bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Level of Medical Students Regarding Clinical Manifestasions of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Ichsanino Muhammad Reyhan
Published: August 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of brain development disorders characterized by stereotyped behaviour and deficits in communication and social interaction. Cases of autism in Indonesia increased as many as 6,900 cases per year. The increase in prevalence due to the excelent knowledge and awareness among medical students and the broad possible criteria for making a diagnosis. Therefore, this study aim to describe the knowledge level of Medical Students regarding the clinical manifestations of ASD. This quantitative study used descriptive desain with total sampling method. The target population of this study was all of Tanjungpura University Medical Students The sample population that has been selecteed for this study was active Tanjungpura University Medical Students Class of 2017 and 2018 then filtered using inclusion and exclusion criteria. As many as 178 participants filled out a questionnaire and analyzed using a statistical program with a descriptive statistical test. Knowledge was divided into 3 categories of levels, namely good (76-100%), fair (56-75%), and poor (≤55%). The results show the knowledge level about ASD clinical manifestasion of  the medical students was 77% good, 11% fair, and 12% poor.
Lack of Correlation between Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk Factors and Its Severity Degree
Authors: Darmawan Muhammad Arief , Heristyorini Ayodya , Ramadhani Isniani , Agustini Diana
Published: August 2024

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is a prevalent, severe, and costly orthopedic condition affecting individuals. The ACL prevalence is related to harder activity. This study aims to explore the correlation between age, Body Mass Index (BMI), and occupational history with the severity of ACL injuries at Gatot Soebroto Central Army Hospital. The analysis adopted a cross-sectional design and utilized the chi-square test, examining 121 medical records from 2 groups of patients that were civilians and National Armed Forces/TNI. There are 88.4% of 19 – 44 years; 50.4% with normal BMI, and 49.6% overweight/obese; 49.6% civilian and 50.4% TNI; 70.2% with total tear, and the rest was partial tear of participants. The data analysis indicated p-values of 0.633 for age, 0.953 for BMI, and 0.126 for occupational history concerning their association with the severity of ACL injuries. Additionally, all three variables showed Odds Ratio (OR) values greater than 1, with the OR for age being 1.608, for BMI being 1.024, and for employment history being 1.853. All of these findings suggested that there was no significant correlation between these variables and the severity of ACL injuries. Despite the lack of significant correlation, these risk factors may still increased susceptibility to severe ACL injuries.
Physician perspectives on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a comprehensive survey on usage and preferences
Authors: Gondane Ajitkumar , Pawar Dattatray
Published: August 2024

Background: Physician’s choices of NSAIDs are shaped by efficacy, safety, patient factors, and clinical context, impacting policies and patient outcomes. This survey aimed to explore NSAID use in acute painful conditions, focusing on healthcare professionals' preferences.
Methods: A descriptive, questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,028 physicians at APICON-2024.
Results: The survey found that 57.4% of respondents were consultants and 33.4% were general physicians. Most practiced independently (55.6%) or in hospitals (35.5% in government and 7.9% in corporate hospitals). Over 75% frequently prescribed NSAIDs, with diclofenac being the most common (54.8%). NSAIDs were typically prescribed for one week (72.6%) and used mainly for low back pain (77.5%), joint pain, migraine, and post-surgical pain. Safety concerns included gastrointestinal (72.4%), renal (59.3%), and hepatic issues. Over 68% viewed nimesulide as safer for the gastrointestinal and renal systems than other NSAIDs, though opinions varied. More than 90% of physicians also prescribed NSAIDs with paracetamol.
Conclusions: The survey offers insights into NSAID use among Indian physicians, with frequent use for pain management, especially for low back and joint pain. Diclofenac is the most prescribed, with a typical duration of one week. Safety concerns remain significant, particularly regarding nimesulide. The findings highlight diverse practices and ongoing safety considerations in NSAID use.
Antibacterial drug utilization study in patient of sepsis due to Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Vaidya Dhruti , Trivedi Niyati , Patel KuntalKumar H.
Published: August 2024

Background: Sepsis is the most common and highly fatal clinical syndrome due to infection. Gram-positive organisms as a cause of sepsis have increased in frequency over time more common than gram-negative infections. S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) is one of the most prevalent and difficult to treat infections associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Aim was to study antibacterial drug utility, sensitivity and resistance pattern of antibacterial drugs in S. aureus infective septic patient in medicine department.
Methods: A prospective observational study was done in medicine department of SSG hospital, Vadodara over a period of 9 months.
Results: Total 50 S. aureus were tested for their sensitivity and resistance pattern towards ten antibacterial agents in microbiology department by disc diffusion method. The antibiogram of S. aureus indicated widespread resistance antibacterial agent ranging from a minimum resistant to vancomycin (4%) to a maximum of 90% against penicillin G. Total 142 antibacterial agents were prescribed in 50 patients. Metronidazole, ceftriaxone and piptaz were the most frequently prescribed antibacterial agents with DDD/1000 patient days 2.44, 3.55 and 2.62 respectively. 30 out of 50 patients needed a change in antibacterial agents during their course of treatment either due to antibacterial agent failure or after culture sensitivity report. 60% of the patients were prescribed ≥3 antibacterial agents at any point of time during treatment. Mean DOT/LOT was 2.22±0.84.
Conclusions: There is a need of antibacterial agent usage guidelines and restriction policies for the rational prescribing of antibacterial agent in critically ill patients.
Emerging trends in precision medicine and its impact in pharmacy practice
Authors: Krishna Abhishek S. , Nair Harikrishnan V. , Dharan Shaiju S. , Nair Keerthi G. S.
Published: August 2024

