bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
تأثير النشاطات البدنية والرياضية المدرسية في مستوى الاغتراب النفسي لدى بعض تلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية بعمر 9 – 10 سنوات
Authors: خميس راضي سعد
Published: February 2021

هدفا البحث الى إعداد مقياس لقياس مستوى الاغتراب النفسي لدى تلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية بعمر 9-10 سنوات في درس التربية الرياضية، اما الهدف الثاني فكان التعرف على تأثير الأنشطة البدنية والرياضية المدرسية في مستوى الاغتراب النفسي للتلاميذ بعمر 9-10 سنوات في تطوير بعض القدرات البدنية والحركية في درس التربية الرياضية. اما فرضية البحث فكانت: هناك فروق دالة معنوياً بين نتائج القياسات القبلية و البعدية في مستوى الاغتراب النفسي لدى عينة البحث، واستخدم الباحث المنهج شبه التجريبي بتصميم المجموعة الواحدة التي يطبق عليها استخدام المتغير المستقل وتمثل مجتمع البحث بتلاميذ الصف الرابع الابتدائي لمدرسة الخلد والثقافة الابتدائية والبالغ عددهم (205 ) تلميذ وتم اختيار عينتي البحث عن طريق القرعة مقسمة على عينتين الأولى شعبة (ب) خاصة بالتجربة الاستطلاعية من مدرسة الخلد الابتدائية وعددهم (22) تلميذ لبناء المقياس و(12) تلميذ من شعبة (أ) من مدرسة الثقافة الابتدائية تم اختيارهم بشكل عشوائي لتنفيذ التجربة الرئيسية، وتم بناء مقياس للاغتراب النفسي لطلاب المرحلة الابتدائية، واستعان الباحث بمجالات مقياس الاغتراب النفسي الذي استخدمته الباحثة (ثناء يوسف الضبع 2004)، وكانت مجالات المقياس (4) مجالات مثلت المحاور الأساسية في ظاهرة الاغتراب النفسي والمحاور هي(العزلة الاجتماعية - العجز - اللامعيارية - اللامعنى)، قام الباحث بإجراء الاختبار القبلي يوم الأربعاء المصادف 12/3/2014 على عينة البحث وذلك من خلال توزيع مقياس الاغتراب النفسي. واعتمد الباحث النشاطات البدنية لدروس التربية الرياضية والبالغ عددها (2) درس في الأسبوع والنشاط اللاصفي لدرس التربية الرياضية (حصة واحدة في الأسبوع) خلال إقامة سباقات رياضية بألعاب كرة اليد والكرة الطائرة وسباقات التتابع بألعاب القوى ولمدة (7) أسابيع وبواقع(21) وحدة تعليمية، (14) وحدة من خلال درس التربية الرياضية و(7) وحدة تعليمية نشاط لأصفي وزمن الدرس (40) دقيقة بدأت يوم الخميس المصادف 13/3 / 2014 ولغاية يوم الخميس المصادف 24/4/2014. وتم إجراء الاختبار البعدي يوم الأحد المصادف 27/4/ 2014 وللتوصل الى نتائج البحث تمت معالجة البيانات إحصائيا باستخدام الحقيبة الإحصائية لنظام Spss. ومن اهم الاستنتاجات التي توصل اليها الباحث: ان للأنشطة البدنية والرياضية دور مهم في خفض مستوى العزلة الاجتماعية والعجز لدى التلاميذ،، وأوصى الباحث: اعتماد الأنشطة البدنية والرياضية في تقليل مستوى الاغتراب النفسي لتلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية.
تأثير استخدام أسلوب التعلم الإتقاني بتمرينات إدراكية حس – حركية مقترحة في تنمية قدرتي التوافق والرشاقة الحركية بكرة السلة للناشئين
Authors: خلف عبود عامر
Published: February 2021

أن نجاح عمليات التعلم مقترنة بعدة أساليب ومن هذه الاساليب أسلوب التعلم الإتقاني الذي يتطلب الزيادة في عدد الوحدات التعليمية وتكرار تمريناتها من أجل منح الضعفاء أوقات إضافية للنهوض بمستوى أدائهم، وأن التمرينات المستخدمة حالياً وبدون تطبيق هذا الأسلوب غير كافية والسبب يعود في ذلك إلى قلة الوقت الممنوح للمتعلمين لإتقان قدرتي التوافق والرشاقة الحركية وقلة الوحدات التعليمية وتكراراتها والتغذية الراجعة وإهمال جانب التعزيز والاثارة لذلك تم صياغة تمرينات إدراكية حس – حركية مقترحة وفق هذا الأسلوب والتعرف على تأثيرها من خلال نتائج الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي ولصالح الاختبار البعدي، وبين نتائج الاختبار البعدي للمجموعتين ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية، لذا أثبت هذا الأسلوب تأثيراً واضحاً في تنمية القدرتين للمجموعة التجريبية التي طبقت التمرينات الإدراكية الحس – حركية أكثر من المجموعة الضابطة، لذلك يؤكد الباحث على اعتماد هذا الأسلوب لاسيما مع فئة الناشئين وإلى إجراء دراسات وبحوث مشابهة تتناول القدرات الأخرى التي لم يتناولها الباحث في بحثة من أجل دراستها.
Sustainability Effort of Traditional “Lubuk Larangan” Forbidden Deep Pool Stream
Authors: Matondang Saiful Anwar
Published: February 2021

