bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Separate and Unequal: The Impact of Socioeconomic Status, Segregation, and the Great Recession on Racial Disparities in Housing Values
Authors: Thomas Melvin E. , Moye Richard , Henderson Loren , Horton Hayward Derrick
Published: June 2017

The effects of race, class, and residential segregation on housing values continue to be a major focus of sociological research. Nevertheless, there has yet to be a study that places these factors in the context of the great recession of 2008 and 2009. Accordingly, the purpose of this work is to assess the extent to which the great recession affected housing values for African Americans and whites relative to the joint effects of race, class, and residential segregation. The following research questions are addressed: (1) How do segregation and socioeconomic status (SES) affect racial differences in housing values? (2) What were the levels of racial disparity in housing values before, during, and after the great recession? and (3) Were the housing values of higher status African Americans insulated from the negative impact of segregation and the great recession compared with their lower status counterparts? Using the Integrated Public Use Micro-data Series, the 2010 metropolitan area dissimilarity and population density scores, and hierarchical linear modeling, the findings revealed that the great recession exacerbated racial differences in housing values most in the higher SES categories. Higher status African Americans were more disadvantaged relative to comparable whites than lower status African Americans compared with similar whites in terms of housing values. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings.
Dysfunctional diversity of p53 proteins in adult acute myeloid leukemia: projections on diagnostic workup and therapy
Authors: Prokocimer Miron , Molchadsky Alina , Rotter Varda
Published: June 2017

The heterogeneous nature of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its poor prognosis necessitate therapeutic improvement. Current advances in AML research yield important insights regarding AML genetic, epigenetic, evolutional, and clinical diversity, all in which dysfunctional p53 plays a key role. As p53 is central to hematopoietic stem cell functions, its aberrations affect AML evolution, biology, and therapy response and usually predict poor prognosis. While in human solid tumors TP53 is mutated in more than half of cases, TP53 mutations occur in less than one tenth of de novo AML cases. Nevertheless, wild-type (wt) p53 dysfunction due to nonmutational p53 abnormalities appears to be rather frequent in various AML entities, bearing, presumably, a greater impact than is currently appreciated. Hereby, we advocate assessment of adult AML with respect to coexisting p53 alterations. Accordingly, we focus not only on the effects of mutant p53 oncogenic gain of function but also on the mechanisms underlying nonmutational wtp53 inactivation, which might be of therapeutic relevance. Patient-specific TP53 genotyping with functional evaluation of p53 protein may contribute significantly to the precise assessment of p53 status in AML, thus leading to the tailoring of a rationalized and precision p53-based therapy. The resolution of the mechanisms underlying p53 dysfunction will better address the p53-targeted therapies that are currently considered for AML. Additionally, a suggested novel algorithm for p53-based diagnostic workup in AML is presented, aiming at facilitating the p53-based therapeutic choices.
Engraftment of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia cells in immunocompromised mice supports disease dependency on cytokines
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , He Liang , Selimoglu-Buet Dorothée , Jego Chloe , Morabito Margot , Willekens Christophe , Diop M'boyba Khadija , Gonin Patrick , Lapierre Valérie , Droin Nathalie , Solary Eric , Louache Fawzia
Published: June 2017

Key Points

Transgenic mice expressing 3 human cytokines enable expansion of CMML cells with limited stem cell engraftment. The mutational profile of CMML cells that expand in mice mirrors that of patient monocytes.
How does roadside vegetation management affect the diversity of vascular plants and invertebrates? A systematic review protocol
Authors: Bernes Claes , Bullock James M. , Jakobsson Simon , Verheyen Kris , Lindborg Regina
Published: June 2017

Background

Roadsides have been acknowledged as potential substitutes for semi-natural grasslands and other open habitats with high biodiversity, many of which are now declining. Current recommendations for roadside management to promote conservation of biodiversity are largely based on studies of plants in meadows or pastures, although such areas often differ from roadsides in terms of environmental conditions and disturbance regimes. Stakeholders in Sweden have emphasised the need for more targeted guidelines for roadside management, based on actual roadside studies. We recently performed a systematic mapping of the evidence on how roadside management affects biodiversity and the dispersal of species. Through this process, we found 98 studies on how the richness or abundance of species on roadsides is affected by management such as regular mowing, burning, grazing or selective mechanical removal of plants. Since all of these interventions entail removal of plant biomass, they are comparable. Most of the studies recorded management effects on vascular plants, but there were 14 investigations of insects and other invertebrates. We now intend to proceed with a full systematic review of how maintenance or restoration of roadsides based on non-chemical vegetation removal affects the diversity of vascular plants and invertebrates.

