bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of VO2max between Bharatanatyam and Kuchipudi Dancers
Authors: N Siva Jyothi , P Senthil Selvam , Ramesh Gopaldas
Published: May 2021

Dance is the good form of exercise, the movement of the body in a rhythmic way to music and within a given space, for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement itself which the body is capable. Though Bharatanatyam and Kuchipudi may look similar to the untrained eye, there are many differences which affect the mechanics of movement among practitioners of both art forms. The purpose of this study is to assess the vo2 max of Bharatanatyam and kuchipudi dancers and to find out whether there is any difference in the vo2 max between both the dancers. Total of 30 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were taken for study; Group A (n=15) Bharatanatyam dancers. Group B (n=15) kuchipudi dancers. Queen’s college step test was used to assess the vo2 max. Pre and post-test heart rate was measured and vo2 max calculated. Statistical analysis was tested with t test at 95% level of significance (p<0.05). The result of the present study suggest that there is no significant difference in the aerobic capacity among Bharatanatyam (Group A) and Kuchipudi (Group B) Dancers when assessed with Queen’s College Step test.

Key words: Bharatanatyam, Kuchipudi, Cardio respiratory fitness, VO2 max, Queen’s college step test.
Pulmonary Koch in 4 Months Old: Congenital or Acquired?
Authors: Tripathi Priyasha , Raghuwanshi Surendra Singh
Published: May 2021

4 months old female child presented to us with complaints of fever, cough, cold, and poor weight gain. On examination the child had failure to thrive (weight 2.75kg, length 52cms, head circumference 35cms, weight for length <-3SD), cachexic look, severe respiratory distress (bilateral chest retractions and nasal flaring), hepatosplenomegaly, delayed milestones with low birth weight (2.07kg), continuous low grade fever. Mother was an open case of pulmonary Koch, taking antitubercular treatment since 6 months. Investigations revealed anemia, neutrophilia with reactive CRP, raised transaminases, pulmonary fibrosis and cavitary lesions in chest x-ray with normal CSF examination. Mantoux was reactive with gastric aspirate and cerebrospinal fluid negative for TB bacilli in GeneXpert. So the question arises, is it congenital or acquired?

Key words: congenital TB, hepatosplenomegaly, respiratory distress, failure to thrive.
Historical Perspective of Kshara Sutra
Authors: Mohan Nidhin , Gupta Ajay Kumar
Published: May 2021

Kshara sutra is one of the para surgical procedures in Ayurveda and it has been proven as an effective and first choice of treatment in the management of Fistula-in-ano. The preparation of Kshara sutra has undergone many changes and has passed through various stages before it reached the present standard of scientific manufacturing. Now Kshara sutra is considered as simple, safe and sure treatment modality for Fistula-in-ano

Key words: Kshara sutra, Fistula-in-ano.
A Rare Clinical Presentation of Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Deshmukh Raiba , Barase Avishkar , Kirane Kshitij
Published: May 2021

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, transmural inflammatory disease of GIT. It can involve any part of alimentary tract from mouth to anus but mostly affects small intestine and colon (1). Early diagnosis and prompt management of this condition is required to avoid high morbidity and mortality. We present a rare clinical presentation of Crohn’s disease.

Key words: Knowledge and practice, child survival strategies, mothers, south Nigeria.
Impact of Pinch Strength Training along with Postural Education on Upper Extremity Functional Performance among Dentist
Authors: Dhinju B Simulia , M Paulraj , Devi K Manjula
Published: May 2021

Background: Dentists are required to maintain a high level of precision during manual scaling, polishing and Flossing. As a result of sustained griping activity finger and wrist pain are more common among Dentists. Therefore the excess pinch force, leads to musculoskeletal disorders which in turn affects the functional ability.
Study design: An Experimental study.
Materials & Methods: The sum of 30 Dental professionals were selected under inclusion criteria into this study, ages between 20 to 35 years with decrease in pinch strength and functional abilities. Selected subjects were randomly allocated into two groups such as experimental group (Pinch strength training and conventional exercise) and control group (Conventional Exercises - Postural corrective exercises, active range of motion exercises, shoulder bracing and shoulder shrugging exercise, Ergonomics advices) were given. The outcome tools used are Modified Sphygmomanometer test and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaires (DASH). The Statistical analysis of pre &post test values were analyzed using paired & unpaired ‘t’ test.
Result: The result of this study shows that Group A using Pinch strength along with Postural Education were found to be effective over the control group, where only the postural education were done (p <0.0001).
Conclusion: Therefore this study concludes that Pinch strength training along with Postural education were proven to be significant in improving Pinch strength and Functional performance among Dentist.

