bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alcance y efectos de la doctrina constitucional sobre el impuesto sobre el incremento de valor de los terrenos de naturaleza urbana: cuestiones problemáticas
Authors: Ruiz Almendral Violeta
Published: January 2023

El Tribunal Constitucional ha anulado parcialmente el impuesto sobre el incremento de valor de los terrenos de naturaleza urbana, al considerarlo contrario a la Constitución por gravar, en muchos casos, transacciones en las que no se ponía de manifiesto capacidad económica alguna.
La aplicación práctica de esta doctrina viene suscitando numerosos problemas. El objeto de este trabajo es abordar dos de ellos, directamente relacionados, que se han puesto de manifiesto a raíz de la declaración parcial de inconstitucionalidad: el primero es la prueba posible de la minusvalía, tanto en la vía administrativa como en la judicial, cuestión solo parcialmente aclarada por el Tribunal Supremo. El segundo es la confusión acerca de la posibilidad de revisar las liquidaciones firmes o de instar la responsabilidad patrimonial del Estado legislador en los supuestos de cosa juzgada.
Golden Visa por inversión en inmuebles, residencia y tributación: ¿Una cuestión resuelta?
Authors: Marín Consarnau Diana , Rivas Nieto Estela
Published: January 2023

En el contexto de la Unión Europea son varios los Estados miembros que desarrollan políticas de captación de inversores extranjeros mediante fasttracking processes que permiten obtener la residencia e incluso la nacionalidad. Es lo que se conoce comúnmente como Golden Visa. En este tipo de programas la inversión inmobiliaria es recurrente y aparece como un atractivo destinado básica, aunque no exclusivamente, al turismo residencial. Ello explica, en principio, que, aunque los extranjeros que se acogen al programa pueden obtener una autorización para residir en España, esto no significa que vayan a tributar como residentes. Fiscalmente la residencia habitual no se obtiene por la compra de una vivienda, sino por residir más de 183 días en territorio español o tener en dicho territorio el núcleo principal/la base de sus actividades/intereses económicos. En el presente trabajo vamos a analizar las medidas para la captación de dicha inversión y las cuestiones sobre la consideración del inversor como residente/no residente/impatriado y cómo influye en la compra de bienes inmuebles como un nuevo reto tributario a resolver.
Sensitivity of agronomically valuable strains of Bacillus spp. to lyophilization
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture, Ovsyankina Sofia , Khizhnyak Sergei , Abolentseva Polina , Smolnikova Yana , Oleynikova Elena , Rodovikov Sergey
Published: January 2023

The effect of lyophilization with the use of lyoprotective substrates and without lyoprotectors on the survival of endospores of two strains of Bacillus spp., prospective as biological agents for the protection of agricultural plants from a complex of fungal diseases, was studied. Without the use of lyoprotectors, the survival rate of endospores after lyophilization of the strain B. atrophaeus RSA-1 was 61.2%, of the strain B. subtilis RSA-20(2) – 47.6%. Faibich's protective substrate statistically significantly increased the proportion of surviving endospores of the B. atrophaeus RSA-1 strain by 1.46 times, but did not lead to an increase in the proportion of surviving endospores of the strain B. subtilis RSA-20(2). The use of peptone-sucrose-glycerin mixture did not lead to a statistically significant increase in the proportion of survivors of endospore lyophilization in both strains. The injection of ascorbic acid as an antioxidant into the protective substrate of Faibich led to a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of surviving endospores in comparison with the version without lyoprotectors (1.6 times for the strain B. atrophaeus RSA-1 and 25 times for the strain B. subtilis RSA-20(2)). Keywords: BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION OF PLANTS FROM DISEASES, ANTAGONIST STRAINS, BACILLUS ATROPHAEUS, BACILLUS SUBTILIS, LYOPHILIZATION, LYOPROTECTIVE SUBSTRATE
Soil bacteria – potential contaminants of vegetable oils
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture, Ovsyankina Sofia , Khizhnyak Sergei , Abolentseva Polina , Oleynikova Elena
Published: January 2023

Bacterial strains capable of using vegetable oil as the sole source of carbon have been isolated from the soil by the enrichment culture method followed by isolation into pure cultures. Using MALDI TOF mass spectrometry, representatives of the genera Acinetobacter (Acinetobacter pittii), Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas antarctica, Pseudomonas koreensis), Rhodococcus (Rhodococcus erythropolis) were identified. To the share of the representatives of the genus Acinetobacter accounted for 25% of the isolated strains, representatives of the genera Pseudomonas and Rhodococcus - 37.5% of isolated strains each. Rhodococcus erythropolis has been shown to grow in vegetable oil at the temperature range of 12°C to 35°C with a generation time of about 16 hours at 12°C and about 11 hours at 35°C. The growth curve corresponds to diauxia. Keywords: VEGETABLE OIL, SOIL BACTERIA, CONTAMINATION, ACINETOBACTER PITTII, PSEUDOMONAS ANTARCTICA, PSEUDOMONAS KOREENSIS, RHODOCOCCUS ERYTHROPOLIS
Role of North America and AANS in Global Neurosurgery
Authors: Nanda Anil , Raju Bharath , Jumah Fareed
Published: January 2023

