bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imperial (S)Kin: The Orthography of the Wake in Esi Edugyan’s Washington Black
Authors: Šlapkauskaitė Rūta
Published: April 2021

The publication of Esi Edugyan’s Washington Black has placed the novel among other works of history and art, which recall the material and epistemic violence of institutional racism and the lasting trauma of its legacy. Thus by interlacing, within the context of black critical theory, Yogita Goyal’s and Laura T. Murphy’s examining of the neo-slave narrative with Christina Sharpe’s conceptualization of the wake and Alexander G. Weheliye’s notion of habeas viscus as critical frames for the discussion of racialized subjectivity, I consider how Edugyan’s use of the conventions of Victorian adventure literature and the slave narrative rethinks the entanglements between the imperial commodification of life and the scientific agenda of natural history. Given how the narrative emphasizes the somatic register and its epidermal terms as a scene of meaning, I bring together Frantz Fanon’s idea of epidermalization, Steven Connor’s phenomenological reading of the skin, and Calvin L. Warren’s reasoning about blackness in an attempt to highlight the metalepsis resulting from the novel’s use of the hot air-balloon and the octopus as dermatropes that cast the empire as simultaneously a dysfunctional family and a scientific laboratory. Loaded into the skin as a master trope is the conceptual cross-over between consciousness and conscience, whose narrative performance in the novel nourishes the affective labour of its reader as an agent of memory.
Sediments as Factor in the Fate of the Threatened Endemic Fish Species Romanichthys Valsanicola Dumitrescu, Bănărescu and Stoica, 1957 (Vâlsan River Basin, Danube Basin)
Authors: Bănăduc Doru , Voicu Răzvan , Curtean-Bănăduc Angela
Published: April 2021

The main emphasis of this paper is on the negative effects of sedimentation on the most highly endangered fish of Europe Romanichthys valsanicola and the habitats of its main trophic resource Rhithrogena semicolorata. Some inexpensive and easy-to-implement solutions are identified and proposed (dam reservoir related recommendations for basin sediments management, forestry related recommendations for sediment basin management, basin sediments general management recommendations, riverbed ecological reconstruction approach proposal, etc.) in the paper with the same conservative purpose for Romanichthys valsanicola species in the actual situation of habitat loss and drastic regress of this globaly-unique fish population.
The Potential Indemnification of Slovak Farmers with the Income Stabilisation Tool
Authors: Boháčiková Andrea , Bencová Tatiana , Kapustová Zuzana , Strápeková Zuzana
Published: April 2021

The risk management tools in agriculture enable farmers to anticipate, avoid and react to shocks and agricultural risks. The Common agricultural policy includes mechanisms to support risk management of the European farmers and respond to crises. An ambition of the recent CAP proposal is to increase the focus on risk management and stabilisation of farmers′ income. Under Pillar 2, the CAP offers the support for less favoured farms, which have experienced the production or income loss in the way of insurance premium, mutual funds, and Income stabilisation tool. However, only few European countries have been using these tools operationally. The risk management tools were subjected to criticism, mainly because of many obstacles in their implementation; therefore, since 2018, the risk management toolbox has been further extended. In the paper, we focus on one of the CAP tools from Pillar 2, the Income Stabilisation tool, and examine the potential effect on farmers′ indemnification in Slovak agriculture.
Simultaneous alterations in ovaries and bone as a result of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Bonfá Ana Lúcia de Oliveira , Alves Eduardo Donato , Fabrício Víctor , Nonaka Keico Okino , Anselmo-Franci Janete Aparecida , Achcar Jorge Alberto , Montrezor Luís Henrique
Published: April 2021

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most widely recognized endocrine disorders affecting reproductive-age women. The etiopathogenesis and mechanisms of this syndrome remain unclear. Diagnosis requires two of the following: polycystic ovaries, oligo- or anovulation, and hyperandrogenism. Most women with PCOS display conditions such as metabolic abnormalities, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and/or bone dysfunction. Considering the ethical limitations of human studies, animal and cell culture models that reflect some features of PCOS are important for investigation of this syndrome. The aim of the present work was to study some of the endocrine relationships between ovaries and bone tissue in a polycystic ovary syndrome animal model. The study was performed using an estradiol valerate PCOS-induced rat model (n = 30) and bone mesenchymal stem cell cultured from bone marrow of those animals. It was hypothesized that changes of the endocrine relationship between ovaries and bones could be observed in from in vivo animal model and in vitro cell culture assays. The ovarian morphological and endocrine changes seem to be correlated with endocrine, biophysical, and biomechanical changes in bone properties. Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from PCOS-induced rats, cultured for up to 21 days and differentiated into osteoblasts, presented lower viability and reduced mineralization of the extracellular matrix. Taken together, these results indicate important endocrine and structural effects of PCOS in ovaries and bones, contributing to part of the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of PCOS.
Enflasyonun İşletmelerin Finansal Oranlarına Etkisi: BIST İmalat Sektöründe Bir Uygulama
Authors: KANTAR Muhammed Asım , ABAR Hayri , ÖNDEŞ Turan
Published: April 2021

