bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermo diffusion impacts on the flow of second grade fluid with application of (ABC), (CF) and (CPC) subject to exponential heating
Authors: Rehman Aziz Ur , Riaz Muhammad Bilal , Wojciechowski Adam
Published: November 2022

The aim of this article is to investigate the exact solution by using a new approach for the thermal transport phenomena of second grade fluid flow under the impact of MHD along with exponential heating as well as Darcy’s law. The phenomenon has been expressed in terms of partial differential equations, then transformed the governing equations in non-dimentional form. For the sake of better rheology of second grade fluid, developed a fractional model by applying the new definition of Constant Proportional-Caputo hybrid derivative (CPC), Atangana Baleanu in Caputo sense (ABC) and Caputo Fabrizio (CF) fractional derivative operators that describe the generalized memory effects. For seeking exact solutions in terms of Mittag-Leffler and G-functions for velocity, temperature and concentration equations, Laplace integral transformation technique is applied. For physical significance of various system parameters on fluid velocity, concentration and temperature distributions are demonstrated through various graphs by using graphical software. Furthermore, for being validated the acquired solutions, accomplished a comparative analysis with some published work. It is also analyzed that for exponential heating and non-uniform velocity conditions, the CPC fractional operator is the finest fractional model to describe the memory effect of velocity, energy and concentration profile. Moreover, the graphical representations of the analytical solutions illustrated the main results of the present work. Also, in the literature, it is observed that to derived analytical results from fractional fluid models developed by the various fractional operators, is difficult and this article contributing to answer the open problem of obtaining analytical solutions the fractionalized fluid models.
Characterization of collagen response to bone fracture healing using polarization-SHG
Authors: Nair Anupama , Chuang Shu-Chun , Lin Yi-Shan , Chen Chung-Hwan , Fang Ting-Chen , Chiu Hsiao-Chi , Lien Chi-Hsiang , Chen Shean-Jen
Published: November 2022

In this study, we extend on the three parameter analysis approach of utilizing a noninvasive dual-liquid–crystal-based polarization-resolved second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy to facilitate the quantitative characterization of collagen types I and II in fracture healing tissues. The SHG images under various linear and circular polarization states are analyzed and quantified in terms of the peptide pitch angle (PA), SHG-circular dichroism (CD), and anisotropy parameter (AP). The results show that the collagen PA has a value of 49.26° after 2 weeks of fracture healing (collagen type II domination) and 49.05° after 4 weeks (collagen type I domination). Moreover, the SHG-CD and AP values of the different collagen types differ by 0.05. The change tendencies of the extracted PA, SHG-CD, and AP parameters over the healing time are consistent with the collagen properties of healthy nonfractured bone. Thus, the feasibility of the proposed dual-liquid–crystal-based polarization-SHG method for differentiating between collagen types I and II in bone fracture healing tissue is confirmed.
Differential expression of immune-regulatory proteins C5AR1, CLEC4A and NLRP3 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Pakvisal Nussara , Kongkavitoon Pornrat , Sathitruangsak Chirawadee , Pornpattanarak Nopporn , Boonsirikamchai Piyaporn , Ouwongprayoon Pongsakorn , Aporntewan Chatchawit , Chantranuwatana Poonchavist , Mutirangura Apiwat , Vinayanuwattikun Chanida
Published: November 2022

Changes in gene expression profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) appear to represent the host’s response to the cancer cells via paracrine signaling. We speculated that protein expression on circulating T-lymphocytes represent T-lymphocyte trafficking before infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. The possibility of using protein expression on circulating T-lymphocytes as a biomarker to discriminate early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was explored. Four independent PBMC gene expression microarray datasets (GSE12771, GSE13255, GSE20189 and GSE3934) were analyzed. We selected C5AR1, CLEC4A and NLRP3 based on their significant protein expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, but not in normal lymphoid tissue. A validation study using automated flow cytometry was conducted in 141 study participants including 76 treatment-naive early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC), 12 individuals with non-malignant pulmonary diseases, and 53 healthy individuals. Median ratios of C5AR1, CLEC4A and NLRP3 specific antibody staining to CD3 positive cells in early-stage NSCLC patients compared to healthy controls were 0.014 [0–0.37] vs. 0.01 [0–0.07,p = 0.13], 0.03 [0–0.87] vs. 0.02 [0–0.13,p = 0.10] and 0.19 [0–0.60] vs. 0.09 [0.02–0.31,p < 0.0001], respectively. Median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD3+C5AR1+, CD3+CLEC4A+and CD3+NLRP3+expression in early-stage NSCLC patients compared to healthy volunteers was 185 [64.2–4801] vs. 107.5 [27–229,p < 0.0001], 91.2 [42.4–2355] vs. 71.25 [46.2–103,p = 0.0005], and 1585 [478–5224] vs. 758.5 [318–1976,p < 0.0001], respectively. NLRP3:CD3 ratio, CD3+C5AR1+, CD3+CLEC4A+and CD3+NLRP3+MFI were significantly higher in early-stage NSCLC than healthy volunteers with an area under the ROC curve of 0.69–0.76. The CD3+NLRP3+MFI provided the most distinguishable expression at 71.5% sensitivity and 70% specificity. Furthermore, CD3+NLRP3+MFI potentially discriminated between early-stage NSCLC from malignant-mimic inflammation and infection pulmonary disease. Further validation in various pulmonary inflammatory disease might be warranted. Our proof-of-principle findings strengthen the hypothesis that malignancies generate distinctive protein expression fingerprints on circulating T-lymphocytes.
An innovative approach for the evaluation of prolonged disorders of consciousness using NF-L and GFAP biomarkers: a pivotal study
Authors: Coppola L. , Mirabelli P. , Baldi D. , Smaldone G. , Estraneo A. , Soddu A. , Grimaldi A. M. , Mele G. , Salvatore Marco , Cavaliere Carlo
Published: November 2022

