bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POPULATION GENETIC DIVERSITY OF CAMELLIA DILINHENSIS ON THE DI LINH PLATEAU OF VIETNAM REVEALED BY ISSR AND SCOT MARKERS
Authors: Le Ngoc Trieu , Thai Thach Bich , Nguyen Van Ket
Published: March 2022

Genetic diversity of naturally distributed Camellia dilinhensis populations on the Di Linh plateau of Vietnam was assessed by the inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT) techniques separately and then by combining data from both techniques for satisfactory results. The genetic diversity parameters and genetic distances among individuals found with the ISSR technique (HeI = 0.1420, II = 0.2092, PPBI = 35.22%, GSCsI = 0.765–0.988, and AGSCI = 0.915) are lower than those found with the SCoT technique (HeS = 0.2100, IS = 0.381, PPBS = 52.27%, GSCsS = 0.644–0.985, and AGSCS = 0.866). Based on the combined data from both techniques, the level of genetic diversity of the investigated population is PPB = 43.77%, He = 0.1720, I = 0.2582, and the genetic similarities among individuals are GSCs = 0.764–0.973 with an average of AGSC = 0.894. The SCoT technique differentiated between individuals better and reflected a higher level of genetic diversity in the population than the ISSR technique, but the ISSR technique revealed more loci in Camellia dilinhensis plants than did the SCoT technique.
Analisis Pentingnya Keterampilan Proses Sains terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis di SMA Se-Kecamatan Pemayung
Authors: Agnes Aktapianti Br. Ginting  , Darmaji Darmaji , Dwi Agus Kurniawan
Published: March 2022

Keterampilan proses sains sangat penting dikuasai siswa untuk membantu meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pentingnya keterampilan proses sains terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif. Populasi yang digunakan yaitu guru di SMA N 8 Batanghari dan Man 5 Batanghari dengan sampel yang digunakan yaitu guru Fisika di SMA N 8 Batanghari dan MAN 5 Batanghari. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu lembar wawancara
GROWTH MINDSET: A PATHWAY TO SUCCESS
Authors: Advani Vinita , Lilani Sunita
Published: March 2022

21st century is the period of challenges and competitions for our students. The main purpose of education is to give better learning to our students. Rightly said by Albert Einstein that Education is not the learning of facts, but training of mind to think. The review of related literature suggests how a growth mindset is instrumental in student’s academic performance. Since long we have been trying to look for various methods and strategies for better learning, but actually it is the belief in the capacity of an individual to learn and grow. Belief in learning is more important than the capacity to learn. It is the mindset of a student that has the great influence on learning. There is a need to understand the relationship between learning and brain training. This paper attempts to explore about our mindset, fixed mindset and growth mindset, the difference between both the types of mindsets and the strategies to develop a growth mindset which is helping immensely in creating successful citizens of a nation.
ON REVISITING PATRIOTISM AND NATIONALISM IN SHREE AUROBINDO’S BAJI PRABHOU
Authors: Raviya Hitesh , Surve Anshu
Published: March 2022

Uprisings, battles, and wars define patriotism and nationalism, whether it is the Mughals conquering India or the assertion and spread of British colonial control in India. When a group of people living in a geographical location wants to be free, self-reliant, and self-sufficient, the discussions about patriotism and nationalism seem insignificant. Despite the fact that there is no universal definition of patriotism and nationalism, Gramschi's assertion of power at numerous levels gives the government apparatus (Althusser) the right to create and designate the history of a country or a nation. The annals of Indian patriotism have been marginalised, subordinated not just by the Moghuls but also by the British, problematizing historiography of patriotism and nationalism in pre-British India. In this context, the article revisits patriotism and nationalism in Shree Aurobindo’s Baji Prabhou.
Implementation of Standard Operating Procedures for Patient Care
Authors: Sako Umar , Lababa Zulkarnain
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the application of standard operating procedures for patient care in the emergency room of dr. MM. Dunda Limboto, Gorontalo District. The research method used is a qualitative research approach with descriptive research type. The results showed that the Application of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for Patient Services in the IGD RSUD dr. MM. In general, Dunda Limboto Gorontalo District has not been implemented optimally. This can be seen from the 7 SOP indicators, only 4 have been implemented properly. As for the results of the research on these indicators are: 1) the procedure for registering patients in the ER has not been running optimally, 2) the procedure for receiving patients in the patient reception room has not been optimally carried out, 3) The doctor prepares for the examination including: Patient preparation , tools, washing hands and wearing PPE, the results of the study found that this procedure was carried out well, 4) The doctor carried out the examination including: history taking, physical examination and checking the patient's vital signs, supporting examinations, had not been carried out properly, 5) The doctor determined the diagnosis meanwhile, it has been carried out properly, 6) The doctor determines the treatment and medical action on the patient, this procedure has been carried out in accordance with the SOP, and 7) The doctor observes and evaluates the results of treatment or action, this procedure has been carried out in accordance with the existing SOP.
Inventory Management and Competitive Advantage of Contemporary Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Sule Olatunji Eniola , Oshi Joseph E. O.
Published: March 2022

