bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Markov Analysis: Strategi Mempertahankan Brand Image Produk Unggulan Sumatera Utara
Authors: Williny  , Rina Friska B Siahaan  , Elserra Siemin Ciamas
Published: November 2021

Tujuan Penelitian adalah Untuk mempertahankan brand Image UMKM Produk Unggulandi Sumatera Utara. Ada beberapa langkah yang dilakukan dalam melaksanakan penelitian ini yaitu, a) melakukan wawancara terkait strategi pemasaran yang selama ini dilakukan, b) melakukan wawancara terkait brand image yang digunakan, c) melakukan analisis markovd) menerapkan strategi analisis markov untuk mempertahankan brand Image. Strategi yang dimaksud adalah strategi mempertahankan brand Image. Salah satu strategi yang dilakukan adalah Analisis Markov. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 50 responden yang merupakan konsumen UMKM Produk Unggulan Sumatera Utara yaitu Syrup Markisah dan Ulos Khas Sumatera Utara, dengan indikator yaitu: Kualitas Produk, Harga, Packaging dan Mudah didapati. Dengan Skala Likert sebagai skala pengukuran. Jenis data pada penelitian ini adalah Data Primer dan metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis adalah Metode Analisis Markov dengan data Deskriptif Kuantitatif. Dan dari hasil penelitianini menunjukkan bahwa dari kelima merk ulos yang penulis teliti, yang mengalami penambahan jumlah konsumen terbesar adalah merek O dengan pergeseran dari 3 orang (6%) naik menjadi 16 orang (32%) hal ini dikarenakan merek A unggul dalam kualitas produk yang nyaman saat digunakan. Sedangkan yang mengalami jumlah penurunan konsumen terbesar adalah merek S dengan pergeseran dari 25 orang (50%) turun menjadi 16 orang (32%) hal ini dikarenakan bahan yang digunakan terlalu kasar dan cukup mahal. Sedangkan untuk syrup markisah terjadi pergerseran merk antara Pohon Pinang dan Sarang Tawon.
Сучасні методи викладання іноземних мов в немовному вузі
Authors: MEDVEDOVSKA Daria , SKARLUPINA Yulia , TURCHYNA Tamara
Published: November 2021

Головним завданням вищого навчального закладу на сучасному етапі є підготовка фахівців, здатних нестандартно, гнучко і своєчасно реагувати на зміни, які відбуваються в світі. Тому для підготовки студентів до професійної діяльності і використовуються інноваційні методи навчання у вузі. Інноваційні технології дають як викладачу, так і студентам не лише можливість отримати доступ до джерел інформації, але й знайти нові способи взаємодії, побачити актуальність мовного курсу та можливості його практичного використання. Інноваційні методи дозволили змінити і роль викладача, який є не тільки носієм знання, але і наставником, який ініціює творчі пошуки студентів.
Професійний саморозвиток майбутніх психологів
Authors: VASYLIEVA Olga
Published: November 2021

У статті описано уявлення про феномен професійного саморозвитку в сучасних психологічних дослідженнях. Доведено, що професійний саморозвиток це активна, усвідомлена, цілеспрямована діяльність психолога по вдосконаленню професійної компетентності з метою професійної самореалізації і підвищення якості надання психологічних послуг учасникам освітнього процесу. Описано фактори професійного саморозвитку: психологічні, організаційні і економічні. Конкретизовано етапи та чинники професійного розвитку, акцентовано увагу на психологічних якостях, професійних позиціях і акмеологічних варіантах фахівця. Охарактеризовано психологічні бар’єри, які серед причин ускладнень професійного саморозвитку психологів займають важливе місце. Описана специфіка професійного саморозвитку практичного психолога.
"Освітньо-аналітична кодифікація" поглядів Івана Беха на співбуття "смисло-ціннісних" пошуків
Authors: ILNYTSKA Liubov
Published: November 2021

Засобами "аналітичного узгодження" проаналізовано провідну наукову ідею відомого українського педагога та вченого Івана Дмитровича Беха, яка стосується визначення співбуття "смисло-ціннісних" пошуків на духовних засадах особистісного самоусвідомлення. Дослідження розширює фаховий погляд на понятійні виміри "смисло-ціннісного" волевияву завдяки такому авторському нововведенню, як: "освітньо-аналітична кодифікація".
Study of vitality as a resource for providing students’ psychological safety
Authors: HREK Olena
Published: November 2021

The article investigates the problem of studying the vitality according to domestic and foreign approaches. The concept of “vitality” and its components, peculiarities of vitality and stress interrelation are considered. The factors that cause stress in humans and the mechanisms of vitality that reduce the impact of stress factors on an individual, as well as characteristics of a student’s age being one of sensitive periods of their manifestation and development of vitality are shown. The author empirically investigates special features and components of vitality development of students-psychologists, who are in their 1-4 years of study at the university. The research involved 80 students from the University after Ushinsky. The following research methods were used: the vitality test by S. Maddy (adapted by D.O. Leontiev and O.I. Rasskazova), the method of life meaningful orientation by D.O. Leontiev, questionnaire “The idea of information and psychological safety” by T.O. Basanova. Spearman’s correlation method and U. Mann-Whitney’s test were used for statistical analysis. According to the results of the study, it was found that the level of the students’ vitality in their 1-4 years was average but a significant increase in indicators was found in those who were in their third year. Peculiarities of the students’ life awareness with different levels of vitality are revealed. Besides, the connections between the indicators of vitality and the components of life meaningful orientations of testees’ are presented. The level of information-and-psychological safety of students and its connection with vital indicators is investigated. That is, vitality as a resource stimulates the activity of students and can ensure their psychological safety in modern realities.
Formation of social intelligence of future tactical officers
Authors: BABYCH Andriy , YANDOLA Krystyna
Published: November 2021

