bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Quantum Superstatistics and the Critical Behavior of Nonextensive Ideal Bose Gases
Authors: Obregón Octavio , López José Luis , Ortega-Cruz Marco
Published: October 2018

We explore some important consequences of the quantum ideal Bose gas, the properties of which are described by a non-extensive entropy. We consider in particular two entropies that depend only on the probability. These entropies are defined in the framework of superstatistics, and in this context, such entropies arise when a system is exposed to non-equilibrium conditions, whose general effects can be described by a generalized Boltzmann factor and correspondingly by a generalized probability distribution defining a different statistics. We generalize the usual statistics to their quantum counterparts, and we will focus on the properties of the corresponding generalized quantum ideal Bose gas. The most important consequence of the generalized Bose gas is that the critical temperature predicted for the condensation changes in comparison with the usual quantum Bose gas. Conceptual differences arise when comparing our results with the ones previously reported regarding the q-generalized Bose–Einstein condensation. As the entropies analyzed here only depend on the probability, our results cannot be adjusted by any parameter. Even though these results are close to those of non-extensive statistical mechanics for q ∼ 1 , they differ and cannot be matched for any q.
Policies to Reduce Lead Exposure: Lessons from Buffalo and Rochester
Authors: Magavern Sam
Published: October 2018

Lead exposure remains a major issue in cities, such as Buffalo and Rochester, with concentrated, segregated poverty and old, deteriorated housing stock. Exploring and comparing local policies and programs in these two cities, the author suggests that increasing the number of proactive housing inspections in high-risk areas and forming a single-purpose non-profit group dedicated to lead education and advocacy are two valuable interventions. He recommends additional policy steps, such as more stringent inspection standards; state adoption of the Environmental Protection Agency’s Renovation and Repair Program; the lowering of state elevated blood level thresholds; a focus on in-person, interactive education by community health workers; and more vigorous enforcement of testing requirements among physicians.
Exposure to Adverse Social Behavior in the Workplace and Sickness Presenteeism among Korean Workers: The Mediating Effects of Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Choi Sookja , Yi Yunjeong , Kim Jiyun
Published: October 2018

Adverse social behavior (ASB) by colleagues or superiors in the workplace is considered highly stressful for workers in South Korea. The authors investigate the mechanism by which ASB reduces productivity (measured in terms of sickness presenteeism (SP)), by examining the potential mediating role of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). All data are derived from the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey, which investigated a representative sample of the working population. The authors analyze their general characteristics (age, gender, income, and education), work-related factors (job type, occupational ergonomic risk, job resource, employment contract, work schedule, working hour, and job demand), and health-related factors (self-rated health and MSDs). The authors use a two-step regression analysis to estimate the direct effect of ASB on SP and the indirect effect of SP via MSDs. The authors find that MSDs mediate 16.7% of the total effect of ASB on SP. When employment type and job conditions are considered, the role of the mediating variable in the group with a permanent contract, no shift or night work, and high working time is greater than the counterpart of each variable. Various strategies are needed to address MSDs according to the working environment, which might help limit the negative impact of ASB on SP.
Extension of the Advanced REACH Tool (ART) to Include Welding Fume Exposure
Authors: Sailabaht Aduldatch , Wang Fan , Cherrie John
Published: October 2018

The Advanced REACH Tool (ART) is a mechanistic higher tier model to estimate inhalation exposure to chemicals using a Bayesian approach. Currently the ART model does not include exposure to welding fumes within its applicability domain; it has only been calibrated for vapours, mists, and dusts. To extend the scope to metal fumes it is necessary to review the model structure to ensure that it is appropriate, and to calibrate the updated model using available welding fume exposure measurements. This paper provides a discussion of the key modifying factors (MFs) that should be considered to extend the ART model to include welding fume exposure. Based on our literature review, welding process type, input power level, shield gas, and welding electrodes have important impact on fume formation rates (FFRs). In addition, the convective dispersion of the fume away from the weld and the interaction of the welder with the fume plume should be incorporated into the ART model. Other aspects of the ART, such as the local ventilation, do not require modification to accommodate welding fume exposure. The ART does not include the impact of wearing personal protective equipment and so this is not included in our evaluation. Proposals are made for extending the scope of the ART to include welding processes.
Environmental Drivers of Bacillus-Positive Blood Cultures in a Cancer Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
Authors: Fujita Takahiro , Nishiura Hiroshi
Published: October 2018

The Bacillus species is a well-documented causative pathogen of nosocomial bloodstream infection. The present study aimed to identify climatological variables that are associated with Bacillus-positive blood culture in Sapporo, Japan. All cases with Bacillus-positive blood cultures from January 2011 to December 2016 were retrospectively analysed. Climatological data from 2011 to 2016, including daily mean temperature and absolute humidity, were retrieved from the Japan Meteorological Agency. Employing a hazard-based statistical model to describe the non-homogeneous counting process in which temperature and absolute humidity act as explanatory variables, we computed all possible models with variable lengths of time lag. Akaike Information Criterion was computed to identify the best fitted model. High wavelet power at 12 months was identified for the period from 2013 onwards, which coincided with the time period in which sampling multiple sets of blood culture has been recommended. The temperature-only model with a lag of six days yielded a high sensitivity value (72.1%) and appeared to be the optimal model to predict Bacillus-positive blood culture with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value. Temperature was identified as a climatological driver of Bacillus-positive blood culture. Our statistical modelling exercise offers an important message for infection control practices to improve awareness among healthcare workers of the identified association and mechanically controlled in-room temperature.
Importance of Mineral Nutrition for Mitigating Aluminum Toxicity in Plants on Acidic Soils: Current Status and Opportunities
Authors: Rahman Md. Atikur , Lee Sang-Hoon , Ji Hee Chung , Kabir Ahmad Humayan , Jones Chris Stephen , Lee Ki-Won
Published: October 2018

