bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling static and dynamic characteristics of pressure reducing valves
Authors: Igolkin A. A.
Published: May 2017

The article deals with mathematic simulation of static and dynamic characteristics of a pressure reducing valve installed at the outlet of a noise suppression device. A mathematical model implemented in Matlab/Simulink softwar complex is developed. As a result of simulation dependences of the main operating parameters of a pressure control valve on the area of the orifice flow section are obtained.
Forecasting the endurance limit of surface-hardened cylindrical parts made of steel 20 by the initial deformations of reference specimen
Authors: Sazanov V. P.
Published: May 2017

The possibility of forecasting the increment of endurance limit for solid and hollow cylindrical parts made of steel 20 with semicircular notches after outstripping superficial plastic deforming has been analyzed using the residual stresses (initial deformations) of a reference specimen hardened simultaneously with the part . It is established that the compressive residual stresses calculated in smooth parts by the initial deformations of the reference specimen differ insignificantly (less than 6%) from those found experimentally. The increments of endurance limits of hardened notched parts have been calculated by a well-known method using the average integral residual stresses criterion. Its established that the design values of endurance limit increments differ from the experimentally found ones by no more than 15%.
Method of controllung the angular position of IO ASD relative to the system of coordinates of a gyrostabilized platform
Authors: Degtyarev M. S.
Published: May 2017

The paper deals with a method of determining and checking the angular deviation of the actual position ofthe optical astro-sighting device instrument (IO ASD) relative to its reference target position on a gyrostabilizedplatform (GSP). The structure of a three-degree-of-freedom gyrostabilizer (TGS) that makes it possible to solvethe assigned problem is described. An algorithm of determining the angles of the actual position of the IO ASDon a GSP is presented. The results of verifying the method using the actual devices of the TGS are given.
Controlled percolation and optimal two-phase operations in large-scale networks of nanosatellites
Authors: Mostovoi Ya. A.
Published: May 2017

The paper deals with the solution of applied problems with the help of clusters of simple nanosatellites (NS) united in a network, each of them incapable of onboard control of the center-of-mass motion and randomly distributed in a given area of coverage of a ground track interval.If this method of receiving information is used the set of NSs is required not only to study the characteristics of each NS but also to consider the characteristics of large-scale random clusters of objects forming a "complex network". The notion of controlled percolation of the coverage region implemented in two phases is introduced. During the first phase the stochastic base with comparatively small concentration of NSs is formed which does not provide stochastic percolation, while during the second one additional nanosatellites are introduced in intercluster intervals in an optimal way to achieve the shortest percolation path through stochastically formed NS clusters with a relatively small total number of NSs and minimum of total costs.
Adaptive biofeedback in the restoration of movements in patients with traumatic disease of the spinal cord
Authors: Bogdanova L. P.
Published: May 2017

The aim of this work was to develop a method of adaptive biofeedback using visual and auditory feedback to repair movement disorder in patients with traumatic disease of the spinal cord in case of complex spine fracture on the basis of data on the changes in electrophysiological properties of muscles and spinal motor neurons involved in the pathological process. Sixty four patients were treated and tested in the first month after injury, 40 of them male and 24 female. Depending on the application of techniques used for the treatment all patients were divided into two groups representative by gender, age, the extent of the damage and the severity of the condition group. Forty patients of the main group were treated by a new complex of medical rehabilitation. The experimental group consisted of 24 patients whose treatment was performed by a conventional method. For comparison, we studied the electrophysiological characteristics of muscles in 120 healthy people. A method of adaptive biofeedback based on increasing visual and auditory monitoring of muscle contraction involved in the pathological process was developed to restore patients ability of movement. The method is based on the registration, strengthening and transformation of bioelectric activity of the muscles involved in the pathological process into light and sound signals that the patient can see on the screen of the electromyograph. After the treatment using the method of adaptive biofeedback and therapeutic exercises 85,5 % of the patients developed the possibility of active muscle contraction, whereas no improvement of the recovery process was observed in the experimental group of patients.
Accuracy control method for space complex products at the stage of design engineering
Authors: Yelenev V. D. , Shuplyak Yu. P.
Published: May 2017

The paper discusses the tasks of controlling the required accuracy of space complex products at the stage of design engineering. The product accuracy at the stage of design engineering is viewed as a system characteristic encompassing the whole set of singular requirements for product accuracy defined at the stage of the draft proposal. The method is based on the concept of a standardized accuracy design property which is used to fix the whole number of singular requirements for product accuracy defined by the draft proposal. All the requirements for the product accuracy implemented at the stage of design engineering are reduced to a reference quantity of standardized accuracy design properties defined in the draft proposal to confirm (or disconfirm) their matching each other.
Identification of scale factor of a pendulum compensating accelerometer during an orbital spacecraft mission
Authors: Fominov I. V.
Published: May 2017

