bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alisol B 23-Acetate Increases the Antitumor Effect of Bufalin on Liver Cancer through Inactivating Wnt/β-Catenin Axis
Authors: Ye Miaoqing , Tang Yinghui , He Jinyu , Cao Xueyan , Liu Jiaojiao , Kou Shaojie , Yang Yueqing , Xue Jingdong , Li Fenping
Published: May 2022

Objective. Liver cancer seriously threatens the health of people. Meanwhile, it has been reported that bufalin could act as an inhibitor in liver cancer. In addition, alisol B 23-acetate is a natural product derived from Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn which has an antitumor effect. In this study, we aimed to explore whether alisol B 23-acetate could increase the antitumor effect of bufalin on liver cancer. Methods. In order to detect the effect of alisol B 23-acetate in combination with bufalin on liver cancer, human liver cancer SMMC-7721 and MHCC97 cells were used as subjects. Bufalin and alisol B 23-acetate were performed on cells. Cell viability was tested by MTT assay. In addition, flow cytometry was performed to assess the cell apoptosis. Autophagy-related protein levels were tested by western blotting. Results. The data revealed that bufalin significantly decreased the viability of liver cancer cells, and the inhibitory effect was further increased by alisol B 23-acetate. In addition, alisol B 23-acetate notably enhanced the apoptotic effect of bufalin on liver cancer cells through mediation of Mcl-1, Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3. Meanwhile, alisol B 23-acetate in combination with bufalin induced the autophagy in liver cancer cells through mediation of Beclin-1 and p62. Furthermore, alisol B 23-acetate in combination with bufalin significantly downregulated the level of GSK-3β and increased the expression of β-catenin in liver cancer cells. Conclusion. In summary, these findings provide the first evidence that alisol B 23-acetate improves the anticancer activity of bufalin on liver cancer through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin axis, and these outcomes might shed new lights on exploring the new methods against liver cancer.
Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Seismic Performance of Precast Bridge Piers
Authors: Wang Jia , Li Fangyuan
Published: May 2022

Precast technology is increasingly favoured by bridge engineers, and the seismic performance of precast bridge piers urgently needs to be addressed. Precast piers have a complex load-bearing mechanism, and their design method has not been clearly determined. Fibre plastic hinge theory can satisfactorily analyse the seismic performance of precast piers. In this study, the seismic performance of precast piers is analysed through numerical simulation of pier columns based on the pseudostatic testing of a set of existing precast piers and combined with fibre plastic hinge theory. The results show the following: With reasonable constructional measures, precast piers connected by grouted sleeves indeed have seismic performance similar to that of cast-in-place components. Finite-element programs can be employed to simulate the mechanical properties of steel rebars before yielding well but not those after yielding or under fatigue. When fibre plastic hinges are used for finite-element analysis, if the fibre cross-section is reasonably divided, the length of the plastic hinge has little influence on the results; otherwise, too densely distributed plastic hinges may lead to nonconvergence of the results in a later working condition. The plastic hinge method recommended in this paper, especially the sectional fibre-cross-section division method, can obtain the plastic hinge performance state, it can help save the test cost and make up for the shortage of test data.
Double‐Gene Copromoting Expression Analysis in tPA/GH Transgenic Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells and Thrombolytic Activity of tPA In Vitro
Authors: Song Shaozheng , Luo Yaoling , Liu Zhaoxia , Li Dan , Ye Junsong , He ZhengYi
Published: May 2022

Human tissue‐plasminogen activator (tPA) is a thrombolytic drug widely used in the treatment of stroke, pulmonary thrombosis, acute myocardial infarction, and other thrombotic diseases. The double genes cointegrated into the organisms and cells can produce a synergistic effect, which will improve the expression level of the target gene. However, the study of the integration of the GH and tPA genes to improve the expression level of tPA has not yet been reported. In order to elucidate this, we generated monoclonal goat mammary epithelial cell lines with tPA/GH double‐gene integration and analyzed the tPA expression level in single‐ and double‐gene integrated cells. We selected the mammary gland‐specific expressing vectors BLC14/tPA and BLC14/GH with the β‐lactoglobulin gene as a regulatory sequence in our previous research. The tPA and GH genes were electronically cotransfected into goat mammary epithelial cells. Resistant cell lines were screened by G418, and transgenic monoclonal cell lines were confirmed by PCR. The tPA expression was induced by prolactin and detected in the cell induction solution after 48 h by ELISA and Western blotting. We detected the tPA biological activity in vitro by fibrin agarose plate assay (FAPA). The results showed that a total of 207 resistant monoclonal cells were obtained, including 126 cell lines with tPA monogenic integration and 51 cell lines with tPA/GH double‐gene integration. The rate of double‐gene integration was 24.6% (51/207). A total of 48 cells expressed tPA, of which 25.3% (19/75) cells expressed single gene, and 56.9% (29/51) cells expressed double genes. The concentration of tPA in single‐gene‐expressing cells was 8.0‐64.0 μg/mL, and the tPA level in double‐gene‐expressing cells was significantly higher (200‐7200 μg/mL). In addition, the tPA had a relatively strong in vitro thrombolytic activity determined by FAPA. The results showed that goat mammary epithelial cell lines with tPA/GH gene integration were successfully established by electrotransfection, and the expression level of tPA in double‐gene integrated cell lines was significantly increased. This study provided a new way for the preparation of a transgenic goat and other animal with high tPA expression by somatic cell nuclear transfer. The findings also laid a foundation for efficient production of pharmaceutical proteins in transgenic animal mammary gland bioreactors in the future.
Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus aureus from Milk and Milk Products, Associated Factors for Contamination, and Their Antibiogram in Holeta, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremedhin Endrias Zewdu , Ararso Addisu Bedashu , Borana Bizunesh Mideksa , Kelbesa Kebede Abdisa , Tadese Nega Desalegn , Marami Lencho Megersa , Sarba Edilu Jorga
Published: May 2022

