bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Discrete Event Simulation Model for Analyzing the Unloading of Goods at a Port
Authors: Pacheco Bolaño Dayana , Troncoso-Palacio Alexander
Published: July 2021

Today, maritime transport is responsible for moving approximately 80 percent of the volume of world trade, which has favored Colombia, which, due to its geographical position, has managed to become one of the most competitive and dynamic economies in the world. South America. For this reason, this investigation is carried out in a port of their country, with the aim of identifying and analyzing restrictions or critical points that may cause delays in the unloading of goods, these would also cause delays in the loading of vehicles. To do this, it began with a diagnosis of the current situation through interviews with the operational personnel of the port, then a simulated model was designed in the ARENA software, in which it was observed that the weighing activities are where the queues were formed, this will cause a delay in the download. As possible solutions, it is recommended to senior management that a proper verification of the operation of the weighing equipment be carried out in order to unload goods more quickly. In addition, a replacement weighing equipment must be purchased. With this change, it would be possible to reduce inefficiencies or cost overruns caused by download delays, which are reducing the fluidity of the goods and the competitiveness of the organization
New Evidence of MIS 3 Relative Sea Level Changes from the Messina Strait, Calabria (Italy)
Authors: Antonioli Fabrizio , Calcagnile Lucio , Ferranti Luigi , Mastronuzzi Giuseppe , Monaco Carmelo , Orrù Paolo , Quarta Gianluca , Pepe Fabrizio , Scardino Giovanni , Scicchitano Giovanni , Stocchi Paolo , Taviani Marco
Published: July 2021

Investigation of sea-level positions during the highly-dynamic Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3: 29-61 kyrs BP) proves difficult because: i) in stable and subsiding areas, coeval coastal sediments are currently submerged at depths of few to several tens of meters below present sea level; ii) in uplifting areas, the preservation of geomorphic features and sedimentary records is limited due to the erosion occurred during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) with sea level at depth of -130 m, followed by marine transgression that determined the development of ravinement surfaces. This study discusses previous research in the Mediterranean and elsewhere, and describes new fossiliferous marine deposits laying on metamorphic bedrock of Cannitello (Calabria, Italy). Radiocarbon ages of marine shells (about 43 kyrs cal BP) indicate that these deposits, presently between 28 and 30 meters above sea level, formed during MIS 3.1. Elevation correction of the Cannitello outcrops (considered in an intermediate-to-far-field position with respect to the ice sheet) with the local vertical tectonic rate and Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) rate allows to propose a revision of the eustatic depth for this highstand. Our results are consistent with recently proposed estimates based on a novel ice sheet modelling technique.
Current approaches to diet diagnostics and diet therapy in infants with functional gastrointestinal disorders
Authors:   National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation, Skvortsova V.A. ,   M.F.Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Borovik T.E. ,   National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Roslavtseva E.A. ,   National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bushueva T.V. ,   National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.P.Bochkov Research Center for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lukoyanova O.L. ,   National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

The incidence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in infants is very high. They are not only a medical challenge, but also a social problem. The causes of FGIDs are still being discussed by researchers. Particular attention is paid to impairments in functioning of the brain-intestine axis, formation of the intestinal microbiota, as well as psychological factors. FGID is a diagnosis of exclusion; however, no clear criteria for this diagnosis have been developed so far. If a baby has regurgitation, colic and/or constipation, an active search and differential diagnosis with various diseases manifesting themselves with such symptoms are necessary. Nutrition diagnosis is an important step in the diagnosis of FGIDs, which allows timely identification or exclusion of this pathology. In this study, we have demonstrated high efficacy of Comfort baby formulas, adapted fermented milk formulas, and antireflux formulas in artificial feeding of infants with FGIDs. Key words: functional gastrointestinal disorders, regurgitation, colic, constipation, infants, diet therapy, Comfort formulas, functional components
Marfan syndrome in combination with severe atopic dermatitis: importance of early diagnosis and treatment of patients with allergic dermatitis in childhood
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Svist P.G. , Orlova E.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Smirnova L.M. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Parshintseva S.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

