bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional PEG-grafted chitosan copolymer possessing amino and carboxyl (or formyl) groups
Authors: Liu Chengbin , Wu Yulin , Wang Xiaojian , Hu Zhang , Luo Shenglian
Published: April 2010

New multifunctional PEG-grafted chitosan copolymers possessing both amino and carboxyl (4) or formyl (5) groups were synthesized by the grafting reaction method between chitosan and heterobifunctional PEG from anionic polymerization of ethylene oxide. Completion of the reactions and characterization of the resulting polymers were demonstrated by 1H NMR, FT-IR and GPC studies. The multifunctional polymers may have potential utility in gene/drug co-delivery or heterogeneous catalysis.
Female reproductive characteristics of the Balkan wall lizard (Podarcis taurica) in the northwestern periphery of its range
Authors: Ljubisavljević Katarina , Džukić Georg , Kalezić Miloš
Published: April 2010

We present data on the female reproductive traits of the Balkan wall lizard in the Deliblato Sand, a large continental sandland in the Pannonian area in the northwestern periphery of the species range. The clutch and egg characteristics of the population were investigated on the basis of clutches laid in laboratory conditions by gravid females captured in one locality. Balkan wall lizards produced at least two clutches in a breeding season. Individual females laid clutches of commonly two (range 1–4) eggs. The female body size had no effect on clutch and egg size. There was no trade-off between egg size and clutch size.
Soil CO2 flux affected by Aporrectodea caliginosa earthworms
Authors: Šimek Miloslav , Pižl Václav
Published: April 2010

The effects of Aporrectodea caliginosa earthworms on both carbon dioxide (CO2) accumulation in and emissions from soil, as well as the simultaneous impact of earthworms on soil microbiological properties were investigated in a microcosm experiment carried out over 5.5 months. Concentration of CO2 in soil air was greater at a depth of 15 cm when compared with a depth of 5 cm, but varied during the season both in control and earthworm-inhabited chambers. Peaks of CO2 concentrations at both depths occurred in both treatments during August, approximately 80 days after the experiment started. Generally, the presence of earthworms increased the CO2 concentration at 15-cm depth. Larger CO2 emissions were consistently recorded in conjunction with higher amounts of CO2 in soil air when chambers were inhabited by earthworms. The total CO2 emissions during the experimental period covering 161 days were estimated at 118 g CO2-C m−2 and 99 g CO2-C m−2 from chambers with and without earthworms respectively. Moreover, the presence of earthworms increased microbial biomass in the centre and at the bottom of chambers, and enhanced both dehydrogenase activity and nitrifying enzyme activity in the soils. We suggest that the effect of earthworms on both the enhanced soil accumulation of CO2 as well as emissions of CO2 was mostly indirect, due to the impacts of earthworms on soil microbial community.
Pulmonary complications related to heroin overdose and some changes in immune reactivity
Authors: Radenkova-Saeva Julia , Kostadinova Rositza , Michova Antoaneta , Petrunov Bogdan
Published: April 2010

To examine the clinical spectrum of complications in pulmonary system and changes of some parameters of humoral and cell mediated immunity related to heroin overdose. The study includes 16 patients who are long-term heroin abusers with acute heroin and mixed with other psychoactive drugs intoxications with an average age of 21,5 ± 5.04 years (12 men and 4 woman). All patients were hospitalized in the Clinic of Toxicology, MHATEM “N.I.Pirogov”, Sofia. We have used clinical, clinico-laboratory, immunological, chimicotoxicological, instrumental methods. In severe intoxications with heroin and other psychoactive drugs, we observed pulmonary system complications, i.e. pneumonia, aspiration of gastric contents, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS.). Of the 16 patients in our study, 3 patients died due to complications. Some changes in the immune reactivity observed in the study were (1) statistically significant lower mean levels of IgG and (2) tendency to lower mean levels of IgA, IgM and complement components — C3 in the studied patients in comparison with the values in healthy people. The changes were more demonstrative in the group with pulmonary complications compared to the group without pulmonary complications. We observed that the CD4 lymphocytes were significantly less in the studied patients; in addition, a lower level of CD56-bearing lymphocytes (natural killer /NK/ cells) was observed in comparison to healthy controls. The results show that the mixture of acute heroin with other psychoactive drugs leads to complications in the pulmonary system and changes of some parameters of cell-mediated and humoral immunity.
Combined treatment and survival of medullary thyroid carcinoma patients
Authors: Baranauskas Zenonas , Valuckas Konstantinas , Smailyte Giedre
Published: April 2010

The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of combined treatment (thyroidectomy and radiotherapy and radioactive iodine treatment) on patients’ long-term survival with medullary thyroid carcinoma. This is a retrospective study of 59 patients treated from 1977 to 2006 for medullary carcinoma at the Institute of Oncology in Vilnius, Lithuania. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to explore the association of prognostic factors with long-term survival. The survival of MTC patients was 88.0% (95% CI 68.0–88.9), 67.9% (95% CI 52.3–79.4) and 60.5% (95% CI 43.2–74.0), respectively, 5, 10 and 15 years after diagnosis. In survival analysis, only the type of surgery and lymph node involvement were found to be significant prognostic factors. The results of this study suggest that treatment with radioiodine and external beam radiotherapy do not improve significantly the long-term survival of surgically treated MTC patients.
Exploratory Epidemiological Study on Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Infection and Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome in the Czech Republic
Authors: Ficek Radek , Pšikal Ivan , Fictum Petr , Bendová Jindřiška , Kosinová Eva , Smítalová Radka , Škorič Miša
Published: April 2010

