bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELATIONSHIP OF ADOLESCENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE BEHAVIOR OF PERSONAL HYGIENE DURING MENSTRUATION : A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Rozy Rozy Dian Putri , Hardianto Gatut , Erye Frety Endyka
Published: February 2023

Background: Reproductive health is a vital issue in health development that impacts people's mortality, morbidity and life expectancy. The importance of maintaining reproductive health because it can cause diseases, namely reproductive tract infections, especially in young women. WHO data 2007 the highest incidence of reproductive tract infections occurs in adolescents, namely 35%-42%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge of young women to the behavior of maintaining personal hygiene of the genital organs during menstruation. Method : the method used is literature review. For data using 5 primary research journals on google scholar with the keywords menstrual hygiene, knowledge, personal hygiene obtained free of charge. Results: The level of knowledge and age influence a person's behavior in maintaining personal hygiene during menstruation. Conclusion: Based on all the literature that has been reviewed, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and personal hygiene behavior during menstruation. 
Keywords : Menstrual Hygiene, Knowledge personal Hygiene,
La alegoría arquitectónica en la novela sentimental y caballeresca{Cárcel de Amor - Cirongilio de Traciá)
Authors: González Javier R.
Published: February 2023

Este artículo se propone llevar a cabo un estudio intertextual de dos importantes alegorías arquitectónicas de la literatura española tardomedieval y renacentista: la "Cárcel de Amor" en la novela sentimental de Diego de San Pedro Cárcel de Amor (1492), y la "Casa del Amor" en el libro de caballerías de Bernardo de Vargas Cirongilio de Trocía (1545), elaborada sobre el modelo de la obra de San Pedro. Mediante el análisis de diversos elementos involucrados en la morfología de cada edificio alegórico es posible establecer un grupo de rasgos comunes, pero también una serie de oposiciones significativas que pueden resumirse en la antítesis alegoría patética (Cárcel de Amor) vs. alegoría glorificadora (Casa del Amor), según las psicologías y misiones contrastantes de los héroes centrales.
The meaning of “ympe-tree” in Sir Orfeo
Authors: López Folgado Vicente
Published: February 2023

En este breve artículo me propongo arrojar alguna luz sobre el debatido significado e interpretación de la palabra “ympe-íre(e)” en el poema medieval inglés Sir Orfeo, de principios del siglo XIV. El poema, que pervive en tres copias de unos 600 versos está basado en el Orfeo y Ettridice de la mitología clásica, pero adaptado al mundo medieval caballeresco. En el intento de traducción del poema he encontrado entre otros el escollo antedicho de ympe-tree, que aparece cinco veces, difícil por su profundo enraizamiento en un mito que aparentemente va más allá de las estrictas fronteras del mito griego.
La “mala poesía” en el siglo XVI: aproximación a una idea
Authors: CHÍVITE TORTOSA Eduardo
Published: February 2023

El trabajo plantea la posibilidad de estudiar la “sátira contra la mala poesía” como un grupo genérico representativo del desarrollo de la lírica en el s. XVI y las actitudes que generó. Se presta atención al proceso de introducción, adaptación y superación del petrarquismo y se proyecta en el horizonte de la constitución de un canon para la poesía en lengua vulgar, con sus correspondientes juicios, a las puertas de la crítica literaria moderna.
Apostilla etimológica al inglés medio ‘rake’
Authors: LÓPEZ PÉREZ Magdalena , MONFERRER SALA Juan P.
Published: February 2023

En este artículo aportamos una serie de datos en torno a la etimología de la palabra inglesa “rake”, proponiendo un étimo a partir del término arameo re/aqa’.
Hermes satirizado. La caricatura de un dios en los Diálogos de Luciano de Samosata
Authors: ASENCIO GONZÁLEZ Emilio
Published: February 2023

Luciano de Samosata representa uno de los últimos eslabones en la cadena de deterioro y banalización del mito griego en un proceso que se inició bastantes siglos antes. A través de la parodia de la sagrada tradición religiosa este autor ejerció en sus obras la más mordaz y severa crítica contra los males que, según él, aquejaban a la sociedad de su época. En el presente estudio se analiza cómo Luciano realizó sus furibundos ataques contra el dogmatismo religioso y la fe de embaucadores pseudofilósofos y milagreros que florecieron en el siglo II d.C. Para ello se toma como paradigma al dios Hermes, ridiculizado y satirizado hasta el extremo en los Diálogos, pero también utilizado como espectador de excepción de los vicios de la sociedad de quienes ya están en el mundo de los muertos.
En torno a la traducción de Die Helferin de Alfred Döblin
Authors: CORBACHO SÁNCHEZ Alonso , TAGUA FERNÁNDEZ Rafael
Published: February 2023

