bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic evaluation of knee arthroscopy treatment in a general hospital
Authors: Blatnik Patricia , Tušak Matej , Bojnec Štefan , Brezigar Masten Arjana
Published: April 2024

Aim
 The economic evaluation of medical programs applies procedures that search for and ensure the cheapest methods of medical treatment with the best feasible health results. The aim of this study was to thoroughly examine both the costs and results of medical outcomes, which were based upon two alternative methods of treatment. The purpose was to offer obtained information to the medical profession and hospital management, since they must decide on how to use the funds designed for knee arthroscopy surgery.
Methods
A cost-utility analysis of two competitive treatments for knee arthroscopy was evaluated: the first one was executed by a
standard department of surgery and the second one for the implementation within the framework of ambulatory treatment.
Results
 The direct costs of the existing knee arthroscopy surgery amount to 930.39 euro, while the alternative treatment amount to
419.80 euro. The second alternative treatment would significantly reduce labor costs, depreciation costs and material costs. The implementation of the second alternative would reduce the total cost by 54.88%.
Conclusion:
 Outpatient surgical procedures can bring numerous potential advantages such as lower costs and unchanged or improved medical outcomes, when compared to the classical method of outpatient treatment. The results show that the outpatient treatment does not sacrifice quality in order to reduce hospital costs.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations
Authors: Selimović Amina , Hasanbegović Edo , Mujičić Ermina , Milišić Selma , Haxhija Emir , Karavdić Kenan , Pilav Alen
Published: April 2024

Aim
 The aim was to show rare cases of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) and the manner of its surgical
treatment with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).
Methods
Two male and one female child, 7, 4 and 3 years of age were treated for symptoms of cough and high temperature in district hospitals. In all three children laboratory blood tests and chest radiography were done. Auscultatory findings showed the presence of pneumonia. Children were treated with appropriate doses of antibiotics. After the rehabilitation of inflammation, they were sent to the University Clinical Center Sarajevo, where video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy (VATS) was indicated after computerized tomography (CT).
Results
 Chest CT scan pointed to the CCAM and pulmonary sequestration (PS) changes to the lungs. This has required surgery
lobectomy of an affected part of the lungs. In two children with PS, the aberrant systemic artery came from the most proximal part of aorta abdominals, the third patient did not have an anomalous artery.
Conclusion
 VATS lobectomy is an alternative to the traditional thoracotomy for the treatment of CCAM and PS, however, it should be investigated in the future for its safety and effectiveness.
Caracterización del "contragol" en el campeonato europeo de masculino 2018
Authors: Sofia Silva Aldina , Maroja Gabriel Augusto B. , Silva José António
Published: April 2024

Objective: identify possible differences between winning and losing teams in the use of “fast execution of throw-off after a goal”, depending on the moments of the game when it occurs, the way it ends, and the effectiveness obtained. Methodology: 44 games (2018 European Men Championship). Results: i) in numerical equality, winning teams use more often this strategy compared to the defeated teams and succeed to find solutions that allows them to finish closer to the goal; ii) in numerical superiority of 1 player, defeated teams choose this strategy more often; iii) in numerical inferiority both teams clearly choose not to use or use only in very specific cases this strategy; iv) when they are losing by more than 3 goals the winning teams use less times, this strategy; v) when tied, winning teams clearly use this strategy more often; vi) winning teams obtain more situations of shoot when using this tactical action, and the defeated teams finish these attack sequences more often in technical failures. Conclusion: the “Fast execution of throw-off after a goal” is a collective tactical action that can be use, as an indicator of the differentiation of the final result of the teams.
Ira y éxitos deportivos en deportes individuales y colectivos
Authors: González-García Higinio , Pelegrín Muñoz Antonia , Trinidad Morales Alfonso
Published: April 2024

The aims of this study were to analyse the differences in anger levels in single and collective sports, and to know if there are any differences in anger levels depending on international successes. The study was conducted in an accidental and cross sampling, in which 366 athletes from different sports were taken (32.78% individual sports and 67.21% collective sports). In order to measure the different variables were taken, an ad hoc Sociodemographic questionnaire, the Oviedo Scale of Infrequency Response and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. The results of the U Mann Whitney test and linear regression showed higher anger levels in collective athletes in: temperament, external anger expression, internal anger expression and anger expression index, whereas, individual athletes had greater external control of anger. It was concluded that single athletes have lower anger levels and greater external anger control, than collective athletes. Furthermore, there are no differences in anger levels between the two distinct athlete’s groups considering the rate of sporting success.
EL USO DE LOS DISPOSITIVOS INERCIALES EN BALONCESTO EN SILLA DE RUEDAS: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA EXPLORATORIA
Authors: Víctor  , Mancha-Triguero David , Gómez-Carmona Carlos D. , Gamonales José M.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to conduct an exploratory systematic review related to Wheelchair Basketball, and the use of inertial devices as a novel tool to quantify internal and external load during training sessions and matches. For the search of scientific manuscripts, the following keywords were used, in English: “Basketball”, “Wheelchair” and “Inertial device”; and, in Spanish: “Baloncesto”, “Silla de ruedas” and “Dispositivo inercial”. The databases used were Web of Science and Google Scholar. Also, to limit the search, a series of document inclusion and exclusion criteria were established, to collect the most appropriate manuscripts for the subject under study. Twelve scientific papers were selected, which were classified according to the variables predetermined by the researchers. The largest number of publications related to the subject is produced in 2019, and they are mainly Quantitative empirical studies. Therefore, it is interesting to increase scientific knowledge in the WB.
Emociones, bienestar subjetivo y género en el aprendizaje de baloncesto en la formación docente: estudio de casos
Authors: Mujica-Johnson Felipe , Serrano-Muñoz Fernando
Published: April 2024

