bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Management of Gas Gangrene, Necrotizing Fasciitis and Suppuration of the Limbs
Authors: Abakka Mehdi , Mekkaoui MJ , Bouffetal M. , Bassir RA , Kharmaze M. , Lamrani MO , Berrada MS
Published: May 2023

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is defined as a method of administering inhaled oxygen (O2) for therapeutic purposes under a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. The therapeutic benefits of HBO result, on the one hand, from the physical effects linked to the increase in barometric pressure and the partial pressure of O2 in the tissues and, on the other hand, from the biological effects linked to the production reactive species of O2 and nitrogen. These are likely to interact with many molecular processes responsible for the main anti-ischemic, pro-healing and anti-infective effects. Its indications are regularly evaluated within the framework of international consensus conferences. The references in terms of indications for HBO are, on the one hand, the North American consensus of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS) and, on the other hand, the European consensus of the European Committee of Hyperbaric Medicine (ECHM). HBOT is applied through an hyperbaric chamber. It is a complex technique, which requires a strong human and material investment. It includes some contreindications to respect and well-identified risks to take into account.
Leukemic Retinopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Khalil Mrad , Lobna Robbana , Amine Krichen Med , Louay Akennour Younes Serghini , Hassan Abdallah El , Amina Berraho
Published: May 2023

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is linked to the uncontrolled multiplication of lymphoblasts that invade the bone marrow. This can no longer function correctly and, in particular, ensure the production of normal blood cells, which leads to hyperviscosity, anemia and thrombocytosis, the cause of leukemic retinopathy. This case highlights the importance of recognizing this manifestation of leukemias due to its frequency in this pathology and which can, in certain cases, reveal the disease.
Evolution of the Cesarian Trend in a Context of Free in the Health District of Fana, Mali
Authors: Samaké Yusuf , Keita Sema , Sylla Cheickna , Traoré Moumine , Djibrilah Kanthé , Traoré Solomane , Coulibaly Hamadou , Oura Diallo , Diarra Demba , Kante Lassana
Published: May 2023

Caesarean section is a procedure allowing the extraction of the fetus and its appendages after surgical opening of the uterus by transabdominal rarely vaginally. Objective: To study the practice of caesarean section in a context of free education in the Fana health district. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional retro-prospective study on the evolution of the caesarean section trend in a context of free in the health district of fana from 01 January 2020 to 31 December 2022. Results: We recorded: 1303 caesarean sections distributed as suites: 363 in 2020 (2.26%); 481 in 2021 (2.93%) and 459 in 2022 (2.72%). 10,686 assisted deliveries in 2020 or 73.35%; 12,779 assisted deliveries in 2021 or 80.47% against 11,348 assisted deliveries in 2022 or 79.13%. The 20-2-9 age group was the most represented, i.e. 4-2.90% with extremesof 14 a n s and 45 a ns. 81.43% of patient nosinthe fana health district. The majority of our patients are married women, i.e. 93.48%. 85.42% of caesarized women are housewives. Caesarean section completion rates evolved as follows from 2020 to 2022: 2.26%; 2.93% and 2.72%. At the same time the Koulikoro region obtained rates of 2.25%; 2.33% and 2.46% against 3.06%; 3.48% and 3.29% as national rates respectively in 2020; 2021 and 2022. Conclusion: Free caesarean section has led to anupward trend in the number of caesarean sections even if the objective national is not reached.
Ayurvedic Management of Avascular Necrosis (AVN) Stage IV: A Case Report
Authors: Panja Asit K , C Akhil , Gupta Nisha , Naik Satyapriya
Published: May 2023

Avascular Necrosis (AVN) is a disorder characterized by necrotic changes in the bone tissue due to interruption of blood supply. AVN is classified into 4 stages. AVN I and II stages may benefit from conservative treatments while patients with Stage III or IV may require surgery such as joint replacement or bone grafting. This case report gives an insight into Ayurveda management of AVN stage IV in improving the quality of life (QOL) of the patient. A 34 years aged male patient came with presenting complaints of being unable to walk due to the pain at the bilateral hip joints for 4 years. The pain restricts him to initiate walking. The MRI finding was AVN of the bilateral heads of the femurs in ARCO Stage IV A. The condition is diagnosed as Asthi-majjagata-vata. It is managed with oral medicines, abhyanga, svedana, and basti. After the treatment, the patient can walk for 30 minutes and can sit for more than 1 hour without pain. The QOL of the patient is considerably increased on Harris hip score. This case report shows the importance of Ayurveda management even in the AVN stage IV to improve the QOL. More research in AVN stage IV management with Ayurveda is needed to arrive at a specific conclusion.
The Physical Properties of Soil in Palm Oil Agroforetrial System (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) with Aloes (Aquilaria Malacensis Lamk.) and In Palm Oil Monoculture System
Authors: Agriani Feri FA , Ranuda Rendika , Wawan Wawan , Qomar Nurul
Published: May 2023

