bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging Two–Dimensional Intercalation Pseudocapacitive Electrodes for Supercapacitors
Authors: Panchu Sarojini Jeeva , Raju Kumar , Swart Hendrik C.
Published: April 2024

The growing need for efficient energy storage has spurred advancements in supercapacitors (SCs), aiming to offer high power and energy density simultaneously. While SCs offer longer cycles and higher power density values, their low energy densities limit practical applications. In response, pseudocapacitive materials have emerged, leveraging reversible Faradaic reactions at or near the surface for enhanced energy storage. This approach surpasses the constraints of the electrical double layer in SCs and the mass transfer constraints of batteries. Progress in asymmetric supercapacitors and high mass loading has improved energy density values, yet maintaining high mass loading without compromising power density remains a hurdle. Advancements in pseudocapacitance through intercalation during charging/discharging processes, especially in layered structures like graphite, graphene, transition metal oxides (TMOs) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MXenes, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have proven significant. The intercalated species induce reversible or irreversible structural changes, contributing to the physicochemical characteristics of the electrode materials. Exploring the intercalation mechanism in bulk two‐dimensional (2D) materials reveals distinct differences that enhance our understanding and improve electrochemical properties for superior energy storage. Finally, an in‐depth exploration of the intercalation pseudocapacitance in 2D materials such as TMDCs and MXenes underscores their significance, setting a benchmark for future electrochemical studies in the subsequent advancement of SCs research.
Work, life, and volunteering: Managing demands across the triple domains by young adults
Authors: Senarathne Tennakoon K. L. Uthpala , Symbalisty Gabrielle
Published: April 2024

Addressing a long‐standing gap in the work‐life literature in identifying across‐domain implications of volunteering, this paper examines how individuals manage cross‐domain demands of work, life, and volunteering using twenty in‐depth interviews with young adults from Canada. Results revealed six distinct motivators for volunteering along the intrinsic‐extrinsic motivation spectrum, and the strategies adopted in managing the demands across the triple domains. Six categories align with the volunteer functional inventory (VFI), validating VFI and linking the functional analysis to motivation spectrum. The manuscript significantly adds to theory and practice by introducing the Matrix of Motivators and Resource Investment (MMRI), which identifies different volunteer types with the drivers for volunteering and resource prioritization. The study also highlights practical implications and future research directions.
Blockchain‐cloud integration: Comprehensive survey and open research issues
Authors: Ghanmi Houaida , Hajlaoui Nasreddine , Touati Haifa , Hadded Mohamed , Muhlethaler Paul , Boudjit Saadi
Published: April 2024

Cloud computing has attracted great interest in various scientific and technical fields recently as one of the widely adopted networking technologies. Despite their many benefits and applications, it still faces many security and trust challenges, including managing and controlling services, privacy, data integrity in distributed databases, data backup, and synchronization. Moreover, due to its centralized architecture, and lack of transparency and traceability, the results of the trust assessment cannot be fully recognized by all users. However, creating a trust‐based transaction environment has become its key factor. Blockchain, with its nature of decentralization and security, can be leveraged to address these challenges and build a distributed and decentralized trust architecture, due to the underlying characteristics such as transparency, traceability, decentralization, security, immutability, and automation. This article makes a comprehensive study of how blockchain is applied to deliver security services in the cloud computing model, focusing on up‐to‐date approaches, opportunities, and future directions. This survey also discusses the benefits of the technical fusion of blockchain and cloud. It provides a classification of proposed systems based on privacy, data sharing, authentication, and access control, as well as auditing and data integrity. Finally, the main conclusions of this study will be the challenges and future directions to stimulate further research in this promising field.
Perceived Hospital Preparedness Is Negatively Associated With Pandemic‐Induced Psychological Vulnerability in Primary Care Employees: A Multicentre Cross‐Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Corradi‐Dell'Acqua Corrado , Horisberger Garance , Caillet‐Bois David , Toraldo Alessio , Christ Michael , Santa Vincent Della , Frochaux Vincent , Mols Pierre , Penaloza Andrea , Rezzonico Sara , Tagliabue Luca , Hugli Olivier
Published: April 2024

Objective

The COVID‐19 pandemic had a profound negative impact on the psychological wellbeing of healthcare providers (HPs), but little is known about the factors that positively predict mental health of primary care staff during these dire situations.

Methods

We conducted an online questionnaire survey among 702 emergency department workers across 10 hospitals in Switzerland and Belgium following the first COVID‐19 wave in 2020, to explore their psychological vulnerability, perceived concerns, self‐reported impact and level of pandemic workplace preparedness. Participants included physicians, nurses, psychologists and nondirect care employees (administrative staff). We tested for predictors of psychological vulnerability through both an exploratory cross‐correlation with rigorous correction for multiple comparisons and model‐based path modelling.

