bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iniciación sexual y conducta preventiva en la juventud chilena
Authors: Rodríguez Garcés Carlos , Romero Garrido David , Espinosa Valenzuela Denisse
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: caracterizar la iniciación sexual y las conductas sexuales de riesgo que acompañan el ejercicio de la sexualidad entre jóvenes de 15 a 29 años en Chile. Metodología: con los resultados de la Décima Encuesta Nacional de Juventudes en Chile, mediante un análisis estadístico inferencial y la aplicación de modelos de regresión logística, se perfilan los principales descriptores de la iniciación sexual, con énfasis en la precocidad, formalidad y conducta preventiva. Resultados: según los datos, los y las jóvenes se inician sexualmente a edades tempranas, no obstante, privilegian la formalidad del vínculo y se observa una mayor presencia de conducta preventiva respecto a la última década. Conclusiones: se destaca la importancia de desarrollar intervenciones socioeducativas tendientes a modificar conductas sexuales de riesgo, interviniendo principalmente sobre el componente actitudinal.
Duelo por ruptura amorosa y florecimiento en estudiantes: El rol mediador de la autocompasión
Authors: Peña-Muñante Gonzalo , Pozo-Muñoz Carmen
Published: December 2023

Cuando una relación termina, es fundamental identificar estrategias que ayuden a las personas a afrontar la ruptura, ya que eso condicionará su bienestar futuro. El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar la relación entre el duelo por ruptura amorosa y el florecimiento, contemplando la autocompasión como variable mediadora. Participaron 506 estudiantes de diferentes niveles educativos (secundario y superior) y edades (15 a más de 23 años), a los que se administró un cuestionario para obtener información sobre las variables de estudio. Se realizaron análisis correlacionales e inferenciales. Los resultados indicaron que la pérdida de intimidad fue el motivo principal de ruptura. Además, existieron diferencias significativas en el duelo según la duración de la relación rota, el estatus de iniciador de la ruptura y de relación actual. Finalmente, se encontró un efecto indirecto significativo del duelo sobre el florecimiento a través de la autocompasión.
Habilidad lógica y mecanismos motivacionales en la evaluación de argumentos
Authors: Massolo Alba , Traversi Mariel
Published: December 2023

El objetivo central de esta investigación consiste en analizar el sesgo a mi favor en dos tareas de evaluación de argumentos: la primera vinculada al paradigma del razonamiento formal y la segunda vinculada al paradigma del razonamiento informal. Para cumplir este objetivo, elaboramos y aplicamos una prueba de razonamiento que combina tareas de razonamiento formal con tareas de razonamiento informal. La prueba fue administrada de manera virtual a un total de 138 participantes. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron confirmar las dos hipótesis del estudio, a saber, que los mecanismos motivacionales prevalecen sobre la habilidad lógica en las tareas de evaluación de argumentos (tanto deductivos como no deductivos) y que el sesgo a mi favor se acentúa significativamente en las tareas de razonamiento informal.
Effectiveness of F3 feline facial pheromone analogue for acute stress reduction within clinical veterinary practice
Authors: Crump Ebony
Published: December 2023

PICO Question
In cats within a clinical veterinary context, does the application of the F3 feline facial pheromone (Feliway™), when compared to placebo, reduce signs of acute stress?
 
Clinical bottom line
Category of research
Treatment.
Number and type of study designs reviewed
Five papers were critically reviewed. There were three prospective, double-blinded, randomised controlled trials, one prospective, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial and one prospective, single-blinded, non-randomised controlled trial.
Strength of evidence
Moderate.
Outcomes reported
Four studies found improvement in select indicators of acute stress following F3 feline facial pheromone analogue (FFPA) exposure. One study showed FFPA reduced patient stress during routine physical examination, and improved caregiver impression of patient relaxation and ease of handling. One study revealed FFPA decreased vocalisations but had no effect upon systolic blood pressure during physical examination. One study determined that FFPA calmed but did not reduce struggling during venous catheterisation. One study demonstrated reduced time to sedation and propofol induction dose for routine surgical procedures when a transport protocol incorporating FFPA was applied. Finally, one study found no significant effect of FFPA upon behavioural and physiologic measures of acute stress during physical examination. No studies reported outward negative effects associated with FFPA exposure.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that FFPA may reduce signs of acute stress within a clinical veterinary context. Additionally, exposure to FFPA is unlikely to cause patient harm. To optimise patient welfare, FFPA is not recommended as a sole agent for stress mitigation and should instead be incorporated holistically with patient friendly handling, clinic design, and pharmacotherapy where indicated.
 
