bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transfer of technology regarding correction of congenital talipesequinovarus by ponseti method of treatment to doctors working at peripheral hospitals of eastern region of Nepal covered by BPKIHS, Dharan.
Authors: Rijal R , Shrestha B P , Khanal G P , Chaudhary P , Maharjan R , Paneru S R , Rai P
Published: June 2017

Background: Ponseti method of manipulation and casting has been standard non operative method of treatment for idiopathic clubfoot. We have conducted this study to find out whether Ponseti method of correction can be taught to doctors working at district hospital.Objective: To assess the knowledge, familiarize the Ponseti method of correction and to decrease the need of surgery regarding the congenital talipesequinovarus.Method: We conducted prospective study among doctors working in the district hospitals of eastern Nepal. We assessed knowledge and practice regarding clubfoot management before and after the intervention by questionnaire based method. The data were analyzed using before and after difference for magnitude and paired t test for significance.Result: 13 doctors were included in the study. Among 13 participants, one (7.69%) had formal orthopedic training. Only 30% of the participants had more than 60% correct response regarding questionnaires regarding knowledge of clubfoot. 40% of participants had done referral of cases to orthopedic centre. One (7.69%) of the participants had applied Ponseti cast. 61% percent of the participants responded more than 60% correctly at the final follow up at one year.Conclusion: The study shows that the knowledge and practice regarding Clubfoot correction is inadequate and hence teaching of Ponseti method was useful in the district hospital.Health Renaissance 2015;13(2): 144-152
Fixation of greater tuberosity fracture in rare unstable bilateral glenohumeral joint dislocations with bilateral fractures of the greater tuberosities: A case report
Authors: Kalawar Rosan Prasad Shah , Shrestha BP , Khanal GP , Chaudhary P , Rijal R , Maharjan R , Paneru SR
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Unstable dislocations of the bilateral glenohumeral joint with fractures of both greater tuberosities are very rare.Case presentation: A 48-year-old gentleman sustained a bilateral anterior dislocation of his glenohumeral joint with fractures of the greater tuberosities on both sides after an episode of seizure. Attitude of both shoulders were abducted and externally rotated. Radiological examination revealed the dislocations of bilateral glenohumeral joint and also the fractures of the bilateral greater tuberosities. Closed reduction and shoulder derotation immobilizer was applied. The Reduction was unstable and needed fixation of both sides greater tuberosity with cannulated cancellous screws. The shoulders were immobilized for 3 weeks and subsequent rehabilitation yielded a good outcome. Results at 6 months follow-up were satisfactory with normal range of motion and no redislocations occurring. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of bilateral unstable glenohumeral joint dislocation associated with fractures of both greater tuberosities in a middle aged man which was unstable needing fixation of greater tuberosities fractures.Conclusion: Bilateral glenohumeral joint dislocations with bilateral fractures of the greater tuberosities may be unstable needing fixation of greater tuberosity fracture.Health Renaissance 2015;13(2): 173-177
Retinoblastoma: An overview of modern management
Authors: Dhami Abhinav , Bansal Aditya , Khetan Vikas
Published: June 2017

Retinoblastoma (RB) is an embryonic tumor originating from the retinal cells. RB is the most common intraocular cancer of childhood and accounts for 4% of all pediatric malignancies.
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in a pubertal paediatric Indian patient
Authors: Aggarwal Anand , Kaur Prempal , Chhabra Kanika , Singh Karamjit , Goyal Piyush
Published: June 2017

Background: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is characterised by raised intracranial pressure (ICP) with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition and absence of hydrocephalus or space occupying lesions. IIH is a rare disease in children. It can lead to visual impairment but prompt diagnosis and treatment in most of the cases will prevent potentially permanent visual loss. Objective: To report a rare case of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in a pubertal child, clinical features, and findings of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and visual field of this case. Case: An adolescent girl aged 14 years presented with headache and transient visual obscuration for two weeks. On examination, findings (fundus, visual field and MRI) were suggestive of Idiopathic intracranial hypertension. She did not have any classical predisposing risk factors. She recovered very well with acetazolamide and short term steroid therapy with no sequelae and clinical recurrence over a follow up of 12 months. Conclusion: This is a rare case of IIH in a child, which was confirmed on the MRI and visual field testing.
Writing in Tongues: Multilingual Poetry and Self-Translation in France from Dada to the Present
Authors: Robertson Eric
Published: June 2017

