bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Data-Driven Prediction Framework for Ship Navigation Accidents in the Arctic Region
Authors: Yang Xue , Zhi Jingkai , Zhang Wenjun , Xu Sheng , Meng Xiangkun
Published: December 2023

Arctic navigation faces numerous challenges, including uncertain ice conditions, rapid weather changes, limited communication capabilities, and lack of search and rescue infrastructure, all of which increase the risks involved. According to an Arctic Council statistical report, a remarkable 2638 maritime accidents were recorded in Arctic waters between 2005 and 2017, showing a fluctuating upward trend. This study collected and analyzed ship accident data in Arctic waters to identify the various accident scenarios and primary risk factors that impact Arctic navigation safety. By utilizing data-driven algorithms, a model for predicting ship navigation accidents in Arctic waters was constructed, providing an in-depth understanding of the risk factors that make accidents more likely. The research findings are of practical significance for enhancing quantitative risk assessment, specifically focusing on the navigational risks in Arctic waters. The results of this study can assist maritime authorities and shipping companies in conducting risk analysis and implementing accident prevention measures for safe navigation in Arctic waters.
Surfacing Values Created by Incentive Policies in Support of Sustainable Urban Development: A Theoretical Evaluation Framework
Authors: Mecca Umberto , Mecca Beatrice
Published: December 2023

The development of sustainable cities involves improving the performance of the built environment and its effects on its context as one of the multiple intervention points. Indeed, outlining and implementing building artefacts does not constitute a simple act of generating a physical place, but represents a process that cannot ignore the positive and/or negative impacts that these transformations can have on the environment and societies in which it is embedded. Since in a profit-driven logic, a private investor’s interest in environmental and social values may be limited in favour of economic value, a positive push towards urban sustainability can be found in government-promoted fiscal building incentives. Indeed, these tools offer direct actions for more favourable urban conditions, supporting private entities in meeting the intervention costs. This paper aims to define a theoretical evaluation framework through which the “sustainable” value creation potential of building incentives can be assessed. Through this framework, the research analysed the main Italian building incentives, observing how they support the creation of economic, environmental, and social values for the benefit of society, the environment, and urban areas. This paper discusses the usefulness of the framework in supporting public actors in the potential revision, definition, and communication of such incentive policies.
Bioinspired Design for Lightweighting and Vibration Behavior Optimization in Large-Scale Aeronautical Tooling: A Comparative Study
Authors: Laraudogoitia Blanc Ignacio , Hamm Christian , García de Cortázar Maider , Kaiser Nils , Savysko Oleksander , Girot Mata Franck Andrés
Published: December 2023

A comparative study is presented, focusing on three different bioinspired design methodologies applied to a large-scale aeronautical tooling use case. The study aims to optimize the structure in terms of the first vibration mode, minimizing mass, and supporting operational loads. The development of lightweight metallic components is of great importance for industries such as aerospace, automotive, and energy harvesting, where weight reduction can lead to significant improvements in performance, efficiency, and sustainability. Bioinspired design offers a promising approach to achieving these goals. The study begins with an introduction to natural selection and various bioinspired concepts. It proceeds with a thorough review of the selected bioinspired design methodologies and tools, which are then applied to the chosen use case. The outcomes for each methodology were explored with respect to the design requirements. Subsequently, the most suitable design was selected according to the success criteria defined and its validation is explained. The manufacturing of this design was carried out using an advanced and novel approach specifically tailored to accommodate the large dimensions and complexity of the structure. Finally, modal testing was performed to validate the entire process, and the results obtained demonstrate the potential effectiveness of bioinspired design methodologies in achieving lightweighting and optimizing vibration modes for large-scale aeronautical tooling.
StairWave Transformer: For Fast Utilization of Recognition Function in Various Unmanned Vehicles
Authors: Choi Donggyu , Lee Chang-eun , Baek Jaeuk , Do Seungwon , Jun Sungwoo , Kim Kwang-yong , Ha Young-guk
Published: December 2023

Newly introduced vehicles come with various added functions, each time utilizing data from different sensors. One prominent related function is autonomous driving, which is performed in cooperation with multiple sensors. These sensors mainly include image sensors, depth sensors, and infrared detection technology for nighttime use, and they mostly generate data based on image processing methods. In this paper, we propose a model that utilizes a parallel transformer design to gradually reduce the size of input data in a manner similar to a stairway, allowing for the effective use of such data and efficient learning. In contrast to the conventional DETR, this model demonstrates its capability to be trained effectively with smaller datasets and achieves rapid convergence. When it comes to classification, it notably diminishes computational demands, scaling down by approximately 6.75 times in comparison to ViT-Base, all the while maintaining an accuracy margin of within ±3%. Additionally, even in cases where sensor positions may exhibit slight misalignment due to variations in data input for object detection, it manages to yield consistent results, unfazed by the differences in the field of view taken into consideration. The proposed model is named Stairwave and is characterized by a parallel structure that retains a staircase-like form.
3D Multi-Organ and Tumor Segmentation Based on Re-Parameterize Diverse Experts
Authors: Liu Ping , Gu Chunbin , Wu Bian , Liao Xiangyun , Qian Yinling , Chen Guangyong
Published: December 2023

