bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Sistem Peminjaman dan Pengembalian Buku di Perpustakaan SMAN 2 Woha Berbasis Microsoft Access 2007
Authors: Nur Fitrianingsih  , Evi Afriani
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh permasalahan lambat dan tidak terkontrolnya pelayanan yang ada di perpustakaan SMAN 2 Woha. Hal ini dikarenakan sistem yang dipakai belum terkomputerisasi atau masih menggunakan sistem manual. Oleh karena itu, peneliti membuat suatu aplikasi sistem peminjaman dan pengembalian buku yang sudah terkomputerisasi. Dengan menggunakan aplikasi sistem ini, pelayanan perpustakaan SMAN 2 Woha akan lebih efektif. Penelitian skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dan membuat aplikasi sistem peminjaman dan pengembalian buku di perpustakaan SMAN 2 Woha berbasis Microsoft Access 2007 yang dapat melakukan pelayanan yang dibutuhkan pada perpustakaan SMAN 2 Woha. Alat pembuatan aplikasi yang digunakan peneliti, yaitu Microsoft Access sebagai interface dan basis datanya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Waterfall. Dalam kesempatan ini, peneliti hanya membahas mengenai sistem pelayanan peminjaman dan pengembalian buku diperpustakaan SMAN 2 Woha dan hanya diterapkan pada perpustakaan SMAN 2 Woha.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VII MTs Darul Hikmah Tente
Authors: Suciyati
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar matematika dengan diterapkannya model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together pada siswa kelas VII.A semester I di MTs Darul Hikmah Tente. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MTs Darul Hikmah Tente kelas VII.A yang berjumlah 33 siswa, terdiri dari 18 laki-laki dan 15 perempuan. Tiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi dan tes evaluasi berbentuk essay tiap akhir siklus. Ketuntasan belajar ≥85% merupakan indikator yang digunakan untuk mengetahui peningkatan terjadi. Hasil penelitian yang didapat adalah Siklus I; nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 69,2 dengan persentase ketuntasan belajar sebesar 72,7%. Sedangkan pada Siklus II; nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa menjadi 74 dengan persentase ketuntasan belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan sebesar 18,2% menjadi 90,9%. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan sudah tercapainya penelitian yang ditetapkan, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VII.A MTs Darul Hikmah Tente.
Studi Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek (Project Based Learning) Terhadap Kreativitas Mahasiswa Program Studi PGSD Pada Mata Kuliah Konsep Dasar IPA
Authors: Hairunisa  , Arif Rahman Hakim  , Nurjumiati
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kreativitas mahasiswa Program Studi Sekolah Dasar (PGSD) melalui penerapan model pembelajaran project based learning pada matakuliah Konsep Dasar IPA. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan desain One-Shot Case Study dengan subjek penelitian 48 mahasiswa program studi pendidikan guru sekolah dasar STKIP Taman Siswa Bima yang sedang mengampu matakuliah Konsep Dasar IPA. Data penelitian diperoleh dari analisis lembar observasi produk dengan skala berpikir kreatif (Creatif Thinking Scale/CTS). Analisis data penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik persentase dan diolah secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kreativitas mahasiswa dalam menghasilkan produk berupa alat peraga IPA sangat tinggi yaitu dengan nilai rata-rata 84. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek (project based learning) dapat meningkatkan kreativitas mahasiswa Program Studi PGSD pada matakuliah Konsep Dasar IPA.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Konstruktivisme Terhadap Karakter Kepercayaan Diri Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Matematika di SMPN 15 Kota Bekasi
Authors: Ade Mutiarawati
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan konstruktivisme terhadap karakter kepercayaan diri dalam pembelajaran matematika SMPN 15 Kota Bekasi yang erat kaitannya dengan peningkatan pembelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode quasi eksperimen. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa SMPN 15 Kota Bekasi. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling, dengan jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu 31 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket tertutup sebanyak 21 butir pernyataan. Sebelum digunakan angket ini diujicobakan terlebih dahulu untuk mengukur validitas dan reliabilitas. Berdasarkan perhitungan diperoleh koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,945 dengan klasifikasi sangat tinggi. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata karakter kepercayaan diri awal siswa, karakter kepercayaan diri akhir siswa dan selisih pada kelas eksperimen masing-masing sebesar 6,67, 8,56 dan 1,89. Setelah dilakukan pengujian hipotesis terhadap selisih kepercayaan diri siswa akhir dengan kepercayaan diri siswa awal diperoleh thitung yaitu 17,782 dengan nilai ttabel untuk α = 0,05 dan df=31 adalah 1,645. Kriteria nilai thitung > ttabel maka dapat disimpulkan karakter kepercayaan diri akhir siswa kelas eksperimen setelah menggunakan pendekatan konstruktivisme dalam pembelajaran matematika lebih tinggi daripada karakter kepercayaan diri awal siswa. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan konstruktivisme berpengaruh signifikan terhadap karakter kepercayaan diri siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika di SMPN 15 Kota Bekas.
Equine hindlimb hoof biomechanics: an evaluation of the effect of routine hoof trimming on force and pressure distribution at midstance
Authors: Faramarzi B. , Polniaszek M. , Dong F.
Published: February 2020