Behavioral assessments during the clinical evaluation in prolonged disorders of consciousness patients could be not sufficient for a correct diagnosis and prognostication. To this aim, we used an innovative approach, involving the ultra-sensitive determination of biological markers, correlating them with imaging parameters to investigate the prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDoC).We assessed the serum concentration of neurofilament light chain(NF-L) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in pDoC (n = 16), and healthy controls (HC, n = 6) as well as several clinical imaging parameters such as Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Whole Brain SUV, and White Matter Hyperintensities volumes (WMH) using PET-MRI acquisition. As for differential diagnosis task, only the imaging WMH volume was able to discriminate between vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS), and minimally conscious state (MCS) patients (p-value < 0.01), while all selected markers (both imaging and in vitro) were able to differentiate between pDoC patients and HC. At subject level, serum NF-L concentrations significantly differ according to clinical progression and consciousness recovery (p-value < 0.01), highlighting a potential play for the longitudinal management of these patients.
Facile synthesis of polyoxometalate supported on magnetic graphene oxide as a hybrid catalyst for efficient oxidation of aldehydes
Authors: Zarnegaryan Ali
Published: November 2022

In the present study, Anderson-type polyoxometalate [N(C4H9)4] [FeMo6O18(OH)6] (FeMo6) was immobilized on amino-modified magnetic graphene oxide and employed as a new hybrid catalyst in oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. The synthesized hybrid catalyst Fe3O4/GO/[FeMo6] was characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopies (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), energy-dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), Raman spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results indicated that our catalyst was quite active in oxidizing the aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The synthesized catalyst can be easily separated from the reaction medium and reused for six consecutive runs without a significant reduction in reaction efficiency.
A closed form shape function describing 3D settlement field around a deep excavation in sand
Authors: Russo Gianpiero , Nicotera Marco Valerio
Published: November 2022

Soil movements produced around deep excavations are one of the main issues to be addressed during design and construction of underground structures in urban environment. Several methods to predict ground movements are currently available. Semi-empirical methods correlate displacements and simple geometrical features of the excavation; these methods predict separately transversal and longitudinal settlement troughs or at least provide a conservative envelope of them and they are mainly based on empirical data of excavations in clay. Numerical methods based on the solutions of FEM or DFM models usually provide prediction of the green field subsidence. In this paper existing 2D semi-empirical methods are first shortly reviewed. Some of these methods are then modified and combined into a new 3D analytical description of the subsidence trough around a deep excavation. The proposed two variable subsidence function depends on several parameters: four independent parameters defining the overall shape and the maximum settlement acting as a scale parameter. Settlement fields reproduced by a 3D FEM nonlinear parametric study of deep excavations inspired by real case studies are thus presented and discussed. The newly proposed 3D analytical description is applied to fit the FEM results and some fundamental relationships among geometrical features of the excavation pit and the 3D shape function parameters are identified. These relationships are validated via the application to three case studies of deep excavations in sand where the subsidence was controlled by the deformation of the retaining structures finding a satisfactory and encouraging agreement.
Antibiotic properties of Satureja montana L. hydrolate in bacteria and fungus of clinical interest and its impact in non-target environmental microorganisms
Authors: Pino-Otín María Rosa , Gan Cristina , Terrado Eva , Sanz María Angeles , Ballestero Diego , Langa Elisa
Published: November 2022

The aim of this study was to analyse the microbicidal and microbiostatic activity of S. montana hydrolate L., the water-soluble fraction of the hydro-distillation process used to obtain the essential oil, on 14 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungus of clinical interest. To consider whether this hydrolate is a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional antibiotics, its effect on non-target microorganisms in the aquatic and terrestrial environment was analysed using natural soil and river microorganism communities, characterized through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results showed that S. montana hydrolate was especially effective (25% v/v concentration) against Pasteurella aerogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and Acinetobacter baumannii (priority 1, WHO). It was also a microbicide for a further 7 bacterial strains and the fungus Candida albicans (50% v/v concentration). The river and soil communities exposed to the hydrolate showed a decrease in their growth, as well as a decrease in their ability to metabolize polymers and carbohydrates (soil microorganisms) and polymers, carboxylic and ketone acids (river microorganisms). Hydrolates could be an alternative to conventional antibiotics, but their impact on the environment must be taken into account.
Secure secondary utilization system of genomic data using quantum secure cloud
Authors: Fujiwara Mikio , Hashimoto Hiroki , Doi Kazuaki , Kujiraoka Mamiko , Tanizawa Yoshimichi , Ishida Yusuke , Sasaki Masahide , Nagasaki Masao
Published: November 2022

