bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A propos de la découverte d'un trésor de fausses monnaies du XIIIe siècle à Rihour
Authors: Leman Pierre , Singer Jean
Published: October 2015

In Rihour, as the place has been named, was once erected a vast palace, built by the Duke of Burgundy from 1453 to 1465. One took advantage in 1980 of the digging works necessary for the construction of a tube station to open a campaign of archaeological searches, in the middle of what was once the central courtyard of the palace. This undertaking had a very precise goal as it ambitionned to make out levels of occupation prior to 1066, the date traditionnally acknowledged as that ot the origin of Lille. Hitherto the results have remained negative ; yet the archeologists were surprisxed to disclose a treasure containing 474 forged coins (studies by Jean Duples- sis), dating from the middle of the xinth century, a period of relative prosperity in Lille. The burying remains uo to now unaccountable. One should also stress that these searches were undertaken as part ot the supervision of the digging of Line n° 1 of the Lille Tube system.
Les ordinations sacerdotales dans le diocèse de Cambrai au XVIIIe siècle (1727-1788)
Authors: Deregnaucourt Gilles
Published: October 2015

The Cambrai diocese offered in the xvinth century a rate of recruiting to the ecclesiastical function approaching 3 clergymen for any thousand inhabitants over periods of 25 years, that is largely over the French average (between one and two per thousand). This widespread sacerdotal vocation can be accounted for by, all at once, a strong demographic growth, a high degree of literacy, the system of secondary education, the efficiency of the diocesan seminary, the benefits system and, more largely, the impact of Counter- Reformation in the Netherlands.

Moreover, Cambrai did not experience the vocational crisis observed anywhere else after 1760 ; only a slight decline can be noticed here. In the same manner, it does not look as though there had been any real decline among the regular clergy.

This inquiry bases itself on the bishops' records of ordinations and ecclesiastical insinuations.
Les vitraux de l'église du Sacré-Cœur à Lille
Authors: Oursel Hervé
Published: October 2015

De Dames des Enfants de Marie beloofden plechtig in 1870 een Heilig Hartherk te bou- wen zo Rijsel gespaard bleef van de Pruisische invasie. De werken liepen van 1875 tot 1878 en van 1895 tot 1898. Kort voor 1890 werd een kapel bijgebouwd en versierd met een reeks glasramen van het huis Lorin van Chartres naar ontwerpen van Charles Crauk, de laureaat van de nationale wedstrijd. Hij was in die tijd een beroemd religieus schilder enkoos als onderwerp voor zijn ontwerpen het geloof en de goddelijke barmhartigheid van Abraham tot de récente devotie van het Heilig Hart. Twee andere cycli volgden, in de kerk zelf, een over de H. Maagd, de andere over Jozef ; daarna komen de hoge glasramen in de koo- romgaag en die — in grisaille — van de zijkapellen en in 1896 in de kruisbeuk met zuiver decoratief werk, op de voorstellingen van de apostelen na,. Het zijn allemaal werken van dezelfde kunstenaar maar in 1898-1900 worden de Ateliers Haussaire van Rijsel belast met de uitvoering van de grisailles in de zijbeuken en de gefigureerde glasramen in de doopka- pel en in die van de onbevlekte ontvangenis.
L'actualité étrangère de 1772 vue par un périodique allemand, le Wandsbecker Bothe
Authors: Voisine Jacques
Published: October 2015

De Wandsbecker Bothe (de bode van Wandsbeck) naar de naam van het kleine stadje in het gebied van de vrije stad Hamburg, waar het blad werd uitgegeven in de jaren 1770 werd geschreven door de dichter Mathias Claudius. Het gaat hier echter niet om het lite- raire belang van deze publicatie. Het blad speelde een nuttige roi voor de economische belangen van de streek door dag aan dag de evolutie van de internationale politieke situa- tie te beschrijven, dank zij een opmerkelijk net informatoren. Men heeft geopteerd voor het onderzoek van jaargang 1772, met een paleisrevolutie in Denemarken, een uiting van absolutisme, of verlicht libéralisme in Zweden en de eerste verdeling van Polen.
Comment un diplomate français voyait la presse belge à la veille de la seconde guerre mondiale
Authors: Demoulin Robert
Published: October 2015

Bertrand Rochereau de la Sablière, third secretary in Brussels, studies the Belgian press of the time, in a report, 326 folios long, transmitted to the Quai d'Orsay on june 30, 1938. The development of the Flemish press, its growing weight in the political life, its attitude towards Germany struck the author. Rochereau stresses the variety of the opinions expressed in the French-speaking press, whose francophilia is patent, especially in Wallonie, even if the success of the Popular Front in the 1936 elections in France caused a certain reticence in the most conservative papers. As regard the financing and circulation of the papers, their relation with the Court and the Governement, the role of the agencies, the diplomat provides us with a lot of useful informations and develops some well-advised reflections.
The University Student Travel Market: Motivations and Preferences for Activities
Authors: Xiao Uan , So Kevin Kam Fung , Wang Ying
Published: October 2015

