bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo da associação entre doenças crônicas naturais do envelhecimento e alterações da deglutição referidas por idosos da comunidade
Authors: Mourão Lucia Figueiredo , Xavier Danielle Akemi Neves , Neri Anita Liberalesso , Luchesi Karen Fontes
Published: October 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar associação entre as alterações de deglutição autorreferidas com doenças crônicas naturais do envelhecimento, aspectos socioeconômicos, demográficos, nutricionais e de saúde bucal, em idosos da comunidade. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo de corte transversal, proveniente de um inquérito de saúde com 900 idosos de 65 anos ou mais, recrutados em domicílio, na zona urbana de Campinas, São Paulo/Brasil, no contexto do estudo “Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros”. Todos foram submetidos a medidas sociodemográficas, antropométricas, de rastreio cognitivo, entre outras. Aos idosos sem sinais sugestivos de demência foi aplicado protocolo com questões dicotômicas (sim/não), baseadas no autorrelato de doenças crônicas, sintomas depressivos, saúde bucal e alteração da deglutição. As associações e as razões de prevalência foram investigadas por meio de regressão de Cox e valores de p<0,05 foram considerados significativos. Resultados A amostra foi composta por 507 idosos com 72 (+/-5,2) anos de idade, em média, sendo a maioria mulheres (62%). As doenças crônicas naturais do envelhecimento mais referidas foram hipertensão (62,1%) e artrite/reumatismo (43,5%). Apenas 12,4% não relataram nenhuma doença crônica. Sensação de alimento parado (16%) e engasgos ao se alimentar ou ingerir líquido (14,4%) foram as alterações de deglutição mais referidas. Sensação de boca seca, maior número de doenças crônicas, cardiopatias e osteoporose foram associados com alterações de deglutição. O aumento de idade foi relacionado apenas ao pigarro, após ingestão de algum alimento. Conclusão A coocorrência de doenças crônicas e a sensação de boca seca foram os fatores mais relacionados às alterações de deglutição. A idade foi associada apenas ao relato de pigarro após alimentação.
Relação entre prontidão para início da alimentação oral e desempenho alimentar em recém-nascidos pré-termo
Authors: Prade Leila Sauer , Bolzan Geovana de Paula , Berwig Luana Cristina , Yamamoto Raquel Coube de Carvalho , Vargas Camila Lehnhart , Silva Ana Maria Toniolo da , Weinmann Angela Regina Maciel
Published: October 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar se a presença de prontidão para iniciar a alimentação oral, obtida por meio do Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Scale (POFRAS) se relaciona com o desempenho alimentar na primeira oferta oral de leite, com o tempo de transição da sonda para a via oral plena e o tempo de internação hospitalar. Métodos Estudo longitudinal, que envolveu 65 recém-nascidos pré-termo. Foi realizada a avaliação da prontidão para início da alimentação oral, por meio do POFRAS, constituindo-se dois grupos: com e sem prontidão para iniciar a alimentação por via oral, em dois estratos de idade gestacional ao nascer: de 28 a 33 semanas e de 34 a 36 semanas. Em cada estrato, os grupos foram comparados entre si, quanto ao desempenho alimentar na primeira oferta oral de leite (por meio das variáveis proficiência, taxa de transferência e desempenho alimentar oral) e quanto ao tempo de transição da sonda para a via oral plena e o tempo de internação hospitalar. O teste t-Student ou o teste de Wilcoxon foram utilizados para comparar as variáveis contínuas e o teste exato de Fisher, para as variáveis categóricas. Resultados A prontidão para iniciar a alimentação por via oral se relacionou com melhores resultados de proficiência e taxa de transferência na primeira alimentação, contribuindo para a transição mais rápida da sonda para a via oral plena, nas crianças nascidas com idade gestacional entre 28 a 33 semanas. Conclusão a avaliação por meio do POFRAS permite estabelecer um prognóstico da alimentação oral em recém-nascidos pré-termo, menores de 34 semanas. No entanto, não exclui a necessidade de avaliação da biomecânica da deglutição.
Biofeedback eletromiográfico no tratamento das disfunções orofaciais neurogênicas: revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Freitas Gabriela Silva de , Mituuti Claudia Tiemi , Furkim Ana Maria , Busanello-Stella Angela Ruviaro , Stefani Fabiane Miron , Arone Marcela Maria Alves da Silva , Berretin-Felix Giédre
