bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tecnologias de reconhecimento facial
Authors: Bastos Elísio Augusto Velloso , Esteves Vitória Barros
Published: December 2021

O artigo avalia de que forma as tecnologias de reconhecimento facial se inserem no contexto de vigilância digital e sutil, e quais os riscos sociais ocasionados pelo uso destas ferramentas. Constatou-se que a tecnologia moderna transformou a estrutura da vigilância e possibilitou o aperfeiçoamento dos mecanismos de análise facial. Surgiram novas aplicações para as tecnologias de reconhecimento facial, possibilitando que sirvam “sutilmente” à propósitos vigilantes. Conclui-se pela necessidade de avaliação crítica dos seus usos, principalmente frente aos riscos sociais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória do fenômeno, com caráter teórico-descritivo e viés qualitativo, que é proposto dentro de uma perspectiva crítico e reflexiva sobre as tecnologias de reconhecimento facial, sendo tal compreensão crítica, alicerçada nos referenciais utilizados, pouco explorada pelas pesquisas que tratam sobre este fenômeno e, assim, possuindo originalidade neste campo de pesquisa. Utiliza-se o método dedutivo, o método de procedimento histórico-comparativo e a técnica de pesquisa da documentação indireta.
Objeciones al sistema interamericano de protección de derechos humanos
Authors: Manrique Jorge Isaac Torres
Published: December 2021

Acerca del mismo, es preciso dejar constancia de dos puntos neurálgicos a abordarse. En primer lugar, los excesivos tiempos que toma la Corte IDH para resolver los casos bajo su jurisdicción, así como, para ejecutar las mismas, en los términos dispuestos por la misma.

Ello, en el marco de la paradoja que se presenta entre la quintaesencia de la SIDH, CIDH y Corte IDH, para controlar y asegurar la salvaguarda de los derechos fundamentales y el objetivo desempeño de sus funciones, que va en contra de la propia naturaleza de la que fueron concebidos y puestos en vigencia.
Forecasting the transport mobility of the population (TMP) of the provinces of Syria
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University, Othman D. M. , Roshchin A. I. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the transport mobility of the population (TMP) as a key indicator in the design of the network of regular bus routes, as well as the impact of the existence of such routes on the increase the level of TMP in the region. A survey was conducted for residents of the provinces of Syria, the answers to the questions given by people were analyzed using the SPSS program using the well-known formula for calculating the TMP with the addition of the annual number of transportations of a group of passengers (pensioners, housewives) to the place of their activity. Also, there was taken into account the coefficient of potential transportations in accordance with the characteristics of the provinces of Syria. The values of the TMP (actual and potential ones) in these regions and the average TMP for Syria as a whole are given.
Islandness or Smallness? A Comparative Look at Political Institutions in Small Island States
Authors: Anckar Dag
Published: December 2021

In order to explicate the relevance of the island dimension for political categories, for each of seven political institutions, a series of four comparisons are conducted on a global basis. The first is between small island states and all other states, the second is between small island states and larger island states, the third is between small island states and small mainland states, and the fourth is between island states and mainland states, regardless of size. The finding is that islandness links in many instances to the choice of institutional settings. Political scientists are therefore well-advised to include in their analyses islandness among the factors that shape institutional choices.
MORPHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF RAT BONE MARROW UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF NITRATE SALTS IN INCREASED CONCENTRATIONS
Authors: V. V. Kryvetsʹkyy  , I. Ye. Herasymyuk  , I. I. Kryvetsʹka
Published: December 2021

The study of the qualitative composition of water and food products revealed the increased concentration of nitrates in their composition. Nitric acid salts in toxic doses can lead to disorders of the endocrine system, blood circulation, central nervous system, etc. Bone marrow is one of the most sensitive organs, which is responsible for the formation of cellular elements of blood. The object of our research was to study the morphological peculiarities of the bone marrow of rats under the influence of nitrate salts on the body and to determine the regularities of subacute and chronic hemotoxic effect of xenobiotics on the process of granulocyto-, erythrocyto- and thrombocytopoiesis. The study was conducted on 48 mature male rats. Nitrate Na (NaNO3) was used as xenobiotic. The animals were removed from the experiment on 10th, 30th and 90th day. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the parenchymatous and stromal component of the bone marrow was studied on the samples, stained with hematoxylin and eosin. During the experiment, the most expressed changes were observed in erythron: reduced number of nuclear cells in erythroid islands, signs of their diserythropoiesis – focal vacuolization, abnormal shape and size of the nuclei, their fragmentation, pathological inclusions in cytoplasm. Changes in granulocytopoiesis were expressed by the disturbance of their stratification – precursors with different degree of maturity were present in all parts of the medullary canal. Changes in megakaryocytes were expressed by their focal accumulation in the form of clusters and partial dislocation, regarding the sinusoids. The observations on animals revealed the term-dependent nature of changes in the bone marrow. On the 90th day, a progression of qualitative and quantitative changes in hematopoietic tissue was determined. The hemotoxic effect was expressed by disorders in the maturation of all its precursors – the ratio of parenchyma-stroma was still reduced, dysplastic changes in erythron increased, focal dystrophic changes in the stromal component of the bone marrow were observed.
PECULIARITIES OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF TISSUES AFTER HERNOPLASTIC DURING RECURRENCE OF POSTOPERATIVE VENTRAL HERNIAS
Authors: V. I. Pyatnochka  , I. Ya. Dzyubanovsky  , A. M. Prodan  , T. V. Datsko
Published: December 2021

