bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF BETA-BLOCKERS IN VETIANGINAL THERAPY IN THE CORRECTION OF VIOLATIONS OF THE AMINO ACID SPECTRUM IN PATIENTS WITH UNSTABLE ANGINA WITH CONCOMITANT DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Bohdan Tetiana , Lizogub Viktor , Sobol Viktoriia , Bohdan Viktor
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study: to study the effect of bisoprolol and nebivolol on the spectrum of essential blood plasma AK in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 in order to optimize drug treatment of this pathology in the future.Material and methods. The study involved 70 patients with NA with concomitant DM type 2, which was divided into two groups: group I (37 patients) as part of basic antianginal therapy received bisoprolol, group II (33 patients) received nebivolol. The control group (CG) consisted of 18 healthy individuals. All patients were tested for irreplaceable blood plasma AA by ion exchange liquid chromatography on an automatic analyzer AK T-339 produced by «Microtechna» (Czech Republic, Prague) at the Institute of Biochemistry named after OV Palladin NAMS of Ukraine. The following essential AAs were identified: arginine, valine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, phenylalanine. Examination of patients was performed at the beginning of treatment and after 20 days. Results. It was determined that in patients with NA with concomitant DM type 2 under the influence of antianginal therapy in both groups significantly decreased the total amount of irreplaceable AA compared with control group, indicating an increase in intracellular metabolism as a compensatory response in coronary circulation. It should be noted that in patients of group II, in contrast to patients of group I, under the influence of treatment the level of histidine remained normal. The level of threonine significantly decreased compared to CG and the rate of patients in group I, the level of valine significantly increased compared to pre-treatment, the level of isoleucine significantly decreased compared with CG and with the rate of patients of group I. Importantly, ammonia levels returned to normal under the influence of basic therapy, which included nebivolol.Conclusion. The dynamics of changes in the levels of individual irreplaceable AA blood plasma, due to the mechanisms of their metabolic transformations in patients with NA with concomitant DM type 2 indicates greater effectiveness of nebivolol and the feasibility of its prescription іn complex of a basic antianginal therapy.
Vitamin D, Testosterone, and Thyroid Status in Young Men at Different Seasons
Authors: Bondarenko Vladimir , Goncharova Olga , Minukhin Andriy , Skornyakov Evgeniy
Published: October 2021

There are evidences that seasonal fluctuations in vitamin D levels coincide with annual rhythms of testosterone levels, and hypothyroidism may be a predictor of hypoandrogenism.

The aim of the study was to establish the levels of vitamin D (vit. D), testosterone (T), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (T4f) in young people with pathospermia and normospermia in the spring-summer and autumn-winter periods.

Materials and methods. The data of 58 men aged 23-44 years, who are in a sterile marriage, were analyzed: 24 were examined in the spring-summer period, 34 - in the autumn-winter period. BMI, levels of T, TSH, T4fandvit. Dwere investigated.

Results. In the general group of men, the frequency of D - hypovitaminosis was higher in those examined in the autumn-winter period. Vit D levels were significantly lower with pathospermia than with normospermia. BMI did not significantly affect the level of vit.D in the blood.A direct correlation between vit. D and T in men with patho- and normospermiahas not been established, although such a correlation took place in the general group of the surveyed.

The average TSH values ​​in the group examined in the spring-summer period did not significantly differ in the group with patho- and normospermia, and in those examined in the autumn-winter period, against the background of pathospermia, there was a decrease in T4f values ​​and an increase in TSH. 13.6% of this subgroup had laboratory signs of subclinical hypothyroidism.

Conclusions:

In men of the general group, without taking into account the state of the spermatogenic function of the testicles, examined in the autumn-winter period, there is a significant increase in the frequency of D-hypovitaminosis compared with a similar group of men in whom the level of vitamin D blood was determined in the spring-summer period.

Regardless of the examination period, patients with pathospermia show a decrease in the average levels of vitamin D and testosterone compared to men with normal semen parameters.

The frequency of vitamin D deficiency in patients with pathospermia significantly increases in the autumn-winter period.

Disorders of spermatogenesis in men can be associated with the hypofunctional state of the thyroid gland against the background of the existing deficiency of vitamin D in the autumn-winter period.
HORMONAL AND VEGETATIVE FACTORS OF INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: Shevchuk Sergii , Корчинський Володимир
Published: October 2021

