bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Sensor Information Fusion with Multi-Scale Adaptive Graph Convolutional Networks for Abnormal Vibration Diagnosis of Rolling Mill
Authors: Peng Rongrong , Gong Changfen , Zhao Shuai
Published: January 2025

Graph data and multi-sensor information fusion have been integrated into the abnormal vibration type classification and the identification of the rolling mill for extracting spatial–temporal and robust features. However, most of the existing deep learning (DL) based methods exploit only single sensor information and Euclidean space data, which results in incomplete information contained in the features extracted by in-depth networks. To solve this issue, a multi-sensor information fusion with multi-scale adaptive graph convolutional networks (M2AGCNs) framework is proposed to model graph data and multi-sensor information fusion in a unified in-depth network and then to achieve abnormal vibration diagnosis. First, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were adopted for the deeper features of multi-sensor signals. And then, the extracted features were fed into the proposed feature-driven adaptive graph generation network to build graphs to extract spatial–temporal correlation between multi-sensor data. After that, the multi-scale graph convolutional networks (MSGCNs) were employed to aggregate and enrich several different receptive information to further improve valuable features. Finally, the extracted multi-sensor features were integrated into a unified network to achieve the abnormal vibration type classification and identification of the rolling mill. Meanwhile, we performed horizontal, vertical, and coupled abnormal vibration experiments, and then three different types of studies were conducted to illustrate the superiority and usefulness of this method in the paper and the feasibility of rolling mill abnormal vibration diagnosis. It can be seen from the results that the proposed M2AGCNs can be able to achieve valuable feature extraction effectively from multi-sensor information and to obtain more excellent behavior of the abnormal vibration diagnosis of the rolling mill in comparison with the mainstream methods.
Influence of Quantity and Quality of Bonding Phases on Strength of Iron Ore Sinters
Authors: Que Zhigang , Wang Laixin , Fu Yinxuan , Gu Fan , Shi Jinming
Published: January 2025

Sinter is the main raw material of blast furnaces, and its strength influences its running condition. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive definition of the influencing mechanisms of the strength of the sinter. In this paper, the influences of the quantity and quality of the bonding phase on the strength of the sinter were investigated by changing the sintering parameters, such as the maximum sintering temperature, the binary basicity of adhering fines, holding time at high temperature, and types of core ores. As the maximum temperature increased from 1240 °C to 1320 °C and the binary basicity of the adhering fines increased from 5.0 to 9.0, and the strength of the sinter increased first and then decreased. The strength of the sinter was improved by increasing the holding time at high temperatures and reducing the melt absorbability of core ores. The strength of the sinter was comprehensively influenced by the strength of the bonding phase, the fluidity of the original melt, and the melt absorbability of core ores. There is a multivariate linear relationship between them. Moreover, the strength of the bonding phase had the greatest effect on the strength of the sinter, followed by the fluidity of the original melt, and the melt absorbability of core ores was the smallest.
Pass-Transistor-Enabled Split Input Voltage Level Shifter for Ultra-Low-Power Applications
Authors: Chandrasekhar Chakali , Basha Mohammed Mahaboob , Das Sari Mohan , Hemakesavulu Oruganti , Dholvan Mohan , Syed Javed
Published: January 2025

In modern ICs, sub-threshold voltage management plays a significant role due to its perspective on energy efficiency and speed performance. Level shifters (LSs) play a critical role in signal exchange among multiple voltage domains by ensuring signal integrity and the reliable operation of ICs. In this article, a Pass-Transistor-Enabled Split Input Voltage Level Shifter (PVLS) is designed for area, delay, and power-efficient applications with a wide voltage conversion range. The represented low-power LS structure is a general blend of both pull-up and pull-down networks that perform level-up or level-down shifts. The proposed PVLS is incorporated with the multi-threshold CMOS technique and a load-balancing driving split inverter to limit high static current, leakage power, and performance degradation. The schematic structure could be able to convert voltages from low to high as well as high to low. The architecture design has the lowest silicon area. The implementation of the proposed design was taken under 55 nm CMOS technology. The represented LS could be able to convert voltage ranges between 0.3 V and 1.3 V, which has a dynamic power of 2.00 nW. The overall propagation delay of the LS is 90 ps and an area of 7.66 µm2 for an input frequency of 1 MHz.
Social Acceptability of Critical and Strategic Minerals (CSMs) Development: A Systematic Review with a Particular Focus on Quebec, Canada
Authors: Dossa Kossivi Fabrice , Vodouhe Fifanou G. , Khasa Damase P.
Published: January 2025

