bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE TIPE SNOWBALL THROWING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI MI AL-MURSYID CITEUREUP-BOGOR
Authors: Mursid Kiki Barkiah , Suryana Agus , Sugiyanto Agus
Published: October 2021

The learning activities carried out by the teachers at MI Al-Mursyid have been impressed that only active teachers. The teacher mostly uses the discussion method when learning takes place, but the discussion is still ineffective so that students tend to be passive in accepting the subject matter provided by the teacher. This results in student activity and learning outcomes to be very low. With this background, researchers are interested in examining whether there is an effect of the Snowball Throwing Cooperative Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes. The research was conducted at MI Al-Mursyid, Citeureup District, Bogor Regency. The study population was 153 students while the sample was 20 people. Researchers used an experimental class, namely class V with a total of 20 students. The instrument used was a test to measure student learning outcomes in the form of a multiple choice test of 20 questions. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis with t-test. Based on the results of the descriptive analysis, the average value obtained before applying the Snowball Throwing model was 57.60 for pretest and 81.55 for posttest. Based on the results of inferential statistical analysis t count 11.31 and t table 2.10. Because tcount> ttable (11.31> 2.10), then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So, it can be concluded that the accepted hypothesis is that the Snowball Throwing learning model in science learning has a significant effect on the learning outcomes of grade V students at MI Al-Mursyid.
Implementasi Modul Pembelajaran Bidang Studi Al Qur’an Hadis Dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa Kelas VII MTs Swasta Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak
Authors: Maulida Maulida , Sembiring Irmayanti Br , Sinaga Ratna Aprilla
Published: October 2021

The objectives of this research are 1). To find out the use of student learning modules in Al-quran Hadith subjects for grade VII students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Private Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak. 2). To determine the ability of students to understand the material in the field of study of the Qur'an Hadith in class VII Madrasah Tsanawiyah Private Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak. 3). To find out whether the use of student learning modules can improve students' ability to understand the subject matter of the Qur'an Hadith for grade VII students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Private Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak. The method used in this research is the classroom action research method (CAR), which is action research carried out as a problem-solving strategy by utilizing real actions and then reflecting on the results of the action. The results of these actions and reflections are used as a step in selecting the next action according to the problems faced. Problem Identification: 1). Grade VII MTs students. Private Tarbiyah Waladiyah Tanjung Pura who received learning using the Teaching Module approach showed a significantly better understanding of Al-Quran Hadith material compared to students who received regular learning. This can be seen from the average score of students' understanding abilities in the field of study of the Qur'an and Hadith; 2). Understanding ability of students of class VII MTs. Private Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak can be done by applying the Teaching Module; 3). There is a significant relationship between increasing comprehension ability through the teaching module learning model in MTs. Private Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak. 4). The attitude of students during learning Al quran Hadith looks good, namely students have the enthusiasm to participate in learning activities in class, students look more enthusiastic in learning activities and communication that occurs during the learning process in class is effective, in connection the communication goes in two directions, namely from teacher to student and vice versa from students to teachers; 5). The activities of students who receive learning using the Teaching Module are more active in learning in the classroom and students who receive the Teaching Module are more active in improving students' understanding abilities, and students are also more daring to raise or ask questions to the teacher, and are more creative in solving the problems given, so that the understanding ability of MTs students. Private Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak can be increased through the application of the Teaching Module model.
SEGURANÇA EM INSTALAÇÕES ELÉTRICAS
Authors: Rodrigues Yan , Pinto do Nascimento Neto Antônio
Published: October 2021

O Brasil ainda apresenta números elevados de casos de acidentes no trabalho, muitos deles gerando mortes ou incapacidade laboral permanente. Existem muitos fatores que explicam essa realidade, dentre eles destaca-se a ainda insipiente conscientização quanto à aplicação de regras de segurança antes, durante e depois das atividades de trabalho. No que diz respeito aos acidentes de trabalho em instalações elétricas esse quadro não se mostra muito diferente, portanto, este trabalho busca contribuir para a discussão sobre a aplicação das normas de segurança em instalações elétricas. Para isso foi realizada uma ampla pesquisa bibliográfica em bases de dados eletrônicas que resultou em considerável número de textos sobre o tema e sua interconexão.
NECRÓLISE EPIDÉRMICA TÓXICA/SÍNDROME DE STEVENS JOHNSON: COMO O DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE PODE IMPACTAR NO PROGNÓSTICO
Authors: Caminha Irla Carvalho Chaves , Carvalho Paulo Egildo Gomes de , Sousa André Luca Araujo de , Pinto Antonione Santos Bezerra , Beltrão Camila Maila Fontinele
Published: October 2021

A Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson (SSJ) e a Necrólise Epidérmica Tóxica (NET) são reações agudas que atingem predominantemente pele e mucosas causadas principalmente pelo uso de medicamentos. São patologias raras, porém apresentam um alto índice de mortalidade que está intimamente associado ao diagnóstico tardio. Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar de que forma o diagnóstico precoce da SSJ/NET pode impactar no prognóstico. Dessa forma foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, onde a pergunta norteadora foi definida a partir do acrônimo PICO. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados PubMed e ScienceDirect entre fevereiro de 2020 e março de 2021, a partir dos descritores Necrólise epidérmica tóxica, Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson, diagnóstico precoce e prognóstico combinados pelos operadores booleanos AND e OR. Foram identificados 577 artigos e após análise inicial do título e resumo e uma segunda análise mais robusta a partir do texto completo e exclusão dos artigos duplicados, foram incluídos na revisão 24 artigos. Foi demonstrado em nossa busca que existem marcadores descobertos recentemente que podem auxiliar no diagnóstico como a dosagem de granulosina, TARC, IL-33 e IL-15. Em adição, conclui-se que o conhecimento sobre o tema é essencial para o diagnóstico rápido e eficiente e que a rapidez diagnóstica está intimamente correlacionada com a melhora no prognóstico do paciente.
Organic Agricultural Products: A Comparative Study of India with Other Economies
Authors: H Sujaya , Salins Meghana , Aithal P. S
Published: October 2021

Organic agricultural products have a unique method of production which protects the environment and minimizes the erosion of soil and thereby reduces pollution by encouraging a balanced system of usage of organic standard for agriculture products in India and other economies. The main objective of this case study is to assess the factors that influence the utilization of the geographical area and export activities of organic products in the Asian continent including India. This case study highlights the issues related to organic farming and is developed by using secondary data to assess the factors that influence agricultural organic products. The secondary data were obtained from exhaustive literature reviews of journals and internet sources. The scope of the case study is limited to the organic products and land areas which are used for its cultivation. The analysis of secondary data reveals that along with the increase in production, there is also an increase in the different varieties o forganic agricultural products. It is evident that organic farming has increased due to increased land usage for the cultivation in recent years in the Asian continent. From the study it is observed that the cumulative aggregate growth rate has increased from 6% to 29%during the year 2010-11 till 2015-16.
Management of carpal tunnel syndrome in Morecambe Bay
Authors: Shah Preeti , Dodds Wendy , Bukhari Marwan , Halsey John
Published: October 2021

The traditional way of managing a painful and disabling condition is inefficient and wasteful of resources. The rheumatology team at the Royal Lancaster Infirmary has a new way of managing carpal tunnel syndrome.
Genetic characterization of genotype VII.1.1 Newcastle Disease viruses from commercial and backyard broiler chickens in Egypt
Authors: Dewidar Abdelmonem A. A. , El-Sawah Azza A. , Shany Salama A.S. , Dahshan Al-Hussien M. , Ali Ahmed
Published: October 2021

The small-scale and backyard-raised poultry are extensively growing in Egypt. However, low biosecurity and/or vaccination practices are adopted. The current study was conducted to investigate and molecularly characterize Newcastle Disease (ND) strains circulating in small-scale and backyard poultry sectors in Giza governorate in Egypt from July 2018 to April 2020. Twelve broiler flocks (6 commercial and 6 backyard flocks) suffering from respiratory and/or nervous signs were included. Virus isolation and molecular characterization were conducted. The isolated viruses maintained the multi-basic motif 112RRQKR|F117 in the fusion protein cleavage site, indicating their virulent nature. Phylogenetically, the viruses are closely related to genotype VII.1.1. ND viruses and are genetically different from NDV genotype II vaccine strains. Deduced amino acid sequences of the fusion (F) protein showed an amino acid change of S278P in the heptad repeat (HRb) in the two NDV isolates from commercial farms. Other amino acid substitutions were observed, including the change at positions 442 (A/T) in the two commercial flocks isolates and position 317 (A/S) in the backyard ND isolate. Few silent nucleotide mutations were also observed in the F protein of the NDV isolate from the backyard flock. In conclusion, the current study reports the genetic identification of virulent NDV viruses from commercial or backyard flocks related to genotype VII.1.1. ND circulating in Egypt. The amino acid substitutions and nucleotide changes warrant the need for continuous surveillance of NDV in these growing poultry sectors considering their importance as a spot for extensive NDV circulation and as the main source for live bird markets in Egypt.
Cationic topical formulations tested in high dilutions offers protective effects in fibroblast cells culture
Authors: Mano Danielle Macedo , De Oliveira Ã‰rika Cristina Vargas , Leonel Alexandre Henrique , Berreta Andresa Aparecida
Published: October 2021

