bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influx of national identity: “imagined communities” on Indonesian audience in Indonesia and Malaysia frontier
Authors: Briandana Rizki , Azmawati Azman Azwan
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to analyse the abundance of Malaysian television broadcasts’ impact on building Indonesian society’s national identity on Sebatik Island. The residents of this island have been watching Malaysian television for a long time as the primary source of communication in their daily lives. In this context, the interaction between the community and television is manifested through interpreting images and meanings. Furthermore, it becomes the basis for the building process of the community’s national identity. This was a case study with observation and focus group discussion as the method of data collection. The results showed that Malaysian television conveys the meaning and values of its nationality to the Indonesian people. This manifests a high tendency among the Sebatik residents towards Malaysia, which is considered an ideal reference of life.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЕКСТРАКТУ ЛИСТЯ ВОЛОСЬКОГО ГОРІХА В ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ПЛАВЛЕНИХ СИРІВ
Authors: Bolgova Natalia , Krevsun Katerina
Published: February 2021

Актуальність теми дослідження. Сучасна харчова промисловість має вирішувати не лише завдання
безпечності продукту, а й питання ролі продуктів харчування у профілактиці дефіциту йоду. Популяризація ролі харчування у профілактиці захворювань аліментарного характеру має своє відображення у стійкій тенденції збільшення об’ємів та розширенні асортименту харчових продуктів, збагачених біологічно активними добавками, зокрема йодом. Особливий інтерес і у виробників, і у споживачів викликають рослинні добавки. Постановка проблеми. Незважаючи на широту асортименту плавлених сирів, відбувається постійне його оновлення. Це зумовлено необхідністю задовольнити вимоги науки, зміною споживчого попиту, наявністю сировини, рентабельністю того чи іншого виду сиру. Підвищена зацікавленість до цієї продукції викликана її здатністю добре зберігати свої якості під час тривалого зберігання, можливістю поєднувати різні компоненти, зокрема немолочного походження, а в результаті отримати продукт високої харчової і біологічної цінності. Враховуючи наведені вище факти зауважимо, що розробка плавлених сирів із листям волоського горіха набуває важливого
значення і є актуальною науково-практичною темою. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Були розглянуті сучасні публікації українських та закордонних науковців щодо шляхів вирішення проблеми дефіциту йоду шляхом введення в рецептуру продукту рослинної добавки. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Отже, для організації профілактики захворювань необхідне подальше вивчення та більш глибоке дослідження технологій харчових продуктів функціонального направлення.
Враховуючи той факт, що плавлені сири є досить доступним продуктом для більшості населення України, вважаємо за доцільне розширити їх асортимент саме за рахунок внесення в рецептуру екстракту листя волоського горіха. Постановка завдання. Метою роботи була розробка рецептури та обґрунтування технології виробництва функціонального плавленого сиру з додаванням екстракту листя волоського горіха ТОВ «НВК Віларус», а також обґрунтування розширення асортименту плавлених сирів функціонального направлення. Виклад основного матеріалу. Розроблено рецептуру та обґрунтовано технологію виробництва плавлених сирів з рослинним компонентом. Експериментально досліджена якість та органолептичні характеристики. Розрахунковим методом встановлено кількість йоду, що буде містити розроблений продукт. Висновки відповідно до статті. Отримані результати органолептичних, фізико-хімічних та структурно-механічних досліджень дозволяють констатувати, що плавлений сир із додаванням 5 % екстракту листя волоського горіха ТОВ «НВК Віларус» є продуктом із бажаними споживчими характеристиками та підвищеним вмістом йоду. Це дозволить не лише розширити асортимент функціональних продуктів харчування, а й дасть змогу проводити профілактику дефіциту йоду.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ДОБАВОК БЕЗГЛЮТЕНОВОГО БОРОШНА В ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ХЛІБОБУЛОЧНИХ ВИРОБІВ
Authors: Denysova Natalya , Ziniuk Margaryta , Buialska Nataliia
Published: February 2021

