bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing the rehabilitation of patients following joint replacement using remote support tools
Authors: Arseniev Dmitry G. , Misnik Аnton Е. , Shalukhova Maria A.
Published: September 2024

The article considers the approach to the development of an intelligent decision support system based on artificial intelligence technologies to manage the rehabilitation process in patients who have undergone joint endoprosthetic surgery. The paper focuses on the advantages of using complex intelligent systems in various industries requiring personalised approaches to the object, including medicine. The prospects for their further development are considered. The creation of a digital twin reflecting the key parameters of the object and its development trajectory from the moment of the first interaction with the system is proposed. The system, developed on the basis of software and instrumental environments, provides the possibility of remote observation and correction of the recovery plan by specialists, which represents a significant advantage compared to traditional methods. In order to ensure the adaptability of the system and the actualisation of the proposed solutions, control over the patient's condition and adaptation of treatment programmes is achieved by means of periodic and unscheduled checking of the object indicators. This is achieved by comparing the indicators obtained as a result of video data analysis with the normalised indicators of the system. The developed system analyses video recordings, performs movement analysis and adapts rehabilitation measures depending on the obtained data on the patient's motor activity in real time. The proposed method offers the potential to enhance the precision and personalisation of rehabilitation approaches, thereby facilitating greater accessibility and efficacy in treatment. The integration of artificial intelligence elements into clinical practice presents a promising avenue for optimising rehabilitation processes.
Methods of multi-criteria optimization of technological objects: a systematic review of scientific publications for the period 2013–2023
Authors: Zolotarev Maksim A.
Published: September 2024

The article presents a systematic review of scientific articles devoted to applications of multi-criteria optimization methods, published in open sources in 2013-2023, conducted in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. The main optimization methods with respect to a set of conflicting objective functions, such as energy efficiency, accuracy of achieving final states, economic feasibility, reliability of operation, compliance with environmental standards, etc. are considered. Particular attention is paid to the theoretical foundations and practical applications of these methods aimed at increasing the efficiency of technological processes and improving the quality of decisions. The main objective of the review is to analyze the current state of research in this area, to identify trends and limitations in the use of multi-criteria methods for optimization of specific technological processes and objects. The study showed that, despite significant progress in the development of the theoretical foundations of multi-criteria optimization, the number of works aimed at applying these methods to real technological problems remains limited. The article emphasizes the importance of further research and development aimed at adapting optimization methods to the specific features of technological processes. This review aims to provide a deeper understanding of current trends and issues related to the application of multi-objective optimization methods to improve technological processes, thereby contributing to the development of research in this promising area.
Morphological analysis of system studies of automatic space applications in a synergetically disturbing environment
Authors: Kovtun Vladimir  S.
Published: September 2024

The article considers the use of a new methodological cognitive-variable synergetic (CVS) approach to the analysis of the problems of the theory of systems research conducted on board automated spacecraft (AS) [1]. The methodological basis of the CVS approach is based on cybernetic [2]and synergetic [3] theories of dynamic systems management, as well as the methodology of proactive management of the functioning of complex technical objects (STO), based on the concept of integrated modeling of STO [2]. The results of the previously conducted morphological analysis of the problems of the theory of systemic cybernetic studies of the movement of dynamic systems are known, presented in the form of a morphological tree containing four branches (modeling-analysis-observation-choice) and leaves (particular tasks) [4]. The number of tasks is determined by the interaction of the control system (environment) with four types of effects of the disturbing environment – deterministic, stochastic, purposeful and with unknown characteristics - in the formation of input effects on the control system. The CVS approach is based on the use of a new type of environment in the management of dynamic systems – synergetically disturbing. To display the new environment and tasks on the morphological tree of problem analysis, in addition to the existing tasks of systemic cybernetic research, new leaves are introduced - particular tasks of systemic synergetic research. The paradigm of problem analysis is formed on the basis of knowledge, management experience and system research aimed at solving the problem of providing resources for on-board AS systems and the stability of their functioning during flight.
The goal–setting of a new methodological approach to the analysis of the problems of the theory of systems research is aimed at the rational use of the main structural and functional resources of the BS, obtaining synergetic resources and preventing failures caused by calculated and non-calculated abnormal processes. Further, synergetic will be called such a type of resources that is formed by spontaneous self-organization of processes in management systems and transformed into purposeful self-organization in objectively existing multi-place relationships describing synergetic interactions and interrelations during the movement of processes in a synergetically disturbing external environment [5, 6].
Integrated evaluation of the functioning quality of robotic agricultural vehicle system
Authors: Yakovleva Anastasia E.