Considering the results of surgical treatment of postoperative ventral hernias, a significant number of relapses, comprising 4.3-46 %, should be noted, and for large and giant postoperative ventral hernias reaches 80 %. The lack of clear criteria for assessing the local response of the tissues of the anterior abdominal wall to the implantation of various types of mesh implants and the associated early wound postoperative complications and relapses prompts further study of the morphological features of the anterior abdominal wall tissue responses in patients with primary and postoperative ventral hernias. Aim of the study: to establish morphological patterns of the restructuring of the tissues of the anterior abdominal wall in patients with recurrent ventral hernia. Material and methods. An in-depth comprehensive clinical, instrumental and laboratory examination of 1419 patients with primary and postoperative ventral hernia was performed. There were 250 patients with recurrent ventral hernia (17.62 %). Results and conclusions. The use of a “light mesh” in patients with recurrent postoperative ventral hernia in the presence of concomitant NDCT appears to be significantly less lymphohistiocytic and leukocyte infiltration for the surrounding tissue, and reduces the likelihood of postoperative complications. Morphological changes in the tissue of the anterior abdominal wall with NDCT strongly indicate a disorder of its architectonics. It is clinically reflected in the formation of postoperative and recurrent hernias. Separate muscle fibers lose cross striation. In the muscular aponeurotic component without signs of connective tissue dysplasia, the application of various types of nets leads to the formation of elastic and collagen fibers, with minor changes in their architectonics and minimal cell infiltration of the immune inflammation of the extracellular matrix. Disintegration, destructive-dystrophic changes in the architectonics of the connective tissue were observed in patients with signs of NDCT in relapses. When using the “heavy” mesh, significant disorientation, collagenolysis, reduced synthesis of all types of collagens, the phenomenon of thickening of elastic fibers and elastolysis were observed. Inflammatory infiltration, triggered by immune inflammation cells, increased mucoid and fibrinoid edema, which led to homogenization, local lysis, and focal tissue destruction.
ULTRASONIC THROMBOELASTOGRAPHY IN THE SELECTION OF TREATMENT TACTICS WITH POST-OPERATIVE VENOUS THROMBOSIS
Authors: D. V. Khvalyboha  , I. K. Venher  , S. Ya. Kostiv  , A. R. Vaida  , O. I. Kostiv
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study is to prevent the development of pulmonary embolism in patients with postoperative venous thrombosis of the lower vena cava system. The frequency of venous thromboembolic complications in patients with surgical diseases, which is 10-40 %, and high fatality determine the relevance of the suggested research. Materials and methods: the study of the condition of the venous system of the inferior vena cava (IVC) basin and the determination of the sonoelastographic properties of the venous thrombus was carried out by the ultrasonic system Siemens Acuson S2000 (Germany). In the course of the ultrasound investigation of the venous system of IVC, the localization, prevalence of thrombotic processes was established. At the end of the topical diagnosis of venous thrombus, the determination of soneleostographic properties of the thrombus was established by determining the propagation speed of the acoustic wave. Results: The study is based on the results of the examination and operative treatment of 729 patients, of which 205 (28.12 %) underwent surgery on the locomotor system, 378 (51.85 %) – on the abdominal organs, 146 (20.01 %) reconstructive operations on the aorta and trunk arteries of the lower extremities. Operative treatment was suggested to 316 (43.35 %) patients with the very high risk of developing thromboembolic complications, according to J. Caprini score and to 413 (56.65 %) patients with the high risk of developing thromboembolic complications. Thromboprophylaxis in surgery was used in accordance with the USSR provisions. In 118 (16.19 %) observations, the development of postoperative venous thrombosis has been established. Conclusions: embolonoblastic thrombi are considered venous thrombi of the basin of IVC, which on the ultrasonoelastographic examination of proximal segments of the venous thrombus are characterized by the rate of propagation of acoustic waves in the range of 2,5-2,8 m / s. Detection of embolic venous thrombosis is an indication for conducting surgical methods for the prevention of pulmonary embolism.
СHARACTERISTICS OF THE UTERUS IN THE FETAL PERIOD: TOPOGRAPHIC AND MORPHOMETRIC PARALLELS
Authors: D. V. Proniaiev  , R. Ye. Bulyk  , O. P. Kuchuk
Published: December 2021