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the major limitations that inhibit plant growth and development in acidic soils. In acidic soils (pH < 5.0), phototoxic-aluminum (Al3+) rapidly inhibits root growth, and subsequently affects water and nutrient uptake in plants. This review updates the existing knowledge concerning the role of mineral nutrition for alleviating Al toxicity in plants to acid soils. Here, we explored phosphorus (P) is more beneficial in plants under P-deficient, and Al toxic conditions. Exogenous P addition increased root respiration, plant growth, chlorophyll content, and dry matter yield. Calcium (Ca) amendment (liming) is effective for correcting soil acidity, and for alleviating Al toxicity. Magnesium (Mg) is able to prevent Al migration through the cytosolic plasma membrane in root tips. Sulfur (S) is recognized as a versatile element that alleviates several metals toxicity including Al. Moreover, silicon (Si), and other components such as industrial byproducts, hormones, organic acids, polyamines, biofertilizers, and biochars played promising roles for mitigating Al toxicity in plants. Furthermore, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of several new methods and low-cost effective strategies relevant to the exogenous application of mineral nutrition on Al toxicity mitigation. This information would be effective for further improvement of crop plants in acid soils.
Protective Immune Responses Generated in a Murine Model Following Immunization with Recombinant Schistosoma japonicum Insulin Receptor
Authors: You Hong , Harvie Marina , Du Xiaofeng , Rivera Vanessa , Zhang Ping , McManus Donald P.
Published: October 2018

There is a pressing need to develop vaccines for schistosomiasis given the current heavy dependency on praziquantel as the only available drug for treatment. We previously showed the ligand domain of the Schistosoma japonicum insulin receptor 1 and 2 (rSjLD1 and 2) fusion proteins conferred solid protection in mice against challenge infection with S. japonicum. To improve vaccine efficacy, we compared the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of rSjLD1 on its own and in combination with S. japonicum triose-phosphate isomerase (SjTPI), formulated with either of two adjuvants (QuilA and montanide ISA 720VG) in murine vaccine trials against S. japonicum challenge. The level of protection was higher in mice vaccinated only with rSjLD1 formulated with either adjuvant; rSjTPI or the rSjTPI-rSjLD1 combination resulted in a lower level of protection. Mirroring our previous results, there were significant reductions in the number of female worms (30–44%), faecal eggs (61–68%), liver eggs (44–56%), intestinal eggs (46–48%) and mature intestinal eggs (58–63%) in the rSjLD1-vaccinated mice compared with the adjuvant only groups. At 6-weeks post-cercarial challenge, a significantly increased production of interferon gamma (IFNγ) in rSjLD1-stimulated splenic CD4+ T cells was observed in the rSjLD1-vaccinated mice suggesting a Th1-type response is associated with the generated level of protective efficacy.
Epigenetic Modifiers in Myeloid Malignancies: The Role of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
Authors: Ungerstedt Johanna S.
Published: October 2018

Myeloid hematological malignancies are clonal bone marrow neoplasms, comprising of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and systemic mastocytosis (SM). The field of epigenetic regulation of normal and malignant hematopoiesis is rapidly growing. In recent years, heterozygous somatic mutations in genes encoding epigenetic regulators have been found in all subtypes of myeloid malignancies, supporting the rationale for treatment with epigenetic modifiers. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are epigenetic modifiers that, in vitro, have been shown to induce growth arrest, apoptotic or autophagic cell death, and terminal differentiation of myeloid tumor cells. These effects were observed both at the bulk tumor level and in the most immature CD34+38− cell compartments containing the leukemic stem cells. Thus, there is a strong rationale supporting HDACi therapy in myeloid malignancies. However, despite initial promising results in phase I trials, HDACi in monotherapy as well as in combination with other drugs, have failed to improve responses or survival. This review provides an overview of the rationale for HDACi in myeloid malignancies, clinical results and speculations on why clinical trials have thus far not met the expectations, and how this may be improved in the future.
Mesoporous Titanium Dioxide: Synthesis and Applications in Photocatalysis, Energy and Biology
Authors: Niu Ben , Wang Xin , Wu Kai , He Xianru , Zhang Rui
Published: October 2018

Mesoporous materials are materials with high surface area and intrinsic porosity, and therefore have attracted great research interest due to these unique structures. Mesoporous titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most widely studied mesoporous materials given its special characters and enormous applications. In this article, we highlight the significant work on mesoporous TiO2 including syntheses and applications, particularly in the field of photocatalysis, energy and biology. Different synthesis methods of mesoporous TiO2—including sol–gel, hydrothermal, solvothermal method, and other template methods—are covered and compared. The applications in photocatalysis, new energy batteries and in biological fields are demonstrated. New research directions and significant challenges of mesoporous TiO2 are also discussed.
In Situ Generation of Fluorescent Copper Nanoclusters Embedded in Monolithic Eggshell Membrane: Properties and Applications
Authors: Li Lu , Huang Min , Liu Xianhu , Sun Dengming , Shao Congying
Published: October 2018

