bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are range based models good enough? Evidence from seven stock markets
Authors: Dockery Everton , Miltiadis Efentakis Miltiadis Efentakis , Al-Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh
Published: June 2018

We study the performance of range-based models over varying market conditions and compare their performance against a set of alterative risk measurement models, including the more widely used techniques in practice for measuring the Value-at-Risk (VaR) of seven financial market indices. In particular, we focus on model accuracy in estimated VaRs over quiet and volatile moments utilizing loss functions and likelihood ratio tests for coverage probability. The empirical estimates based on these two criteria find that the range based-model of Yang and Zhang (2000) shows some success in estimated VaR risk measure, especially during quiet periods, than is the case for the other range based models considered. Also, we find that the EWMA and RiskMetrics models have an inconsistent marginal edge over the widely used GARCH and historical simulation specifications and that there is validity in the use of the EWMA and RiskMetrics models over range-based approaches as both capture and thus provide more accurate estimated VaR risk measure of market risk.
Discrepancies in Hospital Financial Information: Comparison of Financial Data in State Data Repositories and the Healthcare Cost Reporting Information System
Authors: Lamboy-Ruiz Melvin A. , No Won G. , Watanabe Olena V.
Published: June 2018

High-quality financial data are important to stakeholders in the healthcare sector but are difficult to obtain. The two data sources most often used are hospital financial statements (HFSs) and Medicare Cost Reports (MCRs). Applying an analytical framework of data information quality dimensions, we compare a sample of 34,728 instances of 12 financial statement items extracted from HFSs and MCRs filed from 2007 through 2011. Our comparison shows a nontrivial frequency of missing items, widespread discrepancies across financial items, and a materiality of discrepancies that is significant in both sources. We also find many avoidable computational errors and significant absolute relative discrepancies between the sources. Additionally, we perform replications of two prior studies to test the believability of HFS and MCR data. Although we cannot conclude which source is more accurate, we do alert users of hospital financial data to the comparative potentials and limitations of these two major sources.
Quantitative, Value-Driven Risk Analysis of e-Services
Authors: Ionita Dan , Wieringa Roel , Gordijn Jaap , Yesuf Ahmed Seid
Published: June 2018

Modern e-services are provided by networks of collaborating businesses. However, collaborators, and even customers, don't always behave as expected or agreed upon, and fraudsters attempt unfair exploitation, legally or illegally.Profitability assessments of e-services should therefore look beyond revenue streams and also consider threats to the financial sustainability of the service offering. More importantly, any such analysis should consider the business network in which the e-service is embedded. The e3value method is an established modeling and analysis method that allows enterprises to estimate the net value flows of a networked e-business. Recently, the method and its ontology have been extended to cover aspects related to risk, e.g., fraud. In this paper, we introduce four new software-enabled risk and sensitivity analyses, which build upon this extension. The techniques are quantitative and therefore support making motivated risk mitigation decisions. We illustrate them in the context of three realistic case studies.
Impaired Nociception in the Diabetic Ins2+/Akita Mouse
Authors: Vastani Nisha , Guenther Franziska , Gentry Clive , Austin Amazon L. , King Aileen J. , Bevan Stuart , Andersson David A.
Published: June 2018

The mechanisms responsible for painful and insensate diabetic neuropathy are not completely understood. Here, we have investigated sensory neuropathy in the Ins2+/Akita mouse, a hereditary model of diabetes. Akita mice become diabetic soon after weaning, and we show that this is accompanied by an impaired mechanical and thermal nociception and a significant loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers. Electrophysiological investigations of skin-nerve preparations identified a reduced rate of action potential discharge in Ins2+/Akita mechanonociceptors compared with wild-type littermates, whereas the function of low-threshold A-fibers was essentially intact. Studies of isolated sensory neurons demonstrated a markedly reduced heat responsiveness in Ins2+/Akita dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, but a mostly unchanged function of cold-sensitive neurons. Restoration of normal glucose control by islet transplantation produced a rapid recovery of nociception, which occurred before normoglycemia had been achieved. Islet transplantation also restored Ins2+/Akita intraepidermal nerve fiber density to the same level as wild-type mice, indicating that restored insulin production can reverse both sensory and anatomical abnormalities of diabetic neuropathy in mice. The reduced rate of action potential discharge in nociceptive fibers and the impaired heat responsiveness of Ins2+/Akita DRG neurons suggest that ionic sensory transduction and transmission mechanisms are modified by diabetes.
CURRENT CANCER STEM CELL BIOMARKERS IN TONGUE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: KARATAS Omer Faruk , TEBER Seyma , YİLMAZ Ahmet , BALTACİOGLU Asli , KİLİC Selinay Merve , POYRAZ Emel , AYTATLİ Abdulmelik , OZTURK Sumeyye , VAROL Ayse
Published: June 2018

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is known to be the most malignant
cancer type amongst other oral cancers with increasing incidence and mortality
rates in the past five years. Since the life expectancy for TSCC patients is
limited and the current chemo-radiotherapy treatments are not curative, novel
biomarkers are urgently needed. As many other solid tumors, TSCC has a heterogeneous
cancer cell population, which includes a small subpopulation identified as
cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are considered as the driving force for tumor
initiation, development, spread, recurrence, and resistance to
chemo-radiotherapy. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms of how CSCs
are involved in the carcinogenesis are not completely understood, scientists
and clinicians aim to utilize those cells as therapeutic tools in fight against
different cancer types including TSCC. Here, we reviewed and summarized
important findings and the most current literature to shed light on the
potential of cancer stem cells markers in TSCC. Possible functions of CSCs
biomarkers in TSCC pathogenesis during cancer initiation, progression, invasion
or metastasis are also summarized.
Estudio de la calidad del agua en la presa El Volantín, Jalisco, México (2014-2015) / Water Quality Study of El Volantín Dam, Jalisco, Mexico (2014-2015)
Authors: Sánchez Díaz Silvia
Published: June 2018