How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Iatrogenic Esophageal Perforation in Preterm Neonate Managed Conservatively
Authors: Gaber Elsayed Mohamed
Published: December 2023

We present a premature male neonate in whom insertion of a nasogastric tube for feeding resulted in perforation injury of the esophagus, which is a conceivable fatal condition. Esophageal perforation in Infants is usually iatrogenic. A chest radiograph in suspected cases, along with careful inspection of the nasogastric tube in relation to surrounding structures, can lead to the diagnosis of this condition; flexible endoscopy is also helpful to confirm the perforation site. Surgery is avoided in most cases, and management is usually conservative. The outcome is not always favorable, especially as premature infants are at risk of associated pathology.
Síntese e Caracterização de Lipossomas
Authors: D. G. Melo Josué , G.  Tosato Maira , Raniero Leandro
Published: December 2023

Este estudo relata o desenvolvimento e caracterização de uma formulação lipossomal, contendo uma mistura de fosfolipídios, visto que o emprego dos lipossomas é bastante amplo em virtude da veiculação de diversos tipos de ativos: hidrofílicos e lipofílicos. O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo avaliar as principais características das formulações lipossomais sob diferentes tempos de sonicação e filtração. Os lipossomas foram preparados utilizando a técnica de hidratação do filme seco de lipídios, seguida de sonicação e filtração. A determinação da distribuição de diâmetro hidrodinâmico foi realizada Espectroscopia de Correlação de Fótons e as mudanças na estrutura química foram mensuradas por meio da Espectroscopia no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Os resultados demonstraram a necessidade de se utilizar o ultrassom durante 15 minutos para promover o desgaste das camadas externas de lipídios em excesso levando a diminuição do tamanho das vesículas.
Síntese e Caracterização de Vidro Bioativo (BG-58S) pela Rota Sol-Gel sem e com a Presença de Solvente e Agente Porogênico
Authors: C. P. F. Aguiar Veronica , S. Gonçalves Isabela , S. Ortega Fernando , J. Santos G. Costa Karen , P.  Lauda Diogo , R. Oliveira Ivone
Published: December 2023

Vidros bioativos como BG-58S (58 SiO2, 33 CaO, 9 P2O5, % em massa), uma vez transplantados, promovem uma reação biológica na interface do material, que estimula a proliferação celular, a resposta gênica e a formação de uma ligação com os tecidos vivos, inibindo o crescimento de bactérias devido a mudança do pH do meio. Estes, por sua vez, auxiliam na formação de uma camada biologicamente ativa de hidroxiapatita na superfície do BG. Rotas de produção do BG pelo método sol-gel tem avaliado a influência de diferentes reagentes usados na síntese nas características do pó obtido. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de reagentes na síntese de BG-58S a fim de obter melhores propriedades visando aplicação na regeneração óssea. Oito diferentes composições foram preparadas e variadas a fonte de fósforo (TEP ou AF), a adição ou não de solvente (etanol) e de agente porogênico (Pluronic F-127). As composições foram caracterizadas quanto à temperatura de calcinação por análise termogravimétrica, fases por difração de raios X, composição química por espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier, porosidade e área específica por volumetria de nitrogênio (BET). O uso do agente porogênico nas condições usadas neste trabalho não foi efetiva para a obtenção de estruturas micelares como formadoras de poros, necessitando ajustar as demais condições de processamento, permitindo a obtenção de composições mesoporosas.
TerriStories®, a serious game to improve long-term autonomous management of natural resources and land
Authors: D'Aquino Patrick
Published: December 2023

Although participatory and inclusive approaches have been recognised as necessary for involving local people in the management of resources and territories, their impact often remains limited in the long term, whether at the local level or for broader territories. Based on this observation, a CIRAD team developed a method in the late 1990s using a serious game, TerriStories®. The effects of the first trial in Senegal in 1998-1999 are still seen today at the local and national levels. Applied to the management of local territories, then to the definition of national land and environmental regulations, the method has succeeded – in all of the countries in which it has been deployed – in driving collective endogenous proposals that the actors themselves then deliver and implement according to their own requirements.
TerriStories®, implementação de um jogo sério que reforça a longo prazo a gestão fundiária e ambiental autônoma
Authors: D'Aquino Patrick
Published: December 2023

Embora as abordagens participativas e inclusivas tenham sido reconhecidas como necessárias para envolver as populações na gestão dos recursos e dos territórios, o seu impacto a longo prazo é muitas vezes reduzido, quer seja na escala local quer seja em territórios mais vastos. Foi a partir desta constatação que uma equipe do Cirad desenvolveu um método baseado num jogo sério no final dos anos 1990, TerriStories®. Os efeitos da primeira experiência no Senegal, em 1998-1999, ainda persistem em termos de escalas local e nacional. Aplicado à gestão dos territórios locais e depois à definição de regras nacionais fundiárias e ambientais, o método tem impulsionado, em todos os países onde foi implementado, propostas coletivas endógenas que os próprios atores levam adiante e implementam de acordo com as suas próprias necessidades.
Ketidakpatuhan Tiongkok terhadap Sino-British Joint Declaration dalam Implementasi Kebijakan “One Country, Two Systems” Hong Kong
Authors: Putri Cindy Claudia
Published: December 2023

