bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conspicuous female plumage is common among open cup-nesting passerine birds
Authors: McEntee Jay , Zelazny Zoe , Burleigh Gordon
Published: January 2022

Alfred Russel Wallace hypothesized that the use of cavity or dome nests releases incubating birds from predation risk, and that this allows the evolution of conspicuous coloration in females. By this hypothesis, females that use open nests are subject to strong selection for crypsis. Here, we test the validity of Wallace’s proposed evolutionary correlation between nest type and conspicuous coloration in females across the largest avian radiation, the Passeriformes, using phylogenetic comparative methods. We also test an alternate hypothesis that cavity-nesting results in greater conspicuousness because competition for cavities is stronger than for other nest sites, and such competition can drive social selection on female plumage. By this hypothesis, dome-nesting females should generally be less conspicuous than cavity-nesting species. We found no support for Wallace’s hypothesis that concealed nests yield conspicuous plumage while open nests yield dull plumage, and some support for the social selection hypothesis in smaller-bodied, gregarious species. While our analyses do not support the core part of Wallace’s hypothesis, they corroborate his contention that evolutionary transitions in nest type are rare, indicating that nest types may influence macroevolutionary selective regimes for other traits.
Rzetelność jako ogólna zasada przetwarzania danych osobowych
Authors: Fajgielski Paweł
Published: January 2022

Jedną z ogólnych zasad przetwarzania danych osobowych jest zasada rzetelności, legalnościi przejrzystości. Można uznać, że omawiana zasada, łącząca w sobie trzy elementy,stanowi jeden z fundamentów, na którym opiera się prawna regulacja przetwarzaniai ochrony danych osobowych. Wymóg rzetelności nie został przez prawodawcęzdefiniowany, jego treść nie jest w aktach normatywnych wyjaśniona, a tłumaczeniesformułowania określającego ten wymóg na różne języki ukazuje, że może być onrozmaicie rozumiany i interpretowany, co może prowadzić do rozbieżności w praktycestosowania przepisów o ochronie danych. Pomimo istotnego znaczenia wśródnorm prawnych odnoszących się do przetwarzania danych osobowych, wymóg rzetelnościprzetwarzania nie był dotąd poddawany szczegółowej analizie w literaturzeprzedmiotu.W niniejszym artykule przedstawiona zostanie rzetelność jako jedna z zasad przetwarzaniadanych uregulowana w przepisach obowiązujących przed unijną reformąochrony danych osobowych oraz w przepisach obowiązującego obecnie ogólnegorozporządzenia o ochronie danych1. Wskazane zostaną różnorodne poglądy prezentowanew literaturze odnoszące się do tej zasady, a także rozmaite możliwości odczytywaniajej treści i znaczenia. W kolejnej części opracowania ukazane zostaną ogólnewnioski płynące z przeprowadzonych analiz.
Warunki wyrażania zgody jako przesłanki legalizującej przetwarzanie danych osobowych
Authors: Lubasz Dominik
Published: January 2022

Zgoda podmiotu danych jest jedną z przesłanek legalizacyjnych przetwarzania danych. Koncepcjazgody w rozporządzeniu 2016/679 zachowała zasadniczą konstrukcję regulacyjną, przyjętąuprzednio w dyrektywie 95/45/WE, opartą na autonomii podmiotu danych, jej aktywnymdziałaniu oraz odwracalności decyzji o wyrażeniu zgody, jednakże uległa również pewnemuuelastycznieniu. W artykule poddane zostają analizie zarówno warunki skutecznego wyrażeniazgody, dodatkowe wymogi w sytuacjach szczególnych, jak również interakcje pomiędzy regulacjądotyczącą zgody a innymi obowiązkami nakładanymi na administratorów, w tym w szczególnościw zakresie dotyczącym transparentności przetwarzania.
Pierwsza administracyjna kara pieniężna nałożona na podmiot z sektora publicznego
Authors: Sakowska-Baryła Marlena
Published: January 2022

Glosa poświęcona została omówieniu wyroku WSA w Warszawie, a także poprzedzającej go decyzji Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Danych Osobowych w sprawie na styku ochrony danych osobowych oraz dostępu do informacji publicznej. Orzeczenia te można uznać za doniosłe o tyle, że dotyczą udostępniania danych osobowych w Biuletynie Informacji Publicznej, kwestii retencji danych osobowych leżącej w gestii podmiotu publicznego w przypadku, gdy przepisy nie precyzują czasu upubliczniania danych w tymże publikatorze, zabezpieczenia danych, w tym wdrożenia procedur, których prowadzenie nie zostało wprost przewidziane w ustawie, powierzenia przetwarzania danych osobowych w warunkach działalności podmiotów publicznych, a wreszcie dość newralgicznego zagadnienia, jakim jest zastosowanie RODO do przetwarzania danych osobowych w związku z realizacją dostępu do informacji publicznej. Na kanwie tych orzeczeń możliwe jest prześledzenie istotnych kwestii współstosowania przepisów RODO z przepisami regulującymi zagadnienia dostępu do informacji publicznej na wielu płaszczyznach – zarówno w obszarze dopuszczalności przetwarzania danych osobowych oraz zasad rozliczalności, jak i w obszarze techniczno-organizacyjnym.
QUALITY OF BASIC, TERTIARY EDUCATION AND ADULT LEARNING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: THE KEY TRENDS
Authors: Cichoracki Michał
Published: January 2022

