bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing Herpes with Ayurveda Principles: A Case Report
Authors: Pande Sumant M , Joshi Maheshwari D
Published: January 2023

Herpes is generally correlated with Visarpa in Ayurveda, In Modern science Herpes is a viral infection caused due to species of herpesviridae. It is treated with several oral and topical antivirals. These medicines are very expensive and have limited role to cure such type of viral infections; also they do not work upon the complications like post herpes neuralgia. Present case study enlightens about the effective treatment of herpes based upon ayurvedic principles; which not only completely cures the disease but also takes care of complications. Ayurvedic treatment is also cost effective and offers early recovery as well. Present case is treated with some ayurvedic Oral medicines and siravedh (Bloodletting by venepuncture) Patient got complete relief from signs and symptoms in twelve days; also there was no evidence of post herpetic neuralgia or any other complication of herpes. No side effects of treatment were observed in this case.

Key words : Ayurveda Principles, Herpes,  Raktamokshan, Siravedh, Venepuncture, visarpa.
Microscopic Characterization and Analysis of Ayurvedic Herbal Products Using Light Microscopy
Authors: Dutta Pratima , Chaurasia Bhaskar
Published: January 2023

Objective: Today sophisticated modern research tools for assessment of the plant drugs are achievable but microscopic method is still one of the ingenious and procurable methods to start for substantiate the correct recognition of the source material. Powder microscopy helps to find out the impurities and also helps in quality assessment of the drug. To standardize and evaluate the readymade as well as homemade herbal powder and thus provides means for assessing the authenticity and morality of herbal drugs. Materials and Methods: Microscopic detailed examination of herbal plant parts such as G. glabra, P. emblica, P. nigrum, P. longum was established with different reagents such as acetic acid, iodine, sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid followed by observation of slide under LEICA Software Capture and Display Software and photographs of each slide was captured for evaluation of the drug. Observation and Results: Microscopic assessment of the homemade and readymade herbal parts of G.glabra and P.emblica shows original cellular structures while unidentified cellular structure were observed in readymade powder of P. longum which perhaps the growth of fungal mycelium and leaf part were observed in P. longum, thus Microscopy method permits more detailed examination of a drug and it can be used to identify the organized drugs by their known histological characters. Conclusion: Powder microscopic evaluation of herbal powder is one of the simplest and authenticated methods for the proper identification of the drug. It helps in purity assessment of the readymade herbal powder. Microscopic study and physiochemical standards can be useful to substantiate and authenticate the drug.
A comparative clinical evaluation of Herbal and synthetic dentifrices in dentinal hyper-sensitivity
Authors: Patil Ashwini A , Deshmukh Atul , Keskar Manjiri
Published: January 2023

Background:

Dentin hypersensitivity could be defined as a short, sharp pain arising from exposed dentin in response to stimuli typically thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic, or chemical and which cannot be ascribed to any other form of dental defect or pathology. In Ayurveda Dentinal Hypersensitivity can be compared with Dantaharsha. When teeth are sensitized to cold/breeze, hot, dry and sour eatables and have pain and shaky feeling, the condition is called ‘Dantaharsha’. Toothpastes are the most widely used dentifrices for delivering over-the-counter desensitizing agents. The aim study was to evaluate the effect of Herbal dentifrices in Dentinal hypersensitivity. The objective of this study was to prepare palatable formulation of Herbal Dentifrices to maintain oral health and prevent oral pathologies

Materials and Methods:

In this open-labelled, randomized, controlled study, 60 assenting patients between 18-40 years of age were enrolled and randomized into trial and control groups, after obtaining EC approval and informed consent. Those in the trial group received Herbal dentifrices, control group participants received Synthetic dentifrices. Herbal and synthetic dentifrices given to apply twice a day for 3 wks. Follow up was taken after second week and third week.The duration of treatment was of 21 days. Dentifrice was prepared under all hygienic conditions and safety precautions in GMP certified pharmacy.  Effect in Dentinal hypersensitivity was assessed by scored using VAS on air stimulus and cold-water stimulus and Air Blast Stimulation Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale. Appropriate statistical tests applied to the data to obtain results

 Results: On analysis of data generated through clinical assessment, improvement was seen in dentinal hypersensitivity in both the groups. Though synthetic dentifrice showed better results than the herbal one, the trial drug exhibited a promising output in the study. Statistically Group B shows better results in the median Hypersensitivity score on VAS and Air blast stimulation compared to Group A.

 

Conclusion: In present study, improvement was seen in dentinal hypersensitivity in both the groups. Synthetic dentifrice showed better results than the herbal one. Although the results in the trial group were not disappointing. The results were encouraging enough to use the drug for further research.
Open-Labeled, Randomized, Prospective Controlled Clinical Study to Assess Efficacy of Rasayana Churna and Pranayama in the Management of Rajonivritti Lakshanas w. s. r. to Postmenopausal Syndrome
Authors: Ramugade Divya , Shitre Ashwini
Published: January 2023

