bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPATIAL DETERMINISM AND TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ACTION IN FRANCE: CHALLENGES AND EVOLUTIONS
Authors: BUSQUET Grégory
Published: October 2020

This article proposes a theoretical point of view in order to show the importance of the collective memory and the urban narrative in the strategic approach of the urban project. The capacity of a municipality to build a local narrative joining the past, the memory and the project, is examined in the second part of the article, in a case study of a collectivity confronted with the project of the Grand Paris and strong socio-spatial transformation since 1950. The conclusions of thirty deep interviews, conducted on the people involved in the city organization allow to differentiate legitimated and rejected places in the spaces of remembering, and the difficulties of this kind of municipalities to be pro active in the Grand Paris project.
NEO-ZIONIST FRONTIER LANDSCAPES IN THE OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
Authors: SCHNELL Izhak , ARNON Ben-Israel
Published: October 2020

Immediately after the 1967 war and the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza the national religious youngsters (Gush Emmunim settlers) reached out to settle the new frontier of the biblical places. By thus, they have developed a Messianic myth. The interpretation of Gush-Emmunim settlers’ experience of landscapes reveals a complex and contradictory structure of sense of space. Settlers’ mythical sense of space may be understood in two strata - imagined and material. The imagined stratum is conceived mainly in transcendental romantic terms while the material is reified according to classic conceptions. Two main contradictions are outstanding: first, between the romantic representation of Jewish landscapes and the classic representation of Palestinian landscapes in the imagined stratum; second, between the romantic representation of the Jewish home space in the imagined stratum and the classical representation of the suburban Jewish home landscape in the material stratum. The first contradiction is inherent in frontier societies as a means to pseudo-rationalize the colonisation of the land, although in general there may be a mixture of romantic and classic attitudes towards the natives. The settlers pioneering myth is highly subsidised by the government and aggressively backed by military force. This enables them to tolerate the surrounding fear, antagonism and hatred. Thus, the landscape they build represents power and domination with no regard to local nature and to the Palestinian landscapes that are perceived by the settlers as part of it.
DEVELOPMENT-INDUCED DISPLACEMENT IN ROMANIA: THE CASE OF ROŞIA MONTANĂ MINING PROJECT
Authors: VESALON Lucian , CREȚAN Remus
Published: October 2020

This paper proposes a critical discussion of the population displacement processes involved in the Ro?ia Montan? gold-mining project within the theoretical framework of development-induced displacement (DID). We begin with an overview of the geographical context of the rural community, focusing on the social and economic structure of Ro?ia Montan?. After assessing the relocation and resettlement processes, we examine several problems related to the compensation mechanism set up by the mining company. The aim of the research is to highlight the complexity of the consequences of development-induced displacement and the limits of the policies of relocation and resettlement in the area.
RETHINKING THE TERRITORIAL PACT IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN TERRITORIAL COHESION
Authors: SAGHIN Irina , PASCARIU Gabriel , STOIAN Daniela Rodica , STOICA Ilinca-Valentina , ZAMFIR Daniela
Published: October 2020

The authors argue through this paper, the importance of rethinking the recently abandoned tools that can be reactivated in times of crisis. EU 2020 Strategy and other EU documents create a favorable frame in order to achieve the priorities set by reconsidering the territorial pact concept. Recent documents define the partnership agreement concept, which seems to be more rigid and less flexible than the territorial pact. Having as a starter point Romania’s specifics, there are individualized 10 thematic territorial pacts and 8 global pacts. They must generate territorial synergies capable of ensuring the coherence between regions, states and the European Union as a whole.
Misfolded protein aggregation and altered cellular pathways in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Li Huifang , Yu Zhenghong , Zhang Wei
Published: October 2020

Neurodegenerative diseases are estimated by the World Health Organization to be the second leading cause of human death by 2050. They actually are a group of chronic neurological disorders leading to motor, cognitive and sensory impairments in both human and nonhuman species. Despite different in clinical manifestation, prevalence, risk factors, cell types injured and genes hijacked, neurodegenerative disorders are usually associated with the misfolding and aggregation of a distinct protein that accumulates in diverse cellular locations including the nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane and extracellular space. Here we intend to give an overview of the characters and features of several pathogenic protein aggregates in disease brains, and introduce some general signaling pathways involved in protein homeostasis with emphasis on their puzzling roles under the degenerative conditions.
Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Membedakan Toilet Pria dan Toilet Wanita Melalui Media Kartu Gambar di SLB Amanah Bunda Sitapung Ampek Angkek
Authors: Hapsari Gina , Kasiyati Kasiyati
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan anak dalam membedakan toilet laki-laki dan toilet perempuan yang  dilakukan melalui media kartu gambar. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 13 kali. Metode yang digunakan penelitian Single Subject Research (SSR) bentuk A-B-A. Kondisi baseline (A1) dilakukan empat kali. Kondisi intervensi (B) merupakan kondisi setelah diberikan perlakuan dilakukan sebanyak enam kali. Sedangkan kondisi baseline (A2) merupakan pemberhentian perlakuan dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pengamatan. Analisis grafik visual sangat diperlukan salam teknik analisis data. Persentase overlap diperoleh pada kondisi A1-B yaitu 0% sedangkan persentase overlap yang diperoleh pada kondisi A2-B yaitu 50%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka dalam meningkatkan keterampilan untuk membedakan toilet laki-laki dan toilet perempuan efektif menggunakan media kartu gambar.

