bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Short-time Fabrication of Electrochemical Anodized SnO and SnO2 Nanoparticles: Catalytic Property Enhancement
Authors: Mojar Ali Jabar , Hussein Emad H.
Published: August 2023

In this article, we reported, for the first time, the fabrication of a mixture of tin oxide nanoparticles and porous using low-cost, safe, and short-time electrochemical anodization technique. The nanostructures (NS) were fabricated using pure Sn foil with no need for doping or forming a heterostructure with other materials. For high-efficient catalysts, the dependence of photoactivity on the NS morphology was motivated. Hence, the modification in the surface morphology with the anodization time change was investigated. Consequently, the electrochemical process on the foil was implemented at a constant potential of 8 V for 10, 15, and 20 min. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the tetragonal crystalline structure of SnO and \({\text{S}\text{n}\text{O}}_{2}\). Also, nanoparticles and porous morphologies were observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Furthermore, energy gaps of \({\text{S}\text{n}\text{O}}_{2}\) estimated by fluorescence measurements were found to expand to about 4.14 eV. All the fabricated NS exhibited high degradation efficiency for methylene blue (MB) dye, which was up to 87% after 120 min of solar irradiation. A comparison of the results with other reported findings suggests that the anodized NS are very promoted photocatalysts.
Use of Computed Tomography Coronary Calcium Score for Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in Cancer Patients: A retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Patel Sinal , Franco Francisco X. , McDonald Malcolm , Rivera Carlos , Perez-Villa Bernardo , Collier Patrick , Moudgil Rohit , Gupta Neha , Sadler Diego B.
Published: August 2023

Background:CT- coronary calcium score, is one of the most studied and widely available modalities in cardiovascular medicine. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) is an established predictor of coronary artery disease. The ‘standard of care’ diagnostic modality to measure CACS is ECG-gated Cardiac Multi-Detector Computed Tomography. There is convincing evidence of a strong association between CACS and major cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in asymptomatic individuals. Cancer patients (C) may have a higher risk for CV disease than non-cancer patients (NC) related not only to cancer treatments but also to shared biological factors and pathways. Thus, identifying tools for early detection of CV disease in this population is of utmost importance.
Methods:A retrospective cohort analysis was performed with patients from Cleveland Clinic Florida and Ohio from 2017 to 2021. Patients who had CACS were identified, C who had cancer diagnosis before CACS were matched to age, sex with NC. CV events were compared between cancer and non-cancer patients after their index CACS, and matched control and propensity analysis were conducted.
Results: 10,742 patients had CACS; 703 cancer patients had CACS and were were eligible. Extensive CACS (>400) were significantly higher in cancer, 94 (13.37 %) vs non-cancer patients, 76 (10.83%), P= <0.01.
Furthermore, after propensity matched analysis, CACS > 400 was 14.8 % in C vs 9.6 % in NC, P= <0.05. CV events were similar in both cohorts (p=NS), despite less CV risk factors in cancer patients. (P=<0.05). For the combined moderate (101-400) & extensive (>400) CACS, the prevalence of Stroke and peripheral arterial disease, a marker of systemic atherosclerosis, was significantly higher in patients with cancer (P<0.01).
Conclusions: Despite having fewer CV risk factors in our study, similar CACS in cancer patients are suggestive of a higher prevalence of CV disease independent of traditional risk factors. High CACS and the overall prevalence of vascular events were more frequent in patients with cancer. Higher prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular accident further suggests the increased atherosclerotic burden in C.
Sex-dependent vulnerability for Wistar rats model following intranasal instillation with Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 43816 causing lobar pneumonia.
Authors: Diboue Patrick Hervé Betote , Ndedi Esther Del Florence Moni , Gayap Sonia Raïssa Matchuenkam , Bayengue Sandrine Suzanne Beack , Fifen Rodrigue , Ouedraogo Raogo , Agbor Gabriel A. , Semde Rasmané , Nnanga Nga , Nyegue Maximilienne Ascension
Published: August 2023

Background Klebsiella pneumoniae has become one of the major threats to public health as it causes nosocomial and community-acquired infections like lobar pneumonia. This infection causes acute inflammation in the lung, characterized by the recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells, generating free radicals, and decreasing the endogenous antioxidant balance system. Many experimental studies have focused on the induction, progression and resolution of infection up to its peak, but these documented processes remain highly random and their sex dependence un-elicited. These fluctuations of physiopathological parameters would impact disease progression depending on the animal’s model and bacterial strain used. The present study investigated the sex-dependent vulnerability of Wistar rats to K. pneumoniae ATCC 43816 lobar pneumonia induced by the intranasal instillation method.
Methods Experimental pneumonia was induced by K. pneumoniae ATCC 43816 in male and female Wistar rats following intranasal instillation. The physiopathogenesis of the disease was studied by bacteriological and histopathological exams, histomorphometric analysis of the blood and/or lung tissue, and body weight loss in infected animals. In addition, the overall severity of lesions was determined by the total score obtained by averaging the individual scores from the same group of animals.
Results The K. pneumoniae ATCC 43816 strain showed inoculation dose-, incubation time of the disease- and sex-dependent- differences in its ability to induce lobar pneumonia. Evaluation of different parameters showed that the disease peaked on day 15 post-inoculation, with more pathogenic effects on female rats. This observed sex-dependence difference in Wistar rats was mainly highlighted by the determined lethal dose 50 (LD50), bacterial load count in whole blood and lung tissues, body weight loss, inflammatory granulomas forming and diffuse alveolar damages. The pathogenicity was confirmed by scoring the severity of pathologic lesions of lung tissues.
Conclusions The results obtained highlighted the gender-dependency in the physiopathogenesis processes of K. pneumoniae ATCC 43816 induced-lobar pneumonia, in Wistar rats. Female Wistar rats’ susceptibility is useful in studying pathology and in preclinical trial investigations of new treatments for infectious pneumonia.
Enhanced heterogeneous graph convolutional networks with dual-level attention for aspect-based sentiment analysis
Authors: Zou Haochen , Wang Yongli
Published: August 2023

