bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Tenis se Hace Verde ¿El Tenis en Silla de Ruedas debe Hacer lo Mismo?
Authors: Dyrbus Suzie
Published: April 2023

El uso de las pelotas de baja presión se ha debatido mucho; sin embargo, el nuevo cambio de las reglas de tenis plantea preguntas con respecto a su uso en el tenis en silla de ruedas. Las pelotas verdes son más lentas y botan menos que las pelotas amarillas normales. Este artículo comenta cómo las pelotas verdes pueden proporcionar diferentes beneficios, particularmente relacionados con los jugadores de tenis en silla de ruedas, incluyendo mejor rendimiento y efectos fisiológicos, psicológicos y sociales.
La Velocidad del Servicio y las Fuerzas de Reacción del Piso ¿Se Ven Alteradas tras el Juego Prolongado?
Authors: Girard Olivier , P. Millet Grégoire , Micallef Jean-Paul
Published: April 2023

El rendimiento en el servicio puede deteriorarse cuando, debido a la fatiga, la fuerza muscular de los jugadores disminuye afectando a la contribución de los miembros inferiores en la realización de los golpes. El presente estudio examina este efecto e investiga la incidencia del juego de tenis prolongado sobre la velocidad del golpe y las fuerzas verticales máximas durante los primeros servicios (planos y cortados) y los segundos servicios (liftados). Se comentan los resultados y se proporcionan sugerencias para que los jugadores que entrenan puedan manejar los efectos de la fatiga.
La Búsqueda del “Momento”
Authors: A Young Janet
Published: April 2023

Este artículo trata el fenómeno del “momento”. Este componente psicológico denota una ventaja para el jugador y se asocia con un pico de rendimiento, confianza y auto estima. Este artículo propone un plan de acción para lograr, mantener y recapturar el “momento”, si fuese necesario.
Oral Traditions of Taur-Taur and Forms of Local Wisdom in the Maragad Activities of Simalungun Community
Authors: Sinaga Warisman , Damanik Ramlan
Published: April 2023

Oral tradition is a part of culture that is spread and passed down traditionally from one generation to the next in a different version. The presentation is in the form of oral which can be accompanied by examples of actions and reminder aids. The Simalungun community have an oral tradition, one of them is taur-taur, which is an oral tradition in the form of poetry or song that is sung when the manggar enau is tapping. This oral tradition is associated with the legend of the growth of enau trees in Simalungun. With the growth of enau trees (Arenga pinnata), maragad activities has come, namely tapping enau sap. The Simalungun people called enau as bagod. Before taking sap from an enau tree, there is a tradition that carried out by tappers, namely humming in a sad and mournful tone (taur-taur). The community believes that this tradition must be carried out if you want the enau tree to put out a lot of water. In this series of activities, the various local wisdoms that has come and needed to be revitalized. To revitalize local traditions and wisdom, an appropriate research is carried out, namely the research of oral traditions and local wisdom. This research discusses about the form, function, and meaning of taur-taur, performance (components, stages, symbols), and local wisdom contained in the maragad tradition. The method used in analyzing the problem is a qualitative method with field research techniques. There are two theories applied, namely the theory of oral tradition and the theory of local wisdom. As stated by Finnegan, it is stated that maragad activities are passed down from generation to generation without experiencing significant changes, traditions are conveyed with guidance, direction, and practice within the family sphere, this oral tradition is carried out in stages. Meanwhile, the forms of local wisdom that found in the maragad oral tradition include helping, mutual cooperation, discipline, gratitude, hard work, honesty, gender management, preservation and creativity, culture, positive thinking, and education.

Keywords: oral tradition, taur-taur, maragad, and local wisdom
Essay the Recovery of Solid Household Waste from The City of Kindia by Composting, (Republic of Guinea)
Authors: GUILAVOGUI Wogbo Dominique , SAKOUVOGUI Ansoumane , BAYO Ibrahima
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim: In Guinea, waste management occupies a central place in the State's environmental policy. The objective of this study is to recover fermentable waste by composting as an alternative to landfilling and incineration of waste. This work was carried out in November and December 2022 in the composting center of the urban municipality of Kindia.
Method: This study is a continuation of research work on the management and recovery of solid household waste in the city of Kindia. The andean or elaborate heap method of composting was used. It covers the following steps: preparation of the material to be composted, on-site observation, evaluation of the compost material and physico-chemical analysis of the compost. Composting was carried out in a windrow over an area 2m long, 1.5m wide and 1.5m high, i.e. a volume of 4.5m3.
Results: The results obtained show that with an initial quantity of 960 kg of household solid waste used, we obtained 380 kg of compost after almost 30 days of composting, i.e. 39.58% compost (biodegradable waste) and 60.15% rejection. During the composting process, the temperature in the ande varied from 29°C to 68°C, with an average of 47.32°C. In the ambient environment, it varied from 23.80°C to 34°C, with an average of 28.13°C. The evolution of the pH as a function of time showed three different phases (acidogenic phase, neutral phase and alkaline phase). The acidogenic phase lasts 15 days, for a pH varying from 5 to 6.5. The neutrality phase lasted 8 days (pH around 7). From the 23rd day there was the transition to the alkalinization phase (pH varied from 7.8 to 8.7). The humidity level has decreased significantly over time, around 75% in young compost, it is only around 15% in mature compost. At the start of composting the C/N ratio was about 25 and at the end of the process C/N was reduced to 10. During the process the EC content varied from 4.5 ms/cm (initially) to 7.3 ms/cm until day 25, followed by a gradual decrease until the end of the composting process (1.8 ms/cm).
Conclusion: This study made it possible to carry out a test for the recovery of solid household waste from the city of Kindia by the composting process for soil amendments. It remains to be popularized and encouraged by NGOs and government agencies in the country.