Published: September 2024

The article proposes to use a method for evaluating the effectiveness (Data Envelope Analysis) of a system of robotic agricultural vehicles, which is based on solving the problem of fractional linear programming when analyzing a set of homogeneous production facilities. This method is used for an integrated assessment of the quality of service of robotic vehicles according to the specified key parameters of functioning. The main parameters of the effectiveness of the system of robotic agricultural vehicles are selected: the coefficient of technical readiness, operational speed, downtime in maintenance and repair, the average daily duration of the car, the average monthly mileage of the vehicle, the remaining life of the car, the unit cost of maintenance and specific cargo displacement. Solving systems of linear equations makes it possible to determine the position of each analyzed object relative to the efficiency boundary in a multidimensional parameter space. The solution of the Bunker-Charnes-Cooper problem has been completed. Sets of target changes in the parameters of robotic cars have been obtained, which transfer objects to the efficiency boundary. The analysis of the parameters is carried out by constructing diagrams of production capabilities in a multidimensional space. For two periods of operation of the robotic vehicle system for an agro-industrial enterprise, the Malmquist index was calculated to assess the dynamics of operational efficiency.
Effect of Integrated nutrient management practices on nutrient uptake, yield and quality of improved black kavuni rice variety (CO57)
Authors: Annamalai Udhaya  , Sengodan Radhamani , Govindan Senthil Kumar , Veerasamy Ravichandhran , Ponnusamy Janaki , Swaminathan Manonmani
Published: September 2024

The rising demand for high-quality rice and rice products motivates farmers to produce traditional rice varieties. Rice production needs to be substantially increased with suitable nutrient management practices to meet the demand. Hence, the present study was carried out to evaluate the influence of integrated nutrient management practices on nutrient yield and quality of improved black kavuni rice. The research was conducted during the Early kar (April-August 2023) and Late samba (September - January 2023-24) seasons in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and twelve treatments consisting of N in equivalent basis with organic manure and inorganic fertilizers and one control. Based on an N equivalent basis, the required quantity of inorganic fertilizer, farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost (VC) and poultry manure (PM) were applied to rice. Observations on nutrient uptake, yield and quality were recorded, and the data were analyzed using LSD at a 5% probability level for significance differences. The results revealed that higher nutrient uptake, yield and quality parameters of rice were recorded with 50% recommended dose of nitrogen through inorganic fertilizer + 50% recommended dose of nitrogen through VC + foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 & 1% FeSO4 at tillering, panicle initiation (PI) and flowering stage (T11).
The effects of facilitating conditions, digital competence, and technostress on higher education students’ digital informal learning: A moderated mediation examination
Authors: Wang Qiong , Zhao Guoqing , Zeng Jinglan
Published: September 2024

Although previous studies have highlighted the importance of facilitating conditions in enhancing students’ digital informal learning (DIL), the effect mechanism is still unclear. This study strives to examine the mediating role of digital competence and the moderating role of technostress between facilitating conditions and DIL. Data were collected from 385 undergraduates from two Chinese universities and were analysed employing AMOS and SPSS. The results indicate that: (a) Facilitating conditions predict students’ digital competence and DIL positively; (b) Digital competence has a positive mediating effect on the association between facilitating conditions and DIL; (c) Technostress plays as a negative moderator in the relationship between facilitating conditions and DIL. In conclusion, to enhance higher education students’ DIL, educators and administrators should take facilitating conditions, digital competence, and technostress into consideration.
Analysis of the Association between Eosinophilic Esophagitis and MASLD: Retrospective, Observational, Cohort Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample 2016-2020
Authors: Kohli Isha , Sohal Aalam , Patel Jay , Roytman Marina
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory condition. Associated pathologies for EoE are similar to those with metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study assesses whether an association exists between MASLD and EoE.
Methods: We used National Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2020 data to identify adult patients. ICD-10 codes were used to identify patients with MASLD and EoE. The relationship between MASLD and EoE was assessed by multivariate analysis after adjusting for confounding factors, such as patient demographics, hospital characteristics, Charlson comorbidity index, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), diabetes, hypertension (HTN), hyperlipidemia (HLD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease (CD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), smoking, alcohol use, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Results: Out of 26 million patients, 4,820 had a diagnosis of EoE. The majority of the patients were between 18 and 44 years of age (47.82%), male (54.05%), had private insurance (50.1%), and were in the highest income quartile (29.25%). A higher incidence of MASLD was noted in the EoE group than those without (6.1% vs.2.9%, p<0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, MASLD had 2.38 times higher odds of having EoE (95% CI-1.82-3.11, p<0.001). Other factors noted to be associated with higher odds of EoE included younger age, Caucasian race, IBS, GERD, IBD, and CD.
Conclusions: Our study reports a novel finding that MASLD and EoE are associated. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm and understand the clinical significance of this relationship and how one disease affects the other.
Long-Term Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Prediabetes: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Keesari Praneeth Reddy , Jain Akhil , Pulakurthi Yashwitha Sai , Katamreddy Rewanth R. , Alvi Ali Tariq , Desai Rupak
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: Prediabetes is often underdiagnosed and underreported due to its asymptomatic state in over 80% of individuals. Considering its role in promoting cancer incidence and limited evidence linking prediabetes and colorectal cancer (CRC), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the incidence of colorectal cancer in people with prediabetes.