We report a case of a rare combination of Marfan syndrome and severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in a 32-year-old male patient. He developed AD in early childhood and then had a relapse at the age of 18 years caused by stress. After this, AD became severe due to stress associated with aortic aneurysmectomy. The patient also had side effects caused by steroids, including multiple pustular eruptions, Kaposi's varicelliform eruption, edema and hyperemia of the periorbital area, pain and swelling of the small joints of the hands. These side effects, as well as specific cardiovascular symptoms typical of Marfan syndrome necessitated the search for alternative treatment strategies for severe AD. Eventually, we managed to find an effective treatment regimen that caused no side effects or adverse events, while the symptoms subsided. This case demonstrates the importance of early AD diagnosis in childhood in order to prevent its transition into severe chronic form that can hardly be managed in adulthood. Key words: atopic dermatitis, children, diagnostic criteria, clinical manifestations, hereditary diseases, Marfan syndrome
Difficulties associated with the diagnosis of tuberculous osteomyelitis of the ribs in children
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Zvereva M.D. , Kanash S.S. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Petrova S.I. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Evseev V.A. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Malyarova E.Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Sahno L.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Grafskaya I.I. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Peshechonova Yu.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kopyakov A.L. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Revnova M.O. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is challenging because of variable clinical symptoms and no specific signs. We report a case of tuberculous osteomyelitis of the ribs, which demonstrates difficulties associated with the diagnosis of generalized tuberculosis in an 8-year-old child (correct diagnosis was established after 1.3 years). Diagnostic procedures included: Mantoux test, skin test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen, computed tomography, pathomorphological and bacterioscopic testing. The patient presented with disease progression and lesions to the lung tissue, pleura, and ribs and did not respond to antibacterial therapy, hormones, and cytostatics. This required repeated diagnosis revision. The diagnosis of tuberculosis of the right 4th and 5th ribs was confirmed after surgery using bacterioscopic and immunohistochemical examinations. The child received comprehensive treatment in a specialized tuberculosis hospital and had positive dynamics. Despite the correct routing, low suspicion for tuberculosis in primary and secondary healthcare institutions has led to an insufficient use of currently available diagnostic methods and late diagnosis of tuberculosis in a child residing in a megapolis. Key words: generalized tuberculosis, children, tuberculosis of the rib, immunodiagnostics, diagnosis of tuberculosis, immunohistochemistry
Management strategy for children with dentoalveolar disorders against the background of chronic kidney disease
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Morozova N.S. , Mamedov A.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Bille D.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Chertikhina A.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Beznosik A.R. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Yurchenko P.N. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Morozova O.L. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

According to the European Dialysis and Transplantation Association (EDTA), the incidence of chronic kidney disease is 4–6 cases per million children under the age of 15 and it increases with the age of the child. In order to optimize dental care for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD), an algorithm for dental treatment and prevention was developed. A questionnaire was conducted among 57 children with CKD and 57 parents of this group of children to assess parental and child knowledge of the basics of preventive measures for kidney diseases. Based on the results of the questionnaire, nutritional recommendations were developed. It was found that 100% of parents know the basic nutritional guidelines for children with CKD. Particular attention was paid to children’s consumption of food containing salt. All parents surveyed (100%) were convinced that their children do not consume salty foods, while 23.1% of children claimed to consume them 3 times a day. Thus, it is advisable to implement the developed complex method of treatment and prevention of dental diseases with the inclusion of sanitary and hygienic education on the issues of nutrition for patients with CKD in order to further prevent not only recurrence, but also the progression of existing pathology. Key words: children, nutrition, dental care, chronic kidney disease
Stridor in children: etiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, M.S.Savenkova M.S.Savenkova ,   Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

This article is devoted to the problem of stridor in children. We analyze terminological nuances in detail, specify principal differences between stridor and croup, and discuss almost all possible causes of this pathology. We also cover the ways of diagnostic search and main aspects of differential diagnosis. Particular attention is paid to medications used for stridor, as well as surgical treatment options. Key words: children, diagnosis, treatment, stridor
THE INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP STYLE AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON SOLDIER PERFORMANCE WITH WORK DISCIPLINE AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE (CASE STUDY ON ESKORTA SHIP UNIT COMMAND FLEET II)
Authors: Andi Abdul Aziz  , Dedi Purwana  , I Ketut R. Sudiardhita
Published: July 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of leadership style and work environment on soldiers who are mediated by work discipline. This study used a quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 260 respondents who were KRI soldiers in the Fleet II Commando Eskorta Ship Unit. The data from the questionnaire were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. Descriptive analysis is used to describe respondents' characteristics and research variables based on the questionnaire results. In contrast, quantitative analysis is carried out using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) study with the AMOS and SPSS programs. Based on the results of SEM analysis, it is concluded that leadership style has no significant effect on work discipline. In contrast, the work environment has a positive impact on work discipline. The results further show that the work environment and work discipline have a positive effect on the performance of the soldiers. At the same time, the leadership style does not affect the performance of the soldiers. In further testing, the results of the mediation test using the Sobel test show that work discipline engagement can mediate the influence of leadership style and work environment on performance. This can indicate that an increase in leadership style and work environment can improve work discipline, which in turn will enhance the performance of soldiers. However, this research still needs to be developed by adding other variables and also expanding respondents or changing the object or place of study.

