bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Tidal Dynamics of the Korea Strait Using the Extended Taylor Method
Authors: Wu Di , Fang Guohong , Wei Zexun , Cui Xinmei
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The Korea Strait (KS) is a major navigation passage linking the Japan Sea (JS) to the East China Sea and Yellow Sea. Almost all existing studies on the tides in the KS employed either data analysis or numerical modelling methods; thus, theoretical research is lacking. In this paper, we idealize the KS-JS basin as three connected uniform-depth rectangular areas and establish a theoretical model for the tides in the KS and JS using the extended Taylor method. The model-produced K1 and M2 tides are consistent with the satellite altimeter and tidal gauge observations, especially for the locations of the amphidromic points in the KS. The model solution provides the following insights into the tidal dynamics. The tidal system in each area can be decomposed into two oppositely travelling Kelvin waves and two families of Poincaré modes, with Kelvin waves dominating the tidal system. The incident Kelvin wave can be reflected at the connecting cross-section, where abrupt increases in water depth and basin width occur from the KS to JS. At the connecting cross-section, the reflected wave has a phase-lag increase relative to the incident wave by less than 180°, causing the formation of amphidromic points in the KS. The above phase-lag increase depends on the angular frequency of the wave and becomes smaller as the angular frequency decreases. This dependence explains why the K1 amphidromic point is located farther away from the connecting cross-section in comparison to the M2 amphidromic point.
Seasonal Variation of Drug Prescription Rate for Overactive Bladder in Men Based on National Health Insurance Claims Data, 2012–2016
Authors: Kim Jong Won , Ahn Hyun Kyu , Ko Jongcheol , Lee Dongu , Ha Jee Soo , Kim Jae Hwan , Park So Jeong , Cho Kang Su
Published: September 2020

Purpose: Overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms might be affected by weather, but only a few clinical studies have investigated this issue. We investigated seasonal variations in OAB-drug prescription rate (DPR) in men using nationwide claims data in Korea.Methods: A total of 2,824,140 men aged over 18 years were included from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment service – National Patient Sample data between 2012 and 2016. Depending on the monthly average temperature, the seasons were divided into 3 groups, namely, hot (June, July, August, and September), intermediate (April, May, October, and November), and cold (January, February, March, and December) seasons. OAB-DPR was estimated using the claims data, and differences in its rate were examined among the 3 seasonal groups.Results: The overall OAB-DPR was 1.97% (55,574 of 2,824,140). The OAB-DPR were 0.38%, 0.63%, 0.92%, 1.74%, 4.18%, 7.55%, and 9.69% in the age groups of under 30, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, 70s, and over 80 years, respectively; thus, the prescription rate increased with age (P<0.001), with a steeper increase after 60 years of age. OAB-DPR was 1.02% in the hot season, 1.19% in the intermediate season, and 1.27% in the cold season, with significant differences among the 3 seasonal groups (P<0.001). These seasonal variations persisted in the subgroup analysis in each age decade (P<0.001).Conclusions: OAB-DPR varied with seasons and was significantly higher in the cold season than in the hot season, suggesting that cold weather may affect development and aggravation of OAB symptoms in men.
Evaluation of YouTube Videos Regarding Clean Intermittent Catheterization Application
Authors: Culha Yeliz , Culha Mehmet Gokhan , Acaroglu Rengin
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) training and education videos on YouTube.Methods: This study was conducted in English language in descriptive type to evaluate the content, reliability, and quality of Internet videos related to CIC training. The search was performed by using term “clean intermittent catheterization” and “intermittent self catheterization” on YouTube in August 2019. The content of the selected videos was analyzed by 2 independent experts in the field. The DISCERN questionnaire was used to analyze the reliability of the video and the global quality score (GQS) was used for the quality of the video.Results: When the contents of the 64 videos included in the study were examined, it was found that 41 of them contained useful information and 23 of them contained misleading information. DISCERN scores, video coverage scores, and GQS of videos with useful information were found to be statistically higher than those with misleading information (P<0.001). When the sources of the videos were examined, it was seen that 78.05% of the videos containing useful information were published by medical advertisement/for-profit companies (P<0.001). The reliability scores, coverage scores, and GQS of the videos from medical advertisement/for-profit companies were significantly higher than the other sources (P<0.001).Conclusions: In this study, it was seen that the majority of YouTube CIC training videos examined within the scope of the research were published by medical advertisement/for-profit companies and most of these videos contain useful information.
The Current Positioning of Augmentation Enterocystoplasty in the Treatment for Neurogenic Bladder
Authors: Jeong Seong Jin , Oh Seung-June
Published: September 2020

Augmentation enterocystoplasty (AEC) is a surgical procedure in which the bladder is enlarged using an intestinal segment in patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction who fail to achieve satisfactory results with all conservative treatments. Currently, surgical materials and procedures, concomitant correction of upper urinary tract abnormalities, or bladder neck reconstruction may vary depending on the experience and preferences of the surgeons. AEC has been proven to be successful with respect to surgical goals, such as achieving urinary continence, improving quality of life, and preserving the upper urinary tract over the long term. The advantage of AEC over intravesical injection of botulinum toxin—a more recent and less invasive procedure—is that the prevention of upper urinary tract damage and the improvement of urinary incontinence are more reliably guaranteed, especially considering that these surgical effects are permanent. Compared to less invasive treatments, the quality of life of patients after surgery is also much higher, and AEC may be more cost-effective in the long run. Thus, in patients with neurogenic bladder, AEC is still the gold standard surgical procedure with strong evidence in support of its efficacy. In this article, the indications, surgical methods, possible complications, long-term follow-up, and current positioning of AEC in lower urinary tract dysfunction is discussed.
Past, Present, and Future in the Study of Neural Control of the Lower Urinary Tract
Authors: Kim Jin Wook , Kim Su Jin , Kim Khae Hawn
Published: September 2020

