bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Main peculiarities in the process of integration and social inclusion of refugees and/or forcibly displaced persons of various quintiles
Authors: Kupriianova Larysa , Kupriianova Daryna
Published: January 2024

The process of integration and social inclusion of representatives of various socio-economical quintiles has always been a controversial issue. Since the moment of massive influx of representatives of the “rich quintile” in the last decade, scientists alongside with the local community were tended to think that the financial prosperity and unordinary assets, properties, skills and knowledge, which make more difficult the process of a proper “distinguishing” refugees and/or forcibly displaced persons (it means, make them unrecognized as ones, who are in need of actual help) lead to disruption of supportive relationships between newcomers and accepting community. However, the practice of cooperation between people seeking for a refugee from one side and accepting community of global society, in particular, EU one from another one, shows that people coming from less favorable backgrounds and possessing less favorable starting points can also be discriminated and underestimated on their way to the wellbeing in a receiving community. In the following article we are presenting tools and methods of obtaining a necessary level of long lasting appropriate and sustainable societal development by enabling a proper level of integration and social inclusion of all quintiles of refugees/forcibly displaced persons by recognizing their current and/or future potential.
Особливості комунікативних характеристик студентів-психологів
Authors: Дзюбенко Валерія
Published: January 2024

Стаття присвячена розкриттю особливостей комунікативних характеристик студентів-психологів. Представлено актуальні дослідження комунікативної сфери майбутніх психологів, надано опис методики дослідження та характеристик вибірки. Проаналізовано показники комунікативних характеристик майбутніх фахівців психологічного профілю, їх тенденцій в комунікації, схильності до спілкування, афіліативної тенденції.
Дослідження системи страхів молодших школярів із різним рівнем адаптації до освітнього середовища
Authors: Колісник Тетяна
Published: January 2024

Стаття присвячена теоретичному та емпіричному аналізу проблеми системи страхів молодших школярів із різним рівнем адаптації до освітнього середовища. Обґрунтовано актуальність дослідження та описана його методика проведення. Описані результати емпіричного дослідження системи страхів дітей молодшого шкільного віку, відмінності проявів страхів у дітей з різним рівнем адаптації до освітнього простору.
Депутатська робота із виборцями у СРСР на прикладі діяльності А. С. Малишка
Authors: Плісецький Дімітрій
Published: January 2024

У статті розглядаються особливості депутатської діяльності у СРСР на прикладі радянського українського поета – Андрія Самійловича Малишка. Автор аналізує архівні матеріали, за допомогою яких прослідковуються основні проблеми громадян УРСР у період 1950 – 1960-х рр.
A discussion on gonorrhoea
Authors: Abdulkasymova Dinara , Felbi Thomas , Khan Shahbaz Mohammad Anwar  , Diksha Sharma  , Sudhakaranpillai Sabari  , Kalam Fathima , Rani Mol Sangeetha  , Abhay Kasana , Soumini Gouthami , Rishabh Choudhary  , Kamal Bhoi  , Advaid Anilkumar  , Megha Pulickal Madhu  , Majid Ali  , Muhammed Aminul Salim  , Suraj Sahni
Published: January 2024

Gonorrhoea, a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoea.It’s also sometimes called “the clap” or “drip.” It is the second most common STI and commonly co-occurs with other STIs (especially chlamydia trachomatis). It mostly affects the genital tract and genital area, also if the organism comes in contact with mucous membrane this can lead to infection, such as infections in lower urogenital tract, pharynx, anus/rectum, conjunctiva (eyes). Gonorrhoea is spread through sexual fluids, including vaginal fluid and semen. Often, gonorrhoea doesn’t cause symptoms, especially in people assigned female at birth. When present, symptoms differ. It could lead to long-term health problems and infertility, but antibiotics can cure it and reduce the chance of complications.
Modern bioecological studies of natural phytocenoses of the Lankaran region
Authors: Mammadova Roza , Aliyeva Matanat
Published: January 2024

The article examines the current ecological state of individual natural hay fields on the banks of the Lankaran region, which is a very economically important zone of Azerbaijan with a subtropical climate, and the Khanbulanchay reservoir, which is the main source of irrigation in this area analyzed. In all citrus plants, there is a tendency for chlorophyll content to increase from top to bottom from the leaves of the upper tier to the lower ones. The general results of research over the past three years can be used in modern environmental assessments and as literary material.
FACTORS OF AN ACTIVE PERSONAL POSITION REGARDING PROFESSIONAL ADAPTATION IN THE MODERN LABOR MARKET
Authors: Pavlov Yu. O.
Published: January 2024

