bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Fusion Context-aware Semi-supervised Recommendation Method
Authors: Pham Soren , Kamen Arne , P Alarcón Jeffrey , Hachulla Yehuda
Published: August 2022

The advent of the era of big data will bring more convenience to people and greater development to society. But at the same time, it will also bring people the problem of 'information overload', i.e., when people are faced with huge information data, there are many redundant and worthless data. The redundant and worthless data information seriously interferes with the accurate selection of information data. Even though people can use Internet search engines to access information data, they cannot meet the individual needs of specific users in specific contexts. The personalized needs of a particular user in a particular context. Therefore, how to find useful and valuable information quickly has become one of the key issues in the development of big data. With the advent of the era of big data, recommendation systems, as an important technology to alleviate information overload, have been widely used in the field of e-commerce. Recommender systems suffer from a key problem: data sparsity. The sparsity of user history rating data causes insufficient training of collaborative filtering recommendation models, which leads to a significant decrease in the accuracy of recommendations. In fact, traditional recommendation systems tend to focus on scoring information and ignore the contextual context in which users interact. There are various contextual modal information in people's real life, which also plays an important role in the recommendation process. In this paper we achieve data degradation and feature extraction, solving the problem of sparse data in the recommendation process. An interaction context-aware sub-model is constructed based on a tensor decomposition model with interaction context information to model the specific influence of interaction context in the recommendation process. Then an attribute context-aware sub-model is constructed based on the matrix decomposition model and using attribute context information to model the influence of user attribute contexts and item attribute contexts on recommendations. In the process of building the model, the method not only utilizes the explicit feedback rating information of users in the original dataset, but also utilizes the interaction context and attribute context information of the implicit feedback and the unlabeled rating data. We evaluate our model by extensive experiments. The results illustrate the effectiveness of our recommender model.
An Almost Unlimited Energy Source Potentially Hidden behind the "Weak” Gravity Force
Authors: Haraux Alain
Published: August 2022

Although the gravitational force is well known for its extremely weak value in the framework of ordinary macroscopic objects at our scale, the generally discredited framework of pushing gravity might lead us to discover a huge source of energy which is mostly lost during the action of the gravific force due to the large distances between nucleons compared with the size of atoms. In case this energy is identified and partially diverted from its role in gravity, we would benefit from a gigantic reservoir of energy reminiscent of Nikola Tesla's dream of a free unlimited energy source .
Deflection Angle and Shadow of the Reissner-Nordström Black Hole with Higher-Order Magnetic Correction in Einstein-Nonlinear-Maxwell Fields
Authors: Kumaran Yashmitha , Övgün Ali
Published: August 2022

Nonlinear electrodynamics is known as the generalizations of Maxwell electrodynamics at strong fields and presents interesting features such as curing the classical divergences present in the linear theory when coupled to general relativity. In this paper, we consider the asymptotically flat Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole solution with higher-order magnetic correction in Einstein-nonlinear-Maxwell fields. We study the effect of the magnetic charge parameters on the black hole, viz. weak deflection angle of photons and massive particles using Gauss-bonnet theorem. Moreover, we apply the Keeton-Petters formalism to confirm our results of the weak deflection angle. Apart from vacuum, their influence in the presence of different media such as plasma and dark matter are probed as well. Finally, We examine the black hole shadow cast using the null-geodesics method and investigate its spherically in-falling thin accretion disk. Our inferences show how the magnetic charge parameter $p$ affects the other physical quantities; so, we impose some constraints on this parameter using the observations from the Event Horizon Telescope.
Status and Countermeasures of English Normal Students’ Teaching Practice Ability Based on Core Competence: A University Level Case Study
Authors: Xiaoxue Li , Huiying Zhang , Ting Yan , Yongzhen Li , Kui Wan
Published: August 2022

Teaching practice ability is the external manifestation of the professional development of English teachers and it is the essential element of improving the quality of teachers. English normal students are an important source of basic English education in China, so it is of great importance to cultivating English normal students' teaching practice ability. In this study, the literature research method and questionnaire survey method were used to study the current situation of the teaching practice ability of English normal students at Yangtze University. It can be found that students with a more thorough understanding of the core competence have stronger teaching practice ability, which shows that core competence is an important theoretical support to improve the teaching practice ability of students. Finally, 3 strategies are proposed to promote students’ teaching practice ability, (1) Imperceptibly affecting,　and strengthening teachers’ emotions and beliefs, (2) Improving the level of teachers and building a team of university teachers with core competence, and (3) Optimizing the structure of practical courses.
Effects of the coupling between slope morphology and bottom currents on flow erosion and sedimentation at the Dongsha Continental Margin, South China Sea
Authors: Wang Hairong , Yu Chengqian , Huo Zhipeng , Gao Hongfang , Jiang Wen
Published: August 2022