AbstrakIn general, this research discusses China's non-compliance with the Sino-British Joint Declaration agreement in implementing policies on the principle of "One Country, Two Systems" in Hong Kong. The interesting thing in this research is that the “One Country, Two Systems” system is a unique system of government because it has never been implemented in any country other than China. The Gap Research in this research is that China in the last ten years has shown an increasingly disobedient attitude towards the Sino-British Joint Declaration even though the agreement is a solution so that "One Country, Two Systems" can be carried out as it should. This non-compliance made China criticized by many countries but there was no intention of China to return to complying with the agreement. This research uses state security theory, state sovereignty theory, and compliance-based theory. With this theory, it can be seen what factors made China disobedient to the Sino-British Joint Declaration.Keywords: International Agreement, Democratization, One Country Two Systems, China, Hong Kong.
Politik Hukum Pengaturan Retribusi Perizinan Tertentu dalam Hubungan Keuangan Pusat dan Daerah
Authors: Rini Wafia Silvi Dhesinta , Kalo Andi Muhammad Resky
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research aims to determine the dynamics of changes in the regulation of certain types of licensing fees after the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2022 concerning Central and Regional Financial Relations. The results of this research show that first, Law Number 1 of 2022 concerning Central and Regional Financial Relations (UU HKPD) revokes the previous law, namely Law Number 28 of 2009 concerning Regional Taxes and Regional Levies. Second, the HKPD Law regulates levies for Building Approval (PBG), Use of Foreign Workers (PTKA), and Mining Management. Third, the legal politics of changes to certain licensing levy regulations are motivated by several reasons, including: (a) efforts to synchronize the Job Creation Law and the HKPD Law; (b) Academic texts of the Job Creation Law and the HKPD Law which are not comprehensive; (c) policy of simplifying licensing mechanisms and requirements to strengthen the investment climate. The legal policy of issuing the HKPD Law has had juridical implications for regions, such as a reduction in regional autonomy authority because several permits which are the basis for regional levies have been withdrawn by the central government. This makes the authority to impose licensing fees centralized and results in a reduction in the potential for Regional Original Income.Keywords: Licensing Levy, Legal Politics, Central and Regional Financial Relations.
Penggunaan Klausula Proteksi Diri Bagi Notaris Dalam Akta Partij ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris
Authors: Subari Misbah Imam , Kurniawan Justicia Firdaus
Published: December 2023

Notary Public is an authorized official in making an authentic deed as referred to in Article 1 number 1 of Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendment to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning Notary Position. Notarial Deed is not infrequently disputed by one of the parties or other parties because it is considered to be detrimental to its interests, so that now it is not uncommon for the Notary to be criminalized in connection with the Deed he made. This research is an Normatif jurudical research with a conceptual approach and a legislative approach. The legal material obtained in this article is then analyzed using prescriptive analytical methods. The results of the study that the use of a self-protection clause is legitimate used by the Notary, remembering that in the UUJN it does not regulate in accordance with the prohibition on using the self-protection clause. Implementation of an important self-protection clause as outlined in relation to both parties requires an identifying witness and concerns the Deed of Decision of the Meeting where the Notary is not present in person. Self protection clause can also be implemented based on Article 15 paragraph 2 letter e UUJN.
Prawo o wykroczeniach — zbiór deliktów administracyjnych czy przedłużenie norm prawa karnego?
Authors: Sawicki Janusz
Published: December 2023

Artykuł poświęcony jest prawu o wykroczeniach ocenianemu z perspektywy historycznej. Przypomina podstawowe problemy dotyczące lokalizacji przepisów o wykroczeniach w ramach pierwszej polskiej kodyfikacji karnej z 1932 roku. Przedstawia sporne koncepcje naukowe dotyczące tego zagadnienia formułowane przez wybitnych teoretyków prawa karnego. W dalszej części artykuł wskazuje aktualne problemy dotyczące prawa wykroczeń, takie jak kompletna kodyfikacja prawa o wykroczeniach, zasadność utrzymania czynów zabronionych przepołowionych, orzekanie sędziów pokoju czy problematyka deliktów administracyjnych zastępujących wykroczenia. Autor zwraca uwagę, że kluczowe zagadnienia pozostają nierozstrzygnięte mimo upływu dziewięćdziesięciu lat od uchwalenia polskiego prawa o wykroczeniach.
Zdania odrębne w orzecznictwie sądów administracyjnych w sprawach zabezpieczenia społecznego w świetle badań empirycznych
Authors: Kowalski Patryk
Published: December 2023

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza zdań odrębnych składanych od wyroków sądów administracyjnych w sprawach świadczeń z zabezpieczenia społecznego wydanych w latach 2004–2021. Wskutek czynności badawczych zgromadzono materiał w postaci 71 wyroków wojewódzkich sądów administracyjnych (dalej: WSA) i 34 wyroków Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego (dalej: NSA). Doprowadziło to do następujących wyników badawczych: sędziowie WSA bardzo rzadko składają zdania odrębne od wyroków w sprawach zabezpieczenia społecznego (zdanie odrębne złożono od < 1% wyroków w latach 2004–2021); częstotliwość składania zdania odrębnego należy określić jako niską (≈ 4 razy na rok); najwięcej zdań odrębnych sędziowie WSA złożyli w sprawach pomocy społecznej (59% badanych wyroków); spór w składzie sędziowskim WSA dotyczył najczęściej wykładni prawa (61% badanych wyroków); tylko 34 badanych wyroków WSA podlegało merytorycznej kontroli przez NSA, który wydał orzeczenie kierunkowo spójne z poglądem wyrażonym w zdaniu odrębnym tylko w 10 sprawach (29%).
Problemy charakteru prawnego i funkcjonowania Państwa Związkowego (Białorusi i Rosji). Ujęcie normatywne
Authors: Czachor Rafał
Published: December 2023

