bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of bacterial Uropathogens in patients with acute, recurrent and chronic urinary tract infection in Kirkuk city, Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Fatma Mustafa , Saleh Mahmood K.
Published: October 2024

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common types of infections. They place a huge burden on health systems worldwide. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections and are a major problem worldwide. The most important problem is recurrence of infection and may develop into chronic cases. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogens and their types in acute, recurrent and chronic urinary tract infections in Kirkuk Governorate. 151 urine samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infections who visited private clinics in Kirkuk Governorate. They were diagnosed by a urologist for the period from December 2022 to October 2023. The ages of the patients ranged from 21-76 years. Microscopic examination, laboratory tests, culture and isolation of pathogens were performed and the diagnosis was confirmed using the Vitek device to diagnose bacterial isolates with a high degree of accuracy after confirming them by initial biochemical tests. In the current study, the number of male patients with urinary tract infections was 62, representing 41.1%, while the number of female patients was 89, representing 58.9%. The case was diagnosed as acute, recurrent or chronic. The results of the current study showed that the number of samples for patients with acute urinary tract infections was 91 samples, representing 60.3%. The number of males was 37, representing 40.7%, and the number of females was 54, representing 59.3%. As for the cases of patients with recurrent urinary tract infections, their number was 23, representing 42.6% of males, while the number of females was 31, representing 57.4%. As for the chronic cases, the number of males was 2, representing 33.3%, while the number of females was 4, representing 66.7%. After the cases of the patients to be studied were diagnosed, the diagnostic results showed the difference in the types of bacteria isolated, and it was found that they were for. E coli, where their number was 76 and their percentage was 50.4%, while Klebsiella pneumonia was also among the most common isolates in our study, where their number was 23 and their percentage was 15.3%, and these two isolates were the most common in all the clinical cases that were studied. The results of this work showed that the two most common isolates in patients with acute, recurrent and chronic urinary tract infections are Klebsiella. Pneumonia and E coli.
Health risks and environmental impacts of domestic wastewater at Adétikopé (Togo, West Africa)
Authors: Gbekley Efui Holaly , Komi Kossi , Poli Sossawè , Gbekley Abla -Sika Hanou , Adjoussi Pèssiezoum
Published: October 2024

The demographic growth rate of the locality of Adétikopé causes a problem of management of waste water, sanitation, health and especially habitat. The densification of populations in these types of municipalities causes health problems linked to environmental degradation. The objective of this study is to identify the consequences (socio-sanitary and environmental impacts) caused by the poor management of wastewater in the peri-urban municipality of Adétikopé and to propose solutions. From August 2022 to July 2023, we undertook a socio-sanitary survey within the households of the commune using semi-structured questionnaires and interviews with health and communal officials. To this was added participant observation in the neighborhoods of the municipality. Thus, the frequencies of malaria and anemia are linked to poor management of water and household waste. Respiratory infections are due to unsanitary housing and air pollution. The populations of these generally deprived neighborhoods have little information on the relationship and the implication of the state of the environment on their health problems so that they are not very interested in the man-agement of their living environment. The recommended solutions in-clude, among other things, the use of impregnated mosquito nets and the use of hygiene and sanitary techniques.
Explainable deep learning for glaucoma detection: Efficient dense net with quantum-based Dwarf Mongoose optimization
Authors: Deepa J. , Rao Pinagadi Venkateswara , Krishnan Gokula , Therasa M. , Priya K. Hema
Published: October 2024

Glaucoma, a progressive eye disease, leads to irreversible vision loss due to optic nerve damage. This study aims to develop a more explainable and interpretable deep learning-based model for the detection and classification of glaucoma, addressing the current limitations in the field. The proposed approach utilizes a modified DenseNet-201 architecture, incorporating an additional transition layer for enhanced glaucoma classification. A pre-trained Efficient DenseNet is applied, and a reweighted cross-entropy loss function is used to handle the class imbalance in the training data. Quantum-based Dwarf Mongoose Optimization (QDMOA) is employed to fine-tune the model’s parameters, minimizing over fitting and improving generalization on small datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively detects and classifies two types of glaucoma. The use of dense connections with regularization significantly reduces over fitting, and the reweighted loss function improves model performance on imbalanced data. The developed deep learning model offers improved accuracy in glaucoma detection and classification while addressing the need for more interpretable and reliable models in medical applications. This research provides a practical tool for automated glaucoma screening, which could support ophthalmologists in early diagnosis and treatment, reducing the risk of irreversible vision loss.
Cultivating a culture of intervention: Bystander programs and the prevention of sexual violence
Authors: Marhayati Nelly , Suryani Suryani , Badriyah Lailatul , Sitorus Iwan Ramadhan
Published: October 2024