Актуальність теми дослідження зумовлена необхідністю розробки технологічних рецептур хлібобулочних виробів із використанням натуральних добавок задля поліпшення якісних характеристик готової продукції. Постановка проблеми. Хлібобулочні вироби є основним продуктом споживання абсолютної більшості населення нашої країни та світу загалом, тому виникає необхідність розробки та впровадження заходів щодо підвищення якісних та поживних характеристик продукції в конкурентних умовах. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. У наукових публікаціях показана перспективність введення в рецептуру хлібобулочних виробів як збагачувачів та поліпшувачів натуральних добавок рослинного та тваринного походження. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Не досліджено використання в технології пшеничних хлібобулочних виробів добавок із безглютенового борошна змінних концентрацій, що забезпечують поліпшення якісних показників виробів.
Постановка завдання. Розробка технології виготовлення пшеничного хлібу з використанням як добавки безглютенового борошна (рисового, гречаного та кукурудзяного), що дозволить поліпшити фізико-хімічні, структурно-механічні та органолептичні показники готових виробів. Виклад основного матеріалу. Проведено оцінювання фізико-хімічних, структурно-механічних та органолептичних показників тістових напівфабрикатів та готових виробів. Розроблена рецептура приготування пшеничного надзбручанського хлібу з використанням як натуральної добавки суміші безглютенового борошна (рисового, гречаного та кукурудзяного в рівних концентраціях) з дозуванням 5 та 10 % від ваги внесеного пшеничного борошна. Висновки відповідно до статті. Встановлено позитивний вплив 5 % добавки суміші безглютенового борошна (рисового, гречаного та кукурудзяного в рівних концентраціях) на фізико-хімічні, структурно-механічні та органолептичні показники пшеничних хлібобулочних виробів на прикладі технології виготовлення хлібу надзбручанського.
FEATURES OF CONTROL OF MECHANISMS OF ECOLOGIZATION OF HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS WITH REAGENT-FREE WATER TREATMENT
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Zhuravska Nataliia
Published: February 2021

The aim of the article is to research according to the desire to approach the effective achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which is supported by a UN expert group visiting Ukraine to support contextualization and adaptation of the SDGs to the needs and priorities of Ukraine through an approach based on updating, supporting policy and accelerating achievement -approach M-Mainstreaming (updating), AAcceleration (acceleration), PS-Policy Support (policy support)), United Nations agencies in Ukraine, namely FAO, IOM, UNDP, UN Population Fund, UNICEF and UN Women jointly with the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine. According to the approved Law of Ukraine "On the basic principles (strategy) of the state environmental policy of Ukraine for the period up to 2030" and the analytical report of ICED "Analysis of state strategic documents on the accounting of the Sustainable Development Goals adapted for Ukraine until 2030" and the Paris climate agreement, potentially imposes on Ukraine new obligations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and, unfortunately, the suspended consideration of the draft resolution on holding parliamentary hearings on the topic: "On the foundations of state policy forsustainable development of Ukraine" (June 3, 2020) - negatively affect the development of energy sector as the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions. For this, there is a vision of a way to manage mechanisms for greening production, goals to reduce anthropogenic emissions, where a significant role in the country's energy supply of water and steam heat supply systems is acquired by the issues of efficient use of thermal energy in all areas of these systems: generation for heating water or for generating steam; transportation to the consumer, as well as when using it by the consumer. Improvements of integrated environmental management systems to ensure environmentally balanced nature management and environmental modernization for activities within the framework of energy-saving technologies, implementation features are given. In particular, the proposed methodological approach, based on theoretical research, the definition of information systems, taking into account as forms of environmental management. Highlighted features of system creation and practical implementation.
CURRENT TRENDS OF THE FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGIES MARKET FORMATION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Khmelnytsky Cooperative Trade and Economic Institute, Dzhereleiko Svetlana
Published: February 2021

The article examines the current state of the domestic market of financial technologies and identifies the main trends and prospects for its development. The essence of the concept of fintech, as well as the role of financial technologies in the further development of the financial sphere are considered. The factors of development of financial technologies in Ukraine are determined: stable coverage by mobile communication and the Internet, proper legal regulation, access to capital and investments, human resources. It was found that the fintech business in Ukraine is developing rapidly, increasing its volume due to the growing number of new fintech companies and the emergence of various fintech startups. As of the beginning of 2020, there were more than 100 fintech companies operating in Ukraine. 63% of fintech companies were financed at their own expense, and the same number passed the break-even point. At the same time, 14% of companies have a staff of more than 75 people. 43% of Ukrainian fintech companies conquer the international market. And of those who work exclusively in Ukraine, 73% are later going to start working abroad. The growth trend of the fintech sector remains unchanged. At the same time, the development of financial technologies in Ukraine is accompanied by a number of problems, the main of which are: over-regulation of the financial sector; legal and regulatory restrictions in the field of financial innovation; the slowness of the traditional banking sector; lack of capital to implement innovations; small and medium-sized businesses are closed to fintech initiatives; insufficient financial literacy of the population. It was revealed that the fintech direction in Ukraine has a significant potential for the introduction of financial services in new areas of activity and among various segments of the population. The main trends in the financial technology market are: alternative types of payments, marketplaces, new business models, artificial intelligence, digital identification and biometric data, open APIs.
DEVELOPMENT OF APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF INFORMATION SUPPORT OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Skrypnyk Margaryta , Hryhorevska Olena ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design
Published: February 2021

