bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Implementasi Perjanjian Pinjam Meminjam Uang Antara Anggota Dengan Koperasi Serba Usaha (KSU) Bhakti Karya Praya, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Sulistya Ira , Wahyuningsih Wiwiek
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan perjanjian pinjam meminjam uang antara anggota dengan Koperasi Serba Usaha (KSU) Bhakti Karya Praya, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah serta cara penyelesaian sengketa wanprestasi dalam perjanjian pinjam meminjam uang pada Koperasi Serba Usaha (KSU) Bhakti Karya Praya. Metode penelitian hukum yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif empiris. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa pelaksanaan perjanjian pinjam meminjam uang antara anggota dengan Koperasi Serba Usaha (KSU) Bhakti Karya dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu tahapan pengajuan permohonan pinjaman, pengisian data calon peminjam, pemeriksaan pinjaman, penilaian permohonan pinjaman, pengambilan keputusan, dan pengawasan pinjaman. Penyelesaian sengketa wanprestasi dalam perjanjian pinjam meminjam uang pada Koperasi Serba Usaha (KSU) Bhakti Karya selalu mengutamakan asas kekeluargaan dengan melakukan berbagai upaya, yaitu melakukan penagihan di tempat kediaman pemohon kredit, pemberian surat peringatan kepada pemohon kredit, serta penahanan dan penjualan brang jaminan milik pemohon kredit.
Tanggung Jawab Perdata Pihak Pengusaha Gelodongan Emas Secara Ilegal Terhadap Pencemaran Limbah Merkuridi Desa Lalar Liang
Authors: Mill Enia Zamantha Titik , Irfan Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tanggung jawab secara perdata pihak pengusaha gelondongan emas terhadap pencemaran lingkungan akibat limbah merkuri dan upaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah daerah untuk menanggulangi dan melindungi lingkungan akibat kegiatan pertambangan tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan penelitian hukum normatif empiris. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kegiatan pengolahan emas di Desa Lalar Liang ini tidak memiliki izin dan dilakukan secara liar dan upaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah daerah dengan upaya preventif dan upaya refresif yaitu menerbitkan perda, sosialisasi, pengasan, dan mengatasi pencemaran lingkungan akibat tambang ilegal yaitu dengan cara melakukan  pengalihan pekerjaan atau profesi, melakukan pengurangan penggunaan merkuri. Namun ketgiatan ini tetap dilakukan karena membantu perekonomian masyarakat agar tetap bisa melangsungkan hidupnya.
Implementasi Prinsip Kehati-Hatian Dalam Perjanjian Kredit Berbasis Online
Authors: Baidlowi Rully , Rahman Arief
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses dan faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi implementasi prinsip kehati-hatian dalam perjanjian berbasis online. Metode penelitian hukum normatif-empiris ini pada dasarnya ialah penggabungan antara pendekatan hukum normatif dengan adanya penambahan dari berbagai unsur-unsur empiris dengan Pendekatan Perundang-Undangan, Pendekatan Konseptual dan Pendekatan Sosiologis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Penerapan prinsip kehati-hatian dalam perjanjian kredit berbasis online yang diterapkan oleh bank danamon telah memenuhi prudential principle dengan unsur 5C Of Credits serta ketentuan yang diterapkan dan dijalankan oleh bank danamon telah sesuai dengan peraturan Bank Indonesia, ketentuan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, dan perundang-undangan lain yang berlaku dan faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan ini adalah faktor hukum dan faktor non-hukum.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Nasabah Dalam Perjanjian Penawaran Produk Asuransi Bank Melalui Telemarketing (Studi PT. BNI Life)
Authors: Budi Lestari Astriani , Kusuma Rahmawati
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan hukum para pihak seperti penanggung (bank) dan tertanggung (nasabah) yang dilakukan melalui telemarketing dalam menawarkan produk asuransinya kepada nasabah merupakan bentuk perikatan yang melahirkan hak dan kewajiban bagi para pihak tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah normatif empiris, dengan metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan sosiologis. Perlindungan terhadap nasabah berupa Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen (UUPK) dan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 23/POJK.05/2015 tentang Produk Asuransi dan Pemasaran Produk Asuransi.
DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMICO E SOCIAL RURAL NOS ASSENTAMENTOS CÍCERO GUEDES E EZEQUIEL II- CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES, RJ
Authors: Pereira Polyana Barbosa , Timóteo Geraldo Márcio , Santos Géssica da Silva dos , Lucas Vitoria Alves de
Published: October 2022

Introdução:
O presente se coloca como uma proposta para o planejamento, implantação, desenvolvimento, monitoramento e avaliação de um projeto de intervenção junto às comunidades agrícolas Cícero Gue
Micropropagation and cytological studies of Aole vera Linn
Authors: Sweety Majumder , Animesh Biswas , Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
Published: October 2022

