bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PATHOLOGICAL MORPHOLOGY OF PIROPLASMOSIS IN CATTLE
Authors: Balgimbaeva Aizhan , Schabdarbaeva Gulnar , Ibazhanova Assem , Kenzhebekova Zhuldyzay
Published: October 2015

Piroplasmosis in cows manifests mainly as a violation of erythrocytes, degenerative changes in parenchymal organs, general jaundice, hemosiderosis, and splenic hyperplasia. First, it affects the liver, followed by a violation of the digestive system; then, kidney function is impaired resulting in a breach of toxic substance released from the body. The blood is depleted in the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and hemoglobin. From decaying under the influence of parasite, hemoglobin is released from the red blood cells and is partially excreted by the kidneys in urine, resulting in the urine becoming dark red in color (hence, the disease is colloquially called “blood urine”). Hemoglobin part is processed into bile pigments; however, visible mucous membranes (eyes and mouth), skin, and subcutaneous tissue become yellowish.
THE EFFECT OF CONTINUOUS SUBCUTANEOUS INSULIN INFUSION TREATMENT, INSULIN ANALOG, AND HUMAN INSULIN OF CHILDREN WITH DIABETES
Authors: Petkova Elina , Petkova Valentina , Petrova Guenka , Konstantinova Maya
Published: October 2015

The aim of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of  continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) to multiple daily insulin injection (MDI) either with analogues or with human insulin, based on the achieved therapeutic results such as changes in glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1c) in the various therapies. The study was performed with children with type-1 diabetes in Bulgaria. The objective of this study was to serve for the Bulgarian National Health Fund (NHIF).Methods: A combined retrospective and prospective study was performed at the Endocrinology diabetes and genetic diseases clinic.51 children with type-1 diabetes were observed for 7 months diveded into three group: Group 1- on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII); Group 2- on multiple daily insulin analogues injections (MDI) and Group 3 – on human insulin (HI).Patient demographic data, age, sex, weight, duration of disease, HbA1c – values before the start of the study and after the end of the observation and type of treatment (CSII; MDI or HI) were observed. Cost-effectiveness, sensitivity and statistical analyses are applied to studied long-term therapeutic results.Results: The three groups of observed children do not differ statistically in age and gender. Most of the participants in Group 1 and Group 2 have suffered from diabetes from 5,6 years. The duration of diabetes was lower in the group of human insulin. All studied children are treated. By all of them the results of the treatment improved, but in the Group 1 the improvement of HbA1c is the highest. The average improvement of HbA1c in the Group 1 after the CSII introduction is 1.85, while after the application of analogue insulin is 0,59 and 0,28 respectively in the Group 3 after the treatment on human insulin.The cost of insulin pump, consumables- infusion set and insulin reservoir, blood glucose monitoring system, strips, needles and insulin cost was calculated.The total cost ot the treatment of diabetes with insulin pump for 7 months is 2358,85Euro; 856,98 Euro in the Group 2 on MDI and 744,24 Euro for 7 months in the Group 3 on human insulin.The differences in costs and therapeutic results permit to conduct cost- effectiveness analysis by comparing of the three alternatives.Our study shows that the CSII pumps allows better diabetes control compared to the treatment with analogue insulin and human insulin. Insulin pumps are also cost- effectiveness alternative for children with type 1 diabetes.
USE OF METHYL JASMONATE TO ENHANCE THE PRODUCTION OF 6-METHOXYPODOPHYLLOTOXIN IN CELL CULTURES OF LINUM THRACICUM SSP. THRACICUM
Authors: Sasheva Pavlina , Ionkova Iliana
Published: October 2015

Secondary metabolites, such as lignans have important ecological role for plants and at the same time are lead structures for drug design in human medicine. The aryltetralin type of lignans are strong cytotoxic agents and are found in members of the genus Linum (Linaceae).Objective: In vitro cultures of Linum thracicum ssp. thracicum were developed to identify a medium type and an elicitation technique that favor enhanced production of the aryltetralin lignan 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin.Method: Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid were administered to four cell lines of Linum thracicum ssp. thracicum for 24 and 72 hours. The 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin was identified by HPLS-ESI-MS/MS in positive ion mode, and its production was determined via quantitative HPLC analysis.Results: A cell line, called Li-20, which was developed in reduced sucrose environment proved to be the fastest growing and the highest producing among the tested cell lines. Within 24 hours upon MJ elicitation, the eight-day-old Li-20 increased 2.3-fold in 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin content, reaching 4.3 mg on a dry weight basis. Negative or no effect was registered after salicylic acid application.Conclusion: MJ elicitation is an effective strategy to improve the 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin accumulation within short periods of time, and an optimization of the cultivation medium beforehand is a prerequisite in the pipeline.
COMPOSITION OF MAJOR ORGANIC ACIDS IN VEGETABLES AND SPICES
Authors: Priecina Liga , Karklina Daina
Published: October 2015

