bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Risks Among Informal Waste Workers in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Karki Alisha , Karki Jiban , Joshi Saugat , Black Michelle N. , Rijal Barsha , Basnet Srijana , Makai Prabina , Fossier Heckmann Astrid , Baral Yuba Raj , Lee Andrew
Published: October 2022

Informal waste workers are a vulnerable population group who are often socio-economically marginalized and disadvantaged, with more likelihood of experiencing ill health than the general population. To explore the determinants of mental ill health in this group, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1278 informal waste-workers in Nepal in 2017, using a demographic health assessment questionnaire and a modified Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). We looked at the potential associations between various exposure factors and mental health outcomes and found that 27.4% of waste-workers had depressive symptoms, more likely to be reported by female (OR 2.290), older person (OR 7.757), divorced/separated (5.859), and those with ill health (OR 2.030), or disability (OR 3.562). Waste-workers with access to social protection (OR 0.538) and financial savings (OR 0.280) were less likely to have depressive symptoms. There are key risk factors that may enable identification of particularly vulnerable persons within this group and also protective factors that may help improve their mental health resilience.
Long umbilical cord and its mysterious demeanour: A case report
Authors: Verma Menka , Dahiya Pushpa , Goyal Ankita , Dalal Monika , Sinha Pooja
Published: October 2022

True knots in the umbilical cord are rare, affecting approximately 1% of all pregnancies. The diagnosis may be missed antenatally during routine ultrasonography. Many known predisposing factors are associated with true knotting. In the majority of cases, it has no bearing on foetal outcome, but may rarely be linked to intra-uterine foetal death.
Effect of thermal parameters on heat storage and release performance of phase change material composite wall
Authors: Zhang Feng , Jiang Fengqi , Xu Zhanyang , Yu Wei , Bai Yikui , Liu Wenhe
Published: October 2022

In order to enlarge and improve the application of phase changing materials (PCM) composite wall in Chinese solar greenhouse (CSG), the effect of thermal parameters on heat storage and release performance of PCM composite wall were systematically and scientifically investigated by available CFD code of commercial software ANSYS-Fluent, which was almost determined by the parameters such as density, thermal conductive, latent heat fusion and specific heat capacity. The numerical simulation was reasonably validated by the experimental result under the same condition, which was conducted by error analysis of interval analysis (IA) method. The result is shown that IA result between numerical simulation and experiment is 0.96, while the numerical simulation of PCM composite wall is significantly accurate and reliable. The maximum temperature of the center point in interior surface is completely dependent on the contrary tendency changing of thermal parameters at heating time, of which is directly proportional to thermal parameters changing at cooling time, except the specific heat capacity. While only the thermal conductivity increasing is benefit for increasing interior surface temperature of PCM composite wall at final cooling time. The effect of solely thermal parameter on the heat storage and release performance changing of PCM composite wall is from strength to weaken: density changing ([Formula: see text]) > thermal conductivity changing ([Formula: see text]) > latent heat fusion of liquid changing ([Formula: see text]) > specific heat capacity changing ([Formula: see text]).
Sinonasal Teratocarcinosarcoma Involving Orbital and Intracranial Extension: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Zhou Tao , Tian Yuan , Zhu Zhipeng , Yue Jianxin , Cheng Qing , Niu Xun , Zhou Yue , Fan Jun , Zhou Liuqing , Sun Haiying
Published: October 2022

Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma (SNTCS) is one of the rarest and most highly invasive malignant neoplasms often found in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. SNTCS is often misdiagnosed because of its morphological heterogeneity. Due to its rarity, clinical characteristics and optimal therapy have not been well-established. Here, we present a case of SNTCS with orbital and intracranial extensions. A 48-year-old male patient presented with left-side nasal obstruction for 3 years. He appeared with visual and neurological symptoms 2 months ago. On radiographic examination, a mass was observed in the left paranasal sinuses with orbital and intracranial extension involvement. The mass was surgically resected. In the future, knowledge of this entity may assist in the accurate diagnosis and proper management of SNTCS.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Businesses in the US: A Longitudinal Study from a Regional Perspective
Authors: Kang Wei , Wang Qingfang
Published: October 2022

Small businesses have suffered disproportionately from the COVID-19 pandemic. We use near-real-time weekly data from the Small Business Pulse Survey (April 26, 2020 - June 17, 2021) to examine the constantly changing impact of COVID-19 on small businesses across the United States. A set of multilevel models for change are adopted to model the trajectories of the various kinds of impact as perceived by business owners (subjective) and those recorded for business operations (objective), providing insights into regional resilience from a small business perspective. The findings reveal spatially uneven and varied trajectories in both the subjectively and the objectively assessed impact of COVID-19 across the U.S., and the different responses to the pandemic shock can be explained by evolving health situations and public policies, as well as by the economic structure and degree of socioeconomic vulnerability in different areas. This study contributes to scholarship on small businesses and regional resilience, as well as identifying policies and practices that build economic resilience and regional development under conditions of global pandemic disruption.
On super apps and app stores: digital media logics in China’s app economy
Authors: Jia Lianrui , Nieborg David B. , Poell Thomas
Published: October 2022

