bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Proximate, Mineral and Anti-nutrient Composition of African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst Ex. A. Rich. (Harms.) Accessions
Authors: Ndubuisi Perpetua O. , Eze C.E. , Amadi C.O.
Published: December 2022

Background: This study compared the proximate, mineral and anti-nutritional composition of selected accessions of African yam bean. The objective was to assess the potential of these accessions to contribute to food and nutrition security critical to the survival of many rural communities currently ravaged by hunger and malnutrition in Africa. Methods: Eight (8) accessions of African yam bean were used for this study. Seeds of each accession were processed and chemically analyzed using AOAC standard methods. The samples were replicated three times and F-LSD were used to separate significant means. Result: Results obtained showed that there were significant variations in the proximate, mineral and anti-nutritional composition of the accessions. Accession TSs 519 had the highest crude protein composition (22.53%), dry matter (91.14%), carbohydrate content (22.53%), sodium (80.46 mg/100 g) and the lowest moisture content 8.86%. The ash content was highest in accession TSs 568 (5.26%). Accession TSs 535 had the highest content of phytate (3.74%), oxalate (1.73%), HCN (1.72%) and tannins (1.44%). Magnesium and potassium were highest in accessions TSs 595 (90.26 mg/100 g) and TSs 568 (280.51 mg/100 g) respectively. The high protein and carbohydrate contents of African yam bean could supplement traditional dishes consumed by both children and adults in order to alleviate protein-energy malnutrition in the developing countries especially in Africa, where this legume is indigenous.
Curriculum Of Kitab Kuning Learning Base On Integrative Approach/ منهج تعليم كتب التراث على ضوء المدخل التكاملي
Authors: Daroini Slamet , Aisyi Mohammad Atmim
Published: December 2022

This study aims to describe and analyze: objectives, materials, methods, and assessment of Kitab Kuning learning with an integrative approach. This study originated from students assumption that difficult to study Kitab Kuning because it requires good reading skills and mastery of language rules. Kitab Kuning learning at Islamic boarding school was not effective due to decreased interest, quality and competence of students in reading Kitab Kuning. Only a few educational institutions under Islamic boarding school whose study Kitab Kuning is effective. This study uses a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis methods. Data collection observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was performed using interactive analysis. Data validity test was done by triangulating source. This study’s results are: Objectives of Kitab Kuning learning with integrative approach are to build a scientific environment in developing Islamic scientific tradition at elementary-middle level; increasing quality and quantity of competent students in reading Kitab Kuning; preparing room heads cadre who are competent in guiding students in Islamic scholarship especially in guidance Kitab Kuning; and preparing cadres of Ma'had ʻAly Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Sukorejo Situbondo. The materials are al-Qur'an/Tajwid, Nahwu, Sharraf, Mantiq, Balaghah, Fiqh, Fiqh Ibadah, Fiqh al-Qur'an, Methodic Fiqh, Thematic Fiqh, Usul Fiqh, Qawa'id Fiqh, Akhlaq, Tawhid, and BMK. The methods are discussion method, bandongan method, lecture method, question and answer method, and problem solving method/bahtsul masail. The assessments are entrance test, formative and summative, and knockout assessment.
Implementation Of The Triple Helix Mohammad Natsir In Arabic Education
Authors: Firdaus Rizal , Hakam Kama Abdul , Somad Momod Abdul , Rizal Ahmad Syamsu
Published: December 2022

The integration of mosque institutions, Islamic boarding schools, and campuses in the educational process, according to Mohammad Natsir, is essential. He believes this concept is very in line with the culture of Indonesian society. According to him, the educational process that integrates the three institutions can make graduates become intellectually, emotionally, and spiritually intelligent people. This research uses qualitative techniques and data sourced from documentation studies, and interviews, the data analysis techniques used are Miles and Huberman data analysis techniques, namely data analysis techniques consisting of three stages of analysis, namely collecting data and data reduction, displaying data, and conclusion. The findings are the implementation of Mohammad Natsir's triple helix at Arraayah University Indonesia, including 1) implementation of Arabic language teaching in the Arraayah Mosque through into kalimah activities (short speech), halaqah of the Qur'an (tahfidz), mashrohiyyah (Arabic theatrical), scientific competitions. 2) The implementation of Arabic language teaching at Pesantren Arraayah is carried out in various places such as in madrasahs through Arabic language learning activities, dormitories through study group activities, monitoring Arabic-language discipline, direct evaluation from the senior student, Arabic environment conditioning, sports fields through Arabic-language conditioning activities in various sports activities, open spaces and in other public facilities in pesantren through activities  jalsah tarbawiyyah. 3) The implementation of Arabic language teaching at the Arraayah Campus is carried out in lecture classes through learning materials for Arabic and Islamic studies as well as the development of Arabic language education through teaching practices and research in the Arabic teaching studies.
Prácticas de topografía: guías didácticas
Authors: Correa Perdomo Alfonso
Published: December 2022

