bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apocryphal Stories about Angels in "Paley Tolkova"
Authors: Dergacheva I.V.
Published: November 2021

In the Old Russian Palea, which begins with a story about the creation of the world with extensive interpretations borrowed from the works of Severian of Gabala, Basil the Great, the interpretations of John Chrysostom on the Book of Genesis, the works of Epiphanius of Cyprus, “The Six Days” by John the Exarch of Bulgaria, the appearance of the earthly angels precedes the creation of the earthly world. The doctrine of the angelic ranks is based on the testimonies of the Old Testament about seraphim, cherubim, powers, angels and the New Testament information about thrones, dominions, powers, principles, archangels. In early patristics, the classification of heavenly powers belongs to Gregory the Theologian, as well as to Cyril of Jerusalem. The systematic doctrine of the hierarchy of heavenly forces belongs to Dionysius the Areopagite: in his work "On the heavenly hierarchy."
Intercultural Communication from the Position of Linguistics, Extraling Vistics and Social Psychology
Authors: Kornev V.A. , Murashkina O.V.
Published: November 2021

Cross-cultural communication is communication between representatives of different cultures, regardless of what field they communicate in. Now, when the mixing of peoples, the interpenetration of languages and cultures, the migration of population flows have reached an unprecedented scale, the problem of coexistence in a multicultural space, the dialogue of cultures, the education of tolerance for foreign cultures, the awakening of interest and respect for them, the overcoming of xenophobia, racism, nationalism and chauvinism is more acute than ever. This is the reason for the general increase in attention to intercultural communication, the study of its linguistic, sociological, psycholinguistic and other aspects.To date, research in the field of intersubject communication has focused on the behavior of people who encounter differences in language activity and the consequences of these differences. Most often, intersubject communication is interpreted as an adequate mutual understanding of communication participants belonging to different national cultures. Cross-cultural communication skills are necessary for those whose professional activities are directly related to the interaction between cultures and are carried out through communication. These include education, socio-political, translation, management, consulting, social work, journalism, business, etc. In recent years, increased interest not only in scientific circles, but also among the general public has attracted the problem of tolerance education. The main reasons for increasing attention to this problem are globalization, migration and socio-economic problems. In these conditions, the priority task is to address the problem of fostering tolerance in the younger generation.
Altın standart test yokluğunda tanısal doğruluk ölçütlerinin Bayesci yaklaşım ile tahmini: Helicobacter Pylori verisi uygulaması
Authors: ARSLAN Yusuf Kemal
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Tanı testleri, hasta ve sağlıklı bireylerin oluşturduğu heterojen bir kitlede bireyin gerçek durumunu ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla kullanılır. Bu çalışmada, altın standart test yokluğunda, Bayesci yaklaşım ile ilgilenilen tanı testine ait doğruluk ölçütlerini elde etmek ve diğer yöntemlerle karşılaştırması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Helicobacter Pylori tanısında; HpSA, Kültür, CLO, Histoloji ve PCR gibi farklı testler kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Bayesci yaklaşımla parametre tahminlerinin elde edilmesinde önsel bilgileri (prevalans, duyarlılık vs.) içeren modeller oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada bu tanı testlerinin doğruluklarının saptanmasında ortaya çıkabilen kesin olmayan altın standart yanlılığının düzeltilmesi amacıyla Bayesci yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla H. Pylori ile ilgili bir uzmanlık tezine ait veriler WinBUGS ve R paket programları yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Bayesci çıkarsama yapıldığında hastalık ile ilgili prevalans bilgisi ve önsel bilgi dikkate alındığından tanı testine ait pozitif ve negatif kestirim değerlerine ait sonuçların daha güvenilir olduğu saptanmıştır. Kestirim değerlerine benzer şekilde duyarlılık ve seçicilik değerleri içinde güvenilir sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Bayesci yaklaşım ile elde edilen güvenilir aralık önsel bilgi kullanıldığında daralmıştır.

Sonuç: Altın standardın olmadığı durumlarda prevalans gibi önsel bilgileri kullanan Bayesci yaklaşımlar klinisyenler için tanıda kolaylık sağlayacaktır.
Assessment of Water Quality Index of Groundwater Resources in Iwo Local Government Area, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NIGERIA, Adetona Y. O. , Oladepo K. T. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NIGERIA
Published: November 2021

This study assessed the groundwater quality of 30 selected wells and boreholes in Iwo Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. Groundwater sources were randomly stratified and identified according to the 15 political wards using hand-held GPS equipment. The sources were sampled during the rainy season (October) and dry season (January) to determine water quality. The physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the water samples such as temperature, turbidity, total suspended solids, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, lead, manganese, cadmium, chromium, and total coliform were determined using standard methods. The results showed that total hardness, calcium, cadmium, sulphate, and phosphate had mean values above the acceptable values for rainy and dry seasons; their mean values in mg/l for the rainy season were 252.933, 98.267, 0.018, 305.119, and 1.762, respectively, while their values for the dry season were 299.633, 115.831, 0.020, 285.695 and 1.705, respectively. The Water Quality Index (WQI) values showed that 30% of the selected groundwater sources were fit for consumption while 60% were poor and 10% were unfit for drinking during the rainy season. During the dry season, 50% of the groundwater sources were fit for consumption, 40% were poor, and 10% were unfit for consumption.
Desde el sexo y el exotismo. Etnografías de un marica biracial en dark rooms
Authors:   Universidad Icesi, Alegría Lozada Alexánder
Published: November 2021

