bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical analysis of cascara tea from wine coffee processing with a different fermentation times
Authors: Prono-Widayat H , Arpi N , Andini R , Muzaifa M , Gunawan F
Published: March 2021

Wine coffee is the result of processing coffee using a modified fermentation method. Currently, wine coffee is one of the most popular coffee products for coffee connoisseurs because of its strong and distinctive taste due to the fermentation process it goes through. Increased processing of wine coffee certainly increases the amount of waste produced. The aim of this research was to study the effect of fermentation time of wine coffee toward cascara tea quality. This study used a completely randomized design which consisted of 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment was fermentation times that consisted of F0 = control (no fermentation), F1 = 25 days of fermentation, F2 = 35 days of fermentation, F3 = 45 days of fermentation. The parameters analyzed were pH, total phenol and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the fermentation time of wine coffee affected the pH value of the cascara produced. Total phenol and antioxidant activity of cascara tea were not affected by fermentation time. It is necessary to analyze the level of consumer preference on the sensory quality of the resulting cascara tea.
Bandung sustainable urban mobility policy – angkot contribution on public transport emission
Authors: Miftah A Z , Hesti C K , Raharjo M A , Khairani A F
Published: March 2021

The trend of urban transportation policy has led to the sustainable development agenda specifically in reducing greenhouse gas production. Improvement in public transportation services was needed to decrease the number of private vehicles, which was directly proportional to fuel consumption. Our previous study regarding public transport had been carried out by measuring the contribution of Trans Metro Bandung (TMB) to the emissions in Bandung City. Emissions from other modes of public transportation such as Angkot (fleet of minibus), which had a greater number of units and routes compared to other modes was also needed to be elucidated. This research seeks to identify the contributions of Angkot emissions based on fuel consumption (Tier 2). The results showed that Angkot had a higher contribution to the emissions in Bandung City compared to the contribution of TMB. Therefore, a comprehensive transportation policy scheme was required to create a more integrated management of public transportation and emission standard. Enforcement to the Angkot operators was needed to apply and improve their service management. Thus, in the future, Angkot will be more environmentally friendly.
Learning from the non-technological foundation of a smart city: philosophy and its representations in the formation of urban attributes of Kota Cakaranegara (Lombok)
Authors: Siwalatri N K A
Published: March 2021

Cakranegara is one of the cities which located in west Lombok was planned city and was developed since kingdom of Karangasem Bali controlled the island of Lombok in the 16th century. Cakranegara is one of the cities that has a very regular grid pattern and applies the Hindu philosophy in its design. How the Hindu philosophy is represented in the spatial character of the city of Cakranegara is the goals of the study. This research is a qualitative study and data collected by observing, interviewing and conducting empirical analysis on the map of the Cakranegara. From this study, it was concluded that the Hindu philosophy is represented in the spatial pattern of Cakranegara by applying the binary opposition concept of luan-teben, kaja-kelod, periphery-centre, upper-lower, and east-west orientation to create a spatial hierarchy for the city. Forming elements of the city are the palace/government, temples, markets, residential blocks and community housing, road networks, parks, and cemeteries. The layout of the elements forming the city applies the concept of the kuta negara to create a cosmological balance. The application of Hindu philosophy in urban spatial planning can be an alternative approach to urban design in recent time.
Effect of flow on corrosion of water pipelines in petrochemical industry
Authors: Lin Nan , Li Cong , Luo Yanlong , Jiang Ping , He Renyang , Zhang Jibo
Published: March 2021

Effect of flow on corrosion of inner wall of metal pipelines is complex, relationship between them has not been fully revealed yet in existing researches. In petrochemical industry, leakage of water pipelines often occurs. Once sewage pipelines leaking, serious pollution may happen. Therefore, valid researches on effect of flow on corrosion could provide a theoretical basis for process designing and inspection planning of water pipelines in petrochemical industry. In this paper, the static and flow induced corrosion were discussed according to the experimental results, the acceleration and influence of the velocity on flow induced corrosion were discussed.
Emission evaluation of carbon disulfide from rubber surfaces in small environmental chambers
Authors: Luo Ligang , Yuan Ronghui , Liu Furong , Yao Huazhen , Yan Xiaoying , He Huihui
Published: March 2021

Carbon disulfide (CS2) emitted from rubber surfaces was determined by TD-GC-MS. Simulated with 60 L environmental chambers, the emission characteristics of CS2 from rubber surfaces were investigated. The quantitative approach was confirmed using a dynamic recovery experiment. The emission factors of CS2 presented a rapid increase especially in the inception phase, and an equilibrium status was obtained while the relative standard deviations were within 5% after 6 h. This method was quite appropriate for the emission characteristic research of sulfide, which provided a theoretical basis for the corresponding environmental supervision of rubber surfaces.
A Water quality monitoring system: design for Dian Lake sewage treatment plants in towns
Authors: Cun Ruitao , Hong Yidai , Liang Hong , Liu Tong
Published: March 2021

