bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ben-Gurion and the Palestinian Refugees
Authors: Goldstein Yossi
Published: April 2020

A prominent aspect of the Jewish-Arab conflict over Palestine has been the Palestinian ‘catastrophe’ or ‘Nakba’—the displacement of some 750,000 Palestinians during Israel’s War of Independence. David Ben-Gurion, the Yishuv’s pre-state leader and Israel’s first prime minister, was an influential figure in this process. This article investigates Ben-Gurion’s attitude toward the Palestinian refugee problem, highlighting its dynamic nature and its linkage to military developments. Contrary to the conclusions of previous research, only after the Arab states’ invasion and the war’s expansion in late May and early June 1948 did Ben-Gurion decide to oppose the refugees’ return. Undeterred by his own ethical misgivings and international efforts to secure repatriation, his view was reinforced over time, as Israel’s victories on the battlefield became unequivocal.
British Public Perception towards Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq
Authors: Safdar Aasima , Manzoor Samia , Qamar Ayesha
Published: April 2020

This article seeks to explore the perception of the British informants regarding the Afghanistan war 2001 and Iraq war 2003. Heavy users of British media were interviewed. The present article adopts the qualitative approach and ten in-depth interviews were conducted by the British informants. It was found that the British informants considered the 9/11 attacks as a tragic incident and Al Qaeda was held responsible for this. They supported their governments policies to curb terrorism but they highly condemned human causalities during the Afghanistan and Iraq wars. Particularly, they condemned their governments policy about Iraq war 2003. Regarding, the British media coverage of these wars, there was mixed opinion. Some of them considered that British media gave biased coverage to the wars however; few thought that media adopted a balanced approach. Overall, they stressed that the government should take responsible action against terrorism and human causalities should be avoided.
Residual thoracolumbar/lumbar curve is related to self-image after posterior spinal fusion for Lenke 1 and 2 curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients
Authors: Mimura Tetsuhiko , Ikegami Shota , Kuraishi Shugo , Uehara Masashi , Oba Hiroki , Takizawa Takashi , Munakata Ryo , Hatakenaka Terue , Koseki Michihiko , Takahashi Jun
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

Although it is well known that major curve severity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is inversely related to self-image, surgeons often encounter patients who complain of low self-image with preoperatively mild curves or postoperatively well-corrected main curves, suggesting the presence of other factors. This study examined factors contributing to self-image in AIS.

METHODS

A total of 86 consecutive patients who underwent posterior spinal fusion for AIS Lenke 1 or 2 curves and were followed for a minimum of 2 years were included in this study of patient self-image based on data that included scores reported on the Scoliosis Research Society survey (SRS-22r). The authors evaluated sex, BMI, Risser grade, age, angle of trunk rotation, Cobb angle of the main thoracic (MT) curve, Cobb angle of the thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) curve, apical vertebral translation (AVT), T5–12 kyphotic angle, and clavicular angle. Univariate and multivariate general linear models were employed to identify preoperative and 2-year postoperative factors that impact self-image.

RESULTS

Univariate analysis revealed no significant correlation between preoperative MT curve Cobb angle and SRS-22r self-image score (p = 0.51), although patients with a higher MT curve AVT had a significantly worse preoperative self-image (p < 0.01). Two years postoperatively, larger Cobb angle of the TL/L curve (p = 0.01) and higher Risser grade (p = 0.03) resulted in significantly lower self-image scores. In multivariate testing, preoperative MT curve AVT remained significantly related to diminished self-image (p < 0.01). Two years later, higher TL/L curve (p < 0.01), Risser grade (p = 0.03), and MT curve AVT (p = 0.03) had significant associations with lower self-image scores.

CONCLUSIONS

Preoperative MT curve AVT appears more strongly related to self-image than does Cobb angle. Two years postoperatively, persistent TL/L region curvature and high Risser grade may also be associated with diminished patient self-image.
Outcomes of growing rods in a series of early-onset scoliosis patients with neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Bouthors Charlie , Dukan Ruben , Glorion Christophe , Miladi Lotfi
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

Early-onset scoliosis (EOS) is not uncommon in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Despite conservative treatment, spinal deformities progress and require early surgical intervention. To avoid potential interference with chest and trunk growth, growing rods (GRs) have been used effectively in EOS of various etiologies. In this study the authors sought to analyze the outcomes of GRs in EOS patients with NF1.

METHODS

This was a retrospective single-center cohort study that included consecutive EOS patients with NF1 who were treated with GRs and were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Clinical and radiological analyses were performed preoperatively and until the last follow-up.

RESULTS

From to 2008 to 2017, 18 patients (6 male, 12 female) underwent GR surgery (14 single GRs, 4 dual GRs) at a mean age of 8 ± 2.1 years. Mean follow-up was 5 ± 2.4 years. Fifty-five lengthenings were performed at a mean rate of 3 lengthenings per patient (range 0–7). Ten of 14 single GRs (71%) were converted into dual GRs during treatment. No patient underwent definitive posterior spinal fusion (PSF) at GR treatment completion. The mean initial and last follow-up major curves were 57° and 36°, respectively (p < 0.001, 37% correction). The average T1–S1 increase was 13 mm/yr. Six of 9 hyperkyphotic patients had normal kyphosis at last follow-up. There were 26 complications involving 13 patients (72%), with 1 patient who required unplanned revision. The primary complications were instrumentation related, consisting of 17 proximal hook dislodgments, 6 distal pedicle screw pullouts, and 2 rod fractures. Only 1 patient experienced a mechanical complication after dual GR implantation. There were no wound infections.

