bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Studies of Cryogenic Liquids (Fuels) Spills
Authors:   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Bolodyan I.A. , Vogman L.P. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Published: September 2022

Experimental studies were carried out, the analysis of the processes of spillage, spreading and evaporation of the cryogenic liquids (fuels) on a solid surface were carried out. It is shown that the intensity of evaporation of the cryogenic liquids during spills is influenced by many factors: the type of surface on which the spill occurred (concrete, steel, soil, sand, etc.), its penetrating ability, temperature, thickness of the receiving layer, humidity, atmospheric mobility, and, etc. The evaporation rate is determined by the total heat flow coming to the liquid from the external sources. In this case, the heat flow coming from the underlying surface is dominant. Studies of the evaporation of cryogenic liquids during spills on various surfaces showed that the evaporation process has a non-stationary character. This is especially evident at the initial stage of evaporation when its intensity decreases 5֪–6 times in the first 1.5 minutes. After 6–8 minutes, the process goes into a quasi-stationary mode, and the evaporation rate decreases slowly. In case of spills on the solid surfaces, the evaporation process is satisfactorily described (depending on the nature of the surface) by the calculated ratios obtained. Seepage of liquid deep into the sand increases the intensity of evaporation by 2–3 times. Presence of moisture in the ground, on the one hand, reduces the seepage of liquid due to its freezing, and on the other hand, additional heat is released during freezing to vaporize the liquid. Presence of moisture in the ground can increase the evaporation rate by up to 50 % at a non-stationary evaporation site. Based on two scenarios of cryogenic liquids spilling (instantaneous or prolonged expiration) onto a limited or unlimited surface, physicomathematical models of their spreading during leakage were developed. These models, in turn, are implemented as methods for assessing the hazardous factors of fires under various scenarios of their occurrence and explosions on the territory of the facility and in the residential area near the facility.
Model Procedure for Emergency Planning for Organizations
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Rashoyan I.I.
Published: September 2022

The article analyzes the procedure for developing an Action Plan for the prevention and elimination of emergencies for organizations. The development of the Action Plan should be carried out on the basis of the current legal requirements in Russia. The analysis of the requirements for the development of the plan from the methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia is performed. The methodology of the Ministry of Emergency Situations does not strictly regulate the number and names of sections of the Action Plan. The methodology specifies general requirements for the content of the sections of the Action Plan. Based on the results of the analysis, the article notes a number of possible difficulties that arise during the development and approval of Action Plans for organizations by the authorities. A structural and functional model of the Action Plan development procedure on the basis of the process approach has been drawn up. The interconnection of the main subprocesses of the procedure and their main characteristics is shown. The necessity of creating an automated information system that will increase the efficiency and reduce the labor intensity of the development of Action Plans for organizations has been revealed. This system can be created as part of the implementation of the concept of «smart city» developing in the world. The information system will optimize the search and use of necessary information from the databases of various authorities in the development of the plan. The conclusions of the article show that further development of the conceptual model of the information system for the prevention and elimination of emergencies is required.
Assessment of the Occupational Disease based on the Full Range of Outcomes «Ammonia Poisoning — Suffocation — Death»
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Kireev V.E. , Esipov Yu.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Budovskiy A.V. ,   Don State Technical University
Published: September 2022

Within the framework of the factors — protection — employee system, the following line of possible outcomes «poisoning — suffocation — death» was considered and tested according to the degree of danger, a parametric model of the type «exposure — attenuation — susceptibility» was proposed for their standard description and application. As susceptibility parameters, it is proposed to take the experimental, statistical, or calculated values of the ammonia concentration, which, with a known level of confidence, determine the possibility of the occurrence of outcomes in the declared line. One or more ammonia concentrations measured with known accuracy are taken as exposure parameters in a particular system, taking into account the weakening of the employee protection. Based on the introduced parametric model and initial data, both on the expression of exposure and susceptibility in the form of random variables, and data on the efficiency of protection, a set of probabilities of outcomes of the declared line was calculated, which can be used to predict the risk of employee diseases in a particular system or production environment. In addition, it is shown that in the resulting assessment of the probable lethal outcome, both poisoning and suffocation of the worker are also considered. By protecting the worker and reducing exposure by attenuating it at levels between 1 and 0.1, the expected reduction in ammonia concentration results in a decrease in the probability of an employee death from 0.9177 to 0.000003. Moreover, it is shown that the acceptable values of the attenuation coefficient should be in the range of 0.1 or less. This level of attenuation is achieved by using local ventilation, diluting the concentration of ammonia in the work area with fresh air and (or) by using personal protective equipment (gas mask) by the employee.
Modes of Explosive Combustion during Emergency Explosions of the Gas Clouds in the Open Space
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Gorev V.A.
Published: September 2022

