bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tecnologias Na Educação: O Uso Do Kahoot Para O Ensino Em Matemática
Authors: Neto Raimundo Cazuza Da Silva , Lima Layane Do Nascimento , Batista Wagner Roberto , Morais Andeson Carlos Santos , Lima Jéssica Milanez Tosin
Published: November 2024

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar o uso do Kahoot como ferramenta pedagógica no ensino de matemática, analisando suas contribuições para o engajamento dos alunos, avaliação formativa e os desafios de sua implementação. A metodologia foi exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, envolvendo entrevistas em profundidade com quinze professores selecionados por conveniência. Os resultados indicaram que o Kahoot aumenta significativamente o engajamento dos alunos, promove uma participação ativa e oferece feedback imediato, facilitando o monitoramento do progresso. No entanto, foram identificados desafios relacionados à infraestrutura tecnológica e ao tempo necessário para a criação de quizzes personalizados. A conclusão aponta que, embora o Kahoot seja eficaz no ensino de matemática, seu sucesso depende da integração equilibrada com métodos tradicionais e da superação das barreiras tecnológicas, tornando-se uma ferramenta valiosa quando utilizada de forma estratégica
Research Imperatives In Geography Education
Authors: Mohapatra Dr. Harapriya
Published: November 2024

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Análise Da Agroindustrialização Da Fruticultura Silvestre No Assentamento Rio Pirangi, Em Morros (MA): Uma Perspectiva Das Políticas Públicas
Authors: Correia Lindalva Silva , Figueiredo Raul Batista De , Hossoé Héric Santos , Pinheiro Lídio Lima , Hossoé Cassandra Maria Pereira , Nunes Walter Cezar
Published: November 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo principal avaliar a viabilidade da implantação de processos agroindustriais para valorizar a produção de frutas silvestres no Assentamento Rio Pirangi, localizado no Distrito do Povoado Bacaba, município de Morros, Maranhão. Através de uma análise detalhada, busca-se identificar os desafios e as oportunidades presentes nesse contexto, além de analisar o papel das políticas públicas no desenvolvimento dessa atividade. Para alcançar esse objetivo, a pesquisa se concentra em fazer uma caracterização do assentamento, incluindo sua produção atual de frutas silvestres, com a identificação de espécies nativas da região que apresentam maior potencial para comercialização, considerando aspectos como demanda de mercado, valor agregado e características produtivas com potencial comercial. Serão identificados os principais desafios enfrentados pelos agricultores familiares do assentamento, como acesso ao crédito, assistência técnica e infraestrutura. Por fim, com base nos resultados obtidos com a construção do plano de negócios, serão propostas ações e estratégias para o desenvolvimento da agroindustrialização da fruticultura silvestre no Assentamento Rio Pirangi, visando superar os desafios e aproveitar as oportunidades existentes.
Etude Comparative Des Systèmes De Prévention D'intrusion Pour La Protection D’un Réseau D’entreprise
Authors: Ruhozaho Par Ass. Alexandre Nteziyaremye
Published: November 2024

Actuellement, suite à l’évolution technologique, la plupart des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) se heurtent au défis de cyberattaques suite à l’usage de la connexion Internet non sécurisée ou sécurisé via l’anti-virus avec les mécanismes passifs qui ne nous garantissent pas leur mode de fonctionnement technique informatique sûr. Pour ce faire, plusieurs études ont été menées sur les attaques réseaux et la façon de protéger le réseau d’une entreprise adoptant ainsi des solutions passives telles que les HIDS, NIDS et NIPS qui présentent toujours des insuffisances même quand elles fonctionnent correctement à cause d’une mauvaise utilisation (DAGON, 2006). Et comme les systèmes de sécurité actuels ont tendance à intégrer les IDS et IPS directement dans les firewalls, et dans l’antivirus de façon à renforcer la coopération entre ces équipements de sécurité complémentaires, dans ce cas l’usage de la technologie antivirus et/ou les firewalls pour faire les tests dans notre étude. Ainsi donc, il est impérieux d’intégrer la sécurité appropriée pouvant leur faciliter la tâche pour bien améliorer leur système et leur mode de gestion au quotidien avec une garantie satisfaisante répondant valablement à leurs besoins. C’est pourquoi, nous allons faire une étude comparative des IPS logiciel (HIPS), pour voir de quelle manière les entreprises peuvent faire un bon choix et arriver à bien sécuriser leurs réseaux, parce que les entreprises sont toujours victimes d’attaques malgré le déploiement d’IPS surle réseau.
An Incidental Finding Of A Tumour In A Case Of Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris- A Case Report
Authors: Swathi Dr Kantipudi Sree , Prabha Dr Shraddha , A Dr Geeta Kiran
Published: November 2024

