bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of elevated HbA1c on long-term mortality in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction in daily clinical practice: insights from a ‘real world’ prospective registry of the Zwolle Myocardial Infarction Study Group
Authors: Hermanides Renicus S , Kennedy Mark W , Kedhi Elvin , van Dijk Peter R , Timmer Jorik R , Ottervanger Jan Paul , Dambrink Jan-Henk , Gosselink AT Marcel , Roolvink Vincent , Miedema Kor , Slingerland Robbert J , Koopmans Petra , Bilo Henk JG , van ’t Hof Arnoud WJ
Published: May 2019

Background:

Long-term clinical outcome is less well known in up to presentation persons unknown with diabetes mellitus who present with acute myocardial infarction and elevated glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels on admission. We aimed to study the prognostic impact of deranged HbA1c at presentation on long-term mortality in patients not known with diabetes, presenting with acute myocardial infarction.

Methods:

A single-centre, large, prospective observational study in patients with and without known diabetes admitted to our hospital for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI. Newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus was defined as HbA1c of 48 mmol/l or greater and pre-diabetes mellitus was defined as HbA1c between 39 and 47 mmol/l. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at short (30 days) and long-term (median 52 months) follow-up.

Results:

Out of 7900 acute myocardial infarction patients studied, 1314 patients (17%) were known diabetes patients. Of the 6586 patients without known diabetes, 3977 (60%) had no diabetes, 2259 (34%) had pre-diabetes and 350 (5%) had newly diagnosed diabetes based on HbA1c on admission. Both short-term (3.9% vs. 7.4% vs. 6.0%, p<0.001) and long-term mortality (19% vs. 26% vs. 35%, p<0.001) for both pre-diabetes patients as well as newly diagnosed diabetes patients was poor and comparable to known diabetes patients. After multivariate analysis, newly diagnosed diabetes was independently associated with long-term mortality (hazard ratio 1.72, 95% confidence interval 1.27–2.34, P=0.001).

Conclusions:

In the largest study to date, newly diagnosed or pre-diabetes was present in 33% of acute myocardial infarction patients and was associated with poor long-term clinical outcome. Newly diagnosed diabetes (HbA1c ⩾48 mmol/mol) is an independent predictor of long-term mortality. More attention to early detection of diabetic status and initiation of blood glucose-lowering treatment is necessary.
Family history of coronary artery disease is associated with acute coronary syndrome in 28,188 chest pain patients
Authors: Wahrenberg Agnes , Magnusson Patrik KE , Discacciati Andrea , Ljung Lina , Jernberg Tomas , Frick Mats , Linder Rickard , Svensson Per
Published: May 2019

Background:

The value of family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) in diagnosing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in chest pain patients is uncertain, especially in relation to high-sensitivity assays for cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), which have improved ACS diagnostics. Our objective was to investigate the association between verified family history of CAD and ACS in chest pain patients, overall and in different strata of initial hs-cTnT.

Methods:

Data on chest pain patients visiting four emergency departments in Sweden during 2013–2016 were cross-referenced with national registers of kinship, diseases and prescriptions. Family history of early CAD was defined as the occurrence of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization before the age of 55 years in male and 65 years in female first-degree relatives. The outcome was combined including ACS and cardiovascular death within 30 days of presentation.

Results:

Of 28,188 patients, 4.7% of patients had ACS. In total, 8.2% and 32.4% had a family history of early and ever-occurring CAD, respectively. Family history of CAD was positively associated with the outcome, independently of age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors and electrocardiogram findings. The strongest association was observed for family history of early CAD (odds ratio 1.62, 95% confidence interval 1.35–1.94). Stronger associations were observed in young patients (e.g. <65 years) and in patients with non-elevated initial hs-cTnT levels (p-value for interaction = 0.004 and 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions:

Family history of CAD is associated with ACS in chest pain patients, especially in patients of young age or with non-elevated initial hs-cTnT levels.
Karl Jaspers: General Psychopathology
Authors: Shepherd Michael
Published: May 2019

To begin with, a few facts. Karl Jaspers' Allgemeine Psychopathologie (General Psychopathology) was first published in 1913 (1). The author was then barely 30 years of age, working as a physician in the psychiatric hospital at Heidelberg. Two years later he moved away from medicine towards first psychology and then philosophy, the field in which he was to emerge as one of the outstanding figures of the twentieth century. He continued, however, to retain an interest in psychopathology, revising and expanding his book in several later editions. Within the German-speaking world it was at once recognized by leading psychiatrists as a unique achievement, a mountainous landmark in the history of the subject. If Jaspers' reputation was to decline in Germany between the two world wars, this is attributable chiefly to his outspoken, uncompromising resistance to national socialism. Philosophy for him was a public as well as a private concern, and it was his courageous political stand which led Hannah Arendt to describe him as a contemporary successor of Immanuel Kant.
Introduction
Authors: Orsini Francesca , Marzagora Sara , Laachir Karima
Published: May 2019