Luminescent metal nanoclusters have attracted considerable research attention in recent years due to their unique properties and extensive usage in many fields. Three different synthetic routes were developed to in situ generate orange and red emitting copper nanoclusters embedded in monolithic eggshell membrane (Cu NCs@ESM) using different reducing reagents including N2H4·H2O, NH2OH·HCl and Vitamin C at room temperature for the first time. The routes are extremely facile, low-cost and versatile. The obtained Cu NCs@ESM nanocomposites exhibit excellent photostability and chemical stability, laying the foundation for various practical applications. Fluorescent surface patterning was demonstrated based on the proposed strategy easily. Significantly, the Cu NCs@ESM shows selective fluorescence quenching response to Hg2+ ions and good catalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) reduction degradation making it ideal as portable sensing strip and recyclable catalyst. The work provides a general strategy for the fabrication of other various monolithic nanomaterials with potential applications.
The Use of Selective Laser Melting to Increase the Performance of AlSi9Cu3Fe Alloy
Authors: Fousova Michaela , Dvorsky Drahomir , Vronka Marek , Vojtech Dalibor , Lejcek Pavel
Published: October 2018

For the first time, the comprehensive characterization of the additively manufactured AlSi9Cu3Fe alloy is reported in this paper. Conventionally, the AlSi9Cu3(Fe) alloy is prepared by high-pressure die casting (HPDC), but this technology largely does not offer such opportunities as additive manufacturing (AM) does, especially in the design of new lightweight parts. In the present paper, testing samples were prepared by selective laser melting (SLM), one of the AM technologies, and characterized in terms of their microstructure (by means of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy in combination with analytical techniques for evaluation of chemical and phase composition) and mechanical properties (static tension, compression, and hardness). All the characteristics were compared with the HPDC reference material. Our study showed an excellent improvement both in strength (374 ± 11 MPa compared to 257 ± 17 MPa) and plasticity (1.9 ± 0.2% compared to 1.2 ± 0.5%) of the material thanks to its very fine and distinctive microstructure.
A Hybrid Finite Volume and Extended Finite Element Method for Hydraulic Fracturing with Cohesive Crack Propagation in Quasi-Brittle Materials
Authors: Liu Chong , Shen Zhenzhong , Gan Lei , Jin Tian , Zhang Hongwei , Liu Detan
Published: October 2018

High-pressure hydraulic fractures are often reported in real engineering applications, which occur due to the existence of discontinuities such as cracks, faults, or shear bands. In this paper, a hybrid finite volume and extended finite element method (FVM-XFEM) is developed for simulating hydro-fracture propagation in quasi-brittle materials, in which the coupling between fluids and deformation is considered. Flow within the fracture is modelled using lubrication theory for a one-dimensional laminar flow that obeys the cubic law. The solid deformation is governed by the linear momentum balance equation under quasi-static conditions. The cohesive crack model is used to analyze the non-linear fracture process zone ahead of the crack tip. The discretization of the pressure field is implemented by employing the FVM, while the discretization of the displacement field is accomplished through the use of the XFEM. The final governing equations of a fully coupled hydro-mechanical problem is solved using the Picard iteration method. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is demonstrated through three examples. Moreover, the fluid pressure distribution along the fracture, the fracture mouth width, and the pattern of the fracture are investigated. It is shown that the numerical results correlated well with the theoretical solutions and experimental results.
Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Sensor Based on Polyelectrolyte Composite Film Decorated Glassy Carbon Electrode for Detection of Nitrite in Curing Food at Sub-Micromolar Level
Authors: Ning Jingheng , Luo Xin , Wang Min , Li Jiaojiao , Liu Donglin , Rong Hou , Chen Donger , Wang Jianhui
Published: October 2018

To ensure food quality and safety, developing cost-effective, rapid and precision analytical techniques for quantitative detection of nitrite is highly desirable. Herein, a novel electrochemical sensor based on the sodium cellulose sulfate/poly (dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) (NaCS/PDMDAAC) composite film modified glass carbon electrode (NaCS/PDMDAAC/GCE) was proposed toward the detection of nitrite at sub-micromolar level, aiming to make full use of the inherent properties of individual component (biocompatible, low cost, good electrical conductivity for PDMDAAC; non-toxic, abundant raw materials, good film forming ability for NaCS) and synergistic enhancement effect. The NaCS/PDMDAAC/GCE was fabricated by a simple drop-casting method. Electrochemical behaviors of nitrite at NaCS/PDMDAAC/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under optimum conditions, the NaCS/PDMDAAC/GCE exhibits a wide linear response region of 4.0 × 10−8 mol·L−1~1.5 × 10−4 mol·L−1 and a low detection 1imit of 43 nmol·L−1. The NaCS/PDMDAAC shows a synergetic enhancement effect toward the oxidation of nitrite, and the sensing performance is much better than the previous reports. Moreover, the NaCS/PDMDAAC also shows good stability and reproducibility. The NaCS/PDMDAAC/GCE was successfully applied to the determination of nitrite in ham sausage with satisfactory results.
A 3D Printable Thermal Energy Storage Crystalline Gel Using Mask-Projection Stereolithography
Authors: Mao Yuchen , Miyazaki Takuya , Sakai Kohei , Gong Jin , Zhu Meifang , Ito Hiroshi
Published: October 2018

