bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Insentif Pajak, Pemeriksaan Pajak, dan Kepatuhan Pajak terhadap Penerimaan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Pada KPP Pratama Kembangan Jakarta Barat 2019-2021
Authors: Muhammad Bagus  , Nuramalia Hasanah  , Achmad Fauzi
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak insentif pajak, pemeriksaan pajak, dan kepatuhan pajak terhadap penerimaan pajak pertambahan nilai (PPN) yang dipungut oleh Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Kembangan di Jakarta Barat. Analisis ini mencakup seluruh PKP (Pemilik Usaha Kena Pajak) dari KPP Pratama Kembangan Jakarta Barat untuk tahun 2019 hingga 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan data time series untuk tahun 2019 dan 2020, dan metode pengambilan sampelnya didasarkan pada sampel saturasi populasi. Untuk penelitian ini, kami menggunakan SPSS versi 26 untuk melakukan analisis regresi linier berganda. Menurut temuan, insentif pajak memiliki dampak negatif dan besar pada penerimaan PPN, audit pajak memiliki dampak yang sama ke arah lain”, dan kepatuhan pajak memiliki dampak positif dan cukup besar pada penerimaan PPN. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, peneliti ke depan didorong untuk memperpanjang durasi studi mereka, memanfaatkan perhitungan selain faktor insentif pajak, meningkatkan pemeriksaan dan kepatuhan pajak, dan menambahkan lebih banyak variabel untuk menemukan atau menganalisis penerimaan pajak pertambahan nilai.
Pengaruh Struktur Modal dan Profitabilitas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Rachmadevi Gita Astika , Unggul Purwohedi  , I Gusti Ketut Agung Ulupui
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to test and analyze the effect of capital structure and profitability on company value with company size as moderating variable. This study used secondary data from financial report in the mining sector and basic industry and chemicals sector in 2019-2021 using a purposive sampling method. Based on the criteria, the sample used for this study was 48 companies in the mining sector and 68 companies in the basic industry and chemicals sector. The analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis using software EViews. The results showed that capital structure has a positive effect on the company value, profitability has a negative effect on the company value, company size has a negative effect on the company value, company size is able to moderate the effect of capital structure on company value, and company size is able to moderate the effect of profitability on company value.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Properti dan Real Estate
Authors: Vianti Madu , Adam Zakaria  , Achmad Fauzi
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze and test the influence of profitability, leverage, and firm’s size on the value of property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019-2022. Providing information about profitability, leverage, and firm’s size is one way to avoid conflicts between management and company owners that could affect the firm’s value. The method used in this study includes descriptive analysis, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t-test statistics, coefficient of determination, and model feasibility tests. The sampling technique employed in this study is purposive sampling, with 76 data samples. The results of this study indicate that, partially, profitability does not have a significant effect on the firm’s value. Leverage has a negative effect on the firm’s value, while firm’s size has a positive effect on the value of property and real estate companies. The coefficient of determination indicates that profitability, leverage, and firm’s size collectively influence the value of property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019-2022 with an impact of 12.4%.
Pengaruh E-Commerce, Budaya Organisasi, dan Pengetahuan Akuntansi terhadap Kinerja Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah
Authors: Natsiruddin Ahmad , Nuramalia Hasanah  , Diah Armeliza
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of the independent variable, namely E-Commerce,Organizational Culture, and Accounting Knowledge on the dependent variable, namely thePerformance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises. The population of this study is MSMEs located in the Pulogadung Small Industry Center (PIK) area, East Jakarta. MSME performance is measured by e-commerce, organizational culture, and accounting knowledge. The samples obtained were 80 respondents with simple random sampling method. The results of this study indicate that e- commerce does not have a significant effect on the performance of MSMEs and organizational culture and accounting knowledge have a significant influence on the performance of MSMEs.
Pengaruh Leverage dan Likuiditas terhadap Financial Distress dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Pemoderasi
Authors: Maulidya Putri , Rida Prihatni  , Indah Muliasari
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of leverage and liquidity on financial distress with profitability as a moderation. The population of this study is consumer cyclicals companies listed on IDX during the 2019-2021 period. The sampling method used purposive sampling. The analysis techniques used descriptive statistics, multicollinearity tests, logistic regression, and moderated regression analysis. The results show that leverage has a significant positive effect on financial distress, while liquidity has no effect on financial distress. In addition, profitability is able to moderate the effect of liquidity on financial distress, but unable to moderate the effect of leverage on financial distress.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LATIHAN DENGAN PERMAINAN DALAM OLAHRAGA MENEMBAK PADA ANGGOTA KLUB OLAHRAGA PRESTASI MENEMBAK UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Vipassiwan Sumedha , Sulaiman Iman , Sujiono Bambang
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

 

