bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy of Intravenous Tanexamic Acid in One-stage Anterior Thoracic Tuberculosis Surgery
Authors: Li Sibei , Xu Zuyuan , Fang Dejian , Zhong Xin , Chen Haoyi , Pan Jianchao , Hong Biaohui , Zhang Qiang
Published: January 2021

BackgroundSpinal Tuberculosis was the most affected region in bone tuberculosis. There were variant hemostatic medicines of different mechanisms reported in spinal surgery previously. The effect of Tanexamic Acid (TXA) in anterior spinal tuberculosis surgery is still obscure. The aim of current study is to elucidate the hemostatic effect of tranexamic acid in anterior thoracic tuberculosis surgery.MethodsRetrospective study was performed with 169 thoracic tuberculosis patients underwent one-stage anterior operation. Eighty patients were performed TXA peri-operation prescription. Forty patients (Pre-operation group, Pre-OP group) started TXA after corpectomy and other forty patients (Intra-operation group, Intra-OP group) were started with the induction of anesthesia. The second dose was 3 hours after the first dose. Pre-operation, 1 day post-operation, and 1 week post-operation blood routine test and blood coagulation test were recorded. Hemoglobin(HGB) variance was the difference value between pre-operation HGB and pos-operation HGB; Blood per level was the value of operation bleeding divided level. Health related quality of life parameters included Visual Analogue Scale score (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI). Comparison study was performed among each groups. Correlation study was performed among each parameters in different groups. ResultsCompared to control group, TXA group showed significant decreased on Post-OP Bleeding, and increased on Post-OP HGB, Post-OP HCT and HGB variance. There were no significantly differences among all parameters between Pre-OP group and Intra-OP group. Significant correlation were shown between operation bleeding and post-operation bleeding in control group while the correlation were not significant in TXA group, Pre-OP group and Intra-OP group. Operation bleeding was significantly correlated with Operation Level, Operation Time and HGB variance in all groups. Post-OP Bleeding was significantly correlated with HGB variance in control group, TXA group and Pre-OP group, expect Intra-OP group. There were no significantly difference among all groups, although VAS and ODI showed reduction post-operation.ConclusionsTranexamic acid can effectively preserve surgical hemoglobin loss and reduce post-operation drainage in one-stage anterior thoracic tuberculosis surgery. But the effect of reducing intra-operation bleeding is not significant. Health related quality of life is not influenced by TXA.
Optimization of Centrifugal Slurry Pump Through the Splitter Blades Position
Authors: Abdolahnejad Ehsan , Moghimi Mahdi , Derakhshan Shahram
Published: January 2021

Optimal transfer of two-phase solid-liquid flow (slurry flow) has long been a major industrial challenge. Slurry pumps are among the most common types of centrifugal pumps used to deal with this transfer issue. The approach of improving slurry pumps and consequently increasing the efficiency of a flow transmission system requires overcoming the effects of slurry flow such as the reduction in head, efficiency, and wear. This study attempts to investigate the changes in the pump head by modifying the slip factor distribution in the impeller channel. For this purpose, the effect of splitter blades on slip factor distribution to improve the pump head was investigated using numerical simulation tools and validated based on experimental test data. Next, an optimization process was used to determine the characteristics of the splitter (i.e., length, number, and environmental position of the splitter) based on a combination of experimental design methods, surface response, and genetic algorithm. The optimization results indicate that the splitters were in a relative circumferential position of 67.2% to the suction surface of the main blade. Also, the optimal number and length of splitter blades were 6 and 62.8% of the length of the main blades, respectively. Because of adding splitter blades and the reduction in the flow passage, the best efficiency point (BEP) of the slurry pump moved toward lower flow rates. The result of splitter optimization was the increase in pump head from 29.7 m to 31.7 m and the upkeep of efficiency in the initial values.
Simulation and Control of High-Order Flatness in Rolling Wide Titanium Strip With 20-High Mill
Authors: Zhou Guanyu , Li Hui , He Anrui , Liu Chao , Sun Wenquan , Chen Simeng , Liu Zhengqiao , Han Cong
Published: January 2021

In wide titanium strip cold rolling process, the high-order flatness defect is one of the most difficult problem to be solved. Based on finite element method, considering the anisotropic mechanical characteristics of titanium, an implicit integration calculation model of rolls-strip for 20-high mill was developed, which can simulate the dynamic rolling process. The model was used to analyze the adjustment characteristics of high-order flatness on the 20-high mill. The simulation revealed as the increasing of the 1# & 7# AS-U or 2# & 6# AS-U press adjustment, the high-order flatness defect was more aggravated; And as the increasing of 3# & 5# AS-U or 4# AS-U press adjustment, the high-order flatness defect was alleviated to some extent. In addition, the high-order flatness cannot be effectively adjusted by roll shifting. Finally, the industrial test showed that increasing 4# AS-U press adjustment can effectively relieve the high-order flatness defect.
Fuzzy Control Model in Phosphate Removal
Authors: Zhou Ke
Published: January 2021