Methods: A comprehensive search through PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar was performed until June 1, 2022, to screen for studies reporting CRC incidence/risk in prediabetics. Binary random-effects models were used to perform meta-analysis and subgroup analyses. Sensitivity analysis was done using leave-one-out method. The quality of the studies was assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa Scale for observational studies.
Results: Seven prospective and one retrospective study comprising 15 cohorts and a pooled number of 854,876 cases and 219,0511 controls were included in the analysis (2 Japan, 2 Korea, 1 Sweden, 1 UK, 1 China, and 1 USA). After combining all the studies, the forest plots for adjusted analysis shows a statistically significant increase in odds of having CRC with prediabetes (OR=1.16; 1.08–1.25, p< 0.01; I2=56.06%) and unadjusted analysis also shows a statistically significant increase in odds of having CRC with prediabetes (OR=1.62; 1.35–1.95, p< 0.01; I2=85.72% ). Sensitivity analysis using the Leave-one-out method did confirm equivalent results. Subgroup analysis based on type of study, the odds of developing CRC was higher in prospective studies (OR=1.175; 1.065-1.298) (p=0.001) than retrospective studies (OR=1.162; 1.033- 1.306) (p=0.012). The odds of developing CRC were not significantly higher in ages >60 (OR=1.446; 0.887-2.356) (p=0.139) compared to less than 60 years. The strongest association b/w prediabetes and CRC was found on a median 5-10 years (aOR=1.257; 1.029-1.534) (p=0.025) follow-up compared to < 5 years and 10 years and higher.
Conclusions: This study showed that the odds of developing CRC is 16% higher in patients with prediabetes than those with normal blood glucose. Lifestyle modifications such as weight loss, proper diet, and exercise are essential to control prediabetes. This study further warrants a specific prediabetes screening for patients already at high risk of colorectal cancer with other risk factors.
The Relationship Between Liver Fibrosis Scores and Ascending Aortic Dilatation
Authors: Duman Hakan , Durak Hüseyin , İpek Emrah , Duman Handan , Şahin Müjgan Ayşenur
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to an increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. This study investigated a potential relationship between liver fibrosis scores (LFS) reflecting NAFLD and ascending aortic dilatation (AAD).
Methods: This is an observational and cross-sectional study. Patients were consecutively enrolled from a cardiology clinic. The NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to platelet ratio (APRI), and BARD scores of each patient were calculated. The ascending aortic diameters were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography according to current clinical guidelines. The patients were allocated into two groups with and without AAD.
Results: A total of 272 patients were included in the study. In AAD group, age, patients with hypertension (HT), coronary artery disease (CAD), FIB-4 index, BARD score and the NFS were significantly higher. As compared to the AAD group, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin, and diuretic use were significantly higher in patients without aortic dilatation. The NFS with AAD, and NFS and FIB-4 index with indexed aortic diameter (AI) showed significant positive correlation (R=0.546, R=0.332, R=0.314 with p<0.001, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis hemoglobin levels (OR=0.728, 95%CI: 0.553-0.958; p=0.023), BMI (OR=0.762, 95%CI: 0.668-0.869, p<0.001), HT (OR=3.269, 95%CI: 1.045-10.220; p=0.042), BARD score (OR=1.248, 95%CIL 0.815-1.955; p=0.044), and FIB-4 index (OR=2.432, 95%CI: 1.395-4.246; p=0.002) were found to be independently related to AAD.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between NFS, FIB-4 index, BARD score and AAD. The presence of positive correlation among LFS and AAD in our study is remarkable. This may emphasize the increased risk of AAD in NAFLD.
Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Intestinal Microbiota and Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 in Overweight and Obese Individuals
Authors: Selen Halime , Küșümler Aylin Seylam , Karakan Tarkan , Moral Kenan
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: Intermittent fasting is a nutritional strategy that focuses on when to eat, rather than what to eat. Although the effectiveness of intermittent fasting practices in many metabolic diseases is known, its effect on microbiota and its underlying mechanism has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting, one of the intermittent fasting practices, on gut microbiota and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4).
Methods: The study involved 10 male volunteers, 6 of whom were overweight and 4 were obese. They fasted for an average of 14-15 hours daily from dawn to sunset during the 29-day Ramadan month between 23 March - 20 April 2023 and met the inclusion criteria. The participants‘ nutritional and physical activity status before and during Ramadan, as well as their anthropometric measurements before and after Ramadan, intestinal microbiota, transaminases, gamma-glutamyl transferase, C reactive protein, total cholesterol (C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) C, low-density lipoprotein C, triglycerides (TG), and FABP4 levels, were evaluated within the scope of the study.
