bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breastfeeding in russia: problems and prospects
Authors: Ladodo O. B. , Zhdanova S. I. , Zubkov V. V. , Kodentsova V. M. , Degtyarev D. N. , Ryumina I. I. , Salagay O. O. , Sheshko E. L.
Published: April 2023

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life provides many short and long term health benefits. A woman’s awareness of the concept of breastfeeding as a unique biological phenomenon that has not only nutritional, but also psychological significance, which has a powerful positive effect on the neuropsychic development of the child, is an important condition for the development of breastfeeding dominance. Premature weaning or refusal to breastfeed increases the risk of developing many socially significant diseases for both mother and child.

The ability to optimize the micronutrient status of a pregnant and then lactating woman by taking specialized vitamin-mineral complexes (VMCs) that correspond to the physiological needs of women in this physiological state dictates the need, on the one hand, to develop new clinical recommendations for women’s nutrition during this period, on the other hand – creation of educational (educational) programs of healthy nutrition using mass media. It is also necessary to expedite the adoption of a law on mandatory salt iodization. Admission, IUD for lactating women, is a reliable way not only to eliminate multiple micronutrient deficiencies in the diet and improve the supply of the body of a nursing woman, but also to optimize the vitamin composition of breast milk and the provision of a child exclusively breastfed.

Some problems that arise during breastfeeding have been identified, including the lack of awareness of women about the benefits of breastfeeding for the health of the child and mother, the insufficient use of IUDs to improve the micronutrient status of both women and infants, and the lack of educational programs explaining the benefits of breastfeeding. Only the joint work of medical and public organizations to eliminate these problems will make it possible to maximize the benefits of breastfeeding.
Social and legal and medical aspects of transsexualism (gender incongruence)
Authors: Yagubov M. I. , Shport S. V. , Starostina E. A. , Dobaeva N. V. , Ichmelyan M. A.
Published: April 2023

Currently, some of the most widely discussed, both in medical circles and in society as a whole, are issues related to the Transsexualism phenomenon. This interest is due to a sharp increase in the number of persons applying for gender reassignment, the exclusion of this pathology from the class of mental disorders and disorders of behavior in the International Classification of Diseases of the 11th revision, difficulties in differential diagnosis with other mental diseases, a number of ethical problems and imperfection of the organizational and legal aspects of care for such patients. The purpose of this article is to summarize information concerning the health, social and legal aspects of transsexualism (gender incongruence). Materials and methods. This review analyzed more than 60 foreign and domestic sources, included in the review the most influential works in the field of sexology, psychiatry, regulations related to the regulation of the gender change process, official materials of the World Health Organization and the American Psychiatric Association, as well as Standards of medical care compiled by the World Professional Association on Transgender Health. As a result of the review, the place of transsexualism is shown in the new International Classification of Diseases, the relationship with mental disorders, modern data on prevalence, therapeutic approaches and regulatory aspects of gender change are presented. The need to continue research in this area on large samples of people with disorders of sexual identification (gender incongruence), optimization of diagnostic and therapeutic care, this category of persons, as well as the development of uniform standards for diagnosis, therapy and the provision of socio-rehabilitation measures is indicated.
Competence of HLS: new practices of formation (experience of the regional network medical and social project)
Authors: Skliarova T. V. , Yakhina R. R. , Kurlova E. B.
Published: April 2023

Introduction.The article proposes a new strategy for preserving and strengthening public health through the formation of healthy lifestyle competencies in the youth environment. The object of the study was the student youth, as the most promising socio-demographic group of the population. The subject of the study was the mechanisms of social construction of conscious attitudes of young people to lead a healthy lifestyle. A new approach has been proposed and justified, contributing to the expansion and consolidation of knowledge about the impact of medical and social determinants of health on quality and life expectancy.

Target.To identify and substantiate new effective practices for reducing risk factors for youth health, using existing scientific and practical knowledge and experience

Methods.In the course of the work, methods of theoretical generalization, content analysis, secondary analysis of empirical data, quantitative research method were applied. The scientific sources were domestic and foreign monographs, articles, results of dissertation research, methodological materials, university websites.

Results.An original author’s project has been developed aimed at creating a network of social partners and contributing to improving the level of youth literacy in health issues.

Conclusion.The participatory approach in strengthening and preserving public health is an effective method of forming knowledge about the culture of health and consolidating the competencies of healthy lifestyle.
Design of Atmega2560 Charge Controller Battery Using Static Bicycle
Authors: Kiswantono Agus
Published: April 2023