This essay considers the case of some modern and contemporary bilingual and multilingual poets who have used translation creatively in the context of French literature. Far from attempting to erase the traces of the source language to make it more acceptable to a readership in the target language, these poets – from Hugo Ball, Jean Arp and Henri Michaux to Ryoko Sekiguchi, Caroline Bergvall and Anne Tardos – accept and even welcome the ‘radical artifice’ of their poetry and embrace the inherent foreignness of the word, even in the mother tongue. In myriad ways, their work explores language as a place of difference rather than equivalence, and as a site of slippage in which words are forever susceptible to bordering on other words and other languages, real or invented.
Design and Fabrication of Bilayer Hydrogel System with Self-Healing and Detachment Properties Achieved by Near-Infrared Irradiation
Authors: Zhao Qian , Hou Wenhua , Liang Yunhong , Zhang Zhihui , Ren Luquan
Published: June 2017

A novel kind of graphene oxide (GO)-containing bilayer hydrogel system with excellent self-healing and detachment properties stimulated by near-infrared irradiation is successively fabricated via a two-step in situ free radical polymerization. In addition to high mechanical strength, as components of a bilayer hydrogel system, a poly N,N-dimethylacrylamide (PDMAA) layer with 3 mg/mL GO and a poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAm) layer with 3 mg/mL GO exhibits firm interface bonding. GO in a PDMAA layer transforms under a near-infrared laser into heat, which promotes mutual diffusion of hydrogen bonds and realizes a self-healing property. The irradiation of near infrared laser results in the temperature of PNIPAm layer being higher than the volume phase transition temperature, reducing the corresponding biological viscidity and achieving detachment property. The increase of GO content enhances the self-healing degree and detachment rate. The bilayer hydrogel system fabricated via mold design combines characteristics of PDMAA layer and PNIPAm layer, which can be treated as materials for medical dressings, soft actuators, and robots.
Evaluation of GHG Mitigation Measures in Rice Cropping and Effects of Farmer’s Characteristics: Evidence from Hubei, China
Authors: Tong Qingmeng , Zhang Lu , Zhang Junbiao
Published: June 2017

Greenhouse Gas emissions from agricultural activities, such as rice cropping, have been proven to be an important cause of climate change, with constant barriers and constraints in the implementation and promotion of mitigation measures among farmers in China. However, there has been a lack of research focusing on specific mitigation measures and their characteristics. In this paper, we applied the expert assessment and best-worst scaling method to evaluate mitigation measures in rice cropping from the perspectives of effectiveness and applicability. The results showed that no mitigation measure in rice cropping was best from both an effectiveness and applicability viewpoint. However, the study found that “reducing the use of chemical fertilizers” was the most effective one, while “applying soil testing and formulated fertilization” was the most applicable one. Additionally, the older farmers spending more time on non-agricultural jobs and farming more plots of land were more likely to believe that mitigation measures related to the management of input elements would be more applicable compared to soil and water management or some types of new science and technology. Finally, we suggested that the agricultural extension agencies should popularize input elements management such as improvement of fertilizer or seeds among older farmers, and meanwhile promote soil cultivation management and new technologies for agriculture in areas where the land is more concentrated such as plains.
The Design of a Site-Calibrated Parker–Klingeman Gravel Transport Model
Authors: Bakke Paul , Sklar Leonard , Dawdy David , Wang Wen
Published: June 2017

The use of site-calibrated models for predicting bedload transport in gravel-bed rivers remains relatively rare, despite advances in methodology and computing technology, and its notable advantages in terms of predictive accuracy. This article presents a new algorithm for site calibration of the Parker–Klingeman (1982) model, along with a detailed discussion of considerations that influence model selection and calibration methodology. New visualization techniques are explored to demystify the calibration process, using three examples with progressively more challenging calibration conditions. The new method is particularly well suited to streams with high sediment loads, or cases where extrapolation of transport function estimates is necessary.
Distributed Parameter Systems Control and Its Applications to Financial Engineering
Authors: Rigatos Gerasimos , Siano Pierluigi
Published: June 2017

The chapter analyzes differential flatness theory for the control of single asset and multi-asset option price dynamics, described by PDE models. Through these control methods, stabilization of distributed parameter (PDE modelled) financial systems is achieved and convergence to specific financial performance indexes is made possible. The main financial model used in the chapter is the Black-Scholes PDE. By applying semi-discretization and a finite differences scheme the single-asset (equivalently multi-asset) Black-Scholes PDE is transformed into a state-space model consisting of ordinary nonlinear differential equations. For this set of differential equations it is shown that differential flatness properties hold. This enables to solve the associated control problem and to stabilize the options' dynamics. By showing the feasibility of control of the single-asset (equivalently multi-asset) Black-Scholes PDE it is proven that through selected purchases and sales during the trading procedure, the price of options can be made to converge and stabilize at specific reference values.
Impact of Business Groups on Payout Policy in India
Authors: Bose Ahana
Published: June 2017