Aspect-based sentiment analysis aims to analyze the sentimental tendencies of specific aspect terms in the target sentence. With the continuous development of deep learning technology, graph convolutional networks have been widely applied to sentiment analysis tasks and achieved satisfactory results. However, when constructing graph convolutional networks based on text contents, the model considers the contextual words and their interdependent relationships without distinction. Meanwhile, most models are built separately, without fully employing the information of part of speech and dependency relationships in the text dependency parsing. In response to the above issues, we design a heterogeneous graph neural networks model based on dual node-level and type-level attention mechanisms. The heterogeneous information network is embedded into graph convolutional networks for considering the attribute characteristics of different node types. The dual-level attention mechanism can capture both the importance between diverse adjacent nodes and the significance of different node types to the central node. The relationship between aspect terms and sentiment terms is acquired by adjusting the weights of different types of nodes. To address the issue that graph neural networks have difficulty in fully utilizing dependency parsing information, we embedded syntactic and semantic dependency enhancement. By introducing the dependency tree and the dependency parsing into the graph convolutional networks architecture, it can comprehensively model the syntax relationship and analyze the sentence structure, thereby distinguishing the important contextual information. The experimental results on multiple public datasets indicate the effectiveness of the proposed model in aspect-based sentiment analysis.
Investigation of Bonding Strength of Medium Density Fiberboard by Using Ultrasonic Testing
Authors: Xu Zhaojun , Zhang Jing , Wang Yuxuan , Wang Xinzhou , Zhu Nanfeng
Published: August 2023

Medium density fiberboard (MDF) is a widely used wood-based material, where the internal bond strength is a crucial mechanical performance index. Currently, the measurement of internal bond strength is achieved through destructive testing, which has the disadvantages of a complex procedure and a long testing time. This article proposes a model for measuring the dynamic compression modulus of elasticity (DCME) based on elastic dynamics. The model involves attaching a piezoelectric ceramic sheet to each side of the board, one for excitation and the other for response. By measuring the resonance frequency based on the response amplitude change, the DCME can be determined using the proposed model. Results indicated that there is a highly linear correlation between DCME and internal bond strength, with an r-squared value above 0.96. As the DCME increases, the internal bond strength improves, and the internal bond strength can be predicted based on the DCME. The article analyzes the model from the perspectives of acoustic transmission and ultrasonic directional analysis and verifies the correctness of the model through acoustic theory.
Immunoinformatics-Driven Multiepitope Vaccine Targeting Streptococcus mutans for Dental Caries Prevention
Authors: Pangabam Bandana Devi , Naorem Romen Singh , Teli Anju Barhai , Fekete Csaba
Published: August 2023

Streptococcus mutans is a major causative agent of dental caries and associated infections, posing significant challenges in oral healthcare. To develop an effective vaccine against S. mutans, we employed an immunoinformatics approach to identify potential vaccine candidates and design a multiepitope vaccine. The genomes of S. mutans were analyzed, and five core-proteins (PBP2X, PBP2b, MurG, ATP-F, and AGPAT) were selected as vaccine candidates based on antigenicity and conservation. Linear B-cell and T-cell epitopes were predicted from these proteins, and four B-cell epitopes and ten T-cell epitopes were chosen for vaccine construction. The multiepitope vaccine comprised 10 CTL epitopes, 5 HTL epitopes, and 5 linear B-cell epitopes linked with appropriate linkers. A 50S ribosomal L7/L12 protein was used as an adjuvant at the N-terminal. The final vaccine construct exhibited high antigenicity, solubility, and stability. The tertiary structure was modeled using AlphaFold v.2 and refined with GalaxyRefine. The refined 3D model had improved quality scores and structural stability. Molecular docking simulations revealed strong interactions between the vaccine and Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs). In silico immune simulation demonstrated the vaccine's ability to trigger both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. The vaccine design strategy presented here provides a promising platform for developing a potential multiepitope vaccine against S. mutans, offering a novel approach to combat dental caries and associated infections. Further, experimental evaluations should be performed to validate its efficacy and safety as a potential vaccine candidate for dental health.
Reflective boundary conditions coupled with the SPH method for the three-dimensional simulation of fluid-structure interaction with solid boundaries
Authors: Filho Carlos Alberto Dutra Fraga
Published: August 2023

