bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gutiérrez Gómez, Edgar (2012). El absurdo de la vida. Ayacucho (Perú): copygraph Bautista, 129 pp.
Authors: Paz y Miño Conde Manuel Abraham
Published: December 2019

Como toda expresión humana, el sentido de la vida se puede abordar de modo optimista o pesimista. Sobre el primer modo, tenemos los libros de: a) Juan A. Mackay, filósofo y teólogo presbiteriano escocés, El sentido de la vida y otros ensayos de 1978 (3ra. ed.), donde habla en realidad del sentido de la hombridad, la vocación, la verdad, la amistad, el universo y lo cristiano; el autobiográfico de Moisés Chávez Ramos, escritor y hebraísta evangélico, Filosofía de la vida (s/f) donde concibe a esta “como la búsqueda del propósito y del sentido de la vida” (p. 7). b) Ángel Peña Benito, sacerdote agustino, Vale la pena vivir de 2006, quien afirma que “(e)l sentido de la vida está en Dios, que nos ama, aunque, a veces, esté oculto y silencioso” (p. 4).
Prístino de una investigación académica
Authors: Gutiérrez Gómez Edgar
Published: December 2019

La universidad es comunidad de docentes y académicos con libertad de pensamiento, que superaron los disímiles ciclos en su progreso histórico. Su existencia se justifica con su personal de entelequia, como la sentencia de Mariátegui: “A la Universidad le tocaba darle, por ende, esta milicia intelectual”. (2012, p,221). Independientemente, sobre el ego académico que hace competente a las universidades reinantes, como producto de una escolta minuciosa por la Superintendencia Nacional de Educación Superior Universitaria (SUNEDU) la investigación es determinante para redimir la razón de su existencia de estas universidades en su ámbito geográfico donde se ha erigido.
Warma: aplicativo móvil para el aprendizaje de matemáticas y lenguaje en instituciones educativas de las comunidades quechua hablantes en Ayacucho
Authors: Gutiérrez Gómez Edgar , Ocampo Yahuarcani Isaac , Jeri Lagos Kay Dennise , Saravia Llaja Lelis Antony
Published: December 2019

Desde la Universidad de Ayacucho Federico Froebel (UDAFF) se viene impulsando un proyecto de investigación que busca la mejora de la enseñanza y aprendizaje de lenguaje y matemáticas para niños de educación inicial de poblaciones quechua hablantes de Ayacucho, a partir del uso de tecnologías móviles (teléfonos celulares y tabletas). Entre los resultados que se esperan de este proyecto es que los niños de educación inicial cuenten con instrumentos educativos digitales (desde teléfonos celulares y tabletas) con contenido adaptado a la realidad ayacuchana, y que favorezcan el aprendizaje de lenguaje y matemáticas en la lengua materna de sus padres (quechua hablantes), siendo accesible desde cualquier comunidad quechua hablante. Esto además servirá para la reducción de debilitamiento de la lengua materna quechua, así como la identidad cultural de las poblaciones de los pueblos andinos.
Perinatal outcome associated with oligohydramnios in term pregnancies
Authors: Chudal Deepa , Bista Keshang Diki , Pradhan Neelam
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Amniotic fluid is a complex substance essential to fetal well-beingand dynamic milieu that changes as pregnancy progresses andsurrounds developing fetus providing an ideal environment for normal fetal growth and development. Amniotic fluid volume is fetal well being which varies with gestational age and depends on a dynamic interaction between placenta, fetus and maternal components.

Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, from 14th April 2013 to 13th April 2014(2070) which consisted of singleton, term (37-42weeks) pregnancies admitted with ultrasonographicfinding of Amniotic Fluid Index≤ 5 with delivery within one week of ultrasonographicfinding. A prefixed questionnaire was used to fill maternal and fetal outcome parameters like age, parity, period of gestation, Amniotic Fluid Index, associated maternal conditions, mode of delivery, indication of Cesarean section, color of liquor and perinatal outcomes.

Results: Total 115 cases of oligohydramnioswere noted accounting for an incidence of 2.4%. 92 women were term, giving incidence of term oligohydramnios to be 2%. Out of 92 cases, 77(83.6%) underwent emergency caesarean section and 15 (16.3%) were delivered vaginally. Low birth weight of < 2.5 kg was noted in 14 (15.2%) babies and meconium stained liquor was present in 12 (13%) of oligohydramnios cases. APGAR score of < 7 at 1 minute and 5 minute was seen in 13 (14.13%) and 3 (3.26%) cases respectively. . Among 92 cases, 44 (47.8%) were associated with Prelabor Rupture of Membranes followed by post dated pregnancies and Intrauterine Growth Retardation accounting for 12 (13.1%) cases in each group

Conclusion: Prelabor Rupture of Membranes was  most common cause of term oligohydramnios resulting in high risk of caesarean delivery in oligohydramnios cases. Cesarean Section for oligohydramnios has been associated with good perinatal outcome.
Combined Interscalene and Superficial Cervical Plexus Block for Clavicle Surgery: Case Series
Authors: K.C. Kiran Kumar , Hyoju Sundar , Raya Pawan kumar , Budhathoki Chhanda , Sharma Ram Prasad , Lamichhane Suraj , Yadav Archana
Published: December 2019

General Anesthesia is preferred over regional anesthesia in clavicle surgery. We report 3 cases of clavicle fracture which was performed under USG guided combined Interscalene and Superficial cervical plexus block. All the patients were comfortable and there was no need for additional analgesia. Thus regional anesthesia can be used as a sole anesthetic technique in patients with clavicle fracture and can be an alternative where general anaesthesia and its adverse effects needs to be avoided.