Emergency explosions of steam clouds in the open space occur in the deflagration combustion mode. Destructive force of the explosive waves is mainly determined by the rate of combustion in the steam cloud. Therefore, the issue of explosive combustion rate is the key one for predicting explosion parameters. To form the waves of destructive force, it is required that the combustion rate of the substance in the cloud increase by 30 or more times compared to laminar. The main and generally recognized mechanism of combustion intensification is turbulization of the process as a result of interaction of the gas flow field with various obstacles located in the area of the exploding cloud. In the work, the analysis focuses on the combustion processes in the obstacles with continuously changing blocking of space. Under such conditions, the combustion is not structured, it smoothly changes its characteristics, and not jerks at the locations of blocking barriers. That is, explosive combustion can be considered as a classic turbulent combustion of a homogeneous mixed mixture. The work gives preference to the analysis of works, in which the turbulent combustion rate is presented as allowing a change in the scale of turbulence. The results of these works are presented in the form of functions ff(U¢/Sl, l/d) of the ratio of the pulsation component of turbulence to the laminar combustion rate, and the ratio of the integral scale of turbulence to the thickness of the laminar flame. The work gives a comparison of the turbulent combustion velocity depending on the U¢/SL ratio for three values l/d = 100, 1000, 10 000. On the basis of the turbulent combustion modes diagram, the zones of applicability of various methods for determining the turbulent combustion rate are shown. The paper expresses preference for the Peters theory as the most universal and giving a realistic value of the turbulent combustion rate at l/d >> 1.
SARS-CoV-2 virus spreading in depending of the Earth’s magnetic field
Authors: Orlyuk M.I. , Romenets A.O.
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the results of a study on the possible relationship between the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus and the Earth’s magnetic field based on an analysis of digital data for 95 countries. Article is based on the statistic data of geomagnetic field and coronavirus disease parameters, which allows, in our opinion, to obtain reliable results of their interpretation, which are as follows:

The dependence of the spatial expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the value of modular values of the induction of the Earth’s main magnetic field BIGRF is established. The maximum number of diseases occurs in countries located in regions with reduced (25.0—30.0 mkT) and increased (48.0—55.0 nT) values.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus expansion of the dynamics of the geomagnetic field over the past 70 years dependence is established. Maximum diseases number refers to areas with maximum changes, in the direction of decrease (up to –6500 nT) and increase 2500 nT).

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 disease expansion dynamics with Кр-geomagnetic field perturbation index — shows the practical absence of such connection. The ratio of the maximum daily growth of diseases to the minimums of external geomagnetic activity detected. This ratio may be due to the intensity of galactic cosmic radiation increase during this period.

The connection between the SARS-CoV-2 disease process dynamics and solar activity is shown, namely: the beginning of a pandemic is due to the superposition of minima of 11 (between 24 and 25) and 110 (120?) solar activity annual cycles. The increase of diseases number correlates well with the increase of the 25th cycle solar activity. The Spanish pandemic was characterized by a similar ratio, which arose about 110 years ago between 14—15 cycles and took place during the 15th cycle of solar activity growth phase.
The influence of partial deforestation on moisture regime: sums of precipitation and total soil moisture content for the territory of Ukraine based on data of numerical experiment LUMIP
Authors: Pysarenko L.A. , Krakovska S.V.
Published: September 2022

The paper is dedicated to the impact of partial deforestation on sums of precipitation and part/fraction or sums of precipitation intercepted by the canopy; total soil moisture content under condition of minimal anthropogenic influence for the territory of Ukraine. In this work used data from the Land Use Model Intercomparison Project (LUMIP), which is based on Global Climate Models (GCMs). The purpose of LUMIP is to reveal patterns of changes of climate characteristics due to gradual global deforestation with a trend approximately 1 % every year and its replacement on grass or pastures for period 1850—1899. This time span is considered as the pre-industrial. The next period, 1900—1929 is without changes in forest cover. For estimation of impacts of partial deforestation the methods of anomalies over the first 20-year period (1850—1869) was used with further application of 5-year running mean of climatic characteristics to smooth their interannual variability. Coefficients of linear correlation between running mean anomalies of specific characteristic and the percentage of forest cover in grid cells with averaging over latitudinal zones, linear trends and differences were estimated.

Overally estimations have shown that the global partial deforestation doesn’t impact directly on of monthly total precipitation in the middle latitudes, particularly, in Ukraine. But gradual forest reduction decreases part or fraction of precipitation intercepted by the canopy in both cold and warm seasons with average trend up to –2,6....–1,5 %/10 years in latitudinal zones in specific grids, where forest cover was reduced. The maximal decline was up to –14.5 % in grids as the difference between the 50-year period of partial deforestation and the next 30-year period. Such an effect will causemore precipitation reaching the ground and most likely will influence surface runoff. Found, that it causes the increase in total soil moisture content with trend 0.1—4.9 %/10 years depending on month and climate model, but with most significant changes during summer and autumn seasons.