Results

Findings showed that the self‐reported impact of COVID‐19 at work, concerns about contracting COVID‐19 at work, and a lack of personal protective equipment were strong positive predictors of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress, and low Resilience. Instead, knowledge of the degree of preparedness of the hospital/department, especially in the presence of a predetermined contingency plan for an epidemic and training sessions about protective measures, showed the opposite effect, and were associated with lower psychological vulnerability. All effects were confirmed after accounting for confounding factors related to gender, age, geographical location and the role played by HPs in the hospital/department.

Conclusions

Difficult working conditions during the pandemic had a major impact on the psychological wellbeing of emergency department HPs, but this effect might have been lessened if they had been informed about adequate measures for minimizing the risk of exposure.
Treatment Gap in Mental Health Care for Victims of Road Traffic Accidents
Authors: Boelen Paul A. , Eisma Maarten C. , de Keijser Jos , Lenferink Lonneke I. M.
Published: April 2024

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are among the most frequent negative life‐events. About one in five RTA survivors is susceptible to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Knowledge about needs for, and usage of, mental health services (MHSs) may improve options for care for RTA victims. The current study aimed to assess rates of victims using different MHSs, including psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and support groups, and to explore correlates of needs for and use of these MHSs. Further, we aimed to estimate the treatment gap in post‐RTA care, defined as including people with probable PTSD who did not use MHSs and people wanting but not getting help from MHSs. Dutch victims of nonlethal RTAs (N = 259) completed self‐report measures on needs for and use of MHSs and PTSD. Results showed that 26% of participants had utilized care from psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy or support groups. Among people with probable PTSD, this was 56%. Increased posttraumatic stress was the strongest correlate of MHS use. Forty‐eight participants (17.8%) had an unmet care need and represented the treatment gap. Commonly reported reasons and barriers preventing MHS use were perceptions that problems were limited or would disappear without care and financial worries. Regarding possible future care, participants reported a preference for face‐to‐face (over online) help from a psychologist (over other professionals). The treatment gap for Dutch RTA victims may be limited. However, a significant number of RTA victims need care but do not obtain this care. Care options may be improved by reducing practical barriers to MHSs and increasing mental health literacy and acceptability of different forms of care (besides face‐to‐face care).
Enhancing energy‐efficient sleep scheduling for Narrowband Internet of Things devices in coordinated 5G networks within smart environments
Authors: Hema L. K. , Raj Regilan Soosai , J. Jenitha
Published: April 2024

This research project takes on a crucial role in the quickly changing field of integrated 5G networks inside smart environments by concentrating on the creation of an extremely effective sleep scheduling system designed especially for Narrowband Internet of Things (NB‐IoT) devices. This work introduces a unique method for precisely controlling the nodes' sleep schedules through the use of convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture, which optimizes both energy usage and operating patterns. The principal goal still stands to guarantee the extended lifetime of operation and dependability of NB‐IoT devices in the larger framework of intelligent ecosystems driven by synchronized 5G networks. To achieve its objectives, the research explores a number of complex domains and employs cutting‐edge technologies and techniques, such as CNN‐based pattern recognition. This method's real‐time component is essential since it allows for prompt modifications to sleep schedules in order to optimize energy savings. Further boosting the devices' effectiveness and flexibility is continuous contact with a central server, which guarantees that the devices are updated with the most recent data and instructions. Essentially, the main objective of this study is to greatly increase the energy economy and operational lifetime of NB‐IoT devices, which will allow for stable and long‐lasting IoT deployments in the context of 5G networks in intelligent settings. This advancement is not only a boon for businesses and industries leveraging IoT technology but also a substantial step toward building smarter, more energy‐efficient, and resilient smart ecosystems that benefit society as a whole.
Association of plasma GFAP with elevated brain amyloid is dependent on severity of white matter lesions in an Asian cognitively impaired cohort
Authors: Chong Joyce R. , Chai Yuek Ling , Yam Amelia T. Y. , Hilal Saima , Vrooman Henri , Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Ashton Nicholas J. , Chen Christopher P. , Lai Mitchell K. P.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION

While elevated blood glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has been associated with brain amyloid pathology, whether this association occurs in populations with high cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) concomitance remains unclear.

METHODS

Using a Singapore‐based cohort of cognitively impaired subjects, we assessed associations between plasma GFAP and neuroimaging measures of brain amyloid and CSVD, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We also examined the diagnostic performance of plasma GFAP in detecting brain amyloid beta positivity (Aβ+).

RESULTS

When stratified by WMH status, elevated brain amyloid was associated with higher plasma GFAP only in the WMH– group (β = 0.383; P < 0.001). The diagnostic performance of plasma GFAP in identifying Aβ+ was significantly higher in the WMH– group (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.896) than in the WMH+ group (AUC = 0.712, P = 0.008).

DISCUSSION

The biomarker utility of plasma GFAP in detecting brain amyloid pathology is dependent on the severity of concomitant WMH.

Highlight

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)’s association with brain amyloid is unclear in populations with high cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).

Plasma GFAP was measured in a cohort with CSVD and brain amyloid.

Plasma GFAP was better in detecting amyloid in patients with low CSVD versus high CSVD.