Since sewage treatment plant consumes much of electric energy in the city, the optimization and improvement of the equipment and energy consumption monitoring management system is conducive to its development and even driving an energy-consuming society. There are a total of 20 sewage treatment plants of towns that directly affect the water environment of Dianchi Lake. Due to the dispersion of sewage treatment data, the lack of regular testing of water quality, poor accuracy and reliability of data, difficulty in evaluating the effect of sewage treatment and the lack of data management standards and norms, the water quality and quantity will have an impact on the ecosystem of Dianchi Lake if the water from plants is discharged directly or indirectly into the riverways, tributaries or channels of the Lake. Therefore, building a water quality monitoring system for 20 sewage treatment plants of Kunming is an important measure to ensure the water quality and improve the ecosystem of Dianchi Lake. This paper discusses the design of the water quality monitoring system for the sewage treatment plants of towns near Dianchi Lake from the perspective of relevant technologies.
Research on water quality and pollution characteristics of a typical coastal plain river network
Authors: Fu Lei , Gao Shang , Wang Junmin , Wu Jianfeng
Published: March 2021

Pinghu City is a typical coastal city in Zhejiang Province. It has confronted many problems such as low velocity of the river network and poor quality of the water ecological environment. Water pollution has seriously affected the local social and economic development as well as the residential environment. In this study, the plain river network of Pinghu City is selected as an example to analyze the amount of various pollutants. Different types of pollutants are calculated based on the statistic data. The pollution characteristics of the coastal plain river network in Pinghu City is then collected and analyzed. This study will provide further treatment solutions for water pollution in cities with typical coastal plain river network in Zhejiang Province.
Integrated flood risk management on sedimentation, course stabilization and spare-course planning in Yellow River Delta
Authors: Zhang Yiru , Chen Jing , Huang Bo
Published: March 2021

The Yellow River Delta as the youngest land of China was originated in 1855, after the river changed its downstream course and emptied into Bohai Sea. Thereafter, the river channel shifted and swayed naturally due to great silt sedimentation in delta area. High silt concentration and sedimentation is the Yellow River’s major characteristic, which dominates the evolution law of the estuary, and lead to river bed rising, tail channel extending, swaying and even course diversion on the end. Dike heightening, enforcing projects and river regulation works have improved the discharging capability of river channel, but the fundamental measures to decrease flood risk in delta are sediment reduction in reservoir, sediment conservation in middle reaches and measures for course stabilization and spare-course planning. The paper gives a comprehensive analysis on water and sediments relationship, evolution process of tail channel, and presents possible solutions on flood risk management.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the “Environmental Protection Tax Law” from the tax amount of atmospheric pollutants
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wu Peng , Shan Baoguo , Tang Wei , Wang Chengjie , Tan Qingkun , Chen Bo , Xiong Ke
Published: March 2021

China’s atmospheric pollutants are mainly sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, and the “Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China” stipulates relevant regulations on the collection of environmental protection taxes on atmospheric pollutant emissions. In this paper, by calculating the equivalent pollutant emissions of various terminal energy sources, according to the environmental protection tax items and tax standards, the environmental protection tax payable for various terminal energy sources is obtained. By comparing the environmental protection tax amounts of various terminal energy sources, it is found that the current environmental protection tax collection standards are too low, which can neither compensate for the economic and environmental losses caused by pollutants emitted by fossil energy sources, nor improve the price advantage of clean energy.
Studying the coupling coordination degree between socio-economic and eco-environment of Jing-Jin-Ji urban agglomeration during 2001-2015
Authors: Ji Jianwan , Wang Shixin , Zhou Yi , Liu Wenliang , Wang Litao
Published: March 2021

With the fast urbanization process of China, many problems also have arisen. Under such background, pursuing the coordinated development of the socio-economic subsystem and eco-environment subsystem has become a hot spot. However, existing researches seldom investigated the regional coupling coordination degree at the gridded level. In this study, combined with the coupling coordination degree model, remote sensing datasets, and other socio-economic datasets at the raster format, we explored the coupling coordination degree of JJJ from 2001 to 2015 at the gridded level. The result of our study showed that (1) The eco-environment of JJJ had improved during 2001∼2015, among it, the eco-environment with high RSEI value mainly located in the mountainous area of JJJ, including the Yanshan mountain, and Taihangshan mountain. In contrast, the eco-environment with relatively low RSEI value was mostly located in the central Hebei plain and urban zone. (2) The spatial coupling coordination degree of JJJ showed a decreased trend, with the decrease of high, relatively high, and medium grades area, and the increase of low, and relatively low grades area. Generally, these high coupling coordination degree regions mainly located in the city’s central zone, while these mountainous regions and central Hebei plain mainly displayed a low coupling coordination degree due to the socio-economic lag. These findings may provide more useful information for the relevant policy-makers.
Research on planting arrangement of coconuts in Zhanjiang city under the climate adaptive design
Authors: Chen Yiwei , Xia Chunhua
Published: March 2021