Fluid-structure interaction occurs, for example, in wave impacts against reservoir walls, coastal structures - offshore platforms in the ocean, bridge piers, breakwaters -, in the sloshing phenomenon, tsunamis, coastal flooding, and biomedical applications. In the three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction simulation performed by the Lagrangian (meshfree) particle methods, the treatment of the collisions of the fluid particles against solid boundaries using a realistic reflective physical approach, replacing artificial computational techniques (such as virtual, ghost, mirror, dummy and dynamic particles, and unnatural repulsive forces) is an advance in the treatment of the contours, in the continuum domain. The benchmark study of a three-dimensional dam-break flow over a dry bed generating a wave that impacts a tall structure – a rigid obstacle fixed inside the reservoir – using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method coupled with the reflective boundary conditions is presented in this paper. The numerical results found are in good agreement with the previous literature data, proving the applicability of the reflective boundary technique – and encouraging its implementation – for the simulation of fluid-structure interaction problems in three-dimensional domains.
Reducing cholesterol level in membrane of live macrophages improves their delivery performance by enhancing adaptation to blood shear stress
Authors: Zhang Mengxing , Li Jing , Ji Na , Bao Qixue , Sun Ningyun , Rong Hongding , Peng Xu , Yang Lan , He Shanshan , Lin Qing , Zhang Zhirong , Li Lin , Zhang Ling
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the live cells-based drug delivery systems have attracted much interests. However, shear stress in the blood flow may cause cell death and waken their delivery performances. In this study, we found that reducing cholesterol in macrophages enhanced its tumor targeting ability by more than 2-fold. Mechanism study indicates that the reduced cholesterol in macrophages deactivated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and consequent promoted transcription factor EB (TFEB) nucleus translocation, which enhances the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cells to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by the flow shear stress. A proof-of-concept system using low cholesterol macrophages attached MXene (l-RX) is thus fabricated. On melanoma mice model, tumors are eliminated with no recurrence in all mice after treated with l-RX and laser irradiation. Therefore, we develop a simple and effective way to enhance the targeting performance of macrophage-based drug delivery systems.
Specialist Periodontal Referral Knowledge, Attitude and Practice by General Dental Practitioner in Nepal: A Web-based Questionnaire study
Authors: Rijal Arjun Hari , Humagain Manoj , Lamichhane Simant , Ghimire Pratistha
Published: August 2023

Purpose Dentists can administer periodontal treatment as long as they demonstrate the expertise of a specialist. However, without adequate education and training, there is a risk of harming patients by disregarding ethical principles. To enhance the referral process, it is essential for the patient, referring practitioner, and specialist to establish effective communication and ensure they are well-informed and educated about each other's requirements. The main objective of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitude of general dental practitioners towards specialist periodontal referral. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out for 6 months from October 2022 to April 2023 using a self-administered questionnaire by general dental practitioners registered in Nepal Medical Council. Knowledge and attitude about periodontics, various diseases and referral to specialist for special treatment were analyzed. Results Total of 238 General Dental Practitioners (GDPs) participated in this web-based questionnaire survey. Majority of general dental practitioners (GDPs) reported that they always performed full-mouth and subgingival scaling (193, 81.09%), providing advice on proper brushing techniques (205, 86.13%), advising patients to stop harmful habits (212, 89.07%), and offering diet counseling (122, 51.26%) for patients displaying signs of gingival or periodontal diseases. Majority of GDPs also indicated that they occasionally consult a periodontist for specific periodontal problems, such as the presence of periodontal pockets (143, 60.084%), mobile teeth (150, 63.025%), gingival enlargement (145, 60.924%), periodontal abscess (146, 61.344%), and gingival recession (149, 62.605%). Common procedures performed by periodontists in GDPs' clinics included gingivectomy/gingivoplasty (149, 62.605%), frenectomy/vestibuloplasty (144, 60.504%), crown lengthening (137, 57.563%), and flap surgery (134, 56.302%). Conclusions General dental practitioners play a crucial role as the primary point of contact for patients seeking dental treatment. They are responsible for early diagnosis and treatment of various periodontal problems to prevent their progression to more severe forms. The periodontal health of the general population largely depends on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of GDPs.
Early Clinical Experience in Psychiatry: An analysis of student reflections
Authors: SIDDIQUI Zarrin S
Published: August 2023

BackgroundStudent experiences have a key role in their choice of Psychiatry as a career. Recently there has been a move to provide early clinical experiences which may vary from a day to a week. The purpose of this study was to describe the student experiences of an early clinical placement in Psychiatry at a medical school in Australia.ResultsA qualitative analysis of student reflections in their longitudinal portfolio was undertaken to elicit student’s perceptions of the placement. Five themes emerged which relate to the placement, patient interactions, consulting style, health systems and the intention to choose psychiatry as a career in future.ConclusionEarly clinical placements in Psychiatry when designed carefully provide a meaningful learning experience for medical students as well as may lead to subsequent career choice.
Hydrogenotrophic Methanogenesis at 7-12 mbar by Methanosarcina barkeri under Simulated Martian Atmospheric Conditions
Authors: Harris Rachel L , Schuerger Andrew C.
Published: August 2023

