bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generalized spaces of pointwise regularity: toward a general framework for the WLM
Authors: Loosveldt L , Nicolay S
Published: August 2021

In this work we generalize the spaces

T

u

p

introduced by Calderón and Zygmund using pointwise conditions emanating from generalized Besov spaces. We give conditions binding the functions belonging to these spaces and their wavelet coefficients. Next, we propose a multifractal formalism based on such spaces which generalizes the so-called wavelet leaders method and show that it is satisfied on a prevalent set.
On 2-Domination Number of Some Graphs
Authors: Maheswari V. , Anantha Kiruthika N.H. , Nagarajan A.
Published: August 2021

Domination and 2-domination numbers are defined only for graphs with non-isolated vertices. In a Graph G = (V, E) each vertex is said to dominate every vertex in its closed neighborhood. In a graph G, a subset S of V(G) is called a 2-dominating set of G if every vertex in v ∈ V, is in V-S and has atleast two neighbors in S. The smallest cardinality of a 2-dominating set of G is known as the 2-domination number γ2(G). In this paper, we find 2-dominating set of some special graphs and also find the 2-domination number of graphs.
The Lattice Structure of the Subgroups of order 21 in the subgroup lattices of 3 X 3 Matrices over Z2
Authors: Durai Murugan V. , Seethalakshmi R.
Published: August 2021

Let 𝓖 be the set of all 3 X 3 non-singular matrices

(

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

)

, where a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i are integers modulo p. Then 𝓖 is a group under matrix multiplication modulo p, of order (p

n
− 1) (p

n
-p) (p

n
-p
2) … … (p

n
-p

n
−1). Let G be the subgroup of 𝓖 defined by

G
=

{

(

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

)

∈
G
:

|

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

|

=
1
}

. Then G is of order

(

p

n

−
1
)

(

p

n

−
p
)

(

p

n

−

p

2

)

…
…

(

p

n

−

p

n
−
1

)

p
−
1

. Let L(G) be the lattice formed by all subgroups G. In this paper, we give the structure of the subgroups of order 21of L(G) in the case when P=2.
Statistical entropy of a class of regular black holes by brick Wall Model Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Authors: Singh D V , Singh B K
Published: August 2021

In the paper we study the entropy of the scalar field in the background of regular black holes (Heyward and nonsingular)by using the brick-wall method suggested by the’t Hooft. We show the leading term of entropy follows the Bekenstein-Hawking area law and the brickwall method predicts the corrections to the entropy of the regular black hole. The general structure of the coefficient of logarithmic sub-leading corrections for the both black holes are same. The coefficients of the logarithmic corrections are-1/180 for both regular black holes which differ from the Schwarzschild black hole.
Regular Property on Product of Pythagorean Anti Fuzzy Graph
Authors: Maheswari V. , Syedul Fahima U. , Bala Deepa Arasi K.
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we introduce the notion of Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graph. We then define the Cartesian product and Lexicographic product on Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graph. It is proved that Cartesian product of two Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graphs is Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graph and Lexicographic product of two Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graphs is Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graph. In general, Cartesian product and lexicographic product of two regular Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graphs need not be Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graph. Necessary and sufficient conditions for Cartesian and lexicographic product of two Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graphs to be regular are determined. Further, we define the concept of isomorphism on Pythagorean Anti fuzzy graph with suitable example.
Effect of TD viscosity and Coriolis force on thermohaline convection of ferrofluid in Darcy porous matrix: A Galerkin numerical technique
Authors: Ratchagar Nirmala P , Seyalmurugan S.
Published: August 2021

The effect of TD viscosity (Temperature Dependent viscosity) and Coriolis force in horizontal ferromagnetic fluid layer with Darcy porous matrix is investigated theoretically. This fluid layer is heated from below and it is salted from above. The non-linear behavior is omitted by use of a linear stability theory. The normal mode technique is taken to account to investigate the convective system with free-free boundaries. To investigate the entire system the exact solution is obtained. The stationary instability is obtained. But, oscillatory instability can not occur in the study. The critical thermal magnetic Rayleigh number N

S
C
is calculated for sufficient large values of M
1. In the analysis, we have attempted to analyze T

a
, V and D
a on the system in many situations.
Operator and Dynamical System In Analytic Lipschitz Spaces
Authors: Vigneswari G.S. , Chandra Kala P. , Anusuya V.
Published: August 2021

In this paper we obtained tensor product tensor sum of Toeplitz and multiplication operator induced dynamical system on analytic Lipschitz spaces.
Maximum Independent Seidel Energy of a Graph
Authors: Mary U. , Sreeja S
Published: August 2021

