bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural Changes in the Spatial Development of Russia: New Realities
Authors: Plisetskii E. L.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in the spatial structure of the national economy, including those occurring under the influence of sanctions; to identify promising areas and forms of spatial organization of the economy, designed to help overcome the prevailing negative trends and territorial imbalances in the socio-economic development of the country’s regions. One of the key problems of the Russian economy as a whole is structural imbalance. According to the author, its overcoming can be facilitated by the creation of innovative and industrial clusters, territories of advanced socio-economic development, special economic zones. Their role is primarily to strengthen intersectoral, intra- and inter-regional interaction of market participants, attract investment (including in infrastructure development), create new jobs, ensure industrial, scientific, technological and information development, which ultimately is designed to enhance the competitiveness of regions, smoothing differences in the level of their socio-economic development. In the process of work, general scientific methods were used: economic and statistical, comparative analysis, systematization of data. The results of the study can be taken into account when updating the strategies of spatial development of Russia and socio-economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation to develop a more balanced approach to making organizational and managerial decisions in this area.
Barriers to the Formation of an Ecosystem of Technological Entrepreneurship in Russia
Authors: Ovchinnikova A. V. , Topoleva T. N.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the current issues of the development of the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem, the growing importance of which is due to the need to implement innovative high-tech business ideas, their implementation and iteration to achieve Russia’s technological sovereignty. The purpose of this study is to generalize and evaluate Russian experience of state support for technological entrepreneurship, as well as to identify barriers to the formation of an innovation ecosystem at the regional level. During the research process, a complex of general scientific methods was used, including: analysis and synthesis, logical, monographic, questioning, generalization, interpretation, graphic visualization. The continuity of international practice of innovative development for Russia, especially in the context of promoting the development of the technological entrepreneurship sector, is determined in the plane of the formation of an innovative society, mental and cognitive strengthening of the national innovation ecosystem. An analysis of the key imperatives in terms of institutional, financial, economic and program mechanisms for supporting the Russian high-tech sector and entrepreneurship was carried out. Based on the results of a survey of subjects of the innovation process conducted as part of thematic foresight sessions in the period 2019–2023. in the regions of the Volga and Ural Federal Districts, barriers limiting the development of the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem are identified, and development directions that help improve its efficiency are identified. From the point of view of practical significance, the results of the study can be useful to government authorities at all levels in the implementation of ecosystem management decisions, including the development of tools to support individual sectors of the economy, the preparation of road maps, regional strategies and standards in the field of innovative development.
Identification of Digital Intellectual Assets and Features of Their Commercialization
Authors: Loseva O. V. , Abdikeev N. M.
Published: October 2023

The need to identify, define the types, specifics and features of the commercialization of digital intellectual assets is due to the prevailing realities and the opportunities for additional income associated with the digitalization of the economy and the legislative consolidation of new objects of civil turnover — digital rights. The purpose of the work is to characterize digital intellectual assets as objects of commercialization, to identify the features and conditions of its implementation, as well as factors affecting the type and amount of license fees for the transfer of rights to these assets. The methodological basis of the research was the categorical apparatus of management methods in the field of intellectual property and digital rights, methods of classification, statistical and comparative analysis, a systematic approach, scientific works of leading domestic and foreign scientists in the field of evaluation of intellectual property and digital assets. Results of the study are as follows: two interpretations of digital intellectual assets have been identified: 1) as rights to intellectual property objects that exist and have value in digital form; 2) as digital rights to intellectual property objects, the disposal of which is carried out exclusively in an information system based on blockchain technology; the typologization of digital intellectual assets with the allocation of separate types within each interpretation is carried out; the features of commercialization of digital intellectual assets, factors influencing the choice of the type and amount of license remuneration are revealed. The findings can be used in practice by the management of companies when developing strategies for managing new types of assets in order to increase the efficiency of their commercialization.
Promotion of Fashion Brands in the Russian Market in the Absence of Foreign Competitors (on the Example of the Lime Clothing Brand)
Authors: Mikryukov V. O. , Anisina M. V. , Zakharova Y. N. , Titova V. V. , Frank Y. V.
Published: October 2023

Various trends are transforming the organizational, consumer and methodological landscape of enterprises whose activities relate to the fashion industry. The relevance of the chosen research topic is due to changes in the strategies currently used in this area, which is associated with the current geopolitical situation, as well as with the dominance of the trend of humanity (empathy) in strategic branding. The purpose of the study was to identify the features of promoting fashion brands on the Russian market in the absence of foreign competitors using the example of the LIME clothing brand, which is among the most popular (over 100 stores in Russia and the CIS countries). The methods of analysis and synthesis, abstraction, generalization, comparison, and questionnaire survey were used in the course of the work. The authors concluded that the effectiveness of brand development depends both on the right strategic decisions and on understanding the characteristics of the target audience, real-time communications with customers and prompt response to their requests through the use of high-tech strategic planning tools, in particular, personalized value propositions. Based on the research, recommendations have been developed for the promotion of Russian fashion brands in modern conditions, which can find practical application.
Revision rhinoplasty with free diced cartilage grafts: Outcome evaluations with the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale
Authors: Kandulu Hüseyin
Published: October 2023

