bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing the Preference for Homes as the Location for Long-term Care in the Japanese Population
Authors: Ukawa Shigekazu , Kato Yusuke , Lee Yonggeun , Ohara Kazuoki , Mori Kazuhiko
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the factors for preferring homes as the location to receive long-term care in community-dwelling populations.

Methods:

A total of 4,113 individuals with a response rate of 36.7% from four areas in Japan were analyzed. All information was obtained from a questionnaire survey conducted in 2019. We used negative binominal regression modeling with adjustments for areas to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the preference of long-term home care about factors. All missing values were input using multiple imputations.

Results:

The results show that the prevalence of preferring homes as the location for receiving long-term care was 73.4%. Being employed (PR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00–1.09), living with others (PR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.05–1.19), feeling satisfied with the environment of nursing care in residential areas (PR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00–1.10), feeling satisfied with the natural surroundings in the community (PR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.07–1.31), the presence of people in the community who can be consulted about problems (PR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00–1.10), and the presence of close friends in the community (PR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03–1.15) were significantly associated with the preference for long-term home care.

Conclusion:

We suggest that municipalities should consider these social and interpersonal associations to support older residents’ preference of receiving home care services.
MicroRNA Expression Profile Separates Squamous Cell Carcinoma by
Mode of Differentiation
Authors: Marumo Andani , Botha Adam , Molepo Julitha , Adeola Henry , Magangane Pumza , Molaudzi Mulalo
Published: April 2023

Background:

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a non-melanoma skin cancer with sev-eral risk factors including age and sun exposure. The degree of histological differentiation is consid-ered an independent predictor of recurrence, metastasis, and survival. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in regulating gene expression, culminating in the initiation and progression of multiple tumors. The aim of this study was to determine changes in miRNA expression as a result of the mode of differentiation in SCC.

Methods:

We analyzed 29 SCC samples that were separated by mode of differentiation into well (n=4), moderate (n=20) and poor (n=5). Of the 29 samples, five had matched normal tissues, which were used as controls. Total RNA was extracted using the RNeasy FFPE kit, and miRNAs were quantified using Qiagen MiRCURY LNA miRNA PCR Assays. Ten miRNAs (hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-146b-3p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-196-5p, hsa-miR-221-5p, hsa-miR-375, hsa-miR-205-5p, hsa-let-7d-5p and hsa-miR-491-5p) that have been previously differentiated in cancer, were quantified. A fold regulation above 1 indicated upregulation and below 1, downregula-tion.

Results:

Hierarchical clustering showed that the miRNA expression profile in the moderately differ-entiated group was similar to the well-differentiated group. The miRNA with the greatest upregula-tion in the moderate group was hsa-miR-375, while in the well group, hsa-miR-491-5p showed the greatest downregulation.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this study observed that the well and moderate groups had similar mi-croRNA expression patterns compared to the poorly differentiated group. MicroRNA expression profiling may be used to better understand the factors underpinning mode of differentiation in SCC.
Curvempirical Transform for Multimodal Fusion of Brain Images
Authors: Jamwal Anupama , Jain Shruti
Published: April 2023

Aims:

Medical imaging requires special operating procedures and can cause mis-images
that occur when someone is getting imaged, which can lead to inaccurate results

Background:

Adaptive illustration of the signal is imperative in signal processing. Empirical
Wavelet Transform (EWT) is a new-fangled adaptive signal decomposition technique.

Objective:

Brain image fusion understands a dynamic job in medical imaging applications by assisting radiologists in detecting the variation in CT and MR images.

Methods:

This paper presents a fusion of filter banks of CT-MR image modalities of the Brain using the Empirical Curvelet Transform and Hybrid technique. In the hybrid technique filter banks
of CT curvelet-MR little wood and CT little wood -MR curvelet were fused. The images were preprocessed using the Top Hat transform technique. The evaluation was performed based on the
performance evaluation parameter. PSNR and SSIM are considered performance evaluation parameters

Results:

It has been observed that the results of fused filter banks using the curvelet technique
show remarkable results in terms of PSNR and SSIM. The fused results show 29.10 dB PSNR and
0.819 SSIM.

Conclusion:

It has been observed that the fusion using only curvelet results in a 47.25% improvement in comparison with CT curvelet-MR little wood and a 42.68% improvement in comparison with CT little wood -MR curvelet.
Auto-aggressive Behavior as a Medical and Social Problem of Our Time: Definitions, Concepts, and Retrospective of Research by Russian Authors, Narrative Review
Authors: Darin Evgeny
Published: April 2023

:

