bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GEOMETRIC, VOLUMETRIC, COLOUR AND FRICTIONAL PROPERTIES OF SELECTED SALVIA SPECIES OF TURKEY
Authors: Bayram Mustafa , Altuntas Ebubekir , Yilar Melih
Published: March 2017

Background: Salvia seeds are promite to dietary and healthy oils because they contain essential fatty acids. Salvia

seeds frequently produce mucilage on soaking, and this mucilage is used for the treatment of eye diseases in eastern

countries. Salvia species studied for medicine, food and cosmetics, have the potential to be used in the various fields.

In the present study, selected engineering (geometrical, volumetrical, colour and frictional) properties of 6 Salvia

species seeds were determined and compared.

Materials and Methods: This study was performed on selected engineering properties of seeds of 6 Salvia species

(Salvia viridis L., Salvia aethiopis L., Salvia cryptantha Montbert & Aucher ex Benthan., Salvia tomentosa Mill.,

Salvia sclarea L., Salvia virgata Jacq.,) cultivated in Turkey. Plants were collected during the vegetation in 2012-2013

(May-Agust). The seeds were cleaned from foreign matter, dirt and broken seeds manually.

Results: The average length, width and thickness were found in the range of 2.61 to 3.53 mm, 1.59 to 2.92 mm and

1.14 to 2.52 mm, respectively. Salvia viridis L. specie had the lowest geometric mean diameter and surface area,

whereas Salvia cryptantha L. had the least values among these 6 Salvia species for these properties. The bulk density,

true density and the porosity were between 296.83 and 702.80 kg m-3, 285.69 and 718.08 kg m-3, 10.27 and 44.05%,

respectively. The volume of unit seed and sphericity ranged between 2.56 and 13.64 mm3, 62.90 and 90.40%,

respectively. The coefficient of friction of salvia species were largely influenced by the friction surfaces studied, and

highest values were found for polywood in the Salvia crytantha L.. In the study, the static friction coefficient and the

angle of repose of salvia species changed from 0.477 to 0.955, and from 14.09 to 23.57°, respectively.

Conclusion: Determination of geometric, volumetric, colour and frictional properties of Salvia spp. seeds may increase

their economic value.
WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION EXERCISE IMPROVES FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH A SUITABLE APPROACH
Authors: Sá-Caputo Danubia C. , Dionello Carla da F. , Frederico Éric Heleno F. F. , Paineiras- Domingos Laisa L. , Sousa-Gonçalves Cintia Renata , Morel Danielle S. , Moreira-Marconi Eloá , Unger Marianne , Bernardo-Filho Mario
Published: March 2017

Background: Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) have abnormal bone modelling and resorption. The bone

tissue adaptation and responsivity to dynamic and mechanical loading may be of therapeutic use under controlled

circumstances. Improvements due to the wholebody vibration (WBV) exercises have been reported in strength, motion,

gait, balance, posture and bone density in several osteopenic individuals, as in post-menopausal women or children

with disabling conditions, as patients with OI. The aim of this investigation was to systematically analyse the current

available literature to determine the effect of WBV exercises on functional parameters of OI patients.

Materials and methods: Three reviewers independently accessed bibliographical databases. Searches were performed

in the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and PEDro databases using keywords related to possible interventions

(including WBV) used in the management of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.

Results: Three eligible studies were identified by searches in the analysed databases.

Conclusion: It was concluded that WBV exercises could be an important option in the management of OI patients

improving the mobility and functional parameters. However, further studies are necessary for establishing suitable

protocols for these patients.
THE HERBAL MIXTURE XIAO-CHAI-HU TANG (XCHT) INDUCES APOPTOSIS OF HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA HUH7 CELLS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
Authors: Zhao Jinyan , Liu Liya , Zhang Yuchen , Wan Yun , Hong Zhenfeng
Published: March 2017

Background: Xiao-Chai-Hu Tang (XCHT) is an extract of seven herbs with anticancer properties, but its mechanism

of action is unknown. In this study, we evaluated XCHT-treated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for anti-proliferative

and pro-apoptotic effects.

Materials and Methods: Using a hepatic cancer xenograft model, we investigated the in vivo efficacy of XCHT

against tumor growth by evaluating tumor volume and weight, as well as measuring apoptosis and cellular proliferation

within the tumor. To study the effects of XCHT in vitro, we measured the cell viability of XCHT-treated Huh7 cells, as

well as colony formation and apoptosis. To identify a potential mechanism of action, the gene and protein expression

levels of Bax, Bcl-2, CDK4 and cyclin-D1 were measured in XCHT-treated Huh7 cells.

Results: We found that XCHT reduced tumor size and weight, as well as significantly decreased cell viability both in

vivo and in vitro. XCHT suppressed the expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 in HCC tissues and inhibited

Huh7 colony formation. XCHT induced apoptosis in HCC tumor tissues and in Huh7 cells. Finally, XCHT altered the

expression of Bax, Bcl-2, CDK4 and cyclin-D1, which halted cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that XCHT enhances expression of pro-apoptotic pathways, resulting in potent

anticancer activity.
BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ACUPUNCTURE RESEARCH FRONTS AND THEIR WORLDWIDE DISTRIBUTION OVER THREE DECADES
Authors: Fu Jun-Ying , Zhang Xu , Zhao Yun-Hua , Tong He-Feng , Chen Dar-Zen , Huang Mu-Hsuan
Published: March 2017

Background: Considerable research has been conducted on acupuncture worldwide. This study chronologically

examined the changing features and research fronts of acupuncture and elucidated the differences among the six most

productive countries.

