bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neurobiological Mechanisms of Responding to Injustice
Authors: Stallen Mirre , Rossi Filippo , Heijne Amber , Smidts Ale , De Dreu Carsten K.W. , Sanfey Alan G.
Published: February 2018

People are particularly sensitive to injustice. Accordingly, deeper knowledge regarding the processes that underlie the perception of injustice, and the subsequent decisions to either punish transgressors or compensate victims, is of important social value. By combining a novel decision-making paradigm with functional neuroimaging, we identified specific brain networks that are involved with both the perception of, and response to, social injustice, with reward-related regions preferentially involved in punishment compared with compensation. Developing a computational model of punishment allowed for disentangling the neural mechanisms and psychological motives underlying decisions of whether to punish and, subsequently, of how severely to punish. Results show that the neural mechanisms underlying punishment differ depending on whether one is directly affected by the injustice, or whether one is a third-party observer of a violation occurring to another. Specifically, the anterior insula was involved in decisions to punish following harm, whereas, in third-party scenarios, we found amygdala activity associated with punishment severity. Additionally, we used a pharmacological intervention using oxytocin, and found that oxytocin influenced participants' fairness expectations, and in particular enhanced the frequency of low punishments. Together, these results not only provide more insight into the fundamental brain mechanisms underlying punishment and compensation, but also illustrate the importance of taking an explorative, multimethod approach when unraveling the complex components of everyday decision-making.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe perception of injustice is a fundamental precursor to many disagreements, from small struggles at the dinner table to wasteful conflict between cultures and countries. Despite its clear importance, relatively little is known about how the brain processes these violations. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, we combine methods from neuroscience, psychology, and economics to explore the neurobiological mechanisms involved in both the perception of injustice as well as the punishment and compensation decisions that follow. Using a novel behavioral paradigm, we identified specific brain networks, developed a computational model of punishment, and found that administrating the neuropeptide oxytocin increases the administration of low punishments of norm violations in particular. Results provide valuable insights into the fundamental neurobiological mechanisms underlying social injustice.
Risk Factors and Mortality Associated with Multimorbidity in People with Stroke or Transient Ischaemic Attack: A Study of 8,751 UK Biobank Participants
Authors: Gallacher Katie I. , McQueenie Ross , Nicholl Barbara , Jani Bhautesh D. , Lee Duncan , Mair Frances S.
Published: February 2018

Background

Multimorbidity is common in stroke, but the risk factors and effects on mortality remain poorly understood.

Objective

To examine multimorbidity and its associations with sociodemographic/lifestyle risk factors and all-cause mortality in UK Biobank participants with stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).

Design

Data were obtained from an anonymized community cohort aged 40–72 years. Overall, 42 comorbidities were self-reported by those with stroke or TIA. Relative risk ratios demonstrated associations between participant characteristics and number of comorbidities. Hazard ratios demonstrated associations between the number and type of comorbidities and all-cause mortality. Results were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, smoking, and alcohol intake. Data were linked to national mortality data. Median follow-up was 7 years.

Results

Of 8,751 participants (mean age 60.9±6.7 years) with stroke or TIA, the all-cause mortality rate over 7 years was 8.4%. Over 85% reported ≥1 comorbidities. Age, socioeconomic deprivation, smoking and less frequent alcohol intake were associated with higher levels of multimorbidity. Increasing multimorbidity was associated with higher all-cause mortality. Mortality risk was double for those with ≥5 comorbidities compared to those with none. Having cancer, coronary heart disease, diabetes, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease significantly increased mortality risk. Presence of any cardiometabolic comorbidity significantly increased mortality risk, as did any non-cardiometabolic comorbidity.

Conclusions

In stroke survivors, the number of comorbidities may be a more helpful predictor of mortality than type of condition. Stroke guidelines should take greater account of comorbidities, and interventions are needed that improve outcomes for people with multimorbidity and stroke.
Problematic Issuance of Land Rights Certificate
Authors: Wafa Moh Ali
Published: February 2018

Many people who have not registered ownership rights so that they have no protection andlegal certainty due to several factors: First, factor of land ownership history. Second,community psychology. Third, weakness of land registration rules. Fourth, executorimplementation, intervention BPHTB legislation and other fees. Fifth, the mechanism ofregistration of land is too expensive for the community both procedure and registration fee.The Solution and effort to minimize the occurrence of land disputes society are: first, bypreventing the land dispute case is not repeated. Second, the government immediatelysocialize what and how the issuance of land certificates and the purpose of certificates. Third,If there is dispute in the court that the object is not certified land, the court notifies the urbanvillage and local BPN to block the transaction or the transition of the land immediately. Fourth,each transaction or transition of land with proof of ownership in the form of girik, the witness inthe transaction should be the Village Head and the BPN officer, and fifth, it is better if there island dispute in the court, at least one judge from land law expert, such as non-academicjudges (academics). DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i2.7089
Early Placement of Dental Implants in Maxillary Sinus Grafted With Leukocyte and Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral
Authors: Pichotano Elton Carlos , de Molon Rafael Scaf , Freitas de Paula Luiz Guilherme , de Souza Ricardo Violante , Marcantonio Elcio , Zandim-Barcelos Daniela Leal
Published: February 2018