The combination of arterial hypertension (AH) and insulin resistance (IR) significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications. Research objective: Studying indices of carbohydrate metabolism, activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, calcium-regulating hormones, adrenal glucocorticoid function, the condition of the autonomic nervous system and their possible interrelation with hemodynamic parameters in AH patients with different insulin sensitivity. A comprehensive study of hormonal profile was held with use of radio immune method and that of central hemodynamics with use of echocardiography in 72 patients with arterial hypertension stage II, 1-2 degrees, male (mean age – 54.1±3.4 years), with a body mass index up to 30 kg / mІ and verified insulin resistance (IR), in 32 patients of which insulin resistance (IR) was revealed, and in 40 patients its absence was fixed. Insulin resistance was verified by the value of HOMA-IR in excess of 2,77. To assess the condition of the autonomic nervous system, studies of heart rate variability were performed. It is established that patients with hypertension with IR had increased level of plasma renin activity, levels of angiotensin II, cortisol, insulin, parathyroid hormone, decreased parasympathetic and increased sympathetic tonus. According to the results of factor analysis, AH with insulin resistance has a distinctive structure of neurohumoral regulation of the main indicators of central hemodynamics and interhormonal interactions; the direct regulatory effects of angiotensin II, insulin, progesterone, parathyroid hormone on the indicators of central hemodynamics, modulation of presorption action increases. The study not only revealed peculiarities of neurohumoral profiles in patients with hypertension depending on insulin resistance, but also determined distinctive features in structure of the regulatory process of central hemodynamics and interhormonal interactions. This should be taken into account when prescribing antihypertensive therapy.
Anais da XLI Semana Médica da Faculdade de Medicina de Itajubá
Authors: XLI Semana Médica da FMIT
Published: October 2021

A Semana Médica é um tradicional congresso médico-acadêmico realizado na Faculdade de Medicina de Itajubá, organizado pela coordenadoria de Educação Médica do Diretório Acadêmico 8 de Outubro. Neste ano, em sua 41ª edição, serão novamente oferecidas oportunidades únicas de prestigiar renomados palestrantes e apresentar trabalhos de iniciação científica. Nosso compromisso com a divulgação da ciência de qualidade prioriza temas atuais de interesse a acadêmicos e profissionais de toda a área da saúde.
Characteristics of Participants and Nonparticipants in a Blended Internet-Based Physical Activity Trial for Breast and Prostate Cancer Survivors: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: vd Wiel Hester J , Stuiver Martijn M , May Anne M , van Grinsven Susan , Benink Marlou F A , Aaronson Neil K , Oldenburg Hester S A , van der Poel Henk G , van Harten Wim H , Groen Wim G
Published: October 2021

Background

As the number of cancer survivors is increasing, it is important to be able to offer exercise and physical activity (PA)–promoting interventions that are both effective and reasonably accessible. Internet-based interventions are typically less expensive and more accessible alternatives to on-site supervised interventions. Currently, little is known about the characteristics of nonparticipants in PA promotion trials in the cancer survivorship setting, both in general and specifically in trials using internet-supported interventions.

Objective

This study aims to gain insight into the characteristics associated with nonparticipation in a blended internet-based supported intervention trial to promote PA.

Methods

Breast and prostate cancer survivors, 3-36 months after primary curative treatment, were invited to participate in the PABLO trial; this trial compared an internet-based intervention to enhance PA levels, with or without additional support from a physical therapist, to usual care. Participants and nonparticipants were asked to complete a comprehensive questionnaire assessing sociodemographics, fatigue, and health-related quality of life. Baseline data for participants and nonparticipants were compared using the independent Student t test and chi-square test.

Results

The inclusion rate in the trial was 11.03% (137/1242). Of the nonparticipants, 13.95% (154/1104) completed the questionnaire. Participants were more highly educated (P=.04), had a paid job less often (P=.03), and were on sick leave more often (P=.03). They reported less PA per week, both moderate (P=.03) and vigorous (P<.01), before diagnosis and during leisure time (P<.01, effect size [ES]=0.44). They reported a significantly lower stage of change (P≤.01), lower self-efficacy (P<.01, ES=0.61), perceived barriers to PA (P<.01, ES=0.54), and more general fatigue (P<.01, ES=0.60). Participants reported lower health-related quality of life for most domains (ES ranging from 0.34 for mental health to 0.48 for social functioning). No significant differences were found for other sociodemographics, mood state, or attitudes toward or perceived social support for PA.

Conclusions

The participants who self-selected for trial participation reported lower PA levels before diagnosis and a stronger need for support compared with nonparticipants. The trial thus included those patients who might benefit the most from internet-based supportive PA interventions.

Trial Registration

Netherlands trial register NTR6911; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6733
FOCUS mHealth Intervention for Veterans With Serious Mental Illness in an Outpatient Department of Veterans Affairs Setting: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Usability Study
Authors: Buck Benjamin , Nguyen Janelle , Porter Shelan , Ben-Zeev Dror , Reger Greg M
Published: October 2021

Background

Veterans with serious mental illnesses (SMIs) face barriers to accessing in-person evidence-based interventions that improve illness management. Mobile health (mHealth) has been demonstrated to be feasible, acceptable, effective, and engaging among individuals with SMIs in community mental health settings. mHealth for SMIs has not been tested within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).