The narrative study of emotions in Physical Education teacher training allows us to approach the associated personal and social meanings. The first objective of this research was to understand in a Chilean context the emotional meanings of university Physical Education students in their learning of basketball. Secondly, the objective was to interpret these emotional meanings from a gender perspective. A qualitative, interpretative, and phenomenological methodology was used. Four women and seven men from the Physical Education Pedagogy program at a private Chilean university in the Metropolitan Region participated in the study. The data were collected through personal diaries, which were subjected to a deductive-inductive content analysis with the Atlas.ti 22 program. The results show 14 categories referring to four positive emotions and six negative emotions for subjective well-being. There were nine shared and five separate categories between male and female gender. It is concluded that the recognized meanings can be used to favor subjective well-being by means of didactic adaptations in basketball learning.
Creating Plate Layout in FIVTools v1
Authors: Waligorski Jason
Published: April 2024

Plate layout creator in FIVtools
Fiber Photometry Protocol v1
Authors: Burwell Sasha
Published: April 2024

This protocol details collection of fiber photometry from VTA dopamine neurons.
Shared Digital Product Passport for holistic lifecycle assessment
Authors: Reif Manuel , Plociennik Christiana , Rimaz Mohammad Hossein , David Alexander , Ruskowski Martin
Published: April 2024

On top of geopolitical tensions and resulting supply chain disruptions, companies are increasingly challenged to meet policy standards for the circular economy. One promising approach is extending the principles of Shared Production to the product lifecycle. This allows the implementation of a Digital Product Passport using Gaia-X principles in  combination with the Asset Administration Shell.  Distributed hosted submodels allow a service provider to access specific product data in an interoperable way. This approach is placed in the context of current research and  demonstrated using a practical example of Scope 3 carbon footprint calculation.
Secondary reagents for immunohistochemical research of rat brain
Authors: Razenkova Valeria A. , Pavlova Valeria S.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: The critical factor when working with immunohistochemistry in laboratory animals is to select appropriate secondary antibodies, that allow clear and specific visualization of tissue antigens. Many reliable secondary reagents are currently not available for purchase, which determines the high relevance of replacing them with other detection systems.
AIM: To verify the effectiveness of available secondary reagents for immunohistochemical research of the rat brain.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Brain samples from Wistar (n=2) and SHR (n=2) were used for the study. Iba-1, GFAP and vimentin immunohistochemistry was carried out using various polymer-based detection systems, namely UltraVision Quanto Detection System HR, N-Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO and UnoVue Rabbit HRP.
RESULTS: All three studied polymer systems demonstrated visualisation of target proteins in brain tissues and cells corresponding to the general understanding of structures containing Iba-1, GFAP and vimentin. The UnoVue Rabbit HRP and UltraVision Quanto Detection System HRP kits showed good and similarly specific immunohistochemical reaction. However, the UnoVue Rabbit HRP kit was less sensitive compared to the UltraVision Quanto Detection System HRP. The reaction with N-Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO was not optimal due to the presence of non-specific background staining that was not present with other reagents. Apparently, this is due to the focus of the kit on immunohistochemical staining of human tissue and the likely absence of an antibody purification with rat serum.
CONCLUSIONS: Two secondary antibody kits from the three studied showed optimal efficiency of immunohistochemical reaction and minimal background staining. N-Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO is not suitable for immunohistochemical research of rat brain tissue.
Dark Triad and Adjudication about Fault in Breakdown of Marriage in Divorce Proceedings
Authors: Dróżdż-Chmiel Kinga , Dróżdż Agata
Published: April 2024

The article is focused on difficulties in establishing interpersonal relationships by people having the socially aversive traits which constitute the dark triad. Moreover, the article presents the conclusions drawn from the analysis of judgements given by common courts with respect to petitions for divorce at sole fault of a spouse who demonstrates the socially undesirable character traits discussed in this article.
Limitations Related to the Proprietorship by a Minor
Authors: Krzaczek Michał
Published: April 2024