CONCLUSIONS

The GR technique provided satisfactory spinal deformity control in EOS patients with NF1 while allowing substantial spinal growth. Adequately contoured dual GRs with proximal hooks placed in nondystrophic regions should be used to minimize implant-related complications. Surgeons should not attempt to correct kyphosis at GR implantation.
Accuracy characteristics of object location in a two-position system of small onboard radars
Authors: Nenashev Vadim , Shepeta Alexander
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The search for physical objects in a given area is often performed in automatic mode using small unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with radars. Airborne radar antennas, due to size restrictions, have a small aperture and, accordingly, a wide directional pattern, decreasing the accuracy of determining the angular coordinates of the objects. The increase in the angular coordinate estimation accuracy leads to the increase in the informativeness of such automatic search systems and, consequently, to the increase in the efficiency of their practical use. Purpose: Developing a technique for calculating the parameters of a two-position radar system consisting of two small airborne radars placed on small unmanned aerial vehicles, in order to increase the accuracy of determining the angular coordinates of radiocontrast physical objects. Results: An algorithm is proposed for integrating the data about the coordinates of physical objects detected in the joint coverage area of a two-position system of small airborne radars. It allows you, depending on the observation conditions, to increase the accuracy of determining the azimuthal coordinates by an order of magnitude or more. The aircraft trajectories are calculated on which the accuracy grows, and those on which there is almost no gain in accuracy. Practical relevance: Such two-position airborne small radars can be used in automated systems in order to detect physical object such as people in disaster areas, as well as in systems of collecting and processing data from sensors used for monitoring the state of the environment or man-made objects.
Decision support based on human-machine collective intelligence: stateof-the-art and conceptual model
Authors: Smirnov Alexander , Levashova Tatiana , Ponomarev Andrew
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Due to the development of information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence, human-machine computing systems are becoming more widely used. However, in the vast majority of developments in this area, a human, in fact, plays the role of a “computing device”, who can only handle requests of a certain kind. Thus, human creativity and the ability to (self-)organize are largely discarded. Purpose: Developing a decision support concept based on the use of human-machine collective intelligence. Analyzing the current state of the problem in the field of constructing flexible human-machine systems. Proposing a conceptual model of the environment based on which decision support systems can be created. Results: A conceptual model of decision support is proposed based on human-machine collective intelligence. Its central concepts are: a) the problem at whose solution the human-machine collective activity is aimed, b) the collective of machines and people interacting through the environment to solve the problem, c) the process model which describes the decision support process in terms of information collection development and evaluation of alternatives. Practical relevance: The developed model can be a base to create a new class of decision support systems leveraging the self-organization potential of human-machine collectives.
Margen de contribución y toma de decisiones gerenciales de empresas panificadoras
Authors: Palma Móvil Giovanni
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Dar a conocer los resultados de la investigación intitulada  Incidencia del margen de contribución en la toma de decisiones gerenciales de empresas panificadoras.. Metodología: La investigación se orientó bajo el paradigma positivista con enfoque cuantitativo y método empírico inductivo. Fue tipificada como explicativa con diseño transversal, no experimental, de campo, correlacional - causal. La población estuvo conformada por 1046 gerentes de pequeñas y medianas empresas panaderas de Barranquilla – Atlántico, Colombia. Resultados: El análisis de los datos se orientó por medio de la estadística descriptiva mediante el análisis de frecuencias y medias aritméticas empleado para describir las variables; y la estadística inferencial con aplicación de las pruebas de hipótesis Coeficiente de Pearson para medir correlación; pruebas de regresión lineal y análisis de varianza unidireccional para determinar la incidencia de la variable margen de contribución en la toma de decisiones. Conclusiones: Se determinó que existe una buena correlación lineal entre las variables explicativas y la variable dependiente. Igualmente, de cara al marco teórico analizado, se infiere que el grado de disciplina con que se asume la proyección del margen de contribución influye de manera directa en la toma de decisiones exitosa.
El emprendimiento social como oportunidad para hacer modelos negocios
Authors: Balmaceda Troncoso Sushaine
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Identificar la importancia del emprendimiento social en Colombia. Metodología: La recolección de información en su mayoría fue consultada en artículos y trabajos investigativos. Resultados: Como resultado y partiendo de los hallazgos encontrados, el emprendimiento social es de suma importancia tanto en otros países,  como en  Colombia, puesto que a través de este se puede posibilitar el desarrollo humano y económico. Conclusiones: Esta forma de emprendimiento hace posibles nuevas formas y expresiones de innovación social dando lugar a nuevos modelos de negocios. En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión teórica de los aspectos relacionados con el emprendimiento social y como ha sido su desarrollo para generar oportunidades de negocio.
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF PLANETARY SYSTEMS
Authors: Minglibayev M.Zh. , Kosherbayeva A.B.
Published: April 2020