The neurological coordination of the lower urinary tract can be analyzed from the perspective of motor neurons or sensory neurons. First, sensory nerves with receptors in the bladder and urethra transmits stimuli to the cerebral cortex through the periaqueductal gray (PAG) of the midbrain. Upon the recognition of stimuli, the cerebrum carries out decision-making in response. Motor neurons are divided into upper motor neurons (UMNs) and lower motor neurons (LMNs) and UMNs coordinate storage and urination in the brainstem for synergic voiding. In contrast, LMNs, which originate in the spinal cord, cause muscles to contract. These neurons are present in the sacrum, and in particular, a specific neuron group called Onuf’s nucleus is responsible for the contraction of the external urethral sphincter and maintains continence in states of rising vesical pressure through voluntary contraction of the sphincter. Parasympathetic neurons originating from S2–S4 are responsible for the contraction of bladder muscles, while sympathetic neurons are responsible for contraction of the urethral smooth muscle, including the bladder neck, during the guarding reflex. UMNs are controlled in the pons where various motor stimuli to the LMNs are directed along with control to various other pelvic organs, and in the PAG, where complex signals from the brain are received and integrated. Future understanding of the complex mechanisms of micturition requires integrative knowledge from various fields encompassing these distinct disciplines.
Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in a poultry and pork processing plants
Authors: Yushina Yuliya , Bataeva Dagmara , Makhova Anzhelika , Zayko Elena
Published: September 2020

The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in different stages of poultry and pork processing in the Central region of Russia. A total of 47 Campylobacter isolates were obtained from 107 samples from poultry processing plants (40.2%): 87.2% were identified as Campylobacter jejuni, whereas 12.8% were identified as Campylobacter coli. The prevalence of Campylobacter was significantly (p <0.05) higher after evisceration in the poultry processing plant. Campylobacter spp.was detected in 62.7% of the equipment and environmental samples. From positive samples of Campylobacter spp., 84.3% of Campylobacter jejuni and 15.7% Campylobacter coli were observed. A total of nine Campylobacter isolates were obtained from 116 samples from pork processing plants (7.8%): 33.3% of them were identified as Campylobacter jejuni whereas 66.7% were identified as Campylobacter coli. Splitting and evisceration were also critical in Campylobacter contamination. Almost all pork carcasses were Campylobacter positive, and all of them were identified as Campylobacter coli. The prevalence of positive Campylobacter samples in poultry processing plants was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than in pork processing plants.
The donor properties of resources resistance against the exciter of wheat rust wheat
Authors: Kovalyshyna Hanna , Dmytrenko Yuliia , Makarchuk Oleksandr , Slobodyanyuk Natalia , Mushtruk Mikhailo
Published: September 2020

A collection of soft winter wheat specimens investigated on the artificial infectious background of the leaf rust pathogen and selected resistance among them. The genetics of resistance sign in varieties and specimens were determined by hybridological analysis of F2: Lovrin 32, KM 1485-6-8, VR 89 Bo 22, Beres, Tobarzo, 0-74-8-2, MIKM 1851-80, 4347-4, NS 326-99, 5517 A-5-5 Yr, Florida 302, VR 87 Bo 15, Matyo, NS 1308, 200-830, Polka, NS 2630/1, NS 18-30, HBE 0140-119, HBE 208-120, HBE 0303 156, HBE 0425-156, Tx91v4511, Tx92v4511, Plyska, Zernogradskaya 31, Volshebnitsa, Myronivska 40, Myronivska ostysta, Myronivska 28, Estet, Volynska napivintensivna, Kyivska 8, Expromt, Mironivska 29, Remeslivna, Garant, Selyanka, Erythrospermum 15761, Erythrospermum 12557, Erythrospermum 12735, Vympel odeskyiy during 1990–2018. The gene non-identity of the investigated donors was determined. In a variety of VR 89 Bo 22, 2 resistance genes, one of them Lr19, was investigated. The results of investigations of the composition of the leaf rust pathogen population by a series of isogenic lines and varieties of carriers of known effective resistance genes are presented. The high resistance against the leaf rust pathogen in the forest-steppe of Ukraine provide the genes Lr9, Lr19, Lr37, Lr42 + Lr24, Lr43 (Lr21 + Lr39) + Lr24, Lr9 + Lr26, Lr10 + Lr24.
Development of an integrated food quality management system
Authors: Nikolaienko Mykola , Bal-Prylypko Larysa
Published: September 2020

