bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Nano Scale PMMA Films Prepared by FDC Technique for FET Applications
Authors: Chandar Shekar Bellan , Sathish S. , Bhavyasree B.T. , Ranjith Kumar B.
Published: April 2013

Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) thin films were prepared by fast dip coating technique (FDCT). Benzene was used as a solvent to prepare PMMA films for various time periods ranging from 60 sec. to 1 hour. The thickness of the coated films were measured by using an electronic thickness measuring instrument (Tesatronic-TTD-20), gravimetric method and cross checked by optical spectrophotometer. FTIR spectrum was used to identify the above said coated films. XRD spectra of as grown and films annealed at various temperatures indicated the amorphous nature. Surface morphology of the coated films was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). No pits and pin holes were found in the surface. Both as grown and annealed films showed smooth and amorphous structure. C-V behavior of the MISM structures with Aluminum/PMMA/p-Si/Aluminum has been studied. C-V behavior for various bias voltage range of - 20 V to +20 V was provided. As grown films showed a flat band voltage (VFB) shift towards the positive voltage where as annealed films showed a decrease in VFB shift and it moved towards the zero flat band voltage (VFB  0) value. The observed surface morphology, C-V behavior and thermal stability indicated that these films could be used as effective dielectric layer in FET applications.
Rapid Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles Using Henna Extract for the Fabrication of Photoabsorption Enhanced Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (PE-DSSC)
Authors: Kiruba Daniel S. Cross Guevara , Mahalakshmi N. , Sandhiya J. , Kasi Nehru , Muthusamy Sivakumar
Published: April 2013

We have synthesized silver nanoparticles using the leaf extract of Henna (Lawsonia inermis). The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV – visible spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy and FTIR. Effect of leaf extract concentration, pH and reaction temperature on the formation of silver nanoparticles has been analysed by studying the variations in absorbance and wavelength of SPR of silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticle increases photoabsorption due to Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance. In this current study, we have fabricated Photo Enhanced Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (PE – DSSC) using the Henna dye reduced silver nanoparticles as sensitizer to improve photocurrent. We have obtained photocurrent output of Henna reduced silver nanoparticle dye sensitized solar cell.
Sputtered Nickel Oxide Films for NO2 Gas Sensors
Authors: Mallikarjuna Reddy Avula , Sivasankar Reddy Akepati , Sreedhara Reddy Pamanji
Published: April 2013

In recent years, lot of efforts was made to develop many types of nitrogen oxide gas sensors. Among them, most interesting are WO3, V2O5, TiO2, SnO2 and NiO thin films as gas sensing layers. Relatively small effort has been done to examine nickel oxide. But reasonably good electrical properties and stability in air make it feasible for the fabrication of nickel oxide thin film based gas sensors. Hence, in the present study NiO thin films were deposited by dc reactive magnetron sputtering technique from a nickel metal target in argon and oxygen mixed atmosphere and studied its gas sensing properties towards NO2 gas. The effect of process parameters on the morphological and electrical properties of NiO was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Hall effect studies respectively. The films prepared at optimum conditions showed superior electrical properties and exhibited fine and uniform grains with RMS roughness 9.4 nm. These films were tested for gas sensing characteristics of NO2 gas. The sensitivity of NiO thin film was investigated in the temperature range 373 to 573 K. The dynamic response for the NiO films was observed at an operating temperature of 473 K and gas concentration of 50 ppm for NO2 gas.
Synthesis of Cadmium Oxide and its Electrochemical Detection of Pollutants
Authors: Giribabu K. , Suresh R. , Vijayalakshmi L. , Stephen A. , Narayanan V.
Published: April 2013

Cadmium oxide was synthesized using oleic acid as the precursor and capping agent, the main role of oleic acid to cap the formed cadmium oxide and to control the particle size. The formed cadmium oxide nanoparticles were characterized by using FT-IR, XRD,FE-SEM and cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical detection of pollutants (4-Nitrophenol and 2-Nitrophenol) was carried out by coating the cadmium oxide onto the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by drop coating method. The electrocatalytic performance of the modified GCE electrode was best with 4-Nitrophenol. In case of 2-Nitrophenol the electrocatalytic performance was not observed but increase in current response indicates the ability of modified electrode to be a useful one for sensing the environmental pollutants.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2-SnO2 Composite Nanoparticles
Authors: Nithyadevi Duraisamy , Rajendrakumar Ramasamy Thangavelu
Published: April 2013

Pure TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using Titanium (IV)-n-butoxide as Titanium precursor and Sn doping was performed by adding Tin (II) ethylhexanate (Sn precursor) in Titanium precursor by Sol-gel method. The morphology of nanoparticles was examined by XRD and SEM analysis. The XRD analysis shows the formation of mixture phases (anatase and brookite) for pure TiO2. Addition of lower Sn precursor concentration resulted in the formation of Sn doped TiO2 nanoparticles. On increasing the Sn precursor favours the growth of TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposites. It is interesting to observe the fraction of brookite phase in TiO2 decreases by increasing the Sn precursor concentration. The photocatalytic activity test for pure TiO2, pure SnO2, Sn doped TiO2 nanoparticles and TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposites were carried out for Methylene blue (MB) solution. Both Sn doped TiO2 nanoparticles and TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposites show faster photocatalytic degradation than pure TiO2 nanoparticles due to suppression of brookite phase by addition of Sn precursor.
Synthesis and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Minitha Cherukutty Ramakrishnan , Rajendrakumar Ramasamy Thangavelu
Published: April 2013

