bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NA PERSPECTIVA MULTICULTURAL: REFLETINDO A EDUCAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DENTRO DA TEORIA PÓS-COLONIAL
Authors: Maia Hélio José Santos , Carneiro Maria Helena da Silva
Published: December 2018

O artigo apresenta desafios ao ensino de ciências frente à universalização da educação e os enfoques multiculturais nas diferentes áreas das ciências naturais, bem como os encaminhamentos pedagógicos na formação dos professores. O trabalho é parte de um estudo de representação em conceitos científicos na escola primária de Timor-Leste, para tese de doutorado e tem como principal problema, refletir e analisar como modernamente se articulam pedagogicamente as áreas das ciências que são colocadas ao ensino básico em face à convergência aos caminhos multiculturais. Como metodologia utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica em artigos e livros, assim como investigação de caráter qualitativo em loco nas escolas primárias do Timor-Leste e na formação de professores timorenses. Para o entendimento de abordagens culturais no ensino de ciências se recorreu à teoria pós-colonial, a partir dos trabalhos de Edward Said, Frantz Fanon, Homi Bhabha, Arjun Appadurai que situam o universo pós-colonial em frente às concepções eurocêntricas e dos encaminhamentos da teoria no campo do ensino de ciências de Lyn Carter, Aikenhead entre outros. A confluência da pesquisa bibliográfica com a investigação de campo permitiu perceber a diversidade de visões sobre o ensino de ciência que abarca concepções externalistas e internalistas frente aos caminhos ideológicos multiculturais e suas variadas formas de compreender o mundo. A análise dos dados obtidos na pesquisa se deu por meio da confrontação dos achados bibliográficos com o que se verificou na investigação de campo e permitiu o estabelecimento de algumas conclusões. Considerando que os valores culturais refletem uma espécie de opinião étnica sobre a natureza, sem o rigor da ciência clássica, ao admiti-los no corpo dos conhecimentos científicos sem a devida separação destes, corre-se o risco de piorar o ensino de ciências naturais ao mistificar explicações regidas por leis naturais acerca dos mais variados fenômenos físicos e biológicos, fortalecendo as concepções alternativas dos estudantes em detrimento dos conhecimentos científicos que se deseja estabelecer.
EVIDÊNCIAS DA EFICÁCIA DA LASERTERAPIA DE BAIXA INTENSIDADE NA PREVENÇÃO E TRATAMENTO DA MUCOSITE ORAL
Authors: Soares Gualberto De Abreu , Silva Jurecir Da Silva , Nascimento Elaine Ferreira do , Santos Jéssica Pereira dos , Mendes Jossuely Rocha
Published: December 2018

Introdução: Dentre as formas de prevenção e controle da Mucosite Oral o uso dos Lasers de Baixa Intensidade destaca-se como eficiente. Objetivo: Avaliar as evidências científicas do uso da LBI na prevenção e tratamento da MO. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma pesquisa eletrônica na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde – (www.bireme.br), onde foram selecionadas as publicações dos anos de 2003 a 2013, que possuíam como palavras chaves os termos; Mucosite, Lasers, Prevenção e controle, na língua portuguesa; e Mucositis, lasers, Prevention and control na língua inglesa. Foram selecionados 21 artigos pelos itens de inserção: (1) pesquisas escritas no idioma inglês ou portuguesa; (2) pesquisas de estudos experimentais; (3) pesquisas originais. Os itens de restrição foram: 1) trabalhos científicos que estivessem divulgados em outras formatações, como revisões e materiais educativos; 2) pesquisas que não contivessem seu resumo nas bases de dados selecionadas; 3) pesquisas de acesso restrito; 4) pesquisas com deficiência na descrição metodológica. Resultados: Encontrou-se 42% (n=9) dos artigos relatando do uso da laserterapia no tratamento da mucosite, 28% (n=6) na prevenção e 30% (n=7) na prevenção e tratamento. Discussão: O laser de Arseneto de Gálio e Alumínio, com comprimento de onda de 660nm, potência de 30mW e densidade de energia 2 J/cm2, aplicado de forma pontual é o mais eficiente. Conclusão: A LBI é eficiente na prevenção e tratamento da Mucosite Oral. Entretanto, não existe uma padronização de protocolos de uso e muito menos trabalhos que busquem resolver essa particularidade.
ANÁLISE DAS CONDIÇÕES HIGIENICOSSANITÁRIAS DE FOOD TRUCKS NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Fernandes Rita De Cassia de Souza , Lima Marina De Almeida , Campos Elizabeth Maria Coppola , Salvador Amanda Cardoso de Almeida , Braga Bruna Dias , Souza Nadyne Porto de , Chaud Daniela Maria Alves , Abreu Edeli Simioni de
Published: December 2018

