bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY ON THE SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF MILK CANDY AMONG DIFFERENT AGED GROUP CONSUMERS OF BANGLADESH
Authors: B Hossain , EA Jahan,
Published: October 2024

Milk candy contains calcium with other essential nutrients, which make it a potential food supplement for adults and children. The present study was designed to characterize the sensory properties of flavored milk candies. A trained panelist evaluated three milk candies (plain, chocolate, and coffee) using a 15-cm line scale. Three hundred and thirty five adult consumers evaluated the acceptability of three types flavored milk candy on the basis of appearance, shape, texture, aroma, flavor, sweetness, and overall liking. Ninety two children evaluated the acceptability on the basis of overall liking of chocolate and plain flavored milk candies. Evaluations of the flavored milk candies revealed that they were different, based on descriptive sensory attributes. Buttery aroma and caramel aroma were considerer’s discriminating attributes, while sweet and cooked flavors were considerer’s least discriminating. Taste, specific flavor, overall liking and aroma were the critical factors for acceptability of the products. Children liked the chocolate flavored milk candy better than the plain one. There were no significant differences between evaluation by children and adults for chocolate and plain milk candy respectively. It was observed that the consumers accepted the calcium enriched flavored milk candies.
OSTEOARTHRITIS OF KNEE JOINT AMONG DIABETES IN SELECTED HOSPITALS OF DHAKA CITY
Authors: Shirin Akter , Wasiqur Rahman Sabbir , Osman Gony , Rizona Jnui
Published: October 2024

Knee joint osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease which causes serious joint inflammation and strictly limits patients’ usual mobility. Indeed a significant proportion of diabetic patients are victims of this knee joint OA. Concerning the effect of knee OA, present study was carried out, (i) to assess the proportion of osteoarthritis of knee joint among diabetic patients; and (ii) to investigate the effect of various risk factors (e.g. blood glucose level, duration of diabetes, effect of exercise) which are strictly associated with osteoarthritis. 150 diabetic patients (33.3% male and 60.7% female) of mid age were enrolled for this purpose. It has revealed from the present investigation that out of 150 diabetic patients 74% had osteoarthritis. On the other hand depending on the associated risk factors, percentage of knee joint osteoarthritis varies among the respondents. Nevertheless, it has been concluded from the present study that osteoarthritis is a distressing problem in people suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Como Eu Faço Disfunção das Próteses Valvares: Qual o Papel da
Tomografia?
Authors: Torreão Jorge Andion
Published: October 2024

A prevalência de doença valvar cardíaca permanece significativa globalmente, assim como a consequente interposição de dispositivos de substituição valvar. Atualmente, contamos com próteses valvares mecânicas (PVM), próteses valvares biológicas (PVB) e próteses valvares de implante transcateter (THV). A tomografia apresenta excelente resolução espacial e destacada participação no fluxo de diagnóstico complementar nas disfunções das próteses valvares. A tomografia computadorizada (TC) permite a adequada visualização de calcificação/espessamento dos folhetos (biológicas) ou movimentação e angulação discos (mecânicas), desempenhando papel fundamental no diagnóstico de pannus e/ou trombo, assim como na caracterização das complicações paravalvares (deiscência, fistula, "leak", abscesso, pseudoaneurisma). Por fim, a TC tem papel bem estabelecido como ferramenta necessária para o planejamento de intervenções percutâneas (valve-in-valve [VIV]) ou cirúrgicas na substituição de próteses biológicas disfuncionais (Figura Central).
Desain Penggunaan Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Pada Starting-Up Motor Induksi 3 Fasa Menggunakan Metode Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulation (SPWM)
Authors: Sumarta Prima , Aini Zulfatri
Published: October 2024

During the start up process, the induction motor has a fairly high starting current. It can even reach four to eight times the motor's nominal current. An initial current that is large enough and repeated over a short period of time can cause quite high heat in the motor wire coils and trigger a current break. This occurs due to heat accumulating in the motor system. So repeated incidents within a short period of time can result in damage to the coils and other motor components. To overcome this, a Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is used which works by periodically increasing the voltage frequency so that it is able to turn off the current at start-up time intervals or is called the Soft Starting method on motors. The VFD modeling design is carried out based on the SPWM topology with the output parameters of current rotation, THD and reactive power. Test results show that motor performance using a VFD is able to reduce current to 110% from previously 620%, reduce Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) from 5.01% to 3.54%, and reduce motor reactive load from 14.31 kVar to 8 kVar with capacitance value 121.78πF.

