bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SEZAİ KARAKOÇ’UN ŞİİRLERİNDE BİR İMGE OLARAK KUŞ
Authors: Karacar Mahir , Oral Cansu
Published: February 2025

Şiir, imgelerle dolu bir estetiğe sahiptir. İmge ise zihinsel tasarımlar aracılığıyla şiirdeki anlamsal derinliği oluşturan bir metafordur. Şairler, imgeler aracılığıyla şiirdeki anlatımı güçlü kılmakla beraber okuyucunun hayal gücünü de harekete geçirir. Böylece şiir ile okur arasında oluşan dinamik ilişki, verilmek istenen mesajı yazınsal söyleme taşımış olur. Türk edebiyatında 1950’li yıllardan itibaren görünürlük kazanmaya başlayan İkinci Yeni, kapalı ve soyut bir anlatımı benimsemesi ve imgeyi yoğun olarak kullanmasıyla dikkat çeken bir şiir hareketidir. İsmi bu akım içerisinde değerlendirilen Sezai Karakoç ise imgenin önemli temsilcilerinden biridir. Şair, şiir estetiğini imge üzerine temellendirir. İki büyük medeniyetin şiir birikiminden faydalanarak kendi şiir dokusunu oluşturan Karakoç; imge dünyasını dini, kültürel, tarihsel ve insanî unsurlarla şekillendirir. Ayrıca o, hem modern hem de geleneksel imgeleri kullanarak şiirini, alışılmışın dışına çıkarır. Dolayısıyla Karakoç’un şiirlerinde birçok imgeye rastlamak mümkündür. Şairin yoğun olarak kullandığı imgelerden biri de kuştur. Bu metafor, şiirlerde farklı anlamlara gelecek şekilde ele alınır. Bazı şiirlerde geleneksel anlatım benimsenirken bazılarında ise alışılmamış bağdaştırmalarla şiir dili oluşturulur. Bu çalışmada, Türk şiirinin çeşitli şubelerinde işlenen kuş imgesi, Sezai Karakoç’un şiirlerinde tespit edilecek ve böylece şairin söz konusu imgeyi hangi anlamlarda ve nasıl kullandığı saptanmaya çalışılacaktır.
Fome, distribuição de alimentos e educação: contribuição ao processo educativo na superação da injustiça alimentar no Brasil
Authors: Martins Farina Sinval
Published: February 2025

Diante da contradição entre a fome de milhões de pessoas e a grande produção de alimentos no Brasil, empenhamo-nos em compreender o trabalho de três entidades (CNBB, Ação da Cidadania e o Olma – este último desenvolvido em Pelotas/RS) que realizam a distribuição de alimentos, visando identificar o processo educativo nessas atividades. Entendemos essas ações como educativas e buscamos identificar seus limites na efetivação da justiça alimentar. No trabalho, apresentamos dados sobre a fome no Brasil e em Pelotas, o que entendemos como processo educativo e o estudo das três entidades referidas. Numa delas, na periferia de Pelotas, foi realizado um trabalho empírico de pesquisa e ação cidadã. O objetivo foi identificar os limites e possibilidades à emancipação dos envolvidos nessas atividades como tese de doutorado (2019-2023/FURG/PPGEA). A metodologia utilizada teve nos estudos estatísticos, na bibliografia das entidades e em outros documentos, em conversas dialogadas e observações participantes o apoio à reflexão sobre os limites e possibilidades de tais ações para a superação da fome. Disso, afirmamos que a produção de alimentos não supera a fome, pois tem como objetivo a produção de commodities para o mercado externo. Portanto, a superação de tal situação urge, além das ações cidadãs de distribuição de alimentos de que no processo educativo os limites, diferenciadas e desiguais, entre as entidades outras ações do poder público e da cidadania para além do assistencialismo.
Dorsal-Ventral Reinforcement Learning Network Connectivity and Incentive-Driven Changes in Random Exploration
Authors: Campbell Ethan M. , Zhong Wanting , Hogeveen Jeremy , Grafman Jordan
Published: February 2025

Probabilistic reinforcement learning (RL) tasks assay how individuals make decisions under uncertainty. The use of internal models (model-based) or direct learning from experiences (model-free), and the degree of choice stochasticity across alternatives (i.e., random exploration), can all be influenced by the state space of the decision-making task. There is considerable individual variation in the balance between model-based and model-free control during decision-making, and this balance is affected by incentive motivation. The effect of variable reward incentives on the arbitration between model-based and model-free learning remains understudied, and individual differences in neural signatures and cognitive traits that moderate the effect of reward on model-free/model-based control are unknown. Here we combined a two-stage decision-making task utilizing differing reward incentives with computational modeling, neuropsychological tests, and neuroimaging to address these questions. Results showed the prospect of greater reward decreased exploration of alternative options and increased the balance towards model-based learning. These behavioral effects were replicated across two independent datasets including both sexes. Individual differences in processing speed and analytical thinking style affected how reward altered the dependence on both systems. Using a systems neuroscience-inspired approach to resting-state functional connectivity, we found reduced random exploration of the options during the first stage of our task under high- relative to low-incentives was predicted by increased cross-network coupling between ventral and dorsal RL circuitry. These findings suggest that integrity of functional connections between stimulus valuation (ventral) and action valuation (dorsal) RL networks is associated with changes in the balance between explore-exploit decisions under changing reward incentives.