The Dongsha Continental Margin (DCM) projects seaward and is situated in the path of bottom currents coming through the only deep-water exchange passage, the Luzon Strait between the South China Sea (SCS) and the western Pacific Ocean. This provides an opportunity to observe the different interaction between the two wings of the convex margin and the bottom currents, and help understand the corresponding implications for provenance, debris transportation, and sedimentation in such an environment. The convexity of the DCM causes its eastern flank to shrink against upcoming bottom currents and internal solitary waves (ISWs), producing a funneling effect and forming strong erosion grooves or strips, remnant seamounts, and large seafloor coarse debris dunes. The concavity of the western flank induces the expansion of bottom currents that flow around the plateau, resulting in a depositional zone with weak erosion that mainly interacts with bottom currents and gravity flow. The strong erosion on the DCM caused by the bottom current forms the primary provenance of the deep-water environment, while the nepheloid layer that entraps the fine debris of the gravity flow that derives from Taiwan and that is transported by the bottom current is the secondary provenance. The different coupling patterns between the bottom currents and the two flanks determine the different modes of debris transportation and deposition. Debris eroded by the currents is mainly transported by the gravity flow on the eastern flank while sweeping of the outer shelf and upper slope by eddy currents, progradation of the gravity flow, and reworking by the bottom current mainly occur on the western flank. Two types of morphological breaks, namely, continental slope break and bottom-current slope break, have developed on the DCM. They control the evolution of the flow regime of the multi-layer bottom currents and the gravity flow of the DCM as well as the effects of erosion and deposition. These two types of slope breaks are coupled and form an area in front of Dongsha Island with the highest deposition rate in the SCS.
A Combined Thermal Spallation and Melting Technology by Plasma Jet for Deep and Hard Rock Reservoirs
Authors: Sun Qiang , Liu Yonghong , Shen Zhiping , Han Yancong , Wang Qingxiang , Liu Peng
Published: August 2022

With the increasing demand for oil, gas, and geothermal resources worldwide, the efficient and economical construction of wells in deep and hard rocks has become very important, but conventional mechanical drilling technology cannot achieve this. In this paper, a new noncontact combined thermal spallation and melting technology by plasma jet is proposed. This technology can excavate rock materials by disintegrating brittle rocks into small fragments and melting plastic rock. Especially for hard granite, this method exhibits high rock removal efficiency with low specific energy. Furthermore, the plasma bit is not in contact with the rock, thus avoiding bit wear. A thermal spallation and melting experiment system is established, and laboratory tests are conducted. The influence of plasma current, plasma gas flow rate, confining pressure, and the types of rock-on-rock removal efficiency and specific energy are also researched. Results show that this novel technology can efficiently remove hard rocks, and hard granite is more likely to be removed under confining pressure than under the absence of confining pressure, indicating the feasibility of accessing geothermal, oil, and gas resources from deep and hard rock formations.
Effect of a positive cumulative fluid balance on the prognosis of patients with sepsis in the Xining area
Authors: Ma Si-Qing , Wang Yun , Sun Bin , Wang Hao , Xu Xue-Xia , Yin Zhi-ying , Luo Junming
Published: August 2022

Background: The aim of this work is to analyze the effect of a positive cumulative fluid balance and relative clinical indicators on the prognosis of patients with sepsis in the Xining area, China.Methods: The clinical data of 480 sepsis patients (313 males and 167 females, aged 52–77 (65) years) admitted between January 2017 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The APACHE II score, SOFA score, SIRS score and clinical laboratory test indicators of the patients were collected. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of each indicator in predicting the poor prognosis of patients with sepsis, and the maximum Youden index was used to determine threshold values. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess patient prognosis using data from patients with different fluid balances. Results: The following clinical indicators were significantly different between the 2 groups (P<0.05): APACHE II score, SOFA score, SIRS score, PCT, IL-6, BNP, CRP, PLT, BUN, CREA, Lac and total fluid balance from days 1 to 5. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for total fluid balance from days 1 to 5 was 0.558, the cut-off value was 2120.5 mL, the sensitivity was 54.0%, and the specificity was 58.1%. The survival rates were different between the 2 groups (60.9% vs 48.9%, P<0.05). Total fluid balance was significantly higher in patients with septic shock and with Lac>2.0 mmol/L (P<0.05). Cox regression analysis indicated that APACHE II score, SOFA score, PLT score, Lac, and total fluid balance from days 1 to 5 were independent risk factors for poor prognosis.Conclusion: A positive fluid balance from days 1 to 5 after ICU admission was associated with poor patient outcomes and was an independent risk factor for poor patient prognosis.
Purification and enzymatic properties of a new thermostable endoglucanase from Aspergillus oryzae HML366
Authors: Qin Yongling , Qin Baoshan , Zhang Jian , Fu Yue , Li Qiqian , Luo Fengfeng , Luo Yanmei , He Haiyan
Published: August 2022