Reduced graphene oxide is an excellent candidate for various electronic devices such as high performance gas sensors. In this work Graphene oxide was prepared by oxidizing graphite to form graphite oxide. From XRD analysis the peak around 11.5o confirmed that the oxygen was intercalated into graphite. By using hydrazine hydrate, the epoxy group in graphite oxide was reduced then the solution of reduced graphite oxide (rGO) is exfoliated. Raman spectrum of rGO contains both G band (1580 cm-1), D band (1350 cm-1). The remarkable structural changes reveals that reduction of graphene oxide from the values of ID/IG ratio that increase from 0.727 (GO) to 1.414 (rGO). The exfoliated reduced graphite oxide solution is spin coated on to the SiO2/Si substrates.
Effective Removal of Nickel(II) Ion by Using Nano Fe3O4
Authors: Kanthimathi Gomathinayagam , Kotteeswaran P. , Kotaisammy M.
Published: April 2013

In the present study, the application for the removal of Nickel (II) ion from aqueous solution by using synthetic nano Fe3O4 with the average size of 20 nm was investigated by batch method, as a function of concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time and pH. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm data are tested by applying both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models.
Effect of pH Value on Structural and Optical Properties of Transparent Nano-Crystalline TiO2 Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Dip-Drive Coating
Authors: Sakthivel Krishnasamy , Venkatachalam T.
Published: April 2013

Thin films of TiO2 have been deposited on well cleaned glass substrates by Sol-Gel dip-drive coating technique. The films have been prepared at three different pH values (1, 3.5 & 9) of Sol and annealed in muffle furnace at 550°C for one hour and are allowed to cool to room temperature. The films were characterized by XRD, EDAX, SEM and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The as deposited films were found to be amorphous in nature. The annealed films exhibit anatase in crystalline structure. The EDAX results have shown that all the films are maintained with TiO2 in composition. The XRD results reveal that they are nano-crystalline in nature and the crystalline nature increases with pH of the Sol. The transmittance and absorbance spectra have shown that the films are transparent and band gap of the films are of the order of 3.2eV. The ab initio studies of TiO2 (using GGA) was performed with Vienna ab initio Simulation package and the band structure and effective masses of the electrons and holes were determined.
Dual Thermo- and pH-Responsive Materials Based on Starch
Authors: Ju Ben Zhi , Zhang Shu Fen , Yan Dong Mao
Published: April 2013

A simple and direct method for preparation of thermo- and pH- responsive materials based on starch is presented. Introduction of 2-hydroxy-3-butoxypropyl as hydrophobic group into starch developed thermo-responsive material, and further introduction of hydrophilic carboxymethyl group could produce dual thermo- and pH-responsive materials. The LCST of these starch-based materials can be easily adjusted at desired temperature between 4.5 and 57.0°C by controlling the molar substitution of 2-hydroxy-3-butoxypropyl and carboxymethyl groups. Furthermore, the LCST of 2-hydroxy-3-butoxypropyl-carboxymethyl starch was also highly sensitive to pH.
Ultraviolet-Visible Light-Thermal Conversion Organic Solid-Liquid Phase-Change Materials
Authors: Wang Yun Ming , Tang Bing Tao , Zhang Shu Fen
Published: April 2013

UV-vis light-driven organic solid-liquid phase change materials exhibited excellent performances of UV-vis light-harvesting, UV-vis light-thermal conversion and thermal energy storage, which is promoted by UV absorbing dye as an effective ‘‘photon capture and molecular heater’’ for direct and efficient use of solar radiation.
Approaches to the Multicolor Tuning of Lanthanide-Ion Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles
Authors: Wu Su Li , Ye Liu , Ning Yan Hui , Niu Wen Bin , Zhang Shu Fen
Published: April 2013

In recent years, lanthanide-ion doped nanocrystals have attracted considerable attention for its promising applications in multiplexed biological labeling. These materials can convert near-infrared (NIR) light into visible and offer low autofluorescence, high resistance to photobleaching, high penetration depth and large anti-Stokes shifts. With the development of these techniques, the ability to manipulate multicolor output has become more important for its biological and photovoltaic applications. This review mainly focuses on the recent development of various approaches for the multicolor tuning of lanthanide-ion doped upconversion nanoparticles.
Computational Analysis of Woven Fabric Impact Based on Hybrid Element Analysis
Authors: Jia Xin , Huang Zheng Xiang , Zu Xu Dong , Gu Xiao Hui
Published: April 2013