Biomarker utility of GFAP in detecting brain amyloid depends on the severity of CSVD.
5 questions with: Carrie Phillips of University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Authors: Talarico Donna
Published: April 2024

Carrie Phillips is the Chief Communications and ­Marketing Officer at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Phillips has a Doctorate of Education from Texas Tech University. Prior to her role at UA Little Rock, she spent more than a decade in marketing at Arkansas Tech University. Active in the industry and in her community, Carrie also serves on various boards and committees, including the Council for Advancement & Support of Education (CASE), American Marketing Association, Higher Education Web Professionals, and the Boy Scouts of America. She's a frequent speaker on the higher ed conference circuit.
FERPA and transcript disclosures
Authors: Rainsberger Richard
Published: April 2024

Just as we finished discussing the role of coaches as school officials and their sometimes unique experiences related to FERPA disclosures, a registrar recently asked me for my opinion on a situation involving a coach. Although I had not planned a segue to transcript disclosures involving a coach, it seemed like a good pretext to introduce a common type of disclosure of education records.
Racquel Oden: From HBCU to Chair of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund
Authors: Arnett Autumn A.
Published: April 2024

Racquel Oden assumed the role of board chair of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund at the start of the new year, becoming the first female chair of the ­woman‐founded organization's board of directors.
Observations and computational multi‐phase modelling in tropical river settings show complex channel changes downstream from rainfall‐triggered landslides
Authors: Panici Diego , Bennett Georgina L. , Boothroyd Richard J. , Abancó Clàudia , Williams Richard D. , Tan Fibor , Matera Mark
Published: April 2024

Alluvial river channels respond to changes in sediment supply by adjusting their geometry. Landslide sediment delivery and geomorphic response of river channels during floods are poorly understood and rarely examined in tropical settings. We investigate the impact of landslides on channel geomorphic changes during an extreme typhoon‐induced flood event in the Philippines, specifically the complex geomorphic response of the Antamok River to Typhoon Mangkhut in September 2018, which triggered >500 landslides in the Ambalanga catchment. The catchment has a legacy of anthropogenic modifications, such as extensive small‐scale (artisanal) mining and tailings storage facilities (TSFs) from large‐scale mining activities.

We use a novel mix of mapping and computational modelling approaches to test the hypothesis that landslide sediment delivery is a major control on channel geomorphic change. Pre‐ and post‐event imagery show that the overall active channel area increased by 35.9% and the mean active channel width increased by 9.1 m. Spatially, we find no clear relationship between landslide sediment input or unit stream power and channel width geomorphic change, with longitudinal changes in active channel width complicated by TSFs. Multi‐phase modelling using r.avaflow revealed how landslide sediment delivery and TSFs interacted with the flow to generate the observed patterns of channel change. The model simulated channel incision in the upper parts of the catchment (up to 0.78 m) and deposition in the TSFs (up to 1.73 m).

Our findings demonstrate that well‐established methods (e.g., stream power threshold) fail to fully explain channel width geomorphic changes, particularly for anthropogenically altered catchments. Integrating techniques, such as landslide mapping and multi‐phase computational modelling improves understanding of sediment supply's role in channel width change during extreme events. Numerical simulations also demonstrate that conventional assumptions of increased erosion and deposition with rising flow discharge are inaccurate with large sediment input, highlighting instead the effectiveness of multi‐phase models.
A modified forcing approach in the Rothman–Keller method for simulations of flow phenomena at low capillary numbers
Authors: Sudha Anand , Rohde Martin
Published: April 2024

The lattice‐Boltzmann method (LBM) is becoming increasingly popular for simulating multi‐phase flows on the microscale because of its advantages in terms of computational efficiency. Many applications of the method are restricted to relatively simple geometries. When a more complex geometry is considered—circular and inclined microchannels—some important physical phenomena may not be accurately captured, especially at low capillary numbers. A Y‐Y micro‐fluidic channel, widely used for a range of applications, is an example of a more complex geometry. This work aims to capture the various flow phenomena, with an emphasis on parallel flow and leakage, using the Rothman–Keller (RK) model of the LBM. To this purpose, we modify the forcing term to implement the surface tension for use at low capillary numbers. We compare the simulation results of the RK model with and without the force modification with experiments, Volume of Fluid and the phase field method and observe that the modified forcing term is an improvement over the current RK model at low capillary numbers, and it also captures parallel flow and leakage more accurately than the other simulation techniques.
Field experience with the 8‐HPV‐type oncoprotein test for cervical cancer screening among HPV‐positive women living with and without HIV in LMICs
Authors: Downham Laura , Rol Mary Luz , Forestier Mathilde , Romero Pilar , Mendoza Laura , Mongelós Pamela , Picconi María Alejandra , Colucci María Celeste , Padin Valeria Mariel , Flores Ana Paula , Zúñiga Michael , Ferrera Annabelle , Cabrera Yessy , Crispín Marcela Farfan , Ramirez Arianis Tatiana , Cele Londiwe , Diop‐Ndiaye Halimatou , Samaté Dianke , Manga Pascaline , Thiam Fadimatou Bintou , Rodriguez Maria Isabel , DSouza Jyoshma P. , Nyaga Victoria Nyawira , Diop Mamadou , Sebitloane Motshedisi , Sánchez Gloria Inés , Teran Carolina , Calderon Alejandro , Wiesner Carolina , Murillo Raul , Herrero Rolando , Baena Armando , Almonte Maribel
Published: April 2024

