bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of healthy eating index 2020 and its components with systemic inflammatory biomarkers among U.S. general adults: a large nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Hongguang , Liu Yao , Zhan Bowen , Huang Zhenhe , Deng Guifang
Published: November 2023

Background
Prolonged chronic inflammation is a risk of various chronic health disorders. Dietary patterns have been associated with inflammation. Healthy eating index 2020 (HEI-2020) has been associated with health status. However, the association of HEI-2020 and its components with systemic inflammatory biomarkers is not examined.
Methods
Participants aged 20 years and older with completed information on two reliable dietary recalls, blood cell counts and demographic characteristics were recruited from 6 NHANES circles from 2007 to 2018. Weighted general linear methods were used for evaluated associations of healthy eating index 2020 (HEI-2020) and its components with systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). Weighted quantile regression (WQS) models and quantile g-computation (QGC) models were used to evaluated the mixed effects and weights of HEI-2020 components for SII and SIRI.
Results
HEI-2020 was negatively associated with SII and SIRI. The values of β (95% CI) of ln-transformed SII and SIRI for continuous HEI-2020 were − 0.0025(-0.0031, -0.0019) and − 0.0024(-0.0028, -0.0019). High scores of whole fruits, whole grains, added sugars, seafood and plant proteins, total vegetables, fatty acids, saturated fats, and greens and beans were associated with lower ln-transformed SII and SIRI. WQS models and QGC models supported the negative the association between the mixed components and systemic inflammation and demonstrated that high consumption of whole fruits and whole grains, and low consumption of added sugars were the main contributors of the HEI-2020 benefited against systemic inflammation.
Conclusions
Higher HEI-2020 was associated with lower systemic inflammation. Whole fruits, whole grains, and added sugars were the top three contributive components of HEI-2020 for systemic inflammation. The findings provide the anti-inflammation dietary recommendations based on the DGA.
Rapid ecotoxicological assessment using Cyprinus carpio cell lines
Authors: Lee Yun Haeng , Kuk Myeong Uk , Lee Hojun , Park Ji Ho , Lee Haneur , So Moon Kyoung , Song Eun Seon , Yoon Jee hee , Lee Yoo Jin , Park Jihae , Han Taejun , Park Joon Tae
Published: November 2023

Fish are known for their exceptional sensitivity and rapid physiological responses to environmental pollutants, making them a valuable tool for ecotoxicological assessment. However, the complex sensitivity of fish to a variety of stressors other than pollutants makes it difficult to obtain objective ecotoxicological data to pollutants. To address these issues, fish-derived cell lines have emerged as important tools to indirectly measure the ecotoxicity. In this study, we established cell lines from Cyprinus carpio (C. carpio) to assess the ecotoxicity of four toxicants: copper sulphate (CuSO4), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), sodium chloride (NaCl) and selenium. CuSO4, PFOA, NaCl and selenium exhibited semi-effective concentrations (EC50) of 83.55, 2343.41, 5901.62 and 83.62 ppm, respectively. Remarkably, these EC50 values closely mirrored the EC50 or lethal concentration 50 (LC50) values recorded in other fish species, underlining the predictive power of our cell-based platform. We also performed a comprehensive analysis of DNA damage using the neutral comet assay, a technique used to assess genotoxicity. Our results showed that CuSO and NaCl significantly increased the level of DNA damage, confirming their genotoxic potential, while PFOA and selenium showed no significant genotoxic effects. In conclusion, we have established an innovative ecotoxicological assessment platform capable of generating accurate, rapid and comprehensive data on toxicants. This platform avoids the direct use of live fish, highlighting its ethical and practical value as a valuable tool for environmental monitoring and protection.
Screening, expression, and characterization of recombinant phytase from Bacillus subtilis KM-BS for biodegradation of phytic acid in animal feeds
Authors: Ho Hai H. , Huynh Trang N. P. , Nguyen Vinh D. H. , Nguyen Thao T. T. , Trinh Ly T. P. , Nguyen Anh Q.
Published: November 2023

Two extracellular phytases derived from Bacillus subtilis KM-BS were cultured at 37 and 55°C. These phytases were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and biochemically characterized for potential industrial applications. Recombinant PhyC-37 and PhyC-55 were shown to be catalytically active, with activities of 3.73 and 2.51 U/ml and specific activities of 4.12 and 1.43 U/mg, respectively. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the purified enzymes had a theoretical molecular weight of 58 kDa. Similar to other Bacillus phytases, the optimal temperature of the recombinant enzymes was 55°C. Purified PhyC-37 and PhyC-55 were optimally active at pH 7.0 and 5.0, respectively. They exhibited good stability at their optimal pH values and showed possible thermostability, retaining 46.22 and 50.05% of their activity after incubation for 360 min at 55°C. Addition of 1 mM of metal ions such as Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Co2+, and Zn2+ stimulated PhyC-37 and PhyC-55, while enzyme activities were moderately to completely inhibited in the presence of Cu2+, SDS, EDTA, Triton X-100, and Tween-80. The Km and Vmax values of PhyC-37 were determined as 0.18 mM and 448.60 µmol/min, while for PhyC-55 the values were 0.19 mM and 355.60 µmol/min, respectively. Crude PhyC-37 and PhyC-55 also demonstrated remarkable rice bran digestion efficiency. Overall, findings highlighted the appealing features of these two purified phytase enzymes, which showed significant potential as candidates for application in the animal feed industry to mitigate environmental eutrophication.
Histopathological tissue alterations of targeted organs of ornamental goldfish, Carassius auratus in India caused by a new pathogenic bacterial strain, Bacillus licheniformis PKBMS 16 identified on the basis of morpho- biochemical and 16S rDNA characterization
Authors: Saha Mandira , Kundu Beauty , Saha Saikat , Molla Sabir Hossen
Published: November 2023