Keywords – VFD, SPWM, Motor Starting, THD.
MODEL AND METHODOLOGY FOR RESEARCHING THE END-TO-END BUSINESS PROCESS IN THE CUSTOMS ECOSYSTEM
Authors:   Russian Customs Academy, Prokopenko Anton A.
Published: October 2024

This article provides a detailed examination of the operations occurring in the customs system aimed at conducting documentary and actual customs control. The average volume of loads processed by a particular element of the customs ecosystem, as well as the average time spent by a declaration at each stage of customs clearance, were calculated, the main parameters reflecting the productivity of the subsystem elements were determined, and a model of a multi-channel mass service system was built to determine the average time spent by a declaration of goods in various subsystems (customs offices, customs offices of direct subordination, regional customs administrations).
SHAPING THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Rudakova Lidiya V.
Published: October 2024

The article studies the formation of modern sustainable entrepreneurship, which has long been recognized as a promising area of scientific research and is associated with corporate social responsibility of companies. Sustainable development of companies can be considered as a source of innovation and competitive advantages, which, in combination with strategic environmental management, develop such a new phenomenon as sustainable entrepreneurship, which is based on a growing interest in the living conditions of man and the environment. The article analyzes the relationship between entrepreneurship and sustainable development in several aspects, on the basis of which four main types of entrepreneurship are identified: environmental, social, institutional, innovative. Scientific novelty and practical significance of the work lie in updating the definition of “sustainable entrepreneurship”, as well as in identifying the interaction of market incentives that affect the solution of social and environmental problems through business opportunities.
OIL AND GAS COMPANIES ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION THROUGH THE TRANSPORTABLE MODULAR OR MOBILE COMPLEXES USE
Authors:   JSC Central Design Bureau Lazurit, Saint Petersburg Mining University of Empress Catherine II (Mining Institute), Avdeeva Elana A. ,   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Sheveleva Anastasiya V. ,   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Valov Igor P. ,   LLC “Applied Engineering and Training Center “Sapphire”
Published: October 2024

At the stages of design and construction of stationary oil and gas facilities a number of uncertainties arise from environmental conditions to soil structure peculiarities. In this article the concept of application of transportable modular or mobile complexes (TMC) at oilfields for effective improvement of production, organizational, legal, economic and environmental components and indicators is considered. System and comparative analysis was chosen as the main approach and the options of TMC application in practice are considered and summarized. The materials of the article are of practical value for the public sector in terms of improving approaches to work with TMC, as well as for oil and gas companies considering the possibility of their implementation.
SUPERCAPACITOR-BASED POWER SYSTEMS: APPLICATION, DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Vassunova Yuliya Yu.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of energy systems based on supercapacitors, which are promising devices for storing and distributing energy. The main characteristics of supercapacitors, their application in various industries, as well as methods for designing and optimizing such systems are considered. Particular attention is paid to increasing the efficiency of supercapacitors, improving their energy density and durability, and reducing energy losses. The presented experimental results demonstrate the competitiveness of supercapacitors compared to other energy storage technologies.
INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Safarov Ildar M.
Published: October 2024

The paper reviews modern intelligent manufacturing process control systems that are based on artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. Key areas of their application, such as predictive maintenance, real-time optimization of manufacturing operations, and product quality improvement, are analyzed. Real-world examples of the implementation of such systems in industrial enterprises are described, and the main challenges and prospects for further development are discussed. Findings on the impact of intelligent systems on improving the efficiency and competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises are presented.
APPLICATION OF MICROCONTROLLERS IN ROBOT CONTROL SYSTEMS: ALGORITHMS AND ARCHITECTURES
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Akhmetvaleeva Lyalya V.
Published: October 2024

The article considers modern approaches to the use of microcontrollers in robot control systems, with an emphasis on the development of efficient algorithms and architectures. A comparative analysis of various types of architectures suitable for robotic systems is carried out, and control algorithms optimized for the computing resources of microcontrollers are considered. The main advantages and limitations of various architectures and algorithms, their impact on the performance and stability of control systems are highlighted. The prospects for further development of microcontrollers in the context of their use in robotics and their role in integration with cyber-physical systems and the Internet of Things are assessed.
DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY-SAVING CIRCUIT FOR PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Kharchenko Sergey B.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses modern approaches to the development and optimization of energy-saving circuits for portable electronic devices. The main focus is on reducing energy consumption by using low-power modes of component operation, optimizing the power supply circuit and implementing energy management algorithms at the system level. An analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed solutions is provided using specific devices as an example, with an assessment of their impact on performance and battery life. The results show a significant reduction in power consumption without compromising performance, which confirms the promise of the proposed approaches.
QUANTUM DOTS FOR CREATING HIGH-PERFORMANCE LEDs: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Sinicin Alexey M.
Published: October 2024