The essential factor that enables people to stay in the active space depends on whether the area can provide comfort to the human body. According to this theory, the climate-adaptive design will effectively improve space vitality. First of all, this paper analysis and summary the climate in Zhanjiang City based on the “golden section method,” obtaining that the comfort of Zhanjiang is dominated by thermal discomfort, and trees can improve the city’s thermal comfort level through shading. Then we established the sun’s orbit map and the trajectory model of coconut shadow changes and used the penetration threshold theory, the following coconut planting arrangement is derived: (1) when the planting quantity is less than or equal to seven or more than 608, there is a reserved space, and the planting arrangement of coconuts is compact; (2) when the number of coconuts is more than seven and less than 608, there will be no reserved space. Currently, the planting arrangement of coconuts is random, and the area of planting space units is less than or equal to 71. 6+x m2 (x is the number of coconuts). These findings will help the designer offer better guidelines for planting and improving the vitality of the space.
The establishment of real time simulation platform of AC / DC system based on power electronic transformer
Authors: Zhang Xing , Li Yang , He Guoqing
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a real-time simulation platform of a AC/DC hybrid system using embedded simulators as kernel components, where the power electronic transformer (PET) is established by VHDL to break through the limitation of maximum emulatable switches in MATLAB/Simulink. Other components in the hybrid system including DC/DC converter, DC/AC converter and renewable generation units are simulated on CPU computing units. High-speed communication interface is used to ensure microsecond-level simulation step. Hardware-In-The-Loop (HIL) tests are taken to validate the proposed simulation platform.
Research on photovoltaic ultra short-term power prediction algorithm based on attention and LSTM
Authors: Yan Aiyun , Gu Jinbo , Mu Yahui , Li Jingjiao , Jin Shuowei , Wang Aixia
Published: March 2021

Based on the actual monitoring historical data of photovoltaic power station, combined with the actual engineering demand of photovoltaic microgrid on the user side, the lightweight algorithm of ultra short-term photovoltaic power prediction is studied, which is conducive to improving the operation efficiency and economy of power system. In this paper, the ultra short-term power prediction of photovoltaic power station is carried out by combining the LSTM algorithm with attention mechanism. Firstly, Pearson correlation coefficient method is used to reduce the dimension of the data set. The data with low correlation between weather variables and power to be predicted and historical power are eliminated, and the algorithm model structure is simplified. Then, the attention mechanism is combined with LSTM network to improve the effectiveness of the prediction model for long time series input. The proposed model is trained and compared with the data of a photovoltaic power station. The results show that the model achieves good experimental results in different weather conditions, and can effectively improve the prediction accuracy.
Inverse modelling of PV power prediction based on GA method
Authors: Tang Cecilia , Zhou Hang
Published: March 2021

Traditional modelling methods are generally forward modelling, that is, the basic parameters of photovoltaic cells provided by manufacturers need to be known before in order to calculate the power output of photovoltaic cells. However, the traditional modelling method is no longer applicable to complex situations, such as if manufacturer parameters are not available, or if the original manufacturer parameters are inaccurate due to prolonged usage. In this study, a new inverse modelling method is proposed, which uses genetic algorithm (GA) to identify the internal parameters of photovoltaic cell equation and solve the equation by Gauss-Seidel iterative method. The experimental test was conducted in Wuhan, China. The results show the root mean square error is only 1.34V and 2.66V for two-day tests, which demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Robust optimal dispatch of power grid considering uncertainty of wind power output and electric vehicles
Authors: Li Lei , Liu Weidong , Li Dan , Li Xiaohui , Liu Xiaochen
Published: March 2021

With the extensive grid connection of wind power and the massive access of electric vehicles, their random nature has aggravated the difficulty of grid dispatching. In this paper, the idea of robust optimization is used to consider the uncertain factors faced by power grid dispatch, and the objective function is to minimize the total cost in extreme scenarios to establish a max-min optimization model for robust optimal dispatch of power grid. By adopting the column and constraint generation (C&CG) decomposition algorithm, the max-min double-layer optimization problem is decomposed into the main problem and the sub-problem iteratively, and a robust optimal scheduling scheme for dealing with uncertain factors is obtained. Finally, the IEEE 33-bus power system is taken as an example to carry out simulation analysis, and compared with the deterministic optimization scheduling method. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the robust optimization scheduling model and solution algorithm in this paper.
Physical fusion method of power grid information based on power flow calculation
Authors: Zhang Hui , Rong Xiuting , Ma Gaoyuan , Zhao Jie , Jia Chenyiyang , Tang Jiajie
Published: March 2021

