bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobilidade sustentável: um estudo de caso em Ibitinga- SP
Authors: Carminate Isabela de Alcantara , Gulinelli Érica Lemos
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo propõe abordar o tema mobilidade urbana como elemento influenciador para uma cidade sustentável, por meio de uma análise crítica. A cidade de Ibitinga-SP será objeto de estudo para analisar a realidade dos pontos abordados. Para a realização deste estudo foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas de alguns autores como Benini e Rosin (2016), Gehl (2013), Jacobs (2009), Júnior e Santana (c2017), Lombardo; Cardoso; Sobreira, (c2017), Pinheiro (2012), Rogers e Gumuchdjian (2001), Rosa (2000), Spósito (1996) e Vasccari e Fanini (2016), como também consulta na plataforma online da Câmara Municipal de Ibitinga-SP, do Instituto de Políticas de Transporte e Desenvolvimento, do Instituto da Mobilidade Sustentável (Ruaviva) e de trabalhos realizados pelo Ministério das cidades. Além da análise de obras correlatas e levantamento in loco do objeto de estudo. Justifica-se por haver poucos estudos ou projetos acerca do plano de mobilidade apresentado no Plano Diretor de Ibitinga-SP e pela relevância da relação entre cidade e sustentabilidade no que diz respeito à mobilidade, apresentando parâmetros gerais dos meios necessários para alcançar este objetivo. Em contrapartida, a realidade da cidade de Ibitinga-SP vem mostrar que o frágil auxílio ao pedestre, com calçadas precárias e inadequadas, pouca vegetação e a falta de organização e oferta de transporte público gera um aumento do uso de veículos particulares, e consequentemente, congestionamento e poluição. Este estudo não esgota o assunto e servirá como material para futuros trabalhos nesta área.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mobilidade. Sustentabilidade. Ibitinga-SP.
Resistências Urbanas: A ação tática como insurgência e sua presença no território periférico de São Paulo.
Authors: Carvalho Liliane Katita , Imbronito Maria Isabel , Maziviero Maria Carolina
Published: August 2019

A ação tática é uma ferramenta que se desdobra a partir de atividades voluntárias desenvolvidas coletivamente, que interfere na maneira de viver e apropriar-se da cidade. Comumente discute-se sobre as ações táticas e/ou insurgentes desenvolvidas nas regiões centrais das grandes cidades. No entanto, este artigo busca investigar como ocorre a organização dessas ações no território periférico utilizando como estudo de caso o distrito de São Mateus localizado no município de São Paulo. A partir do panorama das resistências urbanas e da construção histórica do distrito, observa-se a articulação das ações ali desenvolvidas como uma rede tática, transformando o território em um lugar de experimentação e resistência em diversas frentes. Tem-se como princípio o fortalecimento dos grupos autogeridos conhecidos por ‘coletivos urbanos’, que estabelecem uma potente discussão que relaciona a ação civil e a construção da cidade como formas de enfrentamento aos processos de desenvolvimento neoliberal. A partir desta análise, o trabalho propõe compreender a ação coletiva como elemento tático do Distrito de São Mateus, demonstrando seu potencial na transformação do território a curto e longo prazo, na expansão da produção do comum, e por consequência na construção de novas formas de planejar e gerir o espaço urbano.
Análise das fraturas e a proposição de próteses urbanas: os desafios para as pequenas cidades
Authors: Binello Júlia Sartori , Maculan Laércio Stolfo
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do trabalho é desenvolver um estudos morfológico que contemple a análise das fraturas e a proposição de diferentes tipologias de próteses para o tecido urbano de Constantina-RS. O município está localizado no norte do Estado do Rio Grande de Sul, conta atualmente menos de 10.000 habitantes. Para elaboração do estudo foram propostos os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: foi realizada uma análise na escala intraurbana (Edifícios e vias principais, evolução urbana e suporte físico), posteriormente formam classificadas as fraturas presentes no tecido urbano. E na última etapa foram propostas tipologias de próteses urbanas. A implantação de um equipamento público, neste caso uma escola de educação infantil, mostra-se eficiente para engendrar vitalidade urbana às fraturas. As próteses voltadas a mobilidade como pontes e escadarias têm a capacidade de melhorar o fluxo na escala do bairro e de contribui para a diminuição dos efeitos da segregação socioespacial na escala da cidade.
Narrativas Urbanas: Centros Antigos e Sociedade Civil. Os Casos de Portimão e Loulé, Algarve, Portugal
Authors: Caetano Lucinda Oliveira , Crespo José , Paraízo Rodrigo Cury
Published: August 2019