Keywords: Leadership Style, Work Environment, Work Discipline, Soldier Performance, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY AND PERCEPTION OF FINANCING MARGINS ON FINANCING DECISIONS AND ITS IMPACT ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
Authors: Yonatan Vironica Nurani , Mohamad Rizan  , Saparuddin Mukhtar
Published: July 2021

The rise of digitalization of financial services has led to the emergence of many fintech (financial techology) start-ups. However, because fintech startups have several risks, the Bank remains the main option in selecting financing / credit service products for bankable people. This research was conducted at PT Bank Syariah Mandiri with a purposive sampling method. The data was collected by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale. The analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to calculate the effect of each variable. The results of the study reveal that service quality has a positive and significant effect on the decision to request financing, the perception of the margin of financing has a positive and significant effect on the decision on financing application, the quality of service has no positive and insignificant effect on customer satisfaction, the perception of the size of the financing margin has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction. Customer, the decision to request financing has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, which is mediated by the decision on a financing request, the perception of the size of the financing margin has a positive and significant effect on the variable of customer satisfaction, which is mediated by the variable of financing request decision. Based on the result, banking services can increase financing margins that this is can relate with customer purchasing decision.
THE INFLUENCE OF CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP AND TRAINING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE INDONESIAN NAVY HYDROGRAPHIC AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CENTER WITH SELF EFFICACY AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE
Authors: Indra Dermawan
Published: July 2021

The leadership in the TNI environment is very typical according to the stylish nature of the command organization and is supported by the participation of its members; therefore, this study aims to find out how the influence of charismatic leadership and training on the performance of the Indonesian Navy Hydrographic and Oceanographic Center (Pushidrosal) with Self Efficacy as intervening. This study was conducted on Pushidrosal personnel rank of officers, where the sample used was 217 respondents taken using the census method. Data obtained by questionnaire using a Likert scale to measure 45 indicators processed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the Amos 22.0 application.

The results showed that: Charismatic leadership and training had no direct effect on self-efficacy, self-efficacy had no direct effect on performance. Charismatic leadership and training have a significant positive effect on performance both directly and indirectly. The results of the study also show that Self Efficacy has a positive mediating role for charismatic leadership and training on performance.
PERSONAL FINANCE DETERMINANTS FACTORS (CASE STUDY ON MANAGEMENT MASTER STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA)
Authors: Deisy Siska Abriani  , Gatot Nazir Ahmad  , Unggul Purwohedi
Published: July 2021

The objectives of this study are 1) to analyze the factors that influence personal financial behavior, 2) to test the hypothesis of the influence of financial knowledge, financial attitudes, locus of control, and income on personal financial behavior in Masters of Management students at the State University of Jakarta. The unit of analysis is students of Master of Management, State University of Jakarta. The observation unit was 110 respondents who were students of the Jakarta State University Management Masters who were registered from February 2015 to February 2017 with an active status and had received a matriculation program. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and observations. The data analysis technique used is Multiple Regression Analysis and Univariate One-Way ANOVA Test with SPSS 22. The results of the descriptive analysis showed: a) The level of financial knowledge of the respondents reached 83%; b) Financial Attitude has the highest index compared to other dimensions (87%), and c) Locus of Control (79%). The hypothesis testing results show 1) There is an effect of financial knowledge on financial behavior with the tstatistic obtained by 3,968> ttable = 1,659 and prob. value = 0,000 <0.05, then H1 is accepted and significant. 2) There is a direct and significant positive effect of financial attitudes on personal financial behavior with the tstatistic obtained at 4,700> ttable = 1.659 and the value of prob. value = 0.000 <0.05, then H1 is accepted and significant. 3) Locus of control has not influenced personal financial behavior with the t-statistic obtained is 0.257  0.05, then H1 is not accepted. 4) Income has a significant influence on personal financial behavior, with the test results showing an F value of 3,436 with a Sig of 0.020 <0.05, so H1 is acceptable, so it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the personal financial behavior of respondents based on the four income categories. Testing the hypothesis proves that income affects personal financial behavior.
An Update on Multimodal Pain Management After Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Karam Joseph A. , Schwenk Eric S. , Parvizi Javad
Published: July 2021

➤ Multimodal analgesia has become the standard of care for total joint arthroplasty as it provides superior analgesia with fewer side effects than opioid-only protocols.

➤ Systemic medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen, corticosteroids, and gabapentinoids, and local anesthetics via local infiltration analgesia and peripheral nerve blocks, are the foundation of multimodal analgesia in total joint arthroplasty.

➤ Ideally, multimodal analgesia should begin preoperatively and continue throughout the perioperative period and beyond discharge.