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium-contaminating milk and milk products causing food poisoning primarily due to its enterotoxins. The study aimed at estimating the prevalence of S. aureus in milk and milk products, assessing potential risk factors for contamination, and determining the load and the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolates. A cross-sectional study design was employed to collect a total of 486 samples, comprising 383 raw milk, 47 bulk tank milk, 29 curd milk (Ergo), and 28 Ethiopian cottage cheese (Ayib) samples. Enumeration, isolation, and identification of S. aureus were carried out following standard microbiological techniques. Antibiogram was performed using 12 antimicrobials following the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between the occurrence of S. aureus in milk and milk products and potential risk factors. The overall prevalence of S. aureus was 10.69% (52/486) [95% confidence interval (CI):8.09–13.79%]. The prevalence of S. aureus in raw milk, curd milk, bulk tanks at the farm, bulk tanks at milk collection facilities, and cottage cheese was 8.64%, 24.14%, 14.73%, 23.08%, and 14.29%, respectively. The rate of isolation of S. aureus was significantly high in curd milk than in other types of samples (P = 0.010). The study revealed that teat washing (OR: 4.93, 95% CI: 2.06–11.81), use of towel (OR: 12.13, 95% CI: 3.74–39.29), and tick infestations (OR: 4.31, 95% CI: 1.28–14.44) were risk factors associated with the occurrence of S. aureus in milk. About 48.39% of the milk samples assessed had the S. aureus count higher than 105 CFU/ml. The highest rate of resistance was observed to ampicillin (95%), amoxicillin (95%), oxacillin (87.5%), and cefotaxime (80%). All isolates are resistant to at least two classes of antimicrobial drugs, while 65.0% of the isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant. The moderate prevalence, high load, and antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus indicate the higher public health risk due to the widespread consumption of raw milk in the area. Good hygienic practices, regular surveillance of antimicrobial resistance, and prudent use of drugs are suggested.
Novel Link Establishment Communication Scheme against Selfish Attack Using Node Reward with Trust Level Evaluation Algorithm in MANET
Authors: Hemalatha S. , Kshirsagar Pravin R. , Manoharan Hariprasath , Vasantha Gowri N. , Vani A. , Qaiyum Sana , Vijayakumar P. , Tirth Vineet , Haleem Sulaima Lebbe Abdul , Chakrabarti Prasun , Teressa Dawit Mamiru
Published: May 2022

Mobile network nodes are trustworthy nodes; the data access in transmitting and receiving the data packet is not efficient in different network procedures. The malicious nodes are available in routing path making the packet loss, in packet transmission for time instance. Since the regular mobile network must not verify every mobile node approved else illegal, subsequently the reserved level of nodes also was not considered, to injure the packet transmission procedure by link failure called connection loss. It minimizes the transmission rate and network lifetime and improves packet latency and energy usage. The proposed novel link establishment communication (NLEC) technique is used to find the dependable routing path against intruder node available in the network. This scheme selects genuine node for routing path production, by using the node reward with dependence level estimating algorithm to compute every node trust level and resource range, to disconnect higher trust level node and lower trust level node; higher trust level node is a genuine node which performs secure communication. Lower trust level node is selfish node and they are detected and ignored from path. It increases the lifespan of network and throughput and minimizes the end to end delay and energy consumption.
Bone Metastases in Patients with Leiomyosarcoma: A Retrospective Analysis of Survival and Surgical Management
Authors: LiBrizzi Christa L. , Vankara Ashish , Meyer Christian F. , Levin Adam S. , Morris Carol D.
Published: May 2022

