bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dietary modification for prevention and control of high blood pressure
Authors: Tse Yiu-Hei , Tuet Choi-Yee , Lau Kui-Kai , Tse Hung-Fat
Published: June 2023

Hypertension (HT) remains the leading cause of cardiovascular and premature death around the world. Diet is one of the important factors that contributes to the development of HT. We review the current evidence of how different dietary factors may influence blood pressure (BP) and consequent development of HT. There is evidence that BP is positively associated with higher consumption of sodium, alcohol, animal-based protein such as red meat, low-quality carbohydrates such as sugar-sweetened beverages, and saturated fatty acids. On the contrary, other dietary constituents have BP-lowering effects. These include potassium, calcium, magnesium, yogurt, eggs, plant-based proteins such as soy and legumes, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and high-quality carbohydrates such as whole grain and fruits. Dietary fibre is unrelated to BP lowering, possibly due to the different mechanisms of various types of fibre. The effects of caffeine, hibiscus tea, pomegranate, and sesame on BP are also unclear as evidence is hard to assess due to the varying concentrations and different types of drinks used in studies. Implementing dietary changes such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH diet) or adopting a Mediterranean diet has been shown to reduce and control BP. Although the effect of diet on BP control has been established, the optimal amount of each dietary component and consequent ability to devise a personalized diet for HT prevention and BP control for different populations still require further investigation.
Causal Association of Physician-in-Triage with Improved Pediatric Sepsis Care: A Single-Center, Emergency Department Experience
Authors: Moorthy Ganga S. , Pung Jordan S. , Subramanian Neel , Theiling B. Jason , Sterrett Emily C.
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Approximately 75,000 children are hospitalized for sepsis yearly in the United States, with 5%–20% mortality estimates. Outcomes are closely related to the timeliness of sepsis recognition and antibiotic administration.

Methods:

A multidisciplinary sepsis task force formed in the Spring of 2020 aimed to assess and improve pediatric sepsis care in the pediatric emergency department (ED). The electronic medical record identified pediatric sepsis patients from September 2015 to July 2021. Data for time to sepsis recognition and antibiotic delivery were analyzed using statistical process control charts (X̄-S charts). We identified special cause variation, and Bradford-Hill Criteria guided multidisciplinary discussions to identify the most probable cause.

Results:

In the fall of 2018, the average time from ED arrival to blood culture orders decreased by 1.1 hours, and the time from arrival to antibiotic administration decreased by 1.5 hours. After qualitative review, the task force hypothesized that initiation of attending-level pediatric physician-in-triage (P-PIT) as a part of ED triage was temporally associated with the observed improved sepsis care. P-PIT reduced the average time to the first provider exam by 14 minutes and introduced a process for physician evaluation before ED room assignment.

Conclusions:

Timely assessment by an attending-level physician improves time to sepsis recognition and antibiotic delivery in children who present to the ED with sepsis. Implementing a P-PIT program with early attending-level physician evaluation is a potential strategy for other institutions.
PfaSTer: a machine learning-powered serotype caller for Streptococcus pneumoniae genomes
Authors: Lee Jonathan T. , Li Xingpeng , Hyde Craig , Liberator Paul A. , Hao Li
Published: June 2023

Streptococcus pneumoniae

(pneumococcus) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although multi-valent pneumococcal vaccines have curbed the incidence of disease, their introduction has resulted in shifted serotype distributions that must be monitored. Whole genome sequence (WGS) data provide a powerful surveillance tool for tracking isolate serotypes, which can be determined from nucleotide sequence of the capsular polysaccharide biosynthetic operon (cps). Although software exists to predict serotypes from WGS data, most are constrained by requiring high-coverage next-generation sequencing reads. This can present a challenge in respect of accessibility and data sharing. Here we present PfaSTer, a machine learning-based method to identify 65 prevalent serotypes from assembled

S. pneumoniae

genome sequences. PfaSTer combines dimensionality reduction from k-mer analysis with a Random Forest classifier for rapid serotype prediction. By leveraging the model’s built-in statistical framework, PfaSTer determines confidence in its predictions without the need for coverage-based assessments. We then demonstrate the robustness of this method, returning >97 % concordance when compared to biochemical results and other in silico serotyping tools. PfaSTer is open source and available at: https://github.com/pfizer-opensource/pfaster.
Vision rivals audition in alerting humans for fast action
Authors: Dietze Niklas , Poth Christian H.
Published: June 2023