➤ There is insufficient evidence to support the routine use of intravenous acetaminophen or liposomal bupivacaine as part of multimodal analgesia protocols.
Oxfam Fresh Food Voucher Programme: Rohingya refugee response in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, January 2018 – September 2019
Authors: D’Elia Gabriella , Akhtar Jahan Rume Khodeza
Published: July 2021

In response to the rapid influx of Rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar, south-east Bangladesh, Oxfam implemented a Fresh Food Voucher (FFV) programme in August 2017. Vouchers were distributed on a monthly basis from January 2018 to August 2019, with funding from ECHO and the DEC. The intervention aimed to ensure dignified access to a wide range of fresh food for vulnerable and food-insecure refugee households and to improve their nutritional status. The programme also aimed to support the local economy by making goods available from local market vendors, who sourced produce locally where possible. This report presents the key findings of the evaluation of the initiative, with lessons and recommendations. It is hoped that this will prove useful for agencies using voucher programming in the Rohingya response and elsewhere. It is also a contribution to the wider influencing agenda around market-based programming, including cash and vouchers.
Cerebral Malaria: Insight into Pathology from Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Tu Zhanhan , Gormley Jack , Sheth Viral , Seydel Karl B. , Taylor Terrie , Beare Nicholas , Barrera Valentina , Proudlock Frank A. , Manda Chatonda , Harding Simon , Gottlob Irene
Published: July 2021

PurposeWe aimed to investigate structural retinal changes in malarial retinopathy (MR) using hand-held optical coherence tomography (HH-OCT) to investigate its diagnostic potential.MethodsChildren with MR (n=43) underwent ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein angiography and HH-OCT during admission, one month (n=31) and one year (n=8) post-discharge. Controls were comatose patients without malaria (n=6) and age/sex-matched healthy children (n=43). OCT changes and retinal layer thicknesses were compared.ResultsOn HH-OCT, hyper-reflective areas (HRAs) were seen in the inner retina of 81% of MR patients, corresponding to ischaemic retinal whiteningon fundus photography. Cotton wool spots were present in 37% and abnormal hyper-reflective dots, co-localized to capillary plexus, in 93%. Hyper-reflective vessel walls were present in 84%, and intra-retinal cysts in 9%. Vascular changes and cysts resolved within 48 hours. HRAs developed into retinal thinning at one month (p=0.027) whichwas more pronounced after one year (p=0.009).ConclusionsIschaemic retinal whitening is located within inner retinal layers, distinguishing it from cotton wool spots. Vascular hyper-reflectivity may represent the sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes in vessels, a key CM feature. The mechanisms of post-ischemic retinal atrophy and cerebral atrophy with cognitive impairment may be similar in CM survivors. HH-OCT has potential for monitoring patients, treatment response and predicting neurological deficits.
Methodology for estimating biowaste generation using municipal rurality indexes
Authors: Baquero Maria , Cifrian Eva , Perez-Gandarillas Lucia , Payan Ana Andres
Published: July 2021

The separate collection and management of biowaste (BW) must be implemented in next years in the European countries. In order to define a properly BW strategy, it is necessary to estimate the generation at a municipal level, since depending on the amount to be treated, the strategy may notably vary. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology to estimate the BW generation at municipal level, taking into account the characteristics of the region, the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management applied, and different socio-economic variables that define the level of rurality of a municipality. A model to estimate the BW generation for each type of municipality has been developed using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. As input data has been used, on the one hand, results from a Waste Compositional Analysis used for estimating the BW fraction of the mixed waste collected; and on the other hand, data of socioeconomic variables that have demonstrated to influence the generation of waste. Significant influence of socioeconomic variables on the level of BW generated is observed for the rural municipalities.
Going Digital: Added Value of Electronic Data Collection In 2018 Afghanistan Health Survey
Authors: Mergenthaler Christina , Yadav Rajpal Singh , Safi Sohrab , Rood Ente , Alba Sandra
Published: July 2021

