bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Unusual Cause of Concordance in the Setting of Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors:   Medical Faculty/Staff at University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA, O Alqaisi , J Carter ,   Medical Faculty/Staff at University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA, J Xu ,   Medical Faculty/Staff at University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA, H Paydak ,   Medical Faculty/Staff at University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA, JH Carter ,   Medical Faculty/Staff at University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
Published: May 2021

A 73-year-old female with a past medical history of atrial fibrillation, mechanical mitral valve replacement on warfarin, hypertension and hypothyroidism presented to the emergency department with a fall. She fell and hit her head upon standing up from a seated position. She reported a constant posteriorly located headache along with episodes of nausea and vomiting. She denied chest pain, shortness of breath, syncope and fever. The initial examination showed blood pressure of 107/64mmHg, respiratory rate of 13/Min, pulse of 76/Min, oxygen saturation of 96% and Glascow Coma Scale (GCS) of 13, verbal response 4, motor response 6 and eye response 3. Pupils were round and reactive to light. No focal weakness or sensory loss were noted. The patient’s mental status and GCS progressively worsened for which she eventually was intubated. The patient had a mild leukocytosis of 14.11×109 (4.0-10.0). Her sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium were normal. International Normalized Ratio (INR) was 2.9. The troponin upon presentation was 0.69ng/ml and trended down throughout the hospitalization. Her EKG showed normal sinus rhythm with a left bundle branch block with ST segment elevation in leads V3 - V5 and concordant ST elevation >1mm in V5. Sgarbossa criteria for acute myocardial infarction in the presence of LBBB was 5 points. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the head without contrast showed large bilateral cerebellar hemorrhages with mild inferior herniation of the cerebellar tonsils. Echocardiogram showed ejection fraction of 55-60% with no wall motion abnormalities. Immediate supportive treatment, including fluids and reversal of anticoagulation with prothrombin complex concentrate and vitamin K were administered. The patient underwent a successful suboccipital decompressive craniotomy.
Relationship between Depression and Quality of Life in Patients with Psoriasis from Tijuana, Mexico
Authors:   Department of Family Medicine, Family Medicine Unit #27 (IMSS), Baja California Delegation, Mexico, GC Angulo-Felix , VI Bermudez-Villalpando ,   Department of Family Medicine, Family Medicine Unit #27 (IMSS), Baja California Delegation, Mexico, NL Flores-Madrigal ,   Department of Dermatology, Regional General Hospital #20 (IMSS), Baja California Delegation, Mexico
Published: May 2021

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the world prevalence of psoriasis is between 0.9-11.4 % according to the geographical area, in Mexico the prevalence is 2%; the frequency is higher in the Caucasian population, this disease can appear at any age but is more common in the 50- 69 age group. The affectations of the physical, mental and social areas are frequent in this disease. Aim: The purpose of this study is to know the relationship between depression and quality of life in patients with psoriasis from the family medicine unit #27 (FMU 27). Design and Setting: Analytic cross-sectional study. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with psoriasis older than 18 years. Quality of life was measured using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire and depression using the Hamilton scale. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 21; the chi-square test was used to determine the association between qualitative variables, the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied for data distribution and correlation using the Spearman test. Results: 59.3% of the patients have an alteration in the quality of life, 85.2% with depression and a positive correlation between DLQI and Hamilton score. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of alterations in quality of life in patients with psoriasis and a high prevalence of depression; The impact on the quality of life is correlated with depression.
A hidden catalysis: metal-, and organocatalyst-free one-pot assembly of chiral aza-tricyclic molecules
Authors: Do Dung
Published: May 2021

Development of a rapid synthesis of complex molecules from simple building blocks under a metal-and organocatalyst-free condition is both conceptually and chemically challenging. Here, we developed a hidden catalysis that allow the straightforward assembly of enantiopure aza-tricyclic molecules containing six contiguous stereocenters from aminophenols, α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and α-amino acids. Without using a metal or an organocatalyst, our approach relies on a temporary formation of a spiroimidazolidinone intermediate and its participation in a sequential aza-Michael/Michael reaction as both a substrate and a catalyst under an iminium/enamine catalysis. The formation of the putative iminium intermediate was supported by spectroscopic data and its interruptive reduction derivative was isolated and fully characterized. Whereas a conventional catalyst is always present and does not undergo a permanent chemical change in a classic catalysis, the spiroimidazolidinone intermediate is conceptualized as a sub-catalyst as it is only temporary produced from precursors and catalyzes its own consumption. This unique substrate-catalyst (sub-catalyst) dual role of the spiroimidazolidinone induces a substantial steric discrimination in the transition state and an excellent overall diastereoselectivity (>20:1 dr). It allows the use of an amino acid precursor as the sole chirality genesis and avoids the use of transition metals or organocatalysts. An enantiomer of an aza-tricyclic imidazolidinone can be prepared from a commercially available amino acid precursor. The aqueous-based reaction is practical and scalable for multi-gram synthesis. The success of implementing this sub-catalysis concept in the synthesis will pave the way for many efficient chiral catalyst-free preparations of chiral complex molecules.
Investigating Tunneling Controlled Chemical Reactions Through Ab-Initio Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Li Xinyang , Huo Pengfei
Published: May 2021

