bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesalahan Berbahasa Indonesia pada Penulisan Media Luar Ruang di Kecamatan Mesuji Makmur
Authors: Widodo Mulyanto , Febriyanto Dedi
Published: July 2022

Facts on the ground show that there are still many mistakes in the practice of speaking Indonesian in the community. The Indonesian language errors in question include errors in the oral and written realms. In the realm of writing, Indonesian language errors are often found in outdoor media, such as posters and bulletin boards. This study aims to describe errors in Indonesian in writing outdoor media in Mesuji Makmur District. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. The data in this study are in the form of words, sentences, or discourses that are obtained directly in the field through various outdoor media, such as posters, bulletin boards, stretch cloth, and similar media in the Mesuji Makmur sub-district. As for analyzing the data, the following steps were used; (1) data reduction, (2) data presentation, (3) temporary conclusion drawing, and (4) verification. The results showed various forms of language errors were found in the writing of outdoor media in the Mesuji Makmur sub-district. The errors in question include; (1) spelling errors, (2) word choice errors, (3) morphological errors, and (4) errors in the use of prepositions
On the Growth of Solutions of Nonhomogeneous Higher order Complex Linear Differential Equations
Authors: Alkhalidy Ayad
Published: July 2022

The nonhomogeneous higher order linear complex differential equation (HOLCDE) with meromorphic (or entire) functions is considered in this paper. The results are obtained by putting some conditions on the coefficients to prove that the hyper order of any nonzero solution of this equation equals the order of one of its coefficients in case the coefficients are meromorphic functions. In this case, the conditions were put are that the lower order of one of the coefficients dominates the maximum of the convergence exponent of the zeros sequence of it, the lower order of both of the other coefficients and the nonhomogeneous part and that the solution has infinite order. Whiles in case the coefficients are entire functions, any nonzero solution with finite order has hyper order equals to the lower order of one of its coefficients is proved. In this case, the condition that the lower order of one of the coefficients is greater than the maximum of the lower order of the other coefficients and the lower order of the nonhomogeneous part is assumed.
The Classical Continuous Optimal Control for Quaternary Nonlinear Parabolic Boundary Value Problems with State Vector Constraints
Authors: Al-Hawasy Jamil Amir , A. Abdul-Hussien Al-Anbaki Wissam
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to study the quaternary classical continuous optimal control problem consisting of the quaternary nonlinear parabolic boundary value problem, the cost function, and the equality and inequality constraints on the state and the control. Under appropriate hypotheses, it is demonstrated that the quaternary classical continuous optimal control ruling by the quaternary nonlinear parabolic boundary value problem has a quaternary classical continuous optimal control vector that satisfies the equality constraint and inequality state and control constraint. Moreover, mathematical formulation of the quaternary adjoint equations related to the quaternary state equations is discovered, and then the weak form of the quaternary adjoint equations is obtained. Lastly, both the necessary conditions for optimality and sufficient conditions for optimality of the proposed problem are stated and proved. The derivation for the Fréchet derivative of the Hamiltonian is attained.
Subject Review on Some Analytical Methods for Determination of Fosfomycin Drugs
Authors: Khalil Ali , Al-Janabi Khalid Waleed S. , Dheyab Sallal Takleef
Published: July 2022

Medicines comprising fosfomycin are prescribed for urinary tract infections. These drugs are available for oral use as tromethamine and calcium, while fosfomycin-sodium and disodium are given for intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM). Many quantitative analytical methods have been reported to estimate Fosfomycin in blood, urine, plasma, serum, and pharmaceutical dosage formulations. Some techniques were spectrophotometric, mass spectrometry, gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and electrochemical methods. Here we perform a rapid narrative review that discusses and comparison between them of various analytical methods for the determination of Fosfomycin-containing drugs.
The Change in the Land Cover of Mahmudiyah City in Iraq for the Last Three Decades
Authors: Majed Mushtaq , AbdulJabbar Hameed Majeed
Published: July 2022