Methods

Most of the evidence on which the proposed systematic review is to be based will be selected from the systematic map. To identify more recently published literature on the topic of the review, we will perform a search update using a subset of the search terms applied for the systematic map. The criteria for inclusion of studies will be the same as for the map, except that interventions and outcomes will be restricted to those relevant to the review. Relevant studies will be subject to critical appraisal and categorised as having high or low validity for the review. Studies with low validity will be excluded from the review. Utilisable data on outcomes, interventions and other potential effect modifiers will be extracted from included articles. A narrative synthesis will describe the validity and findings of all studies in the review. Where a sufficient number of studies report similar outcome types, meta-analysis will be conducted.
Shp1 function in myeloid cells
Authors: Abram Clare L , Lowell Clifford A
Published: June 2017

The motheaten mouse was first described in 1975 as a model of systemic inflammation and autoimmunity, as a result of immune system dysregulation. The phenotype was later ascribed to mutations in the cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphatase Shp1. This phosphatase is expressed widely throughout the hematopoietic system and has been shown to impact a multitude of cell signaling pathways. The determination of which cell types contribute to the different aspects of the phenotype caused by global Shp1 loss or mutation and which pathways within these cell types are regulated by Shp1 is important to further our understanding of immune system regulation. In this review, we focus on the role of Shp1 in myeloid cells and how its dysregulation affects immune function, which can impact human disease.
Long-term results of a phase II randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a psychological intervention (Conquer Fear) to reduce clinical levels of fear of cancer recurrence in breast, colorectal, and melanoma cancer survivors.
Authors: Beith Jane McNeil , Thewes Belinda , Turner Jane , Gilchrist Jemma , Sharpe Louise , Girgis Afaf , Smith Allan 'Ben' , Fardell Joanna , Tesson Stephanie , O'Connell Rachel , Asher Rebecca , Butow Phyllis ,   Members of the Conquer Fear Authorship Group
Published: June 2017

LBA10000

Background: Up to 70% of cancer survivors report clinically significant fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). This parallel RCT evaluated the impact of a psychological intervention, Conquer Fear (CF), on FCR in cancer survivors. Methods: Participants were disease-free stage I-III breast, colorectal or melanoma cancer survivors, 2 months to 5 years post-treatment, who scored above the clinical cut-off (≥13) on the FCR Inventory (FCRI) severity subscale. CF included 5 sessions incorporating attention training, detached mindfulness, challenging unhelpful metacognitions, values clarification and psycho-education. Participants were randomised to the intervention ( n= 121) or a relaxation training (RT) control arm ( n= 101) (target n= 260). The primary end-point was reduction in FCR (FCRI total) immediately after intervention completion. Follow-up assessments occurred immediately, 3- and 6-months post-treatment. Data analysis was by intention to treat. The differences in change in FCR from baseline between CF and RT and secondary outcomes were tested using independent t-tests. A difference of 14.5 points in FCR was considered clinically significant. Long-term changes in FCR and secondary outcomes were evaluated using linear regression models fitted with generalized estimating equations (GEE), adjusted for baseline FCR. Results: Reduction in FCR between baseline and immediately post-treatment was significantly more in CF participants compared to RT. (Difference in change (95% CI): -10.5 (-16.1, -4.9); p < 0.001). Greater FCR reductions were also observed amongst CF participants at 3 months (-7.6 (-13.9, -1.4), p = 0.02) and 6 months (-7.8 (-14.2, -1.4), p = 0.02) compared with RT. The pattern of change in outcomes over time was consistent between treatment groups as no significant linear trends in treatment effects over time were observed. Conclusions: Conquer Fear is a theoretically-grounded intervention to reduce FCR and its associated psychological morbidity which leads to significantly greater reductions in FCR in the first 6 months following treatment than relaxation training. Clinical trial information: ACTRN12612000404820.
Dacomitinib versus gefitinib for the first-line treatment of advanced EGFR mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer (ARCHER 1050): A randomized, open-label phase III trial.
Authors: Mok Tony , Cheng Ying , Zhou Xiangdong , Lee Ki Hyeong , Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Niho Seiji , Tsuji Fumito , Rosell Rafael , Corral Jaime Jesus , Migliorino Maria Rita , Pluzanski Adam , Linke Rolf Gerhard , Sbar Eric , Wang Tao , Wu Yi-Long
Published: June 2017