This study aims to improve children's skills in distinguishing male toilets and female toilets which are carried out through self-drawing cards. This research was conducted 13 times observation. This research method uses a Single Subject Research (SSR) type of study with A-B-A design. Baseline condition (A1) is the initial capability before it is given as many as four observations. The intervention condition (B) is a condition given after six examinations have been carried out. While the baseline condition (A2) is a dismissal carried out three times. Data analysis techniques using visual graph analysis. The percentage of overlap obtained at condition A1 / B is 0% while the percentage of overlap obtained at condition A2 / B is 50%. Based on the results of this study, the image card media is effective in improving the skills of calculating male and female toilets
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Perkawinan Adat Masyarakat Sasak
Authors: Zaenuddin Zaenuddin
Published: October 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui nilai pendidikan kawin adat sasak di desa Gelogor Kecamatan Kediri  Kabupaten Lombok Barat Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah Pengumpulan data dilakukan  melalaui  observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen.  Analisis menurut Miles dan Huberman,  yaitu (1). Reduksi data, (2) Penyajian data, (3) penarikan  simpulan. Hasil penelitian nilai nilai perkawinan  Masyarakat Sasak memiliki banyak retual atau tahapan-tahapan sebagai berikut; merariq atau kawin lari, melapor kepada kepala lingkungan, nyelabar, melakukan pernikahan, rebak pucuk, begawe, sorong serah, nyongkolan, dan bales lampak. Akulturasi budaya dapat terjadi karena keterbukaan suatu komunitas masyarakat akan mengakibatkan kebudayaan yang mereka miliki akan terpengaruh dengan kebudayaan komunitas masyarakat lain. Selain keterbukaan masyarakatnya, perubahan kebudayaan yang disebabkan “perkawinan“ dua kebudayaan bisa juga terjadi akibat adanya pemaksaan dari masyarakat asing memasukkan unsur kebudayaan lokal. Akulturasi budaya bisa juga terjadi karena kontak dengan budaya lain, sistem pendidikan yang maju yang mengajarkan seseorang untuk lebih berfikir ilmiah dan objektif, keinginan untuk maju, sikap mudah menerima hal-hal baru dan toleransi terhadap perubahan. Akan tetapi dalam tradisi ada perbedaan pendapat dikalangan para tokoh adat dengan tokoh agama di tengah-tengah masyarakat sasak. Tradisi kawin  masyarakat sasak banyak mengubah persepsi pelaksanaan perkawinan atau pernikahan  sesuai dengan ajaran islam. 

Nilai-nilai pendidikan yang ada dalam adat kawin  sebagai berikut. 1. Nilai agama (religius). Nilai religius ini merupakan sikap dan perilaku dalam melaksanakan ajaran agama seperti waktu melaksanakan adat betikah atau bekawin. Prinsip masyarakat Desa Gelogor Kediri Lombok Barat dalam pelaksanaan acara betikah (bekawin)  masing sangat berpegang teguh pada nilai-nilai agama. 2. Nilai tanggung jawab adalah sikap dan perilaku seseorang dalam melaksanakan tugas dan kewajibannya.Tanggung jawab 3. Nilai kejujuran  hubungan yang tulus, saling memiliki, saling memberi tahu segala hal yang terjadi dan dirasakan. Kejujuran menjadikan hubungan berjalan dengan baik meski kadang, kejujuran terasa pahit tapi itu lebih  baik dari pada kebohongan. Sahran mengatakan ” kejujuran adalah kunci hubungan ” untuk saling menjaga diantara pasangan, contohnya seketika pacaran dan betikah jangan sampai tidak jujur karena dibohongin itu menyakitkan. Bayangkan jika sepasang pasangan tak saling memberi kepercayaan dan kejujuran maka hubungan tidak akan pernah harmonis dan bahagia.[1] 4. Nilai kerja keras adalah bekerja secara sungguh-sungguh dan tidak mengenal lelah seperti dalam upacara begawe dan nyongkolan.Kerja keras dalam begawe meliputi sikap tolong menolong, gotong royong, dan kekeluargaan.
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF UNTUK PEBELAJARAN VOLUME BANGUN RUANG DI KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Arina Dina , Mujiwati Endang Sri , Kurnia Ita
Published: October 2020

Students' understanding of the volume geometry is still not enough. This is because the teacher only explains the material on the volume of space with the blackboard media. The media is less interactive for learning the material of the volume of geometrical space so that the concept of volume of geometric space cannot be understood by students optimally. The purpose of this development research is to describe the validity of interactive multimedia-based media to explain and determine the volume of 5th grade student room building. The development model used in this study is the ADDIE model. The procedure of the ADDIE model consists of 5 stages, but this study only uses four stages. The stages carried out in this study did not go through the implementation stage because of the existence of Covid-19 so that it did not support the implementation of the learning program by applying the learning media that had been made. Data collection techniques in this study were to conduct observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is the validity criteria. From the results of media validation and material in interactive multimedia, the values were 97.6% and 96%. Thus interactive multimedia for the volume of 5th grade building materials at SDN Damarwulan IV was declared to be very valid and could be used without the need for improvement.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA TEMA KARAKTERISTIK GEOGRAFIS INDONESIA DI KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR MENGGUNAKAN MODEL MIND MAPPING
Authors: Sakti Bayu Purbha
Published: October 2020

