bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT QUALITY IN THE LENINGRAD REGION IN 2018—2021
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Gres Robert A. ,   Institute for Regional Economic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2023

Since 2019, the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation has annually assessed the quality of the urban environment in more than 1,114 cities. The paper takes the case of the Leningrad region to consider a number of hypotheses about the correspondence between the Urban Environment Quality Index (UEQI) values, the city’s remoteness from agglomeration centers, population changes and migration growth, absolute population and municipal budget expenditures. The use of cartographic and mathematical methods made it possible to conclude that there is no significant direct correlation between the values of the UEQI and the indicators previously specified. Spatial differentiation of cities according to the values of UEQI was revealed. The study has determined that the quality of living category is not limited to the category of quality of the urban environment, while any attempts to solve socio-economic problems in cities focused only on the improvement of the urban environment are clearly an oversimplification. This study, which is the first of this kind, engages all the cities of the Leningrad region.
Emerging Trends And Challenges In Science Education
Authors:   General Studies Education, Department School Of Education Emmanuel Alayande University Of Education, Oyo, Oyo State, Adesina Abiodun Ezekiel , Gabriel Elizabeth Tosin ,   General Studies Education, Department School Of Education Emmanuel Alayande University Of Education, Oyo, Oyo State
Published: July 2023

Science education has been recording dismal academic achievement, skills and attitudinal outcomes in Nigeria. The students, right from the basic education to the tertiary level lack 21st century skills of critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, communication, citizenship, self-regulation, time management, knowledge construction, problem solving, digital literacy skills and many other positive skills expedients for proper employability and entrepreneurship. The conventional, didactic, non-heuristic instructional strategy adopted in teaching science education in the country is already dated at the face of Covid-19 and post-Covid-19 pandemic. The National Science Teaching Association (NSTA, 2012, 2020) of America recommended the Next Generation Science Standard (NGSS) as the trending path to science education productivity through technology integration and reflective thinking. Cybernetics, constructivism and behaviorism theories buttressed the integrating of technology and reflective thinking in science education. Empirical findings equally justify teaching science technologically and with reflective thinking. There are challenges to technological integration in science education, the FUD factors (Fear, Uncertainties and Doubts) about the use of technology in science education, Inadequate ICTs policies and programmes, insufficient technological infrastructures, low ICTs skills and knowledge, poor attitudes to change (status quo sustenance), poor finance, poor management cum maintenance culture, and many other impinging challenges to effective technological integration in basic science education. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in ICTs infrastructural development in schools, adequate funding, training and re-training of science education teachers will allay major constraints to effective utilization of technology in basic science education for enhanced productivity.
Impacts of investor sentiment on stock price volatility on listed fims in Vietnam
Authors:   Banking Academy of Vietnam, Phạm Tiến Mạnh
Published: July 2023

This study uses data from 198 companies listed on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange in the period 2011-2021, to test whether or not investor sentiment in the market affects stock price movements. By using quantitative research methods such as OLS, FEM, REM, GLS, Hausman, Wald, Wooldridge; the research results show that investor sentiment for each individual stock, investor sentiment for the entire market have a positive and statistically significant impact on the volatility of listed stocks. In addition, profitability, revenue growth rate of enterprises also have a positive influence on stock price volatility, while CPI and GDP have an inverse relationship. This research contributes to the theoretical basis of investor psychology by indirect methods on how it influences on stock price movements.
What, if anything, is the Biodiversity Knowledge Hub?
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: July 2023

To much fanfare BiCIKL launched the “Biodiversity Knowledge Hub” (see Biodiversity Knowledge Hub is online!!!). This is advertised as a “game-changer in scientific research”. The snappy video in the launch tweet claims that the hub will it will help your research thanks to interlinked data… …and responds to complex queries with the services provided… Interlinked data, complex queries, this all sounds very impressive.
Manejo quirúrgico precóz de colecistécto laparoscópica en pacientes con Colecistitis aguda, atendidos en el hospital II Essalud Abancay-Apurímac, 2018-2019
Authors:   , Ocaña Velásquez Jhonatan
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Determinar del manejo quirúrgico precoz de colecistectomía laparoscópica en pacientes con colecistitis aguda atendidos en el Hospital II Essalud de Abancay-Apurímac 2018-2019 Metodología: En un estudio retrospectivo, se llegaron a revisar las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes con Colecistitis Aguda (CA) que tuvieron Colecistectomía Laparoscópica en el Hospital II EsSalud de Abancay entre 2018-2019. Las características demográficas, clínicas, procedimiento de colecistectomía laparoscópica y complicaciones postoperatoria fueron recopiladas en una ficha de datos. Se describen las características clínicas y complicaciones post-operatorias; así mismo, se realizaron las comparaciones en relación a Colecistectomía Laparoscópica precoz vs. Colecistectomía Laparoscópica programada. Resultados: se incluyeron en este estudio de 200 pacientes con colecistitis aguda que tuvieron colecistectomía laparoscópica; el 98,5% de los pacientes que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente no presenta algún tipo de complicación postoperatoria, siendo el dolor en hipocondrio derecho más frecuente con un 75%, en una edad con mayor frecuencia entre los 40-49 con un 50%, siendo más frecuente en el género femenino con un 50%. Conclusiones: nuestros resultados evidencian que al usar la colecistectomía laparoscópica en pacientes con colecistitis aguda, solo el 2% de los pacientes presentó complicaciones postquirúrgica. Todos estos resultados nos indican que la colecistectomía laparoscópica es una técnica recomendable para pacientes con colecistitis aguda.
Factores maternos relacionados a sepsis neonatal en recién nacidos a termino del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue 2019
Authors:   , Miranda Romero Shirley Stefanny
Published: July 2023