Most of the phase change materials (PCMs) have been limited to use as functional additions or sealed in containers, and extra auxiliary equipment or supporting matrix is needed. The emergence of 3D printing technique has dramatically advanced the developments of materials and simplified production processes. This study focuses on a novel strategy to model thermal energy storage crystalline gels with three-dimensional architecture directly from liquid resin without supporting materials through light-induced polymerization 3D printing technique. A mask-projection stereolithography printer was used to measure the 3D printing test, and the printable characters of crystalline thermal energy storage P(SA-DMAA) gels with different molar ratios were evaluated. For the P(SA-DMMA) gels with a small fraction of SA, the 3D fabrication was realized with higher printing precision both on milli- and micro- meter scales. As a comparison of 3D printed samples, P(SA-DMAA) gels made by other two methods, post-UV curing treatment after 3D printing and UV curing using conventional mold, were prepared. The 3D printed P(SA-DMAA) gels shown high crystallinity. Post-UV curing treatment was beneficial to full curing of 3D printed gels, but did not lead to the further improvement of the crystal structure to get higher crystallinity. The P(SA-DMAA) crystalline gel having the highest energy storage enthalpy was developed, which reached 69.6 J·g−1. Its good thermoregulation property in the temperature range from 25 to 40 °C was proved. The P(SA-DMAA) gels are feasible for practical applications as one kind of 3D printing material with thermal energy storage and thermoregulation functionality.
Toward High Throughput Core-CBCM CMOS Capacitive Sensors for Life Science Applications: A Novel Current-Mode for High Dynamic Range Circuitry
Authors: Forouhi Saghi , Dehghani Rasoul , Ghafar-Zadeh Ebrahim
Published: October 2018

This paper proposes a novel charge-based Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) capacitive sensor for life science applications. Charge-based capacitance measurement (CBCM) has significantly attracted the attention of researchers for the design and implementation of high-precision CMOS capacitive biosensors. A conventional core-CBCM capacitive sensor consists of a capacitance-to-voltage converter (CVC), followed by a voltage-to-digital converter. In spite of their high accuracy and low complexity, their input dynamic range (IDR) limits the advantages of core-CBCM capacitive sensors for most biological applications, including cellular monitoring. In this paper, after a brief review of core-CBCM capacitive sensors, we address this challenge by proposing a new current-mode core-CBCM design. In this design, we combine CBCM and current-controlled oscillator (CCO) structures to improve the IDR of the capacitive readout circuit. Using a 0.18 μm CMOS process, we demonstrate and discuss the Cadence simulation results to demonstrate the high performance of the proposed circuitry. Based on these results, the proposed circuit offers an IDR ranging from 873 aF to 70 fF with a resolution of about 10 aF. This CMOS capacitive sensor with such a wide IDR can be employed for monitoring cellular and molecular activities that are suitable for biological research and clinical purposes.
Student Choice in Higher Education—Reducing or Reproducing Social Inequalities?
Authors: Callender Claire , Dougherty Kevin J.
Published: October 2018

A hallmark of recent higher education policy in developed economies is the move towards quasi-markets involving greater student choice and provider competition, underpinned by cost-sharing policies. This paper examines the idealizations and illusions of student choice and marketization in higher education policy in England, although the overall conclusions have relevance for other countries whose higher education systems are shaped by neoliberal thinking. First, it charts the evolution of the student-choice rationale through an analysis of government commissioned reports, white papers, and legislation, focusing on policy rhetoric and the purported benefits of increasing student choice and provider competition. Second, the paper tests the predictions advanced by the student-choice rationale—increased and wider access, improved institutional quality, and greater provider responsiveness to the labour market—and finds them largely not met. Finally, the paper explores how conceptual deficiencies in the student-choice model explain why the idealization of student choice has largely proved illusionary. Government officials have narrowly conceptualized students as rational calculators primarily weighing the economic costs and benefits of higher education and the relative quality of institutions and programs. There is little awareness that student choices are shaped by several other factors as well and that these vary considerably by social background. The paper concludes that students’ choices are socially constrained and stratified, reproducing and legitimating social inequality.
Protective Effect of N-Acetylcysteine against Oxidative Stress Induced by Zearalenone via Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway in SIEC02 Cells
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Li Mengmeng , Zhang Wei , Gu Aixin , Dong Jiawen , Li Jianping , Shan Anshan
Published: October 2018

Zearalenone (ZEN), a nonsteroidal estrogen mycotoxin, is widely found in feed and foodstuffs. Intestinal cells may become the primary target of toxin attack after ingesting food containing ZEN. Porcine small intestinal epithelial (SIEC02) cells were selected to assess the effect of ZEN exposure on the intestine. Cells were exposed to ZEN (20 µg/mL) or pretreated with (81, 162, and 324 µg/mL) N-acetylcysteine (NAC) prior to ZEN treatment. Results indicated that the activities of glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and glutathione reductase (GR) were reduced by ZEN, which induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production. Moreover, these activities increased apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and regulated the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-9, and cytochrome c (cyto c). Additionally, NAC pretreatment reduced the oxidative damage and inhibited the apoptosis induced by ZEN. It can be concluded that ZEN-induced oxidative stress and damage may further induce mitochondrial apoptosis, and pretreatment of NAC can degrade this damage to some extent.
Understanding the Relationship between Water Infrastructure and Socio-Political Configurations: A Case Study from Sri Lanka
Authors: Paranage Kavindra
Published: October 2018