The article focuses on changing the social requirements for the system of military training of officers. It is proved that the training of highly qualified military specialists depends not only on their intellectual abilities, but also on the ability to establish and maintain contacts with people, correctly understand the emotions and information they transmit, which makes it especially important to form social intelligence. A thorough analysis of theoretical and practical scientific research of the concept of "social intelligence". In order to determine the level of social intelligence of future officers of the tactical level, a study of the initial level of social intelligence and clarified a number of conditions that in higher education institutions with specific learning conditions do not contribute to the harmonious development of social intelligence of future officers. It is proved that the methods of active training and education in the conditions of innovative approach to the organization of educational activity in a higher educational institution help to increase the efficiency of formation of social intelligence of future officers.
META ANALISIS PENELITIAN PENGGUNAAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN PETA KONSEP DI BEBERAPA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Thamrin , Mariati Pance , Asmarani Ratih
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Meta Analisis. Penelitian meta analisis yaitu menggunakan studi-studi penelitian yang sudah ada dan yang telah dilakukan secara sistematis dan kuantitatif untuk memperoleh kesimpulan yang akurat. Penelitian meta analisis akan menganalisis kuantitatif dari hasil penelitian sebelumnya untuk dapat menerima atau tidak diterima yang diajukan oleh  peneliti-peneliti yang telah dilakukan. Penelitian meta analisis ini yang akan menganalisa penelitian-penelitian pembelajaran yang menggunakan Peta Konsep (PK). Tujuan penelitian meta analisis yaitu untuk mengetahui apa saja yang diharapkan oleh peneliti dalam menggunakan pembelajaran dengan PK? Apa pula permasalahan sehingga pembelajaran menetapkan strategi pembelajaran PK? Adakah pembelajaran PK yang digabungkan dengan model metode pembelajaran yang lain? Jumlah tulisan yang dihimpun  sebanyak 24 tulisan hasil penelitian dari berbagai Sekolah Dasar yang ada di Indonesia. Pada penelitian meta analisis ini yang akan dikupas beberapa hal : Tujuan penelitian, disain penelitian, jumlah sampel, teknik pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan alasan penggunaan pembelajaran dengan PK. Kesimpulan dari penelitian meta analisis yang dihasilkan yaitu:  1) Tujuan penelitian untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dan meningkatkan aktivitas siswa dengan menggunakan Peta Konsep, 2) Menggunakan Peta Konsep Agar pembelajaran bervariatif, 3) Pemilihan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Peta Konsep sudah sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran. 4) Data yang di  analisis merupakan data hasil tes untuk menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar, sedangkan pengamatan untuk melihat keterampilan  guru. 5) Penelitian pengajaran dengan PK digabungkan dengan metode lain akan lebih meningkat dari pada hanya PK saja. 6) Judul dengan pengembangan hasil penelitian tidak sesuai dengan penelitian pengembangan yang sebenarnya, karena tidak menghasilkan sesuatu dalam akhir penelitiannya. 7) Hampir sebagian besar peneliti  tidak memberikan alasan mengapa memilih pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Peta Konsep..
PENGARUH MEDIA MAGIC STRAW TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF DAN MOTORIK HALUS PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Qibtiyah Mas Lailatul , Siti Masitoh  , Bakhtiar Syaiful Bachri
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan pengaruh media magic straw terhadap perkembangan kognitif dan motorik halus pada anak kelompok B  TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan di kecamatan Waru Sidoarjo, penelitian in ipenelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen, pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain experimental karena memiliki kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol, data penelitian sebanyak 60 anak, di TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan Berbek  33 anak, sedangkan di TK Dharma Wanita  WadungAsri 27 anak, penelitian di dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2021.hasil penelitian dan uji hipotesis terbukti bahwa media magic straw berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan kognitif dan motorik halus pada anak kelompok B dengan terbukti adanya perbedaan niali kelompok eksperimen dengan kelompok kontrol. Keberhasilan  anak dalam merangkai magic straw  berkatagori sangat baik, kerena dalam  merangkai menggunakan  media magic straw mendapat respon yang baik dari anak. Berdasarkan hasil dan diskusi penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media magic straw dapat meningkatkan perkembangan kognitif dan perkembangan motorik halus anak.
Photochemistry of Venus-like Planets Orbiting K- and M-dwarf Stars
Authors: Jordan Sean , Rimmer Paul B. , Shorttle Oliver , Constantinou Tereza
Published: November 2021