Thus, the analysis of LUMIP data for Ukraine has revealed that the partial deforestation caused the decrease of fraction part/fraction of precipitation intercepted by the canopy. Most GCMs demonstrated that this reduction provoked the increase of total soil moisture content and also can cause changes in hydrological regime and provoke higher flood frequency and other related hydrometeorological hazards in the forest part of Ukraine.
Study of the interrelation between the geneseses and reservoir properties of productive series deposits in Pirallahi field on the basis of oil-field geophysical data
Authors: Kerimova K.А. , Aliyev N.E.
Published: September 2022

Petrophysical properties of reservoir rocks are also influenced by a certain relationship between the lithological-mineralogical composition of rocks and the reservoir properties. For this reason, the study of the relationship between the genesis of Productive Series deposits and reservoir properties provides a basis for predicting the regularity of distribution of sand particles throughout the field and making some judgments about the development of porous and permeability zones. This, in turn, is of more scientific and practical importance while identifying variation of reservoir properties of rocks in sedimentary cover.

The paper offers a rational approach that determines the relationship between the genetic origin of sedimentary rocks and their reservoir properties and expounds on the study results.

As a research area, we chose «Qirmakiustu clay», «Qirmakiustu sand», Qirmaki and Qirmakialty series of Productive Series sediments studied in sections of conventional X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 well sections located on one profile of Pirallahifield and their sedimentation environment and facies origin have been studied in more detail.

In the section of well under the study, the average value of effective porosity (Kav.p.), average thicknesses of sandy and clayey layers (Hav.cl., Hav.sand), and the relative thickness of sand bodies (Hrel.sand) were calculated for intervals at which the facies of flow, bar, and beach plain origin were identified. The curves of these parameters’ variation across the profile were drawn.

At the same time, the curves of thicknesses of flow, bar, and beach plain origin facies were drawn for the interval identified for each well section. These curves were compared and analyzed separately for each facies.

A study of the sedimentation environment and genesis of sedimentation and a comparative analysis of lithofacial and reservoir properties may be important for accurately evaluating oil and gas presence in the study area.
Bilingualism in Indonesian Children's Language Acquisition
Authors: Apriana Aulia , Sutrisno Adi
Published: September 2022

Language acquisition and development are two important phases in a child’s life. Hundreds of ideas have been tested to build a scientific explanation for how children may understand and produce the languages of their environment. Language intake, exposure volume and duration, and grammatical complexity all appear to have a role in influencing children's language development. These intricacies become even more complicated as children differ greatly from one another. It's on top of the several languages the children pick up along the route. Some children speak only one language (monolingual), whereas others speak multiple languages (bilingual). Apart from the endless debate about whether being bilingual is a blessing or a curse, it is fascinating to study how those children finally end up being bilinguals, either through acquisition or learning. Therefore, this article aims at portraying the phenomenon of bilingualism in Indonesian children’s language acquisition by looking at the strengths and weaknesses of being bilinguals, the important factors in second language acquisition and learning, and the strategies for second language acquisition and learning. In conclusion, to be bilingual, a child has undergone a very long process. Even though some experts are still debating whether bilingualism is beneficial or even harmful for their cognitive, psychological, and linguistic competence, children nowadays are created to be bilinguals even since they were born. As a result, those children grow up as multilingual children who are ready to cope with the dynamic of the environmental changes around them.
Talk Show Hosting Turn-Allocation Techniques in Jimmy Kimmel Live
Authors: Ratnadi I Gusti Ngurah , Ayomi Putu Nur , Maharani Putu Devi
Published: September 2022

Engaging in a conversation is crucial to people as social beings, in which turn-taking is one of its core elements. As a cooperative activity, it requires an orderly turn distribution, especially in TV talk shows where the host and the guests cooperate to distribute turns led by the host. This phenomenon can be observed in Jimmy Kimmel Live, a late-night talk show that highlights conversational activities to incorporate its entertainment bits. This study investigates turn-allocation techniques used by Jimmy Kimmel as the host of the talk show to manage a multiparty conversation with the Avengers: Endgame cast. The analysis is based on Sacks, Schegloff, and Jefferson’s theory concerning the systematics for turn-taking organization along with Lerner’s elaboration on Sacks et al.’s turn allocation. To extract the data, Jeffersonian conventions are used, then the descriptive qualitative method is exercised to analyze the data in two levels: providing context and theoretical elaboration. It is found that the host only uses current-selects-next techniques (i.e., gaze, addressing, context-tied), in which context-tied becomes the most common technique practiced creating an exclusive connection that effectively allocates turn to the prospective speaker. Other techniques: gaze and addressing are also used by mutual gaze and address term positioning. Meanwhile, self-selection techniques (i.e., starting first and overlapping talk) are absent because of the unequal share of power and role of the host compared with the guests.
Translation Procedures of Harsh Language and Their Correlation to the Visual in The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck
Authors: Saputri Janis Ramadhanti , Wijaya Andika
Published: September 2022