In this paper, Finite element modeling of the impact of the Kevlar woven fabric using hybrid element analysis (HEA) method has been carried out to find out a suitable ratio between area of solid elements used at impact region and area of shell elements used away from impact region. Three HEA models: about one time, two times and three times of the projectile’s diameter with 200 m/s impact velocities are constructed. The solid and shell elements with variable nodal thickness are joined together using tied interfaces in order to ensure that there are no artificial reflections of the longitudinal wave at the interface. The effect of the different ratio of local area and global area on the ballistic performance of the fabric is discussed.
Application Research of New Type Fiber in Sports Equipments
Authors: Jing Yang , Ming Gou
Published: April 2013

Through application research of new type fiber in the sports equipment field, understand its effects on sports equipments and advantages, and grasp its booster function in the improvement of development system and sport performance during the development process of sports equipments.
An Immunonanosilver Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectral Probe for Rapid Assay of Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin
Authors: Liu Qing Ye , Wen Gui Qing , Li Kun , Liang Ai Hui
Published: April 2013

In pH 6.6 Na2HPO4- citric acid buffer solution and in the presence of KCl, the immunoreaction between hCG and nanosilver-labeled anti-hCG took place, the immunonanosilver-complex was formed and deposited, caused the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) intensity at 510 nm decreased. In the optimal condition, the decreased RRS intensity responds linearly with the concentration of hCG over 0.125-1.75 µg/mL. Based on this, a new and simple RRS method has been proposed for the determination of hCG in serum samples, with satisfactory results.
Seismic Performance of Moment End-Plate Connections to CFT Column under Cyclic Loading
Authors: Sheet Ikhlas S. , Gunasekaran Umarani
Published: April 2013

An experimental program under cyclic load is performed on two half-scale interior moment end-plate connections to concrete filled tubular (CFT) columns. Flat and curved stiffened extended end-plates were welded to the steel beams in the shop, and bolted on the site to the square and circular CFT column tubes respectively, using steel rods passing through the column. The experimental results demonstrated that both circular and rectangular end-plate connections showed similar performance in a ductile manner and the stiffener elements were effective to form the plastic hinges away from the welding zone, also the proposed curved end-plate connection with rods passing through the column in “X” shape was effective. The test specimens showed a plastic rotations capacity of 0.054 radian.
Performance of an Interior Beam-Column Joint with and without a Slab under Cyclic Load
Authors: Ahmed Saddam M. , Gunasekaran Umarani
Published: April 2013

The beam-column joint is a crucial zone in a reinforced concrete moment resisting frame. It is subjected to large forces during severe ground shaking, and its behaviour has a significant influence on the response of the structure. In the present study, two half-scaled cast-in-situ beam-column subassemblies (i) without slab and (ii) with slab, with reinforcement detailing as per ACI 318-63 (1963) provisions are constructed. The beam-column joints are comprehensively instrumented and tested under static displacement controlled cyclic loading. This paper explains the contribution of the floor slab, especially in “Tension flange” on the overall cyclic behaviour of the subassembly, and the experimental results of horizontal joint shear stress are discussed, and compared with the ACI 352R-02 provisions.
Estimation of Compressive Strength of High-Strength Concrete with Recycled Aggregate Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method
Authors: Cho Young Sang , Baek Sang Ki , Lee Yong Taeg , Kim Seung Hun , Park Jun Ho , Hong Seong Uk
Published: April 2013

Recently, many structures which were built about 30 years ago are watched by reconstruction. Demolished concrete is occurred in the process and these quantity increase about 10% more than the preceding year. Although the government have promoted to use recycled coarse aggregate, many registered architects have not use it, because natural aggregate is still cheaper than recycled coarse aggregate's price and they have question about quality of recycled coarse aggregate. In addition, there are no grounds to rely upon compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity method of recycled coarse aggregate when it is used to high strength concrete. In this paper, bases will be adduced to verify applicative possibility of estimation of compressive strength of high-strength concrete with recycled aggregate using ultrasonic pulse velocity method. For this, compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity method tests of 240 high strength concrete specimens with recycled coarse aggregate were performed, and the high strength concrete specimens were tested within the limits such as compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity
The Ageing Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanism of a Cu-2.1Ni-0.5Si-0.2Zr-0.05Cr Alloy
Authors: Wang Qiang Song , Xie Guo Liang , Mi Xu Jun , Xiong Bai Qing , Xiao Xiang Peng
Published: April 2013

The ageing process of a Cu-2.1Ni-0.5Si-0.2Zr-0.05Cr alloy in the temperature range from 673 K to 773 K is investigated in this research. The phase transformation process, electric conductivities and mechanical properties during the ageing process are also studied by experimental methods. The precipitation sequence during the aging process of Cu-Ni-Si alloy is GP zone→ (Cu,Ni)3Si→ δNi2Si phase. The conductivity of the aged specimen increases from 20% IACS to 40-45% with prolonging time during aging process in the temperature range from 673 K to 773 K. The dynamic curve of precipitation is obtained by Avrami-equations, based on which the increase of yield strength can be estimated according to Orowan mechanism. Experimental data have been compared with the calculated results in this paper, indicating this method is reasonable, suggesting that strengthening is mainly attributed to Orowan by passing mechanism.
Structural Behaviours and Curling Influence of Single Shear Cold-Formed Ferritic Stainless Steel Bolted Connections Fastened with Two Bolts
Authors: Kim Tae Soo , Chae Geun Beom
Published: April 2013