Scientific literature covers separate data concerning development of the internal female reproductive organs and their age-related and individual anatomical peculiarities during the fetal and early neonatal period of human ontogenesis. The objective of the study is to find chronological succession of development and formation of topographic-anatomical interrelations of the uterus during the perinatal period of human ontogenesis. To achieve the purpose the following methods of morphological examination were used: macroscopic, common and thin section, microscopic, vessel injections, making topographic-anatomical sections, radiological, computed tomography, three-dimensional computed reconstruction, morphometric and statistical. The experimental material (fetal specimens) was divided into two groups: І group – 35 specimens of fetuses deceased during 2017-2019; ІІ group – 105 specimens of fetuses collected during 1995-2000. Physiological disappearance of the channel on the uterus is evidenced by the determined reliable reverse correlations of an average force (r = -0,34) between the width of the uterine fundus which parameters range from 6,0±0,21 mm to 6,4±1,60 mm, and parietal-calcaneal length (PCL) of the fetus. The periods of an intensive enlargement of the uterine morphometric parameters are determined: 4-5 months and 8-10 months. They are characterized by an accelerated enlargement of the uterine fundus width. Thickness of the uterine fundus is found to enlarge most intensively since the 9th month. The width of the uterine fundus in fetuses from II group, 7 months of gestation is reliably longer than that in 4 and 6-month fetuses from the same group (р˂0,05-0,001). This parameter is smaller than that of the 9 and 10-month fetuses (р˂0,05-0,001). It does not differ from the similar one in 8 and 5-month fetuses (р˃0,05). The width of the uterine fundus in 8-month fetuses from II group is reliably similar to that of 5 and 7-month fetuses from the same group (р˃0,05). This parameter is reliably larger than the width of the uterine fundus of 4 and 6-month fetuses (р˂0,001) and reliable smaller than that in 9 and 10-month fetuses (р˂0,05-0,001).
MORPHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF GESTATION REBUILDING OF THE VASCULAR BED IN THE UNTERINE-PLACENTAL AREA IN CASE OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA OF PREGNANCY IN THE ASPECT OF CHRONIC PLACENTAL FAILURE
Authors: O. A. Tiulienieva  , I. S. Davydenko
Published: December 2021

According to the analysis of the results of own studies, the authors found that in the uterine-placental area during pregnancy with iron deficiency anemia of II-III degrees, there are no adequate gestational changes in 60±0.1 % of the spiral arteries, and insufficiency of venous flow is shown by the decrease of the number of vessels to 4.4±0.22 per 1 mm2 of histologic section area and signs of venous stagnation, mainly in the projection of the peripheral areas of the placenta. For the first time, in order to evaluate gestational immaturity of the uterine-placental region depending on the degree of iron deficiency anemia in the aspect of uterineplacental form of lacuna insufficiency, the technique of immunohistochemical imaging of vimentin in the walls of vessels in the projection of the attachment was applied. The revealed features of immune expression of vimentin in the walls of the spiral arteries in the observations with anemia indicated the preservation of leiomyocytes with incomplete gestational transformation of the arteries. The peculiarities of the concentration of vimentin in the walls of the vessels of the microcirculatory bed reflected the disturbances of the processes of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in the uterine-placental region with iron deficiency anemia of II - III degrees.
MODIFICATION OF FORMS OF SPERM IN THE TESTICLES OF MEN WITH INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE GENITOURINARY SYSTEM
Authors: O. M. Sharapova
Published: December 2021

This paper presents information on the process of the formation of germ cells in men with inflammatory diseases of the genital organs that have been exposed to electromagnetic fields.Оbservations of spermatozoa showed that there were more living cells than non-living (respectively, 50.19 % and 48.81 %).During the observation disorder of cell motility was detected in the direction of increasing the number of motionless cells to 37.4 % and sedentary to 56,33 %.The influence of the electromagnetic field led to disruption of the spermatogenesis process at the stage of formation of late spermatids and spermatozoa.As a result of the noncoordinated divergence by acrosome of germ cells, cells with double heads, deformed necks and bifurcated flagella were formed.The sperm heads, which accounted for 32.6 %, subjected to greatest deformation,changes in the structures of the cervix are defined 7.21 % and changes in the structures of the tails – 3.72 %.
INVESTIGATION OF TROPHOBLAST IN TORCH INFECTION ON ABORTION MATERIAL IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY
Authors: A. V. Goshovskaya  , V. M. Goshovsky  , S. M. Yasnikovska
Published: December 2021

This study is a fragment of a series of immunohistochemical studies of trophoblast with TORCH infection, which are scheduled to be carried out at different gestational dates. This article deals with the results of trophoblast studies at the gestational age of 7-8 weeks. The study examined abortion material 7-8 weeks of gestation. The main group of the study consisted of 18 observations of TORCH infection, and the control group consisted of 17 observations of an aborted pregnancy without signs of an infectious process (abortion for social reasons). An immunohistochemical procedure was performed on metalloproteinases-2 with primary antibodies and polymer antigen imaging system using DAKO diaminobenzidine. The method of computer microdensitometry in a specialized computer program ImageJ evaluated the optical density of the color. According to the results of immunohistochemical studies using computer microdensitometry at the gestational age of 7-8 weeks, both with TORCH infection and without it an infectious process, strong expression of metalloproteinase-2 is observed in the invasive trophoblast, the smallest – in the syncytotrophoblast of the chorionic villi, and intermediate values are noted in chorionic villus cytotrophoblast and cell column cytotrophoblast. With TORCH infection the expression of metalloproteinase-2 decreases in all the four types of trophoblast (cytotrophoblast of chorionic villi; cytotrophoblast of cell columns; invasive cytotrophoblast in endometrial fragments), except for syncytotrophoblast of chorionic villi was found.
The state of biogenic monoamine metabolism and processes of their oxidative deamination in patients with gastrocancerogenesis
Authors: I. M. Vasylieva  , E. A. Shevchenko  , Yu. A. Vinnyk  , V. I. Zhukov  , A. S. Tkachenko
Published: December 2021

