bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenolics Content and DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Dalbergia latifolia leaf ethanolic extract
Authors: Masendra Masendra , Purba Brandon Aristo Verick , Dewi Greitta Kusuma
Published: April 2023

Dalbergia latifolia is one of the famous species that naturally grows in Java, Indonesia. The wood of this species is purple in color and the leaf is utilized as forage. The purpose of this study is to determine the bioactivity and phenol contents of D. latifolia leaf ethanolic extract. The antioxidant activity and anti-termite activity were measured through the DPPH method and Neotermes bosei activity. Furthermore, phenol contents were determined through colorimetric method and ethanolic extract constituents were identified by GC-MS. The DPPH inhibition of ethanol extract of D. latifolia leaf exhibited 138.20±2.14 µg/ml. While the measurement of total phenol and total flavonoid content of D. latifolia leaf showed a value of 192.67±9.41 mg GAE/ g and 55.23±5.11 mg QE/ g of dried extract sample. The termiticidal activity of ethanolic extract showed low activity. The GC-MS detection showed fatty acids as dominant compounds. The inhibition of DPPH by D. latifolia leaf ethanol extract in this study suggested this leaf is potent as antioxidant agents.
IMPORTÂNCIA DA SIMULAÇÃO REALÍSTICA NA EVOLUÇÃO DE ACADÊMICOS DE ENFERMAGEM NA URGÊNCIA E EMERGÊNCIA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Costa Bruna de Oliveira Cezano , Ferreira Carolina de Almeida , Peters Ângela Aparecida , Prado Roberta Teixeira
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A urgência e emergência é um cenário dinâmico e de alta complexidade, no qual exige dos profissionais atenção, organização, planejamento, recursos e qualificação. Na maioria das vezes os responsáveis por essas unidades não estão preparados e qualificados, o que se torna necessário o aperfeiçoamento precoce dos profissionais ainda em ambiente de graduação. Esse processo de qualificação educacional é importante para redução de erros, como os que acontecem no atendimento à triagem, e aperfeiçoamento dos profissionais. Objetivos: Analisar a produção cientifica acerca da simulação realística como estratégia de ensino de graduação de enfermagem sobre a urgência e emergência. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão sistemática (RS) que buscou pesquisar artigos científicos acerca da temática e importância da simulação realística na evolução de acadêmicos de enfermagem na urgência e emergência.  Foram incluídos artigos publicados nos anos de 2015 a 2019, disponíveis gratuitamente na íntegra em inglês e português, que abordem o tema e excluídos teses e dissertações, artigos cuja publicação tenha mais de 5 anos, que não estejam relacionados ao objetivo desse estudo ou que estejam em outros idiomas. Resultados: Através da leitura de títulos e resumos, e seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram excluídos 119 artigos que não estavam de acordo com a temática ou davam fuga ao tema, sendo assim, 34 artigos foram avaliados para elegibilidade. Destes, 24 artigos estavam de acordo com a temática, sendo incluídos nesta revisão.  Conclusão: As evidências incluídas neste estudo demonstraram um resultado positivo referente inserção da simulação realística na formação dos estudantes de enfermagem como uma metodologia ativa. É uma ferramenta importante que contribui para assimilar a teoria com a prática bem como ajudar na formação de raciocínio clínico e tomadas de decisões.
Towards an ensemble-based evaluation of land surface models in light of uncertain forcings and observations
Authors: Arora Vivek K. , Seiler Christian , Wang Libo , Kou-Giesbrecht Sian
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Quantification of uncertainty in fluxes of energy, water, and CO2
simulated by land surface models (LSMs) remains a challenge. LSMs are
typically driven with, and tuned for, a specified meteorological forcing
data set and a specified set of geophysical fields. Here, using two data
sets each for meteorological forcing and land cover representation (in which
the increase in crop area over the historical period is implemented in the
same way), as well as two model structures (with and without coupling of
carbon and nitrogen cycles), the uncertainty in simulated results over the
historical period is quantified for the Canadian Land Surface Scheme
Including Biogeochemical Cycles (CLASSIC) model. The resulting eight (2×2×2) model simulations are evaluated using an in-house model evaluation
framework that uses multiple observation-based data sets for a range of
quantities. The simulated area burned, fire CO2 emissions, soil carbon
mass, vegetation carbon mass, runoff, heterotrophic respiration, gross
primary productivity, and sensible heat flux show the largest spread across
the eight simulations relative to their global ensemble mean values.
Simulated net atmosphere–land CO2 flux, a critical determinant of the
performance of LSMs, is found to be largely independent of the simulated
pre-industrial vegetation and soil carbon mass, although our framework
represents the historical increase in crop area in the same way in both land
cover representations. This indicates that models can provide reliable
estimates of the strength of the land carbon sink despite some biases in
carbon stocks. Results show that evaluating an ensemble of model results
against multiple observations disentangles model deficiencies from
uncertainties in model inputs, observation-based data, and model
configuration.
Spatial and temporal variations in rockwall erosion rates around Pigne d’Arolla, Switzerland, derived from cosmogenic 10Be in medial moraines at five adjacent valley glaciers
Authors: Wetterauer Katharina , Scherler Dirk
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Rockwall erosion in high-alpine glacial environments varies both temporally and spatially. Where rockwalls flank glaciers, changes in debris supply and supraglacial cover will modify ice ablation. Yet, quantifying spatiotemporal patterns in erosion across deglaciating rockwalls is not trivial. At five adjacent valley glaciers around Pigne d’Arolla in Switzerland, we derived apparent rockwall erosion rates using 10Be cosmogenic nuclide concentrations ([10Be]) in medial moraine debris. Systematic downglacier-sampling of six medial moraines that receive debris from rockwalls with differing orientation, slope and deglaciation histories enabled us to assess rockwall erosion through time and to investigate how distinct spatial source rockwall morphology may express itself in medial moraine [10Be] records. Our dataset combines 24 new samples from medial moraines of Glacier du Brenay, Glacier de Cheilon, Glacier de Pièce, and Glacier de Tsijiore Nouve, with 15 published samples from Glacier d’Otemma. For each sample, we simulated the glacial debris transport using a simple debris particle trajectory model, to approximate the time of debris erosion and to correct the measured [10Be] for post-depositional 10Be accumulation. Our derived apparent rockwall erosion rates range between ~0.6 and 10.0 mm yr-1. Whereas the longest downglacier [10Be] record presumably reaches back to the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) and suggests a systematic increase in rockwall erosion rates over the last ~200 years, the shorter records only cover the last ~100 years from the recent deglaciation period and indicate temporally more stable erosion rates. For the estimated time of debris erosion, ice cover changes across most source rockwalls were small, suggesting that our records are largely unaffected by the contribution of recently deglaciated bedrock of possibly different [10Be]; but admixture of subglacially derived debris cannot be excluded at every site. Comparing our sites suggests that apparent rockwall erosion rates are higher where rockwalls are steep and north-facing, indicating a potential slope and temperature control on rockwall erosion around Pigne d’Arolla.
Optimal Raman-scattering signal for estimating the Fe3+ content on the clinozoisite–epidote join
Authors: Nagashima Mariko , Mihailova Boriana
Published: April 2023