En este libro el autor consigue establecer relaciones –en ocasiones de gran alcance sociológico- entre la ciudad de Barcelona y su condición de marica birracial o entre la arquitectura de los dark rooms y el tipo de prácticas sexuales que los hombres tienen en ellos. Su trabajo habla de deseo y consigue describir la experiencia de desear sin aislar lo que hay en esta de estructura patriarcal, de gozo subjetivo, de fiesta y de poder masculino. Critica las formas de discriminación y valoración sexual que sobre los cuerpos se establecen entre hombres, pero también sucumbe a ellas y las aprovecha y, sobre todo, expone diáfanamente estas contradicciones. Encuentra que los dark rooms tienen una estructura, que moldea y regula la sexualidad, y que no todo es posible en ellos, como le había sugerido la literatura que encontró sobre el tema: esta estructura es la oscuridad, propiciada por la complejidad arquitectónica, frente a la cual los sujetos no tienen de otra que plegarse o intentar subvertirla con tácticas deficitarias [Viviam Unás Camelo].
Prolonged Load Carriage Impacts Magnitude and Velocity of Knee Adduction Biomechanics
Authors: Salverda Gaervyn John
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Adopting knee adduction biomechanics during prolonged load carriage, a common military occupational
activity, may increase service members knee osteoarthritis (OA) risk. Although service members reportedly increase knee adduction
motions and moments during prolonged load carriage, it is unknown if either body borne load or walk duration increases velocity
of knee adduction biomechanics, and subsequent knee OA risk. Varus thrust and alignment are also related to greater knee OA risk,
yet it is unknown whether varus thrust and/or alignment are related to magnitude and velocity of knee adduction biomechanics
during prolonged load carriage. Purpose: To determine whether body borne load and walk duration impacted
magnitude and velocity of knee adduction biomechanics, or whether increases in knee adduction biomechanics are related
to knee varus thrust or alignment. Methods: Seventeen participants (11 male/6 female, 23.2 ± 2.9 yrs,
1.8 ± .09 m, 71.0 ± 12.1 kg) had knee adduction biomechanics quantified while walking 1.3 m/s for 60 minutes with three
body borne loads (0 kg, 15 kg, and 30 kg). Specifically, peak, average and maximum velocity, as well as time to peak,
for knee adduction angle and moment, and varus thrust (first 16% of stance) were calculated at minutes 0, 30, and 60
of the load carriage task. Static knee alignment was calculated as the frontal plane knee projection
angle. Statistical Analysis: Participants were defined as varus thrust (VT, n=8) or control (CON, n=9). Then,
each knee adduction measurement was submitted to a repeated measures ANCOVA to test the main effect and interaction
between body borne load (0 kg, 15 kg, and 30 kg), time (minutes 0, 30, and 60), and
group (VT and CON), with static alignment considered a covariate. Results: A significant 3-way
interaction for maximum varus thrust velocity (p=0.014), revealed the VT group exhibited greater maximum velocity at
minutes 0 through 60 (p ≤ 0.038) with the 0 kg load, and minutes 0 and 60 (p ≤ 0.043) with the 15 kg load. Significant
load by group interactions for magnitude (p=0.008) and average velocity (p=0.013) of varus thrust, and maximum KAA
velocity (p=0.041) revealed VT participants exhibited larger and faster varus thrust and knee adduction angle than
the CON group with the 0 kg and 15 kg loads (p < 0.050). Additionally, both magnitude and maximum velocity of KAM
increased with the addition of load (p=0.009 and p=0.004), and walk duration increased magnitude of varus thrust
(p=0.044). Static alignment was not a significant covariate for any knee adduction measure
(p > 0.05). Conclusion: During prolonged load carriage participants adopted larger, faster knee adduction
biomechanics, potentially increasing risk of knee OA. The VT group exhibited greater knee OA risk, and larger, faster
knee adduction motions when walking with the lighter (0 kg and 15 kg) loads; while CON adopted increases in knee
adduction biomechanics related to knee OA with the heavy (30 kg) load.
Technology, Public Participation, and the American Bureaucracy
Authors: Torres Christopher George
Published: November 2021

