bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-attack Intrusion Detection Model based on MPNN and Traffic Spatiotemporal Characteristics
Authors: Lu Jiazhong , Lan Jin , Huang Yuanyuan , Song Maojia , Liu Xiaolei
Published: April 2023

Considering the robustness and accuracy of conventional intrusion detection models are easily influenced by adversarial attacks, this work proposes an anti-attack intrusion detection algorithm based on a message-passing neural network with traffic spatiotemporal features. Our algorithm can not only effectively distinguish and correlate upstream and downstream traffics, but also clearly embody the relationship between different traffics from the same source node and destination node by the established graph structure. We also improve the model by utilising the characteristics of the existing network attacks, which indicates thatthe traffic spatiotemporal characteristics could achieve high accuracy on attack traffic detection. Compared to the previous algorithms, extensive experiments show that our proposed model outperforms other similar models in performance. For the multi-classification tasks, our algorithm can effectively detect most of the network attacks and outperform traditional machine learning methods. In terms of algorithm robustness, our algorithm is less affected by adversarial attacks than traditional machine learning algorithms.
Metal concentrations in fish tissues in the Kara, Bolshoi Patok, and Maly Patok River basins, North-Eastern European Russia
Authors: Hughson Claire , Ponomarev Vasily , Kondratenok Boris , Walker Tony
Published: April 2023

Fish and fish tissue are effective bioindicators due to their sensitivity to pollution and are frequently used for assessing aquatic ecosystem health. Establishing baseline metal concentrations in freshwater fish tissues within aquatic ecosystems is important prior to establishing industrial activities to help determine potential future industrial impacts. Historically, North-Eastern European Russia has been an area with relatively low levels of industrial development and is still in pristine condition. In this region the noise to background ratio for industrial contaminants may be disproportionately high. This study measured baseline metal concentrations in freshwater fish tissues collected from three study sites (Bolshoi Patok, Maly Patok and Kara River) in North-Eastern European Russia as bioindicators for overall aquatic ecosystem health. Seven fish species including European Grayling, Arctic Char, Whitefish, Perch, Pike, Roach, and Peled over a five-year period between 2000 to 2005. Fish tissue samples were analyzed for Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), and Zinc (Zn) metal concentrations. Metal concentrations measured in fish tissues in this study compared favourably to remote sites in Alaska in the US and Slovenia. Despite small variation between sampling sites, metal concentrations were relatively low and considered in pristine condition. Metal concentrations measured in fish tissues in this study represent baseline conditions which will be important to compare against using monitoring programs should the region experience future industrial development.
Multi-domain-fusion Deep Learning for Automatic Modulation Recognition in Spatial Cognitive Radio
Authors: Hou Shunhu , Dong Yaoyao , Li Yuhai , Yan Qingqing , Wang Mengtao , Fang Shengliang
Published: April 2023

Automatic modulation recognition (AMR) is a critical technology in spatial cognitive radio(SCR), and building high-performance AMR model can achieve high classification accuracy of signals. AMR is a classification problem essentially, and deep learning has achieved excellent performance in various classification tasks. However, most deep learning models only use a single network. In complex wireless environments, due to the diversity of signal features, it is difficult for a single network to accurately extract the unique features of all signals and achieve accurate classification. So, this article proposes a time-frequency domain joint recognition model that combines two deep learning networks(DLNs), to achieve higher accuracy AMR. A DLN named MCLDNN(multi-channel convolutional long short-term deep neural network) is trained on samples composed of in-phase and quadrature component(IQ) signals, to distinguish modulation modes that are relatively easy to identify. This paper proposes a BiGRU3(three-layer bidirectional gated recurrent unit) network based on FFT as the second DLN. For signals with significant similarity in the time domain and significant differences in the frequency domain that are difficult to distinguish by the former DLN, such as AM-DSB and WBFM, FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) is used to obtain frequency domain amplitude and phase(FDAP) information. Experiments have shown that the BiGUR3 network has superior extraction performance for amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum features. Experiments are conducted on two publicly available datasets, the RML2016.10a and RML2016.10b, and the results show that the overall recognition accuracy of the proposed joint model reaches 94.94% and 96.69%, respectively. Compared to a single network, the recognition accuracy is significantly improved. At the same time, the recognition accuracy of AM-DSB and WBFM signals has been improved by 17% and 18.2%, respectively.
iBehavior - A Smartphone-Based Ecological Momentary Assessment Tool for the Assessment of Behavior Change in Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Dakopolos Andrew , Glassman Dana , Scott Haleigh , Bass Michael , Hessl David
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the present study was to describe the content and function of iBehavior, a smartphone-based caregiver-report electronic ecological momentary assessment (eEMA) tool developed to assess and track behavior change in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs), and to examine its preliminary validity. Ten parents of children (ages of 5–17 years) with IDDs (n = 7 with fragile X syndrome; n = 3 with Down syndrome) rated their child’s behavior (aggression and irritability, avoidant and fearful behavior, restricted and repetitive behavior and interests, and social initiation) using iBehavior once daily for 14 days. At the conclusion of the 14-day observation period, parents completed traditional rating scales as validation measures, as well as a user feedback survey. Parent ratings using iBehavior showed emerging evidence of convergent validity among domains with traditional rating scales including the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function 2 (BRIEF-2), Aberrant Behavior Checklist – Community (ABC-C), and Conners 3. iBehavior was feasible in our sample, and parent feedback indicated high overall satisfaction. Results of the present pilot study indicate successful implementation and preliminary feasibility and validity of an eEMA tool for use as a behavioral outcome measure in IDDs.
Relationship between Perceived Social Support and Health Behavior in Stroke Patients: the Mediating Role of Recurrence Risk Perception
Authors: Wang Xiaoxuan , Zhang Zhenxiang , Lin Beilei , Mei Yongxia , Wang Wenna , Zhang Chunhui , Zhang Qiushi , Chen Suyan
Published: April 2023