Abstract. To provide a tool for fast estimation of the Fe3+
content in Ca2(Al, Fe3+)3Si3O12(OH) epidote grains,
including in thin sections and crude-rock samples, we applied Raman
spectroscopy to 33 areas from 15 natural samples with Fe3+ ranging from
0.22 to 1.13 atoms per formula unit (apfu), the chemistry of which was
independently determined by wavelength-dispersive electron microprobe
analysis (WD-EPMA). The Raman spectra were collected from the very areas
subjected to WD-EPMA. We have analysed both the OH-stretching region
(3215–3615 cm−1) and the spectral range generated by the framework
vibrations (15–1215 cm−1). Similarly to the IR spectra, the Raman peaks
in the OH-stretching region shift toward higher wavenumbers with increasing
Fe. However, the quantification of Fe3+ based on OH-stretching Raman
peaks can be hindered by the multicomponent overlapping and significant
intensity variations with the crystal orientation. Among the Raman signals
generated by framework vibrations, the position of four peaks (near 250,
570, 600, and 1090 cm−1) exhibit a steady linear regression with the
increase in Fe content (in apfu). However, the peak near 250 cm−1
attributed to MO6 vibrations also depends on the crystal orientation
and therefore is not always well resolved, which worsens the accuracy in
Fe-content determination based on its position. The peaks near 570, 600, and
1090 cm−1 arise from Si2O7 vibrational modes, and although
their intensities also vary with the crystal orientation, all three signals
are well resolved in a random orientation. However, among the three
Si2O7-related signals, the 570 cm−1 peak is the sharpest
(peak width <10 cm−1) and is easily recognized as a separate
peak. Hence, we propose to use the position of this peak as a highly
reliable parameter to estimate the Fe content, via the linear trend given as
ω570=577.1(3)-12.7(4)x, where ω is the wavenumber
(cm−1) and x is Fe content (apfu), with accuracy ± 0.04
Fe3+ apfu. The peaks near 600 and 1090 cm−1 may be complementarily
used for the Fe estimate, based on the following relations: ω600=611.6(2)-13.8(4)x and ω1090=1098.8(3)-13.5(5)x. Analyses of
the effect of Sr as a substitution for Ca and Cr at the octahedral sites
indicate that contents of Sr <0.12 apfu do not interfere with the
quantification of Fe via the ω570 (x) relation, whereas Cr
>0.16 apfu leads to overestimation of Fe; Cr presence can be
recognized however by the broadening of the peaks near 95 and 250 cm−1.
A methodological framework for improving the performance of data-driven models: a case study for daily runoff prediction in the Maumee domain, USA
Authors: Hu Yao , Ghosh Chirantan , Malakpour-Estalaki Siamak
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Geoscientific models are simplified representations of complex earth and environmental systems (EESs). Compared with physics-based numerical models, data-driven modeling has gained popularity due mainly to data proliferation in EESs and the ability to perform prediction without requiring explicit mathematical representation of complex biophysical processes. However, because of the black-box nature of data-driven models, their performance cannot be guaranteed. To address this issue, we developed a generalizable framework for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of model training and the reduction of model overfitting. This framework consists of two parts: hyperparameter selection based on Sobol global sensitivity analysis and hyperparameter tuning using a Bayesian optimization approach. We demonstrated the framework efficacy through a case study of daily edge-of-field (EOF) runoff predictions by a tree-based data-driven model using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm in the Maumee domain, USA. This framework contributes towards improving the performance of a variety of data-driven models and can thus help promote their applications in EESs.
Exploring ice sheet model sensitivity to ocean thermal forcing and basal sliding using the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM)
Authors: Berdahl Mira , Leguy Gunter , Lipscomb William H. , Urban Nathan M. , Hoffman Matthew J.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Multi-meter sea level rise (SLR) is thought to be possible within the next few centuries, with most of the uncertainty originating from the Antarctic land ice contribution. One source of uncertainty relates to the ice sheet model initialization. Since ice sheets have a long response time (compared to other Earth system components such as the atmosphere), ice sheet model initialization methods can have significant impacts on how the ice sheet responds to future forcings. To assess this, we generated 25 different ice sheet spin-ups, using the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM) at a 4 km resolution. During each spin-up, we varied two key parameters known to impact the sensitivity of the ice sheet to future forcing: one related to the sensitivity of the ice shelf melt rate to ocean thermal forcing (TF) and the other related to the basal friction. The spin-ups all nudge toward observed thickness and enforce a no-advance calving criterion, such that all final spin-up states resemble observations but differ in their melt and friction parameter settings. Each spin-up was then forced with future ocean thermal forcings from 13 different CMIP6 models under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP)5-8.5 emissions scenario
and modern climatological surface mass balance data. Our results show that the effects of the ice sheet and ocean parameter settings used during the spin-up are capable of impacting multi-century future SLR predictions by as much as 2 m. By the end of this century, the effects of these choices are more modest, but still significant, with differences of up to 0.2 m of SLR. We have identified a combined ocean and ice parameter space that leads to widespread mass loss within 500 years (low friction and high melt rate sensitivity). To explore temperature thresholds, we also ran a synthetically forced CISM ensemble that is focused on the Amundsen region only. Given certain ocean and ice parameter choices, Amundsen mass loss can be triggered with thermal forcing anomalies between 1.5 and 2 ∘C relative to the spin-up.
Our results emphasize the critical importance of considering ice sheet and ocean parameter choices during spin-up for SLR predictions and suggest the importance of including glacial isostatic adjustment in ice sheet simulations.
Mesoscale modelling of North Sea wind resources with COSMO-CLM: model evaluation and impact assessment of future wind farm characteristics on cluster-scale wake losses
Authors: Borgers Ruben , Dirksen Marieke , Wijnant Ine L. , Stepek Andrew , Stoffelen Ad , Akhtar Naveed , Neirynck Jérôme , Van de Walle Jonas , Meyers Johan , van Lipzig Nicole P. M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. As many coastal regions experience a rapid increase in offshore wind farm installations, inter-farm distances become smaller with a tendency to install larger turbines at high capacity densities. It is however not clear how the wake losses in wind farm clusters depend on the characteristics and spacing of the individual wind farms. Here, we quantify this based on multiple COSMO-CLM simulations, each of which assumes a different, spatially invariant combination of the turbine type and capacity density in a projected, future wind farm layout in the North Sea. An evaluation of the modelled wind climate with mast and lidar data for the period 2008–2020 indicates that the frequency distributions of wind speed and wind direction at turbine hub height are skillfully modelled and the seasonal and inter-annual variations in wind speed are represented well. The wind farm simulations indicate that at a capacity density of 8.1 MW km-2 and for SW-winds, inter-farm wakes can reduce the capacity factor at the inflow edge of wind farms from 59 % to between 55 % and 40 % depending on the proximity, size and number of the upwind farms. However, the long-term impact of wake losses in and between wind farms is mitigated by adopting next-generation, 15 MW wind turbines instead of 5 MW turbines, as the annual energy generation over all wind farms in the simulation is increased by 24 % at the same capacity density. In contrast, the impact of wake losses is exacerbated with increasing capacity density, as the layout-integrated, annual capacity factor varies between 54.4 % and 44.3 % over the considered range of 3.5 to 10 MW km-2. Overall, wind farm characteristics and inter-farm distances play an essential role in cluster-scale wake losses, which should be taken into account in future wind farm planning.
Wake Characteristics of a Balloon Wind Turbine and Aerodynamic Analysis of its Balloon Using the LES-AD Model
Authors: Ehteshami Aref , Varmazyar Mostafa
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Wake characteristics and aerodynamics of a balloon wind turbine were numerically investigated for different wind scenarios. Large eddy simulation, along with the actuator disk model, was employed to predict the wake behavior of the turbine. To improve the accuracy of simulation results, a structured grid was generated and refined by using an algorithm to resolve about 80 % of the local turbulent kinetic energy in the wake. Results contribute to designing an optimized layout of wind farms and stability analysis of such systems. The capabilities of the hybrid ADM-LES model when using the mesh generation algorithm were evaluated against the experimental data on a smaller wind turbine. The assessment revealed a good agreement between numerical and experimental results. While a weakened rotor wake was observed at a distance of 22.5 diameters downstream of the balloon turbine, the balloon wake disappeared at about 0.6 of that distance in all wind scenarios. Vortices generated by the rotor and balloon started to being merged at a tilt angle of 10°, which intensifies the turbulence intensity at 10 diameters downstream of the turbine for wind speeds of 7 m s-1 and 10 m s-1. By increasing the tilt angle, the lift force on the wings experiences a sharper increase with respect to that of the whole balloon, which signifies a controlling system requirement for balancing such extra lift force.
Heterogeneity in mode choice behavior: A spatial latent class approach based on accessibility measures
Authors: Orrego-Oñate Jaime Pablo , Clifton Kelly , Hurtubia Ricardo
Published: April 2023

