bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gamification: 20 years on, what have we learned?
Authors: Aldred Holly
Published: June 2024

Gamification has gained significant traction and attention over the last decade, though the term goes back over two decades, and the application of the principles themselves likely pre-date the term itself. Establishing a widely accepted definition of gamification and classification of the underpinning principles is still ongoing; this paper considers three proposed models, and their unique contributions to research into gamification, particularly in the cyber environment.We then examine a case study in cyber-security gamification, assessing the performance of the Cyber Explorer’s programme – a UK government sponsored initiative, which aims to utilise gamification to enhance cyber security education in UK based 11–14-year-olds. We examine how the various gamification principles have been applied, their effectiveness and implications for cyber security education.The resulting analysis and discussion highlight a need for more research into the effectiveness of gamification in sub-populations, to examine the impact of gamification elements on learning effectiveness rather than motivation, and to identify the specific gamification mechanisms which are most effective in the cyber security learning arena.
Practising Safe Sex(t): Developing a Serious Game to Tackle Technology-Facilitated Sexual Violence
Authors: Cotton Tia , Shepherd Lynsay
Published: June 2024

Modern society relies on the Internet for socialisation, entertainment, and business, whilst the COVID-19 pandemic has expedited the digitalisation of many services. Heightened incidences of cybercrime have accompanied increased Internet usage, including acts of technology-facilitated sexual violence (TFSV). Measures to prevent further TFSV victims are limited, and growing pressures on law enforcement mean few support resources are available. This paper presents an innovative game-based mitigation for TFSV education. We developed a serious game in the form of an online visual novel, with each chapter revolving around an aspect of TFSV. Pre and post-game surveys were conducted with 45 participants to explore their experience with the game and understanding of TFSV. The findings highlight that games-based interventions have the potential to act as an effective tool against TFSV. The broader implications of the work focus on suggestions for law enforcement and the role of games-based mitigations to reduce victimisation.
Integrating Human Factors into Data-driven Threat Management for Overall Security Enhancement
Authors: Alwaheidi Mohammed , Islam Shareeful , Papastergiou Spyridon , Kioskli Kitty
Published: June 2024

Human and other non-technological issues are often overlooked, which directly and indirectly contributing to many successful cyber attacks, including DoS, social engineering, download-driven attacks, and more. Considering human issues as causes for internal threats and weaknesses, a deeper understanding of these factors is essential for overall security enhancement. Therefore, organizations of all sizes need to ensure a broad range of knowledge, skills, and awareness among all user levels, from individual end-users to security practitioners. However, this task is challenging due to the evolving nature of business, systems, and threat contexts. To address this challenge, our research represents a significant advancement in holistic and comprehensive threat assessments, surpassing existing practices by considering pertinent human factors. Our approach views humans as potential weaknesses or threats, influenced by various factors. Specifically, it incorporates key human elements, such as motivation, knowledge, context, and privilege, into the threat management process to enhance overall security. These factors are systematically classified and interconnected, facilitating the identification of weaknesses and threats posed by humans within the system context. For example, depending on the context, privilege can be categorized into three levels: organizational, departmental, and unprivileged, with end-user privileges falling into these classifications. Knowledge, as a human factor in this approach, is differentiated into technological and security awareness. Our proposed approach extends data-driven threat modeling by integrating human factors to identify and assess threats related to these factors. We present a conceptual model that combines human factors with cybersecurity concepts, including data, assets, threats, weaknesses, and controls, to assess and manage threats associated with human factors and evaluated from both insider weaknesses and threat perspectives. This contributes significantly to overall security enhancement, including improving the accuracy of threat assessments, identifying new threats, and developing more effective threat mitigation strategies.
Crossing the East Asian cultural bridge: Comparison between Chinese and Japanese aesthetic education
Authors: Yuan Zhuyun
Published: June 2024

This article aims to conduct a comparative study of aesthetic education in China and Japan, to explore the similarities and differences in history, theory, and practice of aesthetic education in the two countries, and to promote cross-border learning exchanges and cooperation. This article adopts the method of literature research and deductive induction, first introduces the history and current situation of aesthetic education in China and Japan, and then compares the theoretical system and practice of aesthetic education in the two countries. It is hoped that the aesthetic education of the two countries will be integrated and developed, jointly cultivate Asian talents.
Machine Learning Builds Embedded Interaction Model to Guide Knocking Behavior in 3-6 Year Olds
Authors: Guo Chengcheng , Xie Jiaci
Published: June 2024