Keywords: Solid waste, recovery, household, composting, Kindia
Effect of Fine Aggregate Type on Workability and Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Ahmed Memon Bashir , Oad Mahboob , Buller Abdul Hafeez
Published: April 2023

The ever-increasing need of infrastructure around the globe gave rise to consumption of concrete ingredients at faster pace and generates huge quantum of the construction and demolishing waste. Both factors are serious problem to environment and waste management. Therefore, this research article presents the laboratory investigation on the effect of type of fine aggregates in recycled aggregate concrete prepared with recycled aggregates from demolished concrete. It will not only reduce the waste management to some extent, help in preserving the environment, avoid health problems of inhabitants, but also help in preserving the conventional sources of aggregates. Three types of fine aggregates, i.e. river sand, pit sand and hill sand are used. The concrete using 1:2:4 mix and 0.5 water cement ratio is designed in two groups. First group used only conventional aggregates whereas, in second group 50% recycled aggregates from demolished concrete are used. In each group three batches using river sand, pit sand and hill sand are used. Slump test of each batch is conducted. In each batch 5 cylinders of standard size are prepared, cured for 28-days and tested for compressive strength. Obtained results showed better performance of conventional concrete with river sand but the induction of recycled aggregates affected both workability and compressive strength. The workability of recycled aggregate concrete with river sand was better (-14%) compared to concrete with hill sand (-20%). However, slump values for all batches remained within limits specified for normal concrete. Use of hill sand in recycled aggregate concrete showed better performance in terms of compressive strength as the residual compressive strength was recorded equal to 86% in comparison to conventional concrete with river sand.

Keywords: Recycled aggregate concrete, workability, compressive strength, type of sand, fine aggregates, demolishing waste, green concrete..
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Study About Hand Hygiene Among Medical Students at University of Cyberjaya, Malaysia
Authors: Kamaruddean Azmi , Zahidah Shahrim Aishah , Jasllyna Jolly Nuryn
Published: April 2023

Background: Hand Hygiene is one of the preventive measures to reduce the health care-associated infection. Medical students spend significant time in hospital during their clinical training thus they are required to have good awareness and compliance towards hand hygiene.
Aim: To assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practice on hand hygiene among medical students.
Materials & Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted on 290 medical students who were selected through convenience sampling. The scores obtained were categorized into good, moderate and poor. Data analysis was done using Jeffreys’ Amazing Statistics Program.
Result: The study showed that 58.6% of respondents have moderate knowledge towards hand hygiene, 69.3% of respondents have a good attitude towards hand hygiene and 41.4% of respondents have moderate practice towards hand hygiene.
Conclusion: Educational interventions can be implemented to resolve the lack of knowledge and practice of hand hygiene among medical students.

Keywords: KAP, Hand Hygiene, Medical Students, Malaysia
Importance of Physiotherapy in Post Pneumonectomy Renal Transplant Recipient:
A Case Report
Authors: Tripathi Pramudita , Tiwari Bharat
Published: April 2023

Pulmonary mucormycosis is a rare but opportunistic fungal infection that complicates immunosuppressed solid organ transplant recipients. Although antifungal medication is the remedial dependence in management of pulmonary mucormycosis, early surgical intervention provides advantage over medical treatment alone. However, major impairments and complications such as altered pulmonary and physical function induced by surgery are known to occur. We report the case of a 25-year-old male post renal transplantation on immunosuppression who developed invasive pulmonary mucormycosis in right middle and lower lobe. Liposomal Amphotericin B therapy provided insufficient infection control and lesion invaded the adjacent chest wall, ribs and intercostal muscles. After right pneumonectomy combined with anterior chest wall resection, the initial post-operative physiotherapy assessment was carried out. The patient was found to have productive cough, dyspnoea, chest pain, reduced chest expansion and excursion, limited range of motion of shoulder on affected side and limited activities of daily living. Six weeks of inpatient physiotherapy regime was given which included breathing exercises, thoracic mobility exercises, incentive spirometry, active range of motion exercises, positioning, bed mobility and early ambulation. Follow up assessment showed reduced pain intensity and improvement in oxygen saturation, dyspnoea, Timed up and go test (TUG) time, handgrip strength, activities of daily living and quality of life [Short form 36 (SF-36)].

