bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-medication practices with antibiotics among phase I MBBS students in a peripheral medical college of West Bengal
Authors: Lahiri Surajit , Rituparna Maji  , Sudip Ghosh  , Chakraborty Sohanjan
Published: January 2023

Background: Increased consumption of self-prescribed antibiotics may lead to resistance against them also causing rise in financial burden. Medical fraternity is in an advantageous position to use antibiotics of their choice.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted among medical undergraduates to estimate the prevalence and describe different attributes of self-medication among them.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 188 undergraduate students of MBBS phase 1 using complete enumeration method with the help of a predesigned pretested semi-structured self-administered questionnaire.
Results: About 76.76% students were practicing self-medication and majority took it due to convenience (77.46%) and to get rid of fever, cough, and runny nose on the basis of previous doctor’s prescription (65.49%) mostly from community pharmacists (69.01%). About 43.66% students changed the antibiotics, 47.18% changed dosage and only 34.5% completed the course, 28.2% students had adverse reactions, and 36.6% students did not opine self-medication as an acceptable practice.
Conclusion: Self-medication with antibiotics is a quite prevalent practice among the medical undergraduates of phase 1. Further studies will be helpful to assess the change of behavior among them during the progression through MBBS later on.
Dropout rate of anti-rabies vaccination among rural and urban communities in Tamil Nadu: A comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Vinodhraja Sellan  , Karthik Recharla Chenchu  , Vikram Ashokkumar  , Ezhilvanan Mani
Published: January 2023

Background: Rabies is a vaccine preventable deadly disease. There is a lack of organized surveillance system on animal bite victims to ensure completion of full course of post-exposure prophylaxis.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to estimate the dropout rate of anti-rabies vaccine (ARV) post-exposure regimen among rural and urban communities of Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu. To interpret the association between category of bite and vaccination outcome among rural and urban communities of Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective hospital record based study (ARV REGISTER) was done in urban primary health center (PHC) Haridosspuram and rural PHC, Kelambakkam during January 2021. Collected data were entered into MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Total dropout rates of ARV regimen among rural and urban communities were compared by Chi-square test.
Results: A total of 5262 animal bite victims were vaccinated during the past 2 years. The majority (37.4%) of victims belonged to 21–40 years of age. The total dropout rate observed among both rural and urban communities was 51.2% with the higher proportion (72.8%) of dropouts seen among victims of category I bite. Wound washing practice was observed among the victims. Higher dropout rate (61.3%) of ARV regimen was observed among urban communities compared to rural communities (50.2%). Significant association was found between the category of animal bite and the vaccination outcome in both rural and urban communities.
Conclusion: The animal bite victims should be educated and counseled about the importance of complete vaccination. The health workers should ensure proper follow-up of the victims to complete the vaccination schedule and thus prevent drop outs.
Assessment of cognitive impairment in hypertensive individuals attending a tertiary health-care center in metropolitan city: An analytical study
Authors: Gode Nikhil , Kinge Amol , Shri Karan Jain  , Patil Prashant , Wankhede Harish , Nimje Dipti
Published: January 2023

Background: Cognitive impairment is a physiological consequence of ageing. Mostly, after 65 years of age, impairment in the memory and dexterity is common. The various factors for such decline are yet under evaluation. The “Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale” scoring system is been used in this study. This scale is based on seven domains of cognition. It is developed to improve the chances of early detection of cognitive impairment and it claims to diagnose dementia more efficiently compared to the standard MMSE scale.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to compare the cognition status in hypertensive and normotensive individuals of similar age groups.
Materials and Methods: The study participants were the selected patients attending the hypertension (HTN) OPD in Seth GS Medical college and KEM HOSPITAL Parel, Mumbai and among the staff working. Patients with age 30–40 years and blood pressure (BP) <140/90 mm Hg supine position without taking any anti-hypertensive medication. After selection of study subjects, the cognition status was assessed in both groups using the MoCA instrument. The BP was measured in supine posture, after interval of 10 min between each measurement, with the help of Sphygmomanometer. Unpaired “t”-test was applied to test the significance of difference of mean values of MoCA scale.
Results: We observed that among hypertensive subjects, comparatively lower MoCA score (mean value: 25.97) was reported. Thirteen (28.88%) study subjects had low MoCA score, whereas 32 (71.11%) hypertensive study subjects had normal MoCA score.
Conclusion: Thus, if the HTN is of a longer duration, it may show the poor cognitive performance. However, more such studies are required to know the exact mechanism and to know the critical level of BP which can cause cognitive impairment in long standing cases.
Violence and Order in the Activities of Nepalese Shamans
Authors: Maskarinec Gregory G.
Published: January 2023