Background. Leiomyosarcomas (LMS) are malignancies with smooth muscle differentiation. Metastasis to the bone is not uncommon. The literature on the clinical course and management of such metastases is limited. Our study describes the clinical course of LMS to the bone, including survival rates, prognostic factors, and surgical management. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed 396 LMS patients presenting at an academic center between 1995 and 2020. We included LMS patients diagnosed with bone metastases and excluded patients with primary LMS of bone. We evaluated survival time with the Kaplan–Meier survival method and used Cox’s proportional hazards regression analysis to determine factors associated with survival. Results. Forty-five patients with LMS (11%) had bone metastases. The most common LMS subtypes with bone metastases were uterine (N = 18, 40%) and retroperitoneal (N = 15, 33%). Bone metastasis was not an independent predictor of mortality by Cox regression analysis (HR 1.0, 95% CI: 0.67–1.5). Patients more frequently metastasized to the axial (N = 29, 64%) than to the appendicular (N = 5, 11%) skeleton. Bone was the first site of metastasis in 13 patients (29%). Patients presented with bone metastases at a median of 32.7 months (IQR: 5.2, 62.6) after initial LMS diagnosis. Twelve patients (27%) sustained a pathologic fracture. Twenty (44%) required surgical management, with 30 surgeries total. Three (15%) had a failure of reconstructive constructs. The median overall survival time was 69.7 months (IQR: 43.2, 124.5). There were no associations between the LMS subtype and survival. Pathologic fracture was an independent predictor of mortality by Cox regression analysis (HR 5.4, 95% CI: 1.8–16). Conclusion. The majority of patients with metastatic LMS to bone survive greater than 5 years and frequently require surgical intervention. Extended survival in this patient population should inform fixation and implant choice. No anatomic subtype was associated with risk for bone metastases. Pathologic fracture was associated with worse survival.
Investigation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Aircrafts in a Rarefied Gas Flow Using the Moment Method
Authors: Sakabekov Auzhan , Madaliyeva Saltanat , Yergazina Ryskul
Published: May 2022

A one-dimensional nonstationary nonlinear moment system of equations and an approximation of Maxwell’s microscopic boundary condition will be introduced. The flight speed and surface temperature of the aircraft are included in the moment system of equations as coefficients. Macroscopic boundary conditions also depend on the surface temperature of the aircraft. The quantity of macroscopic boundary conditions for the moment system of equations depends on the parity of the approximation number of the moment system of equations. We state the initial and boundary value problem for the moment system of equations in the third approximation under macroscopic boundary conditions. This paper proves the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the abovementioned problem in the space of functions continuous in time and summable in the square by spatial variable. The theorem on the existence and uniqueness of a solution of the initial and boundary value problem for the moment system of equations in the third approximation is proved by the method of a priori estimation and using the Galerkin method and Tartar’s compensated compactness method.
On Stability of Continuous Cooperative Static Games with Possibilistic Parameters in the Objective Functions
Authors: Garg Harish , Edalatpanah S. A. , El-Morsy Salwa , El- Wahed Khalifa Hamiden Abd
Published: May 2022

The objective of this paper is to present a novel idea about the continuous possibilistic cooperative static game (Poss-CCSTG). The proposed Poss-CCSTG is a continuous cooperative static game (CCSTG) in which parameter associated with the cost functions of the players involves the possibility measures. The considered Poss-CCSTG is converted into the crisp α-CCSTG problem by using the α-cuts and hence into the multiple objective nonlinear programming problem. To solve the formulated α-CCSTG problem, an interactive approach is presented in the study with the use of the reference direction method. Further, the Lexicographic weighted Tchebycheff model is derived to obtain the weights. Also, a parametric study corresponding to the α-possibly optimal solution is defined and determined. Finally, a decision-maker can compare their desired solution with the attainable reference point and the weak efficient solution. The presented model is illustrated with a numerical example and its advantages are stated.
Efficiency Analysis of the Crop Production in China in 2019 and 2020: Role of Uncertainty Perceptions in COVID‐19
Authors: Yuan Yue-Si , Cao Zi-Yi , Chen Yu-Ting , Gong Pei-Lin , Huang Guo-Hui , He Lu
Published: May 2022

This paper employs data envelopment analysis (DEA) to determine crop production efficiency in 15 major provinces of China during 2019‐2020. The total power of agricultural machinery, the application amount of chemical fertilizer, the irrigation area of cultivated land, the area of grain sowing, and the total capacity of reservoirs in each province are defined as the input items. The production of food, production of oil plants, and production of fruits are considered output items. According to the findings from the DEA, the most efficient crop production is observed in Shandong and Xinjiang provinces. We also discuss the role of farmers’ uncertainty perceptions in COVID‐19. By cluster analysis, the provinces with large grain sown area and high grain yield are Henan and Heilongjiang, the provinces with moderate grain production in the grain sown area are Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guizhou, and Yunnan, and Xinjiang, Shandong, Hebei, Anhui, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Inner Mongolia, and Jilin are the provinces with low grain production.
Progress Planning Method of Strength Quality Training of Volleyball Players Based on Data Mining
Authors: Chen ZhaoChun , Wang Lei , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: May 2022

In order to better realize the training effect of volleyball players’ strength quality and accelerate the training progress of volleyball players’ strength quality, this paper puts forward the planning method of volleyball players’ strength quality training progress based on data mining, constructs the training management system of volleyball players’ strength quality by using data mining algorithm, and excavates the evaluation indexes of volleyball players’ strength quality training quality, Finally, through experiments, it is confirmed that the volleyball player strength quality training schedule planning method based on data mining has high practicability in the process of practical application and fully meets the research requirements.
Image Multithreshold Segmentation Method Based on Improved Harris Hawk Optimization
Authors: Dong Weizhen , Chen Yan , Hu Xiaochun
Published: May 2022