Significance statementHumans and other organisms are motivated to explore different goals and goal-directed actions to maximize earned rewards. Exploring choice alternatives helps to drive reinforcement learning (RL), and RL policies are adjusted in response to changes in the reward environment. The cognitive and neural changes involved in RL policy shifts under changing incentive structures in humans are underspecified. We found that faster processing speed and a more analytic thinking style determine the extent to which individuals modulate RL policies under high versus low incentives. Critically, greater functional connectivity between goal valuation (ventral) and goal-directed action (dorsal) RL neural circuits was associated with greater inflexibility and reduced random exploration under high incentives.
Association of bidirectional network cores in the brain with perceptual awareness and cognition
Authors: Taguchi Tomoya , Kitazono Jun , Sasai Shuntaro , Oizumi Masafumi
Published: February 2025

The brain comprises a complex network of interacting regions. To understand the roles and mechanisms of this intricate network, it is crucial to elucidate its structural features related to cognitive functions. Recent empirical evidence suggests that both feedforward and feedback signals are necessary for conscious perception, emphasizing the importance of subnetworks with bidirectional interactions. However, the link between such subnetworks and conscious perception remains unclear due to the complexity of brain networks. In this study, we propose a framework for extracting subnetworks with strong bidirectional interactions—termed the “cores” of a network—from brain activity. We applied this framework to resting-state and task-based human fMRI data from participants of both sexes to identify regions forming strongly bidirectional cores. We then explored the association of these cores with conscious perception and cognitive functions. We found that the extracted central cores predominantly included cerebral cortical regions rather than subcortical regions. Additionally, regarding their relation to conscious perception, we demonstrated that the cores tend to include regions previously reported to be affected by electrical stimulation that altered conscious perception, although the results are not statistically robust due to the small sample size. Furthermore, in relation to cognitive functions, based on a meta-analysis and comparison of the core structure with a cortical functional connectivity gradient, we found that the central cores were related to unimodal sensorimotor functions. The proposed framework provides novel insights into the roles of network cores with strong bidirectional interactions in conscious perception and unimodal sensorimotor functions.

Significance StatementTo understand the brain’s network, we need to decipher its structural features linked to cognitive functions. Recent studies suggest the importance of subnetworks with bidirectional interactions for conscious perception, but their exact relationship remains unclear due to the brain’s complexity. Here we propose a framework for extracting subnetworks with strong bidirectional interactions, or network “cores.” We applied it to fMRI data and explored the association of the cores with conscious perception and cognitive functions. The central cores predominantly included cortical regions rather than subcortical ones, and tended to comprise previously reported regions wherein electrical stimulation altered perception, suggesting the potential importance of bidirectional cores for conscious perception. Additionally, further analysis revealed the relationship of the cores to unimodal sensorimotor functions.
Towards a mechanistic understanding of reading difficulties: Deviant audiovisual learning dynamics and network connectivity in children with poor reading skills
Authors: Frei N. , Willinger D. , Haller P. , Fraga-González G. , Pamplona G.S.P. , Haugg A. , Lutz C.G. , Coraj S. , Hefti E. , Brem S.
Published: February 2025

Mastering the associations between letters and their corresponding speech sounds (LSS) is pivotal in the early stages of reading development, requiring an effective reorganisation of brain networks. Children with poor reading skills often show difficulties in LSS learning. To date, however, it remains unclear how the interaction of brain regions integral to the processing and integration of letters and speech sounds changes with LSS learning. Characterising these changes and potential differences between children with typical (TR) or poor (PR) reading skills on both behavioural and neural levels is essential for a more comprehensive mechanistic understanding of reading impairments. In this study, we investigated brain network alterations underlying LSS learning and their association with reading skills using functional magnetic resonance imaging in 80 schoolchildren (6.9-10.8 years-old, 36 female, 27 PR) with a wide range of reading skills. We applied a reinforcement-learning drift-diffusion model to LSS learning data and analysed the corresponding effective connectivity and activation measures in the brain. While both groups learned well, PR showed slower adaptation of responses than TR as trials progressed. This could be explained by a slower adjustment of the drift rate and decision boundary while learning and longer non-decision times. Alongside deviant connectivity in the network of visual, auditory, and associative brain regions, PR also showed reduced striatal modulation of connectivity from visual to audio-visual association areas throughout learning. These findings indicate impaired information transfer to integrative areas, which can help to explain the difficulties in achieving proficient reading skills from a neuroscientific perspective.

