bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFESIONALIZACIÔN DE LOS CONTENIDOS DE LAS CIENCIAS BÁSICAS CON UN ENFOQUE INTERDISCIPLINAR, NUEVA VISIÓN PARA LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR.
Authors: Milián Domínguez Jorge , Suárez Hernández Jesús , Morales Romero Carlos A
Published: June 2017

La profesionalización de los contenidos es un tema de gran actualidad, constituyendo una necesidad en el mundo universitario contemporáneo, dado en lo fundamental por la contribución que esta tiene, en la formación profesional de los graduados. A partir de esta problemática, se presenta este artículo, cuyo objetivo es el siguiente: presentar las ideas rectoras de enfoque científico que regulan la profesionalización de los contenidos con un enfoque interdisciplinar para la Educación Superior como elemento esencial para la vinculación directa de los currículos de las asignaturas de formación básica y el perfil del profesional y su contextualización al desarrollo científico técnico del país.

Palabras clave:Profesionalización, contenidos, profesionalización de los contenidos, ideas rectoras, contextualización. Abstract Professionalization of contents is a current issue, a need in contemporary universities, mainly because of its contribution to the professional development of graduates. On the basis of this issue, this article presents the scientific approach guiding ideas that rule professionalization of the interdisciplinary contents approach for Higher Education as a key element directly linking the basic education curricula and professional profile, and their contextualization, to the scientific and technical development of the country. Keywords: Professionalization, content, professional content, guiding ideas, contextualization.

Recibido: octubre de 2014Aprobado: noviembre de 2014
EDITORIAL
Authors: Lamas Gonzalez Margarita
Published: June 2017

“Todo hombre culto es un embajador posible”.José MartíLa Revista Ciencias Pedagógicas e Innovación de la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, celebra su Tercer Aniversario, dando salida al Vol. III Nº 3, en soporte impreso y electrónico.Cierra el 2015, con otro logro en el camino de la indización en base de datos de mayor ranking a nivel mundial. Fue certificada en e-revist@s, y REDIB, plataforma de agregación de contenidos científicos y académicos en formato electrónico producidos en el ámbito iberoamericano, con la participación del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), que constituye la mayor institución pública dedicada a la investigación en España y la tercera de Europa, así como Universa, red de universidades más importantes de Iberoamérica, constituida por 1345 universidades de 23 países, que representa a 18,3 millones de estudiantes y profesores. En el 2016, obtendremos nuevas metas, como publicación en el área de las Ciencias Sociales, disciplinas que siempre han contribuido a la producción de un conocimiento vital para las personas, al aumentar la comprensión social sobre la naturaleza del hombre y el perfeccionamiento de la condición humana.Estamos abiertos a la recepción de los resultados de sus investigaciones científicas académicas, para el sometimiento al proceso de arbitraje y su publicación durante los 365 días del año.Deseamos a nuestros pares académicos, a los investigadores, docentes, estudiantes y a todos los que nos leen, un Feliz Año 2016. Margarita Lamas González, Ph.DDirectora
EL PERFECCIONAMIENTO DEL PROCESO DE FORMACIÓN INICIAL DEL DOCENTE EN EL CONTEXTO ECUATORIANO. UNA ALTERNATIVA DESDE LA PROFESIONALIZACIÓN PEDAGÓGICA.
Authors: Hernández Amaro Luis Enrique , Breijo Worosz Taimi , Pimentel Garriga Ana Mari
Published: June 2017

El trabajo aborda una alternativa para el perfeccionamiento del proceso de formación inicial del docente en el contexto ecuatoriano, a partir del tratamiento a problemas de la profesión, configurada a partir de las acciones: identificación de problemas profesionales, su valoración, determinación de vías de solución y diseño de estrategias educativas para la solución de problemas profesionales y valoración crítica de su desempeño profesional. La sistematización teórica realizada, otros estudios teórico-prácticos y los resultados del estudio diagnóstico que evidencian la necesidad de cambio en torno a la formación de docentes desde la perspectiva tratada, facilitaron la elaboración de la alternativa propuesta.

Palabras Clave: Alternativa, profesionalización, problemas profesionales

ABSTRACT

 

The paper discusses an alternative to perfect the process of initial teacher education in the Ecuadorian context, from the treatment of problems of the profession, configured from the following: identification of professional problems, their valuation, settlement roads and design of educational strategies to solve professional problems and critical evaluation of their professional performance. The theoretical systematization made, other theoretical and practical studies and the results of diagnostic studies that demonstrate the need for change regarding teacher training from the treated perspective, facilitated the development of the proposed alternative.

 

Keywords: initial education teaching, education training.

 

 

Recibido: agosto de 2015Aprobado: octubre de 2015
EXPERIENCIAS COTIDIANAS DE INTERCULTURALIDAD EN EL ECUADOR: EL GUARACAZO MUSICAL.
Authors: Tuaza Castro Luis Alberto
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo analiza los alcances de la interculturalidad en la relación interétnica blanco – mestiza e indígena en el Ecuador contemporáneo. Se argumenta que la música del cantautor indígena Ángel Guaraca ha logrado unir a estos dos grupos étnicos históricamente confrontados, más allá de las fronteras étnicas y al mismo tiempo ha posibilitado la valoración de las expresiones culturales indígenas por parte de la sociedad ecuatoriana, dentro y fuera del país.