The social acceptability (SA) of mining projects is a crucial issue for the sustainable development of territories and local communities. This article aims to identify the issues and examine the factors influencing the SA of exploration, exploitation and processing projects of critical and strategic minerals (CSMs) in Quebec. A systematic review guided by the PRISMA approach was conducted, selecting 57 relevant documents after excluding several others. The results reveal that between 2000 and 2024, the publication of studies on SA in the mining sector has increased significantly, particularly since 2013. Research is mainly concentrated in North America, with a predominance of case studies. Their critical analysis indicates that the SA of mining projects is based on various issues, including the need for greater consideration of the perspectives of local communities, as well as open and inclusive communication between all stakeholders. However, SA is affected by various factors, including demographic, economic, environmental and governance, which can have positive or negative effects depending on the context. Following this analysis, future research should explore the complex interactions between these factors, determining how some may act as mediators or moderators in various contexts through real case studies.
Temperature Dependence of Optical Properties of MoS2 and WS2 Heterostructures Assessed by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Tung , Le Van Long , Nguyen Thi Mai , Bui Xuan Khuyen , Nguyen Thi Giang , Nguyen Nhat Linh , Nguyen Xuan Au , Kim Tae Jung
Published: January 2025

We report the complex dielectric function ε = ε1 + iε2 of MoS2/WS2 and WS2/MoS2 heterostructures and their constituent monolayers MoS2 and WS2 for an energy range from 1.5 to 6.0 eV and temperatures from 39 to 300 K. Comparisons between the optical properties of the heterostructures and their monolayers were conducted. Critical-point (CP) energies of the heterostructures were traced back to their origins in the monolayers. Low-temperature measurements confirmed the existence of only three excitonic CPs from 1.5 to 2.5 eV due to the overlap of trion B− of the MoS2 monolayer and exciton A0 of the WS2 monolayer. Due to the dielectric screening effect, most CPs exhibit red shifts in the heterostructures compared to their monolayer counterparts.
Sex and Region-Specific Differences in Microglial Morphology and Function Across Development
Authors: Bishnoi Indra R. , Bordt Evan A.
Published: January 2025

Microglia are exceptionally dynamic resident innate immune cells within the central nervous system, existing on a continuum of morphologies and functions throughout their lifespan. They play vital roles in response to injuries and infections, clearing cellular debris, and maintaining neural homeostasis throughout development. Emerging research suggests that microglia are strongly influenced by biological factors, including sex, developmental stage, and their local environment. This review synthesizes findings on sex differences in microglial morphology and function in key brain regions, including the frontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, and cerebellum, across the lifespan. Where available, we examine how gonadal hormones influence these microglial characteristics. Additionally, we highlight the limitations of relying solely on morphology to infer function and underscore the need for comprehensive, multimodal approaches to guide future research. Ultimately, this review aims to advance the dialogue on these spatiotemporally heterogeneous cells and their implications for sex differences in brain function and vulnerability to neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Antibiotic Consumption Patterns in Urban Coari, Amazonas: High Azithromycin Use and COVID-19-Related Prescriptions
Authors: Marcelino Rodrigo Silva , Silva Edivã Bernardo da , Gama Abel Santiago Muri , Guimarães Ananias Facundes , Secoli Silvia Regina , Figueras Albert
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectivses: Antibiotic consumption patterns in remote urban areas of the Amazon region are poorly understood. This study aimed to analyze antibiotic use in the adult population of Coari, a municipality in Amazonas, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and November 2021 in the urban area of Coari. 394 adults were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data on antibiotic use, sociodemographic factors, health service access, and self-reported illnesses were collected. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios and identify factors associated with antibiotic use. Results: The prevalence of antibiotic use was 14.7% (n = 58). The most frequently used antibiotics were azithromycin (26.9%), cefalexin (20.9%), amoxicillin (19.4%), and ciprofloxacin (13.9%). Up to 34.5% of antibiotic use was conducted without a prescription, especially among adults aged 18 to 39 (59.1%). The main health problems that led to self-medication were COVID-19 (28.6%), urinary infection (14.3%), sore throat (37.5%), and intestinal infection (60.0%). Factors associated with antibiotic use included age 18 to 39 (adjusted PR = 3.73; CI = 1.37–10.09), having a family member hospitalized (adjusted PR = 2.61; CI = 1.39–4.89), having contracted COVID-19 (adjusted PR = 2.41; CI = 1.40–4.15), and frequency of visits by the community health agent to the home (adjusted PR = 0.35 CI = 0.15–0.81). Conclusions: The high use of broad-spectrum antibiotics (Watch), particularly azithromycin, for potentially inappropriate indications highlights the need to improve the management of antibiotic use in remote regions of Brazil. Community health agents, as key professionals between health services and the community, can play a key role in promoting the rational use of antibiotics and combating antimicrobial resistance in the Brazilian Amazon context.
Ashwagandha: Optimizing the Extraction and Electrospun Nanofiber Production
Authors: Jaskólski Maciej , Paczkowska-Walendowska Magdalena , Miklaszewski Andrzej , Cielecka-Piontek Judyta
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: This study explores the development of electrospun nanofibers incorporating bioactive compounds from Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) root extract, focusing on optimizing extraction conditions and nanofiber composition to maximize biological activity and application potential. Methods: Using the Design of Experiment (DoE) approach, optimal extraction parameters were identified as 80% methanol, 70 °C, and 60 min, yielding high levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Methanol concentration emerged as the critical factor influencing phytochemical properties. Electrospinning technology was employed to produce nanofibers using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as carriers, ensuring encapsulation, stabilization, and an enhanced bioavailability of the active compounds. Results: Nanofibers demonstrated a high surface-to-volume ratio, rapid dissolution, and significant mucoadhesive properties, making them suitable for oral mucosal applications. The optimal nanofiber composition was determined to be 2.5 mL extract, 25% PVP, and an extract-to-HPβCD ratio of 1:0.6. Statistical modeling confirmed that the electrospinning process did not compromise the antioxidant or anti-inflammatory properties of the extract, with extract content being the primary determinant of biological activity. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential of integrating advanced extraction techniques with nanotechnology to develop innovative delivery systems for traditional herbal remedies. The developed nanofibers offer promising applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and functional foods, paving the way for a scalable and efficient utilization of Ashwagandha bioactives.
Dispersive Sweatt Model for Broadband Lens Design with Metasurfaces
Authors: Chen Weiyu , Shih Ko-Han , Renshaw C. Kyle
Published: January 2025

