bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-vacuo structured fabrics for vibration control
Authors: Gardonio P.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This paper presents a study on a new tuneable material for vibration control purposes. The material is formed by a structured fabric wrapped in a deflated bag. The fabric is made of an interwoven mesh of rigid truss-like particles. The vacuum inside the casing produces a jamming effect. Hence, the elasticity and damping of the packaged fabric can be tuned by changing the level of vacuum in the bag. This material can be conveniently employed to develop new vibration control treatments and devices. In this respect, the paper first presents the tests carried out with a six-point bending machine to characterise the static and dynamic stiffness of the material as well as its damping properties. Then it demonstrates an application, where the material is used as a tuneable vibration absorber.
Comparative study of shock response synthesis techniques for aerospace applications
Authors: Ranieri A.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Shock Response Spectrum (SRS) is a widely used tool for analyzing and characterizing the response of mechanical systems to shock and transient events. In the aerospace industry, the SRS is used to compute the severity of the shock event on the electrical and optical equipment of a spacecraft. However, the SRS only provides magnitude information and does not retain temporal or phase information. Moving to the time domain is not a straightforward process because a time history has a unique SRS, but the converse is not true. Therefore, it is challenging to find the right time history that reproduces an SRS when simulating a given input profile using pyrotechnic devices or when computing the response to a shock input profile in the time-domain. For a given SRS an infinite combination of time pulses is possible. Synthesizing an SRS involves recovering a time-domain pulse that can accurately replicate the given SRS. There are many methods which are already widely utilized in the aerospace industry, including the use of damped sinusoids, enveloped sinusoids and wavelets. In this paper we compare different techniques, with the objective of identifying the most suitable method based on the considered frequency range and type of impulse. The case study under consideration is an SRS input profile corresponding to a real industrial case. Three artificial SRS accelerations have been generated to replicate the input, and the percentage errors of each method in comparison to the reference signal have been assessed. Further development will involve the use of optimization algorithms to generate the SRS profile with the smallest possible error.
A parametric model for thermal management system for more electric and hybrid aircraft
Authors: Caggese S.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. In the last decade, the hybrid and electric propulsive systems have been gaining increasing interest to cut down greenhouse gas emissions and thus reduce the environment impact of the aerospace sector. The paper reports the development of a parametric model to design and simulate the Thermal Management System (TMS) of an hybrid electric regional aircraft. Considering the need for a compact design and avoiding the generation of additional drag, a liquid-to-liquid offset strip fin surface heat exchanger is selected. Analysis and modelling of the system are performed for both traditional and innovative coolant, namely, as nanofluids. Five different thermal load conditions are analyzed, which correspond to five different levels of hybridization defined in terms of reduction of CO2 emission. The most demanding one entails a reduction up to 50% of CO2 and a thermal load of 67.2 kW to be dissipated. The paper also aims to investigate the most challenging conditions for TMS design and whether the suitability of nanofluids as superior heat carriers. In fact, using nanofluids it is possible to reduce the size of heat exchanger, thanks to the higher thermal conductivity compared to conventional coolant.
Preliminary design of an electromechanical actuator for eVTOL aircrafts in an urban air mobility context
Authors: Guida R.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Urban areas face issues like traffic congestion, noise, and pollution. In this context Urban Air Mobility (UAM) offers a solution by utilizing the urban airspace for transportation, in particular, the exploiting of Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) vehicles is promising in terms of noise and environmental pollution, despite challenges like safety issues and financial constraints. To overcome these issues, Prognostic and Health Management (PHM) plays a vital role in ensuring safety and reliability. The proposed case study focuses on a compact Electro-Mechanical Actuator (cEMA) for flap control surface. A preliminary design is proposed with the aim of reducing dimensions and weight while maintaining performance and reliability. This work represents one of the first steps in the creation of a digital twin for the design, sizing, and application of PHM logics.
Landing gear shock absorbers guidelines
Authors: Guida M.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This paper is based on an old paper presented by Eng. Ermanno Bazzocchi almost seventy years ago [1] and is here presented again in his memory, to take the opportunity for showing to young generation of engineers how applied research was performed and presented when the computer age was not still born. The topic is on landing gear shock absorber design guidelines, and it has been selected because of the importance of such device for airplanes, which represents a very important system for the efficiency of the entire aircraft. The original paper [1] has represented a milestone for the design and dimensioning of landing gear shock absorbers highlighting parameters which often have not been discussed so clearly in papers which came later in the scientific literature and therefore the idea of collecting those information and revisiting them in a modern framework has been particularly exciting. It is in the idea of the authors that revisiting fundamental classic papers and projecting them in a modern scenario could be beneficial for the real understanding of the physical aspects of aircraft systems, covering calculations which could not being performed because of low computing power. Classic papers were forced to strongly rely on physical understanding from which creating simple models to correlate experimental data and theoretical calculations. Such physical background should not be lost, but hopefully improved by the actual computer power and this paper is an attempt proposed to the scientific community for discussing on the validity of such an approach.