At this time charging system has been increasingly advanced. advance with technological developments. One of them is the use of microcontrollers whose. applications are growing rapidly their application in charging. Battery Charge Controller is a charging device, to adjust the input voltage and output voltage of the battery so as not to overcharge and overdischarge. In this study, a battery charging control system with inputs produced by a pedal power plant was designed to drain the power from the power cycling generator to the Arduino Uno Microcontroller atmega 2560. The test that have been done on the Battery Charge Controller obtained a voltage of 14 volts, which causes the power supply to the load to be stable.
Endoscopic Evaluation and Helicobacter Pylori Prevalence in Dyspeptic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors:   Department of Gastroenterology, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey, Ecemiş Ozgur , Ustaoglu Muge ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey, Eruzun Hasan ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey, Bakir Tulay ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey, Bektaş Ahmet ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Objective: Dyspepsia is a common symptom in chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as in the normal population and may develop due to functional or organic causes. In the literature, there are different results about dyspepsia symptoms, upper gastrointestinal tract lesions and Hp prevalence in CKD. In this study, endoscopic findings and the prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori (Hp) in dyspeptic chronic kidney patients were investigated and compared with the normal population. Materials and Methods: 67 patients with dyspeptic CKD (52 hemodialysis, 6 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, 9 predialysis) and 63 age and gender-matched control groups were included in our study. Gastrointestinal symptom scoring, upper endoscopic examination, histopathological examination of gastric antrum and corpus biopsies taken during this period, and rapid urease test (RUT) for Hp were performed on all cases included in the study. Results: Gastrointestinal symptom scores were not different between the CKD and control groups (6.2±2.5 vs 7.7±3.6) (p>0.05). Although the prevalence of Hp in the CKD group (44.8%) was lower than the control group (54%) according to gastric biopsy findings, there was no difference between them (p>0.05). In the endoscopic examination, duodenal ulcer was more common in the control group and duodenitis in the CKD group, and the difference between them was significant (p<0.05). When compared with histopathological evaluation, the sensitivity (78% vs. 79%) and specificity (95% vs. 93%) of the urease test were similar in the CKD and control groups in both groups. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal symptom score and Hp prevalence in chronic kidney disease were similar to the control group. No correlation was found between Hp and gastrointestinal symptom score. In the endoscopic examination, duodenal ulcer was more common in the control group and duodenitis was more common in the CKD group.
Magnitude of Hydrocephalus in Neonates: Its Surgical Management and Complications
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Surgery, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan., Bashir Muhammad Kashif , Ishtiaq Aisha ,   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mayo Hospital Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, Bashir Shazia ,   Department of Trauma and Rehabilitation, Nasjon University of Health and Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Background: To determine magnitude of congenital or acquired hydrocephalus and its possible management and complications. Materials and Methods: This Hospital based Retrospective observational study was conducted in department of pediatric surgery King Edward medical university / Mayo hospital Lahore from January 2021 to March 2022. All patients presented from neonatal life till 3 months of age with hydrocephalus due to congenital or acquired reasons were included in this study. There were 55 male and 28 female patients with male predominance. A detailed Proforma was made giving patients information, associated congenital or acquired anomaly and surgical management of hydrocephalus. All patients were operated on elective operation theatre list. Post-operative complications were noticed on admission files and addressed. Results: During the study period, 83(n=1) patients with hydrocephalus were admitted in department of pediatric surgery Mayo hospital Lahore. Among these patients, 56(67.5%) patients have hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocele while 10(12%) patients with encephalocele. 11(13.3%) patients showed hydrocephalus due to post tuberculosis meningitis while 3(3.6%) patients with Arnold chiari 2 malformation. 1(1.2%) patients presented with hydrocephalus due to Congenital obstruction of cerebral aqueduct while 2(2.4%) with Intracranial hemorrhage ventriculoperitoneal shunting was performed in 55(66.3%) patients to treat hydrocephalus. Conservative management of hydrocephalus was done in 24(28.9%) patients while in 4(4.8%) patients ventricular taping was done. Wound infection was major post-operative complication and was noted in in 13 (15.7%) patients. Conclusion: Ventriculo peritoneal shunting is main treatment modality for obstructed hydrocephalus. Major complication of ventriculo pertoneal shunting is infection which can be prevented by proper prophylactic antibiotics as well as sterile environment of operation theatre.
Nano composites of PAM Reinforced with Al2O3
Authors: Al-dabbag Balqees M. , Kadhim Hanaa Jawad
Published: April 2023