Approximately 28% of the global burden of disease is surgical (1). There is an estimated deficit of 90,909 neurosurgeons globally, whomust care for an additional 14 million neurosurgical patients annually (2). In a study published by Alkire et al. on global access tosurgical care, it was revealed that approximately two-thirds of the world's population, comprising 4.8 billion people, do not have accessto timely, affordable, or safe surgical care. The study also concluded that 99.3% of Lower-Income Countries (LICs) and 96.7% of LowerMiddle-Income Countries (LMICs) populations do not have access to safe surgery (3). Historically, global health policies focused onspecific issues like access to healthcare and outcomes of infectious disease treatment and vaccinations. In January 2014, the LancetCommission on Global Surgery (LCoGS), headed by healthcare leaders from 111 countries, gathered in Boston to research and pro posestrategies to improve surgery access globally. One of the committee's goals was to bring surgeons from different socio-economic strataunder one roof to facilitate collaboration and fruitful exchange of ideas. The committee also motivated the higher -income countries ofNorth America to collaborate and shrink the existing hiatus in surgical access present in lower and middle-income countries (4). Sincethen, significant progress has been achieved in this regard under the leadership of North American academic institutes, neurosurgicalsocieties, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and even individual surgeons (1,5)
Global Neurosurgery and the Congress of Neurological Surgeons: Collaboration, Innovation, and Opportunity to Improve Care, Education, and Access.
Authors: Rolle Myron , Nahed Brian V
Published: January 2023

Global neurosurgery encompasses the neurosurgical care and public health efforts to ensure timely and safe neurosurgical care accessfor all who need it (1). Over the past several decades, global neurosurgery has been championed by many individuals, which has led toa broader interest in developing larger collaborative, sustainable neurosurgical care efforts. On a national level, neurosurgicaleducational opportunities have grown through courses, online education, and fellowships. Given the growing global burden ofneurosurgical disease, there is a significant opportunity and need for worldwide neurosurgery and neurosurgical education worldwide,especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)
Foundation for International Education in Neurosurgery: The Next Half-Century of Service Through Education
Authors: Kanmounye Ulrick Sidney , Shlobin Nathan A , Robert J Robert J , Rosseau Gail
Published: January 2023

The Foundation for International Education in Neurological Surgery (FIENS) was founded in 1969, decades before globalization be camea worldwide phenomenon (1–3). Initially, efforts were focused on service delivery in under-resourced areas via short mission trips byindividual neurosurgeons. The wisdom of furthering the impact by creating sustainable training programs in partnership with h ostorganizations developed over time (3). FIENS is a neurosurgeons foundation working in partnership with various organizations toincrease global access to neurosurgery missions through the principle of “service through education (3).” FIENS shifted its f ocus from aservice delivery-centered approach to an approach centered on global health systems strengthening by emphasizing local neurosurgeryresident education and residency program development (3). It has become clear that the integration of neurosurgical efforts within thelocal health system amplifies the overall impact of FIENS initiatives by promoting sustainable change through collaborative action in theservice of local health system goals. From this point forward, initiatives coordinated by FIENS incorporated local stakeholders andworkforce in addition to mechanisms for service delivery, health infrastructure, information management, governance, and funding.
Role of the Spina Bifida Association of Northeastern New York in the Community
Authors: Tyagi Rachana , Duff Julia
Published: January 2023

The Spina Bifida Association of Northeastern New York serves a primary role in facilitating education, care, networking, and advocacy efforts for families and patients with spina bifida.  The organization has a long history, with volunteers contributing most of the work done by the organization.  Even in the United States, patients with spina bifida are in need of extensive assistance outside the health care, education and employment systems provided by government programs.
Commentary on Applicability of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines for Pediatric Myelomeningocele: Executive Summary in Indonesia
Authors: Tyagi Rachana , Sobana Mirna , Widjaya Ingrid A. , Azhary Lazuardy Muhammad
Published: January 2023

The Congress of Neurological Surgeons published guidelines on the management of pediatric myelomeningocele, particularly addressing the timing of closure, management of ventriculomegaly and cognitive impairment in this population.  Most of the literature assessed to create the guidelines came from data published from high-income countries with access to advanced technology and inclusive health care insurance coverage.  We address the current state of practice in Indonesia and the limitations encountered in implementing these guidelines.
ANALYSIS OF BIM MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION PROCESSES IN SLOVAKIA
Authors: Funtík Tomáš , Mayer Pavol
Published: January 2023

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is one of the main tools of digitization and enables the achievement of higher process efficiency, introducing new procedures to which companies on the market must adapt. There is a need for new professions that will ensure correct procedures and control mechanisms within the scope of defining, executing, and handing over BIM projects. This article focuses on the analysis of the rate of BIM adoption in Slovakia, especially in the field of BIM management and coordination in order to monitor the situation regarding the operation of specialized positions such as BIM managers and coordinators, based on data from industry research performed in the form of anonymous on-line survey.
MAINTENANCE METHODOLOGY IN THE FACILITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AS A BASIS FOR BIM TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Hanko Martin , Ďubek Marek
Published: January 2023