Topical administration is a simple and comfortable form of cutaneous administration of drugs. However, in this route of administration the drug needs to overcome the barrier posed by the skin to reach an effective concentration. For this reason, many topical formulations are developed with a cationic component. The promotion of absorption occurs due to the disruption of the stratum corneum. But this cationic component has also high irritating potential to the skin. The biotherapics are medicines prepared from a toxic product or etiologic agent, following the homeopathic pharmacopoeia technique, and they are used mainly in cases of hipersensitization. In this experiment, high dilutions (HD) obtained from a cationic formulation were prepared and evaluated considering cell viability in â€œin vitroâ€ mouse fibroblast (L929) culture cells model by a colorimetric MTT assay. No signs of toxicity were observed, which demonstrates the safety of these HD preparations to the healthy cells. The effectiveness of these HD was also investigated in cells damaged by cationic formulations. The results demonstrated that the HD 30c was the most effective preparation in preventing the cell damage caused by the tested irritating product, increasing cell viability from 56.6% (damaged cells) to 100% (similar to negative control group, p>0.05). These results provide evidence of the positive action of high dilutions against the exposure to a cytotoxic agent.
Homeopathic drugs complementary, antidotal and inimical to Nux vomica produce stronger anti-alcoholic effect on toads than Nux.
Authors: Konar Atheni , Sarkar Tandra , Chakraborty Indrani , Sukul Nirmal Chandra , Sukul Anirban , Chakravarty Rathin
Published: October 2021

Background: In homeopathy some drugs are known to act as complementary, antidotal or inimical to a particular drug. Practitioners can follow this rule when they apply one drug following another. Potentized Nux vomica can reduce acute hypnotic effect of alcohol on toads. Sulphur and Sepia are reported to be complementary to Nux-vom, while Coffea cruda and Zincum met are antidotal and inimical to Nux, respectively .The four drugs have been tested on the toad model to find out their actual therapeutic relationship with Nux vom. Objective: To verify the complementary effect of Sulphur and Sepia, antidotal effect of Coffea and inimical effect of Zincum in relation to Nux vom in the toad model. Methods: Five batches of toads, each comprising 20 individuals, were treated by partial immersion in a drug diluted with distilled water 1:500 for 20 min. The control consisted of 90% ethanol diluted with distilled water 1:500. The drugs were Nux vom 200 CH, Sulphur 200 CH, Sepia 200 CH, Coffea 200 CH and Zincum 200 CH. Toads of each batch were separately exposed to 260mM ethanol solution and tested every 10 min to see if they had lost their righting reflex (RR). For this, each toad was laid on its dorsal surface. If it failed to turn on its ventrum in a cut-off time of 60 sec it was considered to have lost its RR. Four more batches of toads were pretreated with Nux vom 200 CH and subsequently treated separately by Sulphur 200 CH, Sepia 200 CH, Coffea 200 CH and Zincum 200 CH. All the toads were then exposed to 260 mM ethanol solution to record their tolerance to ethanol anesthesia in terms of time to lose RR. Results: Toads treated with the five drugs took significantly longer time (P
Açık ve uzaktan öğrenme süreçlerinin yönetim, öğrenme, teknoloji ve değerlendirme boyutları
Authors: TAŞKIRAN Ayşe
Published: October 2021

Tüm dünyada gerçekleşmekte olan küreselleşme, dijital dönüşüm, artan rekabet, yükselen bilgi ekonomisi gibi unsurlar eğitimde de dönüşümü tetiklemiştir. Bu durum yeni öğrenme biçimlerinin ve çok farklı öğrenen profillerinin ortaya çıkmasına, öğretmeden öğrenmeye doğru bir geçişe, yeni ortam, araç ve becerileri gerektiren yeni mesleklere iş gücü sağlama ihtiyacına yol açmıştır. Bu ihtiyaçların karşılanmasında önemli rol üstlenen Açık ve Uzaktan Öğrenme (AUÖ) zaman ve mekandan bağımsız, öğrenen odaklı, fırsat eşitliği yaratmayı hedefleyen, bireysel öğrenmeyi destekleyen, bireyleri hızla değişen bilgi toplumunda yepyeni mesleklere hazırlayan bağımsız bir öğrenme yöntemi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada AUÖ süreçlerinde yer alan yönetim, öğrenme, teknoloji ve değerlendirme boyutları ilgili alanyazın kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, sınırlı süre içerisinde öğrenenlere bilgi toplumunda etkili olabilecekleri yetenekleri kazandırabilmek için AUÖ hizmeti sağlayan yükseköğretim kurumlarında yapılabilecekler tartışılmıştır.
Designing an Instructional Module for Classroom Teaching Based on the Multiple Intelligences Theory
Authors: Malapad Lee P. , Quimbo Maria Anna T.
Published: October 2021

Lesson content needs active engagement to excite student interest. Teachers face challenges on student engagement in classroom teaching where learning has become procedural. This field study developed an instructional module integrating the 5Es method of instruction anchored on Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Chislett’s multiple intelligence (MI) test was administered to Grade 7 students and the Science teacher for learning needs assessment determining their dominant multiple intelligences. The dominant MI of the students determined the enrichment activities incorporated in the 5E-MI instructional module and teaching method. During implementation, the teacher and the students were observed to assess the perceived usefulness of the module. The study established that the 5E-MI instruction module was a useful lesson planning method to increase students' engagement, who were observed to be attentive and participative during the implementation. Lesson planning was easier for the teacher since enrichment activities incorporated were guided by the dominant MI of the students. Through this study, educators are provided direction in incorporating MI in lesson planning and curriculum integration.
Academic Achievement in Algebra of the Public High School Students in the New Normal
Authors: Rodrigo Diana B. , Alave Alfredo D.
Published: October 2021

