bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative evaluation of palatal bone thickness to guide miniscrews insertion: a CBCT assessment
Authors: Santiago Rodrigo César , De Sá Werneck Carolina , Ramos de Faria Fernanda , Willer Farinazzo Vitral Robert , Da Silva Campos Marcio José
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The use of mini-implants has become common in orthodontic practice as it has increased the possibility of skeletal anchorage. The palate constitutes a site of choice for the insertion of miniscrews purposes because it is a site with relatively safety with appropriate bone thickness and less suitability for inflammation. Aim: To quantitatively evaluate the thickness of the palatal bone for miniscrews insertion. Material and Methods: Forty-seven sets of cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images were selected. The sample consisted of cone beam computed tomography from 47 patients (20 male, 27 female; mean age 22.4 years old/± 3.01 years). Palatal bone thickness (PBT) was measured in millimeters (mm) with 5 regions of interest (ROIs) which were determined used the coronal reconstructions of the patatal area: 4, 6, 8 and 10 mm posterior to the incisive foramen were evaluated. A total of 940 ROIs were evaluated. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed for PBT between various palatal sections (p<.01). The thickest area (6.31-7.03 mm) was found in the anterior part of the palate. The mean bone thicknesses in the 6, 8 and 10 mm sections were significantly less than those observed at 4 mm from the incisive foramen. Conclusions: The thickness of the palatal bone is progressively thinner from the palatine foramen to the posterior region. Transversally, the bone was thicker in the palatine suture than in paramedian areas, mainly in the coronal reconstructions located more laterally.
Relato de experiência: abordagem multidisciplinar na anemia aplástica – desenvolvimento de um modelo de assistência ambulatorial
Authors: Ferreira Adriana Aparecida , Vieira Camila Mariana de Araújo Silva , Wagner Débora , Reis Flávio Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

Introdução: A anemia aplástica é uma doença hematológica rara, que cursa com alta morbidade e mortalidade. O tratamento é definido pela idade do paciente, classificação da gravidade, comorbidades existentes e disponibilidade de um doador compatível para transplante de células progenitoras hematopoiéticas. A assistência a esses pacientes é complexa, tanto pela raridade da condição, quanto pela seriedade das manifestações, e pode ser aprimorada pela atuação de uma equipe multidisciplinar, visando a atenção integral à saúde desses indivíduos. Objetivo: Descrever o trabalho de uma equipe multidisciplinar no atendimento ambulatorial a pacientes com anemia aplástica em um hospital universitário. Relato de Experiência: A partir de março de 2016 o serviço de hematologia de um hospital universitário reorganizou o ambulatório de aplasias, propondo realizar consultas médicas, coleta e avaliação de exames laboratoriais e transfusões, todos nas dependências da instituição e no mesmo dia da semana, diminuindo a necessidade de visitas dos pacientes a múltiplos serviços de saúde. Desde então, 32 pacientes da Zona da Mata mineira e do Campo das Vertentes foram incluídos nesse modelo de seguimento clínico, com baixo índice de absenteísmo nos atendimentos propostos. Conforme demandas apresentadas pelos pacientes ou percebidas pelos médicos, o ambulatório de aplasias passou a oferecer, além do atendimento rotineiro das equipes de enfermagem e da agência transfusional, avaliação dos serviços de psicologia, odontologia, nutrição, fisioterapia, serviço social e referências a outras especialidades médicas. Conclusão: A abordagem multidisciplinar empregada busca melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, fortalecendo sua relação com os profissionais, a adesão ao tratamento e o entendimento da doença não apenas como um fator médico-biológico, mas como um processo vinculado à história de vida do indivíduo e seu entorno social. Acredita-se que esse modelo possa ser reproduzido em outros serviços, visando aumentar a qualidade na assistência a pessoas com anemia aplástica.
Migranti i izbjeglice
Authors: Rapić Darko , Bilokapić Šimun
Published: July 2021

Europa se posljednjih desetljeća hrva sa samom sobom. Kulturološke promjene koje su se dogodile bitno su uzdrmale njezin identitet, a poštovanje temeljnih načela i vrednota našlo se pred novim izazovom. Nove antropološke paradigme proizašle iz postmodernizma utjecale su na zaborav kršćanskih korijena i istina, koje su dobrim dijelom odredile smjer razvoja europske kulture. Posljedično, Europa kakvu poznajemo umire. Osnovna nakana ovog rada jest vidjeti u kakvom su odnosu umiranje
Europe i migracijska kriza. Ne govori se o smrti (i životu) kao biološkom procesu, nego o filozofsko-teološkom promatranju „umiranja“ i „oživljavanja“ svega europskoga, kršćanskoga, ljudskoga... Na temelju promatranja najvažnijih današnjih kulturoloških obilježja Europe te vjerskih istina kršćanstva i islama, posebno u poimanju života i smrti, odgovorit ćemo na pitanje jesu li migranti i izbjeglice nositelji života
ili smrti na europskom kontinentu. Čuvajući se idealiziranja imigranata
kao spasitelje Europe, ali i njihova demoniziranja kao jedinih krivaca propadanja Europe, pokušat ćemo vidjeti može li pozitivan stav prema njima pružiti bitan preduvjet za plodnu integraciju. Život ili smrt Europe ovisi o njoj samoj, a migranti i izbjeglice mogu doprinijeti jednoj i drugoj stvarnosti. Ipak, za kršćane jest obveza ljubavi, za koju ne smijemo zaboraviti da ima snagu oživljavati i mijenjati.
Some Diazodinitrophenol Isomers - A DFT Treatment
Authors: Türker Lemi
Published: July 2021