This case report aimed to describe the effects of leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) associated with demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and absorbable collagen membrane (CM) on bone regeneration in maxillary sinus augmentation. A 59-year-old male patient was referred to the Department of Periodontology for implant rehabilitation of his edentulous upper jaw. The treatment plan involved maxillary sinus augmentation followed by implant installations. A split-mouth design was employed in which the right maxillary sinus was filled using L-PRF, DBBM, and CM; the left side was filled with DBBM and CM. After 4 and 8 months postoperatively, 2 dental implants were installed in each of the right and left maxillary sinuses. Cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) was taken before and after sinus augmentation for evaluation of tridimensional bone volume alterations. Bone biopsies were harvested from the implant sites for histomorphometric evaluation. Resonance frequency analysis was employed immediately after implant placement and before prosthetic rehabilitation for evaluation of implant stability. Implants were loaded 10 months after sinus augmentation. CBCT analysis showed a higher resorption rate in the right side of the maxillary sinus (L-PRF + DBBM) compared to the left side (22.25% and 8.95%, respectively). Implant stability quotients were above 68 in all time-points for both groups. Histomorphometric analysis showed a high amount of newly formed bone when L-PRF was used compared with DBBM alone (2 118 102 and 975 535 mm3, respectively). Taken together, both techniques were effective for maxillary sinus augmentation, however the addition of L-PRF to the graft allowed early implant placement and accelerated bone healing in the conditions studied.
The experience of an Academic League: the positive impact on knowledge about trauma and emergency
Authors: TEDESCHI LUCIANA THURLER , RIGOLON LUIZ PAULO JUNQUEIRA , MENDES FLÁVIO DE OLIVEIRA , FISCHMANN MARIANNA MARTINI , KLEIN ISABELLA DE ALMEIDA , BALTAR VALÉRIA TRONCOSO
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the knowledge growth of the members of the Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency League in comparison with a nonparticipating group, with similar characteristics, at the Fluminense Federal University. Methods: we evaluated 50 league members and 50 non-members (control group) through questionnaires applied at the beginning and end of a school year. We used a generalized linear model, with interaction effect between groups and tests (multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction). We included the following control variables: gender, period, age, and attendance to some other course on a similar topic. Results: there was an increase of 22 percentage points (p<0.001) for the group with more than 75% presence in the League compared with the eight points in the control group (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant growth for the group with less than 75% presence. Conclusion: the growth of knowledge was significantly higher in the group that assiduously participated in the League, which reinforces its importance in complementing the traditional content of medical courses.
Basic ultrasound training assessment in the initial abdominal trauma screening
Authors: OLIVEIRA LUAN GERALDO OCAÑA , TAGLIARI DEBORA , BECKER MARIANA JULIATO , ADAME THIAGO , CRUVINEL NETO JOSÉ , SPENCER NETTO FERNANDO ANTÔNIO CAMPELO
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the efficiency and usefulness of basic ultrasound training in trauma (FAST - Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma) for emergency physicians in the primary evaluation of abdominal trauma. Methods: a longitudinal and observational study was carried out from 2015 to 2017, with 11 emergency physicians from Hospital Universitário do Oeste do Paraná, submitted to ultrasound training in emergency and trauma (USET® - SBAIT). FAST results started to be collected two months after the course. These were compared with a composite score of complementary exams and surgical findings. Information was stored in a Microsoft Excel program database and submitted to statistical analysis. Results: FAST was performed in 120 patients. In the study, 38.4% of the assessed patients had a shock index ≥0.9. The composite score detected 40 patients with free peritoneal fluid, whereas FAST detected 27 cases. The method sensitivity was 67.5%, specificity was 98.7%, the positive predictive value was 96.4%, the negative predictive value was 85.39% and accuracy was 88%. All those with a positive FAST had a shock index ≥0.9. Fifteen patients with positive FAST and signs of instability were immediately submitted to surgery. Conclusions: the basic training of emergency physicians in FAST showed efficiency and usefulness in abdominal trauma assessment. Due to its low cost and easy implementation, this modality should be considered as a screening strategy for patients with abdominal trauma in health systems.
Ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana: uma análise multivariada dos circuitos espaciais de produção, Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2007 a 2011
Authors: Temponi Andrea Oliveira Dias , Brito Mariana Gontijo de , Ferraz Marcela Lencine , Diniz Soraia de Araújo , Cunha Tarcísio Neves da , Silva Marcos Xavier