Currently, we need to ensure sustainability in the construction industry. The main tool that could ensure this is BIM Technology. It is this technology that can be a decisive basis for planning the maintenance of building structures because its content includes complex parameters of building structures. In practice, planned maintenance of buildings is carried out based on tracked data of facility managers. Streamlining their work by using spatial and topological relationships and by identifying the problem of building maintenance is offered by BIM technology. Using the proposed methodology, selected life cycle costs can be determined in a simple and fast way, i.e., also future maintenance costs, already during the building design phase. The goal of the paper is to propose a methodology that can become an effective tool in deciding on the material solution of building structures.
The Decline of the Ideal of Humanistic Education: The Ethos of Excellence in Israeli Education in the 1950s and 1960s
Authors: Manosavich-Barda Rona
Published: January 2023

This article discusses the changes that took place in the young State of Israel with regard to academic excellence in secondary education, changes that reflect the profound ideological and cultural developments in Jewish-Israeli society during that period. The question of what is desirable in secondary education was perceived by the government and education circles alike as key to the optimal training of the nation's future leadership and intelligentsia toward an exemplary Israeli society. The article points to the gradual transition in Israeli education from a long-established European approach to an American approach regarding the ideal of excellence in education. It analyzes this process as it comes to light in records of contemporary public debates over academic excellence vis-à-vis a variety of educational models for secondary schools.
Rabbi Herzog, S. Y. Agnon, and the Prayer for the Welfare of the State of Israel
Authors: Ofer Yosef
Published: January 2023

The Prayer for the Peace of the State of Israel, recited in synagogues in Israel and in Jewish communities around the world, was formulated in 1948 by Chief Rabbis Isaac Herzog and Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel with the participation of the author S.Y. Agnon. For years there has been a debate about Agnon's role in creating the prayer, but only some of the documents related to this matter were available to the scholars. The article discusses a hitherto unexplored typewritten page claimed to be the draft Rabbi Herzog sent to S.Y. Agnon, as a proposal for the composition of the prayer. A comparison of this document with the prayer in Agnon's handwriting makes it possible to determine precisely where Agnon’s contribution lies. The position I express in the article disputes that of Joel Rappel in his book Between Prayer and Politics (Hebrew, 2018).
THE GRAVITY OF TOBACCO SMUGGLING. PREDICTING BILATERAL ILLICIT CIGARETTE FLOWS FROM AGGREGATE DATA
Authors: Damijan Jože , Kosevc Črt
Published: January 2023

nternational tobacco smuggling remains an important concern for governments, tobacco manufactur-ers and health experts alike. While often linked to other forms of illegal activities, it also directly impacts govern-ment tax and health policies. Knowledge of factors that contribute to illicit tobacco trade and the existence of smug-gling routes is strongly hampered by the lack of reliable data on bilateral flows of illicit tobacco. Therefore, recon-structing the trafficking routes and estimating the size of cross-border illicit flows are crucial steps for gaining bet-ter understanding of these crimes and enforcing actions aimed at countering them. This study is the first to use grav-ity estimation techniques to decompose aggregate illicit cig-arette inflows for which data are available into their bilat-eral components. Our approach is a simple and effective method that can serve as a complement to other methods of pinpointing international trafficking flows such as empty discarded pack data or network analysis to help in the fight against illicit tobacco flows. Policymakers, customs officials as well as law enforcement can employ the presented meth-ods as an additional tool in the fight against illicit trade. Keywords: bilateral illicit cigarette trade, gravity model, predictive estimation
SO2 enhances aerosol formation from anthropogenic volatile organic compound ozonolysis by producing sulfur-containing compounds
Authors: Yang Zhaomin , Li Kun , Tsona Narcisse T. , Luo Xin , Du Lin
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) can affect aerosol formation in
the atmosphere, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we
investigate aerosol formation and composition from the ozonolysis of
cyclooctene with and without SO2 addition in a smog chamber. Liquid
chromatography equipped with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry
measurements indicates that monomer carboxylic acids and corresponding dimers
with acid anhydride and aldol structures are important components in
particles formed in the absence of SO2. A 9.4–12.6-times increase in
particle maximum number concentration is observed in the presence of 14–192 ppb SO2. This increase is largely attributed to sulfuric acid
(H2SO4) formation from the reactions of stabilized Criegee
intermediates with SO2. In addition, a number of organosulfates (OSs)
are detected in the presence of SO2, which are likely products formed
from the heterogeneous reactions of oxygenated species with H2SO4.
The molecular structures of OSs are also identified based on tandem mass
spectrometry analysis. It should be noted that some of these OSs have been
found in previous field studies but were classified as compounds from
unknown sources or of unknown structures. The observed OSs are less volatile
than their precursors and are therefore more effective contributors to
particle formation and growth, partially leading to the increase in particle
volume concentration under SO2-presence conditions. Our results provide
an in-depth molecular-level insight into how SO2 alters particle
formation and composition.
COVID-19 and CreditWatch list as an economic indicator
Authors: Goebel Joseph , Kemper Kristopher J. , Gatzlaff Kevin
Published: January 2023