Keywords: clavicle fracture; interscalene brachial plexus block; superficial cervical plexus block. Correspondance: Dr.
Erector Spinae Block for Analgesia : A Safe and Novel Technique with Diverse Applications
Authors: Shakya Bigen Man , Shrestha Ninadini , Acharya Binita , Shrestha Anil , Gurung Renu , Acharya Utsav
Published: December 2019

Erector Spinae Block is a paraspinal musculofascial plane block where we inject local anesthetics superficial to the tip of the transverse processes and deep to the erector spinae muscle .It works at the origin of spinal nerves based on cadaveric and contrast study. It is effective and safe regional anesthetic technique. It has a wide variety of applications ranging from acute postoperative pain treatment to chronic pain management. In this series, we report a series of two cases, which include postoperative pain management in Partial Nephrectomy and chronic pain management in Post Herpetic Neuralgia.

Keywords: Analgesia; erector spinae block; regional.
PENGARUH KONSUMSI AIR REBUSAN DAUN KATUK TERHADAP PENGELUARAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU NIFAS DI BIDAN PRAKTEK MANDIRI MANURUNG MEDAN TAHUN 2018
Authors: Situmorang Tetti Seriati
Published: December 2019

United Nation Children’s Fund (UNICEF) menyatakan sebanyak 30.000 kematian bayi di Indonesia dan 10 juta kematian anak balita di dunia tiap tahunnya dapat dicegah dengan pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) secara eksklusif selama enam bulan pertama kehidupan bayi. Beberapa masalah yang sering timbul pada masa menyusui adalah sindrom ASI kurang. Produksi dan pengeluaran ASI dipengaruhi oleh 2 hormon yaitu prolaktin (mempengaruhi jumlah produksi ASI) dan oksitosin (mempengarui proses pengeluaran ASI). Prolaktin berkaitan dengan nutrisi ibu, semakin baik nutrisinya baik, ASI yang diproduksi juga banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi air rebusan daun katuk terhadap pengeluaran produksi ASI pada ibu nifas DI bpm Manurung Medan dengan metode quasi eksperiment dan desain kohort. Kelompok sampel intervensi (mengkonsumsi rebusan daun katuk) dan kelompok sampel kontrol masing-masing berjumlah 16 responden. Uji statistik yang diguankan adalah man whytney test. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan p (sig) adalah 0,009 < 0,05, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh konsumsi rebusan daun katuk terhadap peningkatan produksi ASI pada ibu nifas. Diharapkan kepada ibu nifas, tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat lebih maksimal mensosialisasikan dan memanfaatkan daun katuk sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI pada ibu nifas untuk pencapaian ASI eksklusif demi generasi dengan sumber daya manusia yang lebih berkualitas.

 

 The United Nation's Fund (UNICEF) states that as many as 30,000 infant deaths in Indonesia and 10 million deaths of children under five in the world each year can be prevented by providing breast milk exclusively for the first six months of a baby's life. Some problems that often arise during breastfeeding are less ASI syndrome. Breast milk production and expenditure is influenced by two hormones, namely prolactin (affects the amount of ASI production) and oxytocin (affects the process of breastfeeding). Prolactin is related to maternal nutrition, the better the nutrients are good, the more milk produced. This study aimed to determine the effect of consumption of katuk leaf boiled water on the expenditure of breast milk production in postpartum mothers IN Manurung Medan bpm with the quasi experiment method and cohort design. The intervention sample group (consuming katuk leaf decoction) and control sample groups were 16 respondents respectively. The statistical test used is man why test. The statistical test results obtained p (sig) is 0.009 <0.05, it can be concluded that there is an influence of katuk leaf decoction consumption on increased milk production in postpartum mothers. It is expected that postpartum mothers, health workers and the community will be more maximal socializing and utilizing katuk leaves as a solution to increase breastmilk production in postpartum mothers to achieve exclusive breastfeeding for generations with better quality human resources.
PENGARUH HYPERTENTION SELF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION ( HSME) TERHADAP TEKANAN DARAH DI PUSKESMAS KABANJAHE
Authors: Sagala Lam Murni
Published: December 2019