Esta obra es una guía para el adecuado desempeño profesional de la topografía. En ella se compilan los procedimientos de campo básicos y se abordan los parámetros, fórmulas matemáticas y conceptos indispensables para las buenas prácticas de la ingeniería civil y la topográfica. En el libro se desarrollan ejercicios de planimetría, altimetría, interpretación y obtención de planos y modelos topográficos. Cada capítulo cuenta con una explicación del proceso, la forma de hacer el cálculo, su respectivo plano y se proponen algunos ejercicios de aplicación.
THE IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HEALTH PROTOCOLS FOR THE PREVENTION OF COVID-19 TRANSMISSION IN NON-MEDICAL STUDENTS OF SURABAYA, INDONESIA
Authors: Ekiyanti Khisma , Nadia Mardiana Hudan  , Grawira Drana Putra Respati  , Hamzah Rafly Rahman  , Danti Nur Indiastuti
Published: December 2022

Lack of public compliance with the implementation of health protocol activities in daily life has resulted in increased cases of Covid-19 in Indonesia, so the government issued the latest policy regarding the health protocol, namely 6M, which consists of wearing masks, maintaining hand hygiene, maintaining distance, reducing mobility, staying away from crowds, and avoid eating together. This study aims to educate and make the public more aware of the importance of health protocols during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research used total sampling method. The target of the counseling was non-medical students in Surabaya who took part in Covid-19 educational counseling by filling out complete pre-test and post-test questions. The results obtained were an increase in the average score (17.26 points) on tests filled before and after the educational presentation of health protocols with a value of p<0.001 (p<0.05), and 34 of them showed higher post-test scores. From the data that obtained from 92 samples, there was an increase and significant difference in knowledge about 6M health protocols after an online educational presentation given to non-medical students in Surabaya as evidenced by the increase in average score between pre-test and post-test.
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY FACTORS AND DENSITY OF ANOPHELES LARVAE AGAINST MALARIA ENDEMICITY IN INDONESIA. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: - Fitni Hidayati , Mursid Raharjo  , Martini Martini2  , Retno Hestiningsih
Published: December 2022

Malaria is still a serious problem of health in tropical and subtropical climates. The potential for malaria has become a global concern with increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Millions of people die every year, and 80% of them occur in children. Indonesia is included in the highest level of malaria excess in the world, after India in 2020. In 2021, malaria in Indonesia reached 94,610 cases. Of 34 provinces in Indonesia, 31 provinces still have confirmed cases of malaria. Malaria is caused by the female Anopheles mosquito containing plasmodium. Anopheles mosquitoes have preferred behavior in the process of breeding, resting, and biting, according to the environmental conditions of their habitat. Therefore, this literature discusses several environmental quality factors (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wall conditions, gauze wire on ventilation, ceiling of the house, presence of bushes, and presence of standing water) and the density of Anopheles larvae on the incidence of malaria. This research was conducted in the form of a literature review using the Sinta database as reference material. Based on a study of 16 scientific journals, there were 11 scientific journals regarding significant risk factors for the incidence of malaria and 5 journals regarding Anopheles larvae density.Malaria is still a serious problem of health in tropical and subtropical climates. The potential for malaria has become a global concern with increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Millions of people die every year, and 80% of them occur in children. Indonesia is included in the highest level of malaria excess in the world, after India in 2020. In 2021, malaria in Indonesia reached 94,610 cases. Of 34 provinces in Indonesia, 31 provinces still have confirmed cases of malaria. Malaria is caused by the female Anopheles mosquito containing plasmodium. Anopheles mosquitoes have preferred behavior in the process of breeding, resting, and biting, according to the environmental conditions of their habitat. Therefore, this literature discusses several environmental quality factors (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wall conditions, gauze wire on ventilation, ceiling of the house, presence of bushes, and presence of standing water) and the density of Anopheles larvae on the incidence of malaria. This research was conducted in the form of a literature review using the Sinta database as reference material. Based on a study of 16 scientific journals, there were 11 scientific journals regarding significant risk factors for the incidence of malaria and 5 journals regarding Anopheles larvae density.
SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND RISK FACTORS OF LEPTOSPIROSIS IN INDONESIA. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: ILMA KHAIRA ilma , Martini Martini , Mursid Raharjo Mursid Raharjo
Published: December 2022

Leptospirosis is a disease that often occurs in tropical climates and has spread widely in advance of the earth including Indonesia. The purpose of the study is to provide some information on review studies on spatial analysis and risk factors for leptospirosis events that have been studied in Indonesia. This study used the review study method by identifying, recording and analyzing from previously studied research from 14 scientific articles related to the incidence of leptospirosis. The results of the study based on the review study that has been carried out obtained that the mapping is carried out by buffering and the pattern of spreading disease events in Indonesia is spread unevenly and the most influential risk factors in the distribution of leptospirosis cases in Indonesia are a significant relationship with variables related to the p value = 0.001 and having sewer conditions, the presence of rats , the presence of rice fields and the presence of rivers from the case house, age, gender, occupation, landfill, standing water, pets against leptospirosis incidence or greater or value affected by Leptospirosis event . Risk factors for leptospirosis events include age, gender, occupation, the presence of rats, landfills, puddles, pets, sewer conditions for the incidence of leptospirosis
MEDICATION ERRORS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY IN MOHAMED V MILITARY TEACHING HOSPITAL, RABAT, MOROCCO
Authors: Moutaouakkil Youssef , El Allali Zouhair , Serragui Samira , Ait El Cadi Mina , Lamsaouri Jamal , El Jaoudi Rachid , Bousliman Yassir
Published: December 2022

