bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the issue of the successful professional adaptation of pedagogical universities students
Authors: Konoriukova Inna Vladimirovna , Antonovskii Aleksandr Viktorovich , Balakshina Elena Vladimirovna
Published: July 2021

The article indicates the relevance of the study on the adaptation problem of pedagogical universities graduates to their professional activities. The approaches that can allow to defne the adaptation success criteria of pedagogical high schools graduates are highlighted. There are also presented the indicators of teachers’ adaptation success to their professional activity in the preschool educational organizations. The existing organizational methods for teachers’ adaptation psychological support to the professional activity and its methodological problems are considered, and a solution method of psychological support problems, based on the usage of adaptation potential of personality concept is offered. There was conducted a comparative analyses of the professional activity adaptation features. The carried out analyses involved tutors who had participated in the generalized model of multilevel adaptation support system and teachers of preschool organizations whose adaptation had spontaneous character. This has justifed the implementation of an innovative multi-level adaptation support system model: the experiment helped the tutors to form internal determinants of professional development through the relationship of internal motives and adaptation as a whole. The article describes the results of the multi-level adaptation support system model practical implementation and thus created a psychological basis for professional development willingness and provided an improved way of the objective assessment of the teachers’ successful adaptation to the profession: the actualization and mobilization of adaptive potential within the professional refexive environment, which allows to understand and determine the development strategy of professional prospects, to form an adequate level of the teaching profession self-image, and to organize one’s professional activity which would be focused on the knowledge of personal constructs and self-development. Successful adaptation to the professional activity is the key to the further development of each teacher both as a personality and as a specialist.
Ações coletivas, novas formas de articulação política-oligárquica e o declínio das esquerdas latino-americanas
Authors: Chávarro Dana Milena , Pinheiro Wellington Duarte
Published: July 2021

Fundamentado no debate sobre os novos desafios enfrentados pelas ações coletivas latino-americanas dos novos pactos políticos forjados entre a oligarquia política conservadora e o capitalismo especulativo extrativista. Este artigo observou que tais mobilizações coletivas ressignificaram seus repertórios a fim de reivindicar o fortalecimento dos ideais republicanistas capazes de reativar a conquista de bens comuns, tais como a ideia de cidadania e de solidariedade contemporânea. Demonstramos que a emergência das políticas utilitaristas como o neodesenvolvimentismo e neoextrativismo latino-americanas implicou na destituição dos ideais do republicanismo e na queda dos regimes de esquerda, provocando, simultaneamente, a emergência de ações coletivas preocupadas em ressignificar o mal-estar moral de tais políticas mercantis. Norteadas pela discussão antiutilitarista dos novos pactos políticos republicanos na região, como também pelo debate decolonial sobre a queda dos regimes de esquerda apresentamos uma compreensão preliminar das novas possibilidades de ativismo político.
Las crisis, el compromiso y la ciencia
Authors: Borda Orlando Fals
Published: July 2021

En este artículo clásico de los años 60 y 70, Fals Borda propone una sociología del compromiso articulando la teoría y la práctica, la ciencia y la política. La crisis que afecta Colombia en la época le parecía una fase histórica crucial que podría llevar al cambio de las estructuras tradicionales de la sociedad latinoamericana y colombiana. Para él, las normas generales que mejor pueden guiar el trabajo científico en épocas de crisis son aquellas que resultan de la experiencia misma, de la aplicación del método a los procesos sociales, observando la responsabilidad que debe distinguir a todo científico. Para él, esta es la base de una ciencia rebelde. El compromiso-acción es, esencialmente, explica el autor, una actitud personal del científico ante las realidades de la crisis social, económica y política en que se encuentra. Esto implica considerar la convergencia de dos planos: el de la conciencia de los problemas que observa y el del conocimiento de la teoría y los conceptos aplicables a esos problemas. Éstas son las coyunturas que se presentan hoy a los científicos sociales ante la crisis de América Latina para justificar su tarea y la existencia misma de la ciencia.
Modernidad, Covid-19, y Colonialidad en el Perú. Notas introductorias
Authors: Navarrete Julio Mejía
Published: July 2021

La pandemia del coronavirus expresa las tendencias generales del patrón moderno global y pareciera que la crisis abierta exponencia el modelado del curso de la sociedad, cuyas repercusiones continuaran cuando se diluya la enfermedad, marcando su lado más sombrío, de la colonialidad. Indudablemente, el mundo proseguirá desplegándose, pero lo hará según el sentido de la historia que interrelaciona modernidad y colonialidad, a no ser que haya un giro profundo en la organización de la existencia social.
Quatro perguntas para as Ciências sociais na pandemia
Authors: Pleyers Geoffrey
Published: July 2021

