bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STATE MIGRATION POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: FEATURES OF EXTERNAL MIGRATION IN THE POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, BURDA M.A.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the features of one of the most significant areas of Russian migration policy - external migration, in the context of the lifting of restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the statistical information published by the executive authorities, it was possible to analyze data on external migration for 2022 and 2023, which allows us to affirmatively speak not only about the recovery in the volume of external migration characteristic of the period 2018-2019, but also about the existing trends in the increase in external migrations, primarily from Central Asian states. Such trends are due to the high level of migration attractiveness of modern Russia, which is characterized by the peculiarities of the migration regime implemented within the framework of existing international agreements with the Central Asian states of the post-Soviet space, concluded back in the 1990s, but also by certain provisions of the national migration legislation, which forms a special level of migration preferences for citizens of such states. At the same time, the migration system of the Russian Federation has several levels of implementation of migration policy, which allows, with the effective use of existing legal mechanisms at the regional level, to ensure the solution of the tasks of managing migration processes, in order to prevent a number of migration risks of mass external migration, namely replacement migration of the local population, the formation of places of compact residence of foreigners, the development of diasporas, the criminalization of immigrant communities, as well as the creation of tension in the labor market.
RUSSIA AND CHINA IN THE INTERNATIONAL DIGITAL DOMAIN
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation, LIU J. , PAVLOV D.V.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the research. The article discusses interaction of Russia and China in the digital space and its impact on international relations. The purpose of the study is to analyze the strategies of Russian Federation and China in the digital technologies sphere, including cybersecurity, data protection and digital sovereignty. It is important to predict trends and potential changes in the international digital space, taking into account the growing influence of Russia and China, as well as their possible strategies in the world scene. Results. As a result of the research, the authors come to the conclusion that in the context of an increasingly multipolarity, Russia and China are seeking to expand their influence in the international digital space, which implies the use of various strategies aimed at strengthening their role in the global technology ecosystem. The authors conclude that cooperation between Russia and China in the digital sphere is becoming increasingly close, which can become a significant factor in changing the balance of power in global politics. Both states, using their unique governance models and approaches to digital technologies, have the opportunity to influence the formation of international norms and rules in this area. The study findings highlight the importance of public policy in identifying key challenges and risks associated with digital cooperation between Russia and China, including cyberattacks, data leaks and privacy issues.
CURRENT ASPECTS OF THE IMPACT ON THE FORMATION OF FINANCIALLY LITERATE BEHAVIOR OF RUSSIAN YOUTH IN THE CONTEXT OF SANCTIONS PRESSURE
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, DIAGHILEV V.V. , DANILOVA M.R.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the study. Research of aspects of more literate behavior of young people in financial activities. The article examines the current aspects of the impact on the formation of financially literate behavior of Russian youth under the conditions of sanctions pressure. It is noted that in these conditions, the role of a sociologist is increasing in the need to provide various government structures with real information on various problems of society, and primarily in the financial sphere. The authors emphasize that “sustainable improvement of the quality and standard of living of citizens requires improving financial literacy and the formation of a financial culture, ensuring the financial well-being of citizens, their conscious use of financial products and services, reasonable financial decision-making, investment and risk management”. The work emphasizes that today the level of financial literacy and financial culture among young people is not at the proper level. At the same time, the financial culture of young people shows positive growth, and there are significant prospects for its further improvement. The article proposes a number of measures to improve the financial culture of young people, create a favorable environment for the development of optimal financial behavior of young people. Findings. The paper concludes that in order to form a full-fledged financially literate behavior of young people, it is necessary to develop not only financial literacy and financial culture, but also to contribute to the formation of a genuine value world in the process of personal socialization.
INTERDEPENDENCE OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CHANGES: RISCOGENIC POTENTIAL
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, SHABROV O.F.
Published: September 2024

The article considers the risk-generating potential of changes occurring in the subsystems of modern social systems in their interaction with the natural and spiritual environment. The systemic representation of the structure of social systems developed by T. Parsons is used. The risks associated with global processes that conflict with the established approaches to the organization of material production and reproduction of cultural samples are shown. An analysis of the risks associated with the discrepancy between the interests of the groups of the social subsystem formed in the process of functioning of the economic subsystem and the cultural subsystem is given. The functions of the political subsystem to reduce the severity of these risks are revealed, as well as the risks arising in connection with the ineffective performance of these functions by the political system. Conclusions are formulated based on the analysis of modern political processes in Russia and the West. It is shown that there are objective and subjective factors reducing the effectiveness of the performance of the main functions by the subsystems of society, giving rise to significant risks of its destabilization.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE VS HUMAN MIND
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, NAUMOV A.V.
Published: September 2024

