bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of CMIP6 Global Climate Models for Selecting Models for Climate Projection over Nigeria
Authors: Shiru Mohamed Sanusi , Chung Eun-Sung
Published: June 2021

This study assessed the performances of 13 GCMs of the CMIP6 in replicating precipitation and maximum and minimum temperatures over Nigeria during 1984–2014 in order to identify the best GCMs for multi model ensemble aggregation for climate projection. The study uses the monthly full reanalysis precipitation product Version 6 of Global Precipitation Climatology Centre and the maximum and minimum temperature CRU version TS v. 3.23 products of Climatic Research Unit as reference data. The study applied five statistical indices namely, normalized root mean square error, percentage of bias, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, and coefficient of determination; and volumetric efficiency. Compromise programming (CP) was then used in the aggregation of the scores of the different GCMs for the variables. Spatial assessment, probability distribution function, Taylor diagram, and mean monthly assessments were used in confirming the findings from the CP. The study revealed that CP was able to uniformly evaluate the GCMs even though there were some contradictory results in the statistical indicators. Spatial assessment of the GCMs in relation to the observed showed the highest ranked GCMs by the CP were able to better reproduce the observed properties. The least ranking GCMs were observed to have both spatially overestimated or underestimated precipitation and temperature over the study area. In combination with the other measures, the GCMs were ranked using the final scores from the CP. IPSL-CM6A-LR, NESM3, CMCC-CM2-SR5, and ACCESS-ESM1-5 were the highest ranking GCMs for precipitation. For maximum temperature, INM.CM4-8, BCC-CSM2-MR, MRI-ESM2-0, and ACCESS-ESM1-5 ranked the highest while AWI-CM-1-1-MR, IPSL-CM6A-LR, INM.CM5-0, and CanESM5 ranked the highest for minimum temperature.
Prognostic Value of PD-L1 Expression on Immune Cells or Tumor Cells for Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Huang Ta-Chen , Liang Cher-Wei , Li Yu-I , Guo Jhe-Cyuan , Lin Chia-Chi , Chen Ya-Jhen , Cheng Ann-Lii , Hsu Chih-Hung
Published: June 2021

Purpose Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression may influence the prognosis of patients with localized esophageal cancer. The current study compared the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression between tumor cells and immune cells. Methods Archival esophageal tumor tissue samples were collected from patients who received paclitaxel and cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in 3 prospective phase II trials. PD-L1 expression on tumor and immune cells was examined immunohistochemically by using the SP142 antibody and scored by 2 independent pathologists. The association of PD-L1 expression with patients’ outcomes was analyzed using a log-rank test and Cox regression multivariate analysis. Results A total of 100 patients were included. PD-L1 expression on tumor cells was positive (≥1%, TC-positive) in 55 patients; PD-L1 expression on immune cells was high (≥5%, IC-high) in 30 patients. TC-positive status was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.63, P = .035), whereas IC-high status was associated with improved OS (HR: 0.44, P = .0024). Multivariate analysis revealed that TC-positive, IC-high, and performance status were independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival and that IC-high and performance status were independent factors for OS. Furthermore, the combination of IC-high and TC-negative status was associated with the optimal OS, whereas that of TC-positive and IC-low status was associated with the worst OS. Conclusion PD-L1 expression on tumor and immune cells may have different prognostic value for patients with locally advanced ESCC receiving neoadjuvant CRT. A combination of these 2 indexes may further improve the prognostic prediction.
“I Need the Company of My Peers”: A Mixed-method Study Among Community-dwelling Elderly in China Running Title: I Need the Company of My Peers
Authors: Fu Jingjing , Huang Jinyu , Hong Yan , Liu Siqi , Zhong Zhu , Kong Dehui , Tan Jing , Luo Yu
Published: June 2021

Background: To study the importance of peers in Chinese older adults’ lives and explore their peer interaction perceptions. Methods: A mixed-methods study was undertaken among the community-dwelling elderly in Chongqing, China. First, a self-administered nomination survey was carried out (n=340) to detect current peer network features. Second, we conducted semi-structured interviews (n=19) to explore the experience and perspectives on peer interaction of the elderly. Results: 67.10% of social network members who have the most contact with participants were peers, and 85.47% of these peers were within the age difference of 10 years old compared with participants. In the interview, three themes were revealed: motivation, preference and barriers, and impact of peer interaction on the individual's health.Conclusions: Peers make up the vast majority of Chinese older people’s social networks. Older people’s preference for the company of peers deserves greater attention and community support to improve their health and well-being.
Comparative Analysis of Small Moleclues and Natural Plants Compounds as Therapeutic Inhibitors Targeting RdRp and Nucleocapsid Proteins of SARS CoV 2: An in Silico Approach
Authors: POLEBOYINA PAVAN KUMAR
Published: June 2021