Cientistas sociais mostraram que a pandemia COVID-19 não é apenas uma crise sanitária. É também uma crise social e política, e deve ser tratada como um momento de ruptura que trará grandes mudanças em nossas vidas, nossas sociedades e nosso mundo. Embora muitas vezes deixadas de lado pelos formuladores de políticas, as contribuições das ciências sociais para lidar com a pandemia do coronavírus têm sido tão importantes e, de muitas maneiras, complementares às ciências exatas. A pandemia gerou um ciclo de desglobalização. Os estados fecharam suas fronteiras, as viagens e a mobilidade ao redor do mundo diminuíram drasticamente. Grandes eventos internacionais foram cancelados ou adiados. As famílias se isolaram em suas casas e a prioridade dos governos nacionais é garantir o acesso a equipamentos de saúde para proteção contra o vírus e suprimentos básicos para "seu próprio povo". No entanto, isso está acontecendo globalmente. É necessária uma sociologia mais global para melhor compreender e enfrentar os desafios que enfrentamos, para reunir boas práxis e exemplos de sucesso, para alertar sobre as ameaças e para pensar sobre o mundo que sairá desta crise global. Tal perspectiva global não deve ceder ao “globalismo metodológico” e se limitar a macroanálises. Cientistas sociais sublinharam o fato de que a crise também pode ser uma oportunidade para reconstruir o mundo de uma maneira diferente. Muitos enfatizam a necessidade de um mundo mais sensível e atento aos direitos humanos, aos cuidados e às desigualdades sociais, e com sistemas públicos de saúde mais fortes. Também nas ciências sociais, precisamos aprender com a experiência da pandemia de outros países e outras regiões do mundo
Perfil sociodemográfico e narrativas de pessoas idosas que já viviam a solidão antes da sindemia do Covid-19
Authors: Bezerra Patricia Araújo , Soares Suelen De Alencar , Franco Simone Bezerra , Moura Leides Barroso de Azevedo
Published: July 2021

Os dados e narrativas apresentados neste estudo descrevem o quão urgente é compreender os desafios e as oportunidades da heterogeneidade do envelhecimento, especialmente numa sociedade ageista que historicamente isola os indivíduos mais longevos. Neste artigo são analisados resultados de entrevistas com pessoas de 60 anos ou mais de idade residentes em duas Instituições de Longa Permanência no Distrito Federal, no período de agosto a dezembro de 2019. Adota-se o constructo do ageismo como perspectiva teórica do estudo.  Observou-se que a maioria das pessoas idosas já viviam a solidão antes da circulação global do SARS COV-2. A sindemia do COVID 19 em curso tem o potencial de acirrar a solidão já vivida por pessoas idosas, mas também de criar novas sociabilidades e redes de solidariedade intergeracionais.
Resenha de Lógica e Nonsense nas Obras de Lewis Carroll
Authors: Lindemann John Lennon
Published: July 2021

Resenha da obra “Lógica e Nonsense nas Obras de Lewis Carroll: Silogismos e Tontogismos como Exercícios para o Pensamento” de Rafael Montoito, lançada em dezembro de 2019 pela Editora IFSul de Pelotas.
Sobre Eliminar a Identidade da lógica
Authors: Benevides Hudson Dos Anjos
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo argumentarei que não se pode afirmar sem qualificação que a identidade pode ser removida da lógica como proposto por Wehmeier (2004). Isto é feito ao apontar o fato básico de que a identidade não é definível na linguagem da lógica de primeira ordem. Como sugerido por Béziau (2013), em lógica de primeira ordem temos no máximo a Identidade de Leibniz—uma relação de congruência e não a identidade numérica. Portanto, qualquer tentativa de dispensar a identidade em termos de equivalência lógica entre linguagens de primeira ordem não pode ser bem sucedida. Além disso, apresentamos uma desvantagem metafísica ao mudar para a lógica defendida por Wehmeier (2004).
O Nonsense de Lewis Carroll
Authors: Lindermann John Lennon
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta uma noção de nonsense própria às obras de Lewis Carroll e elaborada com base em seu próprio arcabouço teórico, seguida de uma análise das relações entre as noções de nonsense de Lewis Carroll e Wittgenstein, concluindo que ambos tiveram atitudes análogas em relação ao nonsense, usando-o como um meio para induzir ideias instrutivas nos seus leitores.
Pluralismo e Inferencialismo: Uma Apologia
Authors: Oliveira Hermógenes
Published: July 2021

Tanto o pluralismo quanto o inferencialismo podem ser motivados por meio de contraposição à visão tradicional. Seja expandindo o inferencialismo para além das suas origens monistas, seja aderindo à uma abordagem mais pragmatista do pluralismo, obtemos uma combinação de ambas correntes que resulta numa postura coerente, robusta e proveitosa.
Evidências e dependência ontológica: sobre interpretações de lógicas paraconsistentes
Authors: Rodrigues Abílio , Antunes Henrique
Published: July 2021

Neste texto, apresentamos duas abordagens distintas, mas não necessariamente excludentes, da paraconsistência. A primeira trata das lógicas da evidência e verdade (logics of evidence and truth), nas quais contradições são interpretadas como evidência não conclusiva, simultânea e conflitante para um par de proposições A e ¬A. A segunda abordagem propõe que as diferenças entre a lógica clássica e alguns sistemas de lógica paraconsistente correspondem à distinção entre objetos ontologicamente independentes e ontologicamente dependentes, sendo esses últimos caracterizados como objetos cuja existência depende de nossos processos psicológicos e práticas linguísticas. Em ambas as alternativas, ilustramos como justificar a legitimidade das lógicas paraconsistentes sem endossar a tese de que a realidade, para ser descrita corretamente, requer proposições contraditórias.
JOGOS CONCEITUAIS EM AMBIÊNTE ESPECÍFICO PARA ENSINO E APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE UMA EQUIPE SUB 14 FEMININA DE VOLEIBOL
Authors: Rodrigues Marcelo Francisco , Miguel Henrique , Campos Marcus Vinicius de Almeida
Published: July 2021