Leonardo I4N research program – design of novel acoustic liners for aero engine nacelles
Authors: Dilillo G.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The minimisation of aircraft noise remains a major challenge for the aerospace industry. Noise certification limits continue to be driven lower over time to counter the impact of the steadily increasing number of noise events in the vicinity of airports, along with an increased sensitivity of the public to aircraft noise. This, in turn, ensures that considerable engineering time and effort is used to target all of the major contributors to aircraft noise. Aircraft noise sources include engine fan inlet, fan bypass, jet, and airframe noise, among others. Fan inlet, bypass, and core, ducts are typically lined with absorbing acoustic panels in order to minimise radiated fan noise. This paper is focussed on the latter, describing work to address the design and optimisation of novel acoustic liners.
Navigation services from large constellations in low earth orbit
Authors: Palmerini G.B.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Very large satellite constellations in Low Earth Orbits (LEO) devoted to data broadcast could also help in providing navigation services. Lacking a specific payload onboard, the downlink can be exploited as a signal of opportunity, as an example looking at the carrier’s Doppler shift. The number of sources and the short distance to users, enabling indoor positioning, are significant advantages of this option. However, recent studies confirmed that commercially-oriented designs partly miss the advantage on the number of sources by directing just one or two beams at a given time to any area on the Earth: it is enough for communication services, it is not for navigation when several signals need to be received by the user at the same time. Looking at a possible service combining downlinks from more than one system to achieve the requested minimum of four signals, this work focusses on the dilution of precision proper to the novel concept. Therefore, the paper updates previous studies - concerning the effects of the orbital configuration of a single LEO system - extending the results to the new scenario.
Cruising by air and sea: brief history, status and outlook for a submersible aircraft
Authors: De Rosa S.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Even in a post-modern era, some possible new configurations for aircrafts and spacecrafts remain to be explored. Normally, the main attention was given detaching from ground and by looking at the sky, but the sea should not be forgotten and thus the possibility to go from/to the sky to/from the sea should have to be considered. This paper is just centered around the historical first developments for the submersible aircraft and the possible future developments. Market segments for manned aircraft seems to be largely unexplored.
Morphing technology for gust alleviation: an UAS application
Authors: Montano F.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric turbulence can significantly affect aircraft missions in terms of aerodynamic loads and vibration. These effects are particularly meaningful for MALE-HALE UAS because of their high aspect ratios and because of their low speed, sometimes comparable with that of the gust itself. Many studies have been conducted to reach the goal of efficient gust alleviation. A viable solution appears the application of morphing technology. However, the design of morphing aircraft is a strongly multidisciplinary effort involving different expertise from structures to aerodynamics and flight control. In this study, a multidisciplinary wing-and-tail morphing strategy is proposed for attaining gust attenuation in UAVs. The strategy is based on the combined use of: i) an automatic detection system that identifies gust direction and entity and ii) an aeroelastic model stemming from the coupling between a high-order structural model that is able to resolve the motion and the strain and stress distributions of wings with complex internal structures and a Vortex Lattice Method (VLM) model that accounts for the aerodynamics of the wing-tail system. The gust alleviation strategy employs the information from the detection system and the aeroelastic model to determine the modifications of the wing and the tail surfaces aimed at contrasting wind effects, reducing induced loads and flight path errors. Numerical results are presented to assess the capability of the framework.
Aeroacustics computation based on harmonic balance solution
Authors: Abergo L.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This paper presents a new open-source framework to compute the noise emitted by aerodynamic bodies whose motion is dominated by a specific frequency. This flow behavior is typical of propellers, pitching blades and wind turbines. The reduced order model called harmonic balance is used to compute the unsteady flow solution reducing the computational cost. K frequencies are solved by obtaining the conservative variables at N-time instances inside one period, where N = 2k+1. The time history of the surface flow solution is reconstructed with a Fourier integration. The Kirchhoff Ffowcs Williams Hawkings integral formulation, implemented in SU2, is used to compute the sound pressure level perceived by farfield observers. The integral formulation propagates the acoustic solution with a computational cost independent of observer distance. The noise emittance of a pitching wing is computed with the proposed framework and compared with a fully time accurate solution showing a very good agreement.
Pattern recognition of the flow around a pitching NACA 0012 airfoil in dynamic stall conditions