Published: October 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar se o uso do biofeedback eletromiográfico na terapia voltada às funções orofaciais (expressão facial, mastigação, deglutição, fonação e fala) produz efeitos benéficos para os indivíduos com doenças neurológicas. Estratégia de pesquisa Foi realizada busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e SciELO, por meio dos descritores “electromyographic biofeedback”, “swallowing”, “speech” “chewing”, “phonation”, e “facial expression”. A busca nas bases de dados e a seleção dos artigos foram realizadas independentemente, por duas pesquisadoras e, nos casos de não concordância, houve discussão fundamentada nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão para que chegassem a um consenso. Critérios de seleção Foram incluídos estudos experimentais em seres humanos, em inglês e português, que descreveram e discutiram a utilização do biofeedback eletromiográfico no tratamento das alterações das funções orofaciais provenientes de doenças neurológicas. Resultados Foram encontrados 175 artigos, sendo que somente 10 se adequaram aos critérios de inclusão. A maioria dos trabalhos relacionou-se a estudo de caso, seguido por estudos de série de casos, caso controle e ensaio clínico randomizado. A maior parte dos artigos abordou a aplicação da terapia com biofeedback eletromiográfico na função da deglutição, seguida da função da fala e apenas um artigo utilizou esta modalidade de tratamento na terapia para melhora da expressão facial. Não foram encontrados estudos que abordassem o tratamento fonoaudiológico utilizando o biofeedback eletromiográfico em pacientes com doenças neurológicas, nas funções de fonação e mastigação. Conclusão O uso do biofeedback eletromiográfico na terapia voltada às funções orofaciais pode produzir efeitos benéficos para os indivíduos com doenças neurológicas, nas funções de deglutição, fala e expressão facial.
Audição e qualidade de vida de músicos de uma orquestra sinfônica brasileira
Authors: Lüders Débora , Gonçalves Cláudia Giglio de Oliveira , Lacerda Adriana Bender Moreira de , Schettini Sônia Regina Lazarotto , Silva Luciana Santos Gerosino da , Albizu Evelyn Joyce , Marques Jair Mendes
Published: October 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o impacto da exposição à música na audição e na qualidade de vida de músicos de uma orquestra sinfônica brasileira. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo transversal, descritivo, sobre os aspectos da saúde auditiva de 30 músicos da orquestra sinfônica do Paraná, com idade entre 33 e 54 anos. Foram medidos os níveis de pressão sonora a que os músicos estão expostos durante um ensaio da orquestra e os participantes responderam a um questionário sobre a prática musical e o questionário SF-36, que investiga a qualidade de vida. Foi realizada audiometria convencional e de altas frequências. Resultados Durante o ensaio da orquestra, foram observados níveis de pressão sonora que colocam a audição dos músicos em risco. Os sintomas auditivos mais relatados foram zumbido e intolerância a sons intensos. Na audiometria convencional, mais da metade dos músicos apresentou perda auditiva neurossensorial, com piores resultados nas frequências mais altas. Na audiometria de altas frequências, também foram encontrados limiares auditivos mais elevados nas frequências mais altas. Quanto à qualidade de vida, houve correlação significativa para os músicos com perda auditiva no domínio “limitação por aspectos emocionais”. Conclusão Os níveis de pressão sonora a que os músicos estão expostos são excessivos, colocando em risco a sua audição. A perda auditiva, juntamente com outros sintomas auditivos, pode interferir na qualidade de vida, uma vez que a audição é fundamental para essa categoria profissional.
Tendências do setor postal no cenário internacional: liberalização, regulação do mercado e reestruturação organizacional
Authors: Teixeira Tadeu Gomes
Published: October 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as tendências do sistema postal no cenário internacional com foco nos mecanismos de regulação do mercado e nos processos de reestruturação dos modelos organizacionais dos operadores públicos rumo à corporatização e privatização, evidenciando os impactos sobre a esfera do trabalho. O artigo foi realizado por meio de uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica e dados secundários da União Postal Universal. Foram compilados e analisados relatórios produzidos por organismos multilaterais e blocos regionais. Dentre as principais conclusões, verifica-se a liberalização dos mercados postais como tendência predominante associada a processos graduais de concentração de mercado e consequente formação de oligopólios, sobretudo por grupos transnacionais. A liberalização postal tem sido acompanhada de processos de reestruturação organizacional e privatização dos operadores estatais sob a justificativa da modernização gerencial. Além disso, constatam-se processos de reestruturação operacional e, concomitantemente, precarização do trabalho e crescente redução dos postos de trabalho no setor.
Capital cultural, conhecimento e dominação social: as pistas e os problemas levantados pela dominação financeira contemporânea
Authors: Grün Roberto
Published: October 2016