This study examined the impact of inventory management in contemporary manufacturing firms in Nigeria. This was done in relation to how effective and efficient inventory management can be used to achieve a competitive advantage in any sector such manufacturing firm may belong. This study being both exploratory and theoretical, there was critical review of inventory management and competitive advantage. The study concluded that in pursuing cost leadership and differentiation as corporate strategies, inventory management must be effective and efficient. There were recommendations based on the findings, that manufacturing firms should be proactive on issues relating to production, creation of a distinct functional department in charge of inventory management and the consideration of the use of scientific approach to inventory management.
Midwife and Shaman Partnership Relationship with MCH Service Coverage in the Work Area of the West Limboto Health Center
Authors: Ishak Fifi , Nurdin St Surya Indah , Asikin Zulaika F
Published: March 2022

The cooperation between midwives and traditional birth attendants is referred to as a partnership between midwives and traditional birth attendants. In order to promote the health of mothers and newborns, it must be mutually advantageous for all parties and built on the principles of openness, equality, and mutual confidence. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the collaboration interaction between midwives and traditional delivery attendants in the context of the enhancement of maternal and infant health services at West Limboto Health Center in Uganda, Africa. In this study, a cross-sectional research strategy using the Chi Square test was employed. The sampling approach used in this research was incidental sampling, which is to say, the technique of determining samples was used. The findings indicated that the Chi Square test was 0.005 or the p value was less than 0.005, which led to the conclusion that there was a link between midwives and traditional delivery attendants in order to promote the health of mothers and newborns.
Analysis of Factors that Influence the Work Accidents on Health Center Staff of Matang Pudeng
Authors: Aryanti Siti , Utami Tri Niswati , Aini Nur
Published: March 2022

This study aims at investigating the effect of supervision, OHS training, availability of PPE, work units and standard operating procedures on work accidents of staff at Matang Pudeng Health Center. This research is a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional approach. The population was all staff of Matang Pudeng Health Center amount 82 people and all was sampled by total sampling. Analysis of the data used univariate, bivariate and multivariate. The results of the chi square test showed that supervision has no effect on work accidents, OHS training has no effect on work accidents, the availability of PPE has no effect on work accidents, work units have no effect on work accidents and SOPs have no effect on work accidents. Logistic regression test showed that the most influential variable on work accidents was SOP. The conclusion of this study is that supervision, OHS training, availability of PPE and SOPs simultaneously affect work accidents. Scheduling its supervision, providing a special budget for the provision of PPE, and giving sanctions to workers who do not work according to procedures. Logistic regression test showed that the most influential variable on work accidents was SOP. The conclusion of this study is that supervision, OHS training, availability of PPE and SOPs simultaneously affect work accidents. It is suggested to the Health Center to do the OHS socialization, scheduling its supervision, providing a special budget for the provision of PPE, and giving sanctions to workers who do not work according to procedures.
Distribution of Chlorophil-A and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) on Operation of Payang Catching Equipment in Gorontalo Bay Waters
Authors: Asruddin Asruddin , Jufri Ady , Djau Mohamad Sayuti
Published: March 2022

This research was carried out in January - August 2020 with the aim of looking at the temporal and spatial distribution of Chlorophyll-a (CHL-a) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the waters of Gorontalo Bay, their effect on payang catches. The data used in the form of field data and image data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and analysis of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Based on the results of the study, it was found that the existence of payang fishing gear in Gorontalo Bay is in an area that has a high chlorophyll content between the West Season, West-East Transition Season and East Season. The highest average payang catch was found in the West-East transition season compared to other seasons. The West-East transition season has sea surface temperatures between 30.64°C-30.99°C while the density of chlorophyll-a is 0.1701 mg/m3-0.1925 mg/m3.
Comparative Analysis of Mammography Image Segmentation Strategies
Authors: Abed Areej Rebat , Hussein Karim
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer is a serious medical problem that affects women all over the world, and it is one of the most well-known tumors that kill women. The specialists of Breast cancer Prefer to use imaging methods such as a mammography to speed up recovery and reduce the risk of breast cancer. An ROI describe the tumor will be retrieved from the image that is entered to detect a malignant tumor. One of the basic techniques used to classify breast cancer is segmentation. Segmentation may be difficult in the presence of noise, blurring or low contrast. Pre-processing aids in the removal of extraneous data from a picture or the enhancement of image contrast in the early stages. Classification is greatly influenced by segmentation. Recent research have presented automatic and semi-automated segmentation algorithms for extracting the region of interest (ROI), lesions, and masses to check for breast cancer. In this study provides high-level overview of approaches of segmentation, with a focus on mammography images from current research. The datasets that were available were discussed as well as the problems encountered during the segmentation operation for the identification of breast cancer.
Utilization of A Website-Based Industrial Practice Supervision System (Prakerin) During Pandemic
Authors: Supardi Supardi , Amir Alkodri Ari , Sujono Sujono , Rian Chrisna Putra Rendy
Published: March 2022