The objective of our study was to diagnose the postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and to determine the prevalence of the disease in 33 swine herds in the Czech Republic using the results of laboratory examinations of 100 pigs expressing the signs of wasting at the end of 2007. Microscopic lesions associated with the presence of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) antigen were detected in the lymph nodes from 39 of 100 diseased pigs (39%). Based on individual assessment of severity of microscopic lymphoid lesions associated with high amounts of PCV2 antigen, PMWS was confirmed in 4 out of 39 pigs originating from 3 of 33 herds (9%). The epidemiological study indicates that PCV2 infections associated with PMWS disease are only sporadically present in the Czech Republic. Subsequently used real time PCR technique confirmed the relation between PMWS status at the individual pig level and PCV2 DNA concentration. PCV2 DNA load in lymph nodes of PMWS-affected pigs were about 3 logs higher than the levels detected in the PMWS-nonaffected group (P < 0.05). Other parallel viral infections (PRRSV, PPV) were detected by real time PCR techniques in 21 out of 39 PCV2 infected pigs (54%). The results of serological examination of blood samples collected during the necropsy of 100 pigs are suggestive of great prevalence of PCV2 infections in pig herds; nevertheless serum samples collected from individual pigs at a single point in time had a low diagnostic value.
Adaptation of Microstix®-Candida Slide-test for Diagnosis of Bovine Mastitis Due to Anascogenic Yeasts
Authors: Dudko Przemysław , Kostro Krzysztof , Kurpisz Maciej
Published: April 2010

Although a large diversity of mastitis-causing bacteria (150 species, subspecies or biovars) have been documented, an adequate and simple mycological screening for yeast-related mastitis has not been developed. Since yeast incubation normally lasts longer than the majority of bacteriological ones, usually a treatment is administered before the results of microbial cultures are obtained. Therefore, a simple test has been needed for detection of yeast-related mastitis, the results of which can be read in parallel to bacteriological screening. Application of Microstix®-Candida assay was first checked for its specificity in standard Candida albicans (Oxford strain) cultures (phase I) and then in the other 36 strains of yeasts isolated from clinical mastitis cases during field investigations (second phase). Next, a test was implemented for identification of pathogens in 9 cohorts (1,200 cows) from red-white Polish- Friesian breed in which the dynamics of mastitis were traced by bacteriological and mycological assays along year-long observations. The data obtained showed that apart from frequent infections (~50-70%) proved by using pure microbial cultures, also mixed (bacterial-fungal) infections (0-25%) appeared as well as negative sieves (in the range of 0-45%). Mycological assays revealed a significant fraction of mixed infections during both lactation and the dry period. Strepto-staphylococcal infection was thus identified, however, its proportion strongly decreased after the introduction of antibiotics (after sensitivity to microbial agents was determined). Microbial monitoring was improved in these herds by parallel application of bacteriological and mycological (particularly Microstix®- Candida) tests. Microstix®-assay appears to be useful for mycological diagnosis in field conditions of infected (mastitis) herds. Its advantages include easy performance and short incubation time that is only 24 h at 37 °C (72-96 h at room temperature). This allowed demonstrating the cow’s udder yeast infection simultaneously with the first reading of bacterial cultures. Its specificity was confirmed against standard Candida Oxford strain, and sensitivity (100%) was confirmed in mycological cultures (36 strains) and biochemical assays.
Modulation of Biochemical and Haematological Indices of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) Exposed to Toxic Cyanobacterial Water Bloom
Authors: Kopp Radovan , Palíková Miroslava , Navrátil Stanislav , Kubíček Zdenek , Ziková Andrea , Mareš Jan
Published: April 2010

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of toxic cyanobacterial water bloom on the blood indices of two-year-old silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrixVal.). Experimental fish (336 ± 32 mm length, 365 ± 112 g weight) were exposed to a natural population of cyanobacterial water bloom (mainlyMicrocystis aeruginosaandM. ichthyoblabe) that contained microcystins (total concentration 133–284 μg g-1(DW), concentration in water 2.8–7.4 μg l-1). Haematological indices showed marked changes in fish exposed to the cyanobacterial population compared to the control group. Statistical evaluation of the influence of cyanobacterial water bloom on biochemical and haematological indices of silver carp showed a distinct decrease of albumin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, glucose, total protein, creatinine, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphorus, iron, cholinesterase, haemoglobin, haematocrit, erythrocyte and leukocyte compared to the control. Values of alanine aminotransferase were significantly increased compared to the control. After exposure to the cyanobacterial water bloom, the silver carp were kept in pure water for monitoring the persistence of biochemical and haematological indices. Influence of the cyanobacterial population on values of albumin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, total protein, glucose, creatinine, phosphorus, iron, cholinesterase, erythrocyte and haematocrit persisted up to 28 days after the end of exposure. Duration of exposure, toxicity and density of cyanobacterial water bloom had an important impact on individual biochemical and haematological indices.
A Comparison of Disease Assessment Methods for Southern Stem Rot of Peanut
Authors: Rideout S. L. , Brenneman T. B. , Stevenson K. L.
Published: April 2010

