bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Commercial Goby Species Populations and Their Harvest in the Tendra Gulf
Authors: Tkachenko P. V.
Published: March 2023

The article deals with dynamics of populations of the commercial gobies (round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814), knout goby Mesogobius batrachocephalus (Pallas, 1814) and grass goby Zosterisessor ophiocephalus (Pallas, 1814)) in the Tendra Bay for the past 30 years. The habitat of knout goby in the open sea 15 km to the south of the Tendra Island was revealed, which is one of the main reserves of the species in the nort-western section of the Black Sea. Dimensional and weight parameters and age structure of the considered species over 1989-2001 in the Tendra Bay and of knout goby in 2019 in the specified locationwere examined; their comparative analysis was carried out.
Spread and Ecomorphological Modifications of Ratan Goby Ponticola ratan (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) in the Dnieper Reservoirs (Ukraine)
Authors: Novitskyi R. O. , Manilo L. G. , Peskov V. M. , Gasso V. Ya.
Published: March 2023

The ratan goby Ponticola ratan (Nordmann, 1840) is known as an inhabitant of the marine and brackish waters of the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov and the Caspian Sea. The paper presents data on its recent records in the freshwaters of Ukraine. The morphological features of the ratan goby in freshwater habitats were studied for the first time. Certain differences in morphological features between specimens from the freshwater and marine populations were revealed, probably reflecting adaptation to new freshwater habitats, characterized by more turbid water and other specter of available food. The records of mature specimens in the Dniprovske and Kaniv Reservoirs indicate its active progression upstream the Dnieper River, which enabled to confirm that the species should be considered both euryhaline and amphidromous. At the same time, low abundance of P. ratan in the Dnieper River enabled to consider its status in the fresh waters of Ukraine not as invasive but alien.
Impact of truncation on absorption spectra in a graphene-based random photonic crystal
Authors: Mahesh Pulimi , Nayak Chittaranjan , Panigrahy Damodar
Published: March 2023

The present study investigates the influence of randomness on achieving multimode broadband and narrowband absorption of graphene-embedded photonic structures. In the first proposed photonic configuration, with a change in randomness parameter, it is possible to achieve single-mode and multimode broadband absorption up to 0.8. This value is further enhanced up to 0.99 by varying the Fermi level to −0.9 eV. The position of absorption peaks can be tuned by varying the thickness of the silicon carbide layer. Further, an investigation is carried out on the influence of adding a defective periodic photonic crystal to the first photonic configuration, which provides a multimode narrowband absorption with a value of up to 0.99, and the strength and location of absorption peaks can be altered to the desired value by changing the graphene Fermi level and the thickness of the silicon carbide layer. Finally, the authors also survey the influence of a magnetic field B on the absorption behaviour of left-handed circularly polarised (LCP) and right-handed circularly polarised (RCP) waves. The results indicate that the full width at half-maximum of absorption peaks expands with the application of a positive magnetic field for LCP waves, whereas it shrinks for RCP waves. This has applications in the design of tunable broadband and narrowband absorbers and sensors.
Carbon Reduction Design Tool for excavation-and-clean-cover remediation
Authors: Hellawell Emma E , Hughes Susan J , Hajializadeh Donya , Cook Sarah , Brinkworth Richard
Published: March 2023

Meeting the 2050 net-zero carbon emission target requires all sectors of civil engineering to include the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (‘carbon emissions’) in their designs. This paper presents the development and early achievements of the Carbon Reduction Design Tool (CReDiT) for excavation-and-clean-cover remediation of brownfield sites. The tool was developed for this remediation technique, as it is the dominant remediation method used on residential redevelopment sites within the UK. CReDiT determines carbon emissions from the complex processes involved in this form of remediation – for example, excavation of soil, use of raw materials, transport of materials, waste and recycling and reuse of materials. The application of the tool, to evaluate carbon emissions from excavation-and-cover remediation options applied to a former landfill site, is presented. In this case study, CReDiT quantifies carbon emissions and material volumes for proposed design options. It also demonstrates the carbon dioxide savings that can be made by the effective reuse of material on-site and the contribution of waste materials to carbon emissions. Additional carbon dioxide savings through the reuse or recycling of carbon dioxide rich or valuable materials are also calculated. The use of CReDiT has led to a rethink of remediation excavation-and-cover design. Excavated/waste materials are re-evaluated as a resource, material reuse options are assessed and carbon reduction is included in the design process. This leads to more sustainable remediation solutions.
Exploring barriers to effective safety risk assessment in Indian construction projects
Authors: Chellappa Vigneshkumar , Salve Urmi Ravindra
Published: March 2023

Risk assessment (RA) is a critical process that can help avoid costly incidents. However, RA is usually undertaken incorrectly due to lack of construction experience. This study aimed to understand the challenges that users face during RA and users’ viewpoints to improve RA quality in the Indian construction sector. A mixed-methods approach was adopted to elicit the perspectives of safety heads (users) participating in Indian construction projects. The results show that the users faced six challenges during RA, including identifying significant hazards and steps involved in each activity and selecting control measures. The users’ requirements were gathered to facilitate future RA processes. As a guide, the results of this study can be used by construction organisations to make an informed RA method.
Hittite correlatives are paratactic
Authors: Motter Thomas Clarence
Published: March 2023

