bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Dokumentasi Asuhan Keperawatan Keluarga di Puskesmas
Authors: Fitriani Milda Nurul , Shalahuddin Iwan , Juniarti Neti
Published: December 2020

Pendahuluan: Dokumentasi keperawatan berdasarkan standar asuhan keperawatan harus memberikan pelayanan dan asuhan keperawatan yang berkualitas oleh perawat. Ketidaklengkapan pendokumentasian akan menyebabkan penegakkan diagnosa keperawatan yang kurang tepat sehingga membuat perawatan yang diberikan kurang optimal.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dokumentasi asuhan keperawatan keluarga di Puskesmas. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Haurpanggung dengan melakukan study dokumentasi pada 250 dokumen asuhan keperawatan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriftif kuantitatif dengan mengumpulkan seluruh dokumentasi asuhan keperawatan keluarga yang dibuat oleh perawat dan mahasiswa profesi ners. Menggunakan analisis univariat yang dilakukan dengan analisis deskriftif untuk melihat presentase masing-masing variabel yang diteliti
Hasil:    Berdasarkan pada hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan mengenai gambaran dokumentasi asuhan keperawatan keluarga di Puskesmas Haurpanggung Garut didapatkan hasil dari 250 dokumen bahwa sebagian besar kelengkapan asuhan keperawatan keluarga memiliki kelengkapan yang cukup baik, sehingga kita dapat melihat jenis rumusan diagnosa terbanyak dan jenis intervensi terbanyak yang dapat digunakan sebagai database untuk asuhan keperawan elektronik dan dapat memudahkan dalam pembuatan asuhan keperawatan.
Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan bagi Puskesmas sebagai data dasar bagi petugas kesehatan untuk merancang upaya peningkatan dalam pendokumentasian terutama dalam pengisian/ mencatat asuhan keperawatan dengan baik dan benar.
Identifikasi Karakteristik Morfometrik Sapi Bali dan Sapi Brahman Cross di Kecamatan Pamenang Barat Kabupaten Merangin
Authors: Depison Depison , Crisdayanti Sofi , Gushairiyanto Gushairiyanto , Erina Silvia
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Bobot Badan, Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian dan karakteristik morfometrik sapi Brahman cross dan sapi Bali di Kecamatan Pamenang Barat Kabupaten Merangin. Metode penelitian adalah survey dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara purpossive sampling, Kriteria sampel umur I1 (16-19 bulan) dan hewan tidak sedang bunting sebanyak 120 ekor yang terdiri dari 60 ekor sapi Bali dan 60 ekor sapi Brahman cross. Data yang dihimpun adalah karakteristik morfometrik meliputi; bobot badan (BB), pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), panjang badan (PB), lingkar dada (LiD), dalam dada (DaD), lebar dada (LeD), tinggi pundak (TP), tinggi pinggul (TPi), dan lingkar kanon (LK). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji t dan T2-hotelling untuk membandingkan morfometrik antar kelompok bangsa dan bila hasilnya signifikan dilanjutkan dengan Analisis Komponen Utama (AKU) untuk menentukan penciri ukuran dan bentuk sapi Bali dan sapi Brahman cross. Hasil penelitian menunjukan BB, PBB dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh sapi Brahman cross dan sapi Bali berbeda nyata (P<0,05). Faktor penentu ukuran tubuh sapi Brahman cross dan sapi Bali adalah LiD dan faktor penentu bentuk tubuh adalah PB.
Effects of Medical Diagnostic X-rays Delivered at 0.01 or 0.05 mGy on Human Blood Cells
Authors: Supawat Benjamaporn , Tinlapat Jongchai , Wongmahamad Rusleena , Silpmuang Chuleekorn , Kothan Suchart , Tungjai Montree
Published: December 2020

Background: Low-dose X-rays are commonly used in medical imaging to help in the diagnosis ofdiseases. However, the deleterious effects of exposure to medical diagnostic low-dose X-rays remaina highly debated topic. The objective was to study the effects of medical diagnostic X-rays on humanblood cells.

Materials and Methods: We studied the effects of medical diagnostic low-dose X-rays (80kVp), i.e.,0.01 or 0.05 mGy, after the in vitro exposure of human red blood cells (RBCs) and peripheralblood mononucleated cells (PBMCs).Cells with no irradiation served as the control group. The biologicalendpoints that were used to determine the effects of medical diagnostic low-dose X-rays were hemolysisfor RBCs and mitochondrial membrane potential, lysosomes, and the cell cycle for PBMCs.

Results: Ourresults showed no changes in the hemolysis of RBCs and mitochondrial membrane potential, lysosome, orcell cycle in cells exposed to these low doses of X-rays when compared to the corresponding nonirradiatedcells at all harvest timepoints.