Key words: DASH Questionnaires, Functional disabilities, Modified Sphygmomanometer test and Pinch strength training.
Awareness and Attitude regarding Cardiovascular Diseases among the Adolescents Studying in Grade 12 in Makawanpur Multiple Campus in Nepal
Authors: Nepal Manju , Pokharel Bandana , Nepal Parbati
Published: May 2021

Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. It is crucial to detect risk factors and behaviors throughout childhood and adolescence to advocate as a strategy to reduce risk of CVD in adulthood. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness and attitude regarding Cardiovascular Diseases among the Adolescents Studying in Grade 12 in Makawanpur Multiple Campus in Nepal.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional analytical study was conducted among 135 adolescents studying in grade 12 in Makwanpur Multiple Campus, Hetauda, Nepal. The selection of study site was done purposively. A structured self-developed questionnaire was used to assess the awareness on cardiovascular disease and five-point Likert scale to assess attitude regarding cardiovascular diseases were used. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for data analysis. Both descriptive (frequency, percentage, and mean) and inferential statistics (chi-square) were used to analyze the data.
Results: Among 135 respondents, 17(12.6%) respondents had inadequate awareness, 52(38.5%) had moderate awareness and 66(48.9%) had adequate awareness. The mean awareness on cardiovascular disease was 11.90±2.83. Similarly more than half of respondents 69(51.1%) had favorable attitude toward cardiovascular disease.
A statistically significant association between gender of the respondents and awareness level was found as Chi-square p value less than 0.05 (p=.011) at 5% level of significance. Similarly, statistically significant association between family history of CVD and attitude on cardiovascular disease was found at 5% level of significance (p value=.027).
Conclusion: Nearly half of respondents had adequate level of awareness regarding cardiovascular diseases whereas more than half of respondents had favorable attitude toward cardiovascular disease.

Key words: Adolescent, Attitude, Awareness, Cardiovascular Diseases.
Knowledge and Attitude towards Safe Abortion among Undergraduate Students in Jana Bhawana Campus, Lalitpur, Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Nirmala , Nepal Manju , Shrestha Niran
Published: May 2021

Background: Unsafe abortion is one of the health issue of the reproductive age women. In spite of abortion legalization, woman’s access to safe abortion is based on the knowledge related to safe abortion. Knowledge is essential part which equip women to get services and prevent from complications of unsafe abortion.
Materials and methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted with the objective to identify the knowledge and attitude on safe abortion among bachelor level student. Non probability total enumerative sampling technique was used to select the sample. Total of 310 respondents were included in the study. The structured pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. Pearson chi-square was used to find out the association between demographic variables and knowledge on safe abortion.
Result: The result of the study showed that among the respondents majority 247(79.7%) were ≥20 years of age with mean age 21.4 years with SD 1.9. More than half 173(55.8) of respondents were female. Majority 193(62.3%) of the respondents had fair knowledge and nearly half of the respondents 154(49.7%) had positive attitude regarding safe abortion. Respondents’ knowledge on safe abortion were not significantly associated with their age, gender, marital status, ethnicity, type of family, area of residence and living arrangement.
Conclusion: Despite having fair level of knowledge among majority of respondents, it is seen that half of the respondents had negative attitude towards safe abortion. This shows that there is a need for educational intervention among undergraduate students in order to change their attitude.

Key words: Attitude, Knowledge, Safe Abortion, Undergraduate Students.
Utility of Chromogenic Medium in Characterization of Enterococci in Urinary Tract Infection and Phenotypic Detection of Their Virulence Factors
Authors: Soujanya Betu Rama , G S Banashankari
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Enterococci from being intestinal commensals have evolved in becoming pathogens and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality
Aims & Objectives: This study was done to speciate the uropathogenic Enterococci using the chromogenic medium and to determine the antibiogram also to detect virulence factors phenotypically.
Materials and methods: The study included a total of 30 uropathogenic Enterococci isolated over 6 months. Speciation was done using HiCrome Enterococcus faecium agar base. Antibiotic sensitivity was done by the Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Among the virulence factors hemolysin, haemagglutination, and gelatin liquefaction tests were done.
Results: Amongst the 30 enterococci isolates, 17 were Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) (56.66%) & 13 were Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) (43.33 %). 100% of the Enterococcus species were sensitive to Vancomycin & Teicoplanin. 66.67% of the Enterococci showed hemolysis, 10% haemagglutination, and 43.33% gelatinase property.
Conclusion: Most common isolated species were Enterococcus faecalis. The changing patterns of antibiotic sensitivity to Enterococci in patients with urinary tract infection possess difficulty in selection of the antibiotics. Failure to synergistic therapy is seen in cases of resistance to High-level Gentamicin. Therefore, speciation and antibiotic sensitivity patterns will help in setting up an empirical therapy and thereby help in the reduction of morbidity and mortality.

