bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Productivity costs associated with reactive school closures related to influenza or influenza-like illness in the United States from 2011 to 2019
Authors: Park Joohyun , Joo Heesoo , Maskery Brian A. , Zviedrite Nicole , Uzicanin Amra
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Schools close in reaction to seasonal influenza outbreaks and, on occasion, pandemic influenza. The unintended costs of reactive school closures associated with influenza or influenza-like illness (ILI) has not been studied previously. We estimated the costs of ILI-related reactive school closures in the United States over eight academic years.

Methods

We used prospectively collected data on ILI-related reactive school closures from August 1, 2011 to June 30, 2019 to estimate the costs of the closures, which included productivity costs for parents, teachers, and non-teaching school staff. Productivity cost estimates were evaluated by multiplying the number of days for each closure by the state- and year-specific average hourly or daily wage rates for parents, teachers, and school staff. We subdivided total cost and cost per student estimates by school year, state, and urbanicity of school location.

Results

The estimated productivity cost of the closures was $476 million in total during the eight years, with most (90%) of the costs occurring between 2016–2017 and 2018–2019, and in Tennessee (55%) and Kentucky (21%). Among all U.S. public schools, the annual cost per student was much higher in Tennessee ($33) and Kentucky ($19) than any other state ($2.4 in the third highest state) or the national average ($1.2). The cost per student was higher in rural areas ($2.9) or towns ($2.5) than cities ($0.6) or suburbs ($0.5). Locations with higher costs tended to have both more closures and closures with longer durations.

Conclusions

In recent years, we found significant heterogeneity in year-to-year costs of ILI-associated reactive school closures. These costs have been greatest in Tennessee and Kentucky and been elevated in rural or town areas relative to cities or suburbs. Our findings might provide evidence to support efforts to reduce the burden of seasonal influenza in these disproportionately impacted states or communities.
MIC26 and MIC27 are bona fide subunits of the MICOS complex in mitochondria and do not exist as glycosylated apolipoproteins
Authors: Lubeck Melissa , Derkum Nick H. , Naha Ritam , Strohm Rebecca , Driessen Marc D. , Belgardt Bengt-Frederik , Roden Michael , Stühler Kai , Anand Ruchika , Reichert Andreas S. , Kondadi Arun Kumar
Published: June 2023

Impairments of mitochondrial functions are linked to human ageing and pathologies such as cancer, cardiomyopathy, neurodegeneration and diabetes. Specifically, aberrations in ultrastructure of mitochondrial inner membrane (IM) and factors regulating them are linked to diabetes. The development of diabetes is connected to the ‘Mitochondrial Contact Site and Cristae Organising System’ (MICOS) complex which is a large membrane protein complex defining the IM architecture. MIC26 and MIC27 are homologous apolipoproteins of the MICOS complex. MIC26 has been reported as a 22 kDa mitochondrial and a 55 kDa glycosylated and secreted protein. The molecular and functional relationship between these MIC26 isoforms has not been investigated. In order to understand their molecular roles, we depleted MIC26 using siRNA and further generated MIC26 and MIC27 knockouts (KOs) in four different human cell lines. In these KOs, we used four anti-MIC26 antibodies and consistently detected the loss of mitochondrial MIC26 (22 kDa) and MIC27 (30 kDa) but not the loss of intracellular or secreted 55 kDa protein. Thus, the protein assigned earlier as 55 kDa MIC26 is nonspecific. We further excluded the presence of a glycosylated, high-molecular weight MIC27 protein. Next, we probed GFP- and myc-tagged variants of MIC26 with antibodies against GFP and myc respectively. Again, only the mitochondrial versions of these tagged proteins were detected but not the corresponding high-molecular weight MIC26, suggesting that MIC26 is indeed not post-translationally modified. Mutagenesis of predicted glycosylation sites in MIC26 also did not affect the detection of the 55 kDa protein band. Mass spectrometry of a band excised from an SDS gel around 55 kDa could not confirm the presence of any peptides derived from MIC26. Taken together, we conclude that both MIC26 and MIC27 are exclusively localized in mitochondria and that the observed phenotypes reported previously are exclusively due to their mitochondrial function.
[n-/l- + herskari] taldeen bilakabide diakronikoa eta erronkarieraren lekukotasuna: irudia(k) fintzen
Authors: Rojo Horrillo Leyre
Published: June 2023

Artikulu honetan, euskararen historian eztabaidatu den n-/l- ondoko herskarien oposaketa aztertuko da. Oraintsu arte esan izan da albokariaren eta sudurkariaren ondoren herskari ahoskabea hotsik zaharrena dela eta erronkariera eta zuberera honen gordetzaile direla. Mitxelenak (1961), ordea, kontrakoa defendatu zuen laburki bezain argi. Guk hori egiaztatuko dugu, gramatikalizazioari eta “Trasken legea” delakoari lotuta, xvii. mendeko Gabriel Etxart eta Miguel Rosen gutunen bidez. Horrela, herskarien bilakabidean noizbait ahostun > ahoskabe fenomenoa morfologikoa izan zela erakutsiko dugu. Gero, fonologikoki orokortuaz joan zela eta ondare zaharreko hitzetatik maileguetara hedatu zela zehaztuko dugu. Horretarako, ezinbestekoa izan da hala baldintza soziolinguistikoak nola corpusean aurkitu ditugun desberdintasunak aintzat hartzea.
Larre atlantiarretako landareen sustraien atributuak (traits): lurzoruko ur-edukiaren eta mikrobiotaren eragina
Authors: Zelaia Izaro , Aldezabal Arantza
Published: June 2023