In this article will be considered many spherical bodies problem with variable masses, varying non-isotropic at different rates as celestial-mechanical model of non-stationary planetary systems. In this article were obtained differential equations of motions of spherical bodies with variable masses to reach purpose exploration of evolution planetary systems. The scientific importance of the work is exploration to the effects of masses’ variability of the dynamic evolution of the planetary system for a long period of time. According to equation of Mescherskiy, we obtained differential equations of motions of planetary systems in the absolute coordinates system and the relative coordinates system. On the basis of obtained differential equations in the relative coordinates system, we derived equations of motions in osculating elements in form of Lagrange's equations and canonically equations in osculating analogs second systems of Poincare's elements on the base aperiodic motion over the quasi-canonical cross- section.
NEW FORMS OF THE PERTURBED MOTION EQUATION
Authors: Minglibayev M.Zh. , Omarov Ch.T. , Ibraimova A.T.
Published: April 2020

Real celestial bodies are neither spherical nor solid. Celestial bodies are unsteady, in the process of evolution their masses, sizes, shapes and structures are changes. The paper considers a model problem proposed as an initial approximation for the problems of celestial mechanics of bodies with variable mass. Based on this model problem, perturbation theory methods are developed and new forms of the perturbed motion equation are obtained. The model problem as the problem of two bodies with variable mass in the presence of additional forces proportional to speed and mutual distance is a class of intermediate motions. This class of intermediate motions describes an aperiodic motion along a quasiconical section. In this paper, on the basis of this class of aperiodic motion over a quasiconical section, various new forms of the perturbed motion equation in the form of Newton's equations are obtained. Based on the known equations of perturbed motion for the osculating geometric elements p, e, , i, , in the form of the Newton equation, we obtained the equations of perturbed motion for the following system of osculating elements p, e, i, , , and a, e, i, , , . Oscillating variables involving a dynamic element are suitable in the general case. A system of variables, where instead of the dynamic element is introduced - the average longitude in orbit is used in the quasielliptic case . The obtained new forms of the equation of perturbed motion, in the form of Newton's equations, in various systems of osculating variables can be effectively used in the study of the dynamics of non-stationary gravitating systems.
PROBLEMS AND IMPROVEMENT OF STATE REGULATION IN AGRICULTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Oralbayeva A.K.
Published: April 2020

The article deals with modern problems of state regulation and development of agriculture in Kazakhstan, provides analytical information on the condition of state regulation, proposes measures to improve the state of agricultural production.
THE ROLE OF TAX POTENTIAL IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE FISCAL SYSTEM
Authors: Ermekbayeva B.G. , Alimov N.D.
Published: April 2020

The term “tax potential” is studied in the article. In the introductory part of the article, the authors compared the meaning of two concepts, such as the tax and budget potential of the region, and showed the difference between the two concepts. The definitions of different authors of the tax potential as an economic category are given. The main section analyzes the dynamics of tax revenues to the republican and local budgets of the city of Almaty for 2016-2018. The factors affecting the tax potential of the region, including the influence of the shadow economy on the state budget, are identified. The concluding section presents specific ways to increase tax potential.
THE ROLE OF MARKETING RESEARCH IN IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF HOTEL ENTERPRISES IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Zheldibayev А.E. , Nessipbekov Ye.N. , Belgibayev A.K. , Belgibayeva Zh.Zh. , Appakova G.N.
Published: April 2020

This article justifies the need for marketing research and provides an analysis of the situation in the hotel services market.
When carrying out research the following methods were used: scientific abstraction, statistics-economical, analysis and synthesis.
The following results were obtained in the course of scientific research: firstly, the role and importance of marketing research were considered; secondly, the analysis of Kazakhstan accommodation places by categories and visitors was conducted; thirdly, the prospects for the development of hotel business in Kazakhstan were justified.
LINK-A long non-coding RNA and VEGF RNA expression in epithelial ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Maleki Parichehr , Sheida Sadaf Valeh , Mowla Seyed Javad , Soleimani Vahid , Taheri Mohammad , Raheb Jamshid
Published: April 2020