Palabras Clave: etnicidad, música e interculturalidad.

 

ABSTRACT

 

This article analyzes the scope of interculturality in relation to the white-mestizo and indigenousethnic relationship in contemporary Ecuador. It is argued that the music of the indigenous composer-singer Angel Guaraca has made it possible to unite these two historically confronted ethnic groups, beyond ethnic boundaries and at the same time has enabled the appreciation of indigenous cultural expressions by the Ecuadorian society , in and out of the country.

 

Keywords: ethnicity, music and interculturality.

 

Recibido: septiembre 2015Aprobado: noviembre 2015
LAS SITUACIONES PRÁCTICAS EN EL PROCESO DE ENSEÑANZA APRENDIZAJE DE LAS MATEMÁTICAS
Authors: Márquez Oquendo Agustín , Maridueña Macancela Luis Enrique
Published: June 2017

Las situaciones prácticas constituyen una necesidad de la didáctica actual en la enseñanza preuniversitaria, sobre todo, porque mediante las cuales se puede dirigir el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, de manera que resulte un aprendizaje duradero, significativo y de interés para los alumnos. Está sustentada en la teoría de las situaciones didácticas de Guy Brousseau y sus seguidores, el aprendizaje desarrollador de los seguidores cubanos de Majmutov y Vigotsky, la teoría marxista del conocimiento, y otras, lo cual unido a su definición se encuentran reseñados en este artículo. Palabras Clave: situaciones prácticas, tratamiento de situaciones prácticas, situaciones didácticas, enseñanza aprendizaje desarrolladores ABSTRACT Practical situations constitute a necessity on current didactics mainly at pre-university teaching, especially because through them, the teaching learning process can be directed, so that it becomes a durable, significant learning of interest for the students. This study is based on the theory of didactic situations of Guy Brousseau’s and followers, the learning development theory of Majmutov and Vigotsky’s Cuban followers, the Marxist theory of knowledge, and others, which together with their definition are pointed out in this article. Keywords: practical situations, treatment of practical situations, didactic situations, teaching-learning development. Recibido: febrero de 2016Aprobado: abril de 2016
Reducción de costos en el calentamiento de agua en Ecuador, a través de la sustitución de calefones con uso de GLP por sistemas de energía solar térmica
Authors: Pesántez Jimmy
Published: June 2017

Se estima que en Ecuador existen unos 300 mil sistemas de agua caliente sanitaria funcionando con GLP, la gran mayoría en las provincias de la sierra y principalmente en los hogares de mayor ingreso económico. El GLP es un combustible subvencionado por el estado ecuatoriano con fines de cocción, el cual es importado con un precio mayor a 90 céntimos de dólar por kilogramo y vendido al público por 11 céntimos de dólares el kilogramo. El uso de sistemas de calentamiento de agua con energía solar térmica permitiría ahorrar al estado ecuatoriano una considerable cantidad de dinero que puede destinarse a otros fines; al mismo tiempo se contribuiría a la reducción de impactos negativos por la producción y el uso de derivados de petróleo y por supuesto por la generación de CO2.
Adaptación del Trigo (Triticum), en diferentes épocas de cuatro localidades, Provincia de Santa Elena.
Authors: Orrala B Néstor , Solís L Araceli , Rodríguez Carlos , Ángel Erwin , Limón Michel , Flores Johanna , Suárez Guale Tatiana , Merchán Gardenia , Álvarez Anthony , Figueroa Luis
Published: June 2017

EL Ecuador importa el 98 % de los requerimientos internos de trigo. Tradicionalmente se cultiva en la Sierra, cuya clima tiene características parecidas a la provincia de Santa Elena en determinada época, lo que podría ser soporte para adaptar este cultivar a las condiciones agroecológicas de la península. La investigación tuvo objetivo verificar el comportamiento agronómico de variedades de trigo en San Vicente de Colonche, Sinchal, Zapotal, San Vicente de Loja con los materiales Cojitambo, Zhalao, Trigo Blanco, Seri-Atila y Tinamou x Lira x Veree, sembradas en diferentes épocas bajo el diseño Bloques Completamente al Azar. Variables experimentales estudiadas: encañado, espigado, altura de la planta, número de macollos; longitud de espiga sin aristas; cantidad de granos llenos y vanos; peso de 1 000 semillas, expresado en gramos; rendimiento por hectárea en kilogramos mas análisis económico. Las etapas fenológicas son más cortas en la Costa con relación a la Sierra; sobresale la localidad San Vicente de Colonche, la primera época y la variedad Zhalao. Algunas variables agronómicas se acercan a los descriptores del INIAP.
Inclusión de personas con discapacidad en el medio laboral
Authors: Guerra Mónica , Ramos Carlos , Subía Andrés , Carvaja Víctor , Borja Santiago
Published: June 2017