Conclusion: These results suggested that there were no deleterious effectsof diagnostic low-dose X-rays when human RBCs and PBMCs were exposed in vitro.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.136-144
La educación como política pública en la democracia: una perspectiva hermenéutica en el siglo XXI
Authors: Díaz Guillén Maroslee , Vargas Monzón Emgelberth
Published: December 2020

La educación en el siglo XXI es vista como la piedra medular de la sociedad, la cual se cumple como parte de las políticas públicas de Estado en un sistema de gobierno democrático. En esta investigación se busca indagar sobre la noción que se posee sobre democracia en el siglo XXI para poder describir la relación existente entre la democracia y el cumplimiento de las políticas públicas según otros investigadores. El eje teleológico central es generar una perspectiva hermenéutica sobre la educación como política pública de la democracia en el siglo XXI. El fundamento metodológico se llevó a cabo desde el paradigma postpositivista con enfoque cualitativo, bajo la técnica de investigación documental y un procesamiento de la información mediante el análisis de contenido. Las reflexiones que surgieron a partir de la perspectiva hermenéutica del discurso de otros actores sociales, permitieron develar que la educación es un derecho humano esencial para el desarrollo sostenible de los países, que además se considera una política pública que garantiza el sentido de democracia.
Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Kejadian Jerawat pada Siswa-Siswi SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pontianak
Authors: Dewinda Safira Sukma , Rialita Ambar , Mahyarudin Mahyarudin
Published: December 2020

Acne vulgaris affects about 85% of adolescents and can last into adulthood. One of the factors that influence the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris is androgens. Androgens have an essential role in stimulating sebum production, which has a significant role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Obesity is often accompanied by peripheral hyperandrogenism. Obesity can affect the sebaceous glands and sebum production, which is the major factor in the relationship between acne vulgaris and obesity. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between Body Mass Index and the incidence of acne vulgaris. This study used an observational analytic research design with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at Muhammadiyah 1 Pontianak Senior High School. Samples were taken using simple random sampling. The independent variable in this study was the body mass index while the dependent variable in this study was acne vulgaris. Sampling was conducted by simple random sampling. We used a logistic regression test for data analysis. The results showed that 61% of students experienced acne vulgaris, and 20.7% of students were obese. The statistical test result showed there was a significant positive correlation relationship between BMI and the incidence of acne vulgaris with a value of p <0.05 and OR 2.807. This study concluded that there was a significant positive correlation between BMI and the incidence of acne vulgaris. The incidence of acne vulgaris increased by 2,807 times as the increase of BMI among students in Muhammadiyah 1 Pontianak Senior High School.
Commonly used medicinal plants in N. Mualcheng, Mizoram, India
Authors: Tlau Lalbiakngheti , Lalawmpuii Lucy
Published: December 2020

Medicinal plants are the source of therapeutic agents in traditional medicines. The present study investigated Mizo traditional medicinal plants commonly used and available at N. Mualcheng, a village in Mizoram, India. The most important plants in terms of usage and availability as 10 species belonging to 9 families, of which Asteraceae contributes two species (such as Blumea lanceolaria, Acmella sp.), while Fabaceae, Acanthaceae, Costaceae, Orobanchaceae, Proteaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Smilacaceae and Plantaginaceae contribute one species each such as Mimosa pudica, Thunbergia grandiflora, Chamaecostus cuspidatus, Aeginetia indica, Helicia robusta, Elaeagnus caudata, Smilax perfoliata and Plantago asiatica respectively. An important feature of these medicinal plants is that some of them are used for complex diseases including kidney problem, gastric ulcer and diabetes mellitus.
Актуальні питання сплати грошової винагороди та відшкодування витрат арбітражного керуючого
Authors: ДАНІЛОВ АРТЕМ
Published: December 2020

Сучасна практика розгляду господарськими судами справ про банкрутство засвідчує, що основна проблематика, пов’язана зі сплатою грошової винагороди арбітражного керуючого та відшкодуванням понесених ним витрат, полягає у площині недостатньої правової визначеності джерел і порядку сплати винагороди і відшкодування витрат, а також порядку оцінки співвідношення обсягу виконаної арбітражним керуючим роботи до розміру нарахованої винагороди.
Метою статті є аналіз причин, що мають негативний вплив на практичну реалізацію права арбітражного керуючого на своєчасне отримання винагороди та відшкодування понесених витрат під час виконання повноважень у справах про банкрутство юридичних осіб і справах про неплатоспроможність фізичних осіб, а також викладення власного бачення шляхів подолання зазначеної проблематики.
Розглянуто передумови виникнення та сучасний стан недоліків правового регулювання механізму нарахування і сплати винагороди та відшкодування витрат арбітражного керуючого. Проаналізовано правові позиції, сформульовані під час розгляду господарськими судами різних інстанцій, які стосуються предмета дослідження. Виявлено неузгодженість між порядком звітування арбітражного керуючого та механізмом реалізації права на отримання винагороди та відшкодування витрат. Сформульовано пропозиції, спрямовані на забезпечення балансу між правом арбітраж ного керуючого на щомісячне отримання винагороди й відшкодування витрат і правом кредиторів бути поінформованими про обсяг здійсненої арбітражним керуючим протягом звітного періоду роботи, розмір нарахованої та сплаченої винагороди, здійснених і відшкодованих витрат.
Зроблено висновок, що існуючі проблемні питання, пов’язані з забезпеченням права арбітражного керуючого на своєчасне та повне отримання винагороди й відшкодування витрат у справах про банкрутство, мають бути вирішені за допомогою внесення запропонованих автором змін до низки положень Кодексу України з процедур банкрутства.
"To Live" with Bureaucracy and Looking at Bureaucracy from the "Castle"
Authors: ŞAHİN Dilek
Published: December 2020