In this scientific work, the author briefly analyzes some current problems of philosophical rethinking of the relationship between artificial intelligence and the human mind. To do this, the author briefly examines the essence, features, and advantages of introducing AI into practice, and focuses on the disadvantages of using such a tool in its various forms. Next, the author presents his own recommendations for implementing an effective philosophical rethinking of the relationship between artificial intelligence and the human mind. In conclusion, the author writes about the importance of carrying out such actions now, since there is a significant amount of work ahead, the relevance of which is becoming more and more obvious every day. The object of this scientific research is the current problems of philosophical rethinking of the relationship between artificial intelligence and the human mind. The purpose of this scientific research is a comprehensive, consistent analysis of current problems of philosophical rethinking of the relationship between artificial intelligence and the human mind. Methods of this scientific research: dialectical, comparative analysis, statistical, mathematical, generalization, concretization, systematization, deduction, other methods of theoretical and practical levels of scientific knowledge. The scientific novelty of this scientific research lies in the preparation of a comprehensive study, the formation of the author’s conclusions regarding current problems of philosophical rethinking of the relationship between artificial intelligence and the human mind. This scientific article will be useful to theorists, practitioners, students and teaching staff, as well as a wide range of readers interested in the problems and prospects for the development of ICT and AI in modern Russian and world practice, a philosophical rethinking of the relationship between man and AI in general.
REQUEST FOR CHANGES: PUBLIC EXPECTATIONS AND MODALITY OF PRESENTATION
Authors:   Institute of Sociology - Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, NIKOVSKAYA L.I. ,   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the results of long-term sociological studies of the peculiarities of the transformation of Russian society associated with the growing public demand for change, the modality of which has not decreased for a long time. It is shown that this is due to increased social activism associated with “helping behavior”, mutual assistance and cooperation. This allowed us to understand that the administrative and bureaucratic class has built convenient “capsules” for itself, blocking the development of a natural, from the point of view of common sense, business and civic initiative of society, allowing its members to participate in making socially significant decisions. The society is set up to improve the institutional infrastructure of social development, first of all, to reduce the degree of corruption, alienation of the population from power, unblocking channels for promoting and realizing public interests. In addition, the problem of people’s dissatisfaction with the growing polarization of social incomes is being raised, which reduces the quality of social policy in terms of improving demographic indicators, increasing social upward mobility based on meritocratic principles, and improving the structure of social and labor motivation. This exacerbates the sense of social justice, which, when blocked, can lead to negative social consequences, forming “combustible material” and, accordingly, the risks of unconventional social actions associated with social explosions and revolutionary consequences of expressing discontent. It is shown that at the moment the majority of the population is set up in a reformist way, since they are only getting rid of the neurotic syndrome after the coronavirus pandemic and the onset of SMO. A certain energy impulse for change is also set by consolidated public opinion associated with the “rewiring” of Russian society along the line of differentiation from Western universalist approaches, the search for its own civilizational and cultural code of development, the revival of neotraditionalist narratives of the formation of a value-symbolic framework of public consciousness.
SOCIAL MOOD OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY AS A MARKER OF SOCIO-POLITICAL CHANGES IN CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Political Research of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPR FCTAS RAS), SASHCHENKO N.P.
Published: September 2024

