bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pocillopora tuahiniensis: a new species of scleractinian coral (Scleractinia, Pocilloporidae) from French Polynesia
Authors: JOHNSTON ERIKA C. , BURGESS SCOTT C.
Published: November 2023

Pocillopora tuahiniensis sp. nov. is described based on mitochondrial and nuclear genomic data, algal symbiont genetic data, geographic isolation, and its distribution pattern within reefs that is distinct from other sympatric Pocillopora species (Johnston et al. 2022a, b). Mitochondrial and nuclear genomic data reveal that P. tuahiniensis sp. nov. is a unique species, sister to P. verrucosa, and in a clade different from that of P. meandrina (Johnston et al. 2022a). However, the gross in situ colony appearance of P. tuahiniensis sp. nov. cannot easily be differentiated from that of P. verrucosa or P. meandrina at Mo’orea. By sequencing the mtORF region, P. tuahiniensis sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other Pocillopora species. Pocillopora tuahiniensis sp. nov. has so far been sampled in French Polynesia, Ducie Island, and Rapa Nui (Armstrong et al. 2023; Edmunds et al. 2016; Forsman et al. 2013; Gélin et al. 2017; Mayfield et al. 2015; Oury et al. 2021; Voolstra et al. 2023). On the fore reefs of Mo’orea, P. tuahiniensis sp. nov. is very abundant ≥10 m and is one of the most common Pocillopora species at these depths (Johnston et al. 2022b). It can also be found at a much lower abundance at shallow depths on the fore reef and back reef lagoon. The holotype is deposited at the Smithsonian Institution as USNM-SI 1522390 and the mtORF Genbank accession number is OP418359.
Moving Behavioral Experimentation Online: A Tutorial and Some Recommendations for Drift Diffusion Modeling
Authors: Gong Xuanjun , Huskey Richard
Published: November 2023

Behavioral science demands skillful experimentation and high-quality data that are typically gathered in person. However, the COVID-19 pandemic forced many behavioral research laboratories to close. Thankfully, new tools for conducting online experiments allow researchers to elicit psychological responses and gather behavioral data with unprecedented precision. It is now possible to quickly conduct large-scale high-quality behavioral experiments online, even for studies designed to generate data necessary for complex computational models. However, these techniques require new skills that might be unfamiliar to behavioral researchers who are more familiar with laboratory-based experimentation. We present a detailed tutorial introducing an end-to-end build of an online experimental pipeline and corresponding data analysis. We provide an example study investigating people’s media preferences using drift-diffusion modeling (DDM), paying particular attention to potential issues that come with online behavioral experimentation. This tutorial includes sample data and code for conducting and analyzing DDM data gathered in an online experiment, thereby mitigating the extent to which researchers must reinvent the wheel.
Dueling Roles in Dual Language Education: Exploring Leader Identity Development in Dual Language Strands
Authors: Chesnut Colleen E. , Morita-Mullaney Trish
Published: November 2023

Purpose: Building on research in educational leadership, dual language leadership, and leader identity development, this study examines how principals of schools with dual language immersion (DLI) strands perceive and enact their leadership roles and identities. As DLI strands proliferate in schools and districts, this research contributes to understandings of principals’ leader identities as they implement these programs. Research Methods/Approach: We used an embedded single case study design, with the phenomenon of Indiana school leadership in DLI strands as the case and principals as the embedded units of analysis, and we conducted semistructured interviews with over 80% of Indiana DLI strand principals ( n = 26). We conceptualized this as a single case, due to the common policy context of state legislation related to DLI and school choice. Findings: The DLI strand principals described their leadership work through primarily instructional and distributed leadership dimensions, drawing upon their historic, epistemic, and political understandings of their roles. Principals draw less upon the emotional and narrative dimensions of their leader identities, which are more apparent in teacher identity literatures. Implications for Research and Practice: Principals of new DLI strands often have limited expertise related to DLI models and have not considered how their roles should accommodate leading “two schools in one.” We provide recommendations for both practitioners and researchers in leadership preparation to encourage school leaders’ deeper engagement in reflective work across the dimensions of leader identity development. We furnish a matrix of questions to guide this work.
Tourism Demand Forecasting With Multiple Mixed-Frequency Data: A Reverse Mixed-Data Sampling Method
Authors: Wu Peihuang , Li Gang , Wen Long , Liu Han
Published: November 2023

Due to the limitations of existing tourism demand forecasting models, data with frequencies lower than those of the tourism demand need to be processed in advance and cannot be directly used in a model, which leads to the loss of timeliness and accuracy in tourism demand forecasting. Taking the inbound tourism of the United States prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic as an example, this study systematically examines the impact of data frequency processing on tourism demand modeling and forecasting, through the construction and comparison of three categories of models, with a particular focus on the first developed multiple mixed-frequency specification of reverse mixed-data sampling (RMIDAS) model. The results confirm the positive effect of multiple mixed-frequency models, which can directly use various original data frequencies, in improving the accuracy of tourism demand forecasting. This study also provides important guidance for future research on high-frequency tourism variables forecasting.
The Financialization of Health and Education and Inequality in Twenty-first Century Brazil
Authors: Bação Pedro , Mazeron Diogo , Simões Marta
Published: November 2023