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi explicar a associação dos fatores socioambientais e dos grandes usos da terra com a ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) nos circuitos espaciais de produção, no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico do tipo analítico, baseado em dados secundários de casos de LTA dividido por triênio, no período entre 2007 a 2011, cujas unidades de análise foram os municípios pertencentes aos circuitos espaciais. Duas etapas distintas foram realizadas, sendo a elaboração de mapas temáticos com a identificação dos circuitos a primeira, e na segunda etapa um novo indicador casos de LTA por densidade demográfica foi associado com indicadores socioambientais e dos grandes usos da terra submetidos à análise multivariada de componentes principais (ACP). Para o período avaliado, identificou-se três circuitos distribuídos nas mesorregiões Norte de Minas Gerais, Vale do Rio Doce e Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Houve forte associação dos casos de LTA por densidade demográfica com lavoura temporária, pastagem natural, floresta natural, terras inaproveitáveis e população rural, e uma fraca associação com pastagem plantada. A associação de casos com variáveis dos grandes usos da terra em diferentes perfis agropecuários demonstra o caráter ocupacional da LTA, associado principalmente com trabalhadores da zona rural. A associação da doença com as variáveis ambientais e deficiência das condições de saneamento básico também demonstram relevância no perfil de transmissão nos circuitos espaciais de produção em Minas Gerais.
Quantile regression of nonlinear models to describe different levels of dry matter accumulation in garlic plants
Authors: Puiatti Guilherme Alves , Cecon Paulo Roberto , Nascimento Moysés , Nascimento Ana Carolina Campana , Carneiro Antônio Policarpo Souza , Silva Fabyano Fonseca e , Puiatti Mário , Oliveira Ana Carolina Ribeiro de
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT: Plant growth analyses are important because they generate information on the demand and necessary care for each development stage of a plant. Nonlinear regression models are appropriate for the description of curves of growth, since they include parameters with practical biological interpretation. However, these models present information in terms of the conditional mean, and they are subject to problems in the adjustment caused by possible outliers or asymmetry in the distribution of the data. Quantile regression can solve these problems, and it allows the estimation of different quantiles, generating more complete and robust results. The objective of this research was to adjust a nonlinear quantile regression model for the study of dry matter accumulation in garlic plants (Allium sativum L.) over time, estimating parameters at three different quantiles and classifying each garlic accession according to its growth rate and asymptotic weight. The nonlinear regression model fitted was a Logistic model, and 30 garlic accessions were evaluated. These 30 accessions were divided based on the model with the closest quantile estimates; 12 accessions were classified as of lesser interest for planting, 6 were classified as intermediate, and 12 were classified as of greater interest for planting.
CHARACTERIZING LANDSCAPE SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY USING SEMIVARIOGRAM PARAMETERS DERIVED FROM NDVI IMAGES
Authors: Silveira Eduarda Martiniano de Oliveira , Mello José Márcio de , Acerbi Júnior Fausto Weimar , Reis Aliny Aparecida dos , Withey Kieran Daniel , Ruiz Luis Angel
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Assuming a relationship between landscape heterogeneity and measures of spatial dependence by using remotely sensed data, the aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of semivariogram parameters, derived from satellite images with different spatial resolutions, to characterize landscape spatial heterogeneity of forested and human modified areas. The NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) was generated in an area of Brazilian amazon tropical forest (1,000 km²). We selected samples (1 x 1 km) from forested and human modified areas distributed throughout the study area, to generate the semivariogram and extract the sill (σ²-overall spatial variability of the surface property) and range (φ-the length scale of the spatial structures of objects) parameters. The analysis revealed that image spatial resolution influenced the sill and range parameters. The average sill and range values increase from forested to human modified areas and the greatest between-class variation was found for LANDSAT 8 imagery, indicating that this image spatial resolution is the most appropriate for deriving sill and range parameters with the intention of describing landscape spatial heterogeneity. By combining remote sensing and geostatistical techniques, we have shown that the sill and range parameters of semivariograms derived from NDVI images are a simple indicator of landscape heterogeneity and can be used to provide landscape heterogeneity maps to enable researchers to design appropriate sampling regimes. In the future, more applications combining remote sensing and geostatistical features should be further investigated and developed, such as change detection and image classification using object-based image analysis (OBIA) approaches.
GENERAL HEIGHT-DIAMETER EQUATION WITH BIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES FOR Pinus taeda L. STANDS
Authors: Téo Saulo Jorge , Machado Sebastião do Amaral , Figueiredo Filho Afonso , Tomé Margarida
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to develop an equation with biological attributes and general applicability, to represent the height-diameter relationship for Pinus taeda L. stands, with and without thinning, in the Middle West region of Santa Catarina state, Brazil. The data came from 652 permanent plots, with 428 to 740 m2, located in forest stands with ages ranging from 4.6 to 35.2 years, in which the total heights of about 20% of the trees were measured, in addition to the dominant trees. The functions developed by Harrison, Michailoff, Prodan and Stoffels & Van Soest were fitted with their parameters linear function of stand variables, based on the Gauss-Newton algorithm. In general, the Harrison model, fitted with the parameter linear function of age (t), site index (S), coefficient of variation of the tree diameters in the plot (CV d ) and basal area of the plot (G), showed the best statistical performance to represent the height-diameter relationship, biological consistency and general applicability for stands of Pinus taeda.
CONSTRUINDO E ESTABILIZANDO CIDADES, CASAS E PESSOAS
Authors: Guedes André Dumans
Published: February 2018