Compared to the diversity seen in exoplanets, Venus is a veritable astrophysical twin of the Earth; however, its global cloud layer truncates features in transmission spectroscopy, masking its non-Earth-like nature. Observational indicators that can distinguish an exo-Venus from an exo-Earth must therefore survive above the cloud layer. The above-cloud atmosphere is dominated by photochemistry, which depends on the spectrum of the host star and therefore changes between stellar systems. We explore the systematic changes in photochemistry above the clouds of Venus-like exoplanets orbiting K-dwarf or M-dwarf host stars, using a recently validated model of the full Venus atmosphere (0–115 km) and stellar spectra from the Measurements of the Ultraviolet Spectral Characteristics of Low-mass Exoplanetary Systems (MUSCLES) Treasury survey. SO2, OCS, and H2S are key gas species in Venus-like planets that are not present in Earth-like planets, and could therefore act as observational discriminants if their atmospheric abundances are high enough to be detected. We find that SO2, OCS, and H2S all survive above the cloud layer when irradiated by the coolest K dwarf and all seven M dwarfs, whereas these species are heavily photochemically depleted above the clouds of Venus. The production of sulfuric acid molecules that form the cloud layer decreases for decreasing stellar effective temperature. Less steady-state photochemical oxygen and ozone forms with decreasing stellar effective temperature, and the effect of chlorine-catalyzed reaction cycles diminish in favor of HO
x
and SO
x
catalyzed cycles. We conclude that trace sulfur gases will be prime observational indicators of Venus-like exoplanets around M-dwarf host stars, potentially capable of distinguishing an exo-Venus from an exo-Earth.
First Discovery of New Pulsars and RRATs with CHIME/FRB
Authors: Good D. C. , Andersen B. C. , Chawla P. , Crowter K. , Dong F. Q. , Fonseca E. , Meyers B. W. , Ng C. , Pleunis Z. , Ransom S. M. , Stairs I. H. , Tan C. M. , Bhardwaj M. , Boyle P. J. , Dobbs M. , Gaensler B. M. , Kaspi V. M. , Masui K. W. , Naidu A. , Rafiei-Ravandi M. , Scholz P. , Smith K. M. , Tendulkar S. P.
Published: November 2021

We report the discovery of seven new Galactic pulsars with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment’s Fast Radio Burst (CHIME/FRB) backend. These sources were first identified via single pulses in CHIME/FRB, then followed up with CHIME/Pulsar. Four sources appear to be rotating radio transients, pulsar-like sources with occasional single-pulse emission with an underlying periodicity. Of those four sources, three have detected periods ranging from 220 ms to 2.726 s. Three sources have more persistent but still intermittent emission and are likely intermittent or nulling pulsars. We have determined phase-coherent timing solutions for the latter two. These seven sources are the first discovery of previously unknown Galactic sources with CHIME/FRB and highlight the potential of fast radio burst detection instruments to search for intermittent Galactic radio sources.
Magnetic Helicity Estimations in Models and Observations of the Solar Magnetic Field. IV. Application to Solar Observations
Authors: Thalmann J. K. , Georgoulis M. K. , Liu Y. , Pariat E. , Valori G. , Anfinogentov S. , Chen F. , Guo Y. , Moraitis K. , Yang S. ,   (The ISSI Team on Magnetic helicity), Mastrano Alpha
Published: November 2021

In this ISSI-supported series of studies on magnetic helicity in the Sun, we systematically implement different magnetic helicity calculation methods on high-quality solar magnetogram observations. We apply finite-volume, discrete flux tube (in particular, connectivity-based) and flux-integration methods to data from Hinode’s Solar Optical Telescope. The target is NOAA Active Region 10930 during a 1.5-day interval in 2006 December that included a major eruptive flare (SOL2006-12-13T02:14X3.4). Finite-volume and connectivity-based methods yield instantaneous budgets of the coronal magnetic helicity, while the flux-integration methods allow an estimate of the accumulated helicity injected through the photosphere. The objectives of our work are twofold: a cross-validation of methods, as well as an interpretation of the complex events leading to the eruption. To the first objective, we find (i) strong agreement among the finite-volume methods, (ii) a moderate agreement between the connectivity-based and finite-volume methods, (iii) an excellent agreement between the flux-integration methods, and (iv) an overall agreement between finite-volume- and flux-integration-based estimates regarding the predominant sign and magnitude of the helicity. To the second objective, we are confident that the photospheric helicity flux significantly contributed to the coronal helicity budget and that a right-handed structure erupted from a predominantly left-handed corona during the X-class flare. Overall, we find that the use of different methods to estimate the (accumulated) coronal helicity may be necessary in order to draw a complete picture of an active region corona, given the careful handling of identified data (preparation) issues, which otherwise would mislead the event analysis and interpretation.
The Measurement of Dynamic Tidal Contribution to Apsidal Motion in Heartbeat Star KIC 4544587
Authors: Ou Jian-Wen , Yu Cong , Yang Ming , Jiang Chen , Ma Bo , Liu Guanfu , Liu Shang-Fei , Luo Juan-Juan
Published: November 2021