Increasing the competence of vocational students to be able to enter the field is the first goal for the quality of every major level school. The supervisory system for monitoring field work practices at the agency is to monitor, control the activities and activities of students where the completion of reports is one of the important requirements in implementing field work practices in research places of companies or agencies, this supervision system effort occurs because most students come from regions which is far from home so that it requires boarding and the number of students who commit fraud by not attending / coming to companies or research institutions, especially when the current pandemic is an excuse for students. In this study using the direct field observation method, interviews with external supervisors, laboratory assistants and students, while the implementation uses the PHP programming language and MySQL database. The results of the student supervision system in implementation activities for 3 months which can have a positive impact on the use of supervising teachers, schools and internship students in completing reports during the pandemic.
Selection of the Best Computer Laboratory Assistant Using AHP and Smart Methods
Authors: Alkodri Ari Amir , Supardi Supardi , Isnanto Burham , Kiswanto Kiswanto
Published: March 2022

Computer Laboratory Assistant, abbreviated as ASLAB, includes a Lab Assistant in a Computer Laboratory. ASLAB helps improve service performance in the Computer Laboratory, such as assisting Lecturers when teaching practicum at the Computer Laboratory and assisting in installing software on Student laptops so that the performance of Computer Laboratory services is always good. Problems The Head of the Computer Laboratory has difficulty assessing the comparison of ASLAB with other ASLABs to determine the best or not good performance. The calculation of the final value uses the mean value method so that all criteria are considered to be of equal importance, so we cannot know which criterion is more important. The research objective is to apply the AHP and SMART methods for selecting the best Computer Laboratory Assistant so that it can determine the criteria and ranking weights for the best Computer Laboratory Assistant so that it can be used as a basis for decision making and applied by the Head of the Computer Laboratory in selecting the best Computer Laboratory Assistant.
Augmented Reality Technology for Learning Introduction Media of Various Vegetables Android Based using Unity
Authors: Sirumapea Agustinus , Ramdhan Syaipul , Ferawati Ferawati , Nurrizkiyadi Rio
Published: March 2022

Technological developments are getting faster over time in all fields and in various sectors, one of the fast developments is gadgets. This affects people at various ages who make gadgets as a medium of information and also learning media for children. Early childhood is the most important period in human life. This is because at an early age children are sensitive to receiving external stimuli, so that children must be given educational stimuli to help physical and spiritual growth and development so that children have readiness to enter education at a further level. The application of Augmented Reality for learning media for the introduction of various vegetables aims to make it easier for Kindergarten and PAUD teachers to deliver learning materials for the introduction of various vegetables to children and is also more interactive because there is additional media for Augmented Reality marker cards that can be scanned with a camera. smartphone and take out a 3D object from the shape of a real vegetable. In this application, there are also practice questions that can be done to train children's memory after getting to know 10 kinds of vegetables. This application can be used on smartphones with the Android operating system.
Factors affecting capital adequacy ratio of joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam
Authors: Le Vinh Hoang , Nguyen Anh Hoang , Le Thuy Minh Thi , Cao Vien Bich
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to empirically examine the factors affecting the capital adequacy ratio by using the data collected from the audited financial statements of 24 joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam over the period from 2009 to 2019 and the generalized least squares (GLS) estimation method. The results show that financial leverage, deposits from clients, loans to customers, liquidity, and profitability negatively affect the capital adequacy ratio. In addition, the paper also recognizes that the difference between the actual capital adequacy ratio and the prescribed minimum ones can be explained by the negative influence of bank size, financial leverage, loans to customers, liquidity, and profitability. The study provides empirical evidence and useful information for bank managers to make rational decisions in maintaining and adjusting their level of capital adequacy.
LEGA-C: Analysis of Dynamical Masses from Ionized Gas and Stellar Kinematics at z ∼ 0.8
Authors: Straatman Caroline M. S. , van der Wel Arjen , van Houdt Josha , Bezanson Rachel , Bell Eric F. , van Dokkum Pieter , D’Eugenio Francesco , Franx Marijn , Gallazzi Anna , de Graaff Anna , Maseda Michael , Meidt Sharon E. , Muzzin Adam , Sobral David , Wu Po-Feng
Published: March 2022

We compare dynamical mass estimates based on spatially extended stellar and ionized gas kinematics (M
dyn,* and M
dyn,eml, respectively) of 157 star-forming galaxies at 0.6 ≤ z < 1. Compared with z ∼ 0, these galaxies have enhanced star formation rates, with stellar feedback likely affecting the dynamics of the gas. We use LEGA-C DR3, the highest-redshift data set that provides sufficiently deep measurements of a K

