bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Miconazole promotes cooperative ability of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wang Ze , Zhang Yanli , Feng Weixi , Pang Yingting , Chen Sijia , Ding Shixin , Chen Yan , Sheng Chengyu , Marshall Charles , Shi Jingping , Xiao Ming
Published: March 2022

Background and Purpose: Cooperative defect is one of the earliest
manifestations of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the
underlying mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of the current study
was to address this issue. Experimental Approach: The cooperative
function of APP/PS1 transgenic AD model mice at ages 2, 5 and 8 months
was evaluated by a cooperative drinking task. Neuropathological changes
were examined in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a key brain area
regulating social behavior. Another experiment was designed to observe
whether miconazole, a drug has a protective effect on myelin sheath,
could promote cooperative ability of APP/PS1 mice in the early AD-like
stage. The protective effects of miconazole on cultured mouse cortical
oligodendrocytes exposed to human amyloid β peptide (Aβ1-42) peptide
were also investigated. Key Results: There was an age-dependent
impairment of cooperative drinking water behavior in APP/PS1 mice. AD
mice with cooperative dysfunction showed decreases in myelin sheath
thickness, oligodendrocyte nuclear heterochromatin percentage and myelin
basic protein expression levels in the mPFC. The cooperative ability was
significantly improved in APP/PS1 mice treated with miconazole.
Consistently, miconazole increased oligodendrocyte maturation and myelin
sheath thickness, without reducing Aβ plaque deposition in the mPFC.
Miconazole protected cultured oligodendrocytes from the toxicity of
Aβ1-42. Conclusions and Implications: These results demonstrate that
mPFC myelin hypomyelination is involved in cooperative deficits of
APP/PS1 mice. Improving myelination via miconazole therapy may offer a
potential therapeutic approach for early intervention of AD.
The Influence of H2SO4●●●H2O and (H2SO4)2 on hydrolysis of formaldehyde: a potential source of methanediol in troposphere
Authors: Zhang Yongqi , Huang Longjie , Cheng Yang , Ye Teng , Xu Yan , Dang Linlin , Zhang Tianlei , Xu Haitao , Zhou Ke
Published: March 2022

The hydrolysis of formaldehyde (HCHO) assisted by bimolecular acidic
catalysts of H2SO4●●●H2O and (H2SO4)2 under different concentrations of
H2SO4 and H2O were performed by quantum chemical calculations and the
Master Equation method. The calculated results show that H2SO4●●●H2O and
(H2SO4)2 catalyzed hydrolysis reaction of HCHO can occur through both
one-step route and stepwise process. Effective rate coefficients (kt′)
within the temperature range of 280-320 K show that H2SO4●●●H2O assisted
reaction via stepwise route exerts the strongest catalytic role in
increasing the rate of the hydrolysis of HCHO among all the hydrolysis
reactions with H2SO4●●●H2O and (H2SO4)2 with its effective rate
coefficient larger by at least 1 order of magnitude. As compared with
the naked hydrolysis of HCHO, the favorable route of the hydrolysis of
HCHO with H2SO4●●●H2O can reduce the energy barrier by 32.0 kcal·mol-1.
Meanwhile, this reaction is also lower by another 0.8-17.6 kcal·mol-1
than that with H2SO4, HCOOH, HNO3, CH3COOH, H2O and (H2O)2. The
calculated kt′ also reveals that the hydrolysis of HCHO with H2SO4●●●H2O
([H2SO4] =108 molecules∙cm-3 and [H2O] at 20%-100% RH) is more
effective than that with H2O and (H2O)2 within 280-320 K, and can
compete well with the hydrolysis of HCHO in the presence of HCOOH (2-10
ppbv), HNO3 (1011 molecules●cm-3), CH3COOH (1-5 ppbv) within 280-320 K.
So, this work predicts that H2SO4●●●H2O can play a significant role in
the hydrolysis of HCHO in the condition of wet areas with relatively
high H2SO4-polluted.
Giant Multinodular Goiter since 24 years; hidden in a village of Western Nepal
Authors: Sigdel Brihaspati , Neupane Bhima , Pokhrel Amrit , Nepali Prakash
Published: March 2022

Here we present the case of giant multinodular goiter with retrosternal
extension in a old lady with dyspnea for 3 months. Patient was s treated
with microscopic assisted thyroidectomy without complication.
Recurrent Group G Streptococcus Bacteraemia: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ghazanfar Haider , Qureshi Zaheer , Kalangi Harika , Ata Subhan , Jyala Abhilasha , Perez Esther
Published: March 2022

Streptococci Group G is an important opportunistic pathogen and causes a
wide variety of infections. We discuss a case of recurrent group G
streptococcal bacteremia in a 68-year-old male presenting with altered
mental status. We also discuss the risk factors, etiology,
pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of group G streptococcal
bacteremia
Subarachnoid hemorrhage due to middle cerebral artery dissection misdiagnosed as a saccular aneurysm - case report
Authors: Lee Jong Myong
Published: March 2022

