bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Continuous Fish Muscle Cell Line with Capacity for Myogenic and Adipogenic-like Phenotypes
Authors: Saad Michael K , Yuen John SK , Joyce Connor M , Li Xinxin , Lim Taehwan , Wolfson Talia L , Wu Justin , Laird Jason , Vissapragada Sanjana , Calkins Olivia P , Ali Adham , Kaplan David L
Published: August 2022

Cell-cultivated fish offers the potential for a more ethical, sustainable, and safe seafood system. However, fish cell culture is relatively understudied in comparison to mammalian cells. Here, we established and characterized a continuous Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) skeletal muscle cell line (“Mack” cells). The cells were isolated from muscle biopsies of fresh-caught fish, with separate isolations performed from two distinct fish. Mack1 cells (cells from the first isolation) were cultured for over a year and subcultured over 130 times. The cells proliferated at initial doubling times of 63.9 hr (± 19.1 SD). After a spontaneous immortalization crisis from passages 37-43, the cells proliferated at doubling times of 24.3 hr (± 4.91 SD). A muscle phenotype was confirmed through characterization of muscle stemness and differentiation via paired-box protein 7 (PAX7) and myosin heavy chain (MHC) immunostaining, respectively. An adipocyte-like phenotype was also demonstrated for the cells through lipid accumulation, confirmed via Oil Red O (ORO) staining and quantification of neutral lipids. New qPCR primers (HPRT, PAX3B, MYOD1, MYOG, TNNT3A, and PPARG) were tailored to the mackerel genome and used to characterize mackerel cell genotypes. This work provides the first spontaneously immortalized fish muscle cell line for research, ideally serving as a reference for subsequent investigation.
An Alzheimer’s disease patient-derived olfactory cell model identifies gene expression changes associated with cognition
Authors: Rantanen Laura M. , Bitar Maina , Lampinen Riikka , Stewart Romal , Quek Hazel , Oikari Lotta E. , Cunί-Lόpez Carla , Sutharsan Ratneswary , Thillaiyampalam Gayathri , Iqbal Jamila , Russell Daniel , Penttilä Elina , Löppönen Heikki , Lehtola Juha-Matti , Saari Toni , Hannonen Sanna , Koivisto Anne M , Haupt Larisa M. , Mackay-Sim Alan , Cristino Alexandre S. , Kanninen Katja M. , White Anthony R.
Published: August 2022

An early symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an impaired sense of smell, for which the molecular basis remains elusive. Here, we generated human olfactory neurosphere-derived (ONS) cells from people with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and performed global RNA sequencing to determine gene expression changes. ONS cells expressed markers of neuroglial differentiation, providing a unique cellular model to explore early AD-associated disease pathways. Our transcriptomics data from ONS cells revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with cognitive processes in AD cells compared to MCI, or matched healthy controls (HC). A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 6 (AKAP6) was the most significantly altered gene in AD compared to both MCI and HC, and has been linked to cognitive function. The greatest change in gene expression of all DEGs occurred between AD and MCI. Gene pathway analysis revealed defects in multiple cellular processes with aging, intellectual deficiency and alternative splicing being the most significantly dysregulated in AD ONS cells. Our results demonstrate that ONS cells can provide a cellular model for AD that recapitulates disease-associated differences. We have revealed potential novel genes, including AKAP6 that may have a role in AD, particularly MCI to AD transition, and should be further examined.
SARS-CoV-2 infects multiple species of North American deer mice and causes clinical disease in the California mouse
Authors: Lewis Juliette , Zhan Shijun , Vilander Allison C. , Fagre Anna C. , Kiaris Hippokratis , Schountz Tony
Published: August 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), emerged in late 2019 in Wuhan, China and its rapid global spread has resulted in millions of deaths. An important public health consideration is the potential for SARS-CoV-2 to establish endemicity in a secondary animal reservoir outside of Asia or acquire adaptations that result in new variants with the ability to evade the immune response and reinfect the human population. Previous work has shown that North American deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) are susceptible and can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to naïve conspecifics, indicating its potential to serve as a wildlife reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 in North America. In this study, we report experimental SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility of two additional subspecies of the North American deer mouse and two additional deer mouse species, with infectious virus and viral RNA present in oral swabs and lung tissue of infected deer mice and neutralizing antibodies present at 15 days post-challenge. Moreover, some of one species, the California mouse (P. californicus) developed clinical disease, including one that required humane euthanasia. California mice often develop spontaneous liver disease, which may serve as a comorbidity for SARS-CoV-2 severity. The results of this study suggest broad susceptibility of rodents in the genus Peromyscus and further emphasize the potential of SARS-CoV-2 to infect a wide array of North American rodents.