Automated segmentation of abdominal organs and tumors in medical images is a challenging yet essential task in medical image analysis. Deep learning has shown excellent performance in many medical image segmentation tasks, but most prior efforts were fragmented, addressing individual organ and tumor segmentation tasks with specialized networks. To tackle the challenges of abdominal organ and tumor segmentation using partially labeled datasets, we introduce Re-parameterizing Mixture-of-Diverse-Experts (RepMode) to abdominal organ and tumor segmentation. Within the RepMode framework, the Mixture-of-Diverse-Experts (MoDE) block forms the foundation, learning generalized parameters applicable across all tasks. We seamlessly integrate the MoDE block into a U-shaped network with dynamic heads, addressing multi-scale challenges by dynamically combining experts with varying receptive fields for each organ and tumor. Our framework incorporates task encoding in both the encoder–decoder section and the segmentation head, enabling the network to adapt throughout the entire system based on task-related information. We evaluate our approach on the multi-organ and tumor segmentation (MOTS) dataset. Experiments show that DoDRepNet outperforms previous methods, including multi-head networks and single-network approaches, giving a highly competitive performance compared with the original single network with dynamic heads. DoDRepNet offers a promising approach to address the complexities of abdominal organ and tumor segmentation using partially labeled datasets, enhancing segmentation accuracy and robustness.
Histopathologic and Preneoplastic Changes in Tubal Ligation Materials
Authors: Ömeroğlu Ethem , Ünlü Yaşar , Uğur Kılınç Ayşe Nur , Günler Tuğba , Günenc Oğuzhan
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives: To investigate histopathological changes and serous carcinoma precursors such as secretory cell outgrowths (SCOUTs) and p53 signature in the bilateral tubal ligation (BTL) materials used during cesarean section (S/C). Materials and Methods: In total, 138 patients underwent S/C and tubal sterilization (TS) between October 2020 and May 2021 at Konya City Hospital. Patients’ data were obtained from the hospital’s system. All data and findings were investigated and statistically evaluated. Results: The mean age was 34.62 years (22–44), the mean gravity was 4.89 (2–15) and the mean parity was 3.46 (1–10). In total, 5.79% SCOUT, 7.24% atypia and 9.42% p53 signatures were observed. Significant correlations were shown between the epithelial cell lineage and age between Ki-67, SCOUT, and gravity; between the Ki-67 results and gravity and parity; and between the p53 score and age. Conclusions: TS is a common, safe, and effective method worldwide. Today, BTL is increasing along with increasing S/C ratios. In addition to the reduced risk of ovarian cancers with ligation alone, precursor lesions such as hyperplasia, SCOUT, p53 signature, and STIL/Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) are encountered in the ampulla materials obtained. Considering the low rates of re-anastomosis, tubal excision may be recommended instead of ligation in women of relatively higher gravity and age.
Carvacrol-Induced Vacuole Dysfunction and Morphological Consequences in Nakaseomyces glabratus and Candida albicans
Authors: Acuna Eliz , Ndlovu Easter , Molaeitabari Ali , Shahina Zinnat , Dahms Tanya Elizabeth Susan
Published: December 2023

With the prevalence of systemic fungal infections caused by Candida albicans and non-albicans species and their resistance to classical antifungals, there is an urgent need to explore alternatives. Herein, we evaluate the impact of the monoterpene carvacrol, a major component of oregano and thyme oils, on clinical and laboratory strains of C. albicans and Nakaseomyces glabratus. Carvacrol induces a wide range of antifungal effects, including the inhibition of growth and hyphal and biofilm formation. Using biochemical and microscopic approaches, we elucidate carvacrol-induced hyphal inhibition. The significantly reduced survival rates following exposure to carvacrol were accompanied by dose-dependent vacuolar acidification, disrupted membrane integrity, and aberrant morphology. Germ tube assays, used to elucidate the relationship between vacuolar dysfunction and hyphal inhibition, showed that carvacrol significantly reduced hyphal formation, which was accompanied by a defective C. albicans morphology. Thus, we show a link between vacuolar acidification/disrupted vacuole membrane integrity and compromised candidal morphology/morphogenesis, demonstrating that carvacrol exerts its anti-hyphal activity by altering vacuole integrity.
An Introduction to Relevant Immunology Principles with Respect to Oral Vaccines in Aquaculture
Authors: Jones Evan , Cain Kenneth
Published: December 2023

Vaccines continue to play an enormous role in the progression of aquaculture industries worldwide. Though preventable diseases cause massive economic losses, injection-based vaccine delivery is cost-prohibitive or otherwise impractical for many producers. Most oral vaccines, which are much cheaper to administer, do not provide adequate protection relative to traditional injection or even immersion formulas. Research has focused on determining why there appears to be a lack of protection afforded by oral vaccines. Here, we review the basic immunological principles associated with oral vaccination before discussing the recent progress and current status of oral vaccine research. This knowledge is critical for the development and advancement of efficacious oral vaccines for the aquaculture industry.
The Probiotic Bacillus hwajinpoensis Colonizes the Digestive System of Crassostrea gigas Larvae and Protects Them from Vibrio alginolyticus Infection
Authors: Zheng Yu-Dong , Huang Bo-Wen , Zhang Xiang , Liu Chen-Feng , Xin Lu-Sheng , Wang Chong-Ming , Bai Chang-Ming
Published: December 2023