Devido ao aumento do hábito da alimentação fora do domicílio, os food trucks, um americanismo, fizeram sucesso no Brasil por oferecerem praticidade e agilidade. Para a garantia de um alimento seguro que evite surtos de doenças transmitidas por alimentos, é essencial verificar se os estabelecimentos estão de acordo com a legislação municipal vigente. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as condições higienicossanitárias de food trucks no município de São Paulo. Foram analisados 11 estabelecimentos, em seu horário de funcionamento. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se um check-list adaptado e os resultados comparados com a portaria municipal nº 2619/11. Os itens que mais apresentaram não conformidade foram: vestimenta; higienização dos reservatórios de água; pré-preparo dos alimentos; acondicionamento e transporte; presença de barreiras físicas entre as diferentes bancadas de trabalho; organização e armazenamento de utensílios; controle de pragas e ausência de Procedimentos Operacionais Padronizados. Uma particularidade encontrada refere que, pelo alimento só ser finalizado sob demanda do consumidor, 72,9% dos estabelecimentos não tinham a necessidade de armazená-lo sob condições de temperatura e tempo adequadas. Por se localizarem em locais abertos, os food trucks estão vulneráveis à presença de micro-organismos e poluentes. Concluiu-se que a análise das condições higienicossanitárias dos food trucks revelou-se insatisfatória, devendo haver uma adequação quanto às normas já preconizadas pela Portaria 2619/11, bem como maior atenção nos veículos e nas cozinhas de apoio.
Elective caesarean section and neonatal outcome: an observational study from a tertiary hospital in Mysore, Karnataka, India
Authors: Shivanagappa Mamatha , Veerabhadrappa Vinutha K. , Thandaveshwar Deepthi , Mahesh Madhumitha
Published: December 2018

Background: Globally 18.6 percent of all births occur by Caesarean Section (CS) and the trend is increasing. In India CS rates have risen from 2.9% in 1992 to 17.2% in 2015. The optimal timing of CS is still being investigated. Data with regard to elective CS and neonatal outcome from India is sparse and this study aimed to obtain the same in the setting of a South Indian Hospital. The objective was to evaluate neonatal outcome and NICU admissions in elective CSMethods: This was a retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care referral hospital and data collected was of deliveries conducted from Jan 2017 to July 2018. All term singleton pregnancies (>37 gestational weeks) scheduled for elective CS were included in the study.Results: A total of 3174 Caesarean Sections were performed during the study period of which 1087 were elective CS and 2087 were done on an emergent basis. Of these elective CS, 425 (39%) were performed at early term (37+0 until 38+6) and 662 (61%) were performed at full term (>39 weeks). Analysis of adverse neonatal outcomes revealed that a significantly higher rate of NICU admission, low birth weight, respiratory complications in newborns delivered at early term than in those delivered at full term.Conclusions: In the present study newborns delivered at 37- 38 weeks of gestation had a higher rate of NICU admission, low birth weight and respiratory complications compared to newborns delivered after 39 weeks of gestation. Neonatal outcome was found to be better in those elective CS done after 39 weeks in comparison to those delivered at early term (< 39 weeks).
Outcome of patients undergoing amputation for diabetic foot ulcer
Authors: D. Ashokkumar , S. Vinothkumar , Anandan Heber
Published: December 2018

Background: Foot ulcers are the principal cause of severe complications and hospitalization among patients with diabetes, substantially increasing the costs with this disease. Peripheral neuropathy, ulceration, infection, and peripheral vascular disease are the principal factors for ulcer complications and loss of a lower limb in diabetic patients. The aim of the present endeavor was to study the patients undergoing amputation for the diabetic foot ulcer.Methods: Total 150 patients with diabetic foot ulcer were included in this study. The variables investigated were related to diabetes, infection, and surgical treatment. In our series amputation were done at different levels anatomical levels ranging from toe level ranging from toe level to above knee amputation.Results: Pus culture and sensitivity done for diabetic foot ulcers reveal E. coil as the most common organism (40%). Skin biopsy done in these patients reveal neuropathic changes in 102 patients. 40% of patients had vaso-occlusive disease. Nine out of 150 patients showed osteomyelitis changes emphasizing those diabetic ulcer patients are prone for osteomyelitis of the underlying bone. 46% of patients with diabetic foot ulcer needed either minor or major amputation, which correlates with the standard study.Conclusions: Lack of awareness about diabetes mellitus and its lower limb complications, poor compliance to the treatment, poorly controlled blood sugar levels, delay in diagnosis, and late presentation to the tertiary care center are all factors which led to the occurrence of diabetic foot ulcer.
MULHER E MERCADO DE TRABALHO: É POSSÍVEL UMA EQUIDADE DE GÊNERO?
Authors: Da Silva Marusa Bocafoli
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo se propõe a analisar à luz da teoria de gênero, o vínculo existente entre trabalho remunerado e trabalho não remunerado e sua relação com o posicionamento da mulher no mercado de trabalho. Entendendo por trabalho não remunerado a reprodução e o serviço doméstico. É também objeto de análise desse artigo refletir sobre os condicionantes culturais que se tornam obstáculos para que as mulheres acessem, construam e consolidem suas carreiras, questionando se é possível o direito mudar a cultura.
DAS LIMINARIDADES DE WITKACY E DE SUA FORMA PURA
Authors: Pita Andrea Carla de Miranda
Published: December 2018

Neste trabalho será abordado o artista plural Stanislaw Ignacy Witkiwicz, o Witkacy(1895-1939) e a sua Teoria da Forma Pura. O polonês foi pintor, dramaturgo, romancista, fotógrafo, performer e pensador antes da 2ª Guerra Mundial. É estabelecido aqui um diálogo entre o artista, a Forma Pura – teoria estética por ele elaborada, o conceito de “liminaridade” de Victor Turner(1920-1983) e o de “transporte/transformação” de Richard Schechner(1934- ), autores do campo emergente das Performances Culturais.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Lima Francisca das Chagas Silva , Nunes Iran de Maria Leitão
Published: December 2018

Boa leitura!
DE SOFTWARE PARA AUDIOVISUAL: as infl uências da Abragames na formulação de políticas públicas culturais para jogos digitais no Brasil
Authors: Zambon Pedro Santoro , Carvalho Juliano Maurício de
Published: December 2018