Proper hoof function is vital for equine health and performance. Many musculoskeletal injuries in horses originate from the foot. Most studies performed to date have focused on the forehoof while the hindhoof (HH) has received less attention. Our goal was to examine the influence of routine hoof trimming on HH medio-lateral hoof balance. The objective of this study was to examine force (F), contact pressure (CP), and contact area (CA) at the medial and lateral aspects of the HH to evaluate the impact of routine hoof trimming on HH biomechanics. Clinically sound Arabian horses (n=9) were walked across a calibrated pressure plate before and after routine hoof trimming and the F, CP, and CA at the medial and lateral aspects of the HH were recorded at midstance pre- and post-trimming. The differences between these regions were investigated using a paired T-test.P-values <0.05 were considered significant. Among measured variables, force increased by 25% (P=0.007) and contact pressure increased by 13% (P=0.032) at the medial aspect of the HH after routine hoof trimming. Analysing data from hindlimb hoof-surface interaction in sound horses will allow for a better understanding of imbalances that may lead to pathologies and hindlimb lameness in horses.
The use of smartphone apps in clinical practice: A survey of South African physiotherapists
Authors: Rowe Michael , Sauls Berenice
Published: February 2020

Background: There is anecdotal evidence that physiotherapy clinicians increasingly are using medical apps and health-related apps as part of their clinical practice, and in some cases, even ‘prescribing apps’ to patients. However, there is limited information on how South African physiotherapists use, and what they think about, the integration of mobile apps in their practice.Objectives: This study aimed to describe the use of smartphone apps as part of clinical practice in a small group of South African physiotherapists.Method: This study made use of a cross-sectional, descriptive design and a self-administered questionnaire to survey practitioners. The population included all 1300 physiotherapists who were registered with the Orthopaedic Manipulative Physiotherapists Group (OMPTG) of the special interest group of the South African Society of Physiotherapists (SASP), with a sample of 270 out of 1300 who responded (response rate = 21%). Descriptive data are presented using graphs, figures and percentages, and responses to open-ended questions are included in support of the themes.Results: The majority of the participants used apps as part of their practice (60%) but did not prescribe apps to patients. Most apps are used for administrative and communication purposes. Even clinicians who used apps themselves expressed concerns about prescribing them to patients, and there were clear misconceptions about the use of apps.Conclusion: Many clinicians in this study reported that there were real benefits to the use of smartphone apps as part of their practice. However, they raised concerns about the more general prescription of apps for clients.Clinical implications: Further research, education and collaboration amongst all stakeholders is necessary to produce guidelines for the use of apps in clinical practice.
تصميم وتنفيذ شفرة تتبع لمنتجات التمور طبقا لنظام الترميز UCC / EAN-128
Authors: Hend AlShede Hend AlShede
Published: February 2020

Recently, the food safety issue of agricultural products has attracted focus all over the
world. Due to a long supply chain compared with the animal or other kinds of products and the
complex processes with huge links. The Food safety traceability system (FTS) is an effective way
to verify of food safety and healthy. This research was designed and implemented traceability
barcode for an agricultural product (Dates) followed the common encoding scheme (UCC/EAN128) with enhancing by added human readable information about the most significant data for the
end consumer such as expire and production date. The proposed system takes DTS barcode as an
information carrier which identifies dates products closely related to farming, processing,
packing, transportation and distributing. DTS adopts on Web Service Technology for tracing and
extracting all information related to the date product using barcode. Customers can scan or typing
the barcode in the system website. The Web Service interface provided by DTS will return all
traceability information to the end consumer. Using the proposed code has proved by practice that
it can extract all information in high accurate level as well as acceptance from the end consumer
because important information is written in a language he/she understands.
Valoración Patrimonial Urbano Arquitectónico del Municipio de San Juan del Sur
Authors: Dangla Daniela , Cardoza Uriel Ramón
Published: February 2020

El trabajo Valoración Patrimonial Urbano Arquitectónico del Municipio de San Juan del Sur, tiene como finalidad identificar los Valores Patrimoniales de la arquitectura típica de madera de la ciudad de San Juan del Sur, que servirá como referencia para futuros trabajos de Conservación del Patrimonio de las construcciones de San Juan del Sur, como apoyo al trabajo general realizado por el Instituto Nicaragüense de Cultura (INC) y cualquier trabajo investigativo de la historia de este Municipio. El tema plantea las formas en como el legado que posee la ciudad se ha ido perdiendo y como es importante identificar los inmuebles que aún están presentes para evitar que se siga extinguiendo nuestro Patrimonio local y nacional, mediante una identificación que permita la valoración de las más importantes edificaciones. El trabajo investigativo documental está basado en el análisis de la información obtenida de conceptos, teorías, normativas, leyes, criterios valorativos y de la información recolectada en la ciudad mediantes entrevistas. En la valoración se tomaron en cuenta todas aquellas construcciones que obtuvieron el puntaje mayor en la matriz de aspectos valorativos basados en los criterios de la Doctora Eliana Cárdenas y los que tuvieron disponibilidad al acceso a la información que se requirió. El desarrollo y culminación de este trabajo se logró mediante el diseño metodológico cualitativo descriptivo y en general documental aplicando las técnicas de observación, recopilación de datos, deducción, levantamientos, fotografía, análisis, sintetizando cada aspecto recolectado y creando nueva información de la que carecía el Municipio.
Clinical Results of Arthroscopic Transtendon Suture Technique of Partial Articular Surface Tendon Avulsion Lesion
Authors: Kim Jong Yun , Chun Churl Hong , Kim Jeong Woo , Kang Hong Je , Song Seung Yeop , Choi Yoon Hong
Published: February 2020

