bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOLITARY MULTILOCULAR CYST OF THE KIDNEY WITH EMBRYONIC TISSUE IN A CHILD
Authors: Sasou Shunichi , Monma Nobuhiro , Koike Hiroyuki , Ohori Tsutomu
Published: December 2008

A case of multilocular cyst of the kidney with embryonic tissue has been reported. The patient was a five‐month‐old girl. A large multicystic space occupying lesion was found in the right kidney. Some embryonic renal tissue was observed in the cystic mass by microscopy. The significance of the presence of the embryonic renal tissue in a multilocular cyst of children was discussed referring to other cases reported in the literature.
AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA WITH CHLOROMA
Authors: Nihei Kuninobu , Terashima Kazuo , Nito Toshiaki , Imai Yutaka , Aoyama Katsuhiko , Takahashi Kenji , Ando Haruo , Koike Kazuo , Sasaki Hideo
Published: December 2008

Tumor forming acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is rare and only three cases have been documented. However, there are no reports on either the chloromatous character or electron microscopical analysis. The present paper dealt with a light, electron microscopic and histochemical study of the tumor of APL in a 55‐year‐old Japanese male. The tumors found in the anterior mediastinum and right lower extremity. He died from respiratory disturbance and hydrothorax due to obstruction of the pulmonary truncus by the mediastinal tumor. In electron microscopy, the tumor cells showed dilatation, eolloracious pattern and honey‐comb‐like structure of rough endoplasmic reticula (RER) and parallel array‐arrangement of smooth endoplasmic reticula (SER). These abnormalities of ER are the same as those recently recognized in leukemic cells in APL. Furthermore, the intercellular junctions composed of opposing dense patches of the cytoplasmic plasmalemma were frequently found between the more immature tumor cell of the mediastinum.
PATHOGENESIS OF PORTAL SCLEROSIS IN THE LIVER WITH IDIOPATHIC PORTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Fukuda Kazunori , Arakawa Masahiro , Kage Masayoshi , Matsumoto Shin‐ichi , Nakashima Toshiro , Okuda Kunio
Published: December 2008

The pathomorphological changes of intrahepatic portal veins were studied in 19 autopsy cases of idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH), and the pathogenesis of portal sclerosis was discussed by the observations on the human and experimental materials. The degree and morphological appearance of intimal lesions vary from vessel to vessel. Fibrocellular proliferation of subendothelial tissue and incorporation of organized mural thrombi were suggested as the cause of intimal thickening in the portal veins. Animal experiment showed that injury of portal vein wall was followed by intimal hyperplasia and/ or incorporation of mural thrombi, and resulted in portal sclerosis similar to that of IPH liver. The cause of portal phlebosclerosis in IPH can not be explained by passive congestion alone. There might be a certain possibility of direct injurious effect in the vessel wall in the pathogenesis of portal lesions of IPH. The following pathogensis of portal sclerosis in IPH is postulated: phlebosclerotic changes of the portal veins are initiated by injury to the vessel wall due to unknown cause (s) and accelerated by secondary thrombosis and/ or mechanical injury due to increased portal pressure.TA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 299–314, 1985.
ADRENAL CORTEX OF MICROMYS MINUTUS JAPONICUS (JAPANESE HARVEST MOUSE)
Authors: Sugihaba Hajime , Yun Kankatsu , Yonemitsu Nobuhisa , Miyabara Sliinichi , Tsutsui Chiyoko , Nakashima Hisako , Watanabe Fumitomo
Published: December 2008

Micromys minutus japonicus (Japanese harvest mouse) is one of the smallest known mammals and is easily maintainable in the laboratory. The adrenal cortex of this animal is described here for the first time. The morphological structure with histochemistry was essentially the same as that of the mouse or the rat. However, the histochemical activity of steroid 3β‐OH dehydrogenase in the zona glomerulosa was characteristically positive in this animal and electron microscopically Golgi's apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum were prominent in the glomerular cells. The concentration of aldosterone was high in the serum. These findings suggest the hyperfunction of the zona glomerulosa in this animal. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 323–328,1985.
GASTRIC CARCINOIDS OF ECL CELLS
Authors: Grigioni W.F. , Caletti G.C. , Gabrielli M. , Marrano D. , Villanacci V. , Mancini A.
Published: December 2008

Clinical, histological, histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of eight cases of carcinoid tumors of the non‐antral portion of the stomach are presented. Four cases with multiple polypoid lesions are accompanied by an increased level of gastrin. A normal level of gastrin was present in the other four cases with isolated tumor and a normal component of endocrine cells in the uninvolved mucosa. In the first group with multiple lesions, the histological and histochemical analysis of the endocrine cells revealed a wide range of appearances: a) “simple hyperplasia”, b) “nodular hyperplasia”, and c) carcinoid tumor. These aspects suggested a different pathogenesis for the carcinoid tumors of the non‐antral portion of the stomach with possible therapeutical implications. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 361–375, 1985.
LIPID STORAGE DISEASE : PART II
Authors: Takahashi Kiyoshi , Naito Makoto
Published: December 2008

