bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elevating the USS Simulator Experience: A Resilient Design for Instructors and Students Alike
Authors: Navaratnam Joel Derrick
Published: April 2024

This thesis proposes the development of a portable gliding simulator, aiming to address the seasonal limitations faced by glider enthusiasts in Canada. The target group is a university student club that is in need of a simulator of increased durability and an increased immersiveness for user experience while maintaining portability. The implementation of such simulators offers opportunities for year-round training, overcoming the bottleneck of instructor availability during peak seasons. The final design in this report (referred to as “USS 1.0) is designed to be cheaper and more transportable than the market designs, and explores possible improvements that can be added in later designs as well.

The USS 1.0 simulator represents a successful culmination of design efforts, offering a practical and immersive flight simulation experience. The design considerations, including accessibility for users of varying heights (5ft to 6ft 3in) and ease of joystick adjustment, to ensure user comfort and convenience. With a weight of approximately 40 lbs and the inclusion of electronic components for simulating various flight controls like flaps, spoilers, trims, and a release knob, the simulator meets its design objectives effectively. Notably, the integration of the Mobiflight software with other pre-built modules like Thrustmaster setups enhances control functionality without interference. While the simulator primarily works with Microsoft Flight Simulator (MSFS) and is rated to work with other simulators like Prepar3D (P3D) and X-plane, its compatibility with Condor remains unknown. However, the flexibility to add extra parts due to available analog and digital pins ensures adaptability for future enhancements. The total cost analysis indicates a total cost of $1202 CAD for the simulator, including shipping and HST. Considering the goal of offering a competitive price point compared to existing simulators, the USS 1.0 achieves significant cost savings, potentially offering a more accessible option for glider clubs. Moreover, accounting for labor costs, the assembly time for the simulator is still cheaper to its competitors, further highlighting its viability as a cost-effective solution.
Modeling Quadrotor Flight Dynamics using Neural Networks
Authors: Chaudhary Reva
Published: April 2024

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks have been effectively used to capture complex, nonlinear, and time-varying dynamics of quadrotors. This thesis presents a comprehensive approach to modeling the flight dynamics of quadrotors using LSTM to exploit temporal dependencies in the system’s behavior. Data collected from simulated flight scenarios is used to train the LSTM architecture, which is then rigorously validated to ensure its efficacy in real-time application scenarios. The results indicate that the LSTM model outperforms traditional methods, providing a promising solution for the control and navigation of quadrotors in dynamic environments.
Formation Flight Theory: Continuous Banked Flight of a Solar Powered UAV
Authors: Birkenhead Emily
Published: April 2024

This report explores the application of formation flight theory to reduce the power required for the CREATeV solar-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) during continuous banked fight. Biot-Savart law was used to compute the induced velocities at points in the frame of the aircraft fight path, and to use the values to calculate the average induced velocities encountered by aircraft at specified points over that frame. Models, and visual simulations were used to predict the amount of power that could hypothetically be saved.

Results indicate that optimal positioning within the wake can lead to considerable reductions in power requirements, extending the fight time with an increased efficiency. This study not only confirms the viability of using formation fight theory for a single aircraft’s continuous banked fight, but also reveals potential promising areas of further study.
Effects of Combretum micranthum, Xienmia americana and Aloysia citrodora Leaf Extracts against Oviposition and Egg Viability of Anopheles gambiae S.L. (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Muhammad Aminu , Abdullahi N. , Yunusa A. Y. , Shehu S. A. , Yola A. I. , Sulaiman T. , Umar A. B.
Published: April 2024

The study investigated the oviposition and egg viability effects of leaf extracts from Combretum micranthum, Xienmia americana, and Aloysia citrodora on female Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. Leaves were sourced from Goron-maje Town, Dambatta LGA, Kano State, and extracts were prepared using ethanol, methanol, and ethyl-acetate. Bioassays were conducted at ambient temperature and relative humidity, testing oviposition activity and egg viability. Ethyl-acetate extracts, particularly from A. citrodora, significantly reduced oviposition compared to controls, with a 42.85% decrease. Ethanol extract of C. micranthum also showed reduced oviposition (8.84%). Significant differences were observed in the effects of different concentrations (ppm/mL) of plant extracts compared to controls. X. americana ethanol leaf extract at 20.0 ml concentration showed a 10% decrease in egg viability, while Combretum micranthum extracts at 20.0 ml and 30.0 ml concentrations showed 40.0% and 26.0% reductions in viability respectively. Aloysia citrodora methanol extracts exhibited a lower effect (48.0%) on viability compared to controls. X. americana ethanol leaf extract at 10% concentration significantly reduced hatching ability (26±06.21). Similarly, ethanol and ethyl-acetate extracts of C. micranthum and A. citrodora at 20.0 ml and 30.0 ml concentrations showed decreased hatching abilities compared to controls. The study suggests that ethanol and ethyl-acetate extracts of X. americana, C. micranthum, and A. citrodora could be effective and safer methods for mosquito control.
The Shortening of Sustainable Supply Chains in Hungary and Europe
Authors: Szabó Zoltán Tamás , Chuluunbaatar Erdenebayar , Alpek B. Levente
Published: April 2024