LINK-A (long intergenic non-coding RNA for kinase activation) is a newly identified long non-coding RNA with oncogenic function, which leads to the hyperactivation of AKT and HIF1α. thereby, fosters cell proliferation, mobility and metastasis. VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), a well-known cytokine has an important role in angiogenesis. In this study, we quantified RNA expression of LINK-A and VEGF on 45 tumor specimens obtained from Iranian patients diagnosed with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). Our goal was to evaluate expression of LINK-A lncRNA and VEGF mRNA in ovarian cancer tissues and find the probable correlation of LINK-A with VEGF as a major transcription target for HIF1α. LINK-A and VEGF were remarkably overexpressed in EOC tissues compared to normal tissues (P value: 0.004, 0.0001, respectively), but we did not find correlation between LINK-A and VEGF RNA expressions in this study. LINK-A was significantly overexpressed in higher stages of cancer and tumor grades. VEGF was only significantly elevated in higher stages. This study confirms importance of novel lncRNA of LINK-A in Iranian EOC patients.
Prevalence of some hepatitis B virus markers among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Specialist Hospital Sokoto Nigeria
Authors: Erhabor O. , Mohammad S.Y. , Bello L. , Onuigwe F.U. , Abdulrahman Y. , Zama I. , Buhari H. , Bagudo A. , Ibrahim K. , Ahmed M. , Udomah F.P. , Adias T.C. , Erhabor T. , Okara G.C.
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus infection is a global public health problem. The virus has infected more than one-third of the global population. It has been estimated that 360 million chronic carriers are living around the world with a high risk for developing cirrhosis, hepatic carcinoma and hepatic failure. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of some hepatitis B markers among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Sokoto Specialist Hospital, Nigeria. METHODS: The hepatitis testing was carried out using the Skytec-Rapid Diagnostic HBV-5 rapid kit (Skytec-Rapid Diagnostic, USA). The kit is based on lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative detection of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, and HBcAb in human serum or plasma. Panel format can conveniently test for five targets at once and utilizes all markers to help distinguish between acute and chronic infections. RESULTS: Out of 117 pregnant women tested, 15 were positive for HBsAg (12.8%), 6 positive for HBsAb (5.1%), 1 for HBeAg (0.9%), 14 tested positive for HBeAb (12.0%), and 14 tested for HBcAb (12.0%). The prevalence of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBcAb and HBcAb was compared based on ethnicity. HBsAb was significantly higher among the Hausa ethnic group (p= 0.001). The prevalence of HBsAb, HBeAg, HBcAb and HBcAb was not affected by ethnicity (p> 0.05). The prevalence of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBcAb and HBcAb was compared based on age. Infection by the hepatitis B virus markers was higher among young adult and middle age groups. The difference was however not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The prevalence of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBcAb and HBcAb was compared based on the educational status, previous history of blood transfusion, jaundice, employment status and previous history of still births among the pregnant subjects. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus markers (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study observed a high prevalence of various hepatitis B viral markers among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Specialist Hospital Sokoto. There is need for routine screening of all pregnant women and infants born to hepatitis B positive mothers. Government and non-governmental organizations should intensify efforts to enlighten the general population on the public health importance of the disease and the importance of hepatitis screening. There is also need for the development of a treatment protocol for the management of pregnant women positive for hepatitis B to prevent mother to child transmission. There is an urgent need for the implementation of evidenced-based best practice of providing universal vaccination against hepatitis B for all hepatitis B negative women of child bearing age in particular and all Nigerians in general.
Modeling and simulation of arc grounding fault of middle and low voltage distribution network based on ATP-EMTP
Authors: Xu Xiangzheng , Hu Wenguang
Published: April 2020

In middle and low voltage distribution networks, single-phase grounding fault is most like to occur, so the mathematical model to accurately reflect the characteristics of grounding arc is the basis of network fault analysis. Based on arc-gap balance theory, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the classic Mayr model and Cassie model, establishes an arc model with reasonable combination of Mayr and Cassie, and further studies the influence of arc length parameters on arc characteristics, and reflects the physical characteristics of the grounding arc. Finally, the arc model is simulated in a 10 kV distribution network in the fault form of intermittent arc grounding. By comparing the results with the actual situation, the correctness of the arc model is verified, which lays a good foundation for the following fault analysis of distribution network.
Design and experimental study of acceleration sensor based on PVDF piezoelectric film
Authors: Gong Yongzhen , Zhao Hongli , Huang Yongshen , Jin Xin
Published: April 2020

PVDF piezoelectric film is a piezoelectric polymer material with excellent properties. In this paper, the research status of PVDF piezoelectric thin film was summarized, and the working principle of PVDF piezoelectric thin film accelerometer was introduced. On the basis of optimizing parameters, a cantilever PVDF piezoelectric film accelerometer and signal processing circuit were designed. The signal processing circuit which was composed of amplifier circuit and filter circuit was analyzed experimentally,and the frequency characteristic diagram of the filter circuit was obtained.The amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of the filter circuit were better in a certain range,which can meet the design requirements.Experiments on the designed PVDF piezoelectric film accelerometer were carried out, including the calibration experiment of the PVDF accelerometer and the performance test of the sensor.The analysis results showed that the sensor has high sensitivity and good linearity, and can meet the measurement requirements.
Solving the playing strategy of Dou Dizhu using convolutional neural network: A residual learning approach
Authors: Tan Guangyun , Wei Peipei , He Yongyi , Xu Huahu , Shi Xinxin
Published: April 2020

Poker is the typical game of incomplete information, and remains a longstanding challenge problem in artificial intelligence (AI). The game of Dou Dizhu has been viewed as a thorny topic in AI since it is featured with hidden information and large branching factors, and the cooperation and competition should also be handled. In this article, deep learning is adopted to train a supervised learning playing strategy network (PSN) for Dou Dizhu directly from expert human playing. Through experiments, it was found that the sample design with the appropriate historical playing hand sequence and more features of the playing situation, can help the PSN learn more competitive and accurate playing strategies faster. In the online game platform, the strategy network-based game agent reaches an average winning rate of 52.22% against the human players. In addition, the analysis of the gameplay data against human players shows that the playing strategy network has learned the rules of playing and the characteristics of card recognition and reasonable demolition, cooperation and reasoning. Finally, we improve the performance of the PSN in the aspect of sample design. Then, the experimental results show that with proper marking of the number of remaining hands, the performance of the PSN can be enhanced.
Alpha-synuclein promotes dopaminergic neuron death in Parkinson’s disease through microglial and NLRP3 activation
Authors: Klein Sarah
Published: April 2020

