bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the Cut-Off Points of the Self-Rated Health Visual Analogue Scale for Patients with Depression in Greece
Authors: Zavras Dimitris
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Depressed individuals usually rate their health more poorly than non-depressed ones.
Aim: Because little is known regarding the correspondence between the scales used to measure self-rated health in patients with depression, the objective of this study is to determine the cut-off points of the Visual Analogue scale that indicate bad, moderate and good health for patients with depression.
Methods: For the purpose of this study, data from a Panhellenic cross-sectional survey were used. The survey was conducted in 2017 and used stratified random sampling. The study focused on 71 patients with depression. The respondents were asked to rate their health on a 5-point Likert scale and in a Visual Analogue scale. In order to determine the cut-off points of the Visual Analogue scale, an ordinal logistic model was applied. The dependent variable was the Likert scale and the independent variable was the Visual Analogue scale. In addition, a multinomial logistic model was applied and the 33.3rd and 66.6th percentiles of the Visual Analogue scale were calculated.
Results: According to the ordinal logistic regression model, the cut-off points of the Visual Analogue scale are 24 and 76. In addition, according to the multinomial logistic regression model, the cut-off points are 21 and 77. The cut-off points that correspond to the 33.3rd and 66.6th percentiles of the Visual Analogue scale are 50 and 70, respectively. Finally, the Gwet’s AC2s of the regression methods were found to be significantly higher than the percentiles’ method.
Conclusions: The results of this study confirm international bibliography in the sense that depression is positively related to poor perception of health. Because the cut-off point of poor health, which is based on the percentiles method, is relatively high, we argue that the percentiles method is inappropriate. This conclusion is also derived from the Gwet’s AC2s’ comparison.
A Study on the Performance and Influencing Factors of Student-Selective Curriculum: Focusing on the Case of an Autonomous Private High School
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Kim Do Hun , Yun So Jeong , Jang Eunji , Byun Kiyong
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of the student-selective curriculum and the influencing factors through a case study of an autonomous private high school that operates the curriculum, which is the basic principle of the high school credit system. To this end, this study interviewed school members and analyzed it using the Modified Grounded Theory Approach. The results of the study are as follows. The school offered various subjects for students to choose autonomously depending on their career paths and aptitudes, which improved their self-direction, learning motivation, and suitability for major resulting in excellent university admissions. The factors to make the achievements are a wide range of subject choices, a diploma system to inform course completion conditions, and the curriculum center to develop and operate the curriculum. In addition, school management based on a clear educational philosophy, collaborative school culture with the support of school corporation, and the college admission system consistent with the school curriculum contributed to the performance.
El Trasfondo político-religioso contra el Iconoclasmo en Juan Damasceno
Authors: Pinazo Pinazo Juan Manuel
Published: March 2023

Aunque la fama de Juan Damasceno (ca. 675-ca. 754) como teólogo y defensor de las imágenes sagradas es un hecho reconocido, su influencia en la controversia iconoclasta de los siglos VIII y IX es difícil de precisar. Las fuentes que pudieran aportar datos fiables sobre el autor y su obra son problemáticas, lo que dificulta la labor de contextualizar correctamente al monje de Damasco. En este artículo tenemos la intención de mostrar su oposición a la intromisión de la esfera del poder temporal en los asuntos eclesiásticos tal como se desprende de su apología de los iconos. Creemos que, si se analiza este episodio a la luz de la disputa de Máximo el Confesor un siglo antes contra la herejía monotelita, puede reflejar apropiadamente el trasfondo político-religioso y doctrinal de la contienda de las imágenes sagradas, que llevó al iconoclasmo institucionalizado a excomulgar a nuestro autor en cuestión y condenarlo a una damnatio memoriae.
Retratar espacios, pensar lugares
Authors: Arribas Ramos Lara
Published: March 2023

Para el estudio de narrativas al margen de una Historia del Arte de corte positivista, como es el caso de fenómeno monástico femenino medieval, la literatura especializada ha venido replanteando durante décadas una historiografía de los giros -como el espacial o el material-, que permitan trascender la secuencialidad lineal del discurso histórico tradicional en favor de una concepción hipertextual del discurso histórico. Al mismo tiempo, la progresiva especialización de herramientas tecnológicas ha irrumpido en el panorama académico como un medio alternativo para la gestión, transferencia e investigación de esas ruinas, vestigios y ecos del patrimonio conventual hispánico. Conforme a tales paradigmas, en este trabajo se busca plantear algunas ideas sobre la conciencia histórica del individuo contemporáneo de acuerdo con los parámetros de la hermenéutica filosófica y la historia cultural del arte, para el caso particular de trabajos de digitalización del patrimonio del ámbito del arte y la religiosidad femenina en el medievo peninsular. Este estudio de casos advierte una serie de asimilaciones, y también de digresiones, desarrolladas entre el patrimonio virtual y la historiografía actual de los giros; en respuesta -y alimentación- de la sociedad de la información desde la que los investigadores, como seres históricos, plantean los discursos sobre la Edad Media.
Importance of river sediments in soil fertility
Authors: Kaletova Tatiana , Arifjanov Aybek , Samiev Luqmon , Babajanov Farrukh
Published: March 2023