This research paper sought the river fish conservation data in Sumatra Island, which applies the local wisdom. An exploration research procedure was carried out toward the traditional “Lubuk Larangan”; a forbidden deep pool stream in preserving the river’s ecology and keep fish stock. The obtained data indicates that Lubuk Larangan cultural tradition revives since 1980. Now many villages in Sumatera have Lubuk Larangan Locations. Locations are scattered in the four provinces of Sumatera, such as West Sumatra, Jambi, Riau and North Sumatra. Data analysis shows that the merged of cultural tradition of Minangkabau of West Sumatera with innovation in handling Lubuk Larangan appeared and the Mandailing community of North Sumatera makes the local concession to improve Lubuk Larangan policy. The local community establishes Lubuk Larangan to restore the destructed environment and keep the life cycles of river fish. It is a sustainability way to overcome the exceeded fishing exploitation in the rivers.
Religiosidade, espiritualidade e saúde: uma incursão nos trabalhos acadêmicos das áreas das ciências humanas e da saúde nas universidades públicas da região Sul do Brasil
Authors: Souza Karen Luisa Chaves , Silva Sandra Célia Coelho Gomes da
Published: February 2021

O presente estudo visa analisar os conceitos de religiosidade e espiritualidade, e sua influência na saúde de acordo as concepções dos autores das universidades públicas da região sul nos últimos 05 anos. Trata-se de uma revisão na literatura do tipo integrativa, onde a busca procedeu por trabalhos nacionais, disponíveis nos repositórios eletrônicos das universidades estaduais e federais da região sul do Brasil, publicados nos últimos 05 anos. Foram encontrados 31 estudos, distribuídos em três categorias: Religiosidade e espiritualidade de acordo a visão dos autores do Sul do Brasil; Impactos da religiosidade e espiritualidade no processo saúde-doença; Perfil dos estudiosos da região sul sobre essa temática. Mesmo encontrando essa quantidade de estudos sobre a temática ainda é necessário buscar ampliar a pesquisa nessa área, pois a religiosidade e espiritualidade possuem impacto significativo no processo saúde-doença.
Полиморфизм гена NAT2 в риске развития туберкулёза с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью при ВИЧ-инфекции
Authors: Мальцева Н. В. , Викторова И. Б. , Казанцева О. М. , Ханин А. Л.
Published: February 2021

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Влияние генетических полиморфизмов CYP2C9*2 и CYP2C9*3 на эффективность и безопасность кетопрофена у больных в послеоперационном периоде после кардиохирургических вмешательств
Authors: Морозова Т. Е. , Шацкий Д. А. , Ших Е. В. , Качанова А. А. , Созаева Ж. А. , Сычёв Д. А.
Published: February 2021

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Ассоциация с возрастом ДНК-маркеров генов «фармакологического ответа» в этнической группе абхазов
Authors: Эрдман В. В. , Насибуллин Т. Р. , Туктарова И. А. , Тимашева Я. Р. , Матуа А. З. , Викторова Т. В.
Published: February 2021

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Исследование влияния полиморфизма генов CYP3A5, CYP2B6 и NAT2 на эффективность лечения туберкулёза с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью
Authors: Юнусбаева М. М. , Бородина Л. Я. , Билалов Ф. С. , Шарипов Р. А. , Юнусбаев Б. Б.
Published: February 2021

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Опыт применения молекулярного профилирования тканей Foundation One у пациента с аденокарциномой пищевода
Authors: Гурьянова А. А. , Поддубская Е. В. , Секачева М. И. , Бондаренко А. П.
Published: February 2021

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Генетические факторы и ремоделирование миокарда у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа
Authors: Углова П. Е. , Королева Е. В. , Хохлов А. Л. , Ильин М. В.
Published: February 2021

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Purification and characterization of protease from Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from soil
Authors: İDİL Önder , SÖYLEMEZ Üzeyir , ÇELİKOĞLU Emine , ÇELİKOĞLU Umut
Published: February 2021

Proteases are one of the most important groups of industrial enzymes. These enzymes are used in detergent, protein, meat, leather, dairy, pharmaceutical and food industry. In this study, protease enzymes produced from Bacillus thuringiensis which was isolated from soil was purified. The optimum conditions of this purified enzyme were investigated. The effect of the different production environment, different pH, different temperature degrees and different metal ions of the enzyme produced from Bacillus thuringiensis were observed. It was seen that the highest protease activity was at 55ᵒC and at pH-7.
Determination of Auchenorrhyncha species distributed in apple orchards in Amasya, Turkey with a new record for Turkish fauna
Authors: KARAVİN Murat , ÇALIŞKAN Elif , DEDE Onur
Published: February 2021

Apple is the economically most important agricultural product in Amasya. So, identifiying the potentially pest species in apple orchards is very important for agriculture and economy. Auchenorrhyncha species, known as plant pests, adversely affect the growth of plants directly or indirectly and as a result cause abnormal development, damage and even death of plant tissues and cells. In this study, it was aimed to determine the Auchenorrhyncha species which are potentially pests in apple orchards in Amasya, Turkey. 38 species belonging to the Auchenorrhyncha were determined in apple orchards in Amasya and Trypetimorpha occidentalis is recorded for the first time for the Turkish Auchenorrhyncha fauna.
ANORMAL UTERİN KANAMASI OLAN OLGULARDA ULTRASONOGRAFİK BULGULAR ve HİSTOPATOLOJİK SONUÇLARI
Authors: ÖZGÜR GÜRSOY Özlem , GÜRER Hulusi Göktuğ , YILDIZ EREN Ceren
Published: February 2021

Amaç: Anormal uterin kanama (AUK) ile başvuran kadınlarda transvajinal ultrasonografik (TvUSG ) değerlendirme, histopatolojik sonuçlarla karşılaştırılarak, tanıda TvUSG’nin yerini ortaya koymaktır.