Aspergillus oryzae HML366 is a newly screened cellulase-producing strain. The endoglucanase HML ED1 from A. oryzae HML366 was quickly purified by two-step method ammonium sulfate precipitation and strong anion exchange column. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis indicated that the molecular weight of the enzyme was 68 kDa. The optimum temperature of the purified endoglucanase was 60 ℃ and the enzyme activity was stable below 70 ℃. The optimum pH was 6.5, and the enzyme activity was stable at pH between 4.5 to 9.0. The analysis indicated that additional Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Zn2+ reduced the catalytic ability of enzyme to the substrate, but Mn2+ enhanced its catalytic ability to the substrate.The Km and Vmax of the purified endoglucanase was 8.75 mg/mL and 60.24 μmol/min·mg, respectively. In this study, we for the first time reported that A. oryzae HML366 can produce a heat-resistant and wide pH tolerant endoglucanase HML ED1, which has potential industrial application value in bioethanol, paper, food, textile, detergent and pharmaceutical industries.
STL decomposition based LSTM model for seasonal agricultural price forecasting
Authors: JAISWAL RONIT , JHA GIRISH KUMAR , CHOUDHARY KAPIL , KUMAR RAJEEV RANJAN
Published: August 2022

In this study, we integrated a decomposition technique viz. seasonal trend decomposition procedure based on loess (STL) with an efficient recurrent neural network-based forecasting technique, i.e. long short-term memory (LSTM) and developed an ensemble hybrid model called STL-LSTM for a non-stationary, nonlinear and seasonal agricultural price series. First, the STL technique is used to decompose the original price series into the seasonal, trend and remainder components. Then, an LSTM network with a single hidden layer is constructed to forecast these components individually. Finally, the prediction results of all components are aggregated to formulate an ensemble output for the original agricultural price series. The hybrid model captures the temporal patterns of a complex time series effectively through analysis of the simple decomposed components. The study further compared the price forecasting ability of the developed STL-LSTM model with the other potential models using monthly price series of potato for two major markets of India. The empirical results demonstrated the superiority of the developed hybrid model over the other models in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Moreover, the accuracy of the forecasts obtained by all the models is also evaluated using the Diebold-Mariano test. All criteria show that the STL-LSTM based model has a clear advantage over the other models.
Vascular Remodelling After Anti-vegf Treatment in Patients With Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Kirkova Radina , Murgova Snejana , Tanev Ivan
Published: August 2022

Background:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive, degenerative disease of the central retina. AMD is subdivided into “dry” (atrophic), “wet” (exudative) and neovascular (nAMD) forms. In recent years, the concepts about nAMD changed with the development of optic coherence tomography – angiography (OCT-A) and intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment. The aim of this study is to define the morphologic type of the neovascular membrane (NVM) before treatment with OCT-A and to register vascular remodeling after treatment with anti-VEGF. We also analyzed the relationship between NVM and visual acuity.Methods:The study is retrospective and includes 119 patients, with newly diagnosed, treatment naïve nAMD. All the patients underwent full ophthalmic examination and also fluorescine angiography and optic coherence tomography – angiography (OCT-A). Results:Based on the collected data, we found repetitive regularities.Conclusion:The analysis of our results could be used as prognostic markers for the evolution of the disease and as a basis for new treatment strategies, depending on the naïve NVM morphologic type.
Phenobarbital is Associated with Cholestasis in Low Birth Weight Infants with Hemo-dynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: Shen Xintian , Huang Yie , Peng Haibo , Zhou Ping , Hung-Chih Lin
Published: August 2022

Objectives
This retrospective study aimed to assess whether phenobarbital was associated with cholestasis in low birth weight (LBW) infants with hemo-dynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA).
Methods
This study included 148 LBW infants (24 ~ 34 weeks, birth weight < 2000 g) diagnosed with hsPDA, admitted to a level III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from September 2016 to September 2019. Of the 148 infants, twenty infants were diagnosed with cholestasis. To assess the independent association with cholestasis or direct bilirubin, binary logistic or multivariable linear regression was done, adjusting for major confounders (birth weight, gestational age, critical risk index for babies, invasive mechanical ventilation, any sepsis onset in 28 days and etc).
Result
Binary logistic regression analysis was done adjusting for 12 related confounders. The “delay of full enteral feeding” was still associated with “duration of phenobarbital” (DOP) (OR: 1.571; P = 0.015) or “duration of phenobarbital before cholestasis onset” (DOPBCO) (OR: 1.662; P = 0.014). Cholestasis was still associated with “DOP” (OR: 1.553; P = 0.005) or “DOPBCO” (OR: 1.353; P = 0.088). “High direct bilirubin peak” (> 1.5 mg/dl) was still associated with “DOP” (OR: 1.686; P = 0.003) or “DOPBCO” (OR: 1.511; P = 0.021). Multivariate linear regression revealed that “persist time of cholestasis” was associated with “DOB” (B: 2.254; P = 0.050) after adjustment of “delay of full enteral feeding”.
Conclusion
This study found that phenobarbital was associated with neonatal cholestasis in LBW infants with hsPDA. Phenobarbital should be used cautiously in this population.
[68Ga]Ga-Prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT in ovarian tumours: potential to differentiate benign and malignant tumours before surgery. A preliminary report
Authors: Kunikowska Jolanta , Bizoń Magdalena , Pełka Kacper , Derlatka Paweł , Olszewski Maciej , Królicki Leszek
Published: August 2022