Apsidal motion is a gradual shift in the position of periastron. The impact of dynamic tides on apsidal motion has long been debated, because the contribution could not be quantified due to the lack of high-quality observations. KIC 4544587 with tidally excited oscillations has been observed by Kepler high-precision photometric data based on long-time-baseline and short-cadence schema. In this paper, we compute the rate of apsidal motion that arises from the dynamic tides as 19.05 ± 1.70 mrad yr−1 via tracking the orbital phase shifts of tidally excited oscillations. We also calculate the procession rate of the orbit due to the Newtonian and general relativistic contribution as 21.49 ± 2.8 and 2.4 ± 0.06 mrad yr−1, respectively. The sum of these three factors is in excellent agreement with the total observational rate of apsidal motion 42.97 ± 0.18 mrad yr−1 measured by eclipse timing variations. The tidal effect accounts for about 44% of the overall observed apsidal motion and is comparable to that of the Newtonian term. Dynamic tides have a significant contribution to the apsidal motion. The analysis method mentioned in this paper presents an alternative approach to measuring the contribution of the dynamic tides quantitatively.
Who Ordered That? Unequal-mass Binary Black Hole Mergers Have Larger Effective Spins
Authors: Callister Thomas A. , Haster Carl-Johan , Ng Ken K. Y. , Vitale Salvatore , Farr Will M.
Published: November 2021

Hierarchical analysis of binary black hole (BBH) detections by the Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors has offered an increasingly clear picture of their mass, spin, and redshift distributions. Fully understanding the formation and evolution of BBH mergers will require not just the characterization of these marginal distributions, but the discovery of any correlations that exist between the properties of BBHs. Here, we hierarchically analyze the ensemble of BBHs discovered by LIGO and Virgo with a model that allows for intrinsic correlations between their mass ratios q and effective inspiral spins χ
eff. At 98.7% credibility, we find that the mean of the χ
eff distribution varies as a function of q, such that more unequal-mass BBHs exhibit systematically larger χ
eff. We find a Bayesian odds ratio of 10.5 in favor of a model that allows for such a correlation over one that does not. Finally, we use simulated signals to verify that our results are robust against degeneracies in the measurements of q and χ
eff for individual events. While many proposed astrophysical formation channels predict some degree correlation between spins and mass ratio, these predicted correlations typically act in an opposite sense to the trend we observationally identify in the data.
Can a Strong Radio Burst Escape the Magnetosphere of a Magnetar?
Authors: Beloborodov Andrei M.
Published: November 2021

We examine the possibility that fast radio bursts (FRBs) are emitted inside the magnetosphere of a magnetar. On its way out, the radio wave must interact with a low-density e
± plasma in the outer magnetosphere at radii R = 109–1010 cm. In this region, the magnetospheric particles have a huge cross section for scattering the wave. As a result, the wave strongly interacts with the magnetosphere and compresses it, depositing the FRB energy into the compressed field and the scattered radiation. The scattered spectrum extends to the γ-ray band and triggers e
± avalanche, further boosting the opacity. These processes choke FRBs, disfavoring scenarios with a radio source confined at R ≪ 1010 cm. Observed FRBs can be emitted by magnetospheric flare ejecta transporting energy to large radii.
Evidence for Mixing between ICM and Stripped ISM by the Analysis of the Gas Metallicity in the Tails of Jellyfish Galaxies
Authors: Franchetto Andrea , Tonnesen Stephanie , Poggianti Bianca M. , Vulcani Benedetta , Gullieuszik Marco , Moretti Alessia , Smith Rory , Ignesti Alessandro , Bacchini Cecilia , McGee Sean , Tomičić Neven , Mingozzi Matilde , Wolter Anna , Müller Ancla
Published: November 2021

Hydrodynamical simulations show that the ram pressure stripping in galaxy clusters fosters a strong interaction between stripped interstellar medium (ISM) and the surrounding medium, with the possibility of intracluster medium (ICM) cooling into cold gas clouds. Exploiting the MUSE observation of three jellyfish galaxies from the GAs Stripping Phenomena in galaxies with MUSE (GASP) survey, we explore the gas metallicity of star-forming clumps in their gas tails. We find that the oxygen abundance of the stripped gas decreases as a function of the distance from the parent galaxy disk; the observed metallicity profiles indicate that more than 40% of the most metal-poor stripped clouds are constituted by cooled ICM, in qualitative agreement with simulations that predict mixing between the metal-rich ISM and the metal-poor ICM.
Some rare plant species in the Aktolagay cretaceous massif (Republic of Kazakhstan): the characteristics of populations
Authors: Golovanov Yaroslav , Mustafina Аlfiya , Abramova Larisa , Shigapov Zinnur
Published: November 2021

Cretaceous massifs of the Eurasian continent is unique not only for its geological features, but also for the peculiar flora, therefore, identification and study of the biodiversity of these unique objects is currently an urgent task. Comprehensive studies of the flora and vegetation of the Aktolagay cretaceous massif (Republic of Kazakhstan) were carried out in 2019. One aspect was the consideration of the ecological and biological features of several plant species characteristic for this territory. The research is devoted to the study of 5 plant species: Astragalus lasiophyllus Lеdеb., Astragalus vulpinus Willd., Matthiola tatarica (Pall.) DC., Eremurus inderiensis (M. Bieb.) Regel, Tragopogon ruber S.G. Gmel. on the territory of the Cretaceous massif Aktolagai. The coenopopulations of the species are located in the lower parts of the slopes, as well as aligned areas at the foot on cretaceous substrates, and on sandstone soils. The arithmetic density of the studied CPs varies from 2.2 to 6.6 ind./m2, the effective density varies from 1.6 to 4.9 ind./m2. The studied coenopopulations belong to normal incomplete ones. The most typical feature is the absence of seedlings, juvenile and senile individuals in the spectrum, while the peak falls on mature generative individuals, in the Mattiolla tatarica coenopopulations - on virginile individuals. Coenopopulations are heterogeneous in their type ("delta-omega" criterion): the Matthiola tatarica one is young, the CP of Astragalus lasiophyllus is transitional, the CPs of Astragalus vulpinus and Eremurus inderiensis are maturing, and the CP of Tragogon ruber is mature. The recruitment index in the studied populations is rather high (0.36–3.05), the agting index is equal or close to zero. Most morphometric features show low levels of variability and plasticity.
Lectotypification of Chamaecyparis hodginsii of the Cupressaceae
Authors: Yang Zhi , Yang Yong , Rushforth Keith
Published: November 2021