Organic acids are one of the major phytochemicals in vegetables and responsible for food taste and odor. Different organic acids are analyzed in fruits and cereals, but least in vegetables and spices. Organic acids has been analyzed because of their high importance in the formation of other phytochemical and increased antioxidant activity. The aim of the current research was to determine the oxalic, tartaric, quinic, malic, malonic, ascorbic, citric, fumaric, succinic, salicylic and benzoic acid content in fresh and pre-treated (with steam) vegetables and spices using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Major organic acids in highest concentrations in spices and vegetables are quinic, malic, malonic and citric acids. Spices contain higher total organic acid content than vegetables. Using steaming as pre-treatment, some of the organic acids content significantly decreased. Obtained changes could be explained by the organic acid formation into more complex chemicals in food or metabolic process. For the future, these changes will be combined with individual phenolic compound changes in analyzed samples.
THE USE OF EYE TRACKING TO ASSESS THE USABILITY OF UNIVERSITY WEBSITE
Authors: Kvasnicová Terézia , Kremeňová Iveta
Published: October 2015

Websites, nowadays, are used not only as a sales method and information tool, but also as a communication tool. Almost every company has a website. Universities and colleges understand their strength, too. In this article, we describe theory of usability of university website and one of the usability testing methods—eye tracking. We use eye tracking to assess the usability of University of Žilina website. We present and use different analysis: Scan Path and Focus map. We identify many usability problems whose removal will help to create new pages and, thus, increasing their effectiveness.
GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF POPLAR SPECIES IN SOUTHEASTERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Sarsekova Dani
Published: October 2015

A small area of forestation and an acute shortage of timber are reasons to seek ways to improve  productivity and the rational use of forests in the territory of Kazakhstan. A deficit in timber can be compensated, to some extent, by planting stands of fast-growing plantation species, including top and hybrid Populus spp, which are commonly referred to as “poplar”.There is an increased interest in poplar, globally, due to its organic traits and the economic value it provides, including:rapid growth and ability to produce wood that is technically suitable for cutting within 20 years of planting;a source of suitable timber for use in most industries;the ability to grow in soils that are not  generally suitable for agricultural use;a potential source of timber for widespread use in screening, landscape and recreational plantings; andthe ability of most poplar species and hybrids to asexually propagate.There has been extensive planting of poplar trees in Kazakhstan, especially in the south and south-east. Poplar trees have been planted in populated areas, along roads and in forest stands. However, these plantings are unsuitable as a source of timber for commercial or ornamental purposes. Hence, there is a need to establish plantations of poplar for timber supply in Kazakhstan.The  most common types of poplar in this country are the deltoid, Algerian, and Bolle, which were used in the extensive greenery planting of southeastern Kazakhstan. The main factors ensuring high productivity of poplar plantations are the soil conditions of fertility, good aeration and adequate moisture. Results of this study indicate that the greatest height increase occurs in these trees between the age of 5 and 10 years, and for trunk diameter, between the age of 4 and 9 years. After this age, the growth rate gradual declines, with a sharp fall off in the rate noticeable between years 14 and 16. Additionally, results of this study show the high productivity of poplar plantations, in plot sizes 2.5 to 3 m by 1.5 to 2 m, with 2000 – 3000 trees per hectare. This compares with the production of timber mass from stands of 5000 – 7000 trunks per hectare, which leads to rapid growth of trees in height, but an earlier growth reduction in diameter.
Leadership and learning disability nursing
Authors: Jukes Mark , Aspinall Susan-Louise
Published: October 2015

Leadership is seen as critical for the transformation of learning disability services and has been further emphasised since the publication of Transforming Care, the Department of Health's response to the review of events at Winterbourne View. What is clear within learning disability nursing and services is the demand for leadership in the quest for improving the quality and effectiveness of services across health and social care. This article discusses the challenges for the undergraduate learning disability nurse with the recommendation to pursue a framework that promotes and focuses on integrating knowledge transfer into services for people with a learning disability. It explores practice change using the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARiHS) framework, and the example of the involvement of service users in practitioner training on the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and consent and capacity to consent for treatment.
Preparedness and training in staff responding to a burns disaster
Authors: May Jolyon , Colbert David , Rea Suzanne , Wood Fiona , Nara-Venkata Raghav
Published: October 2015

Effective disaster response is preceded by effective disaster planning, and insufficient staff training has been identified as a problem in the preparation of hospitals for major incidents. Despite this, little is known about the exact levels of training doctors and nurses responding to a disaster receive. The authors conducted a six-question survey delivered to staff involved in the hospital response to a burns mass disaster in Western Australia. The occupation, and also the clinical area in which the respondent worked, influenced the level of training they received. Training in formal disaster courses and practical exercises in mock disaster situations needs to be ongoing for all staff members for correct implantation of disaster plans. Findings may be useful in informing current and future efforts to improve hospital preparedness.
Prostate cancer survivorship: a nurse-led service model
Authors: Ferguson Jill , Aning Jonathan
Published: October 2015

A significant proportion of men suffer side effects and are acknowledged to have unmet physical, functional and psychological needs after prostate cancer treatment. A nurse-led survivorship programme was implemented at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust for men with prostate cancer. This article describes implementation of the model and presents the results of an early evaluation to assess its impact. In the first 6 months 169 men (90% of those invited) engaged in the survivorship programme. Holistic needs assessments in particular were found to be invaluable for addressing individual men's needs and signposting them to relevant services. Collaboration between existing organisations and initiatives across primary and secondary care resulted in the establishment of a comprehensive network of services available to men on the programme. The nurse-led Newcastle survivorship model has been able to deliver individualised survivorship care with a high satisfaction rating within routine NHS practice.
Volunteering in Tanzania with Bridge2aid
Authors: Watkins Laura
Published: October 2015