This paper argues that correlative constructions in Hittite are paratactically structured. The relative clause is essentially a clausal hanging topic, sitting at the left edge of the main clause in linear juxtaposition without actually being an integrated part of it, syntactically speaking. I defend this claim in two stages. First, I argue that correlatives in Hittite are base-generated in their left-edge position rather than derived through movement (as advocated for Hindi by, e.g., Bhatt 2003). I adduce as evidence the fact that the main clause correlate appears to be simply a discourse anaphor and need not even be present in the construction; these observations are incompatible with a movement-based derivation that generates the relative clause as a modifier of the correlate. There is also evidence for a lack of locality effects. The second part of my claim, that Hittite correlatives are not syntactically integrated, differs from most base-generation accounts of correlatives, which take correlatives to be clausal adjuncts. I support my position with parallels to hanging topics and peripheral adverbials (Haegeman 2012) and with examples of intervening non-subordinate clauses, and I offer some comments on why syntactic adjunction is less well suited to the Hittite situation. I also show that Segmented Discourse Representation Theory (Asher & Lascarides 2003) accommodates these structures, including some notably non- canonical ones, in a simple and principled way.
Relación entre factores psicosociales y la calidad del servicio en instituciones educativas
Authors: Araujo Dorado Luis Alberto , Plaza Gómez María Trinidad , Hernández Riaño Helman
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre los riesgos psicosociales como el síndrome de burnout y la adaptación a los cambios mediante la resiliencia presente en los docentes y la percepción de los estudiantes en la calidad del servicio educativo en el departamento de Córdoba (Colombia). Método: La investigación fue de tipo cuantitativa, de cohorte transversal y análisis de relaciones. Se contó con la participación de 239 docentes y 737 estudiantes, distribuidos en 20 instituciones de los municipios escogidos. Los instrumentos utilizados para medir las variables fueron: MBI-ES correspondiente al inventario de burnout de Maslach para docentes, CD RISC-10 instrumento para medir resiliencia y SERVQUAL utilizado para medir la calidad del servicio. Para determinar la relación entre las variables se planteó un modelo general, utilizando la técnica de análisis de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM). Resultados: Los hallazgos evidencian que los altos niveles de resiliencia en los docentes están relacionados con bajos niveles de síndrome de burnout y altos niveles de calidad percibida por sus estudiantes, demostrando que si existe relación entre las variables y aceptando el modelo planteado. Conclusiones: La relación de las variables estudiadas juga un papel importante al momento de precisar la condición en la que está el trabajador e inspeccionar si tiene efectos directos hacia la atención al cliente; esto tambien ayuda a explorar nuevos factores que puedan tener incidencia en el lugar de trabajo de los docentes repercutiendo en cierta medida en la realización de sus actividades.
Olcsai Gaál András (?–1742) hagyatéka (1717–1777)
Authors: Hegyi Ádám
Published: March 2023

Olcsai Gaál András református esperes, makói lelkipásztor könyvtára nem maradt fenn. Egykori bibliotékájáról egy hagyatéki perből értesülünk, amelyet fia kezdeményezett 1777-ben. A periratokból csak az derül ki, hogy a könyvek körülbelül 300,- Ft-ot értek, és a 18. század során Makón – Debrecenben – Hajdúszoboszlón – Gyomán és ismét Hajdúszoboszlón tárolták a köteteket. Olcsai életrajzi adatai alapján sikerült bebizonyítani, hogy könyveit 1717 és 1718  között Franekerben szerezte be. A gyűjtemény jelentőségét az adja, hogy nagy valószínűséggel a katolikus egyház elleni hitvitákhoz szükséges irodalom volt benne megtalálható. Mivel a szakirodalom a Dél-Alföldön eddig nem tudott református lelkipásztori könyvtár létezéséről, a hagyatéki per az első olyan adat, amely egy ilyen könyvtár fennállásáról tudósít.
Egy, a bódvaszilasi plébánián fellelt papi szemináriumi tankönyvről
Authors: Koleszár Krisztián
Published: March 2023

A Bódva-völgyi római katolikus plébániák könyvgyűjteményeinek sorsa meglehetősen esetlegesen alakult az elmúlt századokban. Korai nyomtatványokkal aligha számolhatunk, miután legtöbbször csak a 18. század első felére történik meg a plébániák visszavétele a reformátusoktól. Azonban a 19. századra már helyben rendelkezésre állhat egy kisebb-nagyobb könyvgyűjtemény, függően persze a mindenkori plébános igényeitől és lehetőségeitől.