From the perspective of information physical fusion, considering the relationship among power network, communication network and information network, the power information system model considering the coupling relationship between power network and information network is established. Firstly, a three-layer model framework of power information physical system considering communication transmission factors is proposed. The whole modeling process is divided into three parts: power network, information network and communication channel, which are effectively associated with power network and information network; Then, a mathematical model of power information physical system integration considering multi-layer coupling is proposed; Finally, the power information physical model based on ieee9 bus is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed modeling method based on power flow calculation and topology analysis.
Research on biological sealing for openings in nuclear power plant
Authors: He Weiting , Feng Zhenhu , Chen Li
Published: March 2021

Civil opening sealing is an important work during the construction stage of nuclear power projects, which directly affects the follow-up nuclear cleaning and system transferred to commissioning. The sealing of biological shielding openings mainly exists in the walls and floors across the boundary of the nuclear island buildings, which is with great significance to ensure the integrity of the boundary function of the radiation zone. The configurations for openings in concrete shield walls shall provide adequate attenuation to reduce the exposure of the workers. Through the research of the biological sealing for civil opening and the investigation of good practice for foreign nuclear facilities, the purpose of this paper is to optimize the opening sealing scheme based on construction and operation experience, and give the guidance for the construction application and save the cost for the nuclear project.
Analysis and optimization of coil structure of magnetic circuit mechanism for electric vehicle wireless charging system
Authors: Wang Songcen , Xu Chong , Wei Bin , Xu Jinxing , Yin Jiacheng , Xia Chenyang
Published: March 2021

To improve the efficiency of the electric vehicle wireless charging system, an optimization design method for the number of coil layers is proposed and studied, which effectively improves the coupling coefficient of the magnetic circuit mechanism. This article first analyzes the energy efficiency characteristics of the wireless charging system for electric vehicles. Then, it analyzes the inductance value changes and magnetic field distribution characteristics of fixed turns coils under different layers. The finite element simulation results performed by MAXWELL show that inducing the number of primary coil layers and increasing the number of secondary coil layers are conducive to the improvement of the coupling coefficient between the coils. Then, based on the theoretical analysis results, the number of coil turns of each layer of the multilayer coil is analyzed and optimized, and a bowl-shaped pair multilayer coil winding method is proposed.
Prediction of dissolved gas in power transformer oil based on LSTM-GA
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wang Shengyuan , Jiang Yijun , Wu Feifei , Sun Chenming
Published: March 2021

Because the change process of the content of dissolved gas in transformer oil is fluctuating and is affected by many factors such as oil temperature and external environment, the gas content does not increase exponentially and is nonlinear and non-stationary. This feature determines the current Prediction technology cannot accurately predict the concentration of dissolved gas in transformer oil. To improve the prediction accuracy of the dissolved gas content in the transformer oil, more accurately evaluate the transformer status and customize the entire preventive plan under the alarming development trend of the transformer, to minimize the prediction error, this paper proposes a transformer combining genetic algorithm and long short-term memory (LSTM)neural network Prediction model of dissolved gas content in oil. The genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize look back(lb), lstm nets(ls), epochs(ep), and the dropout(dp), and then the genetic algorithm is combined with the long short-term memory neural network. The gas content is predicted. This model overcomes the problem of low prediction accuracy caused by selecting parameters based on experience. The analysis result of the calculation example shows that compared with the traditional prediction algorithm, the proposed method can better track the change law of the dissolved gas concentration in the oil, improve the prediction accuracy, and provide a strong guarantee for the safe and stable operation of power transformers.
Ecological evaluation of Zhoushan economy based on emergy indices
Authors: Wang Laidi , Zhao Sheng , Gui Feng
Published: March 2021

Cities economy is an important pattern for the region to realize the transition of sustainable development. Scientific evaluation of the development of economy is the decision-making foundation to further promote sustainable development. This paper provides an integrated study on the ecological account of Zhoushan city economy with the data from 1995 to 2010 based on emergy synthesis theory. Through evaluating environment and economic inputs within and outside the Zhoushan economy, the Zhoushan’s resource structure, economics situation and trade status and its sustainability are discussed based on a series of emergy indicators. In this study we used five types of emergy indicators or ratios to assess the sustainability of system, Emergy Intensity (Els), Economic Efficiency, Environmental Efficiency, Emergy Sustainability Index and Source Diversity. The energy value per unit area of Zhoushan City increased from 4.51E+11 sej/m2 in 1995 to 1.46E+12 sej/m2 in 2010, with an average annual growth rate of 12%, which was 3.2 times that of 1995. During the 12-year study period, the per capita emergy value in Zhoushan increased from 1.02E+16 sej/person in 1995 to 3.36E+16 sej/person in 2010, which was 3.29 times that of 1995. Zhoushan’s emergy currency ratio dropped from 1.13E+21 sej / $ in 1995 to 3.41E+20 sej / $ in 2010. The emergy output rate of Zhoushan City dropped from 14.18 in 1995 to 12.99 in 2010, indicating that the economic system needs more emergy flows to provide enough goods and services for the society. The Environmental Loading Ratio (ELR) increased rapidly from 0.10 in 1995 to 1.80 in 2010. The emergy sustainability index (ESI) of Zhoushan was declined from 145.11 in 1995 to 7.23 in 2010. The source diversity of Zhoushan was increased during the period 1995-2010, with the highest value of 0.7284 in 2007 and lowest of 0.5114 in 2000. These emergy based indexes are calculated here in order to provide a deeper understanding of complexity growth or decline in Zhoushan city.
Measuring the capacity utilization of China’s coal industry based on latent class stochastic frontier model
Authors: Ju Yanping
Published: March 2021