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that involves the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). After neuronal death, the subsequent reduction of dopamine levels in the brain induces motor deficits characteristic of this hypokinetic disorder. Although there is currently no known cause of PD, alpha-synuclein appears to have a prominent role in both microglial and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The consequential release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has been demonstrated to be responsible for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in PD. The present review highlights the role of alpha-synuclein aggregates in Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis. The PD alpha-synuclein preformed fibril (PFF) animal model permits the specific targeting of alpha-synuclein-mediated microglial and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in newly designed therapies. Studies using this model suggest MCC950 and its analogs as a potential new treatment to prevent neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease.
Synthetic Mulches in Organic Hardneck Garlic (Allium sativum subsp. ophioscorodon) Production
Authors: Carr Matthew A , Congreves Kate A
Published: April 2020

The demand for certified organic garlic (Allium sativum) in Canada is increasing; however, garlic can be challenging to produce organically, as it does not compete well with weeds, requires relatively fertile soils, and is grown in a biennial cropping system. Synthetic mulches have been adopted in organic production as they can be an economical method to improve vegetable production by reducing weed pressure and modifying soil conditions. We hypothesize that garlic quality and overall yield will be improved when using synthetic mulches. In 2017-18, we conducted a randomized complete block design experiment to compare garlic production of black plastic, white plastic, and Kraft paper mulch treatments to a control with no mulch at a certified organic farm in Krestova, British Columbia. We evaluated garlic characteristics associated with yield and quality, changes in soil nutrition, and weed control of the mulch treatments. We found that plastic mulches had the best weed control, and all synthetic mulches increased minimum and maximum bulb diameter, clove count, and yield compared to the control. Mulching materials did not influence soil nitrate concentrations. The results support the hypothesis that synthetic mulches increase the quality and yield of the garlic compared to the control. Our findings suggest that synthetic mulching may be a key component of improving garlic production systems.
The Changing Brain
Authors: Bergen Michael Kevin
Published: April 2020

The brain remains the most complex organ within the mammalian body with an immense capacity for plasticity and change throughout an individual’s life history. This review examines brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and endocannabinoid (eCB) signalling cross-talk within a variety of neurodevelopmental, genic, and plastic processes that occur in the brain. The action of eCB and BDNF cross-talk in embryonic and adult neurogenesis is a bidirectional dynamic process of high complexity that facilitates neural proliferation, differentiation, spatial development, synaptic development, and programmed cell death events. The coupled action of BDNF eCB signalling serves as a functional regulator of neuroplasticity, modulating synaptic signalling strength within both inhibitory and excitatory neurons. This also regulates long-term potentiation and long-term depression processes, which play important roles in the neurobiology of learning and memory. Understanding BDNF and eCB signalling has the potential to offer new insights into brain function and develop novel therapeutic treatment for psychiatric disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and brain injury recovery.
“But Virgil Was Not There”
Authors: Crape Drumlin N. M.
Published: April 2020

At the intersection of Dante Alighieri’s The Divine Comedy and literary analysis of sexuality, scholarship has often focused on the sodomy cantos. Dante’s treatment of the homoerotic prompts investigation into the ways sodomy is depicted in Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise. However, scholarship rarely focuses on the way Dante himself becomes entangled in the homoerotic, chiefly through his relationship with his guide, Virgil. This paper builds on existent scholarship on Virgil’s role in the Divine Comedy as well as analyses of Dante’s depiction of sodomy to investigate Virgil’s role as a connection to the homoerotic and homosocial realm of Hell. With an analysis grounded in the Dante-Virgil relationship, Virgil’s absence from Paradise becomes a signal of departure from the homosocial bonds of Hell and a mark of Dante’s transition out of Purgatory.
Artwork
Authors: Kazmi Salma
Published: April 2020

“The Surgery” is the product of a live model study and an intuitive collage that evolved into the representation of my memories observing a surgical procedure. My most prominent memory is the anesthesiologist comforting and holding the patient’s hand, asking her to count downwards from ten as her time and sensations slowly vanished. The elements in “The Surgery” are inspired on visions and sensations described by people that have been under the effects of anesthesia.