OBJETIVO: Determinar los factores maternos relacionado a sepsis neonatal en recién nacidos a término del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue 2019 MATERIALES Y METODOS: El presente estudio es correlacional, observacional, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. Se revisa 1277 historias clínicas en total de recién nacidos durante el periodo 2019 del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue; se obtiene una muestra de 169 recién nacidos con sepsis neonatal. Siendo su ficha de recolección de datos SPSS versión 25.0, se realiza la prueba Chi Cuadrado con un p< 0.05, IC al 95%. RESULTADOS: En el análisis inferencial bivariado se observa que la infección del tracto urinario materno constituye el principal factor de riesgo en la población de neonatos de manera que tiene una probabilidad de OR 6.714 veces mayor riesgo de tener sepsis neonatal con un p< 0.000 y un IC al 95% (3.73 – 13.773).La ruptura prematura de membrana también aparece como un factor de riesgo importante con una probabilidad de OR 4.405 veces riesgo de tener sepsis neonatal con un con un p< 0.000 y un I.C. al 95% (2.254 – 8.609). La corioamnionitis constituye el 3er. factor de riesgo de sepsis a término en la población de neonatos, con un OR de 3.3 con un I.C al 95% (1.147 – 9.709). La infección vaginal no resultó estadísticamente significativa para esta investigación. CONCLUSIONES: La infección de vías urinarias, la ruptura prematura de membranas y la corioamnionitis son factores maternos importantes en el desarrollo de la sepsis neonatal en recién nacidos a término del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue 2019.
A Model for Developing Soft Skills among Education Students towards Success as Teachers
Authors:   University of Eastern Africa, Baraton, Chepkwony Amon , Amimo Catherine , Role Elizabeth
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Kenya now has a growing number of private universities offering various degrees, including education. This suggests a large outflow of graduates into the highly competitive job market. In response, private universities have adopted the soft skills demanded by employers to give graduates an edge over other universities. Soft skills clearly increase employability in the labor market. The present study was conducted in four targeted Western private sponsored universities offering education program. Target population was education students and lectures. Concurrent mixed-methods research design was employed. Based on the findings and reviewed literature, a model of soft skills development was proposed for use. The study recommends that lecturers in Schools of education should use the model developed to develop soft skills among learners during teaching and learning process.
Đặc điểm lâm sàng y học cổ truyền của người dân hút thuốc lá tại phường 5, quận 10, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Trần Thái Hà , Tô Hùng Vinh
Published: July 2023

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng y học cổ truyền của người hút thuốc lá tại địa bàn phường 5, quận 10, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. 

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang từ tháng 4/2022 đến hết tháng 5/2022 trên 60 người dân từ 15 tuổi trở lên sinh sống tại phường 5 quận 10 có hút thuốc lá. 

Kết quả: Tuổi hút thuốc lá của dân số nghiên cứu chủ yếu ở độ tuổi 40 – 59 tuổi (52%), nam nhiều hơn nữ (95% so với 5%), hầu hết đều là lao động tự do và ngành nghề khác (37% và 23%), thời gian hút thuốc lá từ 11 – 30 năm chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất 48%. Thể chất đàm thấp 25%, khí hư 22%, âm hư 17%, khí uất 17%, huyết ứ 10%, dương hư 5%, thấp nhiệt 5%, dị ứng 3%, bình hòa 3%. Triệu chứng lâm sàng thường gặp nhất là mệt mỏi, hụt hơi, ăn kém (65%). 

Kết luận: Người hút thuốc lá thường là nam, từ 40 - 59 tuổi, hầu hết là lao động tự do, thời gian hút thuốc lá từ 11 – 30 năm, bệnh lý kèm theo thường là tăng huyết áp, rối loạn mỡ máu, bệnh mạch vành. Đặc điểm thể chất y học cổ truyền chủ yếu là các thể đàm thấp, khí hư, âm hư, khí uất. Triệu chứng y học cổ truyền thường gặp nhất là mệt mỏi, hụt hơi, ăn kém.
Technological Evolution of Ultrasound Devices: A Review
Authors: Nayak Gayathri , Bolla Vallidevi , Balivada Santosh K. , P.  Prabhudev
Published: July 2023

Numerous imaging technologies have been researched upon and applied in the field of medicine to enhance clinicians’ faculty for diagnosis of indispositions or diseases and the modalities include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray imaging, computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US). One imaging technique that is used to identify abnormalities in various body areas is the ultrasound. It is a non-invasive method that provides real-time imaging without radiation exposure. This article mainly focuses on ultrasonography and the various technological and equipment advancements over the years. It is more difficult to operate conventional ultrasound equipment due to its complex structure, which is large in size and takes up more space. For scanning different parts of the body, there are a variety of probes to choose from. The probes are selected based on the size and shape of the beam. Imaging can be performed in several modes, such as A mode, B mode, M mode, D mode, etc. Capacitive micro-machined ultrasound transducers (CMUTs) replace the traditional piezoelectric crystals in a transducer that produces ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonography has many applications in the diagnosis of various parts of the body, i.e., lungs, abdominal parts, heart, bladder, and so on. From the earliest ultrasound machines in the 1950s with patient immersion tanks to the hand held ultrasound devices in the late 2000s where images can be obtained on mobile screens, the evolution of this device over centuries has been phenomenal.
The TOR signaling pathway regulates vegetative development, aflatoxin biosynthesis and pathogenicity in Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Li Guoqi , Cao Xiaohong , Tumukunde Elisabeth , Zeng Qianhua , Wang Shihua
Published: July 2023