Objective

This study examines the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of an mHealth intervention for SMI in the context of VA outpatient care.

Methods

A total of 17 veterans with SMIs were enrolled in a 1-month pilot trial of FOCUS, a smartphone-based self-management intervention for SMI. At baseline and posttest, they completed measures examining symptoms and functional recovery. The participants provided qualitative feedback related to the usability and acceptability of the intervention.

Results

Veterans completed on an average of 85.0 (SD 96.1) interactions with FOCUS over the 1-month intervention period. They reported high satisfaction, usability, and acceptability, with nearly all participants (16/17, 94%) reporting that they would recommend the intervention to a fellow veteran. Clinicians consistently reported finding mHealth-related updates useful for informing their care. Qualitative feedback indicated that veterans thought mHealth complemented their existing VA services well and described potential opportunities to adapt FOCUS to specific subpopulations (eg, combat veterans) as well as specific delivery modalities (eg, groups). In the 1-month period, the participants experienced small improvements in self-assessed recovery, auditory hallucinations, and quality of life.

Conclusions

The FOCUS mHealth intervention is feasible, acceptable, and usable among veterans. Future work should develop and examine VA-specific implementation approaches of FOCUS for this population.
Electronic Monitoring Systems for Hand Hygiene: Systematic Review of Technology
Authors: Wang Chaofan , Jiang Weiwei , Yang Kangning , Yu Difeng , Newn Joshua , Sarsenbayeva Zhanna , Goncalves Jorge , Kostakos Vassilis
Published: October 2021

Background

Hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways of preventing health care–associated infections and reducing their transmission. Owing to recent advances in sensing technologies, electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems have been integrated into the daily routines of health care workers to measure their hand hygiene compliance and quality.

Objective

This review aims to summarize the latest technologies adopted in electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems and discuss the capabilities and limitations of these systems.

Methods

A systematic search of PubMed, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library was performed following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Studies were initially screened and assessed independently by the 2 authors, and disagreements between them were further summarized and resolved by discussion with the senior author.

Results

In total, 1035 publications were retrieved by the search queries; of the 1035 papers, 89 (8.60%) fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were retained for review. In summary, 73 studies used electronic monitoring systems to monitor hand hygiene compliance, including application-assisted direct observation (5/73, 7%), camera-assisted observation (10/73, 14%), sensor-assisted observation (29/73, 40%), and real-time locating system (32/73, 44%). A total of 21 studies evaluated hand hygiene quality, consisting of compliance with the World Health Organization 6-step hand hygiene techniques (14/21, 67%) and surface coverage or illumination reduction of fluorescent substances (7/21, 33%).

Conclusions

Electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems face issues of accuracy, data integration, privacy and confidentiality, usability, associated costs, and infrastructure improvements. Moreover, this review found that standardized measurement tools to evaluate system performance are lacking; thus, future research is needed to establish standardized metrics to measure system performance differences among electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems. Furthermore, with sensing technologies and algorithms continually advancing, more research is needed on their implementation to improve system performance and address other hand hygiene–related issues.
Transformation and Evaluation of the MIMIC Database in the OMOP Common Data Model: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Paris Nicolas , Lamer Antoine , Parrot Adrien
Published: October 2021

Background

In the era of big data, the intensive care unit (ICU) is likely to benefit from real-time computer analysis and modeling based on close patient monitoring and electronic health record data. The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) is the first open access database in the ICU domain. Many studies have shown that common data models (CDMs) improve database searching by allowing code, tools, and experience to be shared. The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) CDM is spreading all over the world.

Objective

The objective was to transform MIMIC into an OMOP database and to evaluate the benefits of this transformation for analysts.

Methods

We transformed MIMIC (version 1.4.21) into OMOP format (version 5.3.3.1) through semantic and structural mapping. The structural mapping aimed at moving the MIMIC data into the right place in OMOP, with some data transformations. The mapping was divided into 3 phases: conception, implementation, and evaluation. The conceptual mapping aimed at aligning the MIMIC local terminologies to OMOP's standard ones. It consisted of 3 phases: integration, alignment, and evaluation. A documented, tested, versioned, exemplified, and open repository was set up to support the transformation and improvement of the MIMIC community's source code. The resulting data set was evaluated over a 48-hour datathon.

Results

With an investment of 2 people for 500 hours, 64% of the data items of the 26 MIMIC tables were standardized into the OMOP CDM and 78% of the source concepts mapped to reference terminologies. The model proved its ability to support community contributions and was well received during the datathon, with 160 participants and 15,000 requests executed with a maximum duration of 1 minute.

