bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
People Need a Few Seconds to Be Random
Authors: Castillo Lucas , Leon-Villagra Pablo , Falben Johanna , Chater Nick , Sanborn Adam N
Published: February 2025

Behaving randomly can be advantageous: it prevents others from capitalizing on patterns in our behavior. Unfortunately, the consensus from sixty years of psychological research is that people cannot do so: when attempting to be random, people’s responses exhibit systematic patterns. Random phenomena, however, are not instantaneously random. They require sufficient time between observations (e.g. the weather) or for enough iterations of a randomizing process to have occurred (e.g. card shuffling). It is unknown whether human sequences can be random if afforded such delays. Here we show that a modest temporal separation between items can make human sequences indistinguishable from random ones. We carried out our own experiment (N = 54) and analyzed ten existing datasets with different production rates, response sets, and response modalities. We found that when the delay between items was between two and four seconds, differences between human and random sequences disappeared. Furthermore, by comparing sequences produced by the same participants at different speeds, we confirmed that when participants make an effort, the needed delay is independent of production rate, akin to the weather. Our results show that people are able to generate randomness, and within a few seconds, giving us an accessible protection against potential exploits.
Multiple Phonological Access Pathways and their Creation: The case of Number Words
Authors: Handelsman Noa , dotan dror
Published: February 2025

Accumulating evidence shows that the phonological production of words does not follow a single pathway, as was assumed in the past. Rather, some words are produced via dedicated production pathways. Previous studies showed such pathway separation for words from different categories (e.g., number versus non-number words) or with different meanings (number words with numerical versus non-numerical meaning, e.g., ‘Nine West’). Here, we show that the separation of phonological production pathways is even greater than that: even the same word with the same meaning can follow different phonological production pathways, depending on the context in which the word is produced. We report HLI, a woman with aphasia. She erred in 5 number-production tasks, all with phonological output but with different input modalities: digits, written number words, dice patterns, encyclopedic questions, and approximate quantities. We conclude she had impaired phonological production of number words. Critically, she performed relatively well in 3 other phonological number production tasks: oral calculation, counting, and repetition. This dissociation indicates multiple phonological production pathways for verbal numbers. We propose that HLI has a deficit in a default phonological production pathway, which serves most number-production tasks. At the same time, other, dedicated pathways of phonological number production, which are recruited uniquely by the calculation, counting, and repetition tasks, are spared. Finally, we propose a concrete model that explains when and how the dedicated, task-specific phonological-access pathways are created, and we show that HLI’s performance satisfies a central prediction of this model.
Towards dynamical modeling of infants’ looking times
Authors: Engbert Ralf , Funken Josephine , Boll-Avetisyan Natalie
Published: February 2025

Analyzing looking times is among the most important behavioral approaches to studying problems suchas infant cognition, perception, or language development. However, processed-based approaches to the dynamics of infants’ looking times are lacking. Here, we propose and analyze a dynamical model of infant gaze behavior with full account of the microstructure (i.e., saccades and fixations). Our process-based model is illustrated by reproducing inter-individual diﬀerences in a developmental study of noun comprehension (Garrison et al., 2020). In our modeling framework, numerical values of model parameters map onto specific cognitive processes (e.g., attention or working memory) involved in gaze control. Because of the general architecture of the mathematical model and our robust procedures in model inference via Bayesian data assimilation, our framework may find applications in other fields of developmental and cognitive sciences.
Heath impact of xylene exposure on laboratory workers at a selected healthcare facility in Oman
Authors: K .V Sreejaya , Al Quraini Maryam
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Xylene is a commonly used chemical in medical laboratories for various purposes such as treating tissues, dyeing and covering sliding. However, exposure to xylene can pose potetial health risks for laboratory staff and healthcare professionals. In order to mitigate these risks, a research project has been proposed to investigate the impact of xylene on histology staff in healthcare facilities in Muscat. The study aims to provide alternative preventive measures and safety procedures to ensure laboratory technicians' health and safety. Its primary objective is to assess the potential health impacts of xylene exposure on laboratory and healthcare staff in Oman.
Methods: A close-ended and open-ended questionnaire was designed to collect data from 115 histhopatholgy workers achieving a 100% response rate. The data was analyzed in Excel.
Results: Findings show that exposure to xylene mostly affects the eyes and nose. 21% of participants reported experiencing muscular problems like weakened muscles, loss of coordination, and impaired grip strength. The results also revealed that the third health issue was related to the skin, as 16% of the respondents experienced some form of skin problem due to exposure to xylene, such as skin irritation, itching, peeling, or burns.
Conclusion: Based on the study findings, it is evident that xylene has various negative health effects. Alternative substances instead of xylene, such as d-limonene-based products, olive oil, pine oil, and rose oil, are recommended. These alternatives are environmentally friendly and cost effective, although they may not be as effective as xylene. Therefore, it is essential to implement effective measures that prioritize the well-being of histology staff while working with xylene.
Factors associated with low physical activity: a cross-sectional study in workers of a Peruvian clinic
Authors: Condori Irene , Soncco-Llulluy Fernando , Li Jair , Rosales-Rimache Jaime
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Low physical activity in workers is an occupational health problem that significantly increases the risk of developing chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. This negatively impacts their physical well-being, productivity, and overall quality of life.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was used during the year 2019 to identify the factors associated with low physical activity in 131 health and administrative workers from a Peruvian clinic. Physical activity was evaluated with the instrument "International Physical Activity Questionnaire".
Results: The median age was 37.0 years, and 72.5% were women. The median BMI was 25.6 kg/m2, with overweight and obesity prevalences of 51.9% and 11.5%, respectively, and 13.7% presented low physical activity. The physical workload score was lower in workers with high physical activity (8.6, IQR: 6.9-13.0) compared to moderate physical activity (5.9, IQR: 3.6-9.0) and low physical activity (3.8, IQR: 3.0-4.8). The multivariate analysis showed that the physical workload score was the only variable significantly associated with physical activity.
Conclusion: Having a higher physical workload significantly decreases low physical activity in clinic workers. It is crucial that physical inactivity prevention programs at work encourage standing or walking meetings, ensure ergonomic sit-stand workstations, and allow breaks to break static posture.
Phenotypic Characterization of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion Using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Al Hababy Mohammed , Ishaq Ramy Abdul Rahman
Published: February 2025