The land cover of Mahmudiyah city, located south of the capital, Baghdad - Iraq, was studied for the period from 1986 to 2021 with five years between every two successive scenes, where Landsat scenes were used downloaded from the US Geological Survey (USGS ) website with low cloud cover for sensors TM and OLI. The land cover of the study area was classified. The total accuracy of the classification was calculated, as well as the analysis of the user accuracy and the classifier accuracy (maximum likelihood) and its impact on the overall classification accuracy. The lowest accuracy value in 2009 was (85.101% (and the highest accuracy value in 1995) was 95.654%). The constancy percentage of the class for the adopted years was calculated and compared to 1986 as a reference year to determine the changes in the land cover of the study area. It was found that there were changes in the classes influencing one the other, and the constancy percentage of the class was low due to environmental influences and human factors. The constancy percentage of the urban class was recorded at 50%, while the other classes did not exceed this rate since they suffered from the overlap of their spectral response. The low spatial resolution of the Landsat scenes (30 meters per pixel) led to recording omissions and commission, which decreased the overall classification accuracy.
Identifikasi Limbah Pelumas Bekas Kendaraan Bermotor Roda 2 dan 4 di Kota Pontianak
Authors: Ursula Natalia , Nurhidayati Ely , Mulki Gusti Zulkifli
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK Limbah pelumas bekas merupakan salah satu limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun dari usaha perbengkelan kendaraan bermotor. Penggantian pelumas wajib dilakukan pengguna kendaraan bermotor untuk menjaga performa kendaraan dalam kondisi baik. Penelitian ini memiliki rumusan masalah terkait manajemen pengelolaan limbah pelumas bekas kendaraan bermotor roda 2 dan 4, yang bertujuan menganalisis manajemen limbah pelumas bekas kendaraan bermotor di Kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Metode sampel acak digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel usaha perbengkelan. Limbah pelumas bekas akan disimpan kedalam drum berbahan logam, jeriken berbahan plastik, maupun bak penampungan. Pengangkutan limbah pelumas bekas dilakukan oleh pihak pengumpul berizin dan masyarakat umum. Pemanfaatan limbah oleh masyarakat umum digunakan untuk mesin gergaji kayu (senso), mesin perahu motor air, mesin cuci motor, dan mesin pembuat tahu. Kata Kuci: Limbah Pelumas Bekas, Kendaraan Bermotor, Kota Pontianak ABSTRACT Used lubricating oil is one of the hazardous and toxic wastes in the motor vehicle repair business. Lubricating is required to change to maintain motor vehicles in good condition. This research has a problem formulation about management used lubricating oil of motorcycles and cars, for analyze used lubricating oil in Pontianak City. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. This study used data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The sampling technique is a random sampling method the workshop business. Used lubricating oil will save in an oil drum from metal material, a jerrycan from plastic material, and an oil reservoir. Aggregation of used lubricating oil has been taken from the collector of used lubricating oil and the general public. The use of lubricating oil used by the general public was used for wood saws, water motorboat machines, washing machines, and tofu-making machines. Keyword: Used Lubricating Oli, Motor Vehicle, Pontianak City
TEACHING INDUSTRY : PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH KACA MENJADI PRODUK KONSTRUKSI
Authors: Rahmawati Cut , Muhtadin Muhtadin , Faisal Muhammad , Iqbal Iqbal , Zardi Muhammad , Meliyana Meliyana , Nasruddin Nasruddin
Published: July 2022

Konsep teaching industry dalam era merdeka belajar yang digagas Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan Riset dan Teknologi telah mendorong kolaborasi antara dosen dengan mitra industri dalam mengembangkankan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini mengusung tema pemanfaatan limbah kaca pada produk konstruksi non-struktural. Limbah kaca merupakan material yang terbuang dan belum dimanfaatkan secara baik. Limbah kaca kaya akan silika, oleh karena itu sangat baik dijadikan pengganti sebagian semen karena kandungan tertinggi semen adalah silika. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan terlebih dahulu mencari informasi permasalahan mitra dalam melaksanakan produksi dan dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan. Modifikasi ukuran partikel dilakukan dengan alat penghancur kaca hingga didapat ukuran rata-rata 50 µm. Serbuk kaca ini digunakan untuk menggantikan sebagian semen dalam pembuatan lubang angin. Produk yang dihasilkan menunjukkan kuat tekan dan daya serap air sebesar masing-masing 9,23 MPa dan 8,76% dan dinyatakan layak untuk digunakan pada bangunan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini memberikan dampak positif pada mitra yaitu mitra sudah dapat mengaplikasikan limbah kaca menjadi produk berguna dan benilai ekonomis. Kolaborasi ini telah menjadikan Universitas Abulyatama sebagai motor inovasi reka cipta untuk mendorong akselerasi hilirisasi riset dosen.
El artista y la ilustración
Authors: Zóbel Fernando
Published: July 2022

Alicia lo dejó bien claro cuando dijo “y de qué sirve un libro si no tiene ilustraciones ni diálogos” para lograr su fin; el hecho es que un buen libro ilustrado con las imágenes adecuadas es un placer para la mente y la vista del lector. Ciertos libros, de hecho, han llegado a ser una unidad inseparable con sus ilustradores. El mismo libro de Alicia parece tanto una creación de Tenniel como de Dodgson, el Quijote de Doré desafía la versión de Daumier y la Salomé de Wilde es casi imposible de concebir sin la ...
Diseño de criaturas. Melvin, el Gato de la Duquesa
Authors: Moreno Mañas José Luis
Published: July 2022