A highly pathogenic ampicillin-resistant bacteria Bacillus licheniformis have been identified from liver and kidney of symptomatic Goldfish Carassius auratus L. of India which may lead to a huge loss in the production of goldfish. Molecular characterization of the bacteria confirms its morphological and biochemical evidence. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicates Bacillus licheniformis PKBMS16 (KX235179) was most similar to those of Bacillus licheniformis, strain B3 (HM030741.1, 99%) and was placed highest bootstrap value. The pathogenic effect of the bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis PKBMS16 with a dose of 1.0 x 105 CFU/ml after 10 and 20 days of post-infection has been found to induce significant changes in histological, hematological, and serum biochemical parameters in the experimental group. Histologically, the internal organs, mainly the liver and kidney are severely damaged which may be the target organ for this isolated bacteria. The results on Bacillus licheniformis causing Bacilliosis in ornamental are worthy and significant because no reports on the in vivo pathogenicity of Bacillus species are available yet. However, this is the first reported episode from India, and it is reasonable to believe that in the experimental challenge, this bacterium produced a systemic pathology in terms of histological and hemato-biochemical alteration in Carassius auratus similar to many other known fish pathogens.
Study on the predictive value of Tom1L1 in the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally progressive mid-low rectal cancer
Authors: Li Meng , Xi Yuning , Jia Juming , Xue Jun , Wu Xueliang , Liang Weizheng , Fan Jianchun , Wang Peng , Han Lei , Sun Guangyuan
Published: November 2023

Objective: To investigate the specificity of Tom1L1 (Target of Myb1-Like1) expression in colorectal cancerous tissues and its correlation with pathological characteristics and to analyze the predictive value of Tom1L1 in the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with locally progressive mid-low rectal cancer.
Methods: Genes with differential expression in colorectal cancerous tissues and paracancerous normal tissues were screened via bioinformatics analysis and then subjected to functional prediction. The cancerous tissues and paracancerous normal tissues of 102 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer without treatment were selected; quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was applied to detect the relative expression of Tom1L1 mRNA in the two groups; Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were adopted to validate the expression level of Tom1L1 protein in the two groups and to analyze its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics. Furthermore, the pretreatment biopsy tissue wax blocks of 34 patients with locally progressive mid-low rectal cancer, who were treated with neoadjuvant Xelox chemotherapy prior to the operation, were selected as the pretreatment group, and the postoperative pathological tissue wax blocks of the same patients were taken as the post-treatment group. The tumor regression grade (TRG) was applied to evaluate the pathological response of the patients’ tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; IHC was adopted to detect the expression of Tom1L1 protein in the two groups and to analyze the relationship between the expression level of Tom1L1 and the sensitivity of neoadjuvant therapy.
Results: qPCR results showed that the relative expression of Tom1L1 mRNA in colorectal cancerous tissues was higher than that in paracancerous normal tissues, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01); the results of Western blot and IHC showed that the expression of Tom1L1 protein in colorectal cancerous tissues was significantly higher than that in paracancerous normal tissues, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01); 20 out of 34 patients (58.82%) receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy responded to the therapy; neoadjuvant chemotherapy was significantly more effective in patients with low expression of Tom1L1 protein than in those with high expression of Tom1L1 protein, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Tom1L1 is highly expressed in colorectal cancerous tissues and is involved in the onset and progression of colorectal cancer; neoadjuvant Xelox chemotherapy can have an impact on Tom1L1 expression in progressive rectal cancer; patients with locally progressive mid-low rectal cancer who have low Tom1L1 expression are more sensitive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Monte Carlo Simulations of the fallen leaves in the Sino-Russian border
Authors: Zhou Yong , Liu Geng , Zhang Heng , Zhang Lin
Published: November 2023

Herein, we conducted a comparative analysis of the experimental data of falling leaf distance obtained in Chunhua Town, located at the border between China and Russia, Hunchun, and established falling leaf models under different conditions using the numerical simulation method. The Monte Carlo statistical method was used to calculate the falling leaf distance, after which the experimental data and the numerical simulation results were compared between different types of leaves, tree heights, and wind speeds. We introduced the main factors affecting the falling distance of leaves and calculated the average variance to reflect the convergence of the experimental measurement results and numerical simulation results. By estimating the falling distance of leaves, we provided effective theoretical support for preventing deep forest fires.
IoV-SFL: A Blockchain-based Federated Learning Framework for Secure and Efficient Data Sharing in the Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Ullah Irshad , Deng Xiaoheng , Pei Xinjun , Mushtaq Husnain , Uzair Muhammad
Published: November 2023

