bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Waste-pickers’ knowledge of occupational hazards and utilisation of personal protective equipment: A case study of Bauchi City, Nigeria
Authors: Yusuf Farouk Idi , Ali Ahmed Fate , Buba Luka Fitto
Published: May 2022

Waste picking plays an important role through resource recovery and also impoverished individuals to cope with poverty especially in less developed countries. The working condition of the waste pickers is a cause for concern as, in most cases; work without safety protectives equipment while being exposed to numerous occupational hazards. To address these health and safety challenges, adequate understanding of the pickers’ knowledge of the hazards associated with the occupation and their safety protection practices is required. This is the root upon which this study was conducted. It assessed the level of knowledge of waste pickers on occupational health and safety hazards and their safety practices in Bauchi city, northeastern Nigeria. A total of 322 waste pickers were selected from 80 dealers’ depots across the study area for questionnaire administration and interview. The findings revealed that up to 74% of the pickers are aware of the health and safety risks associated with the occupation, and 52% are knowledgeable of the measures required to protect their health and safety. However, only a small fraction of the waste pickers was found to be using safety protective equipment regularly, such as boots 8.9%, gloves 3.8%, and nose masks 1.9%. These highlight the high degree of vulnerability to occupational hazards that waste pickers are exposed to. Provision of social interventions, regular medical check-ups, waste segregation from source and enforcement of employer and employee rights by law, between the waste scavengers and their masters were among the recommendations made towards pursuing better occupational health and safety conditions of the waste pickers.
Moringa oleifera leaf meal as a feed supplement for dairy calves
Authors: Kekana T.W. , Marume U. , Muya C.M. , Nherera-Chokuda F.V.
Published: May 2022

The study evaluated the effects of supplements of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on blood biochemistry and growth of pre-weaned Holstein calves (n = 48). Four-day-old calves were blocked (based on order of birth and birth weight) and randomly allocated to three dietary treatments, namely M0: unsupplemented control, M30: supplemented with 8.33 g MOLM /100 kg bodyweight (BW), and M60: supplemented with 16.66 g MOLM /100 kg BW. The experiment ended when the calves were 42 days old. The MOLM was diluted in the milk of the morning feeding session. Feed intake, faecal score, and body temperature were recorded daily. Bodyweight and body measurements were taken weekly, and blood samples were collected at the same time. Starter dry matter intake (DMI) for the M60 group was higher than for M0 group with a significant week effect. Calves in M60 had higher final bodyweight and body measurements than M0 and M30. Similar trends were observed for superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and serum antioxidant activity (SAOA). Immunoglobulin G (Ig) levels increased with the age of calves in both M30 and M60 groups, with the increase being progressively larger with the level of MOLM supplementation. Calves in the M60 group had fewer days of diarrhoea. Supplementation of MOLM supplied secondary metabolites and nutrients that improved feed utilization and later stimulated growth, increased enzymatic antioxidants, and reduced diarrhoeal incidence in pre-weaned calves. Dilution of MOLM by as little as 16.66 g/100 kg BW in the milk for dairy calves can be recommended.
Effects of different feeding systems on growth, fat accumulation and semen quality of Merino-type sheep
Authors: Du Preez A.M. , Webb E.C. , Van Niekerk W.A.
Published: May 2022

In South Africa, supplemental feeding is provided to improve the condition of breeding livestock before the animals are sold by the stud breeders to commercial farmers. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different ram rearing systems on growth, fat accumulation and semen quality of Döhne Merino (DM), Merino (M) and South African Mutton Merino (SAMM) rams intended for breeding. The ram lambs were stratified according to weight and randomly allocated to one of three treatments, namely an extensive feeding treatment (ET), an extensive-intensive feeding treatment (EIT), and an intensive feeding treatment (IT). Rams in ET grazed for 200 days. Rams in EIT grazed for 73 days, followed by a concentrate diet for an additional 60 days. Rams in IT were fed the concentrate diet for 70 days. Scrotal neck fat was significantly less in IT rams compared with ET and EIT rams. Döhne Merino and M rams in EIT deposited significantly more scrotal fat than DM and M rams in ET. No adverse testicular pathology or differences in semen quality were observed. Regression analyses of pooled data showed extreme functional values for subcutaneous fat and total scrotal fat weight, which, when exceeded, may result in decreased semen volume, percentage normal spermatozoa and mass motility of spermatozoa. Sheep breeders should be cautious when feeding ram lambs in extensive-intensive systems for extended periods since this may affect semen quality adversely.
Effects of Bacillus spp. as a supplemental probiotic in diets for weaned piglets
Authors: Dumitru M. , Hăbeanu M. , Sorescu I. , Tabuc C.
Published: May 2022