Background/Aim: The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale is a validated, reliable, and feasible instrument used to evaluate nasal obstruction severity. We aimed to assess patient satisfaction using the NOSE score after revision rhinoplasty with free diced cartilage (fDC) grafts.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 36 patients who underwent a revision rhinoplasty procedure completed the Turkish version of the NOSE questionnaire before and six months after rhinoplasty. Pre- and postoperative NOSE scores were compared using the Mann Whitney U test.
Results: The pre- and postoperative total mean NOSE scores were 68.06 and 8.47, respectively. The NOSE score significantly decreased six months after rhinoplasty surgery (P<0.001). Adapting to exercise was the parameter with the highest improvement rate.
Conclusion: The outcome of the NOSE questionnaires in patients with nasal deformities shows that a revision rhinoplasty surgery with the placement of fDC grafts contributes to the improvement of nasal functions. The Turkish version of the NOSE scale is a useful tool to assess patient satisfaction among the Turkish population.
Factors associated with quality of life in caregivers of patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Doğan Esma Evrim , Demirel Naciye
Published: October 2023

Background/Aim: Advances in the therapeutic treatment of multiple myeloma have continuously led to better prognoses. However, longer lives for patients include complications due to both potential comorbidities and the possible severe side effects of specific treatments. These issues make caring for such patients exhausting. In this study, we investigated the most important factors that negatively affect the quality of life (QoL) of non-professional caregivers of patients with multiple myeloma (MM).
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted between March 2023 and August 2023. The caregivers of 144 patients with MM were assessed for inclusion/exclusion. The demographics of caregivers, their familial relation to the patient, and their socioeconomic status (education, both marital and financial status, and occupations) were recorded. Additionally, data from MM patients were retrieved: (1) clinical and demographic data, (2) light and heavy chain types, (3) disease stage, (4) lytic lesions, and (5) treatment(s). The Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer (CQOLC) questionnaire contains four sub-scores and a total score and was administered to all caregivers who volunteered to participate.
Results: A total of 73 patients and their caregivers were included in the study. For patients, their mean age was 65.7 (11.4) years, 52% were female, and the mean value of the disease duration was 30.5 (16.0–66.5) months. For caregivers, their mean age was 47.2 (12.8) years, and 63% were females. Multivariable linear regression revealed that higher (>40 years) caregiver age was independently associated with a higher CQOLC Burden and Positive adaptation score. Being a female caregiver was independently associated with a higher CQOLC Disruptiveness score. Having university-level or higher education status was independently associated with a lower CQOLC Financial Concerns score. In terms of the overall score, we found that higher (>40 years) caregiver age and the gender of the caregiver (female) appear to be factors that are independently associated with higher CQOLC total scores, whereas being a second-degree relative to the patient independently lowered the total score.
Conclusion: Among caregivers of MM patients, those who were older, female, and/or the first-degree relative of the patient (versus second-degree) with having lower education (versus university or higher) resulted in an improved caregiver QoL. The gender bias among caregivers is also a novel finding.
THE FUTURE OF EXPORT-BASED GROWTH POLICIES IN THE TURKISH ECONOMY: AN ECONOMETRIC SIMULATION APPROACH
Authors: İMAMOĞLU İlyas Kays , COŞKUN Hüseyin
Published: October 2023

In this study, the long- and short-term relationship between exports and economic growth in the Turkish economy, using the ARDL bounds test approach with annual data sets for the period 1987-2021, was examined, and the per capita GDP figures of Turkiye for the period 2022-2032 were estimated by econometric simulation method. In the ARDL model estimation results, it was seen that effect of exports were positive and statistically significant on economic growth in the short and long term. According to the foresight analysis, it has been determined that the per capita GDP in 2032 will be $20990 in the base export scenario, $17327 in the low-export scenario, and nearly double to $25157 in the high-export scenario. These results show that it is possible for the GDP per capita to nearly double in the next ten years in the Turkish economy. Still, policy components are needed to increase exports by an average of 13.86% annually to reach these figures.
İmparator Traianus ile Bithynia Valisi Genç Plinius’un Mektuplarında Yer Alan Bayındırlık Faaliyetlerine Göre Roma’nın Anadolu’daki Yönetim Anlayışı
Authors: YILDIRIM Ercüment
Published: October 2023