Background: In modern science, hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) is the only alternative for postmenopausal syndrome whereas non-hormonal pharmacologic therapies have been shown to be less effective than hormonal therapy. So, it was assumed that Rasayana Churna along with Pranayama would be effective in relieving postmenopausal symptoms. Objective: to assess the clinical efficacy of Rasayana Churna and Pranayama in the management of   Rajonivritti Lakshanas w. s. r. to Postmenopausal Syndrome. Methods: The present open-labeled, randomized, prospective controlled clinical study was conducted after IEC approval. Total 60 female patients suffering from Postmenopausal Syndrome were enrolled in the study and randomized into two groups i. e. Group A & Group B. 30 patients in Group A were given Rasayana Churna orally with daily practice of Pranayama was advised. 30 Patients in Group B were advised daily practice of Pranayama for consecutive 12 weeks. The results were assessed by using Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS) and Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL). Results: The significant difference was observed in MRS-Total score and MENQOL scores after treatment in both the groups. Out of four scales of MENQOL, the vasomotor, physical and psychological scales showed significant improvement in the group received regimen of Rasayana Churna along with Pranayama as compared with only Pranayama. Only change in sexual scale score was found to be similar in both the groups’ patients. Conclusion: It can be inferred that regimen of Rasayana Churna along with Pranayama was more efficacious in treatment of post-menopausal syndrome as compared with only Pranayama.
Physiological correlation of the function of thyroid hormones as an entity of Agni
Authors: Thakkar Nikunj , Kumbhar Prakash Ashok
Published: January 2023

Agni is an important concept explained in ayurvedic classics and which is considered as main causes for the manifestation of disease in the body. It controls the wide range of the biochemical reaction in the body from digestion to production of new cells. It has different forms like enzymes, hormones and secretions through which in controls the activities of body like production, maintenance and destruction of cells and tissues. Considered the role of thyroid hormones and its functions in the production maintenance of haemostasis od the body it can be considered as an entity of Agni (not whole Agni). Thyroid hormones play role in the digestion of food at GI level, it helps in biochemical reaction at tissue level and it also plays role in the conversion of the heterogenous substances to homogenous substances for the maintenance of haemostasis of body. So, here an attempt is made to corelate the functions of thyroid hormones as a part of Agni.
Validity and reliability of adapted Bengali version of self-assessment questionnaire to assess Prakriti
Authors: Mondal Himel , Baidya Chayan , Mondal Shaikat , Mondal Sarika
Published: January 2023

Background: The constitutional type of a human being, the Prakriti, depends on the relativity of three Doshas – Kapha, Pitta, and Vata. Assessment of Prakriti requires expertise in inspection, palpation, and interview. There are self-administered questionnaires in English that can assess the Prakriti.

Aim: We aimed to adapt an English questionnaire - “self-assessment questionnaire to assess Prakriti” in Bangla and test its validity and reliability in the assessment of Prakriti.

Methods: We adapted the questionnaire in Bangla by forward and backward translation. We conducted a pre-test and interview with 36 research participants. An Ayurveda physician assessed the Prakriti by the traditional method. The validity was tested by comparing the expert-assessed and questionnaire-assed Prakriti. The internal consistency was tested by Chronbach’s alpha and reliability by Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results: A total of 36 (men 21, women 15) research participants of mean age 36.01± 3.44 participated in the pre-test, interview, and retest. Adapted Bangla “self-assessment questionnaire to assess Prakriti” is found to be valid for the assessment of Prakriti. It is reliable in terms of internal consistency (Chronbach’s alpha 0.64, 0.76, and 0.81 for Kapha, Pitta, and Vata, respectively) and repeatability (test-retest ICC 0.88, 0.91, and 0.79 for Kapha, Pitta, and Vata, respectively).

Conclusion: A Bangla questionnaire for self-assessment of Prakriti has been adapted. The questionnaire was found to be valid and reliable. This questionnaire may be used for the assessment of Prakriti of Bangla-speaking people in any mass survey, research, or healthcare settings of Ayurveda for a quick assessment of Prakriti.
A Siddha Management of Chronic Tonsillitis - A Case Report
Authors: A Aishwarya , P Mirunaleni , PN Sushil Kumar , T Monika , KP Chaithanya , G Kiruthiga , B Akila
Published: January 2023

Aim and objective: In the present scenario the medicine system from the west has started acknowledging the importance and wisdom of the ancient medicine system such as Siddha, Ayurvedha, Unani. There are many diseases that need surgical procedures till date, so in order to find a probable cure now a paradigm shift is really important. Tonsillitis is an infection of the tonsils associated with a sore throat, difficulty in swallowing, fever, etc. Still, surgical removal of tonsils is one of the most frequent procedures during childhood. In the Siddha system of medicine tonsillitis can be compared with Virana silatham. To evaluate the effect of Siddha medicine in the management of tonsillitis. Materials and Methods: The subject approached Out Patient Department of Siddha Clinical Research Unit(SCRU),under Central Council for Research in Siddha(CCRS), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi with symptoms of sore throat, ear pain, difficulty in swallowing, sleep apnoea, which involved problems of breathing at night and foul smell from the mouth for past four months systemically. Discussion: The manifestation of symptoms and their severity depends on the extent of involvement of Uyir thathukkal (Vali,Azhal, Iyyam). Though the disease is Iyyam and Azhal predominant, there is derangement of Iyyam and Azhal Dosham in Virana silatham. Results: In this case, the subject showed a marked improvement as depicted in the photographs taken at different levels of treatment, also there was a significant improvement noted in both subjective and objective parameters. By adopting the Siddha treatment approach with an external treatment modality an attempt is made to bring about satisfactory results.
A randomized single blind controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of Nimba-jambu-vasa kwath yoniprakshalan in the management of Kaphaj yonivyapad w.s.r. To trichomonas vaginitis
Authors: Shevkari Tejal , Shinde Amit Dattatray , Wagh Sonal Suresh , Naikwadi Ganesh
Published: January 2023