Methods: Bibliographic coupling is a powerful tool for identifying the research fronts of a field. Acupuncture-related

publications worldwide and from the six most productive countries during 1983–2012 were retrieved from the Science

Citation Index Expanded and Social Science Citation Index. To form the research fronts, the 100 most highly cited

papers (HCPs) were clustered in terms of references shared.

Results: The United States had the highest proportion of HCPs. The effectiveness of acupuncture in areas such as

relieving neck and back pain, migraines and headaches, and knee osteoarthritis symptoms was a predominant topic.

Initially, the endogenous opioid peptide system was the primary research focus in the acupuncture mechanism research;

however, during 1993–2012, researchers focused more on the functional magnetic resonance imaging of brain activity.

In addition, acupuncture use and prevalence, the attitudes of health practitioners, and the effects of expectancy and

belief were also major topics. Researches from Western countries, including the United States, England, and Germany,

showed more interest in clinical trials and economic- and ethics-related studies, whereas those from East Asian

countries including China, Japan, and South Korea focused more on mechanism research.

Conclusion: Western countries dominated the research fronts of acupuncture. The patterns of the research fronts varied

worldwide, indicating continuity and innovation in research in each country.
PRESENCE OF CITRININ IN GRAINS AND ITS POSSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS
Authors: Čulig CleBorna , Bevardi Martina , Bošnir Jasna , Serdar Sonja , Lasić Dario , Lasić Dario , Racz Aleksandar , Galić Antonija , Kuharić Željka
Published: March 2017

Background: Citrinin is a mycotoxin produced by several species of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Monascus

and it occurs mainly in stored grain. Citrinin is generally formed after harvest and occurs mainly in stored grains, it also

occurs in other plant products. Often, the co-occurrence with other mycotoxins is observed, especially ochratoxin A,

which is usually associated with endemic nephropathy. At the European Union level, systematic monitoring of Citrinin

in grains began with the aim of determining its highest permissible amount in food. Thus, far the systematic monitoring

of the above mentioned mycotoxin in Croatia is yet to begin.

Materials and Methods: The main goal of this study was to determine the presence of Citrinin in grains sampled in the

area of Međimurje, Osijek-Baranja, Vukovar-Srijem and Brod-Posavina County. For the purpose of identification and

quantification of citrinin, high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) with fluorescence was used (Calibration

curve k ≥ 0.999; Intra assay CV = 2.1%; Inter assay CV = 4.3%; LOQ < 1 μg/kg).

Results: From the area of Međimurje County, 10 samples of corn and 10 samples of wheat were analyzed. None of the

samples contained Citrinin (
EVALUATION OF ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF EIGHT VEGETAL SPECIES FROM THE STATE OF OAXACA
Authors: Lira-De León Karla Isabel , Herrera-Martínez Mayra , Ramirez-Mares Marco Vinicio , Hernández-Carlo Beatriz
Published: March 2017

Background: Eight plant species from Oaxaca, some of them used in traditional medicine, were subjected to screening

of several biological activities to provide data regarding their anticancer potential, although no scientific information is

available about their pharmacological effects.

Materials and methods: Methanol extracts from stems or roots of the eight plants were tested for antioxidant activity

by the DPPH· method. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar diffusion method and the minimal

inhibitory concentration (MIC) was obtained by broth dilution method. Antitopoisomerase activity was assessed using

mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae JN362a, JN394, JN394t-1, JN394t2-4 and JN394t2-5. The mutagenic activity

was evaluated using the Ames test (Salmonella typhimurium TA1535).

Results: No extract showed significant antioxidant activity. The best antimicrobial activity was observed for

Salpianthus arenarius (MIC 56.25 μg/mL) and Lantana achyranthifolia (MIC 78.12 μg/mL) against Staphylococcus

aureus. Extracts of Acalypha cuspidata, Alloispermum integrifolium and L. achyranthifolia stems showed

antitopoisomerase II activity with JN394t-1 growth of -30.88±0.0%, -38.11±4.95%, and -70.97±12.02% respectively.

Galium mexicanum stem extract showed antitopoisomerase I activity with growth of 35.31±6.36% on the same mutant

strain. All plant extracts were non-mutagenic. Fractionation of A. cuspidata extract led to identification of two

subfractions with antitopoisomerase I and II activity at 154μg/mL (Positive controls 50 and 100μg/mL).

Conclusion: Methanol extracts of A. cuspidata, A. integrifolium, G. mexicanum, and L. achyranthifolia stems showed

antitopoisomerase and non-mutagenic activities, and consequently could be promising as a source of anticancer drugs.
Mediciones alternativas de la cooperación internacional para el desarrollo en el contexto de la agenda 2030
Authors: Pérez Pineda Jorge Antonio , Alañón Pardo Ángel
Published: March 2017

