. The vitamin D mean was significantly raised with the time in group I and group O at 6 weeks and still remained increased at 12 weeks in group I but not in group O. Conclusion: The present study concluded that although both administration routes are effective and appear to be safe, intramuscular application is more effective in increasing 25(OH) D levels and sustaining it for a longer period of time as compared to oral dose.
An Analysis of Socio-personal Profile of ATMA Trainers in South Bihar
Authors: Rajak Saroj K. , Kumar Pankaj , Singh Puspendra K. , Bharti Rakhi
Published: June 2022

The present study was conducted in two selected districts of South Bihar, one from each Agro-climatic zone, namely, Bhagalpur and Nalanda. Training programmes conducted by two selected district ATMAs were analyzed for period of five years. The data was collected by the researcher itself by direct interview method with help of semi-structured interview schedule. Analysis of result obtained by interview of ATMA trainers depicts that majority of ATMA trainers were of middle age group. ATMA trainers were dominated by male members. As per educational qualification is concerned majority of ATMA trainers were educated up to master’s level. The major discipline of the trainers was found to be Agricultural science with slight a smaller number of Animal Science. Majority of respondents were having designation of Assistant Professor or equivalent post. There was lack of highly experienced trainers as majority of trainers were having training experience of less than five years.
DESIGUALDADE GLOBAL, CRISE MULTIDIMENSIONAL E AS FALÁCIAS DO DESENVOLVIMENTO
Authors: Costa Lima Marcos , Spellmann Samuel
Published: June 2022

O capitalismo contemporâneo tem ampliado sua condição produtora de desigualdades. Este aprofundamento tem sido revelado por meio do caráter multidimensional tomado pela crise capitalista. A continuidade da crise capitalista também desafia as noções ligadas às possibilidades de correção do capitalismo e a superação das desigualdades inerentes ao modo de produção pela figura histórica da reforma. Este artigo objetiva evidenciar processos específicos, mas globais, assinalando suas “impossibilidades sistêmicas”, que apontam criticamente para as falácias do desenvolvimento, em projetos que aprofundam as  disparidades sociais de toda ordem, ao serviço do grande capital e em detrimento dos trabalhadores. Isso é feito com a exposição de dois estudos de caso, Brasil e China, evidenciando o caráter multidimensional da crise capitalista e sua relação com a produção de desigualdades.
MULHERES NA POLÍTICA NO RECÔNCAVO DA BAHIA EM 2016: QUEM SÃO AS VEREADORAS ELEITAS?
Authors: Ferreira Maria Inês Caetano , Lima Isis Keiko Kataoka
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir resultados de pesquisa sobre as formas de participação de mulheres no pleito à vereança, em 2016, nos dezenove municípios do Território de Identidade do Recôncavo da Bahia. A literatura especializada desenvolve argumentos para a compreensão da sub-representação feminina na política. A pesquisa aqui apresentada dialoga com a literatura feminista e, através da sistematização dos dados do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, desvenda a frágil participação das mulheres na política, limitando-se aos 30% imposto pela legislação eleitoral. Os resultados esclarecem que o perfil das mulheres eleitas se aproxima ao dos homens eleitos, apontando a necessidade de as mulheres acumularem capital político para conseguirem se inserir no mundo da política.
A paridade entre os gêneros na direção do PSOL do Ceará: avanços e limites
Authors: Lopes Monalisa Soares , Carneiro Isabel Cavalcante
Published: June 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma análise da experiência de ação afirmativa adotada pelo Partido Socialismo e Liberdade (PSOL) do Ceará, no período de 2012 a 2016. O objetivo é investigar os impactos da resolução sobre paridade de gênero para cargos na direção partidária em termos de dinâmica intrapartidária e ampliação das candidaturas das mulheres. Fundamentada em documentos partidários, legislações, dados do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral e entrevistas semiestruturadas, a pesquisa indica que as mudanças promovidas pela paridade não repercutiram na ampliação do número de mulheres postulantes e mesmo na formação de lideranças femininas que representem publicamente o partido no Ceará.
Trichodesmium
Authors: Webb Eric A , Foster Rachel A , Villareal Tracy , Waterbury John B , Zehr Jonathan P
Published: June 2022

Tri.cho.des'mi.um. Gr. fem. n.thrix,trichos, hair; Gr. masc. n.desmos, bond; N.L. neut. n.Trichodesmium, bonded filaments.