The concept of Maximum Independent Seidel energy EImaxS(G)of a simple connected graph Ghas been innovated by us and we have calculated the maximum independent seidel energies of some standard graphs. Also we have discovered few basic properties related to maximum independent seidel energy.
Performance Estimation of Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Speed Controller for Reduced Switch BLDC Motor Drive
Authors: Krishna Veni K.S. , Senthil Kumar N. , Gnanavadivel J.
Published: August 2021

This article deals with the implementation of an adaptive fuzzy logic based reduced switch brushless DC motor drive. In topological view, the cost of the system chiefly depends upon the power semiconductor switches. Hence switch reduction concept is adapted in this paper. The operating principle, switching sequence formulation of reduced switch topology is presented. An intelligent system for reduced switch BLDC drive is designed and tested for different load conditions. Simulation results as well as comparative performance with conventional controllers are presented and discussed. The parameters such as rise time and steady state error are observed. The effectiveness and robustness of the reduced switch BLDC drive for variable speed applications is demonstrated. The rise time and steady state error of the proposed system is improved about an average of nearly 60% and 30% respectively compared to other controllers.
Experimental Studies on Portal Frames made with Palm oil Shell Light Weight Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Kumar Jagarapu Durga Chaitanya , Eluru Arunakanthi
Published: August 2021

This present research mainly focused on the behaviour of monolithically and precast portal frames made with lightweight fiber reinforced concrete. The lightweight fiber reinforced concrete (LWFRC) is achieved with Palm oil shells (POS) and glass fibers (G.F). The POS is replaced with coarse aggregates and the G.F is added to the concrete to increase ductility parameters. To reduce the further density of the concrete, replaced cement with GGBS and Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) individually. All these replacements are helping the reduction of solid waste and greenhouse gases from cement Industries. Portal frames are made with M30 Grade LWFRC through replacements. All the precast frames are connected with the Dowel bar connection through the grouting. All the LWFRC frames are compared with conventional concrete frames. The palm oil shells are replaced up to 50% in coarse aggregates to diminish the density of the concrete and also to decrease the greenhouse gases from the cement industry; cement is replacing with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA).
Maximization of Cr Removal in Continuous Counter-current Liquid-Solid Fluidized Bed: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Datta Meghna , Ansari Muzammil H , Bandyopadhyay Subhrajyoti , Selvam K. , Sam David S.
Published: August 2021

Continuous counter-current liquid solid (CCLS) fluidized bed is used as an adsorption column. Due to the counter current contacting pattern and easiness in handling the fresh as well as used adsorbent continuously, CCLS adsorption column can be preferred over packed adsorption column. In the present work experimental data for chromium removal from the wastewater using CCLS adsorption has been used for developing models using artificial neural network (ANN), a well-known machine learning technique. The percentage removal of Cr is mapped as function of liquid velocity, solid velocity, particle diameter, initial concentration, and height of the column through ANN. The developed ANN model is used as objective function for the design of the process using genetic algorithm (GA), a metaheuristic tool for optimization. The results provide specific guidelines for achieving optimum Cr removal.
Automated Detection of Lung Cancer Based on Neuro Fuzzy Technique
Authors: Camy Joshya Y , Divyabharathi P , Archana P , Vikram N
Published: August 2021

Our human civilization has encountered many dangerous diseases and death due to lung cancer is increasing worldwide. The finding of lung cancer cells in the earliest stage is the most challenging process in the medical field. To address the issue, digital image processing techniques, along with neuro-fuzzy logic, has experimented in this current study. The system is aimed to help in the initial stage detection of lung nodules by classifying the existence of abnormalities in the computed tomography (CT) scan image. The critical stages involved in the detection process are preprocessing, image enhancement, image segmentation, feature extraction and neuro-fuzzy algorithm. The proposed system is an entirely functional automatic method which completely avoids physical calculation and this designed system produces a better result with a high accuracy rate.
Acoustic Anthropogenic Noise Reduction In Pixel Priority Based Algorithm
Authors: Rajkamal N , Jothi lakshmi G.R.
Published: August 2021

Priority pixel enhancement for removing hindrances in acoustics. In this paper underwater sound speed gradient monitoring systems grieved in various conditions data monitoring. Compress and decompress sound waves of water molecules travel through underwater makes monitoring hindrances to ocean monitoring sensors produce dithered image data retrieving is based on pixel based algorithm to get the original point of data legible to enhance the part of the image in the priority enhancement methods in under water sound monitoring systems.
Hamburger Stand Support System Using Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Jeyabharathi J. , Sakthivel V. , Sivaramakrishnan R.
Published: August 2021

