bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concerning the Verity of the MMRD Relation for Novae
Authors: Shafter Allen W. , Clark J. Grace , Hornoch Kamil
Published: September 2023

It has long been claimed that novae reaching the highest luminosity at the peak of their eruptions appear to fade the fastest from maximum light. The relationship between peak brightness and fade rate is known as the Maximum-Magnitude, Rate-of-Decline (MMRD) relation. Lightcurve parameters for the most recent sample of M31 recurrent novae are presented and used to buttress the case that the observed MMRD relation can be explained as a consequence of observational selection effects coupled with expectations from standard nova models.
Patient Safety Error Reporting Education for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Scoping Review
Authors: Song Mi Ok , Yun So Young , Jang Aeri
Published: September 2023

Background:

Patient safety error reporting is essential for learning and preventing errors, and nursing students should develop error reporting capabilities through error reporting education. This study examined undergraduate error reporting education to identify a sustainable development direction.

Method:

A systematic literature search of three major scientific databases identified nine articles that met the inclusion criteria. Data on error reporting education features and future error reporting education challenges were extracted.

Results:

Eight studies presented content and error levels according to World Health Organization incident type. Simulations and error reporting systems were used frequently as teaching-learning methods. Although most programs involved Level 3 of Kirkpatrick's levels in error reporting education, programs involving innovative thinking for sustainable error reporting education development are lacking.

Conclusion:

For more effective error reporting education, active teaching methods such as virtual reality simulations and planning, applying, and evaluating methods for long-term direct clinical error reporting are required.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2023;62(9):489–494.]
A pre-processing procedure for the implementation of the greedy rank-one algorithm to solve high-dimensional linear systems
Authors: Conejero J. Alberto , Falcó Antonio , Mora–Jiménez María
Published: September 2023

Algorithms that use tensor decompositions are widely used due to how well they perfor with large amounts of data. Among them, we find the algorithms that search for the solution of a linear system in separated form, where the greedy rank-one update method stands out, to be the starting point of the famous proper generalized decomposition family. When the matrices of these systems have a particular structure, called a Laplacian-like matrix which is related to the aspect of the Laplacian operator, the convergence of the previous method is faster and more accurate. The main goal of this paper is to provide a procedure that explicitly gives, for a given square matrix, its best approximation to the set of Laplacian-like matrices. Clearly, if the residue of this approximation is zero, we will be able to solve, by using the greedy rank-one update algorithm, the associated linear system at a lower computational cost. As a particular example, we prove that the discretization of a general partial differential equation of the second order without mixed derivatives can be written as a linear system with a Laplacian-type matrix. Finally, some numerical examples based on partial differential equations are given.
On commutativity of quotient semirings through generalized derivations
Authors: Mahmood Tariq , Ali Liaqat , Aslam Muhammad , Farid Ghulam
Published: September 2023

This research article aims to study quotient MA-semirings determined by the prime ideals. Derivations are important tools to study algebraic structures. We establish some theorems on commutativity of quotient MA-semirings under certain differential identities. Results of this paper are extensions of many well known facts of this topic.
Trust-Supporting Design Elements as Signals for AI-Based Chatbots in Customer Service
Authors: Sonntag Martin , Mehmann Jens , Teuteberg Frank
Published: September 2023

In the present study, different trust factors regarding customers' perceptions of their intention to interact with or without trust-supporting design elements as signals (stimuli) in an artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbot in customer service are identified. Based on 199 publications, a research model is derived for identifying and evaluating various variables influencing customers' views of their intention to interact with or without trust-supporting design elements as signals (stimuli) in AI-based chatbots in customer service. The research approach of the study model includes the influencing variables of perceived security and traceability, perceived social presence, and trust. A survey with 158 survey participants is used to empirically evaluate the model developed. One of the main findings of this research study is that perceived security and comprehensibility have a significant influence on the usage intention of an AI-based chatbot with trust-supporting design elements as signals (stimuli) in customer service.
Effect of Microstructure Change on Mechanical Properties after High Temperature Forming of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Authors: Lee Jae Gwan , Lee Yong Jae , Lee Dong Geun
Published: September 2023

Ti-6Al-4V alloy is not easy to machine complicated shapes due to its low thermal conductivity, so high-temperature forming techniques such as ring-rolling are being applied. When this high-temperature forming technology is applied, the microstructure is greatly changed by process variables, and the mechanical properties of the forming product are also different accordingly. In particular, in the case of the Widmanst tten structure, α lamellar spacing and colony size have a great influence on mechanical properties. Therefore, in this study, the most suitable process conditions were selected by performing a high-temperature compression test to apply the ring-rolling process to the Ti-6Al-4V alloy used as an aerospace material. After that, the microstructure of the forming product was observed, the effects of α lamellar spacing and colony size on the mechanical properties were confirmed, and the correlation between mechanical properties and microstructure was evaluated based on this.
Study on the Parameters of MAPLE and PLD Coating Technologies for Optimal Corrosion Resistance of MnTa2O6 Pseudo-Binary Oxide and 5,10-(4-Carboxy-Phenyl)-15,20-(4-Phenoxy-Phenyl)-Porphyrin Thin Film Coating System
Authors: Murariu Alin Constantin , Cocard Marius , Geana Alexandru Adrian , Socol Gabriel
Published: September 2023

