bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instance type completion in equipment knowledge graph based on translation model
Authors: Miao Lin , Wu Yu , Yang Qimin
Published: June 2024

Knowledge graph completion is one of the steps of knowledge graph construction. It aims to complete the incomplete triple data in the initially constructed knowledge graph and make the data in the knowledge graph more abundant and complete. At present, there are few studies on knowledge graph completion in the equipment field, and the attribute and relationship samples in the equipment knowledge graph are prone to uneven distribution, while the traditional knowledge graph completion method is difficult to solve the problem of uneven distribution of attribute and relationship samples. Therefore, this paper proposes an internal instance type completion method of equipment knowledge graph based on EP2TP-TRT. First, the TransE model is used to embed the relationship and attributes of the equipment instance, respectively. Then, the EP2TP model is used to map the instance attributes, and the TRT model is used to map the type relationship. Finally, the scores of the EP2TP and TRT models are integrated by designing different weights, and the training prediction is carried out to enhance the representation ability of instance information and type information. Compared with the mainstream advanced models, this method improves the MRR and HITS @ 1 indicators by about 0.89% and 2.1%, respectively.
The change of the domain wall shape under the ion beam irradiation in lithium niobate
Authors: Pashnina Elena , Slautina Alla , Akhmatkhanov Andrey , Chuvakova Maria , Shur Vladimir
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we present the study of the shape change on the polar surface and in the bulk of the walls of lamellar domains as a result of local switching by focused ion beam. Periodical lamellar domain structures (PDS) are created alternatively by two methods: (i) electric-field poling using photolithographically defined electrodes and (ii) ion beam poling. The dot irradiation of Z[Formula: see text] areas near the walls of lamellar domains leads to the formation of faceted or rounded hexagonal domains. For e-field PDS additional formation of nanodomain ensembles was observed. We have revealed two types of domain wall shape changes induced by irradiation: (1) merging of the hexagonal domain with the domain wall for Z[Formula: see text] areas; (2) formation of rounded distortion of the domain wall for Z− areas. For Z[Formula: see text] areas irradiation, the domain wall distortion was described by a simple model of independent growth of isolated domain with its subsequent merging with a static domain wall. For Z− surface irradiation, the domain wall shift increases linearly with the distance between the irradiation dot and the wall. It was revealed that the merging between the growing hexagonal pyramid domain and lamellar domain can be obtained in the bulk even for absence of merging at the surface. All obtained results have been explained within a kinetic approach to the domain wall motion by step generation. The switching field consists of inputs produced by: (i) the charges injected during dot irradiation into the photoresist layer and crystal bulk, (ii) the charges injected during the creation of i-beam PDS, (iii) the depolarization fields. The transition of the shapes of isolated domains and wall distortions from faceted to rounded ones with field increase was attributed to the transition from determined step generation to stochastic one.
Mean left-right eigenvector self-overlap in the real Ginibre ensemble
Authors: Würfel T. R. , Crumpton M. J. , Fyodorov Y. V.
Published: June 2024

We study analytically the Chalker–Mehlig mean diagonal overlap [Formula: see text] between left and right eigenvectors associated with a complex eigenvalue [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] matrices in the real Ginibre ensemble (GinOE). We first derive a general finite [Formula: see text] expression for the mean overlap and then investigate several scaling regimes in the limit [Formula: see text]. While in the generic spectral bulk and edge of the GinOE the limiting expressions for [Formula: see text] are found to coincide with the known results for the complex Ginibre ensemble (GinUE), in the region of eigenvalue depletion close to the real axis the asymptotic for the GinOE is considerably different. We also study numerically the distribution of diagonal overlaps and conjecture that it is the same in the bulk and at the edge of both the GinOE and GinUE, but essentially different in the depletion region of the GinOE.
Random Forests Regression and Rescoring Strategy for Identifying Inhibitors of Ubiquitin Specific Protease-7
Authors: Elhadi Ahmed , Li Shujing , Zheng Yang , Zhong Shijun
Published: June 2024

Ubiquitin-specific protease-7 (USP7) is a potential target for cancer therapy. In this work, the evaluation and design of USP7 inhibitors are conducted employing a comprehensive computational approach. Initially, a large database of compounds undergoes preliminary screening via similarity and pharmacophore analyses. Subsequently, a secondary selection process is executed based on both quantitative structure–activity relationship modeling and molecular docking. The final selection is refined through rescoring treatments via consensus scores and MM/GBSA binding free energy. A total of 138 experimental USP7 inhibitors were collected for the construction of random forest regression models using four different feature selection methods. 17 top experimentally active inhibitors were used as models in similarity searching, and eight representative USP7-ligand binding models were used in pharmacophore screening, performed over a database of 14 million compounds. The rescoring approach applied in this study offers an alternative and beneficial method for the ranking and selection of desired molecules. Based on the molecular scaffolds of the highly active inhibitors, some new derivatives have been designed and received high predicted scores for inhibition.
ViRgilites: Multilevel Feedforward for Multimodal Interaction in VR
Authors: Artizzu Valentino , Luyten Kris , Ruiz Gustavo Rovelo , Spano Lucio Davide
Published: June 2024