Gereçler ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Ocak 2011- Mayıs 2020 yılları arasında AUK şikayeti ile başvurmuş, 19-86 yaş arasında, endometriyal biyopsi yapılmış 633 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların TvUSG bulguları ile, histopatolojik sonuçları karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Değerlendirilen 633 hastanın yaş ortalaması 48,3±10,3(19-86), parite ortalaması 2,1±1,2 (0-9) ve vücut kitle indeksi ortalaması 25,71±3,4 (19-32) kg/m2 saptandı. Histopatolojik sonucu normal (proliferatif ve sekretuar endometrium) kabul edilen 316 (%49,9) hastada ortalama endometriyal kalınlık (EK) 8,34±2,49 mm (2-12) bulundu. 133 (%21,0) endometriyal polip vakasında ortalama EK 13,5±0,97 mm (12-20), 52(%8,21) atipisiz endometriyal hiperplazi (Asiz EH)’de ortalama EK 15,27±3,28 mm (4-22), 102 (%16,11) atipili endometriyal hiperplazinin (Ali EH) ortalama EK’ı 18,53±3,06 mm (5-23) saptandı. Tespit edilen 30(%4,73) endometriyal adenokarsinom vakasının ortalama EK 28,87±5,09 mm (24-47) ölçüldü. One way ANOVA ve Tukey post hoc analizlerine göre EK ölçümü tanı koyma ve biyopsi endikasyonları belirleme açısından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p
IMPULSE BUYING BEHAVIOUR AT THE RETAIL CHECKOUT: AN INVESTIGATION OF SELECT ANTECEDENTS
Authors: Pallikkara Vinish , Pinto Prakash , Hawaldar Iqbal Thonse , Pinto Slima
Published: February 2021

The remarkable growth of the Indian retail landscape over the last decade is reflected in the proliferation of supermarkets, departmental stores and hypermarkets in India. Evolving consumption patterns, raising living standards has sparked a huge demand in the food and grocery retailing. Impulse buying is a time-tested tactic by which retailers grab customer’s attention and boost average purchase value. Prior research has deliberated extensively on impulse buying in the store and its determinants. However, little effort has been made to examine the impulse buying behaviour, particularly at the retail checkout. To bridge this gap, we conducted an empirical study in the leading food and grocery modern retail stores in selected Tier I and Tier II cities in the state of Karnataka, India. The data was collected from 385 respondents using a structured questionnaire. The responses were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and multiple regression. Our study shows that impulse buying at the store checkout area is minimal and sporadic for most of the product categories at the checkout. Impulse buying at the checkout is instigated by factors such as store environment, credit card availability, momentary mood, in-store promotion, offers and discounts and large merchandise. The study has important implications for retail stores by emphasising on the choice of merchandise offered for sale at the checkout area. Further, the investigation reveals that Indian shoppers are health-conscious and cautious about their purchase at the checkout rather than being impulsive.
Alfvén Wave Mode Conversion in Pulsar Magnetospheres
Authors: Yuan Yajie , Levin Yuri , Bransgrove Ashley , Philippov Alexander
Published: February 2021

The radio emission anomaly coincident with the 2016 glitch of the Vela pulsar may be caused by a starquake that launches Alfvén  waves into the magnetosphere, disturbing the original radio emitting region. To quantify the lifetime of the Alfvén  waves, we investigate a possible energy loss mechanism, the conversion of Alfvén  waves into fast magnetosonic waves. Using axisymmetric force-free simulations, we follow the propagation of Alfvén  waves launched from the stellar surface with small amplitude into the closed zone of a force-free dipolar pulsar magnetosphere. We observe mode conversion happening in the ideal force-free regime. The conversion efficiency during the first passage of the Alfvén  wave through the equator can be large, for waves that reach large amplitudes as they travel away from the star, or propagate on the field lines passing close to the Y point. However, the conversion efficiency is reduced due to dephasing on subsequent passages and considerable Alfvén  power on the closed field lines remains. Thus while some leakage into the fast mode happens, we need detailed understanding of the original quenching in order to say whether mode conversion alone can lead to reactivation of the pulsar on a short timescale.
An Improved Measurement of the Secondary Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies from the SPT-SZ + SPTpol Surveys
Authors: Reichardt C. L. , Patil S. , Ade P. A. R. , Anderson A. J. , Austermann J. E. , Avva J. S. , Baxter E. , Beall J. A. , Bender A. N. , Benson B. A. , Bianchini F. , Bleem L. E. , Carlstrom J. E. , Chang C. L. , Chaubal P. , Chiang H. C. , Chou T. L. , Citron R. , Moran C. Corbett , Crawford T. M. , Crites A. T. , Haan T. de , Dobbs M. A. , Everett W. , Gallicchio J. , George E. M. , Gilbert A. , Gupta N. , Halverson N. W. , Harrington N. , Henning J. W. , Hilton G. C. , Holder G. P. , Holzapfel W. L. , Hrubes J. D. , Huang N. , Hubmayr J. , Irwin K. D. , Knox L. , Lee A. T. , Li D. , Lowitz A. , Luong-Van D. , McMahon J. J. , Mehl J. , Meyer S. S. , Millea M. , Mocanu L. M. , Mohr J. J. , Montgomery J. , Nadolski A. , Natoli T. , Nibarger J. P. , Noble G. , Novosad V. , Omori Y. , Padin S. , Pryke C. , Ruhl J. E. , Saliwanchik B. R. , Sayre J. T. , Schaffer K. K. , Shirokoff E. , Sievers C. , Smecher G. , Spieler H. G. , Staniszewski Z. , Stark A. A. , Tucker C. , Vanderlinde K. , Veach T. , Vieira J. D. , Wang G. , Whitehorn N. , Williamson R. , Wu W. L. K. , Yefremenko V.
Published: February 2021

We report new measurements of millimeter-wave power spectra in the angular multipole range 2000 ≤ ℓ ≤ 11,000 (angular scales