The target of the rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway is highly conserved and important in eukaryotes. It is involved in the regulation of various biological processes. However, systematic studies on this pathway in the genus
Aspergillus
have not been reported. Here, we identified and characterized nine genes encoding components of the TOR pathway in
A. flavus
, and investigated their biological, genetic and biochemical functions. The FK506-binding protein FKBP3 and its lysine succinylation are important for aflatoxin production and rapamycin resistance. The Tor kinase plays a central role in the global regulation of growth, spore production, aflatoxin biosynthesis and rapamycin stress. As a major downstream effector molecule of Tor kinase, the Sch9 kinase might regulate the calcium and osmotic stress, AFB
1
synthesis of
A. flavus
by its S_TKc, S_TK_X domains and ATP binding site at K340. We also showed that Sch9 kinase might mediate crosstalk between the TOR and the HOG signaling pathways. TapA and TipA, the other downstream components of Tor kinase, play important roles in regulating mycelial growth and sclerotia formation in
A. flavus
. The member of the TapA-phosphatase complexes Sit4 and Ppg1 are important for hyphal development, sexual reproduction, sclerotia formation, AFB
1
biosynthesis, activation of the CWI and TOR signaling pathways in
A. flavus.
In addition, the another phosphatase complex Nem1/Spo7 play critical role in vegetative growth, conidiation, aflatoxin and LD biogenesis. This study provide new insights into constructing the regulatory network of the TOR signaling pathway and revealing the molecular mechanism of the pathogenicity in
A. flavus
.
A fully automated approach involving neuroimaging and deep learning for Parkinson’s disease detection and severity prediction
Authors: Erdaş Çağatay Berke , Sümer Emre
Published: July 2023

Three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging has been proved to detect and predict the severity of progressive neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. The application of pre-processing with neuroimaging methods plays a vital role in post-processing for these problems. The development of technology over the years has enabled the use of deep learning methods such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) . In this study, the detection of Parkinson’s disease and the prediction of disease severity were studied with 2D and 3D CNN using T1-weighted MRIs that were pre-processed with FLIRT image registration and BET non-brain tissue scraper. For 2D CNN, the median slices of the MR images in the sagittal, coronal, and axial planes were used separately and in combination. In addition, the whole brain for 3D CNN has been downsized. Considering the performance of the proposed methods, the highest results achieved for detecting Parkinson’s disease were measured as 0.9620, 0.9452, 0.9407, and 0.9536 for Accuracy, F1 score, precision, and Recall, respectively. The highest result achieved for estimating the severity of Parkinson’s disease was that 3D CNN was fed three times with a downsized whole MRI, which were measured for R, and R2 as 0.9150 and 0.8372, respectively. When the results obtained with the methods suggested within the scope of the study were examined, it was observed that the applied methods yielded promising performance.
Difference in the recruitment of intrinsic foot muscles in the elderly under static and dynamic postural conditions
Authors: Lai Zhangqi , Wang Ruiyan , Zhou Bangguo , Chen Jing , Wang Lin
Published: July 2023

Background

The effect of foot, especially intrinsic muscles, on postural control and its related mechanisms remain unclear due to the complex structure. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the activation of intrinsic foot muscles in the elderly under static and dynamic postural tasks.

Methods

Twenty-one elderly participants were included to perform different postural tests (sensory organization test (SOT), motor control test (MCT), limit of stability test (LOS), and unilateral stance test) by a NeuroCom Balance Manager System. The participants were instructed to maintain postural stability under conditions with combined different sensory inputs (vision, vestibular, and proprioception) in SOT as well as conditions with translation disturbance in MCT, and to perform an active weight-shifting tasks in LOS. During these tasks, muscle activation were simultaneously acquired from intrinsic foot muscles (abductor halluces (AbH) and flexor digitorum brevis (FDB)) and ankle muscles (anterior tibialis, medial head of gastrocnemius, lateral head of gastrocnemius, and peroneus longus). The root-mean-square amplitude of these muscles in postural tasks was calculated and normalized with the EMG activity in unilateral stance task.

Results

The activation of intrinsic foot muscles significantly differed among different SOT tasks (p < 0.001). Post-hoc tests showed that compared with that under normal condition 1 without sensory interference, EMGs increased significantly under sensory disturbance (conditions 2–6). By contrast, compared with that under the single-sensory disturbed conditions (conditions 2–4; 2 for disturbed vision, 3 for disturbed vestibular sensation, 4 for disturbed proprioception), activation was significantly greater under the dual-sensory disturbed postural tasks (conditions 5 and 6; 5 for disturbed vision and proprioception, 6 for disturbed vestibular sensation and proprioception). In MCT, EMGs of foot muscles increased significantly under different translation speeds (p < 0.001). In LOS, moderate and significant correlations were found between muscle activations and postural stability parameters (AbH, r = 0. 355–0.636, p < 0.05; FDB, r = 0.336–0.622, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Intrinsic foot muscles play a complementary role to regulate postural stability when disturbances occur. In addition, the recruitment magnitude of intrinsic foot muscles is positively correlated with the limit of stability, indicating their contribution to increasing the limits of stability in the elderly.
Abnormal Glutamatergic and Serotonergic Connectivity in Visual Snow Syndrome and Migraine with Aura
Authors: Puledda Francesca , Dipasquale Ottavia , Gooddy Benjamin J. M. , Karsan Nazia , Bose Ray , Mehta Mitul A. , Williams Steven C. R. , Goadsby Peter J.
Published: July 2023

Objective

Neuropharmacological changes in visual snow syndrome (VSS) are poorly understood. We aimed to use receptor target maps combined with resting functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to identify which neurotransmitters might modulate brain circuits involved in VSS.