Oil palm cultivation is generally carried out in monoculture. This has an impact on decreasing soil fertility, one of which is the physical properties of the soil. One of solutions that can be done to overcome this is the cultivation of oil palm plants with an agroforestry system. The purpose of this research was to compare the physical properties of soil agroforestry on oil palm (Elaeis gueneensis Jacq.) and aloes (Aquilaria malacensis Lamk.) with oil palm in monoculture. This research was conducted in Bukit Kemuning Village, Tapung Hulu District, Kampar Regency for 4 months from November – Februari 2020. Determination research the locations for agroforestry system and monoculture system using purposive sampling method. Soil samples were taken from 4 sampling point: palm circle, leaf frond piles, harvest path and aloes circle which were repeated 6 times on each land. The observation parameters are several soil physical properties (topsoil depth, bulk density, particle density, total pore space, moisture content, water holding capacity, permeability, infiltration, and soil resistance) and soil C-organic. Data from the observations of each parameter were analyzed statistically using the t test. The results showed that the agroforestry system increased C-organic content and improved selected soil physical properties (increase topsoil depth, total pore space, moisture content, water holding capacity, permeability, infiltration and decrease bulk density, particle density and soil resistance).
Supply Of Coconut Water As a Nutritional Supplement Corn Cob Media On Growth White Oysters (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Ananto Ananto
Published: May 2023

Provision of coconut water as an additional nutrient for corncob media against the growth of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) was carried out at the Jaya Mushroom Farmer Group. This study aims to determine the effect of young coconut water as an additional nutrient in corncob media on the yield of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatment levels and 2 replications in order to obtain 10 experimental units. Each experimental unit consists of 5 baglogs, so that all 50 baglogs. The treatments consisted of A = 20 kg of cobs: control, B = 20 kg of cobs: 7 liters of coconut water, C = 20 kg of cobs: 8 liters of coconut water, D = 20 kg of cobs: 9 liters of coconut water, E = 20 cobs: 10 liter of coconut water. The observations observed were the number of hoods, length of the hood (cm), width of the hood (cm), and wet weight (kg).  The results showed that the provision of young coconut water as a nutritional addition to the corncob media on the results of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) was found in treatment E = 20 kg: 10 liters of coconut water can give the best results on the results of white oyster mushrooms.
Micro Nutrient Content and Growth of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Applied to Oil Palm Liquid Waste Using the Biopori Method
Authors: Edgar Gusti Rai , Nelvia Nelvia , Hamzah Anthony
Published: May 2023

The area of ​​oil palm plantations in Indonesia continues to increase, along with that, Palm oil mill also increases. Each Palm oil mill produces liquid waste (LWPOF) in large numbers that can be utilized. The aim of this research was to study the main effect of LWPOF application and the number of biopores and their interactions on micro nutrient content and oil palm growth. The research was conducted in oil palm plantations at the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University from June to December 2019 in the form of experiments arranged according to a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor is the LWPOF dose which consists of 3 levels (7,5 liters, 10 liters, and 12,5 liters) and the second factor is the amount of biopores consisting of 3 levels (2, 4, and 6), repeated 3 times and there were 3 experimental plants, so that 81 units of experimental plants were obtained. The parameters observed consisted of leaf micro nutrient content, plant height increase, number of fronds, midrib width, and thickness of oil palm fronds. From the experiment, known that 7,5 liters plant increases the nutrient content of copper, and the LWPOF dose of 12,5 liters increases the height, number, width and thickness of oil palm fronds, while the number of biopores 2 and 6 increases leaf manganese nutrient content. 7,5 liters of planting followed by the number of biopores in 6 biopores increases the nutrient content of manganese in the leaves and the number of midribs of oil palm plants.
The Potential Of Purple Leaves Ethanol Extract (Graptophyllum pictum L.) Against The Growth Of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans
Authors: Hujjatusnaini Noor , Friska Yunia Dwi , Saadah Ayatus , Muh. Amin Astuti
Published: May 2023

The Potential of Purple Leaves Ethanol Extract (Graptophyllum pictum L.) against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. This study is an experimental study with a comparative approach, aimed at analyzing the potential of purple leaves (Graptophyllum pictum L.) by using in vitro method against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The clear zone was  formed between the outer sides of the paper disc containing the ethanolic extract of the purple leaves (Graptophyllum pictum L.) and the S. column. gold and C. albicans colonies are growth indicators. The growth of S. aureus and C. albicans were measured at incubation time 24, 48, and 72 hours, which were then analyzed by analysis with Anava's one-way statistical test and continued with Duncan's 1%. The research found that the purple leaves ethanol extract (Graptophyllum pictum L.) has the growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, which is indicated by the comparison results of the optimal concentrations of S. aureus and C. albicans, were 50% and 90%, so that the purple leaf ethanol extract could recommended as an antibacterial.
Response Of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Seeds Growth To The Gibberellin (GA3) and Cow Biourine
Authors: Hardy Purba Jhon , Srilaba Nyoman , Sri Wahyuni Putu , Bayu Wahyuda Putu
Published: May 2023