Etorkizunean lehorteak intentsitatean eta iraupenean emendatzea espero da, prezipitazioen murrizpenaren eta tenperaturen igoeraren ondorioz. Horrek galera handiak ekar ditzake mundu osoko laborantzen ekoizpen eta produktibitatean. Horregatik, premiazkoa da landare-espezieek lehortearen aurrean duten erantzuna ikertzea. Esperimentu honetan larre atlantiarreko sei landare-espezieren lehortearen aurreko erantzuna aztertu da, mikroorganismoen presentzian eta ausentzian, sustraien atributu (traits) morfologikoei erreparatuz. Horretarako, zorizko blokekako partzela zatituan oinarritutako diseinua jarri zen abian kontrolpeko ezaugarridun negutegian, non 5 bloketako landareak ur-edukiaren %30eko mailan mantendu ziren (lehortea irudikatzeko) eta beste 5 bloketakoak, aldiz, %70ekoan (egoera normala simulatzeko). Horretaz gain, bloke bakoitzean loreontzi banatan jarri ziren espezie bereko bi ale, bati mikroorganismoen inokulua gehituta eta besteari ez. Esperimentuaren hipotesi nagusietako bat izan da lehorte-estresaren aurrean landareek lurzoruko baliabideak (ura, mantenugaiak...) kontserbatzeko edo eskuratzeko estrategiak gara ditzaketela, sustrai-atributuak aldatzearen bidez. Bigarren hipotesia, berriz, izan da elkarren mendekoak direla lurzoruko ur-edukia eta mikroorganismoen efektua zein erantzuna. Emaitzek adierazitakoaren arabera, esperimentu honetan ez dira hipotesiak bete. Alde batetik, lurzoruko ur-eduki murriztuaren eragina sustrai-atributuen eta espezieen mendekoa izan da, eta horiek kontuan hartuta, landareek jarraitu duten estrategia identifikatu da: Festuca nigrescens, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens eta Jasione laevis espezieek, hazkunde azkarreko estrategia, eta Deschampsia flexuosa eta Bellis perennis-ek, hazkunde geldokoa. Beste aldetik, lurzoruko ur-eskuragarritasun murriztuak ez du eraginik izan mikroorganismoen aktibitatean. Horretaz gainera, aztertu egin da positiboa edo negatiboa izan den landare-espezie bakoitzean mikroorganismoek eduki duten efektua. Horregatik guztiagatik, ondorioztatu da %30eko ur-edukia ez dela nahikoa izan lehorte-estresa simulatzeko.
Garapenaren eredu teorikoak
Authors: Del Puerto-Golzarri Nora , Pascual-Sagastizabal Eider , Azurmendi Aitziber
Published: June 2023

Giza garapenean eragina dute norberaren testuinguru fisiko eta sozialen alderdiek. Hala ere, gizabanakoak desberdinak dira ingurunearekiko sentsibilitatean eta hari erantzuteko gaitasunean, sentiberagoak direlarik banako batzuk ingurune-baldintza berberen aurrean. Tradizioz, desberdintasun indibidual hauek diatesi-estresaren eredutik aztertu izan dira. Eredu horren arabera, pertsona batzuk, beren zaurgarritasun-ezaugarri endogenoengatik, neurri gabe zaurgarriak dira esperientzia negatiboen edo ondorio kaltegarrien aurrean, zaurgarritasun txikiagoko banakoekin alderatuta. Ikuspegi ebolutiboari jarraituta, badaude beste bi eredu teoriko, sentikortasun diferentzialaren eredua eta testuinguruarekiko sentsibilitate biologikoaren eredua, zeinek dioten gizabanako batzuek, sentikortasunaren ezaugarri indibidualengatik, neurrigabeago jasaten dituztela ingurumen-eragin negatibo zein positiboak. Hortaz, ingurune positiboetatik onura gehiago jasotzen dute, eta, aldi berean, zaurgarriagoak dira ingurune negatiboen aurrean. Azkenik, badago beste teoria berriago bat, sentsibilitate abantailatsuaren eredua, zeinak proposatzen duen gizabanako batzuek, beren sentikortasun-faktoreengatik, sentikorragoak direla ingurumen-abantailekin edo testuinguru positiboekin, eta onura ateratzen dutela horretatik, eta, hortaz, banako hauek abantailadunak direla ahalmen hori ez dutenen aldean.
Identidad, Femineidad y Empoderamiento. Una propuesta de análisis publicitario para la campaña “Con Mucho Acento” de Cervezas Cruzcampo (España).
Authors: Fernández Rincón Antonio Raúl , San Nicolás Romera César , Nicolás Ojeda Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2023

El objeto de esta investigación es analizar la imbricación de los discursos sociales con el fenómeno publicitario y con el resto de los fenómenos de naturaleza axiológica, simbólica e ideológica que aparecen adheridos a él. En el caso que nos ocupa, la discusión sobre identidad, feminidad y empoderamiento sirve de base para presentar un método de análisis que aplicamos, en esta ocasión, a la campaña publicitaria “Con mucho acento” de Cervezas Cruzcampo. A través de este análisis pretendemos: a) identificar las estrategias y tácticas de la campaña, b) abordar la comprensión de los aspectos significantes presentes en su discurso y c) fijar los valores y tendencias relacionados con el contexto social y cultural inherente al conjunto de los discursos sociales institucionalizados en la realidad que los inspira. Este método de análisis aplicado al caso presentado arroja una visión de la idea del empoderamiento de la figura de la mujer en un escenario activo y a través de un juego de representaciones que van más allá de un determinado eje espacial o temporal.
Propuesta de adaptación del perfil competencial radiofónico en las universidades españolas ante la actual disrupción generacional
Authors: Díaz Monsalvo Miguel Ángel , Carreño Villada José Luis
Published: June 2023

