bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of people with disabilities into the labor market
Authors: Horemykina Yuliia , Kotenko Tetiana
Published: February 2020

This article deals with the integration of people with disabilities into the labor market based on the experience of the EU countries and Ukraine. There are four main components of the policy of integrating people with disabilities into the labor market, namely certain job quotas or jobseeker benefits, services provided by state employment services and non-governmental organizations, employer support, development and implementation of employment programs, including flex jobs organization. The authors highlighted the specifics of the functioning of each of these components. In particular, the expediency of setting the job quotes, the measures of employer support and certain types of activities of state and non-state services in the EU and Ukraine are discussed. Recommendations on the employer support and the implementation of EU experience in the activity of the State Employment Service of Ukraine are given. It has been proposed to develop and implement a national employment program for people with disabilities. The program consists of four stages: the analysis of public sector vacancies for people with disabilities; identifying people with disabilities who wish to occupy these positions, as well as analyzing their real needs and opportunities; adapting workplaces to the needs of people with disabilities and organizing vocational training for them; and on-the-job support.
Designing regional systems of higher education on the example of the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass
Authors: Prosekov Aleksander
Published: February 2020

The monograph contains working materials to help the regions of Russia make integrated plans for the development of higher education, using the Kuzbass model as an example. It offers an algorithm of work and lists the key criteria for making strategic choices, providing working groups with valuable external information. In particular, they can use it to develop hypotheses, create models and prototypes, select best practices and strategies, plan prospective developments in educational segments and technologies, as well as to prepare reports and speeches. To facilitate management decisions, the authors included aggregated data from marketing, sociological and analytical studies, statistics, materials from expert interviews and news reports, websites of educational institutions, electronic platforms, conferences, scientific articles and other sources. The monograph is intended for groups working on regional strategies for higher education, investment projects or business plans aiming to open or reorganize large educational institutions.
Monitoring the lead-and-copper rule with a water-gated field effect transistor
Authors: Alqahtani Zahrah , Alghamdi Nawal , Grell Martin
Published: February 2020

We use the natural zeolite clinoptilolite as the sensitive element in a plasticised PVC membrane. Separating a sample pool and a reference pool with such a membrane in water-gated SnO2 thin-film transistor (SnO2 WGTFT) leads to membrane potential, and thus transistor threshold shift in response to the common drinking water pollutants Pb2+ or Cu2+ in the sample pool. Threshold shift with ion concentration, c, follows a Langmuir–Freundlich (LF) characteristic. As the LF characteristic shows the steepest slope in the limit c → 0, this opens a window to limits-of-detection (LoDs) far below the ‘action levels’ of the ‘lead-and-copper rule’ for drinking water: Pb2+: LoD 0.9 nM vs 72 nM action level, Cu2+: LoD 14 nM vs 20.5 μM action level. LoDs are far lower than for membranes using organic macrocycles as their sensitive elements. Threshold shifts at the lead and copper action levels are more significant than shifts in response to variations in the concentration of non-toxic co-cations, and we discuss in detail how to moderate interference. The selective response to lead and copper qualifies clinoptilolite-sensitised WGTFTs as a low footprint sensor technology for monitoring the lead-and-copper rule, and to confirm the effectiveness of attempts to extract lead and copper from water.

This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.
Experimental investigations on a portable atmospheric water generator for maritime rescue
Authors: Runze Du , Qingfen Ma , Hui Lu , Gaoping Wang , Wei Ye , Guangfu Cao , Yifan Cui
Published: February 2020

To offer an alternative for supplying fresh water to people in distress in tropical seas before rescue or to garrison soldiers on a small reef, a portable solar-photovoltaic atmospheric water generator was designed and tested experimentally, and is composed of a water generating module, a water purifying module, a power supply and control module, and a buoyancy module. The results showed that the best water production rate of 460 mL/h was achieved when Tin = 27, RHin = 92%, Qa = 600 m3/h, with the desalination rate above 99.65%, proving itself a feasible solution as a portable desalination device. The daily water production can reach 5.52 L/d, which is more than twice the minimum quantity of the WHO drinking water standard (2.5 L/capita-day), and the energy consumption can be controlled under 200 W. The influences of major operating parameters on the device performance were analyzed and performance comparisons were carried out with the reported AWG products/prototypes. By integrating with a distress signal launcher and positioning module to shorten rescue time, the device has the potential to be employed as a small rescue platform for people in distress in tropical oceans, carried on board ship as a precaution.
Migren Tipi Baş Ağrısı Olan Çocuklarda Anksiyete Düzeyi Artmakta mıdır?
Authors: KARATOPRAK Elif , YILDIZ Selin
Published: February 2020