El presente trabajo se centra en el escritor Alfred Döblin, una de las figuras más destacadas del expresionismo alemán, y en la traducción al español de su relato Die Helferin (1911). Asimismo, se repasarán algunos aspectos sobre la traducción literaria.
Poesía satírica inglesa de la Restauración: A sntyr agairist mankitld de John Wilmot (1667-1668) a la luz del pensamiento de Montaigne
Authors: GARCÍA CALDERÓN Ángeles
Published: February 2023

Trabajo que versa sobre uno de los poetas más brillantes de la época inglesa de la Restauración, John Wilmot, que se basa en parte de la reflexión llevada a cabo por el creador del género ensayístico, Michel de Montaigne, asi como también en el pensamiento de otros escritores franceses del siglo siguiente: La Rochefoucauld y Boileau. La influencia se plasma en uno de los poemas más conocidos de Rochester: A Satyr against Mankind, del que se ofrece la traducción versificada.
La citti partenopea nel Filocolo di Giovanni Boccaccio
Authors: BLANCO VALDÉS Carmen F.
Published: February 2023

In quest'opera giovanile di Giovanni Boccaccio, la citta di napoli ricopre un ruolo da protagonista non solo perché fu il luogo dove nacque e conobbe la sua musa. Fiammetta, ma soprattutto perché fu il luogo dove avvenne la sua formazione letteraria. Sfogliando le pagine di questo romanzo sia la cittá di Napoli e dintorni, sia gli intellettuali che conobbe Boccaccio appaiono, a volte, descritti e ritratti sotto l'armatura fittizia dei protagonisti. Con questo articolo si intende mettere in risalto il modo in cui la città e i suoi intellettuali si rendono visibili nei momenti cruciali del romanzo.
Portuguese missionary linguistics: linguistic thought and grammatical theory in Luso-Oriental works of the seventeeth century
Authors: FONSECA Maria do Céu
Published: February 2023

No que concerne à política de expansão e difusão do português, verifica-se, paralelamente ao ensino da língua portuguesa, a aprendizagem das linguas das terras recém-descobertas. Primeiro como modo de catequizar na língua mãe e mais tarde como actividade válida per se, no âmbito da acção missionária dos missionários Jesuitas e Franciscanos. Assim teve início o processo de teorização gramatical sobre línguas não europeias, que conheceu um momento decisivo de consolidação no século XVII, com gramáticas, dicionários e vocabulários escritos quer em português quer em latim.
Mme du Châtelet y su traducción a1 francés de los Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica de Newton
Authors: GARCÍA CALDERÓN Ángeles
Published: February 2023

Trabajo que versa sobre la figura y la obra de una de las primeras mujeres científicas de Europa, Mme du Châtelet, en el doscientos aniversario de su nacimiento, con especial incidencia en su relación con Voltaire y en su traducción, del latín al francés, de la famosa obra de Isaac Newton Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
Sobre unas composiciones aludidas en Respuesta a las cartas de don Luis de Góngora y de don Antonio de las Infantas
Authors: OSUNA CABEZAS María José
Published: February 2023

Uno de los capítulos más interesantes de la polémica gongorina es lo que se ha dado en llamar correspondencia epistolar entre los círculos de Lope de Vega y Góngora, entre la que hay que situar el testimonio Respuesta a las cartas de don Luis de Góngora y de don Antonio de las Infantas. En este documento, entre otras cosas, se hace alusión a una serie de sonetos y décimas, relacionados con la defensa del Polifemo y las Soledades, que la crítica gongorina identificó teniendo en cuenta la fecha que se le había asignado a este testimonio. Sin embargo, tras las últimas aportaciones al estudio de la polémica gongorina, queda claro que esos poemas no pueden ser los que tradicionalmente se han tenido en cuenta. Por tanto, intentaremos demostrar por que no pueden ser esas composiciones y cuáles podrían ser las que verdaderamente son mencionadas.
Humanismo y erudición en el Polifemo comentado de García Salcedo Coronel
Authors: GARCÍA JIMÉNEZ Iván
Published: February 2023

Inscrito en la tradición humanística de explicación de los clásicos, como puede verse en la importancia concedida a las fuentes y al concepto de imitación, el Polifemo comentado de García Salcedo Coronel participa, a su vez, del derroche de erudición característico del XVII. Pero la obra de Salcedo no constituye, con todo, un ejemplo acabado de La nueva erudición barroca. En ella, el alarde de conocimiento se ve restringido en ocasiones por el sentido de la moderación del comentarista.
Il romanzo italiano nel secondo Ottocento: un percorso tra documenti e prefazioni
Authors: GAROSI Linda
Published: February 2023