Hypertension is a persistent blood pressure with systolic blood pressure above 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg. The treatment of hypertension is highly depend on the information given by nurse to patients’ skills on self care management to modify and maintain effective behavior. These activities include self management in prescribed medication, health monitoring, adequate rest, stress management and prescribed diet and exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Hypertension Self Management Education (HSME) on controlling blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the Kabanjahe health center.This research used the quasi experimental research, using pretest and posttest with control group design. The samples of  research consisted of 40 respondents, and they were divided into two groups, namely: control group and intervention group. The data of research were analyzed by using the Paired T-test. The result of research shows that the p-values of Paired T-test of the experiment and control groups were 0.782 and 0.577 respectively whereas the p- value of Independent T-test was 0.001 (p <α; α = 0.05). Thus, there was an effect of Hypertention Self Management Education (HSME) on the control of  blood pleasure of the patient hypertention, Community Health Center, Kabanjahe. The nurses, therefore, are suggested to extend the HSME to control the blood pleasure hypertention client and and utilize the HSME as a health promotion program.

 

Hipertensi adalah tekanan darah persisten dengan tekanan darah sistolik di atas 140 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik di atas 90 mmHg. Perawatan hipertensi sangat tergantung pada informasi yang diberikan oleh perawat kepada keterampilan pasien tentang manajemen perawatan diri untuk memodifikasi dan mempertahankan perilaku yang efektif. Kegiatan-kegiatan ini termasuk manajemen diri dalam pengobatan yang diresepkan, pemantauan kesehatan, istirahat yang cukup, manajemen stres dan diet dan olahraga yang ditentukan. Tujuan  penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh Hypertention Self Management Education (HSME) terhadap pengontrolan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi di puskesmas kabanjahe. Metode penelitian adalah quasi experimental dengan menggunakan metode pre-test and post-test with control group design. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 40 responden, dan mereka dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu: kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan Paired T-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-p dari uji-T Berpasangan dari eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol masing-masing adalah 0,782 dan 0,577 sedangkan p-nilai dari Independent T-test adalah 0,001 (p <α; α = 0,05). Dengan demikian, ada efek dari Edukasi Manajemen Diri Hipertensi (HSME) pada kontrol tekanan darah dari pasien hipertensi, Puskesmas, Kabanjahe. Oleh karena itu, perawat disarankan untuk memberikan penkes HSME untuk mengendalikan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi dan memanfaatkan HSME sebagai program promosi kesehatan.
Knowledge and Practice on Reproductive Heath Rights among Married Women in Nepal
Authors: Kumar Yadav Rajesh , Ram Gahatraj Nand , Kumar Yadav Dipendra , Marahatta Sujan Babu
Published: December 2019

Reproductive health rights ensure that people are able to have satisfying and safe sex life and that they have the capacity to reproduce with freedom to decide, when and how often to do so. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices on reproductive health rights among madhesi married women. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 madhesi married women of reproductive age in Sarlahi district conducted from July 2014 to December 2014. Data were entry in Epidata software and analyzed by SPSS 20 version. Of the total 384 respondents most of them (39.3%) were of age group 25-35 years from different ethnic groups. Most were simple illiterate (65.6%) and housewife (60.9%) very few of respondents were knowledge about reproductive health rights (37%) and not statistical significant relationship with level of knowledge and level of practice (χ 1 2 =2.036, p=0.154). Level of knowledge was statistically significant relationship with educational level (χ 4 2 = 43.983 p<0.001). Use of FP services have statistically significant relationship with Age group (p<0.001). The level of knowledge and level of practice on RHRs is still very low in Madhesi women.

Keywords: Reproductive health rights; Madhesi women; practice
Gender Prospective: Routes of Transmission and Care Seeking of HIV among HIV Infected Individuals Attending for CD4 T Cell Count in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Sharma Bimala , Tiwari Bishnu Raj , Ghimire Prakash , Malla Sarala
Published: December 2019

Gender may play important role on routes of transmission and care seeking of HIV among HIV infected individuals. The objective of the study was to assess gender difference on routes of transmission and care seeking of HIV among HIV infected individuals attending National Public Health Laboratory in Kathmandu, Nepal for CD4 T cell count. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1945 HIV infected people attending for CD4 Tcell count from March, 2005 to December 2008. Of total, 65.6% were males and dominant age group was 20-39 years (78.0%). Median age of the study population was 30, of males 31 and of females 29 years. The dominant routes of transmission were injecting drug-use (41.0%) and commercial sex (36.9%). Males were more likely to report IDU (60.4% versus 4.2%) while females were more likely to report CSW (46% versus 32%) as their routes of transmission. Regarding sex with partner, 42.7% of females and 2.1% of males had reported the acquisition of the infection through their spouses or regular sex partners. Forty percent participants had attended for CD4 T cell count within 12 months since the diagnosis of HIV. Females had attended earlier than males (44% versus 37%) for CD4 T cell count within one year of diagnosis. More males had CD4 T cell counts <200/µl (42.3 % versus 34.7%). The difference on age; routes of transmission , arrival time for CD4 T cell count since the diagnosis of HIV and CD4 T cell count were significant with the sex of participants. Major route of transmission was injecting drug use among males and commercial sex among females. Females were younger, attended earlier for CD4 T cell count and had better immunological status. Gender should be considered in control measures of HIV in Nepal.