The precise input of flocculant (PAC) and coagulant aid (PAM) into phosphate wastewater is a key problem to degrade the phosphate content in sewage water and make the total phosphate (TP) and suspended pollutants (SS) in sewage water reach the discharged standard. In this paper, a new method combining fuzzy control technology with wastewater treatment control system is proposed to establish an automatic control system suitable for phosphates removal treatment. Based on experiment data and current experience, the membership function and fuzzy rules are set, and the fuzzy control technology is obtained with simulation analysis, and the efficient treatment of sewage water was realized. It can be seen from the results that the fuzzy control technology could be applied to the phosphate removal control system for treating sewage water, and the standard of stable, accurate and efficient sewage treatment has been realized.
Resilience and related factors as predictors of relapse risk in patients with substance use disorder: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yamashita Ayako , Yoshioka Shin-ichi , Yajima Yuki
Published: January 2021

Aim: Resilience is an essential concept in discussions of substance use disorder recovery, referring to the inherent ability to naturally recover in the face of adverse conditions. This study’s objective was to shed light on resilience and related factors that affect relapse risk in patients with SUDs.
Method : Fifty-two SUD patients were given a self-administrated questionnaire from February to April 2015, consisting of question items for sociodemographic characteristics, relapse risk (Stimulant Relapse Risk Scale), and resilience (Bidimensional Resilience Scale). Scale scores were tested for associations with subject attributes, after which resilience’s effects on relapse risk were analyzed using correlation and multiple regression (forced-entry) analyses.
Results : Stimulants were the most common drug of abuse (n = 26, 21.7%; multiple answers).
Reduced relapse risk was significantly associated with current employment (Std. β ＝-0.446, P < 0.05).
Conclusion : Our findings demonstrate the necessity of recovery support to enhance acquired resistance in SUD patients in order to prevent relapses. Reinforcing employment support services and encouraging patients to continue treatment were suggested as potentially effective measures to enhance resilience in individuals with SUDs on their road to recovery.
Comparisons of Comorbidities in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and Psoriatic Arthritis and their Influence on Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity: Results of a Multicentre Longitudinal Study
Authors: Montilla Carlos , ACOSTA MARIA ELISA , Gómez-Lechón Luis , Manzano Guadalupe , Toledano Esther , Compán Olga , Pastor Sonia , Hidalgo Cristina , Queiró Rubén
Published: January 2021

Objectives: To compare the presence of psycho-affective disorders and obesity-associated factors between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients and to corelate these comorbidities with PsA disease activity.Methods: This prospective observational longitudinal study included 216 PsA patients and 114 AS patients. Anxiety and depression were compared between both patient groups using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire. We compared the waist/hip ratio, body mass index (BMI) and laboratory variables including apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein A, the ApoB/ApoA ratio, peptide C, insulin, resistance to insulin (HOMA-IR) and leptin. PsA activity was evaluated by the Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) score every 4 months for a year. Patients were divided into two groups: those with moderate or high activity and those with low activity or remission. We compared anxiety-, depression- and obesity-related factors between these two groups.Results: There were no differences in baseline characteristics between AS and PsA patients. Among the studied factors, only serum leptin was significantly higher in PsA patients than in AS patients (18.49±19.01 vs 11.5±10.05, p<0.01). Initial serum leptin, obesity and depressive behaviour were poor prognostic factors for persistent low disease activity. The leptin level was correlated with the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score (R=0.21, p<0.01), VAS activity score (R=0.26, p<0.01), swollen joint count (SJC) (R=0.23, p<0.01) and tender joint count (TJC) (R=0.26, p<0.01).Conclusion: Obesity alone or concurrent with increased leptin secretion and depression may influence persistent PsA activity. Leptin levels differentiated PsA patients from AS patients.
Differential Diagnosis of β-Thalassemia Trait from Iron Deficiency Anemia: Application of Bayesian Decision Tree
Authors: Jahangiri Mina , Rahim Fakher , Saki Najmaldin , Malehi Amal Saki
Published: January 2021

Background: Several discriminating techniques have been proposed to discriminate between β‐thalassemia trait (βTT) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) so far. These discrimination techniques are important clinically, but they are challenging and normally difficult; so if a patient with IDA is diagnosed as βTT, then it is deprived of iron therapy. This study is the first application of the Bayesian tree-based method for differential diagnosis of βTT from IDA. Method: In this study, 907 patients were enrolled with the ages over 18-year-old with microcytic anemia. Bayesian Logit Treed (BLTREED) has been used to discriminate βTT from IDA. Results: Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was found as the main predictor in diagnostic discrimination. BLTREED model showed high sensitivity (96%), specificity (93%), accuracy (95%), Youden's index (89), as well as positive and negative predictive values in the differential diagnosis of βTT from IDA. Also, AUC revealed a more precise classification with an area under the curve value of 0.98.Conclusions: BLTREED model showed excellent diagnostic accuracy for differentiating βTT from IDA. In addition, understanding tree-based methods are easy and need not a statistical experience, so this advantage can help physicians in making the right clinical decision. Thus, we suggest the using of the BLTREED model as a powerful method in data mining techniques in order to develop sensitive and accurate diagnostic methods for for discriminating between these two anemia disorders.
Radiological influencing factors of the effectiveness of posterior cervical surgery for multilevel ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament
Authors: Li Cheng , Zhu Liang , Zha Guochun , Pang Yong , Zheng Xin , Zhang Xingchen , Yuan Feng , Jiang Weimin
Published: January 2021

