bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Butorphanol as an Adjuvant to Epidural Analgesia for Rib Fractures
Authors: Belekar Virendrakumar , Jain Vaibhav
Published: November 2017

Introduction: Pain management via epidural catheters have emerged as an optimal method of pain control in patients with rib fractures (RF). This study was done to evaluate the efficacy of butorphanol in this subset of patients.

Materials and methods: Sixty patients were randomly allocated in two groups R (ropivacaine only) and B (ropivacaine with butorphanol). Group R patients received 0.2% ropivacaine epidurally (10 mL) while group B patients received 0.2% ropivacaine and 1 mg butorphanol epidurally (10 mL). Baseline respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), visual analog score (VAS), peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) were noted in both the groups.

Results: There was significant increase in duration of analgesia and nonsignificant reduction in VAS score in group B, and nonsignificant decrease in invasive ventilation cases and significant reduction in length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay in group B. There were no significant adverse effects in both the groups except for nausea in group B.

Conclusion: Butorphanol as an adjuvant to epidural analgesia leads to better oxygenation, decrease in length of ICU stay and duration of mechanical ventilation without increase in significant side effects.
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Bladder
Authors: Juneja Rohit , Veerendra H
Published: November 2017

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare benign lesion found in many locations throughout the body and genitourinary tract. In bladder, being very uncommon, it arises from submucosal stroma as a polypoidal growth, and is easily mistaken for a malignant neoplasm—both clinically and radiologically. Essential criteria for the diagnosis of IMT are spindle myoepithelial cell proliferation and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. Here, we report a case of a 29-year-old male who presented with painless gross hematuria for 3 days. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the tumor and the final pathological diagnosis was IMT of the bladder.
Liquid-supported Dentures: A Boon for Atrophic Ridges
Authors: Nimonkar Sharayu , Belkhode Vikram , Nimonkar Pranali , Sathe Seema , Godbole Surekha
Published: November 2017

Prosthetic rehabilitation of atrophic ridges is always a challenging task, since treatment modalities, such as ridge augmentation and implant-retained complete dentures are not always feasible due to health reasons, cost factor, etc. This article describes a case report of constructing a liquid-supported denture using a simple, innovative laboratory procedure, which provides a soft tissue surface as compared with conventional complete dentures and added comfort to underlying tissues. It helps in preservation of residual ridge resorption by optimal distribution of masticatory forces and gives adequate retention stability and support.
Autoimmune Hepatitis and Sarcoidosis
Authors: Junejo Shoaib , Tuli Sandeep
Published: November 2017

Background: Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder of unknown etiology. It affects the organ systems in the body, and is characterized by the presence of noncaseating granulomas in the involved organs. The most common manifestation is bilateral hilar adenopathy along with skin, joint, and eye lesions. Here, we discuss an unusual manifestation of sarcoidosis along with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

Case report: We report the case of a 33-year-old African American female presented with two-day history of progressive jaundice and deranged Liver function test (LFTs) the autoimmune work up was positive for anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) 1:640 and anti-smooth muscle antibody (SMA) 1:160, The serum Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) level was elevated 299 U/L; a right upper quadrant ultrasound revealed a mildly enlarged liver, subsequent CT chest and CT abdomen enlarged paratracheal and subcarinal adenopathy periportal edema in the liver and numerous small hypodense nodules in the spleen. Subsequent liver biopsy showed chronic, non-granulomatous, portal and parenchymal inflammation that was compatible with Autoimmune Hepatitis. Bronchoscopy with transbroncial biopsy revealed chronic, non-caseating granulomatous inflammation that was consistence with sarcoidosis. Thus the patient was diagnosed with sarcoidosis and AIH. The patient was started on Prednisone 60 mg daily, with subsequent reduction to 15 mg. The serum transaminase levels returned to normal level within three months.