Key words: Gender prospective, routes of transmission of HIV, care seeking, CD4 T cell count
Magnitude of Family Planning Use in Gardi Village Development Committee of Chitwan district
Authors: Kumar Malla Dinesh
Published: December 2019

The estimated contraceptive prevalence rate of Chitwan is based on the data of health management and information system. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the actual magnitude of family planning use among different age groups, castes, educational status, etc. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Gardi village development committee of Chitwan district from June 15, 2012 to July 5, 2012. A total of 246 married women of reproductive age were studied, who were obtained from 410 households selected from the total households of the village development committee using stratified proportionate random sampling technique. Structured interview was done and data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Percentages of the variables were calculated and cross-tabulations were done. The percentage of family planning use was 65%, increasing after the age of thirty years- 70% on average in each age group thereafter. More Dalits (76%) used family planning methods than Janajatis (58%). About three quarters of women were met with primary education and 69% of illiterates used family planning, with the least percentage (37%) among those with SLC and above education. Most common method was male sterilization (41%), followed by female sterilization (21%). The reasons for not using family planning were given as: no need of family planning (78%), feared side-effects (17%) and did not know any methods (5%). For an awareness program of family planning, couples with caste Janajati, those having education SLC and above and younger age groups should be given more priority.

Key words: Family Planning, Magnitude, Chitwan
Evaluating the Journal’s Quality: Methods and Tools
Authors: Prasad Paneru Damaru
Published: December 2019

N/A
Seroprevalance of HIV and Syphilis among Blood Donors in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Raj Tiwari Bishnu , Ghimire Prakash , Chandra Shrestha Ashish , Raj Rijal Komal , Sharma Bimala
Published: December 2019

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Obstacles and Opportunities for Adolescents Reproductive Health and Right Advocacy in Nepal
Authors: Gyawali Kapil , Jnawali Kalpana
Published: December 2019

na
Qualitative Response Modeling Using Ordinal Logistic Regression
Authors: Karki Dipesh
Published: December 2019

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Cavum/Plenum:
Authors: Bassanelli Michela
Published: December 2019

The limit between interior and exterior seems no longer to exist and the two domains increasingly influence each other to the point where they blur into one. In contemporary representations of interior spaces in particular, the private and domestic aspect is in crisis. Two modalities of interpretation of the interior space make this evident, and both originate from notions of cavum and plenum. The former refers to the idea of emptiness, an empty, hollowed out space, while the latter is rather the action of filling. Through critical readings of selected examples of the representation of contemporary domestic spaces, this paper considers some features of internal space and of a new interiority - from the loss of borders between exterior and interior - evidenced in projects such as Sway House (2008) by Atelier Bow-Wow, Moriyama House (2005) by Ryue Nishizawa/SANAA, to the dematerialisation of space when landscapes, with their atmospheric variables, become one with interiors - evidenced in projects such as Curtain Wall House (1995) by Shigeru Ban; House in Leiria (2008-2010) by Aires Mateus.
Sharing the Interior:
Authors: McIntosh Jacqueline , Gray John
Published: December 2019

Economy is often neglected in the literature on housing, and the design of house interiors. Exploring emerging forms of interior environments, this paper examines the relationship between sharing practices and models of economic domestic interiors. It maintains that sharing can be seen as a sustainable desirable and economic practice because it reduces total housing cost (and total construction), provides opportunities for exchange through collective use of space, and increases overall quality of life by enhancing chances for social interaction. The paper then provides examples of shared housing drawn from the authors’ current research and practice with respect to conjoined hous- ing in New Zealand and Australia, and concludes by suggesting interior design strategies to better accommodate changing household structures and facilitate desirable sharing practices while achieving economies.
Interior Luxury at the Café Australia
Authors: Condello Annette
Published: December 2019

Chicagoan architects Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin moved to Australia in 1914 to realise their expansive vision for its new national capital city, Canberra. By contrast, their first work built here was a diminutive interior, the Australia Café and Bar (1915-16) at temporary national capital Melbourne. An insertion within an extant building, the ‘Australia’, however, was not the first café to occupy 270 Collins Street East; the address was actually the locus of an interior architecture palimpsest. The Gunsler first occupied the site in 1879; the Vienna followed in 1889.Antony J. J. Lucas purchased the Vienna in 1915 and contracted the Griffins to expand it. This study surveys the ‘Australia’ and its predecessor’s interiors and positions all three within the city’s wider café scene, aiming to cultivate an appreciation of the Griffins’ café as a luxurious Australian-type venue. It argues that with the Australia Café’s completion in 1916, the Griffins realised the most luxurious interior erected in Melbourne, if not the country; their design involvement established a new rich avenue of ‘Australian’ luxury bolstered with a Mayan Revival aesthetic. Their aesthetic, however, was apparently in advance of public taste. The Australia soon met with criticism; its façade was altered by others in 1920 and its interior was almost completely erased by 1938.This paper explores the Griffins’ café design interventions for the ‘Australia’ and the concept of interior luxury.
What can we learn from the Bubble Man and his Atmospheric Ecologies?
Authors: Frichot Hélène
Published: December 2019

