bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Brain Targeting Potential of Zolmitriptan Mucoadhesive
Nanoparticles for Intranasal Drug Delivery
Authors: Jha Sunena , Mishra Dinanath
Published: March 2022

Background:

Hydrophilic drugs are poor applicants for brain targeting via oral route
due to the presence of a blood-brain barrier that allows only small lipophilic molecules to freely
access the brain. Due to unique anatomical connections between the nasal cavity and the brain,
intranasal administration can be explored for drug delivery to the brain directly that circumvents
the blood-brain barrier too.

Objectives:

Zolmitriptan is a widely used antimigraine drug, and its brain targeting by nasal route
in the form of mucoadhesive nanoparticles is more effective in migraine treatment as it provides
fast relief and good bioavailability as compared to its oral drug delivery. In the present study,
zolmitriptan mucoadhesive nanoparticles were prepared to improve the bioavailability and brain
targeting for the better management of Migraine attacks.

Methods:

The mucoadhesive polymeric nanoparticles of zolmitriptan were formulated by a modified
ionic gelation method using thiolated chitosan. The pharmacokinetic parameters were counted
in male Wistar rats by intranasal and oral delivery of the anti-migraine drug zolmitriptan and compared
statistically. The concentration of zolmitriptan in the blood plasma and brain samples was
determined by using the liquid-liquid extraction method followed by a reversed-phase highperformance
liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis. The pharmacodynamic analysis was
conducted in adult male Swiss albino mice by behavioral models, a light/dark box model, and acetic
acid-induced writhing (abdominal stretching or constriction). These tests were used to reproduce
the important associated symptoms of migraine viz. hyperalgesia (nociceptive sensitization)
and photophobia to assess the therapeutic potential of intranasal delivery of nanoparticles antimigraine
activity.

Results:

The absolute bioavailability accessed for Zolmitriptan nanoparticles by IN route was
found to be very high (193%), suggesting that the sufficient amount of drug transported by nanoparticles
and DTE ratio was calculated as 2.8. Moreover, it revealed better nose-to-brain transport
by zolmitriptan nanoparticles as compared to oral delivery in male Wistar rats. A significant increase
in the tolerance capacity of animals to bright light and a fall in the number of stretching in
mice suggested the better management of migraine-associated symptoms by the zolmitriptan nanoparticles.

Conclusion:

Thus, the present study confers the significance of nasal drug delivery for brain targeting
of zolmitriptan nanoparticles for the treatment of migraine.
Microwave Sol-gel Synthesis of Co, Ni, Cu, Mn Ferrites and the Investigation
of Their Activity in the Oxidation Reaction of Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Zulfugarova Sima Mamed , Ramiz Azimova Gunel , Fikret Aleskerova Zuleyxa , Humbat Ismailov Etibar , Nikolayevich Litvishkov Yuriy , Babir Tagiyev Dilqam
Published: March 2022

Background:

The study effect of microwave radiation on the catalytic properties of
transition metal ferrites synthesized by ceramic and sol-gel methods in the oxidation reaction of
carbon monoxide into dioxide.

Objective:

This work aims to study the effect of microwave radiation on the production of cobalt,
copper, nickel, and manganese ferrites by sol-gel combustion technology using various organic
reagents and to study their catalytic activity in the oxidative conversion of carbon monoxide into
dioxide.

Methods:

Microwave treatment was carried out on a setup based on an EM-G5593V microwave
oven (Panasonic) with a magnetron power varying from 300 to 800 W with an operating frequency
of 2450 MHz. X-ray phase analysis of the products was carried out on a Bruker D 2Phazer automatic
diffractometer. The measurement of the specific surface area of the samples was determined
by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption by the multipoint BET method on a SORBI-MS instrument
(ZAO META, Russia). IR spectra were recorded using FT-IR LUMOS Bruker spectrometers.
The micrographs of samples were analyzed on the Sigma VP (Carl Zeiss Jena) equipment.

Results:

It was determined that the most active catalysts for the oxidation of carbon monoxide to
dioxide are ferrites obtained by the sol-gel combustion method using microwave radiation to "ignite"
the gel.

Conclusion:

The use of microwave radiation in the preparation of ferrites by the sol-gel method
with combustion can initiate a self-propagating exothermic combustion reaction in the entire volume
of the sample in a very short time, measured in seconds. The catalytic activity in the oxidative
conversion of carbon monoxide obtained by this method of ferrites is comparable to the activity of
ferrites obtained by the sol-gel method with traditional combustion.
Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry for Macromolecule Analysis
Authors: Atakay Mehmet , Kayılı Hacı Mehmet , Güler Ülkü , Salih Bekir
Published: March 2022