In this article, Laura Watkins, a dental nurse working in the Midlands, shares her story of how she volunteered with Bridge2aid, and her experiences in Tanzania
Patients with eating disorders: the role of the dental nurse
Authors: Douglas Linda
Published: October 2015

This article provides an overview of eating disorders, and how dental nurses can aid in the management of their dental care
An overview of modern orthodontic solutions
Authors: Horridge Gayna
Published: October 2015

Traditional orthodontic appliances have carried the stigma of being unsightly and uncomfortable for the patient. Modern solutions encourage people to receive the treatment they need, with systems designed to offer pleasing aesthetics and optimal oral hygiene maintenance
From dental nurse to dentist
Authors: Wheddon Helen
Published: October 2015

In this article, Helen Wheddon talks about her career, and why she chose to move roles from a dental nurse to become a dentist
How dental nurses stay out of trouble
Authors: Smith Nicola Burnett
Published: October 2015

In this article, Nicola Burnett Smith discusses misconduct within practice. To stay out of trouble, dental nurses can ensure that they adhere to best practice both in and out of the workplace
The Apocalyptic Creole, from Dessalines to the Chimères
Authors: Munro Martin
Published: October 2015

In this article, I explore the idea of the hybrid, creolized subject in Haiti as a kind of living phantom. To do so, I refer initially to the notion of the “Creole Dessalines,” the idea that Haiti’s first leader was island-born and culturally creole. I then move forward in time 200 years, to just before the bicentenary, a time that seemed to usher back into Haitian society figures that appear to echo in many ways the creole Dessalines in their ambiguous, contradictory values, actions, and relations to broader Haitian society. These figures are the so-called Chimères, the term used to refer to the gangs from the shantytowns of Port-au-Prince who were used in the service of Jean-Bertrand Aristide’s government and who developed a reputation for extreme violence, used against the antigovernment popular movement. Beginning with a discussion of the origins of the Chimères, I will then focus on three works in which the Chimères figure prominently: the documentary films Ghosts of Cité Soleil and Haïti, la fin des chimères , and Lyonel Trouillot’s Bicentenaire . In all but Trouillot’s work, the prominent Chimères brothers known as Billy and Tupac are featured, which allows one to move from the general conceptions of the Chimères into the particular realities of these individual lives.
What Are “Reverse Diasporas” and How Are We to Understand Them?
Authors: Hess Christin
Published: October 2015

This article presents empirical evidence from two contemporary diasporas to support the thesis that formal return to the homeland does not necessarily “unmake” diasporas, as some scholars have previously suggested. I argue that, instead, so-called reverse diaspora formation processes take place, with important repercussions for the acculturation of co-ethnic immigrants in their nominal “homelands.” This article focuses on this latter issue, primarily on processes of identity formation and notions of belonging and home, which are particularly meaningful in the context of this diasporic “homecoming.” It draws on the structured comparison of the ethnic Greek and ethnic German diasporas from the former Soviet Union who moved to Greece and Germany after perestroika. Despite their rich and illuminating analogies and overlaps, these two diaspora groups have never been compared and contrasted before. After a brief historical contextualization, complicated processes of identity negotiation and belonging in the putative “historical homelands” are investigated comparatively, lending credence to the idea that “reverse” German and Greek diasporas have developed within (and often in conflict with) contemporary Greek and German societies. The fact that they occur simultaneously in both countries tends to suggest that the concept of reverse diaspora is an important one that needs closer attention from scholars in the future. The article concludes by outlining how we may conceptualize a reverse diaspora, based on existing definitions of diaspora. My research materials consist of in-depth qualitative data collected over the course of six years by means of eighty-one semi-structured interviews in Russian, German, and Greek with migrants and experts in Greece and Germany, embedded in ethno-graphic research and supplemented by statistical data.
1984 and the Diasporic Politics of Aesthetics: Reconfigurations and New Constellations among Toronto’s Sikh Youth
Authors: Nijhawan Michael
Published: October 2015

This article explores how Sikh youth in Toronto respond—through personal narratives and performative practices—to past events of violence associated with the Indian Army’s 1984 attack on the “Golden Temple” in Amritsar, as well as the anti-Sikh riots in Delhi, India. Arguably, the politics of representation around the “Punjab crisis” of 1984 have been considered crucial for conceptualizing Sikh diaspora formations. However, studying how young Sikh activists relate to these events today and redefine their own sense of diasporic citizenship a generation after the event allows us to challenge both the homogeneous framings of (religious) diaspora and the primary role attributed to trauma through which past injuries are narrated. I shall demonstrate that there is a discursive trope (or tendency) in youth accounts that, on the one hand, asserts an attachment to injury as well as the separatist and nationalist sentiments that have long been embodied in representations of 1984 and, on the other, points to identity formations yet to be defined within the context of emerging “transnational second generations.” Moreover, Sikh youth are engaged in increasingly diverse forms of social justice work and have different motivations for their participation. This research reveals involvement in an emerging grassroots movement that is globally tuned into broader social justice struggles, while maintaining local ties to placespecific engagements and narratives
Roman Glass Gaming Pieces or Jewels
Authors: Olson Kelly
Published: October 2015