The study examines the impact of supply disruptions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic and the energy security challenges primarily resulting from the Russian-Ukrainian war on the re-evaluation of sustainability considerations and the European green transition, especially regarding the potential strategic importance of renewable energy sources. The justification for the shortening of the long supply chains can be argued from the perspectives of supply security and sustainability. Furthermore, the economic validation of sustainability considerations is receiving increasing attention in professional discourse, sparking public debate. One of the primary tensions underlying these polemics is the conflict between short-term economic interests and long-term sustainability and environmental considerations. These interests often contradict each other, and the ongoing professional debate surrounding the shortening of supply chains provides relevant insight into these conflicts. However, the supply disruptions resulting from COVID-19 have re-emphasized the importance of supply security, prompting many economic actors to reconsider their supply strategies. The growing significance of supply security is evident in surveys, expert analyses, and economic strategic documents. The energy challenges posed by the Russian-Ukrainian war have, in turn, prompted EU policymakers to reform the energy strategy. The risks associated with energy security highlighted the vulnerabilities stemming from dependency on external fossil-based energy sources. This article aims to answer the question of how short-term economic interests and longer-term sustainability goals can be reconciled in light of the supply disruptions experienced during COVID-19 and the Russian-Ukrainian war. It does this through a literature review of professional debates and relevant expert analyses, strategic EU documents, and by examining key indicators of the EU's energy dependence. The restructuring of the EU's energy policy demonstrates the feasibility of rapidly implementing major transformations in complex systems when necessary. Beyond facilitating professional discourse, the experiences from these events can also boost the European green transition, as a green Europe built on its renewable resources can be more resilient against challenges of the future. This is in line with both economic and environmental objectives. The main conclusion of the research is that the EU's successful transition to renewable energy sources, in addition to achieving environmental goals, can contribute to reducing external risks through the alleviation of energy dependence. Furthermore, energy security provided by its own energy sources facilitates the growth of the real economy and underpins the EU's geopolitical position.
Strengths-based practice in adult social care: Understanding implementation
Authors: Mahesh Sharanya , Bharatan Ila , Miller Robin
Published: April 2024

Background There has been increasing emphasis towards adopting strengths-based practice (SBP) within adult social care in England. Whilst there is agreement that SBP is the right approach to discharge adult social care duties, there is limited evidence regarding the implementation of SBP. This paper presents findings from the evaluation of the implementation of SBP in fourteen local authorities in one region in England. Methods We employed a mixed methods research design, drawing on data from a scoping review, 36 interviews with practice leaders and two surveys, one with wider adult social care staff and the other, with external organisations like independent care providers and community and voluntary organisations. Our data collection and analysis were guided by two well established implementation theories: the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and Normalisation Process Theory (NPT). Interviews were analysed deductively, and surveys were analysed descriptively. Results Local authorities are at different stages in their implementation journey. The Care Act 2014 and support for SBP demonstrated by key professional groups were seen as major drivers for implementing SBP. Whilst SBP resonated with the professional principles of social workers and occupational therapists, staff did not always have the confidence and skills to adapt to SBP. Changing paperwork and recording systems, providing training opportunities to develop staff competencies, establishing new care pathways, genuine co-production, and senior management buy-in were key enablers supporting implementation. Conclusions To successfully implement SBP, a whole system approach that meaningfully collaborates with key professionals across sectors is essential. When implemented well, SBP has the potential to empower individuals by focusing on what matters to them.
Prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras: análisis de la experiencia de Areandina mediante el uso de metodologías ágiles
Authors: Castellanos Saavedra Martha Patricia , Flórez Peña Teresa , Bustos Omar Orlando , Montero Caicedo Leidy Lorena
Published: April 2024

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los resultados obtenidos a partir del Macroproyecto de Innovación Educativa llevado a cabo en la Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina (Areandina), una institución de educación superior en Colombia, destacando los logros, impacto y lecciones aprendidas durante el proceso de formación docente para el fortalecimiento de competencias pedagógicas. El desarrollo de este proyecto incluyó la aplicación de metodologías ágiles y la sistematización de experiencias educativas. Al analizar la información recopilada, se destaca la efectividad de herramientas específicas implementadas en el proyecto. Las "Fichas Myself" emergieron como una estrategia valiosa, junto con las clases demostrativas, los "viernes de innovación y aprendizaje", y el micrositio de Areandina Inn. Estas iniciativas contribuyeron al surgimiento de nuevos entornos de trabajo, fomentando tanto la autonomía como la colaboración entre los docentes. Además, se identificó un nuevo modelo de evaluación formativa, que apunta a medir de manera más efectiva los logros y progresos de los estudiantes. Se estableció una ruta y un decálogo de innovación que proporcionan una guía estructurada para la implementación continua de prácticas innovadoras y la centralidad del docente en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje como agente clave para el éxito de la innovación educativa en la institución. Finalmente, el reconocimiento de prácticas innovadoras, y cambios significativos en la dinámica institucional promoviendo la autonomía del docente y la implementación de nuevas herramientas en los procesos formativos.
Tecnología digital y educación superior en Colombia: perspectivas y desafíos en la era de la inteligencia artificial (IA)
Authors: Montero Caicedo Leidy Lorena
Published: April 2024

