bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Government and Foreign Funding Influence Individual Donations to Religious Nonprofits? A Survey Experiment in Pakistan
Authors: Wasif Rafeel , Prakash Aseem
Published: November 2017

Donors support faith-based organizations whose missions and work cohere with their religious values. Might such donors located in the local community be less likely to donate to a hypothetical Madrasa, an Islamic seminary providing K-12 education, which receives funding from non-local sources, specifically the federal government or foreign donors? We examine this question using a survey experiment in Lahore, Pakistan. Because some Madrasa students have indulged in acts of terrorism, the government of Pakistan has offered Madrasas financial assistance to secularize their curriculums. Most Madrasas, however, have refused government funding because they fear it will harm their reputations in the local community for piety and religious training. Alongside, several foreign donors also provide funds to Madrasas, some to aid governmental reform efforts, and others for religious reasons. Based on the survey of 530 respondents, we find that acceptance of government funding does not diminish the respondents’ willingness to donate to the hypothetical Madrasa. Additionally, we find modest evidence that willingness to donate diminishes when the Madrasa accepts money from donors in Saudi Arabia and the United States (but not Germany).
An ion-exchange strategy for I-doped BiOCOOH nanoplates with enhanced visible light photocatalytic NOx removal
Authors: Feng Xin , Li Xinwei , Cui Wen , Dong Fan , Zhang Tierui
Published: November 2017

A simple ion-exchange method was developed for I-doped BiOCOOH nanoplates from the replacement of COOH− ions with I− ions in the interlayers of BiOCOOH. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, UV-vis DRS PL and photocurrent generation. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared catalysts was evaluated by removal of NO in air at ppb level under visible light irradiation. As expected, the I-doped BiOCOOH (IHB-X, the X represents the molar ratio of KI to BiOCOOH) displayed increased visible light absorption and enhanced charge separation due to I-doping. At a saturate I-doping content, the IHB-1.00 catalyst with optimized electronic structure demonstrated the highest NO removal of 49.7% and excellent photochemical stability. This present work has demonstrated a new strategy for modification of layered photocatalyst via ion exchange.
Radioiodination of olmesartan medoxomil and biological evaluation of the product as a tracer for cardiac imaging
Authors: Sanad M. H. , Marzook Ebtisam. A. , Challan Safaa B.
Published: November 2017

The present study is oriented to synthesis of radioiodinated olmesartan medoxomil (OM) for potential cardiac imaging. Olmesartan medoxomil has been labeled with [125/131I] using chloramine-T (Ch-T) as an oxidizing agent. The key effective factors such as amount of oxidizing agent, amount of substrate, pH, reaction temperature and reaction time, have been systematically studied to get high radiochemical yield of the [125I]olmesartan medoxomil reaching values of 98.5%. The labeled compound was separated and purified using thin layer chromatography (TLC), paper electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The biological distribution indicates the suitability of [125I]olmesartan medoxomil as a novel tracer to image heart with high heart/blood ratio within 30 min which was detected by gamma camera.
Analysis of subcellular structural tension in axonal growth of neurons
Authors: Guo Yi Chen , Wang Yu Xuan , Ge Yan Ping , Yu Lu Jia , Guo Jun
Published: November 2017

The growth and regeneration of axons are the core processes of nervous system development and functional recovery. They are also related to certain physiological and pathological conditions. For decades, it has been the consensus that a new axon is formed by adding new material at the growth cone. However, using the existing technology, we have studied the structural tension of the nerve cell, which led us to hypothesize that some subcellular structural tensions contribute synergistically to axonal growth and regeneration. In this review, we classified the subcellular structural tension, osmotic pressure, microfilament and microtubule-dependent tension involved controllably in promoting axonal growth. A squeezing model was built to analyze the mechanical mechanism underlying axonal elongation, which may provide a new view of axonal growth and inspire further research.
Effects of Load on Peak Power Output Fatigue During the Bench Throw
Authors: Boffey David , Sokmen Bulent , Sollanek Kurt , Boda Wanda , Winter Steven
Published: November 2017

Boffey, D, Sokmen, B, Sollanek, K, Boda, W, and Winter, S. Effects of load on peak power output fatigue during the bench throw. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 355–359, 2019—The ability to create power is an important variable for athletic success. No study to date has compared peak power output (PPO) fatigue across multiple sets and with different loads with the bench throw. This study aimed to begin the process of establishing empirical upper-body power training guidelines for moderately strong athletes by determining how load (30, 45, and 60% 1 repetition maximum [1RM]) affects PPO (Watts) dropoff during 3 sets of 10 repetitions of the bench throw. Ten resistance-trained male volunteers ([mean ± SD]: age 20.58 ± 1.36 years, height 176.05 ± 9.09 cm, body mass 78.65 ± 9.93 kg, bench press 1RM 99.79 ± 18.52 kg) performed 3 sets of 10 repetitions of the bench throw with one of the 3 loads during 3 weekly sessions. A Humac 360 device collected concentric phase PPO data during each repetition. The data were analyzed using one-way (treatment) and 2-way (treatment × time) repeated-measures analysis of variance. A significant decrease in PPO was observed during repetitions 5–7 at 30%, 3–4 at 45%, and 2–3 at 60% 1RM. Based on the results of this study, coaches who want to maximize power should potentially keep sets of upper-body plyometrics within these repetition ranges. The authors recommend that moderately strong athletes perform the bench throw on a Smith machine at 45% or 60% 1RM to produce high PPO over multiple sets.
Self-Selected Resistance Exercise Load: Implications for Research and Prescription
Authors: Barbosa-Netto Sebastião , d'Acelino-e-Porto Obanshe S. , Almeida Marcos B.
Published: November 2017