Experimental studies for single shear bolted connection of cold-formed ferritic stainless steel fastened with two bolts (2×1 bolt array) and 3.0 mm thick plate has been performed by T.S. Kim etc. End distances parallel to the direction of applied force were considered as the main variables of specimens. Curling (out of plane deformation) was observed in bolted connection with 60mm end distance and it caused abrupt strength reduction. The purpose of this paper is to compare the analysis results with test results and investigate the curling influence on ultimate strength through numerical modelling. FE models with restrained curling were also simulated for strength comparison with the curled specimen. Therefore, the validation of finite element(FE) analysis in predicting ultimate strength and curling behaviour was verified and the strength reduction ratio by the curling was estimated.
Stigmergy in Scheduling Process of Holonic Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Gorgoi Mircea , Gurau Andrei , Oae Stefan
Published: April 2013

This paper present the new approach of the Holonic Manufacturing Systems. The new concept take in consideration an associated or augmented property to belong a different concepts inspired from biological social live. The new challenge on the new millennium in manufacturing process conduct in a more sophisticated and diversification techniques to approach the planning and scheduling and finally the managing complex processing in industrial environment. The answer for new context of the globalization and the mass-customization is a high responsivness in a distributed space of orders, products, resources or other necessity. To be able to answer on to mass customization process is mandatory to have a high degree of flexibility. The last major modeling in the Holonic Manufacturing Systems and Multi-agent Systems try to integrate all the aspect could be a substantial contribution to a new value compare to the classical systems.
Research on Modern Technology and Sports Innovation Mechanism
Authors: Gou Ming , Yang Jing
Published: April 2013

This paper concludes four points on relevant mechanisms of sports corresponding to technology: mechanism of technological innovation, mechanism of self-perfection, mechanisms of selection and codes of ethics. The mechanism of technological innovation provides external driving force to sports' agreement with technology, self-perfection mechanism provides internal driving force to their agreement and the mechanism of selection enables sports and technology to choose based on their own needs. While the mechanism of code provides theoretical basis and codes to the long-term sound development after sports corresponding to technology.
The Research and Application of Utility Boiler Energy Efficiency Test System
Authors: Zhang Heng Wen , Dong Shuo , Yang Fang
Published: April 2013

In order to improve identification of new products, we study the energy efficiency test of utility boilers. According to related protocols and test method of the current boiler energy efficiency, we build up the model of boiler thermal efficiency test in direct and indirect procedure. During the procedure, we analysis some key issues such as the blended fuel problem and the desulfurizer’s effect on energy efficiency. On this basis, we develop the Utility Boiler Thermal Efficiency Test System, which is used in boiler industry and achieves the intended purpose.
A High Density Fracturing Fluid System for HPHT Reservoir Stimulation Treatment
Authors: Liu Ping Li , Zhu Qi , Xing Xi Jin
Published: April 2013

Petroleum industry is focusing on HPHT reservoir. In high-temperature conditions, fracturing fluids especially need to be stable and induce minimum damage, and have good proppant transport capabilities. In order to overcome these problems, a novel high density fracturing fluid system has been developed whose density can reach up to 1.21 g/cm3. This paper summarizes a study on formulating weighted agent, and extensive studies were also conducted to determine temperature stability and anti-shear properties and compatibility with additives.
Quality Detection of Soybean Oil with Voltammetric Electronic Tongue
Authors: Men Hong , Zhang Cai Wa , Zhang Yan Ping , Gao Hong Hui
Published: April 2013

This paper proposes a reasonable methodology applied in classification and quantification techniques based on the voltammetric electronic tongue. We designed voltammetric electronic tongue oil sample pretreatment system with petroleum ether organic solvent. Through three-electrode system and cyclic voltammetry method processing blending soybean oil sample to get waveform output. Extracting crest methods as its feature extraction Pattern recognition use kernel principal component analysis and factor analysis blending on a different level of soybean oil, Partial Least Square (PLS) techniques was applied for data management and prediction models building, the prediction models are the blending ratio, the results show that voltammetric electron tongue can distinguish the quality of soybean oil.
Comparison of Infrared Image Pre-Processing Technique on Electronic Power Equipment
Authors: Men Hong , Su Xin , Chen Peng , Yu Jia Xue
Published: April 2013

The disadvantages of infrared image are low resolution, bad stereoscopic sense, fuzzy image and low SNR, according to the application of infrared image in fault diagnosis of electronic power equipment, in this paper ,we make a comparative research on pre-processing technique of image de-noising and enhancement, and propose an infrared image enhancement algorithm based on platform histogram equalization combined with enhanced high-pass filtering, the algorithm can effectively improve the contrast by comparison, it is obvious to the noise effect, highlighting the objectives and details, and makes a good foundation for the subsequent target identification and fault diagnosis.
Research on the Reasonable Air Velocity of Blast Furnace Tuyere
Authors: Guo Xi Ping , Han Wen Yue
Published: April 2013