The article aims to develop approaches to the formation of information support for strategic management of the enterprise in a circular economy. The research methods of observation, comparison, analysis, synthesis, generalization and economic-statistical method were used. The study is based on the hypothesis that properly formed information support is an important element in assessing the developed strategy of the circular economy in enterprises of all sectors of economic activity. Based on the summary of the survey of 11380 respondents - representatives of management of enterprises in 133 countries on the allocation of business risks for the period 2015-2020 proved the relevance of the study through the allocation of environmental risks (extreme weather conditions, failure to act on climate protection, natural disasters, biodiversity, environmental disasters). The principles of realization of the concept of circular economy are given: use of green technologies and concentration on responsible use of natural resources; maximum use of assets; distribution of goods, works and services with maximum benefit; minimization and gradual elimination of negative external influences. Examples of the application of circular economy strategies are summarized on the example of Lenzing Group, Deloitte, Carlsberg, Walmart U.S., Pioneer Products, Technimark, IKEA and Zara. After analyzing the approaches of researchers to the main stages of the formation of the strategy of the circular economy, we can identify the following four actions: analysis of the current situation; data analysis; determining the best position of the circular economy; formulation of strategy and planning. Approaches to facilitate and support the transition to a circular production strategy are presented: simplification of the strategy; support for the implementation of the pilot project; efficiency assessment; attracting customers. It is concluded that the assessment of the effectiveness of the development and implementation of the strategy of transition to circular production is carried out on the basis of reporting information (environmental reporting), which is the information support of such assessment.
ELECTRICITY MARKET OF REGIONS OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERNIZATION CHANGES
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Pysanko Serhii , Romanyuk Roman ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Pavlova Olena ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Pavlov Kostiantyn ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University
Published: February 2021

Electricity market of regions and Ukraine in the context of modernization changes The article considers the importance, structure and electricity in the fuel and energy complex of the country and regions. It was found that in the production of electricity used (TPP), hydraulic (HPP) and hydroaccumulative (PSP), nuclear (NPP) stations. The connection of electric power industry with industry is shown. The largest power plants of the regions of Ukraine were inspected. The mechanism of operation of condensing and thermal power plants is clarified. The defining principles of development and location of electric power of Ukraine are noted. The place and role of nuclear power plants in ensuring the principles of energy security of the country are described. The peculiarities of the problem of the electric power industry are highlighted, which are primarily the use of low-risk nuclear reactors, as well as the still current import of uranium ores as raw materials from Russia. Utilization of NPP waste remains an unresolved problem. Large power plants have been structured into integrated power systems, which locally form a unified state energy system. Alternative power plants are listed as centers of economic electricity, their advantages in comparison with traditional types of energy are highlighted, and the disadvantages are also emphasized.
FORMATION OF A FINANCIAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR RETAIL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Kharkiv State University of Food Technology and Trade, Marharyta Mukhina
Published: February 2021

The article considers the formation of a strategy for managing the financial security of trade enterprises. The stages of assessing the external and internal environment of trade enterprises are constructed. It is proposed to define the process of optimizing the choice of strategy alternatives in the form of a structural and logical scheme in the following sequence: Priority Selection; rapid diagnostics of the strategic position; Organization of the strategy selection process based on strategic diagnostics; selection of the optimal strategy. An algorithm for choosing a financial security management strategy is proposed, which allows taking into account the strategic positions of enterprises, their interdependence and mutual influence, synergistic effects, and leads to an increase in its value. In this regard, it is proposed to use the methodology of optimizing the capital structure to justify the limitations and choose a diversification strategy. Based on the completed SPACE analysis, the vector of the selected strategy option is determined. An integral assessment of strategic alternatives of a trading enterprise for favorable environmental conditions and a high level of potential for financial and economic stability was carried out. Four strategies for managing the financial security of trade enterprises are analyzed: development; stabilization; diversification; formation. It is proved that an appropriate tool for analyzing the choice of strategic positions is rapid diagnostics based on the hierarchy analysis method. Thus, it can be concluded that from among the above options for managing financial security, you should choose the one that corresponds to the strategy of sustainable development of the enterprise. These don't necessarily have to be those that reach the maximum value of the objective function. A more balanced solution may be to choose options that are characterized by both a high value of the target function and relatively high or stable growth rates of operational potential, which ensures an increase in profitability.
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES DESIGN FOR ASSESSING PROFITABILITY DURING THE AUDITING OF HOUSING MANAGEMENT COMPANIES’ FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Authors:   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko, Sokolenko Liudmyla
Published: February 2021