Brazil is often cited for its high levels of inequality. Despite some success in reducing this inequality during the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) period, the rise of Jair Bolsonaro as Brazil’s president threatened to reverse this trend as he actively sought to promote policies that would lead to greater financialization of the Brazilian economy. In recent years, several studies have shown that the financialization of the economy as a whole can lead to a rise in inequality, but the financialization of the health and education sectors has not been of particular interest to researchers and government officials. An empirical analysis of the pattern of income inequality in twenty-first-century Brazil paying particular attention to the potential impact of the financialization of health and education sectors on this process shows a correlation between greater financialization (especially in the health sector) and an increase in income inequality.

O Brasil é frequentemente destacado pelos seus níveis elevados de desigualdade. Apesar de algum progresso na redução da desigualdade durante o período de governação do PT, a tomada de posse como presidente de Jair Bolsonaro ameaça reverter esta trajetória, nomeadamente via o apoio a uma maior financeirização da economia. Nos últimos anos, vários estudos mostraram que a financeirização da economia como um todo pode conduzir ao aumento da desigualdade. Porém, a financeirização dos setores da saúde e da educação não tem sido alvo de interesse particular. Uma análise empírica do comportamento da desigualdade no Brasil no séc. XXI salientando o potencial impacto da financeirização da saúde e da educação, sugere que uma maior financeirização, em particular do setor da saúde, está associada a um aumento da desigualdade na repartição do rendimento no Brasil.
Inferences of Masculinity and Femininity Across Intersections of Social Class and Gender: A Social Structural Perspective
Authors: White Andrew D. , Diekman Amanda B.
Published: November 2023

This research employs a social structural perspective to analyze the content of intersectional social class and gender stereotypes. We investigated how the structural positioning of class and gender categories differentially foster inferences of masculinity and femininity. The social structures that organize class and gender differ: Class is marked by access to resources, and gender is marked by a division of labor for care work. Thus, we examined whether masculinity inferences more strongly varied by social class and whether femininity inferences more strongly varied by gender categories. In Study 1, a total 427 undergraduates provided open-ended descriptions of social class and gender groups. In Study 2, a total 758 undergraduates rated the same groups on preselected trait measures. In Study 3, a total 83 adult participants considered a vignette that manipulated a target’s structural resources and gender. Across datasets, variation in social class primarily influenced inferences about masculinity while variation in gender primarily influenced inferences about femininity.
Through the cultural looking glass: Diversity ideologies and cultural sharing in intercultural romantic relationships
Authors: Naeimi Hanieh , West Alexandria L. , Muise Amy , Johnson Matthew D. , Impett Emily A.
Published: November 2023

Intercultural romantic relationships are increasingly common. While past work has focused on how satisfied intercultural couples are compared to monocultural couples, we focus on factors within intercultural relationships that predict partners’ relationship quality. We propose that diversity ideologies—people’s beliefs about cultural diversity—are one set of factors that influence communication about cultural differences and relationship quality. Across two cross-sectional studies of individuals and one longitudinal study of couples in intercultural relationships ( Ntotal = 838), we found that people who endorsed colorblindness—ignored cultural differences—expressed their own culture more but accepted their partner’s culture less in the relationship, in turn experiencing mixed relational outcomes. However, participants who endorsed multiculturalism—acknowledged cultural differences and aimed to preserve cultures as distinct—or polyculturalism—recognized cultural differences and viewed cultures as interconnected—expressed their own culture and accepted their partner’s culture more and in turn experienced higher relationship quality. Our studies provide the first empirical examination of how diversity ideologies shape the way intercultural couples communicate about their cultural differences and subsequently impact their relationship quality.
Do Self-Control and Parental Involvement Promote Prosociality and Hinder Internalizing Problems? A Four-Wave Longitudinal Study From Early to Mid-To-Late Adolescence
Authors: Silletti Fabiola , Iannello Nicolò M. , Ingoglia Sonia , Inguglia Cristiano , Cassibba Rosalinda , Eisner Manuel , Ribeaud Denis , Musso Pasquale
Published: November 2023