Against the nationalist production of monolingual literary histories, this introduction to the special section “Multilingual Locals” urges literary and intellectual historians to “place languages back into dialogue.” Colonialism did not always affect, let alone silence, cultural actors, but it did introduce a language ideology that associated one language to one community, and vice versa. Comparing the precolonial and the colonial period entails looking at multilingual systems, whose internal hierarchies and regional/transnational power dynamics evolved in time, but without reducing the plurality of languages involved. The essay suggests different ways in which we can place languages back into dialogue. One is looking at multilingual traces within a given text; another approach moves beyond the text to explore how multilingual canons and curricula were embodied in individuals or coexisted within the same social space. A third approach is an analysis of circuits and circulation. Finally, multilingualism can be turned into the plural as a study of comparative multilingualisms. Through these and other approaches, we can trace how colonial languages reorganized multilingual language systems but were far from replacing them, contrary to the stated objectives of monolingual nationalist ideologies.
Introduction
Authors: Jackson Simon
Published: May 2019

This essay introduces a special section dedicated to examining the history and culture of automobility, considering a quartet of essays on Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Libya and Algeria, and Syria. Jumping off from the work of Palestinian artist Jumana Manna to examine the motor vehicle as a multifaceted and ambiguous site of social experience and analytical possibility, the essay then sets the four essays that compose the section into the extant literature.
History in Pakistan and the Will to Architecture
Authors: Moffat Chris
Published: May 2019

This essay serves as both an introduction to the themed section and a provocation regarding a possible agenda for the anthropology of history in Pakistan. It considers the implications of Faisal Devji's argument that unity in Pakistan was originally pursued through a rejection of history, suggesting that attempts to identify an inheritance—to articulate the form and nature of a responsibility to the past—have proved intellectually and politically productive following the country's establishment in 1947 and its further rupture in 1971. It considers how Pakistan's unsettled relationship to the past is mediated through architecture—as professional practice, as physical object, but also as metaphor for thought. Arguing that public history projects in the country evince a “will to architecture”—the desire to erect a stable edifice in the face of a vertiginous historicity—it then explores heritage-making practices that manage to challenge or subvert this compulsion to foundation.
1971
Authors: Mookherjee Nayanika
Published: May 2019

The formation of Bangladesh in 1971 coincided with the death of three million people and rape of two hundred thousand women (according to official and contested figures) by the West Pakistani army and local East Pakistani collaborators. Yet 1971 rarely exists in any public form in Pakistan and there is no “will to architecture” in relation to it. This essay explores the phenomenon of “apparent amnesia” of the past that is 1971 in Pakistan. What implications does consigning 1971 to oblivion have for Pakistan's history? This essay seeks to examine the politics of knowing what not to narrate in relation to the disavowed pasts of 1971 in Pakistan. It draws on long-term ethnographic research on the public memories and nationalist narratives of sexual violence during the Bangladesh war of 1971, along with discussions with various Pakistani scholars and students and engagement with historical sources, government documents, textbooks, blog posts, press articles, and other secondary materials. This gives us an insight into what implications 1971 has for the understandings of apology and forgiveness in relation to the shadowy pasts of Pakistan.
An Elephant in the Room
Authors: Devji Faisal
Published: May 2019

Torn between a futurist vision of Pakistan, on one hand, and the desire for a conventionally historical narrative about its founding on the other, Muslim nationalism has always faced its past in the form of impossibility. As Devji discusses in this afterword, the essays in the special section “The Past for Pakistan” explore Pakistan's tormented relationship with history each in its own way, and whether this past is given the name of India or Islam. If Salma Siddique writes about the undecidability of origins in cinematic culture, Shruti Kapila demonstrates how Pakistan was imagined outside its own ideology and categories. Where Nayanika Mookherjee explores the different forms of historical amnesia and memory that define nationality in both wings of what was once Pakistan, Chris Moffat writes about the commemoration of transient and non-national pasts in the country's present.
Local treatment of oligometastatic disease: current role
Authors: Winkelmann Moritz T , Clasen Stephan , Pereira Philippe L , Hoffmann Rüdiger
Published: May 2019

The presence of distant metastases has long been a predictor of poor outcome in solid cancer. However, in an oncologic situation called oligometastatic disease (OMD), multiple studies have revealed a survival benefit with aggressive treatment of these metastases. Besides surgery and radiation therapy, local thermal therapies have developed into a treatment option for OMD. Most studies concerning local therapy of OMD are available for colorectal cancer, which is therefore the focus of this article. Furthermore, this review gives a basic overview of the most popular ablation techniques for treatment of OMD.
Introducing high school students to the Gene Ontology classification system
Authors: Dedhia Mehek , Kohetuk Kenneth , Crusio Wim E. , Delprato Anna
Published: May 2019