The global pandemic attributable to COVID-19 interrupted a decade-long U.S. expansionary cycle. While governments intervened to manage the health crisis, the economy stalled, and equity markets crashed. However, equity markets quickly recovered and moved to positive territory a few months later. We examine the actions of credit rating agencies (CRAs) and the signals that are sent through S&P Global Ratings (S&P) Watch List activity. After creating a significant indicator based on CreditWatch activity reflecting private firm information, we find that the swift recovery may have been foreseeable for non-insurance firms. The indicator provides less potential predictive power for insurance firms, either because the greater regulatory activity surrounding insurance firms yields less private information to be discovered by CRAs or the insurance industry is more resilient to economic shock than other sectors of the economy.
Lithostratigraphy of the Ordovician System in the Lozen Mountain
Authors: Kozhoukharov Dimitar , Vasilev Emil , Kozhoukharova Evgenia
Published: January 2023

In the Lozen Mountain the rocks of the Ordovician System differ from the Ordovician rocks in the western Balkan Mts. in their composition, structure and relationship to the underlying diabase-phyllitoid complex. In the present paper they are described as a formal lithostratigraphic unit named Kroushovitsa Formation, which comprises four members. In ascending order these members are: Souha Gabra Member comprising metaconglomerates, meta-psammites with fragments of green schists, meta-tuffs and quartzites of the diabasephyllitoid complex; Choukite Member built of graygreenish phyllitized siltstones; Chouchouralchal Member comprising red phyllitized siltstones intercalated with yellow to light red meta-psammites, and Kitka Member represented by gray-greenish phyllitized siltstones intercalated with lamina of dark-gray to black argillites and siltstones. All rock varieties in the Kroushovitsa Formation have been subjected to week metamorphic alteration in greenschist facies that progressively attenuates from the lower to the upper levels of the section. The rock composition, structure and texture of the sequence in the Kroushovitsa Formation indicate for predominantly deep-sea sedimentation. In the lower part of the formation coarse clastic rocks indicate a shallowwater shelf environment.
Endogene-supergene systems of epithermal deposits and occurrences of acid-sulfate and adularia-sericite type (cases from Bulgaria) - hypothesis and models
Authors: Kunov Angel
Published: January 2023

The epithermal acid-sulfate and adularia-sericite deposits аrе among the main sources of raw mаterials as well as among the most interesting subject of study and genetic modelling and conclusions оn the mineral deposits. Both types have а broad оссurеnсе in Bulgaria, which allows аn extensive research оn them. Hereafter, discussing the main features of the epithermal mineralization а new hypothesis fоr аn integrated endogene-supergene system is proposed. This idea is based оn published evidences from worldwide as well as Bulgarian examples. Its соrе аrе the detailed mineralogical and petrological characteristics of the epithermal systems. It is suggested, that under some circumstances both endogene and supergene parts of the systems mау bе observed as аn integrity. This integrity is observed as unanimity between the nature and human mind. Among the main prerequisites fоr the origin of such systems аrе spatial compatibility; dependence between endogene and supergene mineralizations; presence of metasomatic rеplacement and indications fоr а metasomatic zonation; соmmоn structural-tectonic agents; geomorphological and climatic agents; etc. The proposed models fоr the epithermal mineralisations аrе based оn Bulgarian occurrences, including some elements from the models of Hedenquist, Lowenstern (1994), Hedenquist (1994), Fournier (1999) and Chavez (2000). These models have аn endogene and а supergene part with а respective metasomatic zonation. The proposed hypothesis is obviously debatable and as аnу оnе hypothesis contains facts and suggestions. However, it is also supported bу evidences from porphyritic systems, where а transition between hypogene and supergene mineralization was already suggested bу Sillitoe (1973). Some debatable points of the proposed hypothesis could bе the cases where а significant gap in time bеtween the primary and supergene mineralizations is established. However, in such cases usually as supergene processes аrе accepted to bе only the recent ones, but those acting simultaneously with the endogene оrе forming so far have bееn neglected. The recent geothermal and hydrothermal volcanic systems аrе the best proof of the simultaneous occurrence of both endogene and supergene processes. The integrity of both processes is already recognized with the admission of the mixed character of the fluids, the convection and the participation of meteoric waters as well as atmospheric oxygen together with magamatic products into the forming of the endogene epithermal deposits.
Neotectonic and seismotectonic features of the Pelagonian, Kičevo and Poreč depressions and the surrounding block structures
Authors: Iliovski Zlatko , Mirčovski Vojo , Petrov Goše , Spasovski Orce , Nikolov Stojanče
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the lithostratigraphic, neotectonic and seismotectonic characteristics of the Pelagonian, Poreč and Kičevo depressions and the surrounding horsts. The area under consideration belongs to two geotectonic regions - the Pelagonian massif and the Western Macedonian zone which have had a complex multiphase geotectonic evolution. During the Neotectonic stage, owing to the intense tectonic development, morphostructures of uplift (blockhorsts) and subsidence (depressions-grabens) were formed along reactivated older and newly-developed neotectonic fault structures. The neotectonic fault structures are of various degree of seismic activity. The analysis of data from earthquakes makes possible to distinguish two seismic zones – Kičevo and Bitola, – in which earthquakes with a magnitude of up to 5.5 could be anticipated.
Review of the late Westphalian - early Stephanian macrofloras of the Dobrudzha Coalfield, Bulgaria
Authors: Cleal Christopher , Tenchov Yanaki , Zodrow Erwin
Published: January 2023