The Sweatt model has been extensively used to design optical systems containing diffractive optical elements (DOEs) because it captures the dispersive characteristics of DOEs. We introduce a new dispersive Sweatt model (DSM) that can describe meta-atom (MA) dispersion, which has material and geometric contributions in addition to diffraction. It uses a wavelength-dependent scalar coefficient to modify the diffractive dispersion and describe the dispersion of a given MA basis. This provides a robust framework to design systems containing metasurface (MS) elements while including their unique dispersive properties in the design optimization. Importantly, the DSM is based on ray optics and enables the design of MS-containing systems using conventional optical design software such as Zemax and Code V. We use the DSM to demonstrate the design of a hybrid refractive/MS achromatic doublet for the midwave infrared (MWIR) band. The design example includes multiple wavelengths and field angles during optimization and demonstrates excellent agreement between the DSM and real hybrid lens performance modeled using wave optics. We discuss the limits of the DSM and present a simple model to predict performance limits due to phase mismatch at Fresnel zone boundaries.
Underwater Gas Leak Quantification by Convolutional Neural Network Using Images
Authors: Caldas Gustavo Luís Rodrigues , Moreira Roger Matsumoto , de Souza Maurício B.
Published: January 2025

Exploration and production activities in deep-water oil and gas reservoirs can directly impact the surrounding ecosystems. Thus, a tool capable of measuring oil and gas leaks based on surveillance images, especially in pre-mature stages, is of great importance for ensuring safety and environmental protection. In the present work, a Convolutional Neural Network (U-Net) is applied to leak images using transfer learning and hyperparameter optimization, aiming to predict bubble diameter and flow rate. The data were extracted from a reduced model leak experiment, with a total of 77,676 frames processed, indicating a Big Data context. The results agreed with the data obtained in the laboratory: for the flow rate prediction, coefficients of determination by transfer learning and hyperparameter optimization were, respectively, 0.938 and 0.941. Therefore, this novel methodology has potential applications in the oil and gas industry, in which leaks captured by a camera are measured, supporting decision-making in the early stages and building a framework of a mitigation strategy in industrial environments.
Productivity Evaluation Modeling by Numerical Simulation for Shale Gas with Variable Dynamic Viscosity in Fractured Horizontal Wells
Authors: Gao Yufan , Yang Dong , Han Hu , Deng Qiao , Wang Chunxiao
Published: January 2025

Horizontal well hydraulic fracturing technology has been widely used in the efficient development of shale gas to address the challenges posed by these reservoirs’ low permeability and porosity. Despite the availability of numerous models for evaluating shale gas productivity post-fracturing, the effect of gas dynamic viscosity has been neglected. This study establishes a multiple-media and multiple-permeability coupled flow model based on the Barnett Shale and introduces Lee’s correlation for gas viscosity. The model’s feasibility and accuracy were verified by comparing the simulation results with the Barnett Shale data. The effects of reservoir damage, stimulation intensity, and fracture spacing on shale gas productivity are discussed. The results demonstrated that shale gas productivity decreased by more than 50% with intensified reservoir damage. Increasing stimulation intensity in the reservoir volume enhanced shale gas productivity. When the stimulation coefficient for the reservoir was increased from 0 to 2.5, the productivity increased by over 25%. A larger fracture spacing resulted in a smaller increase in shale gas productivity. Conversely, excessively narrow spacings significantly hindered productivity, resulting in an approximate 25% decrease. This study provides a theoretical reference for the productivity evaluation of horizontal wells in shale gas reservoirs.
Advances and Factors Influencing In Situ Combustion Effectiveness: A Review
Authors: Liu Zhenye , Wang Bo , Yang Shuangchun , Tian Chao
Published: January 2025