El fin de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y su sustitución por los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sustentable (ODS) abren la puerta a debates en torno al desarrollo y a la eficacia de la cooperación internacional. Uno de ellos gira en torno a garantizar ayuda eficaz, mayor transparencia y gestión orientada a resultados. En el presente estudio se abordan algunas de las iniciativas más significativas para la generación de indicadores útiles para medir la eficiencia y transparencia de la cooperación internacional para el desarrollo.Para ello se contextualizan las alternativas de medición de la Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (CID). Seguidamente, se intenta responder a preguntas como ¿con qué contamos?, ¿miden lo mismo?, ¿cuál es el mejor método?, y en tal sentido aclarar el panorama existente en torno a la medición de la CID en el contexto de la Agenda 2015-2030. Como resultado, se pone énfasis en una vertiente novedosa en torno al enfoque espacial como una medición alternativa poco considerada en los debates de la CID, que a pesar de ello es impulsada por organismos como el Banco Mundial, pero de la que se sabe poco sobre su potencial y utilidad. Por último, realizamos una serie de reflexiones en torno a lo expuesto.
Perspectiva do Turismo Rural como Alternativa de Renda para Agricultura Familiar: Análise de Trabalhos Científicos
Authors: Riva Giovana , Bertolini Geysler Rogis Flor
Published: March 2017

O objetivo do artigo é levantar e analisar estudos relacionados ao Turismo Rural como alternativa de renda para agricultura familiar. Nas últimas décadas diversos proprietários rurais vêm diversificando suas atividades, com o turismo rural conciliando estas atividades econômicas com as demais de suas propriedades. É relevante o número de propriedades rurais que estão incorporando atividades turísticas em suas rotinas. Foram analisados vinte artigos científicos e seis teses e dissertações publicados entre 2007 e 2015. A metodologia adotada foi concebida como uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Para atingir o objetivo, os dados foram coletados e analisados a partir dos seguintes procedimentos: pesquisa nos sites dos periódicos; classificação dos temas abordados e a análise dos dados. Os estudos concluem que o turismo no espaço rural não pode ser encarado como uma atividade não-agrícola milagrosa, mas sim, como uma alternativa ou um complemento de renda, além de proporcionar qualidade de vida para essas famílias.
Atividade florestal e o desenvolvimento socioeconômico em Três Lagoas e região: uma análise baseada na abordagem de cluster
Authors: Tisott Sirlei Tonello , Schmidt Verônica , Waquil Paulo Dabdab
Published: March 2017

O cluster de celulose e papel em Três Lagoas-MS, ainda que em estágio embrionário, é importante para o desenvolvimento, provocando mudanças quantitativas e condições que potencializam a prosperidade e o desenvolvimento da região, visto que a atividade florestal tornou-se uma das melhores alternativas para o crescimento econômico da região. O artigo tem por objetivo analisar a importância e os efeitos da atividade florestal para o mercado de trabalho e para a economia local e regional de Três Lagoas-MS. Este contexto foi explorado a partir de dados secundários e primários, assumindo o método misto de investigação, com dados qualitativos e quantitativos. Os resultados demonstram que a atividade florestal foi importante para o mercado de trabalho e para a economia de Três Lagoas e região, contribuindo para a abertura de novos empreendimentos e aprimoramento das empresas existentes. Também houve uma mudança quantitativa e qualitativa no mercado de trabalho local, com o aumento de empregos, da renda, da média salarial e intensificação dos programas de capacitação e qualificação de pessoas para o mercado de trabalho, demonstrando crescimento e desenvolvimento nesse quesito. Constata-se que a atividade florestal é importante para a economia local, regional e estadual, fomentou o empreendedorismo e gerou efeitos positivos sobre o mercado de trabalho, no entanto alerta-se para a vulnerabilidade da região quanto à dependência de uma atividade predominante, que mantém muitos postos de trabalhos e negócios que ali se instalaram para atender, direta ou indiretamente, a atividade florestal.
As Fraudes na Cadeia Produtiva do Leite: Um Estudo de Caso na Região Fronteira Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul sob a Luz da Nova Economia Institucional
Authors: Roncato Patricia Eveline dos Santos , Roncato Marco Antonio , Villwock Ana Paula Schervinski
Published: March 2017

Nos últimos anos a cadeia produtiva do leite vem apresentando aumento da carga tributária no setor, aumento dos custos de produção, fraudes e adulterações no produto. Nos anos de 2013 e 2014 foram identificados adulteração na composição do leite, sendo registrados pelo Ministério Público casos de agentes que tiveram prisão preventiva, acusados de crime de adulteração de alimentos utilizando-se de uma situação oportunista. Assim, esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar as consequências da adulteração do produto identificado na operação “Leite Compensado” para os produtores e indústria de leite na região fronteira noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul sob a luz da nova economia institucional. O estudo de caso foi realizado em três municípios, Boa Vista do Buricá, Horizontina e Três de Maio, por meio de entrevistas com representantes de instituições, Emater/RS e gerentes de empresas de resfriamento e indústria de processamento de leite da região. Os resultados encontrados demonstram um aumento dos custos de transação devido ao comportamento oportunista num dos elos da cadeia do leite, diminuindo a frequência e aumentando as incertezas dos produtores de leite e gerando prejuízos tanto para o produtor, quanto para a indústria e os consumidores. Com isso, é possível evidenciar sobre a necessidade dos agentes institucionais analisarem a cadeia e promover ações para reorganizar o setor e retomar a credibilidade no mercado.
Impactos Socioeconômicos Ocasionados pelo PRONAF para o Desenvolvimento da Agricultura Familiar
Authors: Beltrame Gabriela , Pereira Breno Augusto Diniz
Published: March 2017