Conclusion: This case underscores the significance of association of Sarcoidosis that presented with Autoimmune Hepatitis. Physicians should be aware of this possibility so they may efficiently pick up the diagnosis after relevant investigations and start appropriate management. Timely intervention is key to treat the acute presentation and to prevent the further complications.
Seasonal variations in physical characteristics of aerosol particles at the King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Kim Jaeseok , Yoon Young Jun , Gim Yeontae , Kang Hyo Jin , Choi Jin Hee , Park Ki-Tae , Lee Bang Yong
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Seasonal variability in the physical characteristics of aerosol particles sampled from the King Sejong Station in the Antarctic Peninsula was investigated over the period between March 2009 and February 2015. Clear seasonal cycles for the total particle concentration (CN) were observed. The mean monthly concentration of particles larger than 2.5 nm (CN2.5) was highest during the austral summer, with an average value of 1080.39 ± 595.05 cm−3, and lowest during the austral winter, with a mean value of 197.26 ± 71.71 cm−3. The seasonal patterns in the concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and CN coincide, with both concentrations being at a minimum in winter and maximum in summer. The measured CCN spectra were approximated by fitting a power-law function relating the number of CCN for a given supersaturation (SS) to each SS value, with fitting coefficients C and kT. The values for C varied from 6.35 to 837.24 cm−3, with a mean of 171.48 ± 62.00 cm−3. The values for kT ranged from 0.07 to 2.19, with a mean of 0.41 ± 0.10. In particular, the kT values during the austral summer were higher than those during the winter, indicating that aerosol particles are more sensitive to SS changes during summer. Furthermore, the annual mean hygroscopicity parameter, κ, was estimated as 0.15 ± 0.05, for a SS of 0.4 %. The effects of the origin and pathway travelled by the air mass on the physical characteristics of the aerosol particles were also determined. The modal diameter of aerosol particles originating in the South Pacific Ocean showed a seasonal variation varying from 0.023 µm in winter to 0.034 µm in summer for the Aitken mode, and from 0.086 µm in winter to 0.109 µm in summer for the accumulation mode.
Impacts of climate change on extreme floods in Finland – studies using bias corrected Regional Climate Model data
Authors: Veijalainen Noora , Jakkila Juho , Olsson Taru , Backman Leif , Vehviläinen Bertel , Kaurola Jussi
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Bias correction of precipitation and temperature of five Regional Climate Models (RCMs) was carried out using Distribution Based Scaling (DBS) method with two versions for precipitation adjustment: single gamma and double gamma. This data were then used as input for a hydrological model to simulate changes in floods by the end of this century, and the results were compared to corresponding changes simulated using delta change approach. The results show that while the DBS adjustment significantly improves the RCM precipitations and temperatures compared to observations, especially the double gamma distribution does not always preserve trends of the uncorrected RCM data. The simulation of floods in the control period is improved by the DBS adjustment with no significant differences between single and double gamma. However, some scenarios are still unable to match the observed hydrology adequately due to remaining biases especially in near zero winter temperatures. These scenarios may produce an unrealistic climate change signal and should therefore be discarded from further use. A simple criterion for evaluating the adequate performance of the RCMs and hydrological models compared to observed floods is presented. The results of climate change simulations show that extreme summer precipitations increase more than average values in Finland. The changes in floods by 2070–2099 vary in different regions depending on season and the main flood producing mechanism (snowmelt or heavy rain). The changes in floods simulated with the DBS adjusted RCM data are mostly similar as with delta change approach, but the DBS method produces larger range of changes.
A confined–unconfined aquifer model for subglacial hydrology and its application to the North East Greenland Ice Stream
Authors: Beyer Sebastian , Kleiner Thomas , Aizinger Vadym , Rückamp Martin , Humbert Angelika
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Subglacial hydrology plays an important role in the ice sheet dynamics as it determines the sliding velocity of ice sheets and also drives freshwater into the ocean. Modeling subglacial water has been a challenge for decades, and only recently new approaches have been developed such as representing subglacial channels and thin water sheets by separate layers of variable permeability. We extend this concept by modeling a confined and unconfined aquifer system (CUAS) in a single layer. The advantage of this formulation is that it prevents unphysical values of pressure at reasonable computational cost. We also performed sensitivity tests to investigate the effect of different model parameters. The strongest influence of model parameters was detected in terms governing the opening and closure of channels. Furthermore, we applied the model to the North East Greenland Ice Stream, where an efficient system independent of seasonal input was identified about 500 km downstream from the ice divide. Using the effective pressure from the hydrology model in the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM) shows considerable improvements of modeled velocities in the coastal region.
La participación de las cooperativas en el desarrollo urbano sostenible
Authors: Falcón Pérez Carmen Esther , Fuentes Perdomo Juana
Published: November 2017

El desarrollo urbano bajo parámetros sostenibles indudablemente incide en la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos. Tradicionalmente, el ordenamiento urbanístico español ha focalizado sus esfuerzos en el crecimiento exponencial de la ciudad, contribuyendo al desarrollo de la construcción de viviendas. Pero este enfoque ha experimentado un cambio sustancial en la última década, hacia un modelo de planificación urbana que promueva los procesos de rehabilitación y regeneración en la ciudad ya consolidada, minimizando el crecimiento disperso, en consonancia con las exigencias europeas en materia de desarrollo sostenible.Si se consideran las condiciones físicas de multitud de edificios y barrios de nuestro país, con deficiencias importantes de habitabilidad y consumo energético, problemas de accesibilidad y carencia de servicios, la rehabilitación urbana constituye, en la actualidad, una necesidad inexcusable. En este trabajo se analiza la importancia de los procesos de rehabilitación urbana en las ciudades, cuáles son las fuentes de financiación pública que impulsan estos proyectos y cómo las cooperativas pueden protagonizar un papel relevante en este ámbito. Los desafíos que plantea la rehabilitación urbana demandan una respuesta desde las fórmulas cooperativas, que contribuyen a la cohesión económica, social y territorial en el marco de un desarrollo urbano sostenible.
Aspectos éticos de la investigación etnográfica en salud. El papel del comité de ética de la investigación
Authors: Suárez-Obando Fernando , Gómez-Restrepo Carlos
Published: November 2017

