bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Distribution of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nurses in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Kgakge Kagiso , Hlongwa Mbuzeleni , Ginindza Themba
Published: February 2021

BackgroundAlthough measures have been put in place, musculoskeletal injuries are noticeable high among the nursing fraternity with Low back pain (LBP) being the most prevalent. It is evident that healthcare professionals are in constant exposure to occupational hazards such as musculoskeletal injuries as they discharge their professional duties. Not only does LBP affect the health of the nurses, it also creates a huge burden on the health systems with consequent poor performance at the workplace as well as economic burden. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to map evidence on the prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors and economic costs of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in sub Saharan Africa (SSA).Methods and analysisScoping review will be done to explore, describe and map literature on the prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors, and economic costs related to MSD among nurses in SSA. The search will be done using databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, nursing academic editions and World Health Organization (WHO) library databases. The search will look for primary studies within peer-reviewed articles as well as gray literature. In addition, the researcher will search the articles using keywords from the included studies as well as the list of references for related studies. The screening will be guided by the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the scoping review will be reported in accordance to PRISMA-P guidelines. The NVivo 12 data analysis software will be used to generate themes, and a thematic content analysis will be used to give the narrative account of the review.DiscussionAt the end, this study anticipates to uncover the relevant literature in SSA in regard to prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors and costs related to MSD among nurses; furthermore findings from this study will help in identifying research gaps, informing policy, priority in funding and planning and to guide future research.
Seizure Detection and Tracking Through Portable Technologies: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Beauchamp-Chalifour Elisabeth , Gagnon Marie-Pierre , Fortin Tamara Herrera , Assi Elie Bou , Nguyen Dang Khoa
Published: February 2021

BackgroundEpilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized by recurrent seizures due to excessive neuronal discharges and abnormal neuronal discharges. 30-40% of them are pharmaco-resistant, which is associated with cognitive impairment. seizure-related injuries and a higher risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The only way to minimize the risk of SUDEP is having a control of seizures. However, epileptics living or get a seizure alone can’t report the exact information to their physicians. Then, the level of gravity of their disease is inexact. Currently, the only way to identify a seizure is by electroencephalography (EEG), used by healthcare resources. It requires medical staff for its installation and interpretation. Nonetheless, a lot of new technologies developed for recording seizures at home have been developed. These one hasn’t optimally included epileptics and only a few went to a clinical trial; thus, scientific evidence is limited regarding their effectiveness. MethodsThe methodological approach is based in the Cochrane handbook for conducting systematic review. All studies in any languages about the technologies detecting seizures will be compared for any type of epilepsy and for any outcome measured. Two reviewers will independently screen the results for MEDLINE [PubMed, 1951-June 2019], EMBASE [OVID, 1947-June 2019], the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trails (CENTRAL) [up to June 2019] and grey literature [up to June 2019]. Extracted data will be recorded, categorized and summarized.DiscussionThe expected results would be the too short time of the trials and many positive false to get a conclusion of the effectiveness of the technologies studied. This systematic review is needed in order to improve knowledge of the effectiveness of technologies for detecting seizures and use this information for the development of a personalized tool for detecting seizures on the basis of the best available scientific evidence.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020129787.
Genomic analysis reveals independent evolution of Plasmodium falciparum populations in Ethiopia
Authors: Beyene Deriba Abera , Kibet Caleb Kipkurui , Degefa Teshome , Amenga-Etego Lucas , Bargul Joel L , Golassa Lemu
Published: February 2021

Background: Plasmodium falciparumparasite populations in Ethiopia have been experiencing local selective pressures from drugs and immunity, leading to evolutionary adaptation. However, there wasthe paucity of data on the genomic characterization and the evolutionary adaptations of P. falciparum isolates from the central area of Ethiopia. Method: Whole-genome analysis of 25 P. falciparum isolates from central Ethiopia, specifically from West Arsi, were studied to determine theirgenetic diversity, population structures, and signatures of selection in known drug resistance alleles against global isolates from Cambodia, Thailand, DR Congo, and Malawi.Result: A total of 18,517high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identifiedin Ethiopian P. falciparum isolates.About 84% of the Ethiopian P. falciparum isolates hadan FWS value >0.95showing a dominant single genotype infection in most isolates at the time of collection with little potential for out-crossing as expected in areaswith low transmission intensity. Within host diversity of Ethiopian infectionswas significantly differentfrom East African (p < 0.001) but not Southeast Asian infections (P >0.05). We observed significant population structureby PCA andpopulation differentiation between Ethiopian parasitesand East Africa (Fst~ 10%) and Southeast Asia populations (Fst ~18%), suggesting limited gene flow and the independent evolution of the Ethiopian parasite population. Moreover, we found a total of 125 genes under balancing selection that includedama1, trap, eba175, and lsa3previously identified as targets of human host immunity. Recent directional selection analysis using integrated standardized haplotype score (IHS) did not detect any selection signatures in the Pfcrt,Pfdhfr,Pfdhps, Pfmdr1, and PfK13 genes. However, known drug resistance-conferring mutations analysis showed that at least one SNP marker was fixed in these genes, but not in Pfdhps and PfK13.Conclusion: Plasmodium falciparumpopulation in the central region of Ethiopia wasstructurally diverged from both Southeast Asian and other East African populations. Malaria infections in Ethiopia had low within-host diversity, and parasites carryfixed chloroquine resistance markers despite the withdrawal of this drug for the treatment of P. falciparum.
A participatory approach to address within-country cross-border Malaria: the case of Menoreh Hills in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ahmad Riris Andono Andono , Ferdiana Astri , Surendra Henry , Sy Tyrone Reden , Herbianto Deni , Rahayujati Theodola Baning , Rej Dwi Sarwani Sri , Murhandarwati E. Elsa Herdiana
Published: February 2021