The ultrastructural pathology of the stored materials in lipid storage cells, particularly of macrophagic nature, in various disorders of sphingolipidosis was investigated. Cell morphology of the lipid storage cells was largely divided into two groups; one had peculiar cell morphology, such as Gaucher cells or globoid cells, and the other showed the appearance of foam cells. These cytological characteristics of the lipid storage cells were closely related to the ultrastructural configuration of lipid storage inclusions. By transmission electron microscopy, the fundamental structures of the stored materials were classified into two types; tubular and lamellar. The tubular structures were formed by accumulation of ceramide or monohexosyl ceramide, whereas the lamellar structures were formed by accumulation of larger sphingolipids than monohexosyl ceramide. These tubular structures were proven to consist of multilayers of lamellae, which are considered fundamentally similar to the lamellar structures. Almost all the lipid storage inclusions are considered to be of lysosomal origin, because of their encirclement by a single unit membrane and localization of acid phosphatase activity, and participation of heterophagic or autophagic mechanisms as for the development of the inclusions may be noted. Besides, the occurrence of secondary lipid storage was pointed out in some disorders of sphingolipidosis. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 385–408, 1985.
THREE CASES OF PRIMARY SPLENIC LYMPHOMA
Authors: Hara Kazuo , Ito Masahumi , Shimizu Kazuyuki , Matsumoto Takatoshi , Suchi Taizan , Iijima Soichi
Published: December 2008

Three cases of primary splenic lymphoma (two diffuse large cell (DL) lymphomas; and one follicular mixed small cleaved and large cell (FM) lymphoma according to the Working Formulation) are presented. Histologically as well as immuno‐histochemically, all were considered to be of follicular center cell origin. Reticulin stains clearly demonstrated that the white pulp was primarily involved both in FM and DLs. Remnants of clusters of dendritic reticular cells were demonstrated immuno‐histochemically in one case of DL. Primary splenic lymphomas in the Japanese literatures were reviewed and compared with those in the American literatures. It was found that “a solitary mass” was the predominant gross feature (81%) and “reticulum cell sarcoma” was the predominant histologic type (66%) in Japan. In the United States, lymphosarcoma was the predominant histologic type (39%), reflecting the histologic distribution of nodal lymphomas, and “homogeneous” or “miliary” was the predominant gross feature (71%). ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 419–435, 1985.
FAMILIAL OCCURRENCE OF OLIGOMEGANEPHRONIA
Authors: Kusuyama Yoji , Tsukino Ryuichi , Oomoei Hiromitus , Kuribayashi Koichi , Katayama Hiroyuki , Koike Michio , Saito Koji
Published: December 2008

Oligomeganephronia (OMN) is a rare, renal hypoplasia, consisting of reduced number of hypertrophied nephrons. This disorder has been considered to be a congenital but not a genetic disease. We describe the first report, to the best of our knowledge, of familial cases of OMN; two male siblings ran rapidly downhill courses and died 11 and 8 days after births, respectively. In addition, the two patients had similar multiple anomalies; microcephaly, prominent glabella, hypertelorism, antimongoloid slant, epicanthal folds, broad nose, cleft lip and palate, downturned mouth, short philtrum, micrognathia, low set ears, hypospadias, and cryptorchism. Although the patients and the parents had normal G‐banded karyotypes, 4p monosomy syndrome is suggested from clinical features. The implications of this are discussed briefly. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 449–457, 1985.
RIGHT‐SIDED INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS COMBINED WITH MITRAL INVOLVEMENT IN A PATIENT WITH VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT
Authors: Itoh Nobuo , Shigematsu Hidekazu , Itoh Masahiro , Yamada Hiroyoshi
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of right‐sided infective endocarditis combined with mitral valvular involvement in a 20‐year‐old male Japanese with ventricular septal defect (VSD) was reported. The vegetations were found on the endocardium bordering VSD, tricuspid valve, mural endocardium of the right ventricular outflow tract, and even the pulmonic valve, resulting in forming infective aneurysm of the pulmonary trunk. Streptococcus was morphologically identified in the vegetations obtained at autopsy. On the other hand, smaller vegetations were also noted on the mitral valve. The mechanisms of the mitral extending were discussed when right‐sided infective endocarditis associated with VSD preceded that on the mitral valve. The authors think that mitral regurgitation in relation to VSD and right to left shunt through VSD which occur even temporarily may be the most important mechanism responsible for the mitral valvular involvement. Several differences between right‐sided and left‐sided infective endocarditis were also reviewed. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 459–471, 1985
GASTRIC SMALL CELL UNDIFFERENTIATED CARCINOMA WITH ADENO and SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA COMPONENTS
Authors: Shibuya Hiroyuki , Azumi Norio , Abe Fumihiko
Published: December 2008

A unique gastric tumor is reported. A large portion of the tumor consisted of a diffuse sheet of undifferentiated cells reminiscent of a small cell undifferentiated carcinoma. The tumor cells showed a few dense core granules and a poorly developed attachment apparatus by electron microscopy. In addition, small portions of the tumor showed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Another noteworthy finding was that some of the metastatic hepatic nodules consisted of relatively monotonous polygonal cells with a distinct cord‐like pattern showing argentafflnity and argyrophilia which were indicative of an atypical carcinoid. This case is a rare example of a gastric tumor with differentiation towards endocrine as well as adeno and squamous cell carcinoma. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 473–480, 1985.
TUBULAR ADENOMA WITH FOCAL SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA OF THE ASCENDING COLON
Authors: Hayashi Itsuro , Katsuda Yasaburo , Morimatsu Minoru , Miyamoto Yuuji , Kiyonaei Hideyasu , Koga Mitsuru , Nobe Yasufumi , Oktjmura Yukiya , Furtjsawa Motonosuke
Published: December 2008

