bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of national tobacco control program (NTCP) initiative on tobacco cessation among transgenders in Puducherry – A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Sidhu Logesh , Kumar Suriya , Ragavane Priyadharshini , Chandrasekaran Priyanga , Murugappan Senthil
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the National Tobacco Control Program initiative on the attitudes toward tobacco use and tobacco dependency among transgender individuals in Puducherry.

Materials and Methods:

A Quasi-experimental design was used to examine the effectiveness of the intervention. The study involved 52 transgender individuals from the SCOHD organization in Puducherry. The intervention included two awareness sessions, the Distribution of IEC materials during each session, and recreational activities for the participants. Changes in attitude toward tobacco use were measured using the Intention to Quit Tobacco questionnaire, while tobacco dependency among participants was assessed using the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependency Scale (FNDS). Measurements were taken at baseline and third month to track the evolution of attitudes and dependency.

Results:

The program resulted in significant shifts in attitude and nicotine dependency among transgender individuals. This program indicated a positive trend, with an increase in individuals progressing to the contemplation and preparation stages, suggesting a growing willingness to reduce or quit tobacco use. The Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependency Scale showed a decrease in nicotine dependency over three months.

Conclusion:

The NTCP awareness sessions and follow-ups had a noticeable impact on altering attitudes toward tobacco use and reducing nicotine dependency among transgender individuals in Puducherry.
Tele-medicine and its impact on academic medical centers: A narrative review
Authors: Weng Bob , Morrissey Reid , Zafar Maryam , Siddiqui Sameed , DeVrieze Bradley , Jabbar Ali B. A. , Mirza Mohsin , Sood Akshat , Tauseef Abubakar
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Telemedicine is a potential complementary modality with remarkable benefits for future healthcare delivery when incorporated appropriately. This review article examines the importance of telemedicine in various types of healthcare facilities and its utility in remote and underserved settings. PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase databases were used for the literature review. The terminologies commonly searched were “Telemedicine”, “Academic”, “Medical Centers”, and “Prospective”, resulting in a total of 12 articles spanning the past 20 years. All articles included in the study suggest that telemedicine can play a significant role in elective, outpatient, inpatient, and urgent care, including emergencies, particularly for patients living in rural or underserved areas.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors among the government bank’s employees of district Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Prajapati Ajay Kumar , Prajapati Ruchi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) involves having at least 3 out of 5 health conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. These conditions include increased blood pressure (BP), high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels. Each of these conditions is treatable with lifestyle changes and/or medication.

Objective:

1). To find out the prevalence of MetS and various risk factors associated with it through MetS’s screening criteria. 2) To find out the health risk status and stress level among bank’s employees in the government sector.

Material and Methods:

A medical health camp was organised for all bank’s employees to rule out the various health-related disorders. Thus, 64 beneficiaries were participated. A detailed history was taken regarding their socio-demographic profile, risk factors affecting the MetS, and stress levels among each individual through the direct personal interview method.

Results:

As per MetS’s screening criteria (NCEP-ATP III), the prevalence of MetS was 7.81% among the bank’s employees. The various risk factors affecting the MetS are elevated serum triglyceride level, elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG), raised BP, enlarged WC, etc., The majority of individuals had a high risk of health status 27 (42.1%) and a moderate level of stress, i.e., 38 (59.4%), respectively. Most of the participants were hypertensive 49 (76.6%), diabetic 16 (28.6%), and obese 37 (57.8%).

Conclusion:

Common concerns of male gender, increasing age and BMI, sedentary lifestyle, stress and positive family history should be considered for early identification and appropriate intervention to fight against the growing MetS epidemic.
Efficacy of Flipped Classroom and Didactic Lecture Approaches in Undergraduate Respiratory Medicine Education
Authors: Pandey Ramesh , Mishra Satyendra , Sahu Manoj , Saad Talha , Mishra Nitu , Saxena Saumya
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

This study used a mixed-methods design, analyzing quantitative pre- and post-assessment scores alongside qualitative student feedback. Undergraduate students in Respiratory Medicine were randomly assigned to either the Flipped Classroom or Didactic Lecture groups.

Method:

The study compares the effectiveness and perceived impact of the Flipped Classroom versus Didactic Lecture approaches in Undergraduate Respiratory Medicine Education.

Results:

The Flipped Classroom group showed significantly higher post-assessment scores and positive feedback, highlighting increased engagement, collaborative learning, and self-directed study.

Conclusion:

The study supports the effectiveness of the Flipped Classroom over traditional lectures, emphasizing active student involvement and personalized learning in Respiratory Medicine education.
Digital Health Literacy and Surgical Information - Seeking Behaviour: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Asmit Mayank , Kumar Bhartendu , Kibria Tauseef , Firdaus Soofia , Tanweer Md Khalid , Kibria Sadaf
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

In an era marked by technological advancements and increased digital information accessibility, digital health literacy has emerged as a pivotal factor in healthcare decision-making.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey involving 400 participants was conducted. Digital health literacy, information sources, frequency of surgical information seeking, and factors influencing information-seeking behavior were assessed. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and inferential tests.