Quantum dots (QDs) are a promising material for creating highly efficient light-emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their unique optical and electronic properties. QDs allow achieving high quantum efficiency, narrow emission bandwidth, and precise tuning of the color characteristics of LEDs. This arti-cle reviews the main advantages of using quantum dots in LEDs, such as a wide color gamut and high color fidelity, and discusses key technological challenges, including stability, integration with traditional semiconductor materials, and toxicity of some elements. The prospects for the development and applica-tion of QD LEDs in various industries, including display technology, lighting, and solar cells, are analyzed.
SMART GRIDS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY SYSTEMS
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Sanieva Alina D.
Published: October 2024

In the context of global climate change and growing demand for electricity, the tran-sition to sustainable energy systems is a priority for modern societies. Smart grids are an innovative solution that promotes the integration of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency and stability of energy systems. The article discusses the main advantages and opportunities of smart networks, their role in demand management and the development of distributed generation, as well as the challenges associated with ensuring cybersecurity and cost-effectiveness of their implementation. Special attention is paid to the analysis of global trends and prospects for the development of smart grids in the context of sustainable development of energy systems.
ECONOMIC INEQUALITY AND ITS IMPACT ON INNOVATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev, Kazan, Russian Federation, Parfilova Renata R. , Fedorova Zhanna V. ,   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Economic inequality in developing countries is a significant issue that has profound implications for innovation and economic development. This article explores the mechanisms through which inequality limits access to resources needed for innovation, including education, finance, and in-frastructure. It provides examples of countries that have made significant progress in technological de-velopment despite high levels of inequality. It also examines policy and institutional measures aimed at mitigating inequality and supporting innovation, which can contribute to more inclusive and sustainable development.
PYTHON: USING PYTHON TO AUTOMATE EVERYDAY TASKS
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Galimullin Niyaz R.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the possibilities of using the Python programming language to automate everyday tasks in various fields. The main automation scenarios are presented, such as data processing and analysis, file and document management, interaction with web APIs and cloud services. The advantages of using Python for automation are described, including increased productivity, reduced time costs and reduced likelihood of errors. The limitations and challenges that user face when imple-menting automation are discussed, as well as prospects for further development in this area.
OVERVIEW OF NEUROMORPHIC CHIPS FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Sinicin Alexey M.
Published: October 2024

Neuromorphic chips are innovative computing architectures inspired by the principles of biological neural networks and promise to revolutionize the way we build energy-efficient, high-perfor-mance artificial intelligence (AI) systems. These chips offer a new way of processing data based on paral-lelism, event-driven control, and adaptive learning, which can significantly improve performance at low power consumption. This article discusses the main architectural features of neuromorphic chips, their types and areas of application, and analyzes current challenges and development prospects. The ad-vantages and limitations of such chips for AI tasks, as well as their potential in the future, are shown.
MODERN ELECTRIC POWER STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE POWER SYSTEMS OF THE FUTURE
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Garifullina Nadezhda A.
Published: October 2024

Modern technologies for storing electricity are a key element for ensuring the reliability and sustainability of energy systems of the future, especially in the context of a growing share of renew-able energy sources (RES). This article discusses the main types of energy storage devices, such as elec-trochemical, mechanical, thermal and electromagnetic systems, their advantages, disadvantages and im-plementation prospects. Particular attention is paid to the development of new materials and technologies to improve the efficiency and economic feasibility of these solutions.
George Washington Carver National Monument: Geologic resources inventory report
Authors: Barthelmes Michael , Barthelmes Michael
Published: October 2024

Geologic Resources Inventory (GRI) reports provide information and resources to help park managers make decisions for visitor safety, the planning and protection of infrastructure, and the preservation of natural and cultural resources. Information in GRI reports may also be useful for interpretation. This report synthesizes discussions from a scoping meeting held in 2011 and a follow-up meeting in 2023. The chapters of this report discuss the geologic heritage, geologic history, geologic features and processes, and geologic resource management issues of George Washington Carver National Monument. Guidance for resource management and information about the previously completed GRI GIS data and poster (separate products) are also provided.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan KB Implant
Authors: Farlikhatun Lili
Published: October 2024