Radlinszky István 1859-ben nyomtatott, lelkipásztorkodás témájú tankönyve azért érdekes számunkra, mert emléke egy Bódvaszilashoz kötődő plébánosnak azzal, hogy magán viseli a rozsnyói teológushallgató(k) egykori használatának nyomait.
Comparison of R134a and R516A’s Performance at Different Air Velocities in Two Evaporator Ejector Cooling System
Authors: İŞKAN Ümit , KAHRAMAN Mahmut Cüneyt , DİREK Mehmet
Published: March 2023

This study aims experimentally to investigate the performance parameters of R134a and the alternative R516A refrigerant in two evaporator ejector cooling system (DEES) at different air velocities of evaporator#1. Firstly, the tests were carried out with R134a refrigerant under steady-state conditions at different air velocities and then repeated with low GWP R516A refrigerant. As the tests were carried out with R134a, higher cooling capacity was achieved at different air velocity values. When the air velocity value was 1.1, 1.7, 2.2, and 2.7 m s-1, the COP value obtained from the tests with R134a was 1%, 2%, 5%, and 4% higher than R516A, respectively. Additionally, test results illustrate that the higher air velocity contributed to increasing performance parameters, however air velocity higher than 2.2 m s-1 had a slight effect. The study concluded that R516A performance values are slightly lower than R134a performance and can be alternatively used as a refrigerant in vapor compression refrigeration (VCR) systems.
HTTM : Illumina libraries v1
Authors: Champie Antoine
Published: March 2023

Part three of the HTTM protocol. A low-cost and high-throughput Tn-seq protocol. This part cover the preparation of Illumina sequencing libraries form genomic DNA.
Ancient DNA extract purification (chunk samples/high volume) v2
Authors: Keller Marcel
Published: March 2023

Protocol for the purification of extracts, modified from Dabney et al. (2013) PNAS (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1314445110).
Experience with nusinersen as a pathogenetic therapy in adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy 5q in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Umutbaev S. V. , Murzabaeva L. Sh. , Kutlubaev M. A. , Shishigin A. V. , Sharipov T. N. , Sayfullina E. V. , Мagzhanov R. V.
Published: March 2023

Background. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) affects 1 in 11,000 people. Until 2016, this was considered an incurable disease, but after the approval of nusinersen, the situation has changed. The efficacy of nusinersen therapy is also known in adult patients, although research is limited due to the majority of studies in infants and children. Nusinersen has been included in the list of “Vital and Essential Medicines” since 2021.

Aim. To analyze the experience of using nusinersen as a pathogenetic therapy for patients over 18 years of age with SMA 5q in the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Materials and methods. We examined eight patients receiving pathogenetic therapy with nusinersen (SMA type 2 – 34.5 %, SMA type 3 – 65.5 %). The Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE) and the Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM) were used for evaluating the effectiveness of therapy.

Results. The median increase on the HFMSE scale was +2 points (7.5, with the initial 5.5) and on the RULM scale – +4.5 points (17 points, with the initial 12.5). Clinically, this was expressed in an increase in muscle strength, an increase in daily activity; a decrease in bulbar, respiratory and vegetative disorders can also be noted. Subjectively, positive dynamics was noted in the increase in working capacity, improvement of the emotional background.

Conclusion. The use of the drug nusinersen in adult patients with SMA 5q in some cases provides clinical improvement. The presence of an “overall response” is defined as clinically significant change in one assessed measure of motor function.
Modern approaches to classification of adenomyosis
Authors: Yarmolinskaya Maria I. , Shalina Maria A. , Nagorneva Stanislava V.
Published: March 2023

This article presents a modern review of the main classifications of adenomyosis based on the clinical course, the prevalence of the pathological process, the results of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, and histological verification. The analysis is based on domestic and foreign literature, federal clinical recommendations, and results of our own research. Despite the large number of different classifications of the disease, there are still shortcomings noted in this review. Based on the available rubricators, we emphasized the need to create a classification of adenomyosis with an assessment of the clinical picture, genetic and molecular profiles, the results of non-invasive assessment methods, and a correlation with the histological conclusion. A unified classification would solve many problems in scientific and practical activities for accurate and early diagnosis of adenomyosis, identification of risk groups for patients with an aggressive course of the pathological process, selection of reasonable recommendations, and timely appointment of pathogenetic therapy.
Some Like it Quiet
Authors: Dean Will
Published: March 2023

This article is a description of using a heatmap technique to study how patrons use different spaces in a health sciences library at a large, urban research university.
Objective: This method is used to identify preferred seating locations within the library.
Approach: This method involves counting where patrons are situated in the library at different times of the day, at different times of the year, and using that data to generate heat maps.
Data type(s) used: The data consisted of locations and counts of patrons around the library at different time points.
Strengths: Provides a granular look at space use in the library.
Limitations: It is difficult to know why patrons prefer different sections of the library.
Median to ulnar nerve comparison on diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy : A neurophysiological study
Authors: Alemdar Murat
Published: March 2023

