bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
G.H. Mead`s original role-concept and its later distortions
Authors: Vári-Szilágyi Ibolya
Published: December 2020

In the social psychology of the ‘60s probably the notion of role enjoyed the greatest popularity besides attitude. Although this popularity has markedly decreased by the ‘90s, role theories still have a substantial influence on social science thinking. When pondering about the viability of the scientific notion, one does well to recount the history of its spreading and transferring, with special regard to the original role concept of G. H. Mead, the father of symbolic interactionism. As the author’s historical and theoretical analysis reveals, just in the period when the popularity of the role concept was the highest, the context in which role phenomena were examined, were significantly more superficial than Mead’s original attempts at its interpretation. This was able to highlight more deeply the relation of the role and action. Neglecting this has meant that social psychology and sociology have practically left out one possibility to understand better the changes of roles and the emergence of new roles.
European identity and national attachment: harmony or dissonance
Authors: Orkeny Antal
Published: December 2020

The paper is aiming to answer such questions, where does the development of a new common European identity stand, which countries or regions show stronger or weaker European identification inside the EU, how this has changed over the past decades in the process of enlargement of Europe, what could be the value content of the new common identity, and how this will affect to the traditional national attachment and identity. More narrowly, the question is what changes have happened in Hungary in the public attitudes to Europe since the mid-90s and does the process of accession has an effect or not on the traditional Hungarian national identity.The empirical foundation of our study is the international comparative empirical research series of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), in the years 1995 and 2003 aiming to reconstruct the stock of knowledge of national and European identities in the member states. This study uses temporal and spatial comparison to consider national connectedness and the characteristics of European identity in various countries across Europe. Based on this data in our paper we make an effort to explore what characterizes national identity in Europe, how people see foreigners and domestic minorities, whether we can identify the development of a transnational or supranational identity that goes beyond national identity, and if there is a new frame of identification for people in Europe, what extent we can expect increasing conflicts in the relation of the two types of identity.
Rural Landscapes in Noricum: Studying the ancient hinterland of a Roman province
Authors: Hagmann Dominik
Published: December 2020

Noricum was part of the Roman Empire from 15 BC to 488 AD. On the one hand, specific areas of this province, such as the so-called Danube Limes border zone of present-day Austria with its numerous military sites like watchtowers or camps, have been continuously in the focus of various archaeological investigations. On the other hand, hardly anything is known about the rural settlement (e.g., farmsteads or villages). Thus, the archaeological knowledge of the utmost parts of Noricum's hinterland requires an in-depth, scientific evaluation this applies particularly to the northern area located in the present-day federal state of Lower Austria. Consequently, the Danubian border's archaeological rural hinterland settlement activities of the Roman period's different phases are newly studied to improve the relatively low research state through the PhD-project
Roman Rural Landscapes in Noricum by Dominik Hagmann. The project is a critical landscape archaeological study and focuses on the rural component in the study area, which has received little attention for various reasons so far. The project has an inclusive approach. All available archaeological sources (ranging from single coin finds to whole military camps) are taken into account in a well-defined Area of Interest to provide new insights into the rural landscape through basic research. Besides, two known farmsteads (
villaeof Oberndorf a. d. Melk and Petzenkirchen) serve as exemplary case studies for rural sites.

Learn more:
rrl.univie.ac.at/en/

research

/

rrln

/
Can Vitamin D Positively Impact COVID-19 Risk and Severity Among Older Adults: A Review of the Evidence
Authors: Marks Ray
Published: December 2020

Background The coronavirus Covid-19 strain that emerged in December 2019, continues to produce a widespread and seemingly intractable negative impact on health and longevity in all parts of the world, especially, among older adults, and those with chronic health conditions. Aim The first aim of this review article was to examine, summarize, synthesize, and report on the research base concerning the possible use of vitamin-D supplementation for reducing both Covid-19 risk and severity, especially among older adults at high risk for Covid-19 infections. A second was to provide directives for researchers or professionals who work or are likely to work in this realm in the future. Methods All English language relevant publications detailing the possible efficacy of vitamin D as an intervention strategy for minimizing Covid-19 infection risk published in 2020 were systematically sought. Key words used were: Vitamin D, Covid-19, and Coronavirus. Databases used were PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. All relevant articles were carefully examined and those meeting the review criteria were carefully read, and described in narrative form. Results Collectively, these data reveal vitamin D is a powerful steroid like compound that is required by the body to help many life affirming physiological functions, including immune processes, but its deficiency may seriously impact the health status and well being of the older adult and others. Since vitamin D is not manufactured by the body directly, ensuring those who are deficient in vitamin D may prove a helpful overall preventive measure as well as a helpful treatment measure among older adults at high risk for severe Covid-19 disease outcomes. Conclusions Older individuals with chronic health conditions, as well as healthy older adults at risk for vitamin D deficiency are likely to benefit physically as well as mentally, from efforts to foster adequate vitamin D levels. Geriatric clinicians can expect this form of intervention to reduce infection severity in the presence of Covid-19 infection, regardless of health status, and subject to careful study, researchers can make a highly notable impact in this regard.
Osatuz
Authors: Taibo de los Ríos Mónica
Published: December 2020