The high-speed growth in the global population has resulted in a deficit of foods, which has stimulated the development of technologies for planting agricultural products and fattening domestic animals. However, these processes are supplemented in many cases by worsening of the quality of foods and their pollution by foreign substances. To guarantee the proper quality and safety of foodstuffs for health, the International Organization for Standardization developed the standards ISO 9001:2015 and ISO 22000:2018. At the same time, businesses fabricating foods, especially meat-based ones, have to observe the norms of the international standard ISO 14001:2015. Finally, because treatments of raw materials and ingredients used in food products contain in many cases substances harmful for health, enterprises must introduce the norms of standard ISO 45001:2018. To simplify management processes, enterprises introduce so-called ‘integrated management systems’. This study proposes one variant of such a system recommended for use in food-producing organizations including those that treat raw meat and produce products based on its use.
A União Central dos Poloneses do Brasil e a imposição cultural nacional (1930 – 1938)
Authors: Malikoski Adriano
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a União Central dos Poloneses do Brasil, na sua perspectiva de promoção da cultura étnica, como forma de manutenção da nacionalidade polonesa nos núcleos étnicos e o fechamento compulsório por meio da nacionalização, como forma de imposição cultural promovida pelas instâncias políticas ideológicas do Estado Novo no Brasil. A organização de instituições étnicas fora importante para a propagação e manutenção de uma cultura trazida com os imigrantes, porém, transformada e atualizada nos espaços culturais de inserção, com inferências decisivas tanto das instâncias governamentais polonesas, na promoção da cultura étnica entre os imigrantes que aqui estavam, quanto, dos processos nacionalizadores brasileiro na Era Vargas. Para a escrita deste artigo foram analisadas documentações consulares do MSZ polonês do ano de 1938, bem como artigos de periódicos étnicos que circulavam nos núcleos de imigração polonesa do Brasil. No entanto, a investigação histórica de instituições étnicas demanda alguns cuidados na apropriação de sentidos e organizações das informações possíveis das fontes de pesquisa. A história de instituições ou rede mais amplas de sociabilidade não se pautam pelas simples análises de documentos, sejam eles oficiais ou de quaisquer outras fontes. Pode-se questionar, sobretudo, se os conhecimentos históricos podem fornecer verdades. Para Reis (2000, p 325), há diversas contestações que relativizam as verdades históricas: o conhecimento está ligado à época de produção e à subjetividade do autor; verdades inverificáveis pela experiência e fontes produzidas e manipuladas conforme as expectativas direcionadas. Para Foucault (2000, p. 14), a própria ideologia é a verdade representada numa perspectiva de relação de poder, nos chamados regimes de verdades1 e em suas representações.
A educação polonesa na Colônia Erechim: a escola como instrumento de organização e resistência
Authors: Rosa Gritti Isabel , Gritti Silvana Maria
Published: September 2020

Este artigo traz uma análise acerca da educação desenvolvida junto aos grupos de imigrantes poloneses que se estabeleceram na Colônia Erechim, criada em 1908, na zona norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Evidencia-se que a nacionalização do ensino no período do Estado Novo (1937-1945) facilita uma acentuação do preconceito linguístico em desfavor das culturas de origem estrangeira, característica excludente que perpassa a formação do projeto educativo brasileiro e, consequentemente, seu fazer pedagógico. Observa-se que a escola pública que vai sendo construída nesta área de imigração é tingida por estigmas, resistências e tensões diversas. Com a retrospectiva histórica deste processo, conclui-se que o planejamento educativo oficial requer a legitimação da escola necessária ao projeto hegemônico de desenvolvimento da sociedade.
Cultura, identidade(s) e memória na imigração polonesa no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Wenczenovicz Thaís Janaina
Published: September 2020

O patrimônio cultural da humanidade é constituído de bens materiais e imateriais que reportam à cultura, à identidade e à memória da sociedade. Estes documentos constituem registros variados, produzidos por uma pessoa, grupos diversificados ou instituição no decorrer de suas atividades. Dessa forma, os registros formam acervos documentais, ou seja, patrimônios documentais que são relevantes para a história e a memória das coletividades e por isso são preservados. O estudo apresenta alguns lugares de guarda e preservação de memórias de Imigrantes Poloneses no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul em espaços múltiplos como Arquivos Pessoais, Arquivos Públicos, Associações, Cartórios, Igrejas e Museus. Enquanto procedimento utiliza-se o bibliográfico-investigativo, acrescido de pesquisa de campo.
Poloneses no Espírito Santo: duas trajetórias de um povo entre os vales da Serra e os sertões do Norte
Authors: Dadalto Maria Cristina , Siuda-Ambroziak Renata
Published: September 2020

Este artigo visa apresentar o background histórico de trajetórias distintas de assentamento de dois diferentes fluxos migratórios de poloneses no estado do Espírito Santo: o primeiro, instalado no século XIX na Colônia de Santa Leopoldina, e o segundo, antes da Segunda Guerra, por meio de um contrato com a Sociedade de Colonização de Varsóvia, na região Norte do estado. Focamos o nosso estudo comparativo nas diferentes circunstâncias, razões e consequências da fundação dos dois assentamentos para demonstrar a importância das atitudes da sociedade receptora e políticas públicas para o sucesso da integração dos imigrantes poloneses na terra capixaba.
Brazylia Tomasza Łychowskiego
Authors: Bąk Magdalena
Published: September 2020

Tekst poświęcony jest prezentacji wizerunku Brazylii wyłaniającego się z wierszy Tomasza Łychowskiego – poety i malarza, urodzonego w Angoli syna Polaka i Niemki, od 1949 roku mieszkającego w Brazylii. W jego wierszach kraj ten przedstawiany jest za pomocą kilku najbardziej wyrazistych rysów, które budują sugestywne obrazy miejsca pełnego słońca, bujnej przyrody, życzliwych ludzi. Wiersze te są jednocześnie wykładnią typowej dla Łychowskiego postawy akceptacji i afirmacji miejsca, czasu, kondycji emigranta, która w jego ujęciu polega na mnożeniu kultur i tradycji uznawanych za swojskie i bliskie.
Frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas del gen de κappa caseína en ganado criollo de la raza Reyna, Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Suárez Quintero Yorlin Ismael , Jiménez Martínez Lester Danilo , López Flores Julio Omar , Sánchez Gómez Isaías Ezequiel
Published: September 2020