The present study investigated the longitudinal associations of self-control and parental involvement with prosociality and internalizing problems from early to mid-to-late adolescence, within a risk and resilience and a developmental cascade framework. We used a panel design (i.e., four measurement times at 2-year intervals from 2008 onwards) to examine data on 1523 Swiss adolescents when they were aged about 11, 13, 15, and 17. A cross-lagged analytical approach was used to respond to our purpose. Results showed that parental involvement promotes later levels of prosociality from early to mid-to-late adolescence. Furthermore, we observed that parental involvement predicted later improvements in self-control and that prosociality and internalizing problems mutually and positively predicted each other during the same period. Our findings suggest that interventions aimed at promoting positive parental involvement with their offspring may contribute to later adolescent prosociality and self-control and that health professionals should consider encouraging a healthy balance between self-interest and concern for others.
Research on Dueling Double Deep Q Network Algorithm Based on Single-Step Momentum Update
Authors: Shi Peicheng , Zhang Jianguo , Hai Bin , Zhou Dinghua
Published: November 2023

Vehicle behavior decision control plays a crucial role in the development of autonomous driving. However, existing autonomous driving behavior decision control algorithms based on deep reinforcement learning face several challenges, such as low efficiency in updating target network data and a lack of effective balancing between old and new experiences. To address these issues, this paper proposes a dueling double deep Q network (dueling DDQN) algorithm based on a single-step momentum update mechanism. Firstly, a single-step momentum update mechanism is designed to significantly improve the update speed of target network parameters and achieve a balanced weighting of old and new experiences during the parameter update process. Subsequently, the network structures of dueling networks and DDQNs are integrated to enhance the understanding capability of autonomous vehicles concerning their current states. Finally, tests are conducted on the OpenAI Gym simulation platform to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results verified that the dueling DDQN algorithm with single-step momentum updates contributes to improving the convergence speed of autonomous driving car behavior decisions. Compared with the DQN and DDQN algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieved a success rate increase of 6.0 and 8.4 percentage points in the challenging three-lane highway Test Scenario 1, and a success rate increase of 16.7 and 2.9 percentage points in Test Scenario 2, respectively. These findings demonstrate a safer and more efficient performance in autonomous driving decision-making.
Comparison of different urinary diversions after radical cystectomy in Iran: Assessment of health-related quality of life and financial burden in a Middle Eastern country
Authors: Basiri Abbas , Zahir Mazyar , Soleimani Mohammad , Khoshdel Ali Reza , Tabibi Ali , Imen Mohammad Sajjad , Soheilipour Alireza , Golshan Shabnam , Balafkan Masoumeh , Parvin Mahmoud , Shariat Shahrokh F
Published: November 2023

Objectives:

To compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL), cost-effectiveness, and survival among different types of urinary diversion (UD) utilized after radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer with consideration of the unique economic and cultural context in Iran.

Patients and methods:

In this retrospective study, we examined all patients who underwent RC from May 2017 to December 2021 at two specialized centers by the same surgical team. Patients were grouped based on their UD. Post-surgical HRQOL (obtained from EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQBLM-30), financial burden, surgical complications, and survival were compared. Kruskal-Wallis H test, One-way ANOVA, and Kaplan-Meier analyses were utilized; accordingly.

Results and limitations:

In total 187 patients were identified—orthotopic neobladder (ONB) ( N = 75), ileal conduit (IC) ( N = 57), and cutaneous ureterostomy (CU) ( N = 55)—and were followed for a median 17.5 (Interquartile range: 7.0, 47.0) months. ONB was associated with better HRQOL, especially in the domains addressing physical, role and social functioning ( p = 0.003, 0.011, 0.045) as well as better body image ( p < 0.001), lower short- and long-term financial burden ( p = 0.034 and <0.001, respectively), marginally lower complication rate ( p = 0.049), and better 5-year overall survival ( p < 0.001), in comparison with other UDs. Patients who underwent CU had the lowest HRQOL and worst survival. Limitations were retrospective design and possibility of selection bias.

Conclusions:

In this first study that assesses a Middle Eastern collective; ONB seems to be the UD of choice with regard to HRQOL and economic burden when there is no contraindication.
Percutaneous treatment of stone containing calyceal diverticula: Strategies and outcomes from a University teaching hospital in a developing country
Authors: Chawla Arun , Singh Anshuman , Pai Vivek , KR Surag , Choudhary Anupam , Reddy Bommireddy V , Gali Kasi Viswanath , Shah Abhijit
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

There is a dearth of research available on the outcomes, complications, and recurrence rates of the modalities employed in treatment of diverticula after stone clearance by PCNL. We present our experience of various approaches employed in our institute for treatment of caliceal diverticulum after stone clearance by PCNL. We aimed to review the outcomes, complications, and recurrence rates of these procedures which can provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of these techniques in the treatment of stone containing caliceal diverticulum.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of patients diagnosed with caliceal diverticular stone was conducted. The primary outcome was the stone-free rate (SFR) at the time of hospital discharge, determined by a combined nephroscopic/fluoroscopic assessment, and the obliteration of the diverticular sac. Secondary outcomes included the evaluation of operative time, duration of hospital stay and postoperative complications.