In order to improve the accuracy and performance of traditional image threshold segmentation algorithm, this paper proposes a multithreshold segmentation method named improved Harris hawk optimization (IMHHO). Firstly, IMHHO adopts Tent map and elite opposition-based learning to initialize population and enhance the diversity. Secondly, IMHHO uses quadratic interpolation to generate new individuals and enhance the local search ability. Finally, IMHHO adopts improved Gaussian disturbance method to disturb optimal solution, which coordinates the local and global search ability. Then, the performance of IMHHO is tested based on 14 benchmark functions. In image segmentation, different algorithms are tested to compare the comprehensive performance based on Otsu and Renyi entropy. Experiments show that IMHHO performs better in the three kinds of benchmark functions; the segmentation effect is directly proportional to the number of thresholds; compared with other algorithms, IMHHO has better comprehensive performance.
Differentiable Network Pruning via Polarization of Probabilistic Channelwise Soft Masks
Authors: Ma Ming , Wang Jiapeng , Yu Zhenhua
Published: May 2022

Channel pruning has been demonstrated as a highly effective approach to compress large convolutional neural networks. Existing differentiable channel pruning methods usually use deterministic soft masks to scale the channelwise outputs and explore an appropriate threshold on the masks to remove unimportant channels, which sometimes causes unexpected damage to the network accuracy when there are no sweet spots that clearly separate important channels from redundant ones. In this article, we introduce a new differentiable channel pruning method based on polarization of probabilistic channelwise soft masks (PPSMs). We use variational inference to approximate the posterior distributions of the masks and simultaneously exploit a polarization regularization to push the probabilistic masks towards either 0 or 1; thus, the channels with near-zero masks can be safely eliminated with little hurt on network accuracy. Our method significantly relieves the difficulty faced by the existing methods to find an appropriate threshold on the masks. The joint inference and polarization of probabilistic soft masks enable PPSM to yield better pruning results than the state of the arts. For instance, our method prunes 65.91% FLOPs of ResNet50 on the ImageNet dataset with only 0.7% model accuracy degradation.
Mechanical Characterization of Biocomposites Reinforced with Untreated and 4% NaOH-Treated Sisal and Jute Fibres
Authors: Archana D. P. , Jagannatha Reddy H. N. , Paruti Basavaraju
Published: May 2022

Composites reinforced with natural fibres have gained popularity compared to synthetic fibre-reinforced polymer composites due to their environmental sustainability, despite their reduced stiffness and load-bearing capability. In this work, the biocomposites reinforced with sisal and jute fibres which are made by hand layup technique were investigated for mechanical and water absorption characteristics. The effect of a 4 percent NaoH treatment concentration on the aforementioned properties was investigated. The specimens’ tensile and flexural broken surfaces were morphologically characterized to investigate microstructural failures. The experimental results show that, compared to untreated fibre-reinforced composites, the biocomposites reinforced with 4 percent NaoH-treated fibre exhibit higher tensile, flexural, and impact strengths, as well reduced water absorption rate. These composites are aimed to be used for strengthening existing civil structures as a retrofitting element.
Protective Effect of Targeted Fluid Therapy on Patients with One-Lung Ventilation
Authors: Zhao Ji-bo , Li Yuan-li , Xia Deng-Yun , Sun Xiao-Jia , Li Fu-Long , Xing Zhen
Published: May 2022

Objective. To evaluate the protective effect of target-directed fluid therapy on the lungs and postoperative rehabilitation in elderly patients with single-lung ventilation undergoing total endoscopic radical resection of esophageal cancer. Methods. Seventy elderly patients who underwent total endoscopic radical resection of esophageal cancer from January 2017 to December 2019 in our hospital were selected and divided into two groups by the random number table method: the goal-directed fluid treatment group (group G, n = 35) and the control group (group C, n = 35). Venous blood was extracted before surgery (T1), at the end of free esophagus (T2) by thoracoscopy, at the end of abdominal surgery (T3), and at the end of surgery (T4). IL-6 and IL-10 levels were detected by ELISA. The clinical pulmonary infection score (CIPS) was used to evaluate the pulmonary inflammation on the second day after surgery and the occurrence of complications. Duration of antibiotic use and length of hospital stay were recorded. Results. At T1, there were no significant differences in IL-6 and IL-10 levels between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). At T2, the IL-6 level in group G increased to 26.65 ± 1.80 pg/ml but was significantly lower than that in group C (32.28 ± 3.22 pg/ml) (

P
<
0.01

). At T3 and T4, IL-6 and IL-10 levels in group G were significantly lower than those in group C (

P
<
0.01

). The CIPS score of group G was lower than that of group C (1.5 ± 1.0 vs 2.7 ± 1.4), and the duration of antibiotic use in group G was shorter than that in group C (211.2 ± 15.4 vs 232.6 ± 18.7 h), with statistical significance (