Untuk faktor-faktor yang berubungan dengan penggunaan KB implant di Puskesmas Manggunjaya, Tambun Selatan Bekasi tahun 2018. Metode  penelitian adalah analitik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh akseptor KB implant yang berkunjung di Puskesmas Mangunjaya Bekasi pada bulan Januari - April 2018 dengan jumlah sampel 47 orang. Dari analisis univariat didapatkan terbanyak responden yang menggunakan KB implant norplant, usia subur, pendidikan menengah, multipara dan tidak bekerja. Dari analisis bivariat didapatkan umur (p value 0,002), pendidikan (0,010), paritas (0,013), dan pekerjaan (0,001) menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna dengan penggunaan KB implant. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari ke empat variabel menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna dengan penggunaan KB implant.
Relevansi Rencana Induk Pengembangan Terhadap Mutu Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Maju Tahun 2013-2034
Authors: Mayunita Abela , Haque Bunga Romadhona
Published: October 2024

Rencana Induk Pengembagan adalah arahan kebijakan pengambilan keputusan dalam pengelolaan pengembangan penelitian, pengabdian kepada masyarakat dalam jangka lima tahun mendatang. Menghasilkan RIP STIKIM Tahun 2014-2034 agar tercapai tujuan, visi, dan misi yang sesuai. Jenis penelitian kualitatif menggunakan desain studi literatur. Populasi yang digunakan adalah seluruh dokumen yang ada di STIKIM yang dianggap penting dan relevan. Dari penelitian didapatkan hasil Kegiatan Pendidikan dan Pengajaran sesuai dengan standar nasional pendidikan namun belum berfokus student center learning, Struktur Organisasi sudah sesuai, namun masih ada rangkap jabatan, Sumber Daya Manusia perlu peningkatan kualifikasi dosen untuk pendidikan S2 serta pelatihan Toefl, sarana akademik cukup, perlu perluasan tanah untuk pembangunan gedung lahan parkir, Kerjasama sudah dilakukan, perlu kerjasama di luar negri baik akademik/non akademik, Program Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat sudah dilakukan sesuai standar. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Maju merupakan Perguruan tinggi kesehatan yang sudah melakukan rencana perbaharuan dan perbaikan dalam bidang pendidikan dalam mencapai perguruan tinggi yang unggul dan bertaraf regional dengan baik efisien sesuai dengan Rencana Induk pengembangan yang dibuat untuk 20 tahun mendatang. Saran bagi STIKIM sebaiknya menggunakan SCL,tidak rangkap jabatan,pembaharuan kualifikasi dosen minimal S2,kerjasama dengan luar negri akademik/non akademik,penerbitan jurnal regional.
Usury and Prejudice in the Context of the Decree of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in Filatov Case
Authors:   HSE University, Molodyko Kirill Yu.
Published: October 2024

On December 25, 2023, the Constitutional Court of Russia adopted Decree No. 60-P in Filatov case concerning usurious interest. The article substantiates that in interpreting the institution of prejudice, the new approach contradicts the numerous practices of the Constitutional Court itself, in particular, it introduces prejudice on issues of law, and not just fact. In addition, the Decree does not consider the key question of what are the usually charged interest rates in the sense of paragraph 5 of Article 809 of the Civil Code and, accordingly, what are the usurious interest rates? The author’s position on this issue is proposed, taking into account the European and American experience of limiting usury. In particular, it is suggested to unify the interest rate ceilings (caps) and also establish a maximum debt-to-loan ratio for B2C consumer loans and small B2B loans to individual entrepreneurs, regardless of who the creditor is.
Iura Novit Curia: Doctrinal Judgements on the Application of Law in Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Esakov Gennady A.
Published: October 2024