Background and purpose – To analyze the utility of median nerve (MN) to ulnar nerve (UN) comparative parameters on the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in diabetic patients with distal symmetrical sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSMPNP). Methods – Patients who were referred to our electroneuromyography laboratory within the last two years were included. We compared the diagnostic accuracy values of traditional MN conduction parameters, and the MN-to-UN comparative tests on electrodiagnosis of CTS between the patients with DSMPNP involving the nerves of upper and lower extremities (UEI-positive group), and the ones without the involvement of upper extremities (UEI-negative group). Results – There were 64 upper extremities in the UEI-positive group and 70 patients in the UEI-negative group. The most accurate traditional parameter was MN distal motor latency (DML) with a diagnostic accuracy of 70.2% whereas the most accurate comparative technique was the second lumbricalinterosseous DML difference (2L-INT DMLD) with an accuracy of 81.3%. (p=0.03). In addition, when compared diagnostic accuracy values of MN parameters with their corresponding comparative parameters in the UEI-positive group which carries the major diagnostic challenges for detecting co-morbid CTS, MN to UN minimum F wave latency (mFWL) difference, SNAP amplitude ratio on the ring finger (RF), and 2L-INT DMLD had higher accuracy values than MN mFWL, MN SNAP amplitude on RF, and MN DML on lumbrical muscle, respectively (p<0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusion – MN to UN comparative studies have high accuracy values in electrodiagnosis of CTS in DSMPNP. In particular, 2L-INT DMLD could be helpful to overcome the diagnostic difficulty in the presence of UEI as an additional conduction technique.
Isolated MPPT, CC, CV Solar Battery Charger Design and Application
Authors: ÖZKUR Görkem , YEŞİLYURT Hüseyin
Published: March 2023

With the rapid increase in energy consumption, the production and storage of solar energy from renewable energy sources has become a important subject. The problem of low-efficiency energy transfer from the solar panel has been overcome with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method and algorithms. In this study, an isolated MPPT, constant current (CC), constant voltage (CV) solar battery charging circuit with perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is proposed. Three different modes (MPPT, CC, CV) work together in the proposed solar battery charging circuit. Panel and battery current-voltage values are constantly measured by the microcontroller, and according to these values, the algorithm determines which mode the circuit will operate in. The converter is constantly trying to transfer maximum power to the battery in every mode it operates. The CC and CV modes in the converter also try to achieve maximum power continuously and quickly, and their algorithms are much easier and simpler than traditional PID controls. Another advantage of the algorithm is that it has a direct transition between modes, thanks to its fast response in terms of efficiency and protection. After changing the duty (D) in any mode, it is checked whether it is necessary to switch to the other two modes without returning to the beginning. Theoretical analyzes have been verified by the application of a battery charging circuit with 120 W output power, 12 V output voltage and 10 A output current.
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Derived with LGlutamic Acid and L-Aspartic Acid
Authors: TAŞKOR ÖNEL Gülce
Published: March 2023

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biocompatible, biodegradable polymer approved by the FDA and EMA, which is the most widely used in the field of health. In this study, PLGA was synthesized primarily from lactide and glycolide by polycondensation and ring-opening polymerization. Then, amino acid derivatives of PLGA were synthesized by the reaction of PLGA and amino acids in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC). The polymers synthesized were PLGA, PLGA-L-glutamic acid (PLGA-G), and PLGA-L-aspartic acid (PLGA-A). The chemical structure of these polymers was confirmed by 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). When the 13C NMR analyses of PLGA-amino acid derivatives were observed, an increase in the number of carbonyl carbons around 170 ppm was found and the structure accuracy was supported. In addition, when the FTIR analyses of PLGA-amino acid derivatives were examined, the structure was confirmed by observing the signal of the amide bond carbonyl vibration at 1700 cm-1. While the typical endothermic thermogram of the PLGA-amino acid derivative structures was observed by DSC analysis, it was shown that the structures were low molecular weight polymers [~5000-6000 Da] by GPC analysis.
Effects of Normal Load and Sliding Distance on the Dry Sliding Wear Characteristics of Invar-36 Superalloy
Authors: KANCA Yusuf
Published: March 2023

In the present study, the wear and friction behavior of Fe-based Invar-36 superalloy was investigated against an alumina ball under various sliding distances (25, 50, 75 and 100 m) and normal loads (5, 15 and 25 N) using a ball-on-disk tribometer. The worn surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and 2D-profilometry. The experimental results show that the coefficient of friction (COF) of Invar-36 (0.37-0.51) significantly decreased with increasing normal load, with a minimum value at 25 N. On the other hand, a slight increase in friction coefficient was observed with increasing sliding distance. Moreover, the wear volume of Invar-36 (ranged from 2.63 to 157.17×10-3 mm3) was observed to increase with increasing normal load and sliding distance. The specific wear rate found a constant increase from 1.98-2.99×10-5 to 6.33-11.45×10-5 mm3/Nm at increasing normal loads. On the contrary, the wear rate was gradually reduced when the sliding distance was increased especially at higher applied loads, due to the densification process. In addition, the wear mechanism was complex, including oxidation, adhesion and abrasion and plastic deformation, became more intense as the normal load or the number of sliding cycles was increased.
Mental health status and its correlates among people living with HIV/AIDS in a tertiary care center of West Bengal
Authors: Islam Shahinoor , Das Sulagna , Naga Dinobandhu , Taraphdar Pranita
Published: March 2023