Results:

A total of 53 patients were evaluated. The mean diverticulum size was 23.2 mm, most common location was the superior calyx (30 (56.7%)). Group 1 (diverticular neck treatment + DJ stent) included 27 patients, group 2 (diverticular wall fulguration + PCN) included 18 patients and group 3 (PCN alone) included 8 patients. Mean operating time was highest in group 1 (80 min). Stone clearance was 100% in group 1, 91% in group 2 and 88% in group 3. Obliteration of caliceal diverticulum was highest in group 1 (90%). Mean duration of hospital stay was lowest in group 1 (3.2 days). Overall complications were lowest in group 2 (3/18).

Conclusion:

PCNL followed by combination of diverticular wall fulguration and PCN or treatment of diverticular neck and DJ stenting is safe and effective in causing diverticular obliteration. Placement of nephrostomy tube alone was not found to be effective in causing diverticular obliteration in our study.
“Just Join Them”: Improv and Dementia Care
Authors: Kemp Candace L. , Craft Morgan Jennifer , Bender Alexis A. , Hill Andrea M. , Anglin Emerald , Burgess Elisabeth O. , Epps Fayron , Perkins Molly M.
Published: November 2023

Improvisational (improv) theatre skill development holds promise for improving the dementia capability of care partners. In this report, we present analysis of data from an ongoing study on meaningful engagement and quality of life among assisted living (AL) residents with dementia. Using ethnographic methods, we collected data from persons with dementia ( n = 59) and their care partners ( n = 165) in six diverse AL communities each studied for one year. Building cumulatively on past work and existing literature, we demonstrate the potential benefits of training care partners to use improv skills. We discuss implications, including the need for intervention research.
Utility of Bedside Ultrasound in Percutaneous Tracheostomy
Authors: Meredith Simon , Kattih Zein , Garcia Brenda , Lakticova Viera , Mina Bushra , Oks Margarita , Singh Anup
Published: November 2023

Background: Percutaneous tracheostomy placement is a common procedure performed in the intensive care unit. The use of an anterior neck ultrasound exam is routinely performed preprocedure, allowing for vessel visualization in determining the safety and feasibility of performing the procedure bedside. This prospective observational cohort study was conducted to determine whether vasculature in the anterior neck, seen on bedside ultrasound exam, contributes to bleeding complications during or after percutaneous tracheostomy (PCT) placement. Research Question: Do the vessels identified on preprocedure neck ultrasound affect the risk of bleeding during and after bedside PCT placement? Study Design and Methods: Preprocedural ultrasound was used to identify standard anatomical landmarks and vascular structures in the anterior neck in all patients undergoing bedside PCT placement under bronchoscopic guidance. A blinded survey of our recorded preprocedural images was provided to an expert panel who regularly perform bedside PCTs to determine the influence the images have on their decision to perform the procedure at the bedside. Results: One out of 15 patients (7%) had intra-operative minimal bleeding which was not clinically significant and resolved by gauze compression for 30 s. None of the patients had post-procedural bleeding after tracheostomy placement. Based on the blinded interpretation of neck ultrasound, there was 0.214 inter-operator variability among the expert panelists for decision-making regarding performing bedside PCT. Interpretation: Vessels visualized with anterior neck ultrasound were found to be small venous structures and did not significantly contribute to bleeding risk in patients who underwent PCT placement. The size and location of veins on neck ultrasound may commonly contribute to abandoning bedside PCT. This study suggests that veins measuring 3.9 mm or smaller identified at the site of access do not increase the risk of bleeding in PCT placement.
A novel robust bounded control with inequality constraints and experimental validation for permanent magnet linear motor
Authors: Quan HaiMing , Zhen ShengChao , Liu XiaoLi , Meng GuanJun , Chen Ye-Hwa
Published: November 2023

In order to solve the problem that the trajectory of a permanent magnet linear motor may be out of bounds in practice and eliminate the influence of uncertainty on trajectory tracking, we propose a robust bounded control based on inequality constraints. First, the dynamics model of the permanent magnet linear motor is established, and then, the constrained output state variables are converted into unconstrained state variables by state conversion. Secondly, based on the dynamics model after state transformation, a novel control method containing both nominal and robust terms is proposed. Finally, the stability of the PMLM system is proved by the Lyapunov minimax method. Simulations and experiments with different algorithms are carried out on the PMLM system and the CSPACE platform. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, it can be found that robust bounded control based on inequality constraints can significantly improve the dynamic performance of the PMLM system and achieve high accuracy.
Study on levitation control performance assessment of maglev train based on minimum entropy
Authors: Wen Tao , Zhang Yaoyao , Long Zhiqiang
Published: November 2023