Questo articolo verte su di una specifica fase della storia del genere romanzesco in Italia. Allo scopo di fare chiarezza sulla problematica condizione statutaria e tipologica ad esso connesso verranno passate in rassegna le proposte elaborate da alcuni dei più rappresentativi narratori del secondo Ottocento. Si analizzeranno pertanto una serie di documenti che esemplificano diversi modi di concepire e di costruire il romanzo in Italia. Attraverso questi testi si metterà in evidenza inoltre il progressivo radicamento della prosa narrativa in una cultura fortemente condizionata da una tradizione classicistico-umanistica prettamente lirica.
La recepción de Milton en España: el papel del humanismo ilustrado sevillano
Authors: TORRALBO CABALLERO Juan de Dios
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo se centra en las primeras versiones y traducciones de la obra de Milton en España, particularmente, en la labor realizada por tres humanistas afincados en Sevilla. Investigaremos un certamen convocado por la Academia Particular de Letras Humanas de Sevilla sobre la inocencia perdida y estudiaremos las propuestas de Alberto Lista y Félix José Reinoso. Cada poeta compone una tirada amplia de versos inspirada en el tema que desarrollara Milton en Paradise Lost. Por otra parte, aludiremos a la traducción que pergeñara Jovellanos durante su etapa hispalense para, finalmente, desglosar otros datos de la estela miltoniana en la cultura española. Asimismo, reflexionaremos sobre la labor del traductor a finales del siglo XVIII para subrayar algunos aspectos de índole traductiva o relacionados con el ideario estético de los propios escritores.
EPHB2 knockdown mitigated MI-induced myocardial injury by inhibiting MAPK signaling
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyan , Wang Wenhua , Kang Haofei
Published: February 2023

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common disease in the cardiovascular field. The incidence of ventricular remodeling dysplasia and heart failure increases significantly after MI. The objective of this study was to investigate whether EPHB2 could regulate myocardial injury after MI and explore its regulatory pathways. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to verify the expression of EPHB2 in MI mice, and then shRNA knockdown of EPHB2 was used to confirm the relationship between EPHB2 expression and disease progression. The levels of inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis were detected by tissue staining. Related factors were detected by RT-qPCR, Western blot or ELISA. Further, the signaling pathway through which EPHB affected MI processes was detected and preliminarily confirmed by Western blot. EPHB2 was significantly overexpressed in heart tissue of MI mice. Knockdown of EPHB2 gene significantly downregulated immune factors and apoptotic factors, and alleviated mi-induced cardiac tissue damage and functional decline in mice. The MAPK pathway was found to be a downstream pathway in which EPHB2 acted. Knockdown EPHB2 down-regulates phosphorylation of MAPK pathway-related proteins. In mouse models, knockdown EPHB2 alleviated MI-induced cardiac function decline, inflammation and apoptosis of myocardial tissue, and myocardial fibrosis. This process may be achieved through the MAPK pathway.
DeepRTAlign: toward accurate retention time alignment for large cohort LC-MS data analysis
Authors: Liu Yi , Zhang Yingying , Zhu Yunping , Chang Cheng
Published: February 2023

Retention time (RT) alignment is one of the crucial steps in liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based proteomic experiments, especially for large cohort studies. And it is achieved using computational methods; the most common among these are the warping function method and the direct matching method. However, the existing tools require the users to specify empirically-derived parameters, which are often difficult to optimize, leading to inconsistent results. To overcome this, we developed a deep learning-based RT alignment tool, named DeepRTAlign, for large cohort LC-MS data analysis. It firstly performs a coarse alignment by calculating the average time shift between any two samples and then uses RT and intensity as the main features to train its deep learning-based model. We demonstrate that DeepRTAlign has improved performances (an average of 7% increase in precision and 20% increase in recall on six datasets) especially when handling complex samples by benchmarking it against current state-of-the-art approaches. And as a deep learning-based tool, it doesn’t require users to predefine any parameter and is compatible with existing feature extraction tools. Ultimately, we show that DeepRTAlign can improve the identification sensitivity of MS data without compromising the quantitative precision. For example, in a single-cell data-independent acquisition MS dataset, DeepRTAlign can align 298 more peptides on average than the existing popular tool DIA-NN in each cell. Furthermore, using the MS features aligned by DeepRTAlign in a large cohort, we train a classifier to predict the early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma with an AUC of 0.995, higher than that of the classifiers built on peptides or proteins.
Virtual Space-Time Diversity Turbo Equalization for Underwater Acoustic Communications
Authors: Han Zhen , Jiang Peng , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2023

A virtual space-time diversity soft direct-adaptation turbo euqalization (SDATEQ) is proposed for single-input-single-output (SISO) underwater acoustic (UWA) communications based on soft fractionally-spaced decision-feedback equalizer (SFSDFE) and virtual time-reversal mirror (VTRM). The SFSDFE combined with recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm is employed to achieve virtual space diversity and increases the mutual information (MI) of iterations for faster convergence. Bidirectional structure with VTRM is exploited to mitigate error propagation phenomenon of DFE. An interpolator and digital phase locked loop (DPLL) are embedded into the euqalizer to overcome the residual Doppler frequency shift and recover the timing distortion. Results of simulations and field lake trial show that the proposed algothrim achieves better performance than Soft-DATEQ under the same equalizer order, and the bit error rate (BER) of 1500-m lake trial decreases from 1.50×10 -2 to 2.22×10 -5 .
End-To-End Communication Protocol in IoT-enabled ZigBee Network: Investigation and Performance Analysis
Authors: Padma Bhukya , Babu E. Suresh
Published: February 2023