الهدف من هذا البحث هو تحديد مدى تأثير نسب الوزن المختلفة لجسيمات الألومينا النانوية بنسب وزنية مختلفة تشمل   0.02 ، 0.04، و 0.06  في المائة نسبة وزنية  على الخصائص الفيزيائية لبولي أكريلاميد (PAAM) . تم استخدام جهاز الخلاط المغناطيسي  الحراري للحصول على المحاليل  من  إذابة 10 غم من مسحوق بولي أكريلاميد في 90 غم من الماء المقطر المؤين لمدة 4 ساعات لإنتاج محلول   PAAM بتركيز 0.11 غم / مل . تم تقسيم المحلول الناتج الى  أربعة أقسام متساوية من المحلول ، كل منها بحجم 20 مل. تمت إضافة دقائق الالومينا النانوية  لكل محلول بشكل مستقل بنسب مختلفة  0.0 ، 0.02 ، 0.04 ، 0.06  لتكوين أربعة محاليل نانوية سائلة بمحتويات مختلفة من جسيمات الألومينا النانوية بناءً على كل نسبة وزن. تم استخدام عملية الصب اليدوي لعينات المركبات النانوية ، والتي تضمنت صب المحلول المحضر في قالب من البلاستيك  بحجم مناسب وتركت المحاليل  لمدة 24 ساعة لاتمام عملية التصلب  لإنشاء أغشية النانو المركبة ،  ثم قطع الغشاء الرقيق الناتج وفقًا لكل اختبار ،. تم استخدام اختبار الشد لدراسة قوة الشد ، ومعامل يونك ، والاستطالة ، والمتانة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، تم إجراء اختبار الأشعة تحت الحمراء (FTIR) لفحص الروابط الكيميائية والفيزيائية بين بولي أكريلاميد وجسيمات الألومينا النانوية. تم فحص مورفولوجيا السطح  باستخدام جهاز المجهر الالكتروني الماسح. تم اختبار زوايا الترطيب  للعينات لتحديد السلوك اتجاه الماء لهذه العينات.. أظهرت النتائج أن اضافة جسيمات الألومينا النانوية الى البولي اكريل امايد  يحسن الخصائص الميكانيكية للمركبات النانوية الناتجة. تزداد قوة الشد من 1 كيكا باسكال إلى 2.5 كيكا باسكال مع زيادة محتوى الألومينا النانوية من 0 إلى 0.06٪ نسبة وزنية .و بالنسبة لنفس النسب السابقة ، زاد معامل يونك كذلك ، حيث ارتفع من 1.3 إلى 2 كيكا باسكال للنسبة الوزنية  لجسيمات الألومينا النانوية  0.04 بالمائة بالوزن ، ترتفع المتانة إلى 240 جول / سم 2. من ناحية أخرى ، أدت إضافة دقائق الألومينا النانوية إلى زيادة زاوية التبلل لسطح PAAM من 55 درجة إلى 67 درجة ، وأظهرت سلوكًا محبًا للماء .
Continuous Methane Monitoring: Equivalency Evaluation of Regulator-Approved Alternative Leak Detection and Repair Program in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Benko Tim , MacGregor Alex , Wen Eric , Fox Thomas , Moorhouse Brendan
Published: April 2023

Diverse methods have emerged for methane leak detection and repair (LDAR), alongside a growing interest in continuous monitoring (CM). Novel LDAR programs must demonstrate equivalent (or better) emissions reductions compared to conventional handheld methods to be approved by regulators and trusted by industry. We apply and test a widely accepted equivalency framework and report on a regulatory approved alternative LDAR pilot program to evaluate the performance of CM relative to conventional LDAR. The framework, which has not been formally tested to date, relies on a combination of controlled release testing, simulation modeling, and field piloting. First, controlled release testing at known emission rates is used to establish probability of detection functions and other performance metrics for the CM device. Performance metrics are then used to build a CM module in LDAR Simulator (LDAR-Sim), an open-access modeling framework. Finally, CM devices are deployed as part of a field pilot.

Controlled release testing results and dispersion modeling suggest that the CM devices can reliably detect (i.e., 90% detection probability or greater) a rate of 1 kg/h (~54 scf/hr) from distances of 75–100 m with no false positive detections. A set of work practices were established using the LDAR-Sim framework. The CM program requires close-range follow-up for any detection event and is estimated by LDAR-Sim to reduce aggregate annual fugitive methane emissions by 91.8% relative to the baseline, doubling the reductions anticipated from a conventional regulatory program. For the pilot, 52 devices are deployed across 16 facilities with Enhance Energy. All devices are positioned within 100 m of monitored assets. Each time devices record a detection event, which is defined as a sustained anomaly three standard deviations above a moving average background concentration for 24 hours, 7 days, or 60 days, the operator performs a close-range follow-up inspection. Preliminary results show that the CM devices can detect leaks and that follow-up protocols are effective at immediately finding leaks and avoiding false positives. Confirmed detections include fugitive emissions such as a tank thief hatch leak and vented emissions including high-bleed pneumatics. Both types of emissions were confirmed as repaired or improved by CM. These results indicate that repairing leaks more expeditiously through faster detection can reduce emissions by up to 90%.
Transfer Learning with Prior Data-Driven Models from Multiple Unconventional Fields
Authors: Cornelio Jodel , Mohd Razak Syamil , Cho Young , Liu Hui-Hai , Vaidya Ravimadhav , Jafarpour Behnam
Published: April 2023