La radio está inmersa en un proceso de adaptación de emisiones y contenidos al contexto digital, que ha modificado los hábitos de consumo y el perfil de las nuevas generaciones de profesionales, planteándose consecuentemente si el sistema universitario converge con las exigencias del mercado laboral. Esta investigación formula la creación de un modelo de análisis que determine las convergencias y diferencias entre las competencias desarrollados por los estudiantes de Comunicación y los requisitos de los empleadores, mediante encuestas, análisis de contenido, focus group, entrevistas en profundidad y Método Delphi. Es adaptable a la realidad de cada universidad o comunidad autónoma.
MODERASI BERAGAMA MENURUT YUSUF Al-QARDHAWI, QURAISH SHIHAB, DAN SALMAN AL-FARISI
Authors: Khalida An Nadhrah Nabila , Casram  , Hernawan Wawan
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study describes the concept of religious moderation according to Yusuf Al-Qardhawi, Quraish Shihab, and Salman al-Farisi. This research is caused by the current reality that religious moderation is considered a new understanding in Islam, even though religious moderation has existed since the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. So this is first step to examine the concept of religious moderation. The type of research used is qualitative with method of library research (library research) through the stages of observation, and library documentation. The results and discussion of this study is that the Prophet Muhammad SAW., has taught the concept of religious moderation through the Koran and his Sunnah. The results of this study indicate that both Yusuf Al-Qardhawi, Quraish Shihab, and Salman al-Farisi agree that: first, religious moderation mediates between religious understandings without losing track of the ash-shalah. Second, religious moderation can mediate differences in understanding of religion, avoiding the occurrence of radicalism and excessive fanaticism in religion for adherents. This research is important as a basic reference in practicing the essence of religious teachings which place more emphasis on human values and spreading the common good.
Keywords: Religious Moderation, Yusuf al-Qardhawi, Quraish Shihab, Salman Al-Farisi
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini menjabarkan tentang konsep moderasi beragama menurut Yusuf Al-Qardhawi, Quraish Shihab, dan Salman al-Farisi. Penelitian ini disebabkan oleh realitas yang ada saat ini moderasi beragama justru dianggap sebagai paham baru dalam Islam, padahal moderasi beragama sudah ada sejak zaman Nabi Muhammad SAW. Maka hal tersebut menjadi langkah awal untuk mengkaji konsep moderasi beragama. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka (library research) melalui tahapan observasi, dan dokumentasi pustaka. Hasil dan pembahasan penelitian ini adalah Nabi Muhammad SAW., sudah mengajarkan konsep moderasi beragama melalui Alquran dan Sunnah-nya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, baik Yusuf Al-Qardhawi, Quraish Shihab, maupun Salman al-Farisi sepaham, bahwa: pertama, moderasi beragama menjadi penengah di antara pemahaman keagamaan tanpa kehilangan jejak ash-shalahnya. Kedua, moderasi beragama dapat menengahi perbedaan pemahaman dalam beragama, menghindari terjadinya radikalisme dan fanatisme berlebihan dalam beragama bagi penganutnya. Penelitian ini menjadi penting sebagai rujukan dasar dalam mengamalkan esensi ajaran agama yang lebih menekankan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan menebarkan kebaikan bersama.
Kata kunci: Moderasi Beragama, Yusuf al-Qardhawi, Quraish Shihab, Salman Al-Farisi
stèle d’Aménophis II au VIIIe pylône de Karnak
Authors: Pierre Camille
Published: June 2023

Les campagnes militaires d’Aménophis II au Proche-Orient sont connues grâce à quatre stèles découvertes à Amada, à Éléphantine, à Memphis et à Karnak. La restauration récente de la dernière invite à un réexamen du texte qu’elle présente. Le but de cet article est d’établir le nombre et la date des campagnes effectivement menées en Asie par Aménophis II.
Methods and installations for utilization of fine screenings of ferroalloys
Authors: Kochkin Victor D. , Aliferov Alexander I. , Zolotarev Vladislav V.
Published: June 2023

To date, the production of such ferroalloys as ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferosilicomanganese, high-carbon ferrochrome amounts to thousands of tons per year. Preparation of the ferroalloy for sale involves crushing the ferroalloy ingot to the commercial fraction, as a result of which there are dust-like screenings, which are further stored in warehouses and harm the environment. The existing sieving is a finished product, which in composition is close to the final fraction, the size of which is 10-250 mm. To apply sieving in steel production technology, it must be re-melted and cast into an ingot. The resulting ingot is repeatedly crushed until a commercial fraction is obtained. The main problem is the remelting of the dropout, since various difficulties arise due to its size and electrophysical properties. This article presents methods and installations for remelting sieving ferroalloys of various brands, as well as their comparison, disadvantages and advantages. The article describes plasma, induction crucible, as well as dual DC and AC installations designed for remelting sieving of various ferroalloys with a fraction less than 10 mm. The disadvantages and advantages of each method and remelting installation are described. Various experimental data obtained during the melting of ferroalloys sieving in the described installations are presented. Based on the data described in the article, as well as relying on other conclusions, in conclusion, a method of remelting with the removal of ferroalloys was proposed, including the advantages of existing ones, as well as excluding their disadvantages.
Analysis of the operation of electromagnetic bearings in the difference of the center of the magnetic system relative to the axis of rotation and variations of the supply voltage
Authors: Starikov Alexander V. , Kostukov Vladislav D.
Published: June 2023