Medication errors (MEs) are preventable events that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm. Annually 98,000 patients die because of avoidable MEs, and it is considered a financial burden on public health organizations. The purpose of our study was to examine the incidence rate, types, and causes of medication errors. We conducted a prospective, descriptive study from 1st November 2018 to 1st March 2019 at Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital in Morocco. We performed prescriptions analysis for all patients, and the proper corrective measures were taken. We analyzed 19,200 prescriptions during the study period and made 2,152 (11.20%) pharmaceutical interventions (PI). We identified 752 medication errors (34.94%) of the total PIs) in 562 patients, with an incidence rate of 3.91%. The number of medication errors was higher in men than in women. The most frequent medication errors were: drug interaction errors, dosage or concentration errors, and dose errors. Bearing in mind the outcomes of our study, it is crucial to raise awareness among healthcare professionals of the significance of medication errors. Further investigations are required to fully understand and establish measures to reduce the prevalence rate of medication errors.
Ending Poverty: Strengthening Urban Container Gardening
Authors: Mamoko Joyce Roldan Z. , Agohob Sheryl Ann R. , Saturinas Adrian T.
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic augmented with the threats brought by climate change resulted in a ballooning number of poor across the globe. Hence, making it challenging to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations. This paper aims to identify long-term solutions to address the posing threats brought by the crisis that will lead to the eradication of poverty. Urban Container Gardening is one of the most efficient and attainable ways of solving hunger and reducing waste. It will also be a good source of income since agricultural harvests are largely consumed daily as people are becoming more health conscious. However, this paper concludes that the current urban container gardening system is not sustainable due to the lack of support from the government. This paper also examines the role of the government in facilitating a free market for all, where people are allowed to offer and sell their harvests. Finally, this study presumes the importance of mandatory savings and insurance for the vendors to transform their lives from poverty to financial security.
Kinetic Parameters Investigation for The Esterification of Free Fatty Acid from Coconut Oil Mill Waste using Montmorillonite-Sulfonated Carbon from Glucose Composite Catalyst
Authors: Hasanudin Hasanudin , Asri Wan Ryan , Purwaningrum Widia , Riyanti Fahma , Novia Novia , Maryana Roni , Muttaqii Muhammad Al
Published: December 2022

Coconut oil mill waste (CMW) contained high free fatty acid (FFA) content which potentially could be converted into a value-added product such as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). In this study, a montmorillonite-sulfonated carbon catalyst was used to evaluate the kinetic parameter of FFA conversion from CMW into FAME. The characterization of FTIR and SEM-EDX confirmed that the -SO3H groups were successfully incorporated into montmorillonite- carbon catalyst. The highest catalyst acidity (9.4 mmol/g) was achieved by a ratio of montmorillonite to sulfonated carbon of 1:3 % w/w. The kinetic study using montmorillonite-sulfonated carbon 1:3 % w/w showed that the reaction temperature and molar ratio of methanol to FFA (% v/v) were positively correlated to the reaction rate. The highest rate constant of esterification towards the product (k1), reactant (k2), and equilibrium were 0.1187, 0.0595, and 1.995, achieved by a temperature of 80 ˚C, respectively. The Arrhenius constant and activation energy towards the product were 3.3085×106 and 50.3 J/mole, respectively. The reaction temperature was positively correlated to the equilibrium constant, which indicated that the reaction was endothermic. The kinetic model validation revealed that the predicted value from the model was adequately in accordance with the experimental value, as indicated by a high coefficient of determination.
Overexpression of the X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (XIAP) in Neurons Improves Cell Survival and the Functional Outcome after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Reigada David , Maza Rodrigo M. , Muñoz-Galdeano Teresa , Barreda-Manso María Asunción , Soto Altea , Lindholm Dan , Navarro-Ruíz Rosa , Nieto-Díaz Manuel
Published: December 2022

Trauma to the spinal cord causes extensive neuronal death contributing to the loss of sensory-motor and autonomic functions below the injury level. Apoptosis affects neurons after spinal cord injury (SCI) and is associated with increased caspase activity. Cleavage of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) after SCI may contribute to this rise of caspase activity. Accordingly, we have shown that the elevation of XIAP resulted in increased neuronal survival after SCI and improved functional recovery. Therefore, we hypothesize that neuronal overexpression of XIAP can be neuroprotective after SCI with improved functional recovery. In line with this, studies of a transgenic mouse with overexpression of XIAP in neurons revealed that higher levels of XIAP after spinal cord trauma favours neuronal survival, tissue preservation, and motor recovery after the spinal cord trauma. Using the human SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing XIAP we show further that XIAP reduced caspase activity and apoptotic cell death after pro-apoptotic stimuli. In conclusion, this study shows that the levels of XIAP expression are an important factor for the outcome after spinal cord trauma and identifies XIAP as an important therapeutic target for alleviating the deleterious effects of SCI.
S protein, ACE2 and Host Cell Proteases in SARS-CoV2 Cell Entry and Infectivity; Is Soluble ACE2 a Two Blade Sword?
Authors: Nejat Reza , Torshizi Maziar Fayaz , Najafi David J.
Published: December 2022