A pesquisa tem como objetivo principal analisar os impactos causados pelo Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (Pronaf) a vida econômica e social dos agricultores familiares do município de Ijuí/RS, além do desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento das atividades nas propriedades rurais, ocasionadas pelo programa. A metodologia utilizada caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa exploratória de natureza qualitativa, com utilização de método de multicasos. Esta pesquisa avalia os benefícios, as dificuldades e as melhorias geradas ao longo do tempo para uma maior geração de renda. Constatou-se que o Pronaf gera ótimos benefícios ao pequeno produtor rural, proporcionando facilidades na sua aquisição e permitindo maiores investimentos e melhorias na propriedade e na terra. No entanto, ele sozinho não gera maiores impactos na vida socioeconômica dos agricultores familiares, visto que a agricultura familiar ainda está a margem do mercado e precisa constantemente buscar alternativas para garantir a sua sustentabilidade.
PEMAHAMAN KOMPETENSI PARENTING TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL ANAK (STUDI KASUS PADA KELOMPOK BERMAIN DI PAKEM, SLEMAN)
Authors: Haryanti Haryanti , Sumarno Sumarno
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami kompetensi parenting orangtua, kendala dalam pengasuhan, dan strategi yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian orangtua peserta didik pada lembaga kelompok bermain di Kecamatan Pakem. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Kompetensi parenting orangtua pada bentuk keluarga: (a) Nuclear family: orangtua cenderung mengikuti kemauan anak dan melarang anak bermain di luar rumah, karena orangtua berada di rumah. (b) Extended family: kecenderungan adanya perbedaan pola asuh orangtua dengan anggota keluarga lain. (c) Diverse family: kecenderungan orangtua memenuhi kebutuhan anak dengan bekerja sehari penuh, sehingga kurang waktu bersama anak. Kendala yang dihadapi orangtua di antaranya, orangtua yang bekerja dan mendelegasikan pengasuhan kepada kakek atau nenek, saudara yang lain, maupun kepada pengasuh. Strategi yang dilakukan orangtua adalah dengan melakukan pengaturan waktu dan melakukan pembatasan pergaulan anak dengan lingkungan, apabila dirasakan lingkungan tidak memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap perkembangan sosial anak.Kata kunci: kompetensi parenting, perkembangan sosial anak THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE PARENTING COMPETENCY ON THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN (CASE STUDY ON PLAYGROUPS IN PAKEM, SLEMAN)AbstractThis study aims to investigate parenting competency of parents, parents’ constraints in parenting, and strategies undertaken. This was a qualitative study with subjects were parents of students. The data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation. Parents’ parenting competency, among others, the following: (a) Nuclear families: parents tend to follow the will of the child and tendency parents forbid children to play outside the house, because the parent is at home. (b) Extended familes: the difference in parenting from parents and other family members. (c) Diverse families: parents’ tendency to meet the needs of children with working of full day, so less time with children. Constraints faced by parent’s include the fact that they work so that they delegate it to grandfather or grandmother, other relatives, or babysitters. Parent’s strategies are that they manage time as effectively as possible and manage restriction of children’s socialization with the environment are made when parents think that the environment cannot give positive contributions to children’s social development.Keywords: parenting competency, children’s social development
PENDIDIKAN BERPERSPEKTIF GENDER PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Roziqoh Roziqoh , Suparno Suparno
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pendidikan berperspektif gender, faktor pendukung dan penghambat, dan hasil dari pelaksanaan pendidikan berperspektif gender pada anak usia dini di ECCD-RC Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah direktur yayasan, kepala sekolah, pendidik, dan peserta didik ECCD-RC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pendidikan berperspektif gender di ECCD-RC dilaksanakan melalui pembiasaan, keteladanan, dan bermain yang tidak diskriminatif. Hasil dari pelaksanaan pendidikan berperspektif gender pada anak terlihat dalam interaksi peserta dengan pendidik, dan interaksi antarpeserta didik di kelas, melalui empat aspek analisis gender, yaitu akses, partisipasi, kontrol, dan manfaat. Beberapa faktor yang mendukung terlaksananya pendidikan berperspektif gender pada anak usia dini diantaranya adalah peserta didik masih bebas stereotype, pendidik yang pro keragaman, proses pembelajaran yang tidak diskriminatif, dan kerja sama yang baik antara pendidik dan orang tua. Selain faktor pendukung, ada beberapa faktor yang menghambat diantaranya: penghambatnya adalah: keterbatasan SDM, sarana prasarana yang belum 100% ramah dan aman, orang tua pendidik memiliki pandangan yang berbeda dengan ECCD-RC, dan minimnya waktu interaksi anak di ECCD-RC Yogyakarta.Kata kunci: pendidikan, gender, anak usia dini GENDER PERSCPECTIVE EDUCATION TO EARLY CHILHOODAbstractThis study aims to determine: the implementation of gender perspective education to early childhood, the supporting factors and inhibiting factors, and the result of gender perspective education to early childhood at ECCD-RC, Yogyakarta. This study used descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects were director of the foundation, principal, educator, and school students at ECCD-RC, Yogyakarta. The findings of the study are as follows: The implementation of gender perspective education to early childhood conducted through repeated action, role modelling, and indiscriminating play. The result of gender perspective education can be seen through interaction between students and teachers and interaction among students viewed from four gender analysis aspects, i. e. access, participation, control, and advantage. The supporting factors are: students are free from stereotyping, teachers appreciate diversity, learning process is indiscriminating, evaluation instrument is complete, and teachers and parents are being cooperative. Whereas, the inhibiting factors are the limitation of human resources, medium and infrastructure which are not 100 % children-friendly, different point of view between parents and staffs, and the minimum time for children to interact with their teachers.Keywords: education, gender, early childhood
FRONT MATTER (Cover, Editorial Board, Table of Contents)
Authors: - -
Published: March 2017