The paper deals with a crucial task of estimating the metrological characteristics of a pendulum accelerometer which change under the influence of perturbations in the flight of spacecraft. A method is developed that makes it possible to estimate the value of the scale factor of a compensating pendulum accelerometer in the system of spacecraft maneuver control through the use of grapho-analytical and indirect methods of diagnosing first and second order systems. The proposed method makes possible automatic identification of the scale factor in the absence of external forces of non-gravitational origin. The essence of the method is based on the signal-extracting impact on the actuator accelerometer which causes a natural deviation of the sensing element, and the analysis of the transient response of the accelerometer output signal. Numerical studies show that the accuracy of estimating the scale factor in accordance with the proposed method depends on three factors: the output of the measuring noise, the attenuation coefficient of the pendulum accelerometer sensor, and the moments of the external forces acting on the sensitive axis of the accelerometer in the identification process. The results of simulation led to the conclusion about the possibility of applying this method in solving the problem of self-control of the characteristics of a pendulum accelerometer. It is shown that an increase in the accuracy of estimating the scale factor is possible due to the use of statistical methods of smoothing and filtering. Preliminary analysis showed that the proposed method can be implemented in the creation of algorithmic software of the self-control system of smart accelerometers.
Regenerative air-water heat exchanger with improved heat exchange ability
Authors: Dostovalova S. S. , Serebryakov R. A. , Batukhtin S. G. , Batukhtin A. G.
Published: May 2017

The article describes a power-efficient scheme for using solar energy in centralized heat supply systems that makes it possible to reduce capital and operating costs and increase the degree of substitution of traditional sources of heat. The versatility of systems based on the scheme determines a wide range of their applications: from cottage- type houses to the heating of industrial facilities and greenhouses. The essence of the proposed scheme is that the solar collector for heating medium is switched to the air duct connected to the heated space and an antifreeze substance which circulates in the circuit: storage tank - solar collector. A method of intensifying heat transfer through the use of hole-type intensifiers is proposed. The intensification efficiency is determined by the calculation of daily heat absorption of a flat air collector with the intensification by using holes and without these, the economic effect of the introduction of the proposed method is also determined. According to the calculations, the proposed heating scheme and the intensification of heat transfer on the surface of the collector included in it can provide tangible economic benefits in the implementation.
Mathematic simulation of AL-31F powerplant radiation in the IR range
Authors: Filippov G. S.
Published: May 2017

The paper is devoted to the modeling of aircraft power plant radiation. The object of investigation is the AL-31F aircraft afterburning turbojet bypass engine. The results of research dealing with the calculation of spatial distribution of radiation from complex radiators are presented. A complex method of calculating the infrared radiation based on mathematic simulation of radiant energy spatial distribution is proposed. An algorithm using the probabilistic Monte Carlo method is developed, which makes the modeled process of the beam emission and reflection similar to the physical one. A new method of calculating the indicator function in an absorbing medium from complex radiators is used. Calculations of temperature distribution inside the nozzle and modeling of the power plant geometry are performed. Spatial distribution of infrared radiation is determined on the basis of the computations made. A device for reducing the intensity of radiation over a wide angle range is developed, the analysis of its efficiency is carried out. The device proposed makes it possible to reduce the design level of infrared radiation by more than 90% in the range of the solid angle of the rear hemisphere. The results of calculating the direct (without reflections of radiation inside the nozzle) and complete (including reflections) radiation from the central ellipsoidal body are presented. The results of the comparison of these calculations are also presented.
Numerical research of the static stability of honeycomb composite materials
Authors: Pershin А. M.
Published: May 2017

The article presents a numerical research of static stability of honeycomb-filled sandwich panels used injet engine casing. The application of honeycomb-filled panels in aircraft manufacture has a number of advantagesover one-piece constructions. For the assessment of the stability of the whole structure the static-stateanalysis of a full-scale model was performed at the initial stage of the research and the radial and axial displacementsas well as tensile and compressive stresses were evaluated. A model of the periodic cell of a honeycombsandwich panel was developed at the next stage. The use of such a model in the stability analysis is justified bythe absence of boundary effects. To account for the initial shape deformation and the plastic material behavior anon-linear boundary-value problem was incorporated in the analysis. The influence of the honeycomb material(aluminum alloy and fiberglass), the time step, and the finite element size on the stability parameter was evaluated.The analysis of the results obtained was carried out, graphs were constructed. Further research of the honeycombsandwich panel behavior demands more in-depth analysis of structurally similar elements and full-scalestructures.
Research of the influence of design parameters of a 400 N-thrust low-thrust liquid rocket engine on its energy efficiency
Authors: Ageenko Y. I. , Ilyin R. V. , Pegin I. V.
Published: May 2017