En este trabajo se presenta la caracterización de los contaminantes en las aguas de la presa El Volantín, municipio Tizapán el Alto (Jalisco), con el objetivo de determinar la calidad del agua. Para ello, se han tomado como base de referencia los índices establecidos por los valores de la escala ICA (índice de calidad del agua). En tal sentido, se realizaron cinco muestreos en la mencionada presa: tres en el año 2014 (marzo, junio y septiembre) y dos en 2015 (enero y abril). Estos muestreos se tomaron en 4 puntos (El Casco, El Volantín, Las Canoas y Villa Madero) para analizar los contaminantes inmersos en el agua, ya que existen descargas de drenajes que se realizan de manera directa en la presa, específicamente en la comunidad El Volantín. Las muestras se evaluaron según las normas NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996 y NOM-127-SSA1-1994 en dos laboratorios (Microbiología y Análisis Fisicoquímicos) del Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías de la Universidad de Guadalajara. Los resultados muestran que el grado de contaminación en la presa es regular. En concreto, los parámetros de la demanda bioquímica de oxígeno, la demanda química de oxígeno, los sólidos suspendidos totales y el color se encuentran fuera de los límites permisibles señalados en las mencionadas normas.
Over-Indebtedness in Nepalese Microfinance Institution – A Study of Clients of Nirdhan Utthan Bank
Authors: Sahani Soni , Bansal Sundip , Sahani Kalpana , Khatiwada Nitesh , Bhattarai Jeevan Kumar
Published: June 2018

This paper analyses the over-indebtedness of micro-borrowers of Nirdhan Utthan Bank in Birgunj, Nepal. Descriptive analytical research design is attempted to explore the scenario of factor of over-indebtedness and impact of multiple borrowing. The research is primary data based on 150 sample respondents from Birgunj and convenient and structured questionnaire had been used to collect response of the respondents and data was collected through face to face interview with the clients. In this study majority of the clients are involved in multiple borrowing 82 %, it finds that loss of income and multiple borrowing is the major factor that leads to over-indebted. The paper also shows the association between factors of over-indebtedness and multiple borrowing and how frequently micro-borrower repeats them and for this cross tabulation analysis and chi-square test was used to analyze the data. The results show that over-indebtedness is significantly associated with multiple borrowing. The risk of over-indebtedness further increases with the occurrence of multiple borrowing. Results show that small size of loans issued by MFIs and needs of the clients was one of the major reasons for multiple loans contracts. Other reasons for multiple borrowing include family obligation, loan recycling, and relaxed or simple loan procedures, and influence from friends who are taking multiple loans, delayed loan disbursement from the MFIs in which the client first applied.
Cost Effective Synthesis and Fabrication of Phase-Pure Kesterite Cu2-xZn1.3SnS4 P-type Absorber Layer Thin Films by Solvent Based Process Technique for Photovoltaic Solar Energy Applications
Authors: Khadambari B. , Bhattacharya S. S.
Published: June 2018

Solar has become one of the fastest growing renewable energy sources. With the push towards sustainability it is an excellent solution to resolve the issue of our diminishing finite resources. Alternative photovoltaic systems are of much importance to utilize solar energy efficiently. The Cu-chalcopyrite compounds CuInS2 and CuInSe2 and their alloys provide absorber material of high absorption coefficients of the order of 105 cm-1. Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is more promising material for photovoltaic applications as Zn and Sn are abundant materials of earth’s crust. Further, the preparation of CZTS-ink facilitates the production of flexible solar cells. The device can be designed with Al doped ZnO as the front contact, n-type window layer (e.g. intrinsic ZnO); an n-type thin film buffer layer (e.g. CdS) and a p-type CZTS absorber layer with Molybdenum (Mo) substrate as back contact. In this study, CZTS films were synthesized by a non-vaccum solvent based process technique from a molecular-ink using a non toxic eco-friendly solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The deposited CZTS films were optimized and characterized by XRD, UV-visible spectroscopy and SEM.
POLITIK DALAM PEMIKIRAN K.H. ABDUL HALIM (1887-1962): IDE DAN GERAKAN
Authors: Hernawan Wawan , Yanti Erba Rozalina
Published: June 2018