Trata o presente trabalho da narrativa territorial e temporal comparativa de duas cidades - Portimão e Loulé – na sua relação com a região onde estão inseridas, a do Algarve. A função e a topografia que presidiram aos assentamentos humanos no Algarve – região sul de Portugal – determinaram uma ocupação do território em duas linhas paralelas, uma junto ao mar – cidades ribeirinhas – e outra mais interior – cidades colinas – tendo sofrido mudanças temporais distintas, apresentando atualmente especificidades próprias. Nesse contexto, os centros urbanos antigos, repositórios de identidades e memórias coletivas, são o laboratório urbano ideal para a análise dessas distinções e das mutações culturais e humanas que a materialização das diferentes políticas urbanas determinou. Nesta narrativa urbana do tempo longo, tentaremos perceber em que medida as populações se foram moldando; as cidades foram ganhando ou perdendo vitalidade; e as populações se foram identificando ou não com o sítio. Para corroborar ou refutar as conclusões retiradas da análise histórico-cultural, no que concerne ao sentimento de pertença das populações, recorre-se a inquéritos por questionário, realizados nas duas cidades, selecionando qualitativamente alguns atores-chave dessas sociedades. Os resultados desta sub-investigação demonstram que quanto mais aceleradas são as mudanças e quanto menor for o envolvimento das populações nas políticas urbanas, mais “anônimos” se tornam os centros antigos e menos identificação existe com as populações locais.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Narrativas urbanas, centros antigos, sociedade civil
A Sustentabilidade do Programa de Parceria Público-Privada para Habitação Social no Centro Histórico de São Paulo: Análise Dialógica
Authors: Silva Marcos Felipe Alves da , Salcedo Rosio Fernández Baca
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo verificar a Sustentabilidade do Programa de Parceria Público-Privada (PPP) da Agência Casa Paulista para Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS) e Habitação de Mercado Popular (HMP) na ambiência do centro histórico da cidade de São Paulo, segundo os critérios de: viabilidade urbana, agentes envolvidos, beneficiários, órgãos e condições de financiamento, tipologias de habitação, período de atuação, participação de movimentos sociais, normativas e resoluções e categorias dialógicas do projeto de HIS do Residencial São Caetano (estudo de caso). Utiliza-se o Método Dialógico com a fundamentação teórica e filosófica de Bakhtin, Ricoeur, Muntañola e Zúquete, que relacionam o Texto, ou o Programa PPP Habitacional, com seu Contexto: a ambiência do centro histórico de São Paulo. Resultados: o Programa PPP é sustentável apenas com relação a localização dos empreendimentos, oferta de equipamentos coletivos e movimentos sociais. Não é sustentável principalmente pelas áreas reduzidas das tipologias de habitação, os requisitos de financiamento e projetos de arquitetura não dialógicos com seu contexto. A pesquisa contribui para estudos sobre as Public–Private Partnerships (PPPs) de políticas, planos e programas de recuperação de áreas centrais e produção de habitação social em contextos históricos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Habitação social. Centro histórico. Parceria Público-Privada.
Certificações de qualidade em usinas de cana-de-açúcar
Authors: Ferracini Maria José Floriano , Vazquez Gisele Herbst
Published: August 2019

Uma empresa para ser sustentável necessita primeiro ter a consciência de que seu processo de produção causa impactos ao meio ambiente. Posteriormente, deve procurar alternativas, como a implantação de políticas ambientais, projetos e certificações de acordo com o seu ramo de atividade. E por fim, ter a capacidade de medir adequadamente a sustentabilidade empresarial, considerando políticas mais específicas de acordo com as leis, mercado e meio ambiente, obtendo selos e demostrando que possui responsabilidade ambiental. O objetivo nesta pesquisa foi elaborar um levantamento referente as certificações de qualidade adotadas nos maiores grupos sucroenergéticos brasileiros, ou seja, os grupos Raízen, Odebrechet, Biosev, Guarani, São Martinho, Usaçucar, Alto Alegre e Coruripe. Concluiu-se que a qualidade é preocupação essencial no setor sucroenergético. A internacionalização, decorrente da globalização, fez com que as empresas focassem esforços para adquirir certificações que autentiquem e garantam a qualidade de seus produtos e a inserção em novos mercados. Vinte e uma certificações foram apresentadas: três relacionadas à sustentabilidade e ao gerenciamento ambiental, uma à gestão de qualidade na empresa, uma à saúde dos trabalhadores, três à segurança alimentar, duas a dietas de comunidades religiosas, três à segurança e à precisão dos laboratórios, um prêmio de agroenergia e meio ambiente, um selo de energia limpa, além de seis certificações para exportação de biocombustíveis para os EUA e União Europeia.

Palavras-chave: sustentabilidade, setor sucroenergético, selo ambiental
Programa de inclusão da polpa do fruto da palmeira juçara na merenda escolar de Caraguatatuba/SP
Authors: Costa Valéria Ferreira Macedo , Vazquez Gisele Herbst
Published: August 2019