Amaç: Migren
çocuklarda sık görülen primer baş ağrısı nedenlerindendir. Migren hastalarında psikiyatrik
komorbidite de bildirilmektedir.Bu çalışmada migren tanısı alan çocukların ve migrensiz gönüllülerin anksiyete düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olup olmadığını araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.Gereç
ve Yöntemler: Çocuk nöroloji polikliniğimizde prospektif,
vaka kontrollü, kesitsel bir çalışma gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya baş ağrısı şikayetiyle
başvurup migren tanısı alan çocuklar (çalışma
grubu) ile başka nedenlerle başvurup herhangi bir kronik hastalık saptanmayan gönüllü
çocuklar (kontrol grubu) dahil edildi. İki
gruba da Çocuklarda Anksiyete Bozukluklarını Tarama Ölçeği (ÇATÖ)
uygulandı ve aldıkları puanlar karşılaştırıldı. Ayrıca migrenli hastaların ÇATÖ
puanı ile migren atak sıklığı ve hastalık süresi arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışma
grubunda 83 çocuk (29 erkek, 54
kız) vardı ve yaş ortalaması 13,23±2,3 yıldı. Kontrol grubunda 80 çocuk
(36 erkek, 44 kız) vardı ve yaş ortalaması 13,97±2,6 yıl idi. İki grup arasında
yaş ve cinsiyet açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Çalışma
ve kontrol grubu ortalama ÇATÖ puanları sırasıyla 26,4±11,9 ve 26,6±12,4 olarak
tespit edildi ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p=0,93). Çalışma
grubundan 46 (%55,4), kontrol grubundan 41 (%51,2) çocuğun ÇATÖ puanı ≥25 (patolojik
eşik değer) idi; kaygı bozukluğu riski iki grup için de yüksekti. Çalışma
grubunda hastalığın süresi ile ÇATÖ puanı arasında korelasyon saptanmadı (r=0,15,
p=0,17), fakat atak sıklığı ile ÇATÖ puanı arasında pozitif korelasyon saptandı
(r=0,35, p=0,001).

Tartışma
ve Sonuç: Migrenli ve migrensiz çocukların anksiyete düzeyleri arasında
anlamlı bir fark saptamamış olsak da, atak
sıklığı arttıkça anksiyete düzeyi yükselebileceği için migrenli hastaların
anksiyete açısından yakından takibinin yararlı olacağı kanaatindeyiz.
An experimental method for predicting the composition and properties of a produced fluid under the conditions of a two-phase filtration of a gas-liquid mixture during field development for depletion
Authors: Zanochuev Sergey A. , Shabarov Alexander B.
Published: February 2020

Within the objectives of predicting the composition and properties of the produced fluid during the development of oil and gas condensate fields, this article proposes an experimental method for predicting the composition and properties of the produced fluid. In addition, the authors show its practical use in a situation where the liquid phase (precipitated condensate or oil) is filtered together with the gas phase. Based on the proposed approach, experimental data were obtained on changes in the current gas saturation of the formation, as well as on changes in the composition and properties of the produced fluid during field development for depletion. The studies make use of the real reservoir fluid samples and the data from the results of stream experiments, in order to determine the relative phase permeabilities.
Determining the boundaries of microclimatic characteristics when calculating heat exchange parameters during adaptation of the geocriological model
Authors: Primakov Sergey S. , Zabora Igor V.
Published: February 2020

Thermal engineering calculations are a fundamental stage in the design in areas with the spread of multi-frozen soils (MFS). Today, this kind of calculations is well studied and implemented by various software complexes based on numerical methods. In the design of facilities of the fuel and energy complex, there is a mandatory requirement for this type of calculations, consisting in the calculation for the whole life of the facility.
Despite the abundance of developed methods and approaches in solving these problems, there is some uncertainty in setting the boundary condition on the surface of soil heat exchange with the air medium. This uncertainty is caused both by the variety of factors that directly influence heat exchange on the soil surface and by the complexity of their accounting, due to the cyclicity of these factors during the period of operation of the structure. In research literature, one can find various versions of setting the boundary condition on the ground surface. A question arises on the correctness of applying a certain method, because setting the upper boundary condition by various methods leads to obtaining different results in further modeling. At the same time, insolvency of any of the methods of setting the upper boundary condition seems impossible.
This article examines some of the methods of setting the upper boundary condition from various authors found in the research literature. Analyzing their results has led to a complex method of setting boundary conditions on the surface, as well as the procedure of determining heat exchange parameters on the ground surface using local microclimatic characteristics for drawing up physically justified boundary conditions in numerical modeling of geocriological processes.
Surgical Outcome of Peripheral Nerve Injury
Authors: Nath Rahul K. , Somasundaram Chandra
Published: February 2020

:

Our article focuses on various surgical treatments and outcomes in patients who had upper and or lower extremity musculoskeletal disorders due to peripheral nerve injuries. Here, we mainly discuss the benefits of the Nath method of surgical management in infants, children (preteen and teen), and adult patients in the following four categories of peripheral nerve damage.

Brachial Plexus Injury and Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Dysfunctions:

Improvements in detail are discussed in obstetric brachial plexus palsy patients, who had the soft tissue surgical procedure, modified Quad, and the novel osseous operative technique, triangle tilt at our clinic.