Successful behaviour requires that humans act promptly upon the ubiquitous rapid changes in the environment. Prompt actions are supported by phasic alertness: the increased readiness for perception and action elicited by warning stimuli (alerting cues). Audition is assumed to induce phasic alertness for action faster and more strongly than other senses. Here, we show that vision can be equally effective as audition. We investigated the temporal evolution and the effectiveness of visual and auditory alerting for action in a speeded choice task, while controlling for basic sensitivity differences between the modalities that are unrelated to action control (by matching auditory and visual stimuli according to reaction times in a prior simple detection task). Results revealed that alerting sped up responses, but this happened equally fast and equally strong for visual and auditory alerting cues. Thus, these findings argue that vision rivals audition in phasic alerting for prompt actions, and suggest that the underlying mechanisms work across both modalities.
Effects of sex and estrous cycle on intravenous oxycodone self-administration and the reinstatement of oxycodone-seeking behavior in rats
Authors: Hinds Nicole M. , Wojtas Ireneusz D. , Gallagher Corinne A. , Corbett Claire M. , Manvich Daniel F.
Published: June 2023

The increasing misuse of both prescription and illicit opioids has culminated in a national healthcare crisis in the United States. Oxycodone is among the most widely prescribed and misused opioid pain relievers and has been associated with a high risk for transition to compulsive opioid use. Here, we sought to examine potential sex differences and estrous cycle-dependent effects on the reinforcing efficacy of oxycodone, as well as on stress-induced or cue-induced oxycodone-seeking behavior, using intravenous (IV) oxycodone self-administration and reinstatement procedures. In experiment 1, adult male and female Long-Evans rats were trained to self-administer 0.03 mg/kg/inf oxycodone according to a fixed-ratio 1 schedule of reinforcement in daily 2-hr sessions, and a dose-response function was subsequently determined (0.003-0.03 mg/kg/inf). In experiment 2, a separate group of adult male and female Long-Evans rats were trained to self-administer 0.03 mg/kg/inf oxycodone for 8 sessions, followed by 0.01 mg/kg/inf oxycodone for 10 sessions. Responding was then extinguished, followed by sequential footshock-induced and cue-induced reinstatement tests. In the dose-response experiment, oxycodone produced a typical inverted U-shape function with 0.01 mg/kg/inf representing the maximally effective dose in both sexes. No sex differences were detected in the reinforcing efficacy of oxycodone. In the second experiment, the reinforcing effects of 0.01-0.03 mg//kg/inf oxycodone were significantly attenuated in females during proestrus/estrus as compared to metestrus/diestrus phases of the estrous cycle. Neither males nor females displayed significant footshock-induced reinstatement of oxycodone seeking, but both sexes exhibited significant cue-induced reinstatement of oxycodone seeking at magnitudes that did not differ either by sex or by estrous cycle phase. These results confirm and extend previous work suggesting that sex does not robustly influence the primary reinforcing effects of oxycodone nor the reinstatement of oxycodone-seeking behavior. However, our findings reveal for the first time that the reinforcing efficacy of IV oxycodone varies across the estrous cycle in female rats.
A Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of Nucleosome Positioning in Yeast
Authors: Zeitler Leo , André Kevin , Alberti Adriana , Wilkes Cyril Denby , Soutourina Julie , Goldar Arach
Published: June 2023

In eukaryotic cells, the one-dimensional DNA molecules need to be tightly packaged into the spatially constraining nucleus. Folding is achieved on its lowest level by wrapping the DNA around nucleosomes. Their positioning regulates other nuclear processes, such as transcription and DNA repair. Despite strong efforts to study nucleosome phasing using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data, the mechanism of their collective arrangement along the gene body remains poorly understood. Here, we assess the nucleosome profiles of protein-coding genes inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeusing functional Principal Component Analysis. By decomposing the NGS signals into their main descriptive functions, we compared wild type and chromatin remodeler-deficient strains, keeping position-specific details preserved. A correlation analysis with other genomic properties, such as gene size and length of the upstream Nucleosome Depleted Region (NDR), identified key factors that influence nucleosome phasing. We reveal that the RSC chromatin remodeler—which is responsible for NDR maintenance—is indispensable for decoupling nucleosome arrangement within the gene from phasing outside, which interfere inrsc8-depleted conditions. Moreover, positioning inchd1Δ strains displayed a clear correlation with RNA polymerase II presence, whereas wild type cells did not indicate a noticeable interdependence. We propose that RSC is pivotal for global nucleosome organisation, whilst Chd1 plays a key role for maintaining local arrangement.
Multi-Scale Cortical Bone Traits Vary in Two Mouse Models of Genetic Diversity
Authors: Migotsky Nicole , Surabhi Kumar  , Shuster John T. , Coulombe Jennifer C. , Senwar Bhavya , Gestos Adrian A. , Farber Charles R. , Ferguson Virginia L. , Silva Matthew J.
Published: June 2023