İmparatorluk döneminde Roma’nın idari merkezleri olan eyaletlerin yönetimi senato ile imparator arasında paylaşılmıştır. Bazı eyaletler, Roma Senatosu tarafından idare edilirken bazıları imparatorlar tarafından atanan valiler tarafından yönetilmiştir. Valiler tarafından idare edilen bu eyaletlerde son söz daima imparatora ait olmuştur. Genç Plinius’un valilik yaptığı Bithynia Eyaleti de İmparator Traianus’un yönetimine bağlanmıştır. Genç Plinius, pek çok konuda İmparator Traianus’a danışmak için mektup göndermiş ve bu mektuplar günümüze ulaşmıştır. Anadolu’da Roma yönetim anlayışı ile ilgili birinci elden kayıtlar olan bu mektupların bir kısmı Bithynia Eyaleti’ndeki bayındırlık faaliyetlerini içermektedir. İS 111-113 yıllarına arasında Bithynia Valisi olan Genç Plinius, şehirlere su sağlayan su kemerleri, yeni inşa edilecek kamu binaları ve bir başka yere taşınacak tapınaklar gibi konularda İmparator Traianus’a mektuplar göndermiştir. İmparator Traianus da bu mektuplara ayrıntılı cevaplar vermiştir. Traianus’un vermiş olduğu cevaplar genelde Roma’nın; özel imparatorların Anadolu’daki yönetim anlayışı hakkında bilgiler içermektedir. Bu çalışma, Roma İmparatorluğu’nun Anadolu’da yaklaşık beş yüzyıl süren hakimiyeti boyunca oluşan yönetim anlayışını, birinci elden kaynak kabul edilen İmparator Traianus ve Eyalet Valisi Genç Plinius arasındaki mektuplardaki bilgilendirmeler üzerinden açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu mektuplaşmalar, dönemin Roma dünyasına ait siyasi, dini ve mali birçok konuyu içermesine rağmen çalışmamız, bayındırlık faaliyetleri ile sınırlandırılmış biçimde Roma devlet idaresinin nasıl yürütüldüğünü ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır.
Veri Madenciliği Süreci ile Türkiye'de Vergi Kayıp ve Kaçakların Tahmini
Authors: ŞENCAN Derya
Published: October 2023

Vergi kayıp ve kaçakları tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de en büyük sorunlardan biridir. Denetimlerin yanı sıra, istatistiksel teknikler ve makine öğrenimi algoritmaları da vergi kayıp ve kaçaklarının tespitinde büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada vergi kayıp ve kaçak oranı; enflasyon oranı, işsizlik, vergi yükü, cari açık, ekonomik büyüme (GSYİH), devletin büyüklüğü gibi faktörlere bağlı olarak veri madenciliği süreci ile tahmin edilmiştir. Veri madenciliği sürecinde on iki modelleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Her modelden elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırılmış ve bazı istatistiksel göstergeler kullanılarak en iyi model belirlenmiştir. Buna göre, vergi kayıp ve kaçak oranı tahmininde en başarılı sonucu R2, MAE ve RMSE değerleri sırasıyla 0,931, 0,2356 ve 0,2473 olan Gaussian processes modeli vermiştir. Vergi kayıp ve kaçak oranını etkileyen değişkenlerin ağırlık değerleri duyarlılık analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Vergi kayıp ve kaçaklarında pozitif etkisi en yüksek olan faktörlerin işsizlik ve enflasyon oranları olduğu görülmüştür. Bu faktörleri vergi yükü ve GSYİH değerleri izlemektedir. Devletin büyüklüğü ve cari açık faktörlerinin ise vergi kayıp ve kaçak oranı üzerinde negatif etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçların ülkemizdeki vergi kayıp ve kaçak oranının tahmin edilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Remote telemedicine technologies in pediatric neurology.
Authors:   the Institute of Clinical Medicine, First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov, Ministry of Health of Russia, Shaderkina A.I. ,   Moscow, Russia, Alekseeva M.V. ,   Organizational and Methodological Work of the Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Psychoneurology of the Moscow Department of Health, Moscow, Russia, Batysheva T.T. ,   Children's Specialist of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for Medical Rehabilitation, Chief Freelance Children's Specialist of the Moscow Department of Health for Neurology, Moscow, Russia, Klimov Yu.A. ,   the Faculty of Medicine of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Neurologic disorders make a significant contribution to overall morbidity. For example, in recent years in Moscow, the overall incidence of diseases of the nervous system in children is 7637.1 per 100.000 people. The chronic course of neurologic disorders and the need for long-term rehabilitation determine the widespread use of digital technologies in this area. Materials and methods. A literature review was conducted in the PubMed database. The inclusion criteria for studies were the use of digital technologies and the participation of patients under 18 years of age in testing and evaluating the effectiveness of these methods. Results. In this paper we reviewed the use of digital technologies in disorders such as cerebral palsy (CP), epilepsy, headaches including migraines, and multiple sclerosis. Modern wearable diagnostic and neuroimaging devices have been described. In the treatment of cerebral palsy, home rehabilitation options are receiving high interest. The most common area in which remote monitoring is used is the chronic headaches monitoring. Many available solutions have been developed in this area, such as digital diaries, which are used to identify the causes and triggers of migraines exacerbations and tension headaches. Telemedicine consultations increase patient access to neurological and neurosurgical care, and use of teleconsultations is increasing rapidly in recent years. Conclusion. Thus, there is currently an active development of digital technologies in pediatric neurology. Telemedicine consultations, virtual and augmented reality technologies, and the use of applications on smartphones and related devices are becoming new high-quality and objective methods of patient management.
Options for cooperation and features of working with Chinese suppliers.
Authors:   CEO Cyfromed LLC, Zelensky M.M. ,   Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2023