Business groups have developed in many emerging economies (e.g., Brazil, Chile, China, India, Indonesia, South Korea, Mexico, Pakistan, Thailand, etc.) to fill in the “institutional voids” present in them. As nearly 60 per cent of the total assets in the Indian private corporate sector are owned by business groups, they strongly influence the manner in which firms function in India. Thus the nature of ownership of a firm, (whether it is a business group or not) play a critical role in determining its payout policy in India. After the financial crisis of 2008-09, firms in Indian corporate sector are hoarding large amount of cash. Dividend payments and share buybacks are manifestations of what a firm does with the extra cash in hand. Till date, there has been limited research to understand the payout policies of business groups in India. The article attempts to address the aforementioned research gap. It tries to address the question of how the excess cash in hand of managers of conglomerates gets transferred to shareholders through payouts.
Hybrid Computational Intelligence and the Basic Concepts and Recent Advances
Authors: Dounias Georgios
Published: June 2017

In this paper computational intelligence and its major methodologies are introduced in the first place, and then hybrid intelligent systems are defined and the most popular hybrid intelligent approaches are discussed. The increased popularity of hybrid intelligent systems during the last decade, is the result of the extensive success of these systems in a wide range of real-world complex problems, but also has to do with the increased capabilities of computational technology. One of the reasons for this success has to do with the synergy derived by the computational intelligent components, such as machine learning, fuzzy logic, neural networks, genetic algorithms, or other intelligent algorithms and techniques. Each of the partial methodologies provides hybrid systems with complementary reasoning and searching methods that allow the use of domain knowledge and empirical data to solve complex problems. The paper includes recent advances and new findings in the area of hybrid computational intelligence.
Apps as Assistive Technology
Authors: Bouck Emily C. , Flanagan Sara M. , Cosby Missy D.
Published: June 2017

Apps can serve as assistive technology to support students with disabilities. Yet, there is little support for educators in determining the most effective and efficient apps to support students with disabilities. The objectives of this article include: (a) examining how apps can serve as assistive technology for students with disabilities, (b) discussing the importance of educators not being arbitrary in their decision to select and implement apps to serve as assistive technology, such as relying on reviews, ratings, app lists, app databases, or the inclusion on a categorization on iTunes or Google Play; and (c) presenting options for educators evaluating apps, which can assist educators in making more informed decisions for apps as assistive technology. Although some app evaluation rubrics exist specifically for students with disabilities, there is little research as to the impact of the rubrics on educators' selecting apps or the impact on student learning.
RNA Interference Therapeutics and Human Diseases
Authors: Sharma Dolly , Singh Shailendra , Chand Trilok
Published: June 2017

Defective protein synthesis leads to diseases. If protein synthesis can be controlled, disease causing molecules can be tailored in some way. This is the perception behind RNA interference. RNA interference (RNAi) Therapeutics is branch of medicine which deals with the treatment of diseases while controlling the gene expression at RNA level. The motive of this chapter is to discover the state- of-art of RNAi Therapeutics, to explore various techniques used by RNAi Therapeutics to fight from diseases and discuss the future prospects of it.
The Principle and Process of Digital Fabrication of Biomedical Objects
Authors: Choi S. H. , Cheung H. H. , Zhu W. K.
Published: June 2017

Biomedical objects are used as prostheses to repair damaged bone structures and missing body parts, as well as to study complex human organs and plan surgical procedures. They are, however, not economical to make by traditional manufacturing processes. Researchers have therefore explored the multi-material layered manufacturing (MMLM) technology to fabricate biomedical objects from CAD models. Yet, current MMLM systems remain experimental with limited practicality; they are slow, expensive, and can only handle small, simple objects. To address these limitations, this chapter presents the multi-material virtual prototyping (MMVP) technology for digital fabrication of complex biomedical objects cost-effectively. MMVP integrates MMLM with virtual reality to fabricate biomedical objects for stereoscopic visualisation and analyses to serve biomedical engineering purposes. This chapter describes the principle of MMVP and the processes of digital fabrication of biomedical objects. Case studies are presented to demonstrate these processes and their applications in biomedical engineering.
Scanning for Blind Spots
Authors: Holland Barbara Jane
Published: June 2017

