bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring the extent of the trend towards organizational improvisation: a survey study in the power stations of the northern region
Authors: Wasmi Yaseen Sarmad , H. Hassan Mhammed M.
Published: August 2022

The study aimed to measure the extent of the trend towards organizational improvisation in a number of power stations in the northern region, where the importance of improvisation increased with the organizations orientation to work in turbulent and complex environments, which includes decision-making in conditions of high uncertainty. Hence, the problem of the study emerged from raising a major question: To what extent are the administrations oriented towards organizational improvisation in the power stations of the northern region, the study sample. For the purpose of achieving the goal of the study, the study adopted the descriptive and analytical approach, and power stations (Qayyarah, Al-Mansour, Al Sharqiya, Baiji First, Baiji Second) were chosen as fields for the study. In the study, the researchers adopted the questionnaire as a main tool for that. The study reached several conclusions, the most important of which is the positive orientation of the surveyed stations’ administrations towards the practices of organizational improvisation in emergency conditions and crises that occur in the stations. Suggested developing an effective strategy to focus on organizational improvisation, and invest in individuals who have experience and directions towards discovering and exploiting opportunities.
Measuring the efficiency of a same financial markets at the weak level: Analytical study in a same local and international financial markets
Authors: Qader Aso Bahaulddin , Abdul Hamid Abdulaziz Shwish
Published: August 2022

The research aims to identify the test of the efficiency of the financial market at the weak level. As well as to make proposals that can be a seed for diagnosis and treatment, through a systematic framing that can lead investors, and to contribute to strengthening the movement of funds and investments then to positively reflected in economic activity and the financial market. Relying on published monthly data on market indices (Iraq, Egypt, Germany, and the United States) for the period from 2015 to 2020. Were used to measure market efficiency are Descriptive statistics, autocorrelation tests, and runs test. It indicates the inability of investors in the DAX30 index to reap high returns. The research also presented a set of proposals, perhaps the most important of which is to oblige the companies listed in the ISX60 index and the EGX30 index to strictly apply the disclosure requirements because of their impact on determining the level of efficiency of the financial market.
The Role of knowledge sharing in reducing the causes of organizational silence An Exploratory Study in The Applied research for a sample of nurses in Salah El-Din General Hospital
Authors: Hammad Ahmed Jadaan
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the research is to study the association and impact of knowledge sharing through its dimensions (pleasure in helping others, efficient self-knowledge, support for higher management, organizational incentives, use of information and communication technology). In reducing the causes of organizational silence (distrust towards managers, fear of breaking relationships or Stop it, fear of speaking out loud, fear of social isolation) in the health sector environment in Salah al-Din. The descriptive and analytical research method was adopted as the research relied on the deductive method. The research problem is embodied by the following question (What is the role of knowledge sharing in reducing the causes of organizational silence in Salah El-Din General Hospital?). The main research hypothesis is that there is a correlation and effect between knowledge sharing in its dimensions and the reduction of the causes of organizational silence in its dimensions. A sample of (146) individuals. A set of results, the most important of which is the existence of correlation and impact relationships at the macro and sub-level. The research recommends paying more and more attention to knowledge sharing for the purpose of completely eliminating the causes of organizational silence, and the research is unique in that it combines two variables in the environment of the Iraqi health sector, as well as dealing with the analytical aspect.
The impact of information technology components on process design decisions / a field study in the Oil Products Distribution Company / Kirkuk branch
Authors: Daowd Haider Sultan , Al-Hafidh Ali Abdelsattar
Published: August 2022

The study aimed to shed light on the role played by the information technology to achieve right decision in the field of processes design, To achieve this goal, the researchers relied on the descriptive analytical method, which focuses on studying the phenomenon as it exists in reality, as it is an accurate description and expresses it qualitatively and quantitatively. The Oil Products Distribution Company / Kirkuk branch was chosen as the field for the study, and in order to achieve the goal and answer the questions of the intellectual problem of the study, a hypothetical outline was built showing the correlation and influence relations between the study variables. A random sample of (266) respondents was selected from the employees of the Oil Products Distribution Company / Kirkuk branch, The questionnaire was relied on as a main tool for collecting data on the field part. As for the theoretical part, it was covered by relying on the contributions of researchers collected from Arab and foreign sources. The study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was the existence of a significant correlation and impact of information technology on process design decisions.
TRENDS AND ISSUES OF FOOD SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE WAR CONDITIONS
Authors:   Lviv University of Business and Law, Skrynkovskyy Ruslan , Horbonos Fedir ,   Lviv University of Business and Law, Tsyuh Svyatoslav ,   Lviv University of Business and Law, Khmyz Mariana ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Protseviat Oksana ,   State Institution «M. I. Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of the NAS of Ukraine», Kniaz Sviatoslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: August 2022