Upper Trunk of Brachial Plexus and Long Thoracic Nerve Damage and Winging Scapula:

There are at least 18 categories of causation/etiology of upper plexus and long thoracic nerve lesions in 575 patients who visited our clinic with winging scapula, limited shoulder movements, and or pain. Further, we discuss the results of the excellent recovery of hundreds of these patients, who had decompression and neurolysis of the upper trunk of brachial plexus and long thoracic nerve.

Peroneal Nerve Lesion and Foot Drop::

Our management of foot drop by nerve transfers to the deep peroneal nerve is discussed.

Sural Nerve Grafting to Cavernous Nerve Impairment after Prostatectomy or Genital Surgery:

We also discuss briefly our experience and results of the sural nerve grafting, which restores the function of cavernous nerves resected during radical prostatectomy.

Conclusion:

The lead author (RKN) has developed and implemented several innovative new surgical approaches as a reconstructive microsurgeon. These surgical techniques have proven clinical and functional improvements in patients with upper and lower extremity musculoskeletal disorders due to peripheral nerve injuries.
Vital Role of Monoamine Oxidases and Cholinesterases in Central Nervous System Drug Research: A Sharp Dissection of the Pathophysiology
Authors: Aksoz Begum E. , Aksoz Erkan
Published: February 2020

Background:

Monoamine oxidase and cholinesterase enzymes are very critical enzymes
that regulate the level of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and monoamines. Monoamine
neurotransmitters and acetylcholine play a very important role in many physiological events. An increase
or decrease in the amount of these neurotransmitters is observed in a wide range of central nervous
system pathologies. Balancing the amount of these neurotransmitters is important in improving the
progression of these diseases. Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase and cholinesterase enzymes are
important in symptomatic therapy and delaying progression of a group of central nervous system disease
manifested with memory loss, cognitive decline and psychiatric disturbances like depression.

Objective:

In this article, the relationship between central nervous system diseases and the vital
role of the enzymes, monoamine oxidase and cholinesterase, is discussed on the pathophysiologic
basis, focusing on drug research.

Conclusion:

Monoamine oxidase and cholinesterase enzymes are still a good target for the
development of novel drug active substances with optimized pharmacokinetic and
pharmacodynamic properties, which can maximize the benefits of current therapy modalities.
Therapeutic Potential of Umbilical Cord Stem Cells for Liver Regeneration
Authors: Anwar Ifrah , Ashfaq Usman A. , Shokat Zeeshan
Published: February 2020

The liver is a vital organ for life and the only internal organ that is capable of natural regeneration. Although the liver has high regeneration capacity, excessive hepatocyte death can lead to liver failure. Various factors can lead to liver damage including drug abuse, some natural products, alcohol, hepatitis, and autoimmunity. Some models for studying liver injury are APAP-based model, Fas ligand (FasL), D-galactosamine/endotoxin (Gal/ET), Concanavalin A, and carbon tetrachloride-based models. The regeneration of the liver can be carried out using umbilical cord blood stem cells which have various advantages over other stem cell types used in liver transplantation. UCB-derived stem cells lack tumorigenicity, have karyotype stability and high immunomodulatory, low risk of graft versus host disease (GVHD), low risk of transmitting somatic mutations or viral infections, and low immunogenicity. They are readily available and their collection is safe and painless. This review focuses on recent development and modern trends in the use of umbilical cord stem cells for the regeneration of liver fibrosis.
Therapeutic Strategies to Protect the Central Nervous System against Shiga Toxin from Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
Authors: Goldstein Jorge , Nuñez-Goluboay Krista , Pinto Alipio
Published: February 2020

:

Infection with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) may cause hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and encephalopathy. The mortality rate derived from HUS adds up to 5% of the cases, and up to 40% when the central nervous system (CNS) is involved. In addition to the well-known deleterious effect of Stx, the gram-negative STEC releases lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and may induce a variety of inflammatory responses when released in the gut. Common clinical signs of severe CNS injury include sensorimotor, cognitive, emotional and/or autonomic alterations. In the last few years, a number of drugs have been experimentally employed to establish the pathogenesis of, prevent or treat CNS injury by STEC. The strategies in these approaches focus on: 1) inhibition of Stx production and release by STEC, 2) inhibition of Stx bloodstream transport, 3) inhibition of Stx entry into the CNS parenchyma, 4) blockade of deleterious Stx action in neural cells, and 5) inhibition of immune system activation and CNS inflammation. Fast diagnosis of STEC infection, as well as the establishment of early CNS biomarkers of damage, may be determinants of adequate neuropharmacological treatment in time.
A Review on Opuntia Species and its Chemistry, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology and Bioapplications
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , Sharma Pramod K.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Opuntia species, locally known as prickly pear was used for various purposes
as food, medicine, beverage, source of dye and animal food. Many studies have revealed its pharmacology
activity from time to time. This review is a collection of chemistry, pharmacognosy,
pharmacology and bioapplications of the cactus family.

Methods:

Many sources were used to collect information about Opuntia species such as Pub med,
Google scholar, Agris, science direct, Embase, Merk index, Wiley online library, books and other reliable
sources. This review contains studies from 1812 to 2019.