Understanding the genetic basis of cortical bone traits can allow for the discovery of novel genes or biological pathways regulating bone health. Mice are the most widely used mammalian model for skeletal biology and allow for the quantification of traits that can’t easily be evaluated in humans, such as osteocyte lacunar morphology. The goal of our study was to investigate the effect of genetic diversity on multi-scale cortical bone traits of three long bones in skeletally-mature mice. We measured bone morphology, mechanical properties, material properties, lacunar morphology, and mineral composition of mouse bones from two populations of genetic diversity. Additionally, we compared how intra-bone relationships varied in the two populations. Our first population of genetic diversity included 72 females and 72 males from the eight Inbred Founder strains used to create the Diversity Outbred (DO) population. These eight strains together span almost 90% of the genetic diversity found in mice (Mus musculus). Our second population of genetic diversity included 25 genetically unique, outbred females and 25 males from the DO population. We show that multi-scale cortical bone traits vary significantly with genetic background; heritability values range from 21% to 99% indicating genetic control of bone traits across length scales. We show for the first time that lacunar shape and number are highly heritable. Comparing the two populations of genetic diversity, we show each DO mouse does not resemble a single Inbred Founder but instead the outbred mice display hybrid phenotypes with the elimination of extreme values. Additionally, intra-bone relationships (e.g., ultimate force vs. cortical area) were mainly conserved in our two populations. Overall, this work supports future use of these genetically diverse populations to discover novel genes contributing to cortical bone traits, especially at the lacunar length scale.
Isoniazid preventive therapy adherence among HIV positive soldiers on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda
Authors: Moses Sabila , Mupere Ezekiel , Nangendo Joanita , Semitala Fred , Chemonges Saul , Muwanguzi Patience , Katamba Achilles
Published: June 2023

Background

Uganda has a heavy double burden of tuberculosis (TB) and currently ranks among the seven highest TB affected countries globally. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for the treatment of latent TB. However, the adherence to IPT in military settings has not been well documented in Uganda.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among 300 HIV-positive clients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Bombo Military Hospital in Uganda. Clients were cumulatively recruited to a threshold sample. Data were entered and analysed using Epidata client v4.6.0.6 and Stata 14.0.

Results

Of the 300 clients the prevalence of IPT was 94.7% CI (92.1-97.2); adherence to IPT was associated with being: aged ≥ 50 years prevalence ratio (PR) of 1.061 and a confidence interval (CI) of 95% (1.01-1.12); married [PR: 1.438, CI: 95% (1.12-1.84)]; having social support [PR: 1.498, CI: 95% (1.17-1.92)] and the role this played in IPT adherence among married participants [PR: 0.817, CI: 95% (0.72-0.93)] are factors that were found to be significant.

Conclusion

There is need for Bombo medical facility in Uganda to emphasis on strategies to improve access, retention and adherence to ART and IPT for young adults. Secondly, advocating for social support and behavioural interventions have been identified as requirement for improving IPT adherence among HIV positive soldiers. There is need for more research on the role that social support plays to reduce social stigma associated with HIV-positive patients. The findings for this Uganda study suggest that there is need to increase adherence to IPT for married participants living with HIV and this model could also be adopted in other resource constrained and low middle income countries.
Co-infecting phages impede each other’s entry into the cell
Authors: Nguyen Thu Vu Phuc , Wu Yuchen , Yao Tianyou , Trinh Jimmy T. , Zeng Lanying , Chemla Yann R. , Golding Ido
Published: June 2023

Bacteriophage lambda tunes its propensity to lysogenize based on the number of viral genome copies inside the infected cell. Viral self-counting is believed to serve as a way of inferring the abundance of available hosts in the environment. This interpretation is premised on an accurate mapping between the extracellular phage-to-bacteria ratio and the intracellular multiplicity of infection (MOI). However, here we show this premise to be untrue. By simultaneously labeling phage capsids and genomes, we find that, while the number of phages landing on each cell reliably samples the population ratio, the number of phages entering the cell does not. Single-cell infections, followed in a microfluidic device and interpreted using a stochastic model, reveal that the probability and rate of individual phage entries decrease with MOI. This decrease reflects an MOI-dependent perturbation to host physiology caused by phage landing, evidenced by compromised membrane integrity and loss of membrane potential. The dependence of phage entry dynamics on the surrounding medium is found to result in a strong impact of environmental conditions on the infection outcome, while the protracted entry of co-infecting phages increases the cell-to-cell variability in infection outcome at a given MOI. Our findings demonstrate the previously unappreciated role played by entry dynamics in determining the outcome of bacteriophage infection.
Modulation by neuropeptides with overlapping targets results in functional overlap in oscillatory circuit activation
Authors: Cronin Elizabeth M. , Schneider Anna C. , Nadim Farzan , Bucher Dirk
Published: June 2023