Background

In patients with multilevel cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), whether radiological factors affect the efficacy of posterior cervical surgery and which posterior surgery is more suitable and better in patients with different imaging manifestations remain to be elucidated.
Methods

From January 2012 to January 2018, 141 patients with multi-segmental OPLL underwent posterior cervical surgery, including 73 cases of laminoplasty (LP group) and 68 cases of laminectomy with fusion (LF group). Clinical and radiological results were compared between the groups. Patients were followed up for at least 2 years.
Results

At the last follow-up, significant differences in neck disability index (NDI), cervical range of motion, and C2–C7 Cobb angle were found between the two groups (P < 0.05). In the cervical kyphosis, K-line-negative, and OPLL occupying ratio(OR) > 60% groups, the
LncRNA OIP5-AS1 targets miR-25-3p to accelerate intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Xu Jie , Zhang Zongyu , Che Zhaoping
Published: January 2021

Background

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been validated to exert vital roles in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, the effect of OIP5-AS1 on IDD is unknown. This research intends to explore the function of OIP5-AS1 in IDD.
Methods

RT-PCR was utilized to detect levels of OIP5-AS1, miR-25-3p, Collagen II and Aggrecan in IDD tissues and NPCs. Immunofluorescence assay measured Collagen II expression. CCK-8, EdU, and flow cytometry estimated the levels of proliferation and apoptosis. Collagen II and Aggrecan proteins were assessed via western blot. The binding affinity of OIP5-AS1 with miR-25-3p was investigated by luciferase reporter assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) dissected the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-1β.
Results

OIP5-AS1 was high expressed in IDD tissues and its expression gradually promoted with the increasing of Pfirrmann scores. The cell morphology of NPCs changed into spindle-shaped, and Collagen II expression was low. After OIP5-AS1 was silenced, cell proliferation was boosted whereas both apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation were restrained. In LPS-activated NPCs, OIP5-AS1 depletion also suppressed inflammation response. Further, miR-25-3p was a target of OIP5-AS1. The effects of OIP5-AS1 silence on proliferation, apoptosis and ECM degradation were reversed upon miR-25-3p downregulation. Moreover, the inhibitory impact of OIP5-AS1 knockdown on the inflammation of LPS-treated NPCs was rescued with miR-25-3p inference.
Conclusion

Totally, lncRNA OIP5-AS1 targeting miR-25-3p exerted promoting effects in IDD due to its high expression, implying the usage of OIP5-AS1/miR-25-3p as a novel regulatory axis for the molecular targets of IDD therapy.
End-tidal to arterial carbon dioxide gradient in traumatic brain injury after prehospital emergency anesthesia is associated with in-hospital mortality: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Doppmann Pascal , Meuli Lorenz , Sollid Stephen , Filipovic Miodrag , Knapp Jürgen , Exadaktylos Aristomenis , Albrecht Roland , Pietsch Urs
Published: January 2021

Background Early definitive airway protection and normoventilation are key principles in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury. These are currently guided by end tidal CO2 as a proxy for PaCO2. We assessed whether the difference between end tidal CO2 and PaCO2 at hospital admission is associated with in-hospital mortality.Method We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of consecutive patients with traumatic brain injury who were intubated and transported by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services to a Level 1 trauma center between January 2014 and December 2019. We assessed the association between the CO2 gap—defined as the difference between end tidal CO2 and PaCO2—and in-hospital mortality using multivariate logistic regression models.Results 105 patients were included in this study. The mean ±SD CO2 gap at admission was 1.64 (± 1.09) kPa and significantly greater in non-survivors than survivors (2.26 ±1.30 kPa vs. 1.42 ±0.92 kPa, p<.001). The correlation between EtCO2 and PaCO2 at admission was low (Pearson's r=.287). The mean CO2 gap after 24 hours was only 0.64 ±0.82 kPa, and no longer significantly different between non-survivors and survivors. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that the CO2 gap was independently associated with increased mortality in this cohort and associated with a 2.7-fold increased mortality for every 1 kPa increase in the CO2 gap (OR 2.692, 95% CI 1.293 to 5.646, p=.009).Conclusions This study demonstrates that the difference between EtCO2 and PaCO2 is significantly associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury. EtCO2 was significantly lower than PaCO2, making it an unreliable proxy for PaCO2 when aiming for normocapnic ventilation. The higher-than-expected CO2 gap will lead to iatrogenic hypoventilation when normocapnic ventilation is aimed at, and might thereby increase in-hospital mortality.
Bottom-Up and Top-Down Controls of Litter Decomposition Rates and N Dynamics in Arid Steppes.
Authors: Piazza Maria-Victoria , Oñatibia Gaston R. , Aguiar Martin R.
Published: January 2021