Importance

A significant concern is the spillback of SARS-CoV-2 into North American wildlife species. We have determined that several species of peromyscine rodents, the most abundant mammals in North America, are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and that infection is likely long enough that the virus may be able to establish persistence in local rodent populations. Strikingly, some California mice developed clinical disease that suggests this species may be useful for the study of human co-morbidities often associated with severe and fatal COVID-19 disease.
Rapid bilevel optimization to concurrently solve musculoskeletal scaling, marker registration, and inverse kinematic problems for human motion reconstruction
Authors: Werling Keenon , Raitor Michael , Stingel Jon , Hicks Jennifer L. , Collins Steve , Delp Scott L. , Liu C. Karen
Published: August 2022

Creating large-scale public datasets of human motion biomechanics could unlock data-driven breakthroughs in our understanding of human motion, neuromuscular diseases, and assistive devices. However, the manual effort currently required to process motion capture data is costly and limits the collection and sharing of large-scale biomechanical datasets. We present a method to automate and standardize motion capture data processing: bilevel optimization that is able to scale the body segments of a musculoskeletal model, register the locations of optical markers placed on an experimental subject to the markers on a musculoskeletal model, and compute body segment kinematics given trajectories of experimental markers during a motion. The optimization requires less than five minutes of computation to process a subject’s motion capture data, compared with about one day of manual work for a human expert. On a sample of 34 trials of experimental data, the root-mean-square marker reconstruction error (RMSE) was 1.38 cm, approximately 40% lower than the 2.58 cm achieved manually by 3 experts. Optimization solutions reconstructed known joint angle trajectories from four diverse motion trials of synthetic data to an average of 0.79 degrees RMSE. We have published an open source cloud service at AddBiomechanics.org to process experimental motion capture data, which is available at no cost and asks that users agree to share processed and de-identified data with the community. Reducing the barriers to processing and sharing high-quality human motion biomechanics data will enable more people to engage in state-of-the-art biomechanical analysis in their work, do so at lower cost, and share larger and more accurate datasets.

Author summary

Creating large-scale public datasets of human motion could unlock data-driven breakthroughs in our understanding of neuromuscular diseases, assistive devices, and human motion more broadly. The manual effort currently required to process these motion datasets is costly and limits the collection and sharing of large-scale datasets. Our cloud-based software tool, called AddBiomechanics, uses state-of-the-art optimization techniques to automatically scale the body segments of a musculoskeletal model to match the subject of interest, and then compute body segment kinematics during a motion. The optimization requires less than five minutes of computation to process a subject’s motion capture data, compared with about one day of manual work for a human expert. The accuracy of the approach in quantifying the body segment kinematics is as good or better than the results achieved manually by experts. Reducing the barriers to processing and sharing high-quality human motion biomechanics data will enable more people to engage in state-of-the-art biomechanical analysis, do so at lower cost, and share larger and more accurate datasets.
Automatic Retinoblastoma Screening and Surveillance Using Deep Learning
Authors: Zhang Ruiheng , Dong Li , Li Ruyue , Zhang Kai , Li Yitong , Zhao Hongshu , Shi Jitong , Ge Xin , Xu Xiaolin , Jiang Libin , Shi Xuhan , Zhang Chuan , Zhou Wenda , Xu Liangyuan , Wu Haotian , Li Heyan , Yu Chuyao , Li Jing , Ma Jianmin , Wei Wenbin
Published: August 2022

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy in childhood. With the advanced management strategy, the global salvage and overall survival have significantly improved, which proposes subsequent challenges regarding long-term surveillance and offspring screening. Here, we developed deep learning algorithm, called Deep Learning Assistant for Retinoblastoma (DLA-RB) training on A total of 36623 images from 713 patients. We validated it in the prospectively collected dataset, comprised of 1366 images form 139 eyes of 103 patients. In identifying active retinoblastoma tumors (treatment required) from all clinical-suspected patients, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of DLA-RB reached 0.991 (95% CI 0.970-1.000). In identifying active retinoblastoma from stable retinoblastoma patients (treatment is not required), AUC of DLA-RB reached 0.962 (95% CI 0.915-1.000), respectively. Cost-utility analysis revealed that DLA-RB based diagnosis mode is more cost-effective in both retinoblastoma diagnosis and retinoblastoma activity surveillance. The DLA-RB achieved high accuracy and sensitivity in identifying active retinoblastoma from the normal and stable retinoblastoma fundus. It can be incorporated within telemedicine programs in the future.
Crystal structure of N-butyl-2,3-bis(dicyclohexylamino)cyclopropeniminium chloride benzene monosolvate
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez Gaby M. , Zdilla Michael J.
Published: August 2022

