bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internalisasi Nilai-nilai Keagamaan dalam Pembentukan Karakter Bagi Remaja
Authors: Masduki Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Teens have different characters from children and adults and the problems they face. With this difference, it is necessary to take steps to remain a good teenager. In general, there are ten characters that exist in adolescents that parents and teachers must know about, namely physical changes, socialization, cognitive development, personal and emotional characteristics, independence, emotionality and rebellion, extreme moodiness, self-identity, peer relationships, independence and testing limits, selfish attitude. With characters who tend  much opposed  by  the  parents and teachers, it is necessary their internalization or inculcation of religious values in  adolescents. As for actions that do the elderly within the family and  teachers  in the school such as provide exemplary self, their sense of togetherness in the realization of the values of religious, harmonious relationship  the parents (father 's mother), the intimacy of the relationship people parents with children, train bear  responsibility, exercise and habitation of children since age early in the realization of the values of religious, consistency and unity of the behavior of  the parents, the creation of an atmosphere of openness, and communication dialogical, and  children are also able to choose companions who diligently carry out the command of religion.

 

Abstrak

Remaja memiliki karakter yang berbeda dengan anak-anak maupun orang dewasa  dan problematika yang dihadapinya. Dengan adanya perbedaan itulah perlu adanya langkah-langkah yang dilakukan agar tetap menjadi remaja yang baik. Secara umum ada sepuluk karakter yang ada pada remaja yang orang tua maupun guru harus mengetahuinya, yaitu perubahan fisik, sosialisasi, perkembangan kognitif, karakteristik pribadi dan emosional, independen, emosional dan pemberontak, moodiness ekstrim, identitas diri, hubungan sebaya, kemandirian dan batas pengujian, sikap egois. Dengan karakter yang cenderung banyak berlawanan dengan orang tua maupun guru, maka perlu adanya internalisasi atau penanaman nilai-nilai keagamaan pada remaja. Adapun tindakan yang dilakukan orang tua didalam keluarga maupun guru di sekolah diantaranya memberikan keteladanan diri, adanya rasa kebersamaan dalam merealisasikan nilai-nilai keagamaan, keharmonisan hubungan orang tua (ayah-ibu), kemesraan hubungan orang tua dengan anak, melatih tanggung jawab, latihan dan pembiasaan anak-anak sejak usia dini dalam merealisasikan nilai-nilai keagamaan, konsistensi dan kesatuan perilaku orang tua, penciptaan suasana keterbukaan, dan komunikasi dialogis, dan anak juga mampu memilih sahabat yang rajin menjalankan perintah agama.
No government mouthpieces: Changes in the framing of the “migration crisis” in German news and infotainment media
Authors: Lichtenstein Dennis
Published: August 2021

This study investigates the German media’s framing of the 2015–2016 “migration crisis” and their support and criticism of the initial open-door policy. A standardized content analysis examines changes in media frames following the key event of assaults on New Year’s Eve (NYE) 2015. It is analyzed how changes in coverage differed between public broadcasting news and infotainment formats (talk and satirical shows) and how they were related to governmental communication. The findings contradict ideas of a state-conforming and uniform coverage of the “migration crisis.” Media coverage did not parallel the governmental switch from support for the open-door policy to ambivalence after the NYE incidents but challenged governmental communication with critical counter frames. Regarding support for the open-door policy, the news media showed some parallels to the government’s frames; however, the infotainment media deviated in their frame agenda from the news media and thus contributed to diversity in media discourse.
REORGANIZACIJA PROCESA ODOBRAVANJA KREDITNIH PLASMANA
Authors: Dimitrić Ile
Published: August 2021

Rad se bavi problemom reorganizacje odobravanja kreditnih plasmana u bankarskom sektrou. U teorijskom dijelu rada razmatran je pojam bankarskog sistema sa osvrtom na kreditiranje. Prikazane su vrste i funkcije kredita. U praktičnom dijelu rada prikazan je primjer odobravanja kredita privrednom subjektu. U radu je prikazan način reorganizacije procesa odobravanja kredita privrednom subjektu. Data su zaključna razmatranja i prikazan način unapređenja odobravanja kreditnih plasmana.
STAMBENI KREDITI U SRBIJI I BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
Authors: Sladojević Željka
Published: August 2021

Stambeno pitanje predstavlja veliki problem današnjice, a pre svega mladih bračnih parova. Iz tog razloga skoro sve banke se trude da pronađu različita rešenja za ovakav problem, a istovremeno kako bi se zadovoljila čovekova potreba stanovanja.