Biogenic monoamines metabolism and activity of oxidative deamination and their prognostic significance were investigated in patients with gastrocarcinogenesis. Investigation showed dynamic changes in serum levels of biogenic monoamines and activity of platelet MAO-B. Serum dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, DOPA levels decreased, respectively, for II, III and IV stages of gastric cancer. An increase of serotonin and monoamine oxidase activity was observed. Analysis of obtained data showed inhibition of ergotropic body functions, activation of trophotropic processes and processes of biogenic amines deamination were observed in gastric cancer, which might be one of the major reasons for the accumulation of serum ammonia, aldehydes and peroxides-oxidizing agents and endotoxins.
Optimization of a hip replacement technology
Authors: Y. M. Vasylchyshyn
Published: December 2021

A new cemented hip prosthesis was designed and clinically probed which takes into consideration the neckshaft angle variability. Femoral component with inclination angle of 125° was implanted in 22,64 % of patients, with angle 135° in 62,26 % cases, and 145° in 15,09 %. Follow-up results in 160 cases divided into three clinical groups showed mean Harris hip score in main group 84,94±2,28, whereas in two control groups 85,49±1,55 and 82,39±2,56. No statistically significant difference was found; however, mean age in the main clinical group was higher than in the control groups by 9,99 years and by 10,65 years, respectively (p<0,05). Therefore, regardless the fact that mean Harris hip score showed no significant difference in the three clinical groups while mean age in the main group was 10 years higher than in the control groups, conclusion about superiority of the designed prosthesis received indirect confirmation.
Modelling the expert systems during the study of the gender distribution of anthropometric indicators
Authors: P. R. Ivanchuk  , M. A. Ivanchuk  , T. M. Amelina
Published: December 2021

The analysis of anthropometric studies of modern youth was performed. Cluster analysis and sequential Wald analysis were used for building an expert system to study the gender distribution of anthropometric indicators.
Effective application of Quercetin as a maintenance therapy for complete denture in patients with type ii diabetes
Authors: O. O. Maksymiv
Published: December 2021

The efficacy of using Quercetin as maintenance therapy in complete dentures for prevention of inflammatory and degenerative disorders. High efficiency of the proposed preventive measures concerning the preparation of the mucous membrane in patients with diabetes type ІІ has been approved. Application of Quercetin combined in enteral and topical manner (application on the tissue of the prosthetic bed) significantly reduces the clinical manifestations of inflammation, leading to the restoration of the balance of oxidant-antioxidation system and, on the effectiveness of the above conventional enteral administration. Given the fact that the effect of therapeutic measures is unstable and get reduced by some values within 6 months after the treatment twice a year, the patients in this category are indicated repeated courses.
Leptinemia, parameters of heart rate variability, and prognosis in patients with essential arterial hypertension with obesity
Authors: O. Radchenko  , N. Bek  , V. Potapov
Published: December 2021

An examination of 103 patients with essential hypertension and obesity showed the dependence of autonomic cardioregulation, electrical ventricular systole, and prediction of adverse cardiovascular events on the serum leptin concentration (hyper-, normo – or hypoleptinemia).
Some aspects of stable angina treatment: risk of complications assessment in a combined course with COPD
Authors: V. K. Tashchuk  , T. N. Amelinа  , A. S. Polianska  , О. I. Hulaga
Published: December 2021

The effect of carvedilol on indices of pulmonary ventilation in patients with stable angina in combination with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the expediency of its function during stable remission comorbidity has been studied.
Correction of blood aggregation disturbances in girls with uterine bleedings at the age of puberty
Authors: A. H. Khodan
Published: December 2021

We have studied the effect of combined treatment with the use of Arnica montana tincture and mefenamic acid on the characteristics of platelet-vascular and general hemocoagulation potential of the blood, system of fibrinolysis and eicosanoid regulation of primary hemostasis in girls with uterine bleedings at the age of puberty. The implementation of our scheme of combined treatment of girls with anovulatory uterine bleedings at the age of puberty, accelerates regression of disease symptoms, reduces the duration and intensity of bleeding and reduces the duration of treatment.
Plasma proteolytic and fibrinolytic activity in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: T. P. Tsyntar
Published: December 2021

The study involved 30 patients with NASH, 30 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 30 patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in combination with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A substantial enhancement of proteolysis low and high molecular weight proteins, of colagenolytic activity of plasma and nonenzymatic fibrinolysis against reduction of content of α2-macroglobulin in serum and more pronounced decrease in activity of the enzymatic fibrinolysis in this combined pathology.
Problems of monitoring endotoxicosis of septic origin (reference review)
Authors: N. O. Maksymchuk  , V. M. Konovchuk
Published: December 2021

This review of the literature is devoted to contemporary perceptions of endogenous intoxication, and is focused on the methods of diagnosis. The main elements of pathogenesis and peculiarities of their application of sepsis are also highlighted.
A case of successful swyer syndrome treatment in two sisters
Authors: L. I. Sehediy
Published: December 2021