Kaphaj yonivyapad is one of twenty Yonivyapadas (gynaecological disorders) which shows the symptoms of Picchila Yonistrava (unctuous discharge) and Yonikandu (itching sensation in vagina), yonigat alpavedana (pain in abdomen), yonigat shitata (coldness per vagina) as described by Acharya Charak. According to modern this condition can be compaired with trichomonas vaginitis i.e., type of vaginal infections. On the topic of kaphaj yonivyapad many researchers have done work by taking different drugs, this  study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Nimba-Jambu-Adulasa Kwath (decoction) yoniprakshalan (vaginal douche). Study was done after ethical committee clearance on 90 patients of kaphaj yonivyapad in OPD of streerog-prasutitantra department of SST’s Ayurved Medical College, Sangamner. Patients were divided into two groups trial group had given Nimba-Jambu-Adulasa Kwath yoniprakshalan and control group had given Triphala Kwath yoniprakshalan for continues 7 days.
Formulation and development of Oral herbal liquid dosage form with its quality evaluation parameters
Authors: Gawai Ashish A , Dhore Bharat , Solanki Manisha , Morey Sapna , KR Biyani
Published: January 2023

The present work deals with the formulation and development of oral herbal liquid dosage and its comparative study with marketed dosage for quality evaluation parameters. We have used different Poly-herbs for the formulation of syrup because they expressed high effectiveness in a vast number of diseases. As aforementioned the therapeutic effect of herbal medicines is exerted due to the presence of different constituents and the effects are further potentiated when compatible herbals are formulated together in PHFs (Poly-herbal formulations). PHF show compatible effect with those of standard allopathic drugs. We had tested its Quality control pre and post-formulation evaluation parameters. The Quality control tests for developed herbal syrup include: Physical appearance (Color, Odor, and Taste), Clarity tests, solubility tests, pH, Density, Viscosity, Specific gravity, Refractive index, FTIR study of active constituent used in herbal syrup. This syrup is also tested for acute oral toxicity study (LD50), Antioxidant activity by using Nitric oxide free radical scavenging method, and hepato-protective activity by using paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. From the obtained results, we concluded that formulated poly-herbal syrup passed all quality control tests and also proved its effectiveness. The formulation F2 and F3 were the best poly-herbal formulation and it was selected for further study. In hepato-protective activity, F2 formulation when compared with the standard formulation of silymarin have shown good results.
Two – Arm, Randomized, Open Labeled, Comparative, Prospective Clinical Study to Assess the Efficacy of Amalaki Ghrita Aashchyotana versus Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Eye Ointment in Dry Eye Syndrome with special reference to Shushkaakshipaka
Authors: Jadhav Kavita Aniruddha , Deshmukh Atul , Keskar Manjiri , Patil Ashwini
Published: January 2023

Background: Increased computer work hours, reduced blinking and effect of light rays and radiation lead to raised number of cases of dry eye. Amalaki Ghrita Aashchyotana can be useful in the management of dry eye. Objectives: to compare the clinical efficacy of Amalaki Ghrita Aashchyotana with Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) eye ointment as a surface lubricant in dry eye syndrome with special reference to Shushkaakshipaka. Methods: In an open labeled, comparative, randomized, prospective clinical study, 60 patients of Dry eye syndrome were randomly selected randomly and categorized into 2 groups, each comprising 30 patients each. Patients in trial group were given Amalaki Ghrita Aashchyotana while patients in the control group were given local application of HPMC eye ointment for consecutive 90 days. Patients were assessed on various clinical parameters before and after the treatment. The data generated through clinical study was subjected to appropriate statistical tests. Results: On treatment of Amalaki Ghrita Aashchyotana in trial group and HPMC eye ointment in control group for 90 days showed significant difference in all objectives as well as subjective parameters on intra-group comparison. The statistically insignificant inter-group comparison shows that both the treatments were equivalent. No adverse events during or after the completion of study in any of the groups. Conclusion: Amalaki Ghrita Aashchyotana is equally efficient as HPMC eye ointment in Dry eye syndrome and has more advantage over HPMC ointment, as it also can help to improve visual acuity.
A single blind randomized controlled clinical trial of Munditika churna adjuvant Chinna kwath in the management of vatarakta with special reference to Gout
Authors: Durkunde Rushikesh S , Dere NIlesh , Soman Swati
Published: January 2023

Kayachikitsa is First branch of Ashtang ayurveda described by Vagbhatacharya. Samhitas like Charak Samhita, Shushrut, Vaghbhat Samhita etc. Vatarakta is described as a disease and symptoms also.

            Vatarakta is a Sammurchana Janit (combined) Vyadhi of Vata and Rakta. The aggravated Vata is being obstructed in its passage by Dushit Rakta. This Vata again vitiates the whole Rakta. This condition is known as Vatarakta. It can be corelated to the Gout disease in modern science due to similar sign and symptoms. Munditika Churna has been mentioned in Chakradutta and Bhaishajyaratnavali is effective in the management of Vatarakta and thus selected as a trial drug. Amrutadi Kwath Previously tested drug is selected for control group.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Munditika Churna Adjuvant Chinna Kwath in Management of Vatarakta w.s.r. to Gout. Materials and Method: A total 70 patients of the age group 20-70 years presenting with signs and symptoms of Vatarakta w.s.r Gout were selected randomly from OPD of the department of Kayachikitsa. The 35 patients of trial group were treated with Munditika Churna Adjuvant Chinna Kwath and 35 patients of control group were subjected to Amrutadi Kwath. Results: Munditika Churna Adjuvant Chinna Kwath is effective on Vatarakta. Conclusion: Munditita Churna is an effective, safe and potent treatment of Vatarakta w.s.r. to Gout.
Training and detraining management of performance measures by Yoga among middle-aged blue-collar men
Authors: Bhowmik Bhunia Gopinath , Ray Uday Sankar
Published: January 2023