Conclusions

The resulting MIMIC-OMOP data set is the first MIMIC-OMOP data set available free of charge with real disidentified data ready for replicable intensive care research. This approach can be generalized to any medical field.
Exploring Online Health Reviews to Monitor COVID-19 Public Health Responses in Alabama State Department of Corrections: Case Example
Authors: Valera Pamela , Carmona David , Malarkey Sarah , Sinangil Noah , Owens Madelyn , Lefebre Asia
Published: October 2021

Background

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has devastated incarcerated people throughout the United States.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of a COVID-19 Health Review for Correctional Facilities.

Methods

The COVID-19 Health Review survey for the Department of Corrections was developed in Qualtrics to assess the following: (1) COVID-19 testing, (2) providing personal protective equipment, (3) vaccination procedures, (4) quarantine procedures, (5) COVID-19 mortality rates for inmates, (6) COVID-19 mortality rates for correctional officers and prison staff, (7) COVID-19 infection rates for inmates, (8) COVID-19 infection rates for correctional officers and prison staff, and (9) uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. The estimated time to review the Alabama State Department of Corrections COVID-19 responses on their website and complete the survey items was 45 minutes to 1 hour.

Results

Of the 21 participants who completed the COVID-19 Health Review for Correctional Facilities survey, 48% (n=10) identified as female, 43% (n=9) identified as male, and 10% (n=2) identified as transgender. For race, 29% (n=6) self-identified as Black or African American, 24% (n=5) Asian, 24% (n=5) White, 5% (n=1) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, and 19% (n=4) Other. In addition, 5 respondents self-identified as returning citizens. For COVID-19 review questions, the majority concluded that information on personal protective equipment was “poor” and “very poor,” information on COVID-19 testing was “fair” and above, information on COVID-19 death/infection rates between inmates and staff was “good” and “very good,” and information on vaccinations was “good” and “very good.” There was a significant difference observed (P=.03) between nonreturning citizens and returning citizens regarding the health grade review with respect to available information on COVID-19 infection rates.

Conclusions

COVID-19 health reviews may provide an opportunity for the public to review the COVID-19 responses in correctional settings.
Evaluating Applicant Perceptions of the Impact of Social Media on the 2020-2021 Residency Application Cycle Occurring During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Naaseh Ariana , Thompson Sean , Tohmasi Steven , Wiechmann Warren , Toohey Shannon , Wray Alisa , Boysen-Osborn Megan
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Due to challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic, residency programs in the United States conducted virtual interviews during the 2020-2021 application season. As a result, programs and applicants may have relied more heavily on social media–based communication and dissemination of information.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to determine social media’s impact on residency applicants during an entirely virtual application cycle.

METHODS

An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to 465 eligible 2021 Match applicants at 4 University of California Schools of Medicine in the United States.

RESULTS

A total of 72 participants (15.5% of eligible respondents), applying to 16 specialties, responded. Of those who responded, 53% (n=38) reported following prospective residency accounts on social media, and 89% (n=34) of those respondents were positively or negatively influenced by these accounts. The top three digital methods by which applicants sought information about residency programs included the program website, digital conversations with residents and fellows of that program, and Instagram. Among respondents, 53% (n=38) attended virtual information sessions for prospective programs. A minority of applicants (n=19, 26%) adjusted the number of programs they applied to based on information found on social media, with most (n=14, 74%) increasing the number of programs to which they applied. Survey respondents ranked social media’s effectiveness in allowing applicants to learn about programs at 6.7 (SD 2.1) on a visual analogue scale from 1-10. Most applicants (n=61, 86%) felt that programs should use social media in future application cycles even if they are nonvirtual.

CONCLUSIONS

Social media appears to be an important tool for resident recruitment. Future studies should seek more information on its effect on later parts of the application cycle and the Match.
Predicting Next-Day Perceived and Physiological Stress of Pregnant Women Using Machine Learning and Explainability: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Ng Ada , Wei Boyang , Jain Jaya , Ward Erin , Tandon Darius , Moskowitz Judith , Krogh-Jespersen Sheila , Wakschlag Lauren S , Ashurafa Nabil
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based interventions are effective in reducing prenatal stress, which can have severe adverse health effects on mother and newborn if unaddressed. Predicting next-day physiologic or perceived stress can help to inform and enable preemptive interventions for a likely physiologically and/or perceptibly stressful day. Machine learning models are useful tools that can be developed to predict next-day physiologic and perceived stress using data collected the previous day. Such models can improve our understanding of the specific factors that predict physiologic and perceived stress and will also allow researchers to develop systems that collect selected features for assessment for clinical trials in order to minimize the burden of data collection.

OBJECTIVE

To build and evaluate a machine-learned model that predicts next-day physiologic and perceived stress using sensor-based, ecological momentary assessment (EMA)-based, and intervention-based features and to explain the prediction results.