Cyanobacteria / Subsection III / Oscillatoriales / Microcoleaceae / Trichodesmium

Filamentous, marine cyanobacteria that divide exclusively by binary fission in one plane. Trichomes of different species or strains range from 5 to 35 μm in diameter. Isolates have cells that range from barrel to disk shaped; constrictions at cross‐walls are shallow. Trichomes can arrange in parallel fascicles or form radiate macroscopic clustersin situ(i.e., colonies), while many strains and natural communities exist as free trichomes. Gliding motility has been observed.Trichodesmiumspecies are often important N2‐fixing constituents of the plankton in tropical to subtropical oceans. Additionally, they can form extensive, ephemeral surface blooms with high cellular abundance under calm sea conditions.Trichodesmiumspp. are aerobic, oxygenic phototrophs that fix carbon dioxide using the RuBisCO pathway. Photoheterotrophy has not been demonstrated. N2fixation is performed during the daylight hours without heterocysts, and neither hormogonia nor akinetes have been observed.Trichodesmiumisolates range from reddish/orange to greenish yellow in color, with absorption peaks for phycourobilin (PUB, 498 nm), phycoerythrobilin (PEB, 545 nm), and/or phycocyanin (PC, 618 nm). All known members contain abundant gas vacuoles, generally dispersed throughout the cells and exceptionally resistant to collapse, even at hydrostatic pressures of 12–27 bars.

DNA G + C content (mol%) = 33–34.

Genome of type species:Trichodesmium erythraeumIMS101 (Walworth et al., 2015).

Type species:Trichodesmium erythraeumEhrenberg ex Gomont 1892.
New phenotype of RTN2‐related spectrum: Complicated form of spastic paraplegia‐12
Authors: Tian Wotu , Zheng Haoran , Zhu Zeyu , Zhang Chao , Luan Xinghua , Cao Li
Published: June 2022

Objective

Spastic paraplegia‐12 (SPG12) is a subtype of hereditary spastic paraplegia caused by Reticulon‐2 (RTN2) mutations. We described the clinical and genetic features of three SPG12 patients, functionally explored the potential pathogenic mechanism of RTN2 mutations, and reviewed RTN2‐related cases worldwide.

Methods

The three patients were 31, 36, and 50 years old, respectively, with chronic progressive lower limb spasticity and walking difficulty. Physical examination showed elevated muscle tone, hyperreflexia and Babinski signs in the lower limbs. Patients 1 and 3 additionally had visual, urinary, and/or coordination dysfunctions. Patient 2 also had epileptic seizures. RTN2 mutations were identified by whole‐exome sequencing, followed by Sanger sequencing, segregation analysis, and phenotypic reevaluation. Functional examination of identified mutations was further explored.

Results

Three variants in RTN2 were identified in Patient 1 (c.103C>T, p.R35X), Patient 2 (c.230G>A, p.G77D), and Patient 3 (c.337C>A, p.P113T) with SPG, respectively. Western blotting revealed the p.R35X with smaller molecular weight than WT and other two missense mutants. Immunostaining showed the wild type colocalized with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in vitro. p.R35X mutant diffusely distributes in the cytoplasm, losing colocalization with ER. p.G77D and p.P113T co‐localized with ER, which was abnormally aggregated in clumps.

Interpretation

In this study, we identified three cases with complicated SPG12 due to three novel RTN2 mutations, respectively, presenting various phenotypes: classic SPG symptoms with (1) visual abnormalities and sphincter disturbances or (2) seizures. The phenotypic heterogeneity might arise from the abnormal subcellular localization of mutant Reticulon‐2 and improper ER morphogenesis, revealing the RTN2‐related spectrum is still expanding.
Effect of Scanning Strategies on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inconel 718 Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Liu Linqing , Wang Di , Yang Yongqiang , Wang Zhi , Qian Zeyu , Wu Shibiao , Tang Jinrong , Han Changjun , Tan Chaolin
Published: June 2022