Machine learning, as an emerging technology, is gradually starting to be applied in the field of children’s education (Nan, 2020). This article mainly investigates how to utilize machine learning technology to assist parents in guiding children aged 3-6 to develop good behavioral habits and manners. However, existing design studies aimed at children’s behavioral habits lack relevant academic experimental cases and also have certain technical limitations. Therefore, in this article, through user interviews, observational methods, and the creation of the FBM behavior model, the results of the interviews with the parents of seven children, aged between three and six years, were utilized as a basis for further observational analysis of the daily behavior of one child aged 3. In order to determine the direction of research on children’s formation of good knocking habits, two experimental studies were carried out while studying the behavioral model of children aged 3-6. The first experiment, based on the research results obtained through interviews and observations, children’s footsteps were identified as the training object of the machine learning MFE model to complete the model data construction. The second experiment involved building machine learning training models to configure hardware-device interaction models. The model was then deployed to the surveyed families for further validation and tracking of the children’s behavior. Finally, it was further confirmed that children’s behavior can be subtly changed with guidance, thereby fostering the habit of knocking on the door. Simultaneously, the research findings also indicate that leveraging machine learning to assist in guiding the formation of good behavioral habits among children aged 3-6 is a feasible and deeply valuable research direction.
Attempt to evaluate pictogram complexity using fractal dimension
Authors: Kosaka Hiroaki , Ikeguchi Kiyonao
Published: June 2024

Pictograms are used in a variety of situations, including road signs, public facilities such as train stations and airports, evacuation guidance during disasters, and icons on computer screens. Pictograms can provide guidance and instructions without being affected by language differences. For example, a foreigner who does not understand the script or language of the country may not be able to understand a sign written in the language but may be able to understand a pictogram. Thus, pictograms have the advantages mentioned above. Pictograms must be easy to understand, so that people can understand what they mean immediately, but there are pictograms that are difficult to understand. We assume that there are many factors that contribute to the understandability of a pictogram, one of which is the complexity of the pictures in the pictogram. For example, if there are many picture elements in a pictogram, it becomes more complex, and it may take that much longer to read and may be difficult to understand. Therefore, we would like to investigate the relationship between pictogram picture complexity and reading time. It is first necessary to quantify the pictogram's pictorial complexity to investigate the relationship.In this paper, we attempt to quantify the complexity of pictogram images using fractal dimension. Kosaka et al. conducted an experiment in which 13 participants read 56 pictograms and answered what each pictogram was. The answers and reading time when they read pictograms were recorded. We calculated the fractal dimension of these pictograms and examined the relationship between the calculated fractal dimension values and the reading time, the calculated fractal dimension values and the percentage of correct answers to what the pictogram indicated. The experimental results indicated that the reading time and the percentage of correct answers rate were not correlated with fractal dimension.
Design Strategies to Reduce Personal Protective Equipment Noncompliance
Authors: Aryana Bijan , Osvalder Anna-lisa , Borell Jonas
Published: June 2024

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) noncompliance has been addressed through various lenses. In current literature, there is a greater focus on improving training and safety culture. Improving PPE design to persuade PPE compliance is less explored, especially in sectors beyond healthcare. This study investigates the reasons behind PPE noncompliance across construction, maritime, and chimney sweeping sectors. The results are then used to develop a set of design strategies for PPE manufacturers, as an alternative to merely addressing changes in training, work culture, or organizational procedures. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the sectors, participants, and work environments studied, the study builds upon a wide range of qualitative and quantitative data collection methods and corresponding analysis approaches, with a greater emphasis on in-depth qualitative studies. The results were synthesized using an integrated synthesis method, which formed the basis for design strategies addressing multiple aspects of designing PPE, including but not limited to testing PPE in real settings and length of use, testing the simultaneous use of various PPEs, and assessing guessability.
Application and Prospect of Mixed Reality in Design Experiment Teaching
Authors: Zhang Lingyan , Chen Shuangying , Wang Yun , Fu Jiqing , Zhang Qianxi , Liu Jiarui
Published: June 2024

This study aims to explore the application of mixed reality in experimental safety teaching, designing and implementing a mixed reality-based experimental teaching method to enhance the effectiveness of experiments and user experience. Through field visits to design laboratories and expert interviews, this research analyzes the existing problems in design experimental teaching and real user needs. It proposes a multi-level, multi-dimensional mixed reality innovation design experiment platform construction method from teaching to dialogue, from human-computer interaction to perception, from creation to manufacturing, and from communication to thinking. Finally, this study uses the intelligent cockpit interface experience perception mixed reality experimental platform as an example to confirm that mixed reality technology can provide an immersive learning experience. This research provides theoretical support and practical reference for the application of mixed reality in experimental safety teaching, and offers prospects for future teaching design and research.
Future mobility scenario exploration based on futurology and speculative design tools and methods
Authors: Shuai Yao , Zhao Danhua
Published: June 2024