Aloe vera Linn. is an essential medicinal plant. In this present research work, a protocol of in vitro regeneration and karyomorphological analysis of Aloe vera was developed using different concentrations and compositions of media. Shoot apices of field-grown plants were used as explant and aseptically cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with different concentrations and combinations of auxins (IAA and NAA) and cytokinins (BAP and Kn). The highest number of multiple shoot buds (4.36 ± 0.07) was obtained from MS + 2.0 mg/l BAP + 1.0 mg/l IAA and induced shoot buds underwent rapid elongation (4.24 ± 0.06 cm) on the same medium composition. Half strength MS media with 2.0 mg/l IBA was suitable for induction and proliferation (6.31 ± 0.05) of roots and 95% of plantlets were acclimatized to field conditions successfully. Somatic chromosome numbers of mother and in vitro grown plants were confirmed to be 2n = 14. Chromosome length ranged from 4.28 - 13.74 µm in the naturally grown plants and 4.46 - 14.1 µm for in vitro grown plants. The total form percent (TF%) of mother and in vitro grown plants was 41.69% and 42.23%, respectively. The karyotype formula of in vivo grown plants was 2n = 14 = 4Lsm + 6Mm + 4Sm, whereas that of the micropropagated plants was 2n = 14 = 4Lsm + 4Mm + 6Sm. The frequency of the chromosome having arm more than 2:1 was 0.08 for mother plants and 0.15 for in vitro grown plants. Therefore, the karyotype of both plants falls into the 2B symmetrical type based on Stebbins classification (1971).
CHANGES IN SOCIAL COHESION IN THE UNIVERSITY COMMUNITY IN THE CONTEXT OF CRISIS PHENOMENA IN SOCIETY
Authors: Svyrydenko Denys , Nesterova Marja , Dielini Maryna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of crisis conditions in society, in particular the war and the COVID-19 pandemic, on the development of social cohesion of the university community in Ukraine using the Social Cohesion Radar research tool. The study was conducted according to the methodology proposed by the Social Cohesion Radar (Bertelsmann Foundation), which helped to interpret a set of questionnaires received in 2019-2022 in the community of the National Pedagogical Dragomanov University (NPDU), Ukraine. The findings showed that the level of cohesion varies moderately by spheres and their size. Some tend to increase and some, on the contrary, to decrease. People's acceptance of diversity increased during the pandemic and decreased in both surveys in 2022, and trust in people has a steady upward trend, but the importance of social ties decreases somewhat in crisis conditions, given its growth in non-crisis times. The sphere of communication and its volume have significantly decreased, reflecting a decrease in trust in institutions, identification with them and perception of fair treatment during the pandemic, with these dimensions characterized by uneven changes in non-war and war periods in 2022. The connection with the place of work and study also decreases. This may be due to distance learning and working during certain periods in 2020 and in the wartime period of 2022. Orientation towards the common good increases with a slight decline in the military period of 2022. It is noteworthy that civic participation increases in times of crisis. According to the above data, there is an increase in some areas, and it can be said that cohesion slightly increases depending on the area, the group studied and the crisis period. The study showed changes in social stability and communications in the university community of the National Pedagogical Dragomanov University due to the impact of crisis conditions, in particular, war or pandemic. This study provides an understanding of the values of trust and social cohesion as key drivers of social behavior in different situations of social challenges, including the challenges of the war in Ukraine and the pandemic. These results can be used to study the resilience of Ukrainian society, to find the main directions and foundations of social stability.
ENCOURAGEMENT AS A METHOD OF MANAGING SOCIAL RELATIONS: APPLIED SIGNIFICANCE IN PUBLIC SERVICE
Authors: Bila-Tiunova Liubov , Panova Natalia , Frolova Yevheniia
Published: October 2022

The subject of the study is the conceptual, theoretical and methodological basis for the use of incentives as a method of management of social relations in general, and in the public service, in particular. Methodology: general and special methods of scientific knowledge were used in this study. The method of comparison was used to summarize the approaches of various researchers on the main dominants to the definition of the concepts of "method", "method of encouragement", "formal and informal techniques that constitute the content of the method of encouragement". The analysis was used to determine quantitative and qualitative parameters that characterize the specifics of the influence of the method of encouragement on public service relations. The results of the study have shown that in Ukraine, there is an urgent need to reassess the methods of public relations management with an emphasis on methods of a dispositive nature. Conclusion. An argumentation is offered regarding the distinction between encouragement as a "method of regulating relations in the public service" and as an "institution of encouragement in the public service". Formalized informal ways that cover the method of encouragement in public service are analyzed. It is established that the issue of informal ways of the method of encouragement in the public service has formed in connection with non-material variations of motivation of civil servants. The advantages of informal methods of method of encouragement in public service are revealed. The properties of the methods of proper regulation of public relations (public administration) are identified. It is noted that the content of each method is determined by the following features: the nature of relations between the participants of public interaction; techniques and means that are used (can be used) in the process of regulating influence; motivation that provides necessary/desirable behavior of a private person or authorized subject, acting as a subordination party or one of the parties of coordination interaction. It is argued the thesis that encouragement as a "method of regulation of public-service relations" is not identical to "institution of encouragement in public service". Formalized informal ways that encompass the method of encouragement in public service are analyzed. It has been established that the problem of informal ways of method of encouragement in public service has formed because of non-material variations in motivation of public servants. The advantages of informal ways of method of encouragement in public service are revealed.
TRANSFORMATIONAL CHANGES IN ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors: Cherep Alla , Voronkova Valentina , Androsova Olena
Published: October 2022