N-Butyl-2,3-bis(dicyclohexylamino)cyclopropenimine (1) crystallizes from benzene and hexanes in the presence of HCl as a monobenzene solvate of the hydrochloride salt, [1H]Cl·C6H6 or C31H54N3
+·Cl−·C6H6, in the P21/n space group. The protonation of 1 results in the generation of an aromatic structure based upon the delocalization of the cyclopropene double bond around the cyclopropene ring, giving three intermediate C—C bond lengths of ∼1.41 Å, and the delocalization of the imine-type C—N double bond, giving three intermediate C—N bond lengths of ∼1.32 Å. Ion–ion and ion–benzene packing interactions are described and illustrated.
Human resource management practices and innovation in Colombian firms
Authors: Costamagna Rodrigo , Idrovo-Carlier Sandra , Mendi Pedro , Rodriguez Alfredo
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This paper takes a closer look at the way firms combine human resources from different departments by analyzing firm-level data obtained from a series of innovation surveys conducted in Colombia by Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE). In particular, the authors inquire into whether there are differences in innovation performance between firms that combine human resources from different departments and firms that choose not to do so.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors apply a complementarity test between firms that combine human resources from different departments and firms that choose not to do so. As performance variables, the authors consider the propensity to innovate, the number of new innovative products that the firm introduces, the proportion of sales coming from products new to the firm and sales from new products as a percentage of current innovation expenditures.

Findings

The authors find that firms with an internal research and development (R&D) department have a better innovation performance, but the authors do not find evidence of the existence of complementarity between workers in R&D and workers in other departments, and the authors find some evidence that suggests substitutability in the case of product innovations.

Practical implications

This paper provides managers with insights about how to deploy employees to improve firm innovation performance of employees.

Originality/value

This paper combines innovation literature with human resources management literature and applies a robust methodology to data not previously tested for the same purposes.
The mobilization of employees’ psychological resources: how servant leadership motivates pro-customer deviance
Authors: Hu Jiajing , Xiong Lin , Zhang Mengying , Chen Chen
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Drawing on social learning theory and conservation of resources theory, this study aims to investigate how servant leadership (SL) is linked to employees’ pro-customer deviance (PCD) through the serial mediating effects of perceived organizational support for creativity (POS) and creative self-efficacy (CSE), work autonomy (WA) and CSE.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used an online questionnaire survey platform to accurately distribute the questionnaire to the target population. Data were collected from 439 frontline employees working in hotels. The data were analyzed with a structural equation modeling approach to identify the complex relationship.

Findings

Using an online survey, this study demonstrated the significant positive effect of SL on PCD and further revealed the two serial mediating paths (POS → CSE; WA → CSE) of the SL effect.

Practical implications

The findings of this research generate valuable implications for practitioners and managers. Managers need to be aware of the objectivity and universality of PCD in service delivery scenarios and fully understand how their leadership style influences the internal motivation and external performance of employees engaged in this behavior.

Originality/value

This study makes a prominent contribution to the hospitality literature by focusing on PCD. This study enriches the research on the antecedents of PCD, constructs a cross-level multipath mechanism model of PCD in the context of SL and reveals the rationalization process and nature of employees’ PCD.
PLS-SEM’s most wanted guidance
Authors: Becker Jan-Michael , Cheah Jun-Hwa , Gholamzade Rasoul , Ringle Christian M. , Sarstedt Marko
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) has attracted much attention from both methodological and applied researchers in various disciplines – also in hospitality management research. As PLS-SEM is relatively new compared to other multivariate analysis techniques, there are still numerous open questions and uncertainties in its application. This study aims to address this important issue by offering guidance regarding its use in contexts with which researchers struggle.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors examine the most prominent questions and answers posed in a well-known PLS-SEM discussion forum. The authors do so by using a text analysis technique to identify the most salient topics.

Findings

The data analysis identifies three salient PLS-SEM topics (i.e. bootstrapping and significance testing, higher-order constructs and moderation).

Research limitations/implications

The results allow us to address the PLS-SEM community’s main methodological issues. The authors discuss each area separately and provide explanations and guidelines.

Practical implications

The guidelines on the most important PLS-SEM topics provide decision-making and application aids. In this way, the authors make a decisive contribution to clarifying ambiguities when applying the PLS-SEM method in hospitality management research and other disciplines.

Originality/value

There has as yet been no systematic analysis of this kind in the field of PLS-SEM; the authors, therefore, present the first research results. The findings and recommendations provide guidance for PLS-SEM applications in hospitality research and practice.
Does digital technology adoption affect COVID-19 health outcomes? A quantitative analysis on the global level
Authors: Yazdi Faezeh , Rasoulyan Farzin , Mirnezami Seyed Reza
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Adopting digital technology could facilitate the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Some analysts argue that countries that adopted digital technology in their health sector have managed to control the virus better (Whitelaw et al., 2020). For instance, countries with more comprehensive contact tracing have significantly lower fatality rates (Yalaman et al., 2021). Moreover, World Health Organization (WHO) believes this technology is a crucial enabler for countries to meet the current challenge (WHO. Regional Office for the Western Pacific & University of Melbourne, 2021). In this regard, this study aims to quantitatively find the relationship between the technological advancement of countries and COVID-19 health outcomes, using seven technological indices that measure technological advancement.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used the multiple linear regression method to answer the research questions. The first analysis focuses on a cross section of all countries worldwide, and the second focuses on European countries for which weekly death statistics exist after the pandemic.

