bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gendered Nationalism: Bangladeshi Narratives of the War of Liberation
Authors: Fedtke Jana
Published: September 2023

Within the frameworks of postcolonial analysis and gender studies, focused on the involvement of women in the struggle for independence of Bangladesh in 1971, this article presents and discusses three literary and filmic representations of Bangladesh’s War of Liberation. This analysis combines non-fictional and fictional perspectives and input and clearly confirms that, contrary to popular perceptions of predominantly male war heroes, women also participated in the struggle for independence. Women’s sacrifices and commitment to independence and justice have helped build Bangladesh and strengthen gender equality in the context of Bangladeshi nationalism. The analysis establishes the Bangladeshi Liberation War of 1971 as an aftermath of the partition of the subcontinent in 1947. This theme assumes particular importance upon the 50th anniversary of the War of Liberation in 2021 and the 75th anniversary of the Partition in 2022.
Book review: Manik Kher, Of Struggles and Joys in Industrial Research: A Memoir
Authors: Adamolekun Oluwapelumi
Published: September 2023

Manik Kher, Of Struggles and Joys in Industrial Research: A Memoir (Pune: Author and Replika Press, 2023), xi + 154 pp.
Design Hourly Volume Estimation at Freeway Nodes From Short-Term Traffic Counts
Authors: Baumann Marvin V. , Schilling Magdalena , Friedrich Markus , Reichert Sebastian , Vortisch Peter , Wassmuth Volker
Published: September 2023

This paper extends the concept of a design hourly volume (DHV) which is derived from the “ nth hour” to a concept based on the nth highest saturated hour. To calculate this nth highest saturated hour at each ramp junction of a node, it is necessary to have permanent traffic counts (PTC) on all ramps and the main lanes. In practice, such counts are often not available. For such cases, the German Highway Capacity Manual proposes a method that enables the estimation of DHV through short-term traffic counts (STCs) and the extrapolation of the results using available PTC in the vicinity. This study examines how accurately the required nth highest saturated hour can be estimated with this method and similar concepts. Furthermore, we investigate to what extent the number and the location of the available PTC affect the accuracy of the estimation. Scenarios without PTC are also considered. The evaluation is based on a database with a total of 72 freeway nodes for which PTC data from three years (2017–2019) are processed. The results show that the estimation of the nth highest saturated hour with the method of the German Highway Capacity Manual works accurately, even if only one PTC is available on each inflowing approach. The results further indicate that STC are crucial to achieve accurate results when few PTCs are available. Acceptable results are also obtained by STC of one week, even without a projection at a PTC.
Shortest Path Problems with a Crash Risk Objective
Authors: Hu Qiong , Mehdizadeh Amir , Vinel Alexander , Cai Miao , Rigdon Steven E. , Zhang Wenbin , Megahed Fadel M.
Published: September 2023

With more and more data related to driving, traffic, and road conditions becoming available, there has been renewed interest in predictive modeling of traffic incident risk and corresponding risk factors. New machine learning approaches in particular have recently been proposed, with the goal of forecasting the occurrence of either actual incidents or their surrogates, or estimating driving risk over specific time intervals, road segments, or both. At the same time, as evidenced by our review, prescriptive modeling literature (e.g., routing or truck scheduling) has yet to capitalize on these advancements. Indeed, research into risk-aware modeling for driving is almost entirely focused on hazardous materials transportation (with a very distinct risk profile) and frequently assumes a fixed incident risk per mile driven. We propose a framework for developing data-driven prescriptive optimization models with risk criteria for traditional trucking applications. This approach is combined with a recently developed machine learning model to predict driving risk over a medium-term time horizon (the next 20 min to an hour of driving), resulting in a biobjective shortest path problem. We further propose a solution approach based on the k-shortest path algorithm and illustrate how this can be employed.
Are Warnings Suitable for Presentation in Head-Up Display? A Meta-Analysis for the Effect of Head-Up Display Warning on Driving Performance
Authors: Niu Liuqingcheng , Gao Sike , Shi Jinlei , Wu Changxu , Wang Yuwei , Ma Shu , Wang Duming , Yang Zhen , Li Hongting
Published: September 2023

Head-up display (HUD) warnings are gaining increasing attention with the growing importance of advanced warning systems in vehicles for improving driving safety. However, the effectiveness of HUD warnings is still controversial considering the various driving performance indexes, warning modalities, and driving scenarios used in previous studies. This study conducts meta-analyses of the relevant literature to examine whether HUD warnings (both unimodal HUD warnings and multimodal warnings with HUD) have advantages compared with other warnings (head-down display warnings, auditory warnings, tactile warnings, and multimodal warnings without HUD) for driver reaction times and driving quality. Overall, 33 articles were included in four meta-analyses. Additionally, the effects of the related moderator variables of scenario, mapping of warnings, and non-driving-related tasks (NDRTs) on the relationship between using HUD warnings and using non-HUD warnings was analyzed. The results show that using unimodal HUD warnings leads to faster reaction times compared with head-down display warnings but has no significant advantage on driving performance over auditory warnings in general and results in slower reaction times than using tactile warnings. However, results of the moderating effects suggest that using HUD warnings in non-critical scenarios and using high mapping HUD icons (i.e., HUD warnings with specific hazard information) are conducive to improving driving performance in comparison with other warning types. These results highlight the potential advantages of HUD in transmitting warning information. The future application and design of HUD warnings may need to focus on specific situations considering iconic mapping to an event.
In Vivo Effect of Partial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear Location on Ulnohumeral Joint Gapping With Stress Ultrasound in Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Ciccotti Michael C. , Paul Ryan W. , Gawel Richard J. , Erickson Brandon J. , Dodson Christopher C. , Cohen Steven B. , Nazarian Levon N. , Ciccotti Michael G.
Published: September 2023