A 74-years old female patient presented with headache and neck pain for
four days. The patient was treated surgically. However, no saccular
aneurysm was found during surgery, and the diagnosis was corrected to
middle cerebral artery dissection. We treated the dissected segment of
the MCA and performed clip reinforcement.
Numerical simulation of nasal resistance using three-dimensional models of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus
Authors: Kaneda Shoji , Goto Fumiyuki , Okami Kenji , Mitsutani Reo , Takakura Yoko
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Previously, we used a nasal cavity model to analyze the
intranasal airflow dynamics and numerically calculate the nasal
resistance value. Here, we created a nasal sinus model that is closer to
the real human body and calculated the nasal resistance value. Moreover,
we performed comparisons of the measured and simulation data. Setting:
The models were healthy adult volunteers: a 35-year-old man (model 1)
and a 25-year-old man (model 2), who were used as nasal cavity and
paranasal sinus models. A 1.0-mm slice computed tomography (CT) was
performed and a nasal sinus model was created. We compared the nasal
resistance of the simulation value with that of the measured value
obtained using rhinomanometry. Results: In model 1, the measured
(simulation) value was 0.69 (0.48) on the right, 1.10 (0.41) on the
left, and 0.42 (0.22) on both sides. In model 2, the measured
(simulation) value was 0.72 (0.21) on the right, 0.32 (0.09) on the
left, and 0.22 (0.06) on both sides. Conclusion: We observed a
difference between the simulation and measured values, possibly because
of the length of the inferior turbinate and the cross-sectional area of
the choana and nasopharynx. Further experiments using additional nasal
cavity and paranasal sinus models are warranted.
Dexmedetomidine for Sedated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Harvest and Lymphocyte Apheresis in the PICU: Guideline Development
Authors: MAGNER KRISTIN , Mikhailov Theresa , Simpson Pippa , Anderson Lynette , Buchman Elizabeth , Gedeit Rainer , Margolis David , Meyer Michael
Published: March 2022

Background: Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) harvest apheresis and
leukapheresis are performed in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU)
for high-risk pediatric patients who require procedural sedation.
Patients need central access either with their own central lines, ports
or require apheresis catheter (CVL) placement. Previously, patients were
either awake or emerging from sedation on PICU admission. Uncertainty
regarding procedural sedation plans caused delays initiating sedation
and apheresis. A guideline was developed to standardize Dexmedetomidine
(DEX) for procedural sedation. We investigated if guideline
implementation would improve efficiency during PICU admission as
demonstrated by shorter time intervals for initiation of sedation,
apheresis, PICU length of stay and less alternative sedating medication.
Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from electronic health
records of pre-guideline and post-guideline patients who were admitted
to the PICU for sedated apheresis. We compared demographic and clinical
characteristics, time intervals for sedation, apheresis, PICU length of
stay, and sedation agents between the two groups using Fisher Exact
tests and Mann-Whitney tests, as appropriate. Results: The groups did
not differ in age or weight at the time of apheresis. All intervals of
time compared were shorter post-guideline. Time intervals from admission
to start of sedation, admission to start of apheresis, and admission to
end of apheresis were statistically significantly different. The type
and number of alternative sedating medications administered did not
differ between the two groups. Conclusion: This guideline implementation
improved efficiency during PICU admission. This study might have been
too small to demonstrate statistically significant differences in other
time intervals studied.
Successful treatment of cerebrospinal fluid leakage after intrathecal analgesia with epidural blood patch combined with fibrin glue: A case report
Authors: Yang N. , Wang Lj. , Su C. , Zhao Shuwu
Published: March 2022

Considering the difficulty in the treatment of cerebrospinal fluid
leakage （CSFL） caused by intrathecal catheterization, we report here a
case of successful treatment of CSFL after Intrathecal drug delivery
system implantation with an epidural blood patch combined with fibrin
glue.
Study on cavern evolution and performance of three mixers in agitation of yield-pseudoplasitc fluids
Authors: Wang Songsong , Li hong , Tao Changyuan , Liu renlong , Wang Yundong , Liu Zuohua
Published: March 2022

The hydrodynamic performance of the three mixers (single shaft central
mixer, single shaft off-centred mixer, dual shaft off-centred mixer,
i.e. SSC, SSO, DSO), was investigated in the mixing of
yield-pseudoplastic fluids (xanthan gum solutions) in the laminar
regime. Computational Fluid Dynamics was employed to simulation the
apparent viscosity distribution, mixing time and the flow pattern in the
stirred tank. The influence mechanism of the rotational speed and fluid
rheology on the cavern evolution was explored deeply. The results
verified that the faster the rotating speed, the greater influence of
the fluid rheology was obtained on the cavern evolution. Moreover, the
Nt95 of DSO was nearly 42.8% and 6.1% shorter than that of SSC and SSO
at the same Re*, respectively. These data also revealed that the DSO was
more efficient than SSC and SSO in mixing of yield pseudoplastic fluids
with regard to the mixing time and power drawn.
Feeding strategy and dietary preference shape the microbiome of epipelagic copepods in a warm nutrient-impoverished ecosystem
Authors: Velasquez Ximena , Morov Arseniy , Belkin Natalia , Kurt Tuba Terbiyik , Rubin-Blum Maxim , Tchernov Dan , Meron Dalit , Guy-Haim Tamar
Published: March 2022