Resumo Este artigo desenvolve-se a partir de um diálogo com aquelas etnografias recentes que se propõem a investigar o modo como se relacionam as casas e seus habitantes, postulando assim a rentabilidade heurística de descrições na qual esses elementos são pensados como se produzindo e se transformando juntos. Radicalizando tal proposta, mostro aqui que também as cidades podem ser incorporadas a esses quadros analíticos que se pretendem unitários, unificados e monistas. Inspirado por certas ideias e formulações dos moradores da cidade de Minaçu, no norte do estado de Goiás, invisto num arcabouço descritivo que mostra como as cidades, as casas e as pessoas são concomitantemente afetadas pelos mesmos processos e tensões, emblematicamente expressos pela oposição entre sossego e descontrole. Para tanto, examino essas transformações recentes que sugerem que esta cidade está deixando de ser uma zona de fronteira, um local instável e perigoso, repleto de forasteiros e aventureiros, para se “estabilizar” e se tornar uma localidade pacata e respeitável.
COLEÇÃO WILLIAM LIPKIND DO MUSEU NACIONAL: TRILHAS ANTROPOLÓGICAS BRASIL-ESTADOS UNIDOS
Authors: Lima Filho Manuel Ferreira
Published: February 2018

Resumo O artigo versa sobre a construção da “Coleção Karajá William Lipkind” composta por 527 (454 localizados) artefatos do acervo do Setor de Etnologia e Etnografia do Museu Nacional, realizada pelo antropólogo estadunidense William Lipkind. Filho de emigrantes judeus-russos, Lipkind chega ao Brasil num período de eminência da Segunda Guerra Mundial, quando permanece por 14 meses, de 1938 a 1939, entre os Karajá do vale do Araguaia. Sua pesquisa é mediada pela diretora do Museu Nacional, Heloísa Alberto Torres que recebe igualmente outros estudantes da Universidade de Columbia, como Buell Quain, Ruth Landes e Charles Wagley. O estudo dos itinerários da coleção de William Lipkind, entre outros atores e instituições no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos, traz conhecimento novo a respeito da qualificação da própria coleção, da história da antropologia no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos.
AS TRADIÇÕES SAGRADAS DE KUWAI ENTRE OS POVOS ARUAQUE SETENTRIONAIS: ESTRUTURAS, MOVIMENTOS E VARIAÇÕES
Authors: Wright Robin
Published: February 2018

Resumo As tradições sagradas de Kuwai são uma parte central da herança cultural e espiritual dos povos de língua aruaque setentrional, no noroeste da Amazônia, que vivem em uma área desde o alto Rio Vaupés, na Colômbia, em toda a bacia do rio Içana, no Brasil, até os rios Guaviare e Inirida, na Venezuela. O objetivo deste estudo é discutir algumas das dimensões mais importantes dessa tradição religiosa, concretamente: mapeando as tradições e suas variantes; discutindo as “mitagens” - paisagens míticas - da tradição, isto é, os conjuntos de lugares sagrados inter-relacionados por narrativas e cantos xamânicos compartilhados por grupos etnolinguísticos; elaborando os significados mais importantes associados à figura de Kuwai, tendo a ver com ancestrais patrilineares, transmissão cultural através de gerações, relações identidade/alteridade e xamanismo; e examinando a fertilização cruzada de cosmologias nas fronteiras entre a tradição religiosa Kuwai e tradições não aruaques.
Investigando a atmosfera com dados obtidos por radiossondas
Authors: Oliveira F.P. , Amorim H.S. , Dereczynski C.P.
Published: February 2018

Resumo Neste trabalho apresentamos uma proposta de investigação do comportamento da pressão atmosférica e da temperatura do ar com a altitude, utilizando dados de uma radiossonda lançada por uma Estação Meteorológica de Altitude (EMA). Radiossondas, sensores atmosféricos transportados por balões, são lançados diariamente para medir dados de pressão, temperatura, umidade do ar e vento em diversos níveis da atmosfera. Nesta atividade o professor tem oportunidade de discutir com os alunos vários aspectos do comportamento da atmosfera em altitude. Apresentamos dois exemplos de aplicação utilizando dados de uma radiossonda lançada na EMA do Galeão (Rio de Janeiro). Tais dados podem ser coletados através de um rádio definido por software (RTL-SDR), de fácil aquisição e configuração, ou através de sítios de meteorologia de acesso livre.
External root resorption of second molars caused by impacted third molars: an observational study in panoramic radiographs
Authors: LACERDA-SANTOS Jhonatan Thiago , GRANJA Gélica Lima , SANTOS Jalber Almeida dos , PALHANO-DIAS Julliana Cariry , ARAÚJO-FILHO José Cadmo Wanderley Peregrino de , DIAS-RIBEIRO Eduardo
Published: February 2018

Abstract Objective This research investigate the presence of external root resorption (ERR) in second molars caused by impacted third molars in panoramic radiographs, relating to the position of third molars according to classification of Winter, Pell and Gregory. Material and method A cross-sectional, retrospective study using panoramic radiographs obtained from January 2014 to December 2015. The inclusion criterion was the presence of a second molar adjacent to an impacted third molar. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson's Chi-Square Test and Fisher's Exact Test (p≤0.05) were performed. Result The sample consisted of 584 panoramic radiographs, 356 (60.95%) of women, and 228 (39.05%) of men, the mean age was 25.31 years. The prevalence of ERR was 12.5%, and the group of 14-24 year olds was the most affected (p = 0.46). The presence of ERR was statistically higher in the mandible (42.1%) with p=0.01. The ERR located in the cervical (57.1%) and medium (58.8%) thirds was proportionally higher in the teeth with B2 (p=0.02) and mesio-angular positions (p=0.26). Conclusion The prevalence of ERR in second molars, caused by impacted third molars, was shown to be similar to results found in the literature, with no gender preference, this affects young patients, occurring frequently in mandible teeth, and presents greater severity in the cervical and middle thirds. The B2 and mesio-angular positions were more prone to ERR.
Educación Superior: la alfabetización en géneros discursivos
Authors: Calle Arango Lina
Published: February 2018

Resumen: Desde la educación superior, la alfabetización académica significa familiarizar a los estudiantes con el género discursivo propio de la profesión. Por ello, el objetivo del presente texto es reflexionar sobre una posible forma de enseñar los géneros discursivos en la alfabetización académica en entornos de educación superior, teniendo en cuenta que los estudiantes deben desarrollar constantemente las habilidades comunicativas y pragmáticas propias de su ámbito profesional. En ello, resulta imprescindible familiarizarlos con situaciones que presenten regularidades propias de la esfera, aunque cargadas de detalles contextuales y referenciales. Pero tal proceso estará incompleto si no va acompañado por una posterior reflexión.
Jogos Digitais na Escola: aprimorando a atenção e a flexibilidade cognitiva
Authors: Ramos Daniela Karine , Segundo Fabio Rafael
Published: February 2018