The article emphasizes that the respondents are insufficiently aware of the value of the personal role of the results of their own work, their own professional development, the level of their professionalization as factors of work efficiency and the professional activity of the work institution, which significantly affects the competitiveness of future specialists, the effectiveness of their work, success and self-realization in the modern labor market. In modern working conditions, in the conditions of market transformations, the problem of professional adaptation acquires special importance. Strictly speaking, this is a problem of ability, which is characterized, first of all, by the level of activity of a specialist in the implementation of outlined goals regarding professional choice in solving real problems and situations at the stage of professional formation and professional self-development in new conditions of activity. A condition for successful professional adaptation and self-realization of young people is persistent and intense work, first of all, in mastering modern personal and professional competencies, conditions for self-development, readiness for independent professional choice at all stages of professional development. The implementation of professional and pedagogical adaptation of the future specialist involves, first of all, the formation of an individual style of activity, provided that the selection of adaptive factors is carried out by analyzing the personal and professional potential of the future specialist, comparing the professional and personal orientations and capabilities of the individual, comparing them with the capabilities of the individual himself in relation to the realities of pedagogical activity in conditions of market changes.
Meteorological characteristics of extreme ozone pollution events in China and their future predictions
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhou Yang , Wang Hailong , Li Mengyun , Li Huimin , Wang Pinya , Yue Xu , Li Ke , Zhu Jia , Liao Hong
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Ozone (O3) has become one of the most concerning air pollutants in China in recent decades. In this study, based on surface observations, reanalysis data, global atmospheric chemistry model simulations, and multi-model future predictions, meteorological characteristics conducive to extreme O3 pollution in various regions of China are investigated, and their historical changes and future trends are analyzed. During the most severe O3 polluted months, the chemical production of O3 is enhanced under the hot and dry conditions over the North China Plain (NCP) in June 2018 and the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) in July 2017, while regional transport is the main reason for the severe O3 pollution over the Sichuan Basin (SCB) in July 2015 and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in September 2019. Over the last 4 decades, the frequencies of high-temperature and low-relative-humidity conditions increased in 2000–2019 relative to 1980–1999, indicating that O3 pollution in both the NCP and YRD has become more frequent under historical climate change. In the SCB and PRD, the occurrence of atmospheric circulation patterns similar to those during the most polluted months increased, together with the more frequent hot and dry conditions, contributing to the increases in severe O3 pollution in the SCB and PRD during 1980–2019. In the future (by 2100), the frequencies of months with anomalous high temperature show stronger increasing trends in the high-forcing scenario (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP5-8.5)) compared to the sustainable scenario (SSP1-2.6) in China. It suggests that high anthropogenic forcing will not only lead to slow economic growth and climate warming but also likely result in environmental pollution issues.
Observational relationships between ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor under a wide range of meteorological and turbulent conditions: RITA-2021 campaign
Authors: Schulte Ruben B. , Vilà-Guerau de Arellano Jordi , Rutledge-Jonker Susanna , van der Graaf Shelley , Zhang Jun , van Zanten Margreet C.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. We present a comprehensive observational approach that aims to establish relationships between the surface–atmosphere exchange of ammonia (NH3) and CO2 uptake and transpiration by vegetation. In doing so, we study relationships useful for the improvement and development of NH3 flux representations in models. The NH3 concentration and flux are measured using a novel open-path miniDOAS (differential optical absorption spectroscopy) measurement setup, taken during the 5-week Ruisdael Land–Atmosphere Interactions Intensive Trace-gas and Aerosol measurement (RITA-2021) campaign (25 August until 12 October 2021) at the Ruisdael Observatory in Cabauw, the Netherlands. After filtering for unobstructed flow, sufficient turbulent mixing and CO2 uptake, we find the diurnal variability in the NH3 flux to be characterized by daytime emissions (0.05 µgm-2s-1 on average) and deposition at sunrise and sunset (−0.05 µgm-2s-1 on average). We first compare the NH3 flux to the observed gross primary production (GPP), representing CO2 uptake, and latent heat flux (LvE), representing net evaporation. Next, we study the observations following the main drivers of the dynamic vegetation response, which are photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), temperature (T) and the water vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Our findings indicate the dominance of the stomatal emission of NH3, with a high correlation between the observed emissions and both LvE (0.70) and PAR (0.72), as well as close similarities in the diurnal variability in the NH3 flux and GPP. However, efforts to establish relationships are hampered by the high diversity in the NH3 sources of the active agricultural region and the low data availability after filtering. Our findings show the need to collocate meteorological, carbon and nitrogen studies to advance our understanding of NH3 surface exchange and its representation.
Loess formation and chronology at the Palaeolithic key site Rheindahlen, Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany
Authors: Kehl Martin , Seeger Katharina , Pötter Stephan , Schulte Philipp , Klasen Nicole , Zickel Mirijam , Pastoors Andreas , Claßen Erich
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The loess–palaeosol sequence and intercalated Palaeolithic find layers at the former brickyard of Rheindahlen are matters of ongoing scientific dispute. The age of different palaeosols and loess layers, hence their correlation with the global climate cycles, and the timing of repeated Neanderthal occupations have been hotly debated. These disagreements should be solved because the exceptional sedimentary and Palaeolithic sequences at Rheindahlen provide a unique opportunity to study diachronic changes in Neanderthal behaviour within the context of past climate change. We thus revisited one of the key loess sections of the Rheindahlen site to improve our understanding of loess formation processes and provide a more reliable chronostratigraphic framework for the sequence. High-resolution grain size analyses and micromorphology show that the Erkelenz Soil and the Rheindahlen Soil are characterized by more strongly developed Bt horizons than the modern soil. While these soils represent interglacial phases, the lowermost palaeosol likely formed during an interstadial and has been overprinted by weak clay illuviation during the formation of the Rheindahlen Soil. Sedimentary features of prolonged frost characterize loess and palaeosols below the modern soil and give indirect evidence for a Holocene age of the uppermost part of the sequence. Our luminescence dating approach corroborates this correlation and adds several Last Glacial deposition ages for the upper metres of the sequence. Previous correlation of this part of the sedimentary sequence with the penultimate glacial is thus rejected, whereas placing the Middle Palaeolithic inventories A3, B1, and B2 into the Last Glacial is confirmed. Luminescence measurements for the parental loess of the Erkelenz Soil and for loess layers below did not provide reliable ages probably related to signal saturation. The age of this part of the sequence thus remains open, hence the timing of human occupation testified by Palaeolithic inventories B3, B4/5, C1, and D1. The new findings provide an improved base for stratigraphic correlation of the Rheindahlen loess sequence and for investigating diachronic change in Neanderthal behaviour against the background of past climate change.