The teacher still uses the conventional learning model even though the fifth grade private primary school teacher in Bayat has implemented the 2013 curriculum. The implementation of learning carried out in the classroom is still one way where the teacher is the learning center while the students only record what the teacher says. The material to be studied is the theme of Indonesia's geographic characteristics because this theme is taught in fifth grade. Mind mapping learning model is a learning model used by students to be able to be creative in producing ideas or thoughts and noting what must be learned. This study used a classroom action research model of Kemmis & McTaggart. This study uses two cycles. Data analysis obtained from evaluation, interview, and observation. The use of the mind map learning model is proven to improve learning outcomes in the theme of Indonesia's geographic characteristics in grade V students in private elementary schools. The private primary school chosen is SD Kanisius Bayat. The learning outcomes obtained in the first cycle were the average value increased to 73.8 and were included in the criteria for 68.2%. The learning outcomes obtained in the second cycle increased again to 82.3 in the high criteria with a percentage of 100%. Improved material learning outcomes in Indonesia's geographic characteristics because teachers use the mind mapping model.
Helium ion microscope – secondary ion mass spectrometry for geological materials
Authors: Ball Matthew R , Taylor Richard J M , Einsle Joshua F , Khanom Fouzia , Guillermier Christelle , Harrison Richard J
Published: October 2020

The helium ion microscope (HIM) is a focussed ion beam instrument with unprecedented spatial resolution for secondary electron imaging but has traditionally lacked microanalytical capabilities. With the addition of the secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) attachment, the capabilities of the instrument have expanded to microanalysis of isotopes from Li up to hundreds of atomic mass units, effectively opening up the analysis of all natural and geological systems. However, the instrument has thus far been underutilised by the geosciences community, due in no small part to a lack of a thorough understanding of the quantitative capabilities of the instrument. Li represents an ideal element for an exploration of the instrument as a tool for geological samples, due to its importance for economic geology and a green economy, and the difficult nature of observing Li with traditional microanalytical techniques. Also Li represents a “best-case” scenario for isotopic measurements. Here we present details of sample preparation, instrument sensitivity, theoretical, and measured detection limits for both elemental and isotopic analysis as well as practicalities for geological sample analyses of Li alongside a discussion of potential geological use cases of the HIM–SIMS instrument.
Computational tools for drawing, building and displaying carbohydrates: a visual guide
Authors: Lal Kanhaya , Bermeo Rafael , Perez Serge
Published: October 2020

Drawing and visualisation of molecular structures are some of the most common tasks carried out in structural glycobiology, typically using various software. In this perspective article, we outline developments in the computational tools for the sketching, visualisation and modelling of glycans. The article also provides details on the standard representation of glycans, and glycoconjugates, which helps the communication of structure details within the scientific community. We highlight the comparative analysis of the available tools which could help researchers to perform various tasks related to structure representation and model building of glycans. These tools can be useful for glycobiologists or any researcher looking for a ready to use, simple program for the sketching or building of glycans.
White Peritoneum
Authors: Manzar S
Published: October 2020

Misadventure of the Gastrostomy Tube (GT) has been described in the literature resulting in complications [1]. Here we present a case of dislodged GT diagnosed by contrast administration.
Kajian Psikologis Taḥfiẓ Al-Qur’an Anak Usia 6-12 Tahun
Authors: Raya Moch. Khafidz Fuad
Published: October 2020

Melihat sejarah perkembangan dunia Islam dalam upaya pemeliharaan Al-Qur’an sampai akhir zaman melalui Taḥfiẓ al-Qur’an, rupanya telah menginspirasi pendidikan Islam saat ini. Program Taḥfiẓ al-Qur’an yang saat ini digandrungi oleh masyarakat sebagai program unggulan yang ditawarkan oleh lembaga pendidikan Islam telah membuat laju perkembangan pendidikan Islam meningkat. Program ini bukan hanya diminati oleh orang dewasa yang mempunyai keinginan menghafal Al-Qur’an tetapi juga dari level anak-anak seusia 6-12 tahun. Peningkatan animo orang tua untuk mengikutsertakan anaknya ke dalam program Taḥfiẓ al-Qur’an harus diapreasiasi, namun para pendidik dan orang tua juga harus memperhatikan kondisi psikologis perkembangan anak seusia 6-12 tahun. Perlu kajian lebih lanjut mengenai kondisi psikologis anak dalam menghafal Al-Qur’an, jangan sampai kegiatan tambahan ini akan membebani anak diusia mereka dan menghilangkan jatidiri mereka sebagai anak diusia tersebut; melihat pertimbangan kepadatan waktu pendidikan yang ditempuh anak di pendidikan formal seperti di sekolah dasar, ekstrakurikuler, dan pendidikan lainnya.
Nilai Pendidikan Islam pada Komunitas Majelis Ṣalawāt Syekhermania di Mataraman Jawa Timur dalam Menumbuhkan Nasionalisme
Authors: Imaduddin Imaduddin
Published: October 2020