Southern stem rot (caused by the soilborne fungus Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) traditionally has been assessed based on the percentage of infected 30.5-cm row segments, commonly referred to as disease incidence. Several alternative disease assessment methods were evaluated in four fungicide trials during the growing season (aboveground ratings) and immediately after peanut inversion (belowground ratings). Pearson's correlation coefficients compared disease assessments and yields for all trials. Across all disease assessment methods, belowground assessments at inversion showed a stronger correlation with yield than in-season aboveground assessments. Several of the alternative assessment methods showed a stronger negative correlation with yield than did the traditional disease incidence rating. However, none of the alternative methods were consistently more precise across all assessment dates and trials. There was a significant positive correlation between many of the alternative methods and the traditional disease incidence method. Furthermore, none of the alternative methods was better than the traditional method for detecting differences among fungicide treatments when subjected to ANOVA and subsequent Waller-Duncan mean separation tests (k-ratio = 100). Based on comparisons of the time required to assess disease intensity, the traditional disease assessment method was found to be the most time efficient method of those tested in this study.
A Solvent-Free Synthesis of 1,2,4,5-Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles Using Molecular Iodine as Catalyst
Authors: Ren Yi-Ming , Cai Chun
Published: April 2010

An efficient method for the synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles by three-component condensation of benzil, benzonitrile derivatives and primary amines under solvent-free conditions using molecular iodine as catalyst is described with high product yields. The significant features of the iodine-catalysed condensation are operational simplicity, inexpensive reagents, high yield of products and use of non-toxic reagents.
Synthesis of Benzonaphtho[1,4]Diazepine Derivatives via the Reaction of 2-Aminoarylbenzimidamides with 2,3-Dichloro-1,4-Naphthoquinone
Authors: El-Shaieb Kamal M.
Published: April 2010

A series of (Z)-13-(arylimino)-12,13-dihydro-5H-benzo[e]naphtho[2,3-b][1,4]diazepine-6,11-dione derivatives have been synthesised by one pot cyclisation in good yield via electron donor–acceptor complexes by reacting 2-aminoarylbenzimidamides with 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone. The high yield and simplified workup procedure in addition to the mild and neutral reaction conditions are the main advantages of this approach.
Oxidative Esterification of Aldehydes with Alcohols and Phenols in Air
Authors: Cheng Shuanghua , Chen Jiuxi , Gao Wenxia , Jin Huile , Ding Jinchang , Wu Huayue
Published: April 2010

Nucleophilic carbene-catalysed oxidative esterification of aldehydes with alcohols and phenols without additional oxidant under an air atmosphere has been achieved, which provides a metal-free new methodology for the oxidative esterification of aldehydes.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Molecular Clip from Diphenylglycoluril and Phthalhydrazide
Authors: Sheng-Li Hu , Zhi-Guo Wang , Wen-Bing Sun
Published: April 2010

A novel molecular clip from diphenylglycoluril and phthalhydrazide has been synthesised. Its structure and conformation was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
Acid Catalysed Reaction of Estrones with Neopentyl Glycol under Forced Conditions
Authors: Oliveira Cristina , Morais Goreti Ribeiro , Imai Masao , Inohae Eiko , Yamamoto Chishou , Mataka Shuntaro , Thiemann Thies
Published: April 2010

Upon reaction with an excess of 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diol (neopentyl glycol) under acid catalysis, estrones form 17-O-[2′,2′-dimethyl-2′-(5″,5″-dimethyl-1″,3″-dioxanyl)ethyl] substituted estra-3, 17β-diols. The reaction represents a formal reduction of a keto function under acidic conditions in the absence of a metal.
A Novel Stereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted 1,3-Dienes by a Hydrostannylation-Stille Tandem Reaction of Alkylarylacetylenes with Alkenyl Halides
Authors: Zhang Hean , Yu Yan , Hao Wenyan , Cai Mingzhong
Published: April 2010

Trisubstituted 1,3-dienes can be stereoselectively synthesised in one pot under mild conditions, in good yields, by the hydrostannylation of alkylarylacetylenes, followed by the Stille cross-coupling with alkenyl halides.
N,N-Dimethylformamide-Promoted Reaction of Isocyanides and Barbituric acids: An Easy Synthesis of 5-[(Alkyl or Arylamino)Methylene]Barbituric Acids
Authors: Teimouri Mohammad Bagher , Tayyebi Ahmad
Published: April 2010

N,N-dimethylformamide promoted the reaction of alkyl or arylisocyanides with barbituric acid derivatives which led to 5-[(alkyl or arylamino)methylene]barbituric acids in good yields at room temperature. The workup of reactions was very simple and the crude products were sufficiently pure to be used without further purification. This procedure provides an alternative method for the synthesis of aminomethylenebarbituric acids.
Cerebral Metastases from Malignant Melanoma: Current Treatment Strategies, Advances in Novel Therapeutics and Future Directions
Authors: Siu Timothy L. , Huang Suyun
Published: April 2010

Of all primary cancers in humans, melanoma has the highest propensity to metastasize to the brain. The prognosis of patients with this disease is extremely poor. Due to its radioresistance and poor response to existing chemotherapeutic regimes, no treatment options other than surgical extirpation, when feasible, have been shown to be effective. An understanding of the underlying tumor biology therefore remains the cornerstone of offering new hope in the treatment. In this review, we comment on the current treatment strategies for melanoma brain metastases and summarize some recent experimental findings from our laboratory with potential for the development of target specific antitumor therapies.
6,7,8,10-Tetra-O-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetradeoxy-α-D-gluco-dec-5-ulopyranosyl 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzyl-α-D-glucopyranoside
Authors: Yamanoi Takashi , Inoue Ryo , Oda Yoshiki , Hamasaki Keita
Published: April 2010