It is widely accepted that ancient Mars hosted long-lived habitable environments, and that habitable refugia may persist in the subsurface today. The presence and behavior of methane gas in the Martian atmosphere makes a compelling case to study methanogenesis as a potential biosignature under simulated Mars surface or shallow subsurface conditions. Methanogenic archaea have demonstrated tolerance to prolonged exposure to desiccation, high salinity, strong oxidants, UVC irradiation, and extremes in temperature, pH, and pressure. We investigated hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis and accompanying gene expression patterns in Methanosarcina barkeri in response to sustained hypobaria (7–12 mbar), low temperature (0˚C), and a CO2-dominated gas mixture simulating Martian atmospheric conditions. We observed statistically significant CH4 production under all assayed conditions, including at 7–12 mbar. Comparative transcriptomics in reference to control conditions (i.e., 30˚C, 1500 mbar, 80:20 H2:CO2) revealed that the partial pressure of atmospheric H2 was the most important factor in regulating methanogenesis. We conclude an extant methanogenic biosphere could be supported throughout the Martian lithosphere in habitable subsurface refugia and microhabitats.
Many Landscape Grasses Survive Long-term Hardiness Trials in United States Department of Agriculture Plant Hardiness Zone 4b
Authors: Hockenberry Meyer Mary , Miller Brandon Michael
Published: August 2023

A long-term, landscape grass hardiness study was initiated in Summer 1987 at the University of Minnesota Landscape Arboretum in Chanhassen, MN, USA [United States Department of Agriculture Plant Hardiness Zone (USDA PHZ) 4b, –20 to –25 °F]. This location averages a 158-day growing season (frost free), summer temperatures of 79.9 °F, and winter temperatures of 10.4 °F. Over 35 years, 392 different kinds of plants from the grass (Poaceae) and sedge (Cyperaceae) families were planted to evaluate winter survival, landscape value, flowering, and pest resistance. Most plants (n = 271, 69%) survived at least 4 years, 186 (47%) survived 10 years, 81 (21%) survived 20 years, and 29 (7%) survived 35 years. Sixty-eight plants (17%) were deemed not winter hardy in this location (USDA PHZ 4b), and 53 are listed with insufficient data for a hardiness rating. Changes in maintenance as well as challenges encountered with long-term trials of herbaceous plants are discussed.
The impact of novel coronavirus infection and Sputnik V / Sputnik Light vaccination on menstrual function
Authors: Fokina M. Yu. , Malikova A. E. , Bakhtiyarov K. R.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused the pandemic in 2020 and significant damage to the health of all mankind. Nowadays it’s still unclear how large the influence of COVID-19 and vaccination Sputnik V / Sputnik Light on women’s reproductive health, that’s why this question is topical and requires researches to be answered.

Aim. To find out if there are any changes in frequency of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia, length of menstrual cycle and menstruation in women which had COVID-19 or were vaccinated Sputnik V / Sputnik Light.

Materials and methods. An uncontrolled (before-after) study was carried out, data collection was made by questionnaire. 344 women took part in this study, all of them were patients of «Family» Clinic. 277 of them had COVID-19 and 236 were vaccinated Sputnik V / Sputnik Light. Processing of received data was made by statistical methods: McNemar’s test and Wilcoxon sighed ranks test.

Results and discussion. After COVID-19, there was a statistically significant increase in the length of the menstrual cycle from 28 days (Q1 = 28.0; Q3 = 30.0) to 29 days (Q1 = 27.0; Q3 = 32.0), (p = 0.023) in 30.26% of women. The duration of menstruation after a new coronavirus infection also increased statistically significantly in 20.3% of women (p = 0.031), but the median did not change. In the post-vaccination period, there were no statistically significant changes in both the duration of menstruation and the length of the menstrual cycle (p = 0.793 and p = 0.356, respectively). A statistically significant increase in the frequency of menorrhagia was found from 21.0 to 28.8% after COVID-19 (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant dynamics in the frequency of dysmenorrhea in the post-COVID period (p = 0.152). After Sputnik V / Sputnik Light vaccination, there was a statistically significant increase in the frequency of menorrhagia from 20.3 to 24.6% (p = 0.013). However, there was no statistically significant dynamics in the frequency of dysmenorrhea in the postoperative period (p = 0.581).

