bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto del entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio sobre el tiempo de nado y función pulmonar en jóvenes nadadores de alto rendimiento
Authors: Troncoso Galleguillos Pablo , Rojas Cabezas Germán , González González Ricardo , Vicuña Salas Margarita
Published: December 2021

El sistema respiratorio puede limitar el desempeño físico en elevadas intensidades de esfuerzo, aún en sujetos entrenados, por lo que se plantea que el entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio (EMI) podría mejorar el tiempo de nado y la función pulmonar en jóvenes nadadores de alto rendimiento. El propósito fue determinar el efecto del EMI sobre la presión inspiratoria máxima (PIMax), la ventilación voluntaria máxima (VVM) y su influencia sobre el tiempo de nado. Seis nadadores (media de edad 15,7 ± 1,0 años) desarrollaron una serie de test fisiológicos y de desempeño físico antes y luego del EMI, incluyendo (1) mediciones de función pulmonar, PIMax, VVM15, (2) pruebas de nado cronometradas de 200m. Todos continuaron con su entrenamiento habitual de 18 horas semanales. El EMI utilizó una válvula portátil, umbral de presión flujo independiente al 70 % de la PIMax, ejecutaron 30 repeticiones dos veces al día durante tres semanas, con un total de 1080 repeticiones. Luego del EMI, la PIMax se incrementó significativamente (p = 0,028) con un 13,8 % de cambio, la VVM15 disminuyó significativamente (p = 0,028) con un -23 % de cambio, los tiempos totales de nado no mostraron diferencias significativas (p = 0,6) con un 0,6 % de cambio y una tendencia positiva en el tramo 150-200 m (-0,1 %). Así, tres semanas de EMI en nadadores de alto rendimiento, tienen un efecto positivo en la PIMax y en la VVM15, indujo mejoras fisiológicas que pueden incorporarse al entrenamiento. Sin embargo, no mejoró el tiempo de nado en pruebas de 200 m.
Metamorphoses and transformations of Protestant ritual in the socio-cultural space of Ukraine since the independence period
Authors: Ponochevna Hanna
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the methodological aspects of the application of the concepts of "metamorphosis" and "transformation" in the context of the analysis of modern religious activity, in particular Protestant religious practices. The methodology consists of the application of synergetic, axiological, historical, sociological, religious, and culturological approaches. Both: traditional methods of scientific research (analysis and synthesis, system method) and phenomenological and interpretive methods were used to reveal the peculiarities of Ukrainian Protestantism. The scientific novelty of the work is to identify the socio-cultural potential of ritual practices of Ukrainian Protestant communities. Conclusions. The analysis examines the impact of the metamorphosis and transformation of the Ukrainian Protestant ritual on the social and cultural space of Ukraine since its independence, which on the other hand, is also undergoing transformations due to historical and political changes in society that require simple answers to critical life questions which form the national value context.
Key words: Ukrainian Protestant ritual, metamorphosis, transformation, transformation, sociocultural practices
Trademark development: from stamp, mark, packaging – to certification
Authors: Khramova-Baranova Olena , Yakovets Inna
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to perform an art history analysis to show the impact of the development of brands, trademarks, packaging, and product quality control on certification development. The research methodology consists of the application of a specific historical method to analyze the impact of the development of trademark design and the popularization of certification actions, as well as the use of a comparative analysis method and a historical and cultural approach. This will help to identify the main trends in the development of a trademark, packaging for the establishment of certification in a global context. The scientific novelty lies in an attempt to comprehend and identify the main trends in the development of a trademark and packaging, which influenced the control of product quality and the establishment of certification, which is due to historical, social, cultural processes. Conclusions. The article shows the idea of certification and its general meaning since ancient times. The analysis of literary sources is carried out, which confirms the need for branding of products by the manufacturer to obtain high quality, the development of the design of an aesthetic and functional sign, packaging, and the formation of a legislative basis for certification. Analysis of brands, trademarks, the packaging indicates the interdependence of the ancient cultural heritage and the development of these areas since the twentieth century, which influenced the improvement of certification and should affect the quality of products and design in Ukraine.
Key words: brand, trademark, packaging, certification, design.
Creative dimensions of dniprovs's underground artists: Volodymyr Bublyk and Anatoly Sologub
Authors: Malikov Volodymyr
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the creative layer of the little-known Dnipro underground representatives in Ukrainian art criticism Volodymyr Bublyk (1950–2007) and Anatolii Solohub (1953–2014). As the methodology of scientific research was used an art history analysis based on the complex systematization, comparison, and generalization. The scientific novelty is in the introduction into scientific circulation of a significant part of the graphic heritage of Volodymyr Bublyk and Anatolii Solohub in the Dnipro region underground context of the 1980 s – 2000 s. Conclusions. An analysis of Volodymyr Bublyk and Anatolii Solohub’s work reveals a number of important aspects for characterizing the Dnipro “art of resistance”. The latter was formed in the conditions of a “closed” city, the impossibility of official exhibiting due to an alienated attitude towards the dominant ideology in the artistic process of that time. For many artists, these factors often became the cause of the existential catastrophe of every creative person. With contemporaries-brothers Volodymyr Loboda (1943), Serhii Aliev-Kovyka (1956), Oleksandr Nemiatyi (1954), the above-mentioned masters were related by the chosen format of radicalism, which was truly underground. However, the methods of creative communication of each person differed depending on the acquired life experience, the available body of knowledge, and personal temperament. The paintings of Volodymyr Bubluk combine the expression of images in a coloristic system that goes back to the aesthetics of the Fauves. A similar stylistic model of the master's painting can be delineated by the category of intuitive expressionism. The works of Anatolii Solohub are closely related to the folk tradition in their subject matter. The inner tension of his compositions, combined with unrestrained dynamics, strives for visual communication with the viewer.
Key words: Dnipro underground, plein air, painting, graphics, sculpture, folk painting, art society "Steppe".
Interior of coworking center as a unique art space of the XXI century
Authors: Prуkhod`ko Kseniia
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to identify trends and patterns of organization of the artistic space of the modern interior of the coworking center, as well as the creation of scientifically sound methods that argue appropriate ways to solve design problems in the field of aesthetics of the XXI century. Research methodology. The theoretical, structural, philosophical, and aesthetic method is applied; method of artistic and stylistic analysis to identify features of the interior design of Kyiv coworking centers; structural-semiotic method, which determines the artistic and figurative content in the interior design of modern coworking space. Scientific novelty. The main theoretical concepts that became the basis for defining the interior of the coworking center as a unique type of artistic space are considered; -an analysis of the basic spatial concepts developed by famous philosophers who understand it as an artistic space; identified and analyzed the features of artistic solutions in the process of designing working interiors of domestic coworking centers; the factors of influence on the artistic and figurative decision of the interior of the coworking space are determined. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of existing spatial concepts, it is determined that the space of a modern coworking center can be considered one of the types of artistic space and identify certain semantic categories (according to Gabrichevsky, Spengler, Heidegger, etc.). Characteristic techniques and means of artistic expression of modern interiors of coworking centers, which are related to the understanding of space as an artistic concept, reflect the idea of ​​its polyphony and determine the artistic and aesthetic principles of domestic interior coworking center in the first decades of the XXI century. The study found that in the interiors of modern Kyiv coworking spaces ("Magazine", "Platform" (Leonardo Business Center and Art Factory), "New Work Labs", "Kooperativ", "Hub 4.0", "Creative Quarter", "LIFT99 Kyiv Hub", "Anthill Space", "Lofti Space", "Creative States", "Toloka", "Garden - Smartwork") implemented Eurasian and European types of organization of artistic space.
Keywords: coworking center, interior design, artistic space, subject-spatial environment.
Ukrainian book art: ways of formation and development
Authors: Zaitseva Veronika