Significance statementThis study investigated how children's brains learn to connect letters with speech sounds, a key step in reading development. Using brain imaging and computational models, we found that children with poor reading skills showed a less efficient adaptation of their decision-making strategy while learning letter-speech sound correspondences. The brain network connecting visual, auditory, and association areas in these children showed weaker connectivity and the modulation of connectivity by a key learning-related striatal region was diminished. These findings help explain the challenges faced by children with reading difficulties and provide new insights into the brain mechanisms behind reading problems.
Ususret novoj periodizaciji hrvatske dječje književnosti
Authors: Engler Tihomir , Ivanović Grgurić Sanja
Published: February 2025

U sklopu sve mnogobrojnijih istraživanja koja se provode na području znanstvenog proučavanja hrvatske dječje književnosti kao književnoga, kulturnog i društvenog fenomena nameće se potreba ponovnog promišljanja načina utemeljenja periodizacije razvoja hrvatske dječje književnosti. U radu se uvodno polazi od Crnkovićeve periodizacije hrvatske dječje književnosti i njezine društveno-političke kontekstualizacije koju je poduzeo Majhut, da bi se u središnjem dijelu rada iznijela daljnja razmatranja u vezi s njezinim načinom ustrojavanja kao kulturnog polja, a koja bi mogla poslužiti kao poticaj za raspravu u znanstvenoj zajednici u svrhu što objektivnijeg iscrtavanja razvoja hrvatske dječje književnosti.
La lectura del territorio en los procesos de planificación para la salvaguarda del territorio periurbano de la cabecera municipal de Barichara, Santander (Colombia)
Authors: Blanco Vesga Yolanda
Published: February 2025

El trabajo investigativo a partir del cual surge este articulo busca poner en claro desde dónde se generan un conjunto de respuestas a incógnitas o a lagunas que deben dilucidarse para responder a las exigencias que impone la salvaguarda y conservación del patrimonio natural y construido que se encuentra en las áreas periurbanas de centros históricos menores, en los cuales la naturaleza, la arquitectura y el urbanismo entran en juego. En este orden de ideas, la investigación de base se concentró en entender la situación actual de los márgenes urbanos de la cabecera municipal de Barichara (Santander) para emprender la búsqueda de una serie de estrategias dirigidas a la salvaguarda, recuperación y desarrollo de este tercer territorio sin olvidar sus fortalezas históricas. El proceso parte de un abordaje aproximativo mediante un trabajo in situ para conocer y evaluar el territorio que bordea el casco antiguo, estudio que cualitativo que va de lo general a lo particular para obtener elementos de juicio fundamentan acciones posteriores. Seguidamente, se pasa a un muestreo poblacional cuyos resultados serán elementos de gran validez e indispensables para direccionar la construcción de directrices de planificación. En la parte final del artículo, se presentan, en modo sucinto, los lineamientos que se estructuran en favor de un ordenamiento del territorio periurbano de Barichara, los cuales, de una u otra forma, pueden son análogos a otros pueblos patrimoniales en Colombia.
PRESENTACIÓN
Authors: Alvarado-Sánchez Meylin
Published: February 2025

The Geographic Journal of Central America celebrates its 50th anniversary as an academic leader in the dissemination of geographic and related scientific studies in Costa Rica and globally. Led by the School of Geographic Sciences at the National University and published by the National University Press (EUNA) since 1974, this journal has been a platform for discussion and contributions from geographers, students, and professionals interested in land management, natural resource management, and regional studies technologies. On this special anniversary, we reaffirm our commitment to providing high-quality research in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, aiming to enrich knowledge and highlight the contribution of geography to today’s society.
Revista Geográfica de América Central: 50 años aportando al intercambio de conocimiento científico
Authors: Quirós Arias Lilliam , Alvarado Sánchez Meylin , Orozco-Montoya Ricardo , Jalet Quesada Samira , Bolaños Alvarado Bayron
Published: February 2025

The inaugural issue of the Revista Geográfica de América Central was published in 1974, featuring an emblematic statement for the geographical discipline: What is Geography today? This reflection explored the opportunities the discipline offered for those who wished to pursue it professionally. This question remains relevant 50 years after its inception, with the publication of its 73rd issue, volume 3. This article aims to review the journal’s trajectory over its 50 years of existence. Methodologically, the primary source utilized is the publications produced during this period, categorized by thematic areas. Since its foundation, the Revista Geográfica de América Central has facilitated academic exchange at a time when information was a scarce commodity. Throughout its history, the journal has adapted to scientific publication trends, adopting an open-access format to democratize information. It has achieved indexing in Latindex, Redalyc, and Scielo, as well as in various databases, directories, libraries, portals, repositories, and academic and social networks, thereby contributing to the internationalization of the knowledge generated through the journal.
Circunstancias y oportunidades en el nacimiento y desarrollo de la geografía y la vulcanología en Costa Rica
Authors: Cevo G Juan Humberto
Published: February 2025

As with significant events and processes in human history, the birth of geography as a science and the development of its early stages required a process of adaptation and transformation. The pioneers in this field recognized the conditions they encountered from the very inception of the professional career in geography and did what was within their reach to achieve its approval and subsequent rapid consolidation. This paper aims to take readers back, particularly to the 1970s, a decade renowned worldwide for its unleashing of the human spirit in all kinds of creations and expressions across various fields cultivated by humanity. During this period, geography in Costa Rica was no exception.
Escuela de Ciencias Geográficas de la Universidad Nacional: aportes para el posicionamiento estratégico de la unidad académica y las ciencias geográficas dentro del contexto para el desarrollo nacional
Authors: Rodríguez Soto Francisco , Cedeño Montoya Bepsy
Published: February 2025