This paper presents the results of factorial experiment applied to optimize Matrix‑Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE) and Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) coating technologies used to improve the corrosion resistance of steels. MnTa2O6 pseudo-binary oxides and 5,10-(4-carboxy-phenyl)-15,20-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-porphyrin was used for these experiments to obtained thin film coating system of hybrid nanostructures. Based on factorial experiments, correlations between the main technological parameters of the coating process (MAPLE laser energy EMAPLE [mJ], PLD laser energy EPLD [mJ]) and porphyrin concentration and the main related property of the coating system (corrosion protection factor) were determined. The base material used as substrate in the experiments was S235JR+C. Electrochemical measurements showed that by applying the appropriate parameters of the coating technologies, homogeneous layered sandwich thin films were obtained and corrosion rate was reduced by more than 7 times.
Simulation and Experimental Study of Water Soot Blower for Pulverized-Coal Boiler Based on Discrete Phase Model
Authors: Plangsrinont Teewin , Nakkiew Wasawat , Baisukhan Adirek , Khamput Sasithorn
Published: September 2023

A pulverized-coal boiler is a type of boiler that is commonly seen in power plants. During an operation, a portion of the coal is converted to ash. The consequence is a cause of slagging on the furnace wall and a considerable loss in heat transfer performance. In coal-fired power plants, slagging is one of the most common causes of maintenance issues. This problem can be resolved by using a water soot blower cleaning system. It shoots a high-pressure jet of water through a hole in the side of the furnace’s wall to clean the opposite wall surfaces. This study presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) investigation of the water soot blower trajectory with a flow field in full-scale boiler. Multiphase-flow simulation is utilized. The turbulence model couple and Discrete Phase Model are used to analyze flow field in boiler and water soot blower trajectory, respectively. The aim is to accurately determine an injection angle degree for the water soot blower. The CFD results are compared with the experiment of water soot blower shooting in Cold Air Velocity Test (CAVT) conditions. The results of the study show that the simulation results agree with the experimental data. Moreover, the velocity profile of numerical study shows that the effect of flow field in boiler has little effect on the water soot blower trajectory.
Influence of Electrical Parameters on the Machining Performance in the Small Hole Drilling by EDM Process
Authors: Jamkamon Kamonpong , Kumkoon Piyapong , Chuvaree Suppawat
Published: September 2023

This research aims to study the influence of controlled parameters on the machining performance for small hole drilling by an electrical discharge machine. Tubular copper with an outside diameter of 1 mm was used as an electrode. JIS SKD 61 grade steel at a depth of 40 mm for machining was used as a workpiece. The experimental results show that machining speed and electrode wear drastically increased with the discharge current. The high machining performance with varied pulse on-time occurred in the range of 16 to 28 μs. The machining time and electrode wear ratio increased with a decreased pulse off-time. In addition, the lowest difference in the dimension of the entrance and exit of the drilled hole at approximately 0.030 mm appeared at the pulse off-time of 6 μs. However, the high machining speed and electrode wear ratio occurred at the low dielectric pressure of 20 kg/cm2. Furthermore, the machining performance reduced and slightly fluctuated with the varied dielectric pressure in the range of 40 to 80 kg/cm2.
Prediction of Axial Force on Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys Friction Stir Welding Using Design of Experiment
Authors: Baisukhan Adirek , Nakkiew Wasawat
Published: September 2023

Friction stir welding (FSW) has become very popular for joining similar or dissimilar aluminum alloys. The heat used for this welding process is caused by friction between the welding tool and the workpiece which the axial force, the main parameter for heat generation, plays a very important role. Insufficient heat during welding will result in defective workpieces. This research is aimed to predict the axial force from the relevant factors of the FSW of dissimilar materials (aluminum alloys AA2024-T3 and AA6061-T6). The 23 full factorial design with center point was used for this experiment that consisted of 3 main factors: 1) rotation speed (rpm), 2) welding speed (mm/min), and 3) pin geometry each factor has 2 levels and 2 replications with the total of 20 experiments. The axial force data of each experiment were collected using a stationary dynamometer which obtained the data acquisition every 0.1 seconds (frequency of 10 Hz). The results from the design of experiment were analyzed by statistical method at the significance level of α = 0.05 which found that the significance and the optimum value of the main factors were rotation speed of 1500 rpm, welding speed of 35 mm/min, pin geometry of tri flat threaded, and the 2-way interaction between rotation speed and pin geometry. Furthermore, the prediction of the average axial force value on dissimilar aluminum alloys obtained from the specified parameters equals 478.91 N.
Tuning the Diamagnetic Susceptibility and Electron Average Position in a GaAs Hemi-Spherical Quantum Dot with an Off-Center Donor Atom
Authors: Mommadi O. , Boussetta Reda , Chouef Soufiane , Hbibi Mohammed , Chnafi Mohamed , Belamkadem Laaziz , El Moussaouy Abdelaaziz , Duque Carlos Mario , Duque Carlos Alberto , Falyouni Farid , El-Miad Abdelhamid Kerkour
Published: September 2023