Background Malaria remains Indonesia's significant public health issue. Most of the endemic areas are in the eastern parts of Indonesia. However, there are a few remaining foci of persistent endemic malaria in Java, particularly in Menoreh Hill, a region bordering three districts of two provinces on this island. Despite a commitment to build a partnership to eliminate cross-border malaria, there is a lack of understanding of how this partnership might be translated into an implementable strategic plan. The study aims to provide evidence of how a participatory approach was used to strengthen the cross-border collaboration and stakeholders' capacity to develop a joint strategic, operational, and costing plan for cross-border malaria elimination. Methods We performed participatory action research from January to August 2017, involving participants from the village, district, provincial, and national levels. This study was conducted in seven phases, including document review, focus group discussions (FGDs), planning and costing workshops, and a dissemination meeting. A total of 44 participants from primary health centers (PHC) and 27 representatives of affected villages in three districts, 16 participants from the district and provincial malaria programs and planning bureaus, and 11 participants from the national level were involved in the processes. Data on priority issues, costing, program coverage, and administration were collected. We use thematic coding and feedback for analysis. Results Problems identified by stakeholders included low community awareness and participation in malaria prevention, high mobility across three districts, lack of financial and human resources, lack of inter-district coordination, and poor implementation of migration surveillance. Cross-border strategies identified to address malaria were improving cross-border migration surveillance, strengthening the network, governance, and advocacy of malaria control implementation across borders, and developing the malaria information system. A working group composed of the three districts' representatives authorized to decide on cross-border issues will be created. Conclusion The participatory approach was applicable in cross-border malaria planning for within-country settings and useful in enhancing stakeholders' capacities as implementers. While done in a participatory way, the joint plan crafted was a non-binding agreement; stakeholders should advocate to ensure adequate funds are poured into mobilizing the program.
Editorial
Authors: Marci-Boehncke Gudrun , Rath Matthias
Published: February 2021

Editorial zur Ausgabe 11 / 2008: Themenschwerpunkt: Medienbildung in der frühen Kindheit
Frühe Bildung zwischen Medienkontakt und Medienkonflikt
Authors: Röbe Edeltraud
Published: February 2021

Ausgabe 11 / 2008: Themenschwerpunkt: Medienbildung in der frühen Kindheit
Medienerziehung in der KiTa
Authors: Marci-Boehncke Gudrun
Published: February 2021

Ausgabe 11 / 2008: Themenschwerpunkt: Medienbildung in der frühen Kindheit
Medienbildung in der frühen Kindheit – die Bildungsaufgabe „Kind und Welt“
Authors: Fischer Hans-Joachim
Published: February 2021

Ausgabe 11 / 2008Themenschwerpunkt: Medienbildung in der frühen Kindheit
Das Entwicklungsprojekt „Digitales Lernen in der Grundschule“ – Rahmenkonzept und erste Projekterfahrungen.
Authors: Niesyto Horst
Published: February 2021

Die Förderung von Medienbildung an Grundschulen erhielt in den letzten Jahren mehr Aufmerksamkeit. Gerade an Grundschulen mit einem hohen Anteil an Kindern aus Migrationskontexten ist es eine besondere Herausforderung, Formen einer handlungsorientierten und inklusiven Medienbildung zu entwickeln. Hierfür ist es notwendig, bereits in der ersten Phase der Lehrerbildung eine Grundbildung Medien im Seminarangebot für Studierende fest zu verankern. Der folgende Beitrag informiert über ein aktuelles Entwicklungs- und Forschungsprojekt, welches an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Ludwigsburg im Rahmen des Programms „Digitales Lernen Grundschule“ der Deutschen Telekom Stiftung von 2016-2018 stattfindet. Der Beitrag beginnt mit einem Blick zurück auf bisherige Aktivitäten im Primarstufenbereich an der Hochschule (Teil 1) und stellt danach die Ausgangsüberlegungen (Teil 2), die einzelnen Teilprojekte (Teil 3), die teilprojektübergreifenden Projektziele (Teil 4), die Projektstruktur (Teil 5) und die Schwerpunkte der Projektevaluation (Teil 6) vor. Der abschließende Teil 7 gibt eine erste Einschätzung zu den bisherigen Projekterfahrungen und fokussiert dabei auf Aktivitäten bei Schüler*innen und Studierenden.
Lernsettings der schulischen Medienpraxis – Selbststeuerung und Lenkung als Einflussfaktoren auf die Medienproduktionen von Schülerinnen und Schülern der Primarstufe.
Authors: Boelmann Jan M. , König Lisa , Rymeš Robert
Published: February 2021

Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrags wird der Einfluss selbstgesteuerter sowie gelenkter Lernprozesse auf die Medienproduktionen von Schülerinnen und Schülern untersucht. Die im Rahmen von verschiedenen Durchführungskonzeptionen entstandenen Foto-Storys und Filmtrailer werden vor dem Hintergrund der jeweiligen Lernsettinggestaltung analysiert. Die qualitativen und quantitativen Ergebnisse befördern die Hypothese, dass die Kombination von Selbststeuerung und kreativ-intuitiven Lernsettings das Erreichen medialer und literarischer curricularer Lernziele unterstützt.
Trickfilmproduktionen von Schülerinnen und Schülern der Primarstufe im Fokus von Musik- und Medienpädagogik.
Authors: Imort Peter , Trüby Daniel
Published: February 2021