This paper presents an efficient end-to-end communication protocol in IoT-enabled ZigBee devices and with Internet Host using 6LoWPAN protocol. Specifically, it solves the (1) The packet size problem and (2) End-to-End communication between the internet host, Gateways, and ZigBee coordinator by not only performing the neighbor discovery process but also reduces the complexity on the coordinator. This 6LoWPAN connects IP-based infrastructures with a collection of Zigbee sensor devices that provides the end-to-end communication to route the IPv6 packets into regional ZigBee Enabled IoT networks. However, packets need to be forwarded or routed with several hops. We proposed the RPL-AODV routing protocol refers to the capacity to deliver data packets from one Zigbee device to 6BR via several hops. Finally we evaluated the performance of the proposed protocol with various metrics.
Influencing factors for the implementation of school-based interventions promoting obesity prevention behaviors in children with low socioeconomic status: A systematic review
Authors: Butscher Friederike , Ellinger Jan , Singer Monika , Mall Christoph
Published: February 2023

Background
Health inequity (HI) remains a major challenge in public health. Improving the health of children with low socioeconomic status (SES) can help to reduce overall HI in children. Childhood obesity is a global problem, entailing several adverse health effects. It is crucial to assess the influencing factors for adoption, implementation and sustainment of interventions. This review aims to identify articles reporting about influencing factors for the implementation of school-based interventions promoting obesity prevention behaviors in children with low SES. It aims to critically appraise the articles’ quality, assess influencing factors, categorize and evaluate them, and to discuss possible implications.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted in 7 databases with the following main inclusion criteria: 1) school-based interventions and 2) target group aged 5–14 years. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, its five domains (intervention characteristics, inner setting, outer setting, characteristics of individuals, process) along with 39 constructs within these domains were used to deductively analyze the data. We grouped the articles with regard to the characteristics of the interventions in simple and complex interventions. For each domain, and for the groups of simple and complex interventions, the most commonly reported influencing factors are identified.
Results
6452 articles were screened, and 16 met all eligibility criteria. Included articles applied mixed methods (n = 10), qualitative (n = 5) and quantitative design (n = 1). Of these, five were considered to report simple interventions and eleven were considered to report complex interventions. In total, 295 influencing factors were assessed. Aspects of the inner setting were reported in every study, aspects of the outer setting were the least reported domain, and in the group of simple interventions not reported at all. In the inner setting, most reported influencing factors were time (n = 7), scheduling (n = 6) and communication (n = 6).
Conclusion
This review found a wide range of influencing factors for implementation. Most important influencing factors need to be assessed for every setting. Including all stakeholders involved in the implementation process enhances the prioritization of the most important influencing factors for the specific setting. More empirical research and practical guidance are needed to promote obesity prevention behaviors among children with low SES.
Effect of regional versus general anesthesia on recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yulong , Song Yuxuan , Qin Caipeng , Zhang Chunlong , Du Yiqing , Xu Tao
Published: February 2023

Background

Regional anesthesia appears to reduce cancer recurrence, but the optimal anesthesia modality for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) were still under debate. Therefore, we sought to assess the effect of regional and GA only upon the recurrence and long-term prognosis of NMIBC through this meta-analysis.

Methods

We performed an extensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (up to October 30, 2022) to identify eligible articles on the possible impact of different anesthetic modalities for the recurrence rate of NMIBC.

Results

Eight studies comprising 3764 participants, including 2117 subjects with RA and 1647 with GA, were finally enrolled. Cancer recurrence rate was significantly lower in subjects with RA than those with GA. (RR 0.84, 95%CI 0.72–0.98, P = 0.031). Significant differences were not detected between GA and RA in the time of recurrence (SMD 2.07, 95% CI -0.49-4.64, P = 0.113) and cancer progression (RR 1.14, 95%CI 0.71–1.84, P = 0.589). Results from subgroup analysis demonstrated that spinal anesthesia could significantly decrease the incidence of cancer recurrence in comparison with general anesthesia (RR 0.80, 95%CI 0.72–0.88, P < 0.001) and subjcets with high-risk NMIBC who received RA tended to have less recurrence (HR 0.55, 95%CI 0.38–0.78, P = 0.001).

Conclusions

RA, especially spinal anesthesia, is effective in reducing the recurrence rate after transurethral resection of NMIBC. High-risk NMIBC patients were significantly less likely to experience cancer recurrence when RA was adopted during surgery.