Purpose Ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed in an advanced stage of disease due to the absence of specific symptoms and a lack of sensitive diagnostic methods. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed on prostate cancer cells, but can be found in other tumours such as ovarian cancer. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of using [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in detection of ovarian neoplasm before surgical treatment.Material and methods: Eight women with mean age of 56.0±16.2 years were included in the study. All patients underwent transvaginal ultrasound followed by CT scan of the chest and abdomen as qualification for surgery. Within a 1-week interval, PET/CT was performed on a Siemens Biograph scanner, 60 min after injection of 2 MBq/kg [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11.Results: In three cases (37.5%) the [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT was positive, whereas histological examination confirmed two serous ovarian cancer cases and one ovarian borderline tumour. The SUVmax in the serous ovarian cancer was 8.7 and 4.1, and in the borderline ovarian tumour it was 13.8. No correlation was found between antigen CA 125 level and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA expression. Range of tumour SUVmax was not correlated with stage of disease. The remaining 62.5% (5/8) were negative in [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and histopathology confirmed benign pelvic tumour.Conclusion The initial experience supports the potential to use [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 in ovarian cancer to differentiate malignant and benign tumours before surgery. This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Medical University of Warsaw (KB/2/A/2018).
Fuzzy based Secured OTMRP Protocol for Video Transmission in Wireless Mesh Networks
Authors: Loret shajilin , Kumar T. Ganesh
Published: August 2022

In multimedia wireless networks Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have emerged as a key technology to meet the challenges. Mostly the WMN are multi-hop in nature and the routing protocols must be robust against both dynamically changing topology and malevolent attacks for achieving availability. In WMN, Security is one of the primary concerns and several secure routing protocols have been proposed to address the security vulnerabilities but still there exist problems. In order to overcome this, an Optimal Trusted Multipath Routing Protocol (OTMRP) using Fuzzy is proposed which improves the security in path selection by integrating both direct as well as indirect trust in WMNs. The Simulation results show that OTMRP outperforms well than other similar trust models by considering the various parameters such as Average throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio, Energy consumption, and Trust value computation.
Association between the uric acid to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and alanine transaminase in Chinese short stature children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Guangxin , Zhao Qianqian , Zhang Xinran , Ban Bo , Zhang Mei
Published: August 2022

Objective
This research aimed to investigate the relationship between the uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in children and adolescents with short stature.
Methods
In this cross-sectional analysis, the clinical data of 1510 children with height below − 2 SD who were evaluated at the Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from March 1, 2013, to December 31, 2021, were selected. Anthropometric and biochemical indicators were measured.The relationship between UHR and ALT was analysed.
Results
The univariate analysis results showed that UHR was positively associated with ALT (β 0.43, P < 0.0001). Furthermore, after adjusting for possible confounding factors,a nonlinear relationship was detected between UHR and ALT through smooth curve fitting, and the inflection point of UHR was 10.93% after multivariate piecewise linear regression analysis. ALT increased with UHR elevation when the UHR was greater than 10.93% (β 0.69, 95% CI 0.39, 0.98; P < 0.0001). However, we did not observe a significant relationship when the UHR was less than 10.93% (P = 0.9229).
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that in Chinese children and adolescents with short stature, UHR may be associated with the regulation of ALT levels, and this relationship merits further investigation.
Prediction of distant metastasis in esophageal cancer using a radiomics-clinical model
Authors: Zhu Chao , Mu Fengchun , Wang Songping , Qiu Qingtao , Wang Shuai , Wang Linlin
Published: August 2022

Background
Distant metastasis, which occurs at a rate of 25% in patients with esophageal cancer (EC), has a poor prognosis, with previous studies reporting an overall survival of only 3–10 months. However, few studies have been conducted to predict distant metastasis in EC, owing to a dearth of reliable biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an accurate model for predicting distant metastasis in patients with EC.
Methods
A total of 299 EC patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 207) and a validation cohort (n = 92). Logistic univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify clinical independent predictors and create a clinical nomogram. Radiomic features were extracted from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images taken prior to treatment, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression was used to screen the associated features, which were then used to develop a radiomic signature. Based on the screened features, four machine learning algorithms were used to build radiomics models. The joint nomogram with radiomic signature and clinically independent risk factors was developed using the logical regression algorithm. All models were validated and compared by discrimination, calibration, reclassification, and clinical benefit.
Results
Multivariable analyses revealed that age, N stage, and degree of pathological differentiation were independent predictors of distant metastasis, and a clinical nomogram incorporating these factors was established. A radiomic signature was developped by a set of sixteen features chosen from 851 radiomic features. The joint nomogram incorporating clinical factors and radiomic signature performed better [AUC(95% CI): 0.827(0.742–0.912)] than the clinical nomogram [AUC(95% CI): 0.731(0.626–0.836)] and radiomics predictive models [AUC(95% CI): 0.754(0.652–0.855), LR algorithms]. Caliberation and decision curve analyses revealed that the radiomics-clinical nomogram outperformed the other models. In comparison to the clinical nomogram, the joint nomogram's NRI was 0.114 (95% CI: 0.075–0.345), and its IDI was 0.071 (95% CI: 0.030–0.112), P = 0.001.
Conclusion
We developed and validated the first radiomics-clinical nomogram for distant metastasis in EC which may aid clinicians in identifying patients at high risk of distant metastasis.
Expression of Candidate Marker Genes of Sugar Starvation is Enhanced in Growth-Suppressed Parthenocarpic Cucumber Fruit
Authors: Tazuke Akio , Murakami Kaori , Kinoshita Tsuguki , Asayama Munehiko , Kuboyama Tsutomu
Published: August 2022