We present a tutorial that introduces high school students to the Gene Ontology classification system which is widely used in genomics and systems biology studies to characterize large sets of genes based on functional and structural information. This classification system is a valuable and standardized method used to identify genes that act in similar processes and pathways and also provides insight into the overall architecture and distribution of genes and gene families associated with a particular tissue or disease. By means of this tutorial, students learn how the classification system works through analyzing a gene set using DAVID the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery that incorporates the Gene Ontology system into its suite of analysis tools. This method of profiling genes is used by our high school student interns to categorize gene expression data related to behavioral neuroscience. Students will get a feel for working with genes and gene sets, acquire vocabulary, obtain an understanding of how a database is structured and gain an awareness of the vast amount of information that is known about genes as well as the online analysis tools to manage this information that is nowadays available. Based on survey responses, students intellectually benefit from learning about the Gene Ontology System and using the DAVID tools, they are better prepared for future database use and they also find it enjoyable.
A new look at IgE beyond allergies
Authors: Luker Andrea J. , Lownik Joseph C. , Conrad Daniel H. , Martin Rebecca K.
Published: May 2019

Immunoglobulin E (IgE), though constitutively present at low levels, is most commonly studied in atopic disease where it plays a vital role in mast cell degranulation and in initiating a T helper 2 (Th2) response. With the advent of better detection assays, however, researchers are discovering the importance of IgE in actively contributing to many disease states and pathologies. This review will discuss the latest findings in IgE beyond its role in allergies and recently discovered roles for IgE in its cell-bound form on FcεRI-expressing effector cells like monocytes and dendritic cells. In terms of parasites, we will discuss helminth-induced IgE that appears to protect the worms from immune recognition and a tick-borne illness that elicits an IgE response against red meat. Next, we describe recent findings of how auto-reactive IgE can contribute to the progression of lupus and induce organ damage. Finally, we summarize the emerging roles of IgE in tumor surveillance and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. We additionally discuss recent or ongoing clinical trials that either target harmful IgE or use the unique characteristics of the isotype.
Management of infected diabetic wound: a scoping review of guidelines
Authors: Tchero Huidi , Kangambega Pauline , Fluieraru Sergiu , Bekara Farid , Teot Luc
Published: May 2019

Background: Various international guidelines and recommendations are available for management of diabetic foot infections. We present a review of the guidelines and recommendations for management of these infections.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted through MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, LILACS, DARE, and national health bodies. Based on the review of fifteen documents, we present details on the importance of suspecting and diagnosing skin, superficial infections, and bone infections in diabetics.

Results: The guidelines recommend classifying the infections based on severity to guide the treatment. While antibiotics have shown the best results, other treatments like hyperbaric oxygen therapy and negative wound pressure have been debated. It is suggested that a team of specialists should be in-charge of managing the infected wounds. Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) 2012 guidelines are widely followed world-over. All guidelines and reviews have consistent suggestions on the assessment of the severity of infection, diagnosis, start, selection, and duration of antibiotic therapy.

Conclusions: It is reasonable to conclude that the IDSA 2012 guidelines are commonly followed across the world. There is a consensus among the Australian guidelines, Canadian guidelines, IDSA 2012, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2015, and International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) 2016 guidelines on the management of infected wounds for patients with diabetes mellitus.
Public health and health
Authors: Гонтарев Сергей , Gontarev Sergey
Published: May 2019

The textbook is developed in accordance with the program of academic discipline "Public health and health care", approved by the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation. The textbook includes modern knowledge in the field of public health and public health. Additionally, lectures on health Economics and automated management systems in health care are also included.
The textbook is designed for students and teachers of medical universities and faculties, doctors of various specialties.
Stochastic Monotonicity of Markovian Multiclass Queueing Networks
Authors: Haralambie Leahu , Mandjes Michel
Published: May 2019

Multiclass queueing networks (McQNs) extend the classical concept of the Jackson network by allowing jobs of different classes to visit the same server. Although such a generalization seems rather natural, from a structural perspective, there is a significant gap between the two concepts. Nice analytical features of Jackson networks, such as stability conditions, product–form equilibrium distributions, and stochastic monotonicity, do not immediately carry over to the multiclass framework. The aim of this paper is to shed some light on this structural gap, focusing on monotonicity properties. To this end, we introduce and study a class of Markov processes, which we call Q-processes, modeling the time evolution of the network configuration of any open, work-conservative McQN having exponential service times and Poisson input. We define a new monotonicity notion tailored for this class of processes. Our main result is that we show monotonicity for a large class of McQN models, covering virtually all instances of practical interest. This leads to interesting properties that are commonly encountered for “traditional” queueing processes, such as (i) monotonicity with respect to external arrival rates and (ii) star-convexity of the stability region (with respect to the external arrival rates); such properties are well known for Jackson networks but had not been established at this level of generality. This research was partly motivated by the recent development of a simulation-based method that allows one to numerically determine the stability region of a McQN parameterized in terms of the arrival-rates vector.
The regurgitating kitten
Authors: Bell Samantha
Published: May 2019

Vascular ring anomalies present in young patients and will inhibit growth and development. Therefore it is essential that these patients have the anomaly corrected as soon as clinically stable enough to undergo surgical correction. In particular the congenital malformation of the persistent right aortic arch (PRAA) is uncommon in practice to see, but does require good knowledge and understanding by the veterinary team to provide a successful outcome.
Outing representation: lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer politicians’ narratives
Authors: Tremblay Manon
Published: May 2019