Despite the significance of the student travel market, this segment's heterogeneity in motivation and behavior remains relatively unexplored. This article presents a comparative analysis of domestic and international university students' travel motivations and activity preferences.
Using Partial Least Squares Path Modeling, questionnaire data from 307 students showed that students were most likely to seek opportunities for learning and relaxation. Further, the student market lacks homogeneity in terms of travel motivation and preference for activities, and motivational
factors are significantly associated with activity preference. The study provides empirical support for the motivation–behavior link in preferences for activities, and offers insights into students' travel motivation and needs, enabling more effective product design and marketing for
this important segment. Differences between domestic and international students suggest a need for differentiated strategies for the two groups of travelers.
Fitness consequences of short‐ and long‐distance pollinations in Phlox hirsuta, an endangered species
Authors: Ruane Lauren G. , Dickens Morgan E. , Wall Morgan E.
Published: October 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

The persistence of rare and endangered plant species may depend on the distance pollinators travel when dispersing pollen. Pollinations between adjacent plants, which are often genetically similar, can decrease seed set, germination, and/or progeny vigor due to shared S‐alleles or inbreeding depression. Interpopulation pollen dispersal is often suggested as a management tool to increase genetic diversity; however, long‐distance pollinations also have the potential to decrease fitness.

METHODS:

We performed experimental hand pollinations in the field and germination experiments in a growth chamber to determine the effect of intrapopulation pollination distance (1 m, 10 m, and 100 m) on seed set, seed germination, progeny growth, and progeny reproduction in Phlox hirsuta. In addition, we included interpopulation pollinations (6740 m) to determine whether artificial gene flow is a viable management option for this endangered species.

KEY RESULTS:

Although pollination distance did not affect the number of healthy seeds produced or the likelihood of radicle emergence, it did significantly affect the ability of germinating seeds to successfully produce cotyledons. Outbreeding depression was observed during seed germination and early seedling development. Seedlings resulting from interpopulation pollinations developed more slowly and were less likely to survive to produce cotyledons than seedlings resulting from all three intrapopulation pollination distances.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results suggest that the success of P. hirsuta does not depend on the distance pollinators travel within populations and that conservation strategies that involve transporting genes between populations can be counterproductive.
An ISA-TAB-Nano based data collection framework to support data-driven modelling of nanotoxicology
Authors: Marchese Robinson Richard L , Cronin Mark T D , Richarz Andrea-Nicole , Rallo Robert
Published: October 2015

Analysis of trends in nanotoxicology data and the development of data driven models for nanotoxicity is facilitated by the reporting of data using a standardised electronic format. ISA-TAB-Nano has been proposed as such a format. However, in order to build useful datasets according to this format, a variety of issues has to be addressed. These issues include questions regarding exactly which (meta)data to report and how to report them. The current article discusses some of the challenges associated with the use of ISA-TAB-Nano and presents a set of resources designed to facilitate the manual creation of ISA-TAB-Nano datasets from the nanotoxicology literature. These resources were developed within the context of the NanoPUZZLES EU project and include data collection templates, corresponding business rules that extend the generic ISA-TAB-Nano specification as well as Python code to facilitate parsing and integration of these datasets within other nanoinformatics resources. The use of these resources is illustrated by a “Toy Dataset” presented in the Supporting Information. The strengths and weaknesses of the resources are discussed along with possible future developments.
Back to the Future: Counterfactuals and Scenarios in Defense Research and Planning
Authors: Kofroň Jan
Published: October 2015

Defense planning and research has to engage with questions about future developments quite often. Solutions to these questions tend to be hazy due to (I) the missing data, or due to (II) the necessity to build long-term prognoses, which are - by their very nature - only remotely related to any current or historical empirical cases. Under these conditions counterfactuals and their specific - future- oriented - form: scenarios, offer a valuable tool. Nevertheless, counterfactuals and scenarios, due to their limited empirical embeddedness, demand explicit and rigorous application of a theory. The article highlights often overlooked resemblance of scenarios and counterfactuals and derives from this fact some methodological implications for scenario building enterprise. Beyond that, it aims at demonstrating possible contributions as well as obstacles inherent for the use of scenarios and counterfactuals in our defense policy debates.
How to Prepare for Urban Warfare? Lessons Learned from Training of Infantry Company
Authors: Zetocha Karel , Karásek Tomáš
Published: October 2015

Infantry company urban operations training experience shows that effective training requires interaction of doctrine with equipment and structure of units. NATO standards must be further developed at the national level to match the technology and organization of own units. Training requires elaboration of training manuals that contain specific tactical exercises for standardized training facilities. Experienced training instructors should focus on the preparation of organic units. Transferring experience from instructors directly to organic units is more efficient than preparing individuals in professional courses.
Un toc hystérique
Authors: Déroche Stéphane
Published: October 2015

Cet article vise à montrer que la présence de toc ne doit pas être prématurément associée à un diagnostic de névrose obsessionnelle. À partir d’un cas clinique, trois éléments théoriques nous permettront de soutenir que la névrose organisatrice des troubles n’est pas obsessionnelle ni psychotique mais hystérique. Ces trois éléments sont le lieu d’adresse du symptôme, l’identification et la sexualisation du symptôme.
La psychopédagogie, une aide essentielle à la scolarisation des enfants en difficulté
Authors: Billotte Gilles
Published: October 2015