Background Health behavior is a crucial tool for secondary stroke prevention. However, stroke patients have low health behavior. Understanding the factors associated with health behavior influence them is essential to improve their health behavior.Objectives To explore the association between perceived social support and health behavior among stroke patients and the mediating role of recurrence risk perception in this relationship.Methods 254 stroke patients were investigated from June 2021 to August 2021. Demographics, recurrence risk perception of stroke scale, perceived social support scale (PSSS), and health behavior scale for stroke patients (HBS-SP) were used. Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between the three variables. The PROCESS macro was used to conduct the mediation analysis. The study was compliant with the STROBE checklist.Results The valid questionnaires were 250 (effective response rate: 98.4%). High recurrence risk perception and high perceived social support were associated with better health behavior (all P < 0.001). Recurrence risk perception mediated the relationship between perceived social support and health behavior. The mediating effect was 18.55% of the total effect (0.137/0.737).Conclusion Perceived social support and recurrence risk perception are promoters of health behavior. Furthermore, the effect of perceived social support on health behavior was partly mediated by recurrence risk perception. Thus, to facilitate long-lasting health behavior, it is vital to provide social support or knowledge of recurrence risk for stroke patients.Practice implications: Healthcare workers and family members can help stroke patients build confidence in the recovery, establish the accurate perception of recurrence risk and improve their health behavior by providing them with multifaceted social support.
Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of five hard ticks and phylogenetic implications
Authors: cao meiling , Nie Yu , Fu Yi-Tian , Li Rong , Yi Xi-Long , Xiong Jun , Liu Guo-Hua
Published: April 2023

Ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites of great medical and veterinary significance that can transmit bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses, and cause a variety of human and animal diseases worldwide. In the present study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of five hard tick species and analyzed features of their gene contents and genome organizations. The complete mt genomes of Haemaphysalis verticalis, Haemaphysalis flava, Haemaphysalis longicornis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Hyalomma asiaticum were 14,855 bp, 14,689 bp, 14,693 bp, 14,715 bp and 14,722 bp in size, respectively. Their gene content and arrangement are the same as those of most species of metastriate Ixodida, but distinct from species of genus Ixodes. Phylogenetic analyses using concatenated amino acid sequences of 13 protein-coding genes with two different computational algorithms (Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood) revealed the monophylies of the genera Rhipicephalus, Ixodes and Amblyomma, however, rejected the monophylies of the genus Haemaphysalis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the Haemaphysalis verticalis mt genome. These datasets provide useful mtDNA markers for further studies of the identification and classification of hard ticks.
Medium-chain fatty acids affect the expression of metabolic and inflammatory genes in macrophages: mediation by PPAR β/δ
Authors: Gaete Paula V. , Nieves-Barreto Luz D. , Guatibonza-García Valentina , Losada-Barragán Mónica , Vargas-Sánchez Karina , Mendivil Carlos O.
Published: April 2023