In the context of the Russіa’s war agaіnst Ukraіne, the issue of food security has become quite acute not only for Ukraine, but for the whole world. The Russian Federation is a terrorist state carrying out food terrorism with the aim of destroying the world (global) food security system and thus influencing the entire free world. The actions and war crimes of the Russian Federation during the war in Ukraine negatively affected the world economy, global food security, as well as the budgets of individual countries that were largely dependent on Ukrainian export of agricultural products. Considering the above, the purpose of the article is to study trends and issues (some aspects) of food security of Ukraine in the war conditions. Based on an analytical review and analysis, it was noted that more than 400 million people in the world depend on grain supplies from Ukraine, and the total amount of losses to the Ukrainian agricultural industry as a result of the Russіa’s war agaіnst Ukraіne, as of June 14, 2022, is already amounted to $4.29 billion. It is also stated that it is impossible even in the next 3-5 years to find alternative suppliers in the world (among the countries) and replace such volumes of agricultural products from Ukraine. In the context of this, is presented a plan of measures to ensure food security in the conditions of martial law, approved by the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 327-p dated April 29, 2022. It has been established that in order to protect and support Ukrainian agricultural production and ensure the sustainability of Ukraine's food security in a war (martial law), as well as to minimize any manifestations of the global food crisis, it is necessary to use all the tools and opportunities for Ukraine to influence global food policy, based on experience and real achievements of the leading positions in the global agricultural economy received by Ukraine, as well as to intensify and strengthen cooperation with partner countries, international and intergovernmental organizations, in particular with the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), on the transformation of food systems. The conclusion formulated that the Russian Federation is both a terrorist state and a state sponsor of terrorism.
Boosting CO2-to-CO Evolution Using a Bimetallic Diketopyrrolopyrrole Tethered Rhenium Bipyridine Catalyst
Authors: Carr Cody , Koenig Joshua , Grant Michael , Piers Warren , Welch Gregory
Published: August 2022

The use of homogenous electro- and photo- catalysis involving molecular catalysts offers valuable insight into reaction mechanisms as it relates to the structure-function of these tunable systems. However, supported molecular catalysts (i.e., hybrid electrodes) are multiplexed and not fully understood with regards to specific support-catalyst interactions. Even so, it still remains that catalyst activity for CO2 electroreduction can be tuned by modifying specific functional groups to achieve performance enhancement. Herein, a series of derivatized [Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl] catalysts were prepared with molecular structures having variability in both the number of Re-centers and π-conjugated diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) units. While tethering [Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl] to the DPP unit had a negligible effect on molecular electro- and photo- catalyst properties in organic solvent, the DPP chromophore enabled facile coupling of two [Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl] moieties. As a homogenous species, the bimetallic system effectively doubles the rate of CO2-to-CO conversion in the reaction-diffusion layer achieving a TOFCO = 1000 s-1 and FEco% = 98 % for up to 6 hours of electrolysis as the two catalytic centers act independently. Immobilization onto carbon hybrid electrodes was found to evolve H2, where the ratio of CO:H2 produced during electrolysis depended on both the molecular structure of the catalyst and the additive(s) to the carbon surface used to suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Introducing a commercial DPP-based polymer and/or colloid imprinted carbons (CICs) into carbon paper favours CO evolution from the catalyst by suppressing the HER at carbon and by dispersing the molecular catalyst across a larger more wettable surface to mitigate mass transport limitations. Once again, the bimetallic catalyst has the highest activity in comparison to the monometallic analogues, with a selectivity (FEco% = 53%), activity (TOF = 39 hr-1), and longevity (active for up to 5 hours) for CO2-to-CO evolution from aqueous electrolyte.
Constructing Calculus Concepts through Worksheet Based Problem-Based Learning Assisted by GeoGebra Software
Authors: Yerizon . , Arnawa I Made , Fitriani Nisa , Tajudin Nor’ain Mohd
Published: August 2022

This study aims to produce a valid, practical, and effective calculus learning worksheet using a problem-based learning method assisted by GeoGebra software in improving problem-solving skills. This worksheet serves as a guide to students in constructing the calculus concepts through the provided instructions according to the Problem-Based Learning syntax. Furthermore, the construction process was carried out using GeoGebra software. Students are given scaffolding to construct concepts. This research is development research. This study employs a Plomp model, which consists of three stages, namely the preliminary study, development or prototyping, and assessment phases. The subjects are 32 students in class XI.2 at the State Senior High School of 14 Padang. The results showed that the worksheet produced was valid, practical, and effective in improving students' problem-solving abilities. This implies that it would assist students in constructing calculus concepts. Furthermore, it showed that GeoGebra is capable of visualizing abstract calculus concepts, which enables students to understand higher mathematical thinking on the main concept of calculus. In conclusion, the use of GeoGebra in mathematics learning is able to help students construct mathematical concepts and improve their problem-solving abilities. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2022-03-03-04 Full Text: PDF
A case report of idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis
Authors: Makarevičius G. , Grigaitė J. , Jokubaitis M. , Klimašauskienė A.
Published: August 2022

Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis (IHP) is a condition characterised by diffuse or local thickening and fibrosis of dura matter caused by inflammation of unknown origin. It is a diagnosis of exclusion. Autoimmune disorders (notably ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and IgG4-related disease) pose one of the greatest diagnostic challenges in the differential diagnosis of hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP). When these conditions are concerned, differential diagnosis without biopsy could not be certain, as there are no specific clinical or radiological features of local (only CNS affecting) AAV, IgG4-related disease, and idiopathic HP. We present a case of a 63-year-old female who attended our department due to severe headache and diplopia. After extensive testing, IHP was diagnosed. However, the patient was reluctant to dural biopsy, leaving the possibility of AAV or IgG4-related disease. Since patients with IHP and secondary HP often exhibit similar clinical and radiological signs, dural biopsy is crucial for the diagnosis. The presented clinical case focuses on the importance of dural biopsy for the exclusion of secondary causes of HP and establishing a definite diagnosis.
PENGARUH KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN, INVESTASI DAN PENGANGGURAN TERHADAP PDRB DI PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA TAHUN 2005-2020
Authors: Abubakar Jariah , Khairani Fuji , Safwadi Irwan
Published: August 2022

This study examined the effect of inequality on income, investment, and unemployment in North Sumatra Province. This study used secondary data from 2005 to 2020. The data analysis method used was a Multiple Linear Regression with the help of the Eviews 10 program. The results partially indicated that income inequality positively and insignificantly influenced gross regional domestic products in North Sumatra Province, Investment positively and significantly influenced gross regional domestic products in North Sumatra Province. Unemployment negatively and insignificantly influenced gross regional domestic products in North Sumatra Province. Simultaneously, income inequality, investment, and unemployment positively and significantly influenced gross regional domestic products in North Sumatra Province. The magnitude of the effect of Inequality of Investment and Unemployment on Gross Regional Domestic Products in North Sumatra Province was 72.19%, while that of other variables in this model was 27.81%. The government should overcome unemployment to reduce income inequality, mobilize economic sectors and expand investment to increase Gross Regional Domestic Products in North Sumatra Province.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK, ANGKA PARTISIPASI SEKOLAH DAN TINGKAT PARTISIPASI ANGKATAN KERJA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI PADA 5 PROVINSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Shari Riska Mulya , Abubakar Jariah
Published: August 2022

This study examined the effect of population growth, school enrollment rate, and labor force participation rate on economic growth in five provinces in Indonesia, namely South Sulawesi, DI Yogyakarta, Gorontalo, North Maluku, and South Sumatra. This study used cross-section data of five provinces in Indonesia and time-series data during 2005-2020. The analysis method used was panel data with the help of E-Views10. The results partially showed that population growth positively and significantly influenced economic growth in five provinces in Indonesia, school participation rates did not negatively affect economic growth in five provinces in Indonesia, and labor force participation rates negatively affected economic growth in five provinces in Indonesia. Simultaneously, population growth, school enrollment rate, and labor force participation rate positively and significantly influenced economic growth in five provinces in Indonesia.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN UPAH BURUH TERHAP TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI PULAU SUMATERA
Authors: Santika Rati , Juliansyah Hijri
Published: August 2022

This study examined and analyzed the effect of economic growth and labor wages on the poverty rate of Sumatra Island. This study used secondary data from 2015 to 2019. The data analysis method used was panel data regression using Eviews 10. The results partially showed that economic growth had no significant effect on the poverty rate of Sumatra Island. Meanwhile, labor wages had a negative and significant effect on the poverty rate of Sumatra Island.
Understanding Research Data Practices of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate Students
Authors: Chen Xiaoju , Dommermuth Emily , Benner Jessica G. , Kuglitsch Rebecca , Lewis Abbey B. , Marsteller Matthew R. , Mika Katherine , Young Sarah
Published: August 2022

Research data management is essential for high-quality reproducible research, yet relatively little is known about how research data management is practiced by graduate students in Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE). Prior research suggests that faculty in CEE delegate research data management to graduate students, prompting this investigation into how graduate students practice data management. This study uses semi-structured interviews and qualitative content analysis to explore how CEE graduate students work with data and practice data management in their research, as well as what resources and support would meet their needs. Many respondents touched on data collection, data management, disseminating research outputs, and collaboration and learning in their interviews. Several themes emerged from the interviews: data quality as a concern, as many CEE graduate students rely on secondary data for research; a gap between values and enacted practices; a connection between disseminating data and reproducibility; and a reliance on peer and self-directed learning for data management education. Based on these themes, the study recommends strategies for librarians and others on campus to better support CEE graduate student research data practices.
Modelación hidráulica en Iber para prevención de inundaciones en la cuenca Tesechoacán
Authors: Gutiérrez García Jesús Valentín , Rubiños Panta Juan Enrique , Fernández Reynoso Demetrio Salvador , Ramírez Ayala Carlos , Roblero Hidalgo Rodrigo , Gutiérrez García Francisco Gerardo , Romero Sánchez Martín Enrique
Published: August 2022

