bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Psychometric Validation of Turkish Versions of Four Scales: The Foreign Language Enjoyment, Peace of Mind, Boredom, and Classroom Anxiety Scales
Authors: Yeşilçınar Sabahattin , Dewaele Jean-Marc , Erdemir Nihan
Published: February 2025

In this study, we present psychometrically validated Turkish versions of four popular foreign language learner emotion scales. They include the Foreign Language Classroom Peace of Mind Scale (Zhou et al., 2023), the Short-Form Foreign Language Enjoyment Scale (Botes et al., 2021), the Short-Form Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (Botes et al., 2022a), and the Foreign Language Classroom Boredom Scale (Li et al., 2023). We collected data from 1202 Turkish to English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Cross-validation analyses confirmed the scales’ applicability and reliability among these Turkish learners, and, measurement invariance (configural, metric, and scalar) analyses revealed consistency in respondents’ emotional experiences across diverse educational levels, enabling valid cross-group comparisons. Although strict invariance across student subgroups was not achieved, our findings provide Turkish researchers with four valid instruments for collecting emotional data from Turkish learners. The scale means and relationships between the four emotions measured with these adapted scales were comparable to those established in previous studies.
An Operator-Asymptotic Approach to Periodic Homogenization for Equations of Linearized Elasticity
Authors: Lim Yi-Sheng , Žubrinić Josip
Published: February 2025

We present an operator-asymptotic approach to the problem of homogenization of periodic composite media in the setting of three-dimensional linearized elasticity. This is based on a uniform approximation with respect to the inverse wavelength [Formula: see text] for the solution to the resolvent problem when written as a superposition of elementary plane waves with wave vector (“quasimomentum”) [Formula: see text]. We develop an asymptotic procedure in powers of [Formula: see text], combined with a new uniform version of the classical Korn inequality. As a consequence, we obtain [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and higher-order [Formula: see text] norm-resolvent estimates in [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text] and higher-order [Formula: see text] correctors emerge naturally from the asymptotic procedure, and the former is shown to coincide with the classical formulae.
Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S Mutant-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumorigenesis
Authors: Jeng Long-Bin , Chan Wen-Ling , Teng Chiao-Fang
Published: February 2025

Background: Despite significant progress in diagnosis and therapeutics, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still among the most commonly occurring and life-taking human cancers globally, raising an urgent need for discovering effective therapeutic targets.

Purpose: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major etiological factor associated with HCC development, progression, and prognosis. Pre-S mutants are naturally occurring mutated forms of HBV large surface proteins and predict a higher risk of HCC development and recurrence. Moreover, pre-S mutants function as important HBV oncoproteins which can promote HCC tumorigenesis through initiating a variety of oncogenic signaling pathways. Targeting pre-S mutant-induced oncogenic signaling pathways displays therapeutic potential in HCC.

Research Design: This review summarizes the underlying molecular mechanisms of pre-S mutant-associated HCC tumorigenesis and highlights their potential in serving as therapeutic targets for HCC.
A personal but shared burden: Developing a multiple-group internalized stigma scale (MGISS)
Authors: Castro Diego , Mehta Pranjal , Frost David M.
Published: February 2025

Individuals from different marginalized groups can internalize negative social beliefs about themselves and their groups. However, a scale that allows for direct comparisons of internalized stigma across multiple groups has not yet been developed. This paper presents the development and validation of the Multiple-Group Internalized Stigma Scale (MGISS). Participants were recruited from four stigmatized groups representing the possible combinations of the stigma characteristics of mutability and concealability (i.e., Black or Indigenous, lesbian, gay or bisexual, higher body-weight, and working-class people). Study 1 developed the scale across the four groups and in English- and Spanish-speaking countries (i.e., the UK and Chile, N = 238). Study 2 replicated the results with a larger sample of emerging adults in Chile ( N = 729). The MGISS demonstrated good levels of reliability and validity, with two factors: self-focused and group-focused. Levels of internalized stigma were higher among groups with mutable characteristics and were associated with higher levels of felt stigma and psychological distress. The MGISS provides a valuable tool for research on prejudice and stigma, particularly in studies involving multiple marginalized groups.
Student’s experience in using simulators for the development of complex skills in logistics education: assessing enjoyment of learning
Authors: Pacheco-Velázquez Ernesto Armando , Rodés-Paragarino Virginia , Ramírez-Echeverri Sergio Augusto
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the efficacy of game-based learning (GBL) in logistics education, specifically through an empirical evaluation of the “Logistics Simulator LOST.” Recognizing the complexities of evaluating serious games— interactive serious games platforms designed for educational, purpose—the article emphasizes the need for games that both enhance knowledge and engage learners. The study is conducted within the ambit of an undergraduate engineering course in Mexico and employs the EGameFlow scale as its evaluative instrument. This scale quantifies student satisfaction and intrinsic enjoyment derived from the learning process. Findings indicate that the Logistics Simulator LOST is highly effective in both knowledge enhancement in logistics and in elevating student engagement and satisfaction. By leveraging a formal evaluation tool in the EGameFlow scale and focusing on a specific educational context, the manuscript offers a nuanced, empirically substantiated contribution to the discourse on the adaptability and efficacy of GBL in diverse educational settings.
The role of exercise in alleviating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms: addressing diagnostic challenges and management shortcomings
Authors: Hailu Gebrezabher Niguse , Gebremariam Meles Mebrahtu , Meles Hailemariam Atsbeha
Published: February 2025

Background

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent yet intricate gastrointestinal condition that poses substantial challenges in both diagnosis and treatment. The lack of definitive diagnostic markers and the focus on symptom-based therapies often result in inadequate relief for patients, leading to frustration and psychological distress. In areas where access to healthcare is limited, the uncertainty surrounding IBS frequently drives patients to explore alternative treatments, including traditional medicine, which can potentially worsen the condition or introduce new health risks.