A case of tubular adenoma with focal squamous metaplasia of the ascending colon in a 66‐year‐old male is reported. The tumor was a pedunculated polyp with a size of 1.5 × 1.4 × 0.9 cm. Histologically, the tumor showed tubular adenoma with moderate to severe atypia, was accompanied by focal squamous metaplasia. It is thought that squamous epithelial polyp may be derived from colonic adenoma with squamous metaplasia, and that the malignant change of colonic adenoma with squamous metaplasia may lead to squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Only seven cases of colonic adenoma with squamous metaplasia have been reported previously in the literature, and it is yet necessary to discuss the histogenesis, significance, and natural history of colonic adenoma with squamous metaplasia. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 507–515, 1985.
CONGENITAL NEPHROTIC SYNDROME (FINNISH TYPE)
Authors: Fujinami Mutsuyo , Hane Yasuyuki , Ito Katsumi , Kajita Akira
Published: December 2008

The case was a one year and four months old boy, who had been diagnosed as congenital nephrotic syndrome on the 4th day of life. He died of septicemia from peritonitis. Large pale kidneys, dilated trunk of pulmonary artery, and thickened left atrial endocardium were observed at autopsy. Renal histology seemed to be compatible with congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type. Viral antigens of herpes simplex type 1 and varicella‐zoster in paraffin‐embedded sections were proven to be negative. Besides renal change, increased number of pancreatic islets without hypertrophy was noticed. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 517–525, 1985.
SOLITARY NEUROFIBROMA OF THE ESOPHAGUS
Authors: Saitoh Kiyoshi , Nasu Michiyo , Kamiyama Ryuichi , Hatakeyama Shigeru , Maruyama Michio , Tsukuta Koji , Takeshita Kimiya
Published: December 2008

A rare case of solitary neurofibroma located in the esophagus is reported. A large (4.2 × 4.0 × 3.0 cm) submucosal tumor was surgically removed from the midportion of the esophagus of a 64‐year‐old woman. Light and electron microscopic examination, and immunohistochemistry of S‐100 protein in the tumor tissue confirmed neurofibroma. The patient had no evidence of von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. A review of literature failed to find other reports of solitary neurofibroma of the esophagus with reliable histological diagnosis. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 527–531, 1985.
NITROSAMIDE‐INDUCED SARCOMAS IN THE GASTRIC PYLORUS OF HAMSTERS: A Histological and Ultrastructural Survey on the Histogenesis
Authors: Mori Hideki , Bunai Yasuo , Takahashi Masayoshi , Domellöf Lennart
Published: December 2008

A histological and ultrastructural survey on the histogenesis of N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)‐induced gastric sarcomas in hamsters was attempted. Within 3 months after the beginning of oral administration of MNNG, simple spindle cell proliferation in the submucosal zone of the pyloric region of the glandular stomach was evident. By 5‐6 months, the cells had acquired a sarcomatous appearance. Ultrastructurally, the spindle cells in the early stage, were divided into 3 types, i.e., angiogenic cells, fibroblastic cells, and primitive mesenchymal cells. Similarly, those in the late‐appearing sarcomatous tumors were also classified into different types of angiogenic, fibroblastic, histiocytic and miscellaneous cells. Among the cell population of the 2 major groups, angiogenic cells were the most predominant cell type. Some morphological transition appeared to occur between the corresponding cell types at the early and late stages. DNA content of cell nuclei of the representative forms of the nitrosamide‐induced sarcomas was higher than that of early appearing spindle cells. Thus, the evidence suggests that the early appearing spindle cells are precursors for the gastric sarcomas. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35:577‐590, 1985.
AN IMMUNO‐ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON INTRACELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF THYROGLOBULIN (TG) IN THE THYROID GLAND IN GRAVE'S DISEASE
Authors: Nakayama Iwao , Noguchi Shiro , Yamashita Hiroto , Murakami Nobuo , Mochizuki Yuichi , Yokoyama Shigeo , Noguchi Akito , Mifune Kumato
Published: December 2008

Intracellular localization of thyroglobulin (TG) using a pre‐embedding diffusion technique and an indirect localization sequence has been made in human thyroid obtained from 20 patients with treated Grave's disease. Both antibodies, anti‐human TG‐rabbit IgG F(ab′)2 and anti‐rabbit IgG F(ab′)2‐goat IgG F(ab′)2 fragments easily penetrated the cytoplasm of follicular cells which were dissociated by RPMI‐1640 solution containing collagenase, dispase, and deoxyribonuclease. With light microscopic observation of semithin sections positive immuno‐reaction for TG was demonstrated as fine granular deposits in the cytoplasm of the dissociated cells. In electron microscopic studies, intracellular antigen was well circumscribed within certain cell organelles in all cases with the positive immuno‐reaction for TG being observed in perinuclear space, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complexes, secretory granules, and reabsorbed colloid droplets. Content of positive immuno‐reaction product differed somewhat from one case to another and from one follicle to another even in the same case. There was no immuno‐reaction product in nuclei, mitochondria, lysosomes, and lipofuscin‐like granules. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 591–603, 1985.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTIONS IN EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE MYASTHENIA GRAVIS (EAMG) IN RABBITS
Authors: Aeizono Naoki , Takeoka Osamu , Hasegawa Michinori , Yonezawa Takeshi , Yamaguchi Kyohei
Published: December 2008

Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) was produced in rabbits by the injection of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) protein from electric organ of Narkacion tokyonis with complete Freund's adjuvant, and the ultra‐structural alterations of the neuromuscular junctions were studied. A lesion comparable to human myasthenia gravis could be observed in these animals. In acute EAMG, which showed a rapidly progressive severe paralysis 19 to 24 days after the first inoculation, distinct degeneration of the postsynaptic membrane was observed. Sometimes an irregular gap was found between the nerve terminal and postsynaptic sarcoplasm. In chronic EAMG with mild and prolonged muscle weakness, which appeared 23 to 54 days after the first inoculation, poorly developed junctional folds with little degenerative change were seen. By a morphometric analysis, some of the changes were detected even in a subclinical EAMG. In the presynaptic region, there was no ultrastructural alteration except that an increase of nerve terminal area was observed in chronic and subclinical EAMG. The pathogenesis of these alterations was discussed. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 621–629, 1985.
INTRAVASCULAR BRONCHIOLOALVEOLAR TUMOR: Report of An Autopsy Case and Review of Literature
Authors: Taguchi Takashi , Tsuji Koichi , Matsuo Kakaru , Takebayashi Shigeo , Kawahaea Katsunobu , Hadama Tetsuo
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case with intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor occurring in a 51‐year‐old Japanese woman is reported. The lungs contained multiple nodules which were characteristic features of this tumor. In addition, the tumor diffusely involved bilateral lower lobes associated with extensive pleural invasion. and the tumor tended to spread along vascular and bronchial trees. No extrathoracic metastasis was noted. Histologically, the nodules showed hypocellular hyaline or myxoid tissue surrounded by peripheral cellular layers. Diffuse consolidated areas were composed of collagenous connective tissue with scattered tumor cells. Factor VIII‐related antigen could not be demonstrated in tumor cells, but the negative result was considered to be secondary to antigen deterioration by delayed fixation of the tissue. Electron microscopic examination did not support the alveolar epithelial cell origin, but revealed morphological characteristics of myofibroblasts and endothelial cells. The tumor is presumed to be derived from vascular stem cell with a tendency of endothelial differentiation. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 631–642, 1985.
CHROMIUM‐INDUCED PULMONARY CANCER: Report of a Case and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Kim Suryanng , Iwai Yasuhiro , Fujino Motohiro , Furumoto Masaru , Sumino Kimiaki , Miyasaki Kichihei
Published: December 2008

A 57‐year‐old man, whose occupational history was that of a chromate worker for about 35 years, suffered nasal perforation during and died due to pulmonary cancer. In the autopsy materials, the concentration of chromium in the lung tissues was very high, being about 90 times the amount found in normal lungs. The chromium particles in the lung tissues could not be detected by analytical electron microscope, but they could be found in the anthoracotic lesions of the lungs by means of an X‐ray microanalyser. The present case was judged to be a case of chromium‐induced pulmonary cancer since all the pathologic data obtained were similar to those found in similar cases reported in the literature, ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 643–654, 1985.
PRIMARY SIGNET‐RING CELL CARCINOMA OF THE URINARY BLADDER: Report of Two Cases with Histochemical Studies
Authors: Kitamura Hajime , Sumikawa Takayuki , Fukuoka Hiroshi , Kanisawa Masayoshi
Published: December 2008

Two cases of primary signet‐ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder are presented with histochemical studies. The signet‐ring cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare variant of mucus‐producing vesical adenocarcinoma: sixteen cases have been reported in the Occidental and two other cases in Japanese literature. Most of the cases were discovered in the advanced stage and the prognosis was poor: necessity of early detection by cytological examination and treatment with surgery is stressed. The histochemical evidence for the similarity of the neoplasm to colonic epithelium in mucus production is illustrated and the grade of malignancy is discussed from the view of mucus production by the neoplasms. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 675–686, 1985.
GRANULAR CELL TUMOR OF THE GALLBLADDER: Report of a Case
Authors: Yamaguchi Koji , Kuroki Shoji , Daimaru Yutaka , Hashimoto Hiroshi , Enjoji Munetomo
Published: December 2008

A rare case of granular cell tumor of the gallbladder in a 58‐year‐old Japanese man is presented. This is the third report of such a tumor arising in the gallbladder. The immunohistochemical study demonstrated the localization of the nervous‐system‐specific protein (S‐100 protein) in the granular component cells, thereby supporting the Schwann cell origin of this tumor. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 687–691, 1985.
THE NATURE OF “BLUE NEVUS” IN CYSTIC TERATOMAS OF THE OVARY: An Ultrastructural Evidence for Schwann Cell Origin
Authors: Kudo Motoshige
Published: December 2008

The ultrastructural findings of two cases of “blue nevus” in ovarian benign cystic teratomas are described. The bipolar or dendritic pigmented cells showed features of Schwann cells with melanin synthesis, but not of ordinary melanocytes. This study supports the neural origin of blue nevus. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 693–698, 1985.
DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION INDUCED BY GENERALIZED CYTOMEGALIC INCLUSION DISEASE DURING STEROID THERAPY FOR POLYMYOSITIS
Authors: Shimizu Kazuhiro , Kishikawa Masao , Serine Ichiro , Nishimori Issei , Kawajiri Akihiro
Published: December 2008

A 56‐year‐old woman came to the hospital with fever and skin eruptions. A rise in myogenic enzyme and the presence of antileucocyte antibody were noticed, along with the gradual appearance of myalgia in both lower extremities, and muscle weakness. Steroid therapy was started under the diagnosis of polymyositis. The steroid was reduced because of mental disturbance but immediately the patient developed high fever. Various forms of treatment were carried out but there was no improvement, and the patient died. At autopsy there were scattered purpura on the skin, and the muscles were atrophic and yellowish‐grey in color. Histopathologically, there was inflammatory cell infiltration and muscle fiber degeneration visible in many of the muscles, and the findings showed evidence of polymyositis. There were intranuclear inclusions in the lungs, ovaries, and adrenal glands, and this was diagnosed as generalized cytomegalic inclusion disease. Fibrin thrombi were found in the kidneys, lungs, and adrenal glands and this was pathologically diagnosed as disseminated intravascular coagulation. Endothelial cell damage caused by cytomegalovirus was assumed to be involved to a large extent in triggering the disseminated intravascular coagulation. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 723–730, 1985.
VIBRIO VULNIFICUS SEPTICEMIA
Authors: Shirouzu Kazuo , Miyamoto Yuichi , Yasaka Tatsuomi , Matsubayashi Yasuo , Morimatsu Minoru
Published: December 2008