Background: Skeletal Class III malocclusion is characterized by several dentofacial deformities linked to environmental and genetic causes. It constitutes a clinical obstacle due to an insufficient understanding of its origins. Thus, proper classification and definition are key to diagnosing and treating this malocclusion correctly.
Objective: This study aimed to identify sub-clusters of skeletal Class III malocclusion in a group of Yemeni adults using multivariate reduction analyses.
Design: This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at the Orthodontic Graduate Clinics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana`a University, Sana`a, Yemen.
Material and Methods: This study included lateral cephalometric radiographs of 144 Yemeni adults (67 males and 77 females, mean age 29 years) with true Class III skeletal malocclusion ranging from mild to severe. A total of 62 measurements were used to perform principal component analyses and subsequent cluster analyses.
Results: Eight principal components were identified and represented 79.4% of the variance. The fist three main components, which described vertical and sagittal variables as significant descriptors, explained 50.8% of the variance. Cluster analysis identified 5 phenotypic subclusters. Cluster 1 denoted a mild Class III phenotype. Cluster 2 displayed a vertical phenotype with a steep mandibular plane. Cluster 3 displayed a phenotype characterized by a purely severe mandibular prognathism. Cluster 4 showed a severe maxillary retrusion phenotype. Cluster 5 displayed a severe maxillary deficiency with a severe mandibular protrusion.
Conclusion: There was a significant variance demonstrated among sub-phenotypes of a selected group of adult Yemeni Class III populations. Based on these results, further genetic investigations will enable us to uncover the etiological genes associated with each sub-cluster.
Aktualna sytuacja prawnoadministracyjna osób transpłciowych w Polsce. Wybrane problemy
Authors: Podgórska-Rykała Joanna , Kępa Marcin
Published: February 2025

This article analyses the current legal and administrative situation of transgender persons in Poland. Three particularly relevant acts of substantive administrative law in this context are analysed: the Civil Status Records Law, the Population Register Act, and the Identity Cards Act. The following research questions were posed: What is the impact of the provisions of the aforementioned acts on the status of natural persons covered by this law? Whether and when citizens are treated equally in this matter? And whether the protection of transgender persons in Poland is sufficient, in particular concerning civil status, which is a fundamental personal right. In addressing this issue, the dominant research theory is the legal-dogmatic approach. In addition, the authors employed the analysis of judicial decisions, expert literature, legal doctrine, and observation methods as auxiliary approaches.
Glosa do Postanowienia Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z dnia 10 stycznia 2023 r., sygn. akt SK 79/19
Authors: Cebula Adam
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the Ruling of the Constitutional Tribunal of 10 January 2023 (ref. no. SK 79/19) on the discontinuance of examination of the constitutional complaint questioning the compliance of Article 419 § 2 point 1 of the Electoral Code, allowing the creation of single-mandate constituencies in the same commune with populations differing from each other by almost three times, with Article 169, paragraph 2, sentence 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland enshrining the principle of equality of local elections. On the grounds of the analysis of the opinions of the Attorney General and the Sejm of the Republic of Poland presented in the proceedings, the key features of the indicated violation of the constitutional right to substantively equal elections are revealed: i.e. its direct nature, the unambiguity of the provisions causing this violation and the permanence of the effects caused by it.
Opinia prawna w sprawie konstytucyjności poselskiego projektu ustawy – Przepisy wprowadzające ustawę o Trybunale Konstytucyjnym z dnia 6 marca 2024 r.
Authors: Koncewicz Tomasz Tadeusz
Published: February 2025

Legal Opinion on the Compatibility with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of the Draft Act – Provisions Introducing the Act on the Constitutional Tribunal of 6 March 2024