The quality of education and training is considered in the European Union (EU) as a subject of the highest political priority. In all member states high levels of professional skills, social competencies and knowledge are considered to be the very basic conditions for active citizenship, social cohesion and employment. High quality of education and lifelong learning are the most important means of shaping one’s future on a professional and personal level – they are essential in the light of labour market strategies, and the free movement of workers within the European Union.

The EU has already achieved one of its six 2019/2020 benchmarks for education and training and is close to meeting three others. The target of raising the share of the population aged 30 to 34 that has completed tertiary or equivalent education to at least 40 % was met in 2019. In addition, the EU is well on track to meeting its 2019/2020 benchmarks for early leavers from education and training and for early childhood education and care. The share of employed recent graduates has also increased over the past five years. However, the situation is less favourable as regards the remaining two others benchmarks: education outcomes – as measured by pupil’s performance in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study for reading, maths and science – are moving away from the respective EU target. Moreover, due to the stagnation in the proportion of adults participating in the learning process, the benchmark of raising this share to 15 % in the years to come will likely be missed.
MODERNISATION OF THE EDUCATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN KYIV UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF IMPLEMENTING SCHOOL AUTONOMY
Authors: Hrynevych Liliia , Lynov Kostiantyn , Shemelynets Ivan , Riy Gryhoriy
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of the functional effectiveness of the system of educational governance in Kyiv, detection of the problems related to the establishing of the schools’ autonomy, and developing the ways of the system’s transformation. The authors have analyzed international experience in constructing an effective system of educational governance on the territorial level. In the vast majority of countries, schools are granted partial autonomy, the granting of which is accompanied by the establishment of bodies, such as, councils with supervisory and control functions consisting of representatives of the school administration, local management bodies and parents. The article demonstrated that such experience can be partly implemented in Kyiv.

Several models of creating service centers for secondary schools are considered. For instance, a rational model with full financial autonomy, a balanced model with partial autonomy and outsourcing and a transitional model with the preservation of district education departments with a small staff and the establishment of separate service centers within the district or district of Kyiv.

Kyiv has a two-level education governance system, in which the district educational administrations are an intermediary link between the Kyiv Educational & Research Department and the schools. In this respect, the article also analyzes legislation that grants the district education departments their mandate, regulates their functional tasks and relationships with the schools. The authors of the article propose several models of transforming the educational governance system in which the district educational administrations will take on the role of service centers.
“OLD” IDEAS IN NEW SOCIAL CONTEXT. UNIVERSITY AND CHALLENGES OF THE GLOBAL MARKET OF EDUCATIONAL “SERVICES”
Authors: Charchuła Jarosław
Published: January 2022

The level of education is an increasingly important factor that determines both social-economic changes and the systems of norms and values. On the one hand, globalization processes offer the richness and variety of the goods of culture, and the access to “broad” knowledge. On the other hand, they reinforce the tendency for unification and standardization of many areas in an individual’s life. In order to properly refer to modern changes a university is subject to, we should trace historical changes that affected this institution and analyse modern expectations that are shaped by the global market of services.
This article focuses on the analysis of the process of science globalization. Such approach to science is characterized by the analysis of features that define science as a social institution. In this context, the most important challenges and difficulties related to the specific features of the global exchange market have been presented
CIRCULAR ECONOMY EDUCATION: EXPERIENCE OF FINLAND
Authors: Sysoiev Oleksii
Published: January 2022

Since the announcement of the National economic strategy 2030, the transition to a circular economy has become an agenda for Ukraine. In these conditions searching for good experience and practices is an essential priority for national higher education. The research focuses on analysing educational experience in the circular economy in the Republic of Finland. The Republic of Finland has become the first country to provide degree programmes in the circular economy. This theoretical research is based in particular on literature review as well as analysis of Finnish universities websites for studying the degree programmes (their learning content and structure), methods and forms of education. The article presents a generalised analysis of the bachelor, master and doctoral programmes in the circular economy or related sciences. The main findings are methods of education in circular economy distinguished according to the following principles: historical (project-based), priority in the pedagogy implementation (teaching and learning), students activities (combined methods), teaching strategies (heuristic methods), source of knowledge (direct or indirect study of reality). The project-based method dominates when a multidisciplinary student team designs the project. The education format varies from traditional to online.
POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION OF COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL COACHING IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM
Authors: Koc Remigiusz
Published: January 2022