En el presente artículo reportamos una investigación que analizó la inclusión de personas con discapacidad en el medio laboral. El primer paso seguido en el proceso metodológico fue la construcción de un instrumento para cuantificar el nivel de conocimiento del proceso inclusivo que los trabajadores poseen sobre las personas con discapacidad. La muestra del estudio estuvo conformada por 150 participantes (95 mujeres y 55 hombres). El diseño de investigación se basó en un método cuantitativo con un alcance descriptivo. La estadística se basó en un proceso de medidas de tendencia central y dispersión. Como resultados encontramos que la mayoría de participantes conocen sobre las discapacidades y su proceso de inclusión laboral. Como investigación futura nos planteamos analizar el rendimiento de personas con discapacidad que han sido incluidas en algún determinado contexto laboral.
El estilo de apego en la mujer violentada
Authors: Romero Urréa Holguer
Published: June 2017

La violencia produce desintegración y traumas psíquicos de difícil erradicación,  los estudios del tipo de apego  determina las condiciones en las que crece la niña para evitar que sea maltratada. Como objetivos de la investigación se analiza la influencia  del estilo de apego y del contexto social en  la permisión de la violencia, el tipo de apego,  el tipo de violencia, el motivo por el cual permanece con su pareja, luego de ser violentada; utilizando metodología cualitativa, cuantitativa, transversa, basada en la observación, entrevista  a profundidad,  cuestionarios, análisis fenomenológico. Se utiliza varios instrumentos para disminuir el margen de error. Como resultados se determina que el tipo de apego y el contexto influyen en la permisión de violencia, se confirma el predomino de la violencia psicológica. Existe un Apego Preocupado. Se concluye que el tipo de relación con los cuidadores, la educación,  edad, tiempo de noviazgo, ingreso económico, afectan estado emocional de la mujer y permiten que su pareja la agreda. El apego Preocupado tiene las mismas características que presenta el perfil personológico encontrado. A todas las mujeres afecta psicológicamente la agresión. No abandona a su agresor, por seguridad, estabilidad, temor por el bienestar psicosocial y por temor a la agresión. Abstract Violence produces disintegration and psychic traumas difficult to eradicate, studies attachment type determines the conditions in which the child grows to prevent it from being abused. As research objectives; the influence of attachment style and social context in enabling violence, attachment type, type of violence, why stay with your partner, after being raped is analyzed; using qualitative, quantitative, transversal methodology. Based on observation, depth interviews, questionnaires, phenomenological analysis. Several instruments are used to reduce the margin of error. As a result it is determined that the type of attachment and context influence the permission of violence, the predominance of psychological violence is confirmed. There is preoccupied attachment. It is concluded that the type of relationship with caregivers, education, age, time of dating, income, emotional state affect women and allow your partner agreda. The preoccupied attachment has the same characteristics presented the profile personological found. All women psychologically affect aggression. Do not leave your abuser, for security, stability, fear psychosocial well-being and for fear of aggression.
El Sistema Universitario Ecuatoriano
Authors: Molina Lilian , Rey Carina , Vall Aurora , Clery Arturo , Santa María Guillermo
Published: June 2017

El presente trabajo muestra al sistema universitario ecuatoriano, con el fin de ayudar a entender el inicio de sus reformas en relación con la nueva Constitución y Ley Orgánica de Educación Superior, la importancia de la gratuidad en este nuevo escenario, así como también las nuevas tipologías y orden constitucional de creación de nuevas universidades para promover la investigación científica.Abstract The present work shows the Ecuadorian university system, in order to help understand the beginning of its reforms in relation to the new Constitution and Organic Law of Higher Education, the importance of gratuitousness in this new scenario, as well as the new typologies And constitutional order of creation of new universities to promote scientific research.
La unidad de dirección y su incidencia en la efectividad administrativa de las empresas del cantón La Libertad
Authors: Mejillones Picazo Raquel , Salazar Arango Edwar , Collins Ventura Nathyn , Muñoz Villacis María
Published: June 2017

