bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El juez entre el derecho y la literatura. Realidad y ficción del juez literario y su justicia poética
Authors: Hernández Ruiz Marcos Geraldo
Published: September 2023

El juez es el único ser humano que, sin querer ser Dios, está obligado a juzgar a sus semejantes como si lo fuera. Pero, a diferencia de Dios, no juzga humanamente por gracia divina, sino que lo hace con la razón empática, que se convierte en su justicia poética. El juez alcanza esta justicia poética ubicándose entre el derecho y la literatura, metamorfoseándose en juez literario, un hombre y personaje jurídico-literario que Dios, a su imagen y semejanza, con justicia divina amaría.
Interventions for Improving Mental Health and Quality of Life of Older Adults with Mental Illness in Long-term Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ngamwongwiwat Benjawan , Kongsuwan Vineekarn , Songwathana Praneed
Published: September 2023

Various mental health interventions have been provided to older adults living in long-term care facilities, but the overall effectiveness of these interventions in improving mental health and quality of life remains inconclusive. This study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate and report interventions’ effects on improving mental health and quality of life among this population. A comprehensive search was conducted from January to February 2022 using PubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases to identify eligible intervention studies published in English from December 2011 to December 2021. The inclusion criteria required studies to measure mental health and quality of life as outcomes in individuals aged 60 years and older with mental illness living in long-term care facilities. Studies that measured only mental health or quality of life were excluded. The PRISMA guidelines were used to guide the study’s method and report. Two reviewers independently evaluated the included studies’ methodological quality and extracted data. A third reviewer resolved discrepancies.
         Six randomized controlled trials and two quasi-experimental studies were included for systematic review, of which five studies qualified for meta-analysis involving 658 participants. Due to high heterogeneity, subgroup analysis with a fixed effects model was conducted. The interventions integrating active social interactions reduced depressive symptoms (low certainty of the evidence). Additionally, reminiscence-based interventions improved the quality of life of older adults with mental illness (low certainty of evidence). Although the effectiveness of interventions remains inconclusive due to high heterogeneity, a limited number of studies in the meta-analysis, and low-quality evidence, this review suggested that nursing care and activities promoting active social interactions and reminiscence should be implemented in living in long-term care facilities to enhance the quality of life and mental health of older adults with mental illness. However, the types and components of interventions should be adjusted based on available resources and contextual factors. Further research with larger sample sizes and higher methodological quality is warranted to strengthen the evidence base in this area.
Effects of the Family Empowerment Program on Medication Adherence and Treatment Success Among Adults with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Khakhong Saowaluck , Lirtmunlikaporn Sumalee , Unahalekhaka Akeau , Wichaikhum Orn-anong
Published: September 2023

Unsuccessful treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis results from medication non-adherence. Family is a significant source of support for adults with pulmonary tuberculosis but has limited ability to continuously support in the first six months of treatments. This randomized controlled trial, a two-arm post-test-only design was utilized to investigate the effects of the family empowerment program on medication adherence and treatment success among adults with pulmonary tuberculosis. The sample comprised 64 family members caring for newly diagnosed adults with pulmonary tuberculosis who visited a tuberculosis clinic of a university hospital in central Thailand. The participants were assigned randomly to either the experimental arm (n = 32) to receive the program or the control arm (n = 32) to receive only usual care. Data were collected using the Demographic and Pulmonary Tuberculosis-related Characteristic Data Collection Form, Family Member’s Demographic Characteristic Data Collection Form, Tuberculosis Medication Adherence Scale, and criteria to identify tuberculosis treatment success of the World Health Organization. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi-square, Fisher’s Exact, and McNemar tests.         The results showed that the experimental arm had significantly higher medication adherence at the 3rd and 19th weeks after the program ended than the control arm. The experimental arm had a significantly higher treatment success rate at the 19th week thanthe control arm. The family empowerment program was effective in improving medication adherence and treatment success. Nurses need to be trained to empower family members in providing continuous support for adults with pulmonary tuberculosis. To fully assess the program’s effectiveness, additional research is required to investigate its performance in different contexts and with various samples.
Knowledge Level and Attitude of Artisanal Fishermen towards Covid-19 prevention in fishing Communities in Eket Agricultural zone, Nigeria
Authors:   Akwa Ibom State University, Uyo, Nigeria, Nkeme Kesit , Ebuk J ,   Akwa Ibom State University, Uyo, Nigeria
Published: September 2023

The study assessed artisanal fishermen level of knowledge and attitude towards Covid-19 prevention in Eket Agricultural Zone of Akwa Ibom State. Data were obtained from 120 fishermen using multi-stage sampling procedure and analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Results showed that majority (95.8%) of artisanal fishermen were aware that COVID-19 can be prevented. On the mode of prevention 91.7% of the respondents had high knowledge on avoiding contact by wearing facemask. Results revealed that artisanal fishermen had positive attitude (83.8%) in terms of isolating themselves from infected persons, while poor attitude of fishermen were revealed towards taking Covid-19 vaccine (75%). Findings further showed that gender (p > 0.01), education (p > 0.01), extension contact (p > 0.01) and cooperative membership (p > 0.05) were positive and significantly influence fishermen level of knowledge. The major determinants of fishermen attitude were age (p > 0.1), education (p > 0.01), and accessed to extension contact (p > 0.01). The study recommended that educational interventions should be reinforced to enhance fishermen’s willingness to take preventive actions in the future. Sanitary and health inspectors should engage the community in general sanitation campaigns. Government at all levels through the Ministry of Health should embark on continued awareness campaigns among the fishing communities to improve their knowledge of preventive measures towards Covid-19.
Effects of Oil spillage on the Socio-economic welbeing of Artisanal Fishermen in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors:   Akwa Ibom State University, Uyo, Nigeria, Nkodo Nsikan , Nkeme Kesit ,   Akwa Ibom State University, Uyo, Nigeria, Umoh Idaresit ,   Akwa Ibom State University, Uyo, Nigeria
Published: September 2023