This article evaluated the effects of supplemental probiotic Bacillus subtilis (Bs) ATCC 6051a (1.6x109cfu/mL) in diets for weaned piglets on their performance and on the occurrence of diarrhoea. Sixty piglets, 30 ±3 days old with initial bodyweight of 8.41±0.92 kg, were allotted randomly to six pens of ten piglets. There were two replicates of each treatment, namely a control diet (C), a diet supplemented with 1% Bs (E1), and a diet supplemented with 3% Bs (E2). Feed was provided ad libitum as flour in two meals per day. Feed materials were examined for total numbers of fungi, aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TNG), Coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. The addition of Bs did not influence (P >0.05) bodyweight (BW) or average daily weight gain (ADWG). However, across the experimental period ADWG was greater in E2 and E1 than in C (>1.12 and 1.08 times compared with C). Feed intake (ADFI) by pigs fed C was greater than pigs fed E1 and E2. Feed efficiency was higher in E1 and E2 than the C diet. Addition of 1% Bs  decreased  (P<0.05) diarrhoea occurrence around 8% compared with C, and 4% compared with 3% Bs. A  total of 23.4%  of the piglets produced soft faeces. Diarrhoea scores of 2 (mild diarrhoea) and 3 (severe  diarrhoea) were  observed in 43.75% and 32.81% of the pigs. No differences (P >0.05) were detected  between the treatments. The results suggested that E1 could positively affect growth performance and  mitigate the occurrence of diarrhoea.
Effects of feeding systems on yield and performance of Linda geese (Anserinae sp.) in hot climatic conditions
Authors: Kaya Z. , Yurtseven S.
Published: May 2022

This study evaluated the effects of various types of feeding on fattening period and performance of Linda geese. Feeding patterns consisted of concentrate feed-based intensive and pasture feed-based semi-intensive. A total of 150 goslings aged three days were divided into two groups, each consisting of three replications. All groups were given rations containing 23% crude protein and 3100 kcal/kg ME in weeks 0–6, and rations containing 20% crude protein 3100 kcal/kg ME between weeks 7 and 17. After the seventh week, the feed for the semi-intensive group was diluted with 20% barley and from the tenth week, this group started to graze on pasture. Live weight gain of the two groups was similar, although geese kept indoors consumed more concentrate. Feed protein digestion of geese was similar in the two feeding types. Digestion-related visceral weight in the pasture-supplemented group increased, whereas carcass weight decreased. Growth curves were used to estimate the age of Linda geese to the end of the fattening period. The average slaughter age was the fourth and fifth months, as indicated by Von Bertalanffy, Logistic, and Gompertz growth models, which used the data from the third week. Concentrate feeding enabled Linda geese to reach earlier higher slaughter weight, although it was not considered economical. Although averages of bodyweight gain over the trial appeared slightly better in the concentrate-based intensive group, the results revealed that concentrate feed supplement and pasture may be the best and most economical form of feeding for Linda geese.
A Didactical Reflection on Competency-Based Liberal Arts Education
Authors: Paek Seungsu
Published: May 2022

This study reflects on the educational validity of competency-based liberal arts education, and aims to enhance its feasibility and secure its sustainability. It also aims to clarify the educational conditions and circumstances of competency-based liberal arts education in a didactical manner, which ultimately attempts to encourage the recovery of educational authenticity in the context of actual practice. Even though the concept of competency emerged within the vocational training context, it has been re-conceptualized within the context of school education through the evolution of introduction-diffusion-transformation. Thus, it is time to overcome the conceptual confusion of competency discourse and to collect educational wisdom. The concept of competency should permeate into the pedagogical realm in terms of aims, content, methods and evaluation of liberal arts education. As to the educational aim, competency should guide the overall liberal arts education as the real power that drives ‘well-being’. Regarding its content, subjects in the liberal arts education should be restructured into a dynamic whole in which knowledge, skills, attitude and values are all blended together in a trans-boundary way. In terms of methods, the essential meaning of learning should be based more on student agency, allowing for learners to think more for themselves and to act autonomously. Regarding evaluation, the conventional formal diagnosis, with its instrumental and measurement-focused approach, should be converted into a more narrative evaluation in order to draw each student’s existential reflection. Based on the past 2500 years of history, liberal arts education might be summed up with one word: reinterpretation. In the same spirit, the post-human and post-Covid era requests a brand-new liberal arts education. Competency-based liberal arts education should be reborn as educational transformation that widens the prospect of liberal education in the 21st century.
Current Status and Tasks of Sharing and Cooperation in Liberal Education between Universities in Korea
Authors: Lee Eunwha , Kang Ewha
Published: May 2022

Recently, in a situation where Korean universities are being asked to take a qualitative leap forward in the face of various domestic and international challenges, the reality is that the awareness of crisis at universities outside the metropolitan area is becoming higher. Therefore, this study is one way to respond to such a crisis, in which local universities share the strengths and resources of each university's education while being faithful to the original role of higher education through sharing and cooperation of liberal education between universities. To this end, the present status and tasks of sharing and cooperation among local universities in Korea were explored in a theoretical and empirical way. First, we examine the intrinsic value of liberal education and divide the elements that are undermining it in today's higher education reality into structural problems of liberal education and internal elements of liberal education. Second, we introduce the current status of sharing and cooperation between local universities dividing it into three sharing university models and three sub-action plans. In the process, tasks to be solved were discussed, focusing on the empirical problems.
Python based Audiobook “Lisnbook”
Authors: Shah Sanjana , Pitale Tejas , kushwah Varun , Padme Prbodhini
Published: May 2022