The article sets the task of reducing the consumption of electrical energy by electromagnetic bearings. To achieve this goal, it is proposed to shift the center of the magnetic system of bearings that compensate for the weight of the rotor relative to the axis of rotation. The displacement value is assumed to be equal to half the clearance value in the safety bearings of the unit under consideration. A mathematical model of a radial electromagnetic bearing, its design scheme, taking into account the displacement of the center of the magnetic system relative to the axis of rotation, a block diagram of a three-loop control system and formulas for calculating the parameters of regulators are presented. Regulator settings for a specific type of electromagnetic bearings are determined. A calculation model has been developed that makes it possible to study the operation of an electromagnetic bearing when the center of the magnetic system is displaced relative to the axis of rotation and the supply voltage is varied. The results of simulation in the Matlab Simulink software environment of the process of rotor ascent from safety bearings and rotor levitation in a displaced state at different values of the supply voltage are given. It is shown that the voltage reduction by 16.7% ensures stable operation of the electromagnetic suspension of the rotor in all possible modes. Therefore, shifting the center of the magnetic system can reduce the power consumption of electromagnetic bearings by 30%.
Monopole im medienindustriellen Komplex?
Authors: Fischer Georg , Klingner Stephan , Zill Malte
Published: June 2023

Verwertungsgesellschaften wie GEMA, VG Wort oder VG Bild-Kunst nehmen die Urheberrechte ihrer Mitglieder treuhänderisch wahr. Dank eines historisch gewachsenen Monopols sind sie heute zentrale Akteurinnen in den Kreativindustrien, die sich zudem als politische Interessensvertreterinnen verstehen. Trotz ihrer Relevanz hat sich vor allem die juristische Forschung mit Verwertungsgesellschaften beschäftigt. Mit dem Sammelband kommen erstmalig vielfältige und interdisziplinäre Stimmen zu Wort, die neue Perspektiven auf Verwertungsgesellschaften im nationalen und internationalen Kontext bieten. In der Zusammenschau liefert der Band damit einen gesamtheitlichen Blick auf die Organisationsform ›Verwertungsgesellschaft‹. Die Beiträge bündeln nicht nur interdisziplinäre Analysen von Verwertungsgesellschaften als Organisationen in Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft, sondern bieten auch Einblicke in die Praxis, den Alltag und die verschiedenen Herausforderungen, denen sich Verwertungsgesellschaften im Übergang ins digitale Zeitalter stellen müssen.
Kebijakan Indonesia Tidak Meratifikasi Konvensi ILO No. 188/2007 tentang Pekerjaan Penangkapan Ikan
Authors: Ibrahim Ahda Mujahidah
Published: June 2023

This research aims to explain why Indonesia did not ratify the ILO Convention No. 188/2007. The technique of data collection was conducted with literature study using primary sources in the form of ILO Convention No. 188/2007, and Recommendation, 2007, Law No. 15 of 2016 regarding the Ratification of Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 and secondary sources from data, documents, or reports related with the topic of this thesis. The results of this study showed that the reason why Indonesia did not ratify the ILO Convention No. 188/2007 is based on Indonesia’s rational choices that related to the consideration of profit and loss calculations in order to maximize the profits and minimize the costs in the decision-making process. Indonesia’s profits are not comparable to the economics costs and the administrative burden in reporting and implementing the ILO Convention No. 188/2007. In addition, the ratification of the convention is still not an urgency for the Ministry of Manpower because the Ministry of Manpower considers that the regulations are sufficient in providing protection for fishermen. This is also supported by the fact that only 19 ILO member countries have ratified ILO Convention No. 188 of 2007 so that it does not have a significant impact on Indonesian fishermen.
Dinamika Kehidupan Kethoprak di Kabupaten Pati 1950-2007
Authors: Nazal Azmi Globalian , Puguh Dhanang Respati
Published: June 2023

Kethoprak is a traditional performing art originating from Surakarta. Kethoprak is not able to develop optimally in its ownregion, because it cannot compete with wayang wong. The existence of wayang wong in Surakarta is more demanded by the public compared to kethoprak. This situation forced kethoprak groups move to Yogyakarta which is very developed region. Kethoprak is not only performing around Yogyakarta, but also outside the region. Pati Regency is one of the regions which is affected by the development of kethoprak from Yogyakarta. This study discusses the dynamics of kethoprak groups in Pati by applying historical methods. In 1950, kethoprak entered Pati for the first time, especially in Bakaran Village. In the past, kethoprak which come from Yogyakarta, was invited to entertain the people of Bakaran. From its performances, the ideas were emerged from a group of people to form a kethoprak group. In its development, the groups emerged in Pati. The ups and downs colored by the journey of kethoprak in Pati. Kethoprak was once used as a source of income because of the intense performance. Then, with the emergence of modern performance, the existence of kethoprak is increasingly shifted. However, kethoprak in Pati is still able to maintain its existence to survive in the midst of society.
Towards automated risk assessments for modular manufacturing systems
Authors: Ehrlich Marco , Bröring Andre , Diedrich Christian , Jasperneite Jürgen
Published: June 2023