When abuses of power are committed by those of unchallenged authority, how can justice be established? In the previous century's still-feudal society of Western Nepal, one way to seek justice was to commit ritual suicide, becoming a "vengeance suicide" that would plague the oppressor. "Vengeance suicides" are one prominent class of supernatural forces among many that shamans command as they seek to manipulate the order in the world, whether to re-establish or disrupt it. After recounting some well-known stories of these suicides, I seek to place them within the broader context of the many unseen forces that blacksmith shamans insist they can manipulate. The taxonomy of such forces I use here is a mantra that shamans recite at the beginning of any ceremony while heating his drum to improve its membrane's tension. Heating that tension is an apt metaphor for the violence seen as necessary to reorder or disorder the world, as explored here.
Risk factors of sleep-disordered breathing among Public Transport Drivers of Kochi, India
Authors: Shadananan Vishnu , Sapna Varma N.K. , Prabha Rahul D. , Ajith V.V. , Ghosh Parvathy
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) appears to be a major occupational health concern among transport drivers as it increases the chance of road traffic crashes.  The study aimed to determine the prevalent risk factors of sleep-disordered breathing in public transport drivers of Kochi, India.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed among 50 public transport drivers who satisfied the inclusion criteria and were categorized as high and low-risk groups using the STOP-BANG questionnaire. Physical examination recorded Neck circumference, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, blood pressure, and facial profile. Excessive daytime sleepiness was evaluated using the Epworth sleepiness scale. Mann Whitney and Chi-square tests were used to test for significance. Logistic regression was also done by including the significant variables.
Results: The high risk (n= 27) and low-risk groups (n=23) were identified. Among the high-risk group; age, body mass index, neck circumference, blood pressure, snoring and tiredness showed statistically significant results (p<0.05) when compared to the low-risk group. Excessive daytime sleepiness was present among 29.6% of high-risk subjects. Logistic regression confirmed that age (OR=1.176; p=0.001) and body mass index (OR=1.348; p=0.050) were independent predictors of developing a high risk of SDB.
Conclusion: mong public transport drivers in Kochi, India; older age and increased body mass index were significant contributing factors to developing sleep-disordered breathing. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), whether diagnosed or undiagnosed, is a major public health concern and a proven risk factor for vehicle crashes. Applicants for public transport driver's licenses should be thoroughly examined for the risk of OSA/SDB. A standardized screening protocol for OSA risk assessment should be advisable for public transport drivers to ensure road safety.
Identification of Musculoskeletal Disorder among Eco-Brick Workers in Indonesia
Authors: Adiyanto Okka , Mohamad Effendi , Jaafar Rosidah , Faishal Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Plastic waste is considered one of the common vital waste problems in developing countries such as Indonesia. One proposed alternative way to reduce plastic waste is by reusing and recycling it into bricks. Eco-bricks are a form of recycled plastic waste that can be used as an alternative building construction material. Unfortunately, manufacturing workers do not ergonomically perform this work during their working hours. Therefore, it causes inappropriate body postures and leads to musculoskeletal disorders easily. This study intends to identify the posture of workers in the manufacture of eco-bricks in Indonesia
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done with purposively selected 32 eco-bricks workers from 10 waste bank communities in Central Java and Yogyakarta. Sampling was done by snowball method. This research was conducted by interviewing and collecting data on body complaints using a Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire.
Results: All respondents (100%) experienced musculoskeletal disorder complaints while producing eco-bricks. Based on the results gained from the Nordic Body Map Questionnaire, the common complaints perceived by eco-bricks workers are upper neck, lower neck, back, waist, buttock, and bottom. In addition, workers also perceived complaints on the right side of the body, particularly the right shoulder, right upper arm, right elbow, right lower arm, right wrist, and right hand
Conclusion: Working postures that are not well-organized in terms of ergonomics during the production process of eco-bricks will provoke complaints on the limbs caused by the continuous load on the muscles on the right side of the body.
Profiles and Inhospital Outcomes of Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Poudel Shekhar , Devkota Rahul , Sharma Anubhav , Karna Rohit Kumar , Shrestha Sareen , Poudel Sujan Chandra
Published: January 2023

Background: Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the common and life threatening condition presenting in emergency. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical profile and in-hospital outcomes in these patients admitted at a tertiary care center in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive, observational study conducted over 9 months (October 2021– July 2022). All consecutive patients aged 16 years and above admitted in the hospital ward with the history of acute bleeding were included in the study after informed consent. Demographic data, clinical, laboratory and endoscopic data were noted during the hospital stay. Statistical analysis was done used SPSS v.24.

Results: The mean age of our study population (N = 132) was 46.92 years. Among 132 patients who underwent endoscopy, 43.9% had portal hypertension related bleeding, 41.7% had ulcer related bleeding, 5.3% had malignancies, 3% had corrosive intake. No etiology was found in 3 patients. Hematemesis with melena was the most common mode (53.8%) of presentation to the hospital.Shock was preset in 25% of patients at presentation to the hospital. In-hospital re-bleeding rate and mortality were 12.7% and 9.8% respectively.