A juçara, Euterpe edulis, é uma palmeira típica da Mata Atlântica, ocupando vasta extensão territorial brasileira. Produz palmito de excelente qualidade, que para a sua exploração leva a planta a morte. Atualmente, a espécie encontra-se ameaçada de extinção devido a extração indiscriminada e ilegal do palmito aliada a perda dos agentes dispersores de suas sementes, como algumas aves frugívoras. A juçara vem sendo utilizada na merenda escolar de alguns municípios brasileiros atendendo ao artigo 14 da Lei nº 11.947/2009, onde do total de recursos financeiros repassados no âmbito do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE), 30% devem ser utilizados na aquisição de gêneros alimentícios, diretamente da agricultura familiar. Assim, o objetivo deste projeto foi incentivar o uso do fruto da polpa da palmeira juçara na merenda escolar em Caraguatatuba/SP. Para tanto, várias atividades foram realizadas em 2015: apresentação das qualidades nutricionais da polpa às nutricionistas, testes de aceitabilidade na Secretaria de Educação e em uma escola municipal, uma cartilha didática para colorir, aulas em powerpoint para distribuição na rede de ensino e o plantio de uma muda. Quanto aos testes, o suco de juçara foi 100% aceito pelos adultos e por 92% dos alunos, atingindo o porcentual de aceitação mínimo exigido pelo PNAE de 85%. Por fim, vencidas as dificuldades burocráticas, o suco da polpa do fruto de juçara será inserido na merenda escolar de Caraguatatuba/SP, tendo sido efetuada em março de 2019 uma compra de 6000 kg.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sustentabilidade, extrativismo, Mata Atlântica.
Simple calibration method for motion capture systems v1
Authors: Nagymáté Gergely , not provided TamásTuchband , M.Kiss Rita
Published: August 2019

Motion capture systems are widely used to measure human kinematics. Nevertheless, users must consider system errors when evaluating their results. Most validation techniques for these systems are based on relative distance and displacement measurements of markers. A scale type error is when the coordinates in the virtual space is up or downscaled compared to the real space. A scale type error results in coordinate deviation from the ground truth, linear to the distance from the origin of the OMC coordinate system. Very small (submillimetric) deviation of the marker distances on the motion capture calibration wand can introduce several millimeters of scaling errors in large measurement volumes. The protocol introduces a simply and feasible accuracy compensation method using calibrated tape measure measurement of large marker distances, which resulted in similar scaling compensation compared to advanced engineering surveying based method or direct calibration wand size compensation by a high precision 3D scanner. The presented validation methods can be less precise in some respects as compared to previous techniques, but they address an error type, which has not been and cannot be studied with the previous motion capture system validation methods.
Zona pellucida removal using Acid Tyrode solution and snap freezing v1
Authors: Jannaman Elizabeth , J Hansen Peter
Published: August 2019

A simple protocol to remove the zona pellucida from bovine embryos. This is a necessary step before freezing embryos for analysis of RNA or DNA because of contaminating cumulus and sperm cells associaed with the zona pellucida.
PCR-based assay for genotyping of the slick mutation in cattle v1
Authors: Jannaman Elizabeth , Sofia Ortega M. , S. Sonstegard Tad , J Hansen Peter
Published: August 2019

Several mutations exist in the prolactin receptor gene (PRLR) of cattle that cause a short, sleek hair coat.. The mutation is dominant so slick-haired cattle can have either one or two copies of the mutation. The assay described here detects the most-well studied mutation (SLICK1) that causes translation of a truncated PRLR of 461 amino acids. Originally described in Senepol cattle, this mutation has also been introduced into Holsteins in Puerto Rico, Florida and elsewhere. Note that the assay will not detect other mutations in PRLR that also cause the slick phenotype.
Between a “Heavenly” Life and an “Earthly” Life: Jurisprudence of the Court of the EAEU from 2012–2019
Authors: Tolstykh Vladislav
Published: August 2019

In 2012, a new jurisdictional body – the Court of the Eurasian Economic Community – began to operate in post-Soviet space. During the almost seven years of activity, from September 2012 to May 2019, the Court primarily dealt with appeals of economic entities who challenged acts of the Eurasian Economic Commission, as well as requests from Member States and the Commission for interpretations of international treaties. On one hand, the decisions of the Court meet basic international standards and contain certain answers to the questions submitted to the Court. On the other hand, they do not draw detailed arguments and clear conclusions and sometimes reflect the Court’s predisposition towards the Commission and Member States. As a result, they successfully perform the task of resolving specific disputes, but do not perform (at least effectively) the general task of strengthening the rule of law of the EAEU. The Court did not formulate major concepts that complement and enrich the law of the EAEU. The author substantiates this conclusion and analyzes the Court use of sources of law and evidence; its participation in judicial dialogue; its technique of argumentation; linguistic features of its decisions; procedural and substantive problems faced by the Court, and options for their solution; the practice of presenting separate opinions; legal concepts formulated by the Court, and its overall influence on the development of EAEU law. The ineffective resolution of problems faced by the Court are attributable to subjective and objective reasons – shortcomings of applicable acts, the Court’s isolation from Russian doctrine, the Court’s focus on an internal model of legal proceedings, mistrust on the part of Member States, failure of the Court organizational structure to conform to international standards, and the vertical nature of the EAEU. If these factors are not overcome, and the Court does not change its conduct, it risks becoming a decorative body engaged in explaining provisions that are clear (and will repeat the sad fate of the CIS Economic Court). This prospect is discouraging.
Legal Regulation of Public-Private Partnership in Russia and Other Countries of the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Lisitsa Valeriy , Moroz Svetlana
Published: August 2019