A Guide of Indicators Creation for Critical Infrastructures Resilience. Based on a Multi-criteria Framework Focusing on Optimisation Actions for Road Transport System
Authors: Yang Zhuyu , Barroca Bruno , Mebarki Ahmed , Laffréchine Katia , Dolidon Hélène , Lilas Lionel
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Criteria and indicators are frequently used for assessing the resilience of Critical Infrastructures (CIs). However, the application of the concept of CIs resilience in practical disaster management is challenged by the lack of operational tools. An operational tool should enable the establishment of an organized system of indicators and optimising operational practice. Therefore, to address the operationalisation of resilience assessment, the main objective of this study is to develop a step-by-step guide for the creation of specific indicators aimed at different practical situations. This guide can assist CIs managers in their decision-making as it is structured based on a multi-criteria framework that considers the various interests of stakeholders. This guide includes the methods for Criteria and indicators setting, reference definition, and data collection. Furthermore, this study presents an example of the application of the guide. This example is based on a given scenario focusing on the Nantes Ring Road (NRR) network: when it is flooded and closed, the road network manager suggests alternative roads to citizens. The created indicators, based on this scenario and involved 62 676 data, relate to potential damages and costs-benefit and involve technical, social, and environmental dimensions.
Cooling efficacy of trees across cities is determined by background climate, urban morphology, and tree trait
Authors: Li Haiwei , Zhao Yongling , Wang Chenghao , Ürge-Vorsatz Diana , Carmeliet Jan , Bardhan Ronita
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Rapid increases in heat exposure in urban areas, fueled by both climate change and urban heat islands (UHI), are manifesting as a pressing concern. Planting and conserving urban trees is one of the pivotal strategies in mitigating outdoor heat and optimizing thermal comfort. We present an integrated review and meta-analysis of 131 studies conducted in the past 13 years, investigating the cooling effects of trees across 15 climate types in 85 global cities or regions. The cooling efficacy of trees is mainly determined by interconnecting urban morphology, tree traits, and, critically, the prevailing background climates. Our meta-analysis reveals that the cooling effects of urban trees observed in hot climates are significant due to low latitudes, along with their substantial solar radiation blockage and pronounced transpirational cooling. Moreover, an optimal level of transpirational cooling can be achieved at relatively lower humidity levels. However, in tropical and arid climates, extreme conditions involving high temperatures and vapor pressure deficits may trigger stomata closure in leaves, thereby impeding transpirational cooling. Our review further underscores the guiding principles of optimizing urban morphology by arranging buildings and trees, as well as selecting suitable tree species according to their traits to enhance the cooling effects of trees in different climates. The cooling effects of trees demonstrate a nonlinear increase in correlation with higher leaf area index (LAI), leaf area density (LAD), tree canopy coverage, and, inversely, a lower sky view factor (SVF). This systematic review and meta-analysis serve as a critical resource for researchers, urban planners, and policymakers striving to mitigate urban heat by strategically using urban trees.
Computationally efficient parameter estimation for high-dimensional ocean biogeochemical models
Authors: Kern Skyler , McGuinn Mary E. , Smith Katherine M. , Pinardi Nadia , Niemeyer Kyle E. , Lovenduski Nicole S. , Hamlington Peter E.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Biogeochemical (BGC) models are widely used in ocean simulations for a range of applications but typically include parameters that are determined based on a combination of empiricism and convention. Here, we describe and demonstrate an optimization-based parameter estimation method for high-dimensional (in parameter space) BGC ocean models. Our computationally efficient method combines the respective benefits of global and local optimization techniques and enables simultaneous parameter estimation at multiple ocean locations using multiple state variables. We demonstrate the method for a 17-state-variable BGC model with 51 uncertain parameters, where a one-dimensional (in space) physical model is used to represent vertical mixing. We perform a twin-simulation experiment to test the accuracy of the method in recovering known parameters. We then use the method to simultaneously match multi-variable observational data collected at sites in the subtropical North Atlantic and Pacific. We examine the effects of different objective functions, sometimes referred to as cost functions, which quantify the disagreement between model and observational data. We further examine increasing levels of data sparsity and the choice of state variables used during the optimization. We end with a discussion of how the method can be applied to other BGC models, ocean locations, and mixing representations.
Monsoon Mission Coupled Forecast System version 2.0: model description and Indian monsoon simulations
Authors: Jain Deepeshkumar , Rao Suryachandra A. , Dandi Ramu A. , Pillai Prasanth A. , Srivastava Ankur , Pradhan Maheswar , Gangadharan Kiran V.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. We present the Monsoon Mission Coupled Forecast System version 2.0 (MMCFSv2) model, which substantially upgrades the present operational MMCFSv1 (version 1) at the India Meteorology Department. The latest 25 years (1998–2022) of retrospective seasonal coupled hindcast simulations of the Indian summer monsoon with April initial conditions from Coupled Forecast System Reanalysis are discussed. MMCFSv2 simulates the tropical wind, rainfall, and temperature structure reasonably well. MMCFSv2 captures surface winds well and reduces precipitation biases over land, except over India and North America. The dry bias over these regions remained like in MMCFSv1. MMCFSv2 captures significant features of the Indian monsoon, including the intensity and location of the maximum precipitation centers and the large-scale monsoon circulation. MMCFSv2 improves the phase skill (anomaly correlation coefficient) of the interannual variation of Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) by 17 % and enhances the amplitude skill (normalized root mean square error) by 20 %. MMCFSv2 shows improved teleconnections of ISMR with the equatorial Indian and Pacific oceans. This 25-year hindcast dataset will serve as the baseline for future sensitivity studies of MMCFSv2.
The impact of long-term changes in ocean waves and storm surge on coastal shoreline change: A case study of Bass Strait and south-east Australia
Authors: Ghanavati Mandana , Young Ian , Kirezci Ebru , Liu Jin
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Numerous studies have demonstrated that significant global changes in wave and storm surge conditions have occurred over recent decades. Climate projections indicate such changes are likely to continue out to at least 2100. As coastlines respond to the environmental forcing of waves and storm surges, the question of whether the observed and projected changes in waves and storm surges, will impact coastlines in the future, is important. Previous global-scale analyses of these issues have been inconclusive. This study investigates the south-east coast of Australia over a period of 26 years (1988–2013). Over this period, this area has experienced some of the largest changes in wave climate of any coastal region, globally. The analysis uses high-resolution hindcast data of waves and storm surge, together with satellite observations of shoreline change. All datasets have been previously extensively validated against in situ measurements. The results show that beaches along this region appear to have responded to the increases in wave energy flux and changes in wave direction. This has enhanced non-equilibrium longshore drift and recession of the coastline, with recession rates of up to 1 m/year.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DENGAN KEJADIAN ULKUS KAKI DIABETIKUM
Authors: - Heri Budiawan , Bayu Brahmatia  , Yuyun Solihatin  , Indra Gunawan  , Miftahul Falah  , Fitri Nurlina
Published: January 2024