Copepods provide a rich organic microenvironment allowing the settlement
and proliferation of microorganisms, forming dynamic microbial hotspots
in the oceans. Such symbiotic associations in the plankton were
previously hypothesized to be especially developed in warm oligotrophic
seas, as they have a potential role in enhancing nutrient availability
in biologically-poor waters. Aiming to better understand how copepod
microbiomes are shaped in an oligotrophic sea, we characterized
microbiota associated with three dominant coastal epipelagic copepod
species in the ultra-oligotrophic Eastern Mediterranean Sea using
amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Our results show that
copepod-associated microbial communities were host-specific rather than
determined by seasonal environmental changes. In the filter-feeding
copepod with a tendency to herbivory, Temora stylifera, microbial
diversity was low and relatively stable throughout the year. In
contrast, omnivorous copepods, the ambush-feeding Oithona nana
and the mixed-feeding Centropages ponticus, harbored more diverse
microbiomes dominated by transient taxa. We suggest that filter-feeding
strategy and narrow food spectrum can limit copepod-microbe
interactions, while the ambush and mixed feeding strategies combined
with omnivory confer higher microbial diversity. Filter feeders may
reduce the recruitment of opportunistic microbes by maintaining high
fidelity associations, as indicated by the large number of core taxa in
T. stylifera. We underline the importance of the copepod-microbe
associations in nutrient-impoverished ecosystems, based on predicted
enrichment of nitrogen metabolism in the core microbiome, mostly during
summer when the shallow coastal waters are nitrogen-depleted.
Long-term survival of a 60-year-old female with locally advanced pancreatic cancer under repeated open approach radiofrequency ablation: A Case Report
Authors: Zhang Jiayi , Ding Jianmin , Zhou Yan , Jing Xiang
Published: March 2022

A female of 60 years old who suffered from 2-month intermittent upper
abdominal pains, was adopted by the hospital. She once went through
radical gastrectomy (BillrothⅡ) oriented with gastric antral cancer.
CE-CT and abdominal ultrasound displayed a primary tumor on the neck of
pancreas. Pathological examination exhibited that the lesion is a
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. According to the results of the
imaging, the open approach radiofrequency ablation therapy was selected
to be the treatment of the primary tumor. A local recurrent tumor was
discovered in the follow-up CE-CT after 8 months with the performance of
another open RFA. In spite of the evidence that RFA for the recurrence
of other cancers like hepatocellular carcinoma might lengthen the
survival of the patients, whether repeated RFA of local recurrence of
pancreatic cancer is feasible is still unclear. The patient still enjoys
her 9-year existence following the first RFA. It is promising that some
cases still reveal the attainment of long-term survival based on
repeated open RFA.
A seasonal pulse of ungulate neonates influences space use by carnivores in a multi-predator, multi-prey system
Authors: Ruprecht Joel , Forrester Tavis , Jackson Nathan , Clark Darren , Wisdom Michael , Rowland Mary , Smith Joshua , Stewart Kelley , Levi Taal
Published: March 2022

Understanding the extent to which predators engage in active search for
prey versus incidentally encountering them is important because active
search can exert a stabilizing force on prey populations by alleviating
predation pressure on low-density prey and increasing it for
high-density prey. Parturition of many large herbivores occurs during a
short and predictable temporal window in which young are highly
vulnerable to predation. Our study aims to determine how a suite of
carnivores responds to the seasonal pulse of newborn ungulates using
contemporaneous GPS locations of four species of predators and two
species of prey. We used step-selection functions to assess whether
coyotes, cougars, black bears, and bobcats actively searched for
parturient females in a low-density population of mule deer and a
high-density population of elk. We then assessed whether searching
carnivores shifted their habitat use toward areas exhibiting a high
probability of encountering neonates. None of the four carnivore species
encountered parturient mule deer more often than expected by chance
suggesting that predation of young resulted from incidental encounters.
By contrast, we determined that cougar and male bear movements
positioned them in proximity of parturient elk more often than expected
by chance which is evidence of searching behavior. Although both male
bears and cougars searched for neonates, only male bears used elk
parturition habitat in a way that dynamically tracked the phenology of
the elk birth pulse suggesting that maximizing encounters with juvenile
elk was a motivation when selecting resources. Our results support the
existence of a stabilizing mechanism to prey populations through active
search behavior by predators because carnivores in our study searched
for the high-density prey species (elk) but ignored the low-density
species (mule deer). We conclude that prey density must be high enough
to warrant active search, and that there is high interspecific and
intersexual variability in foraging strategies among large mammalian
predators and their prey.
Genomic and immune microenvironment profiling in a case of metastatic intrathyroid thymic carcinoma
Authors: Ishii Hiroki , Tsujikawa Takahiro , Oishi Naoki , Kinouchi Arisa , Sakamoto Kaname , Mitsuda Junichi , Ogi Hiroshi , Itoh Kyoko , Kondo Tetsuo , Hirano Shigeru , Sakurai Daiju
Published: March 2022

Metastatic intrathyroid thymic carcinoma (ITTC) is a rare cancer that
has no effective drugs. Herein, we report that comprehensive cancer
mutation analysis revealed amplification of CD274 gene encoding PD-L1.
Multiplex immunohistochemistry also clarified the presence of an
immunosuppressive microenvironment via a PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in
metastatic ITTC.
Findings of a fractured dental needle; A case report.
Authors: khan nazia , mabongo mzubanzi , Shaik Shoayeb
Published: March 2022

The following case report describes a patient that presented with a
dental needle that fractured during an inferior alveolar nerve block.
Upon presentation, the patient had surgical emphysema that resolved and
trauma to adjacent soft tissue. The needle was not removed, however the
findings are presented.
COVID-19 in Genomics:A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Pang Xuemeng , zheng xin , shi jingjing
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Objective To analyze the current status, hotspots and frontier
trends of genomics research on the outbreak of novel coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) from 2019 to the present (March 2022). Methods Using
citespace software to conduct statistical and visual analysis of data in
each country, institutions, authors, journals, co-cited literature,
keywords, etc. were published on the 2019-2022 Web of Science Core
Collection Database (WOS) on the genomics of novel coronavirus pneumonia
Results of related literature. Results A total of 9,121 English
literatures were included. In 2021, the number of publications has
increased significantly, and it is expected to continue to show a
continuous upward trend in the future. The research hotspots of COVID-19
revolve around quarantine, biological management, angiotensin-converting
enzyme-2, rna-dependent rna polymerase, etc. Research fronts and trends
focus on molecular docking, messenger RNA,functional receptor, etc.
Conclusion The research attention in the field of novel coronavirus
pneumonia genomics has increased significantly in the past two years.
Response and mechanism of grain yield and zinc content of polished rice to zinc-fertilizer management: a soil bacteria community variation perspective
Authors: Xiao Yang , Zhou Bo , Han Zhuangzhuang , Liu Shenzhou , Ding Can , Jia Feifei , Zeng Wenzhi
Published: March 2022

