bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Biodiesel Spray Combustion in Internal-Combustion Engine using Multidimensional Models
Authors: Zheng Qiuyu , Wang Xu , Liu Yi , Jiang Feng , Liu Tianqi
Published: December 2021

With the rapid scale expansion of the first generation of bio-liquid fuels, its impact on the prices of agricultural products, food security and the environment has begun to emerge and attracted extensive attention from governments and academia. A new multi-dimensional model of biodiesel spray combustion in an internal combustion (IC) engine is designed. Firstly, the BP neural network mining model is used to extract the spray combustion data of the IC engine. Then, based on the combustion data of biodiesel load in an internal combustion engine, burning rate and heat release, the principle of spray combustion of biodiesel is analyzed. Finally, from the two aspects of gas-phase control and liquid phase control, a multi-dimensional model of biodiesel spray combustion in IC engine is established and the spray combustion characteristics of biodiesel in IC engine are analyzed. The research results show that the model can effectively analyze the effect of load and fuel temperature on the spray combustion characteristics of biodiesel and the results of the model are almost the same as the actual data and the calculation accuracy is high. It is an effective method for studying the spray combustion characteristics of biodiesel.
Multi-objective Optimisation of Torsion Beam Structure of Driverless Vehicle Chassis for Improved Fatigue Resistance
Authors: Huang Ligang , Wang Jing
Published: December 2021

The fatigue resistance of the torsion beam is the keyway to prolong the service life of the chassis of the driverless vehicle. The rigid-flexible coupling finite element model of the chassis is constructed using anti-fatigue algorithm. In this model, the stress time history of the torsion beam is obtained by modal stress recovery. The nominal stress method is used to analyze the fatigue life of the structure. It is known that the structure weight affects the fatigue life, so the algorithm aims at lightening the structure to realize the improved fatigue resistance of the torsional beam structure. The parametric model of torsion beam is constructed with mass and fatigue life as optimization objectives, first-order torsion mode frequency and torsion stiffness as constraints. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MPSO) based on the Kriging model is used to achieve improved fatigue life of the torsion beam. After optimization, the structural weight of the torsion beam is reduced by 19.20%, and the light-weight and anti-fatigue effect are better than the baseline design.
Acceleration Anomaly Detection Method for Sensor Axle Box of Unmanned Vehicle
Authors: Yu Ling , Wang Lei
Published: December 2021

Detecting the anomaly acceleration of the sensor’s axle box of unmanned vehicles is very important for judging the wear condition of vehicle track and evaluating the state of the track. A capacitive accelerometer is connected with acquisition equipment to collect the information of train axle box’s acceleration change when the vehicle is running; instrument amplifier AD8250 with a digitally programmable gain is selected as system signal conversion chip to realize acceleration signal conversion; sliding variance of axle box’s acceleration of the unmanned vehicle is calculated based on sliding variance statistical analysis method, which is confirmed by time window and distance window. Fixing the width of a sliding window according to the response statistics caused by the line excitation link, the acceleration sliding variance is compared with the standard one to determine whether the acceleration is in an anomaly state. The test results show that the anomaly acceleration of the sensor axle box of the unmanned vehicle detected by the proposed method is consistent with the actual results, which provides a reliable basis for vehicle track condition assessment.
Clustering Algorithm for Vehicle’s Driving Data Feature based on Integrated Navigation
Authors: Guo Na , Zhu Yiyi
Published: December 2021

The clustering result of K-means clustering algorithm is affected by the initial clustering center and the clustering result is not always global optimal. Therefore, the clustering analysis of vehicle’s driving data feature based on integrated navigation is carried out based on global K-means clustering algorithm. The vehicle mathematical model based on GPS/DR integrated navigation is constructed and the vehicle’s driving data based on GPS/DR integrated navigation, such as vehicle acceleration, are collected. After extracting the vehicle’s driving data features, the feature parameters of vehicle’s driving data are dimensionally reduced based on kernel principal component analysis to reduce the redundancy of feature parameters. The global K-means clustering algorithm converts clustering problem into a series of sub-cluster clustering problems. At the end of each iteration, an incremental method is used to select the next cluster of optimal initial centers. After determining the optimal clustering number, the feature clustering of vehicle’s driving data is completed. The experimental results show that the global K-means clustering algorithm has a clustering error of only 1.37% for vehicle’s driving data features and achieves high precision clustering for vehicle’s driving data features.
Vehicle Body and Roll Cage Assessment involving Frontal, Side and Roll-over Crash Analysis by FEA using LS-Dyna
Authors: Hariram V. , Venkatesh K. , Venkata Saidev M. , Surisetty Mahesh M. , Vinothkumar M. , Karunakar Rao Kogapu , Seralathan S. , Micha Premkumar T.
Published: December 2021