The present study considers a series of diazodinitrophenol isomers within the constraints of density functional theory at the level of B3LYP/311++G(d,p). One of the isomers in the series is known as DDNP which is a primary explosive material. Presently various dinitro substituted benzoxadiazol (bicyclic) and 2-diazo-1-oxide (azide) isomers analogous to DDNP have been focus of investigation. In all the cases the azide isomers have been found to be more stable electronically than the bicyclic counterparts. Various properties of them including quantum chemical ones are harvested, compared and discussed. Also NICS(0) values are obtained for the ring(s) and the local aromaticity values are discussed.
Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dalam Pembentukan Provinsi Kepulauan Mentawai
Authors: Hutahaean Wendy Sepmady
Published: July 2021

Abstract: As the times grew, leadership began to decline and crisis. This leadership crisis is also inseparable from the church environment. Speaking of leadership in the church is seen from the point of view of the Bible, inseparable from the Great person of Jesus Christ. This paper discusses Jesus' leadership model focusing on the Gospel of John. The author formulates the following problem: : What is the model of Jesus' leadership in the Gospel of John and its implementation in the local church? The purpose of writing this scientific paper is to know and explain the model of Jesus' leadership in the Gospel of John and its implementation in the local church. This study uses qualitative research method with descriptive approach which this method considers that the data collected to be the key to what is studied. The data the author observes is the Gospel of John, literature such as books and journal articles on leadership. The model of Jesus' leadership in the Gospel of John is Jesus as the Leader of the sheep, Jesus as the Ministering Leader, and Jesus discipleship and send. An example for the local church leadership model is to put self-integrity first, lead holistically, and implement a discipleship model. The local church leadership model reflecting Jesus' leadership model in the Gospel of John is expected to be a learning experience for leaders in the local church.
Keyword: model, the leadership of Jesus, the local church, the example.
 
Abstrak: Semakin berkembangnya zaman, kepemimpinan mulai merosot dan mengalami krisis. Krisis kepemimpinan ini pun juga tidak terlepas dari lingkungan gereja. Berbicara mengenai kepemimpinan dalam gereja dilihat dari sudut pandang Alkitab, tidak terlepas dari pribadi yang Agung yaitu Yesus Kristus. Penulisan ini membahas tentang model kepemimpinan Yesus yang berfokus pada Injil Yohanes. Penulis merumuskan masalah sebagai berikut: : Bagaimana model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes dan implementasinya dalam gereja lokal? Adapun tujuan penulisan dari karya ilmiah ini ialah untuk mengetahui dan memaparkan model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes dan implementasinya dalam gereja lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang mana metode ini memandang bahwa data yang dikumpulkan menjadi kunci terhadap apa yang diteliti. Data yang penulis amati ialah kitab Injil Yohanes, literatur-literatur seperti buku dan artikel jurnal tentang kepemimpinan. Adapun model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes ialah Yesus sebagai Pemimpin domba-domba, Yesus sebagai Pemimpin yang melayani, dan Yesus memuridkan dan mengutus. Teladan bagi model kepemimpinan gereja lokal yaitu mengutamakan integritas diri, memimpin secara holistik, dan menerapkan model discipleship. Model kepemimpinan gereja lokal yang bercermin dari model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes diharapkan dapat menjadi pembelajaran bagi para pemimpin di gereja lokal.
Kata kunci: model, kepemimpinan Yesus, gereja lokal, teladan.
Specifications for Test Modules in the APVV Project PP-20-COVID-0002 Aerosol
Authors: Kelemen Martin , Bova Štefan
Published: July 2021

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has forced the international community to look for relevant solutions to eliminate the negative effects and reduce the risks of contamination of people with this virus. The research team of the Technical University in Košice, with the support of experts and an application guarantor, BovaCHEM, approached the search for a partial solution within the applied research of a new chemical for decontamination and disinfection of surfaces that may be a source of COVID-19 threat to humans when handling packaging. ) in different conditions. The article presents a partial result of the analytical work within the project, identification and description of specifications for the creation of test modules in the project, for the subsequent verification of the pilot version of the new chemical and its further research to achieve the main goal of the project. The output of the content analysis of the issue, the examination of the patent solution at present, is the synthesis of knowledge, which is reflected in the proposed specifications for test modules and thus for further scientific work according to the approved project APVV until the end of 2021.
Energy Harvesting Methods in Aviation
Authors: Schrötter Martin , Bréda Róbert , Kaľavský Peter , Kozhokhina Olena
Published: July 2021

Each modern aircraft use a large number of sensors, which task is to sense various operating parameters. These are subsequently sent to the appropriate computer to processes them. Because the sensors are very often located in remote parts of the aircraft, their power and signal wires have to be quite long. Moreover, the large number of wires and conductors complicates the design of the aircraft, especially their placement and clamping in non-pressurized parts and near fuel tanks. For these reasons, it is more convenient to use sensors with own power supply and which use a wireless communication with a computer. Today, most of remotely located sensors use electrochemical voltage sources, however these have environmental and reliability issues. The solution is to use sensors that generate their own energy. This article points out the possibility of using on-board sensors with energy harvesting technology.
ANTONIO JOSÉ PONTE: EL ÚLTIMO CONTERTULIO
Authors: Herzovich Guido
Published: July 2021