Im Zentrum des Beitragsstehen erste Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse aus dem Teilprojekt 3 des Entwicklungsprojekts dileg-SL für die audiovisuelle Gestaltung mit digitalen Medien im Grundschulalter. Dabei geht es nicht allein um die Entwicklung von medientechnischer Kompetenzbei Schüler*innen, denn die alleinige Fokussierung auf die Funktionsweise digitaler audiovisueller Medien ist weder aus medien-noch aus musikpädagogischer Perspektive zielführend. Demgegenüber werden kindliche mediale Nutzungs- und Aneignungsprozesse aushandlungs- und subjektorientierter Perspektive als aktiver, produktiver, sozialer und nicht zuletzt ästhetischer Prozess verstanden. Das Entwicklungs-projekt korrespondiert mit Elementen des Ludwigsburger Profils Grundbildung Medien und wurde gemeinsam mit Studierenden der Musik- und Medienpädagogik für die Grundschule entwickelt und erprobt.
Natur und Kultur ‚erspielen’ – Geogames gestalten mit Schülerinnen und Schülern im Sachunterricht (Projekt „Na KueG!“).
Authors: Schaal Steffen , Baisch Petra
Published: February 2021

Smartphones & Co sind Teil der kindlichen Lebenswelt und bieten Potential, um Kinder bei der Erschließung ihrer Erlebnis- und Erfahrungswelt zu unterstützen. Auch angehende Lehrkräfte nutzen in ihrer Freizeit mobile Endgeräte, diese aber auch als digitale Werkzeuge für die Gestaltung von Lehr/Lernprozessen einzusetzen ist noch ungewohnt und erfordert didaktische und technische Kompetenz. Im Rahmen des Ludwigsburger Projekts „Digitales Lernen Grundschule –Dileg-SL“ soll im Teilprojekt ‚Na KueG!’soll der Frage nachgegangen werden, inwiefern die Erstellung und das Spielen eines Geogames für die Erkundung eines Lernortes im naturwissenschaftlichen Sachunterricht nutzbar gemacht werden können. Dabei sind zunächst die Studierenden, dann aber auch die Lernenden sowohl spielende als auch konstruierende Akteure im Sinne des ‚Experiental Learning Cycle’ von Kolb. Vorliegender Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in die Bedeutung und Gestaltung von Geogames und beschreibt die Planung und Durchführung der Pilotierung des ‚Na KueG!-Projektes’. Dabei werden erste Erfahrungen und Erkenntnisse auf Seiten der Studierenden und auf der Ebene der Schüler*innen diskutiert und abschließend im Hinblick auf die Weiterentwicklung des Ansatzes reflektiert.
Unterricht in der Grundschule videogestützt analysieren – Einblicke in die Evaluationsseminare im dileg-Projekt.
Authors: Pohlmann-Rother Sanna , Kürzinger Anja
Published: February 2021

Der Beitrag fokussiert auf das Potenzial videobasierter Lehr-Lernkonzepte für die medien- und grundschulpädagogische und -didaktische Ausbildung von Lehrpersonen im Studium. Neben der Zielsetzung und theoretischen Verortung des Evaluationskonzepts wird die Anlage und konkrete Durchführung der Lehrveranstaltungen erläutert, in denen die Studierenden videografierten Unterricht systematisch beobachten, analysieren und evaluieren. Diese Evaluationsseminare werden an-schließend in ihrer Bedeutung für die Professionalisierung der Studierenden beleuchtet. Zudem wird aufgezeigt, inwieweit das Evaluationskonzept einen Beitrag zur medienpädagogischen Praxisforschung leistet.
Schule im Film – Film in der Hochschule.
Authors: Holzwarth Peter , Meienberg Martina
Published: February 2021

Der folgende Beitrag zeigt anhand der Filmbeispiele Freedom Writers und Heidi, wie Aspekte der beiden Themenkomplexe Heterogenität und literarisches Lernen für die Ausbildung von Lehrpersonen veranschaulicht bzw. vermittelt werden können.
Interdisziplinär – interkulturell – intermedial. Der film- und theaterpädagogische Sprachförderansatz in der Lehre der PH Ludwigsburg.
Authors: Holdorf Katja , Maurer Björn
Published: February 2021

Gegenstand dieses Artikels ist ein projektbezogenes und interdisziplinäres Lehrformat an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Ludwigsburg. Studierende verschiedener pädagogischer Studiengänge planen (seit 2017 gemeinsam mit Lehramtsstudierenden aus Rumänien und Serbien) ein 12tägiges Sprach-fördercamp für Jugendliche aus Südosteuropa, die in der Schule Deutsch als Fremdsprache lernen und ihre mündlichen Sprachfertigkeiten weiterentwickeln wollen. Das Projekt stützt sich konzeptionell auf den film- und theaterpädagogischen Sprachförderansatz (vgl. Holdorf / Maurer 2017). Ziel ist es, mit film- und schauspielpädagogischen Methoden eine authentische Lernumgebung zu schaffen, in dem die Teilnehmenden für die mündliche Sprachproduktion motiviert werden. Das Lehrangebot richtet sich an Studierende, die in mindestens einem der Bereiche Sprache, Film und Theater über Vorkenntnisse verfügen. Seit sechs Jahren wird das Lehrangebot regelmäßig an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Ludwigsburg ausgebracht. Obwohl die Teilnahme einen vergleichsweise hohen Aufwand bedeutet, engagieren sich Jahr für Jahr 12-15 Studierende im Projekt. In diesem Artikel werden die Besonderheiten des Seminarkonzepts hinsichtlich Zielhorizont, Struktur und Inhalt dargestellt und konzeptionell eingeordnet.
Frühe Medienbildung mit Digital Storytelling. Anforderungen an die Professionalisierung pädagogischer Fachkräfte.
Authors: Schlemmer Daniela
Published: February 2021