Researching on the influence of blast furnace tuyere under the condition of hot gas flow rate range of 60 ~240m / s by the method of using computational fluid dynamics. During the process of going through the tuyere, the tuyere cool the hot gas due to the cooling water inner it . At the same time, the more slow hot gas flow velocity is, the stronger cooling effect is, the greater energy is lost. Take this to hot air flow field of three dimensional numerical simulation, and discussed the reasonable air velocity interval, which can guarantee low thermal load and prevent a loss to larger energy .
Fatigue Life Analysis of Lifting Mechanism Rod Based on Virtual Prototyping and FEM
Authors: Ge Xu Kun , Liu Da Wei , Zhu Long Long
Published: April 2013

In order to calculate fatigue life of dump truck lifting mechanism’s structure components, a virtual prototyping model of lifting mechanism was built with Multi-body Dynamic Simulation Software ADAMS. The variation of applied force of lifting mechanism rod with lifting angle was obtained from dynamic analysis of lifting mechanism. A finite element (FEM) model of the rod was established using FEM Software MSC.PATRAN/NASTRAN, and its structural strength was analyzed. On this basis, S-N curve of the rod and linear cumulative damage law was combined to calculate the rod’s fatigue life with Fatigue Analysis Software MSC.Fatigue using nominal stress method. This study provided a reference for the design and improvement of the lifting mechanism.
3D Dynamic Finite Element Simulation Analysis of Single Abrasive Grain during Profile Grinding with Axial Feed
Authors: Wang Jun Ming , Tong Fu Yuan , Li Xiao Xue
Published: April 2013

By simplifying the geometric shape of abrasive grain in a cone-shape, the authors conduct the 3D dynamic finite element simulation on profile grinding with axial feed by single abrasive grain using deform-3D software. Analysis is made on the influence upon the grinding forces in case of the same grinding speed, the same grinding depth and the same friction factor between wheel and workpiece at different axial feed. The results show that the normal force and the tangential force increase with the increase of axial feed, but the axial force decreases with the axial feed.
Numerical Simulation of the Turbulent Flow in Ultra-Precision Aerostatic Bearings
Authors: Zhu Jin Cheng , Chen Han , Chen Xue Dong
Published: April 2013

In this paper, the transient turbulent flow field in ultra-precision aerostatic bearings is numerically investigated, with the focus on vortex structures and pressure distribution in the bearing clearance. In order to capture details of transient turbulent flow, large eddy simulation (LES) is employed. It is found that with the increase of air supply pressure, the flow in the recess becomes turbulent and vortex shedding occurs near the orifice outlet. It is also demonstrated that this unsteady vortex shedding results in pressure fluctuation in the bearing clearance, which is related to the experimentally observed small vibration of the bearing on the order of nanometers.
Simulation Study of Heavy Vehicle Road-Friendliness under Bilateral Tracks’ Excitation
Authors: Liu Da Wei , Jiang Rong Chao , Yang Yue Dong , Wang Song
Published: April 2013

In order to study the road friendliness of heavy vehicle under bilateral tracks’ excitation, the spatial domain random pavement under bilateral tracks’ excitation was simulated through the second-order rational function power spectral density (PSD) and the harmonic superposition method. A rigid-flexible coupling virtual prototype of the heavy vehicle was established by using SIMPACK software. Then a driving dynamic model of heavy vehicle was established under bilateral tracks’ excitation. The tires loads of the vehicle’s each axle were calculated. The dynamic load coefficient (DLC) and 95 percentage fourth power aggregate force were used as the road-friendliness criterions for studying the road-friendliness of heavy vehicles under bilateral tracks’ road excitation. The research results could provide the basis for the prediction of road friendliness of heavy vehicle.
Quantitative Assessment the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Elastic Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Wang Yong Rong , Zhang Pei Hua , Yao Yuan
Published: April 2013

Five kinds of elastic knitted fabrics are purchased commercially for physical-mechanical properties testing, which including tensile properties, shearing properties, bending properties, compression properties and surface characteristics. Objective assessment the physical-mechanical properties of elastic knitted fabrics at its course and warp direction, respectively. And the influence of elastic fiber content on its properties is analyzed. The fabric with higher elastic fiber content has lower value in tensile force (F), elasticity modulus (E), shearing stiffness (G) and bending stiffness (B), also lower value in MIU, MMD and SMD, but higher value in tensile resilience (Re), compression linearity (LC) and compression energy (WC). The results will be the basic data for quantitatively analysis of relationship between physical-mechanical properties and performance of compression garment.
Development of a Wearable Biofeedback Emotional Control Vest for Older Adult
Authors: Lo Hsin Chang , Lin Pin Chang , Lin Kang Ping
Published: April 2013

Similar to many other countries in the world, the elderly population in Taiwan is now growing rapidly. Some older adults are found to have difficulty controlling their emotion, which may later develop into psychological diseases such as anxiety disorder. Therefore, emotional control is an important issue for elderly citizens. This study proposed a wearable biofeedback emotional control device, FeelVest, which integrates electrocardiography acquisition with heart rate variability analyzing techniques to detect user’s emotion. When a user is nervous and unstable, FeelVest would analyze the emotional state of the user. If the user’s emotional condition is judged as abnormal, the control module would remind the user to relax through vocal notification, or broadcast relaxation melodies to ease the user’s nerve. With this vest, older adults are able to monitor and regulate their own emotion and have a healthier life style.
A Study of Spinning Metering Pump Flow Rate Testing System
Authors: Lu Chun Jin , Gao Qiang
Published: April 2013