Key words: Antibiotic susceptibility, Chrome agar, Enterococcus species, virulence factors.
Effectiveness of Chest Physiotherapy on Cardio-Respiratory Signs & Symptoms in COVID-19 Positive Patients
Authors: Gadhawala Ayesha , Shah Sweety
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Covid-19 is considered as world pandemic disease in which patient suffers from several respiratory impairments along with weakness which affects overall body functions, thus aim of this review is to highlight role of chest physiotherapy in improving respiratory signs/symptoms of Covid-19 positive patients.
Method: The interventional study, convenient sampling with sample size of 41 subjects. Subjects of 35-80 years both male and female diagnosed with covid-19 positive were included in study. The exclusion criteria were any recent fracture, any medically diagnosed mental illness, neurological disorders and post covid-19 patients. The subjects are assessed of respiratory signs and symptoms like vital-signs, cough, dyspnea by American thoracic society grading of breathlessness, 1 minute sit to stand test, external oxygen supplement on the 1st day and again on 14th day physiotherapy administration for data analysis. The symptomatic chest physiotherapy was administered to each patient from day of reference until the discharge, 2 times in a day and 7 days/week.
Results: There was decrease in mean ATS dyspnea scoring, respiratory rate, cough and oxygen supplement and increase in mean 1 minute sit to stand repetition, oxygen saturation (spo2) from 1st day to 14th day of physiotherapy treatment which is statistically significant comparing within groups. There was no significant difference noted in pre and post heart rate values comparing within groups.
Conclusion: The study concluded that chest physiotherapy proved to be effective in improving the respiratory signs and symptoms and overall health of covid-19 positive patients.

Key words: Covid-19 positive, chest physiotherapy, cough, dyspnea, oxygen supplement.
Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Treatment on Clinical Features and Quality of Life of COVID-19 Positive Patients
Authors: Thakkar Vidhi D. , Shah Sweety
Published: May 2021

Background: World Health Organization has declared corona virus disease (COVID 19) a global pandemic. Fever, dry cough and breathlessness are the main manifestations. In addition, myalgia, muscle weakness, fatigue may render the patients unable to carry out activities of daily living (ADL) which affect patient’s QOL. Amongst health workers, physiotherapists are playing an important role in managing and caring novel COVID-19 patients in ICUs and also out there. Clinical features-Pain, Muscle weakness, Fatigue was assessed by following Numeric pain rating scale, Manual muscle testing, Fatigue assessment scale. Functional status and Quality of life of patients, measured by functional independent measurement scale, McGill Quality of life Questionnaire. So, aim is to provide evidence of physiotherapist involvement in managing COVID-19 infected patients.
Materials and Methods: Interventional study, simple random sampling with sample size of sixteen Covid 19 positive patients was done. Both male and female included. Patients who were mentally ill excluded. Oral consent was taken. Subjects were given physiotherapy treatment for 1 week. (Seven days) which include chest physiotherapy, Breathing exercises, early mobilization, Limb physiotherapy, Positioning etc. Clinical features of Covid 19-Pain, Muscle strength, Fatigue level, Functional status and Quality of life was measured before and after intervention. Wilcoxon test used to analyze data.
Results: Data of 16 subjects was analyzed. Result showed that significant decrease in pain, fatigue level and increase in muscle strength, functional status and QOL.
Conclusion: Physiotherapy treatment improves QOL and clinical features of covid 19 patients like pain, muscle strength, fatigue.

Key words: Physiotherapy, Pain, Muscle strength, Fatigue, functional level, QOL.
Breastfeeding Duration and Related Factors among Mothers in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ekwochi Uchenna , Ugochukwu Ebelechuku Francesca , Onubogu Chinyere Ukamaka
Published: May 2021

Background: Breastfeeding is beneficial to mothers, infants and society at large. The nutritional and non-nutritional benefits are gained when practiced in line with recommended durations.
Objective: The duration of breastfeeding and related factors among mothers of southeastern Nigeria were explored.
Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data analysis employed SPSS version 20.
Results: A total of 1,833 women were surveyed. Most (93.3%) were aged 20-40 years and had at least secondary education (94,6%). More than half (64.3%) were working class. Many had 1-4 children (91.5%) and a family size of ≤6 (74.2%). Up to 83.3% of the mothers breastfed for ≥12 months. Common reasons advanced for cessation of breastfeeding were pregnancy (29.8%), baby refusing to suckle (10.2%) or old enough to stop breastfeeding (18.0%). No reason for cessation was given for 22.4%. Mothers <20 years practiced non-exclusive breastfeeding or early introduction of complementary feeds, bottle-fed and were significantly least likely to breastfeed for up to one year.
Conclusion: A suboptimal number of Nigerian mothers breastfed for ≥12 months. Unscientific reasons were proffered for cessation of breastfeeding. Younger mothers practiced non-exclusive breastfeeding, bottle-fed and gave early complementary feeds, negatively affecting duration of breastfeeding. Sustained individualized health education is advocated to improve duration of breastfeeding and avail young children of its wholesome nutritional benefits.