Analyse d’objets d’époque romaine de la Collection Tarbell du David and Alfred Smart Museum of Art, Université de Chicago. On peut voir en ces objets de verre des jetons de jeu ou des bijoux. Selon la première identification, ces pièces pourraient appartenir au jeu romain des « voleurs » ( ludus latrunculorum ) dont les règlements nous sont fort mal connus. Aussi nous attarderons-nous aux implications sociales de ce jeu plutôt qu’à sa reconstitution. Dans le second cas, ces objets pourraient être des éléments de bijoux sertis dans des montures de métal tels des chatons de bagues.
Lesbia Oikodomia : Aristotle, Masonry, and the Cities of Lesbos
Authors: Mason Hugh J.
Published: October 2015

À cause de l’inclination naturelle des pierres volcaniques de Lesbos, on devait employer dans la construction dite « lesbienne » une règle de plomb flexible pour joindre les pierres polygonales et curvilignes. C’est cette technique de construction laborieuse et coûteuse, symbole de la puissance et de la richesse des cités de Lesbos, que les Mytiléniens ont choisie pour construire la grande enceinte projetée en 428. à l’époque où se réalisait sous leur égide le synoecisme de l’île. Les Athéniens ont détruit ces murs, mais en 333 la cité était encore entourée d’une enceinte. Il est donc possible qu’Aristote ait été témoin, pendant son séjour à Mytilène en 345/344, de la reconstruction de cette enceinte pour laquelle on employa des techniques « lesbiennes ».
Orpheus and the Ciconian Women: The Crux at Vergil, Georgics 4.520
Authors: Egan Rory B.
Published: October 2015

Pour contourner les insurmontables difficultés suscitées par l’expression quo munere de Gèorgiques IV, 520, nous reprenons une suggestion de E. Courtney selon laquelle il faut placer le vers 521 entre les vers 518 et 519. Grâce à cette correction, nous pouvons employer les différentes versions du mythe d’Orphée pour expliquer ce texte. Cet aspect a trop souvent été négligé dans les interprétations jusqu’ici proposées.
Les témoignages archéologiques sur une clérouquie Athénienne à Sinope
Authors: Fedoseev N. F.
Published: October 2015

Plutarch’s statement, in the context of Pericles’ Pontic expedition ( Per. 20.1–2), that 600 Athenian volunteers were settled at Sinope has either been questioned or completely ignored in general treatments of Athenian cleruchies. These discussions typically depend entirely on written sources, to the exclusion of archaeological arguments. In fact, there are a number of ceramic stamps from Sinope which can contribute to a resolution of the question. The stamps discussed here provide indirect testimony to the fact of the Pontic expedition and to the influence of Athens on the governance and political history of Sinope. This influence is, most probably, a consequence of the presence of Athenians and their incorporation into the polis of Sinope.
Ϲòϲ δ’ οἶκοϲ πᾶϲ βूϲεται δι’ αἵματοϲ: Euripidean Undertones in Cassius Dio’s History
Authors: Moscovich M.J.
Published: October 2015

Dion Cassius. à l’instar de l’élite culturelle de son temps, démontre qu’il était familier avec certaines tragédies d’Euripide puisque, dans son Histoire , il se réfère à ce dramaturge ou le cite textuellement à maintes reprises. La tragédie thébaine, Les Phéniciennes. semble d’ailleurs l’avoir particulièrement touché. Le concept de moralité de Dion est profondément et subtilement influencé par l’œuvre d’Euripide. L’emploi anaphorique que fait Dion du mot μιαιφονृα propre à Euripide, tout au long de son Histoire , mais surtout dans les portraits de Caracalla. Persée, Tibère, Néron, Commode et al ., démontrera notre propos.
Winter in the Comedies of Aristophanes
Authors: Thorburn John E.
Published: October 2015

Étude des références au froid et à l’hiver dans les comedies d’Aristophane, de leurs fonctions dans le répertoire comique du poète, et des associations que fait Aristophane avec le froid. Même si dans son oeuvre l’auteur associe parfois la mauvaise saison à la mauvaise poésie. l’hiver y est plus souvent quelque chose que tente d’éviter M. Tout-Le-Monde, qui recherche plutôt la chaleur agréable. Puisque Aristophane associe l’hiver à la mauvaise poésie, à la pauvreté et à la guerre, cette saison elle-même semble être le contraire de la comédie et ses affinités avec le temps chaud.
Interpreting Winter in the Mosaic of Neptune and the Seasons: Another Look
Authors: Steer Carol E.
Published: October 2015

La mosaïque de Neptune et des Saisons (La Chebba, Tunisie, II e ap. J.-C.) présente un symbolisme de l’hiver particulièrement riche. L’étude de la personnification de l’Hiver et de ses attributs, joint a des scènes de genre figurant les travaux ruraux en hiver, permettent d’en dégager différents niveaux de signification. La dimension astrologique de cette mosaïque apparaît manifeste grâce à l’étude de l’imaginaire romain, tant artistique et que littéraire, à propos de l’animal par excellence de cette saison, le sanglier.
Female and Dwarf Gladiators
Authors: Brunet Stephen
Published: October 2015

Les historiens ont longtemps admis que les empereurs romains faisaient combattre des femmes gladiateurs contre des nains pour produire une étrange parodie des combats de l’arène. Or, un nouvel examen des témoignages au sujet des gladiatrices indique que ces paires de combattants n’ont jamais existé. En réalité, les femmes gladiateurs et venatores n’étaient pas un élément commun des jeux. La raison pour laquelle ces guerrières ont frappé l’esprit de leurs contemporains a mal été comprise. En effet, ce n’était pas leur inaptitude amusante que l’on appréciait chez elles, mais leur talent à faire preuve de valeur guerrière alors qu’on les en considérait incapables.
The Pontificate of Ti. Claudius Nero (Pr. 42)
Authors: Ryan F. X.
Published: October 2015