Simulating the vehicle collision has gained importance in the automotive sector due to its accuracy, cost effectiveness and enhanced reliability. It aids in improving the safety of driver and passenger and also examine the cause of crash or collision. This numerical analysis investigates the materials capability to enhance safety. A three-dimensional vehicle model was developed along with its roll cage using solid work tool. Hypermesh work bench was employed to discretise the sensitive parts of the body and roll cage using beam 189 element having six degree of freedom at each node. The existing structural steel members were replaced with reinforced carbon fibre in all the sensitive part of the body and roll cage and its structural stability was assessed using the frontal, side and roll over crash simulation using LS Dyna. This investigation also reveals the change in internal energy, kinetic energy absorption and momentum transfer for both structural steel and carbon fiber under all the crash scenarios. The outcomes of this numerical investigation proved that the reinforced carbon fiber can be effectively replaced with the structural steel to enhance safety.
Thermal and Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis of Exhaust Manifold of Multi-cylinder IC Engine
Authors: Dara Sai Pradeep T. , Premkumar Micha , Krishna Kishore C. , Mahesh P. , Surya Kiran Kollu , Hariram V. , Seralathan S.
Published: December 2021

The exhaust manifold of multi cylinder IC engine is kept in between the engine block and the catalytic converter. So the exhaust manifold is exposed to very high temperature and care should be taken at the critical zone during the design stage. At several critical zones of the exhaust manifold, large compressive deformations are generated at elevated temperatures and tensile stresses remain at cold conditions. The thermal analysis will help in estimating the deformations and stress concentrations due to thermal loads. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to perform thermal analysis and conjugate heat flow analysis of an exhaust manifold of a multi-cylinder engine. The 3D model is generated using SolidWorks and analysis is carried out using Ansys workbench. Materials like grey C.I., aluminium nitride, silicon nitride, and stainless steel are used in this analysis. The results of total heat flux, directional heat flux and temperature distribution were compared. Silicon nitride material is suggested to be the suitable material for engine exhaust manifolds based on the material mechanical properties and thermal distribution-related thermal stress developed on the exhaust manifold.
Stability and Ride Comfort Performance of Three-Axle City Buses due to the Third Axle Position: A Comparative Approach
Authors: Dias C. , Americo P. , Landre J. , Campolina M. , Vieira V. , Cunha P.
Published: December 2021

The efficiency of public transport is fundamental for the city traffic. Taking this as a goal and linking with the financial and structural situations of each market, new technologies regarding city buses have emerged in recent years and one of them is studied in a comparative way in the present work. A new city bus which has 15 meters length, front-engine and three-axles. The great difference of this vehicle is the positioning of the third axle near to the front axle of the vehicle instead of the traditional configuration whereupon this axle is located near the rear axle. With the aid of MATLAB/Simulink, the two mentioned vehicle models were generated with eighteen degrees of freedom and were tested in two different manoeuvrers, passing through a bump and then a sequence of turns. At the end of the work, it was possible to conclude that the new city bus presents less oscillations in terms of roll and pitch angles in addition to smaller vertical displacements for the same proposed manoeuvre, which leads to greater passenger comfort.
Comparative Analysis of MacAdam Model and PI Control in a Predictive Driver Model
Authors: Dias C. , Landre J. , Americo P. , Campolina M. , Marino L. Marino , Vieira V. , Cunha P.
Published: December 2021

Autonomous vehicles are the future of automotive engineering and understanding how this systems work is critical. In these vehicles, controller models are usually needed to generate signals that would normally be imposed by the driver e.g., steering angles, acceleration inputs and braking commands. Intuitively, each control method utilized has its peculiarities and presents different behaviours. In such situation, this paper aims to develop an error comparison between a car displacement and its reference path due the use of two different predictive driver controllers: The proportional-integrative and the MacAdam model. For this purpose, a 14 degrees of freedom vehicle model is used with the aid of MATLAB Simulink, whereas simulations were made using the double-lane change manoeuvre, a commonly used manoeuvre to analyse the vehicle dynamics performance. At the end of this paper, lateral acceleration, displacement and steering wheel angle analysis led the conclusion that the vehicle behaviour is smoother with the use of the proportional-integrative control regardless of longitudinal velocity. Nevertheless, the trajectory error is smaller for MacAdam model than PI controller is and therefore it is easier to follow the reference path with this one, although in aggressive maneuverers it can cause more discomfort and increase the risk of rolling when compared to the PI controller in a vehicle with the same body stiffness.
A reference genome for the critically endangered woylie, Bettongia penicillata ogilbyi
Authors: Peel Emma , Silver Luke , Brandies Parice , Hogg Carolyn J. , Belov Katherine
Published: December 2021