Secure storage and secondary use of individual human genome data is increasingly important for genome research and personalized medicine. Currently, it is necessary to store the whole genome sequencing information (FASTQ data), which enables detections of de novo mutations and structural variations in the analysis of hereditary diseases and cancer. Furthermore, bioinformatics tools to analyze FASTQ data are frequently updated to improve the precision and recall of detected variants. However, existing secure secondary use of data, such as multi-party computation or homomorphic encryption, can handle only a limited algorithms and usually requires huge computational resources. Here, we developed a high-performance one-stop system for large-scale genome data analysis with secure secondary use of the data by the data owner and multiple users with different levels of data access control. Our quantum secure cloud system is a distributed secure genomic data analysis system (DSGD) with a “trusted server” built on a quantum secure cloud, the information-theoretically secure Tokyo QKD Network. The trusted server will be capable of deploying and running a variety of sequencing analysis hardware, such as GPUs and FPGAs, as well as CPU-based software. We demonstrated that DSGD achieved comparable throughput with and without encryption on the trusted server Therefore, our system is ready to be installed at research institutes and hospitals that make diagnoses based on whole genome sequencing on a daily basis.
Ultrasound performance using the EU-TIRADS score in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer in Congolese hospitals
Authors: Bukasa-Kakamba John , Bayauli Pascal , Sabbah Nadia , Bidingija Joseph , Atoot Ali , Mbunga Branly , Nkodila Aliocha , Atoot Adam , Bangolo Ayrton Ilolo , M’Buyamba-Kabangu Jean Rene
Published: November 2022

The thyroid imaging reporting and data systems by the European Thyroid Association (EU-TIRADS) has been widely used in malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules. However, there is a paucity of data in developing countries, especially in Africa, to validate the use of this scoring system. The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of the EU-TIRADS score in Congolese hospitals, using pathological examination after surgery as the gold standard in Congolese hospitals. This retrospective and analytical study examined clinical, ultrasound and pathological data of 549 patients aged 45 ± 14 years, including 468 females (85.2%), operated for thyroid nodule between January 2005 and January 2019. In the present study, only the highest graded nodule according to the EU-TIRADS score in each patient was taken into account for the statistical analyses. So 549 nodules were considered. Nodules classified EU-TIRADS 2 and 3 on the one hand, and, on the other hand, 4 and 5, were considered respectively at low and high risk of malignancy. The sensitivity and specificity of the EU-TIRADS score were calculated. The significance level was set at 5%. Of all patients, 21.7% had malignant nodules. They made 48.4% of the nodules in patients younger than and at 20 years old, and 31.1% in those aged 60 or over. Malignant nodules were more frequent in men than in women (30.9% vs. 20.1%; p = 0.024). Papillary carcinoma (67.2%) and follicular carcinoma (21.8%) were the main types. The malignancy rate was 39.7% and 1.5% among nodules rated EU-TIRADS 4 and 5, and those with EU-TIRADS score 2 and 3, respectively (p < 0.001). The EU-TIRADS score had a sensitivity of 96.6% and a specificity of 59.3%. The ROC curve indicated an area under the curve of 0.862. In a low-income country, a well performed thyroid ultrasound, using the EU-TIRADS score, could be an important tool in the selection of thyroid nodules suspected of malignancy and requiring histopathological examination in the Congolese hospital setting.

Trial registration: The research protocol had obtained the favorable opinion of the DRC national health ethics committee no. 197/CNES/BN/PMMF/2020. The data was collected and analyzed anonymously.
Optimization of oviposition trap settings to monitor populations of Aedes mosquitoes, vectors of arboviruses in La Reunion
Authors: Brouazin Ronan , Claudel Iris , Lancelot Renaud , Dupuy Guillaume , Gouagna Louis-Clément , Dupraz Marlène , Baldet Thierry , Bouyer Jérémy
Published: November 2022

Several dengue epidemics recently occurred in La Reunion, an island harboring two dengue viruses (DVs) vectors: Aedes albopictus, and Ae. aegypti, the former being the main local DV vector. Aedes aegypti shows a peculiar ecology, compared to other tropical populations of the same species. This study aimed to provide researchers and public-health users with locally validated oviposition traps (ovitraps) to monitor Aedes populations. A field experiment was performed in Saint-Joseph to assess the effect of different settings on the detection probability and apparent density of Aedes mosquitoes. Black plastic ovitraps were identified as the best choice. Vacoa trees (Pandanus utilis) were the only observed breeding sites for Ae. aegypti, shared with Ae. albopictus. They were the experimental units in a Latin square design with three factors: trap position in the trees (ground vs canopy), oviposition surface in the trap (blotting paper vs. vacoa leaf), and addition of organic matter to the trap water. The latter factor was found unimportant. On the ground, Ae. aegypti eggs were only found with vacoa leaves as the oviposition surface. Their detection and apparent density increased when ovitraps were located in the tree canopy. The main factor for Ae. albopictus was the oviposition surface, with a preference for blotting paper. In all trap settings, their detection was close to 100%. Larval survival was lower for a high egg density, combined with blotting paper as the oviposition surface. When monitoring mixed Aedes populations in La Reunion, we recommend using black plastic ovitraps, placed at 1.50-to-2.00-m high in vacoa trees, with vacoa leaves as the oviposition surface.
A novel wrinkled-leaf sesame mutant as a potential edible leafy vegetable rich in nutrients
Authors: Liu Hongyan , Zhou Fang , Zhou Ting , Yang Yuanxiao , Zhao Yingzhong
Published: November 2022