This paper describes spinning metering pump test system structure, electrical control method, slave control circuit design and its software solution. This system has been proved it can test the metering pump flow rate correctly and stably, the efficiency and precision has been improved as well via hardware and software integration debugging.
DFIG Virtual Inertia Frequency Control Strategy
Authors: Wang Huan , Pan Lei
Published: April 2013

During the DFIG maximum power tracking control process, the rotor side converter is only based on the wind turbine speed to regulate the active power output; it almost no provides effective inertia. DFIG could add auxiliary virtual inertia control system, when the system frequency is reduced, releasing the rotor "hidden" kinetic energy to support the grid dynamic frequency.
Study on the Sewing Process of Automotive Seating Fabrics
Authors: Cui Yun Hua , Jin Liang Ying
Published: April 2013

Automotive seating fabrics are assembled into complete trims by sewing process, which plays an important role on the quality of automotive seat. This paper was written based on study of the influence of the distance between stitch and selvage, gauge distance, and the type of sewing thread on automotive woven seating fabric. Furthermore, the influences of each factor and the optimum parameters were obtained by the single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiment. The results showed that sewing strength and breaking elongation are increased with increasing the distance between stitch and selvage, and are decreased with the gauge distance. On the other hand, when the distance between stitch and selvage is 8cm, the gauge distance is 2cm, and the fineness of sewing thread is 168tex, its twist is 34.18, and the break strength 72.44N, sewing strength and elongation of this kind of seating fabric are the highest.
Supply Chain Risk Evaluation Based on Bayesian Network
Authors: Liu Bo Chao
Published: April 2013

The evaluation for supply chain risk is very important to show the latent risk and eliminate the risk. In the study, Bayesian network is proposed to evaluate the supply chain risk. The assessment indexes of supply chain risk are analyzed before supply chain risk assessment. Then, the assessment indexes of supply chain risk can be used to construct the supply chain risk assessment model. We apply a certain logistics company to study the evaluation ability of Bayesian network evaluation model proposed here. The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Introduce an Evolutionary Programming Model - A Simulation of the Evolution of DNA Code
Authors: Fan Mei , Ma Jun
Published: April 2013

Via examining the evolutionary phenomena in biology, it is known that the evolution of life is based on the fact the variation of species is caused by the alteration of the DNA code sequence. If we assume the DNA molecular chain is a program code sequence, similar to the modern computer program code sequence, then the evolutionary phenomenon in biology can be simulated and it will be bring out an Evolutionary Programming Model (EPM). The main idea of this model lies in the two key conception: First is that two copies of the program code sequence in memory were loaded, then put one in the running status and the other in non-running status. Second step, use the reflection calculation to perceive the environment and adjust its functions in the running one. Then use Bytecode Engineering Technology to locate and modify the corresponding code segment of the non-running one, and consequently generate the next version program. This process can be repeated as needed, similar to the evolution of the DNA sequence in Nature. EPM enables the program to "sense" the running environment, to make corresponding adjustments in order to accommodate the running environment, and to generate the new version program at the same time. The EPM model will have widely application prospects in the field of artificial intelligence and is extremely important in guiding the future automatic program design and robotic evolution design.
The Multi-Resolution Modeling of CTCS-3 Visualization Based on Meta-Model
Authors: Deng Ye , Yang Rui , Zhou Qian Xiang
Published: April 2013

Chinese train control system is abbreviated as CTCS. And there are five levels in CTCS, and CTCS-3 is used for the high speed railway which includes the long rail lines, the different regions, and the rich variety of scenes. It is very important to describe efficiently the relation of the objects for the design and the modeling of the railway visualization. This paper proposes the multi-resolution modeling of CTCS-3 visualization based on meta-model, and introduces the formal description of this meta-model by XML. The formal description examples have certified that this method can provide the enough grammar rules for the reusability of CTCS-3 visualization model.
Calculation of Lumped Parameter of Two-Port Network for Volume Conduction Energy Delivery
Authors: Tang Zhi De , Chen Xiu Fa
Published: April 2013

Skin electrode unit is the channel through which energy can be transferred to the implanted device by volume conduction. The unit can be equivalent to lumped circuit, but so far there are no appropriate calculation methods of these circuit parameters. In this paper, the field- circuit coupling model of skin electrode unit is established to compute the voltages and currents at electrode ports, then their amplitudes and phases are extracted by using all phase FFT spectrum analysis, at last the equivalent impedance parameters of the skin electrode unit are calculated by the application of variable load method. These impedance parameters can be used for optimizing the volume conduction energy delivery system.
Photoluminescence Properties of Cd Doped ZnO Films Obtained by PLD
Authors: Zheng Bi Ju , Hu Wen
Published: April 2013