The study of autoaggression is one of the main areas of research work in psychiatry,
suicidology, and psychology. Suicidal behavior remains one of the most dangerous forms of
autoaggressive behavior. In recent years, both in Russia, and around the world, there has been
an increased interest in the problem of non-suicidal injuries. This review aims to analyze,
summarize, and present definitions of autoaggression, suicidal behavior, and self-harm that are
relevant among Russian authors, as well as present long-term results of dissertation research by
Russian authors on this topic. A non-systematic narrative review is presented. In the first section,
a search was made for Russian-language, and English-language sources in the databases:
ELibrary.ru, PubMed, and the “google scholar” search system. Articles were searched by keywords:
Self-Injurious Behavior Suicide Suicidal Ideation Suicide, Attempted, autoaggression,
self-harm, and adolescents. In the second section, a search and analysis of dissertation research
by Russian authors from 2000 to 2020 are carried out using the database of the Russian State
Library. On this topic, a total of 86 papers were found, of which 66 theses directly study these
issues, 8 theses have information on this topic in the results and conclusions, and 12 theses
were excluded from the results as not relevant. The story is arranged in chronological order
from oldest to newest. Abstracts of dissertations are used for citation. The behavior of an autoaggressive
nature, self-injurious behavior, and non-suicidal self-harm is currently a phenomenon
that is widespread among adolescents. Currently, NSSI is an urgent problem of mental
health among adolescents.
Biology of Cancer
Authors: Alsiary Rawiah A. , Katouah Hanadi A. , Al-Amodi Hiba S. , Al-Toub Mashael
Published: April 2023

Loss of genomic stability in the cell due to defects in the checkpoint of DNA
damage, mitotic checkpoint, and telomere maintenance led to increased incidences of
base pair alterations. Therefore, that genomic instability plays a critical role in tumor
initiation and progression. Tumor progression requires a dynamic tumor/normal
exchange in their microenvironment to support tumor growth. The histological
alteration seen in the tumor at early stages confirms that the surface between the
epithelium and the stroma undergoes progressive disturbance. Tumor progression is
also affected by the immune system in which chronic inflammations promote the
growth of tumor. Tumor cells experience altered metabolic profiling to support their
growth. Cancer cells are characterized by uncontrolled cell division. For that, they
utilize glucose as a source of energy to help them grow faster than normal cells. Hence,
Glycolysis is a key metabolomics pathway consumed at a high rate during
carcinogenesis.
Cell Signaling Pathways in Cancer
Authors: Al-Saihati Hajir A. , Al-Toub Mashael , Sharaf Hanaa I. , Singh Manjari , Ansari Mohd. Nazam , Bin Saeedan Abdulaziz
Published: April 2023

Cancer is characterized by atypical cell proliferation that has the possibility
of dissemination to different body parts. Tumor formation is influenced by genetic
mutations and environmental pollutants. The formation and progression of
malignancies have been linked to a diversity of molecular paths. The JAK/STAT,
NOTCH, PI3K/AKT pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), transforming
growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) (TGF-), NF-B, and Wnt signaling pathways will be
highlighted in this chapter. Cancer development has been linked to various changes to
the signaling pathways' components. As a result, various initiatives to target signaling
pathways in order to build distinct treatment lines have been approved. In this chapter,
we discuss the role of signal transduction in cancer-associated processes and how their
targets influence the behavior of the tumor cells.
Epigenetic and Genetics Factors
Authors: Alsofyani Abeer A. , Samih Said Yazan
Published: April 2023

Despite variations in the morphology and behaviors of human body cells,
every single cell in our body is composed of identical DNA material. The variation in
cell phenotypes is a result of a specific regulatory mechanism known as epigenetics, by
which gene expression undergoes some modifications without the actual nucleotide
sequence being affected [1]. This phenomenon is accomplished through several
mechanisms, such as cytosine residue methylation, modifications of histone units, and
RNA interference. Therefore, epigenetics performs a key function in embryonic growth
and development, cellular RNA expression, gene imprinting, and silencing of females’
X chromosomes [2]. Any impairment in these mechanisms may cause various human
disorders, including cancer [3]. In carcinogenesis, defective epigenetic machinery at
several distinct levels results in abnormal cellular functions [4].
This chapter highlights epigenetics' importance in cancer development and its potential
applications for cancer treatment.
Continuous Random Variables
Authors: Kahl Alandra
Published: April 2023

Distributions of data give important information about the dataset, both to
researchers and to analysts. Continuous random variables are those variables whose
outcomes are measured instead of random variables that are counted. These variables
can be handled using probability density functions and cumulative distribution
functions. Both have appropriate times and usage cases.
Repurposed Drugs Against SARS-CoV-2 Replication in COVID-19
Authors: Verma Kavita , Mishra Yoganchal , Singh Sarika , Kapoor Neha , Yadav Neelam
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV -2), has emerged as a global health problem. It was first reported in Wuhan city of China, in December 2019. Unfortunately, no specific and effective drug is available to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients. There is an urgent need to control COVID-19pandemic. Research & development of novel molecules is a timeconsuming and labour-intensive procedure in the midst of a pandemic. The aim of drug repurposing is to find a therapeutically effective molecule from a library of pre-existing compounds. In the present article, a large number of anti-viral drugs with their potential efficacy in inhibiting replication of virus by targeting the virus S protein (Spike protein), 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and papain-like protease (PLpro), which play an important role in the replication cycle and pathogenesis of coronaviruses, were assessed as possible treatment options against SARS-CoV-2 infected COVID-19 patients. The continuing SARS-CoV-2 epidemic emphasises the importance of efficient anti-viral medications that can be administered swiftly to decrease morbidity, death, and viral transmission. Several breakthroughs in the development of COVID-19 treatment options might be made by repurposing widely active anti-viral medicines and chemicals that are known to suppress viral replication of related viruses.
Electrochemical Biosensors Design Steps
Authors: Naghib Seyed Morteza , Katebi Seyed Mahdi , Ghorbanzade Sadegh
Published: April 2023