Based on the analysis of monitoring research data, the article proposes a view of social mood as a marker of socio-political changes, including a socio-psychological mechanism of adaptation to a traumatic period of uncertainty. Based on the data of the Institute of Socio-Political Problems of the Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences and in comparison with the results of studies by leading analytical centers of the country, the psychological state of Russian society is characterized, in particular, the dynamics of social mood over the past three years through the prism of emotional and rational indicators: an assessment of the current situation in the country, the dynamics of social expectations, the direction of social optimism, the spectrum of the problem field of Russians, an assessment of the perception of power, political loyalty and political alienation, political participation. The mobility and variability of social mood is presented in the values of its intensity and the vector of changes. The interdependence of the tonal and subject socio-political orientation of social mood is revealed. A conclusion is made about the positive tonality and restrained right-center political orientation of the social mood of Russian society. At the same time, the accumulation in social memory of the result of reflexive orientation toward social changes forms in the mass consciousness a potential source of both obstacles and opportunities for the transformation of social memory. The question is raised about the direction of such transformation, about the possible mutual influence of social mood, socio-political practices, changes in the structure of social memory depending on the socio-political context and time.
PULSE TUNNELING EFFECT. FEATURES INTERACTION WITH SUBSTANCE
Authors:   Institute of Materials Science of the SPA “Physics-Sun” of the Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, RAKHIMOV R.KH. , YERMAKOV V.P.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the phenomenon of pulsed tunneling effect and its application to various processes, including laser radiation generation and hydrogen production from water vapor. Various mechanisms of laser operation, in particular the CO2 laser, are considered, and it is assumed that the pulsed tunnel effect can explain their high efficiency. The interaction of the pulsed tunnel effect with matter and the possibility of its use to increase the efficiency of various processes, including the synthesis of environmentally friendly hydrogen, are analyzed.
FEATURES OF THE ITE-BASED POLYMERIZATION PROCESS
Authors:   Institute of Materials Science of the SPA “Physics-Sun” of the Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, RAKHIMOV R.KH. , YERMAKOV V.P.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the application of the pulsed tunnel effect for obtaining polymeric materials. The main polymerization processes are analyzed, as well as the disadvantages of traditional technologies. The advantages of using the pulse tunnel effect to increase the efficiency of polymerization are considered. Examples of successful application of the method for obtaining hydrogen and paint coatings are given. The prospects for further development of research in this area are considered, including the development of pulse generator materials and innovative polymeric materials.
PULSE TUNNEL EFFECT: PROSPECTS FOR SCALING PHOTOCATALYSTS
Authors:   Institute of Materials Science of the SPA “Physics-Sun” of the Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, RAKHIMOV R.KH. , PANKOV V.V. ,   Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, YERMAKOV V.P. , SAIDVALIEV T.S. , RASHIDOV ZH.KH , RAKHIMOV M.R. , RASHIDOV KH.K.
Published: September 2024

The paper presents the results of the study of the synthesis and comparative analysis of film-ceramic composites based on functional ceramics obtained by various methods, including thermomechanochemical and sol-gel methods. The influence of activation of the obtained materials by the pulse tunnel effect on their structure and properties is analyzed. Data on the development of plants under composite films in comparison with the control are presented.
THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE RELIABILITY OF MULTIPROCESSOR COMPUTING SYSTEMS FUNCTIONING
Authors:   Academician Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, TERSKOV V.A. , SAKASH I.YU. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

For the widespread use of information technology in the organization’s business process, which will be aimed at optimizing work and leading to increased productivity and profitability, quality software is needed. Consequently, the design and production of new software (software) requires an accurate analysis of its technical characteristics and, on this basis, will remain one of the pressing tasks in the field of information technology. Therefore, the article discusses an approach for assessing and improving the basic parameters of effective software operation. Reliability, to ensure the required performance, is the main criterion of operation, since it is the ability of a software product to reliably perform specified functions under specified conditions for the required period of time with a sufficiently high probability. The problem of software reliability deserves more and more attention due to the continuous complication of the systems being created, the increase in the range of tasks assigned to them, and, as a conclusion, a significant increase in the complexity and volume of software. New versions are used for those software modules that may experience software failures. To implement the proposed approach, a mathematical model for assessing software reliability is provided. Formulas are presented that are used to calculate the complex reliability parameters of the system under consideration. Relevant examples are shown. For this purpose, the Markov service model was used, that is, the study of queuing systems using a Markov process, which has a discrete set of states. The process of functioning of a multiprocessor computing complex consisting of identical processors is represented by a closed queuing system with waiting.
AN AUTOMATED APPROACH TO SELECTING SENTENCES FOR TEST CASE GENERATION
Authors:   Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) of Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russian Federation, MASLOVA M.A.
Published: September 2024

The modern field of education is characterized by the increasing use of multiple choice tests to assess students’ knowledge and skills. One of the common methods of selecting sentences for such tests is the application of textual data clustering procedures. In this study, a module for sentence selection was developed that includes three steps: preprocessing, sentence parameter computation, and clustering. However, an objective evaluation of the quality of the obtained clusters using the silhouette coefficient and Davis-Boldin index showed that the clustering model used did not give satisfactory results.
IMPLEMENTATION OF RPA BOTS IN COLD SUPPLY CHAIN LOGISTICS
Authors:   Russian Biotechnological University (ROSBIOTECH), Moscow, Russian Federation, MEDVEDEV A.V. , MEDVEDEV A.A. , KIREYCHENKOV N.S.
Published: September 2024