The emergence of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) signifies a transformative paradigm for intelligent and interconnected transportation systems. However, the effective sharing of data within the IoV ecosystem presents significant challenges including security, privacy, and efficiency. To address these challenges, this paper introduces the IoV-SFL, a novel framework that seamlessly integrates Federated Learning (FL) and blockchain technology to provide a comprehensive solution. By employing federated learning, IoV-SFL framework ensures that data remains on local devices, preserving user privacy, while consortium blockchain enhances security and transparency. Furthermore, the IoV-SFL framework also leverages the capabilities of Homomorphic Encryption (HE) and Dynamic Scaling Factor to enable privacy-preserving computations, optimize resource allocation, and enhance efficiency. The incorporation of Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) within the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) model empowers the IoV-SFL framework to extract meaningful insights from heterogeneous data streams. Rigorous experiments have validated the superior performance of the IoV-SFL framework compared to conventional approaches in terms of security, communication efficiency, model accuracy, and convergence speed. Additionally, a comprehensive security and privacy analysis highlights IoV-SFL's robustness against diverse threats and vulnerabilities. The IoV-SFL framework represents a groundbreaking advancement, offering a secure and efficient means of data sharing in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), paving the way for innovative vehicular applications and safer transportation systems.
Experimental and numerical study of weak soil layer effects on slope stability and bearing capacity of strip foundation resting on inclined layered soil mass
Authors: Pourmohammadi Kourosh , Khalkhali Ahad Bagherzadeh , Dabiri Rouzbeh , Adeli Mehdi Mahdavi
Published: November 2023

Slope stability and bearing capacity have an essential role in safety assessment of foundations built on slopes. Despite numerous methods and theories for evaluation of the ultimate bearing capacity of foundations built on the slopes, the focus of the most existing experimental and analytical methods is on the bearing capacity of foundations built on homogeneous soils or horizontal layered soils with/without reinforcing elements. As far as, in practice, the foundations might be rested on the sloped and inclined layered soils, this study seeks to study the effect of the presence of weak layer on the stability and bearing capacity of strip foundations resting on slopes of 30, 45 and 60 degrees angles through 27 tests of small-scale models and numerical modeling with Flac2D finite-element software in three states of homogeneous slope (without weak layer), slope with weak layer in front and weak interlayer slope. Investigations showed an acceptable consistency between the results of laboratory modeling and numerical analysis.
A fast computational framework for the linear bond-based peridynamic model
Authors: Liu Chenguang , Tian Hao , Don WaiSun , Wang Hong
Published: November 2023

The non-locality property of peridynamic poses significant computational challenges, especially for problems with discontinuous solutions (e.g., cracks). An efficient matrix-structure-based fast (MSBF) algorithm is proposed for the meshfree method (MF) in solving the linearized bond-based peridynamic models on a rectangular Cartesian computational domain with a uniform mesh. Taking full advantage of the intrinsic Teoplitz structure of the block-diagonal stiffness matrix, the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm is utilized to significantly reduce the number of floating point operations (FLOPS) count to achieve a substantial speed up at fine mesh resolutions than the classical matrix-vector multiplication (MVMP) algorithm. Both methods are applied to multi-dimensional static and dynamic problems, including general boundary conditions and unsteady crack propagation, with good results. The MF-MSBF algorithm demonstrates its substantial computational efficiency with greatly reduced CPU times and smaller memory footprint over the MF-MVMP algorithm in multi-dimensional peridynamic simulations with fine meshes.
Analysis of the state of conservation of Trachurus trachurus in the Western Mediterranean Sea based on the interannual (2009-2020) changes in their life history traits.
Authors: Rodriguez-Castañeda Jose Carlos , Ventero Ana , Iglesias Magdalena
Published: November 2023

Horse mackerel is a semi-pelagic fish widely distributed in the eastern Atlantic, where it represents a species of interest for fisheries and is subject to intense exploitation, leading to its global classification as a vulnerable species by IUCN. In the Northwestern (NW) Mediterranean Sea, the knowledge of their distribution, abundance and main biological parameters is fundamental to achieve their sustainable exploitation and contribute to the ecosystem approach to fisheries management. The time series (2009–2020) data set analyzed in this study came from two geographical subareas (GSAs) defined by the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM), Northern Spain (GSA06) and Northern Alboran Sea (GSA01) sampled in July during the MEDiterranean International Acoustic Survey (MEDIAS). Our results suggest that in summer, a higher concentration and aggregation of fish exists in GSA01, with a density ten times greater than in GSA06. Possible life history changes can be inferred through the analysis of the biological parameters of Trachurus trachurus in the NW Mediterranean Sea. In both GSAs, the annual decline of the size at first maturity (L50) and condition factor (Kn) was prominent. Moreover, the population structure lacked adult modes that could guarantee a successful recuperation of future stocks. Nonetheless, fish inhabiting GSA01 seem to have a better adaptive response to the events responsible for these alterations. In comparison, GSA01 is under less fishing pressure and the upwelling occurring in this area contributes to a higher availability of food, in addition to reducing the increases in sea surface temperature due to climate change during the study period.
Construction of Enterprise-Level Global Supply Chain Database
Authors: Katafuchi Yuya , Li Xinmeng , Yamada Taiki , Fujii Hidemichi , Kanemoto Keiichiro
Published: November 2023