Papaya propagation from seeds has a major problem, namely seed germination takes a relatively long time. Experiments to determine the effect of gibberellin and cow bio urine concentrations on the growth of papaya seedlings were carried out at the Main Horticultural Seed Center of the Agriculture and Livestock Service Office of Buleleng Regency with an altitude of ± 200 m above sea level. The experiment used a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors, namely the concentration of gibberellin and the concentration of bovine bio urine. Application of gibberellin significantly affected plant height, root length, root wet weight, root oven-dry weight, leaf wet weight, leaf oven-dry weight, total fresh weight, and total oven-dry weight. Gibberellin with a concentration of 150 ppm gave the highest total fresh weight and oven-dry weight, namely 14.63 g and 1.44 g respectively compared to other treatments. The concentration of cow bio urine had a significant effect on root length, very significantly on plant height 40 DST and 47 dd, stem oven-dry weight, leaf wet weight, leaf oven-dry weight, total fresh weight, and total oven-dry weight. Biourine with a concentration of 200 ml.l-1 gave the highest yield in total oven-dry weight per plant, namely 1.19 g. The combination of the concentration of gibberellin and bovine bio urine significantly affected the root length of the plant.
Temporal Distribution Of Arthropods In Heliotropium indicum In Jombang District As E-Catalog Development
Authors: Febriani Yesika , Wulandari Anggun , Sari Devita
Published: May 2023

Arthropods have an important role in the rice field ecosystem, namely as natural enemies (predators, parasitoids, and control pathogens) that can be used as pest control efforts. The diversity of natural enemies can be seen from his visits to the flowering plant (refugia) namely Heliotropium indicum in Jombang Regency by looking at the temporal distribution of each observation. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of daily temporal visits of arthropods on Heliotropium indicum in Ploso and Plandaan sub-districts and to be used as material for developing e-catalogs. This research was conducted in February 2021 using the visual control method by observing 3 replicates at 06.00-07.00 am, 11.00-12.00 noon, and 16.00-17.00 pm, the data obtained were analyzed descriptively by calculating the average frequency each time. observations (hours). The results of the study on the temporal distribution of arthropods on the Heliotropium indicum plant can be found that certain arthropods are often found at certain hours, namely, the arthropods that are active in the morning and evening are the Pentatomidae and Muscidae families, the arthropod families that are active during the day are Mantidae and the arthropod families that are active throughout the day are Formicidae, Acrididae, and Coccinellidae. The results of the research were developed into learning media in the form of an e-catalog. The developed e-catalog contains images of arthropods visiting the Heliotropium indicum plant, their classification, and a description of their morphology.
Patogenity Of Beauveria bassiana On Compost Media For Palm Oil Pest Control Oryctes rhinoceros L
Authors: Novianti Rina , Fauzana Hafiz , Rustam Rusli
Published: May 2023

Oryctes rhinoceros is an important pest of oil palm. This study aimed to obtain the best ability of several compost organic materials containing B. bassiana for controlling O. rhinoceros larvae, to obtain the ability of B. bassiana in compost to control various instars of O. rhinoceros larvae, and to obtain the best concentration of Beauveria bassiana in compost in controlling O larvae. rhinoceros. Three stages of the research experiment were: 1) testing of several compost organic materials containing B. bassiana at 75 gl-1 concentration, using a completely randomized design (CRD), Experiment 2 were: test the ability of B. bassiana with 75 gl-1 concentration of compost at various instars of O. rhinoceros larvae. Experiment 3 were: concentration test of B. bassiana fungi in compost media against O. rhinoceros larvae, with 6 treatments 4 replications obtained 24 experimental units, while the treatments were 0 gl-1, 15 gl-1, 30 gl-1, 45 gl-1, 60 gl-1, and 75 gl-1. Compost organic material contains the fungus B. bassiana which has the best ability to control O. rhinoceros, namely OPEFB + sawdust because caused total mortality to reach 90% with conidia number 115.2 x108, initial death 67.2 hours after application, lethal time 50 206, 4 hours after application. B. bassiana fungi in OPEFB + sawdust compost can control O. rhinoceros 3 instar larvae with total mortality of up to 92.5% and control 1, 2, and 3 instars larvae of O. rhinoceros have no effect on the initial time of death and lethal time 50 on each instar. The initial time of death used was 54-75 hours and the lethal time 50 was 198-252 hours. OPEFB compost + sawdust containing the fungus B. bassiana 75 gl-1 had the best ability to control O. rhinoceros larvae with a total larvae mortality of 87% which caused early death 54 hours after application, 50 lethal times of 213 hours, and LC50 of 3.3% or the equivalent of 33 gl-1.
A Land Productivity Of The Intercropping Shallot (Allium Ascalonicum L) And Chili Pepper (Capsicum Frutescens L) With Liquid Organic Fertilizer And Solid Organic Fertilizer
Authors: Sutriana Selvia - , Ulpah Saripah , Baharuddin Raisa
Published: May 2023