Results:

The plants from the cactus family offer various pharmacological active compounds including
phenolic compounds, carotenoids, betalains, vitamins, steroids, sugar, amino acids, minerals and
fibers. These bioactive compounds serve various pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antiviral,
anti-diabetic, Neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, Hepatoprotective, antibacterial,
antiulcer and alcohol hangover. According to various studies, Opuntia species offer many bioapplications
such as fodder for animal, soil erosion, prevention, human consumption and waste water decontamination.
Finally, different parts of plants are used in various formulations that offer many biotechnology
applications.

Conclusion:

Different parts of Opuntia plant (fruits, seeds, flowers and cladodes) are used in various
health problems which include wound healing, anti-inflammatory and urinary tract infection from
ancient times. Nowadays, researches have extended several pharmacological and therapeutic uses of
Opuntia species as discussed in this review. Many in-vitro and in-vivo models are also discussed in
this review as the proofs of research findings. Various research gaps have been observed in current
studies that require attention in the future.
Synthesis and Evaluation of 198Au/PAMAM-MPEG-FA against Cancer Cells
Authors: Rezaei Reza , Darzi Simin Janitabar , Yazdani Mahnaz
Published: February 2020

Background:

There is a significant dearth of clinical biochemistry researches to evaluate the facility of exploitation of folate targeted radioactive gold-labeled anti-cancer drugs against various cancer cell lines.

Objective:

The aim of this paper was to develop a gold-based compound with an efficient therapeutic potential against breast cancer. To this end, the synthesis of the198Au/PAMAM-MPEG-FA composite was considered here.

Methods:

The radioactive gold (198Au) nanoparticles were encapsulated into Folic acid (FA)-targeted Polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) modified with Maleimide-Polyethylene glycol Succinimidyl Carboxymethyl ester (MPEG). After that, anticancer assessments of the prepared198Au/PAMAM-MPEG-FA hybrid mater against breast cancer were investigated.

:

Further studies were also devised to compare the anticancer capabilities of the198Au/PAMAM-MPEG-FA composite with the synthesized P-MPEG,197Au/P-MPEG,197Au/P-MPEG-FA,197Au/P-FA and198Au/P-MPEG-FA conjugates. The prepared drugs were characterized by means of various analytical techniques. The radionuclidic purity of the198Au/P-MPEG-FA solution was determined using High Purity Germanium (HPGe) spectroscopy and its stability in the presence of human serum was studied. The cell uptake and toxicity of the prepared drugs were evaluated in vitro, and some comparative studies of the toxicity of the drugs were conducted towards the MCF7 (Human breast cancer cell), 4T1 (Mice breast adenocarcinoma cell) and C2C12 (Mice muscle normal cell).

Results:

The results showed that cell uptake of198Au/P-MPEG-FA nanoparticles is high in the 4T1 cell line and the order of uptake is as 4T1> MCF7> C2C12. Moreover, of the tested compounds,198Au/P-MPEG-FA had the highest toxicity towards the cancerous 4T1 and MCF7 in all concentrations after 24, 48 and 72h (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the drugs was concentration-dependent.

Conclusion:

On the basis of the present research,198Au/P-MPEG-FA has been proposed as a good candidate for the induction of cell death in breast cancer, although further experimental and clinical investigations are required.
Mechanism Involved in Fortification by Berberine in CDDP-Induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Verma Vipin K. , Malik Salma , Mutneja Ekta , Sahu Anil K. , Rupashi Kumari , Dinda Amit K. , Arya Dharamvir S. , Bhatia Jagriti
Published: February 2020

Background:

The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway has been shown to protect against cisplatin- induced nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities in various experimental models.

Aim:

To check the effect of Ber on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to explore the involved mechanism.

Methods:

Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Normal, cisplatin-control, treatment groups and per se group. Normal saline and Ber (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg; p.o.) was administered to rats for 10 days. A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg) was injected on 7th day to induced nephrotoxicity. On 10th day, rats were sacrificed, the kidney was removed and stored for the estimation of various parameters.

Results:

As compared to cisplatin-control group, Ber pretreatment improved renal function system and preserved renal architecture. It also diminished oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 proteins. In addition, Ber attenuated the cisplatin mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, it also reduced the phosphorylation of p38/JNK and PARP/Beclin-1 expression in the kidney.

Conclusion:

Ber attenuated renal injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting JNK/p38MAPKs/ PARP/Beclin-1 expression which prevented oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in renal tissue.
Transition Metal-free Approach for the Synthesis of 2-substituted Quinazolin-4(3H)-one via Anhydrous Magnesium Perchlorate
Authors: Mishra Shweta , Das Debashree , Sahu Adarsh , Patil Shailendra , Agarwal Ram Kishor , Gajbhiye Asmita
Published: February 2020

Background:

A convenient and efficient methodology for the synthesis of quinazolin- 4(3H)-ones from simple and readily available 2-amino benzamides and aromatic aldehydes in ethanol using Magnesium perchlorate are being reported in the present study. Good to excellent isolated yields (68-95%) of the corresponding 2-substituted quinazolinones were obtained under mild reaction conditions with excellent functional group tolerance. The affordability of the catalyst, the wide availability of the starting materials, transition metal free synthesis and the simplicity of the procedure renders the present methodology useful in organic synthesis.