The need for conformational information is increasing by the time in studies
on macromolecules. For example, proteins may have various functions and properties
depending on their folding states that make their conformational analyses very
important. Mass spectrometry is one of the most effective analytical techniques that
separate ions in the gas phase by their mass-to-charge ratio. It provides useful data on
molecular characterization in many areas of research with high precision, accuracy, and
sensitivity. Although mass spectrometry is a very powerful analytical technique, it
cannot distinguish different species having identical mass-to-charge ratio. The
analytical technique combining mass spectrometry with ion mobility spectrometry
(IM-MS), which provides information about the three-dimensional structure of an ion,
solves this problem by separating them according to their collision cross sections
(CCS) in the gas phase. This analytical method also provides the advantages of higher
precision and better resolution in the rapid analysis of different types of complex
samples. The separation of isomers with the same molecular weight, increasing the
dynamic range and distinguishing ions from chemical noise are the most important
features that this technique contributes to mass spectrometry. As improvements have
been made in IM-MS technology, the number and quality of publications in the areas
where this technique is used increases rapidly. In this chapter, the use of IM-MS
techniques in the fields such as proteomics, glycoproteomics and polymer
characterization are explained by presenting their various applications in the literature.
Token Economy–Based Hospital Bed Allocation to Mitigate Information Asymmetry: Proof-of-Concept Study Through Simulation Implementation
Authors: Hiragi Shusuke , Hatanaka Jun , Sugiyama Osamu , Saito Kenichi , Nambu Masayuki , Kuroda Tomohiro
Published: March 2022

Background

Hospital bed management is an important resource allocation task in hospital management, but currently, it is a challenging task. However, acquiring an optimal solution is also difficult because intraorganizational information asymmetry exists. Signaling, as defined in the fields of economics, can be used to mitigate this problem.

Objective

We aimed to develop an assignment process that is based on a token economy as signaling intermediary.

Methods

We implemented a game-like simulation, representing token economy–based bed assignments, in which 3 players act as ward managers of 3 inpatient wards (1 each). As a preliminary evaluation, we recruited 9 nurse managers to play and then participate in a survey about qualitative perceptions for current and proposed methods (7-point Likert scale). We also asked them about preferred rewards for collected tokens. In addition, we quantitatively recorded participant pricing behavior.

Results

Participants scored the token economy–method positively in staff satisfaction (3.89 points vs 2.67 points) and patient safety (4.38 points vs 3.50 points) compared to the current method, but they scored the proposed method negatively for managerial rivalry, staff employee development, and benefit for patients. The majority of participants (7 out of 9) listed human resources as the preferred reward for tokens. There were slight associations between workload information and pricing.

Conclusions

Survey results indicate that the proposed method can improve staff satisfaction and patient safety by increasing the decision-making autonomy of staff but may also increase managerial rivalry, as expected from existing criticism for decentralized decision-making. Participant behavior indicated that token-based pricing can act as a signaling intermediary. Given responses related to rewards, a token system that is designed to incorporate human resource allocation is a promising method. Based on aforementioned discussion, we concluded that a token economy–based bed allocation system has the potential to be an optimal method by mitigating information asymmetry.
Precision Public Health and Structural Racism in the United States: Promoting Health Equity in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response (Preprint)
Authors: Geneviève Lester Darryl , Martani Andrea , Wangmo Tenzin , Elger Bernice Simone
Published: March 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed deeply entrenched structural inequalities that resulted in an excess of mortality and morbidity in certain racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Therefore, this paper examines from the US perspective how structural racism and defective data collection on racial and ethnic minorities can negatively influence the development of precision public health (PPH) approaches to tackle the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Importantly, the effects of structural and data racism on the development of fair and inclusive data-driven components of PPH interventions are discussed, such as with the use of machine learning algorithms to predict public health risks. The objective of this viewpoint is thus to inform public health policymaking with regard to the development of ethically sound PPH interventions against COVID-19. Particular attention is given to components of structural racism (eg, hospital segregation, implicit and organizational bias, digital divide, and sociopolitical influences) that are likely to hinder such approaches from achieving their social justice and health equity goals.
Use of Facial Morphology to Determine Nutritional Status in Older Adults: Opportunities and Challenges (Preprint)
Authors: Tay Wesley , Quek Rina , Kaur Bhupinder , Lim Joseph , Henry Christiani Jeyakumar
Published: March 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Undiagnosed malnutrition is a significant problem in high-income countries, which can reduce the quality of life of many individuals, particularly of older adults. Moreover, it can also inflate the costs of existing health care systems because of the many metabolic complications that it can cause.
The current methods for assessing malnutrition can be cumbersome. A trained practitioner must be present to conduct an assessment, or patients must travel to facilities with specialized equipment to obtain their measurements. Therefore, digital health care is a possible way of closing this gap as it is rapidly gaining traction as a scalable means of improving efficiency in the health care system. It allows for the remote monitoring of nutritional status without requiring the physical presence of practitioners or the use of advanced medical equipment. As such, there is an increasing interest in expanding the range of digital applications to facilitate remote monitoring and management of health issues.
In this study, we discuss the feasibility of a novel digital remote method for diagnosing malnutrition using facial morphometrics. Many malnutrition screening assessments include subjective assessments of the head and the face. Facial appearance is often used by clinicians as the first point of qualitative indication of health status. Hence, there may be merit in quantifying these subtle but observable changes using facial morphometrics. Modern advancements in artificial intelligence, data science, sensors, and computing technologies allow facial features to be accurately digitized, which could potentially allow these previously intuitive assessments to be quantified.
This study aims to stimulate further discussion and discourse on how this emerging technology can be used to provide real-time access to nutritional status. The use of facial morphometrics extends the use of currently available technology and may provide a scalable, easily deployable solution for nutritional status to be monitored in real time. This will enable clinicians and dietitians to keep track of patients remotely and provide the necessary intervention measures as required, as well as providing health care institutions and policy makers with essential information that can be used to inform and enable targeted public health approaches within affected populations.
Assessment of Preparedness for the COVID-19 Pandemic in Schools in Al-Rusafa District, Baghdad, Iraq, 2021 (Preprint)
Authors: Kamoona Marha , Kumar Deepak , Yoos Alison , Abdul Latif Bashar , AL-Temeemy Ayad , Al Ghanimy Safaa
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Following the international spread of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 pandemic, the Iraqi government took several steps to prevent community transmission, including the indefinite closure of schools as a measure to safeguard schoolchildren from COVID-19. The key rationale behind these decisions was the insufficient preparedness level within schools to prevent infection and the lack of appropriate vaccines for children.

