bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poetics of theophany in Kormchiye zvyozdy (1902-1903) and Prozrachnost’ (1904) by Vyacheslav Ivanov: Transformations of Eternal Feminine images
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mashtakova Liubov V. , Sozina Elena K. ,   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

This article focuses on the images of the Eternal Feminine, which are pivotal in Vyacheslav Ivanov’s system of aesthetic and religious views and in the symbolic motifs of theophany connected with it. Theophany in this case means the manifestation of deity in a sensible form in Ivanov’s poetry, philosophical and critical essays, and diaries at different periods of his life. The concept is largely based on the medieval Christian theosophy: “the soul sees God in a dream, sees in a mirror and divination, and not face to face” (Bernard of Clairvaux). Therefore, according to Russian and American historian and art theorist Mikhail Iampolski, the more accurate the mirror, “the less it reflects to us in terms of form and meaning.” The authors hypothesize that the two Ivanov’s collections of poems Kormchiye zvyozdy [Pilot Stars] (19021903) and Prozrachnost’ [Translucency] (1904) connected by one lyrical meta-plot of mystical revelation and theophany show how the Eternal Feminine images gradually become intangible and impalpable. The anthropomorphic image of the Eternal Feminine, having its own attributes and acting as the subject of speech, loses its outlines and, as it were, dissolves into the world. In this sense, two images, the Beauty and the Translucency, can be contrasted. The first image is the central for Kormchiye zvyozdy, the second - for Prozrachnost’. The Beauty can be through ekphrasis (works by Leonardo, Botticelli, Raphael, etc.) and appear in contemplation. Translucency is active and transforms the world, but it is not personified, devoid of a voice. It is an elusive movement, a quality of the transformed world and at the same time an acting subject, signifying the appearance of Sophia in the world. The analysis of the collections has demonstrated that the general metaplot of theophany has an introduction and development. It is integral and implies a certain author’s strategy as well as its conceptual aesthetic and philosophical foundations. Drawing on Ivanov’s own views on the suggestive functions of the poetry of symbolism (“we, symbolists, do not exist - if there are no symbolist listeners” (“Thoughts on Symbolism”)), the authors assume that not Ivanov’s lyrical hero, but his attentive reader approaches the transcendent world over the course of two books, including through the transformation of Eternally Feminine images. That is, Ivanov puts into practice his own concept of the “realistic” (that is, truly symbolist) type of artistic creativity. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
Images of the novel Peterburg through the prism of Andrei Bely’s esoteric search
Authors:   Komsomolsk-on-Amur State University, Shuneyko Alexander A. , Chibisova Olga V. ,   Komsomolsk-on-Amur State University
Published: February 2023

Andrei Bely’s texts blur the boundaries of traditional genres, which raises the problem of genre uncertainty and tex integrity. For that purpose, the article analyses the figurative language of the novel Petersburg, the most significant work that accumulates the stylistic and ideological features of Bely’s entire oeuvre. Using the methods of semantic and figurative analysis, the authors address Bely’s Petersburg to identify the factors of textual integrity. As the analysis has shown, the coherence is achieved through esoteric, namely, Masonic symbolism, which dominates the figurative langauge of the novel. Various esoteric symbols are found on all language levels: from phonetic to the level of text. There are characters in the novel that epitomize individual symbols and realia. The authors emphasize the constitutive role of the duplicated esoteric images and symbols that create multiple inline rhymes. In conclusion, the authors note that, together with traditional (characters and realia), the novel contains esoteric images, various direct and indirect esoteric terms and symbols, which Bely either records in the original form or superimposes on or combines with the former ones in the narrative. The genre blurring of Bely’s texts is compensated by the language coherence aligned with the esoteric tradition. When creating literary texts, Bely does not confine himself to the artistic way of knowing and describing the world, but equally uses scientific, religious, and everyday methods of cognition. He creates a synthetic writing, previously found in the esoteric tradition, where it did not go beyond its cognitive tasks. Bely uses synthetic writing with broader functions. This type of writing may be considered as reflecting Bely’s constant polemic with his father, who was an adherent of a strictly scientific method of world cognition. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
Methodological aspects of risk mapping in multimode transport systems
Authors: Kukulski Jacek , Lewczuk Konrad , Góra Ignacy , Wasiak Mariusz
Published: February 2023

Efficient transport solutions are based on multimodal systems, with the dominant role of rail and road transport in land versions of the systems and the connecting and directing part of intermodal terminals, transhipment terminals or warehouse centres. The implementation of transport processes is always associated with the risk of lack of timeliness (quality) or threats to people, equipment and cargo (safety) resulting from human, technical, organizational and global factors like pandemics or war. The article contains a risk mapping method in multimodal transport systems configured to estimate the risk of lowering the quality of logistics services (on-time deliveries, etc.). The method combines factors usually considered separately in studies on individual modes of transport. A formal notation of risk factors as a mathematical model was proposed, and a case study was provided to picture the implementation.
The Relationship Between Curators and Living Artist When Managing an Exhibition
Authors:   , Delahunt Olivia , Yau Pamela
Published: February 2023