Conclusion. COVID-19 does not affect the frequency of dysmenorrhea, however, after this disease, there is an increase in the duration of the menstrual cycle and menstruation, as well as the frequency of menorrhagia, which may be associated with the use of anticoagulants as COVID-19 therapy. Vaccination Sputnik V / Sputnik Light has an effect only on the frequency of menorrhagia, increasing it. We need further researches to completely evaluate the impact of COVID-19 and vaccination on women’s menstrual function.
Analisis Kandungan Gizi, Sifat Organoleptik, dan Cemaran Mikroba Biskuit dengan Penambahan Tepung Alpukat sebagai Alternatif Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu
Authors: Suzanti Wahyu Dwi , Symond Denas , Dewi Risti Kurnia
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the optimal biscuit formula with the addition of avocado flour based on its organoleptic quality, nutritional content, and microbial contamination as an alternative to complementary foods for breast milk. The research design was experimental with completely randomized design (CRD). There were 1 control formula (F0) and 3 modified formulas (F1,F2,F3) with 2 repetitions. Each formulation consists of wheat flour, avocado flour and soy protein isolate with a ratio of F0(100:0:15), F1(90:10:15), F2(80:20:15), F3(70:30:15). Organoleptic test was carried out on 30 untrained panelists. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 26 with Kruskal Wallis test and further tested with Mann Whitney test. The results showed that the biscuits that the panelists liked the most were F1 biscuits with the addition of 10% avocado flour. F1 biscuits contained 405.24 kcal of energy, 8.75 grams of protein, 7.8 grams of fat, 75.01 grams of carbohydrates, 2.15253 mg of iron, and 2.2657 mg of zinc with characteristics of yellowish brown colored, medium aroma, with a slightly bitter taste and crunchy texture. and TPC 9×101 colonies/gr, Salmonella Sp. Negative/25gram, Escheria. Coli 3 APM/gram. The formula chosen in this study was the F1 biscuits with the addition of 10% avocado flour. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan formula optimal biskuit dengan penambahan tepung alpukat berdasarkan mutu organoleptik, kandungan gizi, dan cemaran mikrobanya sebagai alternatif makanan pendamping air susu ibu (MPASI). Desain penelitan ini adalah Eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Terdapat 1 formula kontrol (F0) dan 3 formula modifikasi (F1, F2, F3) dengan 2 kali penggulangan. Masing-masing formulasi terdiri dari tepung terigu, tepung alpukat dan isolat protein kedelai dengan perbandingan yaitu F0 (100:0:15), F1 (90:10:15), F2 (80:20:15), F3 (70:30:15). Uji organoleptik dilakukan kepada 30 orang panelis tidak terlatih. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS 26 dengan uji Kruskal Wallis dan diuji lanjut dengan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biskuit yang paling disukai panelis yaitu biskuit F1 dengan penambahan tepung alpukat sebanyak 10%. Biskuit F1 mengandung energi 405,24 kkal, protein 8,75 gr, lemak 7,8 gr, karbohidrat 75,01 gr, besi 2,15253 mg, dan seng 2,2657 mg. Warna biskuit coklat kekuningan, aroma sedang, rasa agak pahit, dan tekstur renyah. ALT sebesar 9 × 101 koloni/gr, Salmonella Sp. Negatif/25gram, E. Coli 3 APM/gram. Formula terpilih pada penelitian ini yaitu biskuit F1 dengan penambahan tepung alpukat sebanyak 10%.
The AI vantage: an exposition of global dynamics
Authors: Kishor Rohan , Patle Bhumeshwar , Bhojane Praveen
Published: August 2023

Over the past few years, there has been a growing interest in this field of Artificial Intelligence (AI). This review paper aims to examine the extent to which AI has been adopted across various domains in different regions of the world. Specifically, this study seeks to explore the effectiveness of AI in areas such as banking, governance, judiciary, and agriculture. While AI’s impact on these areas has been studied before, this research focuses on aspects that have not been given much needed attention so far. The study will begin by offering an overview of AI’s development from a regional perspective, analyzing 63 articles from leading journals and institutions to identify the most commonly used terminologies, theories, and technologies. The increasing computational power has played a crucial role in the advancement of AI. However, the role of AI in governance, judiciary, and legislature system has not been explored in depth in previous research. Furthermore, most studies tend to focus on single domain, whereas this paper aims to examine several domains and their relationship to AI. The study presents several AI-driven techniques, including Deep Neural Net (DNN), Artificial Neural Net (ANN), Candlestick Plots, Natural Language Processing (NLP), Explainable Deep Neural Net (xDNN), Attentional Maps, Digital Inventory, Deep Learning among others, that can be applied to enhance society’s performance in different domains. The research also delves deeper into the judiciary domain, proposing specific AI techniques that could be useful in this field. Additionally, tables summarizing different AI tactics relevant to each domain are presented.
Rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on ELMD hybrid feature extraction and wavelet neural network
Authors: Yue Hengxin , Chen Xihui , Shi Xinhui , Lou Wei
Published: August 2023

Rolling bearings are the most important components in the transmission system of coal mining machinery, and their operating condition significantly impacts the entire mechanical and electrical equipment. Therefore, the fault diagnosis of rolling bearing can effectively ensure the operation reliability of equipment. Given the strong noise, coal impact, and other interference, the vibration signal of the rolling bearing cannot be effectively decomposed, and the fault identification efficiency is low. According to the method based on vibration analysis, this article proposes a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on ensemble local mean decomposition (ELMD) hybrid feature extraction and wavelet neural network. ELMD is used to solve the problem of modal aliasing in local mean decomposition (LMD), which can improve the efficiency of LMD. Quantitatively extracting the mixed features of each component and introducing a wavelet neural network for fault type recognition. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has a high accuracy in fault recognition and is an effective fault diagnosis method.
Effect of excitation vibration on mechanical property and stress corrosion resistance of cast steel
Authors: Shao Ruiying , Wang Hongjun , Lu Kunyan , Song Juan
Published: August 2023