The conducted analysis proves that the legislative process restoring constitutionality control in Poland after lawless years must combine three dimensions that serve as a point of reference for the legislator and legislative choices: normative, pragmatic and symbolic. Interpreted together, these three dimensions play a fundamental role in assessing whether the adopted legislative solutions are compatible with the Polish Constitution. These three dimensions for assessing the constitutionality of the draft act must be read in the light of three fundamental “moments”. First, the starting point must be precisely defined; second, the route and its basic signposts must be calibrated; and finally, third, the purpose of the route and the desired effect must be defined. The repair of the Constitutional Tribunal and, more broadly, the restoration of the rule of law (both aspects are inextricably linked) are complex and situational in nature. The choice of specific legislative solutions must be determined by weighing the constitutional values in each situation and pragmatically considering the consequences for the entire legal order resulting from the continued maintenance of a state of affairs inconsistent with the constitutional document and its axiology. The argumentation presented aims to demonstrate that the element of weighing constitutional values and principles plays a key role in this process. In making legislative reforms, one must never lose sight of the fact that any solution (or model) adopted to restore the Constitutional Court to its rightful place and to rebuild an effective of the constitutionality of the law must be intended to realise the primary goal of restoring meaning to key elements of our civic vocabulary that have been stripped of meaning and manipulated in the service of ruthless politics.
Aplikasi Pencatatan Kalori Harian Berbasis Android Dengan Arsitektur MVVM
Authors: Ulhaq Alfi Zia , Adilukito Abilawa Zulfiqar , Neru Sultan Muhamad Pascal Gadja , Agisfio Muhammad Daffa
Published: February 2025

An imbalance between calorie intake and expenditure is considered the main cause of obesity or being overweight. So by controlling your calorie intake in a balanced manner and according to your needs you will be able to prevent obesity. The daily calorie recording application can help someone record, control and obtain information on their calorie intake. This article discusses the development of this type of application, named Nutrizen, using the waterfall method, during the development process by the CH2-PS076 team in the Bangkit 2023 batch 2 program. The application created is an Android-based application created with the Kotlin programming language and MVVM architecture as a design pattern that is easy to learn and makes the code easy to understand and manage. Testing this application uses the usability test method with the System Usability Scale tool to determine the level of user acceptance of usability. The results obtained include a marginal level of usability acceptance, so improvements are needed so that this application can be more accepted and relied on by the wider community.
Prediksi Risiko Alzheimer Perbandingan Kinerja Algoritma Klasifikasi
Authors: Sidik Sidik
Published: February 2025

Penyakit Alzheimer merupakan salah satu bentuk paling umum dari demensia yang ditandai dengan penurunan kemampuan berpikir, mengingat, dan berperilaku secara bertahap. Penyakit ini berkembang secara perlahan dan biasanya dimulai dengan hilangnya memori jangka pendek, diikuti oleh kesulitan dalam bahasa, disorientasi, dan perubahan kepribadian. Deteksi dini Alzheimer penting untuk memperlambat perkembangannya. Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) dengan tahapan pra-pemrosesan data, keimbangan data SMOTE, klasifikasi. Dataset dari Kaggle berisi 2.149 data 35 fitur. Penelitian ini menggunakan lima jenis model algoritma.dengan kelima algoritma yang diuji. Algoritma klasifikasi Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, dan K-Nearest Neighbor. Penerapan Algoritma: Algoritma Hutan Acak diimplementasikan selama proses klasifikasi setelah dilakukan pembaharuan data. Model ini kemudian dinilai bersama dengan algoritma lain menggunakan metrik akurasi, presisi, ingat, F1-skor, dan lengkungan ROC untuk menentukan efektivitasnya dalam mendeteksi Alzheimer. Sementara itu, eksperimen dilakukan dengan membagi data menjadi dua bagian yaitu data latih dan data uji sebesar 70% dan 30%. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa algoritma Hutan Acak memiliki kinerja terbaik dengan Accuracy sekitar 0,98, Precision 0,96, Recall sebesar 1.00, dan F1-score 0,97, dan nilai AUC sekitar 0,99. Algoritma ini terbukti lebih unggul dibandingkan algoritma lain dalam mendeteksi dini penyakit Alzheimer.
التنظيمات السياسية تعبيرات اجتماعية: فقراء الحضر ونشأة الإسلام الاجتماعي، دراسة مقارنة بين جماعة العدل والإحسان وحركة التوحيد والإصلاح المغربيتين
Authors: جرموني رشيد
Published: February 2025

​تناقش هذه الدراسة فرضية بروز الإسلام الاجتماعي بالمغرب، من خلال دراسة أكبر حركتين للإسلام السياسي، وهما جماعة العدل والإحسان وحركة التوحيد والإصلاح بالمغرب. تركز الدراسة على مفهوم "الإسلام الاجتماعي"، بما يعنيه من تقديم مساعدات مالية وعينية وخدمات صحية وتعليمية ورياضية وفنية وتربوية للعديد من الفئات والشرائح الاجتماعية. تنطلق الدراسة من إشكالية بروز الإسلام الاجتماعي وعلاقته بمفهوم "فقراء الحضر" في ظل "الأزمة" التنموية التي يشهدها المغرب منذ ثمانينيات القرن العشرين، وإبراز الانعكاسات الاجتماعية على أهم طبقة اجتماعية، وهي الفئات المتوسطة الدنيا والفقيرة. تبين الدراسة أن الحركتين الإسلاميتين المبحوثتين استطاعتا أن تشكلا روابط تضامنية جديدة/ قديمة، قائمة على أساس ديني/ عصبوي، عوضت الأشكال التضامنية التقليدية التي كانت تحتضن الفئات المتوسطة والفقيرة في أوقات سابقة.
أميركا اللاتينية والتنافس الدولي عليها: دراسة مقارنة في تنافس الولايات المتحدة وروسيا والصين
Authors: مطير عطوة
Published: February 2025