Biodiversity is declining globally, and Australia has one of the worst extinction records for mammals. The development of sequencing technologies means that genomic approaches are now available as important tools for wildlife conservation and management. Despite this, genome sequences are available for only 5% of threatened Australian species. Here we report the first reference genome for the woylie (Bettongia penicillata ogilbyi), a critically endangered marsupial from Western Australia, and the first genome within the Potoroidae family. The woylie reference genome was generated using Pacific Biosciences HiFi long-reads, resulting in a 3.39 Gbp assembly with a scaffold N50 of 6.49 Mbp and 86.5% complete mammalian BUSCOs. Assembly of a global transcriptome from pouch skin, tongue, heart and blood RNA-seq reads was used to guide annotation with Fgenesh++, resulting in the annotation of 24,655 genes. The woylie reference genome is a valuable resource for conservation, management and investigations into disease-induced decline of this critically endangered marsupial.
STRUCTURAL & DYNAMIC ANALYSES AND SIMULATION OF MOBILE TRANSPORTATION ROBOT
Authors: DEMİR Neslihan , SUCUOĞLU Hilmi Saygın , BÖĞREKCİ İsmail , DEMİRCİOĞLU Pınar
Published: December 2021

In this study, structural and dynamic analyses were applied to the mobile transportation robot to find the structural strength and to calculate the power and torque requirements. The mobile transportation robot was designed using CAD software as two modules; mecanum wheeled locomotion module and robotic arm module, respectively. The analyses were carried on the CAE Software using the static structural and rigid body dynamics tools. In the structural analysis, the weight of the robot and the additional load (98.1 N) were applied to the body of the robot. The material of the robot body was selected as Aluminum 6061 O sheet metal. In the dynamic analysis, the operation environment and conditions were simulated in the CAE software. The structural analysis results showed that the factor of safety value was obtained as 10.282 under applied loads and this value indicates that the chassis of mobile transportation robot is supposed to carry loads reaching up to 30 kg without any functional and mechanical problem. Furthermore, from the dynamic analysis, the total torque requirement of the mobile robot was about 16.56 Nm.
Historiography of German Entrepreneurship in Siberia in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries
Authors: Goncharov Yurii M. , Klimova Olga G.
Published: December 2021

The historiography of ethnic entrepreneurship in pre-revolutionary Siberia has not yet been fully investigated. Individual works of researchers studied German entrepreneurship exclusively through the broader topic of foreign capital and its importance in the state economy. The subject of this article is historiography concerning the history of German entrepreneurship in the Siberian region. The purpose is to analyze the corresponding works on the history of entrepreneurial activity of the Germans in Siberia in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. In this study both general and specialized scientific methods are used, which allowed to carry out a coherent analysis of the works of researchers on ethnic entrepreneurship in order to identify the main characteristics and approaches used. We have identified the characteristics and trends of German entrepreneurship considered by historians. German immigrants in Siberia in the second half of the 19th century became one of the main driving forces of the agrarian development in the region; they retained farms, acting both as independent merchants and as managers of firms. Historiographic analysis allows to formulate a conclusion about the positive influence of German entrepreneurship on the socio-economic development of Siberia in the period preceding the October Revolution. The article is of interest to researchers, teachers of history, and students of the humanities.
Muslim Population in the Siberian Cities according to the Census of 1897
Authors: Brukhanova Elena A. , Nezhentseva Natalya V. , Chekryzhova Oksana I.
Published: December 2021

Processes of urbanization and modernization created preconditions for qualitative changes in the demographic, social and professional structure of the cities, as well as for the formation of specific socio-professional groups. Meanwhile the active region development contributed to the individual ethno-confessional communities and diasporas formation and institutionalization in cities.

The main authors’ task in to identify the ways of forming and the role of the Muslim community in the Siberian cities, based on the analysis of aggregated and nominative materials of the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897. The use of census lists makes for the specificity and novelty of the study. On the one hand, the data allow to obtain the most complete list of Muslim persons who were in the cities at the time of the census; on the other hand, it helps to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the demographic, social and occupational characteristics of the Muslim population.

We present the socio-demographic characteristics of Muslims who lived in Siberia at the late 19th century including the map of the Muslims’ location in the counties, as well as their number and gender composition in the Siberian cities. The general portrait of the Muslim in the Siberian cities was shaped based on the aggregated data of the 1897 census. The information taken from the census lists made it possible to surmise on about the formation of the Muslim community in individual cities, and to characterize the Muslim society structure in the Tobolsk province cities.

The article is intended for specialists-historians, ethnographers, social anthropologists and a wide range of readers.
The German Population of Siberia in the Conditions of Social Transformations of the 1900s-1920s
Authors: Shaidurov Vladimir N.
Published: December 2021