METHODS

We enrolled pregnant women into a prospective proof-of-concept study and collected electrocardiography, EMA, and CBT intervention data over 12 weeks. We used the data to train and evaluate six machine learning models to predict next-day physiologic and perceived stress. After selecting the best performing model, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to identify feature importance and explainability of each feature.

RESULTS

A total of 16 pregnant women enrolled in the study. Overall, 4157.18 hours of data were collected, and participants answered 2838 EMAs. After applying feature selection, 8 and 10 features were found to positively predict next-day physiologic and perceived stress, respectively. A random forest classifier performed the best in predicting next-day physiologic (F1-score 0.84) and next-day perceived stress (F1-score 0.74) using all features. While any subset of sensor-based, EMA-based, and/or intervention-based features could reliably predict next-day physiologic stress, EMA-based features were necessary to predict next-day perceived stress. Analysis of explainability metrics showed that prolonged duration of physiologic stress was highly predictive of next-day physiologic stress and that physiologic stress and perceived stress were temporally divergent.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study we were able to build interpretable machine learning models to predict next-day physiologic and perceived stress, and we identify unique features that were highly predictive of next-day stress that can help reduce the burden of data collection.
Creative and Innovative Education-Based Free Illiteracy Cottage: An Effoert to Eradicate Illiteracy Among Suku Anak Dalam in Batanghari Regency
Authors: Handayani Reli , Saharudin Saharudin , Amanah Siti
Published: October 2021

Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) in Kotoboyo Village, Batanghari Regency is an isolated community group that is currently in a transition phase towards modern life. Guided Village Service activities are carried out to bridge the transition process by providing creative and innovative education-based learning facilities to improve their quality of life. This service is aimed to foster and teach the importance of science by developing the ability to read and write. Therefore, this service establishes the illiterate-free cottage and education group as a means of creative and innovative learning. The learning process involves creating appropriate teaching aids and modules so they can be easily accepted by the target children. In the end, this creative and innovative education-based learning succeeded in increasing cognitive knowledge and learning motivation. Foster children who initially did not know letters and numbers become able to recognize and even write letters and numbers even though they are still in the initial stages. For families and parents of Suku Anak Dalam, the service team finally managed to direct them to actively participate in learning activities and have insight into healthy and clean lives. Many children have also understood the importance of hygiene so that the lives of the inner tribe children are expected to be better.
Head Circumference Profile of Infants Aged 9–15 Months Related to Intelligence in Sukabumi and Cirebon
Authors: Madyasari Safira Kansa , Dhamayanti Meita , Handayani Dini Saraswati , Gumilang Lani , Elba Fardila
Published: October 2021

Golden period is any child's period needing attention for their growth, and it would cause permanent damages if not utilized well. Early detection of an infant’s growth needs to be implemented with anthropometric measurements, Head Circumference (HC) as one of the nutritional status references. HC correlates with brain volume, and it indicates an infant's intelligence. This study aims to discover the HC measure of infants aged 9-15 months related to their intelligence in the Sukabumi City and Cirebon Regency. The design of this study was a non-experimental quantitative design with a descriptive study approach and cross- sectional method. The data were taken by measuring the infants’ HC directly and interviewing infants’ mothers. The results of the examination were confirmed and classified based on WHO charts, namely the z-score chart. The results showed that the HC status of most of the infants (86.36%) in Sukabumi City and Cirebon Regency could be categorized in the normal category. The results of the study were mostly in good HC status, but so me infants had growth problems, such as 13.64% of infants were included in microcephaly based on head circumference according to age that could have been caused by various factors such as nutrition, and this may be able to affect the intelligence of these children in the future.
Improving Adolescent Mental Health Development through Therapeutic Group Therapy in Saint Beatrix Orphanage, Sidoarjo
Authors: Cempaka Anindya Arum , Aryanti Putu Indraswari
Published: October 2021

Adolescents who live at an orphanage may be at risk of mental disorders among adolescents. As adolescent orphans usually have bad memories, therapeutic groups are alternatives to overcome this issue. A civic engagement program was conducted to tackle development issues in adolescents as it performed a therapeutic approach with their peers. This program involved twenty-one female adolescents in Saint Beatrix orphanage Sidoarjo. They took a pre-test, which indicated a low level of knowledge about adolescent development. Group therapy was conducted in seven sessions, each of which took an hour. In the evaluation stage, questionnaires were distributed to test the adolescents’ knowledge about adolescent development. After conducting the therapeutic group therapy, it showed that adolescents’ knowledge about the development stages and their challenges improved. Based on the result of the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test, it's known that p-value = 0,000 with (ɑ<0.05), which means therapeutic group therapy may enhance knowledge about adolescent development stages to promote a healthy lifestyle in adolescents
Notes sur la dècontextualisation littèraire. Quelques perspectives contemporaines
Authors: Bessière Jean
Published: October 2021