Prevalensi diabetes melitus tipe 2 mencapai 90-95% dari semua tipe. Salah satu komplikasi diabetes melitus yaitu ulkus kaki yang beresiko 5 kali lebih mudah terjadi pada penderita diabetes melitus dibandingkan penderita tanpa diabetes melitus. Studi epidemologi menyatakan lebih dari satu juta amputasi dilakukan pada penderita diabetes melitus setiap tahunnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan karakteristik pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan kejadian ulkus kaki menggunakan metode deskriptif correlational. Populasi pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 sejumlah 42 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan yaitu data sekunder menggunakan instrumen lembar pengkajian keperawatan. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square untuk menentukan hubungan antara variabel karakteristik pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan kejadian ulkus kaki diabetikum. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel karakteristik pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan kejadian ulkus kaki diabetikum di Klinik Az-zahra Medika Kota Tasikmalaya yaitu: jenis kelamin (ρ = 1.000), usia (ρ = 0.608 ), Indeks Masa Tubuh (ρ = 0.799), gula darah sewaktu (ρ = 1.000), tekanan darah (ρ = 0.354), lamanya mengalami penyakit diabetes melitus tipe 2 (ρ = 0.87). Bidang keperawatan diharapkan dapat membuat protap bahwa setiap pasien diabetes melitus dengan ulkus kaki atau tidak, harus diberikan konseling tentang pencegahan terjadinya ulkus kaki diabetikum ataupun pencegahan