OBJECTIVE

Researchers assessed COVID-19 preparedness levels in schools in Al-Rusafa district, Baghdad, to prepare schools for reopening.

METHODS

An observational study design was conducted to assess the schools. Stratified sampling was performed to make the sample more representative; we stratified the schools into 3 categories based on sex, level (primary or secondary), and administration (public or private). The study population comprised all students and teachers in the selected sample. The assessment was carried out retrospectively for 3 months, from May 31, 2021. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Tables and pie charts were used to display the results.

RESULTS

The assessment was completed in 40 schools—20 (50%) primary schools, 10 (25%) high schools, 6 (15%) intermediate schools, and 4 (10%) secondary schools. Overall, the assessment covered 1162 teachers and 16,776 students. The highest infection rate, according to school category, was among primary school staff (6.14%). Moreover, 92% (n=39) of the schools did not have a contact number for a nearby ambulance, and early detection system was weak in 60% (n=24) of the schools, which reflected low levels of school participation in preparing against the COVID-19 pandemic. Referral system for any sick person to an appropriate health facility was not present or was disabled in 63% (n=25) of the schools.

CONCLUSIONS

The assessment concluded that none of the schools had a robust screening system to record students infected with COVID-19. The study discusses several actions and requirements that should be reviewed and addressed to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in the schools and the community.
Prioritization of sub watersheds based on hydro morphometric analysis in the Sankarani watershed, upstream tributary of the Niger River
Authors: Bengaly Souleymane , Bengaly Aboubakar , Cissé Youssouf , Floris Boogaard , Coulibaly Oumar , Traoré Djakanibé Désiré
Published: March 2022

Any hydrological study of watersheds requires morphometric analysis. This analysis is a powerful tool in watershed management (Biswas et al., 1999, Yasmin et al., 2013). Climate change coupled with land-use changes raises development issues, including the availability of water resources for people's needs. Faced with these ever-increasing needs of the population, land development becomes a requirement. Thus, the objective is to analyze the morphometric characteristics of the Sankarani basin in order to prioritize its sub-basins. To this end, the satellite images of the digital terrain model (DTM) of the SRTM (30mx30m) type of 2012 were used. Under the Grass GIS open source program, five sub-basins (BV1-I, BV2-M, BV3-Y, BV4-G and BV5-S) have been delimited. The measured parameters are the number of rivers and their classifications, to define the geometry of the basin (area, perimeter, length), the various indices (drainage density, slope ratio, texture ratio, elongation ratio and ratio of form factor) and to determine hypsometric curves. The hierarchy was performed by assigning ranks to the individual indicators and a compound parameter (Cp) value was calculated. The method established that BV2-M (upstream) has the highest priority of the other sub-basins of Sankarani for land conservation actions and the sustainable management of water resources.
МОДЕЛИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЛУЧОМ В СЕТЯХ 5G NR. ЧАСТЬ 1. ВЫРАВНИВАНИЕ ЛУЧЕЙ ПРИ УСТАНОВЛЕНИИ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ
Authors: Фокин Г.
Published: March 2022

Прорывным направлением исследований и разработок для сверхплотных сетей радиодоступа пятого и последующих поколений стали новые возможности адаптивного диаграммообразования не только у стационарных базовых станций (gNB), но также и у портативных пользовательских устройств (UE), обусловленные расширением радиоинтерфейса 5G NR на диапазон миллиметровых волн (ММВ). Соединение gNB и UE узконаправленными лучами компенсирует высокие потери при распространении радиоволн в диапазоне ММВ за счет значительно более высоких коэффициентов усиления приемопередатчиков с адаптивно формируемыми диаграммами направленности антенн. Для практической реализации данного преимущества необходимо решение известной проблемы предварительного выравнивания лучей. В первой части исследования, посвященного моделям управления лучом в сетях 5G NR, приводятся результаты имитационного моделирования начального установления направленного соединения UE с gNB, позволяющие выполнить количественную оценку точности и оперативности выравнивания лучей в первом приближении.
Способ сборки блока аддитивных термоудаляемых литейных моделей
Authors: Леушин И.О. , Кошелев О.С. , Леушина Л.И. , Нищенков А.В. , Явтушенко П.М.
Published: March 2022