Artikel ini membahas tentang pemikiran seorang kyai dalam bidang politik. Dengan menggunakan tahapan metode sejarah, diharapkan sejumlah fakta yang ditemukan dapat disajikan sebagaimana kejadiannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran politik Abdul Halim bertolak dari pemahamannya tentang rukun Islam yang ia perluas menjadi konsep al-salam, santi asromo, dan santi lucu, yang dilanjutkan dengan intisab, dan ishlah al-samaniyyah. Basis gerakan Abdul Halim dimulai dengan mendirikan lembaga lokal Madjlisoel ‘Ilmi hingga menjadi Voorzitter Hoofdbestuur Persjarikatan Oelama, anggota BPUPKI, dan anggota Konstituante. Atas kiprah dan dedikasinya, Presiden Republik Indonesia melalui Surat Keputusan Nomor 041/TK/TH. 2008, menganugerahkan Gelar Pahlawan Nasional dan Bintang Mahaputera Adipradana
CORAK TAFSIR MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Rohmansyah Rohmansyah
Published: June 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Corak Tafsir Muhammadiyah. Corak Tafsir tersebut ditujukan kepada dua karya tafsir yang digagas lembaga Majelis Tarjih dan Tajdid yang khusus membahas bidang keagamaan, yaitu Tafsir al-Qoer’an dan Tafsir Tematik tentang Hubungan Antar Umat Beragama. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literatur kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan deskriptif-analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, Corak Tafsir Muhammadiyah adalah tafsîr bi al-ra’yi yang dikenal di kalangan Muhammadiyah dengan tafsir yang bersifat ijtihadi (pemikiran), sehingga dalam perkembangan penafsirannya tidak hanya menggunakan pendapat para ulama semata, namun juga menginterkoneksikan dan mengkorelasikan dengan ayat lain, hadis Nabi, pendapat sahabat dan tab’in. Dua metode yang digunakan dalam menghantarkan penafsirannya adalah metode maudû'i dan tahlîli. Penafsiran tersebut dilakukan Muhammadiyah agar al-Qur’an benar-benar menjadi sâlihun li kulli zamânin wa makânin (sesuai dengan segala waktu dan tempat), sehingga ajarannya dapat difahami dan aplikasikan dalam kehidupan nyata
Analysis of Potato Commodity Competitiveness Development Strategy at Sembalun Village in East Lombok Regency of Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Rahayu Intan Dwi , Sukardi L.
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this research was to analyze the effort to improved competitiveness of potato commodities. This research employed a descriptive method and used data collection techniques of survey and interview. The data analyses being used were descriptive analysis and SWOT, and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The result showed that there were five chain structures of potato commodity supply. Internal and external factor each has eight criteria which were made to alternative strategies. AHP suggests that strategies of internal factor are the development of facilities and infrastructure for potato commodity, increasing potato seeds availability, broadening market information, optimizing the utilization of potential cultivation area in Sembalun, improving and exploiting farmers’ potato cultivation experience, improving potato quality, utilizing available workers in potato post-harvest handling process, and reducing overproduction. Furthermore, the strategies of external factor are sharpening potato farmer’s skill, following the competition level, improving production opportunities in dry season, reducing risk level of extreme climate, practicing and making use of available government policy, improving the production to meet consumer demand, reducing pests and diseases and minimizing the fluctuations in potato price.
Environmental Utilization as Learning Resource by Geography Teacher to Apply Religius Characteristic in Public High School (SMAN) Lombok Timur
Authors: Apriani Rezita , Rahmanelli Rahmanelli
Published: June 2018

This study is purposed to obtain objective data about environmental availability as a learning source and its relevance to Core Competency (KI) and Basic Competency (KD) of public senior high school (SMAN) in East Lombok; the use of environment as a learning source by geography teachers to shape religious characters and to know teacher barriers in using environment as a learning source, and also to determine priority of directive policy in utilizing environment as a learning source in geography subject at SMAN East Lombok. Type of research was qualitative research. Data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis consisted of data reduction, data presentation, verification, and ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling). This study found out that: (1) in aspect of environmental availability as a learning source, physical and non physical environment are available to be used as a learning resource and it is relevant to KI and KD in SMAN East Lombok. (2) In utilization aspect, the form of physical and non physical utilization in religious characteristic application at school has been exploited by geography teacher to form religious character. However, environmental utilization outside the school is not optimal, because of the obstacles. (3) Constraints that teacher encounter are to coordinate students, infrastructure, to make plan, to understand parties that involved such as parent and family consent, to analyze the availability in the development of learning resources. (4) Policy priority that arise in utilizing the environment as a source of geography learning is improving skill development of geographic teacher implementation in collaboration with other offices and schools; structural planning by geography teachers to utilize the environment as a learning source and established a committee to explore the availability; analyzing condition and availability in the development of learning resources.
An Evaluation of Green School Program at SMA Negeri 1 Selong as a Preparation Towards a Swaliba School
Authors: Utami Anggun Dwi
Published: June 2018

This research was aimed to: 1) know the policies applied by the leaders of SMA Negeri 1 Selong (state senior high school 1 Selong) to components of education with respect to the implementation of Green School Program, 2) study students’ and teachers’ activeness and participation in the implementation of Green School Program, 3) study the inhibiting factors of Green School Program implementation, 4) evaluate physical condition of the school according to SWALIBA concept. This qualitative research was set at SMA Negeri 1 Selong in East Lombok Regency. Research population were all residents of SMA Negeri 1 Selong. Before collecting the data, a stratified proportional random sampling was conducted in order to select sample from population. Then, data was obtained through observation, questionnaire, interview and documentation. The result of this research showed that (1) Green School Program had been well implemented according to Adiwiyata guidelines. SWALIBA concept had been practiced and this was evident from curriculum changes that supported management of the environment, integration of environmental materials in school subjects, various environmental action, and the management of eco-friendly facilities by using Green House and Compost House. (2) The school had held some activities that involved students in Adiwiyata Program. School residents also supported Green School Program and it was represented by the level of their participation both in the terms of energy, idea, skill, money and goods. (3) There were no meaningful inhibiting factors because the school could solve them. As a preparation in improving Green School Program to SWALIBA, an evaluation of school physical condition which is in accordance to the concept of SWALIBA was done on environmental indicators. The suitability of environmental indicator variables highly supported the development of SWALIBA concept in SMA Negeri 1 Selong.
Investigation Volcanic Land Form and Mapping Landslide Potential at Mount Talang
Authors: Diva Isra Haryati , Irwanto Usqo , Nizam Khairul , Annur Latifa , Sekarjati Dhanu , Putra Beben Graha , Safitri Yuliana , Giovandi Eggy Arya , Nofrizal Adenan Yandra , Hanif Muhammad , Abe Akina
Published: June 2018