The environmental scan provides a systematic overview of the external factors that are important to the organization (or sector) and indicates whether the organization can influence them or not.Scanning promotes an active response to positive (opportunities) and compliant factors, and leads to insights how to live with the‘hard facts'. The more organization utilize a systemic approach the more likely they will avoid blind spots during a scan. Managers have instinctive attitudes and assumptions about the external environment. They pay attention to what is most immediate. They may have blind spots that ignore or overlook certain market trends. environmental scanning and analysis aims to gather evidence and reduce uncertainty. This paper examines environmental scanning blind spots, analysis and emerging trends.
Cloud Computing
Authors: Correia Eduardo
Published: June 2017

Cloud computing makes use of many standard technologies in surprisingly novel ways. It leaves many people bewildered, even confused, especially as it is an area of computing that is undergoing rapid change in terms of a diversification of available services and the growth in underlying contingent technologies. This article shows how the cloud has changed the user experience and goes on to discuss the definition of cloud computing most commonly used. It describes the three service models of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS) and then discusses the four deployment models of private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud and community cloud. It concludes with how the cloud impacts security and how most organizations will likely make use of multiple cloud providers. This article introduces key concepts and characteristics of cloud computing, in this way covering in broad terms what it is and how it essentially works.
Understanding Business Models on the Cloud
Authors: Najmaei Arash
Published: June 2017

The relationship between business models and cloud-based systems has not been explicitly discussed in the literature. In this paper I posit that the intersection between business models and cloud computing creates two distinctive technological paradigms: cloud computing as a business model which can be seen as the development of cloud computing driven business models' (hereafter CCBM) and cloud computing-enhanced or enabled business models which can be broadly thought of as improved business modelling with the help of cloud computing (hereafter BMCC). The former refers to a technological model or system that commercializes value solely created by cloud-based systems in public and private sectors whereas the latter refers to various ways that cloud-based systems are integrated into existing business models to enhance, improve or enable creation and commercialization of new value. An explicit acknowledgement of these two trajectories and their underling architecture are remarkably absent in the literature. This chapter addresses this deficiency.
Development of Image Engineering in the Last 20 Years
Authors: Zhang Yu-Jin
Published: June 2017

This chapter provides a summary of a bibliography series on image engineering (IE) for twenty years. This bibliography series has already contains more than 12000 publications selected from more than 50000 publications in IE related journals. Twenty years ago, a bibliography series on IE have been started. With a set of carefully selected journals and a thoroughly reading on the papers published, several hundreds of papers related to IE have been chosen each year for further classification and statistical analysis. This work has been made already for consecutive 20 years. This chapter will present an overview of this survey series by showing the ideas behind and consideration on this work, as well as the comprehensive statistics obtained from this work. Some insights from it are also discussed.
Internet-Facilitated Child Sexual Exploitation Crimes
Authors: Durkin Keith F. , DeLong Ronald L.
Published: June 2017

Internet crimes against children are a problematic yet often misunderstood phenomenon. Prominent examples of these offenses include child pornography crimes, adults soliciting minors online, and the commercialized sexual exploitation of minors (e.g., human trafficking). Drawing upon recent research, the characteristics of offenses, offenders, and victims are examined. A multitude of issues related to the psychological assessment, classification, and treatment of the individuals who commit these offenses are also explored. Strategies for the prevention of this behavior and protection of minors online are discussed.
Educational Ontology Development
Authors: Kaya Galip , Altun Arif
Published: June 2017

Ontology use in education environments can be explained in three groups: content access and/or retrieval, content creation, and personalization. Use of ontologies helps content creators to design, develop online courses; provide smart searches and content suggestions; and, design personalized learning environments for learners. But it is not always possible for educators to find the best ontology for their needs in their Learning Management System. Since the ontology creation is a complex process, it might not be always easy or even possible to create an ontology for a selected domain and use accordingly. In this paper, first, a review of state-of-the art literature regarding the ontologies in educational domain will be reviewed. Second, the challenges and difficulties in ontology development process for educational domain will be addressed and explained in detail. Finally, design suggestions to the difficulties expressed in the literature and further opportunities in ontology design and development will be presented taking the existing ontology evaluation frameworks into account.
Cyber Bullying
Authors: Oravec Jo Ann
Published: June 2017

“Cyberbullying” comprises a wide spectrum of behaviors that have negative and often devastating impacts upon their targets (or “victims”). This article is intended to analyze research trends on cyberbullying as well as related concerns involving online harassment, online reputational damage, and cyberstalking. Its focuses are as follows: (1) analyze the conceptual work and research that have emerged on the technological and social aspects of the issues, with an emphasis on social media scenarios; (2) present insights as to how cyberbullying and reputational damage can best be mitigated, given current mental health insights and technological know-how; and (3) discuss why cyberbullying is of continuing importance to business, government, non-profit, and educational audiences. The article includes reflections about the moral and personal dimensions of cyberbullying. Cyberbullies can often combine anonymous interactions with personally-identifiable ones to make it appear that more than one individual is participating, potentially intensifying the negative social impacts involved.
The Nature, Extent, Causes, and Consequences of Cyberbullying
Authors: Wright Michelle F.
Published: June 2017