Manufacturing systems based on Industry 4.0 concepts provide a greater availability of data and have modular characteristics enabling frequent changes. This raises the need for new security engineering concepts that cover the increasing complexity and frequency of mandatory security risk assessments. In contrast, the current standardization landscape used for the assessment of these systems only offers abstract, static, manual, and resource-intensive procedures. Therefore, this work proposes a method that further specifies the IEC 62443 aiming to automate the security risk assessments in such a way that manual efforts can be reduced and a consistent quality can be achieved. The methodology is presented using network segmentation as a guiding example and consists of four main steps: Information collection based on a process analysis, information formalisation with a semi-formal model, information usage applying first order logic to extract expert knowledge, and information access using the concept of the digital twin. In addition, the applicability of the IEC 62443 standard to the risk assessment of modular manufacturing systems is evaluated.
Time domain design of PI-C controllers
Authors: Hippe Peter
Published: June 2023

PI-C (Proportional-Integral-Compensating) controllers are observer-based compensators with integral action containing an inverse model of the plant. Originally developed for windup prevention in case of sensor saturation they are also useful in the presence of actuator saturation. They allow to achieve a nearly perfect disturbance attenuation while the loop gain satisfies the Circle Criterion. It has also been demonstrated that PI-C controllers can solve the windup problem in case of joint input and output saturation. The design of PI-C controllers has only been formulated in the frequency domain so far which, in the MIMO case, requires the manipulation of polynomial matrices. Here, the state-space design of PI-C controllers is presented.
Der Weisheit Freund und aller Welt Feind?
Authors: Vogelmann Frieder
Published: June 2023

How is philosophical knowledge related to the world in which it is produced – and how should it be related? In the article, “world” refers to the whole of historically established, politically contested and materially constituted practices. Three ideal-type relationships are distinguished: affirmatively in the world, negatively against the world, and with the world. The article argues for the latter because it combines the two decisive insights of the first two relationships: the insight into philosophy’s facticity, i. e., it being bound to the world, and the insight into philosophy’s freedom, i. e., that it can, nevertheless, turn against that world. Political epistemology is needed to explicate any philosophy with the world because it holds together, in a productive tension, minimal materialism as the core of the insight into philosophy’s facticity and the irreducibility of thought as the core of the insight into philosophy’s freedom.
Sklaverei und Philosophiegeschichtsschreibung
Authors: Graneß Anke
Published: June 2023

This article is dedicated to a topic that has been largely neglected in the historiography of philosophy to date: the position of philosophers towards the institution of slavery. Especially in survey works on the history of philosophy, positions on slavery and colonial conquest are not addressed, but have so far only been discussed in a few individual studies. From the beginning of European expansion, however, philosophical and political theories no longer emerged independently of these developments, as the expansion forced reflection on how to deal with the conquered regions and peoples, and thus on the problematic sides of the ‘voyages of discovery’: land grabbing, subjugation and slavery. Such entanglements are briefly explained using John Locke as an example. In view of the “colonial ensnarement of the Enlightenment” (Elberfeld) and the need for a critical examination of it, I propose as a methodological approach to include texts by thinkers of African origin, who had first-hand experiences of the institution of slavery and critically reflected on their own social position, the social and political conditions of their time as well as moral questions. Using three selected Black thinkers, the poet Phillis Wheatley (1753–1784), the abolitionist Olaudah Equiano (1745–1797) and the theologian Jacobus Elisa Johannes Capitein (ca. 1717–1747), I discuss the relevance of texts by former slaves for the historiography of philosophy.
Design, synthesis, and anticancer activity of novel 4,6-dimorpholinyl-1,3,5-triazine compounds
Authors: Li Jinjing , Li Linbo , Liu Yuxiao , Zhang Jie , Shi Chengyang , Zhou Shujing , Qiu Hongbin
Published: June 2023

A series of novel 4,6-dimorpholinyl-1,3,5-triazine derivatives 6a–6r were obtained through N-substitution and Claisen-Schmidt condensation. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry were used to characterize the molecular structures of the derivatives. The in vitro antiproliferation activity of derivatives was evaluated using the MTT assay against SW620 (human colon cancer cells), A549 (human nonsmall cell lung cancer cells), HeLa (human cervical cancer cells), and MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells). Compound 6o bearing a pyridyl group exhibited good cytotoxicity against four cancer cells, with IC50 values of 8.71, 9.55, 15.67, and 21.77 μM, sequentially. In addition, compound 6a showed some selectivity against SW620.
Norethindrone dosing for adequate menstrual suppression in adolescents
Authors: Rager Theresa L. , Compton Sarah D. , Winfrey Olivia K. , Rosen Monica W.
Published: June 2023

Objectives

We sought to study factors predictive of achieving menstrual suppression with norethindrone vs. norethindrone acetate in adolescents, as optimal dosing is unknown. Secondary outcomes included analyzing prescriber practices and patient satisfaction.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review of adolescents ages <18 years presenting to an academic medical center from 2010 to 2022. Data collected included demographics, menstrual history, and norethindrone and norethindrone acetate use. Follow-up was measured at one, three, and 12 months. Main outcome measures were starting norethindrone 0.35 mg, continuing norethindrone 0.35 mg, achieving menstrual suppression, and patient satisfaction. Analysis included Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression.