The main purpose of this study is to reveal different aspects of the bureaucracy by addressing the emergence of the concept of bureaucracy, its development, its position and transformation in different social structures analyzing the movie "Ikiru (to live)" directed by Akira Kurosawa and "Das Schloss (the Castle)" by Franz Kafka. In line with this purpose, firstly, the definition and origin of the concept of “bureaucracy” is introduced and theories of bureaucracy are mentioned. In this study, the phenomenon of “bureaucracy”, which has undergone development and transformation within the context of historicity, has been examined over the concrete image in the fields like the functioning of the bureaucratic form of administration, decision-making process, division of labor, authority, hierarchy, delegation of authority, etc. The analysis is also important in terms of understanding the reasons for the structure, which was formed during the periods when the seeds of the development in question were thrown and the transformation took place, through the movie "Ikiru" and the novel "Castle".
Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi’nin Siyasi Partilerin Doğuş Teorileri, Tipolojileri ve Kurumsallaşmaları Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞÜKÜR İsmail
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi'ni (Ak Parti) kuruluşundan cumhurbaşkanlığı hükümet sistemine kadar geçen zaman diliminde siyasi partilerin doğuş teorileri, tipolojileri ve kurumsallaşma bağlamında incelemektir. Ak Parti, bahsi geçen teorik ölçütler çerçevesinde nitel araştırma yöntemine bağlı olarak ilgili literatürün taranmasıyla değerlendirilecektir. Kadro ve kitle partisi tipolojisinin bazı özelliklerini gözlemlemek mümkün olmasına rağmen bu çalışmanın bulgularına göre Ak Parti, Duverger'in kadro ve kitle partisi tipolojisine tam olarak benzememektedir. Türkiye'de 2000'li yılların başındaki siyasi ortam ve partilerin doğuş teorileri birlikte değerlendirilirse, Ak Parti bir sosyal bütünleşme partisi olarak tanımlanabilir. Türk sağının ideolojik çeşitliliği ve merkez sağ parti siyasetinin esnekliği bağlamında Ak Parti, hepsini yakala partisi olarak değerlendirilebilir. Ak Parti kurumsallaşma kriterleri açısından örgütsel niteliklerin değerlendirilmesi bağlamında genç bir parti olarak tanımlanabilir. Ancak liderin karizmatik otoritesinin kurumsallaşma sürecini gölgelediğini gözlemlemek mümkündür.
Hydrochemical regime and ecological condition of the Teteriv river water basin
Authors: Shumygai I. , Маnіshеvskа N. , Postoienko D. , Moroz V
Published: December 2020

Today water and ecological situation in Ukraine is close to the crisis. Large cities use mainly river water for water supply. The water quality of the Teteriv River is determined, firstly, by natural complexes withscattered sources of heavy metals, terrigenous andorganic substances, and secondly, by anthropogenicchemical sources of elements localized in cities on the banks of the river and its tributaries.The paper monitors the hydrochemical composition of the water of the Teteriv River, which is one of the most important characteristics that defines both the possibilities of economic use of water and its impact on the formation and changes in the river and within its water intake. Using Kurlov’s formula in the article to identify chemical types of surface water. The water of the river Teteriv by chemical composition belongs to the hydrocarbonate-calcium-magnesium type, having a slightly alkaline reaction.Among the great variety of methods and techniques for assessing natural recreational resources, environmental assessment as an independent integrated approach occupies an important place. The ecological condition of the Teteriv river basin was assessed. Among the quality indicators of the Teteriv River, which were studied by the authors during 2020, the maximum permissible concentrations were found only for such compounds as total iron and manganese, which are the most common in surface and groundwater. Data from analyzes of the ionic composition of water were depicted graphically on a model map. Monitoring of surface water quality shows that despite the significant decline in industrial production in recent years and the consequent reduction in wastewater discharges into water bodies, there is still a tendency to deteriorate the ecological status of surface sources. Emissions of the last large amount of wastewater in insufficiently treated or simply untreated form has led to the fact that currently all surface water sources in Ukraine in terms of pollutants are close to class III–V. Hydrochemical analysis and the calculation of the purity class — the water pollution index (WPI) — confirmed the negative changes currently taking place in the reservoir. The main factors influencing the change of ingredients of a natural reservoirare also analyzed. Based on the results of microelements research in the basin of the river Teteriv, it is established that the main danger of surface water pollution is associated with anthropogenic organic substances coming from the catchments of tributaries.
ON THE ISSUE OF EXPANDING THE RANGE OF TREES, SHRUBS AND VINES FOR STREET PLANTATIONS OF POLTAVA GEOBOTANICAL DISTRICT
Authors: Hlushchenko L. , Tymoshenko L.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of the first conducted, sub-tree inventory of street plantations of 3 cities of Poltava geobotanical district. It was established that 48 species of dendrophytes, mainly deciduous trees, were used for landscaping of street plantations of alley type. The species diversity and condition of the existing plantations were assessed, the obtained data provided the basis for the development of recommendations for expanding the range of species suitable for use in street plantations.According to the materials submitted in the District Assortment of Trees and Shrubs of Ukraine, the proposed range of species was assessed in terms of suitability for the formation of green areas of urban settlements of Poltava Geobotanical District. 483 species recommended for the Forest-Steppe zone were identified and the bio-ecological features and potential sustainability of the proposed range were analyzed, which allowed to exclude 224 species from the list of suitable for use in street plantations and to propose 67 new cultivars for the region. The current list of potentially suitable species includes 326 cultivars.Possibilities of production of planting material by local enterprises for expansion of the range of trees, bushes and lianas which are recommended for use in gardening of streets of settlements of the region are estimated. It was found that the potential increase in dendrophyte diversity due to planting materialproduced within the region is 212 cultivars adapted to local conditions.Given the potential and available resources, it is proposed to update the range of cultivars for street plantings to include 278 most suitable species, which are listed in the Recommendations for expanding therange of trees, shrubs and vines for street plantings Poltava Geobotanical District, 67 of them are offeredfor the first time. The formed list contains species, forms and varieties adapted to local conditions, takesinto account their bio-ecological features, results of introductory research, features of urban settlements, decorativeness and safety for the population. The recommendations also provide brief agronomic advice on growing 23 promising species of aboriginal flora and introducers.
Spatial and Temporal Variation of Fish Assemblages in Seti Gandaki River, Tanahu, Nepal
Authors: PRASAD ARCHANA , SHRESTHA ANJANA , LIMBU JASH HANG , SWAR DEEP
Published: December 2020