Recent phylogenetic studies have suggested that the monotypic Fokienia A.Henry & H.H.Thomas is nested within Chamaecyparis Spach, which is in agreement with separate morphological studies. Here the authors confirm a previous taxonomic treatment that incorporated Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) A.Henry & H.H.Thomas into Chamaecyparis based on the monophyly requirement of taxonomy, i.e. Chamaecyparis hodginsii (Dunn) Rushforth. In addition, the type collection of the basionym Cupressus hodginsii Dunn was found to contain three sheets of specimens, one in K including a vegetative branch (K000088294) and a separate ovulate cone (K001090486), a second one in A (A00022477), and a third one in IBSC (IBSC0016081). All three specimens are marked with Hongkong Herbarium No. 3505, but only the two specimens in K and IBSC possess similar handwriting of “Cupressus hodginsii Dunn”. The two specimens should be considered as syntypes according to the Shenzhen Code. The specimen in K is better preserved but it is a mixture according to the collection label: cones from Foochow (Fuzhou) and foliage from Yenping (Nanping). We lectotypified the name Cupressus hodginsii with K000088294 because the specimen is well preserved and has enough characters for identification. Moreover, an ovulate cone (K001090486) is on the same sheet.
Dataset: Feedback on the Path2Integrity learning cards for research integrity (2020)
Authors: Berg Ina , Prieß-Buchheit Julia
Published: November 2021

This dataset is drawn from feedback given by participants, lecturers, and experts on the Path2Integrity learning cards programme for research integrity in 2020. Positive as well as negative feedback is presented, thus recording what went well, what did not, and what must be improved. The data collected is viewed as crucial for the further development of tools for teaching and learning research integrity, in particular Path2Integrity’s learning cards.
Shadow ban
Authors: Badouard Romain
Published: November 2021

Les réseaux sociaux recourent, pour modérer les contenus, à un répertoire de stratégies inédites qui échappent aux catégories traditionnelles de la censure : les rendre invisibles sans les supprimer. Le pouvoir ainsi exercé sur l’accès à la visibilité est d’autant plus difficile à contrôler qu’il reste inaperçu.
Asymptotic spreading for Fisher-KPP reaction-diffusion equations with heterogeneous shifting diffusivity
Authors: Faye Grégory , Giletti Thomas , Holzer Matt
Published: November 2021

We determine the asymptotic spreading speed of the solutions of a Fisher-KPP reaction-diffusion equation, starting from compactly supported initial data, when the diffusion coefficient is a fixed bounded monotone profile that is shifted at a given forcing speed and satisfies a general uniform ellipticity condition. Depending on the monotonicity of the profile, we are able to characterize this spreading speed as a function of the forcing speed and the two linear spreading speeds associated to the asymptotic problems at \begin{document}$ x = \pm \infty $\end{document}. Most notably, when the profile of the diffusion coefficient is increasing we show that there is an intermediate range for the forcing speed where spreading actually occurs at a speed which is larger than the linear speed associated with the homogeneous state around the position of the front. We complement our study with the construction of strictly monotone traveling front solutions with strong exponential decay near the unstable state when the profile of the diffusion coefficient is decreasing and in the regime where the forcing speed is precisely the selected spreading speed.
On very strongly perfect Cartesian product graphs
Authors: Gandal Ganesh ,   Department of Mathematics, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600119, India, Jothi R Mary Jeya , Phadatare Narayan ,   Department of Mathematics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411007, India
Published: November 2021

Let $ G_1 \square G_2 $ be the Cartesian product of simple, connected and finite graphs $ G_1 $ and $ G_2 $. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the Cartesian product of graphs to be very strongly perfect. Further, we introduce and characterize the co-strongly perfect graph. The very strongly perfect graph is implemented in the real-time application of a wireless sensor network to optimize the set of master nodes to communicate and control nodes placed in the field.
Positive solutions of infinite coupled system of fractional differential equations in the sequence space of weighted means
Authors: Ghasemi Majid ,   Department of Mathematics, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran, Khanehgir Mahnaz , Allahyari Reza , Kayvanloo Hojjatollah Amiri
Published: November 2021

We first discuss the existence of solutions of the infinite system of $ (n-1, n) $-type semipositone boundary value problems (BVPs) of nonlinear fractional differential equations