Due to the significant use of low-temperature logistics in the transportation of perishable goods, the demand for the cold chain has increased. To ensure delivery efficiency and reduce damage, logistics companies should monitor the status of deliveries over short time intervals. Tracking the delivery status is a time-consuming, resource-intensive, inefficient and repetitive process. Therefore, robotic Process Automation (RPA) applications have attracted the attention of practitioners in the cold chain logistics industry. By studying the workflow of cold chain logistics, this study helps to identify possible areas that require automation. As part of the case study, the performance of two automatic RPA robots used in a forwarding company to check the condition of cargo and temperature conditions was tested and evaluated. The results showed that the introduction of RPA into the workflow significantly reduces data processing time.
MODEL FOR DATA OBJECTS SELECTION BY SEARCH IMAGE FOR INTELLIGENT RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS
Authors:   National Research University “Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology (MIET)”, Moscow, Russian Federation, NIKOLAEV K.S. , GAGARINA L.G.
Published: September 2024

The research is conducted to develop and analyze an object filtering model for intelligent recommender systems. The main objective is to solve the problem of orientation in the vast amounts of information accumulated by mankind. The aim of the research is to create an effective tool for systematization and knowledge management, which in turn contributes to the optimization of decision-making processes and interaction with data. The paper focuses on the research and development of an object filtering model for intelligent recommender systems. Within the methodology and research area, the developed model is described in detail and the theoretical and practical aspects of the methodology are analyzed. In this paper, a variant of the problem statement of the research and development of an object filtering model for intelligent recommender systems is presented. In addition, the paper deconstructs the second stage of this problem, emphasizing its importance in the context of achieving system performance. The results of the study are analyzed in detail, highlighting the key points and features of the proposed model. The scope of the study is reviewed, detailing the prospects of applying the results in scientific and practical applications, providing the reader with a deeper understanding of the potential of the proposed model. The object filtering model has a high potential of usefulness for business and manufacturing. This work will be useful for developers and researchers of recommender systems in which users rarely or never interact with the same object.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT RUSSIA IN THE LONG TERM
Authors:   University «Synergy», Moscow, Russian Federation, PRICHINA O.S. , OREKHOV V.D. ,   International Institute of Management LINK, Zhukovsky, Russian Federation, BLINNIKOVA A.V. ,   State University of Management, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the economic weight of Russia and its large neighboring countries (Japan, Germany, Turkey, and Poland) until the end of the 21st century. The primary research method is a systematic comparative analysis of key aspects influencing economic development. The analytical model is based on the dominant influence of human capital on economic dynamics. Among Russia's large neighboring countries, during the period from 2005 to 2023, Japan exhibited the slowest GDP growth by PPP with an exponential trend (3.0 times slower), followed by Poland (1.64 times slower) and Germany (1.4 times slower). Turkey's GDP growth by PPP was 27% higher than that of Russia, which outpaced the global average growth rate by approximately 16%. Russia's unexpected move from 6th to 4th place in the world by GDP in PPP terms is a result of the economy's heavy dependence on oil prices and a series of oil price crises in 2008, 2014, and 2020, which obscured the real growth of the Russian economy. It has been shown that periods of convergence in GDP by PPP between Russia and large neighboring countries (mainly Germany) have repeatedly coincided with military conflicts. These include the War of 1812, World Wars I and II, the Russia-Georgia conflict (2008), and others. In terms of population size, which is the most important factor in GDP growth, Russia has slightly outpaced Japan over the last 35 years (by 16.5% in 2023). Going forward, Japan's population will decline rapidly compared to Russia. The fastest-growing neighboring country, Turkey, will reach the closest point of convergence with Russia in population size by 2060, after which the gap will begin to widen. In terms of the proportion of the population with tertiary education (DT), Russia (57%) is ahead of the neighboring countries under consideration, but Russia's DT growth over the last 20 years has been only 3%, which is a significant problem.
TERRITORY'S INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM: TOOLS FOR MANAGING DEVELOPMENT IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, GILEVA T.A. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