Aim

This case report study aimed to examine the underappreciated role of exercise as a viable treatment for IBS, shedding light on the shortcomings of current diagnostic and therapeutic practices. It provides an important perspective on the diagnostic and treatment challenges of IBS and presents exercise as a highly effective non-pharmacological intervention that is often underutilized in clinical practice in Ethiopia.
Optimizing Recruitment and Retention in Cancer Clinical Trials in Low-Resource Settings: Barriers and Facilitators From Nigerian Provider's Perspectives
Authors: Olakunde Babayemi O. , Idemili-Aronu Ngozi , Friebel-Klingner Tara M. , Chike-Okoli Adaeze , Itanyi Ijeoma U. , Onyeka Tonia C. , Levinson Kimberly , Rositch Anne F. , Roden Richard B.S. , Wu Tzyy-Choou , Ezeanolue Echezona E.
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE

The under-representation of African countries in cancer clinical trials continues to widen the cancer health disparity. In this study, we assessed health care workers' perspectives on recruitment and retention in cancer clinical trials in Nigeria.

METHODS

This study was a convergent parallel mixed-methods design, using a survey for quantitative analysis and focus group discussions (FGDs) for further qualitative investigation. The health care providers that participated in the study were drawn from the ICON-3 Practice-based Research Network across the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria.

RESULTS

Of the 42 providers, 35 completed the survey and 25 participated in the FGDs. The most cited (agreed or strongly agreed) patient-related barriers were lack of understanding of cancer clinical trials (83%), cultural barriers (77%), and lack of financial compensation for study visits (77%). The most cited provider-related barriers were negative attitude of the clinical team (89%), lack of training in good clinical practice (89%), and an overwhelming clinical workload (86%). On trial-related barriers, about 71% agreed or strongly agreed that lack of trial publicity was a barrier. Over 90% of the respondents agreed or strongly agreed that several factors, including the friendliness of the study team (97%) and clarity in the presentation of trial information (97%), are important facilitators. The FGDs unveiled additional themes, including systems-related barriers such as lack of infrastructure, limited research collaboration, and prolonged ethical approval process, and capacity building and community engagement as potential facilitators.

CONCLUSION

Our study provides providers' perspectives on the barriers and facilitators to the recruitment and retention of participants in cancer clinical trials in a low-resource setting and highlights the need for culturally appropriate recruitment strategies.
Transcriptomic characterization of postnatal muscle maturation in mice, with a focus on myopathy-associated genes
Authors: Simon Alix , Djeddi Sarah , Bournon Pauline , Reiss David , Thompson Julie , Laporte Jocelyn
Published: February 2025

Gene differential expression (DE) and alternative splicing (AS) are mechanisms that give rise to a plethora of tissue-specific transcripts. While these mechanisms have been studied in various tissues, their role during muscle maturation is not well understood. Since this stage of development is impaired in multiple muscular diseases, we used RNA-seq to analyze transcriptome remodeling in skeletal muscle from late embryonic stage (E18.5) to adult mouse (7 weeks). Major transcriptomic changes were detected, especially in the first two weeks after birth with a total of 8571 DE genes and 3096 AS genes. Comparison of these two mechanisms showed that they regulate different biological processes essential for the structure and function of skeletal muscle. Investigation of genes mutated in muscle disorders revealed previously unknown transcripts. In particular, we validated a novel exon in Lrp4, a gene mutated in congenital myasthenia, in mice and human. Overall, the characterization of the transcriptome in disease-relevant tissues revealed key pathways in the regulation of tissue maturation and function. Importantly, the exhaustive description of AS and resulting transcripts can improve genetic diagnosis.
EL SEÑOR DE LAS RATAS: LA REPRESENTACIÓN DE LA PESTE NEGRA EN LOS VIDEOJUEGOS A PLAGUE TALE (2019-2022)
Authors: VILAR OLIVEIRA LEANDRO
Published: February 2025

A Plague Tale consta de dos videojuegos ambientados en la Francia medieval del siglo XIV, en los que seguimos la trayectoria de los hermanos Amicia y Hugo, quienes tienen que escapar de una misteriosa y mortal plaga de ratas, mientras son perseguidos por la inquisición y una secta antigua. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo la imaginería medieval de la Peste Negra fue reinterpretada por el imaginario para ser presentada en el lenguaje de los videojuegos.
EXPIACIÓN Y POLÍTICA PENITENCIARIA: ALARCÓN EN EL CINE FRANQUISTA DE LOS CUARENTA
Authors: DIEZ PUERTAS EMETERIO
Published: February 2025