The Lisnbook (or speaking book) is a book that is read aloud. This audiobook needs to be available verbally, in schools, in public libraries, and gradually in music stores. It is often more useful in poetry and theater than in books. It was not until the 1980's that the center began to attract booksellers, and booksellers began displaying audio books on bookshelves instead of keeping them separate .
JEZIK, KNJIŽEVNOST, MOĆ/LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, POWER - knjiga sažetaka/book of abstracts
Authors: Autora Grupa
Published: May 2022

The Conference organisers gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia and the Faculty of Philosophy in Niš.
SLIKA MEDITERANA U SRPSKOJ KNjIŽEVNOSTI: „VENECIJA“ VLADIMIRA PIŠTALA
Authors:   University of Nis, Faculty of Philosophy, Perić Milica
Published: May 2022

Consideration of carnival and commedia dell’arte, as key achievements of the Mediterranean, its metonymic representation on the example of Venice, and seeing this phenomenon as the source of all metamorphoses, form the basis of research based on five analytical-methodological frameworks of E. Šeleva for the study of the Mediterranean literature. At the beginning of the novel, it is explained when and how the narrator became infected with Venice. The central part shows his contact with this city and their internal dialogue, while the final part shows how much power this great city has. In Vladimir Pištalo’s novel, Venice is a symbol of light and curse, change. It is also his muse, all that Venus is to Casanova. The transformation of the narrator’s personality conditioned by the contact with Venice and the Mediterranean is visible on several levels: a) transformation as a change of individuals and society on the night of the carnival, b) transformation as a consequence of the hero-narrator’s growing up, c) transformation presented in the experience of Venice and the Mediterranean in the relation Tripko – narrator. It is concluded that Pištalo’s poetically masterfully shaped novel is a metaphor of an inexhaustible thirst for beauty, conceived at the moment of meeting it, as well as a story about constant self-examination and eternal return.
KAKO SAMOSTALNO UČITI JEZIK POSREDSTVOM INTERNET RESURSA: TEORIJSKI I PRAKTIČNI ASPEKTI
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Milosavljević Mladen
Published: May 2022

Dû aux changements des aspects de la vie sous l’influence des techno- logies modernes, qui se développent à une vitesse significative, les domaines des recherches en linguistique et enseignement des langues ne sont pas épargnés. Dans ce mémoire l’auteur essaiera de trouver la réponse à la problématique suivante : comment trouver et utiliser les ressources d’apprentissage de langue disponibles sur Internet. Comment apprendre de façon autonome et aussi quelles sont les conditions liées à cette autonomie. Ce mémoire trouve ses bases sur les autres mémoires et les recherches dans les domaines de l’apprentissage autonome. De plus, il attrait aux ressources disponibles sur Internet, à l’enseignement moderne des langues, des aspects psychologiques de ce processus mais aussi à l’expérience personnelle de l’auteur qui, en apprenant sur Internet, a atteint un bon niveau du français. Cette recherche démontre que l’apprentissage d’une langue étrangère en utilisant les ressources sur Internet est possible, quand certaines conditions méthodologiques et psychologiques sont réunies. Aujourd’hui cette méthode est probablement la meilleure qui soit.
Formación del supervisor educativo en las tecnologías del aprendizaje y el conocimiento
Authors: Morla Leonel de la Cruz
Published: May 2022

En el presente trabajo de investigación se desarrolla una revisión teórica sobre las tecnologías del aprendizaje y el conocimiento (TAC) y las áreas afines que intervienen en ellas, tales como: TIC, TEP y las TIP; además, haciendo una reflexión de su incidencia en el plano de los procesos pedagógicos y la supervisión educativa. El objetivo principal del estudio es, determinar cómo se abordan algunos aspectos referentes a las tecnologías del aprendizaje y el conocimiento en las fuentes documentales para el nivel de dominio de los técnicos docentes distritales en el desempeño de sus funciones de manera eficiente, innovadora y colaborativa. Para ello, se ha desarrollado una investigación bibliográfica, utilizando como fuente diversas investigaciones y documentos donde se ponen de manifiesto los niveles de competencias digitales que debe poseer el docente supervisor, a fin de dar respuestas a interrogantes, tales como: ¿Cuál es la importancia de las TIC en el proceso de supervisión? ¿Cómo se relacionan las tecnologías en el campo educativo? ¿Cuál es el rol del supervisor educativo de cara a los avances tecnológicos actuales? y ¿cómo inciden estos agentes con el buen uso de las tecnologías en el campo educativo? Las conclusiones permiten determinar la importancia que tiene para el supervisor educativo el conocer las herramientas tecnológicas, a fin de orientar y guiar las prácticas pedagógicas hacia su uso eficiente, adecuado y corregir sesgos distorsionados.
Estudio Agronómico del maíz Criollo Rojo Guanajuato establecido en Zumpango, Edo. de México
Authors: Liñán José Luis Gutiérrez , Gaona Carmen Aurora Niembro , García Alfredo Medina , Gaona María Candelaria Mónica Niembro
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo se estableció en el Centro Universitario UAEM Zumpango con el objetivo de realizar el estudio agronómico del maíz criollo rojo Guanajuato, y así mismo conocer su comportamiento de adaptación a la zona y a partir del análisis de las siguientes variables: Altura de mazorca (AM). Altura de planta (AP). Tamaño de la mazorca (TM), Grosor del tallo (GT), Longitud de la hoja (LH), Longitud del Totomoxtle (LT), Diámetro de la mazorca (DM), Número de Carreras de la mazorca (NCM), Rendimiento (RTO), de acuerdo con la metodología de Muñoz en 1993 para el cálculo del rendimiento. Se utilizó una estadística descriptiva para obtener los valores de cada variables planteada y de esta manera, conocer la respuesta del maíz en la zona y de los acuerdo con resultados, presento comportamiento agronómico obteniendo un rendimiento de 350 Kg en la unidad experimental, lo que puede ser una opción viable para producir este material en la zona de estudio y bajo la supervisión del personal académico de la Institución.
Inclusión educativa del alumnado universitario con discapacidad intelectual en Honduras. Una deuda pendiente.
Authors: Paz-Maldonado Eddy
Published: May 2022