Observar a atuação de associações setoriais no processo de formulação das políticas públicas permite entender os interesses envolvidos pelos representantes de um setor produtivo cultural através do agendamento de suas ações e discursos nas arenas públicas. Este artigo pretende, por meio da análise de documentos, posicionamentos em eventos e entrevistas, analisar o processo de formulação das políticas públicas culturais para jogos digitais no Brasil, de modo a diagnosticar as infl uências no processo decisório da Associação Brasileira de Desenvolvedores de Games (ABRAGAMES), principal entidade representativa do setor.Palavras-chave: Políticas públicas, políticas culturais, jogos digitais, formulação, incrementalismo
EXPERIÊNCIAS E CRIAÇÕES DE POLÍTICAS CULTURAIS NO PONTO DE CULTURA RECREIO DAS ARTES, SOBRAL-CE
Authors: Menezes Fátima Regina Portela de
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo objetiva descrever e analisar as iniciativas culturais e experiências organizadas e mantidas pelo Ponto de Cultura Recreio das Artes, localizado na comunidade do Recreio no município de Sobral. A descrição é permeada por uma breve análise das políticas culturais anteriores à criação dos pontos de cultura e uma apresentação do contexto em que foi criado o Programa Arte, Cultura e Cidadania – Cultura Viva, bem como das características que garantiram a sobrevivência das iniciativas populares financiadas.Palavras-Chave: Programa Cultura Viva, Pontos de Cultura, Políticas Culturais.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS CULTURAIS E A PROTEÇÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO ARQUEOLÓGICO NO BRASIL: perspectiva histórica
Authors: Bandeira Arkley Marques
Published: December 2018

O artigo é fruto das refl exões sobre as políticas públicas culturais concernentes aos bens arqueológicos brasileiros e visa apresentar os principais marcos diacrônicos relacionados com a construção das bases jurídicas que norteiam a proteção do patrimônio arqueológico no país. A metodologia consistiu no levantamento de fontes relacionadas com a história da arqueologia, as portarias autorizativas para a pesquisa, além de ampla análise da legislação brasileira. Os resultados apontam para uma distorção quando se fala em políticas culturais para a arqueologia, com a União participando ativamente na construção das leis, mas historicamente delegando a terceiros a gestão dos bens de natureza arqueológica. O artigo enfoca, ainda, outros aspectos como a falta de articulação entre os entes federados, o monopólio das pesquisas arqueológicas aplicadas ao licenciamento ambiental na mão de empresas e o pouco envolvimento público com a temática.Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas, proteção, patrimônio arqueológico, legislação, diacronia.
REDES E ATIVISMO EM POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: a construção da Política Nacional de Educação Museal (PNEM)
Authors: Martins Luciana Conrado , Junior Oswaldo Gonçalves
Published: December 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o resultado de uma pesquisa teórico-empírica sobre o processo de construção da Política Nacional de Educação Museal (PNEM). Publicada no fi nal de 2017, a PNEM consolida os anseios dos educadores de museus por instituições e processos museológicos voltados para a educação de seus públicos. Sua construção revela uma rede em âmbito nacional, envolvendo sub-redes estaduais e atores locais, cujos papéis de formuladores e implementadores da política coincidem. O ativismo de atores-chave, empreendedores de políticas, com trânsito nas estruturas governamentais, respondem pela estratégia de ativação da rede. Utilizando análise documental e observação, o artigo descreve esse processo de construção e procura analisá-lo sob a ótica da governança de redes de políticas públicas. Busca ampliar a compreensãosobre o potencial e os limites de arranjos desse tipo, apontando o caráterperformático da rede quando confrontada com a literatura.Palavras-chave: políticas públicas culturais, Política Nacional de EducaçãoMuseal, educação em museus, rede de políticas públicas.
CALABRE, Lia; LIMA, Deborah Rebello (Orgs.). Políticas Culturais: conjunturas e territorialidades. Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa e Observatório Itaú Cultural, 2017.
Authors: Melo Aldina da Silva
Published: December 2018

Lia Calabre e Deborah Lima já atuaram diretamente na Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa, respectivamente, como presidente e assessora técnica noSetor de Estudos em Políticas Culturais. Calabre é organizadora,desde 2010, do Seminário Internacional de Políticas Culturais. Assim,com uma ampla trajetória sobre as políticas públicas culturais,as organizadoras congregam nesta coletânea resultados de pesquisascontemporâneas de estudiosos do Brasil e da América Latina centradosnesse campo de estudo. Os capítulos reunidos na coletâneaforam apresentados, entre 2015 e 2016, durante a VI e VII edição doSeminário Internacional de Políticas Culturais – ambas sediadas naFundação Casa de Rui Barbosa, no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of the small and large intestine strictures in Crohn’s disease. Radiological semiotics and assessment of the inflammation activity
Authors: Dubrova S. E. , Stashuk G. A. , Nikitina N. V. , Bogomazov Yu. K.
Published: December 2018

Rationale: Crohn's disease is characterized by continuous severe course, and in a half of the patients is associated with formation of strictures that are difcult to treat and signifcantly decrease quality of life. Difculties during the diﬀerentiation between inﬂammation-related and fbrostenotic strictures and divergent approaches to their treatment in patients with Crohn's disease indicate the need in precise diagnostics and systematization of the radiological semiotics of strictures.