The survey geomorphology, it is the one apart of applied geomorphology. In case has done investigation character of geomorphological landscape of Mount Talang and mapping of landslide hazard potential. In this research has used some method, the first field observation and sampling for geomorphology character study were conducted. Second the mapping landslide hazard used method the MAFF Japan where integrating physical field data and spatial data using geographic information system. The results of this study where found some volcanic morphology, volcanic cones, upper slopes, middle slope, lower slopes, foot slope, and volcanic plain. The landslide hazard, where involving sources of observation and sampling for the study of geomorphological characters. From the research has found the landslide hazard in four zone, zone (I) land stable and low hazard potential large 9 ha, zone (II) land enough stable and middle hazard potential large 12.295 ha, zone (III) land less stable and high hazard potential large 1.118 ha, and Zone (IV) land unstable and highest hazard potential 0.1 ha. The typical of geomorphology, morphometry, and land use it has really influence to landslide potential to landslide hazard.
Policy Directives for Sustainable Settlement Development at Flood Hazard Zone in Limapuluh Kota District West Sumatera Province, Indonesia
Authors: Umar Iswandi
Published: June 2018

The flood disaster has caused much harm to human life. Efforts to reduce the losses incurred by the policy directed the development of disaster-based residential areas based. The purpose of determining the direction of the policy of settlement development in the area of flood hazard in Limapuluh Kota District. To determine policy direction using AHP approach by involving 25 experts from related institutions. To determine the sustainability of development using the MDS approach. The result of policy analysis of the development of settlement area in the flood hazard area shows that there are three alternatives, namely a) disaster education; b) increased socialization in the flood hazard zone, and c) disaster-based space planning. In addition, the analysis of the sustainability of the development of residential areas shows that the institutional and legal dimensions are still low. Therefore, it is necessary to have the firmness and consistency of the government in spatial planning.
Mitigation Policy of Flood Disaster in Sungai Penuh Town Province of Jambi, Indonesia
Authors: Raflus Ristika Utami , Iskarni Paus , Legaya Nicole
Published: June 2018

This research is based on the weak role of government in reducing the risk of flood disaster in Sungai Penuh Town appropriately, thus efforts are needed to avoid and decrease this situation, in other word mitigation of flood disaster is needed. The purpose of this study are analyzed the characteristics of area based catastrophic flooding, flood hazard, and flood risk and formulate mitigation policy and direction of flood disaster. The type of research is combined or mixed method. This study using quantitative Method used in determining volcano hazard, the level of vulnerability of the community, volcano risk and the use of qualitative Method used in determining the direction and mitigation policies towards mitigation of flood disaster. Findings research shows two characteristics area are good area that didn’t hazard of flood covering 4872 ha and bad area that cause the flood covering 30403 ha, with three levels of flood hazard are high flood hazard covering 3145 ha, medium flood hazard covering 1726 ha, and low flood hazard covering 30403 ha and three levels of flood risk are flood risk high covering 4872 ha, flood risk medium covering 6395 ha, and flood risk low covering 24008 ha. The high flood harmful for environment and agriculture, due this situation, this research is needed mitigation policy of flood disaster which set up zoning on any flood hazard zone, normalization downstream/ estuaries of river, doing and improving the coordination of government in the cross-sectoral of town and regency, developing the early warning system, and socialitation and provide training/ non-agricultural skills to the society.
Reclaiming Identity
Authors: Cuthers William Kainana
Published: June 2018

have been on an ongoing journey of self-discovery. I grew up knowing my maternal grandfather's indigenous Cook Island Māori heritage, however I knew little of  my Māori whakapapa or biological father’s Cook Island Māori heritage. As a result, I undertook this journey to find out 'who I am' and how I belong in the world. This article I will describe key experiences and people that have impacted my life, and explain how these experiences have influenced my interest in my identity. Having experienced this journey to reclaim my identity, I now realize my mana. Therefore, I acknowledge and celebrate my identity. My identity is taonga, and as a Māori and Cook Island Māori man I believe I am privileged with my birth right. My indigenous practice is the promotion of Māori and indigenous identity for the positive development of Māori and indigenous youth. In this essay, I will argue that having a strong sense of identity strengthens an individual's mana and the mana of the individual's family.
EL ARTE COMO HERRAMIENTA DE EMPODERAMIENTO DE LAS MUJERES DE ETNIA GITANA
Authors: Fernández Ortega Verónica
Published: June 2018

La intervención socioeducativa permite situar, conocer y actuar sobre los distintos contextos humanos, con el fin de favorecer la inclusión de los colectivos que conforman la sociedad.
 