Background:

Stress ultrasonography (SUS) has provided clinicians with an alternative means of evaluating ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury by dynamically assessing ulnohumeral joint space gapping under applied valgus stress. However, 3 previous cadaveric studies have evaluated the biomechanical effect of partial UCL tears at different anatomic locations with conflicting results.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to use in vivo data from patients with magnetic resonance (MR)–confirmed partial UCL tears to determine if anatomic partial tear location influenced the resultant stability of the elbow in terms of ulnohumeral joint gapping on SUS. It was hypothesized that no difference would be seen in the amount of ulnohumeral joint gapping based on MR-identified anatomic partial UCL tear location.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

All patients diagnosed with elbow injury from 2015 to 2020 were screened to identify competitive baseball pitchers with a partial UCL tear who received an SUS. Partial UCL tear was diagnosed via surgeon and radiologist interpretation of elbow MR imaging (MRI) as well as confirmation at the time of surgery as documented in the operative report. Demographic, injury, and treatment data were collected from the clinic notes, MRI reports, and stress ultrasound reports. Ulnohumeral joint gapping on SUS was calculated as the difference between ulnohumeral joint gapping without valgus stress versus ulnohumeral joint gapping with valgus stress (delta) as performed by a musculoskeletal radiologist.

Results:

Overall, 60 male baseball pitchers (age, 19.2 ± 2.1 years), including 22 (37%) high school, 26 (43%) collegiate, and 12 (20%) professional pitchers, were evaluated. Regarding the location of partial UCL tears, 32 (53%) pitchers had proximal tears and 28 (47%) had distal tears. The mean delta value cohort was 2.1 ± 1.1 mm, and 34 pitchers (57%) had delta values >2.0 mm. Ulnohumeral joint gapping (high school [1.9 mm] vs collegiate [2.6 mm] vs professional [1.6 mm]; P = .004) and the percentage of pitchers with delta values >2.0 mm (45% vs 77% vs 33%; P = .017) differed based on level of competition. After controlling for age, body mass index, and level of competition in a multivariate linear regression, tear location was not related to ulnohumeral joint gapping ( P = .499).

Conclusion:

No difference was observed in the amount of ulnohumeral joint gapping on SUS in symptomatic baseball pitchers with MR-identified partial UCL tears at differing anatomic locations. The findings of this study are contrary to previous cadaveric studies that have evaluated the effects of UCL tear characteristics on delta laxity.
Mapping trade, risk and extreme weather in the first globalization: The AveTransRisk database
Authors: Dyble Jake , Iodice Antonio
Published: September 2023

This research note introduces the award-winning AveTransRisk database, the result of an extensive project capturing data on early modern maritime trade, specifically in the Mediterranean region. It focuses on the concept of General Average, where shipmasters voluntarily sacrificed cargo to save their vessels from peril. General Average procedures, including accident reports and damage calculations, provide valuable information for economic and maritime historians. The AveTransRisk database offers detailed insights into routes, cargo, weather conditions, ships, seafarers and transaction costs. It enables scholars to examine broader topics such as comparative maritime economies, the evolution of legal institutions and risk management. Fully relational and equipped with advanced search functions and mapping capabilities, the database facilitates comprehensive analysis. As it expands to include voyages from other European archives, its usability and resilience increase. Supported by the University of Exeter's digital infrastructure, the AveTransRisk database contributes to the sustainability of digital resources in historical research.
Resilience-building in Adversarial Trials: Witnesses, Special Measures and the Principle of Orality
Authors: Fairclough Samantha
Published: September 2023

Using Fineman's vulnerability theory, this paper argues that the traditional adversarial approach to examining witnesses in criminal trials – premised on the principle of orality – reduces the resilience of those giving evidence. This is because the adversarial setting often leaves those testifying in a heightened state of stress, reducing the quality and reliability of their evidence as a result. In turn, this traditional approach to securing oral witness testimony in criminal trials loses resilience, in that it becomes more difficult to justify as the general approach. The use of special measures – to adjust the way testimony is given and ameliorate some of the associated stressors – provides resilience to the individual testifying, the robustness of their evidence, and the safety of consequent criminal verdicts. The positive effects special measures yield therefore lend additional resilience to our commitment to the principle of orality and the principles upon which it rests. This article concludes that the State should maximise such resilience-building through more generous special measures provision.
Business Model Implementation of New Ventures: Linking TMT Process Antecedents, Organizational Culture, and Firm Performance
Authors: Liu Along , Liu Hefu , Gu Jibao , Chen Meng , Jin Chenglin
Published: September 2023