Предложен усовершенствованный вариант сборки модельного блока. Модели отливок с питателями и стояка изготавливались 3D-печатью по аддитивной FDM-технологии из CAST-пластика. Приведены результаты проверки эффективности сборки в условиях действующего производства.
Cвойства пластика PETG после 3D-печати по технологии FFF. Часть 1
Authors: Петров П.А. , Агзамова Д.Р. , Шмакова Н.С. , Пустовалов В.А. , Сапрыкин Б.Ю. , Чмутин И.А. , Жихарева Е.Д.
Published: March 2022

Рассмотрено влияние режима 3D-печати на комплекс механических, оптических и тепловых свой­ств термопластичного прозрачного полимерного материала PETG (полиэтилентерефталат-­гликоль), обработанного по аддитивной технологии FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication). Показано наличие зависимости между коэффициентом пропускания света, толщиной образца и его ориентацией во время 3D-печати.
WHAT CAN BE LEARNED FROM SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AT THE FRONTIER MARKETS? THE CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA AND NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Denčić-Mihajlov Ksenija , Poposki Klime , Pavlović Milica
Published: March 2022

The paper examines the corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting practice at the frontier markets by using a comparative review of sustainability reporting practice according to the GRI framework. The research covers 31 companies included in the BELEXline and MBI10 indices in the period 2014-2018. The values of Social, Environmental, Economic and aggregate Sustainability Index, calculated using content analysis, indicate a low level of sustainability reporting practice. This is a consequence of a passive ownership and modest stakeholder pressures to the companies at two frontier markets and the lack of normative pressure on sustainability reporting. The grouping of the companies into clusters in accordance with the disclosure of sustainability indicators indicates significant inter- and intra-countries variations in practice. The reporting on sustainability issues differs among the companies according to their size, ownership structure, exchange market and industrial sector affiliation, which is on par with the developed capital markets.
THE COMPLEXITY PARADIGM: TOWARDS A MODEL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL SYSTEMS AND PROBLEMS
Authors: Parreira Artur , Silva Ana Lorga
Published: March 2022

The article proposes the complexity paradigm as an innovative reasoning for analyzing problems in behavioral sciences. It begins to explain the contributions of the major authors of the complex reasoning paradigm: Gödel, Prigogine and Morin. They offer the basis to a model of analysis and assessment of complex systems and problems (ACSIP Model). The four postulates of the Model are explained, emphasizing the principal hypothesis of the Model – the level of cognitive operations is the most important factor of complexity of a system; then to understand it, the cognitive level of analysis must be at minimum equal to that of the system or the problem under analysis. In the second part the article, an illustrative application of the ACSIP Model is applied to the analysis of the SDG 9 from the UN 20/30 agenda, showing the analysis of a complex problem, guided by the complexity reasoning model. Following that, an empirical research is presented, to verify the hypothesis underlying the fourth postulate of the model. The results confirm the hypothesis: the use of information by a group is inversely proportional to the use of power (authority).  These results allow us to conclude that the complex reasoning paradigm is a promising tool to obtain synergic results in the scientific analysis and resolution of concrete social problems and to face the complex challenges brought by artificial intelligence systems.
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING DISTRIBUTED LEDGER TECHNOLOGIES AS PAYMENT INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Kostić Zorana , Tomić Nenad
Published: March 2022

The Internet of Things represents a communication network that enables people to interact with things, machines and objects in the business and living environment. Adding the ability to perform transactions to the information component leads to the creation of the so-called Internet of Value. Modern payment processing mechanisms do not meet the needs of the Internet of Value. In order to achieve a fast and economical financial flow, it is necessary to overcome the fragmentation of traditional payment systems and adopt the organizational structure of the Internet. The subject of the paper is the characteristics of three distributed ledger technologies. The aim of this paper is to determine the possibility of their use in order to build a payment infrastructure for the realization of the Internet of Value concept. Although the issue of security of the new payment infrastructure is equally important, the paper will focus on three key performances of the observed distributed ledger technologies: costs, throughput and scalability. The qualitative analysis shows that none of the analyzed technologies in practice has adequate performance in terms of throughput and scalability. Most operational solutions, even in experimental conditions, achieve poorer results than theoretically predicted ones.
Video Watermarking System
Authors: Takale Swapnil , Mulani Dr. Altaaf
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Advanced video watermarking may be a procedure for inserting extra information beside video flag. Inserted information is utilized for copyright proprietor recognizable proof. A number of video watermarking techniques are proposed. These methods misuse distinctive ways in arrange to implant a strong watermark and to preserve the first video flag constancy. In this paper, Computerized video watermarking strategies and assaults on watermarks are displayed.
Feasibility Study of Zero Discharge Concept in Sugar Industry After Anaerobic Treatment: Case Study of Solapur
Authors: Figueredo Priya K , Bhokare Miss. Pooja A. , Mohite Mr. Nitish A.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Purification and reutilisation of waste water from different industries is a challenge for a smarter and healthier environment. An important role in Indian economy is played by an agro based industry segment which is nothing but sugar industry. But the effluent from the industry is a proven fact as a threat for environment. Effective waste water management can result in smart and healthy city environment. The treated colored effluent from the industry is not preferred for reuse and recycle, though the other BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, MPN are in permissible limit. Root zone technique is one of the important approaches for, as the process is economical, easy in operation and maintenance. Pilot plant is constructed and executed using a typical species. The intake of treated effluent and the final effluent from root zone technique were collected and tested for various contact hours. To accommodate the massive urbanization it can be used to find smarter ways to reduce expenses, manage complexities that’s the treated waste water from industry can serve for following: 1) Gardening 2) Fire Fighting 3) Washing 4) Toilet Flushing etc. For a better and smart management of treated waste. Keywords: Agro based industry, sugar industry, colored, root zone technique, species, contact hours.
Literature Review: LEX
Authors: Kumar Goutam Rajeev , Ramu Neeharika
Published: March 2022