This study assessed the effect of oil spillage on the socio-economic wellbeing of artisanal fishermen in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Primary data were obtained from 200 artisanal fishermen using multi-stage sampling procedure and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Likert scale ratings. Results showed that the mean age of fish farmers in the area was 40 years and majority (57.0%) were married. Fishermen were quite educated (93.5%) with a mean of 12 years of educational attainment, The mean household size, farming experience and income were 6 persons, 9 years and N600,000, respectively. The major causes of oil spillage were; drilling of oil well, illegal facilities, spill from storage facilities, corrosion of oil pipelines, faulty production equipment, natural disaster, leakages from oil tank, oil theft, shipping accidents, cleaning of oil tankers on the high sea and spills from vandalized oil pipelines. Findings showed that oil spillage reduced the income of fishing household, led to food insecurity, deteriorated the health status of fishermen, polluted the environment, led to migration of fishermen out of the affected areas and resulted in abandonment of artisanal fishing operation for other livelihood operation. Findings further showed artisanal fishermen’s coping strategies to include; migration to other communities, livelihood diversification, extension of fishing time, involvement in community and individual level savings, attending enlightenment programs on coping with effects of crude oil spillage and frequently changing the timing and location of fishing trips. This study therefore recommended that the federal government should implement an aggressive national oil spill contingency plan which includes the cleanup of polluted areas and payment of reparations to affected artisanal fishermen in Akwa Ibom State.
UTILIZACIÓN DE YOGUR BOVINO COMO ADITIVO EN EL ENSILAJE DE MAÍZ (ZEA MAYS) EN ASOCIACIÓN CON FRIJOL (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS).
Authors: Villegas Oria Miguel Ignacio
Published: September 2023

La utilización del yogur bovino como aditivo en el ensilaje de maíz (Zea mays) en asociación con frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris), fueron analizados a los días 21, 42 y 63 posterior al ensilado. Cada silo peso 2 kg; existieron 3 tratamientos: (TI) 100 % maíz, (TII) maíz 75 % y frijol 25 %; (TIII) maíz 50 % y frijol 50 %. El ANOVA fue con medidas repetidas en el tiempo. El olor, color, textura, humedad, temperatura: El TI tuvo diferencia significativa (DF) con respecto al TII y TIII por todo el experimento, la categoría que predomino fue de excelente calidad. El Ph, %H, %MS, no tuvieron DF entre tratamientos T1 y T2,  mientras que T3 se comportó superior. A diferencia el %Ce, %M.O y %PC existió DF entre todos los tratamientos, evidenciando aumento significativo en el contenido nutritivos (p<0,05). El rendimiento de maíz 6 kg/mtrs2 y hectárea de 60.000 kg y el frijol 0,9 kg/mts y hectárea de 9.000 kg. El costo unitario del TI: 0,002 $/kg, TII: 0,006 $/kg; Mientras que T III: 0,02 $/kg.
PREVALENCIA DE SÍNTOMAS RESPIRATORIOS Y FACTORES DE RIESGO EN UNA EXTRUSORA DE ALUMINIO EN ECUADOR
Authors: Molina Delgado José Renán , Salcedo Noroña Darwin Raúl , Navarrete Arboleda Edmundo Daniel
Published: September 2023

Este estudio investigó la prevalencia de síntomas respiratorios en trabajadores de la industria del aluminio en Ecuador. Se analizó a 200 trabajadores de una planta de extrusión de aluminio, recopilando información sobre síntomas como sibilancias, asma y bronquitis crónica. Los resultados mostraron una prevalencia del 9,1% de sibilancias y del 6,0% de asma, siendo más frecuentes en los trabajadores de extrusión. Además, alrededor del 21,2% de los trabajadores informaron síntomas respiratorios relacionados con el trabajo y cerca del 10% tuvo que cambiar de puesto debido a estos síntomas.