Support System approaches form a pattern from a user’s over efforts as well as related conclusion created by other users. This form is then used to voting items that the user may have an interest in the particular product. It can propose the hamburger stand to the user based on the previous procure, voting and reports. Machine learning plays a vital role in hamburger stand support system, which process the user based on their old events. Here, hamburger stand support can be performed by reports, voting, reviews and restaurant reputation, tastes, which is given by the other users. This current support system typically combines one or more approaches into a hybrid system. This paper suggest a hybrid system for classifying the users by using the machine learning algorithms such as Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine(SVM). It will improve the nourishment transaction, decreases the amount of work and imparts the user fulfillment.
Machine Learning based Fitness application using BMI value
Authors: Jeyaranjani J. , Kapoor Utkash
Published: August 2021

One of the foremost emerging and important aspect people were following these days are fitness. The people are suffering from obesity which led to extreme medical disease. The body Fat Percentage (BFP) is the one of the most widely used method used to calculate the fitness level of the human. This study proposes the method to predict the BFA using the regression method. It also prescribes how people can maintain proper diet for being healthy and stay fit. Based on the prediction result, the web application provide people with the prescribed module like gym, proper diet, doctor consultation etc. The people can choose their respective module according to their fitness level. Also, the doctor consultant module is implemented using support vector machine (SVM) which classify the people according to the level of fitness and also the appropriate choice of doctor. The prediction result reveals the proposed model efficiency
Proposing a Load Balancing Algorithm For Cloud Computing Applications
Authors: Amal Murayki Alruwaili Bayan A. Al , Humayun Mamoona , Jhanjhi NZ
Published: August 2021

At the current time, one of the fields that are quickly developing in computing is clouding computing (CC). There are vital services needed by individuals as well as organizations that are offered in CC, namely IaaS, SaaS, and PaaS. Through the creation of the cloud, the development of the application has become easier, as well as providing services to end-users through virtualization over the internet. In CC, we have cloud service providers who deal with large computing structures completely defined on usage as they offer their services in a dependable mode. However; CC is facing the issue of load balancing, which impacts the performance and makes it weak if we overload the system. Developing an effective load balancing algorithm while utilizing CC efficiently is one of the providers’ ultimate goal. Virtualization and scalability are other dynamic techniques which entail developing VMs in CC. Data traffic and Web services provision is growing each day; thus, load balancing is a major challenge in the field of CC and is increasing the importance of task scheduling as well. At this point in time, evolvement in CC necessitates the greater need for infrastructure and resource development. The load balancing policy guarantees the efficient usage of the resource through the provision of services to the cloud subscribers. Load balancing also prioritizes subscribers by using an appropriate schedule. As a contribution in research, this paper proposes an algorithm for load balancing in CC. Proposed algorithm enhance the performance of Cloud Computing applications
Security and Privacy Issues in Cloud Computing
Authors: Alenizi Bayan A. , Humayun Mamoona , Jhanjhi NZ
Published: August 2021

The idea of Cloud Computing (CC) provides dynamically scalable services that are delivered over the Internet as a service. The key driver of the cloud is economic benefits, as it aims to minimize capital expenditure as well as operating expenditure. There are still some problems to be overcome in order for this to become reality. One of the important issue is security and privacy concerns, which has been addressed by many researchers but still the problem persist. Security assurance is an important driver for cloud adoption and for increasing cloud deployment. To provide a detailed overview of existing cloud security challenges and mitigation strategies, this paper provides a comprehensive survey of underlying cloud security and privacy issues and concerns along with countermeasures. Further; as a contribution in research, we have provided a framework to address the security and privacy concerns in CC. Proposed framework uses hybrid authentication mechanism for the security of CC. The study provides a deeper insight to the researchers and practitioners about CC and underlying security and privacy concerns along with countermeasures and a novel solution.
Fraction Tree, Fibonacci Sequence and Continued Fractions
Authors: Sivaraman R.
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the concept of fraction tree is introduced. This fraction tree has profound consequences both in mathematical sub-disciplines and other branches of science and technology. In this paper, we shall witness the connection of fraction tree with that of Fibonacci sequence and relate the terms of the fraction tree with continued fractions.
An Automated Hybrid Approach for Multimodal Tumor Segmentation
Authors: Sumathi R , Venkatesulu M.
Published: August 2021

For the past few years many people in the entire universe lost their lives due to cancer diseases like breast cancer, brain tumor, lung cancer and skin cancer etc. Many modalities like US, mammogram, CT are used to analyze the masses of cancer but its radiation effects the health for this reason MRI imaging is used for analyzing the anatomy behavior of tumors in terms of size of tumor, growth and location in detail. An automated hybrid approach with adaptive kernel fuzzy C Means with PSO is used to segment the tumor part in efficient manner. Using BRATS and RIDER MRI datasets are used for validation. Our proposed methods yields 97.1% segmentation accuracy and compared with various existing approaches like K Means and Adaptive K Means.
Automation of Sustainable Industrial Machine using PLC
Authors: Rajkumar K , Thejaswini K , Yuvashri P
Published: August 2021