Previo al surgimiento del concepto “discapacidad intelectual” se utilizaron una serie de términos entre ellos: retraso mental, deficiencia mental, retardo mental, subnormalidad mental. Tales denominaciones generaron etiquetas a las personas en dicha condición y las ubicaron en un sentido de inferioridad.1 Hoy en día existe un consenso global sobre el uso del constructo discapacidad intelectual, según Luckasson et al (2002) “se caracteriza por limitaciones significativas tanto en el funcionamiento intelectual como en la conducta adaptativa tal y como se ha manifestado en habilidades adaptativas conceptuales, sociales y prácticas. Esta discapacidad se origina antes de los 18 años”.
Bilateral necrosis of the globus pallidus after binge-drinking.
Authors: Del Brutto Oscar H. , Rumbea Denisse A. , Recalde Bettsy Y.
Published: May 2022

Un hombre de 77 años desarrolló de manera progresiva lenguaje traposo, temblor de acción en ambas extremidades superiores, bradicinesia generalizada y marcha inestable, varias semanas después de ingesta masiva y sostenida de alcohol, seguido de un estado de inconsciencia en el cual el paciente no respondía a órdenes verbales o estímulos dolorosos. La resonancia magnética reveló necrosis bilateral y simétrica de los globos pálidos, así como atrofia cortical e hipocampal severa. El daño de los globos pálidos probablemente estuvo relacionado con acidosis respiratoria durante el evento. El parkinsonismo palidal debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de pacientes con trastornos progresivos del movimiento después de una lesión aguda tóxica o hipóxica del sistema nervioso.
An Ayurvedic Approach to Manage PCOD - A Case Study
Authors: Anjali Jain  , Diksha Khathuria  , Khushwant Joshi  , Mahesh Dixit
Published: May 2022

Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is an endocrine disorder that causes metabolic changes in women of reproductive age. PCOD has evolved into a lifestyle disorder as a result of sedentary habits, fast food consumption, and a poor lifestyle. The precise cause of PCOD is mysterious, but high levels of insulin, hyper androgen, and LH are the main causes. PCOD symptoms include irregular menstruation, oligomenorrhea, acne, hirsutism, hair loss, obesity, and constipation. PCOD is not directly stated in the Samhita, but clinically it is similar to Aartavavaha strotas dushti, Nastaartava, Granthi, Santarponnth vyadhi, and Yonivyapad. In this present case study, a 22 year old female patient came with symptoms of irregular, delayed menstruation, scanty menses, acne on the face and hair fall. The USG report reveals polycystic patterns of both ovaries with Right ovary volume 11.6cc and Left ovary volume 11cc, both ovaries are bulky in size with increased stromal echogenicity and multiple (10-12) small follicles (2-5mm) arranged in peripheral distribution. She had taken the medication so many times but she had not been completely cured. As a result she came to our hospital for Ayurvedic treatment. Result was made on the basis of Clinical symptoms relief and USG report. So in this case study, we will look at an Ayurvedic approach in the management of Polycystic Ovarian Disease.
Ayurvedic Management of Aaghataja Sandhivata w.s.r. to Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case Study
Authors: Falguni Joshi  , Ravi Sharma  , Ruhi Zahir
Published: May 2022

The most commonly diagnosed arthritis is Knee Osteoarthritis. The main possible causes of Knee Osteoarthritis can be trauma, overweight, old age, lifestyle, calcium deficiency etc. In modern medicine, the available treatment for osteoarthritis is NSAIDS, Ca supplements, and at last, joint replacement. The present case study is about knee osteoarthritis which is caused due to trauma. Panchakarma (Snehana, Swedana, Janu Basti, Matra Basti) has a significant role in the management of Osteoarthritis. So, here’s an attempt to show its efficacy, along with oral Ayurvedic medications, which will be helpful for further studies.
Adravya Chikitsa- A Ayurvedic Holistic Nonpharmacological Approach to Combat Mental Health- A Short Review
Authors: Ashutosh A Debnath  , Rajesh S Kolarkar  , Aparna N Sathe
Published: May 2022

In the Ayurveda medical system, diseases are further divided into Shareerika Roga and Manasaroga according to Adhistana. To manage all types of diseases, Chikitsa is divided into three categories namely, Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashraya and Satvavajaya. Daivavyapashraya Chikisa includes measures to combat Daivakrit diseases. Yuktivyapasraya is a form of treatment based on the basic principles of Ayurveda and Satattvavajaya Chikisa can also control mind withdrawing from the unpleasant things. Ayurveda puts extra pressure on Sattvvajaya Chikisha and Daivavyapashraya Chikisa in managing Manovikaras.

