bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual-Channel Variational Graph Autoencoder with Hierarchical Contrastive Learning for Recommendation
Authors: Liu Chenghao , Yang Bohang , Tao Qian
Published: October 2024

In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely utilized in Recommendation. Although current GNNs-based recommendation algorithms have improved performance, they are still plagued by the data sparsity problem. Contrastive learning, which extracts self-supervised signals from a large amount of unlabeled data through auxiliary tasks, is one of the effective means to alleviate this problem. However, existing contrastive learning based on graph structure augmentation may discard important nodes or edges, resulting in the bias of semantic information; while contrastive learning based on embedding augmentation adds random noise to nodes, ignoring the differences between them. To address this problem, we propose a Dual Channel Variational Graph Autoencoder with Hierarchical Contrastive Learning for Recommendation. First, we use variational graph autoencoder to learn the node representation. Second, the collaborative neighbor graph is constructed through the similarity between users (items), which further models the higher-order signals while preserving the information to achieve global-level contrastive learning. Finally, in each variational graph autoencoder, we sample the embeddings from the Gaussian distribution of the intermediate and the final layer according to its estimator variance, respectively, to realize local-level contrastive learning. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets show that the model achieves state-of-the-art performance, validating its effectiveness.
FinSafeNet: Securing Digital Transactions using optimized Deep learning and Multi-kernal PCA(MKPCA) with Nyström Approximation
Authors: Khan Amad Raza , Ahmed Shaik Sakel , mishra shailendra , Khan Mohd ABdul rahim , Sharma Sunil
Published: October 2024

With the fast-paced development in technology and the broad effect brought about by the Internet on business and communication, cybersecurity has become one of the hottest topics in the world today. In this research work, a novel FinSafeNet based deep learning model is introduced for secured cash transaction in digital banking environment. This FinSafeNet is developed by blending the Bi-LSTM model with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and dual-attention mechanism. On the other hand, the transaction time has been the major criterion, which has been satisfied by selecting the optimal features with Improved Snow-lion optimization model (I-SLOA). This I-SLOA mimics the Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) in attacking phase and Adaptive Differential Evolution (ADE) in the reproduction process. Thus, making the approach a highly convergent once. In addition to this, the dimensions of the selected features have been reduced using the new Multi-kernel PCA(MKPCA) with Nyström Approximation approach. The improved correlation as well as Joint Mutual Information Maximisation based features have been newly considered along with the existing data features, to find the correlation between the variables. Together, the entire model filled with advanced approaches has successively surpassed the traditional approaches, when validated with standard database. The accuracy recorded by the proposed model is 97.8% for paysim database.
Validity and Clinical Effectiveness of the Breastfeeding History Questionnaire to Determine the Risk of In-Hospital Formula Supplementation in Multiparous Women
Authors: Cagan Emine Serap , Ekşioğlu Aysun , Akyar Ayşe , Turfan Esin Ceber , Bender Whitney R
Published: October 2024

Background: Early detection of women at risk of not breastfeeding their babies is important in terms of supporting maternal and infant health. In particular, the breastfeeding experience of multiparous mothers may be considered as a sufficient factor in breastfeeding success, leading to neglect of breastfeeding support. The study was aimed at testing the psychometric properties of the Breastfeeding History Questionnaire (BAP) and to evaluate clinic effectiveness in detecting the risk of in-hospital formula supplementation among multiparous women.
Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study conducted in a mother-friendly tertiary health care facility in western Turkey, involving 358 women. First of all, expert opinion was obtained for content validity, then the risk of using formula was investigated cross-sectionally. Chi-square test and Student's t-test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis.
Results: The sensitivity and the specificity of the BAP used for the prediction of formula supplement use in the hospital by those whose BAP score was ≤ 1 were 74.6% and 88.2%, respectively. In those with a BAP score of ≤1, while the positive predictive value was 78.22%, the negative predictive value was 85.89%. Of the multiparous women, those with a BAP score of ≤1were 12.8 times more likely to supplement formula during the postpartum hospital stay than were those with a BAP score of ≥2 (RR = 12.88, 95% CI [5.76-27.78]; p < .001).
Conclusions: The BAP is a valid tool and it offers practical evaluation suitable for clinical use.
Outcome Evaluation of Mother mentor’s intervention on Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women Up-taking Option B+ in Morogoro Municipal Council, Tanzania
Authors: Chomba Augostino J.K. , Mushi Lawrencia D.
Published: October 2024

