bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection and Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Promotion Risk in the Little Akaki River Wastewater
Authors: Gessew Gebreab Teklebirhan , Desta Adey Feleke
Published: August 2024

Background
The misuse of antimicrobial agents in healthcare and animal husbandry has resulted in their release into the environment through wastewater. This, in turn, has led to the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. Antimicrobials in wastewater not only promote resistance in microbial communities but also interfere with the biodegradation of organic matter.
Objective
The study aimed to detect and evaluate the risk of antimicrobial resistance promotion in the Little Akaki River wastewater by analyzing selected antimicrobial concentration levels.
Methods
In a longitudinal study at Little Akaki River, wastewater samples collected in March-December 2019, June 2020, and August 2022 were analyzed using solid phase extraction with Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) cartridge to extract antimicrobials. A 10µL extracted sample was injected into Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) system with binary gradient elution, equipped with a Mass spectrometer operating in ESI + mode.
Results
Ciprofloxacin concentrations ranged from 5.62–9.34µg/L. In the dry season, Cefotaxime concentrations ranged from 1.89–54.86 µg/L, while in the wet season, they ranged from 32.76–64.79 µg/L. Sulfamethoxazole concentrations varied from 29.11-186.25 µg/L in the dry season and from 123.29-248.77 µg/L in the wet season.
Conclusion
Our study identified a potential for widespread antimicrobials resistance emergence in the Little Akaki River. Measured environmental levels of ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, and sulfamethoxazole exceeded predicted no-effect concentrations (PNEC) for resistance promotion Risk Quotient (RQ) > 2 in both dry and wet seasons. However, erythromycin levels remained safe, below respective PNEC. These findings suggest a high risk of resistance development to these specific antimicrobials in the study site aquatic bacteria, with sulfamethoxazole posing the greatest threat due to its consistently high levels.
Reduced soil organic carbon sequestration driven by nitrogen deposition–induced increases in microbial carbon to phosphorus ratio in alpine grassland
Authors: Wu Jianbo , Mo Lidong , Zohner Constantin M. , Zhao Hui , Chen Fan , Wang Xiaodan
Published: August 2024

Aims
Effect of nitrogen deposition on soil organic carbon and the underlying mechanisms in grassland ecosystems remains a topic of debate. Moreover, previous research has primarily concentrated on interaction between carbon and nitrogen cycles in response to nitrogen deposition, with less attention paid to how nitrogen-induced phosphorus deficits may impact soil organic carbon sequestration.
Methods
we applied a meta-analysis to quantify how soil organic carbon and phosphorus respond to nitrogen enrichment in grassland ecosystem. Besides, we conducted an eight-year field experiment involving nitrogen and phosphorus additions.
Results
the meta-analysis revealed that soil organic carbon increased below 5 g·m− 2 but decreased above 10 g·m− 2 under nitrogen addition. The field experiment also indicated that soil available phosphorus did not significantly decrease with nitrogen addition of 10 g·m− 2, suggesting an increase in soil available phosphorus due to nitrogen addition. The microbial biomass carbon to phosphorus (MC:MP) ratio significantly decreased under any level of nitrogen addition, indicating that nitrogen enhanced phosphorus limitation of microbes. Moreover, the significant negative correlation between MC:MP ratio and soil organic carbon indicated that microbial carbon limitation increased with microbial phosphorus limitation under nitrogen enrichment. Furthermore, both microbial carbon limitation and phosphorus limitation were significantly correlated with reduced soil organic carbon, suggesting that increases in the MC:MP ratio will reduce soil organic carbon sequestration.
Conclusions
soil organic carbon will decrease above 10 g·m− 2 under nitrogen addition, and the nitrogen deposition-induced MC:MP imbalance may lead to decreased soil organic carbon in alpine grassland ecosystems.
Effect of depression on health care expenditure in middle-aged and older patients with heart disease
Authors: you shushu , Gu Xiang , Sui Jing , Xiang Ziyu , Gao Fan
Published: August 2024

Objective
Patients with heart disease frequently experience a heightened incidence of depression, thereby affecting their overall medical expenditures. Nevertheless, earlier investigations have focused on the healthcare costs incurred by individual patients with heart disease or those with depression. The present study assessed the correlation between depression and the medical expenditures of patients with heart disease, offering insights for guiding their subsequent healthcare services and medication choices.
Method
Using data from Charles, we identified 2445 middle-aged and older patients with heart disease based on their completed medical expenditure-related questionnaires. The study further calculated the questionnaire data and used multiple linear regression analysis to control for demographic variables to evaluate the relationship between depressive symptoms and medical expenses.
Results
In our sample, the presence or absence of depressive symptoms exhibited statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the medical expenditures of patients. Approximately 50.27% of heart disease patients had depressive symptoms. Depression level, gender, education level, type of health insurance, consumption level, and number of other chronic diseases had significant effects on medical expenditures. A positive correlation was found between depressive symptoms and medical expenses.
Conclusion
Heart disease patients exhibiting depressive symptoms incurred higher medical expenditures compared to their counterparts without depression. The findings of this study imply the need to augment mental health care services for older individuals with heart disease and to enhance collaborative care interventions within the context of heart disease.
4-aminopyridine attenuates inflammation and apoptosis and increases angiogenesis to promote skin regeneration following a burn injury
Authors: Govindappa Prem Kumar , V.G Rahul , Ellur Govindaraj , Gaber Amir A. , Elfar John
Published: August 2024