From the new perspectives required by geography, the School of Geographic Sciences (ECG) has positioned a strategy of influence with greater presence in various fields. The academic approach is fundamental for positioning and creating reflective spaces in innovation, generation, and transmission of new knowledge. This approach is necessary and present within the public university with a humanistic perspective. However, it is essential to consider the professional dimension of geography as part of the university’s commitment to society. In this university extension effort beyond the National University, the ECG proposes medium- and long-term actions aimed at impacting national development and contributing to the professional and labor fields of its graduates.
GEOGRAFÍA ELECTORAL COSTARRICENSE: ANÁLISIS CONTRAFACTUAL DE POSIBLES EFECTOS DE DIVISIONES PROVINCIALES ALTERNATIVAS EN LA REPRESENTACIÓN POLÍTICA LEGISLATIVA (2002-2022)
Authors: Cascante Campos Alejandro
Published: February 2025

A fundamental theme of electoral geography is the study of changes in spatial access to the legislative power resulting from variations in electoral constituencies, which is rarely reflected upon in Costa Rica. Through counterfactual analysis, we seek to understand how access to Congress by political parties in Costa Rica between 2002-2022 could have manifested had there been nine provinces instead of the existing seven. The results show that this scenario would have led to an increase in the political power of the two major parties, lesser representation for those with intermediate support, and preservation of minority parties. Additionally, the weight of peripheral provinces in legislative elections would have increased particularly since 2018, to the detriment of central regions. The study prompts reflection that the creation of new electoral constituencies would lead to a reconsideration of the ways in which political parties would approach different areas of the country in pursuit of legislative seats.
Fatty acids composition of kidneys under rat exposure to fungicides
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Khyzhnyak S. V. , Midyk S. V. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Dovbysh О. В. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Korniyenko V. I. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
Published: February 2025

Most fungicides belong to the class of triazoles, of which tebuconazole and triadimefon are the most commonly used. Exposure to pesticides is accompanied by negative consequences for vertebrates and humans. However, the potential toxicity of fungicides is not well understood. The aim of the study was to estimate the fatty acids (FAs) composition of kidney total lipids after exposure of Wistar han rats to two fungicide preparations, one containing tebuconazole alone, the other tebuconazole + triadimephone. Animals were administered a single oral dose of fungicides (600 and 1200 mg/kg). After 14 days, the animals were decapitated and kidneys were used in the studies. FAs methyl esters were determined on a Trace GC Ultra gas chromatograph (USA) with the flame ionization detector. No qualitative changes in the FAs profile of the total kidney lipids after fungicides administration as compared to the control were detected, but the redistribution in the content of individual FAs was observed. The relative content of saturated fatty acids increased, while that of monounsaturated fatty acids, in particular oleic acid (C18:1ω9), decreased. An increase in the content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular docosahexaenoic (C22:6ω3) and arachidonic (C20:4ω6) acids, as well as the value of the ratio ω3/ω6, was revealed. The effect of the combined fungicides was found to be more pronounced. The results obtained indicate metabolic shift in the FAs profile of total kidney lipids in the dynamics after exposure to fungicides.

Keywords: fungicides, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, rat kidneys, tebuconazole, triadimefon
Прорив у прогнозуванні просторової структури та обчислювальному дизайні протеїнів, або чи можна вірити передбаченням штучного інтелекту
Authors: Романюк Світлана Іванівна , Комісаренко Сергій Васильович
Published: February 2025

Автори статті аналізують Нобелівську премію з хімії 2024 р., яку було присуджено американському біохіміку та комп’ютерному біологу Девіду Бейкеру (David Baker) за «комп'ютерний дизайн білків», а також представникам компанії Google DeepMind: британському фахівцю з систем штучного інтелекту Демісу Гассабісу (Demis Hassabis) і американському хіміку та інформатику Джону Джамперу (John M. Jumper) за «прогнозування структури білка». Досягнення нобелівських лауреатів у галузі обчислювального проєктування протеїнів та прогнозування їхньої структури відкрили нову еру біохімічних і біологічних досліджень, що в поєднанні із застосуванням інструментів штучного інтелекту матиме далекосяжні наслідки для людства.
Біопаливо і нафтове паливо в контексті паливної незалежності України
Authors: Патриляк Любов Казимирівна
Published: February 2025

У доповіді наведено деякі найважливіші результати проведених в Інституті біоорганічної хімії та нафтохімії ім. В.П. Кухаря НАН України актуальних досліджень впливу хімічного складу природних олій на якість отримуваних переестерифікацією естерів жирних кислот. Ці роботи спрямовано на розроблення ефективних гомогенно-каталітичних методів одержання етилових та бутилових естерів жирних кислот як компонентів біодизельного палива.
Effect of spontaneous fermentation and germination on antinutrients, total ash, and iron contents of several types of legumes
Authors: Nadhifa D.G. , Mahendradatta M. , Bastian F.
Published: February 2025