Keywords: Pneumonectomy, Thoracic Surgery, Renal Transplant, Physiotherapy
BAZE UNIVERSITY COMPUTER SCIENCE STUDENTS' PERSPECTIVES ON PEN AND PAPER EXAMS FOR PROGRAMMING, AND DATABASE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Abubakar U. B. , Peter F.
Published: April 2023

Information and communication technology (ICT) is becoming common in various industries, including education. Technology enhances teaching and learning. It aids instructors to do their part as pedagogical environment designers. ICT enables teachers to make their lessons engaging and understandable for students at all levels of educational programs. ICT integration in education is a technologically oriented teaching and learning process that is closely related to the usage of ICT as educational instruments in classrooms. Baze University fully utilizes ICT for both teaching and learning. In addition, the students of the Department of computer science at Baze University are been thoroughly exposed to the theoretical and practical applications of programming languages and constructs. Although anecdotal evidence and some published data suggest that paper-based exams are still frequently utilized in introductory computer programming and design courses, students frequently express a preference for computer-based exams.  At Baze University, students are been examined using the pen-and-paper examination method throughout their study. The research approach was centered on a quantitative research methodology, utilizing focus group sessions for data collection to acquire data from 200 – 300 level students. The purpose of the research is to determine the satisfactory level of students that are been assessed using pen-and-paper exam methods for programming, database, and system design courses at Baze University. The findings of the research show that Baze University students would generally prefer a computer-based exam approach for programming, and database management courses.
Spezialbestimmungen, Schutz behördlicher Massnahmen sowie aussenpolitische Interessen im Fokus
Authors: Annina Keller Daniel Ladanie-Kämpfer und
Published: April 2023

Im Jahr 2022 ergingen zum BGÖ wenige, dafür wiederum interessante und wichtige Urteile. Erneut als umstritten erwiesen sich die angeblichen Spezialbestimmungen zum BGÖ, dieses Mal im Anwendungsbereich des Zollgesetzes und des Revisionsaufsichtsgesetzes. Weiter befassten sich zwei Entscheide mit dem Schutz aussenpolitischer Interessen der Schweiz sowie mit dem Schutz der zielkonformen Durchführung konkreter behördlicher Massnahmen. Im Kontext der Covid-19-Pandemie erging schliesslich ein erstes Urteil zur Ausnahmebestimmung von Art. 7 Abs. 1 Bst. f BGÖ (Gefährdung der wirtschafts-, geld- und währungspolitischen Interessen der Schweiz) im Zusammenhang mit der Beschaffung von Impfstoffen.
Perpetuating the rhombus in traditional Romanian art
Authors: Adascalița-Crigan Lucia , Cazac-Scobioala Viorica
Published: April 2023

The rhombus as an ornamental motif of traditional art can be found both among the signs sewn on popular costumes or in interior textiles, on household objects, and among the shapes found in traditional cuisine. Being a geometrical motif with an archaic symbolic charge, characterized by perpetuity and cosmic sacredness, it was exploited and integrated into all the daily, celebratory and ceremonial circumstances of man. In this context, the objective of the study was directed towards the presentation of the multicriteria interpretation of this motif. On the one hand, the Rhombus carries a special semantic load, varied by the chromatic diversity and by the shapes it takes, and on the other hand, the aim is to record and fix some valuable images of the objects bearing this decorative element. Noted for its wide use, the Rhombus is found in its geometric meaning as a singular element, in ensembles of motifs and geometric compositions integrated with other inscribed motifs, but also in free rendering that involves changes in outline and proportions. Thus, knowing the multiple values of the rhombus allows the revitalization of some compositions from the national folk art and the preservation of this ancient primary ornamental motif, while the aesthetic valences and spiritual interferences will serve as a source of inspiration for today’s folk art creators. The paper presents the results of the study carried out within the State Program 20.8009.0807.17 REVICULT.
Leprosy in the context of medical folklore and magical medicine (ethnocultural aspects)
Authors: Arapu Valentin
Published: April 2023

Leprosy has been known since ancient times, and has been reported in civilizations that have survived from antiquity to the present day. Lepers were treated in a contradictory way, being simultaneously excluded from social life, but also tolerated by certain secular and ecclesiastical institutions. Th e plague terrifi ed the people even though they had never seen a leper alive. Leprosy is considered an ugly disease, „destroying body and soul”, „serious and bad disease of the skin and of the body”, „an evil without cure”, a hideous disease that cripples, disfi gures man until you cannot recognize him. In Romanian folklore, the appearance of leprosy is attributed to curse. According to a legend collected in Ialoveni, Emperor Alexander of Macedon cursed the gypsies with leprosy disease for lying to him, when they declared that they had nothing to pay tribute with, because of poverty, in fact having sumptuous houses, covered with gold. In another folklore source collected in Wallachia, an emperor’s daughter was cured of leprosy by Saint Basil, who used a stew of tobacco fl owers as a remedy. Leprosy has been known since ancient times, and has been reported in civilizations that have survived from antiquity to the present day. Lepers were treated in a contradictory way, being simultaneously excluded from social life, but also tolerated by certain secular and ecclesiastical institutions. Th e plague terrifi ed the people even though they had never seen a leper alive. Leprosy is considered an ugly disease, „destroying body and soul”, „serious and bad disease of the skin”.
Chisalita — the delight from the time of the grandparents
Authors: Babcenco Coralia , Tabunșcic Olga
Published: April 2023