The author continues the recent research on the legal status of the conclusions of a legal specialist in the Russian criminal proceedings. The ambiguous approaches of judicial practice are shown and an attempt to harmonise them with theoretical provisions of criminal procedure is made. In general, such conclusions are a way of the accused to defend against the accusation, and are admissible both in the legislation and in the judicial process.
Analisa Perubahan Tekanan Vakuum Kondensor Terhadap Laju Perpindahan Panas dan Efektivitas Kondensor PLTU Unit 6 Suralaya
Authors: Ardiansyah Teddy , Imansyah Jodi
Published: October 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang analisa perubahan tekanan vacuum kondensor terhadap laju perpindahan panas dan efektivitas kondensor PLTU Unit 6 Suralaya, Metode yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan metode perhitungan Log Mean Suhue Different untuk menghitung laju perpindahan panas dan menggunakan metode penghitungan NTU untuk menghitung nilai efektivitas pada kondensor. Hasil perhitungan penelitian berikut diperoleh nilai terbesar selama penelitian mulai dari tanggal 10 Mei 2024 – 16 Mei 2024 pukul 00:00 – 23:00 bahwa pada pukul 15:00 saat tekanan vacuum kondensor sebesar 697,29 mmHg, laju perpindahan panas sebesar 261888,14 kW, nilai perbedaaan suhu rata-rata logaritmik (LMTD) sebesar 6,551427 oC dan efektivitasnya 86,09 %. Sedangkan nilai terendah tercatat pada pukul 07:00 saat tekanan vacuum kondensor sebesar 696,81 mmHg dengan laju perpidahan panas sebesar 113457,6 kW, nilai perbedaan suhu rata-rata logaritmik (LMTD) sebesar 2,842801 oC, dan nilai efektivitas sebesar 85,60%. Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa semakin besar nilai tekanan vacuum kondensor maka nilai LMTD, laju perpindahan panas dan efektivitas sebuah kondensor juga semakin besar.
Kata kunci: LMTD, Laju Perpindahan Panas, Efektivitas Kondensor
Change in the Agikuyu Women’s Local Trade on Indigenous Food Crops in Nyeri County from 1902 to 1980
Authors: Gitonga Julius Mathenge , Muraya Martha , Kavulavu Leen
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the change in the Agikuyu women’s local trade on indigenous food crops in Nyeri County from 1902 to 1980 This study was conducted in three sub-counties: Kieni East, Mathira East, and Nyeri Central. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources .The research employed a historical research design based on qualitative procedures. The design enabled the researcher to explain, describe and give a historical analysis of the findings. This being a historical study, non-probability sampling procedures were used such as purposive and snowball sampling techniques to gather relevant information. A sample size threshold of 54 respondents was interviewed the main research instruments were the interview guide and focus group discussion. Data for this study was analyzed qualitatively using documentary content analysis, description and narration of the historical events. Data was also corroborated and both context and content analysis were done to ensure reliability and validity of the information. Interpretation was done within the framework of Marxist feminist theory and articulation theory. The study established that the women’s local food crops trade system has not been static the colonial capitalist economic practices brought about profound changes in the economic and social fabric in Nyeri County and significantly undermined the women’s local trade. This resulted to both positive and negative influence to the dimensions of food security in the study area. It was established that the indigenous food crops that women exchanged in the local markets were well adapted to local conditions, sustainably available and provided essential nutrients necessary for the health and well-being of the community. The findings of this study illustrate the pivotal role of Agikuyu women in local trade systems and its substantial contribution to food security in Nyeri County. The study concludes that the ministry of trade should come up with deliberate measures that will integrate women’s local trade into the country’s economic policies and practices and also consider the valuable contribution of women local trade in mitigating food shortage and ensuring eradication of extreme poverty and hunger
Assessing the Utilization of Commercialized Public Toilets in Kakamega Town
Authors: Philip Okanga Mutambi , Makhulo Sylvester , Margaret Immonje M.
Published: October 2024

Human waste management continues to be a major global challenge facing urban growth. Managing sanitation is therefore a challenge facing most governments. The objective of this study was to assess the utilization of commercialized public toilets in Kakamega Town. The study adopted a descriptive research design carried out in Kakamega Town. The target population comprised residents of Kakamega town and those on daily transit. Purposive sampling was done for Kakamega County town and key informants, while Simple random sampling was done for town residents and business people. Systematic sampling was conducted on individuals using public toilets. A sample size of 351 participants was finally used and data was collected using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and document review. 265 (75.5%) of respondents knew of public toilets and their location with only 25.9% of females being very often users. The majority of respondents 256 (72.9%) chose public toilets because of their cleanliness and appearance. Physically challenged respondents were less likely to use commercial toilets in contrast to the able-bodied respondents (OR: 0.4; 95%CI: 0.2 – 0.8; p=0.008).  Location, signage, and maps were among the factors identified as determining the utilization of the public toilet facilities in Kakamega Town. There were low incidents of open defecation, urination, and flying toilets in places where commercialized public toilets were. In conclusion, commercialized public toilets were highly utilized and preferred in Kakamega town due to their cleanliness, location, and accessibility. The study recommends the town increase the number of commercialized public toilet facilities and the management of non-commercialized public toilets in the county government of Kakamega to enhance cleanliness and access to all public toilets within the town
Economic Erosion: Examining Germany's Decline as a Business Destination
Authors: Moch Enrico
Published: October 2024