I found that there was a lack of literature on the actual day-to-day of curators who manage exhibitions of living artists. That is when my research question came about: what does the relationship between curators and living artists look like when they are managing an exhibition? I explored the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic when it came to finding artists and developing relationships during a completely virtual world, and how it translated into coming back into the museum space and being in person. It has become very prominent that social media has played a role in art being distributed and put on display during COVID-19 and it was important to see how curators have used that to their advantage. I used the interviewing method to collect qualitative data from four curators from four different contemporary art museums. I chose all museums that were on the East coast but in different states, Delaware, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. I wanted to see if policies determined the treatment and relationship with the artists. I found that each curator has their own set of rules and standards that they use to pick artists to exhibit, irregardless of the museum. When it came to working with the artists, they all said to remember that artists are people, and sometimes it is hard to work with people, but overall, they have had good experiences. Going into the curating field with knowledge of how to select an artist, managing the relationship, successfully managing an exhibition, and maintaining the relationship with the artist is something that will set new professionals up to do significant impact in this field.
Estatus teórico y definición del ejemplo lexicográfico (monolingüe y bilingüe)
Authors: Rascón Caballero Alfonso
Published: February 2023

El ejemplo lexicógrafo es un componente de la microestructura que los lexicógrafos se esfuerzan por elegir o crear adecuadamente. En este estudio se establece el estatus teórico del ejemplo del diccionario monolingüe y bilingüe, dentro del marco teórico de la metalexicografía de Wiegand y otros autores afines, pero teniendo en cuenta las aportaciones de un gran espectro de autores que han tratado el tema del ejemplo. Partiendo de los conceptos de dirección, indicación, unidad de tratamiento lexicográfico, dirección infralemática y otras, se precisa qué el ejemplo como categoría lexicográfica, se recogen las definiciones formuladas por los autores y al final, teniendo en cuenta, no solo los factores formales que definen el ejemplo (tipografía, amplitud sintáctica, posición), sino también otros criterios (contenido, funciones, tipos) se aporta una definición comprehensiva. Se atiende también a la particularidad del ejemplo de diccionario bilingüe.
Como sardinas en lercha
Authors: Rojo Guillermo
Published: February 2023

La presencia de la palabra lercha en los diccionarios españoles se ha apoyado casi exclusivamente en el texto del Quijote. La extrañeza que suscitó en lectores y editores de la obra ha producido dudas acerca de su existencia real en la lengua y, como consecuencia de ello, una larga e interesante serie de propuestas de sustitución. Al tiempo, lercha está ampliamente documentada en gallego, pero con un sentido muy diferente del que parece corresponderle en español. El presente trabajo pretende ilustrar la historia lexicográfica de esta palabra tanto en español como en gallego y contribuir al mejor conocimiento del texto cervantino.
Coherent superposition of the Laguerre-Gaussian beams with different wavelengths: colored optical vortices
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Savelyeva A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2023

We calculate the topological charge (TC) of a coherent axial superposition of different-"color" Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams, each having a different wavelength and TC. It is found that the TC of such a superposition is equal to the TC of the longer-wavelength constituent LG beam regardless of the weight coefficient of this beam in the superposition and its corresponding TC. It is interesting that the instantaneous TC of such a superposition is conserved and the (time-averaged) intensity distribution of the "colored" optical vortex changes its light "gamut": whereas in the near field with increasing radius, colors of the light rings (rainbow) change according to their TC in the superposition from the smaller TC to the larger one, upon free-space propagation (to the far field), with increasing radius, the ring colors in the rainbow get arranged in the reverse order from the larger TC to the smaller one. It is also shown that choosing the wavelengths (blue, green, and red)in a special way in a three-color superposition of single-ringed LG beams allows obtaining a time-averaged white light ring at a certain distance.
Structured light transformations and orbital angular momentum control in a three-coil optical snake
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Alexeyev C.N. , Aliyeva S.S. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Barshak E.V. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Lapin B.P. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Yavorsrky M.A. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we studied transformations of structured light and its angular momentum in a three-coil optical snake – a coil resonator composed of 3 evanescently uniformly coupled coils of a multimode fiber. We have suggested a fully vectorial theory of normal modes of the 3-coil resona-tor, which takes account of the spin-orbit interaction. On the basis of the analytical expressions for such normal modes and their propagation constants we have studied transmission of some types of structured light beams – optical vortices, Hermite-Gaussian-like and Laguerre-Gaussian beams – through such a system. We have shown the possibility of a super-efficient parametric control over the topological charge, orbital and spin angular momenta of the outcoming optical field by this system. We have theoretically demonstrated implementation of logic X and Y Pauli gates for light beams carrying orbital angular momentum on the basis of such a 3-coil resonator.
Calculation of quantum characteristics based on the classical solution of the diffraction problem in a resonator with a dielectric plate
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kharitonov S.I. ,   Samara National Research University, Kazanskiy N.L. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Volotovsky S.G. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Khonina S.N. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2023

The work is devoted to the development of the quantum theory of diffractive optical elements. Aspects of quantum optics are considered by the example of light diffraction from a dielectric plate in a resonator. The paper shows the connection between the classical and quantum solution of the problem of diffraction by a dielectric plate. Expressions are obtained for the eigenmodes of such a resonator, as well as for the operators of the vector magnetic potential and the electric field strength. The method proposed in this paper can be easily extended to dielectric plates with a diffractive microrelief, that is, to diffractive optical elements.
High-performance digital image filtering architectures in the residue number system based on the Winograd method
Authors:   FSAEI HE ", Valueva M.V. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University", Lyakhov P.A. ,   FSAEI HE "North-Caucasus Federal University", Nagornov N.N. ,   FSAEI HE "North-Caucasus Federal University", Valuev G.V. ,   FSAEI HE "North-Caucasus Federal University"
Published: February 2023