En base a este pretexto, a continuación se presentan las bases de un estudio realizado durante el curso académico 2016-2017, en colaboración con el Departamento de Historia del Arte de la Universidad de Valladolid, sobre el papel del arte como herramienta de empoderamiento de las mujeres gitanas, llevado a cabo a través de una fase teórica y la puesta en escena de una fase práctica con un grupo de mujeres gitanas de la ciudad de Palencia.
 
Dicho proyecto plantea, en definitiva, la necesidad de utilizar el arte como herramienta de liberación ante la presión social a la que están sometidas aún hoy en día las mujeres, además de un medio de reconocimiento, aceptación y empoderamiento a los ojos de la sociedad, de tal manera que cada mujer tenga la posibilidad de reconocer la genealogía femenina en el ámbito de su cultura y la creación, así como de expresar sus deseos, pensamientos e ideas hacia un camino que las guíe hacia la plena igualdad social.
UNA APROXIMACIÓN AL CONCEPTO DE IDENTIDAD CULTURAL A PARTIR DE EXPERIENCIAS: EL PATRIMONIO Y LA EDUCACIÓN
Authors: Cepeda Ortega Jesús
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo trata de ofrecer una aproximación al concepto de identidad cultural a través de la revisión de otros conceptos que forjan dicha idea, como son el patrimonio, la educación patrimonial y el turismo cultural. Además, se ponen de manifiesto diferentes proyectos y experiencias llevados a cabo tanto a nivel regional, en la comunidad de Castilla y León, como a nivel provincial, en la provincia de Palencia, sobre diferentes políticas de fomento de la identidad cultural.
A partir de dichas ideas, se pretende incentivar la creación de nuevos programas en las aulas de Educación Primaria y Secundaria que doten de sentido al patrimonio más próximo a los jóvenes con el objetivo de que lo sientan como propio.
Pullout Capacity Of Cylindrical Block Embedded In Sand
Authors: Sternik Krzysztof , Dołżyk-Szypcio Katarzyna
Published: June 2018

Calculation of pullout capacity of anchoring concrete cylindrical block by finite element method is carried out. 3D model of the block assumes its free rotation. Alternative solutions with one and two pulling forces attached at different heights of the block are considered. Dependency of the ultimate pulling force on the points of its application, the block’s embedment depth as well as contact friction are investigated. Results of FE analysis and simple engineering estimations are compared. The maximum pullout resistance results from FE analysis when the rotation of the block is prevented.
Evaluating the London Dispersion Coefficients of Protein Force Fields Using the Exchange-Hole Dipole Moment Model
Authors: Walters Evan T. , Mohebifar Mohamad , Johnson Erin R. , Rowley Christopher
Published: June 2018

London dispersion is one of the fundamental intermolecular interactions involved in protein folding and dynamics. The popular CHARMM36, Amber ff14sb, and OPLS-AA force fields represent these interactions through the C6 /r 6 term of the Lennard-Jones potential. The C6 parameters are assigned empirically, so these parameters arenot necessarily a realistic representation of the true dispersion interactions. In this work, dispersion coefficients of all three force fields were compared to correspondingvalues from quantum-chemical calculations using the exchange-hole dipole moment (XDM) model. The force field values were found to be roughly 50% larger than the XDM values for protein backbone and side-chain models. The CHARMM36 and Amber OL15 force fields for nucleic acids were also found to exhibit this trend. To explore how these elevated dispersion coefficients affect predicted properties, the hydration energies of the side-chain models were calculated using the staged REMD-TI method of Deng and Roux for the CHARMM36, Amber ff14sb, and OPLS-AA force fields. Despite having large C 6 dispersion coefficients, these force fields predict side-chain hydration energies that are in generally good agreement with the experimental values, including for hydrocarbon residues where the dispersion component is the dominant attractive solute–solvent interaction. This suggests that these force fields predict the correct total strength of dispersion interactions, despite C6 coefficients that are considerably larger than XDM predicts. An analytical expression for the water–methane dispersion energy using XDM dispersion coefficients shows that that higher-order dispersion terms(i.e., C 8 and C 10 ) account for roughly 37.5% of the hydration energy of methane. This suggests that the C 6 dispersion coefficients used in contemporary force fields areelevated to account for the neglected higher-order terms. Force fields that include higher-order dispersion interactions could resolve this issue.
Cell-Specific Chemical Delivery Using a Selective Nitroreductase–Nitroaryl Pair
Authors: Gruber Todd D. , Krishnamurthy Chithra , Grimm Jonathan B. , Tadross Michael R. , Wysocki Laura M. , Gartner Zev J. , Lavis Luke D.
Published: June 2018

The utility of small molecules to probe or perturb biological systems is limited by the lack of cell-specificity. ‘Masking’ the activity of small molecules using a general chemical modification and ‘unmasking’ it only within target cells could overcome this limitation. To this end, we have developed a selective enzyme–substrate pair consisting of engineered variants of E. coli nitroreductase (NTR) and a 2‑nitro-N-methylimidazolyl (NM) masking group. To discover and optimize this NTR–NM system, we synthesized a series of fluorogenic substrates containing different nitroaromatic masking groups, confirmed their stability in cells, and identified the best substrate for NTR. We then engineered the enzyme for improved activity in mammalian cells, ultimately yielding an enzyme variant (enhanced NTR, or eNTR) that possesses up to 100-fold increased activity over wild-type NTR. These improved NTR enzymes combined with the optimal NM masking group enable rapid, selective unmasking of dyes, indicators, and drugs to genetically defined populations of cells.
Authors: Schmiedel Andressa , Borges de Moura Cynthia
Published: June 2018