This systematic review examines the effectiveness of bystander intervention programs in preventing sexual violence, with a focus on the role of masculinity and cultural factors. The review synthesizes findings from six studies, employing a mixed-methods approach to analyze quantitative and qualitative data. The results highlight the significance of bystander intervention in preventing sexual violence, particularly among young people. The studies demonstrate that programs targeting men and boys, addressing traditional masculinity norms, and promoting empathy and prosocial behavior are effective in reducing sexual violence. Cultural factors, such as social norms and community engagement, also play a crucial role in shaping bystander behavior. The review concludes that bystander intervention programs have the potential to create a culture of empathy and action, but require careful consideration of cultural context and nuances. The findings have implications for the development of effective prevention strategies and highlight the need for further research in this area. By understanding the complexities of bystander behavior, we can work towards creating safer and more supportive communities for all individuals.
Applying the internet of things (IoT) for raising black soldier Fly (BSF) in closed system to minimize greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Soontronprasatporn Kitiphan , Arunrungrusmi Somchai , Tunlasakun Khanchai , Mungkung Narong , Tamrongkunannun Tanapon
Published: October 2024

The Black Soldier Fly (BSF), scientifically known as Hermetia Illucens L., effectively reduces organic waste and decreases harmful gas emissions more efficiently than landfill or composting methods. However, it can still produce harmful gases during the rearing of BSF larvae, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ammonia (NH3), which contribute directly and indirectly to the greenhouse effect. The pH level of the food provided to the larvae affects their biomass and leads to varying levels of gas emissions. This study aims to investigate the impact of greenhouse gas emissions when different pH levels of food are used, utilizing IoT technology to measure greenhouse gases and control the environmental conditions for rearing BSF larvae. The greenhouse gases monitored in this study include carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), with environmental factors such as air temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and light intensity being controlled. The experiment tested pH levels ranging from 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0 to 10.0. The results show that different pH levels in food affect the emission of CO2 and CH4. Initially, a large amount of CO2 is released, gradually decreasing over time, while CH4 emissions steadily increase. In the early days, CH4 emissions are unstable, fluctuating before stabilizing. Food with a pH of 2.0 results in the lowest average CO2 emissions (430.53 PPM) from BSF larvae, and the lowest CH4 emissions (16.11 PPM) are also observed with a pH of 2.0.
Autonomous learning patterns of students with special needs in quantum learning using flipbook media at Indonesia
Authors: Rohmah Ima Isnaini Taufiqur , Nurdianingsih Fitri , Rahmawati Okta Ika , Prasetyo Achmad Danny , Asyidda Rossdina
Published: October 2024

Autonomous learning referred to students’ ways and processes to develop their learning skill independently and take responsibility of it. Autonomous learning encouraged students to have active responsibility in their learning process, develop their metacognitive skill, and be more independent and proactive learners. This study aimed to investigate autonomous learning pattern of students with special needs in quantum learning using flipbook media. This was qualitative research in form of case study. The participants were primary school students at Bojonegoro Regency, Tuban Regency, and Cepu Regency. Those regencies covered various students’ backgrounds and special needs. From all participants, five students were selected specifically. They were selected because they showed characteristics of autonomous learning skill that could be easily identified. Data was collected using observation and in-depth interview. Technique in analyzing data was thematic analysis technique. Data was validated using member checking. Result of study showed that students with special needs who utilized flipbook media in quantum learning tend to be more independent in setting learning goals, managing learning process, taking initiative, completing assignments, and conducting self-reflection to their progress. It could be concluded that quantum learning using flipbook media could be effectively create five patterns of autonomous learning for students with special needs at Indonesia.
Cyber attacks on radiological systems
Authors: Viculin Davor , Mihanović Frane
Published: October 2024

The base of today’s radiological devices are computers and networks. The radiology department has a specific way of working and there are standards such as DICOM for medical image records, PACS for archiving and communication, and HL7 for information exchange in the medical system. As radiology becomes an economically interesting branch, it becomes a target for cyber-attacks. At the same time, radiological systems contain a lot of personal data that are valuable. The reasons for the attacks are often financial gain, political, ideological or personal. The start of an attack can be physical access to radiological devices or network access. DICOM files can be the trigger of an attack. We divide attacks into those that directly affect patients, those that have an indirect impact, and those that affect the infrastructure. Well known types are Denial-Of-Service, malware, cryptographic attacks and making changes of device settings. When defending against cyber-attacks, it is important to secure communication by e-mail and to keep software updated. The IT department of the radiology department should observe accounts of all users and check the authorizations. Networks must have access restrictions according to workplaces and purposes to prevent unwanted access. Web proxy protection restricts access to Internet sites that are potentially dangerous. The basics of the department’s network, such as servers, must be physically secured from access. DICOM files should be encrypted with the most secure algorithms available. In response to cyber-attacks, it is necessary to have standard procedures and such a system must always be on standby. Known attacks on radiological systems are Kwampiris, Petja/NotPetya, Ryuk, Wannacry, Conti group and BianLian.
The overview of imaging protocols for chest CT
Authors: Milanović Litre Mia , Matijaš Tatjana
Published: October 2024