O Voleibol tem como uma das características mais importantes, a eficácia dos fundamentos para que as equipes desempenhem com sucesso, sua participação nos jogos. Diante das especificidades do Voleibol, como por exemplo: onde não há a interação com o adversário, não ocorre à retenção da bola durante as ações do jogo e os objetivos são comuns entre às equipes, de colocar a bola no solo adversário. Objetivo: O objetivo do referido estudo, teve como objetivo, analisar o desenvolvimento da equipe de Voleibol Feminina sub 14, da cidade de Aguaí/SP submetida a intervenções dos jogos conceituais em ambiente específico durante um campeonato regional. Método: Foi realizada uma análise descritiva contínua dos resultados dos jogos da equipe. Participaram deste estudo, 20 atletas do sexo feminino com idade média de 13,6 ± 0,64 anos da categoria mirim, que disputa campeonatos regionais e estaduais, com vivência média de 3 anos no voleibol. As intervenções foram realizadas durante as aulas, onde foram propostos jogos conceituais de ambiente específico, com o objetivo de aperfeiçoar a aprendizagem dos fundamentos técnicos e ações táticas do voleibol, onde, trabalharam situações 3x3, 4x4, 5x5 e 6x6, com a manipulação das dimensões da quadra, das regras do jogo, e dinâmica dos mesmos. As intervenções ocorreram durante cinco semanas com duas aulas semanais de voleibol com duração de duas horas. Resultados e Discussão: A análise descritiva quantitativa e discreta como também foram realizadas, análises sobre o desempenho da equipe durante os jogos, inicialmente após a primeira derrota no jogo 1, identificamos um número grande erros nos fundamentos saque e recepção, houve também um grande desequilíbrio nos fundamentos ataque e recepção. Diante deste quadro, foram elaborados jogos conceituais em ambiente específico para a melhora destes fundamentos acima citados. Já na análise utilizando teste t de student para comparação de sets vencidos e perdidos, encontramos diferenças estatísticas nos fundamentos saque e recepção. Conclusões: Concluímos que os jogos conceituais em ambiente específicos propostos foram preponderantes para a melhora da performance da equipe, tendo a recepção e o saque como fundamentos que determinarão o sucesso e insucesso da equipe durante os jogos.
METODOLOGIA DO JOGO SETORIAL NO FUTSAL
Authors: Cavalcanti Neto Vanildo Campos Bezerra , Leão Iberê Caldas Souza
Published: July 2021

Introdução: O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o esporte no mundo moderno que vem dando contribuições diversas para variadas áreas do conhecimento, a exemplo, psicologia, fisiologia, pedagogia, e para este estudo a ciência cognitiva. Objetivo: O objetivo deste relato é apresentar de forma metodológica a proposta do Jogo Setorial no Futsal, o como e onde se desenvolve a aprendizagem através da relação comportamental desse jogo com a educação no transito e o semáforo. Método: O referido relato está direcionado a manipulação de variáveis do jogo de futsal, estruturando os comportamentos do atleta ao processo de aprendizagem por associação as cores do semáforo (verde, amarelo e vermelho); onde cada cor está relacionada á um setor da quadra (dividida em 3/3), que terá um ritmo comportamental diferente, tendo como nível de jogo, conteúdos progressivos de ensino relacionado à distância das referências do jogo (bola, meio da quadra, meta) como base para cada setor (comportamento). Discussão: Após definição dos setores por cores e gerando comportamentos em cada bloco da quadra, conceitua-se e explica-se cada dinâmica de cada setor nas duas fases do jogo (ataque e defesa). Conclusão: Conclui-se que a metodologia do Jogo Setorial no Futsal gera um aprendizado por associação e facilita o entendimento e aprendizagem do jogo através da função semiótica que seria a aprendizagem por sinais. Então o gesto corporal e os sinais relevantes são de fundamental importância para uma “boa” (interpretação e ação, relacionada ao contexto) tomada de decisão por parte dos atletas.Palavras Chaves: Aprendizagem, Cognição, Esporte, Futsal.
Racismo é do esporte ou está no esporte?
Authors: Dos Santos Francisco Xavier
Published: July 2021

Este texto tem seu fundamento único na forma como o autor percebe a discussão que envolve o racismo no esporte brasileiro, mas que vai além deste. Sendo assim, trata-se de uma opinião particular sobre um tema que atravessa a sociedade nas suas mais diversas figurações sociais – embora algumas delas façam crer que nada têm a ver com o caso, reproduzindo ideias distorcidas de si mesmas – conforme acredito – como estratégia de manutenção de poder de algumas das tais configurações
Brucellosis in Iranian buffalo: prevalence and diagnostic methods
Authors: Dadar Maryam , Wareth Gamal , Neubauer Heinrich
Published: July 2021

The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Iran represent an important source of meat and milk products with high biological value. Given the importance of water buffalo in Iran and the prevalence of brucellosis as one of the most important zoonotic diseases in this ruminant species, this study summarized available data on history, epidemiology, diagnosis, and control of brucellosis in water buffalo from previous studies that have been carried out in Iran.  According to the documented data, there are three main groups of Iranian buffalo, including the Khuzestan ecotype (Khuzestan province); the Azary ecotype (Western/ Eastern Azarbaijan and Ardabil provinces); and the North ecotype (Gylan and Mazandaran provinces). Preliminary studies conducted on Iranian buffaloes either by serological or molecular tools reported that buffaloes' infection occurred due to natural exposure to a wild strain of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis. Previous studies dealing with brucellosis in Iranian buffalo are next to none. This review notifies the importance of reliable and detailed epidemiological investigations of Iranian buffaloes through continuous monitoring systems of the health status of buffalo populations. Continuous test and slaughter strategy, vaccination, and re-planning of veterinary activities are required to mitigate buffalo's role in disseminating and maintaining brucellosis in Iran.
Інтегрована звітність у процесі прийняття інвестиційних рішень: бібліометричний аналіз наукового ландшафту
Authors: Kostenko Olena , Kravchenko Olena , Ovcharova Natalia , Oleksich Zhanna , Dmytrenko Alla
Published: July 2021