Article deals with a fractional and chemical composition of sediments from the sediment reservoir in Ilyash village, Ferghana region, Uzbekistan (Syr Darya river basin) and analyses their feasibility. As a key factor in the study of this process was considered the fractional and agrochemical composition of sediments moving with water in the sediment reservoir, and the change of their share in the water along the length of the reservoir. The main composition of the sediments in reservoir consists of fractions >0.25 and 0.25–0.01 mm, with the average fraction of 69% in the inlet and 60% in the outlet. The river sediments are rich in minerals important for the irrigated cropland. Based on the results we conclude that it is possible to regulate the number of chemical compounds in the water by controlling the exploitation regime of reservoir and the sedimentation process in it.
Plants take action to mitigate salt stress: Ask microbe for help, phytohormones, and genetic approaches
Authors: Hewedy Omar A. , Mahmoud Ghada Abd-Elmonsef , Elshafey Naglaa F. , Khamis Galal , Karkour Ali M. , Lateif Khalid S. Abdel , Amin Basma H. , Chiab Nour , El-Taher Ahmed M. , Elsheery Nabil I.
Published: March 2023

Global agriculture is a pivotal activity performed by various communities worldwide to produce essential human food needs. Plant productivity is limited by several factors, such as salinity, water scarcity, and heat stress. Salinity significantly causes short or long-term impacts on the plant photosynthesis mechanisms by reducing the photosynthetic rate of CO 2 assimilation and limiting the stomatal conductance. Moreover, disturbing the plant water status imbalance causes plant growth inhibition. Up-regulation of several plant phytohormones occurs in response to increasing soil salt concentration. In addition, there are different physiological and biochemical mechanisms of salt tolerance, including ion transport, uptake, homeostasis, synthesis of antioxidant enzymes, and osmoprotectants. Besides that, microorganisms proved their ability to increase plant tolerance, Bacillus spp. represents the dominant bacteria of the rhizosphere zone, characterised as harmless microbes with extraordinary abilities to synthesise many chemical compounds to support plants in confronting salinity stress. In addition, applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a promising method to decrease salinity-induced plant damage as it could enhance the growth rate relative to water content. In addition, there is a demand to search for new salt-tolerant crops with more yield and adaptation to unfavourable environmental conditions. The negative impact of salinity on plant growth and productivity, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and changes in plant phytohormones biosynthesis, including abscisic acid and salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, cytokinins, gibberellins, and brassinosteroids was discussed in this review. The mechanisms evolved to adapt and/or survive the plants, including ion homeostasis, antioxidants, and osmoprotectants biosynthesis, and the microbial mitigate salt stress. In addition, there are modern approaches to apply innovative methods to modify plants to tolerate salinity, especially in the essential crops producing probable yield with a notable result for further optimisation and investigations.
Soil erosion prediction and risk assessment using RUSLE model and GIS techniques in the Nangka watershed
Authors: Saadi Yusron , Mardiana Sus , Pradjoko Eko
Published: March 2023

Soil erosion in the Nangka watershed has always been a matter of concern. Over the last decade, soil erosion has led to continuous environmental problems. A thorough examination of the extent of the problem was required to identify an appropriate soil conservation strategy within the watershed. This study was conducted to observe erosion rates and map out the erosion hazard level. Erosion predictions were analysed by using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model with the help of ArcGIS software. RUSLE was selected because of its quantitative ability to estimate average annual soil erosion and its compatibility with the GIS interface. The potential hazard of soil erosion was classified and ranked into five class categories as set by the national authority. The results reveal that the Nangka watershed is prone to soil erosion with the annual average values ranging from 1.33 Mg·ha –1·y –1 to 2472.29 Mg·ha –1·y –1. High soil erosion rates of 9.8% are in severe (class IV) and very severe (class V) conditions, primarily in the upper course of the watershed. The low annual average of soil erosion (class I and class II), which accounted for 75.95% of the total erosion, mostly took place in the steepness below 35%. The remaining area of 14.25% within the watershed is in moderate condition (class III). It is expected that the results of this study will help the authority in the implementation of soil conservation measures.
The eco-hydraulics base as flood mitigation to overcome erosion and sedimentation problems: A case study in the Lae Kombih River, Indonesia
Authors: Ziana Ziana , Azmeri Azmeri , Yulianur Alfiansyah , Meilianda Ella
Published: March 2023

