bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concentrations of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Surface Water of the Dnieper River
Authors:   A.V. Dumansky Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Water Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Milyukin M.V. , Gorban М.V. ,   A.V. Dumansky Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Water Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the levels of organic ecotoxicants, specifically organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in the surface waters of the Dnieper River and other global water systems, highlighting trends over recent decades. The levels of OCPs and PCBs in the Dnieper River remained stable, with slight increases observed between 1994 and 2021. The average total concentrations during this period were 12.19±4.73 ng/dm³ (OCPs) and 23.13±20.64 ng/dm³ (PCBs). In other regions, average OCP concentrations (ng/ dm³) were: 5.7±1.8 (Italy), 1.77±0.56 (Tyrrhenian Sea), 318 (Ganga River), 21.3 (Yangtze River), 34.4 (Huai River), and 69.9 (Pearl River Delta). For PCBs, the respective concentrations (ng/dm³) were: 27.9±8.7 (Italy), 11.7±1.5 (Tyrrhenian Sea), 8.5±6.4 (Yangtze River), and 3.50 (Pearl River Delta). Relative standard deviations ranged from 31.6% to 140.3% for OCPs and 12.7% to 94.3% for PCBs, reflecting variability in data collection over time and across studies. In China and India, PCB levels showed a declining trend, remaining below 50 ng/dm³. Correlation analysis between individual OCPs and PCBs helped estimate emission timing into aquatic systems. Overall, while some regions show downward trends in ecotoxicant levels, PCB concentrations in natural waters remain relatively stable globally.
Georges Canguilhem's Perspective on Anthropomorphism in the Sciences
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, Park Chan-woong
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this paper is to examine the views of French philosopher Georges Canguilhem on anthropomorphism. Canguilhem accepted Gaston Bachelard's thesis of epistemological rupture. However, unlike Bachelard, who focused on the process of knowledge formation after this rupture, Canguilhem concentrated on the relationship between the pre- and post-rupture phases. Anthropomorphism is one of these relationships. Canguilhem acknowledged that anthropomorphism is an obstacle to the formation of knowledge, yet he argued that, as living beings, human scientists inevitably commit anthropomorphic errors. While this presents challenges for the pursuit of truth in science, the linguistic constraints often obscure the inherent discord between its purpose and error. Nonetheless, instances in the history of science reveal an awareness of this discord and attempts to address it. Analyzing these cases demonstrates that human scientists justify their pursuit of infinite truth as living beings.
The Impact of Restriction Caused on by Symptomson Life Satisfaction of People with Mental Illness: Mediating Effects of Self-Esteem and Human Rights Awareness
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, Kim Mi Kyoung
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that assess the quality of life, even when a person’s everyday activities are restricted by mental health symptoms. Specifically, tried to the mediating effect of self-esteem, which is an internal factor of individual, and human rights awareness, which is a factor of social participation. For this purpose, we used the data of 264 people with mental disabilities from the fourth data set of the 2021 Korea Disabled Development Institute’s panel on the life of Persons with Disabilities. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and structural models of significant variables, as well as verified the mediating effect of self-esteem and human rights awareness. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 and Amos 23.0 programs, and the results of the shown below. First, there was a significant correlation between the restriction of daily life, self-esteem, awareness of human rights, and life satisfaction brought on by mental illness symptoms. Second, the restriction of daily life, self-esteem, awareness of human rights, an life satisfaction pathways caused by the symptoms of the mental illness showed significant effects. Finally, self-esteem and awareness of human rights had a significant mediating effect on life satisfaction by lowering restrictions on daily life due to symptoms. Based on the above results, proposed a discussion to improve the quality of life based on the recognition of the mental illness.
Vacunación oportuna con la vacuna hexavalente en el primer año de vida en niños vacunados en la USF Barrio Sur y Hospital de Loma Plata en el año 2023
Authors: Cuellar-Martínez Gustavo , Escurra Rodrigo , Cousirat Luis , Revolero Diego , Martínez de Cuellar Celia
Published: January 2025