The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is one of the most important cultured marine species around the world. Production of Pacific oysters in China has depended primarily on hatchery produced seeds since 2016, with the successful introduction and development of triploid oysters. However, the seed supply of Pacific oysters is threatened by recurring mass mortality events in recent years. Vibriosis is the most commonly encountered disease associated with intensive oyster culture in hatcheries and nurseries. Vibrio alginolyticus and Bacillus hwajinpoensis were the two strains with pathogenic and probiotic effects, respectively, identified during the Pacific oyster larvae production. To monitor their colonization process in Pacific oyster larvae, green fluorescent protein (GFP) and red fluorescent protein (RFP) were labeled to the pathogenic V. alginolyticus and the probiotic B. hwajinpoensis stain, respectively. The pathogenic and probiotic effects of the two strains during the colonization process were then assessed. Stabile expression of GFP and RFP were observed in corresponding stains, and the capabilities of growth, biofilm formation and in vitro adhesion of GFP- and RFP- tagged stains were not significantly different from those of the wild-type strains. Usage of probiotics of 105 CFU/mL significantly inhibited the growth of pathogenic V. alginolyticus and reduced the mortality of D-sharped larvae. Both the pathogenic and probiotic strains employed a similar route to enter and colonize the oyster larvae, which indicates that competing with pathogens for binding and spreading sites were one of the mechanisms of B. hwajinpoensis to provide the probiotic effects to oyster larvae. In summary, employment of fluorescence-tagged pathogenic and probiotic strains simultaneously provides us with an excellent bioassay model to investigate the potential mechanisms of probiotics.
Flowing Time: Emergentism and Linguistic Diversity
Authors: Jaszczolt Kasia M.
Published: December 2023

Humans are complex systems, ‘macro-entities’, whose existence, behaviour and consciousness stem out of the configurations of physical entities on the micro-level of the physical world. But an explanation of what humans do and think cannot be found through ‘tracking us back’, so to speak, to micro-particles. So, in explaining human behaviour, including linguistic behaviour on which this paper focuses, emergentism opens up a powerful opportunity to explain what it is exactly that emerged on that level, bearing in mind the end product in the form of the intra- and inter-cultural diversity. Currently there is a gap in emergentism research. On one hand, there are discussions in philosophy of the emergent human reality; on the other, there are discussions of social, cultural, or individual variation of these emergent aspects of humanity in the fields of anthropology, sociology, linguistics or psychology. What I do in this paper is look for a way to ‘trace’ some such diversified emergents from what is universal about their ‘coming to being’, all the way through to their diversification. My chosen emergent is human time, my domain of inquiry is natural-language discourse, and the drive behind this project is to understand the link between ‘real’ time of spacetime on the micro-level from which we emerged and the human time devised by us, paying close attention to the overwhelming diversity in which temporal reference is expressed in human languages. The main question is, where does this diversity fit in? Does understanding of this diversity, as well as of what lurks under the surface of this diversity, aid the emergentism story? My contribution to this volume on ‘the nature of structure and the structure of nature’ thus takes the following take on the title. The structure of human communication is at the same time uniform, universal, and relative to culture, in that it is emergent as a human characteristic, and as such compatible with the micro-level correlates in some essential ways, but also free to fly in different directions that are specific to societies and cultures. I explore here the grey area between the micro-level and the linguistic reflections of time—the middle ground that is emergent itself but that tends to be by-passed by those who approach the question of human flowing time from either end: metaphysics and the philosophy of time on the one hand, and contrastive linguistics, anthropological linguistics and language documentation on the other. I illustrate the debate with examples from tensed and tenseless languages from different language families, entertaining the possibility of a conceptual universal pertaining to time as degrees of epistemic modality. Needless to say, putting the question in this way also sets out my (not unassailable) methodology.
Experimental Study on the Temporal Evolution Parameters of Laser–Produced Tin Plasma under Different Laser Pulse Energies for LPP–EUV Source
Authors: Chen Yiyi , Zhao Chongxiao , Pan Qikun , Zhang Ranran , Gao Yang , Li Xiaoxi , Guo Jin , Chen Fei
Published: December 2023

The laser–produced plasma extreme ultraviolet (LPP–EUV) source is the sole light source currently available for commercial EUVL (extreme ultraviolet lithography) machines. The plasma parameters, such as the electron temperature and electron density, affect the conversion efficiency (CE) of extreme ultraviolet radiation and other critical parameters of LPP–EUV source directly. In this paper, the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was employed to investigate the time–resolved plasma parameters generated by an Nd:YAG laser irradiation on a planar tin target. Assuming that the laser–produced tin plasma satisfies the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) condition, the electron temperature and electron density of the plasma were calculated by the Saha–Boltzmann plot and Stark broadening methods. The experimental results revealed that during the early stage of plasma formation (delay time < 50 ns), there was a significant presence of continuum emission. Subsequently, the intensity of the continuum emission gradually decreased, while line spectra emerged and became predominant at a delay time of 300 ns. In addition, the evolution trend of plasma parameters, with the incident laser pulse energy set at 300 mJ, was characterized by a rapid initial decrease followed by a gradual decline as the delay time increased. Furthermore, with an increase in the incident laser pulse energy from 300 mJ to 750 mJ, the electron temperature and electron density of laser–produced tin plasma exhibiting a monotonically showed increasing trend at the same delay time.
Experimental Water Activity Suppression and Numerical Simulation of Shale Pore Blocking
Authors: Shan Yansheng , Zhao Hongbo , Liu Weibin , Li Juan , Chi Huanpeng , Xue Zongan , Zhang Yunxiao , Meng Xianglong
Published: December 2023