El presente trabajo se realizó en el ganado criollo de la raza Reyna de la facultad ciencia animal. Esta raza ha sido importante en el desarrollo de la ganadería centroamericana, en principio constituyó el hato fundador de la misma. El ganado Reyna, es una raza adaptada a las condiciones tropicales de Nicaragua, seleccionada por Joaquín Reyna en el año de 1920. La proteína κ-caseína está relacionada con características de producción y calidad de la leche, tales como, rendimiento en queso, tiempo de coagulación, firmeza de micela y niveles altos de lactoferrina. La leche derivada de animales con genotipo CASκ AA tiene menor porcentaje de κ-caseína, por el contrario, la leche de animales CASκ BB presenta mayor proporción de κ-caseína y micelas más pequeñas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas del gen kappa-caseína (κ-CN) en ganado de la raza Reyna. Se recolectaron 22 muestras de sangre en hembras reproductoras de la finca Santa Rosa de la Facultad Ciencia Animal de la Universidad Nacional Agraria (UNA). El gen de la kappa caseína fue amplificado mediante la técnica PCR, con los cebadores BLKC-For 5`-ATTAGCCCATTTCGCCTTCT-3` y BLKC-Rev 5`-ATT TATGGCCATTCCACCAA-3`, obteniendo un fragmento de 351 pb. La identificación de los alelos fue realizada mediante la técnica PCR-FRLP, obteniendo frecuencias genotípicas de 0.090, 0.045 y 0.863 para los genotipos AA, BB y AB, respectivamente. La frecuencia alélica fue de 0.52 y 0.48 para los alelos A y B respectivamente, indicando mayor número de genotipos AB y AA.
Homenaje especial Cecilia Esmeralda Rivera Alcántara (21 de nov. 1961 - 11 mar. 2020)
Authors: Rivera Francisco
Published: September 2020

Abstracts are not available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 9, 2020: 2-4
Business intelligence
Authors: Quijada Carlos Alfonso
Published: September 2020

Companies that implement business intelligence processes on time to transform data into valuable information to make better decisions will have an advantage over their competitors. And those who ignore this trend run the risk of falling behind and even being out of the market in the medium term.
Realidad Empresarial No. 9, 2020: 45-48
n. 36 - PROGRAMAS DE DESCENTRALIZAÇÃO DE RECURSOS FINANCEIROS: UM ESTUDO EM ESCOLA SELECIONADA (2007 A 2018)
Authors: Braz Terezinha Pereira , Fernandes Maria Dilnéia Espíndola
Published: September 2020

O trabalho objetivou verificar o montante de recursos recebidos por uma escola selecionada da rede estadual de ensino de Mato Grosso do Sul por meio de programas de descentralização financeira, no período de 2007 a 2018, bem como os efeitos que programas com essa finalidade têm provocado no trabalho da escola. Nesse período, a escola operacionalizou seis programas de descentralização financeira, sendo um da esfera estadual e cinco da esfera federal. Trabalhou-se com a legislação educacional e dados financeiros dos programas operacionalizados na escola, mediante registros da Secretaria de Estado de Educação. Observou-se que os programas, que objetivaram descentralizar recursos financeiros para a escola, se sustentaram na premissa da gestão democrática da educação. Não se pôde inferir se o volume de recursos operacionalizados na escola seria suficiente para garantir as necessidades da função social da educação. O efeito verificado foi que a operacionalização dos programas alterou a dinâmica e os processos de trabalho da escola.
Morphological descriptors for the characterization of teak clones (Tectona grandis L.f.) in plantations
Authors: Reategui-Betancourt Jorge-L. , Arriel Daniele Aparecida-A. , Caldeira Sidney-Fernando , Higa Antonio-Rioyei , Flôres-Junior Paulo-C. , Palma-Araujo Stefania , Marques Rudmilla Menezes , Corrêa Bruna-Maria-B. , Martinez Diego Tyszka
Published: September 2020

Aim of study: The objective of this work was to identify possible morphological descriptors for teak clones, in order to support the cultivars protection process of this species.Area of study: This experiment was carried out in ‘São José dos Quatro Marcos’, Mato Grosso, midwest Brazil.Material and methods: A teak clonal test, assessing 18 clones, was evaluated at the ages of 29 and 41 months by means of 41 morphological characteristics, related mainly to the branches, leaves and trunk. The clonal test was established in a randomized block design composed by three blocks, each block containing 18 plots, one for each clone. Each plot had 36 plants, but only the innermost five individuals were selected and evaluated. The information was organized in a presence and absence matrix. Subsequently, genetic similarity measures were estimated, by means of the Jaccard index, and a clustering was performed by the Unweighted Pair Group Method using the Arithmetic averages (UPGMA) method.Main results: A total of 26 and 28 morphological characteristic that exhibited DHS (distinction, homogeneity and stability) were identified at the ages of 29 and 41 months, respectively. Of these, 17 characteristics showed the same behavior at 29 and 41 months of age. However, it is important to emphasize that the evaluation must be performed under the same planting conditions in which these descriptors were developed.Research highlights: These 17 morphological characteristics can compose the list of potential morphological descriptors to be used in the process of teak clones/cultivars protection.Keywords: cultivars protection; morphological characteristics; distinction, homogeneity; stability.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 13, No. 10
Authors: Duran Kevin
Published: September 2020