Nous nous proposons ici d’explorer une des dimensions de l’aide à la scolarisation à travers une réflexion sur la psychopédagogie telle qu’elle s’est développée dans les cmpp . Cette approche nous rappelle, à l’heure de la montée en puissance des approches cognitivistes, que nous ne devons pas oublier qu’apprendre, dans l’espace spécifique de l’école, c’est d’abord se confronter à une culture. Pour un grand nombre d’enfants en difficulté scolaire, cette rencontre se transforme en un paradoxe qui les enferme dans une impasse génératrice de souffrance et de violence, quelquefois dans une identité singulière qui peut générer de l’exclusion. Nous essayerons de montrer, après avoir exploré les dimensions pédagogiques de ce paradoxe, comment la psychopédagogie leur permet de desserrer l’étau en leur offrant un espace de pensée que nous rapprocherons de l’espace potentiel défini par Winnicott. Nous soulignerons également en quoi une approche éthique de la difficulté scolaire nous oblige à prendre l’école en compte, parfois à en prendre soin. Nous espérons qu’à travers cette réflexion nous pourrons montrer les points de convergence et de différence entre les cmpp et les camsp s’il le fallait encore.
La scolarité des enfants porteurs de handicaps moteurs avec ou sans troubles cognitifs associés. Contribution des SESSAD
Authors: Gadisseux-Franck Isabelle
Published: October 2015

Parmi les missions des sessad , l’accompagnement du projet de scolarité des enfants et adolescents handicapés moteur et cognitif est devenu une des tâches majeures des équipes pluridisciplinaires amenées à travailler sur ces lieux de socialisation et d’enseignement. Cette mission leur est confiée avant tout par des parents qui sont en demande de soins mais aussi en attente d’une inclusion dans le milieu banal porteur de tous les espoirs y compris ceux de la réparation. Ce travail a placé les sessad dans une indispensable collaboration avec et dans les murs des institutions scolaires de l’Éducation nationale, entreprise qui jusque-là se suffisait à elle-même dans son fonctionnement et sa réflexion. Chacun est bousculé dans ses pratiques, ses certitudes, son savoir-faire. Au centre, il y a l’enfant, l’adolescent vers lequel convergent toutes les attentes mais aussi toutes les craintes de ne pas à être à la hauteur. Cet article aborde ces situations aux multiples facteurs sur le plan de chaque partenaire et acteur. Les constats sont à faire, les progrès encore immenses sont en attente dans ces rencontres qui sont avant tout des rencontres humaines qui se révèlent derrière ce dispositif mis en place depuis la loi de 2005.
Dispositif ITEP et scolarisation
Authors: AIRe Collectif association , scolarisation Commission
Published: October 2015

Le dispositif itep , dans la mesure où il se doit de favoriser autant que possible le « hors les murs » dans tous les types d’interventions, appelle à une évolution, voire une transformation, des représentations et des pratiques professionnelles. Ce processus de changement d’ordre culturel nécessite temps, attention, ainsi qu’une organisation souple et modulable. Cette organisation permet de combiner et d’articuler différents lieux de scolarisation possibles, en interne ou à l’extérieur, auprès d’écoles et d’établissements de proximité partenaires ainsi que les établissements de référence... La notion traditionnelle de « classe » a entre autres tendance à s’effacer au bénéfice de celle de « modules d’inclusion » selon des modalités très diversifiées et évolutives. L’unité d’enseignement ( ue ) de l’ itep ne peut en aucun cas remplacer l’école ou le collège de référence. Elle constitue une étape dans un parcours global de scolarisation lui-même inscrit dans un processus à visée soignante.
L’habillement est issu des liens familiaux
Authors: Berquière Thierry
Published: October 2015

Le vêtement est un objet de représentation sociale et un système de signes distinctifs déterminant des différences de génération, de sexe, de culture. L’habillement a aussi une fonction importante dans les liens primordiaux, qui participe de la construction des enveloppes psychiques. L’auteur recherche comment l’in-vestiture , qui marque des différences structurantes, et l’in-vestissement , qui qualifie ces liens, vont tisser une trame des liens familiaux, dans laquelle le corps est inscrit. Des récits fondateurs, et tout particulièrement celui de Perceval , nous indiquent comment le vêtement est un passeur qui accompagne les séparations. La présentation d’une thérapie familiale montre comment à partir d’une peau commune déchirée, l’enveloppe vestimentaire a permis de tisser des liens entre des « traces sans mémoire » et faire une place au transgénérationnel.
Family is biutiful !
Authors: Hours Armelle
Published: October 2015