The scanning strategy is an essential factor that determines the thermal history and combination of melt tracks within parts in the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process, which can significantly influence the microstructure evolution, defect formation, and mechanical properties of parts. Herein, the effect of scanning strategies (i.e., Y‐scan, XY‐scan, Rot‐scan, and Island‐scan) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 (IN718) parts manufactured by LPBF is investigated. The results show that different scanning strategies can lead to different morphologies of melt tracks, and the Rot‐scan is the most beneficial strategy for improving density of parts. Different scanning strategies change the direction of the temperature gradient within parts, resulting in different morphologies of grain growth. The tensile properties of samples built with four types of scanning strategies show superior mechanical properties compared with the cast. The ultimate tensile strength of samples manufactured by Y‐scan, XY‐scan, and Rot‐scan is equivalent to that of the wrought, while the ductility of them is higher than that of wrought. However, tensile properties of samples manufactured by island scanning are lowest due to defects (e.g., pores, spatters) at the overlap of islands.
Phage‐Derived Oncolytic Viruses with 3C from Seneca Valley Virus for Targeted Therapy of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Liu Tingting , Zhao Ningwei , Shi Mingze , Shen Yuanzhao , Mao Chuanbin , Zhou Xin
Published: June 2022

Cancer gene therapy based on various gene delivery vectors has some potential but also has obvious disadvantages. In this study, a new M13 phage‐based oncolytic virus is constructed that carried the RGD peptides to target tumor cells and the 3C gene of Seneca Valley virus (SVV) preceded by a eukaryotic initial transcriptional region (ITR) to transcribe an oncolytic protein to kill tumor cells. Recombinant virus particles of 1200 nm in length are obtained in large quantities by transfecting the recombinant M13 phage plasmid into the host BL2738 and are investigated in vitro in tumor cells and in vivo in tumor‐bearing mice to evaluate their antitumor effect. The experiments using Hela cells confirm that the engineered M13 phage can target and enter Hela cells, and express the SVV 3C protein, resulting in apoptosis of target cells by upregulating the expression of caspase 3. Furthermore, the results of experiments in vivo also show that the recombinant phage significantly inhibits the enhanced tumor volume in nude mice compared to the control groups. The M13 phage may be engineered to fuse with a variety of oncolytic proteins to inhibit the growth of tumor cells in the future, providing a promising phage‐based targeted oncolytic reagent.
Growth rate and life history shape plant resistance to herbivores
Authors: Jacobsen Deidra J.
Published: June 2022

Premise

Plant defenses are shaped by many factors, including herbivory, lifespan, and mating system. Predictions about plant defense and resistance are often based on resource allocation trade‐offs with plant growth and reproduction. Additionally, two types of plant resistance, constitutive and induced resistance, are predicted to be evolutionary alternatives or redundant strategies. Given the variety of plant trait combinations and non‐mutually exclusive predictions, examining resistance strategies in related species with different combinations of growth and reproductive traits is important to tease apart roles of plant traits and evolutionary history on plant resistance.

Methods

Phylogenetic comparative methods were used to examine the potentially interacting influences of life history (annual/perennial), mating system (self‐compatible/self‐incompatible), and species growth rates on constitutive resistance and inducibility (additional resistance following damage) across Physalis species (Solanaceae).

Results

Resistance was evolutionarily labile, and there was no correlation between constitutive resistance and inducibility. Annual species with fast growth rates displayed higher constitutive resistance, but growth rate did not affect constitutive resistance in perennials. In contrast, inducibility was negatively associated with species growth rate regardless of life history or mating system.

Conclusions

The different effects of plant life history and growth rate on constitutive resistance and inducibility indicate that defensive evolution is unconstrained by a trade‐off between resistance types. The interactions among plant life history, growth, and herbivore resistance show that plant defense is shaped not only by herbivore environment, but also by plant traits that reflect a plant's evolutionary history and local selective pressures.
Disparities and outcomes of patients living with Down Syndrome undergoing healthcare transitions from pediatric to adult care: A scoping review
Authors: Varshney Karan , Iriowen Rosemary , Morrell Kayla , Pillay Preshon , Fossi Alexander , Stephens Mary M.
Published: June 2022