Since the spread of the deadly virus SARS-CoV2 in late 2019, researchers have restlessly been seeking for unraveling how the virus factually enters the host cells. Some proteins on each side of the interaction between the virus and the host cells are involved as the major contributors to this process: 1- the nano-machine Spike protein on behalf of the virus, 2- angiotensin converting enzyme II, the mono-carboxypeptidase and the key component of renin angiotensin system on behalf of the host cell, 3- some host proteases and proteins exploited by SARS-CoV2, In this review, the complex process of SARS-CoV2 entrance into the host cells with the contribution of the involved host proteins as well as the sequential conformational changes in the Spike protein tending to increase the probability of complexification of the latter with angiotensin converting enzyme II, the receptor of the virus on the host cells, are discussed. Besides, the release of the catalytic ectodomain of angiotensin converting enzyme II as its soluble form in the extracellular space and its positive or negative impact on the infectivity of the virus are considered.
Joint Beamforming Design for RIS-assisted Integrated Satellite-HAP-Terrestrial Networks Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wu Min , Zhu Shi bing , Li Chang qing , Chen Yu di , Zhou Feng , Su Xiang
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we consider a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted integrated satellite-high altitude platform-terrestrial networks (IS-HAP-TNs) that can improve network performance by exploiting HAP's stability and RIS's reflection. Specifically, the reflector RIS is installed on the side of HAP to reflect signals from the multiple ground user equipments (UEs) to the satellite. To aim at maximising system sum rate, we jointly optimize the transmit beamforming matrix at the ground UEs and RIS phase shift matrix. Due to the limitation of the unit modulus of the RIS reflective elements constraint, the combinatorial optimization problem is difficult to tackle it effectively by traditional solving methods. Based on this, this paper studies deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm to achieve online decision making for this joint optimization problem. In addition, it is verified through simulation experiments that the proposed DRL algorithm outperforms the standard scheme in terms of system performance and execution time, and higher computing speed, making real-time decision making truly feasible。
Fatal Case of Imported Tick-Borne Encephalitis in South Serbia
Authors: Popović Dragonjić Lidija , Vrbić Miodrag , Tasić Aleksandar , Simin Verica , Bogdan Ivana , Mijatović Dragana , Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro , Banović Pavle
Published: December 2022

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is vaccine-preventable neglected zoonotic neuroinvasive disease, caused by tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). Many of the Central and Eastern European countries are affected by TBE, which is often poorly perceived by tourists visiting endemic territories. Here we are reporting a fatal case of imported TBE in Serbian resident who was exposed to tick bite during a visit to Switzerland.
A Comparative Study of Chinese and Western Greetings from the Perspective of Politeness Principle
Authors: Zhang Xiaochen
Published: December 2022

A greeting is a common polite behaviour that also helps to build a relationship. Knowing the difference between Chinese and western greetings will help communicate better with foreigners in the future, and help Chinese and western cultures communicate better with each other. This paper looks at the differences in greetings between Chinese and western cultures and societies and explains why these differences exist based on economy, culture, and society. Furthermore, this paper also suggests that to achieve a better expression result, it is important to pay attention to these differences in communication.
Correlation Between Plasma Vitamin C Concentration and COVID-19 Outcomes among Patients Seen at a Major Hospital in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Hafez Wael , Osman Sana , Gador Muneir , Khair Dina , Aslam Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Background and Objective: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly emerged coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) with varying degrees of disease manifestations. Vitamin C is an essential water-soluble vitamin with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and immunomodulatory functions. The study aimed to investigate the association between serum vitamin C concentration and outcomes of COVID-19 among adults in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Methods: This retrospective observational study included 67 COVID-19 patients aged 30-59 years old. Measurement of vitamin C levels was performed at the National Reference Laboratory, UAE using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). The cut-off value was 0.4 mg/dl; plasma levels that ranged from 0.4 to 2 mg/dl were defined as sufficient. Values above 2 mg/dl were recognized as high and values less than 0.4 mg/dl are considered low or deficient.
Results: Among the included patients, 58.2% suffered from vitamin C deficiency. We found a statistically significant correlation between the concentration of serum vitamin C and age (p=0.03), the presence of hypertension (p=0.013), diabetes (p=0.01), and the development of pneumonia (p=0.012). There was no significant correlation between the concentration of serum vitamin C and the need for mechanical ventilation, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, COVID-19 severity, or mortality. The risk of COVID-19 severity decreased in patients with sufficient vitamin C levels by 52% compared to patients with vitamin C deficiency (p=0.177). There was a statistically significant correlation between vitamin C sufficiency and low lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen. However, the odds of vitamin C sufficiency in COVID-19 patients were significantly associated with lowering CRP levels (OR=0.99, 95% CI: (0.98-1.00), p=0.024).
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Low serum vitamin C concentrations were associated with several demographic characteristics of patients, the presence of pneumonia, and inflammation. Furthermore, improving our social determinants, such as how we live, eat, drink, and vitamin C supplementation could positively impact the future health of the individual, community, and population.
 