A mediados de los años cuarenta, el cine franquista adapta una serie de novelas de Pedro Antonio de Alarcón. Entre ellas están El escándalo (1943), El clavo (1944) y La Pródiga (1946). Las tres tienen, como cronotopo, el camino de la vida y, como motivo literario, la expiación. Nuestra hipótesis es que estas películas explican al espectador de entonces la política de castigo e indulto que el régimen había adoptado con los presos republicanos. Una política marcada por una coyuntura internacional muy difícil, pues cada vez es más evidente que el Eje perderá la II Guerra Mundial y se presiona a los aliados para que invadan España. En concreto, veremos que a una política penitenciaria donde el delito se equipara al pecado le corresponde un relato cinematográfico basado en el cronotopo del camino de la vida. Este relato nos presenta a unos personajes pecadores o culpables, trasunto de los presos y exilados republicanos, que en el transcurso de la trama reconocen su culpa y un sacerdote les indica cómo expiar la pena y redimirse.
LAS AUTONOSUYAS (1983): UNA SÁTIRA NEOFRANQUISTA EN EL CINE DE LA TRANSICIÓN ESPAÑOLA
Authors: MAGALDI ADRIÁN
Published: February 2025

Las autonosuyas fue una polémica película dirigida por Rafael Gil en 1983 basada en el libro homónimo de Fernando Vizcaíno Casas. Dicha producción, típica de las comedias políticas de la España de la Transición, fue una sátira neofranquista en la cual trataba de criticarse lo que se percibía como los excesos de la democratización, con especial atención a la construcción del Estado de las Autonomías. El propósito de este artículo es, tras situar la película en su contexto cinematográfico, abordar su producción y argumento para analizar su discurso histórico y la evolución de su recepción, desde las críticas recibidas en los consensos de la época, hasta su recuperación por la actual derecha mediática.
LOS INICIOS DEL REINADO DE CARLOS III A TRAVÉS DEL CINE: PROPUESTA PARA EL ANÁLISIS DEL FILM ESQUILACHE (1989)
Authors: AGUDÍN MENÉNDEZ JOSÉ LUIS
Published: February 2025

En las páginas que siguen se presenta una guía didáctica con la que abordar en las aulas de Bachillerato uno de los pocos filmes que trata la penetración de la Ilustración en España y el conflicto social más significativo que marcó el devenir del reinado de Carlos III: Esquilache (1989). Este artículo trata de presentar todos sus entresijos y se interrelaciona con el contexto en que se produjo: el segundo centenario de la muerte de Carlos III y la consolidación de la democracia en nuestro país. Tal guía comprende el conjunto de actividades que se pueden realizar desde la historia e historia del arte, de acuerdo con las directrices de la reciente Ley Orgánica 3/2020, de 29 de diciembre, por la que se modifica la Ley Orgánica 2/2006, de 3 de mayo, de Educación (LOMLOE).
30º ANIVERSARIO. EL GENOCIDIO EN RUANDA Y EL CINE
Authors: Barrenetxea Marañón Igor
Published: February 2025

Análisis sobre el aniversario del genocidio en Ruanda en el cine.
PÉREZ MONTFORT, Ricardo (2023): Disparos, plata y celuloide. Historia, fotografía y cine en México 1846-1982
Authors: Salazar Rebolledo Juan Alberto
Published: February 2025

Reseña de libro de cine
Meriones unguiculatus serves as a spontaneous primary aldosteronism rodent model
Authors: You Mei , Lu Zongshi , Wang Bowen , Liu Min , Zhou Qing , Li Li , Tong Dan , Zhao Yu , Zhang Hexuan , Bai Zhongping , Wang Lijuan , Cao Tingbing , Gao Peng , Yan Zhencheng , Zhu Zhiming
Published: February 2025

Background

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of endocrine hypertension. The available animal models of PA rely on gene manipulation, thus fail to duplicate the general pathological process of PA in humans. Meriones unguiculatus (MU) has been reported to possess a large size of adrenal gland and an elevated ability to save water. In this study, we aimed to confirm whether MU can serve as an ideal animal model of PA.

Methods

Sprague Dawley rats of the same body weight (SD1) or age (SD2) as MU were used as control groups. Blood pressure and serum aldosterone, renin and electrolyte levels were measured, and the oral salt loading test was used as confirmatory test to compare the inhibition level of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) among the three groups. The expression and distribution of CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase) were evaluated in the adrenal gland of each group.

Results

MU exhibited typical clinical manifestations of PA, including hypertension, hyperaldosteronism, low renin levels and strong sodium retention and potassium excretion abilities. Compared with control groups, the inhibitory effect of a high-sodium diet on the RAAS was milder in MU, accompanied by significant cardiac dysfunction. The protein expression level and distribution area of CYP11B2 were significantly increased in the adrenal gland of MU.

Conclusion

The current study reveals that MU could serve as an ideal spontaneous PA model. The increased expression and distribution of CYP11B2 stimulate the excessive aldosterone production in a renin-independent manner, leading to a significant increase in blood pressure in MU.
Cancer prevalence and its determinants in Hungary: Analyzing data from the 2009, 2014, and 2019 European Health Interview Surveys
Authors: Ghanem Amr Sayed , Faludi Eszter Vargáné , Bata Róbert , Mezei Emese , Hadar Vanessza , Móré Marianna , Tóth Ágnes , Nagy Attila Csaba
Published: February 2025