AimsArid ecosystem soil processes are strongly bottom-up controlled by resource scarcity. However, grazing intensification can induce changes through multiple pathways and spatio-temporal scales. For example, by changing litter quality and site environmental conditions. Our purpuse was to understand the relative importance of top-down and bottom-up controls of litter decomposition and N dynamics in the Patagonian grass-shrub steppes.MethodsWe performed three litterbag decomposition experiments to evaluate: i) the interactive effects of litter traits and site environmental conditions (grazed vs. exclosure communities) (reciprocal transplants in situ), ii) the net effect of litter traits in a common garden (ex situ), and iii) the net effect of site environmental conditions using a foreign common litter substrate (in situ). The study was performed on three pairs of sites with areas under a long-term exclosure (> 25 years) or under year-round sheep grazing. Local litter included main community species composition and was sorted by grass and shrubs material. ResultsGrazing exclusion did not significantly alter litter decomposition, either through changes in grass litter traits that control decomposition or through changes in the site environmental conditions. Nevertheless, N released during litter decomposition was 286% higher in exclosures than in grazing commumnities. The difference was associated to changes in the grass litter chemical quality. The effects were maintained when we integrated results from the entire litter community. Conclusion﻿Our study suggests that decomposition rates in arid steppes are mainly bottom-up determined, but top-down controls shaping grass litter traits importantly alter the flux of N during decomposition.
Risk factors of thrombosis in chinese subjects with acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Zhang Xueya , Guo Xizhe
Published: January 2021

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a kind of malignant hematologic disease. Thrombosis is a rare manifestation of APL. However, the risk factors of thrombosis related to chinese APL patients are not fully understood. Clinical and laboratory data of 44 consecutively chinese APL patients were collected and analyzed. 1 arterial and 6 venous thrombosis occurred in 44 patients, including 22 males and 22 females, with a median age of 44 years (range 18–74 years). The ratio of male and female gender (P = 0.68), age (P = 0.823), white blood cell count (P = 0.077), hemoglobin (P = 0.409), platelets (P = 0.334), disease risk stratification (P = 0.475), CD2 (P = 0.737), khorana score (P = 0.52), differentiation syndrome (DS) (P = 0.562) and gene mutation related to prognosis of APL, including DNMT3A (P = 0.44), TET2 (P = 0.43), IDH1 (P = 0.6), IDH2 (P = 0.66), NRAS (P = 0.66), ASXL1(P = 0.9) in the two groups with and without thrombosis were not statistically significant. The detection rate of PAI-1 genotype 4G4G was 71.4% (5/7) in 7 patients with thrombosis, while the detection rate of PAI-1 genotype 4G4G in 37 patients without thrombosis was 8.1% (3/37). The differences between the two groups in WT-1 (P = 0.01), PAI-1 4G4G (P = 0.0009), bcr3 (P = 0.027), CD15 (P = 0.005), and FLT3-ITD mutation (P = 0.0008) were statistically significant. The results suggested the PAI-1 gene 4G4G type, PML/RARa (bcr3), CD15, WT-1 and FLT3-ITD mutations excluding DNMT3A, TET2, IDH1/2, NRAS and ASXL1 are risk factors of thrombotic events in chinese APL patients.
Logical construction of the ionization energy theory and the origin of physical categories
Authors: Arulsamy Andrew Das
Published: January 2021

Logical proofs and definitions are developed to establish (1) that the energy-level spacings,for each chemical element (from the periodic table of chemical elements) can be converted to the ionization energies, (2) both and the ionization energies are unique, and (3) the averaged ionization energy of any quantum matter is proportional to the averaged ionization energy of its constituent chemical elements, if and only if 6= 0 and is not an irrelevant constant. Physical atoms are then constructed to define the physical sets such that these sets are members of a specific physical class where each class belongs to a specific physical category, P. However, there is not a single structure-preserving functor from one energy-level spacing physical category, P to another P′. Therefore, the existence of many P implies the existence of different categories of physical systems and quantum matter.
Pre–service and In-service primary teachers’ generic and subject-specific skills On Geometric understanding of symmetry: A case study
Authors: Mafakheri Shiva
Published: January 2021