Computational and experimental work to select optimal design parameters of a fuel injector in order toobtain high-energy characteristics of low-thrust liquid rocket engines (LTLRE) with a deflector-centrifugal mixingscheme with 400 N thrust was carried out. A centrifugal atomizer is installed coaxially with the combustionchamber in the deflector-centrifugal mixing scheme. The engine thrust increases with the diameter of the combustionchamber and, consequently, the length of the free span of the fuel film in the cone of the fuel spray of thecentrifugal injector also increases before hitting the inner wall of the combustion chamber. Thus, it is necessaryto determine the parameters of the injector which provide the stability of the fuel film (absence of the film decay)along the span before it gets to the wall of the combustion chamber. For efficient organization of liquid-phasemixing of fuel components on the inner wall of the combustion chamber the design parameters of the centrifugalnozzle (the diameter of tangential holes, the length and diameter of the vortex chamber, the length and diameterof the injector nozzle) that would ensure the stability of the fuel film all along the free span up to the inner wallof the combustion chamber, as well as the speed, the film thickness and the angle of the atomization cone werecalculated. In case of the optimal choice of parameters the films of oxidizer and fuel interpenetrate each otherthrough their thickness. Thus, complete conversion of the fuel components takes place, which ultimately provideshigher power characteristics of the engine.The article presents the results of firing tests of a 400 N LTLRE with different design parameters of an injectorwith the deflector-centrifugal mixing scheme. It follows from the test results that as the nominal pressuredrop across the centrifugal nozzle decreases to a certain limit the value of the specific impulse increases. If theinlet pressure is considerably reduced and, as a consequence, there is a significant reduction in the pressure dropacross the centrifugal nozzle, the amplitude of the pressure oscillations in the engines combustion chamber isincreased. The analysis of the test results made it possible to optimize the design parameters of the fuel swirlerfor a regular 400N LTLRE.
Design of the gas turbine engine rotor wheel with ceramic blades
Authors: Sapronov D. V. , Reznik S. V.
Published: May 2017

The use of ceramic parts in the hot section of a gas turbine engine will make it possible to increase theengine efficiency due to the increased operating gas temperature at the combustion chamber outlet and reducedair consumption for blade cooling, as well as significantly reduce the weight of the parts due to the low densityof ceramics. The main disadvantage of ceramic parts is the brittleness of the material. Mechanical properties ofadvanced ceramic materials are insufficient for making a whole wheel, however, they are sufficient for makingblades. The main problem in making a structure of this kind is ensuring the strength of the interlock between ametal disk and ceramic blades. Previous works of the authors presented analysis of various types of interlocksbetween ceramic blades and a metal disk. This paper is devoted to the design of an aero engine gas turbine rotorwheel using a high-strength silicon nitride ceramic material. A software code in the APDL Ansys environment iscreated that makes three-dimensional design definition possible. A rotor wheel with ceramic blades is designedon the basis of a typical aircraft high-pressure gas turbine engine. A commercial heat-resistant nickel alloy isconsidered as the disk material, while silicon nitride is used for the production of blades. Evaluation of thestress-strain state and strength analysis are conducted, the properties of the ceramic material are analyzed. Theresults of the research show that it is necessary to make a special cooling system for a metal disk and that theproperties of the ceramics presented are to be improved. It is reasonable to apply similar constructions on stationarygas turbine plants.
Non-destructive testing of aircraft engine parts made of composite materials. Identifying the limits of acceptable defects
Authors: Karimbayev T. D. , Palchikov D. S.
Published: May 2017

An important engineering challenge of providing the reliability of products made of composite materials(CM) is the identification of dangerous types of defects, their permissible values and developing techniques fortheir detection. A set of techniques of non-destructive testing (NDT) is presented as applied to the problem ofmonitoring and identification of the acceptable limits of technological defects of aircraft engine parts made ofcomposite materials. The paper also includes experimental tests aimed at determining the effect of a fiber defecton the mechanical characteristics of a polymer composite material. Joint use of different NDT techniques is necessaryfor the detection of multiple types of technological defects typical for CMs. Defect detection is an integralpart of the processing of composite materials into products. Test samples with artificially damaged fibers showtheir significant influence on tensile strength characteristics and shear modulus in the plane of the layer. Theeffect of possible defects on the mechanical characteristics of fiber should be considered when designing CMproducts.
Perfection of methods of conducting resonance tests of rotor blades being part of the engine
Authors: Khorikov A. A. , Danilkin S. Y. , Redkin D. A.
Published: May 2017

The new method of resonance test of rotor blades using blade oscillation non-contact diagnostics is presented.Diagnosticsis based on narrowband spectral analysis of signals with high static pressure pulsation sensorsmounted on the engine case. Experimental results of the turbomachinery rotor blades dynamic strength atbench tests using non-contact diagnostics resonance vibrations of blades are given. It is studied the resonant vibrationsof rotor blades of the compressor and turbine of experimental turboprop engine and high-pressure compressorof a gas turbine engine with a promising diagnostic method using resonant vibrations of rotor blades bythe signals from the sensors pulsation of static pressure, based on the measurement of pressure fluctuations in theflow of the blades repetition frequency, with using the Campbell diagram, identified by waveform blades, themain harmonic excitation of resonant oscillations of circumferential unevenness flow, as well as modes for theresonance testing of rotor blades. It is shown that the application of the new method can significantly improvethe efficiency and reliability of the rotor blades resonant vibrations diagnostics, and reduce material costs of resonancetesting compared with traditional technology determine the resonant modes on the basis of the calculationmethods.
Investigation of 11D428А-22 thruster operation dynamics with bellows flow stabilizer
Authors: Beshenev Yu. A. , Volkov A. V. , Kazankin F. A.
Published: May 2017

