bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Hemorrhage with Edema in A Five-Week-Old: A Case of Late-Onset Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding, Rare Diagnosis in Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Anas Muhammad Al , Ritonga Dwi Herawati
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) is a term that describes the condition of hemorrhagic disorders in newborns. Late-onset VKDB occurs between the second week and sixth month of life. Intracranial hemorrhage often occurs in cases of late-onset VKDB and can cause 14-20% mortality and 40% long-term neurological morbidity, so it is important to treat patients until they are stable, especially with limited health facilities.
Case Report: A baby boy aged 1 month 8 days was brought by his parents to RSUD Deli Serdang Lubuk Pakam with the chief complaint of an enlarged stomach, accompanied by paleness, weakness, convulsions, and altered consciousness. A midwife assisted the delivery with unknown history of immediate vitamin K injection after birth. We diagnosed the patient with VKDB according to the clinical symptoms. The head CT scan showed subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage with cerebral edema. We transfused the patient with Packed Red Cells and Fresh Frozen Plasma 20 cc/12 hours 5 times, administered Vitamin K injection 3 mg/IM for 3 days, and other supportive therapy. The patient's condition improved within the third day of hospitalization with recovered consciousness and was transferred to the referral hospital.
Discussion: The key feature of late-onset VKDB is the incidence of ICH in 30-88% of patients, leading to a high incidence of mortality. This study highlights the importance of prompt, and early treatment of VKDB with proper history taking, clinical examination, and relevant investigations to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Conclusion: In conclusion, secondary late-onset PDVC is more common than the primary subtype, and late-onset PDVC is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries including Indonesia, where vitamin K prophylaxis is not routinely performed
Synthesis, Characterization, antimicrobial activity and Computational Study of New 3-(1-methyl-2-((1E,2E)-3-phenylallylidene)hydrazinyl)-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole with some transition metal ions
Authors: Lina Abdullha Naser  , Ali  F. Nasir  , Zahraa M. Mahdi
Published: April 2023

Current study generated complexes of the novel heterocyclic ligand 3-(1-methyl-2-((1E,2E)-3-phenylallylidene) hydrazinyl)-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole with Cr(lll), Co(ll), and Cu(II). Using techniques including 1H-NMR, mass spectrometry, FT-IR, and elemental analysis, scientists could determine key characteristics of the novel ligand. As spectra, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), magnetic susceptibility, atomic absorption, and conductance measurements were used to describe ligand complexes in contrast. Bacteria were used in an assay to test the antibacterial activity of each novel compound (Staphylococcus and Escherichia coli). Quantum chemical simulations performed using the DFT approach at the B3LYP/6-311++G level complemented the experimental data. Using Hyperchem 8.02 and the PM3 approach, this study hasdetermined the ligand's electrostatic potential and its complexes' geometries. The electrostatic potential that reveals useful data about the location's complexity.
Evaluation of the relationship of obesity with some vital factors as a predictive indicator of cholecystitis in Thi-Qar Governorate
Authors: WisamRaisanNayyef  , ALI A.H. ALBAKAA  , Anwar Shaqi Ajil
Published: April 2023

Cholecystitis represents inflammation of the gallbladder. It can lead to many complications,cholecystitis can be either acute or chronic. The inflammation is caused by a blockage in the gallbladder, which stops the flow of bile that flows directly into the small intestine to digest fats.  Often this blockage is caused by gallstones, which leads to condensation and stagnation of bile.
Adults who haveobese, are at increased risk of many chronic diseases such as diabetes, gallstones, high blood pressure and heart disease. Obesity is associated with increased bile cholesterol excretion.
 The study has included (175) samples of cholecystitis patients who attended the hospital for the period from January to September 2022, the samples were divided according to gender and obesity status. It was found that the highest incidence of cholecystitis in males was in the age group (55-64) and it was (14%), then the age groups (35-44) and (>65) was (12%).The highest incidence of cholecystitis among women in the age group (35-44) was (27%), then the age group (45-54) was (23%) and then the age group (55-64) was (15%).
This study has found that, both obesity status and (BMI >25) were higher in women (79%) while it was in males (52%), and it hasfound that, blood pressure, diabetes and metabolic syndrome arethe most common comorbid conditions associated with cholecystitis.
Evaluation of thyroid function in people vaccinated against COVID-19 via Sinofarm type
Authors: Ola Abdul Shaheed Naser
Published: April 2023

Background; Since the emergence of the coronavirus disease pandemic, several effective vaccines have been introduced. These vaccines work through several different immunogenic pathways to produce effective immunity. There have been a number of reports of patients developing sub-acute thyroiditis and thyroid dysfunction after receiving the coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine. This study aims to demonstrate the physiological effect of the covid -19 vaccine on human thyroid hormone. Methodology; For this purpose, 25 samples of male and female blood from people vaccinated with the corona virus used, 25 samples of blood from unvaccinated people were considered as a control group. The effect of this vaccine on the functions of the thyroid gland and on the concentrations of hormones was shown. A significant increase in the concentration of hormone T4 was observed in the group of vaccinated people compared to the control group. Conclusion, the current study Showed that the level of hormones increased significantly in the vaccinated compared to the control group, as  well as concluded these results was indicate that thyroid function is negatively affected by the vaccine.
The Polymorphism Function of Protamine 1 Gene and Some Immunological Factors in Sterile Couples
Authors: Thaer Ali Hussein
Published: April 2023