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of regulations limiting the possibility of conducting proprietorship by a minor, as envisaged in the provisions of the Civil Code, the Code of Civil Procedure, and the Family and Guardianship Code. The author discusses the current legal state, highlights particularly problematic issues related, among others, to unregistered activities and the status of a minor as a shareholder in capital companies. Furthermore, the article describes the direction of legislative changes that will liberalize restrictions on the activity of young entrepreneurs.
FEATURES OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS AT INSTITUTIONS OF SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN CONDITIONS OF MULTICULTURAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Абдулаев М.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются наиболее значимые особенности педагогического процесса, реализуемого в учреждениях среднего профессионального образования, функционирующих в поликультурной среде. Существенное внимание при этом уделяется трём группам факторов поликультурности, оказывающим различное влияние на результаты учебно-воспитательного процесса. Далее анализируются особенности учебной и внеучебной деятельности, организованной с учётом этих факторов. Приводятся конкретные формы работы. При этом отдельно говорится о роли педагогического работника.

The article focuses on the most significant features of pedagogical process at institutions secondary vocational education functioning in a multicultural educational environment. Considerable attention is paid to three groups of multicultural factors that can have different impacts on the educational process results. Further, the article addresses the features of educational and extracurricular activities organized taking into account these factors. Specific forms of work are considered, and the role of a teacher is separately treated.
DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTIVE SUBJECTIVE POSITION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM
Authors: Писарев А.С.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема развития продуктивной субъектной позиции студентов вуза как необходимого компонента личностного развития обучающихся в ходе учебного процесса и как средства достижения академических результатов обучения. Целенаправленные усилия преподавателей по созданию условий для формирования и развития субъектной позиции у студентов вуза в результате способны принести плоды в виде улучшения количественных и качественных характеристик учебной деятельности, с одной стороны, и достижения студентами личностных результатов, значимых как для их дальнейшей социальной, так и профессиональной деятельности. Продуктивность субъектной позиции студентов вуза в данной статье рассматривается как интегральная характеристика, связанная в первую очередь с учебной деятельностью и направленностью на её результативность.

The article considers the development of the productive subjective position of university students as a necessary component of their personal development during the educational process at university and also as a means for the achievement of academic learning outcomes. The purposeful efforts of teachers aimed at creating conditions for the formation and development of the students’ subjective position can result in improving quantitative and qualitative characteristics of educational activities on the one hand, and achieving personal results by the students that are significant both for their further social and professional activities. The productivity of the subjective position of university students is considered as an integral characteristic associated first of all with educational activity and focus on its effectiveness.
Apivectoring: Harnessing pollinators for sustainable crop protection and pollination
Authors: SHARMA AARUSHI , SHARMA DEVIKA
Published: April 2024

Apivectoring, or Pollinator Biocontrol Vector Technology, employs bees to distribute biological control agents, offering a sustainable solution for managing plant diseases and insect pests while enhancing crop yield and quality. The most commonly used vectors in apivectoring are honey bees and bumble bees, though there’s potential to explore other pollinator species. Commercial dispensers like BeeTreat Dispenser®, BVT Inoculum Dispenser® and Flying Doctors® have been developed in countries like Finland, Belgium, and Canada, respectively. Though initially pioneered in North America, Australia, and Europe, this method is now being evaluated in India. The technology is a promising alternative to chemical pest control, reducing pesticide usage and ensuring crop pollination, although challenges remain in regions deprived of local rearing and/or research facilities.
A Review of the Blast Fragmentation Analysis Techniques used in Surface Mines
Authors: Nanda Suryajyoti , Naik H. K.
Published: April 2024

Fragmentation refers to the process of breaking solid in-situ rock masses into smaller pieces during excavation or material handling operations. The fragment size distribution and degree of fragmentation within the blasted rock mass stand as a critical aspect for optimizing the efficiency of loading, transportation, crushing, and milling operations. The analysis of blast fragmentation analysis is done by several existing modern techniques which include the visual analysis method, photogrammetric method, and image analysis method, etc. In this study, all the blast fragmentation techniques are reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of all the methods are discussed. Along with that, a blast fragmentation analysis is conducted for the rock pile images of a blasting site collected from Dongri Buzurg Mine (MOIL), India using the image processing technique in WipFrag software. The feasibility of the blasting patterns is judged based on the uniformity coefficient (Cu) and the coefficient of gradation (Cg) which are found to be 4.47 and 0.94 respectively. The fragmentation for the muck pile is found to be uniform and well-graded for the blast site and the methodology used is found to be simple yet effective for the analysis.
Multi-Objective Optimization in WEDM Process of Titanium Alloy (Ti-3Al-2.5V-2.0WC) using Desirability Approach
Authors: Muthusamy P. , Ponnusamy Prasanth , Karthikeyan A. G. , Hussain Beporam Iftekhar
Published: April 2024