Artikel ini mendeskripsikan nilai pendidikan Islam majelis ṣalawāt Habib Syekh Bin Abdul Qodir Assegaf dalam menumbuhkan Nasionalisme di daerah Mataraman, Jawa Timur. Studi ini penting dilakukan karena dalam banyak kasus, isu nasionalisme sering diperbincangkan publik. Beberapa riset yang telah dilakukan menunjukan bahwa di beberapa daerah, generasi muda (remaja) mulai meragukan Pancasila sebagai dasar negara. Bahkan, ideologi bangsa (Pancasila) sering dipertentangkan dengan ideologi agama (Islam). Jika dibiarkan kondisi ini akan sangat berbahaya bagi keberlangsungan suatu bangsa. Keberadaan majelis ṣalawāt Habib Syekh menjadi penting dalam rangka menumbuhkan nasionalisme. Apalagi komunitas pecinta Habib Syekh yang disebut “Syekhermania” mencapai ribuan orang dan berusia remaja. Basis utama “Syekhermania” adalah daerah Mataraman, Jawa Timur. Komunitas ini terbentuk atas inisiatif kesadaran sendiri. Dengan kata lain, komunitas ini lahir bukan dibentuk oleh “Top Down” tetapi “Bottom Up”. Mereka adalah aset bangsa yang kelak meneruskan estafet kepemimpinan bangsa Indonesia. Dalam beberapa kegiatan majelisnya, Habib Syekh secara terbuka mengajak jamaahnya untuk mencinta terhadap bangsa dan negaranya. Setiap kali Habib Syekh tampil di panggung, dalam akhir acara selalu menyanyikan lagu-lagu nasioalisme. Lagu-lagu yang dinyanyikan tersebut disadari atau tidak merupakan bagian penting dalam menanamkan nasionalisme.
Problematika Pendidikan Islam di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0.
Authors: Rozi Bahru
Published: October 2020

Keberadaan pendidikan Islam di Indonesia sudah sejak lama sejak abad ke 13 M namun berbagai persoalan selalu mengiringi pendidikan Islam dari zaman penjajahan kolonial, Orde Lama, Orde Baru, Reformasi, hingga di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. apalagi di tengah zaman industrialisasi ini memaksakan semua elemen di dalam Negara dan masyarakat berbasis digitalisasi dan manufaktur. Hal ini sangat jauh berbeda dengan paradigm pendidikan Islam yang berfokus pada pembimbingan manusia agar menjadi insan yang berspiritual Islami harus berorientasi pada teknologi dan manufaktur. Ada beberapa permasalahan yang masih menjadi “batu ganjalan” pendidikan Islam di tengah arus deras zaman industrialisasi ini ialah: Pertama, masih adanya dikotomi ilmu (antara ilmu umum dengan ilmu agama); Kedua, masih lemahnya budaya penelitian dalam lembaga pendidikan Islam (baik sarjananya, praktisinya, pengambil kebijakannya, maupun keterbukaan lembaga pendidikan semisal pesantren dan madrasah yang masing menganggap penelitian adalah produk Barat); Ketiga, problem kurikulum yang sering berganti seiring perubahan menteri pendidikan; Keempat, keterbatasan SDM secara kuantiti maupun kualitas (baik guru, dosen, tutor, ustadz, dan lain-lain); Kelima, sistem manajemen pendidikan Islam yang masih tidak tertata dengan baik; penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan dan ICT dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan, dan; Keenam, sistem evaluasi pendidikan yang selama ini masih bertumpu pada nilai ujian nasional.
Dinamika Tradisi Pendidikan Salaf Pesantren Lirboyo Kediri di Tengah Arus Modernisasi
Authors: Rahman Arif
Published: October 2020

Artikel ini telah merespon masalah perubahan (changing) dan kebertahanan (survival) dalam tradisi salaf pesantren Lirboyo dalam menghadapi arus modernisasi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosio-antropologis, tulisan ini menjadi referensi bagi pesantren lainnya dalam melakukan tata kelola pesantren mempertahankan tradisi pendidikan salaf namun tidak menutup diri dari perkembangan modernisasi. Pesantren Lirboyo lebih fokus pada menghasilkan santri-santri yang berkualitas di zaman modern daripada perubahan mendasar yang keluar dari jati diri pesantren, artinya pesantren Lirboyo menggunakan pola kebertahanan dengan langkah reproduksi. Pertama, reproduksi proses komposisi sistem sosial genetikal secara hierarki yang memegang teguh prinsip bahwa pesantren merupakan warisan leluhur yang harus dijaga kelestariannya. Kedua, reproduksi paradigma bangunan keilmuan pesantren (dari ilmu agama saja menjadi perpaduan ilmu agama dengan ilmu umum) yang berimplikasi pada skill dan karakter lulusan pesantren. Ketiga, reproduksi tata kelola pesantren secara desentralisasi dan otonomi pada pondok cabang dan unit-unit yang dimiliki.
Attitude and Practices Among Health Science Students Towards e-Learning
Authors: Tetarbe Tanusree , SHARMA Hritika , VIVEK Kavitha , THAKARE Vaishali , Langade Deepak
Published: October 2020

Poster presented at Forum for Interdisciplinary Research in Medicine, Science & Technology Conference, Moscow 2020
Peer reviewed by JS Bamrah, Ananthakrishnan Raghuraman, Soumit Dasgupta & Jyothi Srinivasan
Lyginamųjų vidaus atitvarų garso slėgio izoliacijos tyrimai
Authors: Sarpalius Domininkas , Januševičius Tomas
Published: October 2020