Due to the regional differences of coal resources storage and mining in China, the latent class stochastic frontier model is used to calculate the capacity utilization of coal industry from 2001 to 2016. The results show that China’s coal industry began to suffer from overcapacity in 2012, and capacity utilization dropped to 0.68 in 2016. The coal-producing provinces are grouped into four classes: abundant, moderate, poor and exhausted. The capacity utilization of coal industry in poor and exhausted classes are generally high and there is little room for improvement. After 2011, the capacity utilization of coal industry in rich and moderate classes showed an obvious trend of decline, falling to a low level in 2015∼2016. This indicates that there was a serious waste of resources in coal production of these province during this period. Capacity utilization of coal industry is sensitive to the economic development variable, while the market fluctuation make inter-provincial capacity utilization performance similar.
Benefit evaluation of power grid project based on matter-element extension model
Authors: Ye Qiang , Xu Weiting , Chen Bo , Wang Siqi , Wu Haoyu
Published: March 2021

Under the background of power market reform, power grid enterprises should continue to expand new business and new mode. Based on the background of power reform, this paper constructs the power grid evaluation index system considering the economic, technical and social aspects, and uses the variable weight theory to determine the weight of each index. The matter-element extension comprehensive evaluation model based on the ideal interval method is used to evaluate the benefits of power grid projects. It lays a theoretical foundation for the formulation of marketing strategy and the promotion of economic benefits of power grid company.
Forecasting the short-term urban gas daily demand in winter based on the XGBoost algorithm
Authors: Duan Yanzhi , Li Sensheng , Chen Shuiyin , Tan Qi , Chen Can , Wang Menghao
Published: March 2021

The share of natural gas in the primary energy consumption is continuously increasing. The urban gas plays a major part in the natural gas consumption in China, and thus the accurate prediction of the short-term urban gas daily demand in winter facilitates the healthy development of the natural gas consumption and helps to maintain the secure and appropriate urban gas supply. This paper thoroughly analyzed the factors affecting the urban gas demand in winter, introduced the XGBoost algorithm for the forecast, and made accurate predictions regarding the violently-fluctuating short-term urban gas daily demand in winter. In the simulation tests, the Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of the forecast made in the proposed model are 8.269 and 1.515%, respectively. Compared with other statistical algorithms and machine learning/artificial intelligence algorithms such as the multivariate regression, random forest and support vector machine, the proposed model has shown better fitting performance and higher prediction accuracy. Therefore, the XGBoost-based prediction model can provide references for the short-term urban gas daily demand forecasting.
Rapid economic evaluation technology for oil and gas development projects in Africa
Authors: Zou Qian , Wang Keming , Fa Guifang , Yin Xiuling , Peng Min
Published: March 2021

Africa is a key area for overseas oil and gas investment cooperation due to the low degree of oil and gas exploration and great resource potential. All oil and gas resource countries have certain common characteristics in contract modes, fiscal and tax terms, economic conditions, infrastructure and bidding methods. A theoretical system of rapid economic evaluation technology suitable for the characteristics of Africa can be established to provide the methods and basis for investment decisions of oil and gas development projects in Africa. In this paper, on the basis of a systematic study on oil contract modes in Africa and the legal terms, sales market, actual operations and evaluation and prediction parameters to be focused on, an economic evaluation index system has been established, including analysis framework establishment, financial benefit analysis and uncertainty analysis; finally, an oil and gas development project in Africa is taken as an example to verify the above-mentioned rapid economic evaluation technology. This technology system is applicable to economic evaluation of most oil and gas development projects in Africa, covering the possible factors, scenarios and problems in the process of project evaluation, facilitating the realization of a rapid and effective economic evaluation process and the achievement of scientific and reasonable results.
A research on line loss calculation based on BP neural network with genetic algorithm optimization
Authors: Jin Yukun , Li Zeng , Han Yipin , Li Xiaopeng , Li Pingting , Li Guangdi , Wang Hao
Published: March 2021