Key words: Breastfeeding Cessation, Breastfeeding Duration, Lactation Cessation Determinants, Weaning Timing, Nutrition.
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Eye Donation among Students of Kathmandu University School of Management; A Cross-Sectional Online Survey
Authors: Maharjan Ratna Kumari , Bajracharya Nirmal , Awale Shanti
Published: May 2021

Background: The corneal blindness is the 4th most common cause of blindness all over the world lot of people were waiting for the corneal transplantation but there are only few donors. Availability of potential donors and attitude of eligible donors is the main factor that affects corneal supply.
Method: A descriptive cross sectional research design was carried out among 205 students with the mean age of 22.7 years using self-administered online questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the analysis of the data. P value was set at 0.05.
Result: It has been found that only 4% of the respondents had good knowledge regarding eye donation and more than 50% had moderate knowledge and about 40% had poor knowledge however 90% know that eye can be donated any age above one year. However, regarding attitude, about 70% had good attitude. But still 35% respondents had uncertain about willing to donate eyes after death. Regarding association, only source of information, had significant association with knowledge regarding eye donation. Other variables had no significant association.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study it has been concluded that most of the respondents had poor knowledge regarding eye donation. However, higher percentage of the respondents had good attitude. Information received from different source had significant association towards knowledge on eye donation but it seemed that though they received information from the media they could not answer correctly. It suggests that there is a need of community awareness program from health professionals.

Key words: Attitude, Eye Donation, Knowledge, Students.
Gossypiboma - A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Shaikh Faaizah , Mani Sujoy , Gursale Abhay
Published: May 2021

A surgical sponge is the most common type of retained foreign body (RFB) also known as a gossypiboma (gossypium = cotton, boma = concealment). It is mostly asymptomatic but can lead to a host of symptoms in the patient ranging from pain in the abdomen to anorexia and weight loss. It poses a diagnostic challenge not just for the surgeon but also the radiologist as it can mimic an intraabdominal mass. Here we present a case of a 58 yrs old male who presented with dysphagia and abdominal pain on and off who was radiologically diagnosed as a case of gastric mass and subsequently underwent exploratory laparotomy where it was proven to be a gossypiboma. The case attempts to highlight the importance of keeping gossypiboma as a differential diagnosis for patients with vague abdominal pain and history of a surgery in the past.

Key words: gossypiboma, sponge, abdominal pain, computed tomography, foreign body.
The Influence of Human Resource Competence, Implementation of Regional Management Information Systems and Organizational Commitment on the Performance of the Treasurer Performance on Regional Apparatus Organizational Expenditures with Ease of Use of Information Systems as Moderating Variables in the Government of Serdang Bedagai Regency
Authors: Napitupulu Siti Maimunah , Erwin Keulana , Khadafi Muammar
Published: May 2021

This study aims to examine and analyze whether human resource competence, implementation of regional management information systems (RMIS), and organizational commitment affect treasurer performance of regional apparatus organizational expenditures with ease of use of information systems as a moderating variable in the government of Serdang Bedagai Regency. The research used in this research is associative causality research using primary data. The sampling method is the census method by giving a questionnaire to the Treasurer of Expenditure Organization of the Regional Government of Serdang Bedagai Regency. The hypothesis testing method uses Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results showed that human resource competence and organizational commitment had a positive and significant effect on the treasurer performance of regional apparatus organizational expenditures. The implementation of RMIS had a positive and no significant effect on the treasurer performance of regional apparatus organizational expenditures in the Serdang Bedagai Regency. The variable ease of use of the information system can moderate the influence of human resource competence on the treasurer performance of regional apparatus organizational expenditures in the Serdang Bedagai Regency. However, it cannot moderate the effect of the implementation of RMIS and organizational commitment on the treasurer performance of regional apparatus organizational expenditures in the Serdang Bedagai Regency.

Keywords: Human Resources Competence, Implementation of RMIS, Organizational Commitment, Ease of Use of Information Systems.
Correlation of Oxidative Stress to Severity of Acute Organophosphorus Poisoning
Authors: Bashir Somia , Khan Firdous , Bashir Maria
Published: May 2021

Organophosphorus compounds may induce oxidative stress leading to generation of free radicals and alterations in antioxidant and scavengers of oxygen free radicals. The present study included one hundred and sixteen patients who had organophosphorus (OP) poisoning of 3-5 hours duration from the time of consuming the poison. The study focused to elucidate the role of free radicals in organophosphorus toxicity by estimation of various oxidative stress markers. The results of the study suggest significant alteration of these oxidative stress markers which in turn suggests significant free radical generation due to OP poisoning. This may be due to overuse failure of the antioxidant defence system secondary to excessive reactive oxygen species production.
The study also indicated that the incidence of poisoning was more common among males. Overall, the study found that accidental poisoning was far less than suicidal cases with homicidal cases being the rarest. Most of the patients belonged to rural areas.

Keywords: organophosphorus, oxidative stress.
A Rare Case of Broad Ligament Angioleiomyoma
Authors: Maheshwari Ujwala , Shweta Munot , Kaur Navdeep
Published: May 2021

Angioleiomyoma aka Vascular leiomyoma is a benign mesenchymal tumour originating from the smooth muscles and containing thick walled vessels. It is commonly seen in the subcutis of the lower extremities. Although a few cases of uterine angioleiomyoma have been reported, broad ligament angioleiomyoma is extremely rare.
Case History: 45 year old multiparous women presented to the OPD with complains of pain and mass in abdomen since 4 months. No history of menstrual irregularities was noted. Ultrasonography revealed a homogenous solid mass in lower abdomen region. The mass was hypodense. A provisional clinical radiological diagnosis of Broad ligament fibroid was made. The patient underwent a surgery for removal of broad ligament mass with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and specimen was submitted for histopathological examination.
Conclusion: Angioleiomyoma of broad ligament is an extremely rare diagnosis and should be diagnosed correctly with the help of IHC markers.It must be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis of abdominal mass associated with pain to be able to arrive at a correct diagnosis.