Para indagar acerca de experiencias exitosas en el ámbito de las potencialidades de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en el entorno universitario, se sugiere enfocar la creación de proyectos basados en IA que mejoren la experiencia del usuario y automaticen procesos, planifiquen, comuniquen e informen, sigan a los estudiantes, evalúen, certifiquen y acrediten  la organización de encuentros académicos centrados en el análisis del currículo, la integración de tecnologías digitales y la reflexión en torno a estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras. (Vera et al. 2023)
CO2 Emisyonunun Ekonomik Büyüme ve Kentleşme ile Etkileşimi: BRICS-T Ülkeleri Örneği
Authors: Türk Mehmet Mert , Barışık Salih
Published: April 2024

Çalışmada bölgesel ilişki bakımından etkin nüfuza sahip BRICS (Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin, Güney Afrika) ülkelerine ek olarak Türkiye ekonomisi tahlil edilmeye çalışılmıştır. 1988-2018 dönemine ait kişi başı CO2 emisyonu, kişi başı GSYH ve toplam kentleşme verileri değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak yatay kesit bağımlılığı ve heterojenite araştırması yapıldıktan sonra durağanlık sınaması için CADF (Cross-Sectionally Augmented Dickey–Fuller) Panel Birim Kök Testi ve SURADF (Seemingly Unrelated Regression Augmented Dickey Fuller) Panel Birim Kök testleri uygulanmıştır. Daha sonra Westerlund Çoklu Yapısal Kırılmalı Panel Eşbütünleşme Testi ile uzun dönemli ilişki araştırılmış ve ardından Ortak İlişkili Etkiler Modeli (CCE) ve Genişletilmiş Ortalama Grup (AMG) tahmincisi kullanılarak bu ilişki yorumlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Son olarak Emirmahmutoğlu ve Köse (2011) Panel Nedensellik testi ile bu ilişkinin yönü ve derecesi için ampirik analiz kısmına geçilmiştir. Ampirik analiz neticesinde kentleşmenin CO2 emisyonuna etkisinin ilgili ülkeler ve dönem için ekonomik büyümeye göre daha baskın oluğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ülke bazlı analizde karma sonuçlara ulaşılsa da kentleşme ve ekonomik büyümenin CO2 emisyonu ile çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi %1 anlamlılık düzeyi ağırlıklı olmak üzere tespit edilmiştir.
Analysis of Financial Performance of Public Sports Clubs in Türkiye via CRITIC-Based SAW Method
Authors: Güngör H. Yusuf
Published: April 2024

Sports activities have been performed as a spectacle since ancient times. With the start of the Olympics, sports competitions were organized for the entertainment of the masses in Ancient Greece and later in the Roman Empire. Since the end of the nineteenth century, clubs have been established in many sports branches, especially football, and they have had large fan bases. The establishment of different clubs by different socioeconomic, political and religious strata has also caused these clubs to be positioned in a different place than the purpose of sports. The financial aid of their supporters to these structures, which have the status of association, has enabled the formation of a local and global economy. Sports economy, which was previously non-profit, has turned into for-profit service companies in recent years, especially with the purchase of sports clubs by business people, and they have become public by incorporation. Although many sports clubs are joint stock companies in Türkiye, four of them are traded on Borsa İstanbul. In the study, the financial performance of sports clubs has been examined based on the data of these publicly traded companies. Within the scope of the study, the criteria used in the study have been weighted with the CRITIC method, and the performances of the alternatives have been evaluated with the SAW method. As a result, it has been determined that there is a relationship between working financial performance and sportive success.
Oligohydramnios affects pulmonary functional/structural abnormalities in school-aged children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Shin Jeong Eun , Lee Soon Min , Lee Mi-Jung , Han Jungho , Lim Joohee , Jang Haerin , Eun Ho Seon , Park Min Soo , Kim Soo Yeon , Sohn Myung Hyun , Jung Ji Ye , Kim Kyung Won
Published: April 2024

Background: The relationship between early life factors and childhood pulmonary function and structure in preterm infants remains unclear.Purpose: This study investigated the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and perinatal factors on childhood pulmonary function and structure.Methods: This longitudinal cohort study included preterm participants aged ≥5 years born between 2005 and 2015. The children were grouped by BPD severity according to National Institutes of Health criteria. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed using spirometry. Chest computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained and scored for hyperaeration or parenchymal lesions. PFT results and chest CT scores were analyzed with perinatal factors.Results: A total 150 children (66 females) aged 7.7 years (6.4–9.9 years) were categorized into non/mild BPD (n=68), moderate BPD (n=39), and severe BPD (n=43) groups. The median z score for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced midexpiratory flow (FEF25%–75%) were significantly lower in the severe versus non/mild BPD group (-1.24 vs. -0.18, -0.22 vs. 0.41, -1.80 vs. -1.12, and -1.88 vs. -1.00, respectively; all P<0.05). The median z scores of FEV1, FEV1/ FVC, and FEF25%–75% among asymptomatic patients were also significantly lower in the severe versus non/mild BPD group (-0.82 vs. 0.09, -1.68 vs. -0.87, -1.59 vs. -0.61, respectively; all P<0.05). The severe BPD group had a higher median (range) CT score than the non/mild BPD group (6 [0–12] vs. 1 [0–10], P<0.001). Prenatal oligohydramnios was strongly associated with both low pulmonary function (FEV1/FVC<lower limit of normal; odds ratio, 3.54) and high CT score (median difference, 2.54).Conclusion: School-aged children with severe BPD showed airflow limitations and structural abnormalities despite no subjective respiratory symptoms. These results suggest that patients with a history of prenatal oligohydramnios or prolonged mechanical ventilation require extended follow-up.
Global prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Crane Harry , Eslick Guy D. , Gofton Cameron , Shaikh Anjiya , Cholankeril George , Cheah Mark , Zhong Jian-Hong , Svegliati-Baroni Gianluca , Vitale Alessandro , Kim Beom Kyung , Ahn Sang Hoon , Kim Mi Na , Strasser Simone I , George Jacob
Published: April 2024