perkembangan ulkus kaki diabetikum.
DAMPAK KECANDUAN MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL REMAJA: STUDI CROSS SECTIONAL
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati
Published: January 2024

Latar belakang: Penggunaan media sosial telah dikaitkan dengan berbagai masalah kesehatan mental, termasuk depresi dan kecemasan. Memahami dampak penggunaan media sosial terhadap kesehatan mental sangat penting karena dapat menginformasikan strategi untuk mempromosikan kesehatan di era digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecanduan media sosial dengan kondisi kesehatan mental pada remaja.

Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional yang  dilakukan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Empat Lima, Jurusan Keperawatan, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia.  Sebanyak 215 partisipan diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Variabel independen meliputi usia, frekuensi beribadah, jenis media sosial, durasi penggunaan media sosial, dan skor kecanduan media sosial. Variabel dependen adalah kondisi kesehatan mental. Data kondisi kesehatan mental dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan Kuesioner Penilaian Kondisi Kesehatan Mental. Kecanduan media sosial diukur dengan menggunakan Kuesioner Penilaian Kecanduan Media Sosial. Data dianalisis dengan regresi logistik berganda.

Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis regresi logistik berganda, partisipan yang secara teratur menggunakan media sosial selama lebih dari dua jam memiliki kemungkinan 1,55 kali lebih besar untuk memiliki kesehatan mental yang buruk dibandingkan individu yang hanya menggunakannya selama dua jam atau kurang dari itu (aOR = 1,55; 95%CI = 0,84 hingga 2,86; p = 0,018). Jika dibandingkan dengan peserta dengan skor kecanduan media sosial yang rendah, peserta dengan kecanduan media sosial yang tinggi memiliki

6,93 kali lebih besar kemungkinannya untuk memiliki kesehatan mental yang buruk (aOR= 6,93; 95% CI=3,63 hingga 13,22; p=0,000).

Kesimpulan: Menggunakan media sosial selama lebih dari dua jam dikaitkan dengan risiko kesehatan mental yang lebih tinggi. Skor kecanduan media sosial yang tinggi secara signifikan terkait dengan kemungkinan kesehatan mental yang buruk.

 

Kata kunci: Kecanduan, remaja, kesehatan mental, media sosial, remaja
EFEKTIVITAS DAUN KEMANGI (OCIMUM BASILICUM L) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN : LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Egi Andrian Mulyana  , Fitriah Andriyani Ramadan  , Linda Febriana  , Raffila Syifaun Niam  , Regina Aulia Sa’diah  , Heri Ridwan  , Diding Kelana Setiadi
Published: January 2024

Pendahuluan Kulit kering termasuk dalam sepuluh penyakit paling banyak terjadi di Indonesia. Kulit kering bisa diatasi dengan meggunakan pelembab atau body lotion. Kemangi (Ocimum Basiliticum L) merupakan salah satu tammanan yang mengandung antioksidan. Tanaman kemangi mempunyai nilai antioksidan yang kuat yaitu IC50 sebesar 52,68 ppm. Antioksidan mempunyain banyak manfaat salah satunya yaitu mencegah kulit kering dan munculnya penuaan pada kulit. Kandungan kimia yang ada dalam tamanan kemangi yaitu: flafonoid, tanin, saponin, triterpenoid, pentosa, asa, heksauronat, asam metil homoanisat, xilosa, asam ursolat dan molludisstin

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kandungan antioksidan pada daun kemangi yang bisa dimanfaaatkan untuk melembabkan kulit.

Metode penelitian ini menggunakan tinjauan literatur sistematis dari jurnal nasional menggunakan metode PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Review and Meta-analyses) dengan menggunakan empat tahapan pencarian literatur seperti identifikasi, penyaringan/skrining, kelayakan dan hasil yang akan diterima

Hasil kombinasi gel ekstrak daun kemangi dan ekstrak total menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis, sebagai pembanding nilai IC50 berada pada kirasan 4,75 ppm yang memiliki antioksidan sangat kuat.

Kesimpulan kemangi memiliki banyak senyawa metabilit dan termasuk tanaman yang mudah ditemukan, dan terbukti memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang kuat.

Kata kunci: Daun Kemangi, Antioksidan
SIMULTANEOUS SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF CONGENITAL BICUSPID AORTIC VALVE AND GASTRIC CANCER: A CASE REPORT
Authors: ABDIKARIMOV A. , BASHABAYEV A.
Published: January 2024

Relevance: Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract and the fifth leading cause in overall cancer statistics. Diseases of the cardiovascular system are the leading cause of death worldwide. A high prevalence of both diseases increases the chances of their co-morbidity.

The study aimed to present a case where a patient undergoes two simultaneous procedures for two diseases and discuss possible surgical tactics, advantages, and disadvantages.

Methods:

Results: In this case report, we present simultaneous surgical procedures performed on a 49-year-old male with a history of congenital bicuspid aortic valve and gastric cancer, found incidentally on upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. Since the patient was a good fit, he qualified for simultaneous surgery on the heart and abdomen.

The surgery results were good, and the patient was discharged 8 days after surgery.