Overexpression of HPV‐oncoproteins E6 and E7 is necessary for HPV‐driven cervical carcinogenesis. Hence, these oncoproteins are promising disease‐specific biomarkers. We assessed the technical and operational characteristics of the 8‐HPV‐type OncoE6/E7 Cervical Test in different laboratories using cervical samples from HPV‐positive women living with (WLWH) and without HIV. The 8‐HPV‐type OncoE6/E7 Test (for short: “OncoE6/E7 test”) was performed in 2833 HIV‐negative women and 241 WLWH attending multicentric studies in Latin America (ESTAMPA study), and in Africa (CESTA study). Oncoprotein positivity were evaluated at each testing site, according to HIV status as well as type‐specific agreement with HPV‐DNA results. A feedback questionnaire was given to the operators performing the oncoprotein test to evaluate their impression and acceptability regarding the test. The OncoE6/E7 test revealed a high positivity rate heterogeneity across all testing sites (I2: 95.8%, p < .01) with significant lower positivity in WLWH compared to HIV‐negative women (12% vs 25%, p < .01). A similar HPV‐type distribution was found between HPV DNA genotyping and oncoprotein testing except for HPV31 and 33 (moderate agreement, k = 0.57). Twenty‐one laboratory technicians were trained on oncoprotein testing. Despite operators' concerns about the time‐consuming procedure and perceived need for moderate laboratory experience, they reported the OncoE6/E7 test as easy to perform and user‐friendly for deployment in resource‐limited settings. The high positivity rate variability found across studies and subjectivity in test outcome interpretation could potentially results in oncoprotein false positive/negative, and thus the need for further refinements before implementation of the oncoprotein testing in screen‐triage‐and‐treat approaches is warranted.
Application of high‐performance liquid chromatography‐solid phase extraction‐nuclear magnetic resonance in the identification of bioactive constituents from Hyptis spicigera leaf and H. brevipes aerial part
Authors: Hsu Fu‐Chun , Tsai Sheng‐Fa , Lin Yi‐Li , Hsieh Tsung‐Hsin , Chang Chia‐Chuan , Lee Shoei‐Sheng
Published: April 2024

Two Hyptis plants endemic to Taiwan, H. rhomboides and H. suaveolens, contained xanthine oxidase inhibitors. To chemically investigate more herbs of the same genus, this study aimed to explore bioactive constituents from Hyptis spicigera leaf and the aerial part of H. brevipes, which would also enrich the chemotaxonomic basis for the Hyptis plants. The EtOH extract of the plant materials was fractionated by liquid‐liquid partitioning, followed by separation over various chromatography. High‐performance liquid chromatography‐solid phase extraction‐nuclear magnetic resonance hyphenation, a sustainable and environmentally friendly instrument, was applied to accelerate the chemical investigation of each subfraction. Eighteen isolates from Hyptis spicigera leaf and 14 compounds from H. brevipes aerial part were characterized. Of these, 12 compounds are rosmarinic acid derivatives, of which 9′‐O‐methyl melitrate A (10) and sagecoumarin methyl ester (22) are tentatively identified as new compounds. In total, 25 compounds were separated and characterized from Hyptis spicigera leaf and H. brevipes aerial part. Of these, seven of them (2–4, 11, 12, 18, 20) are in common between these two species, and 17 isolates (2–4, 8‐14, 22, 23, and 26‐30) are phenylpropanoids which are commonly distributed in the Labiatae family.
Osterix‐driven LINC complex disruption in vivo diminishes osteogenesis at 8 weeks but not at 15 weeks
Authors: Birks Scott , Howard Sean , O'Rourke Caroline , Thompson William R. , Lau Anthony , Uzer Gunes
Published: April 2024

The Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is a crucial connective component between the nuclear envelope and the cytoskeleton involving various cellular processes including nuclear positioning, nuclear architecture, and mechanotransduction. How LINC complexes regulate bone formation in vivo, however, is not well understood. To start bridging this gap, here we created a LINC disruption murine model using transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase enzyme under the control of the Osterix (Osx‐Cre) which is primarily active in pre‐osteoblasts and floxed Tg(CAG‐LacZ/EGFP‐KASH2) mice. Tg(CAG‐LacZ/EGFP‐KASH2) mice contain a lox‐STOP‐lox flanked LacZ gene which is deleted upon cre recombination allowing for the overexpression of an EGFP‐KASH2 fusion protein. This overexpressed protein disrupts endogenous Nesprin‐Sun binding leading to disruption of LINC complexes. Thus, crossing these two lines results in an 
Osx‐
driven 
LINC 
disruption (ODLD) specific to pre‐osteoblasts. In this study, we investigated how this LINC disruption affects exercise‐induced bone accrual. ODLD cells had decreased osteogenic and adipogenic potential in vitro compared to non‐disrupted controls and sedentary ODLD mice showed decreased bone quality at 8 weeks. Upon access to a voluntary running wheel, ODLD animals showed increased running time and distance; however, our 6‐week exercise intervention did not significantly affect bone microarchitecture and bone mechanical properties.
Evaluation of Efficiency of Weighted Average of Stability and Mean Performance Estimated by Linear Mixed Models for Identifying High‐Yielding Lentil Genotypes Adapted to Rainfed Regions
Authors: Shobeiri Seyedeh Soudabeh , Pezeshkpour Payam , Naseri Bita
Published: April 2024