Trial registration

INPLASY registration INPLASY2022110097
13C and 15N Resonance Assignments of Alpha Synuclein Fibrils Amplified from Lewy Body Dementia Tissue
Authors: Barclay Alexander M. , Dhavale Dhruva D. , Borcik Collin G. , Milchberg Moses H. , Kotzbauer Paul T. , Rienstra Chad M.
Published: February 2023

Fibrils of the protein α-synuclein (Asyn) are implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson Disease, Lewy Body Dementia, and Multiple System Atrophy. Numerous forms of Asyn fibrils have been studied by solid-state NMR and resonance assignments have been reported. Here, we report a new set of 13C, 15N assignments that are unique to fibrils obtained by amplification from postmortem brain tissue of a patient diagnosed with Lewy Body Dementia.
Investigation of the response of Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC to salt stress using combined transcriptomics and metabolomics
Authors: Zhang Meixi , Wang Xiaoqin , Xing Yushu , Ma Jiannan , Zhang Ying , Yu Juan , Jia Xin
Published: February 2023

Background: Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC is a famous traditional Chinese medicine in China and an authentic medicine in Inner Mongolia. It has been traditionally used as an expectorant in cough because of its role in clearing lung heat. As a homologous plant of medicine and food, P. grandiflorus is widely planted in Northeast China. Soil salinity is a limiting factor for its cultivation. In this study, we comprehensively described the physiological characteristics of P. grandiflorus and combined transcriptomics and metabolomics to study the response of roots of P. grandiflorus to salt stress.
Results: Overall, 8,988 differentially expressed genes were activated and significantly altered the metabolic processes. In total, 428 differentially abundant metabolites were affected by salt stress. After moderate and severe salt stress, most of the differentially abundant metabolites were enriched in the L-phenylalanine metabolic pathway. Through the comprehensive analysis of the interaction between key genes and metabolites, the main pathways such as lignin compound biosynthesis and triterpene saponin biosynthesis were completed. The relative content of compounds related to lignin biosynthesis, such as caffeic acid, coniferin, and syringing, increased under salt stress, and the related genes such as PAL, C4H, and the key enzyme gene UGT72E2 were activated to adapt to the salt stress. Platycodon saponin is one of the major triterpene saponins in P. grandiflorus, and Platycodin D is its most abundant major bioactive component. Under severe salt stress, Platycodin D level increased by nearly 1.77-fold compared with the control group. Most of the genes involved in synthetic pathway of Platycodin D, such as HMGCR, GGPS, SE, and LUP, were upregulated under salt stress.
Conclusion: Salt stress led to a decrease in the biomass and affected the activities of antioxidant enzymes and contents of osmotic regulators in the plant. These results provided not only novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of response of P. grandiflorus to salt stress but also a foundation for future studies on the function of genes related to salt tolerance in the triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis pathway.
Performance evaluation of different filtration fraction during daytime continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Wang Li , Huang Jinjing , Li Fan , Huang Siyue , Xu Chengyun , Xu Gaosi
Published: February 2023

Objective
To investigate the effects of different filtration fractions (FFs) during daytime continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) post-dilution.
Methods
From April to December 2021, forty patients who received CVVHDF in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were randomly assigned to the low FF group (FF: 20–25%) or the high FF group (FF: 25–30%) and then compared with each other. The lifespan of the extracorporeal circuit and other performance metrics were compared between the two groups.
Results
During treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in arterial pressure between the two groups at 2 hours, 6 hours and the end of treatment compared with that at 1 hour of treatment (P = 0.30, 0.27, 0.87). There was no statistically significant difference between the venous pressure at 2 hours, 6 hours and the end of treatment compared with that at 1 hour of treatment (P = 0.55, 0.53, 0.53), and there was also no statistically significant difference in transmembrane pressure (P = 0.55, 0.63, 0.53). There was no statistically significant difference in the clotted filter or the extracorporeal circulation circuit at the end of CRRT between the two groups (P = 0.95, 0.31). There were statistically significant differences in the clearance efficiency of serum creatinine (P = 0.04).
Conclusion
For patients with daytime CRRT, CVVHDF treatment with FFs < 25% compared with FFs of 25–30% has no statistically significant difference in the risk of coagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass, while the efficacy seems to be significantly different. This study aims to provide supportive data for the criteria for defining FF in clinical practice.
Physical frailty Is Associated with Increased Risk of Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Zhao Jia-Xiu , Li Jian-Hua , Wang Rong , Zou Xiao , Liu Yun-Xia , Zuo Jing , Yan Xiao-Wei , Si Quan-Jin , Cui Lin-Hong , Hu Yixin
Published: February 2023