Background and aim Hungary has the fifth highest cancer incidence rate in the European Union, with an age-standardized rate (ASR) of 336.7 per 100,000 according to GLOBOCAN 2022. Additionally, Hungary holds the highest cancer mortality rate in the EU, with an ASR of 148.1 per 100,000. This study aimed to investigate the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and chronic disease-related factors affecting cancer prevalence in the Hungarian population. Materials and methods Data from the 2009, 2014, and 2019 installments of the European Health Interview Survey conducted in Hungary were pooled, resulting in a representative sample of 16,480 individuals. Weighted multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze the data, with goodness of fit assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The best-fitting models were further evaluated using ROC analysis to calculate the Area Under the Curve (AUC) to assess discriminative ability. Results Urban residency was associated with higher cancer odds in 2014 (OR 1.85 [CI: 1.08–3.16]) and the pooled data (OR 1.44 [CI: 1.08–1.9]). Employed individuals had lower odds of cancer (2014: OR 0.34 [CI: 0.16–0.74]; pooled: OR 0.64 [CI: 0.45–0.92]). Among comorbid conditions, peptic ulcer (2009: OR 1.74 [CI: 1.13–2.69]; 2019: OR 3.2 [CI: 1.58–6.47]; pooled: OR 1.83 [CI: 1.31–2.54]) and chronic liver disease (2009: OR 3.52 [CI: 1.73–7.17]; pooled: OR 2.5 [CI: 1.4–4.47]) were significantly associated with higher cancer odds. Reporting bad health was linked to increased cancer risk (2009: OR 2.92 [CI: 1.87–4.58]; 2014: OR 5.52 [CI: 3.23–9.45]; 2019: OR 2.23 [CI: 1.26–3.95]). Conclusion Comorbid conditions such as peptic ulcer and chronic liver disease significantly increase cancer risk in Hungary. Urban residents require targeted preventive measures, and unemployment should be addressed. Early detection through appropriate screening and effective management of comorbid conditions are essential to prevent escalation and reduce overall cancer prevalence.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological treatments to improve sleep quality in university students
Authors: Tadros Michelle , Newby Jill M. , Li Sophie , Werner-Seidler Aliza
Published: February 2025

Objective

This paper reviews the literature evaluating psychological treatments to improve sleep quality in young adult university students.

Method

Participants (N = 6179) were young adult (aged 18–30 years) university students. Databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, EMBASE and Medline) were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating psychological treatments for sleep disturbance in university students. The search date was 20 September 2024.

Results

22 original trials met inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed that psychological interventions outperformed control groups (n = 14) on improving sleep quality (g = 0.50, 95%CI:0.26–0.73). There were significantly different effect sizes found between studies that evaluated cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia (CBT-I; n = 6, g = 0.72, CI: 0.43–1.02) versus studies that evaluated mindfulness interventions (n = 5, g = 0.16, 95% CI: -0.18–0.51).

Conclusions

Psychological treatments improve sleep quality for young adult university students. While CBT-I showed larger effect sizes than interventions focused on mindfulness, further research is needed to verify if this reflects a true difference in the efficacy of the interventions.
Table tennis coaching system based on a multimodal large language model with a table tennis knowledge base
Authors: Ma Wenlong , Liu Yang , Yi Qing , Liu Xutao , Xing Wei , Zhao Rongji , Liu Huan , Li Rongzhi
Published: February 2025

Table tennis is one of the most popular sports in the world, and it plays a positive role in the overall development of people’s physical and mental health. This study develops an AI table tennis coaching system using a Multimodal Large Language Model with a table tennis knowledge base, aiming to provide precise training guidance and match strategies for table tennis beginners. Method: By using visual recognition technology, motion capture technology, and advanced multimodal large language models with a comprehensive professional table tennis knowledge base, the system accurately identifies common errors made by beginners and provides targeted training guidance. Result: The AI Table Tennis Coaching System demonstrates high accuracy in identifying mistakes made by beginner players, particularly in recognizing arm-related errors and racket-related errors, with accuracies reaching 73% and 82% respectively. Conclusion: The system operates at low costs, is easy to deploy, and offers a high cost-performance ratio, providing effective technological support for table tennis teaching and training. The AI table tennis coaching system is expected to play a significant role in enhancing training efficiency, promoting athlete skill improvement, and popularizing the sport. Future research will focus on improving the accuracy of footwork recognition in AI table tennis coaching systems and expanding their capability to provide training guidance for high-level athletes, thereby promoting the overall advancement of table tennis.
Prediction of pavement water film depth and estimation of critical rainfall conditions for refined road safety management: A simulation study
Authors: Xu Jinliang , Lv Wenzhen , Gao Chao , Xin Tian , Liu Xiantong , Hou Yahao
Published: February 2025