A case of successful Swyer syndrome treatment in two sisters has been described. Phenotypically both patients were women with 46, XY karyotype. Anamnesis: primary amenorrhea and infertility in both cases, an USG scan revealed decrease in size of the uterus and ovaries, laboratory findings: essentially elevated concentration of gonatropins in the blood serum. Laparoscopic gonadectomy has been performed. Hormone replacement therapy has been administered, regular period has developed in both patients under the received hormone replacement therapy. Infertility treatment was provided by an egg donor IVF cycle. The fact of a singleton and twin pregnancies occurrence which resulted respectively in one mature and two premature children confirms effectiveness of the applied treatment method.
University Educational-Practical Centres of the primary medical care – a step to the improvement of the family doctors training
Authors: Sydorchuk L. P. , Biletskyi S. V. , Petrynych O. A. , Ivashchuk S. I. , Kazantseva T. V. , Mel’nychuk L. V. , Nykyfor L. V. , Sokolenko A. A. , Flyundra I. G.
Published: December 2021

The information about the University Educational-Practical Centres of the primary medical care of Bukovinian State Medical University and the peculiarities of the teaching process in present conditions is given.
新興人體胚胎研究技術、 十四天規則和胚胎的特殊地位
Authors: MATTHEWS Kirstin R.W. , LOWE Sam , ILTIS Ana S.
Published: December 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English ; abstract also in Chinese.
胚胎研究的＂十四天規則＂已經在國際上實施了幾十年。當前，很多科學家正在挑戰這一限制，因為技術進步使得人類胚胎和胚胎的細胞模型可以培養到其早期發育階段的後期。一些學者質疑人們長期以來持有的胚胎研究應該受到限制的信念，即超過十四天的胚胎研究是不道德的，他們開始提出替代性指導方針。本文通過回顧“十四天規則”的歷史和受這一規則影響的新興研究領域的情況，審查一項新的關於人類胚胎和類胚胎的指南。我們表明社會和政治哲學、形而上學和倫理學所關注的問題對於解釋和應用新的建議或開發替代方案具有核心作用。至關重要的是，科學家在突破十四天的限制去做任何研究之前，應該制訂明確的、深思熟慮的、且有文化敏感性的指導方針，包括具體限制和監督程式，以確保科學能夠適當地回應社會的需求和價值判斷。
After 40 years of abiding by an international guideline that barred human embryo research beyond day 14 of embryonic development, many scientists are now challenging this limit due to technological advances suggesting that embryos and cell-based models of embryos can be cultured to later points in early development. Some scholars have questioned the long-held belief that research beyond 14 days is unethical and have begun proposing alternative guidelines for research. In this paper, we examine a proposal for new human embryo and embryoid guidelines by reviewing the history of the 14-day limit and emerging areas of research that are impacted by these guidelines. We then show how social and political philosophy, metaphysics, and ethics are central to interpreting and applying these new recommendations or developing alternatives. Before conducting any research beyond day 14, scientists must develop clear, thoughtful, and culturally sensitive guidelines that include limitations and oversight procedures to ensure that science responds to societal needs and values.
論胚胎的道德地位——儒家倫理的視角
Authors: SHEN Xiuqin , PAN Feng
Published: December 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

For 40 years, international rules have limited human embryo research to the first 14 days of embryonic development. On May 26, 2021, in its latest guidelines for stem cell research and its medical applications, the International Society for Stem Cell Research eased the 14-day restriction. This raises myriad ethical issues. At their core is the debate over the moral status of embryos, which exposes ethical conflicts between cultural perspectives. This article discusses the moral status of embryos and argues from the perspective of Confucian ethics that the 14-day limit should not be waived at the present moment.
論人體胚胎研究“軟法”修改之正當性
Authors: DING Chunyan
Published: December 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

This commentary briefly discusses the substantive and procedural justifications for amending the longstanding 14-day rule, a soft-law limitation on the culturing of human embryos. The 14-day rule was established on the basis of general recognition of the human embryo's special status, accompanied by widespread public conversation and engagement. In principle, amending this rule would require the same substantive and procedural justifications. However, such justifications were absent prior to the lifting of the rule by the ISSCR in its 2021 guidelines. This article also discusses the value and importance of the 14-day rule to the development of human embryo research in the last three decades. Discarding the rule without the proper substantive and procedural justifications is likely to damage public trust and confidence in future human embryo research.
人類自然的身體性狀是不應被技術改造的嗎？
Authors: LIU Yue Shu
Published: December 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

Human beings always try to transcend their limitations. Emerging technologies provide a set of powerful tools that promise to significantly improve human performance, stimulating the desire of some technical experts to transform the human body. Against this backdrop, superhumanism has come into being in today's society and is flourishing. Superhumanism has been criticized by some Chinese scholars on the basis of traditional Chinese thought. Their criticism of superhumanism is a difficult task that involves multi-level reflection on human nature, technology, and value. I argue that for the issue of superhumanism, theoretical innovation is more important than continuing to invoke traditional thought.
儒家為什麼反對超人類主義？
Authors: YANG Qianqian
Published: December 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