P
<
0.01

). The incidence of complications in group G was lower than that in group C (28.6% vs 40.0%), and the length of hospital stay in group G was shorter than that in group C (10.5 ± 1.7 vs 11.2 ± 1.9 days), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Target-directed fluid therapy inhibited inflammatory cytokine levels and had better lung protection, but no significant benefit in the complications or the length of hospital stay was observed.
Zhuye Shigao Decoction Combined with Qingqi Huatan Pills in Alleviating the Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Phlegm-Heat Stagnating in the Lungs) via the IL-6-Mediated JAK1/STAT3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chen Yunkun , Zhang Wenbin
Published: May 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease with a long course which is often induced by an acute exacerbation of the disease by a respiratory tract infection. We aimed to explore the effect of Zhuye Shigao Decoction combined with Qingqi Huatan Pills on the regulation of the interleukin (IL)-6-mediated JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway in rats with an acute exacerbation of COPD (phlegm-heat stagnating in the lungs). A model of COPD rats with lung phlegm-heat stagnation was established by smoking and intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The rats were randomly divided into eight groups: normal control, model control, three doses of herbs group, and three doses of herbs + itacitinib groups. The lung function indexes were measured by using a lung function tester, and changes in pathological features of all groups were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The mRNA expression and protein expression levels in lung tissues were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot, and immunohistochemical assay, respectively. Following treatment, IL-6 expression in lung tissues was significantly reduced compared with the model group. The results demonstrated that the medication was effective in alleviating the persistent airflow limitation and pathological features in COPD rats. Expression of JAK1/STAT3 in lung tissues was remarkably decreased. The JAK1/STAT3 pathway was inhibited, while SOCS3 expression was upregulated in the drug-treated groups compared with model control. However, after the addition of itacitinib (JAK1 inhibitor), the efficacy in each group was evidently impaired compared with herbs alone. Taken together, Zhuye Shigao Decoction combined with Qingqi Huatan Pills could improve the persistent airflow limitation and reduce lung inflammation and pathological changes of COPD possibly by regulating the expression of the IL-6-mediated JAK1/STAT3 pathway.
Ordered Uniform Convexity in Ordered Convex Metric Spaces with an Application to Fixed Point Theory
Authors: Beg Ismat
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we introduce the concept of ordered uniform convexity in ordered convex metric spaces and study some properties of order uniform convexity. Finally, as application, we connect our results with existence of fixed points for monotone non-expansive mappings defined on these spaces.
M2 Tumor Associate Macrophage- (TAM-) Derived lncRNA HISLA Promotes EMT Potential in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Guo Yuanyuan , Li Zhong , Sun Wei , Gao Wuyue , Liang Yujie , Mei Zhijie , Liu Beibei , Wang Rui
Published: May 2022

Background. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are M2-like phenotype macrophages which contribute to the tumor progression in tumor microenvironment. The precise mechanisms of TAMs were intricated, and recently, it has been illustrated that TAM-derived exosomal lncRNAs played pivotal roles in the tumor development. In the present study, we investigated the role of TAM-derived exosomal lncRNA HISLA in bladder cancer. Materials and Methods. Effects of TAM exosomes and exosomal lncRNA HISLA on migration and invasion in bladder cells were detected by wound healing assay, transwell assay, and western blot assay. Differential expression of lncRNA HISLA in exosomes derived from M0 or TAMs was examined by qRT-PCR. Western blot assay was used to classify the precise molecular mechanisms. Results. We found that TAM-derived exosomes significantly promote the migration and invasion abilities of bladder cells. Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers was obviously affected by TAM exosome administration. Furthermore, we found that the expression of lncRNA HISLA was specifically elevated in TAM exosomes and TAM exosome-treated bladder cells. Silencing of lncRNA HISLA was found to suppress the processes of migration, invasion, and EMT in bladder cells. In addition, we found that β-catenin levels were downregulated, and Ser33 phosphorylated β-catenin levels were increased by HISLA siRNA treatment. At last, we found that HISLA stabilized β-catenin expression through preventing interaction between GSK3β and β-catenin. Conclusion. In conclusion, our results investigated the prometastatic role of exosomal lncRNA HISLA derived from TAMs in bladder cancer and suggested TAM-derived HISLA as a promising therapeutic target of bladder cancer.
Analysis of Physical, Ocular, and Aquaphobic Properties of Zirconium Oxide Nanofilms by Varying Sputtering Pressure
Authors: Kumar Sujit , Dave Vikramaditya , Krishnan Muthamil Bala , Amudha V. , Gomathi S. , Soni Sanjay , Jeelani Syed Hamim , Subbiah Ram , Negash Kassu
Published: May 2022

A thin coating of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) is placed on outdoor high‐voltage insulators to minimize air fouling. ZrO2 thin film coatings were deposited on glass substrates using a DC sputtering (reactive magnetron) technique with sputtering pressures ranging from 5 to 25 mTorr. Characterization of the deposited films was carried out utilizing approaches such as XRD, AFM, CAG, and spectrophotometer. Following the XRD peaks, when 15 mTorr is reached, the average crystallite size increases, after which it begins to decline. The wettability of the deposited thin layer is associated with the coarseness calculated by AFM. At 15 mTorr pressure, maximum aquaphobic is achieved (107.45°). At this pressure, the transmittance and bandgap were similarly determined to be 90% and 5.43 eV, respectively.
The Impact of Lockdown, Patient Classification, and the Large‐Scale Case Screening on the Spread of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in Hubei
Authors: Wang Shengtao , Li Yan , Wang Ximei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yuan Yiyi , Li Yong
Published: May 2022

The coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) which emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, is widely controlled now in China. However, the global epidemic is still severe. To study and comment on Hubei’s approaches for responding to the disease, the paper considered some factors such as suspected cases (part of them are influenza patients or common pneumonia patients, etc.), quarantine, patient classification (three types), clinically diagnosed cases, and lockdown of Wuhan and Hubei. After that, the paper established an SELIHR model based on the surveillance data of Hubei published by the Hubei Health Commission from 10 January 2020 to 30 April 2020 and used the fminsearch optimization method to estimate the optimal parameters of the model. We obtained the basic reproduction number from 10 to 22 January. was calculated as 2.0471 from 23 to 27 January. From 28 January to 30 April, . Through analysis, it is not hard to find that the patients without classification during the period of confirmed cases will result in the cumulative number of cases in Hubei to increase. In addition, regarding the lockdown measures implemented by Hubei during the epidemic, our simulations also show that if the lockdown time of either Hubei or Wuhan is advanced, it will effectively curb the spread of the epidemic. If the lockdown measures are not taken, the total cumulative number of cases will increase substantially. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the lockdown, patient classification, and the large‐scale case screening are essential to slow the spread of COVID‐19, which can provide references for other countries or regions.
Construction of a Six-Pronge Intelligent Physical Education Classroom Model in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Zhou Lihua , Tang Qiang
Published: May 2022

A main form of information construction in colleges and universities is smart campus, which is a new model based on the improvement and perfection of digital campus construction. The development of smart campus is inseparable from the support of technologies such as Internet of Things (IoTs), cloud computing, and big data. By perceiving the teaching environment and intelligently identifying the characteristics of teachers and students, it can be used as a basis to improve the physical education, teaching environment, and digital teaching space, that is, an intelligent and diversified teaching environment for college teachers and students. In this study, we introduce an intelligent teaching mode into physical education classroom, construct the “six-pronge” intelligent classroom model, and apply the model by setting up a control and an experimental group to study the application effects of the proposed model in physical education teaching. The control group consists of the students who do not adopt the teaching mode, while students in the experimental group use the intelligent physical education teaching model. Through a comparative analysis, students’ physical education classroom teaching atmosphere, students’ learning interest and learning attitude, the proposed intelligent physical education classroom model are tested and verified. The analysis results show that after implementation of the “six-pronged” intelligent physical education classroom model, the physical education classroom atmosphere is active, and students have strong interest in learning and correct learning attitude. We believe that the model can help students complete pre-class preparation, in class teaching and after class practice supervision, and obtain a lot of knowledge about physical training. In addition, the model can help to cultivate students’ lifelong physical education learning and exercise habits, and greatly improve the quality of physical education classroom teaching in colleges.
Further on Inequalities for (α, h − m)‐Convex Functions via k‐Fractional Integral Operators
Authors: Yan Tao , Farid Ghulam , Demirel Ayşe Kübra , Nonlaopon Kamsing
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate new generalized k‐fractional Hadamard and Fejér–Hadamard integral inequalities for (α, h − m)‐convex functions. To prove these inequalities, k‐fractional integral operators including the generalization of the Mittag–Leffler function are used. The results presented in this article can be considered an important advancement of previously published inequalities.
[Retracted] Identification of lncRNA Biomarkers and LINC01198 Promotes Progression of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps through Sponge miR‐6776‐5p
Authors: Wang Xueping , Zhu Xiaoyuan , Peng Li , Zhao Yulin
Published: May 2022

Background. Chronic sinusitis (CRS) was a chronic inflammation that originated in the nasal mucosa and affected the health of most people around the world. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) was one kind of chronic sinusitis. Emerging research had suggested that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) played vital parts in inflammatories and inflammation development. Methods. We acquired GEO data to analyze the differential expression between the miRNA, immune genes, TF, and lncRNA data in CRSWNP and the corresponding control tissues. Bioinformatic analysis by coexpression of endogenous RNA network and competitive way enrichment, analysis, and forecasting functions of these noncoding RNA. The different pathway expressions in CRSwNP patients were confirmed using GSVA to analyze the differentially expressed immune genes and TF data sets in CRSwNP patients. The differential immune gene and transcription factor data set in CRSwNP perform functional notes and protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network structure. We predicted the potential genes and RNAs related to CRSWNP by constructing a ceRNA network. In addition, we also used 19 hub immune genes to predict the potential drugs of CRSWNP. lncRNA biomarkers in CRSwNP were identified by lncRNAs LASSO regression. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to contrast the divergence in immune infiltrations between CRSwNP and usual inferior turbinate organizations in 22 immunocyte subgroups. Results. We identified a total of 48 miRNAs, 304 lncRNAs, 92 TFs, and 525 immune genes as CRSwNP‐specific RNAs. GO and KEGG pathways both analyzed differentially expressed immune genes and transcription factor data sets. We predicted the potential genes GNG7, TUSC8, LINC01198, and has‐miR‐6776‐5p by constructing ceRNA and PPI networks. At the same time, we found that the above genes were involved in two important pathways: chemokine signal path and PI3K/AKT signal path. In addition, we predicted 5 small molecule drugs to treat CRSwNP by analyzing 19 central immune genes, namely, danazol, ikarugamycin, semustine, cefamandole, and molindone. Finally, we identified 5 biomarkers in CRSwNP, namely, LINC01198, LINC01094, LINC01798, LINC01829, and LINC01320. Conclusions. We had identified CRSwNP‐related miRNAs, lncRNAs, TFs, and immune genes, which may be making use of latent therapeutic target for CRSwNP. At the same time, we identified 5 lncRNA biomarkers in CRSwNP. The results of this study showed that LINC01198 promoted the progression of CRSwNPs through spongy miR‐6776‐5p. Our studies provide a new way for further analyses of the pathogenesis of CRSwNP.
The Q‐Time Deformed Wave Equation
Authors: Al-Hossain Ahmad Al-Nashri , Altoum Sami H.
Published: May 2022