A 33‐year‐old Japanese male, who had a three year history of biopsy‐proved liver cirrhosis, was admitted to the hospital on June, 24, 1983 with a sudden onset of fever (38.6°C), chills, generalized pain, nausea, anorexia, weakness, and eruption over the entire body. The patient went into shock and died about 7 hours after admission. Blood cultures before death were positive for V. vulnificus. Postmortem microscopic examination revealed “necrotizing vasculitis” in the small and large intestines, stomach, and skin, and also showed marked toxic epidermal necrolysis. This case matches the primary septicemia caused by V. vulnificus described by Blake et al. In addition, this case suggests that the septicemia was acquired through the gastrointestinal tract, especially the small intestine, because the V. vulnificus was isolated from blood and numerous Gram‐negative bacilli around the submucosal vessels were observed in the area with acute necrotizing vasculitis. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 731–739, 1985.
HYALINOID GIANT CELL GASTRITIS
Authors: Hanada Masato , Takami Motohisa , Hieata Kazuya , Nakajima Toshio
Published: December 2008

A rare case of degenerative and inflammatory lesion of the stomach occurring in a 34‐year‐old woman is reported. Clinically, the lesion simulated gastric carcinoma because of the extensive involvement of the mucosa and submucosa by the process. Histologically, it was characterized by eosinophilic hyalinoid degeneration of smooth muscles in the muscularis mucosae as well as mucosal and submucosal blood vessels accompanied with foreign body giant cells and other inflammatory cells. The lesion occurred in association with chronic peptic ulcers, and a small submucosal nodule histologically compatible with inflammatory fibroid polyp coexisted within the area of this lesion. The patient has had no systemic disease and has been well for 4.5 years postoperatively. These clinical features suggest a localized nature of the lesion limited to the stomach. The term “hyalinoid giant cell gastritis” is proposed to describe this distinctive form of gastritis. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 749–758, 1985.
PRIMARY SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS WITH SEVERE CARDIAC AMYLOIDOSIS
Authors: Hiasa Yoshio , Kitahobi Yoshiteru , Konishi Noboru , Shimoyama Taketo , Sakaguchi Yasuhiro , Seki Asao , Akiyama Hiroyuki , Kose Akiko , Yoshida Akira
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of primary systemic amyloidosis with severe cardiac amyloidosis in a 75‐year‐old Japanese man is reported. The initial signs were dyspnea and cough, followed by general fatigue and loss of appetite. Heart failure, pleural effusion, and liver cysts were found on physiological examination. Autopsy findings were primary sytemic amyloidosis with severe diffuse cardiac amyloidosis and cardiac hypertrophy (585 g). Focal necrosis by infarction was found in the liver and spleen. The cause of amyloidosis was unknown. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 905–914, 1985.
SUBCUTANEOUS SACROCOCCYGEAL MYXOPAPILLARY EPENDYMOMA A Case Report and Review of the Literatures
Authors: Matsuo Kenji , Kumagai Kenji , Kawai Kioko , Tsuchiyama Hideo
Published: December 2008

A case of myxopapillary ependymoma originating in the soft tissue is described. The tumor was located subcutaneously over the coccyx of an 11‐year‐old girl but was connected neither to the filum terminale nor cauda equina. Clinically, the tumor was locally resected with a diagnosis of pilonidal cyst. Histological and electron microscopic findings were identical to myxopapillary ependymoma. The tumor cells showed a positive reaction by immunoperoxidase method (PAP method) of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 925–931, 1985.
PLASMA CELL GRANULOMA OF THE LUNG WITH EXTRAPULMONAL EXTENSION
Authors: Muraoka Shunji , Sato Toshihiro , Takahashi Tatsuro , Ando Masakatsu , Shimoda Akihisa
Published: December 2008

A rare case of plasma cell granuloma of the lung in a 5‐year‐old girl showing extrapulmonal extension to the adjoining thoracic wall was reported. Intrapulmonal and thoracic wall granulomas revealed the same histopathologic features; proliferation of plasma cells and fibrous connective tissue. Although slightly atypical plasma cells were observed among many mature ones, immunohistochemical examination revealed polyclonal proliferation, confirming their inflammatory nature. Cellular components of fibrous connective tissue were identified as fibroblastic cells and myofibroblasts by electron microscopy. The present case and literature suggested the importance of the fact that “infiltrative” plasma cell granuloma had a tendency to occur in children. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 933–944, 1985.
ALPHA FETOPROTEIN and GARGINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN PRODUCING HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: Amano Shigeru , Kataoka Hideo , Hazama Fumitada , Nakatake Minora , Maki Atsuhiko
Published: December 2008

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) showing marked elevation of serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) (maximum; 70942.0 ng/ml at the end stage) and serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)(maximum; 7368.4 ng/ml at the end stage) was surgically resected. In the resected liver, there were two different tumor nodules which were adjacent to each other but clearly separated by a thin connective tissue. One of the nodules was a well differentiated and the other was poorly differentiated HCC. Immunoperoxidase study revealed that both CEA and AFP were localized in the tumor cells of the poorly differentiated HCC. This is the first report which clearly proved CEA synthesis in the cells of HCC. Serial staining showed that there was simultaneous synthesis of CEA and AFP in some of the tumor cells. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 969–974, 1985.
BENIGN HEMANGIOENDOTHELIOMA OF THE PANCREAS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE
Authors: Horie Hiroshi , Iwasaki Isao , Iida Hidezi , Takizawa Jun , Itoh Fumio , Kohda Shinichi
Published: December 2008