Methods

We used Receptor‐Enriched Analysis of Functional Connectivity by Targets (REACT) to estimate and compare the molecular‐enriched functional networks related to 5 neurotransmitter systems of patients with VSS (n = 24), healthy controls (HCs; n = 24), and migraine patients ([MIG], n = 25, 15 of whom had migraine with aura [MwA]). For REACT we used receptor density templates for the transporters of noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin, GABA‐A and NMDA receptors, as well as 5HT1B and 5HT2A receptors, and estimated the subject‐specific voxel‐wise maps of functional connectivity (FC). We then performed voxel‐wise comparisons of these maps among HCs, MIG, and VSS.

Results

Patients with VSS had reduced FC in glutamatergic networks localized in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) compared to HCs and patients with migraine, and reduced FC in serotoninergic networks localized in the insula, temporal pole, and orbitofrontal cortex compared to controls, similar to patients with migraine with aura. Patients with VSS also showed reduced FC in 5HT2A‐enriched networks, largely localized in occipito‐temporo‐parietal association cortices. As revealed by subgroup analyses, these changes were independent of, and analogous to, those found in patients with migraine with aura.

Interpretation

Our results show that glutamate and serotonin are involved in brain connectivity alterations in areas of the visual, salience, and limbic systems in VSS. Importantly, altered serotonergic connectivity is independent of migraine in VSS, and simultaneously comparable to that of migraine with aura, highlighting a shared biology between the disorders. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:873–884
From‐Neutral‐to‐Neutral Reductive Radical Coupling of Non‐Activated Alcohols and Styrenes
Authors: Suga Takuya , Miki Chinatsu , Ukaji Yutaka
Published: July 2023

A reductive radical coupling reaction between non‐activated aliphatic alcohols and styrenes has been discovered through the use of low‐valent Ti‐mediated C−O bond homolysis. A general application of styrene derivatives in radical coupling reactions remains a challenge in organic synthesis. The preliminary investigation revealed that the resulting benzyl radical intermediate behaves differently depending on minor steric differences around the spin center, which results in a lack of generality. The addition of 1,3,5‐trimethyl‐2,5‐cyclohexadiene uniformly hydrogenated the benzyl radicals irrespective of the steric environments of the attacking radicals. Under the optimal reaction conditions, all tertiary, secondary, and primary alcohols were applicable. In this study, alcohols were successfully used directly as radical sources and reacted with a large number of styrenes.
Bionic multifunctional fibrous materials for efficient oil/water separation
Authors: Guo Yuyan , Guo Zhiguang , Liu Weimin
Published: July 2023

Special wettability fibrous materials have received a lot of attention because of their good connectivity, mechanical flexibility, large specific surface area, and ease of shape manipulation. Their outstanding performance paves the way toward efficient oil/water separation in a variety of environments and for separation requirements. This paper discusses the distinct advantages, challenges, and future research directions of various substrates for fibrous materials, such as nonwoven natural biomass fibers, fabrics, electrospinning fibers, metallic fibers, and inorganic nonmetallic fibers. The special wettability fibrous filter materials and fibrous adsorbents are summarized based on the different separation methods. The principles of preparation of various special wettabilities are introduced, and the unique advantages of fibrous adsorbents are emphasized. The preparation strategy of fibrous filter materials is discussed, as well as some representative work and research progress. The benefits, drawbacks, and research directions in terms of various materials are examined. This article emphasizes the pollution resistance of fibrous filter materials and the elasticity of fibrous adsorbents. Finally, the prospects in terms of the problems, challenges, and future development of special wettability fibrous materials used in oil/water separation are discussed.
Characterizing planetary systems with SPIRou: M-dwarf planet-search survey and the multiplanet systems GJ 876 and GJ 1148
Authors: Moutou C. , Delfosse X. , Petit A. C. , Donati J.-F. , Artigau E. , Fouqué P. , Carmona A. , Ould-Elhkim M. , Arnold L. , Cook N. J. , Cadieux C. , Bellotti S. , Boisse I. , Bouchy F. , Charpentier P. , Cortés-Zuleta P. , Doyon R. , Hébrard G. , Martioli E. , Morin J. , Vandal T.
Published: July 2023

