bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Problems and Perspectives of the International Tourism Development in the Post-Covid World
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Podlepina Polina O. , Kuchechuk Larysa V. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this article is to identify the features, problems and perspectives in the development of international tourism in the post-covid world. Analyzing the statistical and forecast data of relevant international organizations, as well as expert opinions of market practitioners, a significant dependence of the tourism system on exogenous factors of negative impact is revealed, and COVID-19 is viewed as the largest crisis in terms of consequences, because the highly globalized world itself contributes to the large-scale and rapid spread of the pandemic. For the purpose of comparative analysis of the periods of development of tourist activity in the world, the following indicators were analyzed: the dynamics of the growth rate of the world economy and world tourism; dynamics of development of sectors of the world economy with the separation of the place of tourism; regional dynamics of international tourist arrivals and revenues from international tourism; loss of jobs in the tourism industry by region of the world as result of the spread of COVID-19, reduced business activity and tourist mobility. All indicators show a significant reduction and there is a relationship with the overall economic and social environment of countries. As result of the study, the main vectors of public policy on countering the consequences of COVID-19 in the tourism sector are defined and attention is focused on the need for consolidated precise and timely actions at all management levels: local, national, and international. An algorithm for overcoming the crisis phenomena in the tourism business caused by the pandemic has been developed, which provides for a set of consistent measures aimed at managing and controlling the crisis, stabilizing the market situation and accelerating the revitalization of the industry, as well as developing a new paradigm for the functioning of world tourism in post- covid realities. Trend tendencies in the further development of international tourism activities are proposed, taking into account changes in consumer preferences, namely: digitalization, virtualization, shifting the vector to domestic tourism, staycation and workation, wellness tourism, deeper awareness of the need for further implementation of the principles of sustainable development, etc.
Specific Features of the Principles and Methods for Evaluating the Efficiency of Managerial Decisions at Industrial Enterprises of Ukraine
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kondratenko Nataliia O. , Novikova Maryna M. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Borovyk Maryna V. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Ternova Iryna A. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: September 2022

The article defines the specific features of the principles and methods for evaluating the efficiency of managerial decisions at industrial enterprises of Ukraine. It is noted that the improvement of the economic situation in Ukraine under martial law and hostilities on its territory today is possible only on the basis of the integrated use of principles and methods for assessing the efficiency of managerial decisions, the quality of which determines the viability of domestic industrial enterprises and the preservation of the national economy as a whole. It is noted that the efficiency and effectiveness of managerial decisions is determined by many factors of a technical, organizational, economic and socio-psychological nature, the impact of which is manifested at different stages of the process of developing and implementing solutions. The influence of external and internal factors on the activities of managers of industrial enterprises is defined. It is determined that industrial enterprises in order to adapt as effectively as possible to changes in the factors of the external and internal environment, should develop programs to evolve the potential of managers, its improvement, which include the effect of a complex, long-term and costly research along with the implementation programs. The implementation of these measures should be based on the use of formal and informal management methods based on processes of constant change and improvement. It is concluded that one of the important conditions for the quality and efficiency of managerial decision-making for industrial enterprises of Ukraine is the creation of a high-quality information base and the selection of highly qualified personnel in the field of management, since the level of education and experience of a modern manager is an important factor in the development of an economic entity. Regarding the evaluation of the efficiency of decision-making and the professional activities of manager, it is concluded that the industrial enterprises of Ukraine should develop programs for the development of the potential of managers, its enhancement and improvement, which in turn should consist of a set of long-term studies and operational training plans.
The Problems of Forming the Potential of Macroregions and Their Impact on the National Security
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Lola Yuliia Yu. , Mykhailenko Daria H. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Pavlovska Iryna G.
Published: September 2022