The global political and economic situation in recent years has had a significant impact on many areas of life, including healthcare. The sanctions imposed against Russia have become a real challenge for the participants of the medical equipment market, causing a number of problems that both manufacturers and consumers of this equipment have to overcome. In this article, we will look at exactly how the sanctions affected the market of medical devices, and what prospects are opening up for the Russian medical industry in the field of import substitution. Look at the China from the point of view of a supplier of medical equipment under sanctions. We will describe the main ways of cooperation with chinese suppliers: from finding a specific solution in China to localization of production in Russia. Let's highlight the subtleties that exist when working with manufacturers from China. In order for the topic to be fully disclosed, here is a list of the largest manufacturers of medical equipment and gadgets for the medical industry. According to the author, in the conditions of a shortage of Western equipment and restrictions in the maintenance of existing equipment, it is necessary to pay attention to the east. China as a global manufacturer of materials, components and finished products can help replace some of the equipment, and eventually completely displace Western technology.
Calf Performance Offspring of Cow Fed with Depolarizing Katuk Leaves
Authors: T. Amboro  , A. Atabany  , A. Suprayogi
Published: October 2023

The birth and growth of dairy calves are important factors in the dairy cattle business. The growth of calves and mothers needs to be monitored in production management so that they can produce good seeds or milk according to the expected quality. This study aims to determine the effect of feeding depolarized katuk leaves on the performance of calves from cow consuming depolarized katuk. 21 gestation cows were three groups of seven cows each, the control group (feed complete),CF-DKPo (complete feed added with Depolarized Katuk Powder), CF-DKPe (complete feed added with Depolarized Katuk Pellets). As a feed addition, 100 grams of depolarized katuk feed were provided daily to each head which is given in the morning by mixing it with the morning feed. The treatment was served during at 10 days before calving day and up to 7 days birth. The research data consisted of gestational days data, daily gain data and calf body weight data from 0 – 90 days old. Data analysis on gestational age, body weight, and average daily gain of calf were by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if there is a difference, continue with further testing (Dunnett’s test) using SPSS. The results showed that there were differences in birth weight and body weight in calves from mothers that were given depolarized katuk leaves. Calves from broodstock that consumed depolarized katuk leaves in pellet form had higher weights compared to the control and BKD treatments. Significant differences occurred in birth weight and calf ADG for each treatment. Katuk leaves that have been depolarized can be added to feed to help calves grow bigger.
Carcass Productivity and Meat Quality Bambu Apus Rabbit
Authors: H. Margatama  , H. Nuraini  , B. Brahmantiyo  , Supratikno
Published: October 2023

Rabbits are meat-producing livestock with high productivity. Rabbit meat has high nutritional content and is good for health. The DKI Jakarta Government through the Center for Animal Health and Livestock Services (Pusyankeswannak) has opened the Bambu Apus Livestock Park. This research was conducted to determine the productivity of bambu apus rabbit carcasses as broiler rabbits to support urban farming programs in DKI Jakarta. Ten of bambu apus rabbits (five males and five females), ten of new zealand white rabbits (eight males and two females) and 17 rexsi grinak rabbits (eight males and nine females) were used. The body weights of the rabbits ranged from 2000 to 3000 g per head. This research has obtained Ethical Clearance (Balitbangtan/Center for Animal Husbandry Research BRIN/NRm/01/2022). Rabbits were slaughtered according to Islamic Syar’i and the carcass were cutting according to the commercial cut. A completely randomized design with a 3 x 2 factorial pattern (sex and type of rabbit) was used with carcass productivity and meat physical properties as variables. Bambu apus rabbits have good carcass productivity (Carcass Percentage, Meat Bone Ratio), meat on commercial cuts (Loin and Hindleg) and carcass quality (pH, tenderness, Water Holding Capacity and cooking losses) which were the same as new zealand white rabbits and rexsi agrinak rabbits as the broiler rabbit. Bambu apus rabbits have good carcass production and carcass meat quality so they have the potential to be developed into broiler rabbits in support of urban farming programs.
Analysis of the Sustainability of Beef Cattle Breeding Business-Intensive Rearing Patterns in, Indramayu Regency, West Java
Authors: Sutrisno  , L. Cyrilla E. N. S. D.  , B. W. Putra
Published: October 2023