Salma Kazmi moved to Canada from Mexico in 2018 to pursue an undergraduate degree. She is now in her third year of B.Sc. Double Honors Biology and Studio Art. Kazmi describes her work as dynamic and often inspired by the anatomical and ecological aesthetics. Furthermore, Kazmi is interested in studying movement, narrative illustration and perceptions of sexuality.
DETERMINANTS OF RELATIONSHIP VALUE BETWEEN SUPPLIERS AND DISTRIBUTORS IN ELECTRONIC HOME APPLIANCE INDUSTRY
Authors: Tran Tung Thanh , Pham Thuy Ngoc
Published: April 2020

This research aims at identifying factors affecting the relationship value between suppliers and distributors. A survey was conducted on 152 shops and companies operating in electronic home applicance industry in HCM City, Vietnam. The results show that three out of five factors investigated have possitive impact on relationship value, including Personal Interaction, Product Quality, Delivery Performance. Other two factors, Service Support and Collaborated Time, do not impact on relationship value. Theoretical and managerial implications have been discussed.
CRITICAL FACTORS IMPACT ON ELECTRICAL PROJECTS PERFORMANCE IN VIETNAM
Authors: Vu Tuan Anh , Cao Thi Hao
Published: April 2020

This study concentrates on defining the cause and effect relationships between the criteria of Electrical project performance and the key factors impact on performance of Electrical projects. The sample of this study consisted of 230 Electrical projects within the last 10 years in VietNam. The key project factors are mainly based on indicators developed by Belasis and Take [1]; Cao Hao Thi [2]. These factors are External environment stability; Project manager competencies; Team member competencies; organizational support and Project characteristics. In this study, adding two factors are Contractors competencies and External organizational support. The results confirmed the success criteria of Electrical projects as used in previous studies. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the key project factors had significant positive relationships with the success criteria, in accordance with [1] and [2]. The results also indicated the overall model explained the data reasonably well, with 56.1% of the total variance in Performance of Electrical projects.
Human Gut Mycobiome in IBD
Authors: Matijasic Mario , Meštrović Tomislav , Čipčić Paljetak Hana , Perić Mihaela , Barešić Anja , Verbanac Donatella
Published: April 2020

The human microbiota is a diverse microbial ecosystem associated with many beneficial physiological functions, as well as numerous disease etiologies. Dominated by bacteria, the microbiota also includes commensal populations of fungi, viruses, archaea, and protists. Unlike bacterial microbiota, which was extensively studied in the past two decades, these non-bacterial microorganisms, their functional roles, and their interaction with one another or with host immune system have not been as widely explored. This review covers the recent findings on the fungal communities of the human gastrointestinal microbiota, termed the “mycobiome”, and their involvement in health and disease, with particular focus on the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease.
Prediction of Human Drug-Drug Interactions
Authors: Simonsson Ulrika
Published: April 2020

Patients suffering from complex diseases (infectious diseases, oncology) or several conditions (co-morbidities) require combination therapies of different drugs. Combining different drugs will potentially lead to drug-drug interactions, influencing the efficacy and safety of the treatment. Development of novel drugs that are intended to be used in combination should consider drug-drug interactions as early as possible. Even with limited data, drug-drug interactions in humans can be predicted using model-informed drug discovery and development (MID3). The concept to utilize and integrate data from in vitro combination experiments combined with preclinical in vivo data on the exposure-response relationships of the drugs in combination through a computational model-informed approach, is introduced here with tuberculosis as case study.
ROMANYA’DAKİ TÜRK-TATAR TOPLUMUNDA MECİDİYE MÜSLÜMAN SEMİNERİN YERİ (1880-1940)
Authors: OMER Metin
Published: April 2020

1877-1878 Osmanlı-Rus
savaşının neticesinde Dobruca bölgesinin Romanya sınırlarına dâhil edilmesiyle
Bükreş’teki siyasetçiler önemli bir Türk-Tatar nüfüsünün entegrasyonunu
düşünmeye mecbur olmuşlardır. Bu çerçevede eğitim en önemli konulardan birisi
olmuştur. Nitekim, Romanya’daki Müslümanların din görevlisi ve Türkçe
öğretmenlerini yetiştirmek için, Osmanlı döneminden kalan bir medresenin devamı
olarak Müslüman Semineri açılmıştır. 1889’da Babadağ’da açılan Seminer, 1901’de
Mecidiye’ye taşınmış ve 1967 yılında faaliyetine son verilene kadar Romanya’daki
Türk ve Tatar entellektüellerin çoğunun yetiştikleri yer olmuştur.

Seminerin toplum açısından öneminden dolayı Romanya’daki
Müslümanların tarihi, yaşadıkları gelişmeler ve değişiklikler okulun durumunu
doğrudan etkilemiş ve aynı zamanda Seminerdeki değişiklikler Dobruca’daki
Türkler ve Tatarlar üzerinde kalıcı etkilere neden olmuştur. Dolayısıyla, Seminerin
tarihini inceleyince aslında Romanya’daki Müslüman toplumu
içerisindeki başlıca eğilimleri görüyoruz. Gördükleri dersler, öğrenci
sayıları, Seminer binasının durumu; bütün bunlar toplum içerisinde cereyan eden
fikirler veya gelişmesini etkileyen olaylarla ilgiliydi. Çalışmamızda birkaç
örneklere değinerek Mecidiye Müslüman Seminerinin Romanya’daki Türk
toplumundaki gelişmeler açısından önemini ortaya koymaya amaçladık.