In order to realize the calculation of the line loss of the distribution network with complex structure and low-voltage station area, this paper presents a line loss calculation method based on BP neural network with genetic algorithm optimization. The proposed method is based on the actual operation data of the distribution network. Firstly, build an error back propagation (BP) neural network model to compute the theoretical line loss of the distribution network, then use genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the neural network and establish the GA-BP model. Based on the proposed model, the calculation demonstrates that the neural network line loss rate calculation model with genetic algorithm optimization shows better performance than the single BP neural network model, such as better nonlinear fitting ability and higher calculation accuracy. Therefore, the line loss calculation method proposed in this paper based on the BP neural network with the genetic algorithm optimization can improve the accuracy of the distribution network line loss rate calculation model.
Electric vehicle dispatching in smart charging station: a pricing strategy
Authors: Zhao Xuliang , Xue Jiguang , Wu Tong , Xue Hong , Dong Sitong , Liu Yan
Published: March 2021

With the rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs), intelligent charging stations will surely become the focus of development. However, the disordered charging of electric vehicles will cause unbalanced resource utilization. Therefore, it is necessary to study the scheduling problem of electric vehicles in charging stations. In this paper, we propose a new electric vehicle dispatching method to realize balanced utilization of resources and high economic benefits. We model the multi-charging station pricing strategy problem as a non-cooperative continuous strategy game with an integrated objective combining charging cost and charging station capacity. Then the existence of Nash equilibrium is proved, and we combining particle swarm optimization with iterative search method to solve the equilibrium point. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Study on cross-space risk interaction mechanism in CPS system under network attack
Authors: Han Zhentao , Song Kun , Song Zhuoran , Chang Peng , He Xin , Duan Zhiyuan
Published: March 2021

Power Information-Physical Systems are at risk of cyberattacks. Based on the interaction mechanism of power information-physical fusion system across space risks under network attack, this paper first analyzes the operational characteristics of power information-physical fusion system, and studies the operating characteristics and structural characteristics of the system before the attack occurs. Secondly, the topological model of power information-physical fusion system is established, and the influence of CPS system structure vulnerability on the spread of network attack security risk is analyzed from the characteristics of power grid topology, and a method of quantifying vulnerability nodes in network is established. At the same time, considering the evolution process of risk in the cross-space environment, combined with the operational characteristics of information-physical fusion system, this paper deeply studies the process of interactive transmission of power grid information-physical system security risk under cyber attack, and analyzes the alternating propagation process of information side risk penetrating physical boundary to trigger physical side risk and lead to further expansion of risk. Finally, the simulation analysis is carried out through the IEEE-57 node test system.
Online full-parameter identification and SOC estimation of lithium-ion battery pack based on composite electrochemical - dual circuit polarization modeling
Authors: Shi Haotian , Wang Shunli , Fernandez Carlos , Yu Chunmei , Fan Yongcun , Cao Wen
Published: March 2021

A new composite electrochemistry-dual circuit polarization model (E-DCP) is proposed by combining the advantages of various electrochemical empirical models in this paper. Then, the multi-innovation least squares (MILS) algorithm is used to perform online full parameter identification for the E-DCP model in order to improve data usage efficiency and parameter identification accuracy. In addition, on the basis of the E-DCP model, the MILS and the extended Kalman filter (EKF) are combined to enhance the state estimation accuracy of the battery management system (BMS). Finally, the model and the algorithm are both verified through urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) and the complex charge-discharge loop test. The results indicate that the accuracy of E-DCP is relatively high under different working conditions, and the errors of state of charge (SOC) estimation after the combination of MILS and EKF are all within 2.2%. This lays a concrete foundation for practical use of the BMS in the future.
Optimization and utilization of peak-shaving capability for water drive gas storage
Authors: Bi Yangyang , Liu Tuanhui , Xi Zengqiang , Huang Wenfeng , Xia Qing
Published: March 2021

To determine the reasonable gas injection and production quantity and to minimize the influence of water invasion on the operation of underground gas storage is one of the key factors to decide whether the water drive gas storage can fully exert its peak shaving ability. At present, gas reservoir engineering method is mainly used in China, which mainly reflects the operation of underground gas storage under the condition of less water invasion at the end of gas production, it cannot really reflect the influence of water invasion on the operation of underground gas storage under the condition of large injection-production volume. Through the numerical simulation and the research of the injection-production performance, it is clear that the main geological factors affecting the reasonable injection-production rate of the gas storage are the pressure of the gas storage, the properties of the reservoir, the distribution of gas and water and the radius of well control. Based on the reservoir changes of pressure, water yield, gas-water ratio, gas-water interface and saturation, and according to the influence of multi-period water invasion on the operation of gas storage, the optimization technology of peak shaving capacity of water drive gas reservoir is established, which successfully guides the optimization of injection-production operation of an underground gas storage in China. The result shows that after 5 cycles of operation, the gas injection displacement effect is successful, the gas production capacity is improved gradually, and the peak shaving capacity is 6.85 X 108m3 in 2019. The conclusion is that the optimization technology of peak shaving capacity is applicable to some extent, which provides theoretical basis and operating experience for the design of injection-production operation of the same type gas storage in China.
Residue of Rifaximin in Milk of Lactating Dairy Cows Following Administration of Intrauterine Infusion
Authors: Liu Jing , Jiang Lingyu , Zhang Jingju , Huang Huili , Li Xiubo , Xu Fei
Published: March 2021