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IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI DI KB-TK ISLAM AL AZHAR 31 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Pramudyani Avanti Vera Risti , Sugito Sugito
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi pembelajaran terpadu pada pendidikan anak usia dini dan pengaruh pembelajaran terpadu terhadap aspek perkembangan anak. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian metode kualitatif dengan dengan pendekatan fenomenologis yang mendeskripsikan tentang pemahaman terhadap seseorang di berbagai situasi dimana akan menjadi bagian utama dalam penggambarannya. Teknik pengumpulan data pengamatan peran serta, di mana peneliti berfungsi sebagai instrumen yang tak terpisahkan dengan subjek penelitian untuk melakukan wawancara mendalam, pengamatan terus-menerus dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan model analisis interaktif yang dilakukan melalui empat kegiatan utama yakni: pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Proses pembelajaran terpadu yang dilakukan belum memperlihatkan keterkaitan antara tema dan dilakukan melalui tahapan: kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Pengaruh pembelajaran terhadap perkembangan anak, bidang yang paling menonjol adalah bidang sosial emosional dengan pengenalan “rewards and punishment”.Kata kunci: pembelajaran terpadu, pendidikan anak usia dini, aspek perkembangan anak THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED LEARNING IN EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT IN KB-TK ISLAM AL AZHAR 31 YOGYAKARTAAbstractThis study aims to investigate: (1) the implementation of integrated learning in early childhood education, and (2) the impact of integrated learning on the aspects of children’s development. The study employed the qualitative method with the phenomenological approach in which the illustration of understanding people in different situation becomes the essential point of the data. The data were collected through participant observations, in which the researcher functioned as the instrument inseparable from the research subjects to carry out in-depth interviews, continuous observations, and documentation study. The data analysis technique was the interactive analysis model conducted in four main activities, namely data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing or verification. The research findings are as follows. (1) The implemented integrated learning process has not shown the relation among themes and was conducted through the stages of activity planning, implementation, and evaluation. In terms of the impact of learning on children’s development, the most outstanding areas are the emotional and social areas using the introduction to rewards and punishments.Keywords: integrated learning, early childhood education, aspects of children’s development
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ALAM UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN
Authors: Jiwaningrum Susmiyati , Suryono Yoyon
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap: (1) kemampuan kognitif anak, (2) penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis alam dan, (3) dampak penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis alam terhadap pengembangan kemampuan kognitif anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus terdiri atas perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak, pendidik dan pengelola. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan, wawancara, catatan lapangan, dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, mendeskripsikan data, dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan kognitif anak sebelum tindakan masih dalam kategori mulai berkembang; hasil penelitian siklus II menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dari siklus I; penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis alam mempunyai dampak sangat baik ditunjukkan dengan kemampuan kognitif anak yang mengalami perkembangan yang sangat baik dibandingkan sebelum tindakan.Kata Kunci: media alam, kemampuan kognitif, pendidikan anak usia dini. THE USE OF NATURE-BASED LEARNING MEDIA TO DEVELOP THE COGNITIVE ABILITY OF CHILDREN AGED 5-6 YEARSAbstractThis study aims to reveal: (1) the cognitive ability of children, (2) the use of nature-based learning media, and (3) the impact of the use of nature-based learning media on the development of the cognitive ability of the children. This was a classroom action research study with two cycles consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects are children, teachers, and managerial personnel. The data were collected through observations, interviews, field notes, and documentation study. The data analysis technique consisted of data reduction, data description, and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn the cognitive ability of the children in the group of before the actions was growth; the results in Cycle II were better than those in Cycle I; the use of the nature-based learning media has very good impacts; this was indicated by the cognitive ability of the children which developed better than that before the actions.Keywords: nature media, cognitive ability, early childhood education.
Penguasaan keterampilan dan motivasi kerja terhadap tingkat pendapatan ibu rumah tangga di Desa Murtigading Bantul
Authors: Sudaresti Sudaresti , Suryono Yoyon
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) kontribusi penguasaan keterampilan, (2) kontribusi motivasi, dan (3) kontribusi penguasaan keterampilan dan motivasi kerja terhadap tingkat pendapatan ibu rumah tangga peserta pelatihan eceng gondok usaha kecil dan menengah Luthfi Craft di Desa Murtigading Piring II, Sanden, Bantul. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif bersifat korelasional. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu rumah tangga peserta pelatihan eceng gondok UKM Luthfi Craft di Desa Murtigading Piring II, Sanden Bantul. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket tertutup berbentuk skala. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linier sederhana dan regresi linier ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kontribusi positif dan signifikan penguasaan keterampilan dan motivasi kerja terhadap tingkat pendapatan ibu rumah tangga peserta pelatihan eceng gondok usaha kecil dan menengah Luthfi Craft di Desa Murtigading Piring II, Sanden, Bantul. Besarnya kontribusi penguasaan keterampilan dan motivasi kerja sebesar 30,4% dan 22,6% dan kedua variabel tersebut secara bersama-sama memberikan kontribusi terhadap tingkat pendapatan ibu rumah tangga peserta pelatihan eceng gondok UKM Luthfi Craft di Desa Murtigading Piring II Sanden, Bantul sebesar 48,3%.Kata Kunci: Penguasaan keterampilan, motivasi kerja, tingkat pendapatan Mastery Skills and Motivation to Work on the Level of Income Housewife in the Village Murtigading Bantul AbstractThis study aims to determine: (1) contribution mastery of skills, (2) the contribution of motivation, and (3) the contribution of the mastery of the skills and motivation to work on the level of income trainee housewife hyacinth small and medium enterprises in the village Lutfi Craft Murtigading Plate II , Sanden, Bantul. This study uses a quantitative approach is correlational. The study population was a housewife trainee hyacinth UKM Lutfi Craft Village Murtigading Plate II, Sanden, Bantul. Collecting data using closed-form questionnaire scale. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression and multiple linear regression. The results showed that there is a positive and significant contribution to the mastery of the skills and motivation to work on the level of income trainee housewife hyacinth small and medium enterprises in the village Lutfi Craft Murtigading Plate II, Sanden, Bantul. The amount of the contribution of the mastery of skills and motivation of 30,4% and 22,6%, and both variables together to contribute to the household income levels mother trainee hyacinth UKM Lutfi Craft Village Murtigading Plate II Sanden, Bantul by 48,3%.Keywords: mastery skills, work motivation, income level
Upaya meningkatkan kreativitas anak dengan memanfaatkan media barang bekas di TK Kota Bima
Authors: Hanafi Sri Hardiningsih , Sujarwo Sujarwo
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran anak TK serta untuk meningkatkan kreativitas anak melalui pemanfaatan media barang bekas di TK N Pembina Kota Bima. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas, yang terdiri atas dua siklus. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah 21 anak. Sedangkan objeknya adalah media daur ulang. Teknik pengambilan data diambil dengan lembar observasi dan catatan lapangan. Sedangkan instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembaran observasi kreativitas anak dan aktivitas guru selama proses pembelajaran. Terjadi peningkatan kreativitas anak secara keseluruhan pada pratindakan dengan rerata 28,81 dengan presentase 19,05%. Rerata pada siklus I adalah 83,85 dengan persentase sebesar 73,73%, sedangkan rerata pada siklus II adalah 135,17 dengan persentase sebesar 87,97%. Sementara itu, aktivitas kegiatan guru mengalami peningkatan dengan rerata sebesar 72,22 pada siklus I dan 94,44 pada siklus II. Dengan demikian media barang bekas dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kreativitas anak dalam proses pembelajaran.Kata Kunci: aspek kreativitas, barang bekas, anak TK kelompok B Improving Children’s Creativity Through Recycling Media in TK Bima CityAbstractThis study aims to improve the learning process of children in kindergartens as well as to enhance the creativity of children through the use of recycling media in TK N Pembina Bima City. This study is a classroom action-research which consisted of two cycles. The subjects of this study were 21 children. While the objects were recycling media. The data collection techniques were observation and field notes while the instruments used were observation sheets of children’s creativity and teacher’s activities during the learning process. There is an overal improvement in children’s creativity after the treatment with a mean of 28.81 and a precentage of 19.05%. The mean of cycle I is 83.85 with a precentage of 73.73% while the mean of cycle II is 135.17 with a percentage of 87.97%. Meanwhile, teacher’s activities increase with a mean of 72.22 in cycle I and 94.44 in cycle II. Thus, recycling media improve children’s activity in the learning process.Keywords: creativity aspects, recycling media, children’s kindergarten
Pengembangan model pembelajaran berbasis alam untuk meningkatkan kualitas proses belajar anak usia dini
Authors: Wulansari Betty Yulia , Sugito Sugito
Published: March 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran berbasis alam untuk anak usia dini, dan (2) untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas proses belajar antara Model PBA dan model pembelajaran konvensional. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi dan lembar catatan lapangan. Data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriftif dan data kuantatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) produk penelitian ini adalah Model PBA untuk anak usia dini. Prinsip pembelajarannya yaitu belajar tentang alam, belajar dengan menggunakan alam, dan belajar bersama alam, dan (2) ada perbedaan kualitas proses belajar yang signifikan antara model Model PBA dan pembelajaran konvensional dan. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil SPSS 16 uji terbatas yaitu thit= -3,008< ttabel= -1,717  dan hasil uji diperluas yaitu nilai thit= -2,159< ttabel= -2,024. Model PBA dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses belajar anak karena model ini mengakomodasi karakteristik belajar anak.Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran berbasis alam, anak usia dini, proses belajar Developing Nature-Based Learning Model for Improving Learning Process Quality of Early Age ChildrenAbstractThis research aims to: (1) develop nature-based learning model for early age children, and (2) know the difference of nature-based learning model and conventional learning model on early age children learning process. The research method was developmental research.The data were collected through observation guide and fieldnotes. The qualitative data were analyzed through descriptive analysis and the quantitative data were analyzed through independent sample t-test. The result of the research are (1) the research product is a nature-based learning model for early age children. The learning principles are learning about nature, learning through nature, and learning with nature, and(2) there are different significant result quality on learning process between the nature-based learning model and conventional learning model. It has been proven on the result of SPSS 16 program which is shown value of tcount= -3,008 < ttable= -1,717 and enlarged testing that value of tcount= -2,159< ttable= -2,024. The nature-based learning model increased learning process quality because it was accommodate learning characteristic of children.Keywords: nature-based learning process, early age children, learning process
Reading DeBoer and Obergefell through the “Moral Readings Versus Originalisms”. Debate: from Constitutional “Empty Cupboards” to Evolving Understandings
Authors: McClain Linda C.
Published: March 2017