The title compound 1 was synthesized by the coupling reaction of 6,7,8,10-tetra-O-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetradeoxy-α-D-gluco-dec-5-ulopyranose (2) with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose (3) in the presence of 5 mol% bismuth(III) triflate in dichloromethane at 0 °C.
Low-Thermal-Conductivity (MS)1+x(TiS2)2 (M = Pb, Bi, Sn) Misfit Layer Compounds for Bulk Thermoelectric Materials
Authors: Wan Chunlei , Wang Yifeng , Wang Ning , Koumoto Kunihito
Published: April 2010

A series of (MS)1+x(TiS2)2 (M = Pb, Bi, Sn) misfit layer compounds are proposed as bulk thermoelectric materials. They are composed of alternating rock-salt-type MS layers and paired trigonal anti-prismatic TiS2 layers with a van der Waals gap. This naturally modulated structure shows low lattice thermal conductivity close to or even lower than the predicted minimum thermal conductivity. Measurement of sound velocities shows that the ultra-low thermal conductivity partially originates from the softening of the transverse modes of lattice wave due to weak interlayer bonding. Combined with a high power factor, the misfit layer compounds show a relatively high ZT value of 0.28~0.37 at 700 K.
Mediterranean Jellyfish Venoms: A Review on Scyphomedusae
Authors: Mariottini Gian Luigi , Pane Luigi
Published: April 2010

The production of natural toxins is an interesting aspect, which characterizes the physiology and the ecology of a number of marine species that use them for defence/offence purposes. Cnidarians are of particular concern from this point of view; their venoms are contained in specialized structures–the nematocysts–which, after mechanical or chemical stimulation, inject the venom in the prey or in the attacker. Cnidarian stinging is a serious health problem for humans in the zones where extremely venomous jellyfish or anemones are common, such as in temperate and tropical oceanic waters and particularly along several Pacific coasts, and severe cases of envenomation, including also lethal cases mainly induced by cubomedusae, were reported. On the contrary, in the Mediterranean region the problem of jellyfish stings is quite modest, even though they can have anyhow an impact on public health and be of importance from the ecological and economic point of view owing to the implications on ecosystems and on some human activities such as tourism, bathing and fishing. This paper reviews the knowledge about the various aspects related to the occurrence and the stinging of the Mediterranean scyphozoan jellyfish as well as the activity of their venoms.
Pellitorine, a Potential Anti-Cancer Lead Compound against HL60 and MCT-7 Cell Lines and Microbial Transformation of Piperine from Piper Nigrum
Authors: Ee Gwendoline Cheng Lian , Lim Chyi Meei , Rahmani Mawardi , Shaari Khozirah , Bong Choon Fah Joseph
Published: April 2010

Pellitorine (1), which was isolated from the roots of Piper nigrum, showed strong cytotoxic activities against HL60 and MCT-7 cell lines. Microbial transformation of piperine (2) gave a new compound 5-[3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenyl]-pent-2-ene piperidine (3). Two other alkaloids were also found from Piper nigrum. They are (E)-1-[3’,4’-(methylenedioxy)cinnamoyl]piperidine (4) and 2,4-tetradecadienoic acid isobutyl amide (5). These compounds were isolated using chromatographic methods and their structures were elucidated using MS, IR and NMR techniques.
Population Growth and Its Expression in Spatial Built-up Patterns: The Sana’a, Yemen Case Study
Authors: Zeug Gunter , Eckert Sandra
Published: April 2010

In light of rapid global urbanisation, monitoring and mapping of urban and population growth is of great importance. Population growth in Sana’a was investigated for this reason. The capital of the Republic of Yemen is a rapidly growing middle sized city where the population doubles almost every ten years. Satellite data from four different sensors were used to explore urban growth in Sana’a between 1989 and 2007, assisted by topographic maps and cadastral vector data. The analysis was conducted by delineating the built-up areas from the various optical satellite data, applying a fuzzy-rule-based composition of anisotropic textural measures and interactive thresholding. The resulting datasets were used to analyse urban growth and changes in built-up density per district, qualitatively as well as quantitatively, using a geographic information system. The built-up area increased by 87 % between 1989 and 2007. Built-up density has increased in all areas, but particularly in the northern and southern suburban districts, also reflecting the natural barrier of surrounding mountain ranges. Based on long-term population figures, geometric population growth was assumed. This hypothesis was used together with census data for 1994 and 2004 to estimate population figures for 1989 and 2007, resulting in overall growth of about 240%. By joining population figures to district boundaries, the spatial patterns of population distribution and growth were examined. Further, urban built-up growth and population changes over time were brought into relation in order to investigate changes in population density per built-up area. Population densities increased in all districts, with the greatest density change in the peripheral areas towards the North. The results reflect the pressure on the city’s infrastructure and natural resources and could contribute to sustainable urban planning in the city of Sana’a.
Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in the United States: A Case Study of the Energy-Water Nexus
Authors: Stillwell Ashlynn , Hoppock David , Webber Michael
Published: April 2010

This manuscript uses data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to analyze the potential for energy recovery from wastewater treatment plants via anaerobic digestion with biogas utilization and biosolids incineration with electricity generation. These energy recovery strategies could help offset the electricity consumption of the wastewater sector and represent possible areas for sustainable energy policy implementation. We estimate that anaerobic digestion could save 628 to 4,940 million kWh annually in the United States. In Texas, anaerobic digestion could save 40.2 to 460 million kWh annually and biosolids incineration could save 51.9 to 1,030 million kWh annually.
Vera Peters and the Conservative Management of Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Cowan Donald H.
Published: April 2010