LBA9007

Background: Dacomitinib is a 2nd generation EGFR TKI with encouraging clinical activity as 1st-line therapy in patients with EGFR-activating mutation positive advanced NSCLC (Jänne, Lancet Oncol 2014). We performed the first randomized phase III trial, currently ongoing, comparing dacomitinib (D) with gefitinib (G) as 1st-line therapy (1L) (NCT01774721). Methods: Patients (pts) with newly diagnosed stage IIIB/IV/ recurrent NSCLC harboring an EGFR- activating mutation (exon 19 del or exon 21 L858R mu +/- exon 20 T790M mu) were randomized 1:1 to D 45 mg PO QD or G 250mg PO QD; stratification was by race and EGFR mutation subtype. The primary endpoint was PFS per blinded independent review (IRC) analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test and Cox model. Secondary endpoints included: overall survival, objective response rate (ORR), duration of response (DR), PFS per Investigator (INV), time to treatment failure (TTF), restricted mean survival time (RMST) for PFS, safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Results: The ITT population included 452 pts with baseline characteristics fairly well balanced between the arms. ORR per IRC was similar between arms (75% [95% CI: 69, 80] for D and 72% [95% CI: 65, 77]; 2-sided p-value = 0.39; OS is not mature. The most commonly reported grade 3 adverse events with dacomitinib were dermatitis acneiform (13.7%) and diarrhea (8.4%) and with gefitinib ALT (8.5%); no new safety signals were identified. Conclusions: ARCHER 1050 was the first phase III head-to-head study of EGFR TKIs and demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in efficacy of D vs. G in 1L NSCLC pts with EGFR-activating mutations with a manageable safety profile, to offer a new 1L treatment option. Clinical trial information: NCT01774721. [Table: see text]
GATA6 is essential for endoderm formation from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Fisher J. B. , Pulakanti K. , Rao S. , Duncan S. A.
Published: June 2017

Protocols have been established that direct differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into a variety of cell types including the endoderm and its derivatives. This model of differentiation has been useful for investigating the molecular mechanisms that guide human developmental processes. Using a directed differentiation protocol combined with shRNA depletion we sought to understand the role of GATA6 in regulating the earliest switch from pluripotency to definitive endoderm. We reveal that GATA6–depletion during endoderm formation results in apoptosis of nascent endoderm cells, concomitant with a loss of endoderm gene expression. We show by ChIP-sequencing that GATA6 directly binds to several genes encoding transcription factors that are necessary for endoderm differentiation. Our data support the view that GATA6 is a central regulator of the formation of human definitive endoderm from pluripotent stem cells by directly controlling endoderm gene expression.
The formin DAAM is required for coordination of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton in axonal growth cones
Authors: Szikora Szilárd , Földi István , Tóth Krisztina , Migh Ede , Vig Andrea , Bugyi Beáta , Maléth József , Hegyi Péter , Kaltenecker Péter , Sanchez-Soriano Natalia , Mihály József
Published: June 2017

Directed axonal growth depends on correct coordination of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton in the growth cone. However, despite the relatively large number of proteins implicated in actin−microtubule crosstalk, the mechanisms whereby actin polymerization is coupled to microtubule stabilization and advancement in the peripheral growth cone remained largely unclear. Here, we identified the formin Dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis (DAAM) as a novel factor playing a role in concerted regulation of actin and microtubule remodeling in Drosophila melanogaster primary neurons. In vitro, DAAM binds to F-actin as well as to microtubules and has the ability to crosslink the two filament systems. Accordingly, DAAM associates with the neuronal cytoskeleton, and a significant fraction of DAAM accumulates at places where the actin filaments overlap with that of microtubules. Loss of DAAM affects growth cone and microtubule morphology, and several aspects of microtubule dynamics; and biochemical and cellular assays revealed a microtubule stabilization activity and binding to the microtubule tip protein EB1. Together, these data suggest that, besides operating as an actin assembly factor, DAAM is involved in linking actin remodeling in filopodia to microtubule stabilization during axonal growth.
"Pittura Romeica" in Italy: Artistic transfers across the Adriatic sea (18th - 19th centuries)
Authors: Drakopoulou Eugenia
Published: June 2017

The complex historical reality of the Adriatic region, an area located even today on the borderline between East and West, is reflected in the works of religious painting and in the painters’ geographical movements. The art of Orthodox regions was mainly influenced by Venice, but also by the rest of Italy, and, as a result, a unique art emerged in the Ionian Islands, which remained under Venetian control until the end of the eighteenth century. In the course of the eighteenth century, political and economic conditions contributed to the growth of the Orthodox communities in Italy. Their members were interested in the art of the country where they lived and prospered, but they simultaneously wished to preserve the “pittura romeica” in the decorations of churches and in the icons used for their personal worship. From Naples to the cosmopolitan Trieste, Orthodox painters, coming mainly from the Ionian Islands, produced artworks which were adapted to the new surroundings, thereby making the Adriatic region once again a privileged area for cultural exchanges.
Secular painting in the Ionian islands and Italian art: Aspects of a multi-faceted relationship
Authors: Kouria Aphrodite
Published: June 2017

The contribution of Italian art, especially Venetian, was decisive to the secularisation of art in the Ionian Islands and the shaping of the so-called Ionian School, in the context of a broader Western influence affecting all aspects of life and culture, especially on the islands of Zakynthos and Corfu. Italian influences, mainly of Renaissance, Mannerism and Baroque art, can be identified both on the iconographic and the stylistic level of artworks, with theoretical support. This article explores facets of the dialogue of secular painting in the Ionian with Italian art in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, focussing on works and artists that highlight significant aspects of this multilayered phenomenon and also through secondary channels that expand the horizon of analysis. Procession paintings, with their various connotations, and portraiture, which flourished in secular Ionian art, offer the most interesting material as regards the selection, reception and management of Italian models and points of reference.
Review of: Carol M. Richardson, Kim W. Woods and Michael W. Franklin (eds), Renaissance Art Reconsidered: An Anthology of Primar y Sources,
Authors: Drakopoulou Eugenia
Published: June 2017