This paper focuses on the use of futurology tools to explore the future of the field of mobility. This paper provides an in-depth interpretation of the core concepts of speculative design and emphasizes its importance in transcending the boundaries of reality and challenging conventional thinking. Further, combined with the four future perspectives detailed in Speculative Everything, we discuss how these perspectives provide new perspectives and Revelations for predicting future mobility scenarios. These four perspectives not only reveal the diversity of the future for us, but also bring more abundant and diversified possibilities to the field of smart mobility. On this basis, the conceptual framework of the future triangle is introduced, and the opportunities and challenges facing the future transportation development are deeply analyzed. This analysis helps us to understand the complexity of traffic system design in a more comprehensive way, and provides a solid theoretical foundation for future practice. Combined with the perspective of futurology, it can stimulate the society's in-depth thinking and participation in the future mobility. In summary, the goal of this paper is to provide designers, researchers and policy makers with a new perspective and methodology to promote innovation and development of future transport design and ensure the sustainability and prosperity of society.
A Structured Approach to Clinical Pathway Mapping (CPM): a Case Study of a Postoperative Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) pump
Authors: Micocci Massimo , Soukup Tayana , Kettley-linsell Hannah , Bahadori Shayan , Zhou Shanshan , Walne Simon , Borsci Simone , Buckle Peter , Hanna George
Published: June 2024

This study describes an evidence-based Clinical Pathway Mapping (CPM) visualisation method that can be used to enhance healthcare quality in the face of complex systems and constrained resources. The CPM visualisation method we are proposing highlights the connection among the key components of the healthcare work system – individuals, tasks, tools, technology, physical environment, and organisational conditions. When seeking to innovate a clinical pathway by adding or changing a (technological or procedural) component, practitioners need to consider that changes in one component will affect the others, so being able to map and visualise such the relationship among the components is essential to patient safety and care delivery. We present the CPM method using a case study focused on a new Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) pump in the postoperative sector. Feedback was gained through semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from four NHS Trusts in the UK. By evaluating the device's effect on post-operative procedures, the research produced a thorough picture of the postoperative environment as it exists today. We identified the two most likely scenarios of use and carried out a work system analysis to investigate these scenarios in detail and implications for the healthcare work system’s components. This analysis facilitated the identification of new criteria necessary for the device's effective integration into NHS Hospitals. The study emphasises the benefits of utilizing a human and system centred process for visualisation, identifying areas for development, and improving the security and effective application of emerging medical technologies.
Development of a semi-automatic patient lift vehicle for bedridden or wheelchair-bound persons with reduced mobility
Authors: Alonso Dena Aguilar Jose , Javier Martinez Delgado Enrique , Manuel Velasco Gallardo Victor , Zacarias Moreno Edgar , Hernandez Aguilar Ludovico , Elizabeth Martinez Escobedo Ruth
Published: June 2024

Users with motor disabilities who are bedridden or in wheelchairs depend on the assistance of third parties to perform routine mobility movements through transport and/or transfer actions. This generates physical wear and tear on the assistant and the risk of injury or lumbar disease that may even lead him/her to stop assisting the patient. This article presents the development of a low-cost semi-automatic patient lift vehicle for bedridden or wheelchair-bound people with reduced mobility. The equipment was designed and built using specialized manufacturing techniques and mechatronic methodologies to provide operational stability and mechanical control of the equipment's linear travel and lifting movements. The designs of the equipment were obtained using Solidworks®. The semi-automatic patient lift vehicle support structure was manufactured based on dimensions declared on ISO 10535 standard and using readily available materials of proven resistance, considering a mobile structure composed of a wheeled base, a mast and an ergonomic pendant were attached to several stability points. A mechatronic remote-control system was developed using an Arduino® UNO electronic board with its respective programming platform. The remote-control interface was developed using the App Inventor® application and by means of a mobile device the up and down control of the patients in the proposed prototype was achieved. Design and prototype construction allows and adequate lifting and transport of patients with no difference on age, height, weight and gender due to the statistical analysis applied determined that design of semi-automatic patient lift vehicle is adequate to accomplish the purpose of patient lifting indistinctly of weight, height and route type. Nevertheless, improvements must be done as a future work in order to have a better prototype considering the handling of the caregiver person for the operation. The semi-automatic patient lift vehicle was put into operation directly in public social assistance centers (DIF Municipal and Centro de Atención Múltiple VIII) located in Pabellón de Arteaga City, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
Development of an electric wheelchair for the mobility of people with chronic reduced mobility
Authors: Alonso Dena Aguilar Jose , Javier Martinez Delgado Enrique , Manuel Velasco Gallardo Victor , Zacarias Moreno Edgar , Hernandez Aguilar Ludovico , Enrique Hernandez De La Rosa Luis
Published: June 2024