La modelación de cuencas para el análisis hidráulico requiere estimar o contar con información de hidrogramas para utilizarlos como herramientas fundamentales para el estudio de inundaciones en épocas de crecidas o eventos extremos. En ese sentido, en el presente trabajo se realizó una modelación hidráulica 2D en Iber, con datos del huracán Matthew en el periodo del 26 de septiembre al 1 de octubre del 2010, para identificar y cuantificar las zonas con alta peligrosidad de inundación en la subcuenca Tesechoacán y, con ello, generar propuestas que ayuden a mitigar el impacto de acontecimiento futuros. Los resultados indicaron una superficie de 29 027.24 ha inundadas, con tirantes de hasta 7.45 m. También, se identificó que las zonas de mayor superficie con presencia de escurrimientos fueron las de pastizal cultivado y de agricultura, las cuales representaron 80.89 % del área total. En el mapa de peligrosidad, se observaron 33 localidades afectadas; de ellas, 56.9 % se catalogaron como zonas de peligrosidad alta. Debido a la poca información disponible, la validación del modelo se realizó mediante la comparación espacial de la llanura de inundación que se obtuvo en el modelo Iber, con una imagen SPOT 4 (HRVIR 1). El resultado fue una buena concordancia entre el modelo y la imagen de satélite. Finalmente, se propone para el control de inundaciones, el desazolve y la construcción de bordos marginales. Con base en la simulación realizada, la primera es una opción para disminuir hasta en 71 % el impacto de inundaciones en la subcuenca Tesechoacán.
Pengaruh Kompensasi Finansial dan Kompensasi Nonfinansial Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Kubu Raya
Authors: Supriadi Fenni
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial terhadap kepuasan kerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode asosiatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Kubu Raya dengan sampel sebanyak 44 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sampling jenuh. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda, analisis koefisien korelasi berganda, analisis koefisien determinasi, uji pengaruh simultan (Uji F) dan uji pengaruh parsial (Uji t). Hasil analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan persamaan Y = 0,630 + 0,220X1+ 0,647X2. Koefisien korelasi berganda (R) sebesar 0,729 yang berarti bahwa kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial memiliki hubungan yang kuat terhadap kepuasan kerja di Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,532 yang berarti pengaruh kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial terhadap kepuasan kerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Kubu Raya adalah sebesar 53,20% dan sisanya sebesar 46,80% dipengaruhi variabel lain di luar penelitian ini. Dengan menggunakan uji pengaruh simultan (Uji F) dapat diketahui bahwa nilai F hitung sebesar 23,275 > F tabel sebesar 3,23 sehingga Ha diterima artinya variabel kompensasi finansial dan variabel kompensasi non finansial secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap variabel kepuasan kerja. Dan uji pengaruh parsial (Uji t) kompensasi finansial terhadap kepuasan kerja dapat diketahui bahwa nilai t hitung sebesar 1,934 < t tabel sebesar 2,01954 sehingga Ho diterima dan Ha ditolak artinya tidak ada pengaruh variabel kompensasi finansial terhadap variabel kepuasan kerja. Sedangkan uji pengaruh parsial variabel kompensasi non finansial terhadap kepuasan kerja diketahui bahwa nilai t hitung sebesar 6,231 > t tabel sebesar 2,01954 sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima artinya ada pengaruh variabel kompensasi non finansial terhadap kepuasan kerja.
Winsor Phase Diagram of a Colloidal System from the Mixture of Water, Eugenol, and Tween 20
Authors: Hayuningtyas Afwa , Jitphongsaikul Pinyapat , Hamad Alwani
Published: August 2022

One factor that influenced colloidal structure is the composition of water, oil, and surfactant in the emulsions. This study aims to build a Winsor phase diagram of a mixture of water, eugenol, and Tween 20 and understand the physical differences in a range of micellar structures from the different compositions of the combinations. There were eleven samples with varying compositions of water, eugenol, and tween 20, and then were mixed and observed in parameters such as phase, appearance, and consistency. The results showed that the emulsion's compositions ingredients affected the character of the final emulsion. There were three categories of emulsions as described in the Winsor phase diagram. Water in oil (w/o) microemulsion was formed in the higher oil composition. In contrast, the lower oil content was macroemulsion/ coarse emulsion. The balance of oil and water composition was categorized as a bicontinuous microemulsion. This diagram will further help in constructing the suitable emulsion category for specific purposes.
Clavicle Dislocations in Family Physians Practice
Authors: Burianov Oleksandr , Kvasha Volodymyr , Omelchenko Taras , Chekushin Dmytro , Sobolevskiy Yuriy , Vovk Viktor
Published: August 2022

Dislocations of the clavicle are one of the most common injuries in people of different age groups, which require prompt diagnosis and timely treatment to prevent the development of complications, therefore, acknowledgment of general practitioners-family doctors in diagnosis and medical care for patients with dislocations of the clavicle is a necessary component of the professional competence.
Aim: to provide up-to-date information for distance self-learning of general practitioners – family doctors on the diagnosis and treatment of clavicle dislocations and conduct a test assessment of the acquired knowledge.
Materials and methods. The analysis of scientific and methodological medical literature and clinical cases from the practice of orthopedic traumatologists, concerning anatomy, classification, mechanisms of development, diagnosis, clinical picture, conservative and principles of surgical treatment of patients with dislocated clavicle is given in the article.
Results. A team of authors – orthopedic traumatologists – presented a review of the literature data and clinical cases of dislocation of the clavicle, on the basis of which educational material was formed for distance self-learning of the general practitioners – family doctors. The modern data on the mechanisms of development of dislocation of the clavicle, classification, clinical picture, depending on the type of dislocation are presented; recommendations for conservative treatment and indications for surgical intervention are given. Tests for self-control of knowledge after studying the presented material are given.
Conclusions. Knowledge of the management of patients with clavicle dislocation is a necessary component of the formation of professional competencies of a general practitioner – family doctor. The presented article for distance learning provides all the necessary up-to-date information to provide such knowledge.
Variability of the Social Desirability Levels in Children with Psoriasis
Authors: Murzina Elvina , Rokhletsova Yulianna , Yavorovska Olena
Published: August 2022