Findings

The findings support those countries with more technological abilities managed to control the virus’s mortality better, as evidenced by the negative link between the mortality rate of COVID-19 and the technological factors at the national level. Results also reveal that technology adoption decreases the death risk due to COVID-19 in countries with more elderly people. The authors may argue that technological advancement positively correlates with the number of deaths and diagnosed cases because the authors can better collect data or because the virus spreads due to higher economic and business activities. However, such technological advancement significantly decreases the death risk (lower mortality rate in the first analysis and lower mortality rate for elderly people in the second analysis).

Research limitations/implications

Three important conclusions could be made from the results: a lower mortality rate is generally expected for countries adopting advanced technology; technological advancement significantly decreases the death risk for elderly people; and a higher technology adoption level does not necessarily result in fewer diagnosed cases of/death due to COVID-19.

Originality/value

Although some studies have focused on e-health applications in the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic, no studies, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, have tried to quantify its efficacy, most especially on the global level.
Revenue sharing bids of a loss-averse supplier for a new product development contract: a multi-method investigation
Authors: Ribbink Dina , Pun Hubert , Yan Tingting
Published: August 2022

Purpose

When developing a new product, a buying firm solicits revenue sharing bids from two competing suppliers. Bidding behaviors of suppliers do not always align with predictions from rational agent models due to task uncertainty and bounded rationality, which could result in non-optimal supplier offers and ultimately hurt buying firm interests. This paper aims to discuss the aforementioned issues.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors built an analytical model that considers the impact of supplier technological risk, buyer–supplier coordination cost and supplier loss aversion on the optimal bid of the supplier. Next, using limited information processing capacity as a theoretic lens, the authors explore antecedents to the size of a focal supplier's bidding error, the absolute difference between the actual bid and the optimal bid. The authors used quantitative lab experimental data to test the hypotheses.

Findings

(1) Bounded rational bidders often fail to differentiate between relevant and irrelevant competitive information when placing bids, (2) loss aversion of a bidder significantly affects not only levels of bids, particularly for bidders with competitive disadvantages, but also sizes of the bidding error and (3) competitive information that has clearer performance implications are more influential in reducing sizes of bidding errors.

Originality/value

The results provide a comprehensive view of the bidding behaviors of a bounded rational supplier in an innovation outsourcing context with competition. With the results, managers now have a better understanding of behavioral influencers behind non-optimal supplier bids in an innovation outsourcing context.
Surface quality prediction and lapping process optimisation on the fixed-abrasive lapping plate of sapphire wafers
Authors: Wang Yanfu , Wang Xin , Liu Lifei
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Lapping is a vital flattening process to improve the quality of processed semiconductor wafers such as single-crystal sapphire wafers. This study aims to optimise the lapping process of the fixed-abrasive lapping plate of sapphire wafers with good overall performance [i.e. high material removal rate (MRR), small surface roughness (Ra) of the wafers after lapping and small lapping plate wear ratio (η)].

Design/methodology/approach

The influence of process parameters such as lapping time, abrasive size, abrasive concentration, lapping pressure and lapping speed on MRR, Ra and η of lapping-processed sapphire wafers was studied, and the results were combined with experimental data to establish a regression model. The multi-evaluation index optimisation problem was transformed into a single-index optimisation problem via an entropy method and the grey relational analysis (GRA) to comprehensively evaluate the performance of each parameter.

Findings

The results revealed that lapping time, abrasive size, abrasive concentration, lapping pressure and lapping speed had different influence degrees on MRR, Ra and η. Among these parameters, lapping time, lapping speed and abrasive size had the most significant effects on MRR, Ra and η, and the established regression equations predicted the response values of MRR, Ra and η to be 99.56%, 99.51% and 93.88% and the relative errors between the predicted and actual measured values were <12%, respectively. With increased lapping time, MRR, Ra and η gradually decreased. With increased abrasive size, MRR increased nearly linearly, whereas Ra and η initially decreased but subsequently increased. With an increase in abrasive concentration, MRR, Ra and η initially increased but subsequently decreased. With increased lapping pressure, MRR and η increased nearly linearly and continuously, whereas Ra decreased nearly linearly and continuously. With increased lapping speed, Ra initially decreased sharply but subsequently increased gradually, whereas η initially increased sharply but subsequently decreased gradually; however, the change in MRR was not significant. Comparing the optimised results obtained via the analysis of influence law, the parameters optimised via the entropy method and GRA were used to obtain sapphire wafers lapping with an MRR of 4.26 µm/min, Ra of 0.141 µm and η of 25.08, and the lapping effect was significantly improved.