Continuous improvement of methods for visual information registration, processing and storage leads to the need of improving technical characteristics of digital image processing systems. The paper proposes new high-performance digital filter architectures for image processing by the Winograd method with calculations performed in a residue number system with special-type moduli. To assess the performance and hardware costs of the proposed architectures, hardware simulation is carried out using a field-programmable gate array in a computer-aided design envi-ronment Xilinx Vivado 2018.3 for the target device Artix-7 xc7a200tffg1156-3. The results of hardware simulation show that the proposed filter architectures have 1.13 – 5.42 times higher performance, but require more hardware costs compared to the known methods. The results of this study can be used in the design of complex systems for image processing and analysis for their performance to be increased.
Treatment of Organophosphorus Exposure and Precautions in Using Succinylcholine
Authors: Jabbari Ali , Najafi Atabak , Khori Vahid , Hussain Khan Zahid
Published: February 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
A Comparative Study of Ropivacaine with and without Fentanyl for Caudal Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Batul Rameesa , Gulzar Uzma , Qayoom Ouber
Published: February 2023

Background: One of the most prevalent regional methods in paediatric anaesthesia is the caudal epidural block. It is a safe, simple procedure that has proven to be quite beneficial in children following infra-umbilical surgery. Ropivacaine causes differential neuraxial blockade, which is associated with less motor block and lower cardiovascular damage. To extend the duration of action of local anaesthetics, several adjuvants are administered. Our goal was to see how fentanyl affected the duration of postoperative analgesia when used in conjunction with ropivacaine in a paediatric population of children aged 3 to 8 years following infraumbilical operations.
Methods: On 100 paediatric patients receiving elective infraumbilical operations, a prospective, comparative, and randomised investigation was done. Patients were randomised into two 50-person groups at random. Caudal anaesthesia was administered once the airway was secured. 0.2 percent ropivacaine 0.5ml/kg was given to Group R, while 0.2 percent ropivacaine 0.5ml/kg with fentanyl 0.5mcg/kg was given to Group RF. Face, legs, activity, cry, and consolability pain rating scales were used to measure postoperative pain for 24 hours. The length of the motor blockage and any negative effects were recorded. Hemodynamics, post-operative analgesia duration, and the number of rescue analgesics required were all recorded and statistically evaluated.
Results: The mean duration of analgesia in ropivacaine group was 440.60±101.29 minutes (7.25hrs) and in ropivacaine fentanyl group was 891±312.84 (14.76hrs). Statistically, the difference was highly significant.
Conclusion: In children having infraumbilical surgery, using fentanyl as an adjuvant to ropivacaine for caudal block enhanced analgesic effectiveness and extended post-operative analgesia.
Utility of High Flow Nasal Oxygen versus Non-Invasive Ventilation in Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia: Retrospective Comparative Analysis and Assessment in Present Scenario Patients
Authors: Panse Neha Amey , Patil Kalyani Nilesh
Published: February 2023

Background: The pandemic of COVID-19 since its beginning has created havoc all-round the globe. The role of oxygen therapy remains constant. Various modalities have been studied for oxygen delivery to hypoxic patients but high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) has lately gained importance in terms of non-invasive oxygen delivery, easy administration and great improvement in patient’s recovery.  We conducted this retrospective analysis with the primary objective of looking for the proportion of patients who were successfully weaned off of HFNO or non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and the secondary aim was to look for duration of hospital stay and its effect on clinical recovery based on laboratory parameters.
Methods: All patients, positive for COVID-19 infection by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) were admitted to covid ICU or ward with oxygen requirement and were treated with either NIV or HFNO were enrolled for the study.  Patients were grouped under H group (HFNO) or N group (NIV). Daily ABG readings, chest x-ray, respiratory rate, hemodynamic parameters and urine output were noted on 12 hourly intervals. Any changes in above parameters along with need for intubation were assessed.
Results: Patients from both the groups showed significant improvement in their oxygen saturation by the fifth day of their treatment. Fourteen patients from the NIV group and 10 from the HFNO group had saturation >90% by Day 5. Of those who presented with saturation of <85%, 2 out of 5 in the NIV group (40%) and 1 of the 2 patients in the HFNO group (50%) showed improvement in their oxygen saturation. The P/F was statistically comparable (p 0.928) in both groups. The levels of bio markers, and the improvement was comparable and correlated with clinical improvement as well.
Conclusion: We conclude that though HFNO is accepted better than NIV, the improvement in the respiratory status of the patient was comparable with both the treatment modalities and hence we do not recommend use of HFNO, especially in a situation of gross deficit of oxygen availability as compared to the exponential rise in the demand.
A Comparative Study of the Effect of Dexmedetomidine-Fentanyl and Midazolam-Ketamine Combination on the Level of Sedation in Children undergoing Bone Marrow Biopsy
Authors: Egbali Ahmad , Shafa Amir , Razavi Seyed Sajjad , Mahdavi Alireza , Chavoshi Tahereh
Published: February 2023