Moldovan cuisine is considered a chosen one considering many aspects of world cuisines. It is the result of synthesizing in time the tastes, ideas and gastronomic customs specifi c to our people. It is special due to the multitude of integrated values, mentioning in this respect the nutritional value, food safety, aesthetics, etc., including the cultural value focused on culinary customs and traditions, but also the attributed semantic ones. Th e value multitude is determined by the heritage marked by the interconnection of traditional gastronomic culture with that of other peoples, with whom our people have come into contact throughout historical evolution. Th e study carried out within the State Program 20.8009.0807.17 REVICULT, in order to revitalize the traditional gastronomy and the interaction with the housewives in the fi eld, allowed the capitalization of a traditional dish known as Chisalita, Chisăliţă a dessert from the sweet memories of childhood reminiscent of grandparents and the beautiful childhood, is prepared in summer from fresh fruits, and in winter from dried fruits. Previous studies show that Chisalita is over 1000 years-old, and meant sour. It is of great interest to prepare the Chiseliţa in diff erent areas of the Republic of Moldova. Th us, it was identifi ed the traditional technology of preparing Chisăliţa with sour cherries, thickened with pasat (ground millet seeds) (years ‘20—’50) in the northern area (v. Rudi, v. Sudarca, Plop, Donduseni district), Chisăliţa with corcodușe (wax cherries) thickened with stripes made of dough (v. Japca, v. Bursuc, v. Salcia, v. Sănătăuca, Floresti district ), in order to be more consistent and “satiating”. Aft er the ‘60s, Chisăliţa, according to the informants, becomes more diverse considering the ingredients used, It was made from diff erent fruits combined and slowly avoiding thickening with ingredients other than fruit, keeping the same viscous consistency, sometimes being sweetened with sugar. In this regard, we present Chisăliţa prepared in summer from apricots (Anenii Noi district) and in winter from dried apples and pears. Th e knowledge of the culinary heritage associated with this traditional dish allows the identifi cation of the traditions of yesteryear, the fi nding of their values, of the gastronomic diversity as elements of tourist attraction but also of the nutritious health of a people.
Effect of Gum Karaya on release pattern of Amoxycillin trihydrate from Encapsulated Matrix-based Formulations
Authors: Roy Biswas Gopa , Bhattacharya Sayantan , Biswas Majee Sutapa
Published: April 2023

Hydrophilic swellable polymers can be well used for the fabrication of matrix formulations. The present investigation aimed to develop controlled release matrix formulations of Amoxicillin trihydrate with different concentration of gum karaya, without changing the other factors. The matrix granules, prepared by wet granulation process were first evaluated for different micrometrics properties like bulk density, tapped density, Hausner’s ratio, Carr’s index. The drug content and swelling behavior were also investigated in granular form. After that the matrix granules were encapsulated in empty gelatin shell. The encapsulated granules of Amoxycillin trihydrate were subjected to dissolution studies. The drug release data were analyzed to interpret the drug release kinetics. The drug release data was fitted in kinetic models of zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas equation. For the formulations with higher concentration of gum karaya, the cumulative percent of drug released versus time plot exhibits curvilinear nature, which suggests that drug release is not dominated by zero order kinetics. The results showed that drug release is much more acquainted with Korsmeyer–Peppas and Higuchi models. The granules with 10-15% of gum karaya reveal the dominance of the highly swollen layer which controls the drug release from the matrix granules.
Comparative Study between some Parameters in Ultrasonography and Renal Scintigraphy in the Evaluation of Hydronephrosis among Iraqi Paediatric patients
Authors: Saad Aldoury Rasha , Yousif Nori Ali , Ahmed Khalid Sarah
Published: April 2023

Hydronephrosis describes a urinary tract abnormality where hydrostatic dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces exists and considered as a hallmark for obstruction to urine flow downstream. Detecting the pathologic hydronephrosis cases along with the cause using the least invasive techniques is a matter of interest since ages especially in pediatric community. In the Iraqi healthcare practice, many cases are referred for advanced urology imaging tests without clear rational. This study aims to evaluate the rational of referring hydronephrosis pediatric cases to renal scintigraphy studies by comparing the results with the ultrasonography using particular parameters. A cross-sectional observational study involved prospective measurement of a number of variables via two main radiology techniques; sonography and scintigraphy was carried on in Baghdad, Iraq. Classical US and dynamic renal MAG-3 were performed on the same day for each of 35 children aged between 1-5 years presumed or suspected to have obstructive type of hydronephrosis by earlier US work-up. Results revealed a clear statistical significance between normal differential renal function and the good quality of renal drainage of Mag-3 test with the undilated PCS category (p-value 0.028) when measured by our team using the sonography technique. Other results of the calyceal dimension (CD) and the parenchymal thickness (PT) have failed to obtain a statistical significant difference when compared with the categories of the three variables of MAG-3. This study supports the inference of assessing renal function based on sensitive parameters of evolutionary sonography. Each radiologist/nephrologist/urologist should evaluate the measurement of reliable parameters of sonography especially the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvicalyceal system (APD of PCS) at the hilum area and the parenchymal thickness (PT) in millimeters and set the pediatric patient for logical follow-up before recommending the dynamic scintigraphy tests.
GC-MS Analysis of Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) W.T. Aiton Root Hydro-Alcoholic Extract
Authors: Kumar Vaishnaw Sunil , Sharma Neeraj , Laware Ravindra
Published: April 2023