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to study the development of the directions of Ukrainian book art, the formation of new creative features in the European cultural space. The research methodology consists in the application of general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction) and methods of art history (comparative, typological, descriptive). The scientific novelty lies in the study of book art, which has always been important in Ukrainian art. Conclusions. Today, we have a large amount of fine works in the genre of book illustrations. These works reflected both the history of the Ukrainian literature, history of the national graphic art, as well as the history of cultural progress of Ukraine in general. Thus, book art is an extremely fruitful object of study, an intersection point, where the complicated process of interaction of socio-political, spiritual, cultural and artistic and aesthetic factors is underway. Thus, Ukrainian book graphics in different periods reflected all European trends – modernism, symbolism, neo-primitive art, futurism, cubism, expressionism, constructivism, realism, surrealism, Art Deco, neoclassicism. The originality of the artistic language emerged through the use of traditional motifs and vanguard image creation tools.
Keywords: research, culture, illustration, book, art, national traditions.
Décor as a form of social belonging in Ancient Rome
Authors: Chumachenko Olena
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article consists of exploring the category of décor as a form of social belonging in ancient Rome. The methodology consists in the application of analytical method – to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of the décor in the works of Roman architects and philosophers: Vitruvius, Cicero, Seneca, Epicurus; formalization method – to clarify the concept of "décor" within the subject field of art history; the hermeneutic method – for interpreting the semantic load of the notion "décor" in the context of the culture of Ancient Rome; method of comparative studies – for analyzing approaches to understanding the category of décor as a form of social belonging in Ancient Rome. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time the essence of the décor as a form of social belonging in Ancient Rome. Conclusions. In Ancient Rome, the phenomenon of "Entertainment" was an important component of the socio-cultural life of this period, there was not a single sphere where this phenomenon did not act as the main decoration, the triumphs of emperors, the luxurious life of the patricians, all this was expressed in one definition of Juvenal – "Bread and circuses", Which became a defining marker in the culture and art of Ancient Rome. Décor, as an integral part of this phenomenon, becomes a form of social belonging, reflecting the characteristics of the corresponding lifestyle. The transformation of the concepts "décor" and "ornare" is considered, the first - in the ideological aspect of respect for the imperial power, the second - in the traditional decoration of Roman armor for legionnaires, as a means of emphasizing their belonging to the military. The most striking example of décor was the Arc de Triomphe, built in honor of the emperors (the Arc de Triomphe of Titus, Trajan, Constantine, etc.). On the example of the works of Vitruvius, Cicero, Seneca, the meaning of the category "décor" was considered as "Decor ornamentorum", the correspondence of details in relation to the whole, individual, special beauty that organically combines the combination of individual parts of an object into a single whole, situation or setting. Defined "décor" as a form of social belonging in the context of the transformation of the four Pompeian styles based on the decoration of insula and domus for different segments of the population (Domus aurea, "Villa of the Mysteries" in Pompeii, the house of Marcus Lucretius Frontinus in Pompeii, the villa in Oplontisi, the house of Menander in Pompeii, "House with Red Walls", "House of the Century" and "House of Julius Polybius").
Keywords: décor, interpretation, a culture of Ancient Rome, Vitruvius, Entertainment, Seneca, mosaic.
Images of Ukrainian demonology in folk stage choreography
Authors: Gutnyk Iryna
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to find out the characteristic features of the use of the images of Ukrainian demonology in the folk-stage choreography of Ukraine. The methodology consists in the application of general scientific methods of theoretical and empirical levels: analysis and generalization of scientific and theoretical bases of research, comparative and logical methods, interview method; also art analysis of choreographic numbers of amateur and professional groups of Ukraine. These methods make it possible to characterize the most common images of Ukrainian demonology and to determine the peculiarities of their use and embodiment in folk-stage choreography. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the article, based on the analysis of choreographic works from the repertoires of amateur and professional groups, highlights the characteristic features of the use of images of Ukrainian demonology in folk-stage dance art. Conclusions. Demonological beliefs of Ukrainians are a kind of synthesis of mythological and religious ideas of the human about the universe and at the same time the embodiment of zest for life and democracy. Demon spirits are endowed with anthropomorphic features, i.e. they usually have a human likeness, and this presupposes the possibility of their use in folk-stage dance art. Choreographers create choreographic works based on their own plot, based on folk beliefs, rituals, and legends, as well as on the motives of literary works, the main characters of which are demonological characters. A stylized folk-stage dance with elements of acrobatics is often used to convey all the versatility and mysticism of mythological images. The use of images of Ukrainian demonology in folk-stage choreography contributes to the popularization of folk choreographic art, as well as increases the interest of modern society in national traditions.
Keywords: folk-stage dance; Ukrainian demonology, folk choreographic art.
Artistic and aesthetic principles of German expressive dance in the context of the development of modern dance in the XXI century
Authors: Babich Olha
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to identify the artistic and aesthetic features and leading trends in the development of German expressive dance of the first half of the twentieth century. and determine their impact on the development of modern dance in the first decades of the XXI century. Methodology. The system method is applied, thanks to which the peculiarities of German expressive dance are considered; the method of comparative analysis, which helped to identify common and distinctive features in the central concepts of dance K. Joss, M. Wingman, and P. Bausch; method of art history and artistic and stylistic analysis, through which identified and substantiated trends in the development of German modern dance and modern dance). Scientific novelty. The artistic and aesthetic principles of German expressive dance are studied on the basis of the analysis of choreography, aesthetics, and discourse of movement K. Joss, M. Wingman, and P. Bausch; the basic theatrical concepts of the range of emotions of the leading representatives of the German expressive dance motivating physical movement are revealed; determined that P. Bausch, M. Wingman and K. Yosse work with emotional space, which is directly related to physical movement and configures their own unique aesthetics of movement experience - dancers aestheticize the human body, covered and subject to strong emotions. Conclusions. The characteristic interest of German expressionist dance to inconspicuous, accidental, or natural manifestations of corporeality, the focus on violating previously established boundaries of art, the search for innovative ways to approach the chaos of reality, causing the formation of certain models of corporeality, and others. can be clearly seen in the modern dance of the early XXI century – phenomena, representing a unique way of artistic and bodily modeling of the world, become one of the important dancers and generators of current cultural and artistic values ​​and meanings.
Key words: German expressive dance, modern dance, artistic and aesthetic principles, K. Joss, M. Wigman, P. Bausch.
An artist’s biography in the modern science discourse
Authors: Mykulanynets Lesya
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article reveals the conceptual statements of the artistic personality in the XXI century by studying and generalizing humanitarian study theses. The research methodology: the biographic, analytical, historical, hermeneutic, systemic approaches were applied, which enabled the complex review of the aforementioned question. The scientific novelty. For the first time ever, the specifics of an artist’s chronicles under nowadays’ civilization conditions were rendered within the national art history framework. Conclusions. On the boundary of the XX – XXI centuries, an outstanding profile’s biography experienced considerable transformations referring to epoch changes and filled with new philosophic senses having reflected the trans-modern atmosphere. The contemporary chronicle is a complex dialectic phenomenon. It is culture-centered, contextual (aspiring after involving the novel character in human civilization continuum), and trying to solve current anthropological issues, as well as to regard the agent as the universal ontological codes bearer, and to declare the value of an artistic individual, etc. Meanwhile, the abovementioned genre reveals the epoch controversy being manifested via lack of moral ideals, ethics, and aesthetic canons, and personified leaders. The consequence of the situation is the fact of the chronicles being not necessarily identical to its actual prototype, but rather suggesting a possible variant of interpreting its essence.  Their author provides an original vision of facts and phenomena of the artist’s being, constructs, and represents the subject’s model in the available form reflecting the following: the master’s image; the concrete epoch’s portrait; the researcher’s autobiography. From this information source, the recipient builds his own history of the novel character. The methodology of rendering an artistic personality’s biography is based on the integration of humanitarian study advances, as well as an interdisciplinary approach, the interaction of various science discourses, contexts, senses, etc.
Keywords: biography; master; art history; culture; humanitarian study.
Stage techniques "subtext" and "apartе" in the verbal action of the actor
Authors: Soroka Ivan
Published: December 2021