Copyright © 2022 Hafez et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
“Face” in Retrospective: A Survey of Thanking in Old Saxon and Old High German
Authors: Concu Valentina
Published: December 2022

Despite being often criticized, the notion of face has recently begun to be applied in diachronic pragmatic investigations. These studies focus on speech acts such as explicit directives, requests, apologies, and terms of address. This trend suggests that “face” can be used as a valid tool to understand speakers’ behaviors in historical contexts. The present study also uses the notion of face to investigate the speech act of thanking in Old Saxon and Old High German, filling a long-standing gap in the literature. The results of this study suggest that, although the expression of gratitude was common and perceived in a positive way in these two societies, this speech act could only be found when the addresser was in a lower social position than the addressee. These findings provide evidence to the claim that the effects of a speech act on the speaker’s or hearer’s face are mostly situational rather than being an intrinsic property attached to it. The findings of this study also reflects the strictly hierarchical structures of the Old Saxon and Old High German societies, in which speakers were allowed to threat their own negative face only if they were in a lower social position than the hearers.
Disordered-to-ordered transitions in assembly factors allow the Complex II catalytic subunit to switch binding partners
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Maklashina Elena , Voehler Markus , Balintova Sona , Dvorakova Sarka , Kraus Michal , Vanova Katerina Hadrava , Nahacka Zuzana , Zobalova Renata , Boukalova Stepana , Mracek Tomas , Ghayee Hans , Pacak Karel , Rohlena Jakub , Neuzil Jiri , Cecchini Gary , Iverson T
Published: December 2022

Mitochondrial Complex II (CII) activity supports multiple types of respiration and connects metabolic state with succinate signaling. It is therefore unsurprising that CII activity has been linked to biological phenomena that require crosstalk between metabolism and signaling, including neurodegeneration, metabolic shifts in cancer, immune activation, and ischemia reperfusion injury. In each of these processes, CII activity may be regulated at the level of assembly, with the disassembled SDHA subunit stored as metastable species with one or more assembly factors. However, both the exact molecular nature of these species and the mechanism of release of SDHA from these metastable species is unclear. In this work, we identified that transfer of SDHA into CII proceeds through at least three metastable intermediates, we assigned the sequence of appearance of these intermediates, and we determined structures for two of these. A complex between SDHA and one of its assembly factors, succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 2 (SDHAF2), is likely the main alternative species that accumulates in cells. A second assembly factor, succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 4 (SDHAF4), must displace SDHAF2 for assembly to proceed. Changes in intrinsic disorder in both SDHAF2 and SDHAF4 are required to release SDHA from the metastable complexes. Evaluation of unrelated biological complexes suggests that changes in disorder may guide post-folding biogenesis during both self-assembly and assisted assembly.
A crystalline stibinidene with a triplet ground state
Authors: Wu Mengyuan , Li Hao , Chen Wang , Wang Dongmin , He Yuhao , Ye Shengfa , Tan Gengwen
Published: December 2022

Pnictinidenes (R-E; E = P, As, Sb or Bi) are long-sought reactive species, which are isoelectronic to carbenes. They feature either a singlet or triplet ground state depending on the electronic property of the substituents. Although isolable singlet carbenes and fairly stable triplet carbenes are well-documented, triplet pnictinidenes isolable under standard laboratory conditions remain elusive. Herein we report the isolation, characterizations and reactivity studies of a free stibinidene supported by a hydrindacene ligand. X-ray crystallographic analysis shows that it contains a one-coordinate antimony atom featuring a Sb–C single bond. Magnetometric investigations, in conjunction with highly correlated wavefunction based ab initio calculations unequivocally demonstrate that the stibinidene features a triplet electronic ground state.
A comparative evaluation of serum lipid profile and blood pressure measurements in adult hypertensive patients consuming Moringa stenopetala herbal tea and non-consuming groups as control, South East Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Gezahegn Bereket , Regassa Tadele , Solomon Damtew , Derbew Meseret , Malik Tabarak , Ayelgn Tiget , Shibabaw Tewodros
Published: December 2022