Nucleocapsid protein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity in viral structural membrane, transcription and replication has been recognized as an attractive target to design novel antiviral strategies. The essential feature of the N protein of SARS COV 2 is to bind to the viral genome to promote the exact folding of the hammerhead ribozyme averting unproductive RNA confirmations and lead them to right into a helical capsid shape or RNP complex, whose packaging is crucial to viability. RdRp is an essential enzyme that helps in RNA synthesis by catalyzing the RNA template-dependent development of phosphodiester bonds. RdRp makes a complex with two cofactors nsp7 and nsp8 to play a key role in RNA synthesis, transcription and replication of the SARS-CoV-2. In our study we used small molecules and natural plants compounds as therapeutic inhibitors targeting RdRp and N proteins of SARS COV 2. Their structures were geometrically optimized and energetically minimized using Hyperchem software. Molecular docking was performed using Molegro virtual docker and top ligands were selected based on MolDock score,Rerank score and H-bonding energy. Our results showed that 9 compounds against N protein and 7 compounds against RdRp protein forming better inhibitory effect with most lowest MolDock score − 285.68kcal/mol and − 201.5kcal/mol respectively. we hope that these small molecules and natural plants compounds can inhibit the viral enzymes and helps the patients in reducing specific symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However in vivo experimental studies and clinical trials need to get that more favorable result.
Do geopolitical tensions instigate mindless following in stock markets? An empirical enquiry into the indices of CNX Nifty HFT
Authors: T. A. Krishna , B. Suresha
Published: June 2021

Geopolitical tensions between nations play a crucial role in triggering volatility and affecting the investors’ behavior in stock markets. This empirical work attempts to detect the traces of herding and bubble embedded in the Indian stock indices of CNX Nifty 50 and CNX Nifty 100 (both in High-Frequency Trading domains) during the latest events of geopolitical tensions escalated between India-China and India-Pakistan. An event window approach is employed to capture the impact of these events on herding behavior and information uncertainty in the considered stock indices. Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MFDFA) is applied to compute the Hurst value in all the trading days of the event window. The results of both indices exhibit conclusive evidence of herding and bubble formation during the overall period of geopolitical tensions between India-China and India-Pakistan. However, the degree of herding in the stock indices intensifies to a profound pattern when the tensions between India and China escalated into deadly violent clashes, and also during the heightened tensions between India and Pakistan that eventually ended up in airstrikes across the boundaries. The overall level of information uncertainty depicted by entropy is within control. The volatility in these stock indices has been confirmed to follow a unidirectional pattern.
AcknowledgementsThe authors express their sincere thanks of gratitude to Dr. Bikramaditya Ghosh (Professor, Department of Finance and Analytics, RV Institute of Management, Bangalore, India) for his instrumental role in encouraging and motivating them to accomplish this research task. The authors also extend their sincere thanks to Dr. Manu K.S. (Assistant Professor, School of business and management, CHRIST (Deemed to be university), Bangalore, India) for his continued support throughout this empirical investigation.
Assessing the impact of higher education competitiveness on the level of socio-economic development of a country
Authors: Chentukov Yurii , Omelchenko Volodymyr , Zakharova Olha , Nikolenko Tamara
Published: June 2021

The study is devoted to the investigation of the educational determinants as components in shaping the level of socio-economic development of countries around the world, including assessment of the impact of national higher education system development indicators on the determinants of economic development, in particular macroeconomic, innovation, and technology determinants.Based on the grouping of 50 countries, a matrix of relationships between the Universitas 21 index and global competitiveness index was constructed. It is determined that despite the close correlation between the indices as a whole (0.96), there is a certain differentiation of influence in groups. The high impact of education on global competitiveness (0.76) was found in the group of countries with a medium level of competitiveness, moderate impact (0.54) – in the group of highly competitive countries, weak impact (0.38) – in the group of countries with a low level of competitiveness. Based on the correlation-regression analysis, the study proposes a structural-logical graph of the relationship between educational and economic indicators and quantifies it accordingly. The results show that the level of higher education competitiveness is closely correlated with such indicators as the level of global innovation development (0.8 over the period 2012-2020), the level of the knowledge intensity of GDP (0.73), and the level of socio-economic development (0.75). The results will allow changes in education indicators to be taken into account in the context of their impact on economic development and global development strategies.
Strategizing of Light Industry and Fashion Businesses in the Emerging-market countries
Authors: Khvorostyanaya Anna
Published: June 2021

According to global forecasts, emerging-market countries have a more rapidly developing consumption rate than developed economies. Their global consumption share will continue to grow in the nearest future. Large industrial enterprises have the best competitive position to focus their products and services emerging-market countries because they have strong brands as well as high-quality customer service, hi-tech innovations and infrastructure. Such emerging-market countries as China, India, and Brazil provide strategic opportunities for long-term development. Successful expansion into the emerging-market countries profit margins, asset turnover, and geographic diversification in the long run. The research objective was to study the strategy development of light industry and fashion businesses in emerging-market countries. The paper introduces an in-depth OTSW-analysis of strategic opportunities and trends. The author emphasizes the role of fashion strategizing as an effective tool that makes it possible to take into account industrial characteristics. The research results can help to strategize the national brand “Made in Kuzbass” in emerging-market countries, thus contributing to the global image of Kuzbass.
Efficient trapping of cesium ions in water by titanate nanosheets: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Lin Luyao , Li Ye , Wan Jie , Liu Cong , Wang Xiaoli , Yin Yixin
Published: June 2021