The article examines the problems of forming the potential of macroregions and their impact on the national security. The war, the global economic crisis, the existing complexities of society and the digitalization of production, as well as non-renewable natural resources in general, expose global security problems, political, economic, social, ecological problems of mankind. The accumulation of problems causes a radical change in people’s lives, a transformation of existing processes and management mechanisms at the level of the country, regions and economic entities. Under such conditions, the formation of the anti-crisis potential of regions for the development of society should be strategically focused on changing both social and economic paradigms, revising approaches to improving security at all levels and moving to Industry 4.0. In this regard, the structure, significance and priority of the components of the potential be changed. The present day conditions force scholars together with practitioners to reconsider the essence and content of the concept of «potential», as well as to consider in more detail the peculiarities of the formation of the development potential of regions during crises. It is defined that the potential of macroregion includes the total potential of all enterprises, as well as the potential of the following: households, local self-government bodies, natural and resource-based, infrastructure, investment, labor market. The potential of macroregions is an integral part of the country’s potential, which also includes: the potential of the public administration apparatus, the educational-scientific potential, integration potential, financial potential. It is determined that the potential of region is a complex phenomenon, the efficiency of which depends on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of its components, as well as on the efficiency of managing their development and combination. The existing potential of macroregions is a component of both regional and public administration. When forming the provisions of the national security of the country, it is necessary to take into account the possibilities of the potential of macroregions.
The Methodical Approach to the Selection of Directions of Spatial Development of Amalgamated Territorial Communities in the Context of Decentralization and Martial Law
Authors:   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Ivanov Yuriy B. , Ivanova Olga Yu. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The article is concerned with topical issues of spatial development of territorial communities of Ukraine in the context of decentralization, taking into account the uncertainty caused by martial law and the pandemic. The purpose of this article is to develop a methodical approach to substantiating the directions of spatial development of territorial communities based on the conception, principles, scientific methods, taking into account the criteria of their efficiency and factors of spatial development of territorial communities. To substantiate the directions of spatial development of territorial communities, a methodical approach is developed, which is based on a problem-oriented approach to substantiating the instrumentarium of spatial development of territorial communities and on a cognitive map of causal relationships of spatial development, a model of solutions to the problem of development of territorial communities, which takes into account development scenarios depending on the type of community. The criteria for the efficiency of spatial development of territorial communities can be the following: criteria for the potential of self-development of territorial communities (self-government, self-financing, self-organization); performance criteria – the results of the implementation of programs for the implementation of strategies for the development of territorial communities, development projects, etc. In order to ensure the vital functions of territorial communities under martial law and increase their ability to solve problems in the new realities, when substantiating the directions of spatial development of territories, the following should be taken into account: development of the potential of self-development of the territorial community; problem-oriented management of human resources of the community; organization of training for representatives of territorial communities on the implementation of mechanisms to support enterprises and internally displaced persons; formation of budgets of territorial communities during martial law and post-war status; preservation of the country’s intellectual potential in the post-war period; preservation of the country’s production potential, which will provide both the territorial communities with essential goods and the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine – with contemporary means of security and food products; financial support for community life; improvement of regulatory policy; ensuring economic and food security of territorial communities, etc.
Global Challenges and Prospects for the Structural Development of Ukraine’s Electric Energy Industry
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kyzym Mykola O. , Shpilevskiy Volodymyr V. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Zinchenko Volodymyr A. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Shpilevskyi Oleksii V. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: September 2022

One of the important problems of the economic development of Ukraine today is the low energy efficiency of social production with a high level of external energy dependence. The purpose of the study is to define modern global challenges, and, with account of them, to outline the prospects for the structural development of the electric energy industry in Ukraine. The current vision of the prospects for the energy development of the world economy is analyzed on the basis of the results of foresight forecasts, accomplished by the leading international institutions and energy companies. The content of the global energy transition and its main directions in the electric energy sector is analyzed. It is determined that along with the paradigm of the global energy transition, considerable attention is paid to the development of environmentally friendly generation methods, which primarily include electric energy generation based on renewable energy sources (RES). The aggregate of power generation technologies is divided into two types according to two common features of resources: 1 – power generation technologies, which are based on the process of converting organic and nuclear fuel into electric energy; 2 – power generation technologies, which are based on the processes of converting energy of inexhaustible and renewable energy sources (except biological) into electric energy. A methodology for calculating and comparing the resource characteristics of power generation technologies is developed; resource intensity is computed; the costs of electric energy production using power generation technologies are provided; a comparative comprehensive (technical-economic) assessment of the efficiency of technologies based on the use of the matrix method is presented. Based on the carried out analysis, an overall rating of the efficiency of power generation technologies is compiled. Technologies expedient for use in Ukraine have been identified. It is proved that the priority measures for the structural-technological modernization of the energy complex of Ukraine should be the implementation of development directions consistent with the provisions of the paradigm of the global energy transition, namely: the creation of a new generation power grid management system (smart grids); development of distributed energy.
Taro (Colosia esculenta) Leaves Extract Inhibits Streptococcus mutans ATCC 31987
Authors: Haerussana Ayu Nala El Muna , Ayuhastuti Angreni , Yuniar Siti Fira , Bustami Hana Alifah , Widyastiwi Widyastiwi
Published: September 2022