Raised in a digitally connected world, children and adolescents do not remember a time in which new media and technology were not such integral parts or their lives. There are many opportunities afforded by new media and technology, such as the ability to communicate efficiently with just about anyone and having access to an assortment of information at their fingertips. There is a darker side to children's and adolescents' immersion in the digitally connected world. One such consequence is cyberbullying, which has increased over the years, due to children's and adolescents' increasing usage of new media and technology. Further attention has been given to cyberbullying because of high profile cases of victims committing suicide as a consequence of being targeted by these behaviors. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the nature, extent, causes, and consequences of cyberbullying as well as cultural differences in these behaviors and theoretical underpinnings. Concluding this chapter is recommendations for future research and public policy.
Data-Centric Benchmarking
Authors: Darmont Jérôme
Published: June 2017

In data management, both system designers and users casually resort to performance evaluation. Performance evaluation by experimentation on a real system is generally referred to as benchmarking. The aim of this chapter is to present an overview of the major past and present state-of-the-art data-centric benchmarks. This review includes the TPC standard benchmarks, but also alternative or more specialized benchmarks. Surveyed benchmarks are categorized into three families: transaction benchmarks aimed at On-Line Transaction Processing (OLTP), decision-support benchmarks aimed at On-Line Analysis Processing (OLAP) and big data benchmarks. Issues, tradeoffs and future trends in data-centric benchmarking are also discussed.
Order Statistics and Applications
Authors: Chen E. Jack
Published: June 2017

Order statistics refer to the collection of sample observations sorted in ascending order and are among the most fundamental tools in non-parametric statistics and inference. Statistical inference established based on order statistics assumes nothing stronger than continuity of the cumulative distribution function of the population and is simple and broadly applicable. We discuss how order statistics are applied in statistical analysis, e.g., tests of independence, tests of goodness of fit, hypothesis tests of equivalence of means, ranking and selection, and quantile estimation. These order-statistics techniques are key components of many studies.
Use of Data Analytics for Program Impact Evaluation and Enhancement of Faculty/Staff Development
Authors: King Samuel Olugbenga
Published: June 2017

This chapter focuses on the use of data analytics to satisfy the accountability demands (summative evaluation) of higher education, while contributing to faculty and staff development in the process (formative evaluation). By situating the data analytics process within a strategic questioning framework, the inquiry has focused on the evaluation of the impact of the programs and services provided by an academic development Center at a large research university in the United States. The analytics data, primary findings, have been critiqued and incorporated to enhance further staff and professional development at the Center. The findings have also been benchmarked with relevant analytics data from other academic development centers in Europe and Australasia to provide comparative performance measures. The key contribution of the use of data analytics to academic development is its potential to catalyze a data-driven culture that would adequately respond to the 21st century accountability ethos of higher education with systematic, valid and useful impact/performance measures.
Data Mining and the KDD Process
Authors: Funes Ana , Dasso Aristides
Published: June 2017

Nowadays, there exists an increasing number of applications where analysis and discovery of new patterns have fueled the research and development of new methods, all related to Machine Learning, Knowledge Extraction, Knowledge Discovery in Databases or KDD, and Data Mining. The development of Data Mining and other related disciplines has benefited from the existence of large volumes of data proceeding from the most diverse sources and domains. KDD process and methods of Data Mining allows for the discovery of knowledge in data that is hidden to humans, presenting this knowledge under different ways. In this chapter, an overview of the KDD process with special focus in the phase of Data Mining is given. A discussion on Data Mining tasks and methods, a possible classification of them, the relation of Data Mining to other disciplines, and an overview of future challenges in the field are also given.
Query Languages for Graph Databases
Authors: Rabuzin Kornelije
Published: June 2017

In the past few years many NoSQL databases have emerged, including graph databases. NoSQL databases have certain advantages and they can be used in certain domains as an alternative to relational databases. In order to use graph databases, one needs to be familiar with specific languages like Cypher Query Language (CQL) or Gremlin. However, some statements in CQL can be considered too complex for end users as it is shown later on. Because of that the main idea of this paper is to explore two other languages for graph databases. One of them is new and it is used to pose queries visually. Since CQL does not support recursion, views, etc., the other language is used to show how to use recursion and views on a graph database.
Schema Versioning in Conventional and Emerging Databases
Authors: Brahmia Zouhaier , Grandi Fabio , Oliboni Barbara , Bouaziz Rafik
Published: June 2017