Precision medicine is revolutionizing healthcare by tailoring treatments to an individual’s unique genetic makeup, life style, and environment. This abstract explores the latest trends in precision medicine and discusses how it impacts pharmacy practice, including the development of targeted therapies and the role of pharmacogenomics in optimizing drug selection and dosage. Exciting advancements in this field offer the potential for improved patient outcomes and more precise medication management.
Osteosynthesis, arthroplasty or resection of the radial head-which guarantees the best results in Mason III radial head fractures?
Authors: Pires Joao , Quintas Catarina , Mendes João , Fernandes Gonçalo , Modesto Gonçalo , Pinheiro Vítor , Inês Ana
Published: August 2024

Background: Fractures of the radial head are common, accounting for approximately one third of elbow fractures and 4% of all fractures. The most accepted classification is modified Mason, with type III being comminuted fractures, normally requiring surgery. There is currently no consensus on the most effective treatment method.
Methods: This study aims to compare the radiological and functional results of Mason III fractures, treated at our hospital between 2017 and 2022. During this period, 23 patients were surgically treated with osteosynthesis, arthroplasty or resection of the radial head. Inclusion criteria (isolated fractures of the radial head with follow-up of more than 6 months) and exclusion criteria (neurovascular, ligament injuries/ other associated fractures) were considered. Functional assessment was based on Broberg-Morrey elbow score; Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) and QuickDASH.
Results: The differences in functional results between the various treatments were not statistically significant (p>0.05), despite the best results being seen in the arthroplasty group.
Conclusions: In our series there was a 47.82% complication rate. Five patients developed heterotopic ossification. Which was significantly higher than expected in the arthroplasty treatment group, with a statistically significant difference; but there was no translation in functional terms, since this group achieved the best functional scores. The group of patients who underwent osteosynthesis were those with the worst functional scores and the most complications (3 cases of post-traumatic arthrosis, 3 nonunions and 1 aseptic necrosis). Our series is small, but the results are similar to previous studies.
Results of surgical management of unstable proximal humeral fractures by proximal humeral locking plate
Authors: Mondol Pankoj Kanti , Rahman M. Ziaur , Hasan M. Mehedi , Khan M. Sahidur Rahman , Sadi Sheikh M. Sheikh , Bhakta Ananta Kumar , Kabir M. Humayun , Ahmed Sabbir
Published: August 2024

Background: Unstable fractures of the proximal humerus present a significant surgical challenge despite the variety of treatment options available. One effective surgical method for managing these fractures is the use of a proximal humerus locking plate. This approach provides stability and support to the fracture site, facilitating proper healing and potentially improving patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of treatment of unstable proximal humeral fractures with proximal humeral locking plate.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2009 to December 2010. A total of 100 patients aged over 18 years were included in the study. Patients with open, pathological and ipsilateral distal fractures in the same limb were excluded from the study.
Results: The mean age of patients with unstable proximal humerus fractures was 41.53 years, ranging from 23 to 78 years. Most patients were male and primarily in business occupations. Fracture types included three-part fractures (53%), four-part fractures (7%), and fracture dislocations (40%). The mean time to plate fixation was 18 days, with a range of 2 to 78 days. High-velocity accidents caused 93% of injuries. Complications included avascular necrosis (7%), screw loosening (7%), and subacromial impingement (13%), with no reoperations needed.
Conclusions: The result of the study demonstrates that the proximal humeral locking plate provides sufficient fracture stabilization in the treatment of unstable proximal humeral fractures.
Patterns of traumatic long-bone fractures in North-Eastern Nigeria: a prospective multicenter study in 5 tertiary hospitals in Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Shaphat Shuaibu , Musa Abubakar , Timothy Emuan , Zailani Buhari , Stephen Yusuf , Nyako Friday Titus , David Ngwan , Dawam Dape Zuhumnan , Umar Ahmed Bamanga , Samu Kefas Makadi , Gilbert Nkiyam , Ojima Ugbeda Timothy , Usman Mustapha Ibrahim , Bababa Shirama Yakubu
Published: August 2024