Results

Of 262 adolescents initiating norethindrone or norethindrone acetate, 219 completed ≥1 follow-up. Providers less often started norethindrone 0.35 mg for patients with body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, prolonged bleeding, or younger age at menarche, but more often for patients who were younger, had migraines with aura, or were at risk of venous thromboembolism. Those with prolonged bleeding or older age at menarche were less likely to continue norethindrone 0.35 mg. Obesity, heavy menstrual bleeding, and younger age were negatively associated with achieving menstrual suppression. Patients with disabilities reported greater satisfaction.

Conclusions

While younger patients more often received norethindrone 0.35 mg vs. norethindrone acetate, they were less likely to achieve menstrual suppression. Patients with obesity or heavy menstrual bleeding may achieve suppression with higher doses of norethindrone acetate. These results reveal opportunities to improve norethindrone and norethindrone acetate prescribing practices for adolescent menstrual suppression.
More Than a Feeling: Kant’s Tripartite Account of Pleasure
Authors: Eran Uri
Published: June 2023

Traditionally, pleasure has been understood in three different ways: as a simple feeling or phenomenological quality, as a behavioral disposition, and as an evaluation. While versions of these accounts – and combinations of two of them – have been attributed to Kant, I argue that Kant successfully combines all three. Pleasure, on this view, is an evaluation of an object’s agreement with a particular subject’s ability or intention to act. Because it refers to a particular subject, it has a subjective felt character, and because it is about agreement with an ability or intention to act, it disposes one to action. In addition to being philosophically compelling, this reading incorporates Kant’s disparate characterizations of pleasure.
Non-canonical possessive constructions in Negidal and other Tungusic languages: a new analysis of the so-called “alienable possession” suffix
Authors: Aralova Natalia , Pakendorf Brigitte
Published: June 2023

A distinction between inalienable and alienable possession is considered to be crosslinguistically common. For the Tungusic languages, it is generally illustrated with examples that contrast inherently possessed body parts with body parts belonging to a non-inherent possessor, with the latter being formally marked with a suffix -ŋ(V). However, as we argue here for Negidal (Northern Tungusic), rather than marking ‘alienable’ or ‘indirect’ possession, the suffix -ŋ(i) flags the occurrence of non-canonical possessive constructions; the supposedly straightforward interpretation of the oft-cited examples involving body parts is merely a secondary effect of the particular kind of non-canonical construction involved. This analysis unifies the diverse constructions in which -ŋ(i) occurs, namely with obligatorily possessed body parts, with non-possessible items such as nouns denoting humans or environment terms as well as demonstratives or adjectives, and with other modifiers when the possessee is elided. We complement our investigation with the analysis of the cognate suffix -ŋi, whose main function is to mark the possessor in possessive constructions with an elided head. The function of both suffixes can thus be subsumed under the marking of non-canonical possessive constructions. This analysis can be extended to several Tungusic languages, as the comparison with Negidal’s sister languages shows.
A comparison of some confidence intervals for a binomial proportion based on a shrinkage estimator
Authors: Almendra-Arao Félix , Reyes-Cervantes Hortensia , Morales-Cortés Marcos
Published: June 2023

Confidence intervals are valuable tools in statistical practice for estimating binomial proportions, with the most well-known being the Wald and Clopper-Pearson intervals. However, it is known that these intervals perform poorly in terms of coverage probability and expected mean length, leading to the proposal of alternative intervals in the literature, although these may also have deficiencies. In this work, we investigate the performance of several of these confidence intervals using the parametric family

p

^

c

=

X
+
c

n
+
2
c

{\widehat{p}}_{c}=\frac{X+c}{n+2c}

with

c
≥
0

c\ge 0

to estimate the parameter

p

p

. Rather than using the confidence intervals approach, this analysis is done from the hypothesis tests approach. Our primary goal with this work is to identify values of

c

c

that result in better-performing tests and to establish an optimal procedure.
Political Legitimacy: What’s Wrong with the Power-Liability View?
Authors: Mikalsen Kjartan
Published: June 2023

In this paper, I take issue with Arthur Isak Applbaum’s power-liability view of political legitimacy. In contrast to the traditional view that legitimate rule entails a moral duty to obey, here called the right-duty view, Applbaum argues that political legitimacy is a moral power that entails moral liability for the subjects of political rule. According to Applbaum, the power-liability view helps us explain how responsible citizens in some cases can act contrary to law while still recognizing the claims of law. Against Applbaum’s attempt at establishing the power-liability view through conceptual analysis, I argue that we cannot specify the moral implications of de jure legitimacy without considering the moral argument that justifies the right to rule. I further argue that Applbaum’s normative account of political legitimacy implies commitment to a normative idea that forms the basis of a strong case in favor of the right-duty view. Finally, I argue that the present defense of the right-duty view has resources to account for the moral phenomena that prompt Applbaum’s advocacy of the power-liability view.
The crystal structure of tetrakis(1-isopropylimidazole-κ1
N)-[μ2- imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylato-κ4
O,N,O′,N′)]- trioxido-divanadium, C29H41N10O7V2
Authors: Ren Xiang-Yu , Wang Xiao-Jie , Qin Yu-Cai , Tong Yue
Published: June 2023

C29H41N10O7V2, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 11.3461(5) Å, b = 12.7013(5) Å, c = 14.0649(5) Å, α = 

111.609

(
1
)

∘

$111.609{(1)}^{\circ }$

, β = 

108.702

(
1
)

∘

$108.702{(1)}^{\circ }$

, γ = 

93.957

(
2
)

∘

$93.957{(2)}^{\circ }$

, V = 1744.20(12) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0439, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1160, T = 173 K.
Lithuanian academic discourse revisited: Features and patterns of scientific communication
Authors: Ruskan Anna , Hint Helen , Leijen Djuddah Arthur Joost , Šinkūnienė Jolanta
Published: June 2023