Results: The study found a statistically significant increase in both alpha and beta diversity in the intestinal microbiota following Ramadan fasting (p<0.05). The F/B ratio, Firmicutes phylum, Clostridia class, Clostridiales order, and Ruminococcaceae family exhibited statistically significant decreases, while the Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria phyla, Bacteroidia, Alphaproteobacteria, and Erysipelotrichi classes, Bacteroidales, Erysipelotrichales, and Actinomycetales orders, Erysipelotrichaceae family and Prevotella genus, demonstrated statistically significant increases (p<0.05). Participants who achieved an average weight loss of 2.3±0.99 kg at the end of Ramadan showed a significant increase in HDL-C and a significant decrease in TG levels (p<0.05). Although FABP4 levels decreased after fasting, this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Ramadan fasting induces weight loss, modifies gut microbiota, and improves blood lipid profile and FABP4 levels, suggesting the need for more extensive studies.
Dynamic Contrast Ultrasound Diagnostics (CEUS) of Liver Lesions and Post-treatment Control with A New High-resolution Examination Technique (HiFR) and Perfusion
Authors: Jung Ernst Michael , Pleyer Lukas , Dropco Ivor , Kaiser Ulrich , Yi Dong , Stroszczynski Christian , Jung Friedrich
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: To evaluate, if high frame rate (HiFR) contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and external perfusion analysis (VueBox®)can give answers on liver tumour diagnostics.
Methods: A multifrequency probe (C1-6 /Resona R9) and 1-2.4 ml ultrasound contrast medium were used for CEUS up to 5-6 min. Independent analysis of DICOM-CINE files was performed, correlated to follow-up, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or histopathology.
Results: In 110 patients the difference between marginal peak enhancement (PE) of malignant and benign leasions was significant. In the peripheral area, the AUCs were lower in malignant lesions (144.8±139.3) than in benign lesions (123.6±119.8). The mean transit time (mTT) was shorter in malignant lesions in the center. In the liver parenchyma, however, the mTT was significantly longer in malignant lesions (141.6±107.9s) than in benign lesions (128.8±138.6 s). The rise time (RT) was significantly shorter central (66.5±30.9s) and peripheral (72.8±35.1s) in malignant lesions than in benign lesions (114.33±159.58s). The wash in rate (WiR) in benign lesions was 848.3±2,563.7 rU in the center. Wash-out rate (WoR) in the center, peripheral and in the liver parenchyma showed a significantly lower wash-out in the malignant lesions.
Conclusions: HiFR CEUS with perfusion analysis enables the assessment of focal, diffuse and post-interventional liver changes.
Virtual Education is the Need of the Hour for the Global Gastroenterology Community: A Survey of Leaders of Professional Gastroenterology Organizations
Authors: Makharia Govind K , Agrawal Samagra , Hansen-Barkun Christopher , Sadgehi Anahita , Moreira Leticia , Yeh Lee Yeong , Leung Wai K , Kaplan Gilaad , Leddin Desmond , Metz Geoffrey , Barkun Alan
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: Since the onset of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there has been a significant opportunity to leverage virtual platforms for communication and dissemination of knowledge. An online survey was conducted to examine the viewpoints of World Gastroenterology Organization (WGO) leaders concerning the necessity, primary priority areas, and implementation strategies for a virtual global gastroenterology educational program.
Methods: We conducted a survey of leaders of WGO member societies to assess their opinions on creating opportunities for global education using virtual platforms, identifying practical implementation steps and priority educational areas. Results: Responses were obtained from 57/117 (48.7%) contacted leaders with 56/57 (98.2%) identifying such a need. Five mutually exclusive priority educational topics were proposed in the survey: clinical gastroenterology, endoscopy, nutritional support, research methodology, and professional development. Overall, most participants prioritized clinical gastroenterology (45/57; 78.9%) and endoscopy/hand skills (27/57; 47.3%) as educational topics to be addressed by the virtual global gastroenterology educational program. A majority of WGO member society leaders surveyed favored monthly teaching activities (33/57; 57.8%), ideally carried out between 1500-2100 local time (31/57; 54.3%), ideally with no administrative fees (47/57; 82.4%).
Conclusions: This truly global survey of WGO member societies achieved a good response rate and provides important insights into the need for and scope of future virtual education programs under the aegis of the WGO.