We report a 49-year-old man who had a progressive rash that covered 90% of his total surface area in a period of 5 years. Confluent scaly erythematous plaques, which started on the upper back and spread to involve the scalp, face, chest, and limbs. Notable observations were subungual hyperkeratosis and onychogryphosis in all nails, along with follicular keratotic papules with waxy keratoderma on the palms and soles. Biopsy from skin lesions were suggestive of PRP. A focal hypoechoic thickening at the base of the bladder was found during abdominal ultrasonography, which could indicate edema or a tumor. Histopathological examination of the removed tissue following TURBT revealed cystic urothelial nests that were consistent with Cystitis Cystica Glandularis (CCG), ruling out cancer. This case underscores the importance of a thorough investigation in patients with extensive dermatoses, highlighting a rare association between PRP and cystic bladder lesions
Microstomia- A Review Of Published Case Reports On The Proposed Management Of Microstomia
Authors: Shah Dr. Simran , Kundu Dr. Jyoti , Ruparel Dr. Bhargav , Anand Dr. Hriday
Published: November 2024

Introdcution: microstomia, or the reduction of oral opening, can indeed present challenges for patients across various contexts, from eating and speech to prosthetic treatment. It's essential for clinicians to understand the underlying causes and tailor their approach accordingly. By synthesizing existing evidence, this review aims to provide insights into the effectiveness and feasibility of different prosthetic interventions, thereby guiding clinicians in their decision-making process for optimal patient care. Materials and methods: published case reports and case series reporting on prosthetic rehabilitation of microstomia patients were included in the present review. Only cases with a reduction in the size of the oral aperture were included, and cases with reduced mouth opening with a normal oral aperture (e.g., oral submucous fibrosis, temporal-mandibular joint ankylosis, etc.) Were excluded. Case reports: (case report1) a 93-year-old woman without teeth was referred from the local hospital to the department of oral rehabilitation at the faculty of dentistry, university of otago, dunedin, new zealand. The woman's surgeries on her lower lip resulted in a significant reduction in the vertical opening distance between her upper and lower lips, now at 30 mm. This condition, known as microstomia. (case report 2) a 62-year-old male patient, completely without teeth, presented to the prosthodontic department due to functional difficulties. Discussion: a planned and step-by-step approach is crucial when dealing with cases of microstomia. The outcome greatly depends on the complexity of the case and the utilization of recommended materials and equipment hence, diagnosis and treatment planning play pivotal roles in the management process. Conclusion: although the utilization of flexible denture materials holds promise in enhancing patient comfort and treatment outcomes, further research is warranted to evaluate their long-term success rates. Longitudinal studies can furnish valuable insights into the durability, stability, and overall performance of these materials over time, assisting clinicians in decision-making and optimizing patient care.
Postoperative Complications And Recovery Time Following Laparoscopic Appendectomy: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Mostafa A B M
Published: November 2024

Background: Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) has become the preferred method for treating acute appendicitis due to its minimally invasive nature, reduced postoperative complications, and faster recovery times. This study aimed to evaluate postoperative outcomes, complications, and recovery metrics following LA in a single-center in Bangladesh. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 100 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy from April 2021 to January 2024 at 250 Bed District Hospital, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh. Data were collected from medical records, including demographic information, clinical presentation, intraoperative findings, and postoperative outcomes. Patients with incomplete records or those who underwent open appendectomy were excluded. The primary outcomes measured were postoperative complications and recovery time. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and multivariate analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Results: The majority of patients (35%) were aged 18-29 years, with a slight male predominance (54%). Simple appendicitis was observed in 66% of cases, while 30% had complicated appendicitis. The mean operative time was 30-60 minutes in 58% of cases, and only 7% required conversion to open surgery. Postoperative complications included surgical site infections (12%) and intra-abdominal abscesses (8%), both statistically significant. The majority of patients (55%) had a hospital stay of 2-3 days, and 56% returned to normal activities within 8-14 days. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with increased complication rates. Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendectomy is a safe and effective procedure in managing acute appendicitis, with favorable outcomes regarding postoperative complications and recovery times. Comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes are significant predictors of complications, emphasizing the need for comprehensive preoperative evaluation. LA remains a reliable choice, even in resource-constrained settings like Bangladesh
Application Of Genomic Signal Processing To Detect Cancer Cells
Authors: Fathima Syeda Maryam , Sulatan Amreen , Sultana Nuzath , Syeda Rabiya Mohammadi
Published: November 2024

In the field of signal processing, a new area of research has been introduced namely genomic signal processing (GSP). GSP processes genes, proteins, and DNA sequences using various hidden signals. As some genetic abnormalities turn into cancer diseases, proper understanding, and analysis of genes and proteins may lead to a new horizon in cancer genomic study. In genomic signal processing, identifying and classifying the diseased gene is a great challenge to researchers. Hence in the present paper, the crucial job of gene identification and classification is attempted for cancer detection. Our project is implemented in MATLAB R2019a using the bioinformatics toolbox. Where the DNA sequences obtained from the NCBI are processed and numerically mapped before extracting the exons using the period-3 property which is done using an anti-notch filter and STFT. Digital filters are used for noise reduction and increased accuracy.
Sign To Speech Conversion And Home Automation Control Using Smart Gloves
Authors: B L Sujaya
Published: November 2024