Kada je reč o stambenim kreditima oni omogućavaju jednostavnije rešavanje stambenog pitanja u pogledu odobravaja dugoročnih kredita na period koji ne može biti duži od 30 godina. Stambeni krediti su namenski krediti i spadaju u posebnu kategoriju dugoročnih kredita. Oni se odobravaju za kupovinu stana ili kuće. Stambeni krediti su posebna vrsta kredita i zahtevaju posebnu pažnju. U samom radu je upravo stavljen akcenat na ovu vrstu kredita gde je analiziran način odobravanja kredita u Srbiji i Bosni i Hercegovini, u pogledu postupka odobravanja kredita.
MOTIVISANJE ZAPOSLENIH U OBRAZOVNOJ USTANOVI
Authors: Nosović Tamara
Published: August 2021

Zadatak rada je da prikaže faktore motivacije za rad u obrazovnoj ustanovi. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali veliku disperziju zadovoljstva i motivacije za rad u obrazovnoj ustanovi. Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja predložene su mere za povećanje zadovoljstva poslom zaposlenih u obrazovanju.
РАЗВОЈ ПЛМ ОКРУЖЕЊА НА ПРИМЕРУ КАЛУПА ЗА ИЊЕКЦИОНО ПРЕСОВАЊЕ ЗА ДЕЗОБАРИЈЕРУ ПРИМЕРНОМ АРАС ИНОВАТОР 12 СОФТВЕРА
Authors: Марић Симона
Published: August 2021

У раду је презентован развој ПЛМ окружења на примеру калупа за ињекционо пресовање за дезобаријеру коришћењем софтвера Арас Иноватор 12. Представљено је креирање делова и докумената, њихово повезивање, управљање саставницама, постављање циљева дизајна, приступ аутоматским извештајима, ручно објављивање и ревизија делова и докумената и процес управљања променама коришћењем брзог управљања променама у оквиру Арас ПЛМ софтверског решења.
ANALIZA PROGRAMA PODSTICAJA STRANIH DIREKTNIH INVESTICIJA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI SA OSVRTOM NA REGIONALNU PRAKSU
Authors: Prica Saša
Published: August 2021

Na polju ekonomskog razvoja država, sve popularnija tema današnjice postaju strane direktne investicije. Privlačenje stranog kapitala u državu, za mnoge ekonomije predstavlja strateško pitanje i cilj daljeg razvoja. Sa tog aspekta, značajno je ispitati mehanizme (podsticaje za strana direktna ulaganja) kojima različite ekonomije pokušavaju privući  investitore i na taj način napraviti pomake na polju nacionalne nezaposlenosti, priliva kapitala i uključivanja u svetske ekonomske tokove. Neki od glavnih vrsta podsticaja (državne pomoći) su: za otvaranje novih radnih mesta, za ulaganje u osnovna sredstva, poreske i carinske olakšice i dr. Regionalne ekonomije koje su sagledane u okviru rada podeljene su u dve grupe prema nivou razvijenosti u: [1] zemlje visokog dohotka i [2] zemlje višeg srednjeg dohodka. Cilj ovog rada jeste uporedno sagledavanje programa podsticaja za SDI u regionu i ocena usklađenosti programa Republike Srbije.
KONCEPTI RADA LINEARNOG SOLENOIDA I EKSPERIMENTALNO ODREĐIVANJE USLOVA NJEGOVOG UPRAVLJANJA
Authors: Drača Sebastian
Published: August 2021

Rad predstavlja opis algoritma za upravljanje linearnim solenoidom kao i eksperimentalnu prezentaciju naĉina njegovog rada. Opisuje osnovne stvari vezane za upravljanje solenoidom i objašnjava osnovne koncepte upravljanja solenoida kao aktuatora u zavisnosti od faktora koji utiču na njegovo upravljanje. Eksperi­mentalno opisuju brzinu promene temperature prilikom rada solenoida u standardnim uslovima.
Vegetable Cultivation with Hydroponic System Nutrient Film Technique In Karang Taruna Gendowang Village
Authors: Luthfianto Saufik , Haidar Aji Pratama M , Aimudin Afrizal
Published: August 2021

The result of initial survey in Gendowang Village, Moga District, Pemalang regency is an area with a large potential agricultural area with a total land of 82 ha more and the average population is farming, so it is very potential in developing agricultural systems with hydroponic systems. Enthusiastic citizens are seen at the time of socialization activities. The initial method of applying this technology is an approach to the community, then socialization and workshop. The method used in developing this agricultural system is the application of hydroponic methods with NFT systems. The result is by increasing knowledge and skills in the insertion of this method by 43.95%.
Quality Improvement of Batik Packaging in Kalinyamat Wetan Village, Tegal City
Authors: Sulistianingsih Endang , Prihadi Deddy , Mulyati Sri , Maulida Tika , Jamaludin Sanday
Published: August 2021

Kalinyamat Wetan is one of the villages located in Tegal City, Central Java, Indonesia. Based on observations made by the community partnership program of Pancasakti Tegal University there are problems faced by our partners, namely: 1) the uneven economy of the residents of Kalinyamat Wetan Village. In general, the economy of The People of Kalinyamat Wetan is good enough, but there are some poor people in Kalinyamat Wetan who need capital assistance and skills courses so that it can be used for entrepreneurship, 2) The problem of lack of knowledge about innovations in the field of Industry. The level of education is still relatively low in Kalimat Wetan which leads to a lack of information and knowledge about the latest innovations to developments in the field of Industry. To answer the problem, we provide solutions through providing training to batik craftsmen to improve the quality of their batik packaging. This is done so that there is an increase in the turnover of batik sales in order to increase their revenue. The implementation of community partnership program activities in the village of Kalinyamat Wetan Tegal city consisting of planning, action and evaluation in general went lancer and successful. Residents in the village of Kalinyamat Wetan, especially batik craftsmen have been able to make a variety of batik packaging designs and are able to provide product descriptions in attractive batik packaging. Residents responded to this PKM activity with great enthusiasm.
Simultaneous General Election: It Is Fair for Democracy in Indonesia
Authors: Rajagukguk Kadir Johnson , Aripin Sofjan , Wahyudi Heri
Published: August 2021