This study constructs the enterprise-level multi-regional input-output (EMRIO) table, a framework for analyzing global supply chains. The EMRIO table uniquely disaggregates existing sector-level input-output tables into an enterprise-level structure encompassing 47 countries, 8,861 sectors, 9,246 companies, 20,098 segments, and 76,622 subsegments. This approach allows for a detailed breakdown of global economic interactions, extending from individual companies to their diverse business units. The database is constructed by integrating annual security reports, fundamental financial information, business-to-business transactions, and bills of lading into input-output tables, facilitating a granular view of the global operations of enterprises. EMRIO's detailed structure is particularly adept at enhancing the understanding of global value chains and Scope 3 emissions, offering a new lens for examining the intricacies of international trade and corporate environmental impact.
Decitabine suppresses MDSC-induced immunosuppression through dual functional mechanism and inhibits melanoma metastasis
Authors: Zhang Zhonghai , Wang Tianlong , Fang Gaochuan , Xiao Xufeng , Zhang Zhengkui , Zhao Jiaojiao
Published: November 2023

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a crucial role in promoting melanoma metastasis. Reprogramming MDSCs into mature M1 macrophages has emerged as a strategy to inhibit metastasis. Decitabine (Dec) is known to eradicate MDSCs and suppress tumor growth. In this study, we provide evidence that Dec not only reduces the MDSC population by inducing apoptosis, arresting cell cycle, and impairing recruitment, but also suppresses their immunosuppressive function by downregulating related genes and facilitating differentiation into M1 macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis of Dec-treated MDSCs revealed marked downregulation of immunosuppressive genes including S100a9, S100a8, Vegf, Cxcr2, and Nos2. Meanwhile, M1 macrophage-associated genes involved in immune activation were upregulated, such as Ddx58, Isg15, Tap1, Ccl5, Cxcl9, and Cxcl10. Further bioinformatic analysis indicated that Dec promotes MDSC-to-M1 macrophage differentiation and activates innate immune pathways including NOD-like signaling to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Time-course studies showed Dec upregulates myeloid transcription factor Irf7 to initiate MDSC differentiation and orchestrate the anti-tumor immune response. Collectively, our study unveils a novel dual-functional mechanism of Dec as both a cytotoxic agent reducing MDSCs and an inducer of their differentiation into M1 macrophages, thereby alleviating immunosuppression. This highlights Dec's potential for clinical melanoma metastasis suppression.
Using the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify the barriers and enablers to access and use of primary and maternal healthcare services by rural Bangladeshi women: a qualitative study
Authors: Chanda Sanjoy Kumar , Horne Maria , McHugh Gretl A.
Published: November 2023

In Bangladesh, increasing the use of primary healthcare (PHC) and maternal healthcare (MHC) services is the main focus of achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal-3, ensuring healthy lives and wellbeing for all. However, little is known about the sociocultural barriers and enablers to accessing and using PHC and MHC services among rural Bangladeshi women. This qualitative study aimed to identify sociocultural barriers and enablers to accessing and using PHC and MHC services among Bangladeshi rural women by using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). This exploratory qualitative study used focus groups and interviews to collect data from women, their husbands and healthcare providers. Data were analysed using Framework approach underpinned by the TDF. Four main themes emerged from data analysis, of which key barriers were summarised in three themes: (i) family barriers including lack of family reinforcement, (ii) social barriers including gender of healthcare providers, and (iii) cultural barriers including superstition to access and use of healthcare services. The remaining theme, sociocultural support, included information about key enablers, such as family support, neighbourhood connection and media influence. Several key behavioural constructs that aligned with the TDF need to be targeted when developing an intervention to promote access and use of PHC and MHC services.
WITHDRAWN: Outdoor UDA Depth Estimation with Intra-domain Attention and Cross-domain Edge Constraint
Authors: Peng Guo , Pan Shuguo , Hu Peng , Pei Ling , Yu Baoguo
Published: November 2023