El diseño de una criatura comienza por concretar el género en el que se vaya a trabajar. El género steampunk acota de cierta manera la naturaleza de una criatura, puesto que se basa en la fantasía de una sociedad indus- trializada que utiliza el vapor para el funcionamiento de toda su maquinaria. El objetivo es crear un ser mecá- nico, y me puedo permitir cierto grado de fantasía mientras su diseño parezca creíble. Tener en cuenta en todo momento estas características es muy importante, ya que todo proyecto...
STRESS-STRAIN STATE AND STRENGTH CALCULATIONS OF DAMAGED STRUCTURES USING “LIRA − SAPR” SOFWARE TOOLS
Authors: BARABASH M.S. , KOSTYRA N.O. , TOMASHEVSKYI A.V.
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the results of inspection and assessment of the bearing capacity of damaged reinforced concrete beams of a multi-storey garage. Bending process of normal cross-sections of damaged beams was modeled using a nonlinear deformation model of the system “Cross-Section Designer” by “LIRA−SAPR” software package. The nonlinear deformation model, realized in the most general numerical form, allows to process various forms and configurations of reinforcement of sections with various nonlinear stress-strain diagrams of materials, which allows to model thus damaged sections of structures in operation, considering corrosion effects. The paper presents the results of numerical modeling of the damaged cross-section using provided technology in order to calculate bearing capacity decrease percent of damaged structure in comparison with its initial state. It also demonstrates a method of applying this technology for the definition of cross-sectional parameters during reconstruction in order to restore structure bearing capacity.
INTRODUCTION OF A RISK-ORIENTED APPROACH TO THE DEFINITION OF THE OCCURRENCE THREAT AND POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE TYPICAL SITUATIONS INFLUENCE IN THE CIVIL SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: ROMANISHYNA O.V. , MYSLIBORSKYI V. V.
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. Emergencies of natural and technogenic nature in the form of industrial accidents, fires, explosions, releases of harmful and hazardous chemicals lead to health damage, fatal consequences, environmental pollution, destruction of buildings, structures and industrial facilities. Ukraine has a number of legislative and regulatory instruments for the application of emergency and accident risk analysis and assessment methods. These documents are aimed at the state supervisory authorities' assessment of the risks of natural phenomena and activities that are accompanied by emergencies and their negative impact on the population and the environment. According to Ukrainian legislation, a business entity identifies high-risk objects, must conduct a safety investigation and an emergencies risks assessment and their impact on people and environment. The business entity also prepares and submits to the local authorities a safety declaration of high-risk object. The purpose of the article. The article aims to consider the issue of emergency and accident risk analysis and its assessment methodology. Risk indicator analysis makes it possible to compare the actions of different hazard factors in terms of their nature, time of effect and consequences. The opportunity to highlight and focus on production facilities, technologies, natural systems to prevent emergencies related to them was appeared. Conclusions. The estimation of emergencies and accidents risks should be based on statistical data, on the results of control and supervision for the potentially dangerous objects technical condition, on the conclusions of emergencies monitoring and prediction, on the construction of a model for hazardous situations occurrence and impact and calculation of the consequences of its impact.
THE PECULIARITIES OF THE FRACTURE OF HETEROPHASE INCLUSIONS OF THE TYPE "HIGH- MELTING PHASE SURROUNDED BY A LIGHT-MELTING SHELL" IN THE DEFORMATION OF STEELS
Authors: GUBENKO S.I.
Published: July 2022