Having a patient who is unable to move on his own generates stress on his family, since this type of disease has repercussions on the economic and emotional stability of both the patient and the people who assist him. The present work is a proposed solution for the development of low-cost national technology with high social impact, which was initially designed for the care of a 6-year-old patient with Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita, resident of the Pabellón de Arteaga, Aguascalientes, Mexico. The patient has suffered from this disease since birth, which prevents him from performing daily activities and, above all, from moving around on his own. Therefore, an electric wheelchair was designed and built to lighten or reduce the work of carrying and transporting the patient and to reduce or avoid possible injuries to the patient, as well as to the people assisting him. Designs of the device were elaborated in Solidworks® according to the dimensions of the ISO 2570-255 standard. The control system was designed as open loop control and programmed in Phyton language. The chassis and support structure were constructed from readily available materials of proven strength and is equipped with a swivel caster base. For the semi-automation and control system, a mechatronic system was built based on an Arduino® Nano data acquisition board connected to various electronic or electric-electronic modular elements. Design and construction of product allows an adequate transport and displacement of people of any age, weight and gender due to statistical analysis developed and applied determined that having several person conditions o characteristics made not significant difference. Additionally, majority perception of people that operated the chair indicated that it was comfortable, that they felt safe using it and also it was easy to operate the EWC. Nevertheless, as a future work, improvements must be done to have a better safety system and stop control system. Once the development of the electric wheelchair was completed, it was donated to the disabled child for routine use and operation, contributing to improve his quality of life.
An Interaction Engine and Question Refactor Method in Question Answering for Knowledge-Driven Process Planning
Authors: Yu Tianzong , Ma Yan , Wen Peihan
Published: June 2024

Process planning is the intermediate stage between product design and product production. In the ever-evolving landscape of manufacturing, the optimization of process planning plays a key role in ensuring efficiency, cost-effectiveness and overall productivity. Traditional process planning methods often rely on predefined rules and expert knowledge, along with process engineers’ experiences, which are tacit and unstructured, existing in their minds. Weak optimal results and resource inefficiencies come in accordance with inefficient knowledge reuse. Existing research work has developed systematic knowledge modeling for process planning and constructed a process knowledge graph (PKG), based on which fundamental question answering (QA) has been performed. But there is the single round strategy in the process of QA over knowledge graph (QAKG). Process planners’ questions may be not parsed and they don’t have chance to implement or even don’t know what to implement. We propose an interactive QAKG framework containing the question refactor method for process planning. The interaction engine will be triggered when the input question can’t be parsed to query statement for target entities. Candidate intermediate entities are searched and listed for specifying. The initial question will be refactored after integrated with the entities selected by users. The methodology is implemented by taking the process data of CPU cooler from a manufacturing enterprise. Results show the method could promote the intelligence of knowledge-driven process planning as well as the level of knowledge acquiring and sharing.
Co-Creating Public Service: Development of Hobby Voucher for Youths and Sport Clubs
Authors: Tarkkanen Kimmo , Halonen Esko , Kontio Elina , Katajapuu Niina
Published: June 2024