The relevance of research into transformational change in organizational management and human resources in the digital age is significant in the digital age, as organizations need to develop a humanistic approach to human resources. To do this, it is necessary to change all the bottom-up management mechanisms to create an effective functioning organization in which the person is the subject of all processes. All of this suggests that modern business must be adaptive, customer- and person-centered. The transformational processes taking place due to the impact of ICT on the development of human resource management show that it is something between online and offline, a combination of the digital and physical world. To date, there are no companies in which the anthropocracy conceptual works, there are no step-by-step instructions on how to switch to amocracy. The purpose of the research is theoretical and practical transformational changing aspects in the organizational management and human resources in the digital age. Study results. 1. The impact of ICT on the development of trends in the global transformation of human resource management. 2. The place and role of organizations in transformational change are disclosed. 4. The directions of implementation of the European vision of human resource management as a factor in the development of IT trends in the digital age are clarified. 5. The concept of personnel management as a factor in the development of humanistic principles under conditions of transformational change is formed. 6. The impact of ICT on the innovative development of regenerative economy and humane human resource management is analyzed. It is concluded that business today should be adaptive and client-oriented, client-oriented and people-oriented. In a democracy, the organization is a tool that people use to improve their lives, the main issue of bureaucracy is how to get people to better serve the goals of the organization. Leaders must adopt new people-centered principles and apply them to their organizations. The development of cloud platforms will help create products with a fundamentally new architecture - more flexible and scalable. The model of organization based on the concept of anthropocracy is a humanistic view aimed at people, relationships, empowerment, competence development, "the person who stands above everything." At the heart of aorganizational activity is a redefinition of economics as a subsystem of society and nature, as a tool for achieving a socially just and environmentally sustainable future, and a humanistic approach to managing organizations and human resources.
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION: PROBLEMATIC ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ISSUES, WAYS OF REFORMING
Authors: Horoshko Valentyna , Nazymko Yehor , Pavliutin Yurii
Published: October 2022

The subject of the study is the coverage of problematic issues and ways of reforming the criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine in the context of European integration. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is a dialectical method of scientific knowledge, through the application of this method the legal, functional, organizational and procedural aspects of methodological approaches to the understanding of problematic issues are considered and the ways of reforming the criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine in the context of European integration are considered. The results of the article analyze the current criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine and the legislation of the countries of the European Union. When analyzing the French criminal procedure, two main features can be identified, which distinguish it from the Anglo-Saxon legal system and are criticized by experts from Great Britain and the United States. In France judges are vested with considerable powers. The first feature of French criminal procedure is the institution of preliminary interrogation of the accused by the presiding judge. The judge verifies the sufficiency of the evidence for a conviction. Conclusion. So, based on the above, it is possible to conclude that the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine was created in the spirit of democratic values, but some of its norms need to be reformed in order to improve the mechanism of protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of an individual. The practical experience of France, the Federal Republic of Germany and Great Britain is relevant. The shortcomings of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine are highlighted. The prospects for their reform are outlined and amendments to the current legislation in the context of European integration are proposed. Prospects for further research: a) the study of the experience of individual foreign countries in the context of the improvement of criminal procedural norms; b) analysis of the possibility of harmonization of criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine with the norms of the European Union; c) development of an effective mechanism of relations between the subjects of criminal proceedings. The issue of the relevance and admissibility of evidence is also important. Articles 87-89 of the CPC of Ukraine establish the grounds and procedure for declaring evidence inadmissible. However, judicial practice shows a large number of criminal proceedings against public persons, which the court had to terminate due to the lack of evidence, due to the inadmissibility or improper nature of the evidence. The authors believe that the legislative regulation of the process of collecting evidence in the UK is a positive experience for Ukraine.
CONSUMER CONFIDENCE AND REAL ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE EUROZONE
Authors: Borisov Lachezar
Published: October 2022