This study describes the academic achievement level in Algebra of the public secondary school students in the new normal as a whole and when grouped according to sex and parent's highest educational attainment. Utilizing descriptive-comparative and correlational designs, the academic achievement level, significant differences and relationships among the variables, and the perceived learning difficulties in Quadratic Functions were determined using mean, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, Chi-square test of association, Spearman rank correlation, and frequency and percentage distribution. Results showed that the academic achievement level was low; no significant difference and relationship between sex and academic achievement level; there was a significant difference and relationship between parent's highest educational attainment and achievement level, and students' top difficulty is transforming quadratic functions into the form f(x)=[a(x-h)^2]+k. Therefore, Algebra teachers, school heads, and parents should take necessary interventions to address the problem.
Attitudes toward Statistics and Statistical Literacy of Public Senior High School Students
Authors: Repedro, Jr. Reynaldo E. , Diego Crispina V.
Published: October 2021

Statistics has proven its usefulness in research over centuries to produce quality insights and data-driven decision-making. Learning statistics not only rely on cognitive but other factors such including attitude as well. This descriptive-correlational research determined the attitudes toward statistics in the components of affect, cognitive competence, value, difficulty, interest and effort, and statistical literacy of 200 public senior high school students selected through stratified random sampling. The SATS-36© developed by Schau et al. (2003) was used to determine attitudes, while a researcher-made questionnaire was utilized to measure statistical literacy. Using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis, students' attitudes toward the subject were established positively in value, interest, and effort components. In contrast, a negative attitude was exhibited in the components of affect, cognitive competence, and difficulty. Students' statistical literacy was found to be low in all areas and as a whole. Among the six components of attitude, the value component showed a significant relationship and predicted students' statistical literacy. Thus, the most vital component of attitudes toward statistics is value.
Access to health in an intercultural setting: the role of corpora and images in grasping term variation
Authors: Tercedor-Sánchez Maribel , López-Rodríguez Clara I.
Published: October 2021

Medical concepts can often be lexicalized in several ways depending on aspects such as the facet of the concept being underlined or the particular communicative setting in which the concept is being used. This feature of terminology is known as terminological variation. In this paper we consider terminological variation as a tool to improve interlinguistic and intercultural communication, a key issue in the provision of universal access to health care. To facilitate the identification and analysis of terminological variation, the paper also proposes some search strategies to highlight this phenomenon in corpora, the main source of terminological information. Finally, images are proposed as a key issue in the localization process needed to bridge communication gaps between health care providers and lay audiences. The data used in the paper are taken from an international cooperation project aimed at providing health providers in Yucatan, Mexico, with materials and training in intercultural communication for healthcare mainly in Spanish and Mayan, and from a research project on lexical variation .
Pénétrer la boîte noire du traducteur
Authors: Fougner Rydning Antin
Published: October 2021

A combination of the two process-oriented approaches to studying profes-sional translation online: (i) verbal reporting, better known as TAP (think-aloud protocols), and (ii) Translog, a program used for logging keyboard activity, yields interesting data about what goes on in the translator ’s mind during a translation task. Assuming that our interpretation of metaphorical expressions depend upon conceptual metaphors, examples selected from the online data of two experienced professional Norwegian translators are used to show how the translation of metaphorical concepts are handled. Possible ways of using the above-mentioned online data qualitatively to test the hypothesis according to which translation is more than an interlinguistic comparison, requiring the mobilisation of cognitive complements in the reformulation phase, are also suggested.
A Tentative Proposal for Machine Assisted Human Translation (MAHT) – Tool-Specific General Text Typology
Authors: Feder Marcin
Published: October 2021

The aim of the present article is to contend the widespread but largely unfounded claim that MAHT tools (popularly known as translator ’s work-benches) are best suited for translating so-called technical texts. The article calls for establishing a separate MAHT tool-specific text typology by pre-senting what are – in the author ’s opinion – the most important features characteristic of an MAHT-suitable text. It transpires that it is difficult to simply relate this particular type of text to any of the existing classifications of translation-related or general text typologies (such as those advocated by, for example, Hatim & Mason 1990; Reiß 1983; Snell-Hornby 1988 or Kussmaul 1997) since the existing methodologies do not take MAHT-specif¬ic attributes into account. Therefore, the present article calls for an empi¬rical, corpus-based study that would help establish the relation between the proposed underlying features and actual text types as described elsewhere.
La valeur aspectuelle – problème de traduction (Confrontation franco-tchèque)
Authors: Sládková Miroslava
Published: October 2021