The nanoscale pores in shale oil and gas are often filled with external nanomaterials to enhance wellbore stability and improve energy production. And there has been considerable research on discrete element blocking models and simulations related to nanoparticles. In this paper, the pressure transmission experimental platform is used to systematically study the influence law of different water activity salt solutions on shale permeability and borehole stability. In addition, the force model of the particles in the pore space is reconstructed to study the blocking law of the particle parameters and fluid physical properties on the shale pore space based on the discrete element hydrodynamic model. However, the migration and sealing patterns of nanomaterials in shale pores are unknown, as are the effects of changes in particle parameters on nanoscale sealing. The results show that: (1) The salt solution adopts a formate system, and the salt solution is most capable of blocking the pressure transmission in the shale pores when the water activity is 0.092. The drilling fluid does not easily penetrate into the shale pore space, and it is more capable of maintaining the stability of the shale wellbore. (2) For the physical blocking numerical simulation, the nanoparticle concentration is the most critical factor affecting the shale pore blocking efficiency. Particle size has a large impact on the blocking efficiency of shale pores. The particle diameter increases by 30% and the pore-blocking efficiency increases by 13% when the maximum particle size is smaller than the pore exit. (3) Particle density has a small effect on the final sealing effect of pore space. The pore-plugging efficiency is only increased by 4% as the particle density is increased by 60%. (4) Fluid viscosity has a significant effect on shale pore plugging. The increase in viscosity at a nanoparticle concentration of 1 wt% significantly improves the sealing effectiveness, specifically, the sealing efficiency of the 5 mPa-s nanoparticle solution is 16% higher than that of the 1 mPa-s nanoparticle solution. Finally, we present a technical basis for the selection of a water-based drilling fluid system for long horizontal shale gas drilling.
Optimization of Billet Tube Mold Designs for High-Speed Continuous Casting
Authors: Pang Xiaokai , Li Huirong , Wang Jingqi , Zhu Liguang , Sun Ligen
Published: December 2023

Endless rolling urgently requires an increase in the casting speed of continuous casting. For the continuous casting process of a high-casting-speed billet, the heat flux of the mold would be much higher, requiring a stronger cooling performance and longer mold life to match the high-speed casting. Mold material, thickness, and slot structure have a great influence on the casting speed. To design a more efficient billet casting mold, a three-dimensional thermal-stress-coupled analysis model of a 150 mm × 150 mm mold was established in this research to analyze the thermal state of a mold with high casting speed; in addition, the material, thickness, and water slot structure, which pertain to the mold cooling performance, were also studied. The results show that the billet mold of Cu-Ag with a thinner thickness and right-corner water slot is better in terms of casting speed. Regarding the material, the Cu-Ag mold has a higher thermal conductivity efficiency; its hot surface temperature is 4.89 °C lower, its equivalent stress is 7 MPa lower, and its longitudinal deformation is 0.0023% lower compared with the deoxidized phosphorus copper mold. Regarding the thickness, the thinner mold has a 60.76 °C lower hot surface temperature, its equivalent stress is 340 MPa lower, and its longitudinal deformation is 0.0443% lower compared with the thicker mold. For the water slot structure, the mold with the right-angled water slot has a 2.895 °C lower hot surface temperature, its equivalent stress is 37 MPa lower, and its longitudinal deformation is 0.0039% lower compared with the mold with a rounded-corner water slot.
Effect of Impregnation and Graphitization on EDM Performance of Graphite Blocks Using Recycled Graphite Scrap
Authors: Lee Sang-Hye , Jeon Dong-Pyo , Lee Hyun-Yong , Lee Dong-Gu , Roh Jae-Seung
Published: December 2023

In the present study, graphite scrap powder from machining of commercial graphite blocks for electrical discharge machining (EDM) applications was recycled as a filler material for manufacturing graphite blocks, and its suitability for use as EDM electrodes was thoroughly assessed. The effects of process parameters applied in EDM electrode manufacturing, including the number of impregnations and graphitization temperatures, on the physical properties of the resulting graphite blocks, were examined. Additionally, EDM performance was evaluated with respect to the above process parameters. In blocks subjected to three impregnation treatments, followed by graphitization at 2200 °C, surface protrusions formed during the EDM process, indicating that the EDM process did not proceed smoothly. On the other hand, in blocks that underwent three impregnation treatments, followed by graphitization at 2800 °C, no surface protrusions were observed, indicating successful EDM operation. This observation further confirms the suitability of these recycled materials for use in EDM electrodes. The graphite block electrodes fabricated using recycled graphite scrap exhibited inferior cyclic stability, with an electrode wear rate of 0.82%, higher than that of a commercial graphite block electrode (0.04%). Nevertheless, using recycled graphite scrap contributes to reducing product costs and CO2 emissions, making the developed graphite electrodes a favorable choice.
From Idolatry to Gentilidade: Assessing Local Christians’ Religious Offences in the Goa Inquisition (17th Century)
Authors: Lourenço Miguel Rodrigues
Published: December 2023