Background:Infertility is a global problematic that impacts nearly 15% of all couples, and is definite as, incapability to conceive following 12 months of freecontraceptive un-protected interaction. Material and methodology:serum OD of anti-follicle hormone as stimulation antibody and anti-sperm antibody was identifiedthrough assay method of enzyme–linked immune-sorbent. One Protamine 1gene polymorphic sites was genotyped on 72couple’s Sterility. Other 20 couples group was obviously healthy ones. Genotypes were assessed through (PCR-RFLP) method.Results: Regarding the Serum positivity of anti-sperm antibody and anti-follicle stimulation hormone antibody inperipheral blood of sterile couples.The results observed significant association between anti-sperm antibody, anti-folliclestimulation hormone antibody and sterile women (P value 0.18, 0.32 respectively), while non-significant for anti-spermantibody in sterile males P value (0.129), the reported SNP frequency was of no significance difference in comparison tomales of normal fertility, that propose that the SNP might not aid as a good molecular genetic diagnosis indicator for malessterility (MI). 
Conclusions: The SNP G197T are absent totally and are not related to MI with above-mentioned, thus such SNPs might notsignify as a molecular indicator for the MI genetic cause diagnosis in the current population of the study.
Distribution of CNF1among Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infection and bladder cancer in southern of Iraq
Authors: Sarah Ali Nehmaa
Published: April 2023

One of the most important virulence factors produced by uropathogenicEscherichia coli (UPEC) is cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1). It plays a vital role in regulation of Ras homolog family member A (Rho), Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate (Rac), and Cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42)guanosine triphosphatase (GTPases) proteins, which involved in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. Also, CNF1may play a role in cell proliferation, surviving and gene transcription. Therefore, detection of the gene encoding CNF1 in UPEC would be imperative in characterization of these organisms and establishing a proper management regime to prevent the poor prognosis of the associated diseases.  The aim of the present study was to investigatethe prevalence of the gene encoding cnf1 in UPEC strainsthat have been isolated from urinary tract infection and bladder cancer patients.Out of three hundred and fifty midstream urine samples, 136E. colistrains were isolated (98 urinary tract infection, 18 bladder cancer, and 20 healthy people). Detection and determination of the gene encoding CNF1 based on PCR technique and sequencing of PCR amplified target DNA. The present results showed that thirty five percent (35.34%) of the tested isolates have cnf1gene. All cnf1+strains were isolated from urinary tract infection patients. This finding should bring attention to predict the prognosis of the infections caused by these organisms and follow up patients to prevent any further complications.
Association of genetic variation in tumor necrosis factor-α gene with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in southern Iraq
Authors: Sara H. Jabbar
Published: April 2023

: Rheumatoid arthritis is the most commonly occurring systemic autoimmune disease caused by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. It affects 0.5-1% of the worldwide population and increases in incidence with age. Tumor necrosis factor-α, major candidate gene in the pathogenesis of RA. Gene polymorphisms occurring in this pro-inflammatory cytokine may increase the risk of RA. This study aimed to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in TNF-α gene at location -308(rs1800629), -238(rs361525) and -376(1800750) (G/A) and RA susceptibility. The study also evaluated the effects of these polymorphisms on their corresponding gene levels in serum.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 49 individuals (30 RA patients and 19 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers as controls). Genomic DNA extracted from all participant blood, then amplified by PCR and genotyped by sequencing.Additionally, the serum level of TNF-α was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: The results showed that thehomozygosity for the TNF-α -308 G allele significantly act as a genetic factor associated with increased RA risk (p = 0.029, OR: 4.727, 95%CI: 1.175–19.016). The A allele of -238 and -376 polymorphisms may act as a possible risk factor for RA (OR: 7.63, 95%CI:0.409-14.07; OR:6.13, 95%CI:.0.32-11.214). However, no significant differences were observed.
Conclusion: The GG genotype ofTNF-α -308 SNP associated with increased rheumatoid arthritis risk.
Isolation of Bacterial Causative agents for Diabetic Foot patients and Antibiotic Susceptibility test against Bacterial Isolates
Authors: Dalya G. Kleef  , Khwam R Hussein
Published: April 2023