​تتناول الدراسة التنافس الدولي في أميركا اللاتينية بين الولايات المتحدة الأميركية وروسيا والصين. فالولايات المتحدة تهدف إلى الحفاظ على نفوذها التقليدي في المنطقة استنادًًا إلى مبدأ مونرو لعام 1823 ، الذي جعل أميركا اللاتينية منطقة نفوذ حصري لها بسبب أهميتها الجغرافية والاقتصادية. في المقابل، تسعى روسيا والصين لتحدي هذا النفوذ لمواجهة التوسع الأميركي في مناطقهما المجاورة، من ناحية، ولإقامة نظام دولي متعدد الأقطاب، من ناحية أخرى، فضلًًا عن أهمية المنطقة اقتصاديًًا بالنسبة إلى الدولتين. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى نتيجة أساسية مفادها أن الولايات المتحدة لا تزال تمتلك الحضور العسكري والاقتصادي الأكبر في أميركا اللاتينية، ولكنّّ روسيا والصين تمكنتا من اختراق المنطقة، وذلك عبر إقامة العلاقات العسكرية مع الأنظمة المناوئة للولايات المتحدة وأبرزها فنزويلا وكوبا ونيكاراغوا. ولأن الصين أصبحت شريكًًا تجاريًًا مهمًًا لدول في المنطقة مثل البرازيل والأرجنتين، استطاعت أن تتفوق على الولايات المتحدة في حجم التجارة مع تلك الدول.
الثقافة السياسية والانتقال الديمقراطي في تونس
Authors: الحوكي شاكر
Published: February 2025

​بعد أن استنفدت معظم القراءات الأولية جهدها في تفسير أسباب فشل مسار الانتقال الديمقراطي في تونس أو تعثره، في ظل ضعف الأداء السياسي وقلّّة الإنجاز الاقتصادي وتفاقم الفساد، برزت الحاجة إلى التفكير في دور متغير الثقافة السياسية في كل ما جرى منذ الثورة التونسية حتى إعلان رئيس الجمهورية قيس سعيد حالة الاستثناء في 25 جويلية (تموز/ يوليو)2021 . بخلاف الاتجاه السائد في أدبيات الانتقال الديمقراطي، التي غالبًًا ما أغفلت أهمية انتشار الحد الأدنى من الثقافة السياسية المدنية، تبرز الحاجة الملحّّة إلى إدراك دورها الحيوي في تأمين نجاح أي مسار انتقالي، ولا سيما في مراحله الأولى. تجادل هذه الورقة بأن غياب الحد الأدنى من الثقافة السياسية أسهم في هشاشة المسار الانتقالي في تونس؛ ما جعل الديمقراطية عرضة للتعثر وإعادة إنتاج الأنماط السلطوية. لذا، يصبح تعزيز هذه الثقافة ضرورة لضمان استدامة التحول الديمقراطي وتجنب الانتكاسات.
"دكتاتوريون مناورون" لسيرجي غيرايف ودانييل تريسمان
Authors: الكشو منير
Published: February 2025

"دكتاتوريون مناورون" لسيرجي غيرايف ودانييل تريسمان
العسكر والدولة السودانية: المتلازمة المتكررة في الحكم
Authors: موسى هاني
Published: February 2025

تعالج الدراسة موضوعًًا قديمًًا ومستجدًًا في الحالة السودانية، وهو استمرار تدخّّل التكوينات والنخب العسكرية في السلطة السياسية، وعدم استقرار الحكم المدني بعد الاستقلال. و اعتمدت منهجًًا علميًًا مركبًًا، يجمع بين القراءة التاريخية لمجريات الأحداث السياسية وتطوراتها، والقراءة الوصفية للواقع الراهن، بأبعاده الداخلية والخارجية، ومحاولة استشراف المستقبل السوداني في ضوء الحالة الراهنة. لاحظت الدراسة أن تعدد التكوينات الجهوية والعرقية والعسكرية في السودان انعكس سلبيًًا على وحدته واستقراره السياسي والأمني، بدلًًا من أن يُُشكّّل ذلك عامل بناء وتكامل للدولة والأمة السودانية. فمنذ الاستقلال، بقيت هذه التكوينات في حالة من الاشتباك، سواء فيما بينها أو بين أجزائها وتكويناتها الداخلية. يتضح ذلك من أزمات السودان المركبة، ومنها أزمة الحكم، وأزمة الجنوب، وأزمة دارفور، وأزمات المرحلة الانتقالية الراهنة، والصراع المحتدم حاليًًا على السلطة بين الأجنحة العسكرية.
Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the breast at diagnosis
Authors: Oliveira Vieira Jussane
Published: February 2025

Introduction: adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast is a rare lesion among breast carcinomas, representing less than 0.1% of breast cancer cases. Generally indolent behavior with rare lymph node involvement and metastases.

Case Report: 76-year-old patient complaining of a lump in her right breast that had appeared 8 months ago. Ultrasonography showed a heterogeneous image of 3.9/2.4/3.7cm. On palpation, there was an 8cm nodule and mobile and fibroelastic axillary lymph nodes. A core needle biopsy was performed with an anatomopathological result of triple-negative grade 2 adenoid cystic carcinoma. Screening demonstrated two 1.1cm pulmonary nodules with soft tissue density suggesting metastasis. Abdominal tomography demonstrated liver nodules suggestive of secondary implants. The PET scan confirmed uptake in the lung and liver nodules, in addition to lytic lesions in S3. Liver biopsy confirmed implantation of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Chemotherapy was started with a regimen of Carboplatin, Paclitaxel and Pembrolizumab. After the third cycle of chemotherapy, the breast was reevaluated without showing any tumor reduction. The metastases also did not show regression, and treatment was interrupted. The patient evaded the service until January 2024, when he returned complaining of pain in the right hip and difficulty walking. Chest and hip tomography showed an increase in lung lesions and the appearance of lytic metastasis in the iliac bone. The patient refused to undergo radiotherapy and in May 2024 she developed liver failure and death.