Resumo O mundo das finanças costuma ser visto como a esfera mais racional da sociedade, na qual só funcionam e são admitidas considerações práticas de ordem econômica. O intuito deste artigo é de, a partir de alterações recentes da economia brasileira, mostrar como esse espaço está, ele também, baseado num conjunto de pressupostos culturais. Mudando esses pressupostos, muda também o conjunto de possibilidades abertas para a ação e a reflexão econômica, com consequências importantes também na esfera política, a ponto de podermos afirmar a existência de um novo modo de dominação. O material empírico para o desenvolvimento dessa hipótese vem prioritariamente das transformações do campo das finanças no Brasil recente e a tentativa de demonstração apresenta algumas nuances dos sistemas classificatórios que regem o campo do poder da contemporaneidade nacional. As transformações, e as ações dos atores que nelas estão implicados, desvelam também um sistema classificatório robusto, surgido fundamentalmente com a redemocratização do Brasil, cuja pregnância espero conseguir demonstrar no texto.
Metropolização, homicídios e segurança pública na área metropolitana de Brasília: o município de Águas Lindas de Goiás
Authors: Batista Analía Soria , França Karla Christina Batista , Berdet Marcelo , Pinto Marizângela Aparecida de Bortolo
Published: October 2016

Resumo Neste artigo se discute o quadro metropolitano dos homicídios em 2010 em um município do Entorno de Brasília, Águas Lindas de Goiás (GO). As externalidades negativas da metropolização de Brasília, em interface com a estrutura e organização da segurança pública e a fragilidade das ações da assistência social no município, esclarecem a dinâmica dos homicídios e os fatores estruturais que influenciam para a sua ocorrência. A pesquisa baseia-se em dados socioeconômicos secundários e em entrevistas realizadas junto aos atores da segurança pública e da assistência social. Os resultados apontam para a segregação socioespacial e a exclusão social no processo de urbanização do município, o alto grau de interação econômica e social deste último com o Distrito Federal, isto é, a polarização que o Distrito Federal exerce na oferta ao mercado de trabalho e de serviços básicos de educação e saúde. Neste quadro, e em face da alta taxa de homicídios no município, o artigo indica a necessidade de políticas cooperadas entre os diferentes entes da Federação envolvidos (União, estados, Distrito Federal e municípios) na área econômica e social e das políticas de segurança pública.
O desenvolvimento humano em contextos específicos: as propostas dos Relatórios de Desenvolvimento Humano do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento e os desafios postos pelos estudos sobre a América Latina
Authors: Rezende Maria José de
Published: October 2016

Resumo Como todos os anos desde 1990, os Relatórios de Desenvolvimento Humano (RDHs), encomendados pelas Nações Unidas, buscam inserir na agenda pública um conjunto de ações que envolvam lideranças políticas, governantes, intelectuais, técnicos e organizações da sociedade civil. O objetivo deste artigo é verificar, a partir de algumas pesquisas feitas na América Latina e divulgadas através dos Anais do XXIX Congresso Associação Latino-Americana de Sociologia (Alas), que ocorreu na cidade de Santiago do Chile, em 2013, se, na atualidade, há indicação de que está havendo, de fato, a sedimentação de processos de desenvolvimento humano capazes de indicar que estejam ocorrendo melhorias duradouras para as populações que vivem em situação de pobreza. Ainda que não haja qualquer diálogo direto entre os relatórios e as pesquisas examinadas, pode-se afirmar que elas têm sido produzidas em virtude de um interesse crescente, nas ciências sociais, em compreender se estão ou não em andamento processos de combate à privação e à impotência a que os mais pobres estão submetidos em várias partes do mundo.
Os usos discursivos da ciência e da tecnologia nas disputas políticas ambientais
Authors: Lima João Vicente Barroso da Costa , Neves Fabrício Monteiro , Rodrigues Léo Peixoto
Published: October 2016

Resumo O ensaio problematiza a articulação entre a sociologia ambiental e os estudos sociais em ciência, tecnologia e sociedade relativamente às injunções entre o campo científico e o campo político-social, a propósito do embate público sobre a construção social dos problemas ambientais. O ensaio é consequência de investigação teórica de autores convencionalmente separados em subcampos da sociologia ambiental (Beck, Hannigan, Yarley) e da sociologia e estudos de ciência e tecnologia (Jasanoff, Knorr-Cetina, Collins), em um esforço de síntese de uma nova problematização que reúna aspectos epistemológicos e político-culturais referentes a mecanismos estruturadores tanto do campo científico quanto do campo político-cultural, entendidos mais como inter-relacionados, de maneira a conformar o que se denomina provisoriamente de arena epistêmico-política.
Provas do intraduzível de uma língua para outra
Authors: Stitou Rajaa
Published: October 2016

Resumo: A prova do intraduzível diz respeito ao encontro da falta de dizer tudo, encontro que faz de cada pessoa um estranho na própria terra de seus enunciados. Esse intraduzível está ligado à condição de ser falante e a algo estruturador para o sujeito na sua articulação com o vínculo social. Assim, ele pode abrir o caminho da criatividade, mas pode também exercer certa violência quando não é reconhecido como portador de alteridade. Como se manifesta essa relação com o intraduzível num contexto de globalização dominado pela novilíngua e onde a fronteira das línguas se tornou um desafio político iminentemente crítico? E qual é a situação dos sujeitos que estão sofrendo na sua chamada língua materna a tal ponto de se verem obrigados a mudar de língua? O intraduzível é questionado por meio das lesões e do totalitarismo da língua. Ele também será levado em consideração em seus efeitos de fala e de inventividade através da transferência.
Militância no Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST): um olhar psicanalítico
Authors: Domingues Eliane
Published: October 2016