Background
Noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, continue to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Hypertension and dyslipidemia appear to be the two most important modifiable risk factors contributing to the global rise in cardiovascular disease. Several plant preparations are currently being touted as having benefits for such cardiovascular risk factors. African moringa, Moringa stenopetala, is one of these plants used in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess and compare the serum lipid profiles and blood pressure measurements of Moringa stenopetala herbal tea drinkers and non-drinker hypertensive patients attending chronic care follow-up at Bale zone hospitals.
Methods
A comparative cross-sectional study, involving 128 blood samples (64 each of Moringa stenopetala herbal tea drinkers and nondrinkers), was conducted on hypertensive patients who were on chronic care follow-up from July 1 to August 30, 2021. A face-to-face interview was used to collect data, and serum LDL-c, HDL-c, TG, and TC levels were measured using a clinical chemistry analyzer. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, Chi-square (X2) was used to compare the relationship between categorical variables, and an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the mean of the groups. Generalized linear regression was used to study the association between continuous variables and Moringa stenopetala herbal tea consumption groups. The statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05.
Results
Moringa stenopetala herbal tea drinkers have showed statistically significant lower values than non-drinkers for LDL-c (p < 0.001), TG (p = 0.001), TC (p < 0.001), TC/HDL-c ratio (p < 0.001), and LDL-c/ HDL-c ratio (p < 0.001). The mean SBP, DBP, and MAP were significantly lower among the Moringa stenopetala tea drinkers group (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, and p < 0.001 respectively).
Conclusions
Interestingly, Moringa stenopetala herbal tea consumption has a significant health benefit by lowering blood pressure, LDL-c, TG, TC, and the ratios TC/HDL-c and LDL-c/HDL-c, which have the potential risk of developing CVDs.
Tumor to liver maximum standardized uptake value ratio of FDG-PET/CT parametersBBpredicts tumor treatment response and survival of stage III non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Chen Wei , Zhao Kewei , Qiu Xiaowen , Li Tao , Zhu Xingzhuang , Sun Peng , Wang Chunsheng , Song Yipeng
Published: December 2022

Bacground: To assess the predictive values of primary tumor FDG uptake for patients with inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
Methods: A total of 107 patients with diagnosis of stage III NSCLC and CCRT were enrolled in this study. The tumor maximum uptake value (SUVmax) was standardized by calculating several ratios between tumor and each background tissues. The receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) was used to compare the predictive power of prognostic models. The tumor objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) were compared and analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier method and univariate and multivariate Cox regression models.
Results: The areas under ROC curve (AUCs) ranged from 0.72 to 0,81 among these tumor SUVmax and standardized SUVmax ratios, and the tumor SUVmax and tumor SUVmax-to-liver SUVmean ratio (TLMR) were more predictive of ORR (AUC=0.81; 95% CI, 0.73-0.88 for tumor SUVmax and AUC=0.84; 95%CI, 0.76-0.91 for TLMR) than any of other SUVmax ratios. The patients with lower tumor SUVmax, SUVmean and SUVmax ratios had a significantly better OS than those with their corresponding higher ones. Moreover, both univariate and multivariable analyses revealed that TLMR was significantly associated with better ORR and OS after adjustment with other prognostic variables.
Conclusions: TLMR, a standardized tumor SUVmax, was an independent prognostic predictor for tumor ORR and OS of patients with stage III NSCLC after CCRT.
A novel Weighted Adaptive Aquila Optimizer technique for solving the Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch problem
Authors: Das Tanmay , Roy Ranjit , Mandal Kamal Krishna
Published: December 2022

The major problems in the field of power system engineering can be mostly solved with the help of the ORPD problem. Many recently developed optimization techniques have been implemented in this area of power system to optimize the objective function of minimum power loss, and determine its optimal solution leading to a more efficient and secured system. In this paper, a novel Weighted Adaptive Aquila Optimizer (WAAO) has been proposed to solve the highly complex and non-linear problem of Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch (ORPD). The Aquila optimizer (AO) has been modified with the addition of the unique search feature to develop an algorithm with the capability of optimizing any optimization technique faster and better compared to many other efficient techniques including AO technique. Here, the proposed algorithm has been tested on IEEE 30, 57 and 118 bus systems to minimize the power loss objective function of the ORPD problem, and obtain the optimal solutions to the control variables. The results obtained showed a significant improvement in terms of power saving by minimizing the power loss to a large margin for all the three mentioned test cases, which has not yet been reported earlier in the literature. The detailed study in this work proved that the WAAO has better optimization capability compared to AO and many other well-established techniques in solving the problem of ORPD.
Bioinformatics molecular analysis of prognostic-related genes and drug sensitivity and resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Saleh Raed Obaid , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Abdullaev Bekhzod , Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Hammid Ali Thaeer , Abid Mohammed Kadhem , Samarghnadian Saeed , Hashemi Mehrdad , Mirzaei Sepideh
Published: December 2022

One of the most heterogeneous collections of malignancies probably is head and neck cancers that in this study, we focus on the head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). The aim of this study was to recognize the prognosis-related genes and their pathways related to HNSCC and to further analyze its molecular mechanism and drug sensitivity and resistance. Furthermore, the correlation between the expression of candidate genes with immune infiltration and IC50 of some drugs was evaluated. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) HNSCC was utilized for differential expression analyzing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were indicated by R software. By applying univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and using prognostic risk model, we identified the key prognostic genes in HNSCC based on PPI network, and enrichment analysis of DEGs was performed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Enrichr database. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) was used to assess the relationship between selected genes and immune infiltration in cancer. Finally, the CCLE and GDSC were used to assess the correlation between the level of selected genes with drug resistance and sensitivity. Our results indicated that four hub genes including NUF2, BUB1, TPX2, and DLGAP5 were selected as poor prognostic genes in HNSCC. Our findings revealed that drugs like Glucosamine, Ribavirin and Tocetrapib could lower the expression of selected genes in HNSCC. In doing so, NUF2, BUB1, DLGAP5, TPX2 were identified as hub-related prognostic genes associated with patients’ survival, drug resistance and sensitivity, and could be effective in the cancer progression.
Lipid extraction and analysis of microalgae strain Pectinodesmus PHM3 for biodiesel production
Authors: Kiyani Dania Akram , Maryam Shafia , Amina Sundus Jabeen , Ahmad Abdullah , Chattha Muhammad Waqas Alam , Janjua Hussnain Ahmed
Published: December 2022