Der Einsatz digitaler Medien findet in der frühkindlichen Bildung nach wie vor selten statt. Unter anderem liegt dies an der fehlenden medienpädagogischen Qualifikation der pädagogischen Fachkräfte sowie an einem Mangel an wissenschaftlich fundierten pädagogischen Ansätzen für die frühkindliche Praxis. Im Rahmen des EU-Projekts STORIES wurde Digital Storytelling als pädagogischer Ansatz in der frühkindlichen Bildung erprobt: Kinder erzählten Geschichten mithilfe digitaler Medien. Damit sich jedoch das medienpädagogische Potential von Digital Storytelling entfalten kann, bedarf es medienpädagogischer Kompetenz auf Seiten der pädagogischen Fachkräfte. Um welche Kompetenzen es sich konkret handelt und wie diese Kompetenzen gefördert werden können, wird in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt.
BioDiv2Go – Biodiversität erleben mit ortsbezogenen Spielen.
Authors: Lude Armin
Published: February 2021

Die biologische Vielfalt (Biodiversität) vor der eigenen Haustür wird oftmals kaum wahrgenommen. Um eine höhere Wertschätzung der Biodiversität zu erreichen, scheint eine frühe Auseinandersetzung damit bereits im Kindes- und Jugendalter besonders geeignet. Im Projekt BioDiv2Go/Finde Vielfalt wurde Biodiversität durch ortsbezogene Spiele (Geogames) erfahrbar gemacht und deren Relevanz untersucht. Dafür wurden drei unterschiedliche Typen von Geogames entwickelt: Geogame I ist ein Such- und Sammelspiel zum Thema „Pflanzen“, wobei deren Eigenschaften Spielpunkte geben. Bei den anderen beiden Geogames (II, III) müssen die Nutzung und der Schutz von bestimmten Landschaftsräumen (z. B. einer Streuobstwiese) oder das Vorkommen von Tieren (z. B. dem Luchs) durch Entscheidungen für nachhaltiges Handeln ausbalanciert werden. Geogame II und Geogame III unterscheiden sich nur dadurch, dass erstgenanntes vom Projektteam in Kooperation mit den Jugend-herbergen konzipiert, verortet und getestet wurde, während bei Geogame III die entwickelten Spielthemen von den Mitarbeitenden der Jugendherbergen an die eigenen Orte adaptiert werden. Hierzu wurde ein Autorenwerkzeug erstellt, das mit Webbrowsern bedient wird. Es wurde mit einem Forschungsrahmenmodell untersucht, inwieweit die verschiedenen Geogames zu einer In-Wertsetzung der Biodiversität und zu Bewusstseins- und Verhaltensänderungen führen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass und wie Einstellungen, Werthaltungen und Handlungsabsichten zum Erhalt der Biodiversität in verschiedenen Zielgruppen positiv gefördert werden konnten. Als Praxispartner wirkte für die Umsetzung das Deutsche Jugendherbergswerk und als Forschungspartner die angewandte Informatik der Universität Bamberg mit.
Dinosaurier im Film – Pädagogische Relevanz(en).
Authors: Schluchter Jan-René
Published: February 2021

Dinosaurier sind kulturelle Symbole moderner Gesellschaften, bewegend zwischen Wissenschaft und Fiktion, Natur und Kultur, dem Bild des Anderen und dem Spiegel des Eigenen, sie sind untrennbar mit den Ursprüngen des Menschen und dessen Situierung in der Erdzeitgeschichte verbunden. In dieser Perspektive nehmen Dinosaurier eine Vielzahl von Funktionen für moderne Gesellschaften wahr. Diese kulturelle Bedeutung des Dinosauriers ist eng an die medialen Repräsentationen des Dinosauriers gebunden – u.a. im Film. Diese (eher) kulturgeschichtliche, also Disziplinen wie u. a. Geschichts-, Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften berücksichtigende, Annäherung an den Dinosaurier ist bislang jedoch eher marginal beleuchtet, im Besonderen in Bezug auf ihre Bedeutung in und für Bildungsprozesse(n).Vor diesem Hintergrundwerden im Beitrag erste Verbindungslinien zwischen Dinosauriern, deren filmischen Repräsentationen und (Film)Bildung aufgezeigt.
Chancen und Herausforderungen von Virtual Reality in ausgewählten Bildungskontexten
Authors: Schollän Leonie
Published: February 2021

Dieser Beitrag stellt die überarbeitete und gekürzte Fassung einer gleichnamigen Bachelor-Arbeit dar, die 2019 im BA-Studiengang Kultur- und Medienbildung an der PH Ludwigsburg erstellt wurde. Die Autorin fokussiert in ihrer Ausarbeitung bewusst auf die Potenziale und Möglichkeiten von Virtual Reality. Es wird das SAMR-Modell herangezogen, um drei ausgewählte Anwendungen genauer einordnen zu können.
Apresentação
Authors: Vasconcellos Ana Maria de Albuquerque , Vasconcellos Sobrinho Mário , Mendes Ronaldo Lopes Rodrigues
Published: February 2021

Apresentação
Preface
Authors: Vasconcellos Ana Maria de Albuquerque , Vasconcellos Sobrinho Mário , Mendes Ronaldo Lopes Rodrigues
Published: February 2021

Preface
Governança do risco e preservação ambiental em construções de usinas hidrelétricas
Authors: David Ricardo Vilarim , Siqueira Pablo Mendonça , Paes-de-Souza Mariluce , Rodriguez Tomás Daniel Menendez , Costa Maria Clarice Alves da , Silva Guilherme Giacon da
Published: February 2021