Keywords: Angioleiomyoma, broad ligament, vascular leiomyoma, mesenchymal tumour, broad ligament fibroid.
Analysis of the Effect of Company Size, Asset Growth, and Capital Structure on the Intrinsic Value of Property and Real Estate Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Panggabean Margareth Dorti , Muda Iskandar , Br Bukit Rina
Published: May 2021

The intrinsic value of a company refers to the real value of a company. Company value in the concept of intrinsic value is not just the price of a set of assets, but the value of the company as a business entity that has the ability to generate profits at a later date. In the company appraisal process, that how the capital structure can affect the value of the company or not, the presence of various risks, taxes, and other costs, as well as changes in leverage can increase the value of the company and reduce it. This study aims to analyze the effect of company size and asset growth through capital structure on the intrinsic value of companies in the property and real estate industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018 with a total sample of 37 companies. The results of the analysis in this study indicate that company size has a positive and significant effect on capital structure, asset growth has no effect on capital structure, company size and asset growth have a positive and significant effect on intrinsic value, while capital structure has no effect on intrinsic value, and firm size and asset growth there are no direct effect on intrinsic value through capital structure. This study also obtained the result that firm size is more dominant in supporting intrinsic values of Property and Real Estate Companies in Indonesia.

Keywords: Company Size, Asset Growth, Capital Structure, Intrinsic Value.
Analysis of Recruitment System and Effective Selection for Front-Line Staff Outsource at Pt Garuda Indonesia (Persero) TBK
Authors: Saragih Bobby Pratama , Nasution Harmein , . Iskandarini
Published: May 2021

PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) TBK is a state-owned company whose business focus is transportation services pax and cargo. In carrying out its business processes, the Garuda Indonesia Company has a cooperation with PT Perdana Perkasa Elastindo (Persaels) in providing outsourced labor for front-line staff. The performance evaluation data of the front-line outsource staff stationed at Garuda Indonesia Medan Branch for the last 3 years (2015, 2016 and 2017), it was found that around 40% of the total front-line staff did not show good performance according to the company's needs. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors exist in the dimensions of the recruitment and selection system that are constraints, and formulate an effective recruitment process design and selection for outsourced front-line staff by outsourced service providers. The requirements of front-line staff met with the company needs as outsourced service users. The data analysis used descriptive qualitative technique. The results of the research on several factors from the existing recruitment and selection dimensions indicate that the factors of Job description, Job Requirements, Sources of recruitment, interview process and consistency in the implementation of the selection test are factors that become obstacles in producing competent outsourced front-line staff according to the needs of the company PT Garuda Indonesia ( Persero) TBK.

Keywords: Recruitment system, front-line staff outsource, PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) TBK.
Correlation between TyG (Fasting Triglyceride-glucose) Index, TyG BMI Index & Liver Transaminases in Women with Polycystic Ovary Disease Syndrome
Authors: Gawade Gayatri Chandrashekhar , Wadadekar Geeta Shripad , Padwal Meghana Khandu
Published: May 2021

Background: Polycystic Ovary Disease Syndrome (PCOS) and NAFLD are interlinked with the common culprit i.e. Insulin resistance (IR). The triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) has been recommended as a reliable and simple surrogate index for IR. So we evaluated TyG index, TyG–BMI index as a marker of IR and its correlation with liver transaminases (ALT, AST) to detect NAFLD in women with PCOS.
Aim and Objectives: Correlation of TyG index and TyG-BMI index and liver transaminases (ALT, AST) in study groups.
Materials and methods: A prospective study was done on 25 participants (14 controls and 11cases of PCOS according to Rotterdam’s criteria). The TG, FBG, ALT and AST were analyzed on autoanlyzers. TyG -BMI index was calculated by the formula and correlation was done.
Result: The ROC Curve showed the optimal cut off value for TyG index as 4.55 and TyG –BMI index in PCOS as 104.76. The positive linear regression was 2.55 for TyG index indicating that test was associated with IR. TyG index has shown the better performance as compared to TyG BMI index. No significant correlation was found between TyG index, TyG BMI index and transaminases.
Conclusion: TG and FBG are inexpensive and routinely performed investigations. TyG index which can be easily calculated makes it the first choice screening alternative to detect risk of IR in PCOS women.