In today's world, there are many new technologies changing the way we do things. One interesting technology is the home automation system. It helps people control things in their homes from far away, making life more comfortable, saving money, and being easy to use. But some people find it a bit tricky to use these systems well. To make it simpler for everyone, we can use something called a flex sensor-based home automation system. This system lets you control things by moving your hands, which is really helpful for older people or those who might find it a bit hard to move. It's also great for people who haven't had much learning. And if we add voice help, it becomes even easier. This way, people who are in bed or dealing with physical problems can use it too. This makes technology not just cool but helpful for everyone in different situations. In this paper, we explore the integration of flex sensors onto hand gloves to facilitate a dynamic interaction between hand movements and technological outputs. The flex sensors, akin to miniature potentiometers, are strategically affixed to the fingers, registering changes in value corresponding to the bending action. As the finger bends, the sensor's resistance alters, influencing the output in an inversely proportional manner. This innovative system allows for nuanced control, where specific angles of finger bending lead to calibrated adjustments in output, demonstrating a responsive and intuitive interface between human gestures and technology. The implementation of flex sensor- based gloves introduces a versatile means of capturing and translating hand movements into actionable data. The project leverages the concept of resistance modulation to precisely interpret the degree of finger bending, creating a reliable framework for diverse applications such as gesturecontrolled devices or assistive technologies for individuals with limited mobility. The abstracted communication between human hand gestures and technology opens avenues for accessible and intuitive interfaces, promising potential applications across various domains.
Off-Grid Systems With Reused Notebook Batteries – A Cost Analysis
Authors: Baziotti Thiago De Almeida , Silva Daniel Juliano Pamplona Da
Published: November 2024

Technologies that fall under alternative energy generation methods are currently among the main topics discussed in many environmental and sustainability debates. Among the most commonly used generation methods, on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic systems are prominent, mainly due to the abundance of the energy source. Offgrid, or autonomous, systems rely on energy storage, which requires the use of batteries. The construction of a battery generally involves the combination of cells. In this article, a cost analysis will be carried out to economically demonstrate the viability of a simulated battery assembled from reused cells compared to a new battery with the same characteristics. In this work, batteries are designed using 18650 cells, which are cylindrical cells with a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65 mm. These cells power many devices, such as laptops and power banks, and were chosen due to the abundance of raw material in discarded equipment. The main result of this analysis is that the use of batteries made from reused cells can make the installation of an off-grid system economically viable, while the installation of such a system with a battery made from new cells is unfeasible. A reused cell can cost about 15% of the price of an equivalent new cell. In an initial analysis, the payback period of an off-grid photovoltaic system can be reduced by approximately 70% when using reused cells, compared to the payback period for a system with new cells
Cost Management In Public Administration: A Case Study Of The Department Of Water And Sewage (DMAE) Of The Municipality Of Porto Alegre – RS
Authors: Lopes Marco Antônio Mascarenhas De Souza , Coronel Daniel Arruda
Published: November 2024

A gestão de custos na Administração Pública vem assumindo papel cada vez mais relevante, seja pela necessidade de aperfeiçoamento constante no gerenciamento do gasto público, ou pelo controle gerencial, ou mesmo pela transparência ou auxílio na tomada de decisões. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar o sistema de custos do Departamento Municipal de Água e Esgotos (Dmae) de Porto Alegre – RS, autarquia municipal que presta os serviços de abastecimento de água, coleta e tratamento de esgoto e que realizou a implementação de um sistema de gerenciamento de custos. A pesquisa realizada na estrutura administrativa citada deu-se a partir das suas atividades e direcionadores de custos. A partir das informações geradas com a utilização do método do Activity Based Costing (ABC) é possível mensurar os custos e propor soluções, constituindo-se em uma ferramenta útil ao gestor e fidedigna para a sociedade, sendo identificadas melhorias e veracidade na informação contábil. A pesquisa é, portanto, qualitativa, exploratória e bibliográfica com estudo de caso sendo elaborado um questionário, composto de questões relacionadas ao objetivo da pesquisa. Os resultados destacam que a implementação do sistema de custos no Dmae possibilitou ganhos na geração de informações que auxiliam a autarquia na precificação, na estimativa de perdas e na redução de custos. O estudo sugere que, para alcançar resultados ainda mais expressivos, faz-se necessário o constante aperfeiçoamento e expansão do sistema, pois tem especial potencial de contribuir com uma gestão pública mais eficiente e eficaz
Agrotóxicos: Implicações Para A Saúde E O Meio Ambiente
Authors: Deitos Tandara , Cruz Tereza Cristina De Souza Freitas Da , Brito Jailma Costa , Silva Aline Gabrielle Gomes Da , Freitas Arlan Silva
Published: November 2024