Authors: Baldan G.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The present work numerically investigates the flow evolution of a pitching NACA 0012 airfoil incurring in deep dynamic stall phenomena. The experimental data at Reynolds number Re = 1.35 · 105 and reduced frequency k = 0.1, provided by Lee et al., are compared to numerical simulation using different methods. Firstly, 2D URANS with different turbulence models are explored highlighting the advantages and the drawbacks of each strategy. On the one hand, simulations are able to describe most characteristic flow features of dynamic stall. On the other hand, numerical models still struggle in describing the inherent complexity of instability and transition from laminar to turbulence, resulting in a misprediction of the angle of attack at which the dynamic stall vortex (DSV) is generated and convected rearward. Finally, a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is proposed to analyze the main flow features and to recognize flow patterns. The decomposition of both velocity magnitude and pressure fields shows a high frequency content requiring a large portion of the modes to recover most of the flow energy.
High-fidelity simulation of the interaction between the wake of a descent capsule and a supersonic parachute
Authors: Placco L.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The objective of the project is to analyze the unsteady dynamics of the parachute-capsule system in a supersonic airflow while descending during planetary entry. Currently, a combination of Large-Eddy Simulation and an Immersed-Boundary Method is being utilized to examine the evolving flow of a rigid supersonic parachute trailing behind a reentry capsule as it descends through the atmosphere of Mars. The flow is simulated at 𝑀𝑎 = 2 and 𝑅𝑒 = 106. A massive GPU parallelization is employed to allow a very high fidelity solution of the multiscale turbulent structures present in the flow that characterize its dynamics. We show how strong unsteady dynamics are induced by the interaction of the wake turbulent structures and the bow shock which forms in front of the supersonic decelerator. This unsteady phenomenon called ‘breathing instability’ is strictly related to the ingestion of turbulence by the parachute’s canopy and is responsible of drag variations and structure oscillations observed during previous missions and experimental campaigns. A tentative one-dimensional model of the flow time-evolving dynamics inside the canopy is proposed.
Assessment of aerodynamics of low Martian atmosphere within the CIRA program TEDS
Authors: D’Aniello F.A.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The space exploration and colonization Roadmap, and the growing interest of the international scientific community toward the Mars colonization, are highlighting the need to develop, or improve to higher TRLs, those technologies enabling human exploration and colonization. In this framework, the CIRA - PRORA research program TEDS has identified some of the most promising technologies and research areas for human/robotic exploration, and human survivability in hostile environments in future space missions. In this contest, Aerodynamics in the Martian low atmosphere, characterized by low Reynolds number and high Mach number, is one of the research areas to investigate. The compressible aerodynamics of low Reynolds number flow (Reynolds number of orders of magnitude 104-105 and Mach number of 0.2-0.7) characterizes the low altitude Martian atmosphere. The need in the exploration of the Martian surface has increased the interest in this “particular" aerodynamic regime, currently, scarcely investigated, and an assessment of the numerical methods is necessary. Three suitable airfoils for compressible low-Reynolds aerodynamics in Martian atmosphere have been selected through a bibliographic study: Triangular, NACA 0012-34 and Ishii airfoils. The experiments in the low-density CO2 facility of the Mars Wind Tunnel, at Tohoku University, over a Triangular, NACA0012-34 and Ishii airfoils with global forces and local PSP measurements, have been considered. The CIRA in-house developed flow solver UZEN (Unsteady Zonal Euler Navier-Stokes) code has been applied by employing several turbulence models. The flow over the Triangular airfoil has been simulated inside the wind tunnel and the free air flow over the NACA 0012-34 and Ishii airfoils have been simulated, and in this paper many results are reported.
DUST mitigation technology for lunar exploration and colonization: existing and future perspectives
Authors: Saccone G.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Micrometric dust particles of lunar regolith represent one of the most serious issues of the harsh moon environment. Indeed, the extremely high vacuum conditions expose the lunar soil minerals to intense ultraviolet and galactic cosmic rays’ bombardment during the Moon’s daylight producing photoionization of the constituent’s atoms and electron release. Moreover, Moon periodically interacts with the surrounding solar wind which generates a continuous flux of charged particles is generated accompanied by electric fields around the terminator region able to lift off the lunar regolith dust up to ~100 km above the geometrical surface. In this way, micrometric granular matter forms a subtle veil of contaminants. This electrically charged and extremely adhering dust environment can cause various critical drawbacks not only to several robotic parts e.g., mechanical components, electronic devices, solar panels, thermal radiators, rovers seals and bearings, etc. but also can dramatically damage the respiratory systems of humans if accidentally inhaled. For these reasons, lunar dust was recognised, by several agencies including NASA and ESA, as one of the main potential showstoppers for the ongoing robotic and manned exploration and colonization of our natural satellite. For overcoming or at least mitigating these issues, several technologies were developed and assessed ranging from the active ones requiring a source of energy e.g., mechanical, fluidal and, above all, electric devices, to the passive technologies involving suitable material design and development. In the work here reported, the design and development of innovative high-performance polymers simultaneously exhibiting outstanding thermo-mechanical properties and superior non-sticking capacity i.e., abhesion to be applied for structural purposes on the Moon is presented. Further improvement of these suitable designed materials with the addition of appropriate electric properties will make them ideal candidates as dielectric substrates of a combined passive and electroactive system able to repel micrometric regolith particles i.e., lunar dust shield.
Analysis of the manufacturing signature on AFP-manufactures variable stiffness composite panels