Purpose of Article. To find out the peculiarities of understanding and interpretation of the techniques "subtext" and "apart"; in the stage speech of the actor; prove the features and commonalities between the two techniques. Methodology: analytical – to study the existing theoretical interpretations of the subtext and apparatus and their practical application; comparative – in the comparison and comparative analysis of theoretical and practical interpretations and applications of the techniques of "subtext" and "apart"; logical-generalizing – to summarize the results of the study, to formulate conclusions. Scientific novelty. Work is to prove that the subtext, as a method of expression of true thoughts, feelings, and intentions of the protagonist – is always present in the text. In the case of direct text – the subtext is open and is a thorough verbal action of the actor. In the case of non-direct text – the subtext is hidden and is an expression of foreign content, the meaning of the statement. For the first time, the commonalities and peculiarities of stage techniques "subtext", "apart" and the essence of the comedy of the situation at apart are considered and proved. Conclusions. It was found that K. Stanislavsky and the followers of his teachings interpret the subtext (illustrated subtext) as the inner life of the role, psychological baggage, the emotional and volitional beginning of stage speech, which justifies the utterance of the text. The commonalities and peculiarities of the stage techniques "subtext" and "apart" in the verbal action of the actor and the essence of the comedy of the reception "aparte" are considered and proved.
Collectors as consumers of works of fine art on the art market and their motivations
Authors: Akimov Dmytro
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article. Research and analysis of marketing technology algorithms by studying the motivations of collectors as consumers of fine arts products. The research methodology is to apply comparative, empirical, and theoretical methods. This methodological approach allows us to analyze the motivations of collectors as consumers of works of art with the subsequent use of research results in the marketing processes of promoting works of art in the art market. The scientific novelty lies in the expansion of ideas about the motivation of collectors as consumers in the market of fine arts and in the study of further marketing processes in the activities of collectors of works of art. The article analyzes the algorithms of marketing technologies in the analysis of motivations of collectors as consumers of the art market. The article establishes that in the marketing of fine arts it is relevant and necessary to study the behavior of collectors as consumers of works of art through the analysis of types of collectors, through the analysis of the processes of collecting works of art, through the analysis of situations of consumption of works of art. It should be noted that in the marketing of fine arts, the technologies of studying and analyzing the motivations of consumers of art markets in the promotion of works of art are purposefully and productively used. The analysis of motivations of consumers of art markets gives the chance to classify highly effective groups of consumers and admirers of works of fine arts according to their motivations. Conclusions. The article defines and analyzes the model of consumption of fine arts by Collectors, and, accordingly, describes the situations in which certain groups of individuals (consumer segments) acquire or collect works of art. It is proved that the collector's behavior in art marketing is based on three obligatory components: Individual (Collector) - Product (Work of art) - Situation (Consumption of a work of art in the art market). It is on these components that the types of motivation are formed, on which the model of consumption and consumer behavior is built. Thus, we have studied collectors as Individuals who consume works of art, which in turn are Products presented in kind in private (or other) collections, and we have studied the situations of consumption of works of art acquired in the collection.