Discussion: In the metastatic setting, the regimens of choice are based on anthracyclines and taxanes with reports of little response. Our report aims to contribute to the introduction of a new group of drugs (pembrolizumab) associated with the standard taxane regimen, demonstrating that this type of tumor really has a difficult response to chemotherapy agents and that there is little that can be done in the setting of multiple metastases.
A Study on Identification of Influencing Symptoms of Diabetes and Pre-diabetes among Bangladeshi People
Authors: Farzana Urmi Atika
Published: February 2025

The present study was based on secondary data recorded from Sylhet diabetic Hospital, Bangladesh. Data were collected from 520 patients, out of which 320 were suffering from diabetes and the remaining 200 were pre-diabetic people. There were 63.1% male respondents and 75.3% were of ages 40 years and above. The corresponding percentage among female was 67.2%. The symptoms of diabetes and pre-diabetes under consideration were polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, sudden weight loss, feeling weakness, genital thrush, visual blurring, itching, irritability, delayed healing of sore and cuts, partial paresis, muscle stiffness, alopecia, and obesity. Among these, except itching, delayed healing of sores and cuts and obesity, all other symptoms were significantly associated with diabetes. All symptoms were significantly associated with age and the risks of prevalence of symptoms were higher among the adults of ages 40 years and above. For these adults the most influencing symptom was polydipsia followed by polyuria, and partial paresis. Prevalence of most influencing symptom observed in males was age followed by visual blurring. The most influencing symptoms noted in diabetic patients was polydipsia followed by partial paresis and weakness. The other symptoms of diabetes were polyphagia, polyuria, and sudden weight loss. The influential symptoms of pre-diabetes were age followed by itching and delay in healing of wounds. These influencing symptoms were identified by factor analysis.
The differential diagnosis of neck stiffness: Tetanus
Authors: Karakuş Ali
Published: February 2025

Tetanus, meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage and degenerative arthritis may be considered the differential diagnosis of neck stiffness in the emergency department. This article presented was of tetanus cases with a history of sinking nails in the emergency department.
Fascinating Five Cases of foreign Body in throat in Fifteen Flicks: from Denture to Denomination to Demineralised Bone.
Authors: Basavannaiah Sphoorthi
Published: February 2025

Foreign body (FB) ingestion is an everyday existence and a common emergency exhibition. Many ingested FBs become impacted, often in and around the oral cavity, oropharynx and oesophagus. They have potential chances to cause serious impediments, apart from substantial agony to the patient and family.
Transnasal Endoscopic Repair of Unilateral Choanal Atresia Using Cross-over Flap Technique: A Case Report
Authors: Pandey Apoorva Kumar
Published: February 2025

This case report describes the presentation, diagnosis and management of a patient with unilateral choanal atresia. Unilateral choanal atresia is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the partial or complete obstruction of one nasal passage due to the abnormal development of the posterior nasal choanae. It can result in symptoms such as nasal obstruction, difficulty breathing and recurrent sinus infection. Timely diagnosis and appropriate surgical intervention are essential for relieving symptoms and restoring normal nasal airflow.
Insulin Like Growth Factor II mRNA-Binding Protein 3 (IMP3) Immunohistochemical Expression in Salivary Glands Tumors- Local Study
Authors: M. Anwer Rand
Published: February 2025

Objective: To identify the relationship between the expression of IMP3 in benign and malignant tumors of salivary glands and other clinic-pathological variables.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-six cases of salivary gland tumors were collected from the histopathology department, Gazi-Hariri hospital/ Baghdad Medical City from January 2021 to June 2021. Patients’ reports were included for diagnosis and clinicopathological data. Three histological sections were taken from the paraffin blocks for each case. The first section was stained with H&E stain, and the other two sections were stained with IMP3 (Dako-code M3626) monoclonal antibody by the immunohistochemical method.

Results: Twenty-six cases of salivary gland tumor, with equal male/female distribution; the mean age for the patients was 45 years (19-60 years). There was no significant relationship between gender (P=.0.115), tumor size (P=0.359), tumor location (P=0.335), and tumor type (P=0.673) with positive expression of IMP3. Regarding malignant cases, no significant relation between IMP3 expression and tumor stage (P=1.000), and lymphovascular invasion (P=1.000). On the other hand, there was a highly significant relationship (P=0.000) between IMP3 expression and cell type (epithelial/mesenchymal).