Background and objective: diabetic foot infections (DFIs)  and Diabetes foot ulcers (DFUs)are linked to lower-extremity amputation, hospitalization, and a high morbidity and mortality rate. DFIs/DFUs have varied bacterial communities that influence illness prognosis. Bacterial diversity is assessed in DFUs/DFIs to determine an appropriate therapy.
Methods: The Al-Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center conducted this cross-sectional research from September 15, 2021, to March 22, 2022. The study included 46 patients (26 male and 20 female) suffering from diabetic foot. Bacterial isolates, sensitivity and resistance were diagnosed by Vitek (bioMerieux, French).Results: 21.74% of patients have Gram positive bacteria, 67.39% of patients have Gram negative bacteria, whereas 10.87% showed no growth. In the positive culture showed following percent: Pseudomanasaeroginosa (33%), E. coli (18%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7%), Enterococcas faecalis (5%), Protuse mirabilis (4%), Staphlococus homenous (4%), Staphlococus ureuse (4%), Lactococcus garvieae (2%), Pseudomanasputida (2%), Serratia plvmuthica (2%), Staphlococus epidermidis (2%), Streptococcus uberis (2%) and no growth (15%).Conclusions: Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacterium among the polymicrobial infections seen in the majority of DFI specimens. For initial care of these wounds, combination antimicrobial therapy may be necessary.
Evaluation of Medical Waste Management in Three Hospitals in Basrah Governorate,Iraq
Authors: Jawad Khaled Sarah , Abdul-Ameer Ali Wissam
Published: April 2023

Health institutions create between 10 and 15 percent of their total waste as hazardous waste, consisting of substances contaminated with patient blood or bodily secretions, and need special handling to make it safe for disposal due to its environmental and public health risks. The data was collected by designing a self-assessment questionnaire. Three government hospitals in Basrah were randomly selected.
The results showed that only one hospital got a high level, while the remaining two hospitals received a medium level because of transportation issues and inadequate medical waste storage. As it related to assessing healthcare providers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward medical waste, the results were positive at 91.6 %  knowledge level, 85.4 % attitude level, and 87.8 % practice level. The situation of medical waste in the governorate requires additional effort on the part of the responsible authorities in terms of adopting new technologies in hospital waste management and promoting more education and training for staff.
Structure, Process and Outcome Evaluation of Central Public Health Laboratory Performance About Neonatal Screening Program in Karbala in 2022
Authors: Dunia Fawaz Mohammed  , Mahdi Murshd Thuwaini  , Alaa Hussein Abed
Published: April 2023

Background: Neonatal screening is a preventive medical act aims to early detecting neonates affected byspecific disorders that endanger their lives or cause long-term health problems and require prompt intervention. This canresult in significant reductions in morbidity, death, and related costs and disabilities. The panel of neonatal screened disordershas been gradually expanded. Expansion has been empowered with the introduction of tandem mass spectrometry, whichallowed for the screening of up to 40–50 diseases with a single blood spot. Part of the implementation of neonatal screeningprogram must include, just like any other program, monitoring and evaluation task in order to identify difficultiesor barriers to improve procedures and methodologies. This study aimed to evaluate the Central Public Health Laboratory/Karbala Directorate of Health performance in Neonatal Screening program. Method: The evaluation method has beencarried out in Holy Karbala Governorate for the period between the first of September 2021 and the end of June 2022using a check list of standards taken from the National Guideline for Newborn Screening for Care Providers inPrimary Health Care Centers in Iraq. This was to evaluateCentral Public Health Laboratory by meeting the manager employee and evaluate theCentral Public Health Laboratory room.
The Prediction of Macrovascular Complications in Individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus with Different Risk Factors in ThiQar
Authors: Shahad Turkey Mana  , Dawood Salman Mahdi  , Mahmood Thamer Altemimi
Published: April 2023

Background:Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health issue globally, posing a significant financial and social burden on individuals, families, and communities.The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the risk factors of T2DM and its relationship with macrovascular complications.
Methods:A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 1189 individuals with T2DM attending Thi-Qar Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center (TDEMC) in Nasiriya City, Thi-Qar, Southern Iraq. All patients All patients’ data were gathered from the direct interviewees and the digital records of TDEMC, which used an internal network system and Microsoft Access Program.Results: The mean age was 55.9 ±11.7 years, female 58%, body mass index 31.2 ±5.5 kg/m2 , waist circumference 108±11.6 cm, One-fifth (20.9%) of this cohort were having an established atherosclerotic cardiovascular.Dyslipidaemia in T2DM was a common biochemical derangement of 77.6% and it increases the risk of all elements of macrovascular complication at a rate of 87.8% P/<0.001 heart disease, (85.4% P/0.015) stroke and (79.6% P/ 0.063) clinical PAD. Hypertension (63.5%), family  history of T2DM (64.9%), history of CVD, sign insulin resistance (61.7%), centralobesity (84.3%), history of gestational diabetes mellitus and estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73m2 were having a significant effect on overall macrovascular complications among  T2DM.Conclusion: History of dyslipidemia is the most significant (p=<0.001) independent risk factor for the prediction ofmacrovascular complications among T2DM, while other  risk factors were considered as dependent to further cofounders.
Epidemiological and Socio-demographic Characters of Glucocorticoids Misuse among Premenopausal Women in Thi-Qar, Southern Iraq
Authors: Asia Hameed Saddam  , Majid Abdulwahab Maatook  , Mahmood Thamer Altemimi
Published: April 2023