Authors: Pagani A.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Variable stiffness composites broaden the design space, in comparison with straight-fiber composites, to meet fixed mechanical performance. Nevertheless, the manufacturing of these advanced composites incurs into the presence of undesired fabrication defects such as gaps and overlaps, which alter the mechanical behavior of the laminated parts. In this work, the authors couple the Defect Layer Method, utilized to model defects, with the Carrera Unified Formulation in order to study how the manufacturing signature affects the fundamental frequency of variable stiffness laminates.
An analytical tool for studying the impact of process parameters on the mechanical response of composites
Authors: Zappino E.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The present work presents a numerical framework able to predict the impact of the manufacturing process on the mechanical performance of the composite component. A simple one-dimensional thermochemical model has been used to predict the evolution of the degree of cure of the resin for a given thermal cycle. The homogenized properties at the lamina level have been obtained through a classical mixtures law and employed to predict the process-induced deformations. A refined one-dimensional model, derived in the framework of the Carrera Unified Formulation, has been used to provide accurate results with reduced computational costs. The virtual manufacturing framework has been used to investigate the impact of the process parameters on process-induced defects of a simple composite part. Different curing cycles have been considered and their outcomes discussed. The results demonstrate the capability of the present numerical tool to correlate the manufacturing process parameters with the mechanical performances of the final component.
Hygrothermal effects in aeronautical composite materials subjected to freeze-thaw cycling
Authors: Bianchi C.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Fiber-reinforced composites (FRC) are becoming increasingly popular in aerospace, automotive and energy sectors. Despite the advantages owed to their strength and lightweight, understanding their behavior in different environments poses challenges. Particularly, humidity, temperature, and freeze-thaw cycles can significantly affect the durability of FRC components. This study investigates the impact of humidity, temperature, and freeze-thaw cycles on FRC inter-laminar areas and the matrix/fiber interface. Experimental methods, including heat analysis, X-Ray tomography and mechanical testing will assess the material's response to changing environmental conditions. This research enhances our understanding of FRC behavior, crucial for designing and maintaining FRC components.
Folding simulation of TRAC longerons via unified one-dimensional finite elements
Authors: Augello R.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This paper proposes a simulation of the folding phase of TRAC deployable booms using refined one-dimensional finite elements in the framework of the Carrera Unified Formulation. The mathematical model involves standard beam finite elements placed along the length of the longeron, and Lagrange polynomials as expansion functions for the cross-sectional domain. The nonlinear governing equations are written recalling the principle of virtual work, and they are linearized using the Newton-Raphson scheme. The contact between the two flanges is simulated with linear spring which activate when pre-defined node pairs approach under a fixed tolerance. Two simulations are carried out, including or not the contact behavior, respectively. The results highlight the capability of the proposed model to deal with large displacements and contact between the ultra-thin flanges of the structure.
On the use of double-double design philosophy in the redesign of composite fuselage barrel components
Authors: Garofano A.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Mass minimization and mechanical performance maximization constitute the basic aspects of the structural optimization processes. In particular, the laminate redesign in terms of thickness and lay-up grants the main approach for the optimization of composite components. The innovative Double-Double laminate concept provides an effective approach to design composite components for weight and strength requirements, overcoming the use of the conventional 0°, 90° and ±45° ply orientations. In Double-Double designed components, 4-plies building blocks are stacked one upon the other to constitute a laminate. Each building block is made up of four [±Φ, ±Ψ] oriented plies. In the present work, the Double-Double approach has been adopted in the redesign of the composite lay-up and thickness profile of frames in a composite fuselage barrel. The DD optimized frames achieved a total mass reduction by up to 35% while ensuring mechanical performances comparable to the starting configuration.
Virtual element method for damage modelling of two-dimensional metallic lattice materials
Authors: Lo Cascio M.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Additively-manufactured metallic lattice materials are a class of architectured solids that is becoming increasingly popular due to their unique cellular structure, which can be engineered to meet specific design requirements. Understanding and modelling the damage in these innovative materials is a significant challenge that must be addressed for their effective use in aerospace applications. The Virtual Element Method (VEM) is a numerical technique recently introduced as a generalisation of the FEM capable of handling meshes comprising an assemblage of generic polytopes. This advantage in creating domain discretisation has already been used to model the behaviour of materials with complex microstructures. This work employs a numerical framework based on a nonlinear VEM formulation combined with a continuum damage model to study the fracture behaviour of two-dimensional metallic lattice material under static loading. VEM's effectiveness in modelling lattice failure behaviour is assessed through several numerical tests. The influence of micro-architecture on the material's failure behaviour and macroscopic mechanical performance is discussed.
A meso-scale model of progressive damage and failure in LSI-produced ceramic matrix composites for aerospace applications