During the first three quarters of the twentieth century, radical mastectomy was an accepted and common procedure in the management of patients with earlystage cancer of the breast. After a lifetime of thinking about and working with patients with early-stage breast cancer, Vera Peters presented and published, in the mid-1970s, a retrospective historical case–control study that demonstrated the lack of a survival benefit for radical or modified radical mastectomy as compared with more conservative surgery with lumpectomy. In the years that followed, prospective randomized studies confirmed her findings.
Estimating the National Wage Loss from Cancer in Canada
Authors: Hopkins R.B. , Goeree R. , Longo C.J.
Published: April 2010

Objectives: Using primary and secondary data sources, we set out to estimate the Canadian wage loss from cancer for patients, caregivers, and parents from a patient and a societal perspective. Methods: First, a multiple-database literature search was conducted to find Canadian-specific direct surveys of wage loss from cancer. Second, estimates for wage loss were generated from the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Cycle 3.1. In addition, both estimates were standardized to derive a friction-period estimate and were extrapolated to produce national annual estimates. Results: The literature search identified six direct surveys that included a total of 1632 patients with cancer. The CCHS Cycle 3.1 included 2287 patients with cancer. Overall, based on the direct surveys, newly diagnosed cancer patients reduced their labour participation in the friction period by 36% ($4,518), and caregivers lost 23% of their workable hours ($2,887). The CCHS estimated that annual household income was 26.5% lower ($4,978) for respondents with cancer as compared with the general population. For the year 2009, results from direct surveys indicated that new cancers in Canada generated a wage loss of $3.18 billion; the CCHS Cycle 3.1 estimate was $2.95 billion. Conclusions: Wage loss from cancer is a significant economic burden on patients, their families, and society in Canada, with direct surveys and the CCHS providing similar estimates.
Between Part and Whole. Issues in Ethnological Research and Representation
Authors: Fikfak Jurij
Published: April 2010

Raziskovalec, ki se ukvarja z ljudsko kulturo ali načinom življenja ali kulturnimi objektivacijami ali empirično znanostjo o kulturi, ipd., se vedno spoprijema z vprašanjem, kako naj reprezentira t. i. celoto – totaliteto življenja neke skupnosti v danem okolju: katere izjave, katere informatorje naj izbere in predstavi. Avtor v razpravi analizira nekatere rešitve, značilne za slovenske narodopisne in etnološke spise med koncem 19. in sredo 20. stoletja.
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Researchers dealing with folk culture, lifestyles, cultural objectifications, empirical study of culture, and so on continually deal with the question of how to represent the “whole” – that is, the totality of life of particular community in a given environment: which statements, informants, and so on to select and present. This article examines certain realizations characteristic of twentieth-century studies in ethnography, ethnology.
Customs and Traditions as Folklorism
Authors: Poljak Istenič Saša
Published: April 2010

Avtorica v prispevku na primeru raziskav šeg in navad predstavi poglede na folklorizem na podlagi treh vidikov: 1. s stališča  pogleda na teorijo oz. na raziskovalce, ki uporabljajo »folklorizem« kot koncept ali vsaj terminus technicus (v tem okviru je predstavljen razvoj koncepta v tujini in v Sloveniji); 2. s stališča raziskovalcev in njihove raziskovalne prakse, v kateri gre za (ne)zavedanje folklorizma pri obravnavi šeg in navad oz. (ne)aplikacijo koncepta v raziskave na Slovenskem, in 3. s stališča raziskovancev, ki razgrinjajo nagibe za uporabo šeg in navad in drugih elementov dediščine v turizmu na izbranem območju.
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This article uses examples of studies on customs and traditions to present views on folklorism from three perspectives: (1) the view of the theory and researchers that use “ folklorism” as a concept or at least as a technical term (the development of this concept in Slovenia and abroad is presented within this framework); (2) the viewpoint of researchers and their research practice, which devotes more or less attention to this phenomenon or even overlooks it when addressing customs and traditions (and in this case also demonstrates the lack of use and reflection upon this concept in Slovenian research); and (3) the viewpoint of those studied, who reveal their motives for using customs and traditions as well as other heritage elements in tourism in the selected area.
Folk Narrative Metamorphoses in Upper Carniola (Slovenia)
Authors: Kropej Monika
Published: April 2010

V članku je predstavljeno gorenjsko pripovedno izročilo v obdobju od prve polovice 19. do začetka 21. stoletja. Raziskana je razvojna pot pripovedništva predvsem prek sprememb v pripovednem repertoarju, v načinu pripovedovanja, v okoliščinah pripovedovanja ter v oblikah zapisovanja oz. snemanja in objavljanja besedil. Spremembe, ki jim lahko sledimo tako v motiviki kot v žanrih so prikazane ob gradivu, ki so ga na Gorenjskem zbrali M. Ravnikar - Poženčan, M. Valjavec - Kračmanov, M. Matičetov, T. Cevc, M. Cvetek in B. Bezek.
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This article presents Upper Carniolan narrative tradition from the first half of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twenty-first century. It discusses the developmental path of narration primarily through changes in the narrative repertoire, narration method, narration circumstances, and recording, transcribing, and publishing texts. Changes that can be observed in both motifs and genres are presented using material collected in Upper Carniola by Matevž “Poženčan” Ravnikar, Matija “Kračmanov” Valjavec, Milko Matičetov, Tone Cevc, Marija Cvetek, and Benjamin Bezek.
Descripción de un nuevo Trechus Clairville, 1806 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini) de los montes Cantábricos Orientales (norte de España)
Authors: Ortuño V. M. , Toribio M.
Published: April 2010