Keywords: PCOS, TyG -BMI index, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver transaminases
A Community Based Study on the Consequence of Polypharmacy in the Quality of Life among Geriatric Population
Authors: G Preetha , Manoj Sachin , Thomas Ansu
Published: May 2021

Polypharmacy is defined by the World health organization as “the administration of the many drugs at an equivalent time or the administration of an excessive number of drugs”. Polypharmacy is frequent among elderly as they often suffer from chronic diseases with concomitant pathologies. Polypharmacy is related to adverse outcomes including mortality, falls, adverse drug reactions, increased length of stay in hospital and readmission to hospital soon after discharge. The risk of adverse effects and harm increases with increasing numbers of medications. It is associated with decreased quality of life, self-rated health, mobility and functional ability as well as increases in hospitalizations, physiological distress, use of health care resources, mortality and costs. The study was prospective and observational and was conducted between the geriatric population in Mangalore. A total of 150 subjects were included in this study and the case reports were analyzed. Patient demographic details, patient drug chart and the medication-related quality of life (MRQoL) of the patients were analyzed. The subjects were selected according to the selection criteria and included individuals aged 60 years and above under a drug therapy with five or more drugs in numbers. Out of the identified subjects, 79 were male (52.7%) and 71 were female (47.3%). Out of this 150 subjects with polypharmacy, 44 individuals (22.7%) had major drug interactions. Patient safety is the most important aspect of health care system since the medicine can cure illness and at the same time harm the patient if not appropriately used. Clinical pharmacist can play a key role in promoting better medication use, ensuring that patients receive appropriate pharmacotherapy thus helps in minimizing the risk of unfavorable outcomes of pharmacotherapy.

Keywords: Polypharmacy, Quality of Life, Geriatrics, Drug Interactions, Clinical Pharmacist.
Code Mixing in Health and Hygiene Products Online Advertisements in Indonesia during
COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dewi Ratna Sari , Tarihoran Rezky Khoirina
Published: May 2021

During the Covid-19 Pandemic, sales figures for health and hygiene products increased sharply. To promote their products, manufacturers take advantage of online media as a promotional medium for reasons of cutting costs and effectiveness. Advertisers employ a variety of creative strategies, including language usage. Certain advertisements incorporate a foreign language, such as English, into the native language. Code mixing is a sociolinguistic study that examines what happens when two languages are mixed in the same sentence in a multilingual society. The purpose of this study was to determine whether code mixing can be used to create advertising appeals in several health and hygiene products online advertisements, which according to Belch include rational and emotional appeals. Throughout the 12 health and hygiene products examined, various forms of code mixing were used as a form of advertising appeal, both rational and emotional. Code mixing can be used deliberately, for example, to attract millennial consumers. However, it could also be coincidental, as there is no equivalent word in Indonesian.

Keywords: Code Mixing, Health and Hygiene Products, Online Advertisements.
Analysis of the Influence of Economic Growth, Government Expenditure and Investment on the Poverty in North Sumatra Province
Authors: . Marita , Hawariyuni Weni , Lubis Irsad
Published: May 2021

Poverty is one of the problems that become the center of attention in any country including Indonesia, especially North Sumatra Province. In poverty alleviation, the government is required to supervise supporting policies that can alleviate the poverty level. Factors that can alleviate poverty are economic growth, government expenditure, and investments made. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the influence of economic growth, government expenditure, and investment on poverty levels in North Sumatra Province. This type of research is ex post facto and associative. The type of data used is quantitative in the form of secondary data. The population of this study is variable data in districts/cities in North Sumatra Province, namely as many as 33 districts/cities during 2014-2018 and sample withdrawal used is cluster sampling so that the sample as many as 165 observations. The data analysis method used is to use multiple linear regressions using Eviews10.0 software. The results showed economic growth, government expenditure and simultaneous investment negatively and significantly affected the poverty rate in North Sumatra Province with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9938 or 99.38%. Partial economic growth has a negative and significant effect on the poverty rate in North Sumatra Province while government expenditure and investment have an insignificant negative effect on poverty in North Sumatra Province.

Keywords: Economic Growth, Government Expenditure, Investment, Poverty Level.
Effects of Pilates Breathing on Chest Expansion, Dyspnoea and Functional Capacity in COPD Patients - An Experimental Study
Authors: Wakde Gauri , Patil Prajakta
Published: May 2021

COPD is highly prevalent and not fully reversible. Hence there arises need for finding new significant treatment strategies for treating and preventing COPD. Pilates breathing is growing in both the area of fitness and rehabilitation, but there is scarcely any scientific research on Pilates breathing, particularly in the area related to respiration, with no research done in India. Pilates breathing if proved effective can be of great benefit in curing and rehabilitating respiratory conditions like COPD who present diaphragmatic muscle dysfunction, where it can be of maximum utility. Taking into consideration the progressive acceptance of the Pilates breathing and lack of its studies in COPD, the study was undertaken to study its effectiveness and inculcate it in routine rehabilitation of COPD patients if proven effective.

Keywords: Pilates breathing, COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chest expansion, dyspnoea, functional capacity, experimental study.
Tulsi - A Review Based Upon Its Ayurvedic and Modern Therapeutic Uses
Authors: Thakur Shifali , Choudhary Shailja , Walia Bhawna
Published: May 2021

Herbal plants are considered as the most significant source of medicines. These herbal plants are in practice from ancient times. Traditionally, all the parts of the plant are used for curing various diseases. One of the most important herbal plants is the Ocimum sanctum also called tulsi. This plant is considered a sacred plant in Indian culture and used for holy purposes as well. The name Tulsi comes from Sanskrit word which means "the incomparable one". Tulsi plant is not only used in ayurvedic medicines but also used in other medicinal systems in Greek, Roman and Unani. Apart from this, the Tulsi plant possesses different therapeutical properties due to the presence of several phytochemical constituents in its roots, stem, fruit, and leaves due to the presence of eugenol, vallinin, gallic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and many more. These phytochemicals are extracted from the plant and used to cure various types of diseases. Tulsi is reported to have properties like anti-ulcer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, anti-arthritic, analgesic, antistress, anti-asthmatic, antifertility, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective activity.