Background: This study aimed to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine-fentanyl (DF) and midazolam-ketamine (MK) combination on the level of sedation in children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
Methods: This study was a single-blind randomized clinical trial. The patients were divided into two groups of 35. Five minutes before undergoing bone marrow biopsy, the first group underwent sedation with a combination of 0.1 mg/kg midazolam with 1 mg/kg ketamine, and the second group underwent sedation with a combination of 2 μg/kg dexmedetomidine with 1 μg/kg fentanyl. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, SpO2, the level of sedation, and the incidence rates of complications were recorded in both groups and compared to each other.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age (P= 0.687), gender (P= 1.00), and weight (P= 0.839). However, there was a significant difference in the average length of stay in recovery (P= 0.015) and surgeon satisfaction (P= 0.000), with a longer recovery period in the midazolam-ketamine (MK) group. The Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences in heart rate (P= 0.008), sedation score (P= 0.038), and the percentage of oxygen saturation (P= 0.00) during surgery.
Conclusion: The combination of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl (DF) compared to the combination of midazolam and ketamine (MK) can provide more patient sedation and surgeon satisfaction along with more stable hemodynamics for patients undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
Antibiotic associated diarrhea due to Clostridioides difficile in a tertiary care teaching hospital, central India
Authors: Kapoor Sunandini , Nema Shashwati , Biswas Debasis , Khadanga Sagar , Saigal Saurabh , Maheshwari Mahesh
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives: The misuse of antibiotics in recent years has led to an increase in antibiotic associated diar- rheas (AAD). Out of several implicated pathogens, Clostridioides difficile is responsible for causing 15-25% of all cases of AAD. However, it has remained under diagnosed for a long time. The current study is planned to explore prevalence of C. difficile amongst AAD patients and to study clinical presentation and associated risk factors.
Materials and Methods: Hospital based cross sectional study conducted in patients above 2 years of age. Diagnosis of C. difficile was done by two modalities i.e. glutamate dehydrogenase test followed by toxin detection using enzyme immunoas- say and stool culture followed by toxin gene detection.
Results: Twelve of 65 patients (18.4%) were positive for C. difficile. Maximum cases were found in younger age group. Abdominal pain and fever were most common complaints. 12 (18.4%) out of 65 study subjects were found to be positive by ELISA. 2/65 (3%) patients were positive for culture with presence of only tcdB gene. Ceftriaxone was the most commonly used antibiotic (25%).
Conclusion: C. difficile is significant pathogen implicated in AAD with a prevalence rate of 18.4%. GDH antigen detection followed by Toxin A/B ELISA for C. difficile yielded better detection rate as compared to stool culture.
Isolation of new Klebsiella pneumoniae phage PSKP16
Authors: Sadeqi Sara , Michniewski Slawomir , Nikkhahi Farhad , Jameson Eleanor , Amin Marashi Seyed Mahmoud
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a clinically relevant opportunistic pathogen belonging to the En- terobacteriaceae family. It is in the top three bacteria associated with antimicrobial resistance deaths globally, and one of the most dangerous bacteria causing nosocomial infections. Phage therapy offers a potential option for the treatment of drug-re- sistant bacterial infections.
Materials and Methods: Phage PSKP16 was isolated against K. pneumoniae, capsular type K2 (isolated from a wound infection). PSKP16 is a new lytic phage with a Siphovirus-like morphology.
Results: PSKP16 is a linear double stranded DNA phage with a GC content of 50% and genome size of 46,712 bp, for which we predicted 67 ORFs. PSKP16 belongs to the genus Webervirus and shows high evolutionary proximity to Klebsiella phag- es JY917, Sushi, and B1.
Conclusion: Phage isolation is fast, cheap and efficient, but it requires time and characterization (which adds expense) to ensure that the isolated phages do not pose a health risk, which is essential to safely use phage therapy to treat life-threatening bacterial infections.
Fungi associated with ornamental plants in some Nurseries in Al–Qurayyat, Jouf region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Massoud Mohamed Salah , Ahmed Khalil Doaa Montaser
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives: Fungi communities are important soil components as decomposers and plant symbionts, and they play an important part in natural ecological and biogeochemical processes. In this study, isolation and identification of terrestrial and zoosporic fungi were detected.
Materials and Methods: Sixty–seven fungal species from thirty–four genera were isolated from 45 soil samples obtained randomly from nurseries in Al–Qurayyat, Jouf reagon, Saudi Arabia using the soil dilution technique on glucose–Czapek’s agar medium, cellulose–Czapek’s agar, and Potato dextrose agar medium.Authentic fungus manuals were then used to identify and characterise the mycoflora.
Results: A total of 46 fungal species belonging to 22 terrestrial fungal genera were recovered on glucose–Czapek’s agar, 38 species belonging to 20 terrestrial fungal genera were recovered on cellulos–Czapek’s agar and 27 fungal species belonging to 15 terrestrial fungal genera were recovered on PDA medium while 12 species belonging to 7 genera zoosporic fungal genera were discovered.
Conclusion: The most common terrestrial fungal genera were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Acremonium, and Cladosopium while in zoosporic fungus. Allomyces was the most prevalent, followed by Achlya and Pythium.
Molecular characterization and detection of antibiotic resistant genes of bacteria isolated from yoghurt in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Omunakwe Amadi Lawrence , Chimuanya Okpara Joyce , Chukwuemeka Ugboma John
Published: February 2023