Keywords: art market, marketing research, motivation of consumers of works of art, collectors of works of art, behavior of consumers of art market.
Kyiv Theatre of Classic Ballet: historical and artistic aspects (1981-1998)
Authors: Bilash Olha , Khotsianovska Liudmyla
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to learn the pattern of the artistic activities of the troupe "Theatre of Classic Ballet" in the context of the historical development of Ukrainian choreographic art of 1980th and 1990th. The methodology of the work contains using such research methods as general-historical, comparative-historical, analytical, etc. The scientific novelty of the publication lies in the exploration of the work of the troupe of "Theatre of Classic Ballet" its historical and artistic aspects for the first time in history. Conclusions. The activity of the artistic group has been connected with the work of famous Ukrainian ballet masters of the second half of the 20th century, such as V. Vronsky (1981-1986), V. Rybiy (1986-1988), and V. Kovtun (1989-1998). V. Vronsky has formed the principal cast of the troupe, create a basic repertoire, which included masterpieces of the world and Ukrainian classics. Also, the team has been popularized because of the cooperation with the leading theatres of the USSR. V. Rybiy has extended the concert programs of theatre with the help of the works of Soviet and European ballet masters. He has gained an ability to show those works in any theatrical conditions, using a minimum of stage designs. However, V. Kovtun has introduced in the repertoire big choreographic forms and, in order to implement them - he has expanded the troupe to 45 people. He has also invited famous Kyiv performers to take part in the program and has developed abilities for young artists to enter the troupe.

Keywords: Theatre of Classic Ballet, V. Vronsky, V. Rybiy, V. Kovtun, choreographic art.
Studi Modifikasi Geometri Sudu pada Turbin Air Propeller Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga
Authors: Darsono Febri Budi , Nurdin Akhmad , Widodo Rahmat Doni , Rusiyanto Rusiyanto
Published: December 2021

Desain kekuatan turbin air propeller berdasarkan ketahanan terhadap pembebanan gaya aksial dari air. Pembebanan gaya aksial pada turbin air propeller menyebabkan tegangan bending pada sudu dan berpotensi terjadi kegagalan sudu pada struktur turbin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk membandingkan kekuatan modifikasi desain geometri turbin air propeller, yaitu penambahan fillet pada sisi hub sudu dan penambahan ketebalan sudu. Pengambilan data penelitian ini dengan Metode Elemen Hingga menggunakan Solid Works Simulation 2016 dan pembebanan pada sudu dengan tekanan statik. Hasil akhir penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi desain geometris dengan penambahan ketebalan sudu lebih meningkatkan faktor keamanan dibandingkan penambahan fillet pada sisi hub sudu.
Pengaruh Setting Parameter pada Slicing Software terhadap Surface Roughness Objek 3D Printing menggunakan Metode Taguchi
Authors: Hasdiansah Hasdiansah , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto
Published: December 2021