Over the past 15 years, the world economic system has experienced two global crises: the financial and economic crisis of 2008 and the pandemic crisis of 2020. The financial crisis of 2008 had a significant impact on the development of the world economy, including the eurozone. Although some sectors of the economy are not recovering and have not reached pre-crisis levels of efficiency, overall economies are characterized by predictable and positive economic trends. The pandemic crisis poses new challenges to the economy in terms of business closures, disrupted supply chains, and high and accelerating inflation. All this brought to the fore the need to analyze the correlations between various indicators and the dynamics of economic growth, so that when unforeseen crises occur, decisions can be made quickly. The aim of the study is to analyze the degree of correlation between the indicator of consumer confidence and real GDP growth by quarter in the euro area. The tested hypothesis is that for the last three years there has been a strong correlation between quarterly data on real economic growth and consumers' direct assessments, as expressed by the consumer confidence indicator. The regression analysis and hypothesis testing are performed using seasonally adjusted monthly data on consumer confidence indicator and seasonally adjusted annual data by quarters on real annual GDP growth in Q2 2019 – Q1 2022. The in-depth regression analysis shows that there is a statistically significant linear relationship between the indicator of consumer confidence and real annual GDP growth by quarters for the period under study. The results of the Granger causality test confirm the conclusions drawn from the dynamic, correlation, and regression analyses. The results of the test prove not only the presence of causality, but also the ability of the consumer confidence indicator to predict real annual growth by quarter during periods of crisis. All this allows to conclude that in periods of import crises, the indicator of consumer confidence can also be used as an early signal of the presence of systemic problems and to determine the dynamics of GDP, as well as to implement specific economic measures and policies.
Public and private media coverage of the military coup in Zimbabwe
Authors:   University of Zimbabwe’s Journalism and Media Studies, Ruhanya Pedzisai , Matsilele Trust ,   Cape Peninsula University of Technology
Published: October 2022

This qualitative study examines coverage by Zimbabwe’s media of the events surrounding the military coup of November 2017. The study investigates 38 selected stories; 16 from the state controlled The Herald and 22 from the private owned Newsday newspapers. The sampled articles were considered relevant to the ‘military assisted political transition’ that took place in the period under study. Critically, the study is aimed to understand how events that transpired during the transitional period leading to President Robert Mugabe ouster, after three decades in power, have shaped journalism practice in Zimbabwe. Considering that the transitional period marked a major turning point in Zimbabwe’s political life, this study seeks to understand the role played by the country’s private and public media. In this paper, the authors try to find out who the two newspapers wrote about during the coup period, why the two normally opposite newspapers converged against Mugabe and how they framed his demise. Framing theory is used as an analytic lens of the study. The theory analyses meanings of statements, language and words used by the two newspapers. The study found out that, in an unusual situation, the newspapers reported a similar language and tone, demonstrating media convergence between a state-controlled newspaper and a private and oppositional publication that never existed since the country had gained independence in 1980. The study also observed that these media outlets violated journalistic ethics of fairness and right to reply as they saw the toppling of President Mugabe as crucial to the progress of the country.
Bacterial contamination of vegetables sold at Oba market Akure in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: B. A. Erinle  , A. O. Ajayi
Published: October 2022

Vegetables provides nutrients vital for health and maintenance of the body. As good and beneficial vegetables are, it can also be an harbinger for transmission of contamination and bacterial infections when not properly handled especially in the course of buying and selling in the market for consumption. A cross sectional study was conducted between January and March 2022, to assess the level of bacterial contamination of vegetables, this is the basis of the objective of this study. Method: Selected vegetables were purchased from local vendors from market. lt was processed for examination in the Microbiology laboratory where standard cultural techniques was carried out to identify, isolate and characterize the bacterial isolated. Result: Of the 280 vegetables samples examined, 102 (36.4%) were positive for bacteria while 178 (63.6%) had no bacteria isolated. The bacteria pathogens isolated were; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella species and Proteus mirabilis Conclusion; There was bacterial contamination from the result. The role of Environmental Health Officers to educate and sensitize the local vendors to monitor and ensure vegetables are properly displaced in shelves and provided in hygienic manner will reduce the contaminations and bacterial infection.
Atmega328p microcontroller based biometric starting system design for caterpillar D3k dozer heavy operators
Authors: Sumar Hadi Suryo
Published: October 2022