Los trabajadores de extrusión tienen mayor riesgo de desarrollar asma y cambiar de puesto de trabajo. El tabaquismo se relaciona con el asma, la bronquitis crónica y los síntomas respiratorios relacionados con el trabajo. Este estudio destaca la importancia de abordar los riesgos ocupacionales para la salud respiratoria en la industria del aluminio, enfatizando la necesidad de medidas preventivas y de protección.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA FISIOTERAPIA PREVENTIVA PARA A SAÚDE DO IDOSO
Authors: Lopes Custodio Diogo Christian , Moreira dos Santos Cleunice Aparecida , Cordeiro de Sá Matteus , Velano de Souza André Luiz
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo acadêmico possui como escopo abordar acerca da importância da fisioterapia preventiva para a saúde do idoso, uma vez que conforme dados sobre a transição demográfica no Brasil, a população se encontra cada vez mais velha. Com isso, é preciso que o Estado, a sociedade e os profissionais de saúde saibam lidar com o processo de envelhecimento e suas consequências. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica em livros, sites e artigos acadêmicos que versam sobre o tema. Ao final, observou-se que a fisioterapia preventiva é de extrema importância no cuidado com o idoso, pois é voltada para a saúde do idoso como um todo, trabalhando todo o seu corpo de maneira geral, isto é, a parte cardíaca, muscular, respiratória, motora e equilíbrio.
ANÁLISE DO DIREITO À SAÚDE DO IDOSO
Authors: Primo Moreira Eva Pereira , João Lucio Lisboa Sena  , Nelson Gonçalves De Oliveira  , Felipe Ribeiro Lemos
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo um estudo sobre a garantia do direito à saúde do idoso. Buscando desvendar se ocorre a aplicação plena do que está posto no Estatuto do Idoso e na Constituição Federal no que diz respeito à saúde dos sexagenários, tendo em vista que o direito à saúde do idoso deve ser pleno, para que se garanta o maior direito de toda a sociedade, que é o direito a uma vida plena.
VANTAGENS E DESVANTAGENS DA UTILIZAÇÃO DA FIBRA DE VIDRO NO CONCRETO ARMADO: UMA REVISAO BIBLIOGRAFICA
Authors: Vieira De Souza Bruna , Mendes da Silva Jonathan , Bentes Moreira Karla Cristina , Carvalho Lopes Shara
Published: September 2023

A construção civil busca constantemente materiais inovadores para aprimorar a resistência e durabilidade das estruturas. O concreto armado, amplamente utilizado, tem sido alvo de estudos quanto à deterioração e surgimento de manifestações patológicas. Nesse contexto, a fibra de vidro surge como uma alternativa para substituir o aço, oferecendo propriedades mecânicas favoráveis, como alta resistência à tração e corrosão, leveza e neutralidade eletromagnética.

No entanto, o uso da fibra de vidro em estruturas de grande porte e sob altas solicitações ainda requer mais estudos e testes experimentais para garantir sua segurança e eficiência. Em comparação ao aço, as armaduras de fibra de vidro apresentam vantagens, como alta resistência à corrosão, fadiga e fogo. No entanto, possuem desvantagens como estabilidade dimensional e demanda por mão de obra especializada.

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão bibliográfica para comparar as características e propriedades da fibra de vidro e do aço no concreto armado, destacando suas vantagens e desvantagens. A metodologia utilizada incluiu a busca por informações atualizadas em livros, artigos científicos e teses, com análise qualitativa dos dados coletados. Os resultados apontaram que a utilização da fibra de vidro na construção civil, pode sim ser vantajosa em relação a algumas construções, como construções em ambientes agressivos e corrosivos, mas como qualquer material tem suas desvantagens, o polímero reforçado com fibra de vidro (PRFV) não seria diferente, podendo ter sua utilização limitada a certas situações e exposições.
MODIFICAÇÕES CORPORAIS EM CRIANÇAS INTERSEXO E A VIOLAÇÃO DO DIREITO À PERSONALIDADE E AUTONOMIA DA VONTADE
Authors: Tersi Luiza , Cação Vinhas Tiago
Published: September 2023

A Resolução n. 1.664/2003, do Conselho Federal de Medicina, denomina a intersexualidade como uma Anomalia de Diferenciação Sexual (ADS) e considera o nascimento de crianças com sexo indeterminado uma urgência biológica e social, que tem por consequência a necessidade da definição do sexo predominante da criança e, após, a realização de cirurgia “corretiva” para adequação do órgão sexual ao definido como predominante. Este trabalho propõe-se a debater como respeitar ao máximo os direitos fundamentais das crianças intersexuais no que tange à realização de cirurgias para modificação corporal na infância. Para isso, são apresentados argumentos sobre a violação dos direitos fundamentais das crianças intersexo, e exposta a necessidade de uma maior proteção da autonomia da vontade das crianças em relação ao próprio corpo.
AUTONOMIA E ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO PARA O TRATAMENTO DE FERIDAS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Souza Vieira Franciny , Nunes Ramalho Joana , Ferreira Ramos Vanessa
Published: September 2023