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en socializar la incidencia de la unidad de dirección en la efectividad administrativa de las empresas del cantón La Libertad. La contribución teórica radica en la concepción de la teoría y práctica del sistema de enseñanza-aprendizaje atendiendo al contexto, la definición y caracterización de la gestión administrativa de las empresas, con el fin de determinar los distintos factores que aportan al desarrollo organizacional. Para lograr los objetivos de la investigación se diseñó una entrevista dirigida a representantes de 40 empresas del cantón La Libertad, con la finalidad de establecer criterios respecto al tema de investigación, mediante un muestreo probabilístico, la muestra es finita por eso se utilizó el muestreo aleatorio simple. Se implementó una investigación descriptiva, para conocer la situación real, debido que en la actualidad uno de los problemas que afrontan muchas instituciones es la falta de un plan estratégico y el desconocimiento en gestión administrativa, en razón de que muchos de los directivos trabajan de una forma empírica; pero se debe estar acorde a las exigencias del mercado, puesto que cualquier institución se mantiene gracias a las preferencias de los clientes; dentro de los resultados de campo obtenidos en el proceso investigativo se encuentran instituciones con un buen órgano definido de dirección, pero pocas acciones estratégicas de planificación. AbstractThe objective of this article is to socialize the incidence of the unit of management in the administrative effectiveness of the companies of the canton La Libertad. The theoretical contribution lies in the conception of the theory and practice of the teaching-learning system, taking into account the context, definition and characterization of the administrative management of companies, in order to determine the different factors that contribute to organizational development. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, an interview was designed directed to representatives of 40 companies of the canton La Libertad, with the purpose of establishing criteria regarding the research topic, through a probabilistic sampling, the sample is finite that is why random sampling simple. A descriptive research was implemented to know the real situation, because at present one of the problems faced by many institutions is the lack of a strategic plan and lack of knowledge in administrative management, since many of the managers work in one Empirical form; But it must be in accordance with the demands of the market, since any institution is maintained thanks to the preferences of the clients; Within the field results obtained in the investigative process are institutions with a well defined management body, but few strategic planning actions.
PulseNet International: Vision for the implementation of whole genome sequencing (WGS) for global food-borne disease surveillance
Authors: Nadon Celine , Van Walle Ivo , Gerner-Smidt Peter , Campos Josefina , Chinen Isabel , Concepcion-Acevedo Jeniffer , Gilpin Brent , Smith Anthony M. , Kam Kai Man , Perez Enrique , Trees Eija , Kubota Kristy , Takkinen Johanna , Nielsen Eva Møller , Carleton Heather ,   FWD-NEXT Expert Panel
Published: June 2017

PulseNet International is a global network dedicated to laboratory-based surveillance for food-borne diseases. The network comprises the national and regional laboratory networks of Africa, Asia Pacific, Canada, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, and the United States. The PulseNet International vision is the standardised use of whole genome sequencing (WGS) to identify and subtype food-borne bacterial pathogens worldwide, replacing traditional methods to strengthen preparedness and response, reduce global social and economic disease burden, and save lives. To meet the needs of real-time surveillance, the PulseNet International network will standardise subtyping via WGS using whole genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST), which delivers sufficiently high resolution and epidemiological concordance, plus unambiguous nomenclature for the purposes of surveillance. Standardised protocols, validation studies, quality control programmes, database and nomenclature development, and training should support the implementation and decentralisation of WGS. Ideally, WGS data collected for surveillance purposes should be publicly available, in real time where possible, respecting data protection policies. WGS data are suitable for surveillance and outbreak purposes and for answering scientific questions pertaining to source attribution, antimicrobial resistance, transmission patterns, and virulence, which will further enable the protection and improvement of public health with respect to food-borne disease.
An audit of hepatobiliary diseases in a tertiary level intensive care unit in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Pramesh Sunder , Acharya Subhash Prasad , Shrestha Gentle Sunder , Aryal Diptesh , Udaya Rejin Kumar , Marhatta Moda Nath
Published: June 2017

Background: Hepatobiliary diseases account for significant proportion of admission in our intensive care unit, a semi-closed, 11 bedded mixed medical-surgical unit. This study was conducted to study the profile of patients with various hepatobiliary diseases who required intensive care unit admissions with the aim of identifying the need for a hepatobiliary critical care facility. Methods: A retrospective study was designed and all consecutive patients admitted with hepatobiliary problems from January 2013 till December 2013 were enrolled in the study.Results: Out of 467 patients admitted, there were 61 (13.06%) patients with hepatobiliary diseases. Out of 61 patients, there were 24 (39.3%) patients with medical cause for hepatobiliary disease and 37 (60.7%) patients with a surgical cause. The majority of the patients 52.45% were male. The overall mortality in these patients was 37.70%. The mortality in patients with surgical cause for the hepatobiliary disease was less (27.02%). Encephalopathy was a common condition leading to ICU admission. The common medical conditions were Cirrhosis secondary to Alcoholic Liver disease and Acute Fulminant Hepatic Failure. The commonest surgical conditions were Severe Pancreatitis, Post-Whipple's surgery, postoperative sepsis after Cholecystectomy, Liver Injury secondary to Road Traffic Accidents and Severe Cholangitis. Conclusion: The number of patients presenting to our multidisciplinary unit with hepatobiliary diseases is high and this group of patients have a high mortality. Though the numbers do not suggest an immediate need for a Hepatobiliary intensive care unit, the increasing trend suggests such a facility would be the need of time in near future.
Glomerulonephritis to Renal Cell Carcinoma: Diagnostic Dilemma with Successful Management of a 8 Year Old Boy
Authors: Quader Mohammed Maruf Ul , Muhuri Basana Rani , Karim AKM Rezaul , Sultana Sharmin , Hoque Sayed Mesbahul
Published: June 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (3) :186-188
A Review on Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by NH3 over Mn–Based Catalysts at Low Temperatures: Catalysts, Mechanisms, Kinetics and DFT Calculations
Authors: Gao Fengyu , Tang Xiaolong , Yi Honghong , Zhao Shunzheng , Li Chenlu , Li Jingying , Shi Yiran , Meng Xiaomi
Published: June 2017