This study discusses the implementation of simultaneous elections in 2019 which is the decision of the Constitutional Court No. 14/PUU-11/2013 on simultaneous elections, and the purpose of this study is to examine and analyze whether the 2019 concurrent elections took place democratically and have a success rate to strengthen the consolidation of democracy and institutionalization of political parties in Indonesia. This research was conducted in North Sumatra, Banten, West Java and West Kalimantan. Furthermore, this study uses the theory of the pillars of the democratic system and the Theory of Success of Procedural and Substantive Quality Democracy. The method of research that is used is descriptive method with qualitative approach. With data analysis techniques. The findings show that the democratization of a concurrent election in 2019 is analyzed based on the pillars of a system that gives influence to the quality of the success rate of a democracy both procedural democracy and substantive democracy that measures the success rate of a democracy. Simultaneous elections in 2019 have increased public political participation and the Indonesian Democracy Index (IDI) but a new study is needed to measure the institutionalization of political parties so that comprehensively it can be known the level of democratization, consolidation of democracy and its relation to institutionalization or institutionalization of political parties.
Rastreamento de sintomas de depressão em policiais penais: estudo de validação do PHQ-9
Authors: Souza Rodrigo de , Feitosa Fabio Biasotto , Rodríguez Tomás Daniel Menéndez , Missiatto Leandro Aparecido Fonseca
Published: August 2021

A depressão é um grave transtorno psicológico que acomete cada vez mais pessoas, contudo, seu diagnóstico precoce necessita de instrumentos eficazes que possam rastrear suas sintomatologias em diversificadas bases populacionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de contribuir com o corrente processo de validação do questionário PHQ-9 para o uso na atenção primária em saúde pública no rastreio de sintomas depressivos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de levantamento realizada com uma amostra de 131 policiais penais lotados no Presídio Federal de Porto Velho/RO. Utilizou-se como instrumentos de pesquisa o Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), a Escala de Hamilton (HAM-D) que serviu como regra de ouro para a verificação da eficácia do PHQ-9 no rastreio de sintomas depressivos, além de um questionário sociodemográfico para identificação do perfil da amostra. Os resultados demonstraram forte e significativa correlação ente as escalas (rho = 0,667; p < 0,001) o que sugere a confiabilidade do PHQ-9 para rastreio de sintomas depressivos. Conclui-se que o PHQ-9 pode ser utilizado como instrumento confiável na rede de saúde pública por profissionais qualificados, principalmente os alocados na atenção primária, auxiliando-os no diagnóstico precoce da depressão.
Caracterization about morbidity, treatment and offer in oral health at city services of health in Cali, Colombia
Authors: Rengifo Herney
Published: August 2021

Summary: Objective: To characterize a service of oral health under the attended demand, thestate of bucal health, necessity of attention and the offer of Cali`s health services. Materials andMethods: An observational, descriptive study was performed to assessed an evaluation of quality ofdental services, the actions of a period of time (12 months) the services of Oral health in a net ofhealth. 669 patients were included. Additionally the offer of services of the institution wascharacterized. Results: The medium of age was of 22 years (± 14). 91.9% (336) of the populationpresented at least one diagnose of bucal illness, the average of tooth decay was of 5.7 (± 3.7),tooth lost was of 2.5 (± 5), tooth fixed of 2.1 teeth (± 3.4). The average in days to begintreatment was of 18 days (± 32). The average of days of total time of work was around 45.3 days, theaverage of the appointments was of 2.9 (±2.1). Conclusions: I found that 91.9% (336) of populationshowed injuries. When characterizing the population that doesn’t return to the service it was foundthat they were the sickest and those that more necessities in all the areas of attention presented.Key words: Necessities in oral health. It demands in health. Oral illnesses.
SUSTAINABLE URBAN PUBLIC PARK LANDSCAPE DESIGN CRITERIA BASED ON COMMUNITY PERCEPTION AND ASPIRATIONS
Authors: Rabindra Ida Bagus , Debora Titiek Poerwanti , Krisantia Ina
Published: August 2021

This article interprets the perception and aspirations of the city community, as a cornerstone of drafting the design criteria of a community-based city park landscape, which is effective and sustainable. Flooding and drought problems in Jakarta and surrounding areas should be resolved in a comprehensive, integrated and sustainable manner. Referring to the Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) which is an innovation in integrated water management, it is recommended to develop the function of detention and retention ponds as part of storm drainage system, replacing conventional system. Development of the city park landscape criteria as the synergies of the RTH function and the detention/retention ponds should be approached in a very careful, avoiding fatal malfunction and harsh rejection of the user community. The best approach should be done through tracing the needs, desires and expectations of the city community as the ‘end user' as well as 'super client' of the city park. Research on the perception and aspirations of the city community on the idea of the development of City Park with the role of retention/retention ponds has been conducted between February to May 2020 in Jabodetabek.
Lexical and Grammatical Environment and Its Influence on the Noun Case Form in Russian Language
Authors: Kim I. E.
Published: August 2021