We use the ab-initio ring polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD) approach to investigate tunneling controlled reactions in methylhydroxycarbene. Nuclear tunneling effects enable molecules to overcome the barriers which can not be overcome classically. Under low-temperature conditions, intrinsic quantum tunneling effects canfacilitate the chemical reaction in a pathway that is neither favored thermodynamically nor kinetically. Thisbehavior is referred to as the tunneling controlled chemical reaction and regarded as the third paradigm of chemicalreaction controls. In this work, we use the ab-initio RPMD approach to incorporate the tunneling effects in our quantum dynamics simulations. The reaction kinetics of two competitive reaction pathways at various temperatures are investigated with the Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT) on-the-fly molecular dynamics simulations and the ring polymer quantization of the nuclei. The reaction rate constants obtained here agree extremely well with the experimentally measured rates. We demonstrate the feasibility of using ab-initio RPMD rate calculations in a realistic molecular system, and provide an interesting and important example for future investigations on reaction mechanisms dominated by quantum tunneling effects.
Neural Ordinary Differential Equations and Recurrent Neural Networks for Predicting the State of Health of Batteries
Authors: Pepe Simona , Liu Jiapeng , Quattrocchi Emanuele , Ciucci Francesco
Published: May 2021

Battery management systems require efficient battery prognostics so that failures can be prevented, and efficient operation guaranteed. In this work, we develop new models based on neural networks and ordinary differential equations (ODE) to forecast the state of health (SOH) of batteries and predict their end of life (EOL). Governing differential equations are discovered using measured capacities and voltage curves. In this context, discoveries and predictions made with neural ODEs, augmented neural ODEs, predictor-corrector recurrent ODEs are compared against established recurrent neural network models, including long short-term memory and gated recurrent units. The ODE models show good performance, achieving errors of 1% in SOH and 5% in EOL estimation when predicting 30% of the remaining battery’s cycle life. Variable cycling conditions and a range of prediction horizons are analyzed to evaluate the models’ characteristics. The results obtained are extremely promising for applications in SOH and EOL predictions.
Does Filter Aided Sample Preparation (FASP) Provide Sufficient Method Linearity for Quantitative Plant Shotgun Proteomics?
Authors: Leonova Tatiana , Ihling Christian , Saoud Mohamad , Rennert Robert , Wessjohann Ludger A. , Frolov Andrej
Published: May 2021

Gel-free LC-based shotgun proteomics represents the current gold standard of proteome analysis due to its outstanding throughput, analytical resolution and reproducibility. Thereby, the efficiency of sample preparation, i.e., protein isolation, solubilization and proteolysis, directly affects the correctness and reliability of quantification, being therefore the bottle neck of shotgun proteomics. The desired performance of the sample preparation protocols can be achieved by application of detergents. However, these ultimately compromise reverse phase chromatographic separation and disrupt electrospray ionization. Filter aided sample preparation (FASP) represents an elegant approach to overcome these limitations. Although this method is comprehensively validated for cell proteomics, its applicability to plants and compatibility with plant-specific protein isolation protocols is still unknown, i.e., no data on linearity of underlying protein quantification methods for plant matrices is available. To fill this gap, we address here the potential of FASP in combination with two protein isolation protocols for quantitative analysis of pea (Pisum sativum) seed and Arabidopsis thaliana leaf proteomes by the shotgun approach. For this, in comprehensive spiking experiments with bovine serum albumin (BSA), we evaluated the linear dynamic range (LDR) of protein quantification in the presence of plant matrices. Further, we addressed the interference of two different plant matrices in quantitative experiments, accomplished with two alternative sample preparation workflows in comparison to conventional FASP-based digestion of cell lysates, considered here as a reference. Our results indicate very good applicability of FASP to quantitative plant proteomics with an only limited impact of the protein isolation technique on the methods overall performance.
Iron-Catalyzed Homogeneous Hydrogenation with Precise Temperature-Governed Chemoselectivity.
Authors: Duan Ya-Nan , Zeng Yiqun , Cui ZhiKai , Wen Jialin , Zhang Xumu
Published: May 2021

The chemoselective hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds has been a powerful tool for both synthetic chemistry and chemical industry. The achievement of chemoselectivity among different functionalities with a single catalyst has been a challenge for transition metal-catalyzed hydrogenation. In this paper, iron tetraphosphine complexes show high catalytic efficiency for a variety of polar unsaturated substrates such as aldehydes, ketones, enones, nitroarenes and N-heteroaromatics. Without an N-H group on the catalyst, the chemoselectivity was controlled precisely by the reaction temperature. The catalytic efficiency, chemoselectivity and robustness of this Fe/P4N2 catalyst found its merit in the preparation of several important drug intermediates. A diamagnetic trans-iron dihydride complex, formed under the reaction conditions, was supposed to be an on-cycle catalytically active species.
Water-Assisted and Protein-Initiated Ring-Opening Polymerization of Proline N-Carboxyanhydride
Authors: Hu Yali , Tian Zi-You , xiong wei , LU HUA
Published: May 2021