Resumo: Pretende-se trazer as contribuições da psicanálise para pensar a militância no Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) como práticas que ressignificam o passado e podem ser enriquecedoras para os sujeitos. Para tanto, apresentaremos as contribuições dos psicanalistas Arantes (1999) e Muldworf (2000) para o estudo da militância política e faremos uma breve caracterização do MST e de seus militantes. Destaca-se que a adesão a ideais sociais e lugar de prestígio que ocupa o militante no movimento lhe possibilita gratificação e revitalização narcísica e que estas não devem ser negligenciadas pelos movimentos sociais e nos estudos sobre a temática.
Mortality and potential years of life lost by road traffic injuries in Brazil, 2013
Authors: Andrade Silvânia Suely Caribé de Araújo , Mello-Jorge Maria Helena Prado de
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the potential years of life lost by road traffic injuries three years after the beginning of the Decade of Action for Traffic Safety. METHODS We analyzed the data of the Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM – Mortality Information System) related to road traffic injuries, in 2013. We estimated the crude and standardized mortality rates for Brazil and geographic regions. We calculated, for the Country, the proportional mortality according to age groups, education level, race/skin color, and type or quality of the victim while user of the public highway. We estimated the potential years of life lost according to sex. RESULTS The mortality rate in 2013 was of 21.0 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants for the Country. The Midwest region presented the highest rate (29.9 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants). Most of the deaths by road traffic injuries took place with males (34.9 deaths per 100,000 males). More than half of the people who have died because of road traffic injuries were of black race/skin color, young adults (24.2%), individuals with low schooling (24.0%), and motorcyclists (28.5%). The mortality rate in the triennium 2011-2013 decreased 4.1%, but increased among motorcyclists. Across the Country, more than a million of potential years of life were lost, in 2013, because of road traffic injuries, especially in the age group of 20 to 29 years. CONCLUSIONS The impact of the high mortality rate is of over a million of potential years of life lost by road traffic injuries, especially among adults in productive age (early mortality), in only one year, representing extreme social cost arising from a cause of death that could be prevented. Despite the reduction of mortality by road traffic injuries from 2011 to 2013, the mortality rates increased among motorcyclists.
Ethical aspects of brain death and end-of-life
Authors: Oselka Gabriel , Oliveira Reinaldo Ayer de
Published: October 2016

Abstract Ethical issues surrounding brain death and end-of-life have not been afforded in Brazil the same attention as in many developed countries. There appears to be reluctance on the part of Brazilian doctors to limit or suspend procedures or treatment which prolongs life of patients in terminal phases of severe incurable illness, or to suspend the artificial means of supporting vegetative functions in cases of brain death outside the context of organ and tissue donation for transplant. Fears grounded in possible administrative (Regional Medical Councils) or legal repercussions, as well as ambiguous interpretations of religious precepts, partially explain this reluctance which often results in unnecessary prolonging of patient suffering. A recent resolution by the Federal Medical Council on end-of-life may offer doctors some guidance and confidence in dealing with highly complex ethical situations.
The daily life of patients with dementia: A comparative study between the information provided by the caregiver and direct patient assessment
Authors: Bressan Lucia Aparecida , Vale Francisco de Assis Carvalho , Speciali José Geraldo
Published: October 2016

Abstract The functionality concept is very important, as the diagnosis of dementia presupposes the existence of functional impairment. Instruments assessing functional performance present some limitations. In most cases, the assessment is based on the caregiver's report. Some studies in international literature have evaluated this issue and concluded that a difference exists between the caregiver's report and direct patient assessment. American and European caregivers tend to underestimate the patient's functional limitations. However, this issue has hitherto not been investigated in our context. Objective: To compare the caregiver's information with direct assessment of the patient's performance based on the same functional assessment questionnaire. Methods: Seventy-two patients and caregivers were attended by the Occupational Therapy service of the Behavioral Neurology Outpatient Clinic between 1999 and 2001, 25 of whom fulfilled the inclusion criteria: having a confirmed diagnosis of dementia according to the DSM-IV; having attended three or more return appointments, and where the caregiver belonged to the patient's family nucleus. The remaining subjects were excluded because of non-adherence to treatment or refusal to participate in the study. The Functional Activities Questionnaire by Pfeffer et al., 1982 was applied to patients in a laboratory simulation, while another evaluator interviewed the respective caregivers. The data were analyzed based on the weighted Kappa coefficient, and Wilcoxon test. Results: There were significative differences between caregiver's answers and direct observation of the patient's performance. The information provided by the caregivers proved unreliable since caregivers underestimated the patient's functional capacity.
Semantic, phonologic, and verb fluency in Huntington's disease
Authors: Azambuja Mariana Jardim , Haddad Monica Santoro , Radanovic Marcia , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Mansur Letícia Lessa
Published: October 2016