Literacy Promotion: An Essential Component of Primary Care Pediatric Practice: Policy Statement
Authors: Klass Perri , Miller-Fitzwater Anna , High Pamela C. ,   COUNCIL ON EARLY CHILDHOOD, Anderson Ashaunta T. , Dunlap Marny , Hutton John S. , Mendelsohn Alan L. , Navsaria Dipesh , Anyigbo Chidiogo Uzoatu , Burghardt Lindsey , Glusman Mariana , Guevara James P. , Hashikawa Andrew Nobuhide , Loria Hilda Marie , Miller-Fitzwater Anna , Nelson Bergen Ballard , Garro Nicole , Gomez Maritza , Lieser Dina Joy , Parlakian Rebecca , Clark Keisha , Smiley Stephanie , Sells Jill , Alderman Sherri , Bauer Nerissa , Peacock Georgina , Shriver Amy , Takagishi Jennifer , Vanderbilt Douglas , Garagozlo Katiana , Gadhia Ami , Lee Michelle , Recio Lucy
Published: September 2024

Reading together often with infants and young children strengthens their relationships with parents and caregivers at a critical time in child development, stimulating brain circuitry and early attachment. A positive parenting practice, shared reading helps build the foundation for healthy social-emotional, cognitive, language, and literacy development, setting the stage for school readiness and providing enduring benefits across the life course.

Pediatric physicians and advanced care providers have a unique opportunity to encourage parents and caregivers to establish routines and enjoy conversations around books and stories with their children beginning in infancy. Research has demonstrated that parents read and children learn when pediatricians offer literacy promotion as a practical and evidence-based primary prevention strategy in primary care practice to support early brain and child development. This supports families with a strengths-based approach, shaping a child’s life trajectory and helping mitigate stress and adverse experiences.

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that pediatricians encourage shared reading, beginning at birth and continuing at least through kindergarten, as a strategy for supporting parents and caregivers, enhancing foundational relationships, promoting positive language-rich interactions, and helping families create nurturing and stimulating home environments. The integration of literacy promotion into pediatric resident education is crucial to achieve that goal and thus is also essential. The AAP supports advocacy toward establishing public and private funding for diverse high-quality, developmentally appropriate children’s books in the languages preferred by the family to be provided at pediatric health supervision visits to all children but especially to children living in underresourced communities. This statement is supported by multiple AAP policies and implementation resources, including the accompanying “Literacy Promotion: An Essential Component of Primary Care Pediatric Practice: Technical Report.”
Literacy Promotion: An Essential Component of Primary Care Pediatric Practice: Technical Report
Authors: Klass Perri , Mendelsohn Alan L. , Hutton John S. , Dunlap Marny , Anderson Ashaunta T. , High Pamela C. , Navsaria Dipesh ,   COUNCIL ON EARLY CHILDHOOD, Miller-Fitzwater Anna , Roby Erin , Navsaria Dipesh , Anyigbo Chidiogo Uzoatu , Glusman Mariana , Guevara James P. , Hashikawa Andrew Nobuhide , Loria Hilda Marie , Miller-Fitzwater Anna , Nelson Bergen Ballard , Garro Nicole , Gomez Maritza , Lieser Dina Joy , Parlakian Rebecca , Clark Keisha , Smiley Stephanie , Sells Jill , Alderman Sherri , Bauer Nerissa , Peacock Georgina , Shriver Amy , Takagishi Jennifer , Vanderbilt Douglas , Garagozlo Katiana , Gadhia Ami , Lee Michelle , Recio Lucy
Published: September 2024

Early literacy promotion in pediatric primary care supports parents and caregivers in reading with their children from birth, offering counseling in interactive, developmentally appropriate strategies and providing developmentally and culturally appropriate and appealing children’s books. This technical report reviews the evidence that reading with young children supports language, cognitive, and social-emotional development. Promoting early literacy in pediatric primary care offers a strengths-based strategy to support families in creating positive childhood experiences, which strengthen early relational health. An increasing body of evidence, reviewed in this report, shows that clinic-based literacy promotion, provided with fidelity to an evidence-based model, has benefits for children, for parents and caregivers, and for pediatric physicians and advanced care providers as well. Reading with young children supports early brain development and the neural “reading network,” and improves school readiness. High-quality literacy promotion is especially essential for children who face disparities and inequities because of social factors, systemic racism, and socioeconomic risk. All families benefit from high-quality and diverse books and from developmentally appropriate guidance supporting interactions around books and stories. Thus, literacy promotion can be a universal primary prevention strategy to strengthen families and support healthy development. Partnerships at community, local, and state levels offer opportunities for integration with other programs, services, and platforms. Literacy promotion in primary care pediatric practice, recognized by the American Academy of Pediatrics as an essential component since 2014, has become increasingly common. There are successful models for public funding at federal, state, county, and municipal levels, but sustainable funding, including payment to pediatric physicians and advanced care providers, remains a need so that the benefits of pediatric early literacy promotion and the joys of books and shared reading can truly be offered on a population level.
Emergency Department Visits by Adults Age 65 and Older with Alzheimer Disease: United States, 2020-2022
Authors: Loredana Santo , Schappert Susan , Ward Brian , Ogden Cynthia
Published: September 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Declines in Triplet and Higher-Order Multiples Births in the United States, 1998-2023
Authors: Martin Joyce , Osterman Michelle
Published: September 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Deaths: Leading Causes for 2022
Authors: Curtin Sally , Tejada-Vera Betzaida , Bastian Brigham
Published: September 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
“We Will Forget the Old Traditions...”: Holidays, Recreation, Everyday Practices and Upbringing of a New Student in the 1920s.