Spośród wszystkich struktur integracyjnych funkcjonujących na obszarze postradzieckim Państwo Związkowe Białorusi i Rosji jest najbardziej zaawansowane. Mimo to obecne rezultaty integracji są niewielkie i kontrastują z oficjalnymi deklaracjami władz obu państw. W związku z powyższym celem niniejszego artykułu jest określenie charakteru prawnego Związku Białorusi i Rosji powołanego na mocy umowy z grudnia 1999 roku, jego struktury instytucjonalnej oraz ujawnienie głównych przeszkód w funkcjonowaniu. O ile do tej pory to zagadnienie podejmowane było z perspektywy politologicznej, o tyle niniejszy artykuł skupia się na kwestiach normatywnych.

Artykuł rozpoczyna się od zarysu kolejnych aktów prawnomiędzynarodowych, które doprowadziły do powstania Państwa Związkowego. Następnie omówiono jego strukturę, system źródeł prawa i główne problemy procesu integracyjnego. Artykuł kończy się przeglądem stanowisk rosyjskiej i białoruskiej doktryny w kwestii charakteru prawnego Państwa Związkowego. Stwierdzono, że Państwo Związkowe jest sui generis organizacją międzynarodową o celach integracyjnych. Ograniczone efekty ponad dwóch dekad integracji uwarunkowane są odmiennymi interesami władz obu państw.
Periodontitis in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Crisigiovanni Angelo Cesar , Wojcik Leandro Roberto , Giovanini Allan Fernando , Hadlich Laura Edla Ronau , Skare Thelma Larocca , Nishiara Renato Mitsunori
Published: December 2023

To investigate the presence of periodontitis in RA patients comparing it with controls in a Brazilian sample. Methods: This is a case control study conducted in a public health rheumatologic center. One hundred and sixteen RA patients and 68 paired controls were compared for epidemiological data and presence of periodontal disease evaluated by number of remaining teeth, presence of bacterial plaque, bleeding on probing, probing depth and clinical level of gingival insertion. In addition, data on comorbidities was collected. Results: RA patients and controls have the same amount of teeth loss (P = 0.84). RA patients had more calculus (P = 0.02); dental plaques (P = 0.04); gingival recession (P = 0.02) and bleeding (P = 0.01). Although the number of individuals with periodontitis was higher in RA patients, the severity of periodontitis was similar in both groups (P = ns). Presence of diabetes and hypothyroidism also associated with periodontitis (P = 0.01 and 0.02 respectively). In a model of logistic regression built to assess the independence of association of RA and its comorbidities with periodontitis, only diabetes and RA remained independent. Conclusion: This case control study shows higher frequency of periodontitis in RA patients than controls.
Matzévet Kevurát
Authors: Tavares José Ricardo Pereira , Santi Juliana Rossato
Published: December 2023

Por causa da construção da Estrada de Ferro Madeira Mamoré, constroem-se o Hospital e o Cemitério da Candelária, este último para receber os corpos dos trabalhadores da Companhia da E.F.M.M., tombados por doenças tropicais, entre outros motivos. Estima-se que haja mais de quatro mil sepulcros perdidos no Cemitério da Candelária. Porém, três lápides são visíveis: uma de um português e outras duas de uma mulher de um homem, ambos de origem judaico-marroquina. O presente trabalho trouxe a oportunidade de se resgatar memórias que se relacionam com o período histórico da sociedade portovelhense do início século XX, por meio da Arqueologia Histórica e Arqueologia da Paisagem.
Review on deep fat-fried food products safety and its implication for consumer healthiness
Authors: Abeshu Yadesa
Published: December 2023

Edible oil is the most widely consumed food in worldwide. However, high-temperature cooking of fat results harmful compounds. This extended cooking times caused chemical and physical reactions at high temperatures. Additionally, heat-labile chemical compositions such as phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and essential amino acids gradually changed. High cooking temperatures have a real impact on the flavor quality and stability of the oil. But, applying antioxidants and inhibitors slows down the oxidation of frying oil at lower temperatures. The primary goal of this review process was to create awareness among the public and regulatory bodies about the extent to which oil based food processed at high temperatures for long time degrades food quality and endangers consumers. To address the problem of deep fat frying, the various earlier research works were well reviewed. The results of this study were thoroughly examined and concluded that cooking fat for a long period of time reduced its quality and increased the risk of non-communicable diseases. Thus, to lower the amount of free radicals in oils, frying them for a short period of time and using antioxidants. Also, it is critical to implement food quality control policies and educate community to safeguard the health of consumers.
The perception of foreign languages and culture for early childhood
Authors: İlter Binnur Genç , Yazıcı Zeliha
Published: December 2023