Recently, Titanium alloy (Ti-3Al-2.5V) reinforced with Tungsten Carbide (Ti-3Al-2.5V-2.0WC) developed using the microwave sintering process has plays a major role in mining industry. It has very good mechanical property and corrosion resistance. Due to its better strength and high melting point, it is difficult to machine in conventional machining process. Therefore, WEDM process give the solution to cut this high strength material in an effective manner. In this present work, the WEDM input variables such as Servo Voltage (SV), Pulse Time - On (PT-ON), Pulse Time – Off (PT-OFF) and Cutting Speed Percentage (CSP) are considered. L09 Orthogonal Array Matrix (OAM) is considered for experimental work. The output variables like Material Removal Rate (MRR) and Surface Roughness (SR) are considered to obtained the quality machining process. Multi objective optimization technique like Taguchi-Desirability Approach method is implemented to find the optimum input variables. The Improvement of MRR from 0.05978 g/min to 0.06420 g/min and SR from 3.812 μm to 3.452 μm are obtained using Desirability Approach.
Simulation of Self Tuning Shape Memory Alloy Based PZT Energy Harvester
Authors: Vasundhara M. G. , Kalavathi G. K. , Pradeesh E. L. , Yogesha K. K. , Prakash H. R. , Muralidhara B. , Hulugappa B.
Published: April 2024

Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) is tuned to match the frequency of excitation with the resonance frequency. Simulation is carried out numerically using COMSOL 5.3 software. This model consists of cantilevered beam without tip mass, PZT layer, Aluminium beam and SMA layer. Lead Zirconium titanate (PZT – 5A) is used as PZT layer for the conversion of energy. Harvesters power frequency response for different frequency ranges are carried out. The maximum output is obtained in excitation frequency with SMA and the results were compared without SMA material. The numerical simulation of the Frequency Response Functions (FRF) was compared with the analytical frequency response functions of the harvester. The maximum difference between the numerical and analytical results is 9.77 % in FRF’s and 1.85 % in resonance frequency. Materials used are Lead Zirconium titanate (PZT – 5A), SMA material and Aluminium beam which reaches the scopes of journal.
Revamp of Diesel LHD to Battery LHD for Minimising Operational Cost in Underground Metal Mines
Authors: Raghavan Vijaya
Published: April 2024

In underground mines, haulage vehicles are routinely employed to move ore from subterranean loading stations to the surface. It's occasionally possible for descending empty cars to stop in a passing lane and wait for moving, heavier vehicles to pass. This is how traffic moves downhill. The number and placement of passing bays affect the haulage productivity of a mine. The operational expenses of the battery LHD and the diesel LHD have been contrasted in terms of gases released, diesel costs, and charging costs. According to our data, using a rechargeable LHD can cut operational costs by 90%.
The Combined Effect of Coriolis Force and Double Diffusive for the Convention in a Rectangular Isotropic and Anisotropic Porous Channel
Authors: Girish E. , Dinesh P. A. , Madhur D. H. , Mayur D. H. , Sumithra R.
Published: April 2024

The combined effects of Coriolis force, heat, and mass diffusion for the convection in a horizontal rectangular channel filled with fluid in both isotropic and anisotropic porous channels is studied in the three-dimensional case for which the governing equations with the boundary conditions are derived with the help of the following assumptions: the fluid is incompressible; the flow is axisymmetric about the y-axis; the fluid is steady; thermal diffusion is larger than the viscous diffusion. With the help of the stream function, the resultant equations are made dimensionless, and non-dimension parameters like Rac, Rs along with anisotropic aspect ratio of permeabilities and thermal diffusivities are introduced. Later, the resulting linear partial differential equations are solved by the method of Fourier series analysis. The effect of the non-dimensional numbers plays a vital role in controlling parameters like velocity, temperature, and concentration for both isotropic and anisotropic cases. The expression for critical Rayleigh number has been established for both isotropic and anisotropic cases. Various computations are carried out in order to study the effects of velocity, temperature, concentration, and Critical Rayleigh number for different values of non-dimensional parameters. The obtained results are in good agreement with previous literary works and also have a wide application in the real world which can be seen in different industries.
Családtervezés és munkaerőpiaci aspirációk lakásotthonban nevelkedő fiatalok körében
Authors: Zámbó Gabriella
Published: April 2024