Conclusion: Performing simultaneous surgery for both the abdomen and heart can be a safe procedure that allows people with malignant diseases to receive adjuvant therapy faster by minimizing the interval between surgeries.
Impact of Capital Flight on Gross Fixed Capital Formation in Nigeria
Authors: R. M. Okpara , N. E. Uguru , L. O. Achara , A. Nwokoro
Published: January 2024

Capital flight remains a controversial issue which its impact yields no good to any economy in which it is taking place. The main aim of the study was to investigate the nature of the relationship existing between capital flight and gross fixed capital formation in Nigeria. We used the World Bank residual approach to measure capital flight. Data from 1981 to 2020 was sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. The study relied on an autoregressive distributed lag model for analysis. Our empirical analysis revealed that a negative relationship exists between gross fixed capital formation and capital flight in Nigeria. We therefore suggest reducing interest rate as this will encourage investors to access more credit facilities and increase domestic investment which will help to reduce the menace of capital flight in the country.
Everything you always wanted to demand from a digital Sunsensor but couldn't get
Authors:   Lens R&D B.V., Noordwijk, Netherlands, Leijtens Johan , Broekmans Dick , Stelwagen Frank
Published: January 2024

True digital Sunsensors have been under development for a number of decades but until now it has proven to be very difficult to produce a radiation hard device that is cost effective enough to find widespread use.

Analogue fine Sunsensors would fit the bill for every mission if it weren't for the Earth albedo sensitivity and the analogue interface.

Adding the processing electronics adds significant more cost and complexity that the costs associated with the sensor itself and avoiding significant albedo errors is only possible by very carefully placing the sensors in combination with restrictions on the satellite pointing.

Having an albedo insensitive sensor with a digital interface available would therefore lead to significant cost savings and reduction of application constraints.

Producing a cost effective radiation hardened true digital Sunsensor is only possible if a dedicated single chip solution is found. Currently Lens R&D B.V and Systematic Design B.V with assistance of ESA experts are working on the development of such a solution within an ESA ARTES program.

In order to remain technically feasible but still cost effective, a number of compromises needed to be made which will be addressed during the presentation.

Although the cost target is twice the price of an ESA qualified Analogue fine Sunsensor, cost savings in the processing electronics will lead to significant cost savings at system level if this target can be achieved.
CHEOPS: AOCS in-flight experience
Authors:   Airbus Defence and Space, Madrid, Spain, López Pina Amador , Pizarro Rubio Alberto
Published: January 2024

CHEOPS (CHaracterizing ExoPlanet Satellite) is the first mission dedicated to search for transits of exoplanets using ultrahigh precision photometry on bright stars already known to host planets. It is the first ESA S-class (small) mission, and it has been implemented by means of a partnership with Switzerland, which among other tasks was in charge of scientific lead and instrument development. Airbus Defence and Space Spain has been the prime designer and manufacturer of the platform, also conducting the satellite design, integration, validation and tests. Finally, Airbus has been responsible to lead and execute the LEOP and IOC activities and has also acted as Mission Control System provider. CHEOPS was successfully launched from Kourou on December 18th, 2019 as a co-passenger embarked on a Soyuz launcher. At the end of the in-orbit commissioning, the spacecraft started its nominal three years mission. The platform is based on AS250 product line from Airbus, which has been adapted to a scientific mission (a goal different from Earth Observation, which is the aim of this product line). The AOCS features a gyroless solution and it implements a payload in the loop design. The pointing performances highly improve the required APE of 4 arcseconds at 68%, reaching values below 1 arcsecond. Considering the mission needs, the design of the platform does not embark a GPS receiver, and orbit determination is based on Doppler measurements, which allows estimating the orbit on ground. The state vector is periodically and automatically uplinked from ground and subsequently propagated onboard. Besides review of achieved performances, this paper will detail in orbit experience for payload in the loop behaviour for non-standard phases like occultations, atmospheric Line of Sight passes and the update of the navigation function to work without GPS measurements. Based on the high scientific return of the mission and the excellent performance (including AOCS behaviour), CHEOPS lifetime has been extended, potentially up to 2028.
Cis-Lunar Transfer Vehicle: Mission Analysis for an ESA Transfer Vehicle to the Gateway
Authors:   Airbus Defence & Space, Toulouse, France, Locoche Slim , Delage Rémi , Leblond Philippe , Martens Waldemar , Bucci Lorenzo , Grenouilleau Jessica , Vivenzio Salvatore , Lamy Alain
Published: January 2024

In 2018, the International Space Exploration Coordination Group proposed international agreements on space exploration: expand human presence into the Solar System, with the surface of Mars as a common driving goal and prepare for space exploration missions beginning with the ISS and continuing to the lunar vicinity, the lunar surface, then on to Mars. The development and deployment of a lunar orbital platform gateway concept, called the Gateway, has been proposed as an intermediate step towards deep space travel. The Gateway would be placed in a Near Rectilinear Halo Orbit (NRHO) which has been identified as a suitable orbit for fulfilling the various mission requirements. The Gateway would, for instance, host crews on their way to the Moon surface or serve as an assembly point for the various elements of lunar landers.

In order to fulfil some of these exploration objectives, the study of a Cis-Lunar Transfer Vehicle (CLTV) concept has been performed at Airbus Defence and Space under the supervision of the European Space Agency: in its initial configuration, the CLTV would be an unmanned expendable space transport vehicle designed for logistic servicing of the Gateway. It provides the capabilities of delivering pressurized and unpressurized cargoes to the Gateway and serves for the Human Landing System Refuelling. The CLTV uses the ARIANE 6 EVO launch services for the launch and then performs the transfer to the Gateway’s NRHO. Once this orbit is reached, the CLTV performs autonomously all the operations until docking to the Gateway.