In recent years, more out-of-the-closet lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer individuals have entered parliaments. Their visibility raises the question of how they imagine that their non-heteronormative sexuality interferes with their mandate of political representation. Based on interviews with 20 out of the 25 openly lesbian, gay and bisexual legislators in Canada in 2017, this article shows that they do imagine numerous ways in which being out of the closet empowers their role of representation. Without a doubt, being proudly visible is an asset for lesbian, gay and bisexual legislators.
Soft archives: Motherhood and daughterhood in post-socialist China
Authors: Jiang Zoe Meng
Published: May 2019

The mother–daughter relationship is important to an understanding of the changing configurations of gender politics from Mao to post-Mao era. This article explores female artists’ articulations of their gendered self in relation to their mothers in post-socialist urban China. Focusing on Ma Qiusha, Qin Jin and Huang Jing Yuan’s practices, I see the intersubjective experiences of mothers and daughters as ‘soft’ archives that illuminate how younger generations of Chinese artists face up to the reality of their mothers’ socialist histories and their own post-socialist situation, and how in this process, a non-official and non-dissident feminist space achieves visual and verbal forms.
Queer eye for Chinese women: Locating queer spaces in Shitou’s film Women Fifty Minutes
Authors: Bao Hongwei
Published: May 2019

This article offers a critical analysis of Chinese lesbian artist, filmmaker and activist Shitou’s 2006 film Women Fifty Minutes (nüren wushi fenzhong). Focusing on the representation of queer women in the film, I discern the existence and conditions of queer subjectivities and spaces in a postsocialist Chinese context. This article aims to disentangle different discourses of women and feminism in contemporary China as represented in the film and, in so doing, unravel the importance of sexuality in understanding feminism and women’s experiences. By looking at Chinese women through queer eyes, Shitou’s film brings queer public space into existence through representational and activist strategies; it also introduces sexuality and queerness into feminist debates.
Comparison of maximum likelihood, support vector machines, and random forest techniques in satellite images classification
Authors: Valero Medina José Antonio , Alzate Atehortúa Beatriz Elena
Published: May 2019

Context: Nowadays, the images of the Earth surface and the algorithms for their classification are widely available. In particular, the algorithms are promising in the differentiating of cotton crops stages, but it is necessary to establish the capabilities of the different algorithms in order to identify their advantages, and disadvantages.

Method: This paper describes the assessment process in which the Support Vector Machines (SVM) and random-forest technique (decision trees) are compared with the maximum likelihood estimation when differentiating the stages of cotton crops. A RapidEye satellite image of a geographic area in the municipality of San Pelayo, Cordoba (Colombia), is used for the study. Using a set of sampling polygons, a random sample of 6000 pixels was taken (2000 training and 4000 for validating the classifications.) Confusion matrices, and R (data processing and analysis software) were used during the validation process

Results: The maximun likelihood estimation presented a correct classification percentage of 68.95%. SVM correctly classified 81.325% of the cases and the decision trees correctly classified 78.925%. The confidence test for the classifications showed non-overlapping intervals, and SVM obtained the highest values.

Conclusions: It was possible to confirm the superiority of the technique based on support vector machines for the proposed verification zones. However, this technique requires a number of classes that comprehensively represent the variations of the image (in order to guarantee a minimum number of support vectors) to avoid confusion in the classification of non-sampled areas. This was less evident in the other two classification techniques analysed.
Hand Value Evaluation by Judge Gender and Education Background Influence on Woolen Fabric Fused with Interlinings for a Suit
Authors: Zhang Qian , Kan Chi-wai
Published: May 2019

Woolen fabric is the main fabric in suit manufacture regardless of fashion visual or quality request consideration. Interlinings play an important role to improve the formability, silhouette performance, and fabric hand value, which enhance suit performance and quality. The purpose of this study is to subjectively analyze the hand value of woolen fabric with interlinings and to assist in exploring the judges gender and education background influence on evaluation results. A subjective test was created using a questionnaire based on AATCC EP5. Four kinds of hand values (stiffness, softness, smoothness, and total hand value) were evaluated by 40 judges in two panels to evaluate the judges’ gender and education background influence on fabric hand value evaluation. The results show overall consistency on both panels.
Properties of Modacrylic Fibers Prepared from Poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinylchloride)—Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Coagulation and Diffusion during Wet Spinning
Authors: Hwang Jae Hyung , Choi Jae Sik , Wang Young Soo , Lim Dae Young , Youk Ji Ho , Jeong Won Young
Published: May 2019

In this study, we investigated the changes in the morphology, crystal structure, and mechanical properties of poly(acrylonitrile- co-vinylchloride) under various spinning conditions such as distance and concentration of coagulation bath and draw ratio. In addition, the diffusion rate of the solvent from the fiber during coagulation was studied to investigate the correlation between the properties of spun fiber and coagulation conditions. The mechanical properties and the crystal orientation were improved with the draw ratio at a constant concentration of the coagulation bath. Micro voids were decreased with increased initial dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentration in the coagulation bath at a constant temperature. In addition, the correlation between the spun fiber and its spinning conditions during the coagulation process was determined, leading to optimal spinning conditions.
Animating Relations: Digitally Mediated Intimacies between the Living and the Dead
Authors: Hales Molly
Published: May 2019