The concept of human enhancement is a key to understanding transhumanism. According to Confucian ethics, the supervision of human enhancement technology is vital because we are facing the reasonable expectation of achieving “the unity of heaven and man.” (The idea of harmony between man and nature is not exclusive to Confucianism; it can be found in other schools of thought in the pre-Qin dynasty period, especially the philosophy of Taoism. However, the idea is uniquely expressed and developed in Confucianism.) Furthermore, human enhancement makes people unable to “settle in their place.” Therefore, Confucianism cannot accept it.
STRATEGI ALTERNATIF PENETAPAN HARGA DENGAN PENDEKATAN DISKRIMINASI HARGA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN VOLUME PENJUALAN CAFÉ SEMANIS KAMU
Authors: Oktavia Yolanda , Cecep Safa’atul Barkah  , Tetty Herawaty  , Lina Auliana
Published: December 2021

This research was conducted at Café Semanis Kamu which aims to find out the right alternative strategy used to increase sales volume. This research was conducted with a descriptive qualitative method with sources of information obtained by interviews and literature study. The data analysis method uses an approach Internal Resources Based Analysis, VRIN Analysis (Valuable, Rare, Imitability, Non-Substitution), Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA) Analysis, and TOWS (Threats, Opportunities, Weakness, Strengths) Analysis. The results of data processing with this approach formed a price discrimination strategy with two program proposals, namely making package & reservation catalogs, and making special discounts.
DESAIN LAPORAN KEUANGAN UMKM BERBASIS MICROSOFT EXCEL PADA SUNSHINE LAUNDRY
Authors: Pantow Andreuw , Ivoletti M. Walukow  , Christony Maradesa  , Esrie A. N. Limpeleh
Published: December 2021

This study aims to design the financial statements of Sunshine Laundry using the Microsoft Excel application. The research method was descriptive qualitative.  Instruments of data collection was down through interview in the form of questions regarding the recording of financial statements.  While the data collection instrument with documentation, was done through namely evidence of transactions that occurred in the business.  The results of this study indicate that the design of financial statements with Microsoft Excel helps Sunshine Laundry in compiling financial reports in accordance with EMKM accounting standards.  The design of financial reports using Microsoft Excel is assisted by data flow diagrams to describe the flow of the system consisting of a menu design sheet, module 1, module 2, price list, transaction list, account type, chart of account, general journal, income statement, and statement of financial position.
Contactless Heart Rate Estimation From Facial Video Using Skin Detection and Multi-resolution Analysis
Authors: Ben Salah Khawla , Othmani Mohamed , Kherallah Monji
Published: December 2021

This paper introduces a remote Photoplethysmography (rPPG), which is used to estimate human heart rate without any physical contact, has been extensively applied in multiple fields like medical diagnosis, analysis of human emotions, rehabilitation training programs, biometric, and fitness assessments. The rPPG signals are usually ex- tracted from facial videos. However, it is still a challenging task due to several contributing factors, e.g., variation in skin tone, lighting condition, and subject’s motion. Accordingly, in this work, a novel approach based on deep learning skin detection method and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is employed to precisely estimate heart rate from facial videos. In the proposed method, by implementing the DWT, the signal is decomposed into approx- imations and details parts thereby it helps in analyzing it at different frequency bands with different resolutions. The results derived from the experiments show that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on the UBFC-RPPG database.
The effects of emotional intelligence and ethics of SME employees on knowledge sharing in Central-European countries
Authors: Mura Ladislav , Zsigmond Tibor , Machová Renáta
Published: December 2021

Research background: The research examines the impact of emotional intelligence and ethics on knowledge sharing within organizations. It examines the impact of emotional intelligence (EQ) on the ethical behavior of the individual. The focus is on the individuals working in the SME sector. A questionnaire survey was considered the most appropriate technique to conduct the research. The study is based on 1162 responses, collected from three countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia).

Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to examine the relationship between knowledge sharing, ethics and emotional intelligence. Furthermore, nationality, gender, education, and the age of the respondents influencing EQ are also examined. The additional goal is to explore the factors that influence employee behavior.

Methods: We identified four hypotheses. To test these hypotheses, we used variance analysis and logistic regression. The AES scale was chosen to assess EQ, which consisted of 33 items. The results obtained are compared with the opinion of SME owners resulting from structured interviews.

Findings & value added: About 20% of enterprises are not using any motivation tool to initiate knowledge sharing of their employees. The most common (47.2%) reason for silencing knowledge ? the lack of appreciation ? did not appear among the answer of company owners. According to the employee perceptions, gender has impact on the level of emotional intelligence, while nationality, education and age group have no impact on the EQ. SME owners do not address much attention to gender. The occurrence of unethical behavior does not depend on the size of the enterprise. According to employee opinion, the EQ has positive impact on knowledge sharing, while it is not affected by ethics. The majority of owners also agreed with the positive impact of EQ. The attitude of employees and owners differ in different aspects. The results have shown that gender plays an influential role in EQ. The research of this complex problem laid down the empirical foundations for the V4 countries.
Cosmopolitan Theory: Examining the (Dis-)location of Imagology
Authors:   Dublin City University, Le Juez Brigitte
Published: December 2021