The development of a smart expressway ensuring all-weather safe access represents the future trajectory of transportation infrastructure. A key task in this advancement is the precise prediction of water film depth (WFD) on road surfaces. Conventional WFD prediction models often assume constant grade and cross slope, an oversimplification that may affect predictive accuracy. In this study, typical highway alignments were meticulously modeled in three dimensions (3D) using Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, and WFD simulations were conducted using a coupled discrete phase model and Eulerian wall film model (DE-WFD model). Simulation results revealed that the DE-WFD model consistently predicts higher WFD compared to the RRL and PAVDRN models. In contrast, its predictions are approximately 0.12 mm (40%) lower than those of the Gallaway model when rainfall intensity is below 7.8 mm/h. At higher rainfall intensities, DE-WFD predictions closely align with the Gallaway model. Field tests conducted with a feeler gauge of 0.01 mm resolution confirmed the accuracy of these predictions, showing a maximum deviation of just 7% between predicted and measured values. Additionally, the study assessed the sensitivity of the DE-WFD model to variations in grade and cross slope along the road length. Results indicated that on road surfaces employing dispersed drainage, WFD is approximately 6% higher at sag vertical curves and lower at crest vertical curves compared to constant slope segments. Moreover, WFD increases by over 35% at superelevation transitions. To quantify the impact of rainfall on road safety, a critical WFD parameter was developed. This parameter defines the maximum WFD under specific rainfall conditions that reduces the pavement-tire tangential friction coefficient to a level corresponding to the standard stopping sight distance. Using the DE-WFD model, simulations of hourly rainfall intensity and duration identified conditions under which WFD reaches this critical value for various roadway geometries. These findings provide valuable references for the precision management of highway operational safety. This suggests that traffic safety authorities should implement warning and intervention measures when critical rainfall conditions are exceeded to ensure driving safety.
Calculation of standard bodyweights for dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs
Authors: Becker Stuart D. , O’Neill Dan G. , Frosini Siân-Marie , Stapleton Laura E. , Hughes David M. , Brodbelt Dave C.
Published: February 2025

Standard bodyweights are an essential component of calculations that summarise many population-level measures in companion animals, including the defined daily doses for veterinary species (DDDVet) reporting antimicrobial usage. Standard species bodyweights may originate from data derived from clinical records, but current methods to obtain these values risk inaccuracy because they exclude measurements obtained from juvenile animals and consider only individuals that have achieved stable adult bodyweight. This study aimed to improve the accuracy of standard population level species bodyweights through the development of a prediction modelling approach to estimate point mean population bodyweight in dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs. Data were obtained from the VetCompass database and included bodyweight measurements from approximately three million dogs, two million cats, 220,000 rabbits and 62,000 guinea pigs across 1,800 veterinary practices in the United Kingdom. Initially, Loess models were used to identify the age at which juvenile animals transitioned from growth to stable adult bodyweight. Linear mixed effects models were developed to predict juvenile growth, calibrated such that predicted cessation of growth matched that observed in the Loess models. The prediction models were then used to adjust bodyweight measurements obtained from clinical records of juvenile patients, allowing historical measurements to be included for estimation of a point mean population bodyweight on a subsequent specified target date. Juvenile growth transitioned to stable adult bodyweight at approximately 14 months in dogs, and 13 months in cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs. Point mean whole-population bodyweights estimated on 31st December for each year 2014 – 2023 found that the mean bodyweight of cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs was approximately 4.2 kg, 2.3 kg, and 1.0 kg respectively and changed little over this time period. However, dogs showed a trend to lower mean bodyweight over time, with a mean value of 17.6 kg in 2014, reducing to 16.1 kg by 2023.
Mapeamento da paisagem escolar e o risco socioambiental no espaço urbano
Authors: Juscélia Souza Carla , Giarola Lucas , Araújo Isadora
Published: February 2025

O texto apresenta e discute resultados de pesquisa sobre a paisagem do contexto escolar. Destaca o processo de mapeamento dessa paisagem com ênfase nos componentes físico-naturais e sociais que compõem o espaço e nas alterações ocorridas na paisagem no intervalo de 15 anos. As informações levantadas com o mapeamento ajudam a discutir a dinâmica da paisagem com base na concepção sistêmica e integrada do espaço geográfico.No estudo, áreas de risco socioambiental são identificadas e decorrem da interação dos aspectos físico-naturais, sociais e econômicos que fazem parte da história do espaço urbano estudado. O mapeamento revela diversas alterações na paisagem de duas escolas. As informações e a discussão realizada são direcionadas para o ensino de geografia como proposta de ensino-aprendizagem do conteúdo risco socioambiental, de maneira significativa, participativa e crítica.
Detection of changes in land use and land cover by globeland 30. Case: Talassemtane National Park, morocco
Authors: Chemchaoui Abdelazziz , El Asri Bouchra , Souad Ghazi
Published: February 2025

Detecting changes in land use and land cover plays an important role in monitoring the regressive or progressive dynamics of forested areas. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing enable these changes to be monitored and detected by using land cover maps generated for multiple dates. Several institutions are involved in the production of such products. The GlobeLand30 (GL30) map, the first 30 m resolution land cover map is one of these products. We used GL30 for the Talassemtane National Park (TNP) area and for different time periods: 2000, 2010, and 2020. This allowed us to generate land use and land cover maps for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, and also to produce maps of changes in land use and land cover between 2000-2010 and 2010-2020. The results showed a decline in forest area, estimated at 4039 ha during the period 2000-2010, and 442.62 ha during the period 2010-2020. This study will be used for research studies in the TNP area, particularly for monitoring deforestation.
A nemzetközi kiküldetés során elsajátított tudás típusai, alkalmazhatósága és átadhatósága
Authors: Szulovszky Mária , Pongor-Juhász Anna Orsolya , Kovács Zsuzsa
Published: February 2025