This paper presents the results of comparative fire test investigations of the bipropellant thruster 11Д428А-22 with both plate and bellows flow stabilizers. The direct-acting bellows flow stabilizer 11Д428А.410.00/-01 presented in this paper meets all current requirements and progress trends of such type of hardware. In the developed stabilizer the bellows is used as a sensitive element, which excludes any uncontrollable leakages of a working medium and improves the reliability by eliminating cramping and varying frictional forces typical for pistons and plungers. The use of bellows-expanding spring at an initial state of the stabilizer extends the regulation range of the latter and increases the maintenance accuracy of specified flow over the entire control range. The flow stabilizer provides the starting propellant flow at the expense of added mass; hence the negative regulator effect becomes the favorable one in respect of a feed pipeline of liquid propellant thruster to improve thruster operation dynamics. Novelty of the flow stabilizer configuration is combining functions of a regulator and a starting device and broadening a regulation range and accuracy due to the spring expands the bellows at the initial state. The development construction is easy to fabricate and it provides the agreement of calculated regulator parameters and those resulted at the tests.
Development techniques of casting complex parts of aerospace profiles using additive technologies
Authors: Agapovichev A. V. , Balaykin A. V. , Smelov V. G.
Published: May 2017

The use of rapid prototyping technologies to create new industrial products, with particular importance isthe cost and speed of production, is a unique opportunity to use cost-effective methods for the production ofparts by investment casting. At the stage of pilot production, which is characterized by frequent changes indesign, the problem of the rapid production of cast components becomes crucial. This is mainly due to thecomplexity and the complexity of manufacturing foundry equipment. In turn, the research and development ofrapid prototyping technologies have allowed a new level of optimization and the introduction of newtechnologies in the investment casting. The aim of this work is to identify opportunities and evaluate accuracy ofthe size of the casting during investment casting using rapid prototyping technology. The work was conductedwith the use of cross-cutting design in CAM / CAD / CAE systems. The study size and precision parameters ofthe casting was conducted in co-ordinate measuring machine. The work has been verified the adequacy of thevirtual simulation of the process of forming a casting in the casting simulation ProCAST, in comparison withthose obtained castings. The study showed that the use of rapid prototyping technologies with investment castingcan significantly reduce the time for making castings, reduce production costs and improve the accuracy of thesize of the casting.
Rotary isochoric combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine
Authors: Porshnev V. A.
Published: May 2017

In the article the combustion processes in isochoric rotating combustion chamber and the combustionproducts expansion in the turbine and the nozzle are considered, the main theoretical calculations are provided.The peculiarity of the combustion chamber design of the gas turbine engine is that it is formed by a rotary diskcomposed of a boss and blades, oriented along the axis of rotation, joined at the ends by the shell and the inputand output disks with slots. The slots on the input disk are designed to fill the combustion chamber with the fuelair charge. The slots on the output disk are designed for the output of combustion products and feeding them onthe turbine blades. The process of combustion of the fuel-air mixture occurs when the blade-to-blade space of thecombustion chamber is closed by the input and output disks. The combustion occurs in a confined space, i.e. thecondition of the isochoric process is fulfilled. It is shown that the gas emerging from the chamber after combustionat =соnst, is expanded in the turbine and doing work. The available turbine work in a gas turbine enginedepends on the nature of the combustion chamber filling and, consequently, on the cycle implemented in theplant. The actual work of the turbine is determined by the value of its efficiency, which, in turn, depends on thenature of the expansion process. The research carried out has allowed to conclude that the use of gas turbineplants with the cycle =соnst can increase the thermal efficiency by 20%. This concerns, first of all, gas turbineengines with a small degree of pressure rise and is expressed in increased power and efficiency without changingthe mass of the engine. In addition, the use of cycle =соnst in conventional gas turbine engines at maximumoperation does not require significant design changes.
Investigation of transformation of intermediate products of liquid-phase interaction propellant at the onset of combustion for rocket engine
Authors: Nigodjuk V. E. , Sulinov A. V.
Published: May 2017