The space and time variations of the fish community structure in hill streams of Nepal are poorly understood. This research aims at studying the space and time variation of fish community structure in the Seti Gandaki River, Tanahu, Nepal. The field survey was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018 and the fishes were sampled from six sites using a medium size cast net of mesh size ranging from 3 mm to 6 mm mesh size, 25-33 feet length and 3.5-5 feet width, with the help of local fisher man. A total of 1,440 individuals were caught representing 46 species belonging to three order, nine families and 23 genera. The analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) showed significant difference in space (R = 0.824, P = 0.001) but not in time (R = 0.135, P = 0.021). On the basis of similarity percentage (SIMPER) analysis, 85.43% similarity was found among the seasons and major contributing species were Barilius bendelisis (8.44%) followed by B. vagra (7.79%), Tor putitora (7.27%), Garra gotyla (7%), Acanthocobotis botia (6.7%), Neolissochilus hexagonolepis (6.64%), Barilius shacra (6%), B. barila (4.5%) and Opsarius barna (4.37%). On the other hand, 85.24% similarity was found among the sites and major contributing species were B. bendelisis (8.8%) followed by B. vagra (7.6%), G. gotyla (7.27%), T. putitora (7.17%), A. botia (6.97%), N. hexagonolepis (6.7%), B. shacra (6.34%), B. barila (4.7%) and O. barna (4.39%). Results from the Canonical Correspondence Analysis indicated that the environmental variables, such as pH, total hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen and water temperature have shown to determine the fish community structure of Seti Gandaki River.

Keywords: Fish diversity, freshwater, habitat, spatio-temporal, stream
Microplastics Determination in the Rivers with Different Urbanisation Variances: A Case Study in Kuching City, Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Johnson Georgina , Hii Wen San , Lihan Samuel , Tay Meng Guan
Published: December 2020

The presence of microplastics in aquatic systems is mainly due to the anthropogenic activities such as domestic waste dumping. Undeniably, rivers either in urban or suburban areas are always a waste dumpling sites from the surrounding residences. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between microplastic abundance and different degree of urbanization across Kuching in Sarawak. Three sampling locations with different degrees of urbanisation had been studied across Kuching. A total of 137 pieces of microplastics were collected along the study and analysed using stereoscopic microscope for the shape identification and FTIR spectrophotometer for functional groups present in the microplastics. Filament was the most abundant microplastics shape found, whereas the IR results showed that ethylenevinylacetate (9%), polyamides or nylon (15%), polypropylene (42%), poly(methylmethacrylate) (16%) and polystyrene (18%) were found in the study. The most abundant microplastics in the water samples was polypropylene (42%), whereas ethylenevinylacetate (9%) was the least. The degree of urbanisation does not directly relate to the microplastic present in the river system in Kuching City, but the anthropogenic activity is the main factor that affecting the microplastic abundance in the river.

 

Keywords: anthropologenic activity, FTIR, microplastics, polymer identification, urban, sub-urban
Diversity of Airborne Fungi at Pepper Plantation Lembah Bidong, Kuala Terengganu
Authors: NUR AINU FARHAH RABAE  , SALMAN AZIZ  , ASAMOAH FREDERICK OSEI  , SITI NORDAHLIAWATE MOHAMED SIDIQUE
Published: December 2020

Piper nigrum L. is well-known as the king of spices and widely used in various field such as food and medicines. In Malaysia, 98% of pepper production comes from the state of Sarawak. The National Commodity Policy (2011-2020) targets to increase the pepper plantation area from the current 16,331 ha to 20,110 ha by year 2020. However, pepper diseases remain as a major challenge in the pepper industry. A great number of airborne fungi pathogen may contribute to a significant economic loss in pepper production. Therefore, this study aims to morphologically identify the diversity of fungi obtained from air-borne samples in a pepper planation that are capable of causing pepper plant diseases. This experiment was conducted at a pepper plantation near Lembah Bidong, Kuala Terengganu. An Andersen spore sampler was used to collect the fungi spores. Culture based identification were then made. The study resulted in the identification of four genus of fungi such as Fusarium sp, Fusarium semictectum Fusarium oxysporum, Curvularia sp., Penicillium sp. and Trichoderma sp. (Ascomycetes). Further molecular identification will confirm the species of fungal pathogens and more understanding of their population as well as severity.