Aim: To propose radiological semiotics of the small and large intestine strictures based on the results of multiaxial computed tomography (MACT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and methods: MACT and MRI visualization was performed in 40 patients with a stenotic type of Crohn's disease.

Results: The radiological signs of the strictures were classifed into two main groups: intestinal and extra-intestinal. They were systematized according to nine criteria, such as character of formation, etiology, number, inﬂammation grade, extension, shape, and location, presence of ileus and presence of other complications. The inﬂammation activity in the intestinal wall was evaluated during the postcontrast assessment: active inﬂammation in the arterial phase (at 25 seconds after administration of the contrast agent), chronic inﬂammation in the delayed phase (at 10 minutes). The MRI results were cross-checked with those of MACT. At the precontrast stage, MRI was more informative as per the width of the intestinal lumen, whereas MACT was preferential in the diagnosis of fat infltration of the intestinal wall. Post-contrast MACT and MRI were diagnostically equivalent. The most indicative for active inﬂammation were diﬀuse weighed MRI images, arterial phase MACT and MRI, whereas chronic inﬂammation and wall fbrosis were better diagnosed at the delayed phase (at 10 minutes) of MACT and MRI. Both methods (MACT and MRI) could not diﬀerentiate between the submucous and muscular layers of the intestinal wall. Mixed type of inﬂammation was seen in the walls of intestinal strictures: chronic inﬂammation dominated in the intermediate, most extensive part of a stricture and remained stable during the dynamic follow-up, whereas active inﬂammation was found in the marginal parts of the strictures, which were most susceptible to changes during the follow-up.

Conclusion: Based on a set of certain signs obtained by radiological visualization, we propose a registry for stricture assessment based on evaluation of the inﬂammation activity.
Message from Editor
Authors: Bektas Prof. Dr. Cetin
Published: December 2018

Dear Readers,

It is the great honour for us to publish eighth volume, third issue of Global Journal of Business, Economics and Management: Current Issues.

 

Global Journal of Business, Economics and Management: Current Issues is an international, multi- disciplinary, peer-refereed journal which aims to provide a global platform for professionals working in the field of business, economics, management, accounting, marketing, banking and finance and scholars and researchers to share their theoretical, empirical and practical knowledge on current issues in the area of business, economics and management.

 

The scope of Global Journal of Business, Economics and Management: Current Issues includes; but is not limited to current issues on; Accounting, Advertising Management, Business and Economics, Business Ethics, Business Intelligence, Business Information Systems, Business Law, International Finance, Labor Economics, Labor Relations & Human Resource Management, Law and Economics, Management Information Systems, Business Law, Business Performance Management, Business Statistics, Communications Management, Comparative Economic Systems, Consumer Behavior, Corporate Finance and Governance, Corporate Governance, Cost Management, Management Science, Market Structure and Pricing, Marketing Research and Strategy, Marketing Theory and Applications, Operations Research, Organizational Behavior & Theory, Organizational Communication, Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles, Product Management, Decision Sciences, Development Planning and Policy, Economic Development, Economic Methodology, Economic Policy and so on.
The application of virtual reality technology in medical education and training
Authors: Lai Pinhua , Zou Wenjian
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe development of virtual reality (VR) technology has greatly changed various industries, and medicine field is not exceptional too. This paper briefly introduces application of VR from two aspects. The application in theoretical teaching is virtual anatomy and virtual human projects have been widely researched in various universities and institutions all over the world, which will give medical students a more realistic visual sense compared to the traditional teaching methods with 2-D diagrams. And VR surgical system plays an important role in clinical practice training, which provides surgeons a simulation environment with vivid visual, auditory, haptic senses, it will be an excellent substitute of cadaver because residents and interns can repeat all kinds of operations in the system without limits.
Barriers to adopting E-commerce with small to midsized enterprises-SMEs in developed countries: An exploratory study in Australia
Authors: Karim Shakir , Gide Ergun
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe paper aims to provide an insight about barriers affecting e‐commerce adoption with small to midsized enterprises (SMEs) in Australia. The objective of this research is also to consolidate the factors and determine the level of influence, either positively or negatively from the adopter’s perspective, on the adoption decision. This study also examines the factors influencing e-commerce adoption decisions in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Australia. Three groups of factors influencing adoption decisions are identified, including organisational, technology and environmental barriers influencing e‐commerce adoption and implementation in Australia. This paper mainly has used secondary research data and methods to provide a broad investigation ofthe barriers inAustralia, howto overcome the hurdles inSMEs ofAustralia necessary for SMEs tohelpfacilitatee-commerceadoption.Theresearchis subjecttoacademic journal articles, projectreports,media articles, corporation based documents and other appropriate information. In future, questionnaire‐based survey and interview will be conducted with small to midsized businesses in Australia about e‐commerce adoption and implementation. The finding says that one of the most vivid implication sofe commerce for SMEs is the potential for external communication and information gathering for market and product research. However, the most common limitation of e-commerce in Australia is that ecommerce is mainly used for payment purposes only. The study has found that the historical relationship problems between Business Link and SMEs are still causing problems. Cost was not seen as an inhibitor to adopting e‐commerce. Some evidence is emerging that e‐commerce may be able to save failing or struggling businesses. Other unexpected outcomes are that e‐commerce had social benefits for SMEs’ owners in reducing working hours yet still increased sales. The findings also show that in Australia, organisations and manager’s characteristics, perceived benefits, organisational culture, organisational IT competence, technological competency, IT support, availability of financial support, management commitment/support, external pressure and cost of adoption are significant predictors of e-commerce acceptance in the SMEs and have significantrelationships with e-commerce adoption in Australia.
Keywords: E-commerce, barriers, Internet, small to medium‐sized enterprises-SMEs, adoption, Australia
Writing skill difficulties for 'beginner' learners of the Arabic Language
Authors: Omari Fatma
Published: December 2018