Academic scholarship in the social sciences has, in recent years, documented how water management infrastructure connects and disconnects people and flows, portraying and defining inequalities. The present work contributes to advancing this perspective by undertaking a case study to comparatively examine two irrigation-based water infrastructure systems in Sri Lanka: the tank cascade system and the surface irrigation system. The analysis demonstrates that differences in the layout of the water infrastructure directly contribute to the ways in which downstream communities are socially, economically and politically configured. Specifically, the arrangement of water infrastructure influences the degree of water users’ dependence on each other, the degree of social stratification between head-end and tail-end farmers, and the degree to which water is regarded as an ‘economic’ object. It can be concluded that the technical system of water infrastructure is inextricably bound to society and should, therefore, be considered a socio-material assemblage. Thus, it is important that policy decisions on water infrastructure management treat the structuring of infrastructure as experimental and potentially reversible.
Saint-Martin-de-Verson (Calvados), nécropole des VIIe et VIIIe siècles
Authors: Pilet-Lemière Jacqueline , Levalet Daniel
Published: October 2018

Les fouilles menées d'octobre 1970 à juillet 1971 et durant le mois de juillet 1972 ont permis de dégager en partie la nécropole du haut Moyen Age située sur la Delle St-Martin, au Nord de l'actuelle commune de Verson (Calvados). Le village ancien de Verson, avant son déplacement sur les bords de l'Odon, et l' église St-Martin, se trouvaient ci l'Ouest et au Sud-Ouest de ta nécropole mais ni les couvertures aériennes, ni les sondages qui ont été effectués n'ont permis d'en préciser les vestiges. Le site a également souffert des installations dues à la guerre 1939-1945 et de V implantation de la décharge municipale. Dans le secteur de la nécropole étudié, 186 sépultures et fosses ont été mises au jour mais l'étude anthropologique qui s'achève porte à 296 le nombre global des individus recensés, dont un pourcentage notable d'enfants. Toutes les sépultures sont orientées est-ouest et creusées dans la roche calcaire à l'exception de quelques sarcophages et de quelques inhumations en terre libre. Le mobilier, pauvre et peu original, n'est pas associé au rite du dépôt funéraire ; c'est essentiellement un mobilier de parure et d'habillement qui porte souvent des traces de réparations ; il est caractéristique, pour nos régions, de la fin du VIIe et du début du VIIIe siècle.
Les cathédrales de Thérouanne
Authors: Bernard Honoré
Published: October 2018

Les fouilles reprises en 1961 ont mis au jour trois constructions successives : un groupe épiscopal du VIIe siècle sans doute, un ensemble décryptés du milieu du IXe, et un grand édifice gothique, commencé sans doute dès le milieu du XIIe s., et qui disparut en même temps que le reste de la ville lors du sac de 1533. La présente étude concerne seulement les états du haut Moyen Age.

Il ne reste du groupe épiscopal que de fort minces vestiges, quelques lits de pierres. L' implantation de ces restes, contrôlée en de multiples points du site de la fouille, a néanmoins permis de restituer un tracé organique. On y voit notamment un sanctuaire nord, orienté, que conserveront les états postérieurs, un sanctuaire médian plus petit, et un bâtiment rectangulaire cantonné d'absidioles, qui faisait peut-être office de baptistère. Le tout s'organise sur une sorte d'area et suit les données profondes de certaines constructions du Bas-Empire.

Les cryptes carolingiennes reprennent et développent cet état originel. Il semble que le nouveau complexe remontant sans doute à Vépiscopat de Folquin soit resté inachevé, ce qui rejoint d'ailleurs les autres données historiques de la région. Gravitant autour de sa c.ella centrale, avec son ambulacre desservant à l'est une crypte de chevet formée de trois chapelles, cet édifice «inférieur » est à mettre en regard d'autres témoins bien connus de cette époque, comme les cryptes de St-Germain d'Auxerre. Il incorpore le sanctuaire nord antérieur, engendrant un curieux jumelage de bâtiments cultuels.
L'habitat médiéval immergé de Colletière à Charavines (Isère). Premier bilan des fouilles
Authors: Colardelle Renée , Colardelle Michel , Leboutet L. , Olive Philippe , Olive Claude , Lundström-Baudais Karen
Published: October 2018

Une fouille de sauvetage, entreprise depuis 1972 dans les eaux du lac de Paladru à Charavines-les-Bains, a permis la découverte d'un habitat du XIe siècle. Les conditions particulières dues à l'immersion ont été à l'origine de la conservation de très nombreux éléments de matière organique en plus des céramiques et des objets de métal : poteaux et pièces d'architecture, outils, ustensiles de cuisine, instruments de musique, jeux etc... On a ainsi l'image d'une société semi-seigneuriale, semi-paysanne, installée au XIe siècle à la frontière de deux grands fiefs en cours de création, le Dauphiné et la Savoie, vraisemblablement en liaison avec la création d'un réseau de fortifications de terre. L'abondance et la richesse de son équipement, son mode de vie, introduisent des notions tout à fait nouvelles dans l'histoire régionale.
Une collaboration archéologue-anthropologue
Authors: Buchet Luc
Published: October 2018