Background: People with mental disorders experience disproportionately higher rates of disability and mortality. Bidirectional link between mental illness and HIV/AIDS accelerates the disease progression, reduces willingness to access health care, promotes high risk behavior, leads to low medication adherence, and ultimately results in poor disease outcome. The present study was conducted with the objectives to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) attending anti-retroviral therapy (ART) clinic at Burdwan medical college and hospital and to find out the association if any, between sociodemographic characteristics and CMD among the study population.
Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among 410 adult PLWHA, selected through systematic random sampling, registered at ART clinic of Burdwan medical college and hospital, West Bengal during October 2022 to February 2023. Interview of each study subject, with a pre-designed, pre-tested, semi-structured schedule was done to obtain socio-demographic characteristics and CMD was assessed using WHO’s self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ)-20. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to predict the factors associated with CMD. Data were analysed using SPSS v23. 
Results: Prevalence of CMD was 30.2% among PLWHA attending ART clinic. In univariate logistic regression, female gender, persons not living with partner (un-married, widow/widower, divorced/separated), current smoker, pre-ART cases and persons with WHO stage 3 disease were found to be significantly associated with presence of CMD. But in multivariable logistic regression, persons not living with partner [AOR 2.114 (95% CI: 1.228-3.641)] and pre-ART cases [AOR 8.909 (95% CI: 4.770-16.640)] were remained statistically significant.
Conclusions: Screening and treating the PLWHA suffering from CMD, should be considered to be an integral part of HIV care, support and treatment at the primary level.
A comparative study on short term outcome of Karydakis versus Limberg procedure for pilonidal sinus
Authors: Kanthan Anandan , . Hariprasad , Bhaskaran Shree Venkatesan
Published: March 2023

Background: Pilonidal sinus disease is a common chronic disease occurring in the natal cleft of the sacrococcygeal region and is common among young adults. It is characterized by inflammation, abscess and sinus formation. It is accepted that pilonidal sinus results from the penetration of shed hair shafts through the skin. there is no consensus about treatment of pilonidal sinus disease. Some procedures include shaving, phenol application, treatment with crystallised phenol, incision and curettage, unroofing and curettage, excision with primary closure, excision with marsupialization, vey flap reconstruction, Bascom procedure, Limberg flap reconstruction, modified Limberg flap reconstruction, Karydakis flap reconstruction, modified Karydakis flap reconstruction and musculocutaneous flap reconstruction are some of the treatments for pilonidal disease. We compared the short-term outcome of Karydakis procedure and Limberg flap surgery at MMC, Chennai
Methods: Prospective study-> period of 12 months from April 2020 to March 2021 was done in our hospital. 110 patients undergoing surgery for pilonidal sinus at MMC Chennai who fulfilled the criteria were included in the study. Patients were divided in two groups of 55 each into KP and LFS.
Results: MLF has shorter duration of hospital stay and lesser workdays loss as compared to KP. No significant difference in two procedures in view of wound infection and post op pain.
Conclusions: In this study, no significant difference was found between the surgical techniques in terms of post-operative pain and wound infection. MLF procedure achieves shorter return-to-work time when compared to KP.
Study of histopathological pattern of endometrium in abnormal uterine bleeding in a tertiary care center
Authors: Shinde Pratibha T. , Sarate Dilip S. , Patil Suwarna B. , Patil Bhupendra V. , Kangate Swarada V.
Published: March 2023

Background: It is estimated that 9-30% of women of reproductive age suffer from abnormal uterine bleeding. As most cases are associated with anovulatory menstrual cycles, adolescent and perimenopausal women are particularly vulnerable to this particular condition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological pattern of endometrial biopsy from patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding.
Methods: The retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology in tertiary care centre from 1st January 2021 to 31 December 2022. All the patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding and who underwent endometrial biopsy were included in this study. Distribution of various histopathological patterns was observed in the different age groups.
Results: A total of 260 cases were included in the study. The commonest pattern in these patients was proliferative endometrium (31 %) and products of conception (31%), hyperplasia without atypia (13.7%). Other patterns identified were secretory endometrium, chronic endometritis, endometrial polyp, complete mole, partial mole, and Ca endometrium.
Conclusions: As observed from the study, there is an age specific association of endometrial bleeding, with highest incidence in 21-30 years of age group. Hence, dilatation and curettage are helpful for diagnosis, to assess therapeutic response and to know the pathological incidence of organic lesions in cases of abnormal uterine bleeding.
Study of the prescription pattern of anti-depressants in a tertiary care hospital: a prospective observational study
Authors: Kulkarni Vishal A. , Baig Mirza S. , Deshpande Prasad
Published: March 2023