At the turn of the 19th – 20th century Siberia became a “melting pot” once again, where the representatives of various ethnic groups found themselves. The reasons for the resettlement beyond the Urals were of predominant economic character. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of various social events of the first third of the 20th century on the life of Siberian Germans. Russian Germans engaged in agriculture were forced to seek the ways to survive inside Russia in the situation of the agrarian crisis. Modernization of the state migration policy at the beginning of the 20th century and development of the railway transport allowed for labor migration, as a result of which Siberia turned into one of the agrarian regions, being on the rise, by the mid-1910s. German immigrants, who created capitalist farm type households there and became a model for Russian old-timers and other immigrants, contributed greatly to his process. However, the events of 1914-1922 disrupted the customary pace of life in the German village. The economic policy of the Bolsheviks who came to power provoked famine in the first half of the 1920s.The German population suffered from hunger as well, which drove up emigration sentiments. However, NEP and restoration of cooperation allowed them to start rapid recovery of the small-scale economy. The All-Russian Mennonite Agricultural Union played a pivotal role in this process. The gradual curtailment of NEP and transition to a command-administrative economic model were connected with pressure on the German population among which the conservative-clerical sentiments prevailed. It was sure to provoke a new round of confrontation between the Russian Germans and the Soviet state in the late 1920s already. The article is intended for those interested in the history of ethnic minorities (Russian Germans) and national politics in the twentieth century.
The Place of Modernity: German Entrepreneurship in Western Siberia in the late 19th – early 20th Centuries
Authors: Krott Ivan I.
Published: December 2021

The study focuses on the issues related to the process of adaptation and economic behavior of German entrepreneurship in Western Siberia in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The construction of the Siberian Railway and migration processes changed the economy, social structure and cultural practices of “old” Siberia. The “yesterday’s outskirts” became a “place of modernity”. The paper aims at presenting economic practices and strategies of German entrepreneurship adaptation in the conditions when the socio-spatial structures of the imperial periphery. were experiencing transformation. On the basis of representative resources, the mechanisms and methods of German entrepreneurs’ adaptation to the local community are shown. The structure of the market space and its segmentation as well as economic niches and economic strategies of German entrepreneurship are defined. The author comes to the conclusion that German entrepreneurs acted in the region as a “market ferment” changing Siberian society, and they could be regarded as actors of socio-economic, cultural modernization of the Siberian space. At the same time, the German merchants themselves experienced external influence from the host society. The research is based on the combination of macroanalytical strategies and microhistorical approach. The concept of “entrepreneurial minority” is a methodological basis for the study presented in the paper. The materials of the paper are addressed to the experts in the field of the history of Siberia as well as to the professional corporation of the researchers interested in the history of ethnic entrepreneurship and in the issues of various ethnic groups’ adaptation to the conditions of a non-ethnic host environment.
Communication Strategies of Polish Exiles of the second half of the 19th Century (the example of Tara and Kurgan)
Authors: Mulina Svetlana A.
Published: December 2021

Diaspora studies penetrating into the Polish-Siberian theme since the late 1990s focused as a rule on the study of stable institutions, social organizations created by migrants for the preservation and development of ethnic community, and articulation of ethnic interests. However, such organizations among the Siberian Poles appeared only in the late XIX-early XX centuries. To understand the ethnic processes that took place among Polish migrants in the earlier period, the study of informal social ties of Polish migrants, various elements of group solidarity and communication systems becomes of paramount importance.

The purpose of this study is to reconstruct, on the basis of office documentation and correspondence, the communication strategies of exiled participants in the revolts of the 1863-1864 on the example of two cities of Tobolsk province, namely, Kurgan and Tara.

As a result of the study, we recorded the existence of a fraternity in Tara, covering most of the Poles who lived in the city. The self-organization of the exiles was facilitated by the presence of ready-made social structures – large traditional families and the system of communication between them that has developed at home. The emersion of the community in Kurgan was the result of the efforts of a group of exiled nobles who had a good education. In the conditions of a limited social status, and the absence of rich compatriots, the social value of this community turned out to be insufficient to become the center of attraction for Poles.
Leading international schools: The questions of cultural and social justice
Authors: Sleiman Nidal
Published: December 2021

This article focuses on international school leadership and raises questions on the mono-dimensional approaches to leading, teaching, and learning in diverse contexts. The growth of international schools all over the world represents increasing patterns of geographic and economic mobility, and the growth of socially and culturally diverse communities. While international schools generally represent different elements of internationalisation, their policies and leadership do not demonstrate an adequate response to the social and cultural needs of their communities. Based on her doctoral research, the author argues that internationalisation in educational leadership is not given sufficient attention and that the field requires further development of learning and exploring the contextual elements in which leaders lead. The article draws on a set of approaches to educational leadership, mainly contextually and culturally relevant leadership, and theories of internationalisation in educational leadership and management, in addition to transformational and engaged pedagogical approaches to teaching and learning.
Other forms of leadership in education
Authors: Stewart Georgina
Published: December 2021

I observe a split in the field of education today between two academic sub-tribes: those who champion ‘practice’ and are suspicious of ‘theories’ on the one hand, and those who insist on ‘theory and philosophy’ on the other. But philosophical commitments are implicit in our use of language and all our ways of being and acting in the world. This recognition points towards other concepts and forms of educational leadership. Below, I explore if and how philosophy and writing lead to another kind of educational leadership.
LEGITIMITET VIDOVDANSKOG USTAVA – IDEALIZAM BEZ REALNOG UPORIŠTA
Authors:   Institute of Comparative Law in Belgrade, Đorđević Miroslav
Published: December 2021