). By adding 95 and 150 GHz data from the low-noise 500 deg2 SPTpol survey to the SPT-SZ three-frequency 2540 deg2 survey, we substantially reduce the uncertainties in these bands. These power spectra include contributions from the primary cosmic microwave background, cosmic infrared background, radio galaxies, and thermal and kinematic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) effects. The data favor a thermal SZ (tSZ) power at 143 GHz of

and a kinematic SZ (kSZ) power of

. This is the first measurement of kSZ power at ≥3σ. However, different assumptions about the CIB or SZ models can reduce the significance down to 2.4σ in the worst case. We study the implications of the measured kSZ power for the epoch of reionization under the Calabrese et al. model for the kSZ power spectrum and find the duration of reionization to be

(

at 95% confidence), when combined with our previously published tSZ bispectrum measurement. The upper limit tightens to

if the assumed homogeneous kSZ power is increased by 25% (∼0.5 μK2) and relaxes to

if the homogeneous kSZ power is decreased by the same amount.
An X-Ray Spectral Study of the Origin of Reflection Features in Bare Seyfert 1 Galaxy ESO 511–G030
Authors: Ghosh Ritesh , Laha Sibasish
Published: February 2021

The reprocessed X-ray emission from active galactic nuclei is an important diagnostic tool to study the dynamics and geometry of the matter surrounding supermassive black holes (SMBHs). We present a broadband (optical-UV to hard X-ray) spectral study of the bare Seyfert 1 galaxy, ESO 511–G030, using multi-epoch Suzaku and XMM-Newton data from 2012 and 2007, respectively. The broadband spectra of ESO 511–G030 exhibit a UV bump, a prominent soft excess below

, a relatively broad (

) Fe emission line at

, and a weak Compton hump at

. The soft X-ray excess in ESO 511–G030 can be described either as the thermal Comptonization of disk seed photons by a warm (

), optically thick (

), and compact (

) corona or as the blurred reflection from an untruncated and moderate to highly ionized accretion disk. However, for the blurred reflection, the model requires some extreme configuration of the disk and corona. Both these models prefer a rapidly spinning black hole (

) and a compact corona, indicating a relativistic origin of the broad Fe emission line. We found an inner disk temperature of

that characterizes the UV bump and the SMBH accretes at a sub-Eddington rate (

).
Inspiraling Double Compact Object Detection and Lensing Rate: Forecast for DECIGO and B-DECIGO
Authors: Piórkowska-Kurpas Aleksandra , Hou Shaoqi , Biesiada Marek , Ding Xuheng , Cao Shuo , Fan Xilong , Kawamura Seiji , Zhu Zong-Hong
Published: February 2021

Emergence of gravitational wave (GW) astronomy revived the interest in exploring the low-frequency GW spectrum inaccessible from the ground. Satellite GW observatory DECihertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (DECIGO) in its original configuration and the currently proposed smaller-scale B-DECIGO are aimed to cover the decihertz part of the GW spectrum, which fills the gap between LISA millihertz and deca- to kilohertz range probed by ground-based detectors. In this paper we forecast the detection rates of inspiraling double compact objects (DCOs) and the unresolved confusion noise from these sources in DECIGO and B-DECIGO. In the context of DECIGO we use, for the first time, the population synthesis intrinsic inspiral rates of NS–NS, BH–NS and BH–BH systems. We also estimate the expected gravitational lensing rates of such sources for DECIGO and B-DECIGO. The result is that yearly detection of resolvable DCOs inspirals for the DECIGO is of the order of 102–105, while for a much smaller-scale B-DECIGO they are about 10–105 depending on the DCO population considered. Taking into account that a considerable part of these events would be detectable by ground-based GW observatories, the significance of DECIGO/B-DECIGO could be substantial. Due to contamination by unresolved sources, both DECIGO and B-DECIGO will not be able to register lensed NS–NS or BH–NS systems, but the lensed BH–BH systems could be observed at the rate of about 50 per year in DECIGO. Smaller-scale B-DECIGO will be able to detect a few lensed BH–BH systems per year. We also address the question of the magnification bias in the GW event catalogs of DECIGO and B-DECIGO.
A Long Stream of Metal-poor Cool Gas around a Massive Starburst Galaxy at z = 2.67
Authors: Fu Hai , Xue R. , Prochaska J. X. , Stockton A. , Ponnada S. , Lau M. W. , Cooray A. , Narayanan D.
Published: February 2021

We present the first detailed dissection of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of massive starburst galaxies at z > 2. Our target is a submillimeter galaxy (SMG) at z = 2.674 that has a star formation rate of 1200 M
⊙ yr−1 and a molecular gas reservoir of 1.3 × 1011
M
⊙. We characterize its CGM with two background QSOs at impact parameters of 93 kpc and 176 kpc. We detect strong H i and metal-line absorption near the redshift of the SMG toward both QSOs, each consisting of three main subsystems spanning over 1500 km s−1. The absorbers show remarkable kinematic and metallicity coherence across a separation of ∼86 kpc. In particular, the cool gas in the CGM of the SMG exhibits high H i column densities (

), a low metallicity ([M/H] ≈ −2.0), and nearly the same radial velocity (δ
v ∼ −300 km s−1). While the H i column densities match previous results on the massive halos hosting QSOs, the metallicity is lower by more than an order of magnitude, making it an outlier in the line width−metallicity relation of damped Lyα absorbers. The large physical extent, the velocity coherence, the high surface densities, and the low metallicity are all consistent with the cool, inflowing, and near-pristine gas streams predicted to penetrate hot massive halos at z > 1.5. We estimate a total gas accretion rate of ∼100 M
⊙ yr−1 from three such streams. At this rate, it takes only a gigayear to acquire the molecular gas reservoir of the central starburst.
Indication of a Pulsar Wind Nebula in the Hard X-Ray Emission from SN 1987A
Authors: Greco Emanuele , Miceli Marco , Orlando Salvatore , Olmi Barbara , Bocchino Fabrizio , Nagataki Shigehiro , Ono Masaomi , Dohi Akira , Peres Giovanni
Published: February 2021