How do top management teams (TMTs) play a role in new ventures’ business model implementation? Drawing on group process theory and the organizational culture literature, this study investigates the impact of TMT processes on new ventures’ business model implementation and how organizational culture moderates such relationships. We propose a positive effect of TMT agreement seeking but a negative effect of TMT interpersonal conflict on business model implementation. Furthermore, we theorize that the roles of these two TMT processes are contingent on organizational culture. Specifically, we posit that the benefit of TMT agreement seeking is amplified by flexibility orientation culture but reduced by control orientation culture. Conversely, the harm from TMT interpersonal conflict is weakened by the flexibility orientation culture but amplified by the control orientation culture. Using two waves of matched survey data collected from 896 TMT members in 224 Chinese new technology-based ventures, the results provide strong support for these hypotheses. Our findings yield actionable guidelines for new ventures pursuing business model implementation and superior performance.
How Does Regional Social Capital Structure the Relationship Between Entrepreneurship, Ethnic Diversity, and Residential Segregation?
Authors: Cordero Arkangel M. , Lewis Alexander C.
Published: September 2023

The extant theory posits that ethno-racial diversity promotes entrepreneurship by increasing the novelty of information and perspectives available for recombination in a region. This view presupposes the flow of novel information among potential entrepreneurs. Yet, we know comparatively little about how regional social structures (e.g., collective social capital) that affect information flows condition this relationship. We build on the sociological literature to theorize how the interplay between collective social capital and residential segregation moderates the relationship between ethno-racial diversity and entrepreneurship. We test, and find empirical support for, our hypotheses among all registered new ventures started in the United States between 1990 and 2018.
A Survey on Alveolar Bone Grafting in Indian Cleft Centers
Authors: Thiruvenkatachari Badri , Prathap Manoj , Jauhar Preeti , Batra Panchali , Shetty Preetham , Subash Pramod
Published: September 2023

Objective

To assess the factors influencing the type and timing of Alveolar Bone Grafting (ABG) among cleft centers throughout India. To examine the decision-making criteria for orthodontic treatment and the timing of ABG.

Design

Cross sectional survey

Method

This survey was based on a convenience-based sample selected from cleft teams across India. The survey was formulated using the SurveyMonkey platform and emailed to 40 cleft teams. The survey included questions on demographics, timing, surgical protocol, orthodontic protocol, radiograph prescription rate, assessment methods for the success of ABG and three scenarios for evaluating the timing of the bone graft. The Chi-squared test was performed to evaluate the difference in opinion between specialists. The inter-examiner reliability was assessed using Kappa statistics.

Results

Thirty-five units completed the questionnaire. Most units operate with 1-2 surgeons, with 42.9% of them treating cleft patients for under 5 years. Only 11.4% of centres routinely advised oblique occlusal radiographs for post-surgery evaluation, and 31.4% prescribed CBCT. However, 40% of cleft teams did not perform audits to evaluate the success of ABG, and less than 50% advised radiographs six months post-surgery. Around 26% of centres do not routinely provide orthodontic treatment pre-ABG. The inter-examiner reliability for case scenarios showed poor agreement between the clinicians.

Conclusion

The survey showed a serious lack of consensus in the ABG treatment among cleft teams in India and emphasises the need for standardised protocols for the treatment of children with cleft palate. There is an urgent need to develop core outcome set in cleft.
Personal Barriers to High Conflict Domestic Dispute Resolution
Authors: Anderson Kelli , Kondili Elvita , Stiller Christine , Korenchuk Jennifer , Jennings Samantha E.
Published: September 2023

The aim of this research is to determine the antecedents that cause domestic disputes to devolve into high conflict domestic disputes (HCDs) in couples with children. Little is known about how antecedents can cause conflict to progress from low to high levels, comprehensive assessment of existing and potential conflicts, or the effectiveness of interventions that may help couples in HCDs. Using a qualitative, grounded theory approach, a theory that identifies the antecedents that cause regular conflict to devolve into a HCD was developed. This theory increases understanding of early identification of antecedents, and the use of proactive and targeted interventions to specifically address these antecedents could help reduce or eliminate HCDs by allowing the root cause of the conflict to be addressed before it escalates to high conflict. The purposes of this study were, therefore, to (1) explore the perceptions of family counselors about assessment of and interventions for antecedents that can cause conflicts to progress to HCDs in couples with children and (2) develop a conceptual framework and theory to explain how antecedents can create barriers to conflict resolution and describe a process for decreasing the potential for the development or continuation of HCDs in couples with children.
Metastatic Testicular Sex Cord Tumor Harboring a EWSR1::ATF1 Gene Fusion—A Case Report of a Novel Neoplasm: “Inflammatory and Nested Testicular Sex Cord Tumor”
Authors: Carrillo-Ng Hugo , Arvanitis Leonidas , Manoukian Saro , Arias-Stella Javier A.
Published: September 2023