Se describe Trechus pisuenensis sp. nov. de los montes cantábricos orientales. Se estudia su morfología y, en particular, la genitalia masculina y femenina. Asimismo, se discute su afinidad con aquellas especies más próximas (grupo T. angusticollis o grupo T. amplicollis ?). También se aportan datos sobre su biología y ecología.
¿Toxoptera citricida o Toxoptera citricidus? La validez de un nombre específico (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Aphidini)
Authors: Nieto Nafría J. M. , Alonso-Zarazaga M. A. , Pérez Hidalgo N.
Published: April 2010

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Una nueva especie de ácaro acuático del género Torrenticola Piersig, 1896 (Acari, Torrenticolidae) del centro de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Valdecasas A. G.
Published: April 2010

El ácaro acuático Torrenticola eureka n. sp. se describe de arroyos de la Sierra de Guadarrama, en el centro de la Península Ibérica. Esta especie pertenece al subgénero Megapalpis Halbert, 1944, caracterizado por un rostro largo y curvado dorsalmente y PII más largo que PIV. T. eureka n. sp. se diferencia de las otras especies del subgénero por la combinación de los siguientes caracteres: proporción de los segmentos del palpo, tamaño del palpo en relación al cuerpo y la longitud de la uña del quelícero, entre otros caracteres.
Distribución e intensidad de los estudios faunísticos sobre mariposas diurnas en la Península Ibérica e islas Baleares (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea y Hesperioidea)
Authors: Romo Benito H. , García-Barros E.
Published: April 2010

Se ha analizado la distribución actual de la intensidad de muestreo de las mariposas diurnas en la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares, usando el sistema de proyección UTM, con una red de malla de cuadrículas de 10 y 50 km de lado. Se realizaron tres tipos de aproximaciones para valorar la cobertura geográfica de los datos, seleccionando el número de registros de la base de datos ATLAMAR1 como unidad de esfuerzo de muestreo: Una basada en criterios mínimos, otra en estimadores indirectos derivados de 25 cuadrículas UTM de 10 km de lado bien muestreadas, y una última mediante la utilización de curvas de acumulación que se aplicó a las cuadrículas de 50 km de lado. Los resultados de todos los análisis coinciden en señalar un 6,8% de las cuadrículas de 10 km de lado y un 62,3% de las cuadrículas de 50 km como bien estudiadas. Aproximadamente un tercio del territorio se caracteriza por una notable escasez de registros de mariposas, principalmente algunas zonas de Galicia, gran parte de Castilla-La Mancha, y la zona interior de Andalucía. Los resultados permiten disponer de una base sólida y objetiva en la que apoyar subsiguientes estudios sobre biodiversidad, biogeografía y conservación en relación con estos lepidópteros.
Los Geocharis Ehlers, 1883 de Marruecos y Cádiz (España) (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae, Anillini)
Authors: Zaballos J. P.
Published: April 2010

Se describen siete nuevas especies del género Geocharis Ehlers, 1883 de Cádiz, España (3 especies: Geocharis notolampros sp. n., G. fenestrata sp. n., Geocharis bifenestrata sp. n.) y de Marruecos (4 especies: G. montecristoi sp. n., G. juncoi sp. n., G. liberorum sp. n., G. testatetrafoveata sp. n.). Se incluye también el estudio de las especies ya conocidas previamente: Geocharis massinissa (Dieck, 1869) y G. korbi (Ganglbauer, 1900). Tres especies: Geocharis raclinae Antoine, 1962; G. elegantula Antoine, 1962 y G. mussardi Antoine, 1962 son propuestas como Incertae sedis. Se discute el uso de varios caracteres morfológicos y su valor sistemático. Se concluye que la genitalia, quetotaxia y dimorfismo sexual no están sujetos a variabilidad y son muy buenos caracteres diagnósticos. Por otro lado, los de tipo biométrico y los relativos al labio requieren de un estudio más detallado para precisar su utilidad.
Los Colletidae de la Sierra de Guadarrama (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)
Authors: Ortiz-Sánchez F. J. , Ornosa C.
Published: April 2010

Tras el estudio de diversas colecciones entomológicas y la revisión de bibliografía de referencia, los autores estiman que la fauna de colétidos de la Sierra de Guadarrama (centro de la Península Ibérica) está compuesta por 42 especies (31 pertenecientes al género Hylaeus Fabricius, 1793 y 11 al género Colletes Latreille, 1802). Son nuevas para esta sierra un total de 21 especies, y se rechaza la presencia de otras 10 previamente citadas. Desde un punto de vista biogeográfico, los principales elementos son los paleárticos occidentales y los circunmediterráneos (su suma alcanza casi el 50 % del total), siendo relevante el número de endemismos ibéricos (el 16,7 %). Las curvas de fenología alcanzan su máximo en los meses de verano: Hylaeus en julio y agosto y Colletes en agosto.
Hypothenemus krivolutskayae Wood, 1992, un nombre de reemplazo innecesario (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)
Authors: Alonso-Zarazaga M. A.
Published: April 2010

No disponible
El género Bathysciola Jeannel, 1910 en la Península Ibérica y Pirineos. Revisión taxonómica de las Secciones IV, VI y VII (Jeannel, 1924) (Coleoptera, Cholevide, Leptodirinae)
Authors: Fresneda J. , Salgado-Costas J. M.
Published: April 2010