Este estudo demonstra, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, a autonomia e a atuação do enfermeiro para o tratamento de feridas. Esse profissional, por meio de resoluções, tem seu papel assistencial e gerencial assegurado, com vistas a garantir o processo cicatricial e o bem-estar de pacientes. Com isso, são previstas ações como avaliação, prescrição, tratamento e acompanhamento até a completa reepitelização de lesões, além de outros casos que demonstram a autonomia desses profissionais. Nesse estudo, objetivou-se descrever o Anexo da Resolução n° 0567/2018, que regulamenta a atuação do profissional de enfermagem, sendo este auxiliar, técnico ou enfermeiro, com o fito de definir a autonomia de cada grupo para o tratamento de feridas, entre outras peculiaridades. Além disso, buscou-se descrever de que forma o enfermeiro tem sua autonomia salvaguardada, por meio da demonstração das funções assistenciais possíveis no cuidado com feridas, bem como ratificar a necessidade de estudo teórico e prático, além de capacitações contínuas para a segurança de pacientes e para um cuidado livre de imperícias e/ou imprudências. Para essa análise, definiram-se, detalhadamente, os aspectos legais da profissão quanto ao cuidado, assim como o serviço assistencial do enfermeiro nesses casos. Quanto à formatação deste artigo, trata-se de uma análise qualitativa, composta de resoluções do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN), normas técnicas de órgãos de saúde (Secretarias, prefeituras), além de trabalhos de pesquisa (teses, dissertações, artigos científicos, entre outros), a fim de garantir uma análise sistemática sobre o tema. Nesta revisão, percebeu-se uma variedade de funções privativas do enfermeiro, associadas ao cuidado de feridas.
La producción de conocimiento en interacción social y los desafíos para la evaluación
Authors: Gras Natalia , Ardanche Figueredo Melissa , Cohanoff Claudia , Simón Delfino Lucía
Published: September 2023

La producción de conocimiento en interacción social supone procesos de investigación caracterizados por la vinculación entre actores académicos y no académicos y por la apertura de las agendas académicas de investigación a los problemas, demandas y necesidades de conocimiento de la sociedad; implican la conformación de agendas negociadas y contextualizadas, la participación de actores diversos y el alcance de resultados que puedan ser utilizados por esos actores para satisfacer sus demandas y necesidades y/o para colaborar en la resolución de problemas. Esto impone un conjunto de desafíos para las políticas de estímulo a la investigación y, en particular, para las formas en que se evalúa, valora y reconoce dicha investigación. Así y con base en la experiencia de la Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica de la Universidad de la República, este artículo se centra en la descripción y el análisis de las formas de evaluación de la investigación que promueve la producción de conocimiento en interacción social y su uso socialmente valioso. Además, reflexiona sobre los desafíos para la política universitaria de estímulo a la investigación en diálogo con actores no académicos de la sociedad y de la producción de bienes y servicios, interesados en los resultados de investigación y en las soluciones exploradas. Este trabajo aporta conocimiento sobre formas alternativas de evaluación de la investigación con relevancia social y/o productiva, en particular sobre sus formas de organización y prácticas asociadas.
Jornadas Nacionales Repensar La Universidad Contemporánea: debates, sentidos y desafíos
Authors: Rodera Julieta
Published: September 2023

Entre los días 19 y 21 de octubre de 2022 se llevaron a cabo las primeras ‘Jornadas Nacionales Repensar la universidad contemporánea: debates, sentidos y desafíos’ en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina. El evento fue organizado por el Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) y financiado por la Secretaría General de Ciencia y Tecnología de la misma universidad.
Analisis Kealpaan yang Mengakibatkan Matinya Orang Ditinjau dari Pasal 359 KUHP: Studi Kasus Putusan Perkara No. 952k/Pid/2010
Authors: Anton Rikmadani Yudi
Published: September 2023

The Criminal Code (KUHP) in force in Indonesia, regarding crimes that result in the death of a person is regulated in "Title XII Book II of the Criminal Code which contains two types of criminal acts, namely Article 359 of the Criminal Code in the form of "Because the mistake (culpa) caused the death of a person ”, with the threat of imprisonment for a maximum of five years or imprisonment for a maximum of one year, while Article 360 ​​of the Criminal Code states “Because of his mistake (culpa) causing a person serious injuries or such injuries, so that person becomes temporarily ill or unable to carry out his office. or temporary work. The Criminal Code contains coercive rules for every citizen if he violates these rules or commits a crime, anyone who violates them will face punishment. Moreover, for the perpetrators of crimes that kill other people's lives, and for the perpetrators will be given legal sanctions in accordance with their actions, thus in society will achieve a "Legal Protection", because legal protection can give a sense of security and peace with the existence of "Legal Certainty". Thus "Legal Protection" and "Legal Certainty" are two inseparable sides. Legal protection cannot be felt without legal certainty, on the contrary, with upholding legal certainty, legal protection will be enjoyed by the community.
Releasing early childhood fears through haptotherapeutic guidance in water – Haptotherapy in water II
Authors: Scharstuhl Truus , van Banning Tonny
Published: September 2023

Both children and adults can be afraid of water. Sometimes the reason for this is that they had a traumatic experience with water. More often, however, there is no explanation, as such. The following article discusses the underlying problems that may be a factor in fear of being in water or, in more extreme cases, being under water. In addition, the article explores how haptotherapy in water can offer healing, address the vitality of a person or lack thereof, thereby reawakening a person to their own individual character.
Haptotherapy in New York
Authors: van Rijsselberg Ineke
Published: September 2023