La presencia e integración de la investigación cualitativa a los protocolos de investigación biomédica ha cobrado cada vez mayor relevancia, por la importancia de la antropología cultural. El caso particular de la etnografía adquiere aún más preeminencia en relación con la definición de riesgo para el sujeto de investigación. El presente artículo expone las principales características de la investigación etnográfica que deben ser evaluadas por un comité de ética de la investigación, y define una serie de recomendaciones para la evaluación del riesgo para los sujetos que se someten a este tipo de estudio. Los miembros de los Comités de Ética en Investigación deben tener en cuenta la etnografía para realizar a cabalidad su función.
¿La sedación paliativa acorta la vida de los pacientes?
Authors: Casas-Martínez María de la Luz , Mora-Magaña Ignacio
Published: November 2017

El respeto por la vida humana es central en el acto médico. En pacientes terminales, los síntomas refractarios son nicho de sedación paliativa. Este artículo identifica, a partir de evidencia científica, la sobrevida en pacientes con sedación paliativa en comparación con aquellos que no la recibieron. Se realizó́ búsqueda de revisiones sistemáticas de 2000 a 2016, se analizaron metodológicamente y se compararon los resultados. Por razones metodológicas no se pudo realizar meta-análisis. Se concluye que la sedación paliativa terminal no acorta la vida de los pacientes. Se reformula la aplicación del principio de doble efecto relacionado con el posible acortamiento de la vida; el mal no deseado es la pérdida de la conciencia.
Hacia la superación epistemológica para la gestión de proyectos de investigación en salud
Authors: Betancourt-Bethencourt José Aureliano , Martínez-Álvarez Fidel Francisco , Álvarez-Escoda Mayda Domitila
Published: November 2017

El desarrollo sustentable de cada sociedad depende cada vez más de la organización de la actividad científica y de la investigación. Para superar varias de ciencias encontradas al respecto se concibe e implementa una estrategia de superación para la actualización epistemológica de los profesionales de la salud en la que incrementen la capacidad de adaptarse a los cambios, de generar nuevos conocimientos y de mejorar de manera sistemática el desempeño. La superación en la actualización epistemológica se orienta a dinamizar las relaciones entre las disciplinas, los actores sociales y las funciones de dirección como vía para optimizar la actividad de gestión de proyectos de investigación. De acuerdo con la triangulación que se haga la estrategia será efectiva y podrá ser reproducida
Evaluation of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Serra Rita , Sellam Alexandre , Coscas Florence , Bruyère Elsa , Sieiro André , Coscas Gabriel J. , Souied Eric H.
Published: November 2017

Purpose:

To compare the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) findings of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in eyes with pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) with those of fluorescein angiography (FA) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to compare PCME vascular density values of the SCP and DCP with those of healthy eyes.

Methods:

In this retrospective observational study, 13 eyes (12 patients) with PCME underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations including visual acuity, FA, SD-OCT, and OCT-A. The vascular density of the SCP and DCP were measured using AngioAnalytics software in all PCME eyes and compared with 46 healthy eyes of 25 subjects.

Results:

In patients with PCME, at the level of SCP, the mean vascular density in the whole en face image was 44.48 ± 3.61% while it was 50.27 ± 5.30% at the level of the DCP. In contrast, the vascular density in the whole en face image was 50.35 ± 3.22 at the level of SCP while it was 56.15 ± 3.28 at the level of DCP in 46 healthy eyes of 25 subjects. The vascular density of patients with PCME was significantly lower than in healthy subjects at the SCP (p<0.0001) and at the DCP (p<0.0001).

Conclusion:

We report the OCT-A appearance of PCME and vascular density map with values that can be easily interpreted for quantitative evaluation of retina perfusion status using OCT-A. This approach might be the first step in helping us fully understand the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying PCME.
Retinoid Metabolism in Endometriosis
Authors: Çakıroğlu Yiğit , Confino Rafael , Pavone Mary Ellen
Published: November 2017

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease in which progesterone resistance and inflammation have been found to be major mechanisms responsible for its development and progression. When compared to eutopic endometrium, key molecules have been found to be differentially expressed, which contribute to these mechanisms. One pathway that is aberrant in endometriotic tissue when compared to eutopic endometrium is the retinoic acid signaling pathway. This review focuses on the role of the retinoid signaling pathway in endometriosis and summarizes evidence that supports the use of retinoid compounds for the stimulation of pro-apoptotic activity in these cells.
Fødsler i Norge 1967-2016 – noen nøkkeltall
Authors: Ebbing Marta
Published: November 2017

