bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Broadband plasmonic chiral meta-mirrors
Authors: Whiting Eric B. , Kang Lei , Jenkins Ronald P. , Campbell Sawyer D. , Werner Douglas H.
Published: June 2023

Chiral meta-mirrors provide a unique opportunity for achieving handedness-selective strong light-matter interaction at the nanometer scale. Importantly, the chiral resonances observed in chiral meta-mirrors arise from the spin-dependent resonant cavity which, however, is generally narrowband. In this paper, by exploiting a genetic algorithm (GA) based optimization method, we numerically validate a chiral meta-mirror with octave bandwidth. In particular, in the wavelength range from 1000 to 2000 nm, the proposed chiral meta-mirror strongly absorbs circularly polarized light of one handedness while highly reflecting the other. A field analysis indicates that the observed broadband chiroptical response can be attributed to the multiple chiral resonances supported by the optimized meta-mirror across the band of interest. The observed broadband chiral response confirms the potential of advanced inverse-design approaches for the creation of chiral metadevices with sophisticated functionalities. Based on the Lorentz reciprocity theorem, we show that the proposed meta-mirror can enable chiral-selective broadband second harmonic generation (SHG). Our study indicates that the application of advanced inverse-design approaches can greatly facilitate the development of metadevices with strong chiral response in both the linear and nonlinear regimes.
Climate change knowledge, attitude and perception of undergraduate students in Ghana
Authors: Ofori Benjamin Y. , Ameade Evans P. K. , Ohemeng Fidelia , Musah Yahaya , Quartey Jones K. , Owusu Erasmus H.
Published: June 2023

Anthropogenic climate change is a serious global environmental issue that threatens food and water security, energy production, and human health and wellbeing, ultimately jeopardizing the attainment of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A good understanding of climate change is essential for societies to adapt to or mitigate it. Yet, studies reveal that most people have limited knowledge, misconceptions and misunderstanding about climate change. Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to experience disproportionately higher adverse effects of climate change, but there is paucity of information about climate change knowledge in the region. Here, we assessed climate change knowledge, attitude and perception of undergraduate students in Ghana and the influential factors using a cross-sectional study and semi-structured questionnaire. The study population was full-time undergraduate students at the University of Ghana, Legon. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regressions, t-test and One-Way ANOVA. The results revealed that a strong majority of the respondents believe that climate change is real and largely human-induced, and they expressed concern about it. Yet, students lack basic knowledge and had some misconceptions about the causes and consequences of climate change. The overall knowledge score of the students on climate change was average (66.9%), although majority (92%) of the respondents claimed they had adequate (75–85%) knowledge of climate change. Our data also showed that respondents’ level of education, programme of study, ethnicity, religion and mother’s occupation had statistically significant association with their knowledge, perception and attitude on aspects of climate change. Our findings highlight knowledge gaps in climate change among undergraduate students in Ghana, underscoring the need to integrate climate change science into the education curricula at all levels of pre-tertiary schools and university for both the science and non-science programme.
Health care workers’ self-perceived infection risk and COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A mixed methods study
Authors: Nyamuryekung’e Kasusu Klint , Amour Maryam , Mboya Innocent , Ndumwa Harrieth , Kengia James , Njiro Belinda J. , Mhamilawa Lwidiko , Shayo Elizabeth , Ngalesoni Frida , Kapologwe Ntuli , Kalolo Albino , Metta Emmy , Msuya Sia
Published: June 2023

Vaccination is the most cost-effective way of preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) although there was a considerable delay in its institution in Tanzania. This study assessed health care workers’ (HCWs) self-perceived infection risk and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. A concurrent embedded, mixed methods design was utilized to collect data among HCWs in seven Tanzanian regions. Quantitative data was collected using a validated, pre-piloted, interviewer administered questionnaire whereas in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) gathered qualitative data. Descriptive analyses were performed while chi-square test and logistic regression were used to test for associations across categories. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. A total of 1,368 HCWs responded to the quantitative tool, 26 participated in the IDIs and 74 in FGDs. About half of the HCW (53.6%) reported to have been vaccinated and three quarters (75.5%) self-perceived to be at a high risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection. High perceived infection risk was associated with increased COVID-19 vaccine uptake (OR 1.535). Participants perceived that the nature of their work and the working environment in the health facilities increased their infection risk. Limited availability and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) was reported to elevate the perceived infection risks. Participants in the oldest age group and from low and mid-level health care facilities had higher proportions with a high-risk perception of acquiring COVID-19 infection. Only about half of the HCWs reported to be vaccinated albeit the majority recounted higher perception of risk to contracting COVID-19 due to their working environment, including limited availability and use of PPE. Efforts to address heightened perceived-risks should include improving the working environment, availability of PPE and continue updating HCWs on the benefits of COVID-19 vaccine to limit their infection risks and consequent transmission to their patients and public.
Morpho-anatomical determinants of yield potential in Olea europaea L. cultivars belonging to diversified origin grown in semi-arid environments
Authors: Ahmad Iftikhar , Sohail Mohammad , Hameed Mansoor , Fatima Sana , Ahmad Muhammad Sajid Aqeel , Ahmad Farooq , Mehmood Ansar , Basharat Sana , Asghar Ansa , Shah Syed Mohsan Raza , Ahmad Khawaja Shafique
Published: June 2023