Purpose.  The aim of the work was to study of the peculiarities of crack initiation in heterophase inclusions of the "high-melting phase surrounded by a low-melting shell" type during deformation of steels. Methods. The destruction of heterophase inclusions of various types was investigated during deformation of specimens from steels 08T, 08Yu, 12GS, 08kp, 09G2S, NB-57, 08GSYuTF in the temperature range 20...1 200 °C [1; 5]. Samples of steels were subjected to tension, compression and bending in vacuum at temperatures of 20…1 200 °C on Instron-1195 and IMASH-5C with special grippers, the movement speed of which was 20 mm / min. Methods of investigation –petrography and optical microscopy (Neophot-21) were used. Results. It was found that in the process of deformation of the steels in different temperature regimes, microcracks originating near heterophase inclusions of the "high-melting phase surrounded by low-melting shell" type can be brittle and ductile. In this case, the role of the level of plasticity of the phases making up the inclusion, which depends on the deformation temperature, is important. The features of microcrack initiation are shown for different combinations of plastic and non-deformable phases of inclusions. The interaction of heterophase inclusions and a steel matrix during deformation is analyzed. It has been established that the nucleation and growth of microcracks within inclusions of the "high-melting phase surrounded by a low-melting shell" type occurs both in the phases and along the internal interphase boundaries. Scientific novelty. Specific features of the initiation of microcracks associated with heterophase inclusions of the " high-melting phase surrounded by a low-melting shell" type, which have a different combination of brittle and plastic phases during deformation of steels, have been established. It is shown that the critical degrees of deformation of the samples, upon reaching which noticeable microcracks appeared along the internal interphase boundaries, depend on the temperature and the nature of the phases of the inclusions. Practical significance. The use of the results obtained will make it possible to develop technologies for producing steels with regulated types of heterophase nonmetallic inclusions, which will significantly increase their technological and operational characteristics, as well as prevent the formation of various kinds of defects during the processing of steels by pressure and the operation of products.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE PROCESS OF SELF-HEATING OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETERMINING THE TIME OF THE FIRE INITIATION
Authors: BILIAIEV М.М. , BERLOV O.V. , BILIAIEVA V.V. , KOZACHYNA V.A.
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. The problem of forecasting the dynamics of heating the embankment of vegetable raw materials due to the action of microorganisms is considered. The activity of microorganisms leads to a local increase in temperature in the embankment of vegetable raw materials, which leads, over time, to a fire in the elevator. Estimating the period of time during which an elevator fire may occur is a particularly important task. The purpose of the article. Development of a numerical multi-parametric model for calculating the process of heating the embankment of vegetable raw materials in the elevator in order to determine the time when a fire may occur in the storage. Methodology. A two-dimensional heat transfer equation (energy equation) is used for mathematical modeling of the heating process of an embankment of plant raw materials. This equation takes into account the possibility of calculating the temperature field in the presence of layers with different thermal properties in the plant material embankment. For the numerical integration of the two-dimensional heat transfer equation, two finite-difference schemes are used. To construct the first finite-difference scheme, the analytical splitting of the modeling heat transfer equation into two steps is carried out. At each step of the splitting, the unknown temperature value is determined according to an explicit “running calculation” scheme. The second finite difference scheme is an explicit scheme for the numerical integration of the two-dimensional heat transfer equation. Scientific novelty. An effective numerical model has been developed that allows to quickly determine how the temperature field inside the embankment of plant raw materials changes with time by the method of a computational experiment in order to determine the time of a possible fire at the elevator. The model takes into account the most significant physical factors affecting the heating process of the plant material embankment. Practical significance. On the basis of the developed model, a computer program was created that allows in real time to determine the temperature field inside the embankment of plant raw materials on the elevator. The numerical model will be useful for analyzing the risk of fire in elevators and developing measures to reduce the occurrence of this extreme situation. Conclusions. A numerical model and a computer program that implements it on a computer have been created, which allows the method of computational experiment to study the dynamics of heating the embankment of vegetable raw materials and predict the time of possible fire. The developed computer program can be implemented on low and medium power computers. The results of a computational experiment are presented.
Influences of Biopetrol-Ethanol Fuel on Performance and Emission in Internal Combustion Engine
Authors:   Centre of Automotive and Powertrain Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA, Jaat Norrizam , Tukijan Johari ,   Centre of Automotive and Powertrain Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA, Mat Nawi Nazuandie ,   Centre of Automotive and Powertrain Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA, Khalid Amir ,   Centre of Automotive and Powertrain Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA, Sapit Azwan ,   Centre for Energy and Industrial Environment Studies (CEIES), Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing   Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA, Mohd Sofian ,   Centre for Energy and Industrial Environment Studies (CEIES), Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing   Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to experimentally investigate the engine performance and pollutant emission of a commercial SI engine using ethanol–gasoline blended fuels with various blended rates (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%). Fuel properties of ethanol–gasoline blended fuels were first examined by the standard ASTM methods. Results showed that by increasing the ethanol content, the heating value of the blended fuels is decreased, while the octane number of the blended fuels increases. It was also found that with the increment of ethanol content, the Reid vapor pressure of the blended fuels initially increases to a maximum at 10% ethanol addition, and then decreases. Results of the engine test indicated that using ethanol–gasoline blended fuels, torque output and fuel consumption of the engine slightly increase; CO and HC emissions decrease dramatically as a result of the leaning effect caused by the ethanol addition; and CO2 emission increases because of the improved combustion. Finally, it was noted that NOx emission depends on the engine operating condition rather than the ethanol content.
A comprehensive approach to the application of types of technology
Authors: Bazrov Boris
Published: July 2022

All types of technology: single, typical, batch, modular, are viewed; their content, advantages and disadvantages are defined. An approach to their co-use, which ensures the highest productivity, has been proposed
Methods of ultrasonic surface plastic deformation
Authors: Nigmetzyanov Ravil , Prikhodko Vyachyeslav , Sundukov Sergey , Sukhov Alexandr , Fatyukhin Dmitriy
Published: July 2022

The existing classification features of ultrasonic surface plastic deformation methods are viewed and their technological capabilities are studied. Methods of ultrasonic surface plastic deformation classification are proposed
Kajian Terhadap Putusan Batal Demi Hukum Tanpa Perintah Penahanan (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 69/PUU-X/2012)
Authors: Rifai Eddy
Published: July 2022

Thispaperexaminesthe decisionaboutthe null andvoidwithout anarrestwarrant (the decision of the Constitutional Court No. 69/PUU-X/2012). From the results of the discussion suggests that the Criminal Code does not provide an explanation of the term “null and void”. The term “null and void” in the sense of directing an action does not match the Criminal Procedure Code. Criminal Procedure Code provides limitatif limits on detention, both for conditions of detention, agency/law enforcement detain and duration of detention, where errors in detention may be submitted claim for compensation. Constitutional Court Decision No. 69/PUU-X/2012 dated 22 November 2012 stating that the court decision does not comply with Article 197 paragraph (1) Criminal Code specifically on the restraining order was not void is not appropriate, because the terms of the restraining order is necessary for the detention status of the accused, whether fixed detained or released or against the accused who were not arrested were ordered to be detained. Court decisions that do not comply with Article 197 paragraph (1) Criminal Code specifically about a restraining order is null and void. Against the decision of the void can be corrected by the court restraining order stating thereon.
Implikasi Re-Eksistensi Tap Mpr dalam Hierarki peraturan perundang- Undangan terhadap Jaminan atas Kepastian Hukum yang adil di Indonesia
Authors: Wicaksono Dian Agung
Published: July 2022