Aiming to enrich the conceptual vocabulary of platform and app studies, this article provides a critical political economic perspective on the media industry to understand how platform power is operationalized in the app economy. Using the China-based tech conglomerate Tencent as a case study, four mechanisms are discussed: conglomeration, financialization, platformization, and infrastructuralization. These mechanisms show how Tencent leveraged both a conglomerated corporate structure and access to finance capital. This was combined with the infrastructuralization of the MyApp app store and the WeChat platform by providing vertically integrated app development and distribution services, which are nested in Tencent’s holdings and investments. Taking Tencent as the starting point for theory building, this article attempts to “provincialize” US-based platform companies by charting Tencent’s corporate evolution and its path to mobile dominance.
Impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty and Pandemic Uncertainty on International Tourism: What do We Learn From COVID-19?
Authors: Zhao Xin , Meo Muhammad Saeed , Ibrahim Tella Oluwatoba , Aziz Noshaba , Nathaniel Solomon Prince
Published: October 2022

Uncertainty is an overarching aspect of life that is particularly pertinent to the present COVID-19 pandemic crisis; as seen by the pandemic’s rapid worldwide spread, the nature and level of uncertainty have possibly increased due to the possible disconnects across national borders. The entire economy, especially the tourism industry, has been dramatically impacted by COVID-19. In the current study, we explore the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and pandemic uncertainty (PU) on inbound international tourism by using data gathered from Italy, Spain, and the United States for the years 1995–2021. Using the Quantile on Quantile (QQ) approach, the study confirms that EPU and PU negatively affected inbound tourism in all states. Wavelet-based Granger causality further reveals bi-directional causality running from EPU to inbound tourism and unidirectional causality from PU to inbound tourism in the long run. The overall findings show that COVID-19 has had a strong negative effect on tourism. So resilient skills are required to restore a sustainable tourism industry.
Equitable identification of gifted students with the relationship of religiosity and ethical sensitivity level of teachers
Authors: Lee Hyeseong , Wilkins Martha A. , O’Brien Ann
Published: October 2022

As teachers are the gatekeepers in identification procedure, it is crucial to understand how teachers’ openness and beliefs may affect the equitable identification. To be specific, we focused on how teachers’ level of religious beliefs and ethical sensitivity impact notions of fairness in the identification of gifted students, particularly those from traditionally underrepresented groups. Study participants were 46 teachers who attended a Midwestern Catholic University in the U.S. Based on the results measuring teachers’ religiosity, ethical sensitivity, and equitable identification index from vignettes, we found that there were no statistically significant score differences of religiosity and ethics level of teachers when they were divided into two groups, one showing equitable identification versus the other comparatively not. However, the majority of teachers (70%) fairly identified students regardless of their religiosity, ethical sensitivity, school experiences, confidence level serving gifted students, and current academic status when the vignettes had different students’ race and family income status information.
The German media as amplifier of the political agenda: The economic policy framing of European conflicts in times of COVID-19
Authors: Teschendorf Victoria Sophie
Published: October 2022

Especially in times of (corona) crisis, the German press plays a crucial role in communicating Germany’s economic policy orientation, influencing how the crisis is communicated to the public. The issue of joint European debt has never been more visible than in these times, as has the threat of a new euro crisis—Italy in focus. This study explores the German media framing of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using Italy as an example. Applying quantitative content analysis, the relative prevalence of frames rooted in competing economic policy paradigms (neoliberal/Keynesian) in press coverage from February to July 2020 is examined. The Keynesian paradigm dominates coverage. Using logit analysis, issue-specific neoliberal frames are identified as solution oriented, while Keynesian frames focus on evaluations. With Germany's policy shift regarding European joint debt and toward European greater fiscal integration, a paradigm shift is observable. Overall, findings demonstrate a relatively paradigmatic pluralistic reporting.
Virtual monoenergetic images by spectral detector computed tomography may improve image quality and diagnostic ability for ischemic lesions in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Mellander Helena , Bengtsson Pär , Fransson Veronica , Ramgren Birgitta , Undrén Per , Drake Mattias , Ydström Kristina , Lätt Jimmy , Hilal Amir , Wassélius Johan , Ullberg Teresa
Published: October 2022

Background

Acute ischemic lesions are challenging to detect by conventional computed tomography (CT). Virtual monoenergetic images may improve detection rates by increased tissue contrast.

Purpose

To compare the ability to detect ischemic lesions of virtual monoenergetic with conventional images in patients with acute stroke.