         Penelitian ini menjelaskan bagaimana mengembangkan model latihan dengan permainan dalam olahraga menembak pada anggota KOP menembak UNJ, dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah metode pengembangan model latihan dengan permainan dapat dijadikan program latihan menembak. Pengambilan data ini dilaksanakan di Lapangan Tembak Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Rawamangun â€“ Jakarta Timur. Pengambilan data untuk kelompok kecil dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2017, sedangkan untuk pengambilan data kelompok besar dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan atau biasa dikenal dengan Research and Development. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anggota klub olahraga prestasi menembak Universitas Negeri Jakarta dengan menggunakan Purposive Sampling untuk 10 orang menjadi kelompok kecil dan Purposive Sampling untuk 12 orang dijadikan kelompok besar. Berdasarkan hasil uji justifikasi ahli dan setelah selesai diuji cobakan kepada peserta maka tersaringlah 8 (delapan) model latihan menembak dengan permainan dari 30 (tiga puluh) model yang dibuat, yaitu: 1) Clear Them All 2) Clear Them All Group 3) Story Shoot 4) Colour Shoot 5) Listening Action 6) Hit the Small Things 7) Together Shoot dan 8) Together Shoot Hit The Small Things.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LATIHAN FOOTWORK CABANG OLAHRAGA BULUTANGKIS
Authors: Ramadhan Rahmat , Subarkah Ari , Wardoyo Hendro
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model latihan footwork cabang olahraga bulutangkis. Pendekatan penelitian pengembangan model latihan footwork cabang olahraga bulutangkis ini menggunakan model penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) dari Borg and Gall. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah dengan jumlah 12 atlet pada uji coba kelompok kecil dan 30 pada uji coba kelompok besar. Pada penelitian ini peneliti bekerjasama dengan tiga ahli dalam bilang olahraga bulutangkis sebagai expert judgement. Uji validitas yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan uji justifikasi ahli, dimana model latihan yang telah dibuat dan diuji cobakan kemudian dikonsultasikan dan dinilai oleh para ahli dalam bidang olahraga bulutangkis.

Adapun tujuan dari penelitan ini adalah untuk memberikan variasi model latihan footwork cabang olahraga bulutangkis agar atlet tidak merasa bosan melewati latihan khususnya pada materi latihan footwork dan agar tercapai latihan yang maksimal. Model latihan ini juga bertujuan untuk dapat dijadikan bahan referensi bagi para pelatih dalam membuat model latihan footwork sesuai dengan norma-norma.

Melalui uji validitas yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji justifikasi ahli, menghasilkan produk berupa model latihan footwork sebanyak 58 model latihan yang sesuai dengan teori footwork cabang olahraga bulutangkis.
Model Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Adaptif Berbasis Permainan Untuk Anak Tunagrahita Ringan
Authors: Sukriadi Slamet , Arif Muhamad
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya referensi untuk guru olahraga mengajarkan materi Pendidikan jasmani dengan permainan yang menyenangkan bagi tuna grahita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran Pendidikan jasmani adaptif yang sesuai dengan ketunaan anak. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) prosedur penelitian dan pengembangan ini menggunakan langkah ADDIE yaitu analyze, design, development, implementation, evaluate. Akan tetapi, peneliti hanya menjalankan tiga dari lima langkah tersebut karena kondisi pandemic COVID-19 yang tidak memungkinkan model pembelajaran ini di implementasikan kepada anak tunagrahita ringan di sekolah. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 17 model permainan yang tervalidasi layak oleh 6 validator bagi tunagrahita ringan. Model pembelajaran ini memenuhi sepuluh kriteria yaitu (1) menarik (2) memotivasi; (3) memuat ilustrasi (4) aspek linguistic; (5) erat dengan pelajaran yang lainnya (6) menstimulasikan aktivitas pribadi (7) menghindari konsep yang samar (8) sudut pandang jelas (9) penekanan pada nilai-nilai anak dan orang dewasa; (10) menghargai perbedaan.

 

Kata Kunci: Permainan, Tunagrahita, Pendidikan Jasmani

 

ABSTRACT

This research was motivated by a lack of references for sports teachers teaching physical education materials with fun games for the deaf.This research aims to improve the learning of adaptive physical education in accordance with the child's guidance.This research includes types of research and development (R&D). The results of this study show that (1) this research and development procedure uses ADDIE steps, namely analyze, design, development, implementation, evaluate.However, the researchers only implemented three of the five steps due to the COVID-19 pandemic condition which does not allow this learning model to be implemented to children with mild disabilities in school.The study resulted in 17 game models validated worthy of 6 validators for mild impairments.This learning model meets ten criteria namely (1) interesting (2) motivating; (3) contains illustrations (4) linguistic aspects; (5) closely with other lessons (6) stimulate personal activity (7) avoid vague concepts (8) clear points of view (9) emphasis on the values of children and adults; (10) appreciate the difference.