A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as implicações dos agrotóxicos para a saúde humana e o meio ambiente, destacando a necessidade de práticas agrícolas mais sustentáveis. Utilizando uma abordagem bibliográfica, foram revisados documentos e estudos em plataformas como SciELO e Scopus, permitindo uma compreensão abrangente do tema. Os resultados revelaram que a exposição a agrotóxicos está associada a sérios problemas de saúde, como câncer e distúrbios neurológicos, além de impactar negativamente a biodiversidade e a qualidade dos recursos hídricos. A análise indicou que a aplicação excessiva dessas substâncias contribui para a degradação ambiental e a resistência de pragas, destacando a urgência de alternativas sustentáveis, como a agroecologia. Em conclusão, a pesquisa enfatiza a necessidade de um comprometimento conjunto entre agricultores, empresas e consumidores para promover um sistema agrícola que priorize a saúde pública e a
Gestão Em Saúde Pública: O Papel Da Liderança Na Gestão Da Atenção Primária À Saúde (APS)
Authors: Silva Joelma Veras Da , Storck Itamar Júnio Vilhena , Cunha Natalia De Fátima Miranda , Marcão Gustavo Rosa , Assunção Élida Lúcia Ferreira
Published: November 2024

A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o papel da liderança na gestão da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e sua influência na qualidade dos serviços prestados à população. Utilizou-se uma abordagem bibliográfica, com levantamento em plataformas acadêmicas como SciELO, Scopus e Google Acadêmico, além de repositórios brasileiros, permitindo uma análise abrangente das práticas de liderança na APS. Os resultados evidenciaram que a liderança é um elemento central que impacta a motivação das equipes, a integração dos serviços e a promoção de uma cultura colaborativa, além de destacar a necessidade de formação contínua dos líderes em habilidades essenciais. A análise revelou que líderes competentes são fundamentais para articular recursos e implementar políticas eficazes, especialmente em um contexto de desafios como epidemias e doenças crônicas. Em conclusão, a pesquisa sublinhou que o fortalecimento da liderança na APS é crucial para a melhoria da
Applied Economic Engineering To Solar Energy Projects
Authors: Neto Alcides Feitosa , Silva Cleilson Coutinho Da , Gomes Rickardo Léo Ramos
Published: November 2024

Background: The search for the use of electrical energy through renewable sources is experiencing significant expansion, particularly at a time when social policies are being implemented with a focus on climate conditions. Solar energy stands out as a renewable energy source with costs that are more accessible than conventional energy sources. Photovoltaic panels for commercial use represent a smart strategy for many companies seeking energy efficiency, cost savings, and sustainability. These systems offer benefits that range from reductions in operational expenses to contributions toward corporate social responsibility goals. Materials and Methods: To conduct this study, two research methods were used: bibliographic research and documentary research. The qualitative approach employed in this article enabled a detailed investment analysis of the elements related to economic engineering applied to solar energy projects. Techniques for economic and financial viability were presented, including Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period. Results: The findings of the research demonstrated that solar energy is a viable and strategic option for economic growth in Ceará. Considering that Ceará ranks fifth in Brazil for its capacity to generate solar energy, solar power represents a promising investment alternative for the state. The study highlighted the economic and environmental advantages of utilizing solar energy. Conclusion: The research clearly shows that solar energy not only contributes to economic growth but also plays a crucial role in environmental conservation in Ceará. Achieving the objectives reinforces the importance of government policies focused on expanding clean energy sources. These policies will ensure that the benefits of solar energy extend beyond the current scenario, fostering a more sustainable and inclusive future.
What insights do patients and caregivers have on acute kidney injury and posthospitalisation care? A single-centre qualitative study from Toronto, Canada
Authors: Silver Samuel A , Saragosa Marianne , Adhikari Neill K , Bell Chaim M , Harel Ziv , Harvey Andrea , Kitchlu Abhijat , Neyra Javier A , Wald Ron , Jeffs Lianne
Published: June 2018

Objectives

Hospitalisation with acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with short-term and long-term adverse events, but patient and caregiver experiences with AKI are not well described. We sought to better understand patient and caregiver perspectives after a hospitalisation with AKI to inform discharge strategies that may improve outcomes for this high-risk population.

Design

Qualitative study with semistructured interviews.

Setting

Tertiary care hospital in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Participants

Adult patients (n=15) who survived a hospitalisation with Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes stage 2 or 3 AKI from May to December 2016. We also interviewed five patient caregivers. We required patients to have no previous evidence of severe chronic kidney disease (ie, prior receipt of dialysis, previous kidney transplantation or pre-existing estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) under 30 mL/min/1.73 m2).

Results

We identified three over-arching themes: (1) prioritisation of conditions other than AKI, reflected by the importance placed on other comorbidities and the omission of AKI as part of the ongoing medical history; (2) variability in comprehension of the significance of AKI, represented by minimal knowledge of the causes and symptoms associated with AKI, along with misinformation on the kidneys’ ability to self-repair; and (3) anxiety from discharge planning and competing health demands, illustrated by complicated discharge plans involving multiple specialist appointments.