Background/Aims: The global proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) attributable to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is unclear. The MAFLD diagnostic criteria allows objective diagnosis in the presence of steatosis plus defined markers of metabolic dysfunction, irrespective of concurrent liver disease. We aimed to determine the total global prevalence of MAFLD in HCC cohorts (total-MAFLD), including the proportion with MAFLD as their sole liver disease (single-MAFLD), and the proportion of those with concurrent liver disease where MAFLD was a contributary factor (mixed-MAFLD).Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis included studies systematically ascertaining MAFLD in HCC cohorts, defined using international expert panel criteria including ethnicity-specific BMI cut-offs. A comparison of clinical and tumour characteristics was performed between single-MAFLD, mixed-MAFLD, and non-MAFLD HCC.Results: 22 studies (56,565 individuals with HCC) were included. Total and single-MAFLD HCC prevalence was 48.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 34.5–63.0%) and 12.4% (95% CI 8.3–17.3%), respectively. In HCC due to chronic hepatitis B, C, and alcohol-related liver disease, mixed-MAFLD prevalence was 40.0% (95% CI 30.2–50.3%), 54.1% (95% CI 40.4–67.6%) and 64.3% (95% CI 52.7–75.0%), respectively. Mixed-MAFLD HCC had significantly higher likelihood of cirrhosis and lower likelihood of metastatic spread compared to single-MAFLD HCC, and a higher platelet count and lower likelihood of macrovascular invasion compared to non-MAFLD HCC.Conclusions: MAFLD is common as a sole aetiology, but more so as a co-factor in mixed-aetiology HCC, supporting the use of positive diagnostic criteria.
Infestation of Lithodes santolla by Eremitione tuberculata: spatial and temporal variations in parasite prevalence and effect on host growth
Authors: Colombo JS , Varisco M
Published: April 2024

The southern king crab (SKC) Lithodes santolla is a crustacean parasitised by the bopyrid Eremitione tuberculata. This study aimed to analyse spatial and temporal variations in E. tuberculata prevalence in the juvenile SKC population of San Jorge Gulf (SJG) and adjacent waters (Argentine Patagonia), and evaluate the effects of the parasite on SKC juveniles to improve our understanding of its impact as a disease on SKC health condition. Moult increment and body weight were compared between parasitised and unparasitised individuals. The prevalence of E. tuberculata in SKC juveniles varied both spatially and temporally. In the south of SJG, the prevalence was 54.5% (n = 11). Temporal prevalence analysis revealed values lower than 17.4% in mid SJG during May and September 2015. No significant differences were observed in E. tuberculata prevalence between sexes or among seasons. Eremitione tuberculata had a negative effect on SKC growth (lower body dry mass, moult increment and relative increment rate) in parasitised individuals. We hypothesised that the higher prevalence of E. tuberculata in the south SJG could be attributed to the retention of parasite larvae and the presence of the frontal system in this part of the gulf. The temporal variations could reflect host mortality. Our results suggest that bopyrid infestation may have a more important role than previously believed in the dynamics of the SKC population in mid-Patagonia.
Mathematical Modeling and Econometric Analysis of Composite Fuel Combustion Process
Authors: Tazhikbaeva S. , Tashpolotov Y.
Published: April 2024

In this article, the process of combustion of composite fuel is studied. Particles of hydrocarbon fuel were taken as the object of research. The analysis of the combustion process is carried out on the basis of mathematical modeling. The created mathematical model was solved by the numerical method of finite elements using the Elcut program, and a computer model was developed. The results obtained on the basis of the numerical method were compared with the experimental results, as well as an econometric analysis and forecast based on the regression model. A comparison of the results obtained by the finite element method using the Elcut program with experimental data shows that the error is on average 5% and indicates the physical validity of the equations and boundary conditions (1)-(7) for the mathematical modeling of the considered tasks and use of the Elcut program for numerical calculations.
Interaction of Valine with Biometal Chlorides in an Aqueous Environment at 25°C
Authors: Bektasheva U. , Altybaeva D. , Abdullaeva Zh. , Mataipova A.
Published: April 2024