Computed Tomography (CT) is a common method of choice in the diagnosis of thoracic diseases. Since CT operates on the principle of ionizing radiation and frequently involves the use of contrast agents, it is crucial to standardize CT protocols to reduce the need for repeat imaging and, consequently, minimize patient exposure to radiation. The selection of a CT protocol primarily depends on the patient’s clinical indications and needs. The main classification of CT protocols distinguishes between the use of contrast agents (CECT) and non-contrast protocols (NCCT). The LDCT protocol is characterized by a low radiation dose and high sensitivity for detecting pulmonary nodules, making it suitable for lung cancer screening. Ultra-LDCT yields satisfactory results in diagnosing pneumonia and pneumothorax. Cine CT enables the assessment of cardiac function throughout the entire cardiac cycle, though it involves a high radiation dose and low temporal resolution. The use of contrast agents is particularly beneficial for differentiating adjacent non-vascular structures, more accurately identifying vascular anatomy, and improving the detection and characterization of pathological lesions. For diagnosing vascular pathologies, CTA is used, while CTPA is essential for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) with high sensitivity and specificity. TRO CT is useful in cases of acute chest pain to rule out emergencies. Dynamic changes in tissue perfusion are monitored with DCE-CT, which is also valuable in tumor diagnostics. In pediatric applications of CT for the chest, it is essential to emphasize the use of the lowest possible radiation dose and contrast agent to minimize risks.
Vibrato in the modern pop-music: technological and performing aspects
Authors: Julea Violeta
Published: October 2024

In the center of the author’s attention is one of the most important vocal methods – the vibrato widely used both in the professional music of academic tradition, especially in the opera genre, as well as in various genres of pop-music, rock or jazz. The author examines the physiological aspects of the given method, explains how the sound is emitted when vibrato is applied. Types of realization of this procedure are differentiated: with the oscillation of the sound in the ascending or descending direction, with the oscillation of the vocal „mask” or of the vocal cords, etc. The author proposes some exercises that can be useful for developing the skills of correct vibrato application. Likewise, the differences of vibrato in classical music and pop-music, rock or jazz are demonstrated. As far as the styles and genres of pop music are concerned, the use of the given process is mainly evidenced in the vocal ballad genre, adding an emotional depth to the performance, emphasizing the color of the voice and easing the emission of the vocal sound. So, the vibrato technique is an important component of any contemporary vocalist’s arsenal.
The specifics of percussion instruments treatment inthe jazz music from the 1950s
Authors: Moiseev Petru
Published: October 2024

In the center of the author’s attention are the percussion instruments of jazz origin from the 1950s. The purpose of the paper consists in the analysis of the interpretative features developed within two main currents of jazz from this period, namely: West Coast Jazz and East Coast Jazz. The stylistic specificity of the cool style drummers stands out through the restrained way of expression – both in the accompanying and solo fragments. C. Hamilton was one of the first modern drummers who had the courage to abandon the jazz rhythms of the classical period. The performer created distinctive and memorable rhythmic patterns, later using them as accompaniment. Instead of using ride cymbals and high-hats in the accompaniment, C. Hamilton implemented the snare drum or tom-tom as the main voice. Therefore, each piece had individualized rhythmic patterns and its own coloring. The main style of East Coast jazz was hard bop, represented by great drummers such as Philly Joe Jones, Roy Brooks, Louis Hayes, Art Taylor, Roy Haynes, Roger Humphries, Elvin Jones, Lex Humphries, Max Roach, Art Blakey, Mickey Roker, Ben Riley, Jimmy Cobb, Frankie Dunlop, Billy Higgins.
The art of the actor – basic element in the creation of the theatrical performance
Authors: Gaju Emil
Published: October 2024

The article includes several ideas underlying acting art: –love is the basic feeling in the scenic act process: it refers to the love for the respective dramatic text, love for the role, and in particular, it refers to the love for the process of creating the character; –anticipation of the whole (of the integrity): that feeling, that comes as a revelation and which contains in itself all the characteristics inherent in the process of developing the character; –reverse perspective, not retrospective, but exactly the reverse perspective: that ineffable feeling, that you are posted on the peak you have to reach as a result of hard work – the character entirely created and that state of grace helps and guides you throughout the long way full of hardships and pitfalls of scenic labor.
The Impact of Foreign Direct Investments on the Performance of Egyptian Stock Market Sectors Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Nabil Myvel
Published: October 2024

This study attempts to investigate the impact of foreign direct investments, represented by net foreign direct investment, considering economic changes on the Performance of Egyptian Stock Market Sectors. This has been applied on 13 sectors in the Egyptian exchange on an annual basis during 2007-2021. The stock return is measured by calculating the change in sectoral indices. Additionally, this study employs Panel Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) to compare the results and identify the best approach in prediction.