Dental caries was the most common disease in both adults and children. Streptococcus mutans is the main bacteria causing plaque formation and was the initiator of dental caries. Antibacterials derived from plants can be used to prevent plaque formation. Taro (Colosia esculenta) has been used in traditional medicine. Antibacterial compounds have been discovered in C. esculenta leaves. This study aimed to determine the ability of C. esculenta leaf ethanol extract to inhibit the growth of S. mutans ATCC 31987. Simplicia preparation, extract preparation, and phytochemical screening was carried out. Then, the antibacterial activity test was performed using the disc diffusion method to determine the zone of inhibition at various concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70%. Colosia esculenta leaf ethanol extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins, and produces an inhibition zone at each concentration variation. Very strong antibacterial activity was produced at a concentration of 70% at 21.11±0.46 mm, which was higher than the positive control.
Anti-inflammatory and Immunostimulant Therapy with Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus plantarum in COVID-19: A Literature Review
Authors: Noviardi Harry , Iswantini Dyah , Mulijani Sri , Wahyudi Setyanto Tri , Khusniati Tatik
Published: September 2022

Inflammatory diseases are diseases characterized by inflammatory symptoms. Acute inflammatory disease can cause dysregulation of the inflammatory immune response, thereby inhibiting the development of protective immunity against infection. Among the acute inflammatory disease is COVID-19. The initial viral infection causes the antigen-presenting cells to detect the virus through a phagocytosis mechanism in the form of macrophage and dendritic cells. Lactobacillus fermentum and L. plantarum are gram-positive bacteria potentially serving as immunomodulators caused by inflammation and immune system response. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced by Lactobacillus can induce immune response through tolerogenic dendritic cells. This probiotic bacterium can induce the production of different cytokines or chemokines. Following the results of in vitro and in vivo tests, L. fermentum and L. plantarum can induce IL-10 release to activate regulatory T-cell and inhibit tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) binding activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Literature review showed that dysregulation of inflammatory immune response disorders due to inflammatory disease could be treated using probiotic bacteria L. fermentum and L. plantarum. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further studies on the potential of indigenous Indonesian strains of these two bacteria as anti-inflammatory and immunostimulants.
Pengaruh Teknik Slow Deep Breathing terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri pada Pasien Post Sectio Caesarea di Ruang Cempaka RSUD Dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya
Authors: Delyka Merry , Carolina Meilitha , Evie Evie
Published: September 2022

Background: Post-cesarean section women experience pain due to operative trauma. Pain sensation can be reduced by pain management. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments can be used. The slow deep breathing technique is a non-pharmacological method suitable for reducing pain. But, they were always treated with analgesic medication and never did self-exercises such as slow deep breathing exercises to reduce the pain. Objective: To determine the effect of the slow deep breathing technique to reduce pain intensity in women after cesarean section in Cempaka Ward RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya. Method: Pre-Experimental research with one-group pre-test-post test design. The sampling technique is purposive, with 32 respondents based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection instrument uses a checklist, and data analysis uses the Wilcoxon test (p=0.05). Result: The result of the Wilcoxon statistic test is Sig. (2-tailed) 0.00 less than p=0.05, so H1 is accepted, which means there is the effect of a slow deep breathing technique to reduce pain intensity in women post-cesarean section. Conclusion: There is the effect of a slow deep breathing technique to reduce pain intensity in women post-cesarean section in Cempaka Ward RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya. Nurses or midwives must teach or even apply slow, deep breathing techniques to post-sectio caesaria women.
Hubungan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita
Authors: Nawalia Christin , Ningsih Fitriani , Tambunan Lensi Natalia
Published: September 2022

Background: Infancy is the period most vulnerable to disease attacks. The disease that needs to be wary of attacking toddlers is diarrhea. Diarrhea is one of the environmental-based diseases that are the main cause of death and mortality. . Not carrying out indicators of clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) is the cause of diarrhea in toddlers. One of the factors that influence the occurrence of diarrhea is a Clean and Healthy Life Behavior (PHBS). Not carrying out indicators of clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) is the cause of diarrhea in toddlers, such as not giving exclusive breastfeeding to toddlers, not washing hands with soap, not using clean water, and not using healthy latrines. The purpose: In general, this study was to determine the relationship between Clean and Healthy Behavior (PHBS) with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five. Methode: literature review method, Google Scholar data source (2017-2020) articles using Indonesian. The Results: A total of 6 articles analyzed stated a relationship between clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. (p-value 0.000 <0.05). Conclusion: Based on 6 research articles, it is stated that there is a relationship between clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. One factor that influences diarrhea occurrence is the Clean and Healthy Life Behavior (PHBS). Not carrying out indicators of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is the cause of diarrhea in toddlers, such as not giving exclusive breastfeeding to toddlers, not washing hands with soap, not using clean water, and not using healthy latrines.
Hubungan Sanitasi Lingkungan Keluarga dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita
Authors: Iman Tia Feronika Asi H , Tambunan Lensi Natalia , Baringbing Eva Prilelli
Published: September 2022

