bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Significance of Low-Flow Time in Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Results from the RESCUE Registry
Authors: Park Ik Hyun , Yang Jeong Hoon , Jang Woo Jin , Chun Woo Jung , Oh Ju Hyeon , Park Yong Hwan , Yu Cheol Woong , Kim Hyun-Joong , Kim Bum Sung , Jeong Jin-Ok , Lee Hyun Jong , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol
Published: November 2020

Limited data are available on the association between low-flow time and survival in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) who undergo extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). We evaluated data from 183 IHCA patients who underwent ECPR as a rescue procedure. Patients were divided into two groups: patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as an adjunct to standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation for less than 38 min (n = 110) or for longer than 38 min (n = 73). The ECPR ≤ 38 min group had a significantly greater incidence of survival to discharge compared to the ECPR > 38 min group (40.0% versus 24.7%, p = 0.032). The incidence of good neurologic outcomes at discharge tended to be greater in the ECPR ≤ 38 min group than in the ECPR > 38 min group (35.5% versus 24.7%, p = 0.102). The incidences of limb ischemia (p = 0.354) and stroke (p = 0.805) were similar between the two groups, but major bleeding occurred less frequently in the ECPR ≤ 38 min group compared to the ECPR > 38 min group (p = 0.002). Low-flow time ≤ 38 min may reduce the risk of mortality and fatal neurologic damage and could be a measure of optimal management in patients with IHCA.
New Strategies for Rehabilitation and Pharmacological Treatment of Fatigue Syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Zielińska-Nowak Ewa , Włodarczyk Lidia , Kostka Joanna , Miller Elżbieta
Published: November 2020

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with an inflammatory demyelinating basis and a progressive course. The course of the disease is very diverse and unpredictable. Patients face many problems on a daily basis, such as problems with vision; sensory, balance, and gait disturbances; pain; muscle weakness; spasticity; tremor; urinary and fecal disorders; depression; and rapidly growing fatigue, which significantly influences quality of life among MS patients. Excessive fatigue occurs in most MS patients in all stages of this disease and is named MS-related fatigue. The crucial issue is the lack of effective treatment; therefore, this review focuses not only on the most common treatment methods, but also on additional novel therapies such as whole-body cryotherapy (WBC), functional electrical stimulation (FES), and non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS). We also highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the most popular clinical scales used to measure fatigue. The entire understanding of the origins of MS-related fatigue may lead to the development of more effective strategies that can improve quality of life among MS patients. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PEDro databases.
Topographic Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: Challenges and Tricks
Authors: Gisondi Paolo , Bellinato Francesco , Girolomoni Giampiero
Published: November 2020

Background: Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease presenting with erythematous and desquamative plaques with sharply demarcated margins, usually localized on extensor surface areas. Objective: To describe the common differential diagnosis of plaque psoriasis classified according to its topography in the scalp, trunk, extremities, folds (i.e., inverse), genital, palmoplantar, nail, and erythrodermic psoriasis. Methods: A narrative review based on an electronic database was performed including reviews and original articles published until 1 September 2020, assessing the clinical presentations and differential diagnosis for psoriasis. Results: Several differential diagnoses could be considered with other inflammatory, infectious, and/or neoplastic disorders. Topographical differential diagnosis may include seborrheic dermatitis, tinea capitis, lichen planopilaris in the scalp; lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, atopic dermatitis, syphilis, tinea corporis, pityriasis rubra pilaris in the trunk and arms; infectious intertrigo in the inguinal and intergluteal folds and eczema and palmoplantar keratoderma in the palms and soles. Conclusions: Diagnosis of psoriasis is usually straightforward but may at times be difficult and challenging. Skin cultures for dermatophytes and/or skin biopsy for histological examination could be required for diagnostic confirmation of plaque psoriasis.
Which Are the Most Suitable Stents for Interventional Endoscopic Ultrasound?
Authors: Park Se Woo , Lee Sang Soo
Published: November 2020

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided interventions provide easy access to structures adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract, effectively targeting them for therapeutic purposes. They play an important role in the management of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC) and bile duct (BD) and pancreatic duct (PD) drainage in cases of failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or gallbladder (GB) drainage. Specially designed stents and delivery systems for EUS-guided transluminal interventions allow various new applications and improve the efficacy and safety of these procedures. In fact, EUS-guided drainage has emerged as the treatment of choice for the management of PFC, and recent innovations such as fully covered metal stents (including lumen-apposing metal stents) have improved outcomes in patients with walled-off necrosis. Similarly, EUS-guided BD and PD drainage with specially designed stents can be beneficial for patients with failed ERCP due to an inaccessible papilla, gastric outlet obstruction, or surgically altered anatomy. EUS-guided GB drainage is also performed using dedicated stents in patients with acute cholecystitis who are not fit for surgery. Although the field of dedicated stents for interventional EUS is rapidly advancing with increasing innovations, the debate on the most appropriate stent for EUS-guided drainage has resurfaced. Furthermore, some important questions remain unaddressed, such as which stent improves clinical outcomes and safety in EUS-guided drainage. Herein, the current status and problems of the available stents are reviewed, including the applicable indications, long-term clinical outcomes, comparison between each stent, and their future prospects.
Fixed Dose versus Height-Adjusted Conventional Dose of Intrathecal Hyperbaric Bupivacaine for Caesarean Delivery: A Prospective, Double-Blinded Randomised Trial
Authors: Białowolska Katarzyna , Horosz Bartosz , Sękowska Agnieszka , Malec-Milewska Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