It is a major challenge to develop the low–temperature catalysts (LTC, <250 °C) with excellent efficiency and stability for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx by NH3 from stationary sources. Mn-based LTC have been widely investigated due to its various valence states and excellent redox performance, while the poisoning by H2O or/and SO2 is one of the severe weaknesses. This paper reviews the latest research progress on Mn-based catalysts that are expected to break through the resistance, such as modified MnOx–CeO2, multi-metal oxides with special crystal or/and shape structures, modified TiO2 supporter, and novel carbon supporter (ACF, CNTs, GE), etc. The SCR mechanisms and promoting effects of redox cycle are described in detail. The reaction kinetics will be a benefit for the quantitative study of Eley–Rideal (ER) and Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH) mechanisms. This paper also introduces the applications of quantum-chemical calculation using density functional theory to analyze the physic-chemical properties, explicates the reaction and poisoning mechanisms, and directs the design of functional catalysts on molecule levels. The intensive study of H2O/SO2 inhibition effects is by means of the combination analysis of in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and density functional theory (DFT), and the amplification of tolerance mechanisms will be helpful to design an excellent SCR catalyst.
Investigating a Small Oil-Flooded Twin-Screw Expander for Waste-Heat Utilisation in Organic Rankine Cycle Systems
Authors: Nikolov Alexander , Brümmer Andreas
Published: June 2017

Screw-type expanders offer excellent prospects for energy conversion in lower and medium power ranges, for instance as expansion engines in Rankine cycles with regard to either waste or geothermal heat recovery. With the aim of identifying the potential in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power systems, an oil-flooded twin-screw expander without timing gears was designed and experimentally investigated in an ORC with R245fa as working fluid. Here, the scope for the experimental determination of the expander characteristic map was limited by the test rig specifications. Based on the experimental results, a multi-chamber model of the test twin-screw expander was calibrated and theoretical approaches according to mechanical and hydraulic loss calculation were applied. Consequently, the expander’s complete characteristic map could be calculated. Furthermore, relevant mechanisms influencing the operational behaviour of oil-flooded twin-screw expanders were identified and analysed in-depth.
Efficiency of Recycling Double-Pass V-Corrugated Solar Air Collectors
Authors: Ho Chii-Dong , Hsiao Ching-Fang , Chang Hsuan , Tien Yi-En , Hong Zih-Syuan
Published: June 2017

The influence of recycling on double-pass solar air collectors with welding of the V-corrugated absorber has been studied experimentally and theoretically. Welding the V-corrugated absorber and the recycle-effect concept to the solar air collector was proposed to strengthen the convective heat-transfer coefficient due to turbulence promotion. Both the recycle effect and the V-corrugated absorber can effectively enhance the heat transfer efficiency compared to various designs such as single-pass, flat-plate double-pass, and double-pass wire mesh packed devices. Recycling operations and welding the V-corrugated absorber could enhance the collector efficiency by increasing the recycle ratio, incident solar radiations, and air mass flow rates. The most efficient and economical operating conditions were found at R ≈ 0.5, with relatively small hydraulic dissipated energy compensation. It was found that the turbulence intensity increase from welding the V-corrugated absorber into the solar air collector channel could compensate for the power consumption increase, when considering economic feasibility.
Genetic Structure of the Tropical Tree Eusideroxylon zwageri in Indonesia Revealed by Chloroplast DNA Phylogeography
Authors: Nurtjahjaningsih I.L.G. , Sukartiningsih  , Kurokochi Hiroyuki , Saito Yoko , Ide Yuji
Published: June 2017

Eusideroxylon zwageri is a large tropical rainforest tree native to Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Brunei. Because of its high economic value, illegal logging and overexploitation is threatening this species in several locations in Indonesia. In this study, in order to conserve genetic resources, we investigated the genetic structure of E. zwageri in Indonesia using chloroplast DNA sequencing. Eusideroxylon zwageri samples were collected from the Kalimantan (56 trees from seven populations) and Sumatra (16 trees from two populations) islands of Indonesia. Approximately 3137 bp of chloroplast DNA was sequenced for each tree. Twenty-one haplotypes were identified, of which six haplotypes were detected from two or three populations, whereas the other 15 haplotypes were detected from one population each. For each population, one to six haplotypes were detected, and phylogenetically closer haplotypes were detected within the same population. Although the haplotypes were roughly divided into two groups, geographically-close populations did not always have phylogenetically-close haplotypes. Our results suggest that in Indonesia, E. zwageri showed a high genetic diversity at the chloroplast DNA level, and populations within a population were derived from similar maternal lineages. Therefore, transplantation within a population may be a feasible option for E. zwageri conservation. However, transplantation among different populations should be conducted with careful consideration, because geographic distances are not always related to phylogenetic distances in E. zwageri.
Fortification and Elevated Alcohol Concentration Affect the Concentration of Rotundone and Volatiles in Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz Wine
Authors: Zhang Pangzhen , Luo Fangping , Howell Kate
Published: June 2017