s
-band limited sample. For M
dyn,*, we use Jeans anisotropic multi-Gaussian expansion models. For M
dyn,eml, we first fit a custom model of a rotating exponential disk with uniform dispersion, whose light is projected through a slit and corrected for beam smearing. We then apply an asymmetric drift correction based on assumptions common in the literature to the fitted kinematic components to obtain the circular velocity, assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. Within the half-light radius, M
dyn,eml is on average lower than M
dyn,*, with a mean offset of –0.15 ± 0.016 dex and galaxy-to-galaxy scatter of 0.19 dex, reflecting the combined random uncertainty. While data of higher spatial resolution are needed to understand this small offset, it supports the assumption that the galaxy-wide ionized gas kinematics do not predominantly originate from disruptive events such as star formation–driven outflows. However, a similar agreement can be obtained without modeling from the integrated emission line dispersions for axis ratios q < 0.8. This suggests that our current understanding of gas kinematics is not sufficient to efficiently apply asymmetric drift corrections to improve dynamical mass estimates compared with observations lacking the signal-to-noise ratio required for spatially extended dynamics.
Density Turbulence and the Angular Broadening of Outer Heliospheric Radio Sources at High Latitudes and in the Ecliptic Plane
Authors: Tasnim Samira , Zank Gary. P. , Cairns Iver H. , Adhikari L.
Published: March 2022

Density irregularities are responsible for the scattering of radio waves in the solar wind and astrophysical plasmas. These irregularities significantly affect the inferred physical properties of radio sources, such as size, direction, and intensity. We present here a theory of angular broadening due to the scattering of radio waves by density irregularities that improves the existing formalism used to investigate radio wave scattering in the outer heliosphere and the very local interstellar medium. The model includes an inner scale and both latitudinal and radial dependencies for the density fluctuation spectra and propagation paths for the radiation both near and out of the ecliptic plane. Based on the pickup-ion-mediated solar wind model (PUI model) of Zank et al., we estimate the turbulence and solar wind quantities for the high-latitude fast solar wind. The predictions include the density variance, inner/dissipation scale, velocity correlation length, mean magnetic field, and proton temperature. The density turbulence amplitude is estimated in two ways. First, a simple scaling technique is used to extend the theoretical predictions of the PUI model for the high-latitude wind beyond the heliospheric termination shock. Second, the solar wind and turbulence quantities are calculated near the ecliptic plane using plasma and magnetometer data from the Voyager 2 spacecraft over the period 1977–2018. Based on the turbulence models and observations, we calculate the scattering angle of the radio sources in the high-latitude and near-ecliptic wind. Finally, we compare the numerical results with the analytic predictions from Cairns and Armstrong et al. and the observed source sizes.
Search for Lensing Signatures from the Latest Fast Radio Burst Observations and Constraints on the Abundance of Primordial Black Holes
Authors: Zhou Huan , Li Zhengxiang , Liao Kai , Niu Chenhui , Gao He , Huang Zhiqi , Huang Lu , Zhang Bing
Published: March 2022

The possibility that primordial black holes (PBHs) form some part of dark matter has been considered for a long time but poorly constrained over a wide mass range. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright radio transients with millisecond duration. Their lensing effect has been proposed to be one of the cleanest probes for constraining the presence of PBHs in the stellar-mass window. In this paper, we first apply the normalized cross-correlation algorithm to search and identify candidates for lensed FRBs in the latest public FRB observations, i.e., 593 FRBs, which mainly consist of the first Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment FRB catalog, and then derive constraints on the abundance of PBHs from the null search result of the lensing signature. For a monochromatic mass distribution, the fraction of dark matter made up of PBHs could be constrained to ≤87% for ≥500 M
⊙ at the 95% confidence level by assuming signal-to-noise ratios dependent on the flux ratio threshold for each FRB and that apparently one-off events are intrinsic single bursts. This result would be improved by a factor of 3 when a conventional constant flux ratio threshold is considered. Moreover, we derive constraints on PBHs with a log-normal mass function naturally predicted by some popular inflation models and often investigated with gravitational-wave detections. We find that, in this mass distribution scenario, the constraint from the current public FRB observations is relatively weaker than the one from gravitational-wave detections. It is foreseen that upcoming complementary multimessenger observations will yield considerable constraints on the possibilities of PBHs in this intriguing mass window.
Optical to X-Ray Signatures of Dense Circumstellar Interaction in Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Margalit Ben , Quataert Eliot , Ho Anna Y. Q.
Published: March 2022

Progenitors of core-collapse supernovae (SNe) can shed significant mass to circumstellar material (CSM) in the months to years preceding core collapse. The ensuing SN explosion launches ejecta that may subsequently collide with this CSM, producing shocks that can power emissions across the electromagnetic spectrum. In this work we explore the thermal signatures of dense CSM interaction when the CSM density profile is truncated at some outer radius. CSM with optical depth >c/v (where v is the shock velocity) will produce primarily ∼blackbody optical/UV emission, whereas lower optical depth CSM will power bremsstrahlung X-ray emission. Focusing on the latter, we derive light curves and spectra of the resulting X-ray transients that include a detailed treatment of Comptonization. Due to strong photoelectric absorption, the X-ray light curve is dominated by the postinteraction phase that occurs after the shock reaches the CSM truncation radius. We treat this regime here for the first time. Using these results, we present the phase space of optical, UV, and X-ray transients as a function of CSM properties, and discuss detectability prospects. We find that ROSAT would not have been sensitive to CSM X-ray transients but that eROSITA is expected to detect many such events. Future wide-field UV missions such as the Ultraviolet Transient Astronomy Satellite will dramatically enhance sensitivity to large optical depth CSM configurations. Finally, we present a framework within which CSM properties may be directly inferred from observable features of X-ray transients. This can serve as an important tool for studying stellar mass loss using SN X-ray detections.
Measurement of Galactic 26Al with the Compton Spectrometer and Imager
Authors: Beechert Jacqueline , Siegert Thomas , Tomsick John A. , Zoglauer Andreas , Boggs Steven E. , Brandt Terri J. , Gulick Hannah , Jean Pierre , Kierans Carolyn , Lazar Hadar , Lowell Alexander , Roberts Jarred M. , Sleator Clio , von Ballmoos Peter
Published: March 2022

The Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) is a balloon-borne compact Compton telescope designed to survey the 0.2–5 MeV sky. COSI’s energy resolution of ∼0.2% at 1.8 MeV, single-photon reconstruction, and wide field of view make it capable of studying astrophysical nuclear lines, particularly the 1809 keV γ-ray line from decaying Galactic 26Al. Most 26Al originates in massive stars and core-collapse supernova nucleosynthesis, but the path from stellar evolution models to Galaxy-wide emission remains unconstrained. In 2016, COSI had a successful 46 day flight on a NASA superpressure balloon. Here, we detail the first search for the 1809 keV 26Al line in the COSI 2016 balloon flight using a maximum-likelihood analysis. We find a Galactic 26Al flux of (8.6 ± 2.5) × 10−4 ph cm−2 s−1 within the Inner Galaxy (∣ℓ∣ ≤ 30°, ∣b∣ ≤ 10°) with 3.7σ significance above background. Within uncertainties, this flux is consistent with expectations from previous measurements by SPectrometer on INTEGRAL (SPI) and the Compton Telescope on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (COMPTEL). This analysis demonstrates COSI’s powerful capabilities for studies of γ-ray lines and underscores the scientific potential of future compact Compton telescopes. In particular, the next iteration of COSI as a NASA Small Explorer satellite has recently been approved for launch in 2025.
An Ultraluminous Supersoft Source in a Dwarf Galaxy of A85: An Intermediate-mass Black Hole Candidate
Authors: Mićić Marko , Irwin Jimmy A. , Lin Dacheng
Published: March 2022

We study a large sample of dwarf galaxies using archival Chandra X-ray observations, with the aim of detecting accreting intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs). IMBHs are expected to inhabit dwarf galaxies and to produce specific signatures in terms of luminosity and X-ray spectra. We report the discovery of an X-ray source associated with an A85 dwarf galaxy that fits the IMBH description. The stellar mass of the host galaxy is estimated to be 2 × 108
M
⊙, which makes it one of the least massive galaxies to potentially host an accreting black hole. The source is detected in the soft band, under 1 keV, and is undetected at higher energies. The X-ray luminosity is ≈1041 erg s−1, making it almost three orders of magnitude more luminous than the most luminous stellar-mass supersoft emitters. From the galaxy stellar mass versus black hole mass relation, we estimate the mass to be within the intermediate regime. Another method that resulted in an intermediate mass relies on the fact that supersoft emission is expected to be associated with high accretion rates, approaching the Eddington limit. We suggest that the observed offset of the X-ray source from the galactic center (≈1.8 kpc) is due to galaxy interactions, and we present evidence from the literature that supports the relation between black hole activity and galaxy interactions.
Compositional Mapping of Europa Using MCMC Modeling of Near-IR VLT/SPHERE and Galileo/NIMS Observations
Authors: King Oliver , Fletcher Leigh N. , Ligier Nicolas
Published: March 2022

We present maps of surface composition of Europa’s anti-Jovian hemisphere acquired using high spatial resolution IFU multispectral data from the SPHERE instrument on the Very Large Telescope (0.95–1.65 μm) and the NIMS instrument on the Galileo orbiter (0.7–5.2 μm). Spectral modeling was performed using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to estimate endmember abundances and to quantify their associated uncertainties. Modeling results support the leading–trailing hemisphere difference in hydrated sulfuric acid abundances caused by exogenic plasma bombardment. Water-ice grains are found to be in the 100 μm–1 mm range, with larger grains present on the trailing hemisphere, consistent with radiation-driven sputtering destroying smaller grains. Modeling best estimates suggest a mixture of sulfate and chlorinated salts, although uncertainties derived from the MCMC modeling suggest that it is difficult to confidently detect individual salt abundances with low spectral resolution spectra from SPHERE and NIMS. The high spatial resolution offered by SPHERE allows the small-scale spatial distribution (<150 km) of potential species to be mapped, including ground-based detection of lineae and impact features. This could be used in combination with other higher spectral resolution observations to confirm the presence of these species.
Novel Copolymer Cationic from Agroindustrial Waste using Microwave
Authors: Yushananta Prayudhy , Ahyanti Mei
Published: March 2022