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 13, No. 10, 2020
Adaptation of Turkish Loanwords Originating from Arabic
Authors: Alshammari Wafi Fhaid , Alshammari Ahmad Radi
Published: September 2020

This study investigates the phonological and morphological adaptation of Turkish loanwords of Arabic origin to reveal aspects of native speakers’ knowledge that are not necessarily obvious. It accounts for numerous modification processes that these loanwords undergo when borrowed into Turkish. To achieve this, a corpus of 250 Turkish loanwords was collected and analyzed whereby these loanwords were compared to their Arabic counterparts to reveal phonological processes that Turkish followed to adapt them. Also, it tackles the treatment of morphological markings and compound forms in Turkish loanwords. The results show that adaptation processes are mostly phonological, albeit informed by phonetics and other linguistic factors. It is shown that the adaptation processes are geared towards unmarkedness in that faithfulness to the source input—Arabic—is violated, taking the burden to satisfy Turkish phonological constraints. Turkish loanwords of Arabic origin undergo a number of phonological processes, e.g., substitution, deletion, degemination, vowel harmony, and epenthesis for the purpose of repairing the ill-formedness. The Arabic feminine singular and plural morphemes are treated as part of the root, with fossilized functions of such markers. Also, compound forms are fused and word class is changed to fit the syntactic structure of Turkish. Such loanwords help pave the way to invoke latent native Turkish linguistic constraints.
On Some Topical Issues of the Chinese Nuclear Energy Terminology
Authors: Ivanova Aryuna , Berdyklycheva Antonina , Saltanova Nadezhda
Published: September 2020

The article touches upon the issues of the nuclear energy terminology. It considers definitions of a term and the development of terminology, as a field of science. Taking Chinese nuclear energy terms as an example, the article traces the origin and contemporary challenges of the Chinese terminology as a branch of the Chinese linguistics. ISO/IEC standards in the field of nuclear energy are defined as the basis for processing first English nuclear energy terms and further for Chinese terms development. Analysis of the examples of terms and their translations confirm the importance of taking into account the criteria of standardization. The necessity of ISO/IEC standards is seen as a key factor in conducting linguistic translation analysis of terms and for creating Chinese corpus of terms and definitions for nuclear energy. Therefore, the terms’ translation is not only the work of the translation community, but also work which all relevant state departments should accomplish together and in cooperation.
Impacts of Protease Treatment on the Contents of Tocopherols and B Vitamins in Peanuts
Authors: Bonku Rabiatu , Mikiashvili Nona , Yu Jianmei
Published: September 2020

This study investigated the changes of tocopherols and B vitamins in raw peanuts as a result of protease treatment which was used to reduce peanut allergens. Raw peanut kernels were treated with Alcalase, bromelain, Neutrase and papain separately at different concentrations, vacuum dried, and then ground into paste. The paste was defatted using hexane containing 0.02% BHT to obtained crude oil and defatted peanut flour which were used for tocopherol and B-vitamin analysis, respectively. The protease treatment significantly reduced the contents of all tocopherols and B-vitamins in the peanuts in enzyme concentration-dependent manner (P<0.0001). The highest losses of α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols were 60.87 %, 40.60 % and 36.89 %, respectively, while the maximum losses of vitamins B1, B2, B3 and B6 were 63.29 %, 44.83 %, 40.56 % and 49.59 %, respectively. Among tocopherols, α-tocopherol was the most affected while δ-tocopherol was the least affected. Among B-vitamins, B1 was the most affected and B3 the least affected. This study demonstrated that although the protease treatment approach (including enzyme treatment and drying) for peanut allergen reduction resulted in different degrees of losses in tocopherols and B vitamins in raw peanuts, the enzyme treated peanuts is still a good source of tocopherols and vitamin B3 comparing to most cooked legumes and vegetable.
Over het recht op de smart city
Authors: Galič Maša
Published: September 2020

On the right to the smart city

While smart city initiatives claim to be ‘citizen-focused’ or ‘citizen-centric’, there are several troubling aspects of how citizenship and social relations are produced within them. First, they prioritize technological solutions to social and urban problems from the perspective of businesses and states, rather than serving local communities. With a focus on digital technology, they also exclude a wide range of marginalized publics from the possibility to participate in the smart city and only rarely address issues of social differences in cities. The smart city thus creates new or exacerbates existing challenges to the possibility of all city dwellers to fully enjoy urban life with all of its services and advantages, as well as taking direct part in the management of cities – in other words, it creates challenges for ‘the right to the city’. In this article, the author thus explores the notion of the right to the city in order to inform and recast the smart city in emancipatory and empowering ways, one that would work for the benefit of all citizens and not just selected populations.
Een eerste blik op online delinquentie
Authors: Coenen Ena
Published: September 2020

A first look at online delinquency: Explorative research in a Flemish youth sample and comparison with offline delinqeuncy

Given that the social life of youngsters develops more and more online, attention for cybercrime has grown as well. However, no Flemish data is available yet. This study uses data from two representative samples of the Flemish youth to research the prevalence and risk profiles of on- and offline crime. Compared to offline crime, online crime is relatively limited. In addition, results showed that online offenders had the least severe risk profile, while offenders of both on- and offline delinquency had the most severe profile. For victimization, it appeared that it is important to consider individual types of offences, since complex differences were found between various crime types. These results indicate a limited, but not ignorable, occurrence of online crime, and a difference in risk profiles for offline and online crime.
Wie zijn jeugdige veelplegers?
Authors: Weerman Frank , Bruinsma Gerben , Bernasco Wim , Pauwels Lieven
Published: September 2020

Which juveniles are frequent offenders? An investigation of prevalence and characteristics based on police registrations and self-reports.