In order to meet the strict requirements of the reliability and safety of the commercial operation of the maglev train, it is necessary to carry out the control performance evaluation of the suspension system. However, at present, variance is often used as the evaluation index of control system. This method cannot get accurate performance evaluation results when the system is affected by non-Gaussian disturbance. Therefore, aiming at the non-Gaussian control performance evaluation of maglev train suspension system, a control performance evaluation method of maglev train suspension system based on minimum entropy is proposed in this paper. In view of the non-Gaussian characteristics in the operation data of maglev train suspension system, this paper introduces the feedback invariant entropy of non-Gaussian system, and then realizes the evaluation and analysis of the control performance of maglev train suspension system based on the minimum entropy criterion. Finally, combined with the evaluation and analysis of the operation data of Changsha medium and low-speed maglev train, this paper verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed performance evaluation method for the control performance evaluation of maglev train suspension system.
Virologic outcomes of antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV-1 following bariatric surgery: A case series and review of the literature
Authors: Badowski Melissa , Kassem Sally , Labedz Malgorzata , Taylor Christopher , Bunnell Kristen , Hall Ashley , Darnell Hannah , Huesgen Emily
Published: November 2023

Background

Selection of an antiretroviral regimen for people living with HIV (PLWH) involves various clinical considerations, such as comorbidities, archived drug resistance mutations, concomitant medications, and potential drug interactions and side effects. Alterations in the surface area and pH of the gastrointestinal tract following bariatric surgery may alter absorption, antiretroviral pharmacokinetics and viral suppression. Data on the efficacy of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in PLWH who have undergone bariatric surgery are limited or lacking for new antiretrovirals, such as dolutegravir and bictegravir.

Methods

This case series reports virologic outcomes and side effects in eight cases of PLWH receiving ARV therapy who underwent bariatric surgery. A systematic literature review was performed to review the available literature on the efficacy and safety of antiretroviral regimens in PLWH who have undergone bariatric surgery.

Results

Virologic suppression was not impacted for obese PLWH who underwent bariatric surgery following failure of life-style modifications and pharmacological therapy.

Conclusions

There were no deleterious effects on HIV progression for PLWH that underwent bariatric surgery. More prospective research is required to validate the effects of bariatric surgery on immunologic and virologic function outcomes. Close involvement of HIV and surgical specialists is recommended to manage ARV therapy in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Simulation of transient dynamic response of a locomotive considering its flexibility and rigidity
Authors: Sharma Rakesh Chandmal , Palli Srihari , Dharmana Lokanadham , Sharma Sunil Kumar , Sharma Ashwini , Kharola Ashwani , Sharma Neeraj
Published: November 2023

Time-domain or transient dynamic response method is the most traditional method used to evaluate the dynamic response of a vibratory system subjected to deterministic inputs. The inertia or damping effects are very crucial in the time scale of loading. The present work determines the time domain analysis of railway locomotive using finite element analysis for Indian tracks. The track inputs are modelled as an ellipsoidal bump, and variations in displacement at different key locations of the truck and carbody models are plotted subjected to standard loading conditions. The response plot of the front and rear locations of the locomotive truck and carbody indicate that these regions are more responsive to wheel inputs in comparison to the mid portion due to unbalanced mass distribution. In the further study vertical-lateral random inputs are measured through track recording car and modelled to express in the form of PSD. These random inputs are provided to finite element modelled flexible bogie frame, and acceleration response is determined. The results obtained are compared with the same obtained from rigid bogie frame formulated using an analytical model. The results obtained from the flexible and rigid body models are found to be in good agreement.
Skill analysis of library and information science professionals
Authors: Zhang Jin , Chen Jianyao
Published: November 2023

This paper investigated professional skills for library and information science (LIS) professionals based on the American Library Association (ALA) job website. The study identified job categories and library types, examined required soft skills and professional skills, and analyzed the relationships between professional skills and job categories, and the relationships between professional skills and library types as well. Data mining, subject analysis, and information visualization methods were used in the study. The findings of this study show that the LIS field demands a wide range of comprehensive professional skills. In total, over 160 distinct professional skill requirements and 24 skill themes were uncovered. Across various LIS job categories, an average of 8.84 professional skill themes per job category was found to be necessary for success. Among these skill themes, certain ones stood out as particularly in-demand, including: Productivity Software, MARC Standards and Guidance, Integrated Library Automation, Programming, and Data Analysis. Furthermore, it was observed that the specific professional skill requirements varied across different types of libraries. Notably, Academic/Research (College/University) libraries and Public Libraries stood out as two types that demanded a broader range of professional skill themes compared to other types of libraries. The findings of this research study can inform library and information science researchers, educators, and professionals to better understand the LIS professional skill requirements, improve existing curricular systems, and develop new courses to meet the job market needs.
Land Redevelopment, Real Estate and Capital in Urban Place-making: A Case Study of Siliguri, India
Authors: Barman Dhiraj
Published: November 2023