Currently, molecular identification is replacing the conventional method because of its precision and reliability whereas the effectiveness of antibacterial treatments has continuously declined due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aimed to identify the bacterial isolates; phenotypically and molecularly as well as detect the resistant genes after susceptibility testing of the isolates obtained from yoghurt samples. Standard microbiological techniques and molecular analysis were applied on both samples (commercial and home-made yoghurt) for species validation. Forty-four (44) bacterial species were identified, phenotypically belonging to three (3) genera; Bacillus, Staphylococcus and Lactobacillus and an additional genus Bifidobacterium emerged from molecular analysis. The microbial load of the yoghurt samples was not statistically significant at (p≥0.05). A sensitivity test on the species was carried out using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method with some standard antibiotics. The results revealed that Bacillus and Staphylococcus species were resistant to ampicillin and augmentin (100%) but susceptible to ofloxacin and gentamicin respectively. Lactobacillus spp. were susceptible to ofloxacin and ceftazidime (100%), and resistant to ampicillin, augmentin, and ciprofloxacin (100%). The six most resistant species were molecularly identified as S. aureus CP019117, S. epidermidis AB68833, B. megaterium KC246043, B. cereus NC004722, Lactobacillus casei NC008526 and Bifidobacterium lactis CP003941. Resistant bacteria with mecA gene are S. aureus and S. epidermidis and those with ampC gene are Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus casei. However, neither gene was found in the genome of any Bacillus species. However, the data also revealed that the bacterial species in home-made yoghurt samples were negative for mecA and ampC resistant genes but positive in the commercial samples. These genes contributed to the bacterial isolates' high levels of multidrug resistance (MDR). The presence of resistant genes in bacterial species from commercial yoghurt samples remains a challenge for food safety. Therefore, good manufacturing practice, proper hygiene and sanitation is hereby advocated to avoid serious emerging foodborne illnesses.
Investigação em omnichannel
Authors: DE CARVALHO GUILHERME JULIANI
Published: February 2023

O omnichannel tem se mostrado como uma forte estratégia para fazer a integração dos diferentes canais do negócio, prezando pela melhoria na qualidade do atendimento e dos serviços ou produtos que a empresa oferece, a fim de melhorar a imagem de marca e cativar mais clientes. Neste contexto os objetivos desta revisão são: (i) elaborar uma linha do tempo sistemática sobre as publicações ao longo dos dez anos da existência do omnichannel mapeando o foco das pesquisas; (ii) destacar as mais recentes discussões sobre omnichannel e (iii) identificar a lacuna das pesquisas na relação entre omnichannel e consumidores (iv) sugerir caminhos para pesquisas futuras. Para tanto foi desenvolvida uma análise sistemática com identificação dos artigos mais citados na base de dados Scopus considerando as palavras-chave ‘omnichannel’, ‘omnichannel retail’ e ‘omnichannel retailing’. Este trabalho identifica a evolução da discussão do assunto ao longo dos anos e aponta como estudos mais recentes a experiência positiva do consumidor e a tomada de decisão em estratégia omnichannel. Entre os resultados nota-se um crescimento significativo das publicações sobre o tema nos últimos três anos e a maioria dos estudos são de origem estadunidense. Percebe-se, também, que a literatura sobre omnichannel ainda é muito esporádica, dispersa e fragmentada entre Journals, autores e linhas de pesquisa. Uma exaustiva literatura sobre a integração e gestão dos canais utilizados pelas organizações é encontrada, porém, conclui-se, que existe uma lacuna na literatura que estude a visão dos consumidores de forma mais aprofundada, destacando a percepção dos riscos envolvidos no omnichannel.
Bałtowie. Z zagadnień etnogenezy
Authors: Uszynskas Witautas
Published: February 2023

Etnogeneza narodów bałtyjskich (dzisiejszych Litwinów, Łotyszów, plemion staropruskich i Jaćwingów) jest jednym z najbardziej aktualnych problemów historii etnicznej narodów Europy Wschodniej. Zajmowali się nim przedstawiciele różnych dyscyplin naukowych, dochodząc niekiedy do trudno porównywalnych, a niekiedy wręcz przeciwstawnych wniosków.
Analizując materiał archeologiczny należało powrócić do utrwalonej w tej dyscyplinie hipotezy o autochtonicznym rozwoju Bałtów już w epoce neolitycznych plemion kultury ceramiki sznurowej i kultury toporów bojowych oraz kultur następujących po nich chronologicznie. Po tych wstępnych i nie w pełni jeszcze wyczerpujących całość problematyki analizach można ustalić, że:

Terytorium, na którym osiadły plemiona Bałtów (odnotowane w źródłach pisanych) będących bezpośrednimi przodkami zachodniobałtyjskich narodów odpowiada dokładnie terytorium, na którym rozprzestrzeniła się tradycja kulturowa wywodząca się z tradycji kulturowej kurhanów zachodnigbałtyjskich.
Rola kultury ceramiki o chropowaconej powierzchni w kształtowaniu się kultur bałtyjskich jest raczej pasywna: zabytki tej kultury wypierane są z terytorium Bałtów lub zastępowane zabytkami wywodzącymi się z tradycji kultury kurhanów zachodniobałtyjskich, genetycznego dziedzictwa między tymi grupami nie odnotowano.
Na obecnym etapie badań najbardziej słusznym wydaje się uznanie genetycznych związków Bałtów z kulturami kurhanów, które biorą początek w okresie kurhanów zachodniobałtyjskich.
Alokucja jako element rytuału bitewnego. Szesnastowieczny kontekst kronikarski (Królestwo Polskie)
Authors: Bołdyrew Aleksander
Published: February 2023