The aspect quality – a translation problem (French-Czech confrontation) This article is a refl ection on the problem of verbal aspect in Czech and in French and on related translation problems. Czech verbs have a binary opposition of perfectivity versus imperfectivity; in French the situation is more complex, where the nature of the verbal action (Aktionsart) usually comes into play. In Slavonic langua ges aspect and temporality features differ; in French the temporal information prevails. The problem arises when the translator must respond to the relevant aspect opposition in Czech. It would be incorrect to try to introduce the cate gories of one language into another, typologically distant, language. Usually, both studied languages behave rather differently in this sphere and the problem of aspect must therefore be resolved at text level.
Multilingualism, language contact and translation in Walter Scott’s Scottish novels
Authors: Toda Fernando
Published: October 2021

In his Scottish novels, Walter Scott foregrounded the multilingual and multidialectal situation of Scotland. He not only made a deliberate effort to reflect the different linguistic varieties in the dialogues, but also, through his narrators, drew his readers’ attention to the variety being used or the pronunciation employed. Since Scott is writing about post- Union Scotland, he implies that the United Kingdom is a multilingual and multicultural society, and that the British have to be aware of this in order to make their union stronger in its diversity, by preserving national cultural identities and values. Evidence is given from three of Scott’s most relevant Scottish novels.
Asymmetric representations of languages in contact: uses and translations of French and Spanish in Frasier
Authors: Valdeón Roberto A.
Published: October 2021

In recent years, several authors have underlined the need for a critical approach to Translation Studies in order to explore power struggles in both source and target languages and cultures. Norman Fairclough ’s model of discourse analysis offers textual and interpretative procedures for the analy-sis of linguistic features of texts and their societal implications that can be successfully applied for this purpose. In this article we shall study the representations of languages and cultures in contact in the American situation comedy Frasier, one of the world’s greatest television successes of the 1990s. We shall cover two distinct uses of languages in contact. In our first section, we shall examine the use of other languages in the primary English discourse of the protagonists, notably French and Spanish, and their different representational and ideational implications, before proceeding to analyse the Spanish and French target versions to ascertain whether the ideological components are maintained or transformed. In the second sec-tion, we shall analyse the scenes where two or more languages are involved and the transformative acts performed by the characters. As in the first sec-tion, the target versions in French and Spanish will then be examined in order to identify the translational strategies used to maintain or tone down the ideological components. The final section will discuss the last dimension of Fairclough’s model, that is, sociocultural practice or explanation.
Musings on methodology
Authors: Hertog Erik , Van Gucht Jan , De Bontridder Leen
Published: October 2021

As an applied science, community interpreting research is often tributary to the social sciences for its methods. Indeed, focus groups, interviews, questionnaires and case studies, in other words both quantitative and qualitative surveys and analyses are part and parcel of the social sciences methodology and are becoming increasingly common in CI research as well.But, as is often the case with applied scientific research, when it comes to adopting the methodological orthodoxy of the parent science, it is sometimes found lacking in methodological coherence and rigour. In our view, the most commonly found methodological hiatus in the current empirical CI research literature is the (mis)use of research designs of an essentially exploratory nature to generate broad sweeping conclusions at medium or even grand theory level, typically resulting in a total lack of falsifiability.A second point of concern is a rather generalised lack of validation of the outcomes of field research. That is why this article proposes a critical reflection on empirical research methodology in the field of community based interpreting in the form of a tentative typology of research methodologies, illustrated with an example taken from the authors’ own research.
An empirical and descriptive study of the translation method for dubbing and subtitling
Authors: Martí Ferriol José Luis
Published: October 2021

An Empirical and Descriptive Study of the Translation Method for Dubbing and Subtitling is the title of a doctoral thesis submitted in November 2006. This research project developed a theoretical framework where the notion of translation method was defined in terms of a graphical and parametrical representation as a function of three parameters: constraints active in audiovisual translation, translation norms and translation techniques. The object of study consisted of several independent American films shown in Spain, in dubbed and subtitled versions, in the period between 2001 and 2004. Both the preliminary and the translation phases of the translation process were taken into account in the scope of work. Empirical data were gathered through interviews with the translators of the films for the preliminary phase of the translation process; the compilation of almost 500 micro textual samples of the two translated versions provided the empirical data for the translation phase itself. The results and conclusions of the study were obtained by using rigorous statistical tools, which showed the similarities and differences between the translation methods for both the dubbed and the subtitled versions.
Humour and other catastrophes: dealing with the translation of mixed-genre TV Series
Authors: Bucaria Chiara
Published: October 2021