Conclusion: Portal hypertension related bleeding followed by ulcers related bleeding is the common cause of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. In-hospital mortality was 9.8%.
Guidance to applying for health research grants in the UK
Authors: Sathian Brijesh , Van Teijlingen Edwin , Banerjee Indrajit , Kabir Russell
Published: January 2023

Applying for a research grant is one of the skills new researchers need to learn.  Writing a grant application can be an intimidating process.  Most research funders have either an online application system or a standard application form that can be emailed to the funder.  Although the length and layout of a grant application can vary between funding bodies, most ask for similar details, including a research proposal, the nature of the research team, a budget, a timeline, and often a risk assessment. This paper summarises key funding agencies in the health research field.  Furthermore, it briefly outlines the general process of applying for grants related to health and health services research in the UK.  To highlight some of the issues that can occur in the grant application process, we provide two examples of applications for international research grants from UK-based funding bodies, each had to be resubmitted before of it was successful in receiving funding.
Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices Towards Language Assessment in an Indonesian Islamic University
Authors: Rasyid Muhammad Nur Akbar
Published: January 2023

In recent decades, assessment design and implementation issues have been a severe concern in teaching and learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Language assessment, which is inextricably linked to EFL teachers' conceptions and education, influences students and their learning. This case study investigates teachers' underlying beliefs concerning EFL assessment as well as their practices in the classrooms of Indonesian Islamic universities. The study engaged ten university EFL teachers who work in an Indonesian Islamic Higher Education institution. The participants were recruited using the purposive sampling technique. Semi-structured interviews were used to determine teachers' beliefs about language assessment. Thematic analysis was used to transcribe, code and segment data to establish themes, categories, and subcategories that depict participants' beliefs regarding EFL assessment. The findings revealed that the participants used various terms to describe assessment, providing an exciting background to their practices. They also believed in language assessment's varied purposes, including administrative and pedagogical purposes. Most participants conceived assessment as an extension of EFL classroom teaching and learning, thus significantly impacting student learning and approaches to learning. Therefore, considering how assessments enhance student learning would influence teachers' decision-making. This paper also describes the implications of these findings for better governance of institutional systems for assessing English as a Foreign Language
Urban-Rural Discrepancy of Low Income Women’s Health Outcomes.
Authors: Abdul Kadir Hazila , Wan Puteh Sharifa Ezat
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Malaysia's rapid economic growth and rising living costs significantly affect the lower-income population, which is defined as individuals earning less than MYR3,855.00 (USD892.26) per month (B40). The study aimed to ascertain the quality of life (QOL), the needs of B40 women living in urban and rural areas, and their health status. Materials and Methods: On the year 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 300 respondents from the rural and urban poor were questioned about their needs, health status, and QOL using semi-guided instruments such as the EuroQol 5 Dimension (EQ5D) and Visual Analogue Score (VAS). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors influencing QOL and health status. Results: A total of 88% of respondents were Malays, 9.3% were Indian, and 2.7% were Chinese. The respondents' mean age was 45 years old. Most of the respondents were stay-at-home mothers (39.7%), employed (39.0%), and had completed secondary school education (61.0%). The average monthly household income was MYR1654.00 (SD845.3). Approximately 58.7% of respondents received subsistence assistance. A total of 47.7% of the respondents suffered chronic medical illness (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, renal problems, asthma, heart disease and cancer). The respondents obtained services from government-funded clinics or hospitals (86.0%) and private clinics or hospitals (14.0%). Most women sought treatment as inpatients at government hospitals (89.3%), while 10.7% sought care in private hospitals. A total of 94.0% paid for their own treatment, while 6.0% had their employers reimburse them. The respondents did not suggest any insurance benefits, particularly pertinent to the current government. Conclusion: The lack of chronic medical illnesses was one of the most crucial characteristics associated with high QOL and good health status.
A Brief Review of the Safe Management of COVID-19 Related Death and Its Control Strategies
Authors: Chng Kay Ly , Abdullah Nor Zamzila , Mohamad Sabir Puteri Nurin Sabrina , Shaharin Sharafina
Published: January 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a virus named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). With the increasing COVID-19 associated deaths, the infectivity and handling of the dead bodies associated with COVID-19 has become a worldwide concern in terms of spreading the infection further during handling of these bodies. As precaution, measures should be taken to contain the spread of infection while handling COVID-19 associated deaths. This review article aims to review the current management of COVID-19 associated deaths and control strategies in various countries which can guide medical examiners in handling the bodies including those with autopsy.
Validity and Reliability of Malay Language Breast Cancer Awareness Scale for Male-to-Female Transgender
Authors: Md Zin Hezlin , Draman Samsul , Shalihin Shaiful Ehsan , Mohd Rus Razman , Ahmad Alwi Akmal Azim
Published: January 2023

Introduction The breast cancer risk among female transgender for those using hormonal therapy is emerging. However, most of them also engaged in breast implant procedures resembling female sexual characteristics and satisfaction without realizing the risk of cancer development. Thus, breast cancer risk assessment of female transgender in Malaysia should be further evaluated. This study aims to develop and validate an assessment tool in the Malay version to measure breast cancer awareness among female transgender in Malaysia. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study with a purposive sampling method was conducted among 300 respondents in Pahang, Kedah, and Kelantan. The minimum number of respondents required was 300 persons based on the Nunnally method, with an item ratio of 1:10. All the subjects were given questionnaires on sociodemographic data and breast cancer-related items, consisting of five domains; knowledge of symptoms and clinical features, breast cancer risk factors, breast screening programs, barriers in seeking medical help, and lastly, the confidence, skills and behaviour concerning breast self-examination. Each domain consists of five to seven items. All the responses are recorded as ‘Yes,’ ‘No,’ or ‘Not Sure’ responses. Reliability was determined using Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency, while construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis. Results The reliability of the 28 items for Malay Version of Breast Cancer Awareness scale by Cronbach Alpha is 0.864, suggesting that the constructs are reliable and acceptable. In addition, the construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis highlights five meaningful domain. Conclusion This Malay language breast cancer awareness scale is a convenient self-assessment method, inexpensive and understandable which highlights common issues faced male-to-female transgender with targeted domains. In conclusion, this scale is valid and reliable by achievable internal consistency value of 0.864.
A Systematic Review of Maternal Dietary Intake and its Association with Childhood Stunting
Authors: Mohd Shukri Nor Azwani , Mohamed Nor Noraishah , Mustafa Norashikin , Azizan Amira Farhana , Rostam Mohamad Ashraf , Abu Seman Muhamad Sadry , Ab Hamid Mohd Ramadan , Romli Rahiwan Nazar
Published: January 2023