This article is devoted to a new phenomenon in modern Russian language. Earlier, a native speaker of Russian chose a noun case form depending on the “requirements” of the grammatically dominant word. Nowadays, more and more often, a native speaker chooses a noun case taking into account the influence of several words included in its lexical and grammatical environment. The article discusses in detail all the potential elements of the lexical and grammatical environment of a noun that can influence on the choice of its case form, and provides facts of their consolidated or contradictory influence, which creates a choice problem. The lexical and grammatical environment of a noun potentially includes a controlling word, homogeneous terms of a sentence and generalizing word for them, a preposition that can be combined with several case forms, an adjective, participle or number dependent on the noun, as well as other nouns nearby. Each of the elements of the environment influences the choice of case in its own way, so the speaker often chooses a case form incorrectly. The phenomenon illustrates the antinomy of language: 1) being singled out as part of a syntagm, a linguistic expression seeks to expand its existence at the expense of other linguistic expressions; 2) being singled out as part of a syntagm, a linguistic expression is subjected to pressure from neighboring linguistic expressions.
Knut Hamsun in Siberia
Authors: Kapinos E. V. , Loshchilov I. E.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to various forms of Hamsun’s influence on Siberian writers of the 1910–1930s. On the pages of Siberian periodicals, the Norwegian writer was often mentioned in theatrical chronicle, in the lists of European book novelties, in poetic texts, but he influenced most clearly the general northern flavour of the Siberian prose. Fifteen stories and short novellas of famous Siberian writers (Georgy Grebenshchikov, Isaak Goldberg, Anton Sorokin, Georgy Vyatkin) and almost forgotten writers (Stepan Isakov, Arseny Zhilyakov, Maximilian Kravkov) form the “Siberian Hamsuniana”, the distinctive features of which are “anti-urbanism”, “ethnography”, folklorism, northern landscapes and scenes of folk life. When studying the texts that became the subject of description in this article, the materials from an archive of the Siberian literature historian and critic N. N. Yanovsky were used, who collected and printed a book of short stories by S. Isakov and A. Zhilyakov in the mid-1980s with an introductory article, which sets out biographies of forgotten writers. In the introductory article to this book, it is mentioned that literary comrades called Stepan Isakov half-jokingly to be the “Siberian Hamsun”.

When analyzing the Siberian prose on Hamsun themes, special attention was paid to the stylization elements of northern mythology, shamanistic predictions, various legends, which creates an image of Siberia similar to the image of northern Europe by Hamsun.
“To the Man and the Horse – Perdition”: The Semiotics of Corporeali- ty in Vasily Belov’s Short Story “For Carriage”
Authors: Kulyapin A. I.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the semiotics of bodily deformations of the heroes of the story by Vasily Belov “For Carriage”. All male characters of the story are endowed with physical inferiority. The main character of the story, Senka Gruzdev, lost his right hand fingers in the war, and once in his youth, he licked an ax brought from the cold and left a half-tongue on that ax. Senka’s irreconcilable enemy – the brigadier Ilyukha – is one-eyed. As a result, a triad conceptually significant for the author arises: armless – tongueless – eyeless. The defective corporeality of the heroes is correlated with their defective spirituality, semi-faith. Belov very persistently and consistently draws parallels between people and animals in the text. In the story there are two representatives of the animal world with an indefinite gender identity: a rooster that has lost its crest and a horse Sparrow – half stallion half gelding. The masculine dignity of the main character of the story Senka Gruzdev is also metaphorically halved. Senka Gruzdev fails when he tries to demonstrate one hundred percent manifestation of masculinity. Senka usually speaks about himself in the third person. Psychologists and linguists noted that self-name from a third person is peculiar primarily to the speech of young children, as well as to adults who enter into communication with them. Senka was clearly stuck at the infantile stage of development; he does not have a sense of self as a full-fledged personality. The figure of Senka Gruzdeva is typical of the artistic world of Vasily Belov. The most famous hero of the writer is Ivan Afrikanovich from the story “A Habitual Affair” “himself sometimes as a small child”.
Russian Judicial Discourse in the Light of the Modern Theory of Argumentation
Authors: Shatin Yu. V. , Silantev I. V.
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the main methods of argumentation in the judicial discourse of two large Russian lawyers of the second half of the 19 th century – A. F. Koni and F. N. Plevako for compliance with the argumentative scheme developed by the Cambridge School (D. Walton and others). The authors believe that, without any reliable theoretical support in connection with the decline of traditional rhetoric, the best jurists intuitively discovered the outlines that later laid the foundation for Ch. Perelman’s rhetoric. First of all, it was a question of quasi-logical arguments and arguments with which either reality is constructed or the subjective position of the person involved in the rhetorical process is affirmed.
A Gameplay: Translation, Definition and Analyses of Structure
Authors: Kudryashov I. S.
Published: August 2021