Material and Methods

We included consecutive patients at our center that underwent brain CT in a spectral scanner for suspicion of acute stroke, onset <12 h, with or without (negative controls) a confirmed cortical ischemic lesion in the initial scan or a follow-up CT or magnetic resonance imaging. Attenuation was measured in predefined areas in ischemic gray (guided by follow-up exams), normal gray, and white matter in conventional images and retrieved in spectral diagrams for the same locations in monoenergetic series at 40–200 keV. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated. Visual assessment of diagnostic measures was performed by independent review by two neuroradiologists blinded to reconstruction details.

Results

In total, 29 patients were included (January 2018 to July 2019). SNR was higher in virtual monoenergetic compared to conventional images, significantly at 60–150 keV. CNR between ischemic gray and normal white matter was higher in monoenergetic images at 40–70 keV compared to conventional images. Virtual monoenergetic images received higher scores in overall image quality. The sensitivity for diagnosing acute ischemia was 93% and 97%, respectively, for the reviewers, compared to 55% of the original report based on conventional images.

Conclusion

Virtual monoenergetic reconstructions of spectral CIs may improve image quality and diagnostic ability in stroke assessment.
Magnetic resonance imaging of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis: a pictorial review
Authors: Dixit Rashmi , Gupta Akarshi , Prakash Anjali , Pradhan Gaurav Shanker
Published: October 2022

Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis is a potentially fatal disease requiring early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for disease evaluation and timely detection of intracranial complications. Angio-invasive nature leading to necrosis and infarction is the hallmark of mucormycosis. The disease follows a fulminant course extending from the paranasal sinuses to involve the orbit, deep neck spaces, skull base, facial bones, and intracranial compartment. Loss of vision either due to direct extension into the orbit or optic nerve infarction adds to disease morbidity. Prompt MRI using dedicated sequences can help in assessing the exact disease extent including early osseous and intracranial changes, which aid in precise disease management.
Understanding the lived music listening experiences of adults on the autism spectrum
Authors: Venter Frans , Morelli Janelize , Erasmus Ewie
Published: October 2022

This study focused on the role music listening experiences play in the lives of three South African adults on the autism spectrum. The purpose of this interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is to understand the role that music listening plays in the lives of three adults living with autism. IPA considers three key areas of philosophical knowledge, which include phenomenology, hermeneutics, and idiography. We, therefore, interpreted the role of music listening for our participants by highlighting similarities and differences between the participants’ lived experiences. The findings emerging from this study revealed five superordinate themes explaining the significance of music listening in the adults’ lives: (1) coping with auditory sensitivity, (2) getting lost in music, (3) music is a companion, (4) self-regulation, and (5) finding connection. The importance of music for masking or coping with sensory overload is distinct from the studies conducted to understand the music listening experiences of neurotypical individuals. It is our hope that the findings of this IPA provide rich idiographic descriptions of the individual experiences of our participants, thereby humanizing their music listening experiences.
Towards Sunrise: Innovations in the Representations of the Swallow in the Funerary Papyri of the Twenty-First Dynasty
Authors: Enany Abir
Published: October 2022

The funerary papyri belonging to the priesthood of Amun-Re of the Twenty-First Dynasty offer a rich field for exploration. The socio-religious circumstances of the period influenced the representations within the papyri leading to a variety of innovative illustrations. Of these are the depictions of the barn swallow, which is the topic of the current study. The present work focuses on 24 representations of the swallow in a corpus of 22 papyri that are currently in various museums around the world. The study classifies those representations into two main divisions, namely those of Chapter 86 of the Book of the Dead and those depicting the bird on the prow of the morning solar boat.
Effect of Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis on the Rate of Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Elite Athletes
Authors: Borque Kyle A. , Jones Mary , Laughlin Mitzi S. , Balendra Ganesh , Willinger Lukas , Pinheiro Vítor Hugo , Williams Andy
Published: October 2022

Background:

There is growing evidence that anterolateral procedures can reduce the risk of rerupture in high-risk recreational athletes undergoing primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). However, this effectiveness has never been evaluated in elite athletes.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) in reducing revision rates in primary ACLR in elite athletes. Additionally, this study evaluated whether LET had a greater effect when combined with ACLR utilizing a hamstring or patellar tendon graft.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A consecutive cohort of elite athletes with an isolated ACL tear undergoing autograft patellar or hamstring tendon reconstruction with or without Lemaire LET were analyzed between 2005 and 2018. A minimum 2-year follow-up was required. The association between the use of LET and ACL graft failure as defined by revision ACLR was evaluated with univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.