El programa Osatuz está desarrollado en Bizkaia y gestionado por el Consorcio de Educación Compensatoria. Este programa llevado a cabo por psicoterapeutas infantiles atiende a niños y niñas con graves dificultades de regulación emocional dentro de las escuelas. Teniendo como foco de la intervención no únicamente al menor, sino a la familia, profesorado y todos los agentes comunitarios que intervienen.
Design of drones for monitoring of volcanic areas
Authors: Vorobioff Juan , Boggio Norberto , Gutierrez Marcelo , Checozzi Federico , Rinaldi Carlos
Published: December 2020

Objective: Volcanic eruptions are a serious threat to the environment. In order to assess more accurately the state of a volcanic zone, spatially distributed me­asurements are required.

Methodology: An electronic nose (eNose), a quad­copter drone with gas, temperature, and humidity sensors was developed. The drone was assembled with 3D printed parts and tested for properties like structural rigidity. The eNose samples gases, manages a sensor array, acquires data, extracts features, and classifies them with suitable classification algorithms.

Results: The eNose drone system provides a versati­le technology for autonomous monitoring of diverse environments. A logarithmic calibration curve was observed for the CO sensor.

Conclusions: The implementation of a eNose drone system and its application to the detection and study of gases in volcanic areas would be innovative in Argentina. The system can access remote dangerous areas and is versatile. Different gas sensors like H2S or SO2 can be added.
Etični konflikti med medicinskimi sestrami v intenzivni enoti
Authors: Naraločnik Katja , Donik Barbara , Kmetec Sergej , Fekonja Zvonka
Published: December 2020

Uvod: Etični konflikt predstavlja resen poklicni problem. Medicinske sestre so na svojem delovnem mestu čedalje bolj obremenjene, še posebej v intenzivnih enotah, kjer je delo z življenjsko ogroženimi pacienti posebej težavno in je pojavnost etičnih konfliktov toliko večja. Namen je bil ugotoviti stopnjo izpostavljenosti etičnim konfliktom med medicinskimi sestrami v intenzivni enoti.Metode: Izvedena je bila kvantitativna presečna opazovalna raziskava. Vanjo je bilo vključenih 97 medicinskih sester, zaposlenih v intenzivnih enotah ene bolnišnice. Podatki so bili zbrani s pomočjo vprašalnika in statistično obdelani z uporabo univariatne statistike.Rezultati: Raziskava je pokazala, da so medicinske sestre v intenzivnih enotah zmerno izpostavljene etičnim konfliktom (x = 138,85, s = 89,08). Najpogosteje doživljajo etični konflikt ob situacijah, ko primanjkuje virov,ki zdravstvenemu timu omogočajo upoštevanje etičnih smernic za delovanje (x = 14,11, s = 9,13). Najmanj so izpostavljene etičnim konfliktom, ko je treba v okviru kliničnega preizkušanja dajati zdravila in pri tem ne prejmejo vseh potrebnih informacij, ki so po njihovem mnenju potrebne za izvajanje te naloge (x = 2,25, s = 3,70).Diskusija in zaključek: Pri pojavnosti stopnje etičnega konflikta pri medicinskih sestrah je bilo ugotovljeno, da se srečujejo s konflikti, ki so rahlo problematični in precej problematični. Največji etični konflikt se pojavi pri pomanjkanju časa za upoštevanje etičnih smernic za delovanje, kar kaže, da je medicinskih sester premalo za kakovostno oskrbo pacientov.
Przepis na wychowanie w świetle korespondencji rodziny Bnińskich
Authors: Czerniecka-Haberko Anna , Studnicka-Mariańczyk Karolina
Published: December 2020

An analysis has been carried out of several dozen letters written between 13 August 1876 and 5 May 1890 by Roman Bniński (the father), addressed mainly to his son, Roman. The analysed letters allow us to gain some insight, no matter how minimal, into the father’s attitude towards his son, which is expected to shape his offspring. Not surprisingly, the correspondence reflects acceptance, cooperation, reasonable freedom and recognition of the child’s rights.In general, letters are a direct source presenting a family’s everyday life, relations between family members, family affinities and relations with neighbours, acquaintances and friends... This is all reflected in the letters written by Roman Bniński to his son. Like all direct written sources, the letters provide a new image of the landed gentry, which is confronted with its stereotypical images, mainly formed on the basis of Positivistic and Marxist literature.
Dysfunkcjonalność rodziny a dysfunkcjonalność władzy rodzicielskiej
Authors: Jakimiec Daniel
Published: December 2020

The family represents a fundamental social unit, consisting of individuals connected by marital and parental bonds. The relations between family members are determined by traditions handed down by means of upbringing, which, in turn, is based on shared emotions and attitudes subjected to the laws and moral order of nature. The prerogatives recognised by the family are also heavily affected by religious axioms. Generally speaking, the family represents the cultural legacy of whole generations falling under the influence of numerous factors, each of them being a link in the family’s history. The analysis of the function of the family as a fundamental social group and of parental responsibility indicates that the functions of the family are more extensive than the functions of parental responsibility. This is because the functions of the family are fulfilled by all its members, adults and minors alike. Those functions performed by adult family members are subject to a number of norms included in the Family and Guardianship Code. However, the family’s desired performance positively affects fulfilment of parental responsibility.
Automated diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy enabled by optimized thresholding-based blood vessel segmentation and hybrid classifier
Authors: Narhari Bansode Balbhim , Murlidhar Bakwad Kamlakar , Sayyad Ajij Dildar , Sable Ganesh Shahubha
Published: December 2020

Objectives

The focus of this paper is to introduce an automated early Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) detection scheme from colour fundus images through enhanced segmentation and classification strategies by analyzing blood vessels.