Barbosa-Netto, S, d'Acelino-e-Porto, OS, and Almeida, MB. Self-selected resistance exercise load: implications for research and prescription. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S166–S172, 2021—Resistance training has been widely used for maintaining or improving the quality of life and sports performance. It is not clear, however, whether the load commonly used in these exercises is equivalent to the number of repetitions determined for execution, that is, the level of effort applied to the self-selected load. Ergo, the aim of this study was to identify the number of maximum repetitions that strength training practitioners can perform with the load commonly used (self-selected) to perform 10 repetitions in their training routines. The sample consisted of 160 healthy trained men (25.7 ± 4.5 years, 81.2 ± 10.4 kg, 177.9 ± 6.2 cm). Subjects answered the question “What weight do you usually lift for 10 repetitions on free-weight bench press exercise?” The answer was considered the self-selected 10 repetitions load (S10RL). After a brief warm-up, each individual was instructed to perform as many repetitions as possible at S10RL (repetition maximum [RMS10RL]) at a single bout of free-weight bench press. The RMS10RL was analyzed with the single sample t test, adopting the reference value of 10 repetitions. Individuals performed 16 ± 5RMS10RL (median = 15), which represent a statistical difference for the 10-repetition reference value (p < 0.001). The most prevalent RMS10RL range was from 13 to 15 repetitions (31%), and only 22% performed between 10 and 12 repetitions. It was concluded that most individuals can perform a number of repetitions well above the 10 repetitions predicted for the selected load. Therefore, the training routines are not compatible with maximum effort.
Sex Differences in Aerobic Fitness in Top-Class Soccer Referees
Authors: Castagna Carlo , Bizzini Mario , D'Ottavio Stefano , Araújo Póvoas Susana C.
Published: November 2017

Castagna, C, Bizzini, M, D'Ottavio, S, and Araújo Póvoas, SC. Sex differences in aerobic fitness in top-class soccer referees. J Strength Cond Res 32(11): 3216–3221, 2018—The aim of this study was to assess the aerobic-fitness differences between male and female top-class soccer field referees (FRs). This with the purpose to provide cutoff values useful for training prescription in female FRs. Forty female top-class FRs (age 34.18 ± 3.50 years and 5 ± 3.9 years international refereeing experience) and 52 male FRs (age 38.4 ± 3.3 years and 5 ± 3.5 years international refereeing experience) candidates in the preliminary open list developed by the FIFA Refereeing Department for the 2014 and 2015 World Cup Tournaments, participated in the study. The FRs were tested for aerobic fitness under laboratory conditions with a progressive speed treadmill test until exhaustion. Female FRs showed to possess, on average, lower (large effect) levels of aerobic fitness and performance compared with their male counterparts. The female FRs' V̇o
2max (48.1 ± 4.4 ml·kg−1·min−1) was 7% (large effect) lower than the male FRs (51.9 ml·kg−1·min−1). Peak treadmill speed was 11% lower (large effect) in female FRs (16.27 ± 0.94 vs. 14.64 ± 0.96 km·h−1). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis enabled cutoff values (47.8 ml·kg−1·min−1 for V̇o
2max) that may be used as preliminary cues to guide physiological selection and training prescription in female FRs aiming to officiate male-soccer matches. Only 2.5% of the female FRs showed V̇o
2max higher than the mean values of male FRs when using the scaled notation (0.68). Female FRs aiming to officiate male competitions should consider training intensities at anaerobic threshold speed (13 km·h−1, 95% heart rate max) when developing aerobic fitness. Given the very large sex differences in aerobic performance, strength/power training should be proposed to perspective female top-class FRs.
Total and Segmental Body Composition Examination in Collegiate Football Players Using Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual X-ray Absorptiometry
Authors: Raymond Christiana J. , Dengel Donald R. , Bosch Tyler A.
Published: November 2017