The geographies of real estate, land redevelopment and capital play crucial roles in India’s contemporary urban place-making. There is a significant knowledge gap in understanding the role of real estate development and the linkages with capital, the pre-existing propertied business class, emerging markets, and associated aspects in the rapidly changing non-metropolitan, medium-sized cities’ (MSC) context. This study analyses urban transition in Siliguri, a fast-growing MSC in eastern India. Unlike the large megacities, real estate development here has witnessed a considerable capital shift in a speculative property market. Real estate growth is primarily led by the local business and propertied class that eventually emerged as developers. The efforts have resulted in urban place-making of newly built environments, consumption spaces and gated condos through the land redevelopment process.
The influences of familiarity and key on pitch accuracy in singing
Authors: Thompson Rachel M. , Mantell James T.
Published: November 2023

Singing is a typical human behavior but individuals vary in pitch accuracy. Poor singing performance can be explained by deficits in translating sensory information to a vocal motor plan or problems encoding or recalling pitch from long-term memory. We compared the sensorimotor translation and long-term memory hypotheses by assessing the influence of familiarity and musical key on singing performance. Thirty participants imitated excerpts of 20 familiar and unfamiliar pop songs presented in their original key or a transposed key. We analyzed pitch accuracy by measuring the difference in pitch between the first two notes of participants’ productions and the target stimuli. Participants sang familiar songs more accurately than unfamiliar songs and songs in their original keys less accurately than songs in transposed keys. The results, based on Bayesian hypothesis testing, provide some support for both memory hypotheses and partially confirm the findings of previous research on singing performance. Importantly, our work suggests that if individuals maintain pitch information in long-term memory, they do not draw on it when imitating songs.
Prospective Study of Preferred Versus Actual Place of Death Among Swedish Palliative Cancer Patients
Authors: Nilsson Jonas , Bergström Stefan , Hållberg Hampus , Berglund Anders , Bergqvist Michael , Holgersson Georg
Published: November 2023

Background: The place of death of cancer patients is an important aspect of end-of-life care. However, little research has been conducted regarding factors that may influence the preferred and actual place of death in cancer patients and whether the patients die at their preferred place of death. In this study, we aimed to investigate the preferred and actual place of death for palliative cancer patients, and factors influencing these variables. Methods: Patients diagnosed with cancer and admitted to a palliative care team across three Swedish cities between 2019 and 2022 were asked for participation. Participants completed a questionnaire capturing sociodemographic data and preferred place of death. Further data regarding age, sex, and cancer type were collated at inclusion, and the actual place of death recorded for those deceased by 5-May-2023. Results: The study included 242 patients. A majority (79%) wanted to die at home which was the actual death location for 76% of the patients. When the place-of-death decision was made by the patient alone, 75% chose home, compared to 96% when decided jointly with relatives—a statistically significant variation (p = 0.0037). For the patients who wanted to die at home, 80% actually died at home, with insignificant disparities among subgroups. Conclusions: Most palliative cancer patients in this Swedish cohort preferred and achieved death at home. Involving relatives in decision-making may influence the preferred place of death, however larger studies are needed to comprehensively assess factors affecting the preferred and actual place of death in different subgroups of patients.
Fanconi Syndrome in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treated With Tenofovir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Joshi Mrinmayee , Clark Brendan , Lee Todd A.
Published: November 2023

Objective:

Several cases of Fanconi syndrome (FS), a severe form of nephrotoxicity, have been reported in patients with HIV on tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy. A systematic review of the published literature on tenofovir-related FS in patients with HIV was conducted.

Data Sources:

PubMed and Embase were queried to identify articles in English published between January 2005 and June 2023, reporting tenofovir-related FS in adults with HIV. Preclinical studies, conference/poster abstracts, commentaries and responses, and review papers were excluded.

Study Selection and Data Extraction:

Of the 256 articles screened, 57 met the inclusion criteria. These comprised 37 case reports, 11 case series, 1 cross-sectional study, 1 case-control study, 4 cohort studies, 1 single-arm open-label clinical trial, 1 sub-analysis of clinical trials, and 1 pooled analysis of clinical trials.

Data Synthesis:

Among 56 cases on which information was abstracted, median age at FS diagnosis was 50 years, 51.8% were men, and duration of tenofovir use ranged from 6 weeks to 11 years. Ritonavir was co-prescribed in almost half the cases. In observational and interventional studies, incidence of FS was low. Many studies reported resolution of FS symptoms after tenofovir discontinuation. All FS occurrences were identified in those on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), except for one patient on tenofovir alafenamide (TAF).

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice:

Continuous monitoring of signs and symptoms of renal and bone toxicity is essential for patients with HIV on tenofovir-containing therapy.