As it is the aim of the International Journal of Haptonomy and Haptotherapy (IJHH) to provide a discussion forum on developments in practices concerning the field of haptonomy and haptotherapy, we were very happy to receive an invitation in April 2018 from the Westchester Group Psychotherapy Society, New York USA. They asked to send in a proposal for a haptotherapy workshop, a biography and a literature list. Our highly intellectualized world makes high demands on our cognitive selves at the expense of our sense of touch. We often do not realize the benefits of integrating touch in therapy. A workshop was proposed which would explore the world of tactile sensations within ourselves and within a group. The applied teaching methods included lecture, experiential exercises and discussion. The learning objective was to introduce the group to several important phenomena associated with touch. The participants would learn to feel and discover the place in their body where they are centered, carry themselves and find their basic trust. They would also learn how to integrate tactile experiences into group therapy. The proposal was accepted and a request was made to build a workshop around the theme “Can haptotherapy be integrated into group psychotherapy?”.
Postnatal parent-child guidance in water – Haptotherapy in water I
Authors: Scharstuhl Truus
Published: September 2023

How post-natal haptotherapeutic counselling in water can help to heal after a traumatic birth, a difficult infancy, or with a disturbed parent-child relationship. One might assume that bathing and being in warm water together with the parent is enjoyable for baby’s and young children. This is usually the case, as water is a familiar environment for children. Therefore, water plays an important role in the interaction and development of the child: that’s where they come from. However, in case of a traumatic experience the child may see water as a threat, which raises questions that will be addressed in this article. On the other hand, being safe in water together with their parents can help to heal this fear and it can affect in a positive way the traumatic experience or the unstable situation. How to realise this, will also be explained in this article.
La Regulación del Comercio Electrónico y el Derecho al Consumidor
Authors: Mitchell Sophia , Roberts Mason
Published: September 2023

En este artículo de revisión se ha analizado la regulación del comercio electrónico y el derecho del consumidor en América Latina. Se han revisado artículos publicados en los últimos 5 años en las bases de datos Scopus, Scielo y Latindex, y se ha elaborado una tabla que resume la información principal de cada artículo seleccionado. Se encontró que la regulación y la protección de los datos personales y los derechos del consumidor en el comercio electrónico en América Latina presentan deficiencias. Los autores analizados proponen diversas recomendaciones para mejorar la regulación y la protección de los consumidores en el comercio electrónico, incluyendo el fortalecimiento de la regulación y supervisión, y la protección del derecho al olvido y los datos personales en las aplicaciones móviles y las redes sociales. Se concluye que es importante que los gobiernos y las empresas trabajen juntos para mejorar la regulación y la protección de los consumidores en el comercio electrónico en América Latina. Es fundamental que se fortalezcan las leyes y la supervisión en materia de comercio electrónico, y se implementen medidas de protección de datos personales y derechos del consumidor en las aplicaciones móviles y las redes sociales. Asimismo, se debe seguir actualizando y mejorando la regulación y las políticas en el comercio electrónico para hacer frente a los desafíos en constante evolución en el futuro. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta las posibles limitaciones de esta revisión de la literatura, debido a la gran cantidad de publicaciones disponibles y a la posible omisión de algunos estudios relevantes. Por lo tanto, se necesitan más investigaciones para desarrollar políticas y prácticas empresariales que garanticen la protección y el respeto de los derechos de los consumidores en el comercio electrónico en América Latina.
La responsabilidad de los estados en casos de violencia de género.
Authors: Wilson Emma , Thompson Oliver
Published: September 2023

La violencia de género es un problema social complejo y multidimensional que afecta a millones de mujeres en todo el mundo, incluyendo América Latina. La responsabilidad de los Estados en casos de violencia de género es un tema de gran relevancia y actualidad, que ha sido abordado por numerosos autores en los últimos años. En este trabajo de revisión se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en bases de datos como Scopus, Scielo y Latindex, con el objetivo de identificar los principales hallazgos y conclusiones de los estudios realizados en América Latina sobre la responsabilidad de los Estados en casos de violencia de género. Se seleccionaron un total de 20 artículos de revisión y 10 artículos originales que abordaron diferentes aspectos de la violencia de género en la región. Entre los principales hallazgos se encontraron los factores de riesgo asociados a la violencia doméstica en mujeres brasileñas, las barreras en el acceso a la justicia para las mujeres víctimas de violencia de género en Colombia, la necesidad de abordar la dimensión de género de las violaciones a los derechos humanos cometidas durante la dictadura en Chile, los desafíos en la implementación de políticas públicas para la atención a la violencia de género en México, y la importancia de ampliar la perspectiva de la producción académica sobre violencia de género en el Cono Sur.  Estos hallazgos pueden ser de gran utilidad para diseñar y evaluar políticas públicas y acciones que contribuyan a prevenir y erradicar la violencia de género en América Latina, promoviendo el respeto y la equidad de género como valores fundamentales para la construcción de una sociedad más justa y democrática.
Los desafíos Éticos y Legales de la Inteligencia Artificial y la Robótica.
Authors: Herrera Duarte Leidy Esmeralda
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo de revisión analiza los desafíos éticos y legales de la inteligencia artificial (IA) y la robótica en los últimos 5 años. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en bases de datos como Scopus, Scielo y Latindex, seleccionando artículos de revisión y artículos originales que proporcionaron información valiosa y novedosa sobre los desafíos éticos y legales de la IA y la robótica en diferentes contextos, tanto a nivel global como regional. Se identificaron autores relevantes que enfatizaron la importancia de un enfoque ético y responsable en el diseño y uso de la IA y la robótica, así como la necesidad de políticas y enfoques centrados en las personas para abordar los desafíos éticos y legales de la automatización, el desplazamiento laboral y el uso de la IA y la robótica en diferentes ámbitos. Además, se resaltan las oportunidades y desafíos de la IA y la robótica en la educación y la atención a personas con discapacidad. En conclusión, este trabajo de revisión proporciona una visión general de los desafíos éticos y legales de la IA y la robótica, tanto a nivel global como regional, y destaca la necesidad de un enfoque ético y responsable en el diseño y uso de estas tecnologías emergentes. Los resultados obtenidos en esta revisión de la literatura pueden ser utilizados por investigadores, legisladores y profesionales interesados en abordar los desafíos éticos y legales de la IA y la robótica. En última instancia, se espera que este trabajo de investigación contribuya a un uso más responsable y beneficioso de estas tecnologías emergentes en beneficio de la sociedad y el desarrollo sostenible.
Managing Constipation in Children: A Comprehensive Approach for Community Nurses
Authors:   Consultant Paediatrician, Barnsley Foundation Hospital, NHS Trust, Barnsley, United Kingdom, Gupta Rajeev
Published: September 2023