We present a case report of a 54-year-old male with a metastatic testicular sex cord tumor harboring a EWSR1::ATF1 gene fusion. The tumor displayed a solid and nested architecture with sclerotic stroma and variable inflammatory infiltrate, and was positive for SF-1, inhibin, EMA, CD30, and WT1 expression. Further genetic analysis identified a EWSR1::ATF1 gene fusion. Overall findings were consistent with an “inflammatory and nested testicular sex cord tumor,” a recently described testicular neoplasm characterized by EWSR1::ATF1 gene fusion and aggressive clinical behavior. Due to the aggressive nature of this entity and the limited response to current treatment options available, identification of potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and targeted therapies are critical. This case report provides important insights into the genomic landscape of testicular sex cord-stromal tumors, especially within the CTNNB1-negative subset of patients with an aggressive clinical course, and further supports the distinction of “inflammatory and nested testicular sex cord tumor” as a separate entity from Sertoli cell tumors due to its characteristic morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular, features and clinical behavior.
A Rare Case of Synchronous Fumarate Hydratase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma and Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma With Fumarate Hydratase and von Hippel-Lindau Gene Mutations: A Clinicopathologic and Molecular Study
Authors: Wen Hui , Zheng Linmao , Zhang Mengxin , Pan Xiuyi , Wang Duohao , Qian Jinyu , Zhang Xingming , Zhou Qiao , Chen Ni
Published: September 2023

Fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-deficient RCC) is a rare and aggressive tumor characterized by pathogenic alterations in the fumarate hydratase ( FH) gene. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (clear cell RCC) is a common renal cell carcinoma (RCC) associated with von Hippel-Lindau ( VHL) gene variations. Here, we reported a case of bilateral RCCs. A 60-year-old man was admitted to hospital with a 3.6 cm × 3.3 cm mass in the right kidney and a 2.8 cm × 2.3 cm nodule in the left kidney. Pathologically, the right tumor showed a nested growth pattern of cells with clear cytoplasm and was FH positive and 2-succinylcysteine (2SC) negative. The left tumor demonstrated a high-grade papillary pattern and was FH negative and 2SC positive. Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing identified a germline FH c.563A > T mutation in both the tumors and an additional somatic VHL c.479_480insA mutation in the right tumor, confirming the diagnosis of clear cell RCC and FH-deficient RCC in the right and left kidneys, respectively. We reported a rare case of synchronous bilateral clear cell RCC (right) and FH-deficient RCC (left) likely driven by somatic VHL mutation and germline FH mutation, respectively.
Gastrointestinal Tactile Corpuscle-Like Bodies: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Mobarki Mousa , Musawi Shaqraa , Alibrahim Mansour Yagoob , Péoc’h Michel , Karpathiou Georgia
Published: September 2023

Gastrointestinal tactile corpuscle-like bodies are a rare, incidental, entirely benign finding. It is mainly reported in the colorectum and esophagus/gastro-esophageal junction. Rare cases have been documented in the stomach. Here, we present two cases of gastric and colonic tactile corpuscle-like bodies of a 38-year-old female and a 55-year-old male, respectively. Endoscopically, the colonic lesion was resected as an adenomatous polyp, while the gastric biopsies were taken to rule out Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) gastritis. Microscopically, both specimens revealed the same histopathologic aspects of eosinophilic fibrillary material with round to oval cells and peripherally placed nuclei. Immunohistochemically, these lesions were positive for anti-S100, confirming the diagnosis of tactile corpuscle-like bodies. A thorough literature review is provided.
Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Kidney With Pure Round Cell Features: A Case Report With Review of Literature
Authors: Lobo Anandi , Jha Shilpy , Kapoor Rahul , Diwaker Preeti , Akgul Mahmut , Arora Samriti , Pradhan Manas , Sahoo Biswajit , Nigam Lovelesh K. , Mohanty Sambit K.
Published: September 2023

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm known to occur at various soft tissue and visceral locations. Kidney is a rarely reported site for these tumors. Most of the SFTs described in the kidney exhibit a classical CD34-positive patternless spindle cell histology. Focal round cell morphology is seldom reported. Herein, we describe a 48-year-old male patient with renal SFT. This tumor had pure round cell morphology with a CD34−/STAT6+ immunophenotype. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and a multiplexed sequencing assay performed on an Illumina® HiSeq 4000 platform revealed NAB2 and STAT6 gene rearrangement. Renal tumors with round cell morphology are diagnostically challenging and SFT is not often considered in the differential diagnosis of a round cell tumor of the kidney. Moreover, a CD34-negative profile can be rather confounding while diagnosing such lesions. In such scenarios, a strong nuclear STAT6 immunostaining is extremely helpful in clinching the diagnosis. SFT should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of round cell tumors of the kidney due to significant diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
“I Try to Read to Them in Both Languages”: Bilingual Maestras’ Enactment and Embodiment of Critical Biliteracies Through Bilanguaging Love
Authors: Degollado Enrique David
Published: September 2023