 

Keywords: Games, Visual Impairment, Physical Education
Studi Literasi Tentang Frekuensi Langkah Dan Panjang Langkah Pada Kecepatan Lari Sprint 100 Meter
Authors: Soemaredjo Bambang sujiono
Published: March 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi langkah dan panjang langkah terhadap kecepatan lari sprint 100 meter pada atlet-atlet top dunia.  Penelitian ini secara keseluruhan dilakukan melalui studi literatur dengan data-data yang ada di artikel serta informasi di media social. Penelitian ini mengggunakan sampling atlet-atlet putera dan puteri yang telah menjuarai dibeberapa kejuaraan atletik dunia.  Disain Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis dokumenter pada data-data yang ada di media olahraga dan juga artikel berupa profil dari atlet putera dan puteri yang telah menjuarai beberapa kejuaraan dunia atletik. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan : 1). Frekuensi langkah merupakan faktor yang memberikan kontribusi lebih besar terhadap kecepatan lari Sprint dibandingkan dengan panjang langkah,2). Sprinter dengan Tinggi Badan dibawah 180 cm memiliki kecepatan lari yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan Sprinter dengan Tinggi Badan diatas 180 cm,3). Sprinter dengan Tinggi Badan diatas 180 cm jumlahnya lebih banyak dibandingan dengan Sprinter dengan Tinggi Badan dibawah 180 cm.

 

Kata kunci: Frekuensi Langkah, Panjang Langkah, Lari Sprint 100 meter.

 

ABSTRACT

The study aims to find out the frequency of steps and the length of steps against the 100-meter sprint speed in the world's top athletes.This research was conducted in its entirety through literature studies with the data in the article as well as information on social media.This study uses sampling of male and female athletes who have won in several world athletics championships.This research design uses documentary analysis method on data in sports media and also articles in the form of profiles of male and female athletes who have won several athletics world championships.The results of this study were obtained: 1). Step frequency is a factor that contributes more to Sprint running speed compared to the length of the step,2).Sprinters under 180 cm have a better running speed compared to sprinters with a height above 180 cm,3).Sprinters with height above 180 cm are more numerous than sprinters with heights below 180 cm.

 

Keywords: Step Frequency, Step Length, Sprint Speed 100 Meters
Osteoporosis management in a rural community hospital in Japan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mabuchi Sayaka , Ohta Ryuichi , Sano Chiaki
Published: March 2024

Objectives: Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by decreased bone strength and an increased risk of fragility fractures. Its prevalence is increasing in developed countries, highlighting the need for appropriate diagnosis and intervention. However, in practice, adequate testing and treatment are not often provided. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the status of osteoporosis management in a rural community hospital in Japan.
Design: Cross-sectional.
Setting: Department of General Medicine from a rural community hospital, Japan.
Participants: A total of 984 women aged ≥65 years who were recommended to undergo osteoporosis screening.
Primary and secondary outcome measures: Bone mineral density (BMD) testing rate and characteristics of patients who underwent these tests, including diagnosis and treatment rates for osteoporosis.
Results: The BMD testing rate was 14%. Despite being at risk of osteoporosis, older patients and those requiring nursing care showed a lower rate of testing. The proportion of patients diagnosed withosteoporosis was 41%, and the treatment rate was 19%.
Conclusions: The management of osteoporosis in a rural Japanese community hospital was found to be inadequate. The rate of BMD testing was low, particularly among older adults and those requiring nursing care. This finding suggests that these patients may be considered to have osteoporosis without confirming the diagnosis through testing based on their age alone, raising the question of ageism and highlighting the importance of personalized healthcare that is not based solely on age. Further cohort studies and intervention strategies are required to fully investigate these issues.
Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire for Corneal Anesthesia Patients: A Content Validity Assessment
Authors: Dimaras Helen , Khan Farheen , Noronha Roxanne , Williams Sara , Satgunalingam Anojan , Wong-Riff Karen , Ali Asim
Published: March 2024

Background/Objectives: FACE-Q Craniofacial Module (FACE-Q) is a validated patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for appearance. This study aimed to assess the content validity of FACE-Q for use in patients treated for corneal anesthesia. Subjects/Methods: This was a prospective observational and qualitative study. Cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted with patients ≥ 8 years old who had surgical treatment for corneal anesthesia at least six months before time of study. Interviews consisted of gathering feedback on the comprehensibility, comprehensiveness, and relevance of three eye scales and checklists and four health-related quality-of-life scales. Based on the input from participants and further discussion with ophthalmologists, scientists, and patient advocates, the scales and checklists were modified, then further refined with input from additional participants. Results Feedback on the FACE-Q scales and checklists was obtained from 10 participants. Instructions for the scales were modified to enhance comprehensibility. Eleven items were revised for enhanced comprehensibility and relevance. Twelve items were added to enhance comprehensiveness. Four items were removed due to their irrelevance to corneal anesthesia. Modifications to the eye and health-related quality-of-life scales were generally condition-specific and generic respectively. A comment section was added to the end of each scale and checklist. Conclusions FACE-Q may be a suitable PROM to adapt to measure appearance-based outcomes in corneal anesthesia patients. With lived expertise, clinical, and scientific input, the content validity of FACE-Q was improved for use in corneal anesthesia patients. The modified FACE-Q is now ready for psychometric evaluation and further validation.
Evaluation of state early childhood education licensing policies with recommended sanitation and hygiene related practices: A multi-state policy evaluation
Authors: Besrat Bethlehem N. , Lynch Claire Burns , Marshall Janese , Garcia-Williams Amanda G. , Esschert Kayla Vanden , Rutt Candace
Published: March 2024