Raymond, CJ, Dengel, DR, and Bosch, TA. Total and segmental body composition examination in collegiate football players using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual X-ray absorptiometry. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 772–782, 2018—The current study examined the influence of player position on the agreement between multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MfBIA) and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) when assessing total and segmental percent body fat (BF%), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate football athletes. Forty-four male collegiate athletes (age = 19 ± 1 year; height = 1.9 ± 1.0 m; and body mass = 106.4 ± 18.8 kg) participated. Player positions included: offensive linemen (OL; n = 7), tight ends (TE; n = 4), wide receivers (WR; n = 9), defensive linemen (DL; n = 6), defensive backs (DB; n = 8), linebackers (LB; n = 6), and running backs (RB; n = 4). Total and segmental body composition measured using MfBIA were compared with values obtained using DXA. Compared with DXA, MfBIA underestimated BF% (3.0 ± 3.8%), total FM (2.5 ± 4.3 kg), arm FM (0.4 ± 0.8 kg), arm FFM (1.4 ± 0.9 kg), leg FM (2.8 ± 2.0 kg), and leg FFM (5.4 ± 2.4 kg) (all p < 0.001; arm FM p = 0.002) and overestimated total FFM (−2.4 ± 4.5 kg) (p < 0.001). Limits of agreement (LOAs) were: ±7.39% (BF%), ±8.50 kg (total FM), ±1.50 kg (arm FM), ±1.83 kg (arm FFM), ±3.83 kg (leg FM), ±4.62 kg (leg FFM), and ±8.83 kg (total FFM). No significant differences were observed between devices for trunk FM (−0.3 ± 3.0 kg; p = 0.565) and trunk FFM (0.4 ± 2.4 kg; p = 0.278), with LOAs of ±5.92 and ±4.69 kg, respectively. Player position significantly affected all between-device mean body composition measurement differences (adjusted p ≤ 0.05), with OL demonstrating the greatest effect on each variable. Therefore, MfBIA does not seem accurate in examining between-player body composition in college football players.
Effect of Load Carriage on Tactical Performance in Special Weapons and Tactics Operators
Authors: Thomas Matthew , Pohl Michael B. , Shapiro Robert , Keeler Jason , Abel Mark G.
Published: November 2017

Thomas, JM, Pohl, MB, Shapiro, R, Keeler, J, and Abel, MG. Effect of load carriage on tactical performance in special weapons and tactics operators. J Strength Cond Res 32(2): 554–564, 2018—Special weapons and tactics (SWAT) operators are specially trained personnel that are required to carry equipment to perform high-risk tasks. Given the need to carry this equipment, it is important to understand the potentially deleterious effect that the additional load may have on tactical performance. Furthermore, it is important to identify physical fitness characteristics that are associated with the potential decrement in performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of load carriage on tactical physical ability and marksmanship and to identify fitness characteristics associated with any decrement in performance. Twelve male SWAT operators were timed while performing a simulated tactical test (STT) on a live firing range with (loaded condition) and without equipment (unloaded condition). A battery of physical fitness assessments were used to assess anaerobic and aerobic power, muscular endurance, strength, agility, and flexibility. Paired-samples t-tests were used to identify differences between STT conditions, and bivariate correlations were used to determine relationships between STT and fitness outcomes. Time to complete the STT in the loaded condition increased by 7.8% compared with the unloaded condition (p < 0.001). Nine of the 13 STT tasks were performed significantly slower in the loaded condition. Fatigue index (r = 0.64) and V̇o
2peak (r = −0.62) were associated with the decrement in the overall STT time. Marksmanship was not different between load carriage conditions (p = 0.816). These findings indicate that resistance to anaerobic fatigue and aerobic power are related to the decrement in tactical performance produced by load carriage.
Effects of Different Resistance Training Systems on Muscular Strength and Hypertrophy in Resistance-Trained Older Women
Authors: Ribeiro Alex S. , Aguiar Andreo F. , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Nunes João P. , Cavalcante Edilaine F. , Cadore Eduardo L. , Cyrino Edilson S.
Published: November 2017

Ribeiro, AS, Aguiar, AF, Schoenfeld, BJ, Nunes, JP, Cavalcanti, EF, Cadore, EL, and Cyrino, ES. Effects of different resistance training systems on muscular strength and hypertrophy in resistance-trained older women. J Strength Cond Res 32(2): 545–553, 2018—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training (RT) performed in a pyramid (PR) vs. constant (CT) load system on muscular strength and hypertrophy in resistance-trained older women. Thirty-three older women (69.7 ± 5.9 years, 69.1 ± 15.0 kg, 156.6 ± 6.2 cm, and 28.1 ± 5.4 kg·m−2) were randomized into 2 groups: one that performed RT with a CT load (n = 16) and another group that performed RT in an ascending PR fashion (n = 17). Outcomes included 1 repetition maximum (RM) tests and assessment of skeletal muscle mass estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The study lasted 32 weeks, with 24 weeks dedicated to preconditioning and 8 weeks for the actual experiment. The RT program was conducted 3 d·wk−1; the CT consisted of 3 sets of 8–12RM with same load across sets, whereas the PR consisted of 3 sets of 12/10/8RM with incremental loads for each set. A significant (p ≤ 0.05) change from pretraining to posttraining was observed for chest press total strength (CT: pre = 122.8 ± 21.0 kg, post = 128.9 ± 21.4 kg, effect size [ES] = 0.28; PR: pre = 120.5 ± 22.8 kg, post = 125.8 ± 22.9 kg, ES = 0.24) and muscle mass (CT: pre = 21.4 ± 3.6 kg, post = 21.7 ± 3.5 kg, ES = 0.09; PR: pre = 20.9 ± 3.4 kg, post = 21.1 ± 3.4 kg, ES = 0.06) without differences between groups. Results suggest that both systems are effective to improve strength and muscle growth, but PR is not superior to CT for inducing improvements in previously trained older women.
Biomechanical Methods to Quantify Muscle Effort During Resistance Exercise
Authors: Chiu Loren Z.F.
Published: November 2017