The increase population growth may cause an increase in the need for food originating from animal protein, one of which is meat. The demand for beef is not matched by an increase in the national cattle population or productivity. Policies on cattle breeding in the future require basic information, potential resources, and supporting facilities that are actualized in indicators and aspects of sustainability. The aim of the study was to analyze the index and status of the sustainability of a cattle breeding business with an intensive rearing pattern in Situ Bolang Indramayu, West Java, which was assessed from ecological, socio-cultural, economic, legal-institutional, and technological-infrastructure indicators. The method used is multidimensional scaling (MDS) with the Rap-UPTS approach for the analysis of index values and sustainability status. The identification of sensitive indicators, errors in index values, and sustainability in each aspect was carried out by Leverage and Monte Carlo analysis. The respondents amounted to 12 farmers. The results of the sustainability index analysis illustrate that the ecological indicators are 66.39, socio-cultural 57.14, economic 56.31, and legal-institutional 57.44, with a fairly sustainable status. In the Technology-Infrastructure Indicator 45.48, the status is less sustainable. It is necessary to increase the status of sustainability in the future, and it is necessary to make efforts to improve overall in all sensitive aspects of increasing the status of cattle breeding areas.
Effect of Concentration of Antioxidant Quercetin on Semen Quality of Boer Goat during Cold Storage using Andromed Extender
Authors: R. N. B. Athalla  , C. D. Nugraha  , Suyadi
Published: October 2023

Artificial insemination (AI) is a reproductive technology aimed at increasing livestock productivity resulting in animals with superior genetics. Storing semen at cold temperatures can damage sperm quality, one way to improve semen quality is by adding antioxidants such as Quercetin, which has been shown to have a positive effect on sperm quality. The objective of this research is to determine the effect of Quercetin on sperm quality in cold storage using Andromed extender on 5 years old Boer goat using artificial vagina. The method of this research was using Completed Randomized Design (CRD) Factoral two-factors. Variable being tested was motility, viability, abnormality and membrane integrity of spermatozoa. Data was analyze using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if there was a significant or significantly differences of treatment then continued by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Result showed that additional of quercetin and storage time had a significantly differences (P<0.01) effect on motility, viability and membrane integrity and did not have significant (P<0.05) effect on percentage of abnormality. The best result shown that additional of quercetin at 30 μM diluted with Andromed extender for 24-hour cold storage has the best treatment for semen quality.
A Study of Variation Pattern in the Progenies of an Amphiploid of Pennisetum
Authors:   Ph.D Scholar Faculty of Cylogeneticits and Palnt Breeding ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, K SREE RAMULU , B.W.X ΡΟΝΝΑΙΥA ,   Dean and professor of Cylogeneticits and Palnt Breeding ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

The study of cytogenetical behaviour of the natural polyploids and the evaluation of the breeding behaviour of their derivatives have been of particular interest to the geneticists and breeders in crops like Sorghum, Allium, Triticum, etc. The evaluation of the amphiploid progenies also throw much light on the nature of true genetic relationships (Grant, 1956). In this paper an account of morphological variation of the progenies of a colchicine induced amphiploid of F₁ of P. typhoides x P. purpureum is presented and the genetic segregation has been interpreted. The scope for the use of amphiploid progenies is indicated.
Uptake of P by Sorghum vulgare Pers. as Affected by Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application
Authors:   Professor of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, R.M SINGH , S.K PANCHOLY ,   Post Graduate Student Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

Phosphorus has long been recognised as an essential constituent of all living organisms. It performs functions in plant metabolism, structure and reproduction that cannot be performed by any other element. The amount of phosphorus present in the soil is sufficient to meet the requirement of the crop, if available in full amounts, but a larger proportion remains in fixed form and not available to the plant. Past experiments have shown that the recovery of applied phosphate is only 15-20 per cent (Grunes and Krantz, 1958).
Ideal Breeding and Selection of Sugarcane
Authors:   Sugarcane Specialist Cuddalore, C EKAMBARAM
Published: October 2023

For a long time upto 1959 breeding was being done broadly for the requirements of the Sub-Trophical Northern India, and the Tropical Southern India. Since 1959 the Indian union was divided into seven main regions according to the soil and climatic conditions, and breeding programme was re-orientated accordingly. It is therefore necessary that certain norms or guide lines should he investigated and fixed up for each region to evolve an ideal cane.
A Study of the Cyto-Nuclear Relationships in Eu-Sorghum
Authors:   Super Intendent Agricultural University, Bhavanisagar 638 541 Tamilnadu., R APPADURAI , B.W.X PONNΛΙΥΑ ,   Dean and Professor, Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