Teknologi FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) merupakan salah satu teknologi yang digunakan untuk membuat objek 3D. FDM sering disebut sebagai teknologi yang sudah mampu mengubah dunia manufaktur dewasa ini. Namun teknologi FDM memiliki kelemahan karena teknologi ini menggunakan proses building per layer membuat permukaan yang dihasilkan terlihat memiliki garis yang menunjukan batas antar layer sehingga mempengaruhi kekasaran pada permukaan produk cetak.  Penelitian ini menggunakan filamen Super Tough PLA (ST.PLA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh parameter proses terhadap kekasaran permukaan objek cetak dan untuk mengetahui seting parameter proses yang menghasilkan kekasaran permukaan terbaik dari parameter proses yang digunakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Taguchi dengan matriks ortogonal L25(56).  Parameter proses yang akan dipilih dan dianalisis dalam penelitian ini adalah layer thickness, printing speed, nozzle temperature, orientation, flowrate, cooling speed dan respon yang diamati adalah kekasaran permukaan objek cetak. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan noise (gangguan) maka dicetak masing-masing tiga kali replikasi  Selanjutnya parameter proses tersebut akan dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Varian (ANOVA). Berdasarkan data  hasil pengukuran kekasaran permukaaan objek cetak,  maka diperoleh parameter proses yang memberikan pengaruh paling besar terhadap kekasaran permukaan objek cetak dengan menggunakan filamen ST-PLA adalah layer thickness dengan nilai F hitung sebesar 129,96, flowrate dengan nilai F hitung sebesar 6 dan orientation dengan nilai F hitung sebesar 3,03. Seting parameter proses yang menghasilkan nilai kekasaran permukaan terbaik objek cetak adalah 0,10 mm yaitu pada eksperimen nomor lima (Exp. No. 5) dengan rata-rata  12,61 µm, dengan pengaturan layer thickness, 45 mm/s pada pengaturan printing speed, 210˚C pada nozzle temperature, 0˚ pada orientation, 110% pada pengaturan flowrate dan 40% pada pengaturan cooling speed. Seluruh parameter proses tersebut disetting pada slicing software ideamaker 3.6.1. dalam menghasilkan G-Code objek cetak.
Pengaruh kondisi parameter pengelasan MAG sambungan las baja tidak sejenis terhadap struktur mikro dan kekerasan daerah HAZ
Authors: Kadir Harlian , Riswanda Riswanda , Alfauzi Abdul Syukur , Sumiyarso Bambang
Published: December 2021

Makalah ini difokuskan pada pengaruh kondisi parameter pengelasan MAG (Metal Active Gas) terhadap sifat kekerasan daerah HAZ, dan struktur mikro sambungan las baja tidak sejenis. Dalam industri Fabrikasi dan disain difokuskan pada kebutuhan untuk menggabungkan logam yang tidak sejenis, karena kebutuhan atau prasyarat Teknik baru disain yang kreatif dan sifat rancangan khusus.  Baja karbon rendah Hypoeutektoid (AISI 1015) dan baja tahan karat austentik (304L SS) dipilih dalam penelitian ini. Arus las digunakan dengan tiga variasi yang berbeda pada 120A, 130A dan 140A. Pengelasan MAG menggunakan kawat elektroda padat ER70S6, dengan diameter 1,2 mm. Identifikasi struktur makro di daerah terpengaruh panas (HAZ) dan kekerasan mikro vickers dan pengujian tarik dilakukan untuk setiap spesimen hasil las. Struktur makro sambungan las yang berbeda menunjukkan hasil pada variasi arus las 120A, kualitas sambungan las dan penetrasi lebih baik, jika dibandingkan dengan yang menggunakan arus las 130A dan 140A yang memiliki penetrasi berlebihan. Hasil kekerasan mikro vickers pada logam las lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan logam induk dan baja hypoeutektoid (AISI 1015) dan baja tahan karat austenitik  AISI 304L, dan kekerasan vickers pada logam las juga lebih tinggi karena pengaruh elektroda kawat padat ER70S6 yang digunakan. Haisl pengujian kekuatan tarik dan kekuatan luluh sambungan las MAG  meningkat pada 120A dan 140A, dan patahan terjadi ada pada baja hipo euctektoid (AISI 1015) dibatas antara daerah yang terpengaruh panas dan logam induk. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa sambungan las MAG dengan arus las 120A lebih baik digunakan untuk penyambungan logam tidak sejenis antara baja karbon rendah (AISI 1015) dan baja tahan karat austenitik (AISI 304L).
Analisis potensi pembayaran non tunai pada pedagang di Kota Langsa
Authors: Nurjanah Nurjanah
Published: December 2021

The study aims to look at the potential and barriers to non-cash payments in Langsa City. Using qualitative methods and the number of respondents as many as 6 people. The results of this study show that the city of Langsa has great potential in the application of non-cash payments along with the rapid increase of merchant development in the city of Langsa, and in the application has several obstacles including frequent network errors, lack of socialization about the use of digital transactions
INDENPENDENSI MAHKAMAH PELAYARAN DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PRINSIP NEGARA HUKUM
Authors: Nurhan
Published: December 2021