Abstract Verbal fluency tasks have been identified as important indicators of executive functioning impairment in patients with frontal lobe dysfunction. Although the usual evaluation of this ability considers phonologic and semantic criteria, there is some evidence that fluency of verbs would be more sensitive in disclosing frontostriatal physiopathology since frontal regions primarily mediate retrieval of verbs. Huntington's disease usually affects these circuitries. Objective: To compare three types of verbal fluency task in the assessment of frontal-striatal dysfunction in HD subjects. Methods: We studied 26 Huntington's disease subjects, divided into two subgroups: mild (11) and moderate (15) along with 26 normal volunteers matched for age, gender and schooling, for three types of verbal fluency: phonologic fluency (F-A-S), semantic fluency and fluency of verbs. Results: Huntington's disease subjects showed a significant reduction in the number of words correctly generated in the three tasks when compared to the normal group. Both controls and Huntington's disease subjects showed a similar pattern of decreasing task performance with the greatest number of words being generated by semantic elicitation followed by verbs and lastly phonologic criteria. We did not find greater production of verbs compared with F-A-S and semantic conditions. Moreover, the fluency of verbs distinguished only the moderate group from controls. Conclusion: Our results indicated that phonologic and semantic fluency can be used to evaluate executive functioning, proving more sensitive than verb fluency. However, it is important to point out that the diverse presentations of Huntington's disease means that an extended sample is necessary for more consistent analysis of this issue.
Sentence comprehension in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Prieto Fernanda , Radanovic Márcia , Schmitt Cristina , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Mansur Letícia Lessa
Published: October 2016

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with dementia have impairment of syntactic comprehension. Non-demented PD patients also experience difficulties in sentence comprehension and can be particularly impaired in the processing of grammatical characteristics of syntactically complex sentences. Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the performance of PD patients without dementia in a syntactic comprehension task compared with normal elderly. Methods: We studied oral sentence comprehension in fourteen patients with idiopathic PD together with fourteen controls matched for age and education, using the Token Test and Schmitt's Syntactic Comprehension Test (developed in Brazilian Portuguese). Results: For the Token Test, there was no statistically significant difference between the PD group and the control group, whereas on the Syntactic Comprehension Test there was a slight statistically significant difference between the groups only for relatives in subject clauses (p=0.0407). Conclusions: PD patients differed from controls in the oral comprehension for relatives subject sentences alone. These results did not strictly reproduce those previously reported in the literature, and therefore point to the need for creating tests with diverse syntactic constructions in Portuguese able to produce consistent data regarding language behavior of Brazilian subjects with PD in comprehension tasks.
Neuropsychological rehabilitation in a patient with ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm: 48 month outcomes
Authors: Bolognani Silvia A. Prado , Covre Priscila , Landucci-Moreira Daniella , Rivero Thiago S. , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi , Bueno Orlando Francisco Amodeo
Published: October 2016

Abstract The neurobehavioral impairments associated with aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) are severe amnesia, executive problems and personality changes. Although most patients achieve a favorable neurological outcome, those cognitive deficits usually prevent return to previous activities and levels of social integration. Objectives: To report the outcomes of a neuropsychological and behavioral intervention in a 55 year-old man with very severe memory and executive dysfunctions following ACoA aneurysm rupture. Methods: Neuropsychological intervention focused in functional adjustment in everyday life was used, including individual sessions with the patient, discussion sessions with caregivers and also work with patient at home, aiming generalization of the rehabilitation strategies. Neuropsychological and functional assessments were conducted pre and post intervention. Results: Important improvements were seeing in behavior and daily living performance after treatment. Conclusions: A neuropsychological rehabilitation approach focused on goals based on the family and caregivers necessities is an efficient manner in which to carry out cognitive rehabilitation in severe cases. The importance of a supportive family should be stressed.
Profile of caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients attended at a reference center for cognitive disorders
Authors: Moscoso Marco Antonio , Marques Rita de Cássia Gomes , Ribeiz Salma Rose Imanari , Santos Lysandra dos , Bezerra Diana Moitinho , Jacob Filho Wilson , Nitrini Ricardo , Bottino Cássio Machado de Campos
Published: October 2016

Abstract This is a study on burden of caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease attended at a Reference Center for Cognitive Disorders. Objective: To evaluate the profile and burden on caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease attended at a Reference Center for Cognitive Disorders. Methods: We collected demographic information and data on the relationship with the patient from caregivers, and measured burden with the Zarit scale. The patients were evaluated with the following scales: the Cambridge Cognitive Test (CAMCOG); Mini Mental State Examination, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory for neuropsychiatry symptoms, and Functional Activities Questionnaire - FAQ for functional impairment. Results: Of the 31 caregivers, 77.4% were female, predominantly, and daughters, having a mean age of 58.6 years, educational level of 8.1 years, 70% of caregivers co-resided with the patient and 71% did not work. The mean time as a caregiver was 3 years. Twenty-seven percent of the caregivers presented mild to severe burden. The variables presenting significant association with caregiver burden were scores on the NPI and CAMCOG. Conclusion: The social demographic characteristics of the sample were similar to those of studies performed in other countries. The average time as a caregiver and the frequency of caregivers with mild to intense burden were lower than those reported in international studies. Neuropsychiatric symptoms and severity of cognitive decline were the main factors associated to burden in this sample of mostly mild to moderate demented AD patients. Further studies are necessary to verify whether the burden is indeed less intense in our milieu.
A Randomized Phase II Study of Linsitinib (OSI-906) Versus Topotecan in Patients With Relapsed Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Chiappori Alberto A. , Otterson Gregory A. , Dowlati Afshin , Traynor Anne M. , Horn Leora , Owonikoko Taofeek K. , Ross Helen J. , Hann Christine L. , Abu Hejleh Taher , Nieva Jorge , Zhao Xiuhua , Schell Michael , Sullivan Daniel M.
Published: October 2016

Lessons Learned

Targeted therapy options for SCLC patients are limited; no agent, thus far, has resulted in a strategy promising enough to progress to phase III trials. Linsitinib, a potent insulin growth factor-1-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, may be one agent with activity against SCLC. Despite lack of a reliable predictive biomarker in this disease, which may have partly contributed to the negative outcome reported here, linsitinib, although safe, showed no clinical activity in unselected, relapsed SCLC patients.