L’auteure propose d’examiner la particularité du retentissement psychique des défauts de contenance dans un certain type de fonctionnement familial. Pour l’essentiel cela concerne les familles dans lesquelles les enfants ont accès aux services de la protection de l’enfance. La plupart du temps la souffrance de l’enfant n’est pas le résultat d’une violence intentionnelle mais plutôt la conséquence de l’impasse d’un lien. Cette impasse signe les défauts de contenance et engendre bien souvent un climat de violence. Pour aborder cet enjeu complexe, une scène cinématographique qui illustre de façon assez précise la problématique est proposée. En s’appuyant sur le concept d’enveloppe psychique proposée par Anzieu, on peut envisager une perspective pour guider les dispositifs de soins. Le propos est ensuite éclairé par une séquence clinique tirée d’un groupe thérapeutique autour du conte.
Statut du corps et du symptôme obésité dans l’économie psychique familiale au travers du dessin de la maison imaginaire
Authors: Schwailbold Marie-Anne , Cuynet Patrice
Published: October 2015

Les auteurs présentent l’évolution de la prise en charge d’une famille à problématique d’obésité. À travers l’étude de l’enveloppe corporelle groupale, ils proposent une compréhension de la dynamique familiale. Ils utilisent pour cela un médiateur groupal projectif, à savoir l’épreuve du dessin de la maison imaginaire, « spatiographie projective ». À travers cet outil ils investiguent la manière dont la famille projette son « nous familial » sur l’espace feuille. Le dessin rend alors compte de la représentation inconsciente du corps familial.
Le corps du psychanalyste en présence
Authors: Robert Philippe
Published: October 2015

La cure-type est une cure de parole. Confrontée au travail clinique avec la psychose, les groupes et les enfants, la clinique psychanalytique a aménagé ses dispositifs de travail et en parallèle proposé différentes avancées théoriques. À travers différentes approches de la relation d’objet, de l’intersubjectivité et de la transsubjectivité, le psychanalyste s’est interrogé sur les limites des frontières psychiques, la mise en lien entre différentes psychés et une entité groupale en tant que telle. En thérapie familiale psychanalytique, le corps de l’analyste est constamment sollicité, pourvu qu’on y soit attentif, au processus de perception/excitation/régression. L’enjeu est de pouvoir accepter que le corps de l’analyste, mais aussi ceux des patients, peuvent s’entendre comme une forme de langage.
Le corps « absent » du couple
Authors: Sommantico Massimiliano
Published: October 2015

À travers quelques extraits d’une psychothérapie psychanalytique de couple conduite en cothérapie, l’auteur essaie de mettre en lumière le difficile passage du couple conjugal au couple parental, en ce cas une parentalité adoptive. En abordant en premier lieu la question de la filiation adoptive, tout en soulignant que ce moment de l’histoire du couple peut impliquer un affaiblissement, voire une disparition, du désir sexuel, c’est la réalité corporelle-sexuelle du couple qui va être mise en question. À partir d’une demande de psychothérapie, suite à une crise du couple apparemment liée à un manque de confiance de l’épouse après que le mari l’avait trompée, plusieurs dimensions seront abordées dans le travail en commun. À travers l’émergence des rêves du couple en particulier, donc dans une dimension interfantasmatique, à travers le travail du néogroupe thérapeutique, ainsi qu’à travers le travail intertransférentiel, le corps « absent » du couple pourra devenir visible, se manifester. Une nouvelle dimension vitale commencera donc à caractériser l’accordage du couple.
Bâtir une société du savoir : les enjeux de l’éducation et de la formation en Afrique
Authors: Camara Kandia
Published: October 2015

L’Afrique doit se construire sur l’éducation et la formation, de façon à sortir de la pauvreté et à se développer vers une économie d’innovation et de valeur ajoutée plutôt que de devenir le nouvel atelier du monde. L’Afrique n’atteindra pas les Objectifs du millénaire fixés il y a cinquante ans, mais en Côte d’Ivoire on s’attelle désormais à poursuivre ceux de l’Agenda 2063, par des réformes structurelles du système éducatif et une mise à niveau des formations. De la scolarité obligatoire de 6 à 16 ans à une formation adaptée à la demande du marché du travail, en se concentrant sur l’amélioration de la qualité de l’enseignement, la société du savoir et de l’intelligence que le gouvernement ivoirien voudrait bâtir par ces démarches sera vecteur d’égalités hommefemme et portée par la jeunesse.
Kuwait is the Past, Dubai is the Present, Doha is the Future
Authors: Gremm Julia , Barth Julia , Stock Wolfgang G.
Published: October 2015

Many cities in the world define themselves as ‘smart.' Is this term appropriate for cities in the emergent Gulf region? This article investigates seven Gulf cities (Kuwait City, Manama, Doha, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, and Muscat) that have once grown rich due to large reserves of oil and gas. Now, with the threat of ending resources, governments focus on the development towards a knowledge society. The authors analyzed the cities in terms of their ‘smartness' or ‘informativeness' by a quantitative survey and by in-depth qualitative interviews (N = 34). Especially Doha in Qatar is well on its way towards an informational city, but also Dubai and Sharjah (both in the United Arab Emirates) make good scores.
Off-label use of thalidomide for the treatment of a bleeding cutaneous metastasis
Authors: Silvestri Federico , Da Porto Andrea , Labombarda Antonella , Mansutti Elisa , Rogato Adolfo
Published: October 2015