According to the curricula all over the world symmetry plays an important role in the teaching geometry at primary levels. Geometry is one of topics that have the most problematic content knowledge for the prospective primary teachers. This paper studies the understanding of the symmetry of shapes among pre-service and in-service teachers to find out their visual perception of the geometric shapes symmetry and the symmetry axis. The aim is to create a symmetrical pattern with symmetry axis of the shapes. Evidence that only content-oriented professional development coursework taken by primary school math teachers appears effective, suggests that relatively more resources ought to be put into content focused training for teachers and that changes are warranted at the elementary level and in pedagogical in-service training generally. The primary teacher needs to be able to modify some proposed problems in order to get a richer mathematical activity, being aware of their mathematical benefits. It should be part of growing the capacity of analyzing didactically the mathematics activity.
Abiotic nanofluidic environments induce prebiotic condensation in water
Authors: Herrera A. Greiner de , Markert T. , Trixler F.
Published: January 2021

A long-standing, central problem in the research on the chemical evolution towards the origin of life is the so-called “water paradox”: Despite life depends on liquid water, key biochemical reactions such as nucleotide condensation are inhibited by it. Current hypotheses addressing this paradox have low prebiotic plausibility when taking the conservative nature of evolution into account. We report spontaneous, abiotic RNA synthesis in water driven by nanofluidic effects in temporal nanoconfinements of aqueous particle suspensions. Our findings provide a solution of the water paradox in a multifaceted way: abiotic, temporal nanofluidic environments allow prebiotic condensation reaction pathways in water under stable, moderate conditions, emerge in suspensions as a geologically ubiquitous and thus prebiotic highly plausible environment and are consistent with evolutionary conservatism as living cells also work with temporal nanoconfined water.
IoT-Sphere: A Framework To Secure IoT Devices From Becoming Attack Target And Attack Source
Authors: Abbas Syed Ghazanfar , Husnain Muhammad , Fayyaz Ubaid Ullah , Shahzad Farrukh , Shah Ghalib A. , Zafar Kashif
Published: January 2021

In this research we propose a framework that will strengthen the IoT devices security from dual perspectives; avoid devices to become attack target as well as a source of an attack. Unlike traditional devices, IoT devices are equipped with insufficient host-based defense system and a continuous internet connection. All time internet enabled devices with insufficient security allures the attackers to use such devices and carry out their attacks on rest of internet. When plethora of vulnerable devices become source of an attack, intensity of such attacks increases exponentially. Mirai was one of the first well-known attack that exploited large number of vulnerable IoT devices, that bring down a large part of Internet. To strengthen the IoT devices from dual security perspective, we propose a two step framework. Firstly, confine the communication boundary of IoT devices; IoT-Sphere. A sphere of IPs that are allowed to communicate with a device. Any communication that violates the sphere will be blocked at the gateway level. Secondly, only allowed communication will be evaluated for potential attacks and anomalies using advance detection engines. To show the effectiveness of our proposed framework, we perform couple of attacks on IoT devices; camera and google home and show the feasibility of IoT-Sphere.
Predictive Factors for Post-Operative Tracheostomy Requirement in Children Undergoing Surgical Resection of Medulloblastoma
Authors: Masoudi Mohammad Sadegh , Zoghi Sina , Taheri Reza
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignancy. Postoperative respiratory failure is an important complication in post-operative recovery of patients undergoing medulloblastoma resection. We aimed to identify factors predicting tracheostomy requirement in children post-operatively.Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients under 18 undergoing medulloblastoma resection from 2012 to 2020 at Namazi hospital was conducted.Results: 45 patients (26%) needed tracheostomy after the operation. The most common indications were brainstem compression and absence of gag reflex prior to operation. Patients who had brainstem compression and infiltration by medulloblastoma, bilateral absence of gag reflex prior to operation, subtotal resection of tumor, and post-operative brainstem contusion were more likely to require tracheostomy. No statistically significant difference was observed between males and females and different ages. Conclusion: The results show that if we prevent the invasion of the brainstem by the tumor and resect the tumors totally and accurately, tracheostomy, a highly costly and stressful post-operative complication can be prevented.
A new species of pygmy Paroctopus (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae): the smallest southwestern Atlantic octopod, found in sea debris
Authors: Leite Tatiana S. , Vidal Erica A.G. , Lima Françoise Dantas , Lima Sergio M.Q. , Dias Ricardo M , Giuberti Giulia A. , De Vasconcellos Davi , Mather Jennifer A. , Haimovici Manuel
Published: January 2021

The new species, Paroctopus cthulu sp. nov. Leite, Haimovici, Lima and Lima, was recorded from very shallow coastal waters on sandy/muddy and shelter-poor bottoms with natural and human-origin debris. It is a small octopus, adults are less than 35 mm mantle length (ML) and weigh around 15 g. It has short to medium sized arms, enlarged suckers on the arms of both males and females, large posterior salivary glands (25 %ML), a relatively large beak (9 % ML) and medium to large mature eggs (3.5 to > 9 mm). The characteristics of hatchlings of two brooding females, some of their anatomical features, and in-situ observations of their behaviour are a clue to the life history of it and closely related pygmy octopuses. The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis showed that Paroctopus cthulu sp.nov. specimens grouped in a well-supported clade of Paroctopus species, separate from P.joubini and P. cf mercatoris from the Northwestern Atlantic . The description of this new species, living in a novel habitat of human debris in shallow water off Brazil, offered an opportunity not only to evaluate the relationship among the small octopuses of the western Atlantic, Caribbean and eastern Pacific, but also their adaptation to the Anthropocene period.
Treatment Procedures for Calcified Coronary Artery Lesions: A Juxtaposing Review of Intravascular Lithotripsy and Rotational Atherectomy
Authors: Wulandari Prima Hapsari
Published: January 2021