Legumes are not only known to hold many nutritional values, including minerals such as iron, but also to contain antinutrients that can inhibit mineral absorption. Fermentation and germination are deemed simple, accessible, and sustainable ways to improve the nutritional composition of legumes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of spontaneous fermentation and germination on the antinutrients and iron levels of several legumes, consisting of soybean, kidney bean, and mung bean. Each legume type underwent spontaneous fermentation through soaking for 72 h and germination for 72 h, followed by milling to obtain their flours. The results indicated that spontaneous fermentation and germination could effectively reduce all legumes' tannin and phytic acid contents. However, while spontaneous fermentation increased iron content in all legume types, germination decreased iron content in soybean and kidney bean flours. This study has revealed that spontaneous fermentation served as the most effective method to reduce antinutrients and enhance iron levels in legumes. Therefore, this study is expected to support the fulfilment of the body's iron needs through legume's simple processing methods, such as spontaneous fermentation.
Distrust and disillusionment toward generative artificial intelligence: Psychodramatic exploration of employee trust in organizational technology acceptance
Authors: Hartyándi Mátyás Jenő
Published: February 2025

Millions have adopted tools like ChatGPT in recent years, yet indifference and resistance among employees remain. This qualitative study employs monodramatic projective techniques to explore employees' hidden assumptions and unconscious beliefs in a division attempting to integrate Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI, GAI). Through pretensive work, soliloquy, symbolic representation, modeling with intermediate objects, concretization, and role reversal techniques, the interviewees' internal representations of GAI and trust were materialized in physical artifacts, such as a ball of straw or a potted plant. The study identified three principal themes: GAI's appearance as a Janus-faced presence, unmet performance promises, and avoided proximity. Findings highlight ambiguities in acceptance and show that adoption was driven more by industry hype and normative pressures than genuine organizational needs, leading to disorganized implementation dependent on individual employee characteristics, mistrust, and disenchantment. The study's main contribution lies in refining human-robot interaction (HRI) models and psychodrama methods for GAI, emphasizing the significance of physicality and embodiment in technology-mediated relationships, identifying trust as a complex phenomenon with potential reciprocal causation, and emphasizing the importance of affective attitudes, illustrating how adoption projects can falter despite cognitive openness – all insights crucial for understanding self-driven, bottom-up GAI adaptation in an organizational context.
How Do International Economic Laws Impact Sustainable Development Goals?
Authors: Zuhra Amalia , Sabirin Ahmad
Published: February 2025

IEL plays an important role in achieving the SDGs which is influenced by the design and application of the law. International trade agreements can limit government policies that support sustainable development, while international financial regulations affect the flow of funds for sustainable projects. The role of multilateral development banks and international investment is significant in supporting the SDGs. This study examines the extent to which IEL affects the implementation of the SDGs and recommends best practices and strategies that can be adopted to increase IEL's contribution to sustainable development. This research uses a qualitative approach and analyzes legal documents, case studies, and expert interviews. The interesting findings of this study show that the IEL supports the rule of law by promoting transparency and accountability. However, there are still challenges such as power imbalances between developed and developing countries, legal compliance, and the integration of IELs with the SDGs. In addition, IELs can support or hinder the SDGs, depending on their design and implementation. The impact of free trade agreements on the SDGs shows the economic and environmental benefits as well as the challenges of inequality and environmental degradation. Meanwhile, the recommendations that can be given from this study are that to increase IEL's contribution to the SDGs include the integration of sustainable policies in trade agreements, green investment, strengthening law enforcement mechanisms, transparency and stakeholder participation, and the development of international cooperation.
Dampak Penetapan Izin Praktek Tambang Emas Tumpang Pitu Perspektif Fikih Sosial KH. Sahal Mahfudh
Authors: Mun'im Zainul
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Due to its significant impact on the environment, gold mining is often a particular concern. This paper examines the effect of granting gold mining permits on Mount Tumpak Pitu, Banyuwangi Regency, East Java, from the perspective of social fiqh developed by Sahal Mahfudh. Social fiqh prioritizes benefits framed in maqÃ¢shid al-syarÃ®'ah, with indicators of hifz al-dÃ®n (existence of religion), al-nafs (salvation of the soul), al-'aql (health of the mind), al-mÃ¢l (safety of property), al-nasl (safety of honor) and al-bÃ®'ah (environmental sustainability). This research used the normative juridical approach and qualitatively analyzed data collected through literature and field studies. The research results show that granting gold mining permits was not accompanied by adequate supervision from the authority. This gives rise to mining practices that are not environmentally friendly and do not fulfill the basic principles of environmental ethics in Sahal Mahfudhâ€™s social fiqh.Abstrak: Penambangan emas seringkali menjadi perhatian khusus mengingat aktvitas tersebut memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap lingkungan. Tulisan ini mengkaji dampak pemberian izin penambangan emas di Gunung Tumpak Pitu, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur; dari perspektif fikih sosial yang dikembangkan oleh KH Sahal Mahfudh. Fikih sosial mengedepankan kemaslahatan yang dibingkai dalam maqÃ¢shid al-syarÃ®'ah, dengan indikator hifz al-dÃ®n (eksistensi agama), al-nafs (keselamatan jiwa), al-â€˜aql (kesehatan akal), al-mÃ¢l (keselamatan harta), al-nasl (keselataman kehormatan) dan al-bÃ®â€™ah (kelestarian lingkungan). Dengan pendekatan juridis normatif terhadap data-data yang dikumpulkan baik melalui studi kepustakaan maupun lapangan dan dianalisis secara kualitatif, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian izin penambangan emas yang diberikan tidak diiringi dengan pengawasan yang memadai. Hal tersebut menimbulkan praktek pertambangan yang tidak ramah lingkungan dan tidak memenuhi prinsip dasar etika lingkungan dalam fikih sosial KH. Sahal Mahfudh.
Law of Usury (RIBA) According to Masyarakat Tanpa Riba (MTR): Perceptions, Attitudes, and Movements
Authors: Al-Hakim Sofian , Witro Doli , Nurjaman Muhamad Izazi
Published: February 2025