Background: Stunting or short infants are chronic nutritional problems marked by inappropriate height compared with age. Environmental sanitation affects a stunting event in toddlers, with poor access and toilet facilities, lack of waste and waste management facilities, lack of access to clean hands and food as well as cleaning utensils, a risk of diarrhea and disability in the family in the result of the outbreak of viruses, germs, and bacteria. Research Objectives: Research was done to identify the sanitation of the family environment with stunting events. Research Methods: The research design used is a literature review, using the design study case-control and cross-sectional, using base data that is Google scholar and the garuda portal, and using the reference year of 2019-2021. Results: a study of 6 articles shows that environmental sanitation (the type of toilet, waste removal, domestic wastewater disposal, drinking, food consumption, and water resources) is associated with stunting events in toddlers. Conclusion: environmental sanitation is linked to stunting events in toddlers. Households that lack availability of clean water and inappropriate water treatment before use can cause nutritional problems in children. Since watering with a coliform bacteria content exceeds the threshold of raw water sources, it can cause a variety of stomach ailments if not properly treated. A history of diarrhea in the last three months may be risky for stunting events in infants
Pengaruh Penggunaan Aspal Modifikasi Polimer Ethyl Vinyl Acetat (EVA) Terhadap Campuran Laston Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC)
Authors: Yosevina Yosevina
Published: September 2022

Asphalt concrete (Laston) has a high level of flexibility so that the placement of such a layer directly above the wear layer (AC-WC) make this layer susceptible to damage is too high temperature and heavy traffic loads. In addition to these, as well as the damage is too high viscosity when asphalt mixing with aggregate due to the ineffectiveness of quality control in Asphalt Mixing Plant (AMP) so that the asphalt temperature is not controlled. This study is intended to take advantage of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) as a polymer in a mixture of Asphalt Concrete – Wearing Course). Stages of materials testing carried out on three specimen to be used, ex Clereng aggregate, asphalt penetration pertamina 60/70, and modifier type of polymer Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA). The test in laboratory with Marshall Test to acquire properties with a value of EVA modified aphalt content variation of 0% (Variation 1), 1% (Variation 2), 2% (Variation 3), 3% (Variation 4), and 4% (Variation 5). The result of Marshall Test showed that the addition variation 1 to variation 5 of EVA modified asphalt tend to increase Optimum Asphalt Content, stability value, and Marshall Quotient (MQ) value of AC-WC mixture. Generally, Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures with the addition of EVA modified asphalt gives the best result compared to AC-WC mixture without EVA modified asphalt
PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM "ASN BER-AKHLAK" SEBAGAI BENTUK PENGEMBANGAN PEGAWAI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS DAN LOYALITAS PEGAWAI
Authors: Tantri Revanggi Ayu , Maksin Mastina , Hidayat Sahrul , Ariyanto Aprillio Egy
Published: September 2022

Kinerja ASN menjadi tolak ukur keberhasilan penyelenggaraan birokrasi sesuai standar operasional prosedural. Strategi pemerintah dalam meningkatkan kualitas ASN dengan penguatan budaya kerja sebagai bentuk pembaharuan pengelolaan ASN menjadi pemerintah yang memiliki standar kelas dunia atau world class government. Salah satu strategi pemerintah dengan konsep ASN berkakhlak Sebagai Branding Employer. Termasuk Pemerintahan menerapkan ASN Berakhak untuk peningkatan kualitas kinerja ASN dan dikaitkan dengan komitmen Pemerintahan. Riset ini menerapkan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian kali ini penulis memfokuskan penelitian berdasarkan rumusan masalah yang ada. Sehingga dapat diketahui seperti apa penerapan ASN Berakhlak dan strategi pemerintah menyebarkan informasi terkait ASN Berakhlak. Selanjutnya akan diketahui penerapan ASN Berakhlak relevan dengan komitmen Pemerintahan.
Exploring Commuting for Work in Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Mohd Zahari Haliza , Azhar Nur Hidayah , Ismail Ariffin , Baker Rogis , Mohd Saudi Nur Surayya
Published: September 2022