Authors: Sidorchuk Ilya
Published: September 2024

Introduction. In the early Soviet period, the “proletarization” of students became one of the most important components of the Soviet government’s policy toward higher education. To achieve this goal, a whole set of measures was applied, among which a certain role was given to building a qualitative and effective cultural and educational work (kultprosvet). Within the framework of this study, an attempt has been made to identify its main forms aimed at combating traditions, habitual practices of spending free time, and educating a “new” Soviet student. Methods and materials. The achievements of new social history and historical anthropology were applied, which made it possible to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of attempts to Sovietize students through the transformation of their everyday lives. The most informative sources for studying the problem were materials from the archival collections of Soviet universities and their party committees, where, in particular, minutes of meetings of propaganda commissions, boards of educational institutions, and reports on cultural work carried out among students are stored. Analysis. It was found that the authorities sought to quickly replace the customs, rituals, and practices familiar to the student environment. To do this, a whole range of alternative traditions was imposed on young people in parallel with the discrediting of those that were associated with “bourgeois remnants.” We are talking about new holidays, the approval of such forms of leisure as political education, the celebration of the days of the “red” calendar, sports, etc. In general, they were identical to those promoted in the work environment. These efforts did not always achieve their goal, and even the proletarian students sometimes willingly adopted pre-revolutionary values and behaviors. Results. According to the author, one of the main objectives of the state policy in the field of students was the desire to level its special position, which was fixed in the previous era. From an independent and free citizen, the student had to turn into a “staple of the proletarian regime,” which dealt a strong blow to the uniqueness of this social stratum of the population and led to the devaluation of its status.
The Influence of Soviet State Policy on School Everyday Life in Kazakhstan (1945–1955)
Authors: Bimoldanova Aigul , Bekmagambetova Maisara , Bekmagambetov Ruslan
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The work reconstructs the ideological component of Soviet children’s everyday school life in Kazakhstan, which had a huge impact on their socialization. Methods and materials. The methodological basis of the study is the theory of the sociologist P. Sztompka about the significance of “cultural trauma” in the biography of any generation of people – social tension associated with changes in society, the transformation of its values. The method of narrative interview was used in the work. Interviews were conducted with over 20 respondents whose childhood was spent in Kazakhstan in 1945–1965. Analysis. Archival data and recollections of respondents show that the school, which traditionally carried out a certain order of society, was the main mechanism in the formation of the “new Soviet person.” During the period under study, the “order” was to form a Soviet identity, with which the Soviet school and socio-political organizations represented by the pioneers and the Komsomol in Kazakhstan successfully coped. Everyday school practice reflected the ideological component of school education – all respondents, assessing their childhood from today’s standpoint, are aware of the degree of this influence. Results. A number of mechanisms were analyzed through which the official Soviet authorities formed the consciousness of the future “builders of communism”: the school, ideologized and, in fact, obligatory children’s organizations, and propaganda. The identified correspondence between the propaganda ideal and the real image of a Soviet schoolchild indicates the acceptance and assimilation of socialist values by children in Kazakhstan. The data obtained open up prospects for new research on the history of Soviet children’s everyday lives. Authors contribution. A.A. Bimoldanova proposed the idea and concept of the article and wrote the final text. M.J. Bekmagambetova prepared a historiographic review, was engaged in the identification and analysis of documentary sources from the Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and R.K. Bekmagambetov carried out the transcription and interpretation of the interview materials and the technical design of the text of the article. All three authors interviewed respondents.
May 1968 Protests in France in the Collective Memory of the European Commission Politicians
Authors: Bulavintsev Nikita
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The May 1968 protests are an important place of remembrance in the history of Europe. Methods and materials. The author uses the methods of studying collective memory to analyze the image of the May protests in the collective memory of the European Union. The article analyzes how former members of the European Commission recall the events of 1968 within the framework of The European Commission 1958–1973: History and Memories of an Institution project and how the May protests are woven into the history of European unification. The project was implemented in the early 2000s with the aim of compiling an oral history of the European Union and the European Commission in particular. Analysis. The author summarizes the image of the protests and highlights the general features of the description of the events of 1968. Based on examples of interviews with Fausta Deshormes La Valle, Odile Benoist-Lucie, Franz Froschmaier, and Raymond Barre, the article summarizes a comprehensive picture of the crisis year of 1968, which affected both the political, social, and economic spheres of life in Europe. Results. The memory of the protests, actualized through the interviews, correlates with the first reaction of European politicians in 1968. A significant difference is the selectivity of memories. Politicians in interviews do not recall the violence that the protests caused or the eclecticism of the slogans of the rebel students; the positive image of the protests dominates. The common motif present in most of the interviews is the feeling of young people’s disappointment in the ideals of a united Europe. The May protests are presented as a turning point in the history of Europe, which prompted European politicians to act and further deepen the integration.