The first 1,000 days of a child’s life is a critical period of development in preventing childhood stunting. Despite various intervention programs, the global prevalence remains high. Maternal nutrition during pregnancy and exclusive breastfeeding plays an important role in infant development; thus, a systematic review of the relationship between maternal dietary intake and childhood stunting was conducted. The Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar electronic databases were used. Articles related to maternal nutrition and supplement intake with children's anthropometry data were included. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria and seven were included after quality assessment. The studies were reviewed thematically as the statistical analysis was not possible due to data heterogeneity. The Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and Critical Appraisal Skills Program tools were used to assess the quality of the included studies. The findings demonstrated that pregnant women need to eat a diverse diet with the inclusion of at least five food groups to fulfill the nutritional requirement. Daily protein intake between 0.8 and 1.1g/kg body weight is recommended for positive birth weight and height outcomes. Supplementation of vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, zinc, vitamin D, and calcium, was also shown to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, future studies should consider confounding factors such as hygiene level and clean water availability to determine the transparent effect of nutrition on childhood stunting. More longitudinal studies are required to ascertain the relationship between maternal dietary intake and childhood stunting, especially in Malaysia.
Covid-19 Pandemic: Help-seeking for Smoking Cessation among Adult Smokers in Malaysia during the Full Movement Control Order (FMCO)
Authors: Mohamed Mohd Haazik , Nik Mohamed Mohamad Haniki , Misdi Yessy Octavia , Chua Bee Seok , George Albert Wanda Kiyah , Mohd Dahlan Muhammad Faheem
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION: In Malaysia, the annual death due to smoking habits recorded as more than 23 thousand yearly. Hence smoking cessation should be emphasized to reduce the annual mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study is to identify the help-seeking behavior in smoking cessation among adult smokers and to determine its influencing factors during the Full Movement Control Order (FMCO) in Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Data were collected from cross-sectional surveys of Malaysian adult smokers. The questionnaire was distributed online through the official social media account of the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOHM) which commenced from 31st May 2021 in conjunction with the World No Tobacco Day. A multivariate binomial logistic regression was employed to analyze the relationship model between the predictors with the help-seeking for smoking cessation. RESULT: Out of 2,545 Malaysian adult smokers who have responded, 2,303 were males (90.5% of respondents) with mean age(sd) of 34.82(8.11) years (18 to 77 years). Slightly half (n=1353, 53%) have reported seeking help for smoking cessation and (n=1468, 57.7%) reported being unaware of the quitline services. Factors, such as quit smoking attempt (OR; 1.844, 95% CI = 1.384-2.458), Covid-19 pandemic situation (OR; 1.841, 95% CI= 1.553-2.183), being married (OR: 1.279, 95% CI = 1.04-1.57), unaware about quitline services (OR; 0.660, 95% CI = 0.557-0.781), non-alcohol drinkers (OR; 0.658, 95% CI = 0.473-0.916) significantly predicted the behaviour of help-seeking for smoking cessation. CONCLUSION: The results of this study would potentially support public health efforts in Malaysia in further enhancing health promotion and education programs as well as further strengthen the policy towards quit smoking issues.
AÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL NO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE ALIMENTAÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Manenti Marjana , Busnello Maristela Borin , Conte Francieli Aline
Published: January 2023