Background
In plant, sugar starvation occurs in many stress conditions. Although the involvement plant hormones is known, the underlying mechanism of fruit parthenocarpy is not known. Investigation of sugar starvation in growth suppressed parthenocarpic fruit may shed light on the parthenocarpy mechanism.
Method
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruits were followed and harvested at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 days after anthesis, and the expression of eight candidate marker genes of sugar starvation and sugar concentration were examined.
Results
A growth analysis of fruits showed variability in the onset of exponential growth. Fruits in which growth was suppressed for more than 8 days after anthesis tended to abort. The variation in transcript levels was very high. The correlation matrix of the transcript level of the genes and the time course of the expression of the eight genes led to their classification into three groups. This varying pattern of gene expression may reflect the dynamics of parthenocarpic fruit. Moreover, the gene expression patterns and hexose concentration suggested that sugar starvation occurs in parthenocarpic fruit in which growth is suppressed. Therefore, the asparagine synthetase gene and the Cucumis sativus Somatic Embryogenesis Zinc Finger 1 (CsSEF1), Cucumis sativus Fruit Defoliation Induced 1 (CsFDI1), CsaV3_1G000860, CsaV3_3G041280, and CsaV3_3G023510 genes were regarded as good marker genes of sugar starvation.
Conclusion
The occurrence of sugar starvation suggests the low sink activity precedes the decline in fruit growth. This suggests the sink activity is the control point of parthenocarpic fruit set.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Long COVID (HOT-LoCO), an interim safety report from a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kjellberg Anders , Hassler Adrian , Boström Emil , Gharbi Sara El , Al-Ezerjawi Sarah , Kowalski Jan , Rodriguez-Wallberg Kenny A , Bruchfeld Judith , Ståhlberg Marcus , Nygren-Bonnier Malin , Runold Michael , Lindholm Peter
Published: August 2022

BackgroundWith ˜50 million individuals suffering from post-COVID condition (PCC), low health related quality of life (HRQoL) is a vast problem. Common symptoms of PCC, that persists 3 months from the onset of COVID-19 are fatigue, shortness of breath and cognitive dysfunction. No effective treatment options exist. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) is a candidate drug. ObjectivesThis interim analysis describes our cohort and evaluates the safety of HBO2.MethodsIn an ongoing randomised, placebo-controlled, double blind, clinical trial, 20 previously healthy subjects with PCC were assigned to HBO2 or placebo. Primary endpoints are physical domains in RAND-36; Physical functioning (PF) and Role Physical (RP) at 13 weeks. Secondary endpoints include objective physical tests. Safety endpoints are occurrence, frequency, and seriousness of Adverse Events (AEs). An independent data safety monitoring board (DSMB) reviewed unblinded data. The trial complies with Good Clinical Practice. Safety endpoints are evaluated descriptively. Comparisons against norm data was done using t-test.Results20 subjects were randomised, they had very low HRQoL compared to norm data. Mean(SD) PF 31.75(19.55) (95% Confidence interval; 22.60-40.90) vs 83.5(23.9) p<0.001 in Rand-36 PF and mean 0.00 (0.00) in RP. Very low physical performance compared to norm data. 6MWT 442(180) (95% CI; 358-525) vs 662(18) meters p<0.001.31 AEs occurred in 60% of subjects. In 20 AEs, there were at least a possible relationship with the study drug, most commonly cough and chest pain/discomfort.ConclusionsAn (unexpectedly) high frequency of AEs was observed but the DSMB assessed HBO2 to have a favourable safety profile. Our data may help other researchers in designing trials. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04842448. Registered 13 April 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04842448
Evaluation of nausea and vomiting in the first trimester on the risk of adverse birth outcomes and the contribution of genetic polymorphisms: a pilot prospective study
Authors: Li Nana , Xue Zhiwei , Xu Hongmei , Yang Ping , Wang Ke , Li Lu , Kang Hong , Wang Meixian , Deng Ying , Li Xiaohong , Wang Yanping , Zhu Jun , Yu Ping , Zhou Shu
Published: August 2022