Ichnocarpus frutescens (Apocynaceae) are generally known as Krishn sariva in Hindi, Kali Sariva in Sanskrit, a large, evergreen, red woody climber, native to India, Java, China, Ceylon, South Asia, Northern, Australia and found in ascending to an altitude of 4000 ft. Different tribes of India are used this plant as a substitute for Indian Sarsaparilla (Hemidesmus Indicus) it has been used conventionally in diverse ailments of human beings that is headache, wound, fever, tongue, ulcers, cramps, night blindness, stomach pain, bone, fracture, skin infection, diabetes, liver disorder, as an alternative, tonic, diuretic and diaphoretic, Pharmacologically plant shows Antiobesity, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, skeletal muscle relaxant, hepatoprotective, antitumor. The present study has aimed to identify the Phyto-substance present in Ichnocarpus frutescens using GC-MS analysis. The root part was extracted by maceration in which we have taken 70% Ethyl alcohol and 30% of distilled water. The phyto-components of Hydroalcoholic extract were identified by GC-MS investigation and eight were identified by GC-MS investigation and found eight numbers of phyto-components. Phyto- constituents of the extracts were D-Ribo-Hexose, 2, 6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-, Diethyl Phthalate, Desulphosingrin, 3-O-Methyl-d-glucose, d-Mannose, Ethyl Oleate, Hexadecanoic acid, 2 Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester, Octadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(Hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester. This study is the major characterization of the phyto-components of plant data that indicates the hydro-alcoholic extract has remarkable activities.
The Effect of Cassava-Dried Shrimp Crackers on Urine Protein in Maternity Hypertension in Maros District Health Center
Authors: Nurlinda Andi
Published: April 2023

Maternal Mortality Rate is a serious world health problem. According to the World Health Organization in 2017 around 295,000 women died and after pregnancy and childbirth in 2018 increased to 830,000. The main cause of maternal death is preeclampsia, therefore hypertension and urine protein as causes of preeclampsia need to be controlled. Research has shown that certain nutrients can improve blood pressure and urine protein. The research objective was to analyze the effect of cassava cracker consumption on urine protein in maternity hypertension. This type of research used quasi-experimental and the populations in this study were all Maternities at Cenrana and Tompobulu Health Center. The sample was 15 pregnant women at Puskesmas Cenrana as an experimental group and 15 pregnant women at Tompobulu health center as a control group. The results of the paired t test showed that the consumption of ebi cassava crackers at fourth’s week had a significant effect on changes in urine protein in pregnant women in intervention group with a value of p> α 0.05 = 0.008, while in the control group there was no effect with a value of p> α 0, 05 = 0.250. It was concluded that consumption of ebi cassava crackers during four weeks changed the urine protein from positive to negative. Hopely, every hypertensive pregnant woman consumes cassava crackers to prevent positive urine protein.
White Blood Cell and Platelet Counts as Simple and Inexpensive Markers for Determination the Metabolic Syndrome among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hasan Bailasan , Asaad Remal
Published: April 2023

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a rapidly growing public health problem worldwide and is significantly associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. Increased visceral adiposity activates a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, oxidative stress, and blood coagulation. This study aimed to investigate the association of both white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts, as inflammatory markers, with the presence and severity of MetS among T2DM patients.. The study was conducted on 117 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) seen at Tishreen University Hospital (TUH) and Diabetes Center of Lattakia city in Syria. MetS was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). The results showed a statistically significant increase in platelet counts in MetS patients compared to patients without MetS, and a statistically significant increase in WBC counts with increasing MetS components. There was a significant association between platelet counts and body mass index (BMI) (P=0.013), triglycerides levels (P=0.02), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) (P=0.041). In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that high counts of WBCs and Platelets are associated with the prevalence and severity of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS).
Formulation and Evaluation of Phyto-phospholipid complex of Methanolic Extract of leaves of Andrographis paniculate
Authors: Saini Vandana , Bala Rajni , Arora Sandeep
Published: April 2023

Andrographis paniculata is widely used plant in Southeast Asia, China and India as a healthy food, it contains andrographolide as a pharmacologically active constituent isolated from leaves and roots of Andrographis paniculata and has got wide therapeutic potential including anti-inflammatory, antiviral and hepatoprotective activity but its bioavailability is limited due to its poor solubility, rapid clearance rate and high plasma protein binding. Several attempts involving formulation of liposomes, noisome, nanoparticles, micro emulsions and solid lipid nanoparticle have been done to perk up its solubility and hence bioavailability. The aim of the proposed work is to formulate Phytosomes of methanolic extract of leaves of Andrographis paniculate. The Phytosomes were formulated using thin film hydration technique with varying molar ratios of phospholipid and extract of leaves of Andrographis paniculate. Formulated Phytosomes were characterized for particle size and size distribution, entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release characteristics, scanning electron microscopy and FTIR analysis.
In silico Analysis of Anticancer Curcumin and its Metabolites in increasing the effectiveness of Paclitaxel
Authors: Ika Nainggolan Sarah , Rajuddin Rajuddin , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Keumalazia Reno , Hambal Muhammad , Frengki Frengki
Published: April 2023