Background: Through a nationally representative household survey in Afghanistan, we conducted an operational study in two relatively secure provinces comparing effectiveness of computer-aided personal interviewing (CAPI) with paper-and-pencil interviewing (PAPI). Methods: In Panjshir and Parwan provinces, household survey data were collected using paper questionnaires in 15 clusters, and OpenDataKit (ODK) software on electronic tablets in 15 other clusters. Added value was evaluated from three perspectives: efficient implementation, data quality, and acceptability. Efficiency was measured through financial expenditures and time stamped data. Data quality was measured by examining completeness. Acceptability was studied through focus group discussions with survey staff.Results: Survey costs were 68% more expensive in CAPI clusters compared to PAPI clusters, due primarily to the upfront one-time investment for survey programming. Enumerators spent significantly less time administering surveys in CAPI cluster households (248 minutes survey time) compared to PAPI (289 minutes), for an average savings of 41 minutes per household (95% CI: 25 – 55). CAPI offered a savings of 87 days for data management over PAPI.Among 49 tracer variables (meaning responses were required from all respondents), small differences were observed between PAPI and CAPI. 2.2% of the cleaned dataset’s tracer data points were missing in CAPI surveys (1,216/ 56,073 data points), compared to 3.2% in PAPI surveys (1,953/ 60,675 data points). In pre-cleaned datasets, 3.9% of tracer data points were missing in CAPI surveys (2,151/ 55,092 data points) compared to 3.2% in PAPI surveys (1,924/ 60,113 data points). Enumerators from Panjsher and Parwan preferred CAPI over PAPI due to time savings, user-friendliness, improved data security, and less conspicuity when traveling; however approximately half of enumerators trained from all 34 provinces reported feeling unsafe due to Taliban presence. Community and household respondent skepticism could be resolved by enumerator reassurance. Enumerators shared that in the future, they prefer collecting data using CAPI when possible.Conclusions: CAPI offers clear gains in efficiency over PAPI for data collection and management time, although costs are relatively comparable even without the programming investment. However, serious field staff concerns around Taliban threats and general insecurity mean that CAPI should only be conducted in relatively secure areas.
Pathways To Pain And Disability: The Impact of Early Social Deprivation And Educational Attainment In Newly Diagnosed Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Kouraki Afroditi , Bast Tobias , Ferguson Eamonn , Valdes Ana
Published: July 2021

Previous research established links between pain and cognitive function on one hand and pain and anxiety on the other, and there is some evidence linking osteoarthritis to lower educational attainment. However, the inter-play of these factors and the role of key social factors (social deprivation) at the early disease stages are not understood. Using data from waves 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) (n = 1,240), we tested how social deprivation, education and anxiety, before diagnosis, affects the relationship between cognitive function, pain and independence (activities of daily living) in a subsample of respondents reporting a diagnosis of osteoarthritis at wave 6, with cross-lagged panel models. We show that social deprivation, before osteoarthritis diagnosis, predicts functional impairment in daily living after diagnosis, with this effect partly mediated by impaired cognitive function, and that education before diagnosis is protective against impairments in daily living after diagnosis via better cognitive function and lower anxiety at wave 5. Therefore, improving cognitive function and managing anxiety may mitigate the negative impact of social deprivation and low educational attainment on independent living and help to promote independence in patients with osteoarthritis.
Impact of Temperature on the Phase Transition TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: G Nagaraj
Published: July 2021

Unadulterated TiO2 nanoparticles have been set up by a novel Photon Induced Method (PIM) without antecedent alteration. The pre-arranged example has been calcinated at 500°C, 700°C and 1000°C to consider the impact of calcinations temperature on the security, stage and morphology of TiO2. XRD investigation uncovers an intriguing aftereffect of increment with regards to stage dependability. This might be accounted to the oxygen extravagance of the example which has been affirmed through EDAX. XRD results likewise revel a stage change from anatase to rutile with expanding calcination temperature. The morphologic examination performed with HRSEM and HRTEM revel a change from nanoparticles to nanorods. The development of TiO2 is affirmed through the Ti-O vibrational tops in FTIR and the band hole of the examples have been inspected with UV-vis Spectrophotometer. The pre-arranged examples with such high stage steadiness might be applied for photocatalytic application.
Temporal and Spatial changes in Crop Patterns, Use of inputs and Hydrological Alteration in the case of Fogera floodplain, Ethiopia
Authors: Desta Mare , Zeleke Gete , Payne William. A. , Abebe Wubneh
Published: July 2021