PURPOSE: To analyze clinical results of arthroscopic trans-tendon repair in a partial articular-side rotator cuff tear.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 31 patients presenting with partial intra-articular rotator cuff tears between April 2006 and January 2010, we selected 24 who had received arthroscopic trans-tendon repair. The average age of patients was 55 (27~75) and the average follow-up period was 37 months (19~64). There were 10 men and 14 women and all had at least a 6 mm tear categorized as Ellman grade 3. Change in range of motion, VAS, ASES, Constant score, and ultrasonographic findings were evaluated postoperatively.RESULTS: The average forward elevation range prior to surgery was 150.2 (+/-6.67) and it improved to 170 (+/-5.32) by the last follow-up (p<0.001). The average VAS score prior to surgery was 7.38 (+/-1.38) and it decreased to 3 (+/-1.38) (p<0.001). The Constant score before surgery was 49.25 (+/-5.65) and it increased to 73.81 (+/-5.64) by the last follow-up (p<0.001). The ASES score before surgery was 39.59 (+/-12.27) and it increased to 80.56 (+/-11.36) (p<0.001). At the last follow-up, 21 of the 24 patients were satisfied with the result. However, 3 patients were unhappy and had mild pain. On ultrasonography, 22 patients (91.66%) showed improvement without re-rupture, while the other 2 patients (8.34%) showed an with improved symptoms.CONCLUSION: In a partial rotator cuff tear in an articular-side lesion, the arthroscopic transtendon suture method shows excellent clinical and ultrasonographic results for at least eighteen months.
Critical Analysis and the Impact of Big Data within the Organisation
Authors: Sekgweleo Tefo , Makovhololo Phathutshedzo , Makovhololo Modikwa Luwi
Published: February 2020

Currently in the advancement of big data, the challenges for many organisations are not technologically related. The biggest barrier relates to cultural challenges which include organizational alignment, resistance or lack of understanding as well as change management. As a result, many organizations are purely not ready to take advantage of this new strategic resource called big data. Therefore, big data acceptance compels addressing the above mentioned challenges that falls within the domains of technology, people as well as organization. Thus, this study employed diffusion of innovation theory to assess the cultural challenges in an organization. The interpretivist approach was applied in the analysis of the data.
Caracterizando Departamentos e Programas de Computação Utilizando Análise de Redes Sociais e Bibliometria
Authors: Digiampietri Luciano A. , Linden Ricardo , Barbosa Lenin
Published: February 2020

Neste artigo apresentamos uma comparação entre os programas de pós-graduação em computação de nível 6 e 7 (os chamados de nível internacional pela CAPES) e os programas melhor colocados em três rankings internacionais. Foram usados métricas bibliométricas e métricas de análise de redes sociais e pôde-se verificar uma grande diferença de resultados entre os programas nacionais e os internacionais. O resultado da análise de componentes principais mostra que os programas brasileiros residem em uma classe própria, não possuindo as características dos melhores programas internacionais.
E-SECO ProVersion: Manutenção e Evolução de Experimentos Científicos
Authors: Sirqueira Tassio F. M. , Dalpra Humberto L. O. , Braga Regina , Araújo Marco A. P. , David José Maria N. , Campos Fernanda
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho discute algumas características de um ecossistema de software científico e do ciclo de vida de um experimento, com ênfase em manutenção e evolução dos experimentos, usando dados de proveniência. Uma extensão do modelo PROV é apresentada conjuntamente com uma ontologia, PROV-OEXT. O artigo também apresenta repositórios de workflows existentes e discute o suporte provido por esses no que tange a manutenção e evolução.
Specific Substring Problem: an application in bioinformatics
Authors: Rocha Lucas B. , Adi Said Sadique , Araujo Eloi
Published: February 2020

Given two sets of sequences A and B, the Substring Specific problem is to find all minimum substrings in A having distance at least k for each subsequence in B. This work addresses three new implementations for the Maaß algorithm when the Hamming distance is considered: a naive cubic-time algorithm and two quadratic-time algorithms. We run tests to compare the running time of these implementations and another recently described algorithm implementation that uses the edit distance. In addition, we conducted preliminary testing on a large Tara Ocean database, looking for efficient and effective strategies for finding unique sequences in a set of sequences comparing with the other.
O Uso do @prenda como Recurso Educativo Digital
Authors: Cordenonzi W. , Normey S. , Cardoso V. , Garay R. , Ortiz A. M. C.
Published: February 2020

Objetos de aprendizagem (OA), são recursos digitais utilizados para aprender. A realidade do nosso Câmpus são cursos binacionais com alunos brasileiros e uruguaios compartilhando o mesmo espaço educacional. O @aprenda é um OA no formato de jogo multi-idioma e interdisciplinar que estimula o aprendizado e a competição, simbolizada por IFCoins. Os resultados observados foram a interação e a competitividade por parte dos alunos buscando figurar na lista dos melhores jogadores.
Minimização da Intervenção Humana para Detectar e Solucionar Anomalias Rede de Computadores
Authors: Amaral Alexandre , Malheiro Ana Paula
Published: February 2020