This study delves into the complex web of causes that have contributed to Germany's gradual decline as a sought-after business location. This scholarly work methodically examines a variety of internal and external variables shaping the country's economic environment, thus providing a comprehensive picture of the significant challenges currently faced by the German economy. The study methodically analyzes key variables such as labor market dynamics, regulatory frameworks, demographic changes and infrastructure improvements to uncover the root causes of this decline. The results of this research are of enormous importance for the formulation of strategic, precise policy initiatives aimed at revitalizing the German economy, strengthening its resilience and restoring its position as a global beacon for industry recruitment and retention. Using a strong mixed methods approach, this study leverage the synergy of primary data collected through surveys, interviews and case studies, and secondary data derived from government reports, academic publications and economic indicators. This multi-layered technology makes it easier to recognize observable patterns and develop concrete, realistic plans that will lead Germany to long-term economic development and prosperity. This research is a component of efforts to revitalize Germany's economic strength and restore its reputation as a leading commercial center, and provides useful information for policymakers, industry executives and academics alike. The comprehensive analysis presented in this study has far-reaching implications for the larger European economic environment and contributes to the global discourse on sustainable economic development and renewal
AI Methods and Algorithms for Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasites: Applications, Challenges and Future Opportunities
Authors: Kenneth Male Henry , Joseph Tibakanya , Rose Nakasi
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) transforms intestinal parasite diagnosis, particularly through deep learning models like convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This paper reviews the application of AI, especially CNNs, in automating parasite detection and classification from microscopic images. Integrating AI into parasitology diagnostics speeds up the process, reduces human error, and enhances treatment and patient outcomes. However, there is a need for more datasets reflecting the African context to ensure accurate ground-truthing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) across Africa. Most AI models for medical diagnosis are trained on datasets from high-income countries, which may not capture the unique epidemiological, genetic, and environmental factors prevalent in African populations. This can lead to less accurate diagnoses and treatment recommendations in African LMICs. For example, intestinal parasitic infections are common in many African regions, yet the datasets used to train AI models often lack sufficient representation from these areas. Developing datasets that reflect the diverse African context is crucial for improving the accuracy and reliability of AI-based diagnostic tools. Issues like overfitting, data privacy, and cost also require attention. Collaboration between researchers, healthcare professionals, and technologists is essential to address these challenges. Standardized protocols for data collection, model training, and validation are necessary for reliable AI systems. Combining AI with traditional techniques holds promise for better parasite diagnosis, ultimately improving African healthcare outcomes
The Size of Transactions, Types of Products, and the Choice Between Electronic Payments and Cash Usage
Authors: Zahid Nabiullah
Published: October 2024

Fueled by recent policy advancements and technological progress, India’s digital payment system is on the verge of becoming a noteworthy success story. Concurrently, data also highlights the continued reliance on cash. While broad national-level data can provide insights into overall citizen preferences, we utilize a survey-based data-set to gain insight into how factors such as ’transaction size,’ ’nature of the product,’ ’consumer perception,’ ’trust’ in digital payments, and the costs associated with digital transactions influence consumer payment behavior. While demographic factors like age and income play a role in these choices, we discover compelling evidence that an individual’s choice of digital payment methods is strongly shaped by their perception of these options, transaction size, trust, associated costs, and the product category. Notably, we observe that as transaction size increases, the use of digital payment methods tends to decrease.
Differentiated Approach to Surgical ­Treatment of Gunshot Diaphyseal Shin Fractures
Authors: Kalashnikov A.V. , Litun Yu.M. , Demian Yu.Yu.
Published: October 2024

Background. The roots of problems in the treatment of gunshot fractures to extremities lay in the high-energetic character of these traumas, the frequency of infectious complications, high rate of slow consolidations, and occurrence of pseudoarthroses and bone tissue lesions.
Objective. The objective of the study was to improve the treatment results of patients with gunshot fractures of the shin bones based on the development of a differentiated approach to the treatment of such injuries.
Material and Methods. The study is based on the results of examination and treatment of 128 patients with dominant combat shin traumas. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group (control group) included 68 patients who underwent treatment with an external fixation device (EFD). The second group (study group) included 60 patients who underwent the extrafocal osteosynthesis replaced by an internal, mostly intramedullary one. To assess the functional outcomes of treatment, we applied the LEFS (Lower Extremity Functional Scale) in the dynamics of the therapy, namely in 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after the injury.
Results. Mean values in both groups during the first two to three weeks showed no statistically significant difference, and their average score according to the LEFS scale was 15.75 points. The most significant differences were observed in the period from 6 to 12 months after the injury, 39.4±2.4 (EFD) and 57.3±2.1 (intramedullary nailing). After 18 months, excellent results showed 20.7% of patients from the study group and 15.8% of the control group (61 – 80 LEFS scores). Good results had 43.2% and 33.1%, respectively (41 – 60 LEFS scores). 28.1% and 39.3%, respectively, showed satisfactory results (21 – 40 LEFS scores). Poor results showed 8.0% of patients of the study group and 11.8% of the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusions. The analysis of treatment outcomes of patients with gunshot diaphyseal shin fractures demonstrates that conversion, when used according to indications and following criteria to the replacement of the method of fixation, reduces the incidence of complications in both the early and late postoperative periods, fastens consolidation of gunshot diaphyseal shin fractures by 4.5±2.3 weeks, reduces the frequency of fracture consolidation disorders by 10.6%, and improves the functional results of the patients by 15.0%.
Microflora of Secretions in a Surgical Hospital of Orthopedics and Traumatology Profile for 2021-2023 (SI “ITO NAMS of Ukraine”)
Authors: Liutko O.B. , Vitrak K.V. , Didenko S.V. , Melnyk K.O.
Published: October 2024