Background: Traumatic musculoskeletal injuries have formed a significant burden on healthcare delivery worldwide. Long bone fractures are the most common musculoskeletal injuries encountered in this category and with the advent of insurgency in the northeastern part of Nigeria, there has been a rising incidence of assaults, gunshots, and other traumatic causes of long bone fractures.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of patients with traumatic long-bone fractures in north-east Nigeria presenting in the tertiary hospitals involved in the study during the 6months study period (September, 2023 to February 2024). information of all patients presenting with traumatic long bone fractures were collected; biodata, presenting complains and findings on examination including the Glasgow coma scores were collected and documented. Radiological findings and intervention given. All information were collected and documented using a structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 29.
Results: 227 patients were seen from the five major tertiary centers in north-eastern Nigeria that participated in the study. The 123 patients (54.2%) from Abubakar Tafawa Balewa university teaching hospital (ATBUTH)-Bauchi, 43 patients (18.9%) from Modibo university teaching hospital (MAUTH)-Yola, 32 patients (14.1%) were seen in Federal medical center (FMC)-Jalingo, 18 patients (7.9%) from federal teaching hospital (FTH)-Gombe and 11 patients (4.8%) from Maiduguri teaching hospital Maiduguri (UMTH)-Maiduguri. The 178 (79.1%) were males and 47(20.9%) females, making a male to female ratio of 4:1.
Conclusions: Long bone fracture causes a significant health care burden in north-East Nigeria with a high incidence of road traffic accidents, assaults and gunshots likely from the increasing effects of insurgency and kidnappings activities in this region.
Comparison of the effectiveness between external fixations and conservative treatment for distal radial comminuted fracture
Authors: Barman Shamol Chandra , Musa Mohammad , Rahman Mofizur , Monir Mohammad Moniruzzaman , Mamun Abdullah Al , Hannan Mohammad Abdul
Published: August 2024

Background: Comminuted distal radial fracture is a potentially unstable fracture. It can be managed by external fixation and closed reduction with immobilization by plaster casting. But external fixation has better outcome than plaster casting. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness between external fixations and conservative treatment for distal radial comminuted fracture.
Methods: This prospective interventional study was carried out in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from March, 2013 to September, 2015. 30 patients of distal radial comminuted fracture were selected. Total patients were divided into two groups. In Group A patients were treated by external fixation and in group B patients were treated by plaster cast.
Results: In this study, out of 30 patients, majority were male (60%). Mean age was 38.93(±10.45) years in group A and 40.66(±11.04) years in group B. Left side involvement was more 17 (56.7%) than right side 13 (43.3%). After 12 weeks, final follow up in group A 08 (53.3%) patients were recovered with excellent outcome. In group B 06 (40%) patients were recovered with excellent outcome. In group A, 14 (93.3%) patients were satisfactory outcome and in group B, 13 (86.7%) patients were satisfactory outcome.
Conclusions: External fixator decreases the complications of re-displacement and shortening for the treatment of comminuted distal radial fracture. It gives more satisfactory radiological, functional and clinical outcome as compared to cast immobilization.
Evaluation of the results of sub axial cervical spine injury with incomplete neurology treated by posterior lateral mass fixation with screws and rod and fusion by bone graft
Authors: Zia-Ur-Rahman M. , Bhakta Ananta Kumar , Mondol Pankoj Kanti , Khan M. Tanvir Ahasan Juglol , Sadi Sheikh M. Sheikh , Khan M. Sahidur Rahman , Biswas Bappy Kumer , Mahbub S. K. Golam
Published: August 2024

Background: The cervical spine is a highly mobile segment of the spinal column, liable to a variety of diseases and susceptible to trauma. Lateral mass screw fixation has become the method of choice in stabilizing subaxial cervical spine among other posterior cervical fixation techniques. This study aimed to assess the radiological efficacy of the cervical lateral mass screw insertion and rod fixation by Yoon's method.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, over a period of two years from July 2014 to June 2016. We included 100 patients who will be admitted with a diagnosis of unstable cervical spine injury during period of study.
Results: The mean age of the patients was (36.87±7.45) years. Majority of the patients were male (80%). Bearing load on the head was the most common (40%) cause. Most commonly involved level of injury was C5/C6 (30%) and type of injury was Fracture Subluxation (35%). Hemorrhage (15%) was the most common per operative complication followed by neck pain (12%), superficial infection (10%), screw pull out (10%), and post-operative khyphotic deformity (10%). Evaluation of final outcome revealed 67% and 33% patients had satisfactory & unsatisfactory results respectively.                                  
Conclusions: The lateral mass screw insertion and rod fixation is a safe and reliable technique with low rate of complication related to instruments. This method enhances neurological recovery, reduce pain and improve working status with early rehabilitation.
Functional outcome of autologus platelet rich plasma injection as treatment for patients with plantar fascitis
Authors: Akki Sandesh F. , Bhat Nandakishore , H. Akshay , N. Akshata
Published: August 2024

Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is the most common cause of pain that occurs in the heel, and approximately 11% to 15% of adults having foot symptoms require an expert care. Heel pain and tenderness are some of the common symptoms. Many conservatives methods are available, Platelet rich plasma is one of the safe and effective therapy in relieving symptoms. To describe the functional outcome of autologus platelet rich plasma as treatment for patients with plantar fasciitis. To describe any complications associated with the procedure.
Methods: It is a prospective observational study 45 patients with chronic Plantar fasciitis aged above 18 years were included in the study. All the patients had a minimum of 3 months of symptoms, were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent the same method of treatment. All patients had a baseline assessment of numerical pain score and were repeated at regular intervals post treatment. The PRP was prepared from venous whole blood.
Results: Pain score was assessed at the time of injection. The mean pain score of all the patients was 8.614. Percentage pain relief showed 48% had 100% pain relief, 33% had more than 50% pain relief and 6% had less than 50% pain relief from the study.
Conclusion: Autologous PRP injection is a safe and useful modality of treatment in the treatment of Plantar fasciitis. Maximum benefit after PRP injection was observed at 2 months and had sustained for at least 6 months.
Clinico-radiological outcomes of proximal humerus fractures using locking compression plates among adults in a tertiary care hospital: an observational study
Authors: V. S. V. Kumar , S. Velmurugan , Kumar Rajesh , A. S. Hemapriya
Published: August 2024

Background: Proximal humerus fractures represent 45% of humerus fractures and are the third most common fracture in the elderly due to trivial falls and weakened cancellous bone, and in the young population due to high-energy trauma. These fractures can be disabling and require surgical expertise for a good functional outcome. This study analyzes the clinico-radiological and functional outcomes of adult patients with proximal humerus fractures treated with locking compression plates.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on patients with proximal humerus fractures treated with locking compression plates from June 2022 to June 2023 at SIMS Hospital, Chennai. Functional outcomes were measured using the SPADI score and radiological union of fractures at follow-ups of 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks.
Results: In this study, 34 patients underwent ORIF with locking compression plates. All fractures healed completely without secondary procedures, nonunion, malunion, or implant failure. No postoperative complications were observed. The average time for radiological union was 14.5±2.4 weeks. The SPADI scores at 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks were 82, 63.26, 22.26, and 4.06, respectively, showing statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: ORIF with locking compression plates, combined with proper anatomical reduction and suture augmentation of the rotator cuff, yields early ROM return and good functional outcomes. This method achieves earlier radiological union compared to other methods, making it the preferred choice for proximal humerus fractures across all age groups.
Association of calcaneal spur in patients with plantar faciitis
Authors: Mishra Aakash , Mahajan Swapnil , Roshan Goyal  , Aditi Pareek  , Punit Gaurav
Published: August 2024

Background: A benign and self-limiting condition, degeneration at the root of the plantar fascia at the medial calcaneal tuberosity of the heel is the etiology of plantar fasciitis. Calcaneal spurs are tiny, fibro-cartilaginous triangular projections. These are found in the calcaneum and can be of varied sizes. However, the degree of coexistence of the two conditions has not been established and the evidence is quite low. Knowing these associations would provide valuable insights and aid in better management protocols.
Methods: The study included 131 patients who were diagnosed with plantar fasciitis and a control group of 131 cases (who underwent heel X-ray and assessments for some other reason). The history and physical examination were the main factors used to diagnose plantar fasciitis. To check for the existence of calcaneal spurs and other heel pathologies in both groups, X-rays were taken.
Results: All patients suffered from heel tenderness and stretch pain in the plantar fasciitis group. The 84 cases (64.12%) in the plantar fasciitis group and 25 cases (19.08%) in the control group were noted to have calcaneal spurs. The difference in the incidence of calcaneal spur was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean age was noted to be significantly higher in the subgroup of calcaneal spur cases, in the plantar fasciitis group (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The incidence of calcaneal spur was noted to be significantly higher with plantar fasciitis versus control group, indicating an association between the two conditions.
Comparative study of fully threaded and partially threaded cancellous cannulated screws versus partially threaded cancellous cannulated screws in femoral neck fractures in adults
Authors: Kelkar Rajeev , Rajput Deepak , Jadaun Shirish , Mahajan Pranav
Published: August 2024

Background: Femoral neck fractures constitute a significant portion of orthopaedic trauma, with intra-capsular fractures representing 50% of all hip fractures, their incidence is projected to rise dramatically due to the aging population. These fractures, particularly in the elderly, lead to high morbidity and mortality. Optimal surgical treatment for femoral neck fractures remains debated, especially in younger adults.
Methods: This hospital-based prospective comparative study was conducted over one year. Patients aged 18-60 years with femoral neck fractures were randomized into two groups: Group A were operated using combination of fully threaded and partially threaded cancellous cannulated screws and group B using partially threaded cancellous cannulated screws. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Harris hip score (HHS) and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and radiological union times were recorded. Complications such as non-union, screw back-out, and infection were also evaluated.
Results: The study included 30 patients, with 15 in each group. Group A showed significantly better HHS at 6 months (88.53±7.46) compared to group B (77.69±13.35) (p<0.05). VAS scores were lower in group A, indicating less pain, though the difference was not statistically significant. Radiological union time was shorter in group A (12.55±2.39 weeks) compared to group B (13.89±5.29 weeks) (p<0.05). Group A had fewer complications, with no cases of screw back-out compared to four in group B.
Conclusions: The combination of fully threaded and partially threaded cancellous cannulated screws when used appropriately offers better functional outcomes, faster radiological union, and fewer complications compared to partially threaded screws alone in femoral neck fractures in young adults.
Total knee arthroplasty stabilized with autologous bone graft for tibial bone defect correction
Authors: P. Junior Halley , TorreS Marcelo R. , Araujo Helder R. S. , Filho Ubiramar C. S. , Goulart Ricardo G. , Santos Murilo M. B. , Trindade Andrei M. V.
Published: August 2024