Keywords: Ocimum sanctum, phytochemicals, Eugenol, Tulsi, Ayurveda.
Identifications of Character Values from the History of Dokterswoning Cultural Heritage Buildings and Potentials for Learning History Resources in Schools
Authors: Amboro Kian , Setiawati Elis , Setiawan Adi
Published: May 2021

History learning is full of value, both from past stories that can be used as learning, as well as from the various traces left behind. The traces left by history have now become cultural heritage which has important meaning for human life. In the context of education, this cultural heritage has the potential to be used as a source of historical learning because it has important values and character values that can be developed. One of the cultural heritages found in Metro, Lampung is the Dokterswoning cultural heritage building. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with inductive methods, to produce general conclusions. The results showed that 1) Dokterswoning Cultural Heritage Building is a historical building from the era of the Dutch East Indies colonial government, which was built in 1939-1940 and is a residence for government doctors who were given the task of providing health services for colonists in Metro; 2) the important value of Dokterswoning as a source of historical learning lies in the contextual historical aspect and its existence as the guardian of a collective memory; 3) integrating the character values of the Dokterswoning Cultural Heritage Building into historical learning by the values of the national character in the Guidelines for the Development of Cultural Education and National Character and can be implemented according to Core Competencies and Basic Competencies in historical subjects. It is concluded that the history and heritage buildings of Dokterswoning have important values as sources of historical learning as well as some character values that can be developed in historical learning.

Keywords: moral values, character values, cultural heritage buildings, learning resources, history learning, history education.
Analisis Faktor Pendorong Minat Masyarakat Terhadap Usaha Peternakan Ayam Broiler Dengan Pola Kemitraan Di Kecamatan Karangpawitan Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Maryani Dewi , Herawati Ervi , Kusmayadi Tendy , Rohayati Tati , Nurhayatin Titin
Published: May 2021

Peternakan ayam broiler merupakan salah satu usaha peternakan yang memberikan kontribusi terbanyak dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pangan hewani di Indonesia, yang paling utama adalah meningkatkan pendapatan.Â  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis minat masyarakat terhadap usaha peternakan ayam broiler dengan pola kemitraan di Kecamatan Karangpawitan Kabupaten Garut, yang dilakukan pada bulan April 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode sensus, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 peternak. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, dengan jenis data dikuantitatifkan. Pengukuran minat masyarakat dalam beternak ayam broiler dengan menggunakan skala Liekert. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat masyarakat terhadap usaha ayam broiler di Kecamatan Karangpawitan Kabupaten Garut adalah modal (puas); jaminan pasar (sangat puas); jaminan harga dan nilai ekonomis (sangat puas). Faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah jaminan harga.Kata kunci: analisis, minat masyarakat, pola kemitraan, ayam broiler.
Pengaruh Imbangan Rumput Dan Konsentrat Terhadap Ukuran Tubuh Domba Garut Jantan Umur Lima Sampai Delapan Bulan
Authors: Maulana Ahmad , Hadist Ibrahim , Ayuningsih Budi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui imbangan rumput dan konsentrat terhadap ukuran tubuh Domba Garut umur lima sampai delapan bulan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2019 di UPTD BPPTDK Margawati Garut. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan enam ulangan. Ternak percobaan yang digunakan yaitu 18 ekor Domba Garut jantan umur lima sampai delapan bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa P3 (40% Rumput : 60%), berpengaruh terhadap lebar dada dan panjang badan akan tetapi tidak mempengaruhi terhadap lingkar dada dan tinggi pundak.Kata Kunci :Â  Rumput, Konsentrat, Ukuran Tubuh, Domba Garut.
Identifikasi Sifat-Sifat Kualitatif Dan Kuantitatif Ayam Pelung Jantan Pada Kontes Ayam Pelung Piala Rektor Universitas Garut
Authors: Ilahi Wahyu , Rohayati Tati , Herawati Ervi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi melalui identifikasi sifat-sifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif ayam pelung jantan pada kontes ayam pelung di Universitas Garut. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei (pengamatan langsung dilapangan) dengan cara pengambilan sampel secara acak yaitu 30% atau sebanyak 61 ekor sampel yang diamati dari 204 jumlah total peserta yang mengikuti kontes ayam pelung di Universitas Garut. Peubah yang diamati adalah sifat kualitatif : warna bulu dan warna shank, sifat kuantitatif : bobot badan dan panjang shank. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan analisis statistika deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan sifat kualitatif ayam pelung jantan pada kontes ayam pelung Piala Rektor Universitas Garut warna bulu dominan adalah merah-hitam sebanyak 42,62% dan warna shank dominan adalah warna abu-abu sebanyak 32,79%, sedangkan berdasarkan sifat kuantitatif menunjukkan rata-rata bobot badan ayam pelung jantan sebesar 4,18Â±0,37 kg dengan koefisien variasi 8,85% dan rata-rata panjang shank sebesar 11,16Â±0,72 cm dengan koefisien variasi sebesar 6,45%. Hal ini bermakna bahwa telah terjadi proses seleksi pada ayam pelung yang cukup baik. Kata Kunci : Ayam Pelung Jantan, Kualitatif, Kuantitatif.
Pengaruh Substitusi Dedak Padi Dengan Bonggol Pisang Terfermentasi Terhadap Sifat Fisik Pellet
Authors: Raharja Slamet , Nurhayatin Titin , Herawati Ervi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari substitusi dedak padi dengan bonggol pisangÂ  terfermentasi terhadap kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, berat jenis, dan sudut tumpukan pellet. Persiapan bahan dan Pengujian sifat fisik pellet dilaksanakan di Laboratorium terpadu Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Garut. MetodeÂ  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, yaitu : R0 (dedak padi 5%, bonggol pisang terfermentasi 0%), R1 (dedak Padi 3,75%, bonggol pisang terfermentasiÂ  1,25%), R2 ( dedak padi 2,5%, bonggol pisang terfermentasi 2,5%), R3 (dedak padi 1,25%, bonggol pisang terfermentasi 3,75%), dan R4 (dedak padi 0%, bonggol pisang terfermentasi 5%).Â  Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam dan bila hasilnya berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan untuk melihat perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi dedak padi dengan bonggol pisangÂ  terfermentasi berpengaruhÂ  terhadap kerapatan tumpukan dan kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, tetapi tidak berpengaruhÂ  terhadap berat jenis dan sudut tumpukan pellet. Perlakuan paling optimal yaitu pada perlakuan R1 (dedak padi 3,75%, bonggol pisang terfermentasi 1,25%).Kata kunci: Bonggol Pisang Terfermentasi, Pellet, Sifat fisik.
Patterns OF Prevention OF Malaria in Pregnancy Among Pregnant Women at Selected Antenatal Care Facilities, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: O.F. Ogungbesan , N.A. Okafor , J.O. Ogungbesan
Published: May 2021