Plant performance is mainly estimated based on plant architecture, leaf features and internal microstructural changes. Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a drought tolerant, oil yielding, and medium sized woody tree that shows specific structural and functional modifications under changing environment. This study was aimed to know the microstructural alteration involving in growth and yield responses of different Olive cultivars. Eleven cultivars were collected all over the world and were planted at Olive germplasm unit, Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal (Punjab) Pakistan, during September to November 2017. Plant material was collected to correlate morpho-anatomical traits with yield contributing characteristics. Overall, the studied morphological characters, yield and yield parameters, and root, stem and leaf anatomical features varied highly significantly in all olive cultivars. The most promising cultivar regarding yield was Erlik, in which plant height seed weight and root anatomical characteristics, i.e., epidermal thickness and phloem thickness, stem features like collenchymatous thickness, phloem thickness and metaxylem vessel diameter, and leaf traits like midrib thickness, palisade cell thickness a phloem thickness were the maximum. The second best Hamdi showed the maximum plant height, fruit length, weight and diameter and seed length and weight. It also showed maximum stem phloem thickness, midrib and lamina thicknesses, palisade cell thickness. Fruit yield in the studied olive cultivars can be more closely linked to high proportion of storage parenchyma, broader xylem vessels and phloem proportion, dermal tissue, and high proportion of collenchyma.
Low skeletal muscle mass index and all-cause mortality risk in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Wang Yahai , Luo Donglin , Liu Jiahao , Song Yu , Jiang Binggang , Jiang Haichao
Published: June 2023

Objective

The relationship between low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and all-cause mortality risk in the general adults remains unclear. Our study was conducted to examine and quantify the associations between low SMI and all-cause mortality risks.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for primary data sources and references to relevant publications retrieved until 1 April 2023. A random-effect model, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were conducted using STATA 16.0.

Results

Sixteen prospective studies were included in the meta-analysis of low SMI and the risk of all-cause mortality. A total of 11696 deaths were ascertained among 81358 participants during the 3 to 14.4 years follow-up. The pooled RR of all-cause mortality risk was 1.57 (95% CI, 1.25 to 1.96, P < 0.001) across the lowest to the normal muscle mass category. The results of meta-regression showed that BMI (P = 0.086) might be sources of heterogeneity between studies. Subgroup analysis showed that low SMI was significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in studies with a body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 to 25 (1.34, 95% CI, 1.24–1.45, P<0.001), 25 to 30 (1.91, 95% CI, 1.16–3.15, P = 0.011), and over 30 (2.58, 95% CI, 1.20–5.54 P = 0.015).

Conclusions

Low SMI was significantly associated with the increased risk of all-cause mortality, and the risk of all-cause mortality associated with low SMI was higher in adults with a higher BMI. Low SMI Prevention and treatment might be significant for reducing mortality risk and promoting healthy longevity.
Large Esophageal Intramural Hematoma After Solid Food Ingestion in a Patient Without Identifiable Inherited or Acquired Coagulopathy
Authors: Ladna Michael , George John
Published: June 2023

We present the case of an elderly man without any significant medical history and not on any anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy who presented with severe epigastric abdominal and substernal chest pain shortly after eating a baguette. He was found to have a large 15 cm dissecting intramural hematoma of the esophagus. He was managed conservatively with proton pump inhibitors. He remained stable throughout his hospitalization without evidence of an acute blood loss anemia and was discharged home. Repeat esophagogastroduodenoscopy 8 weeks after discharge showed a 5 mm scar with complete resolution of the dissecting intramural hematoma of the esophagus.
Tacrolimus-Induced Esophageal and Colon Ulcers
Authors: Vazquez-Reyes Raul , Yeoh Aaron , Kamal Afrin
Published: June 2023

We report a case of a 44-year-old woman with a history of orthotopic heart transplant on tacrolimus (TC) for immunosuppression who developed large-volume hematochezia. She was found to have a large mid-esophageal ulcer and several large colon ulcers. Biopsies showed granulation tissue and inflammatory debris without an identifiable culprit. Extensive workup was performed, including for infectious causes, which was unrevealing. TC was ultimately considered to be a possible culprit, and after stopping it, all her symptoms improved. We suggest considering TC as the possible cause of gastrointestinal ulcers if no other culprit can be identified.
3er. Informe de actividades. Dr. Manuel Suárez Lastra
Authors: Suárez Lastra Manuel
Published: June 2023

3er. Informe de actividades del director del Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Dr. Manuel Suárez Lastra (2022)
Narrativas e imagens na/da/com a ‘docênciapesquisaextensão’
Authors: Alves Nilda
Published: June 2023