In information systems, not only do data change over time, but also database schemata evolve frequently as a response to evolving application requirements. In the literature, schema evolution and schema versioning are the two techniques that were proposed to support schema changes in a DBMS, without loss of extant data and with continued support of legacy applications. After applying schema changes, schema evolution keeps only the current schema version and retains the data which are adapted to such a schema. On the other hand, each time schema changes are applied, schema versioning creates a new schema version, while preserving old schema versions and their corresponding data. With schema versioning, data access through any schema version is supported, which avoids applications developed with past schemata to become obsolete. The main goal of this chapter is to present the recent research proposals that deal with schema versioning and to discuss the recent advances on schema versioning support in mainstream DBMSs.
Cost-Effective 3D Stereo Visualization for Creative Learning
Authors: Kamath R. S. , Kamat R. K.
Published: June 2017

Using a pedagogic case study of development of three dimensional (3D) stereo visualization suite, in this chapter, the authors exemplify the emerging paradigm shift of educational technology progressively from simulation to virtual reality (VR). We present in this chapter transformation of higher education archetype using VR which is poised to create a whole new meaning for the young learners. It mainly personifies the computer generated three-dimensional environments that put forward the viewer an intense feeling of being immersed in an artificial world. We clearly demonstrate exploiting a 3D stereo visualization system in learning environment for bringing in an experiential learning experience of real industrial scenario in the classroom itself. We present the design and development of 3D visualization tool that embodies complex datasets in virtual environment. Thus the present chapter epitomizes as regards to the significance of VR in edification that impacts creative learning without using real tools on a less sophisticated technological platform.
Liberating Educational Technology Through the Socratic Method
Authors: Giuseffi Frank G.
Published: June 2017

Technology is now an essential component of classroom instruction. Instructors have come to terms with the realization that their students are “digital natives” who acquire information through an array of technologies. The knowledge that is attained through technology induces schools to develop what has been called One to One programs. These programs offer both instructors and students opportunities to understand material in meaningful ways. However, without training, laptops merely become add-ons to traditional lesson plans. In order to raise the level of student participation and teacher expertise, this chapter puts forward the idea that the Socratic method can be the pedagogical bridge between traditional lesson plans and technological platforms. In elucidating this idea, this chapter offers background on the general experience of schools that adopted One to One programs. The chapter then offers a brief account of the Socratic method. Lastly, there will be discussion on the relationship between the Socratic method and educational technology.
On-Line Credit and Debit Card Processing and Fraud Prevention for E-Business
Authors: Williams James G.
Published: June 2017

As the number of purchases over the Internet has increased and the method of payment is a credit or debit card, e-commerce merchants must be able to accept on-line payment using the card data. Cyber-criminals have found ways to capture the information on credit and debit cards and use this information to make purchases and remove money from bank accounts which costs merchants lost revenue and chargebacks fees and cost consumers and banks lost funds.. The process by which credit and debit card payments are processed beginning with the e-commerce merchant's web site to a card processor or service gateway to the credit or debit card company's network to the issuing bank's network with an accept or decline response being returned to the merchant's shopping cart system via the same networks is discussed. The issue of credit and debit card fraud in terms of how cyber-criminals function and the solutions used to deter these attempts by the cyber-criminals is covered. The security standards and a list of preventive measures that should be used by e-commerce merchants are discussed.
Factors Determining E-Shopping Compliance by Nigerians
Authors: Ibrahim Adamkolo Mohammed Mohammed , Hassan Md. Salleh Hj. , Yusuf Sarina
Published: June 2017

This chapter investigated factors that affect e-shopping acceptance among Nigerians. The extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model was adopted with some adjustments. Since the study focused on investigating technology adoption in cognitive perceptions and service quality contexts, a review of relevant literature suggested incorporating three key constructs from the Service Quality (SERVQUAL) model, namely reliability, empathy and responsiveness into the conceptual model of this study. A pre-tested and validated 40-item questionnaire was administered to 380 university undergraduate students in Nigeria. The reliability coefficient of the items ranged between .755 and .876. The chapter concludes cognitive perceptions of the use of technology to purchase products or services online and service quality perceptions critically influence e-shopping acceptance among Nigerians.
Improving Competencies for the Courier Service Industry in Malaysia
Authors: Hui Hoo Yee , Fernando Yudi
Published: June 2017