The author raises the question of the possibility of using one of the coaching methods, which is cognitive-behavioural coaching, within the education system. The first part presents an analysis of the very concept of coaching, including research on its effectiveness in solving selected problems or improving selected areas / problems of the education system. In the further part, the author approaches and defines one of the types of coaching, that is cognitive behavioural-coaching. He cites the research on the effectiveness of this method, indicating the potential areas of its application in the education system. In order to demonstrate the potential usefulness of the cognitive-behavioural coaching method, the author refers to examples of techniques of working with a client (student, parent) derived from cognitive-behavioural therapy, which, in the author's opinion, can be successfully transferred to the ground of cognitive-behavioural coaching. The article is exploratory in nature. The author raises the question of the application of cognitive-behavioural coaching in educational institutions, at the same time attracting attention to the need for in-depth empirical research in this area.
DECOMPOSITION OF MANAGEMENT PROCESSES INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Horiashchenko Yuliia
Published: January 2022

This article considers the innovative development of the enterprise as a basis for improving the efficiency of its activities and at the same time as a process of high-quality change based on innovation. Theoretical and methodological aspects of the digital economy as an economy based entirely on digital computer technology and information and communication technologies have been studied. The necessity of involving enterprises in the system of strategic management of innovative development to create competitive advantages, such as market expansion, cost optimization, access to foreign markets, revenue growth has been proved.
КОНТРОЛІНГ ПЕРСОНАЛУ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ
Authors: Lipych Lubov , Khіlukhа Оksаnа , Kushnir Myroslava , Mаtvіісhuk Іvаnnа
Published: January 2022

У статті встановлено, що контролінг персоналу і системний підхід в управлінні підприємством ідентичні і характеризуються формуванням цілей управління, отриманням максимального ефекту у їх досягненні шляхом порівняльного аналізу альтернативних шляхів і методів досягнення цілей та здійснення вибору. Обґрунтовано, що контролінг персоналу базується на агрегованих функціях: оптимізація працевлаштування персоналу, організування праці, здобування компетентностей та їх використання, оцінювання вмінь та ефективності праці, формування середовища праці, мотивування, демократизація управління. Визначено етапи створення ієрархічно структурованої системи контролінгу персоналу, яка поєднує цілі підприємства та працівників.
Запропоновано методику визначення рівня ефективності окремих функцій контролінгу персоналу, що включає такі етапи: визначення критеріїв оцінювання окремих агрегованих функцій контролінгу персоналом, їх співставлення з показниками та характеристиками, що використовуються у системі управління персоналом та розвитку підприємства; впровадження змістовної шкали рейтингу кожного показника, його характеристика; визначення питомої ваги кожного критерію; розрахунок рівня ефективності за кожним критерієм та аналізованою функцією; аналізування даних, що оцінюють рівень результативності та ефективності окремих функцій, визначення рівня ефективності управління людськими ресурсами.
ПРОБЛЕМИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ПОДАТКОВОГО КОНТРОЛЮ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Iurchenko Marina , Klymenko Tetiana
Published: January 2022

Статтю присвячено дослідженню проблем функціонування системи податкового контролю в Україні, вирішення яких сприятиме ефективному розвитку фінансової системи та економіки держави в цілому, а також забезпеченню її економічної безпеки. Доведено, що податковий контроль полягає у перевірці дотримання податкового законодавства, правильності розрахунку, повноти та своєчасності сплати податків і зборів, притягненні до відповідальності винних у порушеннях осіб, а також у запобіганні порушенням податкового законодавства. Розглянуті звітні дані щодо контрольно-перевірочної роботи органів Державної податкової служби України та узагальнені основні проблеми, які ускладнюють ефективне функціонування діючої системи податкового контролю, що дало підставу до вироблення пріоритетних напрямів її вдосконалення.
ФІНАНСОВІ ПОРУШЕННЯ ПРИ ПРОВЕДЕННІ ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЕЛЬ В УКРАЇНІ ТА ЗАСОБИ ЇХ МІНІМІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Karlin Mykola
Published: January 2022

В статті розкриті причини та особливості прояву фінансових порушень при здійсненні публічних закупівель в Україні; досліджені фінансові проблеми, які існують в Україні при проведенні тендерних закупівель, а також проблеми у діяльності контролюючих структур країни в царині здійснення публічних закупівель. В статті також обґрунтовуються напрями реформування механізму здійснення фінансового контролю за проведенням публічних закупівель в Україні з урахуванням досвіду країн Європейського Союзу; виявлені фінансові особливості здійснення публічних закупівель після вступу у дію нової редакції Закону України «Про публічні закупівлі»; досліджені форми фінансової відповідальності учасників та замовників публічних закупівель в Україні та їх ефективність.
Semiotic analysis of the poetry "Morgenlied" by Martin Opitz
Authors: Kojongian Prilimercy E.
Published: January 2022