Comics are media that people of all ages can enjoy, and while some comics have age restriction, The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck is a comic that targets both young and old readers. As it is the story of Scrooge McDuck’s rise to success, the comic depicts aggressiveness not only physically through violence and facial expression but also verbally through the usage of harsh language. The objective of this research is to analyze (1) the translation procedures that are used in the comic The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck and (2) their correlation with the visual elements of the comic. This research uses Vinay and Darbelnet (1958/1998) theories on translation procedures by basing the utterance of harsh language on theories proposed by Ljung (2011) and Ford (2016). This research uses the qualitative descriptive method, and the data were taken by setting the limitation on the character’s facial expression at the time of the utterance of harsh language. From this research, it can be concluded that the translator utilizes many translation procedures to translate the harsh language, in particular the reduction procedure. This research also shows that translation procedures are utilized to reduce the element of verbal aggressiveness, yet the procedures that are used do not influence the intention behind the utterance as the aggressiveness has been presented through the visuals.
Fashioning The Gays: A Representation Study on the Gay Protagonists in the 2000s Gay-themed American TV Series
Authors: Rudy Rudy , Adhitya Galant Nanta
Published: September 2022

This study focuses on the relationship between fashion and the gay community by observing the 2000s American TV series with gay characters as the protagonists. It intends to explain the way fashion is portrayed and its significance for gay culture. It can contribute to theory enrichment in cultural, literary and media studies. It would also increase people’s knowledge about fashion in and for the gay culture. This research incorporated the main data in the form of dialogues as well as pictures of scenes showing fashion worn by the gay characters obtained from Will Grace (1998-2006), Queer as Folk (2000-2005), Six Feet Under (2001-2005), and Some of My Best Friends (2001). By applying Hall’s representation theory to analyze the data, this study discovers that the gay protagonists in the 2000s gay-themed American TV series are portrayed as fashionable people, who think of fashion as their pride. However, the fashion used in portraying gay characters has shifted from the effeminate looks that are mostly composed of women’s clothes. Instead, they are still seen concerning with their appearance, but their exploration of fashion is sticking to men’s clothes. This portrayal has two essential significances for the gay community. It affirms the modish of their identity, while at the same time refusing the feminine stereotype.
Gender, Language and Politics: the Representation of Theresa May on Twitter
Authors: Zakiyah Umi , Wahyudi Ribut
Published: September 2022

The relationship between women leaders’ language, social media, and politics has been interesting to be discussed.  However, there are lacks previous studies that examined the women leaders’ language and how the word choices represent women leaders on Twitter.Thus, this study aims to find out Theresa May’s language on Twitter and how those word choices represent herself as a woman leader. The data are taken from the tweets on Theresa May’s Twitter account over the last six months of her leadership reign (from January until July 2019), which focused on her crucial tweets about politics and leadership. The researchers adopted four theories to capture and analyze the data from different angles to produce the rich analysis of Theresa May’s word choices and representation on Twitter. The study revealed several word choices used by Theresa May into four categories: (1) announcement tweets, (2) attack/negative tweets, (3) personal characteristics, and (4) policy. Furthermore, the study also found that Theresa May utilized those word choices to represent herself as a political leader. She also used metaphors and pronouns to shape the desired representation. Furthermore, not all PDA elements by Fairclough Fairclough (2012) were employed due to the limited characters number on Twitter or other possible purpose(s). This study is beneficial to enrich the knowledge on how the use of language by woman leader is implicated within social and political contexts of a country. The Linguistics analysis on gender, language, and politics is another take away from this research.
An Extended Study on Tense and Aspect Markers in Pagu
Authors: Perangin Angin Dalan Mehuli
Published: September 2022

This paper revisits four clitics of Pagu (a West-Papuan language spoken in North Halmahera, Indonesia) those that have been described as Tense and Aspect markers (Wimbish 1991): -oka, -ou -osi, and -uli. The first one is considered a tense marker for ‘non-future’ time, while the other three are aspect markers for ‘perfective’, ‘imperfective’, and ‘repetitive’ respectively. Following a metatypy approach (Ross 2006; 2001), I argue that while these clitics have the tense-aspect functions, at the same time under a unified analysis, each should have an extended function vis. a ‘locational marker of space and time’, ‘confirmative’, ‘durative’, and ‘repetitive presupposition marker’, respectively. These meanings and functions are based on the speakers’ interpretation of them in the local lingua franca (a variety of the North Maluku Malay). This supports Bowden’s (2012) argument that the indigenous languages of North Halmahera (Papuan) have influenced the present varieties of Malay spoken as the lingua franca in the region.
Reification of Bourgeois Ideology in Bhattarai’s Muglan
Authors: Shrivastwa Bimal Kishore
Published: September 2022