O começo de qualquer história é decidido por quem a conta ou a escreve. Num exemplo: a história de Chapeuzinho Vermelho começa quando ela já pode atravessar a floresta sozinha, mesmo se sabendo da existência do Lobo Mal.Começo, assim, esta minha história no ano de 1949. Tinha seis anos, feitos em setembro do ano anterior, e acabara de aprender a escrever meu nome. Meu pai e minha mãe, que pertenciam ao Partido Comunista Brasileiro (PCB), então na ilegalidade, passavam pela família um abaixo-assinado a favor da paz e contra as armas atômicas. Vendo esse movimento, num dia de festa, na família materna, perguntei: eu posso assinar? Papai me estendeu a folha de papel e eu assinei meu nome, com todo o cuidado que só temos aos seis anos de idade.
Creio que este começo me foi sugerido, neste momento tão difícil deste mundo, em que as grandes potências voltaram a se ameaçar e a nos ameaçar com as bombas atômicas que possuem.
É desse acontecimento comum, cotidiano, que existe – como em todo ato humano - em suas dimensões éticas, estéticas, políticas e poéticas, aquele de que quero partir para narrar a minha história.
Ela terá três direções: 1) minha ‘atuaçãoformação’ como docente, da escola básica à pós-graduação; 2) minha ‘atuaçãoformação’ como pesquisadora, do curso de Geografia, na Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia/Universidade de Brasil ao doutorado e pós-doutorado desenvolvido na França e com minha atuação em duas universidades localizadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro – a Universidade Federal Fluminense e a Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; 3) minha ‘atuaçãoformação’ política no campo da Educação, com os exercícios de dirigente em algumas associações e a militância acadêmica diversa nessas mesmas associações.
Cabe explicar, para poder continuar, porque escrevi ‘docênciapesquisaextensão’ no título do texto. Há muito, desenvolvendo trabalhos nos/dos/com os cotidianos, percebemos que as dicotomias criadas, necessariamente, para fazer surgir as ciências na Modernidade (DARNTON, 1986) estavam criando limites ao que precisávamos criar com nossos processos de ‘docênciapesquisaextensão’. Para nos lembrar sempre disso – da forte formação que temos no pensamento da Modernidade e seus processos – começamos a escrever juntos e em itálico, os termos antes dicotomizados. As aspas simples apareceram depois que alguns editores “corrijiam’ para prática-teoria, o modo como escrevíamos: práticateoria.
Hoje, ampliamos bem este uso, para mostrar, por exemplo, processos concomitantes que realizamos nas pesquisas que desenvolvemos – ‘verouvirsentirpensar’ um filme ou ‘docênciapesquisaextensão’, como aparece no título deste texto.
Depicting the Underground River Systems in Karst Mountains of Buayan and Ayah Subdistricts Using GGMPlus Data and Springs Distribution
Authors: Wibawa Agung , Fauzatun Siti
Published: June 2023

The karst mountain area in Buayan and Ayah subdistricts is a mountainous area that stretches from North to South and ends in the South coast region. In this area, many springs are found which are a source of clean water for residents. The existence of springs in the area is an indicator of the existence of underground rivers flowing under the mountainous area, this is also reinforced by the presence of interconnected caves and the existence of river flows in these caves. Analysis the presence of underground river flows in the Karst mountain area in the study area can be identified by looking at the type of rock formations that dominate the area. The density contrast shown through the residual gravity data also shows changes in rock formations related to the presence of water sources in the study area. GGMPlus data was obtained from forward modeling in order to get a residual map. This study shows that rock formations in the Karst area in the study area conform to the topographical shape.
Degradasi Lahan dan Implikasinya terhadap Rencana Pola Ruang di Daerah Dataran Tinggi
Authors: Rengganis Hiranya , Rudiarto Iwan
Published: June 2023

Land degradation is a phenomena of the decreasing in land use function, potential use and irreplaceable organism. Many causes result in land degradation such as soil erosion, rain erosion which are all accelerated by human activities example agricultural activity. Increased agricultural activity is caused by an increase in population and also increasing food needs. Land exploitation for agricultural activities result in land degradation such as planting on conservation areas that cause erosion. Kledung Sub-district is one of the regions that practices massive agricultural land use and plants in a conservation land. Practices in Kledung Sub-district have caused floods and soil erosion in Kledung Sub-district in the last few years. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of land degradation that occurred in Kledung Sub-district and its implications for the land use planning to increase awareness of various parties about the dangers of land degradation. This research was conducted primarily by observation and secondary b examining documents about the indicators causing land degradation and conducting descriptive and quantitative analyzes. The quantitative analyze is using RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation). The analysis shows that the majority of erosion according to the Ministry of Forestry is moderate (>60-80 tons/ha/yr) covering1.231,01 Ha and according to Hammer which is very high (>100 tons/ha/yr) covering 469,62 Ha or 12,7% of the total area of Kledung Sub-district with a high level of erosion hazard it is necessary to evaluate the land use planning of Kledung Sub-district so that it can adjust the land use planning and the erosion hazard level in Kledung Sub-district.
Penentuan Jaringan Jalan untuk Lajur Pesepeda (Studi Kasus: Kota Semarang)
Authors: Aliyudin Hafidz , Setiadi Rukuh
Published: June 2023