The title of this volume refers to the course of the Open University entitled Renaissance Art Reconsidered and more particularly to its three course books, which reflect three reference fields in the modern history of art: the method and arduous work of making works of art; the centres of art production, the trade networks and the relations between artists and clients; and the means of viewing art, whether in the context of religious practice, theory or patronage, during the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries.
Review of: Anthony Molho, Ετεροδοξία, Πειθάρχηση, Απόκρυψη στις απαρχές των Νεοτέρων χρόνων. Αναστοχασμοι για μια ευρωπαϊκη παραδοση / Dissent, Discipline, Dissimulation in Early Modern Europe: Reflections on a European Tradition,
Authors: Tagliaferri Viviana
Published: June 2017

The present volume is the reworked text of the 2013 Annual C. Th. Dimaras Lecture given at the National Hellenic Research Foundation by Anthony Molho on the interplay of the historiographical triptych of dissent/ discipline/dissimulation. In particular, the book deals with the theme of dissimulation that the author developed in the narrative of the lecture, giving first its definition and then configuring it as a spread of European practice. He analyses its forms through the exposition of six case studies and concludes with several considerations on the ethic nature of dissimulation in a mass society in which privacy seems to have lost its value.
Four simple recommendations to encourage best practices in research software
Authors: Jiménez Rafael C. , Kuzak Mateusz , Alhamdoosh Monther , Barker Michelle , Batut Bérénice , Borg Mikael , Capella-Gutierrez Salvador , Chue Hong Neil , Cook Martin , Corpas Manuel , Flannery Madison , Garcia Leyla , Gelpí Josep Ll. , Gladman Simon , Goble Carole , González Ferreiro Montserrat , Gonzalez-Beltran Alejandra , Griffin Philippa C. , Grüning Björn , Hagberg Jonas , Holub Petr , Hooft Rob , Ison Jon , Katz Daniel S. , Leskošek Brane , López Gómez Federico , Oliveira Luis J. , Mellor David , Mosbergen Rowland , Mulder Nicola , Perez-Riverol Yasset , Pergl Robert , Pichler Horst , Pope Bernard , Sanz Ferran , Schneider Maria V. , Stodden Victoria , Suchecki Radosław , Svobodová Vařeková Radka , Talvik Harry-Anton , Todorov Ilian , Treloar Andrew , Tyagi Sonika , van Gompel Maarten , Vaughan Daniel , Via Allegra , Wang Xiaochuan , Watson-Haigh Nathan S. , Crouch Steve
Published: June 2017

Scientific research relies on computer software, yet software is not always developed following practices that ensure its quality and sustainability. This manuscript does not aim to propose new software development best practices, but rather to provide simple recommendations that encourage the adoption of existing best practices. Software development best practices promote better quality software, and better quality software improves the reproducibility and reusability of research. These recommendations are designed around Open Source values, and provide practical suggestions that contribute to making research software and its source code more discoverable, reusable and transparent. This manuscript is aimed at developers, but also at organisations, projects, journals and funders that can increase the quality and sustainability of research software by encouraging the adoption of these recommendations.
PROBLEMS OF FORMATION OF THE LEGAL CULTURE OF THE MODERN SOCIETY
Authors: Ахметов Арман , Ahmetov Arman
Published: June 2017

This article analyzes the legal culture of the modern society. The aim of the paper is to select the values of the legal culture of the Republic of Kazakhstan during its development as a democratic state. Special attention is paid to the study of axiological aspects of the legal culture in the process of development of democratic state and formation of civil society. The scientific work was based on a scientific research of Kazakh and foreign authors on nature of law, legal culture, its values in the process of formation of civil society and a state governed by the rule of law. The author believes that legal culture is a phenomenon quite complex and diverse in its internal structure and variety of social relations. The legal culture is not only knowledge of the laws, norms of law and methods of their use, however, and involves them as mandatory elements of the legal system. Legal culture includes awareness and the level of law-enforcement activities in the interests of ensuring and strengthening the rule of law. There are a few conclusions at the end of the article. The author believes that the legal culture is a certain steady state of social consciousness and social practice whish are based on repeated certain activities, the systematic functioning of the various structural elements of the legal system — the law, morality and traditions.
SHARIA COURTS IN THE UK: A PARALLEL LEGAL SYSTEM OR RELIGIOUS ARBITRATION?
Authors: Голованова Наталья , Golovanova Natalya
Published: June 2017