Results:

The study found diverse digital health literacy levels, with 45% in the moderate category. Social media (60%) and healthcare websites (70%) were primary information sources. A significant portion (30%) frequently sought surgical information online. Trust in online information (mean = 3.85), perceived usefulness (mean = 4.12), and access barriers (mean = 2.95) played crucial roles. Digital health literacy influenced information seeking, with moderate literacy individuals (60%) being the most engaged.

Conclusion:

Understanding digital health literacy and information-seeking behavior is vital for patient empowerment and healthcare decision-making. Tailored interventions should target trust-building, perceived usefulness, and access barriers.
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Short Implants Versus Conventional Implants in the Posterior Mandible
Authors: Alqhtani Nasser Raqe
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Because of the posterior mandible’s shortened vertical bone height, using dental implants, there comes with special difficulties. It has been suggested that using short implants (≤8 mm) would prevent the need for subsequent surgical operations such as bone grafting. In total, 180 implants were inserted into the posterior mandible in 120 individuals who were part of this retrospective cohort research. Ninety patients in the short implant group (implants ≤8 mm) and 90 patients in the standard implant group (implants ≥10 mm) were split into two groups. Expert medical professionals installed all of the implants, and fixed prostheses were used to repair them. Over a 5-year follow-up period, clinical indicators such as implant survival rate, marginal bone loss (MBL), probing depth (PD), and patient satisfaction were evaluated.

Results:

Whereas conventional implants showed a survival rate of 95.6% (P = 0.42), the survival rate of short implants was 92.5%. The standard implant group (mean MBL: 1.0 mm) and the short implant group (mean MBL: 1.3 mm) had somewhat increased bone loss, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.15). The two groups’ mean probing depth and patient satisfaction ratings were similar, with 2.6 mm for short implants and 2.4 mm for traditional implants (P = 0.38). Both implant types showed good clinical results overall with little side effects.

Conclusion:

Comparing short implants to standard implants in the posterior mandible, comparable long-term clinical results are shown. Short implants are a good substitute even if they have a little greater bone loss rate. This is especially true when there is a restricted vertical bone height.
Comparison of Root Coverage Procedure done with and without Loupes along with CGF—A Clinical Study
Authors: Elangovan Ramnath , Nallathambi Kowsalya , Maganti Dinesh C , Maganti Anitha , Soman Dona , Diwekar Niranjan
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The coronally advanced flap (CAF) is a regularly used treatment for gingival recession, which is defined by the apical movement of the marginal gingiva, resulting in root exposure and unsightly crown extension. Treatment approaches have evolved, moving toward less invasive procedures like microsurgery.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty patients with bilateral Miller’s class I and class II gingival recessions, aged between 18 and 40, were chosen at random from the Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital’s outpatient department in Melmaruvathur. A coin toss was used to split the patient population into test and control groups and groups. The test group received CAF with CGF under 3.5 × magnification using dental loupes, whereas the control group had CAF with CGF membrane using standard surgical techniques. Preoperative and three-month postoperative records were made of clinical measures, such as probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), recession height (RH), recession width (RW), and width of keratinized tissue (WKT).

Results:

Both groups’ mean postoperative values showed a significant improvement. Significant decreases in RH (3.0 mm to 0.4 mm, P < 0.0001), RW (2.6 mm to 0.3 mm, P < 0.0001), and WKT (4.2 mm to 6.8 mm, P = 0.0002) were seen in the control group. Significant decreases in RH (2.9 mm to 0.2 mm, P < 0.0001), RW (2.9 mm to 0.2 mm, P < 0.0001), and an increase in WKT (4.1 mm to 6.8 mm, P < 0.0001) were also seen in the test group. After three months, the test group had a mean percentage of 93% while the control group had a mean percentage of 87% root coverage.

Conclusion:

Adequate root coverage was achieved using both traditional and microsurgical methods. Nonetheless, 3.5 × magnification of CAF with CGF membrane resulted in reduced postoperative discomfort, better healing, more surgical accuracy, and improved ergonomics.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Different Orthodontic Archwire Materials and Their Effect on Tooth Movement Efficiency
Authors: Jain Abhay Kumar , Savana Khumanthem , Singh Shresthaa , Brajendu  , Roy Shovan , Priya Parul
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Orthodontic treatment relies on the efficient movement of teeth, which is influenced by the material properties of archwires.