Conclusion: Imp3 might not be conclusive in differentiation between benign and malignant salivary gland tumors. Further studies with follow-up are needed to assess the prognostic value of this marker in salivary gland pathologies.
Activities of the Russian Federation on Restoration and Strengthening Political, Economic and Security Influence in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Feduniak Mykhailo
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the activity of the Russian Federation on restoration and strengthening political and economic influence in the Republic of Moldova what in the case of successful implementation will be one more step to neo-imperial revenge in the region of the Newly independent states. For this purpose, Russia is forming agents of influences in governmental institutions, it interferes into electoral processes as well as Russia is making combined pressure on Moldova’s state power with the help of pro-Russian forces within Moldova on the one hand, and Transnistian region on the other. Russian Federation uses termination of gas supply for the strengthening socio-economic and political destabilization of Moldova with the aim to defeat pro-European politicians on parliamentary elections this Autumn. Moldova is actively and in many cases successfully trying to react on Russian subversive activity on destruction of its statehood.
Scientific Approaches to Studying the Role of Modern Technologies in International Relations
Authors: Baranets Vasyl , Osadtsa Ivan
Published: February 2025

Over the past decade, several technological “quantum leaps” have simultaneously reshaped both international politics and the scholarly interpretation thereof. Contemporary debates concerning the incorporation of technology into the analysis of international relations point to three interrelated major trends. The first trend challenges the prevailing technological determinism and the practice of treating technology as a discrete variable that remains “outside” the core discussion. The second trend reflects a heightened emphasis on theoretical constructs derived from the sociology of technology and science. The third trend involves a methodological shift toward qualitative, empirically grounded field research.

This article proposes examining the societal challenges posed by artificial intelligence from the perspective of long-term sociotechnical transformation, in order to hypothesize which changes might ensue from society’s “use” of these technologies. In contrast to most current social science debates focusing on near-term effects and risks, our approach centers on the normalization processes of artificial intelligence over a longer horizon. Much like the gradual integration of mechanical time measurement into everyday life, this normalization unfolds as a (often contested) interplay between technological capabilities and the social consequences anticipated to arise from them. The subsequent analysis concentrates on the realm of social self-organization, namely democratic practices.
The Religious Factor of Sovietization in Western Ukraine
Authors: Yuriy Mykhailo
Published: February 2025

The article examines the process of destruction of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church by the Soviet authorities in western Ukraine, as well as repressive actions against Protestant religious organizations. The Soviet leadership viewed the Greek Catholic Church as a potential source of pro-Western political influence and propaganda. In order to make such processes impossible in the future and to prevent the aggravation of relations between believers by the Soviet authorities, it was decided to liquidate the UGCC. The authorities tried to give this church action the appearance of church canonical principles. This is how the initiative of some priests about the entry of the UGCC into the Russian Orthodox Church arose.

In March 1945, instructions on the liquidation of the Greek Catholic Church were prepared. It provided for the creation of the Lviv-Ternopil Orthodox Diocese, the transfer of the Uniate Cathedral in Lviv to it, the deployment of missionary work among Greek Catholic believers, and most importantly, the creation of an initiative group within the Greek Catholic Church that was to announce a break with the Vatican and call on the Uniate clergy to transfer to Orthodoxy. This instruction was personally approved by Y. Stalin. The work on the liquidation of the UGCC was led by the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) of the USSR and the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR.

Under these conditions, on May 28, 1945, the Central Initiative Group for the Reunification of the Greek Catholic Church with the Orthodox Church was created in Lviv.

With the support of party-state bodies and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the initiative group managed to subjugate the majority of priests in a short time. As of January 1, 1946, 859 priests out of 1,294 (that is, 66%) supported it.

On March 8-10, 1946, the Central Initiative Group held a meeting in the Cathedral of St. Yura in Lviv UGCC Cathedral. 216 priests and 19 laymen of the UGCC, a delegation of the Russian Orthodox Church took part in this Council. The Lviv Council proclaimed the abolition of the Union of Brest in 1596 and the "reunification" of the Greek Catholic Church with the Russian Orthodox Church. The Uniate church parishes were transferred to the Orthodox Church. 590 Greek Catholic priests refused to recognize the council's decision, 344 of them were arrested and convicted.

There is no doubt that the Lviv Council in March 1946 was not canonical, since the head of the church and its bishopric did not agree to its holding, and even more so to its adoption of any decisions. The non-canonicality of the cathedral also lies in the fact that the priests of the UGCC were openly pressured by the party structures and bodies of the MDB.
Alergiile la iod, de la mit la eroare | [Iodine allergies, from mit to error]
Authors: Burlacu Vlăduț-Costin , Spânu Daniela , Rogozea Liliana
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Although the term "iodine allergy" is commonly used by both patients and healthcare professionals, there is no scientific evidence supporting the existence of a specific iodine allergy. Adverse reactions to iodinated contrast agents are rare and are not caused by iodine itself. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the "iodine allergy" myth and analyze reactions to iodinated substances, with a focus on identifying risk factors and correcting diagnostic errors in medical practice. Materials and Methods: Relevant studies were analyzed from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, using keyword combinations ("iodine allergy", "iodinated contrast media", "seafood allergy", "povidone-iodine hypersensitivity"), published between 2000 and 2023. Results: Reactions to iodine and iodinated substances are actually more likely to be related to other chemical components, such as povidone, rather than iodine itself. Additionally, allergies to seafood or nuts are not caused by iodine but by other specific allergens. Conclusions: It is essential for healthcare professionals to correct the myths surrounding "iodine allergy" and adopt an evidence-based approach to managing reactions to iodinated substances, thereby improving patient care.
Rezumat
Introducere: Deși termenul de „alergie la iod” este frecvent utilizat atât de către pacienți, cât și de către personalul medical, nu există dovezi științifice care să susțină existența unei alergii specifice la iod. Reacțiile adverse la substanțele de contrast iodate sunt rare și nu sunt cauzate de iodul în sine. Obiectivul principal al studiului: Evaluarea mitului „alergiei la iod” și analiza reacțiilor la substanțele iodate, cu focus pe identificarea factorilor de risc și corectarea erorilor de diagnostic în practica medicală. Material și metodă: Au fost analizate studii relevante din baze de date precum PubMed, Scopus și Web of Science, utilizând combinații de cuvinte cheie („iod allergy”, „iodinated contrast media”, „seafood allergy”, „povidone-iodine hypersensitivity”), publicate între 2000 și 2023. Rezultate: Reacțiile la iod și la substanțele iodate sunt de fapt mai degrabă legate de alte componente chimice, cum ar fi povidona, și nu de iodul propriu-zis. De asemenea, alergiile la fructele de mare sau nuci nu sunt determinate de iod, ci de alți alergeni specifici. Concluzii: Este esențial ca personalul medical să corecteze miturile legate de „alergia la iod” și să adopte o abordare bazată pe dovezi pentru gestionarea reacțiilor la substanțele iodate, îmbunătățind astfel îngrijirea pacientului.
Verdrängte Ohnmacht. Widersprüchliche Subjektivierungen im Spannungsfeld zwischen Selbst- und Fremdbestimmung
Authors: Kianzad Leon
Published: February 2025