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an ancient and globally important oil crop in the tropic and subtropic areas. Apart from being a good source of high-quality oil, sesame also represents a new source of edible leafy vegetables. However, data regarding the nutritional composition of the sesame leaves, especially their phytonutrient composition, are scarce. Previously we have developed a sesame mutant JQA with curly, wide, and thick leaves that are potentially used as a vegetable. The objective of this work was to gauge the nutrient contents in leaves of the JQA mutant by colorimetry methods. The sesame mutant JQA and its wild-type counterpart JQB were grown in the field, and leaf samples were collected at the flowering stage. Results showed that the sesame wrinkled leaves of JQA are a rich source of crude oil (5.33–6.38%), crude protein (3.14%), amino acids (> 18.6 mg/g), crude fiber (> 0.36%), cellulose or hemicellulose (> 21.4 mg/g), sugars (> 12.5 mg/g), vitamins, and flavones (> 63.2 mg/g). The wrinkled sesame leaves were high in unsaturated acid (32.0 mg/g), calcium (18.5 mg/g), potassium (16.1 mg/g), as well as vitamin B6 (24.5 mg/g), B2 (14.4 mg/g), C (1.7 mg/g) and D (1.3 mg/g) compared to other common green leafy vegetables. The fresh leaves had a mean total flavone content of 65.7 mg/g and can be consumed as fresh vegetables or preserved in a dry state. Collectively, the nutritional composition of the wrinkled leaf mutant JQA was ideal and thus had high RDIs (recommended daily intakes), suggesting that the wrinkled leaves are a rich source of nutrients and therefore suitable to be consumed as a new edible green vegetable.
The impact of Hounsfield unit-related variables on percutaneous nephrolithotomy outcomes
Authors: Moon Hyong Woo , Taeyb Mustafa , Park Yong Hyun , Bae Woong Jin , Ha U.-Syn , Hong Sung-Hoo , Lee Ji Youl , Kim Sae Woong , Cho Hyuk Jin
Published: November 2022

We aimed to identify the association between Hounsfield Unit(HU)-related variables and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) outcomes. We enrolled patients with single renal stones (1–3 cm) who underwent single-tract PCNL between January 2014 and October 2019. Demographics and stone characteristics were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative computerized tomography (CT) and follow-up CT within at least 3 months after PCNL were included in this analysis. Stone-free status was defined as residual stone measuring ≤ 2 mm within 3 months postoperatively. HU and cross-sectional area (CSA) were measured using the free-draw technique. We analyzed HU-related variables using logistic regression model for outcomes. Altogether, 188 out of 683 patients met the inclusion criteria. The stone-free rate (SFR) was 79.2%. There were no significant differences in age, sex, BMI, ASA class, laterality, pre-op shockwave lithotripsy, stone size, stone burden, skin-to-stone distance, and HU between the stone-free and remnant groups. CSA and HU/CSA in the stone-free and remnant groups were 94.5 ± 46.1 and 128.3 ± 98.5 (p = 0.043) and 10.1 ± 5.6 and 7.3 ± 3.4 (p = 0.001), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that pelvis, ureteropelvic junction stones, and HU/CSA were independent predictors of SFR. HU did not affect PCNL outcomes. We believe that HU/CSA could be used for determining stone treatment plans and predicting outcomes.
Mussel-inspired PDA-based MIP-SERS sensor for the detection of trace MG in environmental water
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Luan Longlong , Huang Ying , Yao Mingming , Li Pan , Xu Weiping
Published: November 2022

SA-100@MIP as a SERS nanoprobe not only can selectively capture MG close to the metallic nanostructure but also can provide good stability and reusability.
The heterogeneity of oxidized lipids in individual tumor cells reveals NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity by label-free mass cytometry
Authors: Shen Zizheng , Yao Huan , Yang Jinlei , Pan Xingyu , Zhao Hansen , Han Guojun , Zhang Sichun , Zhang Xinrong
Published: November 2022

The heterogeneity of lipids and oxidized lipids such as PC(38:6) and PC(38:6-2OH) in individual tumor cells reveals NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity by label-free mass cytometry.
Cross-section measurements of multilayer automotive paint samples using combined Raman spectroscopy and LIBS
Authors: Merk Virginia , Werncke Wolfgang , Pfeifer Lutz
Published: November 2022

The analysis of multilayer automotive paints is a challenging task due to their inherent complexity. Combined LIBS and Raman spectroscopy allows a comprehensive chemical analysis of each individual layer in one step with minimal sample preparation.
Specific detection of fusion transcripts based on a duplex-specific nuclease and isothermal exponential amplification reaction
Authors: Su Fengxia , Li Tian , He Xiaofei , Li Zhengping
Published: November 2022

A DSN-IEXPAR method is developed for the specific detection of fusion transcripts.
Copper–carbon dot aerogel: a high-performance mimetic peroxidase and its application for versatile colorimetric bioassays
Authors: Zhang Tao , Zhuang Qianfen , Wang Yong
Published: November 2022

Benefiting from the electron transfer process and generation of hydroxyl radical, copper–carbon dot aerogels exhibit high-performance peroxidase-like activity and are applied for versatile colorimetric bioassays based on multienzyme cascade reactions.
Integrating multifunctional catalytic sites in COF@ZIF-67 derived carbon for the HER and ORR
Authors: Duan Zhiliang , Liu Minghao , Li Xuewen , Yang Shuai , Liu Sijia , Xu Qing , Zeng Gaofeng
Published: November 2022

A highly active catalyst for the HER and ORR by integrating multifunctional sites into COF@ZIF-67-derived carbon has first been demonstrated.
Graphite/diamond transformation mechanism under the action of an iron-based catalyst
Authors: Wang Junpu , Tian Yi , Su Yuzhu , Xiang Xiaojun , Zhou Li , Huang Mengyang , Zhang Lu , He Duanwei
Published: November 2022