The article deals with the question of the status of Sharia courts in the United Kingdom, acting as a religious arbitration. In total, 85 Sharia courts (councils) with jurisdiction to handle family conflicts and divorces (divorces account for approximately 90%) are currently officially functioning in this country. These courts (councils) are not part of the British legal system and are not subject to judicial review. Some Sharia councils, contrary to English law, discriminate on the basis of sex. The lack of real protection on the part of state structures puts women who are victims of domestic violence at particular disadvantage. Unlike women of other confessions in the UK, a significant part of Muslim women who are in a religious marriage can be divorced only by religious ceremony. Concluding a Sharia marriage in the UK, a Muslim woman receives an Islamic marriage certificate that includes many conditions, but does not contain an item on the right to divorce. Unlike Britain in Muslim countries, such as, for example, Tunisia, Sharia courts for divorce are no longer used, and spouses have equal rights in divorce. The absence of legal provisions of the rights of women participating in the proceedings by agreement of the parties, and numerous instances of discrimination have led to investigations at the level of the British government and the parliament. It was concluded that in the country formed a parallel legal system that violates human rights.
THE LEGISLATION IN THE SPHERE OF COUNTERACTION OF CORRUPTION: RUSSIA AND CHINA (COMPARATIVE LEGAL ASPECT)
Authors: Севальнев Вячеслав , Sevalnev Vyacheslav
Published: June 2017

The article considers the actual issues of combating corruption in the Russian Federation and People’s Republic of China. The author conducts a comparative analysis of legislation in the sphere of anti-corruption in Russia and China. The study identified the main approaches in combating corruption in both countries. The author proposes a periodization of the process of formation of anti-corruption legislation in both countries. The author distinguishes three main stages in the development of Russian legislation in the anti-corruption sphere and four stages in the development of similar legislation in China. On the basis of the conducted analysis the author concludes that the anti-corruption legislation of Russia and China, mostly already formed, however, within the legal framework of China, unlike Russia, has not yet been adopted the basic anti-corruption legislative act. The author also notes that in China in anti-corruption legislation widely use a subordinate rule-making and regulations of innerparty character, which can be attributed to regulations at national level, in Russia anti-corruption legislation is divided into the Federal normative legal acts, laws and other normative legal acts of bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipal legal acts. The author also notes that PRC authorities in addition to legislative procedures widely use the program to search and return “runaway” officials. This approach is really interesting for the relevant Russian bodies, such as the Federal financial monitoring service and requires further scientific understanding to explore the possibility of using in Russian legal space and law enforcement.
IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS UNDERTAKEN MEMBER STATES WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION
Authors: Морозов Андрей , Morozov Andrey
Published: June 2017

The article explores the issues related to the fulfillment of international obligations accepted by the member states within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union, on the basis of an analysis of international legal and domestic legal acts.
The purpose of the article is to develop scientifically grounded recommendations and proposals on improving the legal mechanisms for the fulfillment by Member States of international obligations arising from international legal acts operating within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union.
Tasks of the article: analysis of the provisions of the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union of May 29, 2014, concerning the application and implementation of decisions adopted by the bodies of the Eurasian Economic Union; an analysis of the regulatory legal acts of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union affecting the implementation of international obligations arising from international treaties and decisions of international organizations; comparative legal analysis of the provisions of the constitutions of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union on the place of international treaties in national legal systems; development of proposals on the improvement of legal mechanisms for the implementation of international obligations adopted within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union.
Among the methods used in the preparation of the article, it is necessary to distinguish the dialectical method, the philosophical method, the formal logical method, the system-structural method, the historical method, the formal legal method, the method of interpreting the law, the comparative legal method, the method of expert appraisal, the method Legal modeling and forecasting.
In the article, based on the results of the study of international legal acts, legislative and by-laws of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union, as well as scientific developments, proposals were made to improve the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of fulfilling international obligations, the source of which are decisions of international organizations, including the Eurasian Economic Union.
THE PILOT JUDGMENT PROCEDURE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS: LEGAL NATURE AND CONTENT
Authors: Оганесян Тигран , Oganesyan Tigran
Published: June 2017

This article is devoted to analysis of the legal nature and essence of the procedure of pilot judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. The article contains the reviews and ratings ECtHR judges and scholars regarding the procedure of the pilot judgments. The author examines the terminology used in the framework of the pilot judgment procedure, taking into account the views of other researchers on the definition of a pilot judgment and other phenomena that are contained in the procedure for pilot judgments. Among the objectives of the pilot judgment procedure, the author focuses on ensuring effective execution of court decisions in the future by specifying by ECtHR for the states the defendants to an effective remedy for structural or systemic problems. In addition, the author considers such a category as “quasipilot” judgments in which the ECtHR expresses concerns about the systemic problem identified in the legal system of the respondent state, however, does not mandate or oblige to take measures of a general nature. The article also analyses the constituent elements of the procedure of pilot judgments, assesses the effectiveness of pilot judgment procedure, with reference to separate submitted to the pilot judgments of the European Court. It is noted that the elements of a pilot judgment are uncertain, since it formed and is enshrined in various regulations. In the final part of the article it is noted that there is a need and the need for further improvement and regulation of standards, regulations that would fully reveal the essence of the paradigm of the development procedure. The author notes that the development of the pilot judgment procedure can be possible for the study and in subsequent application developments for improving the procedure for pilot judgments.
Social support as a determinant of life satisfaction in pregnant women and women after surgical delivery
Authors: Gebuza Grażyna , Kaźmierczak Marzena , Mieczkowska Estera , Gierszewska Małgorzata
Published: June 2017