Objective:

A maneuver methodology developed for the synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones via using Magnesium perchlorate from 2-amino benzamides and aromatic aldehydes in ethanol.

Methods:

10% mol anhydrous Magnesium perchlorate in presence of ethanol give to simply rapid formation of Quinazolin-4(3H)-ones from 1 mole of 2-amino benzamides and 1 mole of aromatic aldehydes.

Results:

Screening results of Anti-leishmanial showed that out of the synthesized series of 12 compounds, compounds 3c, 3d, 3g, 3h and 3i showed significant antileishmanial activities (L. donavani) with IC50 values 8.39, 9.37, 9.43, 7.1 and 8.7 μM.

Conclusion:

In summary, we have developed convenient synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-one, from simple and easily available precursor employing anhydrous Mg(ClO4)2 under green conditions.
Conventional versus Mindfulness-based Interventions for Anxiety and Worry: A Review and Recommendations
Authors: Abbott Deah Jo , Lack Caleb Wayne
Published: February 2020

Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent and most functionally impairing psychiatric problems experienced by the population. Both pharmacological and psychological evidencebased treatments exist for a number of specific disorders, but may fail to fully relieve symptoms, pointing to the need for additional treatment options. Often considered to be part of the “third wave” of cognitive-behavioral therapies, treatments incorporating mindfulness have emerged in the past two decades as increasingly popular with clinicians and frequently sought out by consumers. The present article reviews the extant literature regarding the efficacy and effectiveness of mindfulnessbased treatments for anxiety, worry, and related problems. Although they have not attained the solid empirical status of CBT or certain pharmacological treatments, the extant research shows mindfulness- based interventions appear to be a promising and useful treatment for people suffering from anxiety and worry. Further work should be done, levels 3-5 of the NIH stage model to determine whether or not they should be further implemented.
THE EFFECT OF MICROTEACHING AND GUIDED FIELD PRACTICE (PLT) ON READINESS TO BECOME PROFESSIONAL TEACHER OF THE ACCOUNTING EDUCATION STUDENT STATE UNIVERSITY OF YOGYAKARTA CLASS OF 2015
Authors: Sofiarani Nabila , Susilo Arief Zuliyanto
Published: February 2020

This research aims to determine whether there is an effect of the Microteaching Quality and Guided Field Practice (PLT) on Readiness to Become Professional Teacher. This research uses a quantitative approach with the respondents from the Accounting Education Student 2015 State University of Yogyakarta amounted to 63 students. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses multiple regression analysis. The results showed: 1) There was no significant effect of Microteaching Quality on Readiness to Become Professional Teacher with   = -0.317 and significance value of 0.752. 2) There was a positive and significant effect of Guided Field Practice (PLT) on Readiness to Become Professional Teacher with = 3.963 and significance value of 0,000. The determination coefficient ( is 0.208 or 20.8%. These results identify that Readiness to Become Professional Teacher can be explained by the variable of Microteaching Quality and Guided Field Practice on 20.8%. Keywords: Microteaching, Guided Field Practice, Readiness to Become Professional Teacher
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN TEMAN SEBAYA, KINERJA MENGAJAR GURU, DAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR DASAR-DASAR AKUNTANSI
Authors: Triansari Nia , Widayati Ani
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Lingkungan Teman Sebaya, Kinerja Mengajar Guru, dan Kemandirian Belajar secara sendiri-sendiri atau bersama-sama terhadap Motivasi Belajar Dasar-dasar Akuntansi Siswa Kelas X Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Tempel Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Jenis penelitian adalah ex post facto dengan populasi sebanyak 96 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Validitas instrumen dibuktikan dengan rumus Korelasi Product Moment sedangkan reliabilitas diestimasi menggunakan rumus Alpha Cronbach. Uji prasyarat analisis data meliputi uji linearitas, uji multikolinearitas, dan uji heteroskedastisitas. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana dan analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: 1)Terdapat pengaruh positif Lingkungan Teman Sebaya terhadap Motivasi Belajar Dasar-dasar Akuntansi ditunjukkan dengan nilai rx1y=0,490; r2x1y=0,240;  2)Terdapat pengaruh positif Kinerja Mengajar Guru terhadap Motivasi Belajar Dasar-dasar Akuntansi ditunjukkan nilai rx2y=0,369; r2x2y=0,136;  3)Terdapat pengaruh positif Kemandirian Belajar terhadap Motivasi Belajar Dasar-dasar Akuntansi ditunjukkan dengan nilai rx3y=0,765; r2x3y=0,586; dan  4)Terdapat pengaruh positif Lingkungan Teman Sebaya, Kinerja Mengajar Guru, dan Kemandirian Belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap Motivasi Belajar Dasar-dasar Akuntansi ditunjukkan dengan nilai Ry(123)=0,786 ; R2y(123)=0,618. Kata kunci: Motivasi Belajar Dasar-dasar Akuntansi, Lingkungan Teman Sebaya, Kinerja Mengajar Guru, Kemandirian Belajar, SMK Negeri 1 Tempel
Двойная лавинная инжекция в диодных лавинных обострителях
Authors: Иванов М.С. , Подольская Н.И. , Родин П.Б.
Published: February 2020