Constipation is a prevalent issue among children, with an estimated 3% of paediatric outpatient visits concerning this problem [1]. This paper presents a comprehensive examination of the strategies for diagnosing, investigating, and managing childhood constipation, with a focus on the role of community nurses. We explore clinical history pointers, examination findings, investigations, and treatments, emphasizing practical interventions that community nurses can implement to support affected children. Constipation is a common yet frequently overlooked paediatric condition, posing significant challenges to healthcare professionals due to its multifactorial aetiology and potential long-term consequences. This article provides a comprehensive review of the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for managing constipation in children, emphasising the vital role of community nurses. A meticulous clinical history and detailed physical examination form the cornerstone of diagnosis. Investigations are typically reserved for cases with atypical presentations, red flag symptoms, or when initial treatment strategies have failed. Treatment approaches are largely dependent on the severity of constipation, ranging from lifestyle and dietary modifications in mild cases to pharmacological interventions, including polyethylene glycol, lactulose, or Senna, for moderate to severe cases. Home management strategies also play a significant role in symptom control and recurrence prevention. The article underscores the role of community nurses in early detection, education, initiating management, and referral to specialist services. Considering the substantial psychological implications of constipation in children, a holistic approach addressing both physical and emotional aspects is advocated for successful management.
The Nature of Death in Mocombe’s Consciousness Field Theory
Authors:   West Virginia State University, The Mocombeian Foundation, Inc, USA, Mocombe Paul C
Published: September 2023

This article explores the nature of death within Mocombe’s consciousness field theory, which highlights the origins and nature of consciousness in the multiverse. Within the theory, Mocombe posits death to be of three instances, 1) quantum resonance collapse; 2) reincarnation; and 3) absorption into the absolute vacuum of the multiverse.
A Comparison of the duration of knee survival in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis who have treated viscosupplementation or arthroscopic debridement.
Authors: KARAGÜVEN Doğaç , BENLİ İsmet Teoman
Published: September 2023

Giriş: Eklem içi viskosuplementasyon ve artroskopik debridmanın diz artroplastisi uygulamasının zamanlamasını geciktirip geciktirmeyeceğini belirlemek.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Kliniğimize dizde ağrı ve hareket kısıtlılığı ile başvuran, Kellgren – Lawrence sınıflamasına göre grade 2-3 primer osteoartrit tanısına sahip hastalardan , ilk ve rutin kontrol muayenelerinde VAS ve OX-12 kayıtları olup, en az 5 yıl (6,7 ±1,4 yıl) takip edilen 142 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi.

142 hastanın 87'si (%61,3) kadın, 55'i (%38,3) erkekti. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 53,2 ± 14,3 idi. Gruplar, ortalama ilk başvuru sırasındaki yaşı, cinsiyet, morbid obezite ve diyabet varlığı, ortalama Visual Pain Score (VPS), Oxford-12 Questionary (OX-12) skorları ve sigara kullanımı açısından karşılaştırıldı. İlk başvuru tarihi ile artroplasti uygulanma tarihi arasında geçen süre de gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular ve tartışma: 142 hastanın 87'sine (%61,3) 6,7±1,4 artroplasti uygulandı. Sadece NSAİİ alan hastalardan oluşan kontrol grubu, viskosuplementasyon uygulanan hastalar ve artroskopik debridman yapılan hastalarda, total diz artroplastisi oranı sırasıyla %61,5, %60,4 ve %61,9 idi.

Sonuç: Altıncı ay ile ikinci yıl arasında ağrı gibi klinik semptomlarda düzelme olmasına rağmen, viskosuplementasyon ve artroskopik debridmanın dejeneratif süreci ve radyolojik kötüleşmeyi düzeltmediğini ve total diz artroplastisine kadar geçen süreyi etkilemediğini belirledik.
Clinical Features of Drug Allergy and Factors Affecting Drug-Related Anaphylaxis: Single-center Experience of the Tertiary University Hospital
Authors: TUNAKAN DALGIÇ Ceyda
Published: September 2023

Background-Aims: Drug hypersensitivity is defined as any unfavorable reaction that occurs after the administration of any drug. We aim to determine the frequency, etiology, and clinical features of drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs), and to evaluate the factors affecting drug-related anaphylaxis among the patients admitted to the outpatient allergy clinic of the tertiary university hospital.