The calcium content in the coronary artery is one of the most important factors that influence coronary events. High calcium levels lead to excessive calcification in coronary vessels and are more difficult to treat with percutaneous intervention (PCI). Treatment for complex lesions is performed by intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) system consisting of balloon catheters within which electrical energy is being transformed into mechanical energy. IVL technology discharges soundwaves that transmit to the neighbouring tissue leading to improvement in vascular compliance and the destruction of both superficial and visceral calcium deposits. Consequently, coronary artery calcification (CAC) treatment becomes more effective, more practical, and plays a role in reducing lesion complexity. Types of lesions studied for the IVL system comprise of calcified coronary arteries and peripheral vascular lesions. This article evaluates the role of the IVL system in treating coronary arteries calcification, its benefits, and drawbacks compared to other techniques. According to clinical trials in intravascular lithotripsy and rotational atherectomy, the former was deemed more secure, primarily by reducing the risk of embolization by atheroma. Interpreting the studies included in this review, IVL appears to have superior results in acute lumen gain, success rate, and improvement in stenosis residue, while rotational atherectomy (RA) delivers lesser in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and provides better approach in the presence of lesion crossings. Additional extensive researches and clinical data are needed to substantiate the efficiency and safety of IVL technology.
Incident gout and weight change patterns: a retrospective cohort study of US adults
Authors: Bai Lu , ZHOU JIANBO , Zhou Tao , Newson Roger B , Cardoso Marly Augusto
Published: January 2021

BackgroundAlthough the relationship between obesity and incident gout has been clarified, the influence of weight changes during the transition from early adulthood to midlife and the different weight change patterns in specific age ranges on the incidence of gout in later life remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between weight change patterns across adulthood and incident gout. MethodsUsing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we categorized individuals into four weight change patterns: those who remained obese (stable obese), those who moved from a non-obese body mass index (BMI) to an obese BMI (gaining), those who moved from an obese BMI to a non-obese BMI (losing), and those who remained non-obese (stable non-obese). Incident gout reflected its occurrence over the 10-year follow-up from the recalled midlife weight measure to the time of this survey. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals relating weight change patterns to incident gout over the 10-year follow-up period were calculated using Cox models adjusted for covariates. The hypothetical population attributable fraction (PAF) for the weight change patterns was calculated.ResultsAmong our sample of adults aged 40–74 years at their midlife weight measure (n=11079), 320 developed gout. The highest risk of incident gout was found for participants with the stable obese pattern (HR 1.84; 1.08–3.14) and not for participants who remained stable non-obese during adulthood. Moreover, gaining weight was a significant risk factor for incident gout (HR 1.65; 1.19–2.29). No significant associations were found between losing weight change patterns and the risk of gout during the study period. If participants who gained weight had become non-obese during the 10-year follow-up, an estimated 3.2% (95% CI: 0–6.3) of observed gout cases could have been averted. In addition, if the population had maintained a normal BMI, 32.9% (95% CI: 18.2–44.9) cases could have been prevented during the 10 years.ConclusionsGaining weight over adulthood was associated with an increased risk of gout. These findings have highlighted that maintaining non-obese weight and weight loss across adulthood is essential for the prevention and treatment of gout in adult life.
Examining Supports and Barriers to Breastfeeding through a Socio-Ecological Lens: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Snyder Kailey , Hulse Emily , Dingman Holly , Cantrell Angie , Hanson Corrine , Dinkel Danae
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Early breastfeeding cessation is a societal concern given the massive benefits associated with breastfeeding for mother and child. More effective interventions are needed to increase breastfeeding duration. Prior to developing such interventions more research is needed to examine breastfeeding supports and barriers from the perspective of breastfeeding stakeholders. One such framework that can be utilized is the Socio-Ecological Model which stems from Urie Broffenbrenner’s early theoretical frameworks (1973-1979). The purpose of this study was to examine supports and barriers to breastfeeding across environmental systems. METHODS: A total of 49 representatives participated in a telephonic interview. Interviewees represented various levels of the model based on their current breastfeeding experience (i.e., mother or significant other) or occupation. A direct content analysis was performed as well as a constant comparative analysis to determine differences between level representatives. RESULTS: Common supports identified by all interviewees were in-hospital breastfeeding education (organizational level) and the existence of breastfeeding protection legislation (policy level). Barriers identified by all interviewees included a lack of support (interpersonal level), lack of hospital resources (organizational level) and lack of specificity within the existing breastfeeding protection legislation (policy level). Other identified supports and barriers varied by representatives for each level of the model. CONCLUSION: Future efforts should target multiple levels of the SEM to eliminate the disparities between breastfeeding mothers’ perceptions and the stakeholders working to increase breastfeeding initiation and duration rate.
alte Wallonen-Eiche von Tricase oder „Die Eiche der hundert Ritter“
Authors: Kamm Katharina
Published: January 2021