Abstract: A literature review, that has compiled information from various sources on the topic of lex. We intend to explore different facets of the topic such as process , specification , variables and sample code. Keywords: Lex, Yacc, Compiler Design, Lexical Analysis
Проектирование гладких композитных панелей при обеспечении устойчивости и прочности при закритическом поведении
Authors:   Московский авиационный институт (Национальный исследовательский университет), Митрофанов O. , Осман Мазен
Published: March 2022

Для сжатых несущих панелей кессонов крыла и агрегатов механизации легкого самолета допускается потеря устойчивости тонких обшивок при нагрузках, близких к эксплуатационному уровню. В работе рассмотрена методика определения оптимальных параметров обшивки из композитных материалов при воздействии сжимающими и сдвиговыми потоками. Особенности постановки задачи оптимального проектирования следующие. Во-первых, при проектировании панелей предложено рассматривать два уровня нагружения: на первом не допускается потеря устойчивости панели; на втором при условии допустимости закритического поведения вычисляют толщину панели из условий достижения предельных по прочности напряжений, определенных с учетом геометрически нелинейных соотношений. Во-вторых, в качестве переменных параметров принята толщина и ширина прямоугольной панели. В-третьих, для определения оптимальных параметров панелей учитывается условие реализации минимальных запасов по устойчивости при первом уровне нагружения и по прочности при проектировании по закритическому состоянию при втором уровне нагружения. Запасы по устойчивости и по прочности на соответствующих уровнях нагружения должны быть равны единице. Указанные уровни нагружения в общем случае не обязательно должны совпадать с эксплуатационными и расчетными нагрузками, рассматриваемыми при проектировании авиационных конструкций, но могут назначаться разработчиком воздушного судна из специальных расчетных условий. Отмечено, что при определении параметров по закритическому состоянию должны быть использованы аналитические решения геометрически нелинейных задач. Указанные соотношения соответствуют методологии проектирования по закритическому состоянию. Приведенные в работе соотношения учитывают мембранные напряжения, возникающие при потере устойчивости тонких панелей. Представленная методика может быть применима на ранних этапах проектирования. В работе приведены соотношения для проектирования шарнирно опертых ортотропных панелей при сжатии, сдвиге и комбинированном нагружении.
Сравнительное изучение критериев разрушения для предсказания начала повреждения в волокнисто-армированных композитах
Authors:   The First Aircraft Institute, Чжэн Цз. , Махарадж К. , Лю Цз. , Чай Х. , Лю Х. , Деар Дж. П. ,   The University of the West Indies,   Imperial College London
Published: March 2022

С учетом литературных данных, результатов аналитических расчетов, с помощью программного обеспечения MATLAB и численных конечно-элементных расчетов с помощью программного обеспечения ABAQUS проанализировали критерий разрушения максимального напряжения, критерии Хашина, Пака, LaRC03 и Северо-Западного университета (СЗУ). Применимость и надежность этих критериев разрушения для предсказания повреждения термопластичных слоистых композитов оценили с помощью аналитических и численных результатов. Установили, что критерий максимального напряжения обеспечивает наиболее консервативный прогноз, а критерии Хашина и СЗУ — обоснованные результаты при приемлемом времени вычислений. Критерии Пака и LaRC03 обеспечили более точное предсказание, но потребовали большего времени вычислений.
Расчет прочности адгезионной связи армирующих волокон с полимерами по методу “петли”
Authors:   Московский государственный технический университет им. Н. Э. Баумана, Котомин С. В. , Обидин И. М. , Павлючкова Е. А. ,   Институт нефтехимического синтеза Российской академии наук,   РХТУ им. Д. И. Менделеева,   МИРЭА — Российский технологический университет
Published: March 2022