En La fiesta vigilada (2007), el escritor cubano (en el exilio) Antonio José Ponte ha rehabilitado un malestar en vías de desaparición para la mayor parte de Occidente: el temor de la cultura frente al Estado. Alrededor de él, Ponte ha escrito una notable elegía a la alta cultura, a la sensibilidad y las operaciones en que se funda, incluso a la comunidad alternativa que parece ofrecer. A contrapelo de las lec-turas “posmodernas” de Ponte, como la de Reinaldo Laddaga que aquí se discute, este artículo sugiere que a su atractivo no son ajenos el anacronismo y la melancolía, en tanto nos recuerda la época heroica de la autonomía lite-raria, tan desdibujada en tiempos de hegemonía del mercado.
Terror anal en las aulas. Ser alumno o ser humano en Ciencias morales, de Martín Kohan y La mirada invisible, de Diego Lerman
Authors: Bidegain Claudio
Published: July 2021

Con la lectura de Ciencias Morales (Kohan, 2007) accedemos al mundo de la educación argentina hacia finales de la última dictadura, en épocas de la Guerra de Malvinas. Allí se despliega un aparato de enorme cen-sura, vigilancia y castigo a los deseos y comportamientos de los estudiantes en el Colegio Nacional de Buenos Aires. De esta manera, se configura una metonimia de lo que sucede a mayor escala en toda la sociedad argentina que intenta resistir/sobrevivir al régimen totalitario. Se analizará la novela de Kohan y la versión cinematográfica a cargo de Diego Lerman, La mirada invisible (2010), haciendo un especial énfasis en la historia del poder peda-gógico, el control institucional y los diálogos entre sociedad y educación, que revelan la importancia política del acto educativo.
Sexualidades en fuga: cuerpo e identidad en la literatura y el cine de Martín Rejtman
Authors: Rubino Atilio Raúl
Published: July 2021

Este artículo busca realizar un análisis de las sexualidades en la obra literaria y cinematográfica de Martín Rejtman. En algunos textos del autor, como en el cuento “Algunas cosas importantes para mi generación” (1992) o en la película Rapado (1992), pueden verse sexualidades que se encuentran en movimiento, que parecen no obedecer al binarismo heterosexual/homosexual, sino que encuentran un punto de fuga a la racionalidad sexual. Por otro lado, los cuerpos en varios de los films y relatos de Rejtman adquieren una enorme importancia, ya que se entraman con los desplazamientos de las identidades. Éstas se juegan en unos cuerpos tecnológicos, cuerpos protésicos, cuerpos cyborgs, que están atravesados por discursos que los dicen y, al hacerlo, los engendran. Las sexualidades, en este sentido, oscilan entre lo decible y lo indecible.
La esquina del futuro: escribir entre el barrio y la escuela
Authors: Dubin Mariano
Published: July 2021

Distintos autores (Chartier, 1995, 1999; Chartier y Cavallo, 1998; Ginzburg, 2008; Sawaya, 2009) han señalado que las formas de leer corresponden a variaciones históricas y sociales. Considerando esta perspectiva, a partir de ciertos modos de la cultura barrial que se presentan en la escritura de alumnos en clases de lengua y literatura indagamos los marcos interpretativos de las lecturas de los jóvenes de la periferia urbana.
“Fue de Américo suelo lo ingenioso”.
Authors: Zinni Mariana
Published: July 2021

María de Estrada Medinilla escribió la Relación… (1640) referida a la entrada del Marqués de Vilena, nuevo virrey de la Nueva España, a la ciudad de México. En los cuatrocientos versos que componen su texto, alaba a la ciudad, sus habitantes, costumbres y modas, pero “olvida” el objetivo de su larga carta poética. María de Estrada prefiere centrar su atención en la ciudad en vez de en el marqués, y, como testigo, narra eventos que podemos considerar inconsecuentes (tiene que caminar, siente la incomodidad de sus vestidos, una súbita lluvia), en vez que lo que sería esencial a su laudes civitatum. La poeta usa la entrada del virrey no solo para narrar la ciudad, sino para narrarse a sí misma. Al seguir su propia visión de la celebración, nos encontramos en una posición privilegiada, la de su mirada femenina, resaltando aspectos ausentes de una aproximación más tradicional o masculina de la entrada del virrey.
Miradas en torno a la crítica
Authors: Yódice Paula
Published: July 2021

Sobre Violencia y método: de lecturas y críticas. Gabriela Milone (Comp.). Buenos Aires: Letranómada, 2014. 143 pp.
Sobre Sandra Contreras y José Goity (Coords.). Las humanidades por venir. Políticas y debates en el siglo XXI. Rosario: H. y A. Ediciones, 2019. 299 pp.
Authors: Cherri Leonel
Published: July 2021

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Rural Tourism Product Planning "Nepal Van Java", Dusun Butuh, Magelang Regency
Authors: Aldora Mega Mega , Trihayuningtyas Endah , Ardiansyah Ikhsan , Setiawan Nisa Aulia Nur , Lim Agrestasha Nursavira , Salsabila Rifa Agustina , Oktaviano Muhammad Richard
Published: July 2021

Nepal Van Java is a tourism attraction that offers the beauty of local residences in Mount Sumbing slope located in Dusun Butuh, Magelang. According to a simple calculation of average visits up to a thousand visitors in one day, Nepal Van Java has a high visitors number according to a simple estimate of average visits. However, at this time, there are not many rural tourism products offered by Nepal Van Java because this destination is still in the planning stage where there is no planning for rustic tourism products. The purpose of this paper is to describe the planning process related to the village tourism product. Qualitative research methods have applied to this research, resulting in an understanding of the actual condition of village tourism products. Detailed planning related to Nepal Van Java tourism products includes planning on facilities, transportation systems, and introduction of visitors, with the idea of focusing on optimizing agricultural resources as agrotourism, potential aids for farm stays, and culture.
Tourist Perceptions About the Implementation of CHSE in Greater Bandung: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Ningrum Harini Fajar , Septyandi Chandra Budhi
Published: July 2021

This research is based on the phenomenon of a shift in tourist behaviour during the Covid-19 pandemic. Cleanliness, Health, Safety, and Environment (CHSE) are the primary considerations for tourists when deciding to choose a tourist destination while on vacation, beating other aspects such as low prices. This study provides an initial picture of how tourists perceive the application of CHSE in a tourist destination. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative through a survey using a questionnaire, then the results are tabulated into a frequency distribution table. The results of this study indicate that according to the perception of tourists who are dominated by the Millennials market segment, assessing that the application of CHSE in destinations around Bandung Raya is in the category of fair.