In the unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) depth estimation task, a new adaptive approach is to use the bidirectional transformation network to transfer the style between the target and source domain inputs, and then train the depth estimation network in their respective domains. However, the domain adaptation process and the style transfer may result in defects and biases.Especially in outdoor environments with long distances and complex surroundings, it often leads to map holes and missing areas in the target domain's depth output. To address these issues, We propose a training network that has been improved in terms of model structure and supervision constraints. First, we introduce a edge-guided self-attention mechanism in the task network of each domain to enhance the network's attention to high-frequency edge features, maintain clear boundaries and fill in missing areas of depth. Furthermore, we utilize an edge detection algorithm to extract edge features from the input of the target domain. Then we establish edge consistency constraints between inter-domain entities in order to narrow the gap between domains and make domain-to-domain transfers easier. Our experimental demonstrate that our proposed method effectively solve the aforementioned problem, resulting in a higher quality depth map and outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods.Our code and datasets are all open-sourced at the following address:https://github.com/chongagp/UDA-depth-estimation-under-intra-domain-self-attention-guidance-and-cross-domain-edge-constraints
The growth effect of a seaweed extract made from Ecklonia maxima on germinating Avocado and Pecan seed
Authors: Pay Sascha Lynn
Published: November 2023

The traditional commercial propagation of both avocado (Persea americana) and pecan (Carya illinoinensis) trees is initiated from a single seed. The uniform germination of strong seedlings has a direct impact on the success of future grafting operations. The use of drench treatments of Afrikelp™ LG 1, a biostimulant extracted from the South African kelp Ecklonia maxima, on germinating avocado (Edranol) and pecan (Ukalinga) seed, was evaluated for any growth benefits at this initial stage of propagation. Both the avocado and pecan seed were pretreated according to industry standards and placed in a germination room with a set temperature of 30 ̊C. On germination (radicle emergence), seeds were sown into 1L Elle growbags containing composted pine bark augmented with 3 g L− 1 Multicote™ 4 and placed into a temperature-controlled tunnel. Four different concentrations of Afrikelp™ LG 1 (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0%) together with a control treatment (water), were applied as 250 mL drench applications every two weeks, with a total of four applications. Two weeks after the final drench application, the plants were destructively harvested, and final growth measurements were recorded. Foliar samples from each treatment were sent for nutrient analysis (macro- and micro-nutrients). All Afrikelp™ LG 1 treated plants showed increases in vegetative growth (foliar and dry root biomass, height; root collar diameter) and chlorophyll content, with 0.5 and 1.0% Afrikelp™ LG 1 (avocado) and 1.0 and 2.0% (pecan) treatments consistently outperforming the water control.
Salamander loss alters montane stream ecosystem functioning and structure through top-down effects
Authors: Alonso Alberto , Bosch Jaime , Pérez Javier , Rojo Diana , Boyero Luz
Published: November 2023

Amphibians are among the most endangered taxa worldwide, but little is known about how their disappearance can alter the functioning and structure of freshwater ecosystems, where they live as larval stages. This is particularly true for urodeles, which often are key predators in these ecosystems. The fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra) is a common predator in European fresh waters, but the species is declining due to habitat loss and the infection by fungal pathogens. We studied the consequences of fire salamander loss from three montane streams, by comparing two key ecosystem processes (periphyton accrual and leaf litter decomposition) and the structure of three communities (periphyton algae, aquatic hyphomycetes and invertebrates) using instream enclosures with and without salamander larvae. Salamander loss did not cause changes in invertebrate abundance or community structure, except for one stream where abundance increased in the absence of salamander larvae. However, salamander loss led to lower periphyton accrual, changes in algal community structure and slower leaf litter decomposition, with no associated changes in fungal communities or microbial decomposition. The changes observed may have been caused by release of salamander larvae predatory pressure on invertebrates, which could have promoted their grazing on periphyton, in contrast to their preference for leaf shredding in the presence of salamander. Our study demonstrates an important role of salamander larvae in montane streams through top-down control of lower trophic levels and thus in regulating key stream ecosystem processes.
Impact of a Nudge-Based Food Environment Interventions in a Hospital Convenience Store on Staff’s Food Intake and Na/K
Authors: Kawabata Teruko , Nakamura Masakazu , Takemi Yukari , Hayashi Fumi , Yamada Takashi
Published: November 2023

Background A food environment intervention using nudge tactics was conducted in a hospital convenience store (CVS) in Tokyo to improve employees’ eating habits. The objective was to evaluate its effects on staff’s urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio (Na/K), food intake, eating attitude, and behavior.Methods Using a pre–post design; the intervention incorporated nudge tactics, more healthy options, easy-to-pick-up placement of food, and eye-catching information. We also used price incentives. Primary outcomes included change in Na/K and sodium and potassium excretion assessed using spot urine at health checkups. Secondary outcomes were the change in staff’s food intake, eating attitude, and behavior assessed using questionnaire surveys. All outcomes were statistically evaluated. Furthermore, we investigated how the intervention led to the outcomes using path analysis.Results A total of 140 participant (male: 52, female: 88) were statistically analyzed. Significant changes were observed in Na/K (3.16 to 2.98 in median, p = 0.015) and potassium excretion (43.4 to 45.2mmol/day in mean, p = 0.031). Sodium excretion showed no significant change. The intake of fruits and dairy products increased with improved self-efficacy. The most influential factor for lowering Na/K and increasing potassium excretion was information from the CVS; purchasing “balanced meals” to lower Na/K and salads to increase potassium excretion were second.Conclusions Food environment intervention using nudge tactics can improve staff’s food intake, lowering Na/K.Trial registration: Registration number: UMIN000049444 (UMIN-CTR).
Extended ELECTRE Method for Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making with Spherical Cubic Fuzzy Sets
Authors: Ali Ghous , Nabeel Muhammad , Farooq Adeel
Published: November 2023