The increase in the population of Semarang City has implications for the rapid increase in the number of motorized vehicles. On that basis, Semarang City Government developed a policy idea with a road network development program for bike lanes as a solution to increase the use of non-motorized vehicles. The lack of supporting infrastructure for bicycle lanes makes the community feel less comfortable, less safe, and less interested when using bicycles on the highway. The purpose of this study is to determine the road network for bike lane in Semarang city. The method used is a mixed method with descriptive analysis and overlay analysis. The results of this study stated that the road network for bicycle lanes in Semarang City more suitable for recreation and sports, the road network zone for bicycle lane in Semarang City divided is five priorities, and the suitability of the road network zones for bicycle lanes and the bicycle road network plan shows there are 16 suitable road networks out of 19 planned road networks.
Perubahan Kualitas Jalan Permukiman Kumuh Di Kelurahan Tegalsari Kota Tegal
Authors: Dewi Anggun Kumala , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: June 2023

The existence of slums in urban areas can hamper the growth of a city because it is considered to trigger a gap both social and economic, so the need for handling the slum conditions. Slum settlement handling activities are a concern of the central government at this time, one of which is in Tegalsari Urban Village, Tegal City. In 2014, Tegalsari Urban Village had a slum area of 31.43 hectares with slum points in 5 (five) RWs. The slum treatment activity in this kelurahan has been going on for 4 years which includes the improvement of environmental facilities and infrastructure. In 2019, the slum area in Tegalsari Urban Village will be reduced to 4.91 hectares. This indicates a change in the quality of the slums. Against this background, the purpose of this study is to analyze changes in the quality of slums in Tegalsari Urban Village, Tegal City, which are limited to aspects of the road environment. The method used in this study is a quantitative research method using a questionnaire with a sample of 92 households. The analysis used includes descriptive statistical analysis and scoring analysis. The results showed that there was an increase in the quality of road aspects in the Tegalsari slums which was proven by scoring. The quality of roads in this area was previously included in the medium category. The quality is improved after handling into a good category. The quality improvement has an impact on the mobility of the local community which makes the community more often use the neighborhood road in the slums of Tegalsari Urban Village.
Faktor-Faktor Tempat Tinggal Bagi Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah Di Kelurahan Pudak Payung
Authors: Firdaus Aditya Zulfikar , Rahdriawan Mardwi
Published: June 2023

Housing and settlements are problems that develop in line with population growth increasing residential needs. Along with the increasing demand for land for residential development, there is also land value development.  Besides, these problems also result in a reduced empty area that can be used for housing and makes land prices more expensive. So, a low-income community's limitations in obtaining livable houses causing them to have gotten houses independently. Self-help houses built by a low-income community are identical to uninhabitable homes because they ignore aspects of livable standards. This study aims to determine the factors that affect a low-income neighbourhood in residence regarding a low-income neighbourhood's characteristics. The method used is quantitative and uses descriptive analysis techniques and crosstabs analysis. The results of this study indicate that what affects the low-income community living in the Pudak Payung Village are environmental comfort factors with a value of 91%, accessibility with an amount of 55%, waste with a value of 93%, electricity with an amount of 54% and clean water with an amount of  100%. While the analysis that has a relationship based on the chi-square test is the accessibility with 0.049, electricity with education is 0.01, and heat with income is 0.00.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Kegiatan Bank Sampah Sempulur Asri di RW 05 Kelurahan Gedawang
Authors: Rahmananda Taufan , Widjonarko Widjonarko
Published: June 2023

Pertumbuhan penduduk akan mempengaruhi adanya sebuah aktivitas sehingga memiliki dampak berupa peningkatan konsumsi yang akan menimbulkan peningkatan produksi sampah. Sampah merupakan permasalahan yang sangat kompleks. Pembuangan sampah di kota-kota besar menjadi masalah dengan kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi. Permasalahan ini timbul karena besarnya volume sampah. Tingginya angka kepadatan penduduk tersebut tentu berpengaruh terhadap volume sampah yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas-aktivitas penduduk  yang dilakukan. Permasalahan di bank sampah Sempulur asri yaitu tingkat partisipasi masyarakat yang kurang optimal dikarenakan berbagai faktor dari masyarakat itu sendiri atau dari hal yang lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan bank sampah di RW 05 Kelurahan gedawang. Sasaran yang ingin di capai dalam penelitian yaitu: pertama mengidentifikasi faktor eksternal dalam pengolahan sampah rumah tanga, kedua mengidentifikasi faktor internal dalam pengolahan sampah rumah tangga dan yang ketiga menentukan faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan bank sampah di Kelurahan Gedawang. Data di kumpulkan melalui observasi dan kuesioner. Output yang dihasilkan dari faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan bank sampah di RW 05 Kelurahan Gedawang yaitu faktor pendidikan, usia, jenis kelamin, ketersediaan waktu luang, pengetahuan, petugas bank sampah, syarat menjadi nasabah dan jarak rumah dengan bank sampah.
Strategi Pengembangan Potensi Jayengan Kampung Permata Sebagai Kawasan Wisata Budaya di Surakarta
Authors: Angel Josephin Fenatama , Kurniati Rina
Published: June 2023