Conclusions:

Occurrence of FS is low in patients with HIV treated with tenofovir-based regimens. Concomitant use of ritonavir may increase risk of FS. TAF may be a safer alternative than TDF in terms of nephrotoxicity.
Non-classical theory of electro-thermo-elasticity incorporating local mass displacement and nonlocal heat conduction
Authors: Hrytsyna Olha , Tokovyy Yuriy , Hrytsyna Maryan
Published: November 2023

A non-classical local gradient theory of nonferromagnetic thermoelastic dielectrics is presented, incorporating both the local mass-displacement process and the heat-flux gradient effect. The process of local mass displacement is related to the changes in material microstructure. The nonlocal heat conduction law is also addressed in the model. Thus, the generalized relationship between the higher-grade heat and entropy fluxes is adopted. The gradient-type constitutive relations and governing equations are derived using the fundamental principles of continuum mechanics, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, and electrodynamics. Due to the contribution of higher-grade flux, the nonlocal law of heat conduction is obtained. The constitutive relations for isotropic materials with the corresponding additional material constants are derived. To illustrate the local gradient theory and to show the electro-thermo-mechanical coupling effect in isotropic materials, a straightforward problem is analytically solved for a layered non-piezoelectric structure under non-uniform temperature distribution. The analytical results reveal that the thermal polarization effect can also be pronounced in isotropic materials. To illustrate the model considering the effect of nonlocal heat conduction, the propagation of spherical thermoelastic harmonic waves in a homogeneous and isotropic elastic medium with non-classical heat conduction law is studied.
Non-steroidal intravitreal injection for noninfectious uveitic cystoid macular edema: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kianersi Farzan , Rezaeian-Ramsheh Abdolreza , Rahimi Alireza , Akhlaghi Mohammadreza , Dehghani Alireza , Farajzadegan Ziba , Pourazizi Mohsen
Published: November 2023

Purpose

To systematically review the published manuscripts on the non-steroidal intravitreal injection for treatment of noninfectious uveitic cystoid macular edema (CME).

Methods

The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, Science Direct, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Embase, Clinical Key, and Springer were searched for relevant articles published until May 2022. The random-effects models were used to estimate the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for postoperative central macular thickness (CMT) and visual acuity (VA) changes. VA was transformed into the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR). Meta-regression was conducted for adjusting the effects of potential confounders.

Results

A total of 17 relevant studies (258 eyes) were included in this meta-analysis. A significant improvement was observed in CMT in the last follow up (350.89 ± 108.43) compared to the baseline (452.3 ± 112.67) (Log MD = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.62, 2.02; I2 = 57.7%; P = 0.002). Additionally, VA also significantly improved in the last follow up (0.56 ± 0.29) compared to the baseline (0.75 ± 0.3) (Exponential MD = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.95; I2 = 0.0%; P = 0.98). The subgroups analyzed included ten studies on anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), three studies on infliximab, two studies on methotrexate (MTX), and two studies on diclofenac. All subgroups showed a significant improvement in both CMT and VA at the last follow-up (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Non-steroidal intravitreal injection including bevacizumab, ranibizumab, infliximab, MTX and diclofenac appears to be an effective treatment option for noninfectious uveitic CME.
Acetabular erosion after bipolar hip hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture in elderly patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Macheras George A , Pallis Dimitrios , Tsivelekas Konstantinos , Ampadiotaki Margarita M , Lepetsos Panagiotis , Tzefronis Dimitrios , Kateros Konstantinos , Papadakis Stamatios A
Published: November 2023

Background:

The choice between total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hemiarthroplasty (HA) to treat displaced femoral neck fractures, particularly among the elderly, is still controversial. Acetabular erosion consists of a late multifactorial process that may happen after hip HA resulting in significant postoperative burden. This study aims to investigate the impact of acetabular erosion progress after hip HA in patients over 70 years old.

Materials and methods:

This is a 5-year (2013–2018) retrospective study including consecutive series of patients >70 years who were treated with bipolar hip HA for femoral neck fractures. Patients were categorised into 3 groups for analysis (A = 70–75 years, B = 75–80 years, C = >80 years). The study enrolled a total number of 813 patients who met the inclusion criteria. We assessed acetabular erosion through radiological examinations and measured functional deterioration using the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) at 6 and 12 months follow-up. Our comprehensive investigation extended over a maximum period of 5 years. The correlation of patients’ characteristics and HA features on erosion progress was assessed.

Results:

There were no significant differences in sex distribution, injury side, BMI, ASA score, bipolar head diameter, mHHS and leg-length discrepancy among the groups ( p > 0.05). During the follow-up period, acetabular erosion with consequential conversion to THA was observed in 6.13%, 4.22% and 1.96% for Groups A, B and C respectively ( p = 0.009). A statistically significant difference of acetabular erosion was observed in Group A compared to patients of Group C.