Recent theorizations of animation offer intriguing possibilities for recognizing and attending to the sociality of a range of entities, including the dead. Today, diverse digital media are being used to maintain and even deepen intimate relationships with deceased loved ones. These media bring the dead to presence through forms of animation, understood not only in the narrow technical sense as a media genre but more broadly as a mode of mediation that vivifies in particular ways. This mode of mediation is iterative, bringing forth the multiplicity of the dead. Their materializations are partial and fragmentary, cohering around a database of elements rather than a cohesive, narrative identity. They are sparsely outlined, evoked rather than depicted. When the dead are animated by digital media, they invite their loved ones to fill them, expanding into many versions to which shifting attachments can form. Those who answer their call extend their ambivalent hospitality, maintaining mutually constitutive relationships through which both the living and the dead are carried forth.
Spór o status archiwów audiowizualnych telewizji publicznej w Polsce
Authors: Skrzypczak Jędrzej
Published: May 2019

Przedstawiony w tytule niniejszego artykułu problem, budzący do dziś spory interpretacyjne, wymaga analizy z perspektywy różnych aktów normatywnych w kształcie obowiązującym na przestrzeni wskazanego wyżej czasu. W ramach Radiokomitetu w 1987 r. powołano wydzieloną komórkę organizacyjną Państwową Jednostkę Organizacyjną „Polskie Radio i Telewizja”. W takiej sytuacji to Skarb Państwa uważany był w stosunkach cywilno-prawnych za podmiot praw i obowiązków. Skoro p.j.o. PRiTV nie miała statusu odrębnej państwowej osoby prawnej oznaczało to, że mienie tworzone przez tę jednostkę, tzn. składniki materialne, ale także przedmioty prawa autorskich, były własnością Skarbu Państwa, a p.j.o. PRiTV posiadała te zasoby jedynie w zarządzie. W omawianym tu przypadku przedmiotowe mienie, w tym nośniki materialne, na których utrwalono utwory audiowizualne, jak i prawa autorskie i pokrewne do takich utworów, stawały się własnością Skarbu Państwa. Kwestie rozdysponowania majątku po likwidowanej p.j.o PRiTV zostały uregulowane w dwóch odrębnych trybach. Inny przewidziano dla gruntów, budynków i innych urządzeń oraz lokali znajdujących się na gruntach stanowiących własność Skarbu Państwa będących w dniu wejścia w życie ustawy w zarządzie PRiTV, a inny dla pozostałego mienia. W tym pierwszym przypadku składniki te stały się z mocy prawa przedmiotem użytkowania wieczystego utworzonych spółek. Zgodnie z kolei z art. 65 ust. 1 u.r.t.v. ówczesny Minister Finansów został zobowiązany do wniesienia do ww. spółek, mienia pozostałego po likwidacji państwowej jednostki organizacyjnej „Polskie Radio i Telewizja”. W momencie tworzenia TVP S.A. majątek likwidowanej jednostki nie został w pełni zinwentaryzowany i wyceniony, co miało późniejszy swój wpływ na przebieg sporu o status archiwów audiowizualnych telewizji publicznej. Kwestia ta m.in. stanowi przedmiot artykułu.
Komunikacja w cyberprzestrzeni – dobrodziejstwo czy zagrożenie?
Authors: Grochowski Robert
Published: May 2019

Korzystanie z cyberprzestrzeni może służyć dobrym celom, ale także być poważnym zagrożeniem. Poruszanie się w cyberprzestrzeni powoduje, że przyswajane wiadomości, jak i umiejętności są tylko powierzchowne. Zmniejszenie intensywności pracy mózgu oraz zatracanie gotowości do zapamiętywania jest spowodowane odciążaniem pamięci poprzez wykorzystywanie cyfrowych mediów. Jednym z poważniejszych zagrożeń w sieci jest cyberprzemoc. W Internecie dość częstym zjawiskiem jest agresja, czyli zachowanie, które ma sprawiać ból i cierpienie. Pojawia się w formie słownej, jak i ukrytej. Poza tym Internet staje się narzędziem sekt, które poprzez sieć werbują nowych członków. Uzależnienie od cyberprzestrzeni może prowadzić do wielu konsekwencji psychologicznych, jak i fizjologicznych. Obecnie dużym zagrożeniem okazuje się być sama ochrona naszych danych, których używać musimy do poruszania się w cyberprzestrzeni. Każdemu użytkownikowi tej sfery przysługuje wszak tzw. „prawo do zapomnienia”, które nie jest respektowane. Artykuł porusza więc wszelkiego rodzaju kwestie, odnoszące się do zagrożeń wynikających z przebywania w cyberprzestrzeni.
Oblicza partycypacji kobiet w systemach medialnych i w zawodzie dziennikarskim – wymiar europejski
Authors: Balczyńska-Kosman Alina
Published: May 2019