Erosion and sedimentation have a very big influence on flooding. Floods are strongly influenced by land use and population activities that change the river’s physical condition, including erosion and sedimentation. The river upstream was very steep, and the downstream was narrowing and meandering with high rainfall recorded. This study analyses erosion, sedimentation, and its handling using the eco-hydraulic base. The method involves input rainfall data, river hydraulics, land use, watershed area, and land cover. The analysis of hydrology, hydraulics, land use, flood discharge, and eco-hydraulic, inundation height, vegetation diameter, velocity reduced, and riverbank width measured in five bridges cross-sections along the river. The eco-hydraulic compares the width of existing riverbanks and design, high inundation, and the vegetation diameter to minimise flood discharge. Erosion in the right cliff is 22.73% and the left cliff is 37.04%, land erosion was 225.83 Mg∙ha –1∙year –1. The river’s bottom is formed by rocks of 0.18–1.30 mm. The plantation land used around the Lae Kombih River grows mainly an oil palm with a diameter of 0.5–0.7 m. The riverbank design on 100 m for vegetation diameter of 0.1–1.0 m can retain flood discharge for five years return period up to 72.3%, resulting in discharge of 112.04209.43 m 3∙s –1. The largest erosion and sedimentation on the river border is Dusun Silak, so it is recommended to plant Vetiveria zizanioides, Ipomoea carnea and Bambusoideae. An inundation height of 0.9 m can be recommended to design an embankment to be used as flood mitigation.
Soil properties and crop yields as influenced by the frequency of straw incorporation in rape-wheat-triticale rotation
Authors: Smagacz Janusz , Martyniuk Stefan
Published: March 2023

Straw, particularly cereal straw, is a valuable by-product of crop production, which can be used for various purposes, e.g. as livestock feed and bedding or for making fuels, however it should primarily be retained on farmland in order to prevent soil organic matter (SOM) losses and thus to maintain or improve soil quality. The aim of this study was to analyze effects of the frequency of crop residues (straw) incorporation into the soil on the content of soil organic matter and on crop yields. There were the following experimental treatments: SR – straw of all crop in the rotation removed, S1 – straw of one crop per rotation incorporated, S2 – straw of two crops in the rotation incorporated, and S3 – straw of three crops incorporated into the soil (loamy sand). After 21 years of crop rotation with straw removal (SR) the SOM level in the soil slightly decreased to 14.4 g∙kg –1 soil DM, compared to that in 1997 (14.6 g∙kg –1). However, when straw of one crop (rape) per rotation was incorporated (S1) the content of SOM increased to 15.0 g∙kg -1 soil DM, and to 15.6 and 16.0 g∙kg –1 in S2 and S3 treatments respectively. Straw retention had also a beneficial effect on the content of labile fractions of SOM (hot water extractable C and N). Grain yields and yield components of wheat and triticale, and seed yields of rape in the SR treatment were not significantly different from those obtained in S1, S2 and S3 treatments.
Quantification of solid particle transport in suspension in a stream: Case of Wadi Zeddine Ain-Defla, Algeria
Authors: Bouleknafet Zohir , Elahcene Omar
Published: March 2023

Arid and semi-arid areas are characterised by differentiation in meteorological conditions. Sometimes the rains are rare and not very intense and at other times they are dense and very intense, resulting in torrents that often lead to strong soil erosion. Most of the time, the losses occur at the solids level because the erosion effect is too high. In this study, we want to evaluate the transfer of solid sediments as a function of liquid transport in the basin of Wadi Zeddine at Ain Defla in Algeria. To understand this phenomenon, we used the data of liquid flows ( Ql, m 3∙s –1) and concentration of suspended sediments ( C, g∙dm –3), transported in the river, the data collected by the NWRA (National Water Resources Agency), over 24 years have been used to find a relationship between these two quantities, to estimate the quantity of solid transport Qs (kg∙s –1) in the watercourse of the catchment area studied. The results obtained show a good correlation between solid and liquid flows, with a correlation coefficient estimated at 90%, and the average annual sediment supply recorded at the outlet of the Wadi Zeddine watershed is estimated at around 88,048 Mg, which corresponds to 202 Mg∙km –2∙y –1/ erosion rate. This value is comparable to those found in other regions with similar hydrological regimes.
Optimisation of crop rotations: A case study for corn growing practices in forest-steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Romashchenko Mykhailo , Bohaienko Vsevolod , Shatkovskyi Andrij , Saidak Roman , Matiash Tetiana , Kovalchuk Volodymyr
Published: March 2023

The formation of optimal crop rotations is virtually unsolvable from the standpoint of the classical methodology of experimental research. Here, we deal with a mathematical model based on expert estimates of “predecessor-crop” pairs’ efficiency created for the conditions of irrigation in the forest-steppe of Ukraine. Solving the problem of incorporating uncertainty assessments into this model, we present new models of crop rotations’ economic efficiency taking into account irrigation, application of fertilisers, and the negative environmental effect of nitrogen fertilisers’ introduction into the soil. For the considered models we pose an optimisation problem and present an algorithm for its solution that combines a gradient method and a genetic algorithm. Using the proposed mathematical tools, for several possible scenarios of water, fertilisers, and purchase price variability, the efficiency of growing corn as a monoculture in Ukraine is simulated. The proposed models show a reduction of the profitability of such a practice when the purchase price of corn decreases below 0.81 EUR∙kg –1 and the price of irrigation water increases above 0.32 EUR∙m –3 and propose more flexible crop rotations. Mathematical tools developed in the paper can form a basis for the creation of decision support systems that recommend optimal crop rotation variations to farmers and help to achieve sustainable, profitable, and ecologically safe agricultural production. However, future works on the actualisation of the values of its parameters need to be performed to increase the accuracy.
The pollution of surface water in the agricultural catchment against the background of agrarian structure and production intensity
Authors: Lach Stanisław K. , Kowalczyk Agnieszka , Kopacz Marek T. , Kowalewski Zbigniew , Jakubiak Mateusz , Mazur Robert. , Grabowska-Polanowska Beata
Published: March 2023