Objective: Each year, an estimated 12.5 million children under age 5 utilize early childhood education (ECE) facilities. States have developed licensing regulations to ensure the safe operation of facilities, including requirements related to sanitation and hygiene practices. This study aimed to evaluate sanitation- and hygiene-related practices included in ECE regulations to assess their alignment with best practices outlined in Caring for Our Children National Health and Safety Performance Standards (CFOC).
Methods: CFOC standards were reviewed, and 42 sanitation- and hygiene-related practices were identified. These recommended practices fell into five categories: toileting, diapering, cleaning, hand hygiene, and general hygiene. State regulations for all 50 US states were compared with recommended best practices from CFOC. Using a standardized codebook, two coders independently reviewed each state regulation and assessed how well it aligned with recommended best practices from CFOC using a 4-point Likert Scale (1 – Not addressed, 2 – Somewhat addressed, 3 – Mostly addressed, 4 – Fully addressed).
Results: Across all sanitation and hygiene standards evaluated, 64% of standards were scored somewhat, mostly, or fully addressed in state ECE regulations, with 7% of standards scored as fully addressed. Standards in the diapering, toileting, and cleaning category were scored somewhat, mostly, or fully addressed more often compared to standards in the general hygiene and hand hygiene category.
Conclusions: Few state ECE regulations fully addressed recommended sanitation and hygiene practices. As state regulations are updated, future studies can compare and evaluate licensing regulations alignment to recommended best practices for safe and hygienic operation of facilities.
Metabolomics combined with transcriptomics reveals the accumulation mechanism of the fruit pulp colour of Baccaurea ramiflora Lour
Authors: Huang Jianjian , Chen Jie , Zhu Hui , Zheng Yuzhong , Zheng Jiaqi , Wen Xueying , Cai Suying , Zhu Yingchun , Wu Qinghan , Chen Zikai , Wu Fengnian
Published: March 2024

Baccaurea ramiflora Lour., a wild fruit tree with edible, ornamental, and medicinal qualities. The mechanism behind the color accumulation in its fruit pulp, which can be either pink or milky-white, remains unclear. This study investigates the metabolome and transcriptome of two B. ramiflora pulp types—LR (milky-white at maturity) and BR (pink at maturity)—to elucidate their coloration processes. We identified 35 flavonoids, including nine involved in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway, confirming cyanidin as the pivotal pigment for the pink pulp coloration. An examination of the flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthetic pathways in B. ramiflora pulp uncovered 38 differentially expressed genes associated with structural genes. The genes F3′5′H and UFGT exhibited high expression levels in the first two developmental stages of BR, significantly more than in LR, and were almost non-existent in later stages, signifying their crucial role in the differential color accumulation between BR and LR pulps. Additionally, the expression levels of CHI and FLS, early-stage structural genes in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway, correlated with the concentrations of naringenin and quercetin, indicating their importance in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway of B. ramiflora pulp. These discoveries provide new insights that could facilitate the breeding of B. ramiflora varieties with diverse pulp colors.
CircCNOT6L modulates alternative splicing of SLC7A11 via splicing factor SRSF2 to confer ferroptosis resistance and promote metastasis in prostate cancer
Authors: Yao Xudong , Liu Ji , Niraj Maskey , Zhu Xiaojun , Guo Yadong , Zhang Zhijin , Kadier Aimaitiaji , Gu Zhuoran , Wang Hong , Zou Libin , guo changcheng , Yang Bin , Zhang Junfeng , Mao Shiyu
Published: March 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis has emerged as a leading cause of mortality globally. Due to the distinctive looping structure, circRNA has become an ideal biological tumor marker. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism and function of CircRNA, specifically circCNOT6L, on PCa metastasis. A loss-of-function assay was conducted in vitro to assess the impact of circCNOT6L on cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and ferroptosis. Additionally, a xenograft mouse model was employed to elucidate circCNOT6L’s influence on subcutaneous tumor xenograft and lung metastasis. Biochemical experiments elucidated the molecular mechanism by which circCNOT6L promotes malignant progression in PCa cells by modulating ferroptosis. Additionally, the combination of CircCNOT6L-si and a ferroptosis activator was tested in organoids to evaluate their potential as suppressors of tumorigenesis. The novel circular RNA, circCNOT6L, was highly expressed in both PCa metastatic tissues and cells. circCNOT6L suppression resulted in a notable inhibition in PCa cell migration, invasion, and ferroptosis in vitro. Furthermore, circCNOT6L inhibition hindered the growth and metastasis of mouse xenografts. Mechanistically, circCNOT6L, generated by the RNA-binding protein EIF4A3, competes with miR-143-5p for binding, thereby facilitating SRSF2-dependent splicing of SLC7A11 pre-RNA. This process inhibited ferroptosis in PCa cells and promoted PCa progression. Finally, inhibiting circCNOT6L overexpression in combination with theferroptosis activator (Erastin) significantly suppressed the viability of prostate-derived organoids. In conclusion, in the present study, we found that circCNOT6L induced by EIF4A3 through the SRSF2/SLC7A11 axis effectively inhibits ferroptosis, which in turn promotes malignant progression of prostate cancer.
Ni-catalysed acceptorless dehydrogenative aromatisation of cyclohexanones enabled by concerted catalysis specific to supported nanoparticles
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuya , Yatabe Takafumi , Matsuyama Takehiro , Yabe Tomohiro
Published: March 2024