Este estudo teve como propósito descrever as ações e os desafios da Educação Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) desenvolvidas no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE). Foi realizado um estudo descritivo com nutricionistas atuantes em municípios da 36ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde na região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Todos os municípios realizavam ações de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional no âmbito do programa PNAE. Os nutricionistas afirmaram que as ações de EAN eram desenvolvidas principalmente por meio de palestras, orientações, oficinas, tendo a participação dos escolares e profissionais que preparam a alimentação. Entre os desafios foi mencionado a pouca valorização do tema, a falta de envolvimento dos profissionais da rede de educação, a falta de materiais de apoio, as interferências políticas nas equipes e nas ações e a descontinuidade das ações. Vê-se a necessidade criação de espaços de formação continuada no âmbito dos currículos escolares para a qualificação e capacitação tanto dos nutricionistas quanto dos educadores.
INFLUÊNCIA DO CONTEXTO SOCIOCULTURAL NO DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIOCOGNITIVO DE ALUNOS DOS ANOS FINAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Aguiar Maria Marlene Miranda , Boff Eva Teresinha de Oliveira , Castro Maria Célia Dias de
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho apresenta reflexões sobre os diversos fatores que interferiram na construção da aprendizagem de alunos dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. O objetivo foi analisar a influência do contexto sociocultural no desenvolvimento sociocognitivo de alunos dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental a partir da percepção deles. A pesquisa é qualitativa e teve como corpus de análise as respostas de um questionário respondido por 120 alunos de uma escola da rede municipal de uma cidade do sul do Maranhão. Os resultados revelaram que os alunos e a família deles vivem em situação de pobreza, e têm problemas como a fome, a violência, o desemprego, que já faziam parte do cotidiano deles e foram acentuados com a pandemia. Esses problemas, somados à carência de acesso à internet e aos aparatos tecnológicos e à falta de desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas no modelo de ensino remoto, culminaram na baixa aprendizagem desses alunos. Mesmo diante desse cenário de pobreza e de injustiça social, entretanto, os alunos creem na ascensão social por meio da educação. Embora em tempos com tamanhos desafios, como no contexto de pandemia, houve influências construtivas e transformadoras, as quais puderam ser desenvolvidas no contexto sociocultural escolar mediante Situação de Estudo.
COMPORTAMENTOS MUSICAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO MUSICAL
Authors: Santo Erickson Rodrigues do Espírito , Nogaro Arnaldo
Published: January 2023

Ao ressaltar a perda de alteridade da Grande Música em face da Indústria Cultural, Theodor W. Adorno vê, de uma forma dialética, o prejuízo musical que a Grande Música sofre na mídia sob o ponto de vista de horizonte musical bem como pedagógico. Assim, esse artigo, de natureza teórica e enfoque qualitativo, conduz-se pelo objetivo de problematizar, à luz do pensamento de Adorno, a respeito da diferença entre a Grande Música e a música de massa como fenômenos musicais e como a Grande Música é prejudicada nessa relação de alienação e consumo a partir do conceito adorniano de comportamentos musicais. A ideia nuclear é criar possibilidades para a identificação desses comportamentos musicais a fim de que eles possam ser trabalhados pelo educador musical, dentro de uma proposta de uma pedagogia que resista à barbárie, buscando a superação e a não repetição de fatos de amplo declínio humano, tal como bem nos orienta a filosofia de Adorno.
MAPEAMENTO SISTEMÁTICO DA LITERATURA SOBRE A EXPERIMENTAÇÃO QUÍMICA NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Melo Ângelo Gomes de , Santos Mirley Luciene dos , Araújo Cleide Sandra Tavares
Published: January 2023

O Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura realizado objetivou levantar informações sobre a Experimentação Química no Ensino Médio de 2009 a 2018, sendo que para isso, acessou-se a Plataforma Sucupira CAPES, área Ensino de Química, com os seguintes critérios: o acesso ao trabalho ser gratuito, estar em português, espanhol ou inglês; conter contribuições relacionadas à temática: “experimentos químicos no Ensino Médio”; logo após elegeu-se os seguintes descritores: Educação básica, Ensino Médio, Experiência(s), Experimentação(ões), Experimental(is), Experimento(s), Feira de Ciências, Laboratório, Prática(s), Química, Químico(s) e Reação(ões). Foram encontrados 228 artigos dos quais 195 se desenvolveram por meio de pesquisa experimental. Percebeu-se um avanço nas pesquisas no Ensino de Ciências, com o uso da Experimentação Química em Estados com melhor rendimento domiciliar per capita e maior PIB per capita. De modo geral, a análise das publicações evidenciou que a experimentação tem sido negligenciada no Ensino de Química, sendo apontadas possíveis causas. Entre as atividades experimentais desenvolvidas no Ensino Médio predominou a abordagem investigativa (29,23%), seguido da verificativa (9,74%) e demonstrativa (10,77%). Nos demais trabalhos, mais de um tipo de atividade experimental foi utilizada, ainda com predomínio da investigativa. No contexto dos artigos mapeados, 77,19% dos trabalhos concordam que a experimentação gera aprendizagem. Sobre a Experimentação Química com viés investigativo, concluem que esta aproxima a teoria da prática, torna o ensino reflexivo, autônomo e dá oportunidade ao estudante de firmar conceitos, gerando aprendizagem significativa e motivando os estudantes.
Nota editorial
Authors: Blamires Daniel
Published: January 2023

Após um breve atraso devido a mudanças estruturais e de corpo editorial, publicamos o V. 11, N. 1, 2022 da Revista Sapiência: sociedade, saberes e prática educacionais (ISSN 2238-3565), da Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Unidade Universitária de Iporá. A revista segue com publicações multidisciplinares semestrais em fluxo contínuo.