Originality/value

Therefore, GRA can provide new ideas for ultra-precision processing and process optimisation of semiconductor materials such as sapphire wafers.
Photocatalytic degradation of dye (Reactive Red 198) and pharmaceutical (tetracycline) using MIL-53(Fe) and MIL-100(Fe): catalyst synthesis and pollutant degradation
Authors: Ahmadi Shahin , Mahmoodi Bahaaddin , Kazemini Mohammad , Mahmoodi Niyaz Mohammad
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Environmental issues and lack of drinking water have forced researchers to find some alternatives to wastewater treatment. Because dyes are used in a variety of industrial applications such as textile and pharmaceutical, wastewater of these factories leads to several environmental problems. Using catalysis under ultraviolet-irradiation (photocatalysis) is one of the cases that is used in wastewater treatment. The purpose of this work is the photocatalytic degradation of dye (Reactive Red 198) and pharmaceutical (tetracycline) using MIL-53(Fe) and MIL-100(Fe).

Design/methodology/approach

In this work, Reactive Red 198 (RR198), an anionic dye and tetracycline as a pharmaceutical are tested with two catalysts, MIL-53(Fe) and MIL-100(Fe). Catalyst synthesis method and characterization were discussed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared analyses, and their results are described in detail.

Findings

Dye concentration varies among 15, 20, 30 and 40 mg/L for MIL-100(Fe) for which the removal percent is 97%, 94%, 89% and 58% and for MIL-53(Fe), dye concentration increases from 20 to 40, 60 and 80 mg/L, the removal percent of which is 98%, 88%, 75% and 50%. Pharmaceutical degradation by MIL-53(Fe) and MIL-100(Fe) was 75% and 80%, respectively.

Originality/value

Photocatalytic degradation of RR198 and tetracycline using MIL-53(Fe) and MIL-100(Fe) was not studied in detail.
Novel compound heterozygous mutations in the PLEC gene in a neonate with epidermolysis bullosa simplex with pyloric atresia
Authors: Kaneyasu Hidenobu , Takahashi Kazumasa , Ohta Naoki , Okada Seigo , Kimura Sasagu , Yasuno Shuichiro , Murata Susumu , Katsura Shunsaku , Yamada Naoyuki , Shiraishi Koji , Tsuda Junko , Miyai Shunsuke , Kurahashi Hiroki , Hasegawa Shunji , Shimomura Yutaka
Published: August 2022

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by the blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. Although the molecular basis of EB has been significantly elucidated, the precise phenotypes of the lethal types of EB have not been completely characterized. Herein, we report a severe case of EB with pyloric atresia (PA). The patient was a Japanese boy who not only had skin lesions but also various complications such as PA, dysphagia, hypotonia, infectious keratitis with corneal ulcer, obstructive uropathy and protein‐losing enteropathy. Genetic analysis led to the identification of two novel compound heterozygous mutations in the last exon of the plectin (PLEC) gene. Based on this finding, EB simplex with PA was diagnosed. Immunostaining with anti‐plectin antibodies revealed truncated plectin proteins lacking the C‐terminus in the patient's skin. We also conducted a prenatal diagnosis in subsequent pregnancy. Our report further highlights the crucial role of plectin in many organs and provides valuable information regarding the phenotypes resulting from mutations in the PLEC gene.
Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp with typical clinical features: A retrospective cross‐sectional study in a Department of Dermatology, Beijing, China
Authors: Jiang Tiande , Liu Cuie
Published: August 2022

Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) is a rare skin disease and understudied. The aim of the study was to collect the demographic, clinical features and laboratory tests of patients with DCS in a dermatology outpatient clinic. A cross‐sectional study was conducted in a department of dermatology in Beijing. Patients whose diagnoses have included DCS were selected from July 2021 to December 2021. DCS patients were stratified according to whether they were follicular occlusion triad (FOT) or not. There were 169 patients with DCS included. All 169 patients were male, and the median patient age was 32 years. The most common comorbidities in this study were seborrheic dermatitis (10.65%). Over 1/3 of patients had elevated white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil counts, and 12 of 18 patients had dyslipidemia. CD8+ T cell counts increased in 15 of 26 patients while CD4+ T/CD8+ T ratios were all normal. DCS mainly affects men in their thirties. More research about DCS is needed to clarify the clinical significance of laboratory tests.
NABat ML: Utilizing deep learning to enable crowdsourced development of automated, scalable solutions for documenting North American bat populations
Authors: Khalighifar Ali , Gotthold Benjamin S. , Adams Erin , Barnett Jenny , Beard Laura O. , Britzke Eric R. , Burger Paul A. , Chase Kimberly , Cordes Zackary , Cryan Paul M. , Ferrall Emily , Fill Christopher T. , Gibson Scott E. , Haulton G. Scott , Irvine Kathryn M. , Katz Lara S. , Kendall William L. , Long Christen A. , Mac Aodha Oisin , McBurney Tessa , McCarthy Sara , McKown Matthew W. , O'Keefe Joy , Patterson Lucy D. , Pitcher Kristopher A. , Rustand Matthew , Segers Jordi L. , Seppanen Kyle , Siemers Jeremy L. , Stratton Christian , Straw Bethany R. , Weller Theodore J. , Reichert Brian E.
Published: August 2022

Bats play crucial ecological roles and provide valuable ecosystem services, yet many populations face serious threats from various ecological disturbances. The North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat) aims to use its technology infrastructure to assess status and trends of bat populations, while developing innovative and community‐driven conservation solutions.