The aim of this study was to provide more insight in prevalence and aetiology of juvenile frequent offending, employing police registered data as well as self-report information. We combined data about 519 youths that participated in a self-report study in the region of The Hague with police register data (the HKS system) from the police unit of The Hague. The results indicate that a substantial part of youths that report a large amount of offenses themselves are not formally known as ‘juvenile frequent offender’. Causal factors derived from four major criminological theories can be found in a more pronounced way among juvenile frequent offenders than among youths that incidentally commit offenses. In general, there are similarities between the characteristics of juvenile frequent offenders defined by police register data and those defined by self-reports, but, on average, frequent offenders that are known by the police spend more time unstructured socializing with friends. We conclude that research using the method of self-report is well capable to find juvenile frequent offenders, and that this method also leads to useful information about the causes of their delinquent behaviour.
Delinquentie, vrienden en ‘boosheid met liefde’
Authors: Denkers Adriaan , de Jong Jan Dirk
Published: September 2020

Delinquency, friends and ‘sternness with love’

Young people’s delinquent behavior remains a social problem of concern to parents, local residents, teachers, police officers and administrators. With respect to effective interventions, the dominant focus is on ‘what works’. Relatively little is known about ‘who works’. In this study, based on a survey of 679 vmbo-pupils, it was investigated to what extent receiving ‘sternness with love’ from a professional may contribute to mitigating delinquency. For this research, unique graphically supported measuring instruments were developed that enable participants of the target group – including those who suffer from mild intellectual disabilities – to independently fill out the questionnaire. The results based on regression analyses suggest that there is no support for the supposed contribution of the interaction between sternness and love or of the three-way interaction between delinquent friends, sternness and love in explaining the variance of delinquent behavior. The results further show that having delinquent friends is related to participants’ delinquency. The results of these analyses also suggest that the relevant professional’s approach with ‘sternness’ or with ‘love’ moderates the relationship between delinquent friends and committing theft.
O Direito e a Relação com Pessoa com Demência
Authors: Lopes Washington Luiz Ferreira Dias
Published: September 2020

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Refinamento do mapa de solos da alta bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Santa Marta, estado de Goiás, Brasil
Authors: Moura Derick Martins Borges de , Oliveira Ivanilton José de , Nascimento Diego Tarley Ferreira , Sousa Flávio Alves de
Published: September 2020

A Alta Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Santa Marta, manancial que pode ser futura fonte de abastecimento hídrico da cidade de Iporá (GO), foi a área escolhida para a realização deste trabalho, cujo objetivo central é apresentar um ensaio metodológico de refinamento do mapa de solos existente, da escala original de 1:250.000 para a escala de 1:100.000. Foram empregadas técnicas de Mapeamento Digital de Solos (MDS), sob o aporte de geotecnologias para cruzamento de covariáveis ambientais (geologia e relevo), correlação com mapas existentes (geológico e pedológico), amostragem em campo, análises laboratoriais e descrição geral dos perfis de solo no campo. O mapeamento original apresentava as seguintes áreas de ocorrências por classes de solos: Latossolos (45,2%), Neossolos litólicos (24,5%), Argissolos (17,4%) e Cambissolos (12,9%). Com o refinamento para a escala 1:100.000, além de terem sido identificados Nitossolos (1,3%) e Solos Hidromórficos (5,3%), as proporções das outras classes foram consideravelmente alteradas: Cambissolos (26%), Argissolos (23,2%), Neossolos litólicos (22,2%) e Latossolos (22%). Esses resultados subsidiarão o planejamento e a gestão ambiental desse recurso, para a implementação de ações e políticas públicas de forma efetiva e eficiente, além de servir de base para trabalhos sobre a conservação dos recursos hídricos em quantidade e qualidade adequadas para os diferentes usos.
Intrinsic Oncolytic Activity of Hoshino Mumps Virus Vaccine Strain Against Human Fibrosarcoma and Cervical Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Alirezaie Behnam , Mohammadi Ashraf , Ghalyanchi Langeroudi Arash , Fallahi Roozbeh , Khosravi Ali Reza
Published: September 2020

Background: The use of oncolytic viruses as therapeutic agents is a promising treatment for various human cancers. Several viruses have been extensively examined to achieve tumor cell death. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the natural oncolytic activity of mumps Hoshino vaccine strain against two human cancer cell lines, that is, HT1080 fibrosarcoma and HeLa cervical adenocarcinoma cell lines. Methods: The cytolytic activity of the virus was evaluated using an MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin-V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and analyzed via flow cytometry. To indicate viral replication in vivo, nude mice with HeLa heterografts were treated with the Hoshino strain of mumps virus. Results: It was found that human fibrosarcoma and cervical cells were more sensitive to the mumps Hoshino strain, even at a very low multiplicity of infection (MOI) compared to normal human diploid cells. The results also showed that the Hoshino strain induced apoptosis in both cancer cells. A preliminary in vivo study revealed the significant suppression of tumor growth in the group treated with the mumps Hoshino strain compared to the control group. Conclusions: The Hoshino vaccine strain of mumps virus showed promising oncolytic activities against human fibrosarcoma and cervical adenocarcinoma cells.
Revalidation and taxonomic revision of Teloneria Aczél (Diptera, Neriidae), with description of two new species
Authors: Sepúlveda Tatiana A. , Souza Diego de S. , Echeverry Angela , Marinoni Luciane , Carvalho Claudio J.B. de
Published: September 2020