Materials and Methods:

This study involved 60 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, randomly assigned to three groups, each using a different type of archwire material: stainless steel (SS), nickel–titanium (NiTi), and beta-titanium (TMA). The evaluation was conducted over 6 months, measuring tooth movement efficiency, force delivery, and patient discomfort. Tooth movement was recorded monthly using digital models, and force delivery was assessed using a universal testing machine. Patient discomfort was evaluated through a standardized questionnaire.

Results:

The NiTi archwire group showed the highest tooth movement efficiency, with an average movement of 1.2 mm/month, followed by the SS group with 1.0 mm/month, and the TMA group with 0.9 mm/month. Force delivery was most consistent with the NiTi wires, maintaining an average force of 200 g over the treatment period. Patient discomfort was significantly lower in the NiTi group (mean score of 3.2) compared to the SS (mean score of 4.5) and TMA groups (mean score of 4.1).

Conclusion:

Nickel–titanium archwires demonstrated superior tooth movement efficiency and consistent force delivery with reduced patient discomfort compared to stainless steel and beta-titanium archwires.
Awareness of Phonetic Considerations in the Construction of Removable Dental Prostheses Among Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Jain Sonal , Ramalingam Karthiha , Anbarasu Kayathri , Sarfoji Arun , Keerthana S. Vaibava , Priyadharshini K.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The role of phonetics in the construction of removable dental prostheses is critical for ensuring patient satisfaction and optimal functionality. This study aims to evaluate the awareness and understanding of phonetic considerations among dental students during the fabrication of removable prostheses.

Materials and Methods:

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 dental students. The questionnaire comprised 20 items assessing students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the role of phonetics in removable dental prostheses. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests to determine the significance of differences among various groups.

Results:

Out of 150 respondents, 120 (80%) were aware of the importance of phonetics in the construction of removable dental prostheses. Among them, 95 (63.3%) had received formal training on this topic, while 25 (16.7%) had learned through clinical experience. The majority (85%) of students recognized the impact of phonetic issues on patient comfort and satisfaction. However, only 60% of students routinely incorporated phonetic assessments during prosthesis construction. The Chi-square test revealed a significant difference in awareness levels between students in different years of study (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

This study highlights a moderate level of awareness among dental students regarding the role of phonetics in removable dental prostheses. While most students understand its importance, there is a gap in practical application, indicating a need for enhanced curriculum and training focused on phonetic considerations.
Prediction of mortality in sepsis patients using stacked ensemble machine learning algorithm
Authors: Babu M , Sappani M , Joy M , Chandiraseharan VK , Jeyaseelan L , Sudarsanam TD
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Machine learning (ML) has been tried in predicting outcomes following sepsis. This study aims to identify the utility of stacked ensemble algorithm in predicting mortality.

Methods:

The study was a cohort of adults admitted to a medical unit of a tertiary care hospital with sepsis. The data were divided into a training data set (70%) and a test data set (30%). Boruta algorithm was used to identify important features. In the first phase of stacked ensemble model, weak learners such as random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), elastic net, and gradient boosting machine were trained. The SVM was used in phase 2 as meta learner to combine the results of all weak learners. All models were validated using test data.

Results:

In our cohort of 1,453 patients, the mortality rate was 27% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25, 29). The Boruta algorithm identified inotrope use and assisted ventilation as the most important variables, which could predict mortality. The random forest outperforms (area under the curve [AUC]: 97.91%) the other algorithms. The AUCs for the other models are SVM (95.21%), GBM (93.67%), and GLM net (91.42%). However, the stacking of all the above models had an AUC of 92.14%. In the test data set, the accuracy of all methods including the RF method accuracy decreased (92.6 to 85.5%).

Conclusions:

The random forest showed high accuracy in train and moderate accuracy in the test data. We suggest more regional open-access intensive care databases that can aid making machine learning a bigger support for healthcare personnel.
Assessment of attitude, knowledge, and practice of cosmetovigilance among dermatologists of Gujarat, India
Authors: Modi Ritu , Dumra Gurusharan
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

Cosmetics have major use in the day-to-day life of people, but they are not devoid of potential side effects. Cosmetovigilance refers to the detection, assessment, monitoring, and prevention of cosmetic-induced adverse reactions. Our questionnaire-based study aimed to assess the attitude, knowledge, and practice of cosmetovigilance among dermatologists in Gujarat, India.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional, observational, questionnaire-based study was conducted among dermatologists of Gujarat. The questionnaire was validated content Validity (CV index = 0.98) and copyrighted (L-134516/2023) by the Copyright Office of India. The questionnaire contained 17 questions, and a score was given for each question. The questionnaire was distributed manually or through a digital web link, and responses were collected. Analysis of data was carried out using SPSS 20.0 software.