Cet article démontre qu’il est peu probable que Ti. Nero soit devenu pontificat en 46 (date utilisée dans la littérature secondaire) et propose également des commentaires sur trois autres prêtrises puisque, dans ces cas, la possibilité d’etre élevé au rang de pontificat, à une date aussi tardive, n’est plus envisageable.
Le locus inamoenus de Paulin de Nole: La rhétorique au service du christianisme
Authors: Amherdt David
Published: October 2015

Paulinus of Nola presents his reader with a stereotypical and idealised image of the conversion of barbarians to Christianity, as demonstrated by the study of the motif of the locus inamoenus in his works and in those of his friend Ausonius. Is he distorting reality? His goal was the conversion of his readers: rhetoric, commonplaces, literary echoes—in short, the charm of literature—are enough to win over the reader in late antiquity, who does not necessarily expect from the writer a description of events that is in every respect consistent with reality. What matters most is the manner of speaking. Historians in the twenty first century have to take this factor into account when they are using texts from this period as historical sources.
The Temple of Aphrodite on the Island of Berezan
Authors: Kryzhitskii S. D. , Nazarov V. V.
Published: October 2015

Sur l’île de Berezan, on a identifié une petite structure, récemment découverte à l’intérieur d’une enceinte, à un sanctuaire d’Aphrodite grâce à l’étude de la céramique et d’un groupe de statuettes de terre cuite retrouvé in situ. Construit au milieu ou à la fin du VIe s. av. J.-C. alors que le site connaissait une période de reconstruction majeure, c’est l’un des plus anciens temples excavés sur la côte nord de la mer Noire. Nos études nous permettent de tenter une reconstitution des vestiges où le temple serait in antis et d’ordre dorique ou attique.
Reading Women: Book Rolls on Attic Vases
Authors: Glazebrook Allison
Published: October 2015

Si les portraits de femmes les représentent souvent un livre à la main, il en va autrement des portraits d’hommes et de poètes où cet attribut se fait rare. Cette observation nous porte à croire que la présence du livre souligne davantage les différents rôles sociaux des hommes et des femmes que le niveau d’éducation. Par une étude de l’iconographie et du contexte socioculturel, nous en arrivons à la conclusion que le livre symbolise un mode d’interaction qui s’inscrit en faux avec le caractère oral de la culture des Athéniens du v e siècle av. J.-C. En outre, le livre souligne l’absence d’une voix féminine dans le monde culturel de l’Athènes du v e s.
Pittalacus and Eucles: Slaves in the Public Service of Athens
Authors: Hunter Virginia
Published: October 2015

L’étude de deux personnages ayant vécu à Athènes au IV e s. av. J.-C. éclaire le rôle des esclaves publics au sein de la main-d’œuvre et de la vie de la cité. Le premier, Pittalacos, est connu grâce à Eschine qui nous décrit ses moments de loisirs (I, 53–69). L’épigraphie nous renseigne sur le second. Euclès, scribe professionnel et comptable ( IG II 2 , 120, 1440, 1673). Ces témoignages attestent leur grande compétence et renseignent sur les privilèges dont pouvaient jouir les esclaves publics qualifiés ( demosioi hyperetai ). Au-delà de l’image trop prosaïque de l’esclave public, anonyme et simple ouvrier, nous voyons ce personnage prendre une certaine profondeur.
Choerilus of Samos and Darius’ Bridge: The Scope and Content of the Persica ( SH 316–323)
Authors: MacFarlane Kelly A.
Published: October 2015

À la fin du V e s. av. J.-C., Choïrilos de Samos a écrit une épopée sur les guerres médiques, les Pcrsica ( SH 316–323). On a cru, à tort selon nous, que ce poème ne rapportait que les événements survenus au cours de l’invasion de la Grèce continentale par Xerxès. Nous étayons nos arguments à l’aide de la critique interne et de certaines anecdotes lesquelles suggèrent que le poème racontait aussi l’invasion de la Grèce continentale par Darius et ses expéditions récentes chez les Scythes. Enfin, nous proposons de maintenir tel quel le texte de Strabon au sujet du pont de Darius (VII, 3. 9) et donc de rejeter les lectures qui en font celui de Xerxès.
The Logic of the Myth of the Ages in Hesiod’s Works and Days
Authors: Westra Haijo Jan , Nikolic Milo
Published: October 2015

Le Mythe des Races ou des Âges chez Hésiode répond à une logique exprimant le lien entre mythe (Or, Argent, Bronze) et histoire (Époque héroïque, Âge du Fer I et II). Le lien entre les deux moitiés peut s’exprimer par cette équation: Or: Bronze = Héros: Fer II, ou 1: 3 = 4: 6. On peut aussi illustrer cette formule par un graphique où le modèle d’une vague est employé pour représenter l’univers en expansion et en contraction de l’astronomie contemporaine.
The Imprint of the Soul: Psychosomatic Affection in Plato, Gorgias and the “Orphic” Gold Tablets
Authors: Horky Phillip Sidney
Published: October 2015