Post-enactment of Act Nr. 12 of 2011, MPR Decree was put again the hierarchy of legislation, which cause problems in the context of the state of law of Indonesia. This was normative legal research. Now, the number of MPR Decree is only 6 decrees remaining, so re-existence and placement of MPR Decree is not relevant. Hierarchy should be made by simplification approach by reducing the nomenclature of law in the hierarchy of legislation. MPR Decree should have not been included in the hierarchy, especially under the Constitution. If the MPR Decree still be placed under the Constitution, we need to hold the mechanism to review MPR Decree, if there is a contradiction with the Constitution or the restriction of human rights, which actually should not be limited by the MPR.
Eksistensi Undang-Undang Sebagai Produk Hukum dalam Pemenuhan Keadilan Bagi Rakyat (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 50/PUU-X/2012)
Authors: Wijayanti Winda
Published: July 2022

Legislation in its formation is influenced by the direction of policy. Prolegnas often defeated by political interests, that determination depends on the political direction of the lawmakers that the legislation referred to as a political product. Prolegnas is part of the political establishment and management of legislation that are instrument-building program planning Act arranged in a planned, integrated, and systematic is needed to organize the national legal system. The Law 12/2011 indicates that the substantive content of the law must satisfy the principle  of  justice and the rule of law.  In addition, the preparation of legislation must meet   the elements of the rule of law, benefits, and equity in equal proportion. Thus, the Law 2/2012 that was in the National Legislation Program is a legal product that can provide justice for the people.
Konstitusionalitas Kebijakan Belanja Subsidi Bahan Bakar Minyak dalam Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara
Authors: Abidin M. Zainul
Published: July 2022

The aims of  this  research  was  first,  examining  the  harmony  of  the  policy  of fuel subsidy in the State  Budget  Law  based  on  the  1945  Constitution  of  the Republic of Indonesia and second, observing the subsidy policy  can  be  taken under Article 33 and 34 of the Constitution. This research used the literature studies. Data obtained from literature studies  were  discriptively  and  qualitativly  analyzed  used  by  the  laws  and  public  finance   theories. It was concluded that the allocation policy of fuel subsidy in the budget in accordance with Article 23 paragraph (1) and Article 33 paragraph (3), ie in order to achieve maximum prosperity for the people. In the current situation, the policy of subsidized fuel does not accord the principle of efficiency with justice, continuity, and environmental perspective (Article 33, paragraph 4). Pursuant to Article 34 paragraph (1) and (2) Constitution, the subsidy policy should be focused to meet the needs of the poor / impoverished persons, inadequate and underprivileged.
Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai Human Rights Court
Authors: Kurnia Titon Slamet
Published: July 2022

MKRI is a new governmental body which was established under the Third Amendment of the UUD NRI 1945. This article examines its proper function which underlies its jurisdiction to review the constitutionality of legislation. According to the issue, this article argues that MKRI should be treated as a human rights court whenever it undertakes its jurisdiction to review the constitutionality of legislation. The function of the MKRI as a human rights court justifies its existence and also prescribes principles for its operation. It means that in reviewing the constitutionality of legislation the MKRI should enhance the protection of human rights through its judicial policy and constitutional  interpretation.
Prinsip Tanggung Jawab Orangtua Biologis terhadap Anak Di Luar Perkawinan
Authors: Usman Rachmadi
Published: July 2022

Every children should get law protection, also children who born from unmarried parent. If it is not, that children be a victim, whereas they was born in holy condition without any mistakes, even they was born as a adultery action. The children who born from unmarried parents often get discrimination and stereotype in society. Because that, toward give protection for children who born from unmarried parents and obligate the father to responsible, Constitutional Court decide provision Article 43 paragraph (1) Act Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage is against Constitution of 1945 conditionally, unconstitutional as long as that provision interpretation omit private/civil relation between the man who proved by science and technology and/or other evidence by Law have relationship with their father, and then every children who born from unmarried parents have private/ civil relation not only  with their mother and her family, but also with their father and his family. This decision rise change of meaning and law definition concerning children who born from unmarried parent, include children from adultery couple, as long  as  can  prove by law they have relationship with the man as father also have private/ civil relation with their father and his family. But in other side, Constitutional Court also rise parent (father) biologic principle against children, include children who born from unmarried parent.
Hak Konstitusional Korban atas Pengadilan HAM yang Kompeten, Independen, dan Imparsial
Authors: Nalesti Dewi Yustina Trihoni
Published: July 2022