RESULTS:

A total of 117 dermatologists responded among these, 49 (41.9%) were resident doctors, 24 (20.5%) were faculty in teaching institutes, and 44 (37.6%) were private practitioners, and a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in the knowledge and practice domain among them. Although 71.8% of dermatologists had patients who experienced cosmetic-induced adverse events, only 27.3% had reported it. However, 96.6% agreed that reporting of cosmetic-induced adverse events is necessary.

CONCLUSION:

This study showed a positive attitude and adequate knowledge towards cosmetovigilance but a lack of practice in adverse event reporting.
Case report on Lenvatinib induced acral peeling skin syndrome
Authors: Thomas Ashna Anna , Kurien Sara , Thampi Alin Abraham
Published: December 2024

Lenvatinib is a Food and Drug Administration-approved multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, unresectable or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). It is also approved as a combination therapy with everolimus for RCC. Oral dosages of 4 mg and 10 mg capsules containing lenvatinib are available. The common adverse reactions associated with lenvatinib include rash, myalgia, hypertension, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, decreased, headache, and proteinuria, and it is advised to be used with caution in patients with cardiac dysfunction, past arterial thromboembolic event, hepatotoxicity, renal failure, gastrointestinal perforation, QT prolongation, hypocalcemia, thyroid dysfunction, etc. Especially, hypertension is more prominent in subjects aged 75 years and above. Hereby, we report the case of a patient with HCC who developed acral peeling syndrome followed by lenvatinib therapy.
Medication adherence in the elderly: A comprehensive review
Authors: Samajdar Shambo Samrat , Tripathi Rohan , Venkatraman Shravan , Mukherjee Shatavisa , Pal Jyotirmoy , Tripathi Santanu Kumar , Joshi Shashank R , Maheshwari Anuj
Published: December 2024

Medication adherence is critical for managing chronic diseases, especially among the elderly, who often face multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy. This review explores the multifaceted nature of medication adherence in the elderly, including definitions, the importance of adherence, factors affecting adherence, and strategies to improve it. The SIMPLE approach, which stands for Simplify regimen, Impart knowledge, Modify patient beliefs, Provide communication, Leave the bias, and Evaluate adherence, is highlighted as an effective strategy. In addition, the role of empathy and accessibility in enhancing adherence is discussed. Innovative solutions such as MedpeR®, a smart pillbox designed specifically for the Indian elderly, are also examined. This review aims to provide healthcare providers with comprehensive insights and practical approaches to improve medication adherence among elderly patients.
Aluminum Alloy, Extrusions, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn (2024-O), Annealed
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded bars, rods, wire, profiles, and tubing produced with cross sectional area of 32 square inches (206 cm2), maximum (see 8.5).
Mit ChatGpt Agrar-Fachwortschatz erlernen: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen
Authors: Težak Katja , Orthaber Sara
Published: December 2024

Die Einbeziehung künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) – wie ChatGPT – in den Sprachunterricht öffnet neue Perspektiven für den Erwerb eines Fachwortschatzes und von Sprachkompetenzen. Die vorliegende Studie widmet sich, im Deutschunterricht an einer slowenischen Universität für zukünftige Expert/innen der Agrarwissenschaften mithilfe von ChatGPT-3 Termini und deren grammatische Eigenschaften zu extrahieren. Dabei wird untersucht, wie ChatGPT-3 diesbezüglich bei öffentlich verfügbaren wissenschaftlichen Beiträgen zum Thema Landwirtschaft, grüner Wandel und Nachhaltigkeit vorgeht. Die Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, welche Begriffe ChatGPT als bedeutsam für den Deutschunterricht identifiziert und wie sie von dem KI-Instrument dargestellt werden. Außerdem wird aufgezeigt, wie hoch die Fehlerrate ist und welche Terminologie für Studierende der Agrarwissenschaften einerseits hilfreich und relevant, andererseits jedoch potenziell irreführend sein kann. Die Studie könnte zur Erstellung zielgerichteter Lehrmaterialien für Studierende der Agrarwissenschaften genutzt werden, indem Lehrende die von ChatGPT generierten Termini als Ausgangspunkt präsentieren, die von den Studierenden verbessert werden können. Alternativ könnte sie auch in der Form einer „Finde die Fehler“-Aufgabe gestaltet werden.
Les enjeux de l’intelligence artificielle : enseigner et apprendre à traduire sans ordinateur – utopie ou défi ?
Authors: Dobnik Nadja
Published: December 2024