Methods

The occurrence of DR is increasing from the past years, impacting the eyes due to a sudden rise in the glucose level of blood. All over the world, half of the people who are under age 70 are severely suffered from diabetes. The patients who are affected by DR will lose their vision during the absence of early recognition of DR and appropriate treatment. To decrease the growth and occurrence of loss of vision, the early detection and timely treatment of DR are desirable. At present, deep learning models have presented better performance using retinal images for DR detection. In this work, the input retinal fundus images are initially subjected to pre-processing that undergoes contrast enhancement by Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) and average filtering. Further, the optimized binary thresholding-based segmentation is done for blood vessel segmentation. For the segmented image, Tri-level Discrete Level Decomposition (Tri-DWT) is performed to decompose it. In the feature extraction phase, Local Binary Pattern (LBP), and Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCMs) are extracted. Next, the classification of images is done through the combination of two algorithms, one is Neural Network (NN), and the other Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The extracted features are subjected to NN, and the tri-DWT-based segmented image is subjected to CNN. Both the segmentation and classification phases are enhanced by the improved meta-heuristic algorithm called Fitness Rate-based Crow Search Algorithm (FR-CSA), in which few parameters are optimized for attaining maximum detection accuracy.

Results

The proposed DR detection model was implemented in MATLAB 2018a, and the analysis was done using three datasets, HRF, Messidor, and DIARETDB.

Conclusions

The developed FR-CSA algorithm has the best detection accuracy in diagnosing DR.
Psychometric test system for measuring cognitive reaction time
Authors: Koch Klaus Peter , Laigle Hoffmann Julien , Jung Lukas , Auer Eric , Schächinger Hartmut
Published: December 2020

For the assessment of human reaction time, a test environment was developed. This system consists of an embedded device with organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays with push buttons for the combined presentation of visual stimulation and registration of the haptic human reaction. The test leader can define the test sequence with the aid of a graphical user interface (GUI) on a personal computer (PC). The validation of the system was proved by measuring the latency times of the whole system, which are conditioned by the specific hard- and software constellation. Through the investigation of the display’s light radiation by a photodiode and the recorded current consumption, latency times and their variance were specified. In the fastest mode the system can reach an error limit of 60 μs.
Antimicrobial and antifungal activities of bifunctional cooper(ii) complexes with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, flufenamic, mefenamic and tolfenamic acids and 1,10-phenanthroline
Authors: Hudecova Lenka , Jomova Klaudia , Lauro Peter , Simunkova Miriama , Alwasel Saleh H. , Alhazza Ibrahim M. , Moncol Jan , Valko Marian
Published: December 2020

Cooper(ii) complexes represent a promising group of compounds with antimicrobial and antifungal properties. In the present work, a series of Cu(ii) complexes containing the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, tolfenamic acid, mefenamic acid and flufenamic acid as their redox-cycling functionalities, and 1,10-phenanthroline as an intercalating component, has been studied. The antibacterial activities of all three complexes, [Cu(tolf-O,O′)2(phen)] (1), [Cu(mef-O,O′)2(phen)] (2) and [Cu(fluf-O,O′)2(phen)] (3), were tested against the prokaryotic model organisms Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and their antifungal activities were evaluated towards the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae). The antibacterial activity of both strains has been compared with the antibiotic Neomycin. The calculated IC50 values revealed slight differences in the antibacterial activities of the complexes in the order 1 ∼ 3 > 2. The most profound growth inhibition of E. coli was observed, at its highest concentration, for the complex 1, which contains chlorine atoms in the ligand environment. The trend obtained from IC50 values is generally in agreement with the determined MIC values. Similarly, the complex 1 showed the greatest growth inhibition of the yeast S. cerevisiae and the overall antifungal activities of the Cu(ii) complexes were found to follow the order 1 > 3 ≫ 2. However, for complex 2, even at the highest concentration tested (150 μM), a 50% decrease in yeast growth was not achieved. It appears that the most potent antimicrobial and antifungal Cu(ii) complexes are those containing halogenated NSAIDs. The mechanisms by which Cu(ii) complexes cause antibacterial and antifungal activities can be understood on the basis of redox-cycling reactions between cupric and cuprous species which lead to the formation of free radicals. The higher efficacy of the Cu(ii) complexes against bacterial cells may be due to an absence of membrane-protected nuclear DNA, meaning that on entering a cell, they can interact directly with its DNA. Contrastingly, for the complexes to interact with the DNA in yeast cells, they must first penetrate through the nuclear membrane.
Evaluation of elastomeric heat shielding materials as insulators for solid propellant rocket motors: A short review
Authors: Amado Javier Carlos Quagliano , Ross Pablo Germán , Sanches Natália Beck , Pinto Juliano Ribeiro Aguiar , Dutra Jorge Carlos Narciso
Published: December 2020