Being interdisciplinary, reflexive and analytical, theory has practical effects, questioning assumptions such as those related to discourse, meaning or identity, and exploring the circumstances in which texts are produced. It offers new conceptual tools and provides an argumentative method. Fields such as imagology have benefitted from the outset from the variety of theories reflecting the intellectual progress of their times, in particular in connection with the study of the relationship between Self and Other, thus providing new perspectives on the uses of preconceived ideas in artistic, written and visual, representations. In view of the current context of migratory flows and societal upheavals, it seems topical to examine the theories feeding the field of imagology today. Traditionally, history, psychology and sociology have proved instrumental in the building of essential notions pertaining to the sphere. More recently, studies have drawn on new approaches connected to reception, translation, gender and education studies, widening the imagological scope and its range of methodological tools. This article examines the nature of the imagological undertaking, its current spread worldwide, and shows how this comparative literary field upholds a cosmopolitan ethos.
Crossing Borders in Film Theory and Adaptation Studies
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Gheorghe Cezar
Published: December 2021

The history of film theory is full of what we might call migrating concepts. From the Russian Formalists which, in their Poetica Kino (Poetics of cinema) adapt concepts initially created as part of literary theory (fabula vs. syuzhet, film as language, cine-stylistics) to David Bordwell and Kristin Thompson and their formalist inspired approach to film studies, from André Bazin and his theory of realism, inspired by phenomenological concepts, the history of film theory can be thought of as a genealogy of crossing borders. The circulation of concepts from literary theory to film theory is also quite astonishing in the theory of adaptation. In the study of the adaptation of literary works for cinema, the travel of concepts (the crossing of borders) can be observed and analysed especially in narrative theory and adaption theory.
Trails of Cultural Memory: Rediscovering Shylock as a Father Figure in the 21st Century
Authors:   Ovidius University of Constanța, Ștefan Elena Ancuța
Published: December 2021

Given that in the last few decades theories of adaptation have advanced enormously, with such names as Linda Hutcheon setting the theoretical premise of these ideas, it is essential to see how certain aspects present in canonical texts have been translated into present-day literature. In this paper, I discuss how the father-daughter relationship in The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare, has been (re)interpreted through the carrying of similar characters and situations in the novel Shylock Is My Name by Howard Jacobson. The novel does not only serve as a means of projecting old ideas as new, but it also provides the stage of resolution for such prominent characters as Shylock. In order to have a broader understanding of the (re)interpreted father-daughter relationship, this chapter will take into account the sociological symbolism of the contemporary text, with Erik Erikson’s descriptions of adolescence in the foreground.
La integración europea como proyecto económico. El papel del modelo productivo en la falta de gobernanza democrática
Authors: Sánchez González Alberto
Published: December 2021

En este texto presentamos el proceso de integración europea como el resultado de las dinámicas económicas de cada momento histórico. Buscamos establecer una relación entre el modelo productivo, las relaciones sociales y de producción y los avances en el proceso de integración, así como el modelo de gobernanza resultante.

Revisamos, igualmente, la atención que prestan neofuncionalismo e intergubernamentalismo a las lógicas de acumulación dentro del capitalismo como motor de la integración.

Así, a través de una aproximación histórica, buscamos comprender cómo las lógicas que se encuentran detrás de la integración europea han condicionado su modelo actual de gobernanza, deparando las estructuras de decisión en materia económica de los mecanismos de participación política ciudadana y control popular.
À la recherche d’un équilibre écosystémique dans les dispositifs de recherches participatives
Authors: Dionne Liliane , Savoie-Zajc Lorraine
Published: December 2021

Cet article a pour objectif d’apporter un éclairage aux dimensions qui unissent des chercheur·e·s et des praticien·ne·s dans les dispositifs de recherches participatives (RP), ainsi qu’aux défis méthodologiques qu’ils peuvent présenter. Une recherche participative ayant réuni enseignant·e·s et chercheur·e·s sur le thème des pratiques d’enseignement en sciences sert de point d’appui pour dégager de telles clarifications. Les résultats révèlent que l’engagement des enseignant·e·s dans la RP contribue à leur développement professionnel et améliore leurs pratiques pédagogiques. Ils révèlent également des tensions méthodologiques nécessitant des ajustements dans la conduite et le design des RP.
River as a flow of commodities: The reasoning behind the third Danube regulation in Bratislava by Enea Grazioso Lanfranconi
Authors: Bočková Monika
Published: December 2021

The channel of most of the rivers is the result of long-term human endeavour to modify their shape. This paper focuses on the flow of commodities juxtaposed with the physical water flow of the river that has served over centuries as one of the main means of goods transport. The topic is closely observed on the example of the Danube regulation in Bratislava at the end of the nineteenth century and the transformation of the river into a canal. The reasons for the individual interventions in the natural riverbed differed. The third regulation (1886 - 1896) was meant to add the missing part of the canal on the route between the North and Black Seas, which would be fully adapted for freight transport by steamer. The 19th century has introduced a new paradigm to city planning. In the belief in technical innovation, the planning process was undertaken by engineers. The paper places in confrontation the oeuvre of two engineers, Charles-Joseph Minard and Enea Grazioso Lanfranconi. While the former, a French civil engineer, brought a unique way of visualizing the flow of goods between territories based on statistical data, the latter, a Hungarian hydraulic engineer, is the author of the third regulation of the Danube in the section between Devín (Theben) and Gönyű (Gönyö). For the purpose of the paper, the original theoretical work of Enea Grazioso Lanfranconi was translated and analysed. Selected data from Lanfranconi’s work was interpreted visually.
3D Mathematical Modelling Technology in Visual Rehearsal System of Sports Dance
Authors: Chen Chen , Alotaibi Fahd S , Omer Rowa E.E.
Published: December 2021