Abstract: After the merger, three banks under State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN), namely BNI Syariah, BRI Syariah, and Bank Syariah Mandiri, became Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI), opening opportunities for the development of Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia. However, according to the Masyarakat Tanpa Riba (Society Without Riba) (MTR), Islamic banks are not much different from conventional banks (BK). Therefore, the focus of this article is the law of usury in the view of the MTR, which is seen in three aspects, namely, the perception, attitude, and movement of the MTR. This paper aims to determine the law of usury from the view of the MTR. This article uses a qualitative research method, which is field research. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documents. The data analysis technique in this paper uses data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion. The study results show that the MTR is an anti-usury community. MTR can be categorised as a textualist and rigid group (mutasyadidun). The rigid MTR method often implies that Islamic economic development is static and monolithic. The existence of the MTR will be productive if it is read not as a threat but as an auto-criticism against Sharia financial practices that are not yet perfect, highlighting the potential impact of the MTR's perspective on Islamic financial practices.
Patriography, grief and all that jazz
Authors: Rytmeister Emily
Published: February 2025

As part of my recent PhD, I produced a documentary film on the life and music of my father, the jazz musician, Roger Frampton (1948–2000). While a primary motivation for its making was to explore his contribution to Australian music and to the musical lives of his collaborators and students, I was also driven to understand the grief I had long held over his premature death. The film and the process of its making functioned as both a biographical work of Australian jazz history and a project of family history. The film memorialised Roger Frampton and his musical legacy at the same time as recontextualising our relationship as daughter-father to that of biographer-subject. The tensions that derived from this recontextualisation sometimes proved challenging, but ultimately the project delivered a closeness to him, and insights into my own background, that continue to resonate.
Development of an analytical model for determining air flow through a damper of the active clearance control system in aircraft engine turbine
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Samoylenko Nikita , Shvalev Sergey ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: February 2025

The Active Tip Clearance Control System is an important part of an aircraft engine. Currently, dynamic type systems capable of flexibly controlling radial clearances in a turbine are of the greatest interest. Adjustable dampers are used to change the air supply through the system. The control is carried out by setting the flap at a certain angle. This paper presents an analytical model for determining the air flow rate from the fan duct through the active tip clearance control system of a high-pressure turbine with an adjustable damper. The model is based on a series of gas-dynamic and hydraulic calculations. The initial data are the dependence of the total inlet pressure conservation coefficient on the flow rate through the active tip clearance control system. The dimensionless pressure at the outlet of the system is specified as an empirical dependence on the dimensionless pressure behind the fan. The one-dimensional hydraulic model is used to iteratively calculate the flow rate through the low-pressure turbine tip clearance control system until the pressure at the system inlet is established. The flow rate through the tip clearance control system of a high-pressure turbine with a damper is determined using a three-dimensional gasdynamic calculation. The low-pressure turbine tip clearance control system is not modeled and is replaced by the flow rate determined using a hydraulic calculation. The series of calculations is repeated for different damper installation angles. Based on the results of the series of calculations, the dependence of the relative air flow rate through the damper of tip clearance control system in high-pressure turbine on the dimensionless pressure behind the fan and the damper installation angle is obtained. The obtained dependence is compared with experimental data and can be used to calculate the required damper angle in dynamic clearance control system based on mathematical modeling of tip clearances.
Selection of parameters for design of engine, turbofan and turbocompressor consisting of turbofan and turbofan mixed flow
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Simonov Nikolay , Krivosheev Igor ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Rozhkov Kirill ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology
Published: February 2025