Keywords: tourist perception, CHSE, Cleanliness, Health, Safety
ENSINO DE GRAMÁTICA: FORMAS REMISSIVAS LEXICAIS E FORMAÇÃO DE SENTIDO
Authors: Pontes Leila Silvana , Silva Filho Marcelo Nicomedes dos Reis
Published: July 2021

O presente estudo traz para discussão a renitente postura de ensino de gramática presa a regras e a normas que não contribuem para o crescimento linguístico do aluno. A fim de defender um ensino diferente, que privilegie o uso, os sujeitos e a reflexão sobre aspectos linguísticos, este trabalho propõe uma prática de ensino de gramática pautada na Linguística Textual. Para isso, trabalhou coesão textual, especificamente, formas remissivas lexicais. Procurou resposta ao seguinte questionamento: Como o trabalho com gramática, a partir da Linguística Textual, corrobora para o entendimento de que escolhas lexicais mostram que os sujeitos são atuantes, sócio e historicamente determinados? A análise, bibliográfica e qualitativa, buscou, dentre outros autores, fundamentação teórica, principalmente, em Ingedore Koch (2001; 2006; 2009; 2012; 2014). Após levantamento teórico, analisou-se um texto de autor indígena, considerando algumas subclassificações das formas remissivas lexicais:1) Expressões ou Grupos Nominais Definidos; 2) Nominalizações; 3) Expressões Sinônimas ou Quase Sinônimas”; 4) “Hiperônimos ou Indicadores de Classe”. Objetivou-se com isso analisar como o ensino de gramática contribui para o entendimento das escolhas lexicais enquanto ação, identificação e determinação do sujeito.  As análises mostraram que o trabalho com a coesão não precisa ser mecânico e que as expressões, bem como o léxico não estão fadados a um sentido fechado, uma vez que são clivados pela história, contexto e intenções. Revelou que o sujeito, ao fazer uso das formas remissivas lexicais, usa o referente conforme enxerga o seu universo ao interagir sociocognitivamente com ele. As escolhas não são aleatórias, além de serem ações do sujeito revelam quem eles são, identificando-os e determinando-os.
Editorial
Authors: Silva Sylvia Letícia Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Prezadxs leitorxs,A revista Acta Tecnológica, traz nesta edição, um conjunto de artigos em diversas áreas do conhecimento. Iniciando o volume 16, número 1, trazemos o artigo Os Transtornos causados pelo aumento do lixo na cidade turística de Carolina - Maranhão, os autores investigaram como se dá a relação dos moradores com a produção e o acúmulo de lixo.Na mesma área, o artigo 2, Reator UASB: uma alternativa sustentável para o tratamento de esgoto no município de Codó - MA, os autores avaliaram as melhorias nas condições de saneamento do município de Codó, Maranhão, através da construção do protótipo de um reator UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) destinado à remoção de matéria orgânica do esgoto doméstico que é lançado diretamente no Rio Itapecuru.Com discussões sobre processos de mobilização e lutas sociais pela educação de jovens e adultos, o artigo 3, As lutas sociais por políticas de educação no Brasil para EJA de 1990 a 2006: da formação da agenda política a formulação do PROEJA há a retomada do debate acerca dos aspectos estruturais que envolveram mudanças políticas e sociais nos anos de 1990, buscando entender os reflexos do ideário neoliberal na construção da agenda reformista e das políticas de educação no Brasil.O artigo 4, Saneamento inadequado em Carolina - MA: estudo de caso no bairro Brejinho, mostra a precariedade do saneamento no bairro Brejinho, na cidade de Carolina, Maranhão, e seu impacto na vida dos moradores.Na área de alimentos, o artigo 5, Caracterização química e comparação entre hambúrguer artesanal e o industrializado tem uma proposta mais saudável de hambúrguer e análise físico-química da composição do produto elaborado, comparado com o hambúrguer industrializado.O artigo 6 A Inclusão da educação ambiental no processo de ensino e aprendizagem na visão de professores e alunos de uma escola pública em Caxias - MA relata a importância da Educação Ambiental no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, segundo a visão de professores e alunos.O Artigo 7 Aprimorando o conceito de lentes e expandindo a criatividade no design emergente através de técnicas do design especulativo, apresenta, através de uma discussão dialética, a visão de estudiosos da futurologia sobre como a experimentação criativa em narrativas pode ajudar no desenvolvimento de novas perspectivas para lidar com problemas sistêmicos adaptativos.O Artigo 8 Ensino de gramática: formas remissivas lexicais e formação de sentido traz para a discussão a renitente postura de ensino de gramática presa a regras e a normas que não contribuem para o crescimento linguístico do aluno.Finalizando este número, o artigo 9, Produção de mudas de maracujazeiro sob lâminas e frequência de aplicação de solução nutritiva, com um estudo incipiente sobre lâminas de irrigação e frequência de aplicação de solução nutritiva em mudas de maracujazeiro-amarelo cultivado em sistema hidropônico.Boa leitura!
REATOR UASB: UMA ALTERNATIVA SUSTENTÁVEL PARA O TRATAMENTO DE ESGOTO NO MUNICÍPIO DE CODÓ – MA
Authors: Da Silva Sidne Rodrigues , Torres Michele Sousa Travassos , Rocha Nayra Salazar
Published: July 2021