Kampung Jayengan was formed in the early 19th century, when the royal family asked the jewelers from Martapura to come to Surakarta. Craftsmen were asked to make jewelry for the royal family in collaboration with Chinese ethnic gold entrepreneurs. They settled and married with local residents, so that cultural events took place such as the distribution of ‘Samin’ porridge and "Jarwana" cultural parade”. The Surakarta government established Jayengan as a creative economy industrial area. Constraints that occur: lack of tourism promotion, cultural events only once a year, lack of availability of raw materials, lack of internal support, competition with other industries. The purpose of the research is to make the strategy of tourism development. The study was conducted with interviews and questionnaires to identify activities, authentic values and tourist infrastructure. The identification results are made into a questionnaire variable and then processed into an External Internal Matrix (IE). IE Matrix for Jayengan readiness in cell I, handicraft products in cell IV. It can be concluded that the right strategy is Grow and Build with the development of tourist activities, authentic values and tourist infrastructure. The benefits of this study provide direction in developing strategies for urban villages as tourist destination.
Estimasi Cadangan Karbon Akibat Perubahan Tutupan Lahan di Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Permata Ilyata , Rahayu Sri
Published: June 2023

Greenhouse gas emissions are the main cause of global warming through the Green House Effect event. This occurs due to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions from various emission sources, one of which is land cover change. Land cover on the earth's surface has a fixed carbon stock value that contributes to storing carbon stocks through its absorption capacity. So, if there is a change in land cover from one land cover to another, it will cause the carbon stock of a land cover to change. Research on changes in carbon stocks due to land cover changes were carried out in Kendal Regency. This study uses Landsat image data from 2008, 2013, and 2018. The method used is image interpretation with guided classifications and Stock Difference for calculating changes in carbon stocks. The results obtained from this study are the changes in land cover in Kendal Regency in 2008-2018. The occurrence of land cover conversion will affect the carbon stock stored in each type of land cover in the Kendal Regency. Kendal Regency's carbon stock for 10 years has decreased. In the period 2008-2013, the total decline in carbon stocks was -4,305,193.29 tons C. This situation was caused because land cover in 2008 had more total carbon stock than the total carbon stock in 2013. Meanwhile, in the 2013- period 2018, there was a change in the carbon stock of -1,450,080.51 ton C, where the land cover in 2013 had more total carbon stock compared to the total carbon stock stored in 2018. The difference in total carbon stock in a certain year is influenced by the area of land cover as well as the determination of the carbon stock that each land cover has. The results of calculations regarding the estimated carbon stock in the Kendal Regency can then be considered for stakeholders and policymakers to develop plans and scenarios (land use directions) that support the mitigation of land-based greenhouse gas emissions to address environmental problems.
Hydroxyquinoline sulfanilamide ameliorates STZ-induced hyperglycemia-mediated amyleoid beta burden and memory impairment in adult mice
Authors: Awais Sajid , Shah Shahid Ali , Khan Niamat , Khan Naeem , Jamila Nargis , Nishan Umar , Jan Muhammad Ishtiaq , Hwang In Min , Ali Essam A.
Published: June 2023

The aim of the current study was to evaluate therapeutic potentials of Hydroxyquinoline Sulfanilamide (HSM) for Alzheimer’s disease in a mice model of Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. The antioxidant analysis of mice brain homogenates was carried out by catalase (CAT) assay, reduced glutathione (GSH) assay, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay. Biochemical analysis of blood plasma was conducted by peroxidase (POD) assay and superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay. The expression of mice brain proteins was evaluated using Western Blotting analysis. The administration of HSM increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes including CAT, SOD, GSH, and POD and lowered LPO actions. These findings indicate that STZ may lead to diabetes in mice, followed by hypercholesterolemia, expressed as triglycerides in mice blood. However, HSM significantly decreased STZ-induced hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia in adult albino mice. The data confirmed that HSM lowered STZ-induced oxidative stress, inhibited phosphorylated JNK, NF-kB, and upregulated Nrf-2 to improve and restore the synapse and memory defects in adult albino mice. Conclusively, the current findings suggested that HSM is a safe, novel, and potential drug candidate against metabolic dysfunction and induced cognitive impairment.
Multifractal analysis of temporal and spatial characteristics of earthquakes in Eurasian seismic belt
Authors: Chen Jie , Wen Leying , Bi Chengjue , Liu Zhixin , Liu Xuan , Yin Lirong , Zheng Wenfeng
Published: June 2023

Seismic activity has complexity and randomness, and its temporal and spatial distribution has complexity, stage, level, and inheritance. The study of the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of seismic activity is of great significance to the understanding of the law of seismic activity, such as the law that the time series of seismicity in the seismic belt is consistent with the complexity of geographical structure, the prediction of seismic risk, and other research related to earthquake. This article selects the seismic data catalog of the whole Eurasian seismic belt as the research object. Based on the characteristics of the seismic geological environment and tectonic environment characteristics, the multifractal analysis method is used for the seismic data of the seismic activity directory. The results show that the seismic activity of seismic zones has obvious multifractal structure of complex in time series and spatial scales, which can well reveal the seismic characteristics of seismic activity in time and space. In terms of time series, the study area