In an attempt to develop new male-sterile lines in chosen Indian Sorghum types viz. A. S. 3880 (S. roxburghii Stapf) and Co. 18 (S. subglabrescens Schweinf et Aschers) through the use of m. s. C. K. 60 (S. caffrorum Beauv, the male sterile combine Kafir-60), it was felt desirable to get a knowledge of the cyto-nuclear relationships among the types in- volved. The relationships were sought to be studied from the expression of male-fertility in various cross combinations among these varieties including C. K. 160 (S. caffrorum-Combine Kafir-60), the male-fertile, maintaining counter part of m. s. C. K. 60. The results obtained and their significance are discussed hereunder.
Influence of Forms and Doses of Phosphorus on Content and Uptake of Phosphorus in Grain and Straw of Co. 7 Ragi
Authors:   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, S.P MUSTAFA , D.J DURAIRAJ ,   Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Optimum fertilizer application to soil is one of the well-established methods for increasing crop production. But the require- nents of nutrients differ considerably for different crops and for the same crop on different soil types. Phosphorus influences plant growth and yield markedly. With the recent trends in producing high yields using nitrogenous fertilizers, crop removal of all nutrient elements, including phosphorus, increases considerably, and consequently the need arises for making substantial phosphorus applications. Phosphorus availability in individual soils by employing different phosphate carriers, was therefore investigated.
Efficacy of Organic and Inorganic Form of Phosphates on the Growth and Yield of Paddy Crop - Part I
Authors:   Research Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, PERUMAL RANI , S VARADARAJAN ,   Agricultural Chemist and Associate Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

The importance of organic matter in Agricultural system is well founded. Besides improving the soil physically, chemically and biologically, it serves as a source of readily available plant nutrients to the crop. The organic matter also serves to mobilize the soil native phosphorus and added inorganic phosphorus into readily available forms. Most of the past studies on organic matter and green manure have been made mainly as a soil amendment and as a mobilizing agent of soil phosphorus. In the present study, the result of green manuring of paddy, as a source of organic 'P' in combination with added inorganic 'P' in different proportion is presented.
A Selection Index for Lint Yield in Cotton (G. arboreum L.)
Authors:   Vegetable Specialist ,Coimbatore 641003, S KAMALANATHAN
Published: October 2023

Statistical methods in plant breeding have become a precise tool in the hands of the breeder for efficient selection of new 'forms'. The application of discriminatory statistical methods for tackling the genetical and plant breeding problems has resulted in the refinement of selection techniques. These have enabled the plant breeder to handle his material with confidence and in a thoroughly scientific manner (Panse, 1942). The formulation of selection index is an advance in this direction.. Fisher (1936) developed the discriminant function technique for the formulation of selection index. Smith (1936) was the first to apply this technique to plant breeding. Since then, it is being used for the formulation of selection indices in the improvement of crops. A study was undertaken to formulate a selection index for lint yield in cotton (G. arboreum L.) by utilising the discriminant function technique and the results are presented.
Effect of Salinity on the South Indian field Crops: Germination and Early Vigour of Ragi (Eleusine coracana Gaertn.)
Authors:   Reader in Agronomy Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, R KALIAPPAN , M RAMACHANDRAN ,   Associate Professor of Agricultural Economics ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Coimbatore  641 003, A RAJAGOPAL ,   Fundamental Research Assitant Agronomy , Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

The effect of salinity on the crop growth varies with the stage of the crops. Even crops tolerant to salinity at the later stages are highly susceptible at the stage of germination. The sensitivity of crops at the early stage results in the uneven stand of crop and poor growth of seedlings. The study of the performance of crop in the early stages under saline conditions will throw light on the future work. Generally, ragi (Eleusine coracana) is considered to be resistant crop to salinity. The study of early vigour and germination will provide useful information on the relative performance of the crop in the field. The present investigation is devoted to the study on the response of three varieties of ragi to varying levels of salinity.
A Note on the Methodological Considerations in Fitting the Cobb-Douglas Function to Data from Samples of Sugarcane Farms of Queensland-Australia
Authors:   Professor of Agronomy,College of Agriculture Dapoli, T.KT ACHARYA
Published: October 2023

The production function approach to farm management problems is undoubtedly a significant step in the direction of greater application of economic theory and statistical methods, to the problems of individual farms and groups of farms, and therefore can be considered a refinement over the traditional methods. A survey of literature, however, reveals the inadequacy of work on production functions, both in India and elsewhere. This may be due to the fact that the origin and development of this approach is more recent, or because of some of the important limitations involved in such studies, particularly those concerning farm surveys. Within the approach again, there seems to be the belief that while biological or physical production functions derived from experimental data produce more useful information on problems like fertiliser application, feed intake and milk output, feed and pork production, etc., work on farm functions appears to be as yet limited in scope. This is perhaps due to the difference in approach of the two methods, the most important of which is the fact that, while the experimentor has control over the major factor imputs in the physical functions enabling him to manipulate the quantities and types, no such thing is possible in the case of farm functions where the investigator deals, ex-post, with data produced by individual decisions of a large number of managers. The obvious result of this is the limited range to which observations can be confined in the farm functions, than would be economically allowable. To this has to be added the next important problems of the choice of a suitable form of function, which appears to be difficult at first, but is not quite so because of the limited number of the more generally accepted types of functions. This difficulty applies both to the biological function as well as farm functions. The merits and demerits of these functions are described, though briefly, by McCarthy (1959) and others in their various publications. Be that as it may, my immediate interest is the Cobb-Douglas type of production which has been used most frequently to express input-output relationships of firms, and which is the one used by me in my study of the sugarcane farms of Queensland, Australia.
Streamlining Soil Test Recommendations in Madras State - Correlation Studies Suggest the Way
Authors:   Soil in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, S VENKATACHALAM , K KHALEEL AHMED ,   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, P KRISHNAMURTHY ,   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