Background
Globally more than 90% of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infections in children under 15 are due to vertical transmission. The Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission program, using Option B+, is critical in preventing this, with antiretroviral therapy adherence being pivotal for success. Conversely, adherence among pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV is low. Mother mentors aim to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence in this group within the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission program. This study evaluated the outcome of Mother Mentor intervention on antiretroviral therapy adherence among clients up-taking Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission in Morogoro Municipal Council, using a mother mentors intervention.
Methods
A quantitative cross-sectional study focusing on summative evaluation determined the outcome of mother mentors intervention on antiretroviral therapy adherence among clients in Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission program. Data from 213 pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV, ≥ 16 years, visiting their clinic at control and intervention facilities were collected with a 100% response rate. Intervention facilities received the MMs program. Participants were selected through multistage sampling. Antiretroviral therapy adherence categorized as good or poor, was measured by self-report and viral load methods. Data were analyzed using Stata version 15 for bivariate and multivariate analysis to generate descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results
73.8% and 74.2% of participants had good antiretroviral therapy adherence by self-report and viral load measurement, respectively. Intervention facilities were strongly associated with good adherence compared to control facilities (AOR 2.66, 95% CI: 1.18-6.00, p = 0.018). Surprisingly, longer distance to the healthcare facility was associated with good adherence measured by viral load (AOR 3.35, 95% CI: 1.32–8.48, p = 0.011).
Conclusions
Optimal adherence of ≥ 95% wasn’t achieved. The significant mother mentors intervention impact on antiretroviral therapy adherence highlights the importance of psychosocial and educational sessions in improving health outcomes by mother mentors for this cohort.
Investigation of Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy and Optical Properties of F8BT Polymer Incorporated with ZnONR/AgNP Nanocomposite
Authors: Musa Ishaq
Published: October 2024

The optical properties and work function of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) and its nanocomposites with ZnO nanorods (ZnONRs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were extensively studied using techniques such as Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) and optical spectroscopy. Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) measurements revealed significant differences in contact potential and a work function of around 4.484 eV for pure F8BT. Furthermore, optical absorption measurements showed increased absorbance and noticeable changes in bandgap when AgNPs and ZnONRs were added, indicating improved light-absorbing properties of the nanocomposites. The band gap of F8BT is typically around 2.50 eV, but the introduction of ZnO nanorods increases it to 2.63 eV. This could be due to the interaction between F8BT and ZnONRs. Additionally, the incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) further raises the band gap to 2.66 eV. Analysis of the Photoluminescence (PL) spectra reveals a significant increase in emission intensity for the F8BT/AgNP/ZnONR combination, attributed to exciton recombination and the impact of localized surface Plasmon resonance in the nanocomposites.
First-Time Identification and Characteristic of Key Bacterial Strains in Kombucha Tea, Including the Newly Discovered Bacillus glycinifermentans
Authors: Iqbal Maryam , Ali Fatima , Hsu Chou Yi , Shaukat Ayesha , Shamim Aqsa
Published: October 2024

Kombucha, a fermented tea drink, gained popularity for its probiotic benefits. Understanding its microbial composition, particularly the Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY), is crucial for grasping the fermentation process and potential health advantages. We are reporting very first-time identification of Bacillus glycinifermentans new strain in Kombucha tea. The current research study aims to characterize three main bacterial strains part of Kombucha: Bacillus plantarum, Bacillus glycinifermentans, and Gluconacetobacter xylinus. Bacterial strains were isolated by mixing Kombucha tea with black tea. Study identified multiple bacterial strains in Kombucha, with diverse colony characteristics. Biochemical tests were performed and three isolates confirmed as fermentative bacteria, capable of producing acetic acid. ~80% conserved homology was identified among three strains Bacillus plantarum, Bacillus glycinifermentans, and Gluconacetobacter xylinus. Identifying Bacillus plantarum, Bacillus glycinifermentans, and Gluconacetobacter xylinus participates significantly in Kombucha SCOBY's microbial community. Further exploration of these microorganisms' interactions and their fermentation property could improve Kombucha's production and application as a functional food.
Expression of miRNA223-3p induced by deoxycholic acid during human colorectal cancer
Authors: Peng Yashi , Nan Qiong
Published: October 2024

Objective
To study the correlation between deoxycholic acid, colorectal cancer and miRNA223-3p.
Methods Conduct cell experiment,
gene chip and statistical analysis to compare the expression levels of miRNA223-3p between deoxycholic acid treated CCD841 cells, normal CCD841 cells and HT29 cells, human colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues.
Results
When the concentration of deoxycholic acid was 20µmol/L and treated for 24h, the proliferation of normal intestinal epithelial cells was the most active.When the concentration was higher or the treatment time was longer, the normal intestinal epithelial cells were more likely to become cancerous. miRNA223-3p expressions were significantly down-regulated in normal CCD841 cells, HT29 cells and deoxycholic acid treated human colorectal cancer tissues.
Conclusion
Deoxycholic acid can inhibit the expression of miRNA223-3p in colorectal cancer cells and stimulate the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. These results suggest that miRNA223-3p may play an important role in the diagnosis of early colorectal cancer.
Federated Learning Framework for Intrusion Detection System in Internet of Vehicles with Memory-Augmented Deep Autoencoder
Authors: Bindu G. Hima , Dasari Deepthi Reddy
Published: October 2024