D

∞

{D}_{{\rm{\infty }}}

decreases significantly with time and energy before the occurrence of a large earthquake, and the time series of seismic activity in the study area is highly complex and highly correlated with the geological structure. Spatially, the spatial distribution of seismic intensity in the study area is infinite and sparse, showing the characteristics of infinite clustering. Therefore, it can reveal the basic rule of seismic activity effectively and lay a certain theoretical foundation for earthquake prevention and control in this seismic zone.
Freezing and regeneration characteristics of incompletely gelatinized potato starch gels
Authors: Wang Heng , Zeng Jie , Gao Haiyan , Wang Fang , Zhang Keke , Ma Hanjun
Published: June 2023

In this paper, the quick freezing characteristics of incomplete gelatinized potato starch gels with 8 % concentration and its regeneration characteristics were studied. The results showed that the glass transition temperatures of the gel was −4.87 °C. The content of free water (T
24) in the gel decreased gradually during the quick-freezing process, but was still relatively high (80.18 %) when the central temperature reached −3 °C. The gel had not frozen on a large scale at central temperature −3 °C. The gel showed the highese gel strength (60.25 g) and the highest crystallinity (17.24 %) when aged at a low temperature (−3 °C) for 3 days and the gel strength increased with the decrease of storage temperature during aged at −3 °C to 3 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the gel network was relatively intact when the gel stored at −3 °C for 1 day to 3 days.
The crystal structure of (1-(pyridin-2-yl)-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-N-((1-(4-vinylbenzyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)methanamine-κ
4
N,N′,N″,N‴)tris(nitrato-kO,O′)-erbium(III), C29H27ErN8O9
Authors: Wang Hai-Ping , Chen Lu , Liang Jia-Jun , Huang Guo-Peng
Published: June 2023

C29H27ErN8O9, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.6681(2) Å, b = 13.0695(3) Å, c = 14.1408(4) Å, α = 80.130(2)°, β = 86.409(2)°, γ = 75.761(2)°, V = 1529.43(4) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0382, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1110, T = 295 K.
Additive manufactured parts produced by selective laser sintering technology: porosity formation mechanisms
Authors: Morano Chiara , Pagnotta Leonardo
Published: June 2023

Additive manufacturing represents a powerful tool for the fabrication of parts with complex shapes by the deposition and the consolidation of materials as opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodology. Selective laser sintering (SLS), one of the most popular powder bed fusion (PBF) technologies for thermoplastic part production, has demonstrated extensive applications in various industrial sectors. The process involves the deposition of homogeneous powder layers and employs a laser source to selectively melt a powder bed according to a CAD model. Due to its layer-by-layer nature, voids and pores are inevitably introduced in the fabricated thermoplastic parts. Porosity represents one of the major limitations of this technology being one of the main causes of the variation of the mechanical properties. With the intention of providing support for reducing the porosity and thus increasing the quality and performance of the final product, in this paper, a brief review was carried out focusing on the SLS process parameters and their interaction with the porosity of the product. In addition, an in-depth look was given to the mechanisms of formation and consolidation of pores within parts made of polymeric material.
Sepsis-Induced Changes in Spectral Segregation and Kinetics of Hippocampal Oscillatory States in Rats
Authors: Kala Annu , Leemburg Susan , Jezek Karel
Published: June 2023

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a frequent severe complication of sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, associated with high mortality and long-term neurologic consequences in surviving patients. One of the main clinical signs of SAE are discontinuous sleep periods that are fragmented by frequent awakenings. Although this brain state fragmentation strongly impacts the functionality of the nervous and other systems, its underlying network mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this work, we therefore aim to characterize the properties and dynamics of brain oscillatory states in response to SAE in an acute rat model of sepsis induced by high-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 mg/kg). To focus on intrinsically generated brain state dynamics, we used a urethane model that spares oscillatory activity in rapid eye movement (REM)-like and nonrapid eye movement (NREM)-like sleep states. Intraperitoneal LPS injection led to a robust instability of both oscillatory states resulting in several folds more state transitions. We identified opposing shifts in low-frequency oscillations (1–9 Hz) in REM and NREM-like states under influence of LPS. This resulted in increased similarity between both states. Moreover, the state-space jitter in both states increased as well, pointing to higher within-state instability. The reduction of interstate spectral distances in 2-D state space, combined with increased within-state jitter might represent a key factor in changing the energy landscape of brain oscillatory state attractors, and hence lead to altered sleep architecture. Their emergence during sepsis might point to a mechanism underlying severe sleep fragmentation as described both in sepsis patients and SAE animal models.
Role of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 in the regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis
Authors: Xu Zhaoqian , Wang Yiru , Liu Qianqian , Wang Shushu , Sheng Chunxiang , Chen Junmin , Tan Jialin , Wang Xiao , Shao Li , Zhou Libin
Published: June 2023