There is great interest on medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) for cardiovascular health. We explored the effects of MCFA on the expression of lipid metabolism and inflammatory genes in macrophages, and the extent to which they were mediated by the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARβ/δ). J774A.1 murine macrophages were exposed to octanoate or decanoate as MCFA, a long-chain fatty acid control (palmitate), or the PPAR β/δ agonist GW501516, with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, and with or without an siRNA-induced knockdown of PPAR β/δ. MCFA increased expression of Plin2, encoding a lipid-droplet associated protein with anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages, in a partially PPAR β/δ-dependent manner. Both MCFA stimulated expression of the cholesterol efflux pump ABCA1, more pronouncedly under LPS stimulation and in the absence of PPAR β/δ. Octanoate stimulated the expression of Pltp, encoding a phospholipid transfer protein that aids ABCA1 in cellular lipid efflux. Only palmitate increased expression of the proinflammatory genes Il6, Tnf, Nos2 and Mmp9. Non-stimulated macrophages exposed to MCFA showed less internalization of fluorescently labeled lipoproteins. MCFA influenced the transcriptional responses of macrophages favoring cholesterol efflux and a less inflammatory response compared to palmitate. These effects were partially mediated by PPAR β/δ.
Enhancing group decision-making for emergency medical supplies supplier selection using T-spherical fuzzy information: An interaction and feedback mechanism-based approach
Authors: Gurmani Shahid Hussain , Zhang Zhao , Malik Adnan , Zulqarnain Rana Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Selecting a supplier for emergency medical supplies during disasters can be considered as a typical multiple attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem. MAGDM is an intriguing common problem that is rife with ambiguity and uncertainty. It becomes much more challenging when governments and medical care enterprises adjust their priorities in response to the escalating problems and the effectiveness of the actions taken in different countries. As decision-making problems become increasingly complicated nowadays, a growing number of decision-makers are likely to use T-spherical fuzzy sets (T-SFSs) rather than exact numbers. T-SFS is a novel extension of fuzzy sets that can fully convey ambiguous and complicated information in MAGDM. This paper proposes a MAGDM methodology based on interaction and feedback mechanism (IFM) and T-SFS theory. In it, we first introduce T-SF partitioned Bonferroni mean and T-SF weighted partitioned Bonferroni mean operators to fuse the evaluation information provided by experts. Then, an IFM is designed to achieve a consensus between multiple experts. In the meantime, we also find the weights of experts by using T-SF information. Furthermore, in light of the combination of IFM and T-SFWPBM operator, an MAGDM algorithm is designed. Finally, to demonstrate the viability of the suggested approach, an example of supplier selection for emergency medical supplies is provided. The influence of parameters on decision results and further comparative analysis confirmed the reliability and accuracy of the suggested approach.
Predawn leaf water potential of grapevines is not necessarily a good proxy for soil moisture
Authors: Groenveld Thomas , Obiero Charles , Yu Yingxue , Flury Markus , Keller Markus
Published: April 2023

Background In plant water relations research, predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd) is often used as a proxy for soil water potential (Ψsoil), without testing the underlying assumptions that nighttime transpiration is negligible and that enough time has passed for a hydrostatic equilibrium to be established. The goal of this research was to test the assumption that Ψpd = Ψsoil for field-grown grapevines.Results A field trial was conducted with 30 different varieties of wine grapes grown in a single vineyard in arid southeastern Washington, USA, for two years. The Ψpd and the volumetric soil water content (θv) under each sampled plant were measured multiple times during several dry-down cycles. The results show that in wet soil (θv > 0.146 m3 m− 3), Ψpd was significantly lower than Ψsoil for all 30 varieties. Under drought conditions (θv < 0.105 m3 m− 3) Ψpd lined up better with Ψsoil. There were differences between varieties, but these were not consistent over the years.Conclusion These results suggest that for wet soils Ψpd of grapevines cannot be used as a proxy for Ψsoil, while the Ψpd = Ψsoil assumption holds for dry soils.
Genome-wide analysis of SPL/miR156 module and their expression analysis in vegetative and reproductive organs of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis)
Authors: Zhou Lixia , Yarra Rajesh
Published: April 2023

Background:
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq.) is an important oil-yielding plant, cultivated as source of oil. SPL (SQUAMOSA-promoter binding protein-like) gene family is one of the largest plant transcription factors and known to involve in the regulation of plant growth, development and stress responses. The genome-wide analysis of SPL gene members in diverse range of crops has been elucidated. However, none of the genome-wide studies on SPL gene family has been carried out in oil palm.
Results
In this research, a total of 24 EgSPL genes were identified via genome wide approach. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that most of the EgSPLs are closely related to the Arabidopsis and Rice SPL gene members. EgSPL genes were mapped onto the only 9 chromosomes of oil palm genome. Motif analysis revealed conservation of SBP domain and the occurrence of 1-10 motifs in EgSPLgene members. Gene duplication analysis demonstrated the tandem duplication of SPLmembers in oil palm genome. Heatmap analysis indicated the significant expression of SPL genes in shoot and flower organs of oil palm plants. Among the identified EgSPL genes, a total 14 EgSPLs were shown to be targets of miR156. Real time PCR analysis of 14 SPL genes showed that the most of the EgSPL were highly expressed in female and male inflorescences of oil palm plants than vegetative tissues. Altogether, present study revealed the significant role of EgSPL genes in inflorescence development.
Conclusions
A total of 24 EgSPLs were identified and analyzed 14 EgSPLs (containing miR156 sites) genes expression in vegetative and reproductive tissues of oil palm. Moreover, detailed information on SPL gene structure, their miR156 target sites, motif composition, chromosomal location and phylogenetic analysis was also reported. Furthermore, the unique expression of EgSPLs (containing miR156 sites) in oil palm inflorescences was also revealed via qPCR analysis, predicting their putative role in male and female inflorescence development of oil palm.
AiKPro: Deep Learning Model for Kinome-Wide Bioactivity Profiling Using Structure-based Sequence Alignments and Molecular 3D Conformer Ensemble Descriptors
Authors: Park Hyejin , Hong Sujeong , Lee Myeonghun , Kang Sungil , Brahma Rahul , Cho Kwang-Hwi , Shin Jae-Min
Published: April 2023