 

Keywords: Pepper, Piper nigrum L., air-borne, fungi, Andersen spore sampler
Sistem Pengolahan Sampah Pasar Menjadi Kompos dengan Metode Takakura di Pasar Alai Padang
Authors: Darwel Darwel , Lindawati Lindawati , Onasis Aidil , Gusti Awalia
Published: December 2020

The market is one of the waste-producing places which, if not transported every day, will become a source of disease. The amount of organic waste produced can be processed into compost using a takakura basket. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of knowledge of traders in processing market waste. This type of research is descriptive in which the object under study is organic waste consisting of fruits and vegetables. Data analysis was performed using a table describing the average volume of waste produced per trader every day as well as the level of knowledge of traders on processing market waste into compost. The results of the analysis showed that most traders (52.9%) had high knowledge about organic waste processing. The average weight of organic waste produced by traders at Alai Padang Market is 9.18 kg per day and composting time is 30 days. Trash produced by traders can be processed using the takakura method, where the weight reduction effectiveness is more than 80%. It is hoped that Market Managers will always provide directions to traders so that they can process the generated waste first before dumping it into the TPS using the takakura method. It is also hoped that traders will always improve their knowledge in processing the waste produced so that the resulting waste can be of economic value.
PENGUJIAN DAN PERAWATAN MESIN GRANULAR
Authors: Ihsan Zul , Gunawan Robby , Sunitra Eka , Chadry Rivanol , Yetri Yuli
Published: December 2020

This paper discusses the granulator machine testing process. This test aims to determine the process of occurrence of granular. Granular pellets are one form of feed pellets, granular (rounded) and light in weight. Granular pellets are not easy to sink but are easily broken down in water. This type of pellet is made without going through the process of pressing, so that it can produce feed grains that are light weighted, not easily submerged but easily decomposed in water. The goal is to determine the optimal state of the granulator machine with three angular tilt positions, it can perform maintenance on the granulator machine. The granulator machine testing process is carried out by means of the plate angle measurement process, the water mixture measurement process, the plate speed measurement process. Material used for the testing process uses flour and water. While the tools used in the granulator machine testing process are spray, 14 key, sieve, and container. After testing at 3 angles at an angle of 25o, angle of 30o and angle of 35o the authors conclude that this machine can produce small granules at a slope of 250 with an engine speed of 17 rpm and average weight of granular which is produced 236 grams. While the results of hourly 3 kg / hour.
Importance of university communication in times of pandemic
Authors: Clery Arturo , Molina Lilian , Linzán Soraya , Muirragui Vienna , Zambrano-Maridueña Ricardo , Córdova Ana
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 is a concern for everyone, and specifically for Universities, students, teachers and authorities, responsible for public policies. Physical distancing became an element when deciding where and how to study, which reduces the possibility of educating oneself in environments with other people who may be infected. In this context, this research analyzes how the pandemic affected and continues to affect Ecuadorian universities, and its influence on all university actors. The crisis has put processes to the test. Communication is an example of this process that faces an unprecedented situation. In this sense, it is intended to reflect on how the pandemic affected and conditioned the practice of university communication, internal and external communication. Finally, emphasis is placed on the importance of managing the relationships of trust between teachers and students in the current health emergency scenario.
Hardness of an Asymmetric 2-Player Stackelberg Network Pricing Game
Authors: Bilò Davide , Gualà Luciano , Proietti Guido
Published: December 2020

Consider a communication network represented by a directed graph G=(V,E) of n nodes and m edges. Assume that edges in E are partitioned into two sets: a set C of edges with a fixed non-negative real cost, and a set P of edges whose costs are instead priced by a leader. This is done with the final intent of maximizing a revenue that will be returned for their use by a follower, whose goal in turn is to select for his communication purposes a subnetwork of Gminimizing a given objective function of the edge costs. In this paper, we study the natural setting in which the follower computes a single-source shortest paths tree of G, and then returns to the leader a payment equal to the sum of the selected priceable edges. Thus, the problem can be modeled as a one-round two-player Stackelberg Network Pricing Game, but with the novelty that the objective functions of the two players are asymmetric, in that the revenue returned to the leader for any of her selected edges is not equal to the cost of such an edge in the follower’s solution. As is shown, for any ϵ>0 and unless P=NP, the leader’s problem of finding an optimal pricing is not approximable within n1/2−ϵ, while, if G is unweighted and the leader can only decide which of her edges enter in the solution, then the problem is not approximable within n1/3−ϵ. On the positive side, we devise a strongly polynomial-time O(n)-approximation algorithm, which favorably compares against the classic approach based on a single-price algorithm. Finally, motivated by practical applications, we consider the special cases in which edges in C are unweighted and happen to form two popular network topologies, namely stars and chains, and we provide a comprehensive characterization of their computational tractability.
How to Prevent Bread Losses in the Baking and Confectionery Industry?—Measurement, Causes, Management and Prevention
Authors: Goryńska-Goldmann Elżbieta , Gazdecki Michał , Rejman Krystyna , Kobus-Cisowska Joanna , Łaba Sylwia , Łaba Robert
Published: December 2020