In von Wirtschaftskrisen und Wachstumsimperativen durchzogenen Zeiten fühlen sich immer mehr Menschen macht- und hilflos. Doch ebenso finden andere Erfüllung und Selbstverwirklichung in verschiedenen Arbeits- und Konsumweisen. Dieser Artikel verhandelt beide Erfahrungen als Ausdrücke eines ideologisch vorgeformten Alltagsbewusstseins und stößt dabei auf einen eigentümlichen Umstand: Alltägliche Selbst- und Weltverhältnisse sind von einer Dialektik der Verdrängung und Verzweiflung gezeichnet sind, in der die Weisen, wie gesellschaftlich verursachte Ohnmacht adressiert wird, in einem immanenten Verhältnis zu ihrer Normalisierung stehen. Individualistische Vorstellungen von Selbstverwirklichung und ihr Ausbleiben stellen dabei zentrale ideologische Komponenten der Aufrechterhaltung kapitalistischer Verwertungslogiken dar. Psychische, soziale, ideologische und medikamentöse Verdrängungsmechanismen verbergen zugleich Ohnmachtsgefühle im Alltagsbewusstsein. Sich mit einer Analyse dieses Zustandes nicht zufriedengebend, zielt das letzte Kapitel darauf ab, Wege aus diesem Umstand hinauszufinden. Ein erster Schritt, so wird argumentiert, besteht im Eingestehen der Ohnmacht und in der Anerkennung und im Erleben der von ihr ausgelösten Affekte: Der eigenen Angst, Hemmnis, Verzweiflung, Bedrängnis und Erschöpfung zu begegnen und dies in Zusammenschluss mit anderen zu tun, eröffnet Wege hin zu einer transformativen Souveränität.
LIVING BUILDING Environment for Sustainable Development in a fast Changing World
Authors: de Ridder Hennes
Published: February 2025

Development, construction and operation of buildings and structures are associated with disproportional consumption of energy, production of waste, emission of CO2 and transportation of materials. The first reason is the fragmented supply chain in the construction industry, that leads to sub-optimal buildings. The second reason is that buildings are built for long lifetime, where the world inside and around the buildings changes faster and faster. This also leads to suboptimal buildings. The third reason is that buildings are built as monoliths. All components are welded, poured, glued, sealed and cemented. This makes the building hard to change. These changes however are necessary to keep the building fit for use and up to date. The Living Building Concept is a business model for a more sustainable building industry. It is a business model which concentrates on the lifecycle of components and elements of buildings providing an economy of scale for innovative suppliers. Buildings can easily be kept up to date and fit for use with state of the art technology and in a sustainable way by changing parts and re-using the replaced parts in other buildings and structures. In that way buildings and structures show similarity with living organisms, changing slowly as a whole on the long term but changing fast and easy at cell level on short term. The characteristic “from cradle to grave” thinking of the construction sector then changes in a sustainable “cradle to cradle” thinking with substantial positive effects.
Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis for Search and Mining of Corporate Blogs
Authors: Tsai Flora S.  , Chen Yun  , Chan Kap Luk
Published: February 2025

Blogs, or weblogs, have rapidly gained in popularity over the past decade. Because of the huge volume of existing blog posts, information in the blogosphere is difficult to access and retrieve. Existing studies have focused on analyzing personal blogs, but few have looked at corporate blogs, the numbers of which are dramatically rising. In this paper, we use probabilistic latent semantic analysis to detect keywords from corporate blogs with respect to certain topics. We then demonstrate how this method can represent the blogosphere in terms of topics with measurable keywords, hence tracking popular conversations and topics in the blogosphere. By applying a probabilistic approach, we can improve information retrieval in blog search and keywords detection, and provide an analytical foundation for the future of corporate blog search and mining.
WWW sits the SAT: Measuring Relational Similarity on the Web
Authors: Bollegala Danushka  , Matsuo Yutaka  , Ishizuka Mitsuru
Published: February 2025