Abstract

This field study on a group of non-native Arabic learners studying at the Language Center at the University of Jordan from beginner to intermediate levels, aims to highlight the main difficulties facing the students in the course of learning how to write Arabic correctly and how to distinguish between the sounds of letters and short vowels. The attempt to turn the pronounced sound into a written letter is something that occurs mostly while writing the points and vowels. If we go back to the syntactic khalilian ideas, we find that points are semi-letters and this can be achieved easily by non-speakers of Arabic. However, itâ€™s difficult for beginners to distinguish between the long and the short points in the single word, and secondly, in the sentence. A student who did not learn the written form of the word may confuse the word "Ø¬ÙŽÙ„ÙŽØ³ÙŽ"with "Ø¬Ø§Ù„Ø³", while others may think it to be"Ø¬Ø§Ù„Ø§Ø³". Others may confuse the word"Ø¬Ø§Ù„ÙØ³" with"Ø¬Ø§Ù„ÙŠØ³"ØŒ "Ø¬Ù„ÙŠØ³" or "Ø¬ÙŽÙ„ÙØ³".The reason why beginners make such mistakes is that during the early stages of teaching the sound of the short vowel is often accentuated. This results in students often exaggerating the short vowel point by giving it a bigger dimension and expressing it with a long vowel. When learners hear words in a fast-pronounced context; they think that the long vowels are short vowels, such as the word "ÙƒØªØ§Ø¨" they think it "ÙƒÙØªÙŽØ¨"and "ÙƒØªØ§Ø¨Ø©"or as "ÙƒÙØªÙŽØ¨ÙŽØ©", or may think the word"Ù‚ÙŽÙ„ÙŽÙ…ÙŒ"as"Ù‚Ù„Ø§Ù…"ØŒ "Ù‚Ù„Ø§Ù…ÙÙ†"ØŒ "Ù‚ÙŽÙ„ÙŽÙ…ÙÙ†"ØŒor "Ù‚Ù„Ø§Ù…ÙˆÙ†"This research emphasizes on the importance of teaching writing as one of the four skills upon which the language is acquired as well as the other skills; listening, reading, and conversation. Writing is a productive skill indicates the student has learned the best representation at the level of all that is true to the language and all that is below that in the lexicon and grammar, spelling and sound levels.

Keywords: Arabic, writing, unnative speakers, difficulties
MÉTRICAS DA PAISAGEM COMO FERRAMENTA DE AVALIAÇÃO DOS EFEITOS DA URBANIZAÇÃO NA ESTRUTURA DA PAISAGEM: O CASO DE CUIABÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Barros Marcelo Paes de
Published: December 2018

O desenvolvimento da agricultura em larga escala em regiões de cerrado no Mato Grosso, nos anos 70, trouxe um processo de urbanização rápido e não planejado nas cidades do estado, resultando em consequências negativas, como a degradação ambiental. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as mudanças da paisagem urbana, resultado desse processo, de 1980 a 2010, em Cuiabá, Brasil. Métricas em nível de paisagem, incluindo métricas de área, densidade e tamanho de retalhos, aresta, forma, vizinho mais próximo e complexidade, calculadas usando o programa, de análise de estrutura de paisagem, Fragstats, com base na interpretação de imagens Landsat, foram usadas para descrever mudanças na estrutura da paisagem causadas pela urbanização. Os resultados mostraram que a área dos fragmentos de vegetação diminuiu de 20,4%, nestes 30 anos, sendo maior entre os anos de 1980 e 1995. A paisagem tornou-se ecologicamente mais fragmentada e menos complexa devido à linearização da forma urbana, com blocos de rua regulares e espaços verdes cultivados, como parques urbanos, jardins e ruas, resultado de modificações humanas na estrutura da paisagem.
Sonar for Environmental Monitoring: Configuration of a Multifunctional Active Acoustics Platform Applied for Marine Renewables
Authors: Francisco Francisco Gemo Albino , Sundberg Jan
Published: December 2018

Marine renewable energy is emerging as one of the fast-growing industry in the last decades, as modern society pushes for technologies that can convert energy contained from winds, waves, tides and stream flows. The implementation of renewable energy technologies impose high demands on both structural and environmental engineering, as the energy converters have to work under extreme conditions where parameters such as sea-bottom configuration, water transparency and depth, sea-states and prevailing winds are harsh. Constant monitoring of the marine environment is crucial in order to keep this sector reliable. Active acoustics is becoming a standard tool to collect multi-dimensional data from physical, geological and biological properties of the marine environment. The Div. of Electricity of Uppsala University have been developing an environmental monitoring platform based on sonar (Sound Navigation And Raging) systems. This platform aims to monitor the installation, operation and decommissioning of marine renewable energy converters. The focus will be given the observations of behaviours of marine animals in vicinity of energy converters but also structural inspection and monitoring of MRETs. This paper describes how this multifunctional environmental monitoring platform come to existence from the design to the deployment phase.
Flow Structure Around Marginal Bank with Different Slopes Under the Action of Unsteady Flow
Authors: Wang Pingyi , Tian Ye , Guo Genting , Wang Meili
Published: December 2018