We propose a method to estimate mode choice models, where preference parameters are sensitive to the spatial context of the trip origin, challenging traditional assumptions of spatial homogeneity in the relationship between travel modes and the built environment. The framework, called Spatial Latent Classes (SLC), is based on the integrated choice and latent class approach, although instead of defining classes for the decision maker, it estimates the probability of a location belonging to a class, as a function of spatial attributes. For each Spatial Latent Class, a different mode choice model is specified, and the resulting behavioral model for each location is a weighted average of all class-specific models, which is estimated to maximize the likelihood of reproducing observed travel behavior. We test our models with data from Portland, Oregon, specifying spatial class membership models as a function of local and regional accessibility measures. Results show the SLC increases model fit when compared with traditional methods and, more importantly, allows segmenting urban space into meaningful zones, where predominant travel behavior patterns can be easily identified. We believe this is a very intuitive way to spatially analyze travel behavior trends, allowing policymakers to identify target areas of the city and the accessibility levels required to attain desired modal splits.
Injection Sclerotherapy vs Rubber Band Ligation in the Management of Patients with 2nd Degree Haemorrhoids
Authors: Raza Zahid , Jalil Muhammad , Khan Waseem Ahmad , Rahman Jehanzeb , Abbas Shahid , Mahmood Shahid
Published: April 2023