The production of poly-L-proline (PLP) via the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of L-proline N-carboxyanhydride (ProNCA) is challenging due to a combination of factors, including the stringent requirement of moisture-free conditions, slow monomer conversion, poor control of the molar mass, and premature precipitation of the product in the form of polyproline type I helix. Here, we report water-assisted ROP of ProNCA, which affords well-defined PLP in polyproline II helix in 2-5 minutes. Density functional theory reveals an as-yet-unreported role of water in facilitating proton shift that significantly lowered the energy barrier of the chain propagation. Protein-mediated ROP of ProNCA conveniently affords various protein-PLP conjugates via a grafting-from approach. PLP conjugation not only preserves the biological activities of the native proteins, but also enhances the stability of proteins against extreme conditions. This work provides a simple means and new mechanistic insight to solve a longstanding problem in PLP synthesis and will offer valuable guidance for the development of water-resistant ROP of other NCAs. The facile access of PLP can greatly boost the application potentials of PLP-based functional materials.
Structural and Functional Analysis of Keratinicyclin Reveals Synergistic Antibiosis with Vancomycin Against Clostridium Difficile
Authors: Chioti Vasiliki , McWhorter Kirklin L , Xu Fei , Jeffrey Philip D , Davis Katherine , Seyedsayamdost Mohammad R
Published: May 2021

Keratinicyclins and keratinimicins are recently discovered glycopeptide antibiotics (GPAs). The latter are canonical GPAs with broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive bacteria, while keratinicyclins form a new chemotype by virtue of an unusual oxazolidinone moiety and exhibit specific antibiosis against Clostridium difficile. Here, we investigated the three-dimensional structures and functional consequences for both molecules. Equilibrium binding studies showed tight binding by keratinimicin A, but not keratinicyclin B, to the peptidoglycan terminus. Using protein crystallography methods, we solved the X-ray crystal structures of both GPAs, which, in conjunction with DFT calculations, indicate that the inability of keratinicyclin B to bind the peptidoglycan is governed by steric factors. Keratinicyclin B, therefore, interferes with an alternative target to inhibit C. difficile growth, a conclusion confirmed by checkerboard analysis that revealed synergistic activity with vancomycin. Our results set the stage for identifying the molecular target of keratinicyclins and for exploring their therapeutic utility in combination with vancomycin.
Optimasi Kualitas Jaringan WLAN Berdasarkan Coverage Area dan Jumlah Pengguna di Fakultas Teknologi Industri UNISSULA
Authors: Jatmiko Destra Kurniatama , Jati Budi Pramono , Hapsari Jenny Putri
Published: May 2021

WLAN is a wireless telecommunications network in the process of distributing data or information. This network is easier and economical to build because without having to do the design of cable lines and no need for cables as devices. In the main building of the Faculty of Industrial Technology UNISSULA already has a WLAN network, but there are blankspots in several areas. The layout and number of Access Points (AP) greatly affect the quality of the WLAN signal, besides the number of users. Optimization is done by comparing the number of AP exiting with the number of APs based on the coverage area and number of users. The parameters used for network quality are signal strength more than -75 dBm and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of more than 25 dB. Retrieval of existing network quality data with walktest method using the Ekahau Site Survey software. The quality of signal strength and SNR based on the coverage area is calculated using the COST 231 Multiwall method, while those based on the number of users are calculated using the ratio of Airtime per Device (APD) to Number of Device (NoD). The next step, simulating the AP layout using the Ekahau Site Survey software. The research concluded that each floor only requires 2 pieces AP. The percentage value of signal strength> -75 dBm after optimization is 86%, 89.8%, and 87.4% for floors 1, 2, and 3 respectively. While the SNR percentage values> 25 dB after optimization are 81.1%, 86.3%, and 84.5% for floors 1, 2, and 3 respectively.
  