President E. Macron and the French Political Crisis in the Aspect of the Legacy of “Gaullism”
Authors: Mulyadi Ahmad , Biryukov Sergei , Chirun Sergey
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The presidency of Emmanuel Macron during 2017–2023 was marked by the crisis of the regime of the Fifth Republic in France. The authors propose an analysis of the origins and development of this crisis. They emphasize the complex nature of the crisis, which is not opportunistic but systemic. Materials. The research is based on the data of sociological surveys, periodical materials, and electronic sources that allow us to characterize the course and current state of the political crisis of the regime of the Fifth Republic during the presidency of Emmanuel Macron, as well as the processes accompanying it. Analysis. The authors identify and analyze the manifestations of Gaullism as an anti-crisis strategy in the policy of E. Macron. The authors are describing and analyzing the growing political crisis under the leadership of E. Macron and the causes of his government failure. The authors compare the policy of E. Macron and the political strategy of Charles de Gaulle. Results. The authors conclude that E. Macron’s selective use of elements of the Gaullist strategy in order to further legitimize and strengthen the regime of personal power does not bring final success and that French society’s trust in the current government is gradually decreasing, which contributes to the deepening of the systemic crisis of the regime of the Fifth Republic. Author’s contribution. Ahmad Mulyadi prepared a material on the use of elements of Gaullism in the politics of E. Macron, S. V. Biryukov, and S. N. Chirun – on the political process and the crisis in France.
The Theme of the East in the Society of Marxist Historians in the Second Half of the 1920s – Early 1930s
Authors: Danilov Victor
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Oriental studies was not the leading direction in the activities of the society of Marxist historians (the second half of the 1920s – early 1930s), but it played a significant role in bringing this field of knowledge closer to the practical needs of the current policy of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the Comintern. Methods and materials. The research is based on traditional methods of historiographical analysis. It uses materials from historical journals of the 1920s and 1930s and archival documents. Analysis. Reports at general meetings of the Society and the History of the East section and publications in the journal “Historian-Marxist” focused on the problems of the history of the national liberation movement in colonial and dependent countries, the policy of tsarist Russia on the southern outskirts of the empire, and socialist transformations in the national republics of the USSR. If in the early years the most influential were the well-known Marxist orientalists M.P. Pavlovich, V.A. Gurko-Kryazhin, and I.M. Reisner, then in the subsequent period Oriental historians who did not have serious scientific authority but firmly adhered to the class approach occupied the leading positions in the society. After the All-Union Conference of Marxist Historians, they focused their attention on criticizing the “old bourgeois schools” in Oriental history and “exposing pseudo-Marxism in their own ranks.” Results. However, they could achieve results in solving only the second task, using, first, discussions about socio-economic formations, about the situation and tasks at the front of the study of the East, and about the non-Marxism of Gurko-Kryazhin’s historical views. The ideological turn of the mid-1930s largely devalued the importance of the research of this generation of Marxist Orientalists, and the authorities recognized the achievements of representatives of academic Oriental studies.
Burial of a Golden Horde Nomad from the Kovalevka Kurgan Cemetery
Authors: Moiseev Vladimir , Pererva Evgeniy , Moiseeva Valentina
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The article introduces into scientific circulation the archaeological and anthropological materials from the Golden Horde burial of the Kovalevka Kurgan Cemetery. Kurgan No. 35 dating back to the early Iron Age was studied in the course of the fieldwork carried out by the Volgograd State University expedition in the Oktyabrsky district of the Volgograd region in 2021. The Kurgan is located in the southern part of the cemetery on the upper terrace of the right bank of the river Aksai Esaulovsky in an arable field. Methods and materials. Two burials were examined because of the archaeological excavations. The main burial No. 2 dates back to the late Sarmatian period, while the intake burial No. 1 dates back to the middle age period. Analysis and results. New anthropological materials were obtained in the course of the excavations, which complement our understanding of the nomadic population from the Lower Volga region. The bone remains belonged to a male individual of mesomorphic build of about 164.5 cm tall with a long and narrow skull. A set of pathological conditions were recorded on his bones, appearing because of an active lifestyle and professional activity. The outcomes of the archaeological study of the Kurgan No. 35 from the Kovalevka Kurgan cemetery as of 2021 can be used in the museum and local history work, as well as in studies of the Lower Volga regional ancient history. Authors’ contributions. In this study, V.I. Moiseev and V.Yu. Moiseeva prepared a descriptive part of the archaeological material, carried out the funeral rites and grave goods analyses, and prepared conclusions based on the results of the research. E.V. Pererva conducted a study of anthropological material and defined the craniological, osteological, and pathological features of the individual from burial 1 of the Kurgan No. 35.