Indenpendensi Mahkamah Pelayaran jika dihubungkan dengan Prinsip Negara Hukumbelum dapat dikatakan Indenpendesi karena Mahakamah pelayaran merupakan Lembaga yang berada langsung dibawah Menteri Perhubungan sehingga masih adanya intervensi terhadap proses pemeriksaan; dalam prakteknya sulit dihindarkan adanya intervensi dari pihak lain. Adanya hubungan anggota Mahkamah Pelayaran dengan penegak pihak lain mencakup hubungan yang terlalu akrab dan pribadi, seperti pengusaha pelayaran dan pejabat dilingkungan Kementeian Perhubungan dapat menyulitkan Anggota Mahkamah Pelayaran dalam menjaga obyektifitasnya.
EKSEKUSI TERHADAP OBJEK JAMINAN FIDUSIA PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR.18/PUU-XVII/2019.
Authors: Darmiwati2021 Darmiwati
Published: December 2021

Fiduciary is the transfer of ownership rights to an object on the basis of trust provided that the object whose ownership rights are transferred remains in the control of the owner of the object. In the implementation of fiduciary, the goods that are pledged remain in the power of the debtor. Fiduciary guarantees are security rights for movable objects, both tangible and intangible and immovable objects, especially buildings that cannot be encumbered with mortgage rights. The principle of the object of the fiduciary guarantee is the creditor's trust in the debtor. In the fiduciary guarantee law, if the debtor defaults, the object of the fiduciary guarantee will be handed over to the creditor for the purpose of fiduciary execution. The fiduciary guarantee law gives the creditor the right to carry out the execution of the fiduciary guarantee object, the existence of this power, the creditor can withdraw the fiduciary guarantee object by means of parate execution. However, with the Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019 regarding the application for judicial review of Article 15 section (2) and section (3), which requires a breach of contract agreement between the creditor and the debtor and the debtor's willingness to submit the object of collateral, has eliminated the rights of creditors and eliminated the principle of material rights. Based on these problems, the question in the research is how to execute the object of fiduciary security after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019 and what is the impact of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019. The legal research method in this paper is normative juridical which is reform oriented research. The conclusion in this study should be in the fiduciary guarantee certificate including the completeness of the default clause, to strengthen the evidence that the debtor has committed a breach of contract. If the debtor (fiduciary giver), after being agreed by the parties, is deemed to be in breach of contract (default), the execution of the object of the fiduciary guarantee can be carried out independently.
A Literature Review on Automatic Generation of Examinations
Authors: Ndegwa Ndirangu Peter , Maina Muuro Elizaphan , Kihoro John
Published: December 2021

The examination is a key activity in determining what the learner has gained from the study. Institutions of higher learning (IHL) perform this activity through various assessment methods (test/examination, practical, etc.). The world today is focused on automation of exam generation which is ongoing with dire need during this period of the COVID-19 pandemic when education is greatly affected, leading to embracing online learning and examination. A text/exam comprises questions and answers that focus on evaluation to determine the student’s conversant level in the area of study. Each question has a cognitive level as described by (Armstrong, 2016) in the revised Bloom’s taxonomy. Questions chosen have cognitive levels based on the level of study and standardization of the exam. There is, therefore, a need to consider the question’s cognitive level along with other factors when generating an examination by incorporating deep learning algorithms.
An Expressionist Painter of the Fourteenth Century
Authors: Chumak Maria
Published: December 2021

Theophanes the Greek was one of the well-known artists of exceptional personality who lived in the second half of the 14th century. His talent stood out on account of the expressionist manner in which he portrayed his art creations and their impact on the school of Russian religious painting. His artistic talent, “swift brush” painting manner and life adventure can be compared with those of Doménikos Theotokópoulos (El Greco), another famous Greek painter, who brought the Cretan dramatic and expressionistic style to the West, influencing the Spanish Renaissance two hundred years after Theophanes. The artistic heritage of Theophanes stands between the short vibrant period of the Palaeologan Renaissance when the Byzantine Empire went through a terminal crisis, and the European Proto-Italian Renaissance. The artist seized the opportunity to unleash his creative work in the ancient Russian cities, unfolding his talent in the creation of large mural paintings. Characterized by his contemporaries as “Theophanes the Greek, icon painter and philosopher”, he enjoyed a high reputation in medieval Russian society. Present article questions Theophanes’ belonging to the hesychast movement and the attribution of the Muscovite icons and manuscripts to the painter. Considering the impact of Theophanes on Russian visual art, D. Talbot Rice stated: “It was thanks to the teaching of Greek immigrants like Theophanes that a sound foundation was established Russian painting, and it was on this basis that local styles were founded.” And it was in the Russian principalities that Theophanes developed his very distinctive style, enjoying carte blanche from the princes and boyars (aristocracy) to apply his creativity in various domains.
AGAMA LOKAL PRIBUMI SASAK (MENELUSURI JEJAK “ISLAM WETU TELU” DI LOMBOK)
Authors: Sirnopati Retno
Published: December 2021