Severe thermal skin burns are complicated by inflammation and apoptosis, which delays wound healing and contributes to significant morbidity. Diverse treatments demonstrate limited success with mitigating these processes to accelerate healing. Agents that alter cell behavior to improve healing would alter treatment paradigms. We repurposed 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a drug approved by the US FDA for multiple sclerosis, to treat severe burns. We found that 4-AP, in the early stages of burn healing, significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1β and TNFα while increasing the expression of anti-inflammatory markers CD206, ARG-1, and IL10. 4-AP attenuated apoptosis, with decreases in apoptotic markers BAX, caspase-9, and caspase-3 and increases in anti-apoptotic markers BCL2 and BCL-XL. Furthermore, 4-AP promoted angiogenesis through increases in the expression of CD31, VEGF, and eNOS. Together, these likely contributed to accelerated burn wound closure, as demonstrated in increased keratinocyte proliferation (K14) and differentiation (K10) markers. In the later stages of burn healing, 4-AP increased TGFβ and FGF levels, which are known to mark the transformation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. This was further demonstrated by an increased expression of α-SMA and vimentin, as well as higher levels of collagen I and III, MMP 3, and 9 in animals treated with 4-AP. Our findings support the idea that 4-AP may have a novel, clinically relevant therapeutic use in promoting burn wound healing.
Variable vertical land motion for sea level rise projections
Authors: Govorcin Marin , Bekeart David , Hamlington Benjamin , Sangha Simran , Sweet William
Published: August 2024

Accurate projections of future sea level depend on adequately representing contributions from the land and ocean. The Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change-6th Assessment Report made significant progress with most contributors to relative sea level rise. However, coastal vertical land motion (VLM) remained unchanged from previous assessments, due in part to challenges with its spatial and temporal variability. Here, we outline a framework for estimating varying VLM in fine detail, and projecting it into the future. Along the 1700-km long California coast, we show that localized VLM, often missing in current frameworks, could double current sea-level projections by 2050 in parts of San Francisco and Los Angeles. We introduce a temporary variability metric to distinguish locations with stable from changing VLM trends, typically driven by human activities. This research underscores nonlinear VLM and its uncertainties in projections, and calls out for localized monitoring to address its impacts on relative sea-level changes.
Silver Nanoparticles Immobilized on Crosslinked Vinyl Polymer for Catalytic Reduction of Nitrophenol: Experimental and Computational Studies
Authors: Elbayoumy Elsayed , El-Bindary Ashraf , Nakano Tamaki , Aboelnga Mohamed
Published: August 2024

The removal of toxic nitrophenols from the industrial wastewater is an urgent need from health, environmental and economic aspects. The present study deals with the synthesis of crosslinked vinyl polymer Poly(divinylbenzene) (poly(DVB)) through free radical polymerization technique using AIBN as initiator and acetonitrile as solvent. The prepared polymer was used as a supporter for silver nanoparticles via chemical reduction of silver nitrate on the polymer network. The prepared poly(DVB) and Ag/poly(DVB) composite were characterized by different techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The results exhibit that silver metal was well distributed on the surface of poly(DVB) without any aggregation as a nanocrystals with an average size 13 nm. Also, BET analysis confirm that Ag/poly(DVB) composite is a meso porous material with a surface area 127.428 m²/g. This composite was also applied as a heterogenous catalyst for the reduction of toxic nitrophenol in the industrial wastewater into a less toxic aminophenol with the aid of NaBH4 as reductant. In addition, Ag/poly(DVB) catalyst regards as one of the most active catalyst that exhibits an advantage over the other catalysts showing similar activities in the aspects that it can be more readily prepared than the competitors and that it works at the lowest concentration of NaBH4. Interestingly, DFT calculation were conducted to provide atomistic insights into the reduction mechanism and a detailed catalytic pathway have been proposed. Furthermore, the reusability experiment confirm that Ag/poly(DVB) was stable and can be removed from the reaction mixture by centrifuge and reused for four successive cycles with a slight decrease in their catalytic activity.
Hydrogeophysical Investigation for Groundwater Development in the Crystalline Terrain of Ohaganyi Area of Lokoja, North-Central, Nigeria
Authors: Chiazor Stephen NGOZI-CHIKA , Okanigbuan  , Ibrahim Olanrewaju Ibrahim , Adeoye Aderemi , Tobi Oyeyemi , Onugba Abraham
Published: August 2024