Unsteady flow is the most common and complicated form of fluid motion in nature. This paper takes the beaches of key waterways in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object, analyzes the water surface distribution and average flow velocity distribution near the beach, and analyzes the differences. The relationship between the flow pattern of the steep slope and the water flow pattern of the entire survey area and the steep slope of the beach and its nearby water flow structure. The water flow near the beach is divided into four major blocks: the swelling water area, the falling water area, the backwater area and the maximum flow rate area. The water flow structure characteristics and the cause of each block are analyzed.
Fonologia Cognitiva
Authors: Rosa Eliane da
Published: December 2018

A Fonologia Cognitiva é um ramo da Gramática Cognitiva, que teve sua origem nos trabalhos de Langacker (1987, 2007, 2008), Lakoff (1987, 1993) e Taylor (2002). Esta teoria adota um paradigma não modular da mente e baseia-se na premissa de que as habilidades cognitivas requeridas para a linguagem são semelhantes àquelas usadas em outras tarefas cognitivas (COUPER, 2011). Uma vez que a Fonologia Cognitiva faz parte da Gramática Cognitiva, há uma correlação entre a fonologia e os outros níveis da estrutura (sintaxe, semântica, morfologia, etc.), por isso o som não pode ser aprendido independente do significado. Como a Fonologia Cognitiva é uma área explorada em diversos países, com exceção do Brasil, o presente artigo tem o intuito de descrever e debater sobre um tópico ainda pouco explorado pelo meio acadêmico em território brasileiro, visto que a maioria das pesquisas realizadas no referido país toma como base teórico-metodológica os preceitos da Fonologia de Uso, de Bybee (1994, 2001), que se trata de outra vertente da Linguística Cognitiva.
Improving the Precision of NDVI Estimates in Upland Cotton Field Trials
Authors: Hugie K.L. , Bauer P.J. , Stone K.C. , Barnes E.M. , Jones D.C. , Campbell B.T.
Published: December 2018

Controlling for experimental error attributable to field heterogeneity is important in high‐throughput phenotyping studies that enable large numbers of genotypes to be evaluated across time and space. In the current study, we compared the efficacy of different experimental designs and spatial models in the analysis of canopy spectral reflectance data collected on upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.). Canopy spectral reflectance, as measured by normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), was measured at first bloom on three upland cotton performance trials conducted in Florence, SC, during 2014 and 2015. The relative efficiency and estimates of genotype effects were compared among randomized complete block, an α‐lattice incomplete block, row–column incomplete block, nearest neighbor adjusted, and spatially correlated error models. The row–column model provided the greatest improvement in the precision of genotype effect estimates compared with the randomized complete block model. Genotype rankings based on NDVI varied substantially between the randomized complete block and alternative models, particularly at 5 and 10% selection intensities. These results suggest that the use of more complex experimental designs and spatial analyses should be routinely considered to minimize experimental error due to field heterogeneity and improve the precision and reliability of traits measured using high‐throughput phenotyping systems. These findings also indicate that further research into the effects of field heterogeneity on the relationship between NDVI and lint yield in upland cotton is warranted.
January effect: 200 years of evolution in the us stock market
Authors: Plastun Alex , Plastun Vyacheslav
Published: December 2018

This paper is a comprehensive investigation of the January Effect evolution in the US stock market over the period 1791–2015. It employs various statistical techniques (average analysis, Student’s t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney test) and a trading simulation approach to analyze the evolution of this anomaly. The results suggest that January effect during the XVIII–XXI century passed the way from rise to fall. The rise of the January Effect starts in the end of the XIX century and this anomaly mostly disappeared in middle of the XX century. Nowadays the January Effect is not present in the US stock market, but even today January stays one of the best months for purchases in the US stock market.
Energy recovery and efficiency improvement for an activated sludge, agro-food WWTP upgrade
Authors: Callegari Arianna , Boguniewicz-Zablocka Joanna , Capodaglio Andrea G.
Published: December 2018

Wastewater treatment's primary purpose is to protect surface water quality, aquatic life, beneficial and recreational uses of waterways, and primarily comply with local water emission standards. Lately, additional requirements were added for these facilities, concerning minimization of a series of sidestream environmental impacts (i.e., odours, generated waste by-products, etc.), air emissions, including CO2, methane and nitrogen greenhouse gases (GHGs), and mitigation of various other likely impacts resulting from energy and chemical use in treatment processes. This paper describes a case study in Northern Europe, where critical analysis of an industrial wastewater treatment plant's present conditions, during an evaluation of upgrade possibilities to improve regulatory compliance, led to a sustainable intervention proposal. According to the formulated proposal, process improvement, energy recovery, and overall savings and GHG emissions reduction could be simultaneously achieved with a series of relatively simple interventions.
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF PERIPHERAL CONSTITUTIONS: A NEW THEORETICAL APPROACH AND THE ZIKA VIRUS IN BRAZIL
Authors: Carneiro Wálber Araujo
Published: December 2018

This essay proposes a new theoretical model directed towards the observation of fundamental rights present in the Constitutions of peripheral States. Parting from a critical revision of classic perspectives oriented by the dogmatic affirmation of fundamental rights and the institutional tradition derived from sociological observation, these rights perform a dual function. They are responsible for the structuring of normative expectations and, at the same time, they construct internal dogmatic limits within the system. Through the contributions of phenomenology and social systems theory, this model suggests autonomous spheres of fundamentality in contrast to the classical unity of fundamental rights. Furthermore, the balancing schemes are substituted for an internal “law of collision.” Conflict resolution undergoes a shift from the traditional method to the system’s reflexive pragmatics, contributing to the legal security and the democratic legitimacy of judicial review. Finally, it verifies how this theory could be applied to the advent of the Zika virus which affected Brazil from 2015 to 2017. As the Zika virus crisis involves different spheres of fundamentality, entailing a range of systems of law and therefore revealing different collision patterns, this essay demonstrates how this new approach could contribute to the control of solutions.
Recent Advances in the Understanding of the Reaction Chemistries of the Heme Catabolizing Enzymes HO and BVR Based on High Resolution Protein Structures
Authors: Sugishima Masakazu , Wada Kei , Fukuyama Keiichi
Published: December 2018