This dissertation analyzes three participatory technology assessment (pTA) projects conducted within
United States federal agencies between 2014 and 2018. The field of Science and Technology Studies (STS)
argues that a lack of public participation in addressing issues of science and technology in society has
produced undemocratic processes of decision-making with outcomes insensitive to the daily lives of the
public. There has been little work in STS, however, examining what the political pressures and administrative
challenges are to improving public participation in U.S. agency decision-making processes. Following a
three-essay format, this dissertation aims to fill this gap. Drawing on qualitative interviews with key
personnel, and bringing STS, policy studies, and public administration scholarship into conversation, this
dissertation argues for the significance of “policy entrepreneurs” who from within U.S. agencies advocate
for pTA and navigate the political controls on innovative forms of participation. The first essay explores
how the political culture and administrative structures of the American federal bureaucracy shape the
bureaucratic contexts of public participation in science and technology decision-making. The second essay
is an in-depth case study of the role political controls and policy entrepreneurs played in adopting,
designing, and implementing pTA in NASA’s Asteroid Initiative. The third essay is a comparative analysis
of how eight political and administrative conditions informed pTA design and implementation for NASA’s Asteroid
Initiative, DOE’s consent-based nuclear waste siting program, and NOAA’s Environmental Literacy Program. The
results of this dissertation highlight how important the political and administrative contexts of federal
government programs are to understanding how pTA is designed and implemented in agency science and technology
decision-making processes, and the key role agency policy entrepreneurs play in facilitating pTA through these
political and administrative contexts. This research can aid STS scholars and practitioners better anticipate
and mitigate the barriers to embedding innovative forms of public participation in U.S. federal government
science and technology program design and decision-making processes.
Assessing Controls on Ice Dynamics at Crane Glacier, Antarctic Peninsula Using a Numerical Ice Flow Model
Authors: Aberle Rainey
Published: November 2021

The widespread retreat of glaciers and the collapse of ice shelves along the Antarctic Peninsula has been attributed to
atmospheric and oceanic warming, which promotes mass loss. However, several glaciers on the eastern peninsula that were
buttressed by the Larsen A and B ice shelves prior to collapse in 1995 and 2002, respectively, have been advancing in
recent years. This asymmetric pattern of rapid retreat and long-term re-advance is similar to the tidewater glacier cycle,
which can occur largely independent of climate forcing. Here, I use a width- and depth-integrated numerical ice flow model
to investigate glacier response to ice shelf collapse and the influence of changing climate conditions at Crane Glacier,
formerly a tributary of the Larsen B ice shelf, over the last ~10 years. Sensitivity tests to explore the influence of
perturbations in surface mass balance and submarine melt (up to 10 m a-1) and fresh water impounded in crevasses
(up to 10 m) on glacier dynamics reveal that by 2100, the modeled mass discharge ranges from 0.53-98 Gt a-1, with
the most substantial changes due to surface melt-induced thinning. My findings suggest that the growth of a floating ice
tongue can hinder enhanced flow, allowing the grounding zone to remain steady for many decades, analogous to the advancing
stage of the tidewater glacier cycle. Additionally, former tributary glaciers can take several decades to geometrically
adjust to ice shelf collapse at their terminal boundary while elevated glacier discharge persists.
Understanding Teachers’ Perceptions and Strategies Implemented in High School Mathematics Classes Using ALEKS
Authors: Kumor Tristan
Published: November 2021

The Assessment and Learning in Knowledge Spaces (ALEKS) is an adaptive learning tool used by hundreds of thousands of high school students in the United States.
This study was designed to understand how teachers in high school mathematics classrooms used the ALEKS system for instruction and to examine what their
perceptions were of its ease of use and usefulness. A basic qualitative study was conducted where five Chicagoland high school mathematics teachers were
interviewed three times over the course of one academic school year. This study asked teachers to share first hand experiences and perceptions of using ALEKS.
The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) served as the theoretical framework for examining these experiences and perceptions.

The results of this study indicate a variety of teaching strategies that teachers used with ALEKS as well as many common themes. Teachers used the ALEKS tool
for assessing student understanding through its quizzes and assignments, used the data analysis tools with the program to analyze student progress, and made use
of ALEKS to allow students to practice and receive feedback on mathematical concepts. The findings of this study indicate that teachers found ALEKS to be easy
to use and useful in their teaching. Specifically, teachers cited the assessment tools, built-in feedback, ability to personalize learning, and the accessibility
of learning tools for students as useful in their teaching.
Modeling Real and Fake News Sharing in Social Networks
Authors: Joy Abishai
Published: November 2021

Online media is changing the traditional news industry and diminishing the role of journalists, newspapers, and even news
channels. This in turn is enhancing the ability of fake news to influence public opinion on important topics. The threat of fake
news is quite imminent, as it allows malicious users to share their agenda with a larger audience. Major social media platforms
like Twitter, Facebook, etc., are making it easy to spread fake news due to the minimal moderation/ fact-checking on these platforms.

This work aims at predicting fake and real news sharing in social media. Specifically, we employ a multi-level influence, drawn from
the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory on a real-world dataset and predict whether and when a given user will share information
in social media. We hypothesize that fake and real news sharing is better predicted by considering user, news, and network-level
feature attributes together.