Purpose of the study. The innovation ecosystem of the territory was set to be the format of adaptation of the regional innovation system to the digital environment. This management model is rapidly developing, based on the generalization of empirical experience and multidirectional theoretical research. However, the diversity of management concepts requires building a logical relationship in terms of their application to ensure the successful operation of the ecosystem. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to substantiate management approaches and tools that contribute to improving the performance of the territory's innovation ecosystem in the digital environment. Conclusions. It is proposed to use the model for assessing its maturity as an information basis for managing the development of the territory's innovation ecosystem. A comparative analysis of approaches to the assessment of ecosystem maturity has been carried out. The key aspects of assessment are defined, and the expediency of building a structured dynamic complex of assessment models is substantiated. Promising models of ecosystem management (hybrid orchestration, multi-orchestration, multi-tier orchestration) are identified, which allow for non-hierarchical coordination of relatively independent partners in the process of creating a common value. The landscape of trajectories of possible development of the innovation ecosystem of the territory is constructed, which defines a controlled transition between possible states depending on the ratio of maturity levels of each of the participants and the ecosystem as a whole. The importance of taking risks into account for the possibility of realizing the optimal development trajectory is emphasized. A methodological approach to ecosystem risk assessment is proposed, combining: 1) a map of risks of the territory's innovation ecosystem, structured by life cycle stages and management level (an individual participant and the ecosystem as a whole), 2) risk ranking based on the assessment of their impact on the performance indicators of the territory's innovation ecosystem.
Trust in the Judiciary and Partisan Reactions to Judicial Checks: Evidence from Argentina
Authors: Gandur Martín
Published: September 2024

How does judicial behavior influence public support for the judiciary? I argue that judicial checks on the government shape citizens’ attitudes about judicial institutions at large, but these effects are driven by instrumental considerations, namely partisanship. I suggest that salient judicial checks—as instances of interbranch conflicts—provide citizens with instrumental information that shapes their beliefs about the judiciary. I hypothesize that court rulings limiting the government’s power undermine support for the judiciary among individuals aligned with the incumbent, but increase support among opposition sympathizers. I exploit the timing of two judicial decisions in Argentina, which invalidated a salient judicial reform promoted by the government in 2013. Using data from a survey fielded before and after the rulings, I show that the decisions significantly decreased government supporters’ trust in the judiciary, while opposition supporters increased their trust. Suggestive evidence provides support for the proposed mechanism—that judicial checks expose citizens to instrumental information.
Effects of Core Competitiveness on Strategic Alliance and Alliance Performance in Medical Device Industry
Authors: ZHANG Xuwei , XI Dehua
Published: September 2024

Along with the progress of economic development, the enhancement of national income, and the trend of population ageing in past years, people are annually increasing the medical expenses and enhancing the demands for medical devices. Being a part of healthcare, the requirements for the product safety and quality of medical devices are rather high. Manufacturers in the world therefore have to work hard to promote the competitiveness, attempting to achieve corporate goals and supply the best products to medical profession. Core competition combined resources are the sign of competitive advantage. Firms would build excellent competitive advantage through important resource combinations. A company tending to create competitiveness as well as build and lead new markets has to make investment earlier and continuously, apply the imagination to predict, develop, and investigate markets which have not been existed. The research focused on supervisors and employees in the medical device industry. The results reveal notable and positive effects of core competitiveness on strategic alliance and alliance performance, the understanding of how medical device firms apply strategic behavior in the competitive strategic means to reinforce the resource acquisition capability, and the reference for building the competitive advantage after strategic alliance and drafting appropriate competitive strategies for the business management of a domestic firm in medical device industry. It is expected to propose more specific suggestions for firms in medical device industry using core competitiveness in strategic alliance and dedicating to the promotion of competitive advantage.
Exploring John Searle’s Analysis of Intentional Satisfaction: Sociological Implications for the Concept of Intentionality
Authors: LAN Mei , SHI Yumin , ZHANG You
Published: September 2024

This paper delves into the concept of intentionality, which is deeply ingrained in the representation of consciousness, and its significance in comprehending human behavior and societal dynamics. Specifically, it examines John Searle’s analysis of intentional satisfaction and contrasts it with the theory of Intentionality put forth by Husserl. Searle’s perspective, particularly his exploration of conditions of satisfaction and intentional consciousness, sheds light on the intersection of the mind and reality. At the heart of Searle’s framework lies the crucial connection between intentional satisfaction and causal experience, advocating for a naturalistic philosophical standpoint. By delving into these intricacies, the paper aims to uncover sociological implications for comprehending intentionality within the framework of social structures and interactions. Searle’s examination of intentional satisfaction offers insights into how individuals attribute meaning to their actions and experiences, shaping their understanding of the world around them. Furthermore, by juxtaposing Searle’s ideas with Husserl’s theory, the paper highlights the diverse philosophical perspectives on intentionality and underscores the complexity of this concept. Moreover, by exploring the relationship between intentional satisfaction and causal experience, Searle’s framework suggests a nuanced understanding of the mechanisms underlying human behavior. This understanding not only enriches philosophical discourse but also has profound implications for fields such as psychology and sociology. In conclusion, this paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on intentionality by offering a comparative analysis of Searle’s perspective with that of Husserl, while also emphasizing the sociological implications of understanding intentionality within social contexts. Through this exploration, we gain deeper insights into the intricate dynamics of consciousness representation and its role in shaping human behavior and societal interactions.
The Effects of Home-Based Walking on Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aygin Dilek , Gül Aysel
Published: September 2024