In mammals, catabolism of the heme group is indispensable for life. Heme is first cleaved by the enzyme Heme Oxygenase (HO) to the linear tetrapyrrole Biliverdin IXα (BV), and BV is then converted into bilirubin by Biliverdin Reductase (BVR). HO utilizes three Oxygen molecules (O2) and seven electrons supplied by NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CPR) to open the heme ring and BVR reduces BV through the use of NAD(P)H. Structural studies of HOs, including substrate-bound, reaction intermediate-bound, and several specific inhibitor-bound forms, reveal details explaining substrate binding to HO and mechanisms underlying-specific HO reaction progression. Cryo-trapped structures and a time-resolved spectroscopic study examining photolysis of the bond between the distal ligand and heme iron demonstrate how CO, produced during the HO reaction, dissociates from the reaction site with a corresponding conformational change in HO. The complex structure containing HO and CPR provides details of how electrons are transferred to the heme-HO complex. Although the tertiary structure of BVR and its complex with NAD+ was determined more than 10 years ago, the catalytic residues and the reaction mechanism of BVR remain unknown. A recent crystallographic study examining cyanobacterial BVR in complex with NADP+ and substrate BV provided some clarification regarding these issues. Two BV molecules are bound to BVR in a stacked manner, and one BV may assist in the reductive catalysis of the other BV. In this review, recent advances illustrated by biochemical, spectroscopic, and crystallographic studies detailing the chemistry underlying the molecular mechanism of HO and BVR reactions are presented.
Inhibition of α-amylase Activity by Zn2+: Insights from Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Liao Si-Ming , Shen Nai-Kun , Liang Ge , Lu Bo , Lu Zhi-Long , Peng Li-Xin , Zhou Feng , Du Li-Qin , Wei Yu-Tuo , Zhou Guo-Ping , Huang Ri-Bo
Published: December 2018

Background:

Inhibition of α-amylase activity is an important strategy in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. An important treatment for diabetes mellitus is to reduce the digestion of carbohydrates and blood glucose concentrations. Inhibiting the activity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes such as α-amylase and glucosidase significantly decreases the blood glucose level. Most inhibitors of α-amylase have serious adverse effects, and the α-amylase inactivation mechanisms for the design of safer inhibitors are yet to be revealed.

Objective:

In this study, we focused on the inhibitory effect of Zn2+ on the structure and dynamic characteristics of α-amylase from Anoxybacillus sp. GXS-BL (AGXA), which shares the same catalytic residues and similar structures as human pancreatic and salivary α-amylase (HPA and HSA, respectively).

Methods:

Circular dichroism (CD) spectra of the protein (AGXA) in the absence and presence of Zn2+ were recorded on a Chirascan instrument. The content of different secondary structures of AGXA in the absence and presence of Zn2+ was analyzed using the online SELCON3 program. An AGXA amino acid sequence similarity search was performed on the BLAST online server to find the most similar protein sequence to use as a template for homology modeling. The pocket volume measurer (POVME) program 3.0 was applied to calculate the active site pocket shape and volume, and molecular dynamics simulations were performed with the Amber14 software package.

Results:

According to circular dichroism experiments, upon Zn2+ binding, the protein secondary structure changed obviously, with the α-helix content decreasing and β-sheet, β-turn and randomcoil content increasing. The structural model of AGXA showed that His217 was near the active site pocket and that Phe178 was at the outer rim of the pocket. Based on the molecular dynamics trajectories, in the free AGXA model, the dihedral angle of C-CA-CB-CG displayed both acute and planar orientations, which corresponded to the open and closed states of the active site pocket, respectively. In the AGXA-Zn model, the dihedral angle of C-CA-CB-CG only showed the planar orientation. As Zn2+ was introduced, the metal center formed a coordination interaction with H217, a cation-π interaction with W244, a coordination interaction with E242 and a cation-π interaction with F178, which prevented F178 from easily rotating to the open state and inhibited the activity of the enzyme.

Conclusion:

This research may have uncovered a subtle mechanism for inhibiting the activity of α-amylase with transition metal ions, and this finding will help to design more potent and specific inhibitors of α-amylases.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of New Pyrazolines as an Antitubercular and Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Lokesh Bontha Venkata Subrahmanya , Prasad Y. Rajendra , Shaik Afzal Basha
Published: December 2018

Background:

Many synthetic procedures were reported till date to prepare pyrazoline
derivatives. Some have published pyrazolines from different chalcone derivatives in the literature.

Objective:

A series of new pyrazolines containing novel 2,5-dichloro-3-acetylthiophene chalcone
moiety (PZT1-PZT20) have been synthesized, characterized by 1HNMR and 13CNMR and evaluated
for them in vitro antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain and in vitro
anticancer activity against DU-145 prostate cancer cell lines and all compounds were also
screened for molecular docking studies against specific targeted protein domains.