Numerical simulations of picosecond-range avalanche
sharpening diodes commutating fast-rising high-voltage pulses of
submicrosecond duration is performed. It is demonstrated that
the maximum duration of the commutated pulse is limited by
physical phenomena related to the structure transition to the
double avalanche injection mode but not by the drift extraction of
nonequilibrium electron-hole plasma. Double avalanche injection
is in principle capable of supporting the diode structure in the
conducting state after switching. However, negative differential
conductivity that is attributed to the double injection mode cause
transverse instability of uniform current flow and isothermal
current filamentation.
Паразитная рекомбинация в лазере с асимметричными барьерными слоями
Authors: Зубов Ф.И. , Муретова М.Е. , Паюсов А.С. , Максимов М.В. , Жуков А.Е. , Асрян Л.В.
Published: February 2020

In a laser with asymmetric barrier layers (ABLs) two thin barrier layers adjacent to the active region on both sides are aimed at prevention of bipolar population of the waveguide layers and, accordingly, at suppression of parasitic recombination in them. In the present work, a theoretical model of the laser with ABLs based on rate equations is proposed, which includes unwanted carrier leakage that inevitably occurs in lasers with ABLs implemented in practice. Solutions of the equations for the steady-state mode are obtained. Using an example of a laser based on an InGaAs/GaAs quantum well (lasing wavelength λ = 980 nm) the effect of the leakage through ABLs on device characteristics is studied. The parasitic fluxes suppression ratios C of ABLs that are required for prevention of unwanted impact of waveguide recombination are estimated. For the case under consideration the effect of using ABLs becomes pronounced at the suppression ratios C ≥ 102. To suppress 90% of the parasitic current, C should be equal to 2.3 · 10^4. In the work, we also study the influence of ABLs on the useful fluxes of carriers entering the active region.
Соединение HoFeTi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=-: cинтез, особенности кристаллической структуры и магнитные свойства
Authors: Дрокина Т.В. , Молокеев М.С. , Великанов Д.А. , Петраковский Г.А. , Баюков О.А.
Published: February 2020

Polycrystalline HoFeTi2O7 samples were obtained by solid-phase synthesis and studied by X-ray diffraction, gamma resonance, and SQUID methods. The characteristics of structural properties are presented, indicating the distribution of iron atoms over nonequivalent crystallographic positions and their uneven filling in the positions mixed with titanium.
Spin disorder formed by mixing magnetic and nonmagnetic ions, spatial inhomogeneity of interactions that determine the magnetic structure in the crystal leads to the formation of competing exchange magnetic interactions between the nearest neighbors, frustration of magnetic bonds and the absence of long-range magnetic order. It has been shown that the temperature dependence of the static magnetic susceptibility at low temperatures has features characteristic of the spin glass magnetic state.
Влияние электрон-дырочной асимметрии на электронную структуру спиральных краевых состояний в квантовой яме HgTe/HgCdTe
Authors: Дурнев М.В.
Published: February 2020

We study the effects of electron-hole asymmetry on the electronic structure of helical edge states
in HgTe/HgCdTe quantum wells. In the framework of the four-band kp-model, which takes into
account the absence of a spacial inversion centre, we obtain analytical expressions for the energy
spectrum and wave functions of edge states, as well as the effective g-factor tensor and matrix
elements of electro-dipole optical transitions between the spin branches of the edge electrons. We
show that when two conditions - electron-hole asymmetry and the
absence of an inversion centre - are simultaneously satisfied, the spectrum of edge electrons deviates from the linear one, and we obtain the corresponding corrections.
Особенности локализации возбуждений вблизи прослойки между нелинейными фокусирующими средами с нелинейным взаимодействием с границами раздела слоев
Authors: Савотченко С.Е.
Published: February 2020

The localized states in a three-layer structure consisting of two nonlinear crystals with positive nonlinearity, between which a linear plate of finite thickness is clamped, and the layer interfaces are characterized by a nonlinear response are arised. The frequencies of such localized states are obtained that exist only at different values of the intensity of interaction of the layer interfaces with excitations. The conditions for the existence of such states are found and estimates of the characteristic scale of field localization are obtained.
Анализ электростатических взаимодействий аминокислотных остатков на примере образования димера Nap1-Nap1
Authors: Кошлан Т.В. , Куликов К.Г.
Published: February 2020

Представлен новый метод, который позволяет анализировать потенциальную энергию электростатического взаимодействия белковых комплексов при точечных заменах аминокислотных остатков с учетом трехмерной структуры комплекса на примере образования димера Nap1-Nap1. Были разработаны карты потенциальной энергии электростатического взаимодействия попарно взятых аминокислотных остатков участвующих белков. Проведен анализ взаимодействующих белков с учетом трехмерной структуры. Ключевые слова: конформация, гидрофобные взаимодействия, ключевые аминокислотные остатки, кластер.
Твердотельный литий-ионный аккумулятор: структура, технология и характеристики
Authors: Рудый А.С. , Мироненко А.А. , Наумов В.В. , Скундин А.М. , Кулова Т.Л. , Федоров И.С. , Васильев С.В.
Published: February 2020