Heavy equipment industry is an employment sector with potentially high rate of accidents, which might occur due to the operator's own fault, where he or she does not have competence in operating such an equipment. This operator's fault accident ranks number two after that of the mechanic's accident rate, which is the focus of this research. In line with the latest digital electronic development, companies have been able to solve problems confronted with operators, one of which is through the application of biometric authorization device, which has been expected to be able to reduce the rate in the industrial accidents in heavy equipment rental. This device works by requiring authorization of the operator without inserting the manually inserted ignition key to the machine, but the operator's fingerprint that has been authorized into the system to operate such a machine. This, in turn, Will be able to reduce risks of getting an accident among operators. Fingerprint has its function to recognize the operator's identity as well as password to the electronic Ignition key to the machine that not everybody can get access to operating the machine to start it up. Design of this electronically control device is to produce biometrically engine start-up replacing the currently recognize Ignition switch to crank and switch off the engine using microcontroller ATmega328P system. Results of the study gained from the tests based on the standard operating procedures show based on the standard Operating procedures show a 100% success without any obstacles.
Numerical analysis of variation among accessions of West African okra Abelmoschuscaillei (a. chev) stevel)
Authors: Olusola Babatunde Kehinde  , Temitope Afolayan  , Olayinka Olufemi Olaniyi  , Feyisetan Omolola Sulaimon
Published: October 2022

Nineteen quantitative characters were observed on 14 accessions of West African Okra. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Complete Linkage Cluster Analysis (CLCA) were employed to analyses the variation pattern in these accessions. The first three principal components accounted for 68.47% of the total variation. Using character variation, complete linkage cluster analysis summarized the position of accessions into a dendrogram at interval of 5% level of similarity, while the accessions were sorted into five distinct groups.
Frequency of infectious disease caused by Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) among community and hospital acquired infections in Khartoum State, Sudan
Authors: Elsadig M. Hamdan  , Asmaa A. Hassan  , Hiba A. Ahmed  , Amany E. Ataelmanan  , Bakri Y. Nour  , Miskelyemen A. Elmakki  , Mogahid M. Elhassan
Published: October 2022

Background: S. aureus is the most common bacteria associated with both community and hospital associated infections. It is associated with skin and wound infection, pneumonia, endocarditis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis. Objectives: The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of infectious disease caused by Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus among community and hospital acquired infections in Khartoum State, Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional laboratory-based study was conducted during the period from November 2020 to January 2021. To isolate and identify S. aureus, the conventional method and protein A latex test were used. All isolated organisms were tested for their in-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility against methicillin (MET 5μg) disc using the Kirby-Baur disk diffusion method to detect MSSA. Result: The result showed a high frequency of community infection (80%). The majority of the isolates were isolated from patients with respiratory tract infection (28.7%), and the result showed that RTI more common on community infection (33.7%). Conclusion: The present study concluded that male more infected by MSSA and the highest frequency of isolates was in the age group more than 45 years. The present study highlighted that RTI is predominantly the site of infection by MSSA. The present study showed that RTI more common on community infection.
Accessibility of distance teaching and learning platforms used as catch up strategies amidst COVID-19 pandemic in rural areas
Authors: Stephen Mubanga  , Enock Mutepuka
Published: October 2022

The study explored accessibility of distance learning platforms used as catch up strategies amidst COVID-19 pandemic in rural areas at two selected secondary schools in Isoka district of Zambia. This study attempted to answer the research question ‘How accessible are the distance learning platforms used as catch up strategies amidst COVID-19 to learners in rural areas like those in Isoka district? The study employed a descriptive case study design following a qualitative approach. The study population comprised of grade 12 learners at Isoka boys’ and Muchinga secondary schools in Isoka district. Fifty (50) grade 12 leaners were purposively sampled to take part in the study. Qualitative data were collected using open-ended questionnaires and analysed thematically. Major findings of the study were that: (i) There was limited access to distance learning platforms used as catch up strategies during COVID-19 by some learners at the two secondary schools due to reasons such as; lack of technological devices and gadgets like smartphones, laptops, television sets and radio, unstable internet access, and insufficient power supply; (ii) There was no access to distance learning platforms at all, by some learners who literally had no gadgets and technological devices to use to access the online and broadcasted lessons. As a result, most of the learners experienced little or no learning through distance learning platforms used amidst COVID-19 pandemic. This study recommends that government in partnership with cooperating partners and other stakeholders should improve the internet access in rural areas. There is also need for the government through the ministry of education to find a way of providing rural schools with technological devices such as tablets, smartphones, laptops, and television sets so that learners can use them to access lessons through distance learning in case of predicaments such as COVID-19 pandemic.
Macrofungal biodiversity of Kop Mount (Bayburt-Erzurum)
Authors: POLAT Tolga , KELEŞ Ali
Published: October 2022

The study was mainly based on macrofungi samples collected from Kop Mount within the boundaries of Bayburt and Erzurum province between 2010 and 2011. Together with some previously presented taxa, a total of 88 macrofungi species belonging to 63 genera, 30 families, eight orders within classes Agaricomycetes, Leotiomycetes and Pezizomycetes have been compiled. The list of the determined taxa were presented together with their habitats, substrates, collection localities and personel voucher numbers.
Precise Localization of Offset Wells Crossed With Deep Directional Resistivity Measurements
Authors:   Schlumberger, Thiel Michael , Wang Haifeng ,   Schlumberger, Chen Yong-Hua ,   Schlumberger, Zaslavsky Mikhail ,   Schlumberger, Liang Lin ,   Schlumberger, Denichou Jean-Michel ,   Schlumberger, Hoeyland Henning ,   Jadestone Energy, Gallager Brian ,   Jadestone Energy, Xuan Phong Nguyen ,   Jadestone Energy
Published: October 2022