Constructing reliable data-driven models to predict well production performance (e.g., estimated ultimate recovery, cumulative production, production curves, etc.) for unconventional reservoirs requires large amounts of data. However, when considering unconventional reservoirs in their early stages of development, where data and the wells drilled are limited, one may benefit from leveraging available data and/or pretrained models from other more developed fields. Transfer learning, the process of storing knowledge gained while solving one problem (source data) and applying it to solve a different but related problem (target data), provides a workflow for alleviating data needs in training a data-driven model in fields with limited data. However, a pitfall in the application of transfer learning is the possibility of negative transfer, that is, transferring incorrect or irrelevant knowledge to the target data. In particular, the black-box nature of most data-driven models, e.g., neural networks, support vector machines, and random forest, makes it difficult to completely interpret the contribution of different source models used for knowledge transfer. Hence, ranking the viability of source models for transfer learning can reduce the risk of negative transfer and improve the prediction performance. In this paper, we illustrate the impact of negative transfer and how it can be identified, and present a new approach for ranking multiple source models based on their positive transfer contribution. Finally, we propose a framework to build a reliable model to predict well production performance by combining multiple sources of information into one network to be transferred and retrained with limited data in fields at their early stages of development.
A Study on the Development System of Coast Guard Officers: Focusing on recruiting beginner officers
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Ko Myung Suk , Jung Cho Young
Published: April 2023

With the advent of the era of maritime competition over territorial sovereignty and marine resources worldwide, the role of the Coast Guard, a maritime executive agency, is becoming increasingly important. There is a growing demand from the public that wants to provide the highest level of administrative services internally and demands rational leadership in terms of fairness and justice. Coast Guard officers carry out important tasks to manage the organization, deal with pending issues, and design the future with a basic spirit of service and democracy to the people. Therefore, it is an important and urgent matter to be competitive in the organization and provide the best service to the people through the training of competent executive personnel.
Despite its long history, the Korean Coast Guard maintains the previous system in its officer development system. It has been maintained until today without significant changes in the basic framework of Police Executive Candidate, which is the initial system. As a result, the overall organizational competitiveness has been weakened externally, and it has not been able to keep pace with the rapidly changing marine environment. Internally, it is deriving various problems such as lack of leadership, pure bloodism, and failure to promote its own director.
In order for the Korean Coast Guard to become an institution that leads the pending maritime issues and provides high-quality services, it is necessary to diagnose the problems of the officer development system and seek alternatives. In consideration of the constraints of the scope of the study, this study will focus on the recruitment system and education and training of beginner officers among various categories related to officer development.
First, we will look at the recruitment system for beginner officers and the current status of education and training for advanced foreign and domestic similar institutions. Next, we will identify the problems caused by the Korea Coast Guard officer development system. Finally, I would like to present a reasonable alternative to the development plan of Korea Coast Guard officers by focusing on the recruitment of beginner officers.
A Longitudinal Study on Bullying Victimization among Adolescents in Multicultural Families: Focusing on Parents/Adolescents' Acculturative Stress and Social Supports
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Park Yeoju
Published: April 2023

The current study aims to explore the impact of the acculturative stress of parents on bullying victimization among adolescents in multicultural families, through acculturative stress of adolescents and social supports. This study also aims to explore the contemporaneous effect and cross-lagged effects between acculturative stress of adolescents and bullying victimization. Using the data drawn from the first and second years of the Second Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS 2), SEM and regression models were utilized. The results of SEM show that the acculturative stress of parents is not directly related to bullying victimization, but the impact of acculturative stress on bullying victimization was mediated by acculturative stress of adolescents and social supports, separately. Significant contemporaneous effects were found between acculturative stress and bullying victimization, but cross-lagged effects. Results suggest new strategies to reduce school bullying for adolescents in multicultural families. The implications and limitations of this study are discussed.
A community-based Advanced Nurse Practitioner-led integrated oncology care model for adults receiving oral anticancer medication: A pilot study
Authors: richmond janice , kelly mary grace , johnston alison , murphy patrick j , O'connor laura , gillespie paddy , hobbins anna , Alvarez-Iglesias alberto , murphy andrew w
Published: April 2023

Oral anti-cancer medications (OAMs) are being used increasingly within cancer care. OAMs offer the potential to improve patient convenience and increase hospital capacity. The clinical assessment for each cycle of OAMs requires specialist patient review often performed in the acute hospital. Consequently, any improvement in patient expediency or increased hospital capacity is not realised. This study aimed to develop and pilot the specialist assessment of patients receiving OAMs by an Advanced Nurse Practitioner (ANP) in a community setting.
The primary aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of a community-based ANP-led integrated oncology care model for adults receiving OAMs in Ireland who met the pre-specified eligibility criteria. The objectives were to determine the feasibility of a definitive trial of this intervention by measuring patient safety, acceptability to patients and staff and cost of the new model of care.
This single-centre pilot study provided patient care (n = 37) to those receiving OAM therapies within a community setting for a 4-month period. Consent rate was high with no attrition other than for clinical reasons. There were 151 contacts with the sample during that time.
Results demonstrated that the ANP-led intervention and new model for OAM care was safe, highly acceptable to patients and staff and that related healthcare costs could be captured. Based on the success of this pilot study the authors conclude that an ANP-led integrated oncology care model for adults receiving OAMs within a community setting is feasible, and a definitive trial is warranted.
Trial Registration
Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN10401455. Registered 30 November 2020, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10401455
Synergistic effects of Li&Na co-doping enabling flexible Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 solar cells with over 10% certified efficiency
Authors: Cheng Shuying , Sun Quanzhen , Shi Chen , Xie Weihao , Li Yifan , Li Yaling , Zhang Caixia , Wu Jionghua , Zheng Qiao , Deng Hui
Published: April 2023