Enflasyonun finansman maliyetini artırması gibi işletmeleri etkileyen sonuçları vardır. Bununla birlikte enflasyon dönemlerinde işletmelerin mali tablolarındaki tutarlar gerçeği yansıtamadığı için anlamsızlaşır. Enflasyonun mali tablolara etkisi ve enflasyon muhasebesi konusu çok çalışılmış bir konudur. Ancak enflasyonun finansal oranlara etkisine birçok kaynakta yer verilmemiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı; enflasyonun, işletmelerin finansal oranlarına etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla, Borsa İstanbul imalat sanayinin dokuma, giyim eşyası ve deri sektöründeki şirketlerin 2013-2018 yıllarındaki mali tablolarından elde edilen oranlar hesaplanmıştır. Enflasyon oranını temsilen TÜFE ve Yİ-ÜFE’den elde edilen enflasyon oranları kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, enflasyonun likidite oranları üzerinde, öz kaynak oranı üzerinde ve dönem kârının hasılata oranı ile bulunan kârlılık oranı üzerinde negatif etkiye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur.
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL THINKING OF HIGHER EDUCATION SEEKERS
Authors: VERITOV ALEXANDER
Published: April 2021

The relevance of the chosen research topic is due to the fact that modern social and economic environment requires specialists in the area of physical culture and sports to be ready for self-realization of professional potential in terms of market economy, which requires certain knowledge and skills to start and develop their own business. The purpose of the article is to suggest the pedagogical construction of forms and methods of teaching within the disciplines which ensure the formation of entrepreneurial thinking of future bachelors in physical culture and sports. To achieve this goal, abstract-logical and system-structural research methods have been used. The author’s concept of the process of formation of information and communication, economic and managerial components of entrepreneurial culture of future bachelors in physical culture and sports involves the implementation of preparatory, theoretical and practical stages. The formation of entrepreneurial culture at the preparatory stage is associated with the compulsory discipline “Information Technology in Physical Culture and Sports” (second semester). The theoretical stage involves mastering the study material of optional courses “Management in Physical Culture and Sports” (third semester), “Marketing of Physical Culture and Sports” (fourth semester), “Entrepreneurship in Physical Culture and Sports” (fifth semester), “Innovative technologies of sports training and physical culture” (sixth semester). The practical stage includes the preparation and defense of a course work and internships at enterprises that provide physical culture and health services. The disciplines ensuring the formation of entrepreneurship in higher education are defined as “Entrepreneurship in physical culture and sports” and the content module “Startups in the field” of the discipline “Innovative technologies of sports training and physical culture”. The discipline “Entrepreneurship in Physical Culture and Sports” has four credits, each of which corresponds to a certain module. The following forms and methods of organization of educational process have been offered: traditional lectures, lectures-press conferences, lectures-presentations, a round table, business games, method of problem-based learning, work in small groups and a method of individual work. These pedagogical conditions for the development of entrepreneurial thinking contribute to the creation and consolidation of certain patterns of successful business projects in the field, the acquisition of skills of self-analysis of entrepreneurial thinking using appropriate diagnostic techniques, create conditions for creative communication with the audience, collaboration in the creation process, emotional interaction and activate students’ independent cognitive activity, encourage them to perform search and research activities.
THE ROLE OF ARTISTIC AND AESTHETIC INTERPRETATION OF ART WORKS IN THE FORMATION OF AESTHETIC CONSCIOUSNESS OF FUTURE DESIGNERS
Authors: IVCHENKO IVCHENKO
Published: April 2021