Several international and national organisations are concerned with the aspect of children. Thisessay examines a special group of children and youth who live in fostercare. Their future aspectsare basically determined by the break away from their families. Even they area way from theirfamiliesf or a short or a long time, becoming an adult is a complex process and many factorsdefine their lives. Among these factors the environment of the fosterhome and the relationshipwith the biological family is essential. The essay focuses on two fundamental dimensions ofbecoming an adult: familyplanning and working. Although the desires about their future livesare quite diverse, the implementation is similarly difficult for each of them. Those who haven’t got the supportive background are hadicapped in many dimensions. In these cases thechildprotection has a leading role. The essay attempt stogive an insight to these young adults’futureplans while it highlights the dimensions of familyplanning and working.
Comparison of Ultrasonographic Images of Glioblastoma Tumor with Magnetic Resonance Images: Rat Animal Model
Authors: Shahidani Akram , Mokhtari-Dizaji Manijhe , Shankayi Zeinab , Najafi Mahmoud
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can guide the surgical strategy to identify brain tumors and monitor treatment response. It is possible to use transcranial Ultrasound (US) for periodical follow-ups. Ultrasound waves pass through the delicate areas of the skull called acoustic windows. In this study, the efficiency of ultrasound imaging was performed to diagnose glioblastoma brain tumors and the results were compared with MR images.
Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of Ketamine and Xylazine. A stereotaxic device was used to determine the injection coordinates. C6 GBM cell lines were injected into the brains of rats. After two weeks, the formation of a glioblastoma tumor was confirmed histopathologically. The brain of animals was imaged by B-mode ultrasound and MRI. The section with the largest tumor dimensions was selected and the dimensions of the skull and tumor were measured based on the pixel size of each of the imaging methods. Pearson coefficient of correlation and Limits Of Agreement (LOA) were calculated for comparisons of the skull and tumor dimensions.
Results: The skull and the tumor dimensions showed a significant correlation between the B-mode ultrasound and the MRI measurements (R = 0.99 and p < 0.05). According to the Bland-Altman analysis, the mean difference was 0.31 mm (SD = 0.20) for skull and tumor dimensions. The exact shape of the tumor is not completely clear in the ultrasound images, but it can be useful to detect the presence of the tumor and its approximate dimensions.
Conclusion: In conclusion, a glioblastoma tumor was produced in the male Wistar rat. The tumor dimensions were properly assessed by B-mode ultrasound image processing and compared with MR imaging.
Improvement of Basal Ganglia Detectability in Brain Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography by Wavelet Transformation in Image Processing Domain: A XCAT Phantom Study
Authors: Saeidikia Marzie , Seyedarabi Hadi , Mahmoudian Babak , Islamian Jalil Pirayesh
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Noise in brain Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) images limits an early diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease (PD). To overcome the limitation, as an image processing approach, wavelet transformation was used to denoising the images also with a segmentation method to differentiate the basal ganglia in brain SPECT.
Materials and Methods: The brain scans of the human 4D Extended Cardiac Torso (XCAT) phantom through the Simulating Medical Imaging Nuclear Detectors (SIMIND) simulated SPECT system were imported to the MATLAB toolkit for image processing. The reconstructed brain images by iterative reconstruction were de-noised through 9 methods of wavelet transformation at different levels, and then six segmentation methods were applied to differentiate the caudate and putamen. The Dice coefficient, Specificity, and Sensitivity evaluation criteria were calculated based on the adaptive thresholding of the selected images from segmentation. A ground truth image was manually marked by a clinical nuclear medicine specialist.
Results: The dice coefficient was obtained in a range from 0.3979 to 0.6299, as well as the specificity criterion from 0.7682 to 0.8168 and the sensitivity from 0.9049 to 0.9871.
The results from adaptive threshold segmentation and the evaluation criteria showed that the best levels of the nucleuses detectability were provided by level 7 of Biorthogonal, levels 4 and 7 of Coiflet, level 6 of Daubechies, level 5 of Haar, level 6 of Morlet and level 6 of Symlet methods.
Conclusion: Parkinson’s disease may be diagnosed in the early stage by an image processing approach to improve the quality of brain SPECT images.
Comparative Study of Biosynthesizing Selenium Nanoparticles by Gum Arabic and Poly Anionic Cellulose to Prevent Radiation-Induced Death in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) Cells
Authors: Hasanzadeh Mojgan , Bahreyni-Toossi Mohammad-Taghi , Darroudi Majid , Khademi Sara , Vaziri-Nezamdoost Fereshteh , Azimian Hosein
Published: April 2024