Hydrogeophysical investigation of Ohagainyi area of Lokoja was undertaken to understand the local geology, ground water conditions and the prospect of groundwater development in the survey area. In this study, 2D Electrical Resistivity Profiling was carried out using electrical resistivity measurements methods. Wenner electrode configuration was employed to determine the hydrogeological characteristics of the survey area. Consequently, Five Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) points were selected based on the 2D Profiling results employing the Schlumberger electrode configuration with maximum half-current electrode spread ranging from 70 m to 100 m; the half-potential electrode spread range from 0.3 m to 5 m. Four layers were identified by the VES: topsoil, weathered, fractured, and the fresh bedrock. The weathered/fractured geologic units are the two aquifer types that were identified from the VES results. The H-type curve demonstrates that the resistivity of the first layer is higher than that of the second layer and lower than that of the third layer (ρ1 > ρ2 < ρ3s). The first layer is made up of clay and laterite. The weathered basement aquifer formed the second layer with thickness ranges of 0.69 m − 6.12 m. and the resistivity range of 3.84 Ώm − 35.17 Ώm. The fractured aquiferous layer underlain the (WB) zone with thickness range of 8.44 m – 50.7m and resistivity values ranges from 429.6 Ώm -21726.6 Ώm. If the density of the fractures in the fractured column is high, the groundwater yield from this type of aquifer could be high. The final layer is the fresh basement, which has resistivity values ranging from 16.22 Ώm to 41790.1 Ώm.
Awareness of hypertension-related complications and its determinants among adult hypertensive patients in Ethiopia
Authors: Chekol Habtam Reda , Demissie Negesu Gizaw , Mekonnen Chilot Kassa
Published: August 2024

Background: Hypertension is a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risks of heart, brain, kidney, and other diseases. However, little is known about patients’ awareness of hypertension complications and associated factors in the study area. Therefore, this study is designed to assess the understanding of hypertensive patients on the risk factors of hypertension and its complications.
Objective: This study aimed to assess awareness of hypertension-related complications and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients on follow-up at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia, 2023.
Methods and materials: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensive patients on follow-up. Data was entered using Epi-Data version 4.6 and analysed using SPSS 26 statistical software. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was fitted. Factors with a p-value <0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression model. The Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was checked for model fitness. The odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval with p values < 0.05 was used to measure statistically significant association.
Results: A total of 422 participants were enrolled in the study, with a 100% response rate. In this, only 42.4% (95% CI: 37.7, 47.2) of them were aware towards risk factors and complications of hypertension. Urban residents with (AOR = 8.73; 95% CI: 4.37, 17.45), college and above educational level with (AOR = 4.10; 95% CI: 1.88, 8.95), government employees with (AOR = 3.40, 95% CI: 1.58, 7.29), social media with (AOR = 5.95; 95% CI: 3.21, 11.02), social support with (AOR = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.35, 4.99), and more than or equal to ten years duration since diagnosis with (AOR = 2:33; 95% CI: 1.15, 4.72) were significant predictors of hypertension risk factors and complications.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that patients’ awareness regarding risk factors and complications was considerably low. It can be inferred that there is a gap in hypertension awareness, inviting urgent public health intervention, particularly targeting the rural population.
Effects of Different Carbohydrate Supplementation on Marathon for Amateur Runners: A Controlled Trial
Authors: Dai Jiansong , Lv Jiale , Chen Gangrui , Gu Zhongke , Xu Kai
Published: August 2024

Objective This study examined the relationship between glycemic changes and marathon performance in amateur runners using Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM). It also assessed the impact of different carbohydrate intake strategies on performance.METHODS Continuous glucose monitoring was used to continuously monitor the blood glucose levels of 18 elite amateur runners and 12 sub-elite amateur runners participating in one race. The race performance data were obtained from a sports watch. At the same time, the runners were randomly grouped into 10 in the elite high-carb group, 8 in the elite normal-carb group, 6 in the sub-elite high-carb group, and 6 in the sub-elite normal-carb group. The recharge standard for the high-carb group is 80g/h, and the normal-carb group's is 50g/h.RESULTS Results showed that high-carb intake significantly improved finishing times. While various supplementation methods did not affect segmental speed and blood glucose variations, elite runners maintained a consistent speed, unlike sub-elite runners who saw a decrease in the final 10KM.Conclusion In the marathon, both supplementation schedules ensured energy availability and avoided hypoglycemia; there was no difference in segmental performance between runners in the regular and high Carbohydrate groups, but high Carbohydrate supplementation may have been beneficial to final performance; the higher the level of the runner, the more consistent the speed maintenance, and in the marathon, the more stable the blood glucose in the second half of the race may be beneficial in avoiding the exercise performance Decline.
Chitosan-coated titanium dioxide nanoparticles: Fabrication, characterisation and toxicological evaluation in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Priscilla Sharine , Venkatasubbu G. Devanand , Mohideen Sahabudeen Sheik
Published: August 2024

Titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2 NP) is one the most highly sought-after nanomaterials and are prevalent in many consumer products such as personal care products, paints and coatings, and food colouring. However, their pervasive use and high demand are expected to adversely affect organisms and ecosystems. Several articles suggest that surface modification of TiO2 with appropriate materials could mitigate its negative impacts. To facilitate this, we utilised chitosan (CS), a naturally occurring biopolymer, as a coating material to fabricate a biomaterial-based nanocomposite for consumer applications. TiO2 integration into chitosan was analysed using XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and SEM. Drosophila was employed as a model organism to assess the toxicity of the coated nanoparticles, aligning with efforts to prevent animal cruelty. The toxicity was analysed in both larvae and adult flies. Variations in antioxidant enzyme activity were observed, implying activation of nanoparticle clearance pathways. Antioxidant enzyme activation is a normal response to the ingestion of xenobiotics. Nonetheless, the cumulative response did not suggest any severe toxicity despite slight changes in antioxidant mechanisms. Our objective, however, is to employ the nanocomposite for dermal uses. Hence, the nanocomposite can be recommended for consumer applications.
Curcumin attenuates apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy by up-regulating Sirt3 and inhibiting SOD2 acetylation
Authors: Zhang Wen , Wang Wei , Li Hua-peng , Wang Yao
Published: August 2024

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce the formation of a type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) model in rats to research the effect of curcumin on diabetic cardiomyopathy. DM rats showed typical diabetic phenotypes such as increased blood glucose and impaired cardiac function. After curcumin treatment, the cardiac dysfunction and the serum levels of the DM rats were improved. At the same time, the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes decreased and the expression of Sirt3 increased. In vitro, H9c2 cells were cultured under high-glucose and high-fat (HG/HF) conditions, leading to cell apoptosis. Curcumin showed beneficial effects against the apoptosis of HG/HF H9c2 cells. However, after transfection of Sirt3-siRNA, the acetylation modification of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) increased, and the anti-apoptotic effect induced by curcumin was eliminated. Our results showed that curcumin could attenuate diabetic cardiomyopathy by up-regulating Sirt3 and inhibiting SOD2 acetylation.
Comparative Analysis of Response Surface Methodology (Rsm) Method and Taguchi Method: Optimization Hydraulic Ram Pump Performance
Authors: Romelin Chahyani , Zahedi Zahedi , Nusantara Badai Charamsar
Published: August 2024

Hydraulic ram pumps offer an energy-efficient solution for water lifting, crucial in rural areas with limited electricity access. Comparative analysis using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Taguchi method reveals distinct experimental designs and optimization outcomes. RSM entails 20 experiments, yielding optimal points at Input Height (3 m), Input Length (12 m), and Vacuum Tube Length (120 cm). In contrast, Taguchi employs 9 experiments, with optimal points at Input Height (3 m), Input Length (6 m), and Vacuum Tube Lenght (120 cm). For the equation model, the RSM method shows a complex mathematical equation involving interactions between variables, while the Taguchi method provides a simpler equation. As for the most optimal variable when viewed from the Significant value in both methods in the ANOVA table, it is found that the input height variable is the most significant variable in optimising the response (discharge). A better understanding of these two methods can help the selection of appropriate methods for specific situations, strengthen the understanding of hydram pump performance, and contribute to the development of more efficient and sustainable hydram pump technology.
Examining the Multiscale Effects of Urban Environment on Chronic Diseases: A Case Study of Hypertension in New York City
Authors: Lu Zefeng , Huang Huanchun , Zhang Shuying , Liu Zhifeng , Zhai Wei , Qin Haoming
Published: August 2024

With the ongoing process of urbanization, the global issue of chronic diseases is becoming increasingly prominent, with rising incidence rates. This study focuses on hypertension, a typical chronic disease, and analyzes the spatial similarity and dependence of hypertension prevalence and its influencing factors through correlation and spatial autocorrelation analyses. A Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) model is employed to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of environmental factors affecting hypertension prevalence, providing a deeper understanding of the drivers behind changes in hypertension rates. The results indicate that hypertension prevalence in New York City exhibits significant spatial non-stationarity. Income levels, race, and functional mix are primary influencers. Additionally, factors such as building density, vehicle ownership, and the proportion of Black or African American residents also impact hypertension prevalence to varying degrees and directions. The MGWR model effectively assesses the impact of urban environments on hypertension prevalence and ranks the importance of influencing factors. With an R-squared value of 0.785, the MGWR model, outperforms both Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models in identifying the determinants of hypertension prevalence. This study offers valuable decision-making support for the government in formulating intervention policies and urban planning and design to reduce hypertension incidence.
Application of atomic layer thermopile (ALTP) sensors in organic vapor flows
Authors: Hake Leander , Sundermeier Stephan , Cakievski Leon , Wiesche Stefan aus der , Kaneider Simon , Roediger Tim
Published: August 2024