Curcuminoids are widely known to have biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritis and anticancer. Even the use of curcumin has reached the first stage of clinical trials in overcoming a number of cancers. Interestingly, a number of curcumin metabolites also have anticancer effects that are equivalent to or even better than curcumin through a series of preclinical tests, but the description of their molecular interactions is still very limited so that in silico evidence is needed. QSAR and Molecular Docking were used as test methods using MOE 2008 software version 10. The research material was a 3D structure of curcumin derivative for QSAR analysis and curcumin metabolites for molecular docking analysis. Receptors downloaded from www.rscb.org include the 3D structure of MAPK, Akt, MDM2, NFkB, Cox-2, and VEGF, while the 3D structure of “human tubulin -1” was obtained from modeling. The QSAR results show that the anticancer activity of curcumin metabolites is stronger than curcumin except for dihydrocurcumin. The docking results also show that curcumin metabolites have the same affinity, even stronger than curcumin and control receptors with docking scores between 10-16kcal/mol. Curcumin and its metabolites were also able to increase the affinity of paclitaxel to the "human tubulin -1" receptor model as the target of paclitaxel's action which was characterized by an increase in the post-combination paclitaxel decking score. This study shows that curcumin is very suitable to be used as an anticancer because not only curcumin, but its metabolites also show better anticancer abilities.
A new stability indicating RP-UFLC method for the quantification of Gemifloxacin tablets using an ion pairing agent
Authors: Eluru Jajili , Mathrusri Annapurna Mukthinuthalapati
Published: April 2023

Gemifloxacin is a new broad-spectrum quinolone antibacterial with activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. A new stability indicating RP-UFLC method was proposed for the estimation of Gemifloxacin in pharmaceutical dosage forms (tablets). Shimadzu Model CBM-20A/20 Alite UFLC system with PDA detector and Zorbox C18 column were used for the chromatographic study. Mobile phase mixture consisting of Tetra butyl ammonium hydrogen sulphate and Acetonitrile in the ratio 68: 32, v/v with a flow rate 0.8 mL/min was chosen for the chromatographic elution of Gemifloxacin (Detection wavelength 273 nm). The method was linear over the concentration range 0.02-200 mg/ml with linear regression equation, y = 207068x + 19935 (R² = 0.9999). The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.0553 mg/ml and 0.1693 respectively. Forced degradation studies were performed and the method was validated as per ICH guidelines.
Yüksek Denetim Sürecinin Güçlendirilmesi: Katılımcılık Esaslı Denetim
Authors: EROĞLU Abdulkerim
Published: April 2023

Vatandaşların kamu yönetiminde etkin bir rol almasına imkân sağlayan katılımcılık anlayışı 1970’li yıllardan itibaren birçok kamu kurumunun dikkatini çekmeye başlamıştır. 2000’li yıllardan itibaren de yüksek denetim kurumlarında (YDK’larda) katılımcılığın sağlanmasına yönelik politika önerileri geliştirilmiş ve sınırlı düzeyde uygulamalar yürürlüğe sokulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, birçok fonksiyonun yanında, kamu fonlarını kullanma yetkisini alan yürütmenin denetlenmesi gibi önemli bir görevi yerine getiren YDK’lardan katılımcılık esasını benimseyen ülke örneklerinin incelenmesidir. Bu ülkeler incelenirken sadece hukuki mevzuatlarıyla sınırlı kalınmamış, bununla birlikte uluslararası kuruluşların ilgili raporları da dikkate alınmıştır. 2000’li yıllardan itibaren uygulamaya sokulan düzenlemeler incelendiğinde; katılım düzeyinin ve katılım odağının ülkeler arasında farklılık arz ettiği, bazı ülkelerde ise katılımcılık esaslı denetim etkinliğinin farklı uygulamalar nedeniyle azaltıldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Ground Down and Locked in a Paperweight: Toward a Critical Psychology of Caste-Based Humiliation
Authors: Jogdand Yashpal
Published: April 2023