Authors: Airoldi A.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The paper is focused on the development of a modelling approach for Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC) laminates, produced through a cost-affordable Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI) technique. The objective is the development of a tool capable of evaluating the design values for the material in the presence of technological defects and complex geometrical features, which could be used at the level of structural elements of details of reusable space vehicles. The model exploits a bi-phasic decomposition to capture four important aspect of the material: the non-linear behaviour occurring when load is not applied in the fibre direction, the significant bending to tensile strength ratio, the role of matrix fractures in the failure process and the role of delamination phenomena in the response. The correlation with tensile and bending tests performed with different lay-ups indicates that the developed approach can fulfil such objectives and may be used in the definition of structural details and of damage tolerance of innovative space vehicles.
A peridynamics elastoplastic model with isotropic and kinematic hardening for static problems
Authors: Zaccariotto M.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This study proposes a formulation equivalent to J2 plasticity with the associated flow rule to simulate the elastoplastic behavior of materials with isotropic or kinematic hardening in a peridynamic framework. The capabilities of the developed formulation are analysed through 2D and 3D case studies whose results (displacement and stress field) are compared with those obtained from the corresponding FEM models.
Dynamic buckling structural test of a CFRP passenger floor stanchion
Authors: di Mauro G.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The work focuses on the study of the structural behavior of a composite floor beam in the cargo area of a commercial aircraft subjected to static and dynamic loads. Experimental tests have been performed in the laboratories of the Dept. of Industrial Engineering (UniNa) jointly with the development of numerical models suitable to correctly simulate the phenomenon through the LS-DYNA software. The definition of a robust numerical model allowed to evaluate the possibility of buckling triggering. The test article was equipped with potting supports on both ends of the tested beam, filling the pots with epoxy resin toughened with glass fiber nanoparticles. This allowed to uniformly load the beam ends in compression and to carry out the tests loading the specimen statically and dynamically, to observe the differences in the behavior of the beam in correspondence with the two different types of applied load. The result obtained through the comparison between the numerical model and the experimental test is that the dynamic buckling is triggered by a quantitatively smaller load than in the static case. Furthermore, it has been observed that the experimental compressive displacement to trigger the dynamic buckling instability is greater than the displacement observed in the static case.
New insights on limit cycle oscillations due to control surface freeplay
Authors: Fonzi N.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. A new experimental wind tunnel test-bed has been developed for the study of limit cycle oscillations induced by control surface freeplay. Studies of the effects of a single nonlinearity, made possible by the new horizontal tail plane, are described here. Several effects are considered, starting from a reference configuration: the effect of changes in inertia and stiffness, a time-varying gap size, and an aerodynamic preload due to an angle of attack. Both time marching simulations and describing functions analytical methods have been used to understand the experimental measurements and study the capability of the methods to capture the physical behavior. Good agreement was found in all cases and physical insights are gained from the mathematical models. Limitations of the analytical tools are also addressed, focusing on the important difference between the self-excited dynamics of the nonlinear system and its forced response to external excitations.
Deployment of a CubeSat radiative surface through an autonomous torsional SMA actuator
Authors: Carnier F.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This study aims to provide a proof of concept concerning the integration of an "S" shaped SMA tube into the thermal circuit of a 12U CubeSat. The torsion-based actuator utilizes the heat from the circulating fluid accumulated inside the satellite to enable the deployment of a radiator panel through the manifestation of the shape memory effect in the material, facilitating heat dissipation via radiation.
Recent developments about hybrid propelled aircraft: a short review
Authors: Cardone L.M.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Over the last decades, the rapid growth of the consumption of fossil fuel has generated an increased need for energy sustainability. The negative impact on the environment and now, as a global society, the dependence on fossil fuel have been questioned. For contrasting these adverse effects, NASA calls on the aeronautic industry to reduce aircraft fuel burn by 70% by 2025 in their N+3 concepts. Following high-profile government and industry studies, electric aircraft propulsion has emerged as an important research topic, this includes all-electric, hybrid electric, and turbo-electric architectures. The paper overviews the recent state-of-art about the innovative propulsion systems exploring the operating logic, their technological requirements, the ongoing research, and development in all the components necessary to make this technological change a feasible option for the future of passenger flight. It will be also reported the existing commercial products, prototypes, demonstrators for having a precise picture of the situation.
Acceptability of digital therapy in depression : french psychiatrists and general practitoners' point of view (Preprint)
Authors: DUPREZ Lucas
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Digital therapy in depression could prove useful in filling gaps in the mental health care system in France and reducing care deficits. To help develop this innovative tool and promote its integration, new studies are necessary for its understanding and acceptability.