The results of an experimental study of the conversion of intermediate (liquid-phase and gasified) productexothermic liquid-phase interaction of hypergolic propellant components in the initial stage of combustion arepresented. To investigate the present step conversion of intermediates experimental method for the flow reactoris used. In the process of the experiment the centrifugal and wedge mixing elements is used as propellants mixingsystems for flowing reactor. This mixing elements allowed interaction of components in the liquid phase andsubsequent flow of the liquid-phase intermediates on the wall of the reactor. Thereby dividing the flow of liquidand gasified intermediates in cross-section is achieved. During the experiment the effect of the following basicparameters of the processes of transformation of intermediates is revealed: the effectiveness of liquid-phase mixingof the fuel components, the residence time of intermediate products in the channel and the pressure of gasifiedproducts. Results of the study of converting liquid-phase intermediates in the combustion stage confirm theassumption about the prospects of using of liquid-phase products for internal cooling of rocket engine chamberwall provided efficient organization of the chamber working process, because of the temperature of liquid-phaseproducts, washing the inner surface of the channel changes slightly along the entire length of the channel. Exothermicprocesses of liquid-phase interaction between fuel components at this stage is substantially complete.Heat removal of energy from previously gasified intermediates is required for subsequent gasification of liquidphaseintermediates. Unlike the liquid-phase conversion of intermediates, converting process of the gasifiedintermediates occurs quite rapidly in the initial stage of combustion. The temperature of gasified intermediatesdepending on the boundary conditions in preflame zone was ~ 900 ... 1100 K, and in the output section of thechannel of the reactor reached ~ 1400 ... 2000 K.
Fashion and Business Cycles with Snobs and Bandwagoners in a Multi-Sector Growth Model
Authors: Zhang Wei-Bin
Published: May 2017

This paper generalizes the dynamic growth model with interactions between fashion, economic growth and income and wealth distribution recently built by Zhang (2016). The modelling of fashion and preference change is inspirited by the economic model of fashion recently published by Giovinazzo and Naimzada (2015). This study introduces fashion into neoclassical growth theory. The original model is based on some ideas in the literature of economics of fashion. This study generalizes Zhang’s model by making all the time-independent parameters as time-dependent parameters. We simulate the motion of the economic system. We carry out comparative dynamic analysis with regard to periodic perturbations in some parameters. We show how exogenous period changes in these parameters lead to business cycles. 
Stability studies in gum cluster bean genotypes
Authors: Wankhade R. S. , Kale V. S. , Nagre P. K. , Patil R. K.
Published: May 2017

Phenotypic stability was studied for seed yield and their component characters in fifty five genotypes of gum cluster bean under four environments during summer and Kharif 2014 at two locations. The environment + (genotypes x environment) was highly significant for all the characters indicating distinct nature of environments and the effects due to environments (linear) was highly significant for all the characters. The partitioning of G x E interaction indicated that the linear components of G x E interaction were significant against pooled deviation for all the traits except number of dry pods per plant and seed yield per hectare and the non linear component (pooled deviation) was also highly significant for all the traits except number of primary branches per plant, number of seeds per dry podand gum content in seed. Based on stability parameters and over all mean, five genotypes viz., IC-421834, IC-421839, IC-421815, IC-324032, and IC-421798 were stable in performance for seed yield per hectare. The genotypes IC-421830 and IC-421840 were most stable for the gum content in seed. Similarly, the genotypes IC-421830 was found to be stable with respect to protein percentage in seed. The genotypes IC-298638 was found to be stable across environments for higher gum yield per hectare.
Soybean cultivation by farmers of Maharashtra: Identification and analysis of the problems
Authors: Jaybhay S. A. , Taware S. P. , Varghese Philips , Nikam V. R.
Published: May 2017

In Maharashtra, soybean is cultivated on an area of 3.8 M ha with production of 3.07 m ton with second rank in India. However, low productivity of the crop remains a major problem of soybean cultivation, necessitating the need to ascertain the problems faced by soybean growers. Therefore, a study was conducted in the 20 villages of five districts of western Maharashtra. A survey method using personal interview of 100 farmers and focused group discussion with villagers, were used for data collection during the year 2013-14. Study found that labour problems, irrigation facilities, weed management, marketing of produce, pest and disease management were the top five constraints faced by the farmers in soybean cultivation. Shortage of labour and higher wages during peak period (95%) was major labour related constraints faced by farmers. In irrigation, farmers reported lack of irrigation facilities (81%) as major constraints in soybean cultivation. Proper farm mechanization, water conservation measures, short duration drought resistant varieties of soybean, timely supply of institutional credits and training to farmers on improved cultivation practices are important suggested measures to overcome the constraints faced by these farmers, for sustainable and profitable soybean production.
Genetic variation and correlation studies between micronutrient (Fe and Zn), protein content and yield attributing traits in mungbean (Vigna. radiata L.)
Authors: Singh Renu , Heusden Adriaan W. Van , Kumar Ram , Visser Richard G.F.
Published: May 2017

Mungbean can effectively contribute in alleviation of iron, zinc and protein malnutrition as it is a source of micronutrients and protein. To improve this cultivars have to be developed which are rich in micronutrients and protein. But in general more focus is given to quantitative traits such as yield. Breeding mungbean for enhanced grain nutrients is still in its start-up phase. The present study was carried out to access genetic variation for both quantitative as qualitative traits. The correlation between important traits such as yield and Fe, Zn, protein content was calculated. A positive correlation was found between iron and zinc content (r = 0.47) whereas no significant correlation with grain yield was observed indicating no compromise of yield for improving quality. Breeding a cultivar which is nutritionally improved along with high yield is therefore possible. A few promising cultivars with high micronutrients, protein and yield were identified. These cultivars can be used in specific breeding programs aiming at nutrient-rich high yielding cultivars.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity, nutrient acquisition and economics of blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.) in an inceptisol of eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Chaudhary Manoj , Singh Surendra , Babu Subhash , Prasad Mahendra
Published: May 2017