With this essay I present the fragile thought-image of the soap-bubble to venture an augmented understanding of what an atmospheric ecology might be, what it might include, and how it might contribute to a thinking of interiors. In contemporary digital design the soap-bubble or soap film is most often investigated for what it can tell us about material behaviour, and how an understanding of material behaviour as it occurs in ‘Nature’ can be innovatively applied to design problems. Soap film can be studied in terms of what it tells us about surface tension and minimal distribution of material, which then allows the designer to better understand tensile structures. It also contributes to an understanding of cell walls (from the scale of the microscopic to the macroscopic), and how an interior condition responds to the pressure of an exterior condition. Appropriated from nature through a process of biomimicry the behaviour of soap film and soap-bubbles has been broadly used to test speculative design schemes and also to generate new digital techniques and technologies. I propose to liberate the thought-figure of the soap-bubble from this set of technical studies and applications in order to extend an understanding of how it can be used to frame atmospheric ecologies, especially after the manner in which soap-bubbles cluster and froth. Ecology here must be understood in an expanded sense that encompasses not just naturally occurring systems, championed by special interest groups that fight for a specific environmental niche, but also subjective and social ecologies, and how these different systems remain profoundly intertwined. I draw on the work of Peter Sloterdijk, Jakob Von Uexküll, and also Gregory Bateson to offer other visions of what an atmospheric ecology might be, and how it can offer us more open definitions of the interiors in which we need to find a way to survive.
Enhancement of Critical and Analytical Thinking in the Context of Interior Design History
Authors: Ahn Kyuho , Kang Mihyun
Published: December 2019

Through this study, a pedagogical case study was developed, implemented, and disseminated in which students applied interior design historical contexts to a studio project based on Beecher’s design history education framework suggesting that design history should be taught to engage students in critical and analytical thinking and to integrate the knowledge gained into current design applications.1 Students were asked to develop an exhibition design installation(Application) as a team project based on the team’s analysis of a design topic or artifact of its choice (Analytical/Critical Thinking) from the existing 1885-1925 exhibition (Accessibility). A focus group study was conducted to investigate students’ perceptions regarding design history while they worked on this project and then to investigate learning outcomes once they had completed it. Intellectual engagement and learning progress were observed in the students; these may have resulted from the integrated application of the material within an actual design problem. Three major learning outcomes: engagement, critical/analytical thinking, and understanding of design history in multidimensional contexts, were observed. Additionally, students experienced positive aspects of design skill learning due to the actual installation of the project. This study provided a comprehensive view of how the students responded to interior design history in their design problems.
Interior Design:
Authors: Taylor Mark
Published: December 2019

This book is another contribution to the growing influence of interior design/interior architecture within ‘architectural’ education and practice. It also contributes to the number of ‘introductory’ publications including Dorothy Stepat-DeVan, Introduction to Interior Design (1980), Stanley Abercrombie, A Philosophy of Interior Design, (1990) and the Basics Interior Architecture series by Graeme Brooker and Sally Stone. Others in this field include Dianna Rowntree, Interior Design (1964), Stanley Abercrombie, a philosophy of Interior Design (1990) and Graeme Brooker and sally stone, what is interior Design? (2010) as well as those that are aimed at equipping the reader on how to establish and run an interior design practice.
Eye Candy:
Authors: Zamberlan Lisa
Published: December 2019

Joseph Holtzman is an interior design practitioner and the former editor-in-chief of the interior design journal nest (26 issues printed from Fall 1997-Winter 2003/2004). Holtzman’s highly embellished interiors readdress prevailing assumptions regarding authenticity and the socio-cultural pleasure of decorated environments.This paper evaluates the private residence of Joseph Holtzman as an interior liberated from traditional concepts of appropriate discretion. By subsuming the perimeter planes and surfaces with voluble expressions of material excess, Holtzman’s residence challenges the understanding of interior design as a mannerly expression of built form. In foregrounding rather than problematising the connotations of artifice and embellishment, Holtzman’s work explores qualities of decoration that provoke, subvert, and renegotiate understandings of propriety in contemporary interior design practice.
Recording the Absent Inside the Maison de Verre
Authors: Cheatle Emma
Published: December 2019