Neste trabalho é proposto um sistema para detectar e aplicar ações corretivas na ocorrência de eventos anômalos na rede. Os objetivos da gerência são definidos através de métricas e a propriedade de autorreparo da computação autonômica é utilizada para que o sistema execute ações corretivas sem a intervenção humana. NEMES (Network Metric Specification), uma linguagem de domínio específico foi desenvolvida para a escrita das métricas. O sistema utiliza fluxos IP que reduz o volume de dados a serem processados, permitindo sua utilização em redes de grande escala. Testes realizados em um ambiente real demonstraram a eficácia e o potencial do sistema proposto para auxiliar no gerenciamento de rede.
Algoritmos Branch-and-Price para o Problema de Empacotamento em Recipientes com Restrições de Classe
Authors: Glebbyo Yulle , Miyazawa Flávio K. , Schouery Rafael C. S. , Xavier Eduardo C.
Published: February 2020

No problema de Empacotamento em Recipientes Com Restrições de Classe, um conjunto de itens de variados tamanhos e classes deve ser empacotado em recipientes, cada um com capacidade B e limite C na quantidade de classes diferentes acomodadas, minimizando o número de recipientes usados. Apresentamos algoritmos de Branch-and-Price para este problema, assim como algoritmos para o Problema da Mochila Com Restrições de Classe, que aparece como subproblema de pricing. Nos experimentos executados, o melhor algoritmo proposto resolveu 93% das instâncias em menos de 30 segundos.
Abordagem Deep Learning para Classificação de Lesões Mamárias
Authors: Pereira Roberto , Matos Caio , Diniz João , Braz Junior Geraldo , de Almeida João , Silva Aristófanes , de Paiva Anselmo
Published: February 2020

O câncer de mama é uma das principais causas de morte de mulheres ocidentais. Várias técnicas têm sido desenvolvidas para auxiliar radiologistas na tarefa de detecção e diagnóstico de lesões mamárias. Recentemente, a técnica de deep learning tem apresentado resultados eficientes na classificação de imagens. Este artigo propõe uma metodologia para classificar tecidos de mamografias em massa e não-massa com o uso de redes neurais convolucionais profundas.
Análise das Interações Sociais entre os Participantes de um Curso EaD: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Sousa Neto Francisco S. , Netto José Francisco M. , de Lima Dhanielly P. R.
Published: February 2020

Atualmente, o avanço da tecnologia da informação e a crescente facilidade de sua utilização têm propiciado diversos avanços nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento como, por exemplo, na Educação a Distância (EaD). Desta forma, este artigo apresenta uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) com o propósito de identificar e analisar os métodos existentes que promovem a educação, tendo como finalidade o acompanhamento das interações dos estudantes nos Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVA). Os resultados da RSL mostram que as pesquisas realizadas neste âmbito utilizam ou definem métodos para EaD que ainda estão sendo explorados e podem nortear e apoiar pesquisas futuras.
A Preemptive Fair Scheduler Policy for Disco MapReduce Framework
Authors: Souza Augusto , Garcia Islene
Published: February 2020

Disco is an open source MapReduce framework and an alternative to Hadoop. Preemption of tasks is an important feature which helps organizations relying on the MapReduce paradigm to handle their heterogeneous workload usually constituted of research (long duration and with low priority) and production (short duration and with high priority) applications. The missing preemption in Disco affects the production jobs when these two kinds of jobs need to be executed in parallel: the high priority response is delayed because there aren’t resources to compute it. In this paper we describe the implementation of the Preemptive Fair Scheduler Policy which improved largely our experimental production job execution time with a small impact on the research job.
Methodology used by field hockey coaches in Spain
Authors: Ibáñez de la Rosa JC. , Giménez Fuentes-Guerra FJ. , Abad-Robles MT. , Robles-Rodríguez J.
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación ha consistido en conocer la metodología empleada por los entrenadores de iniciación de hockey hierba-sala en todo el territorio nacional a través de un cuestionario. Participaron un total de 172 entrenadores de toda España (57 mujeres, 33.10% y 115 hombres, 66.90%), repartidos en 9 Comunidades Autónomas. Los resultados más relevantes mostraron que los entrenadores de hockey utilizan tanto métodos de enseñanza directivos, como de descubrimiento. Se priorizan los medios técnico-tácticos frente a los aspectos físicos, y el juego está presente en todas las sesiones. Las entrenadoras consideran, en mayor medida que los entrenadores, que la competición en estas edades está adaptada a las características psicoevolutivas de los jugadores y jugadoras (p=0.039). Por el contrario, ellos están más de acuerdo con el hecho de mantener relaciones cordiales con los padres de sus jugadores (p=0.025).

The objective of this research has been to know the methodology used by grass-room hockey coaches throughout the national territory. A total of 172 coaches from all over Spain, (57 women, 33.10%  and 115 men, 66.90%), divided into 9 Autonomous Communities through a questionnaire were studied. The most relevant results showed that hockey coaches use both managerial and discovery teaching methods. Also, technical-tactical means are prioritized with respect to physical aspects, and the game is present in all sessions. The coaches consider, to a greater extent than the coaches, that the competition in these ages is adapted to the psychoevolutive characteristics of the players (p = 0.039). On the contrary, they are more in agreement with the fact of maintaining cordial relations with the parents of their players (p = 0.025).
Demir Bazlı Nano-Sıvının Tek-Faz ve Havuz Kaynama Isı Transferi Şartlarında Ekserji Analizi
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Mehmed Rafet
Published: February 2020