This essay assesses the debate over “moral reading” and “originalist” approaches to constitutional interpretation, as elaborated in James E. Fleming, Fidelity to Our Imperfect Constitution: For Moral Readings and Against Originalism (2015), by evaluating the recent, momentous constitutional controversy in the United Sates of America over access by same-sex couples to civil marriage. Justice Kennedy’s landmark majority opinion in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), which held that such couples have a fundamental right to marry, employed a “moral reading” in emphasizing evolving understandings of constitutional guarantees of equality, the “promise of liberty” and the institution of marriage. By contrast to the dissenters, the majority rejected a static, narrow reading of the fundamental right to marry —and marriage— and stressed the role “insight” and generational progress. Evolving understanding played a similar role in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health (2013), which provided a template for Kennedy’s rejection of a narrow originalism focused only on historical practices or original intent. Such moral readings of the Constitution have played a significant role in making the Fourteenth Amendment less of (in Justice Ginsburg’s words) an “empty cupboard” for gay men and lesbians, just as they have played a role in making it less empty in the context of sex equality. This essay demonstrates how the contrasting approaches to interpretation in the majority and dissenting opinions in DeBoer v. Snyder (reversed by Obergefell) previewed the interpretive battle between the Obergefell majority and dissents, but with the sides reversed. It then observes that, while some legal scholars offered, in amicus briefs filed in Obergefell, originalist arguments for same-sex marriage, such arguments persuaded neither other originalist scholars nor the Obergefell dissenters.
Development of tobacco plant cells in the presence of kanamycin at various levels for transgenesis Perkembangan sel tanaman tembakau pada kanamisin berbagai konsentrasi untuk transgenesis
Authors: SANTOSO D , CUGITO Ferry I , MINARSIH H
Published: March 2017