The study is based on the problem of domestic design entering the international market and the development of competitive products by improving its aesthetic qualities. Although a considerable amount of research has been devoted to the problem artistic and aesthetic interpretation, few attempts have been made to investigate formation of the designer's interpretive competence. However, it’s a major component of project activity. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the concept of forming of aesthetic consciousness of the future designers by means of interpretive activity. To achieve the goal of the research the author uses the following scientific methods: the method of studying and generalizing theoretical and practical scientific experience, the method of comparison, the method of analysis, the method of synthesis, the method of artistic and aesthetic interpretation. The essence of the concept of “artistic and aesthetic interpretation” has been substantiated in the article. The author analyzes the object of orientation of the process of artistic and aesthetic interpretation, its result and the features of the interpretive activity. In the article the author highlights the positions on the interpretation of the concept of “aesthetic consciousness of personality” from the broad and narrow position of its understanding. The article describes the main components of the aesthetic consciousness of personality: aesthetic feeling, aesthetic taste and aesthetic ideal. In the article the author notes the shortcomings of the approaches of artistic conservatism and artistic progressiveness in the project activity. The author emphasizes that the only optimal approach to the development of the aesthetic in the present is the “compromise approach”. In the article the author analyzes the creativity of the Ukrainian domestic designers and graphic artists of the 21st century. In the following types of the project activities: graphic design, installation art (art design), book design, environment design (street art, supergraphics). The author reflects the level of implementation of the aesthetic component and the spiritual and semantic filling of the art works, as well as divides the art works by the rank of high and low artistic and aesthetic value. The article reveals the tendencies of development of the domestic art market and its positive and negative influences on the formation of the aesthetic consciousness of personality are grounded. The author argues that the degree of development of aesthetic consciousness and interpretive skills is an important factor in the professional development of the future designers.
ANALYSIS OF VALUE-MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS OF SOCIAL ACTIVITY OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF SOCIONOMIC PROFESSIONS
Authors: AVERINA AVERINA
Published: April 2021

Theoretical and methodological analysis of changes in value and motivational factors for the development of social activity of future specialists in socionomic professions have been conducted. The problematic positions of socially significant qualities and personality characteristics development of the future specialist are outlined. The structural and functional components of social competence of future specialists are determined: social orientation of reflection, the ability to predict the social results of their behavior, their activity (the consequences of their actions); ability to withstand the pressure of the environment, to solve problems independently; awareness of motives for behavior, actions, reasoned independence of the individual; the expression of prosocial motivation and initiative in positive communication.

According to the research results of values and value orientations of student youth, representative signs of the need for prosociality in civic, labor, sociocultural, household spheres of life and markers of orientation of future specialists of socionomic professions on the realization of social interests are determined. The use of the parameters of social activity development set by the system of social competencies according to professional requirements and the need for qualified support of the process of social activity development of future specialists of socionomic professions in the contexts of competence-oriented professional education is substantiated. 610 students from four higher educational institutions took part in the sociological and pedagogical research of social activity. The values of students of socionomic professions were diagnosed using a short version of Portrait Values Questionnaire-Revised – PVQ-Revised. The multiple regression equation has the following form: Extracurricular activity (composite) = 6,576 +1,469 (Social activity) + 0.507 (Power – Domination) – 0.630 (Safety - Personal) – 0,411 (Modesty). Changes in values in the process of development of social activity of future specialists of socionomic professions, which is primarily connected with changes in motivational aspects at different levels of generalization and complexity, include such constructs as values, goals, behavioral plans, which requires clarification of the characteristics of the research by qualitative analysis of social factors and identification of relevant patterns of student involvement in socially significant activities.
ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE ESSENCE OF SOCIAL ACTIVITY OF STUDENT YOUTH
Authors: BAZYLENKO ANASTASIA
Published: April 2021

Based on the identification of the main approaches to understanding the content of personality activity in general, the article highlights the main scientific approaches to interpreting of the essence of social activity of the individual: activity, acmeological, systemic, subjective, axiological, genetic modeling. It is determined that the most appropriate is the author’s proposed subject-activity approach to the interpretation of the essence of social activity of student youth. We consider the subjectivity of the individual as an important prerequisite and, at the same time, the result of social activity of students, which is realized through an active and responsible attitude to themselves, to various objects, to another person, to educational and future professional activities. At the heart of the activity of the independent subject of life we see: readiness and ability to realize their interests and the interests of society; constant and strong desire to influence social processes and real participation in public affairs; the desire to strengthen and improve the existing social order, based on the assimilation of social values and the realization of their goals, taking into account the interests of society. According to the subject-activity approach, social activity of the individual is considered by us as a personal formation of prosocial orientation, internally determined by individual needs, values, volitional characteristics and characteristics of person, and outwardly manifested in the transformation of society and personality, that is in social activity.
Recurrent symptomatic vertebral hemangioma in pregnancy managed with decompression and vertebroplasty
Authors: Prabhu Rudra Mangesh , Rathod Tushar N.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Vertebral hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor of the spine that occurs in the endothelial lining of blood vessels. The majority of these lesions are detected incidentally on routine magnetic resonance imaging scans. Rarely, lesions can increase in size and result in neurological deterioration.