Purpose: In premenopausal women, abdominopelvic radiotherapy may have a direct and profound effect on ovarian function. Stabilized selenium Nanoparticles (NPs) with some natural materials have been demonstrated to have high antioxidant activity and reduce radiation damage as a radioprotector. This study was done to compare the ability for the biosynthesis of selenium NPs by Gum Arabic (Se-GA) and Polyanionic Cellulose (Se-PAC) in the protection of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells against radiation damage.
Materials and Methods: First, Selenium Nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized in the presence of GA and PAC. Then, CHO cells were cultured in-vitro and were randomly divided into six groups in different concentrations of Se-GA and Se-PAC to measure the biocompatibility of NPs. Finally, cells were treated with NPs and radiation (6MV, 2Gy), and the percentage of cell survival was determined by MTT assay. Both NPs with an average size of 20-30 nm and an absorption absorbance peak at about 300 nm using Ultraviolet-Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy.
Results: According to the parametric t-test analysis, Se-GA nanoparticles with a concentration higher than 0.4 ppm significantly increased the radioprotective effect on CHO cells compared to the control group (P<0.05). However, Se-PAC showed no significant increase in radioprotection in contrast to the control group (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Se-GA nanoparticles have antioxidant properties, and the radiation protection properties of Se-GA nanoparticles are significantly higher than control. Consequently, Se-GA nanoparticles showed promising results and may be able to play the role of a radioprotector.
Approaches for Respiratory Sound Analysis in Identification of Respiratory Diseases
Authors: Ram Arunkumar , Jindal Ghanshyam , Bagal Uttam , Nagare Gajanan
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Medical professionals throughout the world prefer to use conventional stethoscopes to listen to respiratory sounds. Listening to respiratory sounds through stethoscopes is a subjective matter, and proper diagnosis of the disease depends on the skills and ability of the doctor. Computerized analysis of respiratory sounds can help doctors and researchers to characterize different abnormal respiratory patterns and make informed decisions.
Materials and Methods: This study includes previously reported work in different normal and abnormal respiratory sounds. The IEEE, PubMed, Google Scholar and Elsevier databases were searched and studies with the keywords of lung sound analysis, respiratory sound analysis, and respiratory sound classification were included. Detailed characteristics of normal and abnormal respiratory sounds are mentioned. In addition, Time-amplitude characteristics of different respiratory sound plots are obtained using MATLAB and ICBHI database. This study systematically discusses different approaches for respiratory sound analysis like visual analysis of the time-amplitude signals, frequency analysis, and spectral analysis using fast Fourier transform, statistical analysis, and machine learning approach. A list of relevant datasets is mentioned that can help researchers to do further analysis in this domain.
Results: The careful observations and analysis show the possibility of predicting respiratory diseases by extracting suitable parameters such as the frequency response and spectral characteristics of the signal. Power spectral density can help us to calculate the maximum, median frequency over an extended period. Using machine learning we can estimate the energy, entropy, spectral features, and wavelets of the signals.
Conclusion: Computer-based respiratory sound analysis can help medical professionals in making informed decisions. This will help in early diagnosis and devise effective treatment plans for the patients.
Fluctuation of Disease Severity and Quality of Life Applying Intra-lymphatic Immunotherapy for Patients with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Khoshkhui Maryam , Jabbari Farahzad , Zargar Fateme Shafiee , Motevalli Haghi Nasrin Sadat , Ariaee Nazila
Published: April 2024

Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the only disease-modifying treatment for IgE-mediated allergic disorders. Intra lymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) is an efficacious and time-saving alternative to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). This study aimed to evaluate the effects and safety of ILIT in patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis. 
In this clinical trial, patients between 18 and 65 years old with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis were enrolled. They received monthly intra-lymphatic inguinal injections of an active allergen (1000 SQ-U Salsola kali pollen). Their clinical symptoms were assessed before and four weeks after treatments. The clinical signs were also evaluated during two consecutive pollination seasons and the following non-pollination season in April.
No moderate or severe reactions were recorded following ILIT treatment. Lymph node enlargement, angioedema/urticaria, and local itching were seen instantly after injection. Patients who received ILIT experienced a significant clinical improvement in self-recorded seasonal allergic symptoms after the treatments, compared to themselves before ILIT. Furthermore, their quality of life significantly improved.
This study suggests ILIT with Salsola-pollen extract may decrease symptoms of allergic rhinitis. It was safe and did not cause any crucial complications.
The Effect of Priming new Plastic Spacers with 20 Puffs Salbutamol on Bronchodilator Response in Asthmatic Children
Authors: Sadri Homa , Fazlollahi Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2024

The static charge on the plastic body of spacers attracts drug aerosols, reducing the drug available for inhalation from plastic spacers. Some instructions exist to decrease the electric charge on plastic spacers, such as priming them with salbutamol (20 puffs) before use. This study investigates whether priming plastic spacer devices with this method can improve the bronchodilator test result.
This study included children with stable mild to moderate asthma. All subjects underwent two pulmonary function tests to evaluate their bronchodilator response on separate days at 24-48 hours intervals. On each day, spirometry was performed at the baseline and 15 min after inhalation of four puffs of salbutamol (100 μg/puff) through either a primed or a new spacer. The change in forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) after inhaling salbutamol was the primary outcome measure.
When the patients used a new spacer, the mean baseline FEV1 (% predicted) and FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity) were 89.56±11.95 and 86.17±6.87, respectively. However, the mean increase in FEV1 from the baseline was 10.87±8.99 in this group. On the other hand, with the primed spacer, the respective mean baseline FEV1 and FEV1/FVC values were 89.41±12.14 and 85.49±6.76, while it increased by 12.1±11.01 after salbutamol inhalation. There were no significant differences between the techniques regarding the variation in FEV1 before and after bronchodilator use via a new spacer or primed spacer.
Priming new plastic spacers with 20 puffs of salbutamol did not cause additional bronchodilation in asthmatic children, suggesting this practice is inefficient in clinics.
Antibiotic susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas species isolated from clinical specimens to access, watch and reserve drugs across various hospital settings at a tertiary care hospital of central India
Authors: Soni Mitisha , Chaurasia Deepti , Kapoor Garima
Published: April 2024