A combination of the two methods of stability analysis, the additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP), based on weighted average of stability (WAASB) estimated by the linear mixed models (LMM) index identified the improved genotypes. In this study, 17 advanced genotypes of lentil were studied at two locations, Zanjan and Maragheh, during the two seasons. To examine the genotype × environment interaction, the AMMI and BLUP methods using the WAASB and weighted average of mean performance (WAASBY) index were combined to evaluate the performance stability of genotypes according to different experimental plots. Considering the significant genotype × environment interaction based on likelihood ratio test (LRT), data were analyzed by the BLUP method. The highest grain yield was detected for genotype 13, followed by genotypes 7, 11, 20, 5, 12, and 19 with higher productivity than the grand mean. To select genotypes according to yield and stability, the WAASBY index was defined by combining mean grain yield and stability. Considering 50:50 contributions for the two components, the grain yield and stability of the 13 genotypes were higher than the grand mean. The highest WAASBY was observed for genotypes 7, 20, and 12, which were determined as the best genotypes of lentil under agroecological conditions encountered in the current study regions.
Development and validation of a point‐of‐care nursing mobile tool to guide the diagnosis of malnutrition in hospitalized adult patients: a multicenter, prospective cohort study
Authors: Lin Nan , Zhou Xueyan , Chen Weichang , He Chengyuan , Wang Xiaoxuan , Wei Yuhao , Long Zhiwen , Shen Tao , Zhong Lingyu , Yang Chan , Dai Tingting , Zhang Hao , Shi Hubing , Ma Xuelei
Published: April 2024

Malnutrition is a prevalent and severe issue in hospitalized patients with chronic diseases. However, malnutrition screening is often overlooked or inaccurate due to lack of awareness and experience among health care providers. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel digital smartphone‐based self‐administered tool that uses facial features, especially the ocular area, as indicators of malnutrition in inpatient patients with chronic diseases. Facial photographs and malnutrition screening scales were collected from 619 patients in four different hospitals. A machine learning model based on back propagation neural network was trained, validated, and tested using these data. The model showed a significant correlation (p < 0.05) and a high accuracy (area under the curve 0.834–0.927) in different patient groups. The point‐of‐care mobile tool can be used to screen malnutrition with good accuracy and accessibility, showing its potential for screening malnutrition in patients with chronic diseases.
A novel stability equation for the estimation of the factor of safety for homogeneous dry finite slopes
Authors: Sampa Naloan Coutinho , Schorr Joshua
Published: April 2024

This paper introduces a novel closed‐form equation (surrogate model) for approximating the Morgenstern–Price estimate of the factor of safety of homogeneous dry finite slopes with circular failure surfaces. Unlike typically used methods, the proposed equation does not require the definition of a critical failure surface, splitting the soil mass into slices, or the iterative reduction of soil resistance to the limit state. It can be easily programmed into calculators or computers and accurately determines the minimum factor of safety based on the shear strength parameters and slope geometry—meaning that it is ideally suited for integration into reliability calculations. The equation is determined parametrically for various soil parameters and slope geometry using the Morgenstern–Price method and compares favorably with conventional techniques, such as slope stability charts, limit equilibrium, and strength reduction methods (SRM). From a practical perspective, the proposed equation greatly simplifies the analysis of the slope stability as the creation of a numerical model is not required and is suited to use in the feasibility stage of a project, for example, for large linear infrastructure projects with differing slope geometries or in situations where a quick assessment is desired.
Registration of ‘Top Shelf’ barley: The first glycosidic nitrile‐null, winter malting cultivar to be released in North America
Authors: Morrissy Campbell P. , Filichkin Tanya , Fisk Scott P. , Helgerson Laura , Hayes Patrick M.
Published: April 2024