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely accessible over-the-counter (OTC), liberally recommended by locals medical practitioner, and frequently misused by women for the purpose of treatment of skin conditions, joint pains, febrile illnesses and asthma. Unfortunately, ladies misuse a lot of over-the-counter GCs and glucocorticoids containing cosmetic creams, both imported and locally blended in order to deposit fat as a connection between beauty and propensity. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the epidemiological and socio-demographic characteristics of GCs misuse among reproductive women in the South of Iraq.
Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted on 251 reproductive-aged women who were misusing GCs for any cause and attending Thi-Qar Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center (TDEMC) in Nasiriya City. They were evaluated for demographic characteristics, medical and social histories, and then examined carefully for any signs of GCs misuse.
Results: The mean ages of women were 33.21±8.6 years, BMI 30.68±7.3 Kg/m², and 208 (82.9%) women were eitheroverweight or obese. More than half (51.3%) of the women were misusing two or more forma of GCs and one quarter(26.7%) of them were misusing tablets. The types of GCs misused were presented as 77.7% dexamethasone, 19.5%prednisolone, 22.3% hydrocortisone, 21.1% betamethasone, 17.5% local GCs types, and 13.5% Inhaler GCs types. Themajor source of GCs misuse was pharmacy 201 (80.1%) and 18 (7.2%) from street vendors. Approximately, all women hadmany features of GCs-induced adverse effects and there were many misconceptions about their safety like 41.8% .
A Biochemical Study of Infertile Women With and Without Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Basra City, Iraq
Authors: Ryam S. Naeem  , Abdulkareem M. Jewad  , Rajaa A. Mahmoud
Published: April 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder that affects body systems and leads to reproductive and metabolic complications.Among women of reproductive age, it is considered as one of the main cause of infertility. The present  study aimed to evaluate a biochemical hormones (FSH, LH, LH/FSH ratio and TESTO) of infertile women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome in Basra City - Iraq, in order to know whether they represent biomarkers of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Method:The present study included 60 patients infertile women (30 with PCOS and 30 without PCOS) aged between 16 to 40  years, which was admitted to Infertility and IVF Centre in Basra Hospital for Women and Children (IbnGhazwan) in Basra Government-Southern Iraq. A control group of 30 entirely healthy participants with an age range of (16 -40) years were considered. Body mass index was calculatedfor the two groups. There follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and testosterone were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Software of SPSS 26 was used for the statistical analysis.
Results: The results of the present study showed  a significant increase in each of (LH and LH/FSH) concentration in PCOS compared to the control.  Moreover, the results illustrateda significant increase in patients without PCOS(LH and BMI)compared to the controls.
Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a significant increase in LH, LH/FSH levels in addition to BMI among women with PCOS and without PCOS compared to Fertile women.
Safety measures among workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation in hospitals in AL-Muthanna Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Zaineb Jaber Eoda  , Mahmood Salim Thamer
Published: April 2023

Background: Health professionals working in the radiological departments of Al-Muthnia Hospital are at high risk of radiation exposure due to a lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as thyroid shields, genital shields, and lead glass in all radiological departments, as well as a lack of staff awareness of the need to use these PPI.
A study of the extent of the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) for radiation workers in hospitals.
Method: To determine the scope of radiation workers' obligations in hospitals about wearing personal protective equipment, a cross-sectional investigation was carried out among participants in All Radiation Units in Hospitals in the AL-Muthana Governorate.  Results: This study involved 95 participants from radiological units 95 people responded overall. Their average age was 37 years, 70.5 percent of them were men, 33.0 percent of them worked as radiographers in x-ray units, the majority of them were married, and 41.1% had diplomas or other credentials. According to the study, only 45.4 percent of staff members wear PPE(lead coat) when dealing with radiation, while 50.9-92 percent of staff members report that additional PPI, including lead glasses, genital shield, and theroid shield, are unavailable. Occupational health and safety training is only provided to 63.2 percent of the staff. At a P value of 0.05, all questions are statistically significant.
Study objective: Identify the extent of the obligations of radiation workers in hospitals in terms of wearing personal protective equipment.
Public Knowledge and Beliefs on Antibiotics Use and Self-Medication in Basra
Authors: Hasan Kareem Mohammed  , Majid Abdulwahab Maatook  , Rajaa Ahmed Mahmoud
Published: April 2023

Self-medication is described as the use of medications to address illnesses or symptoms that one has independently diagnosed, as well as the irregular or continuous use of a prescribed substance to treat persistent or recurrent illnesses or symptoms. The fundamental issue with antibiotic self-medication is the development of pathogenic resistance. Antibiotic resistance is an issue that exists today, primarily in developing nations.
The main objective was to study the public's beliefs and behaviors on antibiotic use as well as self-medication with antibiotics in Basra were studied.
Methods: a cross-sectional survey was conducted by using a validated questionnaire. This survey  included 470 participants. (74 %) self-medicate with antibiotics. Community pharmacies (41.1%) were the most common source of antibiotics for self-medication. (74.5%) of the participants know that antibiotics are not useful for a common cold. (59.1%) of the participants have an idea of the possible harmful effects of using antibiotics. More than half of the participants 287 (61.1%) thought that self-medication with antibiotics is not an acceptable practice. (40.51%) stated as very bad practice and (32.72%) stated as bad practice.
Conclusion: Most of the participants beliefs that self-medication with antibiotics is not an acceptable practice, while 74% used this practices. It is important to properly follow up the regulations and controlling the distribution of prescription medications.
Sophists in humanistic and reformation propaganda
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Lurie Zinaida
Published: April 2023