Psychology limits the scope of raising questions important in the caste context. While psychology focuses on why and how people feel humiliated, the question in the caste context is why and how people do not feel humiliated despite incessant and gratuitous attacks on their dignity and self-worth. This article argues that psychology needs to adopt a critical orientation to address the experience of caste-based humiliation. The anticaste perspective of B. R. Ambedkar provides a critical orientation and psychological insights to build a meaningful psychology of caste-based humiliation. Ambedkar rejected individualist, essentialized notions of human self and emphasized the dimension of intergroup emotions to understand caste relations. I develop this argument by analyzing the experience, impact, and resistance to caste-based humiliation among Dalits. I describe caste-based humiliation in extreme (caste atrocities) and less extreme (caste microaggressions) forms and show that the experience of caste-based humiliation is pervasive, direct, but also vicarious. I then examine the psychological impact of caste-based humiliation on the health, social vitality, and appraisal process among Dalits. I show that a caste-ridden context makes it difficult to interpret humiliation and affects Dalit life narratives through retrospective feelings of humiliation. Finally, I consider the issue of resistance to humiliation and show that mere appraisal of humiliation could also be a form of resistance. The article concludes with an emphasis on exploring the scope of psychological resistance to caste-based humiliation through individual and collective acts of meaning that interpret and transform a humiliating existence.
Violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes: cenário e agressores
Authors: Monteiro Denise Leite Maia , Taquette Stella Regina , Araújo Amanda Rodrigues de , Lira Carollyne da Silva , Araújo Elaine da Silva Pires , Rodrigues Nádia Cristina Pinheiro
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A violência sexual é definida como qualquer tipo de atividade de natureza erótica ou sexual que desrespeite o direito de escolha de um dos envolvidos ou em que haja aproveitamento de situação de vulnerabilidade. É reconhecidamente uma violação dos direitos humanos e sexuais. Ocorre com maior frequência entre crianças e adolescentes, especialmente do sexo feminino, gerando prejuízos físicos e mentais que podem persistir por toda a vida. Objetivo: Descrever o cenário da agressão sexual, o(s) responsável/is pela violência e o uso de força. Materiais e métodos: Estudo transversal, que incluiu crianças e adolescentes do sexo feminino, de zero a 19 anos, atendidas no ambulatório do Centro de Assistência Multiprofissional à Violência Sexual (CAMVIS) do Hospital Geral de Nova Iguaçu. Os dados obtidos foram extraídos de boletins de atendimento emergencial e prontuários do ambulatório do período de 2014 a 2018, totalizando 453 vítimas. Para a análise da idade quando da ocorrência da violência, dividiu-se o grupo em: até 13 anos de idade e de 14 a 19 anos. As variáveis analisadas foram local de ocorrência, número de agressores envolvidos, vínculo do agressor e emprego de força/ameaça. O processo de entrada e análise estatística dos dados foi realizado por meio do Programa EPI-INFO 3.5.4. Resultados: Das 453 crianças e adolescentes atendidas, 264 (58,3%) eram <14 anos e 189 (41,7%) tinham 14–19 anos. Quanto à raça, 78% eram negras em ambos os grupos. Nas meninas de até 13 anos, em geral, os abusos ocorreram em casa (73,2%), perpetrados por um único agressor (91%) conhecido da vítima (91,2%), sendo em 31,1% dos casos o pai ou padrasto e em 39,1% um amigo/conhecido, e foi negado o emprego de agressão física e/ou verbal em 53,1% dos episódios. Já nas jovens de 14 anos ou mais, 84,1% dos estupros aconteceram nas ruas, praticados por agressor único (74,8%), desconhecido em mais da metade dos casos (57,8%) e com emprego de força física e/ou ameaça verbal em 91,2% deles. O estudo mostrou que as vítimas <14 anos têm 14 vezes mais chances de sofrer a agressão no meio familiar (p<0,001; odds ratio — OR=14,3 [8,2–25,6]), 16 vezes mais chances de serem agredidas por indivíduos conhecidos (p<0,001; OR=16,2 [9,2–29,8]) e, quanto mais novas, menor a probabilidade de emprego de força durante o ato abusivo (p<0,001; OR=0,09 [0,04–0,18]). Por outro lado, ter mais de 14 anos triplica a chance de ser abusada por mais de um agressor (p<0,001; OR=3,3 [1,8–6,1]). Conclusão: As meninas abaixo de 14 anos são as que se encontram em maior situação de vulnerabilidade para a violência sexual.
A influência da raça nos desfechos obstétricos
Authors: Luiz Laura , Born Beatriz Heloisa , Bertoli Camila Bollmann , Baggenstoss Marina Zambonato , Silva Jean Carl
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A raça pode contribuir para diferentes riscos à saúde ao interagir com outros componentes sociais, como vulnerabilidade econômica. Sendo assim, é necessário considerar a inserção social adversa e a predisposição biológica da população negra no Brasil, visto que elas mostram ser agravantes nas condições de saúde desses indivíduos. Negros e brancos apresentam grandes disparidades quanto às condições socioeconômicas, demográficas e indicadores de saúde, o que demonstra a necessidade de trabalhos que investiguem tais desfechos obstétricos. Objetivos: Analisar e, se possível, comprovar fatores que contribuem para desfechos obstétricos desfavoráveis entre as gestantes negras. Esperamos, assim, demonstrar a predominância da questão biológica das raças como fator de risco para os desfechos gestacionais e suas implicações. Materiais e métodos: A metodologia empregada foi realizada em cinco etapas, seguindo o rigor metodológico para garantir a reprodutibilidade das informações encontradas. Na primeira etapa da pesquisa, incluímos o problema de pesquisa por meio do método patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) e definimos as palavras-chaves, das quais algumas não indexadas foram utilizadas. Na etapa II, definimos o esquema booleano e a elegibilidade dos artigos, como presença dos idiomas português e inglês e ter no máximo dez anos de publicação. Além disso, procuramos nos artigos as características socioeconômicas, disparidades raciais, resultados da gravidez e predisposição genética das gestantes. Na etapa III, definimos os sítios de busca, os portais Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed). Na etapa IV, foi realizada a seleção dos artigos nos portais. Por fim, na etapa V, foram analisados os resultados pelo uso de planilhas, de modo a gerar os resultados e a discussão do artigo. Resultados e conclusão: Pela análise dos estudos selecionados para a execução do artigo de revisão, constata-se que há disparidades raciais entre as gestações. As gestantes negras são mais propensas a ter ganho de peso inadequado e a desenvolver hipertensão e diabetes gestacional. Acredita-se que os altos índices de resultados adversos de gravidezes de mulheres negras, como a prevalência do parto prematuro, baixo peso ao nascer e a restrição do crescimento intrauterino, têm suas raízes nos comportamentos de saúde materna, na genética e no acesso e qualidade dos cuidados de saúde. Entretanto, entre essas causas, verificam-se questões muito mais socioeconômicas, como a pobreza e o baixo nível de escolaridade materna apresentados pela etnia negra como consequência do contexto social de escravidão em que foram inseridos anos atrás. Conclui-se, dessa forma, que as questões socioeconômicas são predominantes às de predisposição genética nos desfechos obstétricos desfavoráveis observados nas mulheres negras, mostrando como as disparidades econômicas interferem na assistência à saúde.
Coriocarcinoma — um diagnóstico complexo: relato de um caso
Authors: Brito Patrícia Leite , Torres Bruna Soares , Lima Bruna Mara Bessa , Kabuki Patricia Burgos Monteiro , Castro Luís Alexandre Lira de
Published: April 2023