This article examines comparatively legislation on the public-private partnership in the countries of Eurasian Economic Union and the relationship with Model Law “On Public-Private Partnership” adopted within the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States. It is argued that the national acts of such countries could be improved and harmonized by developing their categorial apparatus and the extension of permissive regulation of public-private partnership. The legal qualification of an agreement on public-private partnership and other investment contracts with the participation of the State stipulated in other laws is also examined. It is concluded that such agreements comprise not only private, but also public law elements and might be regulated in special legislation containing rules of civil and public law on the basis of balancing private and public interests in public-private partnership.
Katmanlı Program®: İlkeler, Planlama, Uygulama ve Değerlendirme
Authors: NUNLEY Kathie F. , EVİN GENCEL İlke
Published: August 2019

Nunley tarafından geliştirilen katmanlı program ile öğrenciler bireysel farklılıklarını, yeteneklerini ve güçlü yönlerini öğrenme ortamına yansıtma fırsatı bulmaktadır. Katmanlı programda aynı öğrenme kazanımı için görev seçenekleri kolaydan zora, aşamalı biçimde ilerleme olanağı sağlayarak üst düzey özellikleri kazandırmaya yönelik biçimde öğrencilere sunulmaktadır. Böylelikle her öğrenci, aynı öğrenme amacına kendi ilgi ve yetenekleri doğrultusunda farklı yollardan ilerleyebilmektedir. Öğrenen özerkliğini destekleyen basamaklı öğretim programı, anlama sürecine odaklanmakta ve otantik öğrenme ortamı sunmaktadır. Mevcut öğretim programını üç katmana ayırarak farklılaştırılmış öğretimle üst düzey düşünme becerilerini öğrenenen sorumluluğunda geliştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu çalışmada, katmanlı programın temelleri ve dayandığı ilkeler, planlama, uygulama ve değerlendirme aşamaları sunulmakta, yapılandırmacı eğitim anlayışının uygulanmasında alternatif bir yol olarak katmanlı programın tasarlanmasında dikkat edilmesi gerekenler hakkında bilgi verilmektedir.
Students First: The Need for Adoption of Education and Incentive-Based Sport Agent Policies by NCAA Division I FBS Member Institutions
Authors: Jessop Alicia
Published: August 2019

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (“FBI”) and U.S. Attorney’s Office’s investigation into National Collegiate Athletic Association (“NCAA”) Division I men’s basketball revealed allegations of NCAA Division I men’s basketball coaches accepting money from sport agents to persuade NCAA Division I men’s basketball players to become clients of said sport agents. This investigation highlights the pervasiveness of violations of preexisting laws governing sport agents, namely, the Uniform Athlete Agents Act (the “UAAA”) and Sport Agent Responsibility and Trust Act (“SPARTA”). Despite the believed routine violation of the UAAA and SPARTA in the recruitment of NCAA student-athletes as clients by sport agents, the laws are rarely used to prosecute sport agents. Thus, the investigation into NCAA Division I men’s basketball highlights the need for new mechanisms to safeguard the rights and interests of NCAA student-athletes related to sport agents. This paper analyzes the efficacy of existing legal and NCAA mechanisms regulating sport agents and presents a thematic analysis of NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (“FBS”) member institutions’ sport agent policies to highlight the need for and present a model NCAA Division I FBS member institution sport agent policy and education model.
Morbidity and mortality pattern among babies admitted in special newborn care unit, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Chintha Lakshmi Prasanna , Bollipo Suneetha , Gottumukkala Ravi Prabhu , Palepu Sathya Prakash
Published: August 2019