Among the Trividha chikitsa, Daivavyapashraya Chikisha has been mentioned earlier due to its "Ashukaritva". It works like Vyadhihara because of Devaprabhava. Satwavajaya Chikitsa is a unique non-pharmacological treatment for psychological disorders. Yuktivyapashraya has two types of treatment meaning internal and external. Inside contains Langhan and Brumhan treatments.

The treatment is of two types - Dravyabhuta (drug therapy) and Adravyabhuta (non-drug or non-pharmacological therapy). Both species have their significance to varying degrees in different places. The same names of Bheshaja (medicine) such as Pathya, Prayashchitta and Hita also indicate the importance of Adravyabhuta chikitsa. Adravyabhuta chikitsa is recommended for both Sharirika rogas (somatic diseases) and Mansika rogas (psychological disorders). There is a need to thrive Adravyabhuta chikitsa and Dravyabhuta chikitsa to get the results you want and the best conditions for various ailments and to maintain a normal body condition. The various measures of Adravyabhuta chikitsa described in the dispersed manner in Ayurveda are collected, compiled and discussed in this research paper.
PAIR DIFFERENCE CORDIALITY OF MIRROR GRAPH,SHADOW GRAPH AND SPLITTING GRAPH OF CERTAIN GRAPHS
Authors: PONRAJ R , A Gayathrı , SOMASNDARAM S
Published: May 2022

In this paper we dicuss the pair difference cordility of Mirror graph, Splitting graph, Shadow graph of some graphs. we have studied about the pair difference cordility of Mirror graph, Splitting graph, Shadow graph of some graphs.Investigation of the pair difference cordility of Mirror graph, Splitting graph, Shadow graph of some special graphs are the open problems.
Role of virtual reality and active video games in motor and executive functions in cerebral palsy: a systematic review
Authors: Asifa Qurat Ul Ain  , Arooj Fatima  , Faraya Yousaf  , Filza Shoukat  , Kashif Siddiqui  , Ashfaq Ahmed
Published: May 2022

Objective: To explore current evidence on the role of virtual reality and active video games in motor and executive functions compared to conventional physical therapies in cerebral palsy patients.
Method: The systematic review was conducted at the University Institute of Physical Therapy, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised search on MEDLINE via PubMed, Pedro and Cochrane Central related to randomised and clinical controlled trials published from 2005 to 2020. For critical appraisal of the studies, the Pedro tool was used, while methodological quality assessment was done using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.
Results: Of the 15 articles reviewed, 14(93.3%) reported significant effect of virtual reality and active video games on motor functions. Critical appraisal found the quality of the studies from fair to high. Low risk was found in 4(26.7%) articles in terms of selection, 3(20%) allocation, 6(40%) detection, and 8(53.3%) had attrition bias. Unclear risk was reported in the performance and reporting bias domain in all the 15(100%) articles.
Conclusion: Virtual reality games cannot be used as a substitute for therapy, but along with the conventional physical therapy, they are very effective and produce significant changes in motor functions in cerebral palsy patients. As for executive functions, more research needs to be done to determine the impact of these games at a higher level of brain.
Key Words: Virtual reality therapy, Active video games, Motor rehabilitation, Executive functions.
Diabetes is too important to be left to diabetologists alone
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Suresh Sharma
Published: May 2022

The Challenge is Great Diabetes is a pandemic which shows no signs of slowing down. Recent developments, such as the COVID 19 epidemic, have highlighted the role of diabetes specifically uncontrolled diabetes, in defining health outcomes.1 We have known, for long, the role of glycaemic control in improving long term vascular outcomes. Now, however, we have robust data which demonstrates that a 1% reduction in glycated haemoglobin can reduce probability of getting severe COVID19 by 21%.2 A major obstacle to ensuring euglycaemia is lack of education. Lack of awareness, at individual, family and societal level, leads to delayed recognition, diagnosis and management of diabetes.3 This is turn, creates a situation where control becomes progressively more difficult to achieve, and satisfaction with health care becomes lesser and lesser.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP1RA) and Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i): Making a pragmatic choice in diabetes management
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Saptarshi Bhattacharya  , Nitin Kapoor
Published: May 2022

created opportunities for comprehensive diabetes care. Two classes of drugs, GLP1RA (glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists), and SGLT2i (sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors) have demonstrated their efficacy in glucose control as well as cardiovascular risk reduction. While both can be used together, there is an ongoing debate regarding their relative advantages and limitations. We present a clinical perspective to compare and control these two classes of drugs, and promote rational prescription in diabetes praxis.