The discovery of selective and potent kinase inhibitors is crucial for the treatment of various diseases, but the process is challenging due to the high structural similarity among kinases. Efficient kinome-wide bioactivity profiling is essential for understanding kinase function and identifying selective inhibitors. In this study, we propose AiKPro, a deep learning model that combines structure-validated multiple sequence alignments (svMSA) and molecular 3D conformer ensemble descriptors (3CED) to predict kinase-ligand binding affinities. Our deep learning model uses an attention-based mechanism to capture complex patterns in the interactions between the kinase and the ligand. To assess the performance of AiKPro, we evaluated the impact of descriptors, the predictability for untrained kinases and compounds, and kinase activity profiling based on odd ratios. Our model, AiKPro, shows good Pearson's correlation coefficients of 0.88 and 0.87 for the test set and for the untrained sets of compounds, respectively, which also shows the robustness of the model. AiKPro shows good kinase-activity profiles across the kinome, potentially facilitating the discovery of novel interactions and selective inhibitors. Our approach holds potential implications for the discovery of novel, selective kinase inhibitors and guiding rational drug design.
Robust immunogenic potential of N and C-terminal deleted variant of dengue virus NS1 protein (dNS1)
Authors: Nasar Sitara , Saleem Rida , Iftikhar Saima
Published: April 2023

NS1 is an elusive dengue protein which assists in viral replication, assembly, pathogenesis, and immune evasion. It is secreted in blood plasma, where its levels are positively related to disease severity. It interacts with immune receptors and endothelial cells and triggers the production of inflammatory cytokines leading to severe clinical implications like thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage, and vascular leakage. Despite its pathogenic roles, NS1 is being used in various vaccine formulations due to its sequence conservancy among flaviviruses, ability to produce protective antibodies, and low risk for inducing antibody-dependent enhancement. The pathogenic effects of NS1-based therapies can be overcome by introducing careful modifications in the NS1 protein. In this study, we have utilized ­bioinformatics tools and reported literature to remove the pathogenic sequences from NS1, and developed an NS1 variant (dNS1). Molecular docking studies are performed to compare the receptor-binding ability of the NS1 and dNS1 with TLR4. The comparative analysis of immunogenic potential between NS1 and dNS1 by ELISA and western blotting have revealed that antibody titers of dNS1 in rabbits are three times greater than that of NS1. The results of this study endorse the use of dNS1 as a substitute for NS1 in future vaccine formulations to achieve a safer and more effective dengue therapy.
A novel in-situ tool wear monitoring approach using multivariate signal processing and intrinsic multiscale entropy analysis
Authors: Yang Xu , Yuan Rui , Lv Yong , Shi Shiyuan , Li Si , Li Yongjian
Published: April 2023

Tool wear significantly affects the interface condition between the machining tool and the workpiece, causing nonlinear vibrations that negatively impact machining quality. The vibration on the axes of X, Y and Z are both generated during machining process, and multivariate vibration signals collected by triaxial accelerometers contain dynamical information of tool wear accurately and comprehensively. This paper proposes a novel in-situ tool wear monitoring approach using multivariate signal processing and intrinsic multiscale entropy analysis. Multivariate variational mode decomposition (MVMD) is firstly used to process multivariate vibration signals. The multivariate band-limited intrinsic mode functions (BLIMFs) contain nonlinear and nonstationary wear characteristics of multivariate vibration signals. Afterwards, the refined composite multiscale dispersion entropy (RCMDE) is employed to measure the complexity and regularity of multivariate BLIMFs quantitatively. Finally, the feature matrices composed of entropy values on multiple scale of multivariate BLIMFs are adopted as the input of CNN to achieve accurate tool wear monitoring. The results show the proposed approach is promising for tool wear monitoring.
Banded Preconditioning with Shift Compensation for Solving Discrete Riesz Space-Fractional Diffusion Equations
Authors: Li Shu-Jiao , Lu Kang-Ya , Miao Cun-Qiang
Published: April 2023

Based on the finite-difference method, the considered Riesz space-fractional diffusion equations result in a series of linear systems, whose coefficient matrices are composed of the identity matrix and the product of diagonal matrix and Toeplitz matrix. With the aid of the Toeplitz structure contained in the discrete linear system, a class of banded preconditioner with shift compensation (BSC preconditioner) is designed to improve the convergence rates of the Krylov subspace iteration methods. The BSC preconditioner can be viewed as a modification of the banded preconditioner with diagonal compensation (BDC preconditioner) proposed by F.-R. Lin, Y.-J. Wang and X.-Q. Jin (F.-R. Lin, S.-W. Yang and X.-Q. Jin, J. Comput. Phys., 256(2014), 109-117), but unlike the BDC preconditioner, it retains the same Toeplitz-like structure as the coefficient matrix of the discrete linear system. Although the theoretical result on the eigenvalues of the BDC-preconditioned matrix has not been given so far, the eigenvalue distributions of the BSC-preconditioned matrix and the BDC-preconditioned matrix can be demonstrated simultaneously by using the structure of the BSC preconditioner. In addition, theoretical analysis shows that the eigenvalues of the BSC-preconditioned matrix are real and located in a fixed positive interval, while the eigenvalues of the BDC-preconditioned matrix are clustered around those of the BSC-preconditioned matrix, which indicates that the BSC preconditioner is as effective as the BDC preconditioner. Numerical experiments reveal that both the BSC preconditioner and BDC preconditioner can significantly accelerate the convergence rates of the Krylov subspace iteration methods, and show h-independent convergence behavior.
On asymptotıc behavior of random walk process with two barriers arising in buffer stock problem
Authors: KHANIYEV Tahir , Hanalioglu Zulfiye , Jafarova Hilala
Published: April 2023