„La quercia dei cento Cavalieri“ ist eine mehrere hundert Jahre alte Wallonen-Eiche (Quercus ithaburensis ssp. macrolepis). Sie wächst in Apulien, viele Sagen ranken sich um diesen eindrucksvollen alten Baum. Die Wallonen-Eiche kommt über den Balkan bis in die Türkei vor. Auffällig ist ihre große, schuppige Cupula. Diese Eichen-Art gedeiht auch im Palmengarten.
Schmetterlingsvielfalt aus dem Schmuckkästchen
Authors: Steinecke Hilke
Published: January 2021

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Occupational hazards at the Irkutsk region oil and gas production facilities
Authors: Timofeeva S. S. , Popova N. A.
Published: January 2021

The oil and gas industry belongs to the high risk activity. Today, the enterprises engaged in this field including oil and gas production facilities implement a risk-based approach, which involves the identification of risk criteria and risk categories, timely reassessment of risks based on updated and formed normative legal documents. In this regard, the purpose of this research is the analysis of the management system of occupational hazards and measures to minimize them using innovations and innovative solutions at the oil and gas production facilities in the Irkutsk region of the Russian Federation. The object of the study is working conditions and occupational hazards at the oil and gas production facilities of two leading oil companies of the Irkutsk region: they are the Irkutsk branch of Gazprom Bureniye LLC and the Irkutsk branch of RN-Bureniye LLC. As a result possible reasons for the discrepancy between the physical factors of the working environment of oil industry workers when pеrforming works on oil rigs are analyzed. Professional risks having been assessed, a register of high-risk professions and hazardous areas of technological processes under the operation of oil and gas drilling rigs has been compiled. The professions studied in this paper are classified as high-risk and medium-risk ones. It is found out that the negative effects of moving machines and mechanisms, general vibration, local vibration, noise, low air temperatures in winter are unacceptable. To minimize unacceptable risks, it is proposed to introduce a low-cost technology for visualizing hazardous areas on a drilling rig with the installation of proven innovative safety barriers in addition to the related training of employees.
Symmetries of the black hole interior and singularity regularization
Authors: Geiller Marc , Livine Etera R. , Sartini Francesco
Published: January 2021

We reveal an \mathfrak{iso}(2,1)𝔦𝔰𝔬(2,1)
Poincar'e algebra of conserved charges associated with the dynamics of
the interior of black holes. The action of these Noether charges
integrates to a symmetry of the gravitational system under the Poincar'e
group ISO(2,1)(2,1),
which allows to describe the evolution of the geometry inside the black
hole in terms of geodesics and horocycles of
AdS{}_22.
At the Lagrangian level, this symmetry corresponds to M"obius
transformations of the proper time together with translations.
Remarkably, this is a physical symmetry changing the state of the
system, which also naturally forms a subgroup of the much larger
\textrm{BMS}_{3}=\textrm{Diff}(S^1)\ltimes\textrm{Vect}(S^1)BMS3=Diff(S1)⋉Vect(S1)
group, where S^1S1
is the compactified time axis. It is intriguing to discover this
structure for the black hole interior, and this hints at a fundamental
role of BMS symmetry for black hole physics. The existence of this
symmetry provides a powerful criterion to discriminate between different
regularization and quantization schemes. Following loop quantum
cosmology, we identify a regularized set of variables and Hamiltonian
for the black hole interior, which allows to resolve the singularity in
a black-to-white hole transition while preserving the Poincar'e symmetry
on phase space. This unravels new aspects of symmetry for black holes,
and opens the way towards a rigorous group quantization of the
interior.
Marketing impact on consumer behavior innovative products in the digitalization of the economy
Authors: Веселовский М.Я. , Погодина Т.В.
Published: January 2021

Цель исследования заключается в выявлении тенденций и эффектов коммуникации на основе анализа маркетинговых подходов воздействия на поведение потребителей. В процессе исследования использовались исторический, логический и динамический методы. Исследование ориентировано на российский рынок. Результаты исследования заключаются в выявлении эффектов, особенностей и факторов маркетингового воздействия на поведение потребителей инновационных товаров и услуг. Исследована эволюция маркетинговых коммуникаций, заключающаяся в постепенном переходе от информирования потребителей, к диалогу и затем к долгосрочному взаимодействию с потребителем инновационных и цифровых товаров. Также выявлено влияние трансформации структуры поведения на эффективность и реализуемость маркетинга воздействия на потребителя в условиях цифровизации экономики.