History of Coin Minting in Yerevan
Authors: Kuliyev Teymur
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The purpose of the article is to study the coinage in Yerevan, which is one of the ancient cities of the Caucasus, located on the most important trade routes. The study of the history of the Yerevan Mint is important for the study of topical socio-economic and political issues of the history of the Caucasus. Methods and materials. Based on the comparative method, the article examines the coinage in Erivan using written and numismatic sources. Along with the descriptions of coins given by R.S. Pul, A.K. Markov, R. Fasmer, E.A. Pakhomov, M.A. Seyfeddini, A.M. Rajabli, E.A. Sinitsyna, and A.V. Hakobyan, information taken from medieval written historical sources containing important data on Yerevan, such as the works of Arakel Davrizhetsi, Zakaria Akulisi, Kirakos Gandzaketsi, Parsadan Gorgijanizde, Evliya Chelyabi, and Iskender bek Munshi Turkman, is also used. Analysis and results. Having arisen during the period of weakening of the Hulaguid state, the Yerevan Mint began periodically minting coins under the Safavid dynasty and under subsequent rulers from the Afsharid dynasty, Zand dynasty, and Qajar dynasty. Tаnka was fought in Yerevan until the mid-90s of the 16th century. The catalogs describe the tankas minted at the Yerevan Mint on behalf of Tahmasp I and Ismail II. As a result of the monetary reform of Abbas the Great in 1595, abbasi weighing 7.8 grams began to be minted at the Yerevan mint. The location of the Erivan Khanate on favorable trade routes contributed to the activation of the mint of the Erivan Khanate. The coins found in the Caucasian coin hoards, minted at the Yerevan mint, testify to the developed trade relations of Yerevan with the countries of the East. Until 1828, the monetary circulation and coinage of the Erivan/Yerevan Khanate were integral parts of the currency and coinage of Qajar Iran.
Studying and Collecting Coins of the Golden Horde in the Russian Empire in the Late 17th – Early 19th Centuries
Authors: Pachkalov Alexander
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The purpose of the article is to find out the state of Jochi numismatics in the Russian Empire by the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th centuries. The novelty of the research. For the first time in one work, the currently known information about the origin of the study of the coins of the Golden Horde in the 18th century is presented. The beginning of systematic coin collecting in Russia was laid by Peter I, who himself was one of the first Russian collectors and collected coins, including “Tatar” (i.e. Golden Horde) coins in his collection. Methods and materials. Numismatics is based on information from a number of human sciences: paleography, chronology, etc. Numismatics is characterized by a complex study of coins and attention to their role in historical processes. The materials for writing the article were mainly publications of the late 17th century – early 19th century, containing information about the coins of the Golden Horde. Analysis. In 1714, the Cabinet of Curiosities – the Kunstkamera – was founded in St. Petersburg. Before the emergence of the Hermitage, it was the Kunstkamera, which had its own Mintskabinet, that was the main numismatic treasury of Russia; coins from its collection later entered the Hermitage. There is evidence that Golden Horde coins were also stored in the Kunstkamera of the 18th century. The origin of private coin collecting in Russia, including Juchid coins (collections of Y.V. Bruce, A.P. Volynsky, P.I. Musin-Pushkin, etc.), belongs to the first half of the 18th century. Readings of inscriptions on coins (and, accordingly, definitions) were often erroneous. Rather, the exception is the activity of the orientalist Georg Jacob Kehr (1692–1740), who was in many ways ahead of the level of science of his time and who, judging by the surviving prints, made many correct definitions. Results. There was no systematic fixation of coin finds in the 18th century; only fragmentary information about the places of coin finds (Bolgar and Selitrennoe settlements, etc.) was preserved. At the same time, the base created in the 18th century (the development of private coin collecting, the Mintskabinet in the Kunstkamera, the activities of G.J. Kehr, etc.) contributed to bringing research to a qualitatively new level in the first half of the 19th century.
Foreign Adoptions in Exterior of the Russian Change Money of 1718–1724
Authors: Serov Vadim
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The last phase of Peter’s coinage reform was marked, among others, by the alteration of all coin denomination appearances, specifically small ones. The reasons for this did not receive a clear explanation in the specialized literature, and the question of the origin of the forms of the new coin design was not raised at all. The article asks these questions, and it offers a historical reconstruction of novelties in the minor coins exterior of 1711–1724. The analysis of Russian and foreign numismatic material gives any possibility to conclude about the elaboration and introduction of a new design concept in this period, which was distinguished by the more simplicity of coin images. Comparing the exterior’s details of new Russian coins with foreign ones does point to the most probable sources and forms of the adoption. Conclusions. The change of the concept of coin appearance began in 1711 and finished in 1724. As a result, small denominations forfeited their long legends and bulky images. Each adoption was targeted to a concrete part of coin space; it was selected by Peter’s choice and taste. This explains both why the concept of the design was realized so long and why the sources of adoption were so numerous – from countries in Europe and Asia.