Conclusions

Patients and caregivers view AKI as a short-term and reversible condition, giving it little thought during the postdischarge period. As a result, reliance on patients and caregivers to report an episode of AKI to their outpatient physicians is unlikely to be successful. Patient-centred tools and decision aids are needed to bridge the gap between a hospitalisation with AKI and the safe transition to the outpatient setting.
Zur Entwicklung des Regionalen Wohlfahrtsindex
Authors: Schöne Irene
Published: June 2018

In der Ausgabe 04/2017 von ÖkologischesWirtschaften diskutierten Dorothee Rodenhäuser, Benjamin Held, Roland Zieschank und Hans Diefenbacher die Frage, wie gesellschaftliche Wohlfahrtgemessen wird. Die darin dargestellte Entstehungsgeschichte des ersten Regionalen Wohlfahrtsindex ist nicht ganz korrekt und sollte in den Gesamtkontext eingebettet werden.
Reforming Ukraine: Problems of Constitutional Regulation and Implementation of Human Rights
Authors: Petryshyn Oleksandr , Petryshyn Oleh
Published: June 2018

The article focuses on current problems of human rights constitutional provision, protection and implementation in Ukraine in the context of the reforms aimed at Eurointegration. The aim is to brief in the historical aspects of the development of ideas and concepts of human rights in Ukraine, focus on the human rights provision of the active Constitution projected through the ongoing reforms and to expose the correlation between the rights enshrined and their actual implementation. The existing and possible future problems related to the regulation and realization of human rights in Ukraine’s reform process are considered. The article reflects the problem of the value approach to human rights, which is directly related to the low level of legal culture and the insufficient level of development of civil society Ukraine. The work also analyses the amendments that have been made to the Constitution since the independence. While presenting the latest developments and drafts regarding the addressed issues, we try to look deeper into the problem, far beyond the formal and procedural concerns, addressing social and cultural barriers in understanding the importance and necessity of the problems under consideration not only by the leadership of the state but also by ordinary Ukrainians.
A review of patient-level factors related to the assessment of fitness to stand trial
Authors: Prpa Teodora , Moulden Heather Marie , Taylor Liane , Chaimowitz Gary Andrew
Published: June 2018

Under Canadian law, when the issue of fitness to stand trial is raised, a medical professional completes an assessment and provides an opinion of fitness.The Criminal Codedoes not mandate a specific form of fitness assessment, and in the last fifty years, a number of unstructured and structured measures have been created for clinicians’ use. In the last three decades, a multitude of studies have been conducted in the assessment of fitness to stand trial in an attempt to provide a clearer picture of which patient-level factors influence a clinician’s finding of fitness. Previous conclusions on the influence of demographic, psychiatric, criminal, and psycholegal factors have ranged heavily, and research on fitness determinations in Canada is minimal. The purpose of this review is to consolidate the numerous studies to provide an understanding of where future research should be focused so that reliable and valid fitness determinations can be made. Future research should focus on mirroring the unstructured assessments used by clinicians in their studies and then measuring the influence of patient-level factors. Most notably, research should focus on psycholegal factors and their influence on the determination of fitness under the applicable legal standards for fitness across the world.
Clinical spectrum of paediatric HIV infection in a tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: K. K. Santhosh Kumar , D. Narayanappa , M. D. Ravi , K. Jagadish Kumar
Published: June 2018

Background: The global burden of paediatric HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a challenge for healthcare workers around the world, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study is to describe the spectrum of HIV infection in children including the mode of transmission, clinical manifestations and opportunistic infections associated with HIV infection.Methods: Confirmed HIV seropositive children aged between 18 months to 19 years admitted to paediatric ward of JSS hospital, Mysore during two-year period were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Detailed history, socio-demographic characteristics and clinical manifestations were recorded in the predesigned performa. Nutritional assessment, complete physical, systemic and neurological examination was performed at the time of admission and was supplemented with ancillary investigations. Patients were correlated with modified WHO clinical case definition for AIDS and categorized as per revised CDC NABC classification of pediatric HIV infection.Results: Forty HIV-infected children were enrolled: with mean age of 4.5 years. Vertical transmission was the predominant mode of HIV transmission (97.5%). Most of the children were severely symptomatic belonging to category-C of NABC classification. Common clinical manifestations noted were failure to thrive (45%), recurrent respiratory infections (42%), bacterial skin infection (36%), recurrent otitis (42.5%), papulo-pruritic dermatitis (22%), hepatosplenomegaly (85%), lymphadenopathy (45%) and HIV encephalopathy (52%). The common opportunistic infections observed were pulmonary tuberculosis (45%), recurrent diarrhoea (35%), oral candidiasis (30%). The rare presentations of HIV noted were chronic thrombocytopenia and a case of dilated cardiomyopathy.Conclusions: Vertical transmission was the major route of HIV infection. HIV encephalopathy was more common among severely affected children. Tuberculosis was the commonest opportunistic infection.
The Fight Against Terrorism
Authors: Hasani Fatos
Published: June 2018

Understanding the phenomenon of terrorism, his perception and conceptual theories developed for this purpose have a special importance. Only after acquainted with a phenomenon, then we can face it. So after this process we can guarantee the highest possible protection of the rights and fundamental freedoms that can be put under a huge risk of such an operation of revealing the phenomenon. Providing consultancy to policy-making and executive power bodies, the active action in the fight against terrorism including the sciences product offer different fields, as a key instrument in this process is of special importance. Challenges they offer, the desire to serve a cause higher still, that of increasing the rights and fundamental freedoms on the highest pedestal, requires the scientists to do something more, which will inspire many other efforts in the future to assist in preventing and combating the terrorist threat. In this spirit, the technology offered policies for the EU and generally front against terrorism, a key instrument for achieving this goal.
Investigating Student’s Needs for English Language as Foundations for Syllabus Design
Authors: Zela Elsa
Published: June 2018