Son yıllarda termal-sıvı uygulamaları artan ısı akısını karşılamak için en sık kullanılan yöntemlerden biri olmaya başlamıştır. Bu uygulamalardan en popüler olanlarından biri sıvıya nano-parçacık karıştırarak ısı transfer hızını arttırmaya çalışmaktır. Teoride kabul gören bu yöntem için farklı araştırma gruplarından farklı sonuçlar gelmekle birlikte kesin bir yargıya henüz tam olarak ulaşıldığı söylenemez. Sıvıya nano-parçacık eklemenin en zorlu yanı, birçok çalışmada belirtildiği gibi nano-parçacıkların yüzey üzerinde kümelenmeye ve çökelmeye meyilli olması ve bu durumun olması halinde ısı transferine negatif etki yapmasıdır. Bu özelliklerinden ötürü nano-parçacıkların sistem üzerinde kararsız davranış oluşturduğu da bazı çalışmalarda rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ana sıvı olarak suya Fe3O4 nano-parçacıkları eklenen sistemin ekserji analizi yapılmıştır. Burada en önemli nokta, sistemin manyetik kuvvete maruz bırakılması olup bu sayede çökelme ve kümelenmeye fırsat verilmeyecek olmasıdır. Bu çalışmada literatürden farklı olarak sistemin tek-fazlı ve havuz kaynama ısı transferi şartlarındaki verimi ekserjetik verim (harcanabilir enerji verimi) üzerinden değerlendirilecektir. Sonuçlar saf su, su-Fe3O4 nano-sıvısı ve manyetik kuvvet altındaki su-Fe3O4 nano-sıvısı şeklinde sunulup ekserji yıkım oranları karşılaştırılmıştır.
Influence of Microdose of Mineral Fertilizer and Organic Manure on the Production of Groundnuts in Southern Benin
Authors: Sabaï K. , Sossa E. L. , Anago N. F. , Tovihoudji P. G. , Chabi T. O. Y. , Kiki F. G. H. , De-Souza J. F. , Agbangba C. E. , Sinsin B. A.
Published: February 2020

The use of mineral fertilizers improves crop production and soil productivity. However, its access remains limited to smallholder farmers. This study aim to assess the influence of microdose of mineral fertilizer and organic manure on the production of groundnuts. Field experience was carried out using Fischer design with five treatments and five replications: T control (Without organic matter and fertilizer); T0 recommended dose of mineral fertilizer (103.77 kg/ha or 0.93 g/poquet 15 days after sowing); T1 recommended dose of mineral fertilizer and organic matter (0.5 kg/m²); T2 microdose  of mineral fertilizer (0.57 g NPKSB [14-23-14-5-1] 15 days after sowing); T3 microdose of mineral fertilizer and organic matter (0.5 kg/m²). Linear mixed-effect models were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the microdose of mineral fertilizer and / or organic manure had a significant effect on yield parameters such as aboveground biomass (fresh or dry), the number of nodules and the weight of the groundnuts pods (Prob < 0.05). The treatment T2 (microdose of mineral fertilizer) increased grain yields (8.1±1.5 g/plant) compared to other treatments. Thus, the microdose of mineral fertilizer is economically more profitable than the recommended dose.
Obesity and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
Authors: Celletti Francesca , Branca Francesco , Farrar Jeremy
Published: December 2024

This Viewpoint discusses factors associated with the prevalence of obesity worldwide and whether the novel glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1) can help unlock a health systems response to the obesity pandemic.
High Rate Performance of Single‐Crystalline NCM Upcycled from Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries Via Direct Recovery and Modification
Authors: Wang Kaipei , Zhang Hao , Dou Wentao , Wang Kunfang , Wang Tongyu , Su Xin
Published: December 2024

The global expansion of spent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) presents both an urgent environmental issue and a significant economic opportunity, driving the development of diverse recycling processes worldwide. Direct regeneration is a promising method for recovering materials from spent LIBs. However, most existing direct regeneration methods focus solely on recovering cathodes without addressing further improvements in their performance. Herein, a direct regeneration method is reported to upcycle single‐crystalline lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides (NCM) from spent polycrystalline NCM based on a facile phosphoric acid etching approach. Moreover, the Li3PO4 coating and PO43− polyanion doping are simultaneously achieved on the surface of single‐crystal NCM during the upcycling single‐crystalline process. The enlarged lattice spacing and fast ionic conductor coating layer enhance Li+ diffusion and mitigate phase transformations during delithiation/lithiation. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of single crystal structure and surface modification, the upcycled single‐crystalline LiNi0.65Co0.2Mn0.15O2 demonstrates excellent electrochemical performances, including large reversible capacity (≈186 mAh g−1 at 0.1C), high‐rate capability (≈142 mAh g−1 at 10C), and excellent cycling stability (≈99% retention for 100 cycles). This approach provides a novel and effective upcycling pathway to transform the spent LIBs into value‐added cathode materials, achieving a win–win situation for environmental protection and resource conservation.
LOX‐1‐Based Assembly Layer on Devices Surface to Promote Endothelial Repair and Reduce Complications for In Situ Interventional Plaque
Authors: Liu Sainan , Huang Jinquan , Luo Jiayan , Gao Xiaowa , Song Siqi , Bian Qihao , Weng Yajun , Chen Junying
Published: December 2024