The purpose of the study is to identify trends and effects of communication based on the analysis of marketing outcomes impact on consumer behavior. The study used historical, logical and dynamic methods. The research is focused on the Russian market. The results of the study are to identify three aspects of the role of marketing communications in the formation of consumer behavior: cognitive (information), emotional, behavioral. The predominant influence of the behavioral aspect based on the emotional perception of the consumer addressed to him communication and stimulating the purchase innovative products. The influence of the transformation of the structure of behavior on the effectiveness and feasibility of marketing impact on the consumer in the conditions of digitalization of the economy is also revealed.
Optimization models in project management through operating CASH FLOWS
Authors: Филимонова Л.А. , Скворцова Н.К
Published: January 2021

В статье описаны результаты исследования методических и теоретических подходов к оценке денежного потока и причинно-следственных связей, определяющих направление и интенсивность его движения применительно к особенностям строительного бизнеса. Дано теоретическое обоснование научной целесообразности применения маржинального анализа (CVP-анализа (CastValueProfit - затраты, объем, прибыль)) в рамках системы учета «директ-костинг» (DirectCosting), как самого эффективного способа моделирования возможных ситуации в управлении проектами, способствующего предупреждению финансовых трудностей предприятия в условиях риска и неопределенности ситуации на подрядном рынке.

The article describes the results of the study of methodical and theoretical approaches to the assessment of cash flow and cause-and-effect relationships, determining the direction and intensity of its movement in relation to the features of the construction business. The theoretical justification for the scientific feasibility of using margin analysis (CVP analysis (CastValue - costs, volume, profit) under the DirectCosting accounting system is the most effective way of modeling possible situation in the management of construction business projects, which helps to prevent the financial difficulties of the company in the face of risk and uncertainty of the situation in the contracting market.
Statistics of economic security of the Moscow region: debt of organizations on budget payments
Authors: Дианов Д.В. , Борщенко А.И.
Published: January 2021

Региональная экономическая безопасность по-прежнему определяется не желаемыми параметрами, характеризующими степень защищённости развитой экономической системы от возможных угроз и факторов дестабилизации, а тем, насколько финансовая система, все её звенья, способны обеспечить функционирование хозяйства вообще, и поддержать уровень жизни населения в рамках, не ниже определенных числовых значений. Таким образом, речь идёт о государственных финансах, которые напрямую зависят от финансов организаций. Иными словами, речь идёт о качестве бюджетных отношений. В научной статье рассматривается и даётся количественная оценка влияния факторов на важнейший показатель региональной экономической безопасности, связанный с несвоевременным выполнением налогоплательщиками обязательств перед бюджетной системой. Для этого в работе применены наукоемкие методы математической статистики.

Regional economic security is still not determined the desired parameters, characterizing the degree of protection for the developed economic system from possible threats and destabilizing factors, and how the financial system, all its links are able to ensure the functioning of the economy in General, and to maintain the standard of living of the population within, not below certain numerical values. Thus, we are talking about public finances, which are directly dependent on the finances of organizations. In other words, we are talking about the quality of budget relations. The article evaluates and models the influence of factors on the most important regional indicator of late payments and payments of institutional units to the regional budget. For this purpose, the work uses science-intensive methods of mathematical statistics.
Prospects for the development of higher education in the digitalization of the Russian economy
Authors: Докукина Е.В.
Published: January 2021

В данной статье рассматриваются перспективные направления развития высших учебных заведений России в условиях цифровизации. Автором делается вывод о том, что цифровизация оказывает непосредственное влияние на процессы обучения и организации преподавательской деятельности в высших учебных заведениях. Реализация наиболее перспективных направлений способна повысить конкурентоспособность российских высших учебных заведений в новых условиях.

This article discusses promising areas of development of higher education institutions in Russia in the context of digitalization. The author concludes that digitalization has a direct impact on the learning process and the organization of teaching in higher education. The implementation of the most promising areas can increase the competitiveness of Russian higher education institutions in the new conditions.
Corporate accelerator as a new component of the innovative potential and innovative activity of the enterprise in the digital economy
Authors: Зайцев И.А.
Published: January 2021

В статье подробно разбирается случай использования корпоративного акселератора для привлечения идей на предприятие. Описаны предпосылки создания инструмента, цель, которую преследует корпорация, а также эффект, который может быть достигнут в результате. Рассмотрена способность предприятия запустить корпоративный акселератор, то есть рассмотрена его связь с инновационным потенциалом предприятия. Также акселератор рассмотрен как составляющая часть инновативности предприятия

The article discusses the case of using a corporate accelerator to attract ideas to the enterprise. It describes the prerequisites for creating the tool, the goal that the corporation pursues, as well as the effect that can be achieved as a result. The ability of the enterprise to launch a corporate accelerator is considered, that is, its relationship with the innovative potential of the enterprise is considered. The accelerator is also considered as an integral part of the innovativeness of the enterprise.