Evaluate the functional results obtained with total knee arthroplasty stabilized with autologous bone graft to correct axis deviation with tibial bone failure. A retrospective study with a convenience sample, consisting of fifteen patients operated between February 2015 and June 2019. Data were obtained through analysis of medical records: age, biological gender, affected side, pre- and postoperative radiographs, description of the surgical technique and The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire results preoperatively and 6 months after surgery. The average age of the patients was 67 years, majority male (53.3%) and varus deformity (80%). The mean time to release the load was 31 days and all patients were discharged two days after surgery, with no complaints of complications. In the preoperative period, pain and physical function had the highest scores in WOMAC questionnaire. After total knee arthroplasty, there was a significant improvement in the three dimensions of WOMAC, with a reduction of 78.6% in the total score. Total knee arthroplasty stabilized with autologous bone graft to correct axis deviation with tibial bone failure resulted in improvement of symptoms and physical function in most patients evaluated, reducing pain and functional disability due to gonarthrosis.
The untold story of a coughed-out screw: a case report
Authors: Srivastava Sushant , Chikhale Chaitanya , Faizan Mohammed
Published: August 2024

A 70 years old male, case of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (C3-C4, C4-C5) with complaints of difficulty in walking and weakness of upper and lower limbs for 6 months presented to the outdoor department. Patient had restricted and painful movements of cervical spine. Patient was evaluated and then operated for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with bone grafting at C3-C4, C4-C5. After first surgery the, Pre-op VAS Score improved from 8 to 2 and the Nurick Score improved from grade 4 pre op to grade 2 postop. Once the union of graft appeared adequate, we tried to convince the patient for early removal of prominent and prouting implant as the proximal screws were backing out but patient refused surgery. He finally presented with a coughed-out screw in his mouth in emergency. After removal of implant the surgical wound healed well and he did not complaint of any difficulty in deglutition. Loosening of implants after anterior cervical spine fusion surgeries adds to the morbidity to the procedure. Proper sized low-profile implants with good locking mechanism can reduce the complication rates. Adequate pre-operative planning is a must for successful outcome of cervical spine surgeries.
Subungual osteochondroma of great toe: a unique presentation
Authors: Sai Reddy L. , Mandal Tufan , Kumar Manoj
Published: August 2024

Osteochondroma is routinely encountered in daily practice. It is often considered as developmental aberration rather than a true neoplasm. It arises due to enchondral growth from cortex adjacent to metaphysis. Osteochondroma is usually encountered in femur, fibula and humerus in more than fifty percent of cases. It is rarely encountered in phalanges of toes and fingers. In very few cases this tumor affects small bones, localizing to the distal phalanx and producing deformity of the overlying nail. These cases are termed subungual osteochondromas and are altogether with subungual exostosis the most common bony lesions affecting the nail unit. Osteochondromas of the nail unit are often asymptomatic and present as firm nodules, nail deformity, tender on palpation. Many of these cases are associated with history of trauma. A 11-year-old male presented to us with an abnormal outgrowth of right great toe. The out growth was preceded by a history of trauma 10 days before the presentation. The swelling surface consisted of granulation tissue and bleeding spots were found on the surface. The swelling is fixed to the underlying bone and seems to have caused the destruction of nail plate. Biopsy revealed osteochondroma of the great toe with no malignant transformation and atypical cells.
Arthroscopic excision of giant cell tumour at femoral attachment of anterior cruciate ligament and simultaneous anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a case report
Authors: K. S. Shreekanth , Ganiger Manjunath H. , Didwaniya Shubham , M. Aravind
Published: August 2024

Giant cell tumors (GCT) are typically noncancerous bone tissue growths that have a slow growth rate, occurring more frequently in the age group of 15-40 years. They are mainly found in the distal femur, proximal tibia, and tendons of hand. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is gold standard for diagnosis. The preferred method of treatment is surgical excision performed under direct visualization. Here we present a rare case involving a GCT located in the distal femur at the attachment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) concomitant with a tear in the ACL. The patient presented with pain and instability of left knee while walking following trauma. MRI revealed a chronic partial tear of ACL and altered signal area in lateral condyle of femur at the attachment of ACL. CT guided biopsy showed osteoclastoma over postero-medial aspect of lateral condyle of left femur. Diagnostic arthroscopy showed lax and torn ACL. Soft mass with reddish pink appearance was noted. Arthroscopic excision was done under direct vision and ACL was reconstructed with Semi-tendinosis graft. A simultaneous minimally invasive approach to treating a GCT and ACL tear can offer significant benefits in terms of reduced recovery time, improved functional outcomes, and potentially lower recurrence rates.
Inter-American Development Bank Sovereign-Guaranteed Lending: Historical Default & Loss Rates
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: August 2024