To observe the effect of yogasanas and yoga breathing maneuvers (YBM) on body flexibility, balance, muscular strength and reaction time on middle aged blue-collar individuals, 8 healthy blue collar, males (age 37±6.2 years) were trained in yoga for 12 weeks. First 6 weeks, they practiced mostly yogasanas. From 7th week, progressively the YBM practice increased up to 12th week. Their body flexibility, balance, maximal hand grip strength (HGS) and HGS endurance  at 50 % maximal strength for both hands, back -leg strength (BLS), reaction times for both visual (VRT) and auditory (ART) mode, were measured before and at the end of 6th and 12th weeks yoga training. Data was analysed by ANOVA. With more yogasanas practice, their body flexibility improved from base line 14.1±4.5 cm to 18.3±4.3 cm (P<0.001, magnitude 29.8%) after 6 weeks of yoga training.  With proportionately greater YBM practice, still it increased in lower magnitude (9.3%) to 20±4.6 cm (p<0.001) after 12 weeks of training. Balance showed similar pattern of changes like flexibility. In VRT, baseline value of 281.4±16.4ms reduced to 271.14±16.1 ms and 251.7±15.4 ms after 6 weeks and 12 weeks respectively, indicating greater reaction time improvement by YBM. ART also showed similar pattern of changes. Left and Right HGS endurance have improved by 19% and 23.1% respectively, after 6 weeks. BLS and HGS improved in small magnitude. Detraining and age related deterioration of body flexibility, balance, reaction time and strength endurance could be controlled by yogasanas. YBM have greater positive role in reaction time.
Single Blind Randomized Control Clinical Study to Assess the Effect of Cow-Ghee On Lipid Profile and Blood Glucose in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Parihar Vinod , Bansal Charu , Shukla Umesh , Dawar Ghanshyam
Published: January 2023

Ayurveda consider cow ghee as healthiest source of dietary fat and have rejuvenating property, improves memory and strengthens nervous, eyes and protects the body from various diseases by balancing all three Doshas (Vata, Pitta and Kaph) and advocates it’s use in daily diet to maintain health. Though, today concept of healthy eating has become synonym to avoid ghee. Aim: To assess the efficacy of Cow Ghee on Lipid Profile and Blood Sugar levels in Healthy Volunteers. Materials and methods: This was a Single blind randomized control clinical study. 60 healthy volunteers (30 in each group) between the age group 25-45 years were randomly selected. FBS was assessed based on WHO Guideline and Complete lipid profile was assessed based on ATP III Guideline.  Statistical analysis used:  result was assessed using Paired and unpaired t test with the help of Graph Pad InStat-3 software. Results: The slight increase in FBS, TC, TGs, VLDL, and HDL was recorded with mean difference 2.054, 2.91 (p = 0.4376), 21.568 (p = 0.0024), 4.141 (p = 0.0039), and 2.068 (p=0.0483) respectively compare to mean difference 10.260, 5.835 (p=0.2348), 16.88 (p=0.0297), 3.39 (p = 0.0274), and no change in HDL in placebo control group. While decrease in LDL by mean difference 3.291 (p = 0.3786) was recorded in cow ghee group compare to increase in mean difference 1.497 (p = 0.7844) in placebo control group. Conclusion: study reveals no adverse effect of consumption of 15-gram cow ghee daily for 45 days on lipids and FBS.
Ayurvedic management of Eka Kushta w.s.r to Psoriasis: A Case study
Authors: Mada Avinash Reddy , Mangu Srivishnu Priya , KC Ragamala
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT:

Eka Kushta is a type of Kshudra Kushta occurring mainly due to imbalance of Vata and Kapha Doshas, resembling Psoriasis in its clinical manifestations. Psoriasis is one of the most common dermatologic diseases, affecting up to 2% of world population. Childhood psoriasis is relatively common with prevalence of 1-3% of general population. Psoriasis is an immune mediated disease clinically characterized by erythematous, sharply demarcated papules and rounded plaques covered by silvery scales. The most commonly involved areas are the  elbows, gluteal cleft, knees and scalp. In Ayurveda various treatment modalities have been described in the  management of Eka kushta  which includes Shodana and Shamana. Hence, in the present case report a 8 year male child who came to Kaumarabhritya Out Patient Department presenting with symptoms of Eka kushta on elbows, knees, hands and feet, was treated with Shodana chikitsai.e, Virechana followed by Vasti and Shamana chikitsa i.e internal medication. The symptoms were assessed with the help PASI score at pre and post therapy, and the results were noted. After treatment satisfactory results were observed.

Key words :Eka kushta, Psoriasis, PASI Score, Shodana chikitsa, Shamana chikitsa

Corresponding Author:

M.Avinash Reddy,

PG Scholar,

Department of Kaumarabhritya,

S.V. Ayurvedic College, Tirupati,

Andhra Pradesh. India.

Email Id: reddyavinash771@gmail.com
A Narrative Review on the etiopathogenesis of Primary Dysmenorrhea with reference to Kastartava in Ayurveda literature
Authors: Unnikrishnan Parvathy , Rathod Prathiksha , Potdar Jyotsna Sanjay
Published: January 2023

Objectives: Different dimensions of Primary Dysmenorrhea in Ayurveda literature has been explored and conceptualised it with the available physiological and anatomical understanding. Content: The concept of Primary Dysmenorrhea is better understood upon the basic understanding of Kastartava dating back to the phase of adolescence. 75% of adolescent girls’ experiences problems related to menstruation including delayed, irregular, painful, and heavy menstrual bleeding. Among these, painful menstruation or dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological problem seen in reproductive age group. “Primary dysmenorrhea, one among its two types, is a cyclical lower abdominal or pelvic pain of sufficient magnitude so as to incapacitate day to day activities without any identifiable or evident pelvic pathology”. Ayurveda classics were reviewed to analyse the various aspects of Kastartava and correlated with research papers in terms of evidence-based physiological and anatomical advancements. Databases like PubMed, Scopus were searched using keywords like Shoola, Kastartava, Udavartini, Vatiki Yonivyapat, Dysmenorrhea, Primary Dysmenorrhea AND Ayurveda, Pain measurement, Quality of life, Inflammatory Markers, Prostaglandin theory. Summary: Various aspects of Shoola and Kastartava in Ayurveda from evidence-based advancements in Primary Dysmenorrhea based on recent researches have been put forward for basic evidence in relation with Pathophysiology of Primary Dysmenorrhea. Outlook: Understanding the pathophysiology of pain in Primary Dysmenorrhea with respect to the clinical presentation of Kastartava will give new insights to manage the clinical condition.
A pilot study to observe the progression of Vyadhi Samprapti in Srotas in the context of Hypothyroidism
Authors: Ware Rajashri , Chavhan Santosh G , Gatphane Rupali , Denge Kalpana
Published: January 2023