In situ combustion, as a technology for improving oil recovery efficiency, faces technical and economic challenges. Fire-driven oil recovery technology is renowned for its significant technical advantages, including wide reservoir applicability, efficient crude oil recovery rate, and lower extraction costs. It is particularly suitable for the recovery of high viscosity petroleum resources such as heavy oil and oil sands. However, due to the complexity of the fire-driven mechanism, there are still many problems in the engineering design of fire-driven reservoirs. In particular, the lack of intuitive and accurate understanding of the combustion and fire-driven process in the reservoir makes it difficult to take effective means to accurately judge the underground combustion conditions, monitoring and control of the fire-driven leading edge. This paper reviews the effects of permeability, oil saturation, gas injection rate, injection and extraction well spacing, and reservoir thickness. These findings can help to improve the stability and efficiency of fire-driven technology so as to realise better mining results in practical applications.
Deformation Slope Extraction and Influencing Factor Analysis Using LT-1 Satellite Data: A Case Study of Chongqing and Surrounding Areas, China
Authors: Liu Jielin , Xu Chong , Zhao Binbin , Yang Zhi , Liu Yi , Zhang Sihang , Kong Xiaoang , Lan Qiongqiong , Xu Wenbin , Qi Wenwen
Published: January 2025

The use of satellite imagery for surface deformation monitoring has been steadily increasing. However, the study of extracting deformation slopes from deformation data requires further advancement. This limitation not only poses challenges for subsequent studies but also restricts the potential for deeper exploration and utilization of deformation data. The LT-1 satellite, China’s largest L-band synthetic aperture radar satellite, offers a new perspective for monitoring. In this study, we extracted deformation slopes in Chongqing and its surrounding areas of China based on deformation data generated by LT-1. Twelve factors were selected to analyze their influence on slope deformation, including elevation, topographic position, slope, landcover, soil, lithology, relief, average rainfall intensity, and distances to rivers, roads, railways, and active faults. A total of 5863 deformation slopes were identified, covering an area of 140 km2, mainly concentrated in the central part of the study area, with the highest area density reaching 0.22%. Among these factors, average rainfall intensity was found to have the greatest impact on deformation slope. These findings provide valuable information for geological disaster early warning and management in Chongqing and surrounding areas, while also demonstrating the practical value of the LT-1 satellite in deformation monitoring.
Image-Based Shrimp Aquaculture Monitoring
Authors: Correia Beatriz , Pacheco Osvaldo , Rocha Rui J. M. , Correia Paulo L.
Published: January 2025

Shrimp farming is a growing industry, and automating certain processes within aquaculture tanks is becoming increasingly important to improve efficiency. This paper proposes an image-based system designed to address four key tasks in an aquaculture tank with Penaeus vannamei: estimating shrimp length and weight, counting shrimps, and evaluating feed pellet food attractiveness. A setup was designed, including a camera connected to a Raspberry Pi computer, to capture high-quality images around a feeding plate during feeding moments. A dataset composed of 1140 images was captured over multiple days and different times of the day, under varying lightning conditions. This dataset has been used to train a segmentation model, which was employed to detect and filter shrimps in optimal positions for dimensions estimation. Promising results were achieved. For length estimation, the proposed method achieved a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.56%, and width estimation resulted in a MAPE of 0.15%. These dimensions were then used to estimate the shrimp’s weight. Shrimp counting also yielded results with an average MAPE of 7.17%, ensuring a satisfactory estimation of the population in the field of view of the image sensor. The paper also proposes two approaches to evaluate pellet attractiveness, relying on a qualitative analysis due to the challenges of defining suitable quantitative metrics. The results were influenced by environmental conditions, highlighting the need for further investigation. The image capture and analysis prototype proposed in this paper provides a foundation for an adaptable system that can be scaled across multiple tanks, enabling efficient, automated monitoring. Additionally, it could also be adapted to monitor other species raised in similar aquaculture environments.
Validity and Reliability of Kinovea® for Pelvic Kinematic Measurement in Standing Position and in Sitting Position with 45° of Hip Flexion
Authors: Vicente-Pina Lucía , Sánchez-Rodríguez Rocío , Ferrández-Laliena Loreto , Heredia-Jimenez Jose , Müller-Thyssen-Uriarte Julián , Monti-Ballano Sofía , Hidalgo-García César , Tricás-Moreno José Miguel , Lucha-López María Orosia
Published: January 2025