Background.

Treatment of relapsed small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains suboptimal. Insulin growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling plays a role in growth, survival, and chemoresistance in SCLC. Linsitinib is a potent IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitor that potentially may be active against SCLC.

Methods.

In this phase II study, 8 eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:2 ratio to topotecan (1.5 mg/m2 intravenously or 2.3 mg/m2 orally, daily for 5 days for 4 cycles) or linsitinib (150 mg orally twice daily until progression). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival. Patients with relapsed SCLC, platinum sensitive or resistant, performance status (PS) 0–2, and adequate hematologic, renal, and hepatic function were enrolled. Patients with diabetes, cirrhosis, and those taking insulinotropic agents were excluded. Crossover to linsitinib was allowed at progression.

Results.

Fifteen patients received topotecan (8 resistant, 3 with PS 2) and 29 received linsitinib (16 resistant, 5 with PS 2). Two partial responses were observed with topotecan. Only 4 of 15 patients with topotecan and 1 of 29 with linsitinib achieved stable disease. Median progression-free survival was 3.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5–3.6) and 1.2 (95% CI, 1.1–1.4) months for topotecan and linsitinib, respectively (p = .0001). Median survival was 5.3 (95% CI, 2.2–7.6) and 3.4 (95% CI, 1.8–5.6) months for topotecan and linsitinib, respectively (p = .71). Grade 3/4 adverse events (>5% incidence) included anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia/leukopenia, diarrhea, fatigue, dehydration, and hypokalemia for topotecan; and thrombocytopenia, fatigue, and alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase elevations for linsitinib.

Conclusion.

Linsitinib was safe but showed no clinical activity in unselected, relapsed SCLC patients.
Briefing: Governments as drivers for a circular economy
Authors: ten Wolde Arthur
Published: October 2016

Governments play a key role in accelerating the development towards a circular economy. Integrating circularity into public procurement is high on the list of leading companies. Other needs are financial incentives for businesses and consumers, an EU directive for circular design and attractive research programmes. Creating a circular economy has risen fast on the political agenda over the past 3 years. It started in the UK with the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, rapidly followed up by the Dutch Circle Economy. By now, a growing international arena of organisations is committed to the realisation of a circular economy. This is a translated and actualised version of an article published in the Dutch magazine Milieu in March 2016.
Perceived Maternal Acceptance Rejection And Control On Primary School Children
Authors: Özbiler Şerife
Published: October 2016

Parental acceptance is important for children. Children need to receive positive responses from their parents. Based on the literature, children who are neglected by their mothers are more significantly associated with psychological and social maladjustment. On the contrary, if children are accepted by their mothers, this is connected with psychological and social adjustment in their life. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between perceived maternal acceptance-rejection and control and psychological and social maladjustment in a sample of primary school students residing in a rural community. The main aim was to further understand the mother - child relationship and develop family school cooperation. The participants were a group of 36 primary school students aged between 9 to 11 and their 2 class teachers and a vice chair of the school in Karpaz of İskele district, North Cyprus. Demographical Information Sheet, Child/Adult: PAR/Control Mother Version Questionnaire and Conners Teacher Evaluation Scale – Revised Long Form was used. The main findings indicated that perceived maternal acceptance mean scores were higher than perceived rejection and control. Perceptions of children maternal rejection were significantly correlated with children psychological and social maladjustment. However, no significant relationships were found between mother’s education, occupation and perceived maternal acceptance, rejection and control and children’s psychological and social maladjustment. The significance of the study and its limitations are discussed.
The Investigation of Primary School Teachers' Opinions Related to the Current Events
Authors: SAĞLAM Halil İbrahim , Bozkan Rabia Eda , Bozkan Erkan
Published: October 2016

The aim of this study is to examine primary school teachers’ opinions related to current events. The study group is consisted of total 30 primary school teachers who take part in 15 female (%50) and 15 male (%50) in Sakarya during 2015 -2016 the education year. The study is carried out under science facts pattern of qualitative research designs. In order to reveal teachers’ views on current events, the form of semi-structured interviews from which is qualitative data collection tools is used. There are two sections in this study. First section is about teachers' personal information and second section is about teachers' questions to determine their views on current events. For the content validity of the questions in the negotiation form, it has been consulted with three experts and made the necessary adjustments in line with their proposals. In addition, the clarity of the questions in the negotiation form has been checked by discussing with five teachers and then the form has been finalized. The data obtained from teachers is analyzed by using content analysis. In the study, it is concluded that 97% of the teachers follow the current events. It is shown that 93% of female teachers and 100% male teachers follow the current events. Also, it is indicated that %100 of the teachers use the internet in their house.
The Relationship between Personality Factors and Organizational Commitment of Iranian Primary School Principals
Authors: Shabahang Mohammad Javad , Amani Malahat
Published: October 2016