Метод оценки адгезионной прочности связи волокно—полимер вытягиванием нити из адгезионной ячейки, сформированной из затянутой в узел петли, позволяет определять адгезию различных типов армирующих нитей и жгутов как к термореактивным, так и к термопластичным матрицам. При затягивании узла из петли, охватывающей испытываемую нить, обеспечивается необходимое контактное давление в зоне адгезионного соединения. Разработана геометрическая модель, с помощью которой определена площадь контакта в адгезионной ячейке такого типа. При расчете площади учитывается толщина (линейная плотность) нитей, формирующих адгезионную ячейку, а также плотность материала. Показано влияние на адгезионную прочность давления и времени контакта поверхности волокна с расплавом термопласта, а также температуры расплава и содержания нанодисперсных наполнителей.
MENGKRITISI TRADISI BERBAGI DALAM UPACARA ADAT NGGUA LIO-ENDE FLORES NTT DALAM TERANG TEOLOGI PEMBEBASAN GEREJA KATOLIK
Authors: Adon Mathias Jebaru , Garnodin Kristoforus , Depa Siklus
Published: March 2022

The focus of the discussion in this study lies in the critical dimension of the 'sharing' tradition in the Nggua traditional ceremony of the Lio-Ende Flores tribe. The tradition of 'sharing' in the traditional Nggua ceremony is a form of gratitude as well as an opportunity to help each other. Reality shows that this tradition has created poverty for the Lio-Ende tribal community because the local community is forced to carry out the Nggua ceremony even though they are economically unable. Therefore, this study aims to provide a philosophical understanding to the Lio-Ende community about the meaning of the Nggua ceremony as a harvest thanksgiving ceremony in the light of the liberation theology of the Catholic Church. This effort is expected to have a significant impact on changing the perspective of the local community in understanding Nggua traditional ceremonies. The research methodology was used in the form of qualitative data collection through interviews. Interviews were conducted by telephone or video call. This study finds that the Lio-Ende community is trapped in a wrong perspective on the meaning and message of the Nggua adat. This way of thinking has made their lives trapped in poverty because of the wrong meaning of culture. This happens because of the shallow meaning of the message conveyed in the Nggua traditional ceremony. In this situation, the Church is present as the party proclaiming liberation so that they can interpret the Nggua ceremony as a celebration of thanksgiving for the harvest.
Perfil de mortalidade de crianças menores de 1 ano em Criciúma (SC), de 2015 a 2019
Authors: Barros Fabiane Frigotto , Mendonça Ana Paula , Furtado Fabrício Juarez Araújo , Bôer Lyziane de Almeida
Published: March 2022

Considering the high coefficients of neonatal mortality from preventable causes registered in Brazilian health services, this study aimed to analyze the mortality profile in the last 5 years of children under 1 year old living in the city of Criciúma/SC using a database from the epidemiological surveillance of Santa Catarina. This is a descriptive, retrospective epidemiological study based on data from the Information System on Live Births and the Information System on Mortality. . We highlight the need to make an in-depth examination of the theme of preventability within the context of causes of death and, through birth certificates, to build a more specific classification of causes of death and thus develop mechanisms to improve health care within the municipality, not only focused on immediate care, but also on prevention.
Gambaran Kualitas Hidup Pasien dengan Keluhan Dispepsia yang Diberi Perawatan dengan Jamu (Data Registri Jamu 2014-2018)
Authors: Lestari Tri Wahyuni , Prihartini Nita , Delima Delima
Published: March 2022

Abstrak

Registri jamu merupakan sistem pencatatan pelayanan kesehatan menggunakan jamu atau herbal berbasis web yang dikembangkan oleh Balitbangkes. Artikel ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran kualitas hidup pasien dengan keluhan dispepsia yang diberi jamu oleh dokter praktik jamu. Desain penelitian Registri Jamu yaitu potong lintang. Data dikumpulkan dari data rekam medik 186 pasien dispepsia yang berobat pada 64 dokter yang termasuk dalam jejaring dokter praktik jamu di 10 provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2014—2018. Data diekstrak dari sistem pencatatan Registri Jamu dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Kualitas hidup dinilai menggunakan instrumen kualitas hidup 4 dimensi (8 pertanyaan) dan skala Nepean khusus dispepsia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan sebagian besar pasien dispepsia yang berobat pada dokter praktik jamu adalah perempuan, usia 45—64 tahun, pendidikan tamat perguruan tinggi, pekerjaan wiraswasta, berobat pada fasyankes klinik, berada di provinsi Jawa Tengah. Enam gejala umum dispepsia terbanyak yaitu: tidak nafsu makan, lemah/letih, sulit tidur, nyeri ulu hati, demam, dan pucat. Kualitas hidup pasien dengan keluhan dispepsia yang diberi perawatan dengan jamu oleh dokter praktik jamu cenderung rmeningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya frekuensi waktu kunjungan.

Kata kunci: dispepsia, registri jamu, kualitas hidup

Abstract

Jamu Registry is a web-based health service recording system developed by Balitbangkes. This article aims to describe the quality of life of patients with dyspepsia treated with jamu by doctors. Research on Jamu Registry was a cross-sectional study. Data was collected from medical record of 186 dyspepsia patients treated by 64 doctors prescribing herbal medicine in their services in 10 provinces in Indonesia from 2014—2018. This data was extracted from the Jamu Registry recording system and analyzed descriptively. The quality of life was assessed using 4 dimensions (8 items) quality of life questionnaire and Nepean scale for dyspepsia. The results showed dyspepsia patients in this study were mostly female, aged 45—64 years, highly educated, worked as an entrepreneur, sought treatment at clinical health facility, located in Central Java province. The six common symptoms of dyspepsia recorded were: lack of appetite, weakness / fatigue, sleep disorders, heartburn, fever and pallor. The quality of life of patients with dyspepsia who were given jamu by the herbal medicine practitioner tended to increase along with the frequency of visit.