Resumo: Este estudo avalia os efeitos do uso de jogos digitais no contexto escolar para o aprimoramento da atenção e da flexibilidade cognitiva. Para tanto, realizamos um estudo quase-experimental com 100 crianças divididas em dois grupos: participante e controle. Após proposição de intervenções em sala de aula, utilizando jogos digitais cinco dias por semana, durante seis semanas, ambos os grupos foram avaliados pré e pós intervenção com base na aplicação de testes psicológicos. Os resultados revelaram que o grupo participante em comparação ao controle teve uma melhora significativa em relação à atenção (p<0,005) e a flexibilidade cognitiva (p<0,05), sugerindo que o uso dos jogos digitais pode contribuir com o aprimoramento das funções executivas.
O Franciscano e o Jesuíta: tradições da educação brasileira
Authors: Sangenis Luiz Fernando Conde
Published: February 2018

Resumo: O franciscano e o jesuíta são tradições culturais do Ocidente nascidas na Europa e expandidas aos quatro cantos do mundo. Tratamos das circunstâncias particulares dessa presença na América e no Brasil. Aqui são concebidos ao modo de tipos ideais dialogantes, que compuseram criativa tensão no âmbito da nossa história educacional. Desejamos realçar a tradição franciscana que permanece secundarizada pelos pesquisadores e autores, mesmo em textos fundamentais para a decifração do Brasil. No esforço de compreensão do franciscano e do jesuíta, e a partir da imbricação da temática com o campo da educação colonial, lançamos mão de textos e de autores paradigmáticos de ambas as tradições, em especial, de Gilberto Freyre e de Fernando de Azevedo.
Estetização Pedagógica, Aprendizagens Ativas e Práticas Curriculares no Brasil
Authors: Silva Roberto Rafael Dias da
Published: February 2018

Resumo: O presente artigo objetiva estabelecer um mapeamento dos modos de constituição das práticas curriculares mobilizadas no ensino médio brasileiro, ao longo da última década, procurando dimensioná-las em um contexto de intensificação das formas de estetização pedagógica e das aprendizagens ativas nas pedagogias contemporâneas. Serão examinados oito relatos de experiência de práticas curriculares, que se autonomeiam como inovadoras e interativas, publicados em variados periódicos brasileiros. Ao realizar a opção por metodologias ativas de aprendizagem, atreladas a determinados dispositivos de interatividade, parece delinear-se a emergência de uma configuração pedagógica na qual a aula assemelha-se a um jogo de perguntas e respostas - um quiz.
Os estilos de pensamento em Os heraldos negros, de César Vallejo
Authors: Fernández-Cozman Camilo Rubén
Published: February 2018

RESUMO Os heraldos negros é a primeira coletânea de poemas de César Vallejo na qual se percebe uma luta entre três estilos de pensamento: o separativo, o distintivo e o confusivo. O autor se apoia na Retórica Geral Textual e na tipologia estilística proposta por Giovanni Bottiroli para analisar dois dos poemas de Vallejo, tomando como base o funcionamento das figuras retóricas e na temática fundamental destes dois textos.
Desempenho do vocabulário expressivo de pré-escolares de 4 a 5 anos da rede pública e particular de ensino
Authors: Brancalioni Ana Rita , Zauza Alessandra , Karlinski Camila Durante , Quitaiski Larissa Fernanda , Thomaz Maristela de Fátima Oliveira
Published: February 2018

RESUMO Introdução O desempenho no vocabulário pode variar em razão de estímulos ambientais e contexto socioeconômico e cultural. Objetivo: Comparar o desempenho em prova de vocabulário expressivo entre pré-escolares da rede pública e privada de ensino, na faixa etária de 4 a 5 anos, e analisar os processos de substituição mais frequentes. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 86 pré-escolares, na faixa etária de 4 a 5 anos, de ambos os gêneros, sem sinais indicativos de síndromes, distúrbios neurológicos ou de linguagem. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: G1- grupo de pré-escolares da rede pública de ensino e G2- grupo de pré-escolares da rede privada de ensino. Todos os pré-escolares foram submetidos à triagem fonoaudiológica e à avaliação do vocabulário expressivo, por meio do Teste de Vocabulário do ABFW. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise estatística, utilizando o teste Exato de Fisher e o teste T (p<0,05), considerando as ocorrências de Designações por Vocábulos Usuais, de Não Designações e de Processos de Substituição, por campo conceitual. Resultados O G2 apresentou melhor desempenho que o G1 no teste de vocabulário, havendo diferença significativa para todos os campos conceituais. Entretanto, quando comparado o desempenho dos pré-escolares com os parâmetros do teste, a maioria dos pré-escolares do G1 e do G2 apresentou desempenho adequado. Os processos de substituição mais frequentes foram os de hiperônimos e co-hipônimos próximos. Conclusão Pré-escolares da rede privada de ensino apresentaram melhor desempenho em prova de vocabulário expressivo. Além disso, os processos de substituição ocorreram com mais frequência em pré-escolares da rede pública de ensino, sendo os mais frequentes os de hiperônimo e co-hipônimo próximo.
Dioctophyme renale (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in Leopardus geoffroyi (Carnivora: Felidae) in the Neotropical region
Authors: Trindade Maira Aparecida Christello , Macedo Marcia Raquel Pegoraro de , Muller Gertrud
Published: February 2018