The dehydrogenative aromatisation of cyclohexanone derivatives has had a transformative influence on the synthesis of aromatic compounds because functional groups can be easily introduced at desired positions via classic organic reactions without being limited by ortho-, meta- or para-orientations. However, research is still limited on acceptorless dehydrogenative aromatisation, especially with regard to nonprecious-metal catalysts. Ni is a promising candidate catalyst as a congener of Pd, but thermally Ni-catalysed dehydrogenative aromatisation has not been reported even in an oxidative manner because of the difficulty of b-hydride elimination and the fast re-insertion of Ni–H species. Here, we report a CeO2-supported Ni(0) nanoparticle catalyst for acceptorless dehydrogenative aromatisation of cyclohexanone derivatives. This catalyst is widely applicable to various compounds such as cyclohexanols, cyclohexylamines, N-heterocycles, enamines and N-alkyl piperidones. Through various experiments, we demonstrate that the present reaction was achieved by the concerted catalysis utilizing metal ensembles unique to supported metal nanoparticle catalysts.
Physicians' Views and Knowledge on the Antibiotic Treatment of Pneumonia in Advanced Dementia
Authors: Harpaz Itai , Punchik Boris , Freud Tamar , Press Yan
Published: March 2024

Background
Antibiotic treatment (AT) for patients with advanced dementia and pneumonia is a complex issue. AT can prolong life, but it can also prolong suffering for the patient and the family. In this study we evaluated physicians’ attitudes to this issue.
Methods
A vignette-based survey among community-based physicians (CBP) and hospital-based physicians (HBP) who work in southern Israel. The physicians were asked to complete a questionnaire on their knowledge and attitudes to AT, based on a case description of a patient with advanced dementia and pneumonia.
Results
211 physicians participated in the study including 134 CBP (63.5%) and 77 HBP (36.5%). 177 physicians chose the AT option for the patient presented in the case, with 59.7% of the HBP and 32.8% of the CBP choosing intravenous (IV) AT (p = 0.017). In contrast, in the same case, but with themselves as the patient, 68.8% of HBP and 32.8% of CBP chose the option of palliative care without AT, with only 14.3% of HBP and 10.4% of CBP choosing the option of hospitalization with IV AT. In two logistic regression models, physicians who chose IV AT for themselves were fourfold more likely to make a similar choice for their patients. Over 75% of the physicians were not knowledgeable about the administration of AT in accordance with the Dying Patient Act.
Conclusions
The results of this study indicate the need for an educational intervention among physicians to expand their knowledge and expertise on end-of-life treatment for patients with advanced dementia. In addition, we invite policy makers to convene a discussion on the possibility of changing the law to facilitate the conduct of studies of patients with advanced dementia. Such studies would make it possible to develop an evidence-based treatment strategy.
Metastatic cancer patients hospitalized at initial diagnosis: when does rescue systemic therapy make sense?
Authors: Vercueil Colin , Varnier Romain , Seban Romain , Ciaptacz Lisa , Pavillet Julien , Fraisse Cléa , Darbas Tiffany , Abdallahoui Safa , Cox David , Martin Sophie , Trensz Philippe , Kurtz Jean-Emmanuel , Gantzer Justine , Amé Shanti , Bouleuc Carole , Chvetzoff Gisèle , Eberst Lauriane
Published: March 2024

Purpose Therapeutic management of metastatic cancer patients who are hospitalized at the time of initial diagnosis because of impaired performance status and/or severe symptoms is challenging for clinicians. This study describes their outcome and the effect of systemic anti-neoplastic treatment (SANT) initiation on survival.Methods In this prospective multicentric study, we included all adult, inpatients with newly diagnosed metastatic solid tumors. Our primary objective was to describe overall survival (OS). Secondary objectives included assessing SANT effectiveness, identifying factors influencing initiation of SANT, and assessing usual prognostic tools and factors associated with response.Results 107 patients were included over a six-month period. Seventy-four (69%) initiated a SANT. Among them, 39 patients were alive at 3 months. Median overall survival was 1.7 months for the entire cohort. Thirty-seven patients (55%) died in the unit where they were first admitted. Patients with chemo-sensitive tumors or targeted therapy for specific molecular alterations showed better outcomes. Factors associated with the initiation of a SANT were young age (OR = 0,94 [0,90; 0,98]), low Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR = 0,56 [0,42; 0,73]), and patient’s or caregiver’s request for treatment (OR = 0,07 [0,02; 0,17] and 0,17 [0,06; 0,42], respectively).Conclusion Metastatic cancer patients hospitalized at the time of diagnosis share a similar poor survival. With the notable exception of chemosensitive tumors and specific molecular alterations, initiation of SANT seems to have a limited impact on their outcomes. Best supportive care can be reasonably considered for these patients. The benefit of SANT in this altered population should be assessed in larger prospective studies.
The Silent Contributors: A Qualitative Study to Bridge the Gap between Driver Behavior and Systemic Issues Interactions to Crashes
Authors: Mortazavi Seyed Meysam , Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun , Charkhabi Soheyla Ahmadi , Rasoulzadeh Yahya , Nadrian Haidar
Published: March 2024

Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs) disproportionately impact Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Current interventions in LMICs primarily target road user behavior, neglecting systemic issues and casting drivers as mere contributors. Given the unique cultural, financial, and social intricacies in LMICs, this study aims to explore the latent causes of RTCs, prioritizing drivers' experiences and encompassing insights from various traffic system components. Applying a qualitative approach, data were collected through 46 semi-structured interviews with 38 participants, including drivers and experts from traffic-related organizations. Content analysis identified ten themes as contributing to driving errors. Direct factors included fatigue influenced by economic and occupational conditions, distraction from internal and external sources, reckless behaviors influenced by traffic culture and environment, and Inadequate driving skills due to training. Macro-scale challenges in road infrastructure, vehicle quality, education, and accident investigations were highlighted. The lack of a centralized traffic safety authority and a predominant focus on penalizing drivers overshadowed systemic issues. The study offers valuable insights into the complex interplay of factors contributing to driving errors in LMICs, advocating for a paradigm shift towards holistic, systemic interventions beyond individual driver behavior and challenging the conventional blame-centric view associated with driving errors.
Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles mediated by Ammi visnaga extract enhanced systemic resistance and triggered multiple defense-related genes, including SbWRKY transcription factors, against tobacco mosaic virus infection
Authors: Aseel Dalia G. , Ibrahim Omar M. , Abdelkhalek Ahmed
Published: March 2024

Background
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a highly infectious plant virus that impacts a broad variety of plants and reduces crop yield around the world. Here, we assessed the effectiveness of using Ammi visnaga aqueous extract to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and their potential to combat TMV. Different techniques were used to characterize Ag-NPs, such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
Results
TEM demonstrated that the biosynthesized Ag-NPs had a spherical form with an average size of 25 nm. The zeta potential indicated the high stability of Ag-NPs, with a value of -15.9 mV. FTIR revealed various functional groups involved in the stability and capping of Ag-NPs. Interestingly, the Pre-treatment of tobacco plants (protective treatment) with Ag-NPs at 100 or 500 µg/mL significantly suppressed viral symptoms, while the Post-treatment (curative treatment) delayed their appearance. Furthermore, protective and curative treatments significantly increased chlorophyll a and b, total flavonoids, total soluble carbohydrates, and antioxidant enzymes activity. At the same time, it caused a drop in oxidative stress markers. The RT-qPCR results and volcano plots analysis showed that the Ag-NPs treatments triggers and regulates transcriptional of ten defense-related genes (SbWRKY-1, SbWRKY-2, JERF-3, GST-1, POD, PR-1, PR-2, PR-12, PAL-1, HQT-1). The heatmap revealed that GST-1, the primary gene involved in anthocyanidin production, was consistently the most expressed gene across all treatments throughout the study. Analysis of the gene co-expression network revealed that SbWRKY-19 was the most central gene among the studied genes, followed by PR-12 and PR-2.
Conclusions
Overall, the reported antiviral properties (protective and/or curative) of biosynthesized Ag-NPs against TMV lead us to recommend using Ag-NPs as a simple, stable, and eco-friendly agent in developing pest management programs against plant viral infections.
Development of a novel rodent model for dog heartworm microfilaremia using the severe-combined immunodeficiency mouse
Authors: Mizuseki Mihoko , Ikeda Nao , Shirozu Takahiro , Ymagishi Maki , Oshiro Sugao , Fukumoto Shinya
Published: March 2024

Dirofilaria immitis is a mosquito-borne parasitic nematode that causes fatal heartworm disease in canids. The fine microfilariae are essential for research, including drug screening and mosquito-parasite interactions. However, no reliable methods for maintaining fine microfilaria long-term are currently available. Therefore, we used severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice to develop a reliable method for maintaining D. immitis microfilaria. SCID mice were injected intravenously with microfilariae isolated from a D. immitis-infected dog. Microfilariae were detected in blood collected from the tail vein 218 days post-inoculation (dpi) and via cardiac puncture 296 dpi. Microfilariae maintained in and extracted from SCID mice showed infectivity and matured into third-stage larvae (L3s) in the vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. L3s can develop into the fourth stage larvae in vitro. Microfilariae from SCID mice respond normally to ivermectin in vitro. The microfilariae in SCID mice displayed periodicity in the peripheral circulation. The SCID mouse model aided in the separation of superior microfilariae from cryopreserved specimens. The use of SCID mice enabled the isolation and sustained cultivation of microfilariae from clinical samples. These findings highlight the usefulness of the SCID mouse model for studying D. immitis microfilaremia in canine heartworm research.
LncRNA Inhibits the Viability of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) by Targeting the miR-330-5p/BCL2L2 Axis
Authors: Ye Haihan , Fan Xiaowei , Yang Enyu , Ding Qianyun , Zheng Aiwen , Ding Xianfeng , Wu Shupeng
Published: March 2024