Se realiza una revisión taxonómica de las secciones IV, VI y VII (Jeannel, 1924) con las especies Ibéricas y de los Pirineos del género Bathysciola. Esta propuesta de ordenación tiene como base el examen de las estructuras genitales de los dos sexos, y de un modo especial el estudio de la armadura esclerotizada del saco interno del edeago. Se han diferenciado los siguientes grupos de especies en el género Bathysciola Jeannel, seccion IV: grupo aubei de Peyerimhoff (1 taxon): B. aubei (Kiesenwetter); madoni nuevo grupo (2 táxones): B. madoni Jeannel y B. penicillata Jeannel; zariquieyi nuevo grupo (2 táxones): B. zariquieyi zariquieyi Bolívar y B. zariquieyi serratensis Coiffait; sección VII o grupo ovata de Perreau (8 táxones): B. asperula asperula (Fairmaire), B. asperula subasperata (Saulcy) (= intermedia Jeannel), B. ovata ovata (Kiesenwetter), B. ovata aragonica Coiffait, B. ovata catalana Coiffait, B. ovata gabasensis Hustache, B. simonis (Abeille de Perrin) y B. talpa (Normand); sección VI: lapidicola nuevo grupo (4 táxones): B. arcuatipes Jeannel, B. lapidicola lapidicola (Saulcy), B. lapidicola rectipes Coiffait y B. lapidicola simplex Coiffait; meridionalis nuevo grupo (3 táxones): B. finismillennii sp. n., B. grenieri (Saulcy) y B. meridionalis (J. Du Val) (= nitidula Normand); larcennei nuevo grupo (2 táxones): B. convena Jeannel, nueva posición en el grupo, y B. larcennei (Abeille de Perrin); grupo schiodtei de Perreau (9 táxones): B. bigerrica Jeannel, nueva posición en el grupo (= convexa Coiffait n. syn.), B. breuili Bolívar (= azuai Bolívar n. syn.), B. diegoi Salgado & Fresneda, B. fauveli Jeannel, B. grandis (Fairmaire), B. obermaieri Bolívar, B. parallela (Jeannel), B. rugosa (Sharp) y B. schiodtei (Kiesenwetter) (= navarica Coiffait). Incertae sedis: Bathysciola aranensis Coiffait y Bathysciola minuscula (Abeille de Perrin).
Nematodos edáficos y de agua dulce de la fauna ibérica: una síntesis
Authors: Peña-Santiago R. , Abolafia J. , Guerrero P. , Liébanas G. , Peralta M.
Published: April 2010

En esta contribución se presenta una recopilación de las especies ibéricas de nematodos de suelo y de agua dulce, la primera de este tipo realizada hasta el momento. El inventario actual lo componen 981 especies de 236 géneros, 77 familias y 12 órdenes. Los datos correspondiente a la fauna ibérica de nematodos se compara con la de otros táxones de la biota ibérica. Se analizan y se discuten distintos aspectos cuantitativos y cualitativos de la fauna nematológica, con especial énfasis en el tipo de información disponible sobre cada especie, y se concluye que casi una tercera parte de las especies ibéricas permanecen insuficientemente caracterizadas, razón por la cual requieren de estudios adicionales. La endemicidad de las especies es así mismo objeto de atención: 143 especies, un 14.6% del total están restringidas en su distribución al ámbito ibérico, en su mayor parte pertenecientes a los órdenes Dorylaimida (87) y Tylenchida (29), por otra parte los más diversificados de entre los pertenecientes al filo. El interés básico y aplicado del conocimiento de la fauna de nematodos es comentado e ilustrado con aportaciones recientes y ejemplos. Por último, se presenta una lista de todas las especies de la fauna ibérica, ordenadas alfabéticamente por su epíteto específico.
Nueva especie de Pseudosinella Schaeffer, 1897 de la Península Ibérica (Collembola, Entomobryidae)
Authors: Simón Benito J. C. , Signoret Moreno A.
Published: April 2010

Se describe una nueva especie de Pseudosinella de la Península Ibérica, P. soriensis sp. n., al mismo tiempo que se da una clave de todas las especies del grupo petterseni, al que pertenece la especie.
Teleutomyrmex schneideri Kutter, 1950 en España (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Authors: Espadaler X. , Cuesta D.
Published: April 2010

No disponible
Tres nombres de Bertels, 1973 indisponibles para especies de áfidos
Authors: Nieto Nafría J. M. , Mier Durante M. P.
Published: April 2010

No disponible
Designación válida de la especie tipo del género Thorectes Mulsant, 1842 de acuerdo con las disposiciones del Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoológica (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae)
Authors: López-Colón J. I. , Alonso-Zarazaga M. A.
Published: April 2010

No disponible
Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (X)
Authors: Fernández J.
Published: April 2010

No disponible
Diversidad y distribución de las especies de Mallophaga (Insecta) en Aves y Mamíferos de la Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Martín Mateo M. P.
Published: April 2010

Se presenta información general sobre la biodiversidad y distribución de los Mallophaga parásitos de aves y mamíferos en la Comunidad de Madrid. Con base en datos obtenidos en colecciones del MNCN (Madrid) y revisión de la bibliografía de referencia, se obtienen un total de 145 especies de aves y 12 de mamíferos hospedadores potenciales de 306 especies de malófagos en la Comunidad de Madrid. De ésas, solo 29 especies de aves (20 %) y 2 de mamíferos (14,3 %) han sido exploradas, las cuales podrían estar parasitadas por, al menos, 91 especies diferentes de malófagos, pero solo se conocen citas de 40 especies (44 %). En cada especie indicada se señalan los hospedadores conocidos, material y referencia correspondiente para cada especie de Mallophaga citada en la Comunidad de Madrid.
Catálogo bibliográfico de los Gasterópodos Terrestres de la Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Aparicio M.ª T.
Published: April 2010