Rotundone is a key aromatic compound for cool-climate Shiraz. This compound is produced in the skin of grape berries and extracted into wine during fermentation. This project investigated the influence of fermentation techniques on the concentration of rotundone in the resultant wine. Wine was fortified with ethanol and sucrose on the 1st and 5th days of fermentation and rotundone, volatile aroma compounds and colour were assessed in the resultant wine. The relationship between the concentration of rotundone and alcoholic strength during fermentation process was also investigated. Wine alcoholic strength and skin–wine contact time were two factors affecting rotundone extraction rate from grapes into wine. Fortification significantly enhanced rotundone extraction rate, and improved wine colour and phenolics and affects the concentration of ethyl acetate, 3-methylbutyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, methyl nonanoate, isopentanol and phenylethyl alcohol in the resultant wine. Understanding how ethanol produced during fermentation can change the extraction of skin-bound aroma compounds and the colour and flavour of wine allows greater control of fermentation parameters to produce quality wine.
Macular Carotenoid Supplementation Improves Visual Performance, Sleep Quality, and Adverse Physical Symptoms in Those with High Screen Time Exposure
Authors: Stringham James , Stringham Nicole , O’Brien Kevin
Published: June 2017

The dramatic rise in the use of smartphones, tablets, and laptop computers over the past decade has raised concerns about potentially deleterious health effects of increased “screen time” (ST) and associated short-wavelength (blue) light exposure. We determined baseline associations and effects of 6 months’ supplementation with the macular carotenoids (MC) lutein, zeaxanthin, and mesozeaxanthin on the blue-absorbing macular pigment (MP) and measures of sleep quality, visual performance, and physical indicators of excessive ST. Forty-eight healthy young adults with at least 6 h of daily near-field ST exposure participated in this placebo-controlled trial. Visual performance measures included contrast sensitivity, critical flicker fusion, disability glare, and photostress recovery. Physical indicators of excessive screen time and sleep quality were assessed via questionnaire. MP optical density (MPOD) was assessed via heterochromatic flicker photometry. At baseline, MPOD was correlated significantly with all visual performance measures (p < 0.05 for all). MC supplementation (24 mg daily) yielded significant improvement in MPOD, overall sleep quality, headache frequency, eye strain, eye fatigue, and all visual performance measures, versus placebo (p < 0.05 for all). Increased MPOD significantly improves visual performance and, in turn, improves several undesirable physical outcomes associated with excessive ST. The improvement in sleep quality was not directly related to increases in MPOD, and may be due to systemic reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation.
Parameter Study and Method for Processing an Adhesion Promoter for Manufacturing Sandwich Sheets
Authors: Poggel Benedikt , Engel Bernd
Published: June 2017

Next to the electrification of the powertrain, lightweight design plays an important role in automotive industry. Within the last few years an increasing amount of new materials have been used in automotive structures. One type belonging to this new generation of materials is sandwich materials with sheet metal cover sheets and an inner thermoplastic core. The link between the metallic sheet and the thermoplastic core is achieved with the use of an interface layer made of an adhesion promoter. In the present research, the polyamide 6 based adhesion promoter Evonik Hylink was used. To analyze the thermal behavior of the adhesion promoter a DSC analysis was performed. Based on the DSC analysis, a process window is established and verified by mechanical tests. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the adhesion promoter are characterized with single lap shear tests in dependence to different process parameters temperature, compression time and layer thickness. With the presented method, a process window for processing the adhesion promoter can be established in relation to the varied parameters.
Starting Framework for Analog Numerical Analysis for Energy-Efficient Computing
Authors: Hasler Jennifer
Published: June 2017

The focus of this work is to develop a starting framework for analog numerical analysis and related algorithm questions. Digital computation is enabled by a framework developed over the last 80 years. Having an analog framework enables wider capability while giving the designer tools to make reasonable choices. Analog numerical analysis concerns computation on physical structures utilizing the real-valued representations of that physical system. This work starts the conversation of analog numerical analysis, including exploring the relevancy and need for this framework. A complexity framework based on computational strengths and weaknesses builds from addressing analog and digital numerical precision, as well as addresses analog and digital error propagation due to computation. The complimentary analog and digital computational techniques enable wider computational capabilities.
Effect of Applied Stress on the Mechanical Properties of a Zr-Cu-Ag-Al Bulk Metallic Glass with Two Different Structure States
Authors: Chen Heng , Zhang Taihua , Ma Yi
Published: June 2017

In order to investigate the effect of applied stress on mechanical properties in metallic glasses, nanoindentation tests were conducted on elastically bent Zr-Cu-Ag-Al metallic glasses with two different structure states. From spherical P-h curves, elastic modulus was found to be independent on applied stress. Hardness decreased by ~8% and ~14% with the application of 1.5% tensile strain for as-cast and 650 K annealed specimens, while it was slightly increased at the compressive side. Yield stress could be obtained from the contact pressure at first pop-in position with a conversion coefficient. The experimental result showed a symmetrical effect of applied stress on strengthening and a reduction of the contact pressure at compressive and tensile sides. It was observed that the applied stress plays a negligible effect on creep deformation in as-cast specimen. While for the annealed specimen, creep deformation was facilitated by applied tensile stress and suppressed by applied compressive stress. Strain rate sensitivities (SRS) were calculated from steady-state creep, which were constant for as-cast specimen and strongly correlated with applied stress for the annealed one. The more pronounced effect of applied stress in the 650 K annealed metallic glass could be qualitatively explained through the variation of the shear transformation zone (STZ) size.
Synthesis of Al2Ca Dispersoids by Powder Metallurgy Using a Mg–Al Alloy and CaO Particles
Authors: Fujita Junji , Umeda Junko , Kondoh Katsuyoshi
Published: June 2017