A XXI. század gazdaságában a nemzetközi vállalatok egységei közötti hatékony tudásátadás döntő fontosságú az üzleti siker szempontjából, a nemzetköziesedés pedig előidézte a kiküldöttek számának növekedését. Bár a tudástranszfert meghatározó tényezők több tanulmányban is megjelentek, a kiküldetések szerepét kevéssé vizsgálta eddig a hazai szakirodalom, és a kiküldöttek által elsajátított tudás típusaira és jellemzőire fókuszáló tanulmány sem született. A szerzők feltáró kutatásának egyik kérdése ezért az volt, hogy a nemzetközi kiküldetést megjárt magyar munkavállalók milyen tudástípusokat sajátítottak el kiküldetésük alatt, illetve mennyiben találták ezeket alkalmazhatónak és átadhatónak a hazai leányvállalatnál. Tanulmányuk ismerteti a kiküldöttek által elősegített tudástranszfer négy kulcstényezőjét, majd 12 félig strukturált interjú alapján mutatja be és elemzi a kiküldetésben elsajátítható tudás típusait, valamint ezek hazatérés utáni alkalmazhatóságát és átadhatóságát. A kiküldöttek bővíthetik szakmai ismereteiket, személyes és szociális készségeiket, kontextuális és kapcsolati tudásukat, valamint gondolkodásmódjuk is változhat a külföldön töltött idő hatására, a tudáselemek itthoni alkalmazhatósága és átadhatósága ugyanakkor több tényező függvénye.
K vyhlašování předpisů
Authors: Sládeček Vladimír
Published: February 2025

The author analyses and makes critical remarks upon the rules governing the publication of legal and internal regulations. The study is divided into four parts. The first part is devoted to definitions of fundamental terms such as formal and material publications, validity, coming into force, vacatio legis, etc. In the second part the author outlines the recent developments in the regulation governing the publications by the legislature of its enactments as well as other forms of legislation (delegated legislation) with a special stress laid upon the events of the early 1990s. The third part deals with the current regulation of the publication of legal norms as it is applied throughout the country (mainly constitutional provisions and the Act No. 309/1999 Coll. of Laws, on Collection of Laws and Collection of International Treaties). The author also mentions the gaps in the regulation and makes some suggestions de lege ferenda. The fourth part examines some other laws in the light of the point in question as well as the publication of local legislation, especially the norms adopted by self-governing units (communities and regions). The author puts special emphasis upon some of the decisions made by the Constitutional Court which are promulgated in the Collection of Laws and affect the national system of law (esp. decisions on annulment of enactments made by the legislature or individual provisions thereof, where these are in contravention of a constitutional law or an international convention on human rights).
Kultowy wymiar gór
Authors: Drozdowicz Zbigniew
Published: February 2025

Even for people who are quite “resistant” to the beauty of nature, mountains can make quite an impression – especially when you stand at the foot of a large mountain and look towards its cloud-covered peak. For centuries, this has translated into various cult forms – from mythological to tourist ones. In these considerations, I present selected aspects of this cult and cite its selected examples. Not in every case the peaks of these mountains reach the “heaven” – not only atmospheric, but also religious. However, in each they are linked to culturally significant beliefs and practices. Some of them appeared in the distant past and even if they have survived to modern times, they have been adapted to the currently accepted and implemented cultural standards. However, there are also those that have resisted such adaptation attempts and remain as living monuments of the past.
Góry jako przestrzenie sakralne. Tradycja i nowoczesność
Authors: Sztajer Sławomir
Published: February 2025

Mountains have always played an important role in the religiosity and spirituality of different cultures. They have been seen both as sacred spaces and as special bridges between the temporal and supernatural worlds, or as places that connect different cosmic levels. In religious traditions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, and indigenous religions, mountains have been places of revelation, mystical experience, meditation, and worship. This article discusses the significance of mountains in selected traditional beliefs and rituals, emphasizing their role as material vehicles of spiritual heritage. This traditional approach is contrasted with contemporary ways of interpreting the sacredness of mountains, especially those interpretations shaped by secularization and modernization. Phenomena such as experiences of well-known alpinists and ordinary tourists, literary narratives and works of art show how the sacred character of mountains is adapting to modern realities.
Tajemnice i poszukiwanie bezpieczeństwa. O sposobach utraty tajemnic inadziejach na ich odzyskanie. Część II
Authors: Szulakiewicz Marek
Published: February 2025

Mysteries have appeared in many areas of past culture as one of the prerequisites for asking about the world. However, the old forms of their appearance and the philosophers’ (Heidegger’s) dreams of the necessity of returning to them belong to the past. The article attempts to answer the question of the meaning of mystery in our culture, philosophy and religion. It characterises the social and metaphysical dimensions of the secret and contrasts secret and mystery. In metaphysical terms, the secret refers to the way in which the world and man exist, and not to a lack of knowledge. In it (and through it) the world appears as not complete, not fulfilled, not finished and always unfinished, but open to new possibilities. The text also shows and discusses the processes of demystification and their consequences for man and culture. The last section of the article shows areas in which the hope for a restoration of culture has remained. These are religion and science. In its essential aspect, religion is naturally interwoven with mystery. Modern science also takes a “step back” in the face of a soulless and objectified reality. It maximises the role of the cognitive subject and minimises the objectification of the world.
Stimulus-dependent expression ofBdnfis mediated by ATF2, MYT1L, and EGR1 transcription factors
Authors: Esvald Eli-Eelika , Moistus Andra , Lehe Karin , Avarlaid Annela , Šubina Anastassia , Kuusemets Liis , Tuvikene Jürgen , Timmusk Tõnis
Published: February 2025