Navigating the interaction landscape of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) presents significant complexities due to the plethora of available input hardware and interaction modalities, compounded by spatially diverse visual interfaces. Such complexities elevate the likelihood of user errors, necessitating frequent backtracking. To address this, we introduce ViRgilites, a virtual guidance framework that delivers multi-level feedforward information covering the available interaction techniques as well as the future possibilities to interact with virtual objects, anticipating the interaction effects and how they fit with the overall user's goal. ViRgilites is engineered to facilitate task execution, empowering users to make informed decisions about action methodologies and alternative courses of action. This paper presents the architecture and functionality of ViRgilites and demonstrates its efficacy through evaluation with a formative user study.
Extending Jupyter with Multi-Paradigm Editors
Authors: Weber Thomas , Ehe Janina , Mayer Sven
Published: June 2024

Computational notebooks like the Jupyter programming environment have been popular, particularly for developing data-driven applications. One of its main benefits is that it easily supports different programming languages with exchangeable kernels. Thus, it makes the user interface of computational notebooks broadly accessible. While their literate programming paradigm has advantages, we can use this infrastructure to make other paradigms similarly easily and broadly accessible to developers. In our work, we demonstrate how the Jupyter infrastructure can be utilized with different interfaces for different programming paradigms, enabling even greater flexibility for programmers and making it easier for them to adopt different paradigms when they are most suitable. We present a prototype that adds graphical programming and a multi-paradigm editor on top of the Jupyter system. The multi-paradigm editor seamlessly combines the added graphical programming with the familiar notebook interface side-by-side, which can further help developers switch between programming paradigms when desired. A subsequent user evaluation demonstrates the benefits not only of alternate interfaces and paradigms but also of the flexibility of seamlessly switching between them. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges in implementing these systems and how these can enhance the software development process in the future.
A Systematic Process to Engineer Dependable Integration of Frame-based Input Devices in a Multimodal Input Chain: Application to Rehabilitation in Healthcare
Authors: Carayon Axel , Martinie Célia , Palanque Philippe , Barboni Eric , Steere Sandra
Published: June 2024

Designing new input devices and associated interaction techniques is a key contribution in order to increase the bandwidth between users and interactive applications. In the field of Human-Computer Interaction, research and development services in industry and research laboratories in universities have been, since the invention of the mouse and the graphical user interface, proposing multiple contributions including the integration of multiple input devices in multimodal interaction technique. Those contributions, most of the time, are presented as prototypes or demonstrators providing evidence of the bandwidth increase through user studies. Such contributions however, do not provide any support to software developers for integrating them in real-life systems. When done, this integration is performed in a craft manner, outside required software engineering good practice. This paper proposes a systematic process to integrate novel input devices and associated interaction techniques to better support users' work. It exploits most recent interactive systems architectural model and formal model-based approaches for interactive systems supporting verification and validation when required. The paper focusses on Frame-based input devices which support gesture-based interactions and movements recognition but also addresses their multimodal use. This engineering approach is demonstrated on an interactive application in the area of rehabilitation in healthcare where dependability of interactions and applications is as critical as their usability.
Development and Usability Evaluation of Transitional Cross-Reality Interfaces
Authors: Schmidt Leonard , Yigitbas Enes
Published: June 2024

The concept of Transitional Cross-Reality Interfaces where a user can seamlessly transition across the Reality-Virtuality-Continuum dates back to the introduction of the Magic Book in 2001 but recently gained new research momentum since head-mounted displays advanced by combining the former distinctive concepts of augmented reality and virtual reality into a single device. New technological capabilities require new ways of developing applications to satisfy user requirements. Especially in the context of operating in multiple realities, developing AR/VR applications is not a trivial task. In this context, the development of Transitional Cross-Reality Interfaces remains a complex engineering problem that requires specific methods, concepts, and tools. To address this problem and provide a systematic development approach, we propose a conceptual framework for both developing and evaluating Transitional Cross-Reality Interfaces. To evaluate our solution, we implemented a Transitional Cross-Reality Interface based on our framework and evaluated it with both the measurements provided by the framework and additional questionnaires. We found high usability and interesting transitional behavior of users indicating the usefulness of the proposed framework as an underlying software architecture for Transitional Cross-Reality Interfaces.
Phylogenetic Insights into Diversification
Authors: Morlon Hélène , Andréoletti Jérémy , Barido-Sottani Joëlle , Lambert Sophia , Perez-Lamarque Benoît , Quintero Ignacio , Senderov Viktor , Veron Pierre
Published: June 2024