The applicability of hot-wire anemometry (HWA) and atomic layer thermopile sensors (ALTP) for flow measurements in high subsonic air and organic vapor flows was experimentally tested in a case study. Conventional hot-wire probes and an atomic layer thermopile sensor device were placed in free jets of air and the organic vapor Novec 649 which were established in a closed wind tunnel. The fluid Novec 649 consisted of heavy molecules, and it represented real gas flows. The impact of the high density of the organic vapor on the two measurement techniques was assessed. The maximum Mach number was about 0.7 in the experiments, and the turbulent spectra were obtained using the two measurement approaches. The outcome of the case study demonstrated that ALTP sensors can be useful devices for investigating high-speed flows of organic vapors. This makes this measurement approach interesting for aerodynamic investigations of cascades designed for organic Rankine cycle (ORC) turbines.
Leveraging Large Language Models to Construct Feedback from Medical Multiple-Choice Questions
Authors: Tomova Mihaela , Atanet Iván Roselló , Sehy Victoria , Sieg Miriam , März Maren , Mäder Patrick
Published: August 2024

Exams like the formative Progress Test Medizin can enhance their effectiveness by offering feedback beyond numerical scores. Content-based feedback, which encompasses relevant information from exam questions, can be valuable for students by offering them insight into their performance on the current exam, as well as serving as study aids and tools for revision.Our goal was to utilize Large Language Models (LLMs) in preparing content-based feedback for the Progress Test Medizin and evaluate their effectiveness in this task.We utilize two popular LLMs and conduct a comparative assessment by performing textual similarity on the generated outputs. Furthermore, we study via a survey how medical practitioners and medical educators assess the capabilities of LLMs and perceive the usage of LLMs for the task of generating content-based feedback for PTM exams.Our findings show that both examined LLMs performed similarly. Both have their own advantages and disadvantages. Our survey results indicate that one LLM produces slightly better outputs; however, this comes at a cost since it is a paid service, while the other is free to use. Overall, medical practitioners and educators who participated in the survey find the generated feedback relevant and useful, and they are open to using LLMs for such tasks in the future.We conclude that while the content-based feedback generated by the LLM may not be perfect, it nevertheless can be considered a valuable addition to the numerical feedback currently provided.
Agricultural Imagination: What if Kenya allocates 10% of its arable land to rice production?
Authors: Uma Apollo , Okello Dickson , Opondo Florence
Published: August 2024

Rice contributes significantly to food security, employment and increased income among many households. The demand and consumption of rice in Kenya have greatly widened due to rapid population growth and shift away from maize due to climate change impacts. Unfortunately, the increase in consumption is not commensurate to increase in crop productivity and land area. As a result, Kenya is compelled to import 90% of milled rice to cater for domestic demand. As a way to alleviate this, an imagination about increasing total land area under rice production to 10% of the total national arable land was considered in this study. A systematic review was conducted following thePRISMA guidelines. The aim of the review was to establish the suitability of different areas for rice production, possibilities of import substitution, increased production, impact of rice production on employment and the milling industry. Literature was accessed from various databases with only 26 studies selected for inclusion in the study. The study revealed that over 40% of the areas in Kenya are moderately suitable for rice production. Moderate areas yield 5.7% less than highly suitable areas. Allocating 10% of moderately suitable land to rice production has the potential of yielding 1,815,000 MT of rice annually. Rice imports can be fully substituted in the initial periods and more than a million jobs can be created. The Kenyan government should develop policies that would enhance the utilization of arable land to increase rice production.
Synergistic Enhancement of Electrochemical Alcohol Oxidation by Combining NiV-Layerd Double Hydroxide with an Aminoxyl Radical
Authors: Wang Jianguo , Li Suiqin , Wang Shibin , Wang Yuhang , He Jiahui , Li Kai , Gerken James , Stahl Shannon , Zhong Xing
Published: August 2024

Electrochemical alcohol oxidation (EAO) is a compelling method for producing high-value carbonyl products. However, its industrial viability is hindered by suboptimal efficiency stemming from low reaction rates. Herein, we present a novel synergistic electrocatalysis approach that integrates an active electrode and aminoxyl radical to enhance the performance of EAO. The optimal aminoxyl radical (4-acetamido-TEMPO, ACT) and Ni0.67V0.33-layered double hydroxide (LDH) were screened as cooperative electrocatalysts by integrating theoretical predictions and experiments. The Ni0.67V0.33-LDH facilitates ACTH adsorption and activation via ketonic oxygen interactions, thereby enhancing selectivity and yield at high current densities. The electrolysis was scaled to demonstrate a 200 g synthesis of the steroid carbonyl product 8b resulted in a 91% yield and a productivity of 243 g/h. These results represent a promising method for accelerating electron transfer to enhance alcohol oxidation, highlighting its potential for practical electrosynthesis applications.
The Case of Educational Games in Remote Support of the Interaction of a Parent with a Young Child
Authors: Yafizova Rimma I. ,   Russian State Pedagogical University named after A. I. Herzen
Published: August 2024