Background: One of the most important public health priorities are psychiatric disorders. Prescribing medications play a crucial role in providing good health care. Therefore, there is a need to understand prescription patterns at regular intervals.
Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study conducted at the psychiatry department OPD of Government Medical College, Aurangabad (Maharashtra, India) from January 2021 to June 2022. Records of prescriptions were collected from the hospital management information system.
Results: N=417 prescriptions were analysed. The male: female ratio was 1.25. Among total prescriptions analysed, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were the most prescribed drug class (32.18%) followed by benzodiazepines (25.19%) and atypical antipsychotics (19.97%). Drugs prescribed as fixed dose combinations (FDC) were 2.10%. Most of the patients received polytherapy in which most patients constituted of two drug therapy (46.28%) and 34.53% of patients received monotherapy. In the patients managed by monotherapy, SSRIs were the most prescribed (29.16%), followed by atypical anti-psychotics (26.38%) and benzodiazepines (24.30%). Prescriptions with generic names were 93.12%. The average number of drugs per encounter was 1.88. Drugs prescribed from the essential drugs list (India) were 41.66%. Drugs prescribed from the essential medicines list (WHO) were 47%. The total number of prescriptions with injections 0.23%.
Conclusions: Prescribing patterns were according to the WHO-DUS parameters. Most patients were prescribed generic medicines. SSRIs, benzodiazepines and tricyclic antidepressants were the most prescribed drug class.
Morphometeric study of dens and its clinical importance
Authors: Yousuf Syed Mubashir , Gulzar Shameema , Itoo Mohd Saleem , Khan Mudasir Ahmad
Published: March 2023

Background: The axis vertebra's distinguishing characteristic is the existence of the odontoid process. The axis vertebra's morphology is very different from the morphologies of the other cervical vertebrae. Surgery on the axis vertebrae is exceedingly risky, and dens of axis vertebrae fractures are fairly common. As a result, it is essential to have a good grasp of the anatomical variance before performing the procedure. The study aimed to evaluate the morphometric parameters of the odontoid process of the axis vertebra. The different anatomical parameters of the odontoid process of the vertebra will be measured and compared with the previously studied parameters.
Methods: Thirty dried human axis vertebrae of unknown sex will be taken. The linear and angular morphometric measurements of odontoid process will be recorded by using vernier caliper and goniometer.
Results: The mean height, a-p diameter, and minimum and maximum width were 15.8mm, 10.7mm, 10.3mm and 8.5mm respectively. The total height and vertical angle were 38.1mm and 52.2 degrees respectively.
Conclusions: To prevent damage to vital components and to help treat dens fractures, the information gleaned from this study may be helpful to surgeons working around the dens of the axis vertebra.
An interesting case of genital infantile hemangioma
Authors: Mahmood Shafqat , Naeem Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Vascular lesions are commonly seen in newborns. They may be present at birth or appear in the days, weeks or months that follow. Most are benign and self-limiting but rarely they may be part of complex syndromes or systemic disorders, or they may be associated with complications requiring treatment. This is a case of a 2-month-old baby presenting with an Infantile hemangioma in the genital region.
Osteosarcoma: a fluid cytologic diagnosis
Authors: T. Mitila , Priya Asokan Lakshmi , Chander Vimal
Published: March 2023

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor characterized by the formation of disorganized immature bone or osteoid tissue from mesenchymal tumor cells. It most commonly occurs in the appendicular skeleton involving the metaphysis of long bones. It is the third most common cancer in adolescence with an annual incidence of 5.6 cases per million children under the age of 15 years. Giant cell-rich osteosarcoma (GCRO) is an exceedingly rare histological variant of conventional primary osteosarcoma. It constitutes about 1%-3% of all osteosarcomas. A 20-year-old male presented with the complaints of pain and swelling over the right knee. Examination revealed a tender 15×10×8 cm swelling palpable on the distal femur. Radiological investigations showed features suggesting right femoral osteosarcoma in the meta-epiphyseal region. A core needle biopsy from the lesion was performed and 15 ml of fluid obtained from the biopsy site was sent for cytological examination, which showed features suggestive of osteosarcoma. Biopsy showed features of osteosarcoma probably of giant cell rich type confirming the fluid cytology findings. Cell block preparation also revealed giant cell predominance. Osteosarcoma is a bone tumor found in areas of rapid bone turnover, most commonly the distal femur and proximal tibia of adolescent patients. Cytology plays a vital role in diagnosing bone tumors, being a rapid, easy, and minimally invasive outpatient department procedure. Histopathology, since it gives a complete architectural pattern of tissue, remains the gold standard diagnostic tool.
Atypical chest pain with non-specific ST changes: an incidental finding of myocardial bridge without flow limiting coronary lesion
Authors: Saha Somesh , Guha Roy Aakash , Mondal Ritwick
Published: March 2023