Over the past several decades, there has been an increasing interest in academic discourse investigations with a specific focus on disciplinary, cultural, and generic aspects of academic text construction. Studies of Spanish, Italian, Greek, Portuguese, French, German, and Russian (inter alia) academic discourse have revealed not only the universal features characteristic of many writing cultures, but also unique rhetorical features, typical of only some of them. In this article, we focus on academic discourse investigations in scientific texts written in one of the lesser-studied languages, Lithuanian. We review here studies of Lithuanian scientific discourse and what those studies reveal about the specific features of Lithuanian academic discourse. The first part of the article identifies how rhetorical structures differ between English and Lithuanian academic texts, whereas the second part presents a comprehensive overview of the functional groups of linguistic units, such as metadiscourse markers, stance and engagement markers, and conceptual metaphors, and how these are different or similar to English academic discourse. The overview of the empirical studies shows the current state of knowledge about Lithuanian academic discourse and highlights some of the items that distinguish Lithuanian writing. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of identifying academic writing traditions of other languages to acknowledge diversity.
Further Insight into the Usage of Bank Cards Over Cash at the Point-of-Sale?
Authors: Ettis Saïd Aboubaker
Published: June 2023

The several benefits of e-payment for consumers, businesses, and economies make decreasing or ideally eliminating the use of cash an important concern of governments and policymakers. In several emerging countries, there is substantial evidence that using bank cards for payment in retail Point-Of-Sale is still less popular than cash, especially for small-value purchases. Attitudinal factors are amongst the major understudied motives of bank card payment behavior. Little is known about the effects of perceived benefits of bank card use on trust and the subsequent outputs of this trust. Building on the Technology Acceptance Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior, this research proposes and empirically tests a model explaining the roles of perceived benefits and security in affecting consumer trust and the consequent effect of trust on consumers’ attitudes toward bank card payment. This attitude is supposed to build continued usage of bank cards for in-store payment. Respondents were approached in real conditions where the experience of payment in retail Point-Of-Sale occurs. A questionnaire was administered face-to-face with respondents surveyed before they left several small retail stores such as grocery stores, convenience stores, and minimarkets in Southeast Tunisia. The PLS-SEM results show that consumers have built up trust because of their perceived benefits and security of bank card payments. Trust has a positive effect on consumers’ attitudes toward bank cards. The positive attitude persuades consumers to use bank cards for payment purposes at Point-Of-Sale. The findings help inform the research community by elucidating the nature of the relationships between perceived benefits, perceived security, trust, attitude, and continued payment with bank cards in retail Point-Of-Sale. Governments, financial service providers, and businesses need to focus on developing valuable perceived benefits of using bank cards to increase trust, positive attitude, penetration, and continued customers’ usage of bank cards. This will benefit local and national economies by winning greater market share from cash. The Tunisian context is examined in this research. However, the results might be applied to many other in-developing countries.
Energiesicherheit unter Bedingungen der Dekarbonisierung von Wirtschaft und Verkehr
Authors: Umbach Frank
Published: June 2023

Kurzfassung

Die Energiewende und der weltweite Übergang zu einem dekarbonisierten Transportsystem und Industriewesen müssen nicht notwendigerweise die globale Energiesicherheit automatisch stabilisieren. Vielmehr dürften infolge des Übergangs neue geopolitische Instabilitäten entstehen, die möglicherweise sogar herausfordernder sein könnten als die des fossilen Zeitalters. Erneuerbare Energien kann man zwar als heimische Energiequellen ansehen, die die Abhängigkeiten von fossilen Rohstoffimporten künftig deutlich verringern werden. Doch entstehen mit dem Ausbau der Erneuerbaren Energien und den Zielsetzungen des European Green Deal zahlreiche neue Sicherheitsherausforderungen. Dazu gehören vor allem die absehbar hohen Importabhängigkeiten bei Wasserstoff und kritischen Rohstoffen entlang neuer Liefer- und Wertschöpfungsketten. Auch aus der Digitalisierung der Energiewelt erwachsen für kritische (Energie-)Infrastrukturen große Risiken und Verwundbarkeiten. Staaten, die bislang im Bereich des Exportes fossiler Energieträger führend waren (wie zahlreiche MENA-Staaten), können zu Quellen geopolitischer Unruhe werden. Für die Energiepolitik wird es darauf ankommen, eine ausgewogene Mischung aus global gehandelten, heimischen fossilen und Erneuerbaren Energien sowie Wasserstoff für den kritischen Energieübergang zu finden. Diese Kombination wird sich im Lauf der Zeit mehr und mehr zugunsten „grüner Energien“ verschieben. Eine vollständige „strategische Autonomie“ ist jedoch weder realistisch noch wünschenswert, aber eine Diversifizierung der Lieferungen und Einfuhren von kritischen Rohstoffen und Wasserstoff (Ammoniak) wird schon in den nächsten Jahren geboten sein. Diese muss auch den Ausbau der inländischen Bergbau-, Verarbeitungs- und Raffineriekapazitäten in Europa zur Reduzierung der EU-Importe und unerwünschter geopolitischer Abhängigkeiten umfassen. Dies muss bereits heute vorab strategisch mitbedacht und mit entsprechendem Weitblick konzipiert werden.
Eine EU-Rohstoffagentur – Sinnvolles Instrument für die europäische Rohstoffsicherheit?
Authors: Kullik Jakob , Gutzmer Jens , Gramlich Ludwig
Published: June 2023