This paper aims to explore how innocent Nepali youths reify the elitist bourgeois ideology of the Nepalese society that forces them to go to Muglan, a term, denoting foreign country for Nepali people, and confront unexpected blows there in Govinda Raj Bhattarai’s novel, Muglan. Reification signifies the ideology and perception of people residing in a capitalist society. The study of the impact of reification demonstrates the reality of a society. Bhattarai is critical to the way Sutar Kanchha, the protagonist of the novel, obsessed with the dominant capitalist ideology, goes to Bhutan to earn. But he gets robbed there and he is forced to do tough physical labor like an animal. To survey terrific effects of the dominant capitalist ideology of the Nepalese society over the life of the poor Nepali people, the research paper applies neo-Marxist insights, with special focus on Louis Althusser and Antonio Gramsci. The chief finding is that Bhattarai is critical to persisting capitalist ideology of the Nepalese society that forces innocent Nepali youths to leave their country just for survival. But, in turn, they get robbed and are compelled to work like slaves in the cruel Muglan. It is expected that researchers intending to explore on Nepali literature from the neo-Marxist perspective will find the paper a useful reference.
Vliyanie gormonal'nogo statusa na seksual'nuyu aktivnost' zhenshchin reproduktivnogo vozrasta s besplodiem
Authors: Гависова А. А. , Стеняева Н. Н. , Гарданова Ж. Р. , Назаренко Т. А. , Долгушина Н. В.
Published: September 2022

Androgeny igrayut odnu iz klyuchevyh rolej v fiziologii zhenskogo organizma i reproduktivnoj sistemy. Ekspressiya androgennyh receptorov v razlichnyh tkanyah svidetel'stvuet o vazhnoj roli androgenov v regulyacii seksual'nogo i social'nogo funkcionirovaniya zhenshchin. Cel'yu issledovaniya bylo ocenit' seksual'noe funkcionirovanie u zhenshchin s besplodiem i snizhennym ovarial'nym rezervom (SOR) po rezul'tatam oprosnika «Indeks zhenskoj seksual'noj funkcii» (Female Sexual Function Index, FSFI). V odnomomentnom issledovanii u 496 pacientok s besplodiem i SOR proveli ocenku narushenij seksual'nogo funkcionirovaniya i ih vzaimosvyazi s izmeneniyami androgennogo profilya, osnovannogo na koncentracii androstendiona v syvorotke krovi. ZHenshchiny s besplodiem pri SOR statisticheski znachimo chashche otmechali izmenenie seksual'nogo funkcionirovaniya, v tom chisle snizhenie sposobnosti i chastoty seksual'nyh otnoshenij, libido. Dlya zhenshchin s besplodiem i izmenennym ovarial'nym rezervom s normal'nym urovnem androstendiona harakteren summarno bol'shij obshchij ball (21,2 ± 7,2), chto govorit o men'shej stepeni vyrazhennosti narushenij seksual'nogo funkcionirovaniya po sravneniyu s gruppoj so snizhennym urovnem androgenov, srednij ball v kotoroj statisticheski znachimo nizhe (15,17 ± 3,0). Krome togo, nablyudayutsya snizhenie vlecheniya, vozbuzhdeniya, udovletvoreniya, orgazma, lyubrikacii i uvelichenie bolevyh oshchushchenij. Izmenenie gormonal'nogo profilya u pacientok s SOR i snizheniem urovnya androgenov vnosit znachimyj vklad v seksual'noe funkcionirovanie, i ego vyyavlenie v klinicheskoj praktike pozvolit na bolee rannem etape provesti ob"ektivizaciyu zhalob i ocenit' vyrazhennost' seksual'nyh narushenij u molodyh zhenshchin s besplodiem s cel'yu opredeleniya dal'nejshej personificirovannoj taktiki vedeniya.
Социокультурный потенциал российского сообщества IT-специалистов. Часть 2.
Authors: Мерзляков Сергей
Published: September 2022

Представленный текст является второй частью исследования социокультурных особенностей российского сообщества IT-специалистов. Во второй части работы затрагиваются вопросы трудовой этики, рассматривается отношение членов исследуемого сообщества к проблеме взаимоотношения личности и государства в контексте ответственности за субъекта, а также рассматривается отношение к свободе, равенству, безопасности и технологиям контроля. Также исследуется интерес российских IT-специалистов к политике и заинтересованность в принятии социальных решений. В ценностный каркас российского IT-специалиста входит представление об автономии личности и ее свободном выборе. Для членов исследуемой группы характерно представление об ответственности человека за свою жизнь. В контексте вопроса об интересе к политике можно указать на то, что у членов группы фиксируется запрос на участие в жизни общества, но этот запрос сопровождается недоверием к существующим институтам реализации этого запроса. С точки зрения социокультурного потенциала российских IT-специалистов значимым моментом является то, что среди наиболее важных личных качеств опрошенные называют ответственность. Выводом этой части исследования является представление о том, что российское сообщество IT-специалистов является качественным инструментом социокультурной модернизации российского общества.
Российское IT-сообщество в контексте социокультурной модернизации. Результаты интервью. Часть 2.
Authors: Мерзляков Сергей , Сухина Татьяна
Published: September 2022

Статья является второй частью работы, посвященной исследованию социокультурных особенностей российского сообщества IT-специалистов. Рассмотрены такие темы, как модернизация российского общества, оценка процесса и возможных препятствий; развитие цифровой экономики в России; отношение к феномену «русских хакеров»; «полезные» и «вредные» качества российского IT-специалиста; потенциал «серых» технологий; польза гуманитарных практик для специалиста в области цифровых технологий.
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTICAL PSEUDOGAP IN DISORDERED PHASES WITH ARGYRODITE STRUCTURE
Authors: Malakhovska T.O. , Pogodin A.I. , Filep M.J. , Barchii I.E. , Piasecki M. , Kokhan O.P. , Zhukova Yu.P. , Studenyak Ya.I.
Published: September 2022