Efforts to integrate into the European Union and a rapid economic growth in Albania have led to the growing prevalence of English language, which has become the leading foreign language for communication between experts not only at the international but also national level, as various business documents, contracts, reports, etc., have been widely used by graduates in the field of economics in their daily work. Thus, English language teaching in universities should reflect these changes that are taking place extensively in Albanian society. New syllabuses should put more emphasis on the new skills that current students of economics need to be integrated into the labour market. Through semistructured questionnaires administered to 420 students of the first year studying Business English at the Faculty of Economics and Agribussines, Agricultural University of Tirana, this study aims at identifying their needs for language and communication for future use either for employment or further education purposes. Program design and course development of Business English needs to respond to future student needs for future employment or study purposes. In general, needs analysis plays a key role and is the first step in the process of drafting each subject in the English Language for Specific Purposes, a course characterized by the student centered approach. The results of this study will serve as input to be taken into account for the design of the Business English course at the Faculty of Economics at AUT. The analysis of the research data has provided teachers insights into business English teaching related issues and an essential input in BE syllabus design.
The Equity Effects of Property Tax Caps: Evidence from Florida
Authors: Beal Mary , Borg Mary O. , Stranahan Harriet
Published: June 2018

Over the last decade Florida property owners have saved billions of dollars in taxes due to a 1995 assessment cap initiative which reduced homeowner’s tax burdens. Florida is not alone in passing assessment caps, 20 other states have passed similar property tax reductions. Proponents of Florida’s initiative said the measure would protect the elderly, many of whom live on fixed incomes in retirement, from property tax inflation. This research examines the vertical and horizontal equity effects of assessment caps. Using data from a large MSA in Florida, the results provide new evidence on which groups of homeowners are more likely to benefit from these types of initiatives.
Preparedness of companies for digital transformation and creating a competitive advantage in the age of Industry 4.0
Authors: Adamik Anna , Nowicki Michał
Published: June 2018

One of the biggest challenges that organizations are facing today is finding the proper way to shape competitive advantages in the age of Industry 4.0. This digital revolution forces companies to face specific challenges. The main purpose of this paper is to identify key requirements for the creation of a competitive advantage in the age of Industry 4.0 [CA. 4.0] The second purpose is to evaluate the level of organizations' preparedness for Digital Transformation [DX]. Studies based on a literature review describe requirements for organizations functioning in the age of Industry 4.0, especially in the area of DX and exploitation of Virtualization [V&DX].
The Chain Effect of an Antidumping Policy
Authors: Kao Kuo‐Feng , Mai Chao‐Cheng
Published: June 2018

This article uses a successive duopoly model to show that some antidumping retaliation may in fact be a chain effect of an antidumping policy. Findings present that if dumping initially takes place in the home country's final good market, then antidumping protection in the final good market will result in dumping in the foreign country's input market, thus leading to further antidumping protection, which will reinforce the incentive of the home downstream firm to initially petition for antidumping protection. Moreover, we demonstrate that an antidumping duty in vertically related markets may not provide this industry with adequate protection. Finally, when taking the antidumping chain effect into account, we show that the government which initially faces the dumping may determine a higher antidumping duty if the production inefficiency of the home upstream firm relative to the foreign upstream firm is in the medium range.
The Influence of Adolescence on Parents’ Perspectives of Testing and Discussing Inherited Cancer Predisposition
Authors: Schultz Corinna L , Alderfer Melissa A. , Lindell Robert B. , McClain Zachary , Zelley Kristin , Nichols Kim E. , Ford Carol A.
Published: June 2018

Li‐Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a highly penetrant cancer predisposition syndrome that may present with a first cancer before or during adolescence/young adulthood. Families offered LFS genetic testing for their children can inform our understanding of how the unique developmental context of adolescence influences parental perspectives about genetic testing and discussions of cancer risk. In this study, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 46 parents of children at risk for LFS to capture those perspectives. Analysis utilized summary descriptive statistics and inductive qualitative content coding. Most parents (33/46; 72%) expressed beliefs that adolescence influences the importance of LFS testing and/or discussions about genetic risk. Twenty‐six parents related this influence to cognitive, physical, and social changes occurring during adolescence. Aspects of adolescence perceived as promoting LFS testing/discussion included developmental appropriateness, risks of cancer in adolescence, need for medical screening decisions, influence on behaviors, transition to adult health care, and reproductive risks. Aspects of adolescence perceived as complicating LFS testing/discussions included potential negative emotional impact, misunderstanding, added burden, and negative impact on self‐image or future planning. Parents recognize the complex influence that adolescence has on LFS testing and conversations surrounding results. Further research is needed to understand the actual impact of genetic testing on young people, and how to best support parents and adolescents within the broader context of heritable diseases.
Central metal dependent modulation of induced-fit gas uptake in molecular porphyrin solids
Authors: Nishihara Hirotomo , Ohwada Mao , Kamimura Takuya , Nishimura Masato , Tanaka Hideki , Hiraide Shotaro , Miyahara Minoru T. , Ariga Katsuhiko , Ji Qingmin , Maruyama Jun , Tani Fumito
Published: June 2018