Background. A cationic copolymer has been developed as a substitute for synthetic coagulants, resulting in decreased pH, potential health problems, high costs, and large sludge volumes.
Aim. This study evaluated the potential of banana pith in several treatments as a natural coagulant to reduce turbidity, COD, and color.
Methods. The synthesis was carried out by inserting the cationic moiety of GTA (3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) into the starch backbone by microwave radiation.
Resulth. It has been found that the floculation characteristics depend on the charge neutralization, followed by the linkage between the copolymer chains. The results showed that the initial dose and concentration influenced the copolymer's flocculation performance.
Conclusions. Natural polysaccharides can be modified becomes an effective flocculation material for treating clean water and wastewater
The Effect of Education Using Snakes and Ladders Board Game on Healthy Snacks Selection of Elementary School Students
Authors: Thaha Ridwan Mochtar , Farid Juztika Andriani , Rachmat Muhammad , Manyullei Syamsuar , Nasir Sudirman
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Primary school age is the stage where the child is in a formal operational state, where the child is able to think and reason logically and draw conclusions from existing information..
AIM: This study determined the effect of education using snake and ladder media (ular tangga) on the selection of healthy snacks in an elementary school students. The effect see on students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. The study used Quasi Experiment, One group pretest and posttest without control group. The research variables were knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of students towards the selection of healthy snacks. This research was conducted in March 2020 at an Elementary School in Makassar City, Indonesia.
METHODS: The sampling method was simple random sampling with a sample size of 79 students. Data collection tools were using questionnaires and educational media for snakes and ladders. The analysis was carried out descriptively on each variable with an analysis of the frequency distribution and testing the differences before and after the intervention using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.
RESULTS: The result of this study showed that the mean of knowledge about health snack selection among student before education with ular tangga is 6.34 increasing to 7.18 after education with ular tangga. Mean of attitude about health snack selection among student before education with ular tangga is 53.92 increasing to 55.43 after education with ular tangga. Mean of behavior health snack selection among student before education with ular tangga is 9.35 increasing to 9.77 after education with ular tangga. Based on the Wilcoxon test, the p-value is obtained for each variable (p<0.05); knowledge (p=0.000), attitude (p=0.009), and behavior (p=0.001).
CONCLUSION:  Education using snake and ladder media has an influence on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of Elementary School students.
 
Key words: Education, snake and ladder media, healthy snacks, elementary school students, Indonesia.
A confirmed feeding attempt by the haematophagous horse fly Philoliche (Philoliche) rondani (Bertoloni, 1861) (Diptera: Tabanidae) on fresh carrion
Authors: Miller Benjamin , Villet Martin , Midgley John
Published: March 2022

Many flies have specially evolved feeding mechanisms to imbibe liquids of specific viscosities. Observations of feeding on atypical liquids are notable because of their rarity.

We report the first record of intrusive fluid feeding on vertebrate carrion by Philoliche rondani.
Molecular and morphological evidence revalidates Acrobrycon tarijae (Characiformes, Characidae) and shows hidden diversity
Authors: Briñoccoli Yanina F. , Bogan Sergio , Arcila Dahiana , Rosso Juan J. , Mabragaña Ezequiel , Delpiani Sergio M. , de Astarloa Juan Martín Díaz , Cardoso Yamila P.
Published: March 2022

We conducted a revision of the Neotropical genus Acrobrycon. A previous study synonymized the species, A. ipanquianus, distributed from the western portion of the Amazon River to the north-western region of the La Plata River Basin, and A. tarijae, with type locality in the Lipeo River in Bolivia. We revisited this result by collecting new morphometric, meristic, and genetic data (COI mitochondrial gene) for 24 individuals distributed along La Plata River Basin in Argentina, and discussed our results in the context of multiple biogeographic processes of isolation in that basin. Our results revealed a more complex history of diversification and geographic distribution across Acrobrycon species than previously suspected, probably associated with multiple biogeographic processes of isolation in La Plata River Basin. We present new evidence that led us to reconsider the validity of A. tarijae, which is distinguishable from A. ipanquianus by the number of vertebrae (37–39 vs. 41–42) and pleural ribs (12–13 vs. 14). These results were also supported by our molecular analyses that revealed a genetic divergence >4% between A. ipanquianus and A. tarijae. We also identified two main genetic clusters within A. tarijae: the first cluster consisted of specimens from the Bermejo, Pilcomayo, Itiyuro and Juramento river basins (northern Argentina); and the second cluster included specimens from the southernmost basins, such as the Salí River in Tucumán, Cuarto River in the province of Cordoba and the Quinto River in the province of San Luis. Our results suggest that the genetic structure observed in A. tarijae is the result of the type of drainage (endorheic vs. exorheic) and geographical distance.
A new neotenous genus and species, Deltanthura palpus gen. et sp. nov. (Isopoda, Anthuroidea, Paranthuridae) from Japan, with a revised key to the genera in Paranthuridae
Authors: Shiraki Shoki , Shimomura Michitaka , Kakui Keiichi
Published: March 2022