Diversos são os fatores que constituem risco à saúde pública no Brasil. Dentre eles, destacam-se as condições precárias de saneamento básico. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal avaliar melhorias nas condições de saneamento do município de Codó, Maranhão, através da construção do protótipo de um reator UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) destinado à remoção de matéria orgânica do esgoto doméstico que é lançado diretamente no Rio Itapecuru, o qual corta a cidade de Codó - MA. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada através de questionários dirigidos a líderes comunitários (vinte sujeitos) e agentes de saúde (trinta sujeitos) de cada bairro. O protótipo de reator UASB construído em cano plástico PVC teve a avaliação da sua eficiência indicada a partir dos parâmetros: Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO) e Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio (DBO) de amostras do efluente doméstico bruto e filtrado.  Os dados da pesquisa apontam a precariedade no sistema de coleta de esgoto e, ainda, as doenças de veiculação hídrica como, diarreias e verminoses. O reator UASB experimental apresentou resultados de remoção total de DQO e de DBO de 61% e 67%, podendo ser, portanto, uma alternativa viável e eficiente para o tratamento do esgoto.
SANEAMENTO INADEQUADO EM CAROLINA – MA: ESTUDO DE CASO NO BAIRRO BREJINHO
Authors: Coelho Leonardo Oliveira da Silva , Conceição Jaciara Santos da , Nascimento Louize , Fernandes Rogério Taygra Vasconcelos , Oliveira Jônnata Fernandes de
Published: July 2021

O esgoto é toda a água residual proveniente de vários usos, como banho, lavagem de louça, roupas, higienização bucal etc. No Brasil, a precarização das instalações de saneamento básico é muito grave: quase metade da população vive em cidades sem redes de tratamento de esgoto. O problema das instalações sanitárias no país causou muitas doenças e danos à população e ao meio ambiente. Neste estudo, analisou-se a precariedade do saneamento no bairro Brejinho, na cidade de Carolina, Maranhão, e seu impacto na vida dos moradores. Para isso, utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, que teve como intuito trazer um debate sobre o tema em contexto mais amplo, relacionando-o com uma pesquisa realizada com moradores deste bairro, mediante aplicação de questionário, em novembro de 2018. A partir desses materiais obtidos, pôde-se fazer uma interpretação a respeito dos dados coletados. Assim, concluiu-se que a coleta e a destinação correta do esgoto, além da sua vital importância, trazem benefícios para a população envolvida, pois a precariedade de saneamento gera muitos transtornos e pode trazer doenças. Ainda foi possível identificar que a população do bairro Brejinho não aprova as condições de instalação da rede de esgoto pelos impactos que geram. As instalações estão localizadas nas proximidades das residências e do rio Tocantins, onde fortes odores perturbam os moradores. Isto implica em: potenciais riscos à saúde e descaso com a população, por isso, é considerada inadequada.
THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS AND ECONOMIC SCIENCE
Authors: TOKMAZISHVILI MIKHEIL
Published: July 2021

Considering the traditional fundamental process as an alternative of economic theory is increasingly insufficient in today›s reality; deficiencies of the supply and demand interconnections, as well as the complex character of their relationship that cannot be fully explained by traditional mainstreaming that is confirmed.In the aftermath of the global crisis, countries have been occurred in an eternal stagnation. The development of world economy progresses slowly. The restoration of macroeconomic stabilization and sustainable development by the old traditional monetary methods - inflation and exchange rate changes - were impossible, while by Keynesian methods the increase in stimulation of budget interventions on the supply remains limited. Economic science has been able to explain events far more than to predict the future. The issue of new industrial structural reforms only brings new questions.
Today new challenges impose new tasks to economic science. Academic approaches are being used that combines historical, logical, technological, institutional, and other methodologies. Everything starts with explaining how the economy is working and how it should work. The model of economy that is efficient and balanced is a current challenge and this model has its own limitations. Introducing pluralist theories has begun, including at the universities. Development of economic science requires fundamental approach together with promoting neo-liberal course and institutional approaches, as well as explaining macro-economic events not based on Keynesian and classic methodologies, but based on combination of institutional, behavior, psychological, political, social and other sciences. It gives rise to new challenges for economics. It should also be reflected in university studies.
CHALLENGES AND PROBLEM IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN GEORGIA
Authors: TENGIZ VERULAVA TENGIZ VERULAVA
Published: July 2021

Primary health care has an important role in the organizational arrangement of health care system. Without a fundament of primary health care system it is impossible to build anything. The primary health care system reflects on the quality population health, the availability of health services and the cost of spending on the health care. The family doctor›s institute and primary health care system in Georgia have not been developed with regarding international standards. The lack of primary care system in Georgia indicates that the referral to outpatient medical facilities is considerably lower than the European countries. The reason for this is the lack of confidence in primary care institutions and the absence of comprehencive primary health care system in the country. It is nessesery to develop a family doctor›s institute in Georgia. This requires the promotion of continuous medical education of family doctors, optimal geographical distribution of primary health care institutions.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STI) TRENDS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTH-INDIA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kaur Sukhpreet , Kaur Tejinder , Mahajan Bharat Bhushan , Singh Dhillon Shaminder
Published: July 2021