-
Løbende nationale reproduktionsregistre og ad hoc data
Authors: Olsen Jørn
Published: November 2017

ENGLISH SUMMARYOlsen J. National registration in human reproduction and research oriented ad hoc data. Nor JEpidemiol 2017; 27 (1-2): 27-31.The Nordic countries have a long tradition for collecting and storing of data in reproductive health. Theseregisters cover the entire population and focus on health outcomes. They have gradually been made availablefor research and if supplemented with data on potential risk factors in reproductive health, they providea strong basis for research in potential causes of disease in the reproductive system. Several pregnany/birthcohorts have been successful in providing important information in preventive medicine. The most importantof these are the Norwegian birth cohort (MoBa) and the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC). Bothinclude about 100,000 newborns. They are based on the rationale that many diseases have causes that startoperating in fetal life – fetal programming of diseases – even diseases that manifest themselves later in life(adult diseases). Examples of historic and more recent findings are presented in the following text.Risk of disclosure of personal data is of concern. We have not had examples of such unwanted disclosureand we want to keep this achievement. We clearly have to do many things different and better in the future.Fortunately, technical solutions are available and promising.The registers and the ad hoc data sources have given the Nordic epidemiologists a leading position inreproductive health. To keep that position, we need to plan new cohorts and train more people. If we do thatwe will be able to continue our collaboration with colleagues all over the world.
En fornyet informasjonsmodell for Medisinsk fødselsregister
Authors: Ebbing Marta
Published: November 2017

-
This, Too, Shall Pass: Distant Reading a Future in the Ruins of Cormac McCarthy's Postsouthern Novels
Authors: Jackson Joshua Ryan
Published: November 2017

Using Franco Moretti's concept of distant readings, this article frames the novels published after Suttree (1979) as a journey through the ruins of a postsouthern space. As a wide-ranging cluster, the ruins scattered across this space clarify a pattern established in his first four novels and completed in The Road (2006), a pattern that predicts the future end of Western exceptionalist ideologies such as Western Christianity and global capitalism, as well as affirms the universal law: “this, too, shall pass.”
Ethical Guidance from Literature and Mathematics
Authors: Pollard Stephen
Published: November 2017

Mathematics can help us pursue morally significant ends more efficiently—but it can do more. It can help us elaborate and clarify those ends themselves. For example, while it is not a mathematical theorem that we should deal fairly with one another, mathematics can teach us how best to understand fairness in cases of real consequence. This enlargement of ethical understanding is a social function mathematics shares with literature. As I explore this point of common interest, I will consider three standards for assessing ethical standards: feasibility (a particular concern of Aristotle), testability (a particular concern of John Dewey), and mathematical tractability.
Sensation, Nominalism, and the Elements of Experience
Authors: Atkins Richard Kenneth
Published: November 2017

Charles Sanders Peirce and Maurice Merleau-Ponty raise the same objection to British empiricism: its foundational tenet—captured in Hume's Copy Principle, that all of our ideas are fainter copies of our impressions—is nominalist. It is not clear what this objection amounts to, however, since the British empiricists are nominalists of one stripe or another. I canvass different ways to construe this objection. Three different construals of it fail. A fourth construal succeeds, but in a way that leaves the foundational tenet of British empiricism intact. The problem is not that the tenet is false (it may be) but that it cannot be adopted as a foundation on which to build a philosophical account of those elements of an experience that are contributed by the world and those that are contributed by the experiencing subject.
Heraclitus, Seaford, and Reversible Exchange
Authors: Kassam Chris , Duschinsky Robbie
Published: November 2017

In this article we identify a characteristic pattern of Heraclitus's thought and language, the “figure of reversible exchange.” We suggest that this figure allows Heraclitus to propose an ontological structure consisting of two intersecting circuits of relations: a pre-temporal reversible exchange between Being and Becoming and between One and Many and a temporal reversible exchange within the Many as the very process of Becoming. Against Richard Seaford's interpretation of Heraclitus's thought as a reflection of a new worldview predicated on universal exchange value, the Heraclitus fragments will be read as suggesting that exchange value emerges within rhythms of concrete, temporal use value. We shall argue that this instantiates the wider relation Heraclitus proposes between Being and Becoming.
Raising the Bar – Transformative Ethics and the Example of Christ
Authors: Caldwell Cam , Holloway C. Stewart
Published: November 2017

Transformative Ethics, a newly established ethical model that incorporates twelve other ethical perspectives, is briefly described in this paper and the life of Jesus Christ is used as a model for that perspective.  The paper summarizes the fundamental ideas of each of the twelve widely-accepted ethical perspectives and gives examples that demonstrate behaviors that have application in the individual lives of leaders and others who seek to be trusted by their associates.
Not So Dangerous Liaisons: Interstitial Subjectivities and the Autobiography of Arab Women
Authors: Kholoussi Samia
Published: November 2017