Depuis le milieu du V e s. av. J.-C., philosophes, rhéteurs et praticiens des rituels ont tenté d’expliquer le lien entre l’âme et le corps. D’abord, le sophiste Gorgias (Éloge d’Hélène) illustrait ce lien dans le contexte d’un procès impliquant l’âme, laquelle avait été marquée par des forces extérieures. Puis Platon ( Gorgias, La République ) élargissait le débat en explorant, au cours du jugement après la mort, les conséquences qu’entraînaient ces marques sur l’âme et sur le corps. Enfin, les lamelles ‘orphiques’ présentent un cas dans lequel les initiés portent avec eux des somata marqués qui facilitent le passage de l’âme dans l’Au-delà.
The Bath-Gymnasium Complex at Nysa on the Meander: Survey and Excavation, 2010
Authors: Beckmann Martin
Published: October 2015

In July and August 2010, a third campaign of survey and excavation was conducted in and around the bath-gymnasium complex at Nysa on the Meander in southwestern Turkey. There were three main goals: to continue investigating structures in the area of the palaestra and portico by means of focused excavation; to conduct an architectural survey of the extensive remains of the bath building to the south of the gymnasium and traces of a bridge in the gorge to the east; and to investigate the area surrounding the bath-gymnasium complex using geophysical prospection. Excavation in the gymnasium’s palaestra uncovered the easternmost of two 90 m parallel water channels and the foundation of a large column monument. Behind the portico in the southeast corner of the complex, a colonnaded courtyard was found, with marble architectural elements both collapsed and in situ. Mapping of the bath complex helped clarify its size and layout; the supposed presence of a church in this area was disproven. The likely course of a bridge linking the gymnasium to the eastern half of the city was established, and the position of the bridge relative to the preserved stadium seats shows that the south end of the stadium was straight, not rounded. Finally, geophysical prospection to the west and north of the complex shows that the gymnasium was surrounded by a heavily built-up urban area, and the ancient street plan was also revealed over substantial areas.

En juillet et août 2010, une troisième campagne de fouilles du complexe bains-gymnase et de ses alentours a été effectuée à Nysa sur le Méandre, dans le sud-ouest de la Turquie. Trois objectifs principaux étaient poursuivis : continuer à explorer les structures des environs de la palestre et du portique au moyen de fouilles ciblées ; réaliser un relevé architectural des vestiges du bain érigé au sud du gymnase ainsi que d’un probable pont chevauchant le ravin à l’est ; et explorer les alentours du complexe bains-gymnase à l’aide d’une prospection géophysique. Les fouilles de la palestre ont permis de dégager l’une de deux conduites d’eau parallèles, longues de 90 m, et les fondations d’un grand monument à colonne. Derrière le portique, dans le secteur sud-est du complexe, a été découverte une cour à colonnade, dont certains des éléments architecturaux en marbre ont été retrouvés in situ. Grâce à la cartographie, il a été possible de préciser la dimension et le tracé du complexe thermal, et de réfuter l’hypothèse de la présence d’une église dans ce secteur. En outre, le tracé probable d’un pont qui reliait le gymnase à la partie orientale de la cité a été établi, grâce auquel on a pu déterminer que le mur méridional du stade, qui jouxtait le pont, était droit et non courbe. Finalement, un relevé géophysique effectué à l’ouest et au nord du complexe a révélé une zone urbaine à forte densité, en plus de contribuer à notre connaissance du plan urbain.
Viaje a la semilla: La ruta ibérica de Bigas Luna
Authors: Sanabria Carolina
Published: October 2015

The ‘Iberian Portraits’ trilogy is arguably Bigas Luna’s most personal work. After the four-year adventure in an unfamiliar and even hostile environment while working in the United States, the director carefully crafted what would become his bestknown work, especially the first film in the trilogy: Jamón, jamón (1992). The trilogy memorably establishes a link between the feminine and the senses, while implicitly connecting femininity to the earth. All three films also explore a new kind of subjectivity where intimacy is associated with sensuality and is best represented by the consumption of food (and the rituals surrounding it), and the visual attention paid to the different shades of the earth. The trilogy also establishes a contrast between individuality (perhaps bets illustrated in the figure of the unscrupulous social climber of Huevos de oro/Golden Balls [1993]) and collectivity (sublimely exemplified in the castellers that open La teta y la luna/Tit and the Moon [1994]). It is an emotional – rather than geographical – journey that inevitably leads to the nostalgia that taints the lost candour of childhood.
Domingos Tavares: Memórias
Authors: Tavares Domingos
Published: October 2015

No contexto da comemoração dos 20 anos do Departamento de Arquitectura da FCTUC, o evento “A minha escola”, comissariado por Domingos Tavares, põe em evidência, numa perspectiva pessoal, razões e sentidos que contribuem para uma ideia de ensino em arquitectura. A exposição Memórias traz consigo seis personagens e, com eles, lembranças de aprendizagens, testemunhos de que os seus valores e competências constituem um património seguro no processo de transmissão do saber arquitectónico. O evento conclui-se com um debate sobre o ensino da arquitectura.
“Sebentas” of History of Modern Architecture: a project for the teaching of History of Architecture
Authors: Rodrigues José Miguel Neto Viana Brás
Published: October 2015