Partycypacja kobiet w przestrzeni publicznej, zarówno politycznej, jak i medialnej może przybierać różne wymiary. Bez względu jednak, czy aktywność kobiet dotyczy działań w dziedzinie polityki, czy mediów, często jest ona wyrazem ich walki o równouprawnienie i o własną podmiotowość. W tekście ukazane zostały wybrane aspekty dotyczące uczestnictwa kobiet w systemach medialnych w Europie. Celem artykułu było wskazanie na zjawisko dysproporcji w awansie zawodowym kobiet w organizacjach medialnych i utrzymujące się stereotypy dotyczące płci. W tekście zdefiniowane zostały podstawowe pojęcia, przedstawiono różnice w skali aktywności kobiet w systemach medialnych w Europie i omówiono główne wskaźniki partycypacji kobiet w mediach w świetle raportów Europejskiego Instytutu ds. Równości Kobiet i Mężczyzn. W zakończeniu zwrócono uwagę na potrzebę tworzenia właściwych wzorców awansu zawodowego w mediach, jako integralnej części polityki równości płci w Europie.
Successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with a novel mutation in coronin 1A
Authors: Ovadia Adi , Kim Vy Hong-Diep , Reid Brenda , Dadi Harjit , Pham-Huy Anne , Roifman Chaim M.
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Coronin 1A is part of a family of highly conserved actin regulatory proteins with key roles in T cell homeostasis and T cell receptor signaling. Null mutations in coronin 1A result in severe combined immunodeficiency, whereas hypomorphic mutations have been associated with a somewhat milder immunological phenotype. Nevertheless, all patients described so far have markedly reduced naïve peripheral T cells, impaired T cell responses to mitogens, and limited T cell receptor diversity. Interestingly, despite poor thymic output, thymus architecture appears normal. To date, only 2 cases of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have been reported in coronin 1A deficiency.

Aim: To describe the identification, transplantation course, and long term outcome of a Canadian Inuit patient diagnosed with coronin 1A deficiency.

Methods: Patient chart review was performed in accordance with institutional research ethics approval. A combination of immunological investigations and molecular genetic analyses were utilized to identify a novel mutation in the tryptophan-aspartate repeat region of coronin 1A. Based on the patient’s profound T cell dysfunction, the decision was made to proceed with HSCT.

Results: The patient presented with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections, otitis media, and developmental delay involving poor axial and peripheral muscle tone. Axillary lymphadenopathy was noted and subsequent thymus biopsy revealed aberrant CD7+ T cell deficiency. Lymphocyte responses to mitogens and T cell receptor excision circle levels were markedly reduced, consistent with the diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency. Whole exome sequencing and Sanger confirmation revealed a novel mutation in coronin 1A. HSCT using a HLA-matched unrelated donor resulted in long term engraftment and solid immune reconstitution.

Conclusion: Very few patients with coronin 1A deficiency have been described to date, making it difficult to evaluate its natural history and management. Here, we describe the presentation, identification, transplantation, and outcome in our patient.

Statement of novelty: We describe the successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation course and outcome in a patient with a novel mutation in coronin 1A.
Effect of different coupling agents on the thermal, mechanical and biological behavior of vinyl acetate-wood polymer composite
Authors: Ghorbani Maryam , Asghari Aghmashhadi Zahra , Amininasab Seyed Mojtaba , Abedini Raoufeh
Published: May 2019

Poplar wood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) was modified by a combined two-step treatment with different chemicals to improve its properties. Maleic anhydride (MAN), 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (TMPS) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) were first employed to modify wood cell wall resulting in WMAN, WTMPS and WGMA. Then, in a second step, the vinyl acetate (VA) monomer was let to polymerize within the cell lumina resulting in WPCMAN/VA, WPCTMPS/VA and WPCGMA/VA (WPCs). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) observations confirmed the bulking of modified cell walls. The thermal stability, mechanical properties and decay resistance of WPCs were remarkably improved compared to unmodified wood in the order WPCGMA/VA >  WPCTMPS/VA > WPCMAN/VA. WPCMAN/VA displayed a significant decay resistance increment, despite lower retention and reactivity than the WPCTMPS/VA, which is probably due to a better penetration into the cell wall and the higher degree of chemical modification of the wood components.
Measurement of mechanical properties of multilayer waterborne coatings on wood by nanoindentation
Authors: Wu Yan , Wu Jiamin , Wang Siqun , Feng Xinhao , Chen Hong , Tang Qinwen , Zhang Haiqiao
Published: May 2019

Waterborne coatings are widely used for environmental protection. However, they lead to many defects and lower the mechanical properties when applied to wood surfaces. To address this challenge, the effects of multilayer waterborne polycrylic coatings on the mechanical properties of southern pine cell walls were investigated by nanoindentation. The experimental results indicated that the coating layers significantly reduced the elastic modulus (E
r