Ringkasan Diferensiasi sel tanaman dalam proses regenerasi tanaman transgenik umumnya dilakukan bersamaan dengan proses seleksi menggunakan bahan penyeleksi. Kanamisin merupakan salah satu antibiotika yang biasa digunakan dalam proses seleksi. Dengan spektrum yang luas, kanamisin menghambat pertumbuhan sel dan mengganggu proses translasi pada saat ekspresi gen. Untuk tujuan regenerasi tanaman transgenik yang mengeks-presikan gen NPTII, konsentrasi kanamisin perlu dioptimasi sehingga cukup untuk membedakan sel yang tertransform dengan yang tidak tertransform. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mempelajari perkembangan eksplan tembakau pada media regenerasi yang mengandung kanamisin. Kecepatan inisiasi tunas dan jumlah tunas terbentuk merupakan kriteria utama untuk evaluasi. Ekstrak protein dari eksplan yang berregenerasi dianalisa dengan SDS-PAGE untuk melihat kemungkinan keterlibatan protein tertentu dalam proses regenerasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi optimum kanamisin untuk tujuan tersebut adalah 50 mg/L, dimana tunas tembakau transgenik terinisiasi pada hari ke 25 kultur sedangkan eksplan non-transgenik hingga hari ke 56 kultur tidak mampu menginisiasi tunas. Data analisis protein menunjukkan adanya 3 protein dengan ukuran terdenaturasi relatif kecil, antara 14,5 hingga 21,5 kDa pada eksplan yang berregenerasi, namun tidak dijumpai pada ekstrak eksplan yang tidak berregenerasi. Ketiga protein ini kemungkinan terlibat dalam proses regenerasi.  Summary Plant cell differentiation toward regeneration of transgenic plants is usually conducted simultaneously with selection process in the presence of selecting agent. Kanamycin is one of antibiotics widely used as selection agent. Having a wide spectrum activity, kanamycin hinders cell growth through inhibition of translation process during gene expression. To regenerate transgenic plant expressing NPTII gene, the level of kanamycin has to be optimized so that high enough to differentiate genetically transformed cells from those untransformed. This research is aimed to investigate in vitro development of tobacco cells toward plantlet regeneration on the media supplemented with kanamycin. The rate of shoot initiation and number of shoots formed are the major criteria evaluated. Protein extracts of the regenerated explants were analyzed with SDS-PAGE to examine possible involvement of specific proteins in the regeneration process. The experimental result suggested that optimum level of kanamycin for the purpose is 50 mg/L, by which transgenic tobacco shoots were initiated at 25-day culture whereas the untransformed explants did not initiated any shoots even though after 56-day culture. Preliminary data from the protein analysis indicated the presence of relatively small size denatured proteins, between 14.5 and 21.5 kDa, likely to involved in the regeneration process.
Optimasi simbiosis cendawan mikoriza arbuskula Acaulospora tuberculata dan Gigaspora margarita pada bibit kelapa sawit di tanah masam Optimizing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis Acaulospora tuberculata and Gigaspora margarita with oil palm seedling in acid soil)
Authors: WIDIASTUTI Happy , GUHARDJA Edi , SOEKARNO Nampiah , DARUSMAN L K , GOENADI Didiek Hadjar , SMITH Sally
Published: March 2017