Os editores.
O MARKETING DIGITAL COMO FERRAMENTA DE VENDA DE PRODUTOS EM COOPERATIVAS DE CRÉDITO NO BRASIL
Authors: Oliveira Fernada Araújo , Lima Gustavo De Andrade , Lima Marcelo Jesus Nascimento
Published: January 2023

Resumo: o presente artigo discute sobre marketing digital, o qual é visto como uma ferramenta de gestão, e que dispõe de mecanismos pertinentes em tomada de decisão e definições de estratégias. É preciso utilizá-lo a favor da empresa e estar sempre atento às necessidades dos clientes. No entanto o marketing precisa ser visto como ferramenta significativa na divulgação e na comunicação das empresas para com seus clientes. Quando se refere a cooperativas de crédito, é preciso abordar e utilizar mecanismos estratégicos a fim de promover internamente seus produtos e serviços, considerando a satisfação em fazer parte da organização pelos seus colaboradores. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo desse estudo é verificar a importância do marketing digital como ferramenta para venda de produtos em cooperativas de crédito no Brasil. Para a realização deste artigo, envolvendo estas variáveis, adotou-se a metodologia em pesquisas bibliográficas, quanto aos fins como exploratória, qualitativa, onde os dados foram coletados por meio de pesquisas em artigos e livros.

Palavras-chave: Ambiente virtual. Ferramentas de gestão. Mecanismos estratégicos.  Marketing.
A FORMAÇÃO HISTÓRICO-TERRITORIAL DE GOIÁS PÓS-CRISE DA MINERAÇÃO COLONIAL
Authors: Borges Júlio César Pereira
Published: January 2023

Apresenta-se nesse artigo uma discussão sobre a formação territorial de Goiás tendo como ênfase o período pós-mineração colonial no Brasil. O objetivo principal é compreender as tramas em que Goiás estava inserido na época evidenciando os elementos econômicos e políticos que na sua singularidade o inseriu no concerto do mundo e condicionou a sua formação territorial a partir de então, final do século XVIII e início do século XIX. Os procedimentos teóricos e metodológicos se deram, a partir, de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, as quais, discorrem sobre a realidade política e econômica do Brasil e de Goiás naquele período. Chegou-se à conclusão que elementos políticos externos advindos da geopolítica capitalista implicaram na formação do território brasileiro e, por conseguinte, no território goiano. Porém, a crise da mineração promoveu um afastamento da coroa portuguesa, e, portanto, uma redução da intervenção do poder central. Essa condição permitiu uma reorganização territorial de Goiás a partir da agropecuária. 

Palavras Chave: Mineração Colonial. Crise. Território. Goiás.
Efikasi Vaksin Booster Streptococcus agalactiae pada Induk Ikan Nila Terhadap Imunitas Maternal untuk Pencegahan Streptococcosis
Authors: Hidayatullah Dendi , Sukenda Sukenda , Nuryati Sri , Mulyani Rahma , Kurniaji Ardana
Published: January 2023

Bakteri Streptococcus agalactiae merupakan patogen utama yang menyerang ikan nila mulai fase benih hingga dewasa. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menguji efikasi vaksin booster S. agalactiae di induk ikan nila sebelum pemijahan kedua terhadap imunitas maternal untuk pencegahan streptococcosis. Vaksin gabungan sediaan sel utuh dan produk ekstraselular (ECP) S. agalactiae diinjeksi sebanyak 0,4 mL/kg induk ikan dengan perbandingan 50:50% (v/v) dari dosis penyuntikan, sedangkan kontrol diinjeksi dengan phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Vaksin diberikan ke induk ikan pada fase tingkat kematangan gonad dua (TKG 2). Perlakuan penelitian yaitu induk diinjeksi PBS (K), induk diinjeksi vaksin satu kali (A), dan induk diinjeksi vaksin booster setelah pemijahan pertama (B). Uji tantang benih dari setiap induk perlakuan dilakukan melalui perendaman S. agalactiae 107 CFU/mL selama 30 menit pada umur benih 5, 10, 15, dan 20 hari setelah menetas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (P<0,05) pada total leukosit dan aktivitas fagositik induk ikan. Level antibodi dan lisozim induk, telur, dan benih dari perlakuan B signifikan lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan induk lainnya. Daya tetas telur dari perlakuan induk B (94,52%) signifikan lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dari pada perlakuan induk lainnya. Nilai Relative percent Survival benih dari perlakuan induk B tidak berbeda signifikan (P>0,05) dengan perlakuan benih dari induk A pada hari ke-5 tetapi, signifikan lebih tinggi (P<0,05) pada hari ke-10 hingga 20 pascatetas (96,61-54,17%). Pemberian vaksin booster di induk ikan nila sebelum pemijahan kedua dapat menstimulasi peningkatan imunitas dan transfer imunitas maternal ke anaknya untuk pencegahan streptococcosis.
Detection of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 among Children Undergoing Surgical Operations
Authors: Hasan Abdul-Razak Sh. , Hwaid Asmaa H. , Mahdy Zainab H.
Published: January 2023