Метою статті є формування підходів до розуміння інтегрованої звітності в процесі прийняття інвестиційних рішень, а також ідентифікації наукових шкіл у цій сфері з дальшою візуалізацією наукового ландшафту за допомогою бібліометричних карт.

Методологія / методика / підхід. Методологічною основою дослідження виступають термінологічний, бібліометричний та кластерний аналіз, графічний і табличні методи систематизації визначень поняття «інтегрована звітність». Джерелом даних слугували публікації з бази Scopus за 1986–2020 рр., оброблені програмними засобами «VOSviewer».

Результати. Узагальнено, проаналізовано та удосконалено підходи до трактування економічної сутності поняття «інтегрована звітність». Уперше здійснено термінологічний, бібліометричний і кластерний аналіз публікацій зарубіжних учених щодо інтегрованої звітності, який доповнено аналізом вітчизняних публікацій із цієї тематики. Найбільш значущим є кластер, що розглядає інтегровану звітність у контексті інтелектуального капіталу, корпоративного управління, корпоративної соціальної відповідальності, розкриття інформації. Дослідження цього кластеру є найбільш новими (сучасними) за хронологією. Уперше встановлено, що у вивченні інтегрованої звітності є дві основоположні наукові школи, що об’єднують представників США, Великобританії, Австралії та ЄС, представлено рейтинг найбільш цитованих статей цих авторів. На основі виконаної роботи запропоновано авторське визначення поняття «інтегрована звітність» як нового виду звітності, яка розкриває інформацію підприємства в економічному розрізі щодо фінансових, екологічних, соціальних, виробничих та управлінських показників і цілісно відображає його стратегії, ризики, стійкість бізнес-моделі, та яка призначена для задоволення інформаційних потреб усіх стейкхолдерів підприємства, зокрема інвесторів.

Оригінальність / наукова новизна. Кластеризація наукових досліджень у сфері інтегрованої звітності дозоляє виявити найбільш типові підходи до її розуміння у світовій думці та окреслити науковий ландшафт у цій сфері, що дає змогу сформувати власний, практико-орієнтований підхід до її визначення. Його особливістю є поєднання термінологічного, кластерного та бібліометричного аналізу, що підвищує обґрунтованість авторського підходу.

Практична цінність / значущість. Застосування авторського підходу українськими підприємствами дозволить підвищити значущість інтегрованої звітності в розкритті ними інформації про сталий розвиток, фінансові та нефінансові аспекти.
Design of A Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna for 5G Communication
Authors: Firdausi Ahmad , Damayanti Lusi , Hakim Galang Persada Nur , Umaisaroh Umaisaroh , Alaydrus Mudrik
Published: July 2021

The necessity for mobile communication devices is increased rapidly. Users expect to get very fast information access and data access without delay. The fifth-generation (5G) development in wireless mobile telecommunication technology promises capacity enhancement, ease connectivity, high efficiency, and high data rate transmission. The appropriate device should support this improvement of the technology. The antenna is one of the main devices to support the high data rate transmission. This paper proposed designing a dual-band rectangular patch antenna in 29 GHz and 38 GHz that supports 5G technology. This microstrip antenna is composed of 4 patch array elements to obtain higher gain. The material used for this microstrip antenna is RT Duroid 5880 with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a thickness of 1.575 mm. Both measurement and simulation are confirmed that the 2×2 array microstrip antenna in 29 GHz and 38 GHz frequency have a return loss value of -12.5 dB and -16 dB, respectively. The bandwidth for both frequencies has a value of 4.5 GHz and 3.75 GHz.
¿Son las interrogativas encubiertas realmente interrogativas encubiertas?
Authors: Devís Márquez P. Pablo
Published: July 2021

Desde que Baker (1968) acuñó el término “concealed question” —que, por determinadas razones, traducimos como “interrogativa encubierta”— para referirse a un SD que complementa a un verbo y puede parafrasearse por una interrogativa indirecta (Preguntó la dirección/Preguntó cuál era la dirección), gran parte de la literatura posterior sobre el asunto ha seguido empleando el término aun a pesar de que su objetivo fundamental es demostrar que las denominadas interrogativas encubiertas realmente no son interrogativas encubiertas, en el sentido de que no son estructuras gramaticalmente interrogativas, esto es, estructuras con una incógnita. Es objetivo básico de este trabajo, además de mostrar algunas particularidades de estas estructuras en español actual, probar que las denominadas interrogativas encubiertas realmente son interrogativas encubiertas, esto es, el resultado de elipsis en un determinado tipo de estructura oracional: las interrogativas indirectas copulativas especificativas. Ello exige una reflexión crítica sobre el concepto de elipsis gramatical y otra sobre prácticamente la totalidad de las propuestas contemporáneas, que presentan las interrogativas encubiertas como meros SD.
دور التربية في صياغة قيم الفرد
Authors:   الجامعة العراقية/  كلية التربية للبنات, حسن رفاء عبد اللطيف
Published: July 2021