We describe a new paranthurid isopod genus and species, Deltanthura palpusgen. et sp. nov., collected from a depth of 805–852 m off the southern coast of Mie prefecture, Japan. Deltanthura is similar to Pseudanthura Richardson, 1911 in having a triangular pleotelson, acute mandible with a 3-articulate palp, a maxillipedal endite, and a tapering uropodal exopod, but differs in having eyes and neotenous characters (reduced pereonite 7 and pereopods 7 lacking). Deltanthura and four paranthurid genera (Califanthura Schultz, 1977, Colanthura Richardson, 1902, Cruranthura Thomson, 1946, and Cruregens Chilton, 1882) share neotenous characters, but in Deltanthura the mandible is acute, with a 3-articulate palp and maxillipedal endites are present. Califanthura minuta Kensley & Heard, 1991 may belong in Deltanthura as they share the triangular pleotelson and tapering uropodal exopod, but we refrain from transferring it to Deltanthura as its description lacks the other diagnostic characters of Deltanthura. We provide a revised key to all genera in Paranthuridae Menzies & Glynn, 1968.
Many Faces: Addressing Diversity in Health Care
Authors: Campinha-Bacote Josepha
Published: March 2022

Diversity. The changing demographics and economics of our growing multicultural world, and the long-standing disparities in the health status of people from culturally diverse backgrounds has challenged health care providers and organizations to consider cultural diversity as a priority. The purpose of this article is to present a model that will be helpful in providing culturally competent care. The concept of cultural competence is discussed, The Process of Cultural Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services Model is described, and a mnemonic to guide in providing culturally competent care is presented.
Issues Affecting the Health of Older Citizens: Meeting the Challenge
Authors: Bennett Jill , Flaherty-Robb Marna
Published: March 2022

The health of older Americans will become a critical national policy issue during this century. As the population of older adults increases dramatically, there are few signs that adequate resources are available to meet the challenge of providing health care and good quality of life for older adults and their families. A fundamental change in the values emphasized in the American culture, and in other cultures, will be required to change the present health care system from one which focuses on diagnosis and treatment of disease to a system that attends to the major issues that affect quality of life of older adults and their families. This article discusses four critical areas influencing the quality of life of older Americans: providing resources to individuals to help manage chronic medical conditions, assuring a sufficient number of primary health care providers educated in geriatrics and gerontology, removing financial barriers to accessing health care and medications, and changing the American cultural value system that emphasizes disease treatment over providing emotional, educational, and support resources. To make these profound changes in the formal health care system, health care providers, health care organizations, and policy makers must commit to embracing the importance of quality of life as an integral component of health care for older citizens.
Long-term Care Planning for Baby Boomers: Addressing an Uncertain Future
Authors: Edlund Barbara , Lufkin Sylvia , Franklin Barbara
Published: March 2022

The number and proportion of older Americans are rising rapidly and are expected to increase into the middle of the 21st century as Baby Boomers reach age 65. Medicare has been the traditional health care insurance for the elderly. Medicare was enacted in a health care climate of acute care and hospitalization. Chronic disease is the major health care cost of the 21st century with the need for long-term care growing rapidly. Medicare was never designed to pay for long-term care and custodial services. The limited scope of Medicare coverage is a problem now and will be a greater problem in the future. Long-term care is a personal responsibility and requires planning ahead. Nurses offer strategic solutions to meeting present and future needs by serving as educators, advocates, coordinators of resources, and activists working on many levels to influence care for the elderly now and in the future. This article focuses on the origins of traditional health care insurance, current and projected costs of long-term care, the current role of the government and private sector in financing long-term care, and nursing initiatives for the individual and community.
Contributions of the Professional, Public, and Private Sectors in Promoting Patient Safety
Authors: Quigley Evelyn
Published: March 2022

Patient safety has become a national priority. This article discusses the contributions of the professional, public, and private sectors regarding patient safety. Definitions and detailed examination of the issues surrounding patient safety are presented. Ideas to create improved systems for the important issue of patient safety are explored. The opportunity for increased interaction among the various groups has great potential. Health care organizations that exemplify best practices in patient safety will be rewarded by the purchasers of health care and by accreditation agencies. The Leapfrog Group and the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations are leading this effort. Nursing has a major role in leading efforts to find solutions to advance patient safety standards.
Health Systems’ Accountability for Patient Safety
Authors: Keepnews David , Mitchell Pamela
Published: March 2022

Patient safety experts, including the Institute of Medicine Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, have emphasized the need to focus on systems failure as the source of most error in health care. This requires an emphasis on prevention and on health systems’ accountability for error. This article discusses traditional and evolving approaches to systems’ accountability for error. While there are some significant recent developments, such as the JCAHO new Patient Safety Goals, many issues remain about how to determine and enforce systems’ accountability for error. These include identifying what systems will be held accountable for and how accountability will be enforced. While reporting of errors is one route toward accountability, many questions remain regarding the most effective approach toward error reporting. Research on and evaluation of reporting systems and other approaches toward systems’ accountability will be important in moving forward in this area.
Portrait de la professionnalisation en contextes francophones
Authors: Burgat Sandrine , Drouillet Johanna , Geffroy Véronique
Published: March 2022