La vacunación, intervención beneficiosa para prevenir enfermedades y reducir la mortalidad. El retraso en la vacunación incrementa el riesgo de enfermedades y brotes. El objetivo fue describir la frecuencia dosis en ≤12 meses con esquema primario de vacunación Hexavalente, en la USF y hospital de Loma Plata, año 2023. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte trasverso, retrospectivo, realizado en 2 servicios. Se determinó el número de dosis de Hexavalente (serie primaria), tasa de deserción y percepción de los padres relacionada a las vacunas. Fueron aplicadas 311 dosis Hexa 1, con disminución progresiva en las dosis Hexa 2 y Hexa 3, de 276 y 202, respectivamente. Tasa de Deserción de 11,30% y 35,04%, para Hexa1-Hexa2 y Hexa1-Hexa3, respectivamente. En las dosis aplicadas por establecimiento de salud, hubo una disminución progresiva de dosis en el esquema primario, mayor en el Hospital de Loma Plata: 208, 177 y 114 versus 103, 99 y 88 para la para la primera, segunda y tercera dosis, respectivamente. La Tasa de Deserción mayor en el Hospital de Loma Plata: 14,90% y 45,20% para Hexa1- Hexa2 y Hexa1-3, respectivamente y en la USF: 3.80% y 14,50%, para Hexa1-Hexa2 y Hexa1-Hexa3, respectivamente. Los padres perciben la seguridad de las vacunas, pero solo el 57% considera que previene enfermedades. El estudio, demuestra la disminución progresiva de las dosis del esquema primario de la Hexavalente y aumento progresivo de las tasas de deserción. Además, la percepción de seguridad de las vacunas no así de la efectividad.
The Need for Community-Centered Intervention Strategies on Promoting Health Living in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in South Africa
Authors: Mathunjwa Musa , Nduduzo Shandu , Schoeman Heidi , Linda Ntombizodwa , Linda Nompumelelo , Nkwanyana Samkelisiwe , Mkhasibe Gugu , Joubert Anne , Ndwandwe Kate , Pillay Zoey , Mkhwanazi Nokubonga , Avramov Dimitar , Shaw Ina , Shaw Brandon
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Equally, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are significant global health concerns, especially in low- and middle-income countries where the burden of both conditions is rising. In particular, making it essential to develop comprehensive health promotion strategies This narrative review aims to explore the role of community-centered intervention strategies in promoting healthy living among individuals with T2DM and HIV.

Methods: The review systematically analyzed literature from peer-reviewed journals and grey literature, focusing on studies that implemented community-based strategies, such as health education, peer support, and physical activity programs, targeting individuals with T2DM and those living with HIV and T2DM.

Results: Evidence suggests that community-centered interventions significantly improve health outcomes, including better glycemic control, reduced viral load, and increased physical activity levels. Peer-led initiatives and culturally tailored programs showed greater success in maintaining long-term adherence to lifestyle modifications compared to conventional clinic-based care.

Conclusion: Community-centered interventions hold great potential in promoting healthier living for individuals with T2DM and HIV. Future programs should prioritize culturally relevant, scalable models to ensure sustainability and inclusivity, addressing the dual challenges posed by T2DM and HIV in vulnerable populations.
Genomics and the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma: A review for clinicians
Authors: Heinen Tiago , Coelho Juliano , Pereira Rodrigo , Cassol Elvis , Andrade Gabriela , Zanon Andréa , Gatto Gabriela , Liedke Pedro , Azevedo Sérgio
Published: January 2025

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite improvements in treatments over the past decade, advanced non-small cell lung cancer remains an incurable disease. The scenario, however, has improved for patients with site-directed mutations. Targeted therapy for lung cancer refers to the use of drugs that specifically attack molecular or genetic alterations present in tumor cells. This type of approach has revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, especially adenocarcinomas.

The identification of specific mutations, such as mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor and rearrangements in anaplastic lymphoma kinase, has allowed the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which significantly improves clinical outcomes compared to traditional chemotherapy, in addition to being a better tolerated treatment. Other targets have already been identified and, today, the broad search for molecular targets is part of the initial evaluation of patients with advanced adenocarcinoma.

We live in a time of continuous evolution in targeted therapy and with better understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to treatments, which has been explored in recent clinical trials. Previously a fatal disease, today, in a considerable number of cases, we are reaching chronicity. This is why the subject should be on the agenda not only for oncologists, but for clinicians in general. The objective of this review is to address the main targets related to the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma and the results of effective inhibition, discussing both classical therapies and new therapeutic approaches.
Production of Silver Nanoparticles from Seagrass Wastes by Green Synthesis and Determination of Their Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: İnam Ayşegül , Özel Nihal , Günay Zülal , Elibol Murat
Published: January 2025

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has attracted great interest in the field of nanotechnology due to their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties in different applications. Posidonia leaves, known as seagrasses, detach from their stems during their life cycle and are carried by sea currents to form deposits on the shore. These biomass wastes hold the potential to be a source for nanoparticle synthesis. In this study, we present the synthesis of AgNPs using seagrass wastes without any chemical stabilizers or reducers. The aqueous extract is used as a reducing agent for synthesizing AgNPs at room temperature. The total phenolic and carbohydrate contents of extracts were analyzed using spectrophotometric methods. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The visual color change confirmed the formation of AgNPs. The UV-visible spectrophotometer showed an absorption peak at 420 nm. DLS measurements estimated the AgNPs size at approximately 50 nm. The AgNPs exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) microorganisms and antifungal activity against Candida glabrata. Antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract and AgNPs were also evaluated. This study highlights the successful use of a waste biological material in AgNPs production via green synthesis methods, showing promise across various fields.
Evaluation Of Nutritional Status In Adult Women Diagnosed With Insulin Resistance
Authors: Kar Nur Nagehan , Seylam Küşümler Aylin
Published: January 2025

