bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persistently learning: How small-world network imprints affect subsequent firm learning
Authors: Ni Sullivan Bilian , Tang Yi , Marquis Christopher
Published: August 2014

We integrate and extend organizational imprinting and organizational learning theories in a study of how firms’ small-world networks at founding have enduring effects on firm learning. We show that firms embedded in networks having denser clustering and shorter path lengths at founding are subsequently more inclined toward exploratory learning. We also demonstrate that subsequent network positions (closeness centrality and structural holes) strengthen the initial small world network imprinting effect. Results based on a sample of US venture capital firms from 1995 to 2003 largely support our hypotheses. Contributions to imprinting theory, the organizational learning literature, and inter-firm network studies are discussed.
The Arts Connection
Authors: Cain Beverlyn , Dixon John A.
Published: August 2014

Artist-in-residency experiences (puppetry, creative drama, music, and movement) indicated a connection with emotional transformative learning as a venue for professional development. This small teacher practitioner-based study involved teacher participants engaged in four-weeklong artist residencies at four childcare centers. Thirteen teachers participated in a presurvey phase and eight teachers participated in a postsurvey phase designed to measure their attitudes and beliefs about how children learn. Teachers’ presurvey responses indicated firm beliefs in a direct instruction approach to teaching young children while postsurvey responses showed movement toward a facilitator approach to children’s learning. Four informal teacher interviews with 2 of the 13 teachers at one of the four centers suggested emotional transformative learning in an artist-in-residency experience allows teachers to begin to understand that attitudes, feelings, and beliefs are a part of change.
Veteran Transfer Students and Concealed Weapons on Campus
Authors: Pesetski Christine , Ofstein Jennifer , Outlaw Stacy , Brooks Racheal
Published: August 2014

This case details the challenges faced by various members of a 4-year university regarding Kathryn, a non-traditional transfer student and military veteran who recently returned from a traumatic deployment in Afghanistan. Precisely, this study identifies ambiguities pertaining to (a) threat assessment, (b) university weapons policies, (c) transfer students from community colleges to 4-year institutions, (d) military veteran students, (e) awareness and treatment of student mental health concerns, and (f) student residential issues. The case presents educational leaders with a detailed narrative of various campus stakeholders and promotes discussion of topics related to university policy, veterans’ affairs, and campus safety.
A revised spreading model of the West Philippine Basin
Authors: Sasaki Tomohiro , Yamazaki Toshitsugu , Ishizuka Osamu
Published: August 2014

The West Philippine Basin (WPB) occupies the western part of the Philippine Sea (PHS) plate. The WPB is generally considered to have opened from approximately 50 to 30 Ma at the CBF rift; however, the detailed spreading history of the WPB is not yet clear. In particular, the origin and age of the southern subbasin, the Palau Basin, are unknown. To better understand the initiation and early evolution of the Izu-Bonin (Ogasawara)-Mariana arc, knowing the configuration of the PHS plate at that time is necessary. In this study, we examine the spreading history of the WPB using newly acquired three-component magnetic anomaly and swath bathymetry data, as well as existing datasets. In the WPB south of the CBF rift, the observed magnetic anomalies correspond to Chron C16r to C21n (approximately 36 to 46 Ma). Prevailing models of the WPB reconstruction show a decrease in the spreading rate from 4.4 to 1.8 cm/year since C18n.2n (approximately 39.5 Ma). Our research, however, indicates that the change in the spreading rate is not required to correlate the observed magnetic anomalies to the geomagnetic polarity reversal timescale. The age of the spreading cessation in our interpretation, approximately 36 Ma, is several million years older than in previous estimates, and the spreading ceased progressively from southeast to northwest along the CBF rift. In the Palau Basin, seafloor fabrics and magnetic lineations trend N-S, which indicates E-W seafloor-spreading. Based on 40Ar/39Ar age, we suggest that the magnetic lineations correspond to polarity reversals from C18n.1n to C15r (approximately 38.5 to 35 Ma). The spreading of the Palau Basin may have been coeval with that of the WPB near the CBF rift, although their spreading directions are different.
Diabetic foot risk factors in type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional case control study
Authors: Nehring Piotr , Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska Beata , Krzyżewska Monika , Sobczyk-Kopcioł Agnieszka , Płoski Rafał , Broda Grażyna , Karnafel Waldemar
Published: August 2014

Background

Diabetic foot is a serious condition in patients with a long lasting diabetes mellitus. Diabetic foot treated improperly may lead not only to delayed ulceration healing, generalized inflammation, unnecessary surgical intervention, but also to the lower limb amputation. The aim of this study was to compare diabetic foot risk factors in population with type 2 diabetes and risk factors for diabetes in healthy subjects.

Methods

The study included 900 subjects: 145 with diabetic foot, 293 with type 2 diabetes without diabetic foot and 462 healthy controls matched in terms of mean age, gender structure and cardiovascular diseases absence. Study was conducted in Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland. In statistical analysis a logistic regression model, U Mann-Whitney’s and t-Student test were used.