In recent years, TNS has attracted wide attention because of its simplicity in synthesis and high efficiency in ion exchange. The adsorption of cesium ions in aqueous solution by TNS was investigated in this study. Results show that the removal rate of Cs (I) is about 88% when pH = 5.00 ± 0.05, C0 = 10 ppm and CTNS = 0.1 g/L. The adsorption equilibrium is reached in about 20 minutes and best fits the pseudo-second order model, R2 = 0.9998; compared with the Freundlich isotherm adsorption model and Temkin model, the Langmuir model has the best fitting effect, R2 = 0.9903. The fitting results show the maximum adsorption capacity of TNS for Cs (I) is 200.00 mg/g. The main adsorption mechanism of TNS to cesium ion is ion exchange. Therefore, TNS can be used as a potential adsorbent for effectively adsorbing Cs-containing wastewater.
Preliminary evaluation of the role of activated carbon in soil/water remediation
Authors:   JSC ENPO “Neorganica”, Russia, Mukhin Viktor , Koroleov Nikolai ,   JSC “TopFarm”, Russia, Mednyak Valentina , Lupascu Tudor ,   Institute of Chemistry, Moldova, Culighin Elena
Published: June 2021

This paper presents brief scientific information concerning the role of activated carbons (AC) in solving economic and ecological problems in our society. Data concerning synthesis and adsorption of new activated carbons, used for soil remediation and wastewater treatment are depicted. The findings of investigations aimed to compare the structure parameters and adsorption capacities of the newly obtained native activated carbons in comparison with several activated carbon marks known in the world are explained. It has been shown that currently synthesized activated carbons are competitive with foreign marks.
Removal of crystal violet from aqueous solutions using an aerobic granular sludge system
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Bumbac Costel , Manea Elena Elisabeta , Tiron Olga
Published: June 2021

The paper presents a set of comparative tests to evaluate the inhibitory effect of crystal violet on the respiration rate of microorganisms in conventional activated sludge and aerobic granular sludge. The tests were performed in similar conditions with the only variable of the type of sludge tested. The results emphasized that the aerobic granular sludge is less susceptible to the toxicity induced by crystal violet. The concentration of crystal violet that inhibits by 50% (CE50) the respiration rate of sludge microorganisms was determined to be, for the specific test conditions, 22.39 mg/L for the conventional activated sludge and 33.88 mg/L for the aerobic granular sludge. The paper also assesses the biodegradability potential of crystal violet from aqueous solution, in the presence of sodium acetate as co-substrate in a lab-scale sequential biological reactor with aerobic granular sludge. The experiments showed that most of the crystal violet is being initially absorbed in the matrix of the granules during the first minutes and subsequently is being removed with efficiencies above 95% within a treatment cycle of 8 hours.
Statistical evaluation of mineral water from Valcea County area through quality indices
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Draghici Mihaiela , Popescu Luisa Roxana , Spinu Narcis Claudiu , Manea Catalin , Serban Gabriel Valentin
Published: June 2021

Significant global consumption of mineral water is fueled by perceived therapeutic and medicinal qualities, cultural habits and taste. In Valcea County are several resorts with such mineral springs, which can have multiple benefits for human health. For this reason, it is important to investigate the level of their pollution with heavy metals. The aim of this study was to detect the level of heavy metals present in the studied mineral waters, to evaluate the analytical results using environmental statistical indices, and to compare the results with the legislation in force. Thus, mineral water samples were collected from three resorts of Valcea County (Baile Olanesti, Calimanesti-Caciulata and Baile Govora). The analyzed metals (Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were determined with the ICP-EOS technique and the obtained results were compared to enforce legislation. Statistical analyses were applied and two environmental statistical indices, namely the metal distribution coefficient (kd) and the total environmental risk index (IER) were evaluated. The calculated values for the total environmental risk index were below 0 (IER ≤ 0), which indicates that none of the studied water samples pose a risk for the environment. The low values of the distribution coefficient indicate a low ability to bind the metal in particles and therefore, insignificant toxicity. The distribution coefficient calculated for zinc (1.12 L/kg) and lead (0.68 L/kg) in Baile Olanesti indicates a high capacity of the metals to bind in particles, compared to other metals.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Autophagy-related lncRNAs in Esophageal
Carcinoma
Authors: Fan JunBai , Wu Dan , Ding Yi
Published: June 2021

Background:

Esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is a malignant tumor with high
invasiveness and mortality. Autophagy has multiple roles in the development of cancer; however,
there are limited data on autophagy genes associated with long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in
ESCA. The purpose of this study was to screen potential diagnostic and prognostic molecules and
to identify gene co-expression networks associated with autophagy in ESCA.