The objective: to evaluate the level of social desirability in children with psoriasis and its correlation with personal data and clinico-epidemiological features of the dermatosis.
Materials and methods. The levels of social desirability in children 8–12 years old with psoriasis were assessed by the social desirability subscale according to the CMAS questionnaire adapted by A.M. Prikhozhan. The dependence of the social desirability levels on the child’s personal data and clinico-epidemiological characteristics of psoriasis was analysed. The study materials were statistically processed using the StatTech v. 1.2.0 software.
Results. Only 2 out of 54 children with psoriasis had a critical level of social desirability equal to 9 points, forming the average social desirability level of 3 [3.0–6.75]. In the male children, the social desirability level was more than 2 times lower than in female children (р<0.001), and in children with an increased body mass index (7 [5.0–7.0]), the levels were significantly higher than in children with a normal body mass index (3 [2.0–4.0]) (р<0.001). In two-parent families, the social desirability level was significantly lower than in single-parent families (р<0.001).
In addition, statistically significant differences between the groups with respect to the pathological process spread (р=0.002) and the clinical forms of dermatosis (р<0.001) were established. The highest level of social desirability was observed in children with psoriasis of the scalp (6.0 [5.0–7.0]). It was found that in the group of boys with psoriasis, the social desirability level had increased with the child’s age (r=0.906; p<0.001), and in the group of girls, the social desirability level was significantly higher in case of prolonged disease exacerbation (7.0 [6.0–7.0]) compared to the exacerbation lasting up to 4 weeks (3.0 [2.0–4.0]) (p=0.021).
Conclusions. In children 8-12 years old with psoriasis, social desirability level is within the normal range, but the variability in its level was found, which was depended of different factors – childs’ personal characteristics, and clinical features of the pathological process. The level of social desirability depends on the gender, body mass index and the childs’ family composition. The components of the pathological process that determine the level of social desirability in children with psoriasis at the age of 8-12 years is the severity of psoriasis, the clinical form of dermatosis and the duration of the exacerbation of psoriasis for girls.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN, PRODUK DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP MINAT MENABUNG MAHASISWA DI BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Aswad Al , Patimbangi Andi
Published: August 2022

Artikel ini membahas mengenai pengaruh pengetahuan, produk dan promosi terhadap minat menabung mahasiswa di Bank Syariah. Minat menabung mahasiswa disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya pengetahuan, produk dan promosi. Pengetahuan merupakan semua informasi yang dimiliki oleh konsumen mengenai berbagai macam produk dan jasa, serta pengetahuan lainnya yang terkait dengan produk dan jasa tersebut dan informasi yang berhubungan dengan fungsinya sebagai konsumen. Produk adalah sebagai segala sesuatu yang dapat ditawarkan ke pasar untuk mendapatkan perhatian, dibeli, dipergunakan, atau dikonsumsi dan yang dapat memuaskan keinginan dan kebutuhan. Serta promosi adalah sarana yang paling ampuh untuk menarik dan mempertahankan nasabah. Sejauh ini belum ada yang meneliti ketiga variabel tersebut dan belum ada yang menjadikan mahasiswa sebagai sampel. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik ini digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan objek atau hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel Pengetahuan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat menabung mahasiswa di Bank Syariah dengan hasil 0,047 0,05. Variabel produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat menabung mahasiswa di Bank Syariah dengan hasil 0,038 0,05. Variabel Promosi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat menabung mahasiswa di Bank Syariah dengan hasil 0,008 0,05.
Factores determinantes en la producción de semillas de maíz, perspectiva de las empresas semilleras del Occidente de México
Authors: Ruiz-Ramírez Santiago , Bautista-Ramírez Edgardo , Ramírez-Díaz José Luis , Salinas-Moreno Yolanda , Alemán-De la Torre Ivone , Cortés-Cruz Moisés Alberto
Published: August 2022

Las semillas de variedades mejoradas son esenciales para aumentar el rendimiento de maíz, y, para obtenerlas y distribuirlas, el intercambio de información entre las instituciones públicas y privadas es clave. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los factores críticos en la producción de semillas de maíz, a través de la perspectiva de las empresas productoras de semilla, para mejorar y contribuir a su fortalecimiento. En 2019, 31 empresas de semillas fueron entrevistadas para obtener información referente a las generalidades de la corporación, actividades económicas, áreas de oportunidad, amenazas latentes y su opinión acerca de los maíces nativos. El aporte de material genético, tecnología y asesoramiento de las instituciones públicas son clave para el fortalecimiento de las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas de semillas. Amenazas como el cambio climático, el abandono del campo mexicano y un mercado cambiante pueden ser atendidas si todos los actores trabajan en forma conjunta.
Penyuluhan Pengasapan Ikan Cakalang Menggunakan Asap Cair di Desa Aketobatu Kec. Oba Tengah Kota Tidore Kepulauan
Authors: Suhardi  , Basuki Natal , Sidayat Mardiyani , Djumadil Nurdiyanawati , Ibrahim Karmila , Kaddas Fatmawati , Fatmawati Mila , Dewi Eka Kusuma
Published: August 2022