Food losses and waste are associated with inefficient use of agricultural land, water and other resources and agricultural raw materials. Reducing the scale of food wastage is one of the most urgent challenges for food system operators, starting from agriculture to food consumption in the households. This is all the more urgent as food insecurity has deepened during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are few studies on how to reduce food losses in food processing sectors, as most researchers focus on the demand side of the market, especially within household consumption. To fill the knowledge gaps related to the inefficient production system in the baking and confectionery industry (BCI), research was conducted to estimate the scale of losses in BCI in Poland, determine their causes and assess the risk of their occurrence, identify retrieve points (RP) and ways of reducing and preventing losses. Two research methods were used. Quantitative data were collected using an Internet survey method on a sample of 48 bakeries. The qualitative data was provided by 5 individual in-depth interviews with experts from the surveyed industry. The results showed that the total scale of losses in Polish BCI reached 2.39% (in 2017) and 2.63% (in 2018) of the weight of manufactured products. The loss analysis was presented within respective sections of production: raw materials magazine (RMM), production section (PS), final product magazine (FPM), final product transport (FPT). The highest loss level was reported for PS—1.56% (2017), 1.85% (2018). Additionally, 12 loss risks and nine main cause categories were identified. Potential 6 retrieve points (RP) during the baking processes were indicated: making and handling intermediate products and dough; portioning and forming of dough, baking, customised packing, shipping (storage), transport by own fleet. The type of risk, the cause of losses, their consequences, and manners of preventing losses were specified for each RP. Being the first study of this kind in Poland, its results are key to build a road map for further researches focused on reduction of food losses, more sustainable management of resources in BCI. It might contribute to corporate social responsibility and value co-creation.
Improvement of Tillering and Grain Yield by Application of Cytokinin Derivatives in Wheat and Barley
Authors: Koprna Radoslav , Humplík Jan F. , Špíšek Zdeněk , Bryksová Magdaléna , Zatloukal Marek , Mik Václav , Novák Ondřej , Nisler Jaroslav , Doležal Karel
Published: December 2020

Three cytokinin derivatives (CKd) designated as RR-G, RR-O, and RR-V applied by foliar spraying at tillering, and one compound previously described as a cytokinin antagonist (CKa) designated as RR-P applied as a seed coating were tested in winter wheat and spring barley in field trial experiments. The aim of the study was to examine the influence of the compounds that were tested on the number of productive tillers, grain yield, and endogenous CK content. With the exception of the compound RR-V, the measured parameters clearly showed the stimulatory effects of CKd on tillering and grain yield in spring barley and winter wheat. The RR-V showed a stimulatory effect on the number of productive tillers and yield in spring barley, but not in winter wheat. Although in winter wheat CKa stimulated both the number of productive tillers and the grain yield, there was an inhibitory effect in terms of the number of productive tillers observed in spring barley. The results of the endogenous cytokinin analysis suggested, among others, the importance of the role of isopentenyl-adenine types of cytokinins in the tillering of spring barley. In conclusion, the cytokinin derivative compounds with an agonistic or antagonistic role showed strong potential for application in the future development of plant growth regulators.
Soil Physical-Hydrological Degradation in the Root-Zone of Tree Crops: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Priori Simone , Pellegrini Sergio , Vignozzi Nadia , Costantini Edoardo A. C.
Published: December 2020

The diffusion of tree crops has continuously increased during the last decades all over the world. The market boost has favored the adoption of intensive and highly mechanized cultivation, often triggering the degradation of the soil physical-hydrological qualities, mainly through enhanced soil erosion and compaction. Several papers have been published on soil degradation and restoration strategies in specific perennial crops and environments. This review paper collects such studies showing the sensitivity of soil under tree crops to the degradation of their physical-hydrological qualities. Then it reports the state of the art on the methodologies used for the evaluation of the physical-hydrological qualities in the field and in the laboratory, also suggesting an improved methodology for estimating the actual available water capacity. Some updated and promising experiences to recover the physical-hydrological qualities of soil are then illustrated. In particular, subsoiling and placement of drainages, spreading of organic amendments, compost, biochar, using of cover crops, and biological inoculants. A key point in applying the restoration practices is that they should not only be specific for the soil and tree rooting system, but also tailored according to the ecosystem functions that need to be improved besides plant health and yield.
Soil Bio-Impact Effectiveness for the Optimal Multicriterial Environmental Sustainability in Crop Production
Authors: Naujokienė Vilma , Rimkuvienė Daiva , Šarauskis Egidijus
Published: December 2020