A This study aims to examine the sign system in the form of icons, indexes, and symbols and to interpret the meanings and messages as well as moral-religious values contained in the poem "Morgenlied" by Martin Opitz. The method used is a content analysis method with a qualitative approach based on semiotic analysis. This method serves to examine the poem "Morgenlied" by Martin Opitz, especially on the sign system in the form of icons, indexes, and symbols as well as religious moral values contained in the poem. While the data collection technique is a literature study. Based on the semiotic analysis, this poem contains a religious element in the form of a prayer of thanksgiving to God for His mercy and glory.
Study of online learning for accounting subjects in vocational schools during the pandemic period
Authors: Situmeang Chandra , Chalil Syahrizal , Sibarani Choms G.G.T , Situmorang Dian Y.T.S
Published: January 2022

Since COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way people conduct things, including educational activities, online learning has become a necessity that schools must adopt. This study aims to analyze the relationship of various variables that affect the success of online learning in accounting subjects in vocational high. This study is a quantitative cross-sectional online survey with 308 respondents from 26 schools in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Data analysis was performed through regression analysis with moderating variables. It concluded that the success of online learning process as measured by Learning Satisfaction was influenced by Student Characteristics, Learning Accessibility, and Textbooks, while Multimedia Materials and other Text Materials did not have any effect. It further observed that teacher Support does not affect learning satisfaction but can moderate the relationship between student characteristics and textbook quality. This means that all related parties need to focus on changing students' mindset, improving the quality of textbooks, and increasing accessibility. On the other hand, to increase success, it is necessary to strengthen the role of teachers.
Performance of village facilitators in sustainable community empowerment
Authors: Djabbar Isra
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to analyze and describe the performance of village assistants in sustainable community empowerment activities in Lalonaha Village, Wolo District, Kolaka Regency. Qualitative descriptive research method. Data obtained through interviews, literature study, and observation. The data analysis stage uses the Miles and Huberman method, namely data collection, data presentation, data verification, and concluding. Based on the research results, village assistants' capability in its implementation has not optimally because there are still many priority programs that people should expect but have not implemented. Activities carried out by village assistants in terms of development implementation, development supervision, and village administration training carried out by village assistants in Lalonaha Village, Wolo District have been able to run well, it is just that the obstacles faced regarding the quality of work by village assistants have not been able to carry out proper coordination fully. Both between the Lalonaha Village Government and the village community. In the implementation stage of village facilitator activities to help village government activities have not been able to run well, this is because in every development activity and supervision of development programs carried out more by the village apparatus themselves. The independence of village assistants in improving community empowerment in the village Lalonaha has not gone well because the village government itself carries out almost all the implementation of village assistance activities.
Evaluation of the implementation of the sekolah penggerak curriculum using the context, input, process and product evaluation model in high schools
Authors: Muji Anggarda Paramita , Gistituati Nurhizrah , Bentri Alwen , Falma Fris Okta
Published: January 2022

Learning evaluation is to find out how far the progress, development, and success of students after carrying out the learning process within the specified time period is, including the evaluation of the innovative learning curriculum, namely the sekolah penggerak curriculum. The purpose of this study is to describe the evaluation of the school curriculum using the Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) evaluation model. Qualitative research designed in the form of case study research. The research subjects were the principal, curriculum representative, and school supervisor. Determination of research subjects was carried out purposively. Data collection techniques using observation sheets and data analysis techniques used are descriptive statistics. Research findings using the Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) is seen from the Context, Input, Process and Product aspects that the implementation of the sekolah penggerak curriculum is in accordance with the learning objectives. The implementation of this curriculum innovation is expected to have an impact on the quality of learning outcomes, the quality of the main competencies, the quality of teachers, the acceleration of school digitization and the profile of Pancasila students.
Improving Students' Critical Thinking Skills Against Environmental Problems: Practicum Mini Project "Understanding Public Perceptions of Environmental Problems"
Authors: Yusuf Yusuf
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to improve students' critical thinking skills towards environmental problems through mini-project practicum activities on the concept of understanding public perceptions of environmental problems. This research is descriptive research using a qualitative approach. The subjects in this study were Semester II class E students who took Environmental Science courses in the Even Semesters of the 2019/2020 Academic Year. The instrument used to measure critical thinking skills using indicators developed by Ennis are 1) Elementary, 2) Clarification Basic Support, 3) Inference, 4) Advanced Clarification, 5) Strategies and Tactics. Results The average critical thinking ability of 20 students is in the medium category (average score of 69.54). Of the 20 students, 10% were in the very high category, 30% in the high category, 25% in the medium category, and 35% in the low category. Indicators of students' critical thinking in 5 aspects, each of which has an average value that is in the medium category
Latino o cirillico? Le proposte di un alfabeto misto nelle visioni di unità jugoslava del periodo interbellico
Authors: Selvelli Giustina
Published: January 2022