Species diversification—the balance between speciation and extinction—is fundamental to our understanding of how species richness varies in space and time and throughout the Tree of Life. Phylogenetic approaches provide insights into species diversification by enabling support for alternative diversification scenarios to be compared and speciation and extinction rates to be estimated. Here, we review the current toolkit available for conducting such analyses. We first highlight how modeling efforts over the past decade have fostered a notable transition from overly simplistic evolutionary scenarios to a more nuanced understanding of how and why diversification rates vary through time and across lineages. Using the latitudinal diversity gradient as a case study, we then illustrate the impact that modeling choices can have on the results obtained. Finally, we review recent progress in two areas that are still lagging behind: phylogenetic insights into microbial diversification and the speciation process.
A Critical Review of the Common Ownership Literature
Authors: Gerardi Kristopher , Lowry Michelle , Schenone Carola
Published: June 2024

The rapid growth in index funds and significant consolidation in the asset-management industry over the past few decades has led to higher levels of common ownership and increased attention on the topic by academic researchers. A consensus has yet to emerge from the literature regarding the consequences of increased common ownership on firm behavior and market outcomes. Given the potential implications for firms and investors alike, it is perhaps not surprising that policy makers, legal scholars, finance and accounting academics, and practitioners have all taken a keen interest in the subject. In this article, we provide an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of common ownership and critically review the empirical literature. Measurement issues and identification challenges are detailed, and a discussion of plausible causal mechanisms is provided. Across the newest papers employing the most credible identification techniques, relatively little evidence has been found that common ownership causes lower competition. However, further research is necessary before broad conclusions can be reached.
Reports From the Frontier: The Need for a Better Understanding of Passive Films
Authors: Choudhary Sanjay , Cushing Scott
Published: June 2024

This feature is intended to let ECS award-winning students and post-docs write primary author perspectives on their field, their work, and where they believe things are going. This month we highlight the work of Sanjay Choudhary, the 2023 winner of the Corrosion Division’s Morris Cohen Graduate Student Award.
Engineering Electrodeposition for Next-generation Batteries
Authors: Fuller Stephen T. , Huang Yonglin , Wu Ruixin , Han Fudong , Kent Zheng J. X. , Vasiljevic Natasa
Published: June 2024

The redox reaction has been utilized since ancient times. This utilization is due, in part, to the simplicity of the reaction and the ubiquity of the materials involved. Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest from the battery research community in the development of metal anodes that rely solely on this type of simple metal redox reaction, also known as the plating/stripping or, interchangeably, the deposition/dissolution reaction in the electrochemistry context. The metal anodes feature simple redox chemistry by design and remarkably improved energy density. Metal electrodes of this kind, especially Li, have been dubbed the “Holy Grail” for battery anodes.
Electrochemically Induced Deposition (ECiD): A Versatile Method that Greatly Extends the Portfolio of Surface Coatings and Materials Fabricated by Electrochemical Deposition
Authors: Patnaik Sai Gourang , Vanheusden Genis , Saleh Ali Amir , Vereecken Philippe
Published: June 2024

Electrochemically induced deposition or ECiD can be defined as the deposition of compound films on a surface, as the result of chemical reactions in the near surface region between a precursor present in the bulk solution and an electrochemically generated precursor, mediator, or catalyst near that surface. The ECiD process has evolved from an odd curiosity into a thriving new branch in electrodeposition science. The library of materials synthesized by ECiD has been greatly expanded, along with the number of precipitation triggering knobs or tricks. Together with the breadth of possibilities and applications, the science behind the process has also accelerated. This article introduces the principle of the ECiD process for the electrodeposition of oxides, hydroxides, and compounds such as metal phosphates and metal-organic frameworks. The article discusses the mechanisms of these electrochemically induced deposition reactions as well as the pro-bases used to trigger the deposition.
Electrochemically Induced Templated Sol-gel Deposition of Mesoporous Silica and Nanocomposites: The New Kid on the ECiD Block
Authors: Vanheusden Genis , Vereecken Philippe
Published: June 2024

A relatively new member of the group of electrochemically induced deposition is that of templated sol-gel deposition. Uniform and smooth mesoporous silica thin films were first fabricated by an ECiD process nicknamed electrochemically assisted self-assembly or EASA, introduced by Walcarius et al. The addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide or CTAB as organic template molecules to the tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) sol-gel precursor solution resulted in silica thin films with highly ordered, hexagonal arrays of vertical mesopores of 2–3 nm in diameter. These films have been proposed for applications in electroanalysis and sensors where effects such as pre-concentration or perm selectivity have been exploited. Their synthesis combines the well-established field of templated sol-gel synthesis with an electrochemically induced deposition process. To prevent spontaneous gel formation, the silica sol-gel precursor solution has a mildly acidic pH which kinetically inhibits the gelation reaction. Only when a cathodic potential/current is applied to electrogenerate OH- ions from the pro-base (water mostly), the gelation reaction is catalyzed by the local increase in pH, resulting in the growth of silica gel films on the electrode. We will first review the principles of sol-gel reactions, before proceeding to details of ECiD of sol-gel films.
Mechanisms of heart failure and chronic kidney disease protection by SGLT2 inhibitors in nondiabetic conditions
Authors: Girardi Adriana C. C. , Polidoro Juliano Z. , Castro Paulo C. , Pio-Abreu Andrea , Noronha Irene L. , Drager Luciano F.
Published: June 2024