The findings indicate that there is a positive impact of foreign direct investments on sectors’ performance. Macroeconomic factors, including GDP growth, inflation, real interest rate, and market capitalization, are also identified as determinants of performance of exchange sectors. The results reveal that the model based on the K-Nearest Neighbors approach performs better in prediction compared to other techniques. The empirical results provide several practical implications and new insights for policymakers and investors, highlighting the need for further studies can examine the impact of decision of investments on the financial performance under unstable political and health conditions.
Alih Media Arsip Sebagai Upaya Preservasi Di Dinas Perpustakaan Dan Kearsipan Labuhanbatu Utara
Authors: Nazmiah Yusdi Arwana  , Abdul Karim Batubara  , Muslih Fathurrahman
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine the transfer of archival media as a preservation effort. The research method used is a qualitative method with descriptive research that uses interview methods to describe data obtained directly by researchers. The research results show that the media transfer processing process as a preservation effort must use guidelines, namely SOP (standard operational procedure) or media transfer processing workflow issued by the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia. With this SOP (standard operational procedure), it will be easier for archives to transfer documents. This SOP was prepared to provide guidance or stages in implementing the media transfer process and is expected to make it easier for archivists to carry out the media transfer process. The obstacles/constraints faced in the process of transferring archival media as a preservation effort are the obstacles faced by archivists in processing media transfer collections in a preservation effort, namely the lack of human resources, many archivists in the North Labuhanbatu Library and Archives Service do not yet know about media transfer processing, only 2 archivists who can process transfer of media and also inadequate facilities and infrastructure.
Analisis Preservasi Arsip Statis di Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Labuhanbatu
Authors: Putri Septiani  , Abdul Karim Batubara  , M. Nasihudin Ali
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research is to find out more about the Labuhanbatu Regency Library and Archives Service's approach to static archive preservation, as well as the challenges faced and the steps taken to overcome them.  To ensure the security and protection of archives, static archive preservation is carried out.  This type of research uses qualitative descriptive techniques.  This research uses the Miles & Huberman data analysis approach, which specifically focuses on data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.  Through observation, interviews, and documentation, researchers collect information for data analysis.  Two people participated in this research as informants.  Using a purposive sampling approach, these informants were selected from among those who met the requirements of the research subjects, namely, archivists who had knowledge of archival preservation. The research findings show that although the static archive preservation of the Labuhanbatu Regency Library and Archives Service is good, it still does not meet the expectations of the theory that guides the research.  Archives activists are of the opinion that despite their best efforts, archives are still not optimally maintained due to various obstacles, including inadequate funding, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and human resources who do not understand archives.  Efforts made by archivists include providing special archival training on archival science, building inadequate facilities and infrastructure with allocated funds, and prioritizing the use of the budget for crucial tasks to achieve archive maintenance in good condition.
Analisis Psikologis pada Naskah Monolog HARI TERAKHIR SEORANG TERPIDANA MATI Karya Victor Hugo
Authors: Muhammad Hanif Hukama  , Apsi Nugraha  , Risma Ayu Destrian
Published: October 2024

Psychology in the Monologue Script "The Last Day of a Death Row Convict" by Victor Hugo discusses the psychology of the main character in the text. This script shows the main character who is on death row and experiencing significant psychological changes. This analysis uses a psychoanalytic approach to understand how the main character faces the death penalty and how these psychological changes influence his behavior. The results of the analysis show that the main character experiences complex and dynamic psychological changes. He experienced depression, hopelessness, and anxiety related to the death sentence he faced. The conclusion of this analysis is that Victor Hugo's "The Last Day of a Death Row Convict" presents a complex and dynamic main psychological character. Psychoanalysis helps understand how the main character faces the death penalty and how these psychological changes influence his behavior. The results of this analysis can be used to understand the psychology of individuals who face difficult situations and how they develop strategies to deal with these situations.
Analisis Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Media Visual Terhadap Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Siswa
Authors: Dila Rizki Amanda
Published: October 2024

The focus of this research is to investigate the influence of visual learning media on students' Indonesian language learning outcomes. The aim is to reveal the use of YouTube as an Indonesian language learning tool, explore students' perceptions of using Kahoot (a game-based learning application), describe the impact of using Quizizz on student motivation and learning outcomes, and analyze the e-learning learning process via the Edmodo platform in subjects Indonesian. It is also believed that the use of this media can increase students' interest in reading and stimulate the development of their ideas. With stimulated ideas, students' thinking abilities, especially higher level thinking, can be improved directly. In this rapidly developing era, the role of teachers is increasingly vital in the world of education. They are expected to actively develop insight and skills, including in the use of learning media. Visual media is an effective tool in learning, helping students understand the material better. Therefore, it is important for teachers to continue to innovate in creating learning media that suits the needs of the subjects being taught, in order to increase learning effectiveness and student engagement.
Upaya dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Permulaan di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Disti Yuni Sari  , Lisa Oktariani  , Mila Novira
Published: October 2024