This paper discusses the context of script choice (Latin and Cyrillic) in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in the late 1920s and early 1930s, focusing on bialphabetism and biliteracy as official policies of the country. I place the topic in the framework of Latinization in the interwar period and examine three texts by Yugoslav authors that propose a ‘hybrid’ writing system containing the characters of both alphabets as a solution to digraphia. It then explores some reactions to such proposals, including the one of Aleksander Belić. The article is based on the analysis of previously unknown sources found in the Matica Srpska Library in Novi Sad.
Trees, Birds and Other Non-Humans
Mythological Entanglements with Landscape, Flora, Fauna and Spirits of the Himalayas
Authors: Torri Davide
Published: January 2022

his paper takes into account ideas about landscape and environment as they emerge from the study of beliefs, mythology and ritual activities of religious specialists of the Himalayan region, showing a deep and enduring web of relational entanglements between human and other-than-human communities. The notion of persoonhood seems, in fact, to transcend the human dimension in order to include a wider and larger set of other-than-human communities, including mountains, waters, plants, animals and other classes of beings.
Mining in a Sacred Landscape: Adivasis, Deities and Alliances in a Former Princely State in Odisha/India
Authors: Skoda Uwe
Published: January 2022

The papers explores ideas of a sacred landscape inhabited by indigenous people as well as other communities, deities as well as other beings manifested in localities and ‘objects’ forming various relationships, alliances and a thick web of relationality in a former kingdom in central-eastern India. It introduces these historically evolved ties through the foundational narratives as well as contemporary rituals, while the area is undergoing major transformations after Indian independence and even more so in a phase of accelerated industrialisation, especially tied to a mining boom and sponge iron factories. The latter not only threatens to uproot an existing, though changing sacrificial polity around local deities, but it also has massive ecological consequences and leads to partially successful protests.
Venetian Lagoon Mussel Farming Between Tradition and Innovation
An Example of Changes in Perception and Multispecies Relations
Authors: Vianello Rita
Published: January 2022

In Venetian lagoon, mussels as a food, together with technical innovations and new knowledge for their exploitation, are a recent discovery. In the past, the lagoon’s fishers considered them inedible. The first mussel farming was launched in 1939 and mussels began a new process of rehabilitation. It is the beginning of a new relationship. Mussels turn themselves into delicate animals that need care and fishers develop new interactions with the other non-human components of the environment. A mutual relationship (or inter-agentivity) is created between mussel farmers and mussels, and it brings undeniable advantages to both species.
Effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on the in vivo biocompatible and resorptive properties of tissue-specific scaffolds from decellularized pig liver fragments
Authors:   Academician V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nemets E. A. , Malkova A. P. ,   ANO “Institute of Biomedical Research and Technology”, Dukhina G. A. ,   ANO “Institute of Biomedical Research and Technology”, Lazhko A. E. ,   N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Basok Y. B. ,   Academician V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kirillova A. D. ,   Academician V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Sevastianov V. I. ,   Academician V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

The creation of bioengineered tissue/organ equivalents is closely related to the development of biodegradable, highly porous 3D scaffolds, which to some extent provide the microenvironment necessary to maintain the viability of the cellular component. According to many researchers, the most interesting are tissue-specific matrices that can selectively support the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of tissue cells of those organs from which they are obtained by decellularization. It was shown that during intramuscular implantation in rats of decellularized pig liver fragments (DLFp), independent of the method of detergent residues removing (96 hours of washing in phosphate-salt buffer (PBS) or combined: 24 hours in PBS and 8 hours with supercritical CO2 (sc-CO2), the samples meet the requirements for medical devices in terms of local and general toxic effects. Thus, the use of sc-CO2 made it possible to reduce the duration of the technology for producing biocompatible tissue-specific matrices based on DLFp by 3 times. Moreover, when using sc-CO2 at the stage of washing the DLFp matrix, a “mild reaction” of the tissue to the sample is observed during 2 months of intramuscular implantation of the matrix in rats with its complete resorption after 3 months of the experiment. Under the same conditions, the duration of a similar local action of DLFp washed in the PBS on the tissue is 3  months with degradation of 63% of the matrix of the sample size.
Study of a highly porous composite material based on an aluminum matrix with an ordered cellular structure formed by hollow copper-graphite spherical granules
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Gulevskiy V. A. , Antipov V. I. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences of RAS, Vinogradov L. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences of RAS, Tsurikhin S. N. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Kolmakov A. G. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences of RAS, Gulevskiy V. V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Prutskov M. E. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences of RAS
Published: January 2022