A pesquisa busca analisar os mecanismos de governança do risco a partir dos elementos e aspectos transversais do framework elaborado pelo Comitê Internacional de Gestão de Riscos (IRGC), com objetivo de identificar ocorrências de mecanismos de governança e preservação ambiental em construções de usinas hidrelétricas. Para tanto, foram realizadas buscas em artigos, previamente selecionados, por meio de revisão sistemática com a utilização do protocolo Thorpe. Devido a esse método de seleção, a pesquisa limitou-se a algumas regiões geográficas, como alguns países do sudeste asiático, do continente africano, além de Brasil e Turquia. O estudo observou que na maioria dos artigos avaliados não foram encontrados os mecanismos de governança do risco, o que evidencia uma lacuna entre as propostas dos projetos e suas execuções. Essa falha indica uma falta de avaliação de possíveis danos às populações afetadas pelas construções. Por fim, conclui-se que é fundamental a utilização da governança do risco na proposição de projetos de usinas hidrelétricas a fim de mitigar os impactos aos habitantes das regiões afetadas pelas construções.
Appraisal of Anti-Arthritic and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Folkloric
Medicinal Plant Peganum harmala
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Furqan , Raza Syed Ahmad , Saleem Ammara , Hamid Irfan , Ashraf Baig Mirza Muhammad Faran , Sharif Ali , Sohail Kashif , Javaid Zeeshan , Saleem Uzma , Rasul Azhar
Published: February 2021

Background:

Peganum harmala is traditionally used to manage rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory conditions. However, its use against RA has not been scientifically evaluated. The current study was designed to assess the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of P. harmala leaves by in vitro and in vivo methods.

Methods:

The in vitro assays were carried out to determine the effect of plant extract on inhibition of egg albumin denaturation and human red blood cell membrane (HRBC) stabilization. Moreover, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity was performed to determine the antioxidant potential. In vivo anti-arthritic activity was performed by determining the curative effect against Complete Freund’s adjuvant (0.1 ml). The plant extract was administered to rats orally at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg/day for 21 days.

Results:

The values of IC50 of plant extract in protein denaturation, stabilization of HRBC and DPPH assays were 77.54 mg/ml, 23.90 mg/ml and 58.09 µg/ml respectively. Moreover, the plant extract significantly attenuated the poly-arthritis and weight loss, anemia and paw edema. The plant extract restored the level of C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase in poly-arthritic rats. Moreover, the plant extract restored the immune organs weight in treated rats. Treatment with P. harmala also significantly subdued the oxidative stress by reinstating superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, catalase and malondialdehyde in poly-arthritic rats. The plant extract notably restored the prostaglandin-E2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the serum of poly-arthritic rats.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that P. harmala extract had potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activities which primarily might be attributed to alkaloids, flavonoids and phenols.
Dietary Intakes and Food Habits of Wheelchair Basketball Athletes Compared
to Gym Attendees and Individuals who do not Practice Sport Activity
Authors: Toti Elisabetta , Cavedon Valentina , Raguzzini Anna , Fedullo Anna Lucia , Milanese Chiara , Bernardi Elisabetta , Bellito Sheila , Bernardi Marco , Sciarra Tommaso , Peluso Ilaria
Published: February 2021

Background:

Mediterranean diet (Med-D) has been previously suggested for athletes, but Paralympics usually have a low intake of plant foods. Orthorexia nervosa (ON) can drive dietary intake of both athletes and gym attendees.

Objective:

We aimed to compare dietary intakes and food habits of elite wheelchair basketball athletes (WBA) and able-bodied individuals who practice or not sport activity and with different fat mass percentage (FM%).

Methods:

We recruited 15 WBA from the Italian National team and 3 control groups (15 each group): healthy individuals who do not practice any sport activity (NSA) and gym attendees with low (GAL, FM%<17) and high (GAH, FM%>18) FM%. Food consumption was monitored by 3-d diary, while Med-D scores and ON score were evaluated through standardized questionnaires. In WBA we also assessed Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction (NBD), GastroEsophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), allergy questionnaire for athletes (AQUA) and Starvation Symptoms Inventory (SSI).

Results:

In WBA, ON correlated with GERD and SSI. WBA and GAH with eating behavior of ON had higher adherence to Med-D, whereas NSA had less adherence to Med-D. Sub-score including fruits, vegetables and legumes, was higher in the GAL and GAH groups compared to the WBA and NSA groups. Med-D was inversely related to animal protein intake (PRO-AN) in NSA and GAL. FM% was inversely related to PRO-AN in WBA and GAH, and to ON only in GAH. In WBA PRO-AN and vegetable protein intake correlated with both carbohydrate and energy intakes.

Conclusions:

In WBA, commitment to wellness (ON and Med-D adherence) could be a response to gastrointestinal and starvation symptoms. WBA should be involved in setting their own individualized dietary strategies.
A Review of Clustering Algorithms: Comparison of DBSCAN and K-mean
with Oversampling and t-SNE
Authors: Bajal Eshan , Katara Vipin , Bhatia Madhulika , Hooda Madhurima
Published: February 2021

The two most widely used and easily implementable algorithm for clustering and classification-based analysis of data in the unsupervised learning domain are Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise and K-mean cluster analysis. These two techniques can handle most cases effective when the data has a lot of randomness with no clear set to use as a parameter as in case of linear or logistic regression algorithms. However few papers exist that pit these two against each other in a controlled environment to observe which one reigns supreme and conditions required for the same. In this paper, a renal adenocarcinoma dataset is analyzed and thereafter both DBSCAN and K-mean are applied on the dataset with subsequent examination of the results. The efficacy of both the techniques in this study is compared and based on them the merits and demerits observed are enumerated. Further, the interaction of t-SNE with the generated clusters are explored.
Klankontwikkeling van baby's met gehoorverlies
Authors: Ketelaar Lizet , Vermeij Bernadette , Adriaanse Conja , Peet Sanne , Koopmans Wiepke
Published: February 2021