Results:

A total of 455 elite athletes (83% men and overall age 22.5 ± 4.7 years) underwent primary ACLR with (n = 117) or without (n = 338) a LET procedure. Overall, 36 athletes (7.9%) experienced ACL graft failure, including 32 (9.5%) reconstructions without a LET and 4 (3.4%) with a LET. Utilization of LET during primary ACLR reduced the risk of graft failure by 2.8 times, with 16.5 athletes needing LET to prevent a single ACL graft failure. Multivariate models showed that LET significantly reduced the risk of graft rupture (relative risk = 0.325; P = .029) as compared with ACLR alone after controlling for sex and age at ACLR. Including graft type in the model did not significantly change the risk profile, and although a patellar tendon graft had a slightly lower risk of failure, this was not statistically significant ( P = .466).

Conclusion:

The addition of LET reduced the risk of undergoing revision by 2.8 times in elite athletes undergoing primary ACLR. This risk reduction did not differ significantly between the patellar tendon and hamstring tendon autografts. With these results, status as an elite athlete should be included in the indications for a LET, as they are at increased risk for ACL graft failure.
Ethnoracial Disparities in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Brief Report
Authors: Hong Michin , Yi Eun-Hye Grace , Kim HaeJung
Published: October 2022

Despite the well-identified vulnerability of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is unclear about their experiences with COVID-related posttraumatic stress disorder symptomology (COVID-PTSD). This study examined ethnoracial disparities in the level of, and factors associated with, COVID-PTSD using a national data set, including 1926 Whites and 488 ethnoracial minorities. Results showed that ethnoracial minorities reported a greater COVID-PTSD than Whites. COVID-related distress was the common risk factor of COVID-PTSD for the both groups. Being a female and greater social support were associated with COVID-PTSD only for Whites, whereas higher education, greater IADL and fewer ADL limitations were associated with COVID-PTSD for ethnoracial minorities. The findings provided preliminary, but generalizable understanding of ethnoracial disparities in COVID-PTSD, among the Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65.
Multiple-criteria decision analysis to substantiate the prospects of industrial and solid municipal wastes as slurry fuel components
Authors: Romanov Daniil , Vershinina Ksenia , Nyashina Galina , Strizhak Pavel
Published: October 2022

This article investigates the recovery of typical wastes (coal slime, sawdust, cardboard and tire pyrolysis residue) as part of high-moisture slurry fuels. Using a laboratory furnace, the ignition and combustion characteristics of fuels as well as NO x and SO x emissions were determined. Using multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods and experimental results, we access the performance of four different slurry fuels in comparison with bituminous coal. The novelty of the study is based on the following features: we consider a unique set of parameters of the fuels (economic, environmental, safety and energy indicators), as well as three countries for their potential use (the USA, India and Russia); three different methods for calculating the efficiency indicator of each fuel were used. Despite rather low energy performance, the summarizing efficiency indicator of waste-based slurries was 53–93% higher than that of coal. The use of cardboard in the composition of a fuel blend showed the best complex result (the increase in the efficiency indicator was 80–93% relative to coal). The least promising additive was the pyrolysis residue of automobile tires. Its addition resulted in a 10–15% decrease in overall efficiency relative to a slurry without additives. The research results are useful for optimizing the component composition of waste-based slurries, technical and economic development of projects for the incineration of various wastes in the form of high-moisture fuel slurries.
‘Intelligible to the mind and pleasing to the eye’: Mapping out kinship in British family directories (1660–1830)
Authors: Jettot Stéphane
Published: October 2022

Peerages and baronetages were successful commercial directories sold by a number of prominent London booksellers from the beginning of the 18th century. They provided an account of most titled families (peers as well as baronets). As serial publications, they were intended for a larger public in need of identification tools in a context of expanding urban sociability and of major recomposition within the elites. In these pocket books, there were no longer the elaborate tree diagrams that had ornamented most of the visitation books of the College of Arms, and which still could be found among ancient family papers. This transition was required for technical, commercial, and also ideological reasons. The selling point for publishers was to provide an up-to-date account of the ‘modern’ families, which could be better achieved through alphabetical listings, biographical discourses, or tabular charts. However, this formal reconfiguration led to many criticisms. These family directories were accused of compromising the dignity of titled families. The idea of a lost Golden Age when ancient lineages had been exhibited on stone, wooden panels, or vellum regained some appeal among social commentators. After 1760, with the renewal of radicalism and the onset of the age of revolutions, tree thinking came to be rehabilitated, but was also reinvented to better defend and naturalise social hierarchies. In this context, trees were increasingly used as powerful national emblems and less as dynastic emblems. The changing fortunes of family trees in 18th-century British prints enable us to reflect on the ideological aspects of the visualisation of kinship.
Analyses of charging power and performance in electric vehicles using Fuzzy Type-II approach
Authors: Marvi Moghadam Atefeh , Balochian Saeed
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, there is a need for charging electric vehicles (EVs) wirelessly, since it provides a more convenient, reliable, and safer charging option for the EV customers. A wireless charging system using a double-sided LCC compensation topology is proven to be highly efficient. In this paper, considering the importance of wireless charging of electric vehicles, using a circuit equivalent to the wireless power Transfer (WPT) system, the behavior of electric vehicles in the power grid only in technical analysis is investigated. Accordingly, two different scenarios have been used in modeling and simulation. In the first scenario, the charge of electric vehicles was controlled using an [Formula: see text] controller to stabilize the charging frequency. The model predictive control (MPC) controller was used to identify the optimum power factor for electric vehicles and determine the optimal power values and efficiency. In the second scenario, a two-way AC-DC converter was designed using a Fuzzy type-II controller under uncertainty to provide precise control over the vehicle charge exchange in terms of voltage, current, and stage of control (SOC). So, type-II fuzzy controller is used to control the process of charging and discharging vehicles. The results show that the final efficiency is 0.98, and the power will be 1480 W.
Strengthening techniques for masonry domes: A review
Authors: Bayraktar Alemdar , Bayraktar Serap , Hökelekli Emin
Published: October 2022