The structure and properties of a highly porous cellular composite material based on a framework of hollow spherical granules with a thin copper-graphite coating impregnated with an aluminum alloy have been investigated. Highly porous composite composite casting with molten form, filled with expanded polystyrene spherical granules with a thin copper-graphite layer applied to their surface. When the polymer core of the granules burns out in the casting, a highly porous cellular composite material is formed with an aluminum matrix filled with spherical pores ∅ 4 – 8 mm, adjoining the metal matrices through a thin (300 – 500 μm) copper shell. The density of the porous composite material obtained in this way is 1.67 g/cm3. In order to fill the space between the granules with aluminum melt, their surfaces were coated with a thin layer of titanium, molybdenum, or chromium borides, which positively affected the strength characteristics of the composite material as a whole. Estimated calculation of the shock absorber index of a new highly porous structural material based on aluminum matrices with a cellular structure made of spherical hollow granules regularly distributed over the volume proved the prospects of its subsequent use as an absorber of shock energy in shock-absorbing devices.
Heat-resistant RuAl-based alloys. III. Powder alloys — mechanical alloying
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences, Povarova K. B. , Morozov A. E. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences, Drozdov A. A. ,   I.P. Bardin Central Research Institute for Ferrous Metallurgy,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences, Antonova A. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences, Bulakhtina M. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

Refractory (Tmelt = 2100 °C), heat-resistant ruthenium monoaluminide RuAl, lighter (ρ = 7.97 g/cm3) than Ni superalloys, is considered as a promising candidate material for operation at high temperatures and relatively low loads in high-speed gas oxidizing flows at temperatures higher not only operating temperatures, but also the melting temperatures of both nickel superalloys and nickel and titanium aluminides. RuAl is also an ideal candidate for potential protective coatings. In the first part of the article, RuAl-based cast alloys were considered. In the second part of the article, the possibilities of obtaining alloys based on RuAl directly from the initial powders of ruthenium and aluminum are considered by combining the temperature-time regimes of reaction alloy formation (RA), the sequence and intensity of pressure application during RA. The third part of the article is devoted to studying the possibilities of using powders doped with RuAl (NiAl, TiAl) of a given composition, obtained by mechanical alloying, as a starting material.
Analisis Puisi Pada Hari Minggu Kucari Ayah ke Kota Karya Hasan Aspahani Ditinjau dari Aspek Semiotik
Authors: Adeline Sheyla , Arifin Syaiful , Indrahastuti Tri
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe the shape of the icons, indexes, and symbols contained in the poem On Sunday I’m Looking For My Father To The City. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach method. Data collection techniques used are library research techniques, reading techniques, note-taking techniques, and semi-structured interview techniques. The data analysis techniques used is to understand the data as a whole, classify the data,make comparisons of data matches, and draw data conclusions. The results of this study include (1) Icons in the poem On Sunday I Look for Father to The City by Hasan Aspahani there two types of icons, namely image icons and diagrammatic icons.(2) The index in the poem On Sunday I’m Looking for My Father to The City by Hasan Aspahani is an index in various findings between texts.(3) Symbols in Hasan Aspahani’s poem On Sunday I Look for Father to the City are signs that do not show a casual relationship between the signifier and the signifier.
Analisis Wacana Kritis Berita Politik dalam Surat Kabar Koran Kaltim
Authors: Alfira Jihan , Mulawarman Widyatmike Gede , Rijal Syamsul
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe the form of language expression and the political news discourse perspective of Koran Kaltim using Roger Fowler's model. In using Roger Fowler's analysis, clarification can be seen how the same event is translated into different languages. These different words are not seen as technical but are seen as an ideological practice. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study. Sources of data used in this research are journalistic products of printed mass media, namely Koran Kaltim. Data collection techniques are reading, listening, and note-taking techniques. The data presentation technique in this study contains an explanation of the forms of language expression and perspective. Overall the results of the study show the following two conclusions. First, the forms of language expression based on political news discourse modalities include necessity modality, desire modality, truth modality as well as various types of metaphors. This form of language expression represents the views, values, ideas and beliefs of journalists in the Kaltim newspaper. Second, the pro-government perspective dominates the political news in the Kaltim newspaper.
Campur Kode Bahasa Buton Terhadap Bahasa Indonesia Pada Rapat Organisasi Himpunan Mahasiswa Buton di Kota Samarinda
Authors: Samiun Samiun , Mursalim Mursalim , Ahmad M. Rusydi
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the form and factors causing code mixing at the Buton Student Association Organization Meeting in the city of Samarinda. This research uses the matching and agih method. The data collection technique used the listening method and the speaking method. The results of the study show the form of code mixing between Butonese and Indonesian at the Buton Student Association Organization Meeting in the city of Samarinda and the factors that cause code mixing. The forms of Code Mixing are 1) Code Mixing in the form of words, 2) Code Mixing in the form of phrases, 3) Code Mixing in the form of clauses. There are 2 factors that cause code mixing, namely 1) the speaker factor, 2) the language factor. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the communication process that occurs at the Buton Student Association Organization Meeting in the city of Samarinda is in the form of code mixing in the form of words, phrases and clauses. Factors causing code mixing are speaker factors and language factors.
No Home Bias in Ghost Games
Authors: Dilger Alexander , Vischer Lars
Published: January 2022