This research re-examines “cultural hybridity” from an Arab female standpoint. The concept is widely researched in post-colonial discourse, and in texts of bi-cultural Arab women, it is re-envisioned in the light of the specificity of their experience. Amidst a maze of proliferating theories, the study utilizes critical discussions in post-colonial discourse pertinent to the central argument namely; what does it mean to be hybrid for Arab women, and how do they perform cultural hybridity in their autobiographical writing? This study sets itself is to formulate a framework that allows us to talk about Arab women’s autobiography in this context. It explores a space that would take into account ethnic and gender linked issues to investigate alternatives for Arab female self-identification in cultural hybrid contexts. For case study, I use Assia Djebar’s Fantasia: An Algerian Cavalcade (1985) and Ahdaf Soueif’s In the Eye of the Sun (1992) as texts as growing out of, and emerging against the culturally hybrid reality in which the autobiographical persona finds herself; a reality from which these self -representations evolve and authors begin to tell their stories. The study yields inferences regarding the potential of interstitial subjectivities as catalyst for agency, and a site of resistance and subversion. Cultural hybrid reality, for Arab women, is a site of contested and complex identities. It opens up a playing field of performative contestation in which identity thrives in ongoing endeavor to reformulate the debates on assimilation, integration, and identity politics within such a discursive territory.
A Study on Culture Adaptation Difference between Chinese and American Advertising Discourses
Authors: Zhu Jinlan
Published: November 2017

Advertising discourse is a kind of strategic communicative language, and adaptation is often used as an effective strategy by advertisers to publicize the products and lure the customers to buy the advertised products. The study is conducted to compare the differences of culture adaptation in Chinese and American advertising discourse, finding different orientations where Chinese advertising discourses and American ones respectively adapt to the potential customers: 1. Collectivism vs. Individualism in Standard of Value; 2. Monism vs. Pluralism in Thinking Mode; 3. Authority vs. Equality in Concept; 4. Past Orientation vs. Future Orientation in Culture Tradition; 5. Implicity vs. Superiority in Culture Characteristics. The results will provide valuable implication and reference for the companies, advertisers and researchers, helping the advertisers design advertisements in line with the target culture and overcome the culture barrier to international advertising communication.
Morality and Evil in Baudelaire’s The Flowers of Evil
Authors: Guan Bei , Xie Jian
Published: November 2017

Dandyism reflected the social reality and the rebellious spirit of resistance within 19th century Western Europe. As an aesthetic dandy, Baudelaire combined form, spirit and rebellion. He forever sought beauty with passion and sincerity. His work was about a decadent spirit and wild ideas, he displayed to his world the evil flowers of aestheticism, and thus fulfilled the last flash of light of an aesthetic heroism. The article investigates the dandyism of Baudelaire and his aesthetic revolt, and how his works represented rebellion towards the bourgeois authority.
A Case Study on the Translation of Metaphors in Red Sorghum
Authors: Wang Leyang
Published: November 2017

Mo Yan’s novel Red Sorghum is well known for its creative and initiative usage of metaphors. When it is translated into English, the translator has to evaluate the cultural differences between Chinese and English. The current study takes the translation of metaphors in Red Sorghum as an example to illustrate how cultural elements influence translation. The representative examples selected hereby were analyzed on the basis of the Relevance Theory and at the same time different cultural elements were taken into account to provide solid evidence. This essay proposes that translations of metaphors in Red Sorghum can be divided into four types: from metaphor to simile, from metaphor to metaphor with the tenor and vehicle unchanged, replacing the vehicle, deleting the vehicle. In order to facilitate target readers’s inferential process and help them establish the optimal relevance, the translator has to deliberate the disparities of the cultures in the source language and target language and then demonstrate the appropriate ostensive stimuli. No matter what measures the translator takes, it can not be sepearated from the corresponding cultural elements.
Animals in The Mayor of Casterbridge
Authors: Liu Qin
Published: November 2017

Thomas Hardy, one of the outstanding writers in the 19th century. The Mayor of Casterbridge, is Hardy’s masterpiece. As an enthusiastic lover of nature, natural description is of great importance in Hardy’s novels. In The Mayor of Casterbridge, Hardy associates the presence of nature especially the animals to the characters’ conditions. In the novel, Hardy endowed the “inhuman” animals with human characteristics. This paper will interprete the novel from the perspective of animals. It will explore the associations between the recurring bird image and Henchard’s tragic fate, the close similarities between the bull and Henchard’s characteristics, and the sheep as the symbolic representation of vulnerable women in the novel.
Examining the role of terrestrial lichen transplants in restoring woodland caribou winter habitat
Authors: Rapai Sean B. , McColl Duncan , McMullin Richard Troy
Published: November 2017