At present, the machine gets operated manually and also by command raised by computer artificially, but mostly conventional machines operation done by humans. This leads to seeking attention keenly by humans for the operation which also increases time consumption to drill or milling of certain objects. Our project completely weeds out the physically cabled connection present in conventional BFP160 machine by introducing the PLC control technique. This design implements machine operation using the PLC control technique for trouble-free changes and error rectification in the system by reducing the number of contractors held by relays. The physically complicated control wiring using relay logic was replaced by a swift, compact Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The entire logic and interlocks were incorporated into PLC. This wipes out the breakdown to the lesser time thus increasing the operating speed and overall equipment efficiency (OEE) of the machine. An existing conventional machine gets automated using PLC which gets programmed using the ladder logic programming with the processor for increased automation to peak level. Here the machine availability gets increased as the breakdown time gets reduced and efficiency of the certain machines is particularly improved thus initiated to greater production in set out manner. All additional considerations employed by Variable frequency drive (VFD) for speed control of feed motor by eliminating electromagnetic clutches along with telescopic brushes responsible for the movement of axes to drill or milling of the certain workpiece by the conventional machine. Our design proposes for the instant signal whether any part which gets interrupted while operation. Here this logic gets programmed and simulated using PLC software which is available based on a number of inputs and outputs.
Cloud based analysis of Drinking Water quality parameters
Authors: Bharath Singh J , Vijayalakshmi S , Sushmitha S
Published: August 2021

The contamination of water bodies becomes a very big threat to the world. This happens due to pollution, domestic and industry waste and over population. This threat will lead to low rainfall, famines etc. In recent years, the research on monitoring and analyzing water quality is increasing. The water quality has to be examined in people living area, ponds, lakes, rivers and also the water bodies near the industries. People not having safe drinking water will lead to many diseases. The older methods of officials collecting sample from the water bodies, analyzing in labs, providing the results and taking control actions will be costly and takes more time. The main disadvantage is the lack of real time data analysis is not possible in the traditional systems. In this paper, a real time water quality method is analyzed and the results are verified with the traditional methods. This method uses high level processor, sensors, networking and measurement devices to give the real time data. The important parameters of water like temperature, turbidity and pH levels are monitored continuously. The user can verify the data anywhere anytime using the web interface provided in the method. The data analysis is also provided in tabulation and graphical representations. This paper provides an optimal method for monitoring the water quality in an efficient way. Traditional methods that rely on collecting water samples, testing and analyses in water laboratories are not only costly but also lack the capability for real-time data capture, analyses and fast dissemination of information to relevant stakeholders for making timely and informed decisions.
IoT based Wireless Notice Board Using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Kurian Nami Susan , Hemanth Kumar R K , Abinaya Shree M , Esakkiammal S
Published: August 2021

Information dissemination using digital notice board plays an imperative role in this digital world. This work is primarily aimed at developing a wireless information board for displaying and broadcasting the announcements and notices that the user sends from the Internet using the IOT technology. By providing a sufficient power supply, the Raspberry Pi, node MCU and LED display work properly and the display is controlled by the android application. The application can be used by connecting it to the internet and this enables the admin to send the information from wherever in the planet and could be visualized in a matter of seconds. The admin uses the app by setting the correct username and password for WIFI. For sending information, PC or mobile phone are utilised and at recipient end, raspberry Pi is connected to the Web. The admin can send the data in the form of text or voice, which in turn would be displayed on the distant noticeboard. The LED display is to display the text/voice that the user has sent and the speaker is to announce the received text message. The displaying text would be scrolling in the display. By using the text to speech software, announcement the text that is scrolling on the LED screen become possible. Earlier the Wi-Fi notification board had been used and thereby experiencing a limit on coverage. In this proposed method, the Internet is used as a means of communication and no coverage problem exists.
Adaptive Counter Clock Gated S-Box Transformation Based AES Algorithm of Low Power Consumption and Dissipation in VLSI System Design
Authors: Subramanian K. , Venkatachalam M. , Saroja M.
Published: August 2021

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is an effective algorithm trending today. According to the key length, it works efficiently. Here three types of key lengths are used such as 128, 192, and 256 bits. This paper introduced an Adaptive Counter-Clock (ACC) S-Box algorithm. This algorithm rectifies the error during data encryption and secure data from hackers. In this paper, we have done power consumption, power dissipation, and reduced the area size. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is utilized for hardware execution in the encryption process. Inverse Mix Column, Inverse Sub Bytes (S-Box) and Inverse Shift Row stages takes place in the decryption, so that the receiver can read the message in plain text which was sent by the sender. For this the receiver should have the same key used by the sender for encryption process. RTL coding is done using Verilog HDL, Xilinx ISE 14.7 FPGA will be used in the implementation.
Future Energy Source for Remote IoT Systems using MEMS-based Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices.
Authors: Fareeza F. , Krishna Veni S. , Rambabu Chunchu , Yanore Tigabu Zewude , Rajkumar P.
Published: August 2021

Piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) device is an energy converter that will convert mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy. The energy converter is implemented using Micro-Electronic Mechanical System (MEMS). The vibration is extracted from the surroundings, and the extracted vibration is converted into electrical energy using PEH for low power sensors used in the IoT environment. PHE device will generate the maximum power when the vibration of the surrounding is exactly matched with the resonant frequency of the device. This paper presents two different PHE MEMS devices which will convert the vibration into electrical energy. The proposed device has two design materials; T shape resonant model is designed by arranging beams in multilayer and an ultra-violet resin seismic mass. There are four-layer formed together; the substrate first layer is built using polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The third layer is formed by using piezo-electric material; the second and fourth layers are build using aluminium and platinum electrode. In the model, two different types of piezoelectric materials are used to build the PEH device. Two types of material used in the devices are ZnO and PZT-5A. Rayleigh-Ritz and Macaulay methods are used to model the system for analysing the mechanical behaviour of the model and structural analysis for the better energy extraction using FEM. The proposed PHE device using ZnO and PZT-5A is generating power at the rate of 1.8 W and 1.35 W with a voltage rating of 545 and 45 mV, respectively. The Proposed PHE device is built for remote location low power IoT devices.
Design of a control with multiple inputs multiple outputs by decoupling
Authors: González J R , Correa G , Montoya O D
Published: August 2021

In industry, most processes can be modeled by a system of equations that can be monovariable or multivariable. In our case, we will present a multivariable system more adjusted to real cases and on which a control system is available. This article presents a decoupling control method for two inputs two outputs through a centralized multivariable controller using a decoupling network and a diagonal controller, this technical advantage allows reduction in computing time. It shows the methodology by which a multivariate system can be represented as the composition of different coupled systems in this way that the control of the variables involved in it can be done separately, facilitating the control system, this implies a modification in the outputs to be affected. In the same way, the two-inlet with 2-outlet distillation system was also studied.
Population dynamics of disease-transmitting mosquitoes exposed to insecticides: susceptible and resistant interaction
Authors: Salazar E , Gómez-Hernández E , Ibarguen-Mondragón E
Published: August 2021

One of the first biological topics that have attracted physicists’ attention is population dynamics. Researchers have approached these topics through dynamical systems, which have its origin in 15th-century physics, with the invention of Newton’s differential equations. In particular, we are interested in studying mosquitoes transmitting diseases such as Anopheles, Aedes and Culex as they cause serious public health problems worldwide. One of the strategies to control these diseases has been the use of insecticides. These spraying programs were initially successful. However, the evolution of resistance threatens efforts to control these epidemics. Therefore, this article proposes a dynamic system that includes continued use of an insecticide, assuming a proportion of mosquitoes not killed by spraying but acquire resistance. In addition, the genetic predisposition of mosquitoes to be more susceptible or more resistant is incorporated in the model utilizing a ratio that allows differentiating mosquitoes that are born susceptible from those that are born resistant. The dynamic system analysis shows that population persistence depends on growth thresholds that depend on resistance parameters. Therefore, according to the model, to avoid epidemics caused by mosquitoes, the emergence of resistant mosquito populations must be prevented.
Polinomial chaos expansion applied to limit state functions
Authors: Afanador García N , Guerrero Gómez G , Nolasco Serna C
Published: August 2021

In structural projects, ensuring system performance within the established specifications with a maximum level of safety and taking into account the economic constraints of the project is one of the main objectives of structural design. The risks to which any physical system is subjected are called failure probability and are assessed by applying structural reliability analysis methods. The objective of the structural reliability analysis is to ensure that the strength of the elements of the structure is greater than the imposed strength demand over the service life of each of the structural elements. Structural design variables are physical quantities in structural reliability and are considered random, and can be represented in a random vector. The failure probability of a structure is obtained from the evaluation of the uncertainties inherent to the physical variables of the project, through the probability distributions of the random variables. The objective of this work was the application of polynomial chaos expansion to evaluate the failure probability in limit state functions found in the literature using numerical simulation, in order to decrease the sample size for each random variable compared to those needed using Monte Carlo simulation. This research showed that the difference between the sample size between polynomial chaos expansion and Monte Carlo simulation is 5%, saving time and computational effort.
Predictive model of mass flows of gaseous emissions from beehive ovens
Authors: Mendoza–Lizcano S M , Palacios–Alvarado W , Medina–Delgado B
Published: August 2021