Objective: Home-based walking programs can be a good option for breast cancer patients with fatigue. However, studies on the effectiveness of home-based walking exercise programs have not fully defined proper exercise prescriptions that may be safe and beneficial for breast cancer patients, and their effects on fatigue are still controversial. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of home-based walking on fatigue management in patients with breast cancer.
Method: In this study, electronic databases such as Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Science, Medline, Science Direct, and Ebsco Ultimate were searched. The randomized controlled studies published between January 2002 and February 2022 were included in the study. The data were summarized narratively.
Results: Patients in the studies consisted of young individuals. The majority of their cancer stages ranged from I to III. A significant part of them received chemotherapy. Home-based walking was found to have positive effects on cancer-related fatigue in women with breast cancer. Home-based walking prescriptions were provided to patients through face-to-face or telephone counseling or printed learning materials. It was determined that the exercise frequency, duration and intensity of home-based walking programs varied in the studies.
Conclusion: Home-based walking was found to have positive effects on cancer-related fatigue in women with breast cancer. Therefore, home-based walking can be a simple, cost-effective and safe approach to women with breast cancer. The heterogeneity in reporting procedures suggests that further high-quality and uniform studies should be conducted to reach a stronger consensus on the effects of home-based walking program on fatigue.
Evaluation of the Association Between Sociodemographic Characteristics, Systemic Diseases and Oral Health in the Turkish Suppopulation: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Aktuğ Karademir Sultan , Karaaslan Eda , Atasoy Samet
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and systemic diseases with oral health in individuals aged 18-65 with the decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 367 volunteers aged 18-65 years. The sixty seven people who reported that they ate completely sugar-free and received orthodontic treatment were excluded from the study and 300 people (170 female/130 male; average age:38.64±14.19) were evaluated. The patients’ sociodemographic information (age, gender, education, brushing), systemic diseases, medication use and DMFT scores were recorded by the specialist researcher. Data were analyzed by using Kolmogorov Smirnov, Man Whitney-U, Kruskall Wallis test and Post-hoc Tamhane’s T2 test in SPPS software (22.0).
Results: The difference in DMFT score with sociodemographic information (age, education, brushing) other than gender was statistically significant (p< .05). DMFT score was found in asthma (12.39±5.17), cardiovascular disease (14.56±7.23) and diabetes (14.00±3.42); was significantly higher compared to healthy (9.39±3.67) people (p< .05). The difference between gastrointestinal disease, thyroid disease, kidney disease and healthy people wasn’t statistically significant (p> .05). However the mean DMFT score in kidney patients (9.00±2.85) was significantly lower compared to asthma, diabetes and cardiovascular disease (p< .05). DMFT score was significantly higher in people using medication (13.77±5.58) than in people not using medication (9.42±3.70)(p< .05).
Conclusion: Oral health may be negatively affected by some systemic diseases and drug use. In addition, sociodemographic characteristics have an important effect on oral health. The individual’s sociodemographic characteristics, systemic diseases and medication use should be evaluated in detail in treatment planning and oral health motivation.
Utveckling av undervisning för grundläggande AI-litteracitet i gymnasieskolans teknik- och programmeringskurser
Authors: Wickberg Hugerth Mattias , Elderstig Håkan
Published: September 2024

Generativ AI har satt hela samhället i gungning, och skolan kommer att behöva möta de nya behoven genom att rusta elever för att lära och verka i en värld med lättillgänglig artificiell intelligens (AI). I denna artikel presenterar vi ett utvecklingsprojekt om AI där ett undervisningsmoment designats, genomförts och utvärderats i två cykler i samverkan mellan lärare, forskare och IKT-pedagog. Utgångspunkten var att inom ramen för existerande läroplan och med begränsade resurser kunna ge gymnasieelever grundläggande kunskaper innan större initiativ kring AI-litteracitet eventuellt kommer på plats. Undervisningen har genomförts i kurserna Teknik 1, Teknik 2 och Programmering 1, och innefattar såväl teori om AI som praktiskt laborativa moment. Analyser av elevernas enkätsvar visar att de fick en mer nyanserad förståelse för AI och riskerna med AI, samt att de kände sig bättre rustade att använda AI på ett konstruktivt sätt.
Evil and Meaning in Life
Authors: Matheson David
Published: September 2024