Because of the COVID-19-pandemic the men’s first German football league (Bundesliga) had to take a break before it was permitted to finish the season 2019/20. However, only ghost games without spectators in the stadiums were allowed in this finishing phase. Comparing these 83 games without spectators with the corresponding 83 regular games between the same teams with spectators before, we find that the normal advantage for the home team disappears. There were 48.2% home wins with spectators and only 32.5% without. This decrease is statistically significant. There were 32.5% away wins before the break and 44.6% thereafter, while the draws increased from 19.3% to 22.9%. However, these increases are not statistically significant. One reason for the lost home advantage is the disappearance of a home bias by the referees, who gave significantly less extra time and also less yellow and red cards to the away team. Keywords: Bundesliga, COVID-19, football, ghost games, home bias
An Ex-Post Analysis of the 2004 Olympic Effect
Authors: Papanikos Gregory T.
Published: January 2022

This paper evaluates the effects of the Olympic Games of 2004 hosted in Athens on Greece’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), as estimated in Papanikos (1999). The estimates were made in 1997 for a period of fourteen years, 1998-2011, based on various scenarios. During this period two events have had a great impact on GDP that could have been predicted in 1997. Firstly, Greece adopted the euro in 2002, and even though this was pretty much a possibility in 1997, but not of course a certainty, the most important effect of the euro would have come from its exchange value vis-a-vis major currencies of countries with Greece was trading. This included tourism. Despite what many economists thought at the time, the introduction of the euro was not accompanied by a devaluation, but by unprecedented overvaluation. This had a negative impact on Greek GDP. Secondly, the Great Recession hit the Greek economy hard starting in 2008. These two effects had a negative impact on Greek GDP, wiping out the expected positive effects of the Olympic Games. Keywords: Olympic Games, GDP, Athens 2004, euro, great recession
Assessment of the influence of the Viriva granite quarry on the condition of the surface and ground waters within the Vyry village
Authors: Shevchuk S. A. , Zorina O. V. , Shevchenko A. M. , Kozytsky O. M. , Mavrykin Y. O.
Published: January 2022

Analyzed the results of their own research to assess the impact of the Vyrovsky granite quarry on the state of surface and ground waters within the village of Vyry, Sarny district, Rivne region of Ukraine. Research methods: hydrogeological, sanitary-chemical, analytical. It has been established that the technological process of extracting granite and producing construction crushed stone does not involve the use of a large amount of water. Pit water is used as process water without additional intake of surface or groundwater. The main problems during the exploitation of the car, which are found on the enterprises, are connected with water. The stench is overwhelmed by the surging of ground and surface waters and the need for input for the safety of normal minds of their exploitation. Significant watering of the area's surface is due to the abundance of atmospheric precipitation, relatively flat relief, the presence of a small thickness of sedimentary rocks covering the crystalline massifs. So, the chemical and biological pollution of the river. The extraction by quarry waters does not occur, since the results of laboratory studies of the quarry water did not show its contamination. In general, the Vyrovsky granite quarry does not affect the volume of the river flow. Alignment, for a long time of operation of the Vyrovsky granite quarry, the groundwater levels of the aquifer have already been established and currently remain relatively stable. Further development of the open pit area will not affect the lowering of the groundwater level within the village. Vyry. Decrease in water levels in wells and wells within the village. Vyry in recent years (2015-2020) is associated with climatic changes, which led to a decrease in precipitation, an increase in temperature and evaporation and, as a consequence, a very low water content in rivers practically throughout Ukraine.
The effects of silt fields of Bortnytska aeration station on ecological state of land and water in the adjacent areas
Authors: Yatsiuk M. V. , Shevchenko A. M. , Bozhenko R. P. , Lyutnitsky S. M.
Published: January 2022

The article highlights the results of research on assessing the ecological state of the land near the silt fields №1 and №3 of Bortnytska aeration station in the Zolochiv village community of Boryspil district in Kyiv region. The presence of previously recorded increased content of heavy metals in soils compared to the background content, both in terms of their gross content and the content of mobile forms was confirmed within the certain areas near the silt fields. For the elements-pollutants (Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb) at some points within the agricultural land, exceeding the values ​​of their gross content and the content of mobile forms (Zn, Cu) of the maximum permissible concentrations was recorded at 1.1-6.2 and 1.1 -2.6 times, respectively. The average values ​​of heavy metals content for floodplains (settlement) and agricultural land near silt fields indicate their prevailing values ​​for the latter in almost all elements, as well as exceeding the background values ​​and maximum permissible concentrations for the land where silt deposits were previously applied as fertilizers. Within the surveyed areas, soils are classified as unsalted, but the increased content of exchangeable magnesium may adversely affect soil fertility.