Cast steel parts can realize rapid prototyping effectively, which is suitable for complex structural design. However, due to the large residual stress, the problem of mechanical property degradation is more obvious. In order to solve this problem, a high temperature excitation vibration treatment scheme is proposed in this paper. By applying different excitation frequencies and impact forces, the effects of mechanical properties and stress corrosion properties are studied and verified. Based on the finite element software ANSYS, the modal shape and resonant frequency of the cast steel parts are obtained, and verified by the sweep frequency module in the excitation vibration system. According to the characteristics of modal shape, five typical detection paths are set, and stress sensors are arranged every 200 mm. In order to obtain the specific effects of excitation frequency and impact force amplitude on mechanical properties, nine parts samples were prepared on the same production line according to the matching requirements of test parameters. In addition, the main external parameters that remain unchanged during vibration excitation are set as initial 750 ℃ and vibration excitation time of 60 s, which can fully affect the effect of austenite transformation. Keeping the synchronization of test parameters in different samples, the distribution rules of residual stress under different excitation frequencies and forces are obtained and analyzed. In the aspect of mechanical properties, the microstructure, hardness, yield strength and tensile strength of the specimens subjected to vibration were compared and analyzed. In the aspect of stress corrosion performance research, stress corrosion cracking test was carried out in weak acid environment to obtain the tensile stress curve and fracture morphology of the specimen. The results show that the excitation vibration at high temperature can effectively eliminate the residual stress of cast steel parts, but the increase of excitation frequency does not correspond to the effect of residual stress elimination. When the exciting force exceeds a certain value, the stress relief effect cannot be further improved. Excitation vibration can reduce the internal hardness of cast steel parts to a certain extent, and improve the yield strength and tensile strength. At the same time, it has a positive role in promoting the improvement of stress corrosion resistance.
Simulation study of crack parameters’ effects on the vibration characteristics of a bladed disk system
Authors: Pan Chuang , Dai Yuande , Li Yaocheng
Published: August 2023

As a key component of the turbo machine rotor in harsh operating conditions, high cycle fatigue failure and even cracks are common in bladed disks. In this paper, modal analysis was carried out for a single cracked bladed disk system, the effects of crack depth, crack height and rotating speed on its vibration characteristics were studied by the method of both numerical simulation and orthogonal test, and the effects of crack distribution on the vibration characteristics of multi-crack bladed disk systems were also studied. Finally, some conclusions have been drawn, they provide a fundamental understanding of blade health monitoring and fault prediction, and are important to improve the reliability and safety of turbine operation.
Application of meta-heuristic methods in the optimization of geometrical sections in trapezoidal channels in jump energy loss
Authors: Fatehi-Nobarian Bahador , Nourani Vahid , Ng Anne
Published: August 2023

Hydraulic jump is of fast altering flow type, within which a critical flow transforms into a subcritical flow, and such alteration occurs within a relatively short path of the channel. In the present study, the impact of lateral angles of trapezoidal channel walls in the continuous form on the relative loss of hydraulic jump energy is investigated. For this purpose, the meta-heuristic harmony search algorithm is used for declaring the continuous lateral angles within the range of 45°–75°. With regard to the hydraulic definition for the hydraulic jump phenomenon, the harmony search algorithm, which is widely used for optimization and continuous problems, is considered as a simple concept of a useful algorithm. The results demonstrated the high efficiency of harmony search in the optimization of hydraulic problems. The highest value of jump energy loss up to 81% was recorded for the angle of 45°, implying the high efficiency of this section. As can be clearly seen in the results, the amount of destructive energy loss of hydraulic jump in the meta-heuristic algorithm is significantly higher than other previous methods.
Multi-scenario optimization model for operation of inter-basin water transfer-supply systems considering cost–benefit relationships
Authors: Cao Minglin , Liu Weifeng , Xu Bin , Wang Lachun , Zhang Yang , Zhang Yu
Published: August 2023

The optimized operation of an inter-basin water transfer system is a widely used approach to achieving optimized regional water resource allocation. The costs of water transfers vary considerably, depending on the composition of the water source, the target audience and the route and distance of the transfer. This study proposes a multi-scenario optimization model for the operation of inter-basin water transfer-supply systems that balances the cost–benefit relationships. A two-objective optimization model is first established including minimizing the sum of squared water supply deficits and the cost of water transfers. Three water transfer scenarios are developed for different cost–benefit relationships. Based on these scenarios, the established optimization model is further converted into a single-objective optimization model to avoid the direct calculation of complex water transfer costs. The model is finally solved to obtain water transfer schemes. The proposed model is applied to the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. The results show that with a contracted diversion of 60% of the Yangtze River, the reliability of the water supply is 78.2% and the water shortage index is 2.8%, which is a compromise between balancing the water shortage index and the volume and cost of water transfer.
RELACIÓN ENTRE EL MATERIAL PARTICULADO (PM10), LOS PARÁMETROS METEOROLÓGICOS Y LA CONCENTRACIÓN DE ESPORAS FÚNGICAS EN LA ATMÓSFERA DE LA PLAZA SAN MARTÍN DE LIMA
Authors: Ramos Roberto
Published: August 2023