Chiu, LZF. Biomechanical methods to quantify muscle effort during resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res 32(2): 502–513, 2018—Muscle hypertrophy and strength adaptations elicited by resistance training are dependent on the force exerted by active muscles. As an exercise may use many muscles, determining force for individual muscles or muscle groupings is important to understand the relation between an exercise and these adaptations. Muscle effort—the amount of force or a surrogate measure related to the amount of force exerted during a task—can be quantified using biomechanical methods. The purpose of this review was to summarize the biomechanical methods used to estimate muscle effort in movements, particularly resistance training exercises. These approaches include the following: (a) inverse dynamics with rigid body models, (b) forward dynamics and EMG-driven models, (c) normalized EMG, and (d) inverse dynamics with point-mass models. Rigid body models quantify muscle effort as net joint moments. Forward dynamics and EMG-driven models estimate muscle force as well as determine the effect of a muscle's action throughout the body. Nonlinear relations between EMG and muscle force and normalization reference action selection affect the usefulness of EMG as a measure of muscle effort. Point-mass models include kinetics calculated from barbell (or other implement) kinematics recorded using electromechanical transducers or measured using force platforms. Point-mass models only allow the net force exerted on the barbell or lifter-barbell system to be determined, so they cannot be used to estimate muscle effort. Data from studies using rigid body models, normalized EMG, and musculoskeletal modeling should be combined to develop hypotheses regarding muscle effort; these hypotheses should be verified by training interventions.
Border Wines: Terroir across Contested Territory
Authors: Monterescu Daniel
Published: November 2017

Etymologically related, the concepts of terroir and territoriality display divergent cultural histories. While one designates the palatable characteristics of place as a branded story of geographic distinction (goût de terroir), the other imbues the soil with political meaning, defendable boundaries, and collective entitlement. This research traces the production of eno-locality in contested spaces across political borders. Tracing the ascent of terroir as an organizing principle for the global wine culture and food industry, I examine the intersection of political geography, national identity, and cultural locality in the production of edible authenticity. Border wine regions such as Tokaj between Hungary and Slovakia, the Judean Hills and South Mount Hebron in Israel and Palestine, and the former Cold War buffer zone between Bulgaria and Greece illustrate the articulation of terroir as a story of border-crossing. Beyond the essentialization of terroir as “nature” and the contested politics of territory, I identify three formations of the terroir-territory connection: (a) territorialization of terroir, (b) terroir-ization of territory, and (c) colonial terroir expansion. In the case of “border wines” indexical strategies of boundary- and terroir-making highlight the creative agency and semiotic manipulation of winemakers across political territories.
Brewing Relations: Coffee, East Germany, and Laos
Authors: Kloiber Andrew
Published: November 2017

This investigation contributes to studies of post-1945 Europe and the Cold War by examining the culture, economics, and politics surrounding the consumption of a single commodity in East Germany, coffee. Coffee was associated with many cultural values and traditions that became tied to the GDR's official image of socialism. When the regime's ability to supply this good was jeopardized in 1975–77, the government sought out new sources of coffee in the developing, so-called Third World. East Germany entered into long-term trade and development projects with countries such as Angola, Ethiopia, Laos, and Vietnam to secure sufficient beans to supply its own population – this article singles out the GDR's relationship with Laos for discussion. These trade deals connected East Germany to a much broader, globalizing economy, and led to certain lasting effects on the world coffee trade.
Roughness of Two Simultaneous Harmonic Complex Tones On Just-Tempered and Equal-Tempered Scales
Authors: Vencovský Václav , Rund František
Published: November 2017

This study is focused on the perceived roughness of two simultaneous harmonic complex tones with ratios between their fundamental frequencies set to create intervals on just-tempered (JT) and equal-tempered (ET) scales. According to roughness theories, ET intervals should produce more roughness. However, previous studies have shown the opposite for intervals in which the lower fundamental frequency of the complex was equal to 261.6 Hz. The aim of this study is to verify and explain these results by using intervals composed of complexes whose spectral components were generated with either a sine starting phase or with a random starting phase. Results of the current study showed the same phenomenon as previous studies. To examine whether the explanation of the phenomenon lies in the function of the peripheral ear, three roughness models based upon this function were used: the Daniel and Weber (1997) model, the synchronization index (SI) model, and the model based on a hydrodynamic cochlear model. For most of the corresponding JT and ET intervals, only the Daniel and Weber (1997) model predicted less roughness in the ET intervals. In addition to this, the intervals were analyzed by a model simulating the auditory periphery. The results showed that a possible cause for the roughness differences may be in the frequencies of fluctuations of the signal in the peripheral ear. For JT intervals the fluctuations in the adjacent places on the simulated basilar membrane had either the same frequency or integer multiples of that frequency and were synchronized. Since a previous study showed that synchronized fluctuations in adjacent auditory filters lead to higher roughness than out of phase fluctuations (Terhardt, 1974), this may cause more roughness across JT and ET intervals.
Harmonic Syntax of the Twelve-Bar Blues Form
Authors: Katz Jonah
Published: November 2017