Keywords: dyspepsia, herbal medicine registry, quality of life
Effect of Metformin Therapy on Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Undata Hospital in Palu City Central Sulawesi
Authors: Mukaddas Alwiyah , Rumi Amelia , Yulianti Tri
Published: March 2022

Background: Metformin, which can control blood glucose levels, can reduce LDL levels in type 2 DM patients. Objectives: To determine the mean value of pre and post LDL in type 2 DM patients after receiving metformin therapy for three months. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study with a prospective approach, It was done by conducting pre and post examination of LDL levels using metformin. This study was analyzed using the SPSS Wilcoxon statistical test. The total sample that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria was 18 respondents. Results: This study used a single metformin value (sig = 0.000 <0.05) with a baseline mean value of 148.22 mg / dL and an evaluation of 133.56 mg / dL where the difference in reduction was 14.66 mg / dL. Conclusion: There was a decrease in LDL levels in type 2 DM patients after using metformin for three months.
From atomic physics, to upper-atmospheric chemistry, to cosmology: A “laser photometric ratio star” to calibrate telescopes at major observatories
Authors: Albert Justin , Budker Dmitry , Sadeghpour Hossein
Published: March 2022

This Research Highlight showcases the two Research Papers entitled, A
precise photometric ratio via laser excitation of the sodium layer – I.
One-photon excitation using 342.78 nm light,
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1621 and A precise photometric
ratio via laser excitation of the sodium layer – II. Two-photon
excitation using lasers detuned from 589.16 nm and 819.71 nm resonances,
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1619.
Local control of parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma: An expert consensus guideline from the International Soft Tissue Sarcoma Consortium (INSTRuCT)
Authors: Casey Dana , Mandeville Henry , Bradley Julie , Horst Simone ter , Sheyn Anthony , Timmermann Beate , Wolden Suzanne
Published: March 2022

The International Soft-Tissue Sarcoma Database Consortium (INSTRuCT)
consists of a collaboration between the Children’s Oncology Group (COG)
Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee, the European pediatric Soft-Tissue
Sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG), and the Cooperative Weichteilsarkom
Studiengruppe (CWS). As part of the larger initiative of INSTRuCT to
provide consensus expert opinions for clinical treatment of pediatric
soft tissue sarcoma, we sought to provide updated, evidenced-based
consensus guidelines for local treatment of parameningeal
rhabdomyosarcoma using both existing literature as well as
recommendations from the relevant cooperative group clinical trials.
Overall, parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma represents a distinctly
challenging disease to treat given its location near many critical
structures in the head and neck, frequently advanced local presentation,
and predilection for local failure. Definitive chemoradiation remains
the standard treatment approach for parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma, with
surgery often limited to biopsy or salvage therapy for recurrent
disease. In this consensus paper, we specifically discuss consensus
guidelines and evidence for definitive local management with
radiotherapy, with a focus on imaging for radiotherapy planning, dose
and timing of radiation, approach for nodal irradiation, various
radiation techniques including proton therapy, and the limited role of
surgical resection.
Experimental study of the hydraulic jump length in a smooth trapezoidal channel
Authors: Ngoc Nguyen Minh , Cuong Pham Hong , Son Tran Thanh , Nam Nguyen Van , Phong Nguyen Thanh
Published: March 2022

The paper showed the result of investigation of the hydraulic jump length in a trapezoidal channel. In this study, the basic factors that affect the length (Lj) and roller length (Lr) of the hydraulic jump were investigated by a physical trapezoidal channel’s model. The experiment carried out in purpose to establish a new empirical equation for calculating the roller length (Lr) of the jump in the horizontal trapezoidal channel with the upstream Froude number 4.0 to 9.0 (the steady jump). The hydraulic characteristics of forced jump were measured and statistically calculated using MS Excel software. The results of data analysis showed that the MAPE was relatively small (< 5%), and R2 > 0.9 (strong correlation between predicted and observed values) and other statistical indicators are less than 0.1 (MSE = 0.004, RMSE = 0.062, MEA = 0.047). Therefore, the equation found could be appropriated and applied to calculate characteristics of hydraulic jump trapezoidal channel.
Nasal Function and Evaluation
Authors: Jafari Aria , Humphreys Ian M.
Published: March 2022

The nose is located within the central portion of the craniofacial skeleton and serves many important functions for human respiration and overall well-being. These functions include warming, humidifying and delivering air to the lower respiratory tract as well as conveyance of odorants to the olfactory epithelium and removal of particulate debris. In addition, the nose is physiologically dynamic with a rich neurovascular supply and hosts a variety of immunologic mediators. Several anatomic factors and disease states can affect these functions, therefore, a thorough understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the nose and nasal cavity are required for the evaluating otolaryngologist.