Malaria in pregnancy is a preventable infectious disease, yet it remains the cause of maternal, in-utero morbidity and mortality. Pregnant women adopt different patterns of prevention against malaria occurrences and complications. This study aims to identify patterns of malaria prevention among pregnant women inIlishan Remo, Ogun State. In a descriptive cross-sectional study, a purposive sampling technique was used to proportionately select 271 pregnant women attending Ante-natal care (ANC) facilities. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtained information on 56 items. Data were collected on clinic days for eight weeks duration and analyzed with SPSS 23 (for descriptive frequencies and percentages) and hypotheses tested with chi-square at p ≤ 0.005. One-third (35.4%) of the pregnant women aged 31-35years. Predominantly, 80.8% of the women were Christians, almost half (49.1%) had tertiary education. The mean of preventive measures used by pregnant women was 27.16±0.25. Slightly half (52.4%) always net windows and doors, 38.4% always and 53.4% often cleared bushes around house respectively. About 30.3% of pregnant women often used IPT-SP and 19.9% used direct observation therapy (DOT). On the categorized prevention patterns, half (54.2%) used conventional and 6.64% non-conventional. There was a significant relationship between the patterns of prevention and ANC facilities (χ2 =20.291), beliefs (χ2 = 16.540) at p< 0.005. The patterns of conventional and non-conventional prevention were used by pregnant women. However, pregnant women should be advised to use the recommended FMOH/WHO standard malaria prevention for safety.
A Comparative Analysis of Marketing Strategies Adopted by Specialised and Deposit Money Banks in Oyo State Nigeria
Authors: J.A. Oluwaseun , S.O. Amos
Published: May 2021

Nigerian banking system is characterized by internal and external competition. The upsurge of new banks created room for innovation and further market sharing. A proxy to determine the extent of competition is the intensity of marketing strategies adopted by these banks in recent times. The strategies utilized by Specialized and Deposit Money Banks have been a subject of inquiry on whether they are alike or not. This work against the identified gaps, therefore, compares the marketing strategies adopted by specialized and deposit money banks and as well examines the effect of service quality management on performance of these banks. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire from a number of 102 bank staff in six purposely selected specialized and deposit money banks in Oyo state. SPSS was employed to aid the data analysis. Having analyzed the data, the study found out that there is an insignificant difference between the marketing strategies (promotion strategy, customer relationship management strategy and service quality) adopted by specialized and deposit money banks. Guided by the findings, the study recommended that new entrants going into banking and other financial institutions should stick to the various marketing strategies under the study with the most focus on service quality management. The work also offers that specialized banks need to have assurance, which refers to knowledge and courtesy of employees and their ability to inspire trust and confidence.