One of the techniques used in the industry for the control of variables is, from their magnitudes, such as fuel flow, air volume, amount of material mass, among others. The ceramic industry needs to measure and control the polluting gases of its fixed sources in a less costly way, based on tools that allow agility in decision making to mitigate the adverse effects, not only to comply with a legal standard, but also for environmental and management commitment. The objective of the research is to design a predictive model of the concentration of polluting gases in the beehive ovens based on the results of the balance of matter and energy in the beehive ovens. An exploratory descriptive methodology was used, where data on beehive ovens and fourteen (14) continuous quantitative variables were considered through the statistical technique of multiple regression to analyze the predictive behavior of the pollutant concentration variables. As a result, the predictive capacity of the resulting model was high, explaining 79% of the total variation of the variable. The multiple correlation coefficient of the complete model was 0.79. During the analysis of the model assumptions, the Durbin Watson score reached a value of 1.971, evidencing compliance with the assumption of independence of the errors.
Passive House in China’s Hot Summer Cold Winter Zone
Authors: Ma Yuanli , Shen Luping , Ye Dongjie , Deng Wu
Published: August 2021

Passive house concept, which has been widely developed globally, is still in its infancy in the hot summer cold winter zone (HSCW) in China. This paper made a climatic condition comparison among the HSCW zone, cold zone and German. In addition, 23 passive house projects were selected as cases for analysing, concerning thermal characteristic and building performance. The findings show that building a passive house in HSCW zone can not simply following the basic passive house principles from the Passive House Institute, and several indicators should be modified.
Multivariate Analyses of Selected Hydro-bacterial Variables along the Longitudinal Gradient of Orani River, Philippines
Authors: Rabadon M L L , Corpuz M N C
Published: August 2021

There is paucity of environmental data for Orani river systems in Bataan (Philippines) despite its regional economic and ecological significance. The present study conducted multivariate analyses of various water quality parameters and selected bacterial communities to evaluate the river’s health integrity. River data exhibited spatial and seasonal variation, with observed significantly distinct heterotrophic and Gram-negative bacterial counts in the midstream and downstream against upstream samples. Fecal coliform concentrations were statistically different in the sequence: upstream < downstream < midstream. Multivariate Principal Component Analysis identified the most important variables affecting the variability in bacterial concentrations among the sampling groups (81.64% variation). Cluster analysis also revealed the associations and similarities of sampling groups based on abundance of bacterial loadings. Further, water quality indices were classified within “marginal” class (54.77 for wet season; 57.67 for dry season). The hydrological index estimated a score of 47.97 for wet season that described as “suitable with high restriction” class (30<(HI)c<55), and 62.24 for dry season in the “suitable with medium restriction” class (55<(HI)c<75).
Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics of the Intensity of Landfall Tropical Cyclones in China
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Gu Chenglin , Li Bei
Published: August 2021

Based on the tropical cyclone data of the United States Joint Typhoon Center, this paper analyses the characteristics of the temporal and spatial changes of tropical cyclones that landed in China from 1951 to 2015. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The frequency of landings showed a slow upward trend from 1951 to the early 1990s, and showed a slow downward trend from the late 1990s to 2015. In 1988, it changed from a low period to a high period. (2) Tropical cyclones are mainly distributed in the range of 130-140°E, 10-15°N east of the Philippine Islands, and the northeastern part of the South China Sea. The spatial distribution of the first eigenvector of the source frequency EOF is basically the same as the multi-year spatial distribution. From the time coefficient of the first mode, the change trend of the concentrated distribution has undergone a process of strengthening-weakening. From the perspective of the spatial distribution of the second mode, the source frequencies in the Northwest Pacific and the South China Sea have opposite spatial distribution characteristics in the latitude direction. (3) One of the main tracks of landfall tropical cyclones is westward from the tropical Pacific to the Philippine Sea and South China Sea, and the other from the tropical Pacific to the northwest to South Korea and Japan, affecting the area near the coast of East Asia. The spatial distribution of the first eigenvector of the track frequency EOF is basically the same as that of the multi-year spatial distribution, and the spatial distribution of the second mode has a positive-negative opposite spatial distribution characteristic in the meridian direction.
Hydrate Formation in Reactor with Cooling Spiral
Authors: Grigorenko A V , Dudoladov A O , Gaikovich M V , Vlaskin M V
Published: August 2021

This paper deals with methane hydrate formation from SDS solution of 0.1 wt% in reactor with cooling spiral. Intensity of methane hydrate formation process in a vertical and horizontal cylindrical reactor with a cooled spiral at three fixed volumes of a surfactant solution was compared. The dependence of the gas content of the obtained samples depending on volume of the liquid phase and on the position of the reactor was revealed. The hypotheses about influence of diffusion at the interface and capillary effect on the cooled element on the gas content were examined. Also the efficiency of gas supply mode was tested. The best result for gas consumption in single gas injection mode is 60,21 L•L–1 achieved with a liquid volume of 300 ml in a vertical reactor. The best result for gas consumption in constant gas supply mode is 161,3 L•L–1 achieved with a liquid volume of 500 ml in a horizontal reactor.
Integration of Algal Biofuel Production with Municipal Wastewater Treatment: a Review
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Zhang Xinyu
Published: August 2021