Designing a biosensor is a complex engineering process requiring careful
consideration. This chapter takes a brief look at the design-to-fabrication process of
electrochemical biosensors and the evaluation of their performance. This review helps us
to build a roadmap for designing reliable and valuable biosensors for various
applications. The design roadmap consists of ten steps. The first section discusses the
importance of these steps, then some of them will be discussed in detail. This chapter
helps researchers to study the field of biosensors in a systematic and practical manner.
The Global Competition For Issuing Central Bank Digital Currency (‘CBDC’) And The Design Of Its Regulatory Framework - A Review Of The Development of CBDCs In China
Authors: Lu Qi , Ye Xiya
Published: April 2023

By 2021, over two-thirds of countries across the globe were exploring the
way to issue a CBDC, among which China has taken the lead. The Chinese CBDC –
DCEP has been on trial in various cities and areas, which heralds its general application
in the near future. However, by elaborating on the main features of the DCEP, this
paper discerns several challenges that the DCEP may have to face owing to the special
regulatory design – setting the reserve rate for the DCEP at 100% – to cater to the need
of the internationalization of the Renminbi (‘RMB’). This paper maintains that this
approach cannot achieve the goal as contemplated. Instead, it would invoke the severe
issue of narrow banking. To prevent this negative externality, as well as to stave off the
risk of a systemic bank run, this paper proposes to adopt differentiated treatments for
various types of digital wallets holding the DCEP.
A Diversified Dispute Resolution Mechanism for Settling International Commercial Disputes in China
Authors: Zheng Jie , Chen Li
Published: April 2023

Globalization and international trade call for dispute resolution service
competitions among various nations. China is building a Diversified Dispute
Resolution Mechanism (DDRM) to connect litigation with alternative dispute
resolution methods to enhance the efficiency and flexibility of its dispute resolution
system and improve the legal environment for foreign investment. This Chapter
demonstrates China’s latest development in international commercial dispute resolution
from three perspectives: the construction of the Chinese International Commercial
Court under the Belt-and-Road Initiative, arbitration reforms in FTZs, and the
development of commercial mediation in China with the impact of the Singapore
Mediation Convention on Mediation. These judicial reforms and legal practices prove
that China is moving towards the modernization of its commercial dispute resolution
system, but further legislative and judicial reforms are required.
Structure: The structure of this chapter consists of five sections. Section I summarizes
the concept of a diversified dispute resolution mechanism (DDSM) in the background
of China’s further integration into the world market and embracing international rules
of commercial dispute resolution. Section II to IV demonstrates the framework of the
DDSM from three perspectives: international commercial court, arbitration, and
commercial mediation. Section II focuses on China’s International Commercial Court
with emphasis on its jurisdiction, expertise in foreign law ascertainment, procedural
reforms, and the construction of a one-stop international commercial dispute resolution
platform. Section III concentrates on international arbitration reforms in the context of
free trade zones. The FTZs serve as a judicial experiment for allowing foreign
arbitration institutions to administer international commercial disputes in China, with
practical challenges, such as the legality concern of foreign arbitration institutions, the
scope of foreign-related disputes, and judicial support for the arbitration proceedings
administered by foreign arbitration institutions. Section IV discusses the mediation
legal framework in China, focusing on judicial mediation and commercial mediation,
with a light touch on the impact of the Singapore Convention on China’s mediation development. Section V concludes with current challenges to China’s development in a
diversified dispute resolution mechanism and provides recommendations for the future
development of the DDRM.
Distribution of MAAs
Authors: Kageyama Hakuto
Published: April 2023

Accumulation of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) has been reported
in a wide range of species in nature, including microalgae, macroalgae, cyanobacteria,
phytoplankton, fungi, and some animals. This chapter describes the distribution of
MAAs with a focus on macroalgae and cyanobacteria. MAAs biosynthesized by
macroalgae have already been applied in cosmetic products, such as Helioguard 365
and Helinori. Macroalgae tend to accumulate multiple types of MAAs, and the types
and accumulation levels are affected by changes in environmental factors. Regarding
cyanobacteria, we focus on UV, salt, and osmotic stresses, temperature changes, and
drought stress as environmental factors, and describe the species in which the
accumulations of MAAs are induced by these stresses. UV-B irradiation is a common
environmental factor that can induce the accumulation of MAAs in cyanobacteria, but
induction by other abiotic stresses has been reported. These findings suggest that
MAAs act as a multifunctional molecule that responds to a variety of environmental
factors, not just as a UV absorber.
Analytical and Preparative Methods for MAAs
Authors: Kageyama Hakuto
Published: April 2023

This chapter describes the basics of analytical and preparative methods for
mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). For samples whose molecular structures are
known, high-performance liquid chromatography is widely used as a simple
quantitative or qualitative analytical method for MAAs. However, if the molecular
structures are unknown, they are often identified by combining several analytical
methods, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic
resonance analysis. In MAA preparation, the first key factor is how efficiently MAAs
can be obtained in the extraction process from biological samples. The second key
factor is how efficiently high-purity MAAs can be obtained from the separation
process. This chapter also discusses the production of MAAs from an industrial
perspective.
Inclusive Entrepreneurship Model for Person with Disabilities: A critical reflection
Authors: Ngah Rohana , Junid Junainah , Abdullah Hasni , Khalique Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Persons with Disabilities are one of the marginalized communities that struggle economically and socially. Entrepreneurship has been considered one of the best options; however, PWDs need help in their business journey. The study investigates factors of the inclusive entrepreneurship model of Persons with Disabilities through their reflection. A focus group semi-structured interview was conducted with ten selected PWDs based on their entrepreneurship experience. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Findings show that psychological issues and social discrimination are major entrepreneurship obstacles. Therefore, entrepreneurship programs for PWDs should be more disabled-friendly and focus on their physical and emotional needs.
Patients With Rare Diseases and the Power of Online Support Groups: Implications for the Medical Community
Authors: Ashtari Sadaf , Taylor Adam
Published: April 2023

Background

Previous studies have shown positive tangible health benefits from using online support communities for informational support, daily living support, and emotional support. The specifics of how these communities can be improved have not been studied in detail.