Methods:

We downloaded transcriptome expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas and
autophagy-related gene data from the Human Autophagy Database, and analyzed the co-expression
of mRNAs and lncRNAs. In addition, the diagnostic and prognostic value of autophagy-related
lncRNAs was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of
Genes and Genomes analysis was carried out for high-risk patients, and enriched pathways were
analyzed by gene set enrichment analysis.

Results:

The results showed that genes of high-risk patients were enriched in protein export and
spliceosome. Based on Cox stepwise regression and survival analysis, we identified seven
autophagy-related lncRNAs with prognostic and diagnostic value, with the potential to be used as a
combination to predict the prognosis of patients with ESCA. Finally, a co-expression network
related to autophagy was constructed.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that autophagy-related lncRNAs and the spliceosome play
important parts in the pathogenesis of ESCA. Our findings provide new insight into the molecular
mechanism of ESCA and suggest a new method for improving its treatment.
Hemp Seeds, Flaxseed, and Açaí Berries: Health Benefits and Nutritional
Importance with Emphasis on the Lipid Content
Authors: Magalhães Pedro , Domingues Rosário M. , Alves Eliana
Published: June 2021

Some plant seeds and berries have gained increased recognition due to their wide
variety of bioactive compounds. Many of these foods are rich in lipids with high nutritional
value, of which n-3 and n-6 essential fatty acids stand out. However, knowledge of the chemical
composition and biological activity of these compounds and their value as a source of
healthy lipids is far from being fully explored.
The benefits of the intake of hemp seeds, flaxseed, and açaí berries, considered functional
foods, have been compiled in this review. Likewise, their general chemical composition will be
described to evaluate their relevance in a healthy diet, highlighting their lipid components and
health lipid indices.
The fibres and essential fatty acids of hemp seeds and flaxseed and the antioxidant properties
of açaí berries provide them protective roles against several chronic non-communicable diseases
and represent significant beneficial effects that add value to these healthy natural products.
More research is needed to deepen the knowledge on their lipids’ molecular composition and
bioactivity.
Withdrawal Notice: Identification of Five Hub Genes Associated with Progression Development and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma Identified by Co-expression Analysis
Authors: Chen Sangsang , Zhu Xuqing , Zheng Jing , Xu Tingting , Xu Yinmin , Chen Feng
Published: June 2021

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Synergistic Role of Thymoquinone on Anticancer Activity of 5-Fluorouracil in Triple
Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Zheng Meiling , Mei Zhiqiang , Junaid Md. , Tania Mousumi , Fu Junjiang , Chen Han-Chun , Khan Md. Asaduzzaman
Published: June 2021

Background:

Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is considered as the most deadly subtype of breast
cancer, because of heterogeneity, less treatment options and resistance to chemotherapy.

Objective:

To find out an efficient chemotherapeutic options, in this study we have investigated the combined therapy
of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and thymoquinone (TQ) against TNBC cell lines BT-549 and MDA-MB-231.

Methods:

We have tested 5-FU and TQ alone and in combination (5-FU + TQ) to observe the cellular growth, cell
cycle and apoptosis status of BT-549 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Also we have measured the mRNA level expression of
genes related to cell cycle and apoptosis.

Results:

Experimental results suggest that both of 5-FU and TQ are effective in controlling cell growth, cell cycle and
inducing apoptosis, but their combination is much more effective. 5-FU was found to be more effective in controlling
cell growth, while TQ was found to be more effective in inducing apoptosis, but in both cases, their combination was
most effective. TQ was found more effective in increasing and BAX/BCL-2 ratio, while 5-FU was more effective in
inhibiting thymidylate synthase. They showed significant increasing effects on caspases and P53 and decreasing effect
on CDK-2, where their combination was found most effective.

Conclusions:

Thus, TQ and 5-FU probably showed synergistic effect on both of cell cycle and apoptosis of tested
TNBC cell lines. Our study reveals that TQ can synergise 5-FU action, and increase its anticancer efficiency against
TNBC cells, which might be good choice in drug development for TNBC treatment.
ConA-Coated Liposomes as a System to Delivery β-Lapachone to Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Magalhães Nereide Stela Santos , Lira-Nogueira Mariane , Franca Larissa , Ferraz Milena , Barros Maria Clara , Gibson Victor , Xavier-Júnior Francisco Humberto
Published: June 2021

Background:

Target treatment using site-specific nanosystems is a hot topic for treating several diseases,
especially cancer.

Objective:

The study was set out to develop site-specific liposomes using ConcanavalinA (ConA) to target β-
lapachone(β-lap) to human breast cancer cells.

Methods:

Liposomes were prepared and characterized according to diameter size, zeta potential, ConA conjugation(%)
and β-lap encapsulation efficiency (%). Isothermal Titration Calorimetry evaluated the binding energy between the
biomolecules, which compose of the liposomes. ConA avidity was assessed before and after conjugation. Cytotoxicity
was evaluated, and fluorescence microscopy was performed to investigate the influence of ConA influenced on MCF-7
uptake.