L’oeuvre littéraire, parce qu’elle est de l’écrit, parce qu’elle suppose une lecture différée, est décontextualisée. Cela est de l’ordre de l’évidence. Cela se sait. L’insistance mise par la critique contemporaine à noter le fait de la décontextualisation constituerait, dans ces conditions, moins une originalité qu’elle ne traduirait le souci qu’a la critique contemporaine de justifier l’oeuvre littéraire pour elle-même, en faisant jouer deux types de références théoriques: l’un qui renvoie au schéma communicationnel, l’autre qui renvoie à la notation d’une autonomie et d'une spécificité de l’oeuvre ou de l’expérience littéraires. La notation de la décontextualisation reste ainsi une notation ambivalente. L’impropriété quelconque autorise le report de l’oeuvre sur un contexte fort ou sur un contexte faible.
Configuraciones descriptivas: articulaciones simbólicas e ideológicas en la narrativa de ficción
Authors: Pimentel Luz Aurora
Published: October 2021

Luz Aurora Pimentel hace un trabajo sobre de la descripción como un fenómeno de expansión textual, en donde el narrador-descriptor se ve obligado a poner coto al inventario sin fin, que de otro modo podría ser una descripción, con la ayuda de modelos de organización suplementarios que den la ilusión de que los límites son inherentes al objeto descrito y no a la forma de organización elegida. Las secuencias descriptivas textualmente discontinuas, organizadas en torno a temas descriptivos diferentes son generadoras de importantes significados narrativos que, con frecuencia, permiten las más variadas articulaciones ideológicas y simbólicas en un texto narrativo.
La figura emblemática de la melancolía en El sueño de Sor Juana
Authors: Alcázar Jorge
Published: October 2021

En este ensayo, el autor hace un estudio sobre el origen de la representación de la melancolía en El sueño de Sor Juana. Sor Juana hace referencia a la estructura medieval del ser humano, que se divide en tres partes: a) el alma vegetativa, b) el alma sensible y c) el alma racional. Según la teoría de los humores a la melancolía se le puede identificar como un dulce sueño de los sentidos, tal como hace el alma en El sueño. Octavio Paz asocia El sueño con la Melancolía I de Alberto Durero porque el tema de ambas obras es el mismo: "la contemplación de la naturaleza y la desazón del espíritu al no poder transformar esa contemplación en forma o idea".
Borges y Toledo: zoología fantástica
Authors: González Mateos Adriana
Published: October 2021

Adriana González Mateos hace un estudio acerca de la colaboración de Francisco Toledo en el Manual de zoología fantástica de Jorge Luis Borges y Margarita Guerrero. En 1957 Borges publicó El libro de los seres imaginarios. Se trata de un recuento de los animales fantásticos que han atravesado la mitología, la leyenda y la literatura, pero también las páginas de naturalistas, filósofos o científicos que llegaron a creerlos reales. En 1984, para celebrar sus cincuenta años de existencia, el Fondo de Cultura Económica decidió publicar una edición de lujo de aquella obra y encargó a Francisco Toledo la tarea de ilustrarla.
Hacia una nueva percepción del espacio urbano: la ciudad como extrañamiento y como nostalgia
Authors: Zubiaurre-Wagner María Teresa
Published: October 2021

En este trabajo, la autora hace una revisión de uno de los temas espaciales más recurrentes de la novela: la geografía urbana. Ésta no sólo se representa en oposición al ámbito rural sino como entidad autónoma dispuesta a reconstruir en el texto la peculiar idiosincrasia de la metrópolis moderna y postmoderna. Las ciudades significan, pero lo hacen siempre dentro de una arraigada tradición histórico-cultural que crea y alimenta sus propios tópicos o «clichés,» y que sólo lentamente los abandona y sustituye por otros. Poco a poco la ciudad de la literatura va escribiendo su historia y enriqueciendo su colección de estereotipos espaciales.
Questioning Paradigms of Social Reality through Postmodern Intertextuality
Authors: De Valdés María Elena
Published: October 2021