Objective: Obesity, which predisposes to various chronic metabolic diseases, is known as a risk factor for insulin resistance and its prevalence is increasing both in the world and in our country. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of 71 obese women with insulin resistance before and after undergoing medical nutrition therapy. The participants, aged 18-65 years, were diagnosed with obesity and insulin resistance by a physician at least six months ago.
Materials and Methods: The study collected sociodemographic information, health and nutrition data, anthropometric measurements, food consumption frequencies, and scores from the Attitudes Towards Healthy Eating Scale and Three-Factor Nutrition Questionnaire. Biochemical findings from patient files and three-day food consumption records were also analyzed.
Results: The mean body mass index of the participants was 35.23±4.62 kg/m2 (p
Portrait of the Meaning of Life of Schizophrenia Survivors at Lentera Harmoni Jiwa Foundation (LEMJIWA) Yogyakarta
Authors: Wardani Nurul Annisa , Fahmi Irfanudin
Published: January 2025

Each person has a unique meaning of life, shaped by their individual experiences and personal circumstances. Life's meaning can be discovered in various situations, whether in happiness or hardship. This study aims to understand how schizophrenia survivors find meaning in their lives and the processes they undergo to reach this understanding. Using a qualitative method and descriptive approach, data were gathered through observation, interviews, and documentation. The study's findings reveal that, out of three subjects, two have achieved a deep understanding of life's meaning. They exhibit creative values ​​realized through work or enjoyable activities, a positive mindset that helps avoid negativity, and reflective values ​​gained through self-reflection, motivating them to keep growing. On the other hand, one subject remains in the search stage and has not yet fully understood their life's meaning.
The Impact of Learning Outcomes of Aqidah and Ahlak on Students' Emotional Intelligence At Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Harmathilda  , M. Fikri Safwan  , Abdul Khoir  , Putri Munanjah  , Sujai Ahmad
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the learning outcomes of the subject of aqidah akhlak on students' emotional intelligence. The learning outcomes of aqidah akhlak are interpreted as students' academic achievements in the subject of aqidah akhlak including mastery of concepts, principles, and application of moral values ​​in everyday life. While emotional intelligence refers to students' ability not only to understand other people's emotions but also to recognize, manage, and control their own emotions. This study uses a qualitative research type with data collection techniques through interviews, observations and literature studies. The sources include teachers of the subject of aqidah akhlak and students of class XI MA Islamiyah. The interviews used structured interviews with a series of questions that had been prepared and observations were carried out through direct observation of teachers and students. The results of the study showed that learning aqidah akhlak has an influence on the development of students' emotional intelligence. The implementation of Islamic teaching values ​​in everyday life, such as patience, humility, and empathy, contributes to improving students' ability to recognize and manage their own emotions and empathize with others.
Islamic Counseling and Cognitive Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in Adolescents
Authors: Mujahidah Shabira , Zahra Safinah , Hariyadi Renaya
Published: January 2025

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in adolescents disrupts emotional, academic, and social development, with conventional treatments often lacking sensitivity to spiritual dimensions, particularly in Muslim communities. This study explores the integration of Islamic counseling and cognitive psychotherapy as a holistic and novel intervention for OCD, addressing both clinical symptoms and spiritual well-being. Employing a library research methodology, the study analyzed literature from modern psychology, Islamic teachings, and empirical studies on OCD treatments. The findings emphasize the originality of combining cognitive restructuring with Islamic principles such as tawhid (monotheism) and tazkiyah (self-purification), creating a transformative and culturally sensitive framework for therapy. The proposed intervention encompasses structured spiritual practices (e.g., therapeutic dhikr and Qur'an-based meditation) alongside cognitive techniques, effectively reducing OCD symptoms and enhancing emotional resilience. This integrated approach not only alleviates symptoms but fosters personal growth and spiritual resilience, positioning adolescents as active participants in their healing journey. By bridging gaps between conventional psychotherapy and Islamic values, this study offers a groundbreaking model that significantly contributes to contemporary mental health interventions within Muslim contexts.
Research Insights: Is Business Dynamism Declining?
Authors: Talamas Marcos Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2025

Recent research shows a global decline in business dynamism, characterized by lower firm entry rates and slower job reallocation, particularly in advanced economies. The global decline in business dynamism is widespread across sectors, including the sectors that have been relatively more dynamic such as those intensive in information and communication technology. Demographic trends, such as the slowdown in working-age population growth, have the potential to explain the slowdown in business dynamism, as entry rates are closely linked to population growth rates. However, variation in population growth rates appears to account for only part of the decline in business dynamism.
Research Insights: How Does the Enforcement of Labor Market Regulations Affect Informality and Firms?
Authors: Santos Cezar
Published: January 2025

Labor inspections reduce informality but slow firm growth: inspections mandate formalization and impose fines, causing immediate compliance but long-term stagnation in growth for audited firms in Brazil. Informality is pervasive: both large and small firms hire informal workers, and informal workers are similar to formal employees in age, education, and gender but earn slightly less. Inspections dampen innovation and dynamism: firms subjected to audits innovate less, with declines in trademark registrations and organizational complexity.
How recruitment ad informativeness influence application intentions: mediating role of perceived fit and moderating role of employment experience
Authors: Alniacik Esra , Alniacik Umit
Published: January 2025