Monitoring Suhu pada Infant Warmer Menggunakan INCU Analyzer Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Ningtias Diah Rahayu , Wahyudi Bayu , Harsoyo Imam Tri
Published: May 2021

Temperature is the most important parameter in monitoring Infant Warmer medical equipment. In this study, temperature monitoring was carried out on the Lullaby GE Infant Warmer using INCU based on Arduino Uno. The temperature setting used was 34 ° C, 35 ° C, 36 ° C and 37 ° C with each setting repeated 3 times. The temperature sensor used in the INCU analyzer for T1 to T4 is DS18B20, while the T5 uses a DHT22 temperature sensor. At the Infant Warmer temperature, a low error value was obtained for all temperature settings, namely a temperature of 34 ° C with an error of 0.02, a temperature of 35 ° C with an error of 0.03, a temperature of 36 ° C with an error of 0.004 and a temperature of 37 ° C with an error of 0. The INCU analyzer output low temperature is at T5, with temperature settings of 34 ° C, 35 ° C, 35 ° C and 37 ° C respectively 0.009, 0.07, 0.11 and 0.28. While the error value on T1 to T4 ranges from 0.37, namely at T3 for a temperature setting of 35 ° C to 0.84, namely at T3 for a setting of 37 ° C. It can be concluded that the INCU analyzer that has a high degree of accuracy is the T5 using the DHT22 temperature sensor.
Perancangan Sistem Kontrol CNC Pengebor PCB Otomatis Berbasis Raspberry PI
Authors: Satrio Eka , Joni Koko , Wibisono Kunto Aji
Published: May 2021

Circuit Board (PCB) is a micro-board containing various components electronics used in an automatic circuit. In PCB drilling is usually done human which takes a lot}when the hole in the PCB is getting more and more. And it takes precision when the eye touches the PCB board which gives rise to friction force and can cause drilling. The purpose of this research was the development of tools in the form of automated drills using computers with BCNC software as face-to-face CNC movements. The engine is driven with stepper motor and dc motor as spindle. In this BCNC software the drilling process is done by entering the codes in the form of gcode which can later be read by CNC. The coordinates of the holes in the layout that have been created are obtained by converting the layout into codes called gcode. The process is carried out using PCB designer software. Thoroughness testing on all six axes found an error 1,2% with ten attempts each. PID implementation on DC motor obtained constant value Kp = 54, Ki = 38 and Kd = 0.9. As well as before drilling, the installation of drill bits must be precise so that at the time of spinning, the drill bits do not shake.
Analysis of implementation outcomes of quality improvement initiatives in Haiti: the fingerprint initiative
Authors: Demes Joseph Adrien Emmanuel , Becerril-Montekio Victor , Torres-Pereda Pilar , Jasmin Ernst Robert , Dube Jean Geto , Coq Jean Garcia , Nickerson Nathan
Published: May 2021

Objective.To assess the process and outcomes of the implementation of an electronic fingerprint initiative as part of quality improvement in three health facilities in the Northern Department of Haiti, in terms of its acceptability, adoption, feasibility, fidelity, and sustainability. In Haiti, poor attendance of the healthcare workforce is a nationwide problem, closely related to the quality of care. Three health institutions have tried to implement an electronic fingerprint system to monitor and improve attendance.

Methods.An exploratory and qualitative descriptive study of the implementation outcomes of the fingerprint initiative. It was based on semi-structured interviews and one group discussion using purposeful sampling techniques to recruit participants, and an open coding system and deductive approach to analyze the data using ATLAS.ti 8.

Results.The fingerprint initiative was successfully implemented in a non-governmental organization supported health facility but, despite some planning, it was never implemented in the public health facilities. The acceptability of the implementation was high in the not-for-profit organization and low in the public settings, mostly in relation to the presence of champions and the leadership at each health facility.

Conclusions.We recommend more involvement of the leadership of health facilities in the different phases of the implementation process in order to guarantee acceptability, adoption, fidelity and sustainability. More research is needed to articulate this technology-driven initiative in the Haitian health system.
Restorative Justice in New Zealand Schools: An Evaluation of Sustainable Practice
Authors:   , Jones Healy
Published: May 2021

Over the past two decades, Restorative Practices have emerged internationally within schools as an alternative to the traditional punitive punishment model. Within New Zealand, schools have shown growing interest in Restorative Practices, with some adopting this with enthusiasm across their whole school practices, while others have shown a more cautious or short-term adoption. In spite of the growing interest, little is known about why some schools are successful adopters and others are not and what processes are occurring to promote well integrated and sustainable Restorative Practice in schools.

 This study investigated the sustainability of Restorative Practices across three New Zealand secondary schools, each of which had been successfully implementing Restorative Practice for a minimum of eight years. The goal of the study was to carefully trace the experiences of these schools, examining the processes that allowed Restorative Practice to become embedded in the school culture and what led to lasting integration. Schein’s model of organisational culture was used as an evaluative framework to explore the extent to which Restorative Practices were embedded within the schools. A comparative case study design was employed, gathering data from focus group sessions, semi-structured interviews, and observations. The data was analysed thematically to identify emergent themes.

 The findings indicated that the schools shared many similarities in their adoption and implementation of Restorative Practices. Factors that appeared to support the lasting integration of Restorative Practices were a contextual fit, including school readiness and the existing beliefs of the school and wider community, and leadership and support, including the commitment of Principals, the role of senior management, and the need for ongoing whole-staff professional development. Differences emerged across the three schools that also related to these factors. The study highlights the importance of the consistent and systemic embedding of Restorative Practices within school organisational culture if it is to be effectively implemented. It also underscores the need for better resourcing to equip schools to sustainably integrate practices that hold the potential to reduce the damage caused by punitive systems in schools.