Historical masonry domes are an important part of the architectural and engineering heritage in the World. They have been extensively used to cover the spaces of temples, mausoleums, palaces, forts, baths, churches, mosques, etc. Damages and collapses of masonry domes occurred as a result of earthquakes or lack of maintenance. Therefore, many efforts have been devoted to clarifying the theoretical and experimental responses of masonry domes by researchers. In addition to traditional techniques, significant developments have been achieved on the strengthening of masonry domes using innovative techniques. The study firstly presents a complete review on the state of knowledge about theoretical and experimental responses and strengthening of masonry domes under static and dynamic loads. Then crack patterns and failure mechanisms of masonry domes are explained, and traditional and innovative strengthening techniques that can be rehabilitated the masonry dome without any harmful intervention or disagreement with conservation principles are introduced and evaluated in detail.
Progression of non-anemic macrocytosis to anemia in HIV-positive persons receiving zidovudine-containing regimens in a resource-limited setting
Authors: Nanthatanti Nithita , Charoenphak Sirima , Sungkanuparph Somnuek
Published: October 2022

Background

Non-anemic macrocytosis is frequently observed among HIV-positive persons treated with zidovudine in resource-limited settings. Although zidovudine-associated anemia is well recognized, the probability and predictors of progression from non-anemic macrocytosis to anemia are still unknown.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted among HIV-positive persons receiving zidovudine-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) with non-anemic macrocytosis. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the probability and predictive factors of progression from non-anemic macrocytosis to anemia, respectively.

Results

Of 318 HIV-positive persons, 59.4% were male; mean age was 44.3 years. The median follow-up duration was 5.8 years. The probabilities of progression to anemia at 1, 3 and 4 years were estimated at 9.4, 17.3 and 21.3%, respectively. Almost all anemia was mild asymptomatic. Duration of zidovudine use [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.141; 95% confidence interval (CI),1.036-1.256; p = .007], CD4 count prior to start zidovudine [HR = 0.991; 95%CI,0.982-0.999; p = .038], and hematocrit level at development of macrocytosis [HR = 0.683; 95%CI,0.541-0.861; p = .001] were significant factors to predict progression to anemia.

Conclusion

Non-anemic macrocytosis in HIV-positive persons receiving zidovudine-containing ART can progress to anemia. Longer duration of zidovudine use, lower CD4 cell counts at ART initiation, and lower hematocrit level at development of macrocytosis are predictive factors for progression to anemia.
Identifying demographics of high risk male and LGBTQ+ survivors of domestic abuse from acute London hospital referrals – case review
Authors: Smith Jo , Baker Emily , Hepworth Eleanor , Melendez-Torres GJ , Nicholas Rachel , Cohen Charlotte E
Published: October 2022

Background

Heterosexual men, and lesbians, gay men, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ+) people are under-described in research and resources relating to domestic abuse (DA), compared to heterosexual cisgender female survivors. Many of the identified DA cases within our hospital organisation that warrant onward multidisciplinary referral, due to ongoing high harm risk, are for male and LGBTQ+ survivors. We aimed to describe demographics and risk patterns of these cases, to inform and equip our specialist Independent Domestic Violence Advocacy (IDVA) service.

Method

We performed a retrospective case-note review of all Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conferences (MARAC) referrals for DA, featuring male & LGBTQ+ subjects, across Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (CWFT), London, UK between April 2019 - December 2020. We recorded demographic data of referral subjects and perpetrators; the origin of referral; the nature of the initial presenting complaint and whether the DA was identified by the subject or by the healthcare provider on enquiry; and recorded rates of co-marginalising and harm risk factors (dependent children, disability, mental health comorbidity, HIV status, drug use, homelessness).