Business organizations use job advertisements to find and attract the high-quality workforce they need. Skillfully crafted job advertisements not only provide job-related information to job seekers but also help develop a strong employer brand in the employee market. Based on signaling theory and person-environment fit theory, we propose that the content and specificity of information provided in job advertisements influence job advertisement effectiveness through various mechanisms. In a scenario-based experiment on 310 young job seekers, we probed the direct and indirect effects of job advertisement informativeness on job pursuit intentions. Using structural equations modelling and multi-group path analysis, the mediating roles of perceived job appropriateness and ad truthfulness, along with the moderating role of previous employment experience, were examined. By manipulating the information content of a hypothetical job advertisement, we demonstrated that: a) both advertisement informativeness and perceived job appropriateness had positive direct effects on application intentions, while the latter had a greater effect; b) perceived job appropriateness mediated the relationship between advertisement informativeness and job pursuit intentions; c) the indirect (mediated) effect of advertisement informativeness on application intentions was moderated by previous employment experience; d) perceived ad truthfulness did not exert any significant effect on application intentions. These findings imply that HR practitioners should provide specific information in job postings to help candidates, especially those with less work experience, evaluate how well the job suits them and increase their motivation to apply.
Preparation of Formulation Containing Standardized Isoflavone Rich Extract of Glycine Max Seeds and its Bioavailability Studies
Authors: Naik Archana , Gadgoli Chhaya , Bhere Harshala , Bhandekar Siddhi
Published: January 2025

Background: Formulations containing soy extracts containing genistein, daidzein and glycitein are widely available in market and have been utilized for treatment of hyper lipidemia, postmenopausal problems and cancer. Aim: The present study focuses on preparation of capsule formulation containing soy isoflavone rich extract and determination of bioavailability using validated bioanalytical HPTLC method. Methods: The standardized extract containing 40% w/w total isoflavones (genistein 5.74% w/w) was formulated into capsule formulation containing 20 mg genistein per capsule. The bioanalytical HPTLC method was developed wherein protein precipitation of plasma sample was carried out using methanol followed by liquid liquid extraction using diethyl ether. The HPTLC method involved use of precoated silica gel 60GF254 plates as stationary phase with mobile phase of Ethyl Acetate: Pet ether: Toluene [4:4:2 (v/v)] and detection at 262 nm. The absolute bioavailability of genistein was determined by administering 2 mg/kg i.v. and 10 mg /kg per oral to albino rats. The bioavailability of the formulation was determined at the dose of 20 mg/kg per oral. Results: The HPTLC method yielded maximum recovery of 72.77 % w/w of genistein from plasma, with accuracy of 101.69-115.22 % w/w and linearity range was found to be 20-140 ng/band. The absolute bioavailability of genistein was observed to be 14.78%. The Cmax and tmax for formulation containing genistein rich extract (equivalent to 20 mg/kg bw po) were found to be 1.004 ug/ml and 8 h respectively. Relative bioavailability as calculated by comparing AUCs of pure genistein (10 mg/kg bw po) with the formulation (20 mg/kg bw po genistein) was found to be 77.4%. Conclusion: The validated bioanalytical HPTLC method was found to be selective, accurate, reproducible and cost effective. The method was successfully applied for pharmacokinetic study and confirmed that formulation containing genistein showed better bioavailability as compared to pure genistein.
Formulation Development and In Vitro Characterization of Gymnema sylvestre’s Phytochemical Encapsulated Phytosome
Authors: Bhavya E. , Inigo P. , Kumar M. S. Arun , Vijay P. Surya , Anandaraj R. , Rajalakshmi A. , Sona M.
Published: January 2025

Background: Drug therapy for Type II diabetes mellitus suffers from a frequent administration of oral anti-diabetic drugs, which leads to drug tolerance and nephrotoxicity as major side effects. Aim: To address this issue, the current research focused on investigating gymnemic acid and its subsequent encapsulation in phytosomes on the release properties of anti-diabetic drugs. In this research work, gymnemic acid shall be encapsulated in a phospholipid bilayer, it is called a Phytosome and it will be thoroughly characterized through in vitro study. Methods: Phytosomes with gynemic acid encapsulation have to be created using the solvent evaporation method. In order to preserve their stability, the created phytosomes were lyophilized. Then the gymnemic acid encapsulated phytosome was characterized for Measurement of Zeta potential, Measurement of particle size, Determination of entrapment efficiency, Scanning electron microscopy, Drug content and In-vitro Drug release study. Results: The drug content and entrapment efficiency of the best formulation (F3) was found to be 43.41% and 78.43%. Conclusion: The study’s findings indicate that gymnemic acid may release the medication for a longer period and significantly lower blood glucose levels after being encapsulated into phytosomes.
Renal Protective Effects of Passiflora edulis in a Rat Model of Fructose-induced Diabetes
Authors: Patel Kinjal P. , Maheshwari Rajesh A.
Published: January 2025