Jeden z elementów rytuału bitewnego (zwłaszcza w ujęciu źródeł o charakterze narracyjnym) stanowiła mowa wodza. Jej zadaniem było podbudowanie morale wojska w obliczu zagrożenia nieuniknionym starciem. Dowodziła ona męstwa i determinacji w realizacji celu militarnego dowódcy oraz zawierała elementy, które podnosiły mające nastąpić wydarzenie (bitwę) do rangi sporu sił wyższych. W tym ujęciu nieprzyjaciela przedstawiano jako emanację sił zła, tym samym budując prostą, binarną opozycję między swoimi/dobrymi a obcymi/innymi/złymi. Taka praktyka była typowym zabiegiem polegającym na odarciu przeciwnika z cech, które uznawano za przymioty godności i prawości. Analiza została oparta na szesnastowiecznych relacjach kronikarskich, m.in. autorstwa Marcina Bielskiego i Macieja Stryjkowskiego oraz dodatkowych tekstach związanych z konkretnymi starciami. Jej wyniki zaprezentowano na szerokim chronologicznie tle porównawczym. Ustalono, że de facto obowiązywały dwa odrębne porządki. Pierwszym z nich był porządek rzeczywisty, w którym do alokucji dochodziło rzadko, a wówczas miała ona lakoniczny charakter. Drugi porządek stanowił kreację literacką na temat bitwy. Im dłuższy był odstęp czasowy między zdarzeniem opisywanym w kronice, a rzeczywistymi wypadkami, tym alokucja stawała się bardziej rozbudowa. Dlatego w artykule uznano ją za element wykreowanego rytuału bitewnego. Stanowiła zatem specyficzne spiętrzenie dramatyczne opowieści, nawet wtedy, gdy nie miała miejsca w rzeczywistości. Dzięki temu narracja kronikarska budowała schematyczny obraz przeszłości, mający odpowiadać zapotrzebowaniu na wykreowanie pewnego rodzaju tożsamości dynastii i państwa. W starciu Królestwa Polskiego z wrogami zawsze bowiem eksponowano element różnić wyznaniowych między chrześcijańskimi wojskami polskimi oraz armiami prawosławnymi lub muzułmańskimi.
Przygotowanie Krakowa do obrony przed atakiem armii arcyksięcia Maksymiliana Habsburga w roku 1587
Authors: Zinkiewicz Jacek
Published: February 2023

Do najważniejszych momentów w dziejach Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów należą wydarzenia z 1587 r. – czas bezkrólewia po śmierci Stefana Batorego i wybór nowego władcy. Miały one fundamentalne znaczenie dla polskiej polityki wewnętrznej, a przede wszystkim międzynarodowej. Gdy zgromadzona w Warszawie szlachta w sierpniu 1587 r. dokonała podwójnej elekcji, rozpoczął się wyścig Zygmunta Wazy i Maksymiliana Habsburga o koronę królewską. Kraków jako stolica kraju odegrał w tych wydarzeniach kluczową rolę.

Rachunki miejskie oraz liczne źródła, głównie narracyjne, ilustrują przebieg przygotowań Krakowa do obrony murów i odparcia austriackiego pretendenta do tronu. Rozproszone informacje wykazują pewną prawidłowość. Na przykład można zaobserwować wzmożoną aktywność, zwłaszcza wokół bram, które odgrywały kluczową rolę w systemie obronnym miasta.

Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje próbę spojrzenia na problem złożonych i żmudnych przygotowań miasta do jego obrony. Dotychczasowa historiografia nie ukazywała omawianych wydarzeń z punktu widzenia zaplecza logistycznego i technicznego. Dzięki dostępnym źródłom, możemy poznać sposoby funkcjonowania rzemiosła obronnego, począwszy od stosowanych narzędzi pracy – przez architekturę obronną – aż po strategię.
Armia Ochotnicza jako przykład mobilizacji polskiego społeczeństwa w obliczu bolszewickiej inwazji 1920 roku
Authors: Milewska Marta
Published: February 2023

W obliczu zagrożenia ze strony najazdu bolszewickiego władze II Rzeczypospolitej zdecydowały, że – poza poborem przymusowym – będą też prowadzone działania w celu powiększenia szeregów Wojska Polskiego poprzez stworzenie Armii Ochotniczej. Jej utworzenie powierzono gen. broni Józefowi Hallerowi. Artykuł zawiera informacje dotyczące etapów tworzenia tej armii. Głównym celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie procesu mobilizacji polskiego społeczeństwa. Zwrócono uwagę na poszczególne grupy społeczne wstępujące do Armii Ochotniczej oraz dokonano analizy liczebności rekrutów w poszczególnych okręgach. Analiza ta pozwoliła ocenić liczbę ochotników zgłaszających się w szeregi Armii Ochotniczej, z uwzględnieniem faktu, że mobilizacja ta była prowadzona równolegle z poborem rekrutów do Wojska Polskiego.
Mobilizacja 25 Dywizji Piechoty w sierpniu 1939 roku
Authors: Jarno Witold
Published: February 2023