The increasing sedentary lifestyle and decreased physical activity among children and youth have become a global concern. Public services, facilities and sports clubs play a significant role in supporting children's physical activity. This article describes the co-creation process of a physical activity support system - a digital tool for public financial support and management in the field of youth sport and hobbies - aiming at increasing involvement and continuation of hobbies after pandemic. We analyze the roles of stakeholders and mutually supportive ways they were involved in the co-creation process.
User's Visual Behaviour: relationships between readability, typography and background color - An Eye-tracking View
Authors: Soares Eduarda , Soares Ines , Coelho Quina , Almeida Ricardo , Fernandes Rita , Teixeira Ana , Brito-costa Sonia , Espada Silvia , Antunes Maria
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of black typography on coloured backgrounds, on the user’s visual behaviour to analyse which colour and opacity are the most appropriate to read black text. We recruited 20 participants (9 identify themselves as male and 11 as female) aged from 18 to 21 years old with a mean age of 19.50 (SD=1.50). All participants were tested with the same criteria and in the same environment. Data were acquired through the Gazepoint GP3 system and the incorporated Gazepoint Application Program Interface software, capable of calculating the individual’s pupillary reaction when exposed to specific colours and individuals were subject to observation of an experimental protocol, with just 2 minutes. We used the colour setting CMY (cyan, magenta and yellow) to analyse two variables: 1) colour used as background; 2) background opacity. The first consists in the changing of the background colour over black text between the colours, yellow, magenta and cyan. The second variable consists in analysing how the change in the opacity of the background affects the reading and the user’s perception, varying the opacity percentage between 100, 50 and 25. All possible combinations (9) of coloured backgrounds were tested, to avoid inaccuracies in data analysis and processing. The typography used was Arial, the font size was 20pt and the colour was black.Through analysing and processing the data provided by the eyetracker, we were able to conclude that 100 percent opaque colours make it more difficult to read black typography. The light intensity of these colours stimulates the participant’s pupil to contract. This discomfort allows us to conclude that choosing yellow, magenta and cyan, with 100 percent opacity, is not the best combination for reading black text.We concluded also that the pupil dilates with reduced light intensities, such as 25 percent opacity. The pupil is in a state of rest when it is not subjected to extreme light stimuli (excessive and reduced), reaching an intermediate size. This happens with backgrounds at 50 percent opacity, which makes reading easier and more fluent.The pupil reaches a state of rest when not subjected to extreme light stimuli, whether excessive (too much light) or reduced (lack of light). Therefore, we can conclude that, regardless of the preferred colour, reading typography in black is more pleasant on backgrounds with opacity between 25 percent and 50 percent.Finally, it is important to highlight that the pupil is constantly adjusting to the environment exposed. The pupillary reaction can be influenced by other external factors, such as the surrounding lighting conditions and everyone’s sensitivity.
'The readiness of the elderly for autonomous vehicle technology: An integrated review
Authors: Wang Teng , Jiang Yunshan , Zuo Yanling , Wang Peggy , Zhou Jia
Published: June 2024

Currently, an increasing number of drivers are facing challenges associated with the decline in physical function as they age. The widespread adoption of autonomous vehicle technology holds the promise of addressing travel difficulties for older adults. However, older adults encounter difficulties in using autonomous vehicle technology due to their declining physiological conditions and cognitive abilities. Therefore, this paper aims to understand the readiness of older adults for autonomous vehicle technology. The paper applies Human Readiness Level (HRL) to discuss the performance of older adults using three specific autonomous vehicle features—Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Blind Spot Warning (BSW), and Lane Departure Warning (LDW). Employing a literature review approach, this paper conducts database screening on the research topics evaluating the readiness and driving performance of older adults for autonomous vehicle technology with the application of HRL and related theories. In total, 15 articles were selected as core literature. We propose recommendations and measures on how to enhance the readiness of older adults for autonomous vehicle technology from both technological and individual perspectives to enhance the readiness of older adults for autonomous vehicle technology and ensure safer travel for them.
Mitigating Human Error in Civil Aviation: A Cognitive Analysis of Job tasks Using Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM)
Authors: Sharma Ucchita , Bangar Raju T
Published: June 2024

Ground Handlers are responsible for managing the critical operations that take place for the airlines and airport. The efficiency and success of the operations are highly dependent on ground handlers and how they can perform the tasks. Any small accident or a minor incident can also result in huge losses in civil aviation. Previous studies show that one of the leading causes of occurrence of accidents or incidents is human error. Therefore, it is necessary to tackle and understand the probability of occurrence of human error, also known as Human error probability (HEP).Purpose of study: The study wishes to understand which tasks amongst the critical ones performed at the airside have higher HEP, and also to identify the factors that are responsible for the same. This is being done because Human error can have an impact on how the individuals perceive the task. The study is therefore studying the factors that impact the cognitive resilience of individuals leading to human error. Methodology: The study uses the Success Likelihood Index Methodology ( SLIM) along with Fuzzy-AHP to calculate the HEP. Ten experts who have had a minimum amount of seven years of experience in managing ground handlers and safety were screened for the data collection process. Conclusion: The study has found that maintenance tasks have a high probability of human error to occur. It was also found that the experience attached to tasks being performed, along with the time constraints and pressure of performing the task efficiently are factors responsible for the human error to occur while performing the tasks. Therefore, it is essential that the organization is able to allocate rosters accordingly and elevate the experience of the tasks that are being performed.
An approximate metaverse virtual store designed for reducing cybersickness in middle-aged consumers
Authors: Liu Cheng-li , Uang Shiaw-tsyr
Published: June 2024