Language acquisition is a multifaceted process that often intertwines with acculturation. When a child encounters a foreign language and culture at an early age, they start to gain an understanding of both their native cultural values and the values of the other culture. As young learners gradually become aware of the world beyond their immediate surroundings, their cultural awareness undergoes a profound expansion. This research endeavors to delve into the perceptions of language learning and the assimilation of the target culture among very young language learners, irrespective of whether they have received formal language education. In pursuit of this objective, a semi-structured qualitative study was designed. The study included interviews with ten kindergarten students of age 5 in Antalya, Turkey. Participants were divided into two: one group had received foreign language education for three years, while the other had not received any. The conversations were recorded and subsequently subjected to an in-depth analysis carried out. The compelling findings of this research reveal that young language learners who have been exposed to previous language learning experiences are significantly better equipped to discern and appreciate the distinctions presented by a foreign language and culture. Moreover, it becomes evident that very young learners, even at the tender age of five, can grasp the lifestyles, needs, and interests of individuals from foreign cultures when they are immersed in a communicative language-rich environment. This underscores the pivotal role of early language exposure in fostering not only linguistic proficiency but also cultural awareness and understanding among children.
Student motivation in learning and perceptions of online teachers
Authors: Sason Hava , Blau Rivka , Wasserman Egoza
Published: December 2023

The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between students’ motivation for learning in an online course and their perceptions regarding the teacher’s role. 520 undergraduate students at a college participated in asynchronous online courses and responded to a closed-ended questionnaire about their motivation for learning and their expectations regarding the teacher’s role in online courses. The study’s findings indicate significant relationships between the students' different types of motivation for learning in the online course and their perception of the teacher's role in these courses. For example, students with high levels of self-efficacy and control over their learning beliefs expect the teacher to meet their pedagogical and differentiating roles. However, students with high levels of test anxiety expect the teacher to meet affective and technological needs. Therefore, when preparing online courses, these differences must be taken into account and teachers must carefully consider how they fulfill their role. For example, if teachers focus solely on the pedagogical role, it is likely to negatively affect the success of students facing high levels of anxiety. However, teachers who primarily promote affective social interactions will disappoint another group of students.  Enhancing teachers’ awareness of the association between students’ motivation and their expectations of their teachers could help teachers plan their courses to best meet their students’ needs and perhaps reduce dropping out.
Efisiensi dan Kepatuhan Penerapan E-System dalam Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System Guna Memenuhi Kewajiban Pajak PPh Wajib Pajak Notaris
Authors: Arif Muhammad
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study the authors conducted research on the efficiency and legal compliance of the application of the e-system in the implementation of the self-assessment system to fulfill the obligation to submit income tax notices for notary taxpayers in the Bontang Primary Tax Service Office area. This research uses a socio-legal approach. The use of this method is intended to understand the relationship and interrelationship between legal aspects and the reality that exists in society. In this context, law is not only seen as a normative entity that stands alone or isoteric, but also seen as a real part of the social system related to other social variables. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that: compliance of notary taxpayers at KPP Pratama Bontang can be said to be compliant seen from two parameters, namely article 3 of the regulation of the minister of finance of the republic of Indonesia Number 39 / PMK.03 / 2018 and compliance parameters according to Safri Nurmantu and the application of the e-tax system in the implementation of the self-assessment system for notary taxpayers can be said to be efficient in terms of the principle of efficiency according to Haula Rosdiana and Rasin Taringan.Keywords: E-System; Compliance; Notary.
AbstrakDalam penelitian ini penulis melakukan penelitian tentang efisiensi dan kepatuhan hukum terhadap penerapan e-system dalam pelaksanaan self assessment system untuk memenuhi kewajiban menyampaikan surat pemberitahuan pajak penghasilan wajib pajak notaris yang berada di wilayah Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Bontang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosio-legal. Penggunaan metode ini dimaksudkan untuk memahami hubungan dan keterkaitan antara aspek hukum dengan realitas yang ada di masyarakat. Dalam konteks ini, hukum tidak hanya dilihat sebagai entitas normatif yang berdiri sendiri atau isoterik, tetapi juga dilihat sebagai bagian nyata dari sistem sosial yang terkait dengan variabel sosial lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa: kepatuhan wajib pajak notaris di KPP Pratama Bontang dapat dikatakan patuh dilihat dari dua parameter yakni pasal 3 peraturan menteri keuangan republik Indonesia Nomor 39/PMK.03/2018 maupun parameter kepatuhan menurut Safri Nurmantu dan penerapan e-tax system pada pelaksanaan self assessment system wajib pajak notaris dapat dikatakan sudah efisien ditinjau dari asas efisiensi menurut Haula Rosdiana dan Rasin Taringan. Kata Kunci: E-System; Kepatuhan; Notaris.
Analisis Penyimpanan Protokol Notaris Secara Elektronik
Authors: Anggriani Sufy , Firdaus Rizki Savira , Suherlan Windy Amanda Siwi
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe collapse of the efficiency of notary protocol storage that is carried out physically has resulted in the idea of developing a way for a notary to store the notary protocol, by transferring the storage media into electronic form. Thus, access in submitting notary protocols to the notary receiving the protocol is seen as more efficient because it involves technological advances. This research aims to analyze the importance of notary protocols being stored electronically and to analyze the criteria for notaries receiving electronic notary protocols. In this research, normative research methods were used. The analysis in this research was carried out using a deductive method, namely drawing on general propositions to create specific propositions. The results of this research are (1) by storing notary protocols electronically, the notary’s duties in carrying out his obligations and authority will become more efficient and economical. (2) by storing the protocol electronically, the notary appointed to hold the notarial protocol who has retired, only needs to hand over the access rights in the electronic storage used by the previous notary.Keywords: Storage; Notary Protocol; Electronic.
AbstrakRuntuhnya efisiensi penyimpanan protokol notaris yang dilakukan secara fisik, mengakibatkan timbulnya buah pikiran untuk mengembangkan cara notaris menyimpan protokol notaris tersebut, dengan melakukan pengalihan media penyimpanan kedalam bentuk elektronik. Sehingga, akses dalam melakukan penyerahan protokol notaris kepada notaris penerima protokol dipandang lebih efisien karena melibatkan kemajuan teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pentingnya protokol notaris agar disimpan secara elektronik serta menganalisa kriteria notaris penerima protokol notaris secara elektronik. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode penelitian normatif. Analisis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deduktif yaitu yaitu menarik proposisi yang umum untuk membuat proposisi yang bersifat khusus. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) dilakukannya penyimpanan protokol notaris secara elektronik, maka tugas notaris dalam menjalankan kewajiban serta wewenangnya akan menjadi lebih efisien dan ekonomis. (2) dengan dilakukannya penyimpanan protokol secara elektronik, maka notaris yang ditunjuk untuk memegang protokol notaris yang telah purna tugas, hanya perlu melakukan serah terima yang berupa hak akses dalam penyimpanan elektronik yang digunakan oleh notaris sebelumnya. Kata Kunci: Penyimpanan; Protokol Notaris; Elektronik.
The burials of the kurgan 2 of the Menovnoe VII burial ground (Eastern Kazakhstan)
Authors: Tkachev A.A. , Tkachev Al.Al.
Published: December 2023