Abstract Parasitic diseases affecting wild carnivores remain largely unknown or poorly described. Dioctophymosis is a parasitosis caused by the nematode Dioctophyme renale that is found worldwide. It affects domestic and wild animals and has been reported frequently in Brazil. This paper reports dioctophymosis in a wild felid for the first time.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Practices Used For Relieving Pain In Pediatric Age Groups
Authors: ÜZEN Şengül , OĞUL Tanju , YILMAZ KURT Fatma
Published: February 2018

This
study aims to systematically investigate nursing studies on the Complementary
and Alternative Therapies (CAT) for interventional pain management in pediatric
age groups in Turkey. Within the scope of the research, the studies published
in Turkish and English languages in the last 5 years (January 2012-December
2016) and found using the keywords "complementary medicine",
"alternative medicine", "child" and "pain" were
examined. As a result of the study, 16 nursing studies, in which CAT practices
had been applied regarding pain management in pediatric age groups in Turkey, were
selected. The sample of the study consisted of these 16 articles. Of these
studies, 14 were randomized controlled experimental, 1 was non-randomized
experimental and the other 1 was quasi-experimental study. It was determined
that the CAT practices applied in 15 of the studies were interventional to
relieve pain, whereas one of them was found to have no effect on pain. Although
CAT has been used to reduce pain in pediatric age groups in Turkey in recent
years, it is necessary to increase the number of evidence-based studies for a
wider acceptance of complementary and alternative therapies.
Romatizmal Kalp Hastalıklarında Ortalama Trombosit Hacmi ve Trombosit Dağılım Genişliği
Authors: ÇELİK Elif , ÇELİK Serkan Fazlı
Published: February 2018

Amaç: Romatizmal kalp hastalığı (RKH), kardiyovasküler hastalıkların gelişmekte olan ülkelerde endemik seyreden önemli ve önlenebilir bir nedenidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı RKH’da ortalama trombosit hacmini (MPV) ve trombosit dağılım genişliğini (PDW) araştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışma Kayseri Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Çocuk Kardiyoloji Bölümü’nde, Şubat 2000-Şubat 2017 tarihleri arasında retrospektif olarak yedi yıllık süreçte izlenen 135 RKH’li çocuk hasta ile yaş ve cinsiyetleri benzer 40 sağlıklı çocuğu içermektedir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 135 olgunun yaş ortalaması 12,43±3,11 yıl, 70’i erkek (%51,8), 65’i kız (%48,2) idi. Kontrol grubunun yaşları ortalaması 12,96±2,55 yıl, 21’i erkek (%52,5)),19‘u kız (%47,5) olmak üzere 40 idi. Hastaların MPV değerleri RKH’lı grupta anlamlı derecede düşüktü (9,43±1,31 ve 10,21±1,25; p:0,003). Tersine PDW seviyeleri RKH’lı grupta anlamlı derecede yüksekti (15,70 (15,40-16,00) ve 12,25(10,40- 14,30); p: 0,001). MPV/PDW oranı RKH’lı grupta anlamlı derecede düşük saptandı (0,61(0,55-0,71) ve 0,87(0,79 0,93); p: 0,001). Sonuç: RKH sürecinde kontrol grubuyla kıyaslandığında MPV düşüklüğü ve PDW yüksekliği mevcutttur.
Medication Use in Pregnancy and Risk Evaluation: Do Not Categorize Me
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Zeynep
Published: February 2018

Medication use
in pregnancy is a common problem and question. Nearly half of pregnant women (30%
-90%) use at least one prescription medication during pregnancy. In addition to
prescription drugs, pregnant women use over the counter drugs for which are
limited data in pregnancy. Pregnant patients exposed to drugs should be
informed about potential effects of medications. The United States- Food and
Drug Administration’s (US- FDA) pregnancy categories (A, B, C, D, and X), which
provide short and practical data, have recently been removed and replaced with
an evidence-based approach. An
overall classification for pregnancy is not sufficient when used alone. A research-based risk evaluation of potential adverse
health effects resulting from drug use in pregnancy has three important parts:
risk assessment, risk communication and risk management. An accurate
risk evaluation about drug
safety in pregnancy and informing women exposed to drugs may help reduce maternal concerns and prevent unnecessary
pregnancy terminations.
Breastfeeding attitude of body image in pregnancy and effect on breastfeeding process
Authors: GÜNEY Esra , UÇAR Tuba
Published: February 2018

Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the effect
of the body image of pregnancy on the breastfeeding attitude and the postpartum
breastfeeding process.Material and
Method: The sample of the
study consisted of 242 pregnant women who applied to the Obstetrics and
Gynecology Clinic of a public hospital. Personal information form,
Breastfeeding Attitudes of  The
Evaluation Scale (BAES) and The Multidimensional Body- Self Relations
Questionnaire (MBSRQ) were administered by face-to-face interview method at the
first visit. At the end of the sixth month, mothers were contacted by telephone
and the Breastfeeding Process Evaluation Form was applied (n = 113). In the
analysis of the data, descriptive statistical methods, Kruskal Wallis test and
Spearman correlation analysis were used.Reults: It was determined that 61.2% of pregnants were in
the age range of 18-25 years, 31.4% of them were high school graduates, 85.1%
were not working and 66.1% had a moderate level of income. The mean of the mean
scores of the pregnant women were 209.02 ± 19.80; The average score of BAES is
107.95 ± 12.74. There was a significant positive correlation between the mean
scores of MBSRQ scale and BAES scores (p <0.000, r = 0.249). During the
postnatal period, 77% of the mothers nursed their babies, 54.1% of the mothers
suckled for 5-6 months, 49.4% of them fed their babies for 6 months only with
breast milk and 50.6% mixed. It was determined that there was no significant
difference between the nutritional status of the breastfeeding status, duration
of breastfeeding and the baby during 6 months of postpartum period and MBSRQ
points average (p> 0.05).