With the rapid growth of online shopping, the business model of online stores has also shown diversified development. In the case of product display, when customers cannot experience the actual product in person, merchants will work hard to promote the products to gain the favor of customers on the display platform and then to purchase their products. However, traditional product catalogs in 2D images to present products cannot satisfy consumers' recognition. With the advancement of technology, online stores constructed with 3D virtual reality will significantly enhance consumers' attraction. Previous research in Taiwan found that the percentage of people over 40 engaged, especial in middle-aged, in online activities has increased significantly since 2011. If the virtual store added the metaverse concept, middle-aged people could interact with relatives and friends like in real life. It is convinced that this online store consumption model will profoundly affect middle-aged people to be happy to invite relatives and friends to participate in online shop shopping. However, the resulting problems, such as spatial orientation and spatial perception conflicts, need to be addressed as soon as possible so as not to affect the participation of middle-aged people. This study applied the concept of cross-zone navigation and the method of static clarity-reducing design in peripheral vision to reduce cybersickness infection and obtain a safe shopping environment. The results showed that cross-zone navigation developed in this study can assist middle-aged subjects in reaching the target location quickly, reducing disorientation problems.
Importance of handgrip strength and endurance time for predicting COVID-19 mortality in older adult patients: K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) algorithm
Authors: Rostamzadeh Kalkhoran Sajjad , Abouhossein Alireza , Allafasghari Atabak , Allafasghari Amin
Published: June 2024

The study aimed to investigate the role of handgrip strength (HGS) and muscular endurance time (ET), as assessment measures for physical frailty and muscle function, in predicting the COVID-19 mortality of elderly patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). This prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 872 COVID-19 patients (415 females and 457 Males) aged 65-90 years admitted to ICU. Demographic data, underlying comorbidities, COVID-19-related symptoms, as well as laboratory and computed tomography (CT) findings were obtained from the patient's medical records. Using a JAMAR® hydraulic dynamometer, the average HGS (kg) after three measurements on the dominant side was recorded as the outcome for analysis. The threshold of the Low grip strength was defined as less than 26 kg and 14 kg for males and females, respectively. This is based on the consideration that low grip is two standard deviations below the gender-specific peak mean value. Muscular ET was also calculated after an additional trial, in which patients were asked to maintain the grip, and the value was measured in seconds when strength dropped to 50% of its maximum level. Subsequently, all thirty-one features were entered into the k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) algorithm to investigate the possible relationship between HGS and ET with COVID-19 mortality in elderly patients admitted to ICU. The results showed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), low grip strength, C-reactive protein (CRP), SaO2, and ET were found to be the most relevant components for possible COVID-19 mortality prediction, respectively. Further, the k-NN classifier achieved the highest classification accuracy of 95.21% to predict COVID-19 mortality, under the 10-fold data division protocol. Along with the well-known clinical risk factors, HGS and ET can be quick and low-cost prognostic tools in the mortality rate of elderly patients with COVID-19.
Integrating Tradition with Modernity: Transformation of Tang Dynasty Aesthetics in Contemporary Costume Design Through Dunhuang Mural Inspirations
Authors: Zhang Yunfan , Joneurairatana Eakachat
Published: June 2024

This study delves into the aesthetic elements of clothing in China's Dunhuang murals from the Tang Dynasty, aiming to understand their transformation and inheritance in contemporary costume design. It seeks to reveal the integration of traditional culture with modern fashion, emphasizing the fusion of ancient and modern aesthetics and its impact on the contemporary costume industry. The methodology involves analyzing Tang Dynasty costume characteristics as portrayed in Dunhuang murals, focusing on aspects like smooth lines, simplicity, and color coordination. It then examines how these aesthetics are transformed and inherited in current costume trends, highlighting the innovative integration of classical Tang elements into modern designs. The findings indicate that this creative blend leads to fashionable attire that resonates with both classical and contemporary tastes, diversifying design styles and revitalizing the clothing industry. Conclusively, the study underscores the significant influence of Tang Dynasty aesthetics on contemporary dress culture. The adaptation and modern reinterpretation of Tang attire not only enrich the contemporary clothing market but also deepen the appreciation of traditional Chinese culture. This research offers fresh insights into cultural inheritance and innovation, advocating for China's contemporary costume design to exhibit its unique allure globally, thus facilitating the spread and exchange of Chinese culture in today's interconnected world.
Exploring Lower Body Asymmetry in Female Fencers: Implications for Enhanced Legging Design and Performance
Authors: Liang Ruixin , Wan Frances , Li Xiaolu , Zhang Jun , Yip Joanne
Published: June 2024