Objective: To compare the efficacy of injection sclerotherapy and rubber band ligation in patients with 2nd degree haemorrhoids. Study design & Setting: Prospective Observational study was conducted in PNS Shifa Karachi from 1st July 2018 to 31st March 2019. Methodology: A total of 240 patients of both genders, known cases of 2nd degree haemorrhoids were included in the study. Patients with a known history of liver cirrhosis, previous history of haemorrhoidectomy, severe anaemia uncontrolled hypertension and patient requiring additional intervention post-procedure were excluded. Patients were randomized to either the injection sclerotherapy Group A or rubber band ligation Group B by lottery method. Final assessment was done at 6-months post-procedure regarding the effect of treatment on rectal bleeding. Results: The age range in this study was from 18 to 65 years with a m e a n of 36.641±7.00 years in Group A while 35.700± 5.65 years in Group B. Mean BMI was 26.525±1.54 Kg/m2 in Group A and 26.316±1.48 Kg/m2 in Group B and duration of disease was 7.466±2. 15 months in Group A and 7.883±1.78 months in Group B. Efficacy was seen in 87.5% patients in Group A as compared to 98.3% in Group B (p=0.001). Conclusion: Rubber band ligation is more efficacious in the management of 2nd-degree haemorrhoids in terms of perrectal bleeding from 3rd-week to 6 months post-application.
Efficacy of Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin in Children Presenting with Hepatitis C at Tertiary Care Hospital, Faisalabad
Authors: Shahzadi Nagina , Satti Naureen Kanwal , Arshad Huma , Hashmat Nadeem
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To assess efficacy, safety, and outcome of combination of Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin in various genotypes, in children with hepatitis C infection. Study design and setting: It was a quasi-experimental study, conducted at the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Children Hospital Faisalabad, from August 2017 to August 2021. Methodology: 50 confirmed cases of HCV infection aged 5 to 18 years, were given an oral dose of Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin daily for 12 weeks. PCR was assessed at 4 weeks (for Rapid Viral Response (RVR)) and repeated at 8 weeks and 12 weeks (for Early Viral Response (EVR)) and again 12 weeks after the completion of therapy for Sustained Viral Response (SVR)). Primary outcome was the number who achieved an SVR at 12 weeks (SVR12) after completion of treatment with a viral load below quantitation level. Results: Genotype 3 was found in 80% , type 1 in 6% , type 2 in 4% and 10% were untypeable. All children were PCR positive at presentation; 96% became PCR negative at 4 weeks (RVR), while 100 percent were negative at 8 weeks, 12 weeks (EVR), and SVR 12 weeks after completion of 12 week course was 100%. Conclusion: Although majority of patients were Genotype 3, 12 week course of Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin of hepatitis C-infected children was highly effective, with 100 percent PCR-negative cases at 8 weeks and 12 weeks with only minor side effects, and, SVR of 100% twelve weeks after completion of therapy.
Perception of Telemedicine in Health Care Workers of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Khan Shehnaz , Kazmi Tahseen Haider , Shahid Noor , Hassnain Shamaila
Published: April 2023