Neuromodulation lends flexibility to neural circuit operation but the general notion that different neuromodulators sculpt neural circuit activity into distinct and characteristic patterns is complicated by interindividual variability. In addition, some neuromodulators converge onto the same signaling pathways, with similar effects on neurons and synapses. We compared the effects of three neuropeptides on the rhythmic pyloric circuit in the crabCancer borealisstomatogastric nervous system. Proctolin (PROC), crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP), and red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) all activate the same modulatory inward current,IMI, and have convergent actions on synapses. However, while PROC targets all four neuron types in the core pyloric circuit, CCAP and RPCH target the same subset of only two neurons. After removal of spontaneous neuromodulator release, none of the neuropeptides restored the control cycle frequency, but all restored the relative timing between neuron types. Consequently, differences between neuropeptide effects were mainly found in the spiking activity of different neuron types. We performed statistical comparisons using the Euclidean distance in the multidimensional space of normalized output attributes to obtain a single measure of difference between modulatory states. Across preparations, circuit output in PROC was distinguishable from CCAP and RPCH, but CCAP and RPCH were not distinguishable from each other. However, we argue that even between PROC and the other two neuropeptides, population data overlapped enough to prevent reliable identification of individual output patterns as characteristic for a specific neuropeptide. We confirmed this notion by showing that blind classifications by machine learning algorithms were only moderately successful.

Significance Statement

It is commonly assumed that distinct behaviors or circuit activities can be elicited by different neuromodulators. Yet it is unknown to what extent these characteristic actions remain distinct across individuals. We use a well-studied circuit model of neuromodulation to examine the effects of three neuropeptides, each known to produce a distinct activity pattern in controlled studies. We find that, when compared across individuals, the three peptides elicit activity patterns that are either statistically indistinguishable or show too much overlap to be labeled characteristic. We ascribe this to interindividual variability and overlapping subcellular actions of the modulators. Because both factors are common in all neural circuits, these findings have broad significance for understanding the chemical neuromodulatory actions while considering interindividual variability.
CEO behavior and CSR engagement: the moderating role of bank risk-taking
Authors: Jilani Wafa , Chouaibi Jamel , Kouki Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The main purpose of this paper is to look at the link between chief executive officer (CEO) behavior and corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement with the moderating role of bank risk-taking behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on a 13-year data set (2007–2019), the authors applied the feasible generalized least squares with panel data to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The findings reveal a positive and significant link between CEO behavior and CSR engagement. Based on these findings, it can be argued that the characteristics of the CEO of the banks would improve the CSR strategies. Furthermore, the study suggests a moderating effect of bank risk-taking in the link between psychological bias and corporate social responsibility engagement (CSR engagement).

Practical implications

As CEO behavioral characteristics are essential to understanding CSR practice, boards of directors should consider the behavioral traits of dominant and overconfident CEOs while designing CSR practices.

Social implications

If the bank behaves in a socially responsible manner, direct and indirect stakeholders may be able to evaluate the level of risk-taking in more detail.

Originality/value

This research highlights the importance of CEO behavior characteristics for CSR, which is a crucial application that supports the upper echelons theory; and fills a gap in literature research. It is one of the few studies examining the interaction between risk-taking, CEO behavior and CSR engagement.
Optimizing the delivery schedule of equipment in a project environment considering resource leveling of storage space and its constraint: a case study
Authors: Das Debadyuti , Singh Aditya
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The present work seeks to determine the optimal delivery schedule of equipment at a project site in the backdrop of limited storage space, at a minimum cost, and without disturbing the overall project schedule. In addition, the optimized delivery schedule helps in minimizing the fluctuating requirements of space at the project site across the entire project lifespan.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is carried out at a Steel plant operating in a constrained space but undergoing a production capacity expansion. The problem motivated us to explore the possibility of postponing the delivery dates of certain equipment closer to the erection dates without compromising on the project schedule. Given the versatility of linear programming models in dealing with such schedule optimization problems, the authors formulated the above problem as a Zero-One Integer Linear Programming problem.

Findings

The model is implemented for all the new equipment arriving for two major units – the Hot Strip Mill (HSM) and the Blast Furnace (BF). It generates an optimized delivery schedule by delaying the delivery of some equipment by a certain number of periods, without compromising the overall project schedule and at a minimum storage cost. The average space utilization increases by 25.85 and 14.79% in HSM and BF units respectively. The fluctuations in space requirements are reduced substantially in both units.

Originality/value

The study shows a timeline in the form of a Gantt chart for the delivery of equipment, storage of equipment across different periods, and the number of periods for which the delivery of certain equipment needs to be postponed. The study uses linearly increasing storage costs with the increase in the number of periods for storage of the equipment in the temporary shed.

Highlights

Determined the optimal delivery schedule of the equipment in a project environment in the backdrop of limited storage space in the project site.

Formulated the above problem as a Zero-One Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem.

The average space utilization has increased by 25.85 and 14.79% in HSM and BF units respectively.