Here, we present NABat ML, an automated machine‐learning algorithm that improves the scalability and scientific transparency of NABat acoustic monitoring. This model combines signal processing techniques and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to detect and classify recorded bat echolocation calls. We developed our CNN model with internet‐based computing resources (‘cloud environment’), and trained it on >600,000 spectrogram images. We also incorporated species range maps to improve the robustness and accuracy of the model for future ‘unseen’ data. We evaluated model performance using a comprehensive, independent, holdout dataset.

NABat ML successfully distinguished 31 classes (30 species and a noise class) with overall weighted‐average accuracy and precision rates of 92%, and ≥90% classification accuracy for 19 of the bat species. Using a single cloud‐environment computing instance, the entire model training process took <16 h.

Synthesis and applications. Our convolutional neural network (CNN)‐based model, NABat ML, classifies 30 North American bat species using their recorded echolocation calls with an overall accuracy of 92%. In addition to providing highly accurate species‐level classification, NABat ML and its outputs are compatible with Bayesian and other statistical techniques for measuring uncertainty in classification. Our model is open‐source and reproducible, enabling future implementations as software on end‐user devices and cloud‐based web applications. These qualities make NABat ML highly suitable for applications ranging from grassroots community science initiatives to big‐data methods developed and implemented by researchers and professional practitioners. We believe the transparency and accessibility of NABat ML will encourage broad‐scale participation in bat monitoring, and enable development of innovative solutions needed to conserve North American bat species.
Clinical expression of microRNA‐144‐5p and its regulatory effect on renal function in uremia
Authors: Zang Dong , Li Junyi , Zhou Chuanyan
Published: August 2022

Objective

The study commits to probing the clinical expression of microRNA‐144‐5p (miR‐144‐5p) and its modulatory effect on the renal function of uremia.

Methods

Levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), β2‐microglobulin (β2‐MG), serum creatinine (Scr), blood calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and miR‐144‐5p expression in serum of uremia patients were detected. The correlation among miR‐144‐5p expression with BUN, β2‐MG, Scr, Ca, P, and iPTH levels in uremic patients was analyzed. The rats were injected with miR‐144‐5p agomir to detect the change of BUN, Scr, β2‐MG, Scr, Ca, P, and iPTH levels in uremic rats.

Results

miR‐144‐5p expression in uremic patients was negatively correlated with BUN, Scr, β2‐MG, P, and iPTH levels, and positively correlated with free Ca concentration in blood. miR‐144‐5p elevation reduced BUN, Scr, β2‐MG, P, and iPTH levels, and increased free Ca concentration in blood in uremic rats.

Conclusion

miR‐144‐5p is lowly expressed, and miR‐144‐5p has a regulatory effect on renal function in uremia.
Development of a Field Scale SWAT+ Modeling Framework for the Contiguous U.S.
Authors: White Michael J. , Arnold Jeffrey G. , Bieger Katrin , Allen Peter M. , Gao Jungang , Čerkasova Natalja , Gambone Marilyn , Park Seonggyu , Bosch David D. , Yen Haw , Osorio Javier M.
Published: August 2022

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is commonly used to predict the impacts of agricultural practices on water quality and quantity. Although widely applied, the data framework used to drive SWAT in the United States (U.S.) is fragmented and inconsistent, varying by user and model interface. This research describes the development of the National Agroecosystems Model (NAM), which provides a unified field to national scale modeling computational framework for research and decision support by using the latest SWAT platform, dubbed SWAT+. NAM has sufficient detail to capture field‐level processes and management actions and spans the full extent of the contiguous U.S. NAM contains 7 million computational units, 4 million of which represent specific cultivated fields. It contains 3 million individually identifiable stream segments and more than 5,000 reservoirs. NAM is intended to serve as a reasonable base framework to be refined for specific applications. This work describes the individual data sources, assumptions, and the processing steps for their inclusion. NAM is constructed with 2,121 individual SWAT+ models which can be executed in a parallel hierarchical structure to dramatically improve runtime. This framework was tested in a case study of the Little River Watershed, Tifton, GA. NAM is developed using only publicly available data sources such that subsets of it can be shared to support research with other government agencies, universities, and others in the public domain.
Accrual‐Based Earnings Management and Regulation: A Literature Review*
Authors: Greusard Olivier
Published: August 2022