The article considers the features of the selection of the main parameters in the design of turbofan and turbofan-type turbofans, turbofans and turbocompressors of the gas generator in their composition. In addition to the known methods, new methods are proposed for using generalized statistical dependencies, such as the ratio of the diametrical dimensions of the fan and fan turbine, compressor low pressure and turbine low pressure, compressor high pressure and turbine high pressure taking into account the degree of reactivity in the turbofan engine, as a dependence of takeoff and cruising thrust, It is proposed to estimate the takeoff thrust taking into account the aircraft performance characteristics, and the air flow on entry taking into account the average statistical values of frontal performance. When optimizing the distribution of free energy between the engine circuits, it is proposed to use the known ratio of the exhaust velocities from separate nozzles taking into account the efficiency of
the second circuit. Taking this into account, it is shown how the main parameters of the turbofan engine are selected. New methods of using the Howell, Smith, Larsen-Miller and Dyshlevsky diagrams are proposed for selecting the main parameters and designing turbofans and compressors as part of a turbofan engine. The proposed methods allow for a more efficient and reasonable selection of initial approximations of the main parameters of engines, turbines and compressors as part of them for subsequent optimization using 3D CAD/CAE modeling in the design and refinement process.
Signaling Inclusivity: Unveiling the Determinants of Corporate LGBTQIA+ Inclusivity Through Signaling Theory
Authors: Siuta Kinga
Published: February 2025

Aim: This study aims to explore how U.S. corporations signal their commitment to LGBTQ+ inclusivity, using signaling theory as a framework. Methodology: By analyzing a dataset of 700 companies and utilizing the Corporate Equality Index (CEI) from the Human Rights Campaign, the research examines the role of sector characteristics and voluntary participation in inclusivity efforts. Results: Through univariate analysis, instrumental variable (IV) regression, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study finds that consumer-facing sectors tend to signal a stronger commitment to inclusivity, reflected in higher CEI scores, while sectors with high injury risks show weaker or inverse correlations with inclusivity. Additionally, the findings highlight that the authenticity of inclusivity efforts – particularly voluntary reporting – is crucial, suggesting that genuine engagement, rather than mere compliance, enhances the effectiveness of inclusivity signaling. Implications and recommendations: The implications for researchers include a deeper understanding of how sector dynamics and voluntary actions influence corporate inclusivity, while practitioners are advised to prioritize authentic engagement to effectively communicate their inclusivity values to stakeholders. Originality/value: This research contributes to the literature by emphasizing the strategic importance of authentic inclusivity signaling in shaping corporate culture and external perceptions.
Chrystocentryzm kapłaństwa w nauczaniu papieża Benedykta XVI
Authors: Pudło Piotr
Published: February 2025

Niniejszy artykuł porusza kwestie chrystocentryzmu kapłaństwa w nauczaniu papieża Benedykta XVI. Ojciec święty podkreśla wielką godność posługi kapłańskiej, która wynika ze szczególnej relacji z Jezusem Chrystusem. Wypowiedzi te odnaleźć można w wydanych dokumentach kościelnych (m.in. adhortacja apostolska Verbum Domini), ale również w jego orędziach, homiliach, czy też innych przemówieniach podczas oficjalnych spotkań. W artykule wykorzystano również wcześniejsze nauczanie Josepha Ratzingera, które głosił jako kardynał i prefekt Kongregacji Nauki Wiary. Zagadnienie chrystocentryzmu kapłaństwa Benedykta XVI przedstawiono w trzech częściach. Najpierw ukazano biblijne podstawy tegoż sakramentu. Następnie skoncentrowano się na kontynuatorach kapłaństwa Jezusa Chrystusa, poczynając od grona apostolskiego. Na koniec przybliżono kwestię osobistej relacji prezbiterów do Chrystusa.
Przyrodniczy obraz osoby w personalizmie
Authors: Sadłocha Łukasz
Published: February 2025

Podbudowanie personalizmu naukami empirycznymi budziło obawy przed redukcjonizmem u samych personalistów. Jednocześnie podkreślali oni, że personalizm stara się w pełni zrozumieć fenomen osoby ludzkiej. Pominięcie wyników nauk empirycznych byłoby więc również pewnym rodzajem redukcjonizmu antropologicznego. Nie dziwi więc fakt, że w swoich pracach naukowych podejmują oni próby interpretacji wyników nauk empirycznych. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie aktualności tego zagadnienia w kontekście wciąż trwających badań empirycznych na pograniczu świata zwierząt i świata ludzi.
Energy Storage System for Solving the Inverter Backfeed Energy Problem
Authors:   High Institute of Science and Technology, Emsaad, Libya, Saleh Salah H. E. , Dawoud Anees Almabrouk Salih ,   High Institute of Science and Technology, Emsaad, Libya, Saied Kamal Mohamed ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Bright Star University, Brega, Libya, Yahya Waled ,   Department of Management Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
Published: February 2025

The energy storage system is an effective solution to improve energy utilization efficiency in systems
relying on renewable energy sources such as solar panels and wind energy. Occasionally, surplus energy is produced
that is not immediately consumed, leading to it being fed back into the grid or wasted. To address this issue, energy
storage batteries can be used to store the excess energy generated by the inverter instead of returning it to the grid. The
solution involves installing energy storage batteries (such as lithium or lead-acid batteries) along with integrating a
smart controller or Energy Management System (EMS) that monitors energy production and directs the surplus to be
stored in the batteries. During periods of low production (e.g., sunset or fluctuating wind), stored energy is retrieved to
meet the user’s needs, ensuring continuous power supply without relying on the grid. The primary benefits of this
system include improved utilization of surplus energy, increased independence, and reduced reliance on the public grid,
as well as enhanced sustainability and reduced consumption of non-renewable energy. However, the system faces
challenges such as the high cost of batteries and their limited lifespan, requiring periodic replacement. This system
represents a promising solution to enhance the efficiency of renewable systems and ensure more effective use of the
generated energy.
On Some Issues of the Legal Regulation of Unjust Enrichment Obligations
Authors: Fedoseev Peter
Published: February 2025