Many workers face challenges in suburban areas when commuting to the urban areas from home to work. Public transportation is a fundamental component of efficient transportation in urban areas. Efficient transportation will increase economic opportunity, accessibility, and social development. This paper explored the characteristics of commuting behavior of the workers in the Klang Valley who commute to work in Kuala Lumpur, including their choice of transportation modes and the challenges they faced in traveling from home to work. This study engaged a mixed methodology where data were collected from 709 respondents voluntarily. The survey was initiated in December 2020 and lasted for six months. The respondents were approached through voluntary face-to-face and electronic means. Interviews were conducted with 14 key informants in April 2021 with workers from various backgrounds who commute to work every day. The interviews were done one-on-one. The result showed that the likelihood of choosing public transport over driving privately owned car was unfavorable where most individuals stated that the public transportation was insufficient; they had to take more than one modes to reach their workplace, and the facilities provided were insufficient for them to choose public transportation for commuting to work. These results shown that the urban workers in Kuala Lumpur preferred to drive to work rather than using public vehicles. This shows that Malaysians, especially in urban areas such as Kuala Lumpur, are not ready to adapt to SDG 11. Therefore, the government needs to create more initiatives to encourage the use of public transport.
Poetics of Memory on Dictatorships
Authors: Villegas Ana Cristina
Published: September 2022

This research explores how three memorial museums in “Latin America” exhibit trauma and violence from their respective dictatorial regimes. I analyze the impact of globalization with regard to common Holocaust tropes and themes by examining their content and display techniques via their official virtual platforms. The three memorial museums highlighted in this paper are the Memory and Human Rights Museum (MMDH) in Chile; the Ex Centro Clandestino de Detencion, Tortura y Exterminio (ESMA) in Argentina; and the Memorial Museum of Dominican Resistance in the Dominican Republic. I argue that these museums combine Latin American and Holocaust museological techniques and aesthetics in their exhibitions to accomplish two goals: (1) attract an international audience and (2) receive worldwide recognition in universal organizations such as the United Nations (UN) or UNESCO. The efforts implemented by these museums are apparent in their vernacular (the native language spoken in a particular region), display techniques, vision/purpose statements, and their interpretative text.
Social Condition of French Society pre-revolution in A Tale of Two Cities Novel by Charles Dickens
Authors: Syawal La Ode Muhamad Irwin , Rahman Fathu , P. M. Amir
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan kondisi sosial masyarakat Prancis sebelum potret revolusi dalam novel A Tale of Two Cities karya Charles Dickens. Keterkaitan karya sastra sebagai penggambaran kehidupan sosial membuktikan bahwa karya sastra selalu memiliki keberpihakan. Oleh karena itu, dapat dikatakan bahwa karya sastra merupakan karya tendensius yang berarti memiliki tujuan tertentu di balik penciptaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan sosiologi sastra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi sosial masyarakat Perancis dimana rakyatnya hidup dalam kemiskinan dan rakyat miskin dieksploitasi oleh kaum bangsawan, kelaparan melanda di setiap sudut kota, kakunya hukum pada masa sistem monarki, dan penyalahgunaan kekuasaan oleh kaum bangsawan kepada orang-orang miskin, yang menjurus pada revolusi yang dipimpin oleh orang-orang miskin. Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa kondisi sosial masyarakat sebelum revolusi adalah kemiskinan, kelaparan, hukum yang kaku, dan penyalahgunaan kekuasaanThis research aims to analyze the problem of social condition of French society before the revolution portrait in A Tale of Two Cities novel written by Charles Dickens. The linkage of literary works as a portray of a social life proves that a literary work always has partiality. Therefore, it can be said that literary work is a tendentious work which means having certain purposes behind its creation. This research uses the qualitative and sociology of literature approach. The result of the research that the social condition of French society where the people live in poverty where the poor people exploited by the noble, famine struck in every corner of the city, rigid of law during the monarchy system, and power abuse by the nobles to the poor people, which lead this into revolution lead by the poor people. The Researcher concluded that social condition of the society before the revolution are poverty, famine, rigid law, and power abuse.Keywords: Sociology of Literature, Social Condition, Revolution.
Potencial fisiológico de sementes de cultivares de soja no oeste da Bahia
Authors: Cavalcante João Pedro Jacobsen , Silva Monalisa Alves Diniz da , Ferraz Edimir Xavier Leal , Sá Júnior Jailson Gomes de , Santos Maria Jaiane Silva , Vaz Julio Cezar Teles
Published: September 2022