We are also predicting the time elapsed between the influencer and follower shares via survival analysis. Binary classifiers such
as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, etc. are used for the prediction of fake and real news sharing. This approach is
demonstrated using a dataset comprising 1,572 users that are sampled from the FakeNewsNet repository. Our results show a 30%
increase in the Area Under Receiver Operation Characteristics (AUROC) in comparison to the best baseline. Real and fake news
sharing shows high dependency on user similarity, tie strength, and explicit features.

Furthermore, the analysis shows that users with characteristic features like love, self-transcendence, ideals, conservation,
and openness to change tend to share real news, whereas users with dominant features like self-enhancement, curiosity, closeness,
structure, and harmony are more likely to share fake news.

Finally, survival analysis is employed to predict the time elapsed between influencer and follower shares. The Concordance
Index (C-Index) for real news sharing is slightly lower compared to the baseline, and the C-Index of Random Survival Forest
(RSF) is comparable to the baseline for fake news sharing. Furthermore, in comparison to the regression baseline models, the
Mean Absolute Error (MAE) is significantly less in RSF for both real and fake news sharing.
The 4D Living Genome
Authors: Goelzer Julianna Arlene Sherman
Published: November 2021

Over the last few decades great advances have been made in our understanding of gene expression and the
human genome. In 2003 the human genome was sequenced for the first time, allowing us to discover its true
importance in human health. While sequencing the human genome was a great advance, it ultimately created
more questions than it answered. It is known that the genomic sequence is extremely important in genome
regulation, however recent studies have shown that the 4D (spatiotemporal) organization and dynamics of the
living genome plays an equally critical role in regulation of gene expression. A key factor in the spatiotemporal
genome is the temporal and spatial coordination of transcription factors required for gene expression. We focus on
addressing both the spatial and temporal aspects of the genome through a cutting-edge microscopy technique known as
3D Orbital Tracking Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (3DOT-FCCS) in conjunction with Molecular Dynamics
simulations. The synergistic use of these techniques will provide a clearer picture of the rules that govern the human genome.
Computational Modeling Towards Accelerating Accident Tolerant Fuel Concepts and Determining In-Pile Fuel Behavior
Authors: Sikorski Ember
Published: November 2021

To mitigate global warming, we need to develop carbon-free ways to generate power. Nuclear energy currently
generates more carbon-free power in the United States than all other sources combined at 55%. To make nuclear
as viable a power source as possible, we need to maximize power density and safety. Both of these can be improved
with Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) materials. Uranium nitride (UN), a candidate ATF material, offers high fuel
economy due to its uranium density and improved safety margins from thermal properties. However, its instability
in the presence of water, a reactor coolant, must be addressed. This dissertation employs Density Functional
Theory-based methods to investigate the atomistic and electronic mechanisms in UN corrosion initiation. To ensure
accuracy in future UN models, the effects of magnetic treatments on UN surface stability and corrosion properties
are also determined.

The performance of advanced nuclear materials must be tested in research reactors before they can be implemented
in power reactors. To get real-time temperature data from these tests, sensors are required that can survive the
high temperatures and irradiation. To meet these needs, Idaho National Laboratory has been developing High Temperature
Irradiation Resistant Thermocouples (HTIR-TCs). Towards increasing temperature resolution and in-pile lifetime, an ab
initio method has been developed to predict HTIR-TC performance. The method considers the effects of composition and
temperature on performance and has been validated against experiment. To predict the interaction of HTIR-TCs with research
reactor coolant, corrosion and oxidation mechanisms have been investigated. By examining the diffusion behaviors of water
and oxygen, recommendations are made for which thermoelement materials may be the most resistant to corrosion and/or oxidation.
Police Officer Years of Service
Authors: Jeffries Rachel
Published: November 2021

In the 2019 National Crime Victimization Survey, only 52.2% of domestic violence (DV) incidents were reported to the police (Morgan & Truman, 2020).
With significantly low reporting rates, policing agencies may be asking themselves what they can do to encourage victims of DV to come forward and
report their victimizations. Research on DV victims’ perceptions of police response suggests that, when police provide empathy-like responses to
victims of DV, there are numerous benefits for the victim and the policing agency (Birdsey & Snowball, 2013; Johnson, 2007; Stephens & Sinden, 2000).
Thus, empathy could be a central component to improving reporting rates of DV and victim relations with police. Unfortunately, however, there is little
research assessing what increases an officer’s likelihood in displaying empathy.

Using Michael Lipsky’s (2010) theory on street-level bureaucracy, it was hypothesized that officers with fewer years of service would engage in more
displays of empathy. Through a secondary data analysis of 200 DV police reports (Growette Bostaph et al., 2019), a total of 428 officers were
identified and used as the unit of analysis in the present study. Upon calculating descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses, logistic
regression models were used to determine predictors of police officer displays of empathy towards victims of DV. Contrary to the original
hypothesis and Lipsky’s theory (2010), the results indicate that officers’ years of service increase their likelihood to display empathy
towards victims of DV. This thesis concludes with a discussion of the major findings and their significance for policy and future research.
Diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B. What contributions can prisons make?
Authors: Vergara M
Published: November 2021