Results

We identified 33 cases: 10.2% of CWFT’s total MARAC referrals were for men, and 6.7% for LGBTQ+ people (cf. national figures from the same period: 0.1% and 1.3% respectively). Nearly half (48.5%, 16) of the referrals came from sexual health services, just under half (45.5%, 15) from Emergency Departments. 42% (14) disclosures were elicited incidentally during routine enquiry. Six (18%) subjects were also known survivors of sexual violence in addition to DA. The majority (79%, 26) of perpetrators were current or ex-intimate partners. Eight (24%) of the subjects had children under 18. High rates of co-marginalisation factors were present, including use of recreational drugs (45.5%, 15), belonging to an ethnic minority (39.4%, 13), living with HIV (24.2%, 8), living with a disability (18%, 6), mental health comorbidity (27.3%, 9), and experience or risk of homelessness (9%, 3).

Conclusions

Our trust reports a high rate of male and LGBTQ+ high-risk DA referrals, and amongst these there is a high rate of intersecting disadvantages and risk factors. This underlines a need for inclusivity for marginalised groups, inbuilt into domestic abuse health responses. The high rate of disclosure during routine enquiry for domestic abuse supports the use of DA routine enquiry in sexual health settings, and points towards the utility of selective enquiry in other settings (for example, heterosexual males presenting with injuries to emergency departments). We hope that by working with a specialised LGBTQ+ IDVA, we will improve both prompt identification and better outcomes for more GSM patients.
Making therapy more transparent: On Kevin R. Smith’s therapeutic ethics
Authors: Meijer Michiel
Published: October 2022

This review essay describes, analyzes, and evaluates Kevin R. Smith’s two supplementary short books, The Ethical Visions of Psychotherapy (2021) and Therapeutic Ethics in Context and in Dialogue (2021). It describes the main purpose of the books—to develop the idea of therapeutic ethics—summarizes the content, analyzes Smith’s main approach and goals, and evaluates his success in developing therapeutic ethics. The main recommendation is that, while Smith builds on Charles Taylor’s work in illuminating ways, there are yet further resources available in Taylor’s philosophy for developing therapeutic ethics in more detail.
Electroacupuncture alleviates cognitive dysfunction and neuronal pyroptosis in septic mice
Authors: Li Yan , Li Zhaoying , He Fujuan , Qin Chenguang , Fan Rui , Zhang Fangxiang , Wang Bin
Published: October 2022

Background:

Sepsis is defined as organ dysfunction caused by an uncontrolled response to infection and is followed by a high incidence of cognitive dysfunction, which can severely affect patients’ quality of life. Previous studies have suggested that electroacupuncture (EA) is protective against sepsis-associated cognitive dysfunction and that pyroptosis plays a vital role in cognitive function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EA on cognition and neuronal pyroptosis in a mouse model of sepsis.

Methods:

Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery. Mice were randomly divided into three groups (control, CLP and CLP + EA). EA was performed at bilateral ST36 for three consecutive days after the surgery. The 7-day survival rate of each group was observed on the seventh day after the surgery. The Morris water maze (MWM) was used to test cognitive function from the 8th to 12th day after the surgery. We used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining to determine the structural integrity of hippocampal neuronal membranes and the number of surviving neurons in the hippocampal tissues, respectively. Expression of nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1), caspase-1 and gasdermin-D (GSDM D) in hippocampal CA1 neurons was detected by Western blotting and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and caspase-1 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:

Compared with the CLP group, 7-day survival rates and cognitive function were significantly improved in the CLP + EA group. After EA treatment, the integrity of the hippocampal CA1 neuronal membrane and mortality of hippocampal neurons were significantly decreased, and expression of NLRP1, caspase-1 and GSDM D was downregulated.

Conclusion:

EA can alleviate cognitive dysfunction and neuronal pyroptosis in septic mice.
Maternal Ideas About Child Competence in Two Cultural Groups of the Indian Society
Authors: Mishra R. C.
Published: October 2022

This article examines the differences and similarities in the conception of child competence held by mothers of the Adivasi 1 and non-Adivasi cultural groups of Indian society. Two hundred mothers,100 from each group, who had a school-going child between 7 and 8 years of age (range = 6.5 – 8.5 years), served as respondents. The Adivasi mothers belonged to the Kharwar group, whereas the non-Adivasi mothers were all Hindus and belonged to Yadav and Bania caste groups. Respondents from both groups lived in the same villages. A mother’s conception of ‘competence’ was assessed by asking each mother to imagine a child of 7–8 years who she thought was ‘doing well’ and then point out the domains in which the child was ‘doing well’. It was found that mothers of both groups considered physical and social domains significant to the same degree. The non–Adivasi mothers, more than the Adivasi mothers, used cognitive competence to conceptualise competence, while the Adivasi mothers emphasised, emotional and self-related domains for defining competence. Certain important differences within the sub-domains of each of the five main domains between the two groups were also found. Differences in defining child competence between Adivasi and non-Adivasi mothers are understood in terms of parental ethno-theories and eco-cultural approach.
Assessing the Feasibility and Implementation of Palliative Care Triggers in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit to Improve Interdisciplinary Collaboration for Patient and Family Care
Authors: Love Gillian , Mangan Shawn , McKay Michelle , Caplan Holden , Fitzpatrick Eleanor , Marks Joshua A. , Liantonio John
Published: October 2022