Background: Toxic-shock syndrome (TSS) is an acute onset; multiorgan disease caused mainly by Toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) producing Staphylococcus aureus strains.Testing for TSST-1 or anti-TSST-1 antibodies in the clinical setting may help to predict and prevent the appearance of TSS caused by nosocomial S. aureus infection.Objectives: Detection of TSST-1 in the sera of children patients arranged to undergo surgical operations, and its relevance with certain demographic factors.Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Baquba General Teaching Hospital- Diyala province for the period from August 2015 to April 2016. Eighty eight patients from those undergoing surgical operations were enrolled. The age range was 1-14 years. Thirty one (35.2%) were males and fifty seven (64.8%) were females. Human privacy was respected by taking patient’s consensus. Venous blood samples were collected aseptically; the sera were separated and kept frozen till use. Serum samples were investigated for the presence of TSST-1 using ELISA technique. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 18. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: The results showed that the overall detection rate of TSST-1 among children undergoing surgeries was 44.3%. It was insignificantly higher among younger age group, females, and ruralizes. According to the type of surgery, the detection rate was higher among those patients with fractures (10.2%), followed by patients with burns (9.1%), but it failed to reach the levels of statistical significant.Conclusion: About one half of children patients undergoing surgical operations are infected with TSST-1 producing S. aureus.
Assessment of the efficiency of drinking water service in Halabja city
Authors: MuhammadSaid Najmaldeen Hadi
Published: January 2023

The production and consumption of potable water is one of the important applied topics to which planning studies have been directed, due to the increased demand for drinking water consumption and its other uses. The cities of the world suffer from the problem of providing services, especially the problem of water supply, which is a global phenomenon that increases in severity in dry areas and cities far from rivers.The study aimed to reveal the working mechanism of the drinking water production projects supplied to the city of Halabja and to evaluate its qualitative, quantitative and distributive efficiency. It also revealed that the city is equipped with potable water from two major projects and (7) artesian wells that serve (39) residential localities with a population of (79,505) people in (2021), The study relied on the descriptive analytical method in studying the reality of potable water services. The study reached a set of related conclusions and recommendations presented at the end of the research, the most important of which is that the quantity of potable water produced in the Halabja water projects is sufficient to meet all uses in the city. The per capita share amounted to (450 liters / person / day) (in 2021), which is greater than the specific schematic standard of (250 liters / person / day), and the water produced in terms of quality, are identical with the Iraqi and international standards.
Robust Steganography Technique for Embedding Secret Images
Authors: Majeed Nehayat Ezzaldeen , Sidqi Haval Mohammed
Published: January 2023

Steganography is a technique used to disguise the existence of a secret communication. It is used in many fields to solve information security problems. Steganography is a technique to embed secret data in a carrier image and obtain a new image that can't actually be distinguished from the original image. This paper proposes steganography method based on least significant bit (LSB) replacement and integer wavelet transform IWT through lifting scheme to achieve high quality of stego image. we will do some pre-processing on the secret image before embedding process. IWT transforms the secret image from spatial domain to a frequency domain and will be divided it into a group of sub-bands, some of which we will use for their utmost importance and ignore some of them.

We have embedded the secret image in a sequential LSB method and in a randomly LSB method and also by the method LSB matching. But after applying our proposed method to the secret image and then embedded it in each of the three above-mentioned methods, it was found that it had a higher degree of imperceptibly and obtained a higher rate of PSNR and the possibility of recovering the secret image without errors. By using the randomly and LSBM methods gives a higher security and resistance to extraction by attackers.
Media Pembelajaran Dalam Perspektif Al Quran ( Kajian Surah an Nahal Ayat 78)
Authors: Rahimi
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Media is something that can produce information and can process it systematically without having to be restated. The media is derived from Latin which means intermediary. This meaning can be said to be a communication tool used to carry information from source to receiver. The position of the learning media by them is that the learning media process is a communication process and it takes place in a system, so the learning media occupies an important position as one of the components of the learning system. Al-Qur'anul Karim is the greatest miracle of Islam and its miracles are always strengthening knowledge, He was sent down by Allah to His Messenger, Muhammad SAW to get people from dark to light and guide them to a straight path. And also whoever reads it becomes a worship for him.
PENAMPILAN ORGAN FISIOLOGIS AYAM PEDAGING DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MIX TEPUNG DAUN GINSENG (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.) DALAM RANSUM
Authors: Amir Yurni Sari , Siregar Ramond , Lutfi Ulva Mohtar , Fati Nelzi , Kurnia Dihan , Malvin Toni
Published: January 2023

Penelitian dengan penambahan mix tepung daun ginseng (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.) dalam ransum bertujuan untuk mengetahui responnya terhadap penampilan organ fisiologis dan bursa fabricius ayam pedaging. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 2 bulan di laboratorium Nutrisi dan Pakan Ternak dan di kandang ayam pedaging Laboratorium Produksi Ternak, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh. Penelitian ini dimulai sejak DOC sampai umur 33 hari, sebanyak 100 ekor ayam dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuannya adalah ransum basal 100% sebagai kontrol (A), penambahan mix tepung daun ginseng 0,5% (B), penambahan mix tepung daun ginseng 1% (C), penambahan mix tepung daun ginseng 1,5% (D) dan penambahan mix tepung daun ginseng 2% dalam ransum basal (E). Ransum basal terdiri dari jagung, bungkil sawit, bungkil kedele, tepung ikan, minyak dan top mix. Variabel yang diukur adalah persentase bobot hati, jantung, limpa dan bursa fabricius. Metode penelitian dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa penambahan mix tepung daun ginseng dalam ransum memberikan pengaruh yang  tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap persentase bobot hati, jantung, limpa dan bursa fabricius. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penambahan mix tepung daun ginseng dalam ransum sampai level 2% tidak memberikan respon yang negatif terhadap penampilan organ fisiologis dan bobot bursa fabricius ayam pedaging.
ANALISIS GAMBARAN RANTAI PASOK JAGUNG UNTUK PAKAN TERNAK DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT MENGGUNAKAN MODEL FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS (FSCN)
Authors: Aqil Muhammad , Nofialdi  , Hafizah Dian
Published: January 2023