This paper is aimed to the determination of the optical pseudogap values in phases with argyrodite structure by a simple method of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Samples of (Cu1-xAgx)7PSe6 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.7, 0.9, 1.0) solid solutions were obtained in the form of microcrystalline powders by grinding in agate mortar. The diffuse reflectance spectra of the obtained (Cu1-xAgx)7PSe6 samples were studied in the spectral range 220–1400 nm (293 K) and analyzed using the Kubelka-Munk function. It was found that for (Cu1-xAgx)7PSe6 solid solutions the increase in the copper amount causes a shift of the beginning of the absorption edge to the region of higher energies. The optical pseudogap of (Cu1-xAgx)7PSe6 solid solutions was estimated by combining the Kubelka-Munch theory and the Tauc equation. It is established that the isovalent cationic substitution of Ag+ → Cu+ leads to a monotonic decrease in the values of the optical pseudogap, as a result, the compositional dependence of which is close to linear. This behavior of the optical pseudogap can only be associated with a decrease in the lattice parameters and characterizes the formation of solid solutions.
OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID SOLUTIONS IN THE Ag7SiS5I‒Ag7GeS5I SYSTEM
Authors: Malakhovska T.O. , Pogodin A.I. , Filep M.J. , Pop M.M. , Shender I.O. , Kokhan O.P. , Vasko Yu.Yu. , Zhukova Yu.P. , Studenyak Ya.I. , Suslikov L.M.
Published: September 2022

The present paper is devoted to the comparison of the determination methods of the optical pseudogap values of Ag7(Si1-xGex)S5I (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) solid solutions by means of two optical spectroscopy techniques: optical absorption and diffuse reflection. Optical absorption spectroscopy was performed on thin single crystalline plane-parallel samples. Diffuse reflectance spectra were obtained on samples in the form of microcrystalline powders (~ 10–20 μm). The optical pseudogap values of Ag7(Si1-xGex)S5I solid solutions, determined on the basis of the logarithmic dependence of the absorption coefficient according to Urbach’s tail range and on the basis of the dependence of the Kubelka-Munk function using the Tauc method. It has been established that the pseudogap energies of the Ag7(Si1-xGex)S5I (x = 0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1) solid solutions obtained by the analyzing the diffuse reflectance spectra of microcrystalline powders and spectral dependences of the absorption index for single crystals do not differ by more than 5% Therefore, it is correct to use a non-destructive and simple method of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, to estimate the values of the optical pseudogap of porous, poly-, micro- and nanocrystalline objects.
SYNTHESIS OF THIAZOLOQUINAZOLINARYLTELLURID
Authors: Kut D. , Kut M. , Onysko M. , Lendel V.
Published: September 2022

Symmetric and asymmetric chalcogenides of organic nature are a class of organometallic compounds that are widely used as intermediates in a number of organic reactions, as ligands in the chemistry of coordination compounds, they have a wide range of biological activity. Diaryl tellurides, which are important for the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds, have a special area in the chemistry of organotelluric compounds. The synthesis of new representatives of this class of tellurium-containing compounds is an urgent task.

One of the main methods of obtaining of diaryl tellurides is the interaction of arylboronic acids with diarylditellurides in the presence of various metal-containing catalysts or microwave radiation. In this paper, we have considered the method of obtaining asymmetric tellurides by the reaction of reduction of sodium sulfite with salts of thiazoloquinazolinaryl dichlorotellurides without the usage of catalysts.

It was found that the reaction of 2-((dichloro(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-tellanyl)methyl)-2,3-dihydro-5H-thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolin-5-one hydrochloride with triple excess of sodium sulfite leads to the formation of 2-((4-methoxyphenyl)tellanyl)methyl)-2,3-dihydro-5H-thiazolo [2,3-b]quinazolin-5-one. It should be noted that the recovery does not break the bond Te-C. In the analysis of spectral data, the signals of the protons of the thiazole cycle and the exocyclic aryltelluric fragment undergo a strong field shift.

Thus, as a result of the reduction reaction of 2-((dichloro(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-tellanyl)methyl)-2,3-dihydro-5H-thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolin-5-one hydrochloride, a biologically promising and suitable for further functionalization telluride was received.
SCREENING OF CONTAINS OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN TRADITIONAL WINES OF THE TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION
Authors: Pomazanova A.I. , Sukhareva O.Yu. , Sukharev S.M.
Published: September 2022

Antioxidants play an important role in human health by performing various functions, including anticancer. Among antioxidants, the most common are polyphenols, including anthocyanins, the main sources, of which are berries and fruits. Red grape wines are a potentially important source of antioxidants, and red wine polyphenols have anticancer and antioxidant effects and have a positive effect on blood red blood cells. This is obviously related to the so-called "French paradox" of wine, because the regular consumption of dry red wine by the French dramatically reduces the incidence of cardiovascular disease and cancer.