The development of habitat restoration techniques for restoring critical woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) winter habitat will play an important role in meeting the management thresholds in woodland caribou recovery plans. The goal is to restore disturbed environments within critical winter habitat for the declining woodland caribou. Woodland caribou are diet specialists, utilizing lichen-rich habitat for forage during winter months. Cladonia sub-genus Cladina is the most frequently eaten species during this time. Herein, we provide: 1) A review of previously used methods for transplanting Cladonia sub-genus Cladina and their feasibility in restoring woodland caribou winter habitat; 2) A stepby- step protocol on how to carry out a terrestrial lichen transplant program (using Cladonia sub-genus Cladina and C. uncialis); and, 3) An evaluation of our protocol through the establishment of a case study in northern British Columbia. Our results indicate that transplanting C. sub-genus Cladina fragments is the most efficient technique for transplanting terrestrial lichen communities, but transplanting lichen ‘patches’ or ‘mats’ may also be effective.
Updating Canada’s National Forest Inventory with multiple imputations of missing contemporary data
Authors: Magnussen Steen , Stinson Graham , Boudewyn Paul
Published: November 2017

Canada’s National Forest Inventory (NFI) is facing an issue of spatial imbalance in photo interpreted data from 400 ha photo-plots available for estimation of state and change. Multiple imputations (MI) of missing data is therefore considered as a means to mitigate a potential bias arising from spatial imbalance, and—to a lesser degree— improve the precision relative to what can be achieved with the subset of plots having current data. In this study we explored MI with data from three study sites located in the provinces of Quebec, Ontario, and Saskatchewan. Specifically, we looked at state at time T2and change between T1and T2in cover-type area proportions and in per unit area stem volume. At each location we found significant T1differences in these attributes between plots with and without T2data. A MI procedure with 20 replications of stochastic model-based imputations of missing data was therefore effective as a way to mitigate a bias that would arise if T2inference was based exclusively on plots with T2data. Possible differences between the T2and T1photointerpretation, paired with no efficient stratification of disturbed and undisturbed plots, largely eliminated expected gains in precision from the MI boosting of the effective T2sample size. Despite recognized limitations, we recommend MI as an effective tool to counteract an emerging spatial imbalance in the NFI.
Network of Breathing. Multifunctional Role of the Diaphragm: A review. Response to the Letter to Editor of Prof. Bordoni
Authors: Kocjan Janusz , Adamek Mariusz , Gzik-Zroska Bożena , Czyżewski Damian , Rydel Mateusz
Published: November 2017

Thank you for the opportunity to respond to Professor Bordoni’s letter [...]
Krytyczna Świadomość Językowa i Pozytywna Analiza Dyskursu. Edukacyjne implikacje krytycznie zorientowanych teorii dyskursu
Authors: Starego Karolina
Published: November 2017

Despite the growing popularity of discourse theory and critical analysis of interrelations between education and its social, political and cultural contexts, neither the “discursive” nor “linguistic” turn in social sciences are usually thought of as possible foundations for pedagogical practice. The aim of this paper is to review the possible educational applications of two critical discourse theories: Critical Language Awareness and Positive Discourse Analysis. Both of those perspectives aim to go beyond the purely research oriented modes of analysis, towards constructive and positive projects of critical language education. Thus, they may provide us with a foundation for a critically oriented pedagogy of language.
Charakterystyka postaci w szkole – między stereotypem a kreacją
Authors: Grzegórzek Mirosław
Published: November 2017

Self-presentation is one of the basic human communicative behaviours. At school it is connected with the ability to characterize a character, which often results in schematic form and stereotypical content. The routinisation of procedures used by teachers breeds students’ indifference. Contemporary urge for social communication sets new challenges to the ability of characterization, one of which being the ability of effective self-presentation. In this particular context the characteristics loses its status of solely school being and faces the current urge of existence on labour market or in the virtual space. The aim of this performance is to present the results of empirical research carried out in secondary schools (against available research results of chosen “self-presentation genres” found in the Internet, such as blogs or IRC’s) in the form of quantitative-qualitative analysis of students’ abilities of the genre’s realization (complemented with the theoretical works in linguistics and linguistic efficiency development didactics) in a perspective of communicative competence’s development in this particular area.
APPLICATION OF COMPUTER SIMULATION
IN IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF SCREWS PRODUCTION
Authors: Siderska Julia , Perkowska Katarzyna
Published: November 2017

The aim of this work is to present and discuss the possibility of using computer
simulation to improve the production flow of sheet metal screws in the carpentry
plant. The paper includes descriptive and schematic characterization of the present
production system of the plant in one of the Polish companies. Using the Tecnomatix
Plant Simulation software, a digital model of the process line was drawn
up, mirroring the spatial arrangement of workstations in the production hall
and their operators, as well as actual processing times and set-up times of each
machine. Simulation was performed to identify bottlenecks in the entire production
process, and several modifications were proposed on that basis so as to optimize
the workloads of the workstations and increase production.
INFORMATION AS A RESOURCE
IN LOGISTICS THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors: Oleszczak Michał
Published: November 2017