This paper describes the construction and analysis of a corpus of harmonic progressions from 12-bar blues forms included in the jazz repertoire collection The Real Book. A novel method of coding and analyzing such corpus data is developed, with a notion of “possible harmonic change” derived from the corpus and logit mixed-effects regression models that describe the difference between actually occurring harmonic events and possible but non-occurring ones in terms of various sets of theoretical constructs. Models using different sets of constructs are compared using the Bayesian Information Criterion, which assesses the accuracy and efficiency of each model. The principal results are that: (1) transitional probabilities are better modeled using root-motion and chord-frequency information than they are using pairs of individual chords; (2) transitional probabilities are better described using a mixture model intermediate in complexity between a bigram and full trigram model; and (3) the difference between occurring and non-occurring chords is more efficiently modeled with a hierarchical, recursive context-free grammar than it is as a Markov chain. The results have implications for theories of harmony, composition, and cognition more generally.
An Exploratory Study of Narrative Experiences of Music
Authors: Margulis Elizabeth Hellmuth
Published: November 2017

Listeners frequently talk about music in terms of imagined stories, but little empirical research has investigated this tendency. In this study, 47 participants listened to eight 90-second musical excerpts—four of which featured programmatic music composed between 1857-1935 and were selected by music theorists to feature high contrast, and four of which featured Baroque and minimal music and were selected by music theorists to feature low contrast. After each one, they answered a variety of questions intended to assess their narrative engagement with the music. Brief assessments of personality and general listening tendencies were administered at the end of the session. Results showed qualified support for the notion that contrast makes people likelier to hear music in terms of narrative, with stylistic familiarity and enjoyment seeming to play a greater role. The most striking aspect of the results was the emergence of broad areas of consensus among the free descriptions of imagined narratives. People with high AIMS scores also tended to experience more narrative engagement with the music, as did people low in Extraversion and Conscientiousness.
The Development of Research-Based Learning Model with Science, Environment, Technology, and Society Approaches to Improve Critical Thinking of Students
Authors: Usmeldi U. , Amini R. , Trisna S.
Published: November 2017

Learning physics in SMAN 1 Bukittinggi was conducted through theories and practicum that verified the theories. The preliminary survey on the implementation of physics learning showed that teachers had not yet applied research-based learning. There were still many students who had not yet mastered the learning of physics. Supporting facilities such as physics laboratory and the equipment had been available, but they are not yet optimally utilized. Research-based learning model is one of learning models that can improve critical thinking skill and students’ learning outcome. The research is aimed at developing research-based physics learning model with Science, Environment, Technology, and Society (SETS) approaches which was valid, practical, and effective to improve students’ critical thinking. This research used a 4D model from Thiagarajan. The instruments of the research were interview guidance, observation sheets, validation sheet of the learning model and the instructional materials, questionnaire response of teachers and students, critical thinking skill test, and assessment sheet of skills and attitudes. The result of the research showed that the developed learning model and the instructional materials belonged to the category of valid which was in accordance with the expert judgment. The learning model and the instructional materials belonged to the category of practical based on the result of the observation, and the response of teachers and students. The implementation of Research-based Physics Learning with SETS approach was effective in improving critical thinking skills and learning outcomes of the students.
Developing Characters Based on Local Wisdom of Bali in Teaching Physics in Senior High School
Authors: Suastra I. W. , Jatmiko B. , Ristiati N. P. , Yasmini L. P. B.
Published: November 2017

Human resources with  good characters are badly needed in a national development. Hence, developing characters, especially the development of characters based on local wisdom is highly needed. This study was part of a study of local culture-based Physics model of teaching at senior high school, i.e., the need analysis and conceptual model prototype stage. The subjects were 20 physics teachers  who had at least 10 years of teaching physics experience at public and private senior high schools in Singaraja, Bali. The study used questionnaire, observation guide, and interview as the instruments for collecting the data. The data were analyzed  by a descriptivequalitative analysis. The result showed that (1) Nine Balinese local wisdom-based characters could be developed in physics teaching; (2) The method that is appropriate for the local wisdom-based development of characters is inquiry from various perspectives, discussion, and demonstration; (3) The core procedure  of teaching that can develop the students’ character are exploration, focusing attention, inquiry from various perspectives (scientific, sociocultural, historical), elaboration, and confirmation.
Enhancement of Science Students’ Process Skills through Implementation of Green Learning Method (GeLem) with Conservation-Based Inquiry Approach
Authors: Savitri E. N. , Wusqo I. U. , Ardhi M. W. , Putra P. D.
Published: November 2017