Case Description:

A 19-year-old post-partum female, presented with paraplegia due to a recurrent vertebral hemangioma with exophytic extension into the epidural space resulting in spinal cord compression. Early decompressive surgery facilitated adequate early recovery of neurological function.

Conclusion:

Exophytic vertebral hemangiomas that have extended into the spinal canal resulting in cord compression require urgent surgical decompression.
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, a presentation of metastatic carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Elder Theresa A. , Adel Joseph G.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Neoplastic cerebral aneurysms related to metastatic processes are exceptionally rare and carry a dismal prognosis. Only four previous reports exist of neoplastic aneurysms secondary to metastatic adenocarcinoma, all of which were found to be lung cancer in origin. We present the fifth reported metastatic adenocarcinomatous cerebral aneurysm, and the first case is secondary to a non-lung cancer primary.

Case Description:

The patient presented with complaining of headache and was found to have a large right-sided intraparenchymal hemorrhage and smaller left-sided hemorrhage on head CT, and CTA revealed a vascular pouch in the region of the hemorrhage. The patient showed sudden neurologic decline, and repeat imaging revealed enlargement of the hematoma with significant brain compression. The patient underwent emergent angiography revealing a distal cortical middle cerebral artery aneurysm, suspicious for mycotic etiology, which was treated through microsurgical excision at the time of hematoma evacuation. The aneurysm specimen was sent for cultures and pathology, revealing the diagnosis of metastatic non-small-cell carcinoma. Further inpatient workup did not reveal the primary neoplastic source.

Conclusion:

Although diagnostic workup should search for more common pathologic mimics than metastatic neoplastic cerebral aneurysms, clinicians must be able to recognize and expeditiously treat this devastating lesion. Further investigation and analysis of treatment options are necessary to better understand this rare pathology and improve patient outcomes.
Clinical outcome of intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumors: A single-center retrospective analytical study
Authors: Patel Pratik , Mehendiratta Dhanish , Bhambhu Vivek , Dalvie Samir
Published: April 2021

Background:

Intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumors (IESCT) account for approximately two-thirds of largely benign intraspinal neoplasms. They occasionally present with acute neurological deterioration warranting emergent surgical intervention.

Methods:

Here, we reviewed a series of 31 patients with intradural extramedullary spinal tumors who underwent surgery from 2012 to 2019. Patients averaged 50.8 years of age, and there were 16 males and 15 females. Patients were followed for a minimum of 1 year. Multiple clinical outcome variables were studied (e.g., Karnofsky Performance Score [KPS], visual analog scale (VAS), and Frankel grade).

Results:

The majority of IESCT tumors were found in the thoracic spine 18 (58.06%) followed by the lumbar 8 (25.80%), cervical 1 (3.22%), and combined junctional tumors 4 (12.90%) (cervicothoracic-02 and thoracolumbar-02). Histopathological diagnoses included schwannomas-16 (51.61%), meningiomas-11 (35.48%), lipomas-2 (6.45%), hemangiomas-1 (3.22), and ependymomas-01 (03.22%). The VAS score was reduced in all cases, while KPS and Frankel grades were significantly improved. Complications included cerebrospinal fluid leakage, new/residual paresthesias, and tumor recurrence (12.50%).

Conclusion:

Most intradural extramedullary tumors are benign and are readily diagnosed utilizing MRI scans. Notably, good functional outcomes follow surgical intervention.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE NEW CORONAVIRUS PNEUMONIA EPIDEMIC ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Guan Ran
Published: April 2021

The article considers the theoretical aspects of the impact of coronavirus infection on the international economic structure, outlines the methods of functioning of the advanced states of the world in the context of solving the epidemiological problem. The essence of globalization factors of the economy in the process of formation of international relations in the context of care for the life and health of the population, as well as in the field of environmental security of world powers. Recommendations for improving modern international economic relations in the situation of the spread of the epidemic are proposed and ways to improve the international mechanism of health care management are modeled.
PERSONNEL COMPONENT MANAGEMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Kundytsky Oleksandr , Fedynets Nataliia ,   Lviv University of Trade and Economics
Published: April 2021