OBJECTIVE

Thishe work aims to determine whether general practitioners and psychiatrists, the two specialists most concerned with the management of depressive disorders, have an interest in digital therapy, and whether they would be ready to prescribe it. in addition to monitoring.

METHODS

A Google Forms online questionnaire was used, comprising 10 short questions. Among these 10 questions, 2 questions aimed to collect personal opinions from respondents through textual responses. The questionnaire was distributed throughout France. The quantitative data were analysed with Excel, R Studio and R software, and the qualitative data with Iramuteq.

RESULTS

1230 questionnaires were retained for analysis. For all statuses and all specialties combined, 70% of responding doctors had never heard of digital therapy, 82% were interested in this type of therapy, and 86% were ready to prescribe it for their patients suffering from depressive disorders. They expressed interest in this innovative tool, but also raised questions regarding training, accessibility, ethics, reimbursement, and expressed scepticism about their effectiveness and impact on the therapeutic relationship.

CONCLUSIONS

Digital therapy offers a new form of innovation in the treatment of depression, which involves a new organization of the healthcare system, and not necessarily through a new therapy. Medical-economic studies would help identify ways in which policy makers and providers can promote the acceptability of digital therapies within the healthcare system.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW DAN META-ANALISIS : ANALISIS DAMPAK INTERVENSI APOTEKER TERHADAP CLINICAL OUTCOME PASIEN EPILEPSI
Authors: Salsabila Najmah
Published: October 2023

Penderita epilepsi umumnya mengalami gangguan kontak sosial dan juga penurunan kesehatan. Peran Apoteker dalam pelaksanaan terapi pasien epilepsi sangat penting dalam memberikan pelayanan kefarmasian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji bagaimana dampak intervensi Apoteker terhadap clinical outcome pasien epilepsi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian systematic review dan meta-analisis dengan desain studi Randomized Controlled Trial. Artikel yang diperoleh melalui database elektronik seperti PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ), Springerlink, Sciencedirect, dan Wiley. Total terdapat 10 artikel dari berbagai negara yaitu dari negara Inggris, Singapore, China, Thailand, Colombia, Amerika, dan Nigeria. Data yang didapatkan bahwa intervensi Apoteker mampu berdampak positif dengan meningkatkan clinical outcome pasien epilepsi dibandingkan dengan tanpa adanya Apoteker (SMD= 0.56; 95% CI= 0.03 hingga 1.10; p=0.04). Kemudian terdapat heterogenitas (I2 ) yang tinggi antar eksperimen (I2= 96%; p<0.001), hal tersebut dikarenakan variasi populasi yang berbeda-beda. Selanjutnya, dari hasil penggabungan ke-10 artikel ini ditemukan adanya bias publikasi dilihat dari grafik funnel plot terlihat tidak simetris antara plot kanan dan kiri. Intervensi yang diberikan oleh Apoteker yaitu konsulasi dan konseling terbukti berdampak positif terhadap hasil clinical outcome pasien epilepsi berupa peningkatan kualitas hidup dari penurunan frekuensi kejang dan peningkatan pengetahuan pasien epilepsi. Kata kunci : Apoteker, clinical outcome, epilepsi
The Effectiveness of Sungkai Leaf (Peronema canescens Jack.) Extract Gel on the Collagen Density of Incision Wounds in Vivo
Authors: Putri Clarissa Ester Diana , Shinta Herlina Eka , Fatmaria Fatmaria , Trinovita Elsa
Published: October 2023

An incision is an open wound resulting in skin injury and underlying tissues. The wound-healing process involves a proliferative phase that produces collagen. Sungkai leaves (Peronema canescens Jack.) can be used as an alternative therapy for wound healing because it contains flavonoids, tannins, and saponins that stimulate fibroblasts to synthesize collagen. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of sungkai leaf extract gel in healing incision wounds in vivo based on collagen density scoring. Twenty-five Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into five groups, the negative control group (K1) was given a gelling agent CMC 1%, the positive control group (K2) was given bioplacenton gel 1%, the treatment group (K3, K4, K5) was given a gel sungkai leaf extract concentration of 5, 10, and 15. The treatment is given topically at the incision site of the incision site of 0.1 g once a day for 14 days. The rats were euthanized on the fifteenth day, and the incision area was excised for histopathological preparation. The data obtained were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis with SPSS 26. The test results showed p=0.010, meaning there is a significant difference (p<0.05) between the entire treatment. Based on these results, the K4 group (Sungkai leaf extract gel concentration of 10%) showed the highest collagen density scoring results compared to other treatments. This study concludes that sungkai leaves effectively heal incision wounds in Wistar rats based on collagen density scoring parameter.
Combined Antidiabetic and Antidyslipidemic Activity of Ageratum conyzoides and Gynura procumbens in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Mulyani Yani , Mastura Nazarul , Rosilopya Salsha , Suhardiman Aris , Fajarwati Kania , Sutrisno Entris
Published: October 2023