The elemental mixture of Mg-6 wt %Al-1 wt %Zn-0.3 wt %Mn (AZ61B) alloy powder and CaO particles was consolidated by an equal-channel angular bulk mechanical alloying (ECABMA) process to form a composite precursor. Subsequently, the precursor was subjected to a heat treatment to synthesize fine Al2Ca particles via a solid-state reaction between the Mg–Al matrix and CaO additives. Scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and electron probe micro-analysis on the precursor indicated that 4.7-at % Al atoms formed a supersaturated solid solution in the α-Mg matrix. Transmission electron microscopy-EDS and X-ray diffraction analyses on the AZ61B composite precursor with 10-vol % CaO particles obtained by heat treatment confirmed that CaO additives were thermally decomposed in the Mg–Al alloy, and the solid-soluted Ca atoms diffused along the α-Mg grain boundaries. Al atoms also diffused to the grain boundaries because of attraction to the Ca atoms resulting from a strong reactivity between Al and Ca. As a result, needle-like (Mg,Al)2Ca intermetallics were formed as intermediate precipitates in the initial reaction stage during the heat treatment. Finally, the precipitates were transformed into spherical Al2Ca particles by the substitution of Al atoms for Mg atoms in (Mg,Al)2Ca after a long heat treatment.
Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Combined Chemo- and Photothermal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhu Zhijun , Su Ming
Published: June 2017

Cancer therapy with two different modalities can enhance treatment efficacy and reduce side effects. This paper describes a new method for combined chemo- and photothermal therapy of cancer using poly dopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs), where PDA-NPs serve not only as a photothermal agent with strong near infrared absorbance and high energy conversion efficiency, but also as a carrier to deliver cisplatin via interaction between cisplatin and catechol groups on PDA-NPs. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was introduced through Michael addition reaction to improve the stability of PDA-NPs in physiological condition. A remarkable synergistic therapeutic effect has been achieved compared with respective single treatments. This work suggests that the PDA-based nanoplatform can be a universal scaffold for combined chemo- and photothermal therapy of cancer.
In Vitro Response of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) to Collagen Films Treated with Cold Plasma
Authors: Chen Rui , Curran Jude , Pu Fanrong , Zhuola Zhuola , Bayon Yves , Hunt John
Published: June 2017

The implantation of biomedical devices, including collagen-based implants, evokes an inflammatory response. Despite inflammation playing an important role in the early stages of wound healing, excessive and non-resolving inflammation may lead to the poor performance of biomaterial implants in some patients. Therefore, steps should be taken to control the level and duration of an inflammatory response. In this study, oxygen and nitrogen gas plasmas were employed to modify the surface of collagen film, with a view to modifying the surface properties of a substrate in order to induce changes to the inflammatory response, whilst maintaining the mechanical integrity of the underlying collagen film. The effects of cold plasma treatment and resultant changes to surface properties on the non-specific inflammatory response of the immune system was investigated in vitro in direct contact cell culture by the measurement of protein expression and cytokine production after one and four days of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture. The results indicated that compared to oxygen plasma, nitrogen plasma treatment produced an anti-inflammatory effect on the collagen film by reducing the initial activation of monocytes and macrophages, which led to a lower production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα, and higher production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. This was attributed to the combination of the amino chemical group and the significant reduction in roughness associated with the introduction of the nitrogen plasma treatment, which had an effect on the levels of activation of the adherent cell population.
Work-Related Psychological Wellbeing: Testing the Balanced Affect Model among Anglican Clergy
Authors: Francis Leslie , Laycock Patrick , Brewster Christine
Published: June 2017

Poor work-related psychological health and professional burnout remain issues of concern among clergy across denominations and across cultures. Maslach’s three-component model of burnout remains the most frequently employed conceptualization and measure in clergy research. Maslach proposes a sequential model of burnout. An alternative approach has been offered by the Francis Burnout Inventory that comprises two components. Francis proposes a balanced affect model of burnout according to which negative affect (emotional exhaustion) is offset by positive affect (satisfaction in ministry). This study draws on data provided by around 658 clergy serving in the Church of England to test this balanced affect model. Employing independent measures of burnout, the data demonstrated the significance of the interaction term between positive affect and negative affect in predicting individual differences in burnout. In other words, as positive affect increases the effects of negative affect decrease.
Teaching the Reformations—Introduction
Authors: Metress Christopher
Published: June 2017