We herein describe the case of a 65-year-old man with frequent hospitalizations for severe anemia due to several recurrent bleedings of a cutaneous metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma, and its successful off label treatment with thalidomide therapy for controlling bleeding and reducing transfusion requirements.
Acute dystonia in a patient with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Kontoangelos Konstantinos , Maillis Antonis , Maltezou Maria , Tsiori Sofia , Papageorgiou Charalambos C.
Published: October 2015

The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (di George syndrome) is one of the most prevalent genetic disorders. The clinical features of the syndrome are distinct facial appearance, velopharyngeal insufficiency, conotruncal heart disease, parathyroid and immune dysfunction; however, little is known about possible neurodegenerative diseases. We describe the case of an 18-year old patient suffering from 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Since adolescence, he presented with behavioral disorders, recommended treatment with 2 mg aloperidin and he presented cervical dystonia and emergence of torticollis and trunk dystonia. Antipsychotic medications either accelerate or reveal dystonic symptoms.
Периодические решения квазилинейного уравнения вынужденных колебаний балки с однородными граничными условиями
Authors: Rudakov Igor Alekseevich
Published: October 2015

Доказано существование счетного числа периодических по времени решений квазилинейного уравнения колебаний балки с однородными граничными условиями и периодической по времени правой частью в случае, когда нелинейное слагаемое имеет степенной рост.
Библиография: 13 наименований.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Associated with Brucellosis in Livestock Owners in Jordan
Authors: Musallam Imadidden I. , Abo-Shehada Mahmoud N. , Guitian Javier
Published: October 2015

We evaluated livestock owners' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding brucellosis in Jordan. A questionnaire was administered and biological samples were examined to verify the serological status of animals. Seroprevalence estimates indicated that 18.1% (95% CI: 11–25.3) of cattle herds and 34.3% (95% CI: 28.4–40.4) of small ruminant flocks were seropositive. The results showed that 100% of the interviewed livestock keepers were aware of brucellosis: 87% indicated a high risk of infection if unpasteurized milk is consumed and 75% indicated a high risk if unpasteurized dairy products are consumed. Awareness of the risk of infection through direct contact with fetal membranes or via physical contact with infected livestock is considerably lower, 19% and 13%, respectively. These knowledge gaps manifest in a high frequency of high-risk practices such as assisting in animal parturition (62%), disposing aborted fetuses without protective gloves (71.2%) or masks (65%), and not boiling milk before preparation of dairy products (60%). When brucellosis is suspected, basic hygiene practices are often disregarded and suspect animals are freely traded. Public health education should be enhanced as the disease is likely to remain endemic in the ruminant reservoir as long as a suitable compensation program is not established and trust on available vaccines is regained.
Facilitators and Barriers to Learning in Occupational Therapy Fieldwork Education: Student Perspectives
Authors: Grenier Marie-Lyne
Published: October 2015

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the facilitators of and barriers to learning within occupational therapy fieldwork education from the perspective of both Canadian and American students.

METHOD. A qualitative study using an online open survey format was conducted to gather data from 29 occupational therapy students regarding their fieldwork experiences. An inductive grounded theory approach to content analysis was used.

RESULTS. Individual, environmental, educational, and institutional facilitators of and barriers to learning within occupational therapy fieldwork education were identified.