In this article, a new intrauterine infusion containing rifaximin (RIF) was prepared, a sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of RIF in milk was developed, and the residue of drug in milk of dairy cows was carried out. Twelve healthy dairy cows were selected by random and treated by RIF intrauterine infusion at a dosage of 25 g/head (contain RIF187.5 mg). Milk samples were collected before dosing (0 h) and at different time intervals (6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 42, 48, 60, 72, and 96 h) after treatment. The results showed that the limit of detection(LOD) and limit of quantitation(LOQ) of UPLC-MS/MS were 0.5 ng/mL and 1.0 ng/mL, respectively. The residues of RIF in the milk samples from 6 h to 96 h after administration were not detected, which were lower than LOQ (1.0 ng/mL) and lower than maximum residue limits(MRLs) (60 ng/mL in milk). This study indicated that administration of RIF by uterine routine has a minimal distribution rate into the milk, and the RIF intrauterine infusion could be used in lactating cows with zero milk-withdrawal period.
Study on the Development and Utilization Model of Water Resources in Yihe River Basin
Authors: Jiao Zhen , Yang Shanshan , Xu Zhenghe , Pan Yi
Published: March 2021

The problem of water resource shortage has made many countries in the world face severe challenges. The reasonable water resource development and utilization model has increasingly become the research focus of each country. In this study, the Yihe river basin is taken as the research area. Based on the current water utilization status from 2001 to 2016, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is used. Selecting five evaluation factors, including urbanization rate, ecological environment water consumption rate, per capita water consumption, surface water supply ratio and groundwater supply ratio, to study the regional water resource development and utilization model. The results show that both Linyi city and Zibo city in the Yihe river basin are more suitable for the joint development model of surface water and groundwater.
Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variation of Land Use in Xiong’an New Area Based on Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Gao Pengcheng , Wang Shijie , Li Wei , Gao Xingyue
Published: March 2021

Aim to better plan the spatial layout of land use in Xiong’an New Area well, it is very important to research the land use in Xiong’an New Area. In view of Landsat5 TM data in 2009, Landsat8 OLI data in 2013 and 2017 in Xiong’an New Area, this research conducted necessary data processing and quantitatively studied the changes of land use in time and space in the past eight years in Xiong’an New Area by land utilization dynamic attitude model, transfer matrix and land use degree model. In addition, land use data in 2009 and 2017 were compared to determine specific changes in land use classifications. The consequences indicate that: From 2009 to 2017, the region of residential land in Xiong’an New Area increased significantly, the region of unused land extremely declined, and the region of cultivated land and woodland decreased slowly. From 2009 to 2017, the dynamic level of integrated annual change rate was 5.54%. Between 2009a-2013a and 2013a-2017a, the dynamic attitude towards comprehensive land use in Xiong’an New Area was 4.84 % and 8.73 %. The progress of the Xiong’an New Area in the latter four years had been faster than the previous four years.
Functional Fabric with Strain Sensing Based on Foam Finishing
Authors: Jiang Weidong , Ran Jianhua , Zeng Qi , Shen Hui , Li Haiyan , Bi Shuguang , Li Shiwei
Published: March 2021

Strain sensing is one of the core parts of smart fabric which can be expressed by electrical signals affected by external forces. In this paper, the strain sensing functional fabric was prepared by using the acidified carbon nanotubes (a-CNTs) as the conductive layer and the waterborne polyurethane (WPU) as the adhesive based on foam finishing method. The results showed that many hydroxyl and carboxyl groups were introduced into the surface of CNTs through acidification, which improved their dispersibility in aqueous solution. The blended film of a-CNTs and anionic WPU had excellent conductive properties. When the ratio of a-CNT to WPU was 9:1, the fabric had the smallest resistivity, about 0.13 Ω⋅m, and the corresponding tensile sensing sensitivity up to 55.2.
Response of Fish Trophic Niche to Water Level Regulation of the Three Gorges Reservoir in its Backwater Bay Using a Stable Isotope Approach
Authors: Huang Rongjing , Zhan Xuemei , Tao Xin , Li Bin
Published: March 2021

To date, our ability to speculate how species interactions will change temporally and spatially in response to WLR still inadequate, especially within large river-reservoir ecosystems. Fish communities in backwater bay of the Xiaojiang River of the TGR (Three Gorges Reservoir) were studied in 2010 and 2016 using a stable isotope approach to explore variations in fish trophic niches associated WLR. We found that fish assemblages tended to have broader trophic diversity spaces in LBAs (large backwater areas) at a water depth of 175 m, suggesting that the assimilation of food resources might come from a greater diversity of habitats or prey items with distinct isotopic signatures. Many among-fish species trophic niches tended to overlap and have broader ranges in LBAs compared to SBAs (small backwater areas) at a water depth of 145 m, which indicated that the processes of impounding at 175 m can provide more similar food resources for different fish species. Our findings highlight that WLR dynamics are typical characteristics of the backwater bay of the Xiaojiang River aquatic ecosystems caused by the operations of the TGR, which has significant ecological effects on the fish trophic structure within this community. Understanding the pattern of changes in fish trophic niche associated with WLR will be meaningful for fishery resources management of the other tributaries in the TGR.
Research on Development Status, Issues and Policy for Ecological Fishery of Large-scale Waters in China
Authors: Liu Zifei
Published: March 2021