Research in medical biology and pharmacology can expand understanding of the interactions of biometals with amino acids, which are key components of biological systems. This may lead to the development of new complexes that can be used in medicine, for example, to develop new drugs with antimicrobial activity or to maintain metabolic balance in the body. Research purpose:obtaining complex compounds of biometals, cobalt chloride, nickel chloride and manganese chloride with the amino acid valine, as well as the study of their physicochemical and biological properties. For the analysis, the Kjeldahl method was used to determine the nitrogen content. The composition of the formed crystals was analyzed by IR spectroscopy. The structure and shape of cobalt, nickel and manganese crystals were determined using a microscope. The identity of the obtained compounds was confirmed by IR spectroscopy and microscopic analyses. We can conclude that valine in the complex is coordinated to metal ions through the oxygen atoms of the carboxyl and nitrogen groups of the amine groups.
To the Ecology of Bumblebees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus) in Talysh
Authors: Aliyev Kh. , Huseynzade G.
Published: April 2024

The Talysh zone (Lenkoran natural area), due to different types of landscapes and climate, has a rich fauna and flora, many of which are endemic. There are 28 species of bumblebees living here, belonging to 7 zoogeographical complexes, which makes up 55% of the bumblebee fauna of Azerbaijan. In the lowlands and in foothill landscapes up to an altitude of 1000 m, where a humid subtropical climate prevails, only 4 species of bumblebees were found. In the zone of dry steppes and settled meadows, at approximately an altitude of 1400 to 2400 m, where a dry continental climate prevails, bumblebees are represented by 18 species. Bumblebees, with their perfect social life, are active throughout the season. As a result of studying the phenology of bumblebees’ flight, it was revealed that in the study area they begin flying from the beginning of April (4 species). During the summer months the number of species reaches its maximum (an average of 25 species). From the beginning of autumn, the growing season of flowering plants ends, and the number of bees decreases, but the number of bumblebee species is comparatively greater.
Bee Pollinators of Feed Crops of Ganja-Dashkesan Economic Region of Azerbaijan
Authors: Huseynzade G. , Mammadzade N.
Published: April 2024

As a result of the study of bee pollinators of forage plants in the Ganja-Dashkesan economic region, 128 species of bees belonging to 6 families and 32 genera were identified. The first bees appear in mid-March in low-lying semi-deserts and foothill steppes up to altitudes of no more than 400 m above sea level (10 species from the families Megachilidae, Andrenidae and Apidae) Since April, a lot of spring species appear (40 species from the families Megachilidae, Andrenidae, Apidae, Melittidae and Halictidae). In May, the bee fauna changes dramatically both quantitatively and qualitatively. 82 species of bees already fly. In June, the largest number of bee species fly (91 species). The second month of summer, July, is characterized by a slightly smaller number of species of flying bees (88 species). This is explained, first of all, by a decrease in the food supply, i. e. flowering vegetation, which is richest in spring and early summer — June. The last month of summer, August, is characterized by an even greater decrease in bee species — 62. Since the beginning of autumn, in September, the number of flying species has sharply decreased (22 species). Only bees of the Hylaeusand Bombus genera retain a high number of species. In October, the number of bee species naturally becomes almost half as small (10 species). The species composition and abundance of forage pollinators changes throughout the season. For example, in the phase of the first flowering (late May – early June), bees of the genera Andrena, Eucera, Megachile are found in alfalfa fields, and in July-August, before the second cutting, an increase in the number of bees Halictus and Bombus was noted. Effective pollinators of forage plants of economic importance — oligotrophs on legumes Melitta leporina, Nomia diversipes, polytrophic species Andrena carbonaria, A. ovatula, Melitturga clavicornis, Halictus tetrazonius, Lasioglossum leucozonium, Megachile centuncularis, Osmia coerulescens, Eucera clypeata, Xylocopa violacea, Bombus lucorum and others. These species accounted for 60% of the bees in the alfalfa plots.
Air Pollution as a Problem of the Modern World
Authors: Topchubaeva E. , Abdykarova A. , Zholdoshova S. , Abdullaeva M. , Kadyrali-kyzy B. , Topchubaeva B. , Abdullaeva Zh.
Published: April 2024

Research relevance: the development of diseases and pathological conditions caused by air pollution depends on the types of pollutants, their physical and chemical characteristics, while air pollution increases the incidence of respiratory diseases. Research objectives: to develop a scheme for the pathogenesis of the development of immunological disorders in the body of people living in conditions of exposure to atmospheric air pollutants, to conduct a statistical analysis of factors influencing the development of allergic rhinitis and the development of bronchial asthma. Research materials and methods: a study of the characteristics of atmospheric air was carried out in three places in Kyrgyzstan: in the area of ​​the village Papan, near the village Gulbar, and Aravan district and near the Osh city. The study was an open, prospective, non-interventional, observational study in parallel groups. The study participants included residents of three regions of the Kyrgyz Republic, depending on the degree of air pollution. Research results: the data obtained indicated that people living in different regions of the Kyrgyz Republic with varying degrees of atmospheric pollution exhibit significant differences in indicators indicating pathology of the upper respiratory tract and allergization of the body. Conclusions: The harmful effects of air pollution and climate change on human health can be largely prevented through the timely adoption of the necessary legislation.
Strategy for Weed Control in Potato Fields of the Ganja-Dashkesan Region of Azerbaijan
Authors: Allahverdiev E. , Khankishiev E.
Published: April 2024