Purpose
To evaluate the impact of Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) on the risk of preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW), and explore the effect of genetic polymorphisms on the severity of NVP.
Methods
A prospective study was conducted. Participants’ experience of NVP prior to 12 gestational weeks were evaluated by a Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE) scale. 11 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) loci located in growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and leucine rich repeat containing 25 (LRRC25) gene of chr19p13.11 and intergenic region of chr4q12 were genotyped, which were implicated as genetic risk factors for NVP. Logistic regression models were applied to determine the effect of NVP in the first trimester on the risk of PTB and LBW, and genetic polymorphisms on the risk of NVP.
Results
Among 413 pregnant women, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was 85.5% (n = 353) in the first trimester, including 38.7% (n = 160) mild vomiting, 42.6% (n = 176) moderate vomiting and 4.1% (n = 17) severe vomiting. 33 were PTB, 20 were LBW. Compared with pregnant women without NVP, women with mild, moderate or severe NVP in the first trimester were not associated with the risk of PTB and LBW. Besides, the polymorphisms of 11 SNPs loci were not associated with the risk of NVP.
Conclusions
Our study indicated that symptoms of nausea and vomiting in the first trimester were not significantly associated with PTB and LBW, and there were also no associations between GDF15 and LRRC25 polymorphisms and NVP.
Multi-country evaluation of the durability of pyrethroid plus piperonyl-butoxide insecticide-treated nets: study protocol
Authors: Mbuba Emmanuel , Odufuwa Olukayode G. , Moore Jason , Mmbaga Selemani , Tchicaya Emile , Edi Constant , Chalageri Vani , Uragayala Sreehari , Sharma Amit , Rahi Manju , Raghavendra Kamaraju , Eapen Alex , Koenker Hannah , Ross Amanda , Moore Sarah J.
Published: August 2022

Background
Mass distributions of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) has contributed to large reductions in the malaria burden. However, this success is in jeopardy due in part to the increasing pyrethroid-resistant mosquito population as well as low LLINs coverage in various areas because the lifespan of LLINs is often shorter than the interval between replenishment campaigns. New insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) containing pyrethroid and piperonyl-butoxide (PBO) have shown a greater reduction in the incidence of malaria than pyrethroid LLINs in areas with pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes. However, the durability of pyrethroid-PBO ITNs under operational settings is not fully characterized. This study will measure the bioefficacy and physical durability of pyrethroid-PBO ITNs over three years to assess whether they meet the World Health Organisation (WHO) three years operational performance criteria required to be categorised as “long-lasting”.
Methods
A prospective household randomized controlled trial will be conducted simultaneously in Tanzania, India and Côte d’Ivoire to estimate the field durability of three pyrethroid-PBO ITNs (Veeralin®, Tsara® Boost, and Olyset® Plus) compared to a pyrethroid LLIN: MAGNet®. Durability monitoring will be conducted up to 36 months post-distribution and median survival in months will be calculated. The proportion of ITNs lost (attrition), the physical integrity of the nets, resistance to damage score, the proportion of ITNs meeting WHO bioefficacy criteria against laboratory-reared resistant and susceptible mosquitoes, and insecticidal persistence over time will be estimated. The non-inferiority of Veeralin® and Tsara® Boost to the first-in-class, Olyset® Plus will be assessed for mortality, and the equivalence of 20 times washed ITNs compared to field aged ITNs will be assessed for mortality and blood-feeding inhibition endpoints in the Ifakara Ambient Chamber Test, Tanzania.
Discussion
This will be the first large-scale prospective household randomised controlled trial of pyrethroid-PBO ITNs in three different countries representing East Africa, West Africa and South Asia region simultaneously. The study findings will generate information on average replenishment intervals for PBO nets.
Innate immunity gene Nod2 protects mice from orthotopic breast cancer
Authors: Gurses Serdar , Dziarski Alisha , Gupta Dipika
Published: August 2022

Nod2 is involved in innate immunity to bacteria, regulation of metabolism, and sensitivity to cancer. Nod2 polymorphism is associated with breast cancer, but the role of Nod2 in the development and progression of breast cancer is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Nod2 protects mice from breast cancer using the 4T1 orthotopic model of mammary tumorigenesis. We demonstrate that Nod2−/− mice have higher incidence and larger tumors than WT mice. Detailed analysis of the tumor transcriptome showed that Nod2−/− mice had increased expression of genes that promote DNA replication and cell division and decreased expression of genes required for lipolysis, lipogenesis, and steroid biosynthesis compared with WT mice. Nod2−/− mice also had lower expression of genes required for adipogenesis and higher delipidation than WT mice. The tumors in Nod2−/− mice had decreased expression of genes associated with PPARα/γ signaling, increased activation of STAT3, decreased activation of STAT5, and no change in the activation of ERK compared with WT mice. Thus, we demonstrate that Nod2 protects mice from the 4T1 orthotopic breast tumor, and that tumors in Nod2−/− mice have higher DNA replication, cell cycling and delipidation than WT mice.
Research on Fault Diagnosis of ZPW-2000R Track Circuit Based on OC-SVM and DNN
Authors: xie benkai , cai shuiyong , huang chunlei , yu jianli , chen guangzhi
Published: August 2022

Aiming at the problem that there are many types of faults in the current track circuit and it is difficult to obtain high-quality fault label data, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method for ZPW-2000R track circuit based on OC-SVM and DNN. In this method, OC-SVM is first used to classify and identify 48 monitoring data collected by ZPW-2000R track circuit to collect signal data of different fault types; then the DNN method is used to train the collected fault data to automatically classify the known fault data. A large number of experiments were carried out on this method using the data of ZPW-2000R track circuit, the diagnostic experimental results show that the proposed fault diagnosis method can effectively automatically collect the novel fault data and accurately detect the fault type, and the accuracy of fault diagnosis can reach more than 98%.
The role of temperature in reproductivity trade-offs and life span in a winter-adaptive arthropod
Authors: Feng Lichao , Du Zhiqi , Chen Ting-Wen , Wu Donghui , Zhang Bing
Published: August 2022