Materials-methods: In this cross-sectional study, medical records of the 8295 patients who visited the allergy outpatient clinic of Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital from 2nd July 2018 to 10th December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed by the hospital data system using the ICD-code Y57.4. The frequency, etiologies, demographic and clinical features of the DHRs were evaluated.

Results: Among the 8295 patients who visited the allergy outpatient clinic of Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital, 159 patients with a mean age of 40,52± 14,85 years (129 female, 30 male) were evaluated with the diagnosis of DHRs. The frequency of DHRs among admissions was found to be approximately 2%. Accompanying allergic diseases included respiratory (17%), cutaneous (10%), venom (n=3), drug (7%), and food hypersensitivity (n=2). Multiple allergic diseases were detected in 20%. Eighty-six % (n=138) could recognize the culprit drug. The causes of drug allergy were non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (27%), beta-lactams (16%), co-sensitization to beta-lactams and NSAIDs (8%), antimicrobials except beta-lactams (8%), and other kinds of drugs (39%). Type 1 reaction occurred in 80%, type 4 in 21%, non-immune mediated in 7, and mixed type composed of type 1 and 4 in 9 patients. Anaphylaxis occurred in 46,5%. Fifteen% had grade 2, 22% had grade 3, and 4 had grade 4 anaphylactic reactions. According to systematical assessment, cutaneous symptoms were observed in 93%, respiratory in 38%, cardiovascular in 29,5%, neurologic in 25%, and gastrointestinal in 11%. Allergy to NSAIDs (88,6 %) and beta-lactams (82,5%) were more frequent in type 1 reactions than in type 4 and mixed type reactions (p
INVESTIGATION OF NULLIPAROUS WOMEN'S ATTITUDES TOWARD FERTILITY AND CHILDBEARING
Authors: ACER Mustafa Hakan , ÖZBEK Hilal , ÇAKIR Demet
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the attitudes of nulliparous women toward fertility and childbirth.

Material and Method: The research was carried out as a cross-sectional descriptive method with improbable sampling technique. Recruitment for participation in the study took place with power analysis and consisted of 213 nulliparous women who had never been pregnant before. Data were collected with the Personal Information Form and the Attitudes Toward Fertility and Childbearing Scale.

Findings: 54% of the women are between the ages of 19-26 and the mean age is 26.51±5.19. It was determined that 76.5% of the women were married for 1-3 years and 65.7% of them used contraception. The total score of the Attitudes Towards Fertility and Childbearing Scale is 69.54±8.28, and the mean subscale score current obstacle 21.57±7.08; importance in the future 28.42±4.63; female identity is 19.55±3.82. It has been determined that women have a positive attitude to fertility and childbearing. In comparison with the total score of the scale and the variables, it was determined that there was a significant difference between variables of age, occupation status, spouse's age, spouse's occupation status, spouse's smoking status, consanguineous marriage, family type, financial status, spouse's age at marriage and mean value of total scale score.

Result: The fact that nulliparous women's attitudes to fertility and childbearing are affected by many factors such as age, occupation status, spouse's age shows that there are many variables that should be considered during the evaluation of nulliparous women by midwives. It is very important for pregnancy planning that women in the preconceptional period have positive attitudes to fertility and childbearing.
Is the serum uric acid (SUA) level and SUA/serum creatinine (Scr) ratio a predictive biomarker for microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes mellitus?
Authors: TAŞTEMUR Mercan , ÖZDEMİR Çağla
Published: September 2023

Background: The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is very complex and is still not well understood. SUA has been associated with metabolic risk in a wide range of diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of SUA and SUA/Scr ratio on renal function using glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and microalbuminuria.

Methods: A total of 399 patients with diabetes alone, excluding other conditions that affect uric acid levels, were included in the study. Patients were divided into normoalbuminuria (n:247) and microalbuminuria (n:152) groups. SUA, SUA/Scr ratios were compared.

Results: Female gender was 53.4% in the normoalbuminuria group and 57.9% in the microalbuminuria group. There was no significant difference in gender between the groups. In the microalbuminuria group, SUA (p=0.032), glucose (p
The Bartleby Machine: exploring creative disobedience in computers
Authors: Caldas Vianna Bruno
Published: September 2023

The idea of disobedient machines is developed from the perspective of the historical and current developments in artificial intelligence (AI). Disobedience is often used in arts and technology as both a theme and a tool. Beyond that, misbehaviour is presented as one of the skills that is indispensable for natural intelligence. The article doesn’t delve into the use of AIs as an assistive tool for creation. Instead, it speculates if AIs will afford the emergence of an independent, autonomous artificial creator. Different approaches to AIs are presented, from symbolism to emergism. The affordances of machine learning models are described, as well as their limitations like the incapacity to generate breakthroughs outside of their training data, their determinism, and the inability to use analogies to solve unseen problems. Other missing human (or biological) skills present in art are emotion, goal-less production, and agency, which is a problem even when human volition is studied. The limits of computational formalism are like the limits in mathematical reasoning – it always requires some external rules, or axioms demonstrated, like Gödel’s proof. Hofsdtader’s theory of consciousness proposes a way to conciliate the fact that human creativity is also based on closed, fixed biological rules. Finally, it is argued that a machine cannot be creative unless it is also able to misbehave. However, computers must follow a set of instructions or they stop functioning – that is the definition of a Turing machine. Hence, we must face the paradox of wanting well-behaved systems, with the limitations of symbolic machines, while at the same time demanding more autonomous, creative outputs. It is paramount to explore algorithmic misbehaviours that could circumvent this paradox for further development of AIs for the arts and society in general.
Genetic and karyotype divergence between parents affect clonality and sterility in hybrids
Authors: Marta Anatolie , Tichopád Tomáš , Bartoš Oldřich , Klíma Jiří , Shah Mujahid Ali , Bohlen Vendula Šlechtová , Bohlen Joerg , Halačka Karel , Choleva Lukáš , Stöck Matthias , Dedukh Dmitrij , Janko Karel
Published: September 2023