Methods:

All compounds were screened for potential activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
H37Rv (MTB) strain and anticancer activity against DU-149 prostate cancer cell lines using MTT
cytotoxicity assay.

Results:

Among the series, compound PZT5 with 2”, 4”-dichlorophenyl group at 5-position on the
pyrazoline ring exhibited the most potent antitubercular activity (MIC=1.60 µg/mL) and compounds
PZT2, PZT9, PZT11, PZT15, and PZT20 showed similar antitubercular activity against
standard pyrazinamide (MIC=3.12 µg/mL) by broth dilution assay. PZT15 and PZT17 with 4”-
pyridinyl and 2”-pyrrolyl groups on pyrazoline ring were found to exhibit better anticancer activity
against DU-149 prostate cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 2.0±0.2 µg/mL and 6.0±0.3
µg/mL respectively by MTT assay. The preliminary structure-activity relationship has been summarized.
The molecular docking studies with crystalline structures of enoyl acyl carrier protein
reductase InhA interaction with target protein (2NSD; PDB and 3FNG; PDB) of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB) strain have also exhibited good ligand interaction and binding affinity.
Ligand interaction and binding affinity were estimated using crystal structures of both types of
enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase InhA (3FNG.pdb) and found to be much higher (-16.70 to -
19.20 kcal/mol) compared with pyrazinamide (-10.70 kcal/mol) as a standard target molecule.
Whereas the binding affinities of six active compounds with crystal structure of other type of
enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase InhA (2NSD.pdb) were much similar and higher (-9.30 to -
11.20 kcal/mole) than pyrazinamide (-11.10 kcal/mole).

Conclusion:

These new pyrazolines would be promising potent inhibitors of drug sensitive and
drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain and potential anticancer agents against prostate
cancer and other prototypes of cancers.
Uso de materiales en la conservación y restauración arqueológica del Cusicancha - Cusco
Authors: Aguilar Meza Trinidad
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo hace referencia a los problemas que presenta la protección y conservación del patrimonio cultural del centro histórico de la ciudad del Cusco, entre los años de 1950-2005, los factores materia de estudio son la tradición y la modernidad, al estar nutridos de contenido ideológico, manipulados por las instancias del poder político, económico, social, cultural. Se trató de descubrir cuáles son los niveles de participación, influencia que se encuentra en la concepción y la práctica de la planificación, el urbanismo, la nueva arquitectura y en la disciplina de la conservación, en el esfuerzo por salvaguardar el patrimonio cultural local, sin embargo, nos encontramos con un panorama confuso y contradictorio, produciendo pérdida y destrucción en el patrimonio cultural del centro histórico del Cusco.
Mas: Medio / arquitectura / sociedad. Revista institucional miradas al patrimonio
Authors: Hayakawa Casas José
Published: December 2018

Nos aproximamos a una breve, pero consistente revista que más allá de su carácter sintético posee aspiraciones refundacionales en el ámbito del conocimiento de lo patrimonial, en el marco mayor del mundo académico-profesional del sur peruano. De hecho, el mismo decano regional del Colegio de Arquitectos del Perú- Región Arequipa arquitecto Luis Alemán Abad mencionaba entre los principales méritos de esta publicación: “Expertos y destacados profesionales en el tema de patrimonio nos hacen conocer sus planteamientos, propuestas y opiniones, que, sin lugar a dudas, habrán de enriquecer el bagaje de experiencias y conocimientos que tenemos al respecto, contribuyendo con ello, a fortalecer nuestra capacitación en un tema que es fundamental para el ejercicio eficiente de nuestra labor profesional […]”.
Patrimonio y Plan Urbano en Lima: Apuestas y desafíos del Diagnóstico y Propuesta de Patrimonio Edificado en el PLAM 2035
Authors: Ariza Fritas Rosario , Hayakawa Casas José
Published: December 2018

El patrimonio edificado constituye un espectro esencial y dinámico de la actividad humana. Representa un privilegio y desafío tanto cuantitativa como cualitativamente, y su adecuada gestión puede devenir en el incremento de la calidad de vida de las comunidades de Lima. El realizar un análisis y propuesta de gestión del patrimonio edificado en Lima contribuye a desarrollar una panorámica, y a sistematizar las “lecciones aprendidas”. Este texto profundiza en la valiosa y singular experiencia de construcción del diagnóstico/propuesta del patrimonio edificado como componente sectorial y horizonte transversal en el marco del Plan Metropolitano de Desarrollo Urbano de Lima (PLAM 2035). Reconocer el proceso de elaboración de esta documentación permitirá determinar el valor de sus principales apuestas y estrategias para lidiar con las carencias y problemas que se suscitaron en un entorno con una débil institucionalidad y ciudadanía cultural, pero también con oportunidades desde el liderazgo de la Administración Pública, específicamente el Gobierno de la ciudad, para concertar esfuerzos y avances.
V Congreso Educación, Museos y Patrimonio. Creatividad e innovación educativa en museos y espacios patrimoniales
Authors: Hayakawa Casas José
Published: December 2018

La oportunidad de reseñar este libro permite referir al esfuerzo sostenido de diversos profesionales de “lo cultural” en Chile por reunirse, proponer, cuestionar, discrepar y debatir sobre buena parte de la acción museística, así como sobre la gestión cultural que se lleva a cabo a nivel nacional y regional. Todo ello en el contexto del Congreso de Educación, Museos y Patrimonio que se realiza desde hace poco menos de una década, que en esta oportunidad nos regala una quinta y repotenciada versión.