 

 
When Copyright is Wrong
Authors:   , Urquhart William
Published: May 2021

While copyright legally protects the ownership of created works, fair dealing with copyrighted content has become a problematic topic with the rise of user-generated content. User-generated content can be easily produced with modern technology and shared on the internet. This has resulted in websites having complicated processes for dealing with copyrighted content and many have introduced automated copyright detection systems to limit their liabilities of copyright infringement. Since automated copyright detection systems have been introduced, they have fundamentally changed the way copyright infringement is managed online. However, a problem arises with automated copyright detection systems as they are incapable of detecting fair dealing. Fair dealing is a provision under New Zealand’s Copyright Act 1994 that allows the use of copyrighted content in certain cases. Consequently, this has turned into a controversial area between content creators and copyright holders as most user-generated content usually contains copyrighted content. Copyright laws also favour mass media companies as they control significant copyright properties, and this plays a key role in the economy. For this reason, copyright genuinely tends to focus on the rights of copyright holders and not so much for users of copyrighted content. Furthermore, New Zealand's Copyright Act 1994 has not been updated since 2011 and has become unsuitable for modern forms of creation on the internet. This research portfolio investigates the problematic issues concerning New Zealand’s Copyright Act 1994 with its application to user-generated content and YouTube’s automated copyright detection system called ‘Content ID’. To express research findings, this research portfolio contains a user-generated documentary and several other proposed methods of bypassing Content ID.
Caste and Counselling Psychology in India: Dalit Perspectives in Theory and Practice
Authors: Sawariya Meena
Published: May 2021

This paper is written from the perspective of a Dalit counselling psychologist and aims to provide an understanding of the exclusion of Dalit perspective in the theoretical as well as therapeutic domains of psychology as a discipline. It aims to elaborate on the impact of caste on the internalised-self of psychologist as well as their client and how it influences the whole process of learning as well as practice. It identifies the gaps in this field and suggests a revision and reformulation of its course and training programmes so that the closed doors can be opened for all. Further it addresses the various dyads of relationships in therapeutic alliance that can be possibly influenced by caste-based oppression in social life. The paper is highly concerned with the unaffordable and inaccessible nature of clinical settings and the persistent ignorance of the mental health concerns of Dalits. In this paper significant issues like the sense of disconnect, lack of dialogical spaces, and dehumanised processes have been explored in detail. Expressing the hope that there will be a possibility of revisiting and reformulation of theoretical orientations and philosophical frameworks, the paper calls for adequate attention towards the Dalit perspective in counselling psychology to envision egalitarianism in reality.
Caste, Reading-habits and the Incomplete Project of Indian Democracy
Authors: Saha Subro
Published: May 2021

Emphasizing on the functioning of caste as embodiment, this paper attempts to show how the internalization of dominant caste-based framework(s) shapes our habits of thinking which include epistemological and pedagogical orientations as well. The paper briefly traces how such frameworks have settled through historical shifts and shaped dominant imagination of the nation’ that has appropriated caste-system as its essence. To show such making of a dominant framework of caste and Hindu-nation, the paper briefly turns towards nineteenth century Bengal, both as a reminder of the many forms of dwelling within vernacular communities and how such multiplicities came to be reduced within a hegemonic framework of majoritarian Hindu- nation. Such making, the paper submits, shapes a doubleness of the decolonial project of nation-making which finds its paradoxical settlement within the postcolonial democratic framework through the embodiment of the majoritarian (casteist) framework of Hindu-nation. The paper, therefore, examines how such problems of embodiment become an infrastructural problem that haunt one’s everyday imagination, and therefore calls for creation of infrastructures that can enable a training of imagination to unlearn such embodied frameworks of segregation. As one such small onto- epistemological possibility, the paper examines the role of aesthetic education and its suspending potentials.
Journey with Rural Identity and Linguicism
Authors: Kumar Deepak
Published: May 2021

For a Dalit, especially from a rural background, it is not easy to survive in the higher education system in India because it is overwhelmingly dominated by the upper caste, class, and English-speaking people. It is not uncommon for Dalit learners like us to face multiple discrimination, and even exclusion in higher educational institutions. Intersectionality between these three factors abounds in institutions of higher learning. The transition from native language to English has not been an easy task for me, for in my educational journey, I have discovered that English is not just a language but also a commodity. It is becoming increasingly easy for economically well-off people to acquire education in English and dominate the spheres of educational institutions in India. They are usually considered as knowledgeable and intellectual persons. On the other hand, Dalit students also want to take education in English but, most of them are not able to do so because of their caste background and rampant discrimination. This study is based on my own experience and fieldwork at the University of Delhi through a semi-structured questionnaire.
Manual Scavenging in India: The Banality of An Everyday Crime
Authors: Shankar Shiva , Swaroop Kanthi
Published: May 2021