Rapid endothelialization and functional recovery are considered as promising methods to extend the long‐term effectiveness of cardiovascular implant materials. LOX‐1 participates in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis and is highly expressed in a variety of cells involved in atherosclerosis, hence it is feasible to accelerate the recovery of endothelial function and inhibit the development of existing plaques by regulating LOX‐1. Herein, the surface is modified with Poly I, a LOX‐1 inhibitor, using rich amino dendritic macromolecules (PAMAM) as the linker coating, to against the pathological microenvironment. Poly I modified surface resisted endothelial damage caused by oxidative stress through the LOX‐1‐NADPH signaling pathway and inhibited endothelial inflammation via the LOX‐1‐NF‐κB signaling pathway. It also promoted endothelial cell migration and inhibited platelet adhesion. Moreover, the Poly I modified surface can inhibit oxLDL‐induced macrophage foam cell formation and alleviate inflammation by modulating macrophage phenotypes. Poly I modified surface significantly reduced plaque burden after treatment of atherosclerotic model rats, most importantly, it significantly inhibited post‐implantation‐induced restenosis and thrombosis. In vivo and in vitro evaluations confirmed its safety and therapeutic efficacy against atherosclerosis. Overall, the multifunctional Poly I with pathological microenvironment regulation exhibits potential application value in the surface engineering of cardiovascular devices.
Synergistic Enhancement of Antibacterial and Osteo‐Immunomodulatory Activities of Titanium Implants via Dual‐Responsive Multifunctional Surfaces
Authors: Wang Qing , Gao Ya , Chen Yanzheng , Wang Xuan , Pei Qingguo , Zhang Taiyu , Wang Changping , Pan Jinsong
Published: December 2024

Bone implant‐associated infections and inflammations, primarily caused by bacteria colonization, frequently result in unsuccessful procedures and pose significant health risks to patients. To mitigate these challenges, the development of engineered implants with spatiotemporal regulation capabilities, designed to inhibit bacterial survival and modulate immune responses in the early stage, while promoting bone defect healing in the late stage is proposed. The implants are functionalized with ε‐poly‐l‐lysine‐phenylboronic acid (PP) via dynamic boronic ester bonds, which facilitate its release through a reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pH‐responsive strategy, thereby establishing an antibacterial microenvironment on and around the implants. Additionally, the dynamic metal coordination interaction facilitates the loading and sustained release of Sr2+ under an acidic environment, providing immunomodulatory and osteogenic effects. The ROS/pH‐responsive feature, coupled with the implant‐bone tissue integration process, affords precise spatiotemporal regulation of the Ti‐TA‐Sr‐PP implants. This strategy represents a promising approach for the preparation of advanced bone implants.
Controllable Self‐Assembly of V═O Metalloradical Complex with Intramolecular Charge Transfer for Enhanced NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging‐Guided Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Bao Jianshuai , Li Zengyin , Wang Deliang , Wang Jiefei , Huang Guan , Qian Jianlei , Yang Xiaoyan , Duan Peng‐Cheng , Zhang Sheng , Bai Feng , Zhong Yong
Published: December 2024

Near‐infrared second region (NIR‐II) fluorescence imaging provides enhanced tissue penetration, achieving efficient NIR‐II fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging (PA)‐guided photothermal therapy (PTT) all in one material remains a challenging yet promising approach in cancer treatment. Herein, open‐shell V═O metalloradical complex (VONc) is self‐assembled into VONc nanospheres (VONc NPs). VONc NPs exhibit light absorption from 300 to 1400 nm, fluorescence spectra ranging from 900 to 1400 nm, and a distinct fluorescence signal even at 1550 nm. Moreover, VONc NPs exhibit outstanding photostability and a higher photothermal conversion efficiency of 46.6% than that of closed‐shell zinc naphthalocyanine nanorods (ZnNc NRs). V═O centered metalloradical serves as transient electron‐withdrawing groups to facilitate charge transfer (CT), introducing additional nonradiative energy dissipation pathways and enhancing efficient heat generation. In vitro experiments of VONc NPs indicate that a highly effective photothermal action causes harm to both mitochondria and lysosomes, resulting in the death of tumor cells, closed‐shell ZnNc NPs exhibit almost no cell killing as contrast. In vivo anti‐tumor therapy results of VONc NPs demonstrate excellent NIR‐II fluorescence imaging‐guided PTT against tumors with a favorable biosafety profile. “Centered metalloradical boosting CT” toward open‐shell metal complexes provides significant insight for developing single‐material integrated nanosystems for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Advanced Design for Stimuli‐Reversible Chromic Wearables With Customizable Functionalities
Authors: Chen Tiandi , Yang Qingjun , Fang Cuiqin , Deng Shenzhen , Xu Bingang
Published: December 2024

Smart wearable devices with dynamically reversible color displays are crucial for the next generation of smart textiles, and promising for bio‐robots, adaptive camouflage, and visual health monitoring. The rapid advancement of technology brings out different categories that feature fundamentally different color‐reversing mechanisms, including thermochromic, mechanochromic, electrochromic, and photochromic smart wearables. Although some reviews have showcased relevant developments from unique perspectives, reviews focusing on the advanced design of flexible chromic wearable devices within each category have not been reported. In this review, the development history and recent progress in smart chromic wearables across each category are systematically examined. The design strategies for each chromic wearable device are outlined with a focus on functional materials, synthesis processes, and advanced applications. Furthermore, integrated devices based on dual‐stimuli and multi‐stimuli responsive chromics with customizable functionalities are summarized. Finally, challenges and perspectives on the future development of smart chromic wearables are proposed. Such a systematic summary will serve as a valuable insight for researchers in this field.
Tunable Electron Correlation in Epitaxial 1T‐TaS2 Spirals
Authors: Chen Chung‐Jen , Chen Chun‐An , Cheng Yu‐Hsiang , Chung Chia‐Tzu , Lin Yu‐Ting , Chiang Yi‐Cheng , Lee Ting‐Kuo , Lee Yi‐Hsien
Published: December 2024