The paper studies approaches to the analytical procedures design for assessing profitability in auditing of housing and communal services management companies’ financial statements in order to increase the validity of the auditor's conclusion. The purpose of the article is to prove the usefulness of using analytical procedures for assessing profitability of management company’s financial statements during its auditing, formulating their tasks and directions of information and documentary support. It has been established that the use of economic and mathematical modeling and the calculation of the panel of profitability indicators as analytical procedures essentially make it possible to assess the management company activity efficiency, as well as use of resources, and the effectiveness of debt management. In article the auditor’s tasks of analytical procedures for assessing the profitability of housing and communal services management company were specified: 1) assessment of the management company’s profitability trend during the last reporting periods for establishing general trends in its performance and future activities development; 2) identification of factors that determine management company’s profitability changes over the analyzed time period, that will make it possible to record significant ones and describe potential threats to profitability; 3) determination of reserves for increasing profitability for specific business processes or types of activities; 4) establishing the impact of changes in profitability on the management company’s ability to ensure the continuous operation. A list of profitability indicators performance has been formed. They should be calculated in the path of analytical procedures. Also it is recommended to draw up a working document "Analytical procedures for assessing the profitability of a management company". Basing on the content of profitability indicators and the possibilities of their calculation in the auditor's analytical procedures, auditor’s considerations have been formulated. They should guide the auditor in interpreting the calculated indicators.
CONTEMPORARY TRENDS IN GLOBAL BUSINESS – ENGINES FOR INTERNATIONAL E-SALES
Authors:   University of Food Technologies (Plovdiv, Bulgaria), Kulova Ivelina
Published: February 2021

The rapid progress of technological innovations and their influence on human life have a remarkable impact on international business. With the right planning, strategy and tools, starting and developing not only a traditional brick and mortar store but also an international online business can be more easily achieved. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to outline some of the key contemporary trends in global business, driving the growth of international e-sales. The main research thesis is that the conjuncture and circumstances today allow any entrepreneur who wants to start up or develop their online business internationally, to accomplish it in a much shorter time compared to previous years. The paper explores and analyzes some contemporary trends in global business, which have a positive impact on international e-sales growth, namely – global expansion of payment tools and fintech companies; general reduction of international logistics costs and courier services costs; fulfillment services in outsourcing warehouse; Software as a Service (SaaS) and open source platforms; e-commerce personalization; social media e-commerce through influencers; interactive visualizations; robotic process automation. As a result of the study, it is concluded that contemporary trends in global business contribute significantly to the growth of international e-sales. Taking advantage of all the new opportunities that are available facilitates the prosperity of companies abroad in a much shorter time than in previous years.
EVALUATION VIABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Sumy National Agrarian University, Pylypenko Viacheslav , Lytovka Iryna ,   Sumy National Agrarian University
Published: February 2021

The article examines and systematizes factors affecting the viability of an agricultural enterprise (external: economic, political, legal, technological, climatic, socio-demographic, market) and internal factors (financial and economic, material and technical, production and technological, personnel and intellectual , innovative and environmental), which made it possible to substantiate the differences in the parameters for assessing the viability of an agricultural enterprise and, on this basis, build a three-vector model for assessing the viability of an enterprise for a targeted search for possible ways to increase its viability. An algorithm for assessing the viability of an enterprise has been built, including an assessment of the dynamics of indicators, their factor analysis and determination of the state of viability, which allows not only assessing the current state, but also predicting future development, which makes it possible for the enterprise to timely identify deviations and make informed management decisions. The practical significance of the obtained results of the study lies in the possibility of using the obtained theoretical and methodological provisions in the practical activities of agricultural enterprises to ensure their viability through the application in practice of evaluating the parameters that determine the viability of an enterprise as a tool for managing sustainable development.
PROSPECTS FOR BUSINESS-MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF INSURANCE MARKETPLACES
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technology and Design, Verhun Antonina , Soroka Anna ,   Kyiv National University of Technology and Design
Published: February 2021

In the time of the country’s digital economy, the success of innovation depends largely on progress in building a knowledge society, and digital development plays a key role in accelerating the country’s economic and social development as a whole. The processes of digitalization of Ukraine's economy are very slow, which leads to loss of competitive advantage in the world market, reduction of production and export of high-tech goods, so in the long run mass digitalization should become a priority for Ukraine. The article is devoted to the research of improvement directions of businessmodel formation for insurance marketplace under digital economy. The article defines the category essence "digital economy" and its main components. The institutional principles of digitalization development in Ukraine, as well as the economic and social effects of the digital economy have been studied. The degree of influence of economy’s digital transformation on functioning of national economic systems has been estimated. It has been proved that Ukraine creates favorable conditions for the development of digital economic infrastructure, but there are a number of technical features that prevent the availability of communication means for the population. Prospects for business-model development of insurance marketplaces in a digital economy and prospects for the insurance market development as a whole have been identified. Problems in the business model formation of the insurance marketplace, as well as the importance of digitalization for the insurance market as a new perspective for business development have been identified
PUBLISHING ACTIVITIES AS ONE OF THE CREATIVE ECONOMY SECTOR: APPROACHES AND RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   SHEE «Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman», Ischuk Yaroslava
Published: February 2021