Transcarpathia has long traditions of grape wines production, known aboard of the country. This was facilitated by special climatic conditions, soil factors of the grape provinces of Transcarpathia and the skill of the winemakers. In this work we report, a high total content of polyphenolic compounds and anthocyanins in red wines derived from European grape varieties based on the screening of antioxidant content in traditional wines of Transcarpathia. Wines from grapes of the hybrid variety "Isabella" and European varieties "Merlot" and "Cabernet Sauvignon" were studied in three main wine-growing regions of the region. Among the studied red wines (harvested in 2020), the highest total content of polyphenolic compounds is observed in wine from Merlot grapes (2.75 g´L-1), which was obtained in Berehove district. In the same wine, there is the highest total content of anthocyanins (0.715 g´L-1, is 26% of the gross content of polyphenols). Such wine can have a high anti-cancer effect, and its consumption in moderate amounts will have a preventive effect on human health. At the same time, it is shown that the antioxidant properties of red grape wines persist for a short time after uncorking the bottles.
Purpose and Function in The Context of Folk Literature and Malay Joke Stories
Authors:   Kolej Pengajian Seni Kreatif, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perak, Kampus Seri Iskandar, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, MALAYSIA, Rusli Hazrul Mazran , Abdullah Muhammad ,   Kolej Pengajian Seni Kreatif, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perak, Kampus Seri Iskandar, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, MALAYSIA
Published: September 2022

Folk literature initially existed among the people. In general, it refers to folk literature from the past, which has become the heritage of a society. Folk literature is part of the cultural life of ancient societies. For example, in the old Malay society, folklore is an important form of entertainment for the villagers. People's jokes are a form of stories that are popular among the people, which become an important entertainment in the society. In the Malay community, there are also various other types of folk stories such as animal stories, funny stories, comforting stories and stories of experiences. Malay joke stories are also an expression of a society's culture through speech that is directly related to various aspects of culture, such as religion and belief, law, economic activities, family systems, and the order of social values of the society. This research is attentions on two main aspects which are purpose and function such as definition, meaning and general characteristics. This research provides an understanding and structure, in addition to important documentation of Malay history and literature, especially in Malaysia.
Salafi Understanding of Jihad and Its Threat in Current Malaysian Society: An Introduction
Authors:   The Department of Fiqh and Usul, Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya (APIUM), 51200, Kuala Lumpur, Abdul Rahim Rahimin Affandi , Abd Razak Muhd Imran ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS), University Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, Seri Iskandar, 32610 Perak, Malaysia, Kahal Siti Maimunah ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS), University Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, 45000, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: September 2022

Institusi yang berasaskan Islam di Malaysia seperti Majlis Agama Islam Kelantan diasaskan oleh pihak British. Amalan umat Islam di Tanah Melayu sejak dahulu sememangnya telah meraikan budaya masyarakat. Namun begitu, elemen dan pengaruh Khawarij yang bertopengkan nama Salafi yang mengamalkan Islam secara ekstrem di beberapa negara luar, sedikit-sebanyak telah mencemar keharmonian Islam di Malaysia atas alasan mengembalikan umat kepada ajaran Islam yang sejati. Idealisme mensucikan umat Islam dipegang tanpa justifikasi ilmiah sehingga membenarkan langkah ekstrem terhadap semua yang tidak menerima ajaran mereka meskipun sesama kalangan umat Islam. Kelantangan mereka mula zahir sejak era 90an dan lama-kelamaan telah meresapkan pemahaman mereka di segenap lapisan masyarakat dan akhirnya mencemar nama Islam dan membawa kepada Islamofobia di Malaysia
Effect of Spindle Speed and Feed Per Tooth in Feed Rate Perspective on Inconel HX Cutting Force
Authors: Mohd Nor N. A. , Kamarulzaman N. F. , Zakaria N. A. S. , Awang N. , Baharudin B. T. H. T. , Mohd Ariffin M. K. A. Mohd Ariffin , Leman Z.
Published: September 2022

Reducing feed rate during end-milling of nickel-based superalloys for low-cutting force has always been a common approach. This is due to these alloys having superior properties, making them widely regarded as difficult-to-machine materials. As feed rate is tied to spindle speed and feed per tooth, it is crucial to comprehend whether spindle speed, feed per tooth or the interaction between spindle speed and feed per tooth has a significant factor on cutting force reduction when increasing the feed rate. Accordingly, this manuscript presents an effect of spindle speed and feed per tooth in feed rate perspective on Inconel HX cutting force. Half-immersion down-milling and full-immersion down-milling was conducted experimentally using solid ceramic end-mill cutter. The results indicate that cutting force decreases and then increases after further increase in spindle speed, while cutting force increases with an increase in feed per tooth. Optimum spindle speed and optimum feed per tooth for low-cutting force were 21,400 rpm and 0.013 mm/tooth. Furthermore, feed per tooth was the significant factor which influenced the cutting force, whereas spindle speed, and the interaction between spindle speed and feed per tooth were not significant.
Evaluation of Tabular Leg Structure of Mobile Offshore Production Unit (MOPU) Life Extension using Condition Assessment Method
Authors: Jamaluddin Emi Hafizzul , Abd Razak Azli , Adenan Mohd Shahriman , Mohamad Mohd Faizal
Published: September 2022