The article reflects the results of a study related to the study of the specifics of the use of the Internet space by parents for the development of young children and the design of a case of educational games in the context of remote parent support. The current situation in the upbringing and development of a child of infancy and early age in the family is such that in most cases the parent turns to Internet resources in order to navigate the approaches, tactics, methods of solving emerging problems. The effectiveness of solving the problems of the young children development in the family also depends on the quality of the materials used by parents. The aim of the study is to develop a theoretically substantiated approach for the creation by teachers of a case of educational games in the Internet space for use by parents in the development of young children. The article presents an analysis of domestic and foreign studies, which allows a diverse study of the specifics of the requests of modern parents regarding the development of children from birth to three years; the readiness of the teacher to organize remote support for families with young children. The use of various forms of remote support of a modern family is substantiated. The methodology of the empirical part of the study includes: a block of survey methods; observation that determines the position of parents in the interaction “teacher-child-parent”; SWOT analysis of content for the development of young children; determining the profile of teachers’ readiness for remote support of parents of young children in the Internet space. The article reflects the results of a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the study, which made it possible to identify contradictions between the declared and actually demonstrated positions of parents in interaction with children; to study the expectations of parents and the requirements that they place on Internet resources in the development of children; determine the deficits of teachers in the process of organizing remote support for parents. Most teachers need methodological support regarding the selection, development and implementation of modern resources in the Internet space.As a result, the structure of a virtual case for parents is presented, the stages of development of a case of educational games are designed for use in the development of young children in the Internet space.
Online Resources in the School Education System: Features of Application in Primary School
Authors: Ochirova Natalia V. ,   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University
Published: August 2024

The article presents an analysis of research on the issues of e-learning, training primary school teachers to use electronic educational resources, online applications and platforms in the educational process at the present stage. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibilities of using online educational resources, online applications in primary general education. Applied research methods: theoretical – analysis of pedagogical and educational literature, articles of scientists and practical teachers, generalization of the results obtained. Factors characterizing the features of the modern educational environment have led to an abundance of digital resources. Their accessibility and diversity actualize the need for their selection for the effective organization of the educational process in primary school. This study is devoted to the problem of digitalization of education through the use of online resources, online applications, various environments in primary general education. Based on the analysis of the research, the article presents models of e-learning, gives the basic concepts of e-learning, distance learning system, its application possibilities, in particular, at the level of primary general education, reveals the features of using online applications, analyzes some online resources that will help a teacher in his pedagogical activity. According to the results of the study, the conclusion is formulated about the introduction of an electronic educational environment into the teacher’s professional activity, into the educational institution poses the task of preparing teachers for the use of electronic educational resources, online platforms and applications in teaching younger schoolchildren. The use of open digital educational resources and services contribute to increasing the interest of students, will enrich the pedagogical piggy bank of teachers, improve the educational process.
Exploring Novel Habitat for Critically Endangered Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. in Terai Region of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Yadav Alok ,   I.C.F.R.E. - Eco Rehabilitation Centre, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh India, Chauhan Kuldeep , Nishad Rahul , Singh Sanjay ,   I.C.F.R.E. - Eco Rehabilitation Centre, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh India,   I.C.F.R.E. - Eco Rehabilitation Centre, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh India,   I.C.F.R.E. - Eco Rehabilitation Centre, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh India
Published: August 2024

Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) is a highly prized fragrant resin-producing tree within the Thymelaeaceae family, renowned for its aromatic wood known as agar or oudh. With a market value of up to $100,000 per kilogram, its natural habitat in Southeast Asia has faced significant depletion due to extensive extraction driven by demand. Although naturally occurring in South East Asian countries, its cultivation has extended to the home gardens of North Eastern states of India. Given its critical endangerment in the wild and confinement to specific regions, identifying suitable habitats for ex-situ conservation is imperative. The introduction of agarwood to the Terai region of Lakhimpur Kheri, Uttar Pradesh, India, characterized by a humid climate and high-water table, aims to address its economic importance and habitat loss concerns. This region, situated between 27.6° and 28.6° N longitude and 80.34° and 81.3° east latitude, with an elevation of 148 meters above sea level, experiences an average rainfall of 1275mm, concentrated mainly from June to September. Such efforts are crucial for the long-term survival of agarwood species under varying climate change scenarios, necessitating collaborative conservation measures by the scientific community and agroforestry managers.
A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF LOW YAT ONLINE DISCUSSION FORUMS ON MALAYSIAN VERNACULAR SCHOOLS
Authors: Loo Daron Benjamin ,   Centre for the Promotion of Knowledge and Language Learning, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Published: August 2024