The intensification of agricultural production is one of the factors determining economic development. Increasing mechanisation and use of fertilisers in agriculture lead to higher yields, but at the same time they can pose a threat to the environment. The overuse of chemical fertilisers contributes to increased concentration of nutrients in agricultural runoff. One of such areas is the Szreniawa River catchment, the study area located in the southern part of Poland. In this catchment, intensive mostly mechanical ploughing is applied in, for instance, vegetable production. The area has loess soils, which with intensive ploughing are susceptible to erosion. The study aims to determine changes in the quality of flowing waters against the background of agricultural production and land-use characteristics. Surface waters were classified as class II and occurred at all analysed points. The highest concentrations of N-NO3, N-NH4 and P-PO4 were found at a point in the middle of the catchment (lower part of research area). There, the lowest concentrations were recorded in 2018, which was related to the amount of precipitation during the growing season. On the other hand, the volume of plant and animal production closely correlated with the quality of surface water in the area. This was also confirmed by the land use structure. In conclusion, intensive agricultural production, mainly in terms of plough tillage causes significant hazards associated with soil erosion especially on agriculturally sensitive soils, although it provides good yields.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography in 11 dogs with orofacial tumors
Authors: Mortier Jeremy R. , Maddox Thomas W. , Blackwood Laura , La Fontaine Matthew D. , Busoni Valeria
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE

Treatment of orofacial tumors in dogs is associated with high morbidity and reliable prognostic factors are lacking. Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCECT) can be used to assess tumor perfusion. The objectives of this study were to describe the perfusion parameters of different types of orofacial tumors and to describe the changes in perfusion parameters during radiotherapy (RT) in a subset of them.

ANIMALS

11 dogs with orofacial tumors prospectively recruited.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND PROCEDURES

All dogs had baseline DCECT to assess blood volume (BV), blood flow (BF), and transit time (TT). Five dogs had repeat DCECT during megavoltage RT.

RESULTS

5 squamous cell carcinomas, 3 sarcomas, 1 melanoma, 1 histiocytic sarcoma, and 1 acanthomatous ameloblastoma were included. Blood volume and BF were higher in squamous cell carcinomas than in sarcomas, although no statistical analysis was performed. At repeat DCECT, 4 dogs showed a reduction in the size of their tumor during RT. Among these dogs, 3 showed an increase in BV and BF and 1 a decrease in these parameters between the baseline and the follow-up DCECT. The only dog whose tumor increased in size between the first and the second DCECT showed a decrease in BV and BF.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Perfusion parameters derived from DCECT were described in a series of dogs with various types of orofacial tumors. The results suggest that epithelial tumors could have higher BV and BF than mesenchymal tumors, although larger sample sizes are needed to support these preliminary findings.
A Rare Case of Primary Carcinosarcoma of the Breast
Authors: Kiakou Maria , Tolia Maria , Koufopoulos Nektarios , Tsapakidis Konstantinos , Arvanitou Eleni , Konstantinos Gkikas , Charalambakis Nikolaos , Nikolaou Michalis , Matthaios Dimitrios , Tsoukalas Nikolaos
Published: March 2023

Breast carcinosarcoma is a rare malignancy accounting for approximately 0.08–0.2% of all breast tumours. It is a type of metaplastic mammary carcinoma displaying biphasic differentiation with epithelial and mesenchymal cellular characteristics with probable derivation from myoepithelial cells.

A 65-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a two-month history of a rapidly growing mass in her left breast. Neither her medical nor family history was positive for malignancies. Subsequently, she underwent a fine needle aspiration, which was positive for adenocarcinoma, followed by a lumpectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. The histology revealed an undifferentiated neoplasm and the immunohistochemical cell staining was positive for pan-cytokeratin, SMA, Vimentin, and S-100, suggesting the diagnosis of breast carcinosarcoma with a triple-negative immunophenotype. There was no evidence of metastasis except for a positive lymph node, indicating a stage IIIA disease. Thus, she received adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. However, 16 months later, she presented with metastatic disease, and unfortunately, she died 4 months later due to a systemic infection.

Aggressive behavior, higher staging, chemoresistance, and higher proportion of triple negative breast cancer seem to be the main characteristics of breast carcinosarcoma, which is recognised as a separate entity from common invasive ductal carcinoma, with significantly worse clinical outcomes.
How (Un)Freedom is Being Developed: The Linguistic World of One Political Party in Slovakia Concerning Liberalism
Authors: Soóky Roman
Published: March 2023

In the globalised world connected via communication technologies and social media, this paper endeavours to understand how politicians succeed in influencing peopleʼs linguistic worlds through their public communication. The patterns in politiciansʼ precise verbal usage convey intended connotations and redefine how people naturally experience the expressions concerning their conceptual knowledge associated with words. The paper thus suggests adjusting the schema of lexical meaning based on the biology of cognition, which acknowledges the uniqueness and diversity of how people understand received expressions and convey various contents in communication.
Comparison of various diagnostic techniques for the detection of Blastocystis spp. and its molecular characterisation in farm animals in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: ElBakri Ali , Kanu Gayathri A. , Salahat Dana , Hussein Nabila , Ibrahim Zeinab , Hasan Hayder , AbuOdeh Raed
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Blastocystis spp. is a common anaerobic intestinal parasite infecting humans and a diverse range of animals. The aim of the study was to compare different diagnostic methods for the detection of Blastocystis and survey the occurrence of its subtypes in farm animals, namely sheep, cows and camels, in Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.