Temperature plays a key role in the development and population maintenance of arthropods, especially for those living in cold environments. In the temperate zone, one of the most common soil-dwelling arthropods is Collembola. Instead of tracking warm and thermal temperature ranges, some Collembola species are psychrotrophic, i.e., they are well-adapted to lower temperatures. We investigatedDesoria ruseki(Isotomidae), a Collembola species widely distributed in high latitudes in the Palearctic and adapted to winter, to determine the crucial temperature conditions for the sustainability of field populations of this winter-adaptive arthropod. We incubated the adult individuals of the species at six temperatures ranging from -5°C to 30°C for 98 days. We found that 0°C and 5°C, corresponding to the temperatures when the species is active in the field between late autumn (November) and early spring (April), were the best temperatures for the survival of the lab individuals. However, they died out quickly at temperatures above 20°C without laying eggs. In contrast, the species could lay eggs between 0℃ and 15℃: the higher the temperature was, the earlier they laid eggs. In addition, longer periods were needed for juveniles to hatch from eggs at lower temperatures. Our study indicates that, rather than colder conditions, hotter environments are likely to be more detrimental to the winter-adaptive Collembola species, thereby suggesting major threats to biodiversity at high latitudes under the current global warming regimes.
Deep Learning-Generated Radiographic Hip Dysplasia Parameters: Relationship to Postoperative Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
Authors: Reine Seth , Archer Holden , Alshaikhsalama Ahmed , Wells Joel , Kohli Ajay , Xi Yin , Chhabra Avneesh
Published: August 2022

Background
Hip dysplasia (HD) causes accelerated osteoarthrosis of the acetabulum and is diagnosed through radiographic evaluation. An artificial intelligence (AI) program capable of measuring the necessary anatomical landmarks relevant to HD could reduce resource utilization, increase standardized HD screenings, and form HD outcome models. The study's aim was to evaluate the relationship between AI measurements of dysplastic hips on initial presentation and changes in patient-reported outcome measures following surgical intervention for HD.
Methods
One hundred nine patients with HD and planned surgical intervention obtained preoperative anterior-posterior pelvic radiographs which were measured by the HIPPO AI for lateral center edge angle, Tönnis angle, Sharp angle, Caput-Collum-Diaphyseal angle, femoral coverage, femoral extrusion, and pelvic obliquity. Patients completed a preoperative survey containing the 12-Item Short Form, EuroQol Visual Analog Scale (EQVAS), International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), Harris Hip Score, and Visual Analog Pain Scales. Patients were recommended to follow up at four months and one year to complete the same survey. Changes in outcome measures were evaluated with paired t-tests for each follow-up interval. Partial Spearman Rank-order correlations were performed between radiographic measures and changes in outcome measures at each follow-up interval controlling for age, BMI, and follow-up time.
Results
Patients had significant improvement in all outcome measures at four months (N = 46,p-values < 0.05) and one year (N = 49,p-values < 0.001), except one-year EQVAS (p-value = 0.090). Significant positive correlation of moderate strength existed between the Sharp angle and iHOT-12 at four months postoperatively (rs=0.472,p-value = 0.044). No other significant correlations were found at either follow-up interval between HIPPO measures and outcome measures.
Conclusion
Correlations between deep learning radiographic measurements of dysplastic hips and improvements in postoperative outcomes as evaluated by outcome measures lacked any significant relationships in this study. Physicians treating HD patients can augment care with AI tools but outcomes are likely more multi-factorial and require multi-disciplinary patient care.
Factors impacting HIV testing among young women migrant workers in Vietnamese industrial zones
Authors: Ha Toan H. , Shi Hui , Givens David , Nguyen Trang , Nguyen Nam
Published: August 2022

Background. Young migrant workers living in low- and middle-income countries often experience the barriers and inadequate access to HIV prevention and treatment services. This study examines the prevalence of HIV testing, associated factors and reasons for obtaining and not obtaining HIV testing among young women migrant workers working in the industrial zones in Hanoi, Vietnam. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1061 young women migrant workers (aged 18 to 29) working in the Thang Long industrial zone in Hanoi, Vietnam. Data were collected via a face-to-face interview from January 2020 to June 2021. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with ever-testing for HIV Results. The study found a low level of HIV testing and high rates of unprotected sex; only 18.7% of participants reported having ever tested for HIV. Among those who reported never having tested for HIV, 46.4% said they had ever had sex, and 38.8% reported not using condoms during their most recent sexual encounter. Factors associated with prior testing for HIV included older age, being married, higher HIV knowledge, having sex with and without condoms, and prior use of sexual and reproductive health and HIV services. Conclusions. Overall, a low level of HIV testing, high rates of unprotected sex and low perceived risk of HIV among study participants point to a need to implement targeted HIV interventions that can improve safe sex practices and perceptions of risky sexual behaviors, as well as take into consideration factors facilitating HIV testing HIV testing among industrial zones women migrant workers.
TrkC, as a Novel Prognostic Marker, Induces and Maintains the Cell Survival and Metastatic Dissemination of Ewing Sarcoma by Inhibiting EWS-FLI1 Degradation
Authors: Kim MinSoo , Lee Won Sung , Lee Hanki , Jin Wook
Published: August 2022