Article presents information as a valuable strategic resource and its increasing
role over time, basing on polish and foreign definitions of logistics. Lastly, a definition
for information logistics has been proposed.
Dziecięce zmagania z czasem. Wyzwalanie rozumienia pojęcia czas przez dzieci 9–10-letnie w kulturze szkoły polskiej
Authors: Wiśniewska-Kin Monika
Published: November 2017

Children’s struggling with time. Triggering the understanding of the concept of time by children aged 9–10 in the culture of polish school In this article, I am going to discuss the issues of triggering children’s understanding of natural concepts (on the example of the concept of time) in a cultural context. I was particularly interested in the resources provided by culture to help children understand natural concepts. In the research, I applied the basic types of procedures for collecting qualitative data: observation (observer-as-participant), interview (direct, personal, focused), documents (children’s products) and audiovisual materials (audio and video recordings). The didactic intervention activity was conducted in two second grade and two third grade classes in primary schools in metropolitan environment. The reconstruction of the children’s understanding of the concept of natural time revealed its complexity. For children there is not one time, but many dimensions of time entered in two profiles: physical time (clock) and psychological time (time of memories and perceptions). Based on my research, I see the need for triggering the cognitive activity of pupils in conditions that ensure the development of conceptual systems containing both matrix concepts and natural notions.
Instruments to assess stigmatization in dermatology
Authors: Dimitrov Dimitre , Szepietowski Jacek C.
Published: November 2017

Stigmatization is the assignment of negative perceptions to an individual because of a perceived difference from the population at large. Skin conditions are frequently the reason of social rejection with a consequent negative influence on the personal and social life of patients.
The aim of the current study was to review the available instruments that can be successfully utilized to measure the stigmatization level among dermatological patients.
We performed our search on PubMed up to November 2016 and utilized combinations of key phrases containing such words as stigmatization, skin, dermatology, names of various skin conditions (psoriasis, vitiligo, acne, etc.), measurement. The search found a considerable number of articles – 548. After filtering them through a precise selection process, 58 articles remained. We concentrated only on the methodological aspects to assess stigmatization in various dermatoses.
The review ascertained that there exist numerous instruments in the form of questionnaires. They were utilized in various researches in order to assess the stigmatization level in patients with skin problems. We divided them into two main groups: dermatology specific instruments (6 questionnaires) and dermatosis/disease specific ones (8 questionnaires). It is recommended to use dermatology-specific instruments to compare the stigmatization level in various skin conditions. They can be utilized as well as a first line tools to study the feeling of stigmatization in specific skin diseases; however, where it is possible, they should be supplemented with the disease-specific instrument for deeper analysis of both qualities of life and stigmatization.
Rejecting the Standard Discourse on Métis Lands in Manitoba
Authors: Vermette D'Arcy
Published: November 2017

This paper challenges the assumptions and interpretative frameworks used by several prominent scholars of Metis history in Manitoba.  The scholars were chosen for their prominence in their field and their particiation as expert witnesses in recent litigitation betwen the Crown and the Manitoba Metis.  The article demonstrates that the scholarship (dubbed the "standard discourse") is repleat with apologists techniques meant to undermine the impact of government blundering, unsound historical interpretation, an emphasis on individuals as the unit of interpretating history and, in the case of one author, a well-established bias against Aboriginal cultures.  The paper serves as a window into understanding the unspoken aspects of the standard discourse.  Utimately, it is helpful to recognize that much of the standard discourse is based on preference of the researcher and does not represent an absolute truth in interpretation.
Signage UX: Updating library signs for a new generation
Authors: Eichelberger Michelle , Hagelberger Cindy , Smith Stephanie , Westfall Amy
Published: November 2017

Like most college libraries, the Alfred C. O’Connell Library at Genesee Community College (GCC) struggles to find effective ways to tell students about upcoming events and new library services, and to promote library policies. Short of standing at the library entrance and personally notifying each entrant about each new initiative, it can be a big challenge to impart information about the library to our patrons.
Washington Hotline
Authors: Baker Gavin
Published: November 2017

Congress’ Committee on House Administration this year began examining Title 44 of the U.S. Code, which is the authority for the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) and Government Publishing Office (GPO). This is an important opportunity for librarians to advocate for improvements to FDLP and public access to government information.FDLP was designed to ensure widespread and long-term public access to information produced by the federal government. The program is managed by GPO, formerly known as the Government Printing Office, a federal government agency that publishes information on behalf of all three branches of government.
Literature and Bullying: Teenage and Children Novels on School Bullying Prevention
Authors: Raptou Evangelia
Published: November 2017