Transformation of graphite to diamond in Fe–Ni–C eutectic melt.
Stabilization of benzene radical anion in ammonia clusters
Authors: Pysanenko Andriy , Bergmeister Stefan , Scheier Paul , Fárník Michal
Published: November 2022

Ammonia clusters are doped with benzene molecules in a pickup experiment, and slow electrons are attached to the pure and doped clusters. Generation of solvated electron and stabilization of a benzene radical anion is demonstrated.
Revealing ultrafast vibronic dynamics of tetracene molecules with sub-8 fs UV impulsive Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Teramoto Takahiro , Liu Jun , Du Juan , Kobayashi Takayoshi
Published: November 2022

Ultrafast dynamics of tetracene molecules in THF solution were investigated using sub-8 fs ultraviolet pulse lasers and ab initio calculations.
Electrical control of the spin-Seebeck coefficient in graphene nanoribbons with asymmetric zigzag edge extensions
Authors: Mazhari Mousavi Fatemeh , Farghadan Rouhollah
Published: November 2022

We investigate the effect of the electric field on the spin-dependent thermoelectric properties of graphene nanoribbons with asymmetric zigzag edge extensions.
Interplay of unique N⋯π pnicogen and H⋯π/H⋯O hydrogen bonding interactions in the heterodimers of nitromethane with acetylene and benzene as π-electron donors: experimental characterization at low temperatures under isolated conditions with computational corroboration
Authors: Mahapatra Nandalal , Chandra Swaroop , Ramanathan N. , Sundararajan K.
Published: November 2022

The dimers of nitromethane with π-electron systems as pnicogen acceptors stabilized through unique N⋯π pnicogen bonding interactions are highlighted.
Theoretical analysis of the absorption of CO2 and CO on pristine and Al-doped C3B
Authors: Tao Lu-Qi , Zou Simin , Wang Guanya , Peng Zhirong , Zhu Congcong , Sun Hao
Published: November 2022

Real-time detection of CO2 and CO is of great importance because CO2 is a major cause of global warming and CO endangers the human nervous and cardiovascular systems.
Non-internalising antibody–drug conjugates
Authors: Ashman Nicola , Bargh Jonathan D. , Spring David R.
Published: November 2022

This review introduces non-internalising Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADCs), highlighting the linker chemistry that enables extracellular payload release.
Quaternary Ru(ii) complexes of terpyridines, saccharin and 1,2-azoles: effect of substituents on molecular structure, speciation, photoactivity, and photocytotoxicity
Authors: Kumar Priyaranjan , Singh Prerana , Saren Sanjoy , Sayala Juhi , Sivakumar Sri , Patra Ashis K.
Published: November 2022

A series of quaternary complexes [Ru(R-tpy)(pyz/ind)(sac)2] (1–6) were synthesized and structurally characterized. The solvolysis, green light-induced photoactivation, generation of singlet oxygen, and enhanced photocytotoxicity were studied.
Synthesis of Ge1−xSnx nanoparticles under non-inert conditions
Authors: Søgaard Nicolaj Brink , Bondesgaard Martin , Bertelsen Andreas Dueholm , Iversen Bo Brummerstedt , Julsgaard Brian
Published: November 2022

Ge1−xSnx nanoparticles are interesting for many different optoelectronic devices, however, the synthesis normally involves highly inert conditions, making it less promising for industry implementation. Here, a new non-inert synthesis is presented.
A family of mono-, di-, and tetranuclear DyIIIcomplexes bearing the ligand 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(picolinoylhydrazone) and exhibiting slow relaxation of magnetization
Authors: Armenis Alexandros S. , Bakali Georgia P. , Brantley ChristiAnna L. , Raptopoulou Catherine P. , Psycharis Vassilis , Cunha-Silva Luís , Christou George , Stamatatos Theocharis C.
Published: November 2022

The systematic investigation of the general reaction scheme DyIII/LH2, where LH2is the organic ligand 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(picolinoylhydrazone), has led to a family of mono-, di-, and tetranuclear DyIIIcomplexes.
Flexible ligand–Gd dye-encapsulated dual-emission metal–organic framework
Authors: Zhang Ya-Ru , Xie Xiao-Zheng , Yin Xue-Bo , Xia Yan
Published: November 2022

We revealed the general considerations for host–guest ML-MOFs from the perspectives of ligands, metal nodes and embedded dyes. The results can be used to guide the preparation of other ML-MOFs to realize the host–guest strategy.
[Co(2,2′-bipy)3]Ag3I6with a hole structure facilitates dye adsorption and photocatalytic reduction
Authors: Tang Chunying , Sun Yawei , Liu Jianbiao , Xu Qinfeng , Zhang Chun-yang
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate that [Co(2,2′-bipy)3]Ag3I6with a hole structure facilitates dye adsorption and photocatalytic reduction.
Recent advances in triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion and singlet fission, towards solar energy applications
Authors: Carrod Andrew J. , Gray Victor , Börjesson Karl
Published: November 2022

Here we consolidate recent advances in the fields of triplet–triplet annihilation photon upconversion and singlet fission. We further describe their utility in increasing the efficiency of photovoltaic devices.
Synthesis of phosphorus-containing cardanol-derived phenalkamine: a sustainable curing agent to access high-performance bio-based epoxy thermosets
Authors: Wang Xin , Huang Jiali , Song Lei , Hu Yuan
Published: November 2022