تعتبر التربية في صياغة قيم الفرد من اهم المواضسع التي يجدر ويستحق البحث بها وخاصة في وقتنا هذا لما لها من اهمية بالغة في تنشئة الاجيال بالتشكيل والتوجيه والتقويم ضمن منظومة او سلم متدرج بقيم المجتمع الذي تعيش فيه. ولتحليل القيم التي كانت سائدة في تراثنا العربي الاسلامي, والقيم التي ينبغي ان تسود الحاضر والمستقبل, والوسيلة التي تغرس بها هذه القيم هي التربية, والتي تعد في تنقية محصلتها النهائية ذات وظيفة اخلاقية وقيمية ومن خلال قدرة التربية على تنمية النفوس من الشوائب وغرس القيم الفاضلة والكريمة والمستلهمة من تراثنا العربي الاسلامي
مصادر المعرفة دراسة مقارنة بين المذهب التجريبي والعلموي والفكر الإسلام
Authors:   جامعة قطر - كلية الشريعة والدراسات الإسلامية, الكبيسي . إسماعيل محمد
Published: July 2021

هذا بحث في نظرية المعرفة يجيب عن أهم سؤال من الأسئلة التي تتعلق بالمعرفة الإنسانية وهو مصادر المعرفة وسبلها وسنقتصر هنا على عرض ونقد المذهب التجريبي المتمثّل بجون لوك ودافيد هيوم وغيرهم، وكذلك المذهب العلموي المعاصر الذي يتّسم بالتعظيم من إمكانات العلم والمتمثل ببعض علماء الطبيعة المعاصرين مثل ستيفن هوكينج وغيره، وسيتّضح في البحث النقاط التي يشترك بها كلا المذهبين والنقاط التي يفترقان بها؛ وفي النهاية سنسلط الضوء على أساسيات التصور الإسلامي في موضوع مصادر المعرفة بشكل موجز وسنثبت أن الثغرات المعرفية الموجودة في كلا المذهبين آنفي الذكر لا توجد في التصور الإسلامي.
Measurement report: The influence of traffic and new particle formation on the size distribution of 1–800 nm particles in Helsinki – a street canyon and an urban background station comparison
Authors: Okuljar Magdalena , Kuuluvainen Heino , Kontkanen Jenni , Garmash Olga , Olin Miska , Niemi Jarkko V. , Timonen Hilkka , Kangasluoma Juha , Tham Yee Jun , Baalbaki Rima , Sipilä Mikko , Salo Laura , Lintusaari Henna , Portin Harri , Teinilä Kimmo , Aurela Minna , Dal Maso Miikka , Rönkkö Topi , Petäjä Tuukka , Paasonen Pauli
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Most of the anthropogenic air pollution sources are located in urban environments. The contribution of these sources to the population of atmospheric particles in the urban environment is poorly known. In this study, we investigated the aerosol particle number concentrations in a diameter range from 1 to 800 nm at a street canyon site and at a background station within 1 km from each other in Helsinki, Finland. We use these number size distribution data together with complementary trace gas data and develop a method to estimate the relative contributions of traffic and atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) to the concentrations of sub-3 nm particles. During the daytime, the particle concentrations were higher at the street canyon site than at the background station in all analyzed modes: sub-3 nm particles, nucleation mode (3–25 nm), Aitken mode (25–100 nm), and accumulation mode (100–800 nm). The population of sub-3 nm and nucleation mode particles was linked to local sources such as traffic, while the accumulation mode particles were more related to non-local sources. Aitken mode particles were dominated by local sources at the street canyon site, while at the background station they were mainly influenced by non-local sources. The results of this study support earlier research showing direct emissions of the sub-3 nm particles from traffic. However, by using our new method, we show that, during NPF events, traffic contribution to the total sub-3 nm particle concentration can be small and during daytime (6:00–20:00) in spring it does not dominate the sub-3 nm particle population at either of the researched sites. In the future, the contribution of traffic to particle number concentrations in different urban environments can be estimated with a similar approach, but determining the relationships between the gas and particle concentrations from observations needs to be conducted with longer data sets from different urban environments.
Additional carbon inputs to reach a 4 per 1000 objective in Europe: feasibility and projected impacts of climate change based on Century simulations of long-term arable experiments
Authors: Bruni Elisa , Guenet Bertrand , Huang Yuanyuan , Clivot Hugues , Virto Iñigo , Farina Roberta , Kätterer Thomas , Ciais Philippe , Martin Manuel , Chenu Claire
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The 4 per 1000 initiative aims to maintain and increase soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks for soil fertility, food security, and climate change
adaptation and mitigation. One way to enhance SOC stocks is to increase carbon (C) inputs to the soil. In this study, we assessed the amount of organic C inputs that are necessary to reach a target of SOC stocks increase by
4 ‰ yr−1 on average, for 30 years, at 14 long-term agricultural sites in Europe. We used the Century model to simulate SOC
stocks and assessed the required level of additional C inputs to reach the 4 per 1000 target at these sites. Then, we analyzed how this would change
under future scenarios of temperature increase. Initial stocks were simulated assuming steady state. We compared modeled C inputs to different
treatments of additional C used on the experimental sites (exogenous organic matter addition and one treatment with different crop rotations). The
model was calibrated to fit the control plots, i.e. conventional management without additional C inputs from exogenous organic matter or changes in
crop rotations, and was able to reproduce the SOC stock dynamics. We found that, on average among the selected experimental sites, annual C inputs will have to increase by 43.15 ± 5.05 %, which is
0.66 ± 0.23 MgCha-1yr-1 (mean ± standard error), with respect to the initial C inputs in the control treatment. The
simulated amount of C input required to reach the 4 ‰ SOC increase was lower than or similar to the amount of C input actually used in the
majority of the additional C input treatments of the long-term experiments. However, Century might be overestimating the effect of additional
C inputs on SOC stocks. At the experimental sites, we found that treatments with additional C inputs were increasing by 0.25 % on average. This
means that the C inputs required to reach the 4 per 1000 target might actually be much higher. Furthermore, we estimated that annual C inputs will
have to increase even more due to climate warming, that is 54 % more and 120 % more for a 1 and 5 ∘C warming,
respectively. We showed that modeled C inputs required to reach the target depended linearly on the initial SOC stocks, raising concern on the
feasibility of the 4 per 1000 objective in soils with a higher potential contribution to C sequestration, that is soils with high SOC stocks. Our