Cel pracy

Celem badania było ustalenie czy wsparcie społeczne otrzymane przez kobiety w III trymestrze ciąży i okresie poporodowym różni się istotnie ze względu na metodę zakończenia ciąży oraz czy istnieje różnica w zadowoleniu z życia badanych kobiet.

Metoda

W badaniu brało udział 195 kobiet w trzecim trymestrze ciąży i 182 tych samych kobiet po porodzie. Wykorzystano Berlińską Skalę Otrzymanego Wsparcia Społecznego BSSS oraz Skalę Zadowolenia z Życia SWLS.

Wyniki

Już w trzecim trymestrze ciąży kobiety, którym wykonano później cięcie cesarskie otrzymały istotnie więcej każdego rodzaju wsparcia społecznego niż kobiety, które rodziły fizjologicznie. W okresie poporodowym, kobiety po cięciu cesarskim otrzymały istotnie więcej tylko wsparcia instrumentalnego. Nie stwierdzono różnicy istotnej statystycznie w zadowoleniu z życia w badanych grupach kobiet.

Wnioski

Wyniki tego badania wskazują, że cięcie cesarskie nie zapewnia lepszego zadowolenia z życia. Wsparcie instrumentalne odgrywa istotną rolę w zaspokajaniu opiekuńczych potrzeb kobiet po cięciu cesarskim w okresie połogu. To badanie pokazuje jakiego wsparcia potrzebują kobiety, wskazuje również na znaczącą rolę ojców podczas narodzin dziecka.
The Effect of Retail Distribution on Sales of Alcoholic Beverages
Authors: Friberg Richard , Sanctuary Mark
Published: June 2017

We use monthly sales of all wines, beer, and spirits sold between 2006 and 2011 by Sweden’s retail monopoly on alcohol to estimate the causal effect of retail distribution on market share by volume at the product level. Products are defined at the level of the stock-keeping unit. Two institutional features are key to identifying the causal effect: First, the monopolist uses four levels of retail distribution; a change in retail distribution is therefore associated with a discrete shift in the number of stores that carry a product in a given month. Second, the retailer is legally bound and monitored by the European Union to ensure that it acts in a non-discriminatory manner with all its suppliers. These features allow us to rule out many possible confounding factors in estimating the effect of distribution on sales volume. We find large and statistically significant effects from changes in retail distribution on market share by volume across all levels of retail distribution. The associated volume elasticity of retail distribution is convex; the wider the retail distribution the greater the marginal volume increase from further widening. In this market, wider distribution means reaching stores with successively smaller assortment. Our results indicate that the smaller assortment in smaller stores, coupled with a low resistance to compromise, is the main reason for the convex pattern. In other words, convexity appears to be generated by products achieving “a larger share of a smaller pie” as retail distribution expands.

Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2017.1038 .
Can We Trust Online Physician Ratings? Evidence from Cardiac Surgeons in Florida
Authors: Lu Susan F. , Rui Huaxia
Published: June 2017

Despite heated debate about the pros and cons of online physician ratings, little systematic work has examined the correlation between physicians’ online ratings and their actual medical quality. Using the ratings of cardiac surgeons at RateMDs and the patient outcomes of coronary artery bypass graft surgeries in the 2013 Florida Hospital Inpatient Discharge Data, we investigate whether online ratings are informative about physicians’ medical quality. To account for potentially nonrandom matchings of patients of different severity levels to surgeons of different rating categories, we focus on patients who arrived through the emergency department and explicitly consider how observed and unobserved patient health conditions jointly affect the matching arrangements and surgical outcomes. Both reduced form and two-stage estimation results show that, compared with surgeons rated four stars or higher, or those without rating information, lower rated surgeons are associated with significantly higher in-hospital mortality rates. Our findings suggest that online physician ratings could be a valuable information source for patients to learn about physician quality, at least for cardiac surgeons, a specialty for which treatment outcomes are relatively observable to patients and their family members.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2741 .