Beginning writing skills are an important component in children’s language development at the elementary school level. In this article, literature research was carried out with the aim of studying various strategies to improve elementary school students’ initial writing abilities. This article identifies effective methods to be implemented in basic education by analyzing previous studies. These findings will contribute to the development of more efficient writing learning strategies.
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran PBK (Proyek Belajar Karakter) Terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Teks Drama Siswa Kelas XI SMK Swasta Prama Artha Bandar Huluan
Authors: Vira Wahyu Ningsih
Published: October 2024

This research aims to, (1) To analyze students’ skills in writing drama texts using the Character Learning Project strategy for class XI students at Prama Artha Bandar Huluan Private Vocational School. (2) To analyze students’ skills in writing drama texts without using the Character Learning Project strategy for class XI students at Prama Artha Bandar Huluan Private Vocational School. (3) To analyze the influence of the Character Learning Project strategy on the drama text writing skills of Prama Artha Bandar Huluan Private Vocational School class students. The population in this study were class , and writing linguistic rules for drama texts. The method used in this research is a two group posttest design. Data analysis techniques use analysis prerequisite tests, normality tests, and hypothesis tests. The research results in the control class obtained an average of 71.58 and were included in the sufficient category. Meanwhile, the research results used the Character Learning Project strategy 82.19 and were included in the very good category. Through hypothesis testing, namely 2.02 7.57, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence from the use of the Character Learning Project strategy on the Drama Text Writing Skills of Class XI Students of Prama Artha Bandar Huluan Private Vocational School.
Pengembangan Buku Portofolio Literasi Berbasis Ajaran Tri-N untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Dewi Wulandari  , Akbar Al Masjid
Published: October 2024

This study aims to improve the writing skills of fable stories in grade V students. The type of research used is R&D (Research and Development) or development research. This development research uses the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Impementation, and Evaluation). The researcher has developed a literacy portfolio book based on Tri-N teaching for students' writing skills. Data collection was conducted by observing the learning process, interviewing educators, tests in the form of pre and post tests, and questionnaires to determine student and teacher responses. Data collection is supported by documentation of the implementation of learning by applying the product. The results of research using this development product can be said to be feasible based on the assessment of media experts and linguists. Based on the results of the pre test, post test, teacher response, and student response, the use of Tri-N teaching-based literacy portfolio books can improve the writing skills of fifth grade elementary school students so that it can be said that this product is effective.,
Pengaruh Model Learning Cycle 5E Terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Resensi Pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 8 Medan Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Riza Risma Dewi
Published: October 2024

This research aims to, (1) To determine the ability to write reviews in class XI students of SMA Negeri 8 Medan using the Conventional model, (2) To determine the ability to write reviews in class ) To determine the effect of the 5E Learning Cycle model on the ability to write reviews in class XI students at SMA Negeri 8 Medan. The population in this study were all class XI students, totaling 309 people. The sample consisted of 65 people who were divided into two classes, namely the control class with 32 people and the experimental class with 33 people. The instruments used in this research are the title, book identity, outline of the book's contents, book advantages, book weaknesses, closing review, spelling and punctuation, and neatness of writing. This research uses a two group test design experimental method using a quantitative approach. The data analysis techniques used are analysis requirements tests, normality tests, and hypothesis tests. The research results in writing reviews using the conventional model are in the fair category with an average value of 62. Meanwhile, the research results in writing reviews using the Learning Cycle 5E model are in the good category with an average value of 74. Through hypothesis testing, a t count of 18 is obtained. .05 > t table 1.66, this proves that there is a significant influence from the use of the Learning Cycle 5E model on the ability to write reviews in class XI students at SMA Negeri 8 Medan for the 2023/2024 academic year.
PURULENT-NECROTIC COMPLICATIONS AFTER AMPUTATION OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES: ISSUES OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION
Authors:   Tashkent Medical Academy, Head of the Department of General and Pediatric Surgery-1, Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Oripovich Okhunov Alisher
Published: October 2024