) and hardness (H) values than the wood cell walls. The E
r

and H values measured along the coating layer thickness direction increased significantly as the distance of the indents to the wood surface decreased. Intact cell walls adjacent to or away from the coating layers had higher E
r

and H values than partial ones. This study will also be useful in helping to understand the bonding mechanism at the interface between coatings and wood cell walls.
Stabilising mannose using sodium dithionite at alkaline conditions
Authors: Lindén Pär A. , Lindström Mikael E. , Lawoko Martin , Henriksson Gunnar
Published: May 2019

The kraft process remains the dominant chemical pulping process but still struggles with extensive hemicellulose degradation. Such degradation has previously been mitigated through the use of anthraquinone; but due to it recently being found to have carcinogenic properties, anthraquinone is now being phased out. One alternative, sodium dithionite, was initially investigated in the 1950s but was found to be unviable. The present study investigated whether sodium dithionite could be made viable through the use of different processing parameters, using mannose as a model compound and measuring the yield of mannitol in the various systems using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Alkalinity was found to be crucial; at pH 14 as well as pH 7, dithionite indeed proved unviable, but if pH was kept at either 8 or 10 significant reduction was seen to occur. The best results were obtained at pH 10 when a lower temperature (70°C) was used to compensate for alkaline degradation of the mannose reactant.
Differential subordination results for Mittag-Leffler type functions with bounded turning property
Authors: Al-Janaby Hiba F. , Darus Maslina
Published: May 2019

We aim to present a new linear integral operator and a certain subclass of regular functions with bounded turning property in correlation with the extended generalised Mittag-Leffler functions. Several results concerning an application of differential subordination are also investigated.
Optical pulling forces on Rayleigh particles using ambient optical nonlinearity
Authors: Gong Liping , Zhang Xiaohe , Gu Bing , Zhu Zhuqing , Rui Guanghao , He Jun , Zhan Qiwen , Cui Yiping
Published: May 2019

Optical pulling forces exerted on small particles can be achieved by tailoring the properties of the electromagnetic field, the particles themselves, or the surrounding environment. However, the nonlinear optical effect of the surrounding environment has been largely neglected. Herein, we report the optical pulling forces on a Rayleigh particle immersed in a nonlinear optical liquid using high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser pulses. The analytic expression of time-averaged optical forces allows us to better understand the underlying mechanism of the particle transportation. It is shown that the two-photon absorption of the surrounding liquid gives rise to a negative radiation force. Transversely confined Rayleigh particles can be continuously dragged towards the light source during a pulling process.
A brief review on carbon selective membranes from polymer blends for gas separation performance
Authors: Sazali Norazlianie , Wan Salleh Wan Norharyati , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Ismail Nor Hafiza , Kadirgama Kumaran
Published: May 2019

The development of carbon membranes for the separation of various gases has gained interest among researchers due to their superior performance in gas separation. The preparation of carbon membranes by blending materials has many advantages including time and cost effectiveness for tuning the properties of the membranes. Here we review the recent research progress that has been made in the context of breakthroughs and challenges in the development of carbon membrane materials. In addition, we provide information regarding carbon membrane fabrication in terms of the selection of precursors and additives, carbon membrane process conditions, and coating conditions that influence the performance of gas separation of the resulting carbon membranes. The perspectives and future research directions for carbon membranes are also presented.
Rare earth nanofluorides: synthesis using ionic liquids
Authors: Guricová Miroslava , Pinc Jan , Malinčik Juraj , Rak Jakub , Kuchař Martin , Bartůněk Vilém
Published: May 2019

This review presents a comprehensive summary of the research progress on the synthesis of rare earth fluoride nanomaterials using the most common methods of synthesis. Special focus is on syntheses utilising ionic liquids, which is a new and promising way of preparing nanomaterials without the use of dangerous organic solvents (toxic, flammable, or combustive). Rare earth fluoride nanoparticles can be obtained with a high yield, purity, and crystallinity, and with different morphologies and luminescent properties depending on the selected method of synthesis.
Feasibility Study on Discrimination of Neo-plastic and Non-Neoplastic Gastric Tissues Using Spark Discharge Assisted Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Authors: Seifalinezhad Aida , Bahreini Maryam , Hassani Matin Mohammad Mahdi , Tavassoli Seyed Hassan
Published: May 2019

Introduction: The present work is a novel in vitro study that evaluated the possibility of diagnosing neoplastic from nonneoplastic gastric tissues using spark discharge assisted laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (SD-LIBS) method. Methods: In these experiments, the low energy laser pulses ablated a tiny amount of tissue surface leading to plasma formation. Then, a spark discharge was applied to plasma in order to intensify the plasma radiation. Light emission from plasma was recorded as spectra which were analyzed. Gastric tissues of 5 people were studied through this method. Results: The SD-LIBS technique had the potential to discriminate normal and cancerous tissues based on the significant differences in the intensities of some particular elements. The comparison of normalized calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) peaks of neoplastic and nonneoplastic gastric tissues could be viewed as a practical measure for tissue discrimination since Ca and Mg peaks in spectra of neoplastic were noticeably higher than nonneoplastic. Conclusion: Considering the identification of gastric cancer, the applied method in these experiments seems quite fast, noninvasive and cost-effective with respect to other conventional methods. The significant increment of specific Ca and Mg lines of neoplastic gastric tissues in comparison to the nonneoplastic ones can be considered as valuable information that might bring about tissue classification. The number of samples in this work, however, was not sufficient for a decisive conclusion and further researches is needed to generalize this idea.
Laser Aided Ceramic Restoration Removal: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ghazanfari Rezvaneh , Azimi Nahal , Nokhbatolfoghahaei Hanieh , Alikhasi Marzieh
Published: May 2019