Keywords: Canagliflozin, CV risk reduction, dapagliflozin, dulaglutide, empagliflozin, GLP1RA, liraglutide, obesity, semaglutide, SGLT2i.
Use of subtle vibrations to predict future organ dysfunction
Authors: Ibtehaj-Ul-Haque  , Umer Hayat Ahmed Sharif  , Varisha Fatima Shaikh
Published: May 2022

Over the years, the application of quantum physics in medicine has led to a greater understanding of the cellular processes within the human body. A dimension of quantum physics is vibration medicine. There is no distinction between energy and matter in quantum physics, and all molecules are constantly in motion, creating resonance. This resonance is critical to comprehending how subtle energy guides and maintains human health and fitness [1].
Subtle energies form the core of examination of the physiological and anatomical maps we examine in modern medicine. Evidence-based literature is present that depicts the relationship between subtle energies, mind-body connections, and electromagnetic waves [2]. Every cell in the body resonates and every part of the body has its sonic signature i.e. the sound of the cells of the heart is different from that of the cells of the lungs. It’s also seen those different forms of cell illnesses that affect humans have a unique frequency spectrum [3]. Subtle energy can be used to detect changes in the resonance of cells of the diseased organs and predict future organ dysfunction in patients with chronic diseases e.g. diabetes, and hypertension. In Pakistan, this diagnostic modality isn’t currently used, but it holds the potential to maximize preventative care and lessen the burden on its healthcare system.
Hydrogels are cross-linked hydrophilic polymers similar to the extracellular matrix and adhere firmly to tissues [4]. The use of hydrogels in bio-medicine is of great interest [5]. However, there is insufficient literature that depicts the use of hydrogels in predicting future organ dysfunction. Zwitterionic Polydopamine-clay-poly [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (PDA-clay-PSMBA), a novel hydrogel, can be potentially used to predict future organ dysfunction. The novel hydrogel can adhere to a variety of body tissues with the strength of 19.4 KPa (in the heart). It retains firm adhesion on wet and underwater tissues and the adhesion is stable with heart beating and lung breathing. The hydrogel sensors monitor the dynamic vibrations of the organs, sending electrical impulses to the computer through wireless transmission. Excellent electrical conductivity, sensitivity, and robust adhesion allow it to detect subtle vibrations in the tissues. Moreover, the novel hydrogel is highly stretchable, self-healing, and bio-compatible [4]. Therefore, it holds considerable promise in detecting subtle vibrations which can then be used to predict future organ damage.
More studies are needed to inspire vibratory medicine towards yielding results of possible organ dysfunctions by quantifying subtle vibrations.
Hubungan Pelaksanaan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan Pada Hotel di Bogor
Authors: Melati Berti Anggun
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to discuss and analyze the training program and its effect on work productivity. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive quantitative analysis, with multiple linear regression analysis, validity test and reliability test. The results of hypothesis testing have proven that there is a significant effect between the implementation of the training program on employee productivity. Tests prove that the implementation of training has a positive effect on employee productivity by R 0.73% while the remaining 27% is not in this study which includes employee willingness to train, report employee progress and increase knowledge. While the most dominant variables affect employee productivity at hotels in Bogor. are training, awarding and different educational backgrounds.

Keywords: implementation of education, training, work productivity
Analisis Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Penggajian Dalam Mendukung Pengendalian Intern pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Bandar Selamat
Authors: Panjaitan, Latifah Hanum Br , Nasution  Yenni Samri Juliaty
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine how the payroll accounting information system  supports internal control at  PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Bandar Selamat. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The data sources in this case are primary data and secondary data. Data collection technique in this study using interviews,observation and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the payroll accounting information system used by PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Bandar Selamat is good and adequate in supporting management to carry out internal control of the company. This is said to be good because the company provides positions to employees with various levels of education and abilities of each employee. There is a separation of the duties and responsibilities of employees in handling of employees in handing the employee payroll process. However, there are still errors in recording employee time which cause the system to not properly. And Finally the internal control in the payroll accounting information system is in accordance with the procedures established by the company.