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are crucial for maintaining the security and integrity of Internet of Vehicles (IoV) configurations. However, traditional IDS systems face issues such as scalability, flexibility in changing IoV settings, and privacy concerns due to centralized data collection. The increasing number of networked cars in the IoV poses significant security concerns, including identifying and mitigating cyberattacks. We need a more effective, privacy-preserving IDS solution, and Federated Learning (FL) emerges as a promising option. The paper suggests using a Federated Learning Framework memory-augmented deep autoencoder for intrusion detection systems (FLF-MADAE) on the IoV to make it safer and fix common IDS issues at the same time. However, autoencoders can generalize and reconstruct anomalies, potentially causing them to go undetected. To address this issue, we propose a memory module named MADAE, which retrieves encoded versions from the encoder and employs a query to select the optimal memory objects for reconstruction. The training phase involves updating memory contents and encouraging them to reflect the usual data items. We tested the effectiveness of the proposed strategy on the car hacking and CSE-CIC-IDS-2018 intrusion detection datasets. Experimental results show that on the CSE-CIC-IDS-2018 dataset, FLF-MADAE has the highest accuracy level of 99.12% and an F1 score of 99.21%; for the car hacking dataset, MADAE has the highest accuracy level of 99.24% and an F1 score of 98.77%.
Bonding performance of universal adhesive systems with dual-polymerising resin cements to various dental substrates: In vitro study
Authors: Takano Shunsuke , Takahashi Rena , Tabata Tomoko , Zeng Chen , Ikeda Masaomi , Shimada Yasushi
Published: October 2024

Background
Resin cements often require substrate-specific pretreatment. Recently, universal adhesive systems have been introduced, simplifying procedures by eliminating the need for multiple adhesives and offering options that do not require light curing. This study investigated the bonding performance of universal adhesive systems combined with dual-polymerising resin cements on enamel, dentin, zirconia, lithium disilicate ceramics (LDS), and resin blocks.
Methods
Two universal adhesive and dual-polymerising resin cement combinations from the same manufacturer were tested: Bondmer Lightless II (BLII) with Estecem II (ECII), and Scotchbond Universal Plus adhesive (SBU) with RelyX Universal resin cement (RXU). Enamel, dentin, zirconia (Katana Zirconia UTML), LDS (IPS e.max CAD CEREC), and resin blocks (Katana Avencia P Block) were used as substrates. The universal adhesive was applied to all bonding surfaces, followed by resin cement application in micro-bore Tygon tubes and light curing for 40 s. Micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) was measured after 0 thermal cycles (0TC) or 10,000 thermal cycles (10kTC) (n = 20). Statistical analyses were conducted using t-tests and Welch's t-tests with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05), and failure modes were examined.
Results
In the BLII/ECII group, the mean µSBS values exceeded 15 MPa for all substrates at 0TC. After thermocycling, µSBS increased significantly for the enamel (p < 0.05), remained unchanged for dentin and zirconia (p > 0.05) and decreased for LDS and resin blocks (p < 0.05). In the SBU/RXU group, 0TC µSBS values exceeded 15 MPa for enamel, zirconia, and resin blocks, but thermocycling significantly decreased µSBS for all substrates (p < 0.05). Comparison between BLII/ECII and SBU/RXU group showed no significant differences for enamel and resin blocks at 0TC (p > 0.05), but the BLII/ECII group exhibited higher SBS than the other groups (p < 0.05). Adhesive failure was the most frequently observed failure type across all groups.
Conclusion
The adhesive performance on diverse dental substrates including enamel, dentin, zirconia, LDS, and resin composites was notably affected by the selection of universal adhesive systems in combination with dual-polymerising resin cements that were applied. The BLII/ECII combination demonstrated long-term stable bonding performance for enamel, dentin, and zirconia.
Mutant Fam20c knock-in mice recapitulate both lethal and non-lethal human Raine Syndrome
Authors: Chen Mengnan , Sun Dongmei , Yee Sui-Pok , Yuan Zhaoyang , Lin Li , Cui Bing , Wang Yi , Liu Chao , Liu Peihong
Published: October 2024