Kurzfassung

Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob eine zu schaffende EU-Rohstoffagentur ein sinnvolles Instrument für die europäische Rohstoffsicherheit darstellt. Grundlegende Voraussetzung hierfür ist, was unter europäischer Rohstoffsicherheit zu verstehen ist und welche Anknüpfungspunkte sich daraus für den Nutzen respektive Mehrwert einer solchen EU-Institution ergeben. Anhand eines Idealmodells werden der mögliche Handlungsauftrag, die organisatorische Verfasstheit, das rechtliche Mandat und die finanzielle Mittelausstattung dargestellt und nach möglichen Vor- und Nachteilen, Zielkonflikten und Umsetzungsherausforderungen bewertet. Da letztlich die Politik über die Sinnhaftigkeit und den Nutzen einer EU-Rohstoffagentur zu entscheiden hat, versteht sich dieser Beitrag als offener Impuls und hypothetische Vorüberlegung in der aktuellen Debatte um Europas multiple Rohstoffherausforderungen.
The Second Life of a Pair of Assyrian Column Bases
Authors: Hussein Auday
Published: June 2023

A water basin in the Al-Pasha Mosque in Mosul is identified as made from two Assyrian column bases.
György Lukács and the Eighteenth-Century Novel
Authors: Davies Luke Lewin
Published: June 2023

This article explores György Lukács’s reflections on the relationship between the eighteenth-century novel and early modern capitalism. As such, it offers a critical overview of Lukács’s treatment of this subject in two major works –The Theory of the NovelandThe Historical Novel – in the process, focusing on the evolution of his approach as a literary critic and contextualising this in relation to his wider theoretical writings. Ultimately, it seeks to demonstrate how the later Lukács’s critical approach differs from contemporary criticism dealing with the same subject, in particular concerning his engagement with the ramifications of his analysis for the present.
From Charlotte Smith to Jane Austen: The Evolution of the English Novel
Authors: Kinach Larissa
Published: June 2023

The article focuses on two female writers from the late eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth century: Charlotte Smith and Jane Austen. Based on Smith’s first novel Emmeline, the Orphan of the Castle (1788) and Austen’s Emma (1815), the novel’s evolutionary trajectory from prose fiction at the end of the eighteenth century to the full flowering of the realist novel will be traced in an exemplary fashion. Thereby, the analysis will argue that Emmeline represents a case of transition in which subjective modes of storytelling (literary conventions, character perspective) have not yet been synthetically combined with the objectifying framework of the narrative situation. Finally, this has been achieved with the realist novel as will be demonstrated with Emma.
Novel Didactics? Defoe’s Legacy in the Contemporary Children’s Robinsonade
Authors: Scheel Annika
Published: June 2023

The contemporary children’s robinsonade exemplifies an amalgamation of several centuries worth of intertexts, visible not only in the texts themselves but also in their audiences. In addition to adapting narrative elements, such as the shipwreck or the encounter with Friday, the narrative intent of didacticism spans over centuries, emulating ideologies of eighteenth-, nineteenth-, or twenty-first-century cultures. By utilising adaptation theory, it is possible to consider the Crusoe story as an interpretively doubled narrative of didacticism and to examine the emergence of the children’s robinsonade through the reception of eighteenth- and twenty-first-century audiences. In comparing the reception of early robinsonades and their narrative structures with the contemporary example ofMadagascar: Escape 2 Africa, I aim to show the relation between the early reception of Defoe’s work and contemporary adaptations as parts of the didactic legacy ofRobinson Crusoe.
Industrial Action in South Africa (2000-2020): Reading Strike Statistics Qualitatively
Authors: Cottle Edward
Published: June 2023

This article analyses strike statistics over the last twenty years (2000–2020) in South Africa to have a concrete understanding of the state of labour (organised and unorganised). The article makes a new contribution by showing how one can use Lenin’s quantitative method as a framework which I develop to assist in reading the qualitative aspects of worker mobilisation, an aspect which is markedly absent from contemporary analyses of labour. By utilising the quantitative method, the article shows whether the labour movement as an agent of social change is withering away, and who the leading sections (per industrial sector) of the labour movement are; it also indicates the qualitative shifts over time. The trends over the last twenty years indicate that there have been demonstrable qualitative shifts in strike dynamics in South Africa.
KEYWORDS: South Africa; strike statistics; industrial action; Lenin
Analysis of the online communication strategy of world political leaders during the War in Ukraine (February 24, 2022 - January 23, 2023)
Authors: Tasențe Tănase , Rus Mihaela , Opariuc-Dan Cristian
Published: June 2023

This paper studies the online communication strategies of world leaders during the war in Ukraine from February 24, 2022, to January 23, 2023. To analyze the collected data, various qualitative and quantitative methods such as content and sentiment analysis were used. The findings indicate that the majority of world leaders communicate via Twitter, and their tweets are mainly positive in tone. The most active communication strategies involve using hashtags related to the issues of the war, retweeting messages from other leaders, and issuing statements about the conflict. The results suggest that the participating leaders position themselves as the voice of the nation and emphasize the importance of international solidarity in achieving peace. Furthermore, the study reveals that the leaders are highly engaged in bidirectional communication, with the majority of messages focused on people's safety and the need for a diplomatic solution. The findings of this study could help policymakers understand how online communication plays a role in international conflict resolution as well as how world leaders can effectively use online communication to engage with their public.