Results

The binomial logit models analysis showed that the risk of diabetic foot in patients with type 2 diabetes was decreased by patient’s age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-0.96; p = 0.00001) and hyperlipidaemia (OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.36-0.81; p = 0.01). In contrast, male gender (OR = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.86-4.28; p = 0.00001) diabetes duration (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.03-1.06; p = 0.0003), weight (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.03-1.06; p = 0.00001), height (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.05-1.11; p = 0.00001) and waist circumference (OR = 1.028; 95% CI: 1.007-1.050; p = 0.006) increase the risk of diabetic foot. The onset of type 2 diabetes in healthy subjects was increased by weight (OR = 1.035; 95% CI: 1.024-1.046; p = 0.00001), WC (OR = 1.075; 95% CI: 1.055-1.096; p = 00001), hip circumference (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05; p = 0.005), overweight defined with body mass index (BMI) above 24,9 kg/m2 (OR = 2.49; 95% CI: 1.77-3.51; p = 0.00001) and hyperlipidaemia (OR = 3.53; 95% CI: 2.57-4.84; p = 0.00001).

Conclusions

Risk factors for Type 2 diabetes and diabetic foot are only partially common. Study proved that patients who are prone to developing diabetic foot experience different risk factors than patients who are at risk of diabetes. Identification of relationship between diabetic foot and diabetes risk factors in appropriate groups may help clinicians to focus on certain factors in diabetic foot prevention.
Physiological conditioning by electric field stimulation promotes cardiomyogenic gene expression in human cardiomyocyte progenitor cells
Authors: Llucià-Valldeperas Aida , Sanchez Benjamin , Soler-Botija Carolina , Gálvez-Montón Carolina , Roura Santiago , Prat-Vidal Cristina , Perea-Gil Isaac , Rosell-Ferrer Javier , Bragos Ramon , Bayes-Genis Antoni
Published: August 2014

The optimal cell lineage for cardiac-regeneration approaches remains mysterious. Additionally, electrical stimulation promotes cardiomyogenic differentiation of stimulated cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that electrical conditioning of cardiomyocyte progenitor cells (CMPCs) might enrich their cardiovascular potential. CMPCs were isolated from human adult atrial appendages, characterized, and electrically stimulated for 7 and 14 days. Electrical stimulation modulated CMPCs gene and protein expression, increasing all cardiac markers. GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4) early transcription factor was significantly overexpressed (P = 0.008), but also its coactivator myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) was upregulated (P = 0.073) under electrical stimulation. Moreover, important structural proteins and calcium handling-related genes were enhanced. The cardioregeneration capability of CMPCs is improved by electrical field stimulation. Consequently, short-term electrical stimulation should be a valid biophysical approach to modify cardiac progenitor cells toward a cardiogenic phenotype, and can be incorporated into transdifferentiation protocols. Electrostimulated CMPCs may be best-equipped cells for myocardial integration after implantation.
An integrated approach to evaluating the suitability of the Potosi Dolomite as a carbon sequestration target
Authors: Leetaru Hannes E. , Smith Valeri , Adushita Yasmin , Freiburg Jared T.
Published: August 2014

The Cambrian-age Potosi Dolomite of the Knox Group in Illinois is a significant reservoir target for the sequestration of carbon dioxide ([Formula: see text]). The Potosi was originally deposited in a shallow intertidal to subtidal environment and has a major diagenetic overprint of karst processes. There were vuggy intervals (up to 2.1-m [7-ft] thick) present that have caused lost circulation of drilling fluid to occur when penetrating through these intervals. This article used data from Decatur, Illinois, to illustrate a case study of integrating well data, core, and 3D seismic reflection data inversion to create a reservoir model, extrapolating the 3D seismic porosity cube to a larger area beyond the 3D seismic volume and then performing reservoir simulation of [Formula: see text] injection into the Potosi. A waste injection project approximately 64 km (40 mi) to the east suggested that high volumes of [Formula: see text] injection are possible. Project results illustrated that seismic inversion might reduce the uncertainty of the distribution of the lost circulation intervals. The reservoir flow simulation suggested that the Potosi is a viable target for [Formula: see text] sequestration.
Climate, duration, and mineralogy controls on meteoric diagenesis, La Molata, southeast Spain
Authors: Li Zhaoqi , Goldstein Robert H. , Franseen Evan K.
Published: August 2014

We isolated the impact of climate, duration, and mineralogy on porosity enhancement and cementation associated with seven surfaces of subaerial exposure in Miocene carbonate strata of southeast Spain. We integrated new and published petrographic and geochemical studies on the same strata to quantify the approximate impact of each event of subaerial exposure. The results quantified that only minor dissolution and/or cementation occurred when subaerial exposure was short-lived ([Formula: see text] thousand years) and in an arid climate, or when carbonate sediments were composed primarily of calcite. For such exposure surfaces, alteration was confined to the uppermost 0.5–2 m with 2%–5% porosity from dissolution and 3% cementation. After deposition of the last Miocene carbonate sequence, dolomitization and dissolution occurred during the initial stages of sea-level fall, associated with mixing during influx of meteoric water. This resulted in dissolution to create 10%–20% porosity over 83% of the platform system, and this indicated that even incipient subaerial exposure can lead to major porosity enhancement during times of high freshwater recharge and hydrogeology that promotes mixing. During a long-lived period of subaerial exposure (greater than 5.3 million years) associated with wet climate, major amounts of cementation reduced porosity in the phreatic zone and some porosity was enhanced in the vadose zone. This included 25% freshwater calcite cement affecting 53% of the platform. Dissolution during and after calcite cementation was approximately 8% throughout the platform. These observations predict that duration and climate combine to have the most significant impacts on porosity associated with subaerial exposure.
Forbidden Vertices
Authors: Angulo Gustavo , Ahmed Shabbir , Dey Santanu S. , Kaibel Volker
Published: August 2014