Introduction: the paper discusses the issues of the legal regulation of obligations arising from unjust enrichment; in particular, it discusses the opinion on an excessively wide list of grounds for the occurrence of unjust enrichment obligations, which blurs their civil nature. The author disputes the opinion that unjust enrichment may also arise in connection with the seizure of property from a person as a result of a crime or administrative misconduct, since, in the author’s opinion, the concepts of “unjust” and “illegal” are not identical. In addition, the author argues that the object that creates unjust enrichment, the source of its increment, can be not only materialized objects but also other income-generating objects of civil relations. The purpose of the paper, first of all, is to study the legal terminology used by the legislator as a lexical basis for the legal regulation of unjust enrichment obligations, in terms of analyzing the correctness of its logical and semantic content and the ability to reflect all the variety of elements and dynamics of obligations arising from unjust enrichment. The main research methods are the methods of comparative jurisprudence and the logical methods of text research, which allow establishing the relationship of terms within the concept, as well as the method of legal hermeneutics used to interpret the meaning of the civil legislation norms. The result of the study is the author’s conclusions about the need to expand the list of sources of unjust enrichment and the possibility of attributing to them unrealized objects of civil relations; in addition, the author proposes a new definition of the term “enrichment.” The field of application of the results should be recognized as subsequent research works on the stated topic, in which the conclusions drawn in the paper can be used as a theoretical basis, as well as the content of the paper can be recommended for study in the courses of private law. Conclusions: the author has established that the legal nature of unjust enrichment obligations is not limited exclusively to subsidiary nature in relation to tort obligations. In modern private law, they may also have an independent character; the unreasonableness of enrichment does not always mean its illegality, and enrichment itself may consist not only in obtaining income in the form of cash but also in other ways of adding to the wealth of the acquirer.
Methods of Possible Application of Cell-Free Amniotic Fluid Analogues in the Practice of a Pediatrician
Authors: Gasanov Kyamal E. , Sorogina Lidiya V. , Parfenov-Mamykin Mikhail S. , Tsaturova Anna A.
Published: February 2025

The use of amniotic fluid as a source of stem cells is of great interest in cosmetology, genetics, obstetrics, neonatology and other areas of medicine. The relatively easy method of cell culture expands and reduces the cost of their use, but their indiscriminate use is fraught with the risk of developing malignant neoplasms due to the lack of control over the differentiation of multipotent cells in the patient’s body. The relatively easy method of cell culture expands and reduces the cost of their use, but their indiscriminate use is fraught with the risk of developing malignant neoplasms due to the lack of control over the differentiation of multipotent cells in the patient’s body. But even cell-free amniotic fluid is rich in a variety of cytokines that promote enterocyte protection against the effects of pro-inflammatory immune response factors and hypoxia, as well as optimal water-electrolyte composition. An analog of cell-free amniotic fluid, which includes tissue growth factors, can be a means of additional protection of the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract, help inhibit the development of necrotic enterocolitis in reversible stages, which can reduce the number of surgical interventions in newborns and positively affect the healing of damaged epithelium at the site of intestinal wounds. The aim of this study was to find scientific evidence for this hypothesis.
Ontogeny and point-of-no-return of Amazon banded cichlid Heros severus larvae
Authors: SANTOS HUGO LEANDRO DOS , ABE HIGO A. , FREIRE KATIA M.F. , SANTANA FABRICIO SA DE , CARVALHO AMANDA S. , SANTOS LUCAS VINICIUS , SANTOS CINDY CAROLINE M. , PAIXÃO PETERSON EMMANUEL G. , MENESES JULIANA O. , PORTELLA MARIA CÉLIA , FUJIMOTO RODRIGO YUDI
Published: February 2025

Abstract This study describes the embryonic and larval development of the ornamental fish Heros severus, and the effects of delaying its initial feeding, providing insights for its captive breeding. Experiment 1 describes the embryonic and larval until hatching. The Experiment 2 determined the point-of-no-return (PNR) and evaluated the effect of delaying the first feeding on the development and survival of H. severus larvae. This experiment consisted of 10 treatments represented by the day of first feeding (delays of 1 to 10 days to first feeding), and two controls (positive: larvae continuously fed; negative: not-fed larvae. The cleavage occurred at 55 minutes post- fertilization and hatching at 53 hours post-fertilization at a water temperature of 28±0.5°C. The newly hatched larvae showed average total length of 4.18±0.18mm and remained attached to the substrate until mouth opening, which was observed at 125 hpf, when they filled the gas bladder and initiated swimming movements. The longer was the time for first feeding, the lower was larval weight and length. However, one day of feed deprivation did not affect larval development. The estimated point-of-no-return for H. severus larvae were 6 and 8 days for PNR50 and PNR100, respectively.