The late Westphalian – early Stephanian macrotloras of the Dobrudzha Coalfield show many similarities with the contemporaneous lowland assemblages from southern Britain and the Canadian Maritimes, but there are also present some taxa normall y associated with more upland basins such as Saar-Lorraine and Central Bohemia. This is in agreement with the Dobrudzha Coalfield occupying a marginal position on the Variscan Foreland, perhaps at higher altitudes than the more western coalfields. It has been possible to identify the main biozonal boundaries that were originally established in western Europe and eastern North America. The base of the Laveineopteris rarinervis Subzone occurs at coal m5 in the Makedonka Formation. The base of the Linopteris bunburii Zone (indicating the base of the Westphalian D Stage) is at coal n3 in the Krupen Formation. The Lobatopteris micromiltoni Subzone seems to be absent due to a nonsequence, but the Dicksonites plueckenetii Subzone is in the Gurkovo Formation. Evidence of the Odontopteris cantabrica Zone (indicating the Westphalian – Stephanian boundary) occurs at coal p7 in the upper Gurkovo Formation.
The Kraishte magmato-tectonic zone (Western Bulgaria) — a review
Authors: Harkovska Alexandra , Pécskay Zoltán , Popov Mitko
Published: January 2023

The Kraishte magmato-tectonic zone (KMTZ) is the northernmost of the four Nw-SE trending Paleogene linear magmato-tectonic zones cropping out in Western Bulgaria and referred, as second order structures, to the collision-related first order Macedonian-Rhodope-North Aegean magmatic zone (MRNAMZ). The Kraishte volcanics (KV) are quite uniform dacites to rhyodacites of the calc-alkaline series. They were cooled at a shallow subvolcanic level and are affected irregularly by a low temperature hydrothermal alteration. Most of the KV bodies are conformable and concordant because their morphology is controlled mainly by the trust boundary between the Paleozoic rocks of the Penkyovtsi allochthonous unit and the Berriassian-Titonian flysch of the Luzhnitsa-Tran unit. The presence of KV-epiclastics in the Gorna Glogovitsa and Sekirna grabens shows (in agreement with the available magnetometric data) that at least some of the KV-bodies have been exhumed before the Priabonian-Oligocene (?) sedimentation started. The projections of all of the new whole-rock K-Ar ages (47.4-42.2 ± 1.60-1.80 Ma) fall within a Pre-Priabonian (Lutetian — Bartonian) part of the Gradstein, Ogg's (1996) geochronologic scale. The possible alternative suggestions about the age of the KV emplacement could be: a) the whole-rock ages reflect a long-term low temperature hydrothermal alteration of volcanic bodies, intruded before 47.4 Ma; b) the w. r. record is a complex combination of a polystage (?) Lutetian — Bartonian emplacement and of the related hydrothermal alteration processes, which caused a rejuvenation to a different extent. The existing model for the KMTZ geodynamic position has obviously to be changed taking into account that: a) KMTZ differs from the other Paleogene magmato-tectonic zones in Western Bulgaria by the steeper NW-SE trend (150-160°), the calc-alcaline affinity of the KV, the older age and the absence of a base metal metallogenic specialization, typical for the magmatics from the other zones; b) in a regional scale KMTZ acts as a southern end of the more than 250 km long Late Alpine (Late Cretaceous — Early Tertiary) subduction-related magmato-tectonic structure, following the erosional front of Mid Cretaceous thrusts and described in Eastern Serbia as Ridanj-Krepolin belt and further to the North (in SW Romania) — as “Western banatitic zone”; c) the available discrimination diagrams for KV are characteristic for their orogenic (s. 1.) setting and not for a well grounded collisional one. All these data can serve as a basis of the following suggestions: a) KMTZ does not belong to the collision-related MRNAMZ; b) the KMTZ acid (strongly differentiated?) magmas have been generated either during the late stages of the subductional processes responsible for the formation of the Late Cretaceous island-arc associations on the territory of the Balkan Peninsula, or in an environment transitional to a collisional one.
New data on the Treklyano Group (Jurassic): sections Propast and Gorna Glogovitsa (Southwest Bulgaria)
Authors: Boncheva Iliana , Zagorchev Ivan , Goranov Emil
Published: January 2023

The sections Propast and Gorna Glogovitsa exhibit the transitions between the axial parts (radiolariteshale interbedding) of the Treklyano Jurassic trough and its eastern boundary with the terrigenous-carbonate successions of "Balkanide" type. The section Propast has a complex imbricated structure, and the separate thrust sheets exhibit different basin environments. Rich radiolarian assemblages are determined, and their concurrent ranges allow for a more precise biostratigraphic analysis and chronostratigraphic conclusions. The lowermost parts of the Treklyano Group are referred to the upper parts of the Lower Jurassic and the lowermost parts of the Middle Jurassic. Important changes in the sedimentation regime probably began at the end of Callovian time and in Late Jurassic times with gradual influx (most pronounced in Kimmeridgian – Tithonian times) of gravity flows. The latter contain transported Middle Jurassic radiolarite-shale packets (olistolites). Thus, a transition from the evolution of the Treklyano trough towards the onset and evolution of the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous Nish-Troyan flysch trough has locally taken place. Laterally, the flysch trough has been superimposed over shallower zones of the Jurassic basin.
AFGHAN JIHAD AND ITS AFTER EFFECTS: A GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT
Authors: , Dr. Sajjad Ahmad Dr. Benish Khan, Mr. Muhammad Mohsin
Published: January 2023