This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.
Efficient Ignorance: Information Heterogeneity in a Queue
Authors: Hu Ming , Li Yang , Wang Jianfu
Published: June 2017

How would the growing prevalence of real-time delay information affect a service system? We consider a single-server queueing system where customers arrive according to a Poisson process and the service time follows an exponential distribution. There are two streams of customers, one informed about real-time delay and the other uninformed. The customers’ uninformed behavior may be due to information ignorance or rational behavior in the presence of an information fee. We characterize the equilibrium behavior of customers with information heterogeneity and investigate how the presence of a larger fraction of informed customers affects the system performance measures, i.e., throughput and social welfare. We show that the effects of growing information prevalence on system performance measures are determined by the equilibrium joining behavior of uninformed customers. Perhaps surprisingly, we find that throughput and social welfare can be unimodal in the fraction of informed customers. In other words, some amount of information heterogeneity in the population can lead to more efficient outcomes, in terms of the system throughput or social welfare, than information homogeneity. For example, under a very mild condition, throughput in a system with an offered load of 1 will always suffer if there are more than 58% of informed customers in the population. Moreover, it is shown that for an overloaded system with offered load sufficiently higher than 1, social welfare always reaches its maximum when some fraction of customers is uninformed of the congestion level in real time.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2747 .

This paper was accepted by Gad Allon, operations management.
OM Forum—Three Simple Approaches for Young Scholars to Identify Relevant and Novel Research Topics in Operations Management
Authors: Tang Christopher S.
Published: June 2017

The revolution in information technology has provided the research community in operations management (OM) with new areas to explore and many new avenues to develop. In recognition of this, many editors of OM journals strive to publish new ideas. These two forces generate strong motivation, but many young OM scholars find it difficult to find new OM research ideas. To address this challenge, I describe three simple thought processes (or approaches) that I have learned and used to identify new research topics over the last 35 years. These approaches are as follows: (1) observe and learn to develop “problem-based” research, (2) ask “whys” to develop “phenomenon-based” research, and (3) sketch graphs to develop “insight-based” research. Clearly, these simple approaches are neither complete nor optimal; however, I share these personal thought processes with the hope of contributing to discussions as to how the next generation of OM researchers can build upon and expand the remarkable impact that our field has had and will continue to have.
How Much Do Industry, Corporation, and Business Matter, Really? A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vanneste Bart S.
Published: June 2017

The academic field of strategy seeks to explain differences in firm performance. A consensus exists that industry, corporate, and business effects together account for most performance differences, but there is debate over how much each factor explains. Previous studies have used three different effect size measures: sum of squares, variance, or standard deviation. These measures yield different results for a given sample, which precludes direct comparison. Using simulation analysis, I show that the sum-of-squares measure is sensitive to sample dimensions (e.g., the number of industries, the number of businesses per industry). Using 25 samples from nine studies (N = 212,112), I find that this sensitivity is strong in practice: knowing only the dimensions of a sample is sufficient to predict well the sum-of-squares measure. A meta-analysis is conducted using the variance and standard deviation measures instead (18 samples from 16 studies, N = 225,183). With the variance measure, the effect sizes are 0.08 for industry, 0.14 for corporate, and 0.36 for business; effect sizes with the standard deviation measure are 0.28 for industry, 0.36 for corporate, and 0.59 for business. Thus business effects have about twice the explanatory power of corporate effects, and corporate effects explain somewhat more than do industry effects.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2017.0029 .
Evolving Definitions of Autism and Impact on Eligibility for Developmental Disability Services: California Case Example
Authors: Williams Marian E. , Wheeler Barbara Y. , Linder Lisa , Jacobs Robert A.
Published: June 2017

When establishing eligibility for developmental disability (DD) services, definitions of specific diagnostic conditions, such as autism, impact policy. Under the Medicaid home and community-based waiver program, states have discretion in determining specific program or service eligibility criteria, the nature of supports to be provided, and the number of individuals to be served. Individuals with DD, their families, and advocates have pushed to expand eligibility and improve the quality of services and supports received. This article uses a California legal case to explore the impact on individuals seeking eligibility for DD services when states rely on evolving diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder. Recommendations are made for a more equitable and consistent approach to disability eligibility determination.
RETRACTED: Optimal DNA structure of reverse-hairpin beacons for label-free and positive surface enhanced Raman scattering assays
Authors: Ki Jisun , Kim Jinyoung , Han SEeungmin , Jang Eunji , Lee Taeksu , Wi Jung-Sub , Lee Tae Geol , Na Woonsung , Song Daesub , Haam Seungjoo
Published: June 2017

We developed a label-free and positive-readout surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) assay using reverse-hairpin molecular beacons (RHBs) for the detection of RNA genetic markers associated with a high pathogenicity influenza (HPAI) virus. The structure of RHBs flexibly changed from a linear configuration (open state) to hairpin (closed state) upon targeting, such that the Raman label was closed on the SERS substrate and induced an increase of SERS intensity (OFF-to-ON). By improving sequence-specific RNA/DNA hybridization efficiency, we adjusted the stem-loop ratio of RHB, which was efficient at values of less than 1. The optimized RHBs exhibited dramatic changes in signal based on a fluorescence system in which the target was present. We demonstrated that the OFF-to-ON SERS system using RHB immobilized on silver-coated gold nanobowls permitted rapid hybridization. This proof-of-concept could provide a potential diagnostic tool for point-of-care influenza virus detection.
‘Delightfully depressing’: Death/doom metal music world and the emotional responses of the fan
Authors: Yavuz M. Selim
Published: June 2017