Dada a importância de se verificar o potencial germinativo das sementes, a fim de se subsidiar a escolha da cultivar de soja a ser instalada no campo, objetivou-se analisar o potencial fisiológico de sementes das cultivares 84185RSF IPRO (OH JURURENA), SYN 1687 IPRO, BRAMAX DOMÍNIO IPRO, NS 8400 IPRO e M 8349 IPRO, em condições de campo no Oeste Baiano. A pesquisa foi conduzida em Barreiras-BA, área da fazenda Araucária, município referência junto com Luiz Eduardo Magalhães e São Desidério na produção da cultura de soja na região Nordeste do Brasil. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos (cultivares) e quatro blocos. Foram avaliados o peso de mil sementes, o teor de água, a emergência (E), o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE) e a velocidade de emergência (VE). O maior e menor peso de mil sementes foram verificados para as sementes das cultivares 84185RSF IPRO e NS 8400 IPRO333, respectivamente. As cultivares de soja analisadas se diferenciaram significativamente em relação à emergência e ao índice de velocidade de emergência. As sementes da cultivar SYN 1687 IPRO apresentaram um menor potencial fisiológico em relação as sementes das cultivares NS 8400 IPRO e M 8349 IPRO; o que poderia comprometer o seu estabelecimento no campo, principalmente em condições desfavoráveis.
MODEL TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Arrahim Arrahim , Faridah Siti
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya solusi yang dilakukan peneliti-peneliti sebelumnya dalam mengatasi masalah hasil belajar matematika di sekolah dasar. Salah satu solusi yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut yaitu menggunakan model Teams Assisted Individualization. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan model Teams Assisted Individualization terhadap hasil belajar matematika Sekolah Dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Systematic Literature Review. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan jurnal. Artikel ilmiah yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dapat diambil sehingga diperoleh 19 artikel ilmiah untuk selanjutnya dianalisis. 19 artikel ilmiah ini terdiri dari 10 artikel penelitian Eksperimen, 8 artikel Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), dan 1 artikel penelitian Deskriptif. Hasil dan pembahasan penerapan model TAI yaitu pada kelas rendah nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh yaitu 80,895 dan kelas tinggi yaitu 74,17. Jika dilihat dari nilai rata-rata kelas rendah lebih unggul dibandingkan kelas tinggi. Tetapi dilihat banyaknya jurnal, kelas tinggi terdapat 16 jurnal lebih banyak dari kelas rendah yang hanya 2 jurnal. Pada pelaksanaan model Team Assisted Individualization guru dapat mengatur waktu seefisien mungkin agar pelaksanaan pembelajaran berikutnya dapat berjalan dengan baik Dari hasil literatur dan penelitian semua artikel ilmiah yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Team Assisted Individualization ini dapat meningkatkan dan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pelajaran matematika.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING SEBAGAI SOLUSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rikmasari Rima , Rosesa Seva
Published: September 2022

Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) merupakan mata pelajaran yang wajib dipelajari siswa sekolah dasar. IPA berguna untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada siswa mengenai fenomena-fenomena alam. IPA memiliki upaya untuk pendidikan dan juga perkembangan teknologi, karena IPA memiliki upaya untuk membangkitkan minat manusia serta kemamuan dalam mengembangkan IPA dan teknologi serta pemahaman tentang alam semesta yang mempunyai banayak fakta yang belum terungkap dan masih bersifa rahasia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian literature yang menganalisis dan mengkaji hasil dari peneliti sebelumnya yang memiliki tema yang relavan. Jenis peneliti ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dimana proses analisis lebih menekankan pada penyimpulan perbadingan tinjauan pustaka dari beberapa jurnal ilmiah. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menjabarkan tentang penerapan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa Sekolah Dasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA dalam tiga aspek yaitu kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik. Model ini mengkombinasikan keunggulan pembelajaran kooperatif dan pembelajaran individu agar siswa belajar dalam suasana yang menyenangkan sehingga dalam pembelajaran IPA siswa menjadi aktif, bersemangat dan senang belajar karena siswa-siswa ikut belajar besama. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan pembelajaran model Discovery Learning dapat mengingkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajara IPA.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PJBL) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Budiarti Yudi , Putri Kamilah Namira
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan mengetahui gambaran dari penggunaan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) terhadap hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran IPA siswa di Sekolah Dasar. Berdasarkan hasil analisis jurnal diperoleh permasalahan hasil belajar IPA siswa sekolah dasar yang tergolong rendah. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari banyaknya nilai siswa yang masih dibawah KKM, hal tersebut dapat diatasi salah satunya dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran IPA siswa di Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara menggumpulkan data berupa jurnal – jurnal yang berkaitan tentang penggunaan Model pembelajaran Project Based Learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Mata pelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar. Hasil dari analisis 13 artikel ilmiah yang dianalisis berdasarkan 8 tahun terakhir menunjukan model Project Based Learning sangat efektif untuk hasil belajar IPA siswa sekolah dasar. Pada bahan kajian rata-rata subjek penelitiannya siswa sekolah dasar kelas tinggi (kelas IV&V). Terdapat pengaruh secara efektif dan adanya perbedaan hasil belajar yang signifikan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) yaitu dengan menunjukkan rata-rata hasil belajar IPA lebih tinggi dari siklus I ke siklus II dan nilai pre – test dan post test. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil penelitian – penelitian referensi terdahulu. Indikator hasil belajar ranah kognitif tercapai dalam penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning.
Refusing What We Are
Authors: Mitcheson Katrina
Published: September 2022