Myocardial bridging is a developmental anomaly characterized by intramural course of a short segment of epicardial coronary artery which mostly remains silent in the initial few decades of life. A 42 years old male non diabetic, hypertensive on single regime therapy presented with atypical chest pain for the last two hours. Serial 12 lead ECGs on an interval of half-hour showing nonspecific dynamic ST changes in lead II, III and aVF suggesting of inferior wall changes with negative bio markers like troponin-T and troponin-I. Coronary angiography reveals myocardial bridge in mid segment of left anterior descending artery (LAD). Considering superficial type of bridging in this case, a conservative management strategy was planned accordingly. Physicians should be more vigilant on possibilities of underlying myocardial bridging as a major differential in emergency scenarios with low suspicion of atherosclerosis but with a picture equivalent to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Myocardial bridge carries a wide array of complications depending on variabilities like depth of tunnelling, collapsibility, loss of wall sheer stress and vasospastic changes. Hence it needs to be promptly diagnosed with immediate treatment.
An evidence based review on effect of oral motor therapy on feeding in preterm infants
Authors: Jani Priyaben , Verma Neha
Published: March 2023

Present study was done to know the effect of Oral Motor Therapy on preterm infants for feeding and related issues. Most preterm infants have low body weight, immature brain development, sucking and swallowing problems, and decreased oral motor ability, which affects infants' growth and normal development. Oral Motor Therapies are used to increase functional strength and control of movement for feeding, to promote the onset of oral feeding, and to improve oral feeding performance. The study started with the search articles on Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Cochrane and PubMed with keywords in range of year 2012-2023. 250 articles were found from the sources. 46 articles were studied which were related to aim of the study. From all of them 10 articles were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria. All the articles suggested improvement in all the post intervention outcomes which showed clinical significance of the Oral Motor Therapy. The study hereby concluded that Oral Motor Therapy is useful in preterm infants for feeding initiation and progression, weight gain as well as in dysphagia rehabilitation and reduced hospital stay.
Exposure to respirable dust and factors associated with abnormal pulmonary function among stone diggers in Kayole quarries, Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Fredah Wanjiku , Warutere Peterson , Nyambura Anthony W.
Published: March 2023

Background: In Kenya, the quarry industry suffers several constraints: some quarry workers get injured, others get chronic diseases, while some die. This study assessed occupational exposure to respirable dust and factors associated with abnormal pulmonary function among quarry stone diggers in Mihang’o and Matopeni quarries in Kayole Nairobi City County, Kenya.
Methods: The study was done in Mihang’o and Matopeni quarries. An analytical cross-sectional design was used and a sample size of 165 respondents was taken. An interviewer administered semi structured questionnaire. Spirometry tests were done by a qualified technician to assess pulmonary function. Respirable dust levels were determined with the aid of a particle counter. Descriptive statistics like frequency, means were used to summarize data and results were presented in frequency tables and graphs. Chi square tests and logistic regression were done. T tests were done to compare the means of dust levels in the two quarries.
Results: This study found the daily mean levels of PM2.5 and PM10 were higher than the levels recommended by WHO. The age of the respondents, presence of respiratory symptoms, years of work experience, nostril covering, and smoking were factors associated with abnormal pulmonary function at (p≤0.05).
Conclusions: In conclusion, chronic exposure to quarry dust increases the risk of developing respiratory symptoms and abnormal pulmonary function. This study recommended that routine particulate matter monitoring should be done in Nairobi quarries to provide data that can inform decisions on air pollution control actions.
A cross sectional study on health status of adolescents in urban field practice area of tertiary care hospital in central India
Authors: Nimje Ashish T. , Gawande Avinash V. , Narlawar Uday W. , Padole Wandana H.
Published: March 2023

Background: Adolescence is defined by WHO as the age group of 10-19 years. In India, adolescents (10-19 years) constitute about 21.4 percent of the population, comprising one fifth of the total population. Adolescents are apparently healthy people but they may also have various kinds of problems. If they are to reach adulthood in a healthy state, then it’s necessary to analyze the common health problems prevalent in this age-group so that targeted and concerted services could be provided to them. Objective of current study was to assess the health status of adolescents in urban field practice area of tertiary care hospital in Central India.
Methods: A community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in urban field practice area of Government Medical College and Hospital Nagpur. House to house survey was conducted among 330 adolescents out of which 214 (64.84%) were male and 116 (35.16%) were female.
Results: In present study most common morbidity found was dandruff in 127 (38.48%) adolescents followed by acne vulgaris in 102 (30.90%). Anemia was present in 52 (15.75%) of study subjects. Out of 237 morbid study subject, 114 (48.10%) study subjects had single morbidity followed by 2 and 3 morbidities in 52 (21.94%) and 63 (26.59%) respectively. About 8 (3.37%) study subjects had more than 3 morbidities.
Conclusions: The present study shows that adolescents experience various health problems. Predominant morbidities observed in study subjects are dandruff (pityriasis capitis), acne vulgaris, anaemia, dental carries.
A non-surgical conservative management of congenital dacryostenosis
Authors: Srivastava Namrata , Dwivedi P. N. , Sadiya Haleema
Published: March 2023