The optimized delivery schedule helps in reducing the fluctuations in space requirements substantially across the entire lifespan of the project.

The timeline of delivery of equipment, storage of equipment across different periods and periods of postponement of the equipment are shown in the form of a Gantt Chart.
Effects of improvisational behavior on entrepreneurial activities and firm performance: the moderating roles of firm size and business experience
Authors: Ratanavanich Muanfhun , Charoensukmongkol Peerayuth
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This study aims to analyze the effect of entrepreneurs’ improvisational behavior on business risk-taking and opportunity recognition, as well as to analyze its subsequent impact on firm performance. Moreover, this study examined whether the effect of entrepreneurs’ improvisational behavior on business risk-taking and opportunity recognition could be moderated by firm size and the business experience of entrepreneurs.

Design/methodology/approach

Online survey data were collected from 304 firms in Thailand that were randomly selected from a business directory. The data were assessed using partial least squares structural modeling.

Findings

The results confirmed that entrepreneurs who exhibited high levels of improvisational behavior tended to report that their firms engaged more actively in risk-taking and opportunity recognition. Moreover, risk-taking and opportunity recognition played a chain mediating effect in explaining the association between the improvisational behavior of entrepreneurs and firm performance. Regarding the moderating effects, this paper found that firm size negatively moderated the effect of improvisational behavior on risk-taking and opportunity recognition, while business experience of entrepreneurs only positively moderated the effect of improvisational behavior on risk-taking.

Originality/value

This study provided new knowledge by showing that improvisational behavior of entrepreneurs should be integrated with other firm advantages determined by firm size and the business experience of entrepreneurs to strengthen the ability to be more effective at risk-taking and opportunity recognition.
System architecture and basic platform for intelligent high-speed railway
Authors: Li Ping , Liu Yi , Shao Sai
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to provide top-level design and basic platform for intelligent application in China high-speed railway.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the analysis for the future development trends of world railway, combined with the actual development needs in China high-speed railway, The definition and scientific connotation of intelligent high-speed railway (IHSR) are given at first, and then the system architecture of IHSR are outlined, including 1 basic platform, 3 business sectors, 10 business fields, and 18 innovative applications. At last, a basic platform with cloud edge integration for IHSR is designed.

Findings

The rationality, feasibility and implementability of the system architecture of IHSR have been verified on and applied to the Beijing–Zhangjiakou high-speed railway, providing important support for the construction and operation of the world’s first IHSR.

Originality/value

This paper systematically gives the definition and connotation of the IHSR and put forward the system architecture of IHSR for first time. It will play the most important role in the design, construction and operation of IHSR.
Disentangling the concept of comparability in sustainability reporting
Authors: Korca Blerita , Costa Ericka , Bouten Lies
Published: June 2023

Purpose

As the comparability concept has recently garnered increased attention of policymakers and standard setters in the sustainability reporting (SR) arena, this paper aims to provide a reflexive viewpoint of this concept in this context.

Design/methodology/approach

To inform the authors’ viewpoint and disentangle the concept of comparability into different facets, the authors review policymakers’ and standard setters’ (including the Global reporting initiative) comparability principles, as well as relevant studies in the field. To provide insights into the different ways in which the comparability facets can be approached, the authors use multi-perspective reflexive practices and focus on the multiple purposes that reporting can serve. To empirically animate the authors’ reflection on the facets, the authors analyse the sustainability disclosures of two Italian banks over three years.

Findings

This study reveals that three facets form valuable starting points for extending the understanding of the meanings the comparability concept can carry in the SR arena. These facets are materiality and comparability, benchmarking/monitoring and comparability and operationalisation and comparability.

Practical implications

This study is intended to elicit policymakers’ and standard setters’ thoughts on the role of comparability and its complexities in SR.

Social implications

By taking a critical and reflexive approach, the authors encourage policymakers and standard setters to reconsider the comparability principle, so it effectively embeds the accountability purpose of SR.

Originality/value

In this paper, the authors propose three facets for disentangling the concept of comparability.
Social workers' perspectives on the role and function of independent experts in care proceedings in Norway: Contributions and devaluation
Authors: Greve Rakel Aasheim , Christiansen Øivin , Jørgensen Tone
Published: June 2023