Conclusions:

Age constitutes a significant factor of acetabular wear after HA in the elderly. The higher rate of acetabular wear in patients <75 years suggests that THA is a more viable option, as HA is for patients >80 years old.
Organization and the arts: Critical conversations on expanding meanings and understandings of who matters
Authors: Riaz Suhaib
Published: November 2023

In this article, I celebrate and discuss Organization’s contributions to the conversation between organization studies and works of art, such as literary fiction, poetry, film, etc. I take this critical conversation forward by highlighting several ways in which such works of art expand meanings for our research, and I then build on this to call for expanding understandings of “who matters” in our engagement with the arts and in our scholarship. In particular, I argue for the case of works of art from/of/about the Global South as an opportunity to take our critical project forward, tracing the promising but complex contours that one is likely to encounter in traversing this relatively unchartered terrain. I conclude by building on this discussion to suggest doing art and being ourselves through art as a part of our conversation with the arts in the role of academic activists and as a means of resistance to current oppressive systems.
The unsettling potential of Indigenous organizing
Authors: Peredo Ana María
Published: November 2023

Despite its long-standing interest in alternative economies and decolonization, Organization’s pages have seen little attention to Indigenous organizing. The journal’s 30th anniversary is the occasion to call for a remedy for this deficit. This piece outlines the trajectory, future research, and possibilities of learning from Indigenous organizing, and calls for contributions that bring together Organization’s established interest in alternative economies and decolonization with a consideration of Indigenous organizing especially as that is embodied in Indigenous entrepreneurship. Paying attention to the features of Indigenous agency in enterprising, broadly conceived, would enlarge understanding of that vital but neglected topic and contribute to the unsettling of orthodox assumptions about management and organization that Organization takes pride in.
A Brief Description of How Teachers Experience An Infographic Loneliness Toolkit About Supporting Adolescents to Overcome Loneliness
Authors: Adam Helena , Loades Maria , Wallace Vuokko
Published: November 2023

Loneliness is a common experience amongst adolescents. As adolescents spend much of their time in school, it is important that school staff can support adolescent students experiencing loneliness. The current study aimed to explore teachers’ experiences of a 1-page loneliness toolkit regarding adolescent loneliness. An online survey to collect ratings and descriptions of experiences was distributed to secondary school teachers. Findings showed that both self-rated knowledge and experience of students experiencing loneliness were positively correlated with how useful teachers found the loneliness toolkit. Three themes were developed about how useful teachers found the toolkit; clarity, brings attention to loneliness, and communication. Two themes were developed about how the user experience of the toolkit could be improved; education, and interactive student support. Future research should investigate more effective methodologies aimed at supporting adolescents experiencing loneliness to aid teachers in supporting their students.
Sirens of stress: Financial risk, time preferences, and post-traumatic stress disorder: Evidence from the Israel-Hamas Conflict
Authors: Bayer Ya’akov M , Shtudiner Zeev
Published: November 2023

This research explores the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting from intense violence during the “Guardian of the Walls” operation in 2021, and economic decision-making. We surveyed civilians in Israel who experienced Gaza rocket attacks to understand the influence of PTSD on their financial decisions. The results revealed an interesting trend: PTSD sufferers showed a preference for immediate consumption over future savings and demonstrated a decrease in their willingness to take economic risks. These findings are significant because they offer insight into how trauma affects financial decisions, and crucial information for those helping PTSD sufferers—their relatives and therapists. It is essential for them to be aware of these tendencies to provide appropriate advice and assistance, helping the victims cope with their PTSD and make effective financial decisions in their daily lives.
The Sexual Politics of hookup culture: A Black feminist intervention
Authors: Baker Nia J
Published: November 2023

Sexuality researchers wrestle with the question of how power both generates options for sexual behaviors while also constraining them, but the potential for creation and agency among minority groups remains underexamined. Based on in-depth interviews with 40 LGBTQ and racial minority college students, this article makes two core contributions. First, I document their experiences of fetishization; their concerns over safety and the potential for violence; and the invalidation of their identities in campus hookup culture. Second, I show how in response they create “community-based party cultures,” differentiated from hookup culture by four major features: (1) Differentiated access to resources, (2) varying emphases on casual sex, (3) varying expectations of anonymity, and (4) emphasized trust/safety in these spaces. Findings update research assumptions that racial minority and/or LGBTQ students passively avoid hookup culture by illuminating how they organize spaces for themselves.
Counter-narratives against hardships among Syrian refugee youth and parents
Authors: Rommes Els , Chaer Nisrine
Published: November 2023

The conventional literature and popular media describe the challenges of (Syrian) refugees in terms of their being victims who need to deal with the traumatic events they experienced before and during their flight. Their lack of seeking professional psychosocial help to improve their mental wellbeing is often explained by migrants’ supposed fear of stigmatization. Using in-depth interviews with 10 Syrian refugees in the Netherlands, we show that their main struggle concerns their identity fragmentation as a result of both their displacement and the stereotypical discourses of Muslim/Syrian people as victims or terrorists. In this article, we explore how Syrian refugee youths use strategic forgetting and remembering of both positive and negative memories to reconstruct their (collective) identity. Our finding that Syrian refugee youths use counter-narratives of being strong and competent to deal with their experience of identity fragmentation offers an alternative explanation for refugees not seeking professional help in dealing with their hardships.