The current study is focused on the lipid extract of
microalgae; Pectinodesmus strain HM3 (PHM3) and its
general analysis in terms of chemical contents. Combinations of
both chemical and mechanistic approaches were applied to obtain the
maximum yield of lipids which was recorded to be 23% per gram
through continuous agitation using Folch solution. The extraction
methods used in this study included: Bligh and Dyers method,
Continuous agitation method, Extraction using Soxhlet and Acid base
extraction method. Lipid quantification of ethanol and Folch
solution lipid extract was performed through gravimetric methods
and qualification was done through Fourier Transmission Infrared
Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography-mass spectrometry
(GC-MS). Phytochemical analysis identified other compounds in
ethanol extract and the results confirmed the presence of steroids,
coumarins, tannins, phenols and carbohydrates. Transesterification
of lipids showed 7% per gram dry weight yield of
Pectinodesmus PHM3. GC-MS studies of extracted biodiesel
suggested that 72% of biofuels was in the form of dipropyl ether,
ethyl butyl ethers, methyl butyl ether and propyl butyl ether.
Lipid processing of acid-base extract showed that oily nature of
lipid shifted to a more precipitated form which is a common
observation when mixture of lipids is converted to
phosphatides.
Phenotypic aging mediates the association between blood cadmium and depression: A population-based study
Authors: Wu Yudong , Wu Qing , Pan Rubing , Yi Weizhuo , Li Yuxuan , Jin Xiaoyu , Liang Yunfeng , Mei Lu , Yan Shuangshuang , Sun Xiaoni , Qin Wei , Song Jian , Cheng Jian , Su Hong
Published: December 2022

Background
Depression is a serious public health problem today, especially in middle-aged and older adults. Although the etiology of the disease has not been fully elucidated, environmental factors are increasingly not negligible. Cadmium is widely used in industrial production. The general population may be chronically exposed to low doses of cadmium. This study aimed to investigate the association between blood cadmium and depression and to explore the mediating role of aging indicators in this process.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study on blood cadmium (N = 7195, age ≥ 20 years) using data from the 2007–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Aging indicators (biological and phenotypic age) are calculated by combining multiple biochemical and/ or functional indicators. To determine the relationship between blood cadmium concentrations and depressive symptoms, we used weighted multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline functions and employed mediation analysis to explore the possible mediating effects of aging indicators in the process.
Results
We found a significant positive association between blood cadmium and depression with an OR and 95% CI: 1.22 (1.04,1.43). Restricted cubic spline analysis found a linear positive association between blood cadmium and depression. In the fully covariate-adjusted model, we found a positive association between blood cadmium and biological age and phenotypic age with β and 95% CI: 1.02 (0.65, 1.39) and 2.35 (1.70, 3.01), respectively. In the mediation analysis, we found that phenotypic age mediated 21.32% of the association between blood cadmium and depression.
Conclusion
These results suggest that even exposure to low doses of cadmium can increase the risk of depression and that this process may be mediated by phenotypic aging.
Topologically protected phase singularities in TMDCs monolayers
Authors: Ma Guoteng , Shen Wanfu , Sanchez Soy , Yu Yu , Wang Han , Sun Lidong , Wang Xinran , Hu Chunguang
Published: December 2022

The non-trivial and rigorous Heaviside phase jump behavior of phase singularities (PSs) empower exotic topological modes and widely divergent nature compared to neighboring points, which has attracted great attention in condensed matter physics as well as applications in photonics and ultrasensitive sensors. Here we demonstrate the universal existence of a new family of topologically protected PSs generated from single atom layers. We obtain the PSs by coating the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) monolayers on a semi-infinite light non-adsorption substrate without surface plasmon effect or assisted resonators, which exploits the benefits of both excitons dominated enhancement and peculiarities of the singular phase. We show that refractive indices matched transparent substrate enables TMDCs monolayers exhibit topologically protected zero reflection yielding to ideal Heaviside π-phase jump accompanied by strong light-matter interactions, which can be utilized to radically improve the sensitivity of sensors based on the uniquely appeared exciton resonances in a single atomic layer. By using the TMDCs monolayers-based PSs for refractive index bio-sensors, we demonstrate its superior phase sensitivity at a level of 10^4 degrees per refractive index unit and detection of bioactive bacteria, respectively, which is comparable to the cutting-edge surface plasmon and Fabry-Perot resonance sensors. Our proof-concept results offer experimental and theoretical insights into an entirely new single atomic playground for flat singular optics and label-free biosensing technologies.
Chemoproteomic target deconvolution of lipoic acid reveals Histone Deacetylases as the main targets
Authors: Kuster Bernhard , Lechner Severin , Steimbach Raphael , Wang Longlong , Matthias Patrick , Miller Aubry , Medard Guillaume
Published: December 2022