During the first half of the 17th century, the Goa Inquisition increased its focus on religious offences committed by the so-called Cristãos da Terra (local Christianized populations). Many of these perceived offences occurred in connection with rituals, practices and behaviours stemming from Asian cultural and religious settings, leading the inquisitors in Goa to assess a variety of external features and performances (“signs”) in order to determine the seriousness of the offence and the penalty to impose. While these actions were primarily labelled as “idolatry”, during the 1620s, inquisitorial personnel in Goa suddenly adopted a new designation—that of “gentilidade”—to refer to a type of offence that involved apostasy from Catholicism in favour of the “Law of the Gentiles.” In this paper, I will analyse the context that led to this epistemic change in labelling religious offences, while also comparing the extant Goa Inquisition trials and summaries with later catalogues of cases where offences first began to be designated as “gentilidade.” I will argue that during the 1620s such changes in classifying religious offences were the outcome of a debate that, even though it was external to the Goa Inquisition, incidentally questioned some of its procedures and prompted its inquisitors and prosecutor to repurpose an already existing term into a broad category denoting heresy and apostasy, thus reinforcing the legitimacy of the tribunal’s judicial practices.
Recent Advances in the Effects of Biochar on Constructed Wetlands: Treatment Performance and Microorganisms
Authors: Yu Guanlong , Huang Jiajun , Chen Huifang , Chen Jundan , Ge Shiyong , Liu Jiaxin , Zhen Dian
Published: December 2023

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are a kind of green environmental protection technology, which are widely used in sewage treatment. Traditional CWs are faced with the problem of a low treatment effect of high-concentration sewage. In recent years, biochar, as a new type of adsorption material, has been used in CWs because of its advantages of large specific surface area, strong adsorption capacity, and wide material sources. This paper systematically summarized the characteristics of biochar and the preparation of biochar by studying the changes in microorganisms added to CWs and compared the effects of different treatment methods coupled with biochar on the treatment performance of CWs. The effects of biochar coupled with CWs on enzyme activity, functional genes, metabolites, and microbial communities were investigated. This review summarizes how different preparation methods affect the properties of biochar and how these biochar properties cause changes in the microorganisms added to CWs. It provides a new theoretical basis for the treatment of pollutants in CWs.
Mixture Effects of Bisphenol A and Its Structural Analogs on Estrogen Receptor Transcriptional Activation
Authors: Lee Handule , Park Juyoung , Park Kwangsik
Published: December 2023

Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure has been widely linked to endocrine-disrupting effects. Recently, many substitutes for BPA have been developed as safe structural analogs. However, they have still been reported to have similar adverse effects. The current study evaluated the effects of bisphenol A and eight structural analogs on the transcription of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). The effects of binary and ternary mixtures prepared from different combinations of BPA analogs were also evaluated for transcription activity. The measured data of the mixtures were compared to the predicted data obtained by the full logistic model, and the model deviation ratio (MDR) was calculated to determine whether the effects were synergistic, antagonistic, or additive. Overall, the results suggest that the effect of bisphenol compound are additive in binary and ternary mixtures.
Global Analysis of Tracking the Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Zahoor Muhammad Atif
Published: December 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), infamously known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), is responsible for the current pandemic and, to date, has greatly impacted public health and economy globally [...]
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors:   Republican Clinical Hospital, Vladikavkaz, Stepchenkov Roman Petrovich
Published: December 2023

Steatohepatitis is a common non-infectious inflammatory disease of the liver, ranking 3rd or 4th in the structure of chronic progressive lesions of the organ. The prevalence of non-alcoholic forms of the disease in the population reaches 11–25 %. In obese patients, the pathology occurs 7 times more often than in those with normal weight. Alcoholic steatohepatitis is diagnosed in 20–30 % of patients with chronic alcoholism. The pathology occurs in all age groups, but is mainly detected after 45–50 years. The relevance of timely diagnosis of steatohepatitis is associated with a high probability of liver cirrhosis, which, in the absence of adequate therapy, develops in 45–55 % of patients
Epilepsy in the practice of a family doctor
Authors:   FSBEI HE Volgograd State Medical University, Skvortsov V. V. , Fastova A. A. ,   FSBEI HE Volgograd State Medical University, Panchenko V. I. ,   FSBEI HE Volgograd State Medical University
Published: December 2023

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease manifested by repeated attacks of disturbances in motor, sensory, mental, or psychic functions resulting from excessive neural discharges in the cerebral cortex. The disease occurs in 1 % of the world's population, mostly in children and elderly people over 65 years of age. Today, there are a number of criteria for diagnostics, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. The basic principle of epilepsy treatment is long-term regular use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in order to reduce the frequency of attacks or achieve their complete reduction in the absence of clinically significant side effects. Timely identification and correction of adverse reactions is an integral part of epilepsy treatment. The article describes the main points of support for family doctors who are faced with this disease.
Pedagogy and mentoring in medicine: history and modernity
Authors:   Department of Social Sciences and Youth Policy, Orenburg State Medical University, Kaspruk L. I.
Published: December 2023