For q ∈ (0,1), we introduce the q‐time deformed wave equation; using the q‐derivative, the solution of the q‐time deformed wave equation is given. Also, we introduce the free‐time wave equation which is a limit case q⟶0 of the q‐time deformed wave equation.
Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Alterations in Cochlear Metabolic Profiling in Mice with Noise‐Induced Hearing Loss
Authors: Miao Long , Zhang Juan , Yin Lihong , Pu Yuepu
Published: May 2022

Noise‐induced hearing loss (NIHL) has always been an important occupational hazard, but the exact etiopathogenesis underlying NIHL remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to find metabolic biomarkers involved in the development of NIHL based on a mouse model using a gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) metabolomics technique. We showed that the auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds at the frequencies of 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 32 kHz were all significantly elevated in the noise‐exposed mice. Noise could cause outer hair cell (OHC) loss in the base of the cochlea. A total of 17 differential metabolites and 9 metabolic pathways were significantly affected following noise exposure. Spermidine acting as an autophagy modulator was found to be 2.85‐fold higher in the noise‐exposed group than in the control group and involved in β‐alanine metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism pathways. Additionally, we demonstrated that LC3B and Beclin1 were expressed in the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), and their mRNA levels were increased after noise. We showed that SOD activity was significantly decreased in the cochlea of noise‐exposed mice. Further experiments suggested that SOD1 and SOD2 proteins in the SGNs were all decreased following noise exposure. The upregulation of spermidine may induce LC3B‐ and Beclin1‐mediated autophagy in the cochlear hair cells (HCs) through β‐alanine metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism and be involved in the NIHL. ROS‐mediated oxidative damage may be a pivotal molecular mechanism of NIHL. Taken together, spermidine can be regarded as an important metabolic marker for the diagnosis of NIHL.
Development of an Automated Liquid Biopsy Assay for Methylated Markers in Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Fackler Mary Jo , Tulac Suzana , Venkatesan Neesha , Aslam Adam J. , de Guzman Timothy N. , Mercado-Rodriguez Claudia , Cope Leslie M. , Downs Bradley M. , Vali Abdul Hussain , Ding Wanjun , Lehman Jennifer , Denbow Rita , Reynolds Jeffrey , Buckley Morgan E. , Visvanathan Kala , Umbricht Christopher B. , Wolff Antonio C. , Stearns Vered , Bates Michael , Lai Edwin W. , Sukumar Saraswati
Published: May 2022

Current molecular liquid biopsy assays to detect recurrence or monitor response to treatment require sophisticated technology, highly trained personnel, and a turnaround time of weeks. We describe the development and technical validation of an automated Liquid Biopsy for Breast Cancer Methylation (LBx-BCM) prototype, a DNA methylation detection cartridge assay that is simple to perform and quantitatively detects nine methylated markers within 4.5 hours. LBx-BCM demonstrated high interassay reproducibility when analyzing exogenous methylated DNA (75–300 DNA copies) spiked into plasma (coefficient of variation, CV = 7.1%–10.9%) and serum (CV = 19.1%–36.1%). It also demonstrated high interuser reproducibility (Spearman r = 0.887, P < 0.0001) when samples of metastatic breast cancer (MBC, N = 11) and normal control (N = 4) were evaluated independently by two users. Analyses of interplatform reproducibility indicated very high concordance between LBx-BCM and the reference assay, cMethDNA, among 66 paired plasma samples [MBC N = 40, controls N = 26; Spearman r = 0.891; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.825–0.933, P < 0.0001]. LBx-BCM achieved a ROC AUC = 0.909 (95% CI = 0.836–0.982), 83% sensitivity and 92% specificity; cMethDNA achieved a ROC AUC = 0.896 (95% CI = 0.817–0.974), 83% sensitivity and 92% specificity in test set samples. The automated LBx-BCM cartridge prototype is fast, with performance levels equivalent to the highly sensitive, manual cMethDNA method. Future prospective clinical studies will evaluate LBx-BCM detection sensitivity and its ability to monitor therapeutic response during treatment for advanced breast cancer.