Material and Methods

Ninety-seven faecal samples comprised of 69 from sheep, 12 from cows and 16 from camels were submitted to DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing. Blastocystis was screened for microscopically in 65 samples using direct wet-mount, modified acid-fast staining, trichrome staining and in vitro culture techniques.

Results

Fifteen (15.5%) samples were positive by PCR, twelve of which were confirmed by sequencing. Using PCR as a comparison standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the direct wet-mount, modified acid-fast staining, trichrome staining and in vitro culture methods were 40.0% and 78.3%, 40.0% and 83.3%, 80.0% and 80.0%, and 80.0% and 76.7% respectively. Only culture and trichrome tests were significantly associated with PCR (odds ratio (OR) = 13.14; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35–127.4; P = 0.007 and OR = 16; 95% CI: 1.63–156.5; P = 0.003, respectively) with trichrome detecting more positive cases than in vitro culture. The subtype (ST)10 was the only one found in all 12 sequenced sheep isolates.

Conclusion

The study corroborated previous data indicating that sheep are the natural hosts for ST10. No zoonotic subtypes nor mixed-subtype colonisation were found. The report also confirmed the superiority of trichrome staining in detecting Blastocystis spp.
TECNOLOGIA ASSISTENCIAL MÓVEL PARA USUÁRIOS ACOMETIDOS POR SÍNDROMES GRIPAIS E COVID-19 ATENDIDOS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Da Rocha Pimentão Adriany , Ferreira Raiol Sousa Ianny , Mariany Rego Lopes Ueno Thalyta , Rejane Franz Sônia , Mara Caetano da Silva Laís
Published: March 2023

Introdução: As tecnologias em saúde são identificadas como um instrumento cujo objetivo é promover a saúde, e estão sendo inseridas intensamente no planejamento, organização, gestão e implementação do cuidado. Objetivo: identificar a tendência de produções brasileiras de teses e dissertações acerca das tecnologias assistenciais móveis utilizados na consulta de enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: revisão narrativa com base nas dissertações e teses defendidas nos diferentes programas de pós-graduação e disponibilizadas no banco de teses e dissertações do portal da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, realizada em agosto de 2021. Para a análise, os dados de caracterização foram organizados em planilha do software Excel® e analisados por estatística descritiva. Resultados e Discussão: foram selecionados 22 estudos, o maior número de produções são relacionadas ao atendimento às pessoas com diabetes 7 (31,8% estudos), não foi identificada nenhuma produção sobre as tecnologias assistenciais ou aplicativos móveis relacionados às SG, SRAG, ou Covid-19. Percebe-se, então um hiato em um assunto relevante. Para mais, as tecnologias otimizariam o processo do diagnóstico, monitoramento e tratamento, além de proporcionar um atendimento mais resolutivo e alinhados as necessidades dos pacientes.  Conclusão: Considerando a amplitude dos cenários diante das inovações tecnológicas que facilitam e auxiliam no cuidado de enfermagem, a maioria das produções tecnológicas identificadas estão relacionadas aos cuidados de pessoas com diabetes, e pouco tem se produzido quando se trata de tecnologias assistenciais móveis e consulta de enfermagem.
Gebelerin, cinsel yaşam ve cinselliğe karşı tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Güney Esra , Bal Zeynep
Published: March 2023

Evaluation of pregnant women’s attitudes towards sex life and sexuality OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the attitudes of pregnant women towards sexual life and sexuality. MATERIAL and METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted between 30 April and 30 May 2022. A total of 298 healthy pregnant women aged 18 years and older were included in the study. Personal Information Form and Attitude Scale toward Sexuality during Pregnancy (AStSdP) were used to collect data. RESULTS: In the study, 50.7% (n=151) of the pregnant women exhibited a positive attitude towards sexuality, and the total mean scores of the total and sub-dimensions of AStSdP were 112.36±14.21, 28.17±6.17, 38.13±6, respectively. .66 and 46.06±7.06. In addition, it was determined that the total mean score of AStSdP was higher in pregnant women who were ≤29 years old, had ≥ university-level education, had health insurance, had a good income, and had a marriage period of 1–5 years (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: During the preconceptional period and while giving prenatal care by health professionals, the issues that women misunderstood or misunderstood should be clearly stated, and education and counselling should be provided about sexuality. Keywords: sexuality, sexual attitude, pregnancy
Hidrosel ile ilgili youtube videoları hastalar için ne kadar kaliteli ve güvenilir?
Authors: Ekenci Berk Yasin , Sarı Hilmi
Published: March 2023