Kabupaten Pasaman Barat, khususnya Kecamatan Kinali, Pasaman dan Luak Nan Duo merupakan daerah yang memiliki potensi jagung yang cukup tinggi. Pengembangan usaha jagung, khususnya petani jagung terkendala dalam masa tanam yang sifat tanamnya musiman, dalam jaminan kesinambungan kualitas produk, ketepatan waktu pengiriman produk yang menjadi kendala pada proses distribusi jagung kepada konsumen. Penanggulangan masalah ketersediaan jagung untuk bahan baku pakan ternak memerlukan kajian terhadap dinamika komoditas jagung, dapat dilihat melalui suatu rantai kegiatan. Jagung pada umumnya dikonsumsi dalam bentuk pipilan, akan tetapi ini diperuntukkan untuk konsumsi peternakan ayam petelur. Petani sebagai pelaku utama dalam hal ini umumnya tidak mendapat keuntungan yang optimal, karena semakin panjang sebuah rantai pasok maka akan memperlemah posisi tawar petani. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menggambarkan ranyai pasok jagung untuk pakan ternak di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan analisis data kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis profil rantai pasok menggunakan kerangka Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN). Sampel yang diambil yaitu petani sebanyak 75 orang, pedagang pengumpul 12 orang dan pedagang besar 1 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 pola saluran rantai pasok, yaitu pola saluran 1 terdiri dari petani – pedagang pengumpul 1– pedagang besar – konsumen, saluran 2 terdiri dari petani – pedagang pengumpul 2– konsumen dan saluran 3 terdiri dari petani – pedagang besar – konsumen. Aliran produk pada proses bisnis rantai pasok jagung mulai dari petani, pedagang pengumpul 1 dan 2 serta pedagang besar disini belum terlaksana dengan baik, karena tidak adanya siklus yang pasti untuk waktu pengiriman maupun kuota yang akan dikirim nantinya kepada konsumen akhir karena tidak dapat diprediksi jumlah yang akan dikirim.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Role Playing Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadist Kelas XI di MA Al-Ihsan Kalikejambon Tembelang Jombang
Authors: Permatasari Deni , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Husna Asiyah Lu'lu'ul
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out: 1. The use of role playing learning models in the subjects of the Koran, 2. Student learning outcomes in the subjects of the Koran, 3. Significant effects between the role playing learning models on student learning outcomes in al- the quran. This research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental approach. The population in this study were students of class XI MA Al-Ihsan totaling 49 students. The sample was divided into 2 classes, namely class XI IIS which amounted to 29 students as the experimental class and class XI MIPA totaling 18 students as the control class. In the experimental class, a role playing learning model is applied, while in the control class a varied lecture method is applied. From the data analysis, it was found that the experimental class which was taught using the role playing learning model obtained a pretest score of 70.1724 and a posttest score of 88.6207  with the difference in the average increase in learning outcomes 18. 4483. In the control class taught by conventional learning (without using role playing learning) obtained scores pretest 58.8889and posttest score 82.5000  with the difference in the average increase in learning outcomes 23.6111.
Hubungan Antara Keaktifan Mengikuti Kegiatan Pimpinan Komisariat (PK) IPNU/IPPNU Dengan Sikap Sosial Keagamaan Siswa MTs Sunan Gunung Jati Katemas Kudu Jombang
Authors: Rosyidah Uun Nur , Rohmah Hidayatur , Chotimah Chusnul
Published: January 2023

This research was conducted at MTs Sunan Gunung Jati Katemas which discussed the relation between activeness following the activities of Pimpinan Komisarian (PK) ) IPNU/IPPNU with Religious Social Attitudes at MTs Sunan Gunung Jati Katemas Kudu Jombang Academic Year 2019/2020. This research aims to answer the following problemsIs there a relation between active participation in activities of Pimpinan Komisariat (PK) IPNU / IPPNU with the religious social attitude of students at MTs Sunan Gunung Jati.This research used a type of field research. The research population was 30 respondents. Research data was collected then analyzed using statistical analysis techniques. Testing the research hypothesis using Product Moment correlation analysis. This research showed that there is a relation between the activeness of participating in the activities of Pimpinan Komisariat (PK) IPNU / IPPNU and the religious social attitudes of students at MTs Sunan Gunung Jati Katemas. This is based on the data was obtained, where rxy = 0.720 is greater than r table with a significance level of 5%, that is = 0.361, so rcount> rtabel, then the hypothesis is accepted, that is, there is a significant relationship between variable X (activeness following the activities of Pimpinan Komisariat (PK) IPNU / IPPNU) with variable Y (religious social attitude of students at MTs Sunan Gunung Jati Katemas).