Different bio-impacts affect the various properties and composition of soil, plant residues, harvests, and technological processes, as well as the interactions between different parts of the soil, working machine tools, energy consumption and environmental pollution with harmful gases. To summarize the wide-coverage investigations of various aspects of different bio-impact parameters, a multicriteria evaluation was conducted. Experimental research shows that different bioeffects such as those of agricultural practices can be oriented towards a reduction in fuel consumption, followed by reductions in CO2 emissions from machinery and changes in soil properties, dynamics of composition, yield and other parameters. A multicriteria assessment of the essential parameters would give farmers new opportunities to choose one optimal decision for reducing fuel consumption and increasing agricultural production, thereby reducing the negative environmental impact of soil cultivation processes, increasing yields and improving soil. Of all the properties investigated, from a practical point of view, the selection of the most important of all the essential links, such as reducing energy and expenditure, reducing environmental pollution, improving soil, and increasing yields and productivity, is reasonable. The evaluation of the bio-impact effects in agriculture by accounting for many criteria from several aspects was the main objective of the multicriteria assessment using the analytic hierarchy process. Based on the results of a multivariable research of fuel consumption—C1, C2, yield—C3, CO2 from soil—C4, density—C5, total porosity—C6, humus—C7, soil stability—C8, and soil moisture content—C9, the evaluation used experimental research data and the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) mathematical method to find the best-case scenario. Multicriteria effectiveness was most pronounced after the first and third soil bio-impacts by using a solution of essential oils of plants, 40 species of various herbs extracts, marine algae extracts, mineral oils, Azospirillum sp. (N), Frateuria aurentia (K), Bacillus megaterium (P), seaweed extract. The most important goal was to achieve the best soil bio-impact effectiveness—minimized energy consumption from ploughing and disc harrowing operations, parallelly minimized harmful emissions from agricultural machinery, minimized CO2 from soil, soil density, maximized soil total porosity, soil humus, soil stability, yield and optimized soil moisture.
The Elucidation of Total Polyphenols, Individual Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity of Three Underutilized Fruit Species—Black Crowberry, Honeyberry, European Cranberry with Their Accumulation
Authors: Juríková Tünde , Mlček Jiří , Balla Štefan , Ondrášová Monika , Dokoupil Libor , Sochor Jiří , Ďurišová L’uba , Eliáš Pavol , Adámková Anna , Baroň Mojmír , Ercisli Sezai
Published: December 2020

Total polyphenols content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AA) and polyphenolic spectrum assay of three underutilized fruit species—black crowberry (Empetrum nigrum), honeyberry (Lonicera kamtschatica) and European cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos) is the aim of the present work. TPC and AA assay was performed by spectrophotometry and “individual phenolic compounds” were established by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that TPC ranged from 1.61 ± 0.16 (European cranberry) up to 5.65 ± 0.01 (Black cowberry) gallic acid mg/g fresh weight. The highest value of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay was determined in black crowberry fruit (7.43 ± 0.34 mmol TROLOX/g fresh weight of fruit). In all samples, the most prevalent phenolic acid was ferulic acid with the highest content in the samples of black crowberry (77.73 ± 3.99 µg/g FW of fruit), black crowberry and honeyberry were present by the highest level of gallic acid (21.82 ± 1.53; 15.07 ± 2.45 µg/g FW of fruit). Honeyberry represented a valuable source of quercetin (12.18 ± 7.88 µg/g FW of fruit), whereas European cranberry and honeyberry are a source of rutin (28.48 ± 0.83 and 27.99 ± 1.78 µg/g FW of fruit, respectively). The results of statistical analyses proved significant differences between cowberry and European cranberry in TPC content and in AA among assayed species. In the same way, statistically significant differences were confirmed in phenolic acids among the assayed species except for European cranberry-honeyberry (in trans p-coumaric, protocatequic and cinnamic acid) and honeyberry-cowberry (in cinnamic acid content). The catechin content is significantly influenced by species (p ≤ 0.05), on the other hand the species has no influence on the resveratrol content (p > 0.05). Each of the studied species can be considered as valuable source of total polyphenols and individual phenolic compounds. Polyphenolic compounds were most frequently accumulated in the vacuole as well as in the outer layers of pericarp.
Activated Yeast Extract Enhances Growth, Anatomical Structure, and Productivity of Lupinus termis L. Plants under Actual Salinity Conditions
Authors: S. Taha Ragab , Seleiman Mahmoud F. , Alhammad Bushra Ahmed , Alkahtani Jawaher , Alwahibi Mona S. , Mahdi Ayman H. A.
Published: December 2020

Salinity is one of the most severe environmental stresses that negatively limits anatomical structure, growth and the physiological and productivity traits of field crops. The productivity of lupine plants is severely restricted by abiotic stress, particularly, salinity in arid and semiarid regions. Activated yeast extract (AYE) can perform a vital role in the tolerance of environmental stress, as it contains phytohormones and amino acids. Thus, field experiments were conducted to explore the potential function of active yeast extract (0, 50, 75, and 100 mL AYE L−1) in mitigating the harmful impacts of salinity stress (EC = 7.65 dS m−1) on anatomical structure, growth, and the physiological and productivity traits of two lupine cultivars: Giza 1 and Giza 2. The different AYE treatments resulted in a substantial improvement in studied attributes, for example the growth, anatomical, physiological characteristics, and seed yields of treated lupine cultivars compared with untreated plants. Among the AYE doses, 75 mL L−1 significantly improved plant growth, leaf photosynthetic pigments, total soluble sugars, total protein, and seed yields, and exposed the best anatomical attributes of the two lupine cultivars grown under saline stress. The exogenous application of 75 mL AYE L−1 was the most influential, and it surpassed the control results by 45.9% for 100-seed weight and 26.9% for seed yield per hectare. On the other hand, at a concentration of 75 mL L−1 AYE there was a decrease in the alkaloids and endogenous proline under the studied salinity stress conditions. Promoted salinity stress tolerance through sufficient AYE dose is a hopeful strategy to enhance the tolerance and improve productivity of lupine into salinity stress. Furthermore, the response of lupine to salinity stress appears to rely on AYE dose. The results proved that Giza 2 was more responsive to AYE than Giza 1, showing a better growth and higher yield, and reflecting further salinity tolerance than the Giza 1 cultivar.
Response of Milling and Appearance Quality of Rice with Good Eating Quality to Temperature and Solar Radiation in Lower Reaches of Huai River
Authors: Zhou Nianbing , Wei Haiyan , Zhang Hongcheng
Published: December 2020