Vernacular schools in Malaysia, while only operating at the primary school level, have had a turbulent existence. Recently, the constitutional legitimacy of these schools was questioned through legal suits brought about by private citizens as well as non-governmental organisations and associations. These suits illuminate the discourses that surround vernacular schools in Malaysia. A discursive space where language use is worth examining is the digital realm, where there is an extent of openness afforded to users to communicate their feelings or views. To this end, three online discussion forums from Low Yat were examined. Posts that had written comments regarding vernacular schools were included. Through qualitative content analysis, six themes were yielded. They revealed perspectives that supported the abolishment of vernacular schools; however, there were also those who presented a contrastive perspective, mainly due to the negative views held against national schools and the educational system. From these posts, stereotypes associated with particular ethnic groups became evident. There were also disagreements towards the purpose and quality of different types of schools. All these indicate how public discourse regarding vernacular schools is complex, as seen through history and compounded by individual social practices.
THE TYPES OF AUTHORITY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE K’HO AND MNÔNG COMMUNITIES IN THE SOUTH-CENTRAL HIGHLANDS OF VIETNAM
Authors: Thu Huỳnh Ngọc ,   Faculty of Vietnamese Studies, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, 10-12 Đinh Tiên Hoàng Street, Bến Nghé Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Hà Lê Thị Mỹ ,   Faculty of History Studies, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, 10-12 Đinh Tiên Hoàng Street, Bến Nghé Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: August 2024

The article is grounded in Weber’s perspective on three societal authority types (traditional authority, rational-legal authority, and charismatic authority) and analyses social control within the K’ho and Mnông communities in the South-Central Highlands of Vietnam according to these types of authority. By collecting data through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires, the article provides a comprehensive review of the three types of authority involved in the community management and control of the K’ho and Mnông in this region. The findings reveal that, depending on the historical period, a particular type of authority tends to rise to prominence, exerting significant influence over the community. Another type may occupy an intermediate position, while the remaining type gradually loses its sway, becoming more of a traditional symbol rather than playing an active role in managing the community.
Ошибки при проведении судебно-медицинской экспертной оценки по профилю «анестезиология-реаниматология» в уголовных делах: описание серии случаев
Authors: Нетесин Е. С. , Шаповалов К. Г. , Горбачев Владимир Ильич , Сумин С. А. , Горбачев С. В. , Ярославкин Р. А.
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: The forensic medical examination of “medical criminal cases” is the “cornerstone” on the conclusions of which the results of the trial and the further fate of our colleagues largely depend. Therefore, the medical community wants the conclusion of experts (including anesthesiologists and ICU physicians) to be completely objective, scientifically based, not biased and based not on the subjective opinion of an expert, but on specific regulatory documents. OBJECTIVE: To identify typical errors and improve the quality of expert assessment of medical care in the field of “anesthesiology-intensive care”. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of some forensic medical examinations in criminal cases with the participation of an anesthesiologist and ICU physicians part of the experts was carried out. RESULTS: As a result of the analysis of the conclusions of the forensic medical examinations under consideration, significant shortcomings were identified that could have a significant impact on the results of the consideration of criminal cases and contribute to the imposition of unjustified convictions. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to create a legal mechanism for certification of doctors of specialties to allow them as experts to conduct complex forensic medical examinations and state control over the quality of their work.
Redesain Pasar Sanggeng, Manokwari sebagai Fasilitas Umum Ramah Disabilitas
Authors: Tambahani Cezia Jenifer , Amijaya Sita Yuliastuti , Kinanthi Maria
Published: August 2024

Title: Redesign Sangeng Market, Manokwari as a Disability-Friendly Public Facility
A market is one of the public facilities that function as a fulfillment of life’s needs and is used continuously by the community, so it must meet the needs of various groups, including groups with disabilities. Sanggeng market as a public facility faces accessibility issues for its users, especially those with disabilities. Disabilities refer to temporary or permanent limitations or loss of sensory and physical mobility capabilities. The pre-design research on the Redesign of Sanggeng Market aims to identify reference standards and design guidelines, particularly for physical disabilities. The research analysis is transformed into building design. The methods employed include a literature study on disability reference and general standards, precedent-building studies, and observations of similar cases. The analysis follows four principles of accessibility, which are applied to circulation, market support facilities, kiosk planning, and stalls. The research results encompass safety principles in circulation pathways, ease of use in guiding block and signage planning, usability principles in kiosk and stall design, and principles of independence in achieving access. This redesign significantly impacts the organization and revitalization of existing zones and functions. It is expected to contribute to city planning that embraces the principles of equality for the residents of Manokwari.
Wujud Rancangan Arsitektur pada Perhelatan Pameran Instalasi Bambu Ditinjau dari Elemen Tata Atur
Authors: Wirastri Maria Vika , Nathania
Published: August 2024