The Maison de Verre (Pierre Chareau) was completed in Paris in 1932 for Dr Jean Dalsace, his wife Annie and their two young children. The front façade, a skin of glass, conceals a family home and a gynaecology clinic. Information on the building’s 1930s inhabitation is missing leaving an archival gap.
Proposition: In 1933 there were two visitors. He attended the weekly Salon gathering. She secretly visited the clinic. They were lovers, the artist Marcel Duchamp and bookbinder Mary Reynolds. Duchamp’s artwork, the Large Glass (1915–23), suggests a glass premonition to their interactions.
The writing or drawing out of a story of possible inhabitation is, in the end, the potential of architecture. In this account, I reconstruct the Maison de Verre’s interior as a history through modes of text and drawing that combine spatial analysis with imagined occupation. New plan drawings with theoretical and fictional text combine images, routes, passages. In the first part, ‘The Glass Look’, the building seems to survey the salon visitor (Marcel), as instances caught in glass. ‘Regarding’ positions Annie Dalsace’s mediating presence, traced into her ambiguous circulations around the upper floors. In the third part, ‘Dust’, I speculate on Mary’s visit. Searching the building as if its housekeeper, I find little to suggest she was there, just the uncertainty of dust particles. In ‘Horizontal Passages’ I follow Mary’s imagined route through the ground floor clinic and trace her body through its remainders, dust particles and smears.
Spatial Fragments, Visual Distortions and Processes of Sense Making
Authors: Knueppel Gabriele
Published: December 2019

A series of conversations between a group of blind and visually impaired participants and myself about non- visual and multi-sensory spatial encounters is used as the ground for discussion in this design research paper. Specific issues examined include the role of the visual, the auditory and the tactile in relation to the human body, movement, memory, sensory landmarks and processes of sense making. Within the participants’ stories of their experiences, spatial and temporal interiors emerge that are mostly based on non-visual encounters with architectural environments, yet may evoke visual imagery in the reader. Their accounts inspire a consideration of new ways of thinking about interior architectural practice and the tools and techniques used in the design process. Writing and drawing are positioned as important methods for exploring, presenting and designing multi-sensory interiors. The main questions investigated are how to communicate qualities of spatial environments that are encountered and remembered in non-visual ways in the context of interior architecture and how such accounts are capable of inspiring interior architects to think about their practice differently and therefore create new knowledge for the discipline.
Relational drawing as agency:
Authors: Muller Karamia
Published: December 2019

Se’i motu le pa ‘a ‘ua iloa
‘May the pearl shell fish-hook never be lost before it has been shown to others.?He who has a fine-hook should not nervously hide it, but allow others to see it and admire it; else he could not proclaim its eventual loss.’ 1 Samoan Proverb
This paper will discuss how drawing production has enabled experimentation into and critique of conventional spatial representational systems from a Samoan cultural perspective. It considers how relational documentation can be used to advance a spatial design practice concerned with interrogating indgenised agency. To introduce this paper the Samoan proverb ‘se’i motu le pa ‘a ‘ua iloa’ is used. Within Samoan culture the proverb suggests that ‘it is mean to hide one’s possessions’ so that they may not be shared. 2 Indeed, the display of possessions informs the function of relational drawing practice, which ‘displays’ the Samoan diaspora’s attitude to their material culture. It is proposed that Samoan value systems underpin contemporary Samoan approaches to their tangible and intangible culture and that these values challenge contemporary Western conventions. This paper proposes that a paradigmatic shift, from the formal to the relational, needs to occur in order to appreciate Samoan buildings and their interiors. Relational drawing practices are employed to analyse the ancillary architecture utilised by Samoans living in Aotearoa New Zealand. Relational drawing is presented as agency for Samoan research and studio practice, enabling the display, through depiction, of Samoan diaspora’s cultural values as they are played out in daily life and manifested in domestic architecture.
Sensing the night between us
Authors: Pint Kris
Published: December 2019

It is remarkable that in fundamental and inspiring texts about the experience of the interior, the perspective is often that of a solitary dweller, as in in Bachelard’s The Poetics of Space (1958) or Tanizaki’s In Praise of Shadows (1933). However compelling their accounts are, they run the risk of forgetting the kind of spatial encounters that disrupt the distinction between one body and another, between the self and its environment.
This article considers the erotic effect of the night-time as a metaphor for understanding and exploring (interior) space. By using the works of Lakoff and Johnson, Handelman, and Kristeva as a constructed theoretical framework, the article sketches the outlines of a phenomenology of darkness, a skotology, that allows us to explore ‘dark space,’ a conceptualisation of space that confronts us with other subjective modes of perception, sensation, and cognition.
We will follow the wanderings of an amorous Walter Benjamin through different ‘dark spaces’ in Capri, Berlin, Moscow, and of course Paris. Benjamin’s sensual writing about these intimate spaces provides us with some key elements of a possible skotology of space: a subjective process of gaining knowledge, based on a fusion with some of the bodies, spaces and cultural intertexts that surround us, a form of spatial research that also takes into account fictionality and non-linear temporality as important aspects of the experience of dark space.
‘Wears not everything that inspires us the color of the Night?’ Novalis, Hymns to the Night (1800)
TMESIS:
Authors: Blindell Paul , Skyes Penny
Published: December 2019