María Elena de Valdés does an analysis about an important part of the postmodern movement: the questioning of legitimizing authority with a concomitant surge in writing from the previously marginalized sectors of society. In postmodern literature the writing is an exploration of the implicit, the testing of authority and the accepted and, finally, the cultivation of the creative metaphor as a paradigm for creation out of conflict. Postmodern art in all its manifestations is always pointing out difference, differences within any grouping, differences made visible by positioning of the singular in relation to the others.
Analysis of Expansion Joint - A Case Study
Authors: Subramaniam Prof. P R
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Automotive, Aerospace, Pipeline industries widely use Bellows. Different types of bellows are used in these industries. The bellows are used for contraction or expansion applications. Repeated variable pressure loading and displacement on Metallic bellows joints results in bellows failure. This paper is a comprehensive modeling and analysis of an axial type exhaust metallic bellow due to varying pressure load and circumferential and radial displacement. All analysis completed using ANSYS software considering variable pressure load and cylindrical displacement as a boundary condition and perused the consequences. Stress distribution in the conditions of Case (i) variable pressure load and Case (ii) displacement are obtained. Keywords: ANSYS, FE Bellows, Finite Element Analysis, Bellow Failures
Gate Set Tomography
Authors: Nielsen Erik , Gamble John King , Rudinger Kenneth , Scholten Travis , Young Kevin , Blume-Kohout Robin
Published: October 2021

Gate set tomography (GST) is a protocol for detailed, predictive characterization of logic operations (gates) on quantum computing processors. Early versions of GST emerged around 2012-13, and since then it has been refined, demonstrated, and used in a large number of experiments. This paper presents the foundations of GST in comprehensive detail. The most important feature of GST, compared to older state and process tomography protocols, is that it is calibration-free. GST does not rely on pre-calibrated state preparations and measurements. Instead, it characterizes all the operations in a gate set simultaneously and self-consistently, relative to each other. Long sequence GST can estimate gates with very high precision and efficiency, achieving Heisenberg scaling in regimes of practical interest. In this paper, we cover GST's intellectual history, the techniques and experiments used to achieve its intended purpose, data analysis, gauge freedom and fixing, error bars, and the interpretation of gauge-fixed estimates of gate sets. Our focus is fundamental mathematical aspects of GST, rather than implementation details, but we touch on some of the foundational algorithmic tricks used in the pyGSTi implementation.
Diseño y construcción de un ecosistema digital: estrategias para articular la información y la formación policial
Authors:   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, Cárdenas Peña Oscar Andrés
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo expone los resultados del proyecto orientado a la construcción de un ecosistema digital, para la consolidación y unificación de la información sobre los procesos y servicios formativos de la Dirección Nacional de Escuelas (DINAE) de la Policía Nacional de Colombia. El objetivo fue definir la estructura pertinente para la elaboración y desarrollo de este entorno, a partir de un diagnóstico con estudiantes, profesores, directivos y padres de familia como potenciales usuarios de los medios tecnológicos de las escuelas. En los resultados se encontró que el diseño del ecosistema renovó la gestión tecnológica de la institución, así como los procesos operacionales y la administración del servicio al cliente interno. De igual manera, se logró la convergencia de ocho componentes alojados en el portal educativo, permitiendo una mejor integración y articulación dentro del apoyo académico ofrecido. A partir de ahí, las tecnologías surgen como un soporte para las buenas prácticas de información, participación, colaboración, búsqueda y construcción de canales de comunicación más eficaces.
Belarus’ external debt in the context of the pandemic and ways to resolve it
Authors: Gracheva Anna D. , Miroshina Elena A.
Published: October 2021

The changes in the amount of the external debt of Belarus depending on various factors are analyzed. The study found that the consequences of the epidemic COVID-19 had a significant impact on the increase in the amount of external debt. In addition, political protests against the government have a special weight in the reasons for the growth of Belarus external debt, since their consequences significantly reduced the level of confidence on the part of foreign investors, which led to a fall in the ruble. The role of foreign countries as the main creditors in the external debt of Belarus, as well as in the economy of Belarus as a whole is examined, and the importance of the Belarusian friendship with Russia is considered. In conclusion, an assessment of the structure of the Belarusian economy and methods of its regulation is carried out, and then possible ways of settling the Belarusian debt are presented.
Legal services global market: current state and development prospects
Authors: Yastrebov Oleg A. , Tinkova Arina A.
Published: October 2021

The article answers the question: what are the distinctive features of the global legal services market in the context of globalization, as well as what place and role it occupies in international trade and trade policy? The study is divided into 3 parts. The first part structures the main theoretical aspects concerning the legal services world market: the concept and classification of legal services, forms and methods of international trade in legal services. The second part analyzes the market indicators of the global legal services market, characterizes the main problems and trends in its development. The place and role of Russia in the global legal services market are revealed. The third part deals with the foreign trade policy issues, mechanisms for protecting the internal market. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the Services Trade Restrictiveness Index for legal services. The mechanism of countries foreign trade policies influence on the British legal services sector is illustrated in the context of Brexit.
Trade facilitation: definition and current significance for economic development of Russia
Authors: Nenadyshina Tatiana S.
Published: October 2021