The article examines the topos of sophism and its content in written and visual texts of the late 15th - first half of the 16th centuries, primarily on the basis of dialogues and dramaturgical works, which occupied a special place in the urban communica-tion of the Reformation period. The first half of the article gives an overview of the general ideas about sophism, which were formed among humanists and reformers under the strong influ-ence of Platonic dialogues (Ficino, Erasmus, Luther). A positive reception of the rhetorical heritage of sophism was also present in the culture of the era, but in general, a negative perception of the sophists was typical. Sophistry was opposed to true philoso-phy and was considered in an actual, anti-scholastic key. In the second part of the article, specific embodiments of the topic of sophism in specific works of Christian humanists and reformers were considered. Among them are different dialogues and dra-mas: “Cordus” (1485) by Johann Kerkmeister, “Comedy about the good education of young men” (1501) by Heinrich Bebel, “Gallus pugnans” (1514) by Joachim Vadian, “Council of theolo-gians” (1520) by Crotus Rubian, “Eccius dedolatus” (1520) by Willibald Pirckheimer, “Karstgans” and “Pammachius” (1538) by Thomas Naogeorg. In general, the analysis showed that in humanistic satire, sophists are shown as carriers of university scholastic culture, which is opposed to the practice of Christian piety. They were ridiculed in a rather narrow academic context. In reformist propaganda, the topic loses its specific content: since the evangelical satire was addressed to a much wider audi-ence than humanistic neo-Latin texts. In these works, the theme of the university world is only nominally stated - at the level of the character's social identity. And these representatives of the university, scholastics and teachers, are ridiculed on more gen-eral grounds, ridiculed for immorality, depraved lifestyle, intel-lectual squalor.
Educating the sovereign: court teachers of the heirs of the roman emperors of the late 4th century – the first half of the 5th century
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vedeshkin Michail
Published: April 2023

This article is dedicated to a variety of problems related to the education of the heirs of the Valentinian-Theodosius dynasty. It covers the biographies of the tutors of the royal children (Ausonius, Themistius, Arsenius, Antiochus, Anastasius, Petronius Maximus), evaluates the activities of the court schools, traces the transformation of the status of the tutors assigned to the heirs to the throne, describes the principles of their recruitment, and makes an attempt to reconstruct the curriculum of their schools. The conclusion is made that in contrast to the 1st – 3rd century A.D., the status of the court teacher had significantly strengthened. The educational programs of the court schools generally repeated the curricula of the ordinary grammar and rhetorical schools of the Empire. The article argues that the teachers of the heirs, as a rule, were chosen from the segments of the nobility, in whose support the government was most interested at the time. In addition, it is noted that children of prominent officials and military officers were involved in the education of future sovereigns. This practice introduced a competitive element into the educational process and served as a guarantee of the loyalty of the fathers of classmates of the heirs.
Tối ưu hiệu năng của hệ thống truyền thông đa chặng trong môi trường vô tuyến nhận thức dạng nền
Authors: Chính Nguyễn Văn , Nhật Nguyễn Lương , Bảo Võ Nguyên Quốc
Published: April 2023

In  this  paper,  we  study  underlay cognitive  multihop  networks  where  both  power constraints  including  the  maximum  tolerable interference  level  at  primary  receivers  and  the maximum  transmit  power  at  secondary  transmitters are  taken  into  account.  We  obtain  the  exact  and approximated closed-form expressions at high and low signal-to-noise  ratio  (SNR)  regime  for  the  system outage  probability.  Based  on  the  approximated expressions,  the  optimization  problem  on  relay locations are considered. Numerical results show that underlay  multihop  networks  with  optimal  relay positions  significantly  outperform  that  with randomized or uniform relay positions.
Exploring the Digital Development Path of Intangible Cultural Heritage under the Background of Rural Revitalization: Taking Chi Shui Bamboo Weaving in Guizhou Province as an example
Authors: Pan Mengfei , He Yuqing , Li Jingshu
Published: April 2023

With the continuous promotion of the current rural revitalization strategy and the continuous development of the digital economy, some intangible cultural heritage from rural areas have ushered in new development opportunities. This article takes the intangible cultural heritage of “Chi Shui Bamboo Weaving” as a case study, analyzes its digital development status, as well as its impact and significance on the development of rural revitalization strategy after digitization, and summarizes some strategies for the digital development of rural intangible cultural heritage. Research has shown that the digital economy is feasible in driving the development of cultural heritage and can also better promote rural revitalization. It is expected that this study will have a certain role in the development of rural revitalization strategies.
The Impact of Enhanced Digital Development on China's Economics in the Post-Epidemic Period
Authors: Wang Yaxuan
Published: April 2023