Background: India contributes to 25% of neonatal mortality around the world. In developing countries neonatal mortality is quite high despite of advances in perinatal and neonatal care. The establishment of Special Newborn Care Units (SNCU) has been quite essential in reducing the neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to assess the outcome of SNCU at a newly commissioned tertiary care teaching hospital at Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh. Aim of this study the morbidity and mortality patterns in an SNCU at tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: It was a Retrospective, Hospital based, Descriptive study which was done among neonates admitted to SNCU, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh for a period of 1 year (January 2015-December 2015). All the neonates admitted to SNCU, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh during the study period were included in the study. Data was recorded in a predesigned semi-structured proforma. the data was entered into excel-sheet and analyzed using SPSS software version 21.Results: A total of 1015 babies were included in the study. Almost half 592(58.32%) were born in this hospital(inborn) and 423(41.67%) babies were referred from peripheral hospitals and nursing homes (out born). about 3/4th 767(75.5%) of babies were admitted in the first 24 hours of life. Almost half (53.4%) of the study group were male and 46.6% were female. The chief causes of admission in SNCU were Respiratory Distress Syndrome (40.2%) followed by birth asphyxia (19.1%), sepsis (13.3%), Neonatal Jaundice (9.9%) and prematurity (6.6%). In our study 63.0% patients were discharged, 19.3% had left hospital against medical advice, 10.1% died and 7.6% were referred to other institutions for specialized treatment.Conclusion: Respiratory Distress Syndrome, neonatal sepsis, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and HIE as the major causes of morbidity. Low Birth Weight and prematurity were the commonest contributors of death, therefore, attempts to prolong the pregnancy each week might improve the neonatal outcome considerably.
Effect of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG Lasers on Ceramic Bracket Debonding from Composite Blocks
Authors: Mirhashemi Amir Hossein , Hossaini Seyed Mohammad Hashem , Etemadi Ardavan , Kharazifard Mohammad Javad , Bahador Abolghasem , Soudi Armin
Published: August 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) and erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) lasers on the shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic brackets debonding from the surface of composite blocks.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-six composite blocks were fabricated using Filtek Z250 light-cure composite. Block surfaces were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 30 seconds and then rinsed with water for 20 seconds and dried. Maxillary right central incisor ceramic orthodontic brackets were bonded to the surfaces of composite blocks using Transbond XT adhesive and were cured for 40 seconds. Twelve samples were irradiated with Er:YAG laser, while 12 samples were irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and the brackets were then debonded using a universal testing machine. Twelve samples served as controls (debonding using the universal testing machine without using a laser). The adhesive remnant index (ARI) score and bracket or composite cracks were evaluated under a stereomicroscope. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the comparison of the three groups. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the ARI scores.
Results: The mean SBS was 17.01±5.22 MPa with Er:YAG laser, 18.03±6.46 MPa with Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and 16.61±6.73 MPa in the control group; the difference of the three groups was not significant (P=0.835). The difference in the ARI scores and enamel and composite cracks was not significant either (P>0.05).
Conclusion: This study did not show any reduction in the bond strength of ceramic bracket to composite blocks after Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation.
Antimicrobial Effect of Different Sizes of Nano Zinc Oxide on Oral Microorganisms
Authors: Mirhosseini Fatemeh , Amiri Motahareh , Daneshkazemi Alireza , Zandi Hengameh , Javadi Zoleikha Sadat
Published: August 2019

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of various sizes and concentrations of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Lactobacillus fermentum (L. fermentum), and Candida albicans (C. albicans).
Materials and Methods: Solutions at the concentration of 10 µg/ml were prepared using 20-nm, 40-nm, and 140-nm nano ZnO (nZnO) powder. The antimicrobial     effect of nZnO was determined using the disk diffusion method. The inhibition       zone (mm) was measured using a ruler. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni correction. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of nZnO were      determined using the broth microdilution method in Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) for S. mutans and E. faecalis, De Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) agar, and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA).
Results: The greatest inhibition zones were observed against S. mutans with 20-nm and 40-nm nZnO, while 140-nm nZnO formed the greatest inhibition zones against S. mutans and E. faecalis. The smallest inhibition zones were observed against C. albicans with the three nZnO particle sizes. The MICs for C. albicans with 40-nm and 140-nm particles and for L. fermentum with 140-nm particles were higher than 10 µg/ml. A significant correlation was found between the particle size and the antibacterial activity against S. mutans (P=0.00), L. fermentum, and E. faecalis (P<0.02).  
Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of nZnO increases with decreasing the particle size. The greatest antimicrobial effect was observed against S. mutans and E. faecalis. S. mutans is more sensitive to the changes in the particle size compared to other bacteria.
Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil Obtained from the Seed and Oleo-Gum-Resin of Ferula assa-foetida Against Oral Pathogens
Authors: Daneshkazemi Alireza , Zandi Hengameh , Davari Abdolrahim , Vakili Mahmood , Emtiazi Majid , Lotfi Reza , Masoumi Seyed Mohammad Reza
Published: August 2019

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil obtained from oleo-gum-resin and seeds of Ferula assa-foetida.
Materials and Methods: Ferula assa-foetida plants were collected from Tabas, Yazd Province, Iran, during summer 2017. Then, essential oils were obtained from its seeds and oleo-gum-resin using hydrodistillation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) test was performed to determine the contents of the essential oils. Four different concentrations of each oil were prepared (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml), and the antimicrobial activity of each dose against four oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS 17 software.
Results: The GC-MS findings exhibited that the main compounds found in essential oils yielded from the seeds and oleo gum resin were (Z) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide and (E) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide. Ferula assa-foetida plant showed a significant antimicrobial effect (P<0.05). The essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin had significantly stronger antibacterial properties compared to the essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida seeds (P<0.001). Both essential oils showed antibacterial properties similar to that of Chlorhexidine. The growth inhibition zone was significantly dependent on the essential oil concentration for all bacteria (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Our study revealed that essential oils from seeds and oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa-foetida have antimicrobial properties. More laboratory studies are required to reach a definitive conclusion.
Effects of Amoxicillin on the Structure and Mineralization of Dental Enamel and Dentin in Wistar Rats
Authors: Kameli Somayeh , Moradi-Kor Nasrollah , Tafaroji Raha , Ghorbani Raheb , Farzadmnesh Hamed , Sameni Hamidreza
Published: August 2019