Artykuł opisuje mobilizację 25 Dywizji Piechoty w sierpniu 1939 r. Dywizja ta stacjonowała na obszarze Okręgu Korpusu nr VII „Poznań” w trzech garnizonach: Kaliszu, Krotoszynie i Ostrowie Wielkopolskim. Proces mobilizacji dywizji był trudny i złożony, gdyż musiał zostać zakończony w ciągu zaledwie trzech dni. W tym też czasie trzeba było sformować nowe oddziały nieistniejące w czasie pokoju. Obok mobilizacji personalnej niezmiernie ważna była także mobilizacja materiałowa, obejmująca uzbrojenie przewidziane etatem wojennym oraz wszelkie niezbędne wyposażenie. Wszystkie jednostki 25 Dywizji Piechoty mobilizowały się w sposób niejawny w trakcie tak zwanej mobilizacji alarmowej. Jej podstawą był plan mobilizacyjny „W” i tabele mobilizacyjne wspomnianej dywizji. W ramach procesu mobilizacji dokonano także wielu zmian w obsadzie dowództwa dywizji oraz w podległych jej pułkach (29, 56 i 60 Pułk Piechoty oraz 25 Pułk Artylerii Lekkiej). Pomimo licznych trudności mobilizacja oddziałów 25 Dywizji Piechoty odbyła się zasadniczo sprawnie i w wyznaczonym terminie. Po zakończeniu mobilizacji dywizja obsadziła pozycje obronne w rejonie Kalisza, walcząc następnie w składzie Armii „Poznań”.
Wybrane instrukcje archiwalno-kronikarskie tzw. Armii Andersa
Authors: Kierepka Klaudia
Published: February 2023

W pierwszych latach II wojny światowej tysiące Polaków deportowano do Związku Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich (dalej: ZSRR), wolność odzyskali dopiero w drugiej połowie 1941 r. Wielu z nich wstąpiło do Polskich Sił Zbrojnych w ZSRR dowodzonych przez gen. Władysława Andersa, z którego oddziałami przeszli szlak bojowy. Wraz z procesem tworzenia oraz rozwoju armii, powstawały komórki archiwalne, których zadaniem było m.in. kształtowanie wojskowego zasobu archiwalnego, wydawanie instrukcji archiwalnych oraz zlecenia prac kronikarskich w oddziałach.
Jednym z pierwszych takich dokumentów było pismo Szefa Sztabu Dowództwa Polskich Sił Zbrojnych z 16 grudnia 1941 r., regulujące zasady prowadzenia prac kronikarskich w oddziałach oraz sposoby przeprowadzania ankiet walk we wrześniu 1939 r. Dwa tygodnie później (30 grudnia 1941 r.) w 5 Dywizji Piechoty wydano rozkaz wykonawczy wraz z instrukcjami dla kronikarzy dywizyjnych, pułkowych i batalionowych. Kolejny ważny dokument to pismo gen. Andersa z 20 lutego 1943 r. dotyczące organizacji pracy kronikarsko-historycznej i archiwalnej Armii Polskiej na Wschodzie, regulujące istnienie służby archiwalnej oraz prowadzonych przez nią prac. Instrukcja ta wprowadzała także obowiązek uzupełniania dzienników przez jednostki biorące udział w działaniach wojennych.
Wprowadzone w lutym 1943 r. zasady prowadzenia dzienników działań zostały zmienione 20 marca 1945 r. w związku z ich nieprzestrzeganiem, kiedy to Dowództwo 2 Korpusu Polskiego wydało nową instrukcję prowadzenia dzienników działań. W celu zabezpieczenia dokumentów oraz uregulowania ich przekazywania z kancelarii do archiwum, Dowództwo Jednostek Wojska na Środkowym Wschodzie wydało 6 kwietnia 1945 r. rozkaz o gromadzeniu i przechowywaniu akt i pamiątek wojskowych.
Przygotowanie Egiptu do I wojny arabsko-izraelskiej (1948–1949)
Authors: Pogońska-Pol Magdalena
Published: February 2023

Decyzja Zgromadzenia Ogólnego ONZ z 29 listopada 1947 r. o podziale Palestyny na dwa państwa spotkała się z niezadowoleniem państw arabskich. Jednym z tych krajów był Egipt. Toczyła się tam debata polityczna i społeczna na temat udziału w wojnie przeciwko Żydom, planowanej przez członków Ligi Państw Arabskich. Wynikało z niej, że kraj do wojny nie przystąpi, jednak egipscy politycy dokonali politycznej wolty i zdecydowali się na udział w kampanii. Decyzja ta była dla wszystkich zaskoczeniem. Wojna nie była wcześniej planowana jako realizacja zamierzeń politycznych i dyplomatycznych. Nie przygotowano na taką ewentualność społeczeństwa, a nawet armii.
Polacy a groźba wybuchu nowego konfliktu globalnego po 1945 roku. Postawy wobec wojny w Korei, kryzysów berlińskiego i kubańskiego oraz interwencji w Czechosłowacji
Authors: Lesiakowski Krzysztof
Published: February 2023

Polacy wiele razy pokładali nadzieję w działaniach wojennych – choćby po utracie niepodległości w końcu XVIII w. Podobne nastroje społeczne pojawiły się po II wojnie światowej. Ich wyrazem były szeroko rozpowszechnione pogłoski o zbliżającym się nowym globalnym konflikcie zbrojnym. Ich nasilenie następowało w momentach wielkich kryzysów międzynarodowych. Zwłaszcza wojna w Korei z 1950 r. wpływała na zbiorową wyobraźnię Polaków. Pogłoski te bardzo mocno dały o sobie znać także w okresie kryzysów berlińskiego w 1961 r. i kubańskiego w 1962 r. oraz w pierwszej fazie interwencji zbrojnej w Czechosłowacji w 1968 r. Tego rodzaju reakcje społeczeństwa polskiego, będące oznaką swoistego oczekiwania na wojnę, były konsekwencją funkcjonowania Polski w warunkach braku suwerenności, co prowadziło do snucia wizji o nowym konflikcie zbrojnym, traktowanym jako początek głębokich zmian politycznych w kraju i w świecie. Pogłoski o zbliżającej się wojnie są istotnym wyznacznikiem kondycji psychospołecznej Polaków po 1945 r. i jednocześnie dowodzą nieskuteczności partyjno-państwowej propagandy w sferze budowania tzw. jedności moralno-politycznej społeczeństwa. Gdy światowe mocarstwa z końcem lat sześćdziesiątych XX w. uświadomiły sobie konieczność realizowania rzeczywistej polityki pokojowej – także w Polsce nastroje uległy poprawie, a pogłoski o nowej wojnie stały się rzadkością.
A Study on the Utilization Planning of Band Wrestling in School Physical Education
Authors:   The World Society of Taekwondo Culture, Lee Ae Yeon
Published: February 2023