Tantalum disulfide (1T‐TaS2), being a Mott insulator with strong electron correlation, is highlighted for diverse collective quantum states in the 2D lattice, including charge density wave (CDW), spin liquid, and unconventional superconductivity. The Mott physics embedded in the 2D triangular CDW lattice has raised debates on stacking‐dependent properties because interlayer interactions are sensitive to van der Waals (vdW) spacing. However, control of interlayer distance remains a challenge. Here, spiral lattices in the epitaxial TaS2 spirals are studied to probe collective properties with tunable interlayer interactions. A scalable synthesis of epitaxial TaS2 spirals is presented. A more than 50%‐increased interlayer spacing enables prototype decoupled monolayers for enhanced electronic correlation exhibiting Mott physics at room‐temperature and a simplified system to explore collective properties in vdW materials.
Dynamic Liquid Metal–Microfiber Interlocking Enables Highly Conductive and Strain‐insensitive Metastructured Fibers for Wearable Electronics
Authors: Yu Rouhui , Wu Liang , Yang Zhonghua , Wu Jin , Chen Huifang , Pan Shaowu , Zhu Meifang
Published: December 2024

Stretchable fibers with high conductivity are vital components for smart textiles and wearable electronics. However, embedding solid conductive materials in polymers significantly reduces conductive pathways when stretched, causing a sharp drop in conductivity. Here, a stretchable metastructured fiber with dynamic liquid metal–microfiber interlocking interface is reported to realize highly conductive yet ultrastable conductance. The Cu‐EGaIn mixture is partially embedded within the porous microfiber mat, thereby enabling its roll‐up into a spiral‐layered metastructured fiber with self‐compensating conductive pathways. The metastructured fiber shows outstanding performance, including high conductivity of 1.5 × 106 S m−1, large stretchability up to 629%, and ultrastable conductance with only 16% relative resistance change at 100% strain, which far surpasses the theoretical value. Moreover, these fibers have served as versatile platforms for wearable temperature‐visualizing electrothermal fiber heaters and fully stretchable smart sensing‐display fabrics. This dynamic solid–liquid interfacial interlocking strategy is promising for stretchable electronics.
In Situ Metal Vacancy Filling in Stable Pd‐Sn Intermetallic Catalyst for Enhanced CC Bond Cleavage in Ethanol Oxidation
Authors: Chandran Ashly P. , Mondal Soumi , Goud Devender , Bagchi Debabrata , Singh Ashutosh Kumar , Riyaz Mohd , Dutta Nilutpal , Peter Sebastian C.
Published: December 2024

A common challenge in electrochemical processes is developing high performance, stable catalysts for specific chemical reactions. In this work, a Pd‐Sn intermetallic compound with   Pd site deficiency (Pd1.9−xSn) (x = 0.06) and trace amount of SnOx was synthesised by controlled process. Under the electrochemical conditions, the deficient Pd site is filled by metallic Sn, which generates a highly active and stable (Pd1.84Sn0.06)Sn catalyst for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). The crystal structure and atomic arrangements for synthesized and in situ generated compound are comprehensively characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The in situ generated catalyst exhibits excellent performance toward EOR (anodic reaction in fuel cell), which outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art Pd/C catalyst by three times in terms of activity. Furthermore, it is observed that the catalyst preferentially cleaves the CC bond in ethanol, which is a crucial process that enhances the efficiency of the fuel cells. The catalyst retains its superlative activity even after 1500 cycles of continuous operation. The mechanism for EOR and CC bond cleavage is evidenced by operando Infra Red spectroscopy and Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectroscopy (DEMS), and the driving force toward excellent performance has been proposed via theoretical calculations.
Artificial Photothermal Nociceptor Using Mott Oscillators
Authors: Hur Pyeongkang , Yoon Daseob , Yoon Minwook , Park Yunkyu , Son Junwoo
Published: December 2024

Bioinspired sensory systems based on spike neural networks have received considerable attention in resolving high energy consumption and limited bandwidth in current sensory systems. To efficiently produce spike signals upon exposure to external stimuli, compact neuron devices are required for signal detection and their encoding into spikes in a single device. Herein, it is demonstrated that Mott oscillative spike neurons can integrate sensing and ceaseless spike generation in a compact form, which emulates the process of evoking photothermal sensing in the features of biological photothermal nociceptors. Interestingly, frequency‐tunable and repetitive spikes are generated above the threshold value (Pth = 84 mW cm−2) as a characteristic of “threshold” in leaky‐integrate‐and‐fire (LIF) neurons; the neuron devices successfully mimic a crucial feature of biological thermal nociceptors, including modulation of frequency coding and startup latency depending on the intensity of photothermal stimuli. Furthermore, Mott spike neurons are self‐adapted after sensitization upon exposure to high‐intensity electromagnetic radiation, which can replicate allodynia and hyperalgesia in a biological sensory system. Thus, this study presents a unique approach to capturing and encoding environmental source data into spikes, enabling efficient sensing of environmental sources for the application of adaptive sensory systems.
An Integrated Whole‐Process Repair System with Programmed Regulation of Healing Performance Facilitates Urethral Wound Restoration and Scarless Reconstruction
Authors: Fang Wenzhuo , Wang Ying , Zhang Kaile , Yang Ming , Liu Meng , Jin Yangwang , Xiu Xianjie , Wang Yuhui , Yu Zhenwei , Yang Ranxing , Fu Qiang
Published: December 2024