Objectives: The development of teeth is affected by genetic and environmental factors. Amoxicillin is a widely prescribed semi-synthetic antibiotic. Its most frequent side effects are gastrointestinal disorders and hypersensitivity reactions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect produced by amoxicillin administration on dental enamel and dentin in Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: Twelve pregnant adult Wistar rats were equally divided into four different groups. Negative controls were prescribed with a saline solution. Positive controls were prescribed with tetracycline (130 mg/kg). The other two groups were treated with amoxicillin doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg (every 8 hours), respectively. The treatments were daily administered by oral gavage from the 13th gestation day to the end of gestation. After birth, the offspring also received the same treatment as their mothers from day one to day twelve. After 24 hours, the newborns were sacrificed, the jaws were dissected, and the first molar teeth were collected. The samples were fixed in 10% for­maldehyde solution and were histomorphologically and histopathologically observed to determine enamel and dentin abnormalities.
Results: The mean ameloblastic layer thickness, enamel thickness, odontoblastic layer thickness, and dentin thickness were significantly different in the tetracycline group and the amoxicillin 50 and 100 mg/kg groups compared to the control group. Also, dentin hypomineralization and vacuolization of the odontoblastic layer were observed in the tetracycline- and amoxicillin- treated groups.
Conclusion: This study showed that amoxicillin interferes with amelogenesis and dentinogenesis and reduces enamel and dentin thickness.
Effect of Mechanical Load Cycling on Microleakage of Restorative Glass Ionomers Compared to Flowable Composite Resin in Class V Cavities
Authors: Hasani Zahra , Khodadadi Effat , Ezoji Fariba , Khafri Soraya
Published: August 2019

Objectives: Microleakage is the most important factor responsible for the destruction of restoration margins. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of mechanical load cycling on microleakage of four types of glass ionomer cement (GIC) in comparison with a flowable composite resin.
Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro experimental study, 100 Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 50 intact premolars. The prepared cavities were divided into five groups of (A) Z350, (B) Equia Forte, (C) encapsulated Fuji II LC, (D) hand-mixed Fuji II LC, and (E) Ketac Molar. All the samples were thermocycled (×2,000, 5-55°C), and half of the samples in each group were load cycled. All the teeth were then immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsine for 24 hours, sectioned, and observed under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney-U tests. Comparison between the incisal and gingival microleakage was made with Wilcoxon test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Load cycling and type of restorative material had a significant effect on microleakage. Gingival microleakage was significantly higher than occlusal microleakage with Equia Forte, encapsulated Fuji II LC, hand-mixed Fuji II LC, and Ketac Molar in the absence of loading, and with Z350 after loading.
Conclusion: The sealing ability of Z350 under load cycling was better than that of Equia Forte, hand-mixed Fuji II LC, and Ketac Molar. The marginal integrity of encapsulated Fuji II LC was not significantly different than that of Z350.
A Case Report of a Gingival Plasma Cell Granuloma in a Patient on Antihypertensive Therapy: Diagnostic Enigma
Authors: Gulati Ruchi , Ratre Madhu Singh , Khetarpal Shaleen , Varma Manish
Published: August 2019

The aim of the present report was to discuss a unique case of gingival plasma cell granuloma (PCG) in a hypertensive patient on Amlodipine therapy. Also, we attempt to emphasize the importance of considering primary and advance investigations before making a definite diagnosis. PCG is an extremely rare, reactive, non-neoplastic lesion characterized by the predominance of polyclonal plasma cells. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is a known side effect of Amlodipine. A hypertensive 60-year-old female patient reported with a chief complaint of swollen gums and discomfort in the upper front teeth region. A provisional diagnosis of Amlodipine-induced gingival overgrowth, combined gingival overgrowth, and fibroma was suggested. Surprisingly, histopathology revealed it to be a plasma cell lesion which was confirmed by advanced investigations, thereby establishing a confirmatory diagnosis of PCG
Modified Tray with Mesh Design for the Management of Flabby Ridge: A Case Report
Authors: Srivastava Sudhanshu , Mishra Sumit , Chopra Devendra
Published: August 2019

Flabby ridge is an excessive movable fibrous tissue, usually affecting the maxillary and mandibular edentulous ridges. It is a typical finding frequently observed in the maxillary anterior region. It usually occurs when natural teeth oppose an edentulous ridge or in long-term denture wearers. The management of flabby ridges includes surgical intervention, implant-retained prostheses, and conventional dentures fabricated using the modified impression technique. This case report depicts a modified technique with the utilization of an aluminum mesh double tray and polyvinylsiloxane impression material for the management of a flabby ridge in the maxillary arch.
Evaluation of location and dimensions of genial tubercle in patients with class I and II occlusion with cone bean computed tomography images
Authors: Ezoddini-Ardakani Fateme , Yasaei Soghra , Sarikhani khoram Khalil , RouhiNejad Nasim
Published: August 2019