Conclusion: Women with a positive body image in pregnancy were
found to have higher breastfeeding attitudes. It was determined that the body
image in the pregnancy did not affect the postnatal breastfeeding process.
Determination of myths regarding the pregnancy period and childbirth of pregnant women
Authors: DAĞLAR Gülseren , BİLGİÇ Dilek , DEMİREL Gülbahtiyar
Published: February 2018

Objective: To
describe the myths related to pregnancy and childbirth of
pregnant women. Material and Methods:
The sample of this descriptive
study 368 pregnant attending outpatient clinic of the obstetrics department of a hospital between 24 June and 30
November 2013 and accepting to participate in study were included. Questionnaire  myths related to pregnancy and childbirth and participant 
information form  prepared by the
researchers, and was used to collect 
data and  conducted face-to-face.  Data
were analyzed with arithmetic average, standard
deviation, percentage distributions. Statistical significance was p <0.05
was accepted. Results:
The average age of the pregnant women in
the our study was 27.02±6.16 years.   Pregnant women' myths the most prominent
related to pregnancy were myths about sexuality and nausea-vomiting in
pregnancy. As to the myths abouth the birth, associated with birth pain and myths
for nutrition were higher rate.

Conclusion:
Nowadays that maternal-friendly hospital concept is
remain on the agenda, myths related to
pregnancy and childbirth of pregnant women is more. In this sense to
eliminate wrong or negative myths about pregnancy and birth, pregnant women
should be informed or  in pregnancy
information classes or participation in pregnancy training classes should be
encouraged.
COMPARISON OF SCREENING AND TREATMENT PROTOCOLS OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
Authors: KANBUR Savaş
Published: February 2018

Vulvovaginal complaints are one of the top reasons for
applying to medical institutions in women. Vulvovaginal infections also take an
important place in chief complaints in sexually transmitted diseases in women.
Sexually transmitted diseases can cause permanent reproductive health problems
in women. This situation shows the importance of the fact that sexually
transmitted diseases must be diagnosed in patient population who apply to
medical institutions with vulvovaginal infection symptoms. Today bacterial,
parasitic and fungal vulvovaginal infection causes like Candida Albicans, Gardnerella Vaginalis, Trichomonas Vaginalis, N.
Gonorrhoeae, Syphilis make up 80% of the total vulvovaginal diseases. In this
cross-sectional study, having information on the frequency of sexually
transmitted diseases in Turkey indirectly and comparison of treatment options
are aimed.
Utility of PTEN, MLH1, ARID1A and β-catenin, biomarkers in endometrial hyperplasia and endometrioid endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Kösemetin Döver Duygu , Aydın Abdullah , Senol Serkan , Bostancı Evrim , KILICCI Cetin
Published: February 2018

Objective: Endometrial carcinomas are divided
into two groups roughly:Endometrioid (Type I) and Non-endometrioid (Type II). The majority of the endometrial carcinomas are of endometrioid type and,
this type of carcinoma is associated with hyperplasia which is formed due to
unopposed estrogen.In
this study, our purpose is to reveal the expression status of the PTEN, MLH1, ARID1A
and β-catenin, biomarkers in all types of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and endometrioid
endometrial carcinoma (EC).Materials and metods: We conducted a retrospective study
with 202 cases including 82 EC cases, 71 simple EH cases without atypia, 16
complex EH cases without atypia, 9 simple atypical EH cases, 24 complex
atypical EH cases which were diagnosed at Istanbul Civilization University
Göztepe Training and Research Hospital. 10 normal endometrial tissues were used
for the purpose of control. Resuls: In our study, loss of PTEN ratio was 61%, loss
of ARID1A ratio was 52,4%, loss of MLH1 ratio was 40,2% in patients with EC.
These ratios were 87,5%, 41,7%, 20,8%, respectively in patients with atypical
complex EH and 12,7%; 4,2%; 1,4% in patients with simple EH without atypia.

Conclusions: In the light of these findings it
has been demonstrated that PTEN, ARID1A and MLH1 have a role in the transition
from simple EH to atypical complex EH, and also MLH1 has a role in the transition
from aytpical complex EH to EC.
Comparison of cost-effectivenes and clinical outcomes of abdominal, vaginal and total laparoscopic hysterectomy in a selected group
Authors: KİLİCCİ Cetin , BOSTANCI Evrim , POLAT Mesut , BOZA Aysen , YAYLA ABİDE Cigdem
Published: February 2018

Objective: The aim was to compare
the perioperative and postoperative outcomes of total laparoscopic hysterectomy(TLH),
total abdominal hysterectomy(TAH), and vaginal hysterectomy(VH) in a selected group
of patients.Materials and Methods:
Two hundred twenty-three hysterectomies were included in this
study. The patients were separated into three groups. Group1 included patients with
TLH(n=63); TAH patients were placed in Group 2(n=133), and Group 3 was made up of
patients who underwent VH(n=37). All three groups had similar ages, parities, and
uterine sizes. The main outcome measures were operation time, fever, need for analgesia,
duration of hospital survellience, return to work time, perioperative and postoperative
complications, the number of blood transfusions, and costs of the surgery.Results: The total operation
time was the shortest in the VH group. There was no significant difference in the
hospital survellience duration between the three groups. The VH was found to be
the cheapest type of hysterectomy. When the VH group was compared with the TLH group,
there was no difference in the use of analgesics for postoperative pain or the
time return to work. The VH group patients required more blood transfusions in
contrast with the TAH(p=0.001) and TLH
groups(p<0.001).