The optimal intrathecal dose of local anaesthetic for caesarean section (CS) anaesthesia is still being debated. We performed a study to compare the effectiveness and safety of spinal anaesthesia with 12.5 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine and a dosing regimen of conventional doses adjusted to parturient height. One hundred and forty parturients scheduled for elective CS were enrolled. The fixed-dose group (FD) received a spinal block with 12.5 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine with fentanyl, whereas the adjusted-dose group (AD) received a height-adjusted dose of bupivacaine (9–13 mg) with fentanyl. Sensory block ≥ T5 dermatome within 10 min and no need for supplementary analgesia were set as the composite primary outcome (success). Rates of successful blocks and complications were compared. Complete data were available for 134 cases. Spinal anaesthesia was successful in 58 out of 67 patients in the FD group and 57 out of 67 in the AD group (p > 0.05). Eight spinals in each group failed to produce a block ≥ T5 in 10 min, and one patient in the FD group and two in the AD group required i.v. analgesics despite sensory block ≥ T5. No differences were noted in terms of hypotension, bradycardia and nausea between the FD and AD groups. Compared to the height-adjusted dose regimen based on conventional doses of hyperbaric bupivacaine, the fixed dose regimen of 12.5 mg was equally effective and did not increase the risk of spinal block-related complications.
A Locking Sweeping Method Based Path Planning for Unmanned Surface Vehicles in Dynamic Maritime Environments
Authors: Zhuang Jiayuan , Luo Jing , Liu Yuanchang
Published: November 2020

Unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) are new marine intelligent platforms that can autonomously operate in various ocean environments with intelligent decision-making capability. As one of key technologies enabling such a capability, path planning algorithms underpin the navigation and motion control of USVs by providing optimized navigational trajectories. To accommodate complex maritime environments that include various static/moving obstacles, it is important to develop a computational efficient path planning algorithm for USVs so that real-time operation can be effectively carried out. This paper therefore proposes a new algorithm based on the fast sweeping method, named the locking sweeping method (LSM). Compared with other conventional path planning algorithms, the proposed LSM has an improved computational efficiency and can be well applied in dynamic environments that have multiple moving obstacles. When generating an optimal collision-free path, moving obstacles are modelled with ship domains that are calculated based upon ships’ velocities. To evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, particularly the capacity in dealing with practical environments, three different sets of simulations were undertaken in environments built using electronic nautical charts (ENCs). Results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively cope with complex maritime traffic scenarios by generating smooth and safe trajectories.
The Optimization Process for Seaside Operations at Medium-Sized Container Terminals with a Multi-Quay Layout
Authors: Grubisic Neven , Krljan Tomislav , Maglic Livia
Published: November 2020

The optimization of seaside operations at container terminals includes solving standard berth and crane allocation problems. The question arises about the efficiency of such optimizations in small and medium-sized container terminals, with different quay designs or different terminal layouts. This paper focuses on developing an integrated model that would apply to medium-sized terminals with a multi-quay layout. The main objectives are determining the shortest possible vessel stay at the port and providing a high-reliability service to ship operators. The developed integrated model includes the optimization process in three stages: initiation, assignment, and adjustment. The model’s main feature is generating operational scenarios based on the cargo distribution onboard and integrated berth and crane allocation. The aim is to choose the most favorable option to optimize ships’ overall processing time in the planning horizon. The experiment was conducted to test the model’s functionality and justify the results by comparing the results obtained by the integrated model with the classical approach of berth and crane allocation in a multi-quay environment. The results show significant improvements in peak periods when ships’ arrivals are concentrated in smaller time intervals by applying the integrated model.
Vulvovaginal Candidosis: Current Concepts, Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Sustr Valentina , Foessleitner Philipp , Kiss Herbert , Farr Alex
Published: November 2020

Vulvovaginal candidosis (VVC) is a frequently occurring infection of the lower female genital tract, mostly affecting immuno-competent women at childbearing age. Candida albicans is the most prevalent pathogenic yeast—apart from other non-albicans species—related to this fungal infection. Different virulence factors of C. albicans have been identified, which increase the risk of developing VVC. To initiate treatment and positively influence the disease course, fast and reliable diagnosis is crucial. In this narrative review, we cover the existing state of understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of VVC. However, treatment recommendations should follow current guidelines.
Fishing Tourism as an Opportunity for Sustainable Rural Development—The Case of Galicia, Spain
Authors: González Rubén C. Lois , Piñeiro Antelo María de los Ángeles
Published: November 2020