The Langevin theory of diamagnetism is used to examine the effects of geometric confinement and hydrogenic impurity location on the diamagnetic susceptibility in a GaAs hemispherical quantum dot with an infinite confinement potential considered as vacuum. Using the finite difference approach and the effective mass approximation, the electron-donor Schrödinger equations are derived. As a function of the size of the hemi-spherical quantum dot, the mean value of the electron location and electron to ionized donor atom distance are investigated, taking into account the various impurity positions. The results show that shrinking the size of the hemi-spherical quantum dot improves the diamagnetic susceptibility by reducing the electron-donor distance. The major findings show that the donor impurity location has a significant impact on the diamagnetic susceptibility. We believe that the findings from our work into the diamagnetic susceptibility of quantum dots will be crucial in determining how well optoelectronic devices will operate.
Development of Microporous Breathable Polyethylene Film Using Different Types of Linear Low-Density Polyethylene with Calcium Carbonate as Filler
Authors: Tay Joo Yee , Steven Lim , Mah Shee Keat , Tan Yoke Meng
Published: September 2023

In order to improve the conformity of the glove wearers, the microporous breathable polyethylene gloves are developed using Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Ziegler-Natta Linear-Low Density Polyethylene (ZNLLDPE), Metallocene Linear-Low Density Polyethylene (MLLDPE) and calcium carbonate filler (CC). In this study, LDPE/ZNLLDPE/CC and LDPE/MLLDPE/CC microporous films were prepared to investigate the influence of ZNLLDPE and MLLDPE on the film breathability and elongation. The microporous films were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis and Particulate Filtration Efficiency (PFE) analysis, Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) testing and mechanical properties testing. Based on the result, LDPE-MLLDPE film yielded film breathability of 335.73 g/m2 ∙ day which is 95.3% higher than LDPE-ZNLLDPE film due to the higher LDPE-MLLDPE film crystallinity and prominent dewetting behaviour between CC and LDPE/MLLDPE matrix. Moreover, the high degree of tie molecules in MLLDPE enabled the film to stretch further upon film elongation. Therefore, LDPE-MLLDPE film showed up to 207.2% comparatively better film elongation than LDPE-ZNLLDPE film. The improved film breathability and film elongation render the mixture of LDPE/MLLDPE/CC as a better material for breathable polyethylene glove production.
La progressione della malattia renale cronica
Authors: Manfellotto Dario , Pinna Giuliano
Published: September 2023

La progressione della malattia renale cronicaG. Pinna

Basso peso alla nascita, numero di nefroni e malattia renale cronicaD. Manfellotto, M. Cortinovis, N. Perico, G. Remuzzi

Malattia renale in corso di diabete mellito: vecchi e nuovi paradigmiE. Gatti, I. Pellicelli, A. Bovino, D. Fasano, E. Gnappi, L. Zerbini, A. Magnano, S. Pioli, L. Bianchi, A. Caiazza, T.M. Attardo, M. Meschi

Il ruolo dell’ipertensione arteriosa nella malattia renale cronica: vittima e colpevoleA. De Pascalis, D. Vetrano, A. Tomassetti, S. Bianchi, G. Cianciolo

Il ruolo dell’autoimmunità nelle malattie renaliM. Giliberti, V. Di Leo, E.D. Stea, A. Mitrotti, L. Gesualdo

Transizione dal danno renale acuto alla malattia renale cronicaF. Di Mario, M.C. Pacchiarini, E. Fiaccadori

Le frontiere del trattamento dell’iperpotassiemiaA. Montagnani, M. Caselli, S. Cappelli
CHARGE syndrome and congenital heart diseases: systematic review of literature
Authors: Polito Maria Vincenza , Ferraioli Mario , Nocilla Alessandra , Coppola Guido , D'Auria Federica , Marzano Antonio , Barnabei Luca , Malinconico Marisa , Bossone Eduardo , Ferrara Francesco
Published: September 2023

CHARGE syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic disease that affects many areas of the body. The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the prevalence and types of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in CS and their impact on clinical outcome. A systematic review from 1981 to September 2022 was conducted. Clinical studies that reported the association between CS and CHDs were identified, including a case report of a rare congenital anomaly of the aortic arch (AA) with persistent fifth aortic arch (PFAA). Demographic, clinical and outcome data were extracted and analyzed. Sixty-eight studies (44 case reports and 24 case series; n=943 CS patients) were included. The prevalence of CHDs was 76.6%, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 26%, ventricular (VSD) 21%, atrial septal defects (ASD) 18%, tetralogy of Fallot 11%, aortic abnormalities 24%. PFAA has not been previously reported in CS. Cardiac surgery was performed in more than half of CS patients (150/242, 62%). In-hospital mortality rate was about 9.5% (n=86/900) in case series studies and 12% (n=5/43) in case reports, including cardiovascular (CV) and non-CV causes. CHDs and feeding disorders associated with CS may have a substantial impact on prognosis. CHDs were usually associated with CS and represent important causes of morbidity and mortality. PFAA, although rare, may also be present. The prognosis is highly dependent on the presence of cardiac and non-cardiac developmental abnormalities. Further studies are needed to better identify the main causes of the long-term outcome of CS patients.
Endobronchial ultrasound sonographic characteristics of mediastinal lymph node in evaluation of lung cancer
Authors: Pattnaik Manoranjan , Patra Jeetendra Kumar , Jha Onkar Kumar
Published: September 2023

Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) are essential components of lung cancer evaluation. Features of mediastinal lymph nodes on EBUS and CECT can help in predicting metastatic disease. Clinical, radiological and EBUS data of patients with clinico-radiological suspicion of lung cancer and have undergone EBUS with no trans-bronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) or nonyielding EBUS-TBNA were retrospectively collected from medical records. EBUS features of lymph nodes for metastatic disease [Size >1cm, round shape, heterogeneous echo-texture, indistinct margin, coagulation necrosis(CN), absence of central hilar structures (CHS) and grade II-III vascularity] were noted. CECT findings were noted from CECT films and reports to analyse and compare with EBUS findings. Scoring criteria of EBUS sonographic characteristics from previous studies for discriminating benign and malignant lymph-nodes were also assessed for possible prediction. Thirty-one (31) patients [male=18 (58.1%), female=13 (41.9); age (mean±SD) =52.9±15.7 years] with CECT findings suggesting lung cancer were studied. EBUS showed mediastinal lymphadenopathy at 82 lymph node station in 29 patients. Size>1cm, round shape, heterogeneous echo-texture, distinct margin, CN, absence of CHS and grade II-III vascularity at 33 (40%), 28 (34%), 31 (38%), 55 (67%), 3 (4%), 77 (94%) and 6 (7.3%) lymph nodes, respectively. Malignant or benign status assigned to lymph nodes using different scoring criteria were highly discordant. Compared to EBUS, CECT revealed abnormal mediastinal lymph nodes (LN) in significantly less number of patients [21( 67.7%) vs 29 (93.5%), p=0.01] involving less number of lymph node stations (LNS) [(37 vs 82, p<0.001]. Lymphadenopathy frequency at different LNS on EBUS and CECT showed a weak positive but significant correlation (r=0.356; p=0.0426). EBUS characteristics and related scores have limited accuracy in differentiating benign and malignant nodes. CECT underestimates lymph-adenopathy in comparison to EBUS. Larger prospective study of EBUS features with cyto/histo-pathology correlation may elicit its clinical significance and help to create a better and composite scoring criteria.
Tako-Tsubo syndrome in patients with COVID-19: a single centre retrospective case series
Authors: Alonzo Alessandro , Di Fusco Stefania Angela , Castello Lorenzo , Matteucci Andrea , Spinelli Antonella , Marino Gaetano , Aquilani Stefano , Imperoli Giuseppe , Colivicchi Furio
Published: September 2023

Growing evidence shows that COVID-19 is associated with an increase in Tako-Tsubo syndrome (TTS) incidence. We collected data from patients hospitalized in our multidisciplinary COVID-19 department who had a diagnosis of TTS during the second and third wave of the pandemic in Italy. We reported four cases of TTS associated with COVID-19. No patient had any classical trigger for TTS except for COVID-19. Mean age was 72 years (67-81) and all patients had a SARS-CoV-2-related interstitial pneumonia confirmed by computed tomography. Typical apical ballooning and transitory reduction in left ventricle (LV) systolic function with a complete recovery before discharge were observed in all patients. The mean LV ejection fraction (LVEF) at TTS onset was 42% (40-48%). ECG showed ST-segment elevation in two cases, while an evolution with negative T waves and QTc prolongation was observed in all patients. Three patients underwent coronary angiography. Two patients had Alzheimer’s disease. The time interval from hospital admission to TTS onset was 4 (2-6) days, and the time interval from COVID-19 symptom onset to TTS diagnosis was 10 (8-12) days.  COVID-19 may be a trigger for TTS, though TTS pathophysiology in COVID-19 patients remains unclear, likely due to its multifactorial nature.
Commento al caso clinico: La figura paterna per una coppia lesbica che sta facendo procreazione medicalmente assistita
Authors: Argento Valentina
Published: September 2023

Riflettere sul caso di Lia implica partire dalla fase evolutiva in cui si trova, ovvero dalla genitorialità, collocata all’interno di una coppia lesbica che sta facendo procreazione medicalmente assistita. La genitorialità può essere intesa anche come un processo che sappiamo consentire il passaggio dall’’essere oggetto di cura’ all’essere in grado di dare cura. Mi concentrerò dunque sull’ipotesi dell’importanza che assume la funzione genitoriale per Lia, sia in termini astratti, pensabili in qualità di tematiche identitarie, che in termini pratici e quindi agibili. Di fronte alla prospettiva di diventare genitore l’individuo si trova a confrontarsi inevitabilmente con l’interiorizzazione delle esperienze più significative con le proprie figure di attaccamento, in altre parole con il proprio ‘genitore interno’, con tutti i vissuti ad esso connessi. [...]
Factors that motivate millennial accountancy professionals in industry to become academics
Authors: Leonard Christi , Moolman Jaco , Shuttleworth Christina C.
Published: September 2023