Double ion doping is an effective strategy for efficiently flexible Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells, simultaneously relieving the adverse effects of various defects. Here, a Li&Na co-doped strategy is applied to synergistically inhibit the detrimental bulk defects in CZTSSe absorbers and improve the devices performances. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.53% with certified 10.12% for the flexible CZTSSe solar cell has been achieved. The space charge limited current (SCLC) and temperature-dependent conductivity (TDC) characterizations show that Li incorporation passivates harmful CuZn anti-site defects and Na incorporation increases beneficial defects in the CZTSSe films. Synergistic effects of Li and Na incorporations increase carrier concentration and reduce the interfacial defects, thereby enhancing Voc by 19.76% compared with the undoped device. In addition, profiting from the high-performance small-area (0.205 cm2) devices, we achieve a large-area (2.38 cm2) flexible CZTSSe device with a 9.41% PCE. The co-doping investigation to alter the characteristics of detrimental defects provides a new perspective for efficiently flexible CZTSSe solar cells.
An economic decision-making model of anticipated surprise with dynamic expectation
Authors: Chan Ho Ka , Toyoizumi Taro
Published: April 2023

When making decisions under risk, people often exhibit behaviors that classical economic theories cannot explain. Newer models that attempt to account for these ‘irrational’ behaviors often lack neuropsychological bases and require introduction of subjective and problem-specific constructs. Neuroscience findings, like prediction error signals and introspective neuronal replay, as well as psychological theories like affective forecasting, suggest that people mentally simulate outcomes of events and anticipate their potential effects. Inspired by this, we propose a model in which decisions are chosen based on an entity which we call the ‘anticipated surprise’, defined by a nonlinear average of the differences between individual outcomes and a reference point. The reference point is determined by the expected value of the possible outcomes, which we assume to be dynamically changing during the mental simulation of a sequence of events. We illustrate how our model explains prominent economic paradoxes and gambling behaviors by considering the mental simulation of outcome resolution of the corresponding decision-making problems and interpreting those problems as compound lotteries. Our work could point towards an objective, potentially measurable quantity that describes the perceived ‘subjectiveness’ arising from emotional aspects in decision-making processes when evaluating predicted event outcomes.
Linkage to Hospital Pharmacy for Rifaximin Receipt Prior to Discharge from Hospitalization with Hepatic Encephalopathy Reduces Early Readmissions in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Nwankwo Eugene , Annakie David , DO Ameya Deshmukh , DO Parth Desai , Jain Ritika , Tripathi Rohan , Qureshi Kamran
Published: April 2023

Background and Aims
Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) leads to multiple hospitalizations in liver cirrhosis. This imposes a significant burden on patients caregivers, and the healthcare system. Rifaximin reduces HE recurrence and hospitalizations, but many patients are not able to receive Rifaximin promptly after hospitalizations due to gaps in the prior authorization process and insurance coverage. This study shows the results of the Quality Improvement (QI) project aimed at improving access to Rifaximin by utilization of hospital pharmacy to provide Rifaximin at bedside or soon after hospital discharge with HE.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 124 patients admitted to our hospital with recurrent HE was performed. All selected patients had Rifaximin prescribed for the first time during a hospitalization (index hospitalization). Both 30-day and 60-day liver-related hospitalizations were recorded for these patients. 80 patients were included in the intervention group when the hospital pharmacy was notified of the Rifaximin prescription prior to discharge as part of a QI project (Group A). Control (Group-B) group included 44 patients who had admission and were prescribed Rifaximin at discharge, prior to initiation of our QI project.
Results
The number of patients who had a re-admission after index hospitalization with HE was lower in Group A compared to Group B (48% vs 73%, p=0.002 for re-admission within 30 days; 56% vs 73%, p=0.007 for re-admission within 60 days respectively). Total hospitalizations decreased in Group A (reduced by 32%, and 59% for the 30-day and 60-day time frame, respectively) compared to Group B. The median days to readmission in Group A was 32, compared to 10 in Group B after the index hospitalization.
Conclusion
Providing Rifaximin to patients with recurrent HE before or soon after discharge from HE-related hospitalization reduced readmission rates for liver-related admissions at our hospital. A significantly higher number of patients did not require early readmission when Rifaximin was provided by the hospital pharmacy. This intervention could lead to lower costs, fewer complications related to frequent hospitalization, and thus reduced healthcare burden.
The prevalence and molecular detection of bovine cysticercosis and its impact on slaughtered cattle in Egypt
Authors: El-Dakhly Khaled Mohamed , Hany Shaimaa Ahmed , Arafa Waleed M. , Abdel-Fatah Omima Ramadan , Abdel-Atty Nasser Sayed , El-Nahass El-Shaymaa
Published: April 2023