Objectives: The prognostic value of each physical frailty and its components on adverse clinical outcomes, particularly for the population with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD), is still not well studied. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of physical frailty in the older adults with SCAD in community-dwelling setting and examine the influence of physical frailty and its different domains to the risk of adverse clinical outcomes among elders with SCAD.
Design: Register-based retrospective longitudinal study.
Setting and participants: The study cohort included a total of 221 patients aged 65 years or older who were diagnosed with SCAD and continuously sought care at the Geriatrics and Cardiology Outpatient Department of PLA General Hospital between July 15, 2015, and June 30, 2016.
Methods: After enrollment, the patients were divided into three groups according to the Fried phenotype. Health outcomes, including all-cause mortality and hospitalization, were assessed and verified by phone calls and electronic medical records (EMR) every 24 months, with a total of 2 review times per patient. The association between all-cause mortality and each of the five domains of the Fried phenotype were assessed using Cox model. Three models with progressive adjustment for potential confounders were fitted.
Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, physical frailtywas independently associated with all-cause mortality (frail group: aHR: 4.80; 95% CI 1.71–13.45; P = 0.003) compared to non-physical frailty. Slow gait speed (aHR: 6.75; 95% CI: 1.63 to 27.91; p =0.008) was significantly associated with the all-cause mortality, while weak grip strength was significantly associated with hospitalization (aHR:2.04; 95% CI:1.23 to 3.39; p = 0.006).
Conclusions and Implications: Physical frailty in general and different physical frailtydomains in particular are independently associated increased mortality among SCAD patients. Slow gait speed and weak grip strength maybe potentially increase future hospitalization and death. physical frailty and its domains especially gait speed and grip strength should be screened early in SCAD patients to reduce mortality.
Novelty：It is the first time investigating the the influence of physical frailty on the prognosis among the older adults with SCAD in Chinese community-dwelling setting and examine the influence of different physical frailty domains to the risk of adverse clinical outcomes among elders with SCAD.
Association Between Segmental Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in US Adults：Results from the NHANES (2011- 2018)
Authors: Lin Yanze , Wu Ruiji , Wang Xun , Zhou Jinlei , Feng Fabo
Published: February 2023

Objective
The association between segmental body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) is unclear. This study analyzed the representative adult sample from the US in order to evaluate the association between segmental body composition and BMD.
Method
Ten thousand and ninety-six people aged 20–59 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database participated in this cross-sectional study. Segmental body composition and total BMD were examined using weighted multivariate linear regression analysis. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was performed according to age and gender group.
Result
The fat proportion of each body region was negatively related to total BMD once confounding variables were taken into account, while the arm and leg showing the most significant negative correlation. Lean mass and BMD were positively correlated in each region. Similar results were observed in all hierarchical analyses.
Conclusion
In essence, we discovered that BMD in American individuals aged 20 to 59 was inversely linked with the percentage of fat mass in various body locations. The increase of lean mass in each region had a protective effect on bones. Segmental body composition analysis may be used to provide information for predicting the health status of bone.
Manufacturing and Treatment Standardization of Tumor Associated Antigen Stimulated Autologous Dendritic and Cytokine Induced Killer Cell Coculture for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Lee Yi-Yen , Luo Shao-Ciao , Lee Chung-Hsin , Tang Chien-Lun , Shen Chiung-Chyi , Cheng Wen-Yu , Yang Yi-Chin , Yang Meng-Yin , Yen Chun-Ming
Published: February 2023

Background
Dendritic Cell Cytokine-induced killer cell (DC- CIK) coculture treatment in cancer immunotherapy has been shown to be effective. However, the cost of DC- CIK therapy is prohibitive for many patients, and the lack of standard manufacturing processes and treatment strategies are major limitations. Our study used tumor lysate as a tumor-associated antigen source and DCs and CIK cells in coculture. We developed an efficient method to obtain autologous DCs- and CIK cells from peripheral blood. We used flow cytometry to assess DC activation and the cytometric bead array assay to quantify cytokines secreted by CIK cells.
Results
We evaluated the antitumor activity of DC- CIK coculture in vitro with the K562 cell line. We demonstrated that a manufacturing process employing frozen immature DCs can yield the lowest loss with the highest economic benefits. DC-CIK coculture can effectively upgrade CIK cells’ immunological specificity to tumors in the presence of tumor-associated antigens.
Conclusion
In vitro experiments revealed that when the DC- CIK cell ratio was 1: 20 in the coculture, CIK cells secreted the highest number of cytokines on the 14th day and the antitumor immune effect showed the highest potency. CIK cells’ cytotoxicity to K562 cells was highest when the CIK: K562 cell ratio was 25: 1. We developed an efficient manufacturing process for DC- CIK coculture, while also establishing the optimal DC- CIK cell ratio for immunological activity and the best cytotoxic CIK: K562 cell ratio.
An Efficient Blockchain-Based Self-Tallying Voting Protocol with Full-Anonymity
Authors: Li Fang , Wang Xiaofen , Li Xiong , Zhang Xichen , Lu Rongxing , Chen Tao
Published: February 2023