The article examines current issues regarding the personnel component of enterprise development management. Theoretical aspects of enterprise development management are revealed. Taking into account the opinions available in the scientific literature, the definition of "enterprise development" is formulated. The mechanism of enterprise development management is given. It is concluded that the effectiveness of the development management mechanism largely depends on the personnel component. The indicators that allow to describe the personnel component of development management are named: the number and structure of personnel required for development; levels of development management; the level of qualification and competence of the personnel of the enterprise that initiates and implements development-oriented changes; methodology of making managerial decisions related to development; leadership style, staff readiness for change; availability of a development management team. The problems of the state of staffing of development management and their main reasons are determined. It is concluded that imperfect staffing of development management and existing problems necessitate the formation of a strategy for staffing development management and recruitment, selection, evaluation, adaptation, relocation, development and motivation of staff to implement this strategy.
STRATEGIC PROSPECTS FOR INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF CHERKASY REGION
Authors:   Uman National University of Horticulture, Zhmudenko Viktoriia , Diachenko Mykola ,   Uman National University of Horticulture
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the current state of production activities of the agricultural sector of Cherkasy region economy, its organizational and legal structures and identifies strategic directions for its development. It is proved that the priority solution of urgent problems, such as: redistribution of land and property; restructuring of enterprises and forms of management; development of cooperation; introduction of market management methods - management and marketing; state regulation of the agricultural economy, financial, credit and tax systems; development of markets for agricultural products, material and technical resources and services; intensification and diversification of foreign economic activity will contribute to the development of the agro-industrial sphere of Cherkasy region. It is determined that the years 2021-2027 should be considered the strategic period, during which the provision of the country's population with food at the level of scientifically sound standards, growth of export potential and reduction of imports should be achieved. The necessity of introduction of innovative activity and process of innovations introduction in the production activity of the agricultural enterprises which are a basis of economic growth is proved. Obstacles to the innovative development of the regional agricultural sector are analyzed. The priority directions of innovative development of agro-industrial enterprises are indicated. The need to develop an innovative policy of agricultural enterprises in order to increase the efficiency of their operation is determined. It is noted that the priority of the agro-industrial sector development of Cherkasy region and its leading industries will provide the population with food products, industry with raw materials, and foreign trade with the export goods. It is established that innovative activity in agricultural enterprises is a decisive factor in the effective development and increase of agricultural production, significant changes in its structure, reassessment of the motivation system that meet the current principles of the Cherkasy Region Development Strategy for 2021-2027, which determines key vectors of the region in the long-term.
THE BIOENERGY CROPS MARKET IN UKRAINE: TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT AND SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, Hayda Yuriy , Firman Khrystyna ,   West Ukrainian National University
Published: April 2021

In this article analyzes the development of trends of bioenergy crops market development in Ukraine and its current state are analysed. The possibility and feasibility of synergy of mutual development of bioenergy crops market and bio-oil market in Ukraine were noted. The necessity of state support and stimulation of bioenergy crops and different types of biofuels production in Ukraine was stated. A positive trend of growth of planted areas and production of rapeseed in Ukraine was revealed. During the study period (2013-2019) the production of rapeseed was increased by 1.4 times. The greatest energy potential for the production of bioethanol is in the sugar beet subcomplex of the agricultural sector. Over the past few years, the production of sugar beet was at its highest in 2014 (15.7 million tonnes), while the following years saw a decrease in cultivated areas of sugar beet and, consequently, a drop in its gross output - to 8.3 million tonnes in 2020. Significant resource potential for the production of bioethanol also have cereal crops (wheat, rye, barley, maize), the area under which during the last ten years remains relatively stable (14.4-15.3 million ha). Among grain crops the most effective raw material for the production of bioethanol is maize. A positive tendency of biennial growth of planted area under this crop is revealed. The space differentiation of resource base of bioenergy in Ukraine is prominent. The cluster analysis revealed three groups of areas based on the similarity of the energy resources for bioenergy purposes. Two clusters including Khmelnytskyi, Ternopil, Zhytomyr and Chernihiv, Vinnytsia, Cherkasy, Sumy, Kirovograd, Poltava and Kyiv regions should be considered as the most promising areas for concentration of capacities in biofuel production. It is noted that the trajectory of development bioenergetic sector of the country is always conditioned by compromise between compliance with optimal levels of its energy and food security.
PROBLEMS OF FORMATION OF TAX POLICY OF UKRAINE IN THE IT SPHERE
Authors:   Vasyl` Stus Donetsk National University, Razborska Elena , Khabik Khristina ,   Vasyl` Stus Donetsk National University
Published: April 2021