The integration of algae-based wastewater treatment and biofuel production has been of growing research interest in recent years. This article reviewed recent researches in algae biofuel production and the integration of algal wastewater treatment and biofuel production. The methods to algal biofuel production, biofuel productivity, and removal rate of treated municipal wastewater were summarized in this review. Chlorella is largely used, especially in biodiesel and bioethanol production. Spirulina is more often used to produce biogas. The removal rate of NH4+-N can be high in this integration. The most common biofuel products in this integration are biomethane and lipid. Traces of the integration are numerous on laboratory basis and limited in commercial use for now. The barrier to apply it from lab to commercial use may include a high cost during algae harvesting as well as land use and availability. Possible solutions and research gaps are outlined in this article.
Research on the Application of BIM Technology in Bridge Engineering
Authors: Tian Yuan , Jiang Tonggui , Wu Feng
Published: August 2021

In recent years, BIM technology has developed rapidly in the field of housing construction, and has been well applied in many housing construction projects. However, the application of BIM technology on bridges is less. This article takes Hongjiazhong Bridge as an example to research and explore the application of BIM technology in bridges. Conduct application research on accountability, program simulation, quality and safety management, BIM platform management, etc., and explain the innovative applications of BIM technology in GIS, VR, AR, operation and maintenance.
Investigating the Cracking Resistance of Asphalt Binder in the UAE using Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Polymer
Authors: Alani Mohammed W , Zeiada Waleed , Al-Khateeb Ghazi , Ezzat Helal , Shanableh Abdallah
Published: August 2021

This research work focuses on investigating the fatigue and thermal cracking resistance of asphalt binder with different percentages of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) utilizing rheological testing methods. The laboratory experimental program includes the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) test at intermediate temperature for fatigue cracking and Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) at low temperature to assess thermal cracking. The polymer-modified asphalt binders were prepared using four different SBS contents of 2.5, 4.2, 4.8, and 6.1% by asphalt binder weight. The test results were then used to compare the performance of four different SBS modified binders and the control asphalt binder without SBS. The findings showed that the addition of the SBS to asphalt binder improved the fatigue resistance as it was noted that the fatigue parameter (G*.sin δ) was decreasing as the temperature decreases. The BBR results also showed that the addition of SBS enhanced the low-temperature performance by lowing the creep stiffness and increasing the m-values compared to the control asphalt binder. The best performance against fatigue cracking and thermal cracking was obtained using 6.1% SBS.
The Correlation of Climatic Factors with Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Palembang Bari General Hospital
Authors: Ghiffari A , Anwar C , Soleha M , Prameswarie T , Anggina D N
Published: August 2021

An estimated 50 million dengue infections occur worldwide every year, nonetheless in Palembang that the death of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) continues to be a public health problem. Several factors such as characteristic determinants and climate factors caused a high rate of DHF. The study aims to determine the correlation of patients’ characteristics and climatic factors with the incidence of DHF in the general hospital of RSUD Palembang Bari from January 2015 to August 2019. The study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design, using 309 patients’ data and climatic factors obtained from the climate office of the BMKG of Palembang. The sampling technique using a simple random sampling method and the analysis using the chi-square test and the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that the characteristics of DHF patients were a median age of 14 years, dominated by male patients (57,3%), and secondary education level (33,8%). The climatic factors that correlate with the incidence of DHF (p = 0.032) were the air temperature, while other factors such as rainfall (p = 0.797) and relative humidity (p = 0.718) were not significant. The highest incidence of dengue during 2015-2019 occurred around March-April each year. It is necessary to routinely carry out breading place eradication practice 2-3 months before the surge.
Analysis of the Effect of Stop Drilled Hole Diameter Variation on Fatigue Resistance in Medium Carbon Steel DIN HQ 705
Authors: Chandra H , Lestari V
Published: August 2021