Ternary polycrystalline Zn1xCdxO semiconductor films with cadmium content (x) ranging from 0 to 0.23 were obtained on quartz substrate by pulse laser deposited (PLD) technique. X-ray diffraction measurement revealed that all the films were single phase of wurtzite structure grown on c-axis orientation with its c-axis lattice constant increasing as the Cd content x increasing. Atomic force microscopy observation revealed that the grain size of Zn1xCdxO films decreases continuously as the Cd content x increases. Photoluminescence measurements showed that the band gap decreases from 3.27 to 2.78 eV with increasing the Cd content x. Increasing the Cd content x also leads to the broadening of the emission peak. The shift of PL emission to visible light as well as the decrease of resistivity makes the Zn1xCdxO films potential candidate for optoelectronic device.
The Effect of Sputtering Power on the Properties of Zr-Ga Co-Doped ZnO Films by DC Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Wu Xiao Li , Wang Hui , Yuan Yu Zhen
Published: April 2013

Zr-Ga co-doped ZnO transparent conductive films were prepared on glass substrates by DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The influence of sputtering power on the structural, electrical and optical properties of Zr-Ga co-doped ZnO films was investgated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), digital four-point probe and optical transmission spectroscopy. The lowest resistivity of the Zr-Ga co-doped ZnO films is 3.02×10-4Ω﹒cm and the average transmittance of the films is over 90% in the visible range. The obtained optical band gap of these films is much larger than of pure ZnO (3.34 eV).
Health Risk Assessment of Six Heavy Metals in Different Sources of Honey Consumed in China
Authors: He Jin Zhe , Feng Qiang , Sun Pei Long
Published: April 2013

As the consumption of honey is booming because of its multiple health-promoting effects, the possible health risks resulting from long-term exposure to metals contained in this honey need to be evaluated. The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, As,Hg and Zn) in three sources of honeys collected from China, were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS) and hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) after microwave-assisted digestion. The rangs obtained for the element analyzed in ug kg-1 were as follow:Cd(4.9)Comparing with safety intake levels for these heavy metals recommended by US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), both the Hazard Quotient (HQ) values for single heavy metal and the Hazard Index (HI) value for all six heavy metals were far below 1, indicating no chronic-toxic risks from these heavy metals due to daily consumption of 0.01 kg of honey for a 70 kg individual.
Effects of Fly Ash on Heavy Metal Uptake of Rice Growing on Multi-Metal Contaminated Acidic Soil
Authors: Gu Hai Hong , Li Fu Ping , Guan Xiang , Xu Yong Li , Liu Ya Jing , Chen Xing Tong , Wang Xiao Hong , Wang Zheng
Published: April 2013

The effects of fly ash on heavy metal uptake by rice and Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn availibility in contaminated acidic soil were investigated in this study. The fly ash was added at 0, 20 and 40 g·kg-1dry weight soil, respectively. The results indicated that the addition of 20 g·kg-1fly ash significantly improved dry weights of leaves, stems and roots of rice. While at the rate of 40 g·kg-1fly ash, the dry weithts of leaves and stems of rice decreased. It was also showed that the application of fly ash substantially increased soil pH values from 4.0 to 5.1 and 6.4, and the higher increment was improved by the higher dosage. Further more, the addition of fly ash substantially decreased the avalibility of heavy metals, and the higher amendment dosage resulted in the lower NH4NO3extractable heavy metal concentrations. These results demonstrated that the application of fly ash at 20 g·kg-1might be an effective strategy to decrease rice metal uptake and remediate heavy metal contaminated acidic soil.
Study of PVA on Polyester Desizing with Atmospheric Pressure Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma
Authors: Li Li Ming , Li Yong Qiang , Liu Jin Qiang
Published: April 2013

The effect of atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment on desizing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on polyester fabric was discussed as compared desizing with alkali through a combination of desizing rate, field scanning electron microscopy and strength test. The dyeing properties of polyester fabrics treated with atmospheric plasma have also been studied. The results show that plasma treatment can improve desizing rate, surface color depth and dye-uptake for polyester fabric.
The Research on Design of Authentication and Charging System in Mechanical Devices
Authors: Yan Li , Yao Chen
Published: April 2013

It was presented how to design a management system under FreeBSD. The system can be used in Mechanical devices to authenticate and charge the client through PPPoE based on RADIUS, and built-in batch card generation, management functions, and can the number of user connections and bandwidth control to achieve powerful management capabilities and user self-management capabilities.
Optimization Mechanism Control Strategy of Vehicle Routing Problem Based on Improved PSO
Authors: Zhang Jun Ting , Qiao Li Xia
Published: April 2013

Traveling salesman problem based on vehicle routing problem in the case, according to the discrete domain specificity, redefine the problem domain to the mapping relationship between particles and related operation rules, and the introduction of self learning operator so that the PSO algorithm can deal with discrete problem. Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is research on how to plan the vehicles routes in order to save the transportation cost. Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed to solve the VRP in this paper. To improve the efficiency of the Particle Swarm Optimization, self-learning operator is constructed. Particles are re coded and operate rules are redefined to deal with the discrete problem of VRP. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by the simulations.
Green’s Function for Piezoelectric in Multi-Field Circumstance with a Generalized Line Force on an Elliptical Hole Surface
Authors: Dai Long Chao , Gong Jun Jie
Published: April 2013