This paper briefly investigates the Afghan Jihad;it’s after effects and the main affecters, actors and the events in a political and geographical context. The war in Afghanistan started was initially a Jihad but later it was not because it was an armed Jihad and the concept of Jihad (Holy war) was highly misunderstood the West and its allies. The war against the Soviet conflict in Afghanistan was termed as the “Holy Jihad” by the West and better-organized and planned resistance was started against the Soviet Union interference. Pakistan also intervened in Afghanistan against the Soviet Union and gained the support of Islamic countries, US and its allies. The insurgents have largely relied on guerrilla-style tactics in this war. Before this intervention, Afghanistan and Pakistan have a prolonged olden times of intense affairs over the terrorism, security concerns, Durand line, Pashtuns etc. In addition, India and Pakistan are also keen to affect developments in Afghanistan, both to advance their own geo-political, defense, and economic interests. Pakistan suffers and harmed innumerable as the result of Afghan War and so called ‘War on Terror’ after the 9/11. War was ended but drifted Pakistan to such a place form where it’s drowned and more than 70,000 Pakistanis have been killed with an over $150 billionlosses to the Pakistani economy.Pakistan is still unable to solve its issues after war including social, political and economic crises
CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF POLITICAL SLOGANS OF MAJOR PAKISTANI POLITICAL PARTIES IN ELECTION
Authors: Dr. Muhmmad Asif Nadia Kaleem, Syed Muhammad Sajid Siraj,
Published: January 2023

Political slogans are used as a conduit to disseminate one’s political ideology into masses’ conscious and unconscious and to deconstruct the narrative of the opposition. This research is focused on the slogans which were chanted during the election 2018 keeping in mind the narratives of the respective political parties. The rapport of language with narrative and ideologies is intricate and influences the political power structure substantially. Words contain and shape meanings and the exploitation and distortion of the essence of the meaning can only be understood through CDA, furthermore, the use of lexical choices effects the voting pattern as well. This research is qualitative in nature, where the three-dimensional discourse model of Fairclough and socio cognitive model of Van Dijk have been used as a theoretical framework to comprehend the intricate relationship of language, power and ideology. To linguistically analyze the slogans the Systemic Functional Linguistic (SFL) analysis which is developed by M.A.K Halliday, with specific focus on Lexicalization (Roger Fowler) has proved very instrumental. This research and analysis help the reader to comprehend the role of lexical choices, syntactic structures and metaphorization in constructing a narrative and its subsequent clout over the political power structure. Also, the significance of building one’s narrative and deconstructing opponents’ narrative through a slogan at the same time
THE NEED OF INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE IN 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Maryam Naz, Syeda Sheher Bano
Published: January 2023

Since the beginning of the universe, religion is a key element of the society across the globe because religion is the collective forces that binds and provide the satisfied explanations regarding the metaphysical queries and force to the members of society. Therefore, it has played the crucial role in the nourishment and development of the core religions. In fact, despite of the universality or relativity between religions the diversity of religious principles, faith, practices and other cultural elements are manifested in numerous states or nations which is one of the significant factor of spreading the religious bigotry sectarianism sentiments among the masses of the society. Even in contemporary modern and advanced era, it is distressing that people are still conflicting with each other on religious basis. The people are being killed; divided and their holy places are occupied and tear down just because of the religious differences and practices. In this context, if we talk about Pakistan so it is the sacred state with religious and cultural diversity. In spite of this the sectarian and religious beliefs, practices, and teaching of other sects and religion is not acceptable at any level in our society which, led hazardous and anarchy situations in the society because in Pakistan sectarianism is being promoted by the political and religious authorities in order to established their political regime and authenticity. Unfortunately, the imam or religious scholars could not play their significant and effective role in condemning such religious violence and exploitations and took part in stressing and promoting the violent behavior by teaching the narrow point of view and brainwashing of their students and followers. The diverse religious beliefs, principles and practices are really a cause of confusion, disorganization and alienation among the masses regarding adherent which belief, principle and traditions. In such hazardous situation there is need of the interreligious dialogue to protect the humanity and to comprehend the diverse religions and their belief structure as well. In this article researcher will yield a brief historical background and introduction of the interreligious discourse, after that author will talk about the need and significance of interreligious dialogue in 21st century. The content will be helpful to understand the discourse between world’s core religions and will be beneficial to eliminate the biasness and misinterpretation regarding the other religious beliefs and practices. Here it is significant to understand the benefits of this discourse such as inception of fairness and world harmony, to escape communities from disintegration, the safety of human rights and the ethical values of diverse religions across the world
Factors Affecting the Work Discipline of PT Asshidiq Cater Indonesia Employees
Authors: Damayanti Maya , Fahmi Idqan , Saptono Imam Teguh
Published: January 2023