work highlights the challenge of increasing SOC stocks at a large scale and in a future with a warmer climate.
Temperate Oligocene surface ocean conditions offshore of Cape Adare, Ross Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Hoem Frida S. , Valero Luis , Evangelinos Dimitris , Escutia Carlota , Duncan Bella , McKay Robert M. , Brinkhuis Henk , Sangiorgi Francesca , Bijl Peter K.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Antarctic continental ice masses fluctuated considerably
during the Oligocene “coolhouse”, at elevated atmospheric CO2
concentrations of ∼600–800 ppm. To assess the role of the
ocean in the Oligocene ice sheet variability, reconstruction of past ocean
conditions in the proximity of the Antarctic margin is needed. While
relatively warm ocean conditions have been reconstructed for the Oligocene
offshore of Wilkes Land, the geographical extent of that warmth is unknown. In
this study, we reconstruct past surface ocean conditions from glaciomarine
sediments recovered from Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 274 offshore of
the Ross Sea continental margin. This site, located offshore of Cape Adare is
ideally situated to characterise Oligocene regional surface ocean
conditions, as it is situated between the colder, higher-latitude Ross Sea
continental shelf and the warm-temperate Wilkes Land margin in the
Oligocene. We first improve the age model of DSDP Site 274 using integrated
bio- and magnetostratigraphy. Subsequently, we analyse organic walled
dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and lipid biomarkers (TEX86, TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms) to
reconstruct surface palaeoceanographic conditions during the Oligocene
(33.7–24.4 Ma). Both TEX86-based sea surface temperature (SST) and
microplankton results show temperate (10–17 ∘C ± 5.2 ∘C) surface ocean conditions at Site 274 throughout the Oligocene.
Oceanographic conditions between the offshore Wilkes Land margin and Cape Adare
became increasingly similar towards the late Oligocene (26.5–24.4 Ma); this is
inferred to be the consequence of the widening of the Tasmanian Gateway,
which resulted in more interconnected ocean basins and frontal systems.
Maintaining marine terminations of terrestrial ice sheets in a proto-Ross Sea
with offshore SSTs that are as warm as those suggested by our data requires a strong ice flux
fed by intensive precipitation in the Antarctic hinterland during colder
orbital states but with extensive surface melt of terrestrial ice during
warmer orbital states.
The OH (3-1) nightglow volume emission rate retrieved from OSIRIS measurements: 2001 to 2015
Authors: Li Anqi , Roth Chris Z. , Bourassa Adam E. , Degenstein Douglas A. , Pérot Kristell , Christensen Ole Martin , Murtagh Donal P.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The OH airglow has been used to investigate the chemistry and dynamics of the mesosphere and the lower thermo-sphere (MLT) for a long time. The infrared imager (IRI) aboard the Odin satellite has been recording the nighttime 1.53 μm OH (3-1) emission for more than 15 years (2001–2015) and we have recently processed the complete data set. The newly derived data products contain the volume emission rate profiles and the Gaussian approximated layer height, thickness, peak intensity and zenith intensity, and their corresponding error estimates. In this study, we describe the retrieval steps of these data products. We also provide data screening recommendations. The monthly zonal averages depict the well known annual oscillation and semi-annual oscillation signatures, which demonstrate the fidelity of the data set (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4746506, Li et al. (2021)). The uniqueness of this Odin-IRI OH long-term data set makes it valuable for studying various topics, for instance, the sudden stratospheric warming events in the polar regions and solar cycle influences on the MLT.
Technical note: High accuracy weighing micro-lysimeter system for long-term measurements of non-rainfall water inputs to grasslands
Authors: Riedl Andreas , Li Yafei , Buchmann Nina , Eugster Werner
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Non-rainfall water (NRW), defined here as dew, hoar frost, fog, rime and water vapor adsorption, might be a relevant water source for ecosystems, especially during summer drought periods. These water inputs are often not considered in ecohydrological studies, because water amounts of NRW events are rather small and therefore difficult to measure. Here we present a novel micro-lysimeter (ML) system and its application which allows to quantify very small water inputs from NRW with an unprecedented high accuracy of ±0.25 g, which corresponds to ±0.005 mm water input. This is possible with an improved ML design paired with individual ML calibrations in combination with high-frequency measurements at 3.3 Hz and an efficient low-pass filtering to reduce noise level. With a set of ancillary sensors, the ML system furthermore allows differentiating between different types of NRW inputs: dew, hoar frost, fog, rime and the combinations among these, but also additional events when condensation on leaves is less probable, such as water vapor adsorption events. In addition, our ML system design allows to minimize deviations from natural conditions in terms of canopy and soil temperatures, plant growth and soil moisture. This is found to be a crucial aspect for obtaining realistic NRW measurements in short-statured grasslands. Our ML system has proven to be useful for high-accuracy, long-term measurements of NRW on short-statured vegetation like grasslands. Measurements with the ML system at a field site in Switzerland showed that NRW input occurred frequently with 127 events over 12 months, with a total NRW input of 15.9 mm. High average monthly NRW inputs were measured during summer months, suggesting a high ecohydrological relevance of NRW inputs for temperate grasslands.
Decision tree-based detection of blowing snow events in the European Alps
Authors: Xie Zhipeng , Ma Weiqiang , Ma Yaoming , Hu Zeyong , Sun Genhou , Han Yizhe , Hu Wei , Su Rongmingzhu , Fan Yixi