Due to the quick advancement of computer technology, the relevance of information has increased significantly for the banking sector. Protecting information security has consequently become a top priority for all banks. To solve this problem, we provide a unique strategy that extends an outranking technique named "ELiminating Et Choice Translating REality (ELECTRE)" in the context of a spherical cubic fuzzy (SCF) environment. Our suggested SCF-ELECTRE-I technique uses concordance and discordance sets, and a directed decision graph is used to offer the best option. Hence, based on score and accuracy levels, we establish three types of concordance and discordance sets: weak, medium, and strong. We intend to provide a multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) strategy for evaluating online banking security concerns by combining these sets. We investigate the application of our suggested method and conduct a comparison with a few existing symmetrical approaches in order to confirm its validity and dependability.
Valorization of lignocellulosic agave residues via pyrolysis and its use as adsorbent for methylene blue removal
Authors: THOMAS HABILA YUSUF , Cavalcante José Demétrio Nery , Padilha Carlos Eduardo de Araujo , Sales Aldo Torres , Santos Everaldo Silvino dos , Gasparin Fabiano Perin , Ries Lúcia Allebrandt da Silva , Dutra Emamnuel Damilano , Menezes Rômulo Simões Cezar
Published: November 2023

The economic exploitation of sisal (Agave sisalana) fibers leads to the generation of underutilized waste. Therefore, technologies must be developed to mitigate the environmental impacts caused by inadequate waste disposal and ensure more income from sisal exploration. The present study investigated the potential of agave residues in producing biochar with high adsorbent capacity via slow pyrolysis. Hybrid Itaporanga, Hybrid Bahia, and Mutant-1 hybrid agave varieties were used as precursors and methylene blue (MB) dye was used as a solute. In general, agave residues presented similar contents of lignin (12.1-13.2%) and ash (10.3-13.9%), while the greatest differences were recorded in the values of holocellulose (31.4%-42.4%) and extractives (23.2%-33.4%). The increase in temperature favored an increase in the surface area and volume of micropores in the biochar; however, the adsorption capacity of MB dye was reduced. The pseudo-second-order models effectively adjusted the adsorption kinetics. The Hybrid Itaporanga biochar obtained at 400 °C outperformed the other biochar, presenting static (80 mg.g-1) and dynamic (180 mg.g-1) adsorption values. Thus, thermochemical valorization of agave residue is attractive to obtain a cheap and environmentally friendly adsorbent.
Assessing Feasibility and Acceptability of Increasing Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights through Pharmacies: Lessons from Pilot Study in Kenya
Authors: Liambila Wilson , Obare Francis , Ramarao Saumya , Oguttu Monica , Nyandat Carol , Denga Benedict , Wekesa Zeka
Published: November 2023

Background
Both unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion are major public health problems in Kenya. The World Health Organization recommends the use of medical abortion to stop unwanted pregnancies. However, the extent of provision and uptake of medical abortion through private pharmacies in Kenya is not well known. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of utilizing pharmacy outlets and community health volunteers to increase women’s and girls’ access to information, medical abortion and other sexual and reproductive health services and rights.
Methods
The study utilized a single arm (intervention only) pre-test and post-test design that involved implementing a set of interventions and comparing the baseline and endline indicators. The study, referred to as Tembe Mkononi project, was conducted from 1st February 2021 to 31st December 2022, in Homa Bay County. Data collection involved baseline and endline interviews with 10 pharmacy staff (drawn from 9 pharmacy outlets) and 20 community health volunteers while program data was extracted from pharmacy sales records.
Results
A total of 527 clients obtained medical abortion drugs from the 9 participating pharmacy outlets between April and December 2022. There was a steady increase in the number of clients served from 15 clients in April 2022 to 112 clients in December 2022. Out of the 527 clients, 523 of them obtained family planning methods. All the pharmacy staff and community health volunteers expressed satisfaction and positive attitude towards the services provided to clients.
Conclusion
Results of the study show that the provision of medical abortion and other sexual and reproductive health services such as contraceptives to women and girls through private pharmacy outlets was feasible and acceptable. Building the capacity of community health volunteers to create awareness, strengthen referral and follow-up activities increased demand and uptake of sexual and reproductive health services including medical abortion over the project period. Overall, the interventions implemented in a rural county in Western Kenya have potential in addressing the problem of unsafe abortion which is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in Kenya and other developing countries.
Cardiovascular Disorders and Pregnancy Complications Post-COVID-19: Investigating the Potential Role of Vaccination
Authors: Sadiq Alaa M. , Al-Amran Fadhil
Published: November 2023