Arhivele Naționale ale
României (Romanya Devlet Arşivleri), Arhivele Consiliului Național pentru
Studierea Arhivelor Securității’nda (Securitate Arşivlerin Araştırılması İçin
Ulusal Konsey) bulunan arşiv fonların yanısıra, dönemin basınından da
faydalanarak konuya daha geniş bir perspektif kazandırdık.
Laserterapia no tratamento de lesões: Série de casos
Authors: Kashiwabara Tatiliana Geralda Bacelar , Sampaio Débora de Oliveira , Oliveira Bruna Evellyn Freitas de
Published: April 2020

As feridas cutâneas, principalmente as de caráter crônico, acarretam consequências negativas para a qualidade de vida do portador, além do mais, representam um grave problema de saúde, uma vez que, a perda da integridade da pele facilita a proliferação de germes com potencial infeccioso. A terapia com laser de baixa potência tem sido utilizada com o propósito de promover a reparação tecidual, assim como redução da dor e melhor resposta aos processos inflamatórios. Nesse artigo, relata-se uma série de casos onde foi empregado o laser de baixa potência como terapia em feridas ulcerosas crônicas e estomatite herpética, com boa evolução clínica até o presente.
The Impact of Hydric Swelling on the Mechanical Behavior of Egyptian Helwan Limestone
Authors: Aly Nevin , Hamed Ayman , Abd El-Al Ahmed
Published: April 2020

This study was concerned at a limestone quarry located southeast of Helwan city, Egypt, in order to investigate the effect of hydric swelling on the geomechanical aspects of limestone rocks. The Volume of Egyptian limestones change due to the presence of clay minerals (swelling/shrinking). These changes in volume induced by changing environmental conditions, high temperature and fluctuation of the relative humidity, causes accelerated physical deterioration of limestone. The rainfall is infrequent, and it is usual for the area to have no precipitation for successive months. There is a remarkable variability in daily temperature between summer and winter. The hot and arid environment that controls the geological development can affect the engineering behavior of local sedimentary stones. Petrographic investigation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of Helwan limestone (biomicritic limestone) revealed the existence of smectite and glauconite within the stone. The clay fraction extracted from Helwan limestone is equal to 10 % by weight. The analysis of oriented clay mounts by X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the dominance of smectite in the clay fraction.To study the effect of the clay content on the mechanical behavior of Helwan limestone, hydric swelling tests were performed at first by using a displacement sensor, afterwards, the effect of a sequence of wetting/ drying cycles on the stone strength was determined by the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test. Results confirmed that the strength loss of the limestone is directly proportional to the degree of swelling of the clay, as expected. This highlights the importance of this parameter for selecting stones in new construction or for replacing purposes, and for establishing preventive measurements to minimize this damage in historic buildings.
CARNIVAL FASHION CREATIVITY AT MALANG FLOWER CARNIVAL (MFC)
Authors: Sunandar Agus , Dharsono Dharsono
Published: April 2020

Malang Flower Carnaval (MFC) which has worldwide, the results of the creation of these activities have been staged in various countries in the world. MFC has successfully entered the COE (Calender of Event) of the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism 3 times. The existence of this event supports and strengthens the predicate of Malang City as a Creative City in Indonesia. This success is interesting to do a study of how the fashion creativity that has been created from the MFC. This study uses a qualitative approach specifically Roland Barthes's fashion function theory and Edmund Burke Feldman's function theory of art. The results of the study showed that the creativity of the carnival dress appeared in the visualization of the shape of hair such as temples, gold ornaments, ornamental elements, and body gestures that symbolized the beauty of local dance. In addition, the carnival costumes can be a representation of local culture as an idea of creation. Implementation of a fashion carnival can encourage community creativity which ultimately increases public welfare.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the mandible – A case report
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Asifur
Published: April 2020

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) is an extremely rare, benign softtissue lesion of unknown aetiology and pathogenesis that mimics malignant lesions clinically and radiologically found in the maxillofacial region. It occurs primarily in the lungs but occurred in other extra-pulmonary sites. Histologically these lesions appear as an inflammatory infiltrate within a variable of myofibrotic background. The current mode of treatment for inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) is surgical excision with regular follow up. In this case report a 40 years old female presented with an intraosseous inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) in the left side of mandible which was treated by surgical excision of the lesion. This article also describes the clinicopathological features and treatment of a case of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) of the mandible.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2020; 10 (1): 21-24
Enucleation after Marsupialization: A case report of Globulomaxillary Cyst
Authors: Mojumder Dipayan , Chowdhury Rahim Ullah , Podder Anupam
Published: April 2020

Globulomaxillary cyst found in between the roots of lateral incisor and canine of maxilla and is a non-odontogenic developmental origin. It is usually diagnosed by routine radiographic examination and it is inverted peer shaped radiolucent lesion. Adjacent teeth remain vital. Complete enucleation or marsupialization is a treatment option for this. This case report is to observe the expected results after marsupialization followed by enucleation. An eighteen years old boy noticed a painless swelling for 1 year at the left side of upper lip and we performed surgery enucleation after doing marsupialization. Here, marsupialization done to promote bone regeneration and to avoid injury to vital structures and possible fracture. Patient was followed for 3 months after enucleation and the radiolucent area was gradually reduced.This article reports the management of a globulomaxillary cyst in at two-stage procedure and it was more conservative. It might be a good treatment option for management of globulomaxillary cyst.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2020; 10 (1): 25-27
Mâtürîdî’nin Kitâbü’t-Tevhîd Adlı Eseri Bağlamında Muhammed İbn Şebîb el-Basrî’nin Kelâmî Görüşleri
Authors: ULUTAŞ Yasin
Published: April 2020