Excessive hepatic gluconeogenesis partially accounts for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum- and glucocorticoid inducible-kinase 1 (SGK1) is linked to the development of metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. However, the regulatory role of SGK1 in glucose metabolism of liver remains uncertain. Our microarray analysis showed that SGK1 expression was strongly induced by 8-Br-cAMP and suppressed by metformin in primary mouse hepatocytes. Hepatic SGK1 expression was markedly increased in obese and diabetic mice. Metformin treatment decreased hepatic SGK1 expression levels in db/db mice. Inhibition or knockdown of SGK1 suppressed gluconeogenesis in primary mouse hepatocytes, with decreased expressions of key gluconeogenic genes. Furthermore, SGK1 silencing in liver decreased hepatic glucose production in C57BL/6 mice. Knockdown of SGK1 had no impact on CREB phosphorylation level but increased AKT and FoxO1 phosphorylation levels with decreased expressions of transcription factors including FoxO1 and hepatocyte nuclear factors. Adenovirus-mediated expression of dominant-negative AMPK antagonized metformin-suppressed SGK1 expression induced by 8-Br-cAMP. These findings demonstrate that hepatic specific silence of SGK1 might be a potential therapeutic strategy for type 2 diabetes.
Overview of clinical study designs
Authors: Kim Seonwoo
Published: June 2023

The goal of a clinical study is to determine the factors associated with a disease and to assess the efficacy and safety of an investigational drug, procedure, or device. Since clinical study designs vary due to unique requirements of individual studies, the aims of this report are to educate researchers on the different types of studies and to assist researchers in choosing the optimal study type to fulfill their individual requirements. Clinical studies are classified into the two main types, observational studies and clinical trials, depending on the presence or absence of an intervention. Observational studies include case-control studies, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies. Case-control and cohort studies may be prospective or retrospective, and case-control studies may be nested or not. Clinical trials may be pragmatic and may be controlled or noncontrolled; randomized or nonrandomized; open label or blinded; and parallel, crossover, or factorial. These observational and clinical trial designs are reviewed. Each type of clinical study has advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, researchers must consider these in choosing the design best suited for achieving their study objectives.
Implementing youth-oriented policies: A remedy for depopulation in rural regions?
Authors: Schorn Martina
Published: June 2023

The depopulation of rural areas has received increasing attention in recent years, both in scientific discourses and in policy-making. One main factor contributing to this rural shrinkage is the out-migration of the rural population. In particular, young and well-educated people have been leaving rural areas and moving to urban agglomerations. While the drivers as well as the consequences of out-migration have been well researched, less is known about measures to counteract youth outmigration as one of the main drivers of depopulation. Based on a comparative case study conducted in four rural regions affected by youth out-migration in Austria and Germany, this paper discusses policy measures that are specifically targeted at influencing young people’s migration aspirations. In addition, the effects of these measures on rural youth migration are analysed. After implementing measures that take the needs of young people into consideration, all four case study regions started to experience a decrease in their negative youth migration balance. This was mainly due to an increase in in-migration, while youth out-migration rates remained stable. However, these developments follow the general trend of rural youth migration in Austria and Germany in recent years. Thus, more research is needed to evaluate the actual impact of youth-oriented measures. This paper introduces the “youth-oriented regional development” approach, and highlights perspectives for future research on policies aimed at mitigating the challenges facing rural regions that are experiencing depopulation.
Spesifikasi Tafsir dari Masa Sahabat hingga Masa Modern
Authors: Salsabila Hanna
Published: June 2023

Efforts to dig up information about the history of the development of interpretation in terms of periodization, from the time of the Companions to the modern period is part of the aim of the discourse on the science of the Qur'an and interpretation. Then, the method used in this research is qualitative through literature study using a historical approach. This study describes the interpretation of the companion period, the tabi'in period and the modern period. This study concludes that there are differences in the development of interpretation in each period. The characteristic of the interpretation of the Companions period is that it does not interpret all verses and its interpretation is concise. The characteristics of the interpretations of the tabi'in period are the many interpretations that contain information from the scribes, there is fanaticism of the schools of thought, there are several tabi'in who only take interpretations from the desired companions. The hallmark of modern interpretation is interpretation which is linked to the social conditions of people's lives. This research provides constructive aspirations regarding the study of the science of the Qur'an and interpretation which is focused on the historical aspects of its development along with the figures of commentators according to their periodization.
ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN HYDRAULIC PARAMETERS IN A LOWLAND RIVER USING NUMERICAL MODELING
Authors: Wojak Szymon , Strużyński Andrzej ,   Katedra Inżynierii Wodnej i Geotechniki, Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Geodezji, Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. H. Kołłątaja w Krakowie, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Wyrębek Maciej ,   Katedra Inżynierii Wodnej i Geotechniki, Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Geodezji, Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. H. Kołłątaja w Krakowie, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków
Published: June 2023