In Russia, the year 2023 has been declared the Year of Teachers and Mentors. Mentoring in medicine is an immanent component of professional culture, evolving in the history of medicine. The role of pedagogy and mentoring with regard to the ways to transfer medical knowledge, skills, and abilities from an experienced specialist to a beginner, and from a senior to a younger one is of paramount importance at all times. In the medical environment, a special attitude towards the teacher is demonstrated, which is recorded in many historical and medical sources. Many great doctors and researchers acted simultaneously as mentors and teachers of future doctors and as founders of medical scientific schools - from Hippocrates to N.I. Pirogov and until now. The contribution of regional medical scientific schools, the Orenburg Histological School, in particular, is relevant, given that the national healthcare and education system is built based on differential territorial systems with consistent demographic, social, and economic attributes.
Ways to increase production efficiency using modern technologies in construction
Authors:   entrepreneur, author of a patent for the production technology of facade concrete elements, Kharit O.M.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses ways to increase production efficiency using new technologies and materials in construction. Examples are given of how modern approaches are changing the industry: speeding up production processes, improving the quality of finished objects, reducing project costs. The author expresses his point of view on the topic of practical application of the results of research and development work.
Improving the efficiency of repair departments as a key element of the production process
Authors:   LLC Professional-Consult. Institute of Modern Management", Vorobiev P.A. ,   , Russia, Moscow
Published: December 2023

In the past, maintenance and repair (MRO) was seen by many as a “necessary evil,” an activity that cost money but provided nothing in return. Twenty or more years ago, maintenance workers were among the lowest-paid employees in full-service manufacturing plants, even though their jobs required the most technical skill, knowledge, and specialized training. Initially, repairs were carried out as necessary and when equipment broke down, but the more extensively the same type of equipment was used, the more data on failures could be collected. This made it possible to improve the maintenance system - recommendations appeared on the frequency of repair work. In modern enterprises, maintenance and repair is recognized as a key element of the production process, which allows minimizing costs, increasing equipment uptime, increasing productivity, and identifying and eliminating losses.
Seroprevalencia de la Rinotraqueitis Infecciosa Bovina de la provincia de Cotopaxi, Ecuador
Authors: Vizuete Jaramillo Katherine Pryscila , Toro Molina Blanca Mercedes , Donoso Vega Lisbeth Mariela , Ortega Cuamacás Evelyn Susana , Silva Déley Lucia Monserrath , Cueva Salazar Nancy Margoth
Published: December 2023

La Rinotraqueitis Infecciosa Bovina (IBR) es una enfermedad de distribución mundial, causante de infertilidad y aborto en el ganado vacuno, y por consiguiente grandes pérdidas económicas. Por ello el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de la Rinotraqueitis Infecciosa Bovina en la provincia de Cotopaxi, Ecuador. Fueron muestreados una total de 396 bovinos de ambos sexos y diferentes edades y razas, de los cantones Latacunga, La Mana, Pangua, Pujilí, Salcedo, Saquisilí y Sigchos. Se realizó la prueba de ELISA-i para detectar casos positivos a la enfermedad, análisis desarrollados en los laboratorios de la Clínica Veterinaria de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi. El análisis estadístico incluyó el ordenamiento de los datos en tablas de frecuencias, desarrollando un análisis descriptivo con el programa Microsoft Excel y medida de frecuencia a través de la prevalencia. Se utilizó el programa R para realizar la prueba de χ² (ji-cuadrado) asociada a la prevalencia de la enfermedad y los factores sexo, edad, raza. Se detectaron anticuerpos del virus causante de la Rinotraqueitis Infecciosa Bovina en todos los cantones pertenecientes a la Provincia de Cotopaxi, con una prevalencia general de 45,37%, siendo significativamente mayor en el cantón Pangua con un 72,2% y con valores superiores al 50% en La Maná y Sigchos. Tanto machos como hembras registran alta positividad a la enfermedad, con altos niveles de prevalencia en animales > 2 años de edad, determinando en el caso de la raza que los genotipos Gyrolando y Criollo registraron la mayor positividad con 73,3% y 65,3% respectivamente, catalogándose también como de alta para las razas Holstein (36,6%) y Brown Swiss (42,8%).
De Lex municipii Flavii Irnitani : Proeve van een vertaling in het Nederlands
Authors: Spruit Johannes Emil , Forrez R.
Published: December 2023

Après des traductions antérieures dans les langues modernes courantes, la Lex Irnitana est pour la première fois mise à la disposition des néerlandophones, avec l’intention de suivre le texte latin de la manière la plus reconnaissable possible et de ne pas tomber dans une paraphrase libre. La traduction est basée sur l’édition de texte de J. G. Wolf (2011). L’introduction vise à se familiariser avec un certain nombre de sujets de droit public qui jouent un rôle dans la Loi.
Géométrie rituelle : les triades divines dans la cérémonie de purification (Étude eugubine)
Authors: Lacam Jean-Claude
Published: December 2023

À Gubbio, la cérémonie de purification de la citadelle et de la cité tout entière met en scène six divinités distinctes rassemblées en deux groupes de trois, honorées devant ou derrière les trois portes de la cité : le premier est constitué de Iuve, Marte et Vufiune, dotés de l’épiclèse Krapuvi ; le second est composé de Trebe Iuvie, Fise Saçi et Tefre Iuvie. L’analyse précise des rites dans lesquels ces dieux sont engagés permet de démêler les interactions subtiles qui les unissent : si les deux triades se différencient clairement en terme de prééminence, chacune révèle en son sein des hiérarchies bien plus complexes et noue avec l’autre d’inextricables liens faits de correspondances et d’inversions. Le rituel eugubin fait entrevoir une organisation divine infiniment plus élaborée que la triade pré-capitoline romaine à laquelle elle a souvent été comparée.
Nouvelles réflexions sur la charte dite d’Albert de Cuyck
Authors: Bonnivert Antoine
Published: December 2023