The anatomy of the pelvis may obscure differences in pelvic tilt, potentially underestimating its correlation with clinical measures. Measuring the total sagittal range of pelvic movement can serve as a reliable indicator of pelvic function. This study assessed the inter- and intra-examiner reliability of the Kinovea® version 0.9.5 and its agreement with the Qualisys System (3D motion capture) for measuring the total pelvic range of movement (ROM) in the sagittal plane, establishing Kinovea®’s validity in standing and sitting positions with 45° of hip flexion. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 13 asymptomatic participants. Pelvic kinematics were recorded using both systems. Pelvic posture, anterior and posterior tilt, and total pelvic ROM in the sagittal plane were analyzed. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate reliability and validity. Additionally, the technical error of measurement (TEM), relative TEM, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change (MDC) were calculated to establish Kinovea®’s accuracy. Kinovea® demonstrated excellent inter- and intra-examiner reliability for total pelvic ROM in standing and sitting measurements (ICC > 0.90), with relative TEM values below 10% and MDC values between 1.60°and 11.20°. Validity showed good-to-excellent ICC values when comparing Kinovea® and the Qualisys System. This finding suggests that Kinovea® is a valid tool for obtaining reproducible measurements of total pelvic ROM in the sagittal plane in standing and sitting positions, demonstrating excellent-to-good inter- and intra-examiner reliability for pelvic kinematics.
Tendon Anomaly Identification in Prestressed Concrete Beams Based on an Advanced Monitoring MEMS and Data-Driven Detection of Structural Damage
Authors: de Alteriis Giorgio , Mariniello Giulio , Pastore Tommaso , Silvestri Alessia Teresa , Augugliaro Giuseppe , Papallo Ida , Mennuti Canio , Bilotta Antonio , Schiano Lo Moriello Rosario , Asprone Domenico
Published: January 2025

The growing importance of state assessments in civil engineering has led to intensive research into the development of damage identification methods based on vibrations. Natural frequencies and modal shapes have garnered great interest because modal parameters are invariant of structure. Moreover, thanks to the global nature of modal parameters, their variations are not limited to the location of the damage. This is an important advantage that offers the opportunity to identify damage with sensors whose position does not have to coincide with the damaged area. The integration of MEMS sensors into structural health monitoring (SHM) systems offers a promising approach to long-term structural maintenance, especially in large-scale infrastructure. This paper presents an anomaly detection technique that analyzes raw sequential data within a statistical framework to detect damage that causes prestress loss of the tendon by exploiting a distributed monitoring system composed of six high-performance MEMS sensors. The proposed system is preliminarily evaluated to identify the frequency of the first mode, and then the proposed methodology is validated on acceleration data collected on a 240 cm beam in three different damage configurations, achieving a high detection accuracy and showing that its output can also evaluate the damage localization.
Research on Traffic Accident Severity Level Prediction Model Based on Improved Machine Learning
Authors: Tang Jiming , Huang Yao , Liu Dingli , Xiong Liuyuan , Bu Rongwei
Published: January 2025

Traffic accidents occur frequently, causing significant losses to people’s lives and property safety. Accurately predicting the severity level of traffic accidents is of great significance. Based on traffic accident data, this study comprehensively considers various influencing factors such as the geographical location, road conditions, and environment. The data are divided into accident-related categories, weather-related categories, and road- and environment-related categories. The machine learning method is improved through integration for the accident level prediction. In the experiment, effective preprocessing measures were taken for problems such as data imbalance, missing values, the encoding of categorical variables, and the standardization of numerical features. The unbalanced distribution of “Severity” was improved through under-sampling and over-sampling techniques. Firstly, we adopted a multi-stage fusion strategy. A multi-layer perceptron (MLP) was used for the preliminary prediction, and then its result was combined with the original features to form a new feature. Decision tree, XGBoost, and random forest algorithms, respectively, were applied for the secondary prediction. The analysis results show that the improved machine learning model is significantly superior to a single model in the overall performance. The “MLP + random forest” model performs well in evaluation indicators such as the accuracy, recall rate, and F1 value. The accuracy rate is as high as 94%. In the prediction of different traffic accident severity levels (minor, moderate, and severe), the improved machine learning model also generally shows better performance and stability. The research results of this study have broad prospects in the field of intelligent driving. It can realize real-time accident prediction and early warnings, and provide decision support for drivers and autonomous driving systems. The research also provides a scientific basis for traffic planning and management departments to improve driving conditions and reduce the probability and losses of traffic accidents.
A New Species of Krameropteris (Dennstaedtiaceae) from Mid-Cretaceous Myanmar Amber
Authors: Li Chunxiang , Meng Fanwei
Published: January 2025

Krameropteris is an extinct fern genus found in mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber, assigned to the Dennstaedtiaceae, with only one previously described species, i.e., K. resinatus. This study describes a new species, K. calophyllum, also preserved in Myanmar amber. The new species is characterized by branched venation with free veinlets terminating in thickened tips, multicellular hairs along the pinnule margins, and submarginal or medial exindusiate sori at the ends of veinlets. Its sporangia are polypod-type, producing trilete spores. This new species represents the second record of an extinct fern genus of the early-diverging Dennstaedtiaceae lineage found in Myanmar amber. Krameropteris calophyllum differs from K. resinatus in its pinnule epidermal characteristics and spore morphology, with the latter exhibiting a conspicuously ornamented perine, covered with sparse tubercles and ridges. The new species provides insights into potential herbivory interactions and the relationship between mid-Cretaceous polypod ferns and the smallest mite ever recorded. These findings suggest that Dennstaedtiaceae exhibited species-level diversity by the mid-Cretaceous, indicating an earlier origin of the family, potentially as early as the Early Jurassic, consistent with recent DNA-based time divergence estimates.
More Efficient and Reliable: Identifying RRab Stars with Blazhko Effect by Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Jiang Nan , Sun Tianrui , Pan Siyuan , Wang Lingzhi , Li Xue , Sheng Bin , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: January 2025