Shallot and cayenne pepper are two national superior commodities that must continue to be cultivated in order to meet the daily needs of the community. The purpose of the study was to determine the land productivity of the shallot and cayenne pepper intercropping system with POC Biological and Solid treatment. This research was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic University of Riau for 6 months, starting from October 2020 to March 2021. The study used a completely randomized design with 2 factorials, the first was the dose of Solid fertilizer with 4 treatment levels, namely 0 tons/ha, 5 tons /ha, 10 tons/ha, 15 tons/ha and the second is the concentration of Biological POC with 5 treatment levels, namely 0 ml/l water, 2 ml/l water, 4 ml/l water, 6 ml/l water, 8 ml/ l water. Parameters observed in shallot plants were plant height, number of tubers per clump, wet bulb weight per plant, dry bulb weight per plant, and in cayenne pepper plants were plant height, number of fruits per plant and fruit weight per plant. Observational data were analyzed statistically and continued with the further BNJ test at the 5% level. The results showed that the Solid and POC hayati treatment in shallots had a significant effect, with the best treatment being 4 ml/l water and 10 tons/ha. Meanwhile, the cayenne pepper plant has no effect except for plant height.
Banana Stem Utilization As A Plant Container With Planting Media And Watering Interval On Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Productivity
Authors: Baharuddin Raisa , Rosmawaty T. , Arrusy Arrusy
Published: May 2023

Banana pseudostem is a type of agricultural waste that has the potential to replace polybags. The planting media used in lettuce growing must be suitable for increasing plant development and productivity. Furthermore, water requirements must be met, as banana pseudostems have a high water content and are expected to minimize the watering procedure. The goal of this research was to find a good planting medium and watering interval for lettuce development and production in a banana pseudostem planting container. From March to June 2021, this study was done at UPT Agrofarm RIU. A Factorial Completely Randomized Design was employed in the study (CRD). The first is the planting medium, which is divided into four levels: M1: top soil, M2: RYP soil, M3: peat soil, and M4: RYP soil and peat soil (1:1). The second aspect is the watering interval, which is divided into three categories: F1: daily, F2: every two days, and F3: every three days. The results showed that using peat medium as a planting container and watering once every three days boosted leaf number, plant wet and dry weight, and root volume.
Study Of Nutrient Potential Waste Of Catfish, Cow Dung, And Ketapang Leaves As Solid Organic Fertilizer (POP)
Authors: Prasadi Oto , Ayu Triwuri Nurlinda
Published: May 2023

Aquaculture will produce waste in the form of manure and there are many ketapang trees whose leaves fall that can be used as a material for making green fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutrients, i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, C-organic, C/N ratio and pH in solid organic fertilizer (POP) from fish waste water, cow dung and ketapang leaf compost. Fish solid waste is taken from the harvest pond that has been stirred and filtered, while for cow dung and ketapang leaves using the addition of a bioactivator (EM4 + molasses), with treatment (dried ketapang leaves: cow dung: bioactivator) P1 (1 kg : 0.25 kg : 250 ml), P2 (0.875 kg : 0.375 kg : 250 ml) P3 (0.75 kg : 0.5 kg : 250 ml), control (1.25 kg : 0 kg : 250 ml). Composting was carried out anaerobically with a composting time of 28 days. Based on the research results only C-organic and pH of all types of fertilizers as well as C/N ratio of cow dung and ketapang leaves, total phosphorus from fish waste that meets the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture 70 of 2011, concerning POP, it must contain a minimum NPK of 4%, pH 4-9, C-organic at least 15% and a C/N ratio of 15-25%, while according to the compost standard SNI-19-7030-2004, the levels of nitrogen at least 0.4%, phosphorus at least 0.1%, potassium at least 0.2%, C-organic 27-58% and C/N ratio 10-20%.
Analysis of Soil Quality Index of mixed garden land use type on dry land in Blang Bintang sub-district, Aceh Besar district
Authors: Akbar Yusran , H. A Umar , Endiyani Endiyani , Agustina Sri , Irhami Irhami , Rezvani Ika , Irmayanti Irmayanti
Published: May 2023

This research was conducted by using a descriptive method based on the results of surveys and field observations and laboratory analysis. Field survey activities were carried out to obtain primary data in the form of general biophysical conditions of the area and physical and chemical characteristics of the soil obtained from observations and indicators of soil quality through soil analysis in the laboratory. Soil sampling points were determined using the purposive sampling method, namely points that have been determined in selected dry land areas in Blang Bintang District, Aceh Besar District. Soil sampling for analysis of chemical properties was carried out by drilling. Soil drilling was carried out to determine the thickness of the soil solum. Sampling was focused only on the top soil layer with a thickness of 0 - 20 cm. In mixed garden land use type (LUT) 5 - 6 sample points were taken which were then analyzed in the laboratory. From the data from the soil analysis, the fertility status of each type of land use will be determined. Field observations and sampling were carried out at each observation point (LUT) in the Blang Bintang District, Aceh Besar District.The soil characteristics and a large percentage of sand compared to the percentage of silt and clay. The low content of clay fraction in both lands affected the formation of soil aggregates. The position and composition of organic matter greatly determine the process of forming stability and distribution of aggregates. Sandy soil in mixed garden vegetation is difficult to absorb water and nutrients due to large grains and small surface area per unit weight. The soil which is dominated by the sand fraction is porous with high aeration pores. Smooth aeration properties can increase the oxidationof organic matter.
The Effect of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches on Rice Production (Oryza sativa L.) With a Flood Height of 10 Cm Below Soil Surface
Authors: Effendi Arman
Published: May 2023