The inquiry of science teaching aims to encourage the ability to think, work and be scientific and communicate as an important aspect of life skills. Inquiry learning with Green Learning Method (GeLeM) focuses on the ability to think, work and be scientific. The data collection was conducted in the Department of Integrated Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Semarang on the course of General Biology, even semester of the academic year 2016/2017. The results show that application of method “GeLeM” can increase the average of cognitive value, learning response and the ability of students’ Science Process Skill (SPS) in science learning especially biology in the material of the diversity of living creatures. Common biology lectures that use the method of Green Learning Method (GeLeM) can be collaborated with instilling conservation horizon on the students. The conclusion of this study is that Green Learning Method (GeLeM) can improve student cognitive result and science process skill in science learning. In addition, students are also able to find the concept that comes from the environment (nature), students can also love and care for the environment as a vehicle for learning.
Problem-Solving Ability of Science Students in Optical Wave Courses
Authors: Nurita T. , Hastuti P. W. , Sari D. A. P.
Published: November 2017

Optical wave courses at the Department of Science discuss waves and optics. The purpose of this study is to describe the problem-solving ability of students in optical wave courses. The method used is quantitative descriptive with one group pre-test post-test design. Method of data collection involves a test given to students before and after the student worksheet was provided in the course of optical waves. This study showed an increase in scores experienced by as many as 15 students. This shows that the problem-solving ability of students has increased.
Identification of Chemistry Learning Problems Viewed from Conceptual Change Model
Authors: Redhana I. W. , Sudria I. B. N. , Hidayat I. , Merta L. M.
Published: November 2017

This study aimed at describing and explaining chemistry learning problems viewed from conceptual change model and misconceptions of students. The study was qualitative research of case study type conducted in one class of SMAN 1 Singaraja. Subjects of the study were a chemistry teacher and students. Data were obtained through classroom observation, interviews, and conception tests. The chemistry learning problems were grouped based on aspects of necessity, intelligibility, plausibility, and fruitfulness. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the study showed that the chemistry learning problems related to the aspect of necessity were that the teacher did not carry out the laboratory work and did not discuss the properties of the buffer solution. The problems related to aspects of intelligibility were the teacher asked successive questions, answered her own questions, gave wrong information, made unclear and wrong analogies, and did not ask student reasons. The problems related to the plausibility aspects were that the teacher had less emphasis on the importance of context and neglected the students’ alternative conceptions. The problems related to the fruitfulness aspects were that the teacher was less likely to provide complex problems especially with regard to the application of the buffer solution in everyday life. Students experienced misconceptions on some concepts of buffer solution.
Students’ Multimedia-Assisted Scientific Inquiry Ability on The Material of Reproductive Cells
Authors: Cahyani R. , Hendriani Y.
Published: November 2017

This study aims to: (1) explore students’ learning achievement based on scientific inquiry learning on the materials of reproductive material cells reflected on pre-test and post-test; (2) obtain the achievements of scientific inquiry activity based on the different time of problem distribution; and, (3) analyze students' ability in scientific inquiry activities based on the indicators of scientific inquiry in the different time of problem distribution. The design was research & development. The participants were two classes of PGMI. The research data were pretest and posttest obtained from close-ended test and scientific inquiry activities obtained from student worksheet. Research shows that learning outcomes of students in each class increases, though there is no significant difference in the increase indicated in the learning outcomes between the two classes. The technique of distributing students’ work in different time influence the students' scientific inquiry activity. Communication is a dominant indicator of the successful scientific inquiry activities in both classes. Using the data and creating an image are other indicators affecting the scientific activity.
The Perceptions of Pre-Service Science Teachers and Science Teachers about Climate Change
Authors: Meilinda M. , Rustaman N. Y. , Tjasyono B.
Published: November 2017

The global climate phenomenon in the context of climate change is the impact of both the dynamic complex climate system and human behaviors that affect environmental sustainability. Human is an important component that should be considered in science teaching that is believed to improve human attitudes towards the environmental sustainability. The research aims to investigate the perceptions of pre-service science teachers and science teachers in South Sumatra who teach climate change and global warming. The data were collected from 17 science teachers and 53 pre-service science teachers from April to August 2016. The instruments were 17 modified questions which were developed from Pruneau’s framework. There are three linear perceptions regarding climate change. First, greenhouse effect causes global warming and global warming causes climate change. Second, ozone leakage causes global warming and global warming causes acid rain. Third, greenhouse effect causes ozone leakage and ozone leakage causes global warming; then it causes climate change and other climatic phenomena. Both pre-service science teachers and science teachers argue that climate change is caused by global warming. Actually, climate change is not only global warming but also global cooling. Those phenomena occur because of interactions among climate system components. They do not believe that education is able to change human attitudes in saving environmental sustainability from global climate change disasters. They believe that media give stronger effects than teachers in shaping those perceptions. Factually, most of wrong perceptions come from media.
Functional Redundancy of Variant and Canonical Histone H3 Lysine 9 Modification in Drosophila
Authors: Penke Taylor J R , McKay Daniel J , Strahl Brian D , Matera A Gregory , Duronio Robert J
Published: November 2017

Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) and differential incorporation of variant and canonical histones into chromatin are central modes of epigenetic regulation. Despite similar protein sequences, histone variants are enriched for different suites of PTMs compared to their canonical counterparts. For example, variant histone H3.3 occurs primarily in transcribed regions and is enriched for “active” histone PTMs like Lys9 acetylation (H3.3K9ac), whereas the canonical histone H3 is enriched for Lys9 methylation (H3K9me), which is found in transcriptionally silent heterochromatin. To determine the functions of K9 modification on variant vs. canonical H3, we compared the phenotypes caused by engineering H3.3K9R and H3K9R mutant genotypes in Drosophila melanogaster. Whereas most H3.3K9R, and a small number of H3K9R, mutant animals are capable of completing development and do not have substantially altered protein-coding transcriptomes, all H3.3K9R H3K9R combined mutants die soon after embryogenesis and display decreased expression of genes enriched for K9ac. These data suggest that the role of K9ac in gene activation during development can be provided by either H3 or H3.3. Conversely, we found that H3.3K9 is methylated at telomeric transposons and that this mark contributes to repressive chromatin architecture, supporting a role for H3.3 in heterochromatin that is distinct from that of H3. Thus, our genetic and molecular analyses demonstrate that K9 modification of variant and canonical H3 have overlapping roles in development and transcriptional regulation, though to differing extents in euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Gene: The Pace Control of Aging
Authors: Dosalles Sandra , Davidson Pater
Published: November 2017

Gene plays a significant role in aging. all aging process can depend on just the mutation of a single gene. Longevity of life is heritable and shows at old age, at some points in time the rate at which human and other animals’ age increase rapidly as a result of certain mutation. It has been observed that some living organisms show sign of aging at a very tender age due to some set of syndromes that are known as progeroid syndromes. Aging is not really characterised by brain aging but by old skin, early cataract and some other signs. It was discovered by some scientist that aging can be delayed in living organisms using Calorie Restriction, hundreds of genes iddntified to regulate aging provide strong evidence that aging has a strong genetic basis and that indeed a basic aging process exists. Although daf-2 can limit expansion of life when not mutated, Daf-2 and daf-16 are two types of gene that plays the major role of life expansion and aging. The gene helps to interfere with life span by controlling other gene that coordiate the survival system.
Luxación de una prótesis abisagrada de rodilla. Reporte de un caso. [Posterior dislocation of a hinged knee prosthesis. Case report].
Authors: Gómez Diego José , Garabano Germán , Senes Sebastián , Pesciallo Cesar Angel
Published: November 2017

Las prótesis abisagradas de rodilla tienen índices de complicaciones que pueden llegar al 44% en 15 años. La luxación protésica secundaria a una rotura del mecanismo abisagrado resulta ser la complicación alejada más frecuente luego del aflojamiento mecánico.Presentamos un caso de luxación protésica posterior, en un implante abisagrado rotatorio de tercera generación (Rotax, FII SA®, Saint Just Malmont, Francia), implantada originalmente en una paciente de 69 años, con artritis reumatoidea y tratamiento prolongado con Metilprednisona y Metotrexato a altas dosis. El tratamiento fue realizado en ambas rodillas en dos tiempos para corregir una deformidad en ráfaga altamente invalidante.Nuestra hipótesis postula que la luxación se debió a la rotura del buje de polietileno del implante, siendo este el eslabón más débil del mecanismo abisagrado.Existen escasos reportes bibliográficos sobre esta particular complicación. Sin embargo, encontramos homogeneidad en las conclusiones de los mismos, considerando el ensamble entre el componente tibial y femoral, como el punto más frágil del sistema.Recomendamos en estos complejos escenarios realizar la revisión protésica solo ante la presencia de episodios clínicos evidenciables, como luxaciones o Inestabilidad persistente AbstractHinged knee prosthesis has a complication rate up to 44% at 15 years. Prosthetic dislocation secondary to a breakage of the hinged mechanism turns to be the second most frequent late complication after mechanical loosening.We present a patient with a posterior dislocation of a third generation rotating hinged total knee replacement (Rotax, FII SA®, Saint Just Malmont, France), implanted originally in a 69-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis and history of treatment with metilprednisone and methotrexate at high doses. The bilateral arthroplasty was performed in two times to correct a highly disabling deformity.We hypothesize the dislocation is due to the breakage of the polyethylene yoke of the prosthesis, being the weakest link of the hinged mechanism. There are rare bibliographic reports about this complication. However, we found similar conclusions, considering the engage of the tibial and femoral components as the weakest link of the system.We recommend in these complex scenarios to perform revision surgery only in cases with high repercussion in daily life presenting persistent instability or multiple dislocations.
Murder on the Internet
Authors: Nelson Terri , Oliver Walter
Published: November 2017