Providing an exposition of Foucault’s understanding of power this chapter explores how the construction of a self can be implicated in power tactics and can thus also be a site of resistance. This chapter demonstrates how visual art can be employed as a technology of the self that that can both contribute to and disrupt oppressive identities. The focus in this chapter is how artworks can help reveal and destabilise various ways visual culture and imagery can contribute to self-construction. The particular example of Cindy Sherman’s work highlights the role of visual imagery, and the active complicity of the viewer, in constructing identity according to particular gender tropes. But her work also shows that reduction to any image or narrative is restrictive. This chapter explores how Sherman’s later work evokes bodily processes that cannot be reduce to coded imagery, showing the limitations of the image as well as narrative as a model of self-construction.
An Experimental Hermeneutics of the Self
Authors: Mitcheson Katrina
Published: September 2022

This chapter addresses the question of how artworks can be employed to develop new identities and new ways of relating to our identity which are not constraining. This chapter argues that re-appropriation of imagery that has been used to oppress us is insufficient. Rather we need to go beyond the normative assumption that identity can be reduced to image or narrative and instead harness bodily processes that cannot be codified in these ways. Discussing artworks by Claude Cahun, Yvonne Rainer, Steve McQueen, ORLAN, Rebecca Horn, Carolee Schneemann, Marina Abramović, Mona Hatoum and Hermann Nitsch this chapter looks at how artists have explored and engaged the body beyond culture, worked to break habits, cultivate playfulness, and engage drives and other bodily processes. Experimental engagements with the body can provide us with the means to experiment with new modes of selfhood. What emerges from these discussions is that artworks and working on the self are continually in interaction, and that critique and experimentation in one sphere create new possibilities in the other.
Talal Asad and the Question of Islamic Secularities
Authors: Enayat Hadi
Published: September 2022

This chapter engages with Talal Asad’s treatment of secularism, namely Asad’s claim that Islam encompasses all of human society and the insistence on a division between religion from state or society is a Christian imposition on Islamic tradition, where the privatisation of religion is a strategy of colonial rule. The chapter critiques a number of essentialisms in Asad’s thought, notably the notion of a sharp binary between east and west; the transformation of the terms secular and religious in different contexts and the long heritage of thinkers in Muslim contexts who do make distinctions between secular and religious spheres.
Power Practices and Pop: The Islam of Zain Bhikha
Authors: Otterbeck Jonas
Published: September 2022

This chapter examines the construction of ‘Islam’ in the pop nashids of the South African Muslim musician Zain Bikha. It approaches ‘Islam’ as a semiotic cluster, a group of symbols and ideas that can be reshuffled, used subversively or simply ignored. It argues that scholars need to devote more time to casual, inconsistent or occasional Muslims, who produce Islams that are just as deserving of scholarly analysis as the Islams generated in scholarly institutions. And it cautions against scholars who overly privilege the importance of foundational texts such the Quran and the hadith in popular constructions of Islam.
Islam in the Making: History, Discourses, the Quran and Modern Science
Authors: Stenberg Leif
Published: September 2022

This chapter examines claims made about Islam and science in the late twentieth century as a site for ‘the production of Islam’, of normative claims about what ‘true Islam’ should be. These claims focus on the relation between the Quran and modern science and the achievements of medieval ‘Muslim scientists’. Both can be seen as responses to the political and scientific dominance of non-Muslim societies.
Constructing Islamic Studies: Gender, Power and Critique as Ethical Tools
Authors: Hammer Juliane
Published: September 2022

This chapter offers a constructive, rather than deconstructive, approach to the study of Islam. It reflects on the relationship between scholarship and activism and defends normative approaches in scholarship that can defend gender justice. It argues that much ‘western’ feminism has been implicated in colonial or anti-religious projects, and that gender justice in Muslim communities might be better served by drawing out strands of exegesis that defend women’s rights.
Scotland: Phoenix, Maturation, Transitions
Authors: Bergeron David M.
Published: September 2022