Improper processing of rice field systems and lack of organic matter in the soil to meet the nutrient needs of rice plants resulted in low rice production. Increased production of rice plants can be overcome by giving compost of palm oil empty fruit bunches (TKKS) with the system of rice intensifications (SRI) method, because the organic matter contained in the compost can improve the physical properties of the soil. This study aims to obtain the best dose of empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost and to see its effect on the production of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) by using the modified SRI method. The research was conducted from January-April 2019 at the UPT Experimental Garden, Faperta, Riau University. This study applied a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatment levels. They are 0 gr.polybag-1, 50 gr.polybag-1, 75gr.polybag-1, 100 gr.polybag-1 and 125 gr.polybag-1. The results showed that giving empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost with the SRI method gave an effect on productive tillers, pithy grain per panicle and grain weight, but did not affect panicle exit age, harvest age, percentage of pithy grain per panicle and 1000 grain weight of pithy grain. The best treatment dose was found at a dose of 20 ton.ha-1 because it could increase several components of lowland rice production of the Batang Piaman variety.
Kiambang Extract Effectiveness Test (Salvinia molesta D.Mitch.) as Bioherbicide in Controlling Pre-growth of Peanut Weed (Cyperus rotundus L.)
Authors: Sutrisno Toni , Hapsoh Hapsoh , Herman Herman
Published: May 2023

Kiambang extract (Salvinia molesta D.Mitch.) is an alternative to control Teki Weed (Cyperus rotundus L.), The aim of the study was to test the effectiveness of kiambang extract as a bioherbicide and to obtain the best concentration in controlling pregrowth of puzzle weed (Cyperus rotundus L.) . The research was carried out at the Experimental Garden Nursery, Riau University, Jalan Bina Widya km 12.5, Simpang Baru Village, Tampan District and at the Natural Materials and Minerals Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Riau University. This research was conducted experimentally using one factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatment for the pre-growth test used 5 treatments of kiambang extract concentration, namely: 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% repeated 4 times. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% level, then further tested using Duncan's Multi Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% level with SPSS 23. The results showed that kiambang extract was considered effective as a pre-emergent bioherbicide to control nut weeds. . the best concentration of kiambang extract in inhibiting the shoots of nut weed tubers was the treatment with a concentration of 80%.
Inventory Of Termite Species In The Area Of Islam Riau University And Efficiency Of Fungus Metarhiziumanisopliae Against Terms In The Laboratory
Authors: Piandari Inggit , Ulpah Saripah , Sabli T. Edy , Salman Salmita
Published: May 2023

Termites have a great potential to cause damage to plants and other woody materials because these insects live in colonies. Termites' preferences and potential for harm vary depending on the species. Surveys related to termite species, estimates of damage that occurred, as well as preferences of plants and woody trees attacked in the Riau Islamic University Area were carried out as an initial step to avoid the impact of a greater termite attack. The survey results showed that termites were found in 9 of the 25 plots observed, namely Fisipol (3), Law (3), PKM Building (1), FKIP B (1), Mosque (1), Agriculture (3), Experimental Gardens (2), Student Dormitory (14), and Postgraduate (4). The types of termites that attack the Riau Islamic University area were obtained as many as four different termite species, namely Microcerotermes sp. (Family: Termitidae), Macrotermes sp. (Family: Termitidae), Schedorhinotermes sp (Family: Rhinotermitidae), and Coptotermes curvignathus (Family: Rhinotermitidae). Captotermes is one of the main pests in the Riau Islamic University area because it has been known to attack several plants for a long time. Laboratory tests using the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae showed the potential to cause mortality in termites at a spore density of 1.65 x 108 with a spore viability of 82.8%, resulting in a death time of 1.65 x 108. The best was 1.50 days and the mortality percentage was 99.17%. The spore density of Metarhizium anisopliae added with 10% zeolite was 3.5 x 107 with 90.3% spore viability (M2) resulting in a death time of 2.50 days and a mortality percentage of 75. .12%. Meanwhile, without treatment, the time of death was 5.25 days and the mortality percentage was 20.00%.
Effect of Various Doses of Cassava on Growth and Production of Mung Beans (Vigna Radiata L)
Authors: Prasetio Latif , Effendi AR Arman , Ariani Erlida , Indra Saputra Sukemi
Published: May 2023