Manual scavenging is the practice of ‘manually cleaning, carrying, disposing of, or otherwise handling, human excreta in an insanitary latrine or in an open drain or pit’, and its existence is a crime of genocidal proportions. The vast majority of people forced into this degrading occupation are women from Dalit castes. The Government of India has outlawed the practice through two Acts of 1993 and 2013, yet it continues everywhere in the country. This essay argues that the persistence of this crime is a consequence of the criminal indifference of a casteist society, and that resistance to it has largely been the heroic effort of the victims alone.
A Commentary on Ambedkar's Posthumously Published "Philosophy of Hinduism" - Part II
Authors: Sampath Rajesh
Published: May 2021

This paper continues the commentary on Dr. B. R. Ambedkar’s posthumously published Philosophy of Hinduism. Utilizing resources from various modern continental European philosophers and social theorists, particularly of religion, we elaborate on several key passages within Ambedkar’s overall framework of analysis. The paper continues to explore how Ambedkar conceives relations between philosophy and religion, and how historical shifts in general human consciousness have occurred whereby altering both fields. At the core of his being, Ambedkar is concerned with a methodological justification that will enable him to venture into a penetrating critique of the immoral and amoral nature of Hinduism’s social system of caste. In Part I of the commentary, we followed Ambedkar until he arrived at the criteria of ‘justice’ and ‘utility’ to judge the status of Hinduism. He wanted to test whether this Eastern world religion, which descends from antiquity, meets those criteria, which shape the modern conception of religion. In Part II of this commentary, we expand further on Ambedkar’s thesis as to why Hinduism fails to meet the modern conception when those twin criteria are not met. This thought presupposes various underlying philosophical transformations of the relations of ‘God to man’, ‘Society to man’, and ‘man to man’ within which the Hindu-dominated Indian society forecloses the possibility of individual equality, freedom, and dignity. In making contributions to Ambedkar studies, the philosophy of religion, and political philosophies of justice, this paper sets up Part III of the commentary, which will examine Ambedkar’s actual engagement with the classics of Hinduism’s philosophy and thought in general. Ultimately, Ambedkar is undeterred in his original critique of the social and moral failures of the caste system, thereby intimating ambitious possibilities for its eventual eradication.
Caste, The Origins of Our Discontents: A Historical Reflection On Two Cultures
Authors: Sundiata Ibrahim K
Published: May 2021

In 2020 Isabel Wilkerson, Pulitzer prize-winning journalist, published Caste, The Origins of Our Discontents. An African American, she used the age-old hierarchy of India to hold up a light to the hierarchical ‘racial’ orders in the United States (Nazi Germany was included as a third case). Ever since the 1940s debate has raged over whether such a comparison is apt. In the United States, more than almost any other group, African Americans are in-marrying, residentially segregated, poor, linked to past forced labor, and stigmatized because of it. One argument put forward against comparison was that the Indian Dalits (the former ‘untouchables’) were inured to a system that was millennia old. However, slaves on Southern plantations were often described as being as humble and compliant as any Dalit. White slaveholders often thought of the India caste model. However, the very brevity of the full-fledged Cotton Kingdom (1820–1860) militated against the coalescence of a fully formed national caste consensus. The United States, unlike most places on the globe, had a constitutional armature in which, following the Civil War, former bonds people could go from being property to voters de jure. In both societies the carapace of caste is now being cracked open, but this leaves open the question of whether we should reform caste or abolish it.
INFORMATION SUPPORT TOOLS FOR THE LIFE CYCLE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: DIGITALIZATION OF SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO MASTERS
Authors: Kuzminska Olena
Published: May 2021

Education and science digitalization belongs to the priority areas of information society development. However, we can observe that while Ukraine enters the European educational and scientific space, Ukrainian scientists cannot yet efficiently compete in the international labor market. One of the reasons behind this is that Ukrainian scientists and researchers are not fully integrated into the world system of digital scholarly communication. To help researchers use digital tools supporting scholarly communication, many companies carry out various educational events to support open science and initiate international research and projects. Under modern conditions the digitalization of scientific communication went to the front-burner due to the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, the forced transition to digital scholarly communications through the COVID-19 pandemic can help integrate young scientists, including masters of higher education, into the international scientific space. This article provides an analysis of tools to support scholarly communication developed within the «101 innovation of scholarly communication» project. The international survey demonstrates the tools that scientists prefer to use at each stage of the research. This paper characterizes the advantages of particular tools on different stages of the masters’ research process induced by the current tendency for scholarly communication digitalization and the limitations for masters’ research. During the work, we outlined the scope for future research and found it necessary to conduct an additional survey for the scholarly community.
BLENDED LEARNINGAS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENTOF OUT-OF-SCHOOL EDUCATION TEACHERS
Authors: Mohilevska Viktoriia , Sibil Olena , Barlit Oksana
Published: May 2021