The global economy has been severely disrupted in the context of COVID-19, and China has not been immune to its impact. China is advocating a more comprehensive digital development plan, including a model that combines new technology and existing sectors, to offset COVID-19's influence on economic growth. The objective of this paper is to analyze the potential impact of enhanced digital development on the Chinese economy in the post-epidemic period. This paper uses a literature review and comparative case study analysis to analyze digital development in two of China's fastest-growing dynamic cities, Guangdong and Shanghai, and compare digitalization trends in developed countries. Finally, worldwide experiences and insights are used to analyze China's digital age prospects and problems and how to boost China's digitalization potential to boost economic growth. The study shows that enhanced digital transformation has a positive impact on China's economic development in the post-epidemic period. Digital development is advancing more quickly in healthcare and education, particularly under the influence of COVID-19, increasing people's digital literacy while eradicating traditional time and space restrictions and fostering resource sharing and information transparency. In addition, it may boost economic development, provide new business possibilities, and enhance individuals' quality of life. China's digital transformation and upgrading face many challenges due to global competitive pressures, ecological and security environments, traditional industrial models, and consumer perceptions, but international experience and inspiration provide many new ideas.
Correlates of Sports Confidence among High School Athletes
Authors: Rintaugu Elijah G. , Lusaga Brian O. , Mwangi Francis, M. , Kipchumba Kevin K.
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to establish the correlates of sports confidence among high school athletes. The study examined Vealey’s (1986) nine sources of sports confidence in relation to contextual factors of gender, age, playing experience and type of sport. A descriptive survey design was used, and data were collected using Vealey’s Sources of sports confidence questionnaire (SSCQ) from high school athletes (n=175). Results showed that coaches’ leadership was the highest source of sports confidence, followed by mastery and physical and mental preparation, while situational favourableness appeared to be the weakest source of confidence amongst the athletes. There were significant differences in physical self-presentation (t=-2.14, df = 173, p =0.034) in favour of male athletes. Athletes participating in individual sports had superior scores in mastery, while coaches’ leadership was the most important source of sports confidence for athletes in team sports. There were significant differences in coaches’ leadership (t=-3.118, df = 175, p = 0.002) and social support (t= -2.236, df = 175, p = 0.027) in favour of athletes in a team sport. Athletes who did not engage in their current sport while in a primary school rated coaches’ leadership highly, while mastery of the skill was scored highly by athletes who did participate in the sport while in primary school. It is concluded that coaches’ leadership skills, mastery of skill execution and physical or mental preparedness were the major sources of sports confidence. High schools should utilize coaches who can be emulated by the athletes.
Responsabilidad social empresarial y competitividad en el sector logístico-aduanero
Authors: Arias Aragones Francisco José , Batista Castillo Armando
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar desde el enfoque cuantitativo la relación de las dimensiones social, económica y medioambiental de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE), con la competitividad de un grupo de firmas del subsector logístico-aduanero de Cartagena de Indias. Se aplicaron encuestas a los directivos de doce firmas escogidas por conveniencia y se aplicaron los estadísticos de curtosis, asimetría de datos, análisis de correlación, análisis de componentes principales y gráfico de variables, empleando el software estadístico (R), versión 3.3.5. Se encontró un alto porcentaje entre las firmas que apenas manejan ideas generales acerca de la RSE y las que no desarrollan proyectos sociales y medioambientales. Adicionalmente, los estadísticos calculados fueron significativos de concentración de datos, con una alta correlación de la dimensión económica y social con la competitividad. Lo anterior se confirmó con el ACP y gráfico de variables. Se concluye una fuerte relación entre las dimensiones de la RSE y la competitividad, destacándose la mayor correlación con las dimensiones económica y social. Lo anterior sugiere que el impacto de la RSE en el perfil competitivo de las firmas, se encuentra enfocado en el aumento de la productividad, maximización de beneficios económicos y en atraer a los mejores empleados. Además, los altos porcentajes de firmas que apenas manejan ideas generales de RSE, sumado con las que no desarrollan proyectos sociales y medioambientales, sugieren importantes oportunidades del subsector socioeconómico de elevar la competitividad, a partir de la RSE.
¿Innovación interna o externa? un dilema organizacional
Authors: Luna Amador Jorge Armando , Escobar Espinoza Álvaro Andrés , Caraballo Payares Alexander Mauricio
Published: April 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analziar el debate académico que existe respecto a los procesos de innovación interna y externa, y sus implicaciones de complementariedad o de sustituibilidad. En este sentido, las empresas deben analizar si deben mantener un enfoque de innovación cerrado por el efecto de sustituibilidad o un enfoque abierto por el efecto de complementariedad. Para esto, se analizan diferentes estudios empíricos que aportan a cada una estas posturas académicas, así como la fundamentación teórica que respalda dichas posturas. Como reflexión final, se encuentra que en un contexto de globalización las empresas no pueden aislarse del entorno y de su cada vez más rápido desarrollo tecnológico. Adicionalmente, la relación de complementariedad o sustituibilidad entre la innovación interna y externa va a depender del tipo de organización, así como de sus recursos y capacidades para integrar el conocimiento externo con sus procesos internos organizacionales.
Multilatinas: Financial performance and speed of international expansion
Authors: Bolívar Caro Luis Miguel , Botero Lopez Michelle , Quiroga Castro Valentina , Vergara Arrieta José Julio
Published: April 2023