In chronic conditions, the progression of samprapti (pathogenesis) of Hypothyroidism in various Srotasas (Body Channels) can be observed due to the lack of Nidanparivarjanam (restraining of etiological factor) and Shuddha-Chikitsa (Comprehensive treatment). Assessment of the progression of the pathogenesis of Hypothyroidism in the Srotasas would help to decide the treatment plan for Hypothyroidism according to the stage of the disease, which prevents the further progression of the disease and drug dependency. Objectives: Observe the progression of the pathogenesis of Hypothyroidism in the Srotasas by assessing signs and symptoms of the Dhatupradoshaja Vikara (diseases due to vitiation of dhatu) along with their severity. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 50 patients with chronicity of hypothyroidism for more than 1 year and on therapy were selected randomly and categorized into 5 groups, according to their chronicity. A separate case proforma was designed to focus on the assessment of the progression of the pathogenesis in patients of Hypothyroidism. The signs and symptoms described as Dhatupradoshaja Vikara, chronicity of hypothyroidism, findings of Thyroid Function Test (total serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, serum, total serum triiodothyronine, total serum thyroxine,) and drug dosage were recorded in each patient. The data was subjected to statistical tests.  Results: It is observed that the extent of signs and symptoms of Dhatupradoshaja Vikaras increased with the chronicity of Hypothyroidism in study participants. Progression of Samprapti of hypothyroidism in further Srotasa was observed in patients with chronicity of Hypothyroidism, especially in individuals with Avar Agni (weak state of digestive and metabolic factors). It is observed that in the study participant drug dosages were escalated with chronicity and Avara Agnibala (weak state of Agni).  Rasadhatu and Rasavaha Srotas along with Medodhatu and Medovaha Srotas are priorly and predominantly get vitiated in the Samprapti while other Dhatus and Dhatuvaha Srotasa are involved in Samprapti over the period. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the vyadhi samprapti of Hypothyroidism progresses in further Srotasa with the chronicity of hypothyroidism.
Evaluation of comparative efficacy of Guduchyadi Leha Versus Kalyanaka Leha as a standard control in the management of Gadgada (Stuttering) in children: A Randomized double-blind clinical study
Authors: Rudey Megha Dipak , Rathi Renu
Published: January 2023

Background- Speech is a unique characteristic of a human being that helps to convey his/her thoughts, and ideas to others. Stuttering is a speech disability in which a person is unable to speak with a normal fluency of speech. Ayurveda portrays a disease named ‘Gadgada’, which shows the same clinical features as ‘Stuttering’ in conventional science. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of ‘Guduchyadi Leha’ and ‘Kalyanaka Leha’ as local applications on the tongue and same as internal administration also for the management of Gadgada in children. Material and Method- This Clinical trial was a parallel-arm, randomized double-blind study. A total of 30 patients were enrolled in this study after fulfilling the inclusion criteria, 15 patients were in each group. In Group A- Kalyanaka Leha (Standard control) and in Group B- Guduchyadi Leha (Trial drug) was given for local application over the tongue (Jivha Pratisarana and Prashan) same as for internal administration also for 45 days. Assessment of stuttering was done by using the parameters of the SSI-4 scale fortnightly. Results- Positive results were seen in both groups. On the 90th day, follow-up showed both the group was reduced stuttering and there was an improvement in the fluency of speech. Conclusion- Significant results were noted in both the interventions with less % of regression of stuttering after treatment.
Gerakan Hijrah dan Kontestasi Ruang Publik Indonesia
Authors: Fansuri Hamzah
Published: January 2023

Artikel ini membahas bagaimana komunitas-komunitas kaum muda Muslim perkotaan Indonesia berupaya merebut ruang publik perkotaan untuk menggaungkan kesalehan performatif dan mempromosikan gerakan hijrah. Dengan mempelajari salat berjamaah, tabligh akbar, dan mengaji Quran di beberapa ruang publik Indonesia, tulisan ini berargumen bahwa kaum muda Muslim Indonesia kontemporer sangat sadar bahwa strategi baru dakwah Islam perlu menguasai ruang publik setelah sekian lama direpresi oleh rezim Suharto. Baru-baru ini, mengaji Quran dengan penduduk setempat telah berlangsung di trotoar jalan utama di Yogyakarta dan Pekanbaru. Di kota-kota lain, keterlibatan massa dalam ritual bernuansa Islam di ruang publik seperti pusat perbelanjaan, jalan raya, alun-alun kota, dan pusat-pusat keramaian lainnya telah menarik minat kaum urban Muslim. Dalam komunitas-komunitas Muslim yang saling terhubung ini, di satu sisi, mereka memahami bahwa salat berjamaah, pengajian, pembacaan Quran, dan tindakan performatif lainnya dapat berlangsung tidak hanya di tempat-tempat suci. Di sisi lain, mereka juga menganggap perlunya menggambarkan bahwa mayoritas Muslim di Indonesia tidak hanya signifikan secara statistik. Lebih lanjut, artikel ini menggambarkan bahwa meningkatnya performativitas dan artikulasi Islam di ruang publik merupakan fenomena yang tengah berlangsung di dunia Barat dan Timur terkait kebutuhan spiritual umat Islam di tengah disrupsi ekonomi, sosial, dan politik global.
Media Baru dan Otoritas Keagamaan Generasi Milenial Muslim
Authors: Santoso Joko
Published: January 2023