In this paper I offer an argument for the thesis that evil activity, unlike its less extremely immoral counterparts, cannot endow the agent’s life with any measure of meaning. I first review two other important arguments for this thesis that can be drawn from the recent literature. I then articulate my own argument and show how it avoids the problems of these others. According to my argument, meaning-endowing activity cannot be of the worst sort, along any of the basic ways in which we evaluate activity, but evil activity is of the worst sort along one of these ways, namely, the moral one. Because it is grounded in a traditional concept of meaning for which there is much to be said, I note, my argument should hold broad appeal. I also note that my argument is consistent with various contemporary conceptions of evil activity.
Morpho-molecular identification of alkaline protease producing bacteria from municipal solid wastes in Bangladesh
Authors: Bhuiyan Farhana Rumzum , Emon Tanvir Hossain , Motaleb Md. Abdul
Published: September 2024

Alkaline proteases have become important enzymes that find widespread use in diverse industrial applications. This research was aimed to isolate alkaline protease producing bacterial isolates from protein-based waste. In the current study, proteolytic bacteria were isolated and screened from protein-based wastes. Depending upon the maximum relative diameter of the clear zones, 3 isolates were selected for identification by culturing at alkaline (pH 9) media. The selected isolates were identified as G+ve Firmicutes (isolate 1) and G-ve proteobacteria (isolate 2 & 3) based on cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. The 16S rDNA was amplified through polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing. Due to insufficient sequence length, first isolate has not been identified at molecular level. Isolate 2 and 3 have been identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas hibiscicola by using different bioinformatics tools. Our study revealed that the bacterial extracellular alkaline protease can be produced from selected bacterial strains which might be potential for industrial and biotechnological applications.
Integrated multi-omics profiling reveals the ZZZ3/CD70 axis is a super-enhancer-driven regulator of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell-natural killer cell interactions
Authors: Li Xi , Cui Juya , Wang Liao , Cao Caihong , Liu Hu
Published: September 2024

Tumor immune microenvironment is crucial for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) development. However, the mechanisms by which super-enhancers (SEs) regulate the interactions between DLBCL cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of SE-controlled genes in regulating the interactions between DLBCL cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Single-cell RNA-seq, bulk RNA-seq and H3K27ac ChIP-seq data were downloaded from the Heidelberg Open Research Data database and Gene Expression Omnibus database. HOMER algorithm and Seurat package in R were used for bioinformatics analysis. Cell proliferation and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was detected by MTS and LDH release assays, respectively. Interaction between B cell cluster and CD8+ T cell and NK cell cluster was most obviously enhanced in DLBCL, with CD70-CD27, MIF-CD74/CXCR2 complex, MIF-CD74/CD44 complex and CCL3-CCR5 interactions were significantly increased. NK cell sub-cluster showed the strongest interaction with B cell cluster. ZZZ3 upregulated the transcription of CD70 by binding to its SE. Silencing CD70 in DOHH2 cells significantly promoted the proliferation of co-cultured NK92 cells and LDH release from DOHH2 cells, which was counteracted by ZZZ3 overexpression in DOHH2 cells. CD70 silencing combined with PD-L1 blockade promoted LDH release from DOHH2 cells co-cultured with NK92 cells. In conclusion, DLBCL cells inhibited the proliferation and killing of infiltrating NK cells by regulating ZZZ3/CD70 axis. Targeting ZZZ3/CD70 axis combined with PD-L1 blockade is expected to be a promising strategy for DLBCL treatment.
Muscle recruitment during gait in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation due to trauma compared to able-bodied controls
Authors: Benton Alice M. , Toderita Diana , Egginton Natalie L. , Liu Sirui , Amiri Pouya , Sherman Kate , Bennett Alexander N. , Bull Anthony M. J.
Published: September 2024