Orientation: Exploring the reasons why millennial chartered accountants choose to pursue a career in academia is fundamental to the future and advancement of the accountancy profession.Research purpose: This article examines the factors that could motivate a millennial accountancy professional to join academia and to describe the lived experiences of accountancy academics in the context of career identity and situational circumstances from London’s theory of career motivation.Motivation for the study: Tertiary accountancy education holds a national interest, which elevates the importance of attracting and retaining suitably qualified accountancy lecturers.Research approach/design and method: As part of interpretative phenomenological analysis, semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with 14 current and former open distance learning accountancy academics in South Africa.Main findings: The research showed that flexible work schedules, the opportunity to teach, work in an autonomous environment and the desire to improve society were significant drivers for professional accountants to join academia. Research ranked as an insignificant motivating factor to join academia, although their retrospective views show the importance for those hoping to remain in academia to embrace it.Practical/managerial implications: This study may be useful to current and aspiring millennial accountancy academics, at universities offering accountancy or chartered accountancy programmes and to their human resource practitioners.Contribution/value-add: The research clarified the prospective perceptions and multi-layered motivational factors that could influence millennial accountancy professionals to join academia as well as the retrospective views from the lived experiences of accountancy lecturers in the context of London’s theory of career motivation.
Comparative evaluation and influence of various staining agents on color stability and fluorescence of different esthetic orthodontic wires: An in vitro study
Authors: Saveri Katragadda , Rachala Madhukar R. , Dasari Arun K. , Mallikarjun Vankre , Nikhil Sakam , Gurram Dhana P.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES:

This study aimed to compare and evaluate the effect of three staining solutions on the color stability of three different brands of esthetic archwires using a spectrophotometer and also to compare the fluorescence of esthetic archwires with extracted human teeth.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 84 nickel–titanium (NiTi)-coated esthetic archwires with the same cross section and size (0.016 × 0.022″) were included. All samples were divided into four groups of 21 each, that is, group 1: artificial saliva (AS), group 2: coffee (C) solution, group 3: turmeric (T) solution, and group 4: chlorhexidine (CH) mouth rinse; each group was subdivided into three subgroups of seven each (Opal Classic (OC), Libral Rabbit Force (LRF), and Ortho Organizers (OO)). The baseline value (T0) was measured before immersion in the staining solution and then immersed in the staining solution for 21 days. The color measurements were recorded at different time intervals on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days using a spectrophotometer. The fluorescence of archwires is tested in a dark atmosphere using a fluorescent black lamp. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and post hoc Bonferroni test.

RESULTS:

A significant amount of color change in all three brands of archwires from day 0 to day 21 (p < 0.005) was observed, except for OC in the CH mouth rinse group (p = 0.230). The fluorescence of OO matches with the natural teeth.

CONCLUSION:

LRF showed the highest overall color change followed by OO and OC. Turmeric is the most chromogenic agent, followed by Coffee and CH mouth rinse.
Sterilizing orthodontic appliances: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the available methods
Authors: Abutayyem Huda , Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Kanwal Bushra , Alswairki Haytham J. , Alogaibi Yahya A.
Published: September 2023

Infection control is essential to protect both the doctor and the patient by preventing the spread of infectious diseases. There is no exception in the field of dentistry, particularly in orthodontics, where numerous appliances are used for a variety of functions and also because the mouth cavity has the highest concentration of bacteria of any body part. Through this systematic review, we aimed to assess the various methods of sterilization employed in an orthodontic setting. Using relevant keywords, reference searches, and citation searches, the databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus were all searched; a total of 206 documents were found, of which 113 were initially selected. The remaining 23 distinct papers were initially made available after 90 publications that were identical to or similar to one another were eliminated. The final selection was made from eight documents that met all inclusion and exclusion requirements. The existing methods of sterilization were found to be competent in dealing with the microorganisms found in a typical orthodontic setting. The chemical method of sterilization was the norm in most of the studies that we assessed, with glutaraldehyde and peracetic acid (PAA) being the most commonly employed compounds for disinfection.

PROSPERO Registration Number:

CRD42022380831.
The data preprocessing in improving the classification quality of network intrusion detection systems
Authors: Thanh Hoàng Ngoc
Published: September 2023

Stream-based intrusion detection is a growing problem in computer network security environments. Many previous researches have applied machine learning as a method to detect attacks in network intrusion detection systems. However, these methods still have limitations of low accuracy and high false alarm rate. To improve the quality of classification, this paper proposes two solutions in the data preprocessing stage, that is, the solution of feature selection and resampling of the training dataset before they are used for training the classifiers. This is based on the fact that there is a lot of class imbalanced data in the training dataset used for network intrusion detection systems, as well as that there are many features in the dataset that are irrelevant to the classification goal, this reduces the quality of classification and increases the computation time. The data after preprocessing by the proposed algorithms is used to train the classifiers using different machine learning algorithms including: Decision Trees, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines, k Nearest Neighbor and Artificial Neural Network. The training and testing results on the UNSW-NB15 dataset show that: as with the Reconnaissance attack type, the proposed feature selection solution for F-Measure achieves 96.31%, an increase of 19.64%; the proposed oversampling solution for F-Measure achieves 6.99%, an increase of 3.17% and the proposed undersampling solution for F-Measure achieves 94.65%, an increase of 11.42%.
A tracial characterization of Furstenberg’s conjecture
Authors: Bruce Chris , Scarparo Eduardo
Published: September 2023