The Constitution of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (KSHS) of 1921 had for its goal to constitutionalize the organization of the new state, created after the end of the First World War: its organization of government, human and minority rights and freedoms, etc. and also to establish a new nation – the so called "nation with three names" or "three-tribe nation", i.e. – Yugoslavs, as the bearer of the identity of the new state. KSHS was to reconcile not only the nations with different history, mentality and language, but also nations who fought each other fiercely just until a few years back before the adoption of the Vidovdan Constitution. The constitutionalization of a unitary state in which the official language is "Serbo-Croatian-Slovenian" (which as such simply does not exist), ignored clear signals that the essential legitimacy for such state does not exist in a significant part of the country. The analysis of the political activities of the parties, their programs and the election results in the western territories of what was soon to become KSHS (especially in Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia – back then within the Austro-Hungary) shows a distinct anti-Serbian and especially anti-Yugoslav narrative since the middle of the 19th century and the political actions of Ante Starčević, Eugen Kvaternik, later Ivo Pilar and others. It is also clear that such chauvinist, extreme political standpoints, present to a far greater extent to be simply ignored, would turn out to be too much of a burden for the new state and nation, as well as for the Vidovdan Constitution itself, indirectly leading to its infamous end, declaration of dictatorship, assassination of King Alexander Karađorđević and finally the disintegration of the state and horrendous atrocities and genocide against Serbs in the Independent state of Croatia (NDH). In a certain way, the Vidovdan Constitution, due to the shortcomings in its legitimacy, traced the road to hell – paved with good intentions.
O VIDOVDANSKOM USTAVU IZ NEKOLIKO PERSPEKTIVA
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Belgrade, Nikolić Aleksa
Published: December 2021

From the creation until the adoption of the Constitution of 1921 (the so-called Vidovdan Constitution), the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes wandered aimlessly in the constitutional provisional for almost three years. The Vidovdan Constitution finally established some kind of legal organization of the newly formed state. However, the subject of this paper will not be the analysis of social and political circumstances before and after the adoption of the Vidovdan Constitution, but the author will analyze different views on the Vidovdan Constitution from the pens of the most important Serbian, Croatian and Slovenian constitutional lawyers. In that way, through a comprehensive comparative legal analysis, a big step will be made towards shedding light on all the problems that burdened the newly formed kingdom from the start, and which were a stumbling block in building stable relations between Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Based on the analysis of the mentioned different points of view on the Vidovdan Constitution, the author will point out the most controversial elements of the biggest names in the constitutional law of Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia and report certain conclusions about the nature and character of the Vidovdan Constitution.
Disease knowledge and preferences for disclosure of information in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Gonçalves Rafael Pauletti , Simões Maria Carolina Diana , Saba Amine Barbella , Novaes Gilberto Santos
Published: December 2021

Objectives: To verify the level of knowledge about rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the patient’s preferences for disclosure of information by the physician in patients with RA, we compared with a control group of patients without RA.

Methods: We evaluated 30 patients diagnosed with RA, according to the ACR criteria, and 30 patients with other diseases pared for age, gender, level of education, and disease duration followed in an Out-Patient Service. Clinical-demographic data as age, gender, level of education, and disease duration were obtained from both groups. We applied questionnaires to evaluate the level of knowledge about RA (10 questions) with answers yes or no, and the patient’s preference for disclosure of information by the physician (4 questions) in a Likert scale from a) strongly agree to e) strongly disagree to both groups. The questionnaires were validated for Portuguese by the method of translation and re-translation. The Ethical Committee at the Pontifical Catholic University approved the study, and we obtained informed consent from all patients. When appropriat-ed, statistical analysis of the data included the chi-square test and student’s t-test. The significance level was 0.05.

Results: Over 30 patients with RA, 27 patients (90%) were women, the mean age was 50.8 years old, with a mean of 3.03 years on school, and mean disease duration of 10.6 years. The knowledge about RA as a mean reached 5.36 points in 10 as a correct answer in RA patients and 5.13 in controls. Concerning the patient’s preference for disclosure of information by the physician, the results varied between 23.3% and 90% in the answers strongly agree or agree in the group of RA patients and 6.6% to 90% in controls. In a specific question about "patients with RA should not play a role in managing their disease because the physician is the one in charge," 56.6% of RA patients agreed, and 46,6% of controls too. Only one question about patient’s preference for disclosure of information by the physician “When there is more than one way to treat a problem, I should be told about each one” there was a trend to differ between the controls and the RA patients (p=0.06). The analysis of the results showed no statistical difference in answers to the questionnaires between RA patients and controls.