The functional diversification of coastal fishing communities has been a central objective of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) since the early stages of its implementation. A large part of the initiatives financed throughout Europe have been linked to the creation of synergies between the fishing sector and tourism. This paper analyses the opportunities for the development of fishing tourism at the regional level, considering the investments of European and regional funds on the development of fishing tourism in Galicia. Special attention is given to the incorporation of the territorial perspective and Community-Led Local Development (CLLD) for the sustainable development of fishing areas. The results show limitations of this form of tourism in terms of employment and income, especially those developed by fishermen, despite the significant support of the regional government for this activity. This situation allows a critical reflection on the opportunity to convert fishermen into tourist guides, based on the need to diversify the economy and income of fishing communities.
Chromosomal Instability May Not Be a Predictor for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors from a Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wu Chiao-En , Yeh Da-Wei , Pan Yi-Ru , Huang Wen-Kuan , Chen Ming-Huang , Chang John Wen-Cheng , Chen Jen-Shi , Wang Yu-Chao , Yeh Chun-Nan
Published: November 2020

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the standard of care in various cancers, although their predictive tools have not yet completely developed. Here, we aimed to exam the role of 70-gene chromosomal instability signature (CIN70) in cancers, and its association with previous predictors, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI), for patients undergoing ICIs, as well as the possible predictive value for ICIs. We examined the association of CIN70 with TMB and MSI, as well as the impact of these biomarkers on the survival of 33 cancer cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databank. The predictive value of the ICIs of CIN70 in previously published reports was also validated. Using the TCGA dataset, CIN70 scores were frequently (either positively or negatively) associated with TMB, but were only significantly associated with MSI status in three types of cancer. In addition, our current study showed that all TMB, MSI, and CIN70 had their own prognostic values for survival in patients with various cancers, and that they could be cancer type-specific. In two validation cohorts (melanoma by Hugo et al. and urothelial cancer by Snyder et al.), no significant difference of CIN70 scores was found between responders and non-responders (p-value = 0.226 and 0.108, respectively). In addition, no overall survival difference was noted between patients with a high CIN70 and those with a low CIN70 (p-value = 0.106 and 0.222, respectively). In conclusion, the current study, through a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, demonstrated a correlation between CIN70 and TMB, but CIN70 is not the predictor for cancer patients undergoing ICIs. Future prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings.
Effect of Laser Heat-Treatment and Laser Nitriding on the Microstructural Evolutions and Wear Behaviors of AISI P21 Mold Steel
Authors: Shin Won-Sang , Yoo Hyun Jong , Kim Jeoung Han , Choi Jiyeon , Chun Eun-Joon , Park Changkyoo , Kim Yoon-Jun
Published: November 2020

Laser heat-treatment and laser nitriding were conducted on an AISI P21 mold steel using a high-power diode laser with laser energy densities of 90 and 1125 J/mm2, respectively. No change in surface hardness was observed after laser heat-treatment. In contrast, a relatively larger surface hardness was measured after laser nitriding (i.e., 536 HV) compared with that of the base metal (i.e., 409 HV). The TEM and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analyses revealed that laser nitriding induced to develop AlN precipitates up to a depth of 15 μm from the surface, resulting in surface hardening. The laser-nitrided P21 exhibited a superior wear resistance compared with that of the base metal and laser heat-treated P21 in the pin-on-disk tribotests. After 100 m of a sliding distance of the pin-on-disk test, the total wear loss of the base metal was measured to be 0.74 mm3, and it decreased to 0.60 mm3 for the laser-nitrided P21. The base metal and laser heat-treated P21 showed similar wear behaviors. The larger wear resistance of the laser-nitrided P21 was attributed to the AlN precipitate-induced surface hardening.
Intestinal Barrier Function in Health and Disease—Any Role of SARS-CoV-2?
Authors: Sharma Lakshya , Riva Antonio
Published: November 2020

Alterations in the structure and function of the intestinal barrier play a role in the pathogenesis of a multitude of diseases. During the recent and ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, it has become clear that the gastrointestinal system and the gut barrier may be affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, and disruption of barrier functions or intestinal microbial dysbiosis may have an impact on the progression and severity of this new disease. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of current evidence on the involvement of gut alterations in human disease including COVID-19, with a prospective outlook on supportive therapeutic strategies that may be investigated to rescue intestinal barrier functions and possibly facilitate clinical improvement in these patients.
Intraspecific Seasonal Variation of Flowering Synchronization in a Heterodichogamous Tree
Authors: Tel-Zur Noemi , Keasar Tamar
Published: November 2020