BauckgroundMore than half of the world's population consumes rice. The area under modern rice varieties has expanded, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has increased in various countries. The hydrology of wetlands are also influenced by its chemical and physical characteristics. Hence, this research focused on temporal and spatial changes in crop patterns, input usage, and hydrological change in Fogera floodplain, with the objectives: a. what are the spatial and temporal trends in crops production pattern? b. What inputs have been used in the past and present to produce rice and other crops? c. What looks like the hydrological alteration of the area? The primary data was gathered through a questionnaire, focus group discussions, interviews, and field observations. Secondary data from Landsat imageries, SWAT input data, water flow, normalized difference vegetation index, and hydrological alteration of the site were collected. To analyze data, tables, graphs, and charts percentage, mean, and correlation were used. ResultNDVI results indicated that rice crop is growing while other variables are decreasing. artificial inputs are currently used but before the introduction of rice were not. Recession farming activities have also diminished wetland. Annual average water flow and rainfall have been trending upward. Flow of water with Nitrogen and Phosphorous has a negative correlation, with Pearson's values -0.069 and -0.072, respectively whereas the value 0.242 indicates that nitrogen and phosphorus have a positive relationship. ConclusionIn conclusion, these extended and intensification of farming practices have an impact on the biodiversity of fauna and flora of the area.
Rare Presentation of Gallstone Ileus with One Stage Laparoscopic Management; the Tragedy, the Comedy and the Solution. Case Report
Authors: Alnagar Amr , Elkoumy Heba , Foula Mohamed , sakr Mohamed , Nabil Wael
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Gallstone ileus is one of the rare complications of gallbladder stones and is a comparatively unique trigger of alimentary tract obstruction. It involves the development of a cholecystoenteric fistula through which a gallstone has passed into the gastrointestinal tract. Spontaneous resolution of intestinal obstruction in gallstone ileus is extremely rare.Case presentation: We present a case of a 71-year-old female patient presented by right hypochondrial pain for 4 months. Patient gave history of absolute constipation and abdominal distention 2 months before presentation that lasted for 3 days and resolved spontaneously. Imaging showed gallbladder stone and pneumobilia. Laparoscopic exploration showed a cholecysto-duodenal fistula that was divided, opening in the first part duodenum was closed directly in double layers and cholecystectomy was completed successfully.Conclusion:Presence on pneumobilia in patient with gallstones should raise suspicion of fistula between biliary tree and gut. Obstruction component of gallstone ileus can resolve spontaneously in rare occasions. Single stage laparoscopic management of cholecysto-duodenal fistula is safe and feasible in presence of experienced HPB laparoscopic surgeon.
Effect of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Treatment On COVID-2019 Transmissibility: A Possible Option To Reduce Isolation Time
Authors: Kim Dong-Min , Chung Jae Keun , Kim Choon-Mee , Bang Mi-Seon , Tariq Misbah , Lee You Mi , Seo Jun-Won , Kim Da Young , Yun Na Ra , Seo Jinjong , Kim Yuri , Kim Min Ji , Cho Nam-Hyuk
Published: July 2021

Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is a shortage of hospital wards to accommodate the increasing number of patients, especially in intensive care units. Healthcare systems are collapsing in many countries. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce isolation time. We examined the effect of lopinavir/ritonavir administration in patients with SARS-CoV-2. To assess the viral load, duration and clearance of viable virus; cell culture and RT-PCR were performed in parallel. No viable SARS-CoV-2 could be detected after administration of lopinavir/ritonavir with median time of viable viral clearance being one day after administration. The mean viral load in both upper and lower respiratory tract samples of lopinavir/ritonavir administered group was significantly lower than the group who were not treated with any antiviral agent. The duration of viable viral shedding was shorter in patients with lopinavir/ritonavir treatment compared with those without treatment. This study suggests that lopinavir/ritonavir treatment offers a possible method to reduce isolation time of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2.
Porous Multifunctional Phenylcarbamoylated-β-Cyclodextrin Polymers for Rapid Removal of Organic Pollutants
Authors: Wang He , Liu Congzhi , Ma Xiaofei , Wang Yong
Published: July 2021

In this work, a series of porous multifunctional cyclodextrin (CD) polymers were fabricated using tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFTPN) as the rigid crosslinker for the condensation of different functional phenylcarbamoylated-β-cyclodextrin derivatives to afford three preliminary polymerized adsorption materials such as poly nitrophenylcarbamoylated-β-cyclodextrin (NO2-CDP), poly trifluoromethylphenylcarbamoylated-β-cyclodextrin (F-CDP), poly chlorophenylcarbamoylated-β-cyclodextrin polymers (Cl-CDP) and a mix β- cyclodextrin polymer (X-CDP) prepared via a secondary crosslinking procedure of the above three materials. The X-CDP preparation process connects the `pre-formed nanoparticles and increases the presence of linkers inside the particles. At the same time, X-CDP exhibited porous structure with various functional groups such as nitro, chlorine, fluorine and hydroxyl. Those special characteristics render this material with good adsorption ability towards various pollutants in water, including tetracycline, ibuprofen, dichlorophenol, norfloxacin, bisphenol A, naphthol. Especially the maximum adsorption capacity for tetracycline at equilibrium reached 230.15 mg·g− 1, which is competitive with the adsorption capacities of other polysaccharides adsorbents. X-CDP removed organic contaminants much more quickly than other adsorbents, reaching almost ~ 95% of its equilibrium in only 30 s. The main adsorption process of the pollutants by X-CDP fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm well, indicating that the adsorption process is monolayer adsorption. Moreover, X-CDP possessed the good reusability where the pollutant removal rate was only reduced 8.3% after five cycles.
High Expression of TTK As Colon Stem Cell Marker Correlated With M1 Macrophages Infiltration
Authors: Chen Hua , Wu Zhicong , Wu Nisha , Ma Zunya , Liang Yanling , Zeng Fangyin , Deng Fan
Published: July 2021