The design description and test results of an all solid-state thin-film lithium-ion battery are provided. It is shown that the features of its charge-discharge characteristics are associated with a change in the Fermi level of the electrodes and are caused by a change in the concentration of lithium ions in the course of the charge-discharge. The specific capacitive characteristics of the layout are determined, which are comparable with the characteristics of industrial solid-state lithium-ion batteries.
Наноразмерный корреляционный анализ морфологической, оптической и магнитной структуры полимерных микросфер для мультиплексной диагностики
Authors: Мочалов К.Е. , Агапова О.И. , Генералова А.Н. , Васкан И.С. , Соловьева Д.О. , Олейников В.А. , Агапов И.И. , Ефимов А.Е.
Published: February 2020

A united analytical technology based on the integration of scanning probe nanotomography and optical microscopy (SPNT-OM) is presented and the potential of the technology is demonstrated by the example of multi-parameter analysis of encoded microspheres. The presented SPNT-OM technology can become a powerful tool for multimodal nanocharacterization of a wide range of microparticles, composite and hybrid polymers.
Структурное совершенство и состав легированных галлием термомиграционных слоев кремния
Authors: Ломов А.А. , Середин Б.М. , Мартюшов С.Ю. , Заиченко А.Н. , Симакин С.Г. , Шульпина И.Л.
Published: February 2020

We suggest a technique of fabrication of thick heavily Ga doped by thermomigration layers of Si for modern power electronics devices. Structure perfection and layers composition as a function of formation temperature were studied by techniques of X-ray Lang topography, X-ray rocking curves and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The fabricated layers are single crystalline, no mismatch dislocations were found on the interface with the Si substrate. The Ga concentration in the layers can be varied in the range (1.6-4.8)1019 cm-3, being higher than for Si doping with aluminum.
Анализ углеродсодержащих материалов методом вторично-ионной масс-спектрометрии: содержание атомов углерода в sp-=SUP=-2-=/SUP=-- и sp-=SUP=-3-=/SUP=--гибридных состояниях
Authors: Дроздов М.Н. , Дроздов Ю.Н. , Охапкин А.И. , Юнин П.А. , Стрелецкий О.А. , Иешкин А.Е.
Published: February 2020

A new approach to the analysis of carbon-containing materials by the method of secondary ion mass spectrometry is studied, which allows one to determine the concentration of carbon atoms in the states of sp2 and sp3 hybridization. It is proposed to use the ratio of the intensities of cluster secondary ions C8/C7 as the main parameter of the mass spectra of secondary ions characterizing the concentration of N(sp3). From measurements of several test structures, a calibration dependence of N (sp3) on the C8/C7 ratio was obtained. The N(sp3) profiles of diamond-like carbon samples grown on diamond and silicon substrates were measured, showing an N(sp3) concentration of 0.3 to 0.6 for different growth modes and an inhomogeneous distribution of the N(sp3) concentration over the thickness of the samples.
Зависимость звукового удара от взаимного расположения тел в сверхзвуковом потоке
Authors: Потапкин А.В. , Москвичев Д.Ю.
Published: February 2020

Results of calculating the sonic boom generated in a supersonic air flow by two bodies (disk and slender body of revolution) are presented. The bodies are arranged one behind the other. The slender body is aerodynamically shaded by the disk. The free-stream Mach number is 2. The calculations are performed by a combined method of “phantom bodies.” By changing the disk position and its size, it is possible to reduce the sonic boom level. Based on the calculation results, the gas-dynamic factors affecting the sonic boom level are described.
Anthropologists Respond to The Lancet EAT Commission
Authors: Burnett Diana , Carney Megan A. , Carruth Lauren , Chard Sarah , Dickinson Maggie xxxx , Gálvez Alyshia , Garth Hanna , Hardin Jessica , Hite Adele , Howard Heather , Manderson Lenore , Mendenhall Emily , Saldaña-Tejeda Abril , Simmons Dana , Vasquez Emily , Vasquez Emily , Warin Megan , Yates-Doerr Emily
Published: February 2020

The Lancet Commissions are widely known as aspirational pieces, providing the mechanisms for consortia and networks of researchers to organize, collate, interrogate and publish around a range of subjects. Although the Commissions are predominantly led by biomedical scientists and cognate public health professionals, many address social science questions and involve social science expertise. Medical anthropologist David Napier was lead author of the Lancet Commission on Culture and Health (2014), for example, and all commissions on global health (https://www.thelancet.com/global-health/commissions) address questions of social structure, everyday life, the social determinants of health, and global inequalities.
The Impact of Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination on the Population Dynamics of Green Sea Turtles (Chelonia mydas)
Authors: Herrera Candy , Guerra Evelyn , Rosas Andrea , Wei Yingying , Pringle Jack , Espinoza Baltazar , Song Baojun
Published: February 2020