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} D^{\alpha}_{0_+}u_i(\rho)+\eta f_i(\rho,v(\rho)) = 0,& \rho\in(0,1), \\ D^{\alpha}_{0_+}v_i(\rho)+\eta g_i(\rho,u(\rho)) = 0,& \rho\in(0,1), \\u_i^{(j)}(0) = v_{i}^{(j)}(0) = 0,& 0\leq j\leq n-2, \\ u_{i}(1) = \zeta\int_0^1 u_i(\vartheta)d\vartheta, \ v_{i}(1) = \zeta\int_0^1 v_i(\vartheta)d\vartheta,& i\in\mathbb{N},\\ \end{cases} \end{equation*} $\end{document}

in the sequence space of weighted means $ c_0(W_1, W_2, \Delta) $, where $ n\geq3 $, $ \alpha\in(n-1, n] $, $ \eta, \zeta $ are real numbers, $ 0 < \eta < \alpha, $ $ D^{\alpha}_{0_+} $ is the Riemann-Liouville's fractional derivative, and $ f_i, g_i, $ $ i = 1, 2, \ldots $, are semipositone and continuous. Our approach to the study of solvability is to use the technique of measure of noncompactness. Then, we find an interval of $ \eta $ such that for each $ \eta $ lying in this interval, the system of $ (n-1, n) $-type semipositone BVPs has a positive solution. Eventually, we demonstrate an example to show the effectiveness and usefulness of the obtained result.
What can we learn from COVID-19 data by using epidemic models with unidentified infectious cases?
Authors: Griette Quentin ,   Université de Bordeaux, IMB, UMR 5251, Talence F-33400, France CNRS, IMB, UMR 5251, Talence F-33400, France, Demongeot Jacques , Magal Pierre ,   Université Grenoble Alpes, AGEIS EA7407, La Tronche F-38700, France
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 outbreak, which started in late December 2019 and rapidly spread around the world, has been accompanied by an unprecedented release of data on reported cases. Our objective is to offer a fresh look at these data by coupling a phenomenological description to the epidemiological dynamics. We use a phenomenological model to describe and regularize the reported cases data. This phenomenological model is combined with an epidemic model having a time-dependent transmission rate. The time-dependent rate of transmission involves changes in social interactions between people as well as changes in host-pathogen interactions. Our method is applied to cumulative data of reported cases for eight different geographic areas. In the eight geographic areas considered, successive epidemic waves are matched with a phenomenological model and are connected to each other. We find a single epidemic model that coincides with the best fit to the data of the phenomenological model. By reconstructing the transmission rate from the data, we can understand the contributions of the changes in social interactions (contacts between individuals) on the one hand and the contributions of the epidemiological dynamics on the other hand. Our study provides a new method to compute the instantaneous reproduction number that turns out to stay below $ 3.5 $ from the early beginning of the epidemic. We deduce from the comparison of several instantaneous reproduction numbers that the social effects are the most important factor in understanding the epidemic wave dynamics for COVID-19. The instantaneous reproduction number stays below $ 3.5 $, which implies that it is sufficient to vaccinate $ 71\% $ of the population in each state or country considered in our study. Therefore, assuming the vaccines will remain efficient against the new variants and adjusting for higher confidence, it is sufficient to vaccinate $ 75-80\% $ to eliminate COVID-19 in each state or country.
Comprehensive analysis to identify DNA damage response-related lncRNA pairs as a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in gastric cancer
Authors: Yang Yuan ,   The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, Zhou Lingshan , Gou Xi , Wu Guozhi , Zheng Ya , Liu Min , Chen Zhaofeng , Wang Yuping , Ji Rui , Guo Qinghong , Zhou Yongning ,   Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China,   Gansu Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China,   Department of Geriatrics Ward 2, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
Published: November 2021

Objective

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The identification of valuable predictive signatures to improve the prognosis of patients with GC is becoming a realistic prospect. DNA damage response-related long noncoding ribonucleic acids (drlncRNAs) play an important role in the development of cancers. However, their prognostic and therapeutic values remain sparse in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods

We obtained the transcriptome data and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas Stomach Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-STAD) cohort. Co-expression network analyses were performed to discover functional modules using the igaph package. Subsequently, lncRNA pairs were identified by bioinformation analysis, and prognostic pairs were determined by univariate analysis, respectively. In addition, we utilized least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) cox regression analysis to construct the risk model based on lncRNA pairs. Then, we distinguished between the high- or low- risk groups from patients with GC based on the optimal model. Finally, we reevaluated the association between risk score and overall survival, tumor immune microenvironment, specific tumor-infiltrating immune cells related biomarkers, and the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents.

Results

32 drlncRNA pairs were obtained, and a 17-drlncRNA pairs signature was constructed to predict the overall survival of patients with GC. The ROC was 0.797, 0.812 and 0.821 at 1, 2, 3 years, respectively. After reclassifying these patients into different risk-groups, we could differentiate between them based on negative overall survival outcome, specialized tumor immune infiltration status, higher expressed immune cell related biomarkers, and a lower chemotherapeutics sensitivity. Compared with previous models, our model showed better performance with a higher ROC value.