The phenomenon of Multilatinas companies has aroused the interest of numerous investigations in recent years. In particular, it has been studied why and under what conditions these organizations expand. However, the implications of financial performance conditions on the speed of international expansion of these types of companies still require further clarification and explanation. The objective of this paper is to analyze the speed of internationalization of multilatinas companies and the financial performance factors that affect their international expansion. For this, econometric analysis is carried out, using as dependent variable the speed of international expansion, measured as a ratio of companies’ foreign direct investment (FDI) and sales. As explanatory variables, the financial indicators of profitability, indebtedness and leverage are used. By this, it is possible to identify the relationship between financial performance and the rate at which companies grow in international markets. The size of the company, the economic sectors and the countries of origin of the companies are used as control variables. Results show that profitability and indebtedness have positive effects on the speed of internationalization; as well leverage with certain restrictions.
La corrupción: relación con la ética contable y las NIIF
Authors: García Barbosa Milton Darío , Mórelo Pinto Angel Manuel , Serpa Ávila Ilver Frank
Published: April 2023

El presente escrito aborda la corrupción y la participación del profesional contable en dicho asunto, evidenciando la falta de actitud ética. Se nombran las consecuencias de la problemática en la sociedad y se enmarca la actuación excelente esperada del contable en el ejercicio de sus actividades profesionales. Se mencionan los principales principios éticos profesionales contemplados en la norma que reglamenta la profesión del contador público en Colombia, así como con el advenimiento de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF), tomaron mayor importancia el criterio profesional y los principios éticos. Para ello, se realizó una investigación de tipo cualitativa e inductiva, mediante la revisión de varios artículos científicos tomados de base de datos académicas, y de la normatividad aplicable. Como resultados adicionales se señalan las seis áreas de formación que deben tener las facultades de contabilidad en la generación de los futuros contadores, resaltando la relevancia del componente socio-humanístico. Se exponen las razones acerca de la importancia del contenido ético para formar contadores profesionales en el futuro en los syllabus de varias reconocidas instituciones de educación superior colombianas, recomendado el contenido ideal en las temáticas de formación ética en la ciencia contable según los autores.
Costos de producción, situación económica y financiera en la producción de muebles en Villa El Salvador
Authors: Antezana Aguirre Mario Alejandro , Cuenca Castillo Christian Daivy , Calvanapón Alva Flor Alicia , Soto Abanto Segundo Eloy
Published: April 2023

El objetivo materia de investigación es determinar el efecto de los costos en la situación económica y financiera de una empresa de producción de muebles en el año 2021, para lograrlo, se centró en un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo aplicada desarrollando un diseño no experimental de corte transversal con un alcance descriptivo, el cual tuvo como muestra una empresa de producción de muebles en Villa El Salvador en los periodos 2020 – 2021, a la cual se aplicó la técnica de análisis documentario y, a través de la ficha de recolección de datos; asimismo se realizó el análisis a los estados financieros de la empresa. Dentro de los principales resultados, se observó que la empresa viene aplicando un sistema de costos empírico durante el periodo 2020 y 2021; por otro lado, del análisis de los estados de situación financiera se observó que en el año 2020 se tuvo mayor rentabilidad que en el año 2021. Concluyendo que, la propuesta de un sistema de costos de producción absorbente permitirá evidenciar los gastos generales en exceso y establecer los costos de producción, logrando un efecto positivo en la situación económica y financiera de la empresa en un periodo determinado a partir de su implementación
La dotación de las bibliotecas aldeanas y las intermediaciones de los bibliotecarios en los pueblos de la región Caribe, 1934-1939
Authors: Castro Fontalvo Jesús , Caballero Truyol Tomás
Published: April 2023

Este artículo analiza las estrategias implementadas por el Estado colombiano para fomentar la lectura en la región Caribe a través del programa de las Bibliotecas Aldeanas. También las colecciones bibliográficas que hicieron parte de estas bibliotecas y las representaciones que construyeron los lectores mediante los libros. Metodológicamente es un estudio de carácter histórico, basado en el análisis crítico de fuentes documentales como las correspondencias, los informes de los bibliotecarios, Revistas de la época, entre otras, que permitieron la construcción de los hechos investigados. Se concluye que los usos que se hicieron de las bibliotecas y sus colecciones incidieron en las formas de consumo y de participación, a la vez que estableció una relación activa y directa entre la comunidad y el Estado
Historia fiscal y económica de América Latina S. XVIII-XIX
Authors: Ruíz Paola , Escobar Espinoza Andrés , Acevedo Rafael
Published: April 2023