Starting from a trend observed in the Italian dubbing of US series “Six Feet Under” (Bucaria 2005; Bucaria forthcoming) involving the deletion or toning down of most instances of potentially disturbing elements, this paper will take into consideration examples from three US TV series (“House MD,” “Nip/Tuck” and “Six Feet Under”) dubbed into Italian and presenting a mixture of drama and comedy, in an attempt to analyze the degree of manipulation or adaptation that they underwent in terms of the linguistic representation of clashing genres. With particular reference to the rendering of humorous comments produced in unexpected contexts, the analysis shows considerable manipulation in the translated versions and a consequent decrease in the humorous content of the target texts.
Resolving meaning conflict in translation: An optimality approach to verse translation
Authors: Dols Nicolau , Mansell Richard
Published: October 2021

This article proposes an application of Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993) to translation analysis, suggesting that the translation process is regulated by a hierarchy of universal yet violable constraints. The constraints are always present but in conflict: strategies are determined by their hierarchy, and a constraint can be violated but only to avoid violation of a more highly-ranked constraint, i.e. a prioritised form of transfer. Optimalist concepts present in the literature are surveyed, and after a series of examples the authors propose that an optimalist approach reveals translators’ strategies and their basis both at a micro- and textual level, a theoretical basis for a multi-layer unit of translation, a cognitive basis for Toury’s two laws of translation, and they suggest that there are no others.
The role of Computer-Assisted Translation in the field of software localization
Authors: Fernández Costales Alberto
Published: October 2021

This article analyses the effectiveness of computer-assisted translation (CAT) in the field of software localization. In order to measure and assessthe advantages of using translation tools, a program is localized using Passolo, a specialized software localization application. The study is intendedto calibrate how CAT can improve translators’ performance in a localization project and also to appraise the main features of the selectedapplication, focusing on functionality, usability and reliability. The article outlines some of the challenges and difficulties of software localization,aiming to test how the process of adapting a product to a particular locale can be optimized by the use of computer assisted translation. The casestudy focuses on the main challenges of the process from the point of view of translation. To conclude, the study formulates a number of conclusionsand evaluates the performance of the selected application.
The effect of Translation Memory tools in translated Web texts: Evidence from a comparative product-based study
Authors: Jiménez-Crespo Miguel A.
Published: October 2021

Translation Memory tools have been widely promoted in terms of increased productivity, quality and consistency, while translation scholars have ar-gued that in some cases they might produce the opposite effect. This paper investigates these two related claims through a corpus-based contrastive analysis of 40,000 original and localized Web pages in Spanish. Given that all Web texts are localized using TM tools, the claim of increased quality and consistency is analyzed in contrast with Web texts spontaneously pro-duced in Spanish. The results of the contrastive analysis indicate that local-ized texts tend to replicate source text structures and show higher numbers of inconsistencies at the lexical, syntactic and typographic levels than non-translated Web sites. These findings are associated with lower levels of quality in localized texts as compared to non-translated or spontaneously produced texts.
Jóvenes españoles 2002 y vocación
Authors: Elzo Imaz Javier
Published: October 2021

Introducción

Capítulo 1°. Los jóvenes españoles de comienzos de milenio

Capítulo 2º. La dimensión religiosa de los jóvenes

Capítulo 3º. La situación de las vocaciones religiosas

Capítulo 4º. Imagen social y valoración de la función de los sacerdotes y religiosos

Capítulo 5°. La vocación religiosa en los jóvenes españoles

Capítulo 6º. El abandono de la eventual vocación religiosa

Capítulo 7º. Mirando. al futuro
¿Transhumanismo pre-darwiniano? Normatividad fuerte y débil en la perspectiva transhumanista
Authors: Suárez-Ruiz E. Joaquín
Published: October 2021

En este artículo analizaré algunos puntos de convergencia entre la filosofía transhumanista y la crítica filosófica contemporánea al antropocentrismo. Para ello distinguiré entre un tipo de programa normativo fuerte y uno débil (o moderado) en el transhumanismo. El argumento central reside en que la normatividad fuerte en el discurso transhumanista, al suponer que es posible seleccionar exclusivamente las características “propiamente humanas” para ser conservadas en el estadio post-humano, se basa en una concepción pre-darwiniana de la especie humana, lo cual posee implicancias tanto epistemológicas como éticas.
Fixed Investment and Economic Growth: ARDL and Causality Exploration for SADC Countries
Authors: Mbona Reginald Masimba , Mumba Chilombo Stephania , Mangudhla Tinashe
Published: October 2021

In assessing the short run and the long-run effects of fixed investment and economic growth among Southern Africa countries, we evaluated the economic progress of the SADC (Southern African Development Committee) region. Our objective is to determine how variables (GDP, purchasing power parity, inflation, electricity, balance-of-payments, and unemployment) can be affected by the fixed investment. In determining how fixed investment affects economic activities and policies among the states, the ADRL estimation approach is applied. Using data from 13 countries in the SADC region from the period 1992-2018, we enumerate the variables’ marginal returns against the fixed investment component. The results of diagnostic and other tests show that all statistical procedures are robust. The result proves that the benefits of fixed investment are yielded over a long period rather than short periods. As a result, the cost in the short term cannot be compared to the benefits that will be enjoyed later by an economy as it becomes productive. Furthermore, the lack of consistent fixed investment among countries will eventually lead to insufficient cash flow, which will negatively affect the currency. These results would seem to suggest that the introduction of policies that promote investment will massively contribute to increased productivity and positive economic growth in the region.
Análise do estimulante sexual da Life Natural
Authors: Abreu Fabiano
Published: October 2021