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), initially developed for type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment, have demonstrated significant cardiovascular and renal benefits in heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), irrespective of T2D. This review provides an analysis of the multifaceted mechanisms underlying the cardiorenal benefits of SGLT2i in HF and CKD outside of the T2D context. Eight major aspects of the protective effects of SGLT2i beyond glycemic control are explored: 1) the impact on renal hemodynamics and tubuloglomerular feedback; 2) the natriuretic effects via proximal tubule Na+/H+ exchanger NHE3 inhibition; 3) the modulation of neurohumoral pathways with evidence of attenuated sympathetic activity; 4) the impact on erythropoiesis, not only in the context of local hypoxia but also systemic inflammation and iron regulation; 5) the uricosuria and mitigation of the hyperuricemic environment in cardiorenal syndromes; 6) the multiorgan metabolic reprogramming including the potential induction of a fasting-like state, improvement in glucose and insulin tolerance, and stimulation of lipolysis and ketogenesis; 7) the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) upregulation and angiogenesis, and 8) the direct cardiac effects. The intricate interplay between renal, neurohumoral, metabolic, and cardiac effects underscores the complexity of SGLT2i actions and provides valuable insights into their therapeutic implications for HF and CKD. Furthermore, this review sets the stage for future research to evaluate the individual contributions of these mechanisms in diverse clinical settings.
Knockout of Hsp70 genes significantly affects locomotion speed and gene expression in leg skeletal muscles of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Makhnovskii Pavel A. , Kukushkina Inna V. , Kurochkina Nadia S. , Popov Daniil V.
Published: June 2024

Knockout of six heat shock protein 70 ( Hsp70) genes in Drosophila melanogaster reduced locomotion (climbing) speed that is associated with genotype-specific differences in leg skeletal muscle gene expression. Disrupted adaptation of Hsp70− flies to chronic exercise training is associated with impaired gene response to a single exercise bout.
Ketamine Therapy in Complex Cases: A Cautionary Tale of Exacerbated Personality Traits and the Crucial Role of Comprehensive Follow‐Up and Psychosocial Interventions
Authors: Ahuja Jai , Leontieva Luba
Published: June 2024

This case report examines the unexpected increase in suicidal ideation following ketamine infusion therapy in a 75‐year‐old female with a history of treatment‐resistant depression. Despite ketamine’s established efficacy in treating depression and acute suicidality, this patient’s condition deteriorated posttreatment. The report delves into the patient’s complex background, including psychosocial stressors, genetic predisposition to depression, and a history of personality traits that may have influenced her response to ketamine. This case underscores the importance of cautious administration of ketamine, especially in patients with personality disorders, and calls for deeper understanding and individualized treatment plans in mental health care. It is a reminder of the complexities involved in treating mental health conditions and the varying effects of treatments like ketamine on different individuals.
Positivity and Stability of Caputo Fractional Order Gene Regulatory Networks: The System Comparison Method
Authors: Wu Cong
Published: June 2024

As well known, the positivity is an essential topic when studying gene regulatory networks since the variables involved, e.g., the concentrations of mRNA and proteins, can never be negative. However, the positivity of Caputo fractional order models has been a longstanding problem due to the nonlocality of Caputo fractional derivatives (CFD). In this paper, we present the system comparison method to prove the positivity of Caputo fractional order gene regulatory networks (CFOGRNs) only under positive initial conditions. Moreover, it is found that the positivity results can make it feasible to give proper comparison systems for CFOGRNs, in which the upper and lower estimations can be used to guarantee the stability of the objective CFOGRNs. Thus, the system comparison method for the stability of CFOGRNs is also provided here. Compared to the existing Lyapunov direct method, the proposed system comparison method affords an alternative method for stability analysis and different insights in stability conditions. Finally, these theoretical derivations are illustrated and validated by an example with numerical simulations.
Fine Morphological Study of the Myrmecina graminicola (Latreille, 1802) Male, With First Description of External Genitalia in the Genus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmecinae)
Authors: Cantone Stefano , Riccieri Alessandra , Di Giulio Andrea
Published: June 2024

The genus Myrmecina was described basing on males of M. graminicola. Though representing the caste type, males were sufficiently described in only two out of 105 species known in the genus. However, the morphology of the male external genitalia remained undescribed. Re‐examining by SEM the male of M. graminicola, we describe and illustrate in detail for the first time the external genitalia, redefining and updating the morphological male diagnosis of the genus. We also analyze the overall morphology, illustrating additional peculiar characters of this species as follows: (i) a very distinctive stipital groove in the dorsolateral stipes; (ii) a developed uncinate‐shaped mesoscutellar arm; (iii) the antennal cleaning; and (iv) the absence of meso‐ and metatibial spurs. This morphological study will be useful as a base for further morphological descriptions of the males in other species of the same genus to support correct taxonomic identifications.
Predicting Screening Efficiency of Probability Screens Using KPCA‐GRNN with WP‐EE Feature Reconstruction
Authors: Chen Qingtang , Huang Yijian
Published: June 2024