Desa Aketobatu di Kota Tidore Kepulauan merupakan daerah dengan sebahagian besar masyarakatnya memiliki mata pencaharian sebagai nelayan juga sebagai petani. Ibu Rumahtangga nelayan memproduksi ikan asap (ikan fufu) dengan memanfaatkan hasil tangkapan kepala keluarga berupa ikan cakalang. Metode pengasapan masih menggunakan model tradisional. Asap cair dapat digunakan dalam mengolah ikan asap dengan cara dioven sehingga meminimalisir pengolah ikan fufu terpapar asap yang dapat mengganggu kesehatnya. Juga dalam upaya peningkatan produksi dan nilai tambah produk berupa minimalisasi tar pada produk ikan fufu. Penyuluhan yang dilakukan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan pengolah ikan asap, hal ini ditunjang dengan keseriusan dan ketertarikan penerapan metode pengasapan ikan yang dilakukan oleh tim Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat. Penyuluhan dan pelatihan menyangkut bagaimana memproduksi ikan asap yang menggunakan asap cair dilakukan oleh tim agribisnis di Desa Aketobatu, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat local dalam memproses ikan asap yang sehat.
Thermal forcing expected to modulate convection in a mechanically forced stationary wave
Authors: Boos William , Pascale Salvatore
Published: August 2022

This is a reply to the comment by Lofverstrom and Thirumalai on our publication in Nature. That comment and this reply underwent peer review at Nature, and Nature declined to publish the exchange
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Comprehensive, Personalized, Medically Based Care Model on Adaptive Behavior Outcomes in Autism
Authors: Brandes-Aitken Anne , DiMarino Ernesto , Marco Elysa J , Hattangadi Neil , Goh Suzanne , Shapiro Kevin
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a medically centered, interdisciplinary treatment model on adaptive behavior in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The Cortica model involves a comprehensive program including behavioral and developmental therapies, overseen by a neurodevelopmental physician. We investigated the research question, how do adaptive behaviors change over time during care at Cortica? We analyzed change in the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition, over the course of Cortica care compared to standard care, represented by longitudinal data from the National Database for Autism Research (NDAR). Using propensity score weights to match cohorts based on baseline functioning, multilevel growth curve models showed significant Cohort × Time interactions for the Adaptive Behavior Composite score and all subscale scores, indicating increased growth in adaptive behavior skills for children in the Cortica cohort relative to NDAR.Results of this study highlight the importance of using adaptive behaviors as a primary outcome in clinical research studies.
Instructor Perceptions of Students in Developmental Math Correlates with Student Math Anxiety and Interest in Math
Authors: Smith Tamarah , McMahon Annie
Published: August 2022

Math anxiety is a strong predictor of failure in math and students in developmental math courses are more likely to experience math anxiety. The causes of math anxiety are vast but include the way in which students perceive their instructors and instructors perceive their students. We sought to examine whether these perceptions were related to math anxiety and math interest and if these relationships differed between students in developmental math courses and college level math courses. Data from N=103 college students and their math instructors were collected measuring math anxiety and interest and student and instructor perceptions of each other. Results showed that instructor perceptions was negatively related to math anxiety and math interest for studnets in developmental math courses. This suggests that efforts to reduce math anxiety among studnets in developmental math courses should not just be student focused but also instructor focused.
Structural connectivity of an interoception network in schizophrenia
Authors: Yao Beier , Gu Pan , Lasagna Carly A , Peltier Scott , Taylor Stephan F. , Tso Ivy Fei , Thakkar Katharine N.
Published: August 2022

Interoception refers to the processing, integration, and interpretation of bodily signals by the brain. Interoception is key to not only basic survival, but also many cognitive processes, especially motivational and affective functioning. There is emerging evidence suggesting altered interoception in schizophrenia, but few studies have explored their potential neural underpinning. The current study aims to investigate the anatomical connectivity of a previously identified interoception network in individuals with schizophrenia, and the relationship between structural connectivity in this network and both emotional functioning and clinical symptoms. Thirty-five participants with schizophrenia (SZ) and 36 healthy control participants (HC) underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and performed tasks measuring emotional functioning. Probabilistic tractography was used to identify white matter tracts connecting key hubs in an interoception network (rostral and caudal anterior cingulate cortex, ventral anterior insula, dorsal mid and posterior insula, and amygdala). Microstructural integrity of these tracts was compared across groups and correlated with measures of emotional functioning and symptom severity. Compared with HC, SZ exhibited altered structural connectivity in the interoception network, specifically between the amygdala and the insular cortex. In HC, the structural connectivity of the network was significantly correlated with emotion recognition, supporting a link between the interoception network and emotional functioning. However, this correlation was much weaker in SZ, suggesting less involvement of this network. These findings suggest that altered interoception may have implications for illness mechanisms of schizophrenia, especially in relation to emotional deficits.
कुसि निबन्धय् प्रगतिवाद
Authors: सिं Sing लसता Lasata
Published: August 2022