In a 1972 article, Georges Despy claimed that the charter of privileges granted to the bourgeoisie of Liège by Bishop Albert de Cuyck (1194-1200) – a document that had long been considered central to the medieval history of Liège – had most certainly never existed. He also asserted that the imperial diploma of 1208, by which the so-called episcopal charter was confirmed, was a forgery fabricated around 1230. For many years, historians unquestioningly accepted this claim, made by an eminent medievalist. Hence, studies on the episcopal city of Liège only sporadically mentioned the so-called Albert de Cuyck charter, despite its great significance. Since the 1980s and increasingly so, medievalists have challenged, in part or as a whole, the conclusions reached by Despy. Based on my own research on the medieval history of Liège, I am convinced (in line with recent work on the topic) that several of the claims made by Despy should by qualified, or even, in some cases, discarded. In doing so, I hope to reopen the discussion surrounding this exceptional document of Liège history.
Un nouveau manuscrit de l’Ovide Moralisé. Ms. Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Acquisti e Doni 442
Authors: Endress Laura
Published: December 2023

The focus of this contribution is to present a new manuscript of the Ovide moralisé

that has remained unknown to previous critical research. In addition to a codicological description, observations on the iconography and history of the codex and an overview of its contents, the article provides observations on the position of the manuscript within the textual tradition of the Ovide moralisé, comprising twenty other known witnesses. By analyzing the textual variants as well as the Latin and French glosses found in the margins of the manuscript, it is possible to assess that the witness is related to at least two different stemmatic groups, seemingly changing textual models at specific points in the text.
La dangereuse loi de programmation militaire 2024-2030
Authors: Laurent Pierre
Published: December 2023

L’article analyse les dispositions de la récente Loi de programmation militaire (LPM) ainsi que sa portée pour la politique internationale de la France. L’auteur, qui a participé directement aux débats et travaux parlementaires préparatoires à la loi, défend l’idée selon laquelle la LPM marque une nouvelle étape de l’otanisation de la politique étrangère de la France et concourt au surarmement mondial et à la militarisation des relations internationales.
Melodic Lection Marks in Latin Manuscripts for Mass
Authors: Giraud Eleanor
Published: December 2023

Entre les lignes des textes de plusieurs lectionnaires, se trouvent des signes similaires aux neumes qui sont souvent ignorés. Ces signes mélodiques de lecture fonctionnent avec la ponctuation pour aider les lecteurs à déterminer où et comment aborder les cadences mélodiques qui signalent les fins de phrases. En s’appuyant sur les manuscrits d’exemplar dominicains d’environ 1260 — les plus vieilles sources comprenant ces signes ainsi que la notation sur portée montrant comment conclure différents types de phrases— cet article indique dans un premier temps la fonction de chaque signe, révélant ainsi comment leur emploi est lié à la lecture des leçons de Messe. Basé sur une étude de plus de soixante manuscrits utilisés pour la lection publique, cet article suit, dans un second temps, l’émergence de ces signes du Haut

Moyen Âge et étudie leur systématisation dans les livres cisterciens, dominicains et d’Usage de Sarum.
Legature «Alla Cervini» ?
Authors: Cardinali Giacomo
Published: December 2023

Eleven manuscripts and one printed book, preserved in various funds of the Apostolic Vatican Library and in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, are traced back to Cardinal Marcello Cervini’s library. This has been possible thank to the analysis of a characteristic type of decoration of the three painted edges and bookbindings of some volumes, which reinterpret Greek models in modern, and especially Venetian, terms. Such acquisitions are limited to the biennium Cervini spent in Trento (1545- 1547) and were made possible by the intervention of the Spanish ambassador Diego Hurtado de Mendoza and of Romolo Cervini, cardinal’s brother.
Un autre témoin anglo-saxon de P. Optatianus Porphyrius
Authors: Carlson David R.
Published: December 2023

In addition to the manuscript reported by Hubert Silvestre in 1963, another pre-conquest English manuscript (Durham, Dean and Chapter Library, B. IV. 9) transmits some of the enigmatic verse of Publilius Optatianus Porphyrius (fl. c. 306-333), further attesting to the circulation of his work in Anglo-Saxon England. The manuscript’s textual witness has not been previously reported.
Further remarks on the manuscripts of the Collatio Alexandri et Dindimi: Some more addenda to Ross’s check-list of Alexander texts
Authors: Steinmann Marc
Published: December 2023

La Collatio Alexandri et Dindimi, un échange de cinq lettres apocryphes en latin (début du Ve siècle) entre Alexandre le Grand et Dindimus, roi des brahmanes indiens, est transmise par environ une centaine de manuscrits. L’auteur de cet essai a communiqué il y a peu de temps une substantielle liste de corrections et additions aux données initialement fournies par D. J. A. Ross (en 1956) sur les manuscrits de la Collatio. Dans l’essai présenté ici douze autres manuscrits récemment découverts ont été ajoutés aux listes précédentes.
Taking another look at the Pastoral Eye - New insights based upon a second copy of the Oculus Pastoralis
Authors: Napolitano David
Published: December 2023