Heterodichogamous reproduction in plants involves two flowering morphs, reciprocal in their timing of male and female sexual functions. The degree of synchrony in floral sex phase, within and between individuals of each morph, determines the flowers’ potential fertilization partners. Complete within-morph synchrony enables across-morph mating alone, whereas unsynchronized floral sex phases may allow fertilization within a plant individual (geitonogamy) or within a morph. We documented the disruption of flowering synchrony in the heterodichogamous Ziziphus spina-christi towards the end of its seven-month flowering season. This desert tree has self-incompatible, protandrous, short-lived (2-day) flowers that open before dawn (‘Early’ morph) or around noon (‘Late’ morph). We counted flowers in the male and female phase on flowering branches that were sampled monthly during the 2016–2018 flowering seasons. In 2018, we also tagged flowers and followed their sex-phase distributions over two days at the start, middle, and end of the season. The switch to the female phase was delayed at the end-season (November-December), and 74% of the flowers did not develop beyond their male phase. Differences in male-phase duration resulted in asynchrony among flowers within each tree and among trees of both flowering morphs. Consequently, fertilization between trees of the same morph becomes potentially possible during the end-season. In controlled hand-pollination assays, some within-morph fertilizations set fruit. The end-season breakdown of synchronous flowering generates variability within morphs and populations. We suggest that this variability may potentially enable new mating combinations in a population and enhance its genetic diversity.
Differential Expression Profiling Reveals Stress-Induced Cell Fate Divergence in Soybean Microspores
Authors: Hale Brett , Phipps Callie , Rao Naina , Wijeratne Asela , Phillips Gregory C.
Published: November 2020

Stress-induced microspore embryogenesis is a widely employed method to achieve homozygosity in plant breeding programs. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern gametophyte de- and redifferentiation are understood poorly. In this study, RNA-Seq was used to evaluate global changes across the microspore transcriptome of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) as a consequence of pretreatment low-temperature stress. Expression analysis revealed more than 20,000 differentially expressed genes between treated and control microspore populations. Functional enrichment illustrated that many of these genes (e.g., those encoding heat shock proteins and cytochrome P450s) were upregulated to maintain cellular homeostasis through the mitigation of oxidative damage. Moreover, transcripts corresponding to saccharide metabolism, vacuolar transport, and other pollen-related developmental processes were drastically downregulated among treated microspores. Temperature stress also triggered cell wall modification and cell proliferation—characteristics that implied putative commitment to an embryonic pathway. These findings collectively demonstrate that pretreatment cold stress induces soybean microspore reprogramming through suppression of the gametophytic program while concomitantly driving sporophytic development.
Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Sugar Beet Seedlings to Confer Stress Adaptability under Drought Condition
Authors: Islam Md. Jahirul , Kim Ji Woong , Begum Mst. Kohinoor , Sohel Md. Abu Taher , Lim Young-Seok
Published: November 2020

The present study was conducted to examine the adaptability of 11 sugar beet cultivars grown under drought stress in the controlled glasshouse. The treatment was initiated on 30-day-old sugar beet plants where drought stress was made withholding water supply for consecutive 10 days while control was done with providing water as per requirement. It was observed that drought stress expressively reduced plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, and photosynthetic quantum yield in all the cultivars but comparative better results were observed in S1 (MAXIMELLA), S2 (HELENIKA), S6 (RECODDINA), S8 (SV2347), and S11 (BSRI Sugarbeet 2) cultivars. Besides, osmolytes like proline, glycine betaine, total soluble carbohydrate, total soluble sugar, total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and DPPH free radical scavenging activity were remarkably increased under drought condition in MAXIMELLA, HELENIKA, TERRANOVA, GREGOIA, SV2348, and BSRI Sugar beet 2 cultivars. In contrast, activities of enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) were significantly decreased in all, while the cultivars SV2347, BSRI Sugar beet 1 and BSRI Sugar beet 2 were found with increased ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity under drought condition. In parallel, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was increased in all cultivars except HELENIKA. Overall, the cultivars HELENIKA, RECODDINA, GREGOIA, SV2347, SV2348, BSRI Sugar beet 1, and BSRI Sugar beet 2 were found best fitted to the given drought condition. These findings would help further for the improvement of stress adaptive sugar beet cultivars development in the breeding program for drought-prone regions.
Synergistic Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis IAGS 199 and Putrescine on Alleviating Cadmium-Induced Phytotoxicity in Capsicum annum
Authors: Shah Anis Ali , Bibi Fatima , Hussain Iqtidar , Yasin Nasim Ahmad , Akram Waheed , Tahir Muhammad Saeed , Ali Hayssam M. , Salem Mohamed Z. M. , Siddiqui Manzer H. , Danish Subhan , Fahad Shah , Datta Rahul
Published: November 2020

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and putrescine (Put) have shown a promising role in the mitigation of abiotic stresses in plants. The present study was anticipated to elucidate the potential of Bacillus thuringiensis IAGS 199 and Put in mitigation of cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity in Capsicum annum. Cadmium toxicity decreased growth, photosynthetic rate, gas exchange attributes and activity of antioxidant enzymes in C. annum seedlings. Moreover, higher levels of protein and non-protein bound thiols besides increased Cd contents were also observed in Cd-stressed plants. B. thuringiensis IAGS 199 and Put, alone or in combination, reduced electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in treated plants. Synergistic effect of B. thuringiensis IAGS 199 and Put significantly enhanced the activity of stress-responsive enzymes including peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Furthermore, Put and microbial interaction enhanced the amount of proline, soluble sugars, and total soluble proteins in C. annum plants grown in Cd-contaminated soil. Data obtained during the current study advocates that application of B. thuringiensis IAGS 199 and Put establish a synergistic role in the mitigation of Cd-induced stress through modulating physiochemical features of C. annum plants.
Function and Mechanism of WRKY Transcription Factors in Abiotic Stress Responses of Plants
Authors: Li Weixing , Pang Siyu , Lu Zhaogeng , Jin Biao
Published: November 2020