Increased mineralization and content of ammonium and nitrates in groundwater are observed near silt fields, which is obviously related to the impact of silt water and can lead to deterioration of groundwater quality in the area of ​​their transit and discharge, in particular within the village Gnidyn. The area of ​​land with an extremely dangerous pollution rate in terms of total heavy metal is about 300 hectares, with a dangerous pollution rate is 260 hectares, and the estimated damage from crop failure may be 1.65 million UAH/year and 0.3 million UAH/year respectively. Within the areas adjacent to the silt fields, the condition of soils, water resources, cultivated products and the health of the population should be constantly monitored, especially when using the polluted land for agricultural use or housing.
Effect of the irrigation regime of rise on soil oxidation-reduction status
Authors: Dudchenko K. V. , Petrenko T. M. , Flinta O. I. , Datsiuk M. M.
Published: January 2022

During the cultivation of rice in the field for 3 months, the required water layer is maintained. In these conditions, there are the processes that lead to changes in the composition of organic and mineral components of the soil, namely: removal of easily soluble substances and mobile forms of nutrients, the dominance of reduction processes over oxidation ones. Irrigation of rice crops using drip irrigation also causes changes in salt and water-air regimes, which leads to the formation of salt bags and toxic salinization of the soil in a layer of 0-60 cm. The negative effect of drip irrigation is not so noticeable compared to flooding conditions and can be eliminated by observing crop rotation with the rate of the main crop not more than 50%.

The research was conducted during 2016-2020 in the territory of the Rice Institute of NAAS and its experimental farm (Skadovsk district, Kherson region), where the soil cover is represented by dark chestnut saline soil. The study of the effect of rice cultivation in flood conditions was carried out on a rice irrigation system with an area of ​​190 ha, and under drip irrigation - on a demonstration trail with an area of ​​4 ha. The oxidation-reduction status of the arable soil layer of rice crop rotations when rice growing, is seasonal. In the period of water layer maintaining in the field, in the arable layer reduction processes predominate, while after harvesting and checks draining the intensity of the reduction processes is moderate and decreases.

A model describing this process by the equation of a quadratic parabola was constructed. Growing rice under drip irrigation also reduces the oxidation-reduction soil capacity to negative values, but for a short period, which does not adversely affect the soil. The dynamics of this indicator in the conditions of drip irrigation is described by the equation of a quadratic parabola. Continuous monitoring of this process enables to evaluate the stability of fluctuations of the oxidation-reduction soil balance, which is important for assessing soil quality.
Modern approaches to treatment and recovery of secondary sludge of domestic sewage
Authors: Zorina O. V. , Mavrykin Y. O.
Published: January 2022

For today, pollution of the environment, in particular of surface waters, has led to an environmental crisis in many countries of the world. One of the reasons for this is the use of outdated approaches to the treatment and recovery of sewage sludge. The article presents the results of the study of literary sources in order to analyze the proposals for the treatment of secondary sludge of domestic sewage in different countries. To neutralize sewage sludge, scientists consider the possibility of obtaining fertilizes under conditions of biosulfidogenesis during the dissimilation recovery of poorly soluble sulfates or the use of enhanced oxidation technology.

A new concept of domestic sewage treatment has also been proposed, which can solve the issue of sewage sludge control at the place of its forming. The main areas of sustainable sludge control are its use in agriculture as fertilizer and for the reclamation of devastated or degraded lands, as well as energy recovery by burning and alternative thermal methods such as pyrolysis, quasi-pyrolysis and gasification. It was established that the applicability of this or that technology of sewage sludge recovery depends on many local factors, in particular: productivity of sewage station; composition and methods of sewage treatment and its sediments; efficiency of sewage treatment plants; climatic zone of the sewage system location; availability of energy and material resources, etc.

Today, it is relevant to monitor the qualitative composition of sewage sludge, as well as soils and natural waters regarding pollutants that can be detected in the sewage of the corresponding settlement, in order to make operational decisions to control environmental risks, as well as conduct scientific research to improve recycling and recovery technologies for sewage sludge of various composition in agricultural systems, which will help to protect the environment against pollution and rational use of land.