This study to suggest a plan to utilize new sports band wrestling derived from wrestling events into school physical education. The research method was based on literature research on wrestling in-depth interviews were conducted with a group focused as a qualitative research method by as well as consisted of a total of 11 experts, 2 advisors from band wrestling developers, 3 wrestling majors, 3 sports-related majors, and 3 physical education professors, as participants in the study A qualitative study was conducted through in-depth interviews as a group-focused research method. About the utilization method of band wrestling in the school physical education, which is the purpose of this study First, In terms of the value of band wrestling as a new sports the exercise effects, game rules, participants and safety aspects were examined. Second, As a the utilization method of using band wrestling in school physical education the aspects of character education, location, intrigueresting, school violence prevention were investigated. Based on this, I would like to present basic data on how to use band wrestling in school physical education.
Does Using a Mindfulness App Reduce Anxiety and Worry? A Randomized-Controlled Trial
Authors: Abbott Deah , Lack Caleb W. , Anderson Page
Published: February 2023

Objectives:the availability of smartphone-based mindfulness training applications (apps) may circumvent many barriers to receiving in-person help, but little controlled research has been conducted on them. This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a widely used ­mindfulness training app, Headspace, at reducing anxiety and worry.Methods:this study used a randomized-controlled design to examine the app using a 3 (Time; baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks) × 2 (Access; immediate, delayed for 4 weeks) design. Participants who reported moderate to high anxiety or worry were randomly assigned to receive ­either ­immediate access or delayed access to the app. For null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), analyses of variance were used to test the hypotheses that app access for 4 and 8 weeks would reduce anxiety and worry as compared to waitlist or baseline and that app access for 8 weeks would reduce anxiety and worry as compared to 4 weeks. Bayes estimates were used to ­determine the level of evidence for the hypothesis that app access reduces anxiety and worry.Results:four weeks of app access significantly reduced anxiety symptoms, as did 8 weeks, but NHST indicated there were no significant difference between 4 and 8 weeks of access. We failed to reject the null for the analysis of variance on worry, but Bayesian estimates indicated substantial evidence for the hypothesis that the mindfulness training app reduces worry.Conclusions:this research shows that using Headspace can reduce anxiety and worry, but that there does not appear to be a consistent dose relation.
Mexican Sphenoid Sinus Radiological Anatomy: High Risk Anatomy for Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Argandar Agustín Dorantes
Published: February 2023

Background: We present a detailed description of the radiological anatomy of the sphenoid sinus and neurovascular structures that surround it from an endoscopic endonasal skull base surgical perspective and in an exclusively Mexican patient population. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 500 patients form the Neurosurgery Patient Database at the Specialties Hospital of the 21st Century National Medical Center. Inclusion criteria were minimum age of 18 years old, availability of fine cut CT with skull base reconstruction, absence of skull base pathology, trauma, and radiological artifacts or distortion at the area of study. Results: These 500 patients have a sphenoid sinus with predominant sagittal post-sellar type and coronal pre-rotundum type pneumatization patterns, single intrasinus septae with predominant posterior insertion over the internal carotid arteries, intrasinus non visible carotid artery prominences, thinned carotid canal bony thickness, intrasinus non visible optic nerve prominences, and thinned optic canal bony thickness. Conclusion: Our study suggests that Mexican patients have a well pneumatized sphenoid sinus with few visible neurovascular landmarks and thin bone coverings over the internal carotid arteries and optic nerves. This may increase the risk for optic nerve or internal carotid artery injury during endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. We believe this information will be useful for effective preoperative planning and safe surgical execution during endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery in Mexican patients.
Assessment of two condensation particle counters (CPCs) in photometric mode for high concentration exhaust emission measurements
Authors: Giechaskiel Barouch , Melas Anastasios , Mamakos Athanasios
Published: February 2023

Condensation particle counters (CPCs) use light scattering to count particles after they have grown to micron size in a supersaturated environment. In single counting mode each particle is counted depending on whether the scattered light exceeds a threshold value or not. In photometric mode the total scattered light is converted in particle number concentration. While for laboratory grade particle number systems, CPCs are allowed to operate only in single counting mode, there is no such requirements for portable emissions measurements systems (PEMS) for real-driving emissions (RDE) testing or for instruments for periodic technical inspection (PTI) of vehicles. In this study two CPCs of the same model were assessed in single counting and photometric modes with silver and graphite particles with sizes ranging from 10 nm to 100 nm. The results showed that the concentration was measured accurately enough for particles in the 25 nm to 50 nm size range, but was underestimated and overestimated for smaller and larger particles, respectively. The key message is that the photometric mode should be avoided or calibrated in function of concentration and particle size.