Objective: This investigation aimed to determine the feasibility of using telemedicine for screening and to observe healthcare provider’s opinion about telemedicine. In addition to that, explore the barriers in use of telemedicine Study Design and setting: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Central Park Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Methodology: The study was conducted between November, 2020 to April,2021 from 176 doctors and nurses working at Central Park Teaching Hospital using a convenience sampling technique. Convenience sampling was used because there is always a high probability of non-response or unavailability of clinical doctors and nurses. The minimum sample size was calculated as 88 for the group of doctors. The minimum sample size was doubled to collect the data from two cadres. The questionnaire was based on demographic information, general opinion about telemedicine such as reliability, comparison with standard examination procedure, nature, popularity, knowledge requirement, cost-effectiveness, designed frame and barriers for telemedicine. Results: Nearly, 80.1% of the participants were doctors with clinical experience while the remaining were nurses. Approximately 72.5% of the doctors and 58.5% of the sampled participants said that telemedicine does not fulfill the need for standard examination procedures. Conclusion: The findings of our study showed that the general opinion of healthcare professionals about telemedicine was unfavorable. Doctors had negative views but the nursing staff was optimistic. There was a mixed response about convenience. The main barrier to telemedicine was the poor communication skills of patients and availability and knowledge for using infrastructure.
Validity of the Xiaomi Mi Band 2, 3, 4 and 5 Wristbands for Assessing Physical Activity in 12-to-18-Year-Old Adolescents under Unstructured Free-Living Conditions. Fit-Person Study
Authors: Casado-Robles Carolina , Mayorga-Vega Daniel , Guijarro-Romero Santiago , Viciana Jesús
Published: April 2023

The purpose was to assess the validity of four generations of Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands for the assessment of step count and physical activity (PA) levels among adolescents aged 12-18 years under free-living conditions. One hundred adolescents were invited to participate in the present study. The final sample consisted of 62 high-school students (34 females), aged 12-18 years old (Mage = 14.1 ± 1.6 years), who wore an ActiGraph accelerometer on their hip (PA and step count reference measures) and four activity wristbands (Xiaomi Mi Band 2, 3, 4, and 5) on their non-dominant wrist during the waking time of one day. Results showed that the agreement between daily PA levels (i.e., slow, brisk, and slow-brisk pace walking, total PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA) measured by Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands and the accelerometer were poor (ICC, 95% CI = 0.06-0.78, 0.00-0.92; MAPE = 50.1-150.6%). However, agreement between daily step count measured by the accelerometer and the Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands were between acceptable (MAPE = 12.2-13.6%) to excellent (ICC, 95% CI = 0.94-0.95, 0.90-0.97). Furthermore, the Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands have a good to excellent validity for correctly classifying adolescents as meeting or not meeting the recommended 10,000 steps per day (P = 0.89-0.95, k = 0.71-0.87) and the recommended 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA per day (P = 0.89-0.94, k = 0.69-0.83). Furthermore, comparability between the four Xiaomi Mi Band generations were poor to excellent (ICC, 95% CI = 0.22-0.99, 0.00-1.00) for the daily PA levels outputs, although it was excellent (ICC, 95% CI = 0.99-1.00, 0.96-1.00; MAPE = 0.0-0.1%) for daily step count. Different models of Xiaomi Mi Band wristbands were comparable and presented good validity for measuring adolescents’ step count, and they accurately classified adolescents as meeting or not meeting the PA recommendations under free-living conditions.
Ebeveyn Sağlık Okuryazarlığı ile Pediatri Hizmetleri Kullanımını İncelenmeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: ALP Servet , ORAL  KARA Nurdan
Published: April 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı Burdur il merkezindeki anasınıflarına kayıtlı çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerini belirlemek, sosyodemografik özelliklere göre farklılıklarını ortaya koymak, ebeveynlerin pediatri sağlık hizmetlerini kullanım düzeyini belirlemek ve bu düzeyi etkileyen faktörleri saptamaktır. Araştırmada, örneklem seçimine gidilmemiş olup, 237 ebeveynden veri elde edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, ebeveynlerin yüksek sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyine sahip olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Ebeveyn sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyinin tanı konulmuş kronik bir rahatsızlığa sahip çocuğu olma durumu hariç diğer sosyodemografik ve araştırma sorularına göre anlamlı farklılık göstermediği tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan ki kare analizi sonucunda, gelir düzeyi ile çocuğa reçetesiz en sık verilen ilaçlar; çocuk sayısı ve çocuklarına reçetesiz ilaç verme durumu ve son bir yıl içerisinde çocuğu için sağlık kurumuna başvuru sayısı ile çocuk(lar) ile ilgili beklenmedik/acil bir durumda tepki düzeyi arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ancak çocuğuna tanı konulmuş kronik bir hastalığa sahip olma durumu ile sürekli başvurulan sağlık kuruluşu; çocuk sayısı ile çocuk(lar) ile ilgili beklenmedik/acil bir durumda tepki düzeyi ve çocuk sayısı ve çocuklarına reçetesiz ilaç verme durumu arasında herhangi bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Kronik bir hastalığa sahip olma ve/veya böyle bir ortamda sürekli bulunmanın sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyi üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi vardır.
Acupoint Injection of Obstinate Facial Paralysis: A Case Report
Authors:   Jiangning Hospital of TCM, Nanjing, China., Wang Hongfei
Published: April 2023

Facial paralysis is a common condition and add its mani- festations are Muscle paralysis, Angle of mouth askew, frontal stria disappearance and difficulty in eye closing on the affected side of the face [1,2]. According to the injury site, facial pa- ralysis is divided into peripheral type and central type. Facial paralysis can be caused by viral or bacterial infections, benign or malignant tumors of the head or neck and traumatic facial paralysis [3].
PENGENALAN INSTRUMEN INVESTASI KEPADA WARGA CURUG CUKANG GALIH SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN DALAM BERINVESTASI
Authors: Thio Luky
Published: April 2023