Porphyrin-based supramolecular architectures exhibit induced-fit gas uptake, and moreover, the on–off porosity switching can be modulated simply by changing the central cation of porphyrin.
Substrate-controlled divergent synthesis of polycyclic indoloazepines and indolodiazepines via 1,5-hydride shift/7-cyclization cascades
Authors: Liu Siyuan , Qu Jingping , Wang Baomin
Published: June 2018

A substrate-controlled divergent synthesis of polycyclic indoloazepines and indolodiazepines via 1,5-hydride shift/7-cyclization cascades was reported.
Asymmetric synthesis of the fully functionalized six-membered ring of trigoxyphin A
Authors: Feng Jing , Yu Tianzi , Zhang Zhijiang , Li Jinpeng , Fu Shaomin , Chen Juan , Liu Bo
Published: June 2018

An asymmetric synthesis strategy of the fully functionalized six-membered ring of trigoxyphin A, a daphnane-type diterpenoid, has been accomplished concisely from a d-tartrate derivative on a multi-gram scale.
Macrophages in patients with recurrent endometrial polyps could exacerbate Th17 responses
Authors: Zhu Yali , Liu Zhihong , Du Miaomiao , Yi Lisha , Gong Guifang , Tang Xiang
Published: June 2018

Endometrial polyps (EPs) are outgrowths in the endometrium with unknown etiology. The fact that EPs can often recur after surgical removal suggests that EPs are not induced by random events but by continuous or recurrent processes in patients. We previously demonstrated that the risk of EP development was positively associated with overactive Th17 responses. However, the requirements of Th17 upregulation are yet unclear. Here, we recruited 26 women with symptomatic EP and 24 without EP, and peripheral mononuclear cells were harvested for the examination of circulating immunity. Compared to controls without EP, the patients with symptomatic EP presented significantly elevated levels of monocyte activation. The circulating monocytes from patients secreted higher levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐23 directly ex vivo and with LPS stimulation. In memory CD4+ T cells, monocytes were not required for IL‐17 expression, but the presence of activated monocytes significantly increased the secretion of IL‐17. In naive CD4+ T cells, activated monocytes were required for significant IL‐17 secretion and RORC transcription. Interestingly, the monocytes from EP individuals were significantly more potent in promoting Th17 differentiation from naive CD4+ T cells than the monocytes from controls. Furthermore, we showed that monocyte‐mediated Th17 differentiation required the secretion of TNF, IL‐1β and IL‐6. Together, this study demonstrated activated monocytes supported Th17 inflammation in patients with EP.
Upscaling restoration of native biodiversity: A New Zealand perspective
Authors: Norton David A. , Butt Jason , Bergin David O.
Published: June 2018

Efforts are being made to upscale restoration of New Zealand's native ecosystems. Success depends, however, on consideration of several key issues that need to be built into restoration planning, implementation and monitoring. This study makes eight recommendations to improve the prospect of obtaining the hoped‐for biodiversity conservation outcomes.
Effects of type I interferons in malaria
Authors: Sebina Ismail , Haque Ashraful
Published: June 2018

Type I interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines with a wide range of biological activities including anti‐viral and immune‐regulatory functions. Here, we focus on the protozoan parasitic disease malaria, and examine the effects of type I IFN‐signalling during Plasmodium infection of humans and experimental mice. Since the 1960s, there have been many studies in this area, but a simple explanation for the role of type I IFN has not emerged. Although epidemiological data are consistent with roles for type I IFN in influencing malaria disease severity, functional proof of this remains sparse in humans. Several different rodent‐infective Plasmodium species have been employed in in vivo studies of parasite‐sensing, experimental cerebral malaria, lethal malaria, liver‐stage infection, and adaptive T‐cell and B‐cell immunity. A range of different outcomes in these studies suggests a delicately balanced, multi‐faceted and highly complex role for type I IFN‐signalling in malaria. This is perhaps unsurprising given the multiple parasite‐sensing pathways that can trigger type I IFN production, the multiple isoforms of IFN‐α/β that can be produced by both immune and non‐immune cells, the differential effects of acute versus chronic type I IFN production, the role of low level ‘tonic’ type I IFN‐signalling, and that signalling can occur via homodimeric IFNAR1 or heterodimeric IFNAR1/2 receptors. Nevertheless, the data indicate that type I IFN‐signalling controls parasite numbers during liver‐stage infection, and depending on host–parasite genetics, can be either detrimental or beneficial to the host during blood‐stage infection. Furthermore, type I IFN can promote cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune pathology and hinder CD4+ T helper cell‐dependent immunity during blood‐stage infection. Hence, type I IFN‐signalling plays highly context‐dependent roles in malaria, which can be beneficial or detrimental to the host.
Influence of suturing technique on wound healing and patient morbidity after connective tissue harvesting. A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Maino Giovanni N. E. , Valles Cristina , Santos Antonio , Pascual Andres , Esquinas Cristina , Nart José
Published: June 2018

Objectives

The aims of this randomized clinical trial were to investigate the influence of the suturing technique and the thickness of the pre‐ and postoperative palatal and flap mucosa on the early healing of the palate after harvesting a connective tissue graft. Furthermore, patient pain perception was evaluated.