Background: The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus is escalating rapidly, with fructose consumption emerging as a significant risk factor for metabolic disorders. Extract of Passiflora edulis (EPE) (passion fruit) has gained attention for its potential therapeutic benefits in managing diabetes. Aim: This study aims to investigate the efficacy of EPE in mitigating fructose-induced diabetic complications. Methods: Acute oral toxicity tests revealed the safety of EPE up to 5000 mg/kg. Subsequent pharmacological studies demonstrated that EPE treatment significantly reduced glycated haemoglobin levels and kidney index in fructose-fed rats. Results: EPE administration effectively ameliorated renal dysfunction by decreasing serum creatinine, uric acid, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and urea levels. Additionally, EPE treatment attenuated pro-inflammatory mediators, C Reactive Protein (CRP), Tumour Necrosis- Alpha (TNF-α), and Interleukin (IL-6) levels in fructose-fed rats. Histopathological analysis further supported the protective effects of EPE, showing improvements in kidney morphology. These findings suggest that EPE has the potential to mitigate fructose-induced renal damage and may offer therapeutic benefits in diabetes management. Conclusion: Further research is warranted to explore the clinical applications of EPE in diabetic patients.
Antimicrobial Action of Novel Panax ginseng Paste, Calcium Hydroxide and Bio-C Temp as an Intracanal Medicament Against Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Kithan Zadeno , Taneja Sonali , Mukherjee Abhik
Published: January 2025

Background: Intracanal medicaments are substances placed inside the root canal system during endodontic treatment to help achieve optimal healing and infection control. Their use is critical for managing infections, reducing inflammation, and promoting tissue regeneration between appointments, especially when dealing with persistent microbial infections. Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial action of novel Panax ginseng paste, Calcium hydroxide and Bio-C temp as an Intracanal Medicament (ICM) against Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans by Modified Direct Contact Test (DCT). Methods: Two bacterial strains were grouped into (A) Enterococcus faecalis and (B) Streptococcus mutans and subgrouped (n=7) as follows: A1 and B1- Control, A2 and B2- Calcium hydroxide, A3 and B3- Bio-C Temp, A4 and B4- Panax ginseng. The ICM were freshly prepared and coated on a fixed area of 96-well microtiter plates followed by the addition of the bacterial suspension. Antimicrobial action was evaluated by applying the Modified DCT. Results: In both groups, the order of bacterial load reduction was- Panax ginseng > Calcium hydroxide > Bio-C Temp > Control. A significant difference was observed in control groups compared with the three ICMs (P<0.05). Bio-C Temp exhibited a significantly lower reduction as compared to Calcium hydroxide and Panax ginseng in both groups (P<0.05). Panax ginseng exhibited better antimicrobial action than Ca(OH)2 in both the groups although it was not statistically significant. Intergroup comparison showed that all three ICMs led to more Mean Reduction (MR) in S. mutans than E. faecalis which was statistically significant in Calcium hydroxide and Panax ginseng groups. Conclusion: All three ICMs led to the reduction of both E. faecalis and S. mutans. Panax ginseng exhibited the best antimicrobial activity, and further research can be conducted on its biocompatibility on oral tissues for its application as a potential intracanal medicament.
Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticataleptic Activity on Methanol Seed Extract of Cannabis sativa: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study
Authors: Annadurai Dasaprakash , Raj Kawsalliya , Francis Methun , Vinayakam Rajesh T , Raghavan Vijayashree , Selvaraj Satheesh , Kalaichelvan Susmitha , Radhakrishnan Arunkumar
Published: January 2025

Background: Cannabis sativa (CS) has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and neuroprotective effects. However, its potential anticataleptic activity remains unexplored. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the qualitative phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticataleptic activity of methanolic seed extract of Cannabis sativa (CSCME). Methods: The antioxidant activity of CSCME was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Antibacterial properties were assessed using the agar well diffusion method. For the anticataleptic study, Wistar albino rats (n=30) were divided into five groups: control, disease control (haloperidol 1mg/kg), standard treatment (haloperidol 1mg/kg + trihexyphenidyl 1mg/kg), and two treatment groups receiving haloperidol 1mg/kg with CSCME (10mg/kg and 20mg/kg). Treatments were administered daily for 15 days, and catalepsy severity was assessed using the block and metal bar methods. Results: CSCME exhibited significant antioxidant and antibacterial activity comparable to commercial drugs. In vivo, results showed a significant reduction in cataleptic scores in treatment groups (P<0.05) compared to disease control. Notably, the 20mg/kg CSCME group demonstrated similar reductions in cataleptic scores as the trihexyphenidyl group (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that CSCME possesses antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticataleptic activities, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for managing catalepsy and other neurological disorders. The findings warrant further investigation into the clinical applications of CSCME.
Validating Ethnomedicinal Claims of Itrifal Mulayyin in Patients With Ṣudā‘ (NUMC: A-36) (Headache Disorders) – An Open Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Anwar Noman , Ahmed Kabiruddin , Ahmed Zaheer , Ansari Athar Parvez , Shazia Farooqui
Published: January 2025