Lipoic acid is an essential enzyme cofactor in central metabolic pathways. Due to its claimed antioxidant properties, racemic (R/S)-lipoic acid is used as a food supplement, but is also investigated as a pharmaceutical in over 180 clinical trials covering a broad range of diseases. Moreover, (R/S)-lipoic acid is an approved drug for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. However, its mechanism of action remains elusive. Here, we performed chemoproteomics-aided target deconvolution of lipoic acid and its active close analogue lipoamide. We find that histone deacetylases HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC6, HDAC8 and HDAC10 are molecular targets of the reduced form of lipoic acid and lipoamide. Importantly, only the naturally occurring R-enantiomer inhibits HDACs at physiologically relevant concentrations and leads to hyperacetylation of HDAC substrates. The inhibition of HDACs by (R)-lipoic acid and lipoamide explains why both compounds prevent stress granule formation in cells and may also provide a molecular rationale for many other phenotypic effects elicited by lipoic acid.
Psychometric and Clinical Evaluation of Schizophrenia Remission Criteria in Swedish Outpatients with Psychotic Disorders
Authors: Sakinyte Karolina , Holmberg Christopher
Published: December 2022

Background: Psychotic disorders including schizophrenia have debilitating effects on health and functioning. In recent years, symptomatic remission has emerged as an increasingly viable treatment goal. The Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group criteria (RSWG-cr) are based on 8 items from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-8). The criteria, frequently used in clinical and research settings, lack Swedish validation.
Objectives: To evaluate the psychometric properties of PANSS-8, and to examine the clinical validity of RSWG-cr in a Swedish outpatient population.
Methods: Cross-sectional register data was collected between 2016–2019 from outpatient psychosis clinics in Gothenburg, Sweden. Firstly, confirmative and exploratory factor analyses were performed on PANSS-8 data (n=1744) to assess the scale and subscales’ psychometric properties. Internal reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha. Second, 649 patients with sociodemographic and clinical data registered within the same 7-day period were classified according to RSWG-cr. Remitted and non-remitted patients were compared in terms of clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. Depending on the nature of data, parametric (e.g., t-tests) and non-parametric (e.g., Mann-Whitney U test) analyses were used. Lastly, odds ratios (OR) were estimated using binary logistic regression to assess the independent contribution of each variable to remission status.
Results: PANSS-8 showed good internal reliability (alpha = 0.85). A three-dimensional model reflecting psychoticism, disorganization, and negative symptoms showed good fit in confirmatory factor analysis. Of 649 patients, 356 (55%) were in remission according to RSWG-cr. Remitted patients were significantly more likely to live independently, have their own income, be non-smokers, not currently on antipsychotic medication, and have a recent health interview and physical examination registered (all p < 0.01). Binary logistic regression found increased likelihood of remission among patients living independently (OR = 1.98), having their own income (OR = 1.89), obese patients (OR = 1.61), and patients with a recent physical examination (OR = 1.56), and decreased likelihood among patients on antipsychotic medication (OR = 0.41).
Conclusions: PANSS-8 as a whole was internally reliable, and remission according to RSWG-cr was associated with significant clinical variables in a naturalistic Swedish outpatient sample. Future longitudinal studies should be conducted to better assess the direction of these relationships.
Land surface temperature in an arid city: assessing spatio-temporal changes
Authors: CAMPOS VALERIA E. , GATICA GABRIEL , ANDINO NATALIA , MALDONADO VIVIANA N. FERNÁNDEZ , CARDÚS ADRIANA
Published: December 2022

In a city located in a desert environment (Tulum Valley, Argentina) we proposed to assess in the coldest and warmest periods (1) the urban cold/heat island (UCI/UHI) phenomenon; 2) which driving factors currently affect the Land Surface Temperature (LST). In the study area, we selected 50 points for the urban class and 49 points for the rural class. The LST data was obtained from Landsat 5 TM y Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS, for 1988, 2000, 2010, and 2021 years. As driver factors, we assessed the median (med) and standard deviation (sd) of NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), NDBI (Normalized Differences Built-up Index), and BI (Brightness Index). The Tulum Valley behaved like a UCI during almost all studied years, except for 2010 and 2021. Probably because the city was undergoing reconstruction after a major earthquake. In the urban class, the LST were affected positively by NDVImed during the cold period, while in the rural class the LST were explained by a negative relationship with NDVImed, and positive with NDBImed. In the urban class during the warm periods, the LST were affected negatively by BIsd, BImed, NDVImed, and NDVIsd, which leads to a decrease in LST. Contrarily, an increase of NDBIsd produces an increment of LST. The only driver for LST in the rural class was NDBImed, which had a positive effect. Different drivers affected the LST behavior in Tulum Valley, moreover, these drivers explained more variability in rural than in urban class.