The genus Teloneria Aczél, 1954 is resurrected from synonymy with Chaetonerius Hendel, 1913 to include four species: Teloneria apicata (Edwards, 1919) comb. nov., Teloneria bimaculata (Edwards, 1919) comb. nov., Teloneria juceliae Sepúlveda & Souza sp. nov. and Teloneria ladyae Sepúlveda & Souza sp. nov. Lectotypes for Telostylus apicatus Edwards, 1919 and its junior synonym, Telostylinus apicalis Enderlein, 1922, and for Telostylinus ornatipennis Enderlein, 1922, junior synonym of Teloneria bimaculata comb. nov., are designated. An identification key to Chaetonerius, Telostylus Bigot, 1859 and Teloneria, with emphasis on the identification of the species of Teloneria, illustrations and distribution data are provided.
Nemaspela borkoae sp. nov. (Opiliones: Nemastomatidae), the second species of the genus from the Dinaric Karst
Authors: Kozel Peter , Delić Teo , Novak Tone
Published: September 2020

Nemaspela Šilhavý, 1966 (Opiliones: Nemastomatidae) is a genus of exclusively troglobiotic harvestmen species inhabiting caves in the Crimea, Caucasus and Balkan Peninsula. In this paper, Nemaspela borkoae sp. nov., recently found in four caves in Montenegro, is described. The new species is characterized by its small body, 1.5–2.1 mm long, and very long, thin appendages, with legs II about 15 times as long as the body. Although very similar, Nemaspela ladae Karaman, 2013 and N. borkoae sp. nov. can be easily distinguished by the terminally rounded vs conical glans, straight vs conspicuously ventrally bent pedipalp tarsus on its proximal portion and pedipalp tarsus measuring about ½ vs ⅔ tibia length. Nemaspela ladae and N. borkoae sp. nov. constitute the western Nemaspela group, both missing the male cheliceral apophysis present in all species of the eastern Nemaspela group from the Crimea and Caucasus, except in N. femorecurvata Martens, 2006. However, according to the glans morphology, N. borkoae sp. nov. seems much more closely related to several species from the Caucasus than to N. ladae from the Balkan Peninsula. We speculate that N. ladae and N. borkoae sp. nov. might originate from two epigean ancestral lineages.
The effects of misspecifying the random part of multilevel models
Authors: LaHuis David M. , Jenkins Daniel R. , Hartman Michael J. , Hakoyama Shotaro , Clark Patrick C.
Published: September 2020

This paper examined the amount bias in standard errors for fixed effects when the random part of a multilevel model is misspecified. Study 1 examined the effects of misspecification for a model with one Level 1 predictor. Results indicated that misspecifying random slope variance as fixed had a moderate effect size on the standard errors of the fixed effects and had a greater effect than misspecifying fixed slopes as random. In Study 2, a second Level 1 predictor was added and allowed for the examination of the effects of misspecifying the slope variance of one predictor on the standard errors for the fixed effects of the other predictor. Results indicated that only the standard errors of coefficient relevant to that predictor were impacted and that the effect size for the bias could be considered moderate to large. These results suggest that researchers can use a piecemeal approach to testing multilevel models with random effects.
Adjusting group intercept and slope bias in predictive equations
Authors: Austin Bruce W. , French Brian F.
Published: September 2020

Methods to assess measurement invariance in constructs have received much attention, as invariance is critical for accurate group comparisons. Less attention has been given to the identification and correction of the sources of non-invariance in predictive equations. This work developed correction factors for structural intercept and slope bias in common regression equations to address calls in the literature to revive test bias research. We demonstrated the correction factors in regression analyses within the context of a large international dataset containing 68 countries and regions (groups). A mathematics achievement score was predicted by a math self-efficacy score, which exhibited a lack of invariance across groups. The proposed correction factors significantly corrected structural intercept and slope bias across groups. The impact of the correction factors was greatest for groups with the largest amount of bias. Implications for both practice and methodological extensions are discussed.
The Role of Mother Empowerment and Macro-Economic Factors for Child Health: An Evidence from Developing Economies
Authors: Soharwardi Mariam Abbas
Published: September 2020

Objective: To analyzed the role of maternal empowerment and macro-economic variables in the improvement of child health in developing economies.

Methodology: Maternal empowerment has measured through five dimensions: work status, awareness, decision making, self-esteem, and self-confidence. Moreover, countries' net foods imports, countries as secular or non-secular and region are selected as macro-economic factors. On the other hand, child health has analysed through the anthropometric measure, i.e. stunting. The most recent data sets of Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of 38 countries have been used. Data has been analyzed through the use of binary logistic regression and explore the impact of maternal empowerment and macro-economic factors on child health.