Keywords : Payroll,Accounting,Information,System, Internal Control.
Disability in diseases of the peripheral nervous system at working age in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Berg Adel V.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Diseases of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are diagnosed in 48.0-76.6% of industrial workers, accounting for more than 50% of occupational morbidity rate. PNS are characterized by a chronic progressive course, being the main cause of the temporary and permanent disability. However, the issues of disability associated with PNS diseases remain unexplored. Purpose of the work: to study the level of primary disability of the working-age population of the Republic of Bashkortostan due to PNS diseases. Material and methods. Among all cases initially recognized as disabled over 2014-2018 disabled people of working age with the main diagnoses of PNS diseases were selected. Results. The average annual rate of disability due to PNS diseases during 2014-2018 in the Republic of Bashkortostan was established to be of 0.1006 ± 0.028 cases per 10,000 working-age population. The structure is dominated by radiculopathy of the lumbosacral level, polyneuropathy of the upper and lower extremities; men are more likely to get sick, people over 50 years old. Limitations. The features of the formation of disability at working age in all 107 people recognized as disabled due to PNS diseases for 2014-2018 in the Republic of Bashkortostan were studied. Conclusions. Intensive indicator of disability due to PNS diseases in working age for 2014-2018 increased by 1.5 times, their proportion increased by 1.5-2.0 times among the disabled due to all and neurological diseases. Disability by 79.7% is formed due to radiculopathy of the lumbosacral level, polyneuropathy of the upper and lower extremities. Among the disabled, men predominate, people over 50 years of age with a tendency to increase the proportion of younger people. Disability among men is 2.2 times higher than in women. Disability due to PNS diseases occurs on average at 48.7 ± 5.7 years and 23.6 ± 3.0 years of experience, which reduces the duration of a healthy life and possible years of work experience. Disability due to PNS diseases at working age has a particularly important social, medical and economic significance and requires special attention to its prevention.
The prevalence of obesity in the adult population in Russia and over the world (literature review)
Authors: Karpova Oxana B. , Zagoruychenko Anna A.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The prevalence of obesity shows a significant gain in rate, which is a serious threat to the entire world community In this regard, special attention should be paid to the problem of rational nutrition and increasing the preventive activity of the population The purpose of study is to analyze the features and dynamics of the spread of the problem of obesity in Russia and over the world, to determine the main directions of prevention of obesity in the adult population. Material and methods. In the course of this study, a retrospective analysis of official statistics of the Ministry of Health and WHO databases was executed. In order to provide a more complete representation of rank distributions and dynamics of indicators, histograms were used, calculated growth coefficients, as well as chain and basic growth rates were used as statistical indicators. Statistical data processing was carried out using SPSS, Excel-2007 packages. Separate methods of literature search were used including the databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, CyberLeninka, RSCI, eLibrary, and analytical, statistical methods, study and generalization of experience, comparative analysis. Results. The analysis showed the lowest level of obesity to be typical for countries with low or lower middle income: (Vietnam (2.1%), India (3.8%), Indonesia (6.9%), Bangladesh (3.4%), Nepal (3.8%), Ethiopia (3.6%), Afghanistan (4.5%)). The maximum level of obesity in 2016 in Europe was recorded in the UK. The maximum value of obesity among adults in Russia is typical for the Siberian Federal District, which is by 1.7 times higher than the average in Russia. The Central Federal District, the North Caucasian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District have low values of the obesity index (71.1%, 75.3% and 77.1%, respectively). Conclusion. With the aim of reducing the growth of the morbidity rate of obesity it is necessary to conduct the state adequate preventive measures, strengthening the role health-saving activities and health technologies, and the formation of the motivational attitude to their own health - from the side of man as the subject of health.
A case study on effectiveness of bhavita churna of Asoka twak in Premenstrual Syndrome
Authors: Ajayakumar Ardra , V V Shincymol , P Y Ansary , Oommen Sara Moncy
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a disease characterised by manifestation of physical and psychological symptoms in females. It is a disorder of unknown etiology that recurs in the luteal phase of an ovulatory menstrual cycle. In Ayurvedic perspective, vitiation of tridoshas particularly vata can be observed in the pathogenesis of PMS. The Asoka - Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde has got vedanasthapana, pittakaphahara and sokanasana karma which implies that it can cure both somatic and affective symptoms. Bhavana includes processing of churna with liquid extracts to increase the potency.   A clinical case of premenstrual syndrome has been selected to study the effectiveness of bhavita churna (processed powder) of stem bark of the drug.  The treatment was conducted in the luteal phase (14 days prior to menstruation) for three menstrual cycles and a follow up was also carried out for another three consecutive menstrual cycles. There was significant reduction in symptoms as assessed through Premenstrual Syndrome Scale after 3 cycles of treatment when compared to before treatment.  The effect sustained even after follow up.  The Asoka - Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde stood as an effective drug for relieving physical and psychological symptoms observed in PMS.

Key words: Asoka, Premenstrual Syndrome, bhavita churna, vedanasthapana, sokanasana
Ayurvedic approach in the management of Sthoulya- A case study
Authors: Deshpande Harish , S V Saraganacharya
Published: May 2022

A Female aged 30 years hailing from Muddebihal, Karnataka working as an Asst.Manager in Bank, a known case of obesity since 5 years. By her physical, clinical and anthropometric examinations, she was diagnosed to be sthoulya (Obesity). It is successfully managed by the principle of “Guru Cha Atarpanam”. In the present scenario Sthoulya(Obesity) is a overwhelming issue throughout the world. The changes in dietary habits and mode of living (sedentary lifestyle), Obesity is one of the most serious lifestyle disorders that endangers people's lives and is also a major cosmetic issue. Effective treatment for obesity is needed for present days. Obesity is linked with Sthoulya or Medoroga in Ayurveda. Sthoulya is most caused by Ati Ahara Sevana, Avyayama and Beejadosha. Apatarpan chikitsa is the main Chikitsa explained by Acharya Charaka for Sthoulya. Aims and objective: To demonstrate the role of Ayurveda in the management of Obesity. Methods: The current article is about a Sthoulya case that was treated with Apatarpan chikitsa, specifically Udwartana, Bashpa sweda, sadyo virechana, shamana aushadhis, yogasana and some dynamic exercises. Results: Patient experienced significant relief from all the symptoms, weight, BMI, Anthropometric measurements and lipid profile in just 20 days.
The effect of Anal Sevana (exposure to heat) on Raktavaha srotas: A Case Control Study
Authors: Rasane Shital R , Joshi Mrudula V , More Preeti V , Sane Mohana
Published: May 2022