Inactivation or mutations of FAM20C causes human Raine Syndrome, which manifests as lethal osteosclerosis bone dysplasia or non-lethal hypophosphatemia rickets. However, it is only hypophosphatemia rickets that was reported in the mice with Fam20c deletion or mutations. To further investigate the local and global impacts of Fam20c mutation, we constructed a knock-in allele carrying Fam20c mutation (D446N) found in the non-lethal Raine Syndrome. The Fam20cD446N allele replaced the WT Fam20c by 3.6Kb Col1a1-Cre to get the conditional knock-in mice, and by Hprt-cre to get conventional knock-in mice, respectively. The radiology, serum biochemistry and immunohistochemistry indicated that all conditional and most conventional Fam20cD446N knock-in mice displayed hypophosphatemia rickets with the increased Fgf23 and deceased Dmp1 expression, which survived to adulthood. However, there were a few conventional Fam20cD446N knock-in mice died before weaning with the osteosclerotic X-ray radiography. Our results suggested that hypophosphatemia rickets was the predominant phenotype in Fam20c deficient mice, while the lethal osteosclerotic phenotype occasionally took place in the conventional Fam20c mutant mice. This finding implicated that Fam20c deficiency primarily caused hypophosphatemia rickets, but could triggered osteosclerosis in certain context by the alterations in the systems other than skeleton.
Top pruning and phosphorus fertilization increased the probability of high yields and altered the nutrient distribution profile of Pinus massoniana
Authors: Wang Wenyue , Zhang Zhen , Feng Zong ping , WANG Jianchang , ZHOU Zhichun
Published: October 2024

Top pruning is an effective way to produce "orchard-style" forest seed orchards, and phosphorus (P) fertilization can improve the reproductive ability of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) to some extent. However, it is necessary to determine the absorption and distribution of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) nutrients by applying phosphorus fertilizer under top pruning. Two clones, high-yielding (209) and low-yielding (225), were tested in a pot experiment with 15N markers during early floral primordium. Calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer was applied at doses of 0 g/plant (P0), 200 g/plant (P2), and 400 g/plant (P4) to the test plots without top pruning (N-TP) and with top pruning (TP). Overall, top pruning promoted female cone formation in high-yielding P. massoniana clones and significantly affected the downward movement of the fruiting layer, the density of female cones in the lower branches increased by 25.45%~64.97% after top pruning. However, their impact on the formation of female cones in low-yield clones was limited. Top pruning altered the variation of C:N, N:P ratios by increasing C, N and P contents of lower branches. Compared with no top pruning, the C:N ratios of lower branches of 209 and 225 clones increased by 5.79%~27.38% and 2.57%~13.60% after top pruning, respectively. At flowering period, the distribution ratios of N and P in high-yielding female cones increased by 175.0% and 46.3% after top pruning, respectively, indicating that top pruning promoted the absorption of N and P content to female cones. The interaction effect between top pruning and P fertilizer had a significant impact on female cone density, The application of P fertilizer can improve the N harvesting ability of P. massoniana under top-pruning measures, especially by increasing the C:N ratio in the second layer of coniferous branches in the lower part of the tree and promoting the distribution of N to female flower heads, which is beneficial for improving seed yield. On the whole, top pruning causes changes in the spatial structure of trees, affecting the redistribution of nutrients and promoting the distribution of N and P to female cones; The application of phosphorus fertilizer not only regulates the carbon to nitrogen ratio of needles, but also improves the N and P nutrient absorption capacity of P. massoniana under the combination of top pruning measures, which helps to distribute nutrients to organs related to the formation of female cones. The study confirmed that top pruning and phosphorus fertilization increased the probability of high yield and altered the nutrient distribution characteristics in P. massoniana.
Temperature-dependent FTIR spectroscopy of OH defects in Verneuil-grown corundum (α-Al2O3)
Authors: Balan Etienne , Jollands Michael C. , Guillaumet Maxime , Béneut Keevin
Published: October 2024

The temperature dependence of the infrared absorption spectra of two Verneuil-grown corundum samples is investigated in the OH stretching range. The spectra display three main bands at 3184, 3232 and 3309 cm− 1, belonging to the so-called "3309 cm− 1 series", as well as two additional bands at 3163 and 3278 cm− 1 previously reported in some synthetic corundum samples. The anharmonic behavior of the observed bands is analyzed using the pure dephasing model of Persson and Ryberg and depends on the local geometry of the OH defects, which are all associated with Al vacancies. A weak band at 3209 cm− 1 displays anomalous intensity changes with temperature which support a revised interpretation of both the 3209 and 3232 cm− 1 bands. The two bands are interpreted as resulting from the low-temperature equilibrium between two Ti-associated OH defects, enabled by the possibility of hydrogen quantum tunneling within the Al vacancy. The temperature-dependent properties of the 3278 cm− 1 band are similar to those of the other Al-vacancy related defects and a comparison with the theoretical properties of selected OH defects suggests that this band corresponds to the association of the H atom with a non-dissociated Al Frenkel pair. Finally, the properties of the band at 3163 cm− 1 are consistent with its previously proposed association with Si for Al substitution in corundum.
Self-Learning's Impact on Climate Knowledge in Architecture Students
Authors: Idelbi Yamen
Published: October 2024