The exploration of our environment at physical and perceptual levels creates emergent and transcendent experiences; occupied territories that transform ideas into experiences. TMESIS (the separation of the elements of a compound word by the interposition of another, e.g. abso-bloody-lutely) operates as a language statement for the study of existing and proposed interventions within and beyond the spatial environment. Derived from the Greek temnein [to cut], TMESIS requires both a compound structure (absolutely) and an interposed fragment (bloody) to form a relationship, which places greater emphasis on the original meaning. It creates an enhanced and accentuated reading of the compound/intervention relationship. Wrestled free from these literary relationships, TMESIS is here expanded into a wider spatial context, developing a new methodology for the reading of compound architectures, interior interventions and their enhanced relationships. It provides new opportunities to understand the inherent dialogues and enhanced meanings that emerge through the intervention and subversion of existing territories. TMESIS is explored at three key levels, and introduces Heidegger’s ‘tool-analysis’ as a theoretical construct within which to examine spatial relationships. Through a series of case study examinations, the evaluation of insertion and intervention projects may begin to uncover and re-describe emergent entities and new design perspectives. The first section explores the principles of TMESIS and tool-being with reference to inserted and interposed environments within an existing (architectural) fabric: a descriptive device, which explores the primary concerns of differentiation. The second section will explore TMESIS as a subversion of the existing occupied space and suggest the political and strategic potential of this view within current global and architectural design contexts. The third and final section will propose that current and future experiences and memories can act as a TMESIS within the existing environment: that architecture and design operate as interventions and subversions of the existing paradigm.
Modelling the Interior:
Authors: Araujo Ana , Spankie Ro
Published: December 2019

Unlike the architecture that contains it, the domestic interior is not a solid entity, nor is it empty space. Rather, it is a fluid mobile field, filled with the detail of everyday life. Organic and self-organising by nature, the interior provides an enigmatic site for design research and innovation.
One of the problems facing the designer in discussing the domestic interior is the inability to represent it in three dimensions. What is needed is a modelling tool that shifts the focus from form to function, from whole to the fragment, from walls to wallpaper. This paper proposes to retrieve the doll’s house from the toy cupboard and re-examine it as a potential ‘modelling tool’ for interpreting and fabricating the domestic interior. Using a series of case-studies, we propose to use the doll’s house, firstly, as a critical tool to analyse the possible role of the model in the interior. Secondly, we propose to look at ways that the fabrication of a doll’s house might engage the student or designer in a process of making that is comparable to the practice of interior design.
Until I see your dream in dark skies
Authors: Roes Remco , Snowdon Peter
Published: December 2019

This visual essay and accompanying text explores the work of the Belgian assemblage artist Camiel Van Breedam through a series of dialogues: between Van Breedam’s personal archive of waste material, and the works that he has shaped out of it; through the very different works that Remco Roes has himself made using that same archive; through the relationship between the two-dimensional images that make up the visual essay, and the complex three-dimensional spaces they seek both to articulate and to conceal; and through the ensuing conversation between Roes and Peter Snowdon, which itself simultaneously explicates, complicates, revises and evades the visual modes of knowledge developed by the images. In this dialogue, it is suggested that none of these spaces – whether tactile, visual or verbal – can exist apart from the particular bodies that engage them as their “sole locus of reference,”and that the dark space where the raw, fragmentary material is collected and conserved is never exhausted by the emergent work, but persists and insists as its ground and its condition. The result is not a commentary or an analysis, in images or in words, but a form of resonance between interiority as a sensory practice, and the exposed surfaces of the always-provisional artistic work.
Following a line ... she collapses onto the gleaning table
Authors: Walker Linda Marie , Geissler Michael
Published: December 2019

This paper, titled ‘Following a line ... she collapses onto the gleaning table’, looks at the relationships between writing and drawing. In particular it looks at a creative-making practice that is based on the gathering of ‘remains’, on the bits and pieces left-over, and brings to mind studio teaching, where the scraps of thinking and noting and sketching are often discarded (and thrown-away). In the paper, drawing and writing are considered to
be ‘graphic events’. Agnes Varda’s film The Gleaners and I is referred to, as are writings by Jacques Derrida, He?le?ne Cixous, Gilles Deleuze, Clarice Lispector, Octavia Paz and Gregory Ulmer. Marcel Duchamp’s Large Glass also plays a part. Fragment-images from an eight-metre long drawing by Michael Geissler (Louis Laybourne Smith School of Architecture & Design), that took its starting point from ‘scraps’ left in a studio, accompany this paper. These non- representational images form a parallel text; the image-text and the writing-text together are a made-work.
Introduction
Authors: Attwill Suzie , Lee Gini
Published: December 2019

The symposium INSIDEOUT was held in Melbourne Australia from 22 to 24 April 2005. Its focus was to encourage new thinking, research and teaching between interior and landscape discourse and practice. Papers by national and international academics, practitioners and postgraduate students in the disciplines of interior design, landscape architecture, art and design were presented and published in this issue of IDEA Journal. All papers – except the invited papers by Elizabeth Grosz and Ross Gibson – have been refereed in accordance with the IDEA Journal refereeing process. The symposium was supported by IDEA (Interior Design/Interior Architecture Educators Association), RMIT School of Architecture and Design, The Australian Institute of Landscape Architects, the Louis Laybourne Smith School of Architecture and Design at the University of South Australia, and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne. In keeping with the concept of bringing two sides together – insides and outsides – this introduction is composed of two views.
From the void, the night
Authors: Archer-Martin Jen , Munnelly Lisa
Published: December 2019