De acuerdo con Bertrand y Moutoukias (2018) la fiscalidad es “un observatorio situado en la intersección de los procesos políticos, sociales y económicos” como bien ha puesto en evidencia la historia fiscal. Así, el estudio de las reformas fiscales especialmente las que se suscitaron en el periodo de transición entre la colonia y la república ha llevado a valorar mejor el problema de los cambios y las continuidades. El análisis de las dificultades que afrontaron los nuevos Estados en el diseño y puesta en práctica de una nueva estructura impositiva muestra las tensiones entre diversos actores políticos y económicos; las reticencias, reservas, límites y dificultades que se opusieron a ellas, y la precariedad de los Estados y regímenes políticos.
Beslenme ve Diyetetik Uygulamalarında Yapay Zeka
Authors: Ülker İzzet , Çamli Ayşe
Published: April 2023

Yapay zeka, düşünce süreçlerini, öğrenme yeteneklerini ve bilgi yönetimini taklit etme özelliklerine sahip olan bilgisayar biliminin bir dalıdır. Yapay zeka uygulamaları, deneysel ve klinik tıpta giderek daha fazla uygulama alanı bulmaktadır. Beslenme ve diyetetik alanında yapay zeka uygulamaları, beslenme durumunun değerlendirilmesi, diyet planlama, diyet-hastalık ilişkisi ve antropometrik ölçümler olmak üzere 4 ana başlıkta toplanabilmektedir. Beslenme durumunun değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan yöntemlerden olan besin tüketim kayıtları ve antropometrik ölçümlerin geleneksel yöntemleri kendi içerisinde bazı olumsuzluklara sahiptir. Bu olumsuzlukların önüne geçmek adına besinlerin fotoğrafları çekilmekte veya ses ve harekete duyarlı giyilebilir cihazlar geliştirilmektedir. Diyet planlama noktasında da bireylerin bilgilerinin girilmesi ile kişiye özel diyet planları oluşturulabilmektedir. Burada dikkat çekici olan nokta diyet planlamada sağlık profesyonelinden bağımsız sistemin hareket etmemesidir. Ayrıca kişinin bilgileri doğrultusunda beslenme-hastalık gelişimi riskini tahmin eden uygulamalar da bulunmaktadır. Son olarak; yapay zeka algoritmaları ve biyomedikal sinyallere dayalı vücut kas kütlesi yüzdesi, elektrokardiyografi sinyali ve makine öğrenme yöntemleri ile vücut yağ kütlesi yüzdesi tahmin modelleri geliştirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda yapay zekanın tüm bu alanlarda elde ettiği sonuçların yüksek doğruluğa sahip olduğu bildirilmektedir. Gelişen teknoloji ve yapay zeka alanında hızlı gelişme beslenme durumunun saptanması ve kişiye özgü diyet planlamalarının hızlı ve güvenilir bir şekilde oluşturulması konusunda ümit vadetmektedir.
El teatro infantil en el desarrollo emocional de niños y niñas de 3 a 5 años
Authors: Giler-Giler Rosa , Vélez-Zambrano Helen , Mejía-Macías Melanie
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo, tiene por objeto plantear puntos de acción para los docentes, que intervienen en la etapa educativa inicial que inciden en el ámbito familiar. orientado especialmente hacia el desarrollo emocional de los infantes mediante el teatro infantil para ello, en primer lugar, reflexiona sobre el importante papel de la familia en una de las estrategias más importantes en el aprendizaje de los niños como es el juego simbólico, es la base de la dramatización infantil, por lo que se puede decir que desde edades muy tempranas, los niños están actuando, están adquiriendo papeles diferentes a los que poseen en la vida real mediante roles que desempeñan los adultos y que los niños imitan, desarrollando la creatividad e imaginación y esto es algo con lo que disfrutan. Para la realización de dramatizaciones, podemos utilizar diferentes instrumentos que son de gran ayuda para que el niño y la niña se sientan más cómodos y se diviertan más como son los títeres, las marionetas, disfraces, maquillaje, antifaz entre otros. Por lo tanto, con este artículo, conoceremos las distintas formas que podemos utilizar a la hora de llevar a cabo un teatro infantil y promover esto en los hogares de los infantes.
Análisis de las providencias preventivas en materia de propiedad intelectual según el código orgánico general de procesos ecuatoriano
Authors: Maigualema-Herrera Miguel , Miranda-Calvache Jorge
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo trata sobre las providencias preventivas en materia de propiedad intelectual, cuál es su procedibilidad admisibilidad y fundamentabilidad. La importancia de analizar esta acción legal en temas relacionados a propiedad intelectual es por cuanto deben funcionar con un método eficiente y eficaz para cuidar los derechos de los titulares y que aceptación o negativa de las providencias preventivas sean inmediatas. En el presente trabajo se revisarán puntos principales como: 1- Definición y características de las providencias preventivas; 2- El alcance que tiene la adopción de las providencias preventivas; 3- La temporalidad de este tipo de acción y que debe cumplir el accionante para evitar que las medidas caduquen; 4- Los requisitos que exige la ley para la adopción de esta medida y 5- Como las providencias preventivas coadyuban a que la infracción de propiedad intelectual cese de forma inmediata, esto mientras se resuelve definitivamente la acción. Como eje central del presente trabajo, se persigue analizar la procedibilidad, admisibilidad y fundamentabilidad de esta acción. La metodología empleada es la bibliográfica y científica, donde a través del análisis reflexivo se llega a conclusiones sobre la temática abordada.