Summary. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), namely, surgical site infections, early postoperative and subsequent in-hospital infections, are the most common undesirable phenomenon in the world. According to statistics, at least one case of HAIs is diagnosed in every 100 hospitalized patients in hospitals of 7 developed and 15 other countries of the world at any given time. The occurrence of such complications during the treatment of a patient in a hospital leads to the need of additional diagnostic tests, additional courses of antibiotics, and unplanned surgical intervention. Worsening of the prognosis of treatment may occur due to the formation of the so-called resistant microflora in such patients, with a real probability of spreading the infection in the hospital. Prevention of HAIs in practice occurs through planned infection control in operating rooms and procedure rooms in clinical departments and qualified timely diagnostic work of certified microbiological laboratories in hospitals.
Objective. The objective of the study was to determine the spectrum of microflora of secretions for three years (2021-2023) in orthopedic and trauma patients due to changes in modern injuries received more often because of military aggression and to propose the identified differences as criteria for prescribing antibacterial drugs in complex inpatient treatment. The work shows that over the past three years (2021-2023), the ratio of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms in the study material almost did not change and averaged 1.65. The peculiarity of the analyzed period was an increase in the number of methicillin-resistant staphylococci by 1.3 times. The spectrum of gram-negative clinical strains has changed, namely, the number of Kl.pneumoniae clinical strains with a high level of polyresistance has increased by 2.5 times. The obtained data made it possible to identify the spectrum of microflora of secretions in orthopedic and trauma patients with modern infectious complications, which prompts us to make changes in the standards of antibacterial treatment protocols, and to plan the needs for certain antibiotics in hospitals with personalization of their prescription to improve the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the risk of development of antimicrobial resistance.
СПОДВИЖНИЦЬКА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ІЛЛІ ОСИПОВИЧА ФРУМІНА (1876-1945) (до 105-річчя з дня заснування інституту)
Authors: Гайко Г.В. , Немирович-Булгакова О.І. , Лєсков В.Г. , Мандрик П.Т.
Published: October 2024

СПОДВИЖНИЦЬКА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ІЛЛІ ОСИПОВИЧА ФРУМІНА (1876-1945) (до 105-річчя з дня заснування  інституту)
Secret sharing in a special linear group
Authors: Yanchevskiĭ V. I. , Havarushka I. A. , Matveev G. V.
Published: October 2024

Objectives. The problem of developing the mathematical foundations of modular secret sharing in a special linear group over the ring of integers is being solved.

The relevance of the problem is reduced to the fact that a large number of requirements are imposed on secret sharing schemes. These include the ideality of the scheme, the possibility of verification, changing the threshold without the participation of the dealer, the implementation of a non-threshold access structure and some others. Every secret sharing scheme developed to date does not fully satisfy all these requirements. It only has a certain configuration of these properties. The development of a scheme on a new mathematical basis is intended to expand the list of these configurations, which creates more opportunities for the user in choosing the optimal option.

Methods. Group theory, modular arithmetic and theory of secret sharing schemes are used.

Results. A fundamental domain with respect to the action of the main congruence subgroup by right shifts in the special linear group of second-order matrices over the ring of integers is constructed. On this basis, methods for modular secret sharing and its threshold restoration are proposed.

Conclusion. A rigorous mathematical justification is given for the correctness of the algorithms for generating partial secrets and restoring the main secret in the special linear group over the ring of integers. These results will be used to study the configuration of secret sharing properties in this group.
HUBUNGAN STRES DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA PEKERJA MITIGASI PEMADAM KEBAKARAN DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Slamet Sudi Santoso  , Isramilda  , Angel Manik
Published: October 2024