Atitvara – vienas iš pagrindinių pastato elementų. Jos skiria atskirus kambarius ir kitas erdves, tokios atitvaros vadinamos
vidinėmis atitvaromis, taip pat būna atitvaros, sujungtos su pamatais ir stogu, taip sudarant pastato bendrą karkasą, tokios atitvaros vadinamos
išorinėmis. Atitvarų charakteristikos priklauso nuo tam tikrų veiksnių: ekonominių, stilistinių, apsauginių, akustinių. Viena iš svarbiausių
atitvaros charakteristikų yra izoliuoti garso slėgio lygį arba jį absorbuoti gyvenamuosiuose, trumpalaikės paskirties, mokslo ir gydymo paskirties
pastatuose. Atitvaros sandara yra labai svarbi kalbant apie garso slėgio izoliaciją, nes priklausomai nuo tam tikros pastato paskirties keičiasi ir
atitvaros sandara. Atitvaros dažniausiai sudarytos iš plytų arba blokelių mūro ir tinko, rečiau monolitinės. Atitvaros struktūra nulemia garso slėgio
izoliaciją. Tyrime lyginamos skirtingo tipo atitvaros su skirtingais izoliacijos lygiais. Prasčiausia atitvara sudaryta iš silikatinių plytų,
izoliacijos lygis yra 47,0 dB. Priimtina atitvara sudaryta iš keramzitbetonio blokelių, nes jos izoliacijos lygis siekia 55,1 dB. Labai gera
atitvaros izoliacija siekia 62,1 dB, nes ji sudaryta iš monolitinio betono. Atitvaros garso slėgio izoliacijai gerinti naudojamas gipso kartonas,
akmens vata, putų polistirenas, gumos plokštės ir kt. Žinant, kokios paskirties pastatas statomas, atsižvelgiant į garso slėgio lygio izoliavimo
reikalavimus, projektuojant svarbu parinkti tinkamą mūrą ir atitvaros konstrukcinius elementus.
Biologiniu būdu valytų nuotekų dezinfekavimo tyrimas
Authors: August Paul , Dauknys Regimantas
Published: October 2020

Šiame straipsnyje vertinamas mažų nuotekų kiekių dezinfekavimas taikant du skirtingo poveikio ultravioletine
spinduliuote būdus: kai UV lempa kontaktuoja su nuotekomis ir kai ji nekontaktuoja. Nustatyta, kad abu būdai yra veiksmingi, tačiau
tyrimų rezultatai rodo, jog po penkių savaičių eksploatacijos kontaktinio dezinfekavimo būdo atveju išvalymo rezultatai mažėja: įranga
apsineša nuosėdomis ir rezultatai prastėja. Bekontakčio dezinfekavimo įrangos rezultatai stabilūs. E. coli bakterijų skaičius
po dezinfekavimo nuolat didėjo – nuo 20 vnt./100 ml iki 95 vnt./100 ml, o bekontakčio dezinfekavimo atveju jis išliko pastovus ir
svyravo nuo 10 vnt./100 ml iki 23 vnt./100 ml.
The use of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum Bark) for Patients with Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kamber Harth Mohamed , Al-Marzooq Tawfiq Jasim Mohammed , Hussein Malath Anwar , Hassan Qays Ahmed , Marzouq Ahmed Abid
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is common, yet no curative treatment identified. Cinnamon is a herbal substance, which has many applications in medicine.
AIM: The aim of the study was to study the effect of cinnamon on patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
METHODS: Sixty patients with documented CP/CPPS randomized into two groups during 2018 and 2019 in Baghdad. The first group received 60 capsules each contained 1 g of cinnamon. The other group received 60 capsules each contained 1 g of sugar powder (placebo). All the patients instructed to take one capsule twice daily for 1 month. National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was reported for both groups at baseline and after 1 month of treatment. The primary outcome was a patient perceivable improvement defined as a reduction of the NIH-CPSI by 6 or more points after 1 month, whereas improvement of sub-scores of NIH-CPSI (pain, urinary symptoms, and quality of life) considered as a secondary outcome, and adverse reactions reported.
RESULTS: Thirteen patients (43.3%) of the cinnamon group have 6 or more points of reduction in the total NIH-CPSI compared to four patients (13.3%) of the control groups (p = 0.01). The improvement in total NIH-CPSI score was mainly due to improvement in pain sub-score, whereas in urinary symptoms, there was marginal change with no significant change in the quality of life score. The only reported side effect was gastric upset in one patient.
CONCLUSION: The study concluded that cinnamon improves NIH-CPSI in patients with CP/CPPS.
REGISTRATION: The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the ID: NCT03946163.
Novel CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF is Superior to CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc Score to Predict the Risk of Severe Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Andrianto Andrianto , Jovie Benny , Al Farabi Makhyan Jibril , Gandi Parama , Shonafi Khubay Alvia , Lathifah Rofida
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Various risk scoring methods are available to predict the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the majority of them are complex and require advanced technologies, thus limiting its usage in primary care settings. CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF is a novel risk scoring which we develop from CHA2DS2-VASc score.
AIM: We hypothesize that CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF is predictive for the risk of severe CAD, and we compare its validity with previously established CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 210 patients who underwent elective coronary angiography were enrolled in our study. Anthropometric, laboratory, angiographic findings, and patient history were obtained from medical records and used to calculate CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score. Severe CAD defined as coronary artery occlusion with the Gensini score of ≥20. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS 25.0 and MedCalc 18.2.1.
RESULTS: This research showed that the patient with severe CAD has significantly higher CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc, and CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score compared to normal and mild CAD (p < 0.001). CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc, and CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF correlated significantly with the CAD severity (r = 0.315, p ≤ 0.001; r = 0.395, p ≤ 0.001; r = 0.612, p ≤ 0.001, respectively). CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF may predict the risk of severe CAD independent from other variables (odds ratio = 2.540; 95% confidence interval = 1.794–3.595; p = 0.002) with the cutoff value of ≥2.5 (sensitivity = 81.4% and specificity = 68.1%). Pairwise comparison of receiver operating characteristic curves showed that CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF was superior to predict severe CAD.
CONCLUSIONS: CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF scores may predict the risk of severe CAD better than CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score. This score may easily be used in primary care physicians to predict the risk of severe CAD and provide an early referral to the cardiologist.
Spousal Desertion and Coping Strategies among Ever-married Women with Breast Cancer in Kwara and Ogun States Nigeria
Authors: Amoo Emmanuel O. , Samuel Gbemisola W. , Ajayi Mofoluwake P. , Allo Tolulope , Adekeye Olujide , Olawole-Isaac Adebanke
Published: October 2020