Istilah Islam Wetu Telu masih kontroversi karena istilah tersebut dianggap buatan kolonialisme untuk mengkotak-kotak Islam yang ada di Lombok. Dengan demikian agama asli Suku Sasak perlu ditelusuri dan dikaji sehingga masyarakat lokal Lombok memahami asal usul agama dan akar budaya budayanya. Istilah Wetu Telu secara umum dipahami sebagai kepercayaan masyarakat lokal Sasak yang belum menerima pemahaman Islam secara utuh. Penjelasan tentang Wetu Telu akan diuraikan berdasarkan kepada pandangan atau pendapat dari orang dalam sendiri (insider) dan orang luar (outsider). Tulisan ini akan menguraikan tentang jejak Islam wetu telu; jejak dan perkembangannya di Gumi Sasak Lombok. Tulisan ini merupakan kajian pustaka dengan mengkaji beberapa refrensi utama dari penelitian sebelumnya tentang Islam Sasak yang berada di Pulau Lombok. Dari hasil telaah disimpulkan bahwa Wetu Telu yang dianggap sebagai kepercayaan lokal masyarakat Sasak Lombok keyakinannnya merupakan bentuk sinkretik dari kepercayaan sebelumnya (Hindu-Budha-Boda) yang sering dihadapkan pada kepercayaan Islam Waktu Lima.  Orang luar melihat hanya pada aspek terminologi yang seringkali berbeda dengan pemahaman penganut Wetu Telu itu sendiri sehingga terjadi kesalahpahaman maksud dari Wetu Telu. Adapun bagi penganut Wetu Telu, istilah tersebut hanya merupakan simbolik yang memiliki makna dan interpretasi yang luas.
PREDIKSI DEBIT ALIRAN MASUK KE TELAGA MENJER MENGGUNAKAN PERSAMAAN NERACA AIR DAN PEMODELAN HEC-HMS
Authors: Pratama Hiro Agung , Ikhsan Jazaul , Apip Apip
Published: December 2021

The Menjer lake is the main source for Hydroelectric Power Plant of the PLTA Garung. Information about the water balance and the potential of existing water resources in the Menjer Catchment Area (DTA) is needed to obtain an efficient operating pattern, the sustainability of the Garung hydropower plant, and good management of the Menjer Lake. The purpose of this study was to estimate the inflow of three main rivers in the Menjer catchment area using HEC-HMS hydrological and water balance approach. Simulated results of the HEC-HMS model shows that the average of total the inflows of three main rivers to the Menjer lake in 2017, 2018 and 2019 during rainy season are 0.954 m3/s, 0.944 m3/s, and 1.017 m3/s, and during dry season are 0.820 m3/s, 0.783 m3/s, and 0.80 m3/s, respectively. While the prediction results of the discharge with the equation of the water balance shows that the average of total river inflows to the Menjer lake during rainy season is 2017 is 1.628 m3/s, in 2018 it is 1.579 m3/s, and in 2019 it is 3.296 m3/s and during dry season is 1.893 m3/s in 2017, 1.176 m3/s tahun 2018, and 1.893 m3/s in 2019. These results indicate that the results of discharge modeling with HEC-HMS are smaller than those predicted by the water balance equation. The study concluded that HEC-HMS could be used to predict daily inflows. However, further calibration and validation need to be carried out by recommending installing a river flow monitoring station at each river outlet.Keywords: water balance HEC-HMS, inflow prediction
İman ve Bilgi İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Eleştiri
Authors: İBİŞ Fatih
Published: December 2021

Çağdaş dönemde pek çok kelâm eserinde iman ve bilgi arasında ilişki kurulması neredeyse sıradan bir durum haline gelmiştir. Pek çok araştırmacının iki kavram arasında bir şekilde olumlu bir diyalektiğin önünü açmayı amaçladığı söylenebilir. Bu sayede bilgiden imana, imandan bilgiye giden âdeta stabilize bir yol açılmış sayılır. Böylece bilgi ve düşünce temeline oturan iman tahkîkî iman niteliği kazanarak daha güçlü hâle gelmiş, salt kalbî, duygusal bir edim olmanın ötesine taşınarak rasyonel ve kognitif bir temele oturmuş sayılır. Ancak bu ilişkiye dayanarak söyleme güç katmak adına iman esaslarını terâküm eden bilimsel ve felsefî müktesebâtla desteklemek karşımıza bazı sorunlar çıkarmaktadır. Nitekim bunun en tipik örneğini iman tanımıyla ilgili yapılan detaylı açıklamalarda buluyoruz. Sünnî mütekellimler imanı kalp ile tasdik olarak tanımlamışlardır. Sorun şu ki zaman içinde kelâmın kalbine akıl, tasdikine bir başka disiplinin, mantık ilminin tasdiği karışmış, karıştırılmıştır. Kelâmî tasdikle felsefî/mantıksal tasdik nominal yönü dışında özü itibariyle birbirleriyle örtüşen tasdik türleri değildir.
Oryantalist James Robson’un Sünnet ve Hadisle İlgili Bazı Görüş ve Yaklaşımlarına Eleştirel Bir Bakış
Authors: DÖNMEZ Mustafa
Published: December 2021

XX. Yüzyılında oryantalistlerin, İslâm’la ilgili çalışmaları yoğunlaşmış, belirli bir zaman dilimi içerisinde klasik bir form halini almıştır. Özellikle İslâmî kaynakların bir kısmının tahkikli neşirlerinin yapılmasında, kataloglarının hazırlanmasında, Batı dillerine tercüme edilmesi ve neşredilmesinde, inceleme ve tenkit gibi bilimsel faaliyetlerinin yoğunlaşmasında, Goldziher (ö. 1921), Massignon (ö. 1962), Gibb (ö. 1971) gibi benzer oryantalistlerin etkili oldukları bir gerçektir. Araştırmanın kapsam ve çerçevesi içerisinde oryantalistlerin Sünnet ve hadislere olan yaklaşımı üzerinde durulmuş, bu bağlamda hadisle ilgili araştırmalarıyla dikkat çeken ve söylemleriyle öncekilerden daha ılımlı görünen oryantalist James Robson (ö. 1981)’un hadislere bakış açısı ele alınmıştır. Araştırmamızdaki yöntemde ise, sosyal bilimlerin nitel araştırma teknikleri uygulanarak, yazarın konuyla ilgili görüşleri analiz edilmiş, gerekli görülen yaklaşımları eleştirilmiştir. Araştırmamız, James Robson’un Sünnet ve hadisle ilgili yaklaşımlarının tutarlığını ve ideolojik yönünü incelemek, değerlendirme yaparak doğru tespitler ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Şimdiye Kadar Bilinmeyen Bir Nasihat: Sünbül Sinan Efendi’nin Vasiyetnâme’si
Authors: BOZBUĞA Yunus
Published: December 2021