In this work, we introduce and study the forbidden-vertices problem. Given a polytope P and a subset X of its vertices, we study the complexity of linear optimization over the subset of vertices of P that are not contained in X. This problem is closely related to finding the k-best basic solutions to a linear problem. We show that the complexity of the problem changes significantly depending on the encoding of both P and X. We provide additional tractability results and extended formulations when P has binary vertices only. Some applications and extensions to integral polytopes are discussed.
Older people and alcohol use
Authors: Bakhshi Savita , While Alison E.
Published: August 2014

The proportion of older people drinking alcohol above the recommended levels has been increasing in the UK. Alcohol dependency and misuse can lead to various physical and psychological problems for older people. A range of factors can influence alcohol dependency and misuse among older adults, which need careful consideration when interventions are being developed to reduce consumption. Interventions to reduce alcohol consumption among older people can include: home visits, telephone support, mentoring, one-to-one and group programmes, family and community engagement programmes, outreach programmes, and targeted support groups focused on education and social activities. There is a need for the training of community nurses focused on improving the detection (screening and assessment), treatment and service provision for older people.
The district nursing service: a national treasure
Authors: Oldman Crystal
Published: August 2014

District nurses are a national treasure. They are the key professionals who will enable the agenda of patients being cared for at home to be realised. They are highly trusted and valued by communities who lead and manage teams of nurses and nursing assistants expertly to deliver high-quality care in the patient's own home. In an era where the focus is now turning to the community for more care, more actions are required to increase our district nursing workforce. This article discusses the above issues in relation to recent reports on the current status of community nursing.
An introduction to echocardiography in the clinic
Authors: Dickson Dave
Published: August 2014

Echocardiography is a vital tool for clinicians, allowing safe, non-invasive assessment of cardiovascular structure and function. This article reviews the indications for echocardiography along with a brief introduction to technique, as well as echocardiographic findings in common presentations of small animal cardiovascular disease in general practice.
Lower airway endoscopy in the cat: an introductory guide
Authors: Robertson Elise
Published: August 2014

Laryngoscopy, tracheoscopy and bronchoscopy (the latter two terms collectively called ‘tracheobronchoscopy’) are valuable procedures for investigating causes of feline lower airway disease. These procedures can also be valuable therapeutic interventions allowing for the removal of foreign objects from the trachea and bronchi. Lower airway endoscopy is most rewarding when the veterinary surgeon has a sound understanding of feline airway anatomy, equipment, anaesthetic protocols and various techniques to maximise diagnostic information and sample yield. As with any skill, practice is key.
Using ICT in observations
Authors: Brodie Kathy
Published: August 2014

While there is concern about the amount of time children spend in front of flat screens, technology is an increasing presence in the early years, whether used as practitioner tool or as a learning aid.
Differential spatial distribution of arthropods under epiphytic lichens on trees
Authors: Martinez Jean-Jacques Itzhak , Raz Reut , Mgocheki Nyembezi
Published: August 2014

Epiphytic lichen thalli on trees may protect arthropods - herbivores or their natural enemies. Although the relationships between lichens on the forest floor to arthropods have been widely studied in boreal regions, those between epiphytic lichens and the arboreal arthropod fauna in temperate and Mediterranean climates are poorly investigated. In particular it is unknown if the animals use lichens differently located on different part of the trees. Our results indicate that numerous arthropods, herbivores and predators, may live in epiphytic lichen cover, and that more of them are found on the trunk than on old or young branches: an average of 2000 individuals were found under each meter square of the thallus covering the trunk of 20 trees, but fewer on branches. In particular more insects from more Orders were detected on trunks than on branches. We propose that this issue should be investigated further to clarify the exact status of epiphytic lichens in arthropod biodiversity conservation.
Influence of the Determination Methods of K and C Parameters on the Ability of Weibull Distribution to Suitably Estimate Wind Potential and Electric Energy
Authors: M. Mouangue Ruben , Y. Kazet Myrin , Kuitche Alexis , Ndjaka Jean-Marie
Published: August 2014

The modeling of the wind speed distribution is of great importance for the assessment of wind energy potential and the performance of wind energy conversion system. In this paper, the choice of two determination methods of Weibull parameters shows theirs influences on the Weibull distribution performances. Because of important calm winds on the site of Ngaoundere airport, we characterize the wind potential using the approach of Weibull distribution with parameters which are determined by the modified maximum likelihood method. This approach is compared to the Weibull distribution with parameters which are determined by the maximum likelihood method and the hybrid distribution which is recommended for wind potential assessment of sites having nonzero probability of calm. Using data provided by the ASECNA Weather Service (Agency for the Safety of Air Navigation in Africa and Madagascar), we evaluate the goodness of fit of the various fitted distributions to the wind speed data using the Q – Q plots, the Pearson’s coefficient of correlation, the mean wind speed, the mean square error, the energy density and its relative error. It appears from the results that the accuracy of the Weibull distribution with parameters which are determined by the modified maximum likelihood method is higher than others. Then, this approach is used to estimate the monthly and annual energy productions of the site of the Ngaoundere airport. The most energy contribution is made in March with 255.7 MWh. It also appears from the results that a wind turbine generator installed on this particular site could not work for at least a half of the time because of higher frequency of calm. For this kind of sites, the modified maximum likelihood method proposed by Seguro and Lambert in 2000 is one of the best methods which can be used to determinate the Weibull parameters.
The Steiner tree problem revisited through rectifiable G-currents
Authors: Marchese Andrea , Massaccesi Annalisa
Published: August 2014