Cardanol-derived phenalkamines with different phosphorus oxidation states (Car-DCP-DETA and Car-DPC-DETA) were synthesized by the Mannich reaction and used as curing agents for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)-type epoxy prepolymers.
Investigation of particle manipulation mechanism and size sorting strategy in a double-layered microchannel
Authors: Boran Zhang , Fan Yang , Wenshuai Wu , Wuyi Wan , Wenhan Zhao , Qianbin Zhao
Published: November 2022

The mechanism of microparticle manipulation in a double-layered microchannel was revealed using a numerical model. An optimized size sorting strategy was proposed based on the simulation results.
Oxygen vacancy and p–n heterojunction in a g-C3N4 nanosheet/CuFeO2 nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic N2 fixation to NH3 under ambient conditions
Authors: Almojil Sattam Fahad , Almohana Abdulaziz Ibrahim , Alali Abdulrhman Fahmi , Attia El-Awady , Sharma Kamal , Shamseldin Mohamed A. , Mohammed Azheen Ghafour , Cao Yan
Published: November 2022

In this article, the nitrogen fixation process over g-C3N4 nanosheets/CuFeO2 p–n heterojunction photocatalyst is presented.
Photocatalytic degradation-based efficient elimination of pesticides using ruthenium/gold metal nanoparticle-anchored zirconium dioxide
Authors: Chauhan Anuj , Dhenadhayalan Namasivayam , Yeh Jen-Chen , Lin King-Chuen
Published: November 2022

Ruthenium and gold metal nanoparticles-incorporated zirconium dioxide (ZrO2@Ru and ZrO2@Au) nanostructures were developed as promising photocatalysts for wastewater remediation.
Photophysical characterization and the self-assembly properties of mono- and bis-pyrene derivatives for cell imaging applications
Authors: Belovari Mateja , Nestić Davor , Marić Ivan , Majhen Dragomira , Cametti Massimo , Džolić Zoran
Published: November 2022

Seven newly designed mono- and bis-pyrene derivatives with varying amino acid units self-assembled into fluorescent organic nanoparticles and were used for imaging in live cells.
Effect of substituents and chain length in amino-1,4-naphthoquinones on glutathione-S-transferase inhibition: molecular docking and electrochemical perspectives: a structure–activity study
Authors: Faúndes Judith , Muñoz-Osses Michelle , Morales Pilar , Tasca Federico , Loyola César Zúñiga , Faúndez Mario , Mascayano Carolina , Ibacache Juana A.
Published: November 2022

The highlights of structure–activity relationship in GST inhibition.
Hydrothermal synthesis and photocatalytic performance of visible light responsive ZnS microspheres for azo dyes
Authors: Wen Lizhen , Yang Xiande , Huang Haizan , Wei Liang , Yang Jing
Published: November 2022

ZnS microspheres show good photocatalytic activity toward RhB and maintain good photodegradation activity after four cycles.
Theoretical study on the structures, electronic properties, and aromaticity of thia[4]circulenes
Authors: Hashimoto Shingo , Kishi Ryohei , Tahara Kazukuni
Published: November 2022

The structures, electronic properties, and aromaticity of a series of thia[4]circulenes are predicted using quantum chemical calculations.
Constructing α-AlH3@polymer composites with high safety and excellent stability properties via in situ polymerization
Authors: Shi Zhe , Lu Taojie , Xu Yidong , Shang Fei , Hu Yinghui , Wu Zhuo , Zhang Jian , Zhu Zhaoyang , Zheng Jian , Lin Kaifeng , Yang Yulin
Published: November 2022

The in situ polymerization of encapsulated α-AlH3 has promising applications in aerospace and weapon fields, and the resulting α-AlH3@PVP has potential applications in solid propellant formulations.
Magnetically recyclable CoFe2O4 nanoparticles as stable and efficient catalysts for the synthesis of aryl thioethers via C–S coupling reactions
Authors: Iraqui Saddam , Rashid Md. Harunar
Published: November 2022

An odourless and ligand-free protocol for the synthesis of aryl thioethers via a CoFe2O4 NP catalysed coupling reaction between benzyl halides and aryl halides in the presence of thiourea as a sulphur source is reported.
Synthesis of a series of porous aromatic frameworks by mechanical ball milling
Authors: Chen Xiaolu , Yuan Zhenyan , Zhong Yingchun , Sun Fuxing , Ren Hao
Published: November 2022

A series of porous aromatic frameworks were synthesized by combining an FeCl3-promoted coupling reaction with mechanochemistry. PAF-104f and PAF-105g present the highest surface areas of 840 and 684 m2 g−1, respectively.
Exploiting flux shadowing for strain and bending engineering in core–shell nanowires
Authors: Al Humaidi Mahmoud , Jakob Julian , Al Hassan Ali , Davtyan Arman , Schroth Philipp , Feigl Ludwig , Herranz Jesús , Novikov Dmitri , Geelhaar Lutz , Baumbach Tilo , Pietsch Ullrich
Published: November 2022

Here we report on the non-uniform shell growth of InxGa1−xAs on the GaAs nanowire (NW) core by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).
Patterning and doping of transition metals in tungsten dichalcogenides
Authors: Lin Yung-Chang , Chang Yao-Pang , Chen Kai-Wen , Lee Tai-Ting , Hsiao Bo-Jiun , Tsai Tsung-Han , Yang Yueh-Chiang , Lin Kuang-I , Suenaga Kazu , Chen Chia-Hao , Chiu Po-Wen
Published: November 2022