En la Comunidad de Madrid se han recolectado y posteriormente se han citado en la bibliografía un total de 47 especies de Gasterópodos terrestres pertenecientes a 18 familias de la subclase Pulmonada. Las familias con mayor número de especies citadas son tres Zonitidae, Higromiidae y Helicidae con seis, trece y seis especies respectivamente. Desde el punto de vista malacológico esta región se puede considerar como un área de transición en la que confluyen factores atlánticos y mediterráneos.
Lista de estigofauna conocida en la Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Camacho A. I. , Valdecasas A. G.
Published: April 2010

El conocimiento de la estigofauna de la Comunidad de Madrid es muy escaso debido a que ha recibido muy poca atención por parte de los investigadores. Se conocen muy pocos datos que proceden de muestreos esporádicos y puntuales realizados, en la mayor parte de los casos, con objetivos taxonómicos. En este trabajo hemos intentado recoger toda la información publicada acerca de las especies de invertebrados acuáticos subterráneos, en sentido amplio, encontrados en cuevas, pozos artificiales, surgencias y medio intersticial asociado a ríos de la Comunidad de Madrid.
Diversidad y distribución de los moluscos de agua dulce en la Comunidad de Madrid (España)
Authors: Soler J. , Moreno D. , Araujo R. , Ramos M. A.
Published: April 2010

El estudio de los moluscos de agua dulce llevado a cabo en la Comunidad de Madrid permite citar 33 especies, de ellas 25 son de gasterópodos y ocho son de bivalvos. De estas especies, 23 ya habían sido citadas previamente en esta área, aunque la mayoría con otros nombres, bien porque en la actualidad son sinónimos, o bien por determinaciones erróneas. Para las 33 especies, identificadas en un total de 463 muestras analizadas, junto con el estudio de los ejemplares conservados en el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, se aportan datos taxonómicos y breves descripciones, así como información sobre los hábitats en los que se han encontrado. Se indica también si habían sido citados previamente en el área y el nombre asignado por los diferentes autores. De acuerdo con los datos bibliográficos manejados, un total de nueve especies se citan por primera vez en la región: Pseudamnicola (Pseudamnicola) subproducta, Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) hinzi, Lymnaea stagnalis, Stagnicola palustris, Gyraulus (Gyraulus) chinensis, Gyraulus (Torquis) laevis, Ferrissia (Pettancylus) clessiniana, Oxyloma (Oxyloma) sarsii y Pisidium subtruncatum. Entre las especies citadas por otros autores, cabe mencionar que “Islamia” coronadoi, Anisus (Disculifer) vortex y Segmentina nitida, no han podido ser localizadas. Stagnicola palustris se cita por primera vez, aunque sólo se han encontrado conchas. Dos especies, Potamopyrgus antipodarum y Gyraulus chinensis, son introducidas; la primera de ellas, considerada como invasora, presenta una amplia distribución. Del mismo modo citamos Lymnaea stagnalis y Oxyloma (Oxyloma) sarsii, que sólo se han encontrado en un centro de jardinería, por si incidentalmente pudieran extenderse a hábitats naturales en la región.
Catálogo de las muestras de fauna de la Comunidad de Madrid conservadas en la colección de Tejidos y ADN del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales
Authors: Rey I. , Dorda B. A.
Published: April 2010

Este trabajo presenta el catálogo de muestras conservadas en la colección de Tejidos y ADN de las especies animales (vertebrados e invertebrados) de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se proporcionan los porcentajes frente al total de las muestras conservadas en la colección y las clases animales representadas. Esta información pone de manifiesto el esfuerzo que el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales realiza para conservar a nivel genómico el mayor porcentaje posible de la diversidad actual de la Comunidad de Madrid.
Atlas de distribución y estado de conservación de los Anfibios de la Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Martínez-Solano I.
Published: April 2010

La planificación de estrategias de gestión y conservación eficaces depende de la disponibilidad, integración y actualización de información procedente de diversas disciplinas. En este trabajo se recopila información relevante para la conservación de los anfibios de la Comunidad de Madrid. Hemos obtenido información corológica de un total de 1384 puntos de muestreo repartidos por toda la geografía madrileña y revisado la literatura científica de interés para la gestión de las poblaciones de anfibios en esta región. En el 70,3% de los puntos muestreados se ha encontrado al menos una especie de anfibio. Los resultados se ilustran mediante mapas de distribución de cada una de las 18 especies encontradas: Salamandra salamandra, Pleurodeles waltl, Mesotriton alpestris, Lissotriton boscai, Triturus marmoratus, Triturus pygmaeus, Alytes obstetricans, Alytes cisternasii, Discoglossus galganoi, Discoglossus jeanneae, Pelobates cultripes, Pelodytes punctatus, Hyla arborea, Hyla meridionalis, Bufo bufo, Bufo calamita, Rana iberica y Rana perezi. Los mapas de distribución se presentan en cuadrículas UTM de 5x5 km. Se comparan e integran los resultados obtenidos con los de estudios anteriores y se delimitan grupos de poblaciones que representan unidades independientes de gestión, para los cuales se proponen categorías de amenaza según los criterios establecidos por la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (IUCN) a nivel regional. Finalmente, se señalan las principales amenazas para la supervivencia de las poblaciones de anfibios madrileños y se discuten posibles actuaciones para mejorar su estado de conservación.