Zinc is an essential minor element for the rice growth and the human
health. Applying Zn fertilizer to rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is an
effective way to boost yield and grain zinc content. As the most active
component in soil, microorganisms can realize a virtuous cycle of soil
nutrients and crop growth. However, current studies on the impacts of Zn
fertilizer application on crop yield and grain Zn content are
inconsistent. The mechanism during the process, especially concerning
the soil bacterial community characteristics, is yet unclear. Therefore,
it’s important to have a comprehensive understanding of the rice
rhizosphere bacterial communities. We took advantage of 16S rRNA gene
sequencing and co-occurrence network analysis to study the effects of Zn
fertilizer application on the rice grain yield, Zn content and the soil
bacterial community. Results showed that Zn application (ZS2, i.e.,
10.35 kg ha Zn soil application + 3.10 kg ha
foliar spraying) increased the grain yield
(17.34%~19.52%) and enriched the Zn content of
polished rice (1.40%~20.05%) compared with the control
group (ZS0) treatments. This was closely correlated to the soil
available Zn (AZ) contents (1.16%~85.69%).
Furthermore, soil total nitrogen (TN) was considered as the primary
driver which led to a community shift in the rice rhizosphere bacterial
community. This was mainly due to the variation in the co-occurrence
network which made more complex and stable caused by the Zn fertilizer
application. Thus, the interaction between different species was
strengthened. During the process, the most critical bacteria taxa were
identified as Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and
Chloroflexi. KEGG metabolic pathway prediction demonstrated that Zn
application may improve metabolism functions such as lipid metabolism,
amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and xenobiotics
biodegradation, which ultimately affected the yield and Zn content of
rice grains. However, their positive effects were different among rice
cultivars, of which Nanjing-9108 performed better. This study deepens
the understanding of the interaction between Zn fertilizer, rice yield,
Zn content of rice grain, and soil bacterial structure and further
navigates the development of Zn-rich rice cultivation strategies.
Potential therapeutic role of fluvoxamine in COVID-19: A systematic review
Authors: Cardoso Francisco , Moreira Ricardo , Rocha Luís , Coelho Maria
Published: March 2022

Fluvoxamine is a selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI),
well-tolerated and widely available, usually used in the management of
mental-health conditions. Fluvoxamine is also a sigma-1 agonist with
high affinity to this receptor and this pharmacodynamical effect has
been being portrayed as the main explanation in emerging evidence about
the potential of using fluvoxamine in COVID-19 patients. This systematic
review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The search was
run in MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CENTRAL from the Cochrane databases.
The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022302025). Our aim
was to assess the present evidence for therapeutic role of fluvoxamine
in COVID-19 patients, the review included studies which evaluate the
effect of fluvoxamine in COVID-19 patients. The main outcomes evaluated
in the review were: mortality, need for hospitalization (outpatients)
and clinical deterioration. The quality control of the selected articles
was made using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool for the randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) and the ROBINS-I criteria for non-randomized
studies. A total of 4 studies were included in the final qualitative
analysis of the review, 2 of which were RCTs, and the others were
open-label prospective cohorts. 3 studies assessed outpatient population
and 1 evaluated ICU population. Overall, the 4 studies included a total
of 1864 participants. In conclusion, 3 studies with outpatients showed
that fluvoxamine treatment can prevent clinical deterioration,
hospitalisation, or proxy-hospitalisation. The only study with patients
hospitalized in the ICU also demonstrated a therapeutic benefit reducing
overall mortality.
Changes in Key Recruitment Performance Metrics from 2008-2019 in Industry-sponsored Phase III Clinical Trials Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Mikkelsen Mette Brøgger , Zibert John , Andersen Anders , Lassen Ulrik , Hædersdal Merete , Ali Zarqa , Thomsen Simon Francis
Published: March 2022

Background: Increasing costs and complexity in clinical trials requires
recruitment of more narrowly defined patient populations. However,
recruitment for clinical trials remains a considerable challenge. Aim:
Our overall aim was to quantify recruitment performance in
industry-sponsored phase III clinical trials conducted globally during
2008-2019 with primary aim to examine development of overall clinical
trial measures (number of trials completed, number of participants
enrolled, trial duration in months) and key recruitment metrics
(recruitment rate, number of sites, number of patients enrolled per
site). Methods: The publicly available AACT database containing data on
all trials registered at ClinicalTrials.gov since 2008 was used. The
analysis was completed during three time periods from 2008-2019 of 4
years each. Results and conclusion: Recruitment duration for
industry-sponsored phase III clinical trials have increased
significantly during the last 12 years from an average recruitment
period of 13 months (IQR 7-23) in 2008-2011 to 18 months (IQR 11-28) in
2016-2019 (p = 0.0068). Further, phase III clinical trials have
increased the number of registered sites per clinical trial by more than
30% during the last 12 years from a median number 43 sites (IQR 17-84)
in 2012-2015 to 64 sites (IQR 30-118) in 2016-2019 (p = 0.025), and
concurrently, the number of participants enrolled in clinical research
has decreased significantly from 2012-2015 and 2016-2019 (p = 0.046). We
believe that these findings indicate that recruitment for phase III
clinical trials is less effective today compared to 12 years ago.
Transitioning from environmental genetics to genomics using mitogenome reference databases
Authors: Dziedzic Emily , Sidlauskas Brian , Cronn Richard , Anthony James , Cornwell Trevan , Friesen Thomas , Konstantinidis Peter , Penaluna Brooke , Stein Staci , Levi Taal
Published: March 2022