‘Top Shelf’ (Reg. no. CV‐380, PI 704478), experimental designation DH162310, is a two‐row winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) released by Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station in 2023. It is a malting cultivar that is known to be a non‐producer of glycosidic nitrile (GN0). GN0 is the precursor to a regulated compound (ethyl carbamate) in distilled spirits and thus, the GN0 trait is becoming a requisite for malting cultivars geared toward distilling. While GN0 spring cultivars have been available for over 20 years, Top Shelf is the first winter GN0 cultivar to be released in North America, and only the second globally. In addition to its GN0 status it exceeds contemporary agronomic and malt quality expectations. Over 5 years of field trials in Oregon it performed equal to or better than the check entries. It shows high yields, plump grains, and test weights. It also has good resistance to scald (caused by Rhynchosporium commune) and preliminary data suggest resistance to barley stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei). Results were confirmed in field trials in southern Idaho, a major malting barley production region, and a target environment for this cultivar. Under standard malting protocols Top Shelf meets the guidelines for malt and all‐malt and/or grain distilling, and has high extract, enzymatic activity, and free amino nitrogen. When malted under optimized conditions, mimicking commercial distilling malt production, it produced even better results. As one of only a handful of GN0 cultivars available in the United States with potential for mainstream production, Top Shelf provides an important option for the distilling supply chain.
Differential expression of N‐glycopeptides derived from serum glycoproteins in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients
Authors: Gutierrez Reyes Cristian D. , Atashi Mojgan , Fowowe Mojibola , Onigbinde Sherifdeen , Daramola Oluwatosin , Lubman David M. , Mechref Yehia
Published: April 2024

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an early stage of memory loss that affects cognitive abilities with the aging of individuals, such as language or visual/spatial comprehension. MCI is considered a prodromal phase of more complicated neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and better understanding of the disease prognosis will facilitate prevention of neurodegeneration. However, the existing diagnostic methods fail to provide precise and well‐timed diagnoses, and the pathophysiology of MCI is not fully understood. Alterations of the serum N‐glycoproteome expression could represent an essential contributor to the overall pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and be used as a potential marker to assess MCI diagnosis using less invasive procedures. In this approach, we identified N‐glycopeptides with different expressions between healthy and MCI patients from serum glycoproteins. Seven of the N‐glycopeptides showed outstanding AUC values, among them the antithrombin‐III Asn224 + 4‐5‐0‐2 with an AUC value of 1.00 and a p value of 0.0004. According to proteomics and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), our data is in line with recent publications, and the glycoproteins carrying the identified N‐sites play an important role in neurodegeneration.
Crosslinking of polyethylene with polysilsesquioxane via carbamate linkages: Synthesis, shape recovery, and reprocessing properties
Authors: Hu Jiawei , Gao Yuan , Hang Guohua , Wang Huaming , Zhang Tao , Zheng Sixun
Published: April 2024

In this contribution, we reported the crosslinking of polyethylene (PE) with dynamic silyl ether bonds. First, polycyclooctene copolymers bearing hydroxyl groups were synthesized via the ring‐opening metathesis copolymerization of cyclooctene with 5‐norbornene‐2‐methanol. The hydroxy‐functionalized polycyclooctene copolymers were further hydrogenated into the corresponding hydroxy‐functionalized PE copolymers. The PE copolymers were allowed to react with 3‐isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane to obtain the PE copolymers bearing triethoxysilane groups. By taking advantage of hydrolysis and condensation of triethoxysilane groups grafted onto PE chains, the PE copolymers were well crosslinked; polysilsesquioxane (PSSQ) segments behaved as the crosslinking linkages in the networks. Notably, the PE networks were reprocessable (or recyclable) while zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate [Zn(OTf)2] was incorporated. The reprocessing properties of the PE networks were quite dependent on the crosslinking densities. The reprocessing behavior of the networks is attributable to the introduction of two dynamic chemistries: (i) the metathesis of silyl ether bonds which was catalyzed with Zn(OTf)2 and (ii) transcarbamoylation of carbamates which was catalyzed with dibutyltin dilaurate. Owing to the crosslinking, the PE networks displayed excellent shape memory properties. For the shape memory networks, notably, the original shapes can be reprogrammed with the aid of the exchange of the dynamic covalent bonds introduced into the systems.
Utilization of Eco‐friendly Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Iron Oxide Nanorods in Dye Removal from Real Textile Industry Effluent
Authors: Rather Mohd Yousuf , Sundarapandian Somaiah
Published: April 2024

Textile industry wastewater contaminated with dye effluents poses a significant environmental challenge. Numerous nanoparticles are used as adsorbents to treat similarly stimulated wastewater, but particularly nanomaterials synthesized through green methods have gained prominence. To assess their practical applicability in addressing real‐world textile wastewater pollution, studies on dye removal from authentic textile industrial effluents are recommended. As a result, a study focused on the removal of dye from real textile industrial effluent is conducted, and biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles and iron oxide nanorods are chosen as adsorbents. The investigation scrutinized the influence of adsorbent dosage, adsorbent‐adsorbate contact time, and wastewater pH on the percentage of dye adsorption. These findings indicate that increasing the adsorbent dosage and contact time leads to a higher percentage of dye removal. Notably, copper oxide nanoparticles exhibit superior dye removal efficiency at pH levels 5 and 7, outperforming the maximum dye removal efficiency of iron oxide nanorods at pH 12. The study achieved an impressive process efficiency of 95.24% for copper oxide nanoparticles and 62.5% for iron oxide nanorods. Response surface methodology (RSM) is employed for statistical data analysis and optimization of dye removal process parameters to maximize efficiency. Overall, the results demonstrate that biosynthesized nanomaterials offer a promising and effective solution for removing dyes from textile industrial wastewater.
Celastrol enhances the viability of random‐pattern skin flaps by regulating autophagy through the AMPK‐mTOR‐TFEB axis
Authors: Gu Mingbao , Li Chenchao , Deng Qingyu , Chen Ximiao , Lei Rui
Published: April 2024