Objective

This study will investigate various sources of information that patients with genetic disorders use to learn more about their condition. We will be using patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) as a typical representation of the wider group of patients with genetic disorders. This study will also investigate the benefits and disadvantages of web-based platforms and how they can be improved.

Methods

We used quantitative and qualitative analyses in this study. We undertook a web-based questionnaire survey and semistructured qualitative interviews through Zoom. Questionnaire results were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Thematic coding with constant comparison was used for interview transcript analysis.

Results

A total of 436 respondents completed some or all of the survey. The majority of participants are female (386/413, 93.46%), and 24% (99/413) of them are in the age range of 25-34 years. Around 81% (336/413) of the participants have some type of college degree, and 55% (227/413) of them have graduate degrees. About 49.31% (204/413) of them are not currently employed. Most patients stated that their health care providers did not give accurate and complete information to them regarding their health situation (mean 2.87, SD 1.34). Also, patients perceived their providers as not knowledgeable regarding web-based communities that discuss patients’ conditions (mean 1.93, SD 1.15). Patients are confident in using health care resources available in web-based health communities (mean 3.78, SD 1.13). We interviewed 30 participants. The demographics of the interviewees were aligned with those of the survey participants. A total of 9 different themes were identified based on the Qualtrics survey and qualitative interviews. Participants shared the pros and cons of different online support groups that they were using and gave suggestions for improvement. They requested a centralized database with different categories of resources classified based on different diseases. They also emphasized the importance of search features and the ability to find relevant information with a hashtag. Furthermore, they elaborated on the privacy and security concerns they have regarding web-based support group platforms.

Conclusions

Patients with rare diseases are finding information not available from their health care providers in community support groups. The medical community and web developers have a great opportunity to help these people by engaging with their web-based communities.
Development and Verification of a Time Series AI Model for Acute Kidney Injury Detection Based on a Multicenter Distributed Research Network (Preprint)
Authors: Heo Suncheol , Kang Eun-Ae , Yu Jae Yong , Kim Hae Reong , Lee Suehyun , Kim Kwangsoo , Hwangbo Yul , Park Rae Woong , Shin Hyunah , Ryu Kyeongmin , Kim Chungsoo , Jung Hyojung , Chegal Yebin , Lee Jae-Hyun , Park Yu Rang
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a marker of clinical deterioration and renal toxicity.
While there are many studies offering prediction models for the early detection of AKI, those predicting AKI occurrence using distributed research network (DRN)-based time series data are rare.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to detect the early occurrence of AKI by applying the interpretable LSTM-based model on a hospital EHR-based time series in patients who took nephrotoxic drugs using a DRN.

METHODS

We conducted a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study of data from six hospitals using a DRN. For each institution, a patient-based dataset was constructed using five drugs for AKI, and the interpretable multi-variable long short-term memory (IMV-LSTM) model was used for training. This study employed propensity score matching to mitigate differences in demographics and clinical characteristics. Additionally, the temporal attention values of the AKI prediction model's contribution variables were demonstrated for each institution and drug, with differences in highly important feature distributions between the case and control data confirmed using one-way analysis of variance.

RESULTS

This study analyzed 8,643 and 31,012 patients with and without AKI, respectively, across six hospitals. When analyzing the distribution of AKI onset, vancomycin showed an earlier onset (median: 12 days), and acyclovir was the slowest compared to the other drugs (median: 23 days). Our temporal deep learning model for AKI prediction performed well for most drugs. Acyclovir had the highest average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve score per drug (0.94), followed by acetaminophen (0.93), vancomycin (0.92), naproxen (0.90), and celecoxib (0.80). Based on the temporal attention values of the variables in the AKI prediction model, verified lymphocytes and calcium had the highest attention, whereas lymphocytes, albumin, and hemoglobin tended to decrease over time, and urine pH and prothrombin time tended to increase.