The screening system is a nonlinear and non‐Gaussian complex system. To better characterize its attributes and improve the prediction accuracy of screening efficiency, this study involves the acquisition of the vibration signals and screening efficiency data under various operational conditions. Subsequently, empirical mode decomposition energy entropy (EMD‐EE), variational mode decomposition energy entropy (VMD‐EE), and wavelet packet energy entropy (WP‐EE) features are extracted from the time series vibration signals, and three single input energy entropy‐generalized regressive neural network (GRNN) prediction accuracy models are established and compared. Furthermore, we introduce the kernel principal component analysis (KPCA)‐WP‐EE feature reconstruction‐GRNN prediction algorithm. This approach involves reconstructing the feature vector by optimizing WP‐EE‐GRNN prediction under varying parameters. The parameterized GRNN model is then predicted and analyzed through secondary reconstruction involving KPCA dimensionality reduction features. The results show that WP‐EE‐GRNN achieves superior prediction accuracy compared to box dimension (d)‐GRNN, box dimension‐back propagation neural network (BPNN), and d‐weighted least squares support vector machine, WP‐d‐GRNN, WP‐EE‐BPNN, EMD‐EE‐GRNN, and VMD‐EE‐GRNN. Additionally, the WP‐EE feature reconstruction‐GRNN algorithm exhibits higher prediction accuracy than the single‐input WP‐EE‐GRNN algorithm. The WP‐EE‐GRNN prediction algorithm using KPCA dimensionality reduction and secondary reconstruction not only achieves higher prediction accuracy than prior to KPCA dimensionality reduction but also improves prediction efficiency. Following the extraction of two core principal components, model parameters when KPCA’s σ2 = 0.85, the optimal parameter of GRNN model Spread = 0.051, and the optimal number of training samples N = 19, the average prediction error is 1.434%, the minimum prediction error reaching 0.708%, the minimum root mean square error reaching 0.836% and Pearson correlation coefficient marking the closest to 1, these result all representing the optimum achievable values. The budget model selects the optimal parameter combination scheme for the system.
Assessment of Factors Affecting the Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Measures in the Construction Industry in Somaliland
Authors: Abdi Mohamed A. , Hareru Werku Koshe
Published: June 2024

Purpose. The success of construction projects heavily depends on the occupational health and safety (OHS) of the workers. In Somaliland, however, this is not given much consideration. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the factors affecting the implementation of OHS measures on building construction projects (BCPs) in Somaliland. Design/Methodology/Approach. A cross‐sectional research design was employed and 80 questionnaires were distributed to the intended respondents as part of the descriptive survey study, which used a census to determine that the total population was equal to the accessible population. Additionally, data were gathered through observations and interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using frequency analysis and relative importance index, while qualitative data from interviews and observation were explored through narrative analysis. Findings. The majority of the construction industries do not use Occupational Health Safety Assessment Series 45001 to increase safety performance since the relevant laws are not enforced. The study also found that the construction companies did not consider the factors influencing the implementation of OHS: unavailability of personal protective equipment, lack of local guidelines on the standard procedure of OHS, limited expertise, and insufficient historical data availability are the main challenges on the implementation of OHS measures on BCPs in Somaliland. Originality/Value. The study concludes that the implementation of the current stage of OHS in construction industries in Somaliland is 2.5%, which shows very poor and the safety management system was not developed; there were challenging factors to implement this OHS in construction industries in Somaliland. The researchers make several recommendations, including increased OHS awareness, training and retraining of construction employees on OHS, and enforcing the use of protective safety wear and equipment on building sites.
Statistical Inference for Heavy‐Tailed Burr X Distribution with Applications
Authors: Kayid Mohamed , Nagarjuna Vasili B. V. , Elgarhy Mohammed
Published: June 2024