A Mobile Offshore Production Unit (MOPU) is any type of portable structure that can be reused when procuring oil and gas from the seabed. There are few reasons why MOPU is chosen over the conventional fixed offshore platforms, mainly due to its ability to be installed and relocated in a short period, low installation, and abandonment cost, and providing adequate time to evaluate new reservoirs properly. In certain circumstances, MOPU may be required to remain at the same location for a more extended period beyond its designed life. This paper explains the method of life extension (LE) assessment to extend the useful life of the MOPU. A MOPU with a three-legged jack-up rig in cruciform shape designed and constructed based on the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Classification requirement with a design life of 5 years, which currently in laid-up mode after 14 years in operation. The legs will be the focus of the condition assessment for the LE of the MOPU. The MOPU was constructed with 3 tabular legs with each 92200 mm length, 3500 mm diameter, and 55 mm thickness operate under tensile and shear stress, standing with simply supported at the one-end with hull hanged at the tabular using jacking-pin at the equal elevation of 77,600 mm. The method of assessment used is Non-destructive Tests (NDT). No severe defects or cracks were recorded at the identified stress concentration points. All NDT measurements were found within the acceptable ranges with no recorded anomalies.
Optimization of Machining Parameters using Taguchi Coupled Grey Relational Approach while Turning Inconel 625
Authors: Padhy Chinmaya , Singh Pariniti
Published: September 2022

In manufacturing industries preparation of quality surfaces is very important. The surface roughness will influence the quality and effectiveness of the subsequent coatings for protection against corrosion, wear resistance etc. For achieving desired surface roughness, factors like cutting force (N) and material removal rate (mm3/sec) plays an important role towards final product optimization. This study helps to determine the contribution of each machining parameters [cutting speed (v), feed rate (f) and depth-of-cut (d)] and their interaction to investigate their optimum values during dry turning of Inconel 625 with the objective of enhancing the productivity (optimum production) by minimizing surface roughness (Ra), cutting forces (Fc), whereas maximizing material removal rate (MRR). This kind of multi response process variable (MRP) problems usually known as multi-objective optimizations (MOOs) are resolved with the help of Taguchi and Grey relation approach (T-GRA). As a result, the attained optimum cutting parameters are viz. cutting speed (60 m/min), feed rate (0.3 mm/rev), depth-of-cut (0.25 mm) lead to value of desired variables - cutting forces (340 N), surface roughness (0.998 μm) and material removal rate (0.786 mm3/min).
Whirling Analysis of Stepped Timoshenko Shaft Carrying Several Rigid Disks
Authors: Kandouci Ch.
Published: September 2022

Rotor system is the main part of turbomachines. Critical speeds occur when the rotor spin-speed matches with its natural frequencies, and result in great vibration amplitudes often leading to catastrophic failure. Design specifications based on these critical speeds become essential for the engineer. In this paper, whirling vibrations of a spinning, stepped Timoshenko shaft carrying three identical rigid disks are solved using a developed program in Fortran 90 language, based on relationships between the solution coefficient vectors of differential equations of motion. The flexural vibrations are considered in two orthogonal planes. Shear deformation, rotary inertia, and gyroscopic moments are taken into account. This study shows that in the case of the Timoshenko model, the relationship matrix form between the aforementioned vectors presents an advantage, that reduces the number of multiplied matrices when adjacent shaft segments have the same mechanical and geometric properties. The presented approach and Natanson's technique are combined to determine the whirling mode shapes. The accuracy of the presented technique is confirmed by comparing the obtained results with those available in the literature.
Application of Variable Speed Drive to Overcome Air Conditioning Oversizing Issue
Authors: Abdul Halim Abdul Qayyum , Tuan Tee Boon , Wan Mat Zain Wan Shah Waliallah
Published: September 2022

This paper was aimed at studying the impact of a variable speed drive in tackling the issue caused by an oversized air conditioning system. In this study, oversizing was determined by calculating the actual load demand in an operating air handling unit (AHU), and the formation of mould growth as an indicator of the failure of the AHU to dehumidify the air. A comparison was made between the performance of an actual operating AHU, the performance of the AHU after the installation of a variable speed drive (VSD), and an appropriately sized simulated model of a building using building energy simulation software. The study found that the installed AHU was oversized by 60% and that the installation of VSD is effective in reducing the effective total capacity to meet actual cooling load demand. This study also shows that VSD installation successfully eliminates favourable condition of mould growth by simultaneously reducing AHU capacity and room relative humidity. However, VSD installation should not be standard practice in lieu of proper calculations to determine the appropriate size for an air conditioning system. The simulation result shows that correctly sized air conditioning system will be able to maintain ideal room condition without incurring energy penalties associated with oversizing.