Introduction: All-ceramic restorations are being widely used due to its various advantages. However, they have restricted durability and may have to be removed. The conventional procedure for removal is grinding the restoration with rotary instruments which are considered time-consuming and inconvenient. A newer advantageous method is the application of lasers for debonding ceramics from the tooth surface. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive literature review on laser-aided ceramic restorations debonding. Methods: We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Seven articles from 2011 to 2018 were identified. Studies were assessed for the efficacy of laser application and the amount of pulpal temperature rise. Results: Studies selected were categorized according to variables including shear bond strength, debonding time and intrapulpal temperature. Oztoprak and Iseri investigated that erbium-doped yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser application reduced shear bond strength of ceramic laminate veneers. The time of debonding took an average of 190 seconds in Rechmann’s study and 106 seconds in Morford’s study. One of the main issues while using the laser is thermal irritation of the pulp. A 5.5°C temperature increase may cause pulpal damage according to Zach and Cohen. Philips et al and Rechmann et al reported no intrapulpal harm due to temperature increase. Additionally, Phillips et al demonstrated that the laser setting affects both the debonding time and the temperature alterations and that a laser adjustment of 2.5 W/25 Hz would be the best safest group. Conclusion: Removal of ceramic crowns and veneers from tooth surfaces can be successfully done by Er:YAG laser application in a less time-consuming procedure and without any harm to the underlying dentin. However, a temperature rise in the pulp may occur which could be overcome by adequate air water cooling.
Experience of 138 Transurethral Urethrotomy With Holmium:YAG Laser
Authors: Fallah Karkan Morteza , Razzaghi Mohammad Reza , Karami Hossein , Ghiasy Saleh , Tayyebiazar Ali , Javanmard Babak
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Many valid option modalities are available for the management of urethral stricture disease (USD), such as internal urethrotomy which has the success rates of 33%–60%. The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of holmium: YAG (Ho: YAG) laser urethrotomy (HLU). Methods: One hundred thirty-eight patients with urethral stricture with the mean age of 48±3.03 years old treated by HLU from March 2011 to August 2017. The main purpose of this investigation was to evaluate mean operation time, stricture recurrence rate and post-operation Qmax and complications of transurethral HLU. Results: The most common cause of USD was trauma in 82 (59.4%) patients. Mean laser operation time, mean hospital stay and mean postoperative duration of catheterization were 23.08 ± 9.1 minutes, 19.02 ± 10.7 hours and 10.3 ± 1.05 days respectively. The mean Qmax was 8.3 ± 2.07 mL/s before surgery and 16 ±3.1 mL/s afterward. At the end of 12 months follow-up, a total of 37 (26.8%) patients developed recurrence of the stricture. Patients with posterior, longer urethral strictures and previous history of interventions have more recurrence rate of the stricture. Conclusion: HLU is minimally invasive and seems to be an effective and safe management option for primary, short, urethral strictures. The hospital stay is remarkably short and complications are negligible.
Clinical and Biological Effects of Adjunctive Photodynamic Therapy in Refractory Periodontitis
Authors: Habashneh Rola Al , Mashal Mohammad A , Khader Yousef , Qudah Rana
Published: May 2019

Introduction: To date, no novel treatment approach is available for optimum outcomes regarding refractory periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating patients diagnosed with refractory periodontitis and compare the clinical and biological outcomes of conventional periodontal treatment with or without adjunctive PDT in these patients, by assessing clinical parameters (plaque index [PI], gingival recession [GR], bleeding on probing [BOP], periodontal probing depth [PPD] and clinical attachment level [CAL]) as well as biological parameters (IL-1β) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Methods: Sixteen patients within the age of 30 to 60 years, with a mean age of 40 years old, diagnosed with refractory periodontitis were included. In this split mouth design study, 2 quads (1 upper + 1 lower) from the same patient were randomly treated with (scaling and root planing [SRP]+PDT) together. The other 2 quadrants (1 upper + 1 lower) were treated by SRP only and selected to serve as controls. Clinical parameters including PI, GR, BOP, PPD and CAL and biological parameters (IL-1β) in the GCF were measured at baseline, then at, 2 and 6 months after therapy. Results: A statistically significant reduction in several clinical parameters as, BOP (P < 0.001), PI (P < 0.001), PPD (P < 0.001) and CAL (P < 0.001) in quadrant treated with SRP and adjunctive PDT when compared to control group treated with SRP alone was observed and both therapies showed non-statistically significant differences in the reduction of IL-1β level. Conclusion: The inclusion of PDT as an adjunctive measure to nonsurgical conventional periodontal treatment seems to be a useful therapeutic measure in refractory periodontitis treatment.