The WRKY gene family is a plant-specific transcription factor (TF) group, playing important roles in many different response pathways of diverse abiotic stresses (drought, saline, alkali, temperature, and ultraviolet radiation, and so forth). In recent years, many studies have explored the role and mechanism of WRKY family members from model plants to agricultural crops and other species. Abiotic stress adversely affects the growth and development of plants. Thus, a review of WRKY with stress responses is important to increase our understanding of abiotic stress responses in plants. Here, we summarize the structural characteristics and regulatory mechanism of WRKY transcription factors and their responses to abiotic stress. We also discuss current issues and future perspectives of WRKY transcription factor research.
Efficiency of Wheat Straw Biochar in Combination with Compost and Biogas Slurry for Enhancing Nutritional Status and Productivity of Soil and Plant
Authors: Abbas Aown , Naveed Muhammad , Azeem Muhammad , Yaseen Muhammad , Ullah Rehmat , Alamri Saud , Ain Farooq Qurrat ul , Siddiqui Manzer H.
Published: November 2020

In the present study, we investigated the impact of different combinations of wheat straw biochar, compost and biogas slurry on maize growth, physiology, and nutritional status in less productive soils. The experiment was performed as a completely randomized block design in a greenhouse pot experiment. The compost and biogas slurry were applied with and without biochar. The results revealed that a combination of biochar, compost, and biogas slurry enhanced the cation exchange capacity (31%), carbon (83%), phosphorus (67%) and potassium (81%) contents in the soil. Likewise, a significant increase in soil microbial biomass carbon (15%) and nitrogen (37%) was noticed with the combined use of all organic amendments. Moreover, the combined application of biochar, compost and biogas slurry enhanced soil urease and β-glucosidase activity up to 96% and 67% over control respectively. In addition, plant height, chlorophyll content, water use efficiency and 1000-grain weight were also enhanced up to 54%, 90%, 53% and 21% respectively, with the combined use of all amendments. Here, biochar addition helped to reduce the nutrient losses of compost and biogas slurry as well. It is concluded that biochar application in combination with compost and biogas slurry could be a more sustainable, environment-friendly and cost-effective approach, particularly for less fertile soils.
Temporal Persistence of Bromadiolone in Decomposing Bodies of Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
Authors: Valverde Irene , Espín Silvia , Gómez-Ramírez Pilar , Navas Isabel , Sánchez-Virosta Pablo , Torres-Chaparro María Y. , Jiménez Pedro , María-Mojica Pedro , García-Fernández Antonio J.
Published: November 2020

Bromadiolone is a second generation anticoagulant rodenticide (SGAR) used to control pest rodents worldwide. SGARs are frequently involved in secondary poisoning in rodent predators due to their persistence and toxicity. This study aims to evaluate the persistence of bromadiolone in liver at different stages of carcass decomposition in experimentally-dosed common kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) to understand the possibility of detecting bromadiolone in cases of wildlife poisoning and the potential risk of tertiary poisoning. Twelve individuals were divided into the bromadiolone-dose group (dosed with 55 mg/kg b.w) and the control group. Hepatic bromadiolone concentrations found in each stage of decomposition were: 3000, 2891, 4804, 4245, 8848, and 756 ng/g dry weight at 1–2 h (fresh carcass), 24 h (moderate decomposition), 72 h, 96 h (advanced decomposition), seven days (very advanced decomposition), and 15 days (initial skeletal reduction) after death, respectively. Liver bromadiolone concentrations in carcasses remained relatively stable over the first four days and raised on day 7 of decomposition under the specific conditions of this experiment, presenting a risk of causing tertiary poisoning. However, at the initial skeletal reduction stage, liver bromadiolone concentration declined, which should be considered to interpret toxicological analyses and for proper diagnosis. This experimental study provides for the first time some light to better understand the degradation of SGARs in carcasses in the wild.
Influence of the Viral Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Homologue on Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) Growth, Histopathology and Pathogenicity
Authors: Douglass Nicola , Munyanduki Henry , Omar Ruzaiq , Gers Sophette , Mutowembwa Paidamwoyo , Heath Livio , Williamson Anna-Lise
Published: November 2020

Lumpy skin disease is an important economic disease of cattle that is controlled by vaccination. This paper presents an investigation into the role of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) superoxide dismutase (SOD) homologue on growth and histopathology of the virus both in vitro and in vivo. SOD homologue knock-out and knock-in recombinants (nLSDV∆SOD-UCT and nLSDVSODis-UCT, respectively) were constructed and compared to the Neethling vaccine (nLSDV) for growth in a permissive bovine cell line as well as on fertilized chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs). The infected CAMs were scored for histological changes. Deletion of the SOD homologue from LSDV reduced virus growth both in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells as well as on CAMs. Furthermore, the knockout virus showed reduced inflammation in CAMs and more ballooning degeneration. A pilot experiment was performed in cattle to compare the lesions produced by the different LSDV constructs in the same animal. One animal developed a larger lesion to nLSDV∆SOD-UCT compared to both nLSDVSODis-UCT and nLSDV. Histological analysis of biopsies of these lesions shows less inflammation and necrosis associated with nLSDVSODis-UCT compared to nLSDV and nLSDV∆SOD-UCT. None of the vaccinated animals showed disseminated LSDV disease, indicating that the candidate vaccines are safe for further testing. Our results suggest that the SOD homologue may improve immunogenicity and reduce virulence.
Transformações na Rota Turística do Delta do Parnaíba (PI/MA): percurso histórico
Authors: Silva Maria do Carmo Linhares da , Lima Samara dos Santos , Braga Solano de Souza , Melo Rodrigo de Sousa
Published: November 2020