Resumo Em 2003, Domingos Tavares deu início a um novo projecto editorial intitulado Sebentas de História da Arquitectura Moderna. Como se explica no plano da obra, estas sebentas, em tom monográfico, “traduzem a passagem a escrito do conteúdo das aulas de História da Arquitectura Moderna da FAUP versando o ciclo clássico da arquitectura europeia”. Com a sua concretização nascia uma nova chancela – a Dafne –com ampla e reconhecida obra publicada na área da arquitectura. Parece hoje inquestionável que as Sebentas de História da Arquitectura Moderna pressupõem um projecto de ensino para a História. Como se caracteriza porém esse projecto? Qual o seu ponto de partida e os seus objectivos? Nove anos após o lançamento da primeira Sebenta, pretende-se com este pequeno ensaio analisar e circunscrever o projecto de Domingos Tavares para o ensino da História e, particularmente, o seu valioso contributo para a didáctica do ensino da História da Arquitectura Moderna que, durante décadas, o autor leccionou.   Abstract In 2003, Domingos Tavares has begun a new publishing project entitled “Sebentas” of History of Modern Architecture. As explained in the plan of its published work, these “sebentas” (notes taken from lectures and then typed in the form of a book for university students), in a monographic way, “reflects the transcription of the contents of the lectures of FAUP’s History of Modern Architecture regarding the classical circle of the European architecture. Through its attainment a new label emerged – Dafne – with a widely recognized work published in the realm of architecture. Today it seems unquestionable that the “Sebentas” of History of Modern Architecture implies a teaching project for History. However, how can we characterize this project? What is its starting point and its goals? Nine years has gone since the launch of the first “Sebenta”, so this short essay aims to analyse and circumscribe the Domingos Tavares’s project for the teaching of History and, mainly, their valuable contribution to the learning methods of teaching History of Modern Architecture that, for decades, the author lectured.
Inception
Authors: Barbedo Joana
Published: October 2015

Até que ponto o que sabemos, a nossa memória, não é apenas aquilo que os outros querem que seja?Viajar na memória. Aprender através da memória alheia significa ser moldado pelo olhar discreto de outros. A teoria contemporânea de arquitectura surge na década de 1960, produzida por autores como Jane Rendell, Anne Troutman, Beatriz Colomina, Mark Wigley. Através deles pode perceber-se que a memória está associada à publicidade, aos mass media e à consolidação da história. Como Colomina refere, Le Corbusier [a primeira dona de casa de Wisteria Lane] usa a retórica e a manipulação para construir a sua visão da arquitectura (apud Colomina, 1998, p.1850) e Mies van der Rohe [Mad Man] recorre à publicidade para criar uma imagem coerente (apud Colomina, 1994, p.207). A remontagem (apud Tafuri, 1984, p.207) começa. Agora que os segredos são desvendados, aprendemos a (re)construir a memória.  At what point our knowledge, our memory, is not just what others want it to be?Walk on memory. Learning through other’s memory means been shape by the discrete gaze of someone else.Contemporary architectural theory emerges in the 60’s, by the hands of authors such as Jane Rendell, Anne Trourman, Beatriz Colomina and Mark Wigley. Trough them it is possible to acknowledge that memory is associated to publicity, to mass media and to history itself.As Colomina points out, Le Corbusier [the first housewife of Wisteria Lane] uses rethoric and manipulation to build his vision for architecture (apud Colomina, 1998, p.185) and Mies van der Rohe [Mad Man] makes use of publicity to create a consistent image. (apud Colomina, 1994, p. 207).The remontage (apud Tafuri, 1984,p. 207)begins. Now that the secrets are revealed, we learn to (re)build memory.    Colomina, B. (1998). Privacy and Publicity, Modern Architecture as mass media. Cambridge (Mass.): MIT Press.Colomina, B. (1994). Images: Mies not. In Mertins, D. (ed.), Presence of Mies (pp.192-221). New York: Princeton Architectural Press. Tafuri, M. (1984). La Esfera Y el Labirinto: vanguardias y arquitetura de Piranesi a los años setenta. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili.
Memória de Luis Mansilla (1959/2012)
Authors: Costa Alexandre Alves
Published: October 2015

Memória de Luis Mansilla (1959/2012)
Primeira anotação do Curso de Arquitectura de Coimbra
Authors: Costa Alexandre Alves
Published: October 2015

Tentarei seguir, de forma pouco precisa, algumas datas e alguns textos que correspondem a momentos significativos do novo Curso de Arquitectura em Coimbra, o primeiro que surge, em Portugal, por iniciativa da Universidade e não por integração das antigas Belas Artes, como aconteceu em Lisboa e no Porto. Corria o ano de 1988.
Memórias - razões e sentido de uma aprendizagem em arquitectura
Authors: Tavares Domingos
Published: October 2015

Conheci Carlos de Almeida no final de 1961. Cheguei a Coimbra com presunção de estudante e ambição de me orientar, logo que possível, para a arquitectura. Sopunha-me ser capaz de desenhar e fui oferecer os meus préstimos em trabalho à hora ao mais activo arquitecto da cidade. Admirei a firmeza com que conduzia a execução das suas obras. Senti a força da modernidade do prédio da Rua da Sofia onde estava instalado o seu escritório-atelier. Percebi a convicção com que se entregava ao seu ofício numa linha de afirmação militante da corrente moderna, perseguindo as poéticas de Le Corbusier ou Niemeyer em nome do progresso. E o firme compromisso que a si próprio se impôs de acreditar sempre no seu país e no seu povo, aceitando as utopias do futuro. Só mais tarde me apercebi de quanto depois veio a sofrer na defesa dos seus ideais. Com simpatia e compreensão inventou para mim algum trabalho, talvez desnecessário, dando-me o alento que não sei se a qualidade do desenho realizado teria merecido.
Form and Architecture
Authors: Duarte José Pinto
Published: October 2015