Down Syndrome (DS) is one of the most common chromosomal disorders worldwide, and people with DS experience more co‐morbidities and have poorer health outcomes compared to the general population. An area that is not well understood is how patients with DS transition from pediatric to adult care, as well as the details, barriers, and difficulties of these transitions for patients. Hence, we aimed to provide a scoping review of the literature in PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL on the topic of healthcare transitions (HCTs) for patients with DS. Findings suggest patients with DS who continued receiving care as an adult from a pediatric care provider tended to experience co‐morbidities and other adverse health issues at higher rates than those who entirely switch to an adult‐care team. Patients with DS were unable to undergo transition due to multiple barriers, such as low income, limited/public insurance, gender, and race. We propose potential steps for transition, which focus on ensuring early planning, communicating better, coordinating services, assessing decision‐making capacity, and providing ongoing social and financial support. Future research must further identify and address barriers to HCTs for people with DS.
Broadening the phenotypic spectrum of TUBA1A tubulinopathy to syndromic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
Authors: Weber Mathilde , Jaber Dana , Encha‐Razavi Ferechte , Julien Emmanuel , Grevoul‐Fesquet Julie , Steffann Julie , Melki Judith , Martinovic Jelena
Published: June 2022

The recent finding that some patients with fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS) carry variants in the TUBB2B gene has prompted us to add to the existing literature a first description of two fetal FADS cases carrying TUBA1A variants. Hitherto, only isolated cortical malformations have been described with TUBA1A mutation, including microlissencephaly, lissencephaly, central pachygyria and polymicrogyria‐like cortical dysplasia, generalized polymicrogyria cortical dysplasia, and/or the “simplified” gyral pattern. The neuropathology of our fetal cases shows several common features of tubulinopathies, in particular, the dysmorphism of the basal ganglia, as the most pathognomonic sign. The cortical ribbon anomalies were extremely severe and concordant with the complex cortical malformation. In conclusion, we broaden the phenotypic spectrum of TUBA1A variants, to include FADS.
Borylation Directed Borylation of Indoles Using Pyrazabole Electrophiles: A One‐Pot Route to C7‐Borylated‐Indolines
Authors: Pahl Jürgen , Noone Emily , Uzelac Marina , Yuan Kang , Ingleson Michael J.
Published: June 2022

Pyrazabole (1) is a readily accessible diboron compound that can be transformed into ditopic electrophiles. In 1 (and derivatives), the B⋅⋅⋅B separation is ca. 3 Å, appropriate for one boron centre bonding to N and one to the C7 of indoles and indolines. This suitable B⋅⋅⋅B separation enables double E−H (E=N/C) functionalisation of indoles and indolines. Specifically, the activation of 1 with HNTf2 generates an electrophile that transforms N−H indoles and indolines into N/C7‐diborylated indolines, with N−H borylation directing subsequent C7−H borylation. Indole reduction to indoline occurs before C−H borylation and our studies indicate this proceeds via hydroboration—C3‐protodeboronation to produce an intermediate that then undergoes C7 borylation. The borylated products can be converted in situ into C7‐BPin‐N‐H‐indolines. Overall, this represents a transient directed C−H borylation to form useful C7‐BPin‐indolines.
Ultra‐High Temperature Molten Oxide Electrochemistry
Authors: Wang Mingyong , Jiao Handong , Pu Zhenghao , Hong Biao , Ge Jianbang , Xiao Wei , Jiao Shuqiang
Published: June 2022

Recently, the ultra‐high temperature electrochemistry (UTE, about >1000 °C) has emerged, which represents an exploration to extend the temperature limit of human technology in electrochemical engineering. UTE has far‐reaching impact on revolutionary low‐carbon metal extraction and the in situ production of oxygen for deep‐space exploration. It is hence of urgency to systematically summarize the development of UTE. In this Review, the basic concepts of UTE and the physicochemical properties of molten oxides are analyzed. The principles in the design of inert anodes for the oxygen evolution reaction in molten oxides are discussed, which forms a solid basis for the in situ production of oxygen from simulated lunar regolith by UTE. Furthermore, liquid metal cathodes for revolutionary titanium extraction and ironmaking/steelmaking are highlighted. With emphasis on the key challenges and perspectives, the Review can provide valuable inspiration for the rapid advancement of UTE.