Doel: Het doel van het huidige onderzoek is zicht te krijgen op het verloop van de klankontwikkeling bij de huidige generatie Nederlandse kinderen met gehoorverlies en te onderzoeken welke factoren van invloed zijn op de klankontwikkeling bij deze groep kinderen.
Methode: De klankontwikkeling van een groep van 28 kinderen met licht tot zeer ernstig perceptief gehoorverlies en van 31 kinderen zonder gehoorverlies is gevolgd over een periode van 12 maanden (leeftijd van 6 tot 18 maanden). Hiervoor werd elke 3 maanden de Infant Monitor of Vocal Production (IMP) afgenomen bij ouders. Daarnaast gaven ouders elke 3 maanden informatie over de hoorontwikkeling van hun kind (LittlEARS) en de draagduur van de hoortoestellen (aanpassing van de Amplification in Daily Life Questionnaire). Ook zijn datalogging gegevens van de hoortoestellen verzameld bij de audiologische centra.
Resultaten: Uit dit onderzoek bleek dat kinderen met gehoorverlies op de leeftijd van 9 maanden een achterstand in de klankontwikkeling lieten zien ten opzichte van hun horende leeftijdsgenoten. Tevens lieten de resultaten zien dat een hogere mate van gehoorverlies leidt tot een minder goede hoorontwikkeling en daarmee een minder goede klankontwikkeling. Kinderen die hun hoortoestel meer droegen hadden een betere hoorontwikkeling.
Conclusie: Op groepsniveau laten kinderen met gehoorverlies in het eerste levensjaar al een achterstand zien in de klankontwikkeling ten opzichte van kinderen zonder gehoorverlies. Er zijn, onder andere als gevolg van de mate van gehoorverlies, echter grote individuele verschillen in het verloop van de klankontwikkeling binnen de groep kinderen met gehoorverlies. Meer onderzoek is nodig om verder vast te stellen welke kinderen met gehoorverlies een groter risico lopen op een achterblijvende klankontwikkeling.
Молекулярно-динамическое исследование влияния концентрации вакансий на скорость миграции границ наклона в никеле
Authors: Полетаев Г.М. , Ракитин Р.Ю.
Published: February 2021

The influence of vacancy concentration on the migration rate of high-angle tilt boundaries with misorientation axes <111> and <100> in nickel was studied by the method of molecular dynamics. It is shown that the dependence of the migration rate on the concentration of vacancies introduced at the initial stage of modeling has a maximum near 1%. The decrease in the migration rate with a further increase in the free volume is mainly due to the deceleration of the boundary by low-mobile vacancy clusters, which at high vacancy concentrations the boundary is no longer capable of sorbing. The second reason for the decrease in the migration rate with an increase in the concentration of vacancies above 1% is a decrease in the surface tension of grain boundaries and, accordingly, the driving force of their migration due to the finite sorption capacity of the boundaries with respect to the excess free volume.
Тензостимулированный эффект в легированном и термообработанном кремнии при ориентированной деформации
Authors: Маматкаримов О.О. , Химматкулов О. , Турсунов И.Г.
Published: February 2021

The tensostimulated effect in heat-treated and doped silicon was investigated. It is shown that uniaxial compression in the [111] direction leads to the decay of thermal donors and the hysteresis development in the dependences of the resistivity on the compression value. It was found that the strain-stimulated effect in manganese-compensated silicon samples is due to simultaneous changes in the concentration and mobility of current carriers.
Влияние электронного и дырочного допирования на транспортные характеристики халькогенидных систем
Authors: Романова О.Б. , Аплеснин C.C. , Удод Л.В.
Published: February 2021

The electrical properties and the Hall effect in semiconductor compounds Ag0.01Mn0.99S and Tm0.01Mn0.99S have been studied in the temperature range 80–400 K in a magnetic field of 12 kOe. The mechanism of conduction is established, which depends on the type of doping and concentration from the current - voltage characteristics. At the replacement of manganese by silver, the Mott type was found, and the replacement by thulium causes ohmic conductivity. The mobility and type of charge carriers are found from the Hall constant.
Объемный заряд в полимерных диэлектриках при воздействии импульсного и постоянного напряжений как фактор, влияющий на время до пробоя
Authors: Важов В.Ф. , Петренко Е.В.
Published: February 2021

Проведены исследования поведения объемных зарядов как во всем объеме, так и в локальных зонах рабочего объема твердых полимерных диэлектриков при длительном приложении постоянного и импульсного напряжений вплоть до образования канала пробоя. Исследования показали: чем больше величина отрицательного объемного заряда, тем меньше время до пробоя диэлектрика; появление и увеличение положительного объемного заряда как у анода, так и у катода увеличивает время жизни твердой полимерной изоляции. Предлагается использовать для контроля состояния изоляции экспериментальный метод измерения объемных зарядов в процессе эксплуатации. Ключевые слова: высокое напряжение, полимерные диэлектрики, объемный заряд, время жизни.
Механизм влияния водорода на фазовый переход в пленках V-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Ильинский А.В. , Никулин Е.И. , Шадрин Е.Б.
Published: February 2021