O desejo sexual se caracteriza como um impulso que o sistema neurológico recebe a partir do estímulo. O sistema nervoso recebe tais estímulos, que irão resultar em uma série de substâncias químicas (libido) fazendo com que o indivíduo tenha vontade de realizar o ato. O presente estudo é uma revisão de literatura. É possível afirmar a eficácia dos estimulantes para ambos os sexos, pois os mesmos contêm substâncias que possuem comprovação científica, que são eficientes para o desenvolvimento do desejo sexual.
A perspectiva de um teólogo e de um neurocientista em relação a fé
Authors: Rodrigues Fabiano de Abreu , Colares Italu
Published: October 2021

Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, o poder da fé é estudado desde os anos 1980 no país e os estudos afirmam que a fé influencia na saúde mental, física e biológica. No entanto, tudo que é divino, quando colocado em discussão, é limitado pela própria linguagem que reflete apenas alusões daquilo que se imagina e se encontra no mítico e no religioso. Devido a isso o objetivo do presente estudo foi compreender a influência da fé em indivíduos religiosos e naqueles considerados ateus, em relação as funções neurológicas cerebrais. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de um levantamento da literatura no portal de periódicos eletrônicos SciELO, PubMed, Science Direct e PsycINFO. Sendo assim, é fato que a religião pode ser um fator preservador da vida podendo auxiliar o indivíduo a tratar uma patologia como a depressão ou ansiedade, podendo evitar até mesmo o suicídio.
Innovative Educational Practices and Policies through the Application of Geoinformation Systems and Technologies
Authors: Naydenov Kliment
Published: October 2021

Modern global education is characterized by an active transition to the use of new geographic information technologies. The new educational policy orients teachers and university professors towards the introduction of modern teaching methods based on the use of geoinformation and communication technologies. Modern educational technologies provide an opportunity for maximum solution of the problems for the development of education and its individualization. The system for retraining and in-service training of teachers (and teachers in pedagogical universities) also does not sufficiently take into account the vital need to master information technology by working teachers. So far, the processes of self-education predominate in the development of such technologies. Information and communication technologies (ICT) are evolving rapidly on a daily basis. Geographic information technologies, such as geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing (RS) or global positioning systems (GPS) are important parts of ICT. They are used especially in geography education, but are not limited to this. Geographic information technologies provide such new methods and means of information processing that provide high visibility for displaying diverse information and an accessible set of tools for reality analysis. GIS has great potential for information analysis in order to make management decisions in the socio-economic sphere. The publication reveals the problems of higher and secondary education related to modern geoinformation technologies for searching, interpreting and demonstrating various geographical data. Basic guidelines for the development of the implementation of geoinformation technologies in the learning environment are presented.
Discussion Points Related to Training in Statistics as a Share of Mathematics in School Education
Authors: Lambova Margarita , Stoyanova Vanya
Published: October 2021

Reflections on problematic moments in the teaching of statistics as a part of mathematics school education are presented. The article concerns problems related to the predominant approach, on one hand the inclusion of statistics in school education, in which statistics is perceived as a part of mathematics, and on the other hand to the definition of the conceptual framework, ignoring the requirements of measurement theory and the lack of a systematic approach in teaching, as consequence of the configuration of the curriculum. In accordance with the set goal, an argumentation of the defended thesis is presented - the current approach approved through the curriculum prevents the development of systematic and logically consistent knowledge about the collection, processing and analysis of statistical information.
Influencia idiomática en la producción científica de investigadores mexicanos
Authors: Tarango Javier , Gonzalez-Quiñones Fidel
Published: October 2021

El perfil del investigador científico en México está definido por un gran número de funciones y características académicas, las cuales no están limitadas solo al registro en cantidad de productos publicados, sino además, a otras condiciones vinculadas a la calidad. Este artículo, estudia una problemática particular que se ha convertido en un dilema sobre las conveniencias que representa generar conocimiento en la propia lengua (para el caso el español) o pretender lograr que los hallazgos sean comunicados en una lengua secundaria, especialmente, aquella relacionada con el lenguaje dominante de la ciencia (en la actualidad considerado el inglés). El estudio se basa en tres perspectivas fundamentales: (1) la defensa por el uso de la lengua propia con miras a fortalecerla ante el mercado editorial y científico; (2) recurrir al uso del lenguaje dominante de la ciencia para obtener mayor visibilidad y prestigio, considerando con ello, la posibilidad de afrontar distintas limitaciones; y (3) promover el bilingüismo y multilingüismo en las publicaciones, recurriendo, tanto al uso del idioma propio como de otros, siendo esta consideración la menos probable. Todas las posturas ofrecen su propia justificación, teniendo como referencia sus ventajas y desventajas, así como de perspectivas de contribución al desarrollo de la literatura científica.
Morphological variation of Libyan carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.)
Authors: Ali Ezzudin S. M. , Mustafa Hesaien M. , Blkasem Khansa.A.Omar
Published: October 2021