Since the day of its explosion, SN 1987A (SN87A) was closely monitored with the aim to study its evolution and to detect its central compact relic. The detection of neutrinos from the supernova strongly supports the formation of a neutron star (NS). However, the constant and fruitless search for this object has led to different hypotheses on its nature. To date, the detection in the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data of a feature that is somehow compatible with the emission arising from a proto-pulsar wind nebula (PWN) is the only hint of the existence of such elusive compact object. Here we tackle this 33 yr old issue by analyzing archived observations of SN87A performed by Chandra and NuSTAR in different years. We firmly detect nonthermal emission in the 10–20 kev energy band, due to synchrotron radiation. The possible physical mechanism powering such emission is twofold: diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) or emission arising from an absorbed PWN. By relating a state-of-the-art magnetohydrodynamic simulation of SN87A to the actual data, we reconstruct the absorption pattern of the PWN embedded in the remnant and surrounded by cold ejecta. We found that, even though the DSA scenario cannot be firmly excluded, the most likely scenario that well explains the data is that of PWN emission.
Cytopathology of Saliva in COVID-19 Patients: Preliminary Study on Five Patients of COVID-19
Authors: Zulkarnain Mohammad , Flora Rostika , Fauziah Nyiayu , Dewi Citra , Rahmawati Eny , Yusri Yusri , Dewi Lisa , Darory Benny , Aerosta Danny Kusuma , Murti Krisna
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a SARS-CoV-2 virus. The virus is currently known to possess single-stranded and positive-sense RNA genomes. The replication of this virus does not occur in the nucleus but in the cytoplasm of the host cell. This rapid replication can lead to impairment of host cell. Without cytoplasm, the host cell will lose its shape and may be damaged.
AIM: This study aims to find out the histopathology of exfoliated epithelial cells in saliva of COVID-19 patients.
METHODS: This was an observational study with a laboratory-based cross-sectional design. The specimens of saliva were collected from five positive people of COVID-19 and four people as negative controls of COVID-19. The determination of positive and negative infections of COVID-19 was based on the results of the real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs, and sputum. The cytopathology of saliva was examined by Smear test and it was then stained by Papanicolaou method. The morphology of exfoliative epithelial cells in saliva was observed using a light microscope with magnification of ×10 and ×40. The damage of epithelial cells was observed from the integrity of the epithelial cell membrane and the shape of the damaged epithelial cells. In addition to morphologic findings, the number of cells with no nucleus was also calculated.
RESULTS: From five samples of saliva from patients of positive COVID-19, microscopically the membrane of epithelial cells was intact and the contents of the cells were scattered about. The damaged epithelial cells with nuclei were in place, which were also found, but the morphology was not normal. More cells without nuclei were frequently observed in the saliva of COVID-19 patients.
CONCLUSION: The damage to membrane and organelles of epithelial cells was found in the saliva of COVID-19 patients.
Sequências de ensino investigativas envolvendo CTSA: a biomassa como tema gerador do processo de aprendizagem de conceitos químicos
Authors: Magalhães Prislaine , Bighetti Rebeca , Legendre Alexandre , Zuliani Silvia
Published: February 2021

Neste trabalho, compartilhamos os resultados da aplicação de uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativa (SEI) para duas turmas do primeiro ano do Ensino Médio, tendo como temática a Biomassa. Apresentaremos como a SEI promoveu a reaproximação de conteúdos específicos de Química, fomentando discussões frutuosas sobre questões CTSA (Ciência, Tecnologia, Sociedade e Ambiente) e reflexões sobre os resíduos sólidos gerados pelas usinas sucroalcooleiras, comuns na região onde os alunos residem. Mapas conceituais foram utilizados como estratégia para levantar concepções prévias e nortear as questões propostas. A partir de aparatos experimentais e uma minicaldeira previamente construída com materiais de baixo custo, grupos de alunos puderam levantar hipóteses, planejar e realizar seus experimentos. A sistematização das informações se deu a partir de relatórios, e as análises de conteúdo dos relatórios resultaram em seis categorias, das quais cinco reaproximaram conteúdos específicos em química e uma agrupou questões relacionadas ao movimento CTSA. Sabemos da necessidade de promover discussões com nossos alunos sobre possíveis fontes de energia limpa e sustentável, e observamos que a temática Biomassa foi assertiva nesse sentido, favorecendo a formação integral dos alunos. Além disso, este trabalho mostra a necessidade de repensar o currículo de química, uma vez que os conteúdos específicos não devem ser tratados de maneira linear.
A construção coletiva sobre as séries infinitas por Leibniz e Newton
Authors: Souza Isis , Aires Joanez
Published: February 2021

O Ensino de Ciências, tradicionalmente, apresenta os produtos da ciência em detrimento do processo de construção do conhecimento científico. Ou seja, geralmente os alunos recebem uma educação científica com base nos resultados de teorias científicas já consolidadas. Todavia, uma compreensão sobre a Natureza da Ciência estará ausente sem sua história e sem uma epistemologia que esclareça como os fatos científicos foram construídos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo trazer uma reflexão sobre a construção coletiva em relação às Séries Infinitas. Foi escolhida a epistemologia de Ludwik Fleck (1896- 1961), a qual se fundamenta na perspectiva de que a ciência é uma construção social e não resultado de ações individuais de cientistas. Como método de pesquisa, utilizou-se a pesquisa documental, com perspectiva histórica, tendo como fontes primárias as correspondências da Royal Society de Londres de 1676. As análises de dados foram realizadas por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2016). Como resultado, considerase as contribuições de outros matemáticos, além de Newton, para a constituição de um novo Estilo de Pensamento e consequente influência das disciplinas matemáticas desde o século XVII até os dias de hoje, podem ser caracterizadas pelos conceitos fleckianos de Circulação Intercoletiva de Ideias e Proideias (ou Pre-ideias).
Annelids of the eastern Australian abyss collected by the 2017 RV ‘Investigator’ voyage
Authors: Gunton Laetitia M. , Kupriyanova Elena K. , Alvestad Tom , Avery Lynda , Blake James A. , Biriukova Olga , Böggemann Markus , Borisova Polina , Budaeva Nataliya , Burghardt Ingo , Capa Maria , Georgieva Magdalena N. , Glasby Christopher J. , Hsueh Pan-Wen , Hutchings Pat , Jimi Naoto , Kongsrud Jon A. , Langeneck Joachim , Meißner Karin , Murray Anna , Nikolic Mark , Paxton Hannelore , Ramos Dino , Schulze Anja , Sobczyk Robert , Watson Charlotte , Wiklund Helena , Wilson Robin S. , Zhadan Anna , Zhang Jinghuai
Published: February 2021