The aim of this chapter is to explore the literature on improving competencies for the courier service industry in Malaysia. The use of internet and advancement in technologies enable e-commerce to quickly emerge in courier service industry, linking enterprises, associations, governments and individuals together. The usage of internet has changed the industry strategy in conducting business. It is crucial for a business to reassess their competencies to operate in a competitive global working environment which is highly volatile and rapidly change. Subsequently, the supply chain is facing a paradigm change in the e-business environment. A company supply chain in an e-business environment can be very complicated typically in Asia Market due to Asia Market is made up of many countries which is vary in culture, religion, political system, legal systems, language and stage of economic development.
Leveraging the Arduino Platform to Develop Information Technology Devices
Authors: Recupero Diego Reforgiato , Artizzu Valentino , Cella Francesca , Cotza Alessandro , Curcio Davide , Iengo Giorgio Amedeo , Macis Riccardo , Marras Andrea , Picci Simone , Planu Michael , Scasseddu Riccardo
Published: June 2017

Arduino is a famous board, which incorporates serial communication interfaces, including universal serial bus (USB), and an integrated development environment (IDE) based on Processing, a programming language that supports C and C++. It consists of a microcontroller with several other components that provide easy interconnections with other devices. Arduino and its components have been studied during the class of Computer Architecture for the degree in Computer Science at the University of Cagliari in 2016. At the end of the class, seven groups of students have been selected and chosen to carry out a device prototype on top of Arduino and show their methodology, the sensors they embedded on top, how data could be extracted, collected, stored in database for further processing and analytics. The development has been performed following the open source best practices, documentation and codes of these projects have been made online for free downloading and sharing in order to further contribute to the advancement and widespread usage of the Arduino platform.
Computing Technologies and Science Fiction Cinema
Authors: Carrasco-Carrasco Rocío
Published: June 2017

The present paper privileges the body as being key to understanding our intricate relationship with the latest advances in computing and robotics in contemporary societies. In doing so, it critically entrenches with a specific movement called “new materialism”, whereby matter is not perceived as fixed or passive but rather as a dynamic and shifting process. Specifically, the author stresses the importance of approaching popular representations of the so-called “body in transit”, as this shifting idea of corporeality reflects contemporary anxieties and interests fueled by the relationship between physical bodies, computing technologies and gender representation. For this purpose, this work will focus on the notion of the fluid body or “body in transit” as represented in US popular Sci-Fi cinema to contend that this posthuman figuration is still informed by gendered practices and dominant structures of power, despite its hybrid nature.
Gender Differences in Advertising Engagement Using the Case of Facebooks Ads
Authors: Lahuerta-Otero Eva , Cordero-Gutiérrez Rebeca
Published: June 2017

In recent years, social media have transformed the worldwide web into a participatory community where both users and companies co-create, share and modify content. The importance and the attention that social media has gained is widely studied among the scientific community as their growth seems unstoppable. The raise of online advertising has made companies to design new marketing plans to adapt both their strategic and tactic operations to meet multichannel customers' needs. Since Social media marketing is a core part of any firms' marketing strategy, companies and organizations are starting to use Facebook Ads as a marketing tool. In spite of the extensive statistics the software provides, little research is done on the effectiveness of social marketing campaigns according to gender. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to try to aim this gap by analyzing several Facebook campaigns in the education sector to discover which gender group reacts best to advertising.
How Exclusive Work Climates Create Barriers for Women in IS&T
Authors: Reynoldson Katelyn R. , Major Debra A.
Published: June 2017

Exclusive climates are associated with negative outcomes such as feelings of anxiety. Furthermore, barriers may arise for women when they experience exclusive climates in the IS&T workplace. This chapter examines several barriers women may encounter, including stereotypes, stereotype threat, the motherhood penalty, work-family conflict, and mentoring. As women are underrepresented in IS&T, recommendations for future research include building more inclusive climates in IS&T workplaces for women and mitigating the obstacles women may face while working in the field.
Application of Geospatial Mashups in Web GIS for Tourism Development
Authors: Chaudhuri Somnath , Ray Nilanjan
Published: June 2017

This paper examines current development in Web GIS with the implementation of Geospatial Mashup technologies, such as Google Map in the context of map Mashups, and presents a classification of map Mashups and their application in tourism management and promotion. On the Web GIS context, Mashup is the process of merging multiple sources of data, both spatial and non-spatial, into a single integrated spatial display. It is about extracting spatial data from a non-spatial source and combining with other spatial data and finally displaying it on a map. This paper demonstrates that Geospatial Mashup has great potential to facilitate and widen the rapid development of the future web mapping technology in Web GIS in tourism development. It also highlights on the basic architecture and working principles of Map Mashups in context to tourism management. The final section of this research paper emphasizes on some issues and limitations inherent to the current Mashup technologies like privacy protection, copyright issues etc. which need to be worked out before its wider adoption.
Geographic Information Systems
Authors: Remoaldo Paula Cristina , Ribeiro Vitor P. , Lopes Hélder Silva , Silva Sara Catarina Gomes
Published: June 2017