The article considers the peculiarities of taxation of IT services in Ukraine. It is determined that IT technologies are one of the priority areas of economic development of Ukraine. It is determined that the IT sphere is very important for Ukraine, because against the background of the general economic and political crisis, IT technologies are identified in Ukraine as one of the priority sectors of economic development, as evidenced by the significant contribution of export industry to total GDP and taxes. to the state budget. The volume of exports of IT services from Ukraine is researched and analyzed. The necessity of tax regulation of the IT taxation system in Ukraine is determined, the main tasks, principles and factors on the basis of which the taxation system of IT technologies is based are revealed. In the course of the research, tax incentives (privileges) used in the taxation of IT services in foreign countries were identified as appropriate and considered. In Ukraine, of all these benefits, only VAT exemption applies to all software supply transactions, ie benefits are applied not by a specific entity that has received the right to use them, but by all entities that carry out the relevant transactions. Thus, it was found that the application of such a benefit is not a right but a duty of the taxpayer. Priority areas for optimizing the IT industry have been identified. The priority directions of optimization of the branch of IT technologies are defined. It is determined that one of the main factors contributing to the development of the information technology industry and IT business in Ukraine is the ability to use a simplified taxation system, the so-called "third group", which is currently analogous to industry incentive systems in other countries. Therefore, for Ukraine, which is still successfully competing in the global market, it is necessary to create a tax regime similar to those in force in foreign competitors.
FACTORS OF THE FESTIVAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE SECOND HALF OF 20TH CENTURY
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Hrytsyshyn Anna
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the development of festival tourism in the second half of the 20th century. Festival tourism is referred to the special types of tourism and should satisfy specific needs of people during the trip. The motivational basis of the festival tourism is the desire of people to visit new places, regions and events in the world, including festivals. The article analyzes the main factors of the development of festival tourism in the second half of the 20th century after the end of the Second World War. Six main groups of factors are determined, in particular: civilization, sociological and psychological factors; economic factors; political factors; technological factors; ecological factors and tourism as a factor in festival development. It was established that the progress of civilization and higher incomes made it possible to satisfy the basic social needs in the highly developed countries, as well as to concentrate on high-level needs, including those connected with culture and entertainment, thus, also with festivals. The collapse of the USSR and the democratization of the post-communist countries in Europe caused the appearance of a new cultural and entertainment activity. Moreover, the authorities began to take more and more responsibility for the socioeconomic development of cities and regions, including the cultural aspect, which in turn resulted in promotion of local festivals. The development of transport infrastructure and modern information technologies has also positively contributed to the development of festival tourism. The ecological approach to life and to civilization in general is considered to be an important factor in the development of festival tourism in recent years.
PROCEDURE OF CALCULATING THE REDUCED COSTS FOR DESIGNING A COMBINED LOW-ORBIT SATELLITE SYSTEM
Authors:   State University of Intellectual Technologies and Communications, Pochernyaev Vitaly , Kadatska Tetiana ,   State University of Intellectual Technologies and Communications
Published: April 2021

The article provides a method for calculating the costs when designing a promising embodiment of a low-bit satellite system. For Ukraine, the prospects for this option lies in the fact that their own means of achieving a large number of satellites in orbit are applied. At the same time, satellites are multifunctional and used to organize communication and broadcasting, the sounding of the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth, subsurface locations, cosmic observation, data collection from the Internet sensors. The space group consists of mini, macro-, nanosterans, which are delivered to the orbit of a domestic rocket carrier into orbit. The technical and economic efficiency of the satellite system lies not only in the above advantages, but also in its hierarchical construction - combination of the root satellite, ministerial repeater, macrovers. The article provides an analysis of other low-bit satellite systems. A feature of the study of the combined LEO is the fact that the proposed construction of the satellite system allows the use of technological distributed registries as one of the through digital technologies. In digital transformation of the economy, the technology of distributed registers plays the same role as Internet things, cloud computing, 5G and Big Data technologies. The method of calculating the presented costs is to calculate the cost of the development, production and operation of the system at the stage of its design. The costs of developing space and ground segments are included in the total capital costs. The costs of developing a space segment are highlighted on the cost of developing a root satellite, a minivan-repeater, microscope. The same approach is also laid for the cost of exploitation of the space segment. When calculating the costs of the ground segment as the main component of earth stations, antenna systems, radio transmission microwaves and radio receiving microwaves, information processing devices, terminal equipment are taken as the main components of earth stations. The approximate cost of serial production of root sieuine, mini satellite, retrograder, microsatellite is indicated. The estimated cost of one minute of access in the studied combined LEO and in the existing "close" to the appointment of a low-bit satellite system is given.
THE IMPACT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROPERTY RELATIONS ON THE INSTITUTIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors:   Azerbaijan Tourism and Management University, Nazarov Vugar , Hajiyev Jamal ,   Azerbaijan Tourism and Management University, Ahadov Vasif ,   Azerbaijan Tourism and Management University
Published: April 2021