A 3‐year‐old boy with benign hemangioendothelioma of the pancreas is reported. He showed the presenting sign of obstructive jaundice. The boy was treated with temporary choledochojejunal bypass without additional treatment. In a 16‐month follow‐up the child has been well and asymptomatic. Laboratory data showed no abnormality. Biopsied specimen of pancreatic head showed hemangiomatous pattern histologically. Immunohistochemical studies of the biopsy revealed positive reaction to factor VHI‐related antigen (FVIII‐RAG), an endothelial cell marker, supporting an endothelial origin. Hemangioendothelioma has a favorable prognosis and spontaneous regression can be expected. So the first treatment of the tumor should be conservative. ACTA PATHOL, JPN. 35: 975–979, 1985.
CARCINOSARCOMA OF THE URINARY BLADDER
Authors: Mueao Tsuyoshi , Tanahashi Toyoko
Published: December 2008

A case of carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a 33‐year‐old man is presented. The tumor developed from the left anterolateral wall and protruded into the vesical lumen. The excised tumor revealed that more than 99% was sarcomatous component with the appearance of an osteochondrosarcoma. Small foci of papillo‐tubular carcinoma were scattered in the sarcomatous area. The histological features, histogenesis and treatment of carcinosarcoma of the bladder are discussed in relation to the literature. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 981–988, 1985.
ENDOTHELIAL SURFACE OF THE BLOOD FLOW LOADED CANINE CAROTID ARTERY
Authors: Masuda Hirotake , Shozawa Takeshi , Kanda Mikio , Kamiya Akira
Published: December 2008

In order to study the ultrastructural changes of the endothelial surface induced by blood flow change, an arterio‐venous shunt was constructed between the common carotid artery and the external jugular vein in 10 dogs. Blood flow rate was measured before anastomosis, after anastomosis, and after 1 week. After the final measurement (1 week), the arteries were fixed under normal pressure by 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and were examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Protrusion of nucleic parts of the endothelial cells, microvilli‐like surface projections, and disturbance of pinocytotic vesicles predominated in the shunted arteries exposed to elevated blood flow. No significant ultrastructural changes could be defined in the intercellular junction of the endothelial cells which supported the increased permeability through the junction. It was suggested that the wall shear stress exerted a reactive change on the endothelial cells as well as a direct mechanical deformative effect in the endothelial plasma membrane.
LIGHT AND SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON PERMEABILITY OF HYPERTENSIVE RAT MESENTERIC ARTERIES
Authors: SUZUKI Keiji , KAWAHARADA Umeko , TAKATAMA Masamitsu , OONEDA Genju
Published: December 2008

Experimental hypertensive rats were intravenously injected with carbon and iron as tracers, and their mesenteric arteries exhibiting hypertensive arterial lesions were observed by light and scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Early arterial lesions showing entense medial damages, deposition of fibrinoid substance consisting of fibrin in the intima and/or media, and granulation tissue in the adventitia were characterized by marked insudation of intravenously injected tracers. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated numerous leukocytes and platelets adhering to endothelial surface, opened endothelial cell junctions, and desquamation of these cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed laminin and low stainability of fibronectin in the subendothelium. Advanced lesions showed deposition of a large amount of fibrinoid substance and no insudation of tracers in the intima, but scanning electron microscopy manifested opening of endothelial cell junctions, desquamation of endothelial cells, and adherence of leukocytes and platelets. Immunohistochemistry revealed fibronectin in the intima and laminin just beneath the endothelium. In the healed lesions disclosing fibrocellular intimal thickening, there was no insudation of tracers. Scanning electron microscopy showed opened endothelial cell junctions, endothelial cell defects, and adherence of leukocytes and platelets. There were fibronectin in the intima and laminin beneath the endothelium. It was suggested that the opening of endothelial ceils junctions and desquamation of endothelial cells would be necessary for the arterial increased permeability in hypertensive rats, and that fibrin‐fibronectin complex, fibronectin‐acid mucopolysaccharide complex, and basement membrane would together inhibit the increased permeability in the mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats in spite of endothelial cell injuries and their defects.
IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE STAINING IN UNFIXED OR FIXED RENAL BIOPSY SPECIMENS FROM PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY
Authors: INOUE Wataru , TOMINO Yasuhiko , MIURA Masahiko , SUGA Takao , KANESHIGE Hideaki , NOMOTO Yasuo , SAKAI Hideto
Published: December 2008

Immunofluorescence staining in unfixed or fixed renal biopsy specimens were evaluated in nine patients with diabetic nephropathy in order to elucidate if immunofluorescence staining is applicable in fixed renal tissues in such patients. Renal biopsy specimens were embedded in gelatin or paraffin matrix. Renal biopsy specimens embedded in paraffin matrix were digested with 0.05% protease. Immunofluorescent studies of kidney tissues were performed by staining with FITC‐labeled heavy chain specific anti‐human IgG, IgA, IgM, acute phase reactant (APR) proteins such as α‐1‐anti‐trypsin (αl‐AT), haptoglobin (Hpt) and β‐lipoprotein (β ‐Lp) antisera, and then examined with a fluorescent microscope. Linear and nodular deposition of IgG, IgA, IgM, α 1‐AT, Hpt, and β ‐Lp were observed in the glomerular capillary walls of the renal specimens embedded in paraffin matrix. The staining patterns in specimens embedded in paraffin matrix was similar to that embedded in gelatin matrix. There was no significant difference in the intensity or distribution of IgG, IgM, αl‐AT, and β‐Lp deposition among the two different conditions of immunofluorescence in patients with diabetic nephropathy. It was suggested that immunofluorescence staining in renal biopsy specimens embedded in paraffin matrix after digestion with protease is useful for the evaluation of IgG, IgM, APR proteins, and β ‐Lp in glomeruli from patiens with diabetic nephropathy.
A STUDY ON SO‐CALLED NOVEL INCLUSION BODY IN HUMAN HEPATOCYTE
Authors: TANAKA Kaoru , MORI Wataru , KAWANO Nobuhiro
Published: December 2008