The effects of temperature and solar radiation on milling and appearance quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were evaluated to find the optimal temperature and solar radiation for optimizing milling and appearance quality of rice in the lower reaches of Huai River. Field experiments were conducted with two medium-maturing japonica soft rice varieties (SMR), two late-maturing japonica soft rice varieties (SLR) and two late-maturing japonica non-soft rice varieties (LR) as experimental materials. Seeds were sown on 10 May (T1), 17 May (T2), 24 May (T3), 31 May (T4), 7 June (T5), 14 June (T6), and 21 June (T7) in 2017 and 2018. Compared with solar radiation, temperature was the main environmental factor affecting the milling and appearance quality of rice in the lower reaches of Huai River. Under the condition of ensuring relatively high-yield, the milling quality of SMR and SLR can reach the second grade of China’s national standard of high quality paddy. The mean daily temperature (Tmean) range were 20.2–22.7 °C and 20.4–22.0 °C respectively. The temperature range for LR to obtain a relatively high-yield, good milling and appearance quality was 20.4–20.7 °C. The optimal sowing dates of SMR, SLR and LR were 15 May to 1 June, 15 May to 20 May and 15 May to 20 May, respectively.
Improvements of Durum Wheat Main Crop in Weed Control, Productivity and Grain Quality through the Inclusion of FenuGreek and Clover as Companion Plants: Effect of N FertilizaTion Regime
Authors: Toukabri Wael , Ferchichi Nouha , Hlel Dorsaf , Jadlaoui Mohamed , Kheriji Oussema , Zribi Fathia , Taamalli Wael , Mhamdi Ridha , Trabelsi Darine
Published: December 2020

Assessing the performance of legume species as companion plants is a prerequisite for promoting a low chemical-input durum wheat production system. This study aims to evaluate fenugreek (IC-Fen), clover (IC-Clo) and their mixture (IC-Mix) performances on weed control, productivity, and grain quality of durum wheat main crop under different N fertilization regimes, as compared to durum wheat alone with (SC-H) and without (SC-NH) herbicide. On-field experimentations were carried out in humid and semi-arid conditions. Results showed that legumes offer significant advantages in terms of weed control, soil moisture conservation, productivity, and grain quality for durum wheat cash crops. Results explain that these benefits depend on the legume part and the adopted N fertilization regime. Most significant improvements occurred with the IC-Mix under unfertilized conditions (N0) and relatively low and late N regimes (N1 and N2) where, for example, the partial land equivalent ratio of durum wheat grain yield (PLER) reached 1.25 compared to the SC-NH, with no need to sort the raw grain product (legumes seeds not exceeding 4.3%). Our study illustrates that under low and late N-fertilization condition using promising legumes species combinations result in the improvement of N fertilizer land-use efficiency and hence help to reduce N-fertilization inputs.
Transabdominal Renal Doppler Ultrasound in Healthy Adult Holstein-Friesian Cows: A Pilot Study
Authors: Barreiro-Vázquez J. Daniel , Miranda Marta , Barreiro-Lois Andrés
Published: December 2020

There is a notable lack of reference values for the renal resistive indices in the bovine kidney. Ultrasound (US) Doppler evaluation of these indices is a powerful, non-invasive technique for assessing, monitoring and diagnosing renal diseases in humans and other animals (e.g., small animals and horses). The aims of the present study were to establish a protocol for renal Doppler US in adult healthy Holstein-Friesian cows and to provide reference values for the renal resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI). In cattle, the right kidney is always visible through a right abdominal window. Nevertheless, the left kidney is rarely accessible by transabdominal ultrasound. Doppler evaluation of the kidneys via a transabdominal approach is possible when accessible, but measurements can only be made in the larger vessels at the renal hilum. Normal RI and PI values were respectively 0.49 ± 0.07 and 0.70 ± 0.15 for the right kidney and 0.53 ± 0.05 and 0.79 ± 0.11 for the left kidney. We suggest an upper cut-off value for the RI of 0.63 and for the PI of 1.00 in healthy Holstein-Friesian cows. This is the first report describing normal values for the renal RI and PI in cattle that may be useful in future studies for characterizing different bovine pathologies that affect the renal parenchyma.
Skin Diseases in Donkeys and Mules—An Update
Authors: Lima Telma S. , Silva Raquel A. F. , Pereira Raquel M. F. , Soares Karoline L. , Santos Nayadjala T. A. , Sousa Mônica S. , Mendonça Fábio S. , Lucena Ricardo B.
Published: December 2020

The skin of donkeys and mules represents a promising source of income; however, cultural, productive, and infectious factors can directly interfere with the quality of the integumentary tissue and well-being of these species. The objective of this study is to present a literature review on equine dermatopathies. This literature review included scientific articles related to equine medicine and breeding according to pre-established search terms and expressions published in recently articles. The evaluation of the clinical and pathological behavior of dermatopathies implies the use of control strategies and the recognition of pathological patterns that may be particular to the species.