The analysis on a two-dimensional infinite anisotropic magnetoelectroelastic solid containing an elliptic hole subjected to a generalized force on the hole surface is performed in this paper. By employing the Stroh formalism, the method of analytical continuation, the technique of conformal mapping, the concept of superposition and the exact electromagnetic boundary conditions, the Green’s functions are obtained.
Efficient Prediction of Runout Parameters in End Milling Operation
Authors: Zuo Jian Min , Wu Ling , Wang Mu Lan , Wang Bao Sheng , Hou Jun Ming , Feng Yong
Published: April 2013

This paper aims at studying a method to identify the cutter runout parameters for end milling. An analytical cutting force model for end milling is proposed to predict cutting force. The cutting force is separated into a nominal component independent of the cutter runout and a perturbation component induced by the cutter runout. Using the cutting force acting on the and directions to calculate the difference between the cutting radius of the adjacent tooth. Then runout parameters are obtained after a series of data processing. The simulation and the experimented results are made to validate the presented methods.
Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Ironing Process for Deep Cup Shaped Workpiece
Authors: Huang Li Li , Lu Xiao Yang , Zhang Xiang Wei
Published: April 2013

The numerical simulation of the ironing process of deep cup shaped part was conducted by finite element software Deform 3D. The influences of interface friction and deformation velocity on the forming load and blank damage were studied in this paper. The simulation results showed that the forming load and damage increased obviously with the increase of the friction between the blank and cavity die. The blank damage increased and the forming load decreased with the increase of deformation velocity. These conclusions provide a reliable theoretical basis for the optimization of the ironing process of deep cup shaped part.
Non-Linear Vibration Modeling and Simulation of a Gear Pair Based on ADAMS and Simulink
Authors: Huo Chun Jing , Liu Hui , Cai Zhong Chang , Wang Ming Zheng
Published: April 2013

To set up the virtual prototype of a gear train system in the dynamic analysis software ADAMS, the torsional vibration model of a gear pair was transformed into an equivalent transmission model in which a multi-body model was established in ADAMS and its meshing force solution model was established in Simulink. The time-varying mesh stiffness, gear clearance, meshing errors and other non-linear factors can be included in the gear meshing feedback model, more importantly, the influence of gear speed fluctuation on the time-varying mesh stiffness was taken into consideration. The simulation results contrastively prove the feasibility of co-simulation for obtaining the dynamic characteristics of gear meshing process.
The Effects of Torsional Pre-Strain on 35CrMo Tensile Property and Uncertainty Evaluation
Authors: Yang Xi Jie , Wang Shi Yue , Liu Guo Shou
Published: April 2013

The effect of torsional pre-strain on 35CrMo tensile property is study in this paper. A series of 35CrMo tensile test under different torsional deformation, 0°、45°、135°、225°、405° and 585°,are finished. The tensile stress-torsional deformation curve and tensile stress uncertainty evaluation are finished after analyze, according to the Kolmogorov and Grubbs criterion, of test results is done. It is found that tensile stress increases while the torsional deformation is not bigger than 405°, the tensile stress decreases obviously when torsional deformation becomes 585°. Uncertainty evaluation is helpful to understanding and recognition the influences on metal material mechanics property test.
Effects of Laser Shock Peening on TC11 Titanium Alloy with Different Impacts
Authors: Nie Xiang Fan , He Wei Feng , Zhou Liu Cheng , Li Yu Qin , Chai Yan
Published: April 2013

The blade, made of TC11 titanium alloy, is prone to result in fatigue failure in the formidable environment in aero-engine. So a higher performance request of the material is brought forward. In this paper, laser shock peening(LSP) as a solution is applied to TC11 titanium alloy and microstructure, residual stress and microhardness with and without LSP were examined and compared via transmission electron microscope(TEM), X ray diffraction(XRD)and microhardness tester. The TEM results indicate that a great high density of dislocations are generated and evolve into the dislocation wall, sub-boundary and grain boundary. The nanocrystallites are formed and become smaller and more uniform with greater impacts. A high compressive residual stress above -540MPa is introduced with an increasing plastically affected layer with different impacts. The microhardness test result shows that LSP can obviously increase the hardness by 20 percent or so, and the affected depth increases with the impact from 600μm to 1200μm.
Preparation and Characterization of BaBi2Nb2O9/PVDF Inorganic-Organic Composite Ultrafiltration Membranes
Authors: Zhang Dong Hua , Pan Li Jing , Sun Da Zhi
Published: April 2013

BaBi2Nb2O9/PVDF (polyvinylidene ﬂuoride) composite ultraﬁltration (UF)membranes were prepared by alloying BaBi2Nb2O9 (BBN) particles uniformly in the PVDF solution (15% polymer weight) and used a phase-inversion method. This paper studied the effect of the concentration of BBN from 0% to 5% in 0.2Mpa on pure water flux and rejection rate to Bovine serum albumin (BSA). The cross-sectional structures of composite membranes were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, XRD results revealed the crystal structure of PVDF. The experimental results showed that the BBN/PVDF composite ultraﬁltration membranes were superior in separation performances than the pure PVDF membranes due to the addition of BBN.