Transfemoral amputation of a limb performed by a patient with obliterating atherosclerosis with irreversible ischemia is a difficult, traumatic operation and is accompanied by high mortality. High mortality after amputation of a limb at the hip level is associated with the severity of the general condition of patients and complications of the postoperative period. As our studies have shown, the most common complication after limb amputation is an infection of the femoral stump wound, its development is directly related to metabolic disorders in patients, a decrease in the immune status, ischemia of the stump tissues and foci of secondary infection. The clinical picture of infection of the femoral stump wound is variable. It depends, first, on the patient's general condition, the process's spread, the trophism of the stump tissues, and the nature of the microflora. Improving the treatment results of patients who have undergone limb amputation is possible by performing all the necessary preventive measures regarding ischemia and stump infection in the prescribed volume and the development of infectious complications, as well as treatment by the requirements of modern purulent surgery.
Maritime Trade: Riding the Waves of Commerce and Weathering the Storms of Disruption
Authors:   Islamic Development Bank Institute, Yagci Mustafa , Noordali Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Throughout history, expansive oceans have served as viable trade routes, facilitating the interconnectedness and exchange of cultures among nations through the movement of goods and intellectual interchanges. The revolutionary introduction of containerized shipping in 1956 laid the groundwork for the profound integration of global economies, culminating in the phenomenon we now describe as globalization. By 2020, maritime trade had risen to an estimated value of USD12.3 trillion, representing approximately 70% of global trade. Containerized shipping dominated this sector, accounting for 66% of maritime trade volume, largely driven by the increasing prevalence of high-value commercial goods shipped in standardized containers. In today’s world, maritime transport serves as the lifeblood of international trade and the global economy, with over 80% of the global volume of goods traded by sea in 2021. This reliance on maritime trade is particularly pronounced for most developing countries, for whom seaborne-transported goods and services represent an even higher share of their trade activity. The heightened visibility of disruptions to maritime trade since the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored its critical role in the global economy and its profound impact on Emerging Market and Developing Economies (EMDEs).
Enhancing Crisis Management Frameworks and Supervision of the Islamic Financial Services Industry
Authors: Al Ghassani Rashid
Published: October 2024

While the Islamic financial services industry has thus far been fortunate to avoid a large-scale crisis, valuable lessons can be learned from conventional finance in order to effectively manage any potential future challenges. Until now, the Islamic finance sector has a good track record of successfully resolving isolated issues at the national level in a timely and measured manner. This experience provides a strong foundation upon which to build robust crisis management protocols. The nature and pace of a crisis can vary significantly depending on the affected sector and the level of interdependence within that system. Banking crises, for instance, tend to unfold rapidly due to the vital role of liquidity. The ease with which assets can be withdrawn and the resulting impact on confidence further accelerates such financial emergencies. While the last three decades have witnessed a multitude of such events, a closer examination reveals both common threads and crucial distinctions. One common element across these crises is the erosion of trust in financial institutions. This can be triggered by excessive risk-taking, a mismatch between assets and liabilities, or external economic shocks. When confidence declines, deposit withdrawals escalate, creating a liquidity crisis that can quickly spiral out of control. The speed and severity of this phenomenon is often magnified by the interconnectedness of the modern financial system.
Predictors of interferon-gamma release assay results and their association with COVID-19 infection outcomes
Authors: Kang S.J.W. , Eather G.W. , Qureshi F. , Scott J.R.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
An ‘indeterminate’ interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) result used in the diagnosis of latent TB infection (LTBI) is most commonly due to an inadequate control (or ‘mitogen’) response, which may reflect underlying
T-cell dysfunction.

METHODS
We performed a single-centre, retrospective study on COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary referral hospital who had IGRA testing conducted over a 5-month period. The primary outcomes included predictors of
indeterminate IGRA results and associations with COVID-19 outcomes.

RESULTS
A total of 181 patients were included for analysis. Approximately one-third of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 with IGRA testing performed (60/181) had an indeterminate
result. The likelihood of an indeterminate IGRA was increased in patients with a history of solid organ transplant and a higher severity of COVID-19 at the time of testing. An indeterminate IGRA was associated with a higher risk of severe COVID-19 and a higher risk of admission to the ICU
during admission to the hospital. No difference in mortality between the two subgroups was found.

CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrated that COVID-19 patients on immunosuppression had a high likelihood of an indeterminate IGRA result, which was
associated with markers of disease severity and immunosuppression. In this cohort, an indeterminate result was associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes.
Stool Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra for TB diagnosis in children: experience from a national scale-up programme
Authors: Kabir S. , Choudhury S. , Rahman T. , Rahman S.M.M. , Uddin M.K.M. , Nashra A. , Hossain A. , Naher S. , Towhid K.M.S. , Shahrin L. , Ahmed S. , Daru P. , Hoffmann J. , Banu S.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION
We describe the programmatic scale-up of stool testing using Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra), as recommended by the WHO to improve childhood pulmonary TB (PTB) diagnosis.

METHODS
USAID's
Alliance for Combating TB in Bangladesh Activity, in collaboration with the National TB Control Programme, is implementing a stool-based diagnostic approach at 51 healthcare facilities in Bangladesh to improve PTB detection. Specimens from children (<15 years) with presumptive TB were tested
using ‘stool Ultra’ with routine TB diagnostics. Physicians confirmed TB diagnosis and provided treatment as per national guidelines.

RESULTS
Between March 2022 and December 2023, 16,429 specimens were tested, 871 (5.3%) were
positive, and 642 (73.7%) showed ‘trace detected’ results. Positivity was significantly higher among females, and children presented with ‘only cough ≥2 weeks’, ‘cough ≥2 weeks + weight loss’, or ‘fever ≥2 weeks, weight loss, fatigue + contact
history’. Positivity was higher among ‘10–14 years old’ children; however, ‘trace detected’ was highest among ‘5–9 years’, followed by children aged ‘>2–<5 years’ and ‘0–2 years’.