Although palliative care focuses on supporting patients and families through serious illness, it is underutilized in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). In 2020, patients in the SICU represented only 2.75% of our palliative team’s consults. We hypothesize that utilization of palliative care triggers in the SICU will increase collaboration between SICU and palliative care teams and improve patient/family experiences. After reviewing our team’s consultation records and the published literature, a consult trigger program was implemented for patients with a SICU length of stay >10 days, unplanned SICU readmission, or new diagnosis of metastatic cancer. A pre-intervention survey assessed SICU providers’ perceptions of palliative care. Retrospective analysis evaluated qualitative and quantitative measures. 97% of SICU providers felt increased palliative care would be helpful. During the 6-month project, January 1, 2021 – June 30, 2021, our palliative team performed 27 triggered consults, representing 3.3% of the total 818 consults performed during this period and thus a 20% increase in SICU palliative consults. Triggered consults represented many primary surgical services and the most common consult reason was length-of-stay. All consults included discussions about goals of care and 16 of the 27 patients/families expressed restorative goals. Numerous notes documented family appreciation.
Longitudinal Invariance of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Across Ages 4 to 16 in the ALSPAC Sample
Authors: Speyer Lydia Gabriela , Auyeung Bonnie , Murray Aja Louise
Published: October 2022

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) has been widely used to study children’s psychosocial development longitudinally; however, such analyses assume longitudinal measurement invariance, that is, they presuppose that symptom manifestations are measured comparably across different ages. Violations of this assumption could bias longitudinal analyses and should therefore be empirically tested. This study tested longitudinal measurement invariance within a confirmatory factor analysis framework in the U.K.-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children ( N = 13,988). Results indicated that SDQ scores showed configural, metric, scalar, and residual invariance across ages 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, and 16, supporting its use for comparing variances, covariances, and means over time within a latent variable model as well as using observed scores. At age 4, configural invariance was not supported, indicating that mental health symptoms as measured by the SDQ manifest differently at this age, thus necessitating caution when comparing symptoms as measured by SDQ scores at this age to later ages.
Theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies on controlled synchronization strategy of four-axis variable trajectory equal-thickness screen
Authors: Li Sai , Liu Chusheng , Chen Gao , Wang Hao , Li Hongxi , He Deyi
Published: October 2022

The four-axis variable trajectory equal-thickness screen (FAVTETS) achieves equal-thickness screening by appropriate excitation force generated by four eccentric rotors in synchronized motion. The forced synchronization exciter is characterized by an unsatisfactory synchronization effect due to the wear of transmission parts. Hence, in this paper, the four-axis controlled synchronization of FAVTETS is investigated, and an intelligent control system is proposed. Firstly, research is conducted on the variable trajectory characteristics of FAVTETS. Next, the sliding mode, fuzzy, and PID controllers are designed and compared to obtain an ideal control effect. Moreover, the influence of torsional stiffness of flexible coupling on control accuracy is considered. The results show that the sliding mode controller has a good control effect. Based on the aforementioned, the simulation model of a four-axis controlled synchronization structure is established via MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, Labview is employed to design the four-axis controlled synchronization software system. Then, the physical experiment is carried out. The four-axis controlled synchronization and vibration trajectory measurement results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the intelligent control system.
Too Much Information? A Longitudinal Analysis of Information Overload and Avoidance of Referendum Information Prior to Voting Day
Authors: Metag Julia , Gurr Gwendolin
Published: October 2022

Previous research has mostly ignored that citizens could experience information overload from a single issue extensively covered in the news. Especially when it comes to issues upon which citizens decide directly in a referendum, overload and avoidance would be problematic from a democracy theory perspective. This study investigates overload and avoidance at the issue level based on a three-wave panel survey on a referendum in Switzerland and finds weak information overload at the aggregate level. However, citizens become increasingly overloaded during the period of extensive news coverage which leads to avoidance of news on the issue but not of interpersonal discussions.
The Effect of Peer Support on Treatment Engagement for Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Zuccarini Michelle M. , Stiller Cate
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Opioid misuse has been a growing problem in the United States that has escalated into a national public health emergency. Despite substance abuse programs that offer assistance in the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD), keeping clients engaged in recovery treatment can be very challenging. Relapse prevention is a priority concern due to the higher risk of overdose following a period of sobriety.