Fencing is a sport that places unique demands on the body due to its asymmetrical movements. As a result of long-term training, the body shapes of female fencers can differ from those of non-athlete women, leading to specific requirements for sportswear design. However, there is a lack of research focusing on the anthropometry of female fencers and their lower limb asymmetry, particularly in comparison with non-athlete females. This study aims to fill this research gap by examining and analyzing the body shapes of female fencers and non-athlete women using three-dimensional scanning technology. To achieve this goal, seven professional fencers and eight non-athlete women were invited to participate in a scanning experiment in a standard "A" pose. Cross-sectional circumferences of the lower body at eight separate positions were computed and compared between the left and right side, as well as between fencers and non-athletes. In addition, the performances of three commercial leggings were evaluated for fencers. The results revealed a clear asymmetry in the fencers' bodies. This finding could provide valuable insights into the physical attributes that contribute to the unique requirements for legging design, potentially enhancing the performance of fencers. Further research in this area could lead to the development of more effective and comfortable sportswear for fencers, ultimately improving their performance and reducing the risk of injury.
Garment Fit Evaluation via Customer Feedback on Daily Wear
Authors: Yin Dik Nga , Kei Tsang Wai , Pun Chan Ah , Yu Lo Kwan
Published: June 2024

The apparel manufacturing sector is progressively employing virtual prototype demos to optimize the pre-production phase and augment correspondence with relevant parties. Connecting consumer demands with accessible sizes is still difficult, though. This paper suggests a methodology that uses natural language programming to understand customers' practical requirements through customer interactions. Customer perceptions can be incorporated into the research process to obtain important insights into the preferences of the target audience and guarantee that the clothing fulfils their expectations. This methodology facilitates precise evaluation of clothing fit, enhances client contentment, and pinpoints opportunities for enhancement. Customers' participation in research also fosters inclusivity and diversity in terms of body shapes and preferences. Through the integration of client feedback, brands can develop customized products that cultivate brand loyalty and enduring partnerships. The study used sentiment analysis and self-observation to gather extensive data for a virtual model of predicted clothing fit. The results emphasize the value of body positivity, self-acceptance, and a broad definition of beauty. Brands may challenge conventional beauty norms and increase customer happiness and confidence by providing a variety of sizes and styles. The study gathered information on factors pertaining to self-perception, personal preferences, and the assessment of garment fit. Correlations between the perception of body form and size and the choice of clothing were found using a logistic regression model. The findings offer insightful information that helps companies customize their offerings and marketing plans, outperform rivals, and retain a devoted clientele.
Revolutionizing Talent: The Path in 21st Century Workforce Transformation
Authors: Koumpan Elizabeth , Mcowen Lynda
Published: June 2024

In a world where progress is driven by people and experience, having the right workforce with a strong HR and Talent strategy is key to business growth and business agility. Building and retaining this talent requires the enterprise to cater to the changing talent landscape with a comprehensive talent agenda to attract, develop and retain the right resources for their workforce. In order to achieve these objectives, it is important for the enterprise to develop and scale new digital and data savvy skills while balancing user-centricity with an industry solution orientation that starts with talent acquisition and continues on through the employee lifecycle. This transformational journey to enhance the employee experience and improve productivity includes elements such as talent acquisition (attraction, recruiting and interviewing, onboarding…), personalized career development, personalized retention practices (motivation, feedback, recognition, opportunities…) and predicting critical events (new technology burst such as Gen AI…) while maintaining a solution that addresses all required regulations. This includes creating tools that assist in evaluating and assessing new legislative texts, identifying overlap with existing regulations, locating any red flags (e.g. executive liability) and preparing recommended output.In this paper we will explain how the use of Large Language Models and Gen AI can create the capabilities in talent transformation utilizing the enterprises base infrastructure to support enhancements in employee experience and productivity throughout the different stages of the employee lifecycle. Implementing this technology in conjunction with human expertise will ensure that these initiatives align with the organization's specific goals and values, ethical considerations, transparency, and accountability that are crucial when deploying AI in HR and talent management.We will share our architectural patterns that we have used as a foundation for building a holistic talent transformation framework, that any enterprise can adapt and combine to suit their specific needs and goals in managing and optimizing their workforce in the 21st century.
Exploring consultant roles: Analyzing power dynamics through expert and referent power bases
Authors: Lachmi Rotem , Ben-hador Batia , Brender-Ilan Yael
Published: June 2024