In this article, we present a new distribution, the so‐called heavy‐tailed Burr X (HTBX) distribution. It comes from the newly discovered heavy‐tailed (HT) family of distributions. A notable feature is that the associated probability density function can have a right‐skewed distribution that approximates symmetry, unimodality, and decreasing values, which makes it well suited for modeling various datasets. The mathematical properties of the new distribution are obtained by calculating the quantile function, ordinary moments, incomplete moments, moment generating function, conditional moment, mean deviation, Bonferroni curve, and Lorenz curve. Extensive simulation was performed to investigate the estimation of the model parameters using many established approaches, including maximum likelihood estimation, least squares estimation, weighted least squares estimation, Cramer–von Mises estimation, Anderson–Darling estimation, maximum product of spacing estimation, and percentile estimation. The simulation results showed the computational efficiency of these strategies and showed that the maximum likelihood strategy of estimation is the best strategy. The utility and importance of the newly proposed model are demonstrated by analyzing three real datasets. The HTBX distribution is compared to several well‐known extensions of the Burr distribution such as exponentiated Kavya‐Manoharan Burr X, Kavya‐Manoharan Burr X, Burr X, Kumaraswamy Rayleigh, Kumaraswamy Burr III, exponentiated Burr III, Burr III, Kumaraswamy Burr‐II, Rayleigh, and HT Rayleigh models by using different measures. The numerical results showed that the HTBX model fit the data better than the other competitive models.
Interaction of α‐Cembrenediol with Human Serum Albumin Based on Spectroscopic and Computational Analyses
Authors: Su Xian-Kun , Sun Zhen-Chun , Zhao Chang-You , Yang Hui , Zhao Tian-Ming , Ma Chao , Zhu Guo-Fei
Published: June 2024

α‐Cembrenediol exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including antibacterial, antitumor, and neuroprotective effects. However, knowledge of the absorption, transport, and release of α‐cembrenediol in drug metabolism within the body is currently limited. Therefore, we aimed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the in vivo transport, distribution, and elimination mechanisms of α‐cembrenediol and investigate the interaction between α‐cembrenediol and HSA. To this end, we utilized various methods including UV absorption spectroscopy, steady‐state fluorescence analysis, circular dichroism measurements, molecular docking studies, and molecular dynamics simulations. The results of the UV and fluorescence spectra clearly demonstrated that HSA interacts with α‐cembrenediol. Specifically, the fluorescence spectra results showed that at a temperature of 310 K, the fluorescence quenching constant (KSV) and binding constant (Kb) between HSA and α‐cembrenediol were determined to be 1.28 × 103 Lmol−1 and 218.27 Lmol−1, respectively. As the temperature was decreased from 310 K to 293 K, both KSV and Kb values increased, indicating the presence of a static quenching mechanism throughout the interaction process. Moreover, the results indicated the presence of a singular, specific binding site for α‐cembrenediol on HSA, as evidenced by an approximate count of one binding site at all three temperatures. Additionally, this binding process occurred spontaneously (ΔG < 0), with van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding as the primary driving forces (ΔH = −9.40 kJmol−1 and ΔS = −14.50 Jmol−1·K−1). The binding of α‐cembrenediol to Sudlow site I of HSA was confirmed through molecular docking, a combination of fluorescence probe substitution, and molecular dynamics simulation experiments. Moreover, the results demonstrated that α‐cembrenediol binding led to alterations in the structural conformation of HSA, as confirmed by three‐dimensional fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectra. This study offers crucial insights into the interaction between α‐cembrenediol and HSA, contributing to an improved understanding of the compound’s pharmacokinetic properties.
Iron-(Fe3+)-Dependent Reactivation of Telomerase Drives Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Shanmugam Raghuvaran , Majee Prativa , Shi Wei , Ozturk Mert B. , Vaiyapuri Thamil S. , Idzham Khaireen , Raju Anandhkumar , Shin Seung H. , Fidan Kerem , Low Joo-Leng , Chua Joelle Y.H. , Kong Yap C. , Qi Ong Y. , Tan Emile , Chok Aik Y. , Seow-En Isaac , Wee Ian , Macalinao Dominique C. , Chong Dawn Q. , Chang Hong Y. , Lee Fiona , Leow Wei Q. , Murata-Hori Maki , Xiaoqian Zhang , Shumei Chia , Tan Chris S.H. , Dasgupta Ramanuj , Tan Iain B. , Tergaonkar Vinay
Published: June 2024

Over-consumption of iron-rich red meat and hereditary or genetic iron overload are associated with an increased risk of colorectal carcinogenesis, yet the mechanistic basis of how metal-mediated signaling leads to oncogenesis remains enigmatic. Using fresh colorectal cancer samples we identify Pirin, an iron sensor, that overcomes a rate-limiting step in oncogenesis, by reactivating the dormant human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) subunit of the telomerase holoenzyme in an iron-(Fe3+)-dependent manner and thereby drives colorectal cancers. Chemical genetic screens combined with isothermal dose-response fingerprinting and mass spectrometry identified a small molecule SP2509 that specifically inhibits Pirin-mediated hTERT reactivation in colorectal cancers by competing with iron-(Fe3+) binding. Our findings, first to document how metal ions reactivate telomerase, provide a molecular mechanism for the well-known association between red meat and increased incidence of colorectal cancers. Small molecules like SP2509 represent a novel modality to target telomerase that acts as a driver of 90% of human cancers and is yet to be targeted in clinic.