SPIRou is a near-infrared spectropolarimeter and a high-precision velocimeter. The SPIRou Legacy Survey collected data from February 2019 to June 2022, half of the time devoted to a blind search for exoplanets around nearby cool stars. The aim of this paper is to present this program and an overview of its properties, and to revisit the radial velocity (RV) data of two multiplanet systems, including new visits with SPIRou. From SPIRou data, we can extract precise RVs using efficient telluric correction and line-by-line measurement techniques, and we can reconstruct stellar magnetic fields from the collection of polarized spectra using the Zeeman-Doppler imaging method. The stellar sample of our blind search in the solar neighborhood, the observing strategy, the RV noise estimates, chromatic behavior, and current limitations of SPIRou RV measurements on bright M dwarfs are described. In addition, SPIRou data over a 2.5-yr time span allow us to revisit the known multiplanet systems GJ 876 and GJ 1148. For GJ 876, the new dynamical analysis including the four planets is consistent with previous models and confirms that this system is deep in the Laplace resonance and likely chaotic. The large-scale magnetic map of GJ 876 over two consecutive observing seasons is obtained and shows a dominant dipolar field with a polar strength of 30 G, which defines the magnetic environment in which the inner planet with a period of 1.94 days is embedded. For GJ 1148, we refine the known two-planet model.
Construction Grammar meets Hispanic linguistics
Authors: Hennecke Inga , Wiesinger Evelyn
Published: July 2023

This chapter offers an introduction to the topic and to the individual contributions of the present volume. First, it presents an evaluation of the general potential of combining (usage-based and cognitively oriented) Construction Grammar with Hispanic (and Romance) linguistics. Further, it aims at highlighting the innovative perspective of Construction Grammar(s) in comparison to more traditional approaches for the linguistic phenomena covered in this volume. The chapter concludes with a brief overview of the structure of the book as well as of the individual contributions.
Bard Versus the 2022 American Society of Plastic Surgeons In-Service Examination: Performance on the Examination in Its Intern Year
Authors: Najafali Daniel , Reiche Erik , Araya Sthefano , Camacho Justin M , Liu Farrah C , Johnstone Thomas , Patel Sameer A , Morrison Shane D , Dorafshar Amir H , Fox Paige M
Published: July 2023

Background

Bard is a conversational generative artificial intelligence (AI) platform released by Google (Mountain View, CA) to the public in May 2023.

Objectives

This study investigates the performance of Bard on the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) In-Service Examination to compare it to residents' performance nationally. We hypothesized that Bard would perform best on the comprehensive and core surgical principles portions of the examination.

Methods

Google's 2023 Bard was used to answer questions from the 2022 ASPS In-Service Examination. Each question was asked as written with the stem and multiple-choice options. The 2022 ASPS Norm Table was utilized to compare Bard's performance to that of subgroups of plastic surgery residents.

Results

A total of 231 questions were included. Bard answered 143 questions correctly corresponding to an accuracy of 62%. The highest-performing section was the comprehensive portion (73%). When compared with integrated residents nationally, Bard scored in the 74th percentile for post-graduate year (PGY)-1, 34th percentile for PGY-2, 20th percentile for PGY-3, 8th percentile for PGY-4, 1st percentile for PGY-5, and 2nd percentile for PGY-6.

Conclusions

Bard outperformed more than half of the first-year integrated residents (74th percentile). Its best sections were the comprehensive and core surgical principle portions of the examination. Further analysis of the chatbot's incorrect questions might help improve the overall quality of the examination's questions.
Aerosol–cloud interactions at the four candidate sites of the ANAtOLIA project
Authors: Cavazzani S , Bertolin C , Ortolani S , Giordano C , Descloitres J , Fiorentin P , Victori S , Gonzalez Ramos Y , Irbah A , Delanoe J , Berto F , Ziad A
Published: July 2023

ANAtOLIA (Atmospheric monitoring to Assess the availability of Optical Links through the Atmosphere) is a European Space Agency project aimed at selecting sites for optical communication in the atmosphere. The main monitored parameters are cloud cover, aerosol in relation to atmospheric turbulence aimed at monitoring and forecasting the influence of aerosol and cloud cover in reducing optical communication through the atmosphere in selected sites by ESA. In this work, a novel algorithm that uses both the Pearson correlation coefficient and Fourier analysis is used to assess such influences. Aerosol and cloud cover data are obtained from ground stations and satellite over Calern (France), Catania (Italy), Cebreros (Spain), and Lisbon (Portugal). The novel algorithm provides a preliminary long-, medium-, and short-term aerosol–cloud interaction for these four candidate sites, obtaining respectively the variability, the seasonal, and hourly trend of the aerosol concentration; the main medium-term periodicities of aerosols as clouds precursors; the short-term correlation between morning-afternoon aerosol concentration. The use of aerosols as a precursor parameter of cloud cover through a Fourier analysis, makes the algorithm versatile and usable for all sites of optical communication and astronomical importance in which optical transparency is a fundamental requirement, and therefore it is a potential tool to be developed to implement forecasting models.
13Psychoanalysis
Authors: Wynter-Vincent Naomi
Published: July 2023

This chapter reviews four important works of psychoanalytic scholarship published in 2022: Steven Jaron, Christopher Bollas: A Contemporary Introduction; Kate Daniels, Slow Fuse of the Possible: A Memoir of Poetry and Psychoanalysis; Joanna Kellond, Donald Winnicott and the Politics of Care; and Steven Groarke, The Feeling Intellect: An Essay on the Independent Tradition in British and American Psychoanalysis. Following a short introduction, the review is divided into four sections that treat each of the texts in turn: 1. The Unthought Known; 2. The Aesthetic Object; 3. The Politics of Care; 4. The Feeling Intellect.
Preoperative versus intraoperative antiemetic strategies in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Theodosopoulou Polyxeni , Staikou Chryssoula , Fassoulaki Argyro
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Previous studies have determined ondansetron's efficacy in preventing and treating postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). However, evidence regarding the timing of drug administration in relation to the surgical procedure remains vague.