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important regulatory roles in the progression of kinds of cancers. However, the biological roles of most lncRNAs in breast cancer, especially TNBC, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the functional of a novel lncRNA, named lncRNA EWSAT1, in the breast cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms. EWSAT1 was significantly upregulated in the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues in the GEO databases. We verified the upregulated level of EWSAT1 in the TNBC patients’ serums compared with healthy serums, which also associated with clinical diagnosis. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that microRNA (miR)-330-5p was a potential target of SEAS1. Dual luciferase reporter assays confirmed that EWSAT1 functioned as a sponge for miR-330-5p, regulating the expression of BCL2L2. Moreover, RT-qPCR demonstrated that EWSAT1 negatively regulated the expression of miR-330-5p, and positively regulated the expression of BCL2L2 at transcription and protein level. CCK-8 demonstrated that EWSAT1 could inhibit the viability of TNBC cells. In conclusion, our studies find a functional lncRNA EWSAT1 in the TNBC, and reveal a novel pathway for TNBC treatment via EWSAT1/miR-330-5p/BCL2L2, and suggest EWSAT1 might be a potential biomarkers for TNBC diagnosis and therapeutic target for TNBC.
Changes in work after cancer diagnosis and their associations with depressive symptoms among cancer survivors: findings from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Authors: Lee Da-eun , Kim Yeonjin , Kim Young-mee , Cho Sung-il
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Cancer survivors encounter significant psychological suffering throughout their survivorship, and are prone to develop depressive symptoms. While work contributes to getting personal fulfillment and social connections with resilience against these adversities, some cancer survivors find it challenging to maintain employment. This research aimed to identify the association between changes in work and depressive symptoms among cancer survivors in Korea, to emphasize the importance of support in their employment and to prevent depressive symptoms.
Methods
This study used the panel data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing(KLoSA) and included 166 cancer survivors(656 observations) between 2005 and 2018, aged 65 or younger. Changes in work were categorized as continuous unemployment or employment, quitting a job, and getting a job. The presence of depressive symptoms was defined using CES-D-10 and a multivariable generalized estimating equation(GEE) was employed to estimate the odds ratio(OR).
Results
For depressive symptoms, the OR of the continuous unemployment group was 3.28(95% CI = 1.24–8.71), and the OR of the group quitting a job was 2.53(95% CI = 1.00–6.38), compared to the continuous employment group. In addition, as survivorship increased, the odds of depressive symptoms decreased(OR = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.84–0.98).
Conclusions
Cancer survivors who quit a job or continued unemployment were more likely to get depressive symptoms, and the acute survivor stage was also associated. Assistance for continuing work or preparing alternative employment for cancer survivors can enhance resilience, lowering the risk of depressive symptoms. Psychological care is crucial, particularly post or under primary cancer treatment period.
Effects of Mediterranean Diet During Pregnancy on the Onset of Overweight or Obesity in the Offspring: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Canani Roberto Berni , Coppola Serena , Paparo Lorella , Bedogni Giorgio , Nocerino Rita , Costabile Davide , Cuomo Mariella , Chiariotti Lorenzo , Carucci Laura , Agangi Annalisa , Napolitano Marcello , Messina Francesco , Passariello Annalisa
Published: March 2024

Background/Objectives
Maternal diet during pregnancy could represent a potential target for pediatric overweight/obesity prevention. Mediterranean Diet (MD) is one of the healthiest dietary models exerting protective effects against excess weight. To date, the evidence on the MD-effects during pregnancy for the prevention of childhood overweight/obesity are scarce and based on observational studies. The Mediterranean Diet during Pregnancy (PREMEDI) trial has been designed to evaluate the efficacy of a nutritional counseling aimed at promoting MD-adherence during pregnancy on the occurrence of overweight or obesity at 24 months in the offspring.
Methods
The PREMEDI was a randomized-controlled, parallel groups, prospective trial. 104 women in their first trimester of pregnancy were randomly assigned to standard obstetrical and gynecological care alone (CT group, n=52) or plus a nutritional counseling promoting MD (MD group, n=52). 5 women in the MD arm and 2 women in the CT arm were lost to follow-up. Women enrolled in the MD group were provided 3 session of nutritional counseling (one session for trimester). The primary outcome was the proportion of overweight or obesity at 24 months. Other outcomes included maternal MD-adherence, maternal weight gain, and epigenetic modulation of genes involved in metabolic pathways.
Results
A lower proportion of overweight or obesity was observed at 24 months in children of MD-arm mothers compared to those in the CT arm (6% vs. 33%, absolute risk difference=-27%, 95%CI -41% to -12%, intention to treat analysis, p<0.001; number needed to treat 3, 95%CI 2 to 8). This effect was associated with a higher DNA methylation rate of the leptin gene in cord blood (30.4% [1.02 SD] vs. 16.9% [2.99 SD], MD vs. CT arm, p<0.0001).
Conclusions
MD during pregnancy is an effective strategy to prevent pediatric overweight/obesity at 24 months. This effect could be mediated, at least in part, by an epigenetic modulation of leptin expression.
Improved Arabic Query Expansion using Word Embedding
Authors: Al-Lahham Yaser
Published: March 2024