Asexual reproduction can be triggered by interspecific hybridization, but its emergence is supposedly rare, relying on exceptional combinations of suitable genomes. To examine how genomic and karyotype divergence between parental lineages affect the incidence of asexual gametogenesis, we experimentally hybridized fishes (Cobitidae) across a broad phylogenetic spectrum, assessed by whole exome data. Gametogenic pathways generally followed a continuum from sexual reproduction in hybrids between closely related evolutionary lineages to sterile or inviable crosses between distant lineages. However, most crosses resulted in a combination of sterile males and asexually-reproducing females. Their gametes usually experienced problems in chromosome pairing, but females also produced a certain proportion of oocytes with premeiotically duplicated genomes, enabling their development into clonal eggs. Interspecific hybridization may thus commonly affect cell cycles in a specific way, allowing the formation of unreduced oocytes. The emergence of asexual gametogenesis appears tightly linked to hybrid sterility and constitutes an inherent part of the extended speciation continuum.
ICAM-1 nanoclusters regulate hepatic epithelial cell polarity by leukocyte adhesion-independent control of apical actomyosin
Authors: Cacho-Navas Cristina , López-Pujante Carmen , Reglero-Real Natalia , Colás-Algora Natalia , Cuervo Ana , Conesa José Javier , Barroso Susana , de Rivas Gema , Ciordia Sergio , Paradela Alberto , D’Agostino Gianluca , Manzo Carlo , Feito Jorge , Andrés Germán , Correas Isabel , Carazo Jose María , Nourshargh Sussan , Huch Meritxell , Millán Jaime
Published: September 2023

Epithelial Intercellular Adhesion Molecule (ICAM)-1 is apically polarized, interacts with and guides leukocytes across epithelial barriers. Polarized hepatic epithelia organize their apical membrane domain into bile canaliculi and ducts, which are not accessible to circulating immune cells but that nevertheless confine most of ICAM-1. Here, by analyzing ICAM-1_KO human hepatic cells, liver organoids from ICAM-1_KO mice and rescue-of-function experiments, we show that ICAM-1 regulates epithelial apicobasal polarity in a leukocyte adhesion-independent manner. ICAM-1 signals to an actomyosin network at the base of canalicular microvilli, thereby controlling the dynamics and size of bile canalicular-like structures (BCs). We identified the scaffolding protein EBP50/NHERF1/SLC9A3R1, which connects membrane proteins with the underlying actin cytoskeleton, in the proximity interactome of ICAM-1. EBP50 and ICAM-1 form nano-scale domains that overlap in microvilli, from which ICAM-1 regulates EBP50 nano-organization. Indeed, EBP50 expression is required for ICAM-1-mediated control of BC morphogenesis and actomyosin. Our findings indicate that ICAM-1 regulates the dynamics of epithelial apical membrane domains beyond its role as a heterotypic cell-cell adhesion molecule and reveal potential therapeutic strategies for preserving epithelial architecture during inflammatory stress.
Fine-tuning spatial-temporal dynamics and surface receptor expression support plasma cell-intrinsic longevity
Authors: Jing Zhixin , Galbo Phillip , Ovando Luis , Demouth Megan , Welte Skylar , Park Rosa , Chandran Kartik , Wu Yinghao , MacCarthy Thomas , Zheng Deyou , Fooksman David
Published: September 2023

Durable serological memory following vaccination is critically dependent on the production and survival of long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs). Yet, the factors that control LLPC specification and survival remain poorly resolved. Using intravital two-photon imaging, we find that in contrast to most plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM), LLPCs are uniquely sessile and organized into clusters that are dependent on APRIL, an important survival factor. Using deep, bulk RNA sequencing, and surface protein flow-based phenotyping, we find that LLPCs express a unique transcriptome and phenotype compared to bulk PCs, fine-tuning expression of key cell surface molecules, CD93, CD81, CXCR4, CD326, CD44, and CD48, important for adhesion and homing. Conditional deletion of Cxcr4 in PCs following immunization leads to rapid mobilization from the BM, reduced survival of antigen-specific PCs, and ultimately accelerated decay of antibody titer. In naïve mice, the endogenous LLPCs BCR repertoire exhibits reduced diversity, reduced somatic mutations, and increased public clones and IgM isotypes, particularly in young mice, suggesting LLPC specification is non-random. As mice age, the BM PC compartment becomes enriched in LLPCs, which may outcompete and limit entry of new PCs into the LLPC niche and pool.