This review contains 9 figures, 5 tables, and 43 references
Keywords: Nasal function, nasal anatomy, nasal airflow, nasal resistance, nasal endoscopy
Development of a Large Welsh Breast Cancer Prognostic Research Database and Analysis of Influential Demographic, Pathological and Socioeconomic Factors on Survival
Authors:   , Intabli Leen
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women in the UK with around 55,000 new diagnosed cases every year. Due to major advancements made in research and therapy in srecent years, breast cancer is now one of the best understood human cancers. It is understood that breast cancer is a group of biologically different diseases, each influenced by a number of pathological and demographic factors. Age at diagnosis has been heavily studied and linked to different survival patterns, as tumours diagnosed in younger and older groups are often the outcome of different causes and have different responses to treatment regimens. In the age of data-backed decision making process, recent years have seen a growth in interest in analysis-based research and decision support tools, in medicine and other disciplines. Currently in Wales, there is a lack of a large, comprehensive database of accurately recorded demographic, clinical and socioeconomic information on breast cancer patients that can be utilised in answering a variety of clinical and socioeconomic research questions within the population. The aim of our work was to create a local interactive online analysis and predictive tool that allows users to define prognostic criteria and return survival patterns through multivariate analysis of a database of patients diagnosed in South West Wales. The Welsh Breast Cancer Survival Database of patients diagnosed in Wales between 1996 and 2011 was constructed containing multiple variables including: age at diagnosis, tumour pathology and survival outcomes. For multivariate analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and partition around Medoids (PAM) clustering methods were implemented using R statistical programming. Survival analysis visualisation and statistical methods included Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards model. CaFro, a web-based analytical tool that allows for variable selection, survival and cluster analyses of various diagnostic and prognostic factors was developed using the shiny package on R studio. The tool was also utilised to compare different age groups within South-West Wales, and differences in survival rates of up to 7% were detected. Another aim of this project was to compare survival patterns based on socioeconomic differences of patients in the area, based on the Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivations (WIMD) score of their address postcodes at the time of diagnosis. Health, income, education and employment deprivations were all shown to influence survival time.
Factors influencing consent for the processing of personal data: a privacy-neutral taxonomy for the online world
Authors:   , Burkhardt Gary
Published: March 2022

An online world has emerged in which the collection and processing of personal information has become a foundational element of the digital society. Within this environment, individuals are overwhelmed with consent requests to which they, ostensibly, pay little attention. Problems concern (i) the dynamics of online consent, which is fundamentally ill understood, and (ii) a research narrative in which privacy-concern is pervasive, despite research indicating significant demographic heterogeneity. To provide a mechanism to better understand online consent, a novel conceptual model for informed consent decision making is developed. This original model adds value to our understanding of online consent practice by incorporating the Autonomous Authorisation model of informed consent within a mainstream behavioural model, the Theory of Planned Behaviour. To provide insight into the dynamics of online consent, a privacy-neutral taxonomy of eight variables influencing online consent behaviour, their interrelationships and relative importance are established. The privacy-neutral taxonomy of variables that influence online consent behaviour is constructed via a thematic analysis of extant literature. Their interrelationships and relative importance is determined, using Interpretive Structural Modelling and Interpretive Ranking Process (IRP) techniques respectively. The ranking of variables is validated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on a dataset (n=803) collected via a survey of UK-resident Millennials. Regression is performed on the dataset to determine the willingness of consent provision. The eight discerned consent-influencing variables, from most to least important are: situation, emotion/mood/personality, past experience, requester characteristics, resource requirements, cognitive characteristics, trust and actual understanding. A high degree of dependence was found between most of the factors. The PCA validated the IRP-derived ranking and reduced these to four variables: situation, cognition, familiarity and trust. The regression reveals that the willingness of consent provision is a poor predictor of authorisation behaviour and that, as the understanding of the consequences of consent increase, willingness decreases.
A TSP-based nested clustering approach to solve multi-depot heterogeneous fleet routing problem
Authors: Shojaeefard M. , Mollajafari M. , Mousavitabar S. , Khordehbinan M. , Hosseinalibeiki H.
Published: March 2022

The distribution of goods and urban services has made the issue of vehicle routing of particular importance to researchers. Advanced Routing Vehicle (RVRP) Rich Vehicle Routing Problem As a hybrid optimization problem, it is widely used in many transportation and logistics planning. The approach of this paper is to present a heuristic method for solving the problem called Nested Clustering for Traveling Salesman Problem (NC-TSP), in this method to optimize the search space, we break the problem in consecutive space. In the first step, using the nearest neighbor (Knn) algorithm with the center of each depot, and then using the fuzzy C-means clustering method within each cluster obtained from the Knn method, to find the optimal set of nodes. Then we solve the problem using the extension of MILP linear functions to the heterogeneous nature of the transport fleet and the warehouses that supply the goods, using the optimization algorithm (GA). The proposed approach, despite its great complexity, solves the problem to a large extent and shows promising cost-effective results in the existing criteria.