In a detailed study of 420 pregnant women in the last trimester from southern and central Iraq, aged 15 to 36 years, the impact of COVID-19 vaccinations on cardiovascular risk factors was assessed. The study's cohort displayed diverse vaccination statuses, with 50% receiving two vaccine doses and 10% receiving one dose, involving brands like Pfizer and Sinopharm. The findings indicated a notable distinction in cardiovascular responses between vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women. Vaccination seemed to reduce certain cardiovascular risks during pregnancy in the COVID-19 era. However, the extent of risk mitigation varied based on the number of vaccine doses and the vaccine type. In summary, the research suggests a potential protective effect of full COVID-19 vaccination against cardiovascular risks in pregnancy. These results highlight the need for further investigations into the specific effects of different COVID-19 vaccines on cardiovascular health in pregnancy.
A new color in the Goya palette - Analysis on a recently rediscovered painting
Authors: Legnaioli Stefano , Marras Luciano , Felicetti Chiara , Palleschi Vincenzo
Published: November 2023

The recent rediscovery of an allegorical caprice by Francisco Goya, entitledThe Black Mass of Zugarramurdi / Allegory of Knowledge according to enlightenment philosophy, was the occasion for an in-depth analysis of the materials used by the Artist for the creation of this small masterpiece. The diagnostic studies carried out on the painting, based on microscopic and spectroscopic analysis, have not only demonstrated the correspondence of the materials detected with those usually used by the artist, but the characterization of the pigments that emerged from the investigations has also highlighted the presence of a new color, a chrome yellow/orange, so far not detected in the studies conducted on the corpus of Goya’s works. This important discovery, in addition to bringing an interesting novelty to the artist's palette, contributes significantly to corroborating the dating of the work to the years of the Peninsular War, as suggested by the art-historical analysis of the painting.
Scope 3 Emissions of 2,000 Companies and 19,000 Subsegments
Authors: Li Xinmeng , Katafuchi Yuya , Yamada Taiki , Fujii Hidemichi , Kanemoto Keiichiro
Published: November 2023

Scope 3 emissions have emerged as a standard metric for evaluating corporate responsibility toward climate change. These emissions are associated with activities not directly controlled by a company but that occur within its value chain. However, reporting Scope 3 emissions faces significant challenges due to varying system boundaries and the divergence in emission factors used for estimation. This leads to difficulties in comparing and standardizing these reports across different companies. Here, we estimate Scope 3 emissions for approximately 2,000 global companies in a comparable format, using an enterprise-level global supply chain database. Our comparison of these estimates with the companies' own reports revealed a significant disparity in the accuracy of Scope 3 emissions reporting. Additionally, the analysis shows that companies reporting Scope 3 emissions had lower emission factors on average compared to those not reporting. This study marks the first comprehensive effort to enable the comparison of Scope 3 emissions across companies. These comparisons facilitate investment decisions and consumption behaviors that consider corporate responsibility toward climate change. Additionally, the extension of this analysis could simplify the process for companies to report their Scope 3 emissions.
Evaluating Endothelial Dysfunction in Post-COVID-19 Patients: Implications for Vascular Health
Authors: Sadiq Alaa M. , Al-Amran Fadhil
Published: November 2023

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Among its many impacts, the effect of the virus on vascular health, particularly endothelial function, has become a focal point of research. This study aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on endothelial function in a diverse Iraqi patient population. Methods In a cross-sectional study design, we assessed 284 patients from various regions in Iraq, including 100 females and 184 males, aged between 35 and 83 years. The evaluation of endothelial function was conducted using non-invasive methods such as flow-mediated dilation and biomarker analysis to measure endothelial integrity and inflammatory response. Results Our findings indicate that COVID-19 significantly impacts endothelial function, suggesting potential long-term risks to blood vessel integrity and increased cardiovascular risk. The effects were particularly pronounced in older age groups, highlighting the need for targeted vascular health monitoring in these patients. Conclusions The study reveals critical insights into the vascular implications of COVID-19. It underscores the importance of including assessments of endothelial function in the post-COVID-19 healthcare management plan, especially for older patients. These findings prompt the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate the long-term cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 and improve patient care during and after the pandemic.
Phenylalanine Mitigates the Phenotypic Color Variations in Pressed Petals of Petunia hybrida ‘Red Sun’
Authors: Li Jing , Huang Zhengtao , Yang Jing , Xie Chengcheng , Wu Qiang , Zhou Xuzixin
Published: November 2023

The art of pressed flowers is a method of artistic expression involving the pressing of flowers, leaves, and other plant organs for artistic creative purposes. However, the pressing process often results in color variation of the plant material, which significantly diminishes the quality of artistic works and must be solved using appropriate techniques. During this research, phenylalanine (10 mmol⋅L−1) was used to treat the petals of postharvest Petunia flowers to investigate the impact of phenylalanine on mitigating color variation, and the effect of phenylalanine on inhibiting the color variation of Petunia petals during the pressing process was evaluated by color measurement, physicochemical indices, and gene expression level analyses. Using the CIEL*a*b* color measurements, the samples from the test group had significantly higher brightness (L*) and red coloration (a*) at the final stage (S4) than the control group. In addition, phenylalanine had a significant inhibitory effect on malondialdehyde and superoxide anion accumulations in Petunia petals during pressing and reduced the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase, and catalase. The quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the transcript levels of CHS, DFR, F3′5′H, and UFGT genes in the petals of the treatment group continued to increase during the pressing process, and the transcript levels of key genes in the anthocyanin metabolic pathway of the treated samples were higher than those of the control group at the final stage (S4). These results indicated that phenylalanine can effectively diminish the color variation of Petunia petals in the pressing process, which could serve as a theoretical basis for the development of a comprehensive technology system aimed at preserving the color of pressed horticultural plants.
MATRIX OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS IN THE STRATEGIC PLANNING OF A HEALTH COOPERATIVE
Authors: Monge Poltronieri Steve
Published: November 2023