In this study, a random walk process (𝑋(𝑡)) with two barriers at 0 and 𝛽>0 levels and triangular distributed interference of chance, arising in buffer stock problem, is investigated. Under certain conditions, the process 𝑋(𝑡) is to be ergodic, and the exact formula is obtained for the characteristic function of the ergodic distribution of the process 𝑋(𝑡). Then, characteristic function of the ergodic distribution of this process is expressed by the characteristics of the boundary functionals 𝑁(𝑧) and 𝑆𝑁(𝑧). Here, 𝑁(𝑧) is the first exit time of random walk {𝑆𝑛 },𝑛≥1, from the interval (−𝑧,𝛽−𝑧),𝑧∈(0,𝛽) and 𝑆𝑁(𝑧)=Σ𝑁(𝑧)𝑖=1 𝜂𝑖. Moreover, using the obtained results, the limit form of the characteristic function of the ergodic distribution of the standardized process 𝑊𝛽(𝑡)≡(𝑋(𝑡)−𝛽2)⁄𝛽2 is found , when 𝛽→∞. Afterwards, asymptotic results are obtained for all moments of the ergodic distributions of the processes 𝑊𝛽(𝑡) and 𝑋(𝑡). Finally, the asymptotic expansions for expected value, variance, standard derivation, skewness and kurtosis coefficients of the processes 𝑊𝛽(𝑡) and 𝑋(𝑡) are obtained, when 𝛽→∞.
Al-Ca-Zn Trimetallic Compound Supported on Tobacco Residue: A Sustainable Alternative for the Removal of Fluoride Ions from Water Supply
Authors: Somavilla Ezequiel A. , de Paula Nátalie , Jahn Sérgio Luiz , Dotto Guilherme Luiz , Carissimi Elvis
Published: April 2023

The presence of fluoride ions in groundwater used for public supply may expose a large portion of the world population to the deterioration of teeth and bones, among other health issues. Within this context, the agricultural activities related to tobacco imply the use of large amounts of phosphate fertilizers, endowed with large residual amounts of fluoride. Thus, fertilizers application combined with rain and irrigation of tobacco crops contributes to high fluoride levels in groundwater. In this study, a residue from the tobacco production chain, the tobacco stem, was used as a support medium for the synthesis of an Al-Ca-Zn trimetallic compound, being named Al-Ca-Zn-tab. Thereby, an alternative adsorbent based on the recycling of an agricultural residue is presented. The impregnation and pyrolysis at 500°C of the material were the main steps adopted in the synthesis of Al-Ca-Zn-tab. The Response Surface analysis showed a positive and increasing effect of the adsorbent concentration. The pH, however, did not affect the adsorption. The efficiencies of fluoride removal were up to 71.7%, with actual accumulations up to 2.78 mg g-1, and maximum accumulations of 13.59 mg g-1. The fluoride adsorption on Al-Ca-Zn-tab followed the Freundlich isotherm and the general order kinetic model. In addition, the thermodynamic data suggested the predominance of physisorption phenomena with exothermic characteristics. Finally, the proposed adsorption mechanism is based on ion exchange of the surface hydroxyl groupings of the oxides and hydroxides, in addition to hydrostatic interactions due to the bi and trivalent cations.
The Effect of Conscientious Intelligence on Human Values in Health Care
Authors: ARSLANOĞLU Ali , ÇENGEL Özgür , GEMLİK Nilay , TAŞDELEN Kübra , MADEN Özgür
Published: April 2023