Conclusion

The prognostic and therapeutic signature established by novel lncRNA pairs could provide promising prediction value, and guide individual treatment strategies in the future.
Well-Being and General Anxiety Among University of Michigan Dental Students
Authors: Ash Mark , Karl Elisabeta
Published: November 2021

BackgroundAnxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health conditions, affecting approximately 1 in 9 people worldwide. More specifically, dental students have been considered vulnerable to anxiety despite the fact that dental students have also reported high levels of well-being. Therefore, we hypothesize that University of Michigan School of Dentistry (UMSOD) dental students pose high levels of well-being but suffer from anxiety. Our objective is to measure anxiety and well-being levels among UMSOD dental students for 2 consecutive academic years.MethodsDental students (N = 609) were surveyed for well-being and general anxiety levels. To assess well-being and anxiety levels we used the World Health Organization–Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5) questionnaire and the General Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, respectively. Surveys were sent through Qualtrics. For statistical analysis, chi-square and t test were used at p < 0.05.ResultsThe mean well-being score among dental students was 12.26 (SD = 1.14). In the first survey moment for anxiety, which coincided with the week before the spring break in 2017, approximately 39% of the respondents (n = 255) scored 10 or higher on the GAD-7, which means moderate anxiety. In the second survey moment, the week after the spring break week in 2017, we found a slight but not significant reduction in anxiety levels, with approximately 32% of the responses (n = 109) of the dental students scoring 10 or higher on the GAD-7. Incoming first-year dental students before starting the dental school program presented well-being mean of 18 (SD = 0.60). Only 13% of incoming first-year dental students scored 10 or higher on anxiety before starting the school program. By the fall term, the well-being mean among incoming first-year dental students dropped to 13.29 (SD = 1.32), and 22% of the incoming first-year dental students scored 10 or higher in the GAD-7.ConclusionsUniversity of Michigan School of Dentistry dental students posed poor well-being and moderate anxiety. Incoming first-year dental students posed higher well-being and lower anxiety levels before starting the dental education program. However, as the academic year developed, incoming first-year dental students suffered a decrease in well-being and an increase in anxiety levels. Our study indicates a trend of poor well-being and high anxiety among UMSOD dental students.
Patient Knowledge of Opioid Usage and Side Effects Prior to Surgery
Authors: Duncan Anthony , Alameddine Mitchell , Baerg Timothy , Arora Nonie , Cottrell Hannah , Sekhri Shaina , Hallway Alex , Howard Ryan , Waljee Jennifer
Published: November 2021

BackgroundGiven the increasing morbidity and mortality related to prescription opioids in the United States, it is critical for patients to understand the risks and proper usage of opioid analgesics.MethodsWe surveyed 166 patients undergoing elective surgery at a single tertiary care facility preoperatively. We queried patients regarding aspects of prescription opioid use, side effects and adverse effects, and storage and disposal behaviors.ResultsOverall knowledge regarding prescription opioids was high (mean score = 8.05/12, range 0–12). The average number of questions answered correctly was not significantly different based on opioid use at the time of the survey (65% vs 67.5%, p = 0.52). Characteristics significantly associated with higher knowledge included young age (p = 0.01), female gender (p < 0.01), and white race (p = 0.01).ConclusionsPatient knowledge regarding prescription opioids is high preceding surgery, but gaps remain regarding side effects and adverse effects. Knowledge did not differ by prior or current opioid use, and these findings may help target important knowledge gaps to improve patient education regarding opioids during the preoperative period.
LncRNA FGD5-AS1 functions as an oncogene to upregulate GTPBP4 expression by sponging miR-873-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Nuobei , Shen Hao , Huang Shenan , Wang Fenfen , Liu Huifang , Xie Fen , Jiang Lei , Chen Xin
Published: November 2021

The long non-coding FGD5-AS1 (LncFGD5-AS1) has been reported to be a novel carcinogenic gene and participant in regulating tumor progression by sponging microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the pattern of expression and the biological role of FGD5-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. The expression level of FGD5-AS1 in tumor tissues and cell lines was measured by RT-qPCR. CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell chamber assays were performed to investigate the role of FGD5-AS1 in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in HCC. Dual luciferase reporter, and RNA pull-down assays were performed to identify the regulatory interactions among FGD5-AS1, miR-873-5p and GTP-binding protein 4 (GTPBP4). We found that the expression of FGD5-AS1 was upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, the knockdown of FGD5-AS1 suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced apoptosis in HCC cells. Further studies demonstrated that FGD5-AS1 could function as a competitive RNA by sponging miR-873-5p in HCC cells. Moreover, GTPBP4 was identified as direct downstream target of miR-873-5p in HCC cells and FGD5-AS1mediated the effects of GTPBP4 by competitively binding with miR-873-5p. Taken together, this study demonstrated the regulatory role of FGD5-AS1 in the progression of HCC and identified the miR-873-5p/GTPBP4 axis as the direct downstream pathway. It represents a promising novel therapeutic strategy for HCC patients.
First report of underwater oviposition by the island bluetail damselfly, Ischnura genei (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae)
Authors: Schifani Enrico
Published: November 2021

Among odonates that exhibit endophytic oviposition, a few, mostly damselflies, are known to be able to perform underwater oviposition. Among them, just a few species do so very frequently. Here I report the first observation of underwater oviposition for the damselfly Ischnura genei, which becomes the eighth species of its genus known to adopt this strategy after I. asiatica, I. aurora, I. elegans, I. graellsii, I. hastata, I. nursei, and I. verticalis. The reasons why these species or other odonates choose this particular mode of oviposition on rare occasions are not yet known, although a number of possible costs and benefits have been proposed.
Epiphytic lichens of woodland habitats in the lower Ticino river valley and in the “Bosco Siro Negri” Integral Nature State Reserve (NW Italy)
Authors: Gheza Gabriele , Juri Nascimbene  , Barcella Matteo , Bracco Francesco , Assini Silvia
Published: November 2021