This study investigates the available Earth to NRHO transfer options with the objective of providing useful information for a mission architecture and system trade-off in order to define one or more transfer baseline. In particular, 1) the launch options – launch into Lunar Transfer Orbits or into Earth bounded orbits such as GTO, launch inclination and 2) transfer types – from short transfers to the NRHO with and without powered gravity assist to long low-energy transfers are optimized and assessed in a high-fidelity model. The feasibility and robustness of these options under realistic operational requirements are analysed and the overall mission performance (payload delivery, transfer duration, launch window, etc …) is assessed and traded providing a broad scope of future transfer options from Earth to the Gateway. Finally, a preliminary assessment of the operational concept of the far rendezvous with the Gateway are shown for the investigated transfer options.
Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulations of a Navigation Camera in a Cometary Dust Environment
Authors:   Danish Technical University (DTU Space), Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark, Toldbo Christina , Henneke Jesper , Leif Jørgensen John , Bodin Per , Courson Robin
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a novel hardware-in-the loop (HIL) simulation tool with the capability to accurately and realistically test the response of optical systems during a fly-by of a comet through the central coma region i.e. in a heavy dust environment. The HIL simulations are performed using the Dynamic Optical Ground Support Equipment (DOGSE) developed at DTU Space which can expose representative optical sensors to high fidelity, dynamic, optical stimulations on a small, high-resolution screen, thus enabling flexible, yet complex HIL simulation tests.

The simulations are part of a predevelopment activity within the Comet Interceptor AOCS/GNC preliminary design with OHB Sweden leading the effort. The Comet Interceptor mission aims to intercept a Dynamically New Comet or an interstellar body with the closest encounter at a distance of less than 1000 km from the comet nucleus and a relative velocity between 10 and 70 km/s. The spacecraft will be launched towards the Sun-Earth L2 (SEL2) Lagrange point where it will wait up to three years until an interesting target object is identified. The spacecraft will then initiate a transfer phase which will last between 0.5 and 4 years. The final approach starts approximately 60 days before the encounter and mission success depend on the navigation system ensuring that the spacecraft can track the comet nucleus throughout the encounter. The navigation solution is realized with navigation cameras in combination with star trackers, and with an on-board navigation filter which processes and fuses the measurement data.

Due to the inherent uncertainties associated with intercepting an a priori unknown, fast-moving comet with an unknown and likely dynamic dust environment it is essential that new, effective, and flexible methods for testing fly-by scenarios are developed and refined. The DOGSE tool is partially automated to test mission scenarios with a fast turn-around and it can realistically display the translucent coma against an accurate projection of the starry sky (i.e. stars can be observed through the dust). The tool takes as its input a trajectory file and generate synthetic images of the comet based on a detailed cometary dust distribution model in the vicinity of the comet nucleus, including distributions of different particle sizes, their phase angle dependent albedo and Sun-distance dependence.

This paper presents current results from the HIL simulations based on the navigation architecture of the Comet-I mission and describes how the dynamic optical stimulator is calibrated and handled. Results include the operation of the navigation camera and the performance of star tracker functionality from afar to the closets encounter in the coma dust environment.
MSR-ERO Rendezvous Navigation Sensors and Image Processing
Authors:   Airbus Defence and Space, Toulouse, France, Kanani Keyvan , Marchand Alex , Falcoz Alexandre , Kracht Christian , Röll Tristan , Kämpfe Thomas , Lecocq Antoine , Richert Michaël , Goux Pierre , Bomer Thierry , Novelli Léo , Lorenzoni Leila , Sanchez Gestido Manuel
Published: January 2024

The ESA/NASA Mars Sample Return campaign aims to return to Earth samples of Mars materials. The samples will be collected by the NASA provided perseverance rover, assembled in the Orbiting Sample which will then be injected in the Mars orbit by the NASA provided Mars Ascent Vehicle. The ESA provided Earth Return Orbiter (ERO) vehicle will then autonomously detect and rendezvous with the Orbiting Sample (OS) container in low Mars orbit, capture it, seal it, and safely bring it back to Earth. Airbus Defence and Space, under ESA contract, is designing and developing the ERO spacecraft and, in particular, its vision-based GNC system to be used during rendezvous (RDV).

The GNC system includes two types of vision sensors: a Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) and a Light Detection and Ranging device (LiDAR), integrating their own image processing to provide ERO navigation with measurements of OS relative position.

From the navigation standpoint, the MSR-ERO rendezvous is a non-cooperative rendezvous scenario with a target vehicle (the OS) characterized by an uncontrolled fast tumbling motion. Choice has been made to divide rendezvous into a far range phase (from ~50km to ~500m) and a close range phase (from ~500m to capture). In the far range the vision system is required to provide only OS relative line of sight (LoS) using the Narrow Angle Camera (NAC), provided by Sodern, as main sensor. The NAC has a 4.5deg field of view (FoV) and 1Mpx detector (Faintstar2). It integrates a centre of brightness algorithm robust to proton impacts on the detector. In the close range the main sensor is a scanning LiDAR provided by Jena-Optronik with an adaptable FoV from 0.5° to 40° and a maximum scan frequency of 2Hz which integrates a 3D barycentring processing to assess the OS position from 3D point cloud directly measured by the LiDAR.