Transition from the postindustrial economy to the economy of creativity, arts, original and fresh thinking, i. e. the creative economy, has been on more than twenty years now. Throughout his/her life a human closely interacts with various sectors of the creative economy by listening music, visiting a theatre, watching a movie, trying on clothes or choosing curtains. Creative thinking of a human both in daily and professional life, his/her perception of things is greatly significant today, which, combined with the acquired knowledge, can be laid in basis for the creative economy. Renewable resources of the creative economy, with knowledge, experiences and imaginations in the first place, are important, as they help create original goods or provide unique services. The definition of the notion of “creative economy” is investigated. A review of recent publications devoted to problems of creative economy development is made. It is determined that human values are at the core of the creative economy, by which the nation’s identity can be preserved in the creative economy context. The number of entities engaged in the publishing activities as a key creative economy sector is analyzed as part of the study. It is stressed that apart from publishing of books, newspapers or magazines, the publishing activities include publishing of computer games, software etc. It is revealed that the most successful business operation in 2010–2019 was demonstrated by the enterprises engaged in the publishing of computer software. The study gives grounds for the conclusion that creative economy issues require comprehensive in-depth studies. An investigation of the number of business entities engaged in the publishing could reveal that creative economy sectors had many problems reflected in unstable indicators of this economy dynamics.
RISK ASSESSMENT METHODS AND FEATURES OF THEIR USE IN HOUSING CONSTRUCTION FINANCING
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Balanska Olena , Kozyk Vasyl ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Panchenko Anna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Melnyk Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: February 2021

The article examines modern methods of risk assessment, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, as well as features of use. In particular, it is determined that most of them are based on the use of statistical data and postulates of probability theory. In the case when obtaining the necessary initial data is difficult, the methods of analogues or expert assessments are used, but they are subjective. In a separate group, we can distinguish methods that are based on the use of mathematical modeling, such as the scenarios method , project sensitivity analysis or game theory. Housing construction is characterized by a high level of risk, and the specifics of the industry complicate its unambiguous assessment and, consequently, its management. Therefore, to effectively manage the risks of financing the housing construction, it is necessary to choose an assessment method that can provide the most accurate result. The amount of risk in housing construction financing directly depends on the chosen financing mechanism, and its total value will consist of the sum of individual risks that arise at different stages of the process, and the amount of which can be estimated using different methods. It is necessary to develop a combined assessment model that not only combines different risks, but also considers them as a single object, the individual parts of which are not only related, but can also cross-influence each other. Such a model will combine economic-statistical, expert methods and methods of mathematical modeling.
WAYS TO IMPROVE FEA MANAGEMENT OF DOMESTIC VERTICALLY INTEGRATED COMPANIES
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Management, Tolpezhnikova Tetyana
Published: February 2021

Today the problem of an effectively functioning sphere of foreign economic activity both in Ukraine and in the international community is quite relevant, as such activities are carried out in today's global environment, which sets strict requirements for product quality, scientific and technological innovation and compliance with international standards. In modern conditions of society development, one of the main factors that helps to determine the competitiveness of the enterprise is the degree of growth of the foreign economic development system. The research used general theoretical methods of scientific knowledge: synthesis, deduction, induction and other methods. The article is devoted to topical issues of foreign economic activity management of domestic vertically integrated companies in modern conditions. Steps on the way of simplifying the procedures for customs clearance of goods have been considered, a detailed study and definition of a clear system of transition and further interaction of the enterprise with the new web portal and customs are required. The mechanism of implementation of foreign economic activity management at a vertically integrated type enterprise is analyzed. Were reviewed of the peculiarities of the creation and implementation of the "Single Window for International Trade". The importance of improving the professional level of foreign economic activity and the introduction of innovative aspects to improve the efficiency of vertically integrated companies was emphasized. The main steps on the way of improving the conduct of foreign economic activity by export-oriented enterprises in Ukraine, both on the part of the state and on the part of the enterprise. In order to improve foreign policy and select the most priority areas of development, it is necessary to implement a number of measures aimed at developing both research and development and research and innovation infrastructure and scientific and technical integration of the enterprise, which will provide results such as: leadership in indicators innovation activity in Ukraine; development and use of modern technologies that allow the production of new types of products; creation of new technologies based on energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. Practical significance of the obtained results: the sequence of actions of the vertically integrated company for increase of efficiency of foreign economic activity, the best perspective ways of development is offered, offers on improvement of foreign policy are developed.
ORGANISATIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND PROBLEMS OF ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT AS A PROSPECTIVE TYPE OF TOURISM ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Uman National University of Horticulture, Sakovska Оlena , Kozhukhіvska Raisa ,   Uman National University of Horticulture
Published: February 2021