The emergence of technological systems with computerized cartographic application allowed the resolution of certain military problems between the 50s and 60s the XX century. The first GIS was created in Canada Geographic Information Systems in 1964 for Tomlinson. At this time GIS was in a consolidation phase in multiple areas and for various purposes. The geographical science growth with the development of GIS were in connection to the subject of the new geography, justified by the application of the methods of quantitative analysis in various spatial nature of research. In this context the GIS feature a number of operational advantages and have allowed the proliferation of new fields of endeavor, in open access systems across multiple forms of acquisition, management, interpretation and spatial information analysis. The main goal of this paper is to underwrite the concept of GIS, as well as distinguish the diversity of applications from the past until the present, and to identify new paths to accommodate recent scientific approaches with extensive range of application possibilities.
Use of GIS and Remote Sensing for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping
Authors: Erener Arzu , Sarp Gulcan , Duzgun Sebnem H.
Published: June 2017

In recent years, geographical information systems (GISs) and Remote Sensing (RS) have proven to be common tools adopted for different studies in different scientific disciplines. GIS defined as a set of tools for the input, storage, retrieval, manipulation, management, modeling, analysis and output of spatial data. RS, on the other hand, can play a role in the production of a data and in the generation of thematic maps related to spatial studies. This study focuses on use of GIS and RS data for landslide susceptibility mapping. Five factors including Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), slope; lineament density and distance to roads were used for the grid based approach for landslide susceptibility mappings. Results of this study suggest that geographic information systems can effectively be used to obtain susceptibility maps by compiling and overlaying several data layers relevant to landslide hazards.
Accessibility in E-Government
Authors: Sonnenberg Christian
Published: June 2017

Electronic Government (E-Government) resources and websites are a crucial interface for many citizens, yet accessibility is an often overlooked attribute when designing such tools. Poorly designed sites can seriously hinder and cause detrimental effects for user relying on these services. How content is presented and delivered on the Web makes an impact on how effective and helpful it is, but even more so for users with disabilities. This paper begins with the standards of digital government content presentation and follows up with a look at the compliance rate, current challenges, and possible avenues of future delivery methods. Discussion includes a look at Section 508 and possible update measures to incorporate new devices. This paper will explore the current drawbacks of automated compliance and accessibility management and provide perspective on what improvements need to be made to foster proper E-Government design.
Challenges and Implications of Health Literacy in Global Health Care
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: June 2017

This article explains the perspectives on health literacy; trends and issues with health literacy; and the challenges and implications of health literacy in global health care. Health literacy concerns the knowledge and competences of patient to meet the complex demands of health in modern health care. Providing effective patient information means acknowledging, understanding, and overcoming barriers to health literacy that physicians, health professionals, and patients might experience. Health literacy affects health behavior and the use of health services, thus affecting health outcomes and health costs in the health care organizations. The benefits of health literacy improvement include improved communication, greater adherence to treatment, greater ability to engage in self-care, improved health status, greater health care efficiency, and cost savings to the health care systems.
Cyber Behaviors in Seeking Health Information
Authors: Yuan Xiaojun (Jenny) , Pino José A.
Published: June 2017

This paper discusses health information seeking (HIS) behavior in general, and then followed with collaborative HIS behavior in terms of the current status, the representative researchers and their work, challenges and future directions. All aspects of collaborative HIS constitute a wide field and thus, this paper focuses on the HIS social dimension and explores how collaborative HIS could contribute to promoting people's positive health behavior. Afterwards, collaborative information seeking systems are introduced, and future directions and conclusion are discussed.
Information Systems and Technology Projects in Healthcare Organisations
Authors: Gomes Jorge , Romão Mário José Batista
Published: June 2017

Healthcare organisations must improve their business practices and internal procedures in order to meet the increasing demands of health professionals and the public in general for better information. Hospitals have adopted a patient-centred care approach and have invested massively in information systems and technology (IS/IT), in the hope that these investments will improve medical care and that they will meet patient demands. From the point of view of public service, the focus of healthcare system is the patient, and therefore any intervention should be based on their needs and expectations. It has become more and more important that investments in information systems and technology (IS/IT) support not only short-term objectives, but also long-term benefits, in order to provide a sustainable service for organisations, professionals and users. The main objective of this research is to study how organisational maturity, enhanced by IS/IT investments and project management best practices, leads to successful projects in healthcare organisations.