Cysticercus bovis is the metacestode of the commonly defined foodborne cestode, Taenia saginata. It infects heart, masseter muscles and other muscular sites of cattle causing bovine cysticercosis. So, a retrospective study using archival documents from authorized agencies is done during the period of 2018–2020 with estimating economic losses. Cysts were collected from municipal Beni-Suef and Basatin abattoirs. Molecular approach including cPCR and sequencing analysis is used to prove the species. The prevalence was 0.34% in Beni-Suef abattoir and 5.70% in Basatin abattoir including heads, hearts or all carcasses condemned. Among 27 provinces surveyed, the highest prevalence was recorded in Aswan followed by Cairo, Suez and Red Sea. Moreover, 19 provinces (Cairo, Alexandria, Suez, Dakahlia, Sharkia, Qalyobia, Kafrelsheikh, Gharbia, Menofiya, Ismailia, Giza, Beni-Suef, Assiut, Sohag, Qena, Aswan, Red Sea, South Sinai and El-Wadi El-Gadid) recorded bovine cysticercosis in 2018, 2019 and 2020. On the other hand, Luxor and North Sinai had no infections. The percentages of condemnation among slaughtered cattle were 1.38, 1.49 and 0.87% in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. Condemnations significantly varied among north, middle and south districts of Egypt, and also varied annually. Molecularly, a diagnostic band at an amplicon size 253 bp targeting the COI gene specific for Cycticercus bovis was revealed. The obtained sequences showed 100% identity with the different Taenia saginata COI GB sequence isolates in many countries worldwide. The phylogenetic analysis method showed that the obtained sequences originating from the same clade of Taenia saginata GB isolates globally. Careful meat inspection as well as strict hygienic measures is recommended for both veterinarians and public.
Ocular hypotony precipitated by Tube Trimming in a uveitic eye with Descemet Membrane Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty and prior tube revision
Authors: Lee Jackson Chee Chea , Chan Geoffrey Zhi Peng , Georgoulas Stylianos
Published: April 2023

Background To describe ocular hypotony precipitated by trimming of a glaucoma shunt tube in an eye with uveitic glaucoma, a failed Descemet Membrane Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSAEK) and prior tube revisions.Case Presentation: A patient in her thirties with uveitic glaucoma of the right eye had endothelial decompensation of a DSAEK graft secondary to corneal endothelial touch from two previous glaucoma drainage implants. She underwent ab-interno tube trimming and subsequently developed postoperative hypotony with intraocular pressure (IOP) of 2 mm Hg. Intraoperative Trypan blue was effectively utilized to make the diagnosis of an over-filtering glaucoma drainage device, despite the presence of an intraluminal stent. Tube ligation was performed, and the IOP increased to 8 mmHg. IOP has remained stable at a 6-month follow-up review.Conclusions Glaucoma shunt tube trimming may be associated with development of ocular hypotony despite minimal manipulation or removal of the associated intraluminal stent in non-valved glaucoma drainage devices. Trypan blue may be considered as a useful diagnostic adjunct for determining the underlying cause of hypotony in such cases.
A Systematic Overview of Fuzzy Random Option Pricing in Discrete Time and a Binomial Extension to Temporal Structure of Interest Rates
Authors: de Andrés-Sánchez Jorge
Published: April 2023

This paper makes a bibliographical analysis of fuzzy set theory (FST) contributions to option pricing with a fuzzy-random approach with detailed attention to those based in the binomial lattice. Likewise, we extend the fuzzy-random approach to yield curve binomial modelling. The bibliographical analysis was performed by applying PRISMA guidelines in the SCOPUS and WoS databases. We first present a structured report of papers about the more general fuzzy-random option pricing (FROP) field and identify principal outlets. Within FROP, we focus on the more concrete fuzzy random discrete time option pricing (FROPDT) in binomial and trinomial lattices, which is developed in greater detail. We detect that this groundwork has been extended to price options on stocks, stock indexes and real options, but no work has been done in the field of the term structure of interest rates and fixed income securities. Thus, we propose a fuzzy extension of the Ho-Lee model that we apply to the European interbank market and to price caplets.
Comprehensive genomic evaluation of advanced and recurrent breast cancer patients for tailored precision treatments
Authors: Ido Mirai , Fujii Kimihito , Mishima Hideyuki , Kubo Akihito , Saito Masayuki , Banno Hirona , Ito Yukie , Goto Manami , Ando Takahito , Mouri Yukako , Kousaka Junko , Imai Tsuneo , Nakano Shogo
Published: April 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate genetic alterations within breast cancer in the setting of recurrent or de novo stage IV disease.
Patients and Methods: This study included 22 patients with recurrent breast cancer (n=19) and inoperable de novo stage IV breast cancer (n=3). For next generation sequencing, FoundationOneRCDx (F1CDx) (Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA) was performed in 21 patients and FoundationOneRLiquid CDx was performed in 1 patient.
Results: Median age was 62.9 years (range, 33.4–82.1). Pathological diagnoses of specimens included invasive ductal carcinoma (n=19), invasive lobular carcinoma (n=2), and invasive micropapillary carcinoma (n=1). F1CDx detected a median of 4.5 variants (range, 1–11). The most commonly altered gene were PIK3CA (n=9), followed by TP53 (n=7), MYC (n=4), PTEN (n=3), and CDH1 (n=3). For hormone receptor-positive patients with PIK3CA mutations, hormonal treatment plus a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor was recommended as the treatment of choice. Patients in the hormone receptor-negative and no human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression group had significantly higher tumor mutational burden than patients in the hormone receptor-positive group. A BRCA2 reversion mutation was revealed by F1CDx in a patient with a deleterious germline BRCA2 mutation during poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor treatment.
Conclusion: Guidance on tailored precision therapy with consideration of genomic mutations was possible for some patients with information provided by F1CDx. Clinicians should consider using F1CDx at turning points in the course of the disease.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Motivational Enhancement Interventions to Increase Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Use in Sexual Minority Men Who Use Stimulants
Authors: Davis-Ewart Leah , Grov Christian , Verhagen Rachel , Manuel Jennifer , Viamonte Michael , Dilworth Samantha , Valentin Omar , Cherenack Emily M. , Carr Sidney , Doblecki-Lewis Susanne , Nahum-Shani Inbal , Carrico Adam W.
Published: April 2023