The physical origin of the Blazhko effect (BL), a phenomenon of a single or multiple periodic modulation(s) of the light curve, is under debate. Efficiently identifying and characterizing the BL is essential in understanding its origins and accounting for its effect on numerous applications of RRabs in the era of large time-domain surveys. In this study, we make use of Resnet 34, a well-known convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture, to identify RRab stars with BL from phased light curves collected from OGLE. Using reliably classified RRabs from frequency analysis to train, validate, and test our model, we show that our CNN method reaches accuracies up to 94%. We then applied our CNN method to some additional RRabs located in the Magellanic Cloud (MC) and the Galactic Bulge (GB), leading to the discovery of 113 and 2496 BL candidates, respectively. The identification accuracy for the MC Sample is estimated to be 91% after cross-matching the CNN classification results with those from frequency analysis. Similarly, the light-curve parameters of these classified BL/non-BL candidates by our CNN method from the GB region resemble those observed in the literature, confirming the reliability of our CNN classifications. Our CNN method is subject to issues related to light-curve quality and sampling, but its overall reliance on light-curve quality is comparable to that of frequency analysis. Furthermore, we find that BL modulation could be primarily characterized by variations in light-curve structure.
Tenofovir and Doravirine Are Potential Reverse-Transcriptase Analogs in Combination with the New Reverse-Transcriptase Translocation Inhibitor (Islatravir) Among Treatment-Experienced Patients in Cameroon: Designing Future Treatment Strategies for Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Nka Alex Durand , Bouba Yagai , Tsapi Lontsi Wilfried Rooker , Gouissi Anguechia Davy-Hyacinte , Teto Georges , Ka’e Aude christelle , Semengue Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni , Ambe Chenwi Collins , Takou Désiré , Forgwei Lum , Tekoh Tatiana Anim-Keng , Ngueko Aurelie Minelle Kengni , Fokou Bernadette Bomgning , Efakika Gabisa Jeremiah , Tchouaket Michel Carlos Tommo , TognaPabo Willy Leroi , Ayuk Ngwese Derrick Tambe , Njiki Bikoi Jacky , Armenia Daniele , Colizzi Vittorio , Yotebieng Marcel , Ndembi Nicaise , Santoro Maria-Mercedes , Ceccherini-Silberstein Francesca , Perno Carlo-Federico , Ndjolo Alexis , Fokam Joseph
Published: January 2025

Islatravir (ISL) is a novel antiretroviral that inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase translocation. The M184V mutation, known to reduce ISL’s viral susceptibility in vitro, could arise from prolonged exposure to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) (3TC). This study evaluated the predictive efficacy of ISL and identified potentially active antiretrovirals in combination among treatment-experienced patients in Cameroon, where NRTIs (3TC) have been the backbone of ART for decades now. Although ISL is a long-acting antiretroviral, it will provide other therapeutic options in combination with other reverse transcriptase inhibitors that remain effective. We analyzed 1170 HIV-1 sequences from patients failing first-, second-, and third-line ART using the CIRCB Antiviral Resistance Evaluation (CIRCB-CARE) database. Drug resistance mutations (DRMs) were interpreted using Stanford HIVdb.v9, and covariation patterns between M184V and major NRTI/NNRTI DRMs were assessed. The study population, with a median age of 40 years, showed a high prevalence of resistance to NRTIs (77.4%) and NNRTIs (49.2%). The most frequent NRTI DRMs were M184V/I (83.3%), M41L (25.0%), and T215FY (36.8%), while common NNRTI DRMs included K103NS (53.3%), Y181CIV (27.7%), and G190ASE (22.2%). In first-line ART failure, M184V significantly covaried with K70R, L74I, and M41L for NRTIs and K103N and G190A for NNRTIs. In second-line failure, the covariation with M184V extended to T215Y, M41L, and D67N for NRTIs and G190A, K103N, and K103S for NNRTIs. No significant covariation with M184V was observed in third-line treatment failures. Based on these covariations and on the effect of these mutations on available anti-HIV drugs, TDF (partial efficacy) and Doravirine (fully active) were identified as potentially suitable candidates in combination with ISL among patients failing the first, second, and third lines, and could serve as a valuable therapeutic option in LMICs facing similar treatment challenges.
DESIGN OF A WEARABLE DEVICE FOR MEASURING UTERINE FUNDAL HEIGHT IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Ferina Ferina , Indrayani Diyan , Sriyanti Chris , Oktalia Juli , Nurjannah Nurjannah , Kustiawan Iwan
Published: January 2025