Species detection using eDNA is revolutionizing the global capacity to
monitor biodiversity. However, the lack of regional, vouchered, genomic
sequence information—especially sequence information that includes
intraspecific variation—creates a bottleneck for management agencies
wanting to harness the complete power of eDNA to monitor taxa and
implement eDNA analyses. eDNA studies depend upon regional databases of
complete mitogenomic sequence information to evaluate the effectiveness
of such data to differentiate, identify and detect taxa. We created the
Oregon Biodiversity Genome Project working group to utilize recent
advances in sequencing technology to create a database of complete, near
error-free mitogenomic sequences for all of Oregon’s resident freshwater
fishes. So far, we have successfully assembled the complete mitogenomes
of 313 specimens of freshwater fish representing 7 families, 55 genera,
and 129 (88%) of the 146 resident species and lineages. Our comparative
analyses of these sequences illustrate that the short
(~150 bp) mitochondrial “barcode” regions typically
used for eDNA assays are not consistently diagnostic for species-level
identification and that no single region is best for metabarcoding
Oregon’s fishes. However, often-overlooked intergenic regions of the
mitogenome such as the D-loop have the potential to reliably diagnose
and differentiate species. This project provides a blueprint for other
researchers to follow as they build regional databases. It also
illustrates the taxonomic value and limits of complete mitogenomic
sequences, and how current eDNA assays and the “PCR-free”
environmental genomics methods of the future can best leverage this
information.
Conjugation with 8-arm PEG and CRM197 enhances the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 protein
Authors: Tang Xiaozhao , Yu Weili , Shen Lijuan , Qi Jinming , Hu Tao
Published: March 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 variants raise concerns about the effectiveness of
vaccines. Safe and effective vaccines are urgently needed to combat the
COVID-19 pandemic. As a SARS-CoV-2 antigen target, ORF8 strongly
inhibits the IFN-β and NF-κB-responsive promoter, which is a potential
antigen target for the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Adjuvants or
delivery system were necessitated to improve the immunogenicity of ORF8.
CRM197 was a carrier protein with the ability to activate T helper cells
for antigens. Eight-arm PEG could conjugate multiple antigen molecules
in one entity with inherent adjuvant effect. In the present study, ORF8
was conjugated with CRM197 and 8-arm PEG, respectively. The cellular and
humoral immune responses to the conjugates (ORF8-CRM and ORF8-PEG) were
evaluated in the BALB/c mice. As compared with ORF8-CRM and ORF8
administrated with aluminum adjuvant (ORF8/AL), ORF8-PEG induced a
higher ORF8-specific IgG titer (2.6x10), higher
levels of cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IFN-β, and IL-5), stronger splenocyte
proliferation. Thus, conjugation with 8-arm PEG was an effective method
to improve the immune response to ORF8. Moreover, ORF8-PEG did not lead
to apparent toxicity to the cardiac, liver and renal functions. ORF8-PEG
was expected to act as an effective vaccine to provide the immune
protection against SARS-CoV-2.
The interplay between prior selection, mild intermittent exposure, and acute severe exposure in phenotypic and transcriptional response to hypoxia
Authors: Ekwudo Millicent , Malek Morad , Anderson Cora , Yampolsky Lev
Published: March 2022

Hypoxia has profound and diverse effects on aerobic organisms,
disrupting oxidative phosphorylation and activating several protective
pathways. Predictions have been made that exposure to mild intermittent
hypoxia may be protective against more severe exposure and may extend
lifespan. Both effects are likely to depend on prior selection on
phenotypic and transcriptional plasticity in response to hypoxia, and
may therefore show signs of local adaptation. Here we report the
lifespan effects of chronic, mild, intermittent hypoxia (CMIH) and
short-term survival in acute severe hypoxia (ASH) in four clones of
Daphnia magna originating from either permanent or intermittent
habitats, the latter regularly drying up with frequent hypoxic
conditions. We show that CMIH extended the lifespan in the two clones
originating from intermittent habitats but had the opposite effect in
the two clones from permanent habitats, which also showed lower
tolerance to ASH. Exposure to CMIH did not protect against ASH; to the
contrary, Daphnia from the CMIH treatment had lower ASH tolerance than
normoxic controls. Few transcripts changed their abundance in response
to the CMIH treatment in any of the clones. After 12 hours of ASH
treatment, the transcriptional response was more pronounced, with
numerous protein-coding genes with functionality in mitochondrial and
respiratory metabolism, oxygen transport, and, unexpectedly,
gluconeogenesis showing up-regulation. While clones from intermittent
habitats showed somewhat stronger differential expression in response to
ASH than those from permanent habitats, there were no significant
hypoxia-by-habitat of origin or CMIH-by-ASH interactions. GO enrichment
analysis revealed a possible hypoxia tolerance role by accelerating the
molting cycle and regulating neuron survival through up-regulation of
cuticular proteins and neurotrophins, respectively.
High-resolution tracking of social interactions highlights nocturnal drivers of animal sociality
Authors: Bordes Camille , Beukeboom Rosanne , Goll Yael , Koren Lee , Ilany Amiyaal
Published: March 2022