Background: Hypertension is a condition where the blood vessels experience a continuous increase, while diastolic blood pressure is the blood pressure when the heart relaxes. This hypertension can be influenced by several factors, especially stress. Stress is a state or condition that arises due to the inability of a person experiencing stress to deal with stressors including circumstances and biological, psychological and social resources. One job that can be at risk of hypertension due to work stress is firefighting, because this job involves repeated exposure to traumatic events that can cause psychological problems.
Method: This research uses quantitative methods through a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted at Batam University in December-January 2023/2024. The sampling technique used Isaac Michael's formula with a sample size of 43 out of 110 workers
Result: The results of the analysis test using the Spearman Rank test showed a p result of 0.002 (<0.05), indicating that there was a significant relationship between stress levels and the incidence of hypertension. with a Spearman Rank correlation coefficient value of 0.432.
Conclusion: Based on the research results, it was found that there was a relationship between stress and the incidence of hypertension in firefighting mitigation workers in Batam City in 2023.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN MAKAN, DURASI TIDUR DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN STATUS GIZI KARYAWAN TOKO RITEL KOTA BATAM TAHUN 2023
Authors: Liya Anjelina  , Gunawan Dahlan , Luckie Loveanis
Published: October 2024

Background: Nutritional status remains a global issue, including in Indonesia. Nutritional status is influenced by several factors, namely food intake, sleep duration, and unbalanced physical activity, which can lead to either excessive or insufficient nutritional status. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary intake, sleep duration, and physical activity with the nutritional status of retail store employees in Batam City in 2023.  
Methods: This research is a cross-sectional analytical study with accidental sampling technique involving 60 samples. Food intake is measured using a semi-qualitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), sleep duration is measured using a questionnaire on average weekly sleep duration, physical activity is measured using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and nutritional status is measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI) by measuring weight and height. Data analysis using correlation gamma test.
Results: The correlation gamma test results indicate a significant relationship between food intake and nutritional status with a p-value of 0.000 (p ≤ 0.05)(r=0,919). However, the relationship between sleep duration and nutritional status resulted in a p-value of 0.137 (p > 0.05)(r = -0,284), and the relationship between physical activity and nutritional status resulted in a p-value of 0.758 (p>0.05)(r = -0,067).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between food intake and the nutritional status of retail store employees in Batam City in 2023. However, there is no significant relationship between sleep duration, physical activity, and the nutritional status of retail store employees in Batam City in 2023.
Keywords: Nutritional Status, Food Intake, Sleep Duration, Physical Activity
HUBUNGAN AIR SUSU IBU EKSKLUSIF DENGAN JUMLAH GIGI SUSU BAYI USIA 6-12 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BOTANIA KOTA BATAM
Authors: Ibrahim  , Sarita Miguna  , Nadya Hanifa
Published: October 2024

Background: The incidence of delayed growth and development of bones and teeth, as well as abnormalities in bone and teeth among the Indonesian population, is quite high. The growth of baby teeth provides an indication of infant nutrition, as sufficient nutrition influences the acceleration of baby teeth growth. Thus, essential nutrients for overall metabolism, foods with high-quality protein and calcium concentration, have a linear relationship with the growth and development of bones and teeth.
Methods: : The study employed an analytical observational research design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 486 infants aged 6-12 months from the Botania Community Health Center. Sample selection utilized Simple Random Sampling with a minimum total sample of 78. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square Test.
Results: There was a significant relationship between Exclusive Breastfeeding and the Number of Baby Teeth Aged 6-12 Months at the Botania Community Health Center, with a obtained p-value of 0.024 < 0.05.
Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it is concluded that there is a significant relationship between the Number of Baby Teeth Aged 6-12 Months in the working area of Botania Community Health Center, Batam City, in 2023, with a p-value of 0.024.
Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Infants aged 6-12 months, Baby Teeth
HUBUNGAN ANTARA DERAJAT HIPERTENSI DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI RUMAH SAKIT PMI KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Yusmahenry Galindra  , Andi Asda Astiah  , Naila Syahla Nuralyfah
Published: October 2024

Background: According to the Ministry of Health (2021), Hypertension or high blood pressure is characterized by an increase in systolic blood pressure exceeding 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure exceeding 90 mmHg in two measurements taken five minutes apart in a sufficiently rested/quiet state. Poor sleep quality occurs due to increased cortisol hormone, caused by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which enhances vasoconstrictor effects (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that influence the increase in blood pressure. Individuals with good sleep quality tend to experience a better quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship between the degree of hypertension and sleep quality in hypertensive patients at PMI Hospital Bogor City in 2023.
Method: This is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional analytical study design. The sampling technique used in this study is non-probability sampling with a sample size of 82 individuals using accidental sampling. Sleep quality was measured using the PSQI questionnaire. Data analysis employed univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square statistical test.
Results: The Chi-square test analysis for the relationship between the degree of hypertension and sleep quality in hypertensive patients yielded a p-value of 0.115 (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, it is concluded that there is no significant relationship between the degree of hypertension and sleep quality in hypertensive patients at PMI Hospital Bogor City in 2023.
 
 
Keywords: Hypertension Severity; Sleep Quality; PSQI