The paper is dedicated to the problem of out-of-school education teachers’ professional development in the conditions of growing requirements to such education quality. The authors of the article note that the professional development of teaching employees of out-of-school education institutions requires a review of existing tools and the search for new approaches. In the current conditions, advanced training courses for the teachers of out-of-school education institutions remain to be the prevailing form, but along with the development of e-education, increase of the freedom of a teacher to choose the forms, methods, terms of professional growth, they need a certain "reset". In a situation of quarantine restrictions, the qualification advancement courses are carried out in a remote format, but it has a number of pitfalls which impact the training effectiveness. Mastering the methods of reflection of one’s own activity by teachers allows to reduce this influence and to increase the quality of professional refresher training. The authors of the article focused their view on the introduction of blended learning during the qualification advancement courses, as such that should provide positive dynamics in the professional development of the teachers of out-of-school education institutions. Researchers see as its most effective models: the "flipped classroom", the self-blend model and the model of enriched virtual learning. They point to a number of advantages of these models compared to traditional learning, which include: flexibility, variability in the organization of the educational process and forms of presentation of educational material, as well as their impact on increasing the motivation of students to learn. The issues of increasing the requirements for the teacher's activity, which should offer optimal and rational methodological techniques and technological solutions for constructive interaction with students not only for the convenience of monitoring their learning, but also so that they can feel constant support, are considered separately. The authors of the article came to the conclusion that in each case the optimally selected model of the blended learning is the one that contains potential opportunities for professional development of the heads of out-of-school education clubs. The article provides statistics data for its confirmation.
SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE SYSTEM «ARDUINO LEARNER KIT»
Authors: Tsyrulnyk Serhii
Published: May 2021

The difference between programming embedded systems from the classical one is that in addition to knowledge of the theory of algorithms, programming languages, it is necessary to know the hardware of the object, its physical or electrical properties. Programming for embedded systems is considered a separate area. Embedded-developer is engaged in the development, maintenance, testing of software and hardware. The article considers issues related to the peculiarities of practical training and the formation of professional skills in programming embedded-systems by students studying in the field of knowledge 12 Information Technology, 17 Electronics and Telecommunications software and hardware complex "Arduino Learner Kit" based on the platform Arduino Nano. The software-hardware system "Arduino Learner Kit" is intended for experiments on the control of LEDs, generation of color and adjustment of the brightness of RGB LED, creation of a tone signal, processing of events of clock buttons, reading of data from the potentiometer, DHT11 sensor, LM35 sensor, seven-segment display, LED dot matrix indicator, LCD-indicator, Arduino port sealing by shift register 74HC595, data exchange via SPI interface (MAX7219), and I2C (DS1307). The approach of the application of the physical and virtual stand "Arduino Learner Kit" for training on the mixed and distance form is offered. Arduino Learner Kit software and technology teaches that students study demonstration programs on each topic and get acquainted with their work on the virtual stand "Arduino Learner Kit" and explore the work on the real stand by the peculiarities of the educational process in the educational institution. Features of modeling, testing, and debugging of projects with Arduino in the Proteus 8.X environment are revealed. The list of topics for the formation of Arduino programming skills, drawing diagrams from ready-made modules and parts using the software and hardware system "Arduino Learner Kit", which are implemented in the educational process.
ORGANIZATION OF EFFECTIVE TEAM INTERACTION IN THE CONDITIONS OF REMOTE WORK OF PEDAGOGICAL WORKERS
Authors: Afanasieva Tetiana , Hrevtseva Yevheniia
Published: May 2021

Today, in the conditions of a pandemic, due to quarantine restrictions, educational institutions are forced to develop a new system of work of both the institution in general and the teaching staff in particular. There is a need to build a new system of teamwork. The article outlines research on teamwork. Definitions of "team" and "working group" are given. The effectiveness of team interaction is marked by the cohesion of the team in achieving the goal, the team shares the overall responsibility for the work of the team. With effective interaction, team members achieve higher results together than they could achieve on their own. A model is presented, which defines basic team competencies, which consist of five sectors: relations and communications; teaching; purpose and motivation; internal processes; external processes and environment. On the basis of the specified model features of formation of basic components of a team at a remote form of work are defined. The article identifies barriers that arise during remote work in a team, namely: reducing the level of productive conflict, hiding mistakes, psychological danger, incomprehensibility of teachers of the overall goal, insecurity of colleagues, uncertainty about the importance of their work and the value of their contribution to the overall case. The factors that help the team stay effective and balanced are identified. One of the main factors and an indicator of team success is psychological security, which determines the level of protection of the psyche of the teacher, their ability to maintain optimal functioning, eliminate external and internal threats and provides an opportunity to effectively perform professional activities. Recommendations were given to the head of the educational institution to improve team interaction during the team's transition to distance work. The technologies that are recommended for remote teamwork are described. Recommendations for pedagogical workers on establishing effective team interaction in the conditions of remote work are presented. Further areas of research to improve the system of work to improve the effectiveness of teamwork are outlined.
INFORMATION AND LIBRARY RESOURCES ON ISSUES OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION (ON THE MATERIALS OF LIBRARY SITES OF UNIVERSITIES OF GERMANY)
Authors: Kropocheva Nataliya
Published: May 2021