Neurotrophins like BDNF have a key role in the proper functioning of the central nervous system, influencing numerous processes like memory formation and behavior. An imbalance in BDNF levels can lead to a wide range of diseases, including depression and neurodevelopmental disorders. While the potential therapeutic effects of BDNF are well-recognized, there is a knowledge gap in understanding the mechanisms governing BDNF expression levels. Here, we focused on the regulation ofBdnfgene expression in response to different stimuli, specifically studying the effects of neuronal activity and BDNF-TrkB signaling onBdnftranscription in cultured neurons from rats of either sex. We usedin vitroDNA pulldown combined with mass spectrometry to determine transcription factors that interact with theBdnfpromoters upon different stimuli and validated numerous known regulators, such as USF and AP1 family, and novel candidate regulators using reporter assays. We show that the USF family of transcription factors is specifically recruited after membrane depolarization, whereas the AP1 family participates inBdnfregulation only after BDNF-TrkB signaling. We further describe ATF2, MYT1L and EGR family as novel regulators ofBdnfexpression by demonstrating their direct binding toBdnfpromoters using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays bothin vitroand in vivo, showing their functional role inBdnfgene expression, and ultimately identifying their regulatorycis-elements inBdnfpromoters. Furthermore, our results show competition between ATF2, CREB, and AP1 family in regulatingBdnflevels. Collectively, our results provide insight into the regulation ofBdnfexpression upon different stimuli.

Significance statementMembrane depolarization and neurotrophin BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) signaling via its receptor TrkB (tropomyosin receptor kinase B) are critical processes for proper neuronal functions. Here, we studied how these two stimuli regulate the expression of two mainBdnftranscripts -Bdnfexon I- and IV-containing transcripts. Our results reveal a remarkable overlap of regulators that are recruited to bothBdnfpromoters I and IV and after both stimuli. Overall, our results shed light to the complex regulation ofBdnfexpression highlighting a dynamic interplay of cooperative and competitive mechanisms among transcription factors. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms beyond single transcription factors and considering the combinatorial effects could pave the way for specifically modulatingBdnflevels as therapeutic interventions.
Social media burnout scale: Confirmación de su estructura factorial en el contexto brasileño
Authors: Carlos de Oliveira Santos Layrtthon , Lopes Loureto Gleidson Diego , Silva Santos Isabella Leandra
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo confirmar la estructura de la Social Media Burnout Scale (SMBS) en el contexto brasileño.
Método: Se trata de un estudio psicométrico de enfoque cuantitativo, donde participaron 419 individuos de la población general, en su mayoría estudiantes universitarios, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 57 años (M=24,77; DE=6,75). Los participantes completaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico, la Social Media Burnout Scale y la Escala de Evaluación del Síndrome de Burnout en Estudiantes Universitarios (EESB-eu).
Resultados: Los datos se analizaron utilizando el software JASP. Los resultados mostraron que el modelo de tres factores de la SMBS presentó índices de ajuste satisfactorios en la muestra brasileña (χ²=77,75; gl=32; CFI=0,97; TLI=0,97; RMSEA=0,05, 95 %IC=0,04-0,07; SRMR=0,06). Además, los tres factores presentaron omegas de McDonald’s aceptables. Finalmente, los factores Extenuación de la SMBS y Agotamiento Físico y Emocional de la EESB-eu se correlacionaron al nivel de r=0,32 (p<0,001), evidenciando validez convergente.
 
Conclusión: La medida denominada en portugués Escala de Burnout de Redes Sociais (EBRS) es la primera válida y confiable para investigar este fenómeno en el contexto brasileño.
Resiliencia y regulación emocional en el duelo infantil
Authors: Llanos-Rosales Belkis Rosario , Rosales-Guichay Bryan Ariel , Villavicencio-Aguilar Carmita Esperanza , Sánchez-Padilla Yadira Liliana
Published: February 2025

La pérdida de un familiar en la niñez produce diversas reacciones que en algunos casos no implica el desarrollo de patologías, debido a los recursos psicológicos internos. Este estudio pretende determinar la relación entre la resiliencia y regulación emocional de niños que han experimentado la pérdida de un familiar. El enfoque de investigación fue cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, corte transversal y alcance correlacional. Se utilizaron la Escala de Resiliencia Escolar, el Cuestionario de Regulación Emocional para niños y adolescentes, y la Escala de Resiliencia. El muestreo fue no probabilístico intencional, conformado por 50 cuidadores y 50 niños de los 9 a los 11 años, que perdieron un familiar entre 2019 y 2022. Los resultados revelan que la resiliencia y regulación emocional de los niños no se asocian, sin embargo, hay asociación directa entre los niveles de supresión expresiva de los cuidadores y los niños; además, las niñas usan las estrategias de supresión expresiva y reevaluación cognitiva con mayor frecuencia que los niños. En conclusión, no existe relación entre los niveles de resiliencia y regulación emocional de los niños, solo las estrategias regulatorias se asocian con las de sus cuidadores; además, existen diferencias en el uso de estrategias de acuerdo con el género de los infantes. Se necesita estudiar los estilos de crianza y estrategias de regulación emocional en los niños que perdieron a un familiar, e implementar planes para un mejor uso de la regulación emocional en cuidadores.
Predictores psicosociales de la solidaridad tras el terremoto de México: identidad social, apoyo emocional y social
Authors: García-Meraz Melissa
Published: February 2025