This service activity aims to gain insight into investment and stock trading, as well as things that investors need to pay attention to before investing. This service is one way to overcome the influence of the low interest of lecturers in investing in the Indonesian Capital Market. This is due to a lack of intrinsic motivation and investment knowledge in lecturers, causing low interest in investing. In addition, this service aims to provide education and outreach about investing in the Indonesian Capital Market to all residents of Cukang Galih, Tangerang. Thisservice also provides a clear picture that with the Investment Education and Training in the Indonesian Capital Market at Cukang Galing Tangerang, it is hoped that this service can become input for participants to gain insight into investing and trading stocks and other things. - Things that investors need to pay attention to before investing.
Identificação precoce de características pressóricas de pessoas no combate à COVID-19
Authors: Viza- Gilson de Abreu
Published: April 2023

As condições crônicas são responsáveis por 80% das consultas em APS e 60% das internações hospitalares. Identificar precocemente quais características dos pacientes são fatores responsáveis pela adesão ao tratamento que pode se mostrar útil, podendo direcionar o processo de orientação individual e coletiva e permitindo às equipes de saúde atuarem mais efetivamente, além da elaboração de estratégias para contornar esses fatores.
The Purest Positivist of Them All? Denis Ong’s Equity Jurisprudence
Authors: Edgeworth Brendan
Published: April 2023

It is undeniable that the late Denis Ong’s remarkable scholarly output has placed him among the foremost academic authorities in the field of equity and trusts in Australia. With a plethora of books and academic journal articles to his name, few scholars have produced as vast a store of analysis of a large swathe of private law jurisprudence, stretching over more than four decades. This article seeks to outline the remarkable quality of this body of work.
Elementary School Teachers Development of a Sense of Community in the Workplace through the Participation in a Fitness and Mindfulness Program
Authors: Gipson Christina , Mutchler Jessica , Mallhi Arshpreet
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Stress and burnout continue to have negative impacts on teachers. Wellness programs have reported to help improve teachers’ quality of life, social life, reduce stress, and increase awareness of healthy choices. The purpose of this paper is to explore teachers’ perceptions and experiences of a fitness and mindfulness program. 
Methods:  Semi-structured interview guides were used in the three separate focus groups that were conducted following each of the three 9-week fitness and mindfulness programs serving as an intervention for elementary school teachers to reduce stress. Focus groups included all female participants between the ages of 22-64 years old with one to 21 years of experience in the classroom. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: Two themes and subsequent themes were found: (1) work-life balance (subthemes: Implementing mindfulness techniques; Feeling ok leaving work; Self-care) and (2) building community (subthemes: Developed community; Accountability; and Level of comfort).
Conclusions: The finding revealed that teachers improved their work-life balance through self-care, implementation of mindfulness techniques, accountability, and comfort with co-workers. The participants reported developing a workplace community. Overall, the results support that elementary teachers perceived a 9-week fitness and mindfulness program to have a positive impact on workplace wellbeing.
Predictors of Fear of Dementia Among Adults
Authors: Amber V. Rusch  , Julie Hicks Patrick
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Previous work has examined fear of dementia among younger adults;8 however, less is known about such associations across age. Thus, the current study expanded on such work by assessing objective knowledge, personal experiences, and allophilia as predictors of subjective fear of developing dementia.
Methods: Data from 300 adults (Mean age = 39.7) who completed measures of objective knowledge, personal experiences with persons with dementia, allophilia attitudes towards persons with dementia, and dementia fear. We examined a path model and tested age as a multigroup factor.
Results: The model fit the data well, , χ2 (DF = 1) = 0.45, p = .50; AGFI = .99; RMSEA = .00. Post hoc multigroup analyses with age revealed different processes contributing to dementia fear for those younger than and older than age 40 years.
Conclusions: Our results speak to the need to examine different predictors of dementia fear for different age groups. Additional investigations of moderators of dementia fear are needed in order to develop interventions to support potential caregivers across the life span.
Factors that influence the successful marketing of bioplastic products in Zimbabwe: Towards a circular economy by 2030
Authors: Emmanuel Mutambara , Joe Muzurura
Published: April 2023

Bioplastics are eco-friendly products that are not only highly bio-gradable and compositable, but also have robust rheological properties compared to fossil-based plastic products. Given the huge quantity of fossil-based plastics that are produced and consumed annually in Zimbabwe, consumers’ acceptance of these products may assist the country to smoothly transitioning from the current linear economic system (LES) towards a circular economic system (CES). The main purpose of the study was to explore factors that might influence the successful marketing of bioplastic products by Zimbabwe firms. With the aid of a structural regression equation, the study used a correlational design where quantitative data were collected from a random sample of 100 respondents. The findings show that self-identity, perceived value, cognitive biases and self-congruity were all positive and statistically significant at various levels of confidence. Zimbabwe plastic firms should consider these factors if they are to successfully implement strategies that increase the acceptance of bioplastic products. The adoption of discontinuous green technologies that reduce the cost of producing bioplastic products is recommended in order to increase the perceived value of bioplastics. Marketing efforts that help to increase consumers’ awareness and hence acceptance of bioplastic products must be adopted by firms.
Determination of Levels of Some Acute Phase Proteins, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-6 in Cattle with Trichophythosis
Authors: Çakır Zoroğlan Cansu , Merhan Oğuz
Published: April 2023