This paper reviews how the accounting literature has investigated accrual‐based earnings management (AEM) in relation to regulation. After describing the development of accrual‐based models to measure earnings management, I provide evidence that the accounting literature has investigated AEM and regulation to answer six types of research questions. First, researchers investigate whether firms manage earnings before a regulatory event to benefit from it or to avoid its negative consequences. Second, they look at whether firms engage in AEM after the implementation of a new regulation to avoid the regulatory costs associated with lack of compliance or to respect regulatory industry ratios. Third, researchers use accruals quality metrics to investigate the change in quality of accounting after a change in regulation. Fourth, they use accruals quality metrics to analyze the impact of differences between regulatory environments. Fifth, researchers exploit Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases to clearly identify samples of low‐quality firms in order to develop new earnings management models, test the specifications of existing models, or identify new patterns linked to earnings management. Sixth, the accounting literature employs regulation to investigate potential complementarity or substitution effects between accrual‐based and real earnings management. I also discuss how the emergence of new technologies such as machine learning, the ongoing debate between single‐accrual and aggregate models, regulatory events other than laws, and recent regulations create opportunities for future research into AEM in relation to regulation.
Red turpentine beetle primary attraction to β‐pinene or 3‐carene (with and without ethanol) varies in western US pine forests
Authors: Kelsey Rick G. , Westlind Douglas J. , Gaylord Monica L.
Published: August 2022

Lure attraction strength for red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) observed previously in US Pacific Northwest ponderosa pine forests is (−)‐β‐pinene+ethanol > (+)‐3‐carene+ethanol, but untested elsewhere in its western US range. Thus, both were tested with (−)‐β‐pinene, (+)‐3‐carene, ethanol, and a blank in Oregon and California sites burned by wildfire, whereas in Arizona the first four lures were tested in a thinned‐unburned site.

The D. valens responses in burned Oregon and California sites were similar, (−)‐β‐pinene+ethanol > (−)‐β‐pinene > 3‐carene = 3‐carene+ethanol > ethanol > blank, whereas in the cut‐unburned Arizona site it was 3‐carene+ethanol > 3‐carene = (−)‐β‐pinene+ethanol > (−)‐β‐pinene. Whether this variation was influenced by beetle genetic differences, or chemical and physical parameters in the different environments and remaining stressed host resources 1‐year post disturbance warrants additional study.

Responses to (−)‐β‐pinene varied, from a stronger attractant than (+)‐3‐carene in Oregon and California, to a weaker lure than (+)‐3‐carene in Arizona. This (−)‐β‐pinene variability was minimized when released in combination with ethanol, making (−)‐β‐pinene+ethanol the most consistent attractant of those tested across the three states, and a reliable lure for detection, monitoring, and management projects for D. valens in western US pine forests.
Effects of transitional care based on the social support theory for older patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: A quasi‐experimental trial
Authors: Yang Wenwen , Xu Haiyan , Miao Weiwei , Geng Zihan , Geng Guiling
Published: August 2022

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the effects of transitional care (TC) programs on the health outcomes of discharged older patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).

Methods

A total of 160 older patients were recruited from two campuses of a public teaching hospital in China. Patients were grouped according to the campus to which they were admitted. The TC programs commenced one day before discharge and lasted 6 months after discharge. Repeated‐measures analysis of variance was used to analyse the effects of the TC programs.

Results

The TC programs improved the discharge of older patients with OVCF in their activities of daily living (ADLs), pain levels and social support, and decreased fracture recurrence rates.

Conclusions

This study provides evidence of concurrent clinical improvements and health outcomes in discharged older patients with OVCFs from the effects of TC programs based on social support theory.
Internal mammary node involvement in patients with axilla‐negative early breast cancer: a narrative review
Authors: Braue Kaela , Baker Caroline , Lippey Jocelyn
Published: August 2022

Early breast cancer staging involves radiological and pathological evaluation of the tumour and regional lymph nodes. The internal mammary nodes (IMN) are an important site of possible metastasis and influence disease stage and prognosis. However, the recommendation for routine IMN assessment remains unclear. Internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is associated with increased morbidity and an unknown survival benefit. Furthermore, the IMN are traditionally thought to be involved only synchronous with, or following, axillary node (AXN) metastasis. The aim of this review is to determine the prevalence of IMN metastasis in patients with axilla‐negative early breast cancer. A narrative review of studies assessing IMN metastasis was performed. The literature search was completed using the database Medline (Ovid). Twenty‐two retrospective studies were identified. The studies included data from SLNB, US, MRI, PET/CT and opportunistic biopsy during free‐flap reconstruction (FFR). The prevalence of isolated IMN metastasis ranged from 1.2% to 17.9%.
Editorial: thiopurines in the multidrug era—time to rescue our memories over half a century of experience. Authors' reply
Authors: Rezazadeh Ardabili Ashkan , Jeuring Steven , Mujagic Zlatan , Oostenbrug Liekele , Romberg‐Camps Mariëlle , Jonkers Daisy , Van Bodegraven Adriaan , Pierik Marieke
Published: August 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Rezazadeh Ardabili et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17128 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17164
Cardiovascular complications of modern multiple myeloma therapy: A pharmacovigilance study
Authors: Al‐Yafeai Zaki , Ghoweba Mohamed , Ananthaneni Anil , Abduljabar Hamzah , Aziz David
Published: August 2022

Aims

Multiple myeloma accounts for over 10–15% of haematological malignancies. Continued molecular advances have resulted in the development of new drugs for treatment of multiple myeloma. Four drugs were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2015, but their safety is not well defined. The aim of this study is to delineate the cardiovascular adverse events of these drugs.