Conclusion: Our results showed that RA patients, compared to control patients with other non-rheumatic diseases, do not show differences to the level of knowledge about rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the patient’s preferences for disclosure of information by the physician.
The Effect of Training with Blended Project-based Learning on The Lecturer's Competence in Developing Teaching Materials
Authors:   Teknologi Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia, Arianto Fajar
Published: December 2021

This research objective was to determine the effect of training with blended project-based learning on the lecturers' competence in developing teaching materials. The research participants consisted of 15 lecturers. The research method was a weak experimental by comparing the results of the participants' pretest and posttest. The data analysis technique of this research used N-gain of the pretest and posttest. The results showed that the N-gain score of 63.61% was classified as medium. Training with blended project-based learning for lecturers had a significant effect in increasing the competence of developing teaching materials. Blended project-based learning could increase the participation and the trainees' positive attitude.
AIRCRAFT REFUELING CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATION OF FUEL AC-COUNTING. MODERN SOLUTIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   Manager of a manufacturing company Aviatechnology, Aronov Sergey , Berner Leonid ,   AtlanticTransgasSystem, Kotov Victor ,   Neftegazavtomatika, Roshchin Alexey ,   AtlanticTransgasSystem, Schukin Dmitry ,   AtlanticTransgasSystem
Published: December 2021

The article describes solution for dispatching the movement of a fueling service vehicle at the airport when performing a task for refueling an aircraft with automated control of the fueling service vehicle when issuing fuel on board an aircraft with measuring the mass of the issued fuel and providing centralized accounting.
CALCULATION OF THE OPTIMAL PARAMETERS AND LAYOUT OF ELECTRICITY STORAGE DEVICES AT CONSUMERS AND / OR IN NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE NODES IN ORDER TO REDUCE THE COST OF PURCHASING ELECTRICITY
Authors:   AO «Upravlenie VOLS-VL», Borziak Andrei , Smirnov Roman ,   AO «Upravlenie VOLS-VL»
Published: December 2021

The aim of the work is to develop algorithms for selecting the type of energy storage and its loading profile.
EXPERTISE TECHNOLOGY FOR PROJECT OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDOR INFRACTRACTURE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Institute of Transport Problems   named after N.S. Solomenko RAS, Enaleev Anver Kasimovich , Tsyganov Vladimir ,   Institute of Transport Problems named   after N.S. Solomenko RAS,   Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences, Gorbunov Vladimir Grigorievich ,   Experimental Plant Scientific Instrument RAS
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the problem of traffic maximization and ways to solve it at the stage of large-scale projects preliminary examination for the development of transport infrastructure of international railway corridors by increasing the capacity of single-track sections of the railway through the optimal placement of sidings on routes with heavy traffic.
THE VECTOR-POINTER METHOD AND ITS USE IN THE DATAFLOW PROCESSOR
Authors:   Joint Supercomputer Center of the RAS, Dikarev Nikolay , Shmelev Aleksandr ,   Joint Supercomputer Center of the RAS
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Quicksort execution in the vector dataflow proces-sor that uses the vector-pointer method for storing arrays.
TOURISTS’ MOTIVATIONS FOR VISITING DARK TOURISM SITES. CASE OF ROMANIA
Authors: Schneider Andreia , Anghel-Vlad Silvia , Negruț Lucia , Goje Gheorghe , Para Iulia
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, tourism plays an essential role in economic growth and development in many countries. Tourists have different travelling motivations and behavioural manifestations, helping tour operators decide suitable for them. Developing a dark tourism niche concept is a necessary step for correct use of it in theory and practice. Dark tourism is an important concept studied in the past twenty years in worldwide literature. This empirical paper aimed to determine the tourists’ motivations for travelling to Romania’s dark tourism destinations and establishing them. A quantitative research method was applied based on a survey using a non-probabilistic technique based on convenience sampling. Secondary, it was studied the relationship between motivational determinants and tourists’ attitude-behaviour in visiting dark tourism sites (Theory of Planned Behaviour, TPB). The survey conducted online was primarily made of 40 items evaluated on the Likert scale. It has been used a sample based on 475 Romanian respondents: 72.3% who had already visited a dark tourism destination in Romania, and 27.8% who stated they planned to visit one. The theoretical framework has analysed five constructs as motivational determinants in the relationships with behavioural construct attitude (TPB). The results show support for two of five research hypotheses (H1 and H4). Dark experience (H1) and Unique learning experience (H4) have a significant and positive effect on Attitude. We did not find any significant effect of Engaging entertainment, Casual interest, and Emotional recreation on Attitude. Hence, H2, H3 and H5 are not supported. Based on these results, the government can develop tourism economic and marketing policy to develop dark tourism as important post-communist niche tourism. The practitioners can develop and promote tourism packages and products by applying the correct use of dark tourism sense. The present scientific paper’s originality is given by the lack of literature review studies based on empirical research on this topic. Limits of the research and future research directions are also pointed out in the conclusion part.
Body condition of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) feeding on the Pacific Coast reflects local and basin-wide environmental drivers
Authors: Akmajian Adrianne M , Scordino Jonathan J , Gearin Patrick J , Gosho Merrill
Published: December 2021