The horticultural sector is growing and the need for its products is also increasing, including the need for green beans, but its availability is limited by land conditions that are poor in organic matter, so it needs to be treated with the addition of organic fertilizers such as vermicompost. This study aims to determine the effect of vermicompost and obtain the best dose for the growth and production of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). The study was conducted using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of a single factor, namely the provision of vermicompost. From these factors, there were four levels of treatment (0, 5, 15, and 25 tons ha-1) and each treatment was given three replications so that there were 12 experimental units. The parameters reviewed were plant height, total productive branches, flower age, harvest age, total pods planted, percentage of pithy pods, weight of planted seeds, weight of seeds per plot, and weight of 100 seeds. The dose of vermicompost 25 ton.ha-1 was better than the dose of 0 ton.ha-1, the dose of 5 ton.ha-1, and the dose of 15 tons/ha. The treatment can increase plant height, total productive branches, total pods planted, percentage of pithy pods, weight of seeds planted, weight of seeds per plot, and weight of 100 seeds.
The Acclimatization Stage Growth Of Black Orchid (Coelogyne Pandurata Lindl.) Plantlet By Biostimune Extract Gotu Kola (Centella Asiatica L.) Treatment
Authors: Hani Hani , Zakiah Zulfa , Mukarlina Mukarlina
Published: May 2023

Black orchid plantlets have a relatively slow growth at the acclimatization stage. The growth of black orchid plantlets can be increased by giving biostimulants. Biostimulants are bioactive compounds, and when they are applied, they can increase plant growth. This study aims to determine the effect of biostimulant Gotu kola extract (Centella Asiatica L.) on the growth of black orchid plantlets (Coelogyne Pandurata Lindl.) at the acclimatization stage. The research was conducted at the Biology Department's greenhouse from September until December 2020. The study used a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern. The first factor is the concentration of biostimulants consisting of 5 levels, e.g: 0 mg/L; 25 mg/L; 50 mg/L; 75 mg/L; 100 mg/L. The second factor is the application time which consists of 2 levels: once a week and once every two weeks. The results showed that the application of biostimulant Gotu kola extract had no significant effect on plantlet height, leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, number of tillers, and number of plantlet roots of black orchid in the acclimatization stage.
Application Of Vegetable And Fruit Waste Liquid Organic Fertilizer (POC) as Nutrition for Red Chili Pepper Plant Growth (Capsicum Annuum L.)
Authors: Ananto Ananto , Alatas Andi
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer in increasing the growth of red chili pepper plants because inorganic fertilizers utilization was widespread among farmers. Thus, the idea emerged for the application of liquid organic fertilizers. The application time and place of liquid organic fertilizer were carried out in the experimental field of STIPER Sawahlunto Sijunjung. The design used was a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with five levels of treatment and five groups in order to obtain 25 experimental units. The application of market waste POC on red chili pepper plants has not significantly affected the growth of red chili pepper plants. Treatment of market waste POC at a concentration of 500 (ml/L) is the optimal dose/dose for increasing the number of leaves by 115 strands (control 63 strands) and the increase in plant height by 71.40 cm (control 55.40 cm). In general. POC applications of market waste are still unable to achieve optimal growth and yields, and this is because there is no addition of nutrients to plants to support growth.
Identification of Endophytic Fungi on Healthy and Disease Stem of Vanilla Plants (Vanilla planifolia) Caused by Stem Rot Disease
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana , Himawan Achmad , Nanik Kristalisasi Elisabeth
Published: May 2023

One of the plantation crops with high economic value is vanilla. The biggest constraint in vanilla cultivation is stem rot disease. Endophytic fungi are fungi that live inside healthy plant tissues without causing symptoms or damage to the host plant. This study was aimed at determining the percentage of vanilla stem rot disease caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vanilla, identifying and selecting the type and amount of endophytic fungi found in healthy vanilla plants and vanilla plants with mild, moderate, and severe symptoms of stem rot. The research was carried out in a vanilla plantation belonging to the residents of Sinogo Village, West Plono Village, and West Ngalian Samigaluh Village, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta from January to March 2021. The research method used was a descriptive method for symptoms of the disease. A survey and collection of healthy stems and stem rot disease were then conducted. In addition, environmental conditions such as air temperature, humidity, sunlight intensity, and soil pH were also recorded. Identification of endophytic fungi was carried out in the laboratory. The data were analyzed both quantitatively (percentage of disease attack) and qualitatively (morphological characteristics of fungi macroscopically and microscopically). The results showed that the percentage of vanilla stem rot disease from the largest to the smallest was 30% in West Plono Village, 25.3% in West Ngalian Village, and 22.8% in Sinogo Village. In healthy vanilla plants, there are 4 types of endophytic fungi: Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Penicillium sp., and Trichoderma sp. In vanilla stem rot disease, 2 types of endophytic fungi were found, Aspergillus niger and Cladosporium sp.
The Pesticides Use by Rice Farmers in Siak Regency
Authors: Swastika Sri , Rustam Rusli , Fauzana Hafiz
Published: May 2023