Our aim in the study was to determine the levels of some acute phase proteins (APP) and proinflammatory cytokines in cattle with trichophytosis. The animal material of the study consisted of total 30 cattle, 15 with trichophytosis and 15 healthy. The blood samples taken from the Vena jugularis of the cattle in the study into tubes without anticoagulant were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes and their serum samples were obtained. Serum samples were stored at -20 °C until analysis. In the obtained serum samples, haptoglobin, serum amyloid A (SAA), ceruloplasmin, albumin, total protein, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) analyzes were performed. It was determined that haptoglobin, SAA, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and ceruloplasmin levels were statistically increased in cattle with trichophytosis compared to the control group. In addition, albumin, total protein and globulin values were lower than the control group, but the difference between the groups was statistically insignificant. As a result, it is thought that trichophytosis causes changes in biochemical parameters in cattle, the use of biochemical parameters, especially APPs, will contribute to the diagnosis of trichophytosis and more detailed studies should be done on this subject.
A Skills Measurement Framework For The Construction Industry: A Case Of Lusaka Province
Authors:   University of Zambia, Phiri Pauline , Mwiya Balimu ,   University of Zambia, Mwanaumo Erastus
Published: April 2023

Construction is characterised as being labour intensive and thus the continuous skills development will always be a matter of concern. The cyclic nature of the construction industry gives rise to skills mismatches which cause fluctuations in skills demand and supply. Investigating labour market conditions to assess skills demand and supply cycle of labour is a difficult task because of the scarcity or unavailability of aggregated local labour market information on the construction industry. This study investigated the issue of skills mismatches and developed a skills measurement framework to address it. The research design employed a mixed method approach to include both quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 162 firms consisting of 59 contractors, 80 consultants, 23 higher education institutions and 10 government institutions and local authorities in Lusaka Province whose core of business was inclined towards construction and development of transportation infrastructure were identified and used as the sample frame. Stratified random sampling was used to select respondents in the sample size. The method employed for data collection was the distribution of fifty (50) structured questionnaires and the conducting of three (03) semi- structured interviews with the aid of an interview guide. Quantitative data from the questionnaires was analysed using statistical software and qualitative analysis from interviews was analysed using content analysis. The most influential factors of supply and demand were; defined career paths, education and training requirements, salary scale and technological progression. Results revealed that the type of mismatches that existed were a skills gap and skills shortage. They revealed a shortage of Engineers and Construction Supervisors. Skills gaps were identified in the preparation of design specifications, estimation of project costs and preparing detailed cost plans, preparing construction method statements and technical specifications, as well technical and financial reporting. A sequential five-stage skills measurement framework structure was designed that investigated important aspects for skills development which are responsive to industry needs. The stages yield outputs which identify factors influencing skills demand and supply and skill competency requirements in construction, and assess the ability of the workforce meet the required skills competencies
HÜKMÜN AÇIKLANMASININ GERİ BIRAKILMASI KARARLARI VE DİSİPLİN SORUŞTURMALARINA ETKİSİNE DAİR BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: KESKİN İbrahim
Published: April 2023

Hükmün açıklanmasının geri bırakılması (HAGB), yapılan yargılama sonucunda sanığın suç işlediğine dair mahkûmiyet kararı verilmesine rağmen, kanunda sayılan şartların bulunması sebebiyle verilen hükmün açıklanmamasıdır. Sanığın suçu işlediğine ilişkin kesin vicdani bir kanaat bulunmasına rağmen bu durum, yeni kasıtlı bir suçun işlenmemesi koşuluna bağlı olarak hukuksal sonuç doğurmamaktadır. Sanık belirlenen yükümlülüklere süreç sonuna kadar uyduğu takdirde hakkındaki hükümlülük kararı gerçekleşmemiş sayılmaktadır.
HAGB kurumu, ceza muhakemesi hukukuna ilişkin bir kurum olmakla birlikte, etkileri bakımından idare ve disiplin hukukunu da içeren sonuçları bulunmaktadır. HAGB kararı verilmesi halinde, ortada kesinleşmiş bir mahkûmiyet hükmü bulunmamasına rağmen bu kararın kesin hüküm gibi idari nitelikteki uyuşmazlıklarda dikkate alınması masumiyet karinesi ile çelişmektedir. Masumiyet karinesi, cezai uyuşmazlıklarda usul ve esasa ilişkin güvenceler sağlamakla birlikte daha geniş kapsamda ele alınmalıdır. Güvence ceza yargılamasının yanı sıra bu yargılamalar ile aynı zamanlı yürütülmekte olan disiplin işlem ve soruşturmalarını da kapsamalıdır.
Hükmün açıklanmasının geri bırakılması durumunda yürütülmekte olan disiplin soruşturmalarına ilişkin öğretide farklı görüşler bulunmakta olup, bu görüşler uygulama ve mahkeme içtihatları çerçevesinde ele alınacaktır.
ÖZGÜRLÜK VE HAK KAVRAMLARININ ÇATIŞAN DOĞASI: ÖZGÜRLÜK HAKKI VE HAK ÖZGÜRLÜĞÜ GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: ATAN Murat , EKİNCİ Emre , KARAKOYUNLU İlker
Published: April 2023