De nombreux passages de l’histoire des sourds en France montrent combien ils ont été stigmatisés, de tout temps, et de nombreuses représentations négatives circulent encore sur eux, jusque dans les décisions concernant leur éducation. Ainsi, il est rare que des personnes sourdes soient reconnues pour leurs compétences et valorisées par leur expertise et, après avoir aussi été considérées comme inaptes à enseigner, elles peinent à accéder aux fonctions professorales, pas même auprès des élèves sourds. Le présent article retrace les étapes de la professionnalisation des sourds en lien avec la scolarisation des enfants sourds et la formation des enseignants. Il essaie de montrer les enjeux, les avancées et les blocages encore à l’œuvre au XXI e siècle.
Portrait de la professionnalisation en contextes francophones
Authors: Sadiqui Mina
Published: March 2022

Le projet de ce chapitre est d’identifier les paradigmes privilégiés pour qualifier un enseignant professionnel en contexte marocain, et ce en convoquant plusieurs regards. D’abord, on approchera celui des concepteurs des réformes d’enseignants, puis on mettra en valeur le regard des formateurs au sein d’établissements universitaires dédiés à la formation d’enseignants de français. Enfin ce sont les acteurs et les futurs acteurs qui vont faire part de leur conception d’un enseignant professionnel. Les perspectives adoptées avancent chacune des paradigmes prioritaires qui semblent instaurer quelques ruptures et certaines tensions qui pourraient impacter un enjeu stratégique dans la formation professionnalisante, celui qui prend en compte l’importance de la dimension réflexive dans ce processus.
Portrait de la professionnalisation en contextes francophones
Authors: Brudermann Cédric , Aguilar Rio José Ignacio
Published: March 2022

Cet article s’intéresse à la professionnalisation des futurs enseignants de français dit « langue étrangère » (FLE). Le cadre d’appui est un projet franco-allemand de formation. Nous cherchons à mesurer son potentiel à contribuer au développement, chez ces futurs enseignants, d’un bagage de compétences triple : didactique, technique et interculturel. Pour cela, les traces écrites qu’ils ont laissées pour réaliser des tâches à visée (pré) professionnalisante ont servi de corpus. Des analyses quantitatives et qualitatives ont ensuite été conduites, pour apprécier dans quelle mesure le projet a permis (ou non) de valider les objectifs professionnels visés. Après avoir présenté les résultats, nous concluons par une discussion autour du potentiel du projet à répondre aux enjeux actuels en matière de professionnalisation des enseignants de FLE.
Portrait de la professionnalisation en contextes francophones
Authors: Biemar Sandrine , Botty Gaëtan
Published: March 2022

En Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles de Belgique, un nouveau corps de professionnels a vu le jour au sein de l’enseignement : les « Délégués aux Contrats d’Objectifs » (D.C.O.). Ces agents, revêtant un caractère intermédiaire, se rendent dans les écoles pour analyser, évaluer et valider les plans de pilotage demandés par l’Administration. Issus du milieu de l’enseignement où ils ont occupé différents postes, ils sont amenés à modifier leur posture professionnelle. Un programme de formation a dès lors été prévu pour soutenir leur professionnalisation et leur permettre d’incarner le changement au sein du système scolaire. Ce chapitre se propose d’analyser une partie du dispositif de formation en regard du processus de professionnalisation.
Portrait de la professionnalisation en contextes francophones
Authors: Bouhassine Ikram , Ben Ammar Sameh , Belaid Afef
Published: March 2022

La réflexion sur sa pratique est l’une des compétences incontournables de l’enseignant en quête d’amélioration continue. Notre étude qualitative fait ressortir que la démarche réflexive des enseignants universitaires tunisiens porte principalement sur des aspects pédagogiques et didactiques. Elle porte également sur la personne même de l’enseignant. Elle est nécessaire au développement personnel et professionnel et peut être individuelle ou collective. Cependant, la pratique réflexive reste peu structurée et non instrumentée. Ce qui nous conduit à recommander l’introduction de la formation à la réflexivité pour garantir la pérennisation de cette dernière et sa généralisation auprès des enseignants peu réflexifs.
Littératures en langues africaines
Authors: Ndong Louis
Published: March 2022

En écrivant son roman Doomi golo en wolof, Boubacar Boris Diop rejoint le combat des écrivains africains qui ont relevé le défi d’écrire dans une langue africaine. Parmi ces derniers, nous pouvons notamment citer l’écrivain kenyan Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o qui écrit en kikuyu et le poète, dramaturge et essayiste sénégalais Cheik Aliou Ndao, auteur de nombreuses productions littéraires en wolof. Dans Doomi golo , le militantisme linguistique est incarné par quelques personnages précis du récit. Les deux narrateurs parlent et écrivent en wolof tandis que d’autres figures font usage de langues africaines comme le swahili et rejettent l’usage du français comme langue de communication. Derrière le choix du wolof comme langue d’écriture romanesque, s’exprime ainsi le militantisme linguistique panafricain de l’auteur.