Sexually transmitted infections (STI’s) are a global health issue. There can be serious repercussions apart from the immediate effect of the infection
including increased risk of acquisition of Human Immunodeciency Virus (HIV) infection especially with ulcerative STIS.
A retrospective study was conducted amongst the patients who attended STI (Suraksha) clinic at Government medical college ,Amritsar between
June 2014 to May 2020. STIs have a tremendous impact on public health. They are responsible for a signicant proportion of infertility in both the
sex, morbidity, economic loss to the family, and increased susceptibility to HIV infection. STIs are a major contributor to fetal deaths, abortions,
and the delivery of low birth weight babies.
It is of great signicance to study their incidence periodically and region wise, and understand the changing trends in order to plan the control
strategies. The present study aimed at studying the clinical prole of STIs in this part of the country over 6 years. Since many patients refrain from
seeking medical advice, this study was restricted to the patients attending the hospital.
COMPARISON OF GONIOSCOPY AND ANTERIOR SEGMENT OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF ANTERIOR CHAMBER ANGLE IN GLAUCOMATOUS PATIENTS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF KUMAOUN REGION
Authors: Joshi Snigdha , Sharma Vimlesh , Pandey Shanti , Titiyal Govind Singh
Published: July 2021

AIM:To nd the role of gonioscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography in detecting angle closure in different quadrants of
anterior chamber angle in glaucomatous patients.
Study design:Cross sectional study
Material and Methods:65 patients with age >10 years of age with suspected angle closure were recruited from a tertiary care hospital in Kumaon
Region.
Subjects underwent gonioscopy and AS- OCT imaging in dark.Gonioscopy as gold standard , the ACA was graded using the Spaeth system by a
two examiners masked to each other ndings then the results of both the techniques were compared.
Results: 130 eyes of 65 patients studied. The angles in all quadrants compared between Gonioscopy and AS-OCT using chi-square test.Closedangle were found to be 5.4%(7%) with AS-OCT and 13.8%(18) with Gonioscopy in superior quardant. Closed-angle were more with Gonioscopy
10.8%(14) as compared to AS-OCT5.4%(7) in inferior quadrants.
In temporal qudrant closed-angle with gonioscopy was 11.5%(15) as compared to AS-OCT 5.4% (7). Closed-angles with gonioscopy in nasal
quadrant was 12.3%(16) as compared to 5.4%(7) in AS-OCT.
Conclusion: AS-OCT is highly sensitive to detect closed angles, probably due to the dark ambient condition and its non-contact nature.With the
3600 analysis, the regional differences or quadrants can be evaluated which are either partially closed or open. Considering angle closure in terms
of percentage or degrees could be more accurate than more limited cross-sectional assessment. Gonioscopy showed more number of closed angles
as compared to AS-OCT.The angles which seemed closed on gonioscopy were found open in AS-OCT.
CLINICAL, METABOLIC, ENDOCRINE AND SONOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF OBESE ADOLESCENT WITH PCOS
Authors: Jain Uma , Jain Deepali , Jain Aditya
Published: July 2021

Introduction- PCOS is a complex metabolic, endocrinopathy and reproductive disorder that results in the production of androgens and is associated with insulin resistance. Adolescents with PCOS are more obese than normal adolescents and have an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. In obese adolescent increasing abdominal adiposity, worsening insulin sensitivity and Dyslipoproteinemiadyslipoproteinemia give rise to NAFLD in adulthood. This study aimed to investigate the association between PCOS, obesity, NAFLD and Metabolic syndrome in adolescents with PCOS. MATERIALAND METHOD- Retrospective study of 24 obese adolescent PCOS patients. with mean BMI 32.89 kg/m2. Data were taken from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2020. PCOS patients were diagnosed according to Rotterdam 2003 criteria. Data were collected from the medical records of the patients including clinical history, height, weight, blood pressure, waist circumference and Modied Ferriman-Gallway score for hirsutism. Laboratory values were obtained ultrasound nding of polycystic ovarian disease and fatty liver were obtained from the records. RESULTS:- 2 In our study, the mean age was 15.2 yr The mean body mass index was 32.89 kg/m and the mean age of menarche was 12.3 yr. Hirsutism was present in 75% by modied FG Score system, Family history of PCOS was present in 29.16%, Family history of Cardiovascular disease was present in 12.5%. Afamily history of diabetes mellitus was present in 20.83%. The majority 87.5% of the obese adolescent girl's were presented with menstrual problems. mostly 70.83% with a history of Oligomenorrhea. Waist circumference, >0.80 was present in 87.5%, 50% of patients were hypertensive. 20.83% were prediabetes, 54.16% of patients were found to have dyslipidaemia and 45.83% of patients had Metabolic syndrome. In our mean LH was 10.6 IU/L, mean FSH was 5.8 IU/L, mean Serum testosterone 18.5 ng/ml, mean Serum prolactin was 21.2 ng/mL and mean Serum TSH was 3.3 µIU/mL.75 % of patients had Polycystic appearing ovarian morphology in USG.45.83 % of obese PCOS patient had NAFLD in USG and 33.33% of obese patients had abnormal liver enzymes with NAFLD in USG nding. CONCLUSION:-In our study, we found both metabolic syndrome and NAFLD were frequent in patients with obese adolescent PCOS conrming a relevant clinical association between these three conditions. This study highlights the importance of preventing obesity during the management of adolescent PCOS. The importance of obesity counselling in obese adolescent women is a must to reduce the risks associated with metabolic syndrome. The therapeutic intervention combined with lifestyle modication may provide better treatment for adolescent PCOS.
PULMONARY FUNCTION PARAMETERS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND NON DIABETIC POPULATION IN A SUBURBAN AREA OF TAMILNADU -A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: S Latha. , Andrew Sanjay
Published: July 2021