CONCLUSIONS

Early surveillance of AKI outbreaks can be achieved by applying the IMV-LSTM based on time series data through hospital electronic health records (EHR)-based DRNs. This approach can help identify risk factors and enable early detection of adverse drug reactions when prescribing drugs that cause renal toxicity before AKI occurs.
The Push-Pull Mentoring Model: Ensuring the Success of Mentors and Mentees (Preprint)
Authors: Silver Julie K , Gavini Nara
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Mentorship is vital for professional development in academic research and clinical practice, yet it faces challenges due to a limited number of experienced mentors and a lack of protected time for mentorship that may disproportionately affect women mentors in midcareer who are doing much of this “invisible work.” The Push-Pull Mentoring Model offers a potential solution by emphasizing shared responsibility and active engagement between mentors and mentees; it fosters a flexible and collaborative approach that is mutually (though not necessarily equally) supportive of both individuals’ career goals, with mentees pushing mentors up and facilitating opportunities in their realm of influence, including but not limited to sponsorship, while mentors are simultaneously pulling them up. The Push-Pull Mentoring Model provides a promising alternative to traditional mentoring models and may help institutions address the challenges associated with limited mentorship resources.
An evaluation of the BACtrack Skyn® wrist-worn transdermal alcohol monitor as a continuous measure of blood alcohol content (BAC) during naturalistic drinking (Preprint)
Authors: Garrisson Harriet , Aitken Blair , Ayre Elizabeth , Benson Sarah
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Research in the field of alcohol consumption relies on accurate measurement of alcohol intake. Transdermal alcohol monitors have recently emerged as a promising tool for measuring alcohol consumption in a valid and continuous way that addresses many of the limitations of other methods of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) measurement.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the BACtrack Skyn® transdermal sensor in measuring BAC during a drinking episode.

METHODS

41 participants (mean age 29.68 years) were given free access to alcohol whereby, participants self-selected their beverage, and frequency and quantity of intake (to a maximum of 1.3 g/kg body weight) over the course of four hours. Blood, breath and urine samples were collected at five timepoints throughout the night (i.e., hourly) and BACtrack Skyn transdermal sensors were worn by participants for the duration of the evening.

RESULTS

Transdermal alcohol content (TAC) measurement recorded by the Skyn device positively correlated with breath (r(41) = .84, 95%CI = .71 to .91, p < .001), blood (r(29) = .86, 95%CI = .75 to .94, p < .001), and urine (r(41) = .86, 95%CI = .75 to .92, p < .001) alcohol concentration. The Skyn device exhibited an average latency of 58 minutes between alcohol intake and detection and a failure rate of 65.9%.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this study indicate that Skyn devices hold promise for accurately measuring alcohol consumption, allowing for accurate, passive, and continuous alcohol intake over time. This may be particularly beneficial for researchers assessing real-world drinking, individuals seeking to manage their drinking, and healthcare professions providing personalised treatment for problematic drinking. However, the use of transdermal devices is currently challenged by several factors, including individual variability, device malfunction and difficulties with translating TAC into BAC data. Future research is needed to address these limitations.

CLINICALTRIAL

CTRN12621000818831
Inventarisasi Kupu-Kupu (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) di Suaka Margasatwa Paliyan, Gunung Kidul
Authors: Fasa Uliya
Published: April 2023

Suaka margasatwa merupakan lokasi yang lingkungannya masih terjaga alami sehingga dapat meminimalisir aktivitas konversi hutan. Metode jelajah atau eksplorasi merupakan metode yang penulis gunakan dalam penelitian inventarisasi kupu-kupu. Eksplorasi dilakukan dengan menyusuri transek yang menyesuaikan bentuk lokasi dengan jarak antar titik 20 meter. Area yang menjadi lokasi pengamatan diantaranya yaitu lahan terbuka, ladang, hutan campuran sedang, dan hutan campuran rapat. Data kupu-kupu diperoleh melalui dokumentasi atau ditangkap menggunakan insect net, diamati, kemudian dilepaskan kembali. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis kupu-kupu dan parameter lingkungan yang ada di lahan tebuka, ladang, hutan campuran sedang, dan hutan campuran rapat. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 22 spesies kupu-kupu dengan jumlah total 65 individu. Sebelumya, penelitian terkait inventarisasi kupu-kupu di Suaka Margasatwa Paliyan belum pernah dilakukan. Perlunya kegiatan konservasi kupu-kupu ini karena pentingnya kehadiran kupu-kupu sebagai penentu kualitas lingkungan. Pengungkapan diversitas kupu-kupu dapat digunakan sebagai database terkait jenis kupu-kupu yang ada di Indonesia khususnya Suaka Margasatwa Paliyan.
Cauchy Characteristics and Some Fluid Flow Problems
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana-500007 (India), REDDY K. SREERAM , MAHESH Ch. ,   Department of M&Ps, Nalla Malla Reddy Engineering College,Telangana-500088 (India)
Published: April 2023

The nature of the differential equation for steady compressible flow is different for subsonic and supersonic flows. For subsonic flow the equation, the equation is of hyperbolic type. In this case the simple wave equation linearised theory. The exact differential equation for the steady flow of a compressible fluid as the same nature as that of linearised theory for steady subsonic flow, the differential equation of the elliptic type and for the steady supersonic flow, the differential equation is of the hyperbolic type. The general theory of the method of characteristics for the case of two independent variables is particularly easy to visualize and computation methods for this case need to be studied extensively. In this paper we discussed some basic properties of irrational flows and boundary conditions that occur in aeronautical engineering problems.
Diagnóstico y pronóstico de situaciones sinópticas conducentes a ciclogénesis sobre el este de Sudamérica
Authors: Seluchi Marcelo E.
Published: April 2023