Se estudió la relación que existe entre la concentración de material particulado con diámetro aerodinámico ≤ 10 µm (PM10), las variables meteorológicas (temperatura del aire, humedad relativa, índice UV y velocidad del viento) y la concentración de esporas fúngicas totales en el aire exterior de la Plaza San Martín de Lima. El muestreo de esporas fúngicas se realizó utilizando un equipo de impacto volumétrico tipo Andersen de una sola etapa; los valores de PM10 fueron proporcionados por la Estación Móvil de La Colmena (PROTRANSPORTE – Municipalidad de Lima). Los resultados muestran que las concentraciones de PM10 fueron las más altas en los meses de marzo y abril, que coinciden con las mayores concentraciones de esporas totales, y disminuyeron continuamente hasta un mínimo en los meses de junio y julio. La concentración de PM10 mostró una fuerte correlación positiva con la concentración de esporas totales. Respecto a la influencia de las variables meteorológicas sobre la concentración de PM10, se encontró que existe una correlación positiva no significativa con la velocidad del viento (r = 0.727). La temperatura del aire y el índice UV presentaron una correlación positiva con un nivel de significancia p < 0.001. Con relación a la humedad relativa (HR), PM10 presentó una correlación negativa con un nivel de significancia p < 0.05. Se requieren más estudios para evaluar las concentraciones de PM10 en relación con las concentraciones de esporas fúngicas en la atmósfera de la Plaza San Martín.
H-ZSM-5/GO Composites as a Catalyst for the Hydrolysis of Cellulose
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhang Ping , Tao Yousheng
Published: August 2023

H-ZSM-5/GO composites were prepared for the catalytic hydrolysis of cellulose in ionic
liquids of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt to obtain sugars. The materials catalyzed the hydrolysis
of cellulose to produce total reducing sugar (TRS), super to ZSM-5 or graphene oxide (GO).
The results suggested that the acidic sites of both materials and the mesopores of the composites enhanced
the catalytic performance. With the optimized reaction conditions (e.g., ratio of catalyst to cellulose,
temperature, reaction time), 87.8% yield of TRS was obtained.
Management of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis by Moroccan General
Practitioners: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Mougui Ahmed , Bouchti Imane El
Published: August 2023

Background:

Despite the existence of effective treatments and prescribed therapeutic protocols, there is a lack of management of osteoporosis, resulting in increased secondary morbidity and mortality. The general practitioner (GP) is the first-line practitioner for the detection and man-agement of osteoporosis.

Objective:

This study was conducted to explore the practices, knowledge, and difficulties in post-menopausal osteoporosis management reported by GPs.

Methods:

An anonymous questionnaire (19 questions) was created via Google Forms and distribut-ed to 300 GPs via social networks (WhatsApp, Facebook, and Gmail). The survey results were au-tomatically calculated on “Google Forms” and checked using SPSS.20 software.

Results:

A total of 129 responses were received, representing a response rate of 43%. The majority of respondents were women (67.2%). The definition of osteoporosis was variable, with 51.6% de-fining it as a T-score of ≤-2.5 SD, 25.8% defining it as diffuse bone demineralization, and 12.1% defining it as a fracture after falling with low energy. Prolonged corticosteroid therapy was the most commonly indicated reason for measuring bone mineral density (BMD) (81.39%). The calcium phosphate balance was the most requested (90.1%). Vitamin D and calcium supplementation were reported by 74.41% and 54.26% of GPs, respectively. Fracture of the upper end of the femur was the main therapeutic indication (65.11%). Most GPs surveyed (73.3%) were unfamiliar with the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX). Most of the GPs gave advice on fall prevention to their pa-tients (83.72%), and 62.5% of GPs monitored their patients' height. Anti-osteoporosis treatment was maintained for 3 to 5 years by 44.96% of GPs.

Conclusion:

Our survey found that the practices and knowledge of GPs on osteoporosis vary wide-ly and often deviate from the recommended standards. This highlights the need for more excellent education of GPs, due to their vital role in the management of osteoporosis.
Can Primigravid Stress Urinary Incontinence be Predicted by Translabial
Urethral Motion Profile Ultrasonography?
Authors: Moegni Fernandi , Nilasari Dewita , Djusad Suskhan , Hakim Surahman , Priyatini Tyas , Putri Meutia Alfa , Iman Santoso Budi , Prihartono Joedo
Published: August 2023

Aims:

To determine SUI prevalence and its association with urethral and bladder neck mobility among late third-trimester primigravid women.

Introduction:

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a relatively common urogynecological disorder in pregnant women that significantly disrupts their quality of life. Although its prevalence is increasing along with gestational age, there have been reports of underreporting due to various reasons. Therefore, a diagnostic modality is needed to determine the presence of SUI in such a population.

Methods:

A total of 209 late third-trimester primigravid women included in the study between November 2016 and July 2019 were examined by translabial ultrasound. Bladder neck descent (BND), retrovesical angle (RVA), urethral rotation (RoU) and funneling were observed in each patient. SUI was diagnosed using a cough stress test and Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID). Thirty-five subjects from each group were randomly selected for further analysis.