Hepatitis B is a parenterally and sexually transmitted infection. Vaccination for the disease is highly effective, and its inclusion in Spain as part of a systematic and universal schedule for newborns has led to a significant decrease of incidence in the national population. However, the number of inmates born in other countries - some from endemic areas of HBV infection -, the mechanisms of transmission and lack of vaccination in third world countries mean that its prevalence in the prison population is higher than in the general population. These institutions therefore play an essential role in detecting and managing hepatitis B. In this paper, the situation of hepatitis B in prisons is reviewed and recommendations are proposed to optimize its control.
Perspectivas de un modelo de educación inclusiva para sordos a nivel superior
Authors: Ariza Rua Willian Antonio
Published: November 2021

The article is focused to give a panorama in fi rst plane in determining the appearances of the education like right, in second measure in specifying the right to the education in the international fi eld to establish the importance that has the education for the States and fi nally, instituir in which moment gives start to an education And in which order has implemented in the University ECCI. The institution designed a proposal to build a model of education inclusiva with the purpose that answer to the char-acteristic linguistic partner of the Deaf students, guaranteeing them the right to the education, to the opportunity and to the equality of conditions, by means of a pertinent educational offer that respect his tongue And it project them in labour fi elds of high demand in the frame of the interculturalidad, the diversity and the equity, for his integral develop-ment like human beings.Giving as resulted a politics of inclusion, the realisation of adjust reasonable to level curricular, the training of educa-tional in context of the deaf person and tongue of signals, adecuación of media, creation of semilleros of investigation, accessibility and virtualización of the asignaturas virtual and design of level Of Spanish like second tongue for deaf people, the previous obeyed to the fruit of a work investigativo, inside the line of investigation Pedagogical Innovation and in the sublínea Special Projects Education Inclusiva for deaf in Upper Education, employing an explanatory descrip-tive study. That it comported us to the educational inclusion for this type of people like subjects of rights the frame of the educational context so that they are partícipes of transformations.
The Impact of Civil Society on Control of Corruption: A Comparative Study of Russia and Iran
Authors: Estebari Amir H.
Published: November 2021

This paper studies the role of civil society in controlling corruption in public services in two developing countries: Russia and Iran. Research on the relationship between civil society and corruption control in these two countries is insufficient. Selecting Russia and Iran for comparison is based on similarities between them in terms of economic and political systems, and the developments of their civil societies. This paper compares the historical developments and the status of corruption and civil society in both countries; the efforts that civil society actors have made in battling corruption; and the state’s reaction to these attempts. This study covers a period of almost three decades from the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 to 2020. The findings of the study show that the civil societies in both countries have had limited impact on controlling corruption over the period. Although these findings do not support a prominent role for civil society in control of corruption in past, the author argues that, according to some evidence, there is a possibility of a stronger role for civil society in combatting corruption in both countries in the future.
North America needs Youth, Peace and Security: young people shifting tides for positive peace
Authors: Leclerc Katrina , Wong Shayne
Published: November 2021

The United Nations' Youth, Peace and Security (YPS) agenda ensures and demands the protection and recognition of young people's roles in peace and security. This article focuses on why domestic YPS implementation is needed with the rise of social justice activism by young people in North America.

 

The rise of youth activism and youth leadership in social justice movements has given a space for the global political agenda to challenge traditional approaches to "peace and security" frameworks. This includes challenging pre-conceived notions of YPS - and its policy frameworks - as a 'foreign' agenda by North American and other Western countries. We argue that this global shift in youth social justice activism demonstrates the need for critical domestic implementation and policy priorities for the YPS agenda within traditional donor- or Western- States, using Canada and the United States as case studies.
Book Review: Transational Sites of China's Cultural Diplomacy: Central Asia, Southeast Asia, Middle East and Europe Compared.
Authors: O Clark Anton
Published: November 2021

This review celebrates editors Jarmila Ptáčková, Ondřej Klimeš, and Gary Rawnsley’s Transnational Sites of China’s Cultural Diplomacy. Ptáčková Et. Al. advocate for a transnational approach to the study of Chinese cultural diplomacy, suggesting that various sites or localities that aim to improve the image of the PRC aboard can be read as discrete units of analysis. This method stresses the need to expand our understanding of how state or non-state actors’ excerpt or fail to excerpt influence within a given region. An emphasis is placed on the diverse set of forces that are involved in shaping the meaning of a given states cultural diplomacy. The nine chapters in this volume demonstrate how different “sites” influence China’s cultural diplomacy. An effort is made to emphasize how China has adapted or failed to adapt to local circumstance, stressing the governments rapidly changing and developing cultural-diplomatic apparatus. It is concluded that this volume constitutes an important contribution to the study of policy, cultural diplomacy, and our future understanding of the PRC and its ability to win over hearts and minds in a global context.
An institutional evaluation of radiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide exclusively in grade III gliomas
Authors: Darisi Naga Chandra Sekhar , Konakalla V. L. Anusha , Koyyala Venkata Pradeep Babu
Published: November 2021