The use of chemical pesticides is still considered for rice farmers to be one of the most effective ways for pest control. The chemical content in pesticides is toxic and causes an increased risk for farmers and the environment if their use is not under applicable regulations. The limited knowledge of farmers about the application of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and lack of discipline in the use of pesticides has triggered environmental damage, especially the lowland rice ecosystem and human health. This study aims to determine the use of pesticides by rice farmers in Siak Regency in controlling rice pests. The method used is a purposive sampling interview method using a questionnaire. The results showed that rice farmers had not implemented a pest control system based on the IPM principle, which did not pay attention to the control threshold as a basis for pesticide use. Farmers are satisfied with the effectiveness of chemical pesticides in pest control, so they continue to use them in rice farming. The lack of Farmers' knowledge about IPM and its application can trigger farmers to increase the dosage and frequency of spraying if the chemical pesticides used are not able to control the pest.
Total Biomass of Palm Oil in Agroforestry Systems Palm Oil (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) With Gaharu (Aquilaria Malacensis Lamk.) and Palm Oil Monoculture System (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Basyar Khaerul , Wawan Wawan , Qomar Nurul
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to compare the total biomass of oil palm in oil palm and gaharu agroforestry systems with oil palm monoculture systems. This research was conducted in February 2020 - April 2020 on agroforestry land (1 ha) and monoculture land (1 ha) located in Bukit Kemuning, Kampar - Riau. The method used in this study is a survey method and systematic sampling and determination of sample plots using the zig-zag method. The results of this study indicate that the microclimate is the light intensity in the agroforestry system ranging from 2,672 lux - 10,928 lux and in the monoculture system 3,023 lux - 12,065 lux, the air temperature in the agroforestry system is 27.1oC - 29.8oC and in the monoculture system it ranges from 27, 0oC – 31.8oC and air humidity in agroforestry have a value of 73% - 88% and in monoculture systems, the value ranges from 70% - 80%. The total weight of oil palm plant biomass in the oil palm and gaharu agroforestry system was 4,502.49 kg with an average total biomass of 52.11 tonnes/ha. In the monoculture system, the total weight of biomass in the monoculture system is 4,402.01 kg with an average total biomass of 50.95 tonnes/ha. The results of the 5% level t-test showed that the total weight of oil palm plant biomass in the agroforestry system of oil palm and agarwood plants was not significantly different compared to the total biomass of oil palm plants in the monoculture system. The presence of gaharu plants in the oil palm agroforestry system does not affect the total oil palm biomass on the land.
Growth Response and Production Of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L) with Dosage Test of Chicken Manure and Phospath Fertilizer
Authors: Hasibuan Helena
Published: May 2023

The low production of eggplant plants in Indonesia is due to the fact that the business of these plants is less intensive and is still traditional without intensive cultivation, especially in the use of fertilizers so that it can support the growth and yield of eggplant plants. Increasing production yields can also be done by means of fertilization using the right dose. The main function of fertilizer is to provide or add nutrients which are sometimes available in small quantities, or even not available at all in the soil. Organic chicken manure and inorganic phosphate fertilizers contain various types of nutrients and substances needed by plants. For this reason, it is necessary to find the appropriate dose used to obtain optimal growth and yield of eggplant plants. Research Objectives To determine the dose of chicken manure and phosphate fertilizer on the growth and yield of eggplant (Solanum malongena L). To determine the effect of chicken manure doses and phosphate fertilizer doses and the best interaction between chicken manure doses and phosphate fertilizer doses on the growth and yield of eggplant (Solanum malongena L). The experimental design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of two treatment factors, namely:  Factor I: Dosage of chicken manure (A) consisted of 3 levels, namely: A0= Kontrol,   A1= 4 kg/plot (6 ton/ha), A2 = 6 kg/plot (8 ton/ha).  Factor II:  P0=  Kontrol,  P1= 4,5 g/plot,  P2= 9,0 g/plo, P3= 13,5 g/plot. The results showed that the dosage of chicken manure was significantly different for plant height, number of primary branches, number of sample planting fruit, sample planting production and production per plot. The best dose of chicken manure in this study was A2 (6 kg/plot). Phosphate fertilizer dosage treatment was significantly different for plant height, number of primary branches, number of sample planting fruit, sample crop production and production per plot. The best dose of NPK fertilizer in this study was P3 (13.5 g/plot). The interaction between cow manure and phosphate fertilizer doses was not significantly different on plant height, number of primary branches, number of sample planting fruit, sample crop production and production per plot.
Identification Of Diseases On Coffee Plant In Cangkringan, Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Yolland Aliandu Yohanes , Himawan Achmad , Nanik Kristalisas Elisabeth i
Published: May 2023