EEste artigo investigou a história e as transformações ocorridas nas rotas turísticas no Delta do Parnaíba entre o Piauí e o Maranhão, com o intuito de observar como atividade turística vem modificando o espaço geográfico, sobretudo no trajeto dos barcos grandes em que acontece o “passeio tradicional”. A metodologia baseou-se em pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, sob a técnica de amostragem snowball (Bola de Neve) com o emprego de entrevistas orais com empresários e moradores que trabalham com o passeio, no qual buscou-se construir um levantamento histórico do desenvolvimento da atividade turística da região. Verificou-se a necessidade de desenvolver o presente estudo pelo fato de poucas pesquisas abordarem a história e ponto inicial da exploração turística no Delta do Parnaíba, visto que o referido destino apresenta-se como uma das maiores riquezas ambientais existentes na região e um dos principais atrativos turísticos do Piauí e da Rota das Emoções (MA, PI e CE). Os resultados reportaram que foi possível observar que o Delta não possui as mesmas características históricas. A atividade turística é exercida sem planejamento que assegure sustentabilidade e valorização ambiental, cultura e turística da região.
SISTEM PENGOLAHAN KONTRAK KREDIT PADA PT. FEDERAL INTERNATIONAL FINANCE (FIFGROUP) MATARAM
Authors: Saputra Agus Marjan
Published: November 2020

Abstrak - Judul dari penelitian ini adalah Sistem pengolahan kontrak kredit pada PT. Federal International Finance (FIFGROUP) Mataram. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem pengolahan kontrak kredit pada PT. Federal  International  Finance  (FIFGROUP)  Mataram.  Penelitian  ini  bermanfaat, sebagai bahan masukan pengembangan bagi perusahaan FIFGROUP Mataram dalam menentukan langkah- langkah kebijakan yang akan dating terkait dengan sistem pengelolaan kontrak kredit. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu jenis penelitian  Deskriftif.  Adapun  teknik  pengumpulan  data  dari  penelitian  ini  berupa teknik wawancara, observai dan dokumentas. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif serta sumber data dari penelitian berupa data primer  dan  data  sekunder. Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  pengolahan kontrak kredit pada PT. Federal International Finance (FIFGROUP) Mataram. Dapat di proses atau dikerjakan melalui beberapa bagian yang berintraksi dan bekerjasam melakukan pengolahan kontrak kredit.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SILENT WAY IN IMPROVING STUDENT LINGUISTIC PERFORMANCE IN INTENSIVE ENGLISH COURSE (IEC) CLASS
Authors: Indriana Pathul
Published: November 2020

Abstrak –this classroom research answers the two questions in the research problems. Firstly, Silent Way Method is so effective in improving student linguistic performance in Intensive English Course at Year 2 students in the Department of English Education Program at the Faculty of Teachers Training and Education as it explores students speaking skill to emerge and those who are shy feel confident to speak English even a bit. Secondly, it is so clear that Silent Way Method gives evidence to us that it can significantly improved student linguistic performance in Intensive English Course at Year 2 students in the Department of English Education Program at the Faculty of Teachers Training and Education by looking at the evidence as follows: 1)Teacher can provide oral fluency practice using presentation and group work model, 2) Teacher succeeds very well in achieving direct error correction  and the discourse is allowed to proceed with minimum  interruption, 3) In giving content  feedback, teacher suceeds to create an atmosphere which is conducive to learning and is likely to promote learner involvement, 4) By constantly checking  for  confirmation, it creates considerable evidence that teachers who constantly  seek clarification, check  for confirmation and who do not always accept the first contribution a student offers are more likely to maximize linguistic performace potential than those who do not constantly, 5) Teacher succeeds in engaging students and  in  promoting  longer verbal communication. His verbal behaviour allows students to play a full and active role in classroom, producing more  complete, more natural responses, 6) Teacher only intervenes when necessary, giving language support, correcting  errors or adding a personal comment, 7) As far as the learner contributions are concerned, it is evident from this extract that learners and teacher are actively engaged in constructing a piece of discourse which resembles a conversation. Silent Way Method indeed has a number of  positive  effects, from  an  excited, questioning approach to teaching to improved classroom interaction and involvement with the students. By controlled use of language and by matching pedagogic and linguistic goals, teacher facilitates and promotes reformulation and clarification, leading to greater involvement and precision of language on the part of the  learners.
Comprometidos con el avance
Authors: Campos Soto Rosario
Published: November 2020