This review addresses a comparison, based on the literature, among nitrile rubber (NBR), ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer rubber (EPDM), and polyurethane (PU) elastomeric heat shielding materials (EHSM). Currently, these are utilized for the insulation of rocket engines to prevent catastrophic breakdown if combustion gases from propellant reaches the motor case. The objective of this review is to evaluate the performance of PU–EHSM, NBR–EHSM, and EPDM–EHSM as insulators, the latter being the current state of the art in solid rocket motor (SRM) internal insulation. From our review, PU–EHSM emerged as an alternative to EPDM–EHSM because of their easier processability and compatibility with composite propellant. With the appropriate reinforcement and concentration in the rubber, they could replace EPDM in certain applications such as rocket motors filled with composite propellant. A critical assessment and future trends are included. Rubber composites novelties as EHSM employs specialty fillers, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (POSS), nanofibers, nanoparticles, and high-performance engineering polymers such as polyetherimide and polyphosphazenes.
Fetal pulmonary choristoma: report of first case and literature review
Authors: Nanda Anupam , Nanda Rajinder , Thakur Seema , Gupta Tej Prakash , Jain Sudhir , Aggarwal Nisha
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Lung tissue choristoma is a very rare disorder where mature lung tissues develop in the site not normal to the lung.

Case presentation

We hereby report a first case of fetal pulmonary choristoma in a 23–24 weeks fetus where antenatal ultrasound showed a mass in posterior fossa with severe ventriculomegaly. The mass extended inferiorly in cervical spinal column and thereafter extended in the skin over the back of fetus. Fetal autopsy confirmed these findings. Pathologic findings showed mature lung tissues with bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Clinical exome sequencing showed normal results.

Conclusions

We describe the antenatal ultrasound, fetal autopsy and pathologic findings of an intracranial and cutaneous pulmonary choristoma.
Keeping up with the Times: The Transformation of the Publicity Regime with New Movable Property Security Rights and Developments in Blockchain Technology
Authors: Gürsel Yaman
Published: December 2020

For a long time, the publicity regime over movable property has been associated with possession. Many modern legal systems still operate on Roman law principles concerning the validity of transactions: Whoever is in possession of a movable asset generates the legal presumption that he or she rightfully owns that asset. Immovable assets on the other hand are tied to a different concept due to the value and meaning ascribed to them. Whereas possession signals who has which rights to claim against whom, inscriptions made in a public registry (such as a land registry) determine the fate of immovable property. Over time, reforms in the law on secured transactions have resulted in a less strict approach adopted in executing transaction relating to movable property to enable the establishment of limited rights in rem and their implementation. Regardless, most civil law jurisdictions still deem the transfer of possession as compulsory for a valid right of pledge over movable property. This article elaborates on the most significant changes to the field of property law and why certain countries may reconsider their traditional approach, especially since yet another wave of change is coming in the form of Blockchain registries. Although certain countries’ legal systems are bound to the old-fashioned principle dating back to Germanic and Roman laws, many others like the Belgian, French and Turkish systems have modernized their publicity regime applied on movable assets and have a special registry, whether regional or nationwide, for transactions related to movables. While providing a few examples from common law countries, this article is an in-depth, comparative analysis into the current condition of Swiss law on this matter and the modifications implemented under French and Turkish law. In the last section, the article reviews the imminent interaction between the publicity regime of immovables and blockchain technology.
The influence of river training on the location of erosion and accumulation zones (Kłodzko County, South West Poland)
Authors: Witek-Kasprzak Matylda , Kasprzak Łukasz , Remisz Joanna
Published: December 2020

The channels of the main rivers in the Kłodzko County, South West Poland, have been strongly influenced by human activities since the end of the nineteenth century. The reasons, type, and time frame of these changes are very similar to those which occurred in other European mountain regions but the magnitude is different. Kłodzko County is an area with a well-developed river network. Since the Middle Ages, human activities were noticed in the river valleys of this region. The main cause of the most anthropogenic transformations of the river channels was changes in the volume of sediment supply and, thus, the channel load and its erosive and transport capacities. The ultimate effects of human impact are manifested in the changes of channel pattern, depth and sinuosity, and the location of erosion and accumulation zones. Morphological transformations are most intensive immediately after the regulation works. The influence of channel training is noticeable; however, there is no clear correlation between the occurrence of engineering structures and the development of channel forms. The channel changes are mostly local. The highest efficiency of channel processes is observed in the direct vicinity of the damming objects and in the peripheral fragments of bank-protection structures. Below the damming structures, the rate of channel downcutting increases because of sediment retention in dam and weir reservoirs, and above the transversal structures bed aggradation takes place; lateral erosion intensifies below the bank reinforcements, and sediment shadows are common below the transversal structures. The types of morphological changes observed in the regulated channels of the Kłodzko County are in most cases similar to the effects of training works in other mountain river systems in Poland and around the world; however, the scale of morphological influence is much smaller, which indicates greater stability of the river channels of the Sudetes than the Carpathian and Alpine river channels.
Effect of calcination temperature on rare earth tailing catalysts for catalytic methane combustion
Authors: Zhao Ran , Tian ZiChen , Zhao Zengwu
Published: December 2020