We investigate almost minimal actions of abelian groups and their crossed products. As an application, given multiplicatively independent integers p and q, we show that Furstenberg’s
$\times p,\times q$
conjecture holds if and only if the canonical trace is the only faithful extreme tracial state on the
$C^*$
-algebra of the group
$\mathbb {Z}[\frac {1}{pq}]\rtimes \mathbb {Z}^2$
. We also compute the primitive ideal space and K-theory of
$C^*(\mathbb {Z}[\frac {1}{pq}]\rtimes \mathbb {Z}^2)$
.
Utilization of Waste Electricity in Microgrid Environments
Authors: Tyne Shelby
Published: September 2023

With the increased demand for electricity due to the rapid expansion of EV charging infrastructure, weather events, and a shift towards smaller, more environmentally responsible forms of renewable sources of energy, Microgrids are increasing in growth and popularity. The integration of real time communication between all PGSs (Power Generating Sources) and loadbanks has allowed the re-utilization of waste electricity. Pop-up Microgrids in PSPS events have become more popular and feasible in providing small to medium size transmission and distribution. Due to the differing characteristics of the PGSs, it is a challenge to efficiently engage the combined PGSs in harmony and have them share and carry the load of the microgrid with minimal ‘infighting.’ Different Power generating sources each have their own personality and unique ‘quirks.’ With loadbanks being able to perform various functions automatically by monitoring and responding to individual PGSs needs and demands, efficiency is improved and waste electricity is diverted to where it is required. The main useful functions of loadbanks mentioned in this paper represent individual desired functions. Maximizing the symbiosis in this microsystem by creating a common network and protocol environment between all components in the microgrid, adaptive automation is achieved. Refinements in translation of protocols into a standardization of SAE J1939 and CANOPEN from RS485 and MODBUS protocols contribute to the robustness of the framework including loadbanks. The Loadbank translates J1939 PGN messages on the CANBUS and reacts according to parameters from various ECM’s in the Power Generating Units, EGT, Voltage, Current and electrical load among others. Remote telemetry minimizes fault finding and common alarms are easily addressed remotely. Instituting EV charging and battery storage charging infrastructure on the backend of parasitic loadbanks in the microgrid environment maximizes otherwise wasted electricity whilst performing automated functions.
Harnessing the Digital Transformation for Development of Electrified Aircraft Propulsion Control Systems
Authors: Litt Jonathan S.
Published: September 2023

Hybrid electric aircraft propulsion is an emerging technology that presents a variety of potential benefits along with technical integration challenges. Developing these new propulsion architectures with their complex control systems, and ultimately proving their benefit, is a multistep process. This process includes concept development and analysis, dynamic simulation, hardware-in-the-loop testing, full-scale testing, and so on. This effort is being revolutionized and indeed enabled by new digital tools that support increasing the technology readiness level throughout the maturation process. As part of this Digital Transformation, NASA has developed a suite of publicly available digital tools that facilitate the path from concept to implementation. This paper describes the NASA-developed tools and puts them in the context of control system development for hybrid electric aircraft propulsion. The three MATLAB®-based software packages are the Toolbox for the Modeling and Analysis of Thermodynamic Systems (T-MATS), the Electrical Modeling and Thermal Analysis Toolbox (EMTAT), and the Thermal Systems Analysis Toolbox (TSAT). These tools are interactive, complementary, and compatible with each other. T-MATS is a modular thermodynamic modeling framework designed for creating custom component level models of jet engines. EMTAT is a modeling framework used to simulate a variety of power electronic devices, using both physics-based and power flow calculations. TSAT is a framework for modeling and analysis of dynamic heat transfer. These packages all consist of graphical, drag-and-drop, parameterizable building blocks representing various components of the system to be modeled, e.g., compressors, turbines, motors, energy storage devices, etc. They are designed to enable the user to model and simulate the end-to-end dynamic operation of a hybrid electric gas turbine engine powertrain at the timescale of the turbomachinery, capturing mechanical, electrical, and thermal interactions. This paper demonstrates through multiple examples how these tools have been used successfully in a variety of applications, including several of the early stages of hybrid electric gas turbine engine propulsion system development, from the initial system modeling to real-time interactive pilot-in-the-loop simulation to physical hardware-in-the-loop testing, each step bringing the technology closer to fruition.
An Approach for Incorporating Learning into System Design: System Level Assessment Methodology
Authors: Genter David Paul , Bauer Stephanie
Published: September 2023