CONCLUSIONS
Testing
stools using Ultra provides a more effective way of diagnosing bacteriologically positive PTB in children. However, positivity varies with presenting symptoms/criteria, highlighting the need for careful diagnostic evaluation to ensure optimum use of limited diagnostic resources.
A magia da aprendizagem: encantando alunos com histórias e contos de fadas
Authors: Ribeiro Lucilene Batista , Monteiro Gabriela Clotilde dos Santos , Almeida Gleicianne Sampaio de , Uliana Renata da Silva Santos , Schneider Franciane Aparecida Duarte Martins , Silva Carina Duarte Martins da
Published: October 2024

Este estudo investiga o impacto da utilização de histórias e contos de fadas como ferramentas pedagógicas no ensino fundamental I, baseando-se em um estudo de caso múltiplo realizado em três escolas públicas de São Paulo. A pesquisa revela resultados significativos, demonstrando um aumento de 37% na participação ativa dos alunos e uma redução de 28% nos conflitos interpessoais. O desenvolvimento da criatividade e do pensamento crítico foi evidenciado por um aumento de 45% na complexidade das narrativas criadas pelos alunos e uma melhoria de 32% na capacidade de análise crítica de textos. A abordagem promoveu maior contextualização e interdisciplinaridade, com um aumento de 53% na integração de conteúdos de diferentes disciplinas. Observou-se também uma melhoria significativa nas habilidades de leitura e escrita, com aumentos de 41% na fluência de leitura, 38% na compreensão textual e 35% na qualidade das produções escritas. Desafios como a falta de formação específica e escassez de materiais adequados foram identificados. O estudo conclui que a utilização de narrativas como recurso pedagógico tem um potencial transformador, promovendo uma aprendizagem mais significativa, integral e humanizada. Recomenda-se a inclusão desta abordagem nos programas de formação docente, o desenvolvimento de materiais didáticos específicos e a implementação de políticas educacionais de apoio. As limitações do estudo apontam para a necessidade de pesquisas futuras mais abrangentes e longitudinais.
A arte de contar histórias: desenvolvendo imaginação e linguagem na educação infantil
Authors: Lourdes Dayane Freitas de , Lima Laise Katiane Alencar , Lima Kátia Alencar , Celmer Adriana Aniceto de Souza , Silva José Uilson da , Pereira Adonias Nonato da Silva
Published: October 2024

Este estudo investiga a influência da contação de histórias no desenvolvimento da imaginação e da linguagem em crianças de 3 a 5 anos na educação infantil brasileira contemporânea. Utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa, com observações participantes e entrevistas semiestruturadas com educadores, a pesquisa examinou as práticas pedagógicas e seus impactos no desenvolvimento infantil. Os resultados indicam uma correlação positiva entre a frequência de atividades de contação de histórias e o aumento do vocabulário e da capacidade de expressão verbal das crianças. Estratégias interativas e multissensoriais demonstraram maior engajamento, alinhando-se com teorias de aprendizagem ativa. A integração de tecnologias digitais apresentou resultados promissores em termos de motivação e atenção, embora seu uso deva ser equilibrado com métodos tradicionais. Educadores relataram desafios na implementação consistente dessas práticas, principalmente relacionados à falta de tempo e recursos. O estudo corrobora a literatura existente sobre a importância da contação de histórias no desenvolvimento infantil, evidenciando seu potencial transformador no ambiente educacional. Limitações incluem a amostra geograficamente restrita e o período limitado de observação. Recomenda-se a realização de estudos longitudinais para avaliar impactos a longo prazo e investigações mais aprofundadas sobre a integração de tecnologias digitais. Conclui-se que a contação de histórias permanece uma ferramenta pedagógica fundamental na educação infantil, com potencial significativo para promover o desenvolvimento integral das crianças, demandando contínua pesquisa e aprimoramento das práticas pedagógicas.
Inovações pedagógicas: caminhos para uma educação transformadora
Authors: Caldeira Vanessa Morgado Madeira , Silva Washington Luiz da , Oliveira Zenayre Mendes de , Silva Marcos Vinícius Malheiros da , Damião Janice Dalva dos Santos , Correa Roseli Aparecida
Published: October 2024