Diabetes Mellitus has a profound incidence all over the world .Complications of diabetes like nephropathy ,neuropathy and retinopathy were well
known while changes in the lung as a result of diabetes were with limited information. Methods: About 175 participants with diabetes and 168
non diabetic participants were tested for pulmonary functions using a computerisied spirometer. Pulmonary functions of the two groups were
compared using t test . Results: FVC (Forced vital capacity) of diabetic 58.59% while non diabetic it was77.16 %. MMEF(Maximum mid
expiratory ow rate) of diabetic was 61.36% while non diabetic it was 90.13%FVC (Forced vital capacity in 3 seconds ) was 31.96% while in
diabetic it was 2.76 liters. PEF (Peak expiratory ow rate ) of diabetic was 41.95% while non diabetic it was 68.30%.Conclusion:The pulmonary
functions were grossly decreased in Type2 Diabetes mellitus when compared with non diabetic subjects
ANAL CANAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA TREATED WTH INTENSITY MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY BASED CONCURRENT CHEMORADIATION–RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL OUTCOME AND TOXICITIES
Authors: M H Geethi , Sivanandan C D , A Sajeed , S Roshni , Sanker S Arun , A L Lijeesh , Krishna Jagathnath
Published: July 2021

Purpose: This retrospective analysis is aimed to report the single institution experience from an Asian country utilizing Intensity Modulated
Radiotherapy (IMRT) based Chemo radiation in Anal Canal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ASCC) with an emphasis on efcacy, toxicity and disease
and treatment-related variables associated with outcomes. Study was conduc Materials And Methods: ted in the department of Radiation
Oncology at Regional Cancer Center, Thiruvananthapuram. All Patients with biopsy proven ASCC diagnosed between January 2014 and
December 2018 and receiving curative intent IMRT were identied and follow up data till December 2020 was collected. Primary end point was
Disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary end points were Overall Survival (OS), Colostomy-free survival (CFS) Loco regional Failure (LRF) and
Toxicities. A total of 34 patients were analyzed during a median follow up of Results: 34 months. Twenty ve patients (73.5%) were in stage IIIB.
Median overall treatment time was 36 days. The estimated two year DFS, OS and CFS were 79.4 %, 93.9 %and 97% respectively. Disease
recurrence at any point on follow up occurred in ve patients (14.7%). Primary Tumor size of more than or equal to 5 cm and development of grade
three anemia during RT was associated with inferior DFS in Univariate analysis. Patients taken less than two cycles of chemotherapy, there was a
trend for inferior OS. Acute grade 3 or more dermatological toxicities was 44% and hematological toxicity was 35.3%. Radiotherapy break
occurred in 38.2%of patients with a median of 5.5 days (range 2-13). Of the available patients chronic toxicities were reported for 40% and were of
grade 2. IMRT is associated with favorable toxicity rates and excellent Conclusion: long-term efcacy in Asian population also where patients are
presenting in an advanced stage. Reducing the total treatment time by SIB technique may improve the clinical outcome.
THE UTILITY OF SERUM BILIRUBIN AS A MARKER IN ACUTE ABDOMEN
Authors: Sreeramulu P N , K N Shashidhar , A Varsha
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Delay in diagnosis leads to various complications like perforation, abscess formation. Evaluation of serum bilirubin helps in
diagnosis of complications, like perforation, morbidity, wound infection, prognosis associated with acute abdomen. The aim of the study is to
evaluate serum bilirubin levels to predict complications prior to surgery.
METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which includes 164 study subjects diagnosed with acute abdomen such as appendicitis,
peritonitis, cholecystitis. All study subjects were subjected to clinical evaluation, Laboratory investigations such as liver function tests, ultrasound
and x ray abdomen in erect posture. The data was compiled and analysed. The Fisher's exact, Pearson's χ2, ANOVA, and Kruskal–Wallis tests
while logistic regression for multivariate analysis was performed. p < 0.05 was accepted as statistically signicant
Results: In our study patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis 35 cases showed elevated WBC count mean 9.81 ±SD 3.254. 7 cases showed
raised TDB 0.50 SD± 0.526. In acute appendicitis with perforation 25 cases had raised WBC counts mean 12.13±SD 3.764. 3 cases had increased
levels of TDB mean 1.32±SD 0.9333. WBC, TDB levels are increased among patients with acute appendicitis with perforation compared to
patients with acute appendicitis which is statistically signicant (p₌0.002 and 0.001 respectively).
Conclusion: Hyperbilirubinemia, especially with elevated direct bilirubin levels, may be considered as an important marker for the prediction of
appendiceal gangrene/perforation which is cost effective in a rural set up where CTscan cannot be performed.
STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF LESIONS IN PLUERAL BIOPSY.
Authors: Chaithanya Bangi Siva , Krishna Vivek , B Triveni
Published: July 2021