Independent experts are commonly used in child protection care proceedings to assess families and contribute to a sound basis for care order decisions. Yet the role and function of these experts varies across contexts, with issues raised concerning the quality and impact of their reports. Based on six focus group discussions (FGDs) with child welfare service (CWS) social workers in Norway, this study aims to advance the understanding of how independent experts are used when it comes to child protection. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted, which revealed that the social workers mostly found the experts' contributions useful in that they provide a fresh pair of eyes and reduce the complexities in a case. However, the use of independent experts also had some negative aspects. The social workers experienced that their competence was undermined in court and had some experience working with experts whose work was of poor quality, which was unrecognized by quality control measures. This study raises timely questions about the role of the expert and suggests a clearer distinction between the function of providing expert knowledge to complement the social workers' assessments and the function of providing an independent assessment of the family on behalf of the courts.
Low‐value wound care: Are nurses and physicians choosing wisely? A mixed methods study
Authors: Verkerk Eva W. , Waal Getty Huisman‐de , Overtoom Lydia C. , Westert Gert P. , Vermeulen Hester , Kool Rudolf B. , van Dulmen Simone A.
Published: June 2023

Background

Choosing Wisely is an international movement that stimulates conversations about unnecessary care. The campaign created five recommendations including a statement that less wound care is sometimes better.

Aims

The study aims to evaluate nurses' and physicians' adherence to the Choosing Wisely recommendations for acute wound care in the Netherlands and the barriers and facilitators to improve this.

Design

This is a mixed methods study using a survey and interviews.

Methods

The survey was completed by 171 nurses and 71 physicians from November 2017 to February 2018. A total of 17 nurses and 6 physicians were interviewed.

Results

Awareness of the five recommendations ranged from 62% to 89% for nurses and 46% to 85% for physicians. However, up to 15% of the nurses and 28% of physicians were aware but did not adhere to the recommendations. Barriers to adhering were a lack of knowledge, the work environment and perceptions of patients' preferences. Repeated attention, cost‐consciousness and an open culture facilitated the implementation.

Conclusion

Although most nurses and physicians were aware of the recommendations, not all adhered to them. Increasing awareness is not enough for successful implementation. A tailored approach that removes the barriers is necessary, such as increasing knowledge about wounds and changing the work environment.
Women's autonomy for managing labour pain in a relational context: An interpretive description study
Authors: Jose Henrique Angelita , Rodney Patricia , Hall Wendy , Thorne Sally , Joolaee Soodabeh
Published: June 2023

Aim

To describe how women perceived relational autonomy for decision‐making during childbirth pain and illuminate influencing factors.

Background

Most women report challenging pain during birth. Circumstances can affect their ability to engage in pain management decisions.

Design

We used an interpretative description approach to conduct this study.

Method

A purposive sample of ten women who reported pain during childbirth participated in semi‐structured interviews. The study was conducted between July 2019 and November 2020 and reported according to the COREQ checklist.

Results

Circumstances during childbirth, such as women's expectations and relationships, influenced their efforts to engage in relational autonomy. Care providers dealt with the unpredictability of childbirth and challenges with pain management using decision‐making practices that could disrupt women's expectations, undermine women's trust, demonstrate disrespect for women and rely on inadequate communication. Women who felt dependent on others were less likely to participate in decision‐making. When care providers' perceptions about pain differed from women's reports of pain, participants became distressed because care providers did not acknowledge their subjective pain experiences.

Conclusions

Women regarded their relationships and communication with care providers as foundational to relational autonomy in decision‐making about pain management during childbirth.

Relevance to clinical practice

Study findings can support care providers' considerations of the complexity of childbirth pain and factors affecting women's relational autonomy in decision‐making about pain. In particular, the findings highlight the importance of women's expectations and care providers' recognition of women's experiences of pain.

Patient or public contribution

Women who shared their stories of childbirth pain contributed to the data collected. The chief nursing officers in the data collection setting facilitated the recruitment and data collection.
Conceptual wanderlust: How to develop creative supply chain theory with analogies
Authors: Gruner Richard L. , Power Damien
Published: June 2023

This article guides the development of creative insights in supply chain management. The authors begin by describing analogies' role in advancing organization theory with a focus on image transfers between knowledge domains. While much has been said about the merits of conceptual transfers between domains, much equally remains unknown, particularly about how to deliberately develop creative insights that have the potential to challenge or enhance existing supply chain management theory. To address this issue, this research builds on prior work on analogies, creativity, and design thinking to develop a heuristic‐analytic model. This model is designed to assist researchers in theorizing by analogy through a controlled dual cognitive process of divergence before convergence combined with a distant boundary‐spanning knowledge search. An illustration of the model shows how creative output can provide a fresh perspective that helps render supply chains potentially more resilient.
Low life satisfaction status among older people with and without an intimate partner: a nationwide cross‐sectional study in China
Authors: Luo Liyan , Zheng Xiaolei , Jiang Ning , Xie Zhaohong , Wang Ping , Bi Jianzhong , Lai Chao , Yang Liping
Published: June 2023

Background

Focusing on older people with and without an intimate partner, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of low life satisfaction in both groups, as well as the potential risk factors.