Carob tree Ceratonia siliqua L.,  is an evergreen endemic species found naturally in El-Jabal El-Akhdar region which is located immediately south of the coastal belt in the northeastern region of Libya. Morphological characteristics have been the main descriptive tool to characterize a given collection or germplasm, or to identify and differentiate wild type populations. Eighteen carob population were collected from six different sites in El-Jabal El-Akhdar area. Seven characters on discriminative pods were measured: the length, width, thickness, number of seeds, weight of pulp, and yield as well as one character to seeds: the weight seeds. The present study showed that the choice of pod characters to assess Libyan carob diversity is a useful and powerful tool. The means and standard deviations of morphometric characters measured in Libyan carob showed highly significant differences among the studied populations for all the examined characteristics. Differences in morphometric traits of carob pods and seeds among Libyan carob populations are primarily caused by genetic factors. The pod size of Libyan carob is considered to be the medium size (10.89 – 17.55cm).
Effect of Chemical Defenses on the Density of Insect Herbivores Between High, Medium and Coastal Elevations of Al Jebel Al Akhdar
Authors: Al Faituri Abdlrahman Y
Published: October 2021

The study area is dominated by Juniperus sp and Pistacia sp, the two species, the study aimed to investigate the effect of chemical defences on the density of insect herbivores, and the results showed that the two species differed very much in their levels of phenols. Pistacia had the highest concentrations (overall 2308 ± 43 ppm, n = 45), with Juniperus quite a bit lower (1516 ± 43, n = 45). Overall levels of phenols were highest in plants from the middle and lowest in those from the bottom elevation level. This effect of the level was significant, showing that the two species showed the same pattern with elevation. There were substantial differences among plots within levels. This has affected the numerical density of the insects, where it was observed that their density on the tested Juniperus sp shrubs was more than the intensity on the tested Pistacia sp shrubs.
Perancangan Pemesanan Jasa Bengkel Mobil Kota Medan Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode Hill Climbing Search
Authors: Manungkalit Jupri , Situmorang Zakarias
Published: October 2021

Aturan pelayanan servis mobil diawali dengan pemesanan jasa teknisi mobil, kemudian konsumen menunggu hingga pesanan diterima. Permasalahan yang terjadi di bengkel ZEE adalah Sistem Bengkel yang dilakukan belom bisa melakukan pemesan jika ada konsumen kerusakan mobil dijalan. Maka perlunya dibuat sistem peracangan pemesanan jasa teknisi bengkel mobil. Untuk dapat memudakan masysarakat dalam pencarian jasa teknisi mobil. keuntungan dalam mengguunakan pemesanan jasa teknisi mobil, masyarakat tidak perlu mendatangi teknisi atau toko servis mobil, masyarakat serta mempermudah dalam pencarian jasa teknisi mobil, dan lebih efesien dibandingkan harus mencari-cari seorang teknisi maupun toko teknisi mobil.
Analisa Decision Tree Dalam Pengolahan Data Siswa
Authors: Sianturi Fricles Ariwisanto
Published: October 2021

Graduation rate is one of the main problems in a college foundation. The higher graduation of students in an educational institution will further increase the popularity of the foundation. Likewise, if there is a decrease in graduation rates, then the foundation or school experiences a decline in popularity, thus allowing the decline of interested persons / candidates to enter the foundation in the following years. The purpose of the study is to find out which factors are the most dominant which influence the graduation rate of a student, so that in the future it is expected that the school will be able to see the final results of student graduation in the following years. The output of this research is to find out which factors are the most dominant which influence the graduation rate of a student, so that in the future, it is expected that the school will be able to see the results of student graduation in the following years.
Penerapan Algoritma Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) Keamanan Pada Citra
Authors: Sembiring Hermansyah , Manik Fuzy Yustika , Zaidah Tengku
Published: October 2021

Current information exchange is not only in the form of text, it can be an image or video. All of that can be done using computer network technology in the form of the internet. Through an internet connection, you can connect with many people. Cryptography aims for messages or images that cannot be seen by other parties who have no interest in the information. Messages or secured images can be data stored in secure computer memory or sent through computer networks. And can protect the confidentiality of images from various threats that arise. To maintain data security, SHA-256 is used when transforming data bytes into string hashes. The system built has been able to implement the SHA 256 algorithm which can change the original image file in the form of unknown files and encrypted images that are difficult to know the original image, unless read using an application that has been built. the image when encrypted and used again at the time of decryption with as many as 45 characters and may be in the form of numbers or letters. The SHA 256 process when encrypted in only one round, can be played with decryption.