Introdução: O coriocarcinoma é a condição maligna entre as doenças trofoblásticas gestacionais e pode ocorrer após qualquer forma de gravidez. É uma neoplasia epitelial pura, compreendendo trofoblasto neoplásico no trofoblasto intermediário, no citotrofoblasto e no sinciciotrofoblasto. A atipia citológica é muito comum e a maioria dos casos apresenta contagens mitóticas elevadas. Necrose central e hemorragia são frequentemente observadas e a invasão miometrial profunda é comum e pode levar à perfuração uterina. Relato de caso: Paciente G1P1A0, do interior, de 29 anos de idade, realizou curetagem uterina em outubro de 2020 em razão de sangramento uterino intenso, com resultado histopatológico de mola hidatiforme. Em outubro de 2021 apresentou novo episódio de sangramento intenso e anemia, beta gonadotrofina coriônica humana (B-HCG) de 40 mil e imagem ultrassonográfica sugestiva de mola. A paciente foi encaminhada para a capital, onde foi transfundida e submetida a um novo esvaziamento uterino. Após sete dias, os níveis de B-HCG, CEA e CA-125 mantinham-se elevados e a ultrassonografia demonstrava novamente conteúdo heterogêneo na cavidade uterina. A tomografia computadorizada de tórax apresentou presença de nódulos pulmonares bilaterais de tamanhos variados. A paciente foi encaminhada ao serviço de oncologia com resultado histopatológico de coriocarcinoma, para estadiamento e tratamento adequado iniciando o protocolo de quimioterapia, porém foi a óbito após 30 dias. Conclusão: O coriocarcinoma é uma patologia grave, de evolução agressiva e alta letalidade. A falta de condutas e implementação de rotinas em pacientes com baixa acessibilidade na assistência primária dificulta o rastreio e o diagnóstico rápido e efetivo da doença, colocando em sério risco a vida dessas mulheres. Saber identificar os sinais e sintomas de forma rápida aumenta a taxa de cura e melhora o prognóstico. É importante, portanto, que os profissionais estejam atentos para essa patologia, considerando seus sinais de alerta.
Dengue grave e gestação: um relato de caso
Authors: Monteiro Jorge Vinícius Leocádio , Pires Patricia Lacerda , Matos Gabriel Cheles Nascimento , Silva Jéssica do Nascimento , Silva Letícia Gilvana do Nascimento , Simões Maria da Conceição Ribeiro
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A dengue é uma doença viral, causada pelo mosquito fêmea do Aedes aegypti. Entretanto, a ocorrência da doença durante o período gestacional é uma das mais preocupantes em vista das complicações que podem ocorrer. Dessa forma, casos de gestante com aumento da chance de sangramento, aumento da pressão arterial e morte fetal são comuns de acontecer. No Brasil, houve elevação de mais de 43,9% dos casos de dengue em geral, de modo que abordar esse tema é ressaltar a importância do diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 41 anos de idade, G4P2 (duas cesáreas) A1, sendo esses partos prematuros, foi encaminhada da cidade de origem para a emergência obstétrica por apresentar quadro de dispneia havia seis dias, petéquias, febre não aferida, náuseas e dor abdominal na região superior. Os exames laboratoriais revelaram anemia, plaquetopenia (<10.000/mm3), alterações das transaminases hepáticas, aumento de lactato desidrogenase e bilirrubinas total e frações, além da sorologia positiva para dengue. Diante do quadro e da instabilidade clínica, a paciente foi encaminhada para unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI), na qual foi realizada uma ultrassonografia de abdome total e obstétrico que indicou óbito fetal. Pela iteratividade, foi indicada cesárea, com necessidade de transfusão de plaquetas e administração de antibioticoterapia profilática com metronidazol, gentamicina e ampicilina. A paciente evoluiu de forma satisfatória, estável hemodinamicamente, com melhora da plaquetopenia, seguiu com acompanhamento diário com psicóloga e obteve alta da UTI, mas aos cuidados da ginecologista e obstetrícia. Conclusão: Diante do caso clínico relatado, o diagnóstico de dengue grave é, primordialmente, clínico e laboratorial, e sua evolução tende a seguir um padrão, uma vez que a paciente pode apresentar manifestações: petéquias, dispneia, alteração de pressão e dor abdominal persistente. Assim, a confirmação da infecção deve ser feita por exames sorológicos, do tipo enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), teste de hemoaglutinação e hemograma. Logo, essa análise deve ser seriada, ao verificar as variações do hematócrito e da plaquetometria, para realizar a notificação de um caso grave, oferecer suporte clínico e, posteriormente, encaminhar para maternidade de alto risco. Nesse sentido, nota-se que a dengue grave é um fator preponderante para a ocorrência de partos prematuros ou abortos, em virtude da interferência na coagulação sanguínea e do descolamento prematuro da placenta, o que gera, em muitos casos, a realização urgente de uma cesariana, com utilização de antibióticos profiláticos associados à transfusão de plaquetas. Por causa disso, constata-se que a dengue grave em gestantes deve ser confirmada de maneira precoce por meio da correlação da avaliação clínica e laboratorial para a redução dos riscos no período gestacional.