Ecotourism activity is one of the promising areas for the development of the tourism sector. Ukraine has significant opportunities and recreational resources for the development of ecotourism. While occupying one of the key positions in the tourism industry, particularly in terms of low investment costs and rapid profits, ecotourism in Ukraine is still one of the important sectors of economic development. The article examines the key aspects of the development of ecotourism in Ukraine. It has been noted that ecotourism is an integrative area of recreational activity for people who build their relationship with nature and other people on the basis of mutual benefit, mutual respect and understanding. The analysis of a situation connected with organizational moments of occupation by ecotourist business has been carried out. It was found out that now, ecotourism in Ukraine, in its organized form, only begins to develop. The main obstacles to the development of ecotourism in Ukraine have been identified. It is noted that further ecotourism activities in Ukraine are impossible without the introduction of tourism marketing and regional tourism management. It is noted that the development of ecotourism should be supported in every way at the state level, in particular, in order to overcome the problems in the tourism sector should be developed and implemented by domestic and foreign economic investment programs related to the development of ecotourism. The key tasks of state programmes for the development of ecotourism in Ukraine were defined. As a result, it is stated that one of the key problems in the development of ecotourism in Ukraine is that there is currently no understanding at the legislative level of what ecotourism is and what its principles are. On the other hand, Ukraine has some experience of ecotourism development, both positive and negative. At the same time, however, it should be noted that ecotourism is one of the important components of an effective tourism policy in Ukraine.
Fruit quality: updated definition and modern methods of assessmen
Authors: Costa Guglielmo
Published: February 2021

The fruit appearance, the size and some organoleptic quality parameters have a strong influence on consumer acceptance. The most appreciated parameters are certainly the size, the sweetness and the color of the fruit skin. Other parameters are important as related to the processing destination of the fruit. Some of these parameters as the size and the skin color can be improved with the cultural management and are here reported some examples (i.e. PGRs application and protected cultivation). Finally the main standard and innovative devices for characterizing the main quality parameters are listed
Advanced technologies for cherry processing and packaging
Authors: Dalla Rosa Marco
Published: February 2021

The evolution of food technologies through the use of the so-called emerging technologies lays the basis for obtaining products with at least partial stabilization level against microbial alterations with minimal modifications of the intrinsic sensory and nutritional qualities of the finished products. High hydrostatic pressures, pulsed electric fields, cold plasma and osmodehydration can be used for the processing of sweet and sour cherries, with obtaining products of good quality and medium-long shelf-life avoiding highly impacting thermal treatments. High hydrostatic pressure can be used to obtain a partial stabilization of pitted cherries to prolong their shelf-life up to 15 days in refrigerated conditions without any severe thermal treatments. High pressure homogenization could be instead useful to multiple purposes like partial microbial stabilization, viscosity changes and bioactive compounds incapsulation of cherry juices. Water removal without state exchanges can be performed using the direct osmosis dewatering technology. Up to the 70 % of the initial water had been showed to be removed with the immersion of sweet cherries to a Dalla Rosa 58 hypertonic solution taking advantages of the difference of osmotic pressure between the fruits and the solution, even with any increase of temperature and very low energy demand. Since this technology is time consuming, pre-treatments like application of Ultrasounds or Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) have been successfully applied in fruit osmotic dewatering. Furthermore, combining the osmotic dehydration and vacuum pulses it has been possible to introduce interesting enriching components like bioactive substances, probiotics and vitamins to reinforce the healthy contents of cherries. Eventually, surface treatments could be adopted to optimize the cherry skin permeability. Among the new technologies potentially able to help the sanitation and thus the extension of the cherry shel-life, cold plasma could be applied to decontaminate the fruit surface also in this case without any temperature increase. The packaging of the fresh and finished products through the use of modified atmosphere pakaging (MAP), combined with the choice of the most suitable flexible films can be a further key to improve the shelf life of the products.
The mechanism of rain cracking of sweet cherry fruit
Authors: Knoche Moritz
Published: February 2021

Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cracking is a severe limitation in production worldwide. It is thought to be caused by excessive water uptake and a subsequent increase in turgor. When a critical threshold is exceeded (‘critical turgor’) the fruit is believed to crack. Experimental evidence supporting this wide spread concept is lacking. Instead, published data question the critical turgor hypothesis and an alternative explanation must be thought of. This mini review summarizes experimental research published in the last two decades that resulted in an alternative explanation of sweet cherry fruit cracking, the so called Zipper hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, cracking is the result of a series of events that ultimately propagate a crack through skin and flesh and ‘unzip’ the fruit. It is based on the following sequence of events: Tension (stress) develops in the skin during stage III growth and particularly in the cuticle due to a downregulation of genes involved in cutin and wax synthesis. Stress in the skin results in strain and microcracks in the cuticle. Furthermore, surface wetness on and high humidity above the strained cuticle aggravates microcracking. Microcracking impairs the cuticle’s barrier function and focuses water uptake in a particular region of the fruit surface. Water bypasses the cuticle, penetrates into the fruit and moves to sites where water potential is most negative. These are the large thin-walled parenchyma cells of the outer mesocarp that have a more negative osmotic potential than the small thick walled epidermal and hypodermal cells. Water uptake causes individual cells to burst. As a consequence, cell content leaks into the apoplast. Major constituents of sweet cherry such as glucose, fructose and malic acid now occur in the apoplast at comparable concentrations as in the symplast. The consequences are several fold: First, cell turgor decreases and is entirely lost when epidermal cells plasmolyse in the juice from the flesh. Second, malic acid extracts cell wall bound Ca, weakens cell walls and increases the permeability of plasma membranes causing a chain reaction of leakage of adjacent cells. The leakage of cells and the loss of the (low) turgor results in swelling of cell walls, in particular of the pectin middle lamella. Swollen cell walls have decreased stiffness, fracture tension and cell adhesion resulting in the separation of neighbouring cells along their cell walls. The tension generated by the strain of the skin is now sufficient to cause the cells to separate along their swollen walls and to rupture the skin. This process continues at the crack tip where the stress concentrates and causes the crack to elongate. The skin ‘unzips’ in the same way like a ‘zipper’ or a ‘ladder’ that propagates in a piece of knitted fabric.
Feasibility of FT-NIR spectroscopy and Vis/NIR hyperspectral imaging for sorting unsound chestnuts
Authors: Bedini Giacomo , Bastianelli Giorgia , Chakravartula Swathi Sirisha Nallan , Morales-Rodríguez Carmen , Rossini Luca , Speranza Stefano , Vannini Andrea , Moscetti Roberto , Massantini Riccardo
Published: February 2021

Authors explored the potential use of Vis/NIR hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and Fourier-transform Near-Infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy to be used as in-line tools for the detection of unsound chestnut fruits (i.e. infected and/or infested) in comparison with the traditional sorting technique. For the intended purpose, a total of 720 raw fruits were collected from a local company. Chestnut fruits were preliminarily classified into sound (360 fruits) and unsound (360 fruits) batches using a proprietary floating system at the facility along with manual selection performed by expert workers. The two batches were stored at 4 ± 1 °C until use. Samples were left at ambient temperature for at least 12 h before measurements. Subsequently, fruits were subjected to non-destructive measurements (i.e. spectral analysis) immediately followed by destructive analyses (i.e. microbiological and entomological assays). Classification models were trained using the Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) by pairing the spectrum of each fruit with the categorical information obtained from its destructive assay (i.e., sound, Y = 0; unsound, Y = 1). Categorical data were also used to evaluate the classification performance of the traditional sorting method. The performance of each PLS-DA model was evaluated in terms of false positive error (FP), false negative error (FN) and total error (TE) rates. The best result (8% FP, 14% FN, 11% TE) was obtained using Savitzky-Golay first derivative with a 5-points window of smoothing on the dataset of raw reflectance spectra scanned from the hilum side of fruit using the Vis/NIR HSI setup. This model showed similarity in terms of False Negative error rate with the best one computed using data from the FT-NIR setup (i.e. 15% FN), which, however, had the lowest global performance (17% TE) due to the highest False Positive error rate (19%). Finally, considering that the total error rate committed by the traditional sorting system was about 14.5% with a tendency of misclassifying unsound fruits, the results indicate the feasibility of a rapid, in-line detection system based on spectroscopic measurements.
Teleportation via the entangled derivative of coherent state
Authors: Othman Anas
Published: February 2021

Recently, David Yevick and I published an article [Othman, A. \& Yevick, D. Int J Theor Phys {\bf 57}, 2293 (2018)] about constructing a superposition of two nearly identical coherent states (near coherent state). We showed that this state becomes a superposition of a derivative state and a coherent state. Here, we use the definition of the derivative state to create the entangled derivative of coherent state (EDCS). We show that this state can be used to teleport qubits encoded in the near coherent states. The decoherence of EDCS is also studied. In addition, we propose an experimental scheme to produce the EDCS and to perform teleportation.
Periodic Fourier representation of Boolean functions
Authors: Mori Ryuhei
Published: February 2021