Drawing on life stories and classroom observations, this qualitative study examined how six bilingual maestras enacted and embodied critical biliteracies through bilanguaging love. These maestras were born, raised, and now teach bilingual education on the Texas–Mexico border. Their stories revealed contradictory and complex beliefs about literacy learning in Spanish and English, demonstrating how critical biliteracies teach children to read and write through the concept of bilanguaging love, a way of living between languages and epistemologies. Using qualitative methods like convivios and pláticas, rooted in other subaltern knowledges, the maestras articulated the nuanced realties of literacy learning. This study grounds critical biliteracies in border theories as a way of reading and writing the word and world.
The Interplay Between Blood Inflammatory Markers, Symptom Domains, and Severity of ADHD Disorder in Children
Authors: Abdel Samei Afaf Mohammed , Mahmoud Dalia Abdel Moneim , Salem Boshra Beshoy , Abd El Moneam Mohamed Hossam El-Din
Published: September 2023

Objective:

ADHD has a multi-factorial etiology among which the inflammatory theory presupposition. We aimed to explore the interplay between blood inflammatory markers; neutrophil lymphocyte ratios (NLR), platelet\lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), symptom domains, and severity of ADHD.

Method:

A total of 50 children with ADHD and 50 healthy controls were recruited. Children were assessed using the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview for children and adolescents (MINI-KID), the Wechsler intelligence scale for children, the Conners’ parent rating scale. Then, NLR, PLR, and MPV were measured.

Results:

There was a statistically significant difference between children with ADHD and the control group with regard to all blood inflammatory markers (except platelet count). The subtypes and severity of ADHD had no significant relation with NLR, PLR, and MPV.

Conclusion:

blood inflammatory markers are significantly high in children with ADHD but could not predict specific symptom domains or severity.
Public Private Partnership with Chinese Characteristics: A Critical Review and Theoretical Framework
Authors: Cheng Zhe , Li Yun , Liu Tingting , Wang Huanming
Published: September 2023

The localization and generalization of the public–private partnership (PPP) is a controversial issue discussed in the research agenda of PPP. China has played a central role in global PPP development in recent years. This study reviews the policy and development of PPP in China through the lens of punctuated-equilibrium theory. A conceptual framework of China-type PPP, including projects, organizations, functions, policies, and governance, is then developed for analysis and interpretation through global comparisons. This study indicates the possibility of a “China model” in PPP due to China’s distinct evolutionary process, characteristics, and representative PPP, but requires further extraction, summarization, and enrichment with sustainable development. In addition, the “China model” will have a potential peer-level value for other emerging markets.
Exudative vascular anomalous complex-like lesion of the peripapillary area
Authors: Temkar Shreyas , Natarajan Kaviyapriya , Deb Amit Kumar , Sagar Pradeep
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Perifoveal exudative vascular anomalous complex is an uncommon retinal lesion of idiopathic origin characteristically described as an isolated, aneurysmal lesion of the perifoveal region. We report an unusual presentation of an exudative vascular anomalous complex-like lesion affecting the peripapillary area.

Case description

A 69-year-old diabetic woman presented with blurred vision in her left eye for two months. Fundus examination of the left eye showed a small, reddish-orange lesion just supratemporal to the optic disc with perifoveal hard exudates and retinal thickening. Fundus fluorescein angiography demonstrated a peripapillary hyperfluorescent lesion with minimal leakage. Ocular coherence tomography showed an oval structure extending throughout the outer and inner plexiform and nuclear layers with a hyper-reflective wall accompanied by subfoveal and intraretinal fluid suggestive of an eVAC-like lesion in the peripapillary area. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection was given, and the lesion persisted even three weeks after the injection. Later, focal laser photocoagulation of the aneurysmal lesion was done. At 6 weeks follow-up, a complete resolution of the aneurysmal lesion with a marked decrease in retinal edema and an improvement of the visual acuity was observed.

Conclusion

Exudative intraretinal aneurysmal lesions can occur in areas other than perifoveal area. OCT is an useful investigation for knowing their characteristics and the response to treatment. These aneurysmal lesions irrespective of their location can be called by the name eVAC-like or more aptly retinal capillary macro aneurysms (RCM).
Investigation of the misalignment and modification for crown roller contacts under mixed lubrication
Authors: Pei Xin , Yang Wanyou
Published: September 2023

A new contact model of finite-length crowned roller bearing, capable of handling lubrication, eccentric load, and misalignment situations, is established in this study. Simulation results of interface pressure, film thickness distribution, flash temperature, and subsurface stress can be obtained with different speeds, misalignment angles, load eccentricity, and roller trimming parameters. It is found that edge trimming can greatly reduce the stress concentration at the edge, and there are optimal trimming parameters to minimize the concentrated stress under normal load and eccentric load. When the eccentric load exceeds a certain angle, the increase in the maximum stress can be very large, which may lead to premature failure of the interface. Meanwhile, the staggering velocity caused by the misalignment of the roller axis also has a certain influence on the distribution of the lubricating film.
Well-being at midlife: Correlates of mental health in ambulatory menopausal women with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Morales-Rodriguez Denisse , Anderson Annika , Nylander Alyssa , Hsu Stephanie , Singh Jessica , Rowles Will , Walsh Christine M , Braley Tiffany J , Bove Riley
Published: September 2023

Background:

A majority of women with multiple sclerosis (MS) are diagnosed prior to menopause, yet their experiences during this transition are not well characterized.