This article proposes the detailed research of difficulties with the term «gameplay» which plays an important role in game studies. This term is not easy to translate because of several reasons and it makes difficult to define it. Our research of this reasons allow us to criticize some of the previous translations and definitions. Translation of the gameplay as a gaming process or playability cannot used as valid approach, instead of them we claim interpretation of gameplay as an organization of game’s components. After this we suggest a new one, based on videogame`s main element (rules and confines). Consideration of the gameplay’s and game`s elements lead us to conclusion about two processes forming gameplay: one of them aimed on playability of this videogame, another – on the interesting of the fictional world of the game or its element. In conclusion we present several examples of usage of these concepts to understand some aspects of reception and design of videogames.
The Meaning of Pluperfect: Lexical and Grammatical Semantics
Authors: Yanko T. E.
Published: August 2021

The paper is aimed at the analysis of expressing the meaning ‘long ago’ or the meaning of pluperfect. In the meaning of ‘long ago’ the Russian word davno is the focus of a sentence. Meanwhile, if an event began long ago and is taking place at the time of reference (for instance, at the moment of speech), such context does not require davno to function as the focus. At present, the hypothesis was verified on the spoken corpora material. The key to the analysis is the prosody of the focus. On the whole, the hypothesis appeared to be true. At the same time, it acquired some substantial corrections. If earlier it was presumed that the context of pluperfect arises from the combination of davno and the aspectual forms of a verb, at present, the corpus analysis has revealed the third factor: it is the lexical semantics of the verb. The corpus analysis shows that the verbs of information transfer and the verbs in the negative can recover the connection of the past events with the point of reference. This meaning, in its turn, can cause the loss of the invariable focal function of davno in the context of the general factual in the past.
Semantics of Adjective 'radostny' and Conceptualization of the Emotional Evaluation
Authors: Kovshova M. L.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the development and modification of the emotional evaluation of the adjective radostny (English – joyful) in terms of conceptualisation of emotions. The paper includes the comparison of its dictionary definitions, etymological data and interpretation in terms of emotional evaluation. Special attention is paid to the processes of conceptualisation of emotional evaluation by means of the extension of the adjective denotation sphere, denotative shift from perceptible objects to invisible objects, from form to content. As a result, the adjective radostny receives intellectual and aesthetic shades of meaning. The denotative shift referring to negative denotation modifies the dominant category feature – a positive evaluation component. It leads to the weakening and neutralization of the positive evaluation. The analysis of use, as applied to the examples in the Russian National Corpus, verifies the basic characteristics of emotional evaluation (subjectivity and uncertainty) and helps to identify its important characteristics (communicativeness, efficiency, attractiveness). The study takes into account the forms of objectification of radostny evaluation, time factor and typical genres.
Between “Scyllae” and “Charybdae”, or Theory’s Attempt in the Era of Research Practices
Authors: Ivanov D. I. , Lakerbai D. L.
Published: August 2021

The article studies modern strategies of scientific liberal arts modeling using the ex-ample of the author’s theoretical complex. Special attention is paid to the problems of methodological reflection and metadisciplinary modeling. The metadisciplinarity of the theory is its ability to meet the criteria of a metalanguage for individual disciplines.

The article discusses the author’s interrelated terms “synthetic text” (ST), “synthetic lingual personality” (SLP), “cognitive-pragmatic program” (CPP), applicable to the study of various areas of humanitarian knowledge. Modern cognitive science makes it possible to substantiate the possibility of incarnating a newly understood lingual personality in non-linguistic discursive zones. SLP appears as a semiotically under-stood “text of a subject in culture”. The structure of the artist’s lingual personality is determined by his basic cognitive-pragmatic program, conceptually indexing the en-tire space of ST. For example, exploring rock culture in this way, we get not a mechanical set of subtexts, but the possibility of a programmatic semiotic interpretation of the place and function of any significant ST element. And the notion of a CPP makes it possible to shift the emphasis from the discrepancy between the artist's personality and any “legend” about her to those mechanisms of self-understanding that are responsible for the production of texts and the artist’s very personality. The theo-retical complex ST / SLP / CPP also makes it possible to give a metadisciplinary de-scription of the socio-cognitive and communicative foundations of interpretation, while the entire system “interpreter – text” becomes the object of discursive modeling.
On Eternal Value of Ideas in Their Momentary Actuality
Authors: Demyankov V. Z.
Published: August 2021

Opinions have degrees of epistemic “value”, measured in the framework of a given culture. These degrees do not necessarily coincide with degrees of momentary actuality in the society and in the cultural environment. Parameters of social-cultural evaluation vary with time gaining and/or losing actuality. They even depend on whether those who pronounce these opinions are acquainted with those whom these opinions are ascribed to or with “certified” authors of the ideas. This social dimension of opin-ion evaluation may be manipulatively used in mass media so that even openly fake news and fake ‘truths’ are taken for granted by addressees.