At the present stage of the functioning of the multilateral trading system there is an increasing need to find new approaches to the development and facilitation of trade other than the reduction of tariff and non-tariff barriers. Trade facilitation is the field of activity of many international organizations, it is recognized as an effective tool for promoting economic development and capacity building both at the level of an individual state, and within integration associations and regions, which, due to their geographic location have close political and economic ties. The areas targeted by trade facilitation measures are diverse and have evolved over time. This has led to the fact that the concept of trade facilitation does not have a specific applied characteristic, as well as a generally accepted framework for the implementation of initiatives in this area, which undoubtedly deserves scientific attention. This approaches to interpretation of trade facilitation term in Russian practice are described. Also were hold the analyses of considering term definitions, which were defined by international organizations in accordance with their scope of work and those, which are proposed by scientists. The main approaches to understanding of considering term were exposed, that make possible to characterize the essence and main directions of trade facilitation measures implementation. The feasible economical profits of implementing initiations in field of trade facilitation in framework of international trade both from supply and demand are described. In addition, the main perspectives of trade facilitation measures for different participants of international trade were systematized. In conclusion, defined authors approach for understanding of trade facilitation term concerning the interests of Russia in this sphere. The author identified the most relevant vectors for the implementation of measures to facilitate trade procedures, which reflect the current directions for the implementation of the economic policy of the Russian Federation, as well as ensure the creation and maintenance of a favorable business environment to stimulate the development of foreign economic activity and foreign trade.
Contribution of Lionel Robbins’ essay to economic psychology
Authors: Tileva Ivet
Published: October 2021

Nowadays economic psychology is a field of science that has serious potential to compete classical economic theories. Many contemporary authors are interested in the discipline which is proved by the variety of emerging branches of economic psychology. Some of them are economists, other psychologists, but a small percentage of them have both economic and psychological education. This pattern explains some serious misunderstandings in the scientific literature in the field. The lack of understanding of both sciences at the same time leads to extremes in the conclusions, which in turn are not accepted as universally valid by economists and psychologists. Мoreover, the literature on the subject written by economists and psychologists seems very different. Economists attach more importance to the results of economic choice, while psychologists analyze primarily the causes for it. However, the connection between the two disciplines is indisputable. Despite the variety of branches of economic psychology, it is worth paying attention to the first work in the field written by an economist, which gives fundamental answers that modern scientists seem to miss. Lionel Robbins essay represents an extraordinary balance between the economic and the psychological issues, united in an ideal symbiosis.
Determination of total phenolic, flavonoids and antioxidant activity in Calligonum polygonoides L. from Thar Desert
Authors:   ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334 006, India, Berwal M.K. , Haldhar S.M. ,   ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334 006, India, Ram C. ,   ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334 006, India, Saroj P.L. ,   ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334 006, India
Published: October 2021

Aim: The aim of the study was Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds, total flavonoides content and antioxidant potential of flower buds, foliages, bark and root of a perennial herb, Calligonum polygonoides (Phog) of Thar Desert. Methodology: The methanolic extracts of different plant parts of C. polygonoides were subjected to LC-MS/MS (Waters Acquity UPLC-PDA, TQD) analysis for phenolic identification and spectrophotometric assay of total phenolic and flavonoids content and total antioxidant activity was estimated. Results: A total of 15 phenolic compounds were identified and quantified, among which gallic acid content was abundant, followed by catechin. Besides these, the other major phenolic compounds detected in different plant parts were vanillic, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, coumeric acid, catechol, vanillic acid, epicatechin and syringic acid. Extremely higher values were recorded for total phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity. The values for phenol, flavonoids and total antioxidant activity in bark extracts were higher than that of clove extract. Interpretation: The identified phenolic compounds possess high antioxidant potential. These results provide scientific evidence for use of C. polygonoides as safe natural antioxidant compounds in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industry.
Sialometaplasia necrotizante: presentación de un caso, dificultades de diagnóstico y revisión de la bibliografía
Authors: N Leonardi , D S Cock , G Sambuelli , I G Magaldi , R L Panico
Published: October 2021

La sialometaplasia necrotizante (SN) es una patología estadísticamente infrecuente, benigna, inflamatoria,autolimitante, que afecta predominantemente a las glándulas salivales menores. Su etiología no está clara,la mayoría de los autores sugieren que una lesión química, física o biológica de los vasos sanguíneosproduciría cambios isquémicos, que desencadenaría infarto del tejido glandular con necrosis, inflamacióne intento de reparación. Su aspecto clínico e histológico tiene apariencia de malignidad, pudiendo inducira un diagnóstico erróneo de neoplasia maligna de origen anexial, considerando que la SN se trata de unapatología autoresolutiva, es fundamental realizar un correcto diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico paraevitar tratamientos quirúrgicos innecesarios. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de sexo femeninoque fue derivada al Servicio de Otorrinolaringología (ORL) de la Clínica Universitaria Reina Fabiola condiagnóstico de SN, sus características clínicas, histopatológicas y la evolución de la lesión.