Many different kinds of plants, including coffee plants, are susceptible to disease. In Cangkringan, Sleman, Yogyakarta, this study aims to discover diseases. Compute the percentage of disease attacks, and determine the causes of diseases that affect coffee plants. The Central Laboratory of the Yogyakarta Institute campus is located in the Sleman Regency's Maguwoharjo District. The sample took place in the hamlets of Kopeng, Petung, and Gondang Pusung in the Cangkringan District, D.I. Yogyakarta. The research was done between March and September of 2021. The survey, collection, and identification of fungi that cause coffee plant illnesses in the field and laboratory were the research techniques used. Additionally, farmers who work on coffee plantations were interviewed. Descriptive analysis was done on observational data related to illness symptoms. According to data on environmental conditions in the three coffee plantations, Petung Hamlet had the highest elevation (875.7 masl), Kopeng Hamlet and Gondang Pusung Hamlet had the highest air temperature (27.9 °C), Gondang Pusung Hamlet had the highest air humidity (75%), Kopeng Hamlet had the highest irradiation intensity (1947 Lux), and the three hamlets' soil pH ranged from 5.5-7. A quantitative analysis of the illness attack rate was performed. On the macro- and micro-morphological characteristics of mushrooms, qualitative analysis was conducted. The findings revealed that fungi were to blame for four different types of coffee plant illnesses. These illnesses include sooty mildew, leaf spot, scurvy, and leaf rust (all caused by the fungus H. vastatrix) (Capnodium sp.). Kopeng Hamlet had the highest incidence of disease attacks, including 9.7% for leaf rust, 11.8% for leaf spots, 4.8% for black fungus, and 2.9% for sooty mildew.
Application Of Potassium Fertilizer And Organic Fertilizer For Rabbits On The Growth And Years Of Okra (Albemoschus Esculentus L)
Authors: Yusuf Mukhtar , Fitria Fitria , Risnawati Risnawati , Susanti Rini , Alqamari M , Khair Hadriman , Alridiwirsah Alridiwirsah
Published: May 2023

Okra (Albemoschus esculentus L) is a fruit-shaped vegetable crop and is a potential crop because it has business opportunities. Okra production is still low and has not been able to meet the needs of one of the problems, namely inappropriate fertilization. It is necessary to conduct research that aims to determine the effect of Potassium fertilizer and organic rabbit fertilizer on the growth and yield of okra. The research location is in Sampali Village, Percut Sei Tuan District, DeliSerdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. When the research was carried out in February-May 2021, the materials used were okra seeds, potash fertilizer and rabbit manure. The research method used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two treatments and three replications of Potassium (K), namely: K0: without K fertilizer, K1: 5 g/plot, K2: 7.5 g/plot, K3: 15 g/plot while rabbit organic fertilizer (P), namely: P0: without rabbit organic fertilizer, P1: 1 kg/plot, P2: 1.5 kg/plot, P3: 2 kg/plot. The results showed that for observation the number of fruits per plant had no significant effect but gave the best results on Potassium 15 g/plot and organic fertilizer for rabbits P3: 2 kg/plot while Potassium fertilizer had a significant effect on stem diameter and flowering age while organic fertilizer for rabbits had a significant effect on plant height this is because Potassium fertilizer functions to strengthen stems, physiological processes, formation of flowers and fruit. While rabbit organic fertilizer contains nitrogen which plays a role in the vegetative phase for plant growth.
The potential of mushroom Baglog waste compost by adding FMA on ground water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) growth
Authors: Rastono Adi , Muzadi Masrur , Nata Siswara Hamzah
Published: May 2023

Unrecycled mushroom Baglog waste will become a place for spores to grow so that the spores will spread to the inoculation room, damaging the mushroom Baglog media, which causes crop failure. The right step for utilizing Baglog waste is composting it. A composted Baglog waste will be better if it is added with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (FMA), improving and increasing soil nutrient quality. This study aimed to determine the potential of mushroom Baglog waste compost by adding FMA to groundwater spinach growth (Ipomoea reptans Poir). This study used RAK to treat compost, compost+AFM 10g, compost+AFMA 20g, and compost+AFMA 30g. The study results indicate that Baglog waste compost and FMA have not been able to interact well on the parameters of tendril length, wet weight, and dry weight, as shown by the results that are not significantly different from compost treatment without FMA. Even so, compost waste has the potential to be used as fertilizer or media because it already has physical quality conforming to SNI. Adding FMA to mushroom Baglog waste compost is recommended because it can potentially increase plants' growth rate. The best interaction between Baglog mushroom waste compost and FMA was the compost + 10 g FMA treatment for all observation parameters.
Improvement Of Soil Chemical Properties In Oil Palm Plantations At Supra Matra Abadi Aek Nabara Estate With The Application Of Empty Oil Palm Bunches
Authors: Nasution Cherli Putri Indriani , Harahap Fitra Syawal , Sitanggang Kamsia Dorliana , Septyani Ika Ayu Putri
Published: May 2023

Oil palm is a plant greedy for water and nutrients that can ultimately reduce soil conditions both from water and nutrients in the soil; for this reason, it is necessary to improve soil conditions. The application of EFB can be one of the solutions to overcoming the problem. This study aims to determine the Influence of Empty Fruit Bunch on improving the Chemical Properties Of Soil Planted By Oil Palm At Supra Matra Abadi Aek Nabara Estate. This research was conducted at Afdeling III Supra Matra AbadiAek Nabara Estate. This research was conducted for five months. This research method used a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), which consisted of 2 factors. The first factor was soil depth which consisted of 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, 30- 60 cm, and 60-90 cm. The second factor is the application of empty fruit bunches, which consists of no EFB application (control) and the application of empty fruit bunches: 370 kg/tree. The results showed that giving empty fruit bunches to oil palm plantations can increase soil fertility. The application of EFB affects the pH values of the soil, Potassium, Magnesium, and Calcium. And the depth of the ground, given the application of EFB, negatively affects soil fertility. This means that if the soil's depth increases, soil fertility tends to decrease as well as it should.