Background:Conscientious intelligence is defined as listening to one's inner voice and having internal and external responsibilities, having a sense of social responsibility instead of thinking only of his own interests, as well as considering the ethical values, principles and honesty, being able to make an assertion and doing this without inflating the ego. Human values add value and respect to life. They reproduce the beautiful aspects of life such as honesty, tolerance, goodness and compassion. To determine the effect of conscientious intelligence on human values ​​in the field of health.
Method:The questionnaire method was used in the study. A questionnaire constructed with scales whose validity and reliability were previously conducted was used. The research was conducted with 267 individuals working in private hospitals in Kocaeli parodince. Permission was obtained from the ethics committee of the University of Health Sciences for the research.
Results:Most of the participants are women (84.3%), nurses/midwives (42.7%) and 25-36 years old (40.4%). The total Cronbach's alpha value of the scale is 0.907. It was found in the study that conscientious intelligence affects the variable of human values.
Conclusion: As a result of the findings, conscientious intelligence is thought to have an impact on human values.
Effect of on-site first aid for industrial accidents on healthcare utilization after primary medical care: A 4-year longitudinal study
Authors: Kim Jinhyun , Kim Hyunkyu , Park Eun-Cheol , Jang Sung-In
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The number of industrially injured workers (IIW) is increasing in Korea. However, little research has been conducted on whether first aid is properly performed at industrial sites or on the association between first aid for industrial accidents and the prognosis of IIW, including healthcare utilization.Methods: A total of 3,092 participants (2,562 males and 530 females) were analyzed during the 4-year study period, which contributed to 11,167 observations. Healthcare utilization was evaluated based on the number of outpatient visits, hospitalizations, and duration of hospitalization. Several time-varying socioeconomic characteristics and information about the injury were adjusted, and transfer time to the emergency room was also considered.Results: During 4-year after the termination of primary medical care, participants who had not receive first aid visited outpatient clinics 15.243 times per year, and those who had visited 13.928 times per year, which is 16.16% less (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 0.838, 95% CI = 0.740–0.950). Participants who had received on-site first aid with less than a 0.5-hour transfer time to the emergency room visited outpatient clinics 14.87% less per year than those who had not received first aid (aRR: 0.851, 95% CI = 0.750–0.966).Conclusion: To reduce the long-term outpatient utilization rate for IIW after primary medical care, on-site first aid must be provided in a timely manner. Employee education and first aid training are also necessary.
Quantifying Photodiode nonlinear characteristic induced by optical power and Voltage
Authors: Ye JiHong , Huang YongQing , Wang ZiCheng , Jiang Chen , Du JiaWei
Published: April 2023

A new mathematical model, optical-power-dependent model R(P), is proposed by investigating the nonlinearity of modified uni-traveling carrier photodiodes (MUTC-PD). Benefiting from this model, the harmonic power and output 3rd order intercept point (OIP3) of a photodiode can be calculated. Considering a bias voltage shift of the photodiode caused by a large voltage swing effect, the R(P) mathematical model is expanded into a voltage-related one, which is the optical-power-and-voltage-dependent model, R(P,V). The calculate results of both mathematical models are completely in accord with simulation results.
Foraging fidelity and individual specialization in a temperate bat Myotis Nattereri
Authors: Mordue Simone , Mill Aileen , Shirley Mark , Aegerter James
Published: April 2023

This study explores whether Natterer's bats exhibit fidelity to their foraging sites and individual specialization in their use of habitat types. The research tracked 34 individual bats in two different landscapes, with some bats tracked twice over varying time intervals. The study found that Natterer's bats show consistency in their fidelity to foraging sites across different landscapes and intervals between observations. The bats repeatedly exploited specific foraging areas, and some showed individual specialization in their habitat use. The study also found considerable variation in individual behaviour. The research suggests that a single full night of radio-tracking data can serve as a useful proxy for longer periods and contribute to more robust descriptions of resource requirements by Natterer's bats in their breeding seasons. This study emphasizes the importance of maximizing the number of individuals from which movement data is obtained to inform conservation and management of temperate bats, while ensuring that the data represent a meaningful measure of behaviour. The results also suggest that protecting a mosaic of habitats rather than a single habitat may be important for Natterer's bats, given their individual specialization in habitat use.
Efficient and convenient integration by parts method ‘fixed UV, top derivative and bottom product’
Authors: Deng Shixiong Deng , Su Laidi
Published: April 2023

lntegration by parts is an important part of indefinite integral. Mastering the operation skills and methods of integration by parts is the requirement of learning indefinite integral. Indefinite integral solution methods are various, and the traditional integral by parts method in the face of some complex problems is often very tedious, but also particularly easy to error and leakage, so I create an efficient and convenient integral by parts method, so an to improve students’ ability to analyze and solve problems.
Muscle glycogen metabolism is rapidly dysregulated in critical illness and associates with ICU acquired weakness
Authors: Jameson Tom S. O. , Wall Benjamin T. , Urban Tomáš , Krajčová Adéla , Bakalář Bob , Fric Michal , Jiroutková Kateřina , Džupa Valér , Gojda Jan , Porter Craig , Miznerová Barbora , Duška František , Stephens Francis B.
Published: April 2023

The association of perturbed skeletal muscle metabolism with ICU acquired weakness (ICUAW) is not clear. We characterised temporal changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function, ATP concentration, and substrate utilisation during and up to 6 months post ICU admission in critically ill patients enrolled into a randomised controlled trial of functional electrical stimulation-assisted cycle ergometry (FESCE) vs. standard care. To delineate mechanisms underpinning ICUAW we also compared the expression of genes involved in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and substrate utilisation in the critically ill patients to control groups that had either undergone elective surgery or leg immobilisation (i.e. muscle disuse). The main finding was that mitochondrial function did not change 7 days or 6 months after ICU admission and was not impacted by FESCE. However, a 20% reduction in muscle ATP content by day 7 of ICU stay persisted after 6 months and was associated with ICUAW. Moreover, a 40% lower muscle glycogen and 2.5-fold greater muscle lactate were observed earlier at day 1 compared to elective surgery patients. These changes reflected expression of genes related to glycogen metabolism when disuse was accounted for, and of which a greater expression of the gene encoding glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM) was predictive of mortality. Muscle glycogen metabolism is rapidly dysregulated in critical illness and may contribute to ICUAW.
Improving Case Duration Accuracy of Orthopedic Surgery Using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) on Radiology Reports
Authors: Zhong William , Yao Phil Y. , Boppana Sri Harsha , Pacheco Fernanda V. , Alexander Brenton S. , Simpson Sierra , Gabriel Rodney A.
Published: April 2023