Network structure is a key driver of animal survival, reproductive
success, pathogen transmission, and information spread in animal
societies. Yet our knowledge of animal social structure is mostly
limited to species’ main activity periods. Here, we investigated the
role of nocturnal sociality in a wild herbivore population, the rock
hyrax (Procavia capensis). Using proximity loggers, we recorded nearly
15,000 encounters over 27 days. We show that hyraxes are choosier
regarding their social partners at night. At multiple temporal scales,
they maintain their overall network topology while reallocating the
weights of social relationships. Our results show that nighttime
underground sociality can be an optimal baseline shaping hyrax diurnal
interactions above ground. The results also suggest that complex social
dynamics are not reserved to species characterized by high cognitive
abilities and shed light on the function of nocturnal social
interactions in diurnal social species.
Potential distribution of the rare and endangered Satyrium Species in China under climate change
Authors: Ouyang Xianheng , Bai Shihao , Strachan Garry Brien , Mao Yangjun , Zuo Luying , Yang Yang , Chen Anliang
Published: March 2022

Satyrium is an endangered and rare genus of plant that has various
pharmacodynamic functions. In this study, MaxEnt default parameters were
adjusted by the ENMeval package. Optimized MaxEnt models were used in
analyzing potential geographical distributions under current and future
climatic conditions (the 2050s and 2070s) and dominant environmental
variables influencing their geographic distribution. The results
provided reference for implementation of long-term conservation and
management approaches for the species. The results showed the area of
the total suitable habitat for S. ciliatum in China is 32.51 × 104 km2,
the total suitable habitat area for S. nepalense in China is 61.76 × 104
km2, and the area of the total suitable habitat for S. yunnanense in
China is 89.73 × 104 km2 under current climatic conditions. The
potential suitable habitat of Satyrium is mainly distributed in
Southwest China. The major environmental variables influencing the
geographical distribution of S. ciliatum were isothermality (bio3),
temperature seasonality (bio4), and mean temperature of coldest quarter
(bio11). Environmental variables such as isothermality (bio3),
temperature seasonality (bio4), and precipitation of coldest quarter
(bio19) affected the geographical distribution of S. nepalense; and
environmental variables such as isothermality (bio3), temperature
seasonality (bio4), and lower temperature of coldest month (bio6)
affected the geographical distribution of S. yunnanense. The
distribution range of Satyrium was extended as global warming increased,
showing emissions of greenhouse gases with lower concentration
(SSP1-2.6) and higher concentration (SSP5-8.5). According to the study,
the distribution of suitable habitat will shift with a change to higher
elevation areas and higher latitude areas in the future.
Bisphosphates for osteoporosis: a bibliometric analysis of the most cited articles
Authors: Zhang Yu , Hu Man , Wang Junwu , Wang Pingchuan , Shi Pengzhi , Zhao Wenjie , Liu Xin , Peng Qing , Meng Bo , Chen Chen , Feng Xinmin , Wang Yongxiang , Zhang Liang
Published: March 2022

Osteoporosis has become a major public health problem and bisphosphates
treatment for osteoporosis is a rapidly developing research field. Every
year, many studies are devoted to the treatment of osteoporosis, which
makes clinicians have a new understanding of bisphosphates treatment for
osteoporosis. However, the quality of the scientific papers in this area
is unclear. The aim of the present study was to characterize the 100
top-cited articles regarding bisphosphates treatment for osteoporosis.
This analysis provides an accessible list for practitioners of
endocrinology, pharmacy, epidemiology, imaging, surgery and scientific
research to identify the most frequently cited literature, and better
understand the future direction.
An approach to email categorization and response generation
Authors: Arsovski Sasa , Oladele Muniru , Cheok Adrian , Premcevski Velibor , Markoski Branko
Published: March 2022

The creation of automatic e-mail responder systems with human-quality responses is challenging due to the ambiguity of meanings and difficulty in response modeling. In this paper, we present the Personal Email Responder (PER); a novel system for email categorization and semi-automatic response generation. The key novelty presented in this paper is an approach to email categorization that distinguishes query and non-query email messages using Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Neural Network (NN) methods. The second novelty is the use of Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML)- based chatbot for semiautomatic response creation. The proposed methodology was implemented as a prototype mobile application, which was then used to conduct an experiment. Email messages logs collected in the experimental phase are used to evaluate the proposed methodology and estimate the accuracy of the presented system for email categorization and semi-automatic response generation.
Would You Give Me Your Password?
Authors: Du Hui , Lehmann Constance M. , Willson Victor L.
Published: March 2022

We examine the effect of information security policy on the likelihood of password sharing in a simulated work environment where ethical values are also expected to guide individuals to do the “right thing.” Graduate and undergraduate students who participated in our study received a “reminder” of the organizational information security policy or a “reminder” of the code of ethics while they were completing the experimental tasks. All participants were asked to share their password with their trusted assistant; the password was either for their desktop or for a spreadsheet containing sensitive customer information. Our results suggest that presenting the organizational information security policy was associated with a lower likelihood of password sharing than presenting the code of ethics. In addition, the participants did not differentiate between the type of password requested for desktop access and for spreadsheet access. Our study provides timely and practical insights to improve security of systems.