Dans le domaine de la didactique de la traduction professionnelle, les outils de traduction automatique font partie intégrante de l’enseignement et de l’évaluation depuis de nombreuses années. Plus les outils de traduction automatique se sont développés et sont devenus indissociables des métiers de la traduction, plus l’enseignement s’est appuyé sur l’utilisation de ces outils. En conséquence, il est devenu de plus en plus difficile d’évaluer l’authenticité des traductions et la compétence réelle de l’étudiant. Ces questions sont devenues particulièrement pertinentes pendant et après la pandémie du Covid-19 et l’arrivée des systèmes de traduction neuronale lorsque les étudiants se sont habitués à faire leurs traductions à l’aide des outils de traduction automatique. Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche visant à évaluer les traductions du français vers le slovène faites par les étudiants sans ordinateur, comparées à des traductions effectuées à l’aide d’outils de traduction automatique. Les résultats sont intéressants et ouvrent certaines pistes de réflexion sur les méthodes d’enseignement à appliquer.
Laktasyon Dönemindeki Annelerin Emzirme Eş Desteği Algıları ve Bebek Beslenmesine Yönelik Tutumları
Authors: Akça Kamile , Bayrakçı Elif
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, laktasyon dönemindeki annelerin emzirmeyle ilgili eş desteği algılarını ve bebek beslenmesine yönelik tutumlarını incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma, Türkiye’nin güneydoğusundaki bir hastanenin pediatri polikliniklerine başvuran bebeğini emziren 321 anne ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri, “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu”, “Emzirme Destek Ölçeği” ve “Iowa Bebek Beslenmesi Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizde sayı, yüzdelik dağılımlar, min-max değerler, ortalama, standart sapma, ANOVA, t-testi, post hoc analizleri ve pearson korelasyon analizinden faydalanılmıştır.
Bulgular: “Emzirme Destek Ölçeği” toplam puanı 10.66 ± 2.98, “Iowa Bebek Beslenmesi Tutum Ölçeği” toplam puanı ise 63.45 ± 7.98 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca “Emzirme Destek Ölçeği” ve alt boyutları ile “Iowa Bebek Beslenmesi Tutum Ölçeği” arasında zayıf düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Annelerin emzirmeye yönelik eş desteğinin ve bebek beslenme tutumlarının ortalamanın üstünde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Annelerin olumlu emzirme tutumuna sahip olduğu söylenebilir. Annelerin emzirme eş desteği arttıkça bebek beslenme tutumlarının arttığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Systems Thinking as a Methodological Approach to Study Infrastructure Space in Architectural Design Education
Authors:   TED University, Department of Architecture and Design, Ankara, Turkey, Inan Derin , Ucar Basak ,   TED University, Department of Architecture and Design, Ankara, Turkey, Yuncu Onur ,   TED University, Department of Architecture and Design, Ankara, Turkey
Published: December 2024

In architectural education, urban-scale studies provide an opportunity for architectural students to study the challenges that cities confront and their physical and conceptual frameworks with a multidisciplinary approach. The design process necessitates the critical evaluation of the inputs that define, structure, and govern the cities and the acknowledgement of social, economic, ecological, geographical, and experiential conditions. The critical reading of the city also demands an understanding of its prevailing, speculative, and emergent conditions, which can be apprised through a cohesive structure of relations shaped by directives from various agents. Advocating for a novel methodological practice in architectural education, this approach fosters the engagement of architecture students with the networks, constellations, and associations of contemporary urban conditions.

With this conceptual framework, the paper speculates on the potential of introducing systems thinking as a methodology for architectural education, which encourages the study of interrelations between different parties, in diverse scales, to design contemporary urban conditions. It subjects students’ works in the fourth-year architectural design studio, where systems thinking is acknowledged as a methodology to study the notion of infrastructure space. In these studies, infrastructure space is considered as the site of multiplicities, coexistences, and overlaps beyond its typical association with “physical networks for transportation, communication or utilities” (Easterling, 2014). Studying the infrastructure space through a systems thinking approach is believed to enable the integration of inchoate states and territories of local, trans-local, and global occurrences. To sum up, the paper will discuss the outputs of integrating systems thinking in architectural education, and the reconceptualization of ‘infrastructure space’ as an instrumental approach in dealing with the complex structure of cities.
Teaching Aperture Design in Architecture: A Pedagogical Approach to Illumination, Structure, and Space
Authors:   National College of Arts, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Tanveer Rabbia
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the pedagogical approach focusing on the integration of iterative learning, interdisciplinary collaboration, and hands-on prototyping by a project of aperture design within a studio-based architecture course. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the potential of these approaches in improving students’ comprehension of the interdependence between apertures and essential aspects of architecture like light and space. The researchers employ a qualitative case-study approach with feedback and collaboration within and across disciplines and four phases of conceptual designing and full-scale mock up construction. The primary objective was to assess how these teaching methods enhance students' comprehension and conception of the relationship between apertures and key architectural elements such as light, structure, and spatial experience.