Background: Occupational hazard is any workplace condition that causes a risk to employee health. In recent era, a lot of research work is being done on occupational hazards of which continuous exposure to heat is one of the major factors affecting occupational health. A human being has been exposed to heat through various sources like chemicals, forging works etc. Industrial heat when combined with manual work may often make adverse effects on health of the workers and mostly it affects the Raktvaha Srotas according to Ayurved. In this study, attempt had been made to find out what is the percentage of predominance of symptoms of Raktavaha Srotodushti in individuals having continuous exposure to heat. Method: A case control study was carried out in 150 workers from leading manufacturer of Upset forgings and Drop forgings in Pune industrial zone to find out association between exposure to heat and Raktavaha srotodushti symptoms, study group 100 workers (direct exposure to heat), control group 50 workers and filled a questionnaire consisting of symptoms related to raktavaha srotas vititation due to heat exposure. Result: Number of symptoms present in the study group were more than that present in control group. Redness of eyes (100%), thirst (100%), sweating (100%), mental irritation (69%) etc. other Raktavaha srotodushti lakshanas were also observed. Conclusion: Exposure to heat is one of the major causative factors of vitiation of Raktavaha Srotas. Raktavaha srotodushti lakshanas like mukhpaka, shirarshul, santapa, raktapitta observed moderately and vidradhi, pidaka were observed very rarely. To prevent the effects of continuous exposure to heat, the individuals should take preventive majors as prescribed in Ayurveda.
Management of Acromegaly associated Late-onset hypogonadism by Siddha medicine: A case report
Authors: Subramani Bhavani , P Sathiyarajeswaran
Published: May 2022

Male Hypogonadism is the condition diagnosed in men with signs and symptoms of testosterone deficiency. Hypogonadism may be further classified as primary or secondary caused due to organic or functional pathology. This classification has significant therapeutic implications for instituting gonadotropin therapy to restore testosterone levels, spermatogenesis and so fertility is possible in secondary hypogonadism but not in primary hypogonadism. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) remains the mainstay and primary therapeutic option in the treatment of hypogonadism. In this case report, we discuss acromegaly associated Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) treated successfully with Siddha medicine regimen on screening with Androgen deficiency in aging male (ADAM’s) Questionnaire, laboratory investigation of total testosterone level and evaluated the patient’s quality of life using the Aging Male’s symptoms scale (AMS) for prognosis. Siddha treatment regimen such as Poonaikali vidhai chooranam with Amukkra chooranam was administered for one year. Total testosterone level improved from 70 ng/dl to 172 ng/dl and ADAM’s score reduced from 49 to 27, while AMS score reduced from 5 to 1 indicating an alternative ray of hope to TRT.
Role of Pradarahara kashaya ghan granules in the management of Asrigdhara w.s.r to Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) - A case study
Authors: Yadav Shobha , Karkare Manjusha
Published: May 2022

Menstruation plays an important role in women’s life to get a healthy progeny. The first menstruation (menarche) occurs between 11 and 15 years with a mean of 13 years. The normal duration of menstruation is 4-5 days with at intervals of 21-35 days. Any deviation from this, causes a great impact on the quality of a woman’s physical, emotional, social and reproductive life. The word Asrigdhara is characterised by excessive, prolonged, menstrual or inter-menstrual bleeding in ayurvedic classics. According to sign & symptoms, Asrigdhara can be closely correlated with dysfunctional uterine bleeding (D.U.B). DUB is reported to occur in 9 to 14 % women between menarche and menopause. It is mostly found in extremes of the age i.e in adolescents and peri-menopausal age group due to dysfunction of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian axis but can also be found in reproductive age also. In India, the reported prevalence of AUB is around 17.9% (1). The incidence of DUB varies according to age and parity. For the present study “Pradarahara Kasaya” (2) which is a combination of 10 drugs namely Khadira, Chandan, Bala, Asana, Sariva, Vasa, Japa, Musta, Shalmali and Amalaki were taken in the form of granules which are easy palatable. Diagnosis is confirmed by the complaints described by the patients. Assessment has been done before and after treatment. In present study, it is observed that Pradarahara kasaya has provided significant relief in all the symptoms of Asrigdhara.
Gridhrasi (Sciatica) – Ayurveda Management
Authors: Kurbet Rashmi , Varghese Jibi Thankachan , Patil Roshani Shekhar , Shah Samkit Sandesh
Published: May 2022

Gridhrasi has become a common disease in today’s times. It is one amongst the “eighty diseases of Vata”. ‘Gridhra’ refers to “Vulture” where the patient acquires the gait of vulture and hence the disease is termed as Gridhrasi. In this case, classical gait refers to ‘slight lean’ towards the affected part of body. The clinical feature of Gridhrasi is, low back pain which radiates from the hip, to the posterior aspect of thigh, and down to leg. It can be correlated to “Sciatica” in modern medicine. Sciatica, is a painful condition, in which, pain starts in the lumbar area, and radiates along the course of the sciatic nerve. This article highlights a case study of Gridhrasi, treated with Ayurvedic principles in particular Shodhana Chikitsa; the therapy which expels out the morbid Doshas from the body. Shodhan chikitsa helps in eradicating the disease from its root level, that avoids its recurrence in future. Here, is a case study of 72 years old, male patient having signs and symptoms of Gridhrasi since 2 years. The patient was admitted and managed with Shodhana (purification) along with Shamana (pacification) Chikitsa. Basti was administered for a duration of 30 days. Ushna virya aushadis were used mainly for Agni Deepan, Aampachan and Srotoshodhan. The results with rationality have been depicted in this article.