SummaryAM fungal symbiosis increase the uptake of P in oil palm seedlings. However the optimum condition of symbiosis has to be determined to get higher benefit of AM fungal symbiosis. Optimization of the symbiosis Acaulospora tuberculata and Gigaspora margarita with oil palm seedling in acid soil was determined. An experiment was conducted in polybag sized 40 x 60 cm contained sterilized Cikopomayak soil. Three factors studied were AM fungal species (A. tuberculata, G. margarita), inoculant dose (0.0; 12.5; 25.0; and 37.5% w/w), and fertilizer rate (0; 25; 50; and 100% recommended dose) and each treatment replicated three times. The result showed that optimum growth reached on the inoculant addition of 36% (w/w) in the form of infected roots, hypha, and spores and fertilizer dose of 25% for A. tuberculata, while for G. margarita was 40% (w/w) inoculant and 26% fertilizer. Efectivity of fertilizer and P uptake of oil palm seedling were significantly increased with AM fungi inoculation. P uptake of oil palm seedling inoculated with A. tuberculata increase. RingkasanSimbiosis cendawan mikoriza arbuskula (CMA) dapat meningkatkan serapan P pada pembibitan kelapa sawit. Namun, untuk mendapatkan keuntungan simbiosis yang tinggi perlu diketahui kondisi optimum simbiosis. Simbiosis CMA dengan tanaman sangat dipengaruhi tingkat hara dan dosis inokulum. Percobaan dilakukan dalam polibag berukuran 40 x 60 cm berisi tanah Cikopomayak steril. Tiga faktor yang diuji ialah spesies CMA (A. tuberculata, G. margarita), dosis inokulum campuran (0,0; 12,5; 25,0; dan 37,5% b/b), dosis pupuk (0; 25; 50; dan 100% dosis rekomendasi) dan masing masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan optimum dicapai pada pemberian inokulum berupa akar terinfeksi, hifa, dan spora 36% (b/b) dan pupuk 25% untuk A. tuberculata, sedangkan untuk G. margarita ialah 40% (b/b) inokulum dan pupuk 26%. Keefektifan pupuk dan serapan P meningkat secara nyata dengan inokulasi CMA
Biokonversi minyak sawit kasar menggunakan desaturase amobil sistem curah pada skala semipilot Bioconversion of crude palm oil using immobilized desaturase in batch system at semi pilot scale
Authors: TRI-PANJI . , SUHARYANTO . , GUNAWAN . , SYAMSU Khaswar
Published: March 2017

SummaryIncreasing unsaturation level of crude oilpalm (CPO) could be carried out by usingdesaturase enzyme of Absidia corymbifera. Thisbiocatalyst could also produce polyunsaturatedfatty acids (PUFA) such as gamma linolenic acidthat beneficial for healthy oil. The objective ofthis research was to determine the optimumcontact time and ratio of immobilized desaturaseenzyme-substrate in batch system at semi pilotscale (5,000-15,000 mL). Desaturase wasextracted from A. corymbifera biomass andimmobilized on activated zeolite (3-6 mm).Immobilized enzymes were then used forbioconversion process in batch system by mixingthe enzyme with CPO in a bottle placedhorizontally then rotated using a rotator machineat room temperature (25-30 o C). The resultshowed that optimum contact time with ratioimmobilized enzyme-substrate 1:1; 1:2; and 1:3were 30, 40, and 50 min resulted in increasingiodine number 2.84; 3.94; and 4.46 g I 2 /100 gCPO, respectively. An optimum enzyme-subtrateratio was achieved at 1:2, resulted in increasingof iodine number 9-11 g I 2 /100 g CPO, productrecovery of 17,000 mL (21 batches) up to 18 hours. It was detected that active desaturasesduring CPO bioconversion were  6 ,  9 , and  12 desaturases as shown by the increase of oleic(4.5%), linoleic (0,85%) and linolenic acids(60.7%).RingkasanPeningkatan ketidakjenuhan minyak sawitkasar (crude palm oil, CPO) dapat dilakukandengan enzim desaturase Absidia corymbifera.Biokatalis ini juga mampu menghasilkan asamlemak tidak jenuh majemuk (polyunsaturatedfatty acids, PUFA) yang bermanfaat untukkesehatan seperti asam gamma linolenat (GLA).Tujuan penelitian adalah menetapkan waktukontak dan nisbah enzim desaturase amobil-substrat optimum dalam sistem curah pada skalasemipilot (5.000-15.000 mL). Desaturase di-ekstraksi dari biomassa A. corymbifera dandiamobilisasi pada zeolite (3-6 mm) yang telahdiaktivasi. Enzim amobil kemudian digunakanuntuk proses biokonversi dalam sistem curahdengan cara mencampurkan dengan CPO dalambotol yang diletakkan secara horizontal kemudiandiputar dengan mesin rotator pada suhu ruang(25-30 o C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwawaktu kontak optimum enzim desaturase-substratdengan nisbah 1:1; 1:2; dan 1:3 adalah 30, 40,dan 50 menit dan menghasilkan peningkatanbilangan iod berturut-turut sebesar 2,84; 3,94;dan 4,46 g I 2 /100 g CPO. Nisbah enzim-substratoptimum dalam proses biokonversi CPO adalah1:2 yang menghasilkan peningkatan bilangan iod9-11 g I 2 /100 g CPO dan perolehan produk17.000 mL (21 kali curah) selama 18 jampemakaian. Penelitian juga dapat mendeteksibahwa desaturase yang aktif selama prosesbiokonversi CPO adalah  6 ,  9 , dan  12desaturase yang ditunjukkan oleh peningkatanasam oleat (4,5%), linoleat (0,85%) dan linolenat(60,7%).