Background: Ṣudā‘ (Headache disorder), an incapacitating neurological disorder, negatively impacts people’s quality of life, productivity, family and social life and poses huge financial constraints. Itrifal Mulayyin, is a widely used Unani medication for the treatment of headache disorders. Aim: The present study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of Itrifal Mulayyin in headache patients to validate its ethnomedicinal claims. Methods: Clinically diagnosed headache patients, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the study were recruited after obtaining a duly signed informed consent form. The study was conducted in compliance with Good Clinical Practices (GCP) guidelines, with due approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Patients received 7g of Itrifal Mulayyin, orally once daily at bedtime for 7 days. Clinical pathology and biochemistry were done to evaluate the medication safety, alongside monitoring adverse occurrences. The Visual Analogues Scale (VAS) was used to assess the efficacy of the formulation. Results: Twenty of 106 recruited patients were unable to take the test, while 86 patients completed the trial. The mean age of the study population was 35.3 years and the majority of them (70.9%) were female. The overall response to treatment was found to be 85%. After 7 days of treatment with Itrifal Mulayyin, a statistically significant (P<0.05) decrease in the mean VAS score was recorded. Pathological and biochemical indices remain normal and no significant change was observed before and after treatment. Throughout the trial, no AE (adverse events) or drug intolerance were reported. Conclusion: The study results affirm the ethnomedicinal claims of the formulation and indicate that Itrifal Mulayyin may be used orally for the efficient treatment of headaches with little to no risk to medication safety.
Beta-Sitosterol: A Comprehensive Review of Occurrence in Plants and its Therapeutic Potential in Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders
Authors: Syamala G. , Sivadasan Durgaramani , Saran V. , Abishek V. M. , Dhilochini A. V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Phytosterols play a major role in the management of cardiovascular diseases. Beta-sitosterol sourced from various plants showed better therapeutic activity and mechanism in treating cardiovascular diseases. However, there has been no comprehensive review of the distribution of beta-sitosterol and its therapeutic activities in cardiac diseases. Methods: Thus, the review includes the occurrence and relevance of beta-sitosterol with its therapeutic outcomes on cardiac diseases. The literature collection process was conducted using scientific databases such as Pubmed, science direct, Google Scholar and books for the concise evaluation of the study. Results: The resultant review on beta-sitosterol has been concised to its biological sources and the process of isolation, therapeutic efficacy against the management of cardiovascular diseases by decreasing the cholesterol absorption which leads to a decrease in Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Conclusion: Further preclinical and clinical studies can be explored to explore the efficacy of beta-sitosterol.
Targeting the Polyol Pathway with Pithecellobium dulce for Diabetic Cataract Prevention
Authors: Bandaru Nagaraju , Jajula Naga Venkata Indira Devi , Mamidisetti Yaso Deepika , Bonthu Mohan Gandhi , Gayatri Alluri Pavani , Gambhire Makarand Suresh , Swathi Perla , Nadhreddy Dodda Thulase , Tata Prasanna Kumari
Published: January 2025

Background: Diabetic cataracts are a prevalent complication in diabetes, primarily resulting from the accumulation of sorbitol in the lens via the polyol pathway. Targeting the polyol pathway to prevent diabetic cataracts has garnered significant interest. Pithecellobium dulce, a traditional medicinal plant, has shown potential in inhibiting aldose reductase activity, thereby reducing sorbitol accumulation. Aim: The present study investigates the efficacy of P. dulce in preventing diabetic cataract formation by modulating the polyol pathway. Methods: In this study, goat lenses were used for anti-cataract activity. A total of 16 lenses were divided into 4 groups group I normal control, group II Dexamethasone, group III and IV methanolic extract of P. dulce 100mg/ml, 200mg/ml respectively. At the end of the study, goat lenses were examined for opalescence score and estimate the Lens polyol, biochemical parameters like sodium, potassium, total proteins and catalase levels. Results: Dexamethasone treated lens showed more opalescence and increased levels of polyols, electrolytes and catalase levels when compared to the normal group. Whereas methanolic extract of P. dulce 200mg/ml treated lens significantly decreased opalescence, decreased levels of polyols, electrolytes and catalase levels when compared to dexamethasone-treated groups. Conclusion: Targeting the polyol pathway with P. dulce holds significant promise for the prevention of diabetic cataracts. Through its inhibitory effects on the polyol pathway, P. dulce can potentially mitigate the excessive accumulation of sorbitol within the lens, thus preventing the emergence and progression of cataracts in diabetic individuals.
Assessment of Anti-oxidant and Anti-hyperglycemic Efficacy of the Seeds of Cassia uniflora Mill. by In Vivo Methods
Authors: Vidhya B. , Kilimozhi D , Reichal C. Rubina
Published: January 2025