Title: The Form of Architectural Design in Bamboo Installation Exhibition Examined from the Ordering Elements
In architectural practice, art installation exhibitions serve as a platform for visual communication between designers and the public, aiming to garner appreciation and achieve specific goals and objectives through the works. This study examines 18 rice field hut objects created and exhibited at the Archifarming 2023, an exhibition featuring bamboo installations designed by architectural practitioners and handed over to local farmers. Recognizing the importance of applying ordering elements in architectural design, this research explores design forms using one of the design theories, namely ordering systems, which encompass function, space, geometry, link, and enclosure. Combining observation and analysis of supporting literature, the data is processed descriptively, evaluatively, and comparatively to identify similarities and differences in each aspect. The dominant ordering element used in the Archifarming 2023 installation is geometry, and upon further research, there are interrelations between the ordering elements that are crucial to creating harmony in design. Additionally, utilizing bamboo as the primary material enhances insights into natural materials and locality aspects. These findings also offer new perspectives on architectural design development in art exhibitions, contribute to design practices, and stimulate sustainability considerations in improving the quality of bamboo installation exhibitions for architects, designers, exhibition curators, and the wider community.
Impact of electronic customer relationship management on competitive advantage: Mediating role of customer satisfaction in EgyptAir
Authors: Awad Abdelrehim , Mahmoud Muhanad
Published: August 2024

In today’s highly competitive business environment, organizations, particularly in the airline industry, are increasingly adopting electronic customer relationship management (E-CRM) to enhance customer engagement and achieve a competitive edge. This study aims to analyze the impact of E-CRM on the competitive advantage of EgyptAir, focusing on customer satisfaction as a mediating factor. Employing a descriptive and analytical methodology, the paper surveyed 355 EgyptAir customers, utilizing a structured questionnaire to gather data on E-CRM practices, customer satisfaction, and competitive advantage. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between E-CRM and competitive advantage, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.56 and a determination coefficient (R²) of 0.315, indicating that E-CRM accounts for 31.5% of the variance in competitive advantage. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that customer satisfaction significantly mediates this relationship, with E-CRM explaining 43.9% of the variance in customer satisfaction (R² = 0.439) and a direct positive impact of customer satisfaction on competitive advantage (R = 0.38, R² = 0.247). Path analysis using AMOS v.24 confirmed these findings, showing both direct and indirect effects of E-CRM on competitive advantage through customer satisfaction. The model fit indices (CFI = 0.894, RMSEA = 0.000) suggest a robust model. The study underscores the crucial role of E-CRM in fostering customer satisfaction and enhancing competitive advantage in the airline industry, providing valuable insights for airlines aiming to leverage E-CRM for sustainable success.
Acknowledgments The authors are thankful to the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at University of Bisha for supporting this work through the Fast-Track Research Support Program.
Risk stratification analysis of recurrent myocardial infarction in Indian population using inflammatory, lipid, thrombotic and extracellular matrix remodeling markers
Authors: Ritu Singh  , Sana Tasnim  , Sudhir Chandra  , P P Roshnara , Ankita  , Rajni Dawar  , Parul Goyal  , Mukesh Kumar Meena  , Jayashree Bhattacharjee  , Sanjay Tyagi
Published: August 2024

Objective: Atherosclerosis is a chronic condition characterized by impaired lipid homeostasis and chronic inflammatory pathology in large and mid-sized arteries. Myocardial infarction is caused by coronary artery thrombosis at a ruptured or unstable atherosclerotic plaque. Despite emphasis on known triggering factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, adverse events following MI such as recurrence and mortality is still high. Thus, it was imperative to assess potential determinants of plaque instability. We evaluated markers of inflammation, ECM remodelling, thrombosis and lipids in first-time and recurrent MI.
Methods: 200 cases diagnosed with MI, within first 24 hours of the event were included in the study, and categorized as first-time and recurrent MI. Serum levels of NF-κB, hs-CRP, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, VCAM-1,MMP-9, stromelysin, TIMP-1, MCP-1, PAPP-A, vWF, D-dimer, PLA2, PON-1, Apo-B, Apo-A1, ox-LDL, anti-oxidized LDL antibody were analyzed by ELISA and we performed multivariate logistic regression analysis for risk stratification.
Results: RMI patients showed significant upregulation of markers of inflammation (TNF-α, p=0.0008), endothelial adhesion (VCAM-1, p=0.037), ECM remodelling (MMP-9 (p=0.0007), PAPP-A (p=0.001)) and anti-oxidant PON-1 (p=0.004) enzyme. First-time MI patients had significantly higher IFN-γ (p=0.008) and D-dimer (p<0.0001) levels than cases of RMI. These proteomic indicators showed that risk-categorization for RMI can be determined by 0.5 as cut-off at 95% confidence interval.
Conclusion: Non-lipid factors provide substantial insights into plaque instability. Multiple markers of inflammation, thrombosis and extracellular matrix remodelling and paroxonase-1 are reliable indicators for recurrent myocardial infarction.