Shafaat and Kenley in 2015 identified the opportunity to improve System Engineering Standards by incorporating the design principle of learning. The System Level Assessment (SLA) Methodology is an approach that fulfills this need by efficiently capturing the learnings of a team of subject matter experts in the early stages of product system design. By gathering expertise, design considerations are identified that when used with market and business requirements improve the overall quality of the product system. To evaluate the effectiveness of this approach, the methodology has been successfully applied over 400 times within each realm of the New Product Introduction process, including most recently to a Technology Development program (in the earliest stages of the design process) to assess the viability of various electrification technologies under consideration by an automotive Tier 1 supplier. The SLA-derived approach taken on this program showed the potential to reduce the level of redesign work, migrating the design ownership to a system-level, while significantly increasing the number of invention disclosures compared to an equivalent technology developed using traditional methods. Using the SLA method yielded 170% more invention disclosures, of which more than 40% were converted to patent filings.
Cybersecurity for Propulsion Systems
Authors:   E-36 Electronic Engine Controls Committee
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is to provide guidance for aircraft engine and propeller systems (hereafter referred to as propulsion systems) certification for cybersecurity. Compliance for cybersecurity requires that the engine control, propeller control, monitoring system, and all auxiliary equipment systems and networks associated with the propulsion system (such as nacelle systems, overspeed governors, and thrust reversers) be protected from intentional unauthorized electronic interactions (IUEI) that may result in an adverse effect on the safety of the propulsion system or the airplane. This involves identification of security risks, their mitigation, verification of protections, and their maintenance in service.

This document is intended to serve as suitable guidance for propulsion system manufacturers and applicants for propulsion system type certification. It is also intended to provide guidance for subsequent propulsion system integration into aircraft systems for aircraft certification and operational use.
Fused Filament Fabrication Process- Stratasys Fortus 900mc Plus with Type 1, Class 1, Form 1, Grade 0, Natural Color Material for
Authors:   AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Non-Metallic
Published: September 2023

This specification establishes the critical controls and requirements for the production of reliable, repeatable, reproducible aerospace parts by the Stratasys Fortus 900mc Plus with Type 1, Class 1, Form 1, Grade 0, Natural Color Material for fused filament fabrication system, but is not limited to such application. This procedure will establish the configuration of the machine and build parameters, the testing methodology, and mechanical specification minimum guidelines required to create aerospace part.
Digital Communications for Plug-in Electric Vehicles
Authors:   Hybrid - EV Committee
Published: September 2023

This SAE Information Report, SAE J2931, establishes the requirements for the powerline carrier (PLC) digital communication between plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), the electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) and the utility or service provider, energy services interface (ESI), advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), and home area network (HAN).

This specifies the digital communication protocol stack between PEVs and the EVSE. The purpose of the stack outlined in Figure 1 and defined by layers 3 to 6 of the open systems interconnection (OSI) reference model (Figure 1) is to use the functions of layers 1 and 2 specified in SAE J2931/4 and export the functionalities to layer 7 as specified in SAE J2847/2 (as of August 1, 2012, revision) and SAE J2847/1 (targeting revision at the end of 2012).

Communications between the EVSE and other than PEV entities such as AMI, ESI, HAN, utility head-end, etc., as shown in Figure 2 are outside of the scope of this document. It is presumed that a bridging device will be required to carry PEV information beyond the EVSE and may be collocated with the latter.

The effort continues however, to additional comments and viewpoints, while the task force also continues additional testing and early implementation. Results of this effort will then be incorporated into updates of this document and lead to a republished versions as needed.

The SAE J2931 family of documents has been organized into several “slash” subsections:

This document, SAE J2931/1, defines architecture and general requirements including association, registration, security, and HAN requirements, as well as mapping to other SAE documents.

SAE J2931/4 defines the MAC and PHY layer implementation of digital communications using BB OFDM and either the SAE J1772 pilot wire or mains.

Testing and validation of the aforementioned physical layer specifications is ongoing, and it is possible that the results of said testing may preclude one or more of the proposed solutions as unable to meet the technical requirements. Reduction of the available options to a single, worldwide standard remains the long-term goal.

The document mapping of the PEV communication standards are further defined in Section 5.
Interpretacija kulturne dediščine s pomočjo mitov in pravljic
Authors: Perko Verena
Published: September 2023

Članek obravnava interpretacijo dediščine z uporabo mitov in pravljic. Besedilo je razdeljeno na dva dela. Prvi del je posvečen interpretaciji dediščine. Drugi del, posvečen vlogi mitov in pravljic, bo objavljen v naslednji številki revije.
Pričujoči članek predstavlja prvi del besedila. Obravnava interpretacijo dediščine in jo opredeljuje kot kompleksen komunikacijski proces, katerega cilj je vključevanje dediščinskih vsebin in vrednot v sodobnost. Glavna hipoteza trdi, da je interpretacija dediščine temelj procesov participativnega dediščinjenja, ki močno vplivajo na družbeno okolje in posledične procese demokratizacije. Raziskava je interdisciplinarna; temelji na heritološki teoriji z upoštevanjem muzeoloških, hermenevtičnih in psihoanalitičnih konceptov. Avtorica potrebe postmoderne družbe po aktivni participaciji v procesih dediščinjenja pojasnjuje s pomočjo heritološke teorije. S pomočjo hermenevtike so pojasnjene razlike med znanstveno in dediščinsko interpretacijo. S hermenevtičnega in muzeološkega vidika je obravnavana vloga komunikativnega jezika. V prispevku je obravnavan tudi hermenevtični pojem iskanja skupnostnih pomenov kulturne dediščine. V zaključku prvega dela avtorica interpretacijo dediščine utemeljuje kot ključno za ohranitev dediščine v njenem izvirnem okolju in ki je temeljnega pomena za bolj demokratično in trajnostno upravljanje dediščine. V drugem delu prispevka so obravnavani miti in pravljice kot sredstva interpretacije. Miti veljajo za za predzgodovinsko in prvobitno obliko razlage sveta.
The Rise of the Ljubljana School of Documentary Film at TV Ljubljana (1981–1990) and the Transformation of the Documentary
Authors: Stamboldžioski Katja
Published: September 2023