Background Although pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) could substantially mitigate HIV risk, sexual minority men (SMM) who use stimulants commonly experience difficulties with engaging in PrEP clinical services. Motivational interviewing (MI) and contingency management (CM) reduce substance use and condomless anal sex in this population, but these motivational enhancement interventions require adaptation to promote engagement along the PrEP care continuum.Methods PRISM is a pilot sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) testing the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of distinct combinations of telehealth MI and CM in 70 cisgender SMM who use stimulants that are not currently taking PrEP. A national sample was recruited via social networking applications to complete a baseline assessment and mail-in HIV testing. Those with non-reactive HIV results are randomized to receive either: 1) a 2-session MI intervention focusing on PrEP use (session 1) and concomitant stimulant use or condomless anal sex (session 2); or 2) a CM intervention with financial incentives for documented evidence of PrEP clinical evaluation by a medical provider ($50) and filling a PrEP prescription ($50). At the 3-month follow-up assessment, participants who report they have not filled a prescription for PrEP are randomized a second time to either: 1) Switch to a second-stage intervention (i.e., MI + CM or CM + MI); or 2) Continue with assessments only. Outcomes for both responders and non-responders are reassessed at a 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome is documented evidence of filling a PrEP prescription. Self-reported, secondary outcomes include PrEP clinical evaluation by a medical provider, stimulant use, and condomless anal sex. Qualitative exit interviews are conducted with a sub-group of responders and non-responders to characterize their experiences with the MI and CM interventions.Discussion Implementation of this pilot SMART underscores the challenges in reaching SMM who use stimulants to optimize HIV prevention efforts such that approximately one in ten (104/1,060) eligible participants enrolled. However, 85% (70/82) of enrolled participants with non-reactive HIV results were randomized. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of telehealth MI and CM for supporting PrEP use in SMM who use stimulants.Trial Registration: This protocol was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04205487) on December 19, 2019.
Inductor Based I-V Curve Tracer for Photovoltaic Panels
Authors: BOREKCİ S. , ACAR N. C.
Published: April 2023

The output power of a photovoltaic panel (PV) panel is depend on temperature and irradiance. Aging, partial shading and electrical load can also affect the operating current and voltage of a PV. The usage of I-V curves take important place in the designing and operating PV system. I-V curve tracers are used to determine the performance of PV panels at any environmental condition. In this study, a simple, effective, and rapid I-V curve tracer method is described for photovoltaic (PV) panels. The method is developed based on transient analyses of current and voltage of an inductor which is connected to the 175 W standalone PV panel as a load via a semiconductor switch. The I-V and P-V characteristics curves of the PV panel are obtained in few microseconds rapidly.
Exploring the distribution, trends, and causal associations of household economic burden in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown blues (2020-2021): A longitudinal national survey
Authors: Mahumud Rashidul Alam , Kundu Satyajit , Mosharaf Md Parvez , Kamara Joseph Kihika , Rahman Md. Ashfikur , Mohsin Mohd , Ali Mohammad Afshar , Sheikh Nurnabi , Mistry Sabuj Kanti , Alam Khorshed , Khan Jahangir AM
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic lockdown blues have triggered health emergencies and economic shocks around the globe. While the prolonged lockdown helped to reduce the spread of the disease it posed multifaceted economic downturns. This study investigated the household economic burden (HEB) denominated by the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Australia.MethodsWe used the data from the ‘ANU Poll 2020–2021 Longitudinal’ survey, which was undertaken among Australian adults and followed a prospective longitudinal quantitative design. The longitudinal effect was captured using a random-effects ordered logistic regression analysis, which predicted changes in the relationship between HEB and participant’s employment status, geographical distribution, and socio-economic status controlling for age, gender, education, and citizenship status.ResultsSix percent of the participants underwent an extreme level of HEB (6.08%, 95% confidence interval, CI: 5.74–6.44), whereas 13.29% (12.80–13.80) of participants experienced severe HEB, and 46% (45.12–46.60) faced the limited HEB. The magnitude of extreme level of HEB was pronounced among permanently sick/disabled (22.35%, 18.97–26.14) and unemployed (12.35%, 10.65–14.28) participants. Permanently sick/disabled (adjusted odds ratio, OR = 7.82; 5.69–10.75) and unemployed (OR = 4.53; 3.64–5.63) participants were significantly more likely to have high-level HEB, compared to participants in paid work. The odds of having a high-level HEB were significantly higher among participants who lived in New South Wales (OR = 3.03; 1.37–6.68) followed by Victoria (OR = 3.31; 1.50–7.31), Queensland (OR = 3.27; 1.50–7.31) and Western Australia (OR = 3.55; 1.53–8.26).ConclusionA substantial proportion of the Australian population experienced a high-level HEB due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown blues, which were more pronounced among the permanently sick/disabled individuals. This HEB might lead to a considerable burden on the Australian national economy. Therefore, policymakers should consider developing and improving sustainable economic recovery strategies to diminish the inequalities accentuated by the lockdown blues, especially among the marginalised strata.
Characterization of the oral microbiota and the relationship of the oral microbiota with the dental and periodontal status in children and adolescents with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Castellano Andrea Tatiana Bustos , Iñahuazo Mayra Alexandra Eras , Pardo Maria del Pilar Bernal , Castillo Angela Suarez , Arregoces Francina María Escobar
Published: April 2023