Results:

Among 209 late third-trimester primigravid women, SUI was observed in 57 patients (prevalence 27.3%). The RVA and funneling of the SUI group were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The BND and RoU were similar between groups. Identified risk factors of SUI were body mass index >23 kg/m2 and the presence of funneling in the translabial ultrasound.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of SUI among late third-trimester primigravid was 27.3%. Positive funneling and higher BMI were shown to be the independent risk factors for SUI.
Dental Disorders Reported to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System in
Association with Buprenorphine: An Analysis by Ingredient Composition
and Route of Administration
Authors: Woods Richard H.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Background: Prior research has suggested buprenorphine-containing medications may
be associated with an increased risk of dental disorders. However, published data describing adverse
dental reactions in buprenorphine users by active ingredient composition and route of
administration are limited.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of formulation on spontaneous
reporting of dental disorders among patients treated with buprenorphine.

Methods:

Adverse event reports submitted to the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse
Event Reporting System (FAERS) between 2015 and 2022 were analyzed. Reporting odds
ratios (ROR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to measure disproportionality of
dental disorder reporting as classified by 39 Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities preferred
terms.

Results:

Compared to pooled reports for all other drugs across FAERS, both buprenorphine monotherapy
(ROR 3.09; 95% CI 2.61-3.66) and combination buprenorphine/naloxone (ROR 14.61;
95% CI 13.34-16.01) were associated with positive disproportionality signals. Signals of disproportionate
dental disorder reporting were also detected for buprenorphine medicines administered
by sublingual (ROR 20.03; 95% CI 18.04-22.24), buccal (ROR 4.46; 95% CI 3.00-6.61) and oral
(ROR 7.17; 95% CI 5.03-10.22) routes, but not for other modalities. In considering active ingredient
and route together, sublingual buprenorphine monotherapies (ROR 23.55; 95% CI 17.84-31.11)
and sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone (ROR 19.47; 95% CI 17.39-21.80) were each associated
with disproportionate reporting of dental disorders.

Conclusion:

Subject to the limitations of spontaneous adverse event data, this study identified significantly
disproportionate reporting of dental disorders to FAERS among patients treated with buprenorphine-
containing medications, including formulations administered by sublingual, buccal
and oral routes. These findings are consistent with prior data and suggest that regular oral care and
proper dental hygiene be emphasized for patients undergoing therapy with orally dissolving
buprenorphine.
The Reconstitution of T-cells after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell
Transplant in a Pediatric Patient with Congenital Amegakaryocytic
Thrombocytopenia (CAMT)
Authors: Bayegi Shideh Namazi , Hamidieh Amir Ali , Behfar Maryam , Saghazadeh Amene , Bozorgmehr Mahmood , Tajik Nader , Delbandi Ali-Akbar , Delavari Samaneh , Shekarabi Mehdi , Rezaei Nima
Published: August 2023

Background:

Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) is a bone marrow failure syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance characterized by the lack of megakaryocytes and thrombo-cytopenia. The cause of the disease is a mutation in the c-Mpl gene, which encodes the thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor. The main treatment for this genetic disorder is an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell trans-plant (allo-HSCT). However, transplant-related mortality, development of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), and susceptibility to opportunistic infections are major barriers to transplantation. Delay in the reconstitution of T cells and imbalance in the regeneration of distinct functional CD4 and CD8 T-cell subsets mainly affect post-transplant complications. We report a case of CAMT, who developed acute GvHD but had no signs and symptoms of chronic GvHD following allo-HSCT.

Case Presentation:

At the age of four, she presented with petechiae and purpura. In laboratory investiga-tions, pancytopenia without organomegaly, and cellularity less than 5% in bone marrow biopsy, were ob-served. A primary diagnosis of idiopathic aplastic anemia was made, and she was treated with prednisolone, cyclosporine, and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), which did not respond. Genetic analysis revealed the mutation c.1481T>G (p. L494W) in exon 10 of the c-Mpl gene, and the diagnosis of CAMT was confirmed. The patient underwent allo-HSCT from a healthy sibling donor. Alloimmunization reactions and immune disorders were present due to long-term treatment with immunosuppressive medications and repeated blood and platelet transfusions. Hence, the regeneration of T-lymphocytes after allo-HSCT was evaluated.

Conclusion:

Successful treatment of acute GvHD prevented advancing the condition to chronic GvHD, and this was accompanied by delayed T-cell reconstitution through an increase in Treg:Tcons ratio.
Overcoming the Therapeutic Limitation of Ocular Drug Delivery with the Help of Novel Drug Carriers
Authors: Shadab Sumbul , Alam Md. Aftab , Sharma Pramod Kumar , Paliwal Deepika
Published: August 2023

One of the difficult areas of pharmaceutical research is the controlled delivery of drugs to
the eye. The drainage of the solution, the quick turnover of the tears, and the diluting effects of lacrimation
all contribute to a short drug contact time and poor ocular bioavailability with conventional
systems. Drug delivery system design is also governed by the eye's anatomical barriers and its physiological
conditions. To prevent retinal uptake of drugs given systemically, the blood-retinal barrier
(BRB) has tight junctions that block drug entry. It has been discovered that conventional ophthalmic
dosage forms can be avoided along with the problems they cause by using nanocarriers. There are a
variety of nanosized carriers available for this purpose, including liposomes, niosomes, polymeric micelles,
Nanocarrier-loaded gels, Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs), polymeric nanoparticles, and dendrimers.
This review gives a resume of the different parts of ocular delivery, with a focus on nanocarrier-
based strategies, such as delivery routes and the challenges and limits of making new nanocarriers.