Background and Objectives: Over the last decade, hospital-acquired infections, particularly in the critical care setting, have become more common, with Gram-negative bacterial infections having the highest prevalence. This study aims to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas species to WHO’s, aware class of antibiotics, which are commonly prescribed across various ICU’s, medical and surgical wards of our tertiary care teaching hospital.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study conducted from January 2021 to June 2022 at a tertiary care centre of cen- tral India identified Pseudomonas species from clinical samples using standard procedures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines (M100; 32th Edition).
Results: A total of 1490 non duplicate Pseudomonas species isolates were grown from 21,019 culture positive clinical sam- ples, of which 1247 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Out of these 1247 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 384 were MDR (30.7%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa were most commonly isolated from the pus samples (85%). ICU isolates were significantly more resistant to antibiotics than those from other units. P. aeruginosa strains from ICUs showed the highest rates of resistance to ceftazidime (93.9%). Reserve drug colistin showed good susceptibility (98.2%). All the 18 colistin resistant strains were found to be negative for plasmid mediated mcr-1,2,3 genes.
Conclusion: The study shall help to generate and disseminate the data so that proper antibiotic policy can be made for judi- cious use of Access, Watch and Reserve antibiotics and antibiotic de-escalation plan can be put forth.
Identification and assessment of antifungal susceptibility of Candida species based on bronchoalveolar lavage in immunocompromised and critically ill patients
Authors: Rezaei Robabeh , Aliannejad Rasoul , Falahati Mehraban , Ghasemi Zeinab , Ashrafi-Khozani Mahtab , Fattahi Mahsa , Razavi Tandis , Farahyar Shirin
Published: April 2024

Background and Objectives: The presence of fungi in the respiratory tract as mycobiome, particularly Candida species (spp.), remains a serious problem due to increasing numbers of immunocompromised patients. The confirmed reliable ex- istence of these pathogens due to frequent colonization is essential. This investigation aimed to recognize Candida spp. among isolates from bronchoalveolar lavage of immunocompromised and critically ill patients and to evaluate their suscep- tibility to antimycotic drugs.
Materials and Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected from 161 hospitalized patients presenting with sus- pected respiratory fungal infection /colonization. The specimens were examined by standard molecular and mycological assays. Candida spp. were recognized with sequence assessment of the D1-D2 section of the large subunit ribosomal DNA. The susceptibility of Candida isolates to common antimycotic drugs was distinguished by standard broth microdilution.
Results: Seventy-one clinical isolates of Candida spp. were recognized. Candida albicans was the most frequent, followed by C. glabrata, C. krusei (Pichia kudriavzevii), C. dubliniensis, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. We found 5.1% of C. albi- cans isolates and 8% of C. glabrata isolates to show resistance to fluconazole. The whole of the Candida spp. were sensitive to amphotericin B and caspofungin.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that C. albicans and C. glabrata are the most common isolates of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients, and the drug susceptibility screening confirmed that amphotericin B and caspofungin are effective against Candida spp. but some C.  glabrata and C. albicans isolates showed resistance to fluconazole.
First report of amphotericin B resistant Candida haemulonii isolated from the ICU of a referral hospital in Indonesia
Authors: Hanifah Rifdah , Wahid Mardiastuti , Yasmon Andi
Published: April 2024

Background and Objectives: Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent commonly used to treat Candida haemulonii infection. C. haemulonii was isolated from patients reported to be intrinsically resistant to amphotericin B, en- coded by the ERG2 and ERG11 genes. However, there have been limited studies concerning amphotericin B-resistant C. haemulonii in Indonesia. The objective of this study is to explore the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics (ERG2 and ERG11) of C. haemulonii isolated from the ICU of a referral hospital in Indonesia.
Materials and Methods: Identification and susceptibility tests were conducted using VITEK2. Thereafter, DNA was ex-tracted and amplified using conventional PCR followed by DNA sequencing (Sanger method).
Results: The results of the phenotypic susceptibility test showed that all C. haemulonii were resistant to amphotericin B. ERG2 and ERG11 sequences showed the same amino acid sequence and corresponded to references that are resistant to amphotericin B.
Conclusion: The resistant properties of C. haemulonii against amphotericin B found in this study require further exploration, including comparing resistant and sensitive C. haemulonii to amphotericin B. In addition, it is necessary to analyze other genes besides ERG2 and ERG11.
Ramazan Yemeklerinde Sosyo-Kültürel Değişim: Karaman İli Örneği
Authors: Akturfan Mustafa , Dağcı Tahir
Published: April 2024