Objectives:

To explore associations between mental health, sleep, and other quality of life metrics, and vasomotor symptoms (VMSs) in ambulatory, menopausal women with MS.

Methods:

A secondary analysis was performed of baseline data from two trials enrolling ambulatory peri/postmenopausal women with MS: NCT02710214 ( N = 24, bothersome VMS) and NCT04002934 (ongoing, N = 35, myelin repair). Measures analyzed were 36-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-36) (primary scale: general mental health), subjective sleep quality (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index), VMS (daily diary, interference), mood (Center for Epidemiologist Studies—Depression Scale (CES-D)), walking impairment (timed 25-foot walk (T25FW)), and global disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)).

Results:

Participants’ characteristics ( N = 59) were: mean age 51.8 years ( SD = 3.4), mean disease duration 11.3 years ( SD = 7.6), median EDSS 3.0 (IQR = 2.0–4.0). Mental health was associated with better sleep quality (rho = −0.41, p = 0.019) and better mood (rho = −0.75, p < 0.001), but not with EDSS or T25FW (rho < 0.20, p > 0.10). Worse sleep quality also correlated with more frequent VMS (rho = 0.41, p = 0.02) and VMS interference (rho = 0.59, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Findings suggest that optimizing sleep quality, mood, and hot flash quantity/interference could substantially improve mental health in menopausal women with MS—and highlight an important care gap in this population.
The role of geolocation data in U.S. political campaigning: How digital political strategists perceive it
Authors: Riedl Martin J , Tsyrenzhapova Dariya , Collier Jessica R , Gursky Jacob , Joseff Katie , Woolley Samuel
Published: September 2023

The use of geolocation data by political campaigns is often the subject of media concern. Research has investigated the role of data in and use by political campaigns, but less attention has been paid to digital political strategists largely responsible for decisions behind the assemblage and mining of voter databases to deliver micro-targeted messages on behalf of political campaigns. In this study, we conducted interviews with 14 leading industry professionals in the United States to examine the common scenarios and associated concerns of using geolocation data to target voters. Our findings reveal that geolocation data are an important asset in political campaigns, but their value is contingent on additional factors. Concerns regarding geolocation data, as interviewees suggested, may at times be influenced more by the popular media narratives than the true reality of data, their scope, and associated capabilities. Our results point to geolocation data’s greatest usefulness to campaigns not in their own right, but when data are paired with other insights about voters’ behaviors. Ultimately, the lack of industry regulation reveals discrepancies in best practices and raises concerns over the potential misuse of geolocation data in the political space.
Euphoria, disillusionment and fear: Twenty-five years of digital journalism (research)
Authors: Quandt Thorsten
Published: September 2023

Digital journalism and its research have evolved significantly over the last twenty-five years. When the first online media were installed on an experimental basis in the mid-1990s, neither media companies nor scientific observers expected them to transform the way journalism operates. However, very soon after these humble beginnings, a seemingly infectious euphoria spread among journalism scholars who hoped to rejuvenate journalism and democracy with the help of user participation and a resulting “dialogue with the audience.” Still, many of these promises remained unfulfilled, and this led to considerable disenchantment of academics with online media and user participation during the second decade of the 2000s. Indeed, current journalism scholars exhibit a preoccupation with fears of disinformation and forms of “dark” participation. This essay analyzes the process of co-evolution in digital journalism and academia from the personal perspective of a European scholar. Four broad empirical phases are discussed: (1) niche, (2) euphoria, (3) disillusionment, and (4) doom and gloom. Using this typology, a fifth phase will be suggested to extend the current state of the field.
The dementia-inclusive choices in exercise project: Using participatory action research to improve physical activity supports for persons with dementia
Authors: Middleton Laura E , Pelletier Chelsea A , Koch Melissa , Norman Rebekah , Dupuis Sherry , Astell Arlene , Giangregorio Lora M , Hart Felicia , Heibein William , Hughes Crystal , Johannesson Carole , Pearce Bethany , Regan Kayla , Rossignoli Cindy , Andrew Melissa , Pettersen Jacqueline A , Freeman Shannon ,   The DICE Research Team
Published: September 2023