Methods

We reviewed the adverse cardiac events of newly approved FDA drugs since 2015 using the US FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) database. We calculated the reporting odds ratio (ROR) with 95% confidence interval (CIs) for the drugs that have the highest incidence of cardiovascular adverse events.

Results

Among the medications that have approved for multiple myeloma between 2015 and 2020, 4 novel drugs showed the highest incidence of cardiotoxicity. ROR (95% CI) for atrial fibrillation due to elotuzumab, ixazomib, daratumumab and panobinostat compared to other FAERS drugs was 5.8 (4.4–7.7), 1.9 (1.5–2.3), 4.8 (4.2–5.6) and 5.7 (4.1–8.1), respectively. The ROR (95% CI) for cardiac failure was 8.2 (6.4–10.5), 4.7 (4.1–5.4), 5.8 (4.9–6.7) and 5.6 (3.8–8.1) and ROR (95% CI) for coronary disease was 2.7 (1.9–3.9), 2.7 (2.3–3.2), 2.3 (1.9–2.8) and 4.6 (3.2–6.6) due to elotuzumab, ixazomib, daratumumab and panobinostat compared to all other drugs in FAERS.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrated that certain newly approved antimyeloma therapies are significantly associated with previously unknown cardiotoxicity. These results warrant further studies and highlight the importance of considering the cardiac history of patients with multiple myeloma when utilizing these novel agents.
Insights from a pharmacometric analysis of HDMTX in adults with cancer: Clinically relevant covariates for application in precision dosing
Authors: Ibarra Manuel , Combs Ryan , Taylor Zachary L. , Ramsey Laura B. , Mikkelsen Torben , Buddington Randal K. , Heldrup Jesper , Barreto Jason N. , Guscott Martin , Lowe Jennifer , Hurmiz Charles , Marada Suresh , Howard Scott C. , Schaiquevich Paula
Published: August 2022

Aims

High‐dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is an essential part of the treatment of several adult and paediatric malignancies. Despite meticulous supportive care during HDMTX administration, severe toxicities, including acute kidney injury (AKI), may occur contributing to patient morbidity. Population pharmacokinetics provide a powerful tool to predict time to clear HDMTX and adjust subsequent doses. We sought to develop and validate pharmacokinetic models for HDMTX in adults with diverse malignancies and to relate systemic exposure with the occurrence of severe toxicity.

Methods

Anonymized, de‐identified data were provided from 101 US oncology practices that participate in the Guardian Research Network, a non‐profit clinical research consortium. Modelled variables included clinical, laboratory, demographic and pharmacological data. Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed by means of nonlinear mixed effects modelling using MonolixSuite.

Results

A total of 693 HDMTX courses from 243 adults were analysed, of which 62 courses (8.8%) were associated with stage 2/3 acute kidney injury (43 stage 2, 19 stage 3). A three‐compartment model adequately fitted the data. Time‐dependent serum creatinine, baseline serum albumin and allometrically scaled bodyweight were clinically significant covariates related to methotrexate clearance. External evaluation confirmed a satisfactory predictive performance of the model in adults receiving HDMTX. Dose‐normalized methotrexate concentration at 24 and 48 hours correlated with AKI incidence.

Conclusion

We developed a population pharmacometric model that considers weight, albumin and time‐dependent creatinine that can be used to guide supportive care in adult patients with delayed HDMTX elimination.
T(w)alking responsibility: A case ofCSRperformativity during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Letiche Hugo , De Loo Ivo , Moriceau Jean‐Luc
Published: August 2022

This paper centers on a case study of CSR performativity during the COVID‐19 pandemic. In the extant CSR literature, CSR performativity has focused on “walking the talk” and/or “talking the walk,” wherein narrative and action around CSR are typically treated as two different things with their relationships questioned. We focus on what has been called “t(w)alking” wherein speech is understood to be performative and wherein speech acts and CSR are merged, becoming one and the same thing. Performativity then entails what is (and what is not) said, whereby CSR involves taking responsibility for speech and/or silences. Our thesis is that the COVID‐19 pandemic led to the “presenting” of CSR as performativity, in the presence of Levinas' Other, as noble (speech) acts. We examine what became of CSR performativity in a for‐profit medical services provider when the COVID‐19 pandemic turned fatal for its main client group: the infirm elderly. The performativity of the statement: “The elderly and their carers must be protected” turned out to be crucial and set the stage for the provider's emergency action. Following on insights derived from Nietzsche and Levinas, and more specifically from their views on the particularity of ethical action, we find that CSR morphed into ethical performativity in the case study at hand. Against the backdrop of the views of these thinkers, the research potential of the performativity of “t(w)alking” in future CSR studies emerges and is critically discussed.