The Steiner tree problem can be stated in terms of finding a connected set of minimal length containing a given set of finitely many points. We show how to formulate it as a mass-minimization problem for 1-dimensional currents with coefficients in a suitable normed group. The representation used for these currents allows to state a calibration principle for this problem. We also exhibit calibrations in some examples.
An analogue of Leindler's theorem for hexagonal Fourier series
Authors: Guven Ali
Published: August 2014

Let

ℳ
α

$\mathcal {M}_{\alpha }$

be the class of moduli of
continuity defined by Leindler in
[Studia Sci. Math. Hungar. 14 (1979), 431–439],
and

H

ω
α

(

Ω
¯

)

$H^{\omega _{\alpha }}(\overline{\Omega }) $

be the generalized Hölder
class of functions on the closure of the regular hexagon Ω, where

0
<
α
≤
1

$0<\alpha \le 1$

and

ω
α

∈

ℳ
α

$\omega _{\alpha }\in \mathcal {M}_{\alpha }$

. The
difference

f
-

𝒱
n
λ

(
f
)

$f-\mathcal {V}_n^{\lambda }(f) $

is estimated in
the uniform norm

∥
·
∥

C
(

Ω
¯

)

$\Vert \cdot \Vert _{C(\overline{\Omega })}$

and in the generalized Hölder norm

∥
·
∥

ω
β

$\Vert \cdot \Vert _{\omega _\beta }$

, where

𝒱
n
λ

(
f
)

$\mathcal {V}_n^{\lambda }(f) $

is the nth generalized de la Vallée-Poussin mean of
hexagonal Fourier series of

f
∈

H

ω
α

(

Ω
¯

)

$f\in H^{\omega _{\alpha }}(\overline{\Omega }) $

and

0
≤
β
<
α
≤
1

$0\le \beta <\alpha \le 1$

.
From cognitive-functional linguistics to dialogic syntax
Authors: Du Bois John W. , Giora Rachel
Published: August 2014

Dialogic syntax investigates the linguistic, cognitive, and interactional processes involved when language users reproduce selected aspects of a prior utterance, and when recipients respond to the parallelisms and resonances that result, drawing inferences for situated meaning. The phenomenon typically arises when a language user constructs an utterance modeled in part on the utterance of a prior speaker or author. The result is resonance, defined as the catalytic activation of affinities across utterances. This paper presents the concept of dialogic syntax and outlines some directions of current research on dialogic resonance, as represented in this Special Issue.
Towards a dialogic construction grammar: Ad hoc routines and resonance activation
Authors: Brône Geert , Zima Elisabeth
Published: August 2014

In this paper, we take a Construction Grammar approach to Du Bois' concept of resonance activation. We suggest that the structural mapping relations between juxtaposed utterances in discourse, described in terms of diagraphs in dialogic syntax, can acquire the status of ad hoc constructions or locally entrenched form-meaning pairings within the boundaries of an ongoing conversation. We argue that the local emergence of these ad hoc constructions involves the same cognitive mechanism described for the abstraction of conventional grammatical constructions from usage patterns. Accordingly, we propose to broaden the scope of Construction Grammar to include not only symbolic units that are conventionalized in a larger speech community, but also a dimension of online syntax, i.e. the emergence of grammatical patterns at the micro-level of a single conversation. Drawing on dialogic data from political talk shows and parliamentary debates, we illustrate the spectrum of these ad hoc constructional routines and show their local productivity, which we take as an indication of their (micro-)entrenchment within a given conversation.
Some prime factorization results for free quantum group factors
Authors: Isono Yusuke
Published: August 2014

We prove some unique factorization results for tensor products of free quantum group factors.
They are type III analogues of factorization results for direct products of bi-exact groups established by Ozawa and Popa.
In the proof, we first take continuous cores of the tensor products, which satisfy a condition similar to condition (AO), and discuss some factorization properties for the continuous cores.
We then deduce factorization properties for the original type III factors.
We also prove some unique factorization results for crossed product von Neumann algebras by direct products of bi-exact groups.
Carrousel in family and\break non-isolated hypersurface singularities in ℂ3
Authors: Michel Françoise , Pichon Anne
Published: August 2014

We study the boundary

L
t

${L_{t}}$

of the Milnor fiber for the
reduced holomorphic germs

f
:

(

ℂ
3

,
0
)

→

(
ℂ
,
0
)

${f:(\mathbb{C}^{3},0)\rightarrow(\mathbb{C},0)}$

having a non-isolated singularity at 0. We prove that

L
t

${L_{t}}$

is a graph manifold by using a new technique of carrousels depending on one parameter. Our results enable us to compare the topology of

L
t

${L_{t}}$

and of the link of the normalization of

f

-
1

⁢

(
0
)

${f^{-1}(0)}$

.
Polycomb and Trithorax group protein-mediated control of stress responses in plants
Authors: Kleinmanns Julia Anna , Schubert Daniel
Published: August 2014