Data Availability: Data available from the first author.
Subglottic and Glottic Stenosis
Authors: Sidell Douglas , Din Taseer Feroze
Published: March 2022

Laryngeal stenosis involving the glottis and subglottis is a commonly encountered and potentially life-threatening pathology in children. It is important to differentiate the key features of laryngeal anatomy and clinical presentation of laryngeal stenosis in children. Endotracheal tube related injuries are an important culprit in the pathophysiology of laryngeal stenosis, particularly when intubation is traumatic. Stenosis may also occur if the size of the tube is chosen inappropriately, or if repeated intubations are performed. In one’s assessment, critical points include appropriately sizing the airway and describing the site, length and consistency of the stenosis. An approach to management can then be chosen based on the specific elements of the laryngeal stenosis and other patient-related characteristics.
This review contains 11 figures, 5 tables, and 36 references
Keywords: subglottic, glottic, stenosis
Ulcerative Tuberculosis in a Patient Treated with Adalimumab
Authors: Varpuluoma Outi , Sinikumpu Suvi-Päivikki , Jackson Päivi , Tasanen Kaisa , Huilaja Laura
Published: March 2022

Abstract is missing (Short Communication)
Blistering Papulosquamous Erythema with Arthralgia: A Quiz
Authors: Kurosaki Yukiho , Ishitsuka Yosuke , Kato Yasuhiro , Arase Noriko , Fujiomto Manabu
Published: March 2022

Abstract is missing (Quiz)
Identifying and Describing Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas (EBSAs): A Key Tool for the Protection of Ocean Biodiversity in Dispute
Authors: Prip Christian
Published: March 2022

The distribution of legal authority to protect biodiversity in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) between the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the UN Law of the Sea Convention (LOSC) has been a contentious issue. In practice, main responsibility has been allocated to LOSC, under which a new implementing agreement on conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) is currently being negotiated. CBD was allocated responsibility for providing scientific information and advice on marine biodiversity, which has resulted in the identification and description of 321 Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas (EBSAs) worldwide, within and beyond national jurisdiction. These could provide important scientific backing for a coming BBNJ instrument under LOSC, especially as regards the designation of marine protected areas and the conduct of environmental impact assessments in ABNJ. However, the process of modifying EBSAs and identifying new ones has recently been challenged by the CBD Conference of the Parties, harking back to previous disputes over the legal mandate and thereby threatening the entire mechanism that has been established. In the context of international environmental law and law of the sea, this article discusses the potential importance of EBSAs for the expected BBNJ instrument, using the Central Arctic Ocean EBSA as an example.
Elementary Teachers' Perceptions on Genially Learning Media Using Item Response Theory (IRT)
Authors: Hermita Neni , Putra Zetra Hainul , Alim Jesi Alexander , Wijaya Tommy Tanu , Anggoro Subuh , Diniya Diniya
Published: March 2022

Many studies have developed learning media, but few studies focus on developing learning media in ele-mentary schools using Genially and studying teachers' perceptions of Genially learning media. This study aims to determine teachers' perceptions of hybrid learning media with a more accurate and precise method, namely the item response theory (IRT) from the Rasch model. The survey was carried out by distributing a Likert scale questionnaire of 19 statements. Moreover, the subjects were 45 elementary school teachers in Riau Province, Indonesia. The results showed that they positively perceived the developed genially-based learning media. Genially learning media can support teachers in teaching. Based on these results, teachers need to develop skills in making various technology-based media, in order to support hybrid learning.
Laringoespasmo post extubación durante la recuperación de la anestesia general en un paciente con enfermedad de Parkinson
Authors: Venegas-Amaguaña Cristina , Delgado-Salazar Jhonny , Villarreal-Juris Andrea
Published: March 2022

Introducción: la enfermedad de Parkinson es un trastorno neurovegetativo progresivo común, asociado a rigidez, bradicinesia, temblor e inestabilidad postural; las afecciones no sólo se limitan a las extremidades sino que pueden extenderse a los músculos estriados dentro de las vías respiratorias superiores y caja torácica (1). El manejo anestésico en estos pacientes puede cursar con dificultad durante el periodo preoperatorio, intraoperatorio y postoperatorio. Objetivo: exponer el caso clínico de un hombre de 81 años con diagnóstico de Colelitiasis, sometido a Colecistectomía laparoscópica en el Hospital General Enrique Garcés, que manifestó un efecto adverso pos-extubación en sala de recuperación. Conclusión: las vías respiratorias superiores presentan modificaciones en pacientes con Parkinson, esto puede dificultar su manejo. La prevención de complicaciones durante este proceso estará dada en gran parte por el tratamiento farmacológico adecuado para la enfermedad de Parkinson o su pronta instauración, y por el conocimiento sobre los efectos farmacológicos de los distintos agentes utilizados durante el periodo anestésico.
Prevalencia de los subtipos de leucemia aguda en pacientes atendidos en el área de hematología del Hospital de especialidades Eugenio Espejo desde agosto del 2015 a agosto del 2018
Authors: Carrera Carlos , Mero Martha , Navarro Vanessa , Reina Jenifer
Published: March 2022