Two approaches are extensively discussed in the literature on such “quotational” view of language use: the “semantic” approach and the “formal” approach. The for-mer takes the content of propositions not to depend on the sentence forms presented to the audience. For the second approach, the propositions taken as ideas wholly de-pend on the form of presentation, even on syntactical details of formal realizations of ideas in discourse, being socially adapted to the cultural environment. This view im-plies that evaluation of ideas depends even on “syntactic vagaries” of a given lan-guage, such as Russian or English additionally to the ways they present propositions and propositional attitudes in formal logical systems.
Affective Narratology: The Representation of Anxiety in Fictional Narrative
Authors: Muravieva L. E.
Published: August 2021

The present article attempts to reveal forms of representation of anxiety in fictional narrative. We propose to consider two main ways of representation of the narrative anxiety: Mimetic and Diegetic, which are constructed based on three parameters: (1) orientation towards the subject vs. the event; (2) participation in construction of the narrative intrigue, and (3) explicit (“semiotic”) vs implicit (“cognitive”) form of representation of the narrative. Analysis of the narrative anxiety representation is based on recent research in the field of cognitive narratology and affective narratology, as well as on a semiotic approach to text analysis.
The Literary Madness: Language as an Indicator of Insanity in the Fiction of the 20th Century (1920s)
Authors: Kryukova E. B. , Koval O. A.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of insanity in the artistic discourse of the 1920s. Such a literary reception is interesting because, on the one hand, it goes against the dominant clinical approaches at that time, which emphasized the medical aspect of the problem, and on the other hand, it anticipates the antipsychiatric philoophical theories, whereby the marginal figure of the madman was gradually included in the social space. Using the example of three iconic works of modernist literature, the article demonstrates how innovative techniques of working with language make the speech of a mentally ill person distinctly audible. Virginia Woolf in “Mrs Dalloway” conveys the disastrous experience of the First World War through the stream of consciousness of the mentally traumatized character Septimus Smith. Woolf puts an anti-militaristic appeal into the mouth of a madman and thus makes him the herald of a simple truth that reasonable people, however, prefer not to notice. Ryūnosuke Akutagawa’s short story “Cogwheels” reproduces the experiences of the author, who feels the approach of insanity. Madness opens up as a borderline case that reveals its deep kinship with the source of writing, understood as a lack of form, lack of meaning, lack of creation. William Faulkner in the novel “The Sound and the Fury” gives the gift of speech to the weak-minded Benji, who doesn’t talk. His im-possible narrative offers an alternative to the linear logic, which clarify Benji’s confusing narration but fail to rival it in conveying the directness of human suffering or happiness.
Day Stars and Pervorossiisk by Olga Berggolts in the Light of Poetic Cinematograph
Authors: Zvereva T. V.
Published: August 2021

The paper considers the book Day Stars and the narrative poem Pervorossiisk by Olga Berggolts from an interdisciplinary perspective. The works were screened by Igor Talankin and Evgenii Shiffers. According to the author of the research, it is these films that define meaning-making mechanisms of Berggolts’s creative activity. A night dream mode of film narration is determinant for I. Talankin’s Day Stars; the search for the form, which is able to communicate the book structure as well as a whimsical game of human memory, comes to the fore. The film making became a testing site for Evgenii Shiffers where his religious and philosophical ideas were performed. The film Pervorossiyane is not just setting an event line in terms of visual patterns but the narrative poem reproduced via a film and thought solely in a religious and drama mystery light.
Eagle Image in the Contemporary Movie Text (“Toyon Kyyl” by E. Novikov as a Case Study)
Authors: Androsova F. S.
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the semantics of the image of an eagle in the drama “Toyon Kyyl” (The Lord Eagle) by a Sakha director Eduard Novikov. The research is based on various methods, including linguo-cultural analysis, structural semiotic analysis, and interpretative methods of analysis. Eagle is one of the oldest symbols used by various peoples of the world. The Sakha called eagle toyon kyyl (lord of birds) or toyon bulur (lord who brings misfortune).

In modern context the image of the eagle represents nature, while the relationship between the eagle and the characters represent the relationship between people and nature. Humanity, just like that young boy Mikiper who scared away the eagle in his childhood, is destroying the natural world. However, the punishment for this act is waiting in the future.

The article discusses the main symbols of the film, connected with the image of an eagle: the Sun, a tree, an egg. The Sun (mark of the Upper World) is connected with divine punishment and divine eye. An egg, floating in the world ocean, contained the Universe inside of it, according to myths of the peoples of the world. In the analysed film the eggs symbolise children, offspring, and thus the future. A special role in the film is given to an old tengke tit larch tree, which symbolises the world tree, while the eagle on its top is the mark of the Upper World.
Language and Culture: Within the Four Dimensions
Authors: Zabotkina V. I.
Published: August 2021