Показано, что в гидрированных пленках полутораоксида ванадия возникает избыток свободных электронов по сравнению с негидрированными пленками. Это приводит к сдвигу петель температурного гистерезиса термического фазового перехода изолятор-металл в область низких температур, то есть к уменьшению критической температуры Tc фазового перехода. Интерпретация результатов основана на том факте, что V2O3 представляет собой сильно коррелированный материал, а фазовый переход в нем носит комплексный характер: электронный переход Мотта инициирует структурный переход Пайерлса. Показано, что атомы внедренного водорода локализуются на ионах кислорода, образуя с ними дополнительные sigma-связи, термическое разрушение части которых приводит к увеличению концентрации свободных электронов в зоне проводимости гидрированных пленок V2O3. Ключевые слова: окислы ванадия, фазовый переход изолятор-металл, сильнокоррелированные материалы, гидрирование, водород.
Cost-per-remitter with esketamine nasal spray versus standard of care for treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Desai Urvi , Kirson Noam Y , Guglielmo Andrea , Le Hoa H , Spittle Timothy , Tseng-Tham Joshua , Shawi May , Sheehan John J
Published: February 2021

Aim:
Estimate the cost-per-remitter with esketamine nasal spray plus an oral antidepressant (ESK + oral AD) versus oral AD plus nasal placebo (oral AD + PBO) among patients with treatment-resistant depression.
Patients & methods:
An Excel-based model was developed to estimate the cost-per-remitter for ESK + oral AD versus oral AD + PBO over 52 weeks from multiple US payer perspectives. Clinical end points and cost inputs were derived from clinical trials and the literature, respectively.
Results:
Under the base-case scenario, the cost-per-remitter for ESK + oral AD and oral AD + PBO were as follows: Commercial: US$85,808 versus US$100,198; Medicaid: US$76,236 versus US$96,067; Veteran’s Affairs: US$77,765 versus US$104,519; and Integrated Delivery Network: US$103,924 versus US$142,766.
Conclusion:
The findings suggest that ESK + oral AD is a cost-efficient alternative treatment for treatment-resistant depression compared with oral AD + PBO.
Social Physique Anxiety in Female Adolescents at Bandung Middle School
Authors: Hadiani Nidya Fildza , Hidayati Nur Oktavia , Sari Citra Windani Mambang
Published: February 2021

Background: Adolescence is a transition from childhood to adulthood, along with physical and emotional changes. One significant difference is physical appearance. Adolescents tend to be afraid of negative evaluations from others for their physical appearance or social physique anxiety. Objective: This study aimed to determine the social physique anxiety in female adolescents at Bandung Middle School. Methods: This study's method was a descriptive quantitative method using a total population technique with a sample of 331 female high school students in Bandung Middle School. The measurement instrument that was used in this study was SPAS-C (Social Physique Anxiety for Children). Analysis of the data was conducted using the average score of social physique anxiety and was presented as a percentage. Result: This study showed that most respondents had a lower score than social physique anxiety average score with a several 176 respondents (53.2%), in comparison 155 respondents (46.8%) had a higher score than social physique anxiety average score.  Based on the study results, comparing the number of respondents who had a lower score than the social physique anxiety average score with the number of respondents who had a higher score than the social physique anxiety average score did not significantly differ. Conclusions: Preventive solutions for social physique prevention are essential. Schools can make a consultation schedule or use an online consultation system and work with community health centers to provide health education and knowledge about social physique anxiety and the influencing factors and its prevention.
PROPRIEDADES ESTRUTURAIS DO CÓDIGO
Authors: BARBOSA Maria Aparecida
Published: February 2021

Propõe-se este trabalho a estudar, de um lado, as relações lógicas dialéticassubjacente aos fenômenos da sino-antonímia, suas especificidades e semelhanças estruturais;de outro, examinar microssistemas lexicais de sentidos opostos por contrariedade oupor contraditoriedade, com visitas à elaboração de uma tipologia de relações antonímicas.
LINGUAGEM REGIONAL POPULAR DE JOSÉ LINS DO REGO
Authors: Aragão Maria do Socorro Silva de Aragão
Published: February 2021

Como escritor da chamada Geração de 30, época em que as narrativasenfatizavam a natureza em detrimento do homem, José Lins do Rego conseguiuultrapassar esse estereótipo, mudando o eixo da gravidade da natureza para o homem.Estudar linguisticamente sua obra é um exercício fascinante que oferece surpresas a cadaabordagem realizada.
ATLAS LINGUÌSTICOS DO BRASIL
Authors: Aragão Maria do Socorro Silva de
Published: February 2021

Uma das bases da Geografia Lingüística consiste no estudo das variaçõesdiatópicas, ou geográficas, ao nível do léxico. Nessas variações, como também nasfonéticas, se encontram as marcas delimitadoras dos falares regionais.A afinidade de significados, como diz Pottier (1974, 1987), que é encontrada naparassinonímia, pode situar o falante em diferentes subsistemas como o espacial, temporal,situacional ou o de tecnicidade.Neste trabalho apresentaremos alguns exemplos de itens lexicais parassinônimosnos Atlas Lingüísticos do Brasil.
RESGATANDO A HISTÓRIA DO ATLAS LINGUÍSTICO DO BRASIL
Authors: Aragão Maria do Socorro Silva de
Published: February 2021

Esse trabalho destaca o desenvolvimento e expansão da pesquisa dialetológicanoBrasil, comparando os estudos pioneiros, geralmente monodialetais, com os atuaisquando as transformações históricas, socioeconômicas e culturais impulsionaram taisestudos em direção à variação linguística em diferentes dimensões: diatópica, diastrática,diageracional diassexual e diafásica.
A LINGUAGEM CIENTÍFICA DE AUGUSTO DOS ANJOS TRADUÇÃO EM LIBRAS
Authors: Peixoto Janaina Aguiar , Aragão Maria do Socorro Silva de
Published: February 2021