In Australia, the deep-water (bathyal and abyssal) benthic invertebrate fauna is poorly known in comparison with that of shallow (subtidal and shelf) habitats. Benthic fauna from the deep eastern Australian margin was sampled systematically for the first time during 2017 RV ‘Investigator’ voyage ‘Sampling the Abyss’. Box core, Brenke sledge, and beam trawl samples were collected at one-degree intervals from Tasmania, 42°S, to southern Queensland, 24°S, from 900 to 4800 m depth. Annelids collected were identified by taxonomic experts on individual families around the world. A complete list of all identified species is presented, accompanied with brief morphological diagnoses, taxonomic remarks, and colour images. A total of more than 6000 annelid specimens consisting of 50 families (47 Polychaeta, one Echiura, two Sipuncula) and 214 species were recovered. Twenty-seven species were given valid names, 45 were assigned the qualifier cf., 87 the qualifier sp., and 55 species were considered new to science. Geographical ranges of 16 morphospecies extended along the eastern Australian margin to the Great Australian Bight, South Australia; however, these ranges need to be confirmed with genetic data. This work providing critical baseline biodiversity data on an important group of benthic invertebrates from a virtually unknown region of the world’s ocean will act as a springboard for future taxonomic and biogeographic studies in the area.
Upcycling of manure with insects: current and future prospects
Authors: Cammack J.A. , Miranda C.D. , Jordan H.R. , Tomberlin J.K.
Published: February 2021

An unavoidable by-product of any animal production system, be it vertebrate- or invertebrate-based, is the manure generated by the animals themselves. In this review, we focus on the role that insects, particularly the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), could play in managing the mass amount of manure produced through animal agriculture, and the subsequent commodities that could be generated by such a system. Although the focus of this review is on the black soldier fly, we postulate that other species, including the lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the house fly Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) are also well poised to help with the challenge of managing animal manure, while generating products of value.
Impact of heat treatment on microbiota of black soldier fly larvae reared on soybean curd residues
Authors: Soomro A.A. , Cai M. , Laghari Z.A. , Zheng L. , ur Rehman K. , Xiao X. , Hu S. , Yu Z. , Zhang J.
Published: February 2021

Entomophagy has emerged as an alternative and viable source of high-quality animal-derived proteins and fats for livestock production or as a human food supplement. The use of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) as a dietary protein source for animals needs to be hygienically safe. The authors analysed the microbial community structure of the BSFL raised on different diets and investigated the effect of various heat treatments on the bacterial composition through 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing. The results revealed that the diet of BSFL could alter the bacterial community structure. However, there are substantial differences in the abundance or diversity of individual bacterial populations. The bacterial community was dominated by four common phyla, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. Most of the samples show the presence of some potential foodborne pathogens such as Bacillus, Aeromonas, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella, Helicobacter, and Enterococcus. Furthermore, looking at the microbial community structure of BSFL, the post-harvest heat treatment showed a significant effect on human pathogens when compared to those in the control group without heat treatment. Enterococcus in BSFL raised on soybean curd residues (SCR) diet disappeared after heat treatments in all groups. Moreover, Staphylococcus in BSFL raised on artificial feed (AF) diet disappeared after heat treatment. The heat-treated samples of BSFL reared on SCR, and AF (Group OD22 samples dried in the oven for 22 minutes and at a temperature of 150 °C) had a better influence on the community structure as compared to all heat treatments. This study provides the baseline data on the microbial composition and potential pathogens of BSFL reared on different dietary sources and showed the effect of different heat treatments on the microbial community.
Natural History of Pressure Injury Among Ethnically/Racially Diverse Nursing Home Residents: The Pressure Ulcer Detection Study
Authors: Bates-Jensen Barbara M. , Anber Kailey , Chen Maximus M. , Collins Sierra , Esparza Adriana N. , Gieschen Kathryn , Haglund Erin , Lim Jen Yee , Lin Connie , Taw Ellie-Jan , Rodriguez Susana , Truong Max , Tubillo Pamela , Xiao Alvita , McCreath Heather E.
Published: February 2021