Court of Human Rights, guarantee a fair trial for the sake of protecting human and human dignity must be realized in line with the principles of the Indonesian nation berketuhanan and equitable. The establishment of a Human Rights Court will be the initial parameters that indicate to what extent the seriousness of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia to protect and promote human rights as mandated by the Pancasila as Cita Law (Rechtsidee). Court of Human Rights also  be a stepping stone towards the reform of the legal system in Indonesia. Guarantees the right to a fair trial under Article 28 D (1) of the Constitution of 1945, which  then further elaborated by Article 24 of the 1945 Constitution of the judicial power. However, what was before the law and According to the law is not necessarily so in fact before the court and According to the court. Empirical experience shows the benefit of victims in court human rights are often violated because of various political interests. In order to maintain accountability of the judicial process at the Human Rights Court, need community involvement as a control in order to increase awareness of the implementation of a fair trial. It is very important is the guarantee of public trials that are part of a fair trial with the aim of protecting the interests of the accused or the victim of the confidentiality of a hearing in the absence of public  scrutiny.
Hakim Konstitusi Adalah Hati dalam Tubuh Mahkamah Konstitusi
Authors: Hardianto Danang
Published: July 2022

Constitutional judges denote a piece of flesh i.e. heart in the body of the Constitutional Court. If it is good, the whole body is good, and if it is bad, or else if it is bad, the whole boy is bad. The good heart is filled by the judges who have impeccable integrity and personality; be fair-minded; and be statesman who have mastered constitution and constitutional law. They therefore have an obligation to make a responsive and prescriptive decision in order to enforce the law based on  the morality and the truth. The decision becomes the sun which will continue to shine and illuminate the life of the country.
Kedudukan Kelompok Minoritas dalam Perspektif HaM dan Perlindungan Hukumnya Di Indonesia
Authors: Zul Fadhli Yogi
Published: July 2022

Minority group is a social entity which can not be denied its existence. The plural minority condition is defined as diversity of the majority on the basis of identity, religion, language, ethnicity, culture or gender. The number is usually not much when compared to the population in a country and be in a dominant position. Vulnerable minority groups become victims of human rights, therefore the legal protection given. In a human rights perspective, this group is at a level equivalent  to other individual rights holders and have special rights. Special rights are not privileges, but rights granted so the dignity of minority groups can be lifted.
Tafsir Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Tentang Sengketa Kepemilikan Pulau Berhala
Authors: Risnain Muh.
Published: July 2022

The Decicion  of Constitutional Court concerning Berhala Island not a dispute  of property belonging under civil law. This dispute are constitutionality of the law concerning establishsing a new local government to the UUD 1945. Under Decicion of Constitutional Court in case No. 32/PUU-X/2012 and No. 62/PUU-X/2012 judge of Constitutional Court interpretation law about establishsing a new local government not based on legal constitutionality of that law to the UUD 1945. The interpretation of judge of Constitutional Court based on recognition and respective to high court decicion in case judicial review about Berhala Island.
Pemilu Serentak dan Masa Depan Konsolidasi Demokrasi
Authors: Arrsa Ria Casmi
Published: July 2022

The development of democracy in Indonesia is running very rapidly after the 1945 amendment. One of the developments within the frame of politics characterized by constitutional formula that provides a basic framework state that sovereignty belongs to the people and carried out in accordance  with  the  Constitution. On the basis of the formulation of the succession of leadership in the executive and legislative branches are directly implemented as the mandate of Article 22 E of paragraph ( 2). However, in practice the constitutional arrangements in the Law Number 42 Year 2008 concerning General Pemlihan President and Vice President shows inconsistent with the statement in the constitution . As set out in Article 3 paragraph ( 5 ) states that the election of President and Vice- President held after an election DPR, DPD and DPRD. At the end of the Constitutional Court through Decision No. 14/PUU-XI/2013 stated that the selection of models is unconstitutional. Based on that assessment constitutionality of norms selection method based  on  the simultaneous interpretation of the constitution of both the original intent and interpretation of history. Design constitutional elections simultaneously referred born as an attempt to shift the direction of the transition towards democracy in the reinforcement system in order consolidation of democratic practice direct democracy tends opaque transactional, corrupt, manipulative, high costs and preserve power can be minimized in the practice of constitutional democracy dimention to understand and sovereignty of the  people.
Judicial Preview Sebagai Mekanisme Verifikasi Konstitusionalitas Suatu Rancangan Undang-Undang
Authors: Kurniawan Alek Karci
Published: July 2022

The many the petition judicial review of legislation, as legislation product Parliament and the President, at the Constitutional Court, indicates law making     as any of the products of law in Indonesia is currently seen by many parties have  not succeeded meet the expectations ofsociety. Contrasts, with a consequence has hundreds of articles that was canceled by Constitutional Courtsince its establishment it indicates so bad law making over the years.One of its causes weakness in order to scrutinize the drafts of the legislation in accordance with the constitution and people’s expectations. Therefore, in this research wants examine and develop a mechanism to check list to en sure that it each law making process in accordance with the constitution and people’s expectations. In this research, a method use disnormative juridical by using conceptual approach, historical and regulatory. From the research explores an extra mechanism for Constitutional Court to verify the value of constitutionality a draft law.
Independensi Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Proses Pemakzulan Presiden dan/atau Wakil Presiden
Authors: Wahid Abdul
Published: July 2022