Unhealthy lifestyle habits greatly increase the risks of various degenerative illnesses, for example, diabetes mellitus as well as dyslipidemia. Recent studies have shown that the pharmaceutical drugs used for the treatment of these conditions have undesirable side effects. This indicates that it is necessary to find more effective and safe alternative treatment options, particularly in medicinal plants, such as Ageratum conyzoides and Gynura procumbens. Therefore, this research examined the combined antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activity of Ageratum conyzoides and Gynura procumbens extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The insulin sensitivity of the test animals was assessed at the beginning of the experiment using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) through the administration of 3 g/kgBW glucose. Pancreatic destruction was induced with the intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 150 mg/kgBW alloxan, and the rats were treated with ethanol extract for 14 days. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured using the enzymatic method. The results showed that the single extracts and their combination exhibited high antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activity. This was indicated by a substantial reduction in fasting blood sugar, TG, TC, and LDL-C (p<0.05), and an insignificant increase in HDL-C. The activity of the combined extract was similar to the single extracts, but it was not better in decreasing TG levels. Based on these findings, 95% ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides, Gynura procumbens, and their combination exhibited high antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activity in alloxan-induced rats.
Formulation and Antioxidant Activity Test of Rice Bran Extract Cream from Two Varieties of White Rice
Authors: Suhery Wira Noviana , Lestari Hayu , Fernando Armon , Aryani Fina , Novita Gressy
Published: October 2023

Rice bran extract contains high antioxidant compounds. Formulation and antioxidant activity testing of cream preparations containing rice bran extract has been carried out. This study aims to formulate and evaluate cream preparations containing bran extract from two varieties of white rice and their antioxidant activity. The white rice varieties used were the Kalpatali variety (FI) and the Rice 64 (FII) variety. There were three cream formulas, namely the basic formula (F0) and the formula containing rice bran extract with a concentration of 3.1% each (FI and FII). Evaluation of cream preparations included organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, washability, stability, irritation test, and antioxidant activity test. This study showed that FI has an antioxidant activity of 87.23% and FII has an antioxidant activity of 64.08%. Different varieties of rice show differences in antioxidant activity in cream preparations containing bran extract. The best formula is FI which has good physical properties and higher antioxidant activity compared to FII.
Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Kidney Outcomes
Authors: Drawz Paul E. , Lenoir Kristin M. , Rai Nayanjot Kaur , Rastogi Anjay , Chu Chi D. , Rahbari-Oskoui Frederic F. , Whelton Paul K. , Thomas George , McWilliams Andrew , Agarwal Anil K. , Suarez Maritza Marie , Dobre Mirela , Powell James , Rocco Michael V. , Lash James P. , Oparil Suzanne , Raj Dominic S. , Dwyer Jamie P. , Rahman Mahboob , Soman Sandeep , Townsend Raymond R. , Pemu Priscilla , Horwitz Edward , Ix Joachim H. , Tuot Delphine S. , Ishani Areef , Pajewski Nicholas M.
Published: October 2023

Background

Intensive BP lowering in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) produced acute decreases in kidney function and higher risk for AKI. We evaluated the effect of intensive BP lowering on long-term changes in kidney function using trial and outpatient electronic health record (EHR) creatinine values.

Methods

SPRINT data were linked with EHR data from 49 (of 102) study sites. The primary outcome was the total slope of decline in eGFR for the intervention phase and the post-trial slope of decline during the observation phase using trial and outpatient EHR values. Secondary outcomes included a ≥30% decline in eGFR to <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and a ≥50% decline in eGFR or kidney failure among participants with baseline eGFR ≥60 and <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively.

Results

EHR creatinine values were available for a median of 8.3 years for 3041 participants. The total slope of decline in eGFR during the intervention phase was −0.67 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.79 to −0.56) in the standard treatment group and −0.96 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year (95% CI, −1.08 to −0.85) in the intensive treatment group (P < 0.001). The slopes were not significantly different during the observation phase: −1.02 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year (95% CI, −1.24 to −0.81) in the standard group and −0.85 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year (95% CI, −1.07 to −0.64) in the intensive group. Among participants without CKD at baseline, intensive treatment was associated with higher risk of a ≥30% decline in eGFR during the intervention (hazard ratio, 3.27; 95% CI, 2.43 to 4.40), but not during the postintervention observation phase. In those with CKD at baseline, intensive treatment was associated with a higher hazard of eGFR decline only during the intervention phase (hazard ratio, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.03 to 3.70).