OBJECTIVE

To compare the preoperative and intraoperative administration of ondansetron on the incidence of PONV.

DESIGN

Single-centred, randomised, double-blind trial. Patients were recruited between November 2018 and April 2021. Follow-up for PONV and retching was up to 24 h.

SETTING

Aretaieio University Hospital, Greece.

PATIENTS

A total of 121 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy gave written consent.

INTERVENTIONS

Patients were randomly allocated to the preoperative or the intraoperative group. The preoperative group received 4 mg of ondansetron dissolved in 100 ml of 0.9% saline 1 hour before induction of anaesthesia and 100 ml of 0.9% saline 30 min before end of surgery. The intraoperative group received 100 ml of 0.9% saline 1 h before induction of anaesthesia and 4 mg of ondansetron dissolved in 100 ml of 0.9% saline 30 min before end of surgery.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

The primary outcome was the incidence of nausea and/or vomiting combined at 24 h.

RESULTS

No difference was found between the two groups regarding either the incidence of nausea and vomiting at 24 h (1.7% for the preoperative group versus 5.3% for the intraoperative group, P = 0.31) or the incidence of nausea, vomiting and retching combined (5.3% for the preoperative group versus 10.5% for the intraoperative group, P = 0.30). There was no difference between the groups in the pain intensity at rest or with coughing in the post anaesthesia care unit, at 4, 8 and 24 h postoperatively (P = 0.961, 0.929, 0.748 and 0.883 at rest, and 0.974, 0.220, 0.235 and 0.317 with coughing, respectively).

CONCLUSION

Under the current study design, we found no difference in the incidence of PONV between the administration of ondansetron 1 h before induction of anaesthesia and the intraoperative administration of ondansetron 30 min before the end of surgery.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03023306
Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation and its relationship with serum homocysteine levels in patients with hypertension
Authors: Zhu Min , An Dewei , Zhang Jin , Tang Xiaofeng , Wang Yan , Zhu Dingliang
Published: July 2023

Background:

Homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and elevated plasma Hcy levels could aggravate vascular injury in hypertension. Hyperhomocysteinemia can change the methylation status of global DNA and specific genes. In the present study, we aim to examine the comprehensive influence of Hcy levels on DNA methylation status in patients with hypertension.

Methods:

Epigenome-wide methylation profiles of the peripheral leukocyte DNA of 218 patients with hypertension were analyzed using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip. Differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with serum Hcy levels were identified by mixed linear regression with the adjustment of potential confounders. Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis were conducted to determine the potential functions of the identified DMPs. The association between the methylation level of DMPs and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (Cf-PWV) was also analyzed.

Results:

Five DMPs at cg13169662, cg03179312, cg21976560, cg25262698, and cg09433843 showed significant association with serum Hcy levels (false discovery rate-corrected P < 0.05). An additional six CpG sites met the threshold for suggestive significance (P < 1 × 10−6), among which three DMPs (cg25781123, cg26463106, and cg06679221) were annotated to THUMPD3. Furthermore, the methylation levels of cg13169662 and cg25262698 (RPRD1A) were significantly associated with Cf-PWV.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that Hcy could induce DNA methylation alteration in patients with hypertension. Further functional research is warranted to elucidate the concrete role of DMPs in hypertension.
A multi-institutional assessment of eye lens dose in nuclear medicine clinics
Authors: Abuqbeitah Mohammad , Demir Mustafa , Işikci Nazenin Ipek , Kozanlilar Burcu , Kovan Bilal , Yeyin Nami , Fikret Çermik Tevik , Şanli Yasemin , Sönmezoğlu Kerim
Published: July 2023

Aim

The endeavor was to measure the lens dose of actively working staff in nuclear medicine departments.

Material and methods

This study was accomplished in three nuclear medicine sites. A total of 23 workers in nuclear medicine joined this work. Among them are 6 SPECT/ CT technologists, 6 PET/CT technologists, 3 PET/MRI technologists, 5 radiopharmacists, 2 physicists, and 1 physician. EXTDOSE Hp(3) OSL dosimeter with tissue equivalent beryllium-oxide crystal was used for lens dose measurement. All participants were asked to wear the lens dosimeter for 2 months as near to the eye level as possible.

Results

Pooling the dose measures together yielded an average lens dose of 1.48 ± 0.77 mSv for the radiopharmacy team, 1.44 ± 0.26 for PET/ CT technologists, 0.86 ± 0.45 mSv for SPECT/ CT technologists, 0.38 mSv for the sole physician administered 177Lu, and 0.45 ± 0.02 mSv for the physicists conducting 131I therapy. Moreover, normalizing the lens dose to the labeled activity led to a lens dose of 2.2 ± 1.4 µSv/GBq for the radiopharmacy team. Likewise, per administered activity: 23.8 ± 7.3 µSv/GBq for PET/CT and PET/MRI technologists, 12.2 ± 10.5 µSv/GBq 99mTc for SPECT/CT technologists, 6.0 ± 0.81 µSv/GBq 131I for physicists, and 3.0 µSv/GBq 177Lu for the physician.