Computer vision technology and video image processing technology in the visual rehearsal of sports dance is a hot research topic. Based on this research background, the thesis uses 3D mathematical modelling technology to interpolate and extract the captured sports and dance movement information to make the final synthesised human animation natural, smooth and lifelike. At the same time, the thesis realises the method of action cohesion through the definition of characteristic action unit attributes and association constraints. Then, it applies it to the visual rehearsal system of sports dance. Finally, the analysis of experimental results proves that the proposed method can improve the precision and recall of rehearsal.
A Scenario-based Model for Resource Allocation with Price Information
Authors: Ghiyasi Mojtaba , Dehnokhalaji Akram
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we consider the problem of allocating resources among Decision Making Units (DMUs). Regarding the concept of overall (cost) efficiency, we consider three different scenarios and formulate three Resource Allocation (RA) models correspondingly. In the first scenario, we assume that overall efficiency of each unit remains unchanged. The second scenario is related to the case where none of overall efficiency scores is deteriorated. We improve the overall efficiencies by a pre-determined percentage in the last scenario. We formulate Linear Programming problems to allocate resources in all scenarios. All three scenarios are illustrated through numerical and empirical examples.
Dimensions of Students’ Satisfaction with Residential Housing and its Impact on their Loyalty – A South African Study
Authors: Nhlabathi Mthobisi
Published: December 2021

As an important component of student lifestyle, satisfaction with residential housing has become important in examining student housing quality and services. The current study used five attributes – bedroom environment, building quality, washroom facilities, support services, and leisure room facilities – to examine the relationship between student satisfaction with and loyalty to their residential housing. Each construct was measured using four items on a five-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 ‘Strongly disagree’ to 5 ‘Strongly agree’. The data were collected from South African students aged 18 years and above in tertiary institutions in Johannesburg, using paper-based questionnaires. Four hundred and forty-three (443) usable questionnaires were obtained for the analysis. The results showed that all the attributes, except for the bedroom environment, had a positive and significant relationship with student loyalty to student housing, although the effect was small for all the attributes. The control variables – age and gender – showed a similar relationship in regards to student loyalty. Academic and management implications of this study’s results are also discussed extensively. Overall, students’ satisfaction with residential housing dimensions has a positive and significant impact on their loyalty to the providers of residential housing.
Modelling of Institutional Capacity within Study of Energy Transition Dynamics
Authors: Farenhorste-Mikane Ieva , Bazbauers Gatis , Blumberga Andra , Blumberga Dagnija , Ijabs Ivars
Published: December 2021

Institutional capacity is enabling environment for interactions between individuals and organizations. Understanding the changes required regarding the institutional capacity is needed to remove barriers and stimulate transition to sustainable energy systems. The aim of this study was to identify those barriers to understand what type of changes of the institutional capacity is required. Review of publications was done with focus on the three critical domains for clean energy transition – social acceptance, climate and energy policy and critical materials. In result, the most important aspects of the institutional capacity that form the barriers as well as stimulus in the three domains were identified. Causal loop diagram providing a systemic viewpoint on the important elements and interactions within the mentioned three domains is presented. Results of the study can be used for system dynamics model of energy transition.
Правовые проблемы осуществления космической деятельности государствами Азии
Authors: Малышева Н. Р. , Негода С. А.
Published: December 2021

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Боеприпасы из обедненного урана
Authors: Шенгелия М. М.
Published: December 2021

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Проблема соотношения внутригосударственного права России и международного права: исторический аспект
Authors: Хижняк В. С.
Published: December 2021

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Войска на иностранных территориях - по какому праву? (The Handbook of the Law of Visiting Forces / Ed. Dieter Fleck. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York 2001, xxxv, 625 p.)
Authors: Демуренко А. В.
Published: December 2021

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Из истории формирования правового регулирования чрезвычайных ситуаций
Authors: Бойченко Ю. А.
Published: December 2021

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Механизмы разрешения споров и предотвращения конфликтов между государствами-участниками СНГ
Authors: Анисимов Л. Н.
Published: December 2021

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Судебная юрисдикция по делам о трансграничных нарушениях авторских и смежных прав в сети Интернет
Authors: Барановский П. Д.
Published: December 2021

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Новое учебное пособие (Международное частное право: Учебник для вузов. Подготовлен коллективом авторов под редакцией профессора Н.И. Марышевой. Москва, 2000 г. - 532 с.)
Authors: Бекяшев К. А. , Скачков Н. Г.
Published: December 2021

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Международный суд ООН на новом этапе
Authors: Верещетин В. С.
Published: December 2021

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