Media baru menjadi media utama dalam penyebaran informasi saat ini. Dengan media ini informasi dapat disebarkan dengan cepat dan masif. Para pegiat keagamaan juga menjadikan media ini sebagai media penyebaran pengaruhnya. Target dakwah mereka, Generasi Milenial Muslim menjadi generasi baru dalam target dakwah di Indonesia. Generasi ini menjadikan media baru dalam mencari informasi, termasuk sumber-sumber pengetahuan keagamaan. Platform Instagram dan YouTube merupakan dua kanal yang palinng sering digunakan dalam menyebarkan dan menerima informasi keagamaan. Para dai yang mengisi ceruk-ceruk ini juga memanfaatkan media baru sebagai media alternatif dalam menyebarkan pengaruh keagamaan.
Keberagamaan Hijrah: Kebutuhan Ekonomi, Sosial Kultural, dan Eksistensi di Kalangan Selebritas
Authors: Agustin Yumniati , Nurcahyo Widyat , Novida Irma
Published: January 2023

Hijrah tidak selalu membawa dampak positif, tetapi terkadang memberikan dampak negatif dalam pandangan orang lain. Hal ini terjadi karena pelaku hijrah tidak semuanya berubah atas dasar keinginannya dari dalam hati dan dengan tekun mempelajari agama Islam dengan baik. Pelbagai motif melatarbelakangi munculnya hijrah di Indonesia, seperti: ekonomi, sosial kultural, dan eksistensi. Dari tiga aspek ini, kebutuhan hijrah menjadi suatu bantuk yang diikuti, tetapi tidak diresapi sebagai suatu bentuk perubahan yang harus terimaji di dalam hati. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengkaji fenomena hijrah di kalangan selebritas dengan menggunakan teori Teun A. van Dijk: kognisi, konteks sosial, dan teks. Melalui teori ini, peneliti dapat menelaah pelbagai fenomenan di masyarakat terkait hijrah yang sedang ramai diperbincangkan generasi milenial. Metode dalam penelitian ini merupakan analisis isi. Sumber data didapatkan dari media sosial dan media lainnya yang memuat fenomena hijrah di kalangan selebritas. Hasilnya didapatkan bahwa hijrah tidak sekadar ingin berubah dari hati, tetapi ada motif ekonomi yang harus terpenuhi. Selain itu, hijrah juga diikuti berdasarkan sosial kultural masyarakat Indonesia yang mengikuti pergerakan yang besar. Tujuannya agar tetap eksis di dunia hiburan tanah air dengan segala macam polemiknya.
PEMODELAN PERLINDUNGAN SAMBARAN PETIR PADA TRANSFORMATOR DAYA DI GARDU INDUK TEGANGAN TINGGI
Authors: Bramantyo Fauzi , Rohana Rohana , Hardi Surya
Published: January 2023

Sambaran petir merupakan gangguan yang sering terjadi pada saluran transmisi dapat mengakibatkan tegangan lebih transient pada saluran transmisi merambat ke ujung jaringan dan akhirnya mencapai gardu induk. Pada gardu banyak terdapat peralatan sensitif terhadap tegangan lebih diantanya transformator. Untuk mencegah kerusakan akibat tegangan lebih dipasang Arester. Simulasi penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan menggunakan software Alternative Transient Program (ATP). Arester dimodelkan sebagai model IEEE. Sambaran petir  disimulasi ke kawat tanah menara transmisi. Arrester dipasang dilokasi sebelum dan sesudah menara terakhir dekat dengan transformator daya. Arus surja petir standard IEC bervariasi dari 20 kA hingga 100 kA dengan kelipatan 20 kA. Hasil diperoleh tegangan lebih maksimum terjadi ketika sistem  diijeksikan arus petir 100 kA dengan kondisi sistem belum terpasang Arrester dengan tegangan puncak yang terjadi pada masing-masing fasa berturut-turut, Fasa A, Fasa B dan Fasa C  sebesar 3.649 kV, 2.836 KV, dan 3.473 kV.  Tegangan minimum yang terjadi ketika arus petir 20 kA diinjeksikan kedalam sistem yang sudah terpasang Arrester, dan Arrester  dipasang setelah menara. Nilai tegangan puncak yang timbul pada  Fasa A, Fasa B dan Fasa C berturut–turut sebesar 191 kV, 175 kV dan 175 kV. Pemasangan Arester dapat menurunkan tegangan lebih pada setiap fasanya dan lokasi pemasangan arrester yang paling efektif adalah dekat dengan transformator daya.