Undergraduate students of 5th semester architecture at National College of Arts Rawalpindi initiated a systematic, four-stage, conceptual design of openings (doors, windows, skylights etc.) which underwent critique sessions and feedback from fellow students majoring in Fine Arts and Visual Communication subjects. The last step was the creation of life size mock-ups facilitating an understanding by students of how to design and actually build their solutions. The difference in this approach was to try and close the conceptual-practical divide where the students could apply theoretical knowledge to the practical works while getting feedback from their peers and instructors.

The results verify significant enhancement of the student learning in a number of areas, including light control and management, material application, and the balance between beauty and utility of a space. Integrating feedback from other disciplines was also central to broadening the students’ design views of a space and aperture design ideas. The repeated application of the design-bid-review-construct cycle encouraged abstract thinking and the assessment of designs depending on performance.

A major contribution of this study is the application of the experiential learning models in architecture and finding that, hands-on design tasks with support from interdisciplinary faculty can meaningfully boost the students’ technical lore and conception knowledge. In view of that, future studies could build on these findings and adopt the use of digital technology and assess the experience and impact of such pedagogy at a senior level during the undergraduate study of architecture and interior design.
Smart Materials in Green Architecture: The Role of ETFE and Phase Change Materials in Sustainable Building Design
Authors:   University of Hartford, Hartford, CT, 06105, USA, Shafa Seyedehzahra
Published: December 2024

Given the importance of energy in achieving environmental sustainability in green buildings, one of the most significant solutions is to reduce physical building consumption and instead use renewable energy to prevent the depletion of natural resources and environmental pollution. Utilizing advanced technologies and intelligent systems in architecture is one of the methods that can achieve energy management in buildings and ensure comfortable conditions for the occupants of green buildings.

In the field of future-oriented architecture, it is expected that in the future, materials and technologies developed over the past century will define the different challenges ahead to elevate sustainable development in the building industry. Using solar energy, one of the latest innovations in buildings, and other measures such as ETFE panels (a green roof idea with an intelligent system) and thermochromic materials, which change color to minimize heat exchange between interior and exterior spaces of the building, show that today's world faces energy crises. The use of smart materials tailored to environmental conditions can significantly impact building design and have beneficial effects in terms of compatibility with the environment, increased lifespan of materials, and the adaptability of materials to changing weather conditions, thus aiding in achieving sustainable architecture.

Therefore, this article aims to introduce intelligent materials and their applications and benefits in green building architecture based on library studies. The primary goal is to identify and highlight the most crucial aspects of using intelligent materials and their performance in buildings and how these materials behave and perform in architectural designs. The best way to leverage the benefits of these smart energy-saving materials and management for achieving sustainable architecture will be discussed.
Traditional Window Designs of Kirklareli, Turkey
Authors:   Istanbul Kultur University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Istanbul, Turkey, Erkan Yazici Yasemin
Published: December 2024

This article reviews the book "Traditional Window Designs of Kirklareli, Turkey", authored by Nevnihal Erdoğan and İzzet Yüksek. The book delves into the standardisation of windows found in traditional houses during the late 19th and early 20th centuries within the Kirklareli region of Turkey. Within the scope of the study, 109 houses were examined, and 20 houses were excluded because they lost their original features due to deterioration and destruction. According to researchers, urgent measures need to be taken to protect the cultural heritage in the region. In this regard, one of the book's aims is to contribute to developing new design models by archiving traditional window details. The study examined 103 traditional window types belonging to 89 houses in detail.
Measures of Information Visualizations in Design Studio Education: Designing Climate Change Visualizations
Authors:   Ph.D. Candidate, Design Technology and Society Doctorate Program, Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey, Beykal Iz Duygu , Karapars G. Zeynep ,   Department of Industrial Design, Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey,
Published: December 2024

The climate crisis and sustainability are priority issues that are increasingly integrated into all fields of study in universities. For the field of communication design, there is a challenge to deliver effective designs on the climate crisis due to the complexity of the issue and the large volume of scientific data involved. To overcome this challenge, information visualizations are designed to help communicate complex data. Information visualizations, being data-driven, necessitate specific design principles in addition to fundamental graphic design skills. This study investigates the communication of the climate crisis through information visualizations, with the aim of determining the prominent measures and relevant design language that can be incorporated into design studio education. We conducted three focus groups with academics teaching communication design studios and professionals who have work experience in information visualization design and experts who are doing projects on sustainability and the climate crisis. The findings highlight the importance of actionability, enlightening, evoking curiosity, evoking emotions, localization, personification and positivity in designing effective climate change visualizations. This study contributes to the fields of information visualization and communication design by offering measures to enhance climate change visualizations and providing insights for teaching these principles in communication and graphic design studios.
ON THE SPECTRAL STABILITY OF CNOIDAL AND SNOIDAL PERIODIC WAVES OF THE NONLINEAR WAVE EQUATION
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, STANEV STANIMIR
Published: December 2024