The impact of integrated weed control measures is assessed. One of the factors that worsens the productivity of a potato plant, and its quality indicators is weed infestation. Weeds choke plants. The research was carried out in the Samukh district of the Ganja-Dashkesan economic region. It was established that the degree of weeding of alternating and continuous potato crops was significantly influenced by complex measures. the use of herbicides through proper agrotechnical processing of the growing season in a potato field cultivated in alternating and continuous crops. This has a positive effect on the productivity of the potato plant, its quality indicators, and creates the basis for the environmental safety of products. Data are provided on various methods of treating plantings against weeds.
Investigation of the Effect of Indolyl Acetic Acid and Naphthenic Acid on the Root Development of Olive Cuttings
Authors: Javadova A.
Published: April 2024

The influence of growth factors on the development of callus and roots in the biennial cuttings of the olive plants were investigated in a comparative manner. The experiments were conducted in the greenhouse of the Absheron Experimental Station. One-year and two-year cuttings of the olive plant were taken as the object of the study. Growth agents (indolyl acetic acid and Na+-salt of naphthenic acid) were used to influence the rapid rooting of shoots. During the conducted experiments, different results were obtained in different options. In comparison with the control variant, the positive effect of indolyl acetic acid and Na+-salt of naphthenic acid on olive cuttings were observed. According to the conducted studies, it was found that the rooting of the cuttings was accelerated as a result of the effect of growth substances. The number of rooting and callus was higher in two-year cuttings than in one-year cuttings. Thus, 49 out of 60 (81%) two-year cuttings were rooted by using of indolyl acetic acid, and 50 were rooted (83%) when callus was exposed to the Na+-salt of naphthenic acid, in 9 were observed having callus, only in 1 wasn’t observed development. The Na+-salt of Naphthenic acid had a better effect on rooting and the number of calluses among growth substances. As a result, it was determined that for the rapid development of the olive plant, cuttings should be taken from healthy and well-nourished trees and Naphthenic acid Na+-salt should be kept for a specified time (12 hours) and concentration (0.005%)
Dermatitis Caused by Stress in Quails and Measures to Combat Them
Authors: Mammadova A.
Published: April 2024

The research work was carried out in the vivarium of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of ASAU and in the Education-experimental Center for Quail Breeding on White texas breed quails in the period of temperature stress in the building and under the shed. When quail broods are kept under shed in June, July, August, temperature stress occurs among quails as a result of air temperature higher than 38-42°C, and as a result, large changes in homeostasis occur, as well as due to prolonged sunlight during the day, as in ornamental birds. Dermatitis disease also occurs among quail birds. Dermatitis disease is different — allergic, chemical, physical, etc. arises under the influence. The article shows ways to prevent dermatitis caused by temperature stress and strong sunlight. 100 grams of Anti Stress Forte WSP drug was added to 120 liters of water in order to prevent the formation of large changes in homeostasis and the formation of the photo-contact form of dermatitis on the skin of quails as a result of temperature stress during this period, as a result of the rise in temperature and the long duration of direct sunlight should be applied, in case of prolonged exposure to the sun’s rays, a curtain made of white polyethylene should be placed on the front part of the shed. While investigating the dermatitis disease caused by temperature stress and long-term exposure to sunlight, we determined the clinical-physiological condition and productivity of the mother quails.
Use of Immunostimulators in the Prevention of Coronavirus Disease in Calves
Authors: Zeynalova Sh. , Abbasov V. , Bagirzade B.
Published: April 2024

Vaccination and passive immunization, disinfection and biosecurity, feeding and feeding, care, hygiene and immune status of animals are essential to prevent BCoV diseases, limit the use of antibacterial drugs and reduce the subsequent emergence of microbial resistance, improve the quality of animal products and animals. Multivalent vaccines are now available to limit the spread of the virus and achieve hyperimmune herd passive immunization in calves, which may protect or reduce the severity of BCoV diarrhea in calves. The importance of passive immunization is noted. An oral live vaccine has also been developed to prevent diarrhea in calves. Studies have also been conducted on the use of intranasal BCoV vaccination in calves against bovine respiratory disease and winter dysentery.
Outpatient Surgery Center - Modern Capabilities
Authors: Yarikov A. , Rumyantseva E. , Mukhin A. , Fraerman A. , Perlmutter O. , Kletskin A. , Tsybusov S. , Baitinger A. , Selyaninov K. , Baitinger V. , Lipatov K. , Pavlova E. , Novikov D. , Garcia A. , Tutkin A.
Published: April 2024

Outpatient surgery is a rapidly developing independent area of surgery with its specific ideology, features and perspectives. It increases the availability of planned surgical care, allows to expand the number of surgical invasions on early disease stages, significantly reduces the rehabilitation time for patients, while treating patients is much cheaper than in a hospital and increases the competence of medical personnel. Providing outpatient surgical care in a multidisciplinary hospital makes it possible to solve a number of medical, economic and social problems: rationally use the bed capacity of inpatient departments, reduce the risk of purulent complications, minimize the psycho-emotional trauma from hospital stay, increase the income of the institution and develop medical tourism.
Employing Algorithms in Cosmetic Facial Surgery
Authors: Tukeshov S. , Nurdinov B. , Mamatov U. , Alybaev U. , Kadyraliev U.
Published: April 2024