Local and foreign scientists are now paying growing attention to various issues of property and the philosophical and ethical, political, economic, institutional, social, psychological, and other aspects of its formation, taking into account the requirements of large-scale transformation, which primarily concern post-industrial areas of social development. In consequence, as modern studies rightfully point out, considering property relations, two general restrictions should be taken into account: this is an attempt to explain the absoluteness of their roles, the presence and content of all aspects of socio-economic relations by property relations; and the denial of the role of property as one of the most important factors determining the direction of social development in the present and future.This situation forces a new look at the economic policy of the state in this area, because any financial and monetary measures taken by the government will be doomed to failure if their implementation will be without interaction with the mechanisms of the private property system. The article defines the entrepreneurial sector of the region, its interaction with the institutions of the market system operating in all sectors and spheres of the region's economy, and also shows the influence of the development of property relations on the institutions of entrepreneurship.
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF COMBATING CORRUPTION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Rysin Vitaly , Bukovska Nataliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: April 2021

Corruption in Ukraine has been widespread since the country's independence and remains one of the destructive factors for economic development. The traditional way to combat this problem in Ukraine has been the adoption of various laws and regulations, as a result, today there are more than a hundred such acts, which in general do not significantly affect the current situation. No less important problem is the specifics of the perception of corruption in Ukraine, in some areas it is considered almost the norm. The article aims to study the relationship between the spread of corruption in Ukraine and the movement of shadow financial flows, as well as to develop recommendations on ways to minimize the role of corrupt revenues as a source of capital formation. The article describes the types of liability for corruption crimes provided by the current legislation of Ukraine, describes the areas of the economy where corruption is greatest, and leads to a significant reduction in the efficiency of their operation. The dynamics of the corruption perception index in Ukraine were analyzed in comparison with a number of other countries, which allowed determining its slow downward dynamics. The decisive role of corruption as one of the key factors of illicit enrichment of public figures and the formation of shadow capital, in general, has been identified, and the effectiveness of law enforcement efforts to combat corruption has been described. The system of anti-corruption measures should be comprehensive and include some measures both to punish crimes and to create financial barriers to the movement of shadow financial flows and the legalization of proceeds from corruption. The implementation of an effective anti-corruption policy is largely related to the use of economic methods to combat this phenomenon, including increased transparency in tax and customs spheres, market management methods of state-owned enterprises and the land market, and revision of approaches to remuneration of civil servants. An equally important role in such a system should be played by information policy, which is designed to raise awareness of market participants about their rights and to form a clear negative perception of corruption in society.
STAFF MOTIVATION THROUGH TRAINING
Authors:   National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, Linkova Olena
Published: April 2021

The article examines the importance of staff motivation to ensure the flexibility of the enterprise. The purpose of the company's development is to accelerate the processes of adaptation to market changes. A model of personnel motivation based on the implementation of the training system is proposed, which contains: research of market demand and consumer values; audit of human resources; formation of a system for teaching skills to the project evaluating the effectiveness of the training program. The necessary conditions for effective motivation are: a positive relationship between the manager and subordinates; education system; corporate culture. Value orientations (endowing people with positive qualities; treating employees as a constantly developing personality; recognizing and positively using individual differences; effectively expressing and using possible feelings; emphasizing real behavior; using status only for organizational purposes; trust in people; willingness to defend one's point vision and take risks; consideration of participation in this process as important for the effective execution of the task; emphasis on cooperation) are maximally taken into account in the proposed model of personnel motivation through training. Measures to minimize the risks of implementing the training system: teamwork; formation of a structural unit of trainers; signing of long-term agreements on certain training programs. Effective implementation of the personnel training system will create a basis for motivation and ensure business success by: improving the results of personnel planning; improvement of the personnel selection system; make the most of the potential of the personnel in achieving the goals of the organization; create a positive social and psychological climate in the team; improve the qualifications, sense of professional responsibility and initiative of the staff; awareness of the social significance of the results obtained and the prestige of this work. The prospect of further research in this direction is the improvement of training techniques for managers.
ANALYSIS OF THE ASSESSMENT OF THE STANDARD OF LIVING OF UKRAINIANS BY ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Vivchar Oleksandra , Skip Roksolana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: April 2021