Results: The results explain the positive impact of mother empowerment in the improvement of child health. Furthermore, net food imports are positively effecting the child's health. Sub-Saharan Africa and Secular states proved to have negative impacts on child health. Most probably the more empowered mothers are more contributors and implement positive effects on their children’s health.

Conclusion: The countries which can fill their food deficiencies through food imports have the probability of improved health for the next generation.
RÉSISTANCES CONTRE LE DISCOURS DOMINANT SUR LES DROGUES : USAGES THÉRAPEUTIQUES ET RELIGIEUX DE L’AYAHUASCA DANS LE MONDE GLOBALISÉ
Authors: Brisson Hughes
Published: September 2020

La légalité (et donc la légitimité) des pratiques reliées à l’ayahuasca est établie dans les États de là où elles viennent. C’est surtout lorsque ces groupes (et leurs pratiques) s’impliquent dans la mondialisation, en dépassant leurs frontières d’origine, qu’ils doivent affronter l’inquisition du discours dominant sur les drogues. Le terrain juridique est sans contredit le plus foisonnant et le plus investi par les porteurs du rituel de l’ayahuasca puisque son analyse en révèle beaucoup sur la façon dont l’État comprend cette infusion psychoactive, sur le discours qu’il formule à son sujet et ultimement sur son rôle dans la construction sociale de l’ayahuasca. De plus, nous pourrons constater que les porteurs de l’ayahuasca investissent d’autres terrains de résistance afin de faire entendre leurs voix et de défendre la légitimité de l’ayahuasca : utilisation de médias, implication dans la recherche, lobbying. Nous souhaitons offrir un tour d’horizon général (droit international, États-Unis, Europe, et attention particulière sur le Canada) sur l’état des relations entre ces voix marginales et l’État, en tentant de voir si cette relation renforce la légitimation de la vision hégémonique sur les drogues ou si au contraire elle permet aux marginalisés de se faire entendre.

Cet article se déclinera en deux parties. Dans la première, nous reverrons d’abord rapidement les principaux concepts théoriques qui guident ce travail (l’hybridité et la résistance), pour ensuite brièvement nous pencher sur la construction sociale des drogues et mieux définir l’ayahuasca et son rituel. Divisée en deux sections, la seconde partie est consacrée à une étude de cas sur la façon dont les porteurs du rituel de l’ayahuasca sont confrontés à l’État et au discours dominant sur les drogues dans le monde globalisé. Nous y verrons d’abord la façon dont les groupes faisant un usage religieux de l’infusion psychoactive font valoir leur légitimité devant l’État. Ensuite, nous nous pencherons sur différents cas récents impliquant l’usage thérapeutique/médicinal de l’ayahuasca lors desquels l’État est intervenu, afin de jeter un regard comparatif sur la légitimité octroyée par ce dernier selon l’usage qui en est fait.
Study on Creep Behavior Of Asphalt Mixture Based on Discrete Element Method
Authors: Ye Youlin , Sun Yazhen , Gao Lin , Ma Zhuang , Xue Xingwei
Published: September 2020

A three-dimensional (3D) microstructure-based discrete element (DE) model was developed to study the creep behaviour of high viscoelastic asphalt sand (HVAS) with the uniaxial compression creep tests. The three-point bending creep tests of asphalt mortar were carried out in order to obtain the parameters of the Burger model, to determine the transformation method of macroscopic parameters and microscopic parameters of the model in theory, to obtain the parameters used in the discrete element model, and then establish the discrete element analysis model for the asphalt mixture. A 3D-DE digital specimen was composed of coarse aggregates, asphalt mortar and air voids, which could also take gradation, irregular shape, random distribution of aggregate and air voids into consideration, and the boundary conditions of the model were set through the simulation of the uniaxial compression creep tests. An accurate and extensive mapping model of HVAS was built by 3D-PFC (Particle Flow Code), which can provide a simple alternative to the laboratory tests. This method can simulate a series of numerical examples based on different stress levels, coarse aggregate homogenizations, mortar homogenizations and temperatures in a single factor method. Comparison of results of laboratory and numerical tests shows that the 3D-PFC-viscoelastic model can reflect the creep mechanical behaviour of asphalt mixture accurately. It provides the theoretical basis and auxiliary means for analysing the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures using PFC software. The research on creep behaviour of the asphalt mixture by numerical simulation opens up a new way for the research on creep behaviour of the asphalt mixture, it is of considerable theoretical value and has broad application prospects.
Seguimiento inmunológico después de trasplante renal: una propuesta para la práctica clínica en Colombia
Authors: Ortiz Melissa Andrea , Álvarez Cristiam Mauricio , Arrunátegui Ana María , Arias Yazmin Rocío , Villegas Adriana
Published: September 2020

El daño del injerto es un proceso multifactorial que se inicia tempranamente después de la mayoría de los trasplantes de donantes sin HLA idéntico. Puede deberse a las comorbilidades del receptor, al estado del donante, al tiempo de isquemia, y al fenómeno de isquemia y reperfusión, entre otros, condiciones que inducen factores metabólicos e inmunológicos que finalmente desembocan en la disfunción del injerto. Sin embargo, entre el momento del trasplante y la aparición de los signos y síntomas existe un periodo que puede tardar semanas o años. Por ello, después del trasplante renal, es importante hacer un seguimiento racional que incluya la evaluación clínica y permita anticiparse al daño inmunológico del injerto. En este ensayo se propone un algoritmo de seguimiento del injerto renal después del trasplante.