Persons with dementia have the right to equal inclusion in rehabilitation, including physical activity. However, the perspectives of persons with dementia are rarely integrated into decision-making related to physical activity programming, services, and supports. Here, we describe the participatory action research (PAR) approach used to develop the Dementia-Inclusive Choices for Exercise (DICE) toolkit, which aims to increase the quality and number of physical activity opportunities available to persons with dementia. The DICE Research Team included persons with dementia, a family care partner, exercise professionals, community and dementia service providers, health care professionals, and researchers who worked to: 1) Engage/maintain the Research Team; 2) Set/navigate ways of engagement; 3) Understand barriers to physical activity; 4) Prioritize the audience and actions; 5) Develop the toolkit; 6) Conduct usability testing; and 7) Implement and evaluate. Guided by the Behaviour Change Wheel, and informed by interviews, focus groups, and existing research, our PAR Team chose to prioritize training exercise providers; exercise providers can enable exercise for persons with dementia if they understand common changes with dementia and how to support persons with dementia in exercise. The content and format of the toolkit was co-developed: drafted by our Research Team, adapted through a stakeholder workshop, and refined through iterative development and usability testing. The product of our PAR process, the DICE toolkit, includes videos meant to destigmatize dementia, training modules and a training manual for exercise providers, a physical activity handout for persons with dementia, and wallet cards to help persons with dementia communicate their abilities, needs, and preferences. Our usability study indicated that the toolkit could be used by exercise providers and may improve attitudes about dementia. Our vision is that our co-developed DICE toolkit will empower exercise providers to improve physical activity opportunities and support for persons with dementia.
Exoplanetary Exploration and the End of the World in 22 Minutes: Philosofiction in Outer Wilds
Authors: Luersen Eduardo , Paula Julieth
Published: September 2023

In this essay, we work over the imageries of exoplanetary exploration in digital games, observing their connections with concepts from media theories and science fiction studies. This articulation aims to comprehend how, in a philosofictional manner, games fictionally extrapolate the conditions of possibility for astronomical observation, allegorizing a series of contemporary themes regarding the technoscientific knowledge of space and planetary systems. As an analytical procedure, we observe game assets, images, and design dynamics, articulating them theoretically in three axes: technoscientific paraphernalia, compared planetology, and oblique orbits. With this, we understand how games can creatively approach (and, in the light of science fiction, extrapolate) contemporary relationships between science, technology, and society.
Arthritis Foundation/HSS Workshop on Hip Osteoarthritis, Part 3: Rehabilitation and Exercise
Authors: Jochimsen Kate N. , Kim Jason S. , Jayabalan Prakash , Lawrence Cecelia , Lewis Cara L. , Prather Heidi , Bostrom Mathias P.
Published: September 2023

Far more publications are available for osteoarthritis of the knee than of the hip. Recognizing this research gap, the Arthritis Foundation (AF), in partnership with the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), convened an in-person meeting of thought leaders to review the state of the science of and clinical approaches to hip osteoarthritis. This article summarizes the recommendations gleaned from 5 presentations given on hip-related rehabilitation at the 2023 Hip Osteoarthritis Clinical Studies Conference, which took place on February 17 and 18, 2023, in New York City.
The Role of Surgery in the Management of Radiation-Induced Brachial Plexopathy
Authors: Shoukry Mira , Noland Shelley S.
Published: September 2023

Radiation-induced brachial plexopathy (RIBP) is a rare long-term complication of radiation therapy often causing pain, motor deficit, and overall quality of life reduction for affected patients. While a standard treatment for RIBP is yet to be established, management consists mostly of symptom management through the use of medications and physical therapy. There is a lack of evidence regarding the efficacy of surgical treatment. Omentoplasties and other vascularized flaps are commonly discussed options for eliminating neuropathic pain associated with RIBP. However, these approaches show no meaningful improvement in motor function. While limited, current literature suggests that nerve transfers may be an option for relief of neuropathic pain as well as restoration of motor function. This review of literature explores the options available to those affected by RIBP with a focus on the role of surgery.
Morphological characteristics of brain aneurysms among age groups
Authors: Sanchez Sebastian , Essibayi Muhammed Amir , Hickerson Meredith , Ojeda Diego J , Kasab Sami Al , Yoshimura Shinichi , Jabbour Pascal M. , Mascitelli Justin , Levitt Michael R. , Cuellar-Saenz Hugo H. , Brinjikji Waleed , Spiotta Alejandro M. , Shaban Amir , Samaniego Edgar A
Published: September 2023

Background

Patient's age is an important factor in determining the risk of aneurysm rupture. However, there is limited data on how aneurysm morphology differs among age groups. We studied morphological characteristics of brain aneurysms among age groups in a large cohort.

Methods

Aneurysms from the Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR) were analyzed. The following parameters were included: location, size, neck, width, height, aspect ratio, and regular versus irregular morphology. The risk of rupture presentation was estimated using logistic regression.