Este estudio se centró en validar el modelo de Solidaridad en el contexto del terremoto de México de 2017. Se analizaron respuestas de 604 participantes afectados por el sismo del 19 de septiembre de 2017 en la Ciudad de México y zonas conurbadas. El modelo demostró un buen ajuste, con valores significativos en diversas métricas estadísticas como Chi-cuadrado, CFI, TLI, SRMR y RMSEA. Los hallazgos principales del estudio incluyen una fuerte correlación entre la observación de apoyo social emocional y su provisión (β = 0,69), mientras que la observación de apoyo social coordinado no predijo de forma significativa su provisión (β = 0,06). La Identificación Social emergió como un predictor clave de la Eficacia Colectiva y del Apoyo Esperado, destacando su rol en la solidaridad. Además, se encontró que la eficacia colectiva y el apoyo esperado son predictores significativos para brindar apoyo social coordinado, más que la observación de este tipo de ayuda. Este resultado es crucial para comprender los mecanismos detrás de la solidaridad en situaciones de emergencia. El estudio también reveló un efecto de moderación significativo de la Identidad Social en la relación entre Eficacia Colectiva y la provisión de Apoyo Social, evidenciando que la Identidad Social no solo motiva a ofrecer apoyo social, sino que también influye en cómo se percibe y actúa sobre la eficacia colectiva. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de la observación y la identificación social en la solidaridad, fundamentales para las políticas públicas en México.
Surveying Orius species (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) in the South African sugarcane agro-ecosystem as potential biological control agents for Fulmekiola serrata Kobus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and other sap sucking pests
Authors: Bonte Jochem , Maes Sara , Vangansbeke Dominiek , Cottenie Ben , Way Mike , De Clercq Patrick , Conlong Des
Published: February 2025

Natural enemy surveys, especially for indigenous anthocorid predators of sugarcane thrips Fulmekiola serrata Kobus, were completed between 2008 and 2013 in and around sugarcane fields in the Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa. Four Orius species were recorded during the surveys. First records for South Africa of Orius tantillus (Motchulsky) and Orius naivashae (Poppius) were made, and the presence of Orius thripoborus (Hesse) and Orius brunnescens (Poppius) in the country was confirmed. For each species, habitat and climate preferences are described. Orius thripoborus was the only anthocorid natural enemy which was observed preying on the sugarcane thrips in the field.
Flower mites steal Protea neriifolia pollen and nectar
Authors: Theron-De Bruin Natalie , Dreyer Leanne , Ueckermann Eddie , Roets Francois
Published: February 2025

Flower mites are well-known nectar and pollen thieves of hummingbird-pollinated plants in the Americas, where they may reduce seed set and alter host population dynamics. They use hummingbirds for transport and are pollinators of some plants. Among African ornithophilous Protea shrubs, the hummingbird-pollination niche is occupied by sugarbirds and sunbirds that often carry substantial numbers of flower mites. The role of these mites in Protea pollination and seed set is unknown. We investigated the role of flower mites as pollinators of ornithophilous Protea neriifolia in South Africa using field-based exclusion experiments. Their role as pollen and nectar consumers was quantified using laboratory-based feeding studies. We demonstrate that even though they consume pollen and nectar, flower mites are not pollinators of P. neriifolia. Quantification of nectar consumption rates indicated that these mites likely have little effect on nectar availability for pollinating birds. However, flower mites may consume more than 50% of available P. neriifolia pollen when mite numbers peak. Flower mites on African ornithophilous Protea may therefore significantly decrease Protea male fitness and significantly impact Protea population dynamics.
Exclusionary Governance in Burundi: Implications for Democracy and Consolidating Peace
Authors: Nshimirimana Fabrice
Published: February 2025

This article aims to demonstrate the effects of exclusionary forms of governance on democracy and peace with reference to Burundi’s post-Arusha electoral rivalries. The Arusha agreement was the first in a series of peace agreements that terminated over a decade of civil strife, which was based on interethnic conflict. The Arusha pacification model resolved Burundi’s past interethnic conflicts and rivalries, and the main cleavage is currently between and within political parties rather than ethnic groups. In explaining the causes of the crisis of democracy and peace, the article gives considerable weight to Burundi’s post- Arusha elections. The first post-Arusha elections held in 2005, won by the former Hutu-dominated rebel movement, the National Council for the Defence of Democracy–Forces for the Defence of Democracy (CNDD–FDD) were regarded as free and fair, but other endogenous and exogenous factors also played a role. The second and third post-Arusha elections held in 2010 and 2015 respectively, largely paved the way for the current crisis of democracy and peace. The CNDD–FDD’s dominant position allowed it to gradually reduce the democratic space in Burundi, leading to an authoritarian, one-party system through elections and violence. Burundi’s current crisis is caused by the failure of democracy.
Adoption of an Artificial Intelligence Tools and Resources Policy
Authors: Mpanza Mbalenhle , Perumal Sarisha , Feig Gregor T , Garland Rebecca M , Langerman Kristy E
Published: February 2025

The Clean Air Journal has adopted a new policy on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools and resources for all submissions to Clean Air Journal. This policy was written with the view that transparency about the use of AI is necessary to ensure trust between authors, reviewers, editors and readers. In addition, we believe that appropriate use of AI can support authors and research and be a great resource.