The current observational study provides descriptive data on 270 pressure injuries (PrIs) among 142 racially/ethnically diverse nursing home (NH) residents over 16 weeks. Weekly assessments were conducted with the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool. NH data were obtained from public government websites. NH, resident, and PrI characteristics across race/ethnicity groups were compared using analysis of variance and chi-square. Participants were 62% female and 89% functionally dependent. More Black and Asian individuals had peripheral vascular disease. More Black individuals had persistent trunk and Stage 4 PrIs. Black and Hispanic individuals had normal skin color surrounding PrIs. More Asian individuals had PrIs surrounded by purple/red discolored skin. More Black individuals' heel PrIs were unstageable, necrotic, and showed no granulation. Black and Hispanic individuals exhibited more deep tissue injury. No NH or prevention differences existed. Health disparities found validate administrative data results. Differences in PrI characteristics should be further examined among diverse NH residents. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(3), 37–46.]
Patterns and Predictors of Successful Treatment Discontinuation in Retinal Vein Occlusions With Macular Edema in the Real World
Authors: Lo Therlinder , Lent-Schochet Daniella , Luu Kieu-Yen , Kuriyan Ajay E. , Weiss Menachem Y. , Rachitskaya Aleksandra V. , Singh Rishi P. , Wai Karen M. , Campbell J. Peter , Gupta Kishan , Nudleman Eric , Chen Kevin C. , Yiu Glenn
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To identify factors associated with successful treatment discontinuation in eyes with retinal vein occlusions (RVOs) and macular edema (ME) in real-world settings.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective study of 214 eyes with RVO and ME with 24-month follow-up at five academic centers. Regression analyses identified factors associated with (1) successful treatment discontinuation for at least 6 months without fluid recurrence and (2) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 24 months.

RESULTS:

Forty percent of eyes with branch RVO and 35% with central RVO (CRVO) / hemi-retinal RVO (HRVO) successfully discontinued therapy without fluid recurrence, with median time to discontinuation of 6 and 7 months, respectively. Lower 6-month central subfield thickness was associated with greater likelihood of treatment discontinuation within 24 months for eyes with CRVO/HRVO (
P
= .001), whereas better 6-month BCVA was associated with better 24-month BCVA for all RVO subtypes (
P
< .001).

CONCLUSION:

Early anatomic response at 6 months is associated with greater likelihood of stopping treatments.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:84–92.]
A multiscale stochastic criminal behavior model under a hybrid scheme
Authors: Wang Chuntian , Zhang Yuan
Published: February 2021

Crime in urban environment is a major social problem nowadays. As such, many efforts have been made to develop mathematical models for this type of crime. The pioneering work [M. B. Short, M. R. D'Orsogna, V. B. Pasour, G. E. Tita, P. J. Brantingham, A. L. Bertozzi and L. B. Chayes, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 18, (2008), pp. 1249-1267] establishes an agent-based human-environment interaction model of criminal behavior for residential burglary, where aggregate pattern formation of "hotspots" is quantitatively studied for the first time. Potential offenders are assumed to interact with environment according to well-known criminology and sociology notions. However long-term simulations for the coupled dynamics are computationally costly due to all components evolving on slow time scales. In this paper, we introduce a new-generation criminal behavior model with separated spatio-temporal scales for the agent actions and the environment parameter reactions. The computational cost is reduced significantly, while the essential stochastic features of the pioneering model are preserved. Moreover, the separation of scales brings the model into the theoretical framework of piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMP). A martingale approach is applicable which will be useful to analyze both stochastic and statistical features of the model in subsequent studies.
Graded post-Lie algebra structures and homogeneous Rota-Baxter operators on the Schrödinger-Virasoro algebra
Authors: Xu Pengliang , Tang Xiaomin
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we characterize the graded post-Lie algebra structures on the Schrödinger-Virasoro Lie algebra. Furthermore, as an application, we obtain the all homogeneous Rota-Baxter operator of weight $ 1 $ on the Schrödinger-Virasoro Lie algebra.
Nutritional, functional and microbiological characteristics of Jordanian fermented green Nabali Baladi olives
Authors: Ahmad M.N. , Mehyar G.F. , Othman G.A.
Published: February 2021

The quality characteristics of green olives produced by the traditional spontaneous fermentation method in Jordan have never been studied. We investigated the nutritional, functional, and microbiological characteristics of Jordanian fermented green Nabali Baladi olives (GNBFO). Proximate composition, fatty acids, and total polyphenols were determined by standard protocols. Cultivable microflora was monitored over 3 months of fermentation. Isolated microorganisms were identified by molecular sequencing and in vitro probiotic traits were tested. GNBFO contained fiber (3g⁄100g), total polyphenols (306mg⁄100g), oil (19.3g ⁄100g), and oleic acid (70%). Yeast strains (Candida diddensiae and Candida naeodendra) were predominant and showed acid (pH=2.5) and bile salt (0.1% and 0.3%) resistant and high adhesion ability (ca∼107CFU/ml) to intestinal cell lines; they were positive to catalase and negative to lipase and none possessed antimicrobial activity against selected pathogens. Lactic acid bacteria were not detected. In conclusion, the GNBFO have promising functional characteristics as they contain valuable nutrients, antioxidants, and yeast strains with potential probiotic traits.
The Influence of Concrete Cover, Type of Wire Indentation and Concrete Mix on Bond between Steel and Concrete in Prismatic Prestressed Concrete Members
Authors: Savić Adrijana , Dastgerdi Aref Shafiei , Beck B. Terry , Peterman Robert J. , Robertson Aaron
Published: February 2021

This research was focused on evaluating the influence of the different variables that affectsplitting in prestressed concrete members, particularly prestressed concrete ties. These include the thickness of concrete cover, release strength of concrete, and the type of wire indentation. Different combinations of these variables can affect splitting. This research was focused on finding the best possible material characteristics to avoid potential failures in the field. The objective of this research was to set the minimum value of the thickness of concrete cover, for different wire types used in manufacturing having given types of aggregate for concrete mixture. The importance of this research was to identify the best materials and the best system (concrete, wire, cover) designs before the production of prestressed concrete ties. Splitting test results presented in this research were focusedon three different thicknesses of concrete cover, three different concrete mixes, a 4500psi concrete release strength, and seven different indented wire types.
The Degradation Phenomena of SLS Glass Doped ZnO Based Varistor Ceramics
Authors: Ismail Nur Quratul Aini , Sa'at Nor Kamilah , Zaid Mohd Hafiz Mohd , Isa Nor Hasanah
Published: February 2021