The harsh microenvironment of the urethral injury often carries high risks of early undesirable healing as well as late scar tissue formation. Indeed, the infection and inflammatory response in the early stages as well as blood vessel formation and tissue regeneration in the later stages fundamentally impact the outcomes of urethral wound healing. Innovatively, an integrated whole‐process repair hydrogel (APF/C/L@dECM) is designed. After rigorous testing, it is found that hydrogels formed by hydrophobic association and double cross‐linking of amide bonds can procedurally regulate wound healing in all phases to match the repair process. In rabbit models of urethral wound, APF/C/L@dECM hydrogel can achieve scarless reconstruction with significantly better results than other hydrogels. Noteworthily, multi‐stage mechanistic explorations reveal the expression profiles of inflammation, vascularization, and extracellular matrix secretion‐related genes in wound tissue at different times. In summary, this study develops an overall treatment for urethral injury through a whole‐process repair system that promotes healthy healing of urethral wounds and prevents the formation of scar tissue.
Manipulating Magnetic Damping of Fe/GeTe Heterostructures by Band Engineering
Authors: Yang Xu , Li Jia‐Wan , Li Yan , Qiu Liang , Xue Hao‐Pu , Tang Jin , Du Hai‐Feng , Sun Rui , Yang Qing‐Lin , Liu Jia‐Nan , Zhang Xiang‐Qun , He Wei , Hou Yusheng , Cheng Zhao‐Hua
Published: December 2024

Understanding and manipulating magnetic damping, particularly in magnetic heterostructures, is crucial for fundamental research, versatile engineering, and optimization. Although magnetic damping can be enhanced by the band hybridization between ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic materials at the interface, the contribution of individual subbands on the hybridized bands to magnetic damping is fully unexplored. Here, it is found that magnetic damping αeff is modified by the Fermi level in Fe/GeTe heterostructures via Bi doping. By combining angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, the enhancement of damping originated from the strongly hybridized band structures between Fe and the surface Rashba bands of GeTe are unveiled. More interestingly, the Fermi level modulates the density of states (DOS) ratio between the subbands of GeTe and the total DOS of hybridized states, which is directly proportional to the magnetic damping. This work gives an insightful physical understanding of the magnetic damping influenced by the hybridized band structures and opens a novel avenue to manipulate magnetic damping by band engineering.
All Roads Lead to Rome: Pathways to Engineering Disease Resistance in Plants
Authors: Ikram Aziz Ul , Khan Muhammad Saad Shoaib , Islam Faisal , Ahmed Sulaiman , Ling Tengfang , Feng Feng , Sun Zongtao , Chen Huan , Chen Jian
Published: December 2024

Unlike animals, plants are unable to move and lack specialized immune cells and circulating antibodies. As a result, they are always threatened by a large number of microbial pathogens and harmful pests that can significantly reduce crop yield worldwide. Therefore, the development of new strategies to control them is essential to mitigate the increasing risk of crops lost to plant diseases. Recent developments in genetic engineering, including efficient gene manipulation and transformation methods, gene editing and synthetic biology, coupled with the understanding of microbial pathogenicity and plant immunity, both at molecular and genomic levels, have enhanced the capabilities to develop disease resistance in plants. This review comprehensively explains the fundamental mechanisms underlying the tug‐of‐war between pathogens and hosts, and provides a detailed overview of different strategies for developing disease resistance in plants. Additionally, it provides a summary of the potential genes that can be employed in resistance breeding for key crops to combat a wide range of potential pathogens and pests, including fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, and insects. Furthermore, this review addresses the limitations associated with these strategies and their possible solutions. Finally, it discusses the future perspectives for producing plants with durable and broad‐spectrum disease resistance.
Do Sustainable Agricultural Practices Boost Production and Technical Efficiency? A Case Study of Coffee Smallholders in Peru
Authors: Carbajo‐Alvarez Gabriela , Rosero Gabriel , Brümmer Bernhard
Published: December 2024

Smallholder agriculture remains a cornerstone for economic development and poverty reduction in Latin America. Their transition to sustainable agricultural production is critical in the face of the environmental challenges posed by conventional farming practices and is a key pathway to achieving the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. This study examines the effects of Sustainable Agricultural Practices (SAP) adoption on coffee production and technical efficiency (TE) among smallholders in Peru, focusing on both observable and unobservable factors. Using a multistage framework, we employ propensity score matching to control for observable factors, estimate a Stochastic Production Frontier model with sample selection bias correction to control for unobservable factors, and assess technological differences using a metafrontier approach. Our analysis of pooled cross‐sectional data from 2017 to 2019 indicates that age, farm accessibility, and having Quechua as a first language are factors that make farmers more likely to adopt SAP. Although SAP adopters initially show higher production levels, the difference is not statistically significant after accounting for unobserved factors. However, SAP adopters utilize better technology and exhibit higher TE compared to non‐adopters, highlighting the potential benefits of promoting sustainable practices in smallholder agriculture.