From the void, the night presents an unfolding encounter via a series of letters between two artist/designer/academics as they explore symbioses between their practices and thinking. The correspondence traverses topics that resonate with ideas of darkness, light, time, space, and sensation. Confronting spatial and epistemological boundaries, it begins to carve out a space of practice that embraces dark knowledge, material agency, and the unknown. The conversation begins with the discovery of an already-existing dialogue between bodies of work and thought stretching back to 2003-4, when, in separate efforts to transcend binary oppositions of figure/ground, inside/outside, nothingness/everything, two women made drawings on walls. 1 Unknown to one another at the time, both researchers were employing similar strategies to explore the embodied spatio-temporal performances of drawing and inhabitation – rhythm, repetition, sensation, and the field. These wall-drawings and the texts that accompanied them set up divergent practices that converged again in early 2017 at the Performing, Writing symposium. 2 Here, both undertook performance works 3 that employed drawing-as-writing, and sought to capture the spatial, temporal, material and affective unfoldings of durational practices. While the two works took very different forms, they shared parallel methods, establishing simple parameters for embracing the unknown of live practice.
The six letters of the enclosed drawing-writing correspondence look to further this encounter, and explore how the two practices might rub against one another, approaching Tony Godfrey’s definition of a ‘drawing’ as ‘two objects or materials touch[ing] and evidence of their meeting [being] left behind.’ 4 The form of a ‘letter’ was taken loosely, considered as an assemblage that might contain writing, images, and other materials – a mode of ‘letter-writing’ that sits somewhere between writing, drawing and performance. Written over the course of two weeks in which they were the only form of communication between the pair, the letters are the raw product of an intensive creative exchange. While the authors are colleagues at the same College of Creative Arts, the correspondence presents a genuine temporal journey of getting to know one another’s creative thinking process, carving out a dynamic space of speculation about future practice. They reveal this process to be embodied and situated, with references to cultural events and indigenous understandings particular to Aotearoa New Zealand being entangled in the process of thinking-in-place. Intentionally presented here in their unrefined state, the letters are themselves a statement about resisting the pull of the light (of light-as-clarity). They are not writing-as-explanation but writing-as-drawing; a live material process of thinking-through and drawing-out. Gleefully inhabiting the dark space of not-knowing, they remain a dark, cloudy, lively mass of potential energy and material.
Interiors in the Land of the Great Outdoors
Authors: Kebbel Sam
Published: December 2019

In the context of an expanding economy around the so-called creative industries, many cities are searching for theoretical models to guide urban development. Theoretical models from early post-modernists are being regularly re-examined, in part, because of their relevance to models for the contemporary city. This paper investigates situationist theory as a lens through which to explore alternative pockets of culture. Using situationist theory as a lens to observe the culture of the New Zealand bach, or the myth that it left behind, this paper exposes the paradox of bach culture as an urban model: the paradox of institutionalising a creative culture of resistance and of escaping the city only to find oneself at its centre.
The Aural Eye
Authors: Harvey Lawrence
Published: December 2019

Human aural experience can be equally considered along spatial and temporal continuums. We hear at all times of the day and night, and within all places and spaces: built, natural, public, private and virtual. The territory – both physical and philosophical – between music composition for interior listening and traditional sound based research within environmental acoustics is gradually being occupied by the listener-centred approach of soundscape studies. Soundscape design is emerging as an interdisciplinary field within design education, and one that not only challenges the ocular-centric nature of most design education, but one that could provide a useful mode through which to investigate the coincidences between different design disciplines.
This paper draws on the author’s own practice as a sound designer in a variety of spatial sound projects in built and virtual contexts to discuss ideas of landscape, interiority, space and place as experienced through listening. This will include aspects of Canopies: chimerical acoustic environments for the Southgate soundscape system, Ecstasis: human presence in digital environments for an interactive VR system and stereoscopic projections, and The Occupation of Space: Soundsites project with the Melbourne blind community.2
The ideas and technologies underpinning these projects also form the basis of a new pedagogy of sound and listening housed in the Spatial Information Architecture Laboratory’s (SIAL) Sound Studios at RMIT University. The place and role of the Sound Studio’s program in providing an aural perspective that compliments the visual methodologies of co-located design disciplines is discussed.
Navigating the Labyrinthine
Authors: Vaughan Laurene
Published: December 2019

This paper presents research undertaken which explored the experience of creative practice by creative practitioners. I was particularly interested to gain some understanding of how people engaged with the space of creative practice, identified as ‘the studio’, and within the project articulated as the labyrinth. A key outcome of the research was the discovery that the space of the studio could be articulated as practised place (de Certeau, 1984) and that engaging with this is a process of navigating the labyrinthine.