साहित्यया प्यंगू विधा कविता, आख्यान, नाटक व निबन्ध मध्ये छगू न्हूगु उत्कृष्ट गद्य साहित्य विधा निबन्ध खः । १६औं शताब्दी फ्रान्सं शुरु जूगु निबन्ध विधा नेपालभाषा साहित्य खेलय्‌ झण्डै सोसःत्या दँ लिपातिनि खनेदत । थोहे झ्वलय्‌ आधुनिक निबन्धकारया रूपय्‌ खनेदुम्ह छम्ह निबन्धकार पद्मरत्न तुलाधर खः । पद्मरत्न तुलाधरया निबन्ध नेपालभाषा साहित्य खेलय्‌ सफल निबन्ध कथं दुथ्यागु दु । पद्मरत्नया बुलुमि निबन्ध पुचः(नेसं १०८३), बाथरुम मेमेगु निबन्ध (नेसं ११३२) व लुमं लुमं न्ह्याइपुसे च्वं ! (नेसं ११३५) यानाः सोंगू निबन्ध संग्रह पिदंगु दु । थुगु चोसुइ बुलुमि निबन्ध संग्रहय्‌ दुथ्याःगु झिपु निबन्धमध्ये कुसि निबन्धयात जक दुवालाः कुसि निबन्धयात प्रगतिवादी सिद्घान्तया आधारय्‌ विश्लेषण जूगु दु । अथे हे प्रगतिवाद सिद्धान्तयात छेलाः निबन्धय्‌ दुथ्याःगु मूल्य मान्यता, बिचा:, चिन्तनया विश्लेषण जूगू दु । चोसुया लागि प्राथमिक जोलंकथं बुलुमि निबन्ध संग्रहयात नालातःगु दुसा द्वितीयक स्रोतकथं पद्मरत्न तुलाधर व वय्‌कःया विषयवस्तुलिसे स्वापू दुगु प्रकाशित थीथी सफू व लेख रचनात संकलन यानाः अध्ययन जूगु दु ।
Failure Analysis on Soldered Ball Grid Arrays: Part I
Authors: Vogel Gert
Published: August 2022

This article is the first in a two-part series analyzing solder connection failures between BGA packages and PCB assemblies. Part I examines failures attributed to oxygen intrusion during reflow, underetched solder resist, and solder paste printing problems. In the latter case, X-ray inspection revealed no abnormalities other than a variation in ball size. To get to the root cause, the corpus of the BGA was progressively ground away, leaving only the balls and an unobstructed view of the PCB surface. A description of the process, supported by detailed images, is included in the article. In Part II, scheduled for the May 2017 issue of EDFA, the author delves deeper into the analysis of voids and presents an alternate FA approach that involves grinding away much of the PCB.
Traps and Charges
Authors: Burgess David
Published: August 2022

This article explains how oxide traps and mobile ions can lead to timing and function failures in ICs and provides insights and advice on how to identify and deal with potential problems.
Advantages and Challenges of 3-D Atom Probe Tomography Characterization of FinFETs
Authors: Martin Andrew J. , Kambham Ajay Kumar , Katnani Ahmad D.
Published: August 2022

This article provides an overview of atom probe tomography (APT) and its use in semiconductor FA and new product development. It discusses the basic components in an atom probe, the making of APT tips, and the general approach for data collection and reconstruction. It also includes a case study in which 3D atom probe techniques are used to map dopant profiles and identify defects in the source-drain region of SiGe FinFET transistors.
Recent Innovations in Ex Situ Lift Out Applications and Techniques
Authors: Giannuzzi Lucille A.
Published: August 2022

Ex-situ lift out (EXLO) techniques rely on van der Waals forces to transfer FIB milled specimens to various types of carriers using a glass probe micromanipulator. This article describes some of the latest EXLO techniques for site specific scanning transmission electron microscopy, including the use slotted half-grids and vacuum-assisted lift out for plan-view analysis.
Semiconductor Yield Modeling: A Primer
Authors: Hopkins John
Published: August 2022

The ratio of good to bad die on a production wafer can range from less than 10% to well over 90%, depending on the process and the complexity of the design. This article provides an overview of the modeling approaches used to predict wafer yield. It explains how to account for relative circuit complexity, systematic and random defects, and defect clustering. As the examples in the article show, with just a basic understanding of yield models, readers can estimate expected yield losses and identify abnormal yield results for a given design.
Geolocation of Cu Wires During Sensitive IC Acid Decapsulation
Authors: Obein Michael
Published: August 2022

Copper wires are susceptible to damage during acid decapsulation and must be protected by stopping the process at the right moment. This article describes the development and evaluation of a method that uses polarization current measurements for end-of-etch detection and subsequent rinse.
Failure Risk Assessment of Laser Diode Stacks for a Martian Application
Authors: Thin Guillaume , Bourcier Frédéric , Moisan Hervé
Published: August 2022