Soil test crop response correlation studies is recognised as the best way to select soil tests for a region in the estimation of available nutrients. In Madras State, Olsen's method is used for the estimation of available P as a result of correlation studies conducted at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, on an All-India basis. However, region- wise detailed correlation studies need be conducted in large States like Madras with widely varying soils, such as alluvial, red, black and laterite.
Studies on the Biology of Ragmus imporlunitas D. (Miridae-Hemiptera) on Sunnhemp
Authors:   Assitant Lecture in Entomology,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, M GOPALAN , M BASHEER ,   Retired Entomologist and Associate Professor of Entomology,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

In recent years the plant bug Ragmus importunitas D. (Miridae-Hemiptera) is causing extensive damage to the green-manure crop, Sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.). The damage is especially severe when the crop is grown for seed purposes. The distribution of the insect has been reported to be India, Ceylon (Hutson 1931, 1933), Java (Goot 1927, Tollenaar 1934), and Celobes (Goot 1927). In India the insect has been noted in Delhi, Nagpur, Samalkot and Madras. Considering the importance of the insect on the green-manure crop as a potent pest and as information on the biology of the insect is lacking, investigations were undertaken during 1960-61 in the Agricultural College and Research Institute, Coimbatore. Results obtained in the investigations are reported in this papег.
Studies on the use of Weedicides in the Eradication of Kikuyu grass in the Nilgiris
Authors:   Associate Professor in Botany, Agricultural College Madurai, D DANIEL SUNDARARAJ , S MADHAVA RAO ,   Assitant Botanist, Associate Professor in Botany, Agricultural College Madurai, C RAMALINGAM ,   Assitant in Botany Soil Conversation Centre Ootachamund
Published: October 2023

Kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst) is a vigourous spreading perennial pasture grass with very good soil binding characteristics, coming up well in areas of higher elevations above 5000 feet, such as on Nilgiris, Pulneys etc. Though its value as a pasture or fodder grass is undisputed, its presence in a cultivated field (as on the faces of terraces in the hills) is undesirable since it becomes a troublesome weed to eradicate, if not kept in constant check. Leaving the lands fallow for even a season or two results in the complete cover of the cultivable terraces of this grass, by means if its rapid growing underground shoot system, which goes even to depth upto 2. This makes it necessary that, for its eradication, the land should be dug upto not less than 2' depth, involving much labour and cost. It was estimated that it cost nearly Rs. 300/- per acre of level ground or Rs. 160/- per acre of cultivated terraces for the manual digging and removal of this grass. For the continued protection of the soil from the faces of the terraces in the hills, it is therefore, necessary to evolve suitable quick and economical methods of eradicating the Kikuyu grass and its replacement with other improved grasses. Chemical weedicides offer good scope in such a programme. The principles and methods of chemical weed control are dealt with in detail by Crafts and Robbins (1962). The results of a study in this direction, carried out in the hills at Ootacamund for the last two years is presented in this paper.
Study of the Alluvial Soils of Madras State II. Chemical Properties
Authors:   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, S PREMANATHAN , D JOHN DURAIRAJ ,   Reader in Soil Science Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

The importance of alluvial soils has been discussed in the previous paper (Premanathan and Durairaj, 1963). Studies of the alluvial soils during soil surveys as in the Godavari, Krishna and Tanjore deltas have been done in the composite Madras State. Although considerable work has been done on these soils in our Stale, a detailed study on the properties of the major alluviums has not so far been made. The chemical properties of these soils are presented in this paper.
Correlation of Lint Yield and its Components in Cotton (G. arboreum L.)
Authors:   Vegetable Specialist Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Coimbatore 641003, S KAMALANATHAN
Published: October 2023

For evolving selective factors for yielding capacity, plant breeders often employ such indices as ears and tillers or between grain and straw weights in cereals, and number of bolls per plant, number of seeds per boll, weight of lint per seed and ginning percentage in cotton (Panse, 1949). These selective factors are based on the correlation of characters with yield and with each other. Correlation of characters serves as a measure and forms the basis of selection index as it gives the strength of relationship between the characters studied. Correlation studies are, therefore, an important asset to the crop breeder.
Eradication of Nutgrass by killing the Tubers with 2, 4-D
Authors:   Assitant Professor of Agricultural, Bihar Agricultural College Sabour Bhagalapur, T.D SINHA , C THAKUR ,   Principal Tirhut College of Agriculture Dholi,Muzaffarpur.
Published: October 2023

Nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus L) weed is a great nuisance in cultivated fields. It is a perennial weed and reproduced vegetatively by tubers which grow in chains on rhizomes which are connected to basal bulb. In heavily infested field, the chains are found throughout the field in the first foot of soil though some times nuts have been found upto 30 inches depth. Hence it cannot be easily controlled by the usual methods of ploughing, harrowing and inter- cultivation. The use of growth-regulating chemicals as weed-killers has become common in progressive countries and a number of commercial preparations of these are now available in various forms. While broad-leaved dicot weeds can be effectively controlled with the chemical herbicides, nutgrass is very difficult to be checked on account of the aggressive spreading habit and the presence of sub- terranean tubers with a number of buds which are capable of remaining dormant for a long period.
A study on the suitability of two short duration Russian Hirsutum varieties for rice fallows in Madras State
Authors:   Cotton Assitant,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Coimbatore  641 003, H.S JAVAD HUSSAIN , A NARAYANAN ,   Cotton Assitant,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

The cultivation of P216F cotton as an off-seasonal orop in the rice fallows of Madras state is of recent origin, within the last two decades. With all its proved merits for successful utilisation of rice fallows (Balasubramanian, 1952; Iyengar et al, 1958; Neelakantan et al, 1959 and Iyemperumal et al, 1960), only a total area of 16,100 acres is estimated to be under this cotton (Fifth and Final Forecast Report 1963-64, Madras State) in the State. The progress made in this direction is reported to be not quite satisfactory (Ramachandran et al, 1960). They have, therefore, stressed the need for evolving a cotton strain shorter in duration than the present P216F cotton for a planned approach towards the problem of solving the varietal bottleneck in the cotton cultivation in wet lands after the harvest of thalady or to suit the short fallow periods in the deltaic regions. Sikka and Avtar Singh (1961) have observed that increased yields were obtained in U. S. S. R. by increasing plant population per unit area facilitated by short branch character and enrliness possessed by varieties grown there. The short branch trait with extreme earliness under our conditions is considered valuable for exploiting the advantageous habit of growth to suit the growing demand for a cotton strain earlier than P216F in the rice fallows of the State. The paper summarises the study undertaken to explore the possibility of directly introducing short branching, short duration and early maturing varieties in the rice fallows of the State.
A Note on Hybrid-Sorghum CSH. 1
Authors:   Millets Specialist,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, A SHANMUGASUNDARAM , K VENKATARAMAN ,   Assitant in Millets ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

The evolution of hybrid Sorghum CSH. 1, which has recently been released to the farmers in Madras state is a landmark in Sorghum breeding in this country. This is the first Sorghum hybrid to be officially released and Madras state had the privilege of releasing it.
Effect of Methods and Levels of Irrigation on Growth and Yield of Barley
Authors:   Agricultural Engineer (Irrigation Research), Bihar Patna, H.N PANDEY , K.K MUKHERJI ,   Assitant Agronomist, Irrigation Research Station Bikaramganj, Shahabad
Published: October 2023

Canal irrigated areas in the districts of Shahabad, Patna and Gaya are grown largely with paddy of Aman' group followed by broadcasted gram or Khesari. Gram and Khesari are grown under unirrigated conditions. Crops responsive to irrigation and manuring that can follow Aman' paddy, therefore, need to be adopted for efficient utilisation of available irrigation water during the 'Rabi' season to boost up crop production. Barley is grown over 0.4 million hectare in Bihar, the average yield of which is hardly 4.8 quintals per hectare. Introduction of barley in rotation with 'Aman paddy under irrigated condition with basal application of manure would greatly increase food production. Absence of reliable data on the methods, quantum and frequency of irrigation is a great handicap in raising a successful crop of barley after 'Aman' paddy. A properly designed experiment was, therefore, laid out to study the effect of methods and levels of irrigation on the growth and yield of barley.
The Effect of Soil Moisture on the Yields of Co. 1 and Co. 3 or Co. 19 Sorghum Strains at Coimbatore
Authors:   Assitant in Moteorology, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, C BALASUBRAMANIAN , R JANAKIRAMAN ,   Agriculture, Moteorology, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, S RANGANATHAN ,   Agriculture, Moteorology, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

Under the All India Co-ordinated Crop Weather Scheme, investigation of soil moisture in relation to growth and yield of Co. 1 and Co. 3 strains of dry sorghum was taken up from the year 1949-50 at Coimbatore. From 1959-60 Co. 19, a hybrid derivative of Co. 3 with similar plant characters, was substituted in the place of Co. 3. The soil moisture data collected for 13 years from 1951-52 to 1964-'05 (with the exception of the year 1963-64, when the crop was not raised due to non- receipt of sowing rains in July, 1963) are critically examined in this paper.