Results:

Uncoated and ConA-coated liposomes presented size, and zeta potential values from 97.46 ± 2.01 to 152.23 ±
2.73 nm, and -6.83 ± 0.28 to -17.23 ±0.64 mV, respectively. Both ConA conjugation and β-lap encapsulation efficiency
were approximately 100%. The favorable and spontaneous process confirmed the binding between ConA and the
lipid. Hemagglutination assay confirmed ConA avidity once Lipo-ConA and Lipo-PEG-ConA were able to hemagglutinate
the red blood cells at 128-1 and 256-1, respectively. Lipo-ConA was not cytotoxic, and the site-specific liposomes
presented the highest toxicity. ConA-coated liposomes were more internalized by MCF7 than uncoated-liposomes.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the presence of ConA on the surface of liposomes influenced MCF7 uptake, in that way could
be used as a promising site-specific system to target β-lap to cancer cells.
In Vitro and In Silico Determination of Some N-ferrocenylmethylaniline Derivatives as Anti-Proliferative Agents Against MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Zegheb Nadjiba , Boubekri Cherifa , Lanez Touhami , Lanez Elhafnaoui , Küçükkılınç Tuba Tüylü , Öz Esin , Khennoufa Ali , Khamouli Saida , Belaidi Salah
Published: June 2021

Background:

Since the binding of estradiol to its receptor promotes breast cancer cell proliferation (in the
ER+ tumours), many molecules targeting this protein have been synthesized to counteract the estradiol action. Ferrocene
derivatives have proved their efficiency against hormone-dependent breast cancer cells (MCF-7).

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to find new ferrocene derivatives having pharmacochemistry properties as potential
drugs against human breast cancer cells.

Methods:

A series of 29 N-ferrocenylmethylaniline derivatives A0-A28 were synthesised, and their anti-proliferative
activity against both hormone-dependent (MCF-7) and independent (MDA-MB 231) human breast cancer cell lines
were performed using the MTT test. Molecular docking and drug-likeness prediction were also performed for the five
most active derivatives towards MCF-7. A QSAR model was also developed for the perdition of the anti-proliferative
activity against MCF-7 cell lines using molecular descriptors and MLR analysis.

Results:

All studied derivatives demonstrated better cytotoxicity against MCF-7 compared to the MDA-MB-231 cell
lines, and compounds A2, A9, A14, A17 and A27 were the most potent ones but still less active than the standard anticancer
drug, crizotinib. The QSAR study revealed good predictive ability, as shown by R2
cv = 0.848.

Conclusion:

In vitro and in silico results indicated that derivatives A2, A9, A14, A17, and A27 possess the highest
anti-proliferative activity; these results can be used to design more potent N-ferrocenylmethylaniline derivatives as
anti-proliferative agents.
Analysis of Contributing Factors Enhancing Rural Transportation System: A Case Study of South-Eastern Provinces of Vietnam
Authors: Hai Dinh Tuan , Quyet Nguyen Xuan
Published: June 2021

Background:

Under-developed countries like Vietnam are facing sustainability problems in developing transportation infrastructure for rural and remote areas. The lack of financial resources and public support is the causative factor of the problem. Rural community participation is considered crucial to resolving these problems. Even demographics strongly influenced, but how they should interact with community participation is still under study in the South-eastern provinces of Vietnam.

Methods:

South-eastern provinces of Vietnam, including HoChiMinh City and BaRia-VungTau, BinhDuong, BinhPhuoc, DongNai and TayNinh provinces, were selected for the study due to the high requirement of rural transportation infrastructure in these provinces. Questionnaires were sent to local households for data collection. Data analysis was conducted descriptively with the model of logistic regression.

Results:

Community participation is identified as contributions in terms of finance, labor, material, and land. Household composition, education, income, and a member in the household as a community leader are among the chief contributing factors to community participation.

Conclusion:

The study can be beneficial for policymakers and local governors in planning and predicting local rural development programs. It aims to enhance rural community participation and increase rural transportation infrastructure in the South-eastern provinces of Vietnam.
Оптический эффект в магнитных эмульсиях при воздействии магнитного поля
Authors: Белых С.С. , Ерин К.В.
Published: June 2021

Исследованы особенности магнитооптического эффекта изменения прозрачности в магнитной эмульсии с низким межфазным натяжением. Произведена интерпретация эффекта на основе приближения аномальной дифракции. Установлены характерные времена воздействия поля, при которых на оптический эффект не влияют процессы коалесценции и структурирования образца. Определено время релаксации эффекта и произведено сопоставление результатов с расчетами по механизмам малых деформаций микрокапель и вращательной броуновской диффузии. Ключевые слова: магнитные эмульсии, изменение прозрачности, аномальная дифракция, деформация микрокапель, ориентированные структуры.
Digital Community Inclusion of Individuals With Serious Mental Illness: A National Survey to Map Digital Technology Use and Community Participation Patterns in the Digital Era
Authors: Shpigelman Carmit Noa , Tal Amir , Zisman-Ilani Yaara
Published: June 2021

Background

Despite the growing interest in developing and using mobile health (mHealth) and digital technologies in mental health, little is known about the scope and nature of virtual community inclusion.