Purpose: A major source of inefficiency in the operating room is the mismatch between scheduled versus actual surgical time. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a proof-of-concept study for predicting case duration by applying natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning that interpret radiology reports for patients undergoing radius fracture repair.
Methods: Logistic regression, random forest, and artificial neural networks (ANN) were tested without NLP and with bag-of-words. Another NLP method tested used ANN and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers specifically pre-trained on clinical notes (ClinicalBERT). A total of 201 cases were included. The data were split into 70% training and 30% test sets. The average root mean squared error (RMSE) (and 95% confidence interval [CI]) from 10-fold cross-validation on the training set were used to develop each model. Models were then compared to a baseline model, which used historic averages to predict surgical time.
Results: The average RMSE was lowest using ANN with ClinicalBERT (25.6 minutes, 95% CI: 21.5 - 29.7), which was significantly (P<0.001) lower than the baseline model (39.3 minutes, 95% CI: 30.9 - 47.7). Using the ANN and ClinicalBERT on the test set, the percentage of accurately predicted cases, which was defined by the actual surgical duration within 15% of the predicted surgical duration, increased from 26.8% to 58.9% (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This proof-of-concept study demonstrated the successful application of NLP and machine leaning to extract features from unstructured clinical data resulting in improved prediction accuracy for surgical case duration.
Impact of transient non-Darcian flow on subsurface solute transport in low- permeability media
Authors: Li Xu , Guo Qiang , Wang Yanzhen , Zhu Qi , Zuo Konghui
Published: April 2023

Solute transport in low-permeability geological formations such as clay is a complex and ubiquitous phenomenon. Traditional solute transport models have been proved to be inadequate for describing the processes of solute transport in low-permeability media due to transient non-Darcian flow. In this study, we developed a numerical model with non-Darcian flow, aquifer storage effect and temporally exponential hydraulic head to investigate the features of solute transport. The impacts of different parameters of the threshold pressure gradient, the specific storage and time-dependent hydraulic head on breakthrough curves (BTCs) were thoroughly analyzed. New insights indicate, firstly, for non-Darcian flow, a slight change of the threshold pressure gradient will lead to considerable change of BTCs, meaning that the impact of non-Darcian flow on solute transport in low-permeability media should not be ignored; secondly, aquifer storage effect leads to a large flow velocity near flow inlet; thirdly, a larger power index β means that hydraulic head increases faster, also resulting in faster solute transport; finally, the sensitivity analysis shows that the threshold pressure gradient plays a crucial role in solute transport of low-permeability porous. In general, the effects of transient non-Darcian flow are not negligible for describing the solute transport process in low-permeability media.
Association between COVID-19 and incidence of CVD and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes
Authors: Jung Hee Sun , Choi Jae Woo
Published: April 2023

BackgroundAlthough the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is higher in patients who are diagnosed with diabetes than in those who are not, research on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in COVID-19 infected patients diagnosed with diabetes compared to those who are not infected by COVID-19 is lacking. This study aimed to examine the association between COVID-19, incidence of CVD, and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes.MethodsThis study used data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment, and included 16,779 patients with COVID-19 and 16,779 matched controls between January 2017 and June 2021. The outcomes included cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease, stroke, and all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate these associations.ResultsPatients with diabetes hospitalised because of COVID-19 had a significantly increased risk of CVD (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.97, 2.27) than those without COVID-19. The risks of coronary heart disease (AHR, 2.00; 95% CI: 1.85, 2.17) and stroke (AHR, 2.21; 95% CI: 1.90, 2.57) were higher in the intervention group than in the control group. In the case of all-cause mortality for middle-aged adults, we observed a higher risk in diabetes patients hospitalised due to COVID-19 than in patients without COVID-19 (AHR, 1.37; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.59).ConclusionsThis study showed that patients with diabetes hospitalised due to COVID-19 had an increased risk of CVD, coronary heart disease, stroke incidence, and mortality than those who were not COVID-19 infected, suggesting more careful prevention and management among patients with COVID-19.Trial registration:Institutional Review Board of Health Insurance Review and Assessment (2023-018-001).
Migration-related inequalities in loneliness across age groups: A cross-national comparative study in Europe
Authors: Delaruelle Katrijn
Published: April 2023