Objetivo: comparar o perfil comunicativo entre professor e alunos com e sem Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA).  Método: participaram do estudo dois sujeitos, do sexo masculino, frequentando o 5º ano fundamental em classe regular. Realizou-se a gravação, análise e comparação da comunicação entre o professor e um aluno diagnosticado com TEA e outro aluno sem o Transtorno. A análise foi realizada por meio do Protocolo de Pragmática por meio de recortes da comunicação.  Resultados: Os atos comunicativos por minuto prevaleceram para o aluno sem TEA, sendo o meio verbal mais utilizado por ambos os alunos. Em relação às funções comunicativas, dentre as vintes investigadas, somente três foram utilizadas por ambos os alunos durante a interação comunicativa com o professor. Conclusão: Apesar dos dados de atos comunicativos prevalecerem na comunicação do aluno sem TEA, de forma geral os demais dados mostraram que o aluno com TEA apresenta interação comunicativa e que esta assemelha-se ao do aluno sem o transtorno.
O Programa Mais Educação: uma proposta burguesa de educação integral
Authors: De Oliveira Gomes Marco Antonio
Published: June 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar historicamente a construção das propostas de educação integral e analisar as respectivas matrizes do Programa Mais Educação. Para tanto, retomamos brevemente as origens das concepções de educação integral no Brasil e suas vinculações com o movimento anarquista. Posteriormente, discutimos as propostas liberais e, em seguida, o Programa Mais Educação com seus limites e inconsistências do discurso eclético. Trata-se de uma análise documental e bibliográfica fundamentada em trabalhos como Castro e Faria (2002), Duarte (2010), Miranda e Santos (2012), Saviani (2003), Teixeira (1959), entre outros. O artigo aponta para os limites das propostas em curso que incorporam ações marcadas pela descontinuidade com destaque para a redução da responsabilidade do Estado diante da educação básica.
Editorial
Authors: Pacífico Juracy Machado , Bueno José Lucas Pedreira , Barros Josemir Ameida , Francisco Junior Wilmo Ernesto
Published: June 2018

Este Editorial apresenta o número 10, Volume 5 (2018), da Revista EDUCA - Revista Multidisciplinar em Educação. O número compõe-se de artigos de pesquisadores e pesquisadoras brasileiros e estrangeiros. A Revista EDUCA é um periódico científico vinculado ao Grupo de Pesquisa Multidisciplinar em Educação e Infância – Grupo EDUCA, que apoia o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Escolar, Mestrado Profissional, da Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR).
Comportamiento de la línea de costa del Caribe colombiano sector entre Barranquilla (Bocas de Ceniza) y Flecha de Galerazamba
Authors: Molina M. Amparo , Molina M. Consuelo , Thomas Yves , Molina M. Luz Elena
Published: June 2018

En este documento se evaluó el litoral de la costa Caribe colombiana en términos de erosión, acrecimiento sedimentario y estabilidad de la línea de costa comprendida entre Barranquilla (Bocas de Ceniza) y Flecha de Galerazamba.

Se determinó en forma digital, un inventario general de los cambios de posición y configuración de la línea de costa durante os últimos 61 años a partir del análisis de bases cartográficas, fotografías aéreas monocromáticas e imágenes de satélite multiespectrales SPOT y LANDSAT. La información se procesó con el programa canadiense EASI/PACE (PCI) para determinar, en forma cualitativa las variaciones de la línea de costa entre 1935 y 1947 y cuantificar en los últimos 10 años (1986-1996) la pérdida y ganancia de terrenos litorales, además del cálculo de las velocidades de avance y retroceso de las mismas.

Eventos de erosión y sedimentación han afectado las costas bajas provocando cambios morfológicos en la configuración de la línea de costa, reflejados en la migración de cuerpos arenosos en dirección al sur, ocasionando el retroceso de la barra de la Ciénaga de Mallorquín, la desaparición de Isla Verde, la formación de la Espiga de Puerto Colombia y el desarrollo de la Flecha de Galerazamba a lo largo de su longitud. La rapidez (velocidad de 10m/año) con que se han producido estos cambios morfológicos permitieron catalogarlas como zonas de sensibilidad a los procesos costeros. Durante los últimos 10 años a lo largo del perfil costero han predominado los eventos erosivos sobre los de acrecimiento sedimentario.
Un método de análisis del nubes con imágenes NOAA/AVHRR
Authors: Lonina Irina , Lonin Serguei , Benavides Jackeline , Andrade Carlos
Published: June 2018

El presente trabajo propone un método de análisis de los campos de nubosidad obtenidos desde las imágenes del AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer), en los satélites NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmosferic Administration).

El análisis empieza con la georeferenciación y rectificación de imágenes crudas. Luego se aplica una herramienta original para convertir la brillantez de cada imagen a la cantidad de nubes en forma numérica. Finalmente, los campos de nubosidad, presentados en forma de archivos numéricos, pueden ser analizados desde el punto de vista de los procesos físicos que ocurren en la zona.