Work discipline in an organization is needed to support the company's competitiveness in the long term. Organizational or corporate goals will be difficult to achieve unless there is good work discipline. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the work discipline of PT. Asshidiq Cater Indonesia by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis techniques and formulating strategies for improving employee work discipline. The data in this study is the result of a survey of 50 employees of PT. Asshidiq Cater Indonesia which was then analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. Based on the results of the analysis, the researcher recommended to PT. Asshidiq Cater Indonesia to establish definite rules related to labor discipline as well as punitive sanctions for employees who violate the regulations; supervise work discipline continuously e by the leadership so that employees feel supervised and give reprimands either verbally or in writing for anyone who violates work discipline so that the discipline of PT employees. Asshidiq Cater Indonesia is on the rise.

Keywords: Work discipline, Employee of PT Asshidiq Cater Indonesia, SEM
Effect of Competence and Individual Behavior on Customer Satisfaction of Regional Drinking Water Companies in Padang City and Organizational Commitment as Intervening Variables
Authors: . Syahril , Mulyati Yofina , . Ezizwita
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze effect of competence and individual behavior on customer satisfaction of Regional Drinking Water Companies in Padang City and organizational commitment as intervening variables. The research is conducted using explanatory research. This research is conducted at the Regional Drinking Water Companies in Padang City, located on Jalan H. Agus Salim. The sampling technique used in this research is the total sampling technique in which the entire population will be sampled, namely 92 people. The data analysis technique used is path analysis. The results of the study show that competence has a significant effect on organizational commitment of Regional Drinking Water Companies in Padang City. Competence has a significant effect on customer satisfaction of Regional Drinking Water Companies in Padang City. Individual behavior has a significant effect on organizational commitment of Regional Drinking Water Companies in Padang City. Individual behavior has a significant effect on customer satisfaction of Regional Drinking Water Companies in Padang City. Organizational commitment has a significant effect on customer satisfaction of Regional Drinking Water Companies in Padang City.

Keywords: Competence, Individual Behavior, Organizational Commitment, Customer Satisfaction
A Review on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Dilshad M.A Ahammed , Ephrem Ashitha
Published: January 2023

Diabetes has become considered one of the most common health-care crisis of the 21st century. Diabetes increases the risk of various microvascular and macrovascular diseases. Diabetic neuropathy is one of the microvascular complications that can affect as many as 50% of patients with diabetes. It is generally agreed that the toxic consequences of hyperglycemia play a significant part in the emergence of this problem, but several other hypothesis also have been proposed. Diabetes can lead to variety of neuropathic problems, both acute and chronic, that can impact the peripheral nerve at every level from the root to the distal axon. Major international clinical recommendations for the therapy of Diabetic peripheral neuropathy [DPN] offer many symptomatic therapies. Tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and anticonvulsants are among the first-line treatments. Opioids and topical medications like capsaicin cream and lidocaine patches are among the further treatments. The main focus of this review is recommendations for the management of DPN.

Keywords: Diabetes, DPN, Hyperglycemia, Antidepressants, Anticonvulsants
Analysis of Long Jump Run Up Distance in MTSN 8 Jombang’s Students
Authors: . Sutrisno , Pratama Budiman Agung , Harmono Setyo
Published: January 2023

The run up to the long jump is the important initial stage. This initial stage determines the results of the jump. Because if the speed is obtained at the start, it will affect the explosive power when making a jump so that the after repulsion becomes perfect and produces the best jump. The problems in this study were (1) What are the results of the analysis of the starting distance with the results of long jumps in class VII A students of Jombang State Madrasah Tsanawiyah 8 (2) Which starting distance produces the farthest jump in class VII A students of Jombang State Madrasah Tsanawiyah 8?
This study used a quantitative approach with percentage descriptive techniques. The instrument used in this research was the kinovea application.
The conclusions of this study (1) the results of the initial distance analysis in the long jump had an important role in producing the farthest jump. Because the starting distance will determine the inertia force that will occur causing a person's thrust to produce great power at the time of take off, resulting in the farthest jump, (2) The 30 meter run up distance is the best starting distance compared to the 35 meter and 40 run up distances. This was because the initial distance of 30 meters produces maximum speed, causing a greater force when taking off

Keywords: [Analysis, Long Jump run up, Athletics.]
SELF CONCEPT OF PEOPLE WITH BIPOLAR THROUGH BIPOLAR SURVIVAL GROUP IN DENPASAR
Authors: Haes Putri Ekaresty , Haryanti Ni Putu Dinda
Published: January 2023

Daily routine can trigger stress and load of though that make mood changes, mood changes are normal, for physical and mentally healthy human but not so with ODB (people with bipolar). The focus of this study is communication of bipolar survivor group in Denpasar that supports healing from ODP (people with bipolar). This research is qualitative research using case study approach, with only focuses on group communication in only one group of bipolar survivors in Denpasar. Data collection technique used participatory observation, in-depth interviews with informants and documentation techniques. This study uses data triangulation as a technique for validity of the data. The result obtained from this study show that ODB (people with bipolar) are greatly helped by the presence of bipolar group of survivors, so that emotion bond are established between members and have the same goal, namely recovering from mental illness. In addition, this group also help its member find the self-concept of its members, so that its members have a new life to rejoin the society.Keywords: Group Communication, Bipolar, Self Concept
KETIDAKPERCAYAAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP INFORMASI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA: SEBUAH TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIS
Authors: Adzani Diah Melati , Irawati Indira
Published: January 2023