The so‐called novel inclusion body (NIB) is an intrahepatocytic structure which is frequently observed in human cirrhotic liver. It resembles very much to, but definitely differs from Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) morphologically. The age distribution of liver cirrhosis cases positive for NIB is similar to that positive for HBsAg, except for an existence of a time lag in mean age. One of the best staining methods to demonstrate NIB, for example, is to exhibit it as a reddish body stained by Luna, with a contrast of HBsAg counter‐stained purple in color by aldehyde fuchsin after thiosulfation. Electron microscopy of the liver obtained from a patient, negative for both HBsAg and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) but positive for Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) and Hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (HBsAb) clinically, revealed some unfamiliar, tubular and cisternal arrays showing a network pattern and ring‐shaped structure at the site exactly corresponding to NIB localization. These are considered to have been induced from the endoplasmic reticulum by an unknown agent, for which non A non B hepatitis virus (NANBV) is rationally postulated as one of the possibilities. A close relation between NIB and NANBV is highly suspected because of much similarities in histology, histochemistry, age distribution, and electron microscopy. The true nature of NANBV should be rescrutinized, especially in relation with Hepatitis B virus Infection, since NIB is quite often observed also in cirrhotic liver postitive for HBsAg.
CAVERNOUS STRUCTURES COMPOSED OF HEPATOCYTES IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: OGAWA Hiromichi , ITOSHIMA Tatsuya , NAGASHIMA Hideo
Published: December 2008

Cavernous structures composed of hepatocytes were observed for the first time in trabecular‐patterned hepatocellular carcinomas by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The carcinomas were induced by a single dose of diethylnitrosamine combined with subsequent administrations of 2‐acetylaminofiuorene and partial hepatectomy. The cavernous structures had numerous cavities walled by flat hepatocytes. In the cavities, dendritic hepatocytes, connected with each other by their long and slender processes, formed a network and were attached to the fenestrated sinusoidal endothelium via intercellular spaces between the flat hepatocytes. Dendritic hepatocytes had smooth surfaces, prominent nucleoli, decreased glycogen, and well organized cisternae. Dilated bile canaliculi were sometimes seen among flat and dendritic cells. Dendritic cells showed more morphological dearrangement than flat cells. Blood cells were observed in the cavities. Kupffer cells were not seen in the sinusoids among the cavernous structures. The cavernous structures in the hepatocellular carcinomas resembled the hepatocyte arrangement in fetal liver in which intercellular spaces of hepatocytes are extremely widened.
SEQUENTIAL OBSERVATIONS OF THYMIC LYMPHOMA DEVELOPMENT INDUCED IN 10‐WEEK‐OLD F344 RATS BY N‐PROPYL‐N‐NITROSOUREA
Authors: OGIU Toshiaki , SAKURA Yasufumi , MAEKAWA Akihiko
Published: December 2008

N‐Propyl‐N‐nitrosourea (PNU) is a strong carcinogen which induces thymic lymphoma and other tumors in F344 rats. In the present experiment, sequential changes of the thymus, spleen, bone marrow, and other organs were examined histologically in F344 rats which were continuously given PNU in the drinking water. Hematopoietic organs, such as the bone marrow, spleen, and thymus rapidly became hypoplastic. Atrophy of the thymus was followed by repopulation and hyperplasia. The latter was characterized by lymphoblast‐like cells and was followed by development of early stage lymphoma, which arose from the 10th experimental week onwards. At first, thymic lymphoma was observed to involve thymic lobes unilaterally, later spreading to bilateral lobes, and at the 16th experimental week, metastatic foci were evident in the bone marrow of one rat. In contrast, hypoplasia of the bone marrow continued until the end of the experiment, while hypoplasia of the red splenic pulp continued until the 12th experimental week. These results indicate that PNU‐induced lymphomas arise from within the thymus, although it is not possible to rule out a role for the bone marrow as including target cells of PNU. This PNU‐thymic lymphoma system in F344 rats should serve as a good model for the study of experimentally induced thymic lymphoma.
DEVELOPMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF N, N'‐DIMETHYLNITROSOUREA‐INDUCED BRAIN GLIOMAS AND INFLUENCE OF A STAB WOUND IN ADULT RATS
Authors: YAMADORI Ichiro
Published: December 2008