L'objet de ce bref exposé est de montrer en quoi une collaboration effective entre f archéologue et V anthropologue est profitable à l'historien. Celui-ci peut bénéficier, lorsque le travail est mené en commun depuis la préparation de la fouille jusqu'à sa publication, d'informations plus riches sur les structures de la collectivité, qu'elles soient culturelles, ethniques, génétiques ou démographiques.
Fouille de la salle capitulaire de Saint-Martin-de-Boscherville (Seine-Maritime)
Authors: Le Maho Jacques
Published: October 2018

La fouille de la salle capitulaire de Boscherville en Sne-Mme a révélé sous le bâtiment actuel de la fin du XIIe siècle les témoins d'une occupation quasi-continue du site depuis l'époque gallo -romaine jusqu'au XIXe siècle. Les deux principales nouveautés sont la découverte d'une nécropole flanque antérieure à la fondation de l'abbaye et la mise en évidence, pour la première fois, d'un bâtiment de la collégiale fondée vers 1050 par Raoul de Tancarville.
Les incidences biographiques du travail mobile. Configurations familiales et rapports de genre
Authors: Lambert Anne
Published: October 2018

La désynchronisation des emplois du temps individuels et conjugaux, loin d’être nouvelle, prend une forme exacerbée chez les salariés de l’industrie des transports. Le fichier Ressources humaines (RH) d’une compagnie aérienne et les entretiens biographiques menés auprès d’hôtesses, stewards et pilotes permettent d’appréhender la spécificité des formes familiales des personnels navigants. Ils révèlent également l’asymétrie des représentations qui caractérisent les mobilités féminines et masculines. La mobilité des hommes est présentée comme naturelle dans le cadre de la carrière professionnelle, mais aussi nécessaire à l’équilibre des relations familiales ; « l’absence » des femmes fait l’objet de négociations qui aboutissent à suspendre temporairement – plus qu’à inverser – les normes dominantes de genre. Les difficultés masculines liées à la grande mobilité se trouvent dès lors euphémisées par la prégnance du modèle de masculinité hégémonique qui régit l’organisation du travail et les rapports sociaux de genre dans l’espace privé.
Does love make a family? The politics and micro-politics of filiation among same-sex families
Authors: Sarcinelli Alice Sophie
Published: October 2018

Cet article explore la façon dont le traitement institutionnel de l’homoparentalité impacte la vie quotidienne, l’intimité et l’organisation familiale. À travers une étude des configurations homoparentales italiennes, je vais analyser l’impact de l’écart existant entre la traduction juridique des liens de filiation des parents et l’exercice, au quotidien, de la parenté. Les données ethnographiques illustreront les efforts parentaux et institutionnels pour faire et défaire des liens qui ne sont ni « biogénétiques » ni reconnus légalement. Ce faisant, j’interrogerai la façon dont les relations de parenté sont construites, déconstruites et définies par différents acteurs, y compris des enfants. L’article se conclut par les implications théoriques concernant la « nature » de la parenté et de la filiation, qui doivent être restituées dans leurs conditions de possibilité au niveau socio-historique, voire dans une « économie morale de la filiation ».
Une société sur fond de malaise terroriste : contretransferts à l’épreuve d’un contexte extraordinaire
Authors: Duchet Clara
Published: October 2018

Comment le clinicien peut-il penser et accueillir l’actuel lorsque, sur fond de malaise terroriste, l’après-coup tarde encore à se manifester ? Comment peut-il communiquer sur l’impensable de la violence lorsque celle-ci frappe encore à nos portes et résonne en nous ? À travers l’écriture « clinico-fictionnelle associative », l’auteur se propose de dégager quelques pistes de réflexion sur les effets du contretransfert et de la violence sociétale afin d’en faciliter la traversée intérieure, collective et singulière, au service d’une clinique qui finira inévitablement par lier violences ordinaires et événements extraordinaires.
Interventions psychologiques d’urgence auprès des victimes d’attaques terroristes
Authors: Coq Jean-Michel
Published: October 2018

Cet article décrit les dispositifs psychologiques d’urgence mis en place en France pour prendre en charge les rescapés des attaques terroristes. Ceux-ci comprennent une prise en charge immédiate des victimes, temps d’étayage et de soutien, suivie quelques jours après d’un débriefing ou d’un groupe de paroles. L’auteur rappelle les conséquences psychologiques de l’effraction traumatique, puis rapporte des exemples d’interventions, tant dans l’immédiateté que dans les jours qui suivent. La première action psycho-thérapeutique initiée par ces dispositifs d’urgence est indispensable, mais une attention à plus long terme doit se poursuivre. En effet des troubles psychotraumatiques chroniques peuvent se déclencher chez des rescapés plusieurs années après l’attentat, en particulier lorsqu’un autre se produit, comme cela est illustré par un cas.
Morphometric analysis of Squalius namak Khaefi et al. 2016 in Khaznagh and Ghare-Chai rivers
Authors: Mouludi-Saleh Atta , Keivany Yazdan
Published: October 2018