Covid-19 menjadi pandemi pertama di era modern ini, sehingga Indonesia dan banyak negara lainnya mengalami kebingungan dalam mengambil kebijakan. Komunikasi publik yang tidak terencana dengan baik dapat menimbulkan kepanikan dan ketidakpercayaan masyarakat terhadap informasi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri jumlah penelitian terkait topik ketidakpercayaan masyarakat terhadap informasi covid-19 di Indonesia dan penyebab munculnya ketidakpercayaan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tinjauan literatur sistematis. Tinjauan literatur sistematis adalah tinjauan komprehensif  untuk studi yang relevan mengenai topik tertentu, yang akan diidentifikasi kemudian dinilai dan disintesis. Temuan artikel jurnal ilmiah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dimulai dari tahun 2020-2022 berjumlah 15 artikel. Artikel jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan tahun 2020  terdapat 5 artikel, artikel jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan tahun 2021 sebanyak 9 artikel, adapun pada tahun 2022 terdapat 1 artikel. Penyebab munculnya ketidakpercayaan dapat dikelompokkan menjadi dua faktor yaitu faktor ketidakpercayaan kepada pemerintah dan ketidakpercayaan pada media. Ketidakpercayaan kepada pemerintah muncul akibat dari sikap pemerintah yang tidak konsisten terhadap kebijakan yang dibuat, data terkait covid-19 tidak transparan, dan masyarakat beranggapan bahwa adanya kepentingan politik dibalik terjadinya pandemi. Adapun ketidakpercayaan pada media disebabkan karena banyak beredarnya informasi hoax.
STRATEGI PEMANFAATAN WEBSITE DALAM MEMBANGUN BRAND AWARENESS TAMAMART UHAMKA
Authors: Putri Nasyifa Nur Januar , Mumtazia Hasna Wafia , Putra Ghilang Mahesa
Published: January 2023

Website memudahkan khalayak untuk memperoleh informasi dengan sangat cepat, mudah, dan tanpa batasan. Dalam kegiatan pemasaran, memanfaatkan website dapat memberikan kemudahan khalayak untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai Tama Mart terhadap produk yang dipasarkan hingga melakukan pembelian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pemanfaatan website dalam membangun brand awareness Tamamart. Hal ini perlu diteliti untuk melihat bentuk hambatan dan peluang dalam memasarkan produk yang dijalani Tamamart melalui website. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, yang berupa uraian dan penjelasan komprehensif mengenai program atau situasi sosial dari sebuah usaha. Teknik penentuan informan kunci (key informant), sampel penelitian mempertimbangkan hal-hal tertentu dalam hal ini pihak manajemen Tamamart. Hasil menunjukan bahwa pemanfaatan ini memakai Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) untuk mempromosikan Tamamart ke khalayak luas dan juga para sivitas akademik UHAMKA.Kata Kunci: Integrated marketing communication, website, brand awareness, Tamamart
PENDAMPINGAN PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT DAN KETERAMPILAN KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI PADA SANTRI
Authors: Hidayah Bashirotul , Kholidah Asfa Nuril , Nikmah Khoirun
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK
Keberadaan suatu organisasi sangat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa aspek diantaranya penyatuan visi dan misi serta tujuan yang sama dengan perwujudan eksistensi sekelompok orang tersebut terhadap masyarakat. Agar  dapat mencapai tujuan itu, organisasi memerlukan sistem  manajemen efektif  yang akan menunjang jalannya organisasi secara terus-menerus dan tingkat efektivitas kerja juga perlu diperhatikan. Dalam pelaksanaan organisasi itu sendiri, terdapat beragam permasalahan yang terjadi mulai dari posisi terendah sampai ke tingkat decision maker itu sendiri. Permasalahan yang sering ditemui dalam organisasi adalah komunikasi yang tidak berjalan dengan baik. Komunikasi tidak terjalin baik secara vertikal maupun horizontal. diperlukan adanya pendampingan managerial untuk meningkatkan keterampilan komunikasi dalam organisasi.
Kata kunci: Personality Development, Keterampilan Komunikasi, Pondok Pesantren Al Ikhlas Putri Bahrul Ulum
ABSTRACT
The existence of an organization is strongly influenced by several aspects including the unification of vision and mission as well as the same goals as the realization of the existence of a group of people in society. In order to achieve that goal, organizations need an effective management system that will support the organization's ongoing operations and the level of work effectiveness also needs to be considered. In the implementation of the organization itself, there are various problems that occur from the lowest position to the level of the decision maker itself. The problem that is often encountered in organizations is communication that does not go well. Communication is not established either vertically or horizontally. managerial assistance is needed to improve communication skills within the organization.
Keywords: Personality Development, Communication Skills, Pondok Pesantren Al Ikhlas Putri Bahrul Ulum.