Aim of the study: River channels are dynamic structures in which fluvial processes leading to equilibrium state between energy of flowing water and the stability of the bed material. The changes of river morphology is difficult to capture using the monitoring tools, however, physical or numerical modeling can be used instead to reflect these natural processes. Objective of the study is to analyze the variability of hydraulic parameters and their impact on morphological changes using numerical modeling of a regulated section of the Nida River. Material and methods: On the basis of field measurements, numerical model of the river was built. In this section, the channel has been strengthened, which enables the process of its restoration. Numerical modeling was carried out for a range of flows from low to an overbank one. Bankfull discharge was determined using the Riley method. Calculations based of modeled parameters made it possible to analyze their impact on the bed dynamics. Results and conclusions: The numerical modeling resutls (average velocity, shear stresses, and water depth) was used to calculate shear velocity, Reynolds Number, Grain Reynolds Number and settling velocity. The lack of clear trends of changes in individual parameters with increasing flows proves the existence of irregular connections between flowing water and riverbed. Changing discharge in the river affects not only the intensity of fluvial processes, but also their location. The bottom morphology created during low flows is completely changed at the passage of high water, as indicated by measurements and simulations of the examined section of the Nida River.
Jay Johnston, Stag and Stone: Religion, Archaeology and Esoteric Aesthetics
Authors: Rothstein Mikael
Published: June 2023

Jay Johnston, Stag and Stone: Religion, Archaeology and Esoteric Aesthetics (Sheffield: Equinox, 2021), 266 pp., £75.00 (hbk), ISBN: 9781781793381.
Efficient and reliable detection of rhodamine B using SERS from silver-decorated photonic crystal silicon nanoscale pores
Authors: Do Thuy Chi  , Nguyen Thuy Van  , Vu Duc Chinh  , Hoang Thi Hong Cam  , Vilaysak Sayyasone  , Pham Thanh Binh  , Bui Huy  , Pham Van Hoi
Published: June 2023

Porous silicon photonic crystal (PSi PhC) decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is shown to provide a new substrate for the improvement of SERS. AgNPs are obtained through immersion of PSi PhC samples in AgNO3 solutions and successive thermal annealing. The nanocomposite material generated by adding AgNPs inside the silicon nanoscale pores, integrates the ability of metal surfaces to amplify Raman scattering signals and an enlarged surface area. Besides, PhC structure formed by multilayer PSi increases interaction time of light and matter of the multilayer structure. The experimental results show that the AgNPs-decorated PSi PhC has the largest Raman intensity in comparison with other SERS substrates based on Si. The enhancement of Raman signals also reduces the threshold of the detection down to below 10-10 M. The analytical enhancement factor of AgNPs/PSi PhC SERS substrate for the detection of Rhodamine B (RhB) reaches 1010. This proposed AgNPs/PSi PhC SERS substrate could serve as a potential candidate for detecting RhB in foodstuffs at very low concentrations.
The late Pleistocene - Holocene sedimentary evolution in the Ba Lat River mouth area of the Red River Delta
Authors: Tran Ngoc Dien , Vu Van Ha , Paszkowski Amelie , Nguyen Minh Quang , Ngo Thi Dao , Nguyen Thi Min , Dang Xuan Tung , Nguyen Chi Dung , Vu Ngoc Tuyen , Nguyen Khanh Tung , Tran Ngoc Huan
Published: June 2023

The Ba Lat estuary is part of the downstream stretch of the Red River Delta, the second-largest Delta in Vietnam and the 12th largest in the world. This study analyses GAT borehole sediments in the Ba Lat estuary area to assess environmental changes during the Late Pleistocene - Holocene period. This entailed detailed analyses of 70 m-deep borehole data from the Ba Lat estuary area, including structural analysis of 70 m-deep sediment core samples, 230 samples of grain size, 49 samples of Foraminifera, five samples of petrographic thin slices, and four samples of radiocarbon dating.

The data reveal nine sedimentary facies, including river channel sand facies, floodplain clayey silt facies, tidal flat sandy-silty facies, bay clayey silt facies, pro-delta clayey silt facies, delta front sandy-silty clay facies, mouth bar sand facies, tidal flat sandy - silty clay facies, and delta plain silty clay facies. The combined nine sedimentary facies formed sequentially in time, representing the evolution of the sedimentary environment from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene and the evolutionary process from the continental to the estuarine and Delta environment.

The results also enable the geographic identification and delineation of the incised valley in the Red River Delta during the Late Pleistocene to Holocene period. The sedimentation rate in the incised valley varies from period to period. In the sedimentation phase of the incised valley, the average accretion rate reached 11.64 mm/year. In contrast, during the open sea regime (shallow sea near the coast), the accretion rate was observed to be very low, with a rate of 1.27 mm/year and the period of delta formation had the highest accretion rate, reaching 13.41 mm/year.
Atak na Pałac Saski w dniach 29–30 września 1733 roku
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Tomaszewski Michał
Published: June 2023

The article deals with events in Warsaw in the late summer of 1733. On the basis of diplomats’ accounts, the diplomatic and military situation in the capital of the Polish-Lithuanian state just before the outbreak of the War of the Polish Succession in 1733–1735 has been reconstructed.