This study was conducted with the aim to study the relationship between personality factors and organizational commitment among a group of Iranian primary school principals. The sample included all the 108 primary school principals of Ardabil, a northern city of Iran. The study drew on a descriptive correlational research design. The research instruments consisted of The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (Meyer & Alen, 1991).The data were analyzed through Pearson and Spearman correlations, Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the personality factor of emotional stability and organizational commitment. In addition, there were negative significant relationships between the personality factors of self-assured, conservative and group-dependent and organizational commitment. However, no other personality factor was significantly correlated with organizational commitment. Moreover, no significant difference was found between male and female principals regarding their organizational commitment. As emotional stability was a significant predictor of organizational commitment and organizational commitment is associated with positive working outputs, it is highly suggested that organizations pay special attention to the personality features of the human resources for employment.
About illegality determination of the validity of evidence through forensic examination. Information letter.
Authors: Smirnova S. , Makushkin E.V. , Asnis A. , Vaske E. , Dozortseva E.G. , Safuanov F.S. , Shishkov S.N. , Shipshin S.S. , Oshevsky D.S. , Berdnikov D. , Sekerazh T.N. , Kalinina A.
Published: October 2016

This letter prepared in connection with a growing number of complaints of investigators and making decisions on the appointment of psychological examination of the credibility of the video recording of interrogations and dictated by the need to arrange expert practice on the study of video footage of carrying out certain investigative actions with various actors in the criminal process.
The newsletter discusses the purpose of such examinations and grounds the studies, in accordance with scientific principles of professional activity of experts.
The letter was prepared under the supervision of the Director of the FBI, Federal center of forensic expertise under the Ministry of justice of Russia, doctor of legal Sciences, Professor, honored lawyer of the Russian Federation, honorary worker of justice of Russia of S. A. Smirnova, Deputy General Director for science of Federal State Budgetary Institution "V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, doctor of medical Sciences, Professor E. V., Makushkina (doctor of juridical science A. Ya. Asnis, doctor of psychological Sciences, Vaske E. V., doctor of psychological Sciences, Professor E. G. Dozortseva, doctor of psychological Sciences, Professor F. S. Safuanov, PhD, associate Professor S. N. Shishkov, PhD, Professor S. S. Shipshin, PhD, associate Professor D. S. Oshevsky, PhD V. Berdnikov, PhD, associate Professor T. N. Sekerazh, PhD A. N. Kalinin.
For investigators, judges, prosecutors, heads of Federal budgetary establishments of the Ministry of justice, judicial psychologists.
For investigators, judges, prosecutors, heads of Federal budgetary establishments of the Ministry of justice, judicial psychologists.
Decriminalization of articles of the Criminal code and the formation of "norms of revenge" in schoolchildren
Authors: Safuanov F.S. , Bodrova O. , Dokuchaeva N.
Published: October 2016

In light of the upcoming decriminalization of minor offenses, the article considers the problem of formation of "norms of revenge" as one of the components of legal consciousness. The study of explicit representations of pupils of 5 th and 10 th grade and adults about the penalties for crimes of varying severity. Pupils have also investigated implicit beliefs. Among all groups surveyed understanding of the necessary terms of punishment for crimes does not coincide with the norms of criminal legislation, their ideas about the "rule of retaliation" involve a more severe punishment for almost all crimes, especially small weight. At the same time, adults and students adequately understand the hierarchy of seriousness of the offence. The gap between the explicit and the implicit ideas about the "rule of retribution" for the crimes was noted only in the youngest adolescents. In adults, compared to juveniles, there is a more pronounced polarization and differentiation of views on the measures necessary punishment for the crime. The conclusion is that in the process of education pay little attention to the formation of an adequate evaluation of the relationship to law students.
Normative base of organization of psychological and pedagogical expertise in the educational system of the Russian Federation
Authors: Umnyashova I.B. , Egorov I.A.
Published: October 2016

The article describes the results of a study aimed at the analysis of requirements for the various types of expertise (psychological, pedagogical, psychological, pedagogical) in normative legal acts and other documents governing the activity of specialists in the national system of education. Analyzed 25 documents: Federal laws, regulations and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation, orders and letters of the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation, orders and decrees of the Ministry of labour and social protection of the Russian Federation. Describes the concept of "psychological and pedagogical expertise in the documents governing the activity of specialists in the education system. Reveals the importance of the development of competences of educational expertise in the process of training in educational programs of higher education. Describes the types of examinations in the education system, enshrined in the Russian legislation: a psychological examination, socio-psychological expertise, pedagogical expertise. The absence of a single clear definition of the notion "psycho-pedagogical expertise" in the regulatory documents.
The ability of juvenile offenders with personality immaturity to conscious leadership by their actions
Authors: Fedonkina A.A.
Published: October 2016