Emerged in the beginning of the 2nd millennium AD, the nomadic confederation of the Kipchaks up until the beginning of the 13th c. dominated the Eurasian steppes, which became known from the 11th c. as Desht-i Qipchaq or Kipchak steppe. The oecumene occupied by the Kipchak tribes covered, according to the experts, vast areas from the Irtysh River to Ural Mountains, but there is no consensus amongst researchers as to where the formation of the Kipchak traditions, which were part of the Ki-mek Khanate, was taking place. Kipchak sites of the 11th–12th cc. in the steppe zone are very few, but they are considered, as a rule, in the context of the transformation of the earlier traditions of the Oghuz, whereas the medieval burials of the Mongolian period, studied in the steppe zone of Kazakhstan, are considered apriori as Kipchak’s. The materials obtained during the study of the Menovnoe VII burial ground reveal peculiar features, both in the elements of the funeral rites, as well as in specific com-ponents of the material culture, allowing one to consider this site as a funerary monument built by a group of the early Kipchak population who lived in the pre-Mongol period in the territory of Eastern Kazakhstan. The burial ground of Menovnoe VII is lo-cated 1.5 km east-southeast of the village of Menovnoe of the Tavrichesky District of the Vostochno-Kazakhstanskaya Oblast. Within the burial platform, 24 mortuary structures have been recorded: 5 Early Medieval kurgans and 19 stone heaps of the Late Middle Ages period. The article concerns the kurgan 2, which had a diameter of 8 m at a height of 0.25 m. The mound was spanning over an oval fence measuring 7.1×6.5 m. Two pits were examined within the fence: one, located in the centre, con-tained a paired burial of a man and a woman; the second, located by the south wall of the fence, contained a paired burial of horses. The deceased were accompanied by a broadsword, iron arrowheads, an iron cauldron, bone buckles, iron knives, and remains of a saddle. The specifics of the funeral rites and the analysis of the material obtained during the study make is possible attributing the burial of the kurgan 2 of the Menovnoe VII burial ground to the Kipchak cultural tradition developing within the final stage of the early Turkic era, which allows it to be dated to the 11th — beginning of the 12th c. CE.
On the genesis of the bow designs from the “Old Buryat” burials
Authors: Kharitonov R.M.
Published: December 2023