The Results of the information review of the materials of the Websites of the Libraries of German Universities are presented. A sample of eleven libraries was formed, the selection criteria for which were the following indicators: The Universality of the acquisition of the fund; the presence in the structure of information resources of collections of rare, handwritten and old printed publications; participation in the network of library institutions located on campuses (libraries), library funds are completed with documents of a narrow-specialized direction. The practical problems of creating Information and library resources on education and pedagogy are highlighted; the defining components of the content and composition of the sites of these libraries are described. The Directions of formation of resources of the researched segment of libraries of universities with single - circuit and double – circuit structure are revealed and generalized. In universities of the first type, libraries perform the functions of the central and peripheral library structure, as a rule, information and library resources on pedagogy and education are exported from OPAC (Online public access Catalog) and KVK (Karlsruher Virtuelle Katalog). In universities with a two-circuit structure of libraries, the site presents resources for educational and pedagogical purposes, in library departments, resources of specialized direction are reflected. The qualitative characteristics of the portals of educational and pedagogical issues, placed on the basis of the DBIS information System, are given. features of the formed information resources on the basis of various information sources, according to needs of users, minimizing information overload by optional («superfluous») information flows are revealed. The directions of content formation, prospects of development of the portal «Pädagogik» are covered.
Determination of color properties of organic and conventional hazelnut flour
Authors: KARAOSMANOĞLU Hasan , ÜSTÜN Nebahat
Published: May 2021

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the differences in color characteristics of hazelnut flours obtained from organic and conventional hazelnuts, which play an important role in consumer preferences.Materials and Methods: Six commercially important hazelnut cultivars (Çakıldak, Foşa, Mincane, Palaz, Sivri, Tombul) were selected. The samples were collected from Western (Düzce), Middle (Samsun, Ordu) and Eastern Black Sea (Trabzon) regions. The hazelnuts which were separated from their husks and dried in the sun were unshelled by hand and turned into flour. L (brightness), a (redness) and b (yellowness) values of the samples were determined on the HunterLab Color Flex EZ color measurement device, and then the chroma value (C), hue angle (h°), total color difference (ΔE) values were calculated. Statistical tests were performed using SAS-JAMP v10.0 software. One-way ANOVA was used to determine significant differences between levels, and LSD test was used for comparisons of multiple means.Results: According to the study results, L values of organic nuts were higher than conventioanals (P ˂0.05) and no difference was found between a, b, chroma and hue values (P ˃0.05). Cultivars was found to be effective on L and a (P ˂0.05), Tombul was found to be brighter than other cultivars, Çakıldak has the highest a value. It has been determined that the total color difference (ΔE) between the production methods is perceptibleConclusion: According to these results, organic hazelnut flours are thought will have a positive effect on consumer preferences since they have a brighter appearance.
Toprak tuzluluğunun börülcede bitki gelişimine etkisi
Authors: ÖNAL AŞCI Özlem , ALTUN Mualla
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Çalışma börülcede farklı toprak tuzluluk seviyelerinin bitki gelişimine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür.Materyal ve Yöntem: Karagöz ve Ülkem börülce çeşitlerinde bitkiler 4 yapraklı büyüme evresinde iken 0, 25, 50,75, 100,125, 150,175 ve 200 mM NaCl dozları uygulanmıştır. Çalışma, tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme desenine göre 4 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur ve saksı denemesi olarak yürütülmüştür.Araştırma Bulguları: Araştırmada bitki boyu (cm), kök uzunluğu (cm), yaprakçık sayısı (adet bitki-1), yaprak alanı (cm2 bitki-1), Gövde çapı (mm), toprak üstü yaş ve kuru ağırlık (g bitki-1), kök yaş ve kuru ağırlık (g bitki-1), nodül sayısı (adet bitki -1), nodül ağırlığı (mg bitki -1) belirlenmiştir. Yapılan varyans analizi sonucunda, bitki boyu, kök yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları bakımından çeşit x tuz dozu interaksiyonu istatistiki olarak önemli bulunurken, kök uzunluğu çeşitlerden ve tuz dozlarından etkilenmemiştir. İncelenen diğer özelliklerin tamamında tuz dozları arasında istatistiki olarak önemli farklılıklar olduğu ve toprak tuzluluğunun bitki gelişimini çoğunlukla olumsuz etkilediği belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: İncelenen parametreler içerisinde nodul sayısı ve nodul kuru ağırlığın 25 mM tuz dozunda, yaprak alanı, toprak üstü yaş ve kuru ağırlık değerlerinin ise 75 mM tuz dozunda istatistiki olarak önemli derecede azaldığı belirlenmiştir.