This section aims to shed new light on Alberti’s impact on Portuguese Classical Architecture through the use of innovative methodologies and new technologies. It describes research developed with the goal of studying his famous architectural treatise and the buildings he designed with the support of computational systems, hoping to expand our knowledge of Albertian architectural thinking and Renaissance culture, in general.
De re aedificatoria orders systematization shape grammar.
Authors: Quaresma Filipe Coutinho , Duarte José P. , Kruger Mário
Published: October 2015

The paper will show parts of a shape grammar that uses as corpus the Alberti`s treatise and buildings to see possible influence in Portuguese Architecture. The column systematisation grammar is a grammar of detail and some of the different elements of the column system (base, shaft, capital and entablature) may be connected with different orders (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian and Composite) showing different combinations. This system may be applied to generate some buildings namely Rucellai Loggia and palace facade, Santa Maria Novella Facade, Santa Andrea and specifically the subject of this paper the central nave longitudinal façade of the church São Vicente de Fora in Lisboa. Finally transformations rules are analysed mapping Alberti`s treatise influence in the work of the authors of the generated building.  Gramatica da forma da sistematização das ordens da Da arte edificatóriaEste artigo mostra partes de gramatica da forma que usa como corpos o tratado de Alberti bem como alguns dos seus edifícios de modo a verificar a influência daquele autor na Arquitetura Portuguesa. A gramática da sistematização da coluna é uma gramática de detalhe. Alguns dos elementos do sistema da coluna (base, fuste, capitel e entablamento) podem ter elementos de diferentes ordens (dórica, jónica, coríntia e compósita) em diferentes combinações. Este sistema pode ser aplicado gerando a Loggia e a fachada do palácio Rucellai, a Fachada de Santa Maria Novella, nave central da fachada longitudinal da igreja Sant`Andrea e tratado especificamente neste artigo a nave central da fachada longitudinal da igreja de São Vicente de Fora em Lisboa. Finalmente as regras de transformação são analisadas mapeando a influencia do tratado de Alberti no trabalho dos autores do edifício gerado.
Alberti Digital on Portuguese Architecture: Shape Grammar transformations as computational framework to determine the influence of Alberti’s legacy on Portuguese Renaissance churches
Authors: Figueiredo Bruno
Published: October 2015

The research described in this paper is part of a project aimed to determine the influence of Alberti’s treatise on Architecture De re aedificatoria (1485) on Portuguese Renaissance architecture, making use of a computational framework. The paper focus on the theoretical foundations that permit to translate the treatise morphological and proportional descriptions of sacred buildings into a description grammar (Stiny, 1981) and a shape grammar (Stiny and Gips, 1972) used it in determining its influence on Portuguese Renaissance architecture. This approach follows the transformations in design framework proposed by Knight (1983), according to which the transformation of one style into another can be explained by changes of the grammar underlying the first style into the grammar of the second. Grammars are thus proposed as a complementary tool to be used in architectural history to test hypotheses raised after documental evidence. The paper reviews the three main stages of this research, presenting the methodology and results achieved in each one those moments. Firstly, it describes the process of inferring an initial description grammar and shape grammar directly translated from the De re aedificatoria and also the analysis of their derivation outcomes. Although, several affinities have been found between the solutions generated by the initial grammar and the Portuguese classical churches, others features remained uncertain. In the context of this research project, it seemed appropriate to consider the morphological and proportional design of Alberti most relevant churches to deduce transformations on the grammar. A set of Portuguese Renaissance sacred buildings were chosen and analyzed under the light of Alberti theoretical and design rules. This task was assisted by evaluating resemblances and differences between them and the recursive structure of the grammar, their rules, and the corpus of solutions derived from it. Finally, in order to achieve a grammar representative of the Portuguese Renaissance sacred buildings, further transformations were introduced on the grammar, gathering rules common to Alberti thoughts with Portuguese specific architectonic principles. Although along the process of grammar transformation several rules were added and the spatial relations were changed, the main recursive structure of the successive grammars was kept.
Leon Battista Alberti: do Modelo ao Algoritmo. Sobre a exposição Alberti Digital
Authors: Loewen Andrea Buchidid , D'Agostino Mário
Published: October 2015

Beyond the pedagogical character, the vision of such accurate physical and electronic models certainly delights; a playful aspect with a unique educational interest before the vast informative combinations brought by the Digital Alberti exhibition, providing winged eyes, the farthest boundaries, to the knowledge of the humanist’s works.
Contemporary Issues on Alberti
Authors: Bandeirinha José António
Published: October 2015

The thematic session “Contemporary Issues on Alberti”, included in the International Conference Alberti Digital, did not fail to meet the expectations evident in its title. The presented papers are based in a broad range of authors and contemporary works, from Sol LeWitt (José Capela) to Le Corbusier (António Lousa) through Peter Eisenman and Anthony Vidler (Bruno Gil).