Background: Gliomas are the most common tumors that develop from glial cells in the brain. As per WHO classification, grade III (high-grade) gliomas are usually treated by surgery followed by radiotherapy. Concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) is showing new hope in the management.Methods: Prospective study was conducted in 20 WHO grade III glioma patients at GSL medical college and general hospital for a period of 2 years (August 2019 to July 2021) to evaluate the role of concurrent and adjuvant TMZ with radiation in the treatment of grade III gliomas. The primary objectives of the study were to determine toxicity and response rates in our set of patients. The secondary objectives were to determine progression-free survival and overall survival.Results: Majority were males (80%) in the age group of 30 to 49 (75%). 40% of gliomas were in the temporal lobe. Headache was the most presenting symptom (60%) followed by seizures (35%).70 to 80 Karnofsky performance status/ KPS score was seen in 70% of cases. None of the patients in the study had grade 3 or 4 toxicities. 40% had a complete response according to MacDonald’s criteria. At a median follow-up of 10 months, 25% of patients had disease progression and 1yr overall survival was 95%.Conclusions: TMZ combined with radiation was well tolerated in our set of patients with grade III gliomas without any significant toxicity.
Difference between penetrating versus blunt ocular trauma in diagnosis, treatment and complications
Authors: Alnahdi Ahmed Thabit , Alaamri Ahmed A. , Alajmi Abdullah K. , Alkuwaykibi Malak K. , Bati Ruba A. , Alrabee Abdulaziz A. , Salman Fawaz M. , AlHawsawi Sahar Y. , Aldrees Ridha S. , Shablahah Abdullah N. , Alhasani Hussain M.
Published: November 2021

Ocular trauma can be broadly classified into open and closed injuries. However, many subclassifications were reported based on the causative object and extent of the injury. The diagnosis and management of the various ocular traumas are different based on the underlying etiology, the severity of the case and the potentially related complications. Accordingly, in the present study, we aimed to conduct a thorough discussion about the diagnosis, treatment, complications of the blunt and penetrating ocular traumas and the potential differences between the two types of injuries. Our findings indicated that the diagnosis of the conditions mainly differed in the step of obtaining an adequate history from the affected patients based on the diagnosis of the condition that can be established. Furthermore, a routine examination should also be performed for both cases to enhance the prognosis and preserve vision. In addition, prognosis is usually worse in cases of penetrating or perforating injuries where eye inoculation might be indicated in severe cases. A detailed description of this information is provided within the manuscript based on the etiology of the underlying ocular injury and the related prognostic outcomes.
Genetic, environmental and microbiological causes of periodontal diseases
Authors: Alhabdan Yazeed Abdullah , Albeshr Abdulhameed G. , Alqahtani Shoroq Mansour , Khallaf Rudaina Saud , Saidi Khadijah Mustafa , Alqiraiqri Khalid Aymen , Aljuaid Bader Atallah , Albasher Alaa Abdulkalq , Lrasheedi Naif Mayouf , Altheiaib Dalal Mohammad , Alsharif Ahmed Nayef , Alnefaie Mohammed Abdulrahman
Published: November 2021

Periodontal disease is a term that can be used to describe different oral conditions that occur to the gingiva, in addition to the bones and ligaments supporting the teeth. Periodontal diseases can develop secondary to inflammatory, developmental, genetic, traumatic, neoplastic, and metabolic disorders. In the present literature review, we aim to discuss the different genetic, environmental, and microbiological causes of periodontal diseases based on evidence from the current studies in the literature. Evidence regarding genetics is still not adequate, and further research is still needed to understand the main mechanism of this etiology furtherly. Different diseases and habitual factors can contribute periodontal diseases, mainly due to increased inflammation-induced pathological events. Further attention should be directed to preventing these events to intervene against the development of periodontal diseases adequately. Early interventions against these diseases can attribute to enhance the health and prognosis of the affected patients significantly. Microbiological causes are also important and usually develop mainly as a result of poor hygiene. Therefore, further interventional research should be directed towards raising awareness among individuals to reduce the incidence of the condition.
Elective neck dissection versus watchful waiting in the management of early tongue cancers with node negative neck: our experience of 68 cases
Authors: Gupta Anchal , Sharma Rupali , Kalsotra Gopika , Manhas Arun , Raj Dev
Published: November 2021

Background: Prognosis for tongue squamous cell carcinoma depends upon lymph node metastasis and the treatment plan depends upon the management of cervical lymph node metastasis.

Methods: A prospective analysis of early squamous cell carcinoma oral tongue was done February 2017 to February 2020 in previously untreated and biopsy proven patients with T1-2N0 cancer of tongue and patients with clinically negative nodes on the basis of palpation, ultrasound and computerized tomography (CT) and previously untreated and biopsy proven patients with T1-2N0 cancer of oral cavity. After proper work up, patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n=35) patients that underwent a surgical excision of primary tumor with 15mm safe margin and selective neck dissection (level I, II, III), group 2 (n=33) patients that underwent surgical excision of primary tumor with 15 mm safe margin and neck observation. All patients with tumor thickness ≥4 mm were included in this group. 