This article describes the qualification process for a 1.8 kW laser diode stack designed for the Mars Curiosity rover. The seven-bar stack serves as the optical pump in a boom-mounted spectroscope attached to the front of the rover. Each laser bar is made of 62 single emitters and generates 260 W of instantaneous optical power. A detailed design analysis of the diode stack is presented along with the results of overstress testing and failure analysis.
Large Area Automated Deprocessing of Integrated Circuits: Present and Future
Authors: Principe E.I. , Russell Z.E. , DiDona S.T. , Therezien M. , Kempshall B.W. , Scammon K.E. , Hagen J.J.
Published: August 2022

This article discusses the current state of large area integrated circuit deprocessing, the latest achievements in the development of automated deprocessing equipment, and the potential impact of advancements in gas-assisted etching, ion source alternatives, compact spectroscopy, and high-speed lasers.
Post-FIB Cleaning of TEM Specimens from 14 nm and Other FinFETs by Concentrated Argon Ion Milling
Authors: Bonifacio Cecile , Campin Michael , McIlwrath Kevin , Fischione Paul
Published: August 2022

TEM specimens prepared using a Ga FIB are susceptible to artifacts, such as surface amorphization and ion-implanted layers, that can be problematic in advanced technology nodes, particularly for FinFETs. As this article shows, however, post-FIB cleaning via concentrated argon ion milling makes for a fast and effective specimen preparation process for FinFET devices controlled to a thickness of less than 20 nm. Although the results presented here are based on 14 nm node FinFETs, the method is also applicable to the 10 and 7 nm FinFET technologies currently in production.
A Dedicated Synchrotron Beamline Suite for Enhanced Validation of Integrated Circuits
Authors: Principe E.L.
Published: August 2022

This column discusses the potential benefits of developing a dedicated synchrotron-based tool suite for advanced, high-throughput characterization, deprocessing, and validation of ICs.
Computational Failure Analysis of Resistive RAM Used as a Synapse in a Convolutional Neural Network for Image Classification
Authors: Lakshmana Prabhu Nagaraj , Raghavan Nagarajan
Published: August 2022

Various NVM technologies are being explored for neuromorphic system realization, including resistive RAM, ferroelectric RAM, phase change RAM, spin transfer torque RAM, and NAND flash. This article discusses the potential of RRAM for such applications and evaluates key performance and reliability metrics in the context of neural network image classification. The authors conclude that the accuracy-power tradeoff may be further improved using alternative material stacks and multi-layer dielectrics so as to achieve better control of the oxygen vacancy or metallic filamentation process that governs RRAM switching characteristics.
Security Assessment of IC Packaging Against Optical Attacks
Authors: Xi Chengjie , Khan Aslam A. , Tanjidur Rahman M. , Asadizanjani Navid
Published: August 2022

The inverted orientation of a flip-chip packaged die makes it vulnerable to optical attacks from the backside. This article discusses the nature of that vulnerability, assesses the threats posed by optical inspection tools and techniques, and provides insights on effective countermeasures.
EDFAS User Groups Series 2021 Highlights
Authors: Gandhi Tejinder , Madan Anita , Kolasa Ted
Published: August 2022

This article provides a recap and summaries of the EDFAS Virtual User Group Workshop held in January 2021. The summaries cover key participants, presentation topics, and discussion highlights from the Focused Ion Beam, Sample Preparation, Contactless Probing and Nanoprobing, and System on Package virtual group meetings.
Triboelectric Charging Damage in Silicon-on-Insulator Devices
Authors: Tangyunyong Paiboon
Published: August 2022

Integrated circuits are subjected to various forms of friction during fabrication and packaging, creating potential problems due to the buildup of charge. This article looks at the distinct characteristics of triboelectric charging damage on silicon-on-insulator devices at the wafer and package level. Telltale signs of this type of damage include spatial dependency, distinct TIVA-signal patterns, and bimodal static current distributions with significant changes after burn-in.
The exigency of ICT Resources on Teaching and Learning in South African Primary Schools
Authors: Ntsobi Mfanelo Patrick
Published: August 2022

The effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the teaching and learning fraterinity has globally necessitated its integration in the classroom. Nevertheless, it is important to note that the quest for Integration in individual school contexts remains an uphill task in-spite of ICT integration being a policy prerogative in a number of countries. This survey has the sole objective of unpacking how the teaching and learning process has been affected due to lack of ICT resources. By use of a simple questionnaire, the researcher made use of semi-structured interviews in order to solicit data from educators in selected South African primary schools. The interviews were transcribed manually and coded. The data analysis process was conducted by use of a thematic mode of analysis. The findindings thereof demonstrated that, due to many reasons, many schools do not make use of ICT tools in teaching and learning, as expected, and, in most cases, they do not maximise of the use of the existing resources, thus affecting the teaching and learningn processes. The reasearcher recommends that the South African Department of Basic Education (DBE) seriously takes into consideration individual school contexts when allocating ICT resources in order to try and mitigate the challenges. Stepping up the monitoring and evaluation mechanisms that are currently at play will help identify contextual challenges and the provision of assistance where necessary. Security issues also call for schools to team up with local communities to try and fight the theft and vandalization of IT resources. All these measures are meant to facilitate the preservation and use of ICT resources in the classroom for the betterment of the learning process.