This note summarizes the key IDB Sovereign-Guaranteed (SG) borrower defaults and loss rate statistics. The report shows how, since its incorporation, the performance of the Bank's SG loan portfolio has been outstanding, with no loss on principal, interest, or fees, only the financial losses resulting from foregone return on late interest payments during eight non-accrual events (with only five borrowing countries). The loss rates for resolved SG borrower non-accrual events do not include the ongoing episode with Venezuela. The publication supports G20 CAF Review expectations for greater transparency and disaggregated data disclosure from Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs). The supporting information used in this report has been contributed to the Global Emerging Markets Risk Database Consortium (GEMs), pooling data from 25 multilateral development banks (MDBs) and development finance institutions to help demystify perceived risks of investments in emerging markets and increase confidence among investors.
Seeing the Unseen
Authors: Banda Racheal
Published: August 2024

A hyper-standardized and alarmist educational climate in the U.S. propagates deficit discourses about students and creates a roadblock for teachers seeking to center their students’ lives through critical and multicultural pedagogies. Scholars have called for attention to mapping as a pedagogical tool to unearth and push back against sociospatial injustice. In line with this, I offer the tool of critical geospatial mapping and provide two examples of how its application allowed preservice and in-service teachers to see the previously unseen strengths and resiliencies of historically-marginalized and multicultural communities. This allowed them to critique and reframe deficit narratives.
Connecting Through Mapping
Authors: Borrero Noah , Yeh Christine J.
Published: August 2024

In this introduction to the special issue of IJME, we highlight the tensions and possibilities of maps and mapping as scholarly pursuits in critical, justice-oriented education. We discuss the potential for maps to portray deeply personal stories and perspectives of the world while also acknowledging their sometimes fixed and hierarchical attributes. Through this discussion, we show how maps can be potent forces of connection or separation. The authors in this special issue showcase the challenges and opportunities of mapping scholarship and reveal its promise to inspire connection and collective action towards theory-building, advocacy, and social transformation in education.
From Reading to Restoration
Authors: Blue Morris-Howe Laynah , Brock Cynthia Helen , Muir Welsh Kate , White Eagle Aldora
Published: August 2024

This transformative autoethnography focuses on the authors’ learning about diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) as a result of their participation in university diversity-related book clubs and subsequent extensive dialogue with one another. The paper features three implementation vignettes where the authors engage in critical self-reflection and self-critique as they (re)consider ways to improve their educational practice as it pertains to DEI. The paper ends with implications for educators to consider as they engage in critical self-reflection/self-critique around DEI in their work.
Re: Efficacy and Safety of Vildagliptin and Remogliflozin as Add-on Therapy to Metformin in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Raza Hunain , Bhutta Muhammad E , Siddique Muhammad H
Published: August 2024

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Strategi Komunitas Genkompak dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Public Speaking Generasi Muda
Authors: Haris Muhammad Haris , Laksana Bayu Indra , Adilah Ananda Refiona
Published: August 2024

Tujuan studi ini dapat memberikan wawasan yang berharga tentang strategi komunitas GenKompak meningkatkan keterampilan public speaking generasi muda serta kontribusinya terhadap perkembangan sosial dan personal branding generasi muda. Untuk menjelaskan itu semua pendekatan yang digunakan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mendeskrifsikan semua penomena yang terlihat dengan cara mengumpulkan data melalui observasi partisipasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dari studi yang dilakukan ditemukan bahwa terdapat tiga strategi yang dilakukan komunitas GenKompak meningkatkan public speaking generasi muda yaitu melalui program panggung bikin lancar ngomong, program berbagi cerita, studi banding dan kolaborasi, program GenKompak mengabdi. Sedangkan kontribusinya adalah dapat meningkatkan keterampilan komunikasi generasi muda, meningkatnya kepercayaan diri, menegembangkan kemampuan kepemipinan, mendorong generasi muda berpartisipasi dalam diskusi dan pemecahan masalah dan mempromosikan kesadaran publik tentang isu penting.
PEMBERDAYAAN LITERASI MEDIA BAGI PEMUDA DI KELURAHAN PURANGI KOTA PALOPO
Authors: Husain Wahyuni , Sapruddin Sapruddin , Astrid Fauziah , Rahman Saifur , Aenayah Alfatiha
Published: August 2024