Epiphytic lichens were surveyed in the “Bosco Siro Negri” Integral Nature State Reserve (province of Pavia, Lombardy, NW Italy), which hosts a well-preserved fragment of oak-elm floodplain forest (Natura 2000 Habitat 91F0). The core woodland fragment hosted only four species on the tree boles, i.e. Lepraria finkii plus the forest specialists Coenogonium pineti, Diarthonis spadicea, and Opegrapha vermicellifera. An additional eight nitro- and photophytic species were recorded on the highest twigs of the canopy. The whole Reserve, including the neighbouring degraded woodlands and poplar plantations, hosted 27 epiphytic lichen taxa. The lower Ticino River valley between Vigevano and Pavia, in which the Reserve is located, was surveyed for epiphytic lichens in an additional 45 sites, including 15 wellpreserved oak-elm/hornbeam woodlands (Habitat 91F0), 15 degraded broadleaved woodlands with high occurrence of black locust and 15 poplar plantations. Overall, 32 species were recorded. Well-preserved woodlands had a lower species richness, but they hosted forest specialists not occurring in the other two habitats. Graphis pulverulenta and Lecania cyrtellina are new to Lombardy. Anisomeridium polypori, Diarthonis spadicea, Lecanora expallens and Pseudoschismatomma rufescens are reported from Lombardy for the second time.
Muscle Synergies in People With Chronic Ankle Instability During Anticipated and Unanticipated Landing-Cutting Tasks
Authors: Kim Hoon , Palmieri-Smith Riann , Kipp Kristof
Published: November 2021

Context

Although neuromuscular deficits in people with chronic ankle instability (CAI) have been identified, previous researchers have mostly investigated the activation of multiple muscles in isolation. Investigating muscle synergies in people with CAI would provide information about the coordination and control of neuromuscular activation strategies and could supply important information for understanding and rehabilitating neuromuscular deficits in this population.

Objective

To assess and compare muscle synergies using nonnegative matrix factorization in people with CAI and healthy control individuals as they performed different landing-cutting tasks.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 11 people with CAI (5 men, 6 women; age = 22 ± 3 years, height = 1.68 ± 0.11 m, mass = 69.0 ± 19.1 kg) and 11 people without CAI serving as a healthy control group (5 men, 6 women; age = 23 ± 4 years, height = 1.74 ± 0.11 m, mass = 66.8 ± 15.5 kg) participated.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Muscle synergies were extracted from electromyography of the lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, fibularis longus, soleus, and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles during anticipated and unanticipated landing-cutting tasks. The number of synergies, activation coefficients, and muscle-specific weighting coefficients were compared between groups and across tasks.

Results

The number of muscle synergies was the same for each group and task. The CAI group exhibited greater TA weighting coefficients in synergy 1 than the control group (P = .02). In addition, both groups demonstrated greater fibularis longus (P = .03) weighting coefficients in synergy 2 during the unanticipated landing-cutting task than the anticipated landing-cutting task.

Conclusions

These results suggest that, although both groups used neuromuscular control strategies of similar complexity or dimensionality to perform the landing-cutting tasks, the CAI group displayed different muscle-specific weightings characterized by greater emphasis on TA function in synergy 1, which may reflect an effort to increase joint stability to compensate for ankle instability.
An Assessment of Which Sociodemographic and Spinal Cord Injury–Specific Characteristics Influence Engagement With Experimental Therapies and Participation in Clinical Trials
Authors: Pazzi Carlotta , Farrehi Clara , Capron Maclain , Anderson Kim , Richardson Bonnie , Stillman Michael
Published: November 2021

Background: Although a number of experimental therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) have recently emerged, few authors have examined the goals of individuals with SCI considering experimental therapies, and none have determined whether sociodemographic and injury-specific characteristics influence that engagement. Objectives: To determine (a) the goals of individuals with SCI who are considering experimental therapies; (b) whether sociodemographic factors, injury-specific characteristics, and concerns over adverse events influence those goals and/or participation in experimental therapies and clinical trials; and (c) whether people with SCI feel they have adequate information about experimental therapies and clinical trials. Methods: An online survey that yielded 364 responses. Results: Most respondents (83.7%) had sought information about experimental therapies, and just under half (47.8%) had received one. The most frequently cited functional goals were improvement in bowel and bladder function and elimination of dysreflexia (60.4%). Several goals were influenced by age and level and completeness of injury, and most respondents (93.4%) wanted more information about experimental therapies. Just over one-third (34.6%) of respondents had participated in a clinical trial, and nearly all (96.9%) wanted more information about them. Having received experimental therapies and participated in clinical trials was positively correlated with seeking SCI-specific care from an SCI specialist rather than from a primary care physician. Most (83.9%) respondents would avoid or be reluctant to engage with a medical center if they were made aware of harm done to trial participants. Conclusion: This work suggests that there are unmet information needs among people with SCI, specifically pertaining to experimental therapies and clinical trials. It also reveals that improved access to SCI specialists may enhance access to novel treatments and research efforts. Being made aware of harm to trial participants may influence the decision of individuals with SCI to seek care at or enroll in trials at these clinical sites.