This study proposes a universal method of area-selective doping for single layer TMDCs using chemically inert and pre-patterned graphene as a reaction mask. The doping level is also controllable through this new doping method.
Apex hydrogen bonds in dendron assemblies modulate close-packed mesocrystal structures
Authors: Jun Taesuk , Park Hyunjun , Jeon Seungbae , Ahn Hyungju , Jang Woo-Dong , Lee Byeongdu , Ryu Du Yeol
Published: November 2022

Dendron assemblies consisting of G2-CONH2 and G2-CH2NH2 show the core-interaction-dependent mesocrystal structures of A15–σ–DDQC–C14. The more size-dispersed particles, the more susceptibility to chain exchange with increasing temperature.
Ultra-stable blue-emitting lead-free double perovskite Cs2SnCl6nanocrystals enabled by an aqueous synthesis on a microfluidic platform
Authors: Tang Xiaobing , Wen Xiyu , Yang Fuqian
Published: November 2022

A microfluidic platform is used to synthesize blue-emitting lead-free Cs2SnCl6microcrystals with water as a solvent at room temperature. The Cs2SnCl6nanocrystals derived from the microcrystals have a remarkable long-term optical stability over 60 days.
How lignin sticks to cellulose—insights from atomic force microscopy enhanced by machine-learning analysis and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Nascimento Diego M. , Colombari Felippe M. , Focassio Bruno , Schleder Gabriel R. , Costa Carlos A. R. , Biffe Cleyton A. , Ling Liu Y. , Gouveia Rubia F. , Strauss Mathias , Rocha George J. M. , Leite Edson , Fazzio Adalberto , Capaz Rodrigo B. , Driemeier Carlos , Bernardes Juliana S.
Published: November 2022

Elucidating cellulose–lignin interactions at the molecular and nanometric scales is an important research topic with impacts on several pathways of biomass valorization.
Enzyme activatable photodynamic therapy agents targeting melanoma
Authors: Verirsen Imran , Uyar Busra , Ozsamur Nezahat Gokce , Demirok Naime , Erbas-Cakmak Sundus
Published: November 2022

A tyrosinase activatable photosensitizer is developed with selective phototoxicity to melanoma cells.
Introducing the aza-Michael addition reaction between acrylate and dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione into polymer chemistry
Authors: Ma Zeyu , Zeng Yuan , He Xianzhe , Pan Siyu , Wei Yen , Wang Bo , Tao Lei
Published: November 2022

The aza-Michael addition reaction between dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione and acrylate has been used to fabricate new polymers through different synthesis routes.
Microenvironment engineering of supported metal nanoparticles for chemoselective hydrogenation
Authors: Wang Maodi , Yang Qihua
Published: November 2022

Insights on microenvironment engineering for metal nanoparticles using porous materials enriched with organic groups and how it determines the hydrogenation performance through non-covalent interaction are highlighted.
Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids: What the Practicing Audiologist Needs to Know
Authors: Coco Laura
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this clinical focus article is to provide an overview of the United States Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aid rule, and discuss opportunities for clinicians to support individuals who self-direct their hearing care.

Conclusions:

The introduction of OTC hearing aids has implications for potentially all U.S. audiologists, even those who do not plan to directly interact with the devices. This clinical focus article provides audiologists with an overview of the historical background on OTC hearing aids and summarizes the FDA's rule. It also introduces recent studies that explore dimensions of patient outcomes with self-fitting hearing aids, including satisfaction with service delivery. In addition, readers are provided with clinical applications, or ways in which they can support patients who pursue OTC hearing aids, including by providing support services that help patients navigate the emotional and psychosocial aspects of hearing loss.
A new four‐row integral transposition method of stator windings and circulating current loss reduction in large turbo generators
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Liang Yanping
Published: November 2022

Transposition of stator windings for large turbo generators is a key technology. At present, the stator windings with four‐row strands for large turbo generators are usually transposed on both sides of the slot centreline and connected at the end by the joint sleeve. The different transposition methods of strands have an important effect on strand currents, circulating currents, and circulating current losses. A new four‐row integral transposition method is proposed in this study. Several transposition methods based on the four‐row integral transposition method are compared with the double Roebel transposition methods using 3‐D time‐harmonic field. The 3‐D model without the end and with the end are both calculated. The results show that the four‐row integral transposition method has an obvious advantage in reducing circulating current loss. Finally, a 2‐D finite element model of transient magnetic field is calculated and its calculation results further support for the effectiveness of the proposed transposition method. The proposed transposition method has a great application value, which can reduce additional loss, avoid partial overheating and short circuit fault of stator windings in large turbo generators.
A current sensorless control method for multi‐level active front‐end rectifiers with LCL filter
Authors: Bayhan Sertac , Komurcugil Hasan
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a current sensorless control strategy for a three‐phase multi‐level active front‐end rectifier with an LCL filter. The proposed control strategy is based on the mathematical model of the system. Opposed to the existing control methods that measure three‐phase currents as well as three‐phase voltages, the proposed control eliminates the current measurement requirement which leads to cost reduction. Moreover, unlike the existing current control methods that use two proportional‐integral (PI) controllers, the proposed current control does not use any PI controller in the current loop. The elimination of two PI controllers simplifies the controller design. The resonance damping requirement arising due to the LCL filter is tackled by active damping that is realized by using filter capacitor voltage feedback. The steady‐state and dynamic performances of the proposed control strategy are investigated experimentally under balanced, unbalanced and distorted grid conditions.
Optimal identification of model parameters for PEMFCs using neoteric metaheuristic methods
Authors: Diab Ahmed A. Zaki , Abdelhamid Ashraf M.
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the neoteric metaheuristic methods of artificial ecosystem‐based optimization (AEO), Coot Bird‐based optimization (COOT), Equilibrium optimizer (EQO), Runge–Kutta Method (RUN), Hunger games search (HGS), and Weighted Mean of Vectors (INFO) have been applied and evaluated to discover a preferable estimation for the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) model. The validation of the applied methods has been done for valuing the model parameters of BCS 500W‐PEM, 500W‐SR‐12PEM, and 250W‐stack. The objective function has been formulated as the sum of square errors (SSEs) between the measured and estimated data. MATLAB has been used for the verification of the optimization techniques. The results show that for BCS 500W‐PEM: (1) the six algorithms can accurately solve the problem of the FC parameter assessment; (2) there are small distinguished between the six algorithms concerning their best value of the objective function; this distinction between the best and worst techniques is 2.4 × 10−9; (3) the best algorithm is INFO with 0.011556306 while the worst algorithm is RUN with 0.011556308; (4) statistical results prove that the six algorithms have the tracking efficiencies of 99.99961329%, 99.97114568%, 99.83529736%, 100%, 99.89195368%, and 99.90200833% for AEO, COOT, EQO, INFO, HGS, and RUN, respectively based on 30 individual runs.
Behçet- und Cogan-Syndrom
Authors: Kötter Ina
Published: November 2022