In this article we describe the design and testing process that resulted in the production of Un Meurtre à Cinet and Un Misterio en Toluca, two role-playing applications which ask students of French and Spanish to collaborate to solve a murder mystery using e-mail, a listserv, and a culturally rich web site. Using our own pedagogical philosophy and our own production experience as guides, we also attempt to elaborate general guidelines for developing and adapting other materials, including other mysteries, for use in a pedagogically appropriate technology-mediated environment.
SuperMacLang
Authors: Frommer Judith
Published: November 2017

This article describes the development of SuperMacLang, the 1990's version of the MacLang authoring system, originally distributed in 1986. A joint project between Harvard and Dartmouth, SuperMacLang (SML) is more powerful than MacLang, although the rationale has remained the same. SML is based on the belief that second language acquisition involves at least some degree of automatic processing requiring practice of structures and vocabulary, and that such practice will be effective only if it is meaningful and contextualized. An analysis of various features of the program explains the ways in which various aspects of collaboration and funding affected developer and programming decisions. References to message archives reveal some of the problems that occur with multiple developers. Mention is also made of why features of MacLang were retained or rejected and why new ones were added to SuperMacLang. Along with a description of the development process, the attentive reader will find a list of do's and don'ts which can help anyone who has the courage, energy, perseverance, and funds to embark on a similar undertaking.
Language Courseware Design
Authors: Jones Christopher M.
Published: November 2017

No Abstract
Libra Multimedia Authoring Environment and CALL Multimedia Courseware
Authors: Fischer Robert , Farris Michael
Published: November 2017

This article describes the genesis of the Libra authoring system and provides a detailed view of the design of a courseware program created by means of it. Funds from multiyear grants supported the development and subsequent dissemination of the authoring system. Lessons learned during the dissemination of the authoring system underscore the need for more in-depth understanding of instructional design and the implementation of pedagogical principles by faculty authors in multimedia materials. Development of the courseware program described here reveals the substantial benefits to be gained by collection and analysis of various forms of student use data.
Nuevos Destinos
Authors: Blake Robert J.
Published: November 2017

This article provides a description of the Nuevos Destinos CD-ROM, a joint production of McGraw-Hill Publishing Companies, the Annenberg/ CPB Project, and WGBH Productions for students learning Spanish at the advanced-beginning, intermediate-low, or native-speaker's level. The CD-ROM, along with four hours of video, is accompanied by the choice of one book for each of these three audiences (advanced beginners, intermediates, native speakers). Issues of good interface design will be discussed with particular attention paid to how the CD-ROM medium can simulate social discourse despite the obvious absence of any true face-to-face contact. The Nuevos Destinos CD-ROM asks students to listen to authentic dialogues, view QuickTime movie clips, read foreign language texts, answer questions in several formats, record their voices, do activities, perform office tasks, and actively practice writing short compositions in Spanish in the form of e-mail messages sent to other story characters. The overall intent is to involve students in some meaningful way with the Nuevos Destinos plot by asking them to solve the real-world problems encountered in the law offices of Raquel Rodriguez, the lawyer originally hired by Don Fernando Castillo five years earlier (i.e., Destinos televideo Spanish course). The CD-ROM materials supply clues to the final plot resolution not contained in either the textbook or the four hours of video.
Human Studies of Vertical and Horizontal Alveolar Ridge Augmentation Comparing Different Types of Bone Graft Materials: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chavda Suraj , Levin Liran
Published: November 2017

Alveolar ridge augmentation can be completed with various types of bone augmentation materials (autogenous, allograft, xenograft, and alloplast). Currently, autogenous bone is labeled as the “gold standard” because of faster healing times and integration between native and foreign bone. No systematic review has currently determined whether there is a difference in implant success between various bone augmentation materials. The purpose of this article was to systematically review comparative human studies of vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation comparing different types of bone graft materials (autogenous, allograft, xenograft, and alloplast). A MEDLINE search was conducted under the 3 search concepts of bone augmentation, dental implants, and alveolar ridge augmentation. Studies pertaining to socket grafts or sinus lifts were excluded. Case reports, small case series, and review papers were excluded. A bias assessment tool was applied to the final articles. Overall, 219 articles resulted from the initial search, and 9 articles were included for final analysis. There were no discernible differences in implant success between bone augmentation materials. Generally, patients preferred nonautogenous bone sources as there were fewer hospital days, less pain, and better recovery time. Two articles had industrial support; however, conclusions of whether that support influenced the outcomes could not be determined. Future comparative studies should compare nonautogenous bone sources and have longer follow-up times.
Education of Senses: Smellwalks / Pojūčių edukacija: kvapų kelionės
Authors: Žilinskaitė Lineta , Lapėnienė Asta
Published: November 2017

In the article contemporary practices of smell research and application in education are discussed. In first part theoretical background is presented. It covers the following themes: the concept of smellscape, approaches to smell in different historical periods and characteristics of smell perception. Then significance of smell education is revealed and the method of smellwalking is discussed as a contemporary method of smell education. After presenting and discussing the experience of smellwalking with adult students, smellwalking is defined as unique and innovative method for organizing adult learning, which creates possibility to develop new understanding of himself/ herself and the world through researching, analyzing and perceiving spaces with the sense of smell.