AIM: The study examined the coping strategies among ever-married women with breast cancer in disrupted marriages (divorced, separated, or living-alone ever-married women) who also have limited access to social support.
METHODS: Data for the study were extracted from 2015 behavioral risk factors for breast and cervical cancers in two states of Nigeria. Respondents for the study were identified through three approaches: (1) Self-reported disclosure of breast cancer, (2) informant-leading approach, and (3) outpatients located in oncological specialized health facilities and herbal homes. Formal approval was sought from the management of selected health facilities and community leaders. The respondents also voluntarily shared their experiences after obtaining their informed consent. Textual data obtained from a total of nine breast cancer survivors and patients identified and interviewed were analyzed for this study, using framework and content analytic procedures. The results were presented as excerpts and in themes.
RESULTS: Results revealed two categories of respondents: (1) Breast cancer survivors/patients with husband and (2) those without husbands. Common perspectives were regrets, loss of intimacy, and determination to survive. Basic coping strategies identified are seeking medical support, resignation to fate, and involvement in religion activities. The study concludes that a partner’s support was a great yearning for survivors/patients.
CONCLUSION: The authors recommended counseling on partner’s assistance among spouses, especially during sicknesses and diseases. It is also important to raise awareness of the risk factors of breast cancer and the need for constant check-ups among women in the study locations, and by extension, other sub-Saharan African countries.
Effectiveness of the EMPOWER-PAR Intervention on Primary Care Providers’ Adherence to Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pragmatic Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Daud Maryam Hannah , Ramli Anis Safura , Abdul-Razak Suraya , Haniff Jamaiyah , Tg Abu Bakar Sidik Tg Mohd Ikhwan , Mohd Hatta Nur Khairul Bariyyah , Mahmood Sarimah , Lakshmanan Sharmila
Published: October 2020