Objective

The overarching goal of this study was to understand and conceptualize virtual community inclusion of individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). Specific objectives of this study were as follows: (1) mapping the prevalence, trends, and experiences related to mHealth and digital technology use among individuals with SMI; (2) comparing patterns of technology use by individuals with and those without SMI; and (3) examining whether use of mHealth and digital technologies predicts recovery among individuals with SMI.

Methods

A web-based survey of technology use and virtual participation was developed and distributed among adults with and those without SMI via social media, national email discussion lists, nonprofit organizations, and advocacy groups.

Results

A total of 381 adults aged 18 years or older participated in the survey, of whom 199 (52%) identified as having a SMI. Participants with SMI reported significantly greater access to technology and significantly fewer days of face-to-face participation in community activities than those without SMI. Among participants with SMI, greater technology use was positively associated with positive emotions and significantly predicted recovery.

Conclusions

This study is the first to explore, map, and conceptualize virtual community inclusion among adults with SMI. Our findings indicate a gap in the literature and research on community inclusion and participation, and emphasize the need for virtual community inclusion, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic and its future implications.
Pulmonary lesions in visceral toxocariasis in children in the phthisiatric practice (clinical case)
Authors: Raznatovska O.M. , Mironchuk Yu.V.
Published: June 2021

Background. The clinical and radiological picture of pulmonary tuberculosis has many common features with a large number of diseases. Therefore, differential diagnosis is very important when detecting tuberculosis. The purpose of the work: on the example of a clinical case to present the complexity of the differential diagnosis between pulmonary lesion in visceral toxocariasis and tuberculosis in children. Results. The child was diagnosed with an infiltrate in the third segment of the left lung with lesions of the intrathoracic lymph nodes, which is characteristic of the primary tuberculosis. The volatility of the infiltrate was not determined. All general blood test hadn’t shown an increase in eosinophils and white blood cells. According to the literature data, the appearance of persistent and prolonged eosinophilia with the development of eosinophilic leukemoid reactions of the blood, an increase in the level of leukocytes are the main and one of the constant manifestations of toxocariasis. The child was diagnosed with moderate hepatomegaly, which is characteristic for both diseases. The patient was registered at a pediatric tuberculosis clinic due to a shift in tuberculin tests. At the time of hospitalization, there were not reasons to suspect visceral toxocariasis. Due to the examination data, first of all the absence of bacterial excretion and negative tuberculin tests, and the presence in the child’s house of the dogs and cats, it was decided to recommend the consultation of the infectionist to exclude any parasitic disease. At the end, the correct diagnosis was established in this child at time and the necessary treatment was prescribed. Conclusions. This clinical case demonstrates the difficulties of differential diagnosis of visceral toxocariasis in lung lesion and tuberculosis. First of all, this is due to the asymptomatic clinical picture of toxocariasis, the diagnosis of which was established by X-ray data, blood test for IgG antibodies to Toxocara and epidemiological history. Given the fact that toxocariasis includes a large spectrum of masks of various diseases, and children who are infected by Toxocara do not have specific clinical symptoms, doctors should remember to prescribe the additional examination for the presence of parasitic diseases, including toxocariasis, especially if pets live in the child’s home.
MicroRNA biogenesis. Part 2. Formation of mature miRNAs. Maturation of non-canonical miRNAs
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Babуch V.L.
Published: June 2021

The scientific review presents the biogenesis of miRNAs. To write the article, information was searched using databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka. The article shows the stages of formation of mature miRNAs. It is noted that duplex RNAs resulting from DICER-mediated cleavage interact with Argonaute (AGO) proteins to form an effector RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). It is shown that the deficiency of AGO proteins leads to a significant decrease in the amount of miRs, and overexpression of AGO proteins is accompanied by an increase in the level of miRs. The main stages of assembling a fully functional RISC are presented. The first stage is the loading of duplex miRs on AGO proteins. The second stage is the promotion of duplex miRs. Human diseases associated with processing disorders in the cytoplasm of the cell are presented. Numerous alternative mechanisms involved in the formation of functionally active miRs are is characterized. There are three classes of mirtrons: typical mirtrons, 5’-tailed mirtrons and 3’-tailed mirtrons. Endogenous csRNAs resemble Drosha-independent synthetic csRNAs used to experimentally induce gene knockout. Chimeric hairpins of non-canonical miR genes are transcribed in tandem or as a part of another type of small RNA gene. Thus, the formation of mature miRs occurs due to the formation of the RISC complex. The core of the RISC complex consists of microRNA, AGO and protein with a trinucleotide repeat 6. Loading dsRNA on AGO proteins and subsequent promotion of duplex RNA are the main stages of assembly of a fully functional RISC. Disorders of processing in the cytoplasm of the cell are associated with the development of some human diseases. There are alternative mechanisms involved in the formation of functionally active miRs: mirtrons, endogenous short RNAs containing hairpins, chimeric hairpins.
Serum WNT-induced secreted protein 1 level as a potential biomarker for thyroid nodules
Authors: Duman Gulhan , Sariakcali Baris
Published: June 2021