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Blowing snow processes are crucial in shaping the strongly heterogeneous spatiotemporal distribution of snow and in regulating subsequent snowpack evolution in mountainous terrain. Although empirical formulae and constant threshold wind speeds have been widely used to estimate the occurrence of blowing snow in regions with sparse observations, the scarcity of in situ observations in mountainous regions contrasts with the demands of models for reliable observations at high spatiotemporal resolution. Therefore, these methods struggle to accurately capture the high local variability of blowing snow. This study investigated the potential capability of the decision tree model (DTM) to detect blowing snow in the European Alps. The DTMs were constructed based on routine meteorological observations (mean wind speed, maximum wind speed, air temperature and relative humidity) and snow measurements (including in situ snow depth observations and satellite-derived products). Twenty repetitions of a random sub-sampling validation test with an optimal size ratio (0.8) between the training and validation subsets were applied to train and assess the DTMs. Results show that the maximum wind speed contributes most to the classification accuracy, and the inclusion of more predictor variables improves the overall accuracy. However, the spatiotemporal transferability of the DTM might be limited if the divergent distribution of wind speed exists between stations. Although both the site-specific DTMs and site-independent DTM show great ability in detecting blowing snow occurrence and are superior to commonly used empirical parameterizations, specific assessment indicators varied between stations and surface conditions. Events for which blowing snow and snowfall occurred simultaneously were detected the most reliably. Although models failed to fully reproduce the high frequency of local blowing snow events, they have been demonstrated to be a promising approach requiring limited meteorological variables and have the potential to scale to multiple stations across different regions.
Conditional simulation of spatial rainfall fields using random mixing: a study that implements full control over the stochastic process
Authors: Yan Jieru , Li Fei , Bárdossy András , Tao Tao
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The accuracy of spatial precipitation estimates with relatively high spatiotemporal resolution is of vital importance in various fields of research and practice. Yet the intricate variability and intermittent nature of precipitation make it very difficult to obtain accurate spatial precipitation estimates. Radars and rain gauges are two complementary sources of precipitation information: the former are inaccurate in general but are valid indicators of the spatial pattern of the rainfall field; the latter are relatively accurate but lack spatial coverage. Several radar–gauge merging techniques that can provide spatial precipitation estimates have been proposed in the scientific literature. Conditional simulation has great potential to be used in spatial precipitation estimation. Unlike commonly used interpolation methods, conditional simulation yields a range of possible estimates due to its Monte Carlo framework. However, one obstacle that hampers the application of conditional simulation in spatial precipitation estimation is the need to obtain the marginal distribution function of the rainfall field with sufficient accuracy. In this work, we propose a method to obtain the marginal distribution function from radar and rain gauge data. A conditional simulation method, random mixing (RM), is used to simulate rainfall fields. The radar and rain gauge data used in the application of the proposed method are derived from a stack of synthetic rainfall fields. Due to the full control over the stochastic process, the accuracy of the estimates is verified comprehensively. The results from the proposed approach are compared with those from three well-known radar–gauge merging techniques: ordinary Kriging, Kriging with external drift, and conditional merging, and the sensitivity of the approach to two factors – the number of rain gauges and the random error in the radar estimates – is analysed in the same experimental context.
Investigating Causal Factors of Shallow Landslides in Grassland Regions of Switzerland
Authors: Zweifel Lauren , Samarin Maxim , Meusburger Katrin , Alewell Christine
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Mountainous grassland slopes can be severely affected by soil erosion. To better understand the regional differences of soil erosion patterns, we determine the locations of shallow landslides across different sites and aim at identifying their triggering causal factors. Ten sites across Switzerland located in the Alps (8 sites), in foothill regions (1 site), and the Jura mountains (1 site) were selected for statistical evaluations. For the shallow landslide inventory, we used aerial images (0.25 m) with a deep learning approach (U-Net) to map the locations of eroded sites. We used logistic regression with a Group Lasso variable selection method to identify important explanatory variables for predicting the mapped shallow landslides. The set of variables consists of traditional susceptibility modelling factors and climate-related factors to represent local as well as cross-regional conditions. This set of explanatory variables (predictors) are used to develop individual site models (regional evaluation) as well as an all-in-one model (cross-regional evaluation) using all shallow landslide points simultaneously. While the local conditions of the ten sites lead to different variable selections, consistently slope and aspect were selected as the essential explanatory variables of shallow landslide susceptibility. Accuracy scores range between 70.2 and 79.8 % for individual site models. The all-in-one model confirms these findings by selecting slope, aspect as well as roughness as the most important explanatory variables (Accuracy = 72.3 %). Our finding suggest that traditional susceptibility variables describing geomorphological and geological conditions yield satisfactory results for all tested regions. However, for two sites with lower model accuracy, important processes may be under-represented with the available explanatory variables. The regression models for sites with an east-west oriented valley axis performed slightly better than models for north-south oriented valleys, which may be due to the influence of exposition related processes. Additionally, model performance is higher for Alpine sites, suggesting that core explanatory variables are understood for these areas.
Implementation of WRF-Hydro at two drainage basins in the region of Attica, Greece, for operational flood forecasting
Authors: Galanaki Elissavet , Lagouvardos Konstantinos , Kotroni Vassiliki , Giannaros Theodore , Giannaros Christos
Published: July 2021