As an electronic form of traditional voting, electronic voting is becoming more and more popular in today’s information society. Most of the existing electronic voting protocols need a trusted center to calculate the voting result, but the requirement of a trusted center is often unrealistic and prone to single point of failure. In this regard, the decentralized electronic voting protocols based on blockchain have been proposed. Unfortunately, most existing blockchain-based voting protocols fail to ensure anonymity, legitimacy, and correctness of counting. Besides, they do not satisfy robustness, i.e., the voting result cannot be counted in the event of voter abstention. To address the above challenges, we propose a novel blockchain-based self-tallying voting protocol, where the group signature and zero-knowledge proof are utilized in a way that the voter can securely distribute anonymous and unlinkable electronic ballots, thereby guaranteeing complete anonymity and legitimacy. Meanwhile, a novel signcryption algorithm is designed by combining distributed ElGamal encryption and Paillier encryption algorithms, which enhances the computational efficiency of voting results while supporting robustness. The security proof shows that our protocol ensures the confidentiality of ballots, complete anonymity, legitimacy, fairness, dispute-freeness and resistance against multi-voting. In addition, our protocol satisfies robustness, i.e., voting result can be correctly calculated and verified even if some voters abstain from voting. Finally, extensive experiments show that our protocol greatly reduces the computational cost and communication overhead, and is more practical than existing self-tallying voting protocols.
Prevalence and Predictors of Readmission in the Department of Medicine in a Tertiary Hospital in Manila, Philippines
Authors: Balane Janika Adrienne L. , Yap Celina Daia DG. , Villanueva Cary Amiel G. , Palileo-Villanueva Lia Aileen M. , Tamondong-Lachica Diana R.
Published: February 2023

Background: Identifying factors that increase the risk for hospital readmission can help in determining potential targets for quality improvement efforts. This study described the factors that lead to hospital readmission within 30 days of hospital discharge of patients under the General Medicine service of a tertiary government hospital in Manila, Philippines.
Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study which included service patients 19 years old and above readmitted within 30 days following discharge. A total of 324 hospital readmissions within 30 days of discharge from January 1 to December 31, 2019 were reviewed. We estimated the prevalence of 30-day readmission and identified factors associated with preventable readmissions using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: Of the 4,010 hospitalizations under General Medicine service in 2019, 602 (18%) were readmissions within 30 days of discharge, majority of which were related to the index admission (90%) and unplanned (68%). Predictors of preventable readmission were emergency readmission (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.72 to 6.60, p=<0.001), having five to ten medications at discharge (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.87, p=0.018), and presence of nosocomial infection (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.17, p=0.024). The most frequent reason for readmission among preventable ones is health-care related infection (42.9%).
Conclusions: We identified factors which increased the likelihood of preventable readmissions such as type of readmission, number of medications per day, and presence of nosocomial infections. We propose that these issues be addressed to improve healthcare delivery and reduce readmission-related expenditures. Further studies should be pursued to identify impactful evidence-based practices.
Liquid Application Dosing Alters the Physiology of Air-Liquid Interface Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cultures and In Vitro Testing Relevant Endpoints
Authors: Mallek Nicholas M. , Martin Elizabeth M. , Dailey Lisa A. , McCullough Shaun D.
Published: February 2023

Differentiated Primary human bronchial epithelial cell (dpHBEC) cultures grown under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions exhibit key features of the human respiratory tract and are thus critical for respiratory research as well as efficacy and toxicity testing of inhaled substances (e.g., consumer products, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals). Many inhalable substances (e.g., particles, aerosols, hydrophobic substances, reactive substances) have physiochemical properties that challenge their evaluation under ALI conditionsin vitro. Evaluation of the effects of these methodologically challenging chemicals (MCCs)in vitrois typically conducted by “liquid application,” involving the direct application of a solution containing the test substance to the apical, air-exposed surface of dpHBEC-ALI cultures. We report that the application of liquid to the apical surface of a dpHBEC-ALI co-culture model results in significant reprogramming of the dpHBEC transcriptome and biological pathway activity, alternative regulation of cellular signaling pathways, increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, and decreased epithelial barrier integrity. Given the prevalence of liquid application in the delivery of test substances to ALI systems, understanding its effects provides critical infrastructure for the use ofin vitrosystems in respiratory research as well as in the safety and efficacy testing of inhalable substances.
Use of research electronic data capture (REDCap) in a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART): A practical example of automating double randomization
Authors: Lee Carol , Gamino Danilo , Lore Michelle , Donelson Curt , Windsor Liliane
Published: February 2023