O texto sinalizado com a tradução para a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras)registrado em vídeo1 está disponível no canal desta revista
ESTÂNDAR NO BRASIL. UMA DISCUSSÃO SOBRE O PLURICENTRISMO, CODIFICAÇÃO NORMATIVA E O PAPEL DA LEXICOGRAFIA
Authors: Farias Virginia Sita
Published: February 2021

O pluricentrismo – como questão fundamentalmente político-ideológica – está intimamente relacionado com a estandardização linguística e, por conseguinte, com a codificação normativa. No âmbito lusófono – em comparação, por exemplo, com o hispanófono ou o francófono, por um lado, e com o anglófono, por outro –, muito embora tenha se desenvolvido uma “consciência pluricêntrica”, esta não se reflete na elaboração das principais obras de referência (gramáticas e dicionários), seja aquém ou além-mar. O objetivo do presente artigo é, portanto, discutir o problema da fixação do estândar e da codificação normativa do português no Brasil, em comparação com outras línguas de cultura. A ênfase recairá no tipo de codificação proposta nos dicionários gerais brasileiros (supranacional monocêntrica, supranacional pluricêntrica ou nacional stricto sensu), a fim de aferir (i) sua coerência do ponto de vista metalexicográfico e (ii) o êxito real obtido na consecução dos respectivos projetos.
OS SIGNOS DO X E A IMAGÉTICA DE XUXA NA PUBLICIDADE
Authors: Quintella Malta Lessa Laís
Published: February 2021

É perceptível que nos últimos anos, profissionais da propaganda vem utilizando o apelo ao passado, trazendo para seus clientes uma nova roupagem na maneira de anunciar. Utilizar em campanhas publicitárias personalidades que fizeram sucesso em décadas passadas, é interagir com o lado emocional das pessoas e também com o que está guardado na memória, causando bons estímulos que são armazenados em nossas lembranças. Os Signos do X e a Imagética de Xuxa na Publicidade, analisa as relações existentes entre elementos ligados a apresentadora Maria da Graça Xuxa Meneghel em seu programa Xou da Xuxa, veiculado em meados dos anos de 1980 na TV Globo, assim como na publicidade daquele tempo e campanhas publicitárias difundidas nos últimos anos, onde a mesma aparece como garota propaganda, mostrando que ícones do passado, corroborarão que símbolos destaques desse tempo, hoje são uma ótima ferramenta para vendas. A realização das análises e também das relações apresentadas, terão como base a primeira tricotomia de Charles Sanders Peirce, quali-signo, sin-signo e legi-signo, uma vez que a teoria do filósofo se enquadra perfeitamente na análise comparativa aqui proposta.
VARIAÇÃO TERMINOLÓGICA NO DOMÍNIO DO DIREITO DO TRABALHO
Authors: Beltramini Carina , Babini Maurizio
Published: February 2021

As sentenças judiciais trabalhistas têm grande relevância dentro e fora da seara jurídica, já que é por meio desse tipo de gênero textual que o magistrado decide os conflitos de interesses submetidos à sua autoridade. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar a variação terminológica em um conjunto de sentenças judiciais trabalhistas. Nossa pesquisa está baseada nas teorias de Barros, (2004; 2007), Cabré (1999), Krieger; Finatto (2004), Faulstich (2001). Para efetuarmos esse trabalho constituímos um corpus composto de sentenças judiciais trabalhistas publicadas nos anos de 2014 a 2018. Sucessivamente, procedemos à coleta dos termos por meio do programa Hyperbase e esses termos foram organizados em um sistema nocional. Em seguida, analisamos o conjunto de termos encontrados, destacando os diferentes tipos de variantes encontradas.

Palavras-chave: Sentença judicial trabalhista. Terminologia. Variação terminológica.
Contributions of Climate Change and Human Activities on Runoff Variations in the Central Part of Tajikistan in Central Asia
Authors: Gulahmadov Nekruz , Chen Yaning , Gulakhmadov Aminjon , Rakhimova Moldir , Gulakhmadov Manuchekhr
Published: February 2021

Comprehensive studies of the contributions of climate variation and
anthropogenic activities to runoff alterations are essential for
sustainable management of water resources in Central Asian countries. In
the Kofarnihon River Basin (KRB) in Central Asia, both changing climate
conditions and anthropogenic activities are known to have caused
variations to the hydrological cycle. Therefore, quantifying the net
influence of human contribution to the runoff changes is a challenge. In
this study, by applying the original and modified Mann–Kendall trend
test, Pettitt test, double cumulative curve and elasticity methods the
historical trends and breakpoint changes of the hydro-climatic variables
including temperature, precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and
runoff over the 1950–2016 along were determined, in addition the
contributions of climate variation and anthropogenic activities to
runoff changes in the KRB were evaluated. The trend analysis exhibited a
significant increasing trend in annual temperature and potential
evapotranspiration and the annual precipitation trend showed
insignificant decreasing trend during the 1950–2016 time period. The
breakpoint change was detected in runoff occurs in 1991. Further, the
time series (1950–2016) are separated into the prior impacted period
(1950–1991) and post impacted period (1992–2016) with trend test. The
results showed that anthropogenic activities played a dominant role in
changes in the runoff with a contribution of 79.94% in the upstream and
97.78% in the downstream of the KRB. Climate change contributed to
20.06% in the upstream and 7.53% in the downstream of the catchment
during the post impacted period. In the land-use type changes, the
dominant role played construction land which showed that the area from
248.63 km2 in 1990 increased to 685.45 km2 (175.69%) in 2015. The
findings suggest that it is essential to adopt effective steps for
sustainable development of ecological, hydrological and social order in
the KRB in Central Asia.