Self-directed educational technologies are a pivotal element in enhancing students' ability for autonomous and independent learning, as well as in developing their skills in analyzing environmental issues and sustainable design. This study aims to highlight the role of self-learning in architectural education in promoting climate literacy and developing sustainable design skills among students. Problem-solving and decision-making based on dynamic climate variables are considered fundamental goals of self-learning in this field, contributing to the preparation of a generation of innovative architects capable of designing environmentally sustainable and resilient buildings. This study aimed to examine the differences in self-learning skills among architecture students based on variables such as academic level (third year versus fifth year) and nationality (Syrian versus Arab countries) by distributing questionnaires on social media platforms (Appendix 1). The T-Test was used to analyze the significance of differences between the different groups. The results indicated statistically significant differences between third-year and fifth-year students in the practice of certain self-learning skills, such as organized self-learning, problem-solving, and adaptability. The findings favored fifth-year students, suggesting that selecting samples from different academic years reflected substantial changes in acquired skills and knowledge. This approach helped assess the impact of academic progress on the development of these skills. The study revealed no statistically significant differences between Syrian students and students from other Arab countries, indicating that educational methods do not support the climatic knowledge aspect. Therefore, the study recommends reassessing architectural design education methods in light of natural disasters and advancements in artificial intelligence.
pyOpenMS-viz: Streamlining Mass Spectrometry Data Visualization with pandas
Authors: Sing Justin , Charkow Joshua , Walter Axel , Gao Mingxuan , Muller Tom David , Bittremieux Wout , Sachsenberg Timo , Röst Hannes
Published: October 2024

Mass spectrometry data visualization is essential for a wide range of applications, such as validation of workflows and results, benchmarking new algorithms, and creating comprehensive quality control reports. Python offers a popular and powerful framework for analyzing and visualizing multidimensional data; however, generating commonly used mass spectrometry plots in Python can be cumbersome. Here we present pyOpenMS-viz, a versatile, unified framework for generating mass spectrometry plots. pyOpenMS-viz directly extends pandas DataFrame plotting for generating figures in a single line of code. This implementation enables easy integration across various Python-based mass spectrometry tools that already use pandas DataFrames to store MS data. pyOpenMS-viz is open-source under a BSD 3-Clause license and freely available at https://github.com/OpenMS/pyopenms_viz.
Virtual reality-assisted therapy targeting persistent auditory verbal hallucinations in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: the Challenge single-blind, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Glenthøj Louise , Smith Lisa , Vernal Ditte , Mariegaard Lise , Christensen Annette , Jansen Jens , Schytte Gry , Stokbro Louise , Albert Nikolai , Christensen Mads , Thomas Neil , Hjorthøj Carsten , Nordentoft Merete
Published: October 2024

Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are frequent and debilitating symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). In the current randomized, assessor-blinded, parallel-group superiority clinical trial, a total of 270 participants, diagnosed with SSD suffering from treatment-resistant AVH, were randomly assigned to seven sessions of either a virtual reality-assisted therapy (Challenge-VRT) or supportive counselling. Assessment of outcome was conducted at baseline, and at 12 and 24 weeks post baseline. Linear mixed model analyses demonstrated that Challenge-VRT significantly reduced the symptom load of AVH on the primary outcome measured with the Psychotic Symptoms Rating Scales (PSYRATS-AH total, adjusted mean difference: -2.26, 95% Cl: -4.26 to -0.25, p = 0.03) and the secondary outcome measure on frequency of AVH (PSYRATS-Frequency, adjusted mean difference: -0.84, 95% Cl: -1.53 to -0.14, p = 0.02) at treatment cessation 12 weeks post baseline. We conclude that the brief Challenge-VRT is a viable new treatment method for reducing the severity of AVH.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04661163
Boosting or Busting: The Impact of Industrial Zones on Local Income Dynamics and Labor Outcomes in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Khanh
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the empirical relationship between the establishment of industrial zones and labor outcomes in Vietnam, focusing on variables such as local income inequality, levels of household annual income and expenditure per capita, hourly wages, and share of labor income. Using commune-level panel data constructed from Vietnam's national household survey dataset and a staggered event estimation strategy, the establishment of IZs leads to an increase in individual wage inequality, especially for women; a slight increase in hourly wages and share of labor income, but a decrease in expenditure per capita and rising house value. Policies ensuring fair wages and access to essential amenities, social safety net programs to assist vulnerable workers and reduce income disparities, and regulations to support female workers are recommended.
Virtual Numerical Control: An Approach Towards Autonomous Manufacturing with a Case Study in Welding
Authors: Asy Mohab M.
Published: October 2024