Background. Thyroid nodule (TN) is a common thyroid disease worldwide, and it has increased significantly last decades. Most TNs are usually incidental findings of asymptomatic, benign lesions discovered by imaging modalities performed for reasons unrelated to thyroid diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of serum WNT-induced secreted protein 1 (WISP1) level as a supporting biomarker to perform differential diagnosis of benign and non-benign thyroid nodules. Materials and methods. The study was completed with the 89 patients undergone fine needle aspiration biopsy and 43 controls. The patients were composed of 96 (72.7%) females and 36 (27.3%) males. And they were divided into 2 group according to the Bethesda cytological evaluation as Benign (Bethesda 2) and Non-Benign (Bethesda 3–6) groups. Their serum WISP1 levels were measured by an ELISA method. Results. There were 58 (43.9%) patients in Benign (Bethesda 2) and 31 (23.5%) in non-Benign (Bethesda 3–6) groups. In the contrary nodule size was bigger in the Non-benign group than that benign group (p=0.006). The serum WISP1 level in the Benign (Bethesda 2) group was significantly higher than that in the and Non-Benign (Bethesda 3–6) group, and controls (p<0). The difference between benign and non-benign group accordingly to their echogenicitiy was significant (p<0.05). In benign group there was 76.9% mixed echoic nodules, 76.7% isoechoic nodules 68.4% isohypoechoic nodules and 35.7% hypoechoic nodules. In the non-benign group, the highest hypoechoic echo (64.3%), the least mixed echo (23.1%), while in the benign group, the most mixed echo (76.9%), the least hypoechoic echo (35.7%) was present. There was no relation between WISP1 levels and echogenicity with Kruskal-Wallis H test. Conclusions. According to the preliminary results of current study, addition of serum WISP1 measurement to the differential diagnostic work-up of thyroid nodules patients may provide supportive information. Inthyroid nodules patients with Benign (Bethesda 2) category of cytological evaluation, a higher level of serum WISP1 may support cytological diagnosis.
A rational approach to the prevention ofthromboembolic complications in the surgical treatment of complicated forms ofcholelithiasis in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Khimich S.D. , Muraviov F.T.
Published: June 2021

Background. It is known from scientific sources that a significant proportion of complications of liver cirrhosis is associated with negative impact of this pathology on the coagulation system. According to many scientists, liver cirrhosis in most cases poses a risk of developing both thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. Objective: to identify a rational approach to the prevention of thromboembolic complications in the surgical treatment of complicated forms of cholelithiasis in patients with cirrhosis. Materials and methods. We retrospectively analyzed the hospital records of 62 patients who were treated for complicated forms of cholelithiasis with verified liver cirrhosis for the period from 2005 to 2018. The distribution of patients by nosology was as follows: acute calculous cholecystitis— 48 patients, Mirizzi syndrome— 7, choledocholithiasis— 7. Results. Based on a comparative analysis of two groups, the risk of intraoperative bleeding in patients with preoperative prophylaxis was higher (3cases— 8.1 %), with a blood loss of more than 400 ml. Hematomas of postoperative wounds were observed in 5 cases in group 1 and in one case in group 2. In the group of preoperative prophylaxis, portal vein thrombosis (n = 1), thrombosis of small branches of the pulmonary artery (n = 1), and deep vein thrombosis of the leg (n = 1) developed. No such complications were observed in the group with postoperative prophylaxis. Conclusions. The decision on the prevention of thromboembolic complications in this category of patients should be balanced and include an assessment of the risks of developing both hemorrhagic disorders and complications associated with thrombosis.
Morphological manifestations of irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Stepanov Yu.M. , Budzak I.Ya. , Gaidar Yu.A.
Published: June 2021

The article presents modern data on morphological changes in the intestinal mucosa in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. There were analyzed the studies of different years on the morphological manifestations of irritable bowel syndrome. It has been shown that this pathology has an unusual low-grade inflammation. Mast cells play an important role in these inflammatory disorders, they have an effect on motility disorders, visceral hypersensitivity and other pathogenetic factors of irritable bowel syndrome. Disorders of intercellular tight junctions in this category of patients were also analyzed. The role of proteins involved in intercellular contacts (occludin, claudin, ZO) has been characterized. An analysis of the studies investigating these disorders has been carried out. The article provides examples of the analysis of biopsies in patients with irritable bowel syndrome using various methods of their assessment.
El espejo de Atenea, un acercamiento a la metáfora de la visión en María Zambrano
Authors: Bernárdez-Zapata Mariana
Published: June 2021