Significance: We show how iron-(Fe3+) in collusion with genetic factors reactivates telomerase, providing a molecular mechanism for the association between iron overload and increased incidence of colorectal cancers. Although no enzymatic inhibitors of telomerase have entered the clinic, we identify SP2509, a small molecule that targets telomerase reactivation and function in colorectal cancers.
Lungenembolie-Nachsorge bei COVID-19: ERS-Leitlinien-Algorithmus durch Studienergebnisse gestützt
Authors: Herkenrath Simon-Dominik
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD) consists of persistent pulmonary vascular obstruction on imaging and involves long-term functional limitations, with or without chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of both persistent pulmonary vascular defects and CTEPH after hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 and PE during a 2-year follow-up. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in a tertiary hospital center. Patients were hospitalized between March 2020 and December 2021 with a diagnosis of PE during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients received anticoagulant treatment for at least 3 months and were followed up for 2 years. Between the third and fourth months after discharge, all patients were evaluated for the presence of residual thrombotic defects by CTPA and/or perfusion pulmonary scintigraphy. Clinical findings, lung function tests with DLCO, exercise capacity, and echocardiograms were also assessed. Results: Of the 133 patients included, 18% had persistent thrombotic defects on lung imaging at follow-up. The incidence of CTEPD was 0.75% at 2 years of follow-up. Patients with persistent defects were significantly older, had a higher prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension, higher D-dimer and NT-proBNP levels, and more severe PE at diagnosis. Furthermore, there was a higher prevalence of right ventricular dysfunction on echocardiogram at diagnosis of PE (25.0% vs. 2.7%, p = 0.006). This was the only variable independently related to persistent defects in multivariate analyses (OR: 8.13 [95% CI: 1.82–36.32], p = 0.006). Conclusion: The persistence of thrombotic defects after PE is a common finding after SARS-CoV-2 infection, affecting 18% of the population. However, the incidence of CTEPH appears to be lower (0.75%) in COVID-19-related PE compared to that previously observed in PE unrelated to COVID-19. © 2024 S. Karger AG, Basel
The Appeal to Nature in Cicero's De finibus
Authors: Ward Kelsey
Published: June 2024

When Cicero examines the varied versions of cradle arguments that appear in De finibus, he finds much to criticize. Though he rejects these attempts to discern our proper ethical ends from the earliest inclinations of newborn animals, he nevertheless accepts that human beings should adopt ends for themselves that are consistent with, and perfections of, human nature. I argue that Cicero uses two connected argumentative strategies to create an appeal to nature that overcomes some basic problems he has with the cradle arguments used in Epicureanism, Stoicism, and the Old Academy. The first strategy criticizes the different cradle arguments directly, by which Cicero establishes two negative criteria for any appeal to nature. These criteria indicate what to avoid in arguing for a highest moral end or summum bonum. These criteria eliminate the Epicurean and Stoic cradle arguments, and more subtly criticizes the Antiochian one. As a result, it may seem plausible that Cicero either adopts the Antiochian position himself or that he at least considers it to be a strong position that is worthy of further consideration, particularly in contrast with his categorical rejection of the other schools. Cicero’s second strategy, however, leads us away from accepting any established cradle argument, including the Antiochian one. This strategy develops a rich theme of education over the course of the text and emphasizes an appeal to the telic sense of “nature” that ultimately meets the two criteria set out by his first strategy. He does not seek ethical direction in some biological origin and given nature as cradle arguments do. Cicero appeals instead to human nature and its summum bonum as it appears during philosophical education. Though he finds cradle arguments rely too much on given nature and too little on telic nature, Cicero’s own own emphasis on education and telic nature amounts to a new appeal to “nature” that, in avoiding the “cradle”, is more sound than those of his philosophical rivals.
Aristóteles, Primeiros Analíticos II, 1-4: tradução e notas
Authors: Troster Tomás
Published: June 2024

This is an annotated translation of the first four chapters of the second book of Aristotle’s Prior Analytics. I aim to offer Portuguese-speaking readers a clear text with complementary materials to elucidate and contextualize Aristotle’s work, fulfilling a significant gap in the Lusophone bibliographical universe. To do this, I have taken Ross’s edition of the Aristotelian text as a basis – in which I have made some small changes – and compared my work with a series of existing translations and commentaries on the text.
Thrasymachus, the Sight-lover
Authors: Roberts Clifford
Published: June 2024

The aim of this paper is to explain why Thrasymachus, upon first appearing in Republic I, prohibits Socrates from defining justice as what is good. I argue that Thrasymachus views such definitions as equivocal, since he conceives of the good as relative: what is good must be good for someone. This relative conception of the good makes Thrasymachus similar to the sight-lovers, who believe in good things, which are relatively good, but deny the existence of the good itself, which is absolutely good. Understanding Thrasymachus as a sight-lover permits an illuminating reframing of his outlook and his significance for the larger project of the Republic.
Beckett personagem: biografia e ficção em Tempo Final, de Maylis Besserie
Authors: Gonçalves Lívia Bueloni
Published: June 2024