A plant’s experience of abiotic or biotic stress can lead to stress memory in order to react faster and more efficiently to subsequent stresses. Molecularly, the memory of a stress can rely on stable inheritance through mitotic and meiotic cell divisions, thus epigenetic inheritance. The key epigenetic regulators are DNA cytosine methyltransferases and the Polycomb group (PcG) and Trithorax group (TrxG) proteins, which control numerous developmental processes. PcG and TrxG proteins act antagonistically on stable gene repression through mediating trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and H3K4me3, respectively, and target thousands of genes in plants, including many genes responsive to stress. The role of PcG/TrxG proteins in regulating stress responses and memory, however, is just emerging. While it is well investigated that stress can induce changes of histone modifications at genes regulated by stress, it is largely unclear whether these changes are mitotically and/or meiotically heritable, hence confer somatic and/or transgenerational stress memory. As the literature on the role of DNA methylation in regulating stress responses has recently been extensively summarized, we focus this review on the current knowledge on the role of PcG and TrxG in stress responses and memory.
Analyzing structure and function in humor: Preliminary sketch of a message-centered model
Authors: Miczo Nathan
Published: August 2014

Utilizing Attardo's general theory of verbal humor and Meyer's rhetorical functions of humor, as well as insights from conversation analysis, this paper presents a model linking form and function in conversational humor. In the model, an initial pair of incongruous scripts (i.e., a script opposition) is activated as membership categories are referenced in the set-up. The punch- or jab-line introduces a second script opposition that “resolves” or makes sense out of the first opposition in terms of preference organization (presenting either a preferred or dispreferred response). When examining conversational humor, those preferences have implications in terms of uniting or dividing interlocutors. If the resolution aligns with the preferred entity/activity of the set-up, then the effect should be unifying. If the resolution does not align (i.e., is dispreferred), then the effect should be divisive. The model is used to analyze two jokes and two conversational sequences.
An Optimal Path in an AGV-based Manufacturing System with Intelligent Agents
Authors: Fazlollahtabar Hamed , Shafieian S. Hosna
Published: August 2014

This paper concerns with the design of a computer integrated manufacturing system to identify an optimal path in a vehicle routing problem (VRP) network regarding to triple criteria. In most VRPs just one criterion, either time or cost was considered in decision making. But in this paper all time, cost, and AGV capability are noticed in decision making, simultaneously. Recently automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are being applied in material handling process that travels on a network of guide paths. To satisfy a material requirement planning (MRP) by providing the bill of material (BOM), AGVs are suitable devices. In this paper an AGV is employed to carry the parts based on the BOM, therefore the AGV is confronted with various paths in the shop network in a job shop layout. For controlling the time, cost, and AGV capability, intelligent agents are proposed. To decide about selection of the optimal path which is confined in time, cost, and AGV capability, mathematical programming approach is applied. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated using two illustrative examples.
Die Unbegrifflichkeit von „Leben“ in der Begrifflichkeit der Ethik
Authors: Toepfer Georg
Published: August 2014

„Leben“ ist - als Gegensatz zu „Tod“ - ein im Alltagsdenken evaluativ positiv aufgeladenes Wort, von ihm ist in vielen ethischen Debatten die Rede und es bildet eine zentrale Kategorie zur Abgrenzung eines Bereichs der Ethik, der Bioethik - und dennoch ist „Leben“ für die Begründung von ethischen Systemen meist kein zentraler Begriff. In dem Beitrag wird dafür argumentiert, dass „Leben“ überhaupt am besten nicht als Begriff, sondern als absolute Metapher im Sinne Hans Blumenbergs zu verstehen ist: Es bezeichnet etwas Vieldimensionales und Selbstreferenzielles, von dem nie in bloß terminologischer Bedeutung gesprochen und das damit nicht vollständig diskursiv eingeholt werden kann. In ethischen Debatten fungiert die Lebendigkeit meist nicht als unbedingter Wert, sondern als Bedingungsgut zur Realisierung von Werten, das selbst immer zur Disposition steht. Auch in Bezug auf die menschliche Existenz stellt „Leben“ eine nicht ethisch, sondern ontologisch fundamentale Kategorie dar, nämlich ein Kontinuitätsprinzip, das für die Identität und Individualität von Menschen konstitutive Sortal.
Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ahmad Yousif , Lip Gregory YH ,   Honorary Research Fellow,   Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, B18 7QH, England, UK. E: g.y.h.lip@bham.ac.uk
Published: August 2014

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at increased thromboembolic risk, and they suffer more severe strokes with worse outcomes. Most thromboembolic complications of AF are eminently preventable with oral anticoagulation, and the increasing numbers of AF patients mean antithrombotic therapy is the most crucial management aspect of this common arrhythmia. Despite the proven efficacy of warfarin, a string of limitations have meant that it is underused by physicians and patients alike. This has prompted a search for new anticoagulants that could overcome many of the inconveniences of dose variability and anticoagulant monitoring associated with warfarin, but without sacrificing efficacy in thromboprophylaxis. The arrival of new oral anticoagulants has been complemented by improved risk stratification schemes, which permit clinicians to easily and reliably identify patients requiring anticoagulation and their bleeding risk. These advances in AF treatment will hopefully translate into improved outcomes for patients, especially as our experience with the new agents grows.
Use and Abuse of Internal Cardioverter Defibrillators for Primary Prevention
Authors: Silverstein Joshua R , Katritsis Demosthenes G , Josephson Mark E ,   Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US,   Athens Euroclinic, Athens, Greece; St Thomas’s Hospital, London, UK,   Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Pilgrim Road, Baker 4, Boston, MA 02215, US. E: mjoseph2@bidmc.harvard.edu
Published: August 2014