Methods

The 2017–2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data were used, and 9960 individuals aged 60 years and above were included in the analyses. Factors evaluated in this survey included sociodemographic characteristics, clinical variables, physical and social activities, and economic and social factors. The associations of low life satisfaction with independent variables were analysed using multivariate logistic regression.

Results

Compared with those with an intimate partner (n = 2025), elders without an intimate partner (n = 7935) showed a higher prevalence of low life satisfaction (15.1 vs. 9.9%, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that ≥2 physical diseases (P = 0.024), poor self‐reported health status (P = 0.012), and lack of community care service (P = 0.014) were risk factors for low life satisfaction among elders without an intimate partner, while poor self‐reported health status (P < 0.001), ≥2 physical diseases (P = 0.001), being troubled with bodily pain (P < 0.001), lack of light physical activity >10 mins each time (P = 0.011), lack of moderate physical activity >10 mins each time (P = 0.001), lack of social activities in the previous month (P = 0.039), and lack of community care service (P < 0.001) were risk factors for elders with an intimate partner. Regarding the potential reasons for low life satisfaction in the elderly, dissatisfaction with current health status (28.0%) and air quality (15.6%) were most prevalent.

Conclusions

Older people without an intimate partner have lower life satisfaction. Having ≥2 physical diseases, poor self‐reported health status, and lack of community care service were common risk factors for low life satisfaction among older adults with or without an intimate partner.
Systematic Literature Review of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Principles Against Banks ATM Physical Security Effectiveness
Authors: Tan Hui Siang , Abas Hafiza , Shafie Noraimi
Published: June 2023

Technology development never sleeps, humans creating more high-tech devices for society to use.  Swift movement of technology growth has changed the conceptual design of the physical security control, location landscape, human behaviors factor, and perimeter controls are the factors to determine the security posture of the location. Hence, the rise of the new financial digital banking ecosystem has raised significant new concerns to bank consumers. In order to study the control measurement of current banking industry effectiveness by using the systematic literature review (SLR) to conduct the research that published in the digital library through world wide web. In short, maintaining the principle, policy guideline, and standard framework shall continue review periodically to identify the control measurement effectiveness.
Energy consumption in wireless IoT- A Review
Authors: El Hejjaji Abduurrahim H , Mohd Sam Suriani , Mohamed Norliza , Kamardin Kamilia , Ahmad Norulhusna , Md Yusof Yusnaidi
Published: June 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rising innovation, including a wide range of uses identified with modern control, savvy metering, home mechanization, horticulture, health, etc. For these applications to run independent the IoT gadgets are required to make do for a considerable length of time and years under severe vitality imperatives. When growing such applications, it is significant for the application to think about its own energy consumption. In this work, we propose and assess an energy consumption estimation approach for occasional detecting applications running on the IoT gadgets. Our methodology depends on three stages. In the main stage, we distinguish the unmistakable exercises, for example, rest, transmit, detect and process in a detecting cycle. In the subsequent stage, we measure the power consumption of these exercises before the IoT gadget has been conveyed in the arrange. The third stage happens at run-time once the IoT gadget has been sent, to convey the energy consumption of a detecting cycle. The energy consumption is determined by utilizing the exercises control and their spans acquired at run-time. The proposed methodology is basic and conventional on the grounds that it doesn’t include any intricate equipment for runtime control estimation. Besides, this methodology likewise consolidates the dynamic idea of detecting applications by run-time estimation of energy consumption.
The hows and whys of amastigote flagellum motility in
Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Alves Aline Araujo , Bastin Philippe
Published: June 2023

The protist
Trypanosoma cruzi
exhibits several extracellular stages characterized by the presence of a long and motile flagellum and one intracellular life cycle stage termed amastigote, which possesses a tiny flagellum barely exiting the flagellar pocket. This stage was so far described as replicative but immotile cells. Unexpectedly, the recent work of M. M. Won, T. Krüger, M. Engstler, and B. A. Burleigh (mBio 14:e03556-22, 2023,
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.03556-22
) revealed that this short flagellum actually displays beating activity. This commentary explores how such a short flagellum could be constructed and why it could affect the parasite’s survival inside the mammalian host.
Supplemental Material: The complex Rodrigues triple junction migration since ca. 8 Ma: A response to episodic Amsterdam–St. Paul hotspot tail capture by the Southeast Indian Ridge?
Authors: Meyzen Christine M. , Schwarz-Schampera Ulrich
Published: June 2023

Supplemental references for age compilation of Figure 2, compositions of lavas from SEIR of Figure 4, and Figures S1–S8. 
Heights via $$p$$-Adic Points
Authors: Bloch Spencer
Published: June 2023