The developmental behavior of rat brain gliomas induced by weekly injections of N, N'‐dimethylnitrosourea (DMNU) from the age of three weeks was studied. In addition, the influence of the repair process of a stab wound on tumor induction by DMNU was examined. From seven weeks after the first injection of DMNU, a loss of subependymal cells appeared along with a decrease in labeling indices in flash labeling with 3H‐thymidine. From twenty weeks, gliomas began to appear. Their distribution was much denser in the vicinity of the depleted subependymal layer than in the periphery of the cerebral hemisphere, and corresponded to the distribution of labeled cells in the normal adult brain. Microtumors composed of less mature glial cells grew to histologically mature gliomas with the lapse of time. No effect of the stab wound was observed on the incidence, distribution or latency period of glioma development. From these results, it was concluded that DMNU‐induced gliomas develop in close relation to cellular differentiation of target cells. It was assumed that mature gliomas are derived from less mature glial cells in the glioblastic (spongioblastic) stage or migrating neuroglias remaining in adult rat brains.
ANNULATE LAMELLAE OBSERVED IN HUMAN PROSTATIC CARCINOMA
Authors: OHTSUKI Yuji , TAKEDA Isao , SONOBE Hiroshi , AKAGI Tadaatsu , Dmochowski Leon
Published: December 2008

Annulate lamellae (AL) were observed in only three out of 40 cases of human prostatic carcinoma, but not in 20 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia and 11 cases of presumably normal prostatic tissues. AL showed the continuity with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and seemingly the nuclear membrane consisting of lamellar or concentric arrangement of stacked membranes and occasionally annular structures. In addition, annuli were detected in the rough endoplasmic reticulum near the stacked membranes which were devoid of ribosomal attachment. These results disclosed that in human prostatic tissues, AL could be only rarely detected in actively dividing cancer cells, and were seemingly the temporary transitional structures transforming from the nuclear membrane to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF CHORDOMA
Authors: SIRIKULCHAYANONTA Vorachai , SRIURAIRATNA Siriporn
Published: December 2008

A 50‐year‐old male developed a sacro‐coccygeal chordoma. Prior to the surgery, he had experienced back‐pain, numbness of the right thigh and difficulty in voiding and defecation. Total excision of the mass was done and all symptoms were relieved. The light microscopic examination revealed a chordoma. The ultrastructural study was performed with particular interest in physaliferous cells. The fine structure disclosed the prominent associations of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The mitochondria showed irregularities in sizes and shapes but did not attenuate as much as previously reported. The vacuoles that were observed by light microscopy in physaliferous cells were both extra‐cellular and intra‐cellular and contained finely granular material of acid mucopolysaccharides probably of chondroitin type. The presence of both subplasmalemmal linear densities (SLD) and pinocytic vesicles was consistent with the histogenetic conviction that the tumor arose from mesodermal derivatives.
PROLIFERATIVE BRENNER TUMOR OF THE OVARY
Authors: IWASAKI Isao , YU Ten Jun , HORIE Hiroshi , TAKAHASHI Atsushi
Published: December 2008

A 72‐year‐old woman was admitted with abdominal distention and a hard mass in the pelvis. Abdominal laparotomy was performed, and a large solid left ovarian tumor was found. Left salpingo‐oophorectomy was carried out. Histology showed cords and nests of stratified high cellular epithelium with dense eosinophilic material in epithelial nests and dense fibrous stroma identified as a Brenner tumor of the ovary. Because mild to moderate cytologic atypia with mitotic activity was present, a diagnosis of proliferative Brenner tumor was made. After the operation, the patient was in good condition with no recurrence or metastasis so far.
CONGENITAL GIANT CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA
Authors: UEYAMA Yoshito , KURATSUJI Tadatoshi , LEE Ja Yung , YAMAZAKI Teteuro , HATA Jun‐ichi , TAMAOKI Norikazu
Published: December 2008

A case of a huge congenital craniopharyngioma in a male infant was reported with a review of five similar cases from the literature.
SOMATOSTATINOMA OF THE PANCREAS
Authors: SHIROUZU Kazuo , MIYAMOTO Yuichi , SHIRAMIZU Tomohiro , MORIMATSU Minora
Published: December 2008

A case of a pancreatic somatostatinoma in a 74‐year‐old male is presented. It was very difficult to establish the clinical diagnosis because of absence of typical symptoms. However, it was very easy to establish the histological diagnosis because typical cytoplasmic neurosecretory granules (D‐cell granules) and immunoreactivity for somatostatin were demonstrated. Moreover, immunoassay of tumor tissues enables one to not only establish a definitive diagnosis but also to demonstrate multiple hormone production.
PROLIFERATION OF ITO CELLS (FAT‐STORING CELLS) IN ACUTE CARBON TETRACHLORIDE LIVER INJURY: A Light and Electron Microscopic Autoradiographic Study
Authors: Enzan Hideaki
Published: December 2008

The proliferative activity of Ito cells in acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was studied by light and electron microscopic autoradio‐graphy. At 48 hours after a single intraperitoneal injection of CCl4, the livers of the mice given vitamin A per os for preceding 9 days and those of the mice without vitamin A‐pretreatment were removed. Small tissue blocks of each group were respectively incubated at 37°CC for 1 hour in culture medium containing 3H‐thymidine. After CC14, injection, perisinusoidal and sinusoidal cells adjacent to centrilobular necrotic liver cells increased in number and size. Some of them were labelled by 3H‐thymidine. On the other hand, the perisinusoidal and sinusoidal cells in the peripheral zone in which liver cells are not markedly degenerated nor necrotic showed no noticeable increase in number. They contained very few or no silver grains after 3H‐thymidine. In control mice the labelling of perisinusoidal cells was hardly observed. Electron microscopic autoradiography revealed that most of the labelled perisinusoidal cells in the centrilobular zone possess characteristics of Ito cells in their location and in the fine structures such as the presence of small fat droplets, well‐developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complex in the cytoplasm. These findings indicate that Ito cells incorporate 3H‐thymidine in DNA synthesis after hepatocellular necrosis resulting in cell proliferation. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 1301–1308, 1985.