China is rich in fishery resources of large-scale water such as lakes, reservoirs, and river ditch, and large-scale fisheries play an important role in freshwater fisheries. Its area and output account for 46% and 15.42% of the national freshwater fisheries respectively. Both theory and practice show that large-scale fisheries have obviously multiple ecological, economic and social functions. In China, large-scale fisheries can be divided into five types that are industry convergence development, water ranch, environmental cage, reservoir water quality protection, repair ecology in lake. However, in recent years, the back-out of “seine, block, cage” with environmental storm has caused serious negative impacts. Compared with 2016, in 2018, the area of all kinds of large-scale ecological fisheries in the country has decreased by 11%-34%, and it faces social cognition bias, partial or individual short-term economic behavior, insufficient integration and other issues. Focusing on problems and combining the development goals of the new era of fisheries, drawing on typical successful experiences, four countermeasures including adhering to ecological priorities, increasing publicity, innovating institutional mechanisms, optimizing support policies, and building internal motivation are proposed to promote sustainable development of large-scale ecological fisheries.
Effect of Relative Humidity on Main Resonance Frequency for Paper Honeycomb Packaging System
Authors: Yang Rui , Wang Dongmei , Du Saina
Published: March 2021

Paper honeycomb sandwich plate is often used as transport packaging for the good cushioning and vibration isolation properties. However, the change of relative humidity has a great influence on the vibration performance of paper honeycomb sandwich plate because of its strong water vapor absorbing characteristics. In order to avoid the system resonance and reduce the product vibration damage, the main resonance frequencies for the paper honeycomb packaging system were evaluated by the sinusoidal vibration tests, further the effects of relative humidity, static compression stress, and the geometric parameters of honeycomb core on the main resonance frequencies were investigated. The results show that the main resonance frequency decreases with the increase of relative humidity, static compression stress, honeycomb cell length, and plate thickness.
The economics comparison of power plants fuelled by wellhead gas and liquefied natural gas in Aceh Province
Authors: Budiana D , Dalimi R
Published: March 2021

The Aceh Province Electricity System is supplied by Gas Engine Power Plant (GEPP) fuelled by Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Coal-fired power plant and Diesel Engine with Diesel fuel and transfers from the North Sumatra system during peak loads. LNG fuel is sent by ship from the Tangguh Papua Refinery which is regasification in Perta Arun Gas, Lhokseumawe, Aceh Province, so the production costs are expensive due to the distance from the gas supply sources. To get cheaper electricity production costs, it can be done by using the gas potential in Aceh province. In this study, the economic value will be calculated by comparing the use of two types of gas fuel, namely wellhead gas fuel and LNG gas for Gas Turbine and Gas Engine power plants, to determine the cost of electricity production for each power plant with the same fuel. Based on the calculation results, gas engine power plant with fuel from the Wellhead Gas has the best production costs with value of IDR 1,262.21 / kWh lower than the electricity tariff of IDR 1,467 / kWh, and has an IRR of 24.78% and a payback period of 4,88 years. By knowing the most economic value for the construction of power plant with Wellhead Gas, it can be used as a basis for policy making in choosing an economical power plant development for areas with gas potential, such as in Aceh province.
LCA Analysis on Improving Scenario of Domestic Solid Waste Management in Padang City based on the case in Kitakyushu City
Authors: Wulandari S , Raharjo S , Rachman I , Matsumoto T
Published: March 2021

The implementation of domestic solid waste management in Padang City conducted by the government still uses a conventional method, including acollection-transportation-disposal system with only about 5% of solid waste recycling rate. In Japan, Kitakyushu City manages its domestic solid waste appropriately by recycling the solid waste into beneficial products and applying sea reclamation landfill for solid waste residues from the final treatment process. By conducting Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis, this study examines the appropriate improved scenario of domestic solid waste management in Padang City throughevaluation and improvement of the existing implementation and the shortcomings of Padang City based onthe case study inKitakyushu City, comprisingfour scenarios. Scenario 0 presents the existing condition; scenarios 1, 2, and 3 present the improvement of Scenario 0 in recycling percentage rate and technology implementation in a row by composting, incineration, and anaerobic digestion. CML 2001 is used to assess the environmental impact of Global Warming Potential, Acidification Potential, and Eutrophication Potential. This study implies that Scenario 1 is the most appropriate scenario for improving domestic solid waste management in Padang City because of the low environmental impact as the smallest normalization score of 5.81×10−10.