Das Behçet- und das Cogan-Syndrom bilden zusammen die Gruppe der
Vaskulitiden der variablen Gefäße nach der Chapel-Hill
Nomenklatur. Sie können Arterien und Venen jeder Größe
betreffen. Wie die Bezeichnung „Syndrom“ bei beiden
Krankheitsbildern bereits widerspiegelt, können beide individuell sehr
unterschiedliche Symptome bieten. Beide zählen formal zu den seltenen
Erkrankungen, wobei das Cogan-Syndrom mit der Beschreibung von lediglich einigen
hundert Fällen weltweit deutlich seltener als das Behςet-Syndrom
ist. Für letzteres gibt es Diagnose- und Klassifikationskriterien, und
auch europäische (EULAR, European Alliance of Associations for
Rheumatology) Therapieempfehlungen. Symptomatologie, Diagnostik und Therapie,
aber auch einige Überlegungen zur Pathogenese dieser beiden Vaskulitiden
werden im Folgenden beleuchtet.
Funktionale Krankheitsfolgen von Menschen im Alter ab 70 Jahren und die Akzeptanz eines neuen Unterstützungs-Netzwerkes, das NetzWerk GesundAktiv (NWGA)
Authors: von Renteln-Kruse Wolfgang , Neumann Lilli , Vinyard Dominic , Golgert Stefan , Thiem Ulrich , Dapp Ulrike
Published: November 2022

Einleitung Häufigere Pflegebedürftigkeit bei steigender Lebenserwartung ist problematisch. Das NetzWerk GesundAktiv (NWGA) nimmt positive Beeinflussbarkeit der Entwicklung von Pflegebedürftigkeit an. In einer Pilotregion Hamburgs luden gesetzliche Krankenversicherungen ihre Versicherten im Alter ab 70 Jahren zur Teilnahme am NWGA Hilfs- und Betreuungsnetzwerk ein. Hier werden die Ergebnisse der Akzeptanzanalyse dargestellt.

Methoden Zur Fokussierung auf die Zielgruppe der für die Entwicklung von Pflegebedürftigkeit gefährdeten Personen wurde der LUCAS Funktions-Index (Selbstausfüll-Fragebogen) als Screening für den Grad funktionaler Kompetenz verwendet. Die retrospektive Beobachtungsstudie untersuchte explorativ NWGA Teilnehmende, Ablehnende, Interessenten (Ausschluss, da funktional kompetent) und Non-Responder anhand sozio-demografischer sowie Morbiditätsbezogener Routinedaten. Dafür wurden ICD-Diagnosen anlässlich stationärer Krankenhausaufenthalte, die Anzahl ambulanter Arztkontakte sowie Pflegegrade innerhalb 12 Monaten vor Rekrutierung verwendet.

Ergebnisse Von 13 100 angeschriebenen Versicherten waren 962 Teilnehmende (7,4 %), 948 Ablehnende (7,2 %), 2437 Interessenten (18,6 %) und 8753 Non-Responder (66,8 %). Bezüglich soziodemografischer Merkmale unterschieden sich diese Gruppen. Die Diagnosen von 5422 Krankenhausaufenthalten zeigten unterschiedlich häufige ICD-Codes funktionaler Beeinträchtigungen. Interessenten waren praktisch nicht pflegebedürftig und wiesen die niedrigste Morbidität auf.

Diskussion Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass Beeinträchtigungen insbesondere motorischer und kognitiver Funktionen sowie soziodemografische Merkmale die NWGA-Akzeptanz beeinflussen. Die Ansprache zur Teilnahme sollte entsprechend differenziert verbessert werden. Die Berücksichtigung funktionaler Störungen als Krankheitsfolgen und Schrittmacher von Pflegebedürftigkeit könnte Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention im Alter generell stärken. Das Interesse für präventive Aktivitäten war unter den 70-jährigen und älteren Menschen nennenswert häufig.