Today's customer lifestyles have reshaped their expectations and preferences, driving a growing demand for tailor-made products. While current conventional manufacturing (MNF) systems are robust, they often lack the flexibility needed to accommodate customization. Most MNF systems, despite advances in technology and machinery, still rely on executing predefined instructions, limiting their flexibility. In contrast, human workers excel at handling product variations due to their cognitive abilities, which allow them to perceive, analyze, and make appropriate decisions to adapt to changing conditions. This study introduces Virtual Numerical Control (VNC) as a solution to upgrade MNF systems and overcome these limitations. VNC aims to transform MNF systems into cognitive entities capable of autonomous decision-making, enabling greater flexibility to meet customization demands. To demonstrate the potential of VNC, we implemented it in a welding system as a practical case study. The results showed that VNC enabled the system to operate autonomously. It accurately identified the shape of the objects to be welded, determined the appropriate welding paths, and executed them with high precision, all without human intervention. This highlights the significant potential of VNC technology for broader applications in industrial automation in welding and beyond.
Cloud-Enabled Microservices Architecture for Next-Generation Online Airlines Reservation Systems
Authors: Barua Biman , Kaiser M. Shamim
Published: October 2024

With the growing demand for real-time, scalable, and reliable airline reservation systems, it is essential to provide advanced architectural solutions for modern software development. Existing monolithic architecture is facing challenges to overcome the issue when there is high traffic with accessing data from multiple locations or sources like GDS, LCC and flight APIs. This paper presents a Cloud-Enabled Microservices Architecture (CEMA) for a subsequent-generation online airline reservation systems. The proposed architecture integrates Global Distribution Systems (GDS), Low-Cost Carriers (LCC), and Flight APIs. Which will improve scalability, fault tolerance, and overall performance. By decoupling services including flight search, reserving, fee, and notification, the system allows unbiased scaling and higher aid utilization. During overall performance assessments, the system treated up to 10,000 concurrent users, preserving a median reaction time of 590 ms below peak time load. The flight service provider tested a 45% improvement in response time, lowering latency from 480 ms to 250 ms below minimum load conditions. Failure checking out showed that the system recovered from microservice failures in underneath 200 ms, ensuring high availability. In load testing out, the booking microservice processed 1,000 bookings, consistent with a 95% issuing success rate. Additionally, the architecture executed 99.9% uptime, making sure continuous service shipping even at some point of peak visitors’ periods. The integration of GDS and LCC APIs improved the systems inventory insurance by using 35%, presenting users with a broader selection of flights. This study demonstrates that a microservices-primarily based approach can considerably enhance the efficiency and scalability of online airline reservation systems.
Agricultural dry residues management stretegies and its potential for Biogas Production
Authors: Jadhav Gururaj Bharat , Chaudhary* Indra Jeet
Published: October 2024

Anaerobic digestion reactions can be used to produce biogas from sources of agricultural waste. The ecology has been harmed by fossil fuels, while biogas solves environmental and climate change-related problems. The goals of biorefineries, global warming, nutrient recycling, and greenhouse gas reduction come after the techno-economic study of biogas production. Furthermore, various metabolic reactions, the use of various microbes, filtration, upgrading, and CO2 removal from the gas mixture procedures all play a role in the creation of biogas. Agricultural wastes are important sources for the production of biogas. Biogas or bio methane generation relieves the negative impact of fossil fuels and agro wastes. Biogas can be generated from agro-industrial wastes with lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. An very promising method for handling agricultural waste that reduces pollution and produces energy effectively is anaerobic digestion. Therefore present study was conducted for screening of bio-waste for biogas generation. Resultants in all three digesters gas generation was found in sorghum than wheat straw while coconut shows the least gas generation. Study also found that higher gas production was seen at 21 DAD (day after digestion). The study concluded that agricultural wastes are important sources for the production of biogas. Therefore selection of most cellulosic agricultural plants will be helpful for biogas production and also relieve the negative impact of fossil fuels and agro wastes.
Analisis Penyebab Kesalahan Penulisan Teks Bahasa Indonesia oleh Siswa di Islamic Santitham Foundation School Thailand
Authors: Lestari Oktavia Winda , Khoirunnisa Krismonika , Munawaroh Khurun Ngin Hadiyatul
Published: October 2024