Results: The study included 51 (75%) males and 17(25%) female patients. In this study, recurrence was significantly related to tumor thickness (p<0.05) i.e., >4 mm tumor thickness showed significantly higher local recurrence and nodal recurrences. Also, a significantly higher relationship was seen between nodal recurrence and postoperative close surgical margins (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Elective neck dissection becomes necessary in patients with T2N0 tumors and tumor thickness of >4 mm as frequency of occult metastasis and recurrence is more in these patients.
Global Exchanges. Scholarships and Transnational Circulations in the Modern World
Authors: Méndez Rojas Diana Alejandra
Published: November 2021

Ludovic Tournès & Giles Scott-Smith (eds.), Global Exchanges. Scholarships and Transnational Circulations in the Modern World, New York- Oxford, Berghahn, 2018, 344 pp.
Compromiso militante y producción historiográfica. Hernán Ramírez Necochea y Julio César Jobet (1930-1973)
Authors: Dip Nicolás
Published: November 2021

Gorka Villar Vásquez, Compromiso militante y producción historiográfica. Hernán Ramírez Necochea y Julio César Jobet (1930-1973), Santiago de Chile, Editorial Universitaria, 2021.
Electrokit: Power Utility Toolkit-Electricity Loss Reduction
Authors: Bonzi Augusto , Boeck Eric , Hallack Michelle , Weiss Mariana , Daltro Yuri , Alarcon Arturo , Montanez Leopoldo
Published: November 2021

The Electrokit is an initiative created by the IDB to strengthen transformation and continuous improvement of electric utilities in the LAC region. The Electrokit is organized in 16 activities that are common to most electricity utilities. This publication presents the indicators and best practices related to Electricity Loss Reduction. The aim of the toolkit is to provide power utilities, policy and decision-makers access to best practices, current trends, and expertise to: (i) identify challenges, develop a strategy and action plan for addressing them; and (ii) support utilities to be more sustainable, efficient, improve customer experience and accelerate innovation to stay ahead of the rapidly sector transformation.
Ensino Remoto Emergencial e Reforma Neoliberal da Educação Brasileira: Tecendo Relações
Authors: Alencar Fabio Rapello , Barros Valquiria da Silva
Published: November 2021

A pandemia de COVID-19 exigiu medidas extremas para conter a circulação do vírus e o isolamento social foi a estratégia sanitária que mais se destacou no controle das curvas de contaminação semanal. Essa medida exigiu reorientação do comportamento e das práticas sociais, impondo à população mundial restrições de circulação, exigindo de todos a adaptação às novas formas de se relacionar. Nesse contexto, a escola foi uma das instituições que mais foram afetadas. Com a suspensão do ensino presencial, o ensino remoto emergencial (ERE) foi a solução sugerida pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC) e adotada pelos outros entes federativos. Contudo, sem contar com planejamento pedagógico adequado e sem consultar os agentes envolvidos no processo educacional, o processo de ensino implantado em tempos de reclusão doméstica evidencia a exclusão digital como o maior entrave na implementação desse modelo. Esse texto apresenta uma breve discussão que contempla a implementação do ERE na pandemia como uma estratégia que abre precedentes para a implantação da Educação a distância (EaD) como modelo de ensino em conformidade com interesses neoliberais no processo de privatização da Educação básica no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de cunho exploratório que se baseia no conceito de neoliberalismo educacional, de Christian Laval (2019) e dos estudos de Luiz Carlos Freitas (2018) sobre a mercantilização da Educação no Brasil.
Palavras-chave: Educação pública. Reforma neoliberal. Ensino remoto. Pandemia. Isolamento social.
Informação, Cultura, Conhecimento e Entretenimento: a Rádio CECIERJ Está no AR!
Authors: Monaco Rosa Maria Garcia , Leyendecker Niely Natalino de Freitas
Published: November 2021

A Fundação Centro de Ciências e Educação Superior a Distância do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, o CECIERJ, tem por mérito ser uma instituição reconhecida na educação pública no Estado, por décadas. Mediante a expertise cunhada pela instituição ao longo dos anos, buscamos propor a inserção de um meio de comunicação alternativo em seu método de trabalho, a fim de vislumbrar ricas possibilidades de alargamento ao acesso democrático de seus estudantes nas mais diversas regiões do Estado, a Rádio CECIERJ. Sua finalidade seria de contribuir com um papel agregador e integrador para com os estudantes e toda a comunidade envolvida. O artigo tem como objetivo compreender acerca de contribuições possíveis à implementação de uma rádio para divulgação de informação, cultura, conhecimento e entretenimento da Fundação CECIERJ, em adição aos seus projetos educacionais. Dentre os mecanismos digitais, o rádio encontra, em meio ao momento de pandemia mundial, seu espaço em prol de preencher lacunas deixadas pela exclusão digital. Pelo fato da Fundação CECIERJ exercer importante relevância na modalidade a distância em diversos níveis de formação e ensino, o alinhamento do rádio serviria aos seus meios de divulgação de informação, cultura, conhecimento e entretenimento, na frequência modulada (FM), com difusão também por meio de rádio web. Desse modo, mesmo em face à ausência digital, a frequência radiofônica seria mais uma garantia de suprir onde a internet não alcança. O suporte teórico-metodológico conta com: Le Goff (1990), Velho (1981), Rocha (2007), entre outros.
Palavras-chave: Avaliação. Aprendizagem. Ensino híbrido.
Challenges Faced By International Non – Governmental Organizations on Enhancement of Refugees Wellbeing in Dadaab Camp, Kenya
Authors: Mulwa Esther Ndewa , Simiyu Ruth , Odera Peter
Published: November 2021