Word embedding enhances pseudo-relevance feedback query expansion (PRFQE), but training word embedding models needs a long time and is applied on large-size datasets. Moreover, training embedding models need special processing for languages with rich vocabulary and complex morphological structures, such as Arabic. This paper proposes using a representative subset of a dataset to train such models and defines the conditions of representativeness. Using a suitable subset of words to train a word embedding model is effective since it dramatically decreases the training time while preserving the retrieval efficiency. This paper shows that the subset of words that have the prefix ‘AL,’ or the AL-Definite words, represent the TREC2001/2022 dataset, and, for example, the time needed to train the SkipGram word embedding model by the AL-Definite words of this dataset becomes 10% of the time the whole dataset needs. The trained models are used to embed words for different scenarios of Arabic query expansion, and the proposed training method shows effectiveness as it outperforms the ordinary PRFQE by at least 7% Mean Average Precision (MAP) and 14.5% precision improvement at the 10th returned document (P10). Moreover, the improvement over not using the query expansion is 21.7% for MAP and 21.32% for the P10. The results show no significant differences between using different word embedding models for Arabic query expansion.
Novel Image Analytic Approach Reveals New Insights in Fine Tuning of Slime Mould Network Adaptation
Authors: Rosina Philipp , Grube Martin
Published: March 2024

This study introduces a novel methodology to explore the network dynamics of Physarum polycephalum, an organism celebrated for its remarkable adaptive capabilities. We used two innovative techniques to analyse its growth behaviour and network modifications under varying stress conditions, including starvation and differential epinephrine exposures. The first method provided a quantitative assessment of growth and exploration over time, revealing significant reductions under stress. The second method provided a detailed microscopic examination of vein diameter and contraction patterns, illuminating the physiological adjustments P. polycephalum undergoes in response to environmental challenges. By integrating these approaches, we were able to estimate the total network volume of the organism, with a focus on the normalised estimated volume, unveiling insightful aspects of its structural adaptations. While starvation markedly reduced the volume, indicating a significant structural compromise, low and high epinephrine concentrations maintained a volume-to-area ratio comparable to the control. These methods, unprecedented in their application to P. polycephalum, enhance our ability to measure complex biological phenomena and offer a replicable framework for future research in similar systems. This research establishes a foundation for exploring complex network behaviours in biological systems, highlighting the potential of the organism in bioengineering and adaptive network design.
Contacts with environmental biodiversity affect human health: links to allergies, physical and mental health revealed during the initial waves of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Divín Daniel , Toman Jan , Flegr Jaroslav , Vinkler Michal
Published: March 2024

The gradual decrease in the prevalence of serious infectious diseases over the last century has been followed by increase in so called “modern” diseases, including allergies, chronic inflammatory conditions, psychiatric, and metabolic disorders. Between 2019 and 2022, public awareness of the threat of infectious diseases in humans was renewed by the global pandemic of a new type of a coronavirus, the SARS-COV-2. This public interest opened improved possibilities to test hypotheses on the factors associated with inter-individual variation in susceptibility to infectious and “modern” diseases. Based on the Hygiene hypothesis and Biodiversity hypothesis, we predicted that contacts with natural environment and wildlife in childhood and/or in adulthood can improve general health and decrease the risks of severe COVID-19 progression or prevalence of the “modern” diseases, namely the allergies. Here we report the results of an online, self-evaluating questionnaire survey conducted in the Czech Republic, where we contrasted selected health issues, and linked them to the living environment, including the level of contacts with biodiversity. In a sample of 1188 respondents, we revealed a significant effect of time spent in nature and contacts with biodiversity on physical and mental health, and incidence of allergies. This is unlike the COVID-19 progression, which was related to age, physical health, smoking, allergies, and interaction of age with smoking, but not to contacts with the natural environmental diversity. Our findings are in agreement with the Biodiversity hypothesis of allergy and, linking human and environmental health, they urge for One Health approach application.
A Powerful Adversary Model and Corresponding Time OTP Slot Allocation Scheme in RIS-Assisted Physical Layer Key Generation
Authors: Chen Liquan , Song Yufan , Ma Wanting , Lu Tianyu , Zhang Peng , Chen Liang
Published: March 2024

Physical layer key generation (PLKG) is a technique of information-theoretic security to tackle the problem of key distribution between resource-constrained legitimate users and is a promising candidate for the one time pad (OTP) technique. However, in quasi-static, the key rate is greatly limited due to low entropy. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is introduced to adaptively reconfigure the radio environment. However, how to allocate time slots in the OTP to counter the increasingly powerful adversary model is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, we propose a very powerful adversary model and give an attack strategy called eavesdropping channel search, which allows Eve to use its search and eavesdropping capabilities to maximize the probability of successful attacks. Meanwhile, we propose a time slot allocation algorithm in the OTP to ensure the security of the key. Simulations validate that our proposed attack strategy is more powerful than any existing adversary model and our proposed time slot allocation algorithm does not have any security loss.