In the paper, the finds of fragments of bows from the “Old Buryat” burials of the 17th–18th centuries from the Baikal region are analysed, and an attempt is made to determine their genesis from the data on their technological features. On the basis of the conventional method of weapon-analysis classification, two types were distinguished by the set of the reinforcing onlays. To understand the missing structural elements, the data is drawn in on more recent fully preserved items produced locally in the 19th — early 20th c. from the museum and private collections from the territory of the Baikal region, since a genetic affinity can be traced between them and the earlier products by the available onlays. This allows one to speak about similar morphological and metric characteristics between the Buryat bows of the 19th — early 20th c. and the objects from the “Old Buryat” burials. In the result of the conducted analysis, the relationship between the distinguished type 1 and items of the 12th–14th cc. of the population of the Ust-Talkinskaya Culture of the Cisbaikalia region has been established by the onlays used and the structure of the wooden base (in comparison with the products of the Buryats of the 17th–18th cc. associated with the bows of the 19th — early 20th c.), on the basis of which it was concluded that the design evolved in the Mongolian period from a local prototype. The type 2 is also associated with ‘Mongolian type’ bows by the presence of the median frontal remiform onlay, although it has the features of Yakut’s ‘Central Asian’ bows (the end frontal straps made of staghorn with a wide and a narrow areas). In the course of the study, it has been revealed that the design of the objects of the 19th — early 20th c., predominantly Transbai-kalian bows of the Selenga Buryats, has features of both the type 1 as well as the type 2, and it evolved from a local basis as a result of the synthesis of the elements of these types, thus combining the features of the northern and local workmanships. In the result, the structures appeared, which were reinforced with long end straps made of staghorn, with a long wide area creating transitional zones, and a short narrow one reinforcing the rigid limb tips. In the Cisbaikalia region, modifications of the type 1 bow were further developed by means of combining materials in the onlays of the transitional zones. All of the recorded bows, in terms of the shape of the ends and transitional zones, are much closer to the Mongolian bows of the 12th–14th c. from the rock burials of Mongolia, than to the Manchurian-Mongolian bows widespread in Central Asia since the 17th c.
Results of the analysis of intra-observer and inter-observer discrepancies in the assessment of some non-metric dental traits
Authors: Leybova N.A. , Chirkova A.Kh.
Published: December 2023

For the first time in Russian odontology, this paper presents the results of the analysis of intra-observer and inter-observer discrepancies in the determination of non-metric dental traits. The basis for the work was the materials collected in 2022 in the western regions of the Republic of Tuva during the Tuva ethnographic and anthropological expedition of TuvSU-CPI under the direction of E.V. Ayizhy (Candidate of Historical Sciences, TuvSU). The aim of the expedition was comprehensive biological and anthropological investigation of the local population. The programme included collecting the data on somatometry, cephalome-try, cephaloscopy, odontology, dermatoglyphics, panoptic anthropological portrait photography, and social survey. Due to the fact that two experts in odontology worked in the expedition, it was possible to conduct a comparative analysis of their inde-pendent determinations. An important factor appeared to be that in the Tuva expedition, for the first time in the practice of mass population-anthropological investigations, an intraoral 3D scanner was employed, which provided a rare opportunity to test the field determinations made by the researcher. This paper is concerned with the results of intra- and inter-observer correlations in the determination of non-metric dental traits by different recording techniques. Following the programme adopted in Russian odontology, during the expedition, there were 504 people examined and 331 wax impressions of teeth obtained. The complete programme of the odontological examination included visual inspection and description of the traits with the aid of a dental mir-ror. Using the intraoral 3D scanner Medit I500, in total 202 scans were obtained. The analysis consisted of several levels of intra- and inter-observer correlations and included three stages of connexive experiments aimed at the assessment of the non-metric dental traits observed in the expedition and on the 3D models. The study is based upon the use of the empirical and statistical methods. At all stages of the analysis, there were no intra- and inter-observer discrepancies recorded in the assess-ment of the diastema, crowding, and reduction of lateral incisors. The most difficult feature for recording appeared to be the prominence of the shovelling of upper incisors. In its assessment, statistically significant differences were revealed during the intra-observer correlations. The results of the observation of the odontological traits obtained by different recording techniques, showed some systematic deviations at the individual researcher level, manifested in an overestimation of frequencies of the shovelling when determining by scans and underestimation of frequencies of the shovelling determined with the aid of the dental mirror.
Specifics of settlement and numbers of armoured boyars in the Tobolsk Governorate in the second half of the 19th c.
Authors: Masharipova A.Kh. , Fedorov R.Yu.
Published: December 2023