Kata kunci :
BLENDING ARANG AKTIF CANGKANG KEMIRI DAN CANGKANG SAWIT DALAM PENJERNIHAN MINYAK GORENG BEKAS
Authors: Paranita Darni , Donda Donda , Sebayang Mariani
Published: January 2023

Pemanfaatan minyak goreng yang dilakukan secara terus menerus akan menghasilkan limbah berupa minyak goreng bekas yang memiliki kandungan asam lemak yang cukup tinggi dan bersifat karsinogenik. Solusi yang penulis yang digunakan untuk menangani masalah ini adalah dengan melakukan pemutihan atau bleaching pada minyak goreng bekas dengan tujuan untuk memurnikan serta menghilangkan zat-zat warna yang terbentuk akibat oksidasi dan degradasi komponen kimia. Bleaching atau pemucatan adalah proses memurnikan serta menghilangkan zat-zat warna yang terbentuk akibat oksidasi dan degradasi komponen kimia. Arang aktif adalah arang yang diolah dengan suhu tinggi , bahan bahan kimia atau gas CO2 dengan tujuan untuk membuka pori-porinya sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben. Bahan baku yang digunakan sebagai arang aktif adalah limbah cangkang kelapa sawit dan limbah kemiri yang merupakan limbah industri dan pemanfaatannya masih kurang maksimal. Untuk meningkatkan daya adsorpsi pada saat proses bleaching, digunakan metode blending yang menggabungkan dua atau lebih jenis arang aktif. Pada penelitian ini akan menggunakan variasi perbandingan blending antara arang aktif cangkang kemiri dengan cangkang kelapa sawit dengan rasio 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, dan 1:4 dalam satuan berat.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perbandingan 1:4 sudah memenuhi syarat yg ditetapkan SNI 01-3741-2002 diperoleh kadar air 0,19 %, FFA 0,3220 %, densitas 0,8860 gr/ml, Bilangan Iodine 39,0889 mg/gr dan bilangan asam 0,4478 mg KOH/gr
ANALISIS SALURAN PEMASARAN SALAK (Studi Kasus : Desa Batu Layan Kecamatan Angkola Julu Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan)
Authors: Syafiruddin Syafiruddin , Siregar Nova Tapsila
Published: January 2023

Analisis saluran pemasaran salak, biaya pemasaraan dan margin pemasaran dalam lembaga pemasaran di Desa Batu Layan Kecamatan Angkola Julu sangat penting untuk ketahui, sebagai dasar memahami sebaran margin dari kegiatan pemasaran. Populasi petani salak di desa Batu Layan sebanyak 65 orang maka diambil sampel sebanyak 24 petani salak dari jumlah populasi. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kusioner dengan  metode analisis data yang digunakan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan biaya pemasaran yang dikeluarkan setiap lembaga, margin pemasaran dan farmer share dalam setiap saluran serta untuk mengetahui saluran yang paling efesien digunakan oleh petani salak di desa Batu Layan Kecamatan Angkola Julu. Ada 3 saluran pemasaran yanbg digunakan petani salak, karena perbedaan kualitas salak, jarak dari pusat desa dan jumlah produksi.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN AKTIVITAS SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW
Authors: Putri Jihan Hidayah
Published: January 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika dan aktivitas belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) dan dilaksanakan pada semester genap di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Beringin. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 siklus dimana setiap siklus terdiri dari 2 pertemuan. Instrumen penelitian dalam mengumpulkan data adalah tes hasil belajar, lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan siswa, dan wawancara. Dari analisis data tes hasil belajar terdapat peningkatan rata-rata yakni; 62,22 pada tes diagnostik, 76,57 pada siklus I, dan 80,29 pada siklus II. Pada kriteria ketuntasan belajar siswa juga terdapat peningkatan yakni pada tes diagnostik sebanyak 11 orang (34,4%), siklus I sebanyak 20 orang (58,06%) dan siklus II sebanyak 29 orang (85,3%).Dari lembar observasi aktivitas siswa terdapat peningkatan rata-rata aktivitas siswa yakni; 2,2 (baik) siklus I dan 3,6 (sangat baik) siklus II. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Beringin.
Ekos Thrombolysis for The Management of Ilio-Femoral Dvt at Cumberland Infirmary
Authors: B Mohamed , I Navaro , R Eifell , M Cusso , T Barakat , S Babikir , D Taran , C Marson , T Ojimba , S Naqvi
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Venous-thromboembolism is common vascular disease affecting lower limbs composed of DVT (2/3 of VTE) and PE (1/3 of VTE). The goal of management of DVT is to prevent PE, recurrence or PTS .Anticoagulation was the cornerstone of DVT management to prevent PE or recurrent DVT. Aim: To review our experience and assess efficacy of EKOS® thrombolysis in management of ilio-femoral DVT at Cumberland infirmary focusing on clinical outcome and any post procedure complications. Results: 22 patients had thrombolysis for illiofemoral DVT over 7years in Cumberland infirmary (Females 16 Males 5). Median age 20-89 years. Total number of treatment Sessions; 1 session: 18.18% (n=4), 2 Session: 54.54% (n=12), 3 sessions: 22.73% (n=5), 4 sessions: 04.55% (n=1). Success rate more than 80%: 90.91.7 % (n=20). Further procedures needed, Stents placement %77.27 (n=17), angioplasty 36.36% (n=8). Outcome; Improvement of symptoms in 90.91% % (n=20) leg ulcer healed in 9.52% (n=2). Post procedure complications: Leg swelling 28.6% (n=6) all are short terms resolved within six weeks and just one long standing leg swelling. Post procedure leg pain is in 19.04% (n=4). Ongoing issues were in 9.52% (n=2) and were persistent leg ulcer and PTS in each. One patient had recurrence. No patient had PE/ intracranial bleeding. Conclusion: EKOS is effective in treating acute ilio-femoral DVT with patency at 80% and more at the cessation of treatment, as well as prevention of DVT related long term complication (recurrence-PE and PTS) in comparison of conventional CDT or anticoagulation alone.
PENGARUH IKLIM SEKOLAH DAN DISIPLIN BELAJAR TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA SD SWASTA BERYAYASAN BUDDHA SE KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Yohanes Rasul Sudarmaji  , Muljadi  , Situ Asih
Published: January 2023