In reconstructive and plastic surgery, random‐pattern skin flaps (RPSF) are often used to correct defects. However, their clinical usefulness is limited due to their susceptibility to necrosis, especially on the distal side of the RPSF. This study validates the protective effect of celastrol (CEL) on flap viability and explores in terms of underlying mechanisms of action. The viability of different groups of RPSF was evaluated by survival zone analysis, laser doppler blood flow, and histological analysis. The effects of CEL on flap angiogenesis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy were evaluated by Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence assays. Finally, its mechanistic aspects were explored by autophagy inhibitor and Adenosine 5′‐monophosphate (AMP)‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor. On the seventh day after surgery, the survival area size, blood supply, and microvessel count of RPSF were augmented following the administration of CEL. Additionally, CEL stimulated angiogenesis, suppressed apoptosis, and lowered oxidative stress levels immediately after elevated autophagy in ischemic regions; These effects can be reversed using the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). Specifically, CQ has been observed to counteract the protective impact of CEL on the RPSF. Moreover, it has also been discovered that CEL triggers the AMPK‐mTOR‐TFEB axis activation in the area affected by ischemia. In CEL‐treated skin flaps, AMPK inhibitors were demonstrated to suppress the AMPK‐mTOR‐TFEB axis and reduce autophagy levels. This investigation suggests that CEL benefits the survival of RPSF by augmenting angiogenesis and impeding oxidative stress and apoptosis. The results are credited to increased autophagy, made possible by the AMPK‐mTOR‐TFEB axis activation.
Seeking Languagelessness: Maker Literacies Mindsets to Disrupt Normative Practices
Authors: Rowsell Jennifer , Keune Anna , Buxton Alison , Peppler Kylie
Published: April 2024

This article challenges an over‐reliance on language as the primary means to communicate knowledge by adopting a languagelessness approach to maker pedagogies and maker literacies. Having conducted makerspace and design‐based research for some time, we separately and together noticed a productive relationship between wordless relational makerspace and making moments focused on craft, tools, technologies, and materials, and ways that an absence of verbal and written communication opens possibilities within learning environments. After meetings and discussions, we co‐wrote the article to examine ways that language‐light, even language‐free pedagogical spaces allow for a different quality of design work that motivates and fosters innovation. There are three international research projects that serve as research vignettes to investigate the efficacy of languagelessness. The theory foregrounded to anchor and interpret the three vignettes draws from maker literacies research and sociomaterial orientations to knowledge development.
An intelligent load balancing algorithm for 5G‐satellite networks
Authors: Bello Mobolanle , Pillai Prashant , Sadiq Ali Safaa
Published: April 2024

Cellular networks are projected to deal with an immense rise in data traffic, as well as an enormous and diverse device, plus advanced use cases, in the nearest future; hence, future 5G networks are being developed to consist of not only 5G but also different radio access technologies (RATs) integrated. In addition to 5G, the user's device (UD) will be able to connect to the network via LTE, WiMAX, WiFi, Satellite and other technologies. On the other hand, Satellite has been suggested as a preferred network to support 5G use cases. However, achieving load balancing is essential to guarantee an equal amount of traffic distributed between different RATs in a heterogeneous wireless network; this would enable optimal utilisation of the radio resources and lower the likelihood of call blocking/dropping. This study presented an artificial intelligent‐based application in heterogeneous wireless networks and proposed an enhanced particle optimisation (EPSO) algorithm to solve the load balancing problem in 5G‐Satellite networks. The algorithm uses a call admission control strategy to admit users into the network to ensure that users are evenly distributed on the network. The proposed algorithm was compared with the Artificial Bee Colony and Simulated Annealing algorithm using three performance metrics: throughput, call blocking and fairness. Finally, based on the experimental findings, results outcomes were analysed and discussed.
Geographical indication, agricultural development and the alleviation of rural relative poverty
Authors: Zhang Sihui , Sun Yong , Wang Yalin , Lin Xiaoxi
Published: April 2024