CONCLUSION. This study’s findings suggest that learning within fieldwork education is a highly individual and dynamic process that is influenced by numerous factors. The new information generated by this study has the potential to positively affect the future design and implementation of fieldwork education.
Dietary Lippia citriodora extract in rabbit feeding: effects on quality of carcass and meat
Authors: Palazzo M. , Vizzarri F. , Nardoia M. , Ratti S. , Pastorelli G. , Casamassima D.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. Due to consumer demand, in recent years considerable attention has been focused on the use of natural compounds in animal feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary natural extract from Lippia citriodora (commonly named "limoncina"), titrated in verbascoside, on quality, measured as oxidative stability, fatty acid composition, alpha-tocopherol and retinol content and sensory traits of rabbit meat. Forty-five New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to three age- and body-weight-balanced feeding groups of 15 animals each in which a conventional pelleted diet (CON) was supplemented with 1 or 2 kg t−1 (low natural-extract (LNE) and high natural-extract (HNE) groups, respectively) of Lippia citriodora extract for 55 days. No influence on carcass characteristics and the chemical composition of meat was observed. A trend for a positive effect on alpha-tocopherol tissue content (P = 0.07) and on thiobarbituric reactive substance (TBARS) values was observed (P = 0.063) in Longissimus Lumborum muscle from the HNE group. The fatty acid profile of the meat was affected by dietary treatment with a significant decrease (P = 0.001) in saturated fatty acids and an increase (P = 0.01) in polyunsaturated fatty acids in both treated groups compared to the CON group. The supplementation with natural extract at the highest dosage improved the tenderness and juiciness of meat, highlighting a better consistency than CON and LNE groups. In conclusion, this study shows that the natural extract used has the potential to improve rabbit meat in order to produce functional food, without altering the chemical and physical characteristics of meat.
Development of a high temporal-spatial resolution vehicle emission inventory based on NRT traffic data and its impact on air pollution in Beijing – Part 1: Development and evaluation of vehicle emission inventory
Authors: Jing B. Y. , Wu L. , Mao H. J. , Gong S. L. , He J. J. , Zou C. , Song G. H. , Li X. Y. , Wu Z.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. As the ownership of vehicles and frequency of utilization increase, vehicle emissions have become an important source of air pollution in Chinese cities. An accurate emission inventory for on-road vehicles is necessary for numerical air quality simulation and the assessment of implementation strategies. This paper presents a bottom-up methodology based on the local emission factors, complemented with the widely used emission factors of Computer Programme to Calculate Emissions from Road Transport (COPERT) model and near real time (NRT) traffic data on road segments to develop a high temporal-spatial resolution vehicle emission inventory (HTSVE) for the urban Beijing area. To simulate real-world vehicle emissions accurately, the road has been divided into segments according to the driving cycle (traffic speed) on this road segment. The results show that the vehicle emissions of NOx, CO, HC and PM were 10.54 × 104, 42.51 × 104 and 2.13 × 104 and 0.41 × 104 Mg, respectively. The vehicle emissions and fuel consumption estimated by the model were compared with the China Vehicle Emission Control Annual Report and fuel sales thereafter. The grid-based emissions were also compared with the vehicular emission inventory developed by the macro-scale approach. This method indicates that the bottom-up approach better estimates the levels and spatial distribution of vehicle emissions than the macro-scale method, which relies on more information. Additionally, the on-road vehicle emission inventory model and control effect assessment system in Beijing, a vehicle emission inventory model, was established based on this study in a companion paper (He et al., 2015).
Multi-satellite study of the excitation of Pc3 and Pc4-5 ULF waves and their penetration across the plasmapause during the 2003 Halloween superstorm
Authors: Balasis G. , Daglis I. A. , Mann I. R. , Papadimitriou C. , Zesta E. , Georgiou M. , Haagmans R. , Tsinganos K.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. We use multi-satellite and ground-based magnetic data to investigate the concurrent characteristics of Pc3 (22–100 mHz) and Pc4-5 (1–22 mHz) ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves on the 31 October 2003 during the Halloween magnetic superstorm. ULF waves are seen in the Earth's magnetosphere, topside ionosphere, and Earth's surface, enabling an examination of their propagation characteristics. We employ a time–frequency analysis technique and examine data from when the Cluster and CHAMP spacecraft were in good local time (LT) conjunction near the dayside noon–midnight meridian. We find clear evidence of the excitation of both Pc3 and Pc4-5 waves, but more significantly we find a clear separation in the L shell of occurrence of the Pc4-5 and Pc3 waves in the equatorial inner magnetosphere, separated by the density gradients at the plasmapause boundary layer. A key finding of the wavelet spectral analysis of data collected from the Geotail, Cluster, and CHAMP spacecraft and the CARISMA and GIMA magnetometer networks was a remarkably clear transition of the waves' frequency into dominance in a higher-frequency regime within the Pc3 range. Analysis of the local field line resonance frequency suggests that the separation of the Pc4-5 and Pc3 emissions across the plasmapause is consistent with the structure of the inhomogeneous field line resonance Alfvén continuum. The Pc4-5 waves are consistent with direct excitation by the solar wind in the plasma trough, as well as Pc3 wave absorption in the plasmasphere following excitation by upstream waves originating at the bow shock in the local noon sector. However, despite good solar wind coverage, our study was not able to unambiguously identify a clear explanation for the sharp universal time (UT) onset of the discrete frequency and large-amplitude Pc3 wave power.
Hosed vs. unhosed: global response to interruptions of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning, with and without freshwater forcing
Authors: Brown N. , Galbraith E. D.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. It is well known that glacial periods were punctuated by abrupt climate changes, with large impacts on air temperature, precipitation, and ocean circulation across the globe. However, the long-held idea that freshwater forcing, caused by massive iceberg discharges, was the driving force behind these changes has been questioned in recent years. This throws into doubt the abundant literature on modelling abrupt climate change through "hosing" experiments, whereby the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is interrupted by an injection of freshwater to the North Atlantic: if some, or all, abrupt climate change was not driven by freshwater input, could its character have been very different than the typical hosed experiments? Here, we take advantage of a global coupled ocean–atmosphere model that exhibits spontaneous, unhosed oscillations in AMOC strength, in order to examine how the global imprint of AMOC variations depends on whether or not it is the result of external freshwater input. The results imply that, to first order, the ocean–ice–atmosphere dynamics associated with an AMOC weakening dominate the global response, regardless of whether or not freshwater input is the cause. The exception lies in the impact freshwater inputs can have on the strength of other polar haloclines, particularly the Southern Ocean, to which freshwater can be transported relatively quickly after injection in the North Atlantic.
Vertical distribution of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton community composition from in situ fluorescence profiles: a first database for the global ocean