Measuring relational similarity between words is important in numerous natural language processing tasks such as solving analogy questions and classifying noun-modifier relations. We propose a method to measure the similarity between semantic relations that hold between two pairs of words using a web search engine. First, each pair of words is represented by a vector of automatically extracted lexical patterns. Then a Support Vector Machine is trained to recognize word pairs with similar semantic relations. We evaluate the proposed method on SAT multiple-choice word-analogy questions. The proposed method achieves a score of 40% which is comparable with relational similarity measures which use manually created resources such as WordNet. The proposed method significantly reduces the time taken by previously proposed computationally intensive methods, such as latent relational analysis, to process 374 analogy questions from 8 days to less than 6 hours.
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Algorithm with Variable Optimistic-Pessimistic Criterion
Authors: Akchurina Natalia
Published: February 2025

A reinforcement learning algorithm for multi-agent systems based on variable Hurwicz's optimistic-pessimistic criterion is proposed. The formal proof of its convergence is given. Hurwicz's criterion allows to embed initial knowledge of how friendly the environment in which the agent is supposed to function will be. Thorough testing of the developed algorithm against well-known reinforcement learning algorithms has shown that in many cases its successful performance can be explained by its tendency to force the other agents to follow the policy which is more profitable for it. In addition the variability of Hurwicz's criterion allowed it to converge to best-response against opponents with stationary policies.
Heuristics for Planning with Action Costs Revisited
Authors: Keyder Emil  , Geffner Héctor
Published: February 2025

We introduce a simple variation of the additive heuristic used in the HSP planner that combines the benefits of the original additive heuristic, namely its mathematical formulation and its ability to handle non-uniform action costs, with the benefits of the relaxed planning graph heuristic used in FF, namely its compatibility with the highly effective enforced hill climbing search along with its ability to identify helpful actions. We implement a planner similar to FF except that it uses relaxed plans obtained from the additive heuristic rather than those obtained from the relaxed planning graph. We then evaluate the resulting planner in problems where action costs are not uniform and plans with smaller overall cost (as opposed to length) are preferred, where it is shown to compare well with cost-sensitive planners such as SGPlan, Sapa, and LPG. We also consider a further variation of the additive heuristic, where symbolic labels representing action sets are propagated rather than numbers, and show that this scheme can be further developed to construct heuristics that can take delete-information into account.
The Design, Deployment and Evaluation of the AnimalWatch Intelligent Tutoring System
Authors: Cohen Paul R.  , Beal Carole R.  , Adams Niall M.
Published: February 2025

Europe and the U.S. both face the challenges of urban schools with low-achieving adolescent learners, many of whom are not proficient in the language of instruction. This paper describes the deployment and evaluation of the AnimalWatch intelligent tutoring system for mathematics in challenging classrooms. Previous studies demonstrated that AnimalWatch benefits 12–14 year-old students in relatively controlled conditions. The current study indicates that the system can help older, very low-achieving students in challenging secondary schools that serve diverse student populations.
A Hybrid Tableau Algorithm for 𝒜ℒ𝒞𝒬
Authors: Faddoul Jocelyne  , Farsinia Nasim  , Haarslev Volker  , Möller Ralf
Published: February 2025

We propose an approach for extending a tableau-based satisfiability algorithm by an arithmetic component. The result is a hybrid concept satisfiability algorithm for the Description Logic (DL) 𝒜ℒ𝒞𝒬 which extends 𝒜ℒ𝒞 with qualified number restrictions. The hybrid approach ensures a more informed calculus which, on the one hand, adequately handles the interaction between numerical and logical restrictions of descriptions, and on the other hand, when applied is a very promising framework for average case optimizations.
A pervasive assistant for nursing and doctoral staff
Authors: Dingli Alexiei  , Abela Charlie
Published: February 2025

The goal of health-care institutions is to provide patient-centric health care services. Unfortunately, this goal is frequently undermined due to human-related aspects. The PervasIve Nursing And docToral Assistant (PINATA) provides a patient-centric system powered with Ambience Intelligence techniques and Semantic Web technologies. Through PINATA, the movement of patients and medical staff is tracked via RFID sensors while an automated camera system monitors the interaction of people within their environment. The system reacts to particular situations autonomously by directing medical staff towards emergencies in a timely manner and providing them with just the information they require on their handheld devices. This ensures that patients are given the best care possible on a 24/7 basis especially when the medical staff is not around.
Organizing Coherent Coalitions
Authors: Broersen Jan  , Mastop Rosja  , Meyer John-Jules Ch.  , Turrini Paolo
Published: February 2025

In this paper we provide and discuss a language to talk about coherence, a property of interaction that ensures players' abilities non to contradict one other and the empty coalition not to make active choices. With this property we can model a closed-world interaction, such as those of a Coordination Game or of a Prisoner Dilemma, where all the outcomes are determined only by the choices of the agents that are present.
Role Assertion Analysis: a proposed method for ontology refinement through assertion learning
Authors: Coulet Adrien  , Smail-Tabbone Malika  , Napoli Amedeo  , Devignes Marie-Dominique
Published: February 2025

We propose an approach for extending domain knowledge represented in DL ontology by using knowledge extraction methods on ontology assertions. Concept and role assertions are extracted from the ontology in the form of assertion graphs, which are used to generate a formal context manipulated by Formal Concept Analysis methods. The resulting expressions are then represented as DL concepts and roles that can be inserted into the initial ontology after validation by the analyst. We show, through a real-world example, how this approach has been successfully used for discovering new knowledge units in a pharmacogenomics ontology.