Background: Adaptive interventions are often used in individualized health care to meet the unique needs of clients. Recently, more researchers have adopted the Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART), a type of research design, to build optimal adaptive interventions. SMART requires research participants to be randomized multiple times over time, depending upon their response to earlier interventions. Despite the increasing popularity of SMART designs, conducting a successful SMART study poses unique technological and logistical challenges (e.g., effectively concealing and masking allocation sequence to investigators, involved health care providers, and subjects) in addition to other challenges common to all study designs (e.g., study invitations, eligibility screening, consenting procedures, and data confidentiality protocols). Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) is a secure, browser-based web application widely used by researchers for data collection. REDCap offers unique features that support researchers’ ability to conduct rigorous SMARTs. This manuscript provides an effective strategy for performing automatic double randomization for SMARTs using REDCap.
Methods: Between January and March 2022, we conducted a SMART using a sample of adult (age 18 and older) New Jersey residents to optimize an adaptive intervention to increase COVID-19 testing uptake. In the current report, we discuss how we used REDCap for our SMART, which required double randomization. Further, we share our REDCap project XML file for future investigators to use when designing and conducting SMARTs.
Results: We report on the randomization feature that REDCap offers and describe how the study team automated an additional randomization that was required for our SMART. An application programming interface was used to automate the double randomizations in conjunction with the randomization feature provided by REDCap.
Conclusions: REDCap offers powerful tools to facilitate the implementation of longitudinal data collection and SMARTs. Investigators can make use of this electronic data capturing system to reduce errors and bias in the implementation of their SMARTs by automating double randomization.
Trial registration: The SMART study was prospectively registered at Clinicaltrials.gov; registration number: NCT04757298, date of registration: 17/02/2021. Keywords: Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap), randomized controlled trials (RCT), adaptive interventions, Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART), randomization, experimental design, reducing human errors, automation.
Assessment of Depression and Internalized Stigma among Adult Asthma Patients
Authors: Ahmed-Chowdhury Saquib , Ahmad Sohail , Sarkar Md. Moklesur , Ismail Nahlah
Published: February 2023

Objective: Suboptimal asthma control among significant number patients are linked with various psycho-social factors, such as depression and stigma. These factors play an obstructive role for better asthma management. The aim of this study is to assess depressive symptoms and internalized stigma collectively among adult asthma patients, and investigate how these two factors are related with other sociodemographic and asthma related medical factors.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 325 adult asthma patients (aged > 18 years old) were recruited from National Asthma Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Researcher-administered questionnaire was used to enroll participants by convenience sampling method. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: socio-demographic characteristics, medical data, 9-item patient health (PHQ-9) to assess depressive symptoms, and 22 items stigma scale to assess internalized stigma. The extracted data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS®), version 22.
Results: Most of the participants in this study (n=325), were between 18 to 40 years old n(%) 176(54.2), male 174(53.5), from rural areas 165(50.8), had monthly family income ( 5years 151(46.5). The mean±SD PHQ-9 score was 7.36(±6), reflected mild depressive symptoms, while internalized stigma score was 62.2(±10.26), moderate internalized stigma. Depression was significantly different across age, education, ED visit, hospitalized for asthma, number of asthma medicine, home nebulizer use, PEF rate, BMI, comorbidity, and asthma symptom control (p<0.05). Stigma was significantly different across age, education, occupation, years of asthma diagnosed, home nebulizer, type of inhaler, PEF rate, BMI, comorbidity and asthma symptom control (p<0.05). Stigma was significantly correlated with depression and negatively correlated with age and years of asthma diagnosed (p<0.01).
Conclusion: This study showed various factors are associated with depressive symptoms and internalized stigma among enrolled asthma patients. Stigma was higher among younger adults and recent asthma diagnosed. Intervention is needed to reduce stigma and depression.
How strength of social ties modulates brain computations for Third-Party Punishment
Authors: Tang Zixuan , Qu Chen , Hu Yang , Benistant Julien , Moisan Frédéric , Derrington Edmund , Dreher Jean-Claude
Published: February 2023

Costly punishment of social norms transgressors by third-parties has been considered as a decisive stage in the evolution of human cooperation. An important facet of social relationship knowledge concerns the strength of the social ties between individuals, as measured by social distance. Yet, it is unclear how the enforcement of social norms is influenced by the social distance between a third-party and a norm violator at the behavioral and the brain system levels. Here, we investigated how social distance between punishers and norm-violators influences third-party punishment. Participants as third-party punished norm violators more severely as social distance between them increased. Using model-based fMRI, we disentangled key computations contributing to third-party punishment: inequity aversion, social distance with the norm violator and integration of the cost to punish with these signals. Inequity aversion increased activity in the anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral insula, and processing social distance engaged a bilateral fronto-parietal cortex brain network. These two brain signals and the cost to punish were integrated in a subjective value signal of sanctions that modulated activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Taken together, our results reveal the neurocomputational underpinnings of third-party punishment and how social distance modulates enforcement of social norms in humans.
Phase Change Materials for portable isothermal incubators as a solution to shorten effective analysis times in microbiological quality control of drinking water
Authors: Codony Francesc , Ventolà Lourdes , Sabaté Noemí , Dangla Carles
Published: February 2023

The microbiological quality control of water for human consumption of parameters relevant as E.coli and total coliforms does not start on the field despite the existence of test methods that could make it possible. One of the things that makes this difficult is the possibility of initiating an effective and reliable incubation at the sampling site. The appearance of isothermal media with phase change materials solves this limitation. When Phase change materials combine a relatively high melting heat with a suitable melting temperature adapted to the application temperature, they become excellent materials for thermal protection and for thermal energy storage. Starting the test at the same sampling point means that the effective times to obtain a result are shorter, improving water quality control. On the other hand, operationally, it also allows longer sampling routes. Both aspects are essential for managers responsible for controlling water quality for human consumption. In this work, the evidence that demonstrates the feasibility of this approach is presented.