The article concentrates on the interaction between the four dimensions of language space (Yu. S. Stepanov) and four mental spaces involved in the contact of two cultures. We argue that all four dimensions of language (semantic, pragmatic, syntactic and cognitive) are activated in the interaction between cultures. The main emphasis is on the cognitive/conceptual line studied through the lens of conceptual blending. We distinguish three levels of conceptual integration. We hold that at every level the mechanism of interactive alignment is at work. It ensures that interlocutors operate on common representations underlying semantic, syntactic and pragmatic linguistic structures of the two cultures in contact.
Mongolian anthroponyms in the Tuvan version of the Buddhist work “Üleger-Dalay”
Authors: Saaya O. M. , Badarch Bayarsaikhan
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, no works in Tuvinian linguistics consider the specificity of anthroponyms borrowed from the Mongolian language, peculiarities of their adaptation and functioning in Tuvan Buddhist texts. Meanwhile, studying this word group can shed light on the formation and functioning of the Tuvan Buddhist vocabulary and reveal additional data on the history of the formation of lexical and phonetic features of the Tuvinian language associated with the Tuvan- Mongolian language and cultural contacts. It is worth studying Mongolian borrowed anthroponyms in the Tuvan translation of the Buddhist work “Üleger-Dalay” – the sutra “Sea of Proverbs,” the only Tuvan Buddhist source not influenced by the Russian-speaking Buddhist literature actively published and translated into Tuvan since the 1990s. The specificity of the Mongolian anthroponyms analyzed is that their nominative function simultaneously characterizes the referent and reflects its essence. They are divided into six thematic groups: names-epithets of Buddha, names associated with Buddhist practices, names indicating the inner qualities of a person, names of celestials, names associated with natural objects, names with somatismatic components indicating the appearance or associated with the circumstances of the referent’s birth. They are divided into three structural types: 1-component, 2-component (most of them), and 3-component. All borrowed Mongolian names have mostly been adapted to the phonetic norms of the Tuvinian language. The main ways of phonetic transformation are assimilation, formation of long vowels, replacement of some sounds and sound combinations with other sounds, simplification of vowels.
Circumstantial modifier in Munchu-Tungu languages: structural and semantic aspect. I. Circumstantial modifier of place
Authors: Ozolinya L. V.
Published: August 2021

The traditional semantic classification in the Manchu-Tungus languages involves the following circumstantial modifiers: with a temporal meaning (the circumstantial modifiers of time), with a locative meaning (the circumstantial modifiers of a place), of manner, of comparison, with the semantics of conditioning (conditions, reasons or goals), and of negative performance (concession and unfulfilled intentions). The circumstantial modifiers of locative and temporal semantics expressed by the noun case forms demonstrate certain “convergences-divergences” and “overlapping” with indirect objects concerning their formal characteristics. However, the semantic features and some positional restrictions in the sentence structure still allow these to be differentiated. The object most often demonstrates a locally restricted action, with the circumstantial modifiers mainly indicating a location or movement in space, the boundaries of which are very conditional and cannot be clearly marked at all.
Khorekteer as a melodic and lyric introduction of Tuvan khoomei
Authors: Badyrgy M. M.
Published: August 2021

This article discusses the notion of khorekteer in Tuvan throat-singing, khoomei, as a vocal method of performance in khoomei, executed with a constricted diaphragm or chest. The author regards khorekteer as an integral element of khoomei with semantic content. Khorekteer can precede musical composition in the form of melodic, introductory poetic strophes and be interlaced with “double-voiced episode”, or, conversely, can follow the double-voiced episode. Khorekteer as a performance method in khoomei was supposedly introduced by the outstanding Tuvan throat- singer Khunashtaar-ool Oorzhak, later described by Russian musicologist I. A. Bogdanov at the turn of the 1980s. Earlier, this method could have been called khoomei. The importance of khorekteer is evidenced by the examples of one’s chest (khorek in Tuvan) praising in khoomei texts provided in this article. The author also stresses that khorekteer is a key element distinguishing Tuvan throat-singing from solo double-voiced singing of other peoples. Researchers have described khorekteer as a musical piece, introduction with a psalmodic recitation of song words, melodic introductory recitative, one-voiced type of throat-singing in the low register with recitative melody, ditty with text, or just the initial part of musical composition. The article provides introductory poetic texts of Tuvan virtuosos of khoomei, differing by genre and melody diversity. The author agrees with Zoya Kyrgys, who was the one to put forward the theory of an exclusive role of khorekteer in Tuvan khoomei and suggested the term khorekteer instead of khoomei for the whole phenomenon of Tuvan throat-singing.
Consonantism of Plautdietsch, the language of the German Mennonites of Siberia: the problem of identifying labial phonemes
Authors: Libert Ye. A. , Shindrova K. V.
Published: August 2021

This work aims at identifying and describing the articulatory characteristics of the labial-labial and labial-dental consonant phonemes of the language of the Mennonite Germans of Siberia by distributive analysis and magnetic resonance imaging. The language of German Mennonites, referred to as Plautdietsch (self-designation Plotdich), or Mennonitenplatt, has a complex mixed character due to the history of its speakers. Through the centuries changing their place of residence, Mennonites, representatives of a special ethno-confessional community, now live in various countries of North and South America, European countries, and Russia. Of particular interest is the phonetic appearance of this language. For the first time, the description of its phonemic composition is carried out using the methods of experimental phonetics. The research material was collected from two native speakers (Neudachino, Novosibirsk region). Twenty tomograms were described and analyzed using the methodology of the Laboratory of Experimental Phonetic Research named after V. M. Nadelyaev, Institute of Philology, SB RAS. The tomography program comprised eleven word forms, with the target sound in the initial and final positions. The paper provides language material, with series of words in different phonetic contexts, a summary distribution table, and three tables describing the tomograms. Following N. S. Trubetskoy’s rules of phoneme selection, sound analysis identified five labial phonemes: noisy labial-labial mouth-bowed / p/ and / b/, noisy labial-dental mouth-slotted /v/ and /f/ and sonorous nasal-bowed /m/. Also, the analysis of MRI images determined the constitutive-differential features characteristic of the phonetic subsystem of labial consonantism of Plautdietsch.
Imaging in calcific tendinitis of linea aspera: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Patil Aruna R. , Samson Manish
Published: August 2021