Conclusion: VH had similar operative
and postoperative outcomes but the shortest duration of operation and the lowest
surgical cost compared with the other two techniques.
THE ROLE OF BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF FIRST TRIMESTER TRISOMY SCREENING TEST IN THE PREDICTION OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Yayla Abide Çiğdem
Published: February 2018

Objective: To
investigate the potential advantage of routinely examined biochemical markers;
PAPP-A (pregnancy related plasma protein A) and 
ßHCG values, in the first trimester screening test for the screening and
early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) disease that occured in
the following weeks of pregnancy without bringing any additional cost.Material
and Method: This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study. In
this study singleton pregnancies were included whose first trimester trisomy
screening tests were examined in our hospital and also deliviries of them took
place in our hospital with the routine pregnancy follow up between January 2014
– December 2016. The pregnancies were divided into two groups as GDM and
control group. The functional role of biochemical markers ( PAPP-A (MoM), ßhcg (MoM)) in
the first trimester screening test were investigated for early diagnosis of GDM
which appeared in the later gestational weeks of pregnancy.

Results: In
the GDM group; maternal age, the number of pregnancies, parity, abort and
living children were found significantly high, according to the control group (p<0.05). Statistically significant
difference was not observed between PAPP-A (MoM), ßhcg (MoM), NT (mm) ve NT
(MoM),  gestational week of delivery,
birth infant weight, APGAR 1.minute and APGAR 5.minute in the GDM group.Conclusion: No statistically
significant relationship was established between biochemical markers of first
trimester screening test and GDM in this study. However, more patients and
carefully planned prospective studies are needed in this subject.
Relationship Between Smoking Doses and Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of Pregnancy
Authors: Yayla Abide Çiğdem , Çoğendez Ebru , Kumru Pınar , Bostancı Ergen Evrim , Kılıççı Çetin
Published: February 2018

Introduction: We
aimed to investigate the relationship between daily smoking doses and maternal
and perinatal outcomes.Methods: This
study was conducted between 2015 and 2017 in Zeynep Kamil Women's and Children's
Hospital Education and Research Hospital. 1029 pregnancies who did not smoke
and 261 pregnancies who smoked were included in the study. Patients were
divided into subgroups (≤5 pcs / day, 5-15 pcs / day,> 15 pcs / day), which
were mild, moderate and heavy smokers. Demographic characteristics of the
patients were recorded. All maternal and perinatal outcomes were evaluated.Results:  28.4% of the smokers were
using ≤5 cigarettes per day, 62.5% of the smokers were using 5-15 cigarettes
and 9.2% of the smokers were using> 15 cigarettes. Birth weight, gestational
week of birth, birth height, 1st minute apgar scores and 5th minute apgar
scores were statistically significantly lower in pregnancies who smoked. The
birth weight of smokers was 162 grams lower than pregnancies who did not smoke
(p <0.0001). There was no significant difference between the groups regards
to type of delivery and the sex of the infants. Rates of preeclampsia,
premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), fetal growth restriction (IUGR), intrauterine
fetal demise and neonatal care unit admission were statistically significantly
higher in pregnancies who smoked. When subgroups were compared, pregnancies who
smoked > 15 cigarettes per day were found to have statistically
significantly lower birth weight and higher rates of neonatal intensive care
unit admission.

Conclusion:
Our study revealed that the risk of low birth weight and risk of admission to
the neonatal intensive care unit increased with increasing cigarette usage
during pregnancy.
Macrófitas flotantes en el tratamiento de aguas residuales: una revisión del estado del arte
Authors: Martelo Jorge , Lara Borrero Jaime Lara Borrero
Published: February 2018

Los tratamientos de aguas residuales que involucran macrófitas flotantes han demostrado ser eficientes en la remediación de aguas con contenidos de nutrientes, materia orgánica y sustancias toxicas como arsénico, zinc, cadmio, cobre, plomo, cromo, y mercurio. Su importancia radica en su aptitud para ser empleados en núcleos rurales debido a su bajo consumo de energía convencional y la practicidad en el montaje y operación de los sistemas de tratamiento. Aun así, todavía no se han esclarecido rigurosamente los procesos que tienen lugar en la depuración de aguas residuales con macrófitas flotantes. El presente artículo pretende hacer un recorrido por la literatura existente sobre macrófitas flotantes, identificando los aspectos generales, ventajas y desventajas del uso de estas plantas para depurar aguas residuales. De igual manera se identifican los antecedentes de mayor relevancia desde los inicios de esta aplicación. Serán descritos los modelos de diseño con macrófitas y los criterios generalmente aceptados, revisando rigurosamente las eficiencias de remoción de distintas especies de macrófitas flotantes. Por último serán abordadas según lo analizado las perspectivas actuales y retos futuros para el desarrollo de esta técnica.