Strategic planning represents the mechanism through which companies manage to guarantee an adequate process of efficient establishment of actions and allocation of resources to respond in a timely manner to the needs of the environment. It is then proposed from a descriptive case study, the way in which health cooperatives achieve the implementation of environmental analysis matrices, in this case the MEFE and MEFI matrices respectively, which allow them to analyze both internal and external factors.
ISOLATED D-PINITOL FROM AERIAL PARTS OF SOYBEAN PLANTS PLAYS A PROTECTIVE ROLE ON DOXORUBICIN INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY IN MICE MODEL: HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF HEART
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute (Deemed to be University), Chennai, TamilNadu, India., M. Sudha
Published: November 2023

Introduction:D-Pinitol, a polyol is a potent antioxidant agent and anti-inflammatory agent. Hence,this study was carried out to evaluate whether D-Pinitol administration prior to induction of cardiotoxicity using Doxorubicin would protect cardiac histopathological changes in an experimental mice model. Methods: Ten groups of sixty Swiss Albino mice were taken for administration: Control, Doxorubicin (5 mg/kg), D-Pinitol (400 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg & 100 mg/kg), and D-Pinitol (400 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg & 100 mg/kg) + Doxorubicin (5 mg/kg). DOX-induced cardiac toxicity was characterized by the histopathological observations. Results: Myocyte necrosis was clearly seen in the group that received just doxorubicin therapy. Administering D-Pinitol before receiving Doxorubicin minimized myocyte necrosis and degeneration of myocytes. Conclusions:Administration of D-Pinitol to Doxorubicin-challenged rats ameliorated alterations in histological cardiac damage compared with the Doxorubicin alone treated group. As a result, D-Pinitol supplements may help lessen the cardiac damage caused by doxorubicin.
Technostress, transformational leadership, and academic performance of university students in South Colombia
Authors: Manuel Andrade Navia Juan , Ramírez Plazas Elías , Camilo Ramírez Juan , Bermeo Castro Diego
Published: November 2023

The study aims to establish the moderation of transformational leadership in the relationship between technostress and academic performance of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was of a quantitative nature with the support of the deductive method and of an explanatory correlational type. Technostress was measured with an instrument adapted from the RED-Technostress scale; transformational leadership was measured with an instrument adapted from the short version of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire 5X model; and academic performance was measured with a scale developed by the authors. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used, and the constructs were evaluated using SEM and SPSS AMOS software. In total, 245 questionnaires were administered. The results show a negative and significant relationship between transformational leadership and technostress (–0.338; p < 0.00), a positive and significant relationship between transformational leadership and academic performance (0.472; p < 0.00), a negative and significant direct relationship between technostress and academic performance (–0.553; p < 0.00), and moderation of transformational leadership of the relationship between technostress and academic performance (–0.159; p < 0.00). Thus, teacher leadership moderates the relationship between technostress and students’ academic performance, i.e., a high level of transformational leadership practices of teachers allows a lower impact of technostress and its manifestations on the students’ academic performance. Likewise, technostress manifested by students was relatively low, lower than the levels expected and evidenced in other studies carried out in the business environment, possibly explained by their age and their being in a context of continuous learning.
AcknowledgmentThe authors thank the Universidad Surcolombiana for their support in the development of this study.
Advances in using mathematical optimization to manage floods with assessment of possible benefits using a case study
Authors: Ilich Nesa , Basistha Ashoke
Published: November 2023

This paper presents the benefits of using mathematical optimization for reservoir operation based on the assumed availability of short-term runoff forecasts. The novelty is the inclusion of the SSARR hydrological routing as optimization constraints in multiple time step optimization, where the routing coefficients are adjusted dynamically as functions of the channel flows. The paper shows significant reduction of downstream peak flows in flood-prone areas even with a forecast horizon of only 2 days, and it also includes the results of testing the effects of different lengths of forecasting horizons on model results. The case study is conducted on the Damodar River Basin in the Indian State of West Bengal, where basin development started in the 1950s, with flood protection of the downstream river valley as the highest management priority, in addition to water supply and hydro power. The solution methodology and the model results presented in this paper pave the way for eventual introduction to automated management of reservoir outflows that could shape water resources industry in much the same way that auto-pilot and driverless cars are revolutionizing the transportation industry, assuming that runoff forecasting capabilities continue to improve.