Una de las regiones más ciclogenéticas del Hemisferio Sur está comprendida entre los 20°S y 35°S sobre el este del continente americano y el Océano Atlántico adyacente. Las depresiones que allí se generan están usualmente asociadas a intensas precipitaciones y fuertes vientos del sudeste sobre el estuario del Río de la Plata, causando frecuentemente su desborde. El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar Ia situación sinóptica típica conducente a desarrollos de ciclones sobre el Este de Sudamérica y obtener métodos objetivos para su pronóstico. A partir de 54 casos, se obtuvieron los campos medios de altura geopotencial en los niveles de 1000 y 500 hPa y de espesor 500/1000 hPa, desde cinco días antes del evento. Los mapas medios muestran que la perturbación responsable puede ser detectada cinco días antes de la formación del ciclón. Dicha perturbación se desplaza lentamente, más al norte que lo habitual, se intensifica con la altura y está asociada a un núcleo frio en el mapa de espesor, lo que indica que este tipo de ciclogénesis suele vincularse con pasajes de depresiones segregadas. En la troposfera baja Ia anomalía ciclónica se mueve lentamente hacia el continente, sufriendo una interrupción en el momento de traspasar Ia Cordillera de los Andes y regenerándose luego a sotavento sobre latitudes menores. Se utilizó el Análisis Discriminante Multivariado con el fin de obtener métodos objetivos de predicción. El método desarrollado tiene una antelación máxima de 48 hs y un alto grado de confiabilidad. Los predictores más importantes están relacionados con la intensidad, ubicación y longitud de la perturbación en la troposfera media, la baroclinicidad, la ubicación de los sistemas en superficie respecto de la Cordillera de los Andes y el índice de circulación zonal.doi: sin doi
Magnetic fabrics and rock magnetism of the Xaltianguis intrusive, southern Mexico: Implications for the emplacement mode
Authors: Urrutia Fucugauchi Jaime , Molina-Garza R.
Published: April 2023

Se reportan los resultados de un estudio de propiedades magnéticas y de fabrica magnética del intrusivo Xaltianguis, los cuales permiten documentar Ia mineralogía magnética dominante y discutir la forma de emplazamiento. Las mediciones de propiedades magnéticas incluyen los espectros de coercitividad y de temperaturas de bloqueo, curvas de adquisición de magnetización isotermal, la temperatura de Curie, Ia variación de Ia susceptibilidad magnética con bajas temperaturas, determinación de curvas de histéresis a temperatura ambiente y de nitrógeno líquido, las cuales indican la ocurrencia de magnetita y titanomagnetitas ricas en hierro con un comportamiento de dominio múltiple. De acuerdo con las propiedades magnéticas se pueden distinguir dos sectores, caracterizados por altos y bajos valores de intensidad de magnetización y de susceptibilidad, respectivamente. Estas variaciones son también observadas en otras propiedades y podrían estar relacionadas a una zonación petrográfica o un patrón de alteración posterior a! emplazamiento. Los resultados provienen de un transecto que cruza el intrusivo y no es posible documentar patrones espaciales tales como zoneamiento concéntrico. La fábrica magnética es dominantemente oblata con planos de foliación horizontales o sub-horizontales, los cuales presentan un patrón consistente en el transecto medido, lo que puede ser interpretado en términos de un emplazamiento de esta parte del plutón como una intrusión sub-horizontal asociada a una fractura con orientación aproximada WNW-ESE.doi: sin doi
Magnitudes for local earthquakes calculated with the El Salvador seismic network
Authors: Martínez Elsa Guadalupe , Villagán Mario , Havskov Jens
Published: April 2023

La red sismográfica de El Salvador está compuesta principalmente por 19 estaciones telemétricas de periodo corto instaladas entre 1983 y 1992. La red tiene una central digitalizadora instalada en 1992 de tal manera que a partir de este año, todos los datos son digitalmente procesados. Los nuevos datos digitales de El Salvador y de otros países de América Central han sido utilizados para probar y calibrar diferentes escalas de magnitud basadas en coda y amplitud. Debido a Ia pequeña dimensión de Ia red de El Salvador, ninguna función de atenuación significantemente diferente de Ia relación original de Richter (1935) pudo ser determinada. La escala de magnitud de ondas de coda calibrada con Ml es Ia siguiente:                        Me = 2.5*log(coda) + 0.0016*dist- 1.7donde coda es Ia longitud de la coda en segundos y dist es Ia distancia hipocentral en km. Para esta escala, algunos datos de otros países de América Central han sido utilizados con el objeto de conseguir un mejor rango de distancia y magnitud de lo que se puede obtener utilizando únicamente los datos de El Salvador. Magnitudes de momento sísmico Mw fueron calculadas basándose en el espectro de Ia onda P, y comparadas con Ml y con Mb de PDE. El promedio de Ml, Mw y de Mb fue de 4.9, 5.2 y 5.0 con datos en el rango de magnitudes 3.4-6.4, 4.1--6.2 y 3.6-6.0 respectivamente. La diferencia sistemática entre Ml y Mw calculada con el mismo conjunto de datos posiblemente indica que las funciones de atenuación utilizadas son inadecuadas, que hay problemas instrumentales o que hay alguna diferencia sistemática en Ia manera en que Ml y Mw son determinadas. A pesar de las incertidumbres, Ia buena consistencia de las magnitudes obtenidas con relación a las obtenidas externamente significa que podemos determinar magnitudes en el rango de 4 a 6 utilizando la red digital de El Salvador, ya sea a base de duración de Ia coda y/o amplitudes de ondas P o S.doi: sin doi
Constraints on Brunhes low-latitude paleosecular variation Iztaccihuatl stratovolcano, basin of Mexico
Authors: Urrutia-Fucugauchi Jaime
Published: April 2023