Behind the curious gaze, fear will always occupy a place to re-ignite the desiring flame, as fire that does not feed on fire, but on wind; thereby, in the hall of astonishment and love, the ones that seem opposite run the universal machinery and rekindle each thing that can be called Nature. As another weaver, Mariana Bernárdez recreates this plot based on two important discursive lines by María Zambrano: Athena’s unveiled gaze before Medusa’s in Medusa y El espejo de Atenea. It is by this way that she manages to confront ourselves with an almost petrifying idea of what implies to peek into the knowledge window and face the fractality drawn by a mirror in front of another: incomprehensible due to its infinite and divine virtue, being the root of universe.
La invención de Hong Kong: una isla, varios sistemas
Authors: Loyde Monserrat
Published: June 2021

The text succinctly narrates the history of Hong Kong from its origins to the present, describing it as a victim of historical and geographical circumstances. Being a territorial extension and an administrative region of the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong finds itself between an authoritarian policy and an uncertain future, as British rule legacy, as well as under the constitutional principle One country, two systems with an expiry date to the year 2047.
Moreover, the national identity deficit has led the people of Hong Kong, who enjoy civil liberties in their semi-autonomous condition with regard to the executive government, to a state of widespread discontent and crisis concerning the notion of democracy, autonomy, education, patriotism, national security and economic system.
Las revistas literarias y culturales latinoamericanas como laboratorios de la vanguardia
Authors: Mata Rodolfo
Published: June 2021

The text explores the sixteen essays included in the book Laboratorios de lo nuevo from the artistic Avant-garde where the concept of “what is new” is understood as “what is ultra”, “what is strident”, “what is created”, which invites to perform different multidisciplinary artistic experiments. Consequently, Avant-garde magazines have been considered as art objects, hence the importance of their rediscovery and study.
Oriundos y peregrinos
Authors: López-Romo Jonathan
Published: June 2021

As a starting point, the texts makes use of two complementary words: natives and pilgrims, to transit through two types of migration made by the Spaniards into Mexico in the 20th century. The latter depicted within two diverse literary works: Oriundos by Fernando Fernández and the facsimile of the magazine España peregrina.
The text inspires to travel to and to think about a shared past, almost unknown at present, in which the duality migration-scape surrounds the relationship between Mexico and Spain during the 20th century with the occasion of the anniversary of the 80 years of the Spanish exile as a cultural referent.
La cultura digital y la literatura
Authors: Terrazo-Pereda Fernando Didier
Published: June 2021

The Centre of Digital Culture (CDC) is posed as a physical and virtual space to inhabit, apprehend, and experiment digital technology in connection with culture.
This text is the result of the interaction between poetic research and digital poetry proposals, an advance how far the visual-literary experimentation has come or how digital elements have been incorporated into the literature, and vice versa.
Un acercamiento neurocientífico a la relatividad lingüística
Authors: Pérez-Gay-Juárez Fernanda
Published: June 2021

Between the 1920s and the 1950s, linguists Benjamin Whorf and Edward Sapir shaped a hypothesis that suggests that the world we perceive is distorted by the language we speak: We see the world through a linguistic filter. This hypothesis has been interpreted and discussed countless times in the last fifty years from anthropology, sociology, linguistics and cognitive science. To Whorf, the words of our language determine the way we see the world: in the case of the rainbow, the bands of different colors that emerge from the light continuum would actually be a product of the way in which we have subdivided and named the spectrum. Color discrimination is a bad example of this theory, since it is not the result of linguistic but innate filters -product of biological mechanisms in our retinas and brains. But the “rainbow” phenomenon is relevant as an example of Categorical Perception, in which categories determine or distort our perception beyond mere physical differences: we see two shades of red that are 100 nm apart as the most similar than one shade of red and a shade of yellow at the same distance on the spectrum. Even if colors are innate categories, most of the words in our language are the names of categories that we learn through experience. The question then is if learning these categories generates changes in our perception like those that occur with the colors of the rainbow. Supported by methods that measure brain activity before, during and after learning new categories and their names, cognitive neuroscience brings new elements to study linguistic relativity from a scientific perspective. This essay recounts these approaches in order to stimulate multidisciplinary dialogues around this controversial hypothesis.
Dos visiones de la misma peste
Authors: González-Torres Armando
Published: June 2021

Initially, the text addresses the recurrent epidemic outbreaks throughout human history as a constant problem, not only of health, but also as a terrible issue within social structure. The review locates literature as a fundamental element for the re-creation of epidemic recognizing in this way, the constant actions to mitigate and control them and, also, to distinguish the acts of social groups with various purposes. The second part, the most important, reflects deeply on the diaries of two English writers: Samuel Pepys, enriched in and with the plague, and Daniel Defoe, who had greater concerns in almost all cultural spheres, about the epidemic that struck London.