The sex of the turtles is determined by the incubation temperature of the eggs during the mid-trimester of development. In green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas), recent studies show that sex ratios are changing, producing a female-biased sex ratio within the population. We developed a novel continuous model to analyze the dynamics of the green sea turtle population long-term. We determine the safe operating space for the proportion of eggs that become male at which the population of green sea turtle can exist without going to extinction. When the proportion of male eggs leaves this range the overall turtles’ population collapses. Additionally, we examined how temperature changes affect the sex ratios of the green sea turtle population.
Effect of Online Health Information Seeking on Anxiety in Hospitalized Pregnant Women: Cohort Study
Authors: Coglianese Fabiana , Beltrame Vriz Giulia , Soriani Nicola , Piras Gianluca Niccolò , Comoretto Rosanna Irene , Clemente Laura , Fasan Jessica , Cristiano Lucia , Schiavinato Valentina , Adamo Valter , Marchesoni Diego , Gregori Dario
Published: February 2020

Background

There are approximately 1,000,000 pregnant women at high risk for obstetric complications per year, more than half of whom require hospitalization.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the relation between online health information seeking and anxiety levels in a sample of hospitalized woman with pregnancy-related complications.

Methods

A sample of 105 pregnant women hospitalized in northern Italy, all with an obstetric complication diagnosis, completed different questionnaires: Use of Internet Health-information (UIH) questionnaire about use of the internet, EuroQOL 5 dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire on quality of life, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire measuring general anxiety levels, and a questionnaire about critical events occurring during hospitalization.

Results

Overall, 98/105 (93.3%) of the women used the internet at home to obtain nonspecific information about health in general and 95/105 (90.5%) of the women used the internet to specifically search for information related to their obstetric disease. Online health information-seeking behavior substantially decreased the self-reported anxiety levels (P=.008).

Conclusions

Web browsing for health information was associated with anxiety reduction, suggesting that the internet can be a useful instrument in supporting professional intervention to control and possibly reduce discomfort and anxiety for women during complicated pregnancies.
The Roles of YouTube and WhatsApp in Dementia Education for the Older Chinese American Population: Longitudinal Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Shu Sara , Woo Benjamin K P
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

Dementia remains a stigmatized topic in the Chinese community.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to analyze and compare the usage of dementia educational YouTube videos and the modalities of video sharing over a 6-year period.

METHODS

Dementia educational videos were uploaded to YouTube. Data was collected over a 6-year period. Results from the first 3 years were compared to those from the second 3 years using descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis.

RESULTS

Over 6 years, the dementia educational videos generated a total watch time of 269,388 minutes, 37,690 views, and an average view duration of 7.1 minutes. Comparing the first and second 3-year periods of video performance data, there was a longer watch time (59,262 vs 210,126 minutes), more total views (9387 vs 28,303 views), and a longer average view duration (6.3 vs 7.4 minutes). Furthermore, WhatsApp has become a leading external traffic source and top sharing service, accounting for 43.5% (929/2137) and 67.0% (677/1011), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Over 6 years, YouTube has become an increasingly popular tool to deliver culturally sensitive dementia education to Chinese Americans. WhatsApp continues to be the preferred method of sharing dementia education and has become a top external traffic source to dementia educational videos. Taken together, these social media platforms are promising means of reducing the disparity in dementia knowledge in linguistically and culturally isolated populations.
Detecting Screams From Home Audio Recordings to Identify Tantrums: Exploratory Study Using Transfer Machine Learning (Preprint)
Authors: O'Donovan Rebecca , Sezgin Emre , Bambach Sven , Butter Eric , Lin Simon
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

Qualitative self- or parent-reports used in assessing children’s behavioral disorders are often inconvenient to collect and can be misleading due to missing information, rater biases, and limited validity. A data-driven approach to quantify behavioral disorders could alleviate these concerns. This study proposes a machine learning approach to identify screams in voice recordings that avoids the need to gather large amounts of clinical data for model training.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study is to evaluate if a machine learning model trained only on publicly available audio data sets could be used to detect screaming sounds in audio streams captured in an at-home setting.

METHODS

Two sets of audio samples were prepared to evaluate the model: a subset of the publicly available AudioSet data set and a set of audio data extracted from the TV show Supernanny, which was chosen for its similarity to clinical data. Scream events were manually annotated for the Supernanny data, and existing annotations were refined for the AudioSet data. Audio feature extraction was performed with a convolutional neural network pretrained on AudioSet. A gradient-boosted tree model was trained and cross-validated for scream classification on the AudioSet data and then validated independently on the Supernanny audio.

RESULTS

On the held-out AudioSet clips, the model achieved a receiver operating characteristic (ROC)–area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86. The same model applied to three full episodes of Supernanny audio achieved an ROC-AUC of 0.95 and an average precision (positive predictive value) of 42% despite screams only making up 1.3% (n=92/7166 seconds) of the total run time.

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest that a scream-detection model trained with publicly available data could be valuable for monitoring clinical recordings and identifying tantrums as opposed to depending on collecting costly privacy-protected clinical data for model training.