Background: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder which affects a large mass of the population today. Lifestyle changes have led to an increase in diabetic patients day by day. Metabolic disorders are a result of an excess of free radical species in the body. So the search for anti-diabetic or anti-hyperglycemic drugs with antioxidant activity is a requirement in the health sector. Aim: This research work aims to assess the anti-oxidant properties and anti-hyperglycemic efficacy of the seeds of Cassia uniflora Mill. Methods: The in vivo studies were performed using male Albino Wistar rats. The ethanol extract of the seeds of C. uniflora was extracted and subjected to determination of antioxidant activity by many in vivo methods that include reduced Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione Peroxide (GPX), Catalase (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) enzyme-induced method. Similarly, the anti-hyperglycemic effect of the ethanol extracts was studied. Diabetes was induced in rats using streptozotocin and the animals were treated with ethanol extract of C. uniflora seeds. All the parameters, like the blood glucose level, hematological parameters, lipid profiling and liver function tests, were assessed to evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic activity. The histology of the pancreas of the animals was also studied. Results: The results of the antioxidant ability of the extract were related to the control drug, and the relation was found to be p< 0.05**. The hypoglycemic activity studies on the ethanol extract of the seed of C. uniflora Mill were matched with a group of the animals treated with the control drug, Glibenclamide. The blood glucose level was determined to be statistically **p<0.05**. The architecture of the pancreatic tissue revealed that the extract-treated animals showed improvement on the 28th day. Conclusion: The seeds of the plant C. uniflora possess anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activity, which may be mediated through the phytochemical constituents of the plant.
Integrative Strategies for Ovarian Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Review from Ayush Perspectives
Authors: Gayatri Alluri Pavani , Vatchavai Bhaskara Raju , Korukola Nirmala , Raju Bandaru Naga , Karumanchi Srikanth Kumar , Afrin Sultana  , Mohan Gandi Bonthu
Published: January 2025

Background: Ovarian Cancer remains a crucial reason for mortality among gynaecological diseases despite advancements in surgical techniques and chemotherapy. Delayed diagnosis often contributes to the unfavourable prognosis of the disorder. Though the initial platinum-based doublet chemotherapy and successful surgical intervention are done, a considerable proportion of individuals ranging from 70 to 80 per cent experience disease recurrence. Aim: In this current review, the authors aim to explore the potentiality of Ayush (Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Yoga and Naturopathy and Homeopathy) approaching modern medication for treating ovarian cancer. Ayush encompasses various therapeutic modalities, including herbal remedies, diet and nutrition, yoga and meditation, and Panchakarma, which have been traditionally used or studied for their potential benefits in cancer management. Methods: We will discuss the fundamental aetiology, pathology, risk factors, and basic signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer, along with the available Ayush treatment options. Specifically, we will focus on Ayurvedic approaches, such as Rasayanas (Rejuvenated therapies) and Ayurveda Maintenance Therapy (AMT), which have shown promise in managing recurrent ovarian cancer. Results: Studies investigating the efficacy of Ayush interventions, including herbal and herbal-mineral formulations, in treating ovarian cancer reported sustainable outcomes. We will examine the documented Platinum-Free Interval (PFI) and Progression-Free Survival (PFS) following Ayush treatments to assess their potential impact on patient outcomes. Conclusion: This review provides a comprehensive overview of Ayush treatment options for ovarian cancer, aiming to improve the chances of survival for patients, particularly those diagnosed with advanced disease. Integrating Ayush approaches with modern medical interventions may provide a comprehensive strategy for the management of ovarian cancer, confronting both psychological and physical aspects of this disorder.
A faux pas (társalgási baklövés) jelenség pragmatikai értelmezési és felismerési lehetőségei az explicit nyelvi megformálás függvényében (3. rész)
Authors: Mezőlaki Regina , Ivaskó Lívia
Published: January 2025

A faux pas (Stone et al. 1998; Varga et al. 2008; Gál 2016) kellemetlen következményekkel járó társalgási baklövés, amit a kommunikátor hamis vélekedése alapján, sértő szándék nélkül követ el. A baklövés elkövetésének a felismerése összetett kognitív folyamatokat igényel, így mind maga a nyelvi jelenség, mind pedig annak megértése izgalmas kutatási területet biztosít a pszichológia és a pragmatika határterületeinek. Jelen tanulmányban azt mutatjuk be, hogy mit adhat ezen kérdéskör megvizsgálásához a szocio- és kognitív pragmatika eszköztára. Az empirikus adatokon végzett elemzés során a homlokzat, homlokzatóvás (Goffman [1955] 2008), a racionalitási és interperszonális elvek (Nemesi 2016) és a relevanciaelméleti keret (Sperber–Wilson [1986] 1995; Ivaskó 2000; 2005) fogalomkészleteivel dolgoztunk. Kutatásunk eredménye alapján elmondható, hogy a szocio- és kognitív pragmatikai szempontú vizsgálódások segítik a faux pas ernyőfogalomhoz kapcsolódó nyelvi jelenségek differenciálását, illetve a faux pas jelenség felismerésének és értelmezésének hátterében álló következtetési és metapragmatikai folyamatok alaposabb megismerését.
Szemelvények a magyar esetrendszer terminológiájának történetéből (1. rész)
Authors: Gyói Renáta , C. Vladár Zsuzsa
Published: January 2025

Ebben a tanulmányban arra a kérdésre keressük a választ, hogyan alakult a magyar névszói esetnevek története: milyen előzményei voltak a magyar nyelvű esetterminológiának, és miért nincs ma egységesen használt, elfogadott magyar nyelvű terminológiája a magyar leíró grammatika e részének? Vizsgálatunkban a korai grammatikák, valamint a 19., a 20. és a 21. század legfontosabb tudományos grammatikáinak esetneveit tekintettük át a kognitív terminológia néhány alapvetésének segítségével.
A part mályát turbikálja
Authors: Forgács Tamás
Published: January 2025