Background: Congenital canaliculus stenosis often occurs in about 25-30% of all new born. In many cases, a narrowing of the Nasolacrimal duct can be seen due to a persistent of Hasner membrane. Conservative treatment begins with lacrimal sac massage in the first month of life. This study was conducted to determine non-surgical conservative treatment for congenital lacrimal stenosis in infants and young children. Study design: prospective observational study. The settings are the “Satya eye hospital and research institute”, Kanpur UP from December 2015 to October 2017.
Methods: Nasal sac massage (Crigler massage) with or without topical antibiotics was recommended for 281 children less than 10 months of age diagnosed with congenital canaliculus stenosis. Resolution of lacrimal stenosis was assessed at 4 and 7 months and was defined as the absence of any clinical signs of NLDO. At 7 months, at visits, 244 eyes (83%) of 281 patients showed conservative treatment.
Results: Conservative treatment of CNLD with Crigler massage was successful in most cases treated in 281 (84%) of 335 eyes with congenital canaliculus stenosis. The remaining 54 (16%) eyes were examined. Age (p=0.001) and unilaterality (p=0.001) were found to be associated with the loss of clinical signs.
Conclusions: In this study, we conclude that nonsurgical conservative treatment has a high overall success rate for congenital canaliculus stenosis and that this form of treatment can be considered one of the best options in infants and young children.
Sleep quality index among the elderly population in selected areas of Delhi: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sandooja Chirag , Panda Manasi , Kumar Vinod , Kishore Jugal
Published: March 2023

Background: Studies have shown that effects of low sleep quality can include cognitive decline, sleepiness during the day, and decreased quality of life. Problems with sleep have also been associated with an increased risk of hospitalization and increased mortality. Therefore, the present study was envisaged to assess the sleep quality index and the factors associated with it among the elderly.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in rural and urban setting of Delhi. We selected 115 participants in each area using systematic random sampling. We used a semi structured questionnaire and validated sleep quality index to collect the data.
Results: In the present study, only 41 (17.8%) out of 230 individuals were having normal sleep quality and 189 out of 230 individuals were having poor sleep quality. 105 (55.5%) in the rural area (Fatehpur Beri), and 84 (44.5%) in the urban area (Aliganj) were having poor sleep quality respectively. In the rural area, taking sleeping pills and depression were significantly associated with higher scores of sleep quality index.
Conclusions: Poor sleep quality was found in 82.2% of elderly participants which was associated with a rural locality, depression, and not taking sleep pills. There is a need to start a sleep hygiene program for the elderly population, particularly in rural area.
Comparison of orthopedic trauma patterns in geriatric patients during COVID-19 pandemic led lockdown and non-lockdown periods
Authors: Singh Arpit , Roy Shubhajeet , Singh Vaishali , Mohan Ravindra , Shantanu Kumar , Agarwal Abhishek , Kushwaha Narendra Singh , Kumar Abhishek , Srivastava Devesh , Gupta Shikhar S.
Published: March 2023

Background: Lockdown had hindered persons’ ability to engage in regular physical activity. Our study analysed bone trauma patients who visited the orthopedic department based on the mode of injury, kind of extremity involved, and the bone implicated.
Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients visiting the orthopedic surgery department of a North Indian tertiary health care centre. Patient data was recorded from the case sheets.
Results: A total of 792 patients’ data was collected, out of which 250 patients were those of during lockdown, and 542 patients were of non-lockdown phase. During the lockdown phase, the patients who have undergone RTA were 37 (14.8%), those admitted for domestic trauma were 128 (51.2%), and those for miscellaneous causes were 85 (34%). During the non-lockdown phase, RTA were 145 (26.739%), domestic were 318 (58.608%) and miscellaneous were 79 (14.652%). During lockdown, the site of injury was upper limb in 59 patients, lower limb in 154 patients, vertebrae in 37 patients. In the non-lockdown phase, the upper limb was injured in 95 patients, lower limb in 377 patients, vertebrae in 52 patients and hip bone in 17 patients. Femur was the most affected bone.
Conclusions: There was a decrease in the number of instances during the lockdown. During both the periods, the majority of geriatric patients were from rural areas. Domestic trauma cases were most prevalent in the older age range, and the most common extremity implicated appeared to be the lower limb, with the femur being the most involved bone in both stages.
Use of a participatory learning appraisal tool in AIDS awareness programme
Authors: Khandre Ruchita R. , Bansod Vaishali P. , Kulkarni Shraddha S. , Banginwar Ashish S. , Chavhan Pawan N.
Published: March 2023

The Participatory Learning Appraisal (PLA) is an effective tool for engaging audiences in health awareness campaigns, as it can provide insight into the community's existing knowledge and misconceptions, as well as provide opportunities to conduct health activities with active community participation. We celebrated "World AIDS Day" at UHTC (Urban Health Training Centre) with health education using the PLA tool "Rating and Ranking." The use of the PLA tool turned a basic awareness session into an interesting learning process. Positive feedback from this activity motivates the facilitator to conduct health education programmes on various topics by using different innovative tools in an interesting way to enhance the active participation of the audience.