The article discusses a specific period of the production of the documentary genre at TV Ljubljana, known as the period of the Ljubljana School of Documentary Film (1981­1990). The focus of this research is predominantly the conditions and limitations of production, under which documentary films and practices, as well as the routines of the creators, were created, to analyse how production practices were reflected in the form and style of documentary films. The documentary films of this period began to move away from news coverage with current political content and the explanatory mode of representation, and moved towards the participatory and observatory modes of representation. The routines and practices became more professional. In particular, journalists began writing scripts and collaborating with talented directors from AGRFT (Academy of Theatre, Radio, Film and Television). Despite financial and production limitations, which placed numerous bureaucratic tasks into the creative process, and the self-censorship of creators, under the leadership of editor Drago Pečko and with the collaboration of directors, numerous authorial documentary films were made that were recognized in the Yugoslav space. Owing to the changed circumstances of the media, the management of public television saw the direction of the development of the medium after 1990 tend towards entertainment programmes, which meant that the documentary began losing its former importance in the name of ratings and advertising revenues.
Stephen J. Pyne, Ogenj: Narava in kultura
Authors: Lunder Lucija
Published: September 2023

Stephen J. Pyne, rojen leta 1949, je zaslužni profesor arizonske državne univerze v pokoju, specializiran za zgodovino okolja, natančneje za zgodovino ognja in požarov. Z 18. letom je postal član prostovoljne gasilske ekipe, kar ga je vodilo k znanstvenemu raziskovanju ognja. Danes velja za vodilnega strokovnjaka na dotičnem področju, k problematiki pa pristopa tako z naravoslovnega kot s humanističnega vidika. Izdal je mnogo knjig o zgodovini ognja in požarov po različnih delih sveta (npr. v Ameriki, Avstraliji, Evropi in Kanadi), v knjigi Ogenj. Narava in kultura, izdani leta 2012, pa se raziskovanja tematike loti pregledno in splošno, s poudarkom na antropološki dimenziji ognja. Delo je v slovenščino prevedel Marko Kržan, izdano je bilo leta 2021, spremno študijo pa je prispeval Bojan Baskar.
Antisquares and Critical Exponents
Authors: Baranwal Aseem , Currie James , Mol Lucas , Ochem Pascal , Rampersad Narad , Shallit Jeffrey
Published: September 2023

The (bitwise) complement $\overline{x}$ of a binary word $x$ is obtained by
changing each $0$ in $x$ to $1$ and vice versa. An $\textit{antisquare}$ is a
nonempty word of the form $x\, \overline{x}$. In this paper, we study infinite
binary words that do not contain arbitrarily large antisquares. For example, we
show that the repetition threshold for the language of infinite binary words
containing exactly two distinct antisquares is $(5+\sqrt{5})/2$. We also study
repetition thresholds for related classes, where "two" in the previous sentence
is replaced by a larger number.
We say a binary word is $\textit{good}$ if the only antisquares it contains
are $01$ and $10$. We characterize the minimal antisquares, that is, those
words that are antisquares but all proper factors are good. We determine the
growth rate of the number of good words of length $n$ and determine the
repetition threshold between polynomial and exponential growth for the number
of good words.
Solar-Energized Smart Umbrella for Street Vendors
Authors: H M Gayitri , betasur Priyanka N , R Ranjitha , Patil Chaithra , M Harshitha , A Madappa Eshwari
Published: September 2023

This article introduces the concept of a solar-energized smart umbrella tailored for street vendors, incorporating features to improve comfort and convenience. The umbrella integrates renewable energy technology to power its functionalities, such as a fan activated when the temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold that is 35ºC, a light that activates during rainfall and dark, and a mobile charging facility. By utilizing solar panels, the umbrella harnesses solar energy to charge an internal battery, enabling the operation of these features. The fan provides a cooling effect to alleviate discomfort caused by high temperatures, while the light ensures visibility and protection from rain. Additionally, the umbrella includes a mobile charging facility, allowing street vendors to conveniently charge their devices using renewable energy. This innovative solution enhances the working experience of street vendors, promoting their well-being and productivity. By combining renewable energy and smart features, the solar-energized smart umbrella for street vendors offers a sustainable and efficient solution, contributing to a more comfortable and technologically advanced street environment. The increasing day by day world population and demand for urban cities, due to this also becoming smarter way as compared to it before. The smart umbrella is one such example to serve the purpose of recent generations. It can open up on its own by using sensory signals to the processor to control the situation such as during rain, hot, and dark, situation using respective sensors and also for individual need with the option of connectivity with charging USB and switch on the fan for cooling in summer and light during the night.