Authors: Sauzède R. , Lavigne H. , Claustre H. , Uitz J. , Schmechtig C. , D'Ortenzio F. , Guinet C. , Pesant S.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. In vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence is a proxy of chlorophyll a concentration, and is one of the most frequently measured biogeochemical properties in the ocean. Thousands of profiles are available from historical databases and the integration of fluorescence sensors to autonomous platforms has led to a significant increase of chlorophyll fluorescence profile acquisition. To our knowledge, this important source of environmental data has not yet been included in global analyses. A total of 268 127 chlorophyll fluorescence profiles from several databases as well as published and unpublished individual sources were compiled. Following a robust quality control procedure detailed in the present paper, about 49 000 chlorophyll fluorescence profiles were converted into phytoplankton biomass (i.e., chlorophyll a concentration) and size-based community composition (i.e., microphytoplankton, nanophytoplankton and picophytoplankton), using a method specifically developed to harmonize fluorescence profiles from diverse sources. The data span over 5 decades from 1958 to 2015, including observations from all major oceanic basins and all seasons, and depths ranging from the surface to a median maximum sampling depth of around 700 m. Global maps of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton community composition are presented here for the first time. Monthly climatologies were computed for three of Longhurst's ecological provinces in order to exemplify the potential use of the data product. Original data sets (raw fluorescence profiles) as well as calibrated profiles of phytoplankton biomass and community composition are available on open access at PANGAEA, Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science. Raw fluorescence profiles: http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.844212 and Phytoplankton biomass and community composition: http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.844485
The periglacial engine of mountain erosion – Part 2: Modelling large-scale landscape evolution
Authors: Egholm D. L. , Andersen J. L. , Knudsen M. F. , Jansen J. D. , Nielsen S. B.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. There is growing recognition of strong periglacial control on bedrock erosion in mountain landscapes, including the shaping of low-relief surfaces at high elevations (summit flats). But, as yet, the hypothesis that frost action was crucial to the assumed Late Cenozoic rise in erosion rates remains compelling and untested. Here we present a landscape evolution model incorporating two key periglacial processes – regolith production via frost cracking and sediment transport via frost creep – which together are harnessed to variations in temperature and the evolving thickness of sediment cover. Our computational experiments time-integrate the contribution of frost action to shaping mountain topography over million-year timescales, with the primary and highly reproducible outcome being the development of flattish or gently convex summit flats. A simple scaling of temperature to marine δ18O records spanning the past 14 Myr indicates that the highest summit flats in mid- to high-latitude mountains may have formed via frost action prior to the Quaternary. We suggest that deep cooling in the Quaternary accelerated mechanical weathering globally by significantly expanding the area subject to frost. Further, the inclusion of subglacial erosion alongside periglacial processes in our computational experiments points to alpine glaciers increasing the long-term efficiency of frost-driven erosion by steepening hillslopes.
ECCO version 4: an integrated framework for non-linear inverse modeling and global ocean state estimation
Authors: Forget G. , Campin J.-M. , Heimbach P. , Hill C. N. , Ponte R. M. , Wunsch C.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. This paper presents the ECCO v4 non-linear inverse modeling framework and its baseline solution for the evolving ocean state over the period 1992–2011. Both components are publicly available and subjected to regular, automated regression tests. The modeling framework includes sets of global conformal grids, a global model setup, implementations of data constraints and control parameters, an interface to algorithmic differentiation, as well as a grid-independent, fully capable Matlab toolbox. The baseline ECCO v4 solution is a dynamically consistent ocean state estimate without unidentified sources of heat and buoyancy, which any interested user will be able to reproduce accurately. The solution is an acceptable fit to most data and has been found to be physically plausible in many respects, as documented here and in related publications. Users are being provided with capabilities to assess model–data misfits for themselves. The synergy between modeling and data synthesis is asserted through the joint presentation of the modeling framework and the state estimate. In particular, the inverse estimate of parameterized physics was instrumental in improving the fit to the observed hydrography, and becomes an integral part of the ocean model setup available for general use. More generally, a first assessment of the relative importance of external, parametric and structural model errors is presented. Parametric and external model uncertainties appear to be of comparable importance and dominate over structural model uncertainty. The results generally underline the importance of including turbulent transport parameters in the inverse problem.
A methodological approach of estimating resistance to flow under unsteady flow conditions
Authors: Mrokowska M. M. , Rowiński P. M. , Kalinowska M. B.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. This paper presents an evaluation and analysis of resistance parameters: friction slope, friction velocity and Manning coefficient in unsteady flow. The methodology to enhance the evaluation of resistance by relations derived from flow equations is proposed. The main points of the methodology are (1) to choose a resistance relation with regard to a shape of a channel and (2) type of wave, (3) to choose an appropriate method to evaluate slope of water depth, and (4) to assess the uncertainty of result. In addition to a critical analysis of existing methods, new approaches are presented: formulae for resistance parameters for a trapezoidal channel, and a translation method instead of Jones' formula to evaluate the gradient of flow depth. Measurements obtained from artificial dam-break flood waves in a small lowland watercourse have made it possible to apply the method and to analyse to what extent resistance parameters vary in unsteady flow. The study demonstrates that results of friction slope and friction velocity are more sensitive to applying simplified formulae than the Manning coefficient (n). n is adequate as a flood routing parameter but may be misleading when information on trend of resistance with flow rate is crucial. Then friction slope or friction velocity seems to be better choice.
Evaluation of soil salinity amelioration technologies in Timpaki, Crete: a participatory approach
Authors: Panagea I. S. , Daliakopoulos I. N. , Tsanis I. K. , Schwilch G.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. Soil salinity management can be complex, expensive and time demanding, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Besides taking no action, possible management strategies include amelioration and adaptation measures. Here we use the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies (WOCAT) framework for the systematic analysis and evaluation of soil salinisation amelioration technologies in close collaboration with stakeholders. The participatory approach is applied in the RECARE Project Case Study of Timpaki, a semi-arid region in south-central Crete (Greece) where the main land use is horticulture in greenhouses irrigated by groundwater. Excessive groundwater abstractions have resulted in a drop of the groundwater level in the coastal part of the aquifer, thus leading to seawater intrusion and in turn to soil salinisation. The documented technologies are evaluated for their impacts on ecosystem services, cost and input requirements using a participatory approach and field evaluations. Results show that technologies which promote maintaining existing crop types while enhancing productivity and decreasing soil salinity are preferred by the stakeholders. The evaluation concludes that rain water harvesting is the optimal solution for direct soil salinity mitigation, whereas green manuring and the use of biological agents can support increasing production/efficiency and improving soil properties.
Regime Types or Party Systems: What Matters More For Political Instability In The Developing World?
Authors: Moniruzzaman M.
Published: October 2015