Upregulation of EWS-FLI1 expression has been associated with invasiveness, induced cell survival, metastatic dissemination, and acquisition of self-renewal traits in Ewing sarcoma (ES). Although increasing evidence implies that TrkC expression is linked to the pathogenesis of other cancer types, its role in the mediation of ES pathology is still unknown, and the mechanism behind the correlation between TrkC and EWS-FLI1 remains unclear. Here, we uncovered a novel, unexpected physiological role of TrkC as a key regulator of EWS-FLI1 in the survival and metastatic dissemination of ES. In this study, TrkC was frequently overexpressed in human metastatic ES cells in vitro and in vivo, leading to remarkable enhanced survival, tumorigenicity, and metastatic ability of ES cells. TrkC also enhanced the metastatic potential of ES cells by inhibiting the proteasomal degradation of EWS-FLI1 via the formation of a TrkC/EWS-FLI1 complex and subsequently enabled the induction of EGR2 and NKX2.2 as target proteins of EWS-FLI1 to induce the proliferation and metastatic ability of ES cells. Moreover, TrkC-induced stabilization of EWS-FLI1 resulted in reduced TGFBR2 expression and inhibited tumor suppressor activity by TGF-β. Furthermore, loss of TrkC expression inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in an experimental mouse model. This study is the first to report the involvement and functional role of TrkC in the pathogenesis of ES, suggesting important implications for understanding the alterations of TrkC in Ewing tumors.
Paremeter choice strategies and the numerical stability of Tikhonov regularized approximation formulae
Authors: Tian Lin
Published: August 2022

The paper concerns the Tikhonov regularized approximation formulae derived by the authors (An and Wu, Inverse Problems 37(1), 015008 (2020)). First, we give more specific an L2 error bound and a uniform error bound of the Tikhonov regularized approximation polynomial. From these two error bounds, we know that a regularization parameter in this approximation polynomial is important. Then, we employ two strategies, the balancing principle and Brezinski– Rodriguez–Seatzu estimators, to select the regularization parameter. Some numerical experiments are given to illustrate that both parameter choice strategies can select suitable regularization parameters. The two parameter choice strategies are also compared by testing some oscillatory functions. Finally, we study the numerical stability of Tikhonov regularized barycentric interpolation formula and Tikhonov regularized modified Lagrange interpolation formula. Both interpolation formulae are shown to be forward stable, and the Tikhonov regularized modified Lagrange interpolation formula is also backward stable. We give numerical examples to illustrate the theoretical results.
Preferred Cataract Surgery Practices in Malaysia: A Survey of Malaysian Young Ophthalmologists Special Interest Group 2021
Authors: Wai Yong Zheng , Chong Yong Yuin , Lim Lik Thai , Chan Jan Bond , Chandrasekaran Sudhashini
Published: August 2022

Background:
To describe the preferred cataract surgery practices among Malaysian ophthalmologists and medical officers in comparison with the recommended practices.
Methods:
An online questionnaire was sent out in April 2021, to Malaysian Ophthalmologists and medical officers who perform cataract surgeries. The questions were focused on the preferred cataract surgery practices of the participants. All data obtained were collected, tabulated and analysed.
Results:
A total of 173 participants responded to the online questionnaire. 55% of the participants were within 31–40 years of age. 56.1% preferred peristaltic pump over venturi system. 91.3% of participants practised povidone iodine instillation to the conjunctival sac. With regards to the main wound incision, more than half of the surgeons (50.3%) preferred fixed superior incision and 72.3% of them preferred 2.75mm microkeratome blade. Most of the participants (63%) were inclined towards C-Loop clear intraocular lens (IOL) with a single-handed push preloaded system. 78.6% of the surgeons routinely use carbachol in their cataract surgery.
Conclusions:
This survey provides some insight into the current practices among Malaysian ophthalmologists. Most of the practices are in line with international guidelines for preventing postoperative endophthalmitis. This article could help trainees and ophthalmologists benchmark and observe the common cataract surgery practices among their seniors and peers in Malaysia.
Synthesis, computational and biological evaluation of some new pyridine Derivatives
Authors: Alsoliemy Amerah
Published: August 2022

A series of pyridine compounds was prepared by using "3-(dimethylamino)-1-(pyridin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one" (14) as precursor. Reaction of 14 with different reagents afforded different new heterocyclic compounds. All the new compounds were characterized by spectroscopic analyses. Moreover, study of Density Function Theory (DFT) was mentioned to establish the geometry of the tested compounds. The antimicrobial activities of the newly prepared pyridine derivatives were studied against Gram positive bacteria (B. subtilis and B. thuringiensis) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. Coil and P. aerugunosa) and fungi (F. oxysporum and B. Fabae) by MIC method. Compounds belonging to pyran 32, pyridine 33, indenopyran 34, thiazolopyridine 35 and chromene 39 series displayed a high antimicrobial activity. It was found that, the experimental results of biological evaluation were in agreement with their molecular modeling study.