Abstrak:
Salah satu tujuan dari program Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA) adalah mampu menulis teks berbahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penyebab kesalahan dalam menuliskan teks berbahasa Indonesia oleh pemelajar di Islamic Santitham Foundation School Thailand. Penelitian jenis kualitatif deskriptif menggunakan teknik observasi dan teknik wawancara dalam pengumpulan data. Hasil analisis data menemukan bahwa penyebab kesalahan penulisan teks bahasa Indonesia oleh siswa asing adalah (1) Guru mengalami kesulitan saat menyampaikan materi Bahasa Indonesia, (2) kesulitan saat membedakan pelafalan huruf bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris, (3) tidak adanya pembiasaan bagi pemelajar dalam berbahasa Indonesia, dan (4) kosakata yang dimiliki terbatas. Faktor lain ditemukan bahwa penyebabnya adalah faktor lingkungan yang menggunakan komunikasi berbahasa Thailand.
Interactive Online Modules for Dental Education: A Practical Example of Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction
Authors:   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA, Lin Galvin Sim Siang , Foong Chan Choong ,   Medical Education and Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, Abdul Aziz Yang Faridah ,   Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA
Published: October 2024

Effective and engaging learning experiences are crucial in dental education, especially in the field of dental materials science, as previous approaches were largely through didactic teaching. Interactive online modules have emerged as valuable supplemental tools to enhance dental education. It offers interactive elements, promotes active learning, and provides an immersive, self-paced learning environment. This article highlights the use of Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction as a practical framework to design and implement interactive online modules in the dental materials science curriculum. Gagne’s model provides a structured approach to instructional design, improving students’ engagement and their learning process. The development of interactive online modules follows Gagne’s model, including gaining attention, informing students of objectives, stimulating the recall of prior knowledge, presenting new material, providing guidance, eliciting performance, providing feedback, assessing performance, and enhancing retention and transfer. Students’ perceptions and feedback can be evaluated at the end of the online modules. In short, this article provides a systematic approach to the design and implementation of interactive online modules, ultimately improving the educational outcomes for dental and other health profession students.
Social Accountability in Medical Education: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors:   School of Medicine, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, IRELAND, Abdalla Mohamed Elhassan , Onchonga David ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UNITED KINGDOM, Taha Mohamed Hassan ,   Medical Education Center, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES,   College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Published: October 2024

Social accountability (SA) in medical education is the obligation to direct health professionals’ education to address the priority health needs of communities. Despite the extensive SA-related literature, trends in its prevalence and scope remain unexplained. This study aimed to analyse trends in SA in medical education publications, information clusters and any paucity in integrating SA into medical education. The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for publications from 1995 to 2023 without language restrictions. VOSviewer was used to conduct the bibliometric analysis. This study retrieved 1,292 articles on SA in medical education, which showed an increasing trend in SA research year by year. The United States (US) had the most publications (512), and the University of British Columbia had the most publications (n = 39). Bibliographic coupling analysis identified five clusters of information related to SA in medical education: SA indicators and medical school accreditation; medical students’ attitudes towards underserved populations; the role of physicians in translating SA into medical education; the impact of socially accountable medical education; and preparing medical students for achieving SA in medical education. The findings demonstrate a rising trend in SA research in medical education. However, collaboration networks were stronger in developed countries, indicating the need to enhance research networks with developing countries. The five clusters of SA-related information could serve as a foundation for future research. The study highlights the importance of investigating obstacles to the adoption of SA in medical education and implementing initiatives to foster its comprehensive integration.
Readiness and Satisfaction with Online Learning Among Medical Students Undergoing Clinical Rotation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MALAYSIA, Musa Mohd Jamaluddin , Taib Fahisham ,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MALAYSIA,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MALAYSIA, Othman Azizah ,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MALAYSIA,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MALAYSIA
Published: October 2024

Online learning has become an important teaching method across academic programmes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Students’ readiness and satisfaction with online learning and their association with selected variables were examined. A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students who undergo clinical rotation during restricted movement orders when face-to-face teaching and learning are converted into an online method. Participants were recruited conveniently by inviting students from targeted clinical years to fill up the Online Learning Readiness Scale (OLRS) and E-Course Satisfaction Scale (ECSS) distributed via the digital platform. One-hundred and eighty-three (n = 183) students in the clinical posting of Years 3 (33.9%), 4 (32.2%), and 5 (33.9%) completed the survey voluntarily. The majority were female (n = 142, 78%), with a mean age of 22.85 [standard deviation (SD) = 1.19]. Overall, they reported high readiness and satisfaction with online learning. A positive moderate to good correlation existed between readiness and satisfaction (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). Readiness was significantly associated with age (β = 1.12, p = 0.037), type of clinical posting (β = –4.09, p = 0.003), online attendance (β = 0.45, p = 0.008), and learning duration (β = 3.44, p = 0.036). Only the duration of learning showed a significant linear relationship with satisfaction. Medical students reported high levels of readiness and satisfaction with online learning, despite heavily relying on this online learning mode to complete their clinical posting during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Readiness for Interprofessional Education Among Health Profession Students at a Nigerian University: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut, Terengganu, MALAYSIA, Ibrahim Umar Idris , Lawal Basira Kankia ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, NIGERIA, Ladan Muhammad Awwal ,   Department of Nursing Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano, NIGERIA, Mohammed Mustapha ,   QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, QATAR
Published: October 2024