Objective To identify the characteristics of the oral microbiota and the relationship of the dental caries and periodontal status in patients aged 0 to 18 years with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP).Material and methods A systematic review of the literature was carried out. Five databases were consulted, including publications in English, Spanish and Portuguese. The evaluations of the quality of the observational studies and the experimental studies were carried out with the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and CONSORT guidelines, respectively. The risk of bias of the studies was determined using Rev Manager 5.4, and 5 publications were meta-analyzed.Results In cariogenic microbiota, Lactobacillus spp. and Streptococcus mutans were identified at high levels, and the related periodontopathogenic microorganisms were Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium spp., Campylobacter spp., and Fusobacterium nigrescens. The microorganisms found in pre- and postoperative interventions were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Streptococcus pyogenes, Moraxella catarrhalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Candida spp., with great heterogeneity in microbiological counts. The meta-analysis revealed that patients with CLP were 2.03 times more likely to have cavities than was the control group (p < 0.005).Conclusion In the microbiota, there was a great diversity of microorganisms that can vary according to the type of fissure and surgical interventions predisposing patients to a greater probability of dental caries.Clinical relevance To study the oral microbiota in CLP that facilitates the progression of dental caries and periodontal disease, take it into account in clinical decision-making and adopt preventive measures to reduce oral comorbidities.
Anterior column realignment via a minimally invasive hybrid approach in adult spinal deformity surgery: an analysis of radiographic and clinical outcomes
Authors: Feng Da Peng , Liu Ming Quan , Zhang Wei , Wang Jia Qi , Li Zheng Wei
Published: April 2023

Background：Osteotomy and Orthopedics is the leading way to treat adult spinal deformity (ASD), but there are many surgical complications. meanwhile, oblique lumbar interbody fusion(OLIF) and anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) have becoming an increasingly popular surgical method of spinal surgery. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility and safety of minimally invasive anterior column realignment(ACR) in the treatment of adult spinal deformities.
Methods:A total of 64 patients were included in the study. All patients received OLIF and/or ALIF and ACR, combined with Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation(PPSF). The surgical effect was evaluated by the operation time, bleeding volume, intervertebral space angle (IVA), lumbar lordosis (LL), the sagittal vertical axis (SVA), visual analog pain score (VAS), Japanese orthopedic association scores (JOA) and complications.
Results: All patients completed 173 fusion segments; For 155 segments of ACR surgery, the average sagittal correction angle of each ACR segment was 15.3 ° ± 5.8 °. The mean preoperative and postoperative lumbar lordosis were, respectively, -16.7 ° ± 6.4 °and -48.6 ° ± 10.7 ° (p<0.001). JOA, VAS and other scores were significantly improved compared with those before operation.
Conclusion: Anterior column realignment via a minimally invasive hybrid approach for adult spinal deformity can achieve good clinical outcome and deformity correction.
Global Error Bounds for Linear Semi-infinite System over Polyhedral Constraints
Authors: Li Xiao-Bing , Al-Homidan Suliman , Ansari Qamrul Hasan , Yao Jen-Chih
Published: April 2023

This paper studies the Lipschitz / Hölder type global error bound for a linear semi-infinite systemover a polyhedral constraint. It is shown that the linear semi-infinite system admits aLipschitz type global error bound,which extends many existing results assuming a Slater condition on the recession functionor the boundedness of the feasible solution set. The Lipschitz type global error bound is also established under the data in the linear semi-infinite systemvarying in a bounded polyhedral set. Moreover, we discuss the relationship among the Hölder type global error boundand several notions of Hölder-type metric regularity for the linear semi-infinite systemunder a certain asymptotic condition or a assumption on boundedness of the feasible solution set.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 49K40 · 90C29 · 90C31