Bayan Obo tailings are rich in rare earth elements (REEs), iron, and other catalytic active substances. In this study, mine tailings were calcined at different temperatures and tested for the catalytic combustion of low-concentration methane. Upon calcination at 600°C, high catalytic activity was revealed, with 50% CH4 conversion at 587°C (space velocity of 12,000 mL/g h). The physicochemical properties of catalysts were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Compared to the raw ore sample, the diffraction peak intensity of Fe2O3 increased post calcination, whereas that of CeCO3F decreased. A porous structure appeared after the catalyst was calcined at 600°C. Additionally, Fe, Ce, Ti, and other metal elements were more highly dispersed on the catalyst surface. H2-TPR results revealed a broadening of the reduction temperature range for the catalyst calcined at 600°C and an increase in the reduction peak. XPS analysis indicated the presence of Ce in the form of Ce3+ and Ce4+ oxidation states and the coexistence of Fe in the form of Fe2+ and Fe3+. Moreover, XPS revealed a higher surface Oads/Olatt ratio. This study provides evidence for the green reuse of Bayan Obo mine tailings in secondary resources.
Characterization and biological activities of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using the extract of Acantholimon serotinum
Authors: Karimzadeh Mohammad Reza , Soltanian Sara , Sheikhbahaei Mahboubeh , Mohamadi Neda
Published: December 2020

The present study reports the synthesis of ZnO-NPs using Acantholimon serotinum extracts followed by characterization and evaluation of biological activities. Field emission scanning electron microscope revealed irregular spherical morphology with a size in the range of 20–80 nm. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the synthesis of highly pure ZnO NPs with a hexagonal shape and a crystalline size of 16.3 nm. The UV-Vis spectroscopy indicates the synthesis of ZnO-NPs. FT-IR confirmed the presence of phytocomponents in the plant extract, which was responsible for nanoparticle synthesis. According to MTT results, the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs showed cytotoxic effects on human colon cancer Caco-2 (IC50: 61 µg/mL), neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y (IC50: 42 µg/mL), breast cancer MDA-MB-231 (IC50: 24 µg/mL), and embryonic kidney HEK-293 (IC50: 60 µg/mL) cell lines. Significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by the DCFH-DA assay after 24 h incubation with ZnO-NPs (200 µg/mL). ZnO-NPs caused apoptotic and necrotic effects on cells, which was confirmed by Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining and 6.8-fold increase in pro-apoptosis gene Bax and 178-fold decrease in anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2. The well diffusion method did not show effective growth inhibition activities of the ZnO-NPs against bacteria. In conclusion, the ZnO-NPs induce cytotoxicity in cell lines through ROS generation and oxidative stress.
Practical Theologies in Chinese Speaking Societies—A Cross-Cultural Consideration
Authors: Shui-Man Kwan Simon
Published: December 2020

While having a history of several decades, the practical theology movement still finds itself rather rootless in Chinese speaking societies. This paper addresses three tasks: 1. It attempts a general sketch of the history and the state of the art of practical theology in Chinese societies; 2. It seeks to explain the ostensibly late development of Chinese practical theology by referring to the unique conception of practice embedded in the Chinese cultural traditions. By doing so, it argues that the development should not be understood as “late.” Rather, it should be understood cross-culturally. 3. With this cross-cultural sensitivity, it shows that there is a lot for both the Chinese and the international practical theology movements to learn from each other.
Exploring hardware accelerator offload for the Internet of Things
Authors: Cooke Ryan A. , Fahmy Suhaib A.
Published: December 2020

The Internet of Things is manifested through a large number of low-capability connected devices. This means that for many applications, computation must be offloaded to more capable platforms. While this has typically been cloud datacenters accessed over the Internet, this is not feasible for latency sensitive applications. In this paper we investigate the interplay between three factors that contribute to overall application latency when offloading computations in IoT applications. First, different platforms can reduce computation latency by differing amounts. Second, these platforms can be traditional server-based or emerging network-attached, which exhibit differing data ingestion latencies. Finally, where these platforms are deployed in the network has a significant impact on the network traversal latency. All these factors contributed to overall application latency, and hence the efficacy of computational offload. We show that network-attached acceleration scales better to further network locations and smaller base computation times that traditional server based approaches.
Code-switching Llibre dels Fets: Language ideology in the 13th century Crown of Aragon
Authors: Pujol i Campeny Afra
Published: December 2020