Death/doom metal music, from both sides of the name, usually occupies itself with the darker spectrum of human emotion. Depression, melancholy and death are common themes in the music and in the reception of this music from an outsider point of view. In line with symbolic interactionism, these emotional responses differ significantly when they originate from a well-socialized member of this music world. This suggests that one may think of emotional responses as conventions of a music world. Common responses provide an emotional repertoire for members, and furthermore they become an adhesive for the community. In this article, I discuss my research of the fans of death/doom metal and explore the ways in which the fan responds to the music while contemplating on how death/doom functions in the lives of these fans.
Textural applications of power chords in Scandinavian death metal
Authors: Kazdan Alanna
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this research is to explore a concretely analytical approach to power chords and harmonic structure in Scandinavian death metal. While often approached from sociological or anthropological perspectives, traditional music theory tends to be overlooked in the study of metal. While many harmonic progressions in death metal do err on the side of being more simplistic in nature, the textural changes and unexpected harmonic shifts help to create recognizable idioms of the genre. Using thorough harmonic and melodic analyses of Viking metal, melodic death metal and folk metal examples, conclusions can be drawn about the similarities and differences in power chord usage throughout them. There are also definite links between Western art music and death metal, most notably in harmonic function, form and manipulation of texture for a desired effect. Distinct emphasis on virtuosity and soloistic playing is also characteristic of death metal, which is where it diverts from similarities to Rock and other pop genres, despite their shared superficial harmonic simplicity. This project provides insight into how power chords in context are used to create the quintessential ‘metal’ sound and how the genre thrives off of subtle alterations to the listener’s expectations of traditional tonal harmony. Harmonic analyses focussing on the use of power chords and resultant textural changes show that consistent compositional idioms of metal can be isolated across Scandinavian subgenres and will ultimately provide a basis for further analytical research.
Female rhetoric: Identity, persona and the academic and popular divide in the (cultural and critical) study of metal
Authors: Porrovecchio Mark J.
Published: June 2017

There has been a substantial amount of productive scholarship, particularly in the areas of critical and cultural studies, regarding the depictions of women in metal music. At the same time, there remains a divide between this important academic work and those who are popular consumers of metal. This short essay offers a potential middle path between the two. Through the use of interviews with three women involved in creating content related to metal, the author offers a two-part suggestion: (1) that the divide itself might be a matter less of content than of translation and (2) that rhetoric, of the sort practiced in departments of speech communication, could potentially provide another useful option when presenting scholarship to popular audiences.
Book Reviews
Authors: Hagen Ross , Kopanski Reinhard , Kahn-Harris Keith , Zevolli Giuseppe
Published: June 2017

The Death Archives: Mayhem 1984–94, Jørn Stubberud (2016)

London: Ecstatic Peace Library, 256 pp.,

ISBN: 9780997285031, h/bk, £30

 

Zwischen Germanomanie und Antisemitismus. Transformationen Altnordischer Mythologie In Den Metal-Subkulturen, (‘Between Germanomania and Anti-Semitism: Transformations of Norse Mythology in the Metal Subcultures’), Niels Penke and Matthias Teichert (eds) (2016)

Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 216 pp. ISBN: 9783848712755, p/bk, 39.00€

 

Sounds of the Underground: A Cultural, Political and Aesthetic Mapping of Underground and Fringe Music, Stephen Graham (2016)

Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 304 pp.,

ISBN: 978-0-472-11975-2, h/bk, $70

 

England’s Hidden Reverse: A Secret History of the Esoteric Underground, David Keenan (2016)

London: Strange Attractor Press, 446 pp. ISBN: 978-1-907222-17-7, p/bk, £20
Prevención de accidentes por andador en la infancia. Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Torres Lara Ainara , Cervera Gasch Agueda
Published: June 2017

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el uso del andador infantil en menores de 24 meses de vida y establecer diferentes pautas de prevención para los accidentes infantiles relacionados con el andador infantil.Método: Este estudio se basa en una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura utilizando las principales bases de datos nacionales e internacionales como PubMed, Cochrane Plus, Lilacs y Cuiden.Resultados: Se identificaron 1258 artículos. De estos, tras aplicar los criterios de exclusión y realizar el análisis crítico de los artículos se obtuvieron 17 artículos para la realización de la revisión bibliográfica. El principal motivo de exclusión fue el año de publicación. Lilacs fue la base de datos con mayor número de artículos, seguida de PubMed.Conclusión: Numerosas investigaciones han demostrado que los andadores infantiles son un factor de riesgo para producir un accidente infantil. Por tanto, realizar unas adecuadas medidas de prevención y concienciar a los padres sobre los riesgos que conlleva su uso, es el primer paso para disminuir este tipo de lesiones.