In a paper published in 1980, the author gave an adelic Tamagawa number interpretation for the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for divisors on abelian varieties. Some years later, in joint work with K. Kato, a more general adelic volume interpretation for zeta values of motives with weights $${<}\,{-1}$$ was proposed. In the paper at hand, the adelic volume Tamagawa number conjecture is generalized to deal with weight $$-1$$. As in the paper with Kato, adelic points of varieties are replaced by cohomology with adelic coefficients. Further, we introduce adelic tori over the adelic cohomology groups to mimic the Néron–Severi tori in the 1980 paper.
Embeddings of Automorphism Groups of Free Groups into Automorphism Groups of Affine Algebraic Varieties
Authors: Popov V. L.
Published: June 2023

For every integer $$n>0$$, we construct a new infinite series of rational affine algebraic varieties such that their automorphism groups contain the automorphism group $$\mathrm{Aut}(F_n)$$ of the free group $$F_n$$ of rank $$n$$ and the braid group $$B_n$$ on $$n$$ strands. The automorphism groups of such varieties are nonlinear for $$n\geq 3$$ and are nonamenable for $$n\geq 2$$. As an application, we prove that every Cremona group of rank $${\geq}\,3n-1$$ contains the groups $$\mathrm{Aut}(F_n)$$ and $$B_n$$. This bound is $$1$$ better than the bound published earlier by the author; with respect to $$B_n$$, the order of its growth rate is one less than that of the bound following from a paper by D. Krammer. The construction is based on triples $$(G,R,n)$$, where $$G$$ is a connected semisimple algebraic group and $$R$$ is a closed subgroup of its maximal torus.
Loop enhancement of direct detection cross section in a fermionic dark matter model
Authors: Maleki Khadije Rahi , Ghorbani Karim
Published: June 2023

We investigate the effect of one loop quantum corrections on the elastic scattering of dark matter off the nucleon in a fermionic dark matter model. The model introduces two new singlet fermions and a singlet scalar. The fermions communicate with the SM particles through a Higgs portal. It is found that some viable regions in the parameter space respecting the bounds from the observed relic density, the Higgs invisible decay width, and direct detection experiment, will be shrunk significantly when one loop effects are taken into account. The regions already resided below the neutrino floor, partly may come into regions which are testable by the current or future direct detection experiments. In addition, some regions being viable at tree level, may be excluded when quantum corrections are included.
Relationship of the Hennings and Witten–Reshetikhan–Turaev invariants for higher rank quantum groups
Authors: Cheong Winston , Doser Alexander , Gray McKinley , Sawin Stephen F.
Published: June 2023

The Hennings invariant for the small quantum group associated to an arbitrary simple Lie algebra at a root of unity is shown to agree with the Witten–Reshetikhin–Turaev (WRT) three-manifold invariant arising from Chern–Simons field theory for the same Lie algebra and the same root of unity on all integer homology three-spheres, at roots of unity where both are defined. This partially generalizes the work of Chen et al. [On the relation between the WRT invariant and the Hennings invariant, Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 146(1) (2009) 151–163; Three-manifold invariants associated with restricted quantum groups, Math. Z. 272(3–4) (2012) 987–999] which relates the Hennings and WRT invariants for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for arbitrary rational homology three-spheres.
OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF MACHINE LEARNING AND DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREDICTION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: OMKARI D. YASO , SHINDE SNEHAL B.
Published: June 2023

Healthcare is indeed an inevitable part of life for everyone. In recent days, most of the deaths have been happening because of noncommunicable diseases. Despite the significant advancements in medical diagnosis, cardiovascular diseases are still the most prominent cause of mortality worldwide. With recent innovations in Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques, there has been an enormous surge in the clinical field, especially in cardiology. Several ML and DL algorithms are useful for predicting cardiovascular diseases. The predictive capability of these algorithms is promising for various cardiovascular diseases like coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, and others. We also review the lung interactions during heart disease. After the study of various ML and DL models with different datasets, the performance of the various strategies is analyzed. In this study, we focused on the analysis of various ML and DL algorithms to diagnose cardiovascular disease. In this paper, we also presented a detailed analysis of heart failure detection and various risk factors. This paper may be helpful to researchers in studying various algorithms and finding an optimal algorithm for their dataset.
Does Sukuk Sector Stimulate Economic Growth? Empirical Evidence from MENA and Southeast Asia Region
Authors: Metoui Mohamed , Ghorbel Ahmed
Published: June 2023

The main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of Sukuk sector development on economic growth. This study focuses on a sample comprising some Sukuk-issuing countries in the MENA and Southeast Asia regions over the period 1995-2015. To address potential problems of endogeneity and simultaneity, we employ the generalized method of moments (GMM) system proposed by Blundell and Bond (1998). The obtained results indicate that the development of the Sukuk market significantly affects economic growth, even after controlling various measures of the financial market development and classical determinants of economic growth. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the financial and service sectors have a greater impact on economic growth compared to other sectors. Additionally, there is a significant difference observed between the various sectors of Sukuk in the two regions.