Pleural diseases, both neoplastic (primary and metastatic) and non-neoplastic, exhibit similar clinical, radiographic and gross features, including
pleural pain, pleural-based masses or pleural thickening, and pleural effusions. However, the treatments and prognoses of these diverse conditions
vary greatly. As such, accurate diagnosis of pleural disease is critical, and histological interpretation of pleural biopsies is extremely important for
correct diagnosis.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted in Department of Pathology, Government Chest hospital, Osmania Medical college, Telangana,
during March 2019 to March 2020 that evaluated 65 patients with history of pleural effusion, mass involving pleura and pleural thickening.
Detailed history, clinical examination, Radiological Imaging along with pleural biopsy with Abram needle was performed in all the 65 Patients.
The biopsy specimens were formalin xed and the sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin.
Result: The patients aged from 15 to 90 years, average age at presentation was 46.2 yrs. Of total 65 cases 20 were female (31%) and 45(69%) were
male. The commonest clinical presentation was shortness of breath with cough. In 65 cases pleural effusion in 58 cases (89%), mass lesion in the
lung 6 cases (9%) and pleural thickening 1 case (2%) was preliminary nding on radiology. Histo-pathological evaluation revealed 46 cases (69%)
were inammatory lesions. 8cases (12%) were neoplastic lesions and 11(19%) cases were inadequate sampling. Of 46 inammatory lesions 12
cases (26%) were granulomatous lesions. Of 8 neoplastic lesions 1 case (12%) was malignant mesothelioma with calretinin and WT1 positive on
Immunohistochemistry.
Conclusion: A Pleural Biopsy is a safe, cost effective modality of investigation which not only guides us to diagnosis but also helps in nding out
metastatic involvement in a primary Lung tumor. In inammatory lesions it at times aids in differentiating between granulomatous versus non
granulomatous when correlated along with the ndings of pleural uid analysis. But lack of expertise in performing the blind procedure and sample
inadequacy are some of the limiting factors in having good satisfactory Pleural Biopsy.
CONTRACEPTIVE USE DYNAMICS IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: R Rajalakshmi , K Renuka
Published: July 2021

Injectable contraception, or the shot: is an extensively used form of
productive contraception worldwide. Currently new forms of
injectable contraception have been advanced which admit for
subcutaneous injection (under the skin), rather than IM injection.
These new formulations may admit women to prefer self-injecting
contraception more easily as it don't require a provider to inject them,
this is the point to be noted as injectable contraception must be taken
every 3 months once. Few people using injectable contraception may
choose to self-inject for reasons of their privacy or convenience, and in
the places where there are not adequate health care providers to
administer reinjections, this has the ability to develop access to this
safe and effective form of long-acting contraception.
Application of cylindrical IE-GSTC to physical metasurfaces
Authors: Sandeep Srikumar , Gasiewski Albin , Huang Shaoying , Peterson Andrew F
Published: July 2021

This work validates cylindrical IE-GSTC by applying it to physical metasurfaces, i.e. metasurfaces defined by material properties and dimensions rather than by susceptibility tensor components. Previously reported IE-GSTC which was formulated for zero thickness GSTC discontinuity is extended to handle finite thickness of physical metasurfaces. A simple analytical approach is used to extract the bianisotropic susceptibility tensor of concentric, multilayered, magneto-dielectric shell. Plane wave scattering by a physical metasurface constructed of four segments of multilayered, magneto-dielectric metasurface scatterers is used as an example problem to validate cylindrical IEGSTC. A second example considers an opening on the cylindrical metasurface, confirming IE-GSTC can handle metasurfaces with openings. Good agreement is obtained between IE-GSTC results and full wave simulation results for both cases.
Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for Intelligent Reflecting Surface aided Multi-User Communications
Authors: Bansal Ankur , Singh Keshav , Clerckx Bruno , Li Chih-Peng , Alouini Mohamed-Slim
Published: July 2021

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has recently emerged as a promising technology for 6G wireless systems, due to its capability to reconfigure the wireless propagation environment. In this paper, we investigate a Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) for IRS-assisted downlink system, where the base station (BS) communicates with single-antenna users with the help of an IRS. RSMA relies on rate-splitting (RS) at the BS and successive interference cancellation (SIC) at the users and provides a generalized multiple access framework. We derive a new architecture called IRS-RS that leverages the interplay between RS and IRS. For performance analysis, we utilize an \textit{on-off control technique} to control the passive beamforming vector of the IRS-RS and derive the closed-form expressions for outage probability of cell-edge users and near users. Moreover, we also analyze the outage behavior of cell-edge users for a sufficiently large number of reflecting elements. Additionally, we also analyze the outage performance of cooperative RS based decode-and-forward (DF)-assisted framework called DF-RS. Through simulation results, it is shown that the proposed framework outperforms the corresponding DF-RS, RS without IRS and IRS-assisted conventional non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemes. Furthermore, the impact of various system's parameters such as the number of IRS reflecting elements and the number of users on the system performance is revealed.
Transcendental Conditions, Schematism, and Naturalizing Kant’s “I think”
Authors: Erkan Ekin
Published: July 2021

Considering how Kant’s synthetic unity of apperception could be “naturalized,” this paper seeks to liberate the Kantian theory of experience from any foundationalist renderings that blur the lines between the empirical and transcendental, without compromising Kant’s attempt to investigate how the invariant structures of experience condition and supply rules for our knowledge of the world. This paper begins with an overview of the Transcendental Deduction’s apperceptive “I think.” We then consider Sellars’ Myth of Jones and Sellars’ notion of noumenal reality as a “limit concept” not in metaphysical but alongside pragmatist lines, where the “in-itself” is schematized as a regulatory ideal that normatively orients science as a self-correcting enterprise. Providing a successor-account to Sellars’ naturalization of Kant’s ‘I think,’ we seek to develop hard-transcendental and soft-transcendental pragmatic conditions to describe protocols for revision and integration, proffering an anti-dogmatic metaphysical stance that, true to Kant, expands our understanding of perception and linguistic licensing to include the kind of sensory and conceptual capacities associated with sapient experience.