O romance Tempo Final, de Maylis Besserie, baseia-se nos últimos meses de vida de Beckett, especificamente no período que o escritor passou na casa de repouso Tiers Temps, em Paris. Besserie faz com que o personagem Beckett assemelhe-se a algumas de suas próprias criações literárias, uma espécie de Malone que rememora momentos importantes de sua trajetória de vida. A escritora também faz uso de todo o universo beckettiano, dialogando com sua linguagem e construindo um romance repleto de referências teatrais e ficcionais, que não apenas chama a atenção para a importância da obra do autor, como também se vale de momentos-chave da biografia de Beckett. Em um plano maior, o romance aborda questões relativas à velhice e à passagem do tempo. O livro, que foi traduzido por mim, toca nas fronteiras entre biografia e ficção e a proposta deste artigo é discutir alguns de seus aspectos entre os quais: a apropriação da linguagem e da temática beckettianas, a utilização da biografia do autor e os efeitos de sua recepção.
Subjetividade e delimitações: o ensaio e sua poética em Samuel Beckett
Authors: Margarit Lucas , Andrade Fábio de Souza
Published: June 2024

A obra ensaística de Samuel Beckett foi publicada por Ruby Cohn como um conjunto de textos sobre diferentes temas relacionados à criação, com múltiplos objetos de estudo e, inclusive, distintos interesses. Esta variedade implicará uma mutabilidade ou uma ruptura com a possibilidade de estabelecer um sistema ideológico firme e estático, o que nos sugere também uma poética da instabilidade. A compilação desta série de textos de caráter reflexivo, crítico e com traços que poderíamos demarcar no gênero “ensaio” apresenta-se a partir de uma classificação o tema tica, na qual o gênero passa ao segundo plano: nela encontraremos cartas, resenhas, ensaios, um fragmento dramático, uma série de diálogos sobre pintores ou fragmentos de narrativa. As questões levantadas nestes textos são as que marcam a atitude do escritor frente ao objeto escolhido, conformando uma poética que podemos enxergar tanto nos seus textos dramáticos, como nos narrativos e poéticos. Uma atitude que corresponde, neste caso, a um homem de letras que põe em evidência suas dúvidas a partir de pontos de vista diversos sobre a literatura e sua própria escrita.
Editorial
Authors: Silva Anderson Gonçalves da , Otsuka Edu Teruki , Fonseca Maria Augusta
Published: June 2024

Editorial por Anderson Gonçalves da Silva, Edu Teruki Otsuka, Maria Augusta Fonseca.
Oscar Freire: o inventor da Medicina Legal brasileira
Authors: Miziara Ivan Dieb
Published: June 2024

Este artigo apresenta a visão de que Oscar Freire – baiano, discípulo de Nina Rodrigues, primeiro professor catedrático de Medicina Legal da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo – foi o introdutor do ensino científico da Medicina Legal no Brasil, tornando-se, assim, o inventor da especialidade no País, com estudos extremamente originais, utilizando como base a população brasileira e também elencando a fauna cadavérica no Brasil. No terreno da educação médica, criou a primeira disciplina de Deontologia Médica no curso regular de Medicina. Foi o criador do primeiro curso de especialização em Medicina Legal, ainda na Bahia. Finalmente, é o responsável por uma escola paulista de Medicina Legal.
Identification of a new species and three new records of Chaetomiaceae associated with commercial herbal teas in northern Thailand
Authors: XU RONG JU , HUANRALUEK NARUEMON , MAPOOK AUSANA , PHUKHAMSAKDA CHAYANARD , BOONMEE SARANYAPHAT
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to identify fungi associated with commercial herbal teas from local markets in Chiang Rai and Chiang Mai, Thailand. A new species, Arcopilus albae was isolated from mulberry leaf tea and identified based on evidence from molecular phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of a combined ITS, LSU, TUB2, and RPB2 dataset indicated that the new species is a distinct taxon with high statistical support. Furthermore, two isolates of Canariomyces arenarium and three isolates of Chaetomium globosum are described as new host records from five different commercial herbal teas (black and red goji berries, chrysanthemum flower, mulberry leaf, and stevia leaf). One isolate of Ch. rectangulare is described as a new host record from black goji berry and a new geographical record from northern Thailand. This study provides additional collections of fungi associated with dried commercial herbal tea products from local markets in the North of Thailand.
New species and records of subgenus Aethina from China (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
Authors: CHEN XIAOXIAO , ZHANG JIANHUI , HUANG MIN
Published: June 2024

Two new species of sap beetles, A. (A.) similinconspicua sp. nov. and A. (A.) shizhuica sp. nov., of the subgenus Aethina Erichson, 1843 are described and illustrated from southwestern China. And four new species, A. (A.) cyaneipennis Grouvelle, 1903, A. (A.) dubitabilis Kireitshuk, 1986, A. (A.) kirejtshuki Jelínek, 1995, and A. (A.) lindskogi Jelínek & Kirejtshuk, 1986 are recorded for the first time from China.