Sustainable development is the power source to promote rural economic and social prosperity and the necessary guarantee for rural revitalization, while rural relative poverty alleviation is the inherent requirement for promoting sustainable development and realizing rural revitalization. The pro‐agricultural attribute of geographical indication determines that it can be an important tool to alleviate rural relative poverty. This study analyzes the relationship between geographical indication and rural relative poverty alleviation, as well as the mediating role of agricultural industry agglomeration and the moderating role of agricultural scale operation. We use global Moran's I and spatial Durbin models to achieve these objectives, using panel data from 218 cities in China spanning from 2008 to 2019. The results show that: (1) During the study period, relative poverty in China exhibits a distinct pattern of contiguous distribution, and there has been a significant reduction in the number of areas with high levels. Notable progress has been made in alleviating relative poverty in the central, northeastern, and southern regions of China. (2) Geographical indication can alleviate rural relative poverty not only within its region but also in neighboring regions. (3) Geographical indication can alleviate rural relative poverty through agricultural industry agglomeration, and agricultural scale operation can strengthen the relative poverty alleviation effect of geographical indication. This paper enriches the study of relative poverty alleviation mechanisms and reveals how geographical indications can help. The results can provide useful insights for poverty alleviation in poor areas through geographical indication and a new practice path for rural revitalization.
Toward an economic anthropology of wisdom
Authors: Millar Kathleen M.
Published: April 2024

This article examines two values that have long motivated work in economic anthropology: the value of denunciatory critique and the value of thinking otherwise. Through a retrospective analysis of research that I have conducted on consumer debt in Brazil, I offer two different versions of that research based on whether the story is driven by the first value of denunciation or by the second of thinking otherwise. In doing so, I suggest ways to address the limitations of both anthropology focused on denunciatory critique and the more recent development of an “anthropology of the good” by outlining what I call an anthropology of wisdom.
Sanctified suffering and the common good: Translocal health care provisioning in smalltown Senegal
Authors: Burgen Benjamin R. , Marten Meredith G.
Published: April 2024

Senegal has long relied on local communities to expand health services and improve health outcomes for citizens and is internationally lauded for its effectiveness in promoting good health and facilitating local trust. Here we examine how community health care emerges in Keur Toma, a rural Wolof town in the Senegal River Valley that relies on a global network of labor migrants to fuel its remittance‐based economy. Largely through its hometown association and the migrant men abroad who fund it, Keur Toma has built and sustained the local health infrastructure and staffing essential to achieving health care accessibility, providing consistent investment and critical stop‐gap funding when government assistance falters. Following Robbins's call for investigating “an anthropology of the good,” we highlight the deeply rooted sense of care and obligation to kin and community that fosters the translocal ties that make Keur Toma's health care possible in the state's absence. We highlight what Ngom calls “sanctified suffering”—which valorizes personal fortitude and the ability to endure hardships for family and community, shaped by traditions of solidarity, mutual aid, and Islamic morality—and its role in migrants' hometown commitments to building stronger communities.
Scaling Supercapacitive Swing Adsorption of CO2 Using Bipolar Electrode Stacks
Authors: Li Jiajie , Bilal Muhammad , Landskron Kai
Published: April 2024

Supercapacitive swing adsorption (SSA) modules with bipolar stacks having 2, 4, 8, and 12 electrode pairs made from BPL 4 × 6 activated carbon are constructed and tested for carbon dioxide capture applications. Tests are performed with simulated flue gas (15%CO2 /85%N2) at 2, 4, 8, and 12 V, respectively. Reversible adsorption with sorption capacities (≈58 mmol kg−1) and adsorption rates (≈38 µmol kg−1 s−1) are measured for all stacks. The productivity scales with the number of cells in the module, and increases from 70 to 390 mmol h−1 m−2. The energy efficiency and energy consumption improve with increasing number of bipolar electrodes from 67% to 84%, and 142 to 60 kJ mol−1, respectively. Overall, the results show that SSA modules with bipolar electrodes can be scaled without reducing the adsorptive performance, and with improvement of energetic performance.
Monodispersed Renewable Particles by Cascade and Density Gradient Size Fractionation to Advance Lignin Nanotechnologies
Authors: Chen Jingqian , Tian Jing , Feng Nianjie , Ning Like , Wang Dong , Zhao Bin , Guo Tianyu , Song Junlong , Rojas Orlando J.
Published: April 2024

Control over particle size and shape heterogeneity is highly relevant to the design of photonic coatings and supracolloidal assemblies. Most developments in the area have relied on mineral and petroleum‐derived polymers that achieve well‐defined chemical and dimensional characteristics. Unfortunately, it is challenging to attain such control when considering renewable nanoparticles. Herein, a pathway toward selectable biobased particle size and physicochemical profiles is proposed. Specifically, lignin is fractionated, a widely available heterogeneous polymer that can be dissolved in aqueous solution, to obtain a variety of monodispersed particle fractions. A two‐stage cascade and density gradient centrifugation that relieves the need for solvent pre‐extraction or other pretreatments but achieves particle bins of uniform size (~60 to 860 nm and polydispersity, PDI<0.06, dynamic light scattering) along with characteristic surface chemical features is introduced. It is found that the properties and associated colloidal behavior of the particles are suitably classified in distinctive size populations, namely, i) nanoscale (50–100 nm), ii) photonic (100–300 nm) and iii) near‐micron (300–1000 nm). The strong correlation that exists between size and physicochemical characteristics (molar mass, surface charge, bonding and functional groups, among others) is introduced as a powerful pathway to identify nanotechnological uses that benefit from the functionality and cost‐effectiveness of biogenic particles.