How quality and reliable are youtube videos about hydrocele for patients? OBJECTIVE: In this study, our aim is to evaluate the adequacy, quality and reliability of the Turkish video contents found on YouTube about hydrocele disease. MATERIAL and METHODS: In order to find videos about hydrocele disease, the term ‘Hydrocele’ was written in the Youtube search section on February 14, 2023. Videos in the last five years to make videos up to date were included in the study. The first 50 video content determined after the exclusion criteria was included in the study. The video quality included in the study data is described by ‘Global Quality Scale’ and video reliability is defined by modified ‘DISCERN’ scales. RESULTS: A total of 50 videos related to hydrocele on YouTube were analyzed. The total number of views included in the study was 384.290. In 48 (96%) of 50 videos, he was a doctor who had information or surgery on hydrocele disease. The average ‘Global Quality Scale’ of the videos prepared for hydrocele disease was measured as 2.3±1.06 points. For patients, very useful, full and clear information, ‘Global Quality Scale’ score of five videos could not be detected (0%). The average score of the modified DISCERN scale was 2.06±0.95. Since no video is based on the sources and did not propose additional sources of information for patients, the modified DISCERN scale score was not found (0%). CONCLUSION: Health information about health is increasing day by day. In today’s age, patient information requests can be met instantly via the Internet. Doctors and related associations should be aware of this situation in order not to be misinformed and misleaded by patients. For this reason, it is important to take the right steps in order to direct patients to the right resources via the internet. Keywords: internet use, scrotal hydrocele, YouTube
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF SEVERE COMBINED CRANIOCEREBRAL INJURY AND FAT EMBOLISM SYNDROME
Authors:   Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Military Field Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, RAZZOKOV A.A. , NAZAROV M.K ,   Tursunzade Central Regional Hospital, Tursunzade, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To improve the differential diagnosis of severe combined craniocerebral injury (SCCI) and the fat embolism syndrome (FES) Methods: The analysis of data on 338 patients with SCCI was carried out. There were 236 men (69.8%), women – 102 (30.2%) at the age of 18 to 68 years. Eligible patients were the presence of a concomitant injury with symptoms of traumatic shock and a violation of consciousness. In the control group (42.6%) performed the traditional tactics of diagnostics. In the main group (57.4%), in preventive diagnostic algorithm mode consisted of the identification of the fat globulemia (FG) according to Kornilov, a purposeful diagnosis of SFE, and an assessment of the severity of the craniocerebral components of the considered injury using computed tomography Results: In the control group, FES was set only 12 (8.3%) cases, which have been fatal. Total deaths in the control group took place in 58 (40.3%) observations. In the main group among SCCI FES was established in 33 (17.0%) patients; CCI in 99 (51.0%) and FES + CCI in 62 (32.0%) patients. Various manifestations of FES were revealed in 95 (49.0%) patients, which were presented classical – 15 (7.7%), clinical – 29 (15.0%) and subclinical forms – 51 (26.3%). Based on the results of the work, a scale was proposed for the differential diagnosis of FES and CCI, the efficiency of which was 97.4%. Conclusion: Optimization of SCCI treatment, with regard to the identification of FG, diagnosis of various forms of FES and computer tomography data, allowed to reduce the lethality by 13.5% compared to traditional approaches (26.8% and 40.3%, respectively). With a differentiated analysis in the main group, the specific gravity of lethality among patients with FES was 12.1%, with CCI – 23.2% and with CCI + FES – 40.3%. Keywords: Сombined injury, craniocerebral injury, fat globulemia, fat embolism syndrome, differential diagnosis, lethality.
POSSIBILITIES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PANCREATITIS OF THE HEAVY DEGREE IN CONDITIONS OF SPECIALIZED DEPARTMENT OF REGIONAL CLINICAL HOSPITAL
Authors:   The State Health Institution «Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital № 1», Ekaterinburg, Russia, GALIMZYANOV F.V. , GAFUROV B.B. ,   Department of Surgical Diseases FAT and PP of FSBEI HE «Ural State Medical University», Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: March 2023