The implementation and sustainability of interprofessional education (IPE) depends substantially on the readiness of healthcare students. This study assessed the readiness of undergraduate healthcare students in Nigeria with regard to interprofessional practice. A cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of 300 students from a public university was conducted using a 19-item tool. Data were summarised using descriptive statistics, while differences in readiness based on students’ gender, year of study and course of study were identified using inferential statistics. The majority of the students who responded to the questionnaires (55%) were from the fifth year and had a mean age of 24.5 years old. Most of them were from Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy (33% each). The overall median score of 80 (out of 95) showed a high readiness score among the students. A significant difference was observed in the case of the gender of the respondents as to the roles and responsibilities score (p = 0.001). Furthermore, a significant difference was observed with regard to the course of study of the respondents and their professional identity score (p = 0.012). A post hoc analysis showed a p-value of 0.007 between medicine and pharmacy students, indicating that the respondents’ professional identity had a strong influence on their readiness to practice IPE. The total score was not significantly different in all the other scenarios. Healthcare students in Nigeria are ready to undertake and showed positive attitudes towards IPE; therefore, IPE should be integrated into undergraduate healthcare professions curricula to help improve attitudes towards interprofessional practice.
Exploring the Lived Experiences of Post-basic Nursing Students: Insights into Continuous Learning
Authors:   Department of Critical Care Nursing, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA, Aung Khin Thandar , Ali Noor Azizah Mohd ,   Department of Critical Care Nursing, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA, Mokhtar Hanida Hani Mohd ,   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA, Atan Ashikin ,   Department of Professional Nursing Studies, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA, Noh Hairanni Mohd ,   Department of Nursing, Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre (SASMEC@ IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA, Ahmad Sarina ,   Department of Nursing, Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre (SASMEC@ IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA
Published: October 2024

Continuous learning in clinical settings is essential for optimum quality of care. This study examines the lived experiences of post-basic nursing students specialising in critical care, emergency care, and peri-operative care in a tertiary university hospital. Using a descriptive phenomenological approach, three focus group interviews were conducted with 23 purposively sampled post-basic critical care nursing students. Four overarching themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) the programme’s benefits to students; (2) feedback on programme implementation; (3) avenues for future improvement; and (4) challenges encountered during the programme. The findings emphasise the critical role of ongoing education in clinical contexts, particularly in post-basic critical care nursing education. Students’ lived experiences underscore the programme’s positive effects on their knowledge, skills, and organisational benefits, emphasising the crucial role of continuous education in enhancing the quality of nursing care. The identified themes offer valuable insights into the advantages, obstacles, and areas needing improvement in post-basic critical care nursing education. They showed the importance of a sustained commitment to continuous learning to ensure the delivery of high-quality care in clinical practice. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on nursing education and offers valuable insights for educators, administrators, and policymakers to optimise the training and development of nurses to achieve quality patient outcomes.
Post-occlusion surge parameters during ex vivo phacoemulsification with a new method of adaptive infusion control
Authors: Aznabaev B. M. , Mukhamadeev T. R. , Dibaev T. I. , Ismagilov T. N.
Published: October 2024

A new method of adaptive control of infusion during phacoemulsification (PE) based on the Optimed Profi (Optimedservice) surgical system was developed, allowing calculation of the predicted volume of post-occlusion surge (POS) by monitoring aspiration and infusion flow rates.Purpose. To compare POS amplitude, predicted and actual volumes of POS during experimental ex vivo PE on cadaveric porcine eyes, between Optimed Profi and Centurion Vision surgical systems.Material and methods. For two experimental PE series of 10 operations on porcine eyes, the mean POS amplitude (mm Hg) was measured using a pressure sensor in the anterior eye chamber. Predicted and actual POS volumes were assessed using a non-contact aspiration-line flowmeter sensor by varying aspiration flow rate depending on the phaco needle patency. The parameters were compared between the series using the Student t-test.Results. The mean POS amplitude during PE by Optimed Profi and Centurion Vision System was 12.10 ± 0.21 and 13.3 ± 0.3 mm Hg, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean value of the predicted POS volume during PE by Optimed Profi and Centurion Centurion Vision System was 136.80 ± 9.59 and 146.00 ± 9.46 μm, respectively (p > 0.01). The mean value of the actual POS volume during PE by Optimed Profi and Centurion Vision System was 135.30 ± 4.97 and 158.50 ± 8.63 μm, respectively (p < 0.01).Conclusion. The lower values of POS amplitude and predicted and actual volumes of POS in the series using the new method of adaptive infusion control may indicate a better hydrodynamic stability in experimental PE.