Introducción: La leucemia es una neoplasia hematológica, caracterizada por la proliferación de células hematopoyéticas inmaduras, se clasifican en agudas y crónicas. Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de los subtipos de leucemia aguda (LA) en pacientes atendidos en Hematología del hospital de Especialidades Eugenio Espejo (HEEE), desde agosto 2015 a agosto 2018. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, con, 401 pacientes con diagnóstico LA, registrados en la historia clínica, posterior a la autorización del Comité de Bioética del HEEE. Resultados: En el periodo de 2015 a 2018 se identificaron 401 pacientes con diagnóstico de LA, 230 (57%) hombres divididos en leucemia mieloide aguda (LMA) 93 (23%) y leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA) 137 (34%), y 171(43%) mujeres, con LMA 16% y 106 LLA 106. El sub tipo de LMA, Mieloblástica con diferenciación (M2) de mayor presentación, 40 pacientes (25%), 22 hombres y 18 mujeres, seguida de Mieloblástica con mínima diferenciación (M1) diagnosticada en 35 (22%) pacientes, 20 (13%) hombres y 15 (9%) mujeres. La promielocítica (M3), se diagnosticaron 31 (20%) pacientes, 16 hombres, y en 15 mujeres, entre los 20 a 29 años. Y la LLA, de tipo B, 233 (96%) casos, el sub tipo B común con 173 (71%), 91 hombres y 82 mujeres. El sub tipo preT, 10 (4%) casos, 5 (2%) en hombres y mujeres. Conclusiones: De las LA su mayor prevalencia fue LLA en los subtipos B común. Y los casos de LMA en los tipos M1 y M2 la mayoría de los casos en hombres y mujeres.
Heikentynyttä vai eriytynyttä? Suomalaisten luottamus uutismediaan
Authors: Ojala Markus , Matikainen Janne
Published: March 2022

Artikkeli tarkastelee suomalaisten ilmaisemaa luottamusta uutismediaan ja journalismiin vuosina 2007 ja 2019 toteutettujen kyselytutkimusten avulla. Pyrkimyksenä on syventää muiden viimeaikaisten tutkimusten tuottamaa kuvaa aiheesta havainnoimalla yleisöjen suoraan ilmaiseman luottamuksen lisäksi epäsuorasti ilmaistua luottamusta. Se tulee ilmi, kun yleisöt arvioivat median ja journalismin suoriutumista niihin kohdistuvista odotuksista. Tavoitteena on myös tuottaa tietoa yleisöjen mahdollisesta eriytymisestä selvittämällä ryhmäkohtaisia eroja luottamuksessa sekä eroissa tarkastelujaksolla tapahtuneita muutoksia. Analyysi osoittaa, että kansalaisten keskimääräinen luottamus johtaviin valtakunnallisiin uutismedioihin on vahvaa mutta luottamus uutismediaan instituutiona on heikompaa. Luottamus ei merkittävästi heikentynyt 2010-luvun aikana, mutta suhtautumisessa uutismediaan on havaittavissa eriytymistä niin yksilöiden välillä kuin ryhmätasollakin. Luottamus on heikentynyt etenkin työttömien ja työnteki- jöiden keskuudessa, kun taas eriytyminen on ollut voimakkainta perussuomalaisten ja muiden eduskuntapuolueiden kannattajien välillä. Artikkelin tuloksia tulkitaan osana laajempaa keskustelua kansalaisten eriytymisestä ja pohjoismaisista niin kutsutuista mediahyvinvointivaltioista, joissa mediajärjestelmä ja viestintäpolitiikka ovat historiallisesti muotoutuneet osana yhteiskuntien laajempia universalistisia ja hyvinvointivaltiollisia periaatteita.
”Mahdollisuudet ovat kirjaimellisesti rajattomat”: Uutismediassa työskentelevien näkemyksiä uusista teknologioista
Authors: Manninen Ville , Niemi Mari K.
Published: March 2022

Tässä anayysissä kysymme: Mitä teknologisia innovaatioita suomalaisessa uutismediassa on kokeiltu, ja mitkä ovat jo arkisessa käytössä? Millaisiksi alalla työskentelevät kokevat valmiutensa ottaa uusia teknologioita ammatilliseen käyttöön? Selvitämme lisäksi alalla vallitsevia käsityksiä eri teknologioiden merkityksestä journalismin tulevaisuudelle. Tutkimme aihetta uutismedian parissa Suomessa työskenteleville suunnatun kyselyn avulla. Keskitymme analyysissä kyselyn teknologioita ja niiden omaksumisen olosuhteita käsittelevään osaan.
Assessment of the Relationship of the Frankfort Horizontal Plane and the Orbitomeatal Line with Attainment of the Natural Head Position
Authors: Cruz Renata Laís Almeida , Gasperini Giovanni
Published: March 2022

The diagnosis of dentofacial deformities and the choice of ortho-surgical treatment depend on the correct positioning of the head at the time of registration in 2D or 3D, called the natural head position (NHP). We selected 32 subjects from Arnett class I and obtained their frontal and lateral photographs in NHP to evaluate the relationship and stability between the orbitomeatal line, the Frankfort horizontal plane and the face midline with the true vertical line (TVL) and the true horizontal line (THL). Mean and standard deviation of angulation were obtained for all cited variables, with the results leading to the conclusion that the orbitomeatal line and the Frankfort horizontal plane can be used to obtain the NHP in an individualized way.
Correction of Lysozyme Content in Mixed Saliva in Patients With Jaw Ameloblastomas
Authors: Ushko Natalia
Published: March 2022

Purpose.
Determine the content of lysozyme in mixed saliva in patients with ameloblastomas of the jaws in the dynamics of the treatment, as well as the effectiveness of using the drug Lysobact for immunocorrection.
Material and Methods.
31 patients with ameloblastomas of the jaws were examined in the dynamics of the treatment and in the rehabilitation period.
Results.
A decrease in local non-specific resistance of the body (studied by the content of lysozyme in mixed saliva) in patients with jaw ameloblastomas during hospitalization and after surgical treatment was established. The purpose of the drug Lysobact allowed normalizing the level of lysozyme content in the mixed saliva of these patients in the rehabilitation period.
Conclusions.
The use of the drug Lysobact for 2 weeks in patients with ameloblastomas of the jaws allows to completely normalizing the local nonspecific resistance of the organism and significantly reduces the number of inflammatory complications.