Sünbül Sinan Efendi (ö. 936/1529), Osmanlı Devleti hükümdarlarından II. Bayezid (ö. 918/1512), I. Selim (ö. 926/1520) ve I. Süleyman (ö. 974/1566) ile Eftalzâde (ö. 908/1503), Zenbilli Ali Efendi (ö. 932/1526) ve Kemalpaşazâde (ö. 940/1534) gibi meşhur şeyhülislamların yaşadığı dönemde yaşamış ve XV. yüzyıl devlet erkanı, sûfîler ve fakihler tarafından itibar görmüş bir sûfî âlimdir. Sünbül Efendi, Halvetîliğe bağlı Sünbülîlik tarikatını şeyhinden makamı devralmasıyla birlikte kurmuş ve irşad çalışmalarına başlamıştır. Otuz üç yıl süren şeyhlik hayatı boyunca İstanbul Fatih sınırları dâhilinde olan “Koca Mustafa Paşa Cami”nde geçirmiş ve caminin adı daha sonra “Sünbül Efendi Cami” olarak meşhur olmuştur. Bu önemine binaen çalışmamızın amacı yaptığımız literatür taramaları esnasında kendisinde bugüne kadar hakkında yapılan çalışmada atıf almamış, kendisinin olduğu düşünülen Vasiyetnâme adlı manzum bir eseri gün yüzüne çıkarmaktır. Bu kapsamda Sünbül Efendi’nin hayatı ana hatlarıyla değinilecek, ardından Vasiyetnâme adlı eser latinize edilip değerlendirilecektir.
Mutarrizî’nin el-İḳnâʿ Adlı Eserinde Aksam-ı Sitte Öğretimi
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Aladdin
Published: December 2021

Sarf ilmi, Arap dilinin iki ana branşından biri olup, fiiller ve bunların çekimleri üzerinde en çok yoğunlaştığı alan olmuştur. Bunun sebebi, fiillerin öğrenilmesi ve öğretilmesinin daha çok emek, dikkat, devamlılık isteyen çetrefilli bir saha olmasıdır. Kök itibarıyla Arapçadaki fiillerin büyük bir çoğunluğu üç harfli (sülasi) olup bunların mazi ve muzaride aldıkları ilk görünümler altı kalıp “Aksam-ı sitte” başlığı altında sarf kitaplarında incelenmiştir. Bu kalıpların anlatımı sarf kitaplarında oldukça veciz bir şekilde ele alınmıştır.

Bu çalışma, Orta Asya coğrafyasına mensup Ebu’l-Feth Nâsıruddîn b. Abdisseyyid Alî b. el-Mutarrizî tarafından telif edilen, el-İḳnâʿ limâ ḥavâ taḥte’l-ḳınâʿ adlı el yazma eserde geçen sarf ilmi (kelime bilgisi) konusu ile alakalıdır. Arap dili konusunda tanınan bir isim olmasıyla beraber Mutarrizî’nin adı geçen eseri ve muhtevası pek az kişi tarafından bilinmektedir. Sarf ilmine dair derin bilgiye sahip olduğu bilinen müellif, bu birikimini en uzun bölüm olarak yukarıda zikredilen eserinde aktarmıştır. Bu bölümde “aksam-ı sitte”nin uzun ve tertipli anlatımı oldukça dikkat çekmektedir. Müellifin konuyu uzun anlatmasında bir amacının olduğunu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, “Hârizimli Alim Mutarrizî’nin el-İḳnâʿ Adlı Eserinde Aksam-ı Sitte Öğretimi” başlığı altında aksam-sitte konusuna eserin yöntem ve yaklaşımının ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir.
Sanal (Kripto) Para Birimlerinin İslam Hukuku Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ONUR Mehmet
Published: December 2021

Finansal Teknolojiler son yıllarda dünyada sayı ve nicelik açısından süratli bir şekilde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Finansal teknolojilerin de en çok tartışılan konuşulanı ise şifreli blok zincir data konstrüksiyonu dahilinde değerlendirilen sanal para birimleridir. Bu çalışmamızda sanal para birimlerinin data enfrastrüktürünü meydana getiren blockhain sistemini ve bu kripto para elemanlarını İslam hukuku temel prensiplerini merkeze alarak incelemek istiyoruz. Sanal para birimleri masaüstü, laptop bilgisayarlarda ve akıllı telefonlarda var olan verilerle elektronik şekilde kaydedildiği için istihsal ve güvenilirlikleri hususunda ikirciklikler meydana gelmektedir. Fakat sanal paraların kapsayıcı bir düzenleme ile şüpheleri bertaraf edecek gerekli altyapıları hazırlamaları halinde bu konu ile alakalı konuşulan ve tartışılan hususlar değişecek midir? Buradan hareketle, bu sistem içinde yer alan muhataraları olumsuz meşru olmayan risk içerisinde değerlendirebilir miyiz? Bu ve benzeri problemlerin, İslam hukuku temel prensipleri bağlamında değerlendirilmeye ve incelenmeye muhtaçtır. Bunun için biz de bu konuyu incelemeyi kararlaştırdık.