A small subset of the Eastern North Pacific gray whale population does not make the full migration from wintering grounds in Mexico to feeding grounds in the Bering, Chukchi and Beaufort seas and instead feed along the Pacific Coast between northern California and northern British Columbia â€“ this group is known as the Pacific Coast Feeding Group (PCFG). We evaluated the body condition of PCFG whales observed in northern Washington and along Vancouver Island to evaluate how body condition of gray whales changes within and between years. We found that PCFG gray whales improve body condition through the feeding season and at varying rates by year and that they have variability in their body condition at the start and end of each feeding season. The inclusion of environmental factors, particularly the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (lagged two years) and September kelp canopy cover along the Washington coast (lagged one year), drastically improved the ability of a multiple regression model to predict average whale body condition for a given year as compared to models without environmental factors included. A comparison of our findings to a previously published study on body condition of gray whales at Sakhalin Island, Russia highlight the differences of life history strategy between a group of whales with a long migration (Sakhalin whales) and those with a short migration. Whales feeding at Sakhalin Island gain body condition quicker and more predictably to a good body condition by the end of the feeding season than the whales we studied in the PCFG. Photogrammetry may be an effective method for monitoring the effects of climate change on PCFG gray whales.
CAMEROON PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR EDUCATIONAL LEADERS Supporting leadership, management and administration development
Authors: Ashu Frederick , Etongwe Richard , Fuaty Christopher
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Effective leadership is about executing the organisation's vision (or redefining and improving it, in some cases), setting direction and the culture for that particular organization, developing people, engaging communities, and creating conditions for successful teaching and learning. But what does that leadership management and administration look like? The recently updated Cameroon Professional Standards for Educational Leaders (CPSEL) identify what an educational leader must develop the ability to Influence Others, Transparent to an Extent., Encourage Risk-Taking and Innovation, Value Ethics and Integrity, Balance Hard Truths with Optimism and do their job effectively in order to demonstrate and sustain effective leadership in today global society.

Methodology: There are a number of essential understandings about the Standards that merit attention, since the Standards are based only on literature review and policy analysis evidence. The reality is that the Standards were never designed to be constructed using only literature and policy analysis findings. To be sure, a large portion of the Standards rest on the best available documental analysis of literature and policy documents governing educational leadership and administration. At the same time, the creation of the Standards was predicated on the conclusion that other empirical materials need to be employed in the building process of educational leadership; management and administration standards supporting educational leader’s development in Cameroon.

Findings: The CPSEL maintain the same basic footprint of the original standards, emphasizing: Development and Implementation of a Shared Vision and  core values of sustainable leadership, Mission, vision and core values of sustainable leadership, Good Governance, Ethics and Professional knowledge and interpersonal skills, Equity and Cultural Responsiveness, Curriculum, Instruction and Assessment, Community Engagement, Recruitment and Selection, School Leaders, Teachers, Students and Community Development, Professional Learning Community for School Leaders and Teachers, Financial Management, Succession Planning, School Improvement for the Future. Elements and indicator examples for each of these standards are included to further define leadership.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy (recommendation): The paper concludes with elements of all of the leadership standards are organised into inter-related categories with Professional Values and Personal Commitment at the heart of development. These standards emphasize equity, diversity, access, equal opportunity, and empowerment for students, educators, and all members of the educational community as they work together to ensure that all educational practitioners are ready for educational leadership career. CPSEL framework serves as a foundation for educational leader’s preparation, induction, professional learning, and evaluation.
THEORY AND PRACTICE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TESTING
Authors: AHMED Khalid Ahmed Hassan
Published: December 2021

Success in language teaching and learning is a multidisciplinary process in which language testing is an important pillar of success beside the other surrounding factors which range from the teaching learning context to the learners and teachers’ personal and educational factors. The aim of the present study is to identify to what extent there is a harmony between the teaching learning context on one hand and the theories and techniques of language testing on the other, and whether there is a matching between these theories of language testing and the practicality of these theories. We believe that there is a great mismatch between theories and practice of language testing as a result of the practices and the necessary expertise and knowledge needed in testing. This situation affects, to a great extent, the experience of language teaching learning process. This paper is a qualitative historical survey on language teaching learning context and theories of testing and language testing in particular. To process the study some related studies and literature will be explored, and some instances of language testing will be used to support this theoretical framework and to confirm our hypothesis that there is a gap between what is taught and what is examined. The study will include its importance, the methodological procedures that will be followed to attain the findings, recommendations and suggestions for future studies to let discussion in this area furthered in the future.
DIÁLOGOS PARA GESTÃO
Authors: Silva William Gregory , Lemos Clara , Gomes Leonardo
Published: December 2021