This article discusses the characteristics of the phenomenon of personality immaturity, stand out its main features, described differences in their quantitative representation of juvenile offenders, clinical features the diagnosis of mental disorders in juvenile offenders with personality immaturity. Special attention is given to how identified characteristics of personality immaturity affects to the ability of juvenile offenders to conscious regulation of their activities, including the potential ability and current ability of minors accused to realize the significance of their actions and control them when they commit socially dangerous acts. The studied parameters are compared in samples of juvenile offenders with personality immaturity and without it.
Efficacy of Dapsone 5% gel in treatment of Acne vulgaris
Authors: Jawade Sugat A. , Singh Adarshlata
Published: October 2016

Background: Acne vulgaris is chronic inflammatory disorder of pilosebaceous unit mainly characterized by comedones, papules and nodulocystic lesions affecting face and upper trunk. Topical dapsone 5% gel is approved to treat acne vulgaris because of its anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities.

Methods: A single center, open label interventional study was conducted during 1 year period in dermatology OPD of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra. Patients were enrolled in the study considering inclusion criteria. Patients were asked to apply dapsone 5% gel twice daily on face for 12 week. Efficacy was evaluated by mean percent reduction in total, inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions and success rate on change in investigator global acne severity assessment scale while tolerability was assessed by evaluating skin dryness, erythema, stinging or burning sensation and scaling at baseline, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 week.

Results: At end of 12 week, success rate reached to 31.54%. Dapsone 5% gel was effective in reduction of total, non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions by 57.75%, 52% and 63.1% respectively. Side effects with dapsone gel were tolerable, mild and transient.

Conclusions: Dapsone 5% gel was efficacious and well tolerated in non-inflammatory as well as inflammatory acne lesions. 
Las chalconas y su uso como precursores en la síntesis de compuestos heterocíclicos nitrogenados
Authors: Insuasty- Obando Braulio
Published: October 2016

La síntesis de nuevos compuestos con posible actividad biológica es un gran reto de la investigación en química orgánica y medicinal y es de gran impacto debido a las posibilidades de desarrollo de nuevas alternativas terapéuticas para el tratamiento de diversos tipos de enfermedades. En este documento se presenta un resumen del trabajo investigativo realizado por el profesor Braulio Insuasty Obando y sus colaboradores en los últimos años en la línea de investigación de síntesis de compuestos heterocíclicos nitrogenados de 5, 6 y 7 miembros (pirazolinas, piridinas y diazepinas) con posible actividad biológica a partir de 1,3-difenil-2-propen-1-onas (chalconas) y sus análogos. La preparación y caracterización de los nuevos compuestos se realizó en el Grupo de Investigación de Compuestos Heterocíclicos de la Universidad del Valle. Para llevar a cabo las reacciones de síntesis, además de las fuentes de energía convencionales (calentamiento a reflujo) se utilizaron fuentes no convencionales como la radiación de microondas, ultrasonido. Algunas reacciones se llevaron a cabo utilizando metodologías amigables con el medio ambiente como: reacciones libres de disolvente y reacciones multicomponentes. El uso de estas metodologías sintéticas nos permite realizar reacciones más limpias, en menor tiempo y con mejores rendimientos. Los compuestos sintetizados se caracterizaron usando técnicas espectroscópicas como FT-IR, RMN-1D y 2D, espectrometría de masas, análisis elemental y difracción de rayos X en algunos casos. © Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat. 2016.
Vigilancia de morbilidad materna extrema en una institución de referencia en Cali, Colombia, 2013-2014
Authors: Barbosa-Rengifo Mario Miguel , Morales-Plaza Cristhian David , Amézquita-Abello María Claudia , Martínez-Buitrago Diana Milena
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: describir la razón de prevalencia de la morbilidad materna extrema (MME) y las características de la población en la que se presentó.

Materiales y métodos:estudio de corte transversal basado en la vigilancia epidemiológica durante los años 2013 y 2014; se incluyeron las pacientes gestantes atendidas en una institución de referencia ubicada en suroccidente del departamento de Valle, Colombia. Se utilizaron los criterios para vigilancia de morbilidad materna extrema según definición del protocolo de vigilancia del Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia. Se midieron las características sociodemográficas; los criterios de inclusión de MME: disfunción orgánica, manejo o causa específica, el número de criterios de severidad y la estancia. En el análisis se emplearon medidas de tendencia central y dispersión para las variables continuas, y frecuencias absolutas, proporciones para las variables categóricas. Se calculó la razón de prevalencia de MME y la razón caso criterio.

Resultados: de 3985 partos se identificaron 219 casos de MME (55 x 1000 nacidos vivos), el 89 % de las pacientes fueron remitidas de otra institución y un 21,0 % no vivían en la ciudad de Cali. El promedio de edad fue de 26 años, el 64,0 % pertenecían al régimen subsidiado de salud. No hubo casos de mortalidad materna durante el periodo de estudio. El 18,0 % de las pacientes presentaron más de 3 criterios de severidad. La categoría de morbilidad más frecuente fueron los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo en el 74,4 % de los casos.

Conclusión: la MME en la Clínica Rafael Uribe de Cali, con el instrumento del INS de Colombia, muestra una razón de prevalencia 55 x 1000 nacidos vivos.