In this article, I explore code-switching in Llibre dels Fets (a 13th century chronicle that narrates the life and deeds of king James I of Aragon) from a glottopolitical perspective in order to uncover the linguistic ideologies reflected in the text through this phenomenon. Code-switching in contemporary Romance languages, as well as in Latin and Arabic, is found throughout the text, mostly within reported speech. Through the analysis of these fragments and the analysis of the labels used to refer to each of these varieties, it is shown that: (i) different varieties are used to express either allegiance (Catalan and Occitan) or opposition (Western Ibero-Romance) to the figure of the King, and that that Aragonese was erased as a language of the Crown of Aragon; (ii) code-switching in Latin is used to confer authority to the discourse; (iii) code-switching in the Romance languages is a mechanism to express group membership; and finally (iv) that mutual intelligibility between Catalan and the attested contemporary Romance varieties is assumed at the time of composition of the text.
Effects of local oscillator on the performance of DP-QPSK WDM system with channel spacing of 37.5 GHz
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Agrawal Sunil , Kapoor Vinod , Budhiraja Sumit
Published: December 2020

Dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying (DP-QPSK) modulation format is emerging as a main contender for 37.5 GHz frequency grid of WDM systems. However, the optical add drop multiplexers (OADMs) affect the performance of the system because of narrow channel spacing. The local oscillator (LO) is an important component of the digital coherent receiver. This paper analyzes the effects of LO parameter on the performance of the considered system. It is exhibited that optimum range of optical power and laser linewidth of the LO helps in improving the performance of the considered system.
Peninsular effect on species richness in Italian small mammals and bats
Authors: Battisti Corrado , Marta Silvio , Agnelli Paolo , Luiselli Luca , Stoch Fabio , Amori Giovanni
Published: December 2020

Peninsular effect is an anomalous gradient in plant and animal species richness from base to tip of a given peninsula. This pattern has been studied intensely on various taxonomic groups, but with scarce attention for using standardized data. Here, using presence-absence data normalized by the field effort, the peninsular effect on the species richness of some mammalian groups (Eulipotyphla [i.e. Soricomorpha + Erinaceomorpha], Rodentia, and Chiroptera) was analyzed along the Italian peninsula. Specifically, species richness at each 30′-wide latitudinal band and the normalized species richness were compared, and generalized linear models (GLM) were used to assess whether habitat diversity, altitudinal range and area of each latitudinal band were the main predictors in explaining the peninsular effects in each of the three mammalian orders. In both Rodentia and Chiroptera, species richness was better predicted by habitat heterogeneity and by the interaction term habitat heterogeneity × field effort. For Eulipotyphla, GLM models gave no significant results. Our study highlighted the importance of taking into account the sampling effort in order to proper evaluate the peninsular effects on species richness in animals.
Interface-induced field-like optical spin torque in a ferromagnet/heavy metal heterostructure
Authors: Iihama Satoshi , Ishibashi Kazuaki , Mizukami Shigemi
Published: December 2020

The manipulation of magnetization in a metallic ferromagnet by using optical helicity has been much attracted attention for future opto-spintronic devices. The optical helicity–induced torques on the magnetization, optical spin torque, have been observed in ferromagnetic thin films recently. However, the interfacial effect of the optical spin torque in ferromagnet/nonmagnetic heavy metal heterostructures have not been addressed so far, which are widely utilized to efficiently control magnetization via electrical means. Here, we studied optical spin torque vectors in the ferromagnet/nonmagnetic heavy metal heterostructures and observed that in-plane field-like optical spin torque was significantly increased with decreasing ferromagnetic layer thicknesses. The interfacial field-like optical spin torque was explained by the optical Rashba–Edelstein effect caused by the structural inversion symmetry breaking. This work will aid in the efficient optical manipulation of thin film nanomagnets using optical helicity.
Evaluation and possible mechanism of beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua Hubner) resistance to chlorpyrifos and their sensitivity to neem oil insecticides
Authors: Yuliani Yuliani , Ismayana Safri , Maharani Rani , Widiantini Fitri , Dono Danar
Published: December 2020

The uncontrolled and excessive use of insecticides on Spodoptera exigua can cause resistance. The aim of this study is to test resistance of S. exigua to chlorpyrifos and determine the possible mechanism of resistance to S. exigua. The resistance assay was carried out on chlorpyrifos by determining the level of resistance by the comparison of LC50 between the field samples and the standard samples. The resistivity of S. exigua was correlated with the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), esterase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes. The samples of S. exigua were also tested for their sensitivity to neem oil insecticides. The results showed that S. exigua samples from Brebes and Cipanas had a resistance ratio (RR) of 5.50 and 3.26, respectively. The results of the present study indicate that the insensitivity of the AChE and the high activity of the GST play a significant role in the mechanism of S. exigua resistance to chlorpyrifos. However, the esterase has fewer roles in the S. exigua resistance mechanism for both samples. In addition, the results of neem oil insecticides test showed that S. exigua from Brebes and Cipanas samples is sensitive to the insecticide with the RR value less than 1; therefore, this biopesticide has the opportunity to manage resistant pests. A novel mechanism for insecticide resistance by insect was proposed.
Magnetic torque-driven deformation of Ni-nanorod/hydrogel nanocomposites
Authors: Birster Kerstin , Schweitzer Rouven , Schopphoven Christoph , Tschöpe Andreas
Published: December 2020