New wells drilled in brown oil and gas fields add to the many existing cased wells or wells with liners that have been placed over the years for production and injection. For each existing well, there is an uncertainty associated with its position and the uncertainty increases with measured depth because the well position can only be derived from the survey points. A new well drilled in brown fields can therefore easily cross the ellipse of uncertainty of old horizontal wells. In addition to the risk of collision, it is then not clear how close the planned new well will cross over the existing wells. Deep directional resistivity (DDR) measurements are sensitive to resistivity variations more than 30 m away from wellbore and strongly react if there is a casing or liner within this range. Hence the measurements can be used to localize the casing or liner. However, a casing within a layered reservoir is a complex 3D problem, consequently 1D interpretation is not suited for localizing a crossed casing and only leads to an erroneous estimation of the reservoir extend and resistivity in the vicinity of a crossed casing. However, the problem can often be reasonably well approximated in 2D in certain geometries. This paper presents how existing 2D imaging inversions are adapted to estimate the position and relative azimuth of a crossed cased well. Using a specialized 2D inversion setup, validation against 3D modeling shows that the location of a casing and its relative angle can be reasonably well determined. The 2D inversion result can then serve as an initial guess for an inversion with a 3D code tuned for accurate modeling of crossed casings which further refines the estimated position of the crossed well. The outlined workflow can also be adapted in the future for the detection of a cased well before it is crossed. The outlined workflow is applied to two wells, both drilled in mature fields, and reveals the position, the distance, and the relative angle of the crossed wells with high confidence.
Real-Time 3D Anisotropy Analysis Enables Lithology Identification at Distance
Authors:   Saudi Aramco, Elkhamry Ayman , Taher Ahmed ,   Halliburton, Bikchandaev Eduard ,   Halliburton, Fouda Mohamed ,   Halliburton
Published: October 2022

Ultra-deep ElectroMagnetic (EM) inversion is used to resolve multiple layers far from the wellbore. Since it primarily responds to resistivity variations, shale and water bearing sand layers of similar resistivity values can’t be resolved using a traditional resistivity inversion alone. It can be critical to identify the presence of water at distance, so that a standoff from the oil/water contact can be maintained to optimize production. Analysis of the resistivity alone means that a well path may be optimized to maintain a standoff from any low resistivity zone, to avoid drilling close to a potential water contact. Identifying the lithology at distance would remove the uncertainty, allowing a well to drill closer to a shale zone or maintaining distance from a water zone to optimize both well’s position and future production. Inversion for resistivity and anisotropy in three dimensions provides a solution that can improve lithological and fluid analysis in real time, allowing for more sophisticated well placement decisions to be made, by identifying any critical water bearing zones at distance. Real-time transmission of nine ultra-deep resistivity measurement components allows 3D inversion for both resistivity and anisotropy far away from the wellbore. The interpretation of these inversions is examined in clastic reservoirs where it is critical to differentiate between shale and water bearing sand layers at a distance from the well trajectory. Although shale zones could have very low resistivity values similar to that seen in water bearing sand, anisotropy values are generally much higher, due to the laminated nature of the shales. Therefore, resolving both resistivity and anisotropy at a distance allows the shale zone to be distinguished from water filled sand in real time, enabling successful geo-steering and keeping a desired offset above the water level. An example is presented where ultra-deep 3D inversion successfully mapped both resistivity and anisotropy. The lithology has a significant impact on the anisotropy; hence, it was possible to differentiate low resistive shale from the low resistive water bearing sand at a distance from the well trajectory. This information was used to optimize geosteering, geomapping and geostopping processes, and has the potential to be applied to future wells, where applicable. Interpretation results also provide valuable inputs for optimizing completions designs and reservoir management strategies. This paper presents the global first real-time well placement application of 3D resistivity and anisotropy inversions to avoid drilling into a water zone. This novel approach using ultra-deep azimuthal resistivity technology addressed the existing challenge of identifying shale and water filled sand zones of similar resistivities.
Characterization of Pulsed Neutron Responses to Monitor CCUS Projects
Authors:   Halliburton, Quintero Luis F. , Guo Weijun ,   Halliburton, Gales Robert ,   Halliburton
Published: October 2022

Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) projects are growing rapidly as one of the potential means to address climate change concerns. Whilst a CCUS project requires the careful coordination of many disciplines, i.e., financial, legal, transportation, regulatory, drilling,geology, etc., it is ultimately the non-granular volume ofsubsurface rocks where the CO2 will be stored. Theserocks are in most cases, behind one or more sheets ofmetal (casing) and cement. Therefore, multidetectorpulsed neutron tools (MDPNT), when properlycalibrated, seem like the best suited technologies foridentification and quantification of changes of CO2content within the near wellbore region. MDPNT have a source that emit high energy neutrons into the surrounding space, and one or more detectors capable of receiving the different responses from said space. Different algorithms analyze these responses within specific time and energy windows. The outputs of the algorithms represent key parameters that identify the atomic composition of the rock and its porous space. Four of these key parameters are the Neutron Capture Cross Section (Sigma), the Hydrogen Index (HI); the Carbon-Oxygen ratio (C/O); and a modified gas saturation estimation from a long detector (SAT-Q). Lab modeling and Monte Carlo simulation using a specific tool configuration and given invasion profiles, have been performed for a three-detector MDPNT with a near, far and long spacing from the source. The simulated media surrounding the tool mimics those of storage environments being targeted for CO2 storage projects, in terms of depth, temperature, pressure, rock type, wellbore size, casing material, rock properties and fluid content. The output is a set of plots and tables of the calibrated responses with dynamic ranges to cover a variety of typical downhole environments targeted in CCUS projects. The results illustrate the usefulness of three detector pulsed neutron tools to monitor the change of CO2 content within the radius of investigation of the sensors, in the near wellbore region.
A Multi-Physics While-Drilling Tool Integrates Continuous Survey, Gamma Ray Image, Caliper Image, and More
Authors:   Halliburton, Wang Jiaxin , Wiecek Bogdan ,   Halliburton, Leung Matthew ,   Halliburton, Parker Tim ,   Halliburton, Marlow Rodney ,   Halliburton
Published: October 2022

A continuous directional measurement (DM) provides a refined understanding of true well trajectory to minimize wellbore tortuosity and ensure safe drilling. An azimuthal gamma ray image enables accurate geosteering control, stratigraphical understanding, and determination of structural dip angles. A high-resolution caliper image visualizes complex geometry around the borehole to provide valuable inputs for well stability assessment, fracture mapping, and bedding analysis. A new multi-physics logging-while-drilling (LWD) tool introduced here integrates all these critical measurements in a 13-ft (4-m) long collar and works in both water-based and oil-based mud systems, ensuring that no important subsurface events are missed. Continuous inclination and azimuth measurements are provided by 3-axis accelerometers and magnetometers, along with an improved algorithm to provide measurements while rotating, sliding, and static. The tool is equipped with two gamma ray scintillation detectors spaced 180° apart, positioned close to the directional sensors. A thin sleeve protects the gamma ray detectors while positioning them as close to the formation as possible to improve measurement precision and image quality. State-of-the-art characterization provides an accurate calibration and environmental correction for various borehole conditions. Close to the gamma ray sensors, there are four ultrasonic transducers that operate in a pulse-echo mode. These transducers provide traveltime and reflection-amplitude measurements at 2000 Hz, enabling the creation of borehole size and shape measurements, and high-resolution radius and impedance images, even at high logging speeds. The image processing features a dual-mode mud-slowness calibration and uses a motion-based attenuation correction to remove eccentricity or lateral tool motion artifacts, enabling detailed and accurate identification of wellbore and formation features. The novel tool design, with focus on component miniaturization and sensor integration, reduces the need for connections on the rig floor and moves measurements closer to the bit. The proximity of continuous DM, gamma ray image, and caliper image provide greater allaround visibility during drilling and evaluation, encompassing borehole geometry, formation stratigraphy, and well trajectory. This paper provides a general description of the tool, together with its operational specifications and details of the methodology used to calibrate, characterize, and correct the various sensor responses. Log examples are presented, including cases with comparison data from wireline logging and examples where the integrated measurements complement each other to provide greater understanding of the reservoir.
Dynamics of the physicochemical characteristics of the thermomineral waters of the Daginsky field (before the reconstruction of the springs in 2019–2020)
Authors:   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Nikitenko O.A. , Ershov V.V. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Zharkov R.V. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Ustyugov G.V. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the results of studies (2017 and 2019) of the physicochemical characteristics of the thermomineral waters of the Daginsky field, obtained before the reconstruction of the springs in 2019–2020. The obtained data were compared with the data from the studies of previous years (1958–2014) in order to study the dynamics of the measured indicators in over time. It was found that the waters of the Daginsky field are characterized by the constancy of the chemical composition and reservoir temperatures calculated by means of hydrochemical geothermometers. This fact indicates a stable hydrogeological regime of the field. For many years, spatial hydrogeochemical heterogeneity has also been preserved within the field, which consists in the differences in some physicochemical indicators (surface temperatures, concentrations of Na+, Cl–, SO42–, HCO3–, etc.) of the thermomineral waters discharged in different sites (Northern, Central, Southern). It is shown that the content of microcomponents (B, Br–, Li+) in the studied waters, which were measured in different laboratories (or with different methods of chemical analysis) can differ significantly. The most reliable estimates of reservoir temperatures of the Daginsky field are obtained using Na-K, K-Mg and SiO2 hydrochemical geothermometers. The reservoir temperatures mainly range from 60 to100 °С, which corresponds to a circulation depth of the thermomineral waters of about 2–3 km. These researches provide a basis for the studying the further dynamics of hydrogeochemical indicators of the Daginsky field, including after the reconstruction of the thermomineral springs.
Dynamics of vegetation of the southern Primorye during the climatic rhythm of the Little Ice Age
Authors:   Pacific Geographical Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Lyashchevskaya M.S. , Ganzey L.A. ,   Pacific Geographical Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS
Published: October 2022