AIM: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the EMPOWER- participatory action research (PAR) intervention, a multifaceted strategy based on the chronic care model (CCM) on primary care providers (PCP)’ adherence to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) clinical practice guideline (CPG) in the Malaysian primary care setting.
METHODS: This was a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial –PAR conducted in ten public primary care clinics in Malaysia. Five clinics were randomly selected to provide the EMPOWER-PAR intervention for 1 year and another five clinics continued with usual care. The outcome measure was the absolute change in the proportion of PCP’s adherence to T2DM CPG captured using the “Indicators of Care Pro forma,” based on the recommendation by the Malaysian CPG on the Management of T2DM. Data were collected from the patients’ medical records, at baseline and at 1-year follow-up; and were analyzed using mixed method model.
RESULTS: A total of 888 patients were recruited at baseline; 471 were in the intervention and 417 were in the control group. There was no significant demographic difference between the two groups at baseline except for ethnicity. At 1-year, 455 (96.6%) and 406 (97.3%) patients in the intervention and control groups completed the study, respectively. There were significant improvements in the absolute change in the proportion of PCPs’ adherence to T2DM CPG in the intervention group compared to the control group at 1-year follow-up in several indicators of care. These included the recording of BMI (0.6% vs. −1.8%, p<0.001); performing foot examination (2.4% vs. 0.6%, p<0.001); performing funduscopy/fundus photography (1.5% vs. 0.3%, p<0.001); monitoring renal profile (0.9% vs. −0.6%, p=0.001); measuring urine protein (1.2% vs. 0.6%, p<0.001), and giving lifestyle modification and self-management advice (1.2% vs. −0.3%, p<0.001) in the intervention versus control groups, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The EMPOWER-PAR intervention has been proven to be effective in improving the PCPs’ adherence to T2DM CPG in several indicators of care. Findings from this study provided objective evidence of the effectiveness of multifaceted intervention based on the CCM in the Malaysian public primary care setting.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered with: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01545401. Date of registration: 1st March 2012.
Hurdle Aerobic Exercise Increases Angiogenesis and Neuroplasticity in the Hippocampus and Improves the Spatial Memory Ability of Middle-aged Mice
Authors: Irfannuddin Irfannuddin , Siagian Minarma , Jusman Sri , Purba Jan , Ilyas Ermita , Ibrahim Nurhadi
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Complex aerobic exercise is believed to induce positive effects on neuron structure and cognitive function. Long-term and continual cognitive stimulation increases neuroplasticity by stimulating the synthesis of neuronal growth proteins and the formation of new synapses. Exercise also increases the ability of neurons to survive and improves brain vascularization. Further investigations should be conducted to explore what types of aerobic exercise are beneficial for cognitive function.
AIM: This study investigated the effects of hurdle aerobic exercise on developmentally regulated brain protein-A (Drebrin-A) as a neuroplasticity indicator, and on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as an angiogenesis marker in the hippocampus.
METHODS: This study was an experimental study with post-test only control group design. Thirty-three adult mice were divided into control, hurdle aerobic runner (HAR), and plain aerobic runner (PAR) groups (n = 11 for each group). Fiberglass running wheels were originally designed and modified to assemble hurdles inside with adjustable speed. Speed adaptation was intended to achieve aerobic intensity. The experiment was performed 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The Morris water maze test (MWMT) was used to assess spatial memory ability. One day after the last running exercise and final MWMT, the mice were sacrificed and the right side of the hippocampus was obtained for Drebrin-A analysis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The entire right side brain tissue after hippocampus was removed then used for the neuroglobin ELISA assay. To analyze VEGF expression and calculation of blood vessel, the left side of the brain was prepared for hematoxylin eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. To assess the effect of exercise on vascular widening, the analysis of the slides was performed by calculating the percentage of blood vessels with diameters more than 15 μm. One-way ANOVA and Fisher’s least significant difference test was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the levels of Drebrin-A between the HAR and PAR groups. Both exercise groups had higher levels of Drebrin-A than the control group. HAR and PAR groups exhibited significantly higher percentages of blood vessels expressing VEGF in hippocampus compared to control. HAR and PAR groups had the higher percentages of larger vessels compare to control. There was no significant difference of neuroglobin levels among the three groups. Both the HAR and PAR groups exhibited better spatial memory than the control group.
CONCLUSION: Both aerobic exercises induced positive effects on brain angiogenesis, while the intensity of aerobic exercises did not result in high hypoxic stress in the brain.
Naked Eye Detection of α0 Thalassemia --SEA Type using Hydroxynaphthol Blue Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification
Authors: Phraephan Somphon , Watanasatitarpa Suphatra , Intorasoot Sorasak
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Alpha-thalassemia is a major health problem for worldwide populations due to its recent large-scale global movements to many other parts of the world. The most effective method to prevent the spread of the worst form of α-thalassemia disorder, hemoglobin Bart’s hydrops fetalis, is to identify the genotypes of an α0 thalassemia carrier and then conduct subsequent genetic counseling.
AIM: This research was aimed to develop a new method for the detection of α0 thalassemia (Southeast Asia or SEA) --SEA type using hydroxynaphthol blue loop-mediated isothermal amplification (HNB-LAMP) and by visually reading results using the naked eye.
METHODS: This experimental research was conducted at Rangsit University, Pathum Thani Provinces, Thailand, from 2016 to 2018. Two sets of LAMP primers were used, one set of primer was used to detect the two existing α genes and the other set used in the detection of two α genes deletion --SEA types which were designed based on the nucleotide sequence of two α genes deletion from four cases of the α0 thalassemia carrier --SEA type. HNB-LAMP was developed, and then, 77 cases from subjects were evaluated by comparing them with a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
RESULTS: The newly developed HNB-LAMP shows a high diagnostic sensitivity and diagnostic specificity, 100% in correct interpretation, from 10 cases of α0 thalassemia carriers --SEA type, 29 cases of α+ thalassemia carrier -α3.7 type, 8 cases of hemoglobin constant spring/hemoglobin Pakse′ (HbCS/HbPS), and 30 standard cases.
CONCLUSION: This newly developed HNB-LAMP is suitable for in the field applications for detecting the presence of α0 thalassemia --SEA type due to its high diagnostic sensitivity, high diagnostic specificity, and, most notably, the ability to be detected with the naked eye.
Validating Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Molecular Diagnosis of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Authors: Alia Dina , Kurniawan Ferry Dwi , Ridwan Azwar , Mahdani Wilda , Hagiwara Koichi
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Pathogen identification is critical for antibiotic selection in suppurative otitis media. However, bacterial culture challenges from suppurative specimens often cause antibiotic misuse and ineffective treatment. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) controlled by the human cells contained in the specimen (HIRA-TAN) has been established in differentiate between pathogens and colonization in the previous pneumonia study.
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of HIRA-TAN and determine the causative pathogen in chronic suppurative otitis media.
METHODS: Thirty-nine patients were recruited to the study. The otorrhea was swab-collected and processed for both bacterial culture and a multiplex PCR-based test. The cutoff of cycle threshold to determinate the pathogens was defined by receiver operating characteristic curves.
RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients ranging from 1.7 to 62 years old were enrolled. The hearing impairment was found different between adult and children (p < 0.005) with adults (24/29 patients) had a significantly higher rate. A total of 35.9% of samples were positive for bacterial culture; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Morganella morganii, while Bacteroides fragilis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Escherichia coli were not identified by culture, although high cycle-threshold values were obtained suggesting the inability of the culture system in detecting some pathogens.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that HIRA-TAN is a potential diagnostic tool in suppurative otitis media and warrant a larger cohort study.
Inflammatory Pseudotumor/Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Spleen – A Case Report
Authors: Jovanovic Rubens , Eftimov Aleksandar , Antovic Svetozar , Kostovski Ognen , Labachevski Bojan , Nikodinovski Aleksandar , Petrushevska Gordana
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Splenic inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT)/inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare pseudotumor/tumor of unknown origin, which is usually benign, although atypical and aggressive cases have been reported. It is a lesion composed of proliferated myofibroblastic cells (hence IMT by some authors) with admixed pleomorphic inflammatory cells of varying proportions.
CASE REPORT: Herein, we report a case of 61-year-old male patient with ill-defined abdominal discomfort and no other symptoms and signs. Clinical and imaging investigations revealed a mass in the spleen that was equivocally interpreted as secondary neoplasm, although primary neoplasm of the spleen was not excluded by the radiologists. Splenectomy was performed and on gross examination a well demarcated greyish-livid tumor measuring 3.5 cm × 3 cm × 3 cm was discovered. Microscopic examination showed proliferation of loosely arranged spindle cells admixed with inflammatory cells (histiocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, occasional plasma cells, and/or plasmacytoid cells) with varying density and multifocal clustering, multifocal hemorrhage, and fibrinoid-like deposition. We performed additional histochemical and immunohistochemical stainings which were consistent with the diagnosis of IPT/IMT. Next-generation sequencing (TruSight Tumor 15) showed common TP53 polymorphism (c.215C>G; p.Pro72Arg) along with several intronic and synonymous single nucleotide variations (SNVs), as well as five low confidence missense SNVs. Sixteen months after the operation the patient has uneventful follow-up.
CONCLUSION: Although the incidence of IPT/IMT is low, awareness of its existence is necessary. The prognosis is favorable following splenectomy in most cases. Careful microscopic examination of the specimen is mandatory, due to possible misdiagnosis. We believe that extensive NGS analysis on archive samples would provide more data about the spectrum of possible genetic changes in lesions like IPM/IMT.
Relationships between Histopathology Type and Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response for Cervical Cancer Stage IB2 and IIA2
Authors: Muhammad Syamel , Jamsari Jamsari , Suharti Netti , Hidayat Yudi Mulyana , Khatimah Gistin Husnul
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer was the fourth common women cancer in the world and the second most in Indonesia. Chemotherapy has been evaluated as a therapy strategy to treat cervical cancer stage IB2 and IIA2 prior the radical hysterectomy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was still being a controversy for the chemotherapy resistance patient and will delay the definitive therapy. A marker is needed to identify patient which more relatively resistant to chemotherapy. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) type was known to have a better response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy than non-SCC (nSCC) type, but they are no studies at Dr. M. Djamil Padang General Hospital yet on this matter before.
OBJECTIVE: The objectives of the study were to obtain the relationship between histopathology type and neoadjuvant chemotherapy response for cervical cancer stage IB2 and IIA2.
METHODS: This cohort analytic study conducted at Dr. M Djamil Padang Hospital which obtained 35 samples of stage IB2 and IIA2 cervical cancer patients whom treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results of histopathology are based on biopsy at diagnosis done for cervical cancer and chemotherapy response is based on transrectal ultrasound examinations before and after given neoadjuvant chemotherapy with response evaluation criteria in solid tumors criteria.
RESULTS: Complete response and partial response in the SCC and nSCC group were 32%–50%, while stable disease (SD) and progressive disease were 68% in the SCC group to 50% in the nSCC group.
CONCLUSION: There was no significant relationship between histopathological type and neoadjuvant chemotherapy response for cervical cancer stage IB2 and IIA2 (p = 0.44).
Evaluation of Plaque Removal Efficacy of Dental Floss with/without Chlorhexidine Gel Coating in Patients with Gingivitis - A Clinical and Microbological Study
Authors: Pal Monika , Kumar Santhosh , Shenoy Padmaja A. , Chaitanya T. A. K. , Pratibha G. , Bhat G. Subraya
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Chlorhexidine has shown anti-plaque and antimicrobial effects when used as a mouthwash and appears to be effective when used as a topical antiseptic agent.
AIM: The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of chlorhexidine gel coated dental floss with that of uncoated dental floss.
METHODS: This parallel, single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial Included 30 patients with moderate to severe gingivitis. The total population was randomly divided into three groups, with ten patients in each group. Group A received dental floss with 1% chlorhexidine gel, and Group B received only dental floss, while in Group C no dental floss was provided. All thirty volunteers were provided with standard toothpaste and toothbrush. Clinical parameters such as gingival index, plaque index, and bleeding index were recorded along with supragingival plaque sample collection for microbiological culture. Subjects were recalled after 15 days and clinical and microbiological analysis was performed. All parameters were re-assessed at the follow up visit after two weeks.
RESULTS: All the groups showed a significant reduction in values of plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding index, as well as the microbial counts post-enrollment in the study. A significant reduction in the bleeding indices was noticed in Group A in comparison to C (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The use of dental floss coated with 1% chlorhexidine gluconate gel was effective as an interproximal aid for patients with moderate to severe gingivitis.
Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Hamed Rania A. , Elmalt Heba A. , Salama Abeer A. , Abozaid Sarah Y. , Ahmed Amani S.
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Many data support that oxidative stress and inflammation represent a pathway to pathology in a number of depressed patients. Therefore, investigating this pathway presents an area for developing potential therapeutic strategies for depression.
AIM: This study compares the serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in depressed and non-depressed subjects and correlate between their levels with severity of disorder, socio-demographic characteristics, previous hospitalization, and number of episodes.
METHODS: A total of 60 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) from the Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic in Al-Zahra University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, during the period from July 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018. A cross-matched control group of 60 subjects was selected from employers working in the hospital, complete psychiatric history, Hamilton Depression rating scale was done and serum levels of MDA, Nrf2, and SOD were estimated.
RESULTS: No statistical difference between patient and control group was observed regarding age, sex, education, and marital status. The number of patients with mild depression was 28 (46.7%), moderate depression 18 (30%), and severe depression 14 (23.3%). The mean duration of illness in years was 6.13, and mean number of episodes was 3.66. MDA level was significantly elevated in the patient group than the control one. Meanwhile, SOD and Nrf2 were significantly lower in the patient group than the control. There was significant relationship between duration of illness and number of episodes and MDA, Nrf2, and SOD levels.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that oxidative stress can attribute to the occurrence of MDD.