Los datos paleomagnéticos para lavas del volcán Iztaccíhuatl permiten analizar la variación paleosecular del campo geomagnético en la región central de Mexico. La parte superior del volcán fue formada durante el Cron de Brunhes, lo que es apoyado por la polaridad normal y la posición polar media (Steele, 1985). El periodo de actividad es del orden 580 000 a 76 000 años, sugerido en los datos de K-Ar (Nixon et al., 1986). Las discrepancias en las estimaciones reportadas por Steele (1985) y Bohnel et al. (1990) dependen de las diferentes metodologías y características estadísticas asumidas para la población de polos geomagnéticos virtuales (VGP). El polo medio es 88.1 °N, 34.0°E (B=21, K=88, A95=3.4°). La distribución de VGPs es alargada y no Fisheriana, lo que sugiere efectos adicionales a los de variación secular. Estos pueden incluir efectos tectónicos locales o excursiones geomagnéticas. La dispersión de VGPs que caracteriza mejor la variación paleo secular es 7.4 °, relativamente baja (7° menor) en comparación con los datos estimados de modelos globales con dependencia de latitud. Este valor es similar a los estimados para la región del Pacifico central, en las islas de Hawaii, Pagan y Marianas. El centro de Mexico parece formar parte de esta región de bajo campo no dipolar del Pacifico.doi: sin doi
Crustal structure of the Arteaga Complex, Michoacan, southern Mexico, from gravity and magnetics
Authors: García-Pérez Frank , Urrutia-Fucugauchi Jaime
Published: April 2023

La región de Arteaga, Michoacán, sur de Mexico, es una de las pocas áreas con afloramientos del basamento en el terreno Guerrero. El subterreno Zihuatanejo esta caracterizado por secuencias volcanosedimentarias de arco de islas de edad Jurásico Tardío-Cretácico Temprano que yacen discordantemente sobre las rocas metamorfizadas del Complejo Arteaga de posible edad Triásico-Jurásico. Las mediciones de gravedad de Bouguer y campo total magnético fueron realizadas a lo largo de dos perfiles SW-NE cruzando los complejos ígneo y metamórfico. El análisis espectral es usado para estimar las profundidades de Moho y de las principales interfaces corticales. El espesor de la corteza se incrementa hacia el N y NE a medida que nos alejamos del margen continental, siendo del orden de 28-32 km. El complejo metamórfico tiene un espesor promedio de 15 km. En el sector norte cerca de Tumbiscatio de Ruiz, las unidades metamórficas más superficiales presentan un contraste bajo de densidad posiblemente debido a una alteración regional. El batolito granítico y granodiorítico tienen un espesor superior a los 8 km en el sector SE. Los modelos gravimétricos son consistentes con un basamento del subterreno Zihuatanejo, constituido por el Complejo Arteaga.doi: sin doi
El Niño in the City: Vulnerability assessment in Tijuana during the winter of 1997-98
Authors: Winckell Alain , Le Page Michel
Published: April 2023

Un estudio piloto de la hidrología superficial de las cuencas que incluyen a la ciudad de Tijuana y la caracterización por medio de un Sistema de Información Geográfica de los riesgos resultantes de las precipitaciones extremas asociadas al event de El Niño de 1997-98, permiten una evaluación y categorización de las acciones requeridas para mitigar los peligros de futuros eventos meteorológicos extremos.doi: sin doi
Relationship between ENSO and winter-wheat yields in Sonora, Mexico
Authors: Salinas-Zavala César A. , Lluch-Cota Daniel B.
Published: April 2023

El trigo invernal es uno de los principales cultivos en los valles irrigados por ríos en el estado de Sonora, en el noroeste de México. Se explora la hipótesis de que, aunque principalmente determinado por las mejoras tecnológicas, los rendimientos del trigo reflejan todavía las variaciones de los factores climáticos de año a año, particularmente durante las fases extremas de El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENOS). Se analizan las series de tiempo de los rendimientos de trigo anuales para cinco distritos de riego; para eliminar las tendencias de largo plazo debida al desarrollo tecnológico, se obtuvieron los rendimientos residuales mediante el ajuste de un modelo logístico. Las series residuales se exploraron primero por medio del Análisis de Correlación; todas las series fueron correlacionadas significativamente al menos con otra serie. Esta variabilidad común se extrajo por medio del Análisis de los Componentes Principales; el primero fue suficiente para este propósito y respondió a una fracción relativamente grande de la variación total (63%). La serie de tiempo de amplitud de este componente se comparó con índices del ENSO; El Niño (La Niña), parecen producir un aumento (una disminución) en rendimientos del trigo; esto es consistente con los informes anteriores de un aumento (disminución) de la precipitación en la región del noroeste de México noroeste durante estos eventos.doi: sin doi
El Niño-Southern Oscillation and precipitation history in Baja California: reconstruction using tree ring records
Authors: Martijena Nora E.
Published: April 2023