Conclusion

It was deduced that the annual occupational lens dose of the nuclear medicine workers varied from 2.3 to 11.5 mSv/year; however, one radiopharmacist projected annual lens dose as close to the lens equivalent dose limit (20 mSv/year) as 17.9 mSv.
Automatic Detection of Perilunate and Lunate Dislocations on Wrist Radiographs Using Deep Learning
Authors: Pridgen Brian , von Rabenau Lisa , Luan Anna , Gu Angela J. , Wang David S. , Langlotz Curtis , Chang James , Do Bao
Published: July 2023

Delayed or missed diagnosis of perilunate or lunate dislocations can lead to significant morbidity. Advances in computer vision provide an opportunity to improve diagnostic performance. In this study, a deep learning algorithm was used for detection of perilunate and lunate dislocations on lateral wrist radiographs. A total of 435 lateral wrist radiographs were labeled as normal or pathologic (perilunate or lunate dislocation). The lunate in each radiograph was segmented with a rectangular bounding box. Images were partitioned into training and test sets. Two neural networks, consisting of an object detector followed by an image classifier, were applied in series. First, the object detection module was used to localize the lunate. Next, the image classifier performed a binary classification for normal or pathologic. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the overall system were evaluated. A receiver operating characteristic curve and the associated area under the curve were used to demonstrate the overall performance of the computer vision algorithm. The lunate object detector was 97.0% accurate at identifying the lunate. Accuracy was 98.7% among the subgroup of normal wrist radiographs and 91.3% among the subgroup of wrist radiographs with perilunate/lunate dislocations. The perilunate/lunate dislocation classifier had a sensitivity (recall) of 93.8%, a specificity of 93.3%, and an accuracy of 93.4%. The area under the curve was 0.986. The authors have developed a proof-of-concept computer vision system for diagnosis of perilunate/lunate dislocations on lateral wrist radiographs. This novel deep learning algorithm has potential to improve clinical sensitivity to ultimately prevent delayed or missed diagnosis of these injuries.
Disparities in Postmastectomy Reconstruction Use among American Indian and Alaska Native Women
Authors: White McKenzie J. , Prathibha Saranya , Praska Corinne , Ankeny Jacob S. , LaRocca Christopher J. , Owen Mary J. , Rao Madhuri , Tuttle Todd M. , Marmor Schelomo , Hui Jane Y. C.
Published: July 2023

Background:

American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) breast cancer patients undergo postmastectomy reconstruction (PMR) infrequently relative to non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients. Factors associated with low PMR rates among AI/AN women are poorly understood. The authors sought to describe factors associated with this disparity in surgical care.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study of the National Cancer Database (2004 to 2017) identified AI/AN and NHW women, aged 18 to 64, who underwent mastectomy for stage 0 to III breast cancer. Patient characteristics, annual PMR rates, and factors associated with PMR were described with univariable analysis, the Cochran-Armitage test, and multivariable logistical regression.

Results:

A total of 414,036 NHW and 1980 AI/AN women met inclusion criteria. Relative to NHW women, AI/AN women had more comorbidities (20% versus 12%; Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥ 1; P < 0.001), had nonprivate insurance (49% versus 20%; P < 0.001), and underwent unilateral mastectomy more frequently (69% versus 61%; P < 0.001). PMR rates increased over the study period, from 13% to 47% for AI/AN women and from 29% to 62% for NHW women (P < 0.001). AI/AN race was independently associated with decreased likelihood of PMR (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.69). Among AI/AN women, decreased likelihood of PMR was significantly associated with older age at diagnosis, more remote year of diagnosis, advanced disease (tumor size >5 cm, positive lymph nodes), unilateral mastectomy, nonprivate insurance, and lower educational attainment in patient’s area of residence.

Conclusions:

PMR rates among AI/AN women with stage 0 to III breast cancer have increased, yet they remain significantly lower than rates among NHW women. Further research should elicit AI/AN perspectives on PMR, and guide early breast cancer detection and treatment.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:

Risk, II.
Impact of moist wound dressing on wound healing time: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liang Zhengbo , Lai Ping , Zhang Jing , Lai Qing , He Lin
Published: July 2023

Among the assortment of available dressings aimed at promoting wound healing, moist dressings have gained significant popularity because of their ability to create an optimal environment for wound recovery. This meta‐analysis seeks to compare the effects of moist dressing versus gauze dressing on wound healing time. A comprehensive literature search was conducted, encompassing publications up until April 1, 2023, across multiple databases including PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Cochrane Library. Stringent criteria were used to determine study inclusion and evaluate methodological quality. Statistical analyses were performed utilizing Stata 17.0. A total of 13 articles, encompassing 866 participants, were included in the analysis. The findings indicate that moist dressing surpasses gauze dressing in terms of wound healing time (standard mean difference [SMD] −2.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] −3.35 to −1.66, p < 0.01; I2 = 97.24%), wound site infection rate (odds ratio [OR] 0.30, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.54, p < 0.01; I2 = 39.91%), dressing change times (SMD −3.65, 95% CI −5.34 to −1.97, p < 0.01; I2 = 96.48%), and cost (SMD −2.66, 95% CI −4.24 to −1.09, p < 0.01; I2 = 94.90%). Subgroup analyses revealed possible variations in wound healing time based on wound types and regions. This study underscores the significant advantages associated with the use of moist dressings, including expedited wound healing, reduced infection rates, decreased frequency of dressing changes, and lower overall treatment costs.
rol del investigador agropecuario en el marco de procesos de innovación agropecuaria: tensión entre prácticas reales e ideales
Authors: Tarantini Eduardo Santiago , Landini Fernando Pablo
Published: July 2023