This chapter explores Lennox’s time from his arrival in Scotland as a 9-year-old boy from France in November 1583 until the departure for England in 1603. Having been invited to Scotland by his cousin King James VI, Lennox quickly developed skills that would enable him to serve the king, which he did faithfully. He overcame initial unfamiliarity with Scotland’s culture and politics. When James went to Denmark to marry Princess Anne in 1589, he put the 15-year-old Lennox in charge of the government, a task which he handled well, as he did many other offices. This chapter discusses Lennox’s two marriages, his siblings, who also arrived from France, and his relationships with the royal family. The king invited Lennox to go with him to England after Queen Elizabeth’s death.
Diplomacy, Politics and the Arts
Authors: Bergeron David M.
Published: September 2022

This chapter focuses on Lennox’s political activities, diplomatic missions, and participation in the arts. On several occasions King James dispatched Lennox back to Scotland to wrangle with the Scottish Parliament. Lennox was also sent as emissary to France to solidify relationships and engage in marriage negotiations for Charles. Lennox regularly entertained and intervened for foreign ambassadors in London. In 1613 James made Lennox Earl of Richmond, enabling him to sit in Parliament. He became Lord Steward of the Household in 1616, and in 1623 Duke of Richmond. Early on Lennox became patron of his own acting company; he arranged the first Jacobean court masque, and he performed in several masques.
Historical Introduction
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter begins by tracing the early history of the law, outlining the main Scottish sources and noting comparative influences. It then considers the impact and continuing legacy of the Institutional writers, including Stair, Bankton, Erskine and Bell. The rise of negligence is contextualised and explained, as well as modern developments in the intentional wrongs and in adjudication of neighbourhood relations. Issues of convergence and divergence between Scots law and the law of the English Common Law world are also flagged.
Liability for the Acts of Others
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

The chapter begins by tracing the beginnings of the law of vicarious liability and competing theories as to its rationale. There is then detailed treatment of the types of employment relationship which attract vicarious liability in the modern law, including the developing category of relationships akin to employment. The tests for determining whether wrongdoing has occurred during the course of employment are examined, including the close-connection test, with special consideration of certain problem contexts. Debates over the nature of liability of principals for agents are also included, as is the liability of partnerships for partners. The modern law in regard to non-delegable duties of care is analysed, with special reference to the workplace, inherently hazardous operations, and care of the vulnerable.
Duty of Care
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter traces the development of the duty of care concept, taking up where chapter 1 left off and narrating developments in the case law from Donoghue v Stevenson onwards through to Anns v London Borough of Merton, Caparo Industries plc v Dickman, and Robinson v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police. It gives extended analysis to the main features of duty: foreseeability; proximity; and, in “novel cases”, fairness, justice and reasonableness. The problems of imposing duty for omissions are discussed, including the troubled distinctions between duty and active conduct, and the characteristics of “blameable” omissions.
Public Authorities
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter considers the particular difficulties in establishing duty of care where public authorities are accused of negligence in performance of statutory functions. It also deals with the relationship between liability under the law of negligence and liability under the Human Rights Act 1998. In addition the chapter analyses the Scottish dimension to deliberate misuse of statutory powers by public authorities.
Roads Authorities
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter follows from chapter 7, more specifically in tracking the liability of roads authorities for failures of duty in regard the safety of public roads. The Scottish legislation, in particular the Roads (Scotland) Act 1984, and the Scottish case law is central to discussion, but English authority is also considered where helpful. The different types of culpable failures to maintain and repair are reviewed, as is the scope of liability for failure actively to improve safety. There is also separate discussion of the implications of failure to clear snow and ice, an issue of particular importance in many areas of Scotland.
The Emergency Services
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter gives extended treatment to the difficult question of duty on the part of the emergency services. It begins with treatment of the police, tracking the evolution of the “core principle” underlying duty, as originally discussed in Hill v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire and developed in leading cases in the 21st century. The distinction between positive conduct and omissions is analysed, as is duty to officers as employees and liability under the Human Rights Act 1998. The stances of the Scottish and English courts on the duty owned by the fire service is reviewed, as well as past debates on cross-border difference on this topic. The ambit of the duty undertaken by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency and by the Ambulance Service also features.
Wrongful Deprivation of Liberty
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter begins by considering general questions of the meaning of confinement and the significance of Article 5 ECHR. It looks at contexts in which liability is incurred by private persons in detaining another. It then goes on to examine the difficult questions of wrongful deprivation of liberty by public officials, in particular the actors in the criminal justice system. The more unusual circumstances of deprivation of liberty arising from negligence are also outlined, as is liability for malicious instigation of criminal proceedings.