A field experiment was conducted during kharif seasons of 2010 and 2011 to find out the suitable integrated nutrient management (INM) package for successful blackgram production in eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. The results indicates that significantly higher grain (959 kg ha-1), stover (2479 kg ha-1) and biological (3438 kg ha-1) yields and harvest index (27.9%) of blackgram were recorded with the application of soil test based NPK+10 t FYM ha-1+ Rhizobium + 30kg S ha-1+ 1kg Mo ha-1 over rest of the treatments. With regards to economics, soil test based application of NPK + 10t FYM ha-1 + Rhizobium + 30kg S ha- 1+ 1kg Mo ha-1 resulted in highest gross returns (44,580 ha-1), net returns (26,519 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (2.27) over other nutritional treatments. Similarly, integration of FYM, NPKSMo with Rhizobium significantly enhances the nitrogen (3.98% and1.55%), phosphorus (0.53% and 0.27%), potassium (2.52% and 3.53% ), sulphur (0.39% and 0.31%), and molybdenum (4.25 mg kg-1 and 3.59 mg kg-1) contents in grain and stover of blackgram over control, respectively.
Effects of seed priming on biochemical parameters and seed germination in cowpea [vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]
Authors: Arun M. N. , Bhanuprakash K. , Hebbar S. Shankar , Senthivel T.
Published: May 2017

Cowpea seeds lose their vigour during storage at high temperature and high relative humidity. Present study was conducted to invigorate the performance of high and low vigour seeds (exposed to 45 ± 2o C and 100% RH) by seed priming with different chemicals and concentrations (GA3 (100ppm); CaCl2 (10-3M); Ammonium Molybdate (10-3M); KBr (10-3M); Mg (NO3)2 (10-3M); ZnSO4 (10-3M); hydro primed and dry seed (control) at 15o C for 24 hours. Priming was effective in reducing the time for 50 % germination and mean germination time and increased the germination percentage in low vigour seeds, while energy of germination and final germination percentage in normal seeds displayed a minor increase. Priming of normal / low – vigour seeds improved the vigour of seedling in terms of seedling length and their dry weight and seedling vigour index. Seed priming of fresh and accelerated cowpea seeds increased the electrical conductivity of seed leachate, cell membrane stability, total protein content, a – amylase activity, peroxidase activity and dehydrogenase activity over control dry seeds. Esterase and peroxidase enzymes were completely lost as a result of accelerated ageing, which showed reappearance after priming. Priming showed little improvement in the banding pattern and intensity of enzyme in normal seeds.
Simultaneous removal of arsenic, iron and manganese from groundwater by oxidation-coagulation-adsorption at optimized pH
Authors: Bora Anup J. , Mohan Rajkamal , Dutta Robin K.
Published: May 2017

The method based on oxidation-coagulation-adsorption at optimized pH (OCOP) using NaHCO3, KMnO4 and FeCl3 as pH conditioner, oxidant and coagulant, respectively, is an efficient and low-cost method for removal of arsenic from groundwater that has been gaining popularity in India. In a recent modification of OCOP, coexisting ferrous iron of water was utilized in order to lower the dose of FeCl3 and hence to lower the cost of the treatment of water containing both arsenic and iron. Here we present how the OCOP method can be effectively and economically used for simultaneous removal of arsenic, iron and manganese ions from water containing all three contaminants. For this we have optimized the required doses of NaHCO3, KMnO4 and FeCl3 by response surface methodology and used the optimized doses in a field trial with 11 domestic units of 20 L capacity in batch mode. Arsenic, iron and manganese were removed simultaneously by the present modification of the OCOP method to below 1 μg/L, 0.03 mg/L and 0.009 mg/L from initial concentrations of 100 μg/L, 1–8 mg/L and 0.5–5.0 mg/L, respectively, with a reduced cost.
Natural Product Gossypol and its Derivatives in Precision Cancer Medicine
Authors: Zeng Yun , Ma Jingwen , Xu Liang , Wu Daocheng
Published: May 2017

Gossypol, a natural product extracted from the seed, roots, and stem of cotton, was initially used as a male contraceptive but was subsequently investigated as a novel antitumor agent. This review depicts the current status of gossypol and its derivatives as novel antitumor agents as well as presents their preparation and characteristics, especially of some gossypol Schiff bases, through quantitative and structural analysis. The main attractive target sites of gossypol and its derivatives are Bcl-2 family proteins containing the anti-apoptosis proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. The molecular mechanism of gossypol analogs not only involves cell apoptosis but also autophagy, cell cycle arrest, and other abnormal cellular phenomena. Gossypol and its derivatives exert antitumor effects on different cancer types in vitro and in vivo, and demonstrate synergistic effects with other chemo- and radio- therapeutic treatments. In addition, several nanocarriers have been designed to load gossypol or its derivatives in order to expand the range of their applications and evaluate their combination effects with other anti-tumor agents. This review may serve as a reference for the rational application of gossypol analogs as anti-tumor agents.
Improving Metabolic Control Through Functional Foods
Authors: Silva João C.P. , Jones John G.
Published: May 2017

Background:

Functional foods are designed to have physiological benefits and reduce the
risk of chronic disease beyond basic nutritional functions. Conditions related to overnutrition such as
Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 diabetes are increasingly serious concerns in Western societies. Several
nutrient classes are considered to protect against these conditions and this review focuses on the latest
clinical and preclinical evidence supporting their efficacy and the molecular mechanisms by which they
act.