Araştırmada Karamanda Ramazan yemekleri üzerinden sosyo-kültürel değişim incelenmiştir. Gastronomi ve din bağlamında Karaman ilindeki sosyo-kültürel değişimi açıklamak çalışmanın temel amacıdır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış ve kartopu tekniği ile yüz yüze görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubu olarak Karaman il merkezinde konuya bilen, farklı yaşlardan 13 katılımcı ile görüşülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgulardan betimsel analizler yapılmıştır. Bulgulara göre Karaman ilinde Ramazan ayı öncesinde geçmişteki gibi yemek hazırlıkları yapılmaktadır. İftar ve sahur sofralarında bazı yiyecekler standartlaşmış, bazı yemekler günümüzde aynen korunmuştur. Bazı yemekler dönüşerek günümüzde devam etmiş birçok yemek ise yeni kuşaklar tarafından unutulmuştur. Bayram sabahı gibi dini zaman dilimlerinde bütün ailenin bir arada olduğu özel yemekler yapılmaktadır. Geleneksel olarak tahıldan üretilen hamur türü yiyeceklerin; şehirleşme aşamaları, kadının iş hayatına katılması, yeni kuşakların yiyecek tercihi ve evlerin mimari yapısındaki değişiklikler sonucunda lokanta gibi işletmelerde üretilmeye başlandığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak Karaman şehir merkezinde Ramazan ayında sosyo-kültürel bir değişimin meydana geldiği ve bu değişimin tüketim alışkanlıklarını da doğrudan etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Karaman il merkezinde Ramazan ayındaki mutfak kültüründeki değişimin tespiti çalışmanın literatüre katkısıdır. Bu bağlamda çalışma ileride yapılacak sosyo-kültürel araştırmalara kaynak teşkil edecektir.
Online Real-Time Monitoring System of A Structural Steel Railway Bridge Using Wireless Smart Sensors
Authors: Qowiy Okghi A. , Aspar Wimpie A. N. , Susanto Herry , Fiantika Thiya , Suwarjono  , Muharam Aam , Setiawan Fauzi D. , Burhanuddin Rahmat
Published: April 2024

In the transportation network, railway bridges are crucial for the transfer of both passengers and commodities. Railway bridges require continuous monitoring to observe their performance. A structural health monitoring system is one method for assessing the viability of a railway bridge structure. The functioning of railroad bridge structures has been extensively observed using wireless technology. This research aims to implement smart wireless sensors for monitoring the structural health of the railway bridge online in real-time during operation. Many sensor kinds were installed on the railway bridge, including strain gauges, accelerometers, linear variable displacement transducers, and proximity sensors. Geometric modeling and numerical simulation were performed to find critical frame locations on the railway bridge where the instrumentation sensors would be placed. In this study, MONITA® is employed for data acquisition modules. The MONITA® system consists of a combination of hardware and software that functions to retrieve, send, store, and process data. This paper describes the result of the establishment of this method to comprehend the performance of the steel railway bridge structure in real-time via the human-machine interface display dashboard. As a result, the monitoring system can appropriately be used to assess a structural railway bridge in real-time. This study may be helpful to practicing engineers and researchers in future studies of steel railway bridge evaluation. This could be a useful reference for future studies in implementing such systems as the railway bridge early warning system technique in detecting bridge damage.
A Brief Introduction into Scriptural Grounding of Contemporary Social Work
Authors: Nistor Petronela Polixenia
Published: April 2024

Social work, as a model of welfare practice in contemporary society, is based on the mutual aid principle of those in need or in a situation of vulnerability. Its historical foundations can be identified from the ancient writings, including the Holy Scripture of the Old and New Testaments. This paper brings to the attention of the students from the Faculty of Orthodox Theology, the Social Work specialization, but also of those concerned with a deep social-theological knowledge, the perspective of a theoretical analysis, but also that of a good practice model for contemporary social work based on the examples existing in Holy Scripture. Also, the focus is on developing, through study, professional skills that provide for the projection and elaboration of a discourse based on sacred texts (verbal and written exposure), but also the correct statement of the doctrine of the Church and the means transmitted by it for the perfecting of the person and of the world in the context of a constantly changing society. Thus, through this comprehensive analysis, the paper highlights the relevance and sustainable impact of the teachings and practices of social work in the Old and New Testaments on contemporary issues solvable through social justice, christian love, solidarity and community responsibility.
A Summary Prospecting of Possibilities of Providing Public Health Services at the Level of North-East Region of Romania
Authors: Bostan Patricia
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates issues related to the public health system in the North-East Region of Romania, focusing on possibilities for addressing/improving specific deficiencies/difficulties. The concerned region is characterized by the highest and densest population in the country, with a significant proportion of residents in rural areas (55%) and a high level of poverty. Population health indicators are among the weakest nationally, and the healthcare infrastructure is inadequate for the population's needs, with an uneven distribution that generates significant inequalities in access to medical services in the respective counties. Starting from the (statistical) certainty that Romania ranks among EU member states with the highest avoidable mortality, the paper addresses both preventable causes through public health interventions and treatable causes through quality care. After a brief introduction, the overall state of the public health system in Romania is examined, followed by a detailed analysis of the main issue stated in the title, highlighting multiple critical aspects based on data and information from official reports of prestigious institutions. Special attention is given to specific issues in local communities related to healthcare infrastructure and the provision of medical services, as well as possible solutions offered through the implementation of the General Regional Health Services Plan 2021-2027 in the North-East Region. The paper concludes with a section of conclusions, which includes perspectives on the future development of the analyzed sector.