Background: Tumor stemness-related genes promote tumor progression and resistance to immunotherapy, but the relation between tumor-infiltrating immune cells and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) stemness-related genes remains unclear. Methods: The mRNAsi scores, a stemness index derived from transcriptomic data of the TCGA COAD cohort were used for integrated bioinformatics analysis. The Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was applied to classify the modules correlated with mRNAsi scores. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts GSE76402 was used to verify the DEGs between colon cancer and normal tissues. Real-time PCR and Flow-cytometry were used to validate the expression of genes and cancer stem cells marker in the spheres of colon cancer cells. The Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT algorithm were used to explore the correlation between significant genes and the immune cells in tumor microenvironment. Result: The mRNAsi score was associated with tumor development and progression. TTK were identified as COAD stemness-related genes based on WGCNA analysis. TTK were negatively correlated with immunity. Interestingly, M1 Macrophages had a higher infiltration in COAD with high TTK expression. Higher infiltration of M1 Macrophages would result in the worse survival rate of COAD patients. Conclusion: TTK may have the potential as a prognostic biomarker and adjuvant target to promote immunotherapy sensitivity and improve outcomes of COAD patients.
Optimal Trajectory Planning Analysis of Robot Manipulator Using PSO
Authors: singh gurjeet , Banga V. K.
Published: July 2021

For large- and small-scale industry, the major issue considered as to obtain the orientation and desire position of robot manipulators. The analysis of robotic manipulation requires two kinds of kinematic analysis namely inverse and forward kinematic analysis. This article aims to frame the inverse kinematic model of 5 DOF and 6 DOF robot manipulator. Planning of a movement flow has been designed followed by the evaluation of all the Denavit –Hartenberg (DH) parameter for the estimation of the desired orientation and position of the end effector. For the inverse Kinematics solution, conventional technique like DH notation, iteration and transformation were being utilized. The trajectory inverse kinematics minimization has been the main objective in this study and it has been achieved by Particle Swarm Optimization PSO. A quintic 5th order polynomial with joint space trajectory has been implemented in this study to find the paths for velocity and acceleration evaluation. Cartesian Trajectory is applied to the shortest path and get the transformation matrix for each intermediate point. Finally, the obstacle avoidance has been exhibited by PSO. The distance velocity, acceleration and angular displacement have been evaluated to analyse the shortest path and obstacle path avoidance.
Interpretable Machine Learning Identifies Paediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Subtypes Based On Gene Expression Data
Authors: A.Yones Sara , Annett Alva , Stoll Patricia , Diamanti Klev , Holmfeldt Linda , Barrenäs Carl Fredrik , Meadows Jennifer , Komorowski Jan
Published: July 2021

Transcriptomic analyses are commonly used to identify differentially expressed genes between patients and controls, or within individuals across disease courses. These methods, whilst effective, cannot encompass the combinatorial effects of genes driving disease. We applied rule-based machine learning (RBML) models and rule networks (RN) to an existing paediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) blood expression dataset, with the goal of developing gene networks to separate low and high disease activity (DA1 and DA3). The resultant model had an 81% accuracy to distinguish between DA1 and DA3, with unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealing additional subgroups indicative of the immune axis involved or state of disease flare. These subgroups correlated with clinical variables, suggesting that the gene sets identified may further the understanding of gene networks that act in concert to drive disease progression. This included roles for genes i) induced by interferons (IFI35 and OTOF), ii) key to SLE cell types (KLRB1 encoding CD161), or iii) with roles in autophagy and NF-κB pathway responses (CKAP4). As demonstrated here, RBML approaches have the potential to reveal novel gene patterns from within a heterogeneous disease, facilitating patient clinical and therapeutic stratification.
3D Printed Template CT-Guided 125I Seed Implantation In The Treatment Of A Patient With Giant Type A Thymoma: A Case Report
Authors: Liu Jian-Ping , Zhang Jun , Zhang Guang-Lin
Published: July 2021

Background: Thymoma, as a malignant tumor with low incidence, is still recommended to be treated with surgery. For middle and advanced patients who can not be treated with surgery, it is recommended to use preoperative radiochemotherapy or chemotherapy. After the tumor regressed, the feasibility of surgical resection will be evaluated. As a new technique developed in recent years, 3D template CT-guided 125I seed implantation has achieved effective results in the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. Case presentation: We report a case of locally advanced giant thymoma (more than 10 cm) who received 3D template CT-guided 125I seed implantation and achieved clinical complete remission. Conclusions: It suggested that radioactive particle implantation may be a new and effective method for the nonoperative treatments of thymoma.
Genetic Diversity Among Sumac Accessions Collected From Five Areas of Iran
Authors: Sabaghnia Zeinab , Matloobi Mansour
Published: July 2021

Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) has been used in human nutrition as herbal drug to treat different diseases for centuries. In recent years, its genetic improvement has engrossed more consideration because of its substantial portion to human health and nutrition. Middle East region, including Iran being its origin. However, the diffused cultivation of sumac, endangers its existence in the future, so its protection and genetic improvement may cause extensive cultivation. This investigation aims to determine the genetic variation among 23 sumac accessions. Of 18 different traits, consist of four descriptive characters were used. Analysis of variance demonstrated significant differences for all of the morphological characters, and the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.6% in seed length to 37.9% in the weight of the bunch. Results of mean comparison through LSD test indicated that accessions YA6, AB1, and AB2 following to YA10, KB1, KB2, KB3, and AB3 were the best performing accessions for most of the morphological traits. The cluster analysis classified accessions into four groups as Cluster-I can be regarded for the weight of ten fruit while Cluster-IV can be regarded for the weight of the bunch. The accessions of Cluster-II and Cluster-III had relatively good or average magnitudes for most of the studied charters, and they can be used for improving these sumac traits considering goals of the breeder. The factor analysis explained 74.81% (39.71% and 35.10% by factor-1 and factor-2, respectively) of the total variation. Traits leaf length, leaf width, terminal leaflet length, and terminal leaflet width are positively correlated based plot of the first two factors. Accessions YA6, AB1, and AB2 were the best performing accessions in terms of studied traits and are worth germplasm for next genetic improvement projects in sumac because they can be selected as parents for crossing and breeding new sumac cultivars in the future.
High Sensitivity of Surface Plasmon Enhanced Refractive Index Sensor Based on Tunable Liquid Core Photonic Crystal Fiber Covered with Four Gold-Films
Authors: Fan Zhenkai , Qin Jianye , Chu Shichao , Gao Junling
Published: July 2021

A high sensitivity near-infrared photonic crystal fiber (PCF) refractive index sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed in this paper. The sensing performance of the PCF refractive index sensor is calculated and analyzed by using the finite element method (FEM). The coated metal material selects for chemically stable gold, which is used to induce SPR. The resonant coupling will occurs when the phase matching condition is met between the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode and the fundamental mode. The influence of the diameter of the central hole and the thickness of the gold film on the resonance wavelength and the confinement loss was studied. Numerical results demonstrate that the average sensitivity of the sensor can reach to 3200nm/RIU, which can be used in the field of refractive index detecting.
Immune Profile Of Uveal Melanoma Patients: Impact On Clinical Outcome
Authors: Rossi Ernesto , Zizzari Ilaria Grazia , Filippo Alessandra Di , Acampora Anna , Pagliara Monica Maria , Sammarco Maria Grazia , Simmaco Maurizio , Lionetto Luana , Botticelli Andrea , Bria Emilio , Marchetti Paolo , Blasi Maria Antonietta , Tortora Giampaolo , Schinzari Giovanni , Nuti Marianna
Published: July 2021

Background.

Immunotherapy represents a common therapeutic option for metastatic uveal melanoma, despite the low activity. Although overall survival is often dismal, long survivors can be observed. In this study, the prognostic role of the soluble isoforms of immunomodulatory receptors and cytokines/chemokines was evaluated as well as their ability to identify patients who can benefit more from anti-PD-1 therapy.
Methods.

Sera from 22 metastatic uveal melanoma patients were assayed to evaluate the levels of cytokines/chemokines and soluble immune checkpoint molecules by multiplex immunoassay analysis. The changes of these molecules during anti-PD-1 therapy were assessed. The correlation between soluble isoforms of immunomodulatory receptors/cytokines/chemokines and survival was analysed. A comparison between circulating immune profile of metastatic uveal melanoma and cutaneous melanoma during anti-PD-1 therapy was also performed.
Results.

The levels of sCD137, sCD28, sPD-1, sPD-L2 sLAG3, sCD80 and sTim3 were significantly enhanced during anti-PD-1 treatment. Similarly, the levels of IP-10, CCL2 and IDO activity were significantly increased during anti-PD-1 therapy. HVEM, IL-8 and IDO activity were higher in patients with survival < 6 months. Considering these 3 molecules, we obtained a score able to predict patients’ survival. Serum CD137, sGITR and sCD27 were significantly lower in patients with survival > 30 months. Serum GITR, sCD27, sPD-1, sCD80, IFNγ and IDO activity were significantly higher in uveal melanoma patients than in cutaneous melanoma patients during anti-PD-1 therapy.
Conclusions.

The molecules detected in uveal melanoma during anti-PD-1 treatment reflect the poor activation of immune system and may justify the limited response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Nevertheless, some patients with metastatic uveal melanoma had a long survival. These patients could be identified through a score based on circulating immune molecules such as HVEM, IDO and IL-8. The comparison of immune profile during anti-PD-1 therapy between uveal melanoma and cutaneous melanoma reflects the different efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in these diseases.