Methods:

The review searched the literature for information and data on the following functional food
components and their protective effects against Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: Dietary fiber;
Medium-chain triglycerides and Ketone esters; ω3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids and Antioxidants.

Results:

Data from a hundred and four studies were reviewed and summarized. They indicate that dietary
fiber results in the production of beneficial short chain fatty acids via intestinal microbiota, as well
as increasing intestinal secretion of incretins and satiety peptides. Medium chain triglycerides and ketone
esters promote thermogenesis, inhibit lipolysis and reduce inflammation. They also decrease endogenous
synthesis of triglycerides and fatty acids. ω3-PUFA’s act to soften inflammation through an
increase in adiponectin secretion. Antioxidants are involved in the protection of insulin sensitivity by
PTP1B suppression and SIRT1 activation.

Conclusion:

Functional foods have actions that complement and/or potentiate other lifestyle interventions
for reversing Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes. Functional foods contribute to reduced
food intake by promoting satiety, less weight gain via metabolic uncoupling and improved insulin sensitivity
via several distinct mechanisms.
Do Dental Students’ Personality Types and Group Dynamics Affect Their Performance in Problem‐Based Learning?
Authors: Ihm Jung-Joon , An So-Youn , Seo Deog-Gyu
Published: May 2017

The aim of this study was to determine whether the personality types of dental students and their group dynamics were linked to their problem‐based learning (PBL) performance. The Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) instrument was used with 263 dental students enrolled in Seoul National University School of Dentistry from 2011 to 2013; the students had participated in PBL in their first year. A four‐session PBL setting was designed to analyze how individual personality types and the diversity of their small groups were associated with PBL performance. Overall, the results showed that the personality type of PBL performance that was the most prominent was Judging. As a group became more diverse with its different constituent personality characteristics, there was a tendency for the group to be higher ranked in terms of PBL performance. In particular, the overperforming group was clustered around three major profiles: Extraverted Intuitive Thinking Judging (ENTJ), Introverted Sensing Thinking Judging (ISTJ), and Extraverted Sensing Thinking Judging (ESTJ). Personality analysis would be beneficial for dental faculty members in order for them to understand the extent to which cooperative learning would work smoothly, especially when considering group personalities.
Las bases psico-biológicas de la comunicación intersubjetiva en el arte
Authors: Mauléon Claudia
Published: May 2017

En estas páginas hacemos una breve revisión de las bases psico-biológicas sobre las que fundan las experiencias musicales, en particular las que posibilitan la comunicación entre el artista y el público. Nuestra mirada se centrará en las relaciones entre el sonido y el gesto como manifestaciones corporeizadas de las intención comunicativa del intérprete. Se revisan los conceptos de Formación Motívica Intrínseca y Pulso motor Intrínseco, y su relación con la idea de Cognición como sistema dinámico. Se tratan la teoría de los Osciladores Adaptativos Biológicos y la teoría Tau en tanto que con-tribuyen a entender el ensamble de coordinaciones sensorio-motrices en la ejecución. Posteriormente se desarrolla la incidencia de los mecanismos de simulación interna en la comunicación, para analizar finalmente el funcionamiento de estos procesos en la comunicación entre el intérprete cantante y el público.
El pensamiento musical en el cuerpo
Authors: Shifres Favio
Published: May 2017

La audición de música, en general, y la formación de oyentes competentes, en particular, es asumida por los paradigmas psicológicos y pedagógicos actuales como una actividad internalista. De este modo, el cuerpo no solamente no es tenido en cuenta, sino que a menudo es suprimido deliberadamente en los procesos implicados. Existen razones tanto psicológicas como pedagógicas y musicológicas para cuestionar esos abordajes. Sobre la base de la discusión de algunos marcos teóricos provistos por las ciencias cognitivas de segunda generación, se proponen algunos ejemplos concretos que claman por un giro corporal en el desarrollo de las habilidades de audición de los músicos. En este trabajo se presen entonces en primer lugar una mención breve a teorías sobre el involucramiento corporal fuerte y débil en los procesos psicológicos complejos. Luego se analizan dos conceptos musicales en cuyo tratamiento adquiere relevancia particular dicho giro corporal. Estos son, la estructura métrica y el intervalo melódico. Finalmente se plantea la discusión de este giro en términos de un enfoque del desarrollo musical que contemple las dimensiones sociales y corporales del fenómeno musical.
Religião e política no Brasil
Authors: Silva Luis Gustavo Teixeira Da
Published: May 2017