A stability loss of varistor is subjected to any of variety extreme conditions such different stresses AC or DC, temperature, pulse, pressure, humidity, etc. This causes degradation phenomenon and leads to thermal runaway or failure of varistor. The investigation of degradation phenomena is an important subject for prolonging their lives. In this study, we investigate the degradation process of ZnO1-x-CoO2.0-SLSx varistor ceramics where x= 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mol % by using conventional solid state method at sintering temperature of 1100 °C for 2 hour. The stability of their nonlinear properties was investigated under prolonged application of DC electric field at different SLS glass concentration. The degradation process was speeded up by applying direct current (DC) 85 % of electric field for 12 hours at temperature of 85 °C. A concentration of 2 mol % SLS glass doped ZnO varistor shows the best degradation properties as its nonlinear coefficient has increased by 3.56 %, the breakdown field has increased by 3.85 %, and the leakage current density (JL ) increased by 2.40 % in comparison to its initial value.
Influence of the Material Structure and Properties on the Wear Resistance of Gears with Different Geometries
Authors: Ivanov Sergey L. , Shishkin Pavel
Published: February 2021

The article gives the description of experimental studies on the assessment of changes in the state of gear teeth of a mechanical transmission during tests on a stand with a closed power flow. Data on the gears made of cast iron materials are presented. The strength characteristics of gear wheel materials and their chemical composition are given. Operational life testing of gear sets with various geometries of gearing and made of gray cast was carried out. According to the conducted studies, it is found that by the optimization of the gearing parameters it is possible to increase the gear life by one and a half to two times without switching to more wear-resistant and durable materials. It is experimentally proved that the influence of geometrical parameters of gearing with combined displacement on the durability of gears is comparable with the replacement of material. When replacing the material of gears made of gray cast iron with alloy grades of cast iron, preference should be given to high-alloy wear-resistant cast iron with a surface hardness above average, and the effect of their use can be comparable to the effect of optimizing the gearing parameters.
Mechanical Properties and Mineralogical Composition of Potash Ore as a Factor in Selecting the Processing Method
Authors: Kuskova Yana V. , Lipnitsky Nikita A.
Published: February 2021

The correct selection of technology for processing potash ore depends on its mineralogical composition, the natural size and shape of grains, as well as on the amount and size of halite grains located in the intergranular space of sylvinites. The study of seams and mineralogical and petrographic studies of potash ore were carried out in order to determine the natural size of sylvinite grains, their shape, and the content of halite in the intergranular space.Moreover, the influence of these parameters on the beneficiation ability of the ore using dry cleaning process was determined. In addition, the data on laboratory studies using electric separation is provided in the paper. The results of the provided studies can be used by specialists of the mining industry when considering the influence of the mineral composition, size and shape of grains of potash ore in order to select the separation method at the early stages of development of potash deposits. The study of core material and mechanical properties, mineralogical and petrographic studies together with studies on beneficiation ability of ore presented in the article can be used, for example, in the preparation of a feasibility report.
Rate and Driving Forces of Grain-Boundary Migration in Solid-State Alloys
Authors: Novosadov V.S. , Dadashev R.Kh. , Elimkhanov D.Z. , Dzhambulatov R.S.
Published: February 2021

Based on the interaction of solid and liquid phases in metallic systems, the paper deals with the properties of grain boundary propagation (migration) in solid-state alloys. Using the effect of surface solid-state dispersion enables to obtain composite materials and brazed joints with a required set of physical and mechanical properties. For the first time, the authors investigate the features of boundary migration in type II systems, in which, in accordance with the thermodynamic criterion σss< 2 σSL, the grain-boundary propagation is not basically allowed.
Study of the Composition and Properties of Coatings being Formed during Combustion of Al + B2O3 Mixtures on Steel Substrates
Authors: Shegolev Alexandr , Ishkov Alexey , Malikov Vladimir N.
Published: February 2021

Within the scope of this work, the methods of the experimental research of SHS processes during HFC-heating, particularly of hardening coatings applied on samples by HFC-heating have been developed. A study of the composition and properties of the products formed during the SHS process in the basic mixture on the surface of S355 steel parts during HFC-heating has been made, and it has been shown that aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride (by-product), and amorphous boron are formed under these conditions, and composite porous inhomogeneous coatings up to 250 microns thick, based on aluminum oxide, SHS products in the basic mixture and traces of high-speed HFC-boriding products are formed on the workpiece surface.
Prevalence, pattern and factors associated with problematic phone use among youths in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Amole Taiwo , Agoyi Omeiza , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah
Published: February 2021

Mobile phones have increasingly penetrated our societies with huge benefits accrued from its use. A rapidly growing number of youths are acquiring the cell but the extent to which usage constitutes a problem in their daily lives has not been studied much in northern Nigeria. This study assessed the prevalence, pattern, perceived effect and factors associated with problematic phone use among youths in Kano metropolis. Using a descriptive cross-sectional design, 320 youths aged 15-24 years old who were available on social media sites (Twitter, Facebook and WhatsApp) were studied. A pretested online questionnaire was sent to respondents via the different social media and entries collected for a month. Data was analyzed using SPSS vs 21.0. Majority (N=210; 65.6%) of the study participants were habitual users, while 10.3% (n=33) were problematic users. An additional 10% (n=32) were found to be at risk of problematic phone use. Three quarters of the respondents (n=238; 74.4%) spent five or more hours on their phones per day, more than half (n=175; 54.7%) were awakened at least once in the night and majority (n=230; 71.8%) used their phones in inappropriate situations. Reported symptoms were mainly physical symptoms (n=144; 45.0%) such as headache, ear warmth and injuries. Problematic phone use was not associated with sociodemographic factors, however was associated with excessive usage patterns and reported negative symptoms. There is a relatively high prevalence of problematic phone use with reported physical and social consequences among youths in Kano metropolis. Public health strategies that include parents and families would go a long way to limit excessive use of mobile phones among youths.