Background: Accurate measurement of uterine fundal height (FU) is crucial for monitoring fetal development and identifying potential pregnancy complications. Traditional methods for measuring FU can be inconvenient and less precise with variations in provider competencies, which complicates effective antenatal care.
Objectives: This study presents the design of an innovative wearable device intended to facilitate midwives in measuring FU more easily and accurately. The device integrates the TF Mini S LiDAR sensor, inertial measurement units (IMU), and pressure sensors to offer continuous, real-time measurements of uterine fundal height.
Method: A mixed methods approach is utilized, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. Quantitatively, the device’s measurements are calibrated and validated against standard FU measurement techniques, achieving accuracies of X%, Y%, and Z% for the TF Mini S LiDAR sensor, IMU, and pressure sensors, respectively. Qualitatively, feedback from midwives through surveys and interviews assesses the device’s usability and clinical effectiveness.
Results: The wearable device demonstrates high accuracy in measuring FU, with results closely matching those of traditional methods, achieving a correlation coefficient of R. Feedback from midwives highlights that the device simplifies the measurement process and enhances accuracy, proving to be a valuable tool for antenatal care.
Conclusion: The wearable device designed for measuring FU provides midwives with a practical and precise tool for continuous monitoring. By integrating advanced sensors, the device improves both the accuracy and ease of FU measurement, potentially advancing antenatal care and enhancing patient outcomes. Future research will focus on further refining the technology and exploring its broader applications in clinical settings.
DIGITAL APPLICATION FOR LIFESTYLE PROMOTION IN PREDIABETES MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY IN BANDUNG CITY
Authors: Setiawan Ridwan - , Karjatin Atin , Herdhianta Dhimas
Published: January 2025

Background: Prediabetes is a condition where blood glucose levels are elevated but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. This condition is a significant global health challenge, especially in urban areas like Bandung. Effective prevention relies on lifestyle changes, which can be supported through accessible digital applications.
Objectives: To develop an accurate digital app model to support lifestyle changes in prediabetes and be able to differentiate well between various user groups.
Method: Data were collected from respondents regarding age, diabetes history, daily activity, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The model's effectiveness was assessed using Omnibus Tests of Model Coefficients, with accuracy evaluated through the Likelihood Ratio Test and ROC Curve analysis.
Results: The majority of respondents were under 45 years of old (88.1%) and  female (72.2%). Most had no diabetes history (92.1%) and were active daily (71.4%), with normal BMI in 57.9% of participants. Model testing revealed significant outcomes, with a p-value of 0.00 and an Asymptotic Significance of 0.006, alongside a likelihood ratio value of 81.962, underscoring the model’s accuracy and reliability.
Conclusion: The developed digital application is both accurate and reliable for promoting lifestyle changes in prediabetes.
Impact Assestement of Cultural Events on Tourism and Creative Economy Sector
Authors: Rusiawan Wawan , Wijayanti Sinar
Published: January 2025

This study explores the Dieng Creative Festival (DCF) management strategies that combine tourism and traditional ceremonies, emphasising community-based tourism (CBT) and collaboration for sustainable and independent festival management to benefit citizens. Qualitative ethnographic methods are used in this study to reveal the meaning of a culture by interpreting objects, stories, rituals, and practices in a cultural group. The results of the survey show that DCF can have a significant impact on the tourism and creative economy sectors if the event organisers implement the following strategy: DCF organisers need to determine the orientation of the organisation in the form of increasing the tourism industry economy; preserving local traditions; and synergy between the two. The orientation of the DCF implementation aims to align the needs of preserving tradition and increasing the tourism economy, it is necessary to involve residents in its planning and implementation. Resident participation is closely related to efforts to preserve living traditions. DCF organisers need to determine the target audience for their festival. Festival development can be directed by building a strategy for packaging events, promotions, implementation schedules, attractions, amenities, and other supporting hospitality facilities. DCF has provided business opportunities for small business actors. Festival organisers need to provide access to MSMEs and increase their equality. The government is advised to be a catalyst for implementing sustainable festivals. In addition to funding support for DCF, the government needs to provide space and facilities that bring together festival organisers, including residents, business actors, academics, and the media. This space can be helpful for organisers to learn and network to improve the festival's quality
Vínculo Universidad - Centros de Capacitación y el Perfeccionamiento de la Superación en Sectores Estratégicos
Authors: Santiesteban Labañino María , Licea Milán Doris
Published: January 2025