Este artículo tiene por objeto diagnosticar formas de construcción de la relación entre la religión y la política en Brasil. Por lo tanto, buscamos presentar las principales dinámicas de afrontamiento y el acercamiento entre estas esferas. A partir de esto, establecer reflexiones y comparaciones entre diferentes períodos históricos, a fin de permitir la realización de que la enorme intervención religiosa actual en el sistema político no es un fenómeno reciente en Brasil.
Feições geomorfológicas indicativas de variações eustáticas e de exposição subaérea da plataforma continental sul fluminense durante o pleistoceno superior-holoceno*
Authors: Reis Antonio Tadeu dos , Maia Renata Moreira da Costa , Silva Cleverson Guizan , Gorini Christian , Rabineau Marina , Alves Eliane Da Costa , Guerra Josefa Varela , Simões Isabel Cristina Vendrameto Peres , Arantes-Oliveira Rodrigo
Published: May 2017

A interpretação de perfis de sísmica de reflexão monocanal sparker, integrada ao arcabouço estratigráfico recentemente proposto para a plataforma continental fluminense, permitiu uma nova interpretação em outros contextos de oscilações glacioeustáticas para a formação das feições de fundo anteriormente reconhecidasao longo das isóbatas de 50 m, 100 m, 110 m, 130 m e 150 m. As feições ao longo das isóbatas de 50 m e 100 m, anteriormente interpretadas como paleolinhas de costa desenvolvidas em posições de nível de mar estacionário durante a Transgressão Holocênica, foram reinterpretadas como faces frontais inclinadas de prismas sedimentares progradantes de nível de mar alto, respectivamente do Holoceno e do Pleistoceno Superior (subestágios isotópicos marinhos 5e, 5c e 5a e o estágio isotópico marinho 3). As escarpas e os patamares erosivos ao longo das isóbatas de 110 m e 130 m foram antes interpretados como sistemas costeiros praiais esculpidos durante o máximo glacial (escarpa a –130 m, a 15 ka) e durante níveis de mar estacionários da última deglaciação (escarpa a –110 m, a 13 ka). Neste trabalho estas feições, juntamente com o escarpamento a –150 m, foram reinterpretados como remanescentes erosivos formados em condições de regressão forçada em períodos de aceleração de queda ou de estabilização de nível eustático durante a Regressão Wisconsiniana, hoje preservados como feições sucessivamente mais profundas e jovens em direção à borda de plataforma.
Filtragem por diferenças finitas parametrizadas aplicada ao cálculo dos gradientes e tensores de campos potenciais
Authors: Gonçalves Bruno Freitas , Sampaio Edson Emanoel Starteri
Published: May 2017

Filtros de diferenças finitas parametrizadas empregam diferentes ordens da série de Taylor para obter derivadas de alta precisão, que constituem umprocedimento comum no processamento de dados geofísicos potenciais. Um teste inicial em funções algébricas serviu para comparar o comportamento e a exatidãoentre distintos tipos de filtros de diferenças finitas parametrizadas e derivadas analíticas. A aplicação deles ao potencial gravitacional e às anomalias magnéticas decampo total causadas por modelos teóricos 2D e 3D permitiu comparar seus resultados no cálculo de gradientes e tensores obtidos tanto de forma analítica como por transformada rápida de Fourier. O uso de diferenc¸as finitas, com mais coeficientes da série de Taylor e em uma forma de filtro convolucional cobrindo todo o domínio dos dados, forneceu resultados satisfatórios. Além disso, alguns filtros de diferenças finitas parametrizadas apresentaram vantagens significativas sobre a transformada rápida de Fourier.
Experimental investigation and modeling of thermophysical and extraction properties of choline chloride + DL-malic acid based deep eutectic solvent
Authors: Vuksanovic Jelena , Todorovic Nina , Kijevcanin Mirjana , Serbanovic Slobodan , Radovic Ivona
Published: May 2017

The ability of non-toxic and biodegradable deep eutectic solvent (DES) choline chloride + DL-malic acid in mole ratio 1:1, for the breaking of the azeotropes heptane + methanol and toluene + methanol by means of liquid? ?liquid extraction was evaluated. Ternary liquid?liquid equilibrium experiments were performed at 298.15 K and at atmospheric pressure. Densities, viscosities and refractive indices of DES + methanol and water + DES systems were experimentally determined over a wide temperature range and at atmospheric pressure. Additionally, the viscosities of DES + glycerol mixture were - determined at temperatures up to 363.15 K to check how much the addition of glycerol decreases high viscosities of DES. The results indicate that the addition of small amounts of water or glycerol as a third component significantly decreases the viscosity of the investigated deep eutectic solvent. Based on the selectivity and distribution ratio values, the extraction ability of the investigated deep eutectic solvent, in comparison with the conventionally used solvents, yields promising results. Non-random two-liquid (NRTL) and universal quasichemical (UNIQUAC) models were satisfactorily applied for correlation of experimental phase equilibrium data for two ternary mixtures.