Introdution: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome has potentially significant physiological and psychological consequences. The main method to control the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is surgical advancement of genioglossus muscle (GA) or genial tubercle (GTA). Therefore, for pre-operation arrangements, surgeons definitely need to know the exact location of genial tubercle and the muscles attached to it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the location and dimensions of genial tubercle in the patients with class I and II occlusion with cone bean computed tomography (CBCT).
Methods:In this descriptive cross-sectional study, cone bean computed tomographyimages of 152 adults (76 males and 76 females) with class I and II occlusion were inspected and the location and dimensions of genial tubercle (Height =GTH / Width=GTW / the distance between the apices of central teeth and the Superior border of genial tubercle=LI-SGT / the distance between the inferior border of genial tubercle and the inferior border of mandible= IGT-IBM / the anterior diameter of mandible = MT) were evaluated. Patients were classified based on their gender and occlusion type.Independent Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used for data analysis and thedata analyzed using SPSS16 software.
Results:In all the groups, GTH was located near GTW. The measured data for GTH, GTW, LI-SGT, IGT-IBM and MT were 8.6-06 .57 mm, 8.6-19.47 mm, 7.6-13.56 mm, 8.7-47.40 mm, and 14.11-57.78 mm, respectively. No significant difference was indicated for GTW and LI-SGT based on malocclusion and for LI-SGT based on gender (P>0.05).
Conclusion:Various locations and different size of this structure among patients imply that it is necessary for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea to obtain a CBCT image before surgical operation
Probiotic properties of lactobacillus isolated from traditional milk and yoghurt of Babol and their antimicrobial effects against Salmonella enteritidis H7
Authors: Soltanmoradi Hossein , Davoodabadi Abolfazl , Zare Mirzaei Elnaze
Published: August 2019

Introdution: Today, probiotics are known to be effective in preventing the spread of many infectious diseases. Probiotic are living microorganisms that will be beneficial for the health of the host when used in adequate amounts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the probiotic properties of Lactobacillus isolated from traditional milk and yogurt.
Methods: Probiotic properties of five Lactobacillus strains isolated from traditional milk and yoghurt of Babol including L. plantarum M19-1, L. paralimentarius M4-3, L. paracasei M18-1, L. paracasei Y8-1, L.paracasei Y1-3 and L. fermentum Y2-2 were studied. The inhibitory effect of these strains against Salmonella enteritidis H7 was measured. These strains also investigated for antibiotic susceptibility, resistance to acidic conditions, resistance to bile salts, and hemolysis.
Results: The highest inhibitory effect was observed by Y1-3 strain with a mean diameter of 14 mm. In acid tolerance test at pH 2.5, M18-1 strain had the highest resistance, which its colonies were countable after three hours. Strains M19-1 showed the highest resistance to bile (MRS broth contains 0.3% bile) with Cinh 0.26. None of the strains had hemolysis activity.
Conclusion: Lactobacillus strains with good inhibitory effects against Salmonella enteritidis could be isolated from milk and yogurt, which can be used as a probiotic candidate for the prevention or treatment of this bacterial infection, but further studies are needed.
Empowerment-based interventions in people with multiple sclerosis: a review study
Authors: Saadat Sajjad , Kalantari Mehrdad , Bagher Kajbaf Mohammad , Osseininezhad Mozaffar
Published: August 2019

Introdution: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease in the nervous system; It has many problems due to its chronic and promising nature. The treatment of this disease includes medical care and empowerment interventions for symptom management. The purpose of this study was to review the empowerment interventions in these patients.
Methods: This study was conducted in a Systematic Reviewperiod from January 2000 to June 2018. On indexing sites “Magiran, PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct” searched the key words of Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Disease, Quality of Life, Self-care, Self-management, Rehabilitation, Empowerment, Psychotherapy, Psychological interventions, Clinical Trials, and Randomized Clinical Trial. Out of 1855 articles found, 33 articles were selected for review.
Results: The results of this study showed that empowerment interventions in people with MS can be divided into four categories of self-care, self-management, rehabilitation and psychotherapy interventions. Lack of attention to empowerment interventions in people with MS, especially in the Iran, low attention to male patients in implementing interventions, failure to consider the theoretical framework in the formulation of interventions, lack of follow-up test and non-use of virtual intervention methods (Such as using DVDs, consulting and telephone training, etc.) in Iranian studies, is one of the most respected points in previous studies.
Conclusion: Empowerment studies have provided significant results in reducing symptoms and improving the quality of life of patients, which can help improve these interventions by considering some of the points.
Study of the Compton scattering effect of soft tissue in PET imaging by Monte Carlo method
Authors: Araste Narges , TavakoliAnbaran Hossein
Published: August 2019

Introduction:In PET imaging, one or both of two annihilation photons may change the direction before reaching the detector due to Compton scattering interaction in body.
.Methods:This article, a Monte Carlo simulation study, examined the effect of soft tissue on this error.In this work, the PET BiographTM 6 scanner, a simple geometry of soft tissue -including a sphere of soft tissue in center of PET ringwith various radii (from 0.5 to 30cm)- and two kinds of 511keV gamma source –point source and spherical source - were simulated by Monte Carlo MCNPX code to investigate scattering effect of soft tissue on PET imaging.
Results:Analysis of the results of the simulation showed that, the majority scattered photons fell within the energy window without much loss of energy. Soft tissue around the point source at a distance of 8 to 12cm from the source and soft tissue around the spherical source at a distance of 8cm from the center had the most scattering effect in PET imaging. The scattering effect of soft tissue around the point source was more than the spherical source.
Conclusion:The scattering effect of the adjacent organs is more than the non-adjacent organs.For high thicknessof soft tissue (more than20cm of radius), the attenuation effect is as obvious as the scattering effect. According to the results of this study, the patient's body thickness -in the abdominal region-could be a more accurate alternative for the patient's weight for increasing the injected dose into obese patients.
Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy and hope therapy on quality of life, life expectancy and resiliency in patients with thalassemia
Authors: Kiani Jamileh , Hajiuni AliReza , Gholizadeh Fatemeh , Abbasi Farhad
Published: August 2019