Six stages of vegetation development have been identified on the basis of a palynological study of floodplain deposits of the Tsukanovka River (southern Primorye). The first stage is transitional from the medieval warm period, the next four stages are comparable with the climatic phases of the Little Ice Age. The sixth stage in the development of vegetation reflects the modern warming in the 20th century, when modern landscapes have been formed with the participation of the anthropogenic factor. The specific development of a complex of atmospheric-hydrospheric processes, which developed under the direct influence of long-term variations in solar activity, was the reason for the emergence of the Little Ice Age. The coldest phase in the territory of southern Primorye occurred at the end of the 17th century and coincided with the Maunder Grand Minimum of solar activity (1645–1715), it is also characterized by a decrease in humidity. The development of forest vegetation in the valley of the Tsukanovka River recorded alternating warm and cold episodes during the Little Ice Age. In relatively warm phases, the proportion of oak and other broad-leaved trees increased in the forest vegetation in southern Primorye, while in cold phases the proportion of alder increased. In the first half of the XVI century on the territory of southern Primorye, an increase in humidity due to an increase in precipitation is noted. The correlation of paleoclimatic rhythms identified on the basis of spore-pollen analysis results during the Little Ice Age in southern Primorye, with dendrochronological data for the southern Sikhote-Alin and other regions of the northern hemisphere, as well as with historical evidence from neighboring China, has showed the synchronism of the onset of climatic events in the regions, which reflects their global nature and global scale.
First results of field work in 2021 on the group of Novikovskiye Karyernye lakes (Sakhalin Island): morphology and morphometric parameters of basins
Authors:   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Romanyuk F.A. , Kozlov D.N. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Zharkov R.V. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS
Published: October 2022

Data on the morphology of the lake basins of three Novikovskiye Karyernye lakes, formed after the completion of coal mining at the Novikovo brown coal field with germanium-bearing coals (Novikovo village, Korsakov district of the Sakhalin region) were considered for the first time in the work. Bathymetric profiles and schemes with isobats made using interpolation of data from 29 high resolution echo-sounder profiles with a total length of about 25 km are given in the article. Morphometric indices of the lakes are calculated; the morphological appearance of their basins is described. The data on the depths and chemical composition of Biryuzovoye Karyernoye lake – the deepest waterbody on Sakhalin Island – are updated. The comparative characteristics of the lakes have been carried out.
Large-scale mapping of the vegetation of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano and the adjacent landscape (Sakhalin Island) using satellite data
Authors:   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Shvidskaya K.A. , Kopanina A.V. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS
Published: October 2022

The methods of remote sensing of the Earth, due to their efficiency and information content, are widely used to research vegetation dynamics and monitor volcanic activity. The purpose of this work is to research the dynamics of the mud volcanic landscapes and vegetation cover of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano, as well as its eruption, using Earth remote sensing data. The total area of the study area is 11.5 km2. The work was done in QGIS 3.16 program using Sentinel-2B satellite image, images from Google Earth program and graphic maps of the study area created by O.A. Melnikov and V.V. Ershov. An updated large-scale schematic map of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano has been created, displaying all known volcanic eruption fields over the last 70 years, modern and extinct eruptive centers. A semi-automatic classification of the Sentinel-2B satellite image was carried out using the methods of supervised and unsupervised classification using the Semi-Automatic Classification Plugin module. Based on the results of two types of classification, the areas of vegetation classes of the study area were calculated and two maps of the vegetation cover of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano were created on a scale of 1 : 50 000 as of 2018. The maps need to be refined, but they can already be used to analyze the dynamics of the vegetation cover of the study area. In our opinion, it is more expedient to apply unsupervised classification before conducting a field survey of the area of interest, and supervised classification after. The practical significance of satellite monitoring of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano lies in the ability to quickly monitor its activity, assess the recreational load and study the impact of volcano activity on vegetation and the landscape as a whole.