This article focuses on the opening text of a miscellany held by the Bibliothèque nationale de France (Paris, BNF, lat. 4686). Upon closer examination the text turns out to be a missing copy of the Oculus pastoralis, untapped by the three editors of the text whose editions are all based upon a single copy (Cleveland (Ohio, USA), Public Library, Wq 789.0921 M-C 37). This article aims to broaden the awareness of the existence of this second copy within the scholarly community. In addition, it intends to demonstrate that this witness profoundly alters our current understanding of the structure, contents and composition of the Oculus pastoralis.
A scribal edition of Piers Plowman C in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 293
Authors: Wood Sarah
Published: December 2023

Cet essai examine la forme originale de la version finale, «C » , de Piers le laboureur, contenue dans le manuscrit Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 293 (XVe s.). Ce manuscrit fait partie des nombreux manuscrits décrits par les éditeurs de l’édition critique standard de Piers le laboureur comme caractérisés par de graves lacunes textuelles, bien qu’aucune autre copie ne contienne les mêmes lacunes textuelles. La forme matérielle et la décoration du manuscrit donnent une présentation particulièrement modeste du poème, même selon les normes des manuscrits généralement peu décorés de l’oeuvre de Langland. Il y manque les qualités supérieures de la décoration et l’annotation extensive trouvée dans dans certaines copies plus connues de Piers. Malgré son humble forme materielle, le manuscrit est cependant d’un intérêt potentiellement important pour les quatre omissions majeures de texte qu’il présente. Deux de ces lacunes textuelles peuvent être attribuées à des accidents courants, qui se sont probablement produits pendant la réalisation de la présente copie. Les deux autres sont davantage susceptibles de provenir d’un exemplaire antérieur, et j’affirme qu’elles peuvent refléter une rédaction délibérée du poème, une forme de texte qui élimine certains aspects du travail de Langland afin d’en mettre d’autres en avant. Les lacunes (délibérées) du texte du Corpus en font un témoin important des différentes formes, parfois excentriques, que le poème a prises dans les années qui ont suivi sa composition originale.
Varlığın Kaynağı: İlahî Soluk (Nefes-i Rahmânî)
Authors: ARSLAN MEÇİN Buşra
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın konusu, tasavvuf anlayışında İbnü’l-Arabî tarafından varlığın kaynağı olarak ileri sürülen tanrısal soluk veya Nefes-i Rahmanî tasavvurunu incelemek ve değerlendirmektir. Daha çok İbnü’l-Arabî ve öğrencilerinin eserlerindeki düşüncelerinin esas alındığı bu çalışmanın amacı soyuttan somuta diğer bir ifadeyle bâtından zâhire doğru tezahür etmeye başlayan varlık ve varlık mertebelerini tanrısal soluk olan Nefes-i Rahmanî ile izah etmektir. Çalışmada, tasavvufun önemli konularından biri olan varlık, Hak ve halk arasındaki irtibat, yaratma faaliyeti ve tecellî gibi konular İbnü’l-Arabî tarafından Rahman’ın nefesiyle izah edilerek tüm mevcudatın aynı nefesten çıktığı görülecektir. Bu anlayışa göre, yüce Allah'ın zâtı, “Bir’den ancak bir çıkar” hükmüne göre tecelli ettiğinde, O'nun tek tecellisi engin rahmetinin bir neticesi olarak ortaya çıkar ve bu tek tecellî mertebeler şeklinde çoğalarak âlem meydana gelir. Nefes-i Rahmanî olarak görülen bu tecellî, kelamın ve konuşmanın kaynağı olan insan nefesiyle sembolize edilmiştir. Buna göre, insan nefesiyle ilişkisinde görüldüğü gibi varlık âlemindeki varlıklar da Rahman’ın nefes vermesiyle surete bürünmüştür. Rahman’ın nefesi ile varlıklar arasındaki bu irtibatın keyfiyetinin anlaşılması amacıyla özellikle insan nefesi örneğine dikkat çekilmiştir. Bu örnekte, tıpkı insan nefesinin bizzat harflere ve kelimelere dönüştüğü ya da insan nefesinin bu kelime ve sözcüklerin kaynağı veya yaratıcısı olduğu gibi, Hak Teâlâ’dan taşan Rahmanî nefesin de tüm kelimelere, sözlere, vahiylere ve son tahlilde bütün varlıklara kaynaklık eden yaratıcı sebep olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Aynı şekilde Rahman’ın nefes almasıyla da kesret halindeki varlıklar yeniden Rahman’a doğru çekilmiş, O’nda birleşmiş ve böylece vahdete ulaşmıştır. Kesretten vahdete doğru varlıkların iniş kavsiyle ortaya çıkan ve zamanı gelince yeniden çokluktan birliğe doğru yükseliş kavsiyle fena olan varlık dairesi veya başlangıç-son çarkı ya da varlık döngüsünün hareket ettiricisinin Nefes-i Rahmanî olduğu fark edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Rahman'ın nefes vermesiyle bütün varlıkların tezahür ettikleri ve yeniden Rahman’ın nefes almasıyla bu varlıkların asıl kaynaklarına döndükleri, böylece yaradılışın başlangıcından sonuna kadar varlık dairesinin bir bütün meydana geldiği anlaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda, bütün varoluşun her daim taşan bir “tanrısal soluk” ile ayakta kaldığı ve âlemdeki hareket ve sürekliliğin bu ilahî nefha sayesinde varlığını sürdürdüğü sonucuna varılmıştır.