The aim is to evaluate the scientific literature on the creation and application of algorithms in clinical settings, with a focus on their efficacy. Material and methods. The literature search was performed using the databases Scopus, Medline (PubMed), eLibrary (in total: 32 scientific papers). Results. The acquisition of data pertaining to the principles of algorithm development was accomplished, and the notion that algorithms will increasingly be adopted across a range of plastic surgery specialties was validated. Conclusions. Based on scientific research data, it can be inferred that the development and implementation of algorithms play a significant role in an aesthetic surgeon’s work in surgical practice. All authors unanimously support the effectiveness of integrating algorithms into clinical practice, some of which were developed by them for the first time. When planning and executing surgical procedures, it is emphasized to base on individual patient data, as well as the relevance of such developments in improving the achievement of better surgical correction outcomes. In some instances, the implementation of algorithms in clinical practice has led to a significant improvement in patients' quality of life after the interventions. Each correction method has its unique effectiveness. The positive results of the work on the development and implementation of algorithms in clinical practice suggest that the development of this type for aesthetic interventions on the lower third of the face would allow for: 1) improved aesthetic outcomes, 2) enhanced intervention quality, 3) a reduction in the number of interventions necessary to achieve a positive and long-lasting effect, 4) a decrease in the likelihood of short-term and long-term postoperative complications, and 5) lower treatment costs and shorter treatment duration.
Obesity in the 21st Century. Prevalence, Phenotypes, Course Variants and Consequences
Authors: Murkamilov I. , Ymankulov D. , Sabirova A. , Raimzhanov Z. , Sabirov I. , Khakimov Sh. , Yusupova Z. , Yusupova T. , Yusupov F.
Published: April 2024

The review article examines the issues of obesity regarding its prevalence, phenotypes, course and consequences. The anatomical, physiological and functional features of adipose tissue are discussed. The “Discussion” section presents the authors’ own clinical observations on therapeutic and surgical issues in the treatment of obesity. Currently, adipose tissue is divided into white, brown and beige. White and brown adipose tissue can turn into each other through the beige adipose tissue stage. The volume and activity of brown adipose tissue require greater expenditure in the metabolism of oxygen molecules and are more pronounced in women. The components of the extracellular matrix of adipose tissue are collagen types I, III, V, VI. The collagen structure of adipose tissue varies depending on the location, volume and size of fat, age, gender, functional state of the kidneys, thyroid gland, nature of food, energy expenditure and sleep patterns. With intense work and cold exposure, the hormone irisin is formed in skeletal muscles, which promotes the transformation of white adipose tissue into brown or beige, helps reduce body weight in obesity, and has a beneficial effect on the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated diseases. Traditionally, obese individuals are divided into metabolically healthy obesity and metabolically unhealthy obesity based on the degree of metabolic disorders. In visceral fat, lipolysis occurs with high intensity, which supports the development of inflammation. In obesity, decreased expression of adiponectin accelerates the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. As body weight increases, visceral adipose tissue acquires an inflammatory phenotype, manifested by increased expression of cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-1, interleukin-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), hyperactivation of the tissue renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, as well as excessive cell infiltration immune system (leukocytes, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages). During inflammation in adipose tissue, inflammatory (M1) and atherogenic (M4) phenotypes of macrophages dominate. In morbid obesity, the number of macrophages in adipose tissue can reach up to 50% of all cells.
Leukocyte Profile in Experimental Animals When Modeling Aseptic Inflammation of Soft Tissues in Low-altitude Conditions and During the Period of Deadaptation to High-altitudes
Authors: Mamakeev K. , Umetaliev Yu. , Abdyshev E. , Niyazov B. , Niyazova S. , Dinlosan O.
Published: April 2024

An analysis of the results of the leukocyte profile in experimental animals was carried out when modifying aseptic inflammation of soft tissues during the period of deadaptation to high-altitude conditions. The dynamics of the reparative process were assessed on days 3, 7, 15, 20 and 30 of the study, including assessment and monitoring of the course of the wound process based on local clinical data, leukocyte count indicators according to generally accepted methods.
Measles Outbreaks in Modern Times: Vaccination Problems in the Territory of Jalal-Abad Region of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2023
Authors: Temirova V. , Uraimov R. , Temirov N. , Zholdoshev S.
Published: April 2024

An analysis of the incidence of measles infection among the population showed an increasing trend in the incidence of measles, which amounted to 1823 cases, of which 92.2% (n = 1682) were children under 14 years of age. The vast majority of outbreaks of this disease are associated with limited coverage of the population in vaccination programs. This study revealed low vaccination coverage of children in 2020 — 94-95%, for 2022 — 93.8-94.8%, which is associated with various reasons (not reaching age, medical withdrawal, parental refusal to vaccinate, population migration and with unknown vaccination status, etc.).
Comparative Characteristics of Mortality of Children Due to Road Traffic Injuries in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Ten E. , Kurmanova A. , Ibraimova D.
Published: April 2024