Aims:

This research compares two different approaches to treatment of OUD to assess relative treatment adherence. The purpose of this research is to establish whether a peer support-based treatment methodology, combined with increased medication-assisted treatment, provided by an outpatient facility is more effective than treatment-as-usual in improving client engagement in recovery treatment.

Methods:

The research analyzed data collected over a 6-month period by a facility. The retrospective review of data compared a total of 1,570 clients enrolled in a certified recovery services (CRSs) program versus individuals engaged in treatment-as-usual program. Inclusion criteria consisted of clients with at least one diagnoses of OUD who met level of care requirements.

Results:

Statistical t-test analysis revealed greater engagement in recovery services among those enrolled in the CRS program.

Conclusions:

The findings support the benefits of a peer support program as a treatment methodology for clients with OUD. This research will be of value in the design and development of future program policy and treatment guidelines.
A Pilot Study of Associations Between the Occurrence of Palpitations and Cytokine Gene Variations in Women Prior to Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: Sheng Ying , Carpenter Janet S. , Smith Brenda J. , Paul Steven M. , Melisko Michelle , Moslehi Javid , Levine Jon D. , Conley Yvette P. , Kober Kord M. , Miaskowski Christine
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Palpitations are common and have a negative impact on women’s quality of life. While evidence suggests that inflammatory mechanisms may play a role in the development of palpitations, no studies have evaluated for this association in patients with breast cancer who report palpitations prior to surgery. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate for associations between the occurrence of palpitations and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, their receptors, and transcriptional regulators.

Methods

Patients were recruited prior to surgery and completed a self-report questionnaire on the occurrence of palpitations. Genotyping of SNPs in cytokine genes was performed using a custom array. Multiple logistic regression analyses were done to identify associations between the occurrence of palpitations and SNPs in fifteen candidate genes.

Results

Of the 82 SNPs evaluated in the bivariate analyses, eleven SNPs in 6 genes were associated with the occurrence of palpitations. After controlling for functional status, the occurrence of back pain, and self-reported and genomic estimates of race/ethnicity, 3 SNPs in 3 different genes (i.e., interleukin (IL) 1-beta (IL1B) rs1143643, IL10 rs3024505, IL13 rs1295686) were associated with the occurrence of palpitations prior to surgery (all p ≤ .038).

Conclusions

While these preliminary findings warrant replication, they suggest that inflammatory mechanisms may contribute to the subjective sensation of palpitations in women prior to breast cancer surgery.
Proximal femur geometry: a major predictor of proximal femur fracture subtypes
Authors: Senra Ana Rita , Carvalho Diogo R , da Silva Miguel R , Sousa António N , Torres João
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Proximal femur geometry (PFG) represents an important risk factor for the occurrence of hip fractures. There are currently few studies regarding the correlation between PFG and the occurrence of a specific fracture subtype, and those that exist have small cohorts and present with different methodologies and contradictory results. Therefore, there is no consensus in the literature regarding this topic. The present study aimed to establish the contribution of the PFG in the occurrence of different subtypes of proximal femur fractures (PFF): intertrochanteric, neck and subtrochanteric.

Methods:

Analysis of 1022 plain anteroposterior pelvic radiographs of patients consecutively admitted to the emergency room of a Level 1 Trauma Centre between 2013 and 2019 after low energy trauma who presented with PFF and underwent surgical treatment. Patients were analysed considering age, gender and subtype of PFF (intertrochanteric, neck or subtrochanteric). Radiological parameters including cervicodiaphyseal angle (CDA), horizontal offset (HO), femoral neck width (FNW), femoral neck length (FNL), great trochanter-pubic symphysis distance (GTPSD), acetabular teardrop distance (ATD) and width of the intertrochanteric region (WIR) were measured and compared between the different subtypes of fractures (7154 measurements). Statistical analysis was conducted recurring to absolute measurements and measurements ratios. The correlation was assessed using t-test.

Results:

There were statistically significant differences in proximal femur geometry between the different subtypes of fractures. Patients presenting with femoral neck fractures had greater CDA (132.5 ± 6.9 vs. 130.0 ± 7.3; p  < 0.001) and lower HO (45.8 ± 7.4 vs. 49.0 ± 8.0; p  < 0.001), HO/ATD (0.34 ± 0.068 vs. 0.37 ± 0.072; p  < 0.001) and HO/GTPSD (0.26 ± 0.049 vs. 0.28 ± 0.039; p  < 0.001) than patients with intertrochanteric/subtrochanteric fractures.

Conclusions:

PFG represents an important contributor to the occurrence of different fracture subtypes. Femoral neck fractures are associated with greater CDA and lower HO, HO/ATD and HO/GTPSD when compared to intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric fractures.