Linea aspera, the osseous ridge in the upper posterior femur, offers attachment to multiple muscles and tendons forming a fibroentheses. Deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystal and subsequent inflammation leads to tendinitis and calcification. This process is relatively rare at linea aspera but is a cause of pain and movement restriction. Radiographs are many times misleading as the linea aspera irregularity and calcific proliferation mimic irregular periosteal reaction associated with surface bone malignancies. MRI and CT are complementary and problem-solving. Awareness of the specific location and imaging features aids in the diagnosis of this condition which is frequently managed by a conservative approach avoiding the need for invasive procedures like biopsy for diagnosis. This case report depicts classical imaging features of this entity on multiple modalities.
Role of insulin in oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in rat model
Authors: Kumar Sudhashekhar , Bhagat Priyanka , Patne Shashikant C. U. , Pandey Ratna
Published: August 2021

Objectives:

Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory condition, therefore, this study was undertaken to determine the effect of insulin (an immunomodulatory agent) in oleic acid (OA)-induced ALI in rat model.

Materials and Methods:

The experiments were performed on adult male albino rats (total n = 18). The trachea, jugular vein and carotid artery of anaesthetised adult rats were cannulated to keep the respiratory tract patent, deliver saline/drugs and recording of blood pressure, respectively. Animals were divided into three groups. In Group I (control group), normal saline (75 μL) was injected and this group served as control group. In Group II (OA group), OA (75 μL) was administered to induce ALI in rats. In Group III (insulin + OA), OA (75 μL) was injected in insulin pre-treated rats. Respiratory frequency (RF), heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded on computerised chart recorder; arterial blood sample was collected to determine PaO2/FiO2. Further, pulmonary water content was determined, and histological examination of the lung was done in all animals.

Results:

Injection of OA produced ALI indicated by significant increase in RF by 30 min followed by progressive decrease and ultimately death of animal. Significant increase in the pulmonary water content and decrease in PaO2/FiO2 were observed in these animals. Histological examination of lungs showed damage to the lung parenchyma. An immediate decrease in HR and MAP followed by some improvement and then progressive decrease was also observed.

Conclusions:

Insulin (an immunomodulatory agent) pre-treatment delayed initiation of OA-induced ALI as indicated by protection against OA-induced severe alteration in the RF in the initial stage and less lung injury in histological examination, although; it could not alter the overall course of the disease.
Efficacy and Safety of a Hyaluronic Acid-Containing Gauze Pad in the Treatment of Chronic Venous or Mixed-Origin Leg Ulcers: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mikosinski Jacek , Di Landro Anna , Łuczak-Szymerska Krzysztofa , Soriano Emilie , Caverzasio Carol , Binelli Daniela , Falissard Bruno , Dereure Olivier
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Hyaluronic acid (HA)-containing formulations routinely are utilized along with standard therapy to promote faster healing of chronic wounds; evidence to guide clinical decisions on the use of topical HA in the healing of vascular leg ulcers is limited. Objective. This study compared the efficacy and safety of an HA-impregnated gauze pad with an identical gauze pad without HA in the treatment of chronic leg ulcers of vascular origin. Materials and Methods. A prospective, multicenter, multinational, parallel-group, randomized, double-blind, clinical study was conducted between June 13, 2017, and December 31, 2018. Adults with 1 or more chronic leg ulcers of venous or mixed origin between 2 months and 4 years’ duration were eligible to participate. Participants were randomized to treatment consisting of standard care (ie, ulcer cleansing, debridement/anesthesia as necessary, and optimized compression) and either application of a gauze pad containing 0.05% HA or a neutral comparator once daily for a maximum of 20 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was complete ulcer healing (100% reepithelialization of the wound area centrally assessed by 1 independent and experienced assessor blinded with respect to the treatment applied, as shown on digital photographs taken under standardized conditions at or before 20 weeks and confirmed 3 weeks later). Secondary efficacy endpoints included the percentage of completely healed target ulcers, residual area of target ulcer relative to baseline, the condition of the periulcerous skin, the total amount of analgesics used, the incidence of infection at the ulcer site of the target ulcer, patient adherence to treatment, time to achieve complete healing as centrally assessed, and pain intensity as measured by a visual analog scale. Results. Among the 168 participants (82 in the HA gauze pad group and 86 in the neutral gauze pad group), 33 (39.8%) in the HA group experienced complete healing of the target ulcer, which was significantly higher than the neutral comparator group (15, 18.5%; P = .002). Results in the full analysis and per-protocol sets were consistent with the primary results; no significant difference was noted in outcomes when participants’ wounds were stratified according to baseline ulcer size. Conclusions. HA delivered in a gauze pad formulation could be a beneficial treatment for chronic leg ulcers of venous or mixed origin.