High death rates due to road accidents are characteristic of most countries of the world and the problem is global. The United Nations General Assembly has adopted an ambitious goal to halve the number of road traffic fatalities and injuries worldwide by 2030. In the Kyrgyz Republic, the number of traffic accidents increased from 5868 in 2016 to 7041 cases in 2022. In the dynamics of road accidents in the regions of the republic, an increase trend in 2019-2020 was revealed, which was replaced by a decrease in 2022, with the exception of the city of Bishkek with a sharp increase of +70.2%. Regions with a high frequency of road accidents were Chui, Issyk-Kul regions and the cities of Bishkek and Osh. Starting from 2018, 2019 and 2021, with road accidents due to the fault of the driver, injuries to children increased, especially in 2021 in all regions of the republic. In 2022, injuries decreased, only in the Batken, Naryn and Chui regions there was an increase. By region, Batken, Talas, Jalal-Abad and Issyk-Kul regions prevail. The highest rates of increase in mortality of children in road accidents due to the fault of the driver were observed in 2019-2022. Regions with a high mortality rate of children in traffic accidents due to the fault of the driver include the Chui, Talas, Naryn and Issyk-Kul regions. It is necessary in road safety policy to ensure a holistic (systemic) approach to solving the problem of reducing road traffic injuries and mortality.
Features of Hemodynamics of Retinal Vessels in Hypermetropic and Myopic Defoci during Treatment with Orthokeratological Lenses
Authors: Usenko V. , Absatarova N.
Published: April 2024

Conduct a study of the hemodynamics of retinal vessels in eyes with myopia with hypermetropic and myopic defocuses: 60 eyes (30 patients) with mild myopia and 100 eyes (50 patients) with moderate myopia were examined. The average age of the patients was 12.0±0.38 years. The average degree of myopia was — (−) 2.2±0.25 D with a mild degree; (−) 4.7±0.22 D at average; The control group consisted of 40 eyes (20 patients) with emmetropia, average age -13.0±0.27 years. Along with generally accepted research methods, the following were carried out: autorefractometry, ophthalmometry, biometry, keratotopography, binocular ophthalmoscopy, OST of the optic disc and macula, OST-A with calimetry, ultrasound of the vessels of the central nervous system and central veins. All patients were fitted with orthokeratological lenses of reverse geometry Moonlens from Sky Optix, with repeated examinations after 1-3-6-12-24 months. With a weak degree of myopia, a narrowing of the caliber of the vessels of the central nervous system was revealed to 71.0±0.60 µm in 14.8% with hypermetropic defocus, with the absence of narrowing of these vessels with myopic defocus. With an average degree of myopia, narrowing of the vessels of the central nervous system to 66.1±0.60 μm was detected in 55% (55 eyes) with hypermetropic defocus, versus 35.8% (36 eyes) with the caliber of the vessels of the central nervous system — 68.6±0.57 μm (P <0.05). Along with this, in patients with an average degree of myopia, a narrowing of the vessels of the central vein with hypermetropic defocus was found to 93.1±0.59 μm in 72.7% (73 eyes), versus 56.4% (56 eyes) with myopic defocus. In both groups, normalization of LBF in the central vascular system to 5.8±0.59 cm/sec and 5.3±0.63 cm/sec with myopic defocus was revealed, and LBF in the central vein to 15.3±0.64 cm/sec. sec with average degree of myopia (P <0.05). In both groups, an increase in the resistivity coefficient (RI) was found to 0.85±0.54 (P <0.01). Conducted studies of OCT-A with calimetry of the vessels of the central nervous system and central nervous system in moderate myopia revealed a significant decrease in the frequency of vasoconstriction in myopic defocus. When examining vessels using ultrasound, a significant normalization of LBF in the central nervous system and central veins was revealed, with myopic defocus with mild and moderate myopia during treatment with orthokeratological lenses. Accordingly, the state of eye hemodynamics may be one of the factors in the effectiveness of treating myopia with orthokeratological lenses.
Research of the Dynamics of Mortality of the Population of Kyrgyzstan from COVID-19 and Its Visualization
Authors: Malikova Z. , Ashimov E.
Published: April 2024

In this article was considered a dynamic of mortality in Kyrgyzstan from COVID-19. The time period for study is 2020. As an initial data were used data of the National Statistics Committee and Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Kyrgyz Republic. The research methodology is described in detail and the research results are reflected.
Using Quail Eggs for Medical Purposes
Authors: Edilbekova A.
Published: April 2024

The composition of quail eggs was studied. Due to their beneficial properties, quail eggs are used in the treatment of allergic diseases, obesity and asthma in medicine. Purpose of the study: to inform about the beneficial properties and use of quail eggs in medicine, the chemical composition of quail eggs and how to choose a quail egg for use. A review of the scientific literature on the medicinal properties of quail eggs is provided, as well as the results of the authors’ own observations. In addition to the known anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties, immunostimulating, brain-improving, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antiviral, and radioprotective properties have been noted.