Objective: To analyze the results of treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis of the heavy degree (APHD) in the conditions of a specialized department of the regional clinical hospital. Methods: The results of diagnostics and treatment of 1230 patients of APHD in the Department of Purulent Surgery (DPS) are presented. In accordance with the routing of patients, the APHD was provided, the first phase of the disease in the intensive care units of inter-district centers was financed and methodically provided. After arresting the phenomena of pancreatogenic shock and the appearance of infections, the patients were transferred to the Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital № 1. Results: Infected peripancreatic infiltrates occurred in 173 patients. In 23 patients, an attempt of draining way was through the surgical separation of the infiltrate. Mortality rate was 52.2%. One hundred thirty nine patients were treated only conservatively, lethality was 5.8%. Pancreatogenic abscesses occurred in 221 patients, they were given navigational punctures with the aspiration of the contents, puncture drainage and drainage from the mini-accesses. Unopened variants of pancreatogenic septic sequestration of retroperitoneal tissue were detected in 836 patients. These patients were operated without using wide incisions. Mortality in this group was 24.5%. Patients of APHD in the phase of unlimited septic sequestration are given pre-treatment for the terminal drainage, which is possible at the place of occurrence of the case. The primary operation was performed in the zone of the greatest change in the retroperitoneal space, in most cases through the omentobursostomy. The remaining foci of unlimited septic sequestration were drained after stabilization of the state in the conditions of a specialized department. Conclusion: Regional routing of patients with APHD made it possible to effectively use the capabilities of surgical hospitals of different levels when providing assistance to patients with APHD. Patients with acute pancreatitis of the heavy degree in the phase of unlimited septic sequestration should be given a gradual drainage, which is possible in the place of occurrence of the case. The primary operation can be performed in the zone of the greatest changes in the retroperitoneal space (in most cases) through the omentobursostomy at the stage of surgical care. The remaining foci of unlimited septic sequestration can be drained after stabilization of the condition in the conditions of a specialized department. Keywords: Acute pancreatitis of the heavy degree, routing, diagnostics, FGD, ultrasound, CT, stage drainage.
THE STATE OF MICROCIRCULATION AND TYPES OF HEMODYNAMIC DISORDERS IN CHILDREN WITH VEGETATIVE DYSTONY SYNDROME
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Cardiology of the Faculty of Advanced Training of Medical Workers, the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia», Moscow, Russia, SHCHERBAKOVA M.YU. , ARTYKOVA T.K. ,   Department of Pediatric Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, ISMOILOV K.I. ,   Department of Pediatric Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the state of microcirculation and to reveal the peculiarities of hemodynamics in children with dystonia syndrome in different age periods. Methods: 165 children aged 5 to 15 years with a syndrome of vegetative dystonia were examined, among them 79 children with the vagotonic type of the initial vegetative tonus (IVT); 35 – with the sympathetic-tonic type of IVT; 51 – with a mixed type of IVT. The state of the microcirculation was evaluated by the method of laser doppler flowmetry. Results: The most pronounced changes in the parameters of microcirculation were found in children with the vagotonic type of vegetative dystonia. Early violations of hemodynamics, manifested hyperemic type, were detected in 37.6%, and the most severe, stagnant-stasis type – in 49.1% of cases. It is proved that the number of children with congestive-stasis type of microcirculation increased from 7.3% of cases at the youngest age to 27.3% in the older age group. Conclusion: Infringements of microcirculation take place at children irrespective of type IVT. With increasing age of children with the syndrome of vegetative dystonia, the frequency of pathological types of hemodynamics increases. Keywords: Vegetative dystonia syndrome, microcirculation, hemodynamics, parasympathetic type, sympathetic type
DEVELOPMENT OF RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF EXOGENOUS ALLERGIC ALVEOLITIS IN THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, MUSTAFAKULOVA N.I. , SULTANOV A.I. ,   Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, ABDULLAEVA D.YU. ,   Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the development of risk factors and specific features of clinical manifestations of exogenous allergic alveolitis (EAA) in the population of the Republic of Tajikistan. Methods: 100 patients with EAA aged from 17 to 67 years were examined. All patients are divided into 3 groups: I group (n = 35) with acute, II group (n = 30) with sub-acute and III group (n = 35) with the chronic course of the disease. Results: Most of the patients with EAA admitted to the hospital in the summer and autumn, and a smaller – in the spring and winter. EAA reasons were: Mycoplasma pneumonia, hay, cotton and grain dust. There were pneumonia-like, asthmoid and fibrosing variants of EAA. Conclusion: The clinical picture of EAA varied depending on the cause, variant and seasonality. Differences were observed in the expression of X-ray data. Keywords: Exogenous allergic alveolitis, «matte glass», «honeycomb lung», bronchoalveolar lavage.
PERIARTERIAL DIGITAL SYMPATHECTOMY IN THE TREATMENT OF RAYNAUND’S PHENOMENON
Authors:   The Sogd Regional Center of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Khujand, Tajikistan, PULATOV O.N. , RAKHMATULLAEV R. ,   Medical and Sanitary Department of the State Unitary Enterprise «Tajik Aluminum Company», Tursunzade, Tajikistan, ABDUVOKHIDOV B.U. ,   Medical Complex «Istiqlol», Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To analyze the results of the first experience of performing periarterial digital sympathectomy in Raynaud’s phenomenon. Methods: The results of periarterial digital sympathectomy were studied in 10 patients with the Raynaud’s phenomenon. All patients were females aged 22 to 28 years. Diagnosis of the pathology was based both on the clinical manifestations of the Raynaud’s phenomenon, and on the results of stress tests and instrumental research methods (duplex scan, rheovasography, and percutaneous oxygen tension). All patients underwent a one-sided periarterial sympathectomy of the fingers, 4 on the left and 6 on the right. In the perioperative period were determined the rate of blood flow through