Existen diferentes modelos teóricos sobre procesos de innovación, pero poco se ha estudiado sobre las prácticas reales de los investigadores en estos. Este trabajo describe el rol de los investigadores en la gestión de procesos de innovación, analizando tensiones entre prácticas reales e ideales. Se entrevistó a 15 investigadores del Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria en la región nordeste de Argentina. Los resultados muestran que, en las prácticas reales y en el rol ideal descripto por los entrevistados, coexisten modelos de innovación. Se destaca la importancia de generar espacios de reflexión que permitan repensar su rol a fin de potenciar los procesos de innovación.
Improving mental healthcare access and experience for people from minority ethnic groups: an England-wide multisite experience-based codesign (EBCD) study
Authors: Winsper Catherine , Bhattacharya Rahul , Bhui Kamaldeep , Currie Graeme , Edge Dawn , Ellard David R , Franklin Donna , Gill Paramjit S , Gilbert Steve , Miller Robin , Motala Zahra , Pinfold Vanessa , Sandhu Harbinder , Singh Swaran P , Weich Scott , Giacco Domenico
Published: July 2023

Background

Long-standing ethnic inequalities in access and mental healthcare were worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives

Stakeholders coproduced local and national implementation plans to improve mental healthcare for people from minority ethnic groups.

Methods

Experience-based codesign conducted in four areas covered by National Health Service (NHS) mental health trusts: Coventry and Warwickshire, Greater Manchester, East London and Sheffield. Data were analysed using an interpretivist–constructivist approach, seeking validation from participants on their priority actions and implementation plans. Service users (n=29), carers (n=9) and health professionals (n=33) took part in interviews; focus groups (service users, n=15; carers, n=8; health professionals, n=24); and codesign workshops (service users, n=15; carers, n=5; health professionals, n=21) from July 2021 to July 2022.

Findings

Each study site identified 2–3 local priority actions. Three were consistent across areas: (1) reaching out to communities and collaborating with third sector organisations; (2) diversifying the mental healthcare offer to provide culturally appropriate therapeutic approaches and (3) enabling open discussions about ethnicity, culture and racism. National priority actions included: (1) co-ordination of a national hub to bring about system level change and (2) recognition of the centrality of service users and communities in the design and provision of services.

Conclusions

Stakeholder-led implementation plans highlight that substantial change is needed to increase equity in mental healthcare in England.

Clinical implications

Working with people with lived experience in leadership roles, and collaborations between NHS and community organisations will be essential. Future research avenues include comparison of the benefits of culturally specific versus generic therapeutic interventions.
Supplementary Figure S3 from A Th1-like CD4+ T-cell Cluster That Predicts Disease-free Survival in Early-stage Lung Cancer
Authors: Yanagihara Akitoshi , Yamasaki Satoshi , Hashimoto Kosuke , Taguchi Ryo , Umesaki Tetsuya , Imai Hisao , Kaira Kyoichi , Nitanda Hiroyuki , Sakaguchi Hirozo , Ishida Hironori , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Horimoto Katsuhisa , Kagamu Hiroshi
Published: July 2023

Fig. S3. A: CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood collected before surgery were divided into four clusters according to CD62L and CD45RA expression and compared between no recurrence patients and recurrent patients: CD62LhighCD45RA+ naive, CD62LhighCD45RA- central memory (CM), CD62LlowCD45RA- effector memory (EM), and CD62LlowCD45RA+ effector memory with CD45RA expression (EMRA). B: Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to determine if CD8+ T-cell clusters had the ability to discriminate between relapsed and non-relapsed
patients. Then, Kaplan-Meier analysis of disease-free survival (DFS) was performed using the median value was used as a threshold because ROC analysis showed no significance. Significance was tested by log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained by log-rank test.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Metronomic Administration of Topotecan Alone and in Combination with Docetaxel Inhibits Epithelial–mesenchymal Transition in Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancers
Authors: Mitra Ghosh Taraswi , Mazumder Suman , Davis Joshua , Yadav Jyoti , Akinpelu Ayuba , Alnaim Ahmed , Kumar Harish , Waliagha Razan , Church Bird Allison E. , Rais-Bahrami Soroush , Bird R. Curtis , Mistriotis Panagiotis , Mishra Amarjit , Yates Clayton C. , Mitra Amit K. , Arnold Robert D.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Fig. 3 shows Differentially Expressed Gene Signatures (DEGs) based on next-gene sequencing (mRNA sequencing) for ARLow/mCRPC/NEPC (PC-3DU145), ARLow/mCSPC/NEPC taxane resistant (DUTXR and PC-3TXR) PCa cell lines. IPA predicted key pathways based on DEGs between Taxane resistant and sensitivity. Fig. 3A. Differentially expressed gene Signature was identified among DEGs for ARLow/mCRPC/NEPC (PC-3DU145), ARLow/mCSPC/NEPC taxane-resistant (DUTXR and PC-3TXR) PCa cell lines. Venn diagrams represent unique and common DEGs for ARLow/mCRPC/NEPC (PC-3, DU145), and ARLow/mCSPC/NEPCtaxane-resistant (DUTXR and PC-3TXR) cell lines. Fig. 3B. IPA predicted key pathways based on DEGs between Taxane resistant and sensitivity. Cluster 2 (IPA predicted activation of PPARA), Cluster 4 (ERK/MAPK signaling, MSP-RON Signaling, upregulation of FOXM1, ESR1, CEBPB, XBP1, and NPM1), Cluster 6 (ATM signaling, and MYC).