Era digital tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan penggunaan media sosial secara massif. Seiring penggunaan media sosial, dampaknya pun banyak dirasakan, mulai dari dampak ekonomi, sosial, budaya dan juga dampak terhadap perilaku pengguna media itu sendiri. Untuk itu diperlukan pemahaman mengenai bagaimana menggunakan media secara bijak dan sesuai dengan etika. Hal ini penting dilakukan agar pemuda sebagai kaum yang paling banyak menggunakan media sosial dapat menggunakan media sosial untuk mereduksi dampak negative dari sosial media dan sebaliknya meningkatkan kualitas hidup dengan memanfaatkannya untuk hal-hal yang positif. Dalam kegiatan ini menggunakan metode Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) dengan melakukan kegiatan pemetaan sejauh mana pemahaman pengguna media dalam menerima informasi, dan bagaimana pemanfaatan media sosial untuk kebaikan sosial. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya perubahan perilaku pengguna sosial media khususnya pemuda di Kelurahan Purangi Kota Palopo dalam mengakses informasi dengan menerapkan prinsip “tabayyun” dengan menggunakan teknik verifikasi sumber, memahami dan mampu menganalisis informasi yang diterima, serta membuat konten yang bermanfaat dengan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip etika Islam.
Strategi Inovatif Home Industry Kasba Makmur dalam Pemberdayaan Perempuan Pekerja Pengupas Rajungan
Authors: Dini Alya Muflihatud
Published: August 2024

Keberadaan home industry pengupas rajungan bukan hanya tentang menciptakan peluang kerja bagi perempuan, juga memberikan wadah untuk mengembangkan keterampilan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami strategi yang diterapkan Home Industry Kasba Makmur dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi perempuan melalui pengupas rajungan, memfokuskan pada pekerja pengupasan rajungan ini menjadi sumber pemberdayaan bagi perempuan lokal, baik dari segi ekonomi maupun aspek lainnya yang terkait dengan kesejahteraan individu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara semi terstruktur kepada informan penelitian yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling, serta di dukung dokumentasi dan studi literatur yang relevan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif miles and huberman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa melalui strategi terencana, seperti fokus rekruitmen pada perempuan kawasan pesisir dari Desa Mlaten, pemberian pelatihan yang meningkatkan kapasitas, serta memberdayakan perempuan daerah pesisir melalui tahap penyadaran, pengkapasitasan, dan pendayaan. Home Industry Kasba Makmur bukan hanya menciptakan lapangan kerja bagi masyarakat lokal, juga memainkan peran kunci memajukan peran perempuan ekonomi lokal
Depersonalisasi dan Simbolisasi Agama dalam Ruang Dakwah Digital
Authors: Safitri Ririh Megah
Published: August 2024

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi menjadi salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap orientasi masyarakat di semua ranah kehidupan, termasuk agama. Media komunikasi menjadi alat bantu vital yang memungkinkan individu melakukan berbagai aktivitas melalui ruang digital (cyberspace). Cyberspace telah menjadi ruang interaksi sosial, budaya, ekonomi, politik dan keagamaan. Agama telah diperbincangkan, didiskusikan, diperdebatkan serta dikontestasikan di ruang maya melalui konsep cyberreligion. Cyberreligion merupakan bagian dari sub sistem cyberspace yang merepresentasikan literasi hingga praktik keagamaan melalui ruang virtual. Akseptansi mahasiswa dalam cyberreligion menjadi persoalan utama dalam kajian ini, karena terdapat perbedaan akseptansi yang disebabkan oleh perbedaan latar belakang sosio-kultural mahasiswa. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk menghimpun pengalaman dan pemaknaan mahasiswa terhadap cyberreligion. Terdapat tiga point temuan dalam kajian ini: (1) lahirnya kultur baru yang  berdasar pada eksistensi new media dalam kehidupan beragama; (2) Depersonalisasi agama ketika komunikasi keagamaan tidak lagi berdasar pada keberadaan tokoh agama; (3) Identitas dan latar belakang sosiokultural menjadi faktor yang berpengaruh dalam proses akseptansi atas berbagai konten keagamaan di media.
Kata Kunci : Agama, Media, Depersonalisasi
Asset Based Community Development dan Pesantren Liburan: Studi Pengembangan di Agrowisata Welutputih Pamulian Kabupaten Pemalang
Authors: Janaaniy Naafilah Hana , Rohmah Nahdliyatu , Anisah Nurul , Nuraini Ratna , Afad Mochammad Najmul , Basid Abdul
Published: August 2024

Pada artikel ini akan mengupas program utama yaitu pesantren liburan. Program kerja pesantren liburan tersebut disesuaikan dengan konsep Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) 56 UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan yang mengusung tema ABCD (Asset Based Community Development). Tema tersebut memiliki maksud dan tujuan agar kegiatan KKN yang dilaksanakan dapat disesuaikan dengan kondisi desa dengan cara menggali potensi-potensi yang ada yang kemudian potensi tersebut akan dikembangkan. Manfaat penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengembangan Agrowisata Welutputih Pamulian sebagai sarana belajar melalui program pesantren liburan. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan KKN di lokasi yaitu terdiri atas survei lapangan, perencanaan, dan pelaksanaan. Konsep tentang eduwisata dan ecowisata serta pemberdayaan masyarak menjadi pijakan penulis dalam membaca fenomena ini. Program kerja pesantren liburan ini dilakukan saat anak-anak tengah menjalankan masa liburan sekolah yang dilaksanakan di gubug AWP sebagai bentuk pengenalan agrowisata yang tengah dirintis oleh masyarakat setempat. Hal ini mendapat dukungan penuh dari masyarakat Dusun Pamulian. Kegiatan tersebut mampu memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat desa, khususnya dalam bidang pendidikan dan ekonomi serta kelestarian alam masyarakat Dusun Pamulian.
Structural-parametric Synthesis of Capsule Neural Networks
Authors: Sineglazov Victor , Kudriev Denys
Published: August 2024