Nickel (Ni) nanorods were prepared by the anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template method and dispersed in poly(acrylamide) (PAM) hydrogels. The deformation of the magnetoresponsive composites was studied with particular attention to the consequences of finite magnetic shape anisotropy as compared to rigid dipoles on the field-dependent torque. For comparison with experiments, the composite was described as an elastic continuum with a local magnetic torque density, applied by discrete particles and determined by the local orientation of their magnetic anisotropy axis with respect to the magnetic field. The mean magnetic moment of the single domain particlesmand their volume density in the compositeφvolwere derived from the static field-dependent optical transmission (SFOT) of linear polarized light. The mechanical coupling between the particles and their viscoelastic environment was retrieved from the rotational dynamics of the nanorods using oscillating field-dependent optical transmission (OFOT) measurements. Field- and orientation-dependent magnetization measurements were analyzed using the Stoner–Wohlfarth (SW) model and a valid parameter range was identified by introducing an effective anisotropy constantKAas a new empirical model parameter. This adapted SW-model for quantitative description of the field- and orientation dependence of the magnetic torque was validated by measuring the local rotation of nanorods in a soft elastic hydrogel. Finally, torsional and bending deformation of thin magnetically textured composite filaments were computed and compared with experiments.
The Effects of Power Outages on the Performance of Manufacturing Firms in the MENA Region
Authors: Fakih Ali , Ghazalian Pascal , Ghazzawi Nancy
Published: December 2020

Power supply in developing countries is often characterized by unreliability and inefficiency, resulting in disruption costs for operating firms. The extents of power outages in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are more significant compared to other geo-economic regions. This paper examines the effects of power outages on the performance of manufacturing firms in the MENA region using a firm-level dataset derived from the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys (WBES) database. Firm performance is represented by sales, employment, and productivity growth rates. The extents of power outages are depicted by objective measures characterizing durations and frequencies of power outages, and by perception-based measures reflecting firms’ perceived severity of power outages. The results emphasize the adverse consequences of power outages for the performance of manufacturing firms in the MENA region. They also suggest that different patterns of power outages have varying implications for firm performance, and that the effects of power outages exhibit variations with firm size.
Effect of Cooling Rate and Austenite Deformation on Hardness and Microstructure of 960MPa High Strength Steel
Authors: Yang Xiong , Yu Wei , Tang Di , Shi Jiaxin , Li Yuqian , Fan Jia , Mei Donggui , Du Qiming
Published: December 2020

In order to develop 960MPa grade high strength steel, the effects of cooling rate and austenite deformation on the hardness and the microstructure of high strength steel has been studied by Scanning Electron microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation testing machine and T2500 Vickers hardness tester. The results show that only when the cooling rate was higher than 10∘C/s and the final cooling temperature was lower than 250∘C, the microstructure mainly consists of martensite, and the strength of high strength steel could be above 960MPa; and austenite deformation could effectively refine the width of martensite lath, thus improving the strength and toughness.
Análisis de la variabilidad espacio temporal de la calidad del agua en el río Magdalena en un tramo comprendido entre el municipio de El Banco (Magdalena) y el municipio de Soledad (Atlántico) durante el periodo de 2010 a 2016
Authors: Paola Carrillo , Angela Jaramillo , Ronal Sierra , Natalí Delgado
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se presenta el estudio realizado en el marco de la pasantía realizada en la Comisión Colombiana del océano , en la oficina de gestión del riesgo del área de asuntos marinos y costeros, como iniciativa del Comité Técnico Nacional para la Prevención de la Contaminación Marina. En primera instancia, se elaboró una revisión descriptiva-evaluativa y se desarrolló un análisis de la variabilidad espacio temporal de la calidad del agua en el río Magdalena en un tramo comprendido entre el municipio de El Banco (Magdalena) y el municipio de Soledad (Atlántico) durante el periodo de 2010 a 2016, mediante recopilación de información secundaria de las Autoridades Ambientales (CORPAMAG, CARDIQUE, CRA), y de las instituciones de investigación (INVERMAR,IDEAM), examinando así el comportamiento de la calidad del agua en el tramo y su variación en el trayecto a la desembocadura en el mar Caribe, teniendo como base los datos de los puntos de monitoreo.
Diversidad de macroinvertebrados bentonicos indicadores de calidad del agua en el río frío, Cundinamarca, Colombia
Authors: Santiago Ayala Ramírez , Wilson Andrés Reinoso González , Dayam Soret Calderon Rivera
Published: December 2020

Se realizó una caracterización de la calidad del agua del río Frío a través de la utilización de macroinvertebrados bentónicos como indicadores biológicos, complementada con parámetros fisicoquímicos; entre dichos parámetros se evaluaron el oxígeno disuelto (OD), conductividad eléctrica (CE), pH, temperatura, turbidez, y sólidos disueltos, con el fin de establecer la influencia de éstos sobre la comunidad de macroinvertebrados. Una vez muestreados e identificados los macroinvertebrados se calcularon los índices biodiversidad Shannon Weaver, Riqueza específica, Diversidad de Margalef y Menhinick, El número total de individuos resultados del estudio en la cuenca correspondió a 687 representados por 12 órdenes, 24 familias y 25 géneros.
Planificación climática del recurso hídrico de la cuenca del río cauca mediante inteligencia artificial
Authors: Diana Marcela Cuesta Parra , Juan Pablo Rodríguez Miranda , Mauricio Andrés Ruíz Ochoa
Published: December 2020