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. Internal cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) have been developed to treat potentially life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Multiple randomised trials have been completed to assess the efficacy of primary prevention ICDs in selected populations. In response to the randomised, controlled trials guidelines have been established to help guide physicians in choosing appropriate patients who may benefit from primary prevention ICDs. Unfortunately, many patients who currently fall within the guidelines are either not represented in the clinical trials or disregarded. The morbidity associated with ICD implant is also overlooked and the cost-benefit analyses are exaggerated in favour of ICD implant. This review article summarises major clinical trials addressing primary prevention ICDs, and also highlights the evidence supporting the use and abuse of ICDs.
Observations and Considerations on Patient X-ray Exposure in the Electrophysiology Lab
Authors: Jiang Xianxian , Dekker Lukas RC ,   Scientist, Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands,   Cardiologist, Department of Cardiology, Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. E: lukas.dekker@catharina_ziekenhuis.nl
Published: August 2014

To assess patient radiation during catheter ablation procedures and operator differences. From 84 patients (51 males, age 63 ± 10 years) undergoing complex catheter ablation by three experienced operators we collected: body mass index (BMI), procedure type and time, fluoroscopy time, dose area product (DAP), air kerma and X-ray system setting (cine, collimation and angiographic imaging angle). A new factor, fluoroscopy DAP–fluoroscopy time ratio, was introduced to compare operator differences. The results show the average procedure time was 179 (± 57) minutes (min), fluoroscopy time was 31 (± 21) min, DAP was 26.4 (± 19.6) Gy.cm2and air kerma was 0.26 (± 0.19) Gy. Procedure types were: pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) (52 %), redo PVI (11 %), pulmonary vein ablation catheter (PVAC) (14 %), ventricular tachycardia (VT) (8 %) and others (15 %). Inter-operator difference was observed in fluoroscopy and cine usage. Fluoroscopy DAP-time ratios showed a similar level of patient radiation dose rate by operator A and B (correlation: 0.89), and a significantly higher dose rate by operator C (correlation: 0.20, p<0.001; 0.26, p<0.01, to operator A and B). In conclusion, operators should be aware of patient radiation exposure levels and the influencing factors. Inter- and intra-operator differences can be measured and bench marked for improvement in X-ray efficiency and patient radiation reduction.
ESTUDO DA VARIAÇÃO MORFO-SEDIMENTAR DOS CANAIS DE DESPESCA DE UMA FAZENDA DE CULTIVO DE CAMARÃO E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Ferraz Danilo L. M. , Costa Neto Leão Xavier da
Published: August 2014

Este estudo é produto do projeto apresentado a Diretoria de Pesquisa do Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Rio Grande do Norte (CEFET/RN) em seu Programa Institucional de Iniciação Científica, bem como é parte do Plano de Monitoramento Ambiental proposto no EIA-RIMA da empresa de carcinicultura Camarus Aquacultura do Nordeste Ltda, localizada no município de Galinhos, litoral setentrional do RN, que prevê o monitoramento dos seus dois canais de despesca (CD 1 e 2) por um período de 2 anos, se estendendo até maio de 2006. Este trabalho se refere a 5 meses de monitoramento - maio a outubro de 2004. O CD 1 e 2 apresentam extensões de 2.500 e 1.000m, respectivamente;

largura média de 10 m e uma profundidade média de 2,5m. A metodologia de trabalho consta de levantamento planialtimétrico mensal dos canais através de 6 perfis transversais com Estação Total, determinação semi-quantitativa das áreas de erosão e/ou sedimentação,

coleta de água, análise de sólidos suspensos (SS) e caracterização textural dos sedimentos. O CD 1 mostra pontos de erosão e/ou deposição caracterizados como não significativos. No CD 2 não há evidência de erosão/deposição, mantendo um equilíbrio morfológico.

Portanto, os perfis não mostram variações morfológicas significativas em escala temporal de pequena amplitude, ou seja, mensal, bimestral ou semestral. A maior concentração de SS na água ocorre em direção a montante uma vez que as correntes de marés apresentam menores velocidades. Nos perfis próximos a foz os SS apresentam menores concentrações. Os sedimentos do centro dos canais em perfis próximo a foz são areias e cascalhos, enquanto em direção a montante ocorrem lamas. Nas suas margem predominam lamasarenosas. A variação morfo-sedimentar dos CDs está associada aos seguintes fatores: configuração geométrica irregular com curvas em ângulos acentuados, penetração das

fortes correntes de marés, atividade de despesca e precipitação pluviométrica.

Palavras-chave: carcinicultura, canais de despesca, erosão, sedimentação e meio ambiente.
DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL E MANEJO DA CAATINGA NO ASSENTAMENTO HIPÓLITO, EM MOSSORÓ/RN
Authors: Pereira E. D. G. , Lima E. M. A. , Souza F. C. S. , Paulino M. S. M. , Santos J. B. , Silva W. G. , Bezerra G. S. , Nóbrega M. L. S. , Silva D. A. M. , Filha F. G. T. , Oliveira M. A. , Martins J. C. V.
Published: August 2014