Steel has an important role in the industrial world where many machine component designs use these materials. The mechanical properties possessed by this material are quite capable of various applications in the field in a variety of applications. One application of steel is in the gear and shaft. These gears and shafts use HQ 705 material which is a medium carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.30 - 0.38%. This research was carried out by making a notch on one side of the specimen, then creating an initial crack at the end of the notch with a fatigue machine, to prevent crack propagation, a stop drilled hole was made at the end of the initial crack with variations of 2 mm, 2.5 mm respectively. and 3 mm. Furthermore, this specimen was tested by fatigue test to test the fatigue resistance of each specimen. The results obtained are that specimens with stop drilled holes have longer cycle times compared to specimens without stop drilled holes. With the variation of the stop drilled hole (SDH), the result is that the stop drilled hole with a diameter of 2 mm is easily broken compared to the stop drilled with a diameter of 3 mm. From the fracture surface seen with SEM, it can be seen that the type of crack that occurs in the fracture is an intergranular crack type.
Placement of the Temples Site in Wetlands (Case Study in Bumiayu Temples Site)
Authors: Siregar S M , Sutriyono E , Siswanto A , Munandar A A
Published: August 2021

Bumiayu temples site is located in swampland which is seasonally and anually often flooded by water due to the influence of Lematang River. Even though it is situated in that kind of landscape, Bumiayu temples site does not expose to puddles. It is because the temples site was established in the right place. The problem is what influences the formation of the Bumiayu bathing space and how it is described. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that form the Bumiayu bathing space and to describe the bathing space. An explanative qualitative research method with descriptive and observative approach by collecting secondary data from previous research and primary data obtained from the field and followed by data processing and interpretation. This research uses a study of areas space that consists with the aim of knowing the forms and processed of cultural landscapes in the past. The results of the research show that Bumiayu temple is on a wavy plain landscape with a height of 50 to 60 meters above sea level. Factors affecting temples placement are water activity and human hustle. These two factors affect temples site space in a grouped position surrounded by Lematang creeks. Past society has got knowledge related to temples placement in wetlands. Moreover, people have already adapted to the environment by getting at temple material from local place.
The Effect of Household’s Age Structure to Waste Generation in Palembang City
Authors: Novriadhy D , Komalasari O , Hatta H , Oktarina R
Published: August 2021

Empirical facts suggested a particular household’s waste highly correlated to the specific age of the household’s inhabitant. The current study aimed to measure the effect of the household’s age structure on household waste generation. In addition to the household’s age structure, we included the food expenditure per capita, household’s average years of schooling, and the household’s net income in the waste generation model. The study used a Zero Truncated Negative Binomial Regression to estimate the effect of the variables. The findings showed the household’s age structure variable gave a better explanation of household waste generation rather than the household’s total population. The effect of the food expenditure per capita and the household’s average years of schooling variables found to be more significant when combined with the household’s age structure rather than combined with the household’s total population. In contrast, the effect of the household’s net income to waste generation found lesser. The study findings implied that the household’s age structure would be more useful in waste generation estimation, especially for the city with a relatively high fertility rate.
Perceived Impact of Oil Palm Plantation on Agriculture and Environment
Authors: Saediman H , Mboe I S , Zani M , Daud L , Padangaran A M
Published: August 2021

Increased demand for vegetable oil and energy has led the global production of palm oil to increase substantially. However, the expansion of oil palm is often criticized because of its impact on the environment and natural resources. The present study aimed to assess the villagers’ perception of the impact of oil palm plantation on agriculture and the environment. Data collection was done in Tanggetada sub-district in Southeast Sulawesi. Ninety-one residents from three villages in the plantation zone were selected as respondents. Data were collected through the questionnaire-based interview and Key Informant Interview (KII) methods and were analyzed qualitatively using descriptive statistics. Research results showed that villagers had perceived some impact of the plantation on the agriculture, namely, improved skills in oil palm cultivation, decreased farm size, increased pest and disease occurrence on cocoa plants, and increased market demand for farm produce. The plantation was perceived to have led to increased soil erosion, increased frequency and severity of flooding, and decreased surface water quality. Plantation was perceived to have led to increased temperature but only when the oil palm trees were still young. Strict implementation of government regulation in the establishment and in the operational activities of the plantation can help minimize its adverse impact on the environment and community livelihood.
Informality in Urban Water Supply: A Case of Tambaklorok, Semarang
Authors: Putri N R , Setyono J S
Published: August 2021

Significant population growth in urban areas faces limited access to water supply. In 2015, 29% of the global population lacked safely managed drinking water supplies. Ensuring universal access to safe and affordable drinking water for all by 2030 becomes the sixth goal in SDGs 2030. The government’s inability to provide water supply has led to the emergence of informality in urban water supply. Tambaklorok located in the northern part of Semarang has been relying on informal practices to fulfill its water need. From this phenomenon in Tambaklorok, the practice of informality continues to be produced through the particular factors other than the physical availability of a network. This research aims to analyze informality in urban water supply in Tambaklorok, Semarang. To carry out this aim, the method that will be used is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. This research found that informality in urban water supply in Tambaklorok caused by lack of access to networked pipe water supply, water utility roles, and practices in non-networked pipe water supply. The research recommended the alternative scheme of water supply for the community in Tambaklorok.