Individuals with transfemoral lower limb amputations walk with adapted gait. These kinetic and kinematic compensatory strategies will manifest as differences in muscle recruitment patterns. It is important to characterize these differences to understand the reduced endurance, reduced functionality, and progression of co-morbidities in this population. This study aims to characterize muscle recruitment during gait of highly functional individuals with traumatic transfemoral amputations donning state-of-the-art prosthetics compared to able-bodied controls. Inverse dynamic and static optimisation methods of musculoskeletal modelling were used to quantify muscle forces of the residual and intact limb over a gait cycle for 11 individuals with traumatic transfemoral amputation and for 11 able-bodied controls. Estimates of peak muscle activation and impulse were calculated to assess contraction intensity and energy expenditure. The generalized estimation equation method was used to compare the maximum values of force, peak activation, and impulse of the major muscles. The force exhibited by the residual limb’s iliacus, psoas major, adductor longus, tensor fasciae latae and pectineus is significantly higher than the forces in these muscles of the intact contralateral limb group and the able-bodied control group (p < 0.001). These muscles appear to be recruited for their flexor moment arm, indicative of the increased demand due to the loss of the plantar flexors. The major hip extensors are recruited to a lesser degree in the residual limb group compared to the intact limb group (p < 0.001). The plantar flexors of the intact limb appear to compensate for the amputated limb with significantly higher forces compared to the able-bodied controls (p = 0.01). Significant differences found in impulse and peak activation consisted of higher values for the limbs (residual and/or intact) of individuals with transfemoral lower limb amputations compared to the able-bodied controls, demonstrating an elevated cost of gait. This study highlights asymmetry in hip muscle recruitment between the residual and the intact limb of individuals with transfemoral lower limb amputations. Overall elevated impulse and peak activation in the limbs of individuals with transfemoral amputation, compared to able-bodied controls, may manifest in the reduced walking endurance of this population. This demand should be minimised in rehabilitation protocols.
Progress in antibacterial applications of nanozymes
Authors: Zhao Keyuan , Zhao Ye , Wang Yuwei , Han Bo , Lian Meiling
Published: September 2024

Bacterial infections are a growing problem, and antibiotic drugs can be widely used to fight bacterial infections. However, the overuse of antibiotics and the evolution of bacteria have led to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, severely reducing the effectiveness of treatment. Therefore, it is very important to develop new effective antibacterial strategies to fight multi-drug resistant bacteria. Nanozyme is a kind of enzyme-like catalytic nanomaterials with unique physical and chemical properties, high stability, structural diversity, adjustable catalytic activity, low cost, easy storage and so on. In addition, nanozymes also have excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and good biocompatibility, showing broad application prospects in the field of antibacterial. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress of antibacterial application of nanozymes. At first, the antibacterial mechanism of nanozymes was summarized, and then the application of nanozymes in antibacterial was introduced. Finally, the challenges of the application of antibacterial nanozymes were discussed, and the development prospect of antibacterial nanozymes was clarified.
Neisseria meningitidis activates pyroptotic pathways in a mouse model of meningitis: role of a two-partner secretion system
Authors: Pagliuca Chiara , Colicchio Roberta , Resta Silvia Caterina , Talà Adelfia , Scaglione Elena , Mantova Giuseppe , Continisio Leonardo , Pagliarulo Caterina , Bucci Cecilia , Alifano Pietro , Salvatore Paola
Published: September 2024

There is evidence that in infected cells in vitro the meningococcal HrpA/HrpB two-partner secretion system (TPS) mediates the exit of bacteria from the internalization vacuole and the docking of bacteria to the dynein motor resulting in the induction of pyroptosis. In this study we set out to study the role of the HrpA/HrpB TPS in establishing meningitis and activating pyroptotic pathways in an animal model of meningitis using a reference serogroup C meningococcal strain, 93/4286, and an isogenic hrpB knockout mutant, 93/4286ΩhrpB. Survival experiments confirmed the role of HrpA/HrpB TPS in the invasive meningococcal disease. In fact, the ability of the hrpB mutant to replicate in brain and spread systemically was impaired in mice infected with hrpB mutant. Furthermore, western blot analysis of brain samples during the infection demonstrated that: i. N. meningitidis activated canonical and non-canonical inflammasome pyroptosis pathways in the mouse brain; ii. the activation of caspase-11, caspase-1, and gasdermin-D was markedly reduced in the hrpB mutant; iii. the increase in the amount of IL-1β and IL-18, which are an important end point of pyroptosis, occurs in the brains of mice infected with the wild-type strain 93/4286 and is strongly reduced in those infected with 93/4286ΩhrpB. In particular, the activation of caspase 11, which is triggered by cytosolic lipopolysaccharide, indicates that during meningococcal infection pyroptosis is induced by intracellular infection after the exit of the bacteria from the internalizing vacuole, a process that is hindered in the hrpB mutant. Overall, these results confirm, in an animal model, that the HrpA/HrpB TPS plays a role in the induction of pyroptosis and suggest a pivotal involvement of pyroptosis in invasive meningococcal disease, paving the way for the use of pyroptosis inhibitors in the adjuvant therapy of the disease.