Se propone la utilización de polinomios ortogonales de Chebishev, para la construcción de campos analíticos de nubosidad y el análisis de las series temporales de sus características.
Sistema de pronóstico de las condiciones oceanográficas del Mar Caribe
Authors: Lonin Serguei , Anduckia Juan Carlos , Parra Llanos Carlos , Morales Ricardo
Published: June 2018

Se presenta un sistema de pronóstico de los parámetros oceanográficos basado en un modelo hidrodinámico para el mar caribe. El sistema recibe información en tiempo cuasi-real sobre la temperatura superficial del mar procedente de satélites de la NOAA, para ser asimilada; adicionalmente, recibe datos de viento del modelo global meteorológico de alta resolución, UKMO (United Kingdom Meteorological Office), los cuales se utilizan como entradas diarias para realizar pronósticos hasta de 72 horas. El sistema está en capacidad de pronosticar el movimiento de una mancha de hidrocarburo derramada y la trayectoria de un artefacto flotante a la deriva; suministra información útil a las unidades de guerra sobre la estructura térmica de la columna de agua y puede tener aplicaciones en la pesquería, entre otras. Se describe el funcionamiento del sistema en el régimen de operación diaria, en caso de un accidente y cuando se requiere re-inicializar el modelo (régimen de falla).

Se describen en detalle la información de entrada al modelo, la formulación del bloque de transporte, y el software amigable que permite su operación.
Asimilación de datos de temperatura superficial del mar en el modelo de pronóstico de las condiciones oceanográficas del Mar Caribe
Authors: Anduckia Juan Carlos , Lonin Serguei , Ivanov Sergiy V.
Published: June 2018

En el marco del proyecto de investigación científica, “Modelación numérica aplicada a operaciones navales de búsqueda y rescate”, desarrollado en el Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas (Armada de Colombia), se presenta el concepto de asimilación de datos y una descripción de las técnicas de asimilación empleadas en el presente año 2003 para la asimilar la temperatura superficial del mar determinada por satélites de la NOAA en el modelo hidrodinámico de pronóstico de las condiciones oceanográficas del Mar Caribe.

Se describen los datos utilizados y los filtros aplicados a estos datos. Se comparan las dos técnicas de asimilación menos complejas desde el punto de vista computacional: la técnica de correcciones sucesivas basada en el método de Cressman y la interpolación óptima. En general, la segunda arroja mejores resultados puse reduce la variabilidad del campo analizado, pero es más costosa desde el punto de vista computacional.

Se discuten algunos resultados y ventajas de la asimilación en ambos esquemas.
Pronóstico del viento en el Mar Caribe a partir de los modelos MM5 y UKMO
Authors: Lonin Serguei , López Luis A.
Published: June 2018

En el marco del proyecto de investigación científica, “Validación y operacionalización de un modelo de circulación oceánica aplicado a operaciones navales de búsqueda y rescate”, desarrollado en el Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas (Armada de Colombia), fue necesario determinar la precisión de los datos de entrada al modelo.

El grado de confianza de los productos de pronóstico del modelo UKMO (United Kindom Meteorological Office) se estudia con base en comparaciones entre las salidas de este modelo y el MM5, empleado en el IDEAM, al igual que con datos de observaciones de campo disponibles de dos cruceros oceanográficos realizados durante el año 2003 en el mar Caribe.

El parámetro analizado es el viento, como principal factor que influye sobre el desplazamiento de las manchas de hidrocarburo y artefactos flotantes en el mar. Se determina cual es el error del análisis objetivo con respecto a la predicción a corto plazo, el error absoluto del pronóstico de viento y qué consecuencias puede tener dicho error, en términos cuantitativos, en el manejo operativo de un sistema de pronóstico de los parámetros oceanográficos para todo el Mar Caribe.
Ajuste y comparación de cartas, mapas y planos de los siglos XVIII y XIX
Authors: Díaz Prieto Jesús Josué
Published: June 2018

Los mapas, cartas y planos de las costas colombianas realizados durante los siglos XVIII y XIX, se han convertido hoy en una valiosa fuente de información cartográfica. Con el fin de facilitar su empleo se han desarrollado varios procedimientos para ajustarlas al Datum WGS-84. Estos procedimientos abarcan desde la georeferenciación de los mapas utilizando puntos comunes de referencia con las cartas actuales hasta la comparación con estas, para determinar los cambios batimétricos y de línea de costa que han tenido en los últimos 250 años.
Aspectos Oceanográficos de las aguas sobre la Depresión Providencia en mayo de 2004
Authors: Molares B. Ricardo , Vanegas J. Tatiana , Bustamante V. Juan , Andrade A. Carlos A.
Published: June 2018

Se investigaron las características oceanográficas de las aguas sobre la Depresión Providencia (Lat. 12.8º N, Long. 81.7º W) mediante un estudio físico, químico y biológico hecho a bordo del BO ARC Providencia del 25 de mayo al 17 de junio de 2004. Análisis de los parámetros físicos mostraron que la llegada de una onda atmosférica proveniente del Este modificó la capa de mezcla profundizándola de 35 a 55 m en ocho días. Estimaciones geostróficas indicaron un flujo principalmente hacia el sur de ~0.12 m/s. Las capas superficiales no se encontraron ocupadas por agua superficial del Caribe indicando la poca influencia de los grandes ríos suramericanos en la región en esta época. El núcleo de agua subsuperficial subtropical tuvo salinidades superiores a 37.0 en 125 m de profundidad, valores altos de acuerdo con la climatología. El agua intermedia antártica presentó una salinidad mínima de 34.795 en 700 m de profundidad y se encontró agua profunda del Atlántico Norte en profundidad. Las medidas químicas y de nutrientes estuvieron dentro de los rangos conocidos para el área estudiada y se reportan especies de macrofauna de superficie y béntica viva en el momento del muestreo. Los parámetros estudiados indicaron que las aguas en la Depresión estuvieron bien ventiladas en el momento de las mediciones.
Asimilación de anomalías del nivel del mar en el sistema de predicción oceánica de DIMAR
Authors: Lonin Serguei A. , Anduckia Juan C.
Published: June 2018