Abstract. An integrated modeling approach for forecasting flood events is presented in the current study. An advanced flood forecasting model, which is based on the coupling of hydrological and atmospheric components, was used for a twofold objective: first to investigate the potential of a coupled hydrometeorological model to be used for flood forecasting at two medium-size drainage basins in the area of Attica (Greece) and second to
investigate the influence of the use of the coupled hydrometeorological
model on the precipitation forecast skill. For this reason, we used
precipitation and hydrometric in situ data for six flood events at two
selected drainage regions of Attica. The simulations were carried out with
the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (WRF-only) and the
WRF-Hydro system in a fully coupled mode, under which surface, subsurface, and channel hydrological processes were parameterized at a fine-resolution
grid of 95 m approximately. Results showed that the coupled WRF-Hydro system was capable of producing the observed discharge during the flood episodes, after the adequate calibration method applied at the studied basins. This outcome provides confidence that the model configuration under the two-way atmospheric–hydrological coupling is robust and, thus, can be used for operational flood forecasting purposes in the area of Attica. In addition, the WRF-Hydro model showed a tendency to slightly improve the simulated precipitation in comparison to the precipitation produced by the atmospheric-only version of the model (WRF), demonstrating the capability of the coupled WRF-Hydro model to enhance the precipitation forecast skill for operational flood predictions.
Intense windstorms in the northeastern United States
Authors: Letson Frederick W. , Barthelmie Rebecca J. , Hodges Kevin I. , Pryor Sara C.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Windstorms are a major natural hazard in many countries.
The objective of this study is to identify and characterize intense
windstorms during the last 4 decades in the US Northeast and determine
both the sources of cyclones responsible for these events and the manner in
which those cyclones differ from the cyclone climatology. The windstorm
detection is based on the spatial extent of locally extreme wind speeds at
100 m height from the ERA5 reanalysis database. During the top 10
windstorms, wind speeds exceed their local 99.9th percentile over
at least one-third of land-based ERA5 grid cells in this high-population-density region of the USA. Maximum sustained wind speeds at 100 m during
these windstorms range from 26 to over 43 ms−1, with wind speed return
periods exceeding 6.5 to 106 years (considering the top 5 % of grid cells
during each storm). Property damage associated with these storms, with inflation
adjusted to January 2020, ranges from USD 24 million to over USD 29 billion. Two of these windstorms are linked to decaying tropical cyclones,
three are Alberta clippers, and the remaining storms are Colorado lows. Two
of the 10 re-intensified off the east coast, leading to development of
nor'easters. These windstorms followed frequently observed cyclone tracks
but exhibit maximum intensities as measured using 700 hPa relative vorticity
and mean sea level pressure that is 5–10 times the mean values for
cyclones that followed similar tracks over this 40-year period. The
time evolution of wind speeds and concurrent precipitation for those
windstorms that occurred after the year 2000 exhibit good agreement with in
situ ground-based and remote sensing observations, plus storm damage
reports, indicating that the ERA5 reanalysis data have a high degree of
fidelity for large, damaging windstorms such as these. A larger pool of the
top 50 largest windstorms exhibit evidence of only weak serial clustering,
which is in contrast to the relatively strong serial clustering of
windstorms in Europe.
Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) for analysis of uroliths in caprine species
Authors: K. D. John Martin , K. D. John Martin , K. D. John Martin , K. D. John Martin , K. D. John Martin
Published: July 2021

Pathophysiology of obstructive urolithiasis in goats are multifactorial involving
management, nutritional and hormonal factors. Analysis of the composition of a particular urolith
would aid in understanding the aetiopathogenesis of the calculi which can facilitate establishment
of appropriate treatment and prevention protocols. Four cases of chronic obstructive urolithiasis
in male goats presented to University Veterinary Hospital were surgically managed by tube
cystotomy. The calculi extracted from the bladder were subjected to Fourier transform infrared
spectrophotometer with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) to identify the composition of the
calculi. The infrared wavelength bandwidths of H-O-H stretching vibrations, H-O-H bending modes
of vibrations of water molecules, N-H symmetric stretching vibrations, N-H bending vibration
and N-H asymmetric bending vibration in NH4+ unit’s ionic phosphate were compared with the
available reference spectrum of wavelength and were found to be identical and comparable with
the standard infrared wavelength of struvite calculi.