This work is dedicated to the structural-parametric synthesis of capsule neural networks. A methodology for structural-parametric synthesis of capsule neural networks has been developed, which includes the following algorithms: determining the most influential parameters of the capsule neural network, a hybrid machine learning algorithm. Using the hybrid algorithm, the optimal structure and values of weight coefficients are determined. The hybrid algorithm consists of a genetic algorithm and a gradient algorithm (Adam). 150 topologies of capsule neural networks were evaluated, with an average evaluation time of one generation taking 10 hours. Chromosomes and weights are stored in the generation folder. The chromosome storage format is JSON, using the jsonpickle library for writing. Also, when forming a new generation, chromosome files from previous generations are used as a "cache". If a chromosome of the same structure exists, the accuracy is assigned immediately to avoid unnecessary training of neural networks. As a result of using the hybrid algorithm, the optimal topology and parameters of the capsule neural network for classification tasks have been found.
Summation Circuits of Automatic Control Systems
Authors: Ablesimov Aleksandr , Miroshnychenko Vladyslav , Chubatyuk Ilya
Published: August 2024

During the operation of the stabilization systems, the parameters of the control object and the regulator can change for various reasons within fairly wide limits. In such cases, they speak of the presence of parametric uncertainty. Note that the main indicator of the quality of the stabilization system is considered to be the accuracy of the stabilization of the control object. As theoretical studies show, the accuracy of stabilization systems directly depends on their rigidity and damping, because they directly affect the formation of the moment of stabilization and determine the effectiveness of the system's response to external disturbances. Changing stiffness and damping in order to ensure the necessary efficiency of stabilization systems is the basis of their operational adjustments. To change these parameters, there are summation circuits in the systems. Will the change in the summation circuit type affect the solution to the main task of the operational adjustment of the stabilization system? This article considers the possibilities of summation circuits to ensure the optimality of the settings of the stabilization system.
Latest Means of Communications Based on LTE and MIMO Technologies in 3G, 4G Networks: Application for Contemporary Biomedical Practice in Rural Ukraine
Authors: Shutko Vladimir , Fomenko Nazar , Klyuchko Olena , Kolganova Olena
Published: August 2024

The network organization of the systems of economic entities, which are distributed remotely over large territories, require the creation of high-quality communications for them. The purpose of present work was to demonstrate the possibility of using the latest means of communication based on Long-Term Evolution and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output technologies (LTE- and MIMO- technologies) in 3G and 4G networks to solve contemporary tasks of organizing of high-quality mobile communication in some places of the territory of Ukraine for the works that need biological and medical information in rarely settled, remote regions. The publication provides the author's data on the practical organization of communication in rural areas and considers the following issues. 1- Determination of spatial parameters of the LTE standard network. 2- Preparation of a map of the area. 3- Choosing an LTE network planning option. 4- Principles of construction and operation of LTE networks. 5- P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway) functions. 6- MME (Mobility Management Entity) functions. 7- Functions of PCRF. MME (Mobility Management Entity) functions. 8- Functions of PCRF. 9- Peculiarities of using upper and lower frequencies for LTE. 10- Application of MIMO technology in LTE. 11- Application of MIMO technology in 3G and 4G networks. The results of the performed works can be applied for the networked structures development for the use in domestic economy, agriculture, for the science branches like biology, nature protection, and for information systems for such branches. In the result of the work done the type of antenna, other equipment were suggested; they should be used to strengthen 3G and 4G Long-Term Evolution communication in such conditions, as well as suitable 4G antenna for modem or router. Obtained results are suitable for providing of the work of information systems in agriculture, ecological monitoring, other areas of activities, based on biological and medical information; they all need quick data exchange as well as for scientific centers, other settlements, for which such communication possibilities primarily were developed.
Adaptive Control of Manipulator Robots in a Dynamic Environment Using Neural Networks
Authors: Sineglazov Victor , Khotsyanovsky Volodymyr
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the study is to develop an approach to planning the trajectory of the manipulator robot using an intelligent system based on neural networks. For this purpose, the work considered the processes of planning and deploying the movement of the robot. The analysis of existing methods of planning the movement of manipulator robots and the review of intelligent control systems made it possible to obtain a complete picture of the current state of this issue. A system is proposed that can perceive the environment and control the movement of the robot by generating the correct control commands. For this, 3 tasks were solved, namely: analysis of the environment in order to determine its features, determination of the trajectory in order to neutralize the collision and determination of controlled influences for the executive authorities in order to implement the movement. The functionality and structure of the neural network for solving each of the tasks are proposed.