We study the spectral stability of periodic traveling wave solutions of the cnoidal and snoidal type for the nonlinear wave equation. First we need to obtain the required spectral information about the operator of linearization. Then we investigate the index of stability and evaluate some quantities.
USE OF PORTFOLIO TECHNOLOGY IN THE TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS
Authors:   Dragomanov Ukrainian State University, SHVETS VASYL , LUKIANOVA SVITLANA ,   Dragomanov Ukrainian State University
Published: December 2024

The article examines the problem of finding new ways of forming a competent and proactive young mathematics teacher. New approaches to conducting lectures and practical classes during the master's study of the educational discipline "Theory and methods of teaching mathematics in a specialized school" were considered. New approaches to conducting lectures and practical classes during the master's study of the academic discipline "Theory and methodology of teaching mathematics in a specialized school" have been determined. The comprehensive use of portfolio technology is proposed to increase the level of formation of methodological competence of future mathematics teachers, development of their creative abilities and formation of readiness to use the knowledge and skills acquired during master's studies in their professional activities. Examples of methodical tasks are given.
MACHINE VISION - BASIC PRINCIPLES, TECHNOLOGIES, APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, BORISOV BORISLAV
Published: December 2024

Machine vision is an area of artificial intelligence and computer science that deals with the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of visual information from the environment. This article examines the history, basic principles and technologies, and applications of machine vision in various fields. Key concepts such as image capture, preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification are covered. In addition, the paper discusses the use of deep neural networks in machine vision systems, such as CNNs, RNNs, and GANs, and their optimization. Applications of machine vision in medicine and manufacturing, commerce, and agriculture are reviewed, highlighting how these technologies are revolutionizing processes in these fields.
FROM THE PRODUCT TO THE EXPERIENCES - THE KEY TO CREATING EMOTIONAL CONNECTION AND EMPATHY
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, YANEVA RALITSA
Published: December 2024

With the development of the experience economy, consumers are increasingly looking for not just products or services, but holistic and memorable experiences that create an emotional connection and a sense of belonging. This article examines how businesses can move from an orientation towards a product and its features to experiences that provoke the senses, stimulate emotions and build long-lasting relationships with customers. The main emphasis is on the role of experiential marketing, emotional design and storytelling as tools for creating value beyond the functional. Key strategies and examples are presented on how innovative approaches to experiences can increase loyalty, strengthen engagement and encourage customers to become brand ambassadors. The article combines theoretical concepts and empirical data to derive practical guidelines for businesses that want to build sustainable competitive advantages through strong emotional connections with consumers.
UTILIZING PYTHON FOR FINDING LOCAL EXTREMA OF MULTIVARIABLE FUNCTIONS
Authors:   Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, GEORGIEV VALENTIN , ILCHEV ATANAS ,   Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, ZLATANOV BOYAN ,   Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv
Published: December 2024

The application of the Python programming language for finding local extrema of functions of two variables highlights the advantages of modern information technologies in performing complex and time-consuming algebraic computations. This article emphasizes Python’s capacity to simplify and accelerate processes that would otherwise require significant manual effort through traditional mathematical methods. Two specific examples are discussed, where classical "by hand" calculations would be laborious and prone to error. The article presents a clear procedure and accompanying Python code that automates the determination of local extrema, demonstrating the efficiency and precision achievable through computational approaches. This showcases the practical benefits of integrating Python into advanced mathematical problem-solving.
Judicial Review of Administrative Legislation : Focusing on the Chevron Doctrine and the Major Questions Doctrine of the U.S. Supreme Court
Authors:   National Public Law Review, Park Dongyeol
Published: December 2024

The administrative legislation, which establishes the legal norms generally and abstractly, stems from the administrative interpretation performed by administrative agencies. An administrative action inevitably involves the legal interpretation, and in that respect, the administrative function is similar to the judiciary function.
The Chevron doctrine of the U.S. Supreme Court has been maintained for over 40 years and has served to expand the authority of the executive branch. At the same time, the U.S. Supreme Court reduced the executive branch’s authority of the legal interpretation by applying the major questions doctrine derived from the non-delegation doctrine.
On June 28, 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court, in Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo, abolished the Chevron doctrine which had been in force for 40 years. It is expected that the authority of the executive branch to interpret and execute the laws, whose legitimacy has been relatively secured through the Chevron doctrine, would be greatly reduced.
Although the legal systems in Korea and the U.S. differ, the abolition of the Chevron doctrine by the U.S. Supreme Court and the discussion surrounding the major questions doctrine have many implications for the judicial review of the administrative legislation in Korea, too.
Farmland Transaction Regulation and Farmland Transaction Activation Act
Authors:   National Public Law Review, Kim Nam Wook
Published: December 2024