Cinco series de anillos de crecimiento de árboles del norte de Baja California fueron evaluadas como fuente de información substituta en la reconstrucción de la precipitación y del fenómeno El Niño-la Oscilación del Sur. Las reconstrucciones fueron comparadas con los registros instrumentales e histórico para su verificación. Cinco cronologías basadas en el ancho de los anillos fueron desarrolladas usando técnicas dendrocronológicas y estadísticas estándares: una de Pinus coulteri, dos de Pinus quadrifolia y dos de Pinus jeffreyi. Una de éstas últimas actualizó una cronología ya existente, logrando doblar su período de calibración con los datos climáticos registrados por instrumentos. La duración de las cronologías fue de 101 a 551 años. Todas la cronologías presentaron correlaciones significativas con los registros de precipitación de Baja California (Ensenada), de California (San Diego) y con un índice ENSO basado en registros por instrumentos. La precipitación explicó entre un 6 a un 57% de la variación en el crecimiento de los árboles. Si bien ambos registros de precipitación estuvieron relacionados con el SOI (R2 ajustado : 48 y 16% respectivamente), las cronologías capturaron una señal más variable y débil (R2 ajustado : 3 a 24%). La concordancia entre el registro documental histórico y el SOI, reconstruído por la serie de anillos de árboles que presentó la mayor habilidad predictiva, fue 82%. Claramente, es necesario guiar la investigación hacia dos áreas. Primero, es necesario extender la cronología corta, que muestra las señales más fuertes de precipitación y ENSO. Segundo, las diferencias entre los sitios y las especies en relación con la señal climática, fuertemente justifica el estudio futuro de otros sitios y especies de Baja California para desarrollar una red de cronologías sensibles de anillos de árboles.doi: sin doi
Inferring the writhe of magnetic flux tubes from the evolution of active solar regions
Authors: López Fuentes M.C. , Mandrini C.H. , Démoulin P. , Van Driel-Gesztelyi L.
Published: April 2023

We study the long-term evolution of bipolar active regions in which the main polarities are observed to rotate one about the other along several solar rotations. We propose that this peculiar evolution is due to the emergence of distorted magnetic flux tubes. We are able to infer the sign of the writhe helicity of the flux tubes from the rotation of the axis joining the main positive and negative polarities. The origin of the deformations may be explained by the development of a kink instability. Another possibility is the interaction with plasma motions during the ascent of the flux tubes in the Convective Zone. We discuss the role of the Coriolis force, convective turbulence and other large-scale motions in this process.doi: sin doi
A commercial radio receiver for lower ionosphere monitoring: Initial results
Authors: Rodrigues F. S. , Brum C. G. M. , Makita K. , Nishino M. , De Paula E. R. , Abdu M. A. , Nozaki K. , Contreira D. B. , Da Silva M. R. , Schuch N. J.
Published: April 2023

A commercial computer controlled radio receiver has been used to measure signal strength of High Frequency (HF) signals in order to study the effects of geophysical events on radio communications and to test the system for ionospheric monitoring. The system was installed at the Southern Space Observatory (OES/CRSPE/INPE) in Sāo Martinho da Serra, Brazil (29.43°S, 53.8°W, B = 23350 nT). Initial results show that this system is able to detect ionospheric radio absorption events. The commercial radio receiver has a computer serial interface, to control the reception frequency in order to acquire the values of the received signal strength. We describe the system and some initial results on radio absorption events associated to C and M classes of x-ray solar flares. The results suggest the possibility of using this low-cost system to study the daily variation of the lower ionosphere ionization and to stuy events of ionospheric absorption. Long period measurements give statistical information about the magnitude and time scale of fading, that can be used for planning radio links.doi: sin doi
The silent earthquake of 2002 in the Guerrero seismic gap, Mexico (Mw=7.6): Inversion of slip on the plate interface and some implications
Authors: Iglesias A. , Singh S. K. , Lowry A. R. , Kostoglodov V. , Larson K. M. , Franco-Sanchez S. I.
Published: April 2023

Con el firi de determinar Ia distribucion de deslizarnientos debida a un sismo Iento que ocurrio en Ia interfase de las placas en la zona de la brecha sismica de Guerrero, llevarnos a cabo una inversion de los datos de posicion obtenidos a traves de estaciones GPS. Este sismo Iento, con duracion aproximada de 4 meses, fue registrado por 7 estaciones permanentes de GPS localizadas en un area de -550x250 km2• El mejor modelo obtenido, considerando algunas restricciones fisicarnente razonables, muestra que el deslizarniento ocurrio en la zona de transicion a una distancia de entre 100 y 170 km de la trinchera. El deslizarniento promedio obtenido fue de alrededor de 22.5 em (Mo-2.97 xl027 dyna-cm, Mw=7.6). Nuestro modelo implica un aumento en los esfuerzos de corte en la zona acoplada que se encuentra adyacente ala de transicion. Esta zona acoplada es Ia parte sismogenica de Ia interfase, por lo que este modelo implica un incremento en el peligro sismico en Ia region. Los resultados obtenidos para escenarios similares en otras zonas de subduccion favorecen tarnbien la eleccion de este modelo. Sin embargo, con los datos disponibles, no es posible descartar un modelo que requiere que el deslizarniento Iento invada tarnbien Ia zona sismogenica. Un mayor numero de estaciones de GPS, asi como un monitoreo mas prolongado de la deforrnacion, proporcionaria Ia informacion necesaria para discriminar entre ambos modelos.doi: sin doi