Challenges faced by International non – governmental organizations (INGOs) on enhancement of refugees’ wellbeing were complex. Mostly refugees’ experiences were debilitating as they struggled with stigma due to mental health conditions, poor social networks due to discrimination faced in the host country, disorientation and insufficient language to communicate or initiate conversations. This study was guided by Trauma Theory and it employed descriptive research design. Both primary and secondary data were utilized in the study. Data collection utilized questionnaires, interviews, Focus group discussions and Observations checklist on accessibility and safety of INGOs’ interventions. Data was analysed by statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS 22). Data was presented in tables, bar graphs and pie charts. The findings of the study demonstrate that INGOs faced language barriers, financial barriers, lack of culturally responsive psychosocial interventions, insufficient security and long-term mental health conditions in enhancement of wellbeing of refugees in Dadaab camp. Most refugees reported their trauma occurrences to INGOs. The study concluded that cultural stereotypes, stigma, fear, Limited knowledge and information about mental healthcare, limited clinical competency and language barrier were major challenges faced by INGOs in enhancement of refugees’ wellbeing.
Detection and Genomic Characterization of Senecavirus from Indian Pigs
Authors: Maan Sushila , Batra Kanisht , Chaudhary Deepika , Punia Monika , Kadian Vijay , Joshi Vinay G. , Kumar Aman
Published: November 2021

Background: Senecavirus A (SVA), is a positive sense small non-enveloped RNA virus which belongs to Picornaviridae family and is responsible for porcine vesicular disease. The disease has been reported in many countries since late 2014, 2015 and 2016 like USA, Canada, Brazil, China and Thailand. Methods: In this study, the metagenomic study was performed on faecal samples of pigs/piglets suffering from diarrhea in Haryana, India with the help of next generation sequencing. The cDNA library was prepared from the faecal samples and run on the Illumina MiSeq instrument followed by identification and genomic characterization. Result: This study revealed the presence of SVA in the samples. The characterization of complete genome sequence of this strain showed complete nucleotide identity (100%) with SVA genomes reported from Canada, however, the polyprotein shares 98-99% amino acid sequence similarity with the genomes currently available in the GenBank. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of SVA infection in pigs/piglets of Haryana, India. It demonstrates that an active and urgent surveillance of the swine population is required in the region. Additionally, the veterinarians must pay immediate attention to this vesicular disease and adopt preventive measures for its control.
Humanitarian Projects Development from Universidad del Zulia SIGHT Affinity Group
Authors: Rodríguez Luis , Hernández Javier , Peres Javier , Viloria José , Sánchez Laura , Urdaneta Henry , González Douglimar , Mendoza Nardiz , Tello-Maita Josimar , Contreras Andry , Briceño Manuel , Guevara Claudia
Published: November 2021

This work aims to divulge the volunteering experiences within humanitarian projects development from Universidad del Zulia SIGHT affinity group in Venezuela. At first, “Una mano por tu Facultad” project carried out in 2019 is described, which had the active participation of volunteers from the RE-IEEE-LUZ student branch and the SIGHT-LUZ affinity group and resulted in the recovery of twenty-six (26) classrooms and four (4) laboratories of the Faculty of Engineering. Furthermore, a new project is underway in response to COVID-19, which is focused on a distance education system using funds approved by the Humanitarian Activities Committee (HAC) and the Special Interest Group on Humanitarian Technology (SIGHT) of the Institute of Engineers Electrical and Electronic (IEEE). This group has the objective of bringing technologies-based solutions to problems existing in local communities in the Zulia State, Venezuela.
Comprehensive Information Platform of COVID-19 in Costa Rica
Authors: Zuniga-Brenes Sebastian-Arturo
Published: November 2021

The availability of information locally and in an accessible way on active cases of COVID-19 is essential for the control of a pandemic because the population can be protected with greater accuracy and sensitivity. The Comprehensive Information Platform of COVID-19 in Costa Rica was created and was available during the first wave of COVID-19 and had a great impact on Costa Rican society and communities since approximately one million people received information from the Platform between July and December 2020.

Its construction specifically aimed at the different epidemiological moments of the country and the most relevant aspects of the Costa Rican agenda in the economic, social, and medical sector, made the platform fulfill the objective for which it was created since its instantaneous versatility made it adapt to the various moments of the pandemic in the country.

For the construction of this non-profit humanitarian project, we had the support of donations from Costa Rican civil society.