La variabilidad climática en la cuenca del Río Cauca, además de sus 110 tributarios ponen en riesgo de inundación a municipios en el área de influencia, especialmente en el Valle del Cauca, Antioquía, Bolívar y Sucre. El río Cauca recibe la descarga de 183 municipios ubicados en zonas agricolas, mineras y pesqueras lo que pone en riesgo la salud de los habitantes de la zona de influencia. Las herramientas de planificación ambiental son limitadas, en cuanto a que no permiten interrelacionar la variabilidad climática con el comportamiento hidrológico. Este proyecto pretende utilizar mecanismos de inteligencia artificial, con el fin de obtener información de base para establecer politicas y planes de desarrollo para la cuenca motivo de estudio.
Estudios sobre medio ambiente y sostenibilidad: una mirada desde Colombia
Authors: Hugo Fernando Guerrero Sierra , María Eugenia Vega , Pedro Mauricio Acosta Castellanos
Published: December 2020

La atención puesta por la comunidad internacional sobre los temas ambientales no constituye ninguna novedad; desde los años 70, han proliferado un sinnúmero de tratados, protocolos, acuerdos, cumbres, organismos e instituciones en la búsqueda de lograr acciones concertadas entre los Estados a fin de enfrentar una problemática global. Sin embargo, y ya bien entrado el siglo XXI, su falta de operatividad muestra la distancia que existe entre los objetivos propuestos por las distintas instancias y los instrumentos que posibilitarían al menos paliar parte del problema. Si bien son innegables los avances -muchos y variados, sobre todo en ciertas regiones del planeta-, los temas ambientales parecen haber caído en el campo de la retórica.
Informe final proyecto de investigación FODEIN. Marcos procedimentales para establecer el impacto de las estrategias ejecutadas por el nodo de proyección social en sus frentes de acción: desarrollo comunitario, educación continua, emprendimiento, egresados, relaciones interinstitucionales, asesorías y consultorías
Authors: Miller Rivera Lozano , John Alexander Díaz García , Sandra Patricia Melo Gutierrez
Published: December 2020

El proyecto de investigación pretende entregar al programa de Administración de Empresas, procedimientos y herramientas para establecer el impacto de las estrategias ejecutadas por su nodo de Proyección Social en sus frentes de acción: Desarrollo comunitario, Educación Continua, Emprendimiento, Egresados, Relaciones Interinstitucionales, Asesorías y Consultorías. La información resultante de los procedimientos y las herramientas implementadas busca convertirse en un insumo que facilite al programa, ejecutar procesos de toma de decisión para trazar rumbos de acción alineados con las directrices institucionales de Proyección Social.
Curso corto sobre el Sistema de responsabilidad penal para adolescentes
Authors: Mauricio Uribe Ruíz , Ana María Jiménez Pava , Julio Cesar Montañez , Adriana Espinosa Becerra , Erika Giovanna Mayorga Sierra , Valentina Najar Gómez , Jaime Andrés Ortega Fernández
Published: December 2020

El curso tiene por objetivo capacitar a los estudiantes de consultorio jurídico en el Sistema de responsabilidad penal para adolescentes con un enfoque jurídico-psicosocial. Además, analizar la justicia restaurativa, a partir de las explicaciones teóricas más destacadas y de cara a la aplicación práctica que tiene en Colombia con relación a los niños, niñas y adolescentes. Finalmente, se espera analizar la administración de justicia penal dirigida a personas menores de 18 años.
La recepción lésbica de la amazona: el caso Wonder Woman
Authors: Palermo Sara
Published: December 2020

A lo largo de los siglos, un abanico de identidades modernas se ha apropiado y ha remodelado de manera ininterrumpida varios elementos procedentes del mundo clásico grecorromano, hasta conformar una cadena de recepciones desde un arquetipo original hasta un producto contemporáneo. Así, el modelo de la guerrera amazona ha sido trasmitido hasta mediados del siglo XX, cuando sirvió como referente para el diseño de Wonder Woman, superheroína protagonista del cómic homónimo. A través del marco metodológico ofrecido por los estudios de Recepción Clásica, en este trabajo se lleva a cabo un análisis de las dinámicas de recepción y apropiación del referente amazónico, mediado por el cómic Wonder Woman, por parte del colectivo lésbico. Para ello se indagará primero en los rasgos del arquetipo clásico y su tradición, en relación con la ideología feminista de su creador, William Moulton Marston. El objetivo final es la identificación de los elementos propios del referente clásico y de su reescritura que han permitido la reinterpretación lésbica del mismo, entre los que destacan la agentividad de las amazonas, su ubicación geográfica en una isla y el recurso al disfraz de la superheroína.