Introdution: The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy and hope therapy on quality of life, life expectancy, resiliency in patients with thalassemia who went to Bushehr Thalassemia Therapy Center in 2017.
Methods: The study was experimental and census was used. It consisted of 21 patients with thalassemia in Bushehr province who were randomly divided into two experimental groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and hope therapy and one control group. To conduct the research, World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, Life Expectancy Questionnaire by Schneider and Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale were used. All the patients completed the questionnaires before and after the intervention. In order to analyze data, analysis of covariance was performed.
Results: In the therapy group, the majority of the patients were female, single and held a bachelor's degree. Similarly, in the control group, the highest proportion belonged to females and married patients, whereas a minority held a bachelor's degree. Compared with the control group, the findings of analysis of covariance revealed that both cognitive-behavioral therapy and hope therapy were significantly effective (p-value<0.05). Cognitive-behavioral therapy significantly increased quality of life, life expectancy and resiliency (37%), (14%) and (20%), respectively. Also, hope therapy significantly increased quality of life, life expectancy and resiliency (98%), (29%) and (11%), respectively. The findings showed that hope therapy was more effective than cognitive-behavioral therapy in increasing quality of life, life expectancy and resiliency.
Conclusion: The results indicated that cognitive-behavioral therapy and hope therapy were effective in enhancing the quality of life, life expectancy and resiliency in the patients with thalassemia. Hence, considering psychological interventions, in addition to physical therapies, is of particular importance.
Evaluating Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of General Dentists in Yazd about Fissure Sealant in 1396
Authors: Halvani Niloofar , Bahrololoomi Zahra , Sarchami Ali , Zarebidoki Fatemeh
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Fissure sealant is one of the most important and effective preventing techniques. Having proper information and guidelines is the most important factors for the success of treatment. Therefore, in this study, the knowledge, attitude and practice of general dentists about fissure sealant in Yazd in 2017 were evaluated.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by a questionnaire in which 140 general dentists were investigated in Yazd. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information, 9 questions about awareness of the issue of Fissure sealant, 4 questions about people's attitude and 7 questions about their practice. After gathering the data, they were analyzed by SPSS 20 version 18 software and ANOVA test.
Results: The results of the study showed that the majority of General dentists had a good knowledge (85.72%), their attitude level (77.14%) and performance (85%) were moderate. There was a significant difference in knowledge (P-value = 0.004) and practice (P-value = 0.000) levels in age group and work experience, but there was no significant difference in attitude level (P-value = 0.980).
Conclusion: According to the results, the knowledge of dentists in Yazd seems to be good in most cases, but their attitudes and practice are moderate and in some cases poor, despite having good knowledge, the results indicate that they are not up to date with new information and resources. This indicates the need to train new resources in retraining courses with emphasis on functional weaknesses and dentists' awareness.
CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF HOSPITALITY SERVICES IN JCI ACCREDITED HOSPITALS AT DELHI – NCR: AN EXPLORATORY RESEARCH ON GROWTH OF MEDICAL TOURISM
Authors: Shukla Rajnish , Singh Dr. Malini , Saxena Dr. Sanjeev Kr.
Published: August 2019

Purpose: This research focuses on understanding the consumer perception and scope of hospitality services provided to patients and their attendants, getting admitted for treatment at internationally accredited multispecialty hospitals. The study also gives insights into the relation among these service elements and their role in the overall satisfaction of patients coming to Delhi NCR as a medical tourist.

Methodology: Literature review and interviews with hospital staff, involved as service providers, to find the hospitality services and facilities provided to patients coming to Delhi NCR as a medical tourist. The study adopted survey through questionnaire method to collect primary data, which is analysed through SPSS to study the perceptions of patients/attendants and its relationship with overall patient satisfaction.

Main Findings: This research finds that the majority of the JCI accredited hospitals in Delhi-NCR, show fairly good focus on patient care and hospitality centric service style was in place. Hospitality aspects are considered as an opportunity to enhance service excellence and the same is supported by management to bring better patient satisfaction. However, the research found some neglected desires of patients and few areas of poor service delivery.

Applications: Hospitals benefiting with medical tourism where attention to nonclinical services is magnified due to a higher expectation of the guest, will benefit from this research. This research would be valuable to healthcare organizations in doing their best to achieve greater patient’s satisfaction, which will improve our image as a destination for Medical Value Travel. 

Novelty/Originality: This study explores hospitality services and their relative importance in patient satisfaction. This study describes higher patient satisfaction as an outcome of excellence in non-clinical services. The research outcome is based on primary data and offers a first-hand view of patients perceived hospitality service quality and its constituents.