It has been highlighted in the constitution that the Constitutional Court has one obligation to give verdict on the House of Representatives’ (DPR) opinion regarding the impeachment of the president and/or the vice president. Obligation given by  this constitution is about to prove that Indonesia is a law state. Even though the Constitutional Court has become part of the dismissal process of president and vice president, the independence of its obligation is doubted by public because of the recruitment factors of the Constitutional Court judges. Even though these judges successfully give verdict because the president or the vice president is proven to break the law, it does not mean that its verdict absolutey ties the authority of the House of Assembly (MPR).
Pengujian Ketentuan Penghapusan Norma dalam Undang-Undang
Authors: Ali Safa’at Muchamad
Published: July 2022

Theoretically and practically (judicial review), include two types, namely formal verification (formale toetsingrecht) and material verification (materielle toetsingrecht). The formal verification is an authority of assessing whether or not a legislative product is produced in accordance with the prevailing procedures. While a material verification is an authority to examine and measure whether or not a legal regulation contradicts with a higher level regulation, as well as whether or not an authority has the right to establish a certain regulation. Article 51 paragraph (3) of Law Number 24 Year 2003 regarding Constitutional Court state about it. In this context, material verification include extensive material, ie the whole matter of law, in part, or a small part of a word or even punctuation that can affect the norm. Thus, the provisions not only affect the meaning, but even the existence of a norm should be examined by the Constitutional Court. In addition, the loss of norms can violate constitutional the rights of citizens’.
Jaminan UUD 1945 dalam Proses Hukum yang Adil
Authors: Latif Abdul
Published: July 2022

One of the principles of rule of law which guarantees by the constitution is regarding the due process of law. Legal acknowledgment, legal guarantee, legal protection, fair legal assurance and equality before the law cannot be separated from the principle of “presumption of innocence”. Both had becoming the absolute condition and its existences are acknowledged, protected, and guaranteed within the rule of law system in Indonesia. However, in a matter of fact there are numbers of regulations which are in contradiction with the 1945 Constitution. One regulation, which   is the main discussion of this note, is the Article 32 (1) letter c Law No. 30/2002 on The Committee of the Eradications of Corruption (UU KPK). The implementation of temporary dismissal of Chief of the KPK by the President of the Republic and the unlawful act of Bibit-Chandra’s restraining are deemed to be an act of unlawful discretion and a violation of due process of law as guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution.Latif, Abdul. 2007. Fungsi Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Upaya Mewujudkan Negara Hukum Demokrasi, Total  Media,   Yogyakarta.Kusumohamidjojo, Budiono, 2004. Filsaf Hukum: Problematik Ketertiban yang Adil, Grasindo,  Jakarta.Kelsen, Hans, 1982. Reine Rechtslehre (Ajaran Hukum Murni), Wien: FranzDeuticke.Rawls, John, 1971. A Theory of Justice, Harvad.    UP.Kompas, 2009. Mahkamah Konstitusi diminta Terbitkan Putusan Sela., Edisi Hari Selasa, 27 Oktober 2009,    Jakarta.Suseno, Frans Magnis, 1987. Etika Politik. Gramedia.    Jakarta.Majalah Konstitusi, 2009, Putusan Sela Bibit-Chandra Menunda Pemberhentian Pimpinan KPK, Edisi Oktober 2009, Nomor 33. Jakarta.Reksodiputro, Mardjono, Jaminan Konstitusi tentang Proses Hukum yang Adil, dalam Buku 70 Tahun Ismail Suny, Sinar Harapan, Jakarta.Tobias, Marc Weber dan R. David Petersen, Pretrial Procedure, A Survey of Constitutional Rights, Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1978.
Hak Warga Negara Dalam Memperoleh Pendidikan
Authors: Sujatmoko Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

The state are obliged to ensure a quality education and without discrimination to every citizen, to meet the educational rights of every citizen, in order to produce the output quality of education really qualified. Starting from the lofty goals for the nation’s intellectual life as stated in the opening of the Constitution of 1945, until now, the efforts to develop the intellectual life of the nation seems to still have a lot of obstacles. Increasing numbers of poor families in Indonesia since the economic crisis that hit in mid-1998 and more children are forced (or forced) to beg in    the streets and singing when they should be in classrooms to learn. The ignorance is a source of oppression for humanity, if up to this time, the state did not implement its obligations in fulfilling the rights of its citizens to acquire basic education, then the state has violated human rights and constitutional violations.
Politik Pembangunan Hukum di Bidang Investasi Suatu Keniscayaan Konstitusi Ekonomi
Authors: Panjaitan Saut P.
Published: July 2022

The idea of welfare state of Indonesia has to can realize the national of economy order. The 1945 Contitution of the Republic of Indonesia formulated the national economic aspect as an the constitution of economy or as a social contract of economy in order to realizing the constitutional market economy. This mean that all the policies and economic development must be taken care of constitutionally aspect, including the investment policies and regulations.
Pengaruh Pembatasan Kekuasaan Presiden Terhadap Praktik Ketatanegaraan Indonesia
Authors: Purnomo Chrisdianto Eko
Published: July 2022