This introduction to the Special Issue “Teaching the Reformations” summarizes the volume’s essays and discusses the conference at which they were presented.
Experimental Demonstration of Long-Range Underwater Acoustic Communication Using a Vertical Sensor Array
Authors: Zhao Anbang , Zeng Caigao , Hui Juan , Ma Lin , Bi Xuejie
Published: June 2017

This paper proposes a composite channel virtual time reversal mirror (CCVTRM) for vertical sensor array (VSA) processing and applies it to long-range underwater acoustic (UWA) communication in shallow water. Because of weak signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), it is unable to accurately estimate the channel impulse response of each sensor of the VSA, thus the traditional passive time reversal mirror (PTRM) cannot perform well in long-range UWA communication in shallow water. However, CCVTRM only needs to estimate the composite channel of the VSA to accomplish time reversal mirror (TRM), which can effectively mitigate the inter-symbol interference (ISI) and reduce the bit error rate (BER). In addition, the calculation of CCVTRM is simpler than traditional PTRM. An UWA communication experiment using a VSA of 12 sensors was conducted in the South China Sea. The experiment achieves a very low BER communication at communication rate of 66.7 bit/s over an 80 km range. The results of the sea trial demonstrate that CCVTRM is feasible and can be applied to long-range UWA communication in shallow water.
Statistical Technology Analysis for Competitive Sustainability of Three Dimensional Printing
Authors: Park Sangsung , Jun Sunghae
Published: June 2017

The technology of three-dimensional (3D) printing was commercialized in the late 1980s. Since then, the development of this technology has been dramatically increasing. Moreover, 3D printing technology has been used in many different fields, such as electronics and medical appliances, because 3D printing is a technological convergence based on precision instruments, chemical materials, and electrical equipment. The technological impact of 3D printing is so powerful that we need to analyze 3D printing technology to understand the 3D printing industry. In addition, we want more analytical results for understanding the sustainability of 3D printing technology. Thus, we compare the technologies between 3D printing competitors to find their technological innovations and evolution from a technological sustainability. To analyze the 3D printing technology, we propose a new methodology of statistical technology analysis combing social network analysis with time series clustering. In our case study, we make a comparison between “3D Systems” and “Stratasys”, two major 3D printing companies, because they have been leading the sustainable technologies of 3D printing in the market. We illustrate how the proposed methodology can be applied to practical problems from the case study. This paper contributes to the sustainable technology management, and our research can expand to other competitors with diverse technological fields as well as 3D printing.
Examining the Use of Systemic Approach for Adoption of Systems Thinking in Organizations
Authors: Vemuri Prasad , Bellinger Gene
Published: June 2017

The need for systems thinking (ST) in organizations is being increasingly felt, and sustained effort towards nurturing ST in organizations is still rare. Some companies that tried it earlier were not so successful. One of the reasons for this problem is that the implementation is done more with a reductionist mindset rather than a systemic mindset. It is no doubt challenging for managers so accustomed to reductionist thinking to cultivate the habits of systems thinking. This paper examines the use of a systemic approach for the successful adoption of systems thinking in organizations. The systemic approach needs a good system model for the systematic guidance of the implementation. The systemic model used in this study is a spirit, mind, and body model (SMB)—a holistic model taken from the spiritual lore which emphasizes the need for the alignment of spirit, mind, and body in order to achieve human excellence. We extended this model for use in an organizational context, and defined the systems of the spirit, systems of the mind, and systems of the body for an organization. Systems of the spirit are related to the leadership system, systems of the mind to the learning and change management systems, and systems of the body to the supporting systems such as tools and technology. We used such a model earlier to explain the suboptimal results in the implementation of capability maturity models (CMM) in software companies in India. In this paper, we used this model to explain the rather unsatisfactory results in the implementation of ST in companies like Ford and the satisfactory results in the implementation of “work out” at GE. “Work out” is a five-step process in which ST is a prominent step. We argued whether “work out” can be a good warm-up step that can prepare the organization for successful ST implementation. The study shows that the SMB framework is helpful in conducting an intelligent discourse about the implementation of ST-like initiatives in companies and has excellent potential for use as a guide for ST implementation in organizations.
A Systems-Based Framework for Design and Analysis of an R and D Structure
Authors: Katina Polinpapilinho , Keating Charles , Magpili Luna
Published: June 2017

A critical challenge for managerial effectiveness and competitive advantage in research and development (R and D) organizations is developing an appropriate structural configuration. However, in finding an appropriate structural configuration, R and D managers are faced with unprecedented levels of uncertainty, ambiguity, and accelerating complexity, coupled with demands for increased productivity. This paper develops a systems-based framework to support rigorous design, analysis, and transformation of the structure for R and D organizations. The framework development includes: (1) a review of the literature for the nature and role of the structure in R and D management; (2) setting of the R and D structure problem from a systems perspective; (3) establishing a systems view of R and D structure; (4) articulation of a systems-based framework for R and D structure drawing on management cybernetics and systems theory; and (5) an application of the framework to design the structure for a multidisciplinary R and D center. The paper concludes with implications and utility of the framework for practicing R and D managers challenged with structuring an R and D organization.