In this work, we consider a new type of Fourier-like representation of Boolean function f\colon\{+1,-1\}^n\to\{+1,-1\}: f(x) = \cos(\pi\sum_{S\subseteq[n]}\phi_S \prod_{i\in S} x_i). This representation, which we call the periodic Fourier representation, of Boolean function is closely related to a certain type of multipartite Bell inequalities and non-adaptive measurement-based quantum computation with linear side-processing NMQCp. The minimum number of non-zero coefficients in the above representation, which we call the periodic Fourier sparsity, is equal to the required number of qubits for the exact computation of f by \NMQCp. Periodic Fourier representations are not unique, and can be directly obtained both from the Fourier representation and the F_2-polynomial representation. In this work, we first show that Boolean functions related to ZZZZ-polynomial have small periodic Fourier sparsities. Second, we show that the periodic Fourier sparsity is at least 2^{\deg_{\mathbb{F}_2}(f)}-1, which means that NMQCp efficiently computes a Boolean function $f$ if and only if F_2-degree of f is small. Furthermore, we show that any symmetric Boolean function, e.g., AND_n, Mod^3_n, Maj_n, etc, can be exactly computed by depth-2 NMQCp using a polynomial number of qubits, that implies exponential gaps between NMQCp and depth-2 NMQCp.
Disparities in Air Pollution Exposure in the United States by Race-Ethnicity and Income, 1990 – 2010
Authors: Liu Jiawen , Clark Lara P. , Bechle Matthew , Hajat Anjum , Kim Sun-Young , Robinson Allen , Sheppard Lianne , Szpiro Adam A. , Marshall Julian D.
Published: February 2021

All data used are publicly available. Demographic data are available via IPUMS National Historic Geographic Information Systems [www.nhgis.org]; air pollution estimates are available via the EPA CACES project [www.caces.us]).
Optimized Halogen Atomic Radii for PBSA Calculations Using Off-Center Point-Charges
Authors: Fortuna Andreia , Costa Paulo J.
Published: February 2021

In force field methods, the usage of off-center point-charges, also called extra-points (EPs), is a common strategy to tackle the anisotropy of the electrostatic potential of covalently-bonded halogens (X), thus allowing the description of halogen bonds (XBs) at the molecular mechanics / molecular dynamics (MM/MD) level. Diverse EP implementations exist in the literature differing on the charge sets and/or the X–EP distances. Poisson–Boltzmann and surface area (PBSA) calculations can be used to obtain solvation free energies (∆G solv ) of small molecules, often to compute binding free energies (∆G bind ) at the MM PBSA level. This method depends, among other parameters, on the empirical assignment of atomic radii (PB radii). Given the multiplicity of off-center point-charges models and the lack of specific PB radii for halogens compatible with such implementations, in this work we assessed the performance of PBSA calculations for the estimation of ∆G solv values in water (∆G hyd ), also conducting an optimization of the halogen PB radii (Cl, Br, and I) for each EP model. We not only expand the usage of EP models in the scope of the General AMBER Force Field (GAFF) but also provide the first optimized halogen PB radii in the context of the CHARMM General Force Field (CGenFF), thus contributing to improving the description of halogenated compounds in PBSA calculations.
Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Çalışan Hemşirelerin Tükenmişlik Düzeyinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: KEKEÇ Dudu , TAN Mehtap
Published: February 2021

Amaç: Araştırma Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde çalışan hemşirelerin tükenmişlik düzeyinin belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma Ocak-Nisan 2014 tarihleri arasında Van Bölge Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Yoğun Bakım Klinik’lerinde çalışan 90 hemşire ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında; kişisel bilgi formu ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 20.0 paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal Wallis testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin % 80’inin 20-29 yaş arasında % 61,2’ sinin lisans mezunu, %83,5’inin yoğun bakımı kendi isteği ile seçtikleri, %70,6’sının 1-4 yıllık olduğu, %51,8’inin çalışma ortamından kısmen memnun oldukları, %38,8’inin iş imkanı olduğu için mesleği seçtikleri bulunmuştur. Ayda tutulan nöbet sayısı 10 ve üzeri olanlarda, mesleği ilk fırsatta değiştireceğim diyenlerde, çalışma ortamından memnun olmayanlarda duygusal tükenme puan ortalamaları ve duyarsızlaşma puan ortalamaları, bekar hemşirelerin ise duyarsızlaşma puan ortalaması yüksek olup aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Hemşirelerin yaşlarına, cinsiyetlerine ve eğitim durumlarına göre MTÖ’nin alt boyutları karşılaştırılmıştır ve anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05).MTÖ toplam puan ortalaması 46,91±8,4 olarak bulunmuştur. Duygusal tükenmişlik puan ortalaması 19,92±6,75, duyarsızlaşma puan ortalaması 6,34±3,53, kişisel başarı puan ortalaması 20,77±4,87 olarak bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçlarının yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan hemşirelerin tükenmişlik durumlarını önlemek için yapılacak girişimlere ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.