The Namak Chub, Squalius namak, is a newly described cyprinid from Namak basin of Iran, but there is little information on its body variations. To investigate the population differences, fifty-two specimens (37 from Khaznagh and 15 from Ghare-Chai) of Squalius namak (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) were captured by seine net during the summer of 2010. After anesthetizing, specimens were transferred to Ichthyology Museum (IUT-IM) for further studies. The specimens were photographed from their left side and 13 landmarks were defined on the photos in Tpsdig2 software. Procrustes analysis (GPA) was performed to eliminate non-shaped effects, the size, direction and position of the specimens. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) and wireframe graph were used to analyze these populations. The results of this study showed a significant difference between the two populations. The major differences observed were the depth of the body, head size and the position of the mouth. The Ghare-Chai River population has a greater body depth and smaller head length. Further, the position of the mouth in the Khaznagh river population was more inferior compared to the Ghare-Chai River population.
PERSPECTIVES FOR HADRONTHERAPHY
Authors: Amaldi Ugo
Published: October 2018

Con il termine “adroterapia” si intende la moderna tecnica di radioterapia oncologica che utilizza radiazioni adroniche per ottenere il controllo loco-regionale dei tumori. Sono dette adroni tutte le particelle non elementari fatte di quark: protoni e neutroni (ciascuno composto di tre quark di tipo u e d) sono gli adroni più noti. Anche i nuclei degli atomi, sistemi legati di protoni e neutroni, sono adroni. La cessione di energia di protoni di 200 - 250 MeV in tessuto è tale che, anche con una sola direzione di incidenza, è possibile dare una dose elevata a un bersaglio tumorale che si trova a 25 - 30 centimetri di profondità risparmiando i tessuti sani circostanti, molto meglio di quanto non sia possibile fare anche con le più moderne tecniche che usano i raggi X (IMRT). Gli ioni carbonio da 4500 MeV cedono – in ogni segmento del proprio percorso nel corpo del paziente – venti volte più energia dei protoni che giungono alla stessa profondità. Dato questo elevato trasferimento lineare di energia gli ioni hanno una maggiore efficacia biologica dei protoni e non hanno rivali nel controllo dei tumori radioresistenti. In particolare i risultati preliminari ottenuti a HIMAC (Giappone) su centinaia di tumori del polmone e del fegato sono estremamente incoraggianti. Questo contributo si propone come primo scopo la presentazione dell’enorme sviluppo che si è avuto nell’ultimo triennio per ciò che riguarda i centri ospedalieri di adroterapia, ove con il termine “centro ospedaliero” si intende un centro che è dotato di più sale di trattamento ed è unicamente dedicato alla terapia delle malformazioni e dei tumori anche profondi. Nella seconda parte dell’intervento sono descritti i due principali progetti: il Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) in fase di avanzata realizzazione a Pavia e in cui si potranno trattare oltre 1000 pazienti con fasci sia di protoni che di ioni carbonio a partire dal 2008, e il LIBO, il nuovo acceleratore lineare che, messo a valle di un ciclotrone da 30 MeV utilizzato per la diagnostica medica con isotopi radioattivi, permette di accelerare protoni fino a 200 MeV o più in modo da permettere allo stesso centro di praticare la protonterapia.
IL CARTEGGIO GOR’KIJ-OSORGIN: LE LETTERE “ITALIANE” (1910-1913)
Authors: Pasquinelli Anastasia
Published: October 2018

Nell’intervento viene commentata la prima parte del carteggio tra Gor’kij e Osorgin svoltosi tra il ’10 e il ’13: si tratta appunto delle sette lettere “italiane”, relative al periodo trascorso allora da entrambi in Italia: le rimanenti 49 lettere (1924-1936), sono scambiate tra Francia – per Osorgin –, Italia e URSS – per Gor’kij. Il pregio particolare di questo copioso carteggio – riordinato e pubblicato nel 2002 – sta nel fatto di essere stata l’unica corrispondenza di Gor’kij tanto prolungata e costante con uno scrittore dell’emigrazione. Infatti, nonostante una netta incompatibilità politica, tra momenti polemici, segrete speranze e sgradevoli malintesi, tra i due corrispondenti si stabilisce una sintonia destinata a durare a lungo. Il doloroso problema della triste situazione degli emigrati russi appare fondamentale in queste lettere, alla cui base stanno problemi politici, personali ed artistici, specialmente nel difficile momento dell’amnistia zarista del 1913, da cui Osorgin era escluso, mentre Gor’kij esitava ad accettarla. All’atteggiamento incerto di Gor’kij si contrappone allora la visione radicale di Osorgin.
LA STATICA DELLE CATTEDRALI GOTICHE E LA STATICA DEL DUOMO DI MILANO
Authors: Corradi Dell'Acqua Leone
Published: October 2018