Nos últimos anos, os registros indicam um aumento expressivo da visitação em unidades de conservação (UC) no Brasil. As atividades relacionadas ao lazer e turismo nessas áreas, no entanto, tem potencial de conflitos e impactos significativos. Essa pesquisa debruça-se sobre os desafios do uso público do Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, RJ. Busca entender como os operadores de turismo que comercializam roteiros dentro da UC percebem sua relação e comunicação com os gestores da área, à luz dos princípios de boas práticas em governança. A metodologia partiu de levantamento bibliográfico e documental, e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Após análise e interpretação dos dados, realizou-se um encontro virtual entre os pesquisadores, gestores do ICMBio e operadores de turismo, para discussão dos resultados e criação de um espaço de diálogo. Foram identificados elementos a partir da visão e opinião desses atores a respeito de questões operacionais, do processo de gestão e tomada de decisão do uso público. Acredita-se, portanto, que esta pesquisa gerou subsídios que devem resultar em maior efetividade na gestão da UC e contribuir no alcance de seus objetivos.
ANÁLISE EXERGÉTICA DA CIDADE DO MÉXICO / MEXICO CITY EXERGY ANALYSIS
Authors: Luft Arlene Anahi , Casu Elisandra de Oliveira Fernandes , Sell Rosalvo Junior
Published: December 2021

Focar no desenvolvimento das cidades, com uma economia de baixo consumo de carbono, tem se mostrado cada vez mais necessário. Uma nação que almeja desenvolver de forma inteligente sua economia, deve buscar investir em medidas que garantam uma maior eficiência energética. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo a análise e estudo da Cidade do México, buscando através do levantamentos dos dados de consumo de combustíveis, resíduos sólidos e energia elétrica, calcular a emissão de CO₂ e sua eficiência exergética, através da obtenção da exergia de entrada e taxas de exergia destruídas, resultantes do processo de queima de combustíveis utilizados, foi calculada uma eficiência exergética de 22,16%, dadas as características demográficas, econômicas, e sistemas e dispositivos facilitadores para mobilidade urbana, o sistema de transporte público diversificado, e alto índice do uso de automóvel individual.
Estratégias ofensivas e defensivas eficazes no goalball
Authors: Picolo João Gabriel Dal , Travitzki Leonardo , Alves Isabella dos Santos , Morato Márcio Pereira
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar e descrever as variáveis ofensivas e defensivas mais frequentes e eficazes na elite masculina do goalball e, compará-las entre times vencedores e perdedores e, equipes de nível superior e inferior. Através do método de observação sistemática e com amostra composta por 25 partidas do torneio masculino de goalball dos Jogos Paralímpicos Rio 2016, sendo registrados 4635 arremessos e 4520 defesas. Os principais achados foram que, para o ataque, existe uma maior probabilidade de marcar gol após as interrupções do jogo e para a defesa, fazer o balanço defensivo é melhor do que não o realizar, já que a probabilidade de sofrer gol é maior quando ele não ocorre. Além disso, utilizar o tronco como segmento corporal para realizar as defesas também é mais indicado, pois a probabilidade de sofrer gol é maior quando as defesas são realizadas pelas pernas ou braços.
Feuerwerksbranche wartet auf Hilfen
Authors: Sachsenröder Delphine
Published: December 2021

Im zweiten Jahr mit Verkaufsverbot für Feuerwerk sehen sich viele Hersteller vor dem Aus. Ob erneute staatliche Hilfen der Branche aus der Misere helfen, ist nach Verbandsangaben unklar. Manche Unternehmen warten noch auf Zahlungen für 2020.
Coop berechnet Regalplanung und Auto-Dispo in einem System
Authors: Rode Jörg
Published: December 2021

Der Lebensmittelhändler Coop Dänemark ist einer der ersten großen Filialisten in Europa, der Auto-Dispo und Regalplanung nahtlos in einem IT-System verknüpft. Mittelfristiges Ziel sind Outlet-individuelle Sortimente und Produktplatzierungen.
Eidechsly-Wy in neuer Flasche
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: December 2021

Der Aigle Les Murailles – oft auch als Eidechsli-Wy bezeichnet – ist nach wie vor der populärste Weisswein der Schweiz. Die Neuauflage der Flasche in der Farbe Olive wird im Vetropack-Werk in St-Prex gefertigt.
Kokemus toisesta ja kesto Bergsonin filosofiassa
Authors: Castillo Katja , Kekki Minna-Kerttu
Published: December 2021

Liittyessään kaikkeen inhimilliseen kokemukseen keston käsite liittyy myös välttämättä kokemukseen toisesta henkilöstä. Tätä näkökulmaa Bergsonin kokemuksen konstituution hahmottamisesta on kuitenkin tutkittu vähän. Kysymys kuuluu, voisiko Bergsonin keston käsitteellä luonnehtia kokemusta toisesta henkilöstä juuri toisena eri tavoin, kuin miten tilallisuuteen tai kehollisuuteen keskittyvät analyysit sitä kuvaavat. Argumentoimme, että Bergsonin keston käsite avaa kokemusta toisesta ainutlaatuisella tavalla, joka jää saavuttamatta muissa toiseuden analyyseissa, mutta joka on kuitenkin tärkeä näkökulma toisen erillisyyden sekä yhteneväisyyden mahdollisuuksien ymmärtämiselle ylittäen kokemuksen nyt-hetken.