Hukuk felsefesinde tartışılan kavramların başında özgürlük ve hak kavramları gelmektedir. En genel anlamıyla; özgürlük, bireyin, eylemleri yapması veya yapmaması hakkındaki kudreti, hak ise bir eylemin yapılmasının veya yapılmamasının toplumsal bir mutabakat sonucu kabul gördüğü ve çoğunlukla biçimsel olarak yasal bir dayanağının olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Bu iki kavramın birbirleriyle ilişkisi, akademik bir çalışmaya konu edildiğinde ve bu itibarla hukuk felsefesi tarihinde etkili olmuş isimlerin çalışmalarından faydalanıldığında ise temel bir durumla karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın konusu olan bu durum, özgürlük ve hak kavramlarının hukuk felsefesi tarihinde çatışma zemininde gelişen bir ilişki çerçevesinde ele alınıyor oluşudur. Başka bir ifade ile hukuk felsefesi tarihi, özgürlük ve hak kavramlarını birbiriyle çatışan anlamlar çerçevesinde ele alan ve özgürlük hakkı ve hak özgürlüğü olmak üzere iki temel kavram üzerinden bu tartışmayı yürüten bir tartışma alanına sahiptir. Özgürlük hakkı, özgürlüğü esas alarak herhangi bir konuda hak sahibi olmanın o konuda özgür olmamak anlamına geldiği varsayımıyla; sahip olunan tek hakkın özgürlük hakkı olduğunu savunmaktadır. Hak özgürlüğü ise, hakkı esas alarak herhangi bir konuda özgür olmanın o konuda hak sahibi olmamak anlamını taşıdığı varsayımıyla özgürlüğün hak sahibi olmak suretiyle gerçekleştiğini ve özgürlüğün hak sahibi olmak özgürlüğü olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışma, işte bu savı ispat etmek için ilk olarak özgürlük ve hak kavramlarının çatışan doğasına dair bir kavramsal çerçeve çizecektir. Ardından ise özgürlük ve hak kavramlarının çatışan doğasını konu alan hukuk felsefesi görüşlerinden faydalanarak özgürlük hakkı ve hak özgürlüğü kavramlarının ifade ettiği anlamları görünür kılmaya çalışacaktır. Böylelikle 21. yüzyıl dünyasının hangi görüşe daha yakın olduğu hakkında bir çözümleme yapılacaktır.
Cross-Cultural Differences in Empathy and Relevant Factors
Authors: Wang Zimo , Zhang Danrui , Zheng Zikai
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to discuss cross-cultural empathy and ways to promote the development of empathy in various cultures. Empathy is considered one of the most indispensable traits in every society. However, the concept of empathy differs in different communities, due to social, cultural, and religious influences. According to Mencius, empathy contributes to the expansion of moral cultivation. A core concept in Confucianism, benevolence (Ren), represents the relationship between people. The practice of compassion requires the ability to conduct moral reasoning. The development of such an ability relies heavily on empathy. Since empathy is crucial to people’s daily life in developing critical skills and relationships, fostering empathy in different cultures is helpful. Even though empathy varies significantly in many ways among different cultures, it possesses some fundamental similarities in all of them. The Golden Rule is an excellent example of an ethical principle that could be found in almost all civilizations. Respecting the differences in various cultures, learning more about other cultures and their social norms, and avoiding talking about sensitive topics can help people become more empathetic.
Reasons and Suggestions of Human Rights Violations Committed by MNEs
Authors: Huang Daniella
Published: April 2023

Throughout the years, there are more and more businesses have been violating human rights, specifically Multinational Enterprises (MNEs)-businesses that operate in many countries. MNEs have been violating human rights in host countries by making labours work for many hours with a low wage, abusing and employing children, there have been more and more cases that have been recognised, and more and more people are speaking up. This paper aims to discover the problems of MNE violating human rights. It will analyze the reasons for MNE violating human rights, efforts on regulation, and suggestions on how the issue of violating human rights could be solved. This paper could allow people to recognise the problem, which helps to solve the problem of MNE violating human rights. It is originating that MNEs are violating human rights because there is no obligation in this area which it should be, and there should be due diligence law in place to allow people to access justice easily and quicker.
Is Bitcoin a Safe-haven Against Geopolitical Events: An Analysis Based on Russian-Ukrainian Conflict
Authors: Liu Simeng
Published: April 2023

Bitcoin, as a virtual cryptocurrency with both property of investment and currency, is widely investigated for its potential as a safe haven in world volatility. This paper, using classic time series model VAR and ARMA-GARCH, aims to study whether Bitcoin has safe-haven value in geopolitical events, which is based on the Russia-Ukraine conflict. By quantifying the impact of Russia-Ukraine conflict with crude oil prices and considered logarithmic yield, this study finds out both the positive and negative effects to Bitcoin yield from temporary shocks and long-term fluctuations of geopolitical. The VAR accumulation shows that geopolitics will have cumulative net positive impacts on Bitcoin's yield in the short term, that is, Bitcoin can be seen as a short-term safe haven for investors with brief profit needs. However, more results show that the impact of geopolitics on Bitcoin is difficult to determine, and the long-term impact is close to zero. The inadequate evidence of safe-haven value means that long-term investors need to consider Bitcoin cautiously. Based on the current background of Russia-Ukraine conflict, the study can both promote the academic understanding of Bitcoin’s value in geopolitical conflict, and help the investors make the right choice in world volatility.