La Superación de los profesionales y no profesionales en sectores estratégicos que desarrolla la Dirección de Posgrado. Se dirige al perfeccionamiento de la Educación Superior el vínculo de la universidad con la sociedad, en especial con los sectores productivos para influir en el desarrollo de las capacidades transformadoras de profesionales y no profesionales, en particular con el Centro de Capacitación de la Construcción en Santiago de Cuba. Con el uso de métodos y técnicas de investigación, tanto del nivel teórico como empírico, se fortaleció la preparación de los profesores de este centro y comprensión del proceso de superación profesional y de capacitación de los operarios y técnicos. La superación influyó en un mayor alcance y permanencia de los beneficiarios.
Dor pélvica crônica: uma abordagem multidisciplinar
Authors: Barbosa Rafael Pamplona Lemes , Andrade João Gabriel Alvarenga , Vasconcelos Daniele Cordeiro , Diniz Igor Viana , Cabral Luís Filipe Fernandes
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A Dor Pélvica Crônica (DPC) é uma condição multifatorial caracterizada por dor persistente na região pélvica com duração superior a seis meses. Predomina em mulheres, com prevalência entre 11,5% e 19% no Brasil, e está associada a fatores neurológicos, ginecológicos, urológicos, gastrointestinais e emocionais, sem compreender a causa definitiva. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a abordagem multidisciplinar para o manejo da DPC. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa realizada nas bases PubMed e SciELO, com descritores como "Dor Crônica", "Dor Pélvica", "Clínica da Dor", "Manejo da Dor" e "Pelve". Foram incluídos artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2024, nos idiomas português e inglês, que abordassem a DPC sob enfoque multidisciplinar. Estudos publicados há mais de cinco anos ou disponíveis apenas como resumo foram excluídos. Discussão: O diagnóstico da DPC exige exames de imagem, como ultrassonografia pélvica e transvaginal, para descartar alterações estruturais. Exames laboratoriais devem ser utilizados para excluir causas específicas, como infecções. O tratamento integra estratégias não farmacológicas, como terapia cognitivo-comportamental, técnicas de relaxamento, exercícios para o assoalho pélvico e atividades físicas, fundamentais para reduzir a dor e melhorar a funcionalidade. Já o manejo farmacológico, realizado com cautela, inclui analgésicos, anti-inflamatórios, terapia hormonal para dores relacionadas ao ciclo menstrual, antidepressivos tricíclicos, gabapentina para dor neuropática e relaxantes musculares para espasmos agudos. Conclusão: A abordagem multidisciplinar é essencial para o manejo eficaz da DPC, contemplando não apenas os sintomas físicos, mas também os fatores psicossociais associados. Essa estratégia abrangente contribui para melhorar a precisão diagnóstica, otimizar os resultados terapêuticos e promover uma melhor qualidade de vida para o paciente.
Tratamento percutâneo guiado por ultrassonografia da neuropatia compressiva do nervo supraescapular: relato de caso
Authors: Ribeiro Matheus da Silva , Abreu Pedro Vinícius Araújo de , Giacomini Victor Queiroz , Junior Mario Soares Ferreira
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A neuropatia compressiva do nervo supraescapular, descrita por Thompson e Kopell em 1959, é uma condição rara e frequentemente negligenciada. O avanço nos exames de imagem e eletrofisiológicos permitiram uma melhor identificação dessa patologia. A descompressão cirúrgica do nervo supraescapular ainda carece de indicações claras e há complicações pós-operatórias. Relato De Caso: Apresentamos um paciente do sexo masculino, 61 anos, com dor crônica no ombro esquerdo, diagnosticado com compressão do nervo supraescapular devido à ossificação do ligamento transverso superior da escápula. Após infiltração guiada por ultrassonografia com lidocaína e corticoide, observou-se redução significativa da dor e melhora funcional, permitindo reabilitação adequada. O paciente se manteve assintomático em reavaliações realizadas em 1, 3 e 6 meses. Discussão: A neuropatia do nervo supraescapular é frequentemente subdiagnosticada, e a identificação precoce é crucial para um manejo eficaz. A infiltração percutânea guiada por ultrassonografia, além de proporcionar alívio rápido da dor, pode facilitar a reabilitação, sendo especialmente útil para pacientes que não desejam submeter-se a cirurgia. As evidências disponíveis indicam que essa abordagem minimamente invasiva pode ser uma solução eficaz antes de considerar intervenções cirúrgicas em casos refratários ao tratamento conservador. Conclusão: A neuropatia compressiva do nervo supraescapular é uma condição rara, cuja abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica pode ser significativamente melhorada com técnicas minimamente invasivas, como a infiltração anestésica percutânea. Esta estratégia oferece alívio da dor e melhora funcional, posicionando-se como uma alternativa viável ante a procedimentos cirúrgicos.
Purification technologies of monoclonal antibodies: chromatographic methods
Authors: jafarzadehchehraghi Elnaz alsadat , Akbarzadehlaleh Parvin , Shamsasenjan Karim
Published: January 2025

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have gained increasing significance in the biopharmaceutical’s research and production field because of their precise targeting and therapeutic potential. The purification of mAbs is a crucial stage in production, ensuring the elimination of impurities for a top-quality, safe, and efficient final product. Chromatographic methods including affinity chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography are commonly utilized to selectively capture and purify mAbs from complex mixtures by exploiting their unique properties, such as antigen-binding specificity or their surface charge and hydrophobicity. This review provides an overview of the current chromatographic techniques for mAbs purification, and to this aim delves into recent advancements and emerging trends in mAb purification, including the application of multi-modal ligands, membrane adsorbers, and continuous processing. These innovations aim to enhance efficiency, selectivity, and reliability while reducing processing time and costs, ultimately contributing to the development of safe and effective mAb-based therapies. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of choosing suitable methods based on the unique properties of the mAb and the desired quality attributes of the end product.