The Korean Constitution and the Farmland Act allow farmland transactions in exceptional cases where it is inevitable to improve agricultural productivity and rationalize farmland use, while requiring farmland transactions to be owned in accordance with the land-to-the-tillers principle and prohibiting the tenant farming system.
Meanwhile, in rural areas, regulations on farmland transactions are required to be exceptionally relaxed or rationalized due to lack of manpower in agricultural management due to low birth rates and aging population, expansion of agricultural management by agricultural corporations, extinction crisis caused by population movement in rural areas, inheritance of farmland, and smart farm management of farmland due to climate change.
The National Assembly has submitted a bill to promote farmland trade due to difficulties in agricultural management due to aging rural areas, allow weekend experience farms in agricultural promotion areas, and install agricultural equipment sales facilities and farmers' rest facilities.
After examining the legal principles of the Farmland Transaction Regulation under the Farmland Transaction Act, the Agricultural Land Transaction Act of Germany, the Farmland Act of Japan, the Special District Act for Structural Reform, the State Farm Act of the United States, and the Modernization of Agricultural Farms of Spain are compared and analyzed to find a reasonable plan for the regulation of farmland transactions in rural promotion areas. In particular, ⅰ) measures to rationalize regulations from the perspective of sustainable development of the Farmland Transaction Act, ⅱ) measures to improve legislation to revitalize farmland transactions, and ⅲ) legal issues related to guaranteeing farmers' priority and tax support for farmland ownership are reviewed to suggest a reasonable improvement plan.
Gender Neutralization in Naomi Midori Novel’s Patient: The Struggle of Feminism-Masculinism
Authors: Kartikaningtyas Diva Kinanti , Pamungkas Onok Yayang
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to comprehensively understand the phenomenon of the struggle between feminism and masculinism which is influenced by the neutralization of the main character in the novel Patient by Naomi Midori. The objects studied are in the form of words, sentences. The data collection technique is by reading and recording techniques. The data analysis is using the Miles and Huberman’s analysis mode, namely data reduction, data exposure and drawing conclusions and verification. The results of the study show that the concept of radical feminism is influenced by neutralization, namely rationalizing crime for equality. Meanwhile, masculinity influenced by neutralization is concerned with justified helplessness. The form of neutralization of the two genders is implicitly visualized in the cover of the novel Patient. The implication of this study is that it can conduct studies from different literary perspectives, such as psychology and anthropology. Diverse assessments can provide developments in both theoretical and practical aspects.
A Celebração do Sacramento da Unção dos Enfermos como expressão viva do Mistério Pascal de Cristo
Authors: Antônio Aguiar Gilmar , Silva Lima Jucilei
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho pretende apresentar a Celebração da Unção dos Enfermos que encontra seu sentido e fundamento no Mistério Pascal de Cristo. A celebração desse sacramento atinge profundamente a realidade do sofrimento humano sinal de vida e esperança em Jesus Cristo. A partir de Jesus, a realidade divina e espiritual se une à humanidade em sua fragilidade de tal modo que resulta em uma força transformadora em todas as situações vitais da pessoa humana. É assim porque seu fundamento é o próprio Cristo, misericórdia do Pai; tem a Igreja como perpetuadora deste mistério na História da Salvação por meio dos seus rituais celebrativos, dimensão prática da missão e ação pastoral na comunidade paroquial. Portanto conclui-se que a Unção dos Enfermos é o Sacramento que expressa bem uma transformação, onde: o enfermo experimenta a ação divina seja pela cura, pelo alívio de suas dores e sofrimentos ou na hora da Páscoa definitiva, seja pelo exercício da pastoral junto aos doentes nas comunidades paroquiais que promove indispensável ministério na vida de todos quantos precisam.
Digital Warfare: The Evolution of U.S. and Russian Cybersecurity Strategies
Authors: Hassan Zohaib , Haroon Hamza , Khalid Ammara , Ghayoor Sadaf
Published: December 2024

This article will explore the evolution of U.S and Russian cyber security strategies As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the importance of cybersecurity has surged, particularly in the context of geopolitical rivalries. This article explores the evolution of cybersecurity strategies employed by the United States and Russia, highlighting how historical tensions have shaped their approaches to digital warfare. From the early days of the internet to the sophisticated cyber operations of 2024, the U.S. and Russia have engaged in a complex interplay of offense and defense, employing advanced technologies and strategies to protect national interests. The article examines key incidents that have defined their cybersecurity landscapes, including state-sponsored cyberattacks, espionage efforts, and the manipulation of public opinion through disinformation campaigns. By analyzing the motivations, tactics, and responses of both nations, this research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of digital warfare and its implications for global security. Ultimately, the findings underscore the necessity for robust international cooperation and the establishment of norms to mitigate risks associated with cyber conflicts, as both nations continue to navigate this evolving battlefield.