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DETERMINATION OF TECHNICAL-AND-ECONOMIC INDICES OF ROOT CROP CONVEYER-SEPARATOR DURING THEIR MOTION ON CURVED PATH
Authors: Hevko R.B. , Tkachenko I.G. , Khomyk N.I. , Gumeniuk Y.P. , Flonts I.V. , Gumeniuk O.О.
Published: November 2020

The results of theoretical and experimental study of the process of root crops carrying by a conveyer-separator of a three-row trailed root crop harvester whose rubber belt with rods is equipped with scrapers and has a sign-variable direction of transportation to minimize the machine length have been described in the article. Some analytical dependencies describing the impact of design and kinematic parameters of the conveyer-separator on the root crops motion pattern have been given and analysed. The results of the research including the key factors identification affecting the process of root crops transportation on the curvilinear path between the conveyer-separator members are presented in the experimental part. The theoretical and experimental studies have been compared and the boundaries of the most efficient design and kinematic parameters choice of the conveyer-separator under discussion have been suggested.
Relationship Of Knowledge, Motivation Of Mother And The Role Of Health Workers With Gift Basic Immunization For Infants In The Work Area Of UPT Puskesmas M
Authors: Sari Nova Pahria , Hayati Ridha , Ilmi M. Bahrul
Published: November 2020

One of the programs in improving health status through immunization. Nationally, more than 90% immunization coverage has been achieved by Indonesia. However, there are still many areas that are difficult to reach immunization services and low immunization coverage. The purpose. of this study is to. analyze the relationship between knowledge, motivation of mothers & role health workers with gift basic immunization for infants  in work area UPT Puskesmas M. This study was an observational analytic type with a cross sectional approach. Samples in this study 86 respondents, namely mothers who have children aged 10-24 months. instrument used for collect data of a study is questions and processing result with statistic chi- square. On the results of a study it can be concluded that there is a relationship between knowledge with basic immunization enough (48,8%), and high motivation of mothers (51,2%) with basic immunization, and for role health workers with gift basic immunization good category (100%). On the results of a study Expected UPT Puskesmas M can improve programs that are promotive and preventive in matters relating to immunization.
Hegemoni Kerja Imaterial Sebagai Peluang Resistensi Terhadap Kapitalisme Dalam Perspektif Autonomia
Authors: Prasetyo A. Galih
Published: November 2020

Abstrak: Kapitalisme kontemporer dicirikan oleh beberapa transformasi makro-struktural, seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Salah satu dari transformasi paling drastis terjadi di dalam aktivitas kerja. Sebagai aktivitas utama yang mendorong akumulasi modal, dunia kerja hari ini ditandai oleh hegemoni kerja imaterial. Artikel ini menyajikan pikiran dan gagasan dari Autonomia, sebuah “aliran pemikiran” kontemporer dari Italia yang merenungkan sifat dan karakter dari jenis kerja “baru” tersebut. Para pemikir Autonomia berargumen bahwa hegemoni kerja imaterial memberikan tantangan dan peluang baru dalam tatanan kapitalisme. Sementara pekerja imaterial rentan untuk dieksploitasi oleh pihak kapitalis, mereka juga dapat membebaskan dirinya dari penindasan kapitalis. Hal ini dimungkinkan karena kerja imaterial memuat karakteristik khusus dalam kaitannya dengan modal. Emansipasi dari relasi kapitalis dapat terjadi apabila pekerja imaterial, bersama dengan korban kapitalisme lainnya, bersatu sebagai jaringan jamak dan melakukan dua strategi perlawanan: penolakan kerja dan eksodus.

 

Kata-kata Kunci: Kerja imaterial, Autonomia, kapitalisme, jaringan jamak, penolakan kerja, eksodus.

 

Abstract: Contemporary capitalism is characterized by some macro structural transformations, along with the advancement of information and communication technologies. One of the most drastic transformations occurs in the nature of labor. As the main activity which drives the accumulation of capital, today’s labor world is marked by the hegemony of immaterial labor. This article presents thoughts and ideas of Autonomia, a contemporary “school of thought” originating from Italy which has a distinctive view on traits and characters of this “new” kind of labor. Autonomia thinkers argue that the hegemony of immaterial labor poses new challenges and opportunities within capitalist order. While immaterial laborers are prone to be exploited by capitalists, they also can liberate themselves from the capitalist oppression. It is because immaterial labor embodies special characteristics in its relation to capital. The emancipation from capitalist relations can happen if immaterial laborers, together with other capitalism’s victims, unite as a multitude and enforce two resistance strategies, namely, refusal of work and exodus.