the palmar digital arteries, rheographic index and oxygen saturation in the tissues. Results: In all cases, the presence of chronic ischemia of the hand, manifested by periodic vasospasm and vasoconstriction, cyanotic fingers and a decrease in their sensitivity was revealed. According to the data of duplex scan, there was a decrease in the linear velocity of blood flow (9.7±1.8 cm/s in the digital arteries, 10.4±2.1 cm/s in the palmar arch), the tension of oxygen in the fingers (58.5±7.5) and brushes (65.5±9.5) and a decrease in the rheographic index (0.4±0.3). In all cases, periarterial sympathectomy was performed according to Leriche’s method. In the perioperative period, there were no complications. The duration of the operation was 85.5±10.5 minutes, hospitalization 5.5±0.5 days. In the immediate postoperative period, a good hemodynamic effect was observed in the form of leveling the clinical signs of the disease, increasing the linear velocity of blood flow both in the digital arteries (up to 15.8±2.1 cm/s) and in the palmar arch (21.2±2,5 cm/s) with improved perfusion of the tissues of the hand and fingers and an increase in the rheographic index to 0.75±0.5. Conclusion: Periarterial digital sympathectomy effectively reduces ischemia of the hand and fingers in the Raynaud’s phenomenon Keywords: Raynaud’s phenomenon, sympathectomy, ischemia, results.
POSSIBILITIES OF ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTICS IN DETERMINING VARICOSE DISEASE OF SMALL PELVIS
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, KURBONOVA N.N. , SULTANOV D.D. ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, UMAROVA Z.Z. ,   Diagnostic Center «Private Medical Center», Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the diagnostic capabilities of duplex scanning of veins of the small pelvis with their varicose dilatation. Methods: A study performed on 142 patients (19-45 years old) who applied to the Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery and the «Private Medical Center». At the same time, varicose veins of the small pelvis detected in 89 patients Results: Ultrasound examination with the complex application of both transabdominal and transvaginal sensors allowed to reduce the frequency of diagnostic errors as much as possible. The data coincided with recent posts research results, the authors of which have revealed the presence of pathological reflux with a diameter of veins less than 5 mm, while other authors imply the presence of varicose veins with a vein diameter of 5 mm or more. The linear velocity of blood flow against the background of pathological reflux was 9-18 cm/sec, an average of 12±3.6 cm/sec. A direct relationship established between the severity of the pain syndrome and the degree of vein dilatation. Conclusion: The ultrasound angioscanning technique proved to be effective in screening patients for the diagnosis of pelvic vein diseases. The technique of transabdominal ultrasound examination is most justified in patients with the asthenic bodybuild and low degree of expressed subcutaneous fat fibre. The results of duplex scan allows determining the degree of varicose veins of the small pelvis and further treatment tactics. Keywords: Varicose veins of the small pelvis, duplex scan.
INFECTIONS TRANSFER FACTORS WITH THE SPREAD OF INTESTINAL DISEASES IN VARIOUS REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Epidemiology, Avicenna Tajik State University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, RAFIEV H.K. , IBODOV S.T. ,   Department of Anatomy, Avicenna Tajik State University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, TALABOV M.S. ,   Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Tajik National University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, USMANOVA G.M. ,   Department of Epidemiology, Avicenna Tajik State University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, ALI-ZADE S.G. ,   Department of Science and Innovations, Avicenna Tajik State University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, LUKYANOV N.B. ,   Scientific Research Institute for Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation of the Disabled People, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: The study of the waterway transmission as dominant, with the spread of intestinal infections. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the journals for the registration of infectious diseases, maps of epidemiological checkups of typhoid foci, dysentery, diarrheal diseases, infectious hepatitis A (HAV) for 1980-2015, as well as reports of the Republican and regional CSSES (Center for State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance) on infectious diseases were carried out. Results: The dominance of the water factor under conditions of the specific weight of Flexner shigellosis during the period of under study ranged between 75-85%. Compared with typhoid fever and bacterial dysentery, the incidence of diarrhoea in the country during the analyzed period remains at a high enough level – from 629.0 to 1206.3, and in 2015, it rose sharply and reached 2150 per 100 thousand. The indicators for the Regions of Republican Subordination, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region and Khatlon Region varied the broad mass of the population. The performed complex of sanitary-epidemiological evaluation paths and transmission factors identified the dominant value of an aqueous (90%) and a minor role contact-domestic (6.2%) and food (3.8%) of acute intestinal infections transmission routes among the population. Conclusion: Typhoid fever, acute intestinal infections, dysentery, hepatitis A in the Republic of Tajikistan are a typical aquatic infection associated with the constant activity of the waterway transmission, which often causes large epidemic outbreaks. Keywords: Diarrheal diseases, intestinal infections, the source of drinking water-supply.
THE ROLE OF PSYCHOVEGETATIVE DYSFUNCTIONS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE PRURIGO
Authors:   Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, MUKHAMADIEVA K.M. , ISMATULLOEVA S.S. ,   Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, MUHIDDIN ABDURUB AL-MAAMARI AHMED ,   Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

The article presents an analysis of the current and most significant publications devoted to the study of the role of psychovegetative disorders in the pathogenesis of prurigo. Based on generalized literature data, the authors focus on the relationship between prurigo and disorders of the nervous system. It is noted, that the starting mechanism of complex changes in the central nervous system can be a variety of external irritants such as negative emotions and mental trauma. Keywords: Pruritus, itching dermatosis, vegetative nervous system, psychoemotional state.