Significance:

We technically validated an automated, cartridge-based, liquid biopsy prototype assay, to quantitatively measure breast cancer methylation in serum or plasma of patients with MBC, that demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity.
Larotrectinib Response in NTRK3 Fusion-Driven Diffuse High-Grade Glioma
Authors: König David , Hench Jürgen , Frank Stephan , Dima Laura , Bratic Hench Ivana , Läubli Heinz
Published: May 2022

High-grade glioma (HGG) and glioblastoma are the most common adult malignant brain tumors. The standard treatment consists of surgical resection followed by radiochemotherapy with temozolomide. The prognosis and the therapeutic options of these malignant brain tumors however are limited. Here, we describe a case of a patient with HGG with a previously unknown NTRK3 fusion that showed an extraordinary response to treatment with larotrectinib. This case supports regular testing for NTRK fusion proteins.
Glucocorticoids and Rates of Biphasic Reactions in Patients with Adrenaline-Treated Anaphylaxis: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Nagata Shimpei , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Jo Taisuke , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yasunaga Hideo
Published: May 2022

Background: The effectiveness of glucocorticoids in preventing biphasic reactions in patients with anaphylaxis remains controversial. Objective: We evaluated the effects of glucocorticoids on rates of biphasic reactions in hospitalized patients with anaphylaxis treated with adrenaline. Methods: In this retrospective observational study using a national inpatient database in Japan, we identified 31,570 hospitalized patients with anaphylaxis treated with adrenaline on the day of admission. We divided them into two groups: those who were treated with adrenaline plus glucocorticoids and those who received adrenaline only on the day of admission. The primary outcome was the occurrence of a biphasic reaction, defined as requiring two or more ampules of adrenaline within 7 days of admission. We performed a one-to-four propensity score matching analysis to compare the outcomes between the two groups. Results: Of the 31,570 eligible patients, 28,145 (89.2%) were treated with glucocorticoids on the day of admission. The overall percentage of biphasic reactions within 7 days of admission was 11.2%. One-to-four propensity score matching created matched cohorts of 3,425 patients in the control group and 13,700 patients in the glucocorticoid group. After propensity score matching, there were no significant differences in rates of biphasic reactions (10.7% in the glucocorticoids group vs. 10.5% in the control group; odds ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.85–1.24; p = 0.77) between patients with anaphylaxis treated with and without glucocorticoids on the day of admission. Conclusion: Our findings do not support the use of glucocorticoids to prevent biphasic reactions in hospitalized patients with severe anaphylaxis requiring adrenaline.
Bias in Stroke Evaluation: Rethinking the Cookie Theft Picture
Authors: Steinberg Amy , Lyden Patrick D. , Davis Arielle P.
Published: May 2022

Despite a current emphasis on equity in stroke care, one of the most common stroke assessment tools that is used both nationally and internationally, includes an anachronistic image that projects cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic bias. This image, titled The Cookie Theft picture, is included in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and was originally developed in 1972. Now, 50 years later, it does not reflect our current diverse, linguistically rich, and multicultural patient population.
Opioid Prescribing Behavior in the Emergency Department During Routine Orthopedic Manipulations
Authors: Medline Alexandra , Wham Robert , Kim Grace , Staley Christopher , Steck Alaina , Boissonneault Adam , Schenker Mara L.
Published: May 2022

Background

The emergency department (ED) often represents the first exposure orthopedic trauma patients have to prescription opioids and thus a critical opportunity for prevention of potential long-term opioid use. This study will analyze the impact of opioid prescribing patterns among both ED providers and orthopedic surgery residents on the utilization of opioids during routine orthopedic trauma manipulations.

Materials and methods

This retrospective study reviewed opioid utilization among patients with an ankle or distal radius fracture at a large, urban, level 1 trauma center. Data on clinical providers, patient demographics, and injury severity score (ISS) were collected. Total opioid use was reported in oral morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Regression analyses were performed to determine how provider opioid prescribing intensity affected administered MME.

Results

Five-hundred and ninety-five patients were included. The mean MME administered was 40.84 (SD 30.0) and was inversely associated with ISS (R = −.05; P = .40). Patients treated by a high-intensity ED prescriber had approximately three times higher odds of receiving over 40.84 MME (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.33-5.90 P = .07). For those with an ISS score less than 15, the presence of a low-intensity orthopedic resident decreased the odds of receiving over 40.84 MME from 2.25 to 1.78 in the presence of a high-intensity ED prescriber.

Conclusion

For isolated orthopedic manipulations in the ED, involvement of a low-intensity prescribing orthopedic resident significantly decreased the quantity of opioids administered for those with lower ISS injuries, thus effectively mitigating the effect of high-intensity prescribing behavior prescriber.
‘I cannot sustain the workload and the emotional toll’: Reasons behind Australian teachers’ intentions to leave the profession
Authors: Heffernan Amanda , Bright David , Kim Misol , Longmuir Fiona , Magyar Bertalan
Published: May 2022

Concerns are mounting about the attraction and retention of teachers in Australian schools. This study draws upon a questionnaire of 2444 Australian primary and secondary school teachers, which revealed that only 41% of respondents intended to remain in the profession. Through a thematic analysis of the qualitative data within the questionnaire, we use employee turnover theory to enable an understanding of the reasons 1446 of the respondents described as influencing their intentions to leave the profession. These reasons included heavy workloads, health and wellbeing concerns for teachers and the status of the profession. We also use turnover theory to analyse responses from all 2444 respondents and explore possible mitigating strategies or practices that might reduce turnover intention, including meaningful reductions in workload and raising the status of the teaching profession. In doing so, we contribute nuanced qualitative empirical insights which can inform policy and practice.