Számos régi szólásgyűjteményünkben és szótárunkban előfordul egy Pázmánytól eredeztethető kifejezés (a part mallyát turbikálja) vagy annak valamely alakváltozata. A variánsokban mind a főnévi rész (mallyát ~ mályát ~ malját ~ majját), mind az igei komponens (turbikál ~ turbokol) vonatkozásában van ingadozás, s a szerkesztők nem adják meg a fordulat értelmét sem. A tanulmányban az összetevők jelentésének felderítésével sikerült feltárni a szókapcsolat értelmét. Eszerint aki a part mallyát / maját turbikálja, az nem pusztán a sekély vízben igyekszik tapogatva halászni, hanem a mély vízben a part menti üregeket is felzavarva igyekszik a halakat a hálóba terelni és megfogni. Mivel itt átvitt értelemről van szó, a fordulat valódi értelme az, hogy valaki nem pusztán felületesen végzi munkáját, hanem igazán alaposan. További kérdés azonban, hogy valódi, mások által is használt szólással állunk-e szemben, vagy pedig csak Pázmány egyéni alkotásával. A szerző inkább ez utóbbira hajlik, annak ellenére, hogy a 19. században számos frazeológiai gyűjtemény felveszi a szólások közé, ám egyelőre csak Pázmány Öt levél című munkájából és ezekből a későbbi gyűjteményekből sikerült adatolni.
Démocratie et croissance economique : Une analyse comparative entre pays francophones et anglophones d’Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Abdoulaye Dramane
Published: January 2025

Objectif : L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les canaux de transmission des effets de la démocratie sur la croissance économique à travers une analyse comparative entre dix-huit pays francophones et dix-huit pays anglophones d’Afrique subsaharienne.
Conception/méthodologie/approche : L’approche adoptée à consister à établir un système d’équations simultanées estimé par la technique des triples moindres carrés en utilisant des données de panel sur la période 2000–2017.
Résultats : Les résultats montrent que d’un côté, la démocratie exerce un effet positif sur la croissance économique à travers le canal des dépenses publiques et un effet négatif sur la croissance à travers le canal de la corruption dans les pays francophones. De l’autre côté, les résultats révèlent que la démocratie influence positivement la croissance économique à travers le canal des dépenses publiques et celui des investissements dans les pays anglophones. Par ailleurs, l’analyse conforte l’idée selon laquelle les pays anglophones connaissent plus de progrès économique contrairement aux pays francophones grâce au fonctionnement de leur système démocratique.
Originalité/valeur : L’originalité réside dans l’analyse de l’effet mitigé de la démocratie sur la croissance économique en faisant la différence entre les groupes de pays francophones et anglophones d’Afrique subsaharienne. L’article a permis de suggérer des actions en termes de renforcement des institutions pour un meilleur fonctionnement de la démocratie dans les pays africains francophones comme anglophones.
Legal Transplants, Legal Survivals, and Legal Revivals: Towards a Reconceptualisation of The Circulation of Legal Forms in Time and Space
Authors: Mańko Rafał
Published: January 2025

When Alan Watson introduced, back in the 1970s, the concept of a legal transplant, also known as a legal transfer, he revolutionised comparative law and comparative legal history by showing that most of legal development takes place through borrowing. However, his notion of a legal transplant conflates two quite different realities: on the one hand, the borrowing of legal forms from other, simultaneously existing legal systems (such as the transplant of the Swiss Civil Code to Atatürk’s Turkey) and, on the other hand, the rediscovery of old legal forms and their “borrowing” from long defunct legal systems (such as the rediscovery of Justinian’s Corpus Iuris Civilis by medieval lawyers in Western Europe, and the infusion of Roman ideas about contract law into existing customary rules). Although there are certain formal similarities between the two phenomena, this article will argue that they should not be conflated, especially given the sharp socio-legal difference between borrowing from a living legal system (with a functioning judiciary and legal academia) and the cultural appropriation of historical legal material for contemporary legal purposes. In this vein, the present paper – drawing on Theo Mayer-Maly’s concept of “return of juridical figures” and Tomasz Giaro’s concept of a legal “resurrection” or “borrowing from the past” – proposes to introduce a new notion of “legal revivals” and carefully delimits them from legal transplants, on the one hand, and legal survivals, on the other. One of the characteristic features of legal revivals is the use of the resources of legal history for the purposes of contemporary legal innovation.
Frequent Phraseology as Pointers to Evaluation in Judicial Opinions: A Corpus-Driven Comparative Perspective
Authors: Goźdź-Roszkowski Stanisław
Published: January 2025

Using Sketch Engine to explore two sets of data, a corpus of US Supreme Court opinions and a corpus of opinions from Poland’s Trybunał Konstytucyjny (in literal translation: Constitutional Tribunal), this paper explores the use of evaluative language in the context of judicial justification. Adopting a corpus-driven approach, the analysis has shown that a number of 3-4-grams are found in co-occurrence patterns with value-laden lexis in both the SCOTUS and the Constitutional Tribunal justifications. In semantic terms, these expressions have been found to serve as pointers to evaluation and as clues to the textual segments where argumentation unfolds. The scrutiny of the relevant co-texts has revealed that these phrases tend to be utilized as building blocks of judicial discourse to help frame interpretive and argumentative concerns.