This paper focuses on the vision sensors of MSR-ERO spacecraft. In a first section, it describes the MSR mission, including its requirements, and recalls the vision sensor trade-off done in the early phases of MSR-ERO project. Then, the vision sensor architecture within the ERO system and the sensors operation concept (board/ground) are presented in the second section and, in the third section, the selected sensors as well as their image processing are described in more details. An overview of their development plans is provided in the conclusions, together with the preliminary performance test results.
Ariel - AOCS overview, Safe Mode and Normal Mode design
Authors:   Airbus Defence and Space Ltd., Stevenage, United Kingdom, Chapman Patrick , Hamilton Warren , Aguiar Goncalo , Broquet Renaud , Sechi Gianfranco , Saavedra Criado Gonzalo
Published: January 2024

Ariel (Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey) is an ESA scientific mission whose mission is to measure the spectrum of a large population of known transiting planets in our galaxy. To achieve this, it has a large telescope and an infra-red spectrometer payload, which has challenging AOCS requirements.

The main driving requirements for AOCS are sun angle exclusion zone requirements, which apply from launcher separation, and the fine pointing mode requirements for the observation phase at the sun-earth Lagrange L2 orbit. Fine pointing requires reaction wheels with built-in speed controllers, and using payload Fine Guidance Sensors in the loop.

This paper presents an overview of the Ariel mission and the AOCS design, particularly the safe mode and fine pointing mode.
Using a Star-tracker in degraded modes: outputs of the STEAM R&D study
Authors:   Airbus Defence And Space, Toulouse, France, Lagadec Kristen , Aguiar Gonçalo , Rudolph Tobias
Published: January 2024

Star trackers have become ubiquitous on space missions. Their versatility is unparalleled, while their track record belies their apparent internal complexity. One counter-intuitive benefit arising from said complexity is that they have no trivial failure mode in which an invalid attitude measurement can be wrongly flagged as valid. This allows to trust them enough to include STR measurements in the mix of AOCS observables in safe mode.

The approach inspiring the STEAM study was to investigate the possibility of using star trackers as the backbone for a generic safe mode architecture (which can be instantiated with or without the STR). We will be presenting the main outcomes of this study:

- Verification of robustness of real STR HW to high angular rate and high radiation levels with optical stimulation test benches

- Architecture definition of a generic safe mode, with a versatile attitude determination module that can incorporate STR measurements seamlessly in the overall attitude determination mix, while still capable of sun-pointing convergence in the absence of STR or gyro data.

- Detailed performance simulations for the safe mode, when instantiated for 2 very different and very challenging science mission safe modes: an Ariel-like and an Envision-like use case.

- Real-time closed-loop tests with the STR in the loop confirming the good behaviour.

A main conclusion of the study was that all of the perceived obstacles to the use of STR measurements in safe mode have been successfully addressed and overcome, and that future projects could greatly benefit from the added flexibility and functionality.
Low-thrust deorbiting after dual reaction wheel failure: autonomous attitude guidance and hybrid actuator control mode
Authors:   Airbus Defence And Space, Toulouse, France, Aymon Rémi , Caravaca Rémi , Ozenne Antoine
Published: January 2024

For large constellations comprising several hundred satellites, the risk of double failure will no longer be extremely improbable. Today a configuration where only two reaction wheels out of four remain functional (in a 3-for-4 redundancy scheme), means a complete loss of attitude control, especially when the bus does not have a chemical reaction control system to fall back to. The resulting inability to perform deorbiting operations would leave a derelict satellite at the mission altitude of the constellation, becoming a permanent collision hazard. Avoiding this risk today for sustainable space development calls for adding a redundant wheel to the avionics design, or deorbiting the satellite after the first failure.

To address this, Airbus DS has developed a new de-orbiting mode called CONDOR (CONtingency DeORbiting) which recovers sufficient controllability to effectively de-orbit the spacecraft using only two functional RWs. The use case is here the ARROW platform, which serves as the generic avionics architecture for constellations and small sat programs, but the mode could be extended to any spacecraft with a magnetic control capability.

The main design principle consists in completing the partial loss of controllability (along the normal to the controllability plane of the two remaining RWs) with magnetic control. As magnetic control authority is generally far below that of reaction wheels, the direction of the magnetic field in the satellite’s frame must be optimized. Along with the need to maintain thrust attitude while protecting the field of view of at least one star tracker against blinding or obstruction at all times, this leads to an over-constrained attitude guidance problem. Using an innovative autonomous potential-based guidance function with a very robust obstacle avoidance feature, we have extensively consolidated the feasibility of guaranteeing 3-axis attitude controllability during the thrust phase, allowing the spacecraft to perform de-orbiting even after a dual RW failure.