Muhammed b. Şebib el-Basri’nin hayatı ve kelami görüşleri hakkında sistematik bir bilgi olmamakla beraber erken dönem Mutezile ekolu içerisinde yetişmiş bir kelamcıdır. Daha çok yaşadığı dönemden yazılan eserlerden faydalanmak suretiyle İbn Şebib’in kelami görüşleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. İbn Şebib, tevhit konusundaki derin bilgisi ile maddenin ve dolayısıyla tabiatın ezeli olduğunu savunan Dehriyye, Seneviyye ve Merkayûniye gibi felsefi akımları eleştirmiş, felsefi bir düzeyde onların görüşlerini çürütmeye çalışmıştır. Ayrıca hiçbir şekilde bilginin değerini kabul etmeyen Sofistlerle de tartışmaya girerek onların görüşlerini eleştirmiştir. Kendisinden sonra gelen kelamcılar, onun felsefi akımlarla yaptığı tartışma ve eleştirilerinden gerek metot olarak, gerek içerik olarak faydalanmışlardır. Âlem ve içindeki nesnelerin, varlıklarını kendi doğal yapılarından değil, sonradan bir başkası tarafından yaratıldığından hareketle Allah’ın varlığını ve birliğini, rasyonel olarak ispat etmeye çalışır. Bu metot, ilk dönem Mutezile kelamcılarının kullandığı bir metottur. Tevhid ve adalet konularda mensubu olduğu Mutezile ekolu ile paralel görüşlere sahip iken, büyük günah ile va’d ve va’îd konularında ise Mürcie gibi düşünür. Makale, inanç ile ilgili özgün görüşlere sahip olan İbn Şebib’in, kelami görüşlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Optimizing genotype-environment-management interactions to ensure silage maize production in the Chinese Maize Belt
Authors: Zhang L , Zhang Z , Cao J , Luo Y , Li Z
Published: April 2020

Grain maize production exceeds the demand for grain maize in China. Methods for harvesting good-quality silage maize urgently need a theoretical basis and reference data in order to ensure its benefits to farmers. However, research on silage maize is limited, and very few studies have focused on its energetic value and quality. Here, we calibrated the CERES-Maize model for 24 cultivars with 93 field experiments and then performed a long-term (1980-2017) simulation to optimize genotype-environment-management (G-E-M) interactions in the 4 main agroecological zones across China. We found that CERES-Maize could reproduce the growth and development of maize well under various management and weather conditions with a phenology bias of <5 d and biomass relative root mean square error values of <5%. The simulated results showed that sowing long-growth-cycle cultivars approximately 10 d in advance could yield good-quality silage. The optimal sowing dates (from late May to July) and harvest dates (from early October to mid-November) gradually became later from north to south. A high-energy yield was expected when sowing at an early date and/or with late-maturing cultivars. We found that Northeast China and the North China Plain were potential silage maize growing areas, although these areas experienced a medium or even high frost risk. Southwestern maize experienced a low risk level, but the low soil fertility limited the attainable yield. The results of this paper provide information for designing an optimal G×E×M strategy to ensure silage maize production in the Chinese Maize Belt.
Effects of the cleaner fish Labroides dimidiatus on grazing fishes and coral reef benthos
Authors: Grutter AS , Bejarano S , Cheney KL , Goldizen AW , Sinclair-Taylor T , Waldie PA
Published: April 2020

Territorial and roving grazing fishes farm, and feed on, algae, sediment, or detritus, thus exerting different influences on benthic community structure, and are common clients of cleaner fish. Whether cleaners affect grazing-fish diversity and abundance, and indirectly the benthos, was tested using reefs maintained free of the bluestreak cleaner wrasseLabroides dimidiatusfor 8.5 yr (removals) compared with controls. We quantified fish abundance per grazing functional group, foraging rates of roving grazers, cleaning rates of roving grazers byL. dimidiatus, reef benthos composition, and fouling material on settlement tiles. Abundances of ‘intensive’ and ‘extensive’ territorial farmers, non-farmers, parrotfishes andAcanthurusspp. were lower on removal than control reefs, but this was not the case for ‘indeterminate’ farmers andCtenochaetus striatus. Foraging rates ofAcanthurusspp. andC. striatuswere unaffected by cleaner presence or cleaning duration. This suggests some robustness of the grazers’ foraging behaviour to loss of cleaners.Acanthurusspp. foraged predominantly on sediment and detritus, whereasC. striatusand parrotfishes grazed over algal turfs. Nevertheless, benthic community structure and amount of organic and inorganic material that accumulated over 3.5 mo on tiles were not affected by cleaner presence. Thus, despite greater abundances of many roving grazers, and consequently higher grazing rates being linked to the presence of cleaners, the benthos was not detectably affected by cleaners. This reveals that the positive effect of cleaners on fish abundance is not associated with a subsequent change in the benthos as predicted. Rather, it suggests a resilience of benthic community structure to cleaner-fish loss, possibly related to multiple antagonistic effects of different grazer functional groups. However, losing cleaners remains a problem for reefs, as the lack of cleaning has adverse consequences for fish physiology and populations.