Se presentan algunos ensayos de asimilación de anomalías del nivel del mar con base en datos de altimetría del satélite TOPEX/POSEIDON en el modelo hidrodinámico de pronóstico de las condiciones oceanográficas del mar Caribe que conforma el Sistema de Predicción Oceánica de DIMAR (SPOD). Se describen los datos utilizados, los filtros empleados y los resultados de las simulaciones llevadas a cabo mediante el procedimiento de “asimilación estática”. Este último algoritmo se aplica en el procedimiento de amarre de los campos climatológicos, tanto dentro del dominio como en los contornos líquidos, solucionando el problema de las condiciones de frontera en el modelo.
Clasificación e identificación de las componentes de marea del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Molares B. Ricardo
Published: June 2018

Muy poca investigación ha sido efectuada para caracterizar las principales componentes de marea en el mar Caribe colombiano. Por muchos años el IDEAM (Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) ha recolectado información de niveles del mar en Cartagena, Islas del Rosario y San Andrés Islas con propósitos estadísticos.

En el presente estudio, las series de tiempo de nivel del mar fueron tratadas para su análisis harmónico usando las rutinas de Matlab de R. Pawlowicz y para análisis espectral se empleó la transformada rápida de Fourier.

Usando el criterio de Courtier, el análisis muestra que las mareas en Cartagena y las Islas del Rosario es mixta principalmente diurna mientras que en San Andrés Isla la marea es mixta principalmente semidiurna.
Predicción del comportamiento de las manchas de hidrocarburo derramado en el mar
Authors: Lonin Serguei , Parra Llanos Carlos
Published: June 2018

Se describe el “estado del arte” de la modelación de desplazamiento y evolución de manchas de hidrocarburos, implementado en el CIOH como un sistema operativo para facilitar el proceso de mitigación de la contaminación en el caso de derrames para las áreas de la industria petrolera y en el Mar Caribe en general. Se presenta el software amigable para el uso operativo del modelo de la Bahía de Cartagena y del sistema SPOD para el mar Caribe. Se discuten los problemas de utilización de esta tecnología.
Dinámica planctónica, microbiológica y fisicoquímica en cuatro muelles de la Bahía de Cartagena y buques de tráfico internacional
Authors: Cañón Páez Mary Luz , Venegas Tatiana , Gavilán Marcela , Morris Luis Fernando , Tous Gustavo
Published: June 2018

Se monitorearon durante el segundo y tercer trimestre del año 2004, cuatro muelles en la Bahía de Cartagena y los tanques de cuatro buques de tráfico internacional, para determinar la diversidad planctónica, microbiológica y características fisicoquímicas presentes tanto en el medio como en los tanques de los buques. Lo anterior, con el fin de establecer la composición fitoplanctónica, zooplanctónica y características ambientales que predominan en éstos y posteriormente establecer si a través del lastre de buques de tráfico internacional están llegando especies invasoras que afecten las características propias del sistema. Así mismo, a través de información secundaría fue posible establecer el reporte de 422 especies fitoplanctónicas, las cuales son consideradas propias de la bahía y la base para establecer la posible introducción de nuevas especies. El monitoreo determinó la presencia de 116 especies fitoplanctónicas, 23 de las cuales fueron reportadas en los buques, 78 taxa zooplanctónicas siendo siete taxa identificadas en los buques y la presencia de Aeromonas hydrophila, Serratia sp., Pantoea sp., Providencia rettgeri, Yersinia sp., Enterobacter sp., Pasteurela sp., Proteus mirabilis y P. vulgaris, Citrobacter sp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, y V. algynolyticus.

En cuanto a los parámetros fisicoquímicos, se observó que durante la época seca se presentaron los valores más altos de salinidad, transparencia, feofitina a y velocidad del viento, en la época de transición de nutrientes (amonio, nitritos, ortofosfatos) y en la época de lluvias de clorofila a, b c, oxígeno disuelto, pH y temperatura. Cabe mencionar, que los valores reportados para las estaciones superficiales fueron mayores que para las estaciones de fondo, coincidiendo con los estudios realizados por otros autores para la bahía, observándose aun condiciones hidroquímicas aerobias en el fondo. Los tanques de los buques reportaron valores más bajos que de las estaciones de la bahía durante las tres temporadas del año.

En las temporadas de transición y lluvias las estaciones superficiales de CONTECAR, Néstor Pineda y Muelles El Bosque, reportaron los niveles más altos de contaminación fecal, así como de hogos con valores que oscilaron entre 500 - 160000 NMP/ml de coliformes fecales y entre 1766 - 17000 UFC/100ml de hongos. Los reportes microbiológicos de los buques fueron considerados aceptables, sin embargo uno de los buques representan un aporte de contaminantes desde el punto de vista sanitario, por lo cual es necesario incrementar el control para evitar riesgo de contaminación por patógenos.