Juvenile delinquent or deviant behavior appears in various forms in modern academic reality. It is widely known under the international term "school bullying". The systemic view of an educational organization as it studies the variety of school and social system parameters that explain and contribute to the emergence of problematic behaviors in schools positively contributes to a better understanding of that behaviors considered within the framework of interactions that generate and reproduce it. Qualitative literary works, by which this phenomenon is approached in a novel way and the "omnipotent narrator" dominates, provide the possibility of a holistic and systemic view and indirect aids in strategies for preventing, detecting and curing the offending incidents in modern schools.
The purpose of this paper is to connect the phenomenon of bullying appearing in teenage and children novels with the way that texts could illuminate and enlighten youth consciousness in order to become safe guides or useful paradigms in their everyday life. The texts examined under present study are the novels (a) Thirteen Reasons Why, by Jay Asher (b) Finding Audrey, by Sophie Kinsella and (c) Together, by Eleni Priοvolou.
Principles for the Design of Business Dictionaries on Mobile Applications
Authors: Kwary Deny A.
Published: November 2017

The rapid growth of mobile applications for smartphones in the past few years has encouraged dictionary publishers to offer mobile dictionaries. One of the most prominent target markets of mobile dictionary applications is business people, especially those who are non-native speakers of English. These business people often need a dictionary to help them understand the international news they are reading. However, as shown in the review of the current mobile business dictionaries, the dictionary applications have not taken into account the needs of the users and the technological features of smartphones. The current mobile dictionaries still resemble either their electronic versions or even worse their printed versions. This can be due to the lack of research and emphasis on the theoretical aspects of mobile lexicography. Therefore, this paper tries to formulate principles for the design of business dictionaries for mobile applications. The discussion considers the implementation of the modern theory of lexicographical functions in order to create mobile dictionaries which can better satisfy the needs of the users. The principles created are organized into two parts, they are, business news with a built-in dictionary and a dictionary with updated business news.
The Function Theory and Its Application on Manuals of Economics
Authors: Gallardo Ángel Rodríguez
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we analyse manuals of economics from the function point of view. Our proposal is focused on the classification and typology of manuals based on the communication purposes. In addition, we put forward and suggest certain improvements in the internal composition of the manuals based on a detailed analysis of their contents architecture and the rhetorical movements in which they are arranged. In general, we are suggesting that the new generation of manuals of economics, mostly multimodal ones, means and is going to be a significant step forward in the relationship between situations of use and learning processes.
”I trust what’s written but I don’t think it’s good”: Old age pensioners’ persistency in the practice of obtaining information from the news media
Authors: Ljuslinder Karin , Lundgren Anna Sofia
Published: November 2017

In spite of the fact that we are living in a digital era the position of traditional news media as the first chosen source of information has not been altered. This is especially true when it comes to older persons. What are the reasons for this persistency? This article gives an account of how older persons reflect on whether and why they believe in, and trust, news press reporting and their reasons for acquiring news from traditional news media. Using a discourse theoretical logics approach we found that whether or not the informants believed in and trusted the news they all referred to an overarching fantasy stating that it is a right and an obligation of an ideal citizen to update oneself of the surrounding world via the news media. We also found social habits to be crucial for the informants’ practice of obtaining information from the news media.
Carbohydrates digestion and metabolism in the spiny lobster (Panulirus argus): biochemical indication for limited carbohydrate utilization
Authors: Rodríguez-Viera Leandro , Perera Erick , Montero-Alejo Vivian , Perdomo-Morales Rolando , García-Galano Tsai , Martínez-Rodríguez Gonzalo , Mancera Juan M.
Published: November 2017

As other spiny lobsters,Panulirus argusis supposed to use preferentially proteins and lipids in energy metabolism, while carbohydrates are well digested but poorly utilized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary carbohydrate level on digestion and metabolism in the spiny lobsterP. argus. We used complementary methodologies such as post-feeding flux of nutrients and metabolites, as well as measurements of α-amylase expression and activity in the digestive tract. Lobsters readily digested and absorbed carbohydrates with a time-course that is dependent on their content in diet. Lobster showed higher levels of free glucose and stored glycogen in different tissues as the inclusion of wheat flour increased. Modifications in intermediary metabolism revealed a decrease in amino acids catabolism coupled with a higher use of free glucose as carbohydrates rise up to 20%. However, this effect seems to be limited by the metabolic capacity of lobsters to use more than 20% of carbohydrates in diets. Lobsters were not able to tightly regulate α-amylase expression according to dietary carbohydrate level but exhibited a marked difference in secretion of this enzyme into the gut. Results are discussed to highlight the limitations to increasing carbohydrate utilization by lobsters. Further growout trials are needed to link the presented metabolic profiles with phenotypic outcomes.