This study aims to contribute to the growing interest in the consequences of migration for loneliness by investigating the role of generational status across various age groups in countries with differing integration policies and attitudes towards immigrants, Using data from rounds 5, 6 and 7 of the European Social Survey, I conducted logistic multilevel models on a sample of 121,835 respondents aged 18 years and older, residing in 26 countries. Loneliness was assessed based on a single-item item question from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression scale. The findings suggest that individuals with a migration background are more likely to experience loneliness than those without. Within this group, I found that first-generation immigrants who arrived after the age of 18 are more vulnerable to loneliness than those who arrived earlier, although the latter still reported more loneliness than second-generation immigrants. Furthermore, migration-related inequalities in loneliness were greater among the youngest age group (18–34 years) and in countries with a more positive public stance towards immigrants. In sum, this study highlights the persistent challenges that migration poses for loneliness across generations and age groups, and emphasizes the need to extend research in this area beyond older adults. Moreover, it suggests that promoting a welcoming culture towards immigrants may have unintended consequences for loneliness gaps.
Sex Difference in the Prevalence and Associations among Hyperuricemia Adults in Rural Thailand: a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Suwanchatchai Chawin , Khuancharee Kitsarawut , Tanunyutthawongse Chantra , Wannaiampikul Sivaporn , Haetanurak Photsathorn
Published: April 2023

Background Hyperuricemia (HUA) is not only an important risk factor for gout but is also linked to hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Although the prevalence of HUA is increasing, epidemiologic studies on HUA in the middle-aged and elderly populations are limited. The present study aimed to calculate the prevalence and evaluate the sex-related associations between metabolic parameters and HUA among middle-aged and elderly adults.Methods In a population-based cross-sectional study, we enrolled a total of 780 participants (men = 232 and women = 548) aged 40 years and over for health check-ups and examination surveys. The age-standardized prevalence of hyperuricemia was calculated by the direct method. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the potential associated factors with HUA.Results The prevalence of HUA was 30.9% (42% in men vs. 20% in women). The elderly adults were associated with a 35% increase in the prevalence of HUA. Obesity was found to be strongly associated with an increased prevalence of HUA in both sexes. Hypertriglyceridemia (51% increase in men vs. 23% increase in women), and high fasting glucose (90% increase in men vs. 49% increase in women) were also associated risk factors for HUA in both sexes. However, low high-density lipoprotein was only associated with a 67% increase in the prevalence of HUA in women.Conclusion The age-standardized prevalence of HUA among women is relatively lower than in men. This study also revealed that obesity is strongly associated with HUA in both men and women populations.
Host phylogeny and environment shape the diversity of the salamander skin microbiome
Authors: Ramírez-Barahona Santiago , González-Serrano Francisco , Martínez-Ugalde Emanuel , Soto-Pozos Angel , Parra-Olea Gabriela , Rebollar Eria
Published: April 2023

The composition and diversity of animal-associated microbial communities are shaped by multiple ecological and evolutionary processes acting at different spatial and temporal scales. Skin microbiomes are thought to be strongly influenced by the environment due to the direct interaction of the host’s skin with the external media. As expected, the diversity of amphibian skin microbiomes is shaped by climate and host habitats, whereas phylogenetic effects appear to be weak. However, the relative strength of phylogenetic and environmental effects on amphibian skin microbiomes remains poorly understood. Here, we analysed sequence data from 1,091 adult salamanders in 41 species to characterise and compare the diversity and composition of skin bacteria. We assessed the relative contribution of climate, host habitat, and host phylogeny to the observed patterns of bacterial diversity. We found that microbial alpha was mainly associated with host habitat and climate, but that microbial beta diversity was more strongly associated with host taxonomy and phylogeny. This phylogeny effect predominantly occurred at intermediate levels of host divergence (0–50 Mya). Our results support the importance of environmental factors shaping the diversity of amphibian skin microbiomes, but also support host phylogenetic history as a major factor shaping these microbial communities.
Success rate of primary percutaneousballoon angioplasty in children withPulmonary Stenosis and Noonansyndrome
Authors: Rubbens Lukas , Muiño-Mosquera Laura , Panzer Joseph , De Wolf Daniel , De Wilde Hans , De Groote Katya , Meerschaut Ilse , De Wals Wendy , Bruyndonckx Luc , Vandekerckhove Kristof , Zaqout Mahmoud
Published: April 2023

Background and aim:
Noonan syndrome (NS) is associated with different types of heart defects of which a supravalvular pulmonary stenosis ((SV)PS) is the most frequent. Possible treatment options are percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BVP) or surgical intervention. Anatomical location of the PS may help predict BVP failure. We aimed to identify factors predicting treatment outcome and reintervention rate of BVP in PS, in children with NS.
Methods:
Medical records of children with a diagnosis of NS and in follow-up at Antwerp- and Ghent University Hospitals from 2000 to 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.
Results:
32 children were identified with a SVPS, either isolated or in combination with other heart defects. 69% of children with PS had SVPS. The prevalence of PS and SVPS was similar for all genes. An isolated SVPS was identified as a risk factor for intervention.
An intervention was necessary in 17/32 patients (53%). All but 2 children with pulmonary valve stenosis had SVPS. Only 2 of 17 patients had primary surgical repair. The remaining 15 (13 with SVPS) underwent BVP, of which 10 (67%) needed a second intervention, but all of them ultimately needed surgical repair. The global success rate of BVP was (31,1%).
Conclusion:
SVPS is the most frequent heart defect in children with NS. The prevalence of SVPS was similar for all genes. Isolated SVPS is a risk factor for intervention. The success rate of BVP in patients with NS is low. BVP might still be useful in selected cases and might be considered to clarify the anatomical location of PS.