Nas últimas décadas tem havido uma preocupação muito grande com o tipo de desenvolvimento que vem sendo implementado pelos governos. A partir daí, criou-se a

noção de desenvolvimento sustentável, o qual se baseia em um crescimento econômico que seja acompanhado por eqüidade social e prudência ecológica. Em muitos projetos de

assentamentos têm sido desenvolvidos pesquisas com o objetivo de analisar como vem se processando tais experiências. Nossa investigação teve como meta verificar os impactos sócio-ambientais trazidos a partir do uso da caatinga no assentamento Hipólito, no município de Mossoró, no Oeste do RN. Preocupou-nos saber se naquele projeto de

assentamento tem ocorrido um desenvolvimento local, baseado em critérios de sustentabilidade. A metodologia empregada foi a realização de entrevistas com 29

assentados, o que corresponde a 20% da população total do assentamento, além de leituras de outros trabalhos e artigos de jornais. O trabalho está em fase de conclusão, porém a

partir de estudos de campo, realizados no mês de agosto de 2004, podemos apresentar os seguintes resultados: quanto ao aspecto sócio-econômico, os assentados têm na agricultura

de sequeiro a atividade econômica principal; a produtividade é baixa e a renda é complementada com “bicos”, aposentadorias e/ou com o dinheiro advindo dos planos de

assistência social do Governo Federal; a agricultura é realizada sem os devidos cuidados com o meio ambiente, e o desmatamento desordenado tem agravado ainda mais os

problemas presentes no bioma caatinga, tais como salinização, a desertificação e o desaparecimento de espécies da fauna e da flora. Face ao exposto, podemos concluir que a

realidade observada no assentamento aponta para a insustentabilidade sócio-econômica e ambiental naquela área.

Palavras-chave: sustentabilidade; caatinga; assentamento; desenvolvimento rural; desenvolvimento local.
A MÁQUINA DE TORTURA: UMA SÍNTESE DOS EFEITOS DO VESTIBULAR NA EDUCAÇÃO E NA SOCIEDADE
Authors: Amorim Júnior Roberto Fernando de , Moura Dante Henrique
Published: August 2014

O presente artigo trata de discutir uma das formas de acesso ao ensino superior mais utilizado no Brasil: o vestibular. A partir de várias leituras e de experiências anteriormente

vivenciadas, concluímos que o vestibular vem causando danos à nossa educação. Tais danos revelam-se na prática bancária de ensino dentro das salas de aula, no aumento das

diferenças sociais, na falta de democracia no acesso às universidades, no desprestígio da função do educador, no aumento da fragmentação do conhecimento e na desconstrução de uma educação emancipadora. Diante disso, propomos neste artigo algumas políticas para

superar essas dificuldades, enfatizando uma educação que proporcione condições igualitárias de acesso à educação superior para todos.

Palavras-chave: ensino, vestibular, educação.
TEXTOS TELEVISIVOS NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: A COPA DO MUNDO DE 2002
Authors: Silva Welington Araújo
Published: August 2014

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal descrever a prática de dois professores de educação física frente aos textos televisivos referentes à Copa do Mundo de 2002. Infere-se que os professores de educação física utilizam os textos midiáticos televisivos como um elemento a mais da sua prática pedagógica, porém, sem a necessária reflexão e

aprofundamento dos elementos que o compõem. Diante disso, recomenda-se que os cursos de formação inicial e continuada de professores de educação física tratem dos aspectos comunicacionais midiáticos e que ocorram diálogos permanentes com outros campos do conhecimento que tenham aproximação com o campo midiático. Pesquisas do tipo participante e grupos de estudos devem ser estimulados.

Palavras-chave: prática pedagógica; educação física; discurso midiático.
AVALIAÇÃO DE SATISFAÇÃO DE CLIENTE: PROPOSTA DE UTILIZAÇÃO DO COEFICIENTE DE CORRELAÇÃO DE CONCORDÂNCIA
Authors: Filgueira João Maria
Published: August 2014

Este trabalho desenvolve uma discussão sobre modelos e técnicas de avaliação de satisfação do cliente, buscando contribuir na melhoria desta avaliação. Parte-se do estudo

da literatura nacional e internacional sobre avaliação da satisfação, aí incluindo modelos relacionados a índices de satisfação, e desenvolve-se um estudo utilizando-se dados

estatísticos de pesquisas de satisfação no turismo em Natal/RN. As principais conclusões apontam para a utilização do Coeficiente de Correlação de Concordância como forma de

contribuir na avaliação da satisfação.

Palavras-chave: concordância, estatística, média, qualidade, regressão, reprodutibilidade.
AVALIAÇÃO DA NECESSIDADE DO REÚSO DE ÁGUAS RESIDUAIS
Authors: Costa Djeson Mateus Alves da , Barros Júnior Antônio Carlos de
Published: August 2014

O objetivo desse trabalho foi, por meio uma pesquisa bibliográfica, apresentar um relato sobre a importância do racionamento do consumo de água através de seu reúso, descrever o ciclo global da água e quantificar seus principais reservatórios na terra, identificar as fontes potencialmente poluidoras das reservas hídricas, apresentar os aspectos críticos sobre a disponibilidade e o consumo de água no mundo, mencionar as tecnologias aplicadas no tratamento para posterior reúso das águas residuais. Nesse sentido, são

apresentadas formas de reúso direto, indireto, planejado e de reciclagem das águas residuais aplicáveis na indústria, na agricultura, em edifícios, na recarga de aqüíferos e em

usos urbanos para fins potáveis.