This research effort to search the contents president power restriction in achieving constitutional governmant in Indonesia. The restriction power of president related to restriction of president authority. In other sides restriction of president power can be viewed thorought functional relation among president with House of representative council (DPR), representative people assembly (MPR), Local Representative Council (DPD), and functional relation among president with Supreme of court (MA) and Constitutional Court  (MK).The result of research shown that the restriction content of president power can be viewed not only restriction the time of president’s office but also restriction of content presiden authority, i.e restriction to choose state officers and restriction in law making. And restriction of content president power can be viewed in functional president relation with legislative and constitutive  institutions.
Kejahatan Terselubung di Balik Kertas Suara Tidak Sah yang Gagal Dicegah oleh Pasal 46 Peraturan KPu No.16 Tahun 2010
Authors: Simanihuruk M.
Published: July 2022

Article 46 KPU Regulation No.16 of 2010 count the percentage of  the gaining votes of each candidate pair from the total of valid ballot  paper. The invalid ballot paper is totally neglected. Thus the democratic right of those people who has an invalid votes is neglected as well. More over a danger implication of this article is a hidden crime that can be planned systematically by increasing the percentage of the gaining votes through out the invalid ballot paper. The more the number of invalid ballot paper,  the most the percentage of the gaining votes. If a total number of valid votes  is a for a candidate  pair A,  a total number  of valid votes  is b for a candidat pair B, according to the survey for example, and a/ (a+b) < b/(a+b) then a candidate pair A can  increase  mathematically their gaining votes to at least 30,01 % by planning at least t + s total number of invalid ballot paper such that t and s satisfy the inequality s>b – 69.99(a-t)/30.01 where t is the number of invalid ballot papers that should be subtracted from the total gaining vote of the candidate pair A and s is the number of invalid ballot papers that should be subtracted form the total gaining vote of the candidate pair B. This type of a hidden crime some time can be detected by the statistic but some time can not. The detectable hidden crime can be analyzed by Chi-Square formula. This paper provide a simulation how to detect these type of hidden crime. We use the Chi-Square formula, with 0.05 level of significance, to detect these hidden crime. The paper begin with the simulation how to increase the gaining votes at least 30,01 %.
Tafsir Hakim Terhadap Unsur Melawan Hukum Pasca Putusan MK Atas Pengujian UU PTPK
Authors: Latif Abdul
Published: July 2022

PENDAHULUANUnsur melawan hukum dalam perkara korupsi merupakan hal yang penting dan menentukan untuk adanya suatu tindak pidana korupsi yang harus dipertanggungjawabkan, baik tanggung jawab jabatan maupun tanggung jawab pribadi. Konsekuensi tanggung jawab peribadi berkaitan dengan tanggung jawab pidana. Menurut Philipus M. Hadjon,117 tanggung jawab jabatan, difokuskan pada legalitas tindakan dengan parameternya peraturan perundang- undangan dan asas-asas umum pemerintahan yang baik. Sedang tanggung jawab pribadi, difokuskan pada perlakuan atau perbuatan tercela dalam konteks tanggung jawab pidana, yakni tanggung jawab atas perbuatan yang tidak patut dilakukan dengan cara melawan hukum, karena itu bertentangan dengan rasa keadilan dan norma- norma sosial yang berlaku dalam kehidupan   masyarakat.
Menggagas Constitutional Complaint Dalam Memproteksi Hak Konstitusional Masyarakat Mengenai Kehidupan dan Kebebasan Beragama Di Indonesia
Authors: Krisdanar Vino Devanta Anjas
Published: July 2022

Social needed of Indonesia people about Constitutional Complaint is urgent and must be held as an effort to protect constitutional rights of Indonesian people itself. The application of a concept without adaptation of new system to original system will make disorder the original system that has been used in Indonesia Law System. No many changes in adaptation of Constitutional Complaint to law system of Indonesia. The effort to protect constitutional rights of Indonesian people in life and freedom of religion must be selected carefully. Government has a duty to protect the society form deviate conviction that indicated can destroy the peace of society or hurt the other religion. For that case, Constitutional Complaint can’t be used as a mechanism to protect the deviate conviction for the reason to protect the life and freedom of religion. The mechanism of Constitutional Complaint as an authority of Constitutional Court first must held the socialization to all Indonesian people in order to the closeness between Indonesia people and Constitution of   Indonesia.
Problematika Tugas Konstitusional Komisi Yudisial
Authors: Syahuri Taufiqurrohman
Published: July 2022

PendahuluanJabatan hakim di satu sisi merupakan jabatan yang sangat mulia, dan di sisi lain, jika tidak hati-hati, dapat merendahkan martabatnya karena banyak godaan yang siap menjerumuskannya. Sebagaimana diketahui jabatan Hakim boleh dikatakan merupakan jabatan yang dekat sekali dengan godaan-godaan duniawi. Betapa tidak, di tangan seorang hakim nasib dan masa depan seseorang akan ditentukan. Orang yang tadinya kaya raya dan terkenal sebagai donator di lingkungannya misalnya, tiba-tiba jatuh martabatnya sebagai manusia karena masuk penjara akibat putusan hakim. Oleh karena itu sudah menjadi suatu pandangan umum apabila orang yang berurusan dengan pengadilan akan berusaha semaksimal mungkin, dengan segala cara (baca menghalalkan segala cara) melakukan segala hal asalkan putusan hakim dapat berpihak kepadanya. ...