Defining product and service quality in most industries is relatively simple. However, defining service quality in management consulting is sometimes more complex. Management consultants help clients solve challenging issues and productively manage the organization. A significant research gap lies in the need for more clarity regarding the distinguishing factors between successful and unsuccessful consultants in their ability to assist clients in achieving their goals. Furthermore, the essential power consultants need to drive clients to success remains undefined.To bridge the research gap, we used analysis in two phases. The purpose of the first phase, the qualitative research, was to examine the power bases of the consultants. Forty consultants were interviewed, 10 of them from abroad, with the help of a semi-structured interview. The formulated research question was: what are the most common power bases that the consultants have, and how do they affect the relationship with the client? From all the interviews, two themes were found –Knowledge and identity. Furthermore, the most valuable power base from the consultants' view is the Expert power. This finding deviates from the literature, which typically references three power bases for influence and other factors.To examine whether the consultants' perception is relevant and correct, the second phase, quantitative research, examined the effect of power bases on the clients' self-efficacy and managerial stress. The study aimed to answer the question of whether there is a relation between the source of the consultant's main power base, emphasizing Referent or Expert power, and the level of managerial stress and self-efficacy of their client. One hundred clients participated in testing the correlation between the power bases of the consultants, self-efficacy, and management stress of the clients. With the help of regressions and statistical models, it was found that there is a significant correlation between the consultant’s Expert power and the client’s self-efficacy, while managerial stress moderates their correlation.The combination of the two research phases, qualitative and quantitative, reveals that Expert Power is crucial in boosting clients' self-efficacy, except when they're under high managerial stress. This paper provides readers with current insights following Mosonyi et al three different sources of power focusing on the Knowledge aspect. Furthermore, using French& Raven social power taxonomy combined with the Rahim Leader Power Inventory (RLPI). This research contributes to the existing literature by emphasizing a key power base and shedding new light about power dynamics in management consulting, additionally; it offers practical benefits by enhancing consulting outcomes and influencing on both client's and consultants' perspectives.
Relationship between Digital Stress and Innovation Capacity
Authors: Vanni Kimmo , Syvanen Antti , Viteli Jarmo
Published: June 2024

Digital stress poses one of the most significant challenges for organizations because of the emerging digital transformation. Numerous reports have discussed the impact of digital work on employees' perceived physical and mental health. Continuous exposure to digital information flow, multitasking, and constant connectivity may lead to cognitive overload and mental fatigue, affecting attention, memory, concentration, and even one's capacity for innovation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived digital stress, work engagement, and innovation capacity. A large survey was conducted among companies and public organizations in Finland, with 121 respondents. Data were analyzed using SPSS-28, employing Pearson correlations and descriptive methods. The study revealed an indirect association between digital stress and innovation capacity, with digital load and work engagement acting as mediators. However, a moderate correlation was observed between work engagement and innovation capacity. In summary, it can be suggested that moderate digital workload combined with good digital competence may have a positive association with eustress, work engagement, and innovation capacity.
Evolving Anthropometric Traits of Slovak Consumers and Their Impact on Furniture and Furniture Marketing
Authors: Starchon Peter , Hitka Milos , Gejdos Milos , Miklosik Andrej
Published: June 2024

The current development of anthropometric data in the Slovak population, noticeable in the area of increasing average height and weight, is expected to have an impact on furniture production and furniture marketing. This contribution is based on selected changes in anthropometric characteristics of the Slovak population between 1993 and 2023, recorded on a sample of more than 15,000 respondents—university students in Slovakia. The paper itself directly derives from the identified changes, with the aim of providing an overview of the current consumer demands for furniture industry products and their expectations regarding furniture marketing, primarily in the area of beds, mattresses, and chairs made of wood, based on the results of primary research. The research methodology was based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. The primary quantitative research was conducted through an online questionnaire survey with a sample of 1000 respondents at the turn of 2022 and 2023 (with a follow-up currently underway in late 2023/early 2024), and qualitative research using focus group interviews was conducted in December 2023 with a total of 18 participants.Even though the current results indicate that consumers are generally satisfied with the furniture product portfolio, considering the global trend of increasing obesity in the population, it is meaningful to invest in the development of furniture with higher load capacity. The most significant gap in the market was identified in the product categories of chairs and office chairs. Another product category is represented by beds, which, while available in the desired quality, face challenges with higher prices and a limited range. Additionally, the lack of a range of wooden bed slats that have durability was observed. Also due to the increasing average weight as well as height of consumers, changes in standardised bed sizes and weight limits are required. In the case of mattresses, the market offer fully reflects consumer expectations, considering both the increasing average weight and height. Concerning furniture marketing, increased attention from sellers should focus on enhancing transparency and providing information about the weight capacity of furniture, material structure, durability, and the possibility to try out furniture in person. Negative consumer experiences in furniture purchases have been noted in relation to the knowledge and advisory capabilities of salespersons in assisting with furniture selection. This research was supported by the project APVV-20-0004 The Effect of an Increase in the Anthropometric Measurements of the Slovak Population on the Functional Properties of Furniture and the Business Processes.