Palavras-chave: Água, residuais, reúso, ciclo e reciclagem.
EDUCAR CIDADÃOS HOJE: CONSTRUIR O FUTURO. RECONQUISTAR A SOCIEDADE CIVIL. CONVERTER A ESCOLA E OS LUGARES DE CONVIVÊNCIA EM ESPAÇOS E TEMPOS DE VIDA
Authors: Martínez Maria Josefa Cabello
Published: August 2014

Este artigo aborda um duplo desafio enfrentado pela educação na atualidade: o tema da educação para a autonomia e a participação em si mesma, por um lado e, por outro, visa fomentar o debate entre educadoras e educadores que, como trabalhadoras e trabalhadores da escola pública, ou seja, da instituição mais visivelmente utilizada por todos, são o principal recurso para alimentar razoavelmente a esperança em um futuro social construído por cidadãs e cidadãos. O texto trabalha a relação entre a cidadania e a sociedade civil, tomando a cidade (a comunidade) e a escola em sentido amplo, como espaço público de ambas. Assim, a

educação é considerada ao mesmo tempo oportunidade, condicionante e possibilidade de reconstrução de novas cidadanias. O conteúdo se vai construindo a partir de indagações sobre três temas básicos: as concepções, os requisitos sociais e as estratégias curriculares que podem apoiar atualmente uma educação para a cidadania.

Está estruturado em cinco partes: O significado da educação cidadã hoje. As relações escola pública - sociedade civil. As relações cidadania-sociedade civil-comunidade.

Propostas organizativas e curriculares para a construção da cidadania e a sociedade civil.
ASPECTOS RELEVANTES DAS COLUNAS DE FLOTAÇÃO
Authors: Oliveira M. L. M. de , Aquino J. A. de
Published: August 2014

A flotação é um dos processos de concentração mais utilizados na indústria mineral, possibilitando o aproveitamento de minérios complexos e/ou de baixo teor de forma econômica e com rendimentos satisfatórios. A importância desse processo tem motivado o desenvolvimento de novos equipamentos dentre os quais se destaca a coluna de flotação. As melhorias substanciais das características dos concentrados obtidos nas colunas em diversas unidades industriais, operando com diferentes tipos de minérios, somadas ao melhor desempenho metalúrgico e à economia nos custos de capital e de operação, demonstram a importância desse equipamento para a indústria mineral. Tais fatores têm sido decisivos para a aplicação das colunas em processos de flotação, tanto para novos projetos, como para expansões industriais. O sucesso das instalações industriais de colunas de flotação depende substancialmente das bases consideradas no scale up e do projeto do equipamento. O primeiro passo consiste na realização de teste de flotação em uma unidade piloto que permita definir as condições de flotação e os resultados que serão obtidos. Os parâmetros definidos em escala piloto são aplicados a modelos matemáticos específicos que permitem o escalonamento e projeto final. Esses modelos assumem simplificações que

acarretam diferenças na resposta metalúrgica das colunas industriais, quando comparadas aos resultados dos testes piloto. Além disso, as colunas de flotação são operadas

freqüentemente de forma similar às células mecânicas convencionais sem considerar as diferenças entre esses equipamentos, principalmente no que se refere à geometria (relação altura/diâmetro efetivo), à adição de água de lavagem, a ausência de agitação mecânica e ao sistema de geração de bolhas, contribuindo para obtenção de rendimentos metalúrgicos inferiores aos esperados. Apresenta-se neste trabalho uma abordagem específica sobre os principais problemas encontrados na operação de colunas industriais.

Palavras-chave: flotação, coluna, scale up.
HUMANIZAÇÃO HOSPITALAR: A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE LAZER EM INSTITUIÇÕES PSIQUIÁTRICAS
Authors: Trindade Driele Cendon
Published: August 2014

Este estudo situa-se dentro de uma necessidade de analisar as possibilidades de contribuição de um profissional de lazer em instituições hospitalares psiquiátricas, por ser um grupo segregado da sociedade, estimulando a inclusão social, através de vivências de lazer. Assim, tem-se como objetivo diagnosticar as contribuições no processo de humanização hospitalar, possibilitando os interesses culturais do lazer – cultural, social, físico, intelectual e manual - aos pacientes portadores de transtorno mental de um hospital do município do Natal-RN, melhorando a socialização e contribuindo para a melhora da qualidade de vida dos mesmos. Este estudo é referenciado por explanações dos conteúdos envolvidos, partindo da idéia de humanização através do lazer, o processo de humanização hospitalar, seguindo para a trajetória da doença, a reforma psiquiátrica e principalmente a

contribuição do profissional de lazer no processo dessa humanização, baseando-se nas principais pesquisas que estão sendo feitas na área de psiquiatria em todo país e de autores ligados diretamente à área do Lazer como Marcellino, Dumazedier e Werneck. A metodologia utilizada para a concretização do mesmo foi o estudo de caso através de

observações diretas não-participantes e assistemáticas, por meio de um estudo detalhado da convivência semanal durante o período de out 2004/maio 2005 com o cotidiano hospitalar da instituição psiquiátrica. Através das análises realizadas, pode-se perceber que o papel do profissional de lazer no processo de humanização hospitalar fica caracterizado pela necessidade de democratizar as atividades de lazer contribuindo para todo um quadro social oriundo de uma revolução do mesmo. Esta iniciativa além de abrir novos rumos para o profissional de lazer, contribuirá para fomentar as pesquisas sobre lazer na área de saúde que são escassas.

Palavras chave: Lazer, Humanização Hospitalar, Saúde Mental.