Riassunto. – Si illustrano i problemi statici sollevati dalla costruzione del Duomo di Milano e le soluzioni adottate per risolverli, sottolineando le similarità e le differenze che sussistono rispetto alle grandi cattedrali gotiche d’oltralpe. Il Duomo di Milano è stato concepito come una cattedrale del nord Europa, ma la sua costruzione è stata affidata prevalentemente a maestranze italiane, che avevano una abbastanza limitata confidenza con gli aspetti tecnici di questi monumenti. Di conseguenza, il Duomo di Milano si è avvalso solo parzialmente delle soluzioni tipiche delle cattedrali gotiche d’oltralpe e in molti casi sono state concepite soluzioni, il che fa del Duomo un monumento sotto molti aspetti unico anche dal punto di vista stutturale.***Abstract. – The static problems raised by the construction of the cathedral of Milan and the structural solutions envisaged to face them are discussed, pointing out similarities and differences with respect to the great gothic monuments of northern Europe. Milan's cathedral was conceived as a northern gothic church, but its construction was carried on by Italian masons, little acquainted with the technical aspects of such monuments. As a consequence, northern gothic solutions were only partially adopted and completely new ones were worked up, so that the cathedral developed into a monument under several respects unique also from the structural point of view.
SALUTO DEL PRESIDENTE DELL’ISTITUTO LOMBARDO
Authors: Padoa-Schioppa Antonio
Published: October 2018

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INTRODUZIONE
Authors: Giacomelli Roberto
Published: October 2018

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L’ISCRIZIONE PRENESTINA DI ORCEVIA
Authors: De Bellis Annalisa Franchi
Published: October 2018

Inscription prenestina to Fortuna Primigenia (CIL 12 60) The proposed inscription is usually referred to the III century and it is engraved on a bronze tablet, that had to be affixed. It was presented in Paris in 1882. Today it is preserved in the Petit Musée. In the text a mother expresses her thanks to the Fortuna Primigenia for her child’s birth. The dedication fits in with the cult to Fortune mother goddess recalled by Cicero, but with characteristics that draw it away from such tradition. We’ll here take into exam the epithets “daughter of Jupiter” and “primitive” referred to Fortune, as well as the characters that distinguish the latinisch of Praeneste from the lateinische in Rome.
TARIFFE, DAZI E POLITICHE DI COMMERCIO
Authors: Moioli Angelo
Published: October 2018

Tariffs, duties and commercial policy. Duty systems and trade policies were central in the reforms proposed by the Lombard Enlightenment economists for the State of Milan. This State had originally adopted a duty scheme characterized by the presence of internal duties originating from each one of the five sub regional entities, i.e. the provinces of the State. That means that the single provinces treated the commodities coming from other provinces of the State not as home items but as if they were commodities coming from abroad. In 1764 the Vienna government established a special commission with a view to change the system. The Commission included a young Milanese patrician, Pietro Verri, the author of Considerazioni sul commercio dello Stato di Milano (Reflections on trade in the State of Milan). The treatise was highly appreciated in Vienna since it was the first to show the relation between the tariffs and the trade balance or the balance of payments. This explains why Schumpeter credited Verri as an early econometrician. Nevertheless, the studies carried out by Verri (together with Maraviglia Mantegazza) in 1762 did not lead to any practical reform of the duty system. Similarly, a new proposal suggesting to substitute a single border toll for the whole host of internal duties, did not produce any practical result. The proposal was based on a new study of the balance of trade completed in August 1773. Finally, Verri had no role in the reform adopted later in 1786, even if that was conceived on the basis of principles he had himself stated in his second attempt. But the balance of trade from which the reform was designed had been produced by Baldassarre Scorza, who was rated inferior to Verri as an ‘enlightened’ political economist.
"GUERRA SENZA SANGUE" E L’AROMA DEI LUMI: LA CULTURA DEL CAFFÈ TRA POLITICA E COMMERCIO INTERNAZIONALE NELLA LOMBARDIA AUSTRIACA
Authors: Reinert Sophus A.
Published: October 2018

Bloodless war and the scent of the Enlightenment: Il Caffè between politics and international trade in Austrian Lombardy. The historiography of political economy is currently undergoing a cultural turn, as abstract histories of economics on the model of Joseph A. Schumpeter’s History of Economic Analysis give way to more nuanced studies of economic ideas in their specific historical contexts. My essay contributes to this historiographical movement by contextualizing the economic theories and policies formulated by the members of the Accademia dei pugni in Austrian Lombardy in the 1760s and 70s. Particularly, it focuses on the practical exigencies of their Lombard context and the respective pulls of their disparate and sometimes conflicting patriotisms, whether religious, cultural, political, or economic. Austrian models of economic reform such as Philipp Ludwig Wenzel von Sinzendorf’s plan for an economic recovery influenced Milanese reformers much like a the reception of French, Spanish, and British economic ideas did, and the unique institutional context in which political economists such as Pietro Verri, Cesare Beccaria, and Sebastiano Franci operated goes a long way towards explaining their seemingly idiosyncratic contribution to the discipline, at once aware of how freer international trade was revolutionizing the world and eminently sensitive to the need for an active economic policy of tariffs and prohibitions to safeguard Lombardy in an age of ruthless economic competition. Though the Accademia dei pugni historiographically has been considered an incubator of both ‘mercantilism’ and ‘economic liberalism’, a more careful contextualization of the group’s work unveils a coherent political economy that, though hard to fit into historical stereotypes, was not simply torn between theory and practice, ‘laissezfaire’ and ‘protectionism’. In effect, they made one of the greatest contributions to political economy of their time.