Conclusions

Intensive BP lowering was associated with a steeper total slope of decline in eGFR and higher risk for kidney events during the intervention phase of the trial, but not during the postintervention observation phase.
Levels of Heavy Metals in Selected Canned Fish on Cape Coast Market, Central Region, Ghana
Authors: Benjamin Bartels , Kenneth Apaah Brakye , Yao Gadzekpo Victor Patrick
Published: October 2023

Background and objectives: The sea is polluted with heavy metals that accumulate in fishes. Consumption of these fishes pose health risk. The aim of this study is to respectiely assess the concentrations and health risks of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), tin (Sn), manganese (Mn), and mercury (Hg) in canned fish samples. Methods: The study focused on Mackerel, Sardine and Tuna. Mackerel brands are African Queen, Geisha, Ena Pa, and Milano; Sardine includes Titus, Festiva, Ohemaa, and Princess, while Tuna were Lele and Star Kist. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry was used. Results: The mean concentrations of lead and mercury in the Mackerel, Sardine and Tuna were respectively 0.142± 0.017, 0.122±0.034, 0.141±0.006 µg/g and 0.126± 0.017, 0.132± 0.012, 0.263± 0.006 µg/g below the recommended limits of 0.3 and 0.5 µg/g by EU Reg. No 1881/2006. The concentrations of zinc, iron, tin, and manganese were within the acceptable respective limits. A health risk assessment based on the criteria established by the US EPA revealed no significant health risks associated with the concentrations of the metals. Conclusion: The canned fish samples exhibited low levels of heavy metal contamination, indicating that the fish samples pose no significant health risks to consumers.
Natural Concentrations of Iodine in Common Salts Produced from Popular Lagoons in Ghana and their Potential to Eliminate Iodine Deficiency Disorders
Authors: Benjamin Bartels , Addo Vanderpuye Andreas Nii , Yao Gadzekpo Victor Patrick
Published: October 2023

Background and objectives: Iodine deficiency is a global public health concern. This deficiency if not cured results in illness like goiter, cretinism and reduced intelligence quotient that disrupts normal physical and mental functions. The USI programme was introduced to improve household’s iodine intake, in Ghana the mandatory salt iodisation law that specifies that all salts meant for consumption must be iodised has been long passed to give credence to the USI. Yet, some Ghanaian families are still deliberately or ignorantly consuming salt containing less or no iodine at all with the perception that common salt naturally contains enough iodine. Hence, this study assesses the levels of iodine in salts from popular lagoons, which are major salt producing centres in Ghana. Methods: Two hundred (200) samples of salts were collected in six (6) months from popular major salt producing lagoons, namely, Ada-Songhor, Nyanyano, Keta, Amisa and Benya lagoons. In addition, five (5) brands of packaged refined salts also sampled for their iodine for comparative analyses. Questionnaire was administered to household’s women in charge of meal preparation to solicit information about preference for salt and knowledge about IDD. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 and Microsoft Excel were used in data analysis. Results: The lagoon salt samples did not record any measurable iodine (0 ppm). Ninety-three percent of respondents were ignorant about benefits of iodised salt, whilst 50.4% prefer non-iodised salt. Conclusion: The ignorance about the absence of iodine in crude salt could influence the extent of the ignorance about benefits of iodine and preference for non - iodised salt.
Internal investigations in the trial of corporations in Italy: the practical implication of their admissibility for trial purposes
Authors: Bartolucci Marco Alessandro
Published: October 2023

The paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of corporate criminal liability in Italy, with a specific focus on internal corporate investigations. After providing a brief overview of the Italian legal system concerning corporate criminal liability, the paper compares internal investigations conducted by companies with the Public Prosecutor's preliminary investigations, examining their respective strengths, weaknesses, and differences. Additionally, the research explores the admissibility of internal investigations during the preliminary investigation stage and in the negotiation process, specifying the inherent limitations and practical challenges in the absence of specific regulations on this matter.
Ouvir, respeitar, proteger: recomendações para entrevista com mulheres vítimas de violência sexual
Authors: Sagrillo Scarpati Arielle , Cecconello Willian , Bernardes Mônica , Bianchini Sabrina , Milnitsky Stein Lilian
Published: October 2023

A palavra da vítima tem grande relevância em casos de violência sexual, entretanto no Brasil há escassez de recomendações específicas para a realização de entrevistas nestes casos. Este artigo visa apresentar procedimentos a serem adotados em entrevistas com mulheres vítimas de violência sexual. As recomendações incluem a conscientização sobre mitos de estupro, estabelecimento de rapport, gravação do depoimento, e uso de relato livre e perguntas abertas. Essas práticas estão em consonância com as recomendações científicas e podem ser utilizadas para capacitar profissionais da segurança pública, a fim preservar a prova testemunhal e evitar revitimização.