Political stability is desired by every state. But is it contingent upon regime types or party systems? Existing studies on political stability suggest that regimes such as authoritarianism, democracy, and dictatorship and their variants have variously influenced political stability. Some have proved to be friendly with political stability in certain countries, while counterproductive for some other. However, the existing literature has exclusively focused on regime types alone neglecting the factor of party systems. This article argues that not only regime types but party systems also influence political stability. Based on data from Asia, Africa and Latin America this article examines the following four assumptions. Firstly, absolute monarchy and absolute authoritarianism together with no or one party system generally maintain political stability. Secondly, constitutional monarchies together with multiparty system generally maintain political stability. Thirdly, presidentialism together with dominant party system generally maintains political stability. And finally, parliamentarianism together with multi-party system is generally negatively related with political stability.
God Is a White Racist
Authors: Finley Stephen C. , Gray Biko Mandela
Published: October 2015

African Americans and their ancestors have been subjected to forms of violence premised upon the supremacy of the state as ultimate, immutable, transcendent. This supremacy usually manifests itself as an insidious, covert form of white supremacy coded as “law and order.” This article investigates the nature of white supremacy as state violence in the wake of the deaths of both Eric Garner and Mike Brown, arguing that the vindication of police officers is a form of theodicy, one that protects the divine state from charges of injustice and, more bluntly, evil. The response to this theodicean form of reasoning—a form that consistently subjects Black bodies to multiple forms of suffering and death and justifies that death by recourse to the power of this state—is atheism. This form of atheism is not a rejection of the traditional concept of God but rather an immanent atheism that rejects the transmutation of the state as divine and above reproach.
OXIMETRIA DE PULSO EM TRIAGEM DE CARDIOPATIAS CONGÊNITAS: CONHECIMENTO E ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO
Authors: Medeiros Ana Lúcia , Freitas Talita Bezerra , Araújo Juliana Sousa Soares , Mattos Sandra Silva
Published: October 2015

A oximetria de pulso nas unidades neonatais apresenta-se como um processo de triagem de cardiopatias congênitas graves. O estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o nível de informação e a atuação dos enfermeiros na oximetria de pulso realizada nos recém-nascidos de uma maternidade pública do município de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Trata-se de estudo descritivo com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, realizado com 13 enfermeiras assistenciais através de entrevista semiestruturada no período de janeiro a março de 2015. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria das enfermeiras tem conhecimento sobre o teste do coraçãozinho, a justificativa para realizá-lo, os parâmetros de normalidades da saturação de oxigênio, assim como as condutas que devem ser tomadas diante de um resultado alterado. No entanto, 84,6% referiram dificuldades na sua implantação em virtude de modificar a rotina da assistência de enfermagem. Acredita-se que o teste do coraçãozinho para triagem de cardiopatias congênitas traz bons resultados na captação precoce dessas malformações.
Ansiedade, Depressão e Qualidade de Vida de Pais no Tratamento da Paralisia Cerebral Infantilão dos filhos portadores de paralisia cerebral
Authors: Pereira Lorena Mirele , Kohlsdorf Marina
Published: October 2015

A Paralisia Cerebral é uma disfunção sensorial e motora que exige dos pais intensos cuidados com ofilho. Este estudo avaliou a depressão, ansiedade e qualidade de vida de 27 pais de crianças portadorasde Paralisia Cerebral. Foram utilizados dois questionários (Inventários Beck de Ansiedade eDepressão) e um roteiro de entrevista. Os resultados mostraram que dezoito participantesapresentaram ansiedade leve ou mínima e a depressão foi verificada em dez pais. As entrevistasdestacaram dificuldades de ordem financeira e profissional como moderadoras relevantes daadaptação ao tratamento. Tornam-se necessárias ações em políticas públicas que possam minimizar oscustos operacionais e dificuldades financeiras associados ao tratamento da paralisia cerebral.