One of the important tasks of any country is to raise the living standards of the population. The article analyzes a number of economic indicators that characterize the living standards of the population of Ukraine, some of them (real GDP, average wages, housing) were compared with the values of other countries. Analyzing the change in real GDP, we found a positive trend in recent years, but comparing it with other countries, we can conclude that GDP at purchasing power parity in Ukraine is quite low. In addition, an assessment of the financial situation of Ukrainians was made by comparing such economic categories as: the level of average wages and the inflation index. The study found that the income level of Ukrainians did increase during 2010-2020, except during the crisis period, which means an improvement in the financial situation of the population. However, comparing the level of the average wage in Ukraine with the value of the same indicator in other countries, we understand that in Ukraine wages are critically low and need to be increased. The article also analyzes such an economic phenomenon as unemployment. This problem has existed in Ukraine throughout the period of its independence, at different times it has been acutely acute. Given the above, we can assume that the population of Ukraine is poorly provided with jobs, which worsens the living standards of Ukrainians. Socioeconomic issues of security, accessibility and quality of housing are important. Examining the last criterion of well-being of Ukrainians, it was found that almost 90% of the population of Ukraine is provided with their own housing, but most of them live in terrible conditions, and in some cases dangerous. In view of this, the housing issue needs special attention from the government and an urgent solution. The article provides recommendations for improving the living standards of Ukrainians.
MODERNIZATION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION MECHANISMS IN THE PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Management, Vovk Svetlana , Vovk Tatyana ,   Donetsk State University of Management
Published: April 2021

Today it is becoming obvious that ensuring high and sustainable rates of development of the country, achieving strategic goals of national significance is impossible without an interested partnership between the state and the private sector. Currently, programs focused on the use of budget funds do not allow ministries and departments to implement large-scale, strategic projects. At the same time, the growing weight, the growing importance of social infrastructure, the responsibility of the state for its development in conditions of insufficient financial opportunities, make it necessary to update and improve investment tools in order to increase cost efficiency and better meet the needs of society. Taking this into account, the use of reserves to improve the effectiveness and quality of Public Administration mechanisms in the medical sphere requires solving certain theoretical and practical problems, to which we refer: determining the content of the effectiveness of Public Administration mechanisms in the country's health system; determining the main theoretical and methodological factors that determine the conditions, trends and means of Public Administration mechanisms, that is, those basic provisions and tools that determine the development of PPP in the healthcare sector; scientific substantiation of mechanisms for using these factors to improve the efficiency of the medical industry and the state of Public Health. In practice, the fact that state, municipal and private health systems should be considered as elements (subsystems) of a larger entity – the National Health System-is often forgotten or ignored. The system of Organization of medical care to the population is a complex combination of programs, institutions, institutions that are designed to solve various tasks: from the treatment of acute and chronic diseases to prevention, from individual treatment to measures aimed at improving public health, from primary health care to inpatient treatment, from the provision of dental services to the treatment of occupational diseases, etc.
DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD
Authors:   University of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, Izmaylov Yaroslav , Yegorova Iryna ,   State University of Economics and Technology
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the article is to consider the issues and prospects for the development of public-private partnership in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and limited investment resources. It is proved that a new and quite effective form of integration cooperation of public sector enterprises and private business is the mechanism of public-private partnership, which has not become widespread in Ukraine and in other countries due to the complex mechanism of its implementation. It is substantiated that the urgent task for the public and private sector is to develop an optimal mechanism of cooperation through the involvement of private investment funds in infrastructure projects, search for foreign investors and partners, development of public-private relations. It is established that the most popular areas for PPP projects are the social sphere (education, medicine), transport (road infrastructure, rail transport, sea and river ports, airports), energy (construction and reconstruction of power plants, management of energy facilities) and utilities. economy (water supply, sewerage systems). It is proved that the main reason for the popularity of PPP projects is the constant need for financial resources, which are always lacking in the public sector, minimizing risks for all stakeholders, which reduces the burden on the state budget of Ukraine. The most urgent problems that create obstacles for the development of PPP in Ukraine and the world are outlined. It is proposed to improve PPPs for synergetic interaction between the public and private sectors in the direction of creating a base and foundation to ensure the possibility of expanding financial resources to the budget sphere, through national and foreign investments, which will improve the quality of goods and services population.