On the basis of the archival sources, for the first time an attempt is made to reconstruct settlement of the migrants from the Vitebsk Governorate — the armoured boyars — in the territory of Siberia. The armoured boyars was a category of servicemen who guarded the borders of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and later — of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the an-nexation at the end of the 18th century of the eastern territories of the Commonwealth by the Russian Empire, the armoured boyars joined in the peasant estate. The resettlement to Siberia of separate groups of armoured boyars in the 1840s–1850s caused by the land shortage may be considered as one of the first experiments in organised peasant resettlements to the terri-tory of the Asian part of Russia. The foundation of the source base of this study comprises documents from the holdings of the state archives of Omsk, Tobolsk, Chelyabinsk, and St. Petersburg. Most archival documents are introduced into scientific dis-course for the first time. The main stream of the migrants was directed to the Ishim and Tara Uyezds of the Tobolsk Gover-norate. According to the statistical data, more than 3000 armoured boyars arrived in Siberia with the permission from the gov-ernment. The largest parties of the migrants were domiciled in Utchanskaya and Ilyinskaya Volosts of the Ishim Uyezd. In vari-ous developed places of their compact residence, the living conditions had significant differences. Different settlement models were implemented there, including co-settling armoured boyars with old-settlers, founding villages populated by different groups of resettlers, as well as a separate domicile. The most stable were the large groups of armoured boyars living in relatively fa-vourable conditions. Such examples include the places of their compact residence in the territory of the Ilyinskaya and Loktin-skaya Volosts of the Ishim Uezd. In the meantime, small groups of the migrants, who found themselves in less favourable condi-tions, were much quicker assimilating in the new ethnic environment.
Interdisciplinary research of ash heap sediment near Stepnoye settlement (Chelyabinsk Oblast)
Authors: Kupriyanova E.V. , Solomonova M.Yu. , Trubitsyna E.D. , Kashirskaya N.N. , Filimonova M.O. , Afonin A.S. , Sharapov D.V. , Ivanov S.N. , Ryabogina N.E.
Published: December 2023

An ash heap is defined as a specific object at an archaeological site, usually in the form of a separate hillock containing a layer of finely-dispersed greyish-yellow or ash-coloured soil. The existing assumptions about the formation and functional pur-pose of ash heaps, as special archaeological objects found near the Bronze Age pastoral settlements, have so far been poorly supported by scientific data. At the ash heap near the Sintashta fortified settlement of Stepnoye, Chelyabinsk Oblast, for the first time, large-scale and comprehensive studies were carried out on the structure of these deposits, their granulometric and geo-chemical composition, in combination with the analysis of plant macroremains, paleoparasites, microbiomorphic and palynologi-cal complexes, indicative bacterial groups, and keratinophilic fungi. Judging by the archaeological materials, it is patently obvi-ous that this was a multifunctional object that developed over many centuries and played different roles at different stages. The results of the conducted analyses showed that the 45 cm thick “ash” horizon in the Stepnoye ash heap contains a significant proportion of a fine sand fraction, and not a silty fraction. An increase in the biophilic elements (predominantly calcium, as well as phosphorus and sulphur), accumulated mainly in the organic matter of faunal origin, was noted in the upper bench of the ash layer. However, the high concentration of phytoliths in the “ashy” deposits indicates that the layer was formed mainly as a result of the accumulation of a large amount of plant organic matter. The absence of charcoal and the scarcity of charred macro-remains indicate that the deposited organic material was not burnt but decomposed naturally. The increased content of sapro-trophic bacteria in the “ashy” layer also supports the natural decomposition of an organic matter. The composition of the phyto-lithic and pollen spectrum of the “ashy” horizon is not typical for the steppe of the south of Western Siberia, since it is dominated by a group of mixed herbs with elements of a ruderal flora, and not by cereals. All the data supports the hypothesis that the ash heap is the result of regular practice of cleaning of the floor and interiors of the buildings of the fortified settlement of Stepnoye. This is evidenced by the increase in the number of keratinophilic fungi, which decompose wool and hair and therefore accumu-late in the occupational layer of the structures. Based on the results of the study, the hypotheses that the Stepnoye ash heap is a place of consolidated ash removal or composting of stable manure were rejected.
Book review: Economic development of the Nadymsky District in the first third of the 20th century
Authors: Liskevich N.A.
Published: December 2023

In this article, we present the analysis of publication of the “Project of the Simplest Land and Water Arrangement of the Nadymsky District of the Yamal (Nenets) Okrug of the Omsk Oblast”, prepared on the basis of the outcomes of the 1933–1934 Nadym Land Management Expedition, the materials of which are stored in the funds of the State Archives of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The compiler and executive editor of this volume is E.A. Volzhanina, a well-known specialist in demography and land use of the Nenets, as well as in land management of the northern boundaries of Western Siberia. The scrupulous source study analysis of the archive of the Nadym Land Management Expedition, a description of the methodology for systema-tization and classification of documents, an overview of the cartographic materials available in the archive, and population cen-suses indicating the occupation, social status and places of residence or wandering, by the national councils, represent a par-ticular value. Publication of the documents of the “Project of the Initial Land and Water Arrangement of the Nadymsky District of the Yamalo-Nenets Okrug” includes an introduction and three parts: “A Brief Physical and Geographical Review of the Nadymsky District”, “Economic Description of the Nadymsky District” and “Land Distribution Project”. The high standard of systematization of the archival material, the presence of notes that allow comparing and synthesizing data from different documents, as well as the high information potential of the published sources that could be in demand in historical, ethnographic, socio-economic, and socio-geographical research, are being noted.