 

Keywords: Immaterial labor, Autonomia, capitalism, multitude, refusal of work, exodus.
Hubungan Ekaristi Dengan Hidup Sehari-Hari Dalam Teologi Sakramental Karl Rahner
Authors: Martasudjita E. Pranawa Dhatu
Published: November 2020

Abstrak: Diskusi mengenai hubungan Ekaristi dengan hidup sehari- hari masih terus berlangsung hingga hari ini, baik di kalangan para teolog maupun umat beriman pada umumnya. Kiasan yang sering di gunakan di Indonesia untuk melukiskan hubungan tersebut adalah al tar dan pasar. Yang menjadi bahan diskusi ialah masih adanya pan- dangan dikotomis yang memisahkan keduanya. Tulisan ini ingin mem- beri sumbangan kepada diskusi tentang tema tersebut dari pemikiran teologis Karl Rahner (1904–1984). Rahner menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman tentang rahmat sebagai pemberian diri Allah yang senantiasa di- berikan dan dianugerahkan kepada umat manusia dan sejarahnya tidak memperkenankan pemisahan dikotomis semacam itu. Penulis mendekati permasalahan tersebut dengan pertama-tama menggali pemikiran sakramental Rahner, kemudian memperdalamnya dalam teologi Ekaristi. Dari alur pemikiran ini dibahas teologi Rahner yang senantiasa berciri pastoral, yaitu menghubungkan makna Ekaristi dengan kehidupan sehari- hari. Bagi Rahner, Ekaristi adalah sakramen sehari-hari. Dalam pengertian ini, kehidupan sehari-hari orang Kristiani mestinya merupakan perpanjangan dari hidup sehari-hari Kristus sendiri yang dirayakan dan diterima dalam Ekaristi.

 

Kata-kata Kunci: Ekaristi, hidup sehari-hari, teologi sakramental, altar dan pasar, sakramen sehari-hari.

 

Abstract: Theologians, as well as Christians in general continue dis- cussing more deeply correlation between Eucharistic celebration and one’s daily life. Yet, many are still employing a dichotomous approach between altar and marketplace. This article is intended to contribute to the discussion, especially by presenting important theological insights of Karl Rahner (1904-1984) who would not allow such a dichotomy. Rahner presents a creative theology of grace primarily as God’s Self-gift, continuously offered to every single human being throughout our his- tory. We will begin with the presentation of Rahner’s sacramental theology, followed by the theology of the Eucharist. Rahner’s theological thought, it is argued, remains pastoral in character, that relates meaning of the Eucharist to day-to-day Christian living and practices. For Rahner, the Eucharist is a sacrament of the everyday. In this sense, the Christian’s daily life should be the extension of the daily life of Christ celebrated and received in the Eucharist.

 

Keywords: Eucharist,dailylife,sacramentaltheology,altarandmarketplace, sacrament of the everyday.
Unified standards of judicial acts in criminal, arbitration, civil and administrative proceedings
Authors: Sharipova Aliya
Published: November 2020

It is alleged that the institution of judicial acts is universal for all judicial branches of rights. Defined standards that must comply with court decisions, rulings, decisions. The values of the properties of legality, validity, motivation, justice and correctness of court decisions are disclosed. Unreasonable differences are revealed in the legislative requirements for judicial and civil, administrative legal proceedings. Intersectoral borrowing is proposed for optimal legal regulation.
Extremist community as a form of group extremist activity: issues of theory and practice
Authors: Magnutov Yuriy
Published: November 2020

The article touches upon both the doctrinal and the legal and technical problems in determining the signs of the extremist community as a form of group extremist activity. The analysis of scientific approaches, as well as interpretative acts of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, which allowed to correlate the features of an organized group, a criminal and extremist community. The study showed that within the extremist community, taking into account the legislative wording and recommendations of the highest judicial authority, there is a mixture of signs of an organized group and a criminal community. In order to remove the identified intra-industry conflict, on the basis of the results obtained, changes to art. 2821 of the Criminal code, which provide a legitimate basis for recognizing an extremist community as a kind of criminal community.
Basic prerequisites for a new comprehensive theory of law
Authors: Chernyavsky Alexander
Published: November 2020

In this article, the author proves that only after a sociological study establishes the real nature of society, how ethical research gives the basic principle of moral activity, and the philosophy of law will show the legal expression of this principle, can we begin to build a policy that is only carrying out moral and legal goals in this public environment. Sociological data on the nature of society and philosophical statements on the foundations of morality constitute the necessary prerequisites for any really grounded theory of state and law, since only they can serve as a reliable foundation for the construction of theoretical jurisprudence.
Modern problems of management in internal affairs bodies and some directions of their solution
Authors: Markushin Anatoly , Morozov Oleg
Published: November 2020

This article discusses the issues of improving the management system in the internal Affairs bodies, taking into account the existing problems, as well as ways to modernize it.
Competitiveness of minors in the Russian Federation and the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States: comparative-legal research
Authors: Voronina Svetlana
Published: November 2020

The civil legislation of the Russian Federation and the CIS countries has many similarities, at the same time, there are certain discrepancies between the provisions of the civil codes on the negotiability of minors, the juxtaposition of which makes it possible to reveal the features of the civil capacity of minors distinguishing one legal system from all others. A comparative legal analysis of the experience of the CIS countries makes it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the deal ability of minors, the problems of law enforcement and formulate proposals for improving legislation.
Testimony of the suspect, the accused as a source of evidence in the implementation of criminal prosecution
Authors: Nikolaeva Tatyana
Published: November 2020

In the article the author considers the opinions of scientists on the question of the evidentiary value of the obtained testimony of the suspect accused during the preliminary investigation.