Este estudo analisou as inovações pedagógicas e tecnológicas na educação, abordando seus benefícios e desafios. O problema investigado foi a falta de compreensão sobre os reais benefícios e desafios das inovações pedagógicas e tecnológicas na educação. O objetivo geral foi analisar   essas inovações, identificando suas principais contribuições e os desafios associados à sua implementação. A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisão bibliográfica, que incluiu a análise de artigos científicos, livros e outros documentos acadêmicos relevantes. Os resultados mostraram que a integração de tecnologias e metodologias inovadoras pode transformar   o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, tornando-o interativo. No entanto, a implementação dessas inovações enfrenta barreiras como a falta de infraestrutura adequada, a resistência dos educadores e a necessidade de formação contínua. As considerações finais destacaram a importância de investir em infraestrutura e formação para capacitar os educadores a utilizarem as novas tecnologias de maneira eficaz. Além disso, sugeriu-se a necessidade de outros estudos para complementar os achados e explorar novas estratégias para superar as barreiras identificadas.
Autismo e inclusão escolar: revisão crítica e estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Miranda Jéssica Figuera Oliveira , Batista João Antonio Assis de Santana , Rodrigues Gabriel Angelo de Paula , Amâncio Andressa Morais , Silva Samuel Brito da , Lima Alana Silva , Souza Ivanildo Cardoso de
Published: October 2024

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um distúrbio do neurodesenvolvimento caracterizado por déficits na comunicação social e comportamentos repetitivos, manifestando-se desde a infância. Este estudo realiza uma análise bibliométrica para quantificar a produção científica sobre autismo e inclusão escolar, com foco nas contribuições de instituições brasileiras. Utilizando a base de dados Scopus e ferramentas de análise como o RStudio, foram avaliados artigos publicados entre 1963 e 2024. Os resultados mostram que a maioria das pesquisas sobre autismo vem dos Estados Unidos (44,9%), seguidos pelo Reino Unido (13,8%) e Austrália (6,25%). Esses países lideram devido ao elevado investimento em pesquisa e ao interesse crescente em compreender o transtorno, refletindo políticas de inclusão e saúde pública. Países europeus como Alemanha, Suécia e Holanda, com contribuições entre 1,95% e 2,36%, também priorizam a pesquisa sobre TEA. Em contraste, o Brasil tem uma contribuição modesta, com 1,59% dos estudos, indicando uma lacuna significativa no desenvolvimento de pesquisas sobre autismo, terapia comportamental e inclusão escolar. As disparidades econômicas e institucionais entre as nações ajudam a explicar essa variação na produção científica. O estudo destaca a necessidade urgente de que o Brasil amplie seus investimentos em pesquisa e mobilize esforços para se alinhar ao cenário internacional, promovendo estudos que possam fortalecer as práticas educacionais inclusivas e terapias para pessoas com TEA.
Espaços compartilhados na escola para aprendizagem de robótica e impressão 3D
Authors: Oliveira Victor Hugo de Jesus , Jorge Eduardo Manuel de Freitas , Costa Gleidson de Meireles , Santos Leandro Brito , Barreto Elton Borges de Sena
Published: October 2024

A sociedade contemporânea é movida pela busca de soluções criativas e inovadoras. Os problemas reais do cotidiano surgem em uma era de acesso a tecnologias digitais que se contrapõem com a escassez de tempo e de mão de obra especializada. Uma das iniciativas para fomentar as competências na Bahia foi a implantação do Hub Maker Bahia que é um laboratório compartilhado para aprendizagem de robótica e impressão 3D. Neste contexto, o objetivo da pesquisa foi estruturar um processo e a construção de uma ferramenta para o acesso as Impressoras 3D do Hub Maker Bahia de forma remota por alunos do escolas públicas do estado da Bahia. Para análise desse contexto, adotou-se como método a definição de uma matriz SWOT onde foram identificados os fatores associados ao desafio da pesquisa de pensar um espaço maker compartilhado. Está pesquisa gerou também como resultado um portal web onde um colaborador interage remotamente com os alunos durante a atividade de criação e impressão do objeto 3D.
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de LER/DORT no Maranhão no período de 2014 a 2023
Authors: Carvalho Brenda Sousa de , Santos Edivan Silva dos , Mendes Maria Michelle Lima , Santos Taciana Maria Silva dos , Santos Kerssia Dayane Pereira de Sousa , Leite Caroline Ferreira , Abreu Elaynne Soemy de Sousa , Pinto Raydelane Grailea Silva
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de LER/DORT notificados no estado do Maranhão no período de 2014 a 2023. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva, do tipo ecológica, de caráter retrospectiva e abordagem quantitativa com dados secundários do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Foram calculados as frequências absoluta e relativa e o coeficiente de incidência. Resultados: Entre 2014 e 2023, foram notificados 98 casos de LER/DORT no Maranhão, com coeficiente de incidência média anual de 4,2 casos/1.000.000 habitantes. A maioria dos casos ocorreu no ano de 2016 (16,3%). Os principais diagnósticos foram: outros transtornos de tecidos moles (27,6%), outras dorsopatias (21,4%) e transtornos das sinóvias e dos tendões (7,1%). Conclusão: O baixo coeficiente de incidência e o número de casos notificados, possivelmente subestimado devido à subnotificação, destaca a necessidade de aprimorar os processos de notificação e gestão do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação no estado.