Results

A total of 1407 unruptured and 607 ruptured saccular aneurysms were included. The most common locations of ruptured aneurysms in patients younger than 70 years-old were the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and the anterior communicating artery (ACOM). The most common location of ruptured aneurysms in patients older than 70 years-old were the posterior communicating artery (PCOM) and ACOM. The size of unruptured aneurysms increased with age (p < .001). Conversely, the size of ruptured aneurysms was similar among age groups (p = .142). Unruptured and ruptured aneurysms became more irregular at presentation with older age (p < .001 and p .025, respectively). Irregular morphology and location were associated with rupture status across all age groups in multivariate regression.

Conclusions

Younger patients have small unruptured and ruptured aneurysms, and ruptured aneurysms are mostly located in the MCA and ACOM. Older patients have larger and more irregular unruptured aneurysms, and ruptured aneurysms are mostly located in the PCOM and ACOM. An irregular morphology increases the risk of rupture in all age groups.
The roles of middle leaders in reinforcing academic optimism
Authors: Gramaje Jannah Abigail D , Buenviaje Jerome T
Published: September 2023

The exceeding importance of academic optimism and the promising potential of middle leadership demand research attention in contribution to student success and school improvement. This paper presents a critical analysis of the roles and contributions of middle leaders through the lens of the academic optimism model. This study used mixed methods with a nonexperimental, exploratory-sequential approach (case-selection variant), identifying best-case participants and featuring qualitative findings through semi-structured interviews with six public-school department heads. These participants represent two high, two average, and two low-optimistic departments. Findings revealed that middle leaders perform four key roles in reinforcing academic optimism: professional mentors, team builders, learning facilitators, and performance navigators.
Queues, crowds, and angry mobs: Face identification under distraction in a virtual airport
Authors: Fysh Matthew C , Baker Edward , Rockett Jodie , Allen John , McCall Cade , Burton A Mike , Bindemann Markus
Published: September 2023

In visual environments, selective attention must be employed to focus on task-relevant stimuli. A key question here concerns the extent to which other stimuli within the visual field influence target processing. In this study, we ask whether face identity matching is subject to similar effects from irrelevant stimuli in the visual field, specifically task-irrelevant people. Although most previous studies rely on highly controlled face and body stimuli presented in isolation, here we use a more realistic environment. Participants take the role of passport officers and must match a person’s face to their photo-ID, while other people appear in the background, waiting to be processed. Presenting an interactive virtual environment on screen (Experiments 1 and 2) or in immersive VR (Experiment 3), we generally found no evidence for distraction from background people on face-matching accuracy. However, when immersed in VR, an angry crowd in the background delayed matching speed while not affecting accuracy. We discuss the theoretical implications of these results and their potential importance in practical settings.
Testing the effects of gaze distractors with invariant spatial direction on attention cueing
Authors: Dalmaso Mario , Galfano Giovanni , Castelli Luigi
Published: September 2023

In four experiments, we tested the boundary conditions of gaze cueing with reference to the resistance to suppression criterion of automaticity. Participants were asked to respond to peripheral targets preceded by a central gaze stimulus. Under one condition, gaze direction was random and uninformative with respect to target location (intermixed condition), as in the typical paradigm. Under another condition, gaze direction was uninformative and, crucially, it was also kept constant throughout the sequence of trials (blocked condition). In so doing, we aimed at maximally reducing the informative value of the gaze stimulus because gaze would not only be task-irrelevant but would also provide no sudden and unpredictable information. Across the four experiments, the results showed a strong gaze-cueing effect. More specifically, a comparable gaze cueing emerged under the blocked and intermixed conditions. These findings are consistent with the idea that gaze cueing is resistant to suppression and are discussed in relation to current views of the automaticity of gaze cueing.
In Vitro Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activities of Curcumin and Selected Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Mohd Abd Razak Mohd Ridzuan , Md Jelas Nur Hana , Muhammad Amirrudin , Padlan Noorsofiana , Sa’at Muhammad Nor Farhan , Azizan Muhammad Afif , Rosli Siti Nur Zawani , Ellan E. Kavithambigai , Zainol Murizal , Thayan Ravindran , Syed Mohamed Ami Fazlin
Published: September 2023

Since the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, many reports have highlighted several potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates, including phenolic compounds. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of nine common phenolic compounds found in plants using the in vitro cellular infection model. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of curcumin, quercetin, gallic acid, catechin, rutin, kaempferol, naringenin, coumaric acid and caffeic acid were evaluated on SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells by using a cytopathic effect (CPE)-based assay. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in human lung cells, A549 expressing human ACE2 and TMPRSS2, was evaluated by the RT-qPCR technique. S1-ACE2 interaction and 3CL protease activity assays were also performed for the potent compound. Of the nine phenolic compounds, only curcumin inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 induced CPE activity (EC50 of 13.63 µM) in Vero E6 cells, but with a low selective index (SI) value. Interestingly, curcumin exhibited potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in A549 cells with an EC50 of 4.57 µM and an SI value of 7.96. S1-ACE2 interaction and 3CL protease inhibitory activities of curcumin were also observed. In conclusion, curcumin showed a moderate in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. The true potential of curcumin as an anti-SARS-CoV-2 candidate could be further evaluated in a COVID-19 animal model.