Material and methods

A subepithelial connective tissue graft was obtained from the palate with a single horizontal incision technique. Patients were randomly assigned to continuous interlocking suture group or criss‐cross suture group. The thickness of the palatal mucosa and residual palatal flap was measured; however, these variables were not randomized. One week postoperatively, the donor site wound healing was recorded by the modified rate of early healing index (EHI). Patient's pain perception was assessed by a visual analogue scale.

Results

Thirty‐six patients were evaluated. No statistically significant differences were found between suturing technique and wound healing (p = 0.215). Statistically significant differences were found between postoperative flap thickness and EHI at 1, 3 and 6 mm from the incision line (p < 0.001). Negative correlations reaching statistical significance were found between the number of days of discomfort and residual flap thickness measured at 1, 3 and 6 mm.

Conclusions

No association between the suture technique and the EHI was observed. Moreover, postoperative palatal flap thickness was associated with early wound healing of the donor site. Finally, the greater the postoperative palatal flap thickness, the less intensity of the pain perceived by patients.
A novel PTCH1 mutation underlies nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate in a Han Chinese family
Authors: Zhao Huaxiang , Zhong Wenjie , Leng Chuntao , Zhang Jieni , Zhang Mengqi , Huang Wenbin , Zhang Yunfan , Li Weiran , Jia Peizeng , Lin Jiuxiang , Maimaitili Gulibaha , Chen Feng
Published: June 2018

Objectives

Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is the most common craniofacial congenital disease, and it has a complex aetiology. This study aimed to identify the causative gene mutation of a Han Chinese family with CL/P.

Subjects and Methods

Whole exome sequencing was conducted on the proband and her mother, who exhibited the same phenotype. A Mendelian dominant inheritance model, allele frequency, mutation regions, functional prediction and literature review were used to screen and filter the variants. The candidate was validated by Sanger sequencing. Conservation analysis and homology modelling were conducted.

Results

A heterozygous missense mutation c.1175C>T in the PTCH1 gene predicting p.Ala392Val was identified. This variant has not been reported and was predicted to be deleterious. Sanger sequencing verified the variant and the dominant inheritance model in the family. The missense alteration affects an amino acid that is evolutionarily conserved in the first extracellular loop of the PTCH1 protein. The local structure of the mutant protein was significantly altered according to homology modelling.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that c.1175C>T in PTCH1 (NM_000264) may be the causative mutation of this pedigree. Our results add to the evidence that PTCH1 variants play a role in the pathogenesis of orofacial clefts.
„Leben mit einer Dünndruckausgabe?“
Authors: Amslinger Tobias
Published: June 2018

The article deals with the edition of the collected works of Max Frisch, published in 1976 by the German Suhrkamp Verlag (Gesammelte Werke in zeitlicher Folge). Frisch was afraid of becoming a “classic” and therefore tried to portray his work as the writing of a contemporary. Nevertheless, Max Frisch took his place among the classical authors of the 20th century. A glance into the archive dissolves the stability of the work unit and shows Frisch's writing as being in a process of constant change.
Microwave irradiation and catalysis in organophosphorus reactions
Authors: Keglevich György , Kiss Nóra Zsuzsa , Henyecz Réka , Mucsi Zoltán
Published: June 2018

The usual advantage of microwave (MW) assistance is making organic reactions faster and more efficient. In this article we present reaction types from organophosphorus chemistry, when MW-assisted transformations (e.g. the direct esterification and alkylating esterification of phosphinic acids) may be promoted by suitable catalysts, or vice versa, when a catalytic reaction is enhanced by MW irradiation (e.g. the Arbuzov reaction of aryl halides), and when catalysts may be omitted or simplified under MW irradiation as shown by the alkylation of active methylene containing P=O substrates/the Kabachnik–Fields reaction/deoxygenation of phosphine oxides, and the Hirao reaction, respectively.
A CHECKLIST OF FREE-LIVING MARINE NEMATODES AT DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEM IN NORTHERN STRAITS OF MALACCA, MALAYSIA
Authors: Samad Shakila , Mohammad Mahadi , Salleh Sazlina , Darif Aqilah
Published: June 2018

Nematodes present in all substrates and sediment types with an enormous number of species. The studies on free-living marine nematodes are still limited in Malaysia. The present study provides general information on genus checklist of free-living marine nematodes in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia in a different ecosystem which are intertidal zones of estuarine, sandy beach and mangrove ecosystems.  Samples were randomly collected at three stations in each ecosystem. A total of 34 genera (22 families and ten suborders) were recorded in three ecosystems. Each ecosystem had common genera which also commonly found worldwide. Viscosia genus was observed in all three ecosystems. The nematode genera of Estuary and mangrove ecosystems had greater similarities than those in the sandy beach.