THE INFLUENCE OF THE SCHOOL ENVIROMENT AND LEARNING DISCIPLINE TO THE ACHIVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ENTERE  BUDDHA FONDATION SCHOOL IN TANGERANG CITY ". Meanwhile, this study aims to examine 1) Is there an effect of School Enviroment on learning achievement, 2) is there an effect of Learning discipline  on learning achievement, and 3) is there an effect of School Enviroment and Learning discipline on learning achievement together.
This type of research includes quantitative research with conclusions drawn through statistical analysis. The research location is in private junior high schools throughout the city of Tangerang, the population is Class V totaling 171 students, and the research sample totaling 120 students. The data collection technique used a closed questionnaire with a Likert scale. Data analysis techniques include: (1) instrument test, validity and reliability test. (2) Research prerequisite test, consisting of normality and linearity tests. (3) Homogeneity test, 4) Hypothesis test, using multiple regression test, partial regression test, F/simultaneous test and coefficient of determination test.
Based on the results of the study:  There is a positive and very significant effect between School Enviroment  (X1) on Learning Achievement (Y) with a correlation coefficient score of ry1 = 0.678a, the influence of High Learning discipline  (X1) will have a strong influence on Learning Achievement (Y) private Elementary School  students in the city of Tangerang with a coefficient of determination score of r2y1 = 0.654, a contribution or influence of 65,4%, the remaining 34,6% was contributed by other variables that have a positive relationship with an increase in student achievement (Y)  Elementary School  in Tangerang City., the effect of School Enviroment (X1) and Learning discipline   (X2) together with strong learning achievement (Y) will have a large relationship with learning achievement (Y), with a determination coefficient score of r2y3 = 0.781. Contribution or influence of 34,6%, the remaining 65,4% was contributed by other variables that have a relationship with increasing learning achievement (Y).
A STUDY ON TOTAL LYMPHOCYTE COUNT AND CD4 COUNT IN HIV AFFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: Amboja Dennis
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The study aimed to assess the total lymphocyte count and CD4 count in HIV affected patients.

Methodology: The approach we used in this study was to gather and analyze a wide range of research articles.

Findings: Worldwide estimates of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus was approximately 32 million in 2007 with thousands of people getting infected every day. Most people living with HIV are from developing countries with less than 5% receiving antiretroviral therapy. In 2009, an estimated 2.6 million people became infected out of which approximately 1.8 million were from sub-Saharan Africa. The initiation of antiretroviral therapy is based on CD4 counts of less than 350 cells/mm3 according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centre for Disease Control (CDC). The determination of CD4 count however in resource-limited localities is difficult. A total lymphocyte count (TLC) of <1200 cells/mm3 has been recommended in addition to WHO staging (stage II) of the disease, for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in such localities.

Unique contribution  to  theory,  practice  and  policy: The use of absolute lymphocyte count as a marker for HIV progression has been argued in many quarters over the years. Studies have suggested that when the absolute lymphocyte count is used in conjunction with blood hemoglobin, it gives a more sensitive marker for HIV progression with other studies discrediting the use of TLC in such settings.
ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS ON THE FIRST FILIAL GENERATION FROM THE WISTAR RATS FED WITH CALCIUM CARBIDE RIPENED ORANGE.
Authors: Ogoun Timipa Richard , Ayawei N.
Published: January 2023

Purpose and Methods: The use of chemicals for fruit ripening is constantly on the increase and inadvertently, such chemicals are consumed unperceived. The aim of the study is the assess the Biochemical parameters of the Pups from the Wistar rats fed with Calcium Carbide induced ripened orange. Unripe mature oranges were gotten for the parent plant at Ogu, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. The fruits were divided into two; the first group was allowed to ripe at normal room temperature and 1kg of the second oranges wrapped with black nylon were forced to ripe within 48 hours with 10grams of Calcium carbide which was dissolved in 5ml of water in a closed steel bucket. 600g of each groups of the ripened oranges were peeled differently and blended in an electric blender with 350ml/1L distilled water. The juice was filtered with a clean fine sieve and were poured into clean bottles labeled accordingly and stored in a refrigerator for future use. 24 adult Wistar rats [12 male and female of each sex] weighing between 126.9- 213.3g were used. They were acclimatize for two [2] weeks and was fed with standard grower mash with clean water ad libitum. The Wistar rats were grouped into three, [1] Control, of 8 rats [4 males and 4 females] receive normal water and feeds only as placebo. [2] Treatment group I, containing 8 rats [4 males and 4 females] received 5ml/kg of the naturally ripened orange juice [3] Treatment II of 8 rats [4 males and 4 females] received 5ml/kg of the Calcium carbide induced ripened orange juice orally against their body weight for four weeks. The Wistar rats copulates freely during this period. Birthing occurred in the three groups and the Pups were collected weight at birth, at one week and the two week. They were sacrifice at second week and blood sample collected for the Biochemical analysis. Data collected from this study was analyzed as Mean ± Standard Error of Mean [SEM]. Significant difference among the groups was determined as P<0.05; by two-way ANOVA; using Statistical Analysis Program for Social Sciences [SPSS 22.0 Version].

Findings and recommendations: The results of this study showed statistically significant increase in the mean AST, ALT, ALP, Creatinine, Urea, Total Biluribin and Lactate Dehydrogenase of the pup of the Wistar rats fed with Calcium carbide forced ripened orange juice in contrast with the control group (p<0.05). There was significant reduction in the mean Albumin, Total Protein and Total Cholesterol in the pups from the Wistar rats fed with Calcium carbide forced ripened orange juice when compared with the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, there